bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The digest framework: concurrency-sensitivity for abstract interpretation
Authors: Schwarz Michael , Erhard Julian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Thread-modular approaches to static analysis help mitigate the state space explosion encountered when analyzing multi-threaded programs. This is enabled by abstracting away some aspects of interactions between threads. We propose the notion of concurrency-sensitivity, which determines how an analysis takes the computation history of a multi-threaded program into account to exclude spurious thread interactions. Just as for other form of sensitivity, such as flow-, context, and path-sensitivity, there is a trade-off to be made between precision and scalability. The choice of concurrency-sensitivity is typically hard-coded into the analysis. However, the suitability of a chosen sensitivity hinges on the program and property to be analyzed. We thus propose to decouple the concurrency-sensitivity from the analysis and realize this in a generic framework. The framework allows for the seamless incorporation of custom abstractions of the computation history of a thread, so-called digests, to exclude spurious thread interactions. While concrete digests track properties precisely, the framework enables further abstraction through abstract digests. These may decrease analysis cost while hopefully retaining precision for the property of interest. We propose digests that, e.g., track held mutexes, thread IDs, or observed events. Digests tailored to programming language features, such as condition variables or recursive mutexes, highlight the framework’s versatility.
Pressure-improved Scott–Vogelius type elements
Authors: Bohne Nis-Erik , Gräßle Benedikt , Sauter Stefan A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe Scott–Vogelius element is a popular finite element for the discretization of the Stokes equations which enjoys inf-sup stability and gives divergence-free velocity approximations. However, it is well known that the convergence rates for the discrete pressure deteriorate in the presence of certain critical vertices in a triangulation of the domain. Modifications of the Scott–Vogelius element such as the recently introduced pressure-wired Stokes element also suffer from this effect. In this paper we introduce a simple modification strategy for these pressure spaces that preserves the inf-sup stability while the pressure converges at an optimal rate.
Fatal dengue virus infection in an unvaccinated traveler
Authors: Steinke Jonathan , Di Cristanziano Veronica , Naendrup Jan-Hendrik , Cadar Dániel , Gabriel Martin , Grosser Roger , Sieg Noëlle , Altenrath Lisa , Welters Jesko , Simonis Alexander , Sprute Rosanne , Garcia Borrega Jorge , Steger Gertrud , Schmidt-Chanasit Jonas , Shimabukuro-Vornhagen Alexander , Gruell Henning 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDengue is an increasing threat to individuals living in or visiting endemic countries. Effective vaccines have become available, but their use in travelers is typically only recommended to individuals with documented prior infection. We present a fatal case of severe dengue in an unvaccinated traveler without known prior dengue virus infection but longitudinal serologic and molecular evidence for secondary infection. In the context of this case and vaccination guidance for travelers, we discuss pre-vaccination screening, potential implications for travelers to regions with ongoing outbreaks, and emphasize the importance of serostatus-independent vaccines.
Representations of the Super-Yangian of Type D(n, m)
Authors: Molev A. I. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe consider the classification problem for finite-dimensional irreducible representations of the Yangians associated with the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebras $$\mathfrak {osp}_{2n|2m}$$

osp

2
n
|
2
m

with $$n\geqslant 2$$

n
⩾
2

. We give necessary conditions for an irreducible highest weight representation to be finite-dimensional. We conjecture that these conditions are also sufficient and prove the conjecture for a class of representations with linear highest weights. The arguments are based on a new type of odd reflections for the Yangian associated with $$\mathfrak {osp}_{2|2}$$

osp

2
|
2

. In the Appendix, we construct an isomorphism between the Yangians associated with the Lie superalgebras $$\mathfrak {osp}_{2|2}$$

osp

2
|
2

and $$\mathfrak {gl}_{1|2}$$

gl

1
|
2

.
Lost in Translation: The Conceptual Drift from the Identity Status Interview to Questionnaire Measures
Authors: Carlsson Johanna , Wängqvist Maria , Syed Moin , Frisén Ann 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe identity status model (Marcia et al., J Pers Soc Psychol 3:551--558, 1966)
is a widely used framework for identity research in adolescence and adulthood. This paper explores the conceptual and empirical relations between two identity status assessments – the identity status interview (Marcia et al., in Ego identity, Springer, New York, 1993) and the Dimensions of Identity Development Scale (DIDS; Luyckx et al. in J Res Person, 42:58–82, 2008) ). Study 1 was a systematic review of studies that have statistically derived identity statuses based on the DIDS (k = 42 samples), revealing pronounced inconsistencies in the meaning and interpretations in the classifications. Study 2 examined the factor structure of the DIDS across three Swedish samples (N = 429), and then in a subsample of 123 young adults examined correspondence between the DIDS and the identity status interview. Although there were the expected correlations between commitment and exploration processes using the two methods, when the DIDS processes were plotted over the identity statuses as assessed in the identity status interview, expected relations were only detected for the moratorium status, and not for identity achievement, foreclosure, or diffusion. Together, our findings show that aside from the intentional changes made from Marcia’s identity status model to the dual-cycle model, there have been what appear to be a less intentional drift in the definition and operationalization of the core constructs shared by the two models. The findings highlight the need to keep the complexity in identity research, as the risk of getting lost in translation in measurement development is apparent.
Finding the Connections: A Scoping Review of Epistemic Network Analysis in Science Education
Authors: Reid Joshua W. , Parrish Jennifer , Syed Shifath Bin , Couch Brock 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs science education scholars learn more about how people learn, instructors have begun to shift from teaching science as lists of facts and asking students to synthesize ideas into cognitive models or networks. Therefore, the methodologies we use to understand students’ and instructors’ ways of knowing need to capture this complexity. Within education, one methodology that has emerged to capture this complexity is epistemic network analysis (ENA). ENA is a potentially useful tool for understanding connections between people’s ideas and cognitive constructs. Because of its mixed methods approach, ENA is able to provide the depth of qualitative analysis and allow synthesis and comparison across large quantities of data. In this review, we present findings from a scoping literature review of ENA in science education. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 framework, we extracted data from 19 articles. This data consisted of both context-related variables (i.e., disciplinary field) and application-based variables (i.e., theoretical frameworks, research design). Finally, we discuss the findings from this review and their implications for science education.
In situ analysis of magnesium ([NH4]2Mg[CO3]2·4H2O), copper ([NH3]2Cu(CO3)), and zinc ((NH3)Zn(CO3)) ammonium carbonate thermal properties
Authors: Ammar Mohamed , Dambrauskas Tadas , Parvin Sahanaz , Gonzalez‐Casamachin Diego Alexander , Baltakys Kestutis , Baltrusaitis Jonas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThree metal ammonium (ammonia) carbonate double salts were mechanochemically synthesized including magnesium ammonium carbonate ([NH4]2Mg[CO3]2·4H2O, MAC), copper ammonium carbonate ([NH3]2Cu(CO3), CAC), and zinc ammonium carbonate ((NH3)Zn(CO3), ZAC), and their crystallinity and thermal stability were investigated using in situ X-ray diffraction. The crystal structures were investigated in the temperature interval from 25 to 355 °C. MAC exhibited relatively low thermal stability with its crystal structure rapidly losing crystalline water as well as ammonium ions already at 85 °C and transforming into an amorphous carbonate, as confirmed by in situ infrared spectroscopy. CAC and ZAC exhibited loss of the corresponding NH3 at much higher temperatures transforming into a mixture of the corresponding metal oxides according to the XRD with the outer layer of the carbonate, as suggested by infrared spectroscopy measurements. The thermogravimetric analysis has been carried out to investigate the thermal degradation behavior. Initial fast mass loss was observed in the parent [NH4]2CO3 already under 100 °C with complex mass loss patterns from basic carbonate precursors achieving stable mass at above 500 °C for magnesium carbonate. CAC and ZAC inherited intermediate responses to temperature when compared to the precursors exhibiting stable mass at ~ 300 °C. This can be associated with the distinct crystal structure of the compounds whereby CAC and ZAC exhibit strong bonds with metal ions, while in MAC crystalline water contributes to lower stability of the crystal as well as the loosely bound ammonium ion. Infrared spectra were obtained and interpreted at room temperature followed by their in situ thermal analysis up to 250 °C in attenuated total reflection mode. Changes in the complex room temperature spectra with increasing temperature were interpreted as loss of N–H bonds, as confirmed by the concurrent decrease in the 3350–3000 and 1248 cm−1 band region. It was found that ZAC was the most thermally stable compound among the three double salts. The thermal data obtained in this work have practical implications for nutrient recovery and their release in the environment.
Minimum reduced-order models via causal inference
Authors: Chen Nan , Liu Honghu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractConstructing sparse, effective reduced-order models (ROMs) for high-dimensional dynamical data is an active area of research in applied sciences. In this work, we study an efficient approach to identifying such sparse ROMs using an information-theoretic indicator called causation entropy. Given a feature library of possible building block terms for the sought ROMs, the causation entropy ranks the importance of each term to the dynamics conveyed by the training data before a parameter estimation procedure is performed. It thus allows for an efficient construction of a hierarchy of ROMs with varying degrees of sparsity to effectively handle different tasks. This article examines the ability of the causation entropy to identify skillful sparse ROMs when a relatively high-dimensional ROM is required to emulate the dynamics conveyed by the training dataset. We demonstrate that a Gaussian approximation of the causation entropy still performs exceptionally well even in presence of highly non-Gaussian statistics. Such approximations provide an efficient way to access the otherwise hard to compute causation entropies when the selected feature library contains a large number of candidate functions. Besides recovering long-term statistics, we also demonstrate good performance of the obtained ROMs in recovering unobserved dynamics via data assimilation with partial observations, a test that has not been done before for causation-based ROMs of partial differential equations. The paradigmatic Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation placed in a chaotic regime with highly skewed, multimodal statistics is utilized for these purposes.
Competitive Price Discrimination in Asymmetric Oligopoly
Authors: Rhee Ki-Eun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSegmentation seldom results in symmetric market demands in the real world. We allow the demands in the segmented markets to exhibit asymmetric market characteristics across firms as well as markets, and study the effects of asymmetries on equilibrium prices and profits under price discrimination. Using a standard linear demand system for differentiated oligopolies, we show that both best-response symmetry and best-response asymmetry can arise—dependent on the parameter values. Distinguishing between inter-market and inter-firm parameter asymmetries, we find that the former is consequential in determining equilibrium price rankings as well as best-response (a)symmetries, while the latter controls the overall competitiveness of a segmented market and thus influences equilibrium profits. We also find that profits tend to increase with strong asymmetries, which results in enhanced profits with discrimination under the environments of best-response asymmetry. This result highlights the importance of a market expansion effect that is often overlooked in the best-response asymmetry literature that employs a unit-demand Hotelling structure.
Help-Seeking and Disclosure in University Students with Suicidal Thoughts and Self-Harm: A Systematic Review
Authors: Barnett Phoebe , Tickell Alice , Osborn Thomas , Delamain Henry , Fonagy Peter , Pilling Stephen , Gibbon Laura 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSuicide is a serious problem among university students. As suicidal thoughts and self-harm are predictive of completed suicide, students experiencing these problems would benefit from seeking support. This systematic review synthesised research on help-seeking in university students with suicidal thoughts and self-harm, including rates, sources, and associated factors. Searches were conducted in Medline, PsychINFO, and ERIC (inception to 10/11/2023) and grey literature databases PsycEXTRA and BASE (inception to 23/12/2023) for population-based epidemiological or qualitative studies. Findings were narratively synthesised. Twenty-two studies using 16 unique datasets were included. Most studies were US-based. Over half of the students with suicidal thoughts and self-harm did not seek or receive help for their mental health while at university, with lower rates in men and ethnic minority groups. Demographic, social and service-use influencing factors were identified. The low rates of help-seeking identified in this at-risk group highlight the need for research into interventions to improve help-seeking as part of suicide prevention efforts.
Laparoscopic Reversal of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass with Hand-Sewn Gastro-Gastrostomy and Resection of the Alimentary Limb
Authors: Gero Daniel , Hawkins William , Pring Christopher , Slater Guy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) reversal might be necessary to alleviate refractory surgical or nutritional complications, such as postprandial hypoglycemia, malnutrition, marginal ulceration, malabsorption, chronic diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, gastro-esophageal reflux disease, chronic pain, or excessive weight loss. The surgical technique of RYGB reversal is not standardized; potential strategies include the following: (1) gastro-gastrostomy: hand-sewn technique, linear stapler, circular stapler; (2) handling of the Roux limb: reconnection or resection (if remaining intestinal length ≥ 4 m).

Case Presentation
We demonstrate the surgical technique of a laparoscopic reversal of RYGB with hand-sewn gastro-gastrostomy and resection of the alimentary limb with the aim of improving the patient’s quality of life. The gastric pouch is horizontally divided proximal to the previous staple line. A hand-sewn end to end anastomosis is created between the distal gastric pouch and the horizontal part of the gastric remnant adjacent to the lesser curve. The posterior wall is sutured in two layers. The anterior layer is closed with continuous 3-0 PDS full-thickness stitches over a 36-French oro-gastric calibration bougie. After evaluation of intestinal limbs and ruling out of hernial defects, the alimentary limb is divided just above the jejuno-jejunal Roux-anastomosis and is resected.

Conclusion
Reversal of RYGB is a precious treatment option for otherwise unmanageable postbariatric complications in well-selected cases. The operation should be performed in high volume bariatric centers after multidisciplinary patient preparation. The early and late complications of the reversal are higher than the rates seen in primary MBS; therefore, patients should be informed and monitored accordingly to ensure the best achievable outcomes.
Identifying adolescents’ victimization experiences: a latent profile analysis approach
Authors: Peras Igor , Pivec Tina , Kališnik Anja , Košir Katja 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the profiles of students involved in different forms of victimization using a person-centered approach. It examines the associated psychosocial characteristics, including bullying perpetration, peer support, self-perceived personality, loneliness, social self-concept, and negative affect. A sample of 2081 students (59% girls; Mage = 15.49, SD = 1.51) was analyzed. Latent profile analysis (LPA) identified three distinct profiles based on experiences of verbal, relational, and cyber victimization: nonvictims (89.8%), moderate victims (5.3%), and severe victims (4.9%). The analysis revealed significant differences among the profiles, with severe victims exhibiting the poorest psychosocial outcomes, characterized by high levels of loneliness, negative affect, and poor social self-concept. Moderate victims showed similarities to nonvictims in most characteristics, yet their role in bullying perpetration suggests they might be bully-victims. Nonvictims demonstrated the most favorable psychosocial profile. These findings indicate that victimization experiences are heterogeneous, with severe victims being the most negatively impacted. The study highlights the importance of differentiating between levels of victimization in research and practice to better address the needs of affected students. Future research should further explore the nuanced roles of moderate victims and the implications for intervention strategies.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Management and Outcomes
Authors: Ilonze Onyedika J. , Mazimba Sula 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review discusses the state of racial and ethnic inequities in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) focusing on disease burden, risk factors, management, and outcomes. The review also highlights an implementation science-based framework for alleviating disparities and improving quality equitable care.

Recent Findings
HFpEF is common, underdiagnosed, and characterized by uneven distribution of risk factors across racial and ethnic groups. Modest advances in HFpEF therapeutic agents have been made recently but access may be suboptimal in minoritized racial and ethnic groups. Phenocopies of HFpEF are also increasingly being recognized in Black populations.

Summary
Despite recent advances in understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment, HFpEF remains under-recognized in Black and Hispanic patients. Racial and ethnic inequities undergird disparities across the continuum of HFpEF care from access to specialized cardiovascular care to the utilization of guideline-directed therapies. Sodium-glucose cotransport 2 inhibitors are effective in HFpEF but are underutilized in minoritized racial and ethnic groups. There is a need for increased diagnostic certainty of phenocopies of HFpEF such as cardiac amyloidosis and hypertensive heart disease. Multi-pronged strategic interventions are critically needed to decrease racial and ethnic disparities across the HFpEF care continuum and foster improved outcomes for all patients.

Key points
•Racial and ethnic disparities in heart failure including HFpEF are widely prevalent and influence adverse outcomes.
• Underdiagnosis of HFpEF is a common diagnostic challenge often encountered clinically as “unexplained dyspnea”.
• Biological factors (such as low levels of brain natriuretic peptide in African Americans) and other operational factors such as the application of clinical risk scores derived from non-diverse cohorts may diminish ascertainment of HFpEF diagnosis in African American patients.
• Phenocopies of HFpEF such as infiltrative cardiomyopathies, hypertensive heart disease, and/or HCM need to be considered in the diagnostic schema of unexplained dyspnea.
• Guideline-directed pharmacologic therapy and cardiac rehabilitation are generally underutilized in racial and ethnic minority groups.
• Implementation science-based approaches that incorporate social determinants of health are required to achieve health equity and optimize HFpEF care.
Design study of a camera system for Earth observation as a payload on the small satellite ROMEO
Authors: Starzmann Dominik , Loeffler Thorben , Petri Jona , Bargiel Damian , Eidmann David , Denk Michael , Conrad Christopher , Klinkner Sabine 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe importance of a safe food supply has increased due to climate change and its consequences. The number and severity of floods, droughts and plant diseases are rising which causes massive crop failures. Early and precise detection of plant diseases can lower crop failures as it enables early containment. Moreover, it promotes the targeted use of pesticides to protect the biodiversity. Satellite sensors improve the detection of plant diseases by enabling frequent and extensive vegetation observation. Hence, we present the design of a camera system for Earth observation on small satellites with a focus on the detection of plant diseases. The disease detection of sugar beets was chosen as the primary objective due to their importance for the German agriculture. This work is divided into two parts. First, the spectra of sugar beets are analyzed to determine spectral channels for a camera system. Second, a camera system is defined to capture spectral information within the previously defined wavelength ranges. The spectra of healthy and diseased sugar beets were measured in fields for agricultural research in Central Germany using a portable spectroradiometer. The investigated diseases are Cercospora leaf spot and virus yellows, which are among the most important pathogens worldwide. Based on the measured data, the so-called Normalized Difference Sugar Beet Index (NDSBI) is defined, which is a custom index to detect these diseases. We can prove that this index enables more precise detection of these sugar beet diseases than existing indices like the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The camera system is designed as a payload for the small satellite Research and Observation in Medium Earth Orbit (ROMEO), which is being developed at the University of Stuttgart’s (US) Institute of Space Systems (IRS). The proposed design fulfills the high radiation requirements as well as the system constraints of mass and volume. Three different options for the camera system are developed: two designs for the development at the US, one with lens optics and one with mirror optics, and an adjusted commercial camera system. All defined camera systems permit the measurement of the NDSBI to precisely detect sugar beet diseases.