bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AKIBAT HUKUM BAGI KONSORSIUM YANG DIPUTUS BERSALAH DALAM PERKARA KOMISI PENGAWAS PERSAINGAN USAHA (KPPU)
Authors: Pradhana Wisnu Aji , Pujiyono ' 
Published: February 2021

<p>Abstract<br />The purpose of this article is to examine and analyze legal consequences for the Consortium who were found guilty in the case of the KPPU’s decision. This research is a normative or doctrinal with prescriptive and applied properties. The writing uses secondary data as the type of data. The legal material collection technique of this research is by studying documents or library studies conducted by collecting legal materials both primary and secondary, then read, studied and analyzed to answer legal problems as a support for this research. The KPPU’s decision to make the Consortium as one of the reported entities resulted in legal consequences for the consortium. Legal consequences in unfair competition and prohibition of monopoly in Indonesia are not only administrative sanctions and civil sanctions, but there are also criminal sanctions in the form of fines and imprisonment as a substitute for fines.<br />Keywords: Legal Consequences; Konsorsiu; KPPU; Legal Subjects</p><p>Abstrak<br />Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa Akibat Hukum Bagi Konsorsium yang di Putus Bersalah dalam perkara Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif atau doktrinal dengan sifat preskriptif dan terapan. Jenis data atau bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah dengan studi dokumen atau studi kepustakaan yang dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan bahan hukum. Putusan KPPU yang menjadikan Konsorsium sebagai satu entitas terlapor mengakibatkan akibat hukum bagi konsorsium. Akibat Hukum dalam persaingan udaha tidak sehat dan larangan monopoli di Indonesia tidak hanya sanksi administratif dan sanksi perdata, akan tetapi terdapat pula sanksi pidana berupa denda dan pidana kurungan penganti denda.<br />Kata Kunci: Akibat Hukum;Konsorsium; KPPU; Subyek Hukum</p>
AKIBAT HUKUM YANG DITIMBULKAN MENGENAI CRYPTOCURRENCY SEBAGAI ALAT PEMBAYARAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Dwicaksana Haruli , Pujiyono . 
Published: February 2021

<p>Abstract<br />This article aims to know the use of cryptocurrency can replace conventional money as a means of payment in Indonesia. This article belongs to the type of normative legal research that is prescriptive to produce a new concept in resolving the problems faced by supported by a legal approach and a case approach. The data used is secondary data with primary binding and fundamental material. Data collection techniques using library studies. The data analysis technique used by the authors is a silogism analysis. The results showed that cryptocurrencies are difficult to substitute for conventional currency use as a means of payment in Indonesia because there is no centralized authority governing as well as the value of a relatively unstable cryptocurrency from Conventional currency that has been circulating in Indonesia is the rupiah, it is difficult to use cryptocurrency as a means of payment at the least level of Use daily.<br />Keywords: Payment Tools; Paymeny Systems; Conventional Currency; Cryptocurrency.</p><p>Abstrak<br />Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan cryptocurrency dapat menggantikan uang konvensional sebagai alat pembayaran di Indonesia. Artikel ini termasuk ke dalam jenis penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat preskriptif untuk menghasilkan konsep baru dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan yang dihadapi, didukung dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan kasus. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder dengan bahan hukum primer yang sifatnya mengikat dan mendasar. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan penulis merupakan analisis silogisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cryptocurrency sulit untuk menggantikan kegunaan mata uang konvensional sebagai alat pembayaran di Indonesia karena tidak ada otoritas terpusat yang mengatur serta nilai dari cryptocurrency yang relatif tidak stabil dari mata uang konvensional yang sudah beredar di Indonesia yaitu rupiah, maka sulit untuk menggunakan cryptocurrency sebagai alat pembayaran di tingkat paling kecil yaitu penggunaan sehari-hari.<br />Kata Kunci: Alat Pembayaran; Sistem Pembayaran; Uang Konvensional; Cryptocurrency.</p>
PENYUSUNAN PERJANJIAN KERJA ANTARA PEMAIN SEPAK BOLAPROFESIONAL DENGAN KLUB PERSIS SOLO
Authors: Faizal T.A. Muhammad , Suryono Arief 
Published: February 2021

<p>Abstract<br />This article Aims to find out, describe, and analysis the cooperation agreement process between football players with Persis Solo football club. This research uses the normative legal approach. The research was prescriptive or applied. The research approach used by the authors is by the legislation approach. The legal material used by the authors is the primary legal material and secondary legal material. The techniques of collecting legal materials authors using literature study techniques and technical analysis techniques using silogism methods. Process agreement between the club exactly with the player is a process of agreement made unilaterally (the club) by using the standard professional contract PSSI. The agreement has qualified the terms of the agreement set forth in article 1320 of the KUH Perdata. The agreement also qualifies for a specific employment contract, in which the agreement must be made in writing.<br />Keywords: Agreements; Employment Contracts; Football Players; Football Clubs</p><p>Abstrak<br />Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, mendeskripsikan, dan menganalisa proses perjanjian kerjasama antara atlet pemain sepakbola dengan Klub Persis Solo. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian ini bersifat preskriptif atau terapan. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah dengan pendekatan Perundang-undangan. Bahan hukum yang digunakan penulis adalah bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum penulis menggunakan teknik studi kepustakaan dan teknik analisis bahan hukum menggunakan metode silogisme. Proses perjanjian antara klub Persis dengan pemainnya merupakan proses perjanjian yang dibuat secara sepihak (klub) dengan menggunakan standar kontrak profesional PSSI. Perjanjian tersebut telah memenuhi syarat sahnya perjanjian yang diatur dalam Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata. Perjanjian tersebut juga telah memenuhi syarat perjanjian kerja waktu tertentu (PKWT), dimana perjanjian harus dibuat dengan cara tertulis. <br />Kata Kunci: Perjanjian; Perjanjian Kerja; Pemain Sepakbola; Klub Sepakbola</p>
PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS PERUSAHAAN DAN PEMBATALAN PERJANJIAN PERDAMAIAN TERHADAP KEPAILITAN PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Putri Hasan Naomi Adinda , Suryono Arief 
Published: February 2021

<p>Abstract<br />This article aims to find out how companies that have good liquidity can be bankrupt and the consequences of canceling Accord and satisfaction based on Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Delaying Obligations of Debt Payments. This normative legal research is prescriptive in that it uses a statutory approach. The types of data used include: secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. Data collection techniques carried out are library research techniques or document studies. Bankruptcy when associated with company liquidity where a company with good liquidity should be able to fulfill its debt obligations, but the bankruptcy of the company is not based on it, but an aspect where when the debtor defaults, the bankruptcy process at the company can be carried out. When default occurs in a accord agreement where there are creditors who request cancellation and are accepted, it automatically results in the bankruptcy of the company, regardless of the financial condition of the company. Bankruptcy also implies that the company is replaced by the Curator to manage the company.<br />Keyword: Bankruptcy; Liquidity; Accord and Satisfaction Agreement</p><p>Abstrak<br />Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perusahaan yang berlikuiditas baik dapat dipailitkan serta konsekuensi dari pembatalan perjanjian perdamaian berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang. Penelitian hukum normative ini bersifat preskriptif yang menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undang. Jenis data yang digunakan antara lain: data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah teknik penelitian kepustakaan atau studi dokumen. Kepailitan jika dikaitkan dengan likuiditas perusahaan dimana perusahaan dengan likuiditas yang baik semestinya mampu memenuhi kewajiban utangnya, akan tetapi pailitnya perusahaan bukan didasarkan pada hal tersebut, melainkan aspek dimana ketika debitur wanprestasi, maka proses kepailitan pada perusahaan dapat dilakukan. Ketika wanprestasi terjadi dalam perjanjian perdamaian dimana ada kreditur yang memohon pembatalannya dan diterima maka secara otomatis berakibat pada pailitnya perusahaan tersebut, terlepas dari keadaan financial perusahaan. Kepailitan juga berimpilkasi pada operasional perusahaan yang selanjutnya digantikan oleh Kurator untuk mengelola perusahaan.<br />Kata Kunci: Kepailitan; Likuiditas; Perjanjian Perdamaian</p>
KEDUDUKAN HUKUM PERJANJIAN KREDIT DENGAN JAMINAN TEMPAT USAHA
Authors: Putra Pratama Rheza Narendra , Suraji , 
Published: February 2021

<p>Abstract<br />This article discusses the legal standing of credit agreement with business place as the collateral. This study uses normative or doctrinal legal research methods that act prescriptively and applied. This study uses sources of primary and secondary legal materials. The analysis technique used is the syllogism method that uses deductive thinking patterns. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded. Credit agreement with business place as collateral commonly found nowadays. Mostly micro small and medium business operators as the debtors who have limited capital and limited ownership of object which could burdened by institutionalized collateral rights legally. Whereas, generally business place which proposed as the collateral not owned by the business operators but owned by other party. Practically bank as creditors agreed these credit lending because it has good economic value. Conseuently the legality of these credit agreement as the basis and the business place as the collateral be important.<br />Keywords: Legal Standing; Credit Agreement; Collateral; Business Place</p><p>Abstrak<br />Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedudukan hukum perjanjian kredit atau utang piutang yang disertai jaminan berupa tempat usaha. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif atau doktrinal yang bersifat preskriptif dan teknis. Penelitian ini menggunakan sumber bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu dengan metode silogisme yang menggunakan pola berpikir deduktif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa perjanjian kredit dengan bentuk seperti ini jamak ditemui praktiknya sekarang ini. Biasanya yang bertindak sebagai debitor merupakan pemilik usaha mikro kecil dan menengah yang memiliki keterbatasan modal dan keterbatasan kepemilikan benda yang bisa dibebani hak jaminan yang sudah terinstitusionalisasi secara hukum. Padahal biasanya tempat usaha yang diajukan menjadi jaminan bukan merupakan kepemilikan langsung dari para pelaku usaha, akan tetapi milik pihak lain. Praktiknya bank sebagai kreditor juga menyetujui pemberian kredit seperti ini karena dianggap memiliki nilai ekonomis yang baik. Oleh karena itu aspek legalitas perjanjian kredit yang mendasarinya serta tempat usaha yang dijadikan jaminan menjadi penting.<br />Kata Kunci: Kedudukan Hukum; Perjanjian Kredit; Jaminan; Tempat Usaha</p>
Neurotoxicity of Ortho-Phthalates: Recommendations for Critical Policy Reforms to Protect Brain Development in Children
Authors: Engel Stephanie M. , Patisaul Heather B. , Brody Charlotte , Hauser Russ , Zota Ami R. , Bennet Deborah H. , Swanson Maureen , Whyatt Robin M. 
Published: February 2021

Robust data from longitudinal birth cohort studies and experimental studies of perinatally exposed animals indicate that exposure to ortho-phthalates can impair brain development and increase risks for learning, attention, and behavioral disorders in childhood. This growing body of evidence, along with known adverse effects on male reproductive tract development, calls for immediate action. Exposures are ubiquitous; the majority of people are exposed to multiple ortho-phthalates simultaneously. We thus recommend that a class approach be used in assessing health impacts as has been done with other chemical classes. We propose critically needed policy reforms to eliminate ortho-phthalates from products that lead to exposure of pregnant women, women of reproductive age, infants, and children. Specific attention should be focused on reducing exposures among socially vulnerable populations such as communities of color, who frequently experience higher exposures. Ortho-phthalates are used in a vast array of products and elimination will thus necessitate a multipronged regulatory approach at federal and state levels. The fact that manufacturers and retailers have already voluntarily removed ortho-phthalates from a wide range of products indicates that this goal is feasible.
Trends in Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking in Brazil: 2006–2019
Authors: Maia Emanuella Gomes , Stopa Sheila Rizzato , de Oliveira Santos Roberta , Claro Rafael Moreira 
Published: February 2021

Objectives. To analyze trends in cigarette smoking among Brazilian adults from 2006 to 2019.Methods. We performed a time-series analysis based on data from the Surveillance of Risk and Protective Factors for Chronic Diseases Telephone Survey (n = 730 309). We calculated the annual prevalence of current cigarette smokers, heavy smokers, and passive smokers in the workplace and investigated linear trends using Prais–Winsten regression, for the entire period and for the past 5 years. We performed the analyses for the total population and according to the sociodemographic characteristics.Results. The prevalence of cigarette smoking, heavy smoking, and passive smoking in the workplace declined, respectively, an average of 3.99% per year, 5.65% per year, and 6.55% per year from 2006 to 2019. We observed this reduction regardless of gender, age, educational level, and geographic region. The magnitude of reduction in the prevalence of current cigarette smoking decreased in the past 5 years, while the magnitude of the change in heavy smoking increased.Conclusions. The prevalence of cigarette smoking decreased in the time period studied. The smaller magnitude of reduction for current cigarette smoking in the most recent years might indicate a fatigue with the current policy scenario.
Hypoxia-related gene FUT11 promoted pancreatic cancer progression via maintaining the stabilization of PDK1
Authors: Cao Wenpeng , Zeng Zhirui , Pan Runsang , He Zhiwei , Wu Hao , Zhang Xiangyan , Chen Hui , Nie Yingjie , Yu Zijiang , Lei Shan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Hypoxia participated in the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer (PC). However, genes associated with hypoxia respond and their regulated mechanism in PC cells were unclear. The current research was aimed to illuminate the role and hypoxia regulated mechanism of fucosyltransferase 11 (FUT11) in the progression of PC.
Methods

After predicting FUT11 as a key hypoxia associated gene in PC using bioinformatics analysis. The expression of FUT11 in PC using quantitative real-time fluorescent PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry. The effects of FUT11 on PC cells proliferation and migration under normoxia and hypoxia were detected using Cell Counting Kit 8, 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine assay, colony formation assay and transwell assay. Spleen capsule injected liver metastasis and subcutaneously injected model were performed to confirm the effects of FUT11 in vivo. Furthermore, western blot, luciferase assay and immunoprecipitation were performed to explore the regulated relationship among FUT11, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) in PC.
Results

FUT11 was markedly increased of PC cells in hypoxia, up-regulated in the PC clinical tissues, and predicted a poor outcome. Inhibition of FUT11 reduced PC cell growth and mobility of PC cells under normoxia and hypoxia conditions in vitro, and growth and mobility in vivo. FUT11 bind with PDK1 and regulated the expression PDK1 under normoxia and hypoxia. FUT11 knockdown significantly increased the degradation rate of PDK1 under hypoxia, while treatment with MG132 can relieve the degradation of PDK1 induced by FUT11 knockdown. Overexpression of PDK1 in PC cells under hypoxia conditions reversed the suppressiv impacts of FUT11 knockdown on PC cell growth and mobility. In addition, HIF1α bound to the enhancer of FUT11 and increased its expression, as well as co-expressing with FUT11 in PC tissues. Furthermore, overexpress of FUT11 partially rescued the suppressiv effects of HIF1α knockdown on PC cell growth and mobility in hypoxia conditions.
Conclusion

Our data further implicate that hypoxia-induced FUT11 in PC contributes to proliferation and metastasis by maintaining the stability of PDK1, and suggest FUT11 maybe a novel and effective target for treatment of pancreatic cancer.
The efficiency and mechanism of vermicompost in enhancing the composting of swine manure as an additive
Authors: Hao Xiaoxia , Ma Xinyuan , Bai Lin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Vermicompost was used as an additive in swine manure composting, and the expression of bacterial functional genes on biotransformation of nutrient was investigated. Results showed that vermicompost extended the thermophilic period to 12 days, decreased the NH4+ -N/NO3− -N ratio to 0.85 and increased GI value to 166%. With vermicompost addition, higher relative abundances of Firmicutes were observed in substrate at the beginning. The dominant phyla of Proteobacteria was decreased in thermophilic stage, as well as its pathogenic related genera Acinetobacter and Stenotrophomonas, while the potentially beneficial genera Actinomadura and Chryseolinea were increased. And the activities of primary functional genes associated with metabolisms of carbohydrate, amino acid and xenobiotics at the level 2 and fatty acid metabolism at the level 3 were enhanced during the thermophilic phase. Besides, most dominant genera showed strengthened correlations with NO3−-N and GI with vermicompost amendment, and they were the strongest environmental factors for bacterial communities. Network analysis showed dominant genera Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas Oceanobacter associated metabolic pathways increased from two to three with vermicompost added in substrate. These results indicated that vermicompost promoted the composting efficiency by increasing the potentially beneficial bacteria, decreasing pathogenic bacteria and enhancing the metabolic capacity of bacterial communities.
Multiple abiotic and biotic drivers of soil water storage capacity in temperate forests recovering from disturbances
Authors: Liu Shufang , Yuan Zuoqiang , Ali Arshad , Sanaei Anvar , Ding Fan , Zheng Di , Fang Shuai , Jia Zhaojie , Tao Zhao , Lin Fei , Ye Ji , Wang Xugao , Hao Zhanqing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background and aims

Soil water storage capacity acts as a vital forest function to intercept rainfall and retain water for plant growth processes. However, whether or how plant functional trait diversity and composition regulate soil water storage capacity remains poorly understood.
Methods

Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to detect the direct and indirect effects of multiple biotic (i.e., functional trait composition and functional diversity) and abiotic (topography and soil organic carbon) factors on soil water storage capacity, i.e., in terms of soil capillary water storage content (CW), soil non-capillary water storage content (NCW), and soil saturated water storage content (TSW), in temperate forests recovering from different logging disturbance intensity levels.
Results

The community-weighted mean of specific leaf area (CWMSLA) increased CW but decreased NCW directly, whereas improved NCW and TSW indirectly via soil organic carbon. Disturbance influenced soil water storage capacity mainly in indirect ways via promoting CWMSLA and soil organic carbon. Elevation increased NCW and TSW but decreased CW directly, and it also had indirect effects on soil water storage capacity via decreasing CWMSLA and soil organic carbon. Moreover, soil organic carbon influenced NCW and TSW directly or mediated the effects of elevation, disturbance, and CWMSLA on soil water storage capacity.
Conclusions

The quick return on investments trait of CWMSLA shows a positive effect on soil water storage capacity (CW and TSW), supporting the mass ratio mechanism in temperate forests recovering from disturbances. Soil organic carbon also presents additional importance to soil water storage capacity.
Selection of tobacco etch virus protease variants with enhanced oxidative stability for tag-removal in refolding of two disulfide-rich proteins
Authors: Enkhtuya Bayar , Ren Yuanyuan , Hu Yafang , Chen Yinghua , Hu Jiong , Yu Xuelian , Wang Weiyu , Fan Jun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Tobacco etch virus protease (TEVp) is a powerful enzymatic reagent for removing fusion tag. In this work, we constructed nine TEVp variants with introducing one to three mutations of C19S, C110S and C130S into the soluble TEVp variant, TEVp5M. Using the C-terminal green fluorescent protein (GFP) variant reporter, all constructs showed different solubility levels among four E. coli strains. The TEVp5M containing the C110S and/or C130S mutations in the hyperoxic strain showed the enhanced the cleavage activity. Addition of dithiothreitol to the cultural medium increased the activity of certain constructs produced in the BL21(DE3), contrary to the added hydrogen peroxide, due to cytoplasmic redox change measured by the redox sensitive GFP construct. The more cysteine residues in the purified TEVp5M were modified specifically than those in the other variants. All purified constructs showed similar specific activities in the presence of 5 mM dithiothreitol. In the buffer containing the compounds to aid disulfide bond formation of the refolded protein, the double mutant TEVp5MC110S/C130S exhibited the highest cleavage efficiency. This variant was efficient for removing the fusion tag after refolding of cellulose-binding module tagged disulfide-rich proteins including bovine enteropeptidase and maize peroxidase absorbed on the regenerated amorphous cellulose.