bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Republican Queen
Authors: Akkerman Nadine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
After five months on the run, Frederick and Elizabeth arrived in The Hague where the States General rented them a house - for three days. The couple, however, stayed put, showing no sign of leaving for England: the Stuart resident ambassador, Sir Dudley Carleton, was under instructions to keep them in the Dutch Republic. They furnished their court with leftovers from the English Royal Wardrobe, as well as items bought in Amsterdam. For Frederick, The Hague was the base from which he could organise his military campaigns and expedite a return to the Palatinate, if not Bohemia. Frederick put up a diplomatic facade, signing an armistice while on the run as James demanded, while simultaneously engaging mercenaries who had no truce with the Emperor and could fight under their different banners. The two most important of these, Ernest von Mansfeld and Christian of Brunswick, did not get along, but their joint efforts soon led to results: by April 1622, Frederick had travelled in disguise to the Palatinate to join his men, while Elizabeth gave birth to another daughter, Louise Hollandine. A series of disasters followed: the Battle of Höchst in which Elizabeth’s lady-in-waiting Elizabeth Dudley lost her husband of weeks, and the losses of Heidelberg and Mannheim. Meanwhile, to make matters even worse in Elizabeth’s eyes, James had started negotiations with Isabella Clara Eugenia, the governess of the Spanish Netherlands, to give Elizabeth’s dower Frankenthal into her protection. When Frederick returned to The Hague, beaten, only Frankenthal remained.
Military Manoeuvres
Authors: Akkerman Nadine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
On 25 February 1623, at Ratisbonne, the Emperor publically announced that the Palatinate Electorship had been transferred to Maximilian I, Duke of Bavaria. On 29 March 1623, James signed Frankenthal away to Isabella with a clause that she would return it after 18 months if there was not a full peace treaty between Frederick and the Spanish. Charles and Buckingham began their infamous trip to Spain to fetch the Spanish Infanta, Charles’s intended bride under the Spanish Match, back to England. In doing so, Charles exposed himself to the possibility of injury, kidnap or worse, not least as his sister was still at war with Spain. Rumours began that Elizabeth was being suggested as a replacement for the ailing James and the absent Charles, and several of the more politically active ladies of the Stuart court made surreptitious trips to The Hague – James was refusing requests for permission to visit his daughter, so they asked for permission to visit Spa to take the waters instead. With the Spanish Match apparently concluded and Frankenthal lost, Frederick and Elizabeth made plans to settle permanently in the United Provinces, establishing a combined court and academy for their children, the Prinsenhof in Leiden. But the Spanish Match collapsed, an event celebrated by a masque written by Constantijn Huyghens, and promptly rewritten by Elizabeth herself, and by other celebrations which led to Elizabeth being accused from the pulpit of licentious behaviour, and of this behaviour leading to the failure of a dyke and several fatalities.
‘I can send you nothing but deaths’
Authors: Akkerman Nadine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
On 16 October 1624, Elizabeth Stuart gave birth to her eighth child and sixth son, Edward. Not long afterwards, on 4 January 1625, Frederick and Elizabeth’s fourth son, Louis, died while teething – the first child they had lost and had to bury on foreign, that is, Dutch, soil. Elizabeth’s grief was great, but there was more to come. Maurice, Prince of Orange, who had in many ways been a second father to Elizabeth, was gravely ill, and this led directly to her lady-in-waiting Amalia von Solms marrying Frederick Henry, the prince’s half-brother, to secure the succession of the House of Nassau. Mansfeld, meanwhile, had gathered an army in England to relieve the Palatinate, but he was refused permission to travel through France, and ended up in the United Provinces. Mansfeld had no option other than to assist the Dutch in relieving Breda, which was besieged by the Spanish. Elizabeth suffered more bereavements as both Maurice and James died - it is clear that while Elizabeth viewed her father’s death in part as an opportunity, as her brother Charles was far more belligerent when it came to the Spanish, the death of her ‘second father’ Maurice, affected her more deeply. Charles married Henrietta Maria, who brought with her a massive dowry which could pay for a serious campaign to relieve the Palatinate. This is what Elizabeth relied on as Mansfeld’s army was all but destroyed during the failed attempt to relieve the Dutch at Breda, which fell to the Spanish.
‘Obeisance to His Majesty, and Love to the Parliament’
Authors: Akkerman Nadine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Henrietta Maria and her daughter Mary Stuart arrived in The Hague, the latter to be presented to her new husband, William II. There were rumours of a possible Catholic plot to assassinate Elizabeth. Henrietta Maria would remain in The Hague for almost a year, as she would combine the delivery of William’s bride with rather more pressing affairs. Henrietta Maria set to her primary task, raising money to aid the Royalist war efforts. She was intent on pawning a collection of crown jewels, including the anchor jewel Buckingham had pawned to Frederick V in 1625 and which was redeemed in 1637 – by 1642 it was in Henrietta Maria’s possession. Rupert and Maurice joined the Royalists and fought for their uncle, with no little success, while in August 1642 Charles Louis, with different sympathies, finally tired of the situation and left his uncle’s side. Roe returned to England from his futile sojourn at Ratisbonne and found a country at war. Both sides wished for Elizabeth to act as mediatrix. Even though two of her sons were in active military service for the Royalists, Elizabeth, ever pragmatic, tried to appear as neutral as she could. After all, Parliament were still paying her pension. The appearance of Elizabeth’s niece Mary had an unexpected upside, as her court bolstered Elizabeth’s struggle for social supremacy with Amalia von Solms: there were now two Stuart courts in The Hague. Elizabeth lost two close friends: her mother-in-law and Sir Thomas Roe.
Restoration
Authors: Akkerman Nadine 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In May 1660, the news reached Charles Stuart that he had been invited to return and take his place on the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland as Charles II. Parliament promised to pay her debts, and Elizabeth waited to be asked to return to England. The Duke of Gloucester and her niece Mary both died, and still Elizabeth waited. Frustrated, Elizabeth argued with Charles Louis, who responded by telling her his ambassadors in England were yet to discuss her situation with the new king. Elizabeth tried to recover some of her jewellery from the pawnbrokers. Elizabeth would not attend Charles’s coronation, and eventually took matters into her own hands in May 1661, asking the States General for a warship to take her to England, and arranging for her luggage to be sent separately. Charles Louis tried, but failed, to detain her goods that she thought belonged to her and he tried to claim as his inheritance. Moments before she left she received a letter from her nephew asking her to stay in the Republic, and when she arrived in England he was anything but welcoming. Denied rooms at court, she stayed first with Lord Craven in Drury Lane, and subsequently in Leicester (Exeter) house, which belonged to the Earl of Leicester. She reconciled herself with Charles II, accompanying him to the opera, and Charles Louis, too. She died on 23 February, 1662, aged sixty-five, and her autopsy was carried out by her son’s secretary.
Derivative expansion in the HAL QCD method for a separable potential
Authors: Aoki Sinya , Yazaki Koichi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We investigate how the derivative expansion in the HAL QCD method works to extract physical observables, using a separable potential in quantum mechanics, which is solvable but highly non-local in the coordinate system. We consider three cases for inputs to determine the HAL QCD potential in the derivative expansion: (1) energy eigenfunctions, (2) time-dependent wave functions as solutions to the time-dependent Schrödinger equation with some boundary conditions, and (3) a time-dependent wave function made by a linear combination of a finite number of eigenfunctions at low energy to mimic the finite volume effect. We have found that, for all three cases, the potentials provide reasonable scattering phase shifts even at the leading order of the derivative expansion, and they give more accurate results as the order of the expansion increases. By comparing the above results with those from the formal derivative expansion for the separable potential, we conclude that the derivative expansion is not a way to obtain the potential but a method to extract physical observables such as phase shifts and binding energies, and that the scattering phase shifts from the derivative expansion in the HAL QCD method converge to the exact ones much faster than those from the formal derivative expansion of the separable potential.
From Fear to Safety: A Roadmap to Recovery From Musculoskeletal Pain
Authors: Caneiro J P , Smith Anne , Bunzli Samantha , Linton Steven , Moseley G Lorimer , O’Sullivan Peter 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Contemporary conceptualizations of pain emphasize its protective function. The meaning assigned to pain drives cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses. When pain is threatening and a person lacks control over their pain experience, it can become distressing, self-perpetuating, and disabling. Although the pathway to disability is well established, the pathway to recovery is less researched and understood. This Perspective draws on recent data on the lived experience of people with pain-related fear to discuss both fear and safety-learning processes and their implications for recovery for people living with pain. Recovery is here defined as achievement of control over pain as well as improvement in functional capacity and quality of life. Based on the common-sense model, this Perspective proposes a framework utilizing Cognitive Functional Therapy to promote safety learning. A process is described in which experiential learning combined with “sense making” disrupts a person’s unhelpful cognitive representation and behavioral and emotional response to pain, leading them on a journey to recovery. This framework incorporates principles of inhibitory processing that are fundamental to pain-related fear and safety learning.
How policies emerge and interact with each other? A bibliometric analysis of policies in China
Authors: Zhang Chao , Guan Jiancheng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Answering how and why policies emerge and interact with one another will advance our understanding of the evolution of policies. The paper investigates policy emergence as a practice defining possible policy objects in a specific domain and policy interaction as a practice enabling the defined objects. To trace the policy evolution, we define three types of citations to describe policymaking processes, establish the citation and co-citation networks of policy documents, and then conduct a natural language processing-based bibliometric analysis. We reveal the patterns of policymaking practices and identify the focal policies in a given domain. The results within the context of Chinese innovation and entrepreneurial policies suggest the information contained in focal policies drives the direction of future policy themes, as well as regular policies, tend to cite focal policies and follow the ideas of focal policies to achieve their goals. Our findings also provide some implications for Chinese future policymaking.
Comparison of psychological distress for breast, ovarian and colorectal cancer predisposition in a Spanish sample at high risk of hereditary cancer
Authors: Costa-Requena Gema , Garcia-Garijo Mercedes , Richart-Aznar Paula , Segura-Huerta Ángel 
Published: December 2021

Objectives
Although future treatments may speciically target the tumour phenotype, other factors should be included to confirm the efficacy of treatment and prevention strategies. The objective of this study was to compare sociodemographic characteristics and psychological distress for breast, ovarian and colorectal cancer predisposition syndrome in a sample at high risk of hereditary cancer.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was designed with 799 patients. The nonparametric test, with Kruskal–Wallis test, was used to compare three genetic cancer syndromes, with significant differences in sample size.

Results
There were no differences in cancer hereditary syndromes related to sociodemographic characteristics except sex, as breast/ovarian cancer mainly affects women. No group differences were observed for cancer worry (P = 0.17). Breast/ovarian cancer syndrome showed significantly higher scores in cognitive distress compared to colorectal cancer (P = 0.01).

Conclusion
The differences in the distribution of sociodemographic characteristics in these hereditary cancer syndromes can help to better plan resources for patient care in genetic counselling units.
Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury in Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Loria Anthony , Fleming Fergal J. 
Published: December 2021

CASE SUMMARY:
A 73-year-old woman with hypertension controlled by an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) undergoes a laparoscopic converted to open low anterior resection with diverting loop ileostomy (DLI) for locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma. On postoperative day 5, her serum creatinine (sCr) is 1.4 mg/dL compared to a baseline of 0.9 mg/dL. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are stopped, she is resuscitated with balanced crystalloid until her sCr returns to the nadir, and she is discharged. At her postoperative visit, she has mild tachycardia and reports 1 week of 1500 to 2000 mL/day of ileostomy output. She is admitted with an sCr of 2.4 mg/dL and a blood urea nitrogen of 50. She is discharged after infectious complications are excluded, her ileostomy output is controlled, and her sCr is 1.7 mg/dL. Before initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy, her sCr is 1.8 mg/dL, and her estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is 28 to 32 mL/minute/1.73m2. This severe renal impairment prompts dose reduction of adjuvant chemotherapy.
Immunomodulatory Activity of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor and its Therapeutic Effect on Liver Failure
Authors: Hu Jinhua , Sun Zijian , Tong Jingjing , Chen Jing , Liu Zifeng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Liver failure is characterized by the rapid deterioration of liver function, often accompanied by ascites, coagulation dysfunction, hepatic encephalopathy, and other critical complications. Owing to the complex multifaceted pathogenesis and consequential clinical manifestations of the disease, liver failure displays poor prognosis and warrants comprehensive clinical treatment and management. Liver transplantation remains the only well-established treatment for liver failure. However, several factors including transplantation cost and low organ donation rates limit the rate of liver transplantation. The development of a suitable therapy for liver failure is a significant challenge and remains a cause of concern for the medical world. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a member of the cytokine family of hematopoietic growth factors, is involved in the migration of hematopoietic stem cells into the damaged liver, and effectuates their dedifferentiation into hepatocytes. Liver regeneration involves a complex crosstalk of multiple cell types, including hepatocytes, endothelial cells, and inflammatory cells. Neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages that present different types of innate immune cells were found to play a crucial role in the progression of inflammation and restoration of the liver tissue. G-CSF, known as the most common used cytokine, may also affect these immune cells by combining G-CSF receptors on their surface. The immunomodulatory activity of G-CSF should be studied and described in order to ascertain its therapeutic effect on liver failure.
Adverse drug events in AYUSH interventions for cervical and lumbar spondylosis
Authors: Ponnaiah Manickam , Muthappan Sendhilkumar , Elumalai Rajalakshmi , Muthuperumal Prakash , Parasuraman Ganeshkumar , Bagepally Bhavani Shankara , Kumar Saravana V. , Sivaprakasam Satish 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders ranges between 20%–33% and also varies by age and diagnosis. In India, low back and neck pain are important leading contributors to the disability burden irrespective of gender. Many Ayurveda, Yoga and naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Sowa-rigpa and Homeopathy (AYUSH) interventions used for the treatment of cervical and lumbar spondylosis conditions due to its availability and accessibility. Even though it's widely practiced, there is no documentation of adverse events of AYUSH interventions for cervical and lumbar spondylosis. The primary objective of this systematic review is to synthesize evidence of adverse events attributable to pharmacological and non-pharmacological AYUSH interventions for cervical and lumbar spondylosis.

Methods:
We will conduct a systematic search in all standard biomedical databases and AYUSH system portals to identify and retrieve both the published and unpublished research articles. We will include all study designs such as the randomized and non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cross-sectional studies, prospective and retrospective cohort studies, case-control studies, case series, and case studies. They should have reported the Adverse events of AYUSH systems of interventions for cervical and lumbar spondylosis. Using predefined search strategy with suitable medical subject headings terms and field terms, we will retrieve all the relevant articles from PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, ProQuest, AYUSH research portal, Digital Helpline for Ayurveda Research Articles, Shodhganga and reports of National Pharmacovigilance Centres. We will include the articles that are in English language. Data synthesis will be conducted using meta-analysis.

Results:
The systematic review will provide adverse events information attributable to pharmacological and non-pharmacological AYUSH interventions for cervical and lumbar spondylosis.

Discussion:
We will generate a report on the frequency and types of adverse drug events among patients with lumbar and cervical spondylosis treated with AYUSH system and characteristics of adverse event such as type and nature of medications. This study may help Indian AYUSH pharmacovigilance centres to develop methods to improve quality of data on adverse events.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020167433 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020167433)
A protocol for phase II study investigating the safety and efficacy of TM5614 in combination with nivolumab in the treatment of unresectable malignant melanoma
Authors: Fujimura Taku , Yoshino Koji , Kato Hiroshi , Fukushima Satoshi , Otsuka Atsushi , Matsushita Shigeto , Miyata Toshio , Amagai Ryo , Ohuchi Kentaro , Furudate Sadanori , Hashimoto Akira , Kambayashi Yumi , Fujisawa Yasuhiro 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Plasminogen activating inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) plays a significant role in the development of various cancers, including melanomas, and modulation of tumor-associated inflammation is one of the key anti-tumor functions of PAI-1. A recent report suggested that PAI-1 inhibitors suppress the expression of programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), suppressing the induction of regulatory T cells and promoting anti-melanoma immune responses.

Methods and analysis:
This is a single-arm, open-label, multi-institutional, phase 2 clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of nivolumab in combination with TM5614 (pPAI-1 inhibitor) in patients with advanced malignant melanoma. Nivolumab will be administered every 4 weeks, and TM5614 will be administered daily for 8 weeks. For the first-line cohort, assuming the null hypothesis of a response rate of 22.2% and an alternative hypothesis of 40%, a minimum of 22 patients are required to achieve a two-sided, type I error of 5% and power of 70% based on the exact binomial distribution. For the second-line and beyond cohorts, assuming the null hypothesis of a response rate of 5% and the alternative hypothesis of 22.2%, a minimum of 18 patients are required to achieve a two-sided, type I error of 5%, and power of 70% based on the exact binomial distribution.

Discussion:
This study will contribute to the development of novel combination therapy for anti- programmed cell death 1 antibodies-resistant advanced melanoma patients, which remains an unmet clinical need.

Trial registration:
Trial registration number: jRCT2021210029
Multiple lumbar spinal inter-dural cysts
Authors: Eun Jongpil , Oh Youngmin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Cysts of the spinal canal may be located in the extradural or intradural space. Distinct from these cysts, inter-dural spinal cysts form between the two layers of the spinal dura and contain fluid, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood. Inter-dural spinal cysts are extremely rare. We recently encountered a patient presenting with a multiple lumbar spinal inter-dural cysts.

Patient concerns:
A 58-year-old woman presented with an acute onset of back pain radiating to her left leg. She had no history of surgery or trauma and no other medical illness. Her pain was not relieved by considerable attempts to control it through medication or physical therapy

Diagnosis:
The magnetic resonance imaging indicated multiple cystic lesions ventral and dorsal to the thecal sac at L2/3 which were compressing the roots of the cauda equina. The contents of the ventral lesion were relatively high signal on T2-weighted images and low-signal on T1-weighted images, suggesting a CSF. Additional magnetic resonsnce myelography was highly suggestive of multiple isolated cysts located in the inter-dural space, with a thin wall separated from the CSF.

Interventions:
The patient underwent total laminectomy of the 2nd to 3rd lumbar vertebral to expose the cyst. After midline dural incision, inner dural leaflet was found and we could have confirmed the exact position of the cyst was interdural space, and the inner dura was excised. We then retracted the rootlets to find another ventral cyst. A small incision was made in the inner dura overlying the ventral cyst and yellowish fluid was drained. Complete cyst fenestration and excision of the inner dural leaflet was performed.

Outcomes:
A histopathology report confirmed the cyst to be dura. The patient had complete resolution of symptoms and was asymptomatic 3 years after surgery.

Conclusions:
Inter-dural cysts occur very rarely. We report the first case of multiple lumbar spinal inter-dural cysts. Acknowledging inter-dural spinal cysts as a type of spinal meningeal cyst is imperative, as this will allow surgeons to avoid unnecessary dural breaches and associated complications.