bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic Regimens and Associated Outcomes in Children Hospitalized With Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome
Authors: Neubauer Hannah C , Hall Matthew , Lopez Michelle A , Cruz Andrea T , Queen Mary Ann , Foradori Dana M , Aronson Paul L , Markham Jessica L , Nead Jennifer A , Hester Gabrielle Z , McCulloh Russell J , Wallace Sowdhamini S 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUNDControversy exists regarding the optimal antibiotic regimen for use in hospitalized children with staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS). Various regimens may confer toxin suppression and/or additional coverage for methicillin‐susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) or methicillin‐resistant S aureus (MRSA).OBJECTIVESTo describe antibiotic regimens in hospitalized children with SSSS and examine the association between antistaphylococcal antibiotic regimens and patient outcomes.DESIGN/METHODSRetrospective cohort study of children hospitalized with SSSS using the Pediatric Health Information System database (2011‐2016). Children who received clindamycin monotherapy, clindamycin plus MSSA coverage (eg, nafcillin), or clindamycin plus MRSA coverage (eg, vancomycin) were included. The primary outcome was hospital length of stay (LOS); secondary outcomes were treatment failure and cost. Generalized linear mixed‐effects models were used to compare outcomes among antibiotic groups.RESULTSOf 1,259 children included, 828 children received the most common antistaphylococcal antibiotic regimens: clindamycin monotherapy (47%), clindamycin plus MSSA coverage (33%), and clindamycin plus MRSA coverage (20%). Children receiving clindamycin plus MRSA coverage had higher illness severity (44%) compared with clindamycin monotherapy (28%) and clindamycin plus MSSA (32%) (P = .001). In adjusted analyses, LOS and treatment failure did not differ among the 3 regimens (P = .42 and P = .26, respectively). Cost was significantly lower for children receiving clindamycin monotherapy and highest in those receiving clindamycin plus MRSA coverage (mean, $4,839 vs $5,348, respectively; P < .001).CONCLUSIONSIn children with SSSS, the addition of MSSA or MRSA coverage to clindamycin monotherapy was associated with increased cost and no incremental difference in clinical outcomes.
Early and Significant Reduction in C‐Reactive Protein Levels After Corticosteroid Therapy Is Associated With Reduced Mortality in Patients With COVID‐19
Authors: Cui Zhu , Merritt Zachary , Assa Andrei , Mustehsan Hashim , Chung Erica , Liu Sichen , Kumthekar Anand , Ayesha Bibi , McCort Margaret , Palaiodimos Leonidas , Baron Sarah , Averbukh Yelena , Southern William , Arora Shitij 
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUNDCorticosteroids may be beneficial in a subset of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), but predictors of therapeutic response remain unknown. C‐reactive protein (CRP) is a routinely measured biomarker, and reduction in its levels after initiation of therapy may predict inpatient mortality.METHODSIn this retrospective cohort study, the charts of patients who were admitted to Montefiore Medical Center between March 10, 2020, and May 2, 2020 for the management of COVID‐19 were examined. Of all patients who met inclusion criteria, patients who received corticosteroid treatment were categorized as CRP responders (≥50% CRP level reduction) and CRP nonresponders (<50% CRP level reduction) based on change in CRP within 72 hours of corticosteroid treatment initiation. The outcomes of interest were two‐fold: (1) CRP response after treatment with corticosteroid, and (2) differences in mortality among patients with CRP response compared those without.RESULTSOf 2,707 patients admitted during the study period, 324 received corticosteroid treatment. Of patients who received corticosteroid treatment, CRP responders had reduced risk of death compared with risk among CRP nonresponders (25.2% vs 47.8%; unadjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.37; 95% CI, 0.21‐0.65; P < .001). This effect remained strong and significant after adjustment for potential confounders (adjusted OR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.14‐0.54; P < .001).CONCLUSIONReduction in CRP by 50% or more within 72 hours of initiating corticosteroid therapy potentially predicts inpatient mortality. This may serve as an early biomarker of response to corticosteroid therapy in patients with COVID‐19.
Views and experiences of the female condom in Australia: An exploratory cross-sectional survey of cisgender women
Authors: Fenwick Sarah E. , Botfield Jessica R. , Kidman Prudence , McGeechan Kevin , Bateson Deborah 
Published: February 2021

Background
The female condom is the only female-initiated form of protection against unintended pregnancy and sexually transmissible infections (STIs). However, use of this method in Australia is low. To better understand women’s views and experiences of the female condom, we conducted an interventional cross-sectional study.

Methods
Cisgender women ≥16 years, heterosexually active and living in New South Wales were recruited through social media advertisements and email invitations to clients of a family planning service. Eligible participants were provided with three female condoms and invited to complete a follow-up survey. Survey responses for women who attempted to use at least one female condom were summarised using counts and proportions.

Results
We recruited 556 women; few (30/556) had used the female condom before the study. There were 284 women who used, or attempted to use, a female condom during the study and completed the follow-up survey. Fifty-one percent (104/205) reported experiencing some difficulty in insertion, although only 46% (130/284) had seen an instructional demonstration. Approximately half (105/204) of women rated the sensation and comfort of the female condom as the same or better than the male condom, and 66% (137/204) reported that it provided the same or better lubrication. Approximately half of women said they would consider using the female condom again for STI prevention (51% (133/260)) or contraception (40% (103/260)), or would recommend to others (43% (112/260)).

Conclusion
Findings highlight the need for increased health promotion and education regarding use of the female condom. To increase access it will be important to address method cost and availability in Australia. Future research should explore other perspectives of this method, including among the LGBTIQ+ community.
Impact of hospitalization duration before medical emergency team activation: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Jinmi , Shin Yujung , Choi Eunjoo , Choi Sunhui , Son Jeongsuk , Jung Youn Kyung , Hong Sang-Bum 
Published: February 2021

Background
The rapid response system has been implemented in many hospitals worldwide and, reportedly, the timing of medical emergency team (MET) attendance in relation to the duration of hospitalization is associated with the mortality of MET patients. We evaluated the relationship between duration of hospitalization before MET activation and patient mortality. We compared cases of MET activation for early, intermediate, and late deterioration to patient characteristics, activation characteristics, and patient outcomes. We also aimed to determine the relationship, after adjusting for confounders, between the duration of hospitalization before MET activation and patient mortality.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively evaluated patients who triggered MET activation in general wards from March 2009 to February 2015 at the Asan Medical Center in Seoul. Patients were categorized as those with early deterioration (less than 2 days after admission), intermediate deterioration (2–7 days after admission), and late deterioration (more than 7 days after admission) and compared them to patient characteristics, activation characteristics, and patient outcomes.

Results
Overall, 7114 patients were included. Of these, 1793 (25.2%) showed early deterioration, 2113 (29.7%) showed intermediate deterioration, and 3208 (45.1%) showed late deterioration. Etiologies of MET activation were similar among these groups. The clinical outcomes significantly differed among the groups (intensive care unit transfer: 34.1%, 35.6%, and 40.4%; p < 0.001 and mortality: 26.3%, 31.5%, and 41.2%; p < 0.001 for early, intermediate, and late deterioration, respectively). Compared with early deterioration and adjusted for confounders, the odds ratio of mortality for late deterioration was 1.68 (1.46–1.93).

Conclusions
Nearly 50% of the acute clinically-deteriorating patients who activated the MET had been hospitalized for more than 7 days. Furthermore, they presented with higher rates of mortality and ICU transfer than patients admitted for less than 7 days before MET activation and had mortality as an independent risk factor.
Probabilistic analysis of COVID-19 patients’ individual length of stay in Swiss intensive care units
Authors: Henzi Alexander , Kleger Gian-Reto , Hilty Matthias P. , Wendel Garcia Pedro D. , Ziegel Johanna F. ,   on behalf of RISC-19-ICU Investigators for Switzerland
Published: February 2021

Rationale
The COVID-19 pandemic induces considerable strain on intensive care unit resources.

Objectives
We aim to provide early predictions of individual patients’ intensive care unit length of stay, which might improve resource allocation and patient care during the on-going pandemic.

Methods
We developed a new semiparametric distributional index model depending on covariates which are available within 24h after intensive care unit admission. The model was trained on a large cohort of acute respiratory distress syndrome patients out of the Minimal Dataset of the Swiss Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Then, we predict individual length of stay of patients in the RISC-19-ICU registry.

Measurements
The RISC-19-ICU Investigators for Switzerland collected data of 557 critically ill patients with COVID-19.

Main results
The model gives probabilistically and marginally calibrated predictions which are more informative than the empirical length of stay distribution of the training data. However, marginal calibration was worse after approximately 20 days in the whole cohort and in different subgroups. Long staying COVID-19 patients have shorter length of stay than regular acute respiratory distress syndrome patients. We found differences in LoS with respect to age categories and gender but not in regions of Switzerland with different stress of intensive care unit resources.

Conclusion
A new probabilistic model permits calibrated and informative probabilistic prediction of LoS of individual patients with COVID-19. Long staying patients could be discovered early. The model may be the basis to simulate stochastic models for bed occupation in intensive care units under different casemix scenarios.
Dynamics of Organisational Capability of Japanese Construction Firm towards Open and Service Innovation through PPP/PFI arrangement
Authors: Suehiro Taeko , Miyazaki Kumiko 
Published: February 2021

<p>This study examined the influence of Public–Private Partnership (PPP) — or, more specifically, Private Finance Initiative (PFI) — arrangements in relation to open and service innovation in construction firms in Japan. The expectation of the PPP/PFI procurement arrangement is that Japanese construction firms will provide a broader range of services (service innovation) through expanded cooperation with various other firms (open innovation) compared to the conventional procurement scheme.</p><p>Our in-depth case study of a Japanese construction company shows the dynamics of project-based firms' capability accumulation through a PPP/PFI arrangement. The study identified a model of capability development for construction firms towards service and open innovation. It consists of three organisational capabilities: technological capabilities, project capabilities and collaborative capabilities. The model can be seen as an ideal approach for understanding and comparing cases of long-term capability accumulation of project-based firms, especially regarding providing services that meet the public's needs.</p><p> </p><p>Keywords: Public–Private Partnership (PPP); Private Finance Initiative (PFI); Project Capability, Open innovation; Service innovation; Construction firm</p>
Geoelectrical and geotechnical investigation of foundation failure in and around Oroke high school, Akungba- Akoko, southwestern Nigeria
Authors: O.A Odundun , V.I Fagorite , E.O Rogbitan 
Published: February 2021

Engineering structures are designed and constructed with an air of lifelong expectancy. Moreover, building foundation may experience failure due to presence of concealed geologic features such as cavity and shear zones which can lead to subsurface subsidence. Hence, it is imperative, prior to building construction, to investigate the physical properties of foundation soils and determine its suitability for design and construction of building structures. In the light of this, a geoelectric survey, involving three (3) electrical dipole - dipole array and geotechnical analysis methods were carried out around a distressed building at Oroke High School, opposite Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko to establish the cause of failure for the structures foundation via delineating the subsurface structural features. The field electrical data were plotted on log â€“log graph sheets and the resulting curves were interpreted qualitatively by visual inspection, and quantitatively via partial curve matching and computer iteration techniques. For the geotechnical analysis, a total of twelve (12) soil samples were taken from different locations of about 30 meters intervals, at the depth of 1.5 meters. The pseudo â€“ section and electrical sections indicate that the subsurface is heterogeneous in geological composition. The 2D dipole- dipole resistivity and pseudo â€“ section delineated zones having resistivity values ranging from 200 to 700ohm meter, and those approaching infinity all within a depth of 0-5 m, the resistivity values of 27 to 139ohm meter suggest the presence of clay. The geoelectric section identified three subsurface geologic layers comprising clay /sandy, clay top soil / sub grade soil, clay / sandy clay and sand weathered layer and the basement (fresh) beneath the failed segment. Additionally, prominent fractures were discovered within some areas on the pseudo-sections. The results of the laboratory tests also included those of natural moisture content, specific gravity, grain size distribution curves, Atterberg limit, compaction test and California Bearing Ratio (CBR). In conclusion, electrical resistivity method was found to be an effective measure or tool in the site characterization. The soil/rock in these zones may require reinforcement in order to enhance its bearing capacity and increase the life span of the engineering foundation.Â Â
New reports of Daldinia species from Kolhapur and Raigad Districts (M.S.), India
Authors: Patil Ketaki , Patil Anjali , Patil Mansaram 
Published: February 2021

Genus Daldinia Ces. & De Not. Belongs to family Xylariaceae. Present paper describes ten species of Daldinia viz. D. â€œbakeriâ€ taxon B sensu Dennis, D. concentrica (Bolton) Ces. & De Not., D. cupra Starback, D. dennissii var. microspora Wollw. & M. Stadler, D. Â Â Â pal-mensis M. Stadler, Wollw. &Tichy, D. petriniae Y. M. Ju, J. D.Rogers and F. San Martin, D. raimundi M. Stadler, Venturella &Wollw., D. theissenii Laessoe, J. Fourn. & M. Stadler, D. bakeri Lloyd, D. loculata (Lev.) Sacc. Collected from Kolhapur and Raigad Districts of Maharashtra State, India.
The effect of coconut water and benzyl amino purine (BAP) addition to the growth of pineapple from Sipahutar North Sumatera in vitro condition
Authors: Insani Harifah , Harahap Fauziyah , Setya Diningrat Diky 
Published: February 2021

Background: Pineapple fruit used in this study was obtained from Sipahutar sub-district, North Tapanuli regency, North Sumatra which was a superior commodity fruit. Propagation of the Sipahutar pineapple plant was conducted vegetatively using bud stems and crown shoots, but the amount was limited to be planted in large areas. Therefore, propagation through tissue culture techniques could be used as an alternative solution.Objective: Explants source were taken from plantlets in vitro aged 3 months were grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basic medium with the addition of Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) 1 ppm.Methods: Sipahutar pineapple tissue culture work has been done in YAHDI Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Medan. The study design used a factorial completely randomized design. The first factor is coconut water with concentration of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%, second factor is Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) with concentration 0 ppm, 2 ppm and 4 ppm, so there were 12 combination with 3 repetition.Result: The results showed that the addition of coconut water on MS base medium with IAA of 1 ppm gave a significant effect on the number of leaf yield and shoot height. The provision of BAP on basic MS medium with IAA of 1 ppm gave a significant effect on the number of shoots produced, the number of leaves produced, the length of the leaves, the width ofleaves and the length of shoots. The interaction of coconut water and BAP addition on MS base medium with IAA of 1 ppm gave significant effect on leaf length, leaf width and shoot length as well.Conclusions: MS + IAA basic media combined with coconut water + BAP could stimulate the growth of Sipahutar pineapple in vitro.Â Â
A state of the art fuzzy based healthcare risk management for health information exchange
Authors: Rao Thangeda Amarendar , Coleman Alfred 
Published: February 2021

The Today health-care organizations and physicians use several processes and instruments to exchange data about the private health of patients electronically. The main aims of the different methods of information (HIE) exchange on health are to reduce healthcare costs, to minimize medical errors and to better coordinate health services. Risks of information assets have a complex nature and different approaches address risk management of information security in medial field. The objective of this paper is to create the state-of - the-art information security risk management. In order to accomplish this, a Fuzzy based Healthcare Risk Management is suggested. This research aimed at exploring the core importance of the Fuzzy based Healthcare Risk Management (FHRM) from the views of health care consumers in the health sector. The result shows that the views of patients on multiple mechanisms for exchanging data about patient privacy, trust in competence and integrity and readiness to share data are significantly different.Â Â Â
Multimodal movement planning: logistics network and analysis of transportation alternatives. study case
Authors: Figueroa Miguel , Mora Lerma Otto , Fuentes Ricardo , Ojeda Alfredo 
Published: February 2021

One of the most relevant problems in transport engineering is the planning of multimodal movements where it is necessary to define the logistics network. To analyze the logistics of a foreign trade operator in Colombia, a mathematical model has been designed for the choice of ports, considering multimodal transport and the state of the art. Initially, a multimodal network was built considering modes of maritime, river, rail and road transport, taking advantage of the main river of Colombia (Magdalena river) and the railway infrastructure. Port operating costs, transshipment, port fees, sea freight, operational and variable costs were included in the analysis. It was found that the most suitable ports in Colombia for export are Cartagena and Buenaventura, with the current infrastructure and demand. It has been found that multimodal arcs are more used than those with a single mode, in addition to exports to Ecuador being made by Buenaventura, while to America and Europe is Cartagena. Additionally, there is sensitivity in the choice of ports concerning the level of prices of road transport since in the Colombian context it is vital to change transfers due to the lack of connectivity between modes such as rail and river.Â Â Â
Introduction to random division multiple access (RDMA) applicable for mobile satellite communications
Authors: Stojce Ilcev Dimov 
Published: February 2021

This paper describes in particular Random Division Multiple Access (RDMA) applicable in Mobile Satellite Communications (MSC). In satellite communication systems, as a rule, especially in Mobile Satellite Communications (MSC) many users are active at the same time. The problem of simultaneous communications between many single or multipoint mobile satellite users, however, can be solved by using Multiple Access (MA) technique. Since the resources of the systems such as the transmitting power and the bandwidth are limited, it is advisable to use the channels with complete charge and to create a different MA to the channel. This generates a problem of summation and separation of signals in the transmission and reception parts, respectively. Deciding this problem consists in the development of orthogonal channels of transmission in order to divide signals from various users unambiguously on the reception part.Â Â Â
A clustering algorithm for solving the vehicle routing assignment problem in polynomial time
Authors: W. Rizkallah L. , F. Ahmed M. , M. Darwish N. 
Published: February 2021

The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) consists of a group of customers that needs to be served. Each customer has a certain demand of goods. A central depot having a fleet of vehicles is responsible for supplying the customers with their demands. The problem is composed of two sub-problems: The first sub-problem is an assignment problem where both the vehicles that will be used as well as the customers assigned to each vehicle are determined. The second sub-problem is the routing problem in which for each vehicle having a number of cus-tomers assigned to it, the order of visits of the customers is determined. Optimal number of vehicles as well as optimal total distance should be achieved. In this paper, an approach for solving the first sub-problem, the assignment problem, is presented. In the approach, a clustering algorithm is proposed for finding the optimal number of vehicles by grouping the customers into clusters where each cluster is visited by one vehicle. This work presents a polynomial time clustering algorithm for finding the optimal number of clusters. Also, a solution to the assignment problem is provided. The proposed approach was evaluated using Solomonâ€™s C1 benchmarks where it reached optimal number of clusters for all the benchmarks in this category. The proposed approach succeeds in solving the assignment problem in VRP achieving a solving time that surpasses the state-of-the-art approaches provided in the literature. It also provides a means of working with varying num-ber of customers without major increase in solving time.Â Â
Need for a digital preservation model based on the administration of digital objects and organizational infrastructure
Authors: Molina-Granja Fernando , NarvÃ¡ez Estela , BuÃ±ay Pamela , LÃ³pez Ramos Milton , Reina Diego 
Published: February 2021

Public entities or institutions that have the responsibility of keeping long-term data, base their processes on digital preservation, involving the application of information technology and activities in the field of information sciences. The digital preservation has historical implications, it has a direct effect on the cultural heritage, because, without information (digital or not) that is guarded, there is no inheritance or culture, but without technology that allows the preservation or recovery of such information, neither would it be, Thus, the research question is posed as: What technical and legal characteristics are necessary to have an adaptive digital preservation model based on aspects of digital object management and organizational infrastructure, to ensure accessibility of information in the long term in public institutions of Ecuador ?, determining through an evaluation of NESTOR trust repositories and Ecuadorian legislation, that it is necessary to create an adaptive digital Preservation model.Â Â Â