bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of ABCC8 and KCNJ11 gene variants with type 1 diabetes in south Indians
Authors: Reddy Shilpa , Maddhuri Sailaja , Nallari Pratibha , Ananthapur Venkateshwari , Kalyani Srinivas , Krishna Murali , Cherkuri Nirmala , Patibandala Sireesha 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (TIDM) is a polygenic disorder with the involvement of several genetic and environmental risk factors. Mutation in genes namely ABCC8 and KCNJ11 disrupt the potentiality of KATP channel and regulates the secretion of insulin by detecting a change in the blood glucose level and consequently maintains glucose homeostasis. The present study was designed to investigate the association of ABCC8 and KCNJ11gene polymorphisms with type 1 diabetes. A case-control study was conducted enrolling 60 cases suffering from T1DM and 60 healthy controls of comparable age and sex. Gene variations were determined by PCR-RFLP and ARMS-PCR method.

Results
The ABCC8-3C > T (rs1799854) variation was found to be significantly associated with T1DM (p<0.01) and “CT” genotype was found to be predominant in T1DM with a threefold increased risk to diabetes and the association was statistically significant. However, we did not find any significant association of C>T (rs1801261) polymorphism of ABCC8 with T1DM. A significant association was observed for genetic variation at rs5219 C>T polymorphism and the frequency of TT genotype was found to be significantly higher in patients (46.7%) than in controls (21.7%), indicating the significant role of the KCNJ11 rs5219 variant in T1DM susceptibility (p<0.001), but we did not observe any significant association of G>A (rs5215) polymorphism of KCNJ11 with T1DM. In addition, haplotype analysis of the two genes revealed four haplotypes such as T-C-G-T, T-C-A-T, C-C-G-T, and T-T-G-T as risk haplotypes for type 1 diabetes (p<0.02) potentially making individual effects of these variants on the disease susceptibility, thereby indicating the synergistic role of these genes in the regulation of glucose homeostasis.

Conclusions
The present study highlights the importance of personalized medicine based on individual genetic profile.
Multivariate optimization of liquid chromatographic conditions for determination of dapagliflozin and saxagliptin, application to an in vitro dissolution and stability studies
Authors: Gurrala Sunitha , Raj Shiva , Subrahmanyam C. V. S. , Anumolu Panikumar D. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundAnalytical quality by design driven HPLC method has been optimized for simultaneous estimation of dapagliflozin and saxagliptin in pharmaceutical dosage form. Response surface methodology was employed for optimization of experimental conditions using three factors such as organic phase (%), pH of aqueous phase, and flow rate of mobile phase.ResultsVirtuous separation of analytes was achieved with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile: phosphate buffer, pH 5.8 (26:74% v/v) with flow rate 0.96 mL/min using SPOLAR C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μ) with run time 6 min and UV detection at 236 nm. Retention time for dapagliflozin and saxagliptin were found to be 3.5 and 5.0 min, respectively. Method was validated as per ICH guidelines. The plot between peak area vs concentration for dapagliflozin and saxagliptin were rectilinear in the range of 0.2-300 μg/mL and 0.1-150 μg/mL respectively with detection and quantification limits were 0.061 and 0.18 μg/mL for dapagliflozin and 0.014 and 0.043 μg/mL for saxagliptin, respectively.ConclusionThe proposed method was exploited for assay, in vitro dissolution, and stability studies of target drugs in marketed dosage form.
Prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms among people influenced by coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak: A meta-analysis
Authors: Qiu Dan , Li Yilu , Li Ling , He Jun , Ouyang Feiyun , Xiao Shuiyuan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background
As one of the most widely researched consequence of traumatic events, the prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms among people exposed to the trauma resulting from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak varies greatly across studies. This review aimed at examining the pooled prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms among people exposed to the trauma resulting from COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods
Systematic searches of databases were conducted for literature published on PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, PsycArticle, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure until October 14, 2020. Statistical analyses were performed using R software (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020180309).

Results
A total of 106,713 people exposed to the trauma resulting from the COVID-19 outbreak were identified in the 76 articles, of which 33,810 were reported with post-traumatic stress symptoms. The pooled prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms among people exposed to the trauma resulting from COVID-19 outbreak was 28.34%, with a 95% confidence interval of 23.03-34.32%. Subgroup analysis indicated that older age, male and bigger sample size were associated with higher prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms. After controlling for other factors, the results of meta-regression showed that the influence of gender and sample size on prevalence is no longer significant.

Conclusions
Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were very common among people exposed to the trauma resulting from COVID-19 outbreak. Further research is needed to explore more possible risk factors for post-traumatic stress symptoms and identify effective strategies for preventing PTSD-related symptoms among people exposed to the trauma resulting from COVID-19 outbreak.
Characterization of the Action of Tachykinin Signaling on Pulsatile LH Secretion in Male Mice
Authors: Talbi Rajae , Ferrari Kaitlin , Choi Ji Hae , Gerutshang Achi , McCarthy Elizabeth A , Dischino Daniel , León Silvia , Navarro Víctor M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The alternation of the stimulatory action of the tachykinin neurokinin B (NKB) and the inhibitory action of dynorphin within arcuate (ARH) Kiss1 neurons has been proposed as the mechanism behind the generation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulses through the pulsatile release of kisspeptin. However, we have recently documented that GnRH pulses still exist in gonadectomized mice in the absence of tachykinin signaling. Here, we document an increase in basal frequency and amplitude of luteinizing hormone (LH) pulses in intact male mice deficient in substance P, neurokinin A (NKA) signaling (Tac1KO), and NKB signaling (Tac2KO and Tacr3KO). Moreover, we offer evidence that a single bolus of the NKB receptor agonist senktide to gonad-intact wild-type males increases the basal release of LH without changing its frequency. Altogether, these data support the dispensable role of the individual tachykinin systems in the generation of LH pulses. Moreover, the increased activity of the GnRH pulse generator in intact KO male mice suggests the existence of compensation by additional mechanisms in the generation of kisspeptin/GnRH pulses.
Measuring Race and Ancestry in the Age of Genetic Testing
Authors: Johfre Sasha Shen , Saperstein Aliya , Hollenbach Jill A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Will the rise of genetic ancestry tests (GATs) change how Americans respond to questions about race and ancestry on censuses and surveys? To provide an answer, we draw on a unique study of more than 100,000 U.S. adults that inquired about respondents' race, ancestry, and genealogical knowledge. We find that people in our sample who have taken a GAT, compared with those who have not, are more likely to self-identify as multiracial and are particularly likely to select three or more races. This difference in multiple-race reporting stems from three factors: (1) people who identify as multiracial are more likely to take GATs; (2) GAT takers are more likely to report multiple regions of ancestral origin; and (3) GAT takers more frequently translate reported ancestral diversity into multiracial self-identification. Our results imply that Americans will select three or more races at higher rates in future demographic data collection, with marked increases in multiple-race reporting among middle-aged adults. We also present experimental evidence that asking questions about ancestry before racial identification moderates some of these GAT-linked reporting differences. Demographers should consider how the meaning of U.S. race data may be changing as more Americans are exposed to information from GATs.
Contribution of Genomics to the Surgical Management and Study of Oral Cancer
Authors: Saidak Zuzana , Lailler Claire , Testelin Sylvie , Chauffert Bruno , Clatot Florian , Galmiche Antoine 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most frequent type of tumor arising from the oral cavity. Surgery is the cornerstone of the treatment of these cancers. Tumor biology has long been overlooked as an important contributor to the outcome of surgical procedures, but recent studies are challenging this concept. Molecular analyses of tumor DNA or RNA provide a rich source of information about the biology of OSCC.

Methods
We searched for relevant articles using PubMed. We examined in particular the prospect of applying molecular methods for minimally invasive exploration of OSCC biology.

Results
We examined five potential applications of genomics to the surgical management and study of OSCC: i) assessing oral potentially malignant lesions; ii) tumor staging prior to surgery; iii) predicting postoperative risk in locally advanced tumors; iv) measuring minimal residual disease and optimizing the longitudinal monitoring of OSCC; and v) predicting the efficacy of medical treatment.

Conclusions
Genomic information can be harnessed in order to identify new biomarkers that could improve the staging, choice of therapy and management of OSCC. The identification of new biomarkers is awaited for better personalization of the surgical treatment of OSCC.
КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ ДИАГНОСТИКИ СТРОНГИЛОИДОЗА У ПАЦИЕНТА В ХРОНИЧЕСКОМ КРИТИЧЕСКОМ СОСТОЯНИИ НА ФОНЕ ТЯЖЕЛОГО ПОРАЖЕНИЯ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА
Authors: Samchuk Maria G. , Panasenkova Olga G. , Yakovleva Alexandra V. , Yakovlev Alexey A. , Shchelkunova Inessa G. 
Published: April 2021

Состояние вопроса. У 100 % пациентов, поступивших в реанимационные отделения Федерального научно-клинического центра реаниматологии и реабилитологии (ФНКЦ РР) в хроническом критическом состоянии (ХКС), обусловленном различными поражениями головного мозга, наблюдается полиморбидность, которая обуславливает наслоение и мозаичность симптоматики. При этом своевременная диагностика и терапия всех сопутствующих заболеваний является одним из важнейших аспектов ранней нейрореабилитации в условиях отделения анестезиологии и реанимации, а отсутствие патогномоничной и четко-дифференцированной симптоматики определяет необходимость использования четких диагностических алгоритмов и диктует необходимость повышенной настороженности у персонала.
Материалы и методы. В работе описан случай стронгилоидоза на фоне тяжелой редицивирующей полисегментарной пневмонии и колита неясной этиологии у пациента в ХКС. Описан процесс дифференциальной диагностики клинической картины колита, а также проведенные после выявления глистной инвазии противоэпидемические мероприятия.
Результаты. В ФНКЦ РР обследование на наличие глистных инвазий проводится каждому пациенту с учетом общего состояния, связанного с ХКС и иммуносупрессией. Учитывая очень низкий процент выявления любой глистной инвазии при однократном обследовании, также предложен алгоритм диагностики глистных инвазий у пациентов в ХКС: трехкратное проведение лабораторного исследования на глистные инвазии (при поступлении в стационар, при появлении клинических симптомов и через десять дней после начала клиники).
Заключение. Такой подход позволяет исключить гиподиагностику глистной инвазии, в том числе начать своевременно лечение при выявлении, а также принять своевременные меры направленные на недопущение распространения инвазии в условиях лечебного стационара.
The relationship between the sensory processing and occupational motor skills of children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Kashefimehr Babak , Huri Meral , Kayihan Hulya , Havaei Naser 
Published: April 2021

Background/Aims Motor skills difficulties may affect participation and communication in children with autism. Sensory processing problems are well-known problems in children with autism, so sensory processing could be important to predicate motor skills. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between sensory processing and occupational motor skills and the ability to predict motor skill performances using sensory abilities. Methods A total of 31 children with autism participated in the study. The Sensory Profile questionnaire and Short Child Occupational Profile tool were used to assess the sensory ability and occupational motor skills of the children (boys=90.3%; mean age=5.45 years ± 1.73 years). The backward method of correlation coefficient analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and multiple regressions were used for statistical analysis. Results There was a significant relationship between occupational motor skills and sensory processing capabilities of children. The regression prediction equation was statistically significant in all sections of sensory processing except for oral processing (F (6.24)=4.46, P=0.004), with a value of R2=0.527 and R2Adj=0.409. Modelling motor skills based on sensory processing capabilities of children showed that the regression prediction equation was statistically significant (F (2.28) =11.87, P<0.001); with the value of R2=0.459 and R2Adj=0.420. In the final model, the factors of auditory processing and multi-sensory were found effective in children's motor skills (P<0.05). Conclusions Sensory processing is related to occupational motor skills and can help to predict occupational motor skill issues of children with autism spectrum disorder. This could be helpful to develop appropriate treatments to improve the functional motor skills of children with autism.
A Feasibility Study for a Smartphone-Based Vibratory Bowl System for Peanut Sorting
Authors: Li Rui , Velaga Hima , Zhao Zhuo , Tse Zion T.H. 
Published: April 2021

HighlightsConventional peanut sorting and harvest day prediction were time-consuming and inefficient.A smartphone-based vibratory bowl system was fabricated for fast peanut sorting.The system could transport and sort 200 peanuts in less than 5 minutes.The accuracy of peanut counting was greater than 87%, and the accuracy of color detection was greater than 90%.Abstract. Peanut is an important crop in the southern region of the United States. The southeastern states of Georgia, Florida, and Alabama account for over two-thirds of peanut production. Determining an optimum harvest maturity for peanuts is critical to the industry because it directly impacts the yield and quality of the peanuts. The conventional way of determining peanut maturity is a visual inspection method that could take a long time to generate unreliable and inconsistent results due to human errors. In this study, a new method of determining peanut harvest time was proposed. The black peanuts, which is a class of ready-to-pick one, were selected through an automated process. The machine consists of two processes. The transport process used a mechanism of bowl vibration to align the peanuts into a line before entering the second process-the automated sorter, which would separate the peanuts according to their maturity level. Base on the transport analysis, the vibrational bowl was able to transport 200 peanuts to the automated sorter for less than 5 minutes. As for the sorting process, the experimental results showed the accuracy of peanut counting was more than 87%. The average F1 score for peanut color sorting was greater than 90%. All the findings suggested it is feasible to use a smartphone-based vibratory bowl system for fast peanut counting and color sorting. Keywords: Dynamic color detection, Image processing, Peanut maturity, Vibrational bowl.
A New Frame-Based Calibration Method for Extended Octagonal Ring Transducers
Authors: Aikins Kojo Atta , Desbiolles Jack M. A. , Jensen Troy A. , Antille Diogenes L. 
Published: April 2021

HighlightsA simple frame was built to hold and apply uniaxial and biaxial loads to octagonal ring transducers for calibration.Similar results were obtained with the frame as with a universal tensile testing machine.The transducer outputs exhibited low cross-sensitivities and hysteresis (=0.4%), and R2 = 0.9998.The frame is portable and safe, and its concept can be adapted to take a wide range of non-gravitational loads.Abstract. An extended octagonal ring transducer (EORT) is a simple, single, and compact biaxial force measuring transducer, which is ideal for soil force measurement in tillage tool research. Calibration of EORTs is needed to ascertain their sensitivities and to determine an accurate calibration equation to convert voltage output to force measurement. Typically, calibration of EORTs involves the use of universal tensile testing machines, hydraulic systems and large gravitational loads (hanging weights) to apply loads. In this study, a simple calibration frame that enables application of non-gravitational loads was evaluated and used to hold and calibrate an EORT through both uniaxial and biaxial loading. The frame was suitable for both uniaxial and biaxial application of offset coincident force up to 3000 N and centered perpendicular force up to 1500 N. The EORT exhibited a strong linear relationship (R2 = 0.9998) between applied forces and voltage outputs, low hysteresis errors (=0.4%), and low cross-sensitivities (3.61% and 1.6% for coincident and perpendicular forces, respectively). Calibration equations developed from the primary bridge output data or from the biaxial loading data using the frame produced good force predictions, which also improved when taking into account the impacts of cross-sensitivity. The results confirmed that this calibration approach can integrate the interactions of output cross-sensitivity to deliver more accurate force prediction. Coefficients of determination of the relationships between applied and predicted forces were 0.9993 to 0.9996 and 0.9877 to 0.9984 for coincident and perpendicular forces, respectively. This calibration frame presents potential for safely applying large, non-gravitational loads in a contained and portable manner and its concept can easily be adapted to suit the scale of the transducer. Keywords: Biaxial loading, Cross-sensitivity, EORT calibration, Offset coincident force, Uniaxial loading.
Effectiveness of Manure Pit Additive in Reducing Emissions and Solids
Authors: Duong Cuong Manh , Wang Haipeng , Lim Teng-Teeh 
Published: April 2021

HighlightsA simple design was applied to simulate long-term manure storage for pit additive effectiveness.Odor reduction was observed after six months, suggesting some additives take time to show effects.Low reductions of total solids and volatile solids were observed only for the 200% dosage treatment.Nutrient contents were not affected by the additive during the long-term storage.Abstract. Odor emissions have always been a challenge for intensive animal operations. Various pit additives continue to be developed and improved to mitigate odor and manure solids. A commercial, biological additive was evaluated in a laboratory setting for effectiveness in reducing manure solids as well as gas and odor concentrations. In a short-term experiment (Experiment 1), twelve 3.79-L (1-gal) glass jars were used to mimic semi-long-term manure storage. The experiment was conducted in triplicate with four treatments consisting of dosages of 0, 50%, 100%, and 200% of manufacturer recommendations. The stored manure was analyzed for pH, total solids (TS), and volatile solid (VS) contents, as well as ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) concentrations. After the additive application method and dosages were verified, a long-term experiment (Experiment 2) was conducted in triplicate by using nine 15-cm (6-in.) ID, 1.52-m (5-ft.) long PVC reactors with different treatments: control, 100%, and 200% dosage. No statistical differences were observed for pH, NH3, and H2S between the control and treatment groups in both experiments. Low reductions of TS and VS were observed only for the 200% dosage group in Experiment 1. Odor concentration, after decimal logarithm transformation, was significantly reduced only at the 200% dosage treatment at the end of Experiment 2 (p &lt; 0.05). Nutrient contents were similar among the groups, which confirmed that the additive did not alter manure nutrients during the long-term treatment period. Keywords: Deep-pit, Manure storage, Microbial activity, Mitigation, Odor.
Establishing a Physiology-Yield-Quality Evaluation Model for Optimizing Drip Irrigation on Grape Fields in Extremely Arid Regions
Authors: Wen Yue , Wang Zhenhua , Guo Li , Li Wenhao 
Published: April 2021

HighlightsRegulated deficit irrigation and fertilization ratio were used to test grapes in extremely arid areas.Physiology, yield, and quality indexes of drip irrigation grapes were analyzed accordingly in this study.Single and comprehensive evaluation models were used to evaluate the optimal water and fertilizer treatment.Abstract. Water shortage and chemical fertilizer abuse are important factors restricting grape industry development in Xinjiang. In this study, the physiology, yield and quality indexes of drip irrigation grapes were analyzed, and the water-fertilizer system was properly optimized by a model of combination of single evaluation methods and comprehensive evaluation methods. Five irrigation schemes and three fertilizer ratios were combined to form 15 treatments in Xinjiang, China. Results showed that irrigation and fertilization had different effects on physiology, yield, and quality indicators of grapes in different growth periods, and each index cannot reach its maximum value under the same treatment. Four single evaluation methods of Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Membership Function Analysis (MFA), Gray Correlation Analysis (GCA), and TOPSIS were used to evaluate grapes of 15 water and fertilizer treatments, but there were 9 treatments with a ranking standard deviation greater than 1.0, which was over 60% of all treatments. Through four comprehensive evaluation methods of Average Value, Borda, Copeland, and Fuzzy Borda, single evaluation results were analyzed, and the standard deviations of 13 treatments ranked 1.0 or below, more than 80% of all treatments, and Average Value comprehensive method had the highest compatibility. Therefore, the combination of Average Value method and four single evaluation methods is an appropriate evaluation model. It was determined that W4F2 was the optimal treatment which was performed regulated deficit irrigation in the berry mature period, the irrigation amount, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers were sequentially controlled to 694 mm, 235.7, 235.7, and 353.6 kg·ha-1, and its ranking was ranked first under the four comprehensive evaluation methods. This study can provide theoretical guidance for the combined evaluation of water and fertilizer use of drip irrigation grapes in extremely arid regions. Keywords: Comprehensive model evaluation, Extremely arid regions, Drip irrigation grapes, Physiology-yield-quality effects, Single method evaluation.