bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green synthesis of copper nanoparticles: a promising solution for drug resistance and cancer therapy challenges
Authors: Krishna Anand G. , Sahana S. , Venkatesan H. , Arul Vettrivel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Green synthesis techniques have drawn a lot of interest lately since they are beneficial to the environment and have potential uses in a variety of industries, including biomedicine. Because of their special physicochemical characteristics, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) have become one of the most interesting options for use in biological applications among nanomaterials. An overview of green synthesis methods for CuNPs is given in this review, along with a discussion of their applications in cancer therapeutics. The benefits and drawbacks of certain green synthesis techniques, such as plant-mediated, microorganism-mediated, and other environmentally friendly processes, are discussed. Moreover, a thorough discussion is given of CuNPs’ biological uses, including their antibacterial activity, anticancer potential, drug transport, and bioimaging capabilities. Furthermore, difficulties and prospects for the application of green-synthesised CuNPs in biomedicine are discussed.
Unveiling the Hidden Dangers: The Impact of Blue Light on Skin Health and Aging
Authors: Szerej Krzysztof , Kot Alicja , Wojtczak Marta , Myśliwiec Natalia , Różycki Adrian , Pniak Michał , Miklis Paweł , Mawlichanów Maciej , Ciesielska Aleksandra , Sieradzka Aleksandra 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Deeper into the skin than UV radiation, blue light (400–490 nm) a component of the visible spectrum induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, and early aging. Its long-term effects on skin health remain understudied given growing exposure from digital devices.

The aim of this study: The objective of the review is to investigate how blue light affects skin by means of UV radiation comparison, vulnerability identification, and evaluation of mitigating techniques including sunscreens, antioxidants, and behavioral modification.

The materials and methods used: Synthesized were data from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies using materials and techniques. Advanced imaging, spectrophotometry, and biopsies under controlled blue light exposure allowed one to quantify cellular and molecular damage including ROS generation and collagen degradation.

Conclusion: In essence, blue light fuels oxidative stress, pigment problems, and skin aging. Among the effective mitigating techniques are lifestyle changes, advanced photoprotection, and antioxidant-rich skincare. Future studies will help to solve chronic exposure issues and enhance protective strategies.
Sporcularda dirençli ve dirençsiz pliometrik antrenmanların depresyon üzerine etkisi
Authors: Topal Dilek , Gül  Özkaya Yaşar 
Published: December 2024

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışmadaki amaç iki farklı yöntemle uygulanan pliometrik antrenman programının depresyon puanı üzerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya 15-18 yaş aralığında 31 genç basketbol sporcusu dahil olmuştur. Araştırmaya katılan sporcular kontrol (K), pliometrik (P) ve ağırlık yeleği kullanarak uygulanan dirençli pliometrik (A) ve olmak üzere 3 gruba ayrılmıştır. Her 3 grup da 12 haftalık rutin basketbol antrenmana dahil edilmiştir. K grubu sadece rutin basketbol, P grubu vücut ağırlığı kullanarak pliometrik, A grubu ise ağırlık yeleği ile birlikte pliometrik antrenman uygulamıştır. Sporcuların Beck Depresyon Envanteri kullanılarak depresyon skorları belirlenmiştir. Envanter, 12 haftalık antrenmanın öncesinde ve 12 haftalık antrenman sonunda uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen veri ortalama + SS olarak sunulmuş, ölçümler arası karşılaştırma t testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Gruplar arası karşılaştırmada ise varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada istatistiksel olarak anlamlılık düzeyi (p<0.05) kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmadan elde edilen veriler incelendiğinde K grubunda depresyon puanları karşılaştırıldığında ön-son test arasında farklılık olmadığı, fakat dirençli ve dirençsiz yapılan antrenman grubunda son test ölçüm sonuçlarında depresyon puanlarının istatistiksel olarak azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmada genç sporculara 12 hafta uygulanan dirençli ve dirençsiz antrenmanın sporcuların depresyon puanını düşürdüğü tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar kelimeler: Genç Sporcu, Ağırlık Antrenmanı, beck depresyon, pliometrik antrenman
Efektivitas Biosorpsi Logam Berat Ni(II) Menggunakan Saccharomyces cerevisiae Terimobilisasi Pada Natrium Alginat
Authors: Setiawan Adhi , Rahmawati Devi Ayu , Novitrie Nora Amelia , Dermawan Denny 
Published: December 2024

Kandungan logam berat Nikel(II) yang dihasilkan dari aktifitas industri berpotensi menyebabkan pencemaran sumber daya air yang berbahaya bagi makluk hidup dan lingkungan. Penggunaan biomassa Saccharomyces cerevisiae terimobilisasi natrium alginat sebagai adsorben merupakan alternatif pengolahan yang murah dan efektif dalam menurunkan kandungan logam berat NI(II) di dalam air limbah. Imobilisasi dilakukan untuk meningkatkan stabilitas partikel biomassa dan meningkatkan kinerja proses penyerapan logam berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik biosorben serta pengaruh pH, waktu kontak dan konsentrasi awal terhadap efisiensi penyisihan logam Ni(II). Proses adsorpsi dilakukan dengan sistem batch menggunakan variasi pH (3, 5, 6), waktu kontak (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 menit), dan konsentrasi awal Ni(II) (25, 50, 75, 100 mg/L). Biosorben dikarakterisasi menggunakan FTIR dan SEM-EDX. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil efisiensi penyisihan Ni(II) optimum diperoleh pada kondisi pH larutan 6, waktu kontak 75 menit, dan konsentrasi awal Ni(II) 100 mg/L yaitu sebesar 82,77%. The heavy metal content Ni(II) produced from industrial activities has the potential to cause water resources to be polluted, which is dangerous for living creatures and the environment. Saccharomyces cerevisiae biomass immobilized with sodium alginate as an adsorbent is a cheap and effective treatment alternative in reducing wastewater's heavy metal NI(II) content. Immobilization is carried out to increase the stability of biomass particles and improve the performance of the heavy metal absorption process. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of biosorbents as well as the effect of pH, contact time, and initial concentration on the removal efficiency of Ni(II) metal. The adsorption process was carried out with a batch system using variations of pH (3, 5, 6), contact time (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 minutes), and initial concentration of Ni(II) (25, 50, 75, 100 mg/L). The biosorbent was characterized using FTIR and SEM-EDX. The results showed that the optimum removal efficiency of Ni(II) was obtained in the condition of solution pH 6, contact time 75 minutes, and initial concentration of Ni(II) 100 mg/L, which amounted to 82.77%.
Physiological evaluation of nano DAP on growth and yield of tomato
Authors: Keerthana S , Rajavel M , Senthil A , Prasanthrajan M , Sivakumar V 
Published: December 2024

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), a solanaceous crop, is widely cultivated worldwide. This study evaluates the impact of Nano DAP (diammonium phosphate) on morpho-physiological traits, biochemical properties, yield, and quality parameters. Eight treatments comprising varying proportions of DAP and Nano DAP were evaluated for traits including plant height, leaf area, chlorophyll index, total dry matter production, gas exchange parameters, leaf soluble protein, total soluble solids (TSS), ascorbic acid, titratable acidity, firmness and fruit yield. The hybrid tomato variety 'Shivam' was cultivated in pot culture under a glasshouse at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, using a completely randomized design with five replications. Foliar sprays with different proportions of nano DAP and DAP were applied 30 and 45 days after transplanting. Among the treatments, 75% RDNP (recommended nitrogen and phosphorus dose) combined with two foliar sprays of nano DAP @ 0.7% (T5) significantly increased plant height (48.90 cm and 54.31 cm), chlorophyll index (40.05 and 42.15), dry matter production (55.45 g plant?¹), TSS (5.52 Brix), fruit production, and ascorbic acid content. This treatment also improved gas exchange parameters, fruit firmness, and overall `growth and productivity compared to other treatments. Conversely, the absolute control group demonstrated the lowest performance across all parameters. The study highlights that combining both conventional fertilizers with Nano DAP considerably improves tomato growth by enhancing nutrient absorption, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, which are essential for cell division, photosynthesis, and energy transfer. Nano DAP, due to its small particle size and large surface area, effectively penetrates plant tissues, increasing nutrient availability, chlorophyll content, and plant height. These findings underscore the potential of Nano DAP to substantially enhance tomato yield and quality, thereby contributing to sustainable crop production.
Silicon as a key driver of phytolith and phytolith-occluded carbon sequestration for climate change mitigation in rice ecosystems - a review
Authors: Manonmani M , Christy Nirmala Mary P , Sheeba S , Raghavan T , Amutha R , Jasmine R , Jayabalakrishnan R M , Murugaragavan R , Ramamoorthy P , Rajkumar K 
Published: December 2024

Anthropogenic activities raise the atmosphere greenhouse gases especially carbon dioxide caveat Global warming and climate change in recent years. Silica is one of the principal elements in the earth crust and consider as an important source for plant growth and development. Silica is absorbed as mono silicic acid (H4SiO4) deposit as opal stone / Phytolith in the cellular spaces and vascular bundles of the plant parts. The highest phytolith content of rice plant was observed in straw and incorporated into the soil during harvesting operation and acts as a resilience material. The Lsi1 and Lsi2 transporters along with major and secondary plant nutrients undergone polymerization with adsorbed Si for the formation of phytolith structure in rice. The rice Phytolith gives structural support, acts as a defence mechanism, imparts biotic and abiotic stresses, and nullifies the toxicity of some of the toxic metals and salinization of soil. Phytolith occluded carbon is formed by occlusion mechanism along with phytolith and other elements. PhytOC involves in geo chemical carbon cycle and climate change mitigation process. During the past sixty years, the annual carbon sequestration varied between 0.81×106 and 3.88×106 Mg-e-CO2 and maximum of 37×108 Mg-e-CO2 within phytoliths of rice crop in China. Archaeology, paleo botany, geology and pale ecological research on Phytoliths are carried out, because silica is a base, non-degradable and preserve as microfossils. Use of silicon rich organic and inorganic sources enhances the Aboveground Net Primary Productivity (ANPP) and Phytolith C sequestration in the rice eco system.
Climatic and edaphic influences on productivity and carbon sequestration of farm grown teak (Tectona grandis, linn.f) in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Krishnan NS , Balasubramanian A , Sivaprakash M , Ravi R , Sivakumar B , Hari Prasath CN , Swathiga G , Manimaran V , Anjali KS 
Published: December 2024

Teak (Tectona grandis, Linn.f) is one of the most sought-after tree crops due to the exceptional quality and high market value of its timber. Currently, the Indian subcontinent imports a significant quantity of teak to meet its growing demand. The growth and wood quality of teak are influenced by edaphic and climatic variations across sites, a factor that has been largely underexplored in research. The primary objective of the study is to analyse teak growth, wood quality, and carbon sequestration potential under farmland condition. To address this, the study was conducted across three agroclimatic zones of Tamil Nadu: North Eastern Zone (NEZ), North Western Zone (NWZ), and Cauvery Delta Zone (CDZ), focusing specifically on farmland conditions. The analysis encompassed biometric attributes, volume, and carbon sequestration potential of farm-grown teak across different age classes. The findings of the study reveal that among the three agroclimatic zones, the NEZ (15-20 years age class) recorded the highest biometric attributes, including mid diameter (MD) (0.193 m), volume (0.379 m3), heartwood proportion (0.239 m3), and carbon sequestration (0.683 Mg/acre).. Based on the overall performance, trees in the 15-20 years age class exhibited superior heartwood formation under farmland conditions. Therefore, this age class is recommended for teak cultivation in farmland conditions across Tamil Nadu to maximize growth, wood quality, and carbon sequestration potential.
An Extremely Rare Case of Colonic Leiomyoma Disguised as Pedunculated Colonic Polyp
Authors: Pham Nguyen , Nguyen Elise Y , Jacob Noam 
Published: December 2024

Colonic leiomyoma is extremely rare and is endoscopically indistinguishable from gastrointestinal stromal tumor. We present a case of colonic leiomyoma disguised as a pedunculated colonic polyp in a 62-year-old male who underwent surveillance colonoscopy.
Relevansi Syarat Kesehatan Reproduksi Calon Pemimpin Negara Menurut Ulama Fiqh Siyasah Dan Hukum Positif Indonesia
Authors: Rabbani Muhammad Ayatullah , Masyrofah  
Published: December 2024

This article explores the reproductive health requirements for prospective state leaders according to Ibnu Khaldun and Al-Mawardi, and compares their views with Indonesian legislation. This issue is not explicitly regulated in Indonesian law, and it remains debatable whether reproductive health could impact a leader's ability to perform their duties. The research employs normative legal research with a qualitative approach, analyzing legal theory, history, philosophy, and comparisons. The findings reveal two key points: Ibnu Khaldun believes reproductive health is a necessary condition for state leaders, while Al-Mawardi disagrees, stating it does not hinder a leader’s duties. Furthermore, Al-Mawardi’s opinion aligns with Indonesian Election Law, which does not require reproductive health as a condition for candidates. The article concludes that voters should focus on a candidate’s leadership ability rather than reproductive health when electing a leader.

Artikel ini membahas persyaratan kesehatan reproduksi bagi calon pemimpin negara menurut Ibnu Khaldun dan Al-Mawardi, serta menganalisis perbandingan pendapat mereka dengan peraturan perundang-undangan Indonesia terkait hal ini. Masalah ini belum diatur secara spesifik dalam undang-undang Indonesia dan masih dianggap diperdebatkan terkait apakah aspek kesehatan reproduksi dapat menghalangi pemenuhan tugas pemimpin negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yang mengkaji hukum tertulis dari berbagai aspek seperti teori, sejarah, filosofi, dan perbandingan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa menurut Ibnu Khaldun, persyaratan kesehatan reproduksi penting untuk calon pemimpin negara, sementara menurut Al-Mawardi, hal ini tidak dianggap sebagai syarat yang harus dipenuhi. Di sisi lain, pendapat Al-Mawardi lebih relevan dengan hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia, karena undang-undang Pemilu tidak mengatur syarat kesehatan reproduksi bagi calon pemimpin negara. Oleh karena itu, pemilih diharapkan untuk memilih pemimpin berdasarkan kemampuan kepemimpinan, bukan berdasarkan kesehatan reproduksi.
Konsepsi Keadilan Sistem Noken dalam Pemilihan Umum Kepala Daerah di Indonesia
Authors: Hikmatiar Erwin 
Published: December 2024

This article discusses the concept of justice in the implementation of the Noken system in the Regional Head Election (Pilkada) in Indonesia. The Noken System, which is primarily used in the Papua region, creates a voting method based on traditional customs, where the community's votes are collected through a container called a noken. Although it has high cultural value, this system is often questioned in terms of fairness, both in the context of equal voting rights and the transparency of the election process. This research aims to explore the impact of the Noken system on electoral justice principles, referencing applicable justice theories such as distributive and procedural justice theories. Through normative analysis and case studies, this article identifies potential injustices arising from the implementation of the Noken system, and offers recommendations for improvements to make the system more inclusive and aligned with more universal democratic principles. These findings are expected to contribute to the formulation of fairer and more transparent electoral policies in Indonesia, particularly in regions that implement the Noken system.

Artikel ini membahas konsepsi keadilan dalam implementasi sistem Noken pada Pemilihan Umum Kepala Daerah (Pilkada) di Indonesia. Sistem Noken, yang digunakan terutama di wilayah Papua, menciptakan sebuah metode pemungutan suara berbasis tradisi adat, di mana suara masyarakat dikumpulkan melalui sebuah wadah yang disebut noken. Meskipun memiliki nilai kultural yang tinggi, sistem ini sering kali dipertanyakan dari sisi keadilan, baik dalam konteks kesetaraan hak suara maupun transparansi proses pemilihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dampak sistem Noken terhadap prinsip-prinsip keadilan dalam Pemilu, dengan merujuk pada teori-teori keadilan yang berlaku, seperti teori keadilan distributif dan prosedural. Melalui analisis normatif dan studi kasus, artikel ini mengidentifikasi potensi ketidakadilan yang timbul dari pelaksanaan sistem Noken, serta menawarkan rekomendasi untuk perbaikan agar sistem ini lebih inklusif dan sejalan dengan prinsip-prinsip demokrasi yang lebih universal. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam perumusan kebijakan pemilu yang lebih adil dan transparan di Indonesia, khususnya di wilayah yang menerapkan sistem Noken.
Evaluation of bone loss in implants adjacent to a tooth or edentulous area in peri-implantitis and control murine models
Authors: da Silveira Taciane Menezes , de Araújo Silva Davi Neto , Casarin Maísa , Monajemzadeh Sepehr , Chalmers Jaclyn , Pirih Flavia Q 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Peri-implantitis (PI) is an inflammatory disease that affects supportive tissues around dental implants, and its progression eventually leads to bone loss and implant failure. However, PI effects may be different based on the presence or absence of adjacent teeth. Objective: To investigate the differences in bone loss and inflammation between implants placed adjacent to a tooth or edentulous area in a ligature-induced PI model. Materials and methods: Three-week-old C57BL/6J male mice underwent maxillary first (AT; n=12) or first and second (AE; n=8) left molar extractions. In both groups, implants were placed in the first molar region eight weeks after tooth extraction. Each group was further divided into control (C) or ligature (PI) four weeks after osseointegration. The mice were euthanized 12–14 days after ligature placement. The samples were analyzed using micro-computed tomography and histology. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and Tukey’s multiple comparison test (p&lt;0.05). Results: Radiographic linear analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in bone levels between the C and PI groups. Linear bone loss was significantly greater in the PI group than in the C group. Volumetric analysis yielded similar results. Histologically, hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed no notable differences between the C and PI groups. The PI group showed increased levels of inflammatory infiltrates and bone resorption. Qualitative assessment of collagen through picrosirius red staining demonstrated increased collagen disorganization in the PI group compared with that in the C group. No notable differences were observed between the AT and AE groups. Conclusion: The presence or absence of an adjacent tooth does not influence PI-induced soft and hard tissue alterations.
ON THE MODULAR SEQUENCE SPACES GENERATED BY THE CESÀRO MEAN
Authors: Singh Sukhdev , Malik Toseef Ahmed 
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the seminormed Ces\`aro difference sequence space \( \ell(\mathcal{F}_j, q, g, r, \mu, \Delta_{({s})}^{t}, \mathcal{C})\) is defined by using the generalized Orlicz function. Some algebraic and topological properties of the space \(\ell(\mathcal{F}_j, q, g, r, \mu, \Delta_{({s})}^{t}, \mathcal{C}) \) are investigated. Various inclusion relations for this sequence space are also studied.
6G autonomous radio access network empowered by artificial intelligence and network digital twin
Authors: Liu Guangyi , Deng Juan , Zhu Yanhong , Li Na , Han Boxiao , Wang Shoufeng , Rui Hua , Wang Jingyu , Zhang Jianhua , Cui Ying , Cui Yingping , Yang Yang , Zhang Yan , Wang Jiangzhou , Ouyang Ye , Ye Xiaozhou , Chen Tao , Li Rongpeng , Zhu Yongdong , Zhang Yuanyuan , Yang Li , Bian Sen , Sun Wanfei , Zheng Qingbi , Tong Zhou , Zhang Huimin , Shao Zecai , Wu Jiajun , Kang Mancong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe sixth-generation (6G) mobile network implements the social vision of digital twins and ubiquitous intelligence. Contrary to the fifth-generation (5G) mobile network that focuses only on communications, 6G mobile networks must natively support new capabilities such as sensing, computing, artificial intelligence (AI), big data, and security while facilitating Everything as a Service. Although 5G mobile network deployment has demonstrated that network automation and intelligence can simplify network operation and maintenance (O&M), the addition of external functionalities has resulted in low service efficiency and high operational costs. In this study, a technology framework for a 6G autonomous radio access network (RAN) is proposed to achieve a high-level network autonomy that embraces the design of native cloud, native AI, and network digital twin (NDT). First, a service-based architecture is proposed to re-architect the protocol stack of RAN, which flexibly orchestrates the services and functions on demand as well as customizes them into cloud-native services. Second, a native AI framework is structured to provide AI support for the diverse use cases of network O&M by orchestrating communications, AI models, data, and computing power demanded by AI use cases. Third, a digital twin network is developed as a virtual environment for the training, pre-validation, and tuning of AI algorithms and neural networks, avoiding possible unexpected losses of the network O&M caused by AI applications. The combination of native AI and NDT can facilitate network autonomy by building closed-loop management and optimization for RAN.