bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term survival of an adolescent glioblastoma patient under treatment with vinblastine and valproic acid illustrates importance of methylation profiling
Authors: Kresbach Catena , Bronsema Annika , Guerreiro Helena , Rutkowski Stefan , Schüller Ulrich , Winkler Beate 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is an exceptionally aggressive brain tumor with a dismal prognosis, demanding fast and precise classification as a base for patient-specific treatment strategies. Here, we report on an adolescent patient with a histologically bona fide GBM that shows a molecular methylation profile suggesting a low-grade glioma-like subgroup. Despite an early relapse, intolerance of temozolomide, and change of treatment strategy to vinblastine and valproic acid (VPA), the patient is now in good clinical condition after more than 5 years since initial diagnosis. This case stresses the merit of methylation array data for clinical prognosis and treatment planning.
Publication activity of chief and consultant general/visceral surgeons in German university hospitals—a ten-year analysis
Authors: Böckmann Eva C. , Debus E. S. , Grundmann R. T. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The publication activity of 38 German general/visceral surgery university departments, documented by first or last authorship from staff surgeons (chief and consultants), was evaluated.

Methods
The observation period extended from 2007 to 2017 and all PubMed-listed publications were considered. Impact factor (IF) was evaluated through the publishing journal’s 5-year IF in 2016, as was the IF for each individual publication. Ranking was expressed in quartiles.

Results
The staff surgeons of the 38 departments comprised 442 surgeons, of which only 351 (79.4%) were active as first or last authors. Four thousand six hundred and ninety-nine publications published in 702 journals were recorded. The four leading departments in publication number published as much as the last 20 departments (1330 vs. 1336 publications, respectively). The mean of the first (most active) department quartile was 19.6 publications, the second 15.4, the third 11.0, and the last quartile 7.6 per publishing surgeon. The total cumulative impact factor was 14,130. When examining the mean number of publications per publishing surgeons per the 10 year period, the mean of the first quartile was 57.9 cumulative IF, the second 45.0, the third 29.5, and the fourth quartile 17.1. With 352 (7.5%) publications, the most frequently used journal was Chirurg, followed by Langenbeck’s Archives of Surgery with 274 (5.8%) publications. Pancreas-related topics led in terms of publication number and IF generated per individual publication.

Conclusion
A significant difference in publication performance of individual departments was apparent that cannot be explained by staff number. This indicates that there are as yet unknown factors responsible for minor publication activity in many university departments.
Dynamic changes of podocytes caused by fibroblast growth factor 2 in culture
Authors: Yaoita Eishin , Nameta Masaaki , Yoshida Yutaka , Fujinaka Hidehiko 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) augments podocyte injury, which induces glomerulosclerosis, although the mechanisms remain obscure. In this study, we investigated the effects of FGF2 on cultured podocytes with interdigitating cell processes in rats. After 48 h incubation with FGF2 dynamic changes in the shape of primary processes and cell bodies of podocytes resulted in the loss of interdigitation, which was clearly shown by time-lapse photography. FGF2 reduced the gene expressions of constituents of the slit diaphragm, inflections of intercellular junctions positive for nephrin, and the width of the intercellular space. Immunostaining for the proliferation marker Ki-67 was rarely seen and weakly stained in the control without FGF2, whereas intensely stained cells were frequently found in the presence of FGF2. Binucleation and cell division were also observed, although no significant increase in cell number was shown. An in vitro scratch assay revealed that FGF2 enhanced migration of podocytes. These findings show that FGF2 makes podocytes to transition from the quiescent state into the cell cycle and change their morphology due to enhanced motility, and that the culture system in this study is useful for analyzing the pathological changes of podocytes in vivo.
The efficacy and safety profile of 2-weekly dosing of bevacizumab-containing chemotherapy for platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer
Authors: Sekine Masayuki , Enomoto Takayuki , Watanabe Yoh , Katabuchi Hidetaka , Yaegashi Nobuo , Aoki Daisuke 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Despite being widely used, to date (June 2021), the regimen of bevacizumab 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks (Q2W) combined with chemotherapy is not approved in Japan for patients with platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer. In this retrospective analysis, we evaluated the usage patterns of bevacizumab administered for platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer.

Methods
We obtained clinical data from 155 Japanese medical facilities between November 2013 and December 2018 via a survey. Items included the number of cases of platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer treated with bevacizumab according to dosage. For regimens including bevacizumab 10 mg/kg Q2W, additional information was requested relating to concomitantly administered agents, and the efficacy and safety of the regimen.

Results
Of 1739 bevacizumab-containing regimens reported in 1633 patients with recurrent ovarian cancer, 264 used 10 mg/kg Q2W. The overall response rate (ORR) with this regimen was 26.1%. Response rates varied according to regimen and were particularly favorable when bevacizumab 10 mg/kg Q2W was administered with paclitaxel (ORR, 53.0%) versus liposomal doxorubicin (15.0%; P < 0.0001) and irinotecan (7.7%; P < 0.028). The most frequent Grade ≥ 3 adverse events associated with bevacizumab 10 mg/kg Q2W were neutropenia (11.7%) and hypertension (11.7%). The most frequent bevacizumab-associated Grade ≥ 3 adverse events with bevacizumab plus paclitaxel versus bevacizumab plus liposomal doxorubicin were hypertension (9.0% versus 13.9%) and proteinuria (3.0% versus 8.4%).

Conclusions
Bevacizumab 10 mg/kg Q2W appears efficacious for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer, with a manageable toxicity profile. Approval of this regimen is clinically desirable for Japanese patients with ovarian cancer.
Asymptotic Expansions and Strategies in the Online Increasing Subsequence Problem
Authors: Seksenbayev Amirlan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe study two closely related problems in the online selection of increasing subsequence. In the first problem, introduced by Samuels and Steele (Ann. Probab. 9(6):937–947, 1981), the objective is to maximise the length of a subsequence selected by a nonanticipating strategy from a random sample of given size$n$n. In the dual problem, recently studied by Arlotto et al. (Random Struct. Algorithms 49:235–252, 2016), the objective is to minimise the expected time needed to choose an increasing subsequence of given length$k$kfrom a sequence of infinite length. Developing a method based on the monotonicity of the dynamic programming equation, we derive the two-term asymptotic expansions for the optimal values, with$O(1)$O(1)remainder in the first problem and$O(k)$O(k)in the second. Settling a conjecture in Arlotto et al. (Random Struct. Algorithms 52:41–53, 2018), we also design selection strategies to achieve optimality within these bounds, that are, in a sense, best possible.
The value-added tax and growth: design matters
Authors: Acosta-Ormaechea Santiago , Morozumi Atsuyoshi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPrevious research has shown that changes in the composition of tax revenue affect long-run growth. However, little is yet known about whether the way tax revenue is raised matters for growth. This paper examines whether, in the context of OECD countries, a revenue-neutral increase in the value-added tax (VAT), offset by a fall in income taxes, may have different effects on long-run growth depending on how the VAT is raised. We show that a revenue-neutral rise in the VAT promotes growth when it is raised through a rise in C-efficiency, while it does not when it is raised through a rise in the standard VAT rate, the rate applied to the largest portion of taxed consumption. C-efficiency measures the departure of the VAT from a perfectly enforced tax levied at a single rate on all consumption, which in advanced economies is largely due to the VAT that is not levied because of exemptions and reduced rates. Thus, our results suggest that an increase in C-efficiency, possibly reflecting the broadening of the VAT base through fewer exemptions and a more uniform rate structure with fewer reduced rates, promotes growth more than a rise in the standard rate.
NMR-based metabolomics associated with chronic kidney disease in humans and animals: a one health perspective
Authors: Hunter Elena , Percival Benita , Ahmad Zeeshan , Chang Ming-Wei , Hunt John A. , Tasker Séverine , De Risio Luisa , Wilson Philippe B. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a renal dysfunction that can lead to high rates of mortality and morbidity, particularly when coupled with late diagnosis. CKD has become a major health problem due to its challenging detection at early stages when clear symptoms are yet to be presented. Thus, CKD is likely to be identified when the substantive conditions of the disease are manifest. In order to address the development of the disease and provide necessary treatments at the initial stage, the investigation of new biomarkers and metabolites associated with early detection of CKD are needed. Identified metabolites could be used to confirm the presence of the disease, obtain information on its mechanism and facilitate the development of novel pharmaceutical treatments. Such metabolites may be detected from biofluids and tissues using a range of analytical techniques. There are a number of metabolites that have been identified by mass spectrometry at high sensitivities, whilst the detection of metabolites directly from biofluids using NMR could present a more rapid way to expand our understanding of this disease. This review is focused on NMR-based metabolomics associated with CKD in humans and animals.
A Pragmatic Approach to the Intentional Stance Semantic, Empirical and Ethical Considerations for the Design of Artificial Agents
Authors: Papagni Guglielmo , Koeszegi Sabine 
Published: July 2021

AbstractArtificial agents are progressively becoming more present in everyday-life situations and more sophisticated in their interaction affordances. In some specific cases, like Google Duplex, GPT-3 bots or Deep Mind’s AlphaGo Zero, their capabilities reach or exceed human levels. The use contexts of everyday life necessitate making such agents understandable by laypeople. At the same time, displaying human levels of social behavior has kindled the debate over the adoption of Dennett’s ‘intentional stance’. By means of a comparative analysis of the literature on robots and virtual agents, we defend the thesis that approaching these artificial agents ‘as if’ they had intentions and forms of social, goal-oriented rationality is the only way to deal with their complexity on a daily base. Specifically, we claim that this is the only viable strategy for non-expert users to understand, predict and perhaps learn from artificial agents’ behavior in everyday social contexts. Furthermore, we argue that as long as agents are transparent about their design principles and functionality, attributing intentions to their actions is not only essential, but also ethical. Additionally, we propose design guidelines inspired by the debate over the adoption of the intentional stance.
Lifestyle decisions and climate mitigation: current action and behavioural intent of youth
Authors: Pickering Gary J. , Schoen Kaylee , Botta Marta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractYouth carry the burden of a climate crisis not of their making, yet their accumulative lifestyle decisions will help determine the severity of future climate impacts. We surveyed 17–18 year old’s (N = 487) to establish their action stages for nine behaviours that vary in efficacy of greenhouse gas emission (GGE) reduction and the explanatory role of climate change (CC) knowledge, sociodemographic and belief factors. Acceptance of CC and its anthropogenic origins was high. However, the behaviours with the greatest potential for GGE savings (have no children/one less child, no car or first/next car will be electric, eat less meat) have the lowest uptake. Descriptive normative beliefs predicted intent to adopt all high-impact actions, while environmental locus of control, CC scepticism, knowledge of the relative efficacy of actions, religiosity and age were predictive of action stage for several mitigation behaviours (multinomial logistic regression). These findings inform policy and communication interventions that seek to mobilise youth in the global climate crisis response.
The translation and transmission of ‘diatribal’ verbs in the textual traditions of the Zlatostruj collection
Authors: Dekker Simeon 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe ‘diatribe’ is a dialogical mode of exposition, originating in Hellenistic Greek, where the author dramatically performs different voices in a polemical-didactic discourse. The voice of a fictitious opponent is often disambiguated by means of parenthetical verba dicendi, especially φησί(ν). Although diatribal texts were widely translated into Slavic in the Middle Ages, the textual history of the Zlatostruj collection of Chrysostomic homilies especially suits an investigation not only of how Greek ‘diatribal’ verbs were translated, but also how the Slavic verbs were transmitted or developed in different textual traditions. Over time, Slavic redactional activity led to a homogenization of verb forms. The initial variety of the original translation was partly eliminated, and the verb forms "Equation missing" and "Equation missing" became more firmly established as prototypical diatribal formulae. Especially the (increased) use of the 2sg form "Equation missing" has theoretical consequences for the text’s dialogical structure. Thus, an important dialogical component of the diatribe was reinforced in the Zlatostruj’s textual history on Slavic soil.
Design and implementation of a cloud-based event-driven architecture for real-time data processing in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Khriji Sabrine , Benbelgacem Yahia , Chéour Rym , Houssaini Dhouha El , Kanoun Olfa 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe growth of the Internet of Things (IoTs) and the number of connected devices is driven by emerging applications and business models. One common aim is to provide systems able to synchronize these devices, handle the big amount of daily generated data and meet business demands. This paper proposes a cost-effective cloud-based architecture using an event-driven backbone to process many applications’ data in real-time, called REDA. It supports the Amazon Web Service (AWS) IoT core, and it opens the door as a free software-based implementation. Measured data from several wireless sensor nodes are transmitted to the cloud running application through the lightweight publisher/subscriber messaging transport protocol, MQTT. The real-time stream processing platform, Apache Kafka, is used as a message broker to receive data from the producer and forward it to the correspondent consumer. Micro-services design patterns, as an event consumer, are implemented with Java spring and managed with Apache Maven to avoid the monolithic applications’ problem. The Apache Kafka cluster co-located with Zookeeper is deployed over three availability zones and optimized for high throughput and low latency. To guarantee no message loss and to simulate the system performances, different load tests are carried out. The proposed architecture is reliable in stress cases and can handle records goes to 8000 messages in a second with low latency in a cheap hosted and configured architecture.
Development and Evaluation of a Method for Automated Detection of Spreading Depolarizations in the Injured Human Brain
Authors: Jewell Sharon , Hobson Stephen , Brewer Grant , Rogers Michelle , Hartings Jed A. , Foreman Brandon , Lavrador José-Pedro , Sole Michael , Pahl Clemens , Boutelle Martyn G. , Strong Anthony J. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Spreading depolarizations (SDs) occur in some 60% of patients receiving intensive care following severe traumatic brain injury and often occur at a higher incidence following serious subarachnoid hemorrhage and malignant hemisphere stroke (MHS); they are independently associated with worse clinical outcome. Detection of SDs to guide clinical management, as is now being advocated, currently requires continuous and skilled monitoring of the electrocorticogram (ECoG), frequently extending over many days.

Methods
We developed and evaluated in two clinical intensive care units (ICU) a software routine capable of detecting SDs both in real time at the bedside and retrospectively and also capable of displaying patterns of their occurrence with time. We tested this prototype software in 91 data files, each of approximately 24 h, from 18 patients, and the results were compared with those of manual assessment (“ground truth”) by an experienced assessor blind to the software outputs.

Results
The software successfully detected SDs in real time at the bedside, including in patients with clusters of SDs. Counts of SDs by software (dependent variable) were compared with ground truth by the investigator (independent) using linear regression. The slope of the regression was 0.7855 (95% confidence interval 0.7149–0.8561); a slope value of 1.0 lies outside the 95% confidence interval of the slope, representing significant undersensitivity of 79%. R2 was 0.8415.

Conclusions
Despite significant undersensitivity, there was no additional loss of sensitivity at high SD counts, thus ensuring that dense clusters of depolarizations of particular pathogenic potential can be detected by software and depicted to clinicians in real time and also be archived.
Non-thyroidal illness syndrome and SARS-CoV-2-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
Authors: Calcaterra V. , Biganzoli G. , Dilillo D. , Mannarino S. , Fiori L. , Pelizzo G. , Zoia E. , Fabiano V. , Carlucci P. , Camporesi A. , Corti C. , Mercurio G. , Izzo F. , Biganzoli E. , Zuccotti G. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurposeCOVID-19 disease may result in a severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), which in turn may alter thyroid function (TF). We assessed TF in MIS-C, evaluating its impact on disease severity.MethodsWe retrospectively considered children admitted with MIS-C to a single pediatric hospital in Milan (November 2019–January 2021). Non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) was defined as any abnormality in TF tests (FT3, FT4, TSH) in the presence of critical illness and absence of a pre-existing hormonal abnormality. We devised a disease severity score by combining severity scores for each organ involved. Glucose and lipid profiles were also considered. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed, to characterize the mutual association patterns between TF and disease severity.ResultsOf 26 (19 M/7F) patients, median age 10.7 (IQR 5.8–13.3) years, 23 (88.4%) presented with NTIS. A low FT3 level was noted in 15/23 (65.3%), while the other subjects had varying combinations of hormone abnormalities (8/23, 34.7%). Mutually correlated variables related to organ damage and inflammation were represented in the first dimension (PC1) of the PCA. FT3, FT4 and total cholesterol were positively correlated and characterized the second axis (PC2). The third axis (PC3) was characterized by the association of triglycerides, TyG index and HDL cholesterol. TF appeared to be related to lipemic and peripheral insulin resistance profiles. A possible association between catabolic components and severity score was also noted.ConclusionsA low FT3 level is common among MIS-C. TF may be useful to define the impact of MIS-C on children’s health and help delineate long term follow-up management and prognosis.
Hyperprolaktinämie bei der Frau
Authors: Walch Katharina 
Published: July 2021

ZusammenfassungHyperprolaktinämie ist eine häufige Ursache für Zyklusstörungen und unerfüllten Kinderwunsch und bedarf immer der diagnostischen Abklärung. Leitsymptom ist eine – meist beidseitige – Galaktorrhö. Erhöhte Serumprolaktinspiegel können idiopathisch oder physiologisch im Rahmen von Schwangerschaft, Stillzeit, Stress, körperlicher Betätigung oder auch im Schlaf auftreten. Als pathologische Ursachen sind Schilddrüsenunterfunktion, Leber‑, Niereninsuffizienz, Einnahme bestimmter Medikamente, polyzystisches Ovar-Syndrom (PCOS), Thoraxwandverletzungen und auch Hypophysenadenome zu nennen, wobei Letztere meist mit stark erhöhten Prolaktinspiegeln einhergehen und mittels MRT abgeklärt werden sollen. Die Therapie erfolgt heute meist konservativ mit den sog. Dopaminagonisten.Diese Übersichtsarbeit beleuchtet die verschiedenen Aspekte der Hyperprolaktinämie aus gynäkologischer Sicht.
Impact of Early Cholecystectomy on the Cost of Treating Mild Gallstone Pancreatitis: Gallstone PANC Trial
Authors: Isbell Kayla D. , Wei Shuyan , Dodwad Shah-Jahan M. , Avritscher Elenir BC. , Mueck Krislynn M. , Bernardi Karla , Hatton Gabrielle E. , Liang Mike K. , Ko Tien C. , Kao Lillian S. 
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND:
The Gallstone Pancreatitis: Admission vs Normal Cholecystectomy (Gallstone PANC) Trial demonstrated that cholecystectomy within 24 hours of admission (early) compared with after clinical resolution (control) for mild gallstone pancreatitis, significantly reduced 30-day length-of-stay (LOS) without increasing major postoperative complications. We assessed whether early cholecystectomy decreased 90-day healthcare use and costs.

STUDY DESIGN:
A secondary economic evaluation of the Gallstone PANC Trial was performed from the healthcare system perspective. Costs for index admissions and all gallstone pancreatitis-related care 90 days post-discharge were obtained from the hospital accounting system and inflated to 2020 USD. Negative binomial regression models and generalized linear models with log-link and gamma distribution, adjusting for randomization strata, were used. Bayesian analysis with neutral prior was used to estimate the probability of cost reduction with early cholecystectomy.

RESULTS:
Of 98 randomized patients, 97 were included in the analyses. Baseline characteristics were similar in early (n = 49) and control (n = 48) groups. Early cholecystectomy resulted in a mean absolute difference in LOS of -0.96 days (95% CI, -1.91 to 0.00, p = 0.05). Ninety-day mean total costs were $14,974 (early) vs $16,190 (control) (cost ratio [CR], 0.92; 95% CI, 0.73–1.15, p = 0.47), with a mean absolute difference of $1,216 less (95% CI, -$4,782 to $2,349, p = 0.50) per patient in the early group. On Bayesian analysis, there was an 81% posterior probability that early cholecystectomy reduced 90-day total costs.

CONCLUSION:
In this single-center trial, early cholecystectomy for mild gallstone pancreatitis reduced 90-day LOS and had an 81% probability of reducing 90-day healthcare system costs.