bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building Batik Craftsmen Learning Society (Design Case)
Authors: Nurwandi Luthfi , Abdulhak Ishak , Sumantri Endang , S Ardiwinata Jajat 
Published: March 2021

This research was based on construction of the learning society in the face of global competition for batik craftsmen in small and medium enterprises (SME's) industrial sector of batik in Indonesia. Formation of the learning society was important to do, so that the important work of batik design experienced no piracy and extinct both from the design side as well as craftsmen. With regard to the phenomenon the purpose of the research is finding important the determinant factors in order to shaping the learning society, which becomes the container for batik craftsmen to get recognition of batik designs, as well as the competence of the profession. There were three factors that affect the formation of the learning society for batik craftsmen namely adult learning in an era of competition, the adultâ€™s performance in the era of competition and universal design. In this study, the influence of these three factors that affect the learning society would be observed. The results of this research show that batik craftsmen build their knowledge and skill to form their performance before, construct learning society, while another batik craftsmen used their expertise to form their performance before construct learning society.Â Â
Biodegradation of Quinoline by Hydrogel Beads of Activated Sludge in the Air-Lift Bioreactor
Authors: Ahmed Khudhair Haneen , . . 
Published: March 2021

Quinoline is a nitrogen heterocyclic compound (NHC) with a molecular formula of C9H7N. Microbial degradation of quinoline occurs under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. In this study, the aerobic biodegradation of quinoline was investigated with activated sludge which was taken from a municipal sewage wastewater treatment plant in the air-lift bioreactor (ALBR).The activated sludge was entrapped in poly-vinyl-alcohol-calcium alginate (PVA-Ca alginate) hydrogel beads. The optimal conditions for microbial cells entrapment, such as Ca-alginate concentration, biomass concentration in the hydrogel bead and bead size, were determined with concerning to improve the quinoline degradation rate. Also, the initial quinoline concentration was determined. The optimum temperature and initial pH for quinoline degradation were 30Â°C and pH 7â€“8, respectively. During the biodegradation process, the culture broth became yellow and brown in turn, which indicated that several intermediates were generated. The results showed that the diversity of microbial cells improves and accelerates the quinoline biodegradation. The repeated use of the hydrogel beads for quinoline degradation was performed and the results revealed that the beads were active and intact up to 4 successive cycles without breakage or loss their stability in the continuous mode. Thus, (PVA-Ca alginate) hydrogel beads have great potential to be a matrix for the cell immobilization in quinoline biodegradation. The various initial concentrations of quinoline (50, 100, 250, and 500mg/L) were completely degraded in batch-mode experiments; under optimal conditions: PVA conc., 80%w/v; calcium alginate conc., 20%w/v; initial biomass concentration the hydrogel bead, 3mL / 10 mL of gel solution; and the hydrogel bead size, about 3mm in diameter, at different time intervals (4, 6, 10, and 14h), respectively.Â Â Â
Structural Behavior of Unbalanced Section self-compacting reinforced concrete axially Loaded columns
Authors: Najim Abbas Aamer , Muhammed Nura Jasim 
Published: March 2021

Eight (120 mm) square and (1 m) long reinforced concrete columns were tested under axial load to large inelastic deformations. The main purpose of this research was to investigate the behavior of column sections confined by rectilinear ties. Major variables considered in this program included: (1) Distribution of longitudinal and lateral steel, including unbalanced section due to the asymmetric distribution of reinforcing steel bars (2) type of concrete; normal concrete and self-compacting concrete. Finite element model was performed to validate the experimental results of this investigation. Test results indicate that a asymmetric distribution longitudinal bars results in desired performance of columns. Unsupported longitudinal bars and its number effective only at large deformations and result in rapid deterioration of column behavior at a later stage. There is 8.75% and 35.65% decrease in ultimate capacity under the control column, asymmetric distribution of reinforcing steel bars appears a more brittle while symmetric bars yields more elastic than brittle, it adds safety when failure happens.Â Â Â
Recycling of Food Waste to Produce the Plant Fertilizer
Authors: R. Ahmed Rand , I. Abdulla Aziz 
Published: March 2021

Around 5000 tons of food waste is produced every day in Iraq which accounts for about (50%) of the waste that we get rid of them. Waste sent to landfill for disposal may break down and produce methane gas that causes greenhouse effect, as well as cause odor, epidemics, and disease because of the disintegration. The research aims to produce organic fertilizer through the recycling of domestic refuse. It has been working through this research to collect the domestic refuse food which represent the nitrogen source, as well as the remains of cleaning and trimming of various trees and the remains of lawn mowers, and use of sawdust white wood which represent the carbon source. Have been working on dried and arranged in layers of perforated plastic containers for ventilation, it was moisturized with two different types of water and monitored fertilizer maturity for four months. Previously the fresh water was used for the purpose for moisturizing the mixture (chlorination water supply) later the domestic wastewater have been used. The comparison was made between the results of tests performed; the test has come up with the result that the use of "domestic wastewater" which it is rich in living organisms is the best and fastest in the process of manufacturing organic fertilizer than the use of "water supply", to contain the latter on the amount of chlorine of weakens the growth of microorganisms. And the use of dried plant waste, in the mixture as source of carbon was successful, and it gave the best organic fertilizer production results because these wastes are easy to decompose compare with sawdust wood. The felicitous fertilizer is it rich with nutrient such as nitrogen 2.3 %, phosphorus 13%, and potassium 20%, etc. There are some important factors affecting the process of production of fertilizer, including air ventilation, temperature, moisture content in the mixture. Carbon to nitrogen is a major factor, where each 20-30 part of the carbon should be taken into account for the decomposition of 1 part of the nitrogen to produce the compost properly, the high proportion of carbon about 30%, causes low-temperature mixture, and it leads to slow compost composition, and less than 20% leads to excess nitrogen, which lost in the air in the form of ammonia, and the higher pH value, could be toxic to some microorganisms.
On the plausible origins of the spiral character of galaxies
Authors: Nyambuya Golden Gadzirayi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We here-in demonstrate that the proposed hitherto unknown gravitomagnetic dark-force that hypothetically explains the Flat Rotation Curves of Spiral Galaxies — this same force, explains very well, the logarithmic and as-well, the barred spiral shapes of spiral galaxies. That is, much in line with Edward Arthur Milne (1896-1950)’s 1946 ideas — albeit, on a radically and asymptotically different philosophical train of thought, the galactic disk is here assumed to be in a state of free-fall around the central bulge with the hypothetical gravitomagnetic dark-force being the dominant force determining all gravity-related dynamics of the disk, thus leading to logarithmic and barred spiral orbits, hence the shape of spiral galaxies.
miR-338-3p inhibits cell growth, invasion, and EMT process in neuroblastoma through targeting MMP-2
Authors: Yuan Haibin , Liu Fengli , Ma Tongsheng , Zeng Zhandong , Zhang Ning 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanisms of miR-338-3p and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in neuroblastoma. Putative target interaction regions of miR-338-3p on MMP-2 were predicted by miRcode and miRbase bioinformatics tools. Relative expression of miRNA-338-3p and MMP-2 in neuroblastoma tissues and GI-LI-N and SK-N-SH cells was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction experiment. Furthermore, the cell proliferation was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, the cell apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry assay, and the cell invasion was evaluated by transwell assay. miR-338-3p expression was downregulated, whereas MMP-2 expression was upregulated in metastasis tissue site compared to that in primary tissue site in total. Furthermore, miR-338-3p overexpression suppressed proliferation, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of neuroblastoma cells but promoted apoptosis, and the knockdown of MMP-2 triggered similar effects. Furthermore, MMP-2 was directly targeted by miR-338-3p, and overexpression of MMP-2 rescued the inhibitory effects of miR-338-3p on human neuroblastoma cell progression. Collectively, these data demonstrated that miR-338-3p could suppress cell growth, invasion, and EMT pathway and induce apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells by targeting MMP-2. MiR-338-3p sponged MMP-2 to regulate the PI3K/AKT pathway in human neuroblastoma cells.
The impact of sewage sludge on the fungal communities in the rhizosphere and roots of barley and on barley yield
Authors: Ondreičková Katarína , Piliarová Michaela , Klčová Lenka , Žofajová Alžbeta , Gubiš Jozef , Horník Miroslav , Gubišová Marcela , Hudcovicová Martina , Kraic Ján 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Current problems with sewage sludge (SS) disposal could be solved by application to agricultural land considering its fertilizer properties and ability to improve soil condition. However, SS may contain heavy metals as well as pathogenic microorganisms. In this study, molecular analysis of partial 18S rRNA gene was used to study the impact of SS application into the soil on the genetic diversity of fungal communities, especially arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere and roots of barley. These samples were collected on three dates from the control soil without SS and from the soil with the addition of SS at the concentrations of 5 and 15 t ha−1. Fungal alpha diversity in the rhizosphere of barley was affected by SS differently than in barley roots. In addition, principal component analysis and cluster analysis revealed that fungal communities were strongly influenced by the SS addition into the soil, sample type, and the sampling date. This approach was complemented by an evaluation of the basic parameters of barley production and the response of these parameters to the presence of SS in the soil. The plant height increased with increasing SS concentration and the thousand seed weight significantly increased at the concentration of 5 t ha−1 SS but significantly decreased in 15 t ha−1.
Age and experience in driving a vehicle and psychomotor skills in the context of automation
Authors: Ucińska Monika , Odachowska Ewa , Gąsiorek Kamila , Kruszewski Mikołaj 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Past research shows that age and driving experience has a significant impact on on-road behavior. Both reaction time, as well as visual-motor coordination and speed of decision making, play an important role with regard to safety. Consequently, research in this area has been carried out for many years. However, there are still very few studies on the impact of these variables on the speed and way of taking control of an automated vehicle.
The purpose of the study designed at the Motor Transport Institute was therefore, including but not limited to, verification of the hypothesis concerning the relevance of age and experience to psychomotor skills and its impact on adaptation to automation. The research involved tools for testing psychomotor skills (reaction time, eye-hand coordination) considered in driver psychological tests. The experimental part was carried out with a passenger car simulator, where the driver's behavior was verified under a specific on-road situation, including control takeover. As expected, the analyses proved that age and experience are important factors for both control takeover and way of reaction. Deficits and some elements related to inexperience were found in older and younger drivers, respectively, and those had a significant impact on the analyzed variables.
A narrative review of functional outcomes following nerve-sparing surgery for deeply infiltrating endometriosis
Authors: Leopold Beth , Klebanoff Jordan S. , Bendifallah Sofiane , Ayoubi Jean Marc , Soares Thiers , Rahman Sara , Moawad Gaby N. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Endometriosis negatively impacts the lives of countless women around the world. When medical management fails to improve the quality of life for women with either previously confirmed or suspected endometriosis often a decision must be made whether or not to proceed with surgery. When deeply infiltrating disease is diagnosed either clinically or by imaging studies often medical management alone will not suffice without excisional surgery. Surgery for endometriosis, especially deeply infiltrating disease, is not without risks. Aside from common risks of surgery endometriosis may also involve pelvic nerves, which can be hard to recognize to the untrained eye. Identification of pelvic nerves commonly encountered during endometriosis surgery is paramount to avoid inadvertent injury to optimize function outcomes. Injury to pelvic nerves can lead to urinary retention, constipation, sexual dysfunction, and refractory pain. However, nerve-sparing surgery for endometriosis has been proven to mitigate these complications and enhance recovery following surgery. Here we review the benefits of nerve-sparing surgery for deeply infiltrating disease.
A rare association of two endocrine tumours: non-functional oncocytic adrenocortical carcinoma and Papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Ruiz-Sánchez Jorge Gabriel , Parra Ramírez Paola , Lisbona Catalán Arturo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To describe a rare association of two endocrine tumours in a clinical case.

Case presentation
A 54-year-old woman with a classic Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) assessed by the Endocrinology Department of a tertiary hospital from May-2015 to May-2020. PTC was treated with a total thyroidectomy and lymphadenectomy in May-2015. Initial staging (AJCC/TNM 7th edition): T3N1bMx. Additionally, two ablative doses of 150 mCi of 131-I (RAI) were administered until September-2016. No pathological uptake was found on the post-RAI whole-body scan at any level. Due to a persistent incomplete biochemical response in February-2017, a 18Fluor-dexosiglucose positron emission computed tomography (FDG-PET) was performed. FDG-PET showed an intense pathological deposit in the right adrenal, suggestive of malignancy. Right adrenalectomy was carried out, and pathology revealed an Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). Genetic syndromes associated to ACC are: Li-Fraumeni syndrome (caused by an autosomal mutation in the TP53 gene), the Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN) type 1 (caused by Menin gene mutations), and MEN type 4 (caused by heterozygous mutations in the CDNK1B gene). However, none of them are associated to PTC.

Conclusions
To our knowledge this is the sixth published case reporting an ACC in presence of a PTC. The pathological factors behind the relation between these malignancies have not been elucidated. We do not discard the possibility of a genetic relationship between PTC and ACC.
Prophylactic gonadectomy in 46 XY females; why, where and when?
Authors: Basri Nurul Iftida , Soon Chong Hong , Ali Anizah , Abdul Ghani Nur Azurah , Zainuddin Ani Amelia 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
We compared cases of phenotypic female patients who presented with male karyotype and underwent prophylactic gonadectomy.

Case presentation
Five patients with female phenotypes presented in early adulthood with primary amenorrhoea with varying degrees of puberty. One was tall with breast development. Another was very short with clitoromegaly and multiple co-morbidities. The other three had no secondary sexual characteristics. They were examined, after which hormonal profile, karyotyping, ultrasound examination and magnetic resonance imaging were done to assess the site of gonads. Gonadectomy was performed once their 46 XY karyotype was confirmed. Results of histopathological examination of their gonads ranged from dysgenetic gonads to having testicular tissues and malignancy.

Conclusion
Female patients with 46 XY karyotypes require prophylactic gonadectomy performed at different timings depending on diagnosis due to the malignancy risk. Pre-operative assessment is essential to locate the gonads prior to surgery.
Feedback control of a nonlinear aeroelastic system with non-semi-simple eigenvalues at the critical point of Hopf bifurcation
Authors: Wang Licai , Chen Yudong , Pei Chunyan , Liu Lina , Chen Suhuan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe feedback control of Hopf bifurcation of nonlinear aeroelastic systems with asymmetric aerodynamic lift force and nonlinear elastic forces of the airfoil is discussed. For the Hopf bifurcation analysis, the eigenvalue problems of the state matrix and its adjoint matrix are defined. The Puiseux expansion is used to discuss the variations of the non-semi-simple eigenvalues, as the control parameter passes through the critical value to avoid the difficulty for computing the derivatives of the non-semi-simple eigenvalues with respect to the control parameter. The method of multiple scales and center-manifold reduction are used to deal with the feedback control design of a nonlinear system with non-semi-simple eigenvalues at the critical point of the Hopf bifurcation. The first order approximate solutions are developed, which include gain vector and input. The presented methods are based on the Jordan form which is the simplest one. Finally, an example of an airfoil model is given to show the feasibility and for verification of the present method.
Performance analysis on double-pass thulium-doped fiber amplifier for 16-channel WDM system at S-band
Authors: Zeki Mohammed Dunya , Kadhim Hammadi Abdulmunem 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the performance of single and double-pass thulium-doped fiber amplifiers (SD-TDFA and DP-TDFA) is analyzed in the short wavelength (S-band) region. The effect of thulium-doped fiber (TDF) length, input signal power, and input pumping power on the amplifier’s performance is comprehensively investigated on basis of gain and noise figure (NF). DP-TDFA showed a higher gain compared to single-pass configuration and that is due to double-propagation of the forwarded and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) signal into the TDF which maximizes the achievable gain in the S-band region. At a gain medium length of 8 m, the proposed DP-TDFA showed higher gain enhancement over SP-TDFA at an input power of −20 dB compared to −40 and 0 dB input signal powers. The gain enhancement at 1470 nm is 5.6 dB, while the maximum recorded gain with the proposed double-pass configuration is 14.7 dB.
Self-mixing interferometry and near-field nanoscopy in quantum cascade random lasers at terahertz frequencies
Authors: Reichel Kimberly S. , Pogna Eva Arianna Aurelia , Biasco Simone , Viti Leonardo , Di Gaspare Alessandra , Beere Harvey E. , Ritchie David A. , Vitiello Miriam S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We demonstrate that electrically pumped random laser resonators, operating at terahertz (THz) frequencies, and comprising a quantum cascade laser heterostructure, can operate as sensitive photodetectors through the self-mixing effect. We devise two-dimensional cavities exploiting a disordered arrangement of surface holes that simultaneously provide optical feedback and allow light out-coupling. By reflecting the emitted light back onto the surface with random holes pattern, and by varying the external cavity length, we capture the temporal dependence of the laser voltage, collecting a rich sequence of interference fringes that follow the bias-dependent spectral emission of the laser structure. This provides a visible signature of the random laser sensitivity to the self-mixing effect, under different feedback regimes. The latter effect is then exploited, in the near-field, to demonstrate detectorless scattering near-field optical microscopy with nanoscale (120 nm) spatial resolution. The achieved results open up possibilities of detectorless speckle-free nano-imaging and quantum sensing applications across the far-infrared.
Analysis of the skin wrinkling in out-of-plane joints of CFRP hat-shaped structure
Authors: Peng Nanhui , Zhan Lihua , Yang Xiaobo , Liang Xianzhu , Xue Xiangchen , Zhang Dongliang , Dai Guangming , Guan Chenglong , Zhao Guoqing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Out-of-plane joints, between hat (omega) stiffeners and skin panels are asymmetric parts of the composite structure. Studies show that physical-mechanical conditions in these joints significantly affect skin forming quality. In the present article, aimed to investigate the mechanism of the skin wrinkle in the joints of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) hat-shaped structure, the pressure testing apparatus based on the Pascal principle is used to surveillance the resin pressure dynamically in out-of-plane joints. In this regard, several influencing factors such as first-order holding time, forming pressure and relative volume of unidirectional fillers are studied. Obtained results show that increasing the first stage holding time can prolong the viscous flow state of the resin, and time to achieve pressure equalization at each detection point, thereby improving the dispersion of the pressure and reducing the possibility of wrinkles. It is found that as the forming pressure increases, the degree of skin wrinkles in the out-of-plane joints ameliorates. Moreover, for fillers with a relative volume within the range of 0–50%, the pressure transfer effect and the skin flatness is relatively dissatisfactory. It is concluded that the filler with a relative volume of 80–120% improves the skin wrinkle in out-of-plane joints.
Molecular mechanics approaches for rational drug design: forcefields and solvation models
Authors: Bekono Boris D. , Sona Alfred N. , Eni Donatus B. , Owono Luc C. O. , Megnassan Eugène , Ntie-Kang Fidele 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The use of molecular mechanics (MM) in understanding the energy and target of a drug, its structures, and properties has increased recently. This is achieved by the formulation of a simple MM energy equation, which represents the sum of the different energy interactions, often referred to as “forcefields” (FFs). The concept of FFs is now widely used as one of the fundamental tools for the in silico prediction of drug-target interactions. To generate more accurate predictions in the in silico drug discovery projects, the solvent effects are often taken into account. This review seeks to present an introductory guide for the reader on the fundamentals of MM with special emphasis on the role of FFs and the solvation models.