bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcatheter aortic valve thrombosis: Data from a French multicenter cohort analysis
Authors: Mouyen Thomas , Manigold Thibaut , Collet Jean‐Philippe , Durand Eric , Barbey Christophe , Lhermusier Thibault , Tchetche Didier , Chollet Thomas , Mulliez Aurélien , Motreff Pascal , Combaret Nicolas , Souteyrand Géraud 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of anticoagulant therapies in patients with clinical transcatheter heart valve (THV) thrombosis, to describe complications, and to assess their risk profile was the objectives.BackgroundLittle research has been conducted on clinical THV thrombosis.MethodsPatients with clinical THV thrombosis were identified based on greater than 50% increased transvalvular gradient on transthoracic echocardiogram confirmed by 4‐dimensional computed tomography, transesophageal echocardiogram, or regression with anticoagulant therapy. A cohort free from thrombosis for more than 1,100 days postprocedure was used for comparison.ResultsFifty‐four patients with clinical THV thrombosis were identified. Most subjects (98.1%) received anticoagulant therapy which was effective (≥50% reduction in transvalvular gradient or return to postprocedure value) in 96%. The rate of serious hemodynamic or embolic complications in the thrombosis population was 31.5%. A multivariate analysis of subjects with and without thrombosis indicated a significantly increased risk of thrombosis from preexisting thrombocytopenia (odds ratio [OR] 9.96), absence of predilatation (OR = 5.67), renal insufficiency (OR = 4.84), and >10 mmHg mean transvalvular gradient postprocedure (OR = 3.36). No recurrence of thrombosis was identified during on average 685 days follow‐up.ConclusionsThese data, from one of the largest cohorts with clinical THV thrombosis confirm anticoagulants appear effective. The rate of serious associated complications was high. The findings underline the importance of recognizing risk factors for thrombosis.
Cooperative Effects in Multimetallic Complexes Applied in Catalysis
Authors: Maity Ramananda , Birenheide Bernhard S. , Breher Frank , Sarkar Biprajit 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe field of multimetallic catalysis is rapidly developing and some multimetallic complexes catalyze organic transformations to yield the desired products in more efficient ways owing to the combined action of different metals in a cooperative fashion. This Concept article describes the recent advances of cooperative catalysis playing in multimetallic systems such as homo‐multimetallic complexes with short metal‐metal distances, homo‐multimetallic complexes with long metal‐metal distances, hetero‐multimetallic complexes and metallocene‐based multimetallic complexes with special attention towards redox‐switchable catalysis. Examples are illustrated in which the use of multimetallic complexes show clear enhancement of catalytic outcomes when compared with the sum of their corresponding mononuclear counterparts. Furthermore, several examples are discussed showing the effects of electronic communication in cooperative systems.
De Novo Design of Selective Quadruplex–Duplex Junction Ligands and Structural Characterisation of Their Binding Mode: Targeting the G4 Hot‐Spot
Authors: Díaz‐Casado Laura , Serrano‐Chacón Israel , Montalvillo‐Jiménez Laura , Corzana Francisco , Bastida Agatha , Santana Andrés G. , González Carlos , Asensio Juan Luis 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Andrés G. Santana, Carlos González, Juan Luis Asensio and co‐workers at Instituto de Química Orgánica General, Instituto de Química‐Física Rocasolano and Universidad de La Rioja. The image depicts drug selectivity using a metaphor of an arrow hitting a target. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202005026.
Thermally Responsive Poly(ethylene oxide)‐Based Polyrotaxanes Bearing Hydrogen‐Bonding Pillar[5]arene Rings
Authors: Kato Kenichi , Onishi Katsuto , Maeda Koki , Yagyu Masafumi , Fa Shixin , Ichikawa Takahiro , Mizuno Motohiro , Kakuta Takahiro , Yamagishi Tada‐aki , Ogoshi Tomoki 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Tomoki Ogoshi and co‐workers at Kyoto University, Kanazawa University and Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology. The image depicts musical notation to represent hydrogen bond networks and poly(ethylene oxide) chains. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202005099.
From Catalytic Test Reaction to Modern Chemical Descriptors in Zeolite Catalysis Research
Authors: Prodinger Sebastian , Beato Pablo , Svelle Stian 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFor the successful implementation of catalysts in industrial processes, three overall goals are optimized: activity, selectivity, and stability. This review will address the role of chemical descriptors in aiding and guiding the development of optimal zeolite catalyst designs with the above performance criteria in mind. It will focus on both gas‐phase and liquid‐phase catalysis with a special focus on methanol to hydrocarbon, and biomass valorization reactions. By way of preface, the research on constraint and spaciousness indices is discussed. These indices can be considered the original chemical descriptors of catalysis research.
Determining the Diffusion Coefficient of Lithium Insertion Cathodes from GITT measurements: Theoretical Analysis for low Temperatures**
Authors: Schied Thomas , Nickol Alexander , Heubner Christian , Schneider Michael , Michaelis Alexander , Bobeth Manfred , Cuniberti Gianaurelio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAccurate knowledge of transport properties of Li‐insertion materials in application‐relevant temperature ranges is of crucial importance for the targeted optimization of Li‐ion batteries (LIBs). Galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) is a widely applied method to determine Li‐ion diffusion coefficients of electrode materials. The well‐known calculation formulas based on Weppner's and Huggins’ approach, imply a square‐root time dependence of the potential during a GITT pulse. Charging the electrochemical double layer capacitance at the beginning of a GITT pulse usually takes less than one second. However, at lower temperatures down to −40 °C, the double layer charging time strongly increases due to an increase of the charge transfer resistance. The charging time can become comparable with the pulse duration, impeding the conventional GITT diffusion analysis. We propose a model to describe the potential change during a galvanostatic current pulse, which includes an initial, relatively long‐lasting double layer charging, and analyze the accuracy of the lithium diffusion coefficient, derived by using the Weppner‐Huggins method within a suitably chosen time interval of the pulse. Effects leading to an inaccurate determination of the diffusion coefficient are discussed and suggestions to improve GITT analyses at low temperature are derived.
Defining Clinically Relevant Target Populations Using Real‐World Data to Guide the Design of Representative Antidiabetic Drug Trials
Authors: Pradhan Richeek , Abrahami Devin , Yin Hui , Yu Oriana H.Y. , Sahasrabudhe Vaishali , Baumfeld Andre Elodie , Azoulay Laurent 
Published: February 2021

The US Food and Drug Administration is considering replacing cardiovascular outcome trials of antidiabetic drugs with trials that better represent patients with type 2 diabetes. However, designing such representative trials requires understanding the underlying target populations (i.e., populations intended to receive the drug in the real‐world setting). Thus, we used the Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results (LEADER) trial as a motivating example to illustrate how different target populations impact trial representativeness. Using the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink, we identified three target populations: (i) all patients with type 2 diabetes; (ii) patients prescribed liraglutide; and (iii) patients who would have been eligible to receive liraglutide based on treatment stage (i.e., patients with poorly controlled diabetes eligible to receive a second‐to‐fifth line antidiabetic drug). We then examined the representativeness of the LEADER trial by applying its eligibility criteria to each target population. The target populations of patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 279,763), those prescribed liraglutide (n = 14,421), and those eligible to receive liraglutide based on the treatment stage (n = 85,610) differed substantially in terms of hemoglobin A1c, body mass index, prevalence of heart failure, and chronic kidney disease. Applying the LEADER trial eligibility criteria to these target populations resulted in the inclusion of 19.1%, 20.7%, and 34.8% patients, respectively. This study highlights how real‐world data can be used to define different target populations. Explicitly defining these target populations can help in the design of future trials of antidiabetic drugs.
Building a reference transcriptome for the hexaploid hard fescue turfgrass (Festuca brevipila) using a combination of PacBio Isoseq and Illumina sequencing
Authors: Qiu Yinjie , Yang Ya , Hirsch Cory D. , Watkins Eric 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHard fescue (Festuca brevipila Tracey; 2n = 6x = 42) is a cool season turfgrass with a fine leaf texture that performs well under low‐input management. Breeding and genetics studies of F. brevipila have been limited due to the complexity of its hexaploid genome. To advance our knowledge of F. brevipila genomics, we used PacBio isoform sequencing to develop a reference transcriptome for this species. Here we report the F. brevipila reference transcriptome generated from root, crown, leaf, and inflorescence tissues. We obtained 59,510 full‐length transcripts, of which 38,556 were nonredundant full‐length transcripts. The longest and shortest transcripts were 11,487 and 58 bp, respectively. Distribution of synonymous distances among paralogs within F. brevipila suggested highly similar subgenomes that are difficult to distinguish from sequencing errors. To evaluate the phylogenetic relationships among F. brevipila and close relatives, we sequenced three additional transcriptomes using closely related species on an Illumina platform. The results of our phylotranscriptomic analysis supported the close relationships among F. brevipila (6x), Festuca ovina (4x), Festuca ovina subsp. ovina (2x), and Festuca valesiaca (2x), with high levels of discordance among gene trees. Overall, the F. brevipila PacBio Isoseq reference transcriptome provides the foundation for transcriptome studies and offers breeders a resource for gene discovery in this important turfgrass species.
Optical sorter–augmented genomic selection lowers deoxynivalenol accumulation in wheat
Authors: Carmack W. Jesse , Clark Anthony J. , Lyerly H. Jeanette , Dong Yanhong , Brown‐Guedira Gina , Van Sanford David Anthony 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPrevious results from our laboratory have shown that optical sorter–based indirect selection reduced deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation in soft red winter wheat (SRWW). In this paper we evaluate the efficacy of optical sorter–augmented genomic selection (OSA‐GS) for lowering DON accumulation at three selection intensities across 2 yr. In total, 758 SRWW breeding lines were genotyped and then phenotyped in an inoculated Fusarium head blight (FHB) nursery. Accumulation of DON was measured on all breeding lines. The proportion of Fusarium‐damaged kernels estimated using an optical sorter (FDKos) was measured on 120 lines; these data were used to train a genomic prediction model. Genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) for FDKos were computed for all lines without actual FDKos data. The top 20, 30, and 40% of lines without actual FDKos data were selected based on FDKos GEBVs. The same was done using actual measured DON values. Both strategies lowered DON, but traditional direct phenotypic selection based on actual DON values outperformed OSA‐GS. In other words, phenotypic selection was necessary to achieve the greatest reductions in DON. However, using previously published cost estimates for the price of an optical sorter, DON analysis, and genotyping, we determined that OSA‐GS required less financial investment than phenotypic selection based on measured DON. Taken together, our findings indicate that OSA‐GS is a cost‐effective method for lowering DON accumulation and support the usefulness of an optical sorter as a tool for FHB resistance breeding in SRWW.
Power‐efficient voltage up level shifter with low power–delay product
Authors: Baba Fayaz D , Sreehari Rao Patri 
Published: February 2021

SummaryIn this article, a power‐efficient hybrid voltage up level shifter (LS) is designed. By using a combination of a current mirror (CM) and a cross‐coupled pMOS pair in a pull‐up circuitry, the dynamic power is reduced significantly even at boosted switching speed. The designed LS circuit, which occupies a small silicon area, consists of 10 transistors and is mainly suitable for ultra‐low‐power applications, such as wireless sensor nodes and biomedical appliances. Moreover, it can convert extreme low‐level input voltages to the high supply voltage levels. The results obtained from post‐layout simulations in a standard 180‐nm CMOS process illustrate that the designed LS circuit has total power consumption, static power dissipation, and propagation delay of 33.93 nW, 253 pW, and 9.09 ns, respectively, at 1 MHz with a minimum supply voltage (VDDL) of 0.4 V and nominal supply voltage (VDDH) of 1.8 V. Also, the designed LS can convert an input voltage of 0.12–1.8 V at 10 kHz.
Maternal experiences of childhood maltreatment moderate patterns of mother–infant cortisol regulation under stress
Authors: Khoury Jennifer E. , Beeney Joseph , Shiff Ilana , Bosquet Enlow Michelle , Lyons‐Ruth Karlen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe relation between maternal and infant cortisol responses has been a subject of intense research over the past decade. Relatedly, it has been hypothesized that maternal history of childhood maltreatment (MCM) impacts stress regulation across generations. The current study employed four statistical approaches to determine how MCM influences the cortisol responses of 150 mothers and their 4‐month‐old infants during the Still‐Face Paradigm. Results indicated that MCM moderated cortisol patterns in several ways. First, lower MCM mothers and infants had strong positive associations between cortisol levels measured at the same time point, whereas higher MCM mothers and infants did not show an association. Second, infants of higher MCM mothers had cortisol levels that were moderately high and remained elevated over the procedure, whereas infants of lower MCM mothers had decreasing cortisol levels over time. Third, higher MCM mothers and infants showed increasingly divergent cortisol levels over time, compared to lower MCM dyads. Finally, patterns of cross‐lagged influence of infant cortisol on subsequent maternal cortisol were moderated by MCM, such that lower MCM mothers were influenced by their infants' cortisol levels at earlier time points than higher MCM mothers. These findings highlight MCM as one contributor to processes of stress regulation in the mother–infant dyad.
Adrenocortical interdependence in father‐infant and mother‐infant dyads: Attunement or something more?
Authors: Bader Lauren R. , Tan Lin , Gonzalez Richard , Saini Ekjyot K. , Bae Yeonjee , Provenzi Livio , Volling Brenda L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFather‐infant and mother‐infant (one‐year‐olds) adrenocortical attunement was explored during the Strange Situation Procedure (SSP) among 125 father‐infant and 141 mother‐infant dyads. Cortisol was assessed at baseline (T1), 20 (T2), and 40 minutes (T3) after the first parent‐infant separation. Initial correlations indicated significant associations between father‐infant and mother‐infant cortisol at each time. Cortisol interdependence was further explored using Actor‐Partner Interdependence Models. There was no evidence supporting cortisol interdependence based on within‐time residual correlations between parent‐infant cortisol, once stability and cross‐lagged paths were controlled. Infant cortisol at T2 predicted T3 cortisol for fathers and mothers resulting in a series of follow‐up exploratory analyses to examine mediating processes which revealed that infant distress during the SSP predicted infant T2 cortisol, which, in turn, predicted infant negativity during the 15‐min mother‐infant teaching task that followed the SSP. Among father‐infant dyads, infant T2 cortisol predicted infant negativity during father‐infant interaction, with infants expressing more negativity having less sensitive fathers. Findings provide little support of parent‐infant adrenocortical attunement across either father‐infant or mother‐infant dyads during the SSP, but preliminary evidence indicates infant distress as a potential mediator. Future research may want to focus on affective and behavioral processes that underlie the concept of parent‐infant adrenocortical attunement.
Efficient utilization of date palm waste for the bioethanol production through Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain
Authors: Ahmad Arslan , Naqvi Summar A. , Jaskani Muhammad J. , Waseem Muhammad , Ali Ehsan , Khan Iqrar A. , Faisal Manzoor Muhammad , Siddeeg Azhari , Aadil Rana Muhammad 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are rich in nutritional compounds, particularly in sugars. Sugars offer anaerobic fermentation, used for bioethanol production. Recently, researchers and industrialists finding ways to produce low‐cost bioethanol on large scale using agricultural wastes. Date palm residual is the largest agricultural waste in Pakistan, which can be the cheapest source for bioethanol production, whereas the current study was designed to explore the possible utilization and the potential of date palm waste for bioethanol production through Saccharomyces cerevisiae grown in yeast extract, Bacto peptone, and d‐glucose medium. The fermentation process resulted in the production of 15% (v/v) ethanol under the optimum condition of an incubation period of 72 hr and three sugars (glucose, fructose, and sucrose) were found in date waste. The functional group of ethanol (C2H5OH) was also found via Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Therefore, S. cerevisiae could be recommended for ethanol production due to short fermentation time at 25% inoculum in 30°C and reduced the processing cost. Common date varieties of low market value are a preferred substrate for the process of producing industrial ethanol. Additionally, proximate analysis of date fruit by near‐infrared spectroscopy revealed moisture contents (16.84%), crude protein (0.3%), ash (9.8%), crude fat (2.6%), and neutral detergent fibers (13.4%). So, date fruit contains various nutrients for microbial growth for ethanol production.
A Robust, Safe, and Scalable Magnetic Nanoparticle Workflow for RNA Extraction of Pathogens from Clinical and Wastewater Samples
Authors: Ramos‐Mandujano Gerardo , Salunke Rahul , Mfarrej Sara , Rachmadi Andri Taruna , Hala Sharif , Xu Jinna , Alofi Fadwa S. , Khogeer Asim , Hashem Anwar M. , Almontashiri Naif A. M. , Alsomali Afrah , Shinde Digambar B. , Hamdan Samir , Hong Pei‐Ying , Pain Arnab , Li Mo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMolecular diagnosis and surveillance of pathogens such as SARS‐CoV‐2 depend on nucleic acid isolation. Pandemics at the scale of COVID‐19 can cause a global shortage of proprietary commercial reagents and BSL‐2 laboratories to safely perform testing. Therefore, alternative solutions are urgently needed to address these challenges. An open‐source method, magnetic‐nanoparticle‐aided viral RNA isolation from contagious samples (MAVRICS), built upon readily available reagents, and easily assembled in any basically equipped laboratory, is thus developed. The performance of MAVRICS is evaluated using validated pathogen detection assays and real‐world and contrived samples. Unlike conventional methods, MAVRICS works directly in samples inactivated in phenol‐chloroform (e.g., TRIzol), thus allowing infectious samples to be handled safely without biocontainment facilities. MAVRICS allows wastewater biomass immobilized on membranes to be directly inactivated and lysed in TRIzol followed by RNA extraction by magnetic nanoparticles, thereby greatly reducing biohazard risk and simplifying processing procedures. Using 39 COVID‐19 patient samples and two wastewater samples, it is shown that MAVRICS rivals commercial kits in detection of SARS‐CoV‐2, influenza viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus. Therefore, MAVRICS is safe, fast, and scalable. It is field‐deployable with minimal equipment requirements and could become an enabling technology for widespread testing and wastewater monitoring of diverse pathogens.
From paper to practice: an exploratory study of policy making and implementation in alternative forms of healthcare public‐private partnership in Ghana
Authors: Dugle Gordon , Kpinpuo Stephen Debar , Ghartey Benjamin Baisie 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThere has been growing advocacy for public‐private partnership (PPP) in healthcare in both policy and academic circles over the last 3 decades. However, our understanding of the tensions between the policy cycle and critical organisational trade‐offs that characterise alternative forms of healthcare PPPs remains limited. In this paper, we use Walt and Gilson's policy analysis triangle to explore the policy and practice of two alternative models of healthcare PPPs–autonomous and integrative partnerships–at the sub‐national level in Ghana, a typical case of a polycentric health management structure. The study is a sequential exploratory qualitative design, consisting of review of four policy documents and in‐depth interviews with 13 key informants, comprising health managers from the regional and district health directorates, and medical directors of selected private health facilities. Our findings reveal that in spite of the natural potential of integrative PPP models to present a relatively stronger policy capacity to the private partner than autonomous models, the capacity of sub‐national level public‐private actors to participate in policy making and implementation remains very limited across both models. We further find that effective policy making and implementation requires significant governance attention to building the policy capacity of actors across vertical and horizontal levels of the partnership, regardless of the model of engagement. We suggest that this is achievable through instrumental multistakeholderism in PPP policy, planning and management. The paper contributes to developing understanding of the policy and practice of healthcare PPP in polycentric institutional settings.
Gender diversity of boards and executives on real earnings management in the bull or bear period: Empirical evidence from China
Authors: Li XiaoJiao , Than Ei Thuzar , Ahmed Rizwan , Ishaque Maria , Huynh Toan Luu Duc 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study investigates whether gender diversity in the roles of executives, boards of supervisors and management impacts real earnings management during the bullish and bearish periods from 2000 to 2017. The sample is separated by bullish (11,616 firm‐year observations) and bearish (14,436 firm‐year observations) periods. The results suggest that female participation on supervisory boards and executives tend to kerb real earnings management during bearish and bullish periods. Another important finding is that female CEOs are more cautious in real earnings manipulation due to their risk‐averse nature during the bearish period, while female CFOs are more likely to constrain real earnings management in the bullish period. This study failed to find the relation of gender diversity on boards of management to real earnings management; however, the study has found that female executives (excluding CEOs and CFOs) who are also directors are more likely to limit earnings manipulation.