bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of life course socioeconomic status and adult height with cognitive functioning of older adults in India and China
Authors: Selvamani Y. , Arokiasamy P. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Cognitive functioning is an important measure of intrinsic capacity. In this study, we examine the association of life course socioeconomic status (SES) and height with cognitive functioning among older adults (50+) in India and China. The age pattern of cognitive functioning with measures of life course socioeconomic status has also been examined.

Methods
Cross-sectional comparative analysis was conducted using the WHO’s Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) data for India and China. Multilevel mixed-effect linear regression analysis was used to examine the association of life course socioeconomic status and adult height with cognitive functioning.

Results
In both India and China, parental education as a measure of childhood socioeconomic status was positively associated with cognitive functioning. The association between adult socioeconomic status and cognitive functioning was positive and significant. Height was significantly and positively associated with improved cognitive functioning of older adults in India and China. Furthermore, the age-related decline in cognitive functioning score was higher among older adults whose parents had no schooling, particularly in China. The cognitive functioning score with age was much lower among less-educated older adults than those with higher levels of education in China. Wealthier older adults in India had higher cognitive functioning in middle ages, however, wealth differences narrowed with age.

Conclusions
The results of this study suggest a significant association of lifetime socioeconomic status and cumulative net nutrition on later-life cognitive functioning in middle-income settings.
EGFR-mutant NSCLC presenting with stroke and massive systemic embolization as the first manifestation: case report
Authors: Wang Zheng , Miao Jiangyong , Wang Lina , Liu Ying , Ji Hui , Zhang Xiangjian , Cui Lili 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Presentation with massive systemic embolization as the initial manifestation of occult malignancy is infrequent. The standard management of cancer-related arterial thromboembolism has not yet been established.

Case presentation
We described a case of Trousseau’s syndrome resulting in acute ischemic stroke concomitant with multiple embolizations in the spleen and kidney during oral administration of dabigatran for pulmonary embolism preceding the diagnosis of a malignant tumor. A cancer-related hypercoagulable state was suspected because the patient was admitted to the neurology department due to acute ischemic stroke with three territory infarcts on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the absence of identifiable conventional risk factors and brain vessel narrowing. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation–positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (stage IV) with pleural metastasis. Administration of low-molecular-weight heparin followed by long-term dabigatran under effective cancer therapy comprising gefitinib and subsequent chemotherapy did not cause stroke relapse during the 1-year follow-up.

Conclusions
This case suggests that cancer-related hypercoagulability should be considered an important etiology for stroke patients who develop unexplained disseminated acute cerebral infarction without conventional stroke risk factors, especially concomitant with multiple organ embolization. Novel oral anticoagulants may be an alternative therapy for the long-term management of cancer-related arterial thromboembolism under effective cancer therapy.
Novel therapeutic interventions towards improved management of septic arthritis
Authors: Wang Jian , Wang Liucai 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSeptic arthritis (SA) represents a medical emergency that needs immediate diagnosis and urgent treatment. Despite aggressive treatment and rapid diagnosis of the causative agent, the mortality and lifelong disability, associated with septic arthritis remain high as close to 11%. Moreover, with the rise in drug resistance, the rates of failure of conventional antibiotic therapy have also increased. Among the etiological agents frequently isolated from cases of septic arthritis, Staphylococcus aureus emerges as a dominating pathogen, and to worsen, the rise in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates in bone and joint infections is worrisome. MRSA associated cases of septic arthritis exhibit higher mortality, longer hospital stay, and higher treatment failure with poorer clinical outcomes as compared to cases caused by the sensitive strain i.e methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA).In addition to this, equal or even greater damage is imposed by the exacerbated immune response mounted by the patient’s body in a futile attempt to eradicate the bacteria. The antibiotic therapy may not be sufficient enough to control the progression of damage to the joint involved thus, adding to higher mortality and disability rates despite the prompt and timely start of treatment. This situation implies that efforts and focus towards studying/understanding new strategies for improved management of sepsis arthritis is prudent and worth exploring.The review article aims to give a complete insight into the new therapeutic approaches studied by workers lately in this field. To the best of our knowledge studies highlighting the novel therapeutic strategies against septic arthritis are limited in the literature, although articles on pathogenic mechanism and choice of antibiotics for therapy, current treatment algorithms followed have been discussed by workers in the past. The present study presents and discusses the new alternative approaches, their mechanism of action, proof of concept, and work done so far towards their clinical success. This will surely help to enlighten the researchers with comprehensive knowledge of the new interventions that can be used as an adjunct therapy along with conventional treatment protocol for improved success rates.
The survival rates and risk factors of implants in the early stage: a retrospective study
Authors: Yang Yong , Hu Huiting , Zeng Mianyan , Chu Hongxing , Gan Zekun , Duan Jianmin , Rong Mingdeng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundFew large-sample studies in China have focused on the early survival of dental implants. The present study aimed to report the early survival rates of implants and determine the related influencing factors.MethodsAll patients receiving dental implants at our institution between 2006 and 2017 were included. The endpoint of the study was early survival rates of implants, according to gender, age, maxilla/mandible, dental position, bone augmentation, bone augmentation category, immediate implant, submerged implant category, implant diameter, implant length, implant torque, and other related factors. Initially, SPSS22.0 was used for statistical analysis. The Chi-square test was used to screen all factors, and those withp < 0.05 were further introduced into a multiple logistic regression model to illustrate the risk factors for early survival rates of implants.ResultsIn this study, we included 1078 cases (601 males and 477 females) with 2053 implants. After implantation, 1974 implants were retained, and the early survival rate was 96.15%. Patients aged 30–60 years (OR  2.392), with Class I bone quality (OR  3.689), bone augmentation (OR  1.742), immediate implantation (OR  3.509), and implant length < 10 mm (OR  2.972), were said to possess risk factors conducive to early survival rates.ConclusionsThe early survival rate of implants in our cohort exceeded 96%, with risk factors including age, tooth position, bone quality, implant length, bone augmentation surgery, and immediate implantation. When the above factors coexist, implant placement should be treated carefully.
High plasma renin activity associates with obesity-related diabetes and arterial hypertension, and predicts persistent hypertension after bariatric surgery
Authors: La Sala Lucia , Tagliabue Elena , Vieira Elaine , Pontiroli Antonio E , Folli Franco 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Information about the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) in obese individuals before and after bariatric surgery is scarce. Aim of this study was to analyze the RAAS in severely obese subjects, in relation to anthropometric and metabolic variables, with special reference to glucose tolerance.

Methods
239 subjects were evaluated at baseline, and 181 one year after bariatric surgery [laparoscopic gastric banding (LAGB)].

Results
At baseline, renin (plasma renin activity, PRA) was increased from normal to glucose tolerance and more in diabetes, also correlating with ferritin. After LAGB, the decrease of PRA and aldosterone was significant in hypertensive, but not in normotensive subjects, and correlatied with decrease of ferritin. PRA and glucose levels were predictive of persistent hypertension 1 year after LAGB.

Conclusions
These data support the role of RAAS in the pathophysiology of glucose homeostasis, and in the regulation of blood pressure in obesity. Ferritin, as a proxy of subclinical inflammation, could be another factor contributing to the cross-talk between RAAS and glucose metabolism.
YWHAE as an HE4 interacting protein can influence the malignant behaviour of ovarian cancer by regulating the PI3K/AKT and MAPK pathways
Authors: Li Xiao , Wang Caixia , Wang Shuang , Hu Yuexin , Jin Shan , Liu Ouxuan , Gou Rui , Nie Xin , Liu Juanjuan , Lin Bei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundMalignant tumours of the female reproductive system threaten the lives and health of women worldwide, with ovarian cancer having the highest mortality rate. Based on previous work, this study analysed the expression and role of YWHAE in ovarian epithelial tumours.MethodsThe interaction between YWHAE and HE4 was evaluated via immunoprecipitation, western blot analysis, and cellular immunofluorescence. Immunohistochemistry was used to address the relationship between YWHAE expression, clinicopathological parameters, and patient prognosis. Changes in cell invasion, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle before and after differential expression of YWHAE were also explored in ovarian cancer cell lines and via in vivo experiments.ResultsYWHAE was found to interact with HE4, and its expression was positively correlated with HE4 expression. Moreover, YWHAE upregulation was associated with advanced stages of ovarian cancer and poor patient prognosis. In addition, YWHAE enhanced invasion, migration, and proliferation, but inhibited the apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. These biological effects were found to be mediated by the AKT and MAPK signalling pathways.ConclusionsAltogether, this study demonstrates that YWHAE is substantially upregulated in ovarian cancer tissues, representing a risk factor for the prognosis of ovarian cancer that is positively correlated with HE4 expression. Furthermore, YWHAE and its downstream pathways may represent new therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer.
Does liver cirrhosis affect the surgical outcome of primary colorectal cancer surgery? A meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Yu-Xi , Tao Wei , Zhang Hua , Peng Dong , Wei Zheng-Qiang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of liver cirrhosis (LC) on the short-term and long-term surgical outcomes of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods
The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to March 23, 2021. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of enrolled studies, and RevMan 5.3 was used for data analysis in this meta-analysis. The registration ID of this current meta-analysis on PROSPERO is CRD42021238042.

Results
In total, five studies with 2485 patients were included in this meta-analysis. For the baseline information, no significant differences in age, sex, tumor location, or tumor T staging were noted. Regarding short-term outcomes, the cirrhotic group had more major complications (OR=5.15, 95% CI=1.62 to 16.37, p=0.005), a higher re-operation rate (OR=2.04, 95% CI=1.07 to 3.88, p=0.03), and a higher short-term mortality rate (OR=2.85, 95% CI=1.93 to 4.20, p<0.00001) than the non-cirrhotic group. However, no significant differences in minor complications (OR=1.54, 95% CI=0.78 to 3.02, p=0.21) or the rate of intensive care unit (ICU) admission (OR=0.76, 95% CI=0.10 to 5.99, p=0.80) were noted between the two groups. Moreover, the non-cirrhotic group exhibited a longer survival time than the cirrhotic group (HR=2.96, 95% CI=2.28 to 3.85, p<0.00001).

Conclusion
Preexisting LC was associated with an increased postoperative major complication rate, a higher rate of re-operation, a higher short-term mortality rate, and poor overall survival following CRC surgery.
Preoperative plasma D-dimer independently predicts survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma undergoing radical resection
Authors: Chen Haoda , Li Fanlu , Zou Siyi , Xie Junjie , Zhang Jun , Deng Xiaxing , Chen Hao , Shen Baiyong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Elevated plasma D-dimer levels have been reported as an unfavorable prognostic indicator in many solid tumors. However, there are limited relevant studies in pancreatic cancer patients following radical surgery, and the clinical significance remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and prognostic significance of preoperative plasma D-dimer in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) undergoing resection.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on all patients who consecutively underwent radical surgery for PDAC by laparotomy or robotic surgery from December 2011 to December 2018. Baseline clinicopathologic characteristics, preoperative laboratory parameters, and follow-up information were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to analyze the prognostic value of preoperative plasma D-dimer.

Results
Among 1351 patients, elevated preoperative plasma D-dimer levels (≥ 0.55 ng/mL) were found in 417 (30.9%) patients. Three hundred twelve (23.09%) underwent minimally invasive robotic pancreatectomy. The median overall survival (OS) of patients with elevated D-dimer levels was 6.3 months shorter than that of patients with normal D-dimer levels (15.0 months vs 21.3 months, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that elevated D-dimer levels independently predicted poorer OS (hazard ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-1.51, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that D-dimer was a reliable prognostic factor in patients who underwent R0 resection. In addition, integration of D-dimer, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and NLR provided a better prognostic model for PDAC patients before operation.

Conclusion
An elevated preoperative plasma D-dimer level was a reliable independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with PDAC undergoing resection. Combination of D-dimer, CA19-9, and NLR can enhance the prognostic accuracy before operation.
Association between baseline and changes in serum uric acid and incident metabolic syndrome: a nation-wide cohort study and updated meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Sen , Wu Nianwei , Yu Chuan , Xu Ying , Xu Chengfu , Huang Yuli , Zhao Jian , Li Ningxiu , Pan Xiong-Fei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
To prospectively examine the associations of baseline serum uric acid (SUA) and SUA changes with incident metabolic syndrome (MetS) and update the evidence through a meta-analysis.

Methods
Our analyses were based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011–2012 to 2015–2016. The exposures were baseline SUA and SUA changes, and the outcome was incident MetS assessed in 2015–2016. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize evidence from all cohort studies on the same topic.

Results
Of 3779 participants (47.2% men; mean age: 59.5 years) without MetS, 452 participants developed MetS after a follow-up of 4 years. Compared to the lowest quartiles, the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for MetS were 1.08 (0.77–1.50), 1.32 (0.95–1.82), and 1.55 (1.12–2.16) for three higher quartiles of baseline SUA, and 1.23 (0.89–1.71), 1.39 (1.00–1.93), and 1.89 (1.38–2.58) for three higher quartiles of SUA changes. Each increment of 1 mg/dL of baseline SUA level was associated with 19% higher odds of MetS (adjusted OR 1.19; 95% CI 1.07–1.33). In the meta-analysis of 24 cohort studies among 140,913 participants, the pooled relative risk (95% CI) was 1.32 (1.25–1.40) for the highest versus lowest SUA category, and 1.15 (1.09–1.21) for each 1 mg/dL increase in the SUA level.

Conclusions
Both baseline SUA and longitudinal SUA changes were positively associated with risk of MetS among middle-aged and elderly Chinese, which was supported by findings from a comprehensive meta-analysis across multiple populations. SUA levels might need to be monitored closely for subsequent risk of MetS in clinical practice.
Chromosome 10 abnormality predicts prognosis of neuroblastoma patients with bone marrow metastasis
Authors: Jiang Chi-yi , Xu Xiao , Jian Bing-lin , Zhang Xue , Yue Zhi-xia , Guo Wei , Ma Xiao-li 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. It is known for high heterogeneity and concealed onset. In recent years, the mechanism of its occurrence and development has been gradually revealed. The purpose of this study is to summarize the clinical characteristics of children with NB and abnormal chromosome 10, and to investigate the relationship between the number and structure of chromosome 10 abnormalities and NB prognosis.

Methods
Chromosome G-banding was used at the time of diagnosis to evaluate the genetics of chromosomes in patients with NB and track their clinical characteristics and prognosis. All participants were diagnosed with NB in the Medical Oncology Department of the Beijing Children’s Hospital from May 2015 to December 2018 and were followed up with for at least 1 year.

Results
Of all 150 patients with bone marrow metastases, 42 were clearly diagnosed with chromosomal abnormalities. Thirteen patients showed abnormalities in chromosome 10, and chromosome 10 was the most commonly missing chromosome. These 13 patients had higher LDH and lower OS and EFS than children with chromosomal abnormalities who did not have an abnormality in chromosome 10. Eight patients had both MYCN amplification and 1p36 deletion. Two patients had optic nerve damage and no vision, and one patient had left supraorbital metastases 5 months after treatment.

Conclusions
The results indicated that chromosome 10 might be a new prognostic marker for NB. MYCN amplification and 1p36 deletion may be related to chromosome 10 abnormalities in NB. Additionally, NB patients with abnormal chromosome 10 were prone to orbital metastases.
Transcription shapes DNA replication initiation to preserve genome integrity
Authors: Liu Yang , Ai Chen , Gan Tingting , Wu Jinchun , Jiang Yongpeng , Liu Xuhao , Lu Rusen , Gao Ning , Li Qing , Ji Xiong , Hu Jiazhi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundEarly DNA replication occurs within actively transcribed chromatin compartments in mammalian cells, raising the immediate question of how early DNA replication coordinates with transcription to avoid collisions and DNA damage.ResultsWe develop a high-throughput nucleoside analog incorporation sequencing assay and identify thousands of early replication initiation zones in both mouse and human cells. The identified early replication initiation zones fall in open chromatin compartments and are mutually exclusive with transcription elongation. Of note, early replication initiation zones are mainly located in non-transcribed regions adjacent to transcribed regions. Mechanistically, we find that RNA polymerase II actively redistributes the chromatin-bound mini-chromosome maintenance complex (MCM), but not the origin recognition complex (ORC), to actively restrict early DNA replication initiation outside of transcribed regions. In support of this finding, we detect apparent MCM accumulation and DNA replication initiation in transcribed regions due to anchoring of nuclease-dead Cas9 at transcribed genes, which stalls RNA polymerase II. Finally, we find that the orchestration of early DNA replication initiation by transcription efficiently prevents gross DNA damage.ConclusionRNA polymerase II redistributes MCM complexes, but not the ORC, to prevent early DNA replication from initiating within transcribed regions. This RNA polymerase II-driven MCM redistribution spatially separates transcription and early DNA replication events and avoids the transcription-replication initiation collision, thereby providing a critical regulatory mechanism to preserve genome stability.
Identification of DNA methylation biomarkers for risk of liver metastasis in early-stage colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Weihua , Guo Lei , Tang Wanxiangfu , Ma Yutong , Wang Xiaonan , Shao Yang , Zhao Hong , Ying Jianming 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Liver metastases can occur even in CRC patients who underwent curative surgery. While evidence suggested that adjuvant chemotherapy can help to reduce the occurrence of liver metastases for certain patients, it is not a recommended routine as the side effects outweigh the potential benefits, especially in Stage II CRC patients. This study aims to construct a model for predicting liver metastasis risk using differential methylation signals in primary CRC tumors, which can facilitate the decision for adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods
Fifty-nine stage I/II and IV CRC patients were enrolled. Primary tumor, adjacent normal tissue, and metastatic tumor tissues were subject to targeted bisulfite sequencing for DNA methylation. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) algorithm was used to identify potential DMRs for predicting liver metastasis of CRC.

Results
We identified a total of 241,573 DMRs by comparing the DNA methylation profile of primary tumors of stage II patients who developed metastasis to those who were metastasis-free during the follow up period. 213 DMRs were associated with poor prognosis, among which 182 DMRS were found to be hypermethylated in the primary tumor of patients with metastases. Furthermore, by using the LASSO regression model, we identified 23 DMRs that contributed to a high probability of liver metastasis of CRC. The leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV) was used to evaluate model predictive performance at an AUC of 0.701. In particular, 7 out of those 23 DMRs were found to be in the promoter region of genes that were previously reported prognostic biomarkers in diverse tumor types, including TNNI2, PAX8, GUF1, KLF4, EVI2B, CEP112, and long non-coding RNA AC011298. In addition, the model was also able to distinguish metastases of different sites (liver or lung) at an AUC of 0.933.

Conclusion
We have identified DNA methylation biomarkers associated with the risk of cancer liver metastasis in early-stage CRC patients. A risk prediction model based on those epigenetic markers was proposed for outcome assessment.