bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution of Gaps and Adhesive Interaction between Contacting Rough Surfaces
Authors: Monti Joseph M. , Sanner Antoine , Pastewka Lars 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Understanding the distribution of interfacial separations between contacting rough surfaces is integral for providing quantitative estimates for adhesive forces between them.
Assuming nonadhesive, frictionless contact of self-affine surfaces, we derive the distribution of separations p(g) between surfaces near the contact edge.
The distribution diverges as g-1/3 for small gaps, and we use numerical simulations with fine resolution to confirm the scaling.
The characteristic scale over which the prediction persists is h0' drep, the product of the rms surface slope and the mean diameter of contacting regions.
We show that these results remain valid for weakly adhesive contacts and connect these observations to recent theories for adhesion between rough surfaces.
On-Line Grinding Chatter Detection Based on Minimum Entropy Deconvolution and Autocorrelation Function
Authors: He Dan , Ni Zexing , Wang Xiufeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
On-line detection of chatter is one of the key techniques to avoid the harmful effects caused by chatter in grinding process. The key to chatter detection is to capture reliable chatter features and thresholds. To achieve this, it is important to make clear and extract the essential characteristics of the grinding chatter signal, which has not yet been well studied. In this paper, we are going to investigate the essential characteristics of the grinding chatter signal and propose a new approach for on-line detection of grinding chatter. The proposed approach for on-line detection of grinding chatter is based on minimum entropy deconvolution and autocorrelation function, in which the minimum entropy deconvolution is employed to deconvolve the effect of transmission path, and further to restore the essential characteristics of the chatter signals. To eliminate the interference of the non-periodic impulse signals in the measured vibration signals, an autocorrelation function is introduced. Kurtosis is employed to indicate chatter according to the changes of the processed signal. The validity of the proposed method is demonstrated through the measured vibration signals obtained from grinding processes and the presented chatter detection index is independent from the grinding conditions with excellent detection accuracy and permissible computational efficiency. This demonstrates the effectiveness of proposed method in on-line implementation.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation Immediately After Trauma Predicts a Poor Prognosis in Severely Injured Patients
Authors: Wada Takeshi , Shiraishi Atsushi , Gando Satoshi , Yamakawa Kazuma , Fujishima Seitaro , Saitoh Daizoh , Kushimoto Shigeki , Ogura Hiroshi , Abe Toshikazu , Mayumi Toshihiko , Sasaki Junichi , Kotani Joji , Takeyama Naoshi , Tsuruta Ryosuke , Takuma Kiyotsugu , Yamashita Norio , Shiraishi Shin-ichiro , Ikeda Hiroto , Shiino Yasukazu , Tarui Takehiko , Nakada Taka-aki , Hifumi Toru , Okamoto Kohji , Sakamoto Yuichiro , Hagiwara Akiyoshi , Masuno Tomohiko , Ueyama Masashi , Fujimi Satoshi , Umemura Yutaka , Otomo Yasuhiro 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Trauma patients die from massive bleeding due to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with a fibrinolytic phenotype in the early phase, which transforms to DIC with a thrombotic phenotype in the late phase of trauma, contributing to the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and a consequently poor outcome. This is a sub-analysis of a multicenter prospective descriptive cross-sectional study on DIC to evaluate the effect of a DIC diagnosis on the survival probability and predictive performance of DIC scores for massive transfusion, MODS, and hospital death in severely injured trauma patients. A DIC diagnosis on admission was associated with a lower survival probability (Log Rank P <0.001), higher frequency of massive transfusion and MODS and a higher mortality rate than no such diagnosis. The DIC scores at 0 and 3 h significantly predicted massive transfusion, MODS, and hospital death. Markers of thrombin and plasmin generation and fibrinolysis inhibition also showed a good predictive ability for these three items. In conclusion, a DIC diagnosis on admission was associated with a low survival probability. DIC scores obtained immediately after trauma predicted a poor prognosis of severely injured trauma patients.
Interaction between root exudates and rhizosphere microorganisms facilitates the expansion of poisonous plant species in degraded grassland
Authors: Wang Wenyin , Jia Tianhua , Qi Tianyun , Li Shanshan , A.Allan Degen , Han Jin , Bai Yanfu , Zhang Tao , Qi Shuai , Huang Mei , Li Zihao , Jiao Jianxin , Shang Zhanhuan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

The interaction between rhizosphere microorganisms and rhizosphere exudates is considered a ‘novel weapon’ for poisonous plants’ colonization, but the relationship between them in facilitating the expansion of poisonous plants in degraded or barren land is poorly understood. We examined this relationship in different degradation levels of alpine grasslands on the Tibetan plateau (3,700 m a.s.l) by determining the composition of root exudates, soil physical and chemical properties, rhizosphere microbial diversity and carbon metabolism of the main poisonous and non-poisonous plant species.
Results

Soil nutrients, including total organic carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorous, diversity of microorganisms and microbial carbon metabolism were greater in the rhizosphere of poisonous than in non-poisonous plant species (P < 0.05). The distribution of bacteria and root exudates were plant species specific. Soil microbial communities were affected by habitat and plant species in degraded grassland, and more so for bacteria than fungi. The cell growth and death pathway for the poisonous species Ligularia virgaurea was greater than for other poisonous species (P < 0.05), and the difference increased with an increase in grassland degradation and a decrease in soil nutrients (P < 0.05), which could explain how L. virgaurea became the dominant poisonous species in degraded alpine grassland. The roots of L. virgaurea exudated such compounds as alkaloids, lupinic acid, terpenes, artemisinin, and coumarin, which were correlated positively with different bacteria in different habitats.
Conclusion

It was concluded that poisonous plant species adapted to degraded grassland through the interaction of root exudates and rhizosphere microorganisms, which facilitated their expansion in degraded alpine grassland.
Achieving the enhanced photocatalytic degradation of ceftriaxone sodium using CdS-g-C3N4 nanocomposite under visible light irradiation: RSM modeling and optimization
Authors: AttariKhasraghi Naime , Zare Karim , Mehrizad Ali , Modirshahla Nasser , Behnajady Mohammad Ali 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this research, the cadmium sulfide - graphite carbon nitride (CdS-g-C3N4) nanocomposite was synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The photocatalytic activity of as-prepared nanocomposite was evaluated in the degradation of ceftriaxone sodium (CTX) antibiotic from aqueous solution under visible light irradiation. The influence of the operational variables such as the amount of photocatalyst (g/L), initial CTX concentration (mg/L), pH, and irradiation time (min) on the photodegradation process was investigated and optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) - central composite design (CCD) model. The maximum degradation percentage (92.55 %) was obtained in the optimal condition, including 0.06 g/L of CdS-g-C3N4 photocatalyst, 15 mg/L of CTX, pH= 10.5, and irradiation time = 81 min. The efficient photocatalytic performance of CdS-g-C3N4 nanocomposite is due to the appropriate alignment of energy levels between the CdS and g-C3N4, which synergistically impact the charge separation and the degradation efficiency of CTX. The kinetics of the photocatalytic degradation process was well described by Langmuir-Hinshelwood’s pseudo-first-order model (kapp = 0.0336 min-1).
WITHDRAWN: Prebiotic Mannan oligosaccharide pretreatment Improves Mice Survival Against Lethal Effects of Gamma Radiation by protecting GI Tract and Hematopoietic systems
Authors: Sanguri Sweta , Gupta Damodar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Total body irradiation (TBI) results in critical injuries in a dose dependent manner that primarily damages highly proliferating tissues including hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and intestinal crypts stem cells etc. This may result in hematopoietic syndrome leading to bone marrow failure and gastrointestinal syndrome leading to chronic intestinal functional alterations. Death results from the gastrointestinal syndrome due to sepsis, bleeding, dehydration and multi-system organ failure. We demonstrate that the prebiotic mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) pretreatment substantially prolongs survival in both male and female mice when administered 2 hours prior to radiation either through oral or intraperitoneal route. The radioprotective efficacy of MOS was found to be age dependent and improves survival even in aged mice (12–13 month old). MOS pretreatment effectively abrogates radiation-induced hematopoietic injury, and accelerates recovery of lymphocytes and WBCs and alleviates depletion of circulatory blood cells. Results also illustrate that MOS pretreatment abolish crypt cell death and denudation of villi in comparison to the respective irradiated animals and ameliorates the overall radiation-induced damage to the GI system. MOS pretreatment facilitates intestinal recovery leading to enhanced animal survival demonstrating its protection efficacy against TBI induced mortality. Moreover, MOS pretreated animals show signs of accelerated recovery in terms of severity of radiation sickness symptoms including weight loss and completely abolish TBI associated mortality.
Much research, but little learned to date: A scoping review on mental health of health workers in low- and lower-middle income countries and roadmap for future research
Authors: Lohmann Julia , John Denny , Dzay Aso 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 has resulted in unprecedented research efforts on health workers’ work realities and their potential mental health impacts. To understand the latter, high-quality evidence on the baseline situation is paramount. With the aim of providing a comprehensive overview of existing evidence and to inform future research, we undertook a scoping review of the quantitative literature on mental health and psychological wellbeing of clinical skilled healthcare personnel working in all settings of care in low- and lower-middle income countries (LLMIC).MethodsWe performed a systematic search of the literature up to the end of 2019, in English or French language, in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, Global Health, and CAIRN. We included both studies estimating levels of mental health and studies investigating associations with other factors. We extracted data on study characteristics and methodology, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies along nine criteria.ResultsWe found 143 relevant studies, 135 including data on mental health levels and 126 including data on associations with other factors. The studies covered 26 of the world’s 78 LLMICs, with most studies conducted in India, Nigeria, Pakistan, or Egypt, in urban secondary- and tertiary-care settings. 67% of studies assessed burnout, 25% general psychological wellbeing, and 20% other mental health outcomes. Only 19% of studies were of high quality due to shortcomings particularly in regards to sample representativeness, context-specific measurement tool validity, and reporting of methodological detail. We found much heterogeneity in investigated associated factors. Studies focused almost exclusively on potential determinants of mental health, while none linked mental health to objectively measured performance outcomes.ConclusionWe conclude that despite its impressive size, we can learn comparatively little from the current body of literature. Based on our findings, we outline areas for expansion, methodological improvement, and standardization of reporting in future research on mental health of health workers.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO no. CRD42019140036
To explore the barriers to and facilitators of adolescents in Low-Middle-Income- Countries (LMICs) seeking mental health care: Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Systematic Review
Authors: Kallakuri Sudha Subhadra , Maulik Pallab K , Kaistha Prachi , Hackett Maree 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Adolescence is a very important transitional phase for an individual as they move from childhood to adulthood. In 2007, the World Health Organization reported that 16% of the global burden of disease and injuries occur among adolescents i.e. those aged between 10 and 19 years, most of them starting by the age of 14 years and usually become serious; if left unrecognised or unattended at that point in time. Several risk factors are associated with increases in the mental health disorders. It is pertinent to promote interventions which teach life skills like regulating one’s emotions, building resilience, and dealing with difficult situations with confidence and strength. This mixed-methods systematic review aims to synthesise best available evidence on the barriers and facilitators to help seeking for mental illnesses among adolescents in Low-Middle-Income Countries Methods and Analyses: The systematic review will be conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Systematic searches will be carried out in electronic databases like PubMed,EMBASE, PsychINFO, Sociofile, CINAHL to identify studies relevant to the review question. At the first stage, titles and abstracts of articles retrieved through the searches will be examined against the eligibility criteria. The second stage will involve independent full-text screening of included articles by two reviewers. All qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method research studies which explicitly answer the research questions will be considered in this review. Methodological appraisal (Risk of Bias) will be conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute's standardized critical appraisal tools or other standardized critical appraisal tools contingent on the study design by two reviewers. Data will be extracted on the aims/purpose, study design, geographical location, study population, study duration, interventions (if applicable) outcomes, and results of included studies. Data analyses will be conducted using the convergent approach to analysis of mixed methods research using JBI guidance. Discussion: The research will help to identify gaps in knowledge and generate evidence for health departments to look more specifically at the mental health of adolescents and challenges of addressing them. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO: CRD42020214349
Identification of a New Way to Induce Differentiation of Dermal Fibroblasts Into Vascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Cui Xiaoling , Wen Jie , Li Xiao , Li Nan , Hao Xuxiao , Zhao BaoXiang , Wu Xunwei , Miao Junying 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) have the potential to differentiate into vascular endothelial cells (VECs), but their differentiation rate is low and the mechanism involved is unclear. The small molecule pathway controls the phenotype of fibroblasts by activating cellular signaling pathways, which is a more convenient method in the differentiation strategy of dermal fibroblasts into vascular endothelial cells.Methods: In this study, dermal fibroblasts were treated with the different doses of CPP, and the mRNA level and protein level were detected by qPCR, Western blot and immunofluorescent staining. Matrigel assays also were used to teste the angiogenic ability of vascular endothelial cells derived from dermal fibroblasts.Results: Here, we report that a small chemical molecule, CPP ((E)-4-(4-(4-(7-(diethylamino)-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbonyl) piperazin-1-yl) styryl)-1-methylpyridin-1-ium iodide), efficiently induces the differentiation of dermal fibroblasts into Vascular endothelial cells. First, we observed that the morphology of CPP-treated dermal fibroblasts elongated, curved and formed circular patterns. Western blot and qRT-PCR analyses revealed that CPP effectively reduced the level of the dermal fibroblasts-marker Vimentin and increased levels of the vascular endothelial cells -markers CD31 and CD133. Detection of the percentage of CD31-positive cells from immunofluorescent staining confirmed that CPP efficiently induces dermal fibroblasts to differentiate into vascular endothelial cells. Matrigel assays showed that CPP-treated dermal fibroblasts have the functions of vascular endothelial cells. Western blot and qRT-PCR analyses of pro-angiogenic factors (VEGF, FGF-2 and PDGF-BB) showed that CPP induces dermal fibroblasts to vascular endothelial cells by promoting the expression of pro-angiogenic factors (VEGF, FGF-2 and PDGF-BB). Conclusions: Our results indicate that the small chemical molecule CPP efficiently induces the differentiation of dermal fibroblasts into vascular endothelial cells. Simultaneously, this new inducer provides a potential to develop new approaches to restore vascular function for the treatment of ischemic vascular diseases.
WITHDRAWN: Surface Roughness Prediction and Minimization in 5-Axis Milling Operations of Gas Turbine Blades
Authors: Eyvazian Arameh , Musharavati Farayi , Khan Afrasyab , Soori Mohsen , Sebaey Tamer A. , Mobayen Saleh , Farouk Naeim 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To enhance the quality of machined parts, virtual machining systems are presented in this study. In the turbine blades, the minimization of the surface roughness of the blades can decrease the Reynolds number to decrease the loss of energy in power generation. Due to difficulties of polishing process in minimizing the surface roughness of machined blades, the optimized machining parameters for minimizing the surface roughness is an effective solution for the problem. In this study, a virtual machining system is developed to predict and minimize the surface roughness in 5-Axis machining operations of gas turbine blades. To minimize the surface roughness, the machining parameters were optimized by the Genetic algorithm. To validate the developed system, the turbine blades were machined using a 5-Axis CNC machine tool and the machined blades were measured using the CMM machine to obtain the surface roughness of machined parts. So, a 41.29% reduction in the measured surface roughness and a 42.09% reduction in the predicted surface roughness are obtained using the optimized machining parameters. The developed virtual machining system can be applied in the machining process of turbine blades to enhance the surface quality of machined blades and thus improve the efficiency of gas turbines.
Coping style as mediator between resilience, perceived social support, and health-related quality of life in Chinese mainland women newly diagnosed with breast cancer
Authors: Zhou Kaina , Ning Fan , Wang Xiao , Wang Wen , Han Dongfang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Breast cancer may impair health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We examined the mediating role of coping style (CS) in the relationship between resilience, perceived social support (PSS), and HRQoL in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients in the Chinese mainland.
Methods

A total of 431 patients completed a survey at two hospitals in Shaanxi Province, China, using self-report measures assessing HRQoL, resilience, PSS, and CS. A one-sample t-test analyzed differences between resilience, PSS, and CS in breast cancer patients and the corresponding norm. Multivariate linear regression analyzed the independent predictors of HRQoL. The mediating role of CS between resilience, PSS, and HRQoL were investigated using structural equation modeling (SEM).
Results

Participants had significantly lower scores for resilience and PSS and higher scores for the avoidance and resignation CSs than their corresponding norm. SEM analysis showed resilience had significant direct effects on CS (B:0.66, 95% CI: 0.54, 0.77) and HRQoL [0.32 (0.12, 0.49)]. PSS had significant direct effects on CS [0.18 (0.06, 0.29)]. Resilience [0.32 (0.19, 0.53)] and PSS [0.09 (0.03, 0.18)] had significant indirect effects, and resilience [0.64 (0.56, 0.71)] had significant total effects on HRQoL. CS had significant direct and total effects on HRQoL [0.48 (0.30, 0.72)].
Conclusions

Newly diagnosed breast cancer patients of mainland China had lower resilience and PSS and higher negative CSs. CS appeared to mediate the influence of resilience and PSS on HRQoL. Multimodal intervention programs focusing on CS might increase the influence of resilience and PSS on HRQoL in breast cancer patients.
Performance of wide band gap amorphous silicon alloys as passivation layer in graded band gap solar structure
Authors: J Fatima Rasheed , Babu V.Suresh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This work investigates the behaviour of two amorphous silicon wide band gap alloys: amorphous silicon nitride (aSiN x ) and hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (aSi x C 1-x :H) as passivation layer in previously designed band gap tailored single junction photovoltaic structure: p + aSi x C 1-x :H/i-aSi:H/n + aSi 1-x Ge x :H. The work involves fabrication of PECVD made aSiN x samples followed by detailed optical characterisation on band gap tailoring interms of mole fraction,x. A rigorous study is made on the current density-voltage (J-V) characteristics as well as on the Internal Quantum Efficiency (IQE) characteristics of the recommended band gap tailored solar structure using aSiN x and aSi x C 1-x :H as passivation layers. The progressive band gap tailored solar cell structure using aSi x C 1-x :H passivation layer accomplishes conversion efficiency of 15.59 % while similar structure having aSiN x passivation layer delivers an efficiency of 15.32 %. By virtue of the obtained results, it is observed that aSi x C 1-x :H with high carbon content is more efficient than aSiN x to be considered as passivation layer. The work presents the performance of continuously band gap graded amorphous silicon alloy as passivation layer in single junction photovoltaic structures for the first time.