bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating JNK pathway‐associated phosphatase: A novel biomarker correlates with Th17 cells, acute exacerbation risk, and severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
Authors: Gao Wei , Gao Lianjun , Yang Feng , Li Zongjun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundJNK pathway‐associated phosphatase (JKAP) involves in the regulation of inflammation, immunity, and lung injury. The current study aimed to investigate correlation of JKAP with Th1, Th17 cells, acute exacerbation risk, and disease severity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients.MethodsTotally, 45 stable COPD (SCOPD) patients, 45 acute exacerbation COPD (AECOPD) patients, and 45 controls were enrolled. Serum was collected for JKAP, interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) (Th1 cytokine), and interleukin 17 (IL‐17) (Th17 cytokine) detection. Besides, peripheral blood mononuclear cell from COPD patients was collected for evaluating Th1 and Th17 cells.ResultsJKAP was highest in controls followed by SCOPD patients and lowest in AECOPD patients (median: 105.673 vs. 75.374 vs. 41.807 pg/ml, p < 0.001). Meanwhile, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves revealed that JKAP differentiated the AECOPD patients from the controls (area under curve (AUC): 0.910 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.849–0.970)) and AECOPD patients from SCOPD patients (AUC: 0.726 (95% CI: 0.622–0.830)). Moreover, JKAP positively correlated with FEV1 (%predicted) in AECOPD patients (r = 0.347 p = 0.019). Additionally, JKAP was negatively correlated with the GOLD stage in AECOPD patients (r = −0.344, p = 0.021) and SCOPD patients (r = −0.357, p = 0.016). Whereas, JKAP was not associated with other clinical features (all p > 0.05). Besides, JKAP was negatively linked with Th17 cells (r = −0.378, p = 0.010), IFN‐γ (r = −0.358, p = 0.016), IL‐17 (r = −0.414, p = 0.005) in AECOPD patients and Th17 cells (r = −0.342, p = 0.022), IL‐17 (r = −0.299, p = 0.046) in SCOPD patients.ConclusionDownregulated JKAP correlates with Th17 cells, higher acute exacerbation risk, and severity in COPD patients, indicating its underlying potency as a biomarker for COPD.
Acute and early developmental outcomes of children with Duarte galactosemia
Authors: Fridovich‐Keil Judith L. , Carlock Grace , Patel Sneh , Potter Nancy L. , Coles Claire D. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA recent study demonstrated that children with Duarte galactosemia (DG) do not show increased prevalence of detectable developmental complications when 6–12 years old. However, that study left unanswered whether infants with DG might be at increased risk for acute problems when drinking milk or whether children with DG younger than 6 years might show increased prevalence of perhaps transient developmental challenges. Here, we have addressed both of these questions by analyzing parent/guardian‐reported data collected retrospectively for 350 children, 206 with DG and 144 unaffected siblings from the same families. The variables analyzed included whether each child had experienced (1) acute complications in infancy, (2) early intervention services when <3 years old, and/or (3) special educational services when 3–5 years old. For each case–control comparison, or case‐by‐diet comparison, we used logistic regression that included the following potential covariates: age, sex, race, family income, and parent education, as appropriate. We found that none of the three outcome variables tested showed significant differences between cases and controls, or among cases as a function of galactose exposure in infancy. To the limits of our study, we therefore conclude that regardless of whether a child with DG drinks milk or low‐galactose formula as an infant, they are not at increased risk for acute complications or early childhood developmental challenges that require intervention.
Lipidomics analysis unravels changes from flavor precursors in different processing treatments of purple‐leaf tea
Authors: Chen Xuejin , Wang Pengjie , Wei Mingxiu , Lin Xinying , Gu Mengya , Fang Wanping , Zheng Yucheng , Zhao Feng , Jin Shan , Ye Naixing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDLipids are one of the most important bioactive compounds, affecting the character and quality of tea. However, the contribution of lipids to tea productions is still elusive. Here, we systematically identified the lipid profiles of green, oolong, and black teas in purple‐leaf tea (Jinmingzao, JMZ) and green‐leaf tea (Huangdan, HD), respectively.RESULTSThe lipids analysis showed regular accumulation in tea products with different manufacturing processes, among which the fatty acids, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, and sphingolipids contribute to the quality characteristics of tea products, including typical fatty acyl (FA), monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), digalactosyldiacylglycerols (DGDG), and phosphatidylcholine (PC). Compared tea materials with products, levels of fatty acids were up‐regulated, while glycerolipids and glycerophospholipids were down‐regulated in tea products. FA 18:3, FA 16:0, MGDG 36:6, DGDG 36:6, PC 34:3, and PC 36:6 were the negative contributors to green tea flavor formation of purple‐leaf tea. The pathway analysis of significant lipids in materials and products of purple‐leaf tea were enriched linolenic acid metabolism pathway and glycerolipid metabolism.CONCLUSIONThis study provides insights into the lipid metabolism profiles of different tea leaf colors, and found that fatty acids are essential precursors of black tea flavor formation. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Mismatch repair system deficiency is associated with chemoradiotherapy resistance in locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma patients
Authors: Ni Kemin , Zhan Yixiang , Liu Zhaoce , Zhao Xuan‐zhu , Wang Wanting , Wang Guihua , Zhang Zili , Li Guoxun , Zhang Xipeng , Zhang Chunze 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPrevious studies have concluded that colorectal cancer patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) usually have a good prognosis. However, some studies have suggested that the prognosis of rectal cancer patients with dMMR appears to be worse. Our aim was to investigate chemoradiotherapy resistance in dMMR rectal tumors.MethodsA retrospective study of 217 patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma treated with chemoradiotherapy and total mesorectal excision surgery was conducted using immunohistochemistry to determine MMR status and propensity score matching models to reduce potential confounders. Kaplan–Meier analysis, log‐rank test, and Cox regression models were used to assess overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) in patient subgroups.ResultsThe 3‐year DFS rates were 77.1% and 56.7% in the pMMR and dMMR groups, respectively. The pMMR group had significantly better DFS than the dMMR group (hazard ratio [HR], 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–3.91; p = 0.019). However, there was no significant difference in OS between the two groups (45.7 [interquartile range, IQR], 39.3–72.1] vs. 47.5 [IQR, 29.5–72.1]) (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 0.70–2.77; p = 0.35). Neither OS nor DFS was significantly different between the neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and postoperative chemoradiotherapy groups.ConclusionLocally advanced dMMR rectal adenocarcinoma exhibits greater chemoradiotherapy resistance than pMMR.
Proof of concept for the sapphire scalpel combining tissue dissection and optical diagnosis
Authors: Dolganova Irina N. , Varvina Daria A. , Shikunova Irina A. , Alekseeva Anna I. , Karalkin Pavel A. , Kuznetsov Maxim R. , Nikitin Pavel V. , Zotov Arsen K. , Mukhina Elena E. , Katyba Gleb M. , Zaytsev Kirill I. , Tuchin Valery V. , Kurlov Vladimir N. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe development of compact diagnostic probes and instruments with an ability to direct access to organs and tissues and integration of these instruments into surgical workflows is an important task of modern physics and medicine. The need for such tools is essential for surgical oncology, where intraoperative visualization and demarcation of tumor margins define further prognosis and survival of patients. In this paper, the possible solution for this intraoperative imaging problem is proposed and its feasibility to detect tumorous tissue is studied experimentally.MethodsFor this aim, the sapphire scalpel was developed and fabricated using the edge‐defined film‐fed growth technique aided by mechanical grinding, polishing, and chemical sharpening of the cutting edge. It possesses optical transparency, mechanical strength, chemical inertness, and thermal resistance alongside the presence of the as‐grown hollow capillary channels in its volume for accommodating optical fibers. The rounding of the cutting edge exceeds the same for metal scalpels and can be as small as 110 nm. Thanks to these features, sapphire scalpel combines tissue dissection with light delivering and optical diagnosis. The feasibility for the tumor margin detection was studied, including both gelatin‐based tissue phantoms and ex vivo freshly excised specimens of the basal cell carcinoma from humans and the glioma model 101.8 from rats. These tumors are commonly diagnosed either non‐invasively or intraoperatively using different modalities of fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging, which makes them ideal candidates for our feasibility test. For this purpose, fiber‐based spectroscopic measurements of the backscattered laser radiation and the fluorescence signals were carried out in the visible range.ResultsExperimental studies show the feasibility of the proposed sapphire scalpel to provide a 2‐mm‐resolution of the tumor margins' detection, along with an ability to distinguish the tumor invasion region, which results from analysis of the backscattered optical fields and the endogenous or exogenous fluorescence data.ConclusionsOur findings justified a strong potential of the sapphire scalpel for surgical oncology. However, further research and engineering efforts are required to optimize the sapphire scalpel geometry and the optical diagnosis protocols to meet the requirements of oncosurgery, including diagnosis and resection of neoplasms with different localizations and nosologies.
Plants as a realized niche for Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Truong Hoai‐Nam , Garmyn Dominique , Gal Laurent , Fournier Carine , Sevellec Yann , Jeandroz Sylvain , Piveteau Pascal 
Published: December 2021

AbstractListeria monocytogenes is a human pathogen. It is the causative agent of listeriosis, the leading cause of bacterial‐linked foodborne mortality in Europe and elsewhere. Outbreaks of listeriosis have been associated with the consumption of fresh produce including vegetables and fruits. In this review we summarize current data providing direct or indirect evidence that plants can serve as habitat for L. monocytogenes, enabling this human pathogen to survive and grow. The current knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the interaction of this bacterium with plants is addressed, and whether this foodborne pathogen elicits an immune response in plants is discussed.
Role of resilience in healthcare workers’ distress and somatization during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A cross‐sectional study across Flanders, Belgium
Authors: Franck Erik , Goossens Eva , Haegdorens Filip , Geuens Nina , Portzky Michael , Tytens Tinneke , Dilles Tinne , Beeckman Katrien , Timmermans Olaf , Slootmans Stijn , Van Rompaey Bart , Van Bogaert Peter 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate the impact and the possible role of psychological resilience in the COVID‐19 pandemic outbreak on healthcare workers’ mental and physical well‐being in Belgium.DesignThis cross‐sectional, survey‐based study enrolled 1376 healthcare workers across Belgium from 17 April 2020 to 24 April 2020.MethodsThe study sample consisted of direct care workers (nurses and doctors), supporting staff and management staff members. The main outcomes are resilience, distress and somatization.ResultsHigher educational level was associated with lower symptoms of distress and somatization. Physicians exhibited the lowest risk of experiencing heightened levels of distress and somatization. Controlling for confounding factors, higher levels of resilience were associated with a 12% reduced chance of increased distress levels and 5% lower chance of increased somatization levels. Our results suggest the potentially buffering role of mental resilience on those working on the frontline during the COVID‐19 pandemic outbreak.
Novel aspects derived from the influence of dispersion properties of poly(4‐vinylpyridine)/aluminum nitride nanocomposite encapsulants on light‐extraction efficiency of light emitting diodes
Authors: Barzic Andreea Irina 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNew nanocomposites based on poly(4‐vinylpyridine) (P4VPy) containing 0%–5% aluminum nitride (AlN) are characterized to check their suitability as encapsulants for light emitting diodes with better light extraction efficiency (LEE). Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images indicate a good dispersion of the nanofillers inside the P4VPy. Spectroscopy data reveal that up to 1% filler, the transparency is preserved, being 78.2% at 450 nm for the sample filled with 1% AlN. Introduction of polar nanoceramics in the matrix determines an increase in the refractive index from 1.618 (0%AlN) to 1.650 (5%AlN) at 486 nm. All samples display normal dispersion curves in visible range. The linear and nonlinear optical parameters are enhanced upon reinforcement with AlN nanoparticles. New insights on LEE are extracted by analyzing the implications of dispersion of the samples at semiconductor and air interfaces, respectively. Implementation of the composite samples in a GaN‐based light emitting diodes determines enlargement of the critical angle and light escape cone. By making a comparison of the device in the presence and absence of P4VPy/AlN 1% encapsulant, the LEE at 486 nm at GaN interface improves by 58.4%, while at air interface LEE is increased up to 21.4%.
A semi‐analytical framework for time history response of a carbon nanotube‐reinforced polymer damped composite plate: Influence of instability regions
Authors: Singh Vishal , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe influence of dynamic instability regions (DIRs) (stable and unstable) on the time history response of a randomly distributed carbon nanotube‐reinforced polymer composite (RD‐CNTRPC) plate under partial edge (nonuniform) in‐plane loading is presented semi‐analytically in this study. Kinematics of the RD‐CNTRPC plate is expressed based on higher‐order shear deformation theory (HSDT) and includes von‐Kármán nonlinearity. The effective isotropic mechanical properties of the RD‐CNTRPC plate (CNT mixed with epoxy) are executed using the Eshelby‐Mori‐Tanaka technique. The prebuckling stresses generated within the plate due to the partial‐edge in‐plane loading is computed using Airy's stress approach. The computed pre‐buckling stresses are used while applying Hamilton's principle to develop the governing nonlinear partial differential equation (PDEs). The PDEs are solved via. Galerkin's method to convert into the nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). These ODEs are solved using Newmark's method to trace the time history responses of the RD‐CNTRPC plate. The boundaries of DIRs are estimated using Bolotin's method. The effect of frequencies corresponding to upper, lower, and unstable regions of DIRs on the time history response and phase plot of the RD‐CNTRPC plate with and without damping are examined in detail.
Pregnancy outcomes of fetuses with congenital heart disease after a prenatal diagnosis with chromosome microarray
Authors: Zhang Zhu , Hu Ting , Wang Jiamin , Hu Rui , Li Qinqin , Xiao Like , Liao Na , Liu Zhushu , Wang He , Liu Shanling 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the pregnancy outcomes of fetuses with congenital heart disease (CHD) after chromosome microarray (CMA)‐based prenatal diagnosis.MethodAmniocentesis was performed in 1035 pregnant women carrying fetuses with CHD between September 2014 and December 2019. Chromosomal aberrations in fetuses with CHD were evaluated using CMA. The pregnancy outcomes were followed up from 6 months to 5 years.ResultsThe overall CHD detection rate by CMA was 10.1% (105/1035; 50 fetuses: aneuploidy, 55 fetuses: pathogenic or likely pathogenic copy number variations). Among 1003 fetuses who were followed up, 4, 236, 763, and 18 cases were of miscarriages, pregnancy termination, live births, and postnatal deaths, respectively. Self‐healed CHD was observed in 401 (52.6%) fetuses. The pregnancy termination rate of fetuses with chromosomal anomalies was significantly higher than that of fetuses without chromosomal anomalies (93.1% vs. 15.5%, p < 0.001). However, other pregnancy outcomes, including mortality, preterm labor, and low‐weight birth rate, were similar between the two groups.ConclusionThe outcome of CMA is an important factor influencing parents' choice of whether to continue the pregnancy. Self‐healing rate of prenatal diagnosed CHD is high. The mortality and morbidity of fetuses with CHD following prenatal CMA testing are relatively low.
In‐situ preparation and electrochromic properties of TiO2/PTPA‐HTAN core‐shell nanocomposite film
Authors: Ouyang Mi , Dai Dacheng , Hu Xuming , Li Yuwen , Chen Zhangxin , Tao Bowen , Zhang Lina , Li Weijun , Dong Yujie , Bai Ru , Lv Xiaojing , Zhang Cheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA new star‐shaped structure conjugated microporous polymers, poly (2,8,14‐tri[4‐diphenyl‐benzene]‐hexaazatrinaphthylene) (PTPA‐HATN), was designed and in‐situ electrochemically polymerized on the surfaces of FTO electrodes with a directional alignment TiO2 nanorod array to obtain TiO2/PTPA‐HATN core‐shell nanocomposite films. Compared with the PTPA‐HATN film, the TiO2/PTPA‐HATN composite film exhibits higher optical contrast and faster response time, with contrast of 57% at 783 nm, coloring time of 3.62 s and discoloring time of 2.55 s (43%, 4.63 s and 4.77 s for PTPA‐HATN film, respectively). After 400 cycles, the contrast of nanocomposite film decreased by 28%, while the PTPA‐HATN film basically lost its electrochromic properties. A simple three‐layer EC prototype device based on TiO2/PTPA‐HATN nanocomposite film constructed with hydrogel electrolyte clearly shows color changes at different voltages. On the one hand, the formation of core‐shell porous nanostructure of TiO2/PTPA‐HATN composite film provides a larger ion doping/de‐doping interface, shortening the average diffusion length of ions. On the other hand, the large indented polymer‐nanorods contact interface makes it difficult for the polymer to detach from the electrode, thus significantly improving the cyclic stability of the composite film.
Separation of Artifacts from Spin‐Torque Ferromagnetic Resonance Measurements of Spin‐Orbit Torque for the Low‐Symmetry Van der Waals Semi‐Metal ZrTe3
Authors: Cham Thow Min , Karimeddiny Saba , Gupta Vishakha , Mittelstaedt Joseph A. , Ralph Daniel C. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSpin‐orbit torques generated by exfoliated layers of the low‐symmetry semi‐metal ZrTe3 are measured using the spin‐torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST‐FMR) technique. When the ZrTe3 has a thickness greater than about 10 nm, artifacts due to spin pumping and/or resonant heating can cause the standard ST‐FMR analysis to overestimate the true magnitude of the torque efficiency by as much as a factor of 30, and to indicate incorrectly that the spin‐orbit torque depends strongly on the ZrTe3 layer thickness. Artifact‐free measurements can still be achieved over a substantial thickness range by the method developed recently to detect ST‐FMR signals in the Hall geometry as well as the longitudinal geometry. ZrTe3/Permalloy samples generate a conventional in‐plane anti‐damping spin torque efficiency = 0.014 ± 0.004, and an unconventional in‐plane field‐like torque efficiency = 0.003 ± 0.001. The out‐of‐plane anti‐damping torque is negligible. It is suggested that artifacts similarly interfere with the standard ST‐FMR analysis for other van der Waals samples thicker than about 10 nm.
Stabilization of random nonlinear systems subject to deception attacks
Authors: Feng Likang , Zhang Weihai , Wu Zhaojing 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this article, the stabilization problem of a class of random networked control nonlinear systems suffering from deception attacks is considered. First, an appropriate attack model described by the random impulsive nonlinear system is developed, and the discrete dynamics have multiple random impulsive intensity, whose type is determined by a Markov chain. Second, the criteria of noise‐to‐state exponential stability in the mth moment are given for the general random impulsive nonlinear systems based on the (mode‐dependent) average impulsive interval. Third, a state‐feedback controller is designed to stabilize the random networked control nonlinear system under deception attacks on the basis of LMIs method. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed theoretical results is verified by the application to the stabilization problem of the network unmanned ground vehicle systems subject to deception attacks and the effectiveness is verified by the simulation results.
A Photoorganizable Triple Shape Memory Polymer for Deployable Devices
Authors: Sun Jiahao , Peng Bo , Lu Yao , Zhang Xiao , Wei Jia , Zhu Chongyu , Yu Yanlei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInspired by the action and healing process from living organisms, developing deployable devices using stimuli‐responsive materials, or “smart” deployable devices, is desired to realize remote‐controlled programmable deformation with additional in situ repair to perform multiple tasks while extending their service life in aerospace. In this work, a photoorganizable triple shape memory polymer (POTSMP) is reported, which is composed of an azobenzene‐containing thermoplastic polyurethane. Upon UV and visible illumination, this POTSMP performs arbitrary programming of two temporary shapes and precise and stepwise shape recovery, exhibiting various temporary shapes adapted to different aerospace applications. On the other hand, rapid light‐reconfiguration in seconds, including light‐reshaping and light‐welding, is achieved in response to UV irradiation, allowing in situ localized process and repair of permanent shape. Combining these photoorganizable operations, deformable devices with complex 2D/3D structures are facilely manufactured with no need of special molds. It is envisioned that this POTSMP can expand the potential of photoresponsive TSMPs in smart deployable devices.