bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a Low-mass Companion to the White Dwarf SDSS J131730.84+483332.7
Authors: Jalowiczor Peter A. , Casewell Sarah , Schneider Adam C. , Gagné Jonathan , Faherty Jacqueline K. , Kuchner Marc J. , Meisner Aaron M. , Burgasser Adam J. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present the discovery of 2MASS J13173072+4833343, a low-mass stellar companion to the ∼5.5 Gyr old white dwarf SDSS J131730.85+483332.8. This companion was discovered through the Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 citizen science collaboration. We obtained a near-infrared spectrum of the companion and determined a spectral type of M8.5. Using the cooling age of the white dwarf, we determined that the stellar companion has a mass of

0.077

−
0.017

+
0.005

M
☉, or

80.2

−
1.8

+
0.5

M
Jup, near the substellar boundary.
Interstellar Highly Ionized Species toward Cygnus: A Closer Look
Authors: Leach Kevin S. , Bruhweiler Frederick 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We examine Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/STIS data, complemented with International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) data, to delineate interstellar absorption of highly ionized species, C iv, Si iv, and N v, and low ionization species toward four stars in Cygnus. Previous IUE studies indicate two major velocity complexes for C iv and Si iv extending across Cygnus. We see interstellar N v in HST/STIS data for HD 190918 and Cyg X-1. In both stars, the N v is at the velocities of interstellar C iv and Si iv. In HD 190918, the N v is weak, possibly due to enhanced X-ray ionization produced by this binary system. The Cyg X-1 data are of low signal-to-noise, but N v is quite strong with a small b-value, indicating N v arises in a cooler H ii region resulting from X-ray Auger ionization by Cyg X-1.
Le bandit et ses mythes
Authors: Michelutti Lucia , Picherit David 
Published: April 2021

De Pablo Escobar à Phoolan Devi, les mythes de bandits plus ou moins sociaux se développent de manière exponentielle et se répandent par le biais des médias numériques. Célébrant des bandits, des gangsters, des politiciens mafieux – morts ou vivants – à partir de bricolages transculturels, ces mythes constituent des armes effectives dans le présent immédiat mais aussi un rendez-vous avec une postérité incertaine. Fiction et faits semblent ainsi fusionner et donner naissance à des réalités fictionnelles puissantes qui débordent les vies présentes et post-mortem de ces figures. Cette introduction expose comment ces réalités fictionnelles sont concrètement élaborées par le biais d’« écritures scénarisées de mythes » qui sont pleinement constitutives de l’autorité de ces bandits. Ce concept théorique que nous développons est aussi un objet ethnographique : nous explorons empiriquement cette fabrique quotidienne de la séduction, de la fascination et de l’effroi, laquelle est indissociable de la capacité à faire agir autrui dans les économies politiques criminelles.
Pour l’amour de Carlos
Authors: Lamotte Martin 
Published: April 2021

Le 30 mars 1981, le gangster Carlos La Sombra est assassiné en prison à Porto Rico. Sa mort déclenche une guerre de pouvoir sanglante dans le milieu carcéral portoricain et marque la naissance du gang des Ñetas. À partir de la fin des années 1990, ces derniers amorcent la rédaction d’un livre – le Liderato – faisant le récit de la vie du fondateur. Appartenir au gang, c’est dès lors connaître cette histoire et suivre ce modèle. Surtout, de nouvelles figures de chef s’imposent au sein de l’organisation : ceux qui écrivent la légende de Carlos gagnent en pouvoir et autorité. Cet article revient sur l’écriture et la circulation de cette histoire dans le monde ñetas, et sur la fabrique narrative du gangster pénitent et politiquement radical comme outil de façonnage des figures d’autorité.
Politique western
Authors: Somda Dominique 
Published: April 2021

Explorant la mobilisation des imaginaires politiques locaux et nationaux à Madagascar en contexte de crise, cet article analyse la construction des légitimités et de l’illégalité. Ces dix dernières années, la région d’Anôsy, au sud-est de l’île, a souffert de la multiplication des vols de zébus par des bandits armés et de leur répression brutale. Durant la même période, l’Anôsy connaît également un repli continu de l’État face à l’expansion d’entreprises privées. La mythification d’hommes forts, voleurs ou gendarmes dont les rôles s’entremêlent, s’inscrit tant dans la tradition orale locale mettant en scène rois et héros que dans le spectacle rituel de la violence masculine ; elle emprunte aussi à l’iconographie et aux ressorts narratifs du western d’inspiration euro-américaine. Ces éléments variés de la culture populaire contribuent à faire de l’Anôsy une frontière, espace à exploiter et zone de contact où s’interpénètrent les imaginaires.
Les petits pains de la maman d’El Chapo
Authors: Blazquez Adèle 
Published: April 2021

Les élus de Badiraguato, petite municipalité du nord-ouest du Mexique, reçoivent une grande quantité de journalistes. Plusieurs grandes figures médiatiques du narcotrafic mexicain sont en effet issues des montagnes de la commune considérée comme le « fief du Cartel de Sinaloa », et les anecdotes concernant leur quotidien ou celui de leurs proches sont une denrée prisée des journalistes. L’examen des propos recueillis auprès d’élus locaux au cours de l’enquête ethnographique permet d’identifier les enjeux de la médiatisation de ces petits détails pittoresques. Celle-ci reflète ainsi une tendance à considérer les habitants de la commune comme une base sociale acquise aux narcotrafiquants. La prégnance de ce registre dans les productions discursives des autorités civiles d’une commune rurale marginalisée, et dont la principale économie repose sur la production de pavot, illustre une modalité singulière de dépolitisation de la violence au Mexique.
Truand ou bandit social ?
Authors: Bakker Laurens 
Published: April 2021

En Indonésie, à la suite des réformes gouvernementales mises en place après 1998, se développe un courant particulier d’activisme. Des causes comme les droits indigènes et les droits fonciers des pauvres sont alors défendues par des groupes dont l’image est résolument plus violente que celle des ONG. Généralement désignées par le terme ormas, ou organisations de masses, ces associations manient deux registres : celui de la responsabilité sociale et celui d’hommes forts défendant leur communauté tout en se livrant à des activités criminelles. Ce mélange est une concoction puissante qui permet à un leader ormas habile – presque toujours un homme – de jouer différents rôles et de faire appel à de multiples sources de légitimation pour ses actes, en fonction de sa position dans la société locale. Pak Bahrudin est l’un de ces hommes, défendant à sa manière les droits des gens de Paser – un district de la province de Kalimantan Est. Ce court récit décrit son ascension, certaines de ses actions et sa chute finale.
Scripts héroïques
Authors: Meikle Tracian , Jaffe Rivke 
Published: April 2021

Christopher « Dudus » Coke, l’un des plus puissants dons de Jamaïque, a été arrêté et extradé vers les États-Unis en 2010. Il purge actuellement une peine de vingt-trois ans dans une prison fédérale pour trafic d’armes et de drogue. Le mythe de Dudus a été élaboré visuellement en plusieurs phases. En effet, seul un petit nombre de photographies a circulé dans la presse ; ces rares clichés semblent avoir fortement contribué à renforcer, puis à démanteler le mythe entourant son personnage. À travers l’analyse des cas de Dudus et d’autres dons jamaïcains, ce portfolio étudie une culture iconographique du leader informel, à la fois chef et criminel, qui se construit sur des scripts visuels mettant en scène des modèles spécifiques de masculinité.
La marque du bandit
Authors: Renneville Marc 
Published: April 2021

Ce court texte retrace les pérégrinations d’un crâne attribué à Cartouche, célèbre bandit parisien exécuté en place de Grève au début du xviiie siècle. À défaut de statuer sur l’authenticité de cette relique, il donne à voir l’évolution de l’attention dont elle a fait l’objet au fil de ses expositions publiques et de ses usages savants. Au-delà de l’incertitude ostéologique qui sera peut-être un jour levée, l’auteur montre combien les statuts successifs de ce reste humain témoignent de l’histoire des savoirs anthropologiques et de l’évolution des sensibilités.
Frères d’armes
Authors: Voix Raphaël 
Published: April 2021

L’homme qui apparaît ce 28 avril 2011 dans le débat télévisé de la chaîne indienne Timesnow est un Danois recherché depuis plus de dix-sept ans. Vêtu sobrement, les yeux cerclés de fines lunettes, le visage émacié, Niels Holck, de son nom d’ascète Anindyananda, semble calme et déterminé. Il vient se défendre des accusations portées contre lui par la justice indienne : il serait à l’origine du parachutage d’armes de Purulia, un attentat considéré comme la plus haute atteinte à la sécurité intérieure indienne du xxe siècle. Le 17 décembre 1995, Niels a survolé la campagne bengali à basse altitude avec un vieil Antonov-26 et a fait larguer plus de 700 fusils d’assaut AK 56, une dizaine de lance-roquettes, des grenades, des cartouches, des fusées antitanks au-dessus de plusieurs villages d’un des districts les plus pauvres du Bengale-Occidental. Malgré un long procès et la condamnation de l’équipage de l’avion, les dessous de cette opération n’ont, depuis lors, jamais été élucidés. De nombreux articles de journaux, reportages de magazines, documentaires et films ont cherché à éclaircir cette affaire rocambolesque. Mais, dans la plupart des récits, le fait que les instigateurs présumés soient des yogis n’est mentionné qu’à titre anecdotique. Pourtant, de Osho à Ramdev, gurus et yogis en Inde ont souvent été impliqués dans des affaires illégales, politiques et financières : comment la pratique ascétique peut-elle s’articuler à l’action criminelle ?
Prediction of Gestational diabetes: Role of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio at booking visit
Authors: Fahim S. M. , De Silva W. V. V. , Abeykoon W. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) affect up to approximately 10% of all pregnancies. Various markers of inflammation have been shown to predict the future diabetes risk and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) level is significantly correlated with metabolic syndrome criteria. However, very few studies investigated any possible association between NLR and development of GDM. Objectives• To compare the NLR among GDM group and control group.• To identify an optimal cut-off value of NLR in predicting GDM. Methods: A longitudinal observational study in all pregnant women who are in their first trimester at antenatal clinic, Teaching Hospital, Kandy for six months was carried out with a Full Blood Count at the first trimester and Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) at the 24-28 weeks of gestation. Sample size was 361 and non-probability convenient sampling technique was applied. Results: Mean NLR value was 3.16 (SD=1.84) and the difference between GDM and non GDM mothers was not significant. Left upper most value for NLR of the ROC curve is 1.32 and when it is used as the cut off value the sensitivity is 99.6% and the specificity is 21.2%. Conclusions and recommendations: NLR positively correlates with the OGTT values done at 24-28 weeks of gestation, which can be used as a predictor at early booking visit. There is no significant difference between the mean value of participants with or without GDM. Prediction of GDM by NLR should be further studied in a well-targeted study population with wide methodology.
Feasibility of maintaining a portfolio for a professorial appointment in obstetrics and gynaecology in a low resource setting
Authors: Jayawardane M. A. M. M. , Pathiraja R. P. , Silva K. C. D. P. , Fernandopulle R. C. , Fernando A. , Chandradeva V. U. D. 
Published: April 2021

Objective: The main objective of this study is to assess the feasibility in replacing the portfolio in a low resource setting and its acceptance amongst the students and staff. Synopsis: The objective for the study with regards to using portfolios: is it feasible for the 2 month professorial appointment in a low resource setting and its acceptance amongst the students and staff. Methods: The study was conducted on 259 final year medical students for a period of two years from 2016 to 2018, using the student portfolio maintained by them during their professorial gynaecology and obstetrics appointment which is of 8 weeks duration, and the feedbacks provided by students and staff. Results: Around 2 mini clinical evaluation exercise (CEX) were completed for gynaecology and obstetrics and 1 OSAT each was completed of the five different technical skills by all students. All of them completed the objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS) in episiotomy suturing, urine catherization and cannulation, 96% of the students were assessed on their skills for artificial rupture of membrane (ARM) and in setting up as an intravenous drip. Students managed to obtain feedback from patients, peers and nursing officers.100% positive feedback was given by the patients, 97% from peers and 92% from the nursing officers. 80% of all the logs in the portfolio were completed by the students. On an average 2 reflective writings were completed per student. 97% of the students found it as a useful tool and 97% stated that it can be easily completed. Conclusion: Introduction of a portfolio for the obstetrics and gynaecology professorial appointment for medical students is possible, with good student satisfaction despite higher number of student: staff ratios.
Online dental education during coronavirus pandemic-challenges and future ahead
Authors: Singh Malvika 
Published: April 2021

CONTEXT:
The spread of coronavirus infection and its declaration of pandemic by the World Health Organization took us all by surprise and left us unprepared. Sudden lockdown declared by the Government of India confined the studies to be taken up through online mode.

AIMS:
The aim of this study was to assess the problems faced by the students and faculty members while conducting online lectures during pandemic.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:
The study was conducted in our institute.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:
A total of 336 students and 52 faculty members enrolled in various professional years of Bachelors of Dental Surgery were selected for the study.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED:
Standard deviation, mean, and mode.

RESULTS:
Majority of students and faculty members suffered from various forms of connectivity issues while their other issues were completely different.

CONCLUSIONS:
Both students and faculty members suffered from different issues but minimizing these issues though cooperation and seemed to be a way out for online mode of teaching during coronavirus times.
Knowledge and perception about bioethics
Authors: Ashfaq Tabinda , Ishaq Aiesha , Shahzad Faisal , Saleem Fahad 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:
Ethics plays an elementary role in current medical practice. Recent advancement in medical technology and its implications have raised many ethical issues and dilemmas in clinical practice, requiring dire needs for incorporation of bioethics into medical curriculum.

Aim:
The objective of this study is to assess the base line knowledge and perception of medical students regarding bioethical issues in clinical practice based on exposure to formal bioethics teaching in their medical curriculum.

Setting and design:
This cross sectional study was conducted among medical students of a private and government medical college who were currently enrolled into third to fifth year MBBS.

Methods and Material:
A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data. A structured questionnaire consisting of 27 questions was used for this study. An Ethics Review Committee approval was taken.

Analysis:
Data analysis was done under SPSS version 17 and frequencies were calculated.

Results:
A total of 285 medical students, 145 from private and 140 from government medical college participated in this study. Private college medical students (57%) had slightly better knowledge of bioethics as compared to the government students 43%.

Conclusion:
The study clearly signifies the need of teaching bioethics in the both the medical colleges. Our findings provide strong evidence for major educational initiatives related to bioethics education in medical curriculum.
Clinico-radiological profile of COVID-19 in Kashmiri population
Authors: Shahnawaz Mir , Wani Abdul H. , Upadhyay Shivani , Pattnaik Sasmita , Mustafa Hena , Azad Aaliya- Mohi-Ud-Din , Arjumand Farooq Syed Suraiya , Nabi Waseem , Hassan Yasir , Din Wani Nayeem U , Datta Bikram S. , Shah Naveed N. , Haq Inaamul , Dar Khurshid A. 
Published: April 2021

Aim:
The purpose of our study was to assess the presentation of COVID-19 disease in terms of clinical and radiological features in our population.

Methods:
64 RT-PCR documented COVID-19 patients were included in the study. Clinical, biochemical, and radiological data were collected and analyzed retrospectively from last week of March to 30th April 2020.

Results:
Out of the 64 patients, 38 (59.4%) were males, 44 (68.7%) had a history of contact with COVID-19 positive patient. 26.6%patients were in the age group of 21–30 years. 53.1% patients were asymptomatic while as cough and fever were the most common symptoms in 21.8 and 20.3% patients, respectively. Anosmia was present in four patients. Hypertension and hypothyroidism were the most common comorbid illnesses among the study population in 9.4% patients each. Lymphopenia was present in 38% of patients CRP was increased in 83% patients, LDH in 90.2%, and ferritin in 51.5% of patients. 17 (26.6%) patients had bilateral disease in CT. RUL was the most common lobe involved in 18 (28.1%) patients. GGO and consolidation were seen in 22 (34.45) and 13 (20.3%) patients, respectively. Vessel enlargement was observed in 11 (17.2%) patients. All five lobes were involved in 9 (14.1%) patients. Five patients developed severe disease with respiratory comprise; two of them eventually died.

Conclusion:
The clinical and radiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients vary among different populations. Although there are no radiological features which seems to be characteristic of COVID-19, but CT helps in evaluation of the patients as many asymptomatic ones have some radiological findings suggestive of viral pneumonia.
Clinical profile of patients with rolandic epilepsy at a clinic in rural Maharashtra
Authors: Sable Sunil , Sable Rachna , Tamhankar Parag , Tamhankar Vasundhara 
Published: April 2021

Purpose:
To describe the seizure pattern, treatment strategies and outcome in a series of children with Rolandic seizures or childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes.

Materials and Methods:
Patients were defined as Rolandic epilepsy if on electroencephalographic studies high voltage spike and waves were seen in centrotemporal areas, could be followed by slow waves, often activated on sleep and could shift from one side to other or be secondarily generalized. Typical (TRS) or benign were those with normal intellect. Atypical rolandic seizures (ARS) were those associated with neuroregression of language and cognitive milestones. Patients were treated with antiepileptic drugs if more than one episode occurred or the first episode was generalized status epilepticus.

Results:
Thirty-three patients were included over the period of eight years (2012-2020). There was male preponderance (21 males versus 12 females). Four patients (12.12%) later evolved into Landau Kleffner syndrome (ARS group). The mean age of onset of epilepsy in the TRS group (29 patients) was 7.2 (+/-2.2) with the youngest patient being 4 years and the eldest being 12 years. In the ARS group the mean age of onset was 5 yrs. (+/-1.41). In the TRS group, 23 (79.31%) patients were managed on monotherapy AED. Seventeen patients (58.62%) responded (remission) to carbamazepine monotherapy alone. Six patients (20.68%) could afford oxcarbazepine monotherapy and went in remission with this therapy. In the ARS group all patients required three drugs (valproate, clobazam and levetiracetam). By the end of the study period, 23/33 (75.75%) patients remained seizure free.

Conclusions:
Most patients with rolandic seizures have excellent prognosis being seizure free around puberty. The neurological outcome in most patients was normal.
Retrospective sequential trend analysis of neoplasms reported in a tertiary care hospital of district Etawah, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Shukla Sushil K. , Sachan Divyta , Bajpai Prashant K. , Srivastava Dhiraj K. , Verma Manoj K. , Agarwal Tanya 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:
An estimated 2.25 million new cancer cases with 7 lakh cancer deaths were reported, according to GLOBOCAN 2018 in India. There is a steady rise in cancer cases, but trends and patterns vary within the state depending on the geographic region.

Objectives:
To study the proportion and site-wise distribution of neoplasm reported at a tertiary care hospital in district Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Material and Methods:
A record based retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in district Etawah, Uttar Pradesh. Total four years (from 2015 to 2018) hospital-based retrospective data were collected from the Medical Record Department. Identification and distribution of malignant neoplasm were done according to the WHO ICD-10 classification.

Results:
Total cases diagnosed with malignancy from January 2015 to December 2018 were 3614. Cancer cases reported over the years was 932 (25.8%) in 2015, 1031 (28.5%) cases in 2016, 897 (24.8%) in 2017 and 754 (20.9%) in 2018. It was found that breast carcinoma (24.0%) accounted for the maximum number of cases diagnosed, followed by lung carcinoma (10.9%), cervical cancer (8.7%), gall bladder carcinoma (8%), and oral cavity cancer (7.9%).

Conclusion:
The present study reveals that the malignancy of the breast is most common, followed by malignancies of lung, cervix, and gall bladder among the patients who were seeking care in a tertiary care hospital of the district Etawah Uttar Pradesh, India.
A study on anemia and its risk factors among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of a rural medical college of West Bengal
Authors: Sinha Anuradha , Adhikary Moumita , Phukan Jyoti P. , Kedia Sonal , Sinha Tirthankar 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Anemia is the commonest nutritional deficiency disorder in the world, particularly in developing countries. Though anemia is easily treatable and largely preventable disease if timely detected, it still continues to be significantly prevalent among pregnant women.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to measure the extent of anemia in pregnancy and to assess the association of risk factors with anemia.

Study Design:
Hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 200 women were selected among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic. Sampling was done by selecting every fifth woman visiting antenatal clinic within the duration of two months on alternate days. Data were collected using a predesigned, pretested semi-structured schedule. Hemoglobin concentrations were also recorded for each patient. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test and 'T' test of significance. A value of P < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:
We found overall prevalence of anemia to be 90% among pregnant women. Most of the anemic patients (60.5%) belong to moderate severity according to the World Health Organization classification. Three factors namely socioeconomic status, gravida and time of 1st antenatal visit were significantly associated with prevalence of anemia in pregnancy (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
In this study, a high prevalence of anemia was found in pregnant women. Low socioeconomic status, multigravida and delayed visit to antenatal clinic were significantly associated with anemia in pregnancy. So, awareness and education programs should be generated to make people come to know about anemia, its complications during pregnancy and ways to prevent it.