bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testosterone and men's health: An in‐depth exploration of their relationship
Authors: Yassin Aksam , Al‐Zoubi Raed M. , Alzubaidi Raidh Talib , Kamkoum Hatem , Zarour Ayman A. , Garada Khalil , Elaarag Mai , Al‐Qudimat Ahmad R. , Fares Zainab E. , Al‐Ansari Abdulla A. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTestosterone plays a pivotal role in male health throughout the lifespan. Men generally exhibit higher serum testosterone levels than women, influencing critical aspects of male physiology. It drives normal sexual differentiation during fetal development, promotes the acquisition of pubertal traits, and induces the development of secondary male sex characteristics. While testosterone levels naturally decline with age, this decrease varies greatly between individuals, indicating that aging alone does not account for any specific testosterone level. The interindividual variability highlights the influence of both genetic and environmental factors on testosterone production. Abnormal changes in testosterone levels, whether excessive or deficient, can have significant implications for men's health, contributing to conditions such as hypogonadism, cardiovascular disease, sexual disorders, and metabolic disorders. Precision medicine provides personalized testosterone treatment options for hypogonadism, taking into account genetic, hormonal, and lifestyle aspects to improve outcomes. This tailored approach is also relevant in dealing with broader reproductive and sexual health issues, ensuring effective and individualized care. This review focuses on testosterone's varied involvement in men's health, using biomarkers and precision medicine breakthroughs to inform tailored therapy and future research.
Rhabdomyolysis associated with sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim treatment in a dog
Authors: Champetier Agathe , Gouni Vassiliki , Dossin Olivier 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA 6‐year‐old, spayed, female, crossbreed dog was presented for pigmenturia and lethargy while receiving sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim for an osteosynthesis‐associated infection. A diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis was made. The antibiotic treatment was discontinued and clinical signs rapidly resolved. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of rhabdomyolysis following an antibiotic treatment in a dog.
Barriers to timely primary cleft surgery in patients treated by an international cleft‐focused NGO across 18 countries
Authors: Plonkowski Alexander T. , Naidu Priyanka , Davis Greta L. , Etemad Shervin , Otobo Daniel D. , Dwyer Anthony M. , Yao Caroline A. , Magee William P. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroductionCleft lip and/or palate (CL ± P) constitutes a significant portion of the global surgical burden. Patients in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) face disproportionate barriers that result in delayed surgical repair, worse long‐term outcomes, and increased morbidity.ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify patient‐reported barriers and demographic characteristics associated with delayed CL ± P surgery in LMICs where Operation Smile provides surgical care.MethodsA retrospective chart review of patients treated by Operation Smile between 2021 and 2024 was conducted. Variables included patient demographics, socioeconomic information, and self‐reported barriers to care. Delayed repair was defined as greater than 9 months for cleft lip and 18 months for cleft palate. Data were analyzed using chi‐squared and t‐tests. Significant variables then underwent uni/multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsSix hundred and sixty‐eight patients were included, of which 339 (50.7%) underwent lip repair and 329 (49.3%) underwent palate repair. The most common patient‐reported barrier was surgical cost (n = 561 and 84.0%). On multivariate regression, increased maternal age significantly increased odds of delayed surgery (OR = 1.03[1.003, 1.07] and p = 0.04) and maternal postsecondary education decreased odds among lip repair patients (OR = 0.22[0.05, 0.77] and p = 0.03). For palate repair, maternal age (OR = 1.05[1.01, 1.09] and p = 0.02) and surgical cost (OR = 2.85[1.42, 5.71] and p = 0.003) increased odds of delay, whereas paternal university‐level education decreased odds (OR = 0.15[0.02, 0.81] and p = 0.04).ConclusionSurgical cost is a primary barrier to timely CL ± P repair among patients in LMICs. Higher education among parents is associated with lower odds of delay. These barriers can inform global surgical organization strategies to improve access for patients at risk of delay.
Steroid Hormone Metabolite Levels in European Minks: Implications for the Conservation of a Threatened Species
Authors: Ortiz‐Jiménez Lorena , Navarro‐Castilla Álvaro , Fernández‐Lázaro Gloria , Barja Isabel 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCaptive management of endangered species is a common conservation strategy. Monitoring the endocrine response related to reproduction and the increase of fecal cortisol metabolites is key to evaluating reproductive well‐being and condition. We noninvasively assessed the endocrine status of captive European minks (Mustela lutreola) housed at Foundation for Research in Ethology and Biodiversity [FIEB] (a Spanish biodiversity conservation center) by measuring fecal glucocorticoid cortisol metabolite levels and testosterone, and progesterone metabolite levels. Males showed higher fecal cortisol and testosterone metabolite levels while no differences in fecal progesterone metabolite levels were found between sexes. Fecal levels of the three hormones were positively correlated. Individuals born in FIEB had lower fecal cortisol metabolites than those born in other centers and their values did not increase due to captivity duration. Hormone values obtained in FIEB could serve as a reference for this species management. However, further studies are required to ensure the well‐being and reproductive success of captive and wild populations.
Noninvasive Assessment of Stress and Reproduction in Captive Lions (Panthera leo) Using Fecal Hormone Analysis
Authors: Serres‐Corral Paula , Almagro Vanessa , Ensenyat Conrad , Carbonell Loles , Borragán Santiago , Martínez‐Nevado Eva , Quevedo Miguel Angel , Fernández‐Bellon Hugo , Carbajal Annaïs , López‐Béjar Manel 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAssessing steroid hormones through feces provides invaluable insight on the stress and reproductive physiology of wildlife, and has been broadly applied to monitor the health and welfare of wild animals managed under human care. This study utilized fecal hormone monitoring to evaluate adrenal and gonadal activity in 18 captive lions (Panthera leo) across five Spanish zoological institutions, focusing on how biological and management factors affect these metrics. We analyzed fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGM) concentrations and, additionally in females, fecal progesterone (FPM), estradiol (FEM), and androgen (FAM) metabolites in relation to their reproductive status. Results indicated significant variability in FGM levels among individuals, with no consistent trends influenced by sex or zoo environment, including changes in the frequency of providing environmental enrichment at two zoos. Importantly, reproductive status significantly impacted adrenal and gonadal hormone levels; ovariectomized lionesses showed lower concentrations of FGM, FPM, and FEM compared to intact and deslorelin‐implanted females, the latter of which exhibited higher and more variable FAM levels. These findings advance our understanding of hormone patterns in lions and suggest implications for their management in captivity.
Regularity properties of a generalized Oseen evolution operator in exterior domains, with applications to the Navier–Stokes initial value problem
Authors: Asami Yosuke , Hishida Toshiaki 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Consider a generalized Oseen evolution operator in 3D exterior domains, that is generated by a non-autonomous linearized system arising from time-dependent rigid motions. This was found by Hansel and Rhandi, and then the theory was developed by the second author, however, desired regularity properties such as estimate of the temporal derivative as well as the Hölder estimate have remained open. The present paper provides us with those properties together with weighted estimates of the evolution operator. The results are then applied to the Navier–Stokes initial value problem, so that a new theorem on existence of a unique strong

$$L^q$$

L
q

-solution locally in time is proved.
Characterization of wood dust emission according to some wood species in 3D machining applied with CNC machine
Authors: Çakıroğlu Evren Osman , Demirarslan Kazım Onur , Taşdemir Taner 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The use of CNC machines for woodworking is becoming increasingly widespread due to advancing technology. In this study, while 3D processing is performed on wood materials using a CNC machine, the aim is to determine wood dust emissions (PM2.5, PM10) according to processing parameters and wood species. Yellow pine, spruce, chestnut, sapelli, and beech are wood species frequently preferred in furniture businesses. Utilizing a CNC machine equipped with 2 mm and 10 mm diameter cutting tools, the wooden material was machined at a spindle speed of 18,000 RPM, a plunge rate of 4000 mm/min, and a cutting speed of 8000 mm/min. For the study, a 3D-modeled motif with curved lines was selected and applied to wooden prisms measuring 30 cm × 30 cm × 30 mm (width, length, thickness).
In conclusion, Yellow pine, with its high hardness and dense structure, generates significantly more dust than spruce during CNC machining. This result reveals that different wood species exhibit different levels of environmental impact during CNC processing. This underscores the urgent need for appropriate air filtration and emission control systems, particularly for woods that produce high emissions. Fine cutting edges effectively reduce PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations, enhancing workplace air quality. By reducing exposure to wood dust, which is harmful to human health, this study plays a crucial role in addressing this pressing issue and allows for the implementation of suitable arrangements with minimal chip removal for CNC parameters.
Differences in mental health symptoms and treatment by sexual orientation and migration background in a population-based sample
Authors: Malm Andreas , Tinghög Petter , Bränström Richard 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Although sexual minorities are consistently found to be at excess risk of poor mental health, less is known about the mental health of individuals with dual minority statuses based on sexual orientation and migration background. This study aimed to examine prevalence of and disparities in mental health symptoms and treatment for common mental disorders (CMD) among sexual minority migrants; and to explore the potential mediating role of interpersonal and social stress.

Methods
Participants were drawn from the Swedish Public Health Survey, 2018. The analytic sample included 104,652 individuals with complete records on all study variables (37.1%). The survey assessed mental health symptoms and interpersonal and social stress and was complemented with information on psychiatric treatment from comprehensive nationwide registries. Using logistic regression and mediation analyses, six groups were compared based on sexual orientation and migration background.

Results
Greater risk of mental health symptoms was found among Swedish-born and non-European sexual minorities (adjusted odds ratios (OR) = 2.20, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.89–2.57, and OR = 2.10, 95% CI 1.34–3.29, respectively) compared to Swedish-born heterosexuals. Swedish-born sexual minorities were at greater risk of receiving treatment for CMD (OR = 2.58, 95% CI 2.20–3.01), while non-European heterosexuals showed lower risk (OR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.52–0.72). Perceived discrimination was less common among non-European sexual minorities compared to their Swedish-born counterparts and partially mediated the association between migration background and mental health symptoms.

Conclusions
Sexual minority migrants are at greater risk of mental health symptoms compared to Swedish-born heterosexuals but not compared to Swedish-born sexual minorities. Providing mental health care for sexual minorities, including sexual minority migrants, and targeting sexual orientation discrimination, should be a priority.
Innovative risk management for machine safety: insights from AS/NZS 4024 standards
Authors: Yazdi Mohammad , Adumene Sidum 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Manufacturing sites inherently involve significant risks due to complex machinery and high-risk operations. This study highlights the importance of comprehensive risk assessments to prevent accidents, protect workers, and ensure compliance with AS/NZS 4024.1–2019 standards and Work Health and Safety (WHS) regulations. It identifies and evaluates critical hazards, including nip, shear, and crush risks, and provides targeted mitigation strategies to address these specific risks. Key measures include rectifying guarding deficiencies through reinstating bypassed guards, extending guards to cover hazardous zones, and integrating interlocking mechanisms. The study also evaluates the adequacy of these solutions, demonstrating their effectiveness in mitigating risks. Additionally, the role of engineering controls in physically restricting access to hazardous areas and the contribution of administrative controls to fostering compliance and awareness are emphasized. These recommendations bridge critical gaps, reflecting the ingenuity of the proposed solutions, significantly reducing machine-related risks, and enhancing workplace safety and operational compliance.
Identification of Active Component Functions in Finite-Max Minimisation via a Smooth Reformulation
Authors: Ras Charl J. , Tam Matthew K. , Uteda Daniel J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this work, we consider a nonsmooth minimisation problem in which the objective function can be represented as the maximum of finitely many smooth “component functions”. First, we study a smooth min–max reformulation of the problem. Due to this smoothness, the model provides enhanced capability of exploiting the structure of the problem, when compared to methods that attempt to tackle the nonsmooth problem directly. Then, we present several approaches to identify the set of active component functions at a minimiser, all within finitely many iterations of a first order method for solving the smooth model. As is well known, the problem can be equivalently rewritten in terms of these component functions, but a key challenge is to identify this set a priori. Such an identification is clearly beneficial in an algorithmic sense, since we can discard those component functions which are not necessary to describe the solution, which in turn can facilitate faster convergence. Finally, numerical results comparing the accuracy of each of these approaches are presented, along with the effect they have on reducing the complexity of the original problem.
Improved differentiation of prostate cancer using advanced diffusion models: a comparative study of mono-exponential, fractional-order-calculus, and multi-compartment models
Authors: He Yongsheng , Qi Xuan , Zhou Min-Xiong , Liu Mengxiao , Yang Hongkai , Wang Wuling , Du Bing , Nie Shengdong , Yan Xu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This study aims to compare the performance of mono-exponential (Mono), fractional-order-calculus (FROC), and multi-compartment (MC) diffusion models in differentiating prostate lesions, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa), as well as classifying PCa by clinical significance and risk levels.

Methods
\A prospective study was conducted with 224 men (aged 50–80) undergoing 3 T MR imaging. Regions of interest (ROIs) analyses were performed on quantitative parameters from Mono, FROC, and MC models. These parameters were evaluated for their ability to distinguish BPH from PCa, clinically significant (CS) from clinically insignificant (CInS) PCa, and among PCa risk levels. Group differences were assessed using the Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test, followed by post-hoc Dunn’s test. ROC curves were plotted, and AUC was calculated. Logistic regression was used for parameter combinations, and performance was evaluated via 1000 bootstrap samples. The correlation between parameter pairs was analyzed. The image quality and PCa detection capability were also evaluated visually.

Results
In distinguishing PCa from BPH, the F1, ADC, and D parameters from the three models achieved high AUCs of 0.92, 0.91, and 0.91, respectively. For differentiating CS-PCa from CInS-PCa, the F2 parameter and the combination of C1 + F2 from the MC model showed the highest AUCs (0.75 and 0.76). In assessing PCa risk levels, F2 and C1 + F2 from the MC model showed the highest AUCs (0.73 and 0.74) for low vs. intermediate-risk PCa. For intermediate vs. high-risk PCa, F1, F1F2, and β + F1F2 from MC and FROC models had the highest AUCs (0.66, 0.66, and 0.71). In addition, ADC was strongly or moderately correlated to D, μ, F1, F1F2, F3, C1 and C3, and not correlated to β and F2. ADC and C1 demonstrated high image quality and strong PCa detection capability.

Conclusion
Advanced diffusion models, particularly the MC model, demonstrated a significant improvement over ADC in differentiating prostate lesions, especially between low and intermediate-risk PCa, between intermediate and high-risk PCa, and between clinically significant and insignificant PCa. Comparable performance was observed in distinguishing BPH from PCa among three models. Moreover, the combination of MC and FROC models further enhanced differentiation accuracy, particularly in the more challenging classifications between intermediate and high-risk PCa, where ADC alone proved inadequate. These results highlight the potential clinical value of MC model and combining MC and FROC models for more precise PCa risk stratification.

Graphical abstract
The 1956 eruption of Bezymianny volcano (Kamchatka)—part I: petrological constraints on magma storage and eruptive dynamics
Authors: Martel Caroline , Erdmann Saskia , Boudon Georges , Balcone-Boissard Hélène , Ostorero Léa , d’Augustin Thiebaut , Belousov Alexander , Belousova Marina , Davydova Vesta O. , Shcherbakov Vasily D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Bezymianny volcano (Kamchatka, Russia) is an andesitic island arc stratovolcano that started to erupt in 1955 after ~ 1000 years of dormancy. On March 30, 1956, the climactic phase of the eruption was preceded by a 4-month-long emplacement of a shallow cryptodome, which triggered a flank collapse violently decompressing the magma into a laterally directed blast followed by an explosive phase emplacing extensive pumice concentrated pyroclastic density currents (pumice C-PDC). Aiming at constraining the plumbing system below Bezymianny volcano prior to the 1956 eruption, we performed a multiphase textural and petrological study using dense to vesiculated clasts of the blast and pumice samples from the post-blast C-PDC deposits. We inferred the pressure and temperature conditions of magma storage using sample vesicularity, amphibole destabilization rims, volatile contents in melt inclusions, microlite textures, and phase compositions (phenocrysts, microlites, and glasses). We propose a three-level magma storage characterized by a deep reservoir (≥ 200–350 MPa, ≥ 840 °C, ~ 4.0–8.0 wt% H2O and CO2 up to 1500 ppm, where amphibole is stable), a shallow reservoir (50–100 MPa, 850–900 °C, 1.5–4.0 wt% H2O and CO2 < 250 ppm, where amphibole is unstable and quartz crystallizes) in which the pre-cryptodome magma resided and from which the post-blast pumiceous magma originated, and a subsurface cryptodome (< 25 MPa, ~ 900 °C, cristobalite crystallized) from which the blast was initiated. This plumbing system provides the framework for constraining the timescales of the 1956 eruptive dynamics (companion paper). The three-stage architecture proposed for the 1956 andesitic reservoir compares to the present-day plumbing system emitting mafic lavas, thus suggesting that the timescales of the eruptive dynamics (e.g., magma residence time and ascent rate) may be the key to determining evolved or mafic magmas.
Heat stress mitigation by exploring UTCI hotspots and enhancing thermal comfort through street trees
Authors: Silva Tiago , Matias Márcia , Girotti Carolina , Vasconcelos João , Lopes António 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Heat stress mitigation actions must be carefully planned in order to achieve effective outcomes. By integrating urban planning guidelines with urban climate knowledge, substantial benefits can be achieved for the community. In Lisbon, the study area, urban planning guidelines are strict in relation to the tree species which should be used for planting. This study examined these species environmental contributions to the community, especially in regard to heat stress mitigation in two urban canyons previously found as UTCI hotspots. For this, microclimatic Envi-met simulations were run which allowed recalculation of the UTCI hotspot analysis and to assess individual species contribution to possible mitigation efforts. Results demonstrated the ability of these trees to lower air temperature and the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). By reducing UTCI temperatures between 3.19 °C and 6.27 °C on a hot summer’s day, these trees were also able to transform an identified UTCI hotspot into a coldspot. From the studied species, Pyrus calleryana was found to be the most effective species for mitigating thermal stress, although all three species performed well. Regarding community services, according to the iTree tool, Cercis siliquastrum had the greatest overall impact. These results give to the municipal urban planning which tree species should be prioritized in terms of climate action, as well as a methodological framework to assess at local scale which areas should be intervened.
Economic impact of labor productivity losses induced by heat stress: an agent-based macroeconomic approach
Authors: Kimmich Christian , Weyerstraß Klaus , Czypionka Thomas , Fauster Norman FRM , Kinner Maurice , Laa Elisabeth , Mateeva Liliana , Plank Kerstin , Ulrici Leonhard , Zenz Hannes , Miess Michael , Poledna Sebastian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Against the backdrop of rising temperatures, this paper analyzes how prolonged heat affects labor productivity and the corresponding macroeconomic outcomes, using Austria as a case study. While previous research primarily focused on specific industries or used industry aggregates, this study also considers inter-industrial economic connections. We assess the macroeconomic effects of an increase in seasonal heat stress triggered by climate change with an emphasis on (1) industry-specific work intensity and (2) the vulnerability to heat-induced impairments resulting in an industry-specific loss of labor productivity. To account for indirect and non-linear economic relationships, we apply an agent-based model of the Austrian economy, which translates heat-induced productivity losses into economy-wide effects via shocks to industry-related input-output structures on the level of economic agents. The findings highlight how in the scenario with the highest temperature increase, the largest average loss in real GDP amounts to 0.7% in the third year compared to the baseline scenario. The largest aggregate effect is found for investments in dwellings. In line with existing literature, industries most affected directly are those that perform intense work in the sun, such as agriculture and construction. Our methodological approach, model, and the corresponding EU data sources can serve as a blueprint for further comparative research.