bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vector for the development of functional literacy of schoolchildren: a normative basis
Authors: Бажук О.В. , Берестовская Л.П. , Мерецкая Т.В. 
Published: September 2021

Актуальность статьи обусловлена изменяющимися требованиями к качеству образования современных школьников, предъявляемых на мировом уровне. Функциональная грамотность предстает как интегрирующий феномен, способствующий развитию способности и готовности школьников использовать знания для решения различного рода практических задач. Цель статьи заключается в том, чтобы определить нормативное поле сферы формирования и оценки функциональной грамотности школьников для развития образовательных систем согласно современным мировым требованиям к качеству образования. Авторами статьи проведен аналитический обзор нормативно-правовых документов, регламентирующих повышение уровня качества образования в мире, а также воспитание функционально грамотной личности, способной не только получать и воспроизводить готовые знания, но и применять их в ситуациях практической действительности. Статья предназначена для педагогов, студентов педагогических вузов, а также для широкого круга читателей, интересующихся проблемой развития функционально грамотной личности.
The relevance of the article is due to the changing requirements for the quality of education of modern schoolchildren, presented at the world level. Functional literacy appears as an integrating phenomenon that contributes to the development of the ability and readiness of schoolchildren to use knowledge to solve various practical problems. The purpose of the article is to determine the normative field of the sphere of formation and assessment of functional literacy of schoolchildren for the development of educational systems in accordance with modern world requirements for the quality of education. The authors of the article conducted an analytical review of the regulatory documents regulating the improvement of the quality of education in the world, as well as the education of a functionally literate person who is able not only to receive and reproduce ready-made knowledge, but also to apply it in situations of practical reality. The article is intended for teachers, students of pedagogical universities, as well as for a wide range of readers interested in the problem of developing a functionally literate personality.
Comparative analysis of the positions of educational participants in determining risk indicators and causes of suicidal behavior of adolescents
Authors: Башлай Э.Х. , Гилемханова Э.Н. 
Published: September 2021

Актуальность статьи обусловлена динамикой подростковых суицидов и ростом количества детей, имеющих суицидальные намерения. Целью статьи является сравнительный анализ позиций учителей, родителей и психологов по индикаторам риска и причинам суицидального поведения подростков. Авторы статьи акцентируют внимание на необходимости своевременного реагирования на маркеры психологического неблагополучия ребенка, которые можно обнародовать в процессе взаимодействия и непосредственного общения с подростком. Результаты представленного исследования говорят о том, что педагоги и родители не придают весомого значения данной теме, либо ее избегают. Такое поведение значимых взрослых подростка, по мнению авторов, может быть вызвано отсутствием объективных знаний о динамике, причинах подростковых суицидов и необходимых компетенций для откровенного разговора. По мнению авторов, определение зон ответственности между участниками образовательного процесса, является условием эффективной профилактики данной проблемы в образовательной организации. Статья предназначена для специалистов, работающих в системе образования и родителей детей подросткового возраста.
The relevance of the article is resulted from the dynamics of teenage suicides and the increase in the number of children with suicidal intentions. The purpose of the article is to compare the positions of teachers, parents and psychologists on indicators of risk and the causes of suicidal behaviour among adolescents. The authors of the article focus on the need for a timely response to child’s psychological distress markers, which can be made public through interaction and direct communication with the adolescent. The results of the study show that teachers and parents do not attach importance to the subject or avoid it. In the authors' view, the lack of objective cognizance of the dynamics, the causes of teenage suicides and the necessary competences to speak frankly may have contributed to such behaviour of significant adults. According to the authors, the identification of responsibilities between the participants of the educational process is key to effective prevention of the problem in the educational organization. The article is intended for specialists working in the educational system and for the parents of adolescents.
Effective teaching methods of English-speaking students in communication with patients
Authors: Бугаева И.О. , Клоктунова Н.А. , Барсукова М.И. , Рамазанова А.Я. , Сергеев А.С. 
Published: September 2021

Данная работа посвящена анализу методов обучения, способствующих созданию оптимальных условий для подготовки иностранных студентов к будущей профессиональной деятельности, повышению эффективности их коммуникативного поведения, а также успешной интеграции в процесс обучения в медицинском вузе. Анализируется место и роль дисциплины «Профессиональная коммуникация» в самоопределении студентов, развитии их профессиональной компетентности, клинического мышления, а также готовности взаимодействовать в различных системах общения («пациент – врач»; «врач – врач», «врач – пациент – родственники пациента»). Анализируются конкретные педагогические приемы, используемые в рамках практических занятий, и их результативность. В статье приводятся данные проведенного анкетирования, отражающие оценку эффективности применяемых методов обучения с точки зрения студентов.
В результате выявлена эффективность разработанных и примененных методов обучения, доказана необходимость формирования корпуса ситуационных задач и обучающих материалов, предлагаемых авторами статьи.
Таким образом, представленный опыт осмысления методических приемов требует обсуждения широкой аудиторией научно-педагогического сообщества и его внедрения в практику обучения англоговорящих студентов навыкам профессиональной коммуникации.
This work is dedicated to the analysis of factors contributing to the creation of optimal conditions for preparing foreign students for future professional activities, increasing the effectiveness of their communicative behavior, as well as successful integration into the learning process at a medical university. Place and role of the subject “Professional Communication” within the self-determination of students, the development of their professional competence, clinical thinking and willingness to interact in various communication systems (“patient - physician”; “physician - physician”, “physician - patient - relatives of the patient”) are considered. Specific teaching methods used in the framework of lessons and their effectiveness are analyzed. The article presents the data of the survey reflecting the assessment of the effectiveness of the applied teaching methods from the students' point of view.
As a result, the effectiveness of the developed and applied teaching methods is revealed, the necessity of forming a corpus of situational tasks and training materials proposed by the authors of the article is proved.
Thus, the presented experience of understanding methodological techniques requires discussion by a wide audience of the scientific and pedagogical community and implementation in teaching practice English-speaking students' professional communication skills.
On the issue of socialization of orphaned children in a foster family: pedagogical aspect
Authors: Гельмутдинова М.Р. 
Published: September 2021

Актуальность статьи обусловлена тем, что в условиях интернатного учреждения ребенок, оставшийся без попечения родителей, не имеет возможности полноценно социализироваться. Цель статьи заключается в выявлении ресурсов приемной семьи в оказании помощи таким детям стать полноценными членами общества, научиться управлять своим поведением в соответствии с принятыми нормами и ценностями, так как именно семья является важнейшим институтом социализации. Автором выявлены сущность и содержание процесса социализации, особенности его протекания в условиях приемной семьи, определены уровни социализированности ребенка. Предложены критерии оценки составляющих процесса социализации и соответствующий диагностический инструментарий. Статья предназначена для специалистов органов опеки и попечительства, сотрудников интернатных учреждений, социальных педагогов.
The relevance of the article is due to the fact that in the conditions of a boarding institution, a child left without parental care does not have the opportunity to fully socialize. The purpose of the article is to identify the resources of a foster family in helping such children become full-fledged members of society, learn to manage their behavior in accordance with accepted norms and values, since it is the family that is the most important institution of socialization. The author reveals the essence and content of the process of socialization, the peculiarities of its course in the conditions of a foster family, the levels of socialization of the child are determined. The criteria for evaluating the components of the socialization process and the corresponding diagnostic tools are proposed. The article is intended for specialists of guardianship and guardianship authorities, employees of boarding institutions, social educators
The act of writing and the act of attention
Authors: Harrison Martin 
Published: September 2021

Is writing, including creative writing and its teaching, inevitably on the other side of the natural environment and ecological systems? Is writing, by definition, an action of a mindfulness and inventiveness which implicitly creates a cognitive separation between the world of the text and the world of ecological systems? A number of critics have recently been trying to propose modes and structures which merge this divide, or minimise it borrowing from biology, cognitive theory and probability theory. The paper considers a variety of such formal structures but argues especially for a particular mode of attentiveness in our concept of language and proposes its centrality in the teaching of a contemporary ecologically mindful writing.
To see: a literary ecological point of view (some Australian examples of ecocritical creative writing, with particular emphasis on the prose poem)
Authors: Costello Moya 
Published: September 2021

‘An ecologically-informed point of view’, says Wendy Wheeler (2006: 91), is one ’that sees all life, including culture, as naturally co-evolved and interdependent’. We can be unconscious of the fact that we are ‘embodied creatures’ for whom ’the natural world … is the ground-state’ (Wheeler 2006: 91). Constantly distracted by the mass of human-engineered activity, we have lost, Clive Hamilton says, our imagination, and the imagery to inspire an appropriate responsiveness (2005: 191). Beverley Farmer’s innovative ecocritical writing in ‘Mouths of gold’ (2005), with its nonlinear, associative structure and hybrid nature enfolding the prose poem, reveals her exemplary practice of seeing what is. Like the prose poem, the essay without a straightforward, linear structure requires focus and time to make your way through it and to understand what it is offering. John Tomlinson has noted that time itself is neither linear-progressive nor cyclic; it has accidents and surprises in store and is constituted by profound rifts and forks (2007). These rifts in time make us aware of the contingency of our existence. Survival and successful adaptation in environments that are in crisis in the early twenty-first century will require a constant reflexive re-balancing, an experimental approach, a strategy of improvisation.
Healing words and the matter of our urban and rural moor
Authors: Pyke Susan 
Published: September 2021

It may be that writing country can shift readers towards more positive relationships with the matter that surrounds and embeds them, if an awareness of the sentience of country increases the porosity of the bodies that ‘religiously’ read such topographies. Two productive revisions of Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights differently offer this kind of reading. The Canadian moors of Anne Carson’s prose poem, ‘The Glass Essay’ speak with the powerfully communicative Yorkshire moors of Wuthering Heights, through the affect of the other-than-human on their protagonists. Such dialogues liberate an always-becoming eco-divine of generative change. Kathy Acker’s ‘Obsession’ starts a whole new conversation in her transposition of Brontë’s moor to the crush of New York dreamscapes. As I consider the tension and the synergies between Acker’s urban wilderness and Carson and Brontë’s rural commons, I am becoming aware of the ethical risk in privileging matter of different kinds. Is it possible to write to the pulsating moor of urban environments in ways that approach the ecodivine and can this equally move readers to new ways of nurturing country? I approach this question in my novel The Dead Country and consider it directly in my poem, ‘Pulse Sating’.
The composition and decomposition of commodities: the colonial careers of coal and ivory
Authors: Muecke Stephen 
Published: September 2021

Commodities are composed of heterogeneous parts, for they are not pure, despite coal being almost 100% carbon. With the introduction of steam ships in the Indian Ocean trade that was at the nexus of Africa, Middle East, South Asia and China, the economic viability of coal had to be constructed from the different parts of the imperial political machinery of administration, technology and modernist fantasy. Ivory was also a key commodity in the Indian Ocean, contributing considerable wealth to that early global market. Leaving one environment in Africa, it gained value by being culturally reworked and aestheticised, and in the process humans’ feelings for it were enhanced as a part of the value-adding, if not fetishing, process. Later in its colonial career, elephants’ feelings about being slaughtered were also taken into account by their human advocates, and under this new environmental alignment the trade in ivory eventually came to a halt in 1989. This paper argues, in a Latourian fashion, that affects are key agents in a chain of associations that have transformed the careers of ivory and coal as ‘vibrant matter’ (Bennett) transformed from its original living sources to its lively appreciation by humans.
Who’s afraid of big white wolves?
Authors: Shannon Lorraine 
Published: September 2021

This paper examines the effect human stories have had on the wolf. In particular it focuses on the Wolf Man’s dream of seven white wolves as reported to Freud and considers how we might re-interpret this dream as an example of ecological writing brought about by containing the anxiety inherent in meeting the animal gaze. This anxiety, it is argued, paradoxically both inhibits and enables creative thinking. Containing anxiety and creating an ecological poetics requires consideration of Keats’ notion of negative capability.
Proses Pengolahan Air Pada Tangki Klarifier ditinjau dari Laju Alir dan Konsentrasi Koagulan di PLTG Borang
Authors: Anhar Anhar , Dewi Erwana , Purnamasari Indah 
Published: September 2021

Kebutuhan industri akan air bersih sangatlah tinggi sehingga diperlukan proses pengolahan. PLTG Borang merupakan salah satu industri yang mendapatkan air bersih dengan melakukan pengolahan pada unit Water Treatment Plant. Unit WTP di PLTG Borang mengalami permasalahan di beberapa alat seperti misalnya pada clarifier tank. Tangki ini merupakan tempat terjadinya pengolahan air secara koagulasi dan flokulasi serta diikuti sedimentasi. Data-data yang dijadikan sumber yaitu data variabel proses dan hasil kualitas mutu air setelah pengolahan pada tangki clarifier. Data variabel proses yang diperlukan yaitu laju alir, kecepatan pengadukan dan dosis koagulan yang ditambahkan. Sedangkan kriteria kualitas yang diperlukan yaitu pH, turbiditas, TDS, dan TSS. Variabel proses divariasikan yaitu dosis koagulan sebesar 35, 40, 45, 50, dan 55 ppm; laju alir 2, 4 dan 6 L/detik serta kecepatan pengadukan 45 rpm. Analisis data yang dilakukan yaitu dengan menginterpretasikan data hasil pengamatan dan menyajikannya dalam bentuk grafik kemudian akan diperoleh kesimpulan. Variabel proses yang optimal adalah laju alir 2 L/detik, dosis koagulan 50 ppm dan kecepatan pengadukan 45 rpm. Hasil kualitas air setelah pengolahan di clarifier tank yaitu pH 7,2; Turbiditas 96 NTU; TDS 481 ppm; dan TSS 192 ppm.
Pemanfaatan A-Selulosa Fiber Cake Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Alternatif Bahan Baku Nitroselulosa
Authors: Putri Reni , Junaidi Robert , Mustain Mustain 
Published: September 2021

Dengan kadar selulosa yang tinggi, fiber cake kelapa sawit dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan nitroselulosa. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan nitroselulosa dari ?-Selulosa fiber cake kelapa sawit yang memiliki yield produk dan kadar nitrogen yang tinggi dengan waktu yang singkat. Percobaan dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan yaitu tahap pre-treatment bahan baku, tahap pembuatan nitroselulosa melalui proses nitrasi dan tahap analisis produk nitroselulosa. Konversi ?-selulosa fiber cake kelapa sawit menjadi nitroselulosa dilakukan dengan variasi asam penitrasi dengan perbandingan H2SO4 98% dengan HNO3 70% sebesar 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 dan 1:5, waktu reaksi pada proses nitrasi selama 30 dan 40 menit serta variasi.suhu proses nitrasi 10-15oC dan 15-20oC. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa kondisi optimal proses pembuatan nitroselulosa dari fiber cake kelapa sawit dicapai pada rasio asam penitrasi sebesar 1:1 dengan suhu nitrasi 15-20oC dan waktu nitrasi selama 40 menit. Pada kondisi ini diperoleh yield sebesar 95,0% dengan kadar nitrogen sebesar 9,9%.

With high cellulose content, fiber cake palm oil can be used as a raw material for the manufacture of nitrocellulose. This experiment aims to produce nitrocellulose from fiber cake palm oil which has high yield product and high nitrogen content. The experiment was carried out in three stages, namely the pre-treatment of raw materials, the stage of making nitrocellulose through the nitration process and the analysis stage of the nitrocellulose product. The conversion of ?-cellulose fiber cake into nitrocellulose was carried out by varying the acid nitrate with a ratio of H2SO4 98% with HNO3 70% at 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5, The reaction is in the nitration process for 30 and 40 minutes and the variation of the nitration process temperature is 10-15oC and 15-20oC. From the results of the study it is known that the optimal conditions for the process of making nitrocellulose from fiber cake palm oil are achieved at a nitrating acid ratio of 1 :1 with a nitration temperature of 15-20oC and a nitration time of 40 minutes. In this condition, yield of 95,0% was obtained with nitrogen content of 9,9%.
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Selulosa Asetat dari A-Selulosa Fiber Cake Kelapa Sawit
Authors: Utami Indarianti , Hasan Abu , Junaidi Robert 
Published: September 2021

Penelitian tentang sintesis dan karakterisasi selulosa asetat dari ?-selulosa fiber cake kelapa sawit ini telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan anhidrida asetat sebagai acetylating agent. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan selulosa asetat dengan klasifikasi selulosa diasetat yang memiliki yield produk yang tinggi, mempelajari pengaruh variasi rasio selulosa:anhidrida asetat, waktu asetilasi, dan suhu asetilasi untuk mendapatkan selulosa asetat dengan kondisi yang optimal dari ?-selulosa fiber cake kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini menggunakan variasi rasio selulosa:anhidrida asetat (1:5; 1:10; 1:15), waktu asetilasi (0,5; 1; 1,5; 2; 2,5)jam, dan suhu asetilasi (25 dan 40) oC menghasilkan 30 sampel produk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selulosa asetat yang didapatkan berupa selulosa diasetat dengan bentuk padatan berupa serbuk, berwarna putih gading, dan tidak berbau serta memiliki kadar ?-selulosa sebesar 84,29 % dengan kadar air 9,16 % pada rasio selulosa:anhidrida asetat (1:10), waktu asetilasi 1,5 jam, dan suhu asetilasi 40oC dengan nilai yield produk, kadar asetil, dan derajat substitusi berturut-turut 49 %, 39,97 %, dan 2,5.

Research on the synthesis and characterization of cellulose acetate from palm oil ?-cellulose fiber cake has been carried out using acetic anhydride as an acetylating agent. This study aims to obtain cellulose acetate with cellulose diacetate classification which has a high product yield, study the effect of variations in the ratio of cellulose:acetic anhydride, acetylation time, and acetylation temperature to obtain cellulose acetate with optimal conditions from palm oil ?-cellulose fiber cake. This study used variations in the ratio of cellulose:acetic anhydride (1:5; 1:10; 1:15), acetylation time (0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5) hours, and acetylation temperature (25 and 40) oC produces 30 product samples. The results showed that the cellulose acetate obtained was in the form of cellulose diacetate with a solid form in the form of powder, ivory white, and odorless and had 84.29% of a-cellulose content with 9.16% of a moisture content at the ratio of cellulose:acetic anhydride (1 :10), acetylation time 1.5 hours, and acetylation temperature 40oC with product yield, acetyl content, and degree of substitution 84.6%, 39.97%, and 2.5, respectively.
Rancang Bangun Digester Untuk Proses Pulping dari Campuran Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dan Pelepah Pisang dengan Pelarut NaOH
Authors: Atindu Nyayu Fia , Yerizam Muhammad , Dewi Erwana 
Published: September 2021

Kebutuhan pulp dan kertas di dunia semakin meningkat. Menurut Asosiasi Pulp dan Kertas Indonesia (APKI) permintaan global maupun domestik masih terus meningkat setiap tahunnya sebesar 2 %. Hal ini mengakibatkan ketersediaan bahan baku industri kertas menipis. Maka dari itu bahan baku lain yang dapat dijadikan suatu alternatif dari dampak tersebut yaitu tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan pelepah pisang. Digester merupakan suatu bejana pemasak yang digunakan sebagai suatu tempat proses delignifikasi bahan baku pada pembuatan pulp. Pada perancangan alat digester ini mempunyai dimensi meliputi : diameter tangki : 15 cm, tinggi tangki : 30 cm, tebal plate : 0,3 mm, tinggi impeler : 33 cm, kecepatan pengaduk : 95 rpm dan kapasitas 5,5 liter. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode rancang bangun dan eksperimen. Metode rancang bangun dilakukan untuk perancangan dan pembuatan digester Metode eksperimen dilakukan dengan tujuan yaitu mengetahui kinerja digester agar mendapatkan kondisi optimum alat digester dalam pulping dari campuran tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan pelepah pisang. Tahapan proses pulping ini yaitu : (1) tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan pelepah pisang di potong-potong lalu di cuci dengan air kemudian dikeringkan, (2) pemasakan di dalam digester , (3) pulp disaring, (4) pulp di analisa. Parameter yang diukur yaitu temperatur pemasakan dengan variasi 90, 100,110,120 oC, Parameter yang terjaga konstan yaitu konsentrasi larutan, waktu pemasakan, dan putaran pengaduk. Pada hasil pengamatan dan analisis didapatkan kondisi optimum pada temperature 110oC denganhasil yang di dapat yaitu kadar air 15,50 %, kadar lignin 10,07 % , kadar hemiselulosa16,03 % dan kadar selulosa 58,41 %.