bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Informing the development of the Canadian Neurodiversity Platform: What is important to parents of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities?
Authors: Gonzalez Miriam , Saxena Shikha , Chowdhury Farhin , Dyck Holzinger Sasha , Martens Rachel , Oskoui Maryam , Shikako‐Thomas Keiko 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundA crowd‐sourced Canadian platform that collects information across neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDDs) can (1) facilitate knowledge mobilization; (2) provide epidemiological data that can benefit knowledge, treatment, and advocacy; and (3) inform policy and resource allocation decisions. We obtained input from parents of children with NDDs about relevance and feasibility of questionnaire items as a first step to inform questionnaire development of a stakeholder‐driven, national platform for data collection on children with NDDs.MethodsA parent of a teenager with NDDs was a research partner on the project. Through four focus groups and using a guided discussion consensus process, 16 participants provided feedback on whether questionnaire items from existing instruments related to function and disability were feasible for parents to complete and important to include in the platform. Data were analysed using content analysis.ResultsParticipants (1) indicated that questions about medical history, general health, body functioning, self‐care, access to resources, and outcomes (e.g., quality of life) are important to include in the platform and are feasible for self‐completion; (2) provided various suggestions for the questionnaire ranging from additional items to include, using non‐medical language, and keeping completion time from 20 to 30 min; (3) identified incentives and knowing the purpose of the platform as strong motivators to platform participation; (4) spoke about the challenges of their caregiver experience including impact of caregiving on themselves and barriers to accessing services; and (5) highlighted the isolation experienced by their children.ConclusionThrough the focus groups, parent stakeholders contributed to questionnaire development and shared their caregiver experiences. Obtaining feedback from youths with NDDs and healthcare providers on the questionnaire is a next step to validating findings. Stakeholder engagement is fundamental to developing a platform that will inform research that is relevant to the needs of children with NDDs and their families.
Example‐Based Colour Transfer for 3D Point Clouds
Authors: Goudé Ific , Cozot Rémi , Le Meur Olivier , Bouatouch Kadi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractExample‐based colour transfer between images, which has raised a lot of interest in the past decades, consists of transferring the colour of an image to another one. Many methods based on colour distributions have been proposed, and more recently, the efficiency of neural networks has been demonstrated again for colour transfer problems. In this paper, we propose a new pipeline with methods adapted from the image domain to automatically transfer the colour from a target point cloud to an input point cloud. These colour transfer methods are based on colour distributions and account for the geometry of the point clouds to produce a coherent result. The proposed methods rely on simple statistical analysis, are effective, and succeed in transferring the colour style from one point cloud to another. The qualitative results of the colour transfers are evaluated and compared with existing methods.
Phylogenetic supergraphs
Authors: Wheeler Ward C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPhylogenetic graph structures used in empirical and theoretical analysis have expanded beyond trees to more general directed acyclic graphs including networks and forests. Several methods to reconcile multiple such graphs are presented and discussed here, extending existing consensus and supertree techniques to form a set of phylogenetic supergraph methods. These graphs can be used as the summary of analytical results, or as heuristic initial graphs for further phylogenetic analysis.
Inhibition of neuronal necroptosis mediated by RIP1/RIP3/MLKL provides neuroprotective effects on kaolin‐induced hydrocephalus in mice
Authors: Liu Chang , Chen Yaxing , Cui Wenyao , Cao Yi , Zhao Long , Wang Haoxiang , Liu Xiaoyin , Fan Shuangmin , Huang Keru , Tong Aiping , Zhou Liangxue 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesNecroptosis is widespread in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we examined necroptosis in the hippocampus and cortex after hydrocephalus and found that a necroptosis pathway inhibitor alleviates necroptosis and provides neuroprotective effects.Materials and methodsHydrocephalus was induced in C57BL/6 mice by kaolin. Haematoxylin and eosin (HE), Nissl, PI and Fluoro‐Jade B (FJB) staining were used for general observations. Phosphorylated receptor‐interacting protein kinase 3 (p‐RIP3) and phosphorylated mixed lineage kinase domain‐like (p‐MLKL) were measured by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe ependymal cilia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the Morris water maze (MWM) test were used to assess neurobehavioral changes. Immunofluorescence was used to detect microglial and astrocyte activation. Inflammatory cytokines were measured by Western blotting and RT‐PCR.ResultsObvious pathological changes appeared in the hippocampus and cortex after hydrocephalus, and expression of the necroptosis markers p‐RIP3, p‐MLKL and inflammatory cytokines increased. Necrostatin‐1 (Nec‐1) and GSK872 reduced necrotic cell death, attenuated p‐RIP3 and p‐MLKL levels, slightly improved neurobehaviours and inhibited microglial and astrocyte activation and inflammation.ConclusionsRIP1/RIP3/MLKL mediates necroptosis in the cortex and hippocampus in a hydrocephalus mouse model, and Nec‐1 and GSK872 have some neuroprotective effects.
Responses of an endemic species (Roscoea humeana) in the Hengduan Mountains to climate change
Authors: Chu Xue , Gugger Paul F. , Li Li , Zhao Jian‐Li , Li Qing‐Jun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimAdaptation, migration and extinction of species is closely associated with climate changes and shape the distribution of biodiversity. The adaptive responses of species in the biodiversity hotspot, the Hengduan Mountains, to climate change remain poorly understood.LocationThe Hengduan Mountains, southeast of the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau.MethodsThe principles of phylogeography and landscape genomics were applied to the endemic speciesRoscoea humeanain the Hengduan Mountains by genotyping by sequencing data. A total of 5,902 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms were used to analyse the genetic structure/diversity and changes in effective population size over time. Species distribution modelling, principal component analysis and gradient forest analysis were used to explore associations between climate change and genetic variation.ResultsThe population size ofR. humeanarapidly increased after the Last Glacial Maximum. The contribution of climate to genetic variation was greater than that of geography. Precipitation during the warmest season played a pivotal role in the adaptation to climate changes. Loci associated with drought tolerance and anti‐ultraviolet radiation were identified, suggesting local adaptation ofR. humeanato alpine environments.Main conclusionsThese results suggest that the current genetic structure and diversity ofR. humeanawere shaped by Quaternary climate fluctuations and persistence of microrefugia in the Hengduan Mountains. The results further suggest thatR. humeanacan survive in future refugia within the area where the warmest quarter precipitation is higher than 560 mm, and local adaptation to drought tolerance may be beneficial for its acclimation to future climate changes.
A modified Tet‐ON system minimizing leaky expression for cell‐type specific gene induction in medaka fish
Authors: Hosoya Osamu , Chung Myung , Ansai Satoshi , Takeuchi Hideaki , Miyaji Mary 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Tet‐ON system is an important molecular tool for temporally and spatially‐controlled inducible gene expression. Here, we developed a Tet‐ON system to induce transgene expression specifically in the rod photoreceptors of medaka fish. Our modified reverse tetracycline‐controlled transcriptional transactivator (rtTAm) with 5 amino acid substitutions dramatically improved the leakiness of the transgene in medaka fish. We generated a transgenic line carrying a self‐reporting vector with the rtTAm gene driven by the Xenopus rhodopsin promoter and a tetracycline response element (TRE) followed by the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene. We demonstrated that GFP fluorescence was restricted to the rod photoreceptors in the presence of doxycycline in larval fish (9 days post‐fertilization). The GFP fluorescence intensity was enhanced with longer durations of doxycycline treatment up to 72 h and in a dose‐dependent manner (5–45 μg/ml). These findings demonstrate that the Tet‐ON system using rtTAm allows for spatiotemporal control of transgene expression, at least in the rod photoreceptors, in medaka fish.
CONVALESCENT plasma for COVID‐19: A meta‐analysis of clinical trials and real‐world evidence
Authors: Kloypan Chiraphat , Saesong Matthanaporn , Sangsuemoon Juthamat , Chantharit Prawat , Mongkhon Pajaree 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is still a lack of consensus on the efficacy of convalescent plasma (CP) treatment in COVID‐19 patients. We performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to investigate the efficacy of CP vs standard treatment/non‐CP on clinical outcomes in COVID‐19 patients.MethodsCochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from December 2019 to 16 July 2021, for data from clinical trials and observational studies. The primary outcome was all‐cause mortality. Risk estimates were pooled using a random‐effect model. Risk of bias was assessed by Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for clinical trials and Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale for observational studies.ResultsIn total, 18 peer‐reviewed clinical trials, 3 preprints and 26 observational studies met the inclusion criteria. In the meta‐analysis of 18 peer‐reviewed trials, CP use had a 31% reduced risk of all‐cause mortality compared with standard treatment use (pooled risk ratio [RR] = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.56‐0.86, P = .001, I2 = 50.1%). Based on severity and region, CP treatment significantly reduced risk of all‐cause mortality in patients with severe and critical disease and studies conducted in Asia, pooled RR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.47‐0.81, P = .001, I2 = 0.0%; pooled RR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.49‐0.92, P = .013, I2 = 0.0%; and pooled RR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.48‐0.80, P < .001, I2 = 20.3%, respectively. The meta‐analysis of observational studies showed the similar results to the clinical trials.ConclusionsConvalescent plasma use was associated with reduced risk of all‐cause mortality in severe or critical COVID‐19 patients. However, the findings were limited with a moderate degree of heterogeneity. Further studies with well‐designed and larger sample size are needed.
First record of the mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and its seven parasitoids and five predators in Morocco
Authors: El Aalaoui Mohamed , Sbaghi Mohamed 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPhenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is the most important scale pest of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) around the world and has emerged as an important pest on a wide range of host plants in many countries. This scale insect was first detected in Morocco in 2020 during sampling in a cactus crop in the Benni Mellal region (32° 20′ N, 6° 21′ W) and has also been found on many other non‐cultivated host plants, such as purslane (Portulaca oleracea). The endoparasitoids Aprostocetus mymaridis (Eulophidae: Hymenoptera), Anagyrus aligarhensis, Anagyrus sp., Leptomastix epona, Metaphycus sp. (Encyrtidae: Hymenoptera), Trissolcus basalis (Scelionidae: Hymenoptera) and Asobara persimilis (Braconidae: Hymenoptera) were recorded from mummies of P. solenopsis. The predators Scymnus nubilus, Scymnus interruptus and Hippodamia convergens (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), and Orius niger and Geocoris megacephalus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) were also found associated with the mealybug. This short paper reports the first record of P. solenopsis and its natural enemies in Morocco. Methods for sampling, preparation, preservation and identification are described.
Genomic signatures of artificial selection in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas
Authors: Hu Boyang , Tian Yuan , Li Qi , Liu Shikai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is an important aquaculture shellfish around the world with great economic and ecological value. Selective breeding programs have been carried out globally to improve production and performance traits, while genomic signatures of artificial selection remain largely unexplored. In China, we performed selective breeding of C. gigas for over a decade, leading to production of several fast‐growing strains. In the present study, we conducted whole‐genome resequencing of 20 oysters from two fast‐growing strains that have been successively selected for 10 generations, and 20 oysters from the two corresponding wild populations. Sequencing depth of >10× was achieved for each sample, leading to identification of over 12.20 million SNPs. The population structures investigated with three independent methods (principal component analysis, phylogenetic tree, and structure) suggested distinct patterns among selected and wild oyster populations. Assessment of the linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay clearly indicated the changes in genetic diversity during selection. Fixation index (Fst) combined with cross‐population composite likelihood ratio (XP‐CLR) allowed for identification of 768 and 664 selective sweeps (encompassing 1042 and 872 genes) tightly linked to selection in the two fast‐growing strains. KEGG enrichment and functional analyses revealed that 33 genes are important for growth regulation, which act as key components of various signaling pathways with close connection and further take part in regulating the process of cell cycle. This work provides valuable information for the understanding of genomic signatures for long‐term selective breeding and will also be important for growth study and genome‐assisted breeding of the Pacific oyster in the future.
High glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing two protein levels contribute to poor prognosis in urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Chen Tzu‐Ju , Chan Ti‐Chun , Li Chien‐Feng , Dilshan Sampath Dissanayaka Dissanayakage , Kianpour Maryam , He Hong‐Lin , Huang Steven K , Li Wan‐Shan , Chen Nai‐Yu , Shiue Yow‐Ling 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveTo examine the expression levels of the glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 and its clinical implications in urothelial carcinoma patients.MethodsData mining, immunohistochemistry together with H‐score calculation was carried out to evaluate the glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 levels on tissue specimens from urothelial carcinoma patients, retrospectively. Correlations between glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 H‐score and imperative clinicopathological factors were measured. The indication of glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 level on disease‐specific and metastasis‐free survivals were next analyzed.ResultsIn upper tract urothelial carcinomas (n = 340) and bladder urothelial carcinomas (n = 295), 170 (50%) and 148 (50%) patients, respectively, were identified to have high glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 expression. The glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 levels were correlated to several clinicopathological characteristics and patient survival. Upregulation of the glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 was correlated to primary tumor (P < 0.001), nodal metastasis (P < 0.001), histological grade (P < 0.001), vascular invasion (P < 0.001), perineural invasion (P < 0.05) and mitotic rate (P < 0.001). High glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 levels independently predicted poor disease‐specific survival (P = 0.049) and metastasis‐free survival (P = 0.008) in upper tract urothelial carcinoma and urinary bladder urothelial carcinoma, respectively. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis additionally showed that multiple biological processes were enriched including “ECM organization” (Gene Ontology:0030198), “extracellular structure organization” (Gene Ontology:0043062), “biological adhesion” (Gene Ontology:0022610), “cell adhesion” (Gene Ontology:0007155), “collagen fibril organization” (Gene Ontology:0030199) and “vasculature development” (Gene Ontology:0001944).ConclusionsThe present findings suggest that upregulation of the glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 is an independent and disadvantageous prognosticator in urothelial carcinoma. High glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing protein 2 level might play a crucial role in progression of urothelial carcinoma.
El largo discurso sobre la informalidad reflejado en algunos artículos de la Revista Internacional del Trabajo
Authors: KANBUR Ravi 
Published: August 2021

ResumenEste artículo es una introducción al presente número monográfico sobre la informalidad, inscrito en la colección del centenario de la Revista Internacional del Trabajo (RIT). Se recogen aquí diez artículos dedicados exclusivamente al análisis de la informalidad, que aparecieron en la RIT entre 1975 y 2016. La introducción se inicia con un marco analítico, seguido de un examen de los orígenes del discurso de la informalidad y una lectura crítica de los artículos seleccionados en su contexto bibliográfico, a través de una serie de referencias ilustrativas, y concluye mirando al futuro, a lo que nos depararán los próximos decenios de análisis y discurso de políticas.
Biogeographic drivers of community assembly on oceanic islands: The importance of archipelago structure and history
Authors: Aguilée Robin , Pellerin Félix , Soubeyrand Maxence , Choin Jeremy , Thébaud Christophe 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimAccounting for geo‐environmental dynamics is crucial to understand community assembly across islands. Whittaker et al. (J Biogeogr, 35:977–994, 2008)’s General Dynamic Model (GDM) aims towards this goal. Yet, it does not explicitly consider that most islands belong to archipelagos. We examined how island biodiversity dynamics are influenced by the interaction of eco‐evolutionary processes acting at the archipelago level with each island's geo‐environmental dynamics.LocationHypothetical archipelagos.TaxonAny.MethodsWe used an individual‐based model, ecologically neutral within the archipelago. Several islands emerge in succession with a typical volcanic ontogeny. We considered both mainland and inter‐island dispersal. Geographically isolated lineages diverged over time, possibly speciating.ResultsWe found diversity to be at dynamic equilibrium. In an archipelago, islands hosted more diversity and more endemic species, at both island and archipelago levels, than an equivalently‐sized single isolated island. This was due to an ‘archipelago effect’: inter‐island dispersal increased within‐island diversity through species occurrence on multiple islands; species may undergo anagenetic changes on the colonised islands, eventually speciating, thereby increasing archipelago diversity. Biodiversity dynamics of different islands may differ even on islands with identical geo‐environmental dynamics because the archipelago effect varied over time and affected each island differently (‘history effect’). By accounting for these effects, we predicted detectable deviations from the GDM predictions, which are largest for remote archipelagos, with islands located close together and with an intermediate time of island emergence. In linear stepping‐stone archipelagos, we predicted higher diversity on centrally located islands.Main conclusionsOur results demonstrate that analyses of insular biodiversity data would greatly benefit from explicitly accounting for both archipelago and history effects. We suggest incorporating variables characterising the spatio‐temporal structure of the whole archipelago. We discuss possible difficulties in distinguishing between the archipelago effect and equilibrium diversity dynamics.
“Retained wire femoral lead removal and fibroplasty” for obtaining venous access in patients with refractory venous obstruction
Authors: Brar Vijaywant , Worley Seth J. , Eldadah Zayd , O′Donoghue Susan , Makanjee Bhavanesh , Steen Torkel , Bansal Sandeep , Oza Saumil 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients with wire and catheter refractory venous occlusion are traditionally referred for pectoral transvenous lead extraction (TLE) to obtain venous access. TLE causes 1–2 mm circumferential mechanical or laser destruction of tissue surrounding the lead(s). This not only exposes the patient to the risk of major complications but also can damage nontargeted leads. We present a series of patients where retained wire femoral lead removal and fibroplasty was used to obtain venous access in patients with refractory obstruction.MethodsBetween 2008 and 2021, we identified 17 patients where retained wire lead removal followed by fibroplasty was used to retain venous access. Demographic and procedural data were obtained by retrospective review of patient charts.ResultsWe were able to successfully obtain venous access in all 17 patients in whom this technique was attempted. In two patients the target lead was less than or equal to 1 year old. In the remaining 15 patients, the average dwell time of the target lead(s) was 6 years. There were no procedure‐related complications, and no changes in the parameters of other leads were noted.ConclusionRetained wire femoral lead removal and fibroplasty is safe and highly efficacious at obtaining venous access in patients with refractory venous occlusion. If the target lead(s) is less than or equal to 1 year old, this technique can help obtain venous access at the time of the initial surgery, hence avoiding the need for TLE. Furthermore, in patients referred for TLE to obtain venous access, this technique by avoiding the use of TLE tools spares the patient of the associated risks.