bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of HBA2 and NR4A2 as potential prognostic molecular markers of MYCN amplified neuroblastoma
Authors: Peng Junwei , Lv Linya 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Neuroblastoma is a common extracranial solid tumor in children, and the prognosis of children with MYCN amplified type is poor. The prognostic factors in children with MYCN amplified form are still unclear.
Methods
Download data sets GSE53371 and GSE49710 from GEO database. The GSE53371 data set is used to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of MYCN amplified and MYCN non-amplified NB patients, and then cross the key module genes in the WGCNA analysis results to obtain their key genes. Then these key genes were analyzed for GO and KEGG function enrichment to analyze their potential biological functions and signal pathways. Single-factor COX regression and multi-factor COX regression analysis are used to screen key genes related to prognosis from key genes to construct risk scores. Finally, qRT-PCR was used to verify the expression of HBA2 and NR4A2 in tissue samples collected from the clinic.
Results
20 core genes were obtained after intersecting the differential genes between MYCN amplified and non-amplified samples with WGCNA analysis results. Univariate COX regression analysis showed that a total of 4 genes were closely related to the overall survival of MYCN amplified NB patients (p <0.05). Further multivariate COX regression analysis showed that HBA2 and NR4A2 have independent prognostic significance. Finally, the qRT-PCR test results of clinical samples showed that, compared with the MYCN unamplified group, the expression of HBA2 in the MYCN amplified group increased, and the expression of NR4A2 decreased.
Conclusion
HBA2 and NR4A2 are diagnostic prognostic markers and potential therapeutic targets for patients with MYCN amplified NB.
Oxidative Stress and Calcium Dyshomeostasis Mediated CPF-Induces EPC Cell Apoptosis and Necroptosis
Authors: Miao Zhiying , Cui Jiawen , Yu Meijin , Teng Xiaohua 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a broadly used organophosphate insecticide, and as environmental contamination has been confirmed to be harmful to the health of humans and animals, the effects of CPF on fish are still unclear. We aim to detect whether CPF has effects on the common carps, and identify the mechanisms of the effects. In accordance with the IC50 of CPF for epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells was 8.945 µM, 0, 3, 5 and 7 µM CPF were marked as C, L, M and H group. The results indicated that CPF exposure led to oxidative stress in EPC cells. Moreover, Calcium ion (Ca2+) imaging indicated that CPF triggers Ca2+ dyshomeostasis, as induced ER Ca2+ fluxed into cytoplasm and mitochondrial, and mediates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, which have further confirmed with the increased transcription of ER stress related genes. Meanwhile, CPF induced collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), enhancement of ROS generation and depletion of ATP level in both cytoplasm and mitochondrial, substantiated mitochondrial dysfunction has been evoked. Besides, the AO/EB staining and flow cytometry analysis ascertained that CPF induces apoptosis and necroptosis in EPC cells. Hence, we further verified that via determining the expression of apoptotic pathway genes and necroptotic pathway genes. Consequently, we illuminated the mechanisms of CPF effects on the common carps from the perspective of Ca2+ homeostasis, and provided a novel concept for investigating the toxicity of CPF as environmental pollution on aquatic organisms.
Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty Retrospective Case Control Study: Does Genicular Injection Application Yield a More Effective Pain Control Compared with Periarticular Injection?
Authors: Küçükalp Abdullah , Özdemir Bülent 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background:The aim of the present study was to investigate the hypothesis that administering the analgesic solution prepared for periarticular injection as a genicular injection to patients undergoing bilateral knee arthroplasty has equivalent effect to periarticuler injection and provides equal or enhanced pain control. Thus, these two different practices were compared.Methods:This was a case control study, during which simultaneous bilateral knee arthroplasty patients were evaluated retrospectively. The analgesic solution prepared for periarticular injection was applied as a genicular injection to one knee of each of 30 patients operated on in the same session, and was applied as standard periarticular injection to the other knee. The study group comprised the patients operated on in the same session who were subject to genicular infiltration anaesthesia and the control group consisted of patients with standard periarticular infiltration anaesthesia administered to the other knee. The study data are summarized via descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, etc.). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 22.0 software. Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test was used for comparisons. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0,05.Results:Pain scores were lower during the early postoperative period in the knees of patients who received the genicular injection (p<0.005). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups with regard to drainage volume, complications and range of joint motion.Conclusions:Genicular injection is a reliable and effective procedure for early postoperative pain control.
Dual Role of Grass Clippings As Buffering Agent and Biomass During Anaerobic Co-digestion With Food Waste
Authors: Chakraborty Debkumar , Palani Sankar Ganesh , Ghangrekar Makarand M. , N Anand , Pathak Pankaj 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
There is a dire need to replace the chemical buffers that regulate the redox environment in single-stage anaerobic digestion (AD) of food waste (FW). Hence, the applicability of grass clippings (GC) as an eco-friendly buffering agent and biomass during the anaerobic co-digestion of FW was explored. A focus was primarily given on the effects of GC on the redox environment and acidogenesis. Concomitantly the production of volatile fatty acids, hydrogen and methane in mesophilic conditions was monitored. Organic load and substrate to inoculum ratio were kept constant in all the experiments, and no chemical buffer was used. The results revealed that GC regulated the redox environment by inhibiting rapid pH drop in the digester with 10 % GC. The addition of 2, 4, and 6 % GC promoted acidogenesis with increased production of acetic and butyric acids; whereas, 8 and 10 % GC promoted solventogenesis with ethyl alcohol production. Hydrogen generation from the experiments with GC was in the range of 27-30 % of the total biogas, which was marginally higher than from the control (25 %). Methane concentration was negligible in the biogas generated from all experiments. The acidification rate, VFA production/consumption rate, specific hydrogen yield, hydrogen conversion efficiency, and volatile solid removal were maximum and minimum in the reactors with 6 and 10 % GC, respectively. From the above results, it can be concluded that the addition of GC to FW would regulate the sudden pH changes and enhance the production of value-added biochemicals, to make the process cost-effective.
Grain Dispersal Mechanism In Cereals Arose From a Genome Duplication Followed By Changes in Spatial Expression of Genes Involved In Pollen Development
Authors: Cross Arthur , Baijun John , Waugh Robbie , Golicz Agnieszka , Pourkheirandish Mohammad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
One of the most critical events in the process of cereal domestication was the loss of the natural mode of grain dispersal. Grain dispersal in barley is controlled by two major genes, Btr1 and Btr2, which affect the thickness of cell walls around the disarticulation zone. The barley genome also encodes Btr1-like and Btr2-like genes, which have been shown to be the ancestral copies. While Btr and Btr-like genes are non-redundant, the biological function of Btr-like genes is unknown. We explored the potential biological role of the Btr-like genes by surveying their expression profile across 212 publicly available transcriptome datasets representing diverse organs, developmental stages and stress conditions. We found that Btr1-like and Btr2-like are expressed exclusively in immature anther samples throughout Prophase I of meiosis within the meiocyte. The similar and restricted expression profile of these two genes suggests they are involved in a common biological function. Further analysis revealed 141 genes co-expressed with Btr1-like and 122 genes co-expressed with Btr2-like, with 105 genes in common, supporting Btr-like genes involvement in a shared molecular pathway. We hypothesize that the Btr-like genes play a crucial role in pollen development by facilitating the formation of the callose wall around the meiocyte or in the secretion of callase by the tapetum. Our data suggest that Btr genes retained an ancestral function in cell wall modification and gained a new role in grain dispersal due to changes in their spatial expression becoming spike specific after gene-duplication.
Valorisation of Bagasse Cane by-Product: Effect of Cellulosic Fibers and Coupling Agent on Thermal, Mechanical and Rheological Behaviours of Reinforced Polypropylene
Authors: BOUSSETTA Abdelghani , CHARII Hassan , BENHAMOU Anass AIT , BARBA Francisco J. , GRIMI Nabil , SIMIRGIOTIS Mario J. , MOUBARIK Amine 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Recently more attentions are growing every day towards the valorisation of industrial by-product especially those generated through agriculture and food industries, as the demands of bio-based resources for the necessary transition from fossil hydrocarbon sources to natural based products are increasing. This paper focuses on the potential effect of chemical treatments and modification as well as fibers loading on the thermal, mechanical, and rheological behaviour of reinforced Polypropylene (PP). During this work, fibers were prepared using alkali and bleaching treatments and then characterized using different analysis such SEM, X-ray, FT-IR and TGA/DTG. The composite materials were elaborated using twin-screw extrusion followed by injection molding by mixing PP with 5 to 10 Wt.% of raw bagasse cane (RBC), alkali bagasse cane (ABC) and bleached cellulose microfibers (BCM) as well as cellulose microfibers with Styrene-(ethylene-butene)-styrene three-block co-polymer grafted with maleic anhydride (SEBS-g-MA) as coupling agent. The result achieved from this study shows that the use of different type of fibers led to significant decrease in thermal degradation of PP. The mechanical results show a significant improvement in Yung’s modulus, tensile strength and hardness of the reinforced PP compared to neat PP. However, a remarkable decrease was obtained in elongation at break and toughness for all reinforced composites compared to neat PP. Besides, higher and low torsion modulus was obtained for PP reinforced with BCM and SEBS-g-MA-BCM, respectively.Statement of Novelty: This study aims to valorise bagasse sugar cane by-product as a lignocellulosic source for the isolation of cellulose fibers. Innovative composite materials were prepared based on polypropylene.
The Globulin, A/G and NLR do not Perform better than CRP and ESR in PJI Diagnosis
Authors: Jiao JingBo , Huang Jin-cheng , Chen Xiao , Jin Yi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective: To test the significance of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), globulin(GLN) , albumin to globulin ratio (A/G), and neutrophil to lymphocyterate (NLR) in periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) diagnosis. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 115 patients diagnosed from January 2017 to December 2020 with PJI (PJI group, median age 71.00 years [range, 41-94 years], 24 males, 29 females), and aseptic loosening (aseptic group, median age 68.50 years [range, 34–85 years], 32 male, 30 female) in our department. Demographic data and thesensitivity and specificity of preoperative CRP, ESR, GLB,A/G, and NLR in PJI diagnosis were compared. Results: There were no significant differences when the demographic data of the two groups were compared. The expression level of CRP (24.89 mg/L([IQR], 0.1 to 200)), ESR (3 mm/h([IQR], 6 to 120)), GLB (31.70 g/L ( [IQR], 18.50 to 60.60)), and NLR (2.51([IQR], 0.93 to 12.23)) in the PJI group were higher than in the aseptic loosening group (CRP: 2.245 mg/L([IQR], 0.2 to 111.94);ESR: 16 mm/h ([IQR], 2 to 76); GLB: 26.60 g/L([IQR], 17.90 to 68.20); NLR: 1.85([IQR], 0.63 to 9.09)). The expression level of A/G (1.15([IQR], 0.55 to 2.16)) in the PJI group was lower than in the aseptic loosening group (1.51([IQR], 0.71 to 2.40)). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for CRP, ESR, GLB,A/G, and NLR were 0.841 (95% confidence interval, 0.761-0.903), 0.850 (0.771-0.910),0.747(0.658-0.824),0.779(0.692–0.851), and 0.708 (0.616–0.789), respectively. When GLB > 26.6g/L, A/G ＜1.32, and NLR >2.1 were set as the threshold values for the diagnosis of PJI, The sensitivity of GLB and A/G (90.57%, 81.13%) is higher than CRP (71.70%) and ESR (79.25%), but the specificity (GLB: 51.61%, A/G: 72.58%) was significantly lower than of CRP (87.10%) and ESR (75.81%). The ROC analysis of NLR showed that its sensitivity (73.58%) and specificity (70.97) had no significant advantages over CRP and ESR. Conclusion: globulin, A/G and NLR do not perform better than CRP and ESR in PJI diagnos is.
Busto COVID-19 Score Identify Low Risk Patients. External Validation.
Authors: Fabrizio Foieni , Giovanna Beltrami Laura Maria , Girolamo Sala , Nicola Ughi , Francesca Del Gaudio , Veronica Menegon , Paolo Ghiringhelli , Oscar Epis 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with severe acute respiratory failure. Early identifcation of low-risk COVID-19 patients is crucial, discharging safely patients to home and optimizing the use of available resources. Methods: We aimed to external validate a simple score for the prediction of low-risk outcomes. A retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 was carried out by the Busto Hospital and Niguarda hospital. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and treatment variables were collected at hospital admission. Variables included in this retrospective cohort were analized to validate the Busto COVID-19 score as a Clinical Risk Score able to individuate low risk COVID-19 patients. Among COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital, severe outcome was defned as the composite of the admission to the Intensive Care Unit or death. Results: The development cohort included 427 consecutive patients. The mean (SD) age of patients among the cohort was 60.5 years; 273 (63%) were men. As potential predictors, Busto COVID-19 score variables include: lung ultrasound abnormality, age, total white blood cells count , C-reactive protein value, pO2/FiO2 ratio, lactates value, arterial hypertension and fever from 5 days or more and resulted in the best performing score with an area under the curve in the derivation sample of 0.88 and 0.71 in the external sample. Conclusions: The proposed score can identify patients at low risk for severe outcome who can be safely managed in a low-intensity setting after hospital admission for COVID-19.
Prevalence and Types of Gender-Based Violence among Secondary School Students During Covid-19 Pandemic in Anambra State, South-East Nigeria
Authors: Udigwe Ifeoma Bridget , Nnamani Chioma Phyllis , Ajator Chioma Chetachukwu , Mbachu Chioma Pauline , Ofiaeli Ogochukwu Chioma , Mbanuzuru Ahoma Victor , Umeh Uche M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) increases during every type of emergency whether economic crises, conflicts or disease outbreak like in the case of Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and types of GBV among secondary school students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Anambra State, South East, Nigeria.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study, conducted among 403 secondary school student who were recruited consecutively after consent and assent were gotten. Self-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data was analysed using STATA version 16.0. The level of significance for test of association was set at p-value < 0.05Results: The prevalence of GBV was 63.28%, emotional/verbal abuse were the most prevalent type while sexual abuse was the least type (85.5% vs 8.2%). The highest perpetrator of the emotional/verbal abuse were their fellow students (64.8%). The relationship between GBV and impact of abuse was statistically significant for academic performance, alcohol and tobacco intake (p-values: 0.040, 0.010, 0.029 respectively)Conclusion: The prevalence of GBV is high among students during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the emotional/verbal type being the most prevalent type. GBV has an impact on their academic performance and social lives. We therefore recommend that stakeholders should have target programs to address the diverse effects of GBV on students especially with the pandemic.
Single-cell RNA Sequencing Technology Revealed the Pivotal Role of Fibroblast Heterogeneity in Ang II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Weng Yingzheng , Lou Jiangjie , Bao Yizong , Cai Changhong , Zhu Kefu , Du Changqing , Chen Xiaofeng , Tang Lijiang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Aim: The mechanism of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we aimed to map the cellular heterogeneity, molecular alteration, and functional transformation of angiotensin (Ang) II-induced AAA in mice based on single-cell RNA sequencing (sc-RNA seq) technology.Method: Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on suprarenal abdominal aorta from male APOE-/- C57BL/6 mice of Ang II-induced AAA and shame models. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the pathophysiological characteristics of AAA, and sc-RNA seq was used to determine the heterogeneity and phenotypic transformation of all cell types. A single-cell trajectory was performed to predict the differentiation of fibroblasts. Finally ligand–receptor analysis was used to evaluate intercellular communication between fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells.Results: More than 27,000 cells were isolated and 25 clusters representing 8 types of cells were identified, including fibroblasts, macrophages, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, granulocytes, and natural killer cells. During AAA progression, the function and phenotype of different type cells altered separately. The pro-inflammatory function of inflammatory cells was enhanced. The proliferation phenotype degreased while pro-inflammatory, regeneration and damage-related phenotypes increased in endothelial cells. Smooth muscle cells also transformed from contractile to secretory phenotype. The alterations of fibroblasts were the most conspicuous according sub-group clustering analysis. Single-cell trajectory revealed the critical reprogramming genes of fibroblasts mainly enriched in regulation of immune system. Finally, the ligand–receptor analysis confirmed that increases in secondary collagen synthesis led by fibroblasts were one of the most prominent characteristics of Ang II-induced AAA.Conclusion: Our study revealed the cellular heterogeneity of Ang II-induced AAA. Fibroblasts may play a central role in Ang II-induced AAA progression according multiple biological functions including immune regulation and extracellular matrix metabolic balance. Our study may provide us with a different perspective on the etiology and pathogenesis of AAA.
Hypoxia Regulated Inhibin Promotes Tumor Growth and Vascular Permeability By ACVRL1 and CD105 Dependent VE-Cadherin Internalization
Authors: Horst Ben , Pradhan Shrikant , Chaudhary Roohi , Listik Eduardo , Choi Alex , Southard Michael , Liu Yingmiao , Whitaker Regina , Hempel Nadine , Berchuck Andrew , Nixon Andrew , Lee Nam , Henis Yoav , Mythreye Karthikeyan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Hypoxia, a driver of tumor growth and metastasis, regulates angiogenic pathways that are targets for vessel normalization and ovarian cancer management. However, toxicities and resistance to anti-angiogenics limits their use making identification of new targets vital. Inhibin, a heteromeric TGFb ligand, is a contextual regulator of tumor progression acting as an early tumor suppressor, yet also an established biomarker for ovarian cancers. Here, we demonstrate a previously unknown role for inhibins and find that hypoxia increases inhibin levels in ovarian cancer cell lines, xenograft tumors, and patients. Inhibin is regulated specifically through HIF-1, shifting the balance from activins to inhibins. Hypoxia regulated inhibin promotes tumor growth, endothelial cell invasion and permeability. Targeting inhibin in vivo through knockdown and anti-inhibin strategies robustly reduces permeability in vivo and alters the balance of pro and anti-angiogenic mechanisms resulting in vascular normalization. Mechanistically, inhibin regulates permeability by increasing VE-cadherin internalization via ACVRL1 and CD105, a receptor complex that we find stabilized directly by inhibin. Our findings are the first to demonstrate direct roles for inhibins in vascular normalization via TGF-b receptors providing new insights into the therapeutic significance of inhibins as a strategy to normalize the tumor vasculature in ovarian cancer.
A Comprehensive Exploration of Pharmacological Properties, Bioactivities And Inhibitory Potentiality of Luteolin From Tridax Procumbens As Anticancer Drug By In-Silico Approach
Authors: Lakhera Shradha , Rana Meenakshi , Devlal Kamal , Celik Ismail , Yadav Rohitash 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Tridax procumbens is a flowering plant of the Asteraceae family with a wide range of medicinal uses like anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, immunomodulatory, etc. This study aimed to investigate the anti-cancerous activity of human lung cancer for targeting Luteolin, a phytochemical of Tridax procumbens. The computational study has been done for studying the structural properties of Luteolin. The drug-likeness of the molecule has been predicted by virtual screening of ADMET properties. The molecular docking technique of the in-silico method is performed to check the complex formation between protein and ligand. The reactivity and stability of the molecule are investigated with the help of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In the present work, we have tried to establish a strong candidature of any of the phytochemical of Feverfew as an inhibitor against human lung cancer.