bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydroinformatics education – the Water Informatics in Science and Engineering (WISE) Centre for Doctoral Training
Authors: Wagener Thorsten , Savic Dragan , Butler David , Ahmadian Reza , Arnot Tom , Dawes Jonathan , Djordjevic Slobodan , Falconer Roger , Farmani Raziyeh , Ford Debbie , Hofman Jan , Kapelan Zoran , Pan Shunqi , Woods Ross 
Published: May 2021

Abstract. The Water Informatics in Science and Engineering Centre for Doctoral Training (WISE CDT) offers a postgraduate programme that fosters enhanced levels of innovation and collaboration by training a cohort of engineers and scientists at the boundary of water informatics, science and engineering. The WISE CDT was established in 2014 with funding from the
UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) amongst the
universities of Bath, Bristol, Cardiff and Exeter. The WISE CDT will
ultimately graduate over 80 PhD candidates trained in a non-traditional
4-year UK doctoral programme that integrates teaching and research elements
in close collaboration with a range of industrial partners. WISE focuses on
cohort-based education and equips the PhD candidates with a wide range of
skills developed through workshops and other activities to maximise
candidate abilities and experiences. We discuss the need for, the structure
and results of the WISE CDT, which has been ongoing from 2013–2022 (final year of graduation). We conclude with lessons learned and an outlook for PhD training, based on our experience with this programme.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PENGELOLAAN SURAT PERINTAH TUGAS (SPT) MELAKSANAKAN PERJALANAN DINAS BERBASIS WEB PADA BIRO KEPEGAWAIAN DAN ORGANISASI KEMENTERIAN PERHUBUNGAN
Authors: Saputra Candra , Sulistyanto Agus , Sianipar Anton Zulkarnain 
Published: May 2021

Surat menyurat merupakan kegiatan yang selalu dilakukan disetiap perusahaan dalam melakukan kegiatan, yang salah satunya adalah surat perintah tugas perjalanan dinas. Surat Perintah Tugas (SPT) pada umumnya proses yang dilakukan secara konvensional, yaitu dengan melakukan print out dan menyerahkan lembar surat tugas ke pihak bersangkutan untuk melakukan tindak lanjut hingga ke persetujuan, berdasarkan hasil pengamatan dari proses konvensional ini terdapat hal yang kurang efesien mulai dari waktu, tenaga dan biaya. Oleh karena itu, dirancang sebuah sistem yang jauh lebih efektif dalam membantu kegiatan surat menyurat yaitu merupakan sistem informasi atau aplikasi berbasis web untuk pengelolaan Surat Perintah Tugas melaksanakan perjalanan dinas. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan metode waterfall, dengan model UML (Unified Modeling Language) menggunakan use case diagram sebagai gambaran proses sistem atau kebutuhan sistem dari sudut pandang pengguna. Dengan adanya sistem informasi ini semakin berkurangnya biaya, efisiensi waktu, dan mengurangi kemungkinan human error maupun kehilangan data
Tiêu chí nhận diện thơ văn xuôi
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Chính 
Published: May 2021

Thơ văn xuôi, một thể “lưỡng tính” đứng giữa thơ trữ tình và văn xuôi tự sự. Tuy hình thành và phát triển ở Việt Nam đến nay gần một thế kỉ song xung quanh nó vẫn còn rất nhiều vấn đề gây tranh luận như quan niệm về thể loại, ranh giới phân loại hay đặc điểm… Nghiên cứu thơ văn xuôi, bước đầu chúng tôi đi vào xác định một số tiêu chí nhận diện dựa trên những điểm tương đồng qua nhiều sáng tác mà chúng tôi đã tiến hành khảo sát. Đó là thể thơ có hình thức tổ chức văn bản hết sức tự do, nội dung thi tứ đậm màu sắc trí tuệ và có khuynh hướng giấu nhạc tính.
ASAS “DAPAT DILAKSANAKAN” DALAM PERATURAN PERPAJAKAN
Authors: Rinaningsih  
Published: May 2021

Tax revenues paid by taxpayers are the main source of state revenue at this time. Individual and corporate taxpayers owed tax in Indonesia are spread throughout the territory of Indonesia. However based on the data, the tax ratio of each province is vary. Therefore, in this paper we will discuss whether the existing tax regulations are in accordance with the existing conditions.This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. Based on the research, due to the principle "can be implemented" in the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 12 of 2011, several current tax regulations have been formulated without considering existing conditions namely the geographical conditions of various tax offices’s work areas, the uneven availability of the internet in each region along with the unsupported behavior of internet users for electronic services, and unavailability of the postal services in some villages. Those make taxation regulations difficult to be implemented in all regions of Indonesia and do not support the optimum collection of taxes in all regions of Indonesia. The aim of the research is to provide recommendations to the DGT to improve the tax regulations to a better level.
THE IMPOSITION OF TAX ON INHERITANCE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Rieska Wulandari  
Published: May 2021

Indonesia has enjoyed high and stable economic growth during the last decade. However, the benefits of growth have not been shared equally. Wealth inequality is widening in recent years which gives a serious threat to sustainable growth. The taxation policy still faces challenges to support inequality-reducing programs. The limitation of Personal Income Tax to conduct redistribution role and the absence of capital gain tax in Indonesia are some of the challenges faced in the fiscal policy field. Inheritance is assumed to be one of the sources of wealth accumulation. To reduce the gap between the richest and the rest, it is time for Indonesia to impose an inheritance tax . This paper examines the suitable inheritance tax design for Indonesia taking into consideration of experiences from a few selected countries. Based on the analysis, Indonesia should have an estate tax model with basic exemption starts from IDR 14.5 billion (USD 1 Million).
Reporting and Analyzing Race and Ethnicity in Orthopaedic Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review
Authors: Paul Ryan W. , Lee Donghoon , Brutico Joseph , Tjoumakaris Fotios P. , Ciccotti Michael G. , Freedman Kevin B. 
Published: May 2021

Background:
The distinction between race and ethnicity should be carefully understood and described for demographic data collection. Racial healthcare differences have been observed across many orthopaedic subspecialties. However, the frequency of reporting and analyzing race and ethnicity in orthopaedic clinical trials has not been determined. Therefore, the primary purpose of this systematic review was to determine how frequently race and ethnicity are reported and analyzed in orthopaedic clinical trials.

Methods:
The top 10 journals by impact factor in the field of orthopaedics were manually screened from 2015 to 2019. All randomized controlled trials related to orthopaedics and assessing clinical outcomes were included. Eligible studies were evaluated for bias using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and for whether the trial reported and analyzed several demographics, including age, sex, height, weight, race, and ethnicity. The frequency of reporting and analyzing by each demographic was accessed. In addition, comparisons of reporting and analyzing race/ethnicity were made based on orthopaedic subspecialty and journal of publication.

Results:
A total of 15,488 publications were screened and 482 met inclusion criteria. Of these 482 trials, 460 (95.4%) reported age and 456 (94.6%) reported sex, whereas 35 (7.3%) reported race and 15 (3.1%) reported ethnicity for the randomized groups; 79 studies (16.4%) analyzed age and 72 studies (14.9%) analyzed sex, whereas 6 studies (1.2%) analyzed race and 1 study (0.2%) analyzed ethnicity. The orthopaedic subspecialty of spine was found to report race (23.5%) and ethnicity (17.6%) more frequently than all the other subspecialties, whereas sports medicine reported race and/or ethnicity in only 3 of 150 trials (2.0%).

Conclusions:
Race and ethnicity are not frequently reported or analyzed in orthopaedic randomized controlled trials. Social context, personal challenges, and economic challenges should be considered while analyzing the effect of race and ethnicity on outcomes.
Implicações hidrogeomorfológicas do rompimento da barragem de rejeito da Mina do Córrego do Feijão – MG
Authors: Carvalho Regina Paula Benedetto de , Magalhães Júnior Antônio Pereira , Barros Luiz Fernando de Paula 
Published: May 2021

O artigo busca identificar e analisar alterações hidrogeomorfológicas nos fundos dos vales do ribeirão Ferro-Carvão e do rio Paraopeba decorrentes do rompimento da barragem de rejeito B1 da Mina do Córrego do Feijão (Brumadinho-MG). A pesquisa se baseou no uso de imagens de satélite e de dados quali-quantitativos da primeira estação chuvosa pós-rompimento. O conjunto das alterações identificadas permitiu a definição de cinco trechos fluviais, estando a abrangência dos impactos morfológicos diretamente relacionada à proximidade com o local do rompimento, fato que não se verifica, necessariamente, com relação aos aspectos hidrossedimentológicos. Enquanto o Trecho 1 foi marcado pelo completo soterramento do fundo do vale, nos demais a formação de depósitos de rejeito nas margens, o surgimento de barras de canal na calha do Paraopeba e o entulhamento de áreas de confluência até o reservatório de Retiro Baixo são indicativos de consequências importantes do desastre. O trabalho ilustra como os eventos de rompimento de barragens de rejeito tendem a comprometer a configuração e a dinâmica hidrogeomorfológica de sistemas fluviais, além dos conhecidos impactos socioambientais.
IACC Appendage Studies
Authors: Tinoco E. N. , Gentry A. E. , Bogataj P. , Sevigny E. G. , Chance B. 
Published: May 2021

Experimental and computational studies of several representative IACC appendage geometries were carried out to establish baseline data and verify computational models and methods.
Wind tunnel tests of an unheeled, unswept, constant section, rectangular planform keel mounted on a ground plane included force and moment measurements, and wake surveys at various angles of attack. Test configurations (all at constant draft) included the addition of ballast bulbs and winglets.
Correlations of computational results with experimental wind tunnel data were made. A502/PAN AIR potential flow induced drag predictions proved to be in good agreement with the wind tunnel data. Comparisons are also presented between A598 (A502 + boundary layer), wind tunnel results and empirical predictions. Again good agreement was shown for cases within the limitations of the boundary layer method.
Tacking Simulation of Sailing Yachts - Numerical Integration of Equations of Motion and Application of Neural Network Technique
Authors: Masayuma Yutaka , Fukasawa Toichi , Sasagawa Hiroshi 
Published: May 2021

The question, "What is the best tacking procedure?", has challenged sailors for a long time. In order to answer this question, it might be best to clarify the mechanism of tacking motions of sailing boats theoretically. However, tacking is a complicated maneuvering motion. Many factors affect tacking, including maneuverability, rolling characteristics, sail performance, etc. The first step to tackle this problem, therefore, is to make a proper model which represents tacking motions. In the present paper, two models are proposed to represent the tacking motions of sail boats. One is a mathematical model and another is a neural network model.
In the mathematical model, the tacking motion of the boat is described by partial differential equations with the coordinate system using the horizontal body axes. The hydrodynamic derivatives of the equations are mainly given by model test results and/or full scale measurements. Such coefficients as added mass and added moment of inertia are calculated using the strip method. These equations are integrated using an integration method.
In the neural network model, on the other hand, the tacking motion of the boat is regarded as a neural network system consisting of several layers. In the present paper, two hidden layers are used besides the input and output layers. The network constants are tuned using back-propagation procedure. If the rudder angle is inputted, the boat motion can be obtained step by step using the network.
Comparing the results obtained by these two methods with the full-scale experiments of a sailing boat, the merit and the demerit of these models are discussed.
Scoring IMS Regattas - An Empirical Study of Alternative Methods
Authors: Cane John W. 
Published: May 2021

The International Measurement System (IMS) uses a computerized velocity prediction program (VPP) to calculate the performance of a meas­ured hull and rig in winds from six to twenty knots, at any sailing angle. A regatta is scored by comparing a yacht's performance with pre­dictions of the VPP. The winner is the yacht whose performance, relative to its VPP predic­tions, is the best, compared to all other yachts in its class or division.
This paper discusses different methods of malc­ing the comparison and accounting for various factors in the race such as wind shifts and cur­rent on the course. Decisions made by race man­agers and/or developers of scoring programs can significantly impact results. Illustrative examples show the effects that these decisions can have.
In 1994 the number of data points available for use in scoring yachts in custom courses doubled. Alternative ways of using these data are illus­trated by application to a sample regatta.
Imagine - An Open Class 60 BOC Racer -Design and Program Management - Lessons Learned
Authors: Court Kenneth E. , Kaufman F. Michael , Whitacre Harold M. 
Published: May 2021

This paper describes the creation of the Open Class 60 (BOC 60) racing yacht "Imagine". She was conceived to win the 1994 BOC singlehanded round the world race, an ambitious goal since the French sailors have dominated the race since its inception. This paper will examine the design of this complex racing machine, and the management of the project. The project produced a boat that was capable of attaining the goal of winning, but when the project management office failed to adhere to the project plan, the project unravelled and collapsed.
In a squall at sea, at night, off Cape May, New Jersey, "Imagine's" boom failed, the main sail was dropped, and in the resultant short steep seas, "Imagine" slammed badly, dishing plating at both ends of the vessel, causing two forward frames to trip, and resulting in other structural damage to forward deck longitudinals and in the cockpit. "Imagine's" hull remained watertight, and she returned to Norfolk under short sail. Upon arrival she was inspected, and the necessary repair steps were outlined. These were discussed the following day with the project office and the ABS inspector. Within days drawings were provided to the project office for repair and to ABS for review. At that point matters stalled, no repair was started and within two week-; the project office announced their intent to abandon the project.
The project plan will be reviewed, the basis for the design will be discussed, the incident at sea which precipitated the project's disbanding will be examined, and an analysis of the resultant damage given. Lessons learned from the project will be discussed.
The actual design of the boat was interesting and rewarding, but it was a small part of the goal of the project. The goal was not attained, and when the BOC race started from Charleston in September 94, "Imagine" remained at the dock, her outfit and development incomplete. This paper will attempt to evaluate the reasons why. Two central themes repeat: lack of funds; and lack of sea trials.
In our opinion it was this lack of funds, that led the project office to eliminate carefully planned steps in "Imagine's" development, specifically the sea trials. This also lead them to attempt an offshore voyage from Norfolk, Virginia to Newport, Rhode Island in November 1993, prior to sea trials, with a known defective boom, and a jury rigged boom vang.
Augmenting the technology acceptance model with trust model for the initial adoption of a blockchain-based system
Authors: Shrestha Ajay K. , Vassileva Julita , Joshi Sandhya , Just Jennifer 
Published: May 2021

Background
In the collaborative business environment, blockchain coupled with smart contract removes the reliance on a central system and offers data integrity which is crucial when the transacting parties rely on the shared data. The acceptance of such blockchain-based systems is necessary for the continued use of the services. Despite many extensive studies evaluating the performance of blockchain-based systems, few have focused on users’ acceptance of real-life applications.

Objective
The main objective of this research is to evaluate the user acceptance of a real-life blockchain-based system (BBS) by observing various latent variables affecting the development of users’ attitudes and intention to use the system. It also aims to uncover the dimensions and role of trust, security and privacy alongside the primary Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)-based predictors and their causal relationship with the users’ behavior to adopt such BBS.

Methods
We tested the augmented TAM with Trust Model on a BBS that comprises two subsystems: a Shopping Cart System (SCS), a system oriented towards end-users and a Data Sharing System (DSS), a system oriented towards system administrators. We set research questions and hypotheses, and conducted online surveys by requesting each participant to respond to the questionnaire after using the respective system. The main study comprises two separate sub-studies: the first study was performed on SCS and the second on DSS. Furthermore, each study data comprises initial pre-test and post-test data scores. We analyzed the research model with partial least square structural equation modelling.

Results
The empirical study validates our research model and supports most of the research hypotheses. Based on our findings, we deduce that TAM-based predictors and trust constructs cannot be applied uniformly to BBS. Depending on the specifics of the BBS, the relationships between perceived trust antecedents and attitudes towards the system might change. For SCS, trust is the strongest determinant of attitudes towards system, while DSS has perceived privacy as the strongest determinant of attitudes towards system. Quality of system shows the strongest total effect on intention to use SCS, while perceived usefulness has the strongest total effect on intention to use DSS. Trust has a positive significant effect on users’ attitudes towards both BSS, while security does not have any significant effect on users’ attitudes toward BBS. In SCS, privacy positively affects trust, but security has no significant effect on trust, whereas, in DSS, both privacy and security have significant effects on trust. In both BBS, trust has a moderating effect on privacy that correlates with attitudes towards BBS, whereas security does not have any mediating role between privacy and attitudes towards BBS. Hence, we recommend that while developing BBS, particular attention should be paid to increasing user trust and perceived privacy.
Ternary‐Responsive Field‐Effect Transistors and Multilevel Memories Based on Asymmetrically Functionalized Janus Few‐Layer WSe2
Authors: Qiu Haixin , Herder Martin , Hecht Stefan , Samorì Paolo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHybrids composed of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides with stimuli‐responsive molecules are prototypical components for the development of multifunctional field‐effect transistors (FETs), whose output currents can be remotely controlled by external inputs. Herein, ternary‐responsive FETs based on a few‐layer WSe2 are realized by decorating the two opposite surfaces of the 2D semiconductor with different stimuli‐responsive molecules in an asymmetric fashion: the bottom surface is interfaced with a photochromic diarylethene film and the top surface with a ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride–trifluoroethylene) layer. This novel Janus ternary device architecture shows superior functional complexity compared with normal mono‐stimuli‐responsive FETs. The synergy between the two molecularly induced effects enables the devices to respond orthogonally to an electric field and light irradiation, with an enhanced output current modulation efficiency of 87%. The 9 ferroelectric and 84 photo‐generated states ensure 756 current levels in a single device. The over 10 cycles of cyclic endurance and more than 1000 h of retention time confirm the reliability of each state, implementing the demand for high‐density non‐volatile memories, as well as enriching the diversification in “More than Moore” technologies.
Structuring of Si into Multiple Scales by Metal‐Assisted Chemical Etching
Authors: Srivastava Ravi P. , Khang Dahl‐Young 
Published: May 2021

AbstractStructuring Si, ranging from nanoscale to macroscale feature dimensions, is essential for many applications. Metal‐assisted chemical etching (MaCE) has been developed as a simple, low‐cost, and scalable method to produce structures across widely different dimensions. The process involves various parameters, such as catalyst, substrate doping type and level, crystallography, etchant formulation, and etch additives. Careful optimization of these parameters is the key to the successful fabrication of Si structures. In this review, recent additions to the MaCE process are presented after a brief introduction to the fundamental principles involved in MaCE. In particular, the bulk‐scale structuring of Si by MaCE is summarized and critically discussed with application examples. Various approaches for effective mass transport schemes are introduced and discussed. Further, the fine control of etch directionality and uniformity, and the suppression of unwanted side etching are also discussed. Known application examples of Si macrostructures fabricated by MaCE, though limited thus far, are presented. There are significant opportunities for the application of macroscale Si structures in different fields, such as microfluidics, micro‐total analysis systems, and microelectromechanical systems, etc. Thus more research is necessary on macroscale MaCE of Si and their applications.
Kinetic 2D Crystals via Topochemical Approach
Authors: Bae Jihong , Kim Minjung , Kang Hyeonsoo , Kim Taeyoung , Choi Hong , Kim Bokyeong , Do Hyung Wan , Shim Wooyoung 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe designing of novel materials is a fascinating and innovative pathway in materials science. Particularly, novel layered compounds have tremendous influence in various research fields. Advanced fundamental studies covering various aspects, including reactants and synthetic methods, are required to obtain novel layered materials with unique physical and chemical properties. Among the promising synthetic techniques, topochemical approaches have afforded the platform for widening the extent of novel 2D materials. Notably, the synthesis of binary layered materials is considered as a major scientific breakthrough after the synthesis of graphene as they exhibit a wide spectrum of material properties with varied potential applicability. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the progress in the development of metastable layered compounds is presented. The various metastable layered compounds synthesized from layered ternary bulk materials through topochemical approaches are listed, followed by the descriptions of their mechanisms, structural analyses, characterizations, and potential applications. Finally, an essential research direction concerning the synthesis of new materials is indicated, wherein the possible application of topochemical approaches in unprecedented areas is explored.