bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pine fruit as a media for planting white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus)
Authors: Taskirawati I , Askar A , Baharuddin  
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Oyster mushroom is a wood fungus that can grow naturally on dead or weathered trees (saprophytes). The commonly used planting medium for oyster mushroom cultivation is sawn waste from various trees. However, considering the high rate of deforestation, ranging from illegal logging, forest burning, and conversion of forest land functions, it is necessary to make substitutions in terms of the leading media for the growth of oyster mushrooms. In this study, pine fruit is the primary medium for the growth of oyster mushrooms to add alternative materials for growing oyster mushrooms. This study aims to determine the potential of pine fruit as a growth medium for oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) by the soaking method using two treatments, namely cold and hot water immersion. In cold water samples, the pine cone powder was soaked for five days, seven days, and nine days for hot water soaked for 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours. The research procedure started preparing oyster mushroom growth media, inoculation, maintenance and growth, and harvesting. The results showed that oyster mushrooms could grow at media soaking in hot water for 2 hours (P2) and 3 hours (P3). Treatments P2 and P3 took 78 days and 105 days, respectively, to grow oyster mushrooms.
Species Composition, and Diversity of Mataram University Green Open Space, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Latifah S , Valentino N , Permata Sari D , Sari BSA 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMataram university green open space (GOS) is one of the partial green open spaces (GOS) approaches that can be used to conserve endemic germplasm as well to fulfil the proportion and distribution of urban forests. This research aims to describe the species composition, and diversity including the authenticity of Flora Malesiana in this area. We used a census method (100% measurement) to identify the species and measured the diameter and height of all tree species with the diameter of more than 2 cm. The results showed that the 99 species belonged to 85 Genera, 39 families with a composition of 61 species (61.62%) including the flora Malesiana and 38 species (38.38%) including exotic species. Based on IVI analysis showed thatPtychosperma macarthuriidominated at the sapling level whileSwietenia mahagonidominated at the pole and tree levels. The H’ of diversity is in the medium category with the sapling level has the highest value (3.42).
Diagnostics of changes in the stress-strain state of the massif after earthquakes by geodetic methods
Authors: Panzhin A A , Koptiakov D A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The results of diagnostics of changes in the stress-strain state of the massif during the earthquake in the region of Katav-Ivanovsk in September 2018 are presented. The data were obtained as a result of a study of regional geodynamics using permanent stations of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) of the Urals. The numerical values of the amplitudes of changes in coordinates, the distribution of displacements and deformations of the rock mass have been determined.
The short-term tsunami forecast
Authors: Korolev Yu P 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A brief overview of the methods of a tsunami early warning in the Kuril Islands, which turned out to be ineffective during recent events, is presented. A hydrophysical method for short-term tsunami forecasting based on information about a tsunami in the ocean, used in the United States, and an express method, also using information about a tsunami in the ocean, are briefly described. The results of the retrospective forecast of the tsunami that occured on March 11, 2011, by the express method are presented.
The hindcast of recent tsunamis in Northern Pacific
Authors: Korolev P , Korolev Yu , Loskutov A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Three earthquakes occurred in the North Pacific in 2020, causing observable tsunamis. The tsunamis were not devastating. Numerical modelling of tsunami propagation was performed to reproduce operational forecasting (retrospective analysis) of waveforms at deep-water stations. Direct calculation of tsunami using USGS finite-fault source data on GPU was carried out. The leap-frog (Arakawa staggered grid) scheme calculation over the Pacific Ocean on a regular grid with a spatial step of 0.5 arc minutes of 1440 min (1 day) tsunami propagation was performed in approximately 90 min of computer time. With use of a hybrid cluster with several GPU accelerators and proper optimization of the simulation algorithm, this time can be reduced by tens of times. Consequently, the time for estimating the transfer function will be comparable to the travel time of a tsunami to the stations, where the forecasts data is. It will make possible to forecast the shape of a tsunami at any point with a lead time enough to decide for tsunami alert at sites where a tsunami poses a real danger. The calculation results are in good agreement with the real data of deep-ocean measurements. The quality of the forecast is comparable to the quality of calculations by other methods.
Comparative analyses of changes in the ice cover of the Tatar Strait in relation to 1961-1990 and 1991-2020 climate normals
Authors: Zarubina D V , Pishchalnik V M , Romanyuk V A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Current warming in the Northern Hemisphere has encompassed not only the surface atmosphere, but also manifested itself in a change in the state of the sea ice cover, as an integral part of the climate system. One of the indicators of the warming was a reduction in ice cover observed in the water area of the Far Eastern seas since the late 1980s. The prospective areas of hydrocarbon deposits discovered in the Tatar Strait, as well as the existing needs for the transportation of hydrocarbons along the shipping routes in the strait, led to the emerging interest in researching the ice regime of the Sea of Japan in the modern climatic era. The proposed paper analyses the changes in ice cover of the Tatar Strait in relation to 1961–1990 and 1991–2020 climate normals. The regularities of the long-term variability of ice cover within non-overlapping 30-year periods were revealed. The analysis of the dynamics of ice cover anomalies, calculated for each normal separately, was carried out. An assessment of the distribution of winter types in the periods under study was carried out. The characteristic features of variations in the intra-seasonal course of ice cover and the dates of the onset of ice phases in different types of winters were identified.
Search for hydrogeochemical indicators of the genetic relation between mud volcanism and oil and gas fields
Authors: Nikitenko O A , Ershov V V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The paper reports the results of a comparative analysis of the chemical and isotope composition (δ180 and δD) of mud volcanic waters and formation waters from oil and gas fields. Studies show that the waters discharged by mud volcanoes in most cases are very similar to formation waters. The most characteristic geochemical traits of both waters are elevated concentrations of hydrocarbonate ions, iodine, boron, bromine, and a low content of sulfate ions.
Specificity of the products of Tyatya volcano eruption in 1973
Authors: Veselov O V , Kazakov A I , Kozlov D N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Based on 198 determinations of the complete silicate analysis of Tyatya volcano (Kunashir Island), we compared the data of the latter (1973) and all previous eruptions to reveal their differences and determine the evolution of Tyatya volcanism in the Holocene. The application of the estimation of the thermobaric parameters of the upper mantle magma chamber of the volcano made it possible to determine the temperature decrease in the magma chamber in 1973. An assumption was made about the polycyclic magmatic activity of the Tyatya volcano. The results of statistical processing of data on the thickness of tephra and the size of its fragments from the 1973 eruption are presented. Polynomial regressions of various degrees are applied. Models of tephra distribution based on three-dimensional trend analysis have been constructed. The results of the study are recommended for the creation of information databases on the petrochemistry of eruption products and the distribution of pyroclastics from volcanoes in the Kuril Island arc.
The shores of the contact zone of the Subarctic and moderately cold seas
Authors: Afanasev V V , Uba A V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Longitude sectorality and latitudinal zonality of morpholithogenesis on the coast of Sakhalin is the result of the unique geographical position of the island, which is a zone of mutual influences and interactions of neighboring geosystems of the subarctic Sea of Okhotsk and the moderately cold northern part of the Sea of Japan – a contact geographical structure. Based on the digitizing of maps of morphogenetic types of shores, modern morpholithodynamic settings and lithological complexes of the coast, geomorphological and morphodynamic differences of the shores of Sakhalin Island are shown, the eastern shores of which have a subarctic appearance, and the western shores are washed by the temperate sea.
Coastal dynamics of the Gulf of Kalamita (Western Crimea)
Authors: Agarkova-Lyakh I V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The performed research showed that since the first third of the 20th century until today the beach width at various sections of the Gulf of Kalamita has decreased two-to fourfold, and at some of them beaches have totally disappeared. The average coast erosion rate for the last 100 years has been 1.3 m/yr, with the maximum being 7.8 m/yr. These processes are accompanied with depletion of debris on the beach and underwater slope, erosion of bench deposits, and destruction of coastal structures. This is due to deficiency of beach-forming material resulted from intense economic management in the coastal area. Implementation of scientifically and technically sound coastal protection projects is essential to preserve the beaches of the Gulf of Kalamita.
Integrity of risk indicators of hazardous natural processes (on the example of the Krasnodar Krai)
Authors: Lyubimova T V , Bondarenko N A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The problem of assessing risk indicators of hazardous natural processes as the basis for sustainable development of the region arises due to the peculiarities of the geological structure of the territory of Krasnodar Krai. The work is based on a comprehensive assessment of the geological conditions of the territory of Krasnodar Krai with the use of a systematic approach. A list of characteristic natural processes that pose the greatest danger to capital constructions was determined: in the mountainous part – erosion processes, on the plain – soil subsidence and associated landforms. Then, schematic maps were compiled and the geological component of the risk (its spatial-areal indicator) was determined. Subsequently, to compare these maps, overlay operations were performed, as a result of which the spatial characteristics of ARC/INFO layers were combined into a new layer and relational join of their attribute data was carried out. Adding the risks of each parameter made it possible to rank the territory into 4 zones according to the degree of integral risk of manifestation of natural processes.
Adventive component flora of the southern part of Sakhalin Island
Authors: Lozhnikova O O 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article is devoted to the adventive flora of the southern part of Sakhalin Island. Nowadays, 274 species of adventive plants, belonging to 192 genera and 57 families, have been identified here. Five families (Amaranthaceae, Cannabaceae, Commelinaceae, Linaceae, and Malvaceae) are represented by invasive species only. The structure of the leading families and genera is analyzed, the participation of adventive species information of plant communities is indicated. Adventive species are classified into life forms, method of entering and degree of naturalization.
Steppe communities within the coast of the Taman Peninsula
Authors: Pikalova N A , Krylenko S V , Volkova T A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of field research in 2019–2020 of plant communities of the abrasive coast of the Taman Peninsula. The biomorphological structure of populations is dominated by annual species, which indicates a high dynamism associated with exogenous processes. Ecologically, the dominant species are xerophytes and xeromesophytes, as well as species with a wide eco-amplitude. The process of unification of the studied flora is low and amounted to 17 %. The generalized floristic list includes 231 plant species from 48 families. In the study area, 7 species of Red Book plants were found, of which 2 species were included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation.
Biodiversity of the flora of vascular plants of the Makarovsky Nature Reserve on Sakhalin Island
Authors: Sabirova N D , Sabirov R N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article is devoted to the research results concerning the flora of vascular plants of the Makarovsky Nature Reserve situated in the middle part of Sakhalin Island. Nowadays, 407 species of vascular plants have been identified on its territory, and 26.8 % of the total number of taxa known on the island. Among them, 13 species of rare plants included in the Red Data Book of the Sakhalin Region have been identified. The structure of the leading families and genera is indicated, the flora is analyzed by life forms, geographical elements and ecological-cenotic groups.
Structural deviations in secondary phloem of young shoots of Spiraea beauverdiana near magma volcanoes
Authors: Vatserionova E O , Kopanina A V , Vlasova I I 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We performed a comparative analysis of the internal structure of the secondary phloem of one, two and three-year-old stems of Spiraea beauverdiana growing in extreme conditions of solfataric fields of Golovnin Volcano caldera and Mendeleyev Volcano and in normal conditions. The combination of environmental factors in conditions of solfataric activity, such as high temperatures in the soil and in the near-surface air, as well as saturation with gases toxic to plants, rare elements accumulating in the nearby substrate, and lack of soil moisture, interfere with normal phellogen and cambium activity. Deviations from the normal structure involve changes in the following parameters of the internal structure of a year-old stem of S. beauverdiana. Secondary phloem parameters in the studied habitats are normal, except for the length of the segments of sieve tubes, the height of single-row rays, the length of parenchymal girder; these are shorter in S. beauverdiana stems from volcanos. At two and three years of age in volcanic conditions we see reduction in the width of the secondary phloem (both conductive and non-conductive) and the diameter of the segments of sieve tubes. In samples from Golovnin Volcano we see reduction in tangential diameter, while in the samples from Mendeleyev Volcano it’s the radial diameter. We also see reduction in the height of multiple-row rays. At that age we see changes in the structure of the radial parenchyma; namely, we find no double-row rays in samples from Golovnin Volcano caldera. One of the signs of impact of volcanic activity on the bark structure is development of non-specific anomalies in the internal structure of the S. beauverdiana bark, namely, in the outer bark, or in deeper levels, such as the secondary phloem. That causes sclerification and dilatation of parenchyma, and multiple layers in some tissues.
A Monte Carlo investigation of some important radiation parameters and tissue equivalency for photons below 1 keV in human tissues
Authors: Mohammad Rafiei Mustafa , Parsaei Sara , Kaur Parminder , Singh K J , Büyükyıldız Mehmet , Kurudirek Murat 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The attenuation coefficients are important input values in estimating not only the dose and exposure in radiotherapy and medical imaging, but also in the proper design of photon shields. While studies are widely available above 1 keV, the attenuation coefficients of human tissues for photon energies less than 1 keV have not been studied yet. In this study, the attenuation coefficients of water and some human tissues were estimated for low energy photons using the MCNP6.1 code in the energy region 0.1 keV–1 keV. Mass attenuation coefficients were estimated at photon energies of 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950 and 1000 eV for water and ten human tissues (Soft, Breast, Lung, Bone, Brain, Eye lens, Ovary, Skin, Thyroid and Prostate). Results were compared with those available in literature and a fairly good agreement has been obtained. These data were then used to calculate the mean free path, half value layer, tenth value layer, effective atomic number and specific gamma-ray constant (useful for calculation of dose rate) as well. Moreover, for comparison the effective atomic number of the water has been obtained using the results of this work and using the data available in NIST database from 0.1 to 1 keV. In addition, the human tissues were compared with some tissue equivalent materials in terms of effective atomic number and specific gamma-ray constant to study the tissue equivalency from the results, the muscle-equivalent liquid with sucrose has been found to be the best tissue equivalent material for soft tissue, eye lens and brain with relative difference below 4.1%.
Influence of Cenosphere on Compression After Impact Strength of Glass Epoxy Laminates
Authors: Rajendran Balaji , Kumar P K Dinesh 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Under controlled lab settings, two distinct laminates, one containing cenosphere and the other with neat resin, were evaluated for impact strength using a Fractovis impact machine, compression, and Compression After Impact (CAI) strengths through Tinus Olsen UTM. The GFRP laminates were prepared with 16 layers of glass fiber combined with epoxy resin reinforced Cenospheres at concentrations of 1, 3 and 5 wt%, according to ASTM specifications. The dominant failure mode controlling the specimen’s compression ultimate load resistance, and other failure modes of impacted specimens such like fiber pull-out and debonding, were found to be the effects of delamination using coupled coustic emission (AE) monitoring and compression tests. On specimens with a 3 wt% filler additive, there was a noticeable increase in strength. Both impacted and non-impacted samples exhibited significant compression ultimate load resistances, with the 3 wt% filler impregnated specimen having the maximum.
Comparison of a Novel Silicone Gel Wound Dressing vs Bacitracin After Follicular Unit Extraction Hair Transplantation
Authors: James Isaac B , Turer David M , DiBernardo Barry E 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Follicular unit extraction (FUE) hair transplantation subjects are excellent candidates to assess wound dressings. The wound surface area is large and adequately delineated to allow randomization, while in-patient split scalp designs allow patients to serve as their own controls.

Objectives
This randomized, single-blinded, split-scalp comparison trial compares a novel, film-forming silicone gel—Stratamed (SM; Stratpharma AG, Basel, Switzerland)—to Bacitracin (Bac; McKesson Medical-Surgical Inc., Richmond, VA) in subjects undergoing FUE.

Methods
Twenty subjects were randomized to receive SM and Bac on alternating sides of the scalp. Primary outcome measures included blinded clinician assessments of edema, erythema, crusting, healing response and outcome preference. Secondary measures included subject-reported assessments of pain and pruritis as well as FaceQ scores taken at post-FUE days two through six.

Results
Twenty subjects were enrolled. Nineteen completed the trial. All subjects were non-smokers, and none had medical comorbidities expected to impact wound healing. An average of 1778 follicles per subject were harvested. No adverse events were reported, and all subjects healed by day 7. Healing response and outcome preference were significantly higher at day 1 in the SM group and by day 7, both groups were similar. There were no significant differences between groups for edema, erythema, or crusting. There were no significant differences between groups for subject-reported outcomes of pain, pruritis, or FACE-Q scores. When asked which product they preferred using, 44% of subjects preferred using SM versus 22% who preferred Bac.

Conclusions
The SM wound dressing was well-tolerated in patients undergoing FUE. SM may speed the healing response in the early phase of wound healing.

Level of Evidence: 2
Rare variant association tests for ancestry-matched case-control data based on conditional logistic regression
Authors: Cheng Shanshan , Lyu Jingjing , Shi Xian , Wang Kai , Wang Zengmiao , Deng Minghua , Sun Baoluo , Wang Chaolong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With the increasing volume of human sequencing data available, analysis incorporating external controls becomes a popular and cost-effective approach to boost statistical power in disease association studies. To prevent spurious association due to population stratification, it is important to match the ancestry backgrounds of cases and controls. However, rare variant association tests based on a standard logistic regression model are conservative when all ancestry-matched strata have the same case-control ratio and might become anti-conservative when case-control ratio varies across strata. Under the conditional logistic regression (CLR) model, we propose a weighted burden test (CLR-Burden), a variance component test (CLR-SKAT) and a hybrid test (CLR-MiST). We show that the CLR model coupled with ancestry matching is a general approach to control for population stratification, regardless of the spatial distribution of disease risks. Through extensive simulation studies, we demonstrate that the CLR-based tests robustly control type 1 errors under different matching schemes and are more powerful than the standard Burden, SKAT and MiST tests. Furthermore, because CLR-based tests allow for different case-control ratios across strata, a full-matching scheme can be employed to efficiently utilize all available cases and controls to accelerate the discovery of disease associated genes.