bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitude determination for nano-satellites – II. Dead reckoning with a multiplicative extended Kalman filter
Authors: Takátsy János , Bozóki Tamás , Dálya Gergely , Kapás Kornél , Mészáros László , Pál András 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper is the second part of a series of studies discussing a novel attitude determination method for nano-satellites. Our approach is based on the utilization of thermal imaging sensors to determine the direction of the Sun and the nadir with respect to the satellite with sub-degree accuracy. The proposed method is planned to be applied during the Cubesats Applied for MEasuring and LOcalising Transients (CAMELOT) mission aimed at detecting and localizing gamma-ray bursts with an efficiency and accuracy comparable to large gamma-ray space observatories. In our previous work we determined the spherical projection function of the MLX90640 infrasensors planned to be used for this purpose. We showed that with the known projection function the direction of the Sun can be located with an overall accuracy of $$\sim 40^\prime$$

∼

40
′

. In this paper we introduce a simulation model aimed at testing the applicability of our attitude determination approach. Its first part simulates the orbit and rotation of a satellite with arbitrary initial conditions while its second part applies our attitude determination algorithm which is based on a multiplicative extended Kalman filter. The simulated satellite is assumed to be equipped with a GPS system, MEMS gyroscopes and the infrasensors. These instruments provide the required data input for the Kalman filter. We demonstrate the applicability of our attitude determination algorithm by simulating the motion of a nano-satellite on Low Earth Orbit. Our results show that the attitude determination may have a 1$$\sigma$$
σ
error of $$\sim 30'$$

∼

30
′

even with a large gyroscope drift during the orbital periods when the infrasensors provide both the direction of the Sun and the Earth (the nadir). This accuracy is an improvement on the point source detection accuracy of the infrasensors. However, the attitude determination error can get as high as 25$$^{\circ }$$

∘

during periods when the Sun is occulted by the Earth. We show that following an occultation period the attitude information is immediately recovered by the Kalman filter once the Sun is observed again.
Complete chemical and structural characterization of selenium-incorporated hydroxyapatite
Authors: Alkan Baris , Durucan Caner 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHydroxyapatite (HAp) has long been used as synthetic bone tissue replacement material. Recent advances in this area have led to development of dual-functional bioceramics exhibiting high biocompability/osteoconductivity together with the therapeutic effect. Selenium, in that respect, is an effective therapeutic agent with promising antioxidant activity and anticancer effects. In this study, selenium-incorporated hydroxyapatite (HAp:Se) particles have been synthesized by modified aqueous precipitation method using calcium (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O) and phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4) salts and sodium selenite (Na2SeO3). The effects of selenium incorporation and post-synthesis calcination treatment (900–1100 °C) on physical, chemical properties and crystal structure of resultant HAp powders have been investigated. Complete chemical identification was performed with spectroscopical analyses including Fourier transform infrared and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to elucidate the mechanism and chemical nature of selenium incorporation in HAp. Meanwhile, detailed x-ray diffraction studies by Rietveld refinement have conducted to explain changes in the HAp crystal structure upon selenium incorporation.
On the Stability and Null-Controllability of an Infinite System of Linear Differential Equations
Authors: Azamov Abdulla , Ibragimov Gafurjan , Mamayusupov Khudoyor , Ruziboev Marks 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this work, the null controllability problem for a linear system in ℓ2 is considered, where the matrix of a linear operator describing the system is an infinite matrix with $\lambda \in \mathbb {R}$
λ
∈
ℝ
on the main diagonal and 1s above it. We show that the system is asymptotically stable if and only if λ ≤− 1, which shows the fine difference between the finite and the infinite-dimensional systems. When λ ≤− 1 we also show that the system is null controllable in large. Further we show a dependence of the stability on the norm, i.e. the same system considered $\ell ^{\infty }$

ℓ

∞

is not asymptotically stable if λ = − 1.
Longitudinal Associations between Parental Support and Parental Knowledge on Behavioral and Emotional Problems in Adolescents
Authors: Cutrín Olalla , Maneiro Lorena , Chowdhury Yasmynn , Kulis Stephen S. , Marsiglia Flavio F. , Gómez Fraguela José Antonio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWhen testing longitudinal effects of parenting practices on adolescent adjustment, an integrated consideration of externalizing and internalizing behaviors is a gap in research. This study analyzed how parental support and parental knowledge directly and indirectly influence both antisocial behavior and emotional problems. The sample had 642 adolescents aged 12-15 (mean age = 12.49; 45.4% females) from Spain, who participated in a three-year long study. The results showed longitudinal bidirectional associations between parental support and parental knowledge. Only parental knowledge, however, directly predicted antisocial behavior and emotional problems. Parental support had an indirect effect on outcomes through the mediating effect of parental knowledge. This study has practical implications by indicating that increasing parental knowledge should be the target of educational-prevention programs.
Quantifying and predicting population connectivity of an outbreaking forest insect pest
Authors: Larroque Jeremy , Wittische Julian , James Patrick M. A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractContextDispersal has a key role in the population dynamics of outbreaking species such as the spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana) as it can synchronize the demography of distant populations and favor the transition from endemic to epidemic states. However, we know very little about how landscape structure influences dispersal in such systems while such knowledge is essential for better forecasting of spatially synchronous population dynamics and to guide management strategies.ObjectivesWe aimed to characterize the spatial environmental determinants of spruce budworm dispersal to determine how these features affect outbreak spread in Quebec (Canada). We then apply our findings to predict expected future landscape connectivity and explore its potential consequences on future outbreaks.MethodsWe used a machine-learning landscape genetics approach on 447 larvae covering most of the outbreak area and genotyped at 3562 SNP loci to identify the main variables affecting connectivity.ResultsWe found that the connectivity between outbreak populations was driven by the combination of precipitation and host cover. Our forecasting suggests that between the current and next outbreaks, connectivity may increase between Ontario and Quebec, and might decrease in the eastern part, which could have the effect of limiting outbreak spread from Ontario and Quebec to the eastern provinces.ConclusionsAlthough we did not identify any discrete barriers, low connectivity areas might constrain dispersal in the current and future outbreaks and should in turn, be intensively monitored. However, continued sampling as the outbreak progresses is needed to confirm the temporal stability of the observed patterns.
Accelerated hyper-versus normofractionated radiochemotherapy with temozolomide in patients with glioblastoma: a multicenter retrospective analysis
Authors: Klement Rainer J. , Popp Ilinca , Kaul David , Ehret Felix , Grosu Anca L. , Polat Bülent , Sweeney Reinhart A. , Lewitzki Victor 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background and purpose
The standard treatment of glioblastoma patients consists of surgery followed by normofractionated radiotherapy (NFRT) with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy. Whether accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (HFRT) yields comparable results to NFRT in combination with temozolomide has only sparsely been investigated. The objective of this study was to compare NFRT with HFRT in a multicenter analysis.

Materials and methods
A total of 484 glioblastoma patients from four centers were retrospectively pooled and analyzed. Three-hundred-ten and 174 patients had been treated with NFRT (30 × 1.8 Gy or 30 × 2 Gy) and HFRT (37 × 1.6 Gy or 30 × 1.8 Gy twice/day), respectively. The primary outcome of interest was overall survival (OS) which was correlated with patient-, tumor- and treatment-related variables via univariable and multivariable Cox frailty models. For multivariable modeling, missing covariates were imputed using multiple imputation by chained equations, and a sensitivity analysis was performed on the complete-cases-only dataset.

Results
After a median follow-up of 15.7 months (range 0.8–88.6 months), median OS was 16.9 months (15.0–18.7 months) in the NFRT group and 14.9 months (13.2–17.3 months) in the HFRT group (p = 0.26). In multivariable frailty regression, better performance status, gross-total versus not gross-total resection, MGMT hypermethylation, IDH mutation, smaller planning target volume and salvage therapy were significantly associated with longer OS (all p < 0.01). Treatment differences (HFRT versus NFRT) had no significant effect on OS in either univariable or multivariable analysis.

Conclusions
Since HFRT with temozolomide was not associated with worse OS, we assume HFRT to be a potential option for patients wishing to shorten their treatment time.
Using the Isalos platform to develop a (Q)SAR model that predicts metal oxide toxicity utilizing facet-based electronic, image analysis-based, and periodic table derived properties as descriptors
Authors: Thwala M. M. , Afantitis A. , Papadiamantis A. G. , Tsoumanis A. , Melagraki G. , Dlamini L. N. , Ouma C. N. M. , Ramasami P. , Harris R. , Puzyn T. , Sanabria N. , Lynch I. , Gulumian M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEngineered nanoparticles (NPs) are being studied for their potential to harm humans and the environment. Biological activity, toxicity, physicochemical properties, fate, and transport of NPs must all be evaluated and/or predicted. In this work, we explored the influence of metal oxide nanoparticle facets on their toxicity towards bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B), Murine myeloid (RAW 264.7), and E. coli cell lines. To estimate the toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles grown to a low facet index, a quantitative structure–activity relationship ((Q)SAR) approach was used. The novel model employs theoretical (density functional theory calculations) and experimental studies (transmission electron microscopy images from which several particle descriptors are extracted and toxicity data extracted from the literature) to investigate the properties of faceted metal oxides, which are then utilized to construct a toxicity model. The classification mode of the k-nearest neighbour algorithm (EnaloskNN, Enalos Chem/Nanoinformatics) was used to create the presented model for metal oxide cytotoxicity. Four descriptors were identified as significant: core size, chemical potential, enthalpy of formation, and electronegativity count of metal oxides. The relationship between these descriptors and metal oxide facets is discussed to provide insights into the relative toxicities of the nanoparticle. The model and the underpinning dataset are freely available on the NanoSolveIT project cloud platform and the NanoPharos database, respectively.
Sustainability improvement in complex systems composed of products and services
Authors: Biedermann Anna , López Natalia Muñoz , Sáenz José Luis Santolaya , Martín José Ignacio Valero 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose
A wide number of research efforts have been carried out over the last decades to assess and improve system sustainability. Different methods and tools are increasingly implemented in product systems; nevertheless its application to services and other systems, in which products and services are combined, is rather limited. In this work, an approach to improve the sustainability of systems composed of products and services (P + S systems) is proposed and implemented in two case studies.

Methods
The sustainability improvement of P + S systems is addressed integrating different methods and approaches. The flows between system approach is used to identify links between all systems involved. The life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) method is applied to simultaneously evaluate environmental, economic and social aspects of sustainability with a life cycle perspective. In addition, sustainable design principles are taken into account to propose effective improvement strategies. The systematic development of four phases is required to carry out the integration of these approaches: (i) identification of links between involved systems; (ii) sustainability assessment of the P + S system; (iii) application of sustainability strategies; and (iv) sustainability results comparison.

Results and discussion
Two different P + S systems are analysed. First, sustainability improvements in the service provided by a clothing boutique are proposed, taking into account that the store where the service is developed and the clothes acquired by the service provider are product systems involved in the service operation. Next, the sustainability of an itinerary exhibition is investigated. Products required for the exhibition space layout as well as the service used to transport all materials between different locations are taken into account. In each case, sustainability indicators obtained in both initial and alternative systems are compared, and variations detected due to strategies applied are analysed.

Conclusions
Sustainability of P + S systems is evaluated using a set of quantitative indicators, the relative incidence of each system is determined and more sustainable alternatives are projected. Thus, this research supposes an advance towards the sustainable design of complex systems composed of products and services, since effects due to the interconnection between systems are studied and criteria to carry out sustainability-oriented decision making are provided.
Detecting computer-generated disinformation
Authors: Stiff Harald , Johansson Fredrik 
Published: December 2021

AbstractModern neural language models can be used by malicious actors to automatically produce textual content looking as it has been written by genuine human users. Due to progress in the controllability of computer-generated text, there is a risk that state-sponsored actors may start using such methods for conducting large-scale information operations. Various detection algorithms have been suggested in the research literature to identify texts produced by language model-based generators, but these are often mainly evaluated on test data from the same distribution as they have been trained on. We evaluate promising Transformer-based detection algorithms in a large variety of experiments involving both in-distribution and out-of-distribution test data, as well as evaluation on more realistic in-the-wild data. It is shown that the generalizability of the detectors can be questioned, especially when applied to short social media posts. Moreover, the best performing (RoBERTa-based) detector is shown to be non-robust also to basic adversarial attacks, illustrating how easy it is for malicious actors to avoid detection by the current state-of-the-art detection algorithms.
Analysis of the NOx storage behaviour during cold start of modern SCR flow-through substrates and SCR on-filter substrates
Authors: Lukas Deinhofer , Michael Maurer , Gert Barnstedt , Andreas Keber 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSelective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems are the state-of-the-art technology to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx) of modern diesel engines. The system behaviour is well understood in the common temperature working area. However, the system properties below light-off temperature are less well known and offer a wide scope for further investigations. Vehicle measurements show that under specific conditions during cold start, NOx can be partially stored and converted on on-filter and flow-through SCR catalysts. The purpose of this work was in a first step to analyse the main influence parameters on the NOx storage behaviour. Therefore, synthetic gas test bench measurements have been carried out, varying the gas concentrations, temperature, and gas hourly space velocity (GHSV). These investigations showed that the NOx storage effect strongly depends on the NH3 level stored in the catalyst, GHSV, the adsorbed water (H2O) on the catalyst, and the temperature of the catalyst. Further influence parameters such as the gas composition with focus on carbon monoxide (CO), short-chain hydrocarbons and long-chain hydrocarbons have been analysed on a synthetic gas test bench. Depending on operating conditions, a significant amount of NOx can be stored on a dry catalyst during the cold start phase. The water vapor from the combustion condenses on the cold exhaust pipe during the first seconds, or up to a few minutes after a cold start. As the water vapor reaches the surface of the catalyst, it condenses and adsorbs onto it, leading to a sudden temperature rise. This exothermal reaction causes the stored NOx to be desorbed, and furthermore it is partially reduced by the NH3 stored in the catalyst.
The Italian energy transition in a multilevel system: between reinforcing dynamics and institutional constraints
Authors: Di Nucci Maria Rosaria , Prontera Andrea 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe article analyses drivers as well as coordination mechanisms and instruments for the energy transition in Italy from a multilevel governance perspective. It addresses the structural constraints that influenced the decision-making processes and organisation of the Italian energy sector and the socio-technical challenges opened up by enhancing renewables. The current energy system is making the move from a centralised, path-dependent institutional and organisational structure to a more fragmented and pluralistic one. Renewables and decentralised patterns of production and consumption are key elements of this paradigmatic shift, which is paralleled by a multiplication of decision-making arenas and actors. These actors follow different interests, problem understandings and green growth narratives, increasing the complexity of governing the energy transition. Against this background, community-based renewable energy policy is assuming a very important role and Italy is putting efforts to establish an enabling framework in line with the requirements of the European Union. The goal of this strategy is to foster a positive link between acceptance of the energy transition and decentralised local activities. In the conclusion we address problems and barriers to new modes of governance, and discuss possible approaches to improved cooperation.
Scale effect on territorial disparities of sustainable human development in Morocco: a spatial analysis
Authors: Ibourk Aomar , Raoui Soukaina 
Published: December 2021

AbstractConcretizing the input of Morocco’s advanced regionalization project, which aims to reduce territorial disparities for sustainable human development, is a cornerstone for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Alongside the implementation of this project, we carried out a multiscale study of the scope of human development disparities in Morocco based on the new engineering of the territorial division across twelve regions, seventy-five provinces, and fifteen hundred communes. The study aimed to test the effect of scale modification to identify spatial concentrations through the communal human development index. The level of human development of a country is assessed through the convergence of its local HDI. We tested the scaling effect in 2004 and 2017 to determine the state of convergence of human development indicators. The spatial autocorrelation results showed that the distribution of capabilities at the communal scale remained concentrated in Morocco. Areas near developed communes follow the same pattern, at the expense of more distant areas. After the spatial configuration of advanced regionalization was undertaken, there was a decrease in regional and provincial disparities. This outcome is less notable at the communal level. Focusing on the microscale consequently becomes a preferable way to reduce inequalities in sustainable human development. Therefore, for the success and effectiveness of the advanced regionalization project in particular and for the achievement of the SDGs in general, spatial equity remains a necessary condition for the convergence of sustainable human development actions at the microscale.
Specific Regulation of m6A by SRSF7 Promotes the Progression of Glioblastoma
Authors: Cun Yixian , An Sanqi , Zheng Haiqing , Lan Jing , Chen Wenfang , Luo Wanjun , Yao Chengguo , Li Xincheng , Huang Xiang , Sun Xiang , Wu Zehong , Hu Yameng , Li Ziwen , Zhang Shuxia , Wu Geyan , Yang Meisongzhu , Tang Miaoling , Yu Ruyuan , Liao Xinyi , Gao Guicheng , Zhao Wei , Wang Jinkai , Li Jun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 7 (SRSF7), a known splicing factor, has been revealed to play oncogenic roles in multiple cancers. However, the mechanisms underlying its oncogenic roles have not been well addressed. Here, based on N 6-methyladenosine (m 6 A) co-methylation network analysis across diverse cell lines, we find that the gene expression of SRSF7 is positively correlated with glioblastoma (GBM) cell-specific m6A methylation. We then indicate that SRSF7 is a novel m6A regulator, which specifically facilitates the m6A methylation near its binding sites on the mRNAs involved in cell proliferation and migration, through recruiting the methyltransferase complex. Moreover, SRSF7 promotes the proliferation and migration of GBM cells largely dependent on the presence of the m6A methyltransferase. The two m6A sites on the mRNA for PDZ-binding kinase (PBK) are regulated by SRSF7 and partially mediate the effects of SRSF7 in GBM cells through recognition by insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2). Together, our discovery reveals a novel role of SRSF7 in regulating m6A and validates the presence and functional importance of temporal- and spatial-specific regulation of m6A mediated by RNA-binding proteins (RBPs).
RADIOCARBON IN GLOBAL TROPOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE
Authors: Levin Ingeborg , Hammer Samuel , Kromer Bernd , Preunkert Susanne , Weller Rolf , Worthy Douglas E 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTSince the 1950s, observations of radiocarbon (14C) in tropospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) have been conducted in both hemispheres, documenting the so-called nuclear “bomb spike” and its transfer into the oceans and the terrestrial biosphere, the two compartments permanently exchanging carbon with the atmosphere. Results from the Heidelberg global network of Δ14C-CO2 observations are revisited here with respect to the insights and quantitative constraints they provided on these carbon exchange fluxes. The recent development of global and hemispheric trends of Δ14C-CO2 are further discussed in regard to their suitability to continue providing constraints for 14C-free fossil CO2 emission changes on the global and regional scale.