bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TP53 mutations are associated with primary endocrine resistance in luminal early breast cancer
Authors: Grote Isabel , Bartels Stephan , Kandt Leonie , Bollmann Laura , Christgen Henriette , Gronewold Malte , Raap Mieke , Lehmann Ulrich , Gluz Oleg , Nitz Ulrike , Kuemmel Sherko , zu Eulenburg Christine , Braun Michael , Aktas Bahriye , Grischke Eva‐Maria , Schumacher Claudia , Luedtke‐Heckenkamp Kerstin , Kates Ronald , Wuerstlein Rachel , Graeser Monika , Harbeck Nadia , Christgen Matthias , Kreipe Hans 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhereas the genomic landscape of endocrine‐resistant breast cancer has been intensely characterized in previously treated cases with local or distant recurrence, comparably little is known about genomic alterations conveying primary non‐responsiveness to endocrine treatment in luminal early breast cancer.MethodsIn this study, 622 estrogen receptor‐expressing breast cancer cases treated with short‐term preoperative endocrine therapy (pET) from the WSG‐ADAPT trial (NCT01779206) were analyzed for genetic alterations associated with impaired endocrine proliferative response (EPR) to 3‐week pET with tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors. EPR was categorized as optimal (post‐pET Ki67 <10%) versus slightly, moderately, and severely impaired (post‐pET Ki67 10%–19%, 20%–34%, and ≥35%, respectively). Recently described gene mutations frequently found in previously treated advanced breast cancer were analyzed (ARID1A, BRAF, ERBB2, ESR1, GATA3, HRAS, KRAS, NRAS, PIK3CA, and TP53) by next‐generation sequencing. Amplifications of CCND1, FGFR1, ERBB2, and PAK1 were determined by digital PCR or fluorescence in situ hybridization.ResultsERBB2 amplification (p = 0.0015) and mutations of TP53 (p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with impaired EPR. Impaired EPR in TP53‐mutated breast cancer cases was independent from the Oncotype DX Recurrence Score group and was seen both with tamoxifen‐ and aromatase inhibitor‐based pET (p = 0.0005 each).ConclusionWe conclude that impaired EPR to pET is suitable to identify cases with primary endocrine resistance in early luminal breast cancer and that TP53‐mutated luminal cancers might not be sufficiently treated by endocrine therapy alone.
Towards a Systematic Data Harmonization to Enable AI Application in the Process Industry
Authors: Wiedau Michael , Tolksdorf Gregor , Oeing Jonas , Kockmann Norbert 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCurrent methods of artificial intelligence may often proof ineffective in the process industry, usually because of insufficient data availability. In this contribution, we investigate how data standards can contribute to fulfill the data availability requirements of machine learning methods. We give an overview of AI use cases relevant in the process industry, name related requirements and discuss known standards in the context of implicit vs. explicit data. We conclude with a roadmap sketching how to bring the results of this contribution into practical application.
Was Windturbinen den richtigen Dreh gibt
Authors: Henningsen Michael , Ruckdäschel Holger 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Windenergie hat sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten zu einem wichtigen Pfeiler der Stromproduktion entwickelt. Ein modernes Rotorblatt besteht aus Kompositmaterialien, die mit Hilfe von unterschiedlichen Verarbeitungstechnologien aufgebaut werden. Als Rohstoffe kommen Glas‐ und Carbonfasern, Tränkharze, Kernmaterialien und Strukturklebstoffe zum Einsatz, anschließend werden mehrere Coatingsschichten aufgebracht. Kleinere Reparaturen der Rotorblätter können mit Hilfe von schnell verarbeitbaren Systemen vor Ort durchgeführt werden. Nach Ende der Lebensdauer sind Entsorgungs‐ und zunehmend Recyclingkonzepte in Richtung einer nachhaltigen Kreislaufwirtschaft erforderlich.
Investigating Alkylated Prodigiosenes and Their Cu(II)‐Dependent Biological Activity: Interactions with DNA, Antimicrobial and Photoinduced Anticancer Activity
Authors: Doniz Kettenmann Sebastian , White Matthew , Colard‐Thomas Julien , Kraft Matilda , Feßler Andrea T. , Danz Karin , Wieland Gerhard , Wagner Sylvia , Schwarz Stefan , Wiehe Arno , Kulak Nora 
Published: November 2021

AbstractProdigiosenes are a family of red pigments with versatile biological activity. Their tripyrrolic core structure has been modified many times in order to manipulate the spectrum of activity. We have been looking systematically at prodigiosenes substituted at the C ring with alkyl chains of different lengths, in order to assess the relevance of this substituent in a context that has not been investigated before for these derivatives: Cu(II) complexation, DNA binding, self‐activated DNA cleavage, photoinduced cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity. Our results indicate that the hydrophobic substituent has a clear influence on the different aspects of their biological activity. The cytotoxicity study of the Cu(II) complexes of these prodigiosenes shows that they exhibit a strong cytotoxic effect towards the tested tumor cell lines. The Cu(II) complex of a prodigiosene lacking any alkyl chain excelled in its photoinduced anticancer activity, thus demonstrating the potential of prodigiosenes and their metal complexes for an application in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Two derivatives along with their Cu(II) complexes showed also antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus strains.
Compassion and complex interpersonal trauma in adolescence: An early systematic review
Authors: Amari Nicola , Mahoney Adam 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhilst childhood trauma has been identified as a transdiagnostic risk factor for poly‐psychopathology, compassion‐focused interventions have emerged as transdiagnostic treatment modality. However, no previous systematic review has specifically explored the relationship between complex interpersonal trauma and compassion in adolescence. The aim of this early systematic review was to evaluate the existing evidence on the role of compassion in adolescents with complex interpersonal trauma.MethodsA systematic search of electronic databases was undertaken to identify cross‐sectional and intervention studies that examined the role of compassion in the amelioration of psychopathology in adolescence.ResultsNine studies, including three intervention studies and six cross‐sectional studies, met the inclusion criteria. The findings suggested a mediating role of compassion in trauma‐specific and overall psychopathology.ConclusionDespite the dearth of research, this review suggests that integrating compassion might mediate the relationship between complex trauma and psychopathology in adolescents.
Evaluating the impact of Rht hypomorphic mutations in durum wheat
Authors: Brown McKenna M. , Martin John M. , Jobson Emma M. , Hogg Andrew C. , Carr Patrick M. , Giroux Michael J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIncreasing the yield of wheat (Triticum spp.) requires identifying new allelic combinations by crossing or by creating useful variation in yield limiting genes. Wheat yield is impacted by many factors, including tiller number and seeds per tiller, both of which are impacted by the Reduced height (Rht) gene. Durum wheat [T. turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) van Slageren] varieties are either standard height, wild type for Rht (Rht‐B1a), or are semidwarf and carry the Rht‐B1b allele. Rht‐B1b increases productive tillers but can result in plants too short for easy harvest in the northern United States and shorter coleoptiles that reduce dry soil germination. In this study, durum plants varying for Rht alleles created by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenesis were studied to determine the impact of each allele upon agronomic and seed traits. The projects’ goal is to increase durum wheat yield through the development of a plant with height intermediate between current full‐height and semidwarf varieties. Experiments included field trials, coleoptile length and gibberellic acid (GA) responsiveness assays, and an in vitro test to determine the impact of each Rht mutation upon binding to Gibberellin Insensitive Dwarf1 (GID1). It was found that the Rht‐B1b‐E529K allele conferred plant height and coleoptile length intermediate between Rht‐B1b and Rht‐B1a containing plants, while two Rht‐A1 alleles had lesser impacts with trends toward intermediate‐height plants. The results of this research demonstrate that hypomorphic Rht alleles that alter Rht binding to GID1 may prove useful in optimizing durum wheat height to increase yield across different growing conditions.
Analytical framework for the performance of energy detectors over α‐μ fading model with MRC diversity
Authors: Singh Pateshwari , Soni S. K. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThe advancements towards the 5G technology are significantly reliant on the effective utilization of the radio spectrum. The scarcity of the spectrum is a barrier to the employment of emergent wireless multimedia. The cognitive radio (CR) technology has materialized as a reassuring remedy to the present problem of spectral scarcity. This study explores the statistical characterization of energy detector‐based cognitive radio device alongside diversity reception. The analysis is carried out with the postulation that the transmitting signal encounters fading, characterized by α‐μ fading channel. Initially, we present a PDF expression of the α‐μ fading model when subjected to maximal ratio combining (MRC) diversity reception. Utilizing this expression, the closed‐form expression of the average probability of detection (Pd) and the average area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) are derived in the terms of Fox's H function. The detection threshold has been optimized to improve the detection performance by curtailing the probability of error. Additionally, asymptotic results for Pd with various diversity combining cases are also obtained under high signal‐to‐noise‐ratio (SNR) regime. Furthermore, the result of Pd is applied to explore the execution of cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) with diversity reception. The accuracy and validation of the presented results are assured by comparison with the Monte Carlo simulation.
Interferon regulatory factor‐7 is required for hair cell development during zebrafish embryogenesis
Authors: Hu Song‐Qun , Xu Hui‐Min , Qian Fu‐Ping , Chen Chang‐Sheng , Wang Xin , Liu Dong , Cheng Lei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInterferon regulatory factor‐7 (IRF7) is an essential regulator of both innate and adaptive immunity. It is also expressed in the otic vesicle of zebrafish embryos. However, any role for irf7 in hair cell development was uncharacterized. Does it work as a potential deaf gene to regulate hair cell development? We used whole‐mount in situ hybridization (WISH) assay and morpholino‐mediated gene knockdown method to investigate the role of irf7 in the development of otic vesicle hair cells during zebrafish embryogenesis. We performed RNA sequencing to gain a detailed insight into the molecules/genes which are altered upon downregulation of irf7. Compared to the wild‐type siblings, knockdown of irf7 resulted in severe developmental retardation in zebrafish embryos as well as loss of neuromasts and damage to hair cells at an early stage (within 3 days post fertilization). Coinjection of zebrafish irf7 mRNA could partially rescued the defects of the morphants. atp1b2b mRNA injection can also partially rescue the phenotype induced by irf7 gene deficiency. Loss of hair cells in irf7‐morphants does not result from cell apoptosis. Gene expression profiles show that, compared to wild‐type, knockdown of irf7 can lead to 2053 and 2678 genes being upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Among them, 18 genes were annotated to hair cell (HC) development or posterior lateral line (PLL) development. All results suggest that irf7 plays an essential role in hair cell development in zebrafish, indicating that irf7 may be a member of deafness gene family.
popharvest: An R package to assess the sustainability of harvesting regimes of bird populations
Authors: Eraud Cyril , Devaux Tiphaine , Villers Alexandre , Johnson Fred A. , Francesiaz Charlotte 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBird harvest for recreational purposes or as a source for food is an important activity worldwide. Assessing or mitigating the impact of these additional sources of mortality on bird populations is therefore crucial issue. The sustainability of harvest levels is however rarely documented, because knowledge of their population dynamics remains rudimentary for many bird species. Some helpful approaches using limited demographic data can be used to provide initial assessment of the sustainable use of harvested bird populations, and help adjusting harvest levels accordingly. The Demographic Invariant Method (DIM) is used to detect overharvesting. In complement, the Potential Take Level (PTL) approach may allow setting a level of take with regard to management objectives and/or to assess whether current harvest levels meet these objectives. Here, we present the R package popharvest that implements these two approaches in a simple and straightforward way. The package provides users with a set of flexible functions whose arguments can be adapted to existing knowledge about population dynamics. Also, popharvest enables users to test scenarios or propagate uncertainty in demographic parameters to the assessment of sustainability through easily programming Monte Carlo simulations. The simplicity of the package makes it a useful toolbox for wildlife managers or policymakers. This paper provides them with backgrounds about the DIM and PTL approaches and illustrates the use of popharvest's functionalities in this context.
Asymptomatic COVID‐19 and ST‐elevation myocardial infarction in young adults: lessons learned from two similar cases
Authors: Sisakian Hamayak , Martirosyan Seda , Shekoyan Seda , Terteryan Aram , Hovhannisyan Mariam 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe present two cases of acute myocardial infarction in young patients with asymptomatic COVID‐19 infection and ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), complicated by severe acute heart failure and ventricular fibrillation, resulting cardiopulmonary resuscitation and mechanical ventilatory support. Urgent primary percutaneous coronary intervention with further complex treatment was effective in both cases with critical cardiovascular state and co‐morbid COVID‐19 infection. This report illustrates the challenges in clinical severity of STEMI with COVID‐19 infection, despite of young age and absence of clinical symptoms and chronic co‐morbidities. STEMI patients with even asymptomatic COVID‐19 infection may be presented with significantly higher rates of severe acute heart failure.
The Lithium Iodostannate LiSn3I7: Synthesis, Properties and its Relationship to SnI2
Authors: Löber Manuel , Ströbele Markus , Eichele Klaus , Romao Carl P. , Meyer Hans‐Jürgen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe mixed lithium tin iodide LiSn3I7 was prepared by reacting LiI and SnI2 at 300 °C. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction revealed a crystal structure related to that of SnI2, with nearly identical coordination environments of tin atoms. The lithium ion in the structure of LiSn3I7 shares one crystallographic position with a tin atom in octahedral voids of (LiSn)Sn2I7, as confirmed by solid‐state 7Li, 119Sn and 127I MAS NMR spectra. DFT band structure calculations show LiSn3I7 to be a semiconductor with an indirect bandgap on the order of 2 eV.
Waste‐free oxidation of alcohols at the surface of catalytic electrodes: What is required for industrial uptake?
Authors: Ciriminna Rosaria , Ghahremani Mina , Karimi Babak , Pagliaro Mario 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols at the surface of stable catalytic electrodes functionalized with aminoxyl radicals results in a waste‐free process affording highly valued carbonyl or carboxylic compounds using an electric current only. Hydrogen is the only by‐product of the reaction, no hazardous chemical oxidants are used throughout the process, whereas the separation of the valued reaction product from cytotoxic and genotoxic TEMPO‐like radicals is no longer required. We provide a critical insight on the economic, technological, and educational issues that, in our viewpoint, will drive the uptake of this eminently green and highly effective synthetic organic chemistry technology in the fine chemical and pharmaceutical industries.
Improvement of glycine biosynthesis from one‐carbon compounds and ammonia catalyzed by the glycine cleavage system in vitro
Authors: Xu Yingying , Ren Jie , Wang Wei , Zeng An‐Ping 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGlycine cleavage system (GCS) plays a central role in one‐carbon (C1) metabolism and receives increasing interest as a core part of the recently proposed reductive glycine pathway (rGlyP) for assimilation of CO2 and formate. Despite decades of research, GCS has not yet been well understood and kinetic data are barely available. This is to a large degree because of the complexity of GCS, which is composed of four proteins (H, T, P, and L) and catalyzes reactions involving different substrates and cofactors. In vitro kinetics of reconstructed microbial multi‐enzyme glycine cleavage/synthase system is desired to better implement rGlyP in microorganisms like Escherichia coli for the use of C1 resources. Here, we examined in vitro several factors that may affect the rate of glycine synthesis via the reverse GCS reaction. We found that the ratio of GCS component proteins has a direct influence on the rate of glycine synthesis, namely higher ratios of P protein and especially H protein to T and L proteins are favorable, and the carboxylation reaction catalyzed by P protein is a key step determining the glycine synthesis rate, whereas increasing the ratio of L protein to other GCS proteins does not have significant effect and the ratio of T protein to other GCS proteins should be kept low. The effect of substrate concentrations on glycine synthesis is quite complex, showing interdependence with the ratios of GCS component proteins. Furthermore, adding the reducing agent dithiothreitol to the reaction mixture not only results in great tolerance to high concentration of formaldehyde, but also increases the rate of glycine synthesis, probably due to its functions in activating P protein and taking up the role of L protein in the non‐enzymatic reduction of Hox to Hred. Moreover, the presence of some monovalent and divalent metal ions can have either positive or negative effect on the rate of glycine synthesis, depending on their type and their concentration.
Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial interactions between resveratrol and eugenol in carboxymethyl cellulose biodegradable film
Authors: Aminzare Majid , Moniri Roya , Hassanzad Azar Hassan , Mehrasbi Mohammad Reza 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe aim of present study was to compare the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial properties of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) films containing resveratrol (RES) and eugenol (EUG), alone and in combination, and to calculate the dose interactions between them. At first, the total phenolic content of CMC films was evaluated. Then, their antioxidant and antibacterial effects of films were determined using DPPH, reducing power, disk diffusion, and broth dilution methods. Finally, concentrations of RES and EUG which showed better results in the CMC films were added in combination forms to calculate their antioxidant and antibacterial interactions. The results showed that addition of RES and/or EUG to CMC films increased the total phenolic content, free radicals scavenging activity, reducing power, and antibacterial activities of the films (p ≤ .05). Gram‐positive bacteria were more susceptible than Gram‐negatives. In addition, the combined use of RES and EUG in CMC films had synergistic antioxidant and antagonistic antibacterial effects. The best results belonged to the film containing RES (8 µg/ml) + EUG (8 mg/ml) (p ≤ .05). Considering the results of the present research, we can utilize CMC biodegradable film containing RES and EUG as a natural active packaging in food industry.
A site formation model for Cuncaicha rock shelter: Depositional and postdepositional processes at the high‐altitude keysite in the Peruvian Andes
Authors: Meinekat Sarah Ann , Miller Christopher E. , Rademaker Kurt 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe report results from geoarchaeological investigations at Cuncaicha rock shelter (4480 m above sea level) in the high Andes of southern Peru. Using field observations, geomorphological, micromorphological, micro‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Bayesian modeling of radiocarbon ages, and archaeological data, we analyzed the entire stratigraphic sequence to determine depositional and postdepositional processes and agents to assess the impact of bioturbation and to correlate the deposits with regional paleoenvironmental information. The archaeological record is represented well on a microscale, and bioturbation has not destroyed the stratigraphic integrity. The Terminal Pleistocene sediments that contain the oldest archaeological material at the site, dating to ~12.3–11.1 ka, are especially well preserved and capped by a layer of tufa. Depositional changes from autochthonous carbonate precipitation during the Terminal Pleistocene toward allochthonous aeolian sedimentation in the Early Holocene reflect changing environmental and climatic conditions. Formation of a soil during the Late‐Middle Holocene caused postdepositional alterations and likely correlates to variable environmental conditions. We use these results to formulate a site formation model for Cuncaicha rock shelter that integrates archaeological, chronological, and paleoenvironmental data.
A large‐scale transcriptome‐wide association study (TWAS) of 10 blood cell phenotypes reveals complexities of TWAS fine‐mapping
Authors: Tapia Amanda L. , Rowland Bryce T. , Rosen Jonathan D. , Preuss Michael , Young Kris , Graff Misa , Choquet Hélène , Couper David J. , Buyske Steve , Bien Stephanie A. , Jorgenson Eric , Kooperberg Charles , Loos Ruth J. F. , Morrison Alanna C. , North Kari E. , Yu Bing , Reiner Alexander P. , Li Yun , Raffield Laura M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHematological measures are important intermediate clinical phenotypes for many acute and chronic diseases and are highly heritable. Although genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have identified thousands of loci containing trait‐associated variants, the causal genes underlying these associations are often uncertain. To better understand the underlying genetic regulatory mechanisms, we performed a transcriptome‐wide association study (TWAS) to systematically investigate the association between genetically predicted gene expression and hematological measures in 54,542 Europeans from the Genetic Epidemiology Research on Aging cohort. We found 239 significant gene‐trait associations with hematological measures; we replicated 71 associations at p < 0.05 in a TWAS meta‐analysis consisting of up to 35,900 Europeans from the Women's Health Initiative, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, and BioMe Biobank. Additionally, we attempted to refine this list of candidate genes by performing conditional analyses, adjusting for individual variants previously associated with hematological measures, and performed further fine‐mapping of TWAS loci. To facilitate interpretation of our findings, we designed an R Shiny application to interactively visualize our TWAS results by integrating them with additional genetic data sources (GWAS, TWAS from multiple reference panels, conditional analyses, known GWAS variants, etc.). Our results and application highlight frequently overlooked TWAS challenges and illustrate the complexity of TWAS fine‐mapping.