bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STUDI PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TINDAKAN MAYARAKAT TERHADAP SANITASI LINGKUNGAN DI PANTAI BALLONA KECAMATAN TALIWANG KABUPATEN SUMBAWA BARAT
Authors: DEWI NI MADE NIA BUNGA SURYA 
Published: March 2021

Sanitation is a control over all factors of the human physical environment which can / can have adverse effects on human life, both physically and mentally. Environmental cleanliness is closely related to the health of the surrounding community, various problems are often caused by a lack of information received by the community. The results of research using this descriptive method are to describe the knowledge, attitudes and actions of the community on the coast of Ballona beach Taliwang District, West Sumbawa Regency regarding environmental sanitation, which was carried out in September - October 2020 in Taliwang District for 97 respondents and data collection methods. which is used is the use of methods of observation (observation) and interviews (questionnaire and SPSS as a research instrument. People who live on the coast of Ballona beach Taliwang district which have good knowledge about sanitation are 39 respondents (40.2%), which has sufficient knowledge of 51 respondents (52.6%) and 7 respondents (7,2%) who have poor knowledge of sanitation. Meanwhile, the coastal communities of Ballona beach Taliwang District who had positive attitudes towards sanitation were 46 people (47.4%) and negative respondents were 51 (52.6%) people and 0 respondents who had good actions regarding environmental sanitation. There were 34 respondents (35.1%) who had sufficient action in the coastal area of the coast of Taliwang District and 63 respondents (64.9%) had unfavorable actions.
APLIKASI SKYLIGHT DAN JENDELA UNTUK OPTIMALISASI PENCAHAYAAN ALAMI PADA RUMAH TINGGAL
Authors: Ardianti Sabtalistia Yunita , Sintia Dewi Wulanningrum  
Published: March 2021

Bukaan yang ada di rumah, seperti: jendela, ventilasi, dan skylight bisa dioptimalkan kinerjanya sehingga pemakaian lampu bisa dikurangi atau bahkan tidak digunakan sama sekali i. Ruangan-ruangan yang paling banyak digunakan dari pagi sampai sore hari adalah ruang kerja, dapur, dan ruang makan. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut maka penelitian ini bertujuan mengoptimalkan skylight dan jendela agar ruang kerja, ruang makan, dan dapur pada rumah tinggal mempunyai pencahayaan alami yang optimal.
Sampel penelitian yang digunakan adalah rumah tipe 27/60 yang menghadap ke arah barat daya. Rumah tersebut mempunyai bukaan, seperti: jendela, ventilasi, dan skylight. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen dengan menggunakan simulasi Autodesk Ecotect Analysis 2011. Ada 2 solusi yang direkomendasikan untuk diaplikasikan agar ruang kerja, ruang makan, dan dapur mendekati nilai SNI 6197:2011. Solusi pertama diterapkan pada saat kegiatan kerja dan makan sedangkan solusi kedua diterapkan pada saat kegiatan memasak. Solusi yang pertama dengan menutup korden sebesar 50% pada jendela ruang kerja dan ruang tidur depan, menutup korden sebesar 100% pada jendela belakang, pemberian horizontal overhang pada jendela belakang, dan mengurangi luas skylight sebesar 50%. Solusi yang kedua dengan membuka daun pintu depan dan daun jendela belakang.

Kata kunci : Jendela, Pencahayaan Alami, Rumah Tinggal, Skylight
KRITERIA PEMILIHAN MATERIAL SOFTSCAPE DAN HARDSCAPE LANSKAP BERKELANJUTAN UNTUK RANCANGAN TAMAN MERAH KAMPUNG PELANGI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Hamka  , Suryo Tri Harjanto  , Adhi Widyarthara  
Published: March 2021

Taman Merah Kampung Pelangi rancangannya direncakan dengan menggunakan konsep lanskap berkelanjutan, yaitu memepertimbangkan aspek lingkungan, sosial budaya, ekonomi, estetika dan institusional. Namun untuk memenuhi aspek lingkungan dan estetika maka perlu dilakukan kajian kriteria material softscape dan hardscape lanskap yang memiliki dampak positif terhadap lingkungan dan juga estetik secara visual. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi ketepatan pemilihan material softscape dan hardscape yang sesuai dengan konsep rancangan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif berdasarkan studi literatur terkait manfaat dari jenis material softscape dan hardscape lanskap. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa material softscape yang digunakan adalah dibagi menjadi tiga yaitu tanaman untuk fungsi ekologi, fungsi estetika dan fungsi ekonomi atau ketahanan pangan berupa tanaman produktif. Material hardscape diselesaikan dengan cara mengurangi penggunaan perkerasan secara keseluruhan, misalkan kombinasi antara beton dan rumput, krikil atau batu koral, penggunaan pasir putih untuk lapangan futsal dan volley. Hal tersebut bertujuan agar area resapan air pada taman tetap terjaga.
TIPOLOGI POLA TATA LETAK RUMAH PADA PERMUKIMAN TEPIAN SUNGAI KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Afdholy Amar Rizqi , Hamka  , Sri Winarni  
Published: March 2021

Permukiman tepian sungai merupakan sebuah ciri khas dalam konteks kelokalan yang menjadi daya tarik tersendiri dari Kota Banjarmasin. Pada perkembangannya sekarang permukiman tepian sungai sudah banyak berubah, berkembangnya beragam tipe rumah dengan berbagai pola peletakannya memberikan keberagaman pada permukiman tepian sungai Kota Banjarmasin pada saat ini. Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana tipologi pola tata letak rumah pada permukiman tepian sungai Pulau Bromo Kota Banjarmasin. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan tipologi dan untuk teknik pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil temuan dari 25 objek sampel rumah tepian sungai, didapatkan 3 jenis posisi peletakan rumah, yaitu di area atas sungai, bantaran sungai dan tepi sungai. Selain itu didapatkan 5 tipologi untuk pola tata letak, dengan tipe yang paling dominan, yaitu posisi rumah yang berada di tepi sungai dan berorientasi ke Sungai Martapura.
METODE DATA DISPLAY DALAM PRELIMINARY SURVEY LAPANGAN DI TK TUNAS BANGSA (SUMBERMANJING WETAN, MALANG)
Authors: Ghoustanjiwani Adi Putra  , Tutut Nani Prihatmi  , Hani Zulfia Zahro  
Published: March 2021

Dengan jumlah penduduk sebanyak 11.200 jiwa, dengan 3250 KK, Gakin/binaan sebanyak 600 jiwa, desa Harjokuncaran masih memiliki angka kemiskinan cukup tinggi disertai tingkat pendidikan yang mayoritas rendah, hal ini dapat dilihat dari keterbatasan fasilitas pendidikan yang memadai. Salah satu fasilitas pendidikan ini adalah PAUD Tunas Bangsa 02 yang merupakan obyek studi kasus pada penelitian ini. Pengumpulan data pada survei awal ini dilakukan dengan cara observasi lapangan dan wawancara langsung. Data kualitatif yang terkumpul disortir dengan teknik pengelompokan data melalui content analisis. Data data yang telah di sortir melalui content analisis tersebut akan ditampilkan dengan metode data display dan disajikan dalam bentuk pengelopokan data berdasarkan variabel dan conten data. Tahap penelitian kualitatif ini hanya sebatas Preliminary Survey. Pada tahap ini penelitian akan hanya terfokus dalam perolehan data. Data data yang didapat dalam Preliminary Survey antara lain: data terkait kondisi wilayah, data karakteristik fisik spasial, dan data karakteristik sosial. Ketiga jenis data ini akan digunakan sebagai data awal dalam menentukan proses penelitian selanjutnya di waktu yang akan datang. Dimana penelitian yang akan datang akan berfokus dalam pengolahan data tersebut sebagai data awal untuk merencanakan dan merancang fasilitas pembelajaran pada studi kasus Paud Tunas bangsa 02.
PENATAAN MASSA BANGUNAN PADA LAHAN SEMPIT Studi Kasus : SMK WIDYA DHARMA, TUREN, KAB. MALANG
Authors: Gaguk Sukowiyono  , Debby Budi Susanti  , Breeze Maringka  
Published: March 2021

Meningkatnya kebutuhan akan sarana dan prasarana belajar mengajar pada SMK Widya Dharma Turen, Kabupaten Malang mendorong pihak sekolah untuk berusaha memaksimalkan pemanfaatan lahan yang dimilikinya sesuai dengan standar ruang dan kenyamanan bagi seluruh pengguna sekolah tersebut, termasuk juga perancangan ruang luar pada lingkungan sekolah.
Kata kunci : lahan, ruang luar, sarana prasarana
Evaluation of Heavy Metals and Total Hydrocarbon Concentration in the Qua Iboe River Estuary, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Eni D. Imoke , Arikpo I. Abam , Oko Peter Ereh 
Published: March 2021

The research assessed the concentration level of heavy metals and total hydrocarbon in Qua Iboe River Estuary of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria during the months of April, May and June. The experimental research design was adopted and a total of 72 water samples were collected on weekly basis from ST1, ST2 and ST3 during high and low tides in thoroughly-rinsed 1-litre plastic containers to avoid adulteration of the samples. Samples were analyzed in-situ and in the laboratory using standard methods. The results of the concentrations of the sampled parameters during high tide included: Cr (0.003-0.21mgl-1), Fe (0.123-0.511mgl-1); Mn (0.018-0.66mgl-1), Pb (0.105-0.603mgl-1), Mg (0.42-0.623mgl-1), Cu (0.00-0.32mgl-1) and THC (0.12-0.88mgl-1)while the low tide concentrations showed: Cr (0.001-0.061mgl-1), Fe (0.56-4.11mgl-1), Mn (0.002-0.13mgl-1), Pb (0.011-0.211mgl-1), Mg (0.108-1.342mgl-1), Cu (0.011-0.076mgl-1) and THC (0.23-0.80mgl-1). The concentrations of Hg and As were negligible throughout the study. Analysis revealed that THC varied significantly across the sampled stations (ANOVA, P <0.001). Pollution Index, PI <1 for Ni, Mn, Na, Hg, As, Mg and Cu, implied that there was no pollution in the estuary. Fe showed that the estuary was slightly polluted with PI 1-2; Cr, V and THC recorded PI 2-3 signifying that the water was moderately polluted; PI >5 for Pb revealed that the estuary was seriously polluted with lead. The oil spills by ExxonMobil’s offshore platforms in the area, the heinous practices of waste dumping along the coast have resulted in the high THC and heavy metals concentrations found in the water samples. Hence, the water in Qua Iboe River Estuary is polluted and not safe for personal or domestic uses. The study recommended that Exxon Mobil and other oil companies in Nigeria should adhere strictly to international best practices in oil exploration/exploitation, environmental conservation, maintenance of equipment and safety of their infrastructure should be their priority. Prompt actions should be taken towards clean-up exercises in case of oil spill incidents in the area and proper, modern sewage and solid wastes disposal mechanism should be put in place by the host communities.

Received: 31 January 2021 / Accepted: 27 February 2021 / Published: 7 March 2021
COMMUNICATION STRATEGY USED IN THE INTERACTION BETWEEN LOCAL GUIDES AND FOREIGN TOURISTS WHEN GUIDING IN MUSEUM KESEJARAHAN JAKARTA
Authors: Arfani Sri , Martiwi Rini , Andes Hepi 
Published: March 2021

This research was conducted to determine the communication strategy used by the local guide when guiding foreigners in museum kesejarahan Jakarta, especially the types of strategy in communication and the function of each strategy for the local guide to solving their problem in the museum. Communication strategy is the important thing that the guide needed to build a good conversation with the foreigners' visitor there. The objective of this study is to find out the most dominant type of strategy in communication and the functions of each strategy when the guide faced the problem when guiding, the writer used the descriptive qualitative method. The data collection was done by collecting the data from observation and the conversation problem with each foreign tourist. Primary data collected from direct field observations and interviews. The writer analyzes some conversations that can be shown as the problem faced by the tour guide. This research used theory by Celce-Murcia et al’s (1995) model of communication strategies is considered as the most complete and detailed. The writer divided communication strategies into five main categories. They are avoidance, achievement, stalling, self-monitoring strategies, and interactional strategies. Results showed that there were 5 types of communication strategy and The dominant of those theories was an interaction strategy. Problems that faced by the local guide are different culture, limited vocabulary, shyness, difficult accent, too attached to the modules being thought
Benefits of Implementing Automated Costing in a Small Machine Shop: A Case Study
Authors: Gonzalez Benito A , Butler Alley C 
Published: March 2021

Knowledge based cost estimating systems are available, but is there a lower limit to their applicability in an industrial environment? This paper answers this question by examining a knowledge based cost estimating expert system application in a small machine shop. Differences between the traditional experienced-based system currently employed and the automated system are studied. Data is gathered to analyze time effectiveness, accuracy, and payback of the software. Data from seventy part models is recorded to study the time experiment and data from fifty part models is used to study accuracy and consistency.The results indicate that the software is faster than traditional quoting systems; however, the payback point is high. Also, results show that the software has a smaller average time to manufacture percent difference between the automated system and the actual time to manufacture (TTM) compared to the percentage difference between the traditional TTM and actual TTM. Standard deviation for the automation is also less, implying better consistency. As a result, the attractiveness of the automated system in the limiting case of a small machine shop rests with significantly improved accuracy and consistency rather than payback.
A Network Flow Model of the Complex Illicit Trafficking Network Operating in the El Paso-Juarez Area
Authors: Pena Armando , Schott Elizabeth 
Published: March 2021

In 2013, El Paso, TX, was selected for the third time in a row by the Congressional Quarterly Press as the number one safest city with a population over 500,000 people (Borunda, 2013). Just across its border though, sits Ciudad Juarez, considered one of the most dangerous cities in the world. There is a unique social ecosystem between the two cities, a product of many years of shared history and traditions. The El Paso-Juarez area also happens to be one of the most valuable plazas for the Mexican Drug Cartels. According to BBC Mundo, the Sinaloa Cartel has won the El Paso-Juarez territory over the Juarez Cartel and the Zetas (Najar, 2012). Consequently, now that the territory is dominated by one cartel, drug trafficking through the area will likely increase and smuggling through border crossing check points will continue to be more prevalent. The purpose of this research effort is to assist the Border Patrol in allocating its resources towards improved interdiction of illicit trafficking. Whether it is manpower, money, technology, or any other resource, the Border Patrol desires to efficiently allocate to maximize interdiction. This analysis is intended to suggest a tool that will assist in allocating resources and aid the extremely important effort to maintain El Paso, TX, as the safest city in the U.S. by keeping drugs away from the streets. This research presents a network flow model of the complex illicit trafficking network operating in the El Paso-Juarez area, and provides insight that will aid such agencies as the Border Patrol in allocating its resources.
Military Resource Allocation as a Set Covering Problem
Authors: Bates Alexander , Bell Zach , Mountford Alexander , Evangelista Paul 
Published: March 2021

Fixed location resource allocation modeled as a set covering problem is a classic integer program. This framework has been widely applied to emergency service resource allocation, and this paper extends this approach to military resource allocation. Using military air medical evacuation resource allocation in Afghanistan as a proof of concept, a methodology is presented that could easily extend to other operational environments and other military resource allocation problems. Unique contributions include clustering of enemy activity reports to support demand signal analysis and consideration of set covering requirements for varying demand signal density.
Consequence Management Assessment Method Synthesis for Combatant Commands
Authors: McDonald Kenneth , Malone Marshall , Fumerelle Alex , Oliver Madison , Ohlinger Mack 
Published: March 2021

One of the most important roles that the US fulfills in the global war on terror and their integration with Partner Nations (PNs) is minimizing the threats and effects of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) as well as Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and Explosive (CBRNE) attacks by enemy nations, rogue elements, or terrorist groups around the world. The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) currently implements an assessment framework for determining a PN’s state of CBRNE readiness, but it is unable to conceptualize that assessment at a regional or Combatant Command (CCMD) level. This research uses the Systems Decision Process (SDP) to create an assessment metric that is capable of synchronizing PN CBRNE readiness across a CCMD into a single assessment. This research is focused on developing an effective and flexible Microsoft Access database, which evaluates all global PNs across a wide array of metrics and then synthesizes them through multi-purpose objectives in order to develop an encompassing assessment framework at the CCMD level.
Developing Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping Techniques for Consequence Analysis of Second and Third Order Effects
Authors: McDonald Kenneth , Sanchez Derek , Voet Kenneth , Powis Ryan , Norris Joshua , Prins Rob 
Published: March 2021

The Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) is the Department of Defense’s (DOD) official Combat Support Agency for countering weapons of mass destruction (WMD). DTRA focuses on WMD and mitigating the consequences of a chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and high yield explosive threat (CBRNE). The initial direct effects of a CBRNE incident are well defined and documented; however, the second and third order effect’s are complex and not thoroughly understood or documented. Consequence analysis is the practice of analyzing the effects of major events such as a CBRNE event and can assist in predicting the second and third order effects. Currently there is no method to predict or analyze the second and third order effects of CBRNE events. This research focused on identifying the entities associated with a CBRNE event initially. The use of experts and surveys developed an exhaustive list of entities and associated realtionships. The follow-on research focused on the type and strength of the entity relationships. Next, Fuzzy Cognitive Mapping (FCM) techniques identify and evaluate the complex relationships of the second and third order effects. Using a mind mapping computer program, FCM techniques produced second and third order effect relationships. The final product provided a solid first attempt at analyzing a CBRNE event and the associated second and third order effects. Subsequent research will require greater effort to employ system dynamics techniques to enhance the product and develop a more thorough model.
Soldier Power Operational Benefit Analysis
Authors: Aten Coree , Michalowski Andrew , Williams Maurice , Stamm Cody , Evangelista Paul 
Published: March 2021

An operational benefit analysis of military small unit power (SUP) equipment is presented in detail. SUP equipment is designed to improve power generation, conservation, and overall power management strategies for dismounted military units. The operational benefit analysis examines four tactical scenarios and considers a naïve power management strategy and a SUP enabled power management strategy. The major findings and conclusions discussed in this paper include: specific conservation and generation strategies for select dismounted tactical scenarios; the importance of proper solar blanket employment; identification of a capability gap between 100W and 1000W in the power generation spectrum; the benefits of using conformal batteries; and the impact of inefficient PRC 154 battery swaps in the naïve case.
Optimizing Humanitarian Relief Operations with Transloads
Authors: Guadagno Kevin , Saval Kevin , Van Drew Quinn , Vasiliadis Sophia , Cho Philip , Pietz Jesse 
Published: March 2021

The 2010 earthquake in Haiti caused nearly 112,000 fatalities making it one of the deadliest natural disasters ever recorded in the western hemisphere. In the weeks following the disaster, the United States Air Force Air Mobility Command moved over 29,000 passengers and 18,000 tons of relief aid in support of the relief effort, Operation Unified Response. During the first 96 hours of the operation 59% of aircraft transporting relief aid to Haiti arrived late. In order to assist planners in responding to future disaster relief efforts, we introduce a mixed integer programming (MIP) model that reduces the time required to deliver available relief aid into Haiti. The aircraft routing schedule outputted by the model demonstrates that our optimized airlift network increases the amount of relief aid delivered in the first 96 hours of the operation. Due to issues with the tractability of the MIP, we introduce an aircraft routing heuristic for use in real-world humanitarian relief operations. We show that our heuristic is able to produce similar results to the optimization, provides greater flexibility to account for realistic planning considerations, and solves within seconds.
Systematic Pedagogy to Line Balancing with EXCEL
Authors: Lovejoy-Henkel Thomas , Lee Jimin , Parsons Donna , Yearout Robert DeWitt 
Published: March 2021

Over the past ten years, simple and inexpensive operations research software that is user friendly to the mentor, student, and instructor has become difficult to obtain. This is especially true since Emmons, Flowers, Khot, and Mathur’s STORM 4.0 for Windows is obsolete for current 32 and 64 bit operating systems and no longer in print. After a diligent product and literature search, it appears there is no adequate inexpensive software that is easily available. Assembly line balancing algorithms are heuristic methods used for balancing operations or production lines. However, most methods employ complex calculations that are challenging to the mentor and mentee. This paper presents a pedagogy from a systems approach using Microsoft EXCEL. The object is to prepare a spreadsheet file with four separate worksheets that are linked to the first worksheet. The step-by-step systematic approach allows the entry on the main worksheet of data such as an annual demand, annual time available, and process times. When the user changes these data entry points, the efficiencies of each operating or production line are automatically re-computed for all three shifts. Worksheets use one of the several available heuristics to compute cycle times (required time between process activities) and transfers it to one, two, or three shifts (worksheets two, three, or four). Once the spreadsheet and accompanying worksheets were completed, the results were compared to several different heuristic algorithms. When authors were satisfied that the results were accurate and not significantly different from other examined algorithms, the final step was to develop a working pedagogy to efficiently describe the process. This allows the user an efficient analytical tool to illustrate and explain interactions within a given process. A local manufacturing facility used this method as a part of a monthly effort to increase line efficiency for individual workstations. The project’s results were satisfactorily tested in a production operations class. The major advantage to the practitioner, engineer, instructor, and student is that EXCEL is readily available on all personal computers, easily understood, and is very practical. Students with very little exposure to line balancing were able to master the method within the first hour of exposure.