bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scalp application of antioxidants improves scalp condition and reduces hair shedding in a 24‐week randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial
Authors: Davis Michael G. , Piliang Melissa P. , Bergfeld Wilma F. , Caterino Tamara L. , Fisher Brian K. , Sacha Jarek P. , Carr Gregory J. , Moulton Laura T. , Whittenbarger Deborah J. , Schwartz James R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveIncreasing hair fullness is a global unmet need for many men and women. An approach to the problem is to decrease hair fall or shedding by reducing scalp stratum corneum oxidation and barrier damage to increase hair retention. This study evaluated a combination of functional antioxidants and barrier‐enhancing cosmetic ingredients to improve scalp condition thereby enabling stronger hair anchorage and longer retention.MethodsMale and female subjects with normal scalp condition and self‐perceived hair thinning participated in a 24‐week, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized clinical study assessing either a regimen of treatment shampoo and leave‐on treatment containing functional antioxidant and barrier‐enhancing agents or an identical placebo chassis shampoo control. The functional ingredients were piroctone olamine, zinc pyrithione, zinc carbonate, niacinamide, panthenol and caffeine. At baseline and after 8, 16 and 24 weeks of product use, several measurements were taken: hair shedding, total hair count (by phototrichogram), hair samples, TEWL and evaluation of biomarkers of scalp and hair conditions. Subjects also completed self‐assessment questionnaires.ResultsStatistically significant effects for functional ingredient‐containing treatment regimen versus a placebo control shampoo formulation were observed for reduced hair shedding, increased total hair count, reduced TEWL and improvement in scalp biomarker values. Subjects also noticed these improvements assessed via self‐assessment questionnaires.ConclusionsThese results establish that the use of functional antioxidant and barrier‐enhancing agents to further improve scalp condition can enable a reduction in hair shedding and thus an increase in perceived hair fullness. The underlying improvements in scalp condition suggest the hair benefits were achieved as a result of improved scalp skin barrier and scalp condition leading to a viable preventative approach for hair thinning.
Oxidative stress and its impact on skin, scalp and hair
Authors: Trüeb Ralph M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOxidative stress is an unbalanced condition in which the tissues of the body are not sufficiently able to counteract either exogenous or endogenous sources of reactive oxygen species. Oxidative stress is strongly associated with ageing, both local and systemic, as well as a wide range of local health conditions. This review focuses on the oxidative stress data known for skin, scalp and hair. This oxidative stress may be the ‘currency’ by which an unhealthy scalp leads to deleterious consequences to the hair. The ramifications of this scalp oxidative stress to normal hair elongation, retention and replacement are discussed.
Systemic lupus erythematosus: a clinical update
Authors: Connelly Kathryn , Morand Eric F. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi‐system autoimmune disease known for its complexity and heterogeneity. Striking diversity can be observed between individual patients, in terms of clinical manifestations, serological abnormalities, disease progression and response to therapy. Furthermore, dysfunction of a broad range of immune pathways underlies disease development and expression. An appreciation of this diversity is vital in order to diagnose accurately and appropriately treat patients with SLE as there is no one‐size‐fits‐all diagnostic test or treatment. Optimal management involves identifying affected organs, assessing severity, differentiating activity from irreversible damage and tailoring immunosuppressive treatment accordingly. Non‐pharmacological interventions, attention to disease and treatment‐related comorbidities and addressing the significant impact on health‐related quality of life are also crucial to maximising patient outcomes.
Hyponatraemia due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion in adults with respiratory syncytial virus infection
Authors: Smale Matthew , Freckelton Julia , Waters Mary , Grill Vivian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe present a case of severe hyponatraemia due to syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) in a patient with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. A retrospective analysis of all patients admitted to our hospital with RSV in the preceding 3‐year period revealed hyponatraemia in 41 (28%) cases, of which 13 (8.9%) were moderate or severe. SIADH was explored and confirmed in five (3.4%) patients, raising this as an important, previously unrecognised, complication of RSV infection in adults. Physician awareness of SIADH as a potential complication of RSV will facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of this potentially fatal disorder.
Quality of life in cancer patients with different preferences for nurse spiritual therapeutics: The role of psychological capital
Authors: Guo Yu‐Fang , Wang Ke‐Fang , Cross Wendy , Lam Louisa , Plummer Virginia , LI Jing 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimTo explore the status of quality of life and psychological capital and analyse the different effects of psychological capital on the quality of life of cancer patients with different preferences for nurse spiritual therapeutics.DesignA cross‐sectional survey was used.MethodsTwo hundred and eight cancer patients were recruited using convenience sampling from a tertiary Chinese hospital, between March and July 2019. Data on preferences for nurse spiritual therapeutics (PNST), psychological capital (PsyCap) and quality of life (QoL) were collected using paper questionnaires. Hierarchical multiple regression was employed to investigate the different influences of PsyCap on QoL of cancer patients with various levels of PNST.ResultsCompared with patients having high PNST, patients with mild‐moderate PNST experienced lower self‐efficacy, hope, optimism, PsyCap and social/family well‐being. PsyCap significantly explained the variance on QoL of patients with various levels of PNST. Age, gender, presence of caregiver were significant factors influencing physical, social/family and emotional well‐being of patients with high PNST.ConclusionThe present study demonstrates disparities in PsyCap and QoL between cancer patients with mild‐moderate and high PNST. It is essential to be aware of the positive influences of PsyCap on QoL and develop effective interventions for patients to improve their QoL, especially for those with mild‐moderate PNST.ImpactIt is necessary to realize the benefits of PsyCap on QoL of cancer patients with various levels of PNST. Appropriate training for nurses needs to be developed to promote their spiritual care competencies. Moreover, supportive interventions should be developed for cancer patients to improve their PsyCap and QoL.
Is the human movement effect stable over time? The effects of presentation format on acquisition and retention of a motor skill
Authors: H'mida Cyrine , Kalyuga Slava , Souissi Nafaa , Rekik Ghazi , Jarraya Mohamed , Khacharem Aïmen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the current study was to investigate the robustness of the human movement effect and its stability over time by comparing the effectiveness of dynamic and static presentations on acquisition and retention of a gross motor skill.MethodsOne hundred and seven first‐year students studying for the certificate in Physical Education course were randomly divided into three groups: (i) static pictures (N = 32), (ii) enriched static pictures with arrows (N = 34), and (iii) video (N = 41). They were instructed to observe the demonstration of the Ippon‐Seoi‐Nage (a Judo technique) and reproduce it during the acquisition phase or after a delay of 1 week during the retention phase.Results and ConclusionsThe results showed that enriched static pictures (with arrows) resulted in more efficient learning than the static pictures (without arrows). Most importantly, it was shown that learners receiving the video presentation outperformed learners receiving the static presentations, with regard to acquisition and retention, indicating therefore a robust human movement effect.ImplicationsThese findings provide confirmation of the superiority of video presentations for teaching and learning motor skills involving the entire human body.
Effects of new coopetition designs on learning performance in robotics education
Authors: Zhong Baichang , Xia Liying 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlthough some researchers have applied both cooperation and competition in the practice of robotics education, most of these practices were not systematic, and there was no integration design for intra‐group cooperation and inter‐group competition.ObjectivesThe study aims to examine the effects of different coopetition designs on students' intragroup cooperation and intergroup competition.MethodsA two‐stage study was conducted in two elementary schools. In the pilot study, two coopetition designs were developed by combining rewarded and unrewarded competition. In the follow‐up study, three coopetition designs (i.e., zero‐sum with real‐time reward, zero‐sum with delayed reward, and social‐comparison) were examined.Results and ConclusionsThe study showed that both social‐comparison coopetition and zero‐sum real‐time reward coopetition can be more effective than zero‐sum delayed reward coopetition in teaching knowledge and skills in robotics education. Social comparison coopetition turned out to have a larger effect on affective outcome than the zero‐sum delayed reward coopetition.ImplicationsSocial comparison coopetition seems to be a more advantages method for both cognitive and affective learning. However, more research is needed to confirm the difference in effectiveness between the three models of coopetition.
Advanced therapeutic modalities in hepatocellular carcinoma: Novel insights
Authors: Shokoohian Bahare , Negahdari Babak , Aboulkheyr Es Hamidreza , Abedi‐Valugerdi Manuchehr , Baghaei Kaveh , Agarwal Tarun , Maiti Tapas Kumar , Hassan Moustapha , Najimi Mustapha , Vosough Massoud 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver cancer, is usually a latent and asymptomatic malignancy caused by different aetiologies, which is a result of various aberrant molecular heterogeneity and often diagnosed at advanced stages. The incidence and prevalence have significantly increased because of sedentary lifestyle, diabetes, chronic infection with hepatotropic viruses and exposure to aflatoxins. Due to advanced intra‐ or extrahepatic metastasis, recurrence is very common even after radical resection. In this paper, we highlighted novel therapeutic modalities, such as molecular‐targeted therapies, targeted radionuclide therapies and epigenetic modification‐based therapies. These topics are trending headlines and their combination with cell‐based immunotherapies, and gene therapy has provided promising prospects for the future of HCC treatment. Moreover, a comprehensive overview of current and advanced therapeutic approaches is discussed and the advantages and limitations of each strategy are described. Finally, very recent and approved novel combined therapies and their promising results in HCC treatment have been introduced.
The magnitude and management of functional constipation at pediatric gastroenterology clinics: A survey study of various countries
Authors: Osatakul Seksit , Benninga Marc A. , Thapar Nikhil , Treepongkaruna Suporn , Puetpaiboon Areeruk 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and AimThere have been no large‐scale epidemiological study of functional constipation of pediatric gastroenterology services. This survey was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of functional constipation and magnitude of related problems in hospital settings of various countries as well as the practice of pediatric gastroenterologists in management of these conditions.MethodsThe survey was conducted by sending questionnaires to members of Societies for Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition of various continents.ResultsA total of 274 pediatric gastroenterologists from 41 countries participated in this study. Functional constipation accounted for overall 30% of patients attending pediatric gastroenterology outpatient clinics. In comparison with non‐western countries, respondents from western countries reported significantly higher median annual numbers of new patients with intractable functional constipation (10 [4,25] vs 5 [2,10], P < 0.001), dyssynergic defecation (3 [0,15] vs 1 [0,4], P < 0.001), and colonic inertia (2 [0,5] vs 0 [0,1], P < 0.001). The use of high dose polyethylene glycol for fecal disimpaction was significantly more commonly among respondents from western countries, whereas rectal enema was significantly more favored in non‐western countries. Respondents from different continents reported significant discrepancies in choices of investigations and management of patients with dyssynergic defecation and colonic inertia.ConclusionsFunctional constipation is a major problem for pediatric gastroenterology outpatient services worldwide. There were significant variations in the investigations of choice and therapeutic management of functional constipation, intractable functional constipation, and related problems among pediatric gastroenterologists of different geographic regions.
Women's and Employers’ Experiences and Views of Combining Breastfeeding with a Return to Paid Employment: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies
Authors: Chang Yan‐Shing , Harger Laura , Beake Sarah , Bick Debra 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionReturning to paid employment is one of the reasons women stop breastfeeding earlier than they planned to. This systematic review aimed to provide insight into the experiences and views of women and employers on breastfeeding and returning to paid employment, with findings used to inform practice and policy.MethodsThe review was guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence. Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases were searched for studies published in English. JBI's meta‐aggregative approach informed data analysis. The studies in this analysis included women who stopped breastfeeding before, and those who continued breastfeeding after, returning to paid employment and the employers, work managers, or supervisors of women who continued breastfeeding after returning to paid employment.ResultsTwenty‐six articles presenting findings from 25 studies were included and critically appraised. Synthesized findings showed that women experienced physical and emotional difficulties and described gender and employment inequalities in accessing and receiving the support they needed. Women reported that the importance of their own motivation and having workplace legislation in place facilitated breastfeeding during employment. Support from employers, colleagues, and family members, as well as access to convenient child care, helped women continue breastfeeding on return to paid employment. Employers’ personal experiences influenced their views on breastfeeding and working, and the need for more education and communication between employers and employers on breastfeeding in the workplace was recognized.DiscussionSupport from family, work colleagues, and employers was important to reduce the physical and emotional challenges women experienced when combing breastfeeding with return to paid employment. Gender inequalities, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries, in accessing support exacerbated the difficulties women experienced. Limited data were identified regarding employers’ experiences and views, suggesting an urgent need for further research to explore employers’ and work colleagues’ experiences and views.
Implication of COVID‐19 on the mental health of Egyptian dermatologists: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Elsaie Mohamed L. , Hasan Mohamed S. , Zaky Mohamed S. , Hussein Sherief M. , Kadah Ahmed S. , Omar Ahmed M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundMajor epidemic outbreaks create an increased demand for healthcare workers (HCWs) and pose increased health risk and psychological distress to them as well.AimThe aim of this cross sectional study was to find out the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among Egyptian dermatologists and their possible predictor factors.Patients/MethodsA cross sectional study was designed and data were collected using structured self‐administered online depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS‐21).ResultsThe depression scale of DASS was 18.98 ± 9.56 among which 38% of dermatologists had either severe or extremely severe depression and 34.2% complained of moderate depression. Meanwhile, the anxiety scale was 12.92 ± 7.75 and 35.4 % of surveyed dermatologists had either severe or extremely severe anxiety. Thirty three percent of dermatologists were normal on stress score. Female dermatologists possessed more significant depression and stress than males (19.70 ± 9.71 vs. 16.62 ± 8.68, p = 0.003; 21.42 ± 9.53 vs. 17.40 ± 8.49, p <0.001 respectively). On the contrary, male dermatologists expressed more anxiety than female dermatologists however this was not statistically significant (13.26 ± 7.99 vs. 12.82 ± 7.69, p = 0.625).ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the differential impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on Egyptian dermatologists. Mental health care and support are of extreme importance to physicians mid this pandemic.
The role of sonication in preparing injectable poly‐l‐lactic acid
Authors: Hong Eun Hye , Baek Eun Joo , Suh Suk Bae , Kim Kwang Ho 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundInjectable poly‐l‐lactic acid (PLLA) carries the risk of nodule or microlump formation. Various methods including sonication have been tried to minimize these adverse effects of PLLA.AimsThis study investigated the change in size, distribution, and properties of PLLA particles after sonication, and the duration of sonication needed to reach the ideal particle size.Methods and MaterialsTwo indicators, the average size of PLLA particles and diameter at 90%, were measured at each timepoint: at 0, 10, 60, 120, and 240 minutes of sonication. The characteristics and particle shape were assessed at 0 and 240 minutes.ResultsThe average particle size and the diameter at 90% decreased drastically until 10 minutes of sonication and then increased slightly at 60 minutes. After 60 minutes, the average size and the diameter at 90% gradually decreased over time and reached 42.2 μm and 75.7 μm, respectively, at 120 minutes. After 240 minutes of sonication, the average particle size was 35.9 μm, much smaller than the smallest proper size required (40 μm). Standard deviation decreased gradually over time, which means that a more even distribution was obtained. Crystalline remnants were significantly less left with 120 minutes sonication compared to those with 120 minutes hydration only. PLLA particles were more cracked at the center, and microcrystals were more loosely distributed at the periphery after 120 minutes sonication.ConclusionSonication help reduce the average size of PLLA particles and achieve more even distribution. Therefore, we believe sonication may attribute to the safer use of PLLA.
Knowledge, perception and prevention performance of intensive care unit nurses about medical device‐related pressure injuries
Authors: Erbay Dalli Öznur , Kelebek Girgin Nermin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAim and ObjectiveTo examine intensive care unit (ICU) nurses’ knowledge, perceptions and prevention performance about medical device‐related pressure injuries (MDRPIs).BackgroundPrevention of MDRPIs has been an important part of nursing care, and there is a limited number of studies on nurses’ level of knowledge or perception about MDRPIs.DesignThis study was designed as a cross‐sectional survey and conducted according to STROBE Guidelines.MethodThe data of the study were collected with the Nurse Information Form and the MDRPI Knowledge Assessment Questionnaire. In the first phase, the psychometric properties of the questionnaire were evaluated (content validity, internal consistency and test‐retest). A pilot study was conducted with 20 nurses for the test‐retest phase. These nurses were excluded from the general sample.ResultsThe study was conducted with 142 ICU nurses. The average percent knowledge score of ICU nurses on MDRPIs was 68.4%. In the survey, the highest rate of correct response was found in the expressions about MDRPIs skin assessment (83.6%), and the lowest was in those about follow‐up (50.8%). There was no significant relationship between the total score and age, work experience and specialties (p > .05 for each). However, scores were significantly higher in females than males (65.5 vs. 47.8, p = .020) and in those with a postgraduate degree than those with a bachelor's degree (81.8 vs. 57.9, p = .008).ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that nurses do not have sufficient perception of MDRPIs. The findings of the study can be used to improve nursing policies and practices in acute care settings. Additional studies will be needed with nurses and healthcare professionals working in different clinical settings.Relevance to the clinical practiceThis study demonstrates the nurses’ need for more knowledge about MDRPIs and will help inform healthcare institutions and their management teams in developing programs and improving protocols to reduce the incidence of MDRPIs.
The Mediterranean diet and health: a comprehensive overview
Authors: Guasch‐Ferré M. , Willett W. C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), one of the most studied and well‐known dietary patterns worldwide, has been associated with a wide range of benefits for health. In the present narrative review, we aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on the relation of the MedDiet to important health outcomes, considering both observational and intervention studies with both risk factors and clinical diseases as outcomes. In addition, we considered the clinical and public health impacts of the MedDiet on both human and planetary health. Earlier research confirmed by recent studies has provided strong evidence for the benefits of the MedDiet on cardiovascular health, including reduction in the incidence of cardiovascular outcomes as well as risk factors including obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and dyslipidaemia. There is also evidence that MedDiet is associated with lower rates of incident diabetes, and better glycaemic control in diabetic patients compared to control diets. In prospective studies, adherence to the MedDiet reduced mortality, especially cardiovascular mortality, hence increased longevity. In addition, it has been associated with less age‐related cognitive dysfunction and lower incidence of neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, the relatively low environmental impacts (water, nitrogen and carbon footprint) of the MedDiet is an additional positive aspect of the Mediterranean dietary model. It is likely that the combination of a healthy diet with social behaviours and the way of life of Mediterranean regions makes the MedDiet a sustainable lifestyle model that could likely be followed in other regions with country‐specific and culturally appropriate variations.