bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electropalatographic Therapy and Speech Production for Children With Down Syndrome
Authors: Page Christen G. , Johnson Katelynn 
Published: April 2021

Purpose
Children with Down syndrome (DS) demonstrate speech sound disorders, which impact speech intelligibility in academic and social settings across the life span. The purpose of this technical report is to determine the effects of electropalatographic (EPG) therapy on speech productions for children with DS receiving school-based speech-language therapy services. EPG is a form of visual feedback that displays timing and location of the tongue's contact with the palate during productions of individual phonemes.

Method
Authors completed a comprehensive literature search to locate articles that investigated the treatment effects of EPG for children with DS. Using the PICO (population, intervention, control, and outcomes) format, we sought in the research to answer “Do children 3–18 years of age with Down syndrome (P), who receive EPG therapy (I) compared to same-age peers with Down syndrome who do not receive EPG therapy (C) show improvement on speech sound production (O)?”

Results
Three studies met the inclusion criteria and were critically appraised. Two studies were single-subject designs, and one study was a randomized controlled study. Results revealed that EPG therapy improved speech sound production of target phonemes (/s/, /ʃ/, /k/, and /g/) with no transfer to speech intelligibility.

Conclusions
The results may further the understanding of EPG therapy as a treatment approach, particularly in older individuals with DS receiving school-based speech-language therapy services. Prior to adopting EPG as a treatment approach, clinicians should consider treatment intensity and students' cognitive abilities. Additional research is needed on the long-term effects and generalization of EPG therapy.
A deep analysis on high‐resolution dermoscopic image classification
Authors: Pollastri Federico , Parreño Mario , Maroñas Juan , Bolelli Federico , Paredes Roberto , Ramos Daniel , Grana Costantino 
Published: April 2021

AbstractConvolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been broadly employed in dermoscopic image analysis, mainly as a result of the large amount of data gathered by the International Skin Imaging Collaboration (ISIC). As in many other medical imaging domains, state‐of‐the‐art methods take advantage of architectures developed for other tasks, frequently assuming full transferability between enormous sets of natural images (e.g. ImageNet) and dermoscopic images, which is not always the case. A comprehensive analysis on the effectiveness of state‐of‐the‐art deep learning techniques when applied to dermoscopic image analysis is provided. To achieve this goal, the authors consider several CNNs architectures and analyse how their performance is affected by the size of the network, image resolution, data augmentation process, amount of available data, and model calibration. Moreover, taking advantage of the analysis performed, a novel ensemble method to further increase the classification accuracy is designed. The proposed solution achieved the third best result in the 2019 official ISIC challenge, with an accuracy of 0.593.
On aligning cascaded elements with the polarisation of the incident circularly polarised wave
Authors: Roy Jasmin E. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGiven that the discrimination between the two senses of circular polarisation (CP) has been reported for cascades of progressively rotated wire‐grids, the author investigates whether or not the progressive rotation of the elements of a cascade would be the fundamental reason for the cascade to discriminate between the two senses of CP. The author also investigates whether or not the particular progressive rotation that consists in aligning each element of the cascade with the polarisation of a normally incident CP plane wave would necessarily provide the maximum discrimination between the two senses of CP. It is shown that neither progressive rotation nor alignment are fundamental or optimal for CP discrimination. CP discrimination is shown to be achieved even when the physical geometry of the CP antenna does not match the screw that is traced in space by the CP wave which is meant to be received/transmitted by the CP antenna. This observation is important to avoid misunderstanding the mechanism that underlies the phenomenon of CP discrimination.
Low profile wideband circular patch antenna surrounded by mushroom‐type structure
Authors: Cao Yufan , Zhang Baoling , Wu Tao , Li Sen , Li Guanlin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA novel low profile wideband circular patch antenna is proposed for millimetre‐wave applications. Seven mushroom units are uniformly placed along with the edge of the circular driven patch. Two resonant modes, TM mode and quasi‐TM mode, are generated by the driven patch and mushroom‐type structure, respectively. These two modes will move in proximity to each other by optimising the size and location of mushroom‐type structure, resulting in wideband performance. Compared with our previous work, the proposed antenna owns the advantage of low profile and rotational symmetric structure. Therefore, the radiation performance is improved. Measured results show that the impedance bandwidth of 26.4% from 12.2 to 15.9 GHz is obtained with a low profile less than 0.047 .
Analyzing the efficiency of bank branchesvianovel weighted stochastic imprecise data envelopment analysis
Authors: Aydin Nezir , Yurdakul Gökhan 
Published: April 2021

As of 21st century, the terms of efficiency and productivity have become notions which dwells on both business and academic world more frequently compared to past. It is known that it is hard to increase the efficiency and productivity of both production and service systems. In this study, the efficiency analysis of the branches of a bank was conducted. Furthermore, a Weighted Stochastic Imprecise Data Envelopment Analysis (WSIDEA), which is a new approach developed based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), was proposed. Efficiency levels and results of decision-making units were examined according to the proposed new method. Additionally, six different DEA model results are obtained. The results of the six different DEA model and the proposed “WSIDEA” model were compared in terms of efficiency level of decision-making units, and the differences between them were examined.Sensitivity of the inefficient units were also examined. On the other hand, unrealistic efficiency levels created by traditional methods for branches were also analyzed. Apart from all these sensitivity analyses, the sensitivity of the data set used in the analysis is scrutinized.
Awareness of climate risks and opportunities: empirical evidence on determinants and value from the U.S. and European insurance industry
Authors: Gatzert Nadine , Reichel Philipp 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we study the awareness of European and U.S. insurance companies of climate-related risks and opportunities using a respective indicator from the Refinitiv Eikon database that uses reporting data. Based on this, we examine the determinants and value of the awareness of business risks and opportunities resulting from climate change, which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been done so far, despite its increasing and specific relevance for the insurance industry. We use a logistic regression analysis as well as a linear fixed effects model for a 10-year period from 2009 to 2018. Our results show that larger European insurers are significantly more likely to exhibit such awareness. When controlling for subsectors, property & casualty insurers tend to be aware of the risks and opportunities resulting from climate change. Moreover, when using the linear fixed effects model, we find a statistically significant positive value effect on Tobin’s Q.
Multiple-analyte mass detection in a coupled microresonator array
Authors: Chatterjee Animesh 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Resonant sensors using coupled micro-cantilever arrays have found wide applications in the ultrasensitive mass detection of biomolecules and chemical analytes. Experimental observations indicate that a target mass deposited on one of the cantilevers can be detected by measuring the change in resonant frequencies or in eigenmodes. Analytical works have studied eigenvalue and eigenmode sensitivities, but for a single analyte only. Since a resonator array consists of several cantilevers, it offers an opportunity for the simultaneous detection of multiple analytes. However, multiple-analyte mass detection has not been investigated so far. In this paper, an analytical foundation for the detection of multiple analytes, through the measurement of eigenvalue shifts, is developed using matrix perturbation theory. The formulation presents a system of over-determined linear equations in terms of unknown analyte masses. A novel approach based on solving the equations in a least square sense is proposed and it is shown that it gives far better estimation accuracy than using a subset of equations for direct solution. The approach is demonstrated through numerical simulation for a typical three-cantilever array for the detection of two analyte masses. Estimation errors are studied for a range of analyte masses and presented in the form of an error surface. The effect of interconnection stiffness and array size on estimation error is also investigated. The robustness of the method is further tested against manufacturing variations and it is shown that an envelope guideline of maximum estimation error can be constructed for the user.
Gravitational wave constraints on the primordial black hole dominated early universe
Authors: Domènech Guillem , Lin Chunshan , Sasaki Misao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We calculate the gravitational waves (GWs) induced by the density fluctuations due to the inhomogeneous distribution of primordial black holes (PBHs)
in the case where PBHs eventually dominate and reheat the universe by Hawking evaporation.
The initial PBH density fluctuations are isocurvature in nature.
We find that most of the induced GWs are generated right after evaporation,
when the universe transits from the PBH dominated era to the radiation dominated era and the curvature perturbation starts to oscillate wildly.
The strongest constraint on the amount of the produced GWs comes from the big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN).
We improve previous constraints on the PBH fraction and find that it cannot exceed 10-4. Furthermore,
this maximum fraction decreases as the mass increases and reaches 10-12 for
MPBH∼ 5×108 g, which is the largest mass allowed by the BBN constraint
on the reheating temperature. Considering that PBH may cluster above a given clustering scale, we also derive a lower bound
on the scale of clustering. Interestingly, the GW spectrum for MPBH∼ 104 -108 g enters the observational
window of LIGO and DECIGO and could be tested in the future. Although we focus on the PBH dominated early universe in this paper,
our methodology is applicable to any model with early isocurvature perturbation.
Radial oscillations and stability of compact stars in f(R, T) = R+ 2β T gravity
Authors: M.Z. Pretel Juan , E. Jorás Sergio , R.R. Reis Ribamar , D.V. Arbañil José 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We examine the static structure configurations and radial stability of compact stars within the context of f(R, T) gravity, with R and T standing for the Ricci scalar and trace of the energy-momentum tensor, respectively. Considering the f(R, T)=R+2β T functional form, with β being a constant, we derive the corresponding hydrostatic equilibrium equation and the modified Chandrasekhar's pulsation equation. The mass-radius relations and radial mode frequencies are obtained for some realistic equations of state. Our results show that the traditional stellar stability criteria, namely, the necessary condition d M/dρc >0 and sufficient condition ω2 >0, still hold in this theory of gravity.
A CNN identified by reinforcement learning-based optimization framework for EEG-based state evaluation
Authors: Yang Yuxuan , Gao Zhongke , Li Yanli , Wang He 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjective.Electroencephalogram (EEG) data, as a kind of complex time-series, is one of the most widely-used information measurements for evaluating human psychophysiological states. Recently, numerous works applied deep learning techniques, especially the convolutional neural network (CNN), into EEG-based research. The design of the hyper-parameters of the CNN model has a great influence on the performance of the model. Therefore, automatically designing these hyper-parameters can save the time and labor of experts. This leads to the appearance of the neural architecture search technique. In this paper, we propose a reinforcement learning (RL)-based step-by-step framework to efficiently search for CNN models.Approach.Specifically, the deep Q network in RL is first used to determine the depth of convolutional layers and the connection modes among layers. Then particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to fine-tune the number and size of convolution kernels. Through this step-by-step strategy, the search space can be narrowed in each step for saving the overall time cost. This framework is employed for both EEG-based sleep stage classification and driver drowsiness evaluation tasks.Main results.The results show that compared with state-of-the-art methods, the high-performance CNN models identified by the proposed optimization framework, can achieve high overall accuracy and better root mean squared error in the two tasks.Significance.Therefore, the proposed optimization framework has a great potential to provide high-performance results for other kinds of classification and prediction tasks. In this way, it can greatly save researchers’ time cost and promote broader applications of CNNs.
The existing technology and the application of digital artificial intelligent in the wastewater treatment area: A review paper
Authors: Martini Sri , Roni Kiagus Ahmad 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Wastewater treatment using various existing technologies, including advanced oxidation processes, adsorption, and membrane separation for various pollutants removal from industrial and municipal wastewater streams, is an essential aspect of reaching environmental sustainability to keep human well-being and healthy economic growth. However, some challenging elements along with the wastewater treatment process affect pollutant removal efficiency and other resources. This condition will lead to various uncertainty in the wastewater treatment system related to the fluctuations in the quality of treated water and wastewater, operation costs, and environmental risk. Artificial intelligence can then be such a reliable solution to predict and minimize those complications and optimize the process and parameters implemented in the wastewater treatment system.
Blackspot Analysis of Road Traffic Crashes in Surabaya-Manyar Toll Road, East Java
Authors: Hartatik Nurani , Prasetijo Joewono , Muslihati Atqiya 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Traffic crashes are one of the problems that cannot be prevented, especially on toll roads. Knowing the crash element, including crash number, type, factor, and fatality, could lead the investigation to set crash solving and prevention by finding the blackspot point. Surabaya-Manyar toll roads were reported as crash-prone locations, with 149 crashes from 2014-2018. This research concerns the impact on a specific period obtained by PT. Margabumi Matrajaya was ranging from 2014-2018 at Surabaya-Manyar toll road. The objectives aim to analyze the crash element using submitted data from PT. Margabumi Matrajaya to find the blackspot at each line. The collected data were the primary data from field observation and documentation and secondary data, consisting of crash data, road length, time of the crash, what types of vehicles were involved in the crash, and wound victim data. The locations of crash-prone points (Blackspots) on the Surabaya-Manyar Toll road are as follows: The locations of crash-prone points (Blackspots) on the Surabaya Toll road-Manyar line mostly occurred at Km 9 + 925-16 + 400 mostly in 2018, on the Romokalisari-Kebomas section, and for Manyar-Surabaya line, occurred at Km 3 + 500-0 + 000 mostly in 2016, on the Tandes-Dupak section. Therefore, to decrease the crash number in Surabaya-Manyar toll road, PT. Margabumi Matrajaya should add traffic sign as blackspot area, speed trap, warning sign like slippery road ahead warning, crossroad, and merging traffic.
ATP and WTP analysis in determining retribution rate for building construction permit in Boyolali district
Authors: Yantini  , Sunarjono Sri , Solikin Mochamad , Hidayati Nurul 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Building Construction Permit (BCP) is a permit granted by the regional government except for buildings with particular government functions to build new, change, expand, reduce, and maintain buildings according to applicable administrative and technical requirements. This study aims to analyze and determine the unit price building levies for building permits in Boyolali Regency. The study aim also can fulfill the concept of cost recovery and equity. The amount of retribution paid by the community is equal to the operational costs in the licensing process or services provided by the local government and adjusted to the public ability to pay and willingness to pay or benefits provided by the local government. This research is a descriptive-analytical study. The sample in this study was 100 respondents. This research’s data sources consist of primary data in interviews and questionnaires and secondary data in operational costs and targets and realization of BCP income. The results showed that the BCP levy rate set’s value was lower than the value of the Activity Operational Costs (OAC). However, the value of the OAC tariff is greater than the value of ATP and WTP. The ability to pay BCP levies is equivalent to the willingness to pay BCP levies.
The influence of activator type and temperature activation on the specific surface of corncob waste adsorbent
Authors: Rachmawati Novia , Mujiburohman Muhammad 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Activated carbon is widely used in various applications. It can be produced from natural sources having carbon content including corncob waste. This study aims to make activated carbon from the corncob waste. The effect of types of activators and activation temperature on the specific surface of the activated carbon was investigated. The experimental stages involved preparation, carbonization, activation, and sample analysis. During activation, the types of activators and temperature activation were varied, i.e. HNO3, HCl, H2 SO4, NaOH, all with concentration of 10% (mass), and variations in temperature of 70°C, 90°C, 110°C. The specific surface of activated carbon was determined with the methylene blue adsorption method using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that the activation using 10% NaOH at a temperature of 110°C had the highest specific surface, i.e. 21.876 m2/g.
The impact of land-use change on Cengklik Reservoir’s sedimentation rate
Authors: Pudyastuti Purwanti Sri , Yakan Annisa Fathi , Abdurrosyid Jaji , Budinetro Hermono S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Cengklik Reservoir is operated for irrigation of rice fields in 3 sub-districts in Boyolali Regency, namely Sambi, Ngemplak, and Nogosari. At the present time, the volume of the Cengklik Reservoir has decreased and resulted in dryness during the dry season. One of the main causes is due to the high sedimentation rate. This research was conducted to evaluate changes in land use that resulted in sedimentation in the Cengklik Reservoir. Erosion prediction in this study uses USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) analysis. The amount of sediment obtained uses the standard erosion data from USLE calculations, namely by multiplying the amount of erosion by the SDR and the area of River Basin. The potential for erosion and sedimentation used land use data for 10 years, from 2009 to 2019. Based on the research, the amount of erosion and sedimentation in the Cengklik Reservoir was fluctuated with the highest amount occurring in 2016, with erosion of 9,292 tones/ha/year and sedimentation of 4304,154 tons/year. In general, erosion and sedimentation have increased from 2009 to 2019. The classification of erosion in the Cengklik Reservoir according to this study was categorized as light erosion. The trap efficiency used in this study was calculated using formulae based on the research of Heinemann (1981) using the Brune method for small reservoirs with an area of less than 0.5 km2. In general, based on this study, the Trap Efficiency in Cengklik Reservoir was 95.254%.
Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Hand Sanitizer Based on Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana)
Authors: Harismah Kun , Ariningrum Nurul Diah , Fuadi Ahmad Muhammad , Mujiburohman Muhammad , Mirzaei Mahmoud 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of herbal hand sanitizer based on stevia in the addition of trembesi (Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr) leaf extract. Experimental research in the laboratory, the study used two factorial Completely Randomized Design, namely stevia extract (1.0; 0.75; 0.50; 0.25; 0.0%) and trembesi extract (0; 0.25;0, 5;0.75; 1.0%) with two repetitions. Each formulation was tested according to SNI 0625881992. The results showed that all formulation comply with SNI-06-2588-1992 standards.
Effect of Sintering Temperature in Curcumin Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell using ITO Glass
Authors: Purnama Herry , Prabowo Bima A. , Hanif Lazuardi N. , Ridwan Ibrahim , Hidayati Nur 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The world’s energy needs are increasing as the human population increases. The fulfillment of fossil-based energy has reached optimal conditions and is predicted to decline in the future. One potential that can be developed to meet future energy needs is dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). DSSC is an efficient third generation that produces green energy at low production costs because no vacuum system or expensive equipment is required to manufacture. This study examines the structure of the DSSC using indium tin oxide (ITO) glass, and its working principles are described. The dye solution uses curcumin as the photosensitizer. From the results of this study, it is known that DSSC at a sintering temperature of 400°C has better results than DSSC with a sintering temperature of 350°C. The DSSC with turmeric ( Curcuma longa) has an efficiency of 0.81%.