bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An accelerated distributed online gradient push‐sum algorithm on time‐varying directed networks
Authors: Fang Runyue , Li Dequan , Shen Xiuyu , Zhou Yuejin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates a distributed online optimization problem with convex objective functions on time‐varying directed networks, where each agent holds its own convex cost function and the goal is to cooperatively minimize the sum of the local cost functions. To tackle such optimization problems, an accelerated distributed online gradient push‐sum algorithm is firstly proposed, which combines the momentum acceleration technique and the push‐sum strategy. Then, we specifically analyze the regret for the proposed algorithm. The theoretical result shows that the individual regret of the proposed algorithm achieves a sublinear regret with order of
, where T is the time horizon. Moreover, we implement the proposed algorithm in sensor networks for solving the distributed online estimation problem, and the results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
A Heterostructured Sulfonated CNT/Sulfur/CNT Cathode for Promoting the Binary Conversion of Polysulfides in Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Li Min , Zhou Xianxian , Liu Xiaoxiao , Chen Liang , Zhang Ding , Xu Shoudong , Duan Donghong , Yuan Qinbo , Ling Lixia , Liu Shibin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPS) and sluggish redox kinetics hinder the commercialization of lithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries. Herein, we design a lightweight and multifunctional multi‐walled carbon nanotube (CNT)/sulfur/lithiated sulfonated CNT (M/S/M‐SO3Li) electrode as energy storage devices. Flexible CNT films ensure continuously electron/ion transmission and serve as LiPS shielding layer. Moreover, guided by DFT and experimental results, SO3 groups exert a vital adsorption effect toward sulfur species but not NH4+ groups. The SO3 groups can not only employ as LiPS immobilizer by Li−O bands between LiPS and SO3, but also serve as multifunctional electrocatalyst to propel LiPS conversion via generating thiosulfate and polythionate and Li2S decomposition by reducing reaction overpotential. As expected, M/S/M‐SO3Li electrode exhibits prominent rate capability (723.5 mAh g−1 at 5 C), high sulfur loading (7.09 mAh cm−2 at 5.0 mg cm−2 sulfur), favorable anti‐self‐discharge capabilities (rest for 72 h at 0.5 C with 2.17 %).
The Complex Role of Aluminium Contamination in Nickel‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lee Juhan , Amari Houari , Bahri Mounib , Shen Zonghao , Xu Chao , Ruff Zachary , Grey Clare P. , Ersen Ovidiu , Aguadero Ainara , Browning Nigel D. , Mehdi B. Layla 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Dr B. Layla Mehdi from the University of Liverpool. The cover picture demonstrates the impact of Al impurities on the nickel‐rich NMC cathodes. This observation of increased Al content can bring new insights into the ongoing discussions concerning the capacity fading phenomenon of nickel‐rich layered oxide materials in lithium‐ion batteries. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/batt.202100110.
Therapeutic efficacy of proton transport inhibitors alone or in combination with cisplatin in triple negative and hormone sensitive breast cancer models
Authors: Balza Enrica , Carlone Sebastiano , Carta Sonia , Piccioli Patrizia , Cossu Vanessa , Marini Cecilia , Sambuceti Gianmario , Rubartelli Anna , Castellani Patrizia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTriple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are very aggressive and have a poor prognosis due to lack of efficacious therapies. The only effective treatment is chemotherapy that however is frequently hindered by the occurrence of drug resistance. We approached this problem in vitro and in vivo on a triple negative and a hormone sensitive breast cancer cell lines: 4T1 and TS/A. A main defense mechanism of tumors is the extrusion of intracellular protons derived from the metabolic shift to glycolysis, and necessary to maintain an intracellular pH compatible with life. The resulting acidic extracellular milieu bursts the malignant behavior of tumors and impairs chemotherapy. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy of combined therapies that associate cisplatin (Cis) with proton exchanger inhibitors, such as esomeprazole (ESO) and 5‐(N‐ethyl‐N‐isopropyl)amiloride (EIPA). Our results demonstrate that in the 4T1 triple negative model the combined therapy Cis plus EIPA is significantly more effective than the other treatments. Instead, in the TS/A tumor the best therapeutic result is obtained with ESO alone. Remarkably, in both 4T1 and TS/A tumors these treatments correlate with increase of CD8+ T lymphocytes and dendritic cells, and a dramatic reduction of M2 macrophages and other suppressor myeloid cells (MDSC) in the tumor infiltrates.
Urea and Acetamide Rich Solutions Circumvent the Strand Inhibition Problem to Allow Multiple Rounds of DNA and RNA Copying
Authors: Lozoya‐Colinas Adriana , Clifton Bryce E. , Grover Martha A. , Hud Nicholas V. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFor decades prebiotic chemists have attempted to achieve replication of RNA under prebiotic conditions with only limited success. One of the long‐recognized impediments to achieving true replication of a duplex (copying of both strands) is the so‐called strand inhibition problem. Specifically, while the two strands of an RNA (or DNA) duplex can be separated by heating, upon cooling the strands of a duplex will reanneal before mononucleotide or oligonucleotide substrates can bind to the individual strands. Here we demonstrate that a class of plausible prebiotic solvents, when coupled with thermal cycling and varying levels of hydration, circumvents the strand inhibition problem, and allows multiple rounds of information transfer from both strands of a duplex (replication). Replication was achieved by simultaneous ligation of oligomers that bind to their templates with the aid of the solvents. The solvents used consisted of concentrated solutions of urea and acetamide in water (UAcW), components that were likely abundant on the early Earth. The UAcW solvent system favors the annealing of shorter strands over the re‐annealing of long strands, thereby circumventing strand inhibition. We observed an improvement of DNA and RNA replication yields by a factor of 100× over aqueous buffer. Information transfer in the UAcW solvent system is robust, being achieved for a range of solvent component ratios, various drying conditions, and in the absence or presence of added salts.
Strong and Specific Recognition of CAG/CTG Repeat DNA (5’‐dWGCWGCW‐3’) by a Cyclic Pyrrole‐Imidazole Polyamide
Authors: Hirose Yuki , Ohno Tomo , Asamitsu Sefan , Hashiya Kaori , Bando Toshikazu , Sugiyama Hiroshi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAbnormally expanded CAG/CTG repeat DNA sequences lead to a variety of neurological diseases, such as Huntington's disease. Here, we synthesized a cyclic pyrrole‐imidazole polyamide (cPIP), which can bind to the minor groove of the CAG/CTG DNA sequence. The double‐stranded DNA melting temperature (Tm) and surface plasmon resonance assays revealed the high binding affinity of the cPIP. In addition, next‐generation sequencing showed that the cPIP had high specificity for its target DNA sequence.
Stimuli‐Responsive and Reversible Nanoassemblies of G‐Triplexes
Authors: Gao Heng , Peng Shuzhen , Yan Chenxiao , Zhang Qingqing , Zheng Xiong , Yang Tong , Wang Dandan , Zhou Xiaoshun , Shao Yong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractG‐triplex (G3) structures formed with three consecutive G‐tracts have recently been identified as a new emerging guanine‐rich DNA fold. There could likely be a wide range of biological functions for G3s as occurring for G‐quadruplex (G4) structures formed with four consecutive G‐tracts. However, in comparison to the many reports on G4 nanoassemblies that organize monomers together in a controllable manner, G3‐favored nanoassemblies have yet to be explored. In this work, we found that a natural alkaloid of sanguinarine can serve as a dynamic ligand glue to reversibly switch the dimeric nanoassemblies of the thrombin binding aptamer G3 (TBA‐G3). The glue planarity was considered to be a crucial factor for realizing this switching. More importantly, external stimuli including pH, sulfite, O2 and H2O2 can be employed as common regulators to easily modulate the glue's adhesivity for constructing and destructing the G3 nanoassemblies as a result of the ligand converting between isoforms. However, this assembly behavior does not occur with the counterpart TBA‐G4. Our work demonstrates that higher‐order G3 nanoassemblies can be reversibly operated by manipulating ligand adhesivity. This provides an alternative understanding of the unique behavior of guanine‐rich sequences and focuses attention on the G3 fold since the nanoassembly event investigated herein might occur in living cells.
Impact of milling on the functional and physicochemical properties of green lentil and yellow pea flours
Authors: Guldiken Burcu , Franczyk Adam , Boyd Lindsey , Wang Ning , Choo Kristin , Sopiwnyk Elaine , House James D. , Paliwal Jitendra , Nickerson Michael 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesPulse flours with different particle sizes are available for food production. The effect of varying milling techniques on the quality characteristics of green lentil (GL) and yellow pea (YP) flours was investigated.FindingsUsing a Ferkar mill (one‐step vertical knife mill) caused wider distribution and bigger particle size in all flours than milling with a roller mill. The highest starch damage (3%), starch content (57%), but lowest protein content (22%) were found in YP break flours produced by roller milling. Foaming stability of pulse flours decreased to 51%–71% after 120 min. Lowest viscosities were determined in Ferkar milled flours during pasting. There was no difference in protein strength of GL flours; however, starch gelatinization was found the highest in Ferkar milled flours. In vitro starch digestibility and in vitro protein digestibility‐corrected amino acid score were not affected from milling type within each pulse type.ConclusionDifferent flour streams and different milling technologies caused changes in various flour characteristics. However, the particle size of roller mill flours was similar in each pulse type.Significance and noveltyThe obtained results are a crucial step in better understanding the functional properties and possible food applications of pulse flours according to different milling streams and particle sizes.
Predicting Catalytic Activity from 13CCH Alkylidene Chemical Shift in Cationic Tungsten Oxo Alkylidene N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes
Authors: Musso Janis V. , Schowner Roman , Falivene Laura , Frey Wolfgang , Cavallo Luigi , Buchmeiser Michael R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA series of cationic tungsten oxo alkylidene N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes was synthesized and structurally characterized by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. The 13C NMR chemical shifts of the alkylidene C atoms of these complexes were correlated with the diamagnetic, paramagnetic and spin‐orbit chemical shifts calculated by DFT. A good correlation (R2=0.90) between the DFT isotropic chemical shifts and the experimental chemical shift as well as a strong correlation between the DFT isotropic chemical shifts and the TOF1min for the RCM of 1,7‐octadiene was found. Further, a comparison of the catalyst geometries allowed for assigning tetracoordinate pseudotetrahedral catalysts to the most deshielded alkylidenes and to the highest TOF1min, pentacoordinate square‐planar catalysts to the intermediate deshielded alkylidenes and intermediate TOF1min, and hexacoordinate and octahedral catalyst to the most shielded alkylidene and lowest TOF1min. Analysis of the magnetic shielding tensors allowed for ascribing variations in the chemical shifts to electronic transitions between occupied molecular orbitals corresponding to the alkylidene‐C and alkylidene‐H σ‐bonds and the empty molecular orbital corresponding to the W‐alkylidene σ*‐bond.
Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2@PDA Nanocomposite for the Degradation of Organic Materials
Authors: Han Kwang-Hyok , Kim Yong-Ho , Pak In-Ho , Yu Ju-Hyon , Ho In-Chol , Han Ryong-Huan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn order to enhance the effectiveness of pollutant removal by photocatalysis under visible light, a multifunctional photocatalyst was prepared by grafting polydopamine (PDA) with the core‐shell nanocomposite Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2 (FST). The structural, morphological, and magnetic responses of FST@PDA were characterized by X‐ray diffraction pattern, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, etc. FST@PDA showed a high degradation rate of rhodamine B, reaching 98.7 % and 95.7 % after 150 min of ultraviolet and visible light radiation, respectively. In addition, the prepared FST@PDA had good safety and high recyclability due to the strong covalent bonds between FST and PDA.
Hair dye use and prostate cancer risk: A prospective analysis in the Alpha‐Tocopherol, Beta‐Carotene Cancer Prevention Study cohort
Authors: Lim Jung‐Eun , Huang Jiaqi , Mӓnnistӧ Satu , Weinstein Stephanie J. , Albanes Demetrius 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundAccording to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, some hair dye chemicals are considered mutagenic and carcinogenic in humans. One hospital‐based study reported a positive association between hair dye use and prostate cancer risk, but no prospective analyses have been conducted.MethodsThis study investigated the association between hair dye use and prostate cancer risk in the Alpha‐Tocopherol, Beta‐Carotene Cancer Prevention Study cohort, a large, well‐characterized cohort of 29,133 male Finnish smokers. Participants completed questionnaires regarding lifestyle, medical, and risk factor information, including the use of hair dye, which was available for 98.8% of the cohort (28,795 men). Prostate cancer cases were identified through linkage with the Finnish Cancer Registry and the Finnish Mortality Register. Hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated via multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression.ResultsDuring a 28‐year period of observation, 2703 incident prostate cancer cases were diagnosed. As reported at the baseline, 75 men used hair dye, and 13 of these men were subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer. After adjustments for potential confounders, men who used hair dyes experienced substantially higher prostate cancer risk than men who did not (HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.03‐3.05).ConclusionsThis first prospective investigation of hair dye use and prostate cancer suggests that personal hair dye use may be related to increased risk. The findings warrant re‐examination in other prospective cohorts along with studies evaluating specific hair dyes and possible underlying biological mechanisms.
A P‐Functionalized [3]Ferrocenophane with a Dynamic SPS‐Bridge
Authors: Weller Stefan , Klenk Robert , Kelemen Zsolt , Nyulászi László , Nieger Martin , Gudat Dietrich 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFerrocene‐1,1′‐dithiol reacts with PCl3 and P(NMe2)3 to give [3]ferrocenophanes with SPS‐ansa‐bridges comprising potentially reactive P−Cl and P−N bonds at the central bridge atom. The products were characterized by NMR data and single‐crystal XRD studies. The P‐chloro‐derivative exists both in the solid state and in solution as a mixture of two energetically nearly degenerate conformers with different stereochemical disposition of the ansa‐bridge. Activation parameters for the dynamic equilibration between both isomers in solution were determined by dynamic NMR spectroscopy. Computational studies suggest that the isomerization proceeds via a torsional motion of the bridging SPS‐unit rather than via configuration inversion at the phosphorus atom.
Coating of Zucchini Slices with Balangu, Basil, and Wild Sage Seeds Gums to Improve the Frying Properties
Authors: Salehi Fakhreddin , Haseli Alireza , Roustaei Amirreza 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this study, the influence of balangu seed, basil seed, wild sage seed, and xanthan gums as edible coatings on the oil absorption and color changes kinetics of zucchini slices during frying have been studied. The color indexes including a* (redness), b* (yellowness), L* (lightness), and color change intensity (∆E) are utilized to estimate quality characteristics and appearance changes during oil frying of zucchini slices. Basil seed and xanthan gums yielded good results and they are able to carry out as edible coating materials for production of low‐fat fried zucchini slices. L* index values of zucchini slices decreased during frying. The lowest ∆E value is for the zucchini slices coated by basil seed gum. Various kinetic equations are used to fitting the empirical frying data and the results show that the Morgan–Mercer–Flodin model is the best model to describe the ∆E of fried slices. The surface area change of slices became more during frying process, and these changes are lower for the coated slices with Basil and Wild sage seeds gums. The appropriate coating for decreasing the oil absorption of fried zucchini slices is 1.0% Basil seed gum.Practical Applications: Coating in the frying industry is the one of the ways to decreasing the oil absorption of fried food products. Coating with these gums improved the physicochemical properties and quality of fried zucchini slices. The appropriate coating for decreasing the oil absorption of fried zucchini slices and improving product appearance quality is 1.0% Basil seed gum.
How information on sexism may increase women's perceptions of being excluded, threaten fundamental needs, and lower career motivation
Authors: Doolaard Frank T. , Lelieveld Gert‐Jan , Noordewier Marret K. , van Beest Ilja , van Dijk Eric 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe current research investigates the effects of exposure to information about the prevalence of sexism in society on women's perceptions, needs, expectations, and career motivation. We propose that such exposure to sexism prevalence may threaten women's fundamental need to belong, and induces perceptions of social exclusion. Study 1 provided correlational evidence that perceiving society as sexist relates to increased perceptions of being excluded. Three experimental studies demonstrated that exposure to information about sexism in the form of fictional research results (Study 2), or actual newspaper articles (Studies 3 and 4), increased women's experiences of social exclusion. Exposure to such information also lowered women's gender‐related expectations of achieving their preferred position in society, and reduced career motivation. Together, the article provides insight into the experiential and motivational reactions to sexism in society.
A high‐density 256‐channel cap for dry electroencephalography
Authors: Fiedler Patrique , Fonseca Carlos , Supriyanto Eko , Zanow Frank , Haueisen Jens 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHigh‐density electroencephalography (HD‐EEG) is currently limited to laboratory environments since state‐of‐the‐art electrode caps require skilled staff and extensive preparation. We propose and evaluate a 256‐channel cap with dry multipin electrodes for HD‐EEG. We describe the designs of the dry electrodes made from polyurethane and coated with Ag/AgCl. We compare in a study with 30 volunteers the novel dry HD‐EEG cap to a conventional gel‐based cap for electrode‐skin impedances, resting state EEG, and visual evoked potentials (VEP). We perform wearing tests with eight electrodes mimicking cap applications on real human and artificial skin. Average impedances below 900 kΩ for 252 out of 256 dry electrodes enables recording with state‐of‐the‐art EEG amplifiers. For the dry EEG cap, we obtained a channel reliability of 84% and a reduction of the preparation time of 69%. After exclusion of an average of 16% (dry) and 3% (gel‐based) bad channels, resting state EEG, alpha activity, and pattern reversal VEP can be recorded with less than 5% significant differences in all compared signal characteristics metrics. Volunteers reported wearing comfort of 3.6 ± 1.5 and 4.0 ± 1.8 for the dry and 2.5 ± 1.0 and 3.0 ± 1.1 for the gel‐based cap prior and after the EEG recordings, respectively (scale 1–10). Wearing tests indicated that up to 3,200 applications are possible for the dry electrodes. The 256‐channel HD‐EEG dry electrode cap overcomes the principal limitations of HD‐EEG regarding preparation complexity and allows rapid application by not medically trained persons, enabling new use cases for HD‐EEG.
Prediction of meconium aspiration syndrome by data available before delivery
Authors: Amitai Komem Daphna , Meyer Raanan , Yinon Yoav , Levin Gabriel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo identify risk factors associated with the occurrence of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) among neonates.MethodsA retrospective case‐control study in a university affiliated tertiary medical center, including all neonates born with meconium stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) between March 2011 and March 2020. Patients were categorized by the occurrence of MAS. Demographic, pregnancy and delivery characteristics were compared between the two groups. Risk factors for MAS were analyzed.ResultsOf 90 579 singleton deliveries, a total of 11 856 with MSAF were included. Of these newborns, 78 (0.66%) were diagnosed with MAS Four factors were independently associated with MAS: delivery at <38 0/7 weeks (aOR [95% CI]: 3.48 (1.02–11.84), P = 0.046); higher body mass index (aOR [95% CI]: 1.09 (1.02–1.16), P = 0.003); lower amniotic fluid index (aOR [95% CI]: 0.99 (0.98–0.99), P = 0.032); higher white blood cell count (aOR [95% CI]: 1.11 (1.02–1.20), P = 0.009). The presence of one, two and three of the above‐mentioned risk factors yielded a risk for MAS of 0.8%, 2.5% and 100%, respectively.ConclusionWe identified independent risk factors for MAS and developed a risk score calculator. This tool may assist physicians in the management of deliveries complicated by MSAF.
High‐intensity focused ultrasound compared with uterine artery chemoembolization with methotrexate for the management of cesarean scar pregnancy
Authors: Wang Wenping , Chen Yan , Yang Yamei , Qu Dacheng , Jiang Jing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness and safety of high‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) versus uterine artery chemoembolization with methotrexate for the management of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP).MethodsA total of 170 women with CSP were enrolled in the retrospective cohort study from April 2016 to September 2020. One hundred women received HIFU followed by suction curettage, and 70 women were treated with uterine artery chemoembolization followed by suction curettage.ResultsThe median blood loss during suction curettage was 20 ml (range 2–800 ml) in the HIFU group versus 20 ml (range 5–200 ml) in the chemoembolization group (P = 0.837). The mean time for β‐human chorionic gonadotropin normalization was 28.52 ± 10.82 days versus 26.69 ± 8.97 days (P = 0.246), respectively. The mean time of menstruation recovery was 34.36 ± 10.63 days versus 31.93 ± 8.53 days (P = 0.114), respectively. The incidence of adverse effects in the HIFU group was lower than that in the chemoembolization group (P = 0.028). The median hospitalization time in the HIFU group was longer than that in the chemoembolization group (P = 0.000).ConclusionHIFU was as effective and safe as uterine artery chemoembolization in the management of CSP, and the incidence of adverse effects was lower.