bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flow‐IMPACT: A Pumpless, High‐Throughput 3D Cell Culture Platform for Investigation of Synergistic Angiogenic Effects
Authors: Park Seonghyuk , Kim Youngtaek , Lee Jungseub , Jung Sangmin , Hong Jongho , Kim Suryong , Lee Seung‐Ryeol , Song Jiyoung , Park Siwan , Oh Young Sun , Ko Jihoon , Jeon Noo Li 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFlow‐IMPACT is a pioneering 3D dynamic cell culture chip array, meticulously designed as an injection‐molded plastic platform. This novel design achieves pumpless, physiologically relevant flow conditions with high throughput, effectively addressing the flow control limitations of traditional pumpless‐based systems. Incorporating serpentine channel structures engineered for hydraulic resistance and microfluidic hydrogel patterning, the platform allows precise regulation of interstitial flow velocity through adjustments in hydrogel concentrations and medium height levels. Hydrodynamic evaluations confirm that fluid flow velocities within Flow‐IMPACT closely replicate physiological in vivo conditions (0–2 µm s−1). The results indicate that interstitial flow within this physiological range enhances angiogenesis by increasing vessel length and branching. Furthermore, the flow applies fluid forces to endothelial cells, offering directional guidance to neovessels. The device demonstrates that the synergistic manipulation of flow and biochemical factors by stromal cells significantly influences angiogenesis. Flow‐IMPACT, as a pumpless dynamic cell culture system, supports high‐throughput experiments under controlled conditions and holds significant potential for applications across various organ and tissue microenvironments.
Impact of Peptide‐Based Supramolecular Gels on the Passivation and Optical Properties of CsPbBr3 Nanocrystals for Photocatalytic Dye Degradation in Water
Authors: Paul Subir , Das Adhikari Samrat , Pareja‐Rivera Carina , Masi Sofia , Julián‐López Beatriz , Martinez‐Pastor Juan P. , Escuder Beatriu , Mora‐Seró Iván 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe instability of halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) upon exposure to water is a longstanding problem that has limited the full potential of these materials. Here, this issue is assessed from the point of view of supramolecular chemistry. This approach triggers the self‐assembly of low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) at the point of the synthesis of PNCs for their simultaneous incorporation into the supramolecular gel formed by those. Thus, a library of peptide‐based molecules is designed which can replace oleyl amine in the synthesis of CsPbBr3 PNCs via the Hot Injection procedure. In situ gelation is achieved during the synthesis process and the impact of self‐assembly on the water durability of the PNCs is studied. The photocatalytic activity of the most stable PNCs is established by measuring the ability of these materials to degrade Rhodamine B in water. In addition, the self‐assembled peptide network is efficient to prevent lead leaching in water substantially eliminating the lead contamination by the catalyst. Moreover, completely degraded perovskite material can self‐heal to a certain extent within the matrix to revert to its primitive perovskite phase. Altogether, these results open a new way for the use of LMWGs to improve the (re)usability of halide perovskite materials.
Ultrafast Laser Inkless Full‐Color Printing on Flexible and Thermolabile Substrates
Authors: Wang Zhewei , Xu Liye , Zhang Zhefeng , Du Kaikai , Yan Wei , Cui Weicheng , Qiu Min 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLaser‐induced structural color technology holds great promise for the mass‐production of structural colors of wide color gamut, high stability, and low cost. However, its application to flexible and thermolabile substrates (such as plastics and paper) is currently hindered by the reliance on high‐temperature processes or metal substrates. Here, an ultrafast laser inkless printing technology is proposed to address this challenge. By optimizing the magnetron sputtering process with a pre‐sintered TiN target, the reflective TiN layer can be prepared at room temperature, on which coated an absorptive TiN layer to produce the TiN hybrid film. Under laser irradiation, this hybrid film is transformed into an “oxide‐absorptive‐reflective” tri‐layer film structure when the upper absorptive TiN layer is oxidized. In this case, the thicknesses of the oxide and absorptive layers can be adjusted by modifying the total accumulated laser fluence. This enables the tuning of the double‐absorption wavelength, thereby obtaining basic structural colors for printing. The high durability of the obtained structural colors is verified through various aging tests. Notably, this technology is successfully applied to flexible and thermolabile substrates, including plastics and cardboard paper, which may further promote the practical application of laser‐induced structural color technology.
Enhanced Optical Gain Through Efficient Polaron Pairs Recombination in F8xBTy
Authors: Huang Yongjie , Wei Qi , Jiang Yi , Tam Hoi Lam , Li King Fai , Jia Zhan‐Bo , Yan Yu , Sun Chen , Li Mingjie , Wong Man Shing , Cheah Kok Wai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOrganic semiconductors combine excellent optoelectronic properties with simple fabrication to obtain the desired features by tuning their chemical structures. Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET) is in designing blended gain media, but it does not enhance efficient optical gain in most cases. This is due to the competition between polaron pairs and stimulated emission (SE), leading to quenching of SE. Thus a challenge to design efficient optical gain systems via FRET. Here, a series of copolymers, F8xBTy, through uniformly inserting benzothiadiazole (BT) units into the 9,9‐dioctylfluorene (F8) chain, were synthesized. They consist of both charge transfer (CT) and FRET is synthesized. These copolymers can prevent the local F8 aggregation and lead to efficient polaron pair recombination into singlet excitons. The F8 excitons are thus spatially confined, increasing efficient SE. Efficient light amplification has low amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) thresholds (as low as 5.3 µJ cm−2) and significantly enhanced optical gain with gain coefficients up to 37 cm−1. The distributed feedback (DFB) lasers has low lasing thresholds down to 5.4 nJ per pulse. The results suggest that these copolymers provide a organic gain media design strategy with efficient optical gain, introducing a new approach to developing laser materials for electrically pumped lasers.
Bio‐Inspired Giant Refractive Index Gradient Lenses Based on Ionic Polymers
Authors: Statsenko Tatiana G. , Ermolaev Georgy A. , Gets Dmitry , Kolchanov Denis S. , Chernyshev Ivan Yu , Polezhaev Alexander V. , Eliseev Igor E. , Ukleev Victor , Stahn Jochen , Taradin Alexey S. , Arsenin Aleksey V. , Makarov Sergey V. , Vinogradov Alexandr V. , Morozova Sofia M. , Volkov Valentyn S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTransparent polymers are low‐cost, light, and flexible, making them prospective for a plethora of applications. Still, their usage in photonics is impeded by a low refractive index, usually less than 1.7. In this work, an alternative strategy is proposed for improving optical characteristics by developing poly(ionic liquids) (PILs) with a gradient refractive index (GRIN) in thin films. The obtained PILs are transparent, environmentally friendly, and possess the GRIN effect in thin films. Inspired by the architecture of the animal's eye, PILs are employed for inkjet fabrication of microlenses with a giant GRIN value of 0.8, which is up to several times higher than that in previous studies on nanolayered polymeric and 3D printed GRIN lenses. Furthermore, in terms of focusing power, lens transparency, and depth of field, these microlenses outperform the result of high refractive index polymers. Hence, the findings open a novel platform for compact optical components based on new types of ionic polymers.
Independent Multiple‐Optical‐Parameter Modulations Enabled by Manipulating the Separate Levels of a Hierarchical Structure
Authors: Ouyang Cheng , Chen Quan‐Ming , Xie Zhi‐Yao , Xu Chun‐Ting , Wang Qi‐Guang , Zheng Zhi‐Gang , Luo Dan , Lu Yan‐Qing , Hu Wei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOwing to their intrinsic multiple physical dimensions and high parallelism, photons are superior to electrons when they act as information carriers. The independent and dynamic spatial modulations of multiple optical parameters of light are highly pursued in vital fields such as supercomputing, constellation satellite and optical communications, virtual/augmented reality, and holographic displays. To date, it is still challenging to accomplish this urgent task with a single element. Here, multiple optical parameter modulations are carried out via manipulation of the separate levels of a hierarchical structure. Photopatterning, light irradiation, and an electric field are adopted to regulate the patterned crystallizations, lattice constants, and tilt angles of blue‐phase liquid crystals (BPLCs). As the optical parameters are associated with the individual structural features, it enables binary reflectance and spatial geometric phase modulations, reversable wavelength shifting, and continuous reflectance variations with excellent independency. This work unlocks the multi‐degree modulation of light and addresses the miniaturization, integration, and dynamic and multifunctional tendencies of rapidly growing optical informatics. Owing to its merits of omnidirectional, independent control, and dynamic response, it may dramatically upgrade the performance of existing optics.
Introducing Methoxy Functionality to Modulate the Lead Halide Dimensionality in Robust Metal–Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Broadband Emission
Authors: Wang Ziyi , Li Yukong , Sun Chen , Li Dongyang , Peng Chengdong , Fei Honghan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAchieving hybrid lead halides with high stability and tunable dimensionality is essential for advancing their optoelectronic applications. While numerous studies have investigated ligand functionality to modulate lead halide dimensionality and enhance photoluminescence (PL) efficiency, most efforts remain limited to labile, ionically bound structures with stability issues. Herein, two new members of lead halide‐based metal–organic frameworks are successfully synthesized by employing dimethoxy‐functionalized benzenedicarboxylate acid (2,5‐dmbdcH2) as a bridging linker. This functionalization increases steric hindrance, effectively isolating 1D lead halide chains into 0D lead halide units. The 0D [Pb4X2]6+ (X = Cl, Br) cluster‐type units, are coordinatively linked by 2,5‐dmbdc to form two robust 3D frameworks, Pb4X2(2,5‐dmbdc)3. The structural deformation of the 0D lead halide units enhances photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) of broadband emissions, increasing from 1.5–8.0% for TMOF‐5 to 33.4–34.6% for TMOF‐15, while maintaining excellent long‐term photostability and environmental durability. Mechanistic studies reveal that the strong interaction between charge carriers and phonons within the deformable [Pb4X2]6+ clusters promotes the formation of self‐trapped excitons (STEs), leading to the enhanced broadband emission observed in TMOF‐15. This work presents an effective linker‐functionalization strategy for synthesizing lead halide MOFs with both high stability and excellent PL performances.
Effects of Graphene Quantum Dots on Renal Fibrosis Through Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Restoring Mitochondrial Membrane Potential
Authors: Kim Kyu Hong , Park Jong Bo , An Jung Nam , Bae Gaeun , Kim Kyu Hyeon , Park Seong Joon , Jung Youngjin , Kim Yong Chul , Lee Jung Pyo , Lee Jae Wook , Kim Dong Ki , Kim Yon Su , Hong Byung Hee , Yang Seung Hee 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPodocyte injury and proteinuria in glomerular disease are critical indicators of acute kidney injury progression to chronic kidney disease. Renal mitochondrial dysfunction, mediated by intracellular calcium levels and oxidative stress, is a major contributor to podocyte complications. Despite various strategies targeting mitochondria to improve kidney function, effective treatments remain lacking. This study investigates the potential of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) in mitigating renal fibrosis and elucidates their underlying mechanisms. In animal models of Adriamycin‐induced nephropathy and 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy, GQDs treatment exhibits anti‐inflammatory, anti‐fibrotic, and anti‐apoptotic effects by restoring podocyte actin structure. These therapeutic benefits are associated with the downregulation of transient receptor potential channel 5 (TRPC5) activity, which is related to kidney fibrosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. In vitro, GQDs suppress TRPC5, enhancing anti‐fibrotic and anti‐apoptotic effects by lowering calcium levels under oxidative stress and mechanical pressure. Anti‐oxidative and anti‐senescent effects are also confirmed. Most significantly, transcriptomics and electron microscopy analyses reveal that GQD treatment enhances mitochondrial respiration‐related gene profiles and improves mitochondrial cristae morphology. These findings suggest that GQDs are a promising therapeutic nanomaterial for renal cell damage, capable of modulating calcium‐dependent apoptosis associated with mitochondrial injury, potentially slowing fibrosis progression.
Tailoring Dynamic Synaptic Plasticity in FeTFT Optoelectronic Synapse for Associative Learning
Authors: Yang Peng , Xu Hui , Luo Xiaopeng , Yu Shihao , Liu Yang , Zhang Yefan , Guo Xu , Song Bing , Li Zhiwei , Liu Sen , Li Qingjiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNeuromorphic hardware with dynamic synaptic plasticity presents fascinating applications in advanced artificial intelligence. However, the development of low‐cost, CMOS (Complementary Metal‐Oxide‐Semiconductor)‐compatible, and dynamically tunable synaptic devices is still nascent. Notably, the spontaneous polarization of hafnium oxide‐based ferroelectric materials, combined with the persistent photoconductivity effect of indium‐gallium‐zinc‐oxide (IGZO) semiconductors, provide a potential solution. In this paper, a novel optoelectronic synaptic device based on ferroelectric thin‐film transistors (FeTFTs) is proposed to achieve dynamic synaptic plasticity through the co‐modulation of light and electrical signals, which can effectively adjust the dynamic range of synaptic weights and emulate complex biological behaviors. The effective dynamic synaptic plasticity of FeTFTs is quantified under different light power intensities and verified through the emulation of complex biological behavior, such as classical conditioning experiments and environmental adaptive behavior. Furthermore, a 3 × 3 FeTFT array is constructed to demonstrate its potential applications in memory functions. This CMOS‐compatible optoelectronic synaptic device with dynamic synaptic plasticity provides a robust hardware foundation for the future development of artificial intelligence, enabling it to adapt to more complex environments and perform tasks efficiently.
Interfacial Challenges of Halide‐Based All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Tan Yuan , Beltran Matthew , Ke Jiaqi , Zhang Jiayi , Choi Junghyun , Zhou Yue , Cho Kyeongjae , Lee Dongsoo , Su Laisuo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs the demand for high energy density and battery safety grows, all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) have garnered considerable attention as promising energy storage systems by removing flammable liquid electrolytes (LEs). Cutting‐edge sulfide inorganic solid electrolytes (ISEs) such as Li10GeP2S12 and Li6PS5Cl have shown high Li+ conductivity comparable to those of LEs. However, the narrow electrochemical stability windows of sulfide ISEs hinder the development of high‐energy density ASSBs with severe interfacial challenges. Recently, halide ISEs such as Li3YCl6 and Li3InCl6 are attracting increasing attention because of their high Li+ ion conductivity, excellent thermal stability, and high oxidative stability above 4 V. These properties are crucial to developing ASSBs with high energy density, and exceptional cycle and rate performances when employing high‐voltage cathode materials. Nevertheless, recent studies have identified severe interfacial challenges in ASSBs utilizing halide ISEs. Moreover, the safety of ASSBs is assumed to be better than conventional LE batteries but studies find the opposite conclusion when certain types of ISEs are employed, which can be attributed to products from side reactions at the interfaces. The objective here is to summarize the interfacial challenges associated with halide ISEs‐based ASSBs that will guide the development of high‐performance and safe ASSBs.
High‐Performing Perovskite/Ruddlesden‐Popper Fuel Electrode for High‐Temperature Steam Electrolysis
Authors: Alizad Farzin Yousef , Khoshkalam Mohamad , Guo Siyuan , Menesklou Wolfgang , Röse Philipp , Weber André 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRuddlesden‐Popper (RP) oxides have emerged as a promising alternative to Ni cermet electrodes for high‐temperature steam electrolysis due to their superior oxide ion mobility and conductivity. Combining RP with perovskite (P) can provide superior electrocatalytic activity toward hydroxide oxidation and reduction reaction, driving higher efficiency in solid oxide cells (SOC). This work provides a novel approach to enhancing SOC performance by employing A‐site Ce‐substituted Sr0.6Pr0.4‐xCexMnO3 (x = 0.1‐0.3) electrodes, investigating their phase evolution, crystal properties, and cation oxidation states under oxidizing and reducing atmospheres. X‐ray diffraction analysis of heat‐treated powder in a reducing atmosphere revealed forming mixed P and RP structures at 600–800 °C for x = 0.1 and 0.2, which provides excellent conductivity and electrocatalytic activity. Consequently, outstanding cell performance is achieved, with low polarization resistances of 0.053 ± 0.004 Ω cm2 at 800 °C. The voltage response at different current densities in an electrolyte‐supported cell revealed a high power density of 1.084 W cm−2 in fuel cell operation and a current density of 1.00 A cm−2 at the thermoneutral voltage at 850 °C in steam electrolysis. Moreover, a low overpotential degradation rate of 45 mV kh−1 demonstrated the remarkable potential of the SPCM electrode as a promising Ni‐free candidate for SOC application.
Crop rotations and canola yields: Evidence from field‐level data in Western Canada
Authors: Lassoued Feryel , Slade Peter , Dyck Ashly 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCanola (Brassica napus) acreage increased in Western Canada in recent years, leading to rotations with fewer break years between canola plantings. Field trials suggest that frequent plantings of canola reduce canola yields. However, there is considerable disagreement about the magnitude and persistence of these effects. We analyze the effect of rotational practices on canola yields in Saskatchewan using over 20 years of observational data, representing 61% of canola hectares in the province. We examine how the impact of rotations varies across time, soil zone, soil moisture conditions and the distribution of yields. We regress canola yields in Saskatchewan on the share of land that was planted with particular crops in previous years, using a battery of covariates and fixed effects to address potential bias in the model. After including these fixed effects, we cannot reject the hypothesis that there is no sample selection bias. We use an unconditional quantile estimator to investigate how rotations affect different deciles of the yield distribution. Our analysis confirms that crop rotations significantly influence canola yields, albeit more modest than field trials suggest. We find a 7.5% yield reduction when canola follows canola, compared to cereals, with this penalty persisting for 4 years but diminishing in magnitude with each additional year. The adverse effects of consecutive canola plantings are more pronounced in wetter regions and at lower yield deciles. Conversely, canola yields are higher when planted after pulse crops (as opposed to after cereal crops).
Multiple Motivations: Agonistic Coalitions and Interventions in Blue Monkeys
Authors: Rotter Kyle , Cords Marina 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPrimates are known for forming agonistic coalitions, but most data come from species in which agonism occurs frequently and rank predicts fitness. We analyzed coalitions and interventions in wild blue monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis), in which both agonism and third‐party involvement are relatively rare, and in which rank does not predict fitness. Data came from a long‐term study in the Kakamega Forest, Kenya, spanning 12 years and 12 groups. Intervening animals both supported winners and defended losers, and coalition partners nearly always prevailed over their opponent. Adult females were joiners and juveniles were coalition‐recipients disproportionately, while opponents were disproportionately adults, especially males. A multivariate analysis confirmed these patterns and also showed that joiners were most likely to support the original contestant who was winning (vs. unclear outcome or losing) and the one to whom they were more closely related. A subset of the data showed higher odds of joining the higher‐ versus lower‐ranking original opponent. In high‐risk interventions (coalition recipient losing, joiner smaller than opponent), the preference for more related opponents was magnified. Blue monkeys intervening in agonistic disputes appear to take sides in ways that minimize costs by supporting the winner, while maximizing inclusive fitness benefits by preferring the more closely related contestant, especially when intervention is risky. Their additional tendencies to support young individuals versus older ones, all else equal, suggest an additional motivation to protect vulnerable group‐mates. Coalitions of smaller‐bodied groupmates may contribute to the social peripheralization of the group's adult male.
Phenomics‐Based Discovery of Novel Orthosteric Choline Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Bauer Ludwig G. , Ward Jennifer A. , Díaz‐Sáez Laura , Sundström Yvonne , Tolvanen Tuomas , Alarcón Barrera Juan Carlos , Kostidis Sarantos , Rogers Catherine M. , Panagakou Ioanna , Singh Usha , Rothweiler Elisabeth M. , Gonzalez Orta Alejandro , Kaniskan H. Ümit , Hu Jianping , Jin Jian , Sievers Sonja , Waldmann Herbert , Giera Martin , Sundström Michael , Berg Louise , Huber Kilian V. M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCholine kinase alpha (CHKA) is a central mediator of cell metabolism linked to cancer and immune regulation. Cellular and clinical evaluation of CHKA has been hampered by challenges in the development of drug‐like choline kinase inhibitors. Here, we identify CHKA as an unexpected off‐target of histone methyltransferase inhibitors using an integrated phenomic approach. We confirm CHKA as a direct protein target of the aminoquinazolines UNC0638 and UNC0737 using a combination of chemoproteomic, biochemical, cellular, and metabolic profiling assays, possibly explaining the previously reported discrepancies observed for different G9a/GLP inhibitor scaffolds in cellular assays. Using primary human cell model systems, we discover that CHKA modulation impairs IgG secretion and B‐cell maturation consistent with the notion that choline metabolism plays an important role in immune signalling. Co‐crystal structures of UNC0638 and UNC0737 with CHKA unravel an unexpected binding mode and suggest the inhibitors as attractive starting points for the development of selective chemical tools to further explore the biological role of CHKA in cancer and immune metabolism.