bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residual Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Frame With and Without Steel Plate Shear Wall Under Sequence Earthquakes By Incremental Dynamic Analysis
Authors: Rouhi Hamze , Gholhaki Majid 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The residual capacity of a damaged structure after the main earthquake is equal to the smallest spectral acceleration of the first mode, which causes local or general failure during the aftershock. In this research, the effect of seismic sequence on the residual capacity of reinforced concrete frame systems and a relatively new system of reinforced concrete frames eqquipped with steel plate shear wall has been investigated. Based on this, four system of 4, 8, 12 and 24 stories, which represent short, intermediate, tall, are modeled in finite element software and subject to three sets of of single and real seismic sequence, taking into account the damage, The effects of mainshock earthquakes have been analyzed under aftershock earthquakes nonlinear increment dynamic analysis. The analysis showed that in the real seismic sequence, the residual capacity of reinforced concrete frame with steel plate shear wall in short and intermediate structures on average 3 times and in tall structures up to 8 times compared to the residual capacity of reinforced concrete frame without steel plate shear wall. Also, in the real seismic sequence, the residual capacity of the structure decreased with increasing the height of short to intermediate structures and intermediate to tall structures, so that this capacity reduction decreased by an average of 65% in reinforced concrete frame with steel plate shear wall and 75% in reinforced concrete frame without steel plate shear wall.
Seismological Effects on Spectral and Pseudospectral Acceleration Proximities Based on Random Vibration Theory
Authors: Zhang Haizhong , Zhao Yan-gang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Although spectral absolute acceleration, Sa, is a useful tool for estimating the inertial forces of structures in seismic designs, seismic codes typically specify only the pseudospectral acceleration, Spa. Many studies have been performed to clarify the relationship between these two spectra to relate them. A recent study indicated that this relationship could be affected by not only the structural damping ratio and period but also seismological parameters, such as magnitude and distance. However, how seismological parameters affect their relationship is not clearly understood. To clarify this issue, an approach that relates the two spectra, including seismological parameters, is proposed herein based on random vibration theory. The proposed approach is verified by comparison with the results of time-series analysis. Furthermore, the seismological effects are then explored and explained based on the proposed approach. It is found that Spa approaches Sa with increasing moment magnitude and source-to-site distance, particularly at long structural periods, with the main reason being attributable to the increase in the long-period components of earthquake ground motions. Finally, a practical formulation for estimating Sa from Spa considering the seismological effects is constructed and verified using real seismic records.
Linear and Non-linear Associations Between Platelet Count and Metabolic Parameters in Non-Diabetic and Non-Obese Elderly
Authors: Chen Szu-Han , Lu Chieh-Hua , Chiang Yi-Lun , Chen Yen-Lin , Hsieh Chang-Hsun , Wu Chung-Ze , Lin Jiunn-Diann , Chen Ying-Chung , Hsia Te-Lin , Pei Dee 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: High platelet count was noted in people with metabolic syndrome. A significant association between platelet count and various metabolic parameters had also been reported. However, all the studies hypothesized that these associations are linear relationships. This work investigated the potential non-linear relationships between platelet count and various metabolic parameters.Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of data from 11198 non-diabetic, non-obese elderly in a Health Screening Center was undertaken to explore the relationship between platelet count and metabolic parameters, including metabolic syndrome, body mass index, waist circumference, body fat, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, C-reactive protein, insulin resistance, glucose effectiveness, and first-phase and second-phase insulin secretion. The linear relationship between platelet count and metabolic parameters was examined by linear and logistic regression. The non-linear relationship was investigated by the restricted cubic spline model.Results: Multivariable regression analyses showed that a greater PC level was significantly associated with a greater risk of metabolic syndrome (odds ratio 1.025, 95% CI 1.017 to 1.032), a higher body fat, waist circumference, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, C-reactive protein, and insulin resistance, and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose effectiveness. The restricted cubic spline analysis adjusted for age and gender demonstrated a strong non-linearity on the relationship between platelet count and all the metabolic parameters, except systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressures, fasting plasma glucose, first-phase insulin secretion, and metabolic syndrome. The overall findings suggested a significant linear relationship between platelet count with the risk of metabolic syndrome, and a significant non-linear relationship between platelet count with many metabolic variables.Conclusions: Platelet count is significantly associated with metabolic syndrome, metabolic parameters, and CRP in a linear or non-linear manner. The overall findings hint potential link between high platelet count, metabolic abnormalities, and chronic inflammatory status.
Trends in Online Searches for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: sato shinichi , Takahashi Masato , Takahashi Tetsu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Dentists and dental staff involved in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) are at high risk of infection during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Therefore, prevention of viral infection is essential in OMS, and attention should be paid to the trends in OMS during COVID-19. In this study, we aimed to investigate the search trends in OMS during the COVID-19 pandemic using Google Trends (GT). Methods: COVID-19 was considered prevalent from December 2019, and the search period on GT was set to 1 year (January 1, 2020–January 1, 2021). We observed trends for the following OMS-related terms: “wisdom teeth,” “TMJ” (temporomandibular joint), “dental implants,” “jaw surgery,” and “jaw fracture.” Additionally, the terms “aerosol” and “PPE” (personal protective equipment) were also used in the study. We identified the top five countries for all the aforementioned terms to confirm the trends by country. The multivariate Steel–Dwass test was used to compare the relative search volume (RSV) of the OMS-related terms, and the Mann–Whitney U test was used for comparison between the two groups of the COVID-19 prevention terms “aerosol” and “PPE.” Results: The RSV showed a decreasing trend from March to April for the terms “wisdom teeth,” “TMJ,” and “dental implants”; however, there was an increasing trend for the same terms from May onward. The term “PPE” showed a sharp increase from March to April. In comparison by country during the 1-year period, the United States had the highest RSV for “wisdom teeth” and “jaw fracture,” and Malaysia had the highest RSV for “TMJ.” Similarly, the highest RSV for “dental implants” and “jaw surgery” was in Laos and Canada, respectively. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic may have altered the search trends for the terms “wisdom teeth,” “TMJ,” and “dental implants”.
WNT16 Elevation Induced Cell Senescence of Osteoblasts in Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Jo Sungsin , Weon Subin , Nam Bora , Jang Mi-Ae , Kang Hyundeok , Kim Tae-Jong , Kim Tae-Hwan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: WNT16 is critical for bone homeostasis, but the effect of WNT16 in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is still unknown. Here, we investigated whether WNT16 influences bone formation and pathophysiological changes of AS in an in vitro model.Methods: Bone tissue from facet joints was obtained from five disease control and six AS patients. Primary osteoprogenitor cells of the facet joints were isolated using an outgrowth method. Isolated osteoprogenitor cells from both control and AS tissues were analysed by microarray, RT-qPCR, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemistry. Bone-forming activity of osteoprogenitor cells was assessed by various in vitro assays. β-galactosidase staining and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) using RT-qPCR were used to assess cell senescence.Results: In microarray analysis, WNT16 expression was significantly elevated in AS osteoprogenitor cells compared to the control. We also validated that WNT16 expression was elevated in AS-osteoprogenitor cells and human AS-bone tissues. WNT16 treatment inhibited bone formation in AS-osteoprogenitor cells but not in the control. Intriguingly, β-galactosidase for cell senescence was strongly stained in AS-osteoprogenitor cells treated with WNT16. Furthermore, in an H2O2 stress-induced premature senescence condition, WNT16 treatment increased cell senescence in AS-osteoprogenitor cells and WNT16 treatment under the H2O2 stress condition showed an increase in p21 protein and SASP mRNA expression. The WNT16-induced SASP expression in AS-osteoprogenitor cells was reduced in WNT16 knockdown cultures. Conclusion: WNT16 is highly expressed in AS and WNT16 treatment facilitated cell senescence in AS-osteoprogenitor cells during osteoblast differentiation accompanied by suppression of bone formation. The identified role of WNT16 in AS could reflect the bone loss in AS patients.
Prediction of The CYP2D6 Enzymatic Activity Based on Investigating of The CYP2D6 Genotypes Around The Vivax Malaria Patients in Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Dong Ying , Huang Herong , Deng Yan , Xu Yanchun , Chen Mengni , Liu Yan , Zhang Canglin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTo preliminary explore CYP2D6 enzyme activity in patients with recurrent vivax malaria in Yunnan Province by analyzing mutational polymorphism in the coding region of CYP2D6 gene.Methods Blood samples were collected from vivax malaria patients with suspected relapse (SR) malaria and non-relapsed (NR) in Yunnan Province. The DNA fragments containing 9 exons region of human CYP2D6 gene were amplified by performing PCR and sequenced. The sequencing results were compiled by using DNAStar 11.0 to obtain the coding DNA sequence (CDS) of CYP2D6 gene. DnaSP 6.11.01 software was used to identify mutant polymorphisms and haplotypes of the CDS chain. The waterfall function of GenVisR package in R was utilized to visualize the mutational landscape. The allelic forms of CYP2D6 gene were identified according to the criteria prescribed by "Human Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Allele Nomenclature Committee Database" and the CYP2D6 enzyme activity was predicted based on diploid genotype. Results A total of 320 maternal CDS chains, including 63 from SR group and 257 from NR group, were obtained. Twelve mutant loci, including c.31 (rs769259), c.100 (rs1065852), c.271 (rs28371703), c.281 (rs28371704), c.294 (rs28371705), c.297 (rs200269944), c.336 (rs1081003), c.408 (rs1058164), c.505 (rs5030865), c.801 (rs28371718), c.886 (rs16947), and c.1457 (rs1135840) were observed on the 640 CDS chains (including 320 maternal and 320 paternal chains). High-frequency mutation at rs1135840 (0.703) and low-frequency mutation, such as rs28371703, were detected only in the SR group. The frequency of mutant rs1058164 and rs1135840 were significantly increased in the SR group (x2 = 4.468, 5.889, P < 0.05), as opposed to the NR group. Of the 23 haplotypes (from Hap_1 to Hap_23), the nomenclatures of 11 allelic forms could be found: Hap_3 was non-mutant, Hap_2 accounted for the highest frequency (36.9%, 236/640), and Hap_9 had the most complex sequence structure, containing 7 loci mutations. *10 allele was the most frequent among these genotypes (0.423). Among the 10 standard named genotypes, *1/*10, *1/*1 and *2/*10 were significantly more frequent in the NR group (x2 = 3.911, P < 0.05) and all showed uncompromised enzyme activity; the impaired genotype *10/*39 was more frequent in the SR group (x2 = 10.050, P < 0.05), and genotype *4/*4 was detected only in the SR group. Conclusion In the patients receiving primaquine dosage in Yunnan Province, both rs1135840 single nucleotide polymorphism and *10 allele form was the common in the coding region CYP2D6 gene. Low-frequency mutation sites, such as rs28371703, were only presented in patients with vivax malaria relapse patients.
The Neuroprotective Mechanism of Lithium after Ischaemic Stroke.
Authors: Chen Beina , Zhang Manman , Ji Ming , Chen Benjie , Gong Wenliang , Zhang Dianjun , Li Xinyu , Zhou Yuefei , Dong Chengyi , Wen Gehua , Zhan Xiaoni , Wu Xiafang , Yuan Huiya , Xu Enyu , Xia Maosheng , Verkhratsky Alexei , Li Baoman 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Stroke causes degeneration and death of neurones leading to the loss of motor function and frequent occurrence of cognitive impairment and depression. Lithium (Li+), the archetypal mood stabiliser, is neuroprotective in animal models of stroke, albeit underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We found that Li+ inhibits activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke model in mice. This action of Li+ is mediated by two signalling pathways of AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin and AKT/FoxO3a/β-catenin which converge in suppressing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Using immunocytochemstry, MRI imaging, and cell sorting with subsequent mRNA and protein quantification we demonstrate that Li+ decreases the infarct volume, improves motor function, and alleviates associated cognitive and depressive impairments. In conclusion, this study reveals molecular mechanisms of Li+ neuroprotection during brain ischaemia thus providing the theoretical background to extend clinical applications of Li+ for treatment of ischemic stroke.
The association between lymphocyte-monocyte ratio and postoperative acute kidney injury in patients with acute type A aortic dissection
Authors: Chen Wenxiu , Song Xiaochun , Hong Liang , Xu Huan , Qian Yan , Zhang Wenhao , Sun Jiakui , Shen Xiao , Liu Ying , Wang Xiang , Shi Qiankun , Liu Han , Mu Xinwei , Zhang Cui 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between baseline lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) and postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD).
Methods
ATAAD patients undergoing surgery in Nanjing First Hospital were enrolled from January 2019 to April 2021. Lymphocyte and monocyte were measured on admission. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the relationship between LMR and postoperative AKI. We also used receiver operating characteristic (ROC), net reclassification index (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) analyses to assess the predictive ability of LMR.
Results
Among the 159 recruited patients, 47 (29.6%) were diagnosed with AKI. Univariate logistic regression analysis indicated that ATAAD patients with higher levels of LMR were prone to have lower risk to develop AKI (odds ratio [OR], 0.493; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.284–0.650, P = 0.001). After adjustment for the potential confounders, LMR remained an independent related factor with postoperative AKI (OR, 0.527; 95% CI 0.327–0.815,P = 0.006). The cutoff value for LMR to predict AKI was determined to be 2.67 in the ROC curve analysis (area under curve: 0.719). NRI and IDI further confirmed the predictive capability of LMR in postoperative AKI.
Conclusion
Elevated baseline LMR levels were independently associated with lower risk of postoperative AKI in ATAAD patients.
LncRNA NEAT1 Regulates Cementogenic Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Under Hypoxia by Targeting miR-214-5p/SMAD4 in an HIF-1α-Dependent Manner
Authors: Ye Yu , Hou Liguang , Tang Hui , Liu Liu , Xu Yan , Yu Jinhua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs)-mediated regenerative periodontal therapy is a promising method for periodontitis. Besides, odontogenic stem cells are exposed to hypoxia in both physiological and pathological conditions. The behaviour of stem cells under hypoxia is worth exploring. So far, whether long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can affect the proliferation and cementogenesis of PDLSCs, as well as their specific mechanism, remains to be elucidated. This study investigates lncRNA NEAT1 and its possible regulatory mechanisms of cementogenic differentiation of PDLSCs under hypoxia.Methods: CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry (FCM) and EdU assay was adopted to test the proliferation ability. Osteoblastic/cementogenic differentiation of PDLSCs under hypoxia was detected by western blot assay (WB), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alcian blue staining (ABS), alizarin red staining (ARS). The relationship between them was proved by dual-luciferase reporter assay and rescue experiments.Results: PDLSCs exhibited a more powerful cementogenic differentiation potential in hypoxic conditions. miR-214-5p may regulate SMAD4, while Lnc NEAT1 acts as a sponge, forming a ceRNA mechanism in which HIF-1α plays an important role. It may act as an enabler, jointly constitute the regulatory axis of Lnc NEAT1/ miR-214-5p/ SMAD4, and affect the cementogenic differentiation of PDLSCs under hypoxia.Conclusions: Our results showed that hypoxia could enhance the cementogenic differentiation potential of PDLSCs in vitro. In addition, we found that Lnc NEAT1 may be a potential target for improving the function of PDLSCs in regenerative periodontiology, and Lnc NEAT1/miR-214-5p/SMAD4 could regulate the cementogenic differentiation ability of PDLSCs under hypoxia.
Research on Multi-Point Connection of Under-Chassis Equipment Suspension System in High-Speed Trains
Authors: SUN Yu , Zhou Jinsong , Gong Dao , Ji Yuanjin , You Taiwen , Chen Jiangxue , Wang Qiushi , Wang Tengfei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A power dispersive high-speed electric multiple-unit (EMU) train requires the installation of traction equipment under the carbody. As the speed of high-speed trains increases, the demand for traction power is increasing, and the weight and size of the equipment have increased accordingly. To adapt to the research and development of higher-speed EMU trains, this research proposes the use of a multi-point connection scheme for installing the under-chassis equipment. First, the static deflection and supporting reaction force of each hanging point are obtained based on static analysis, and it is found that increasing the number of connection points is beneficial for reducing the static stiffness requirement of each rubber element. Then, an energy decoupling degree is introduced, and an optimisation design method for the hanging point stiffness is proposed based on the energy decoupling degree and optimal vertical suspension frequency. Finally, a rigid-flexible coupling dynamics simulation model is established to analyse the vibration characteristics of the carbody and equipment after decoupling and optimisation of the multi-point suspension schemes. The research results show that after the decoupling optimisation, the vibration amplitude in the middle of the carbody is effectively reduced, and the ride quality of the carbody is improved. The difference in the number of hanging points has little effect on the vibration performance of the carbody, but increasing the number of hanging points is beneficial for reducing the dynamic supporting reaction forces of the hanging components, thereby reducing the dynamic stress of the rubber elements, and improving the fatigue resistance.
The Effect of Mitochondrial Fusion on Chondrogenic Differentiation of Cartilage Progenitor Cells via Notch2 Signal Pathway
Authors: Moqbel Safwat Adel Abdo , Zeng Rong , Ma Diana , Ran Jisheng , Lin Changjian , He Yuzhe , Ma Chiyuan , Xu Kai , Xu Langhai , Jiang Lifeng , wu lidong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating disease that inflicts intractable pain, a major problem that humanity faces, especially in aging populations. Stem cells have been used in the treatment of many chronic diseases, including OA. Cartilage progenitor cells (CPCs) are a type of stem cells with the ability to self- renew and differentiate. They hold a promising future for the understanding of the progression of OA and for its treatment. Previous studies have reported the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation, differentiation and aging. Mitochondrial dynamic and morphology change during stem cell differentiation. Methods: This study was performed to access the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and chondrogenic differentiation of CPCs. Mitochondrial fusion and fission levels were measured during the chondrogenic differentiation process of CPCs. After that, we used mitochondrial fusion promoter to induce fusion in CPCs and then the chondrogenic markers were measured. Using Transmission Elecron Microscopy (TEM) and confocal microscopy to capture the mass and fusion status of mitochondria. Lentiviruses were used to detect the role of mitofusin 2 (MFN2) in CPC chondrogenic differentiation. In vivo, MNF2 was over-expressed in sheets of rCPCs, which were then injected intra-articularly into the knees of rats. Results: Mitochondrial fusion markers were upregulated during the chondrogenic induction process of CPCs. The mass of mitochondria was higher in differentiated CPC and the fusion status was obvious relative to un-differentiated CPC. Chondrogenesis of CPCs was upregulated with the induction by mitochondrial fusion promoter. MFN2 over-expression significantly increased chondrocyte-specific gene expression and reversed OA through Notch2 signal pathway.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that the mitochondrial fusion promotes chondrogenesis differentiation of CPCs. MFN2 accelerates the chondrogenesis differentiation of CPCs through Notch2. In vivo, MNF2-OE in sheets of rCPCs ameliorated OA in the rat model.
3D U-Net With Attention and Focal Loss for Coronary Tree Segmentation
Authors: Liang Riming , huang xingsheng , Ma Jun , Ma Guomin , Wang Kunhua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The semantic segmentation of coronary artery is important in clinical diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD). The problems of intra-class inconsistency and inter-class indistinction in coronary artery and vein are very prominent. In this paper, we propose a 3D U-Net model improvement plan using attention mechanism and focal loss. U-Net is combined with channel attention and spatial attention to distinguish confusing categories and targets with similar appearance features. We use focal loss to optimize the loss function to solve the problem of category imbalance between coronary artery and background category.