bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sekurytyzacja aktywów na przykładzie kryzysu "subprime" w Stanach Zjednoczonych
Authors: Stuglik Aleksander Robert 
Published: July 2021

Załamanie na rynku kredytów hipotecznych w Stanach Zjednoczonych rozpoczęło się w 2007 r. i było pod względem skali oraz skutków jednym z najbardziej dotkliwych zarówno dla rynków finansowych, jak i jego uczestników. Wykorzystywana inżynieria finansowa (sekurytyzacja) przez instytucje finansowe do tworzenia papierów wartościowych opartych na kredytach hipotecznych z segmentu subprime doprowadziła do efektu zarażania, powodując upadek instytucji o znaczeniu systemowym. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zaprezentowanie sekurytyzacji oraz potwierdzenie, że mimo negatywnych doświadczeń płynących z kryzysu należy pozytywnie ocenić ten instrument finansowy, głównie ze względu na jego istotną rolę w zwiększeniu efektywności rynków finansowych. W pierwszej części zaprezentowano działania sekurytyzacji oraz jakie podmioty są w nią zaangażowane. Następnie skoncentrowano się na pokazaniu zdarzeń, jakie miały miejsce w USA w latach 2007-2009 oraz jaką rolę w tym wszystkim odgrywał proces sekurytyzacji aktywów. Na koniec przeprowadzono analizę samego instrumentu finansowego poprzez pryzmat kryzysu subprime, na podstawie której dokonano jego oceny.
Kalina Wojciechowska – Mariusz Rosik, Oczekując miłosierdzia. Komentarz strukturalny do Listu św. Judy (Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Chrześcijańskiej Akademii Teologicznej 2020)
Authors: Tomczyk Dominik Tomasz 
Published: July 2021

Recenzja książki: Kalina Wojciechowska – Mariusz Rosik, Oczekując miłosierdzia. Komentarz strukturalny do Listu św. Judy (Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Chrześcijańskiej Akademii Teologicznej 2020). Ss. 458. PLN 92,40. ISBN 978-83-60273-53-1.
Kevin Symonds, On the Third Part of the Secret of Fatima (St. Louis, MO: En Route Books and Media 2017)
Authors: Mielnik Dawid 
Published: July 2021

Recenzja książki: Kevin Symonds, On the Third Part of the Secret of Fatima (St. Louis, MO: En Route Books and Media 2017), s. 582, ISBN: 978-1-950108-23-7.
Pengaruh Proses Islamisasi dalam Bidang Arsitektur di Indonesia
Authors: Mahmuda Mahmuda 
Published: July 2021

Kajian ini diawali oleh banyaknya khazanah pemikiran keislaman, yaitu isu tentang Islamisasi dalam hal disiplin ilmu, arsitektur bahkan daam berbagai tatanan sosial masyarakat di Indonesia yang merupakan salah satu isu yang selalu menarik diperbincangkan beberapa dekade ini. Hal ini terjadi karena ada berbagai pandangan dan penafsiran tentang Islamisasi . Konsep ini meniscayakan umat Islam untuk memahami realitas secara utuh.Islamisasi adalah proses peralihan masyarakat menjadi Islam baik terpengaruh dalam keagaman atau kepercayaan, budaya, sosial kemasyarakatan ekonomi maupun dalam bidang politik, yang dalam bahasa lain disebutkan sebagai mengislamkan masyarakat yang disebabkan karena kedatangan ajaran agama Islam. Oleh sebab itu penulis ingin mengkaji bagimana proses islamisasi yang terjadi pada masyarakat indonesia sehingga dapat tercermin bahakan menjadi karakter islamisasi yang di seluruh wilayah indonesia,seperti halnya islamisasi dalam hal arsitektur ditinjau dari aspek bangunan fisik seperti Masjid, Batu Nissan, hingga dalam bentuk seni kaligrafi.
Factors Influencing Poor Postnatal Care in Sangihe Regency
Authors: Hinonaung Jelita Siska Herlina , Mahihody Astri Juwita , Wuaten Grace Angel 
Published: July 2021

Postpartum mothers from the first day of childbirth up to six weeks will undergo changes both physically and psychologically making intensive care indispensable. Conditions in which the postpartum mother does not get the correct and timely postnatal care lead to postpartum complications that can cause death. The objective of the study is to identify factors related to poor postnatal care in Sangihe Regency, North Sulawesi. This research was a correlation cross-sectional study. The population was postpartum mothers in the working area of The Kuma Health Center of Sangihe Regency. In this study, researchers sampled 62 respondents. The variables included age, culture, mode of delivery, support, and knowledge. The relationship between age, culture, mode of delivery, support, and knowledge with poor postnatal care was measured less using the chi-square test. In contrast, the determinants of poor postnatal care were identified employing logistics regression. The results showed that factors influencing poor postnatal care were age, culture, mode of delivery, support, and knowledge. Mode of delivery was discovered as the most dominant variable influencing poor postnatal care. This research concluded that age, culture, mode of delivery, support and knowledge had a correlation with poor postnatal care, and the most dominant variable was the mode of delivery. Researcher hopes that these findings could help health workers and local governments to direct appropriate postpartum care, especially other postnatal care requiring further research.
SOIL ALKALINITY CONTROL USING THREE DIFFERENT BIO-MATERIALS (WASTES) FOR SOIL SUSTAINABILITY AND PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: CHIWETALU UCHE , Ogbuagu Nneka, Juliana , Okechukwu Michael Emeka 
Published: July 2021

The study presents soil alkalinity control using three different bio-materials for soil sustainability and productivity. It has been noted that soils without balanced pH have trouble with nutrient solubility, thereby making soil nutrients unavailable for plants. 5kg soil sample was measured and put in five different containers. Thereafter, 450g of ash was added to four containers to induce alkalinity. Moreover, three samples were further mixed with 3 different treatments; treatment A, B and C. In all, five samples were set for the study, sample A (control or ordinary soil), B (soil + ash), C (soil + ash + poultry droppings), D (soil + ash + cassava peals) and E (soil + ash + dry grasses). pH tests’ were conducted weekly on the samples and the results subjected to ANOVA test. Results obtained were 7.2, 11.5, 9.5, 8.7 and 9.2 for samples A, B, C, D and E respectively in week 1. Similarly, 7.2, 11.5, 8.4, 8.2 and 9.0; 7.2, 11.5, 7.8, 7.9 and 8.7; 7.2, 11.53, 7.4, 7.5 and 8.2 for samples A, B, C, D and E were obtained in 2nd, 3rd and 4th week respectively. The results showed that the treatments have significant effect in reducing alkalinity (p = 5%).
Performance Analysis of different Anode Materials of a Double Chambered Microbial Fuel Cell
Authors: Moinee Abdullah Al , Sanzida Nahid 
Published: July 2021

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are bio-electrochemical systems (BES) that can oxidize and convert biodegradable wastes directly into electricity via microbial metabolism. Since the oxidation half-cell of an MFC consists of the biodegradable electrolyte and anode, the selection of the right anode materials is essential to optimize the performance of MFCs. Anode acts as the governing support for the growth of biofilm to transfer the electrons. In general, anode materials must have a reasonable surface area for bacterial growth, good conduction, excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, high mechanical strength, and low cost. In this work, graphite bar, aluminum foil, and carbon cloth were tested as an anode. The comparative performances of them were analyzed in a double chambered MFC containing industrial wastewater with respect to the power density and waste removal efficiency of MFCs. The carbon cloth anode provided better output than graphite bar and aluminum foil. The 10 days of batch operation for carbon cloth anode resulted in a maximum of 672.34 mWm-3 power density and 52.20% removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD).
Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 21(2020) 26-31
Preparationand Physico-Chemical Properties Evaluation of Biodiesel from Pithraj (Aphanamixis Polystachya)Seeds available in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmmed Md Razu , Hasan Md Ikramul , Mortuza Md Golam , Mohammad Ismail - 
Published: July 2021

In this study, Pithraj (Aphanamixis polystachya) seed (PS) oil was used to produce biodiesel via trans-esterification process. The PS oil was extracted from seed using a soxhlet solvent extraction technique and the effect of temperature and heating rate on product distribution was investigated. The PS oil was pretreated (esterified) to combat the saponification reaction and other associated problems e.g., phase separation. The transesterification reactions were carried out and the optimum biodiesel yield was found 93.87%, when the reaction condition was as follows: addition of 50 wt.% methanol, 0.8 wt.% NaOH (both are on the basis of wt.% of PS oil addition), 60 °C reaction temperature and 90 min reaction time. Biodiesel produced from PS oil was characterized by various physico-chemical means and compared with international standards. The use of the produced biodiesel in blend with commercial diesel will bring a remarkable change in fuel economy of the country, will ensure a clean and safe environment and will demonstrate a way for ‘Waste to Energy’.
Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 21(2020) 43-48
Safety Performance Assessment of Hazardous Chemical Facilities in Bangladesh Using Indexing Approach
Authors: Mondal Uddipta , Salsabil Nishat , Khan Easir A 
Published: July 2021

This paper presents evaluation of safety performance of three hazardous facilities based on current safety practice by measuring their safety weighted hazard indices (SWeHI) of multifarious units of chemical process and what can be done to avoid any potential accidents in context of Bangladesh. Assessing hazard potential over safety procuration is a key indicator of how well a facility is prepared to reduce its vulnerability. The risks associated with hazardous facilities are always greater in a country like Bangladesh as the safety issues are not often been prioritized by its key stakeholders. In recent years, there were number of deadly accidents occurred in the chemical industries and storage warehouses which resulted multiple fatalities and significant property damage. The accident could be avoided using proper safety protocols in those facilities. Here safety performance of three facilities was assessed based on survey data. These facilities deal with flammable, explosive and toxic chemicals. This index is on the basis of fire & explosions properties and toxic release properties as well as the safety precautions against it. It helps professionals to identify the overall hazard potential and distinguish less protected units from other well operated units. The paper features on an approximate yet workable assessment of risks at a low cost and based on the current safety practices.
Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 21(2020) 60-68
Impact of Trans-Boundary Pollution (PM-2.5) on the Air Quality of Dhaka City in Bangladesh
Authors: Dihan Musfekur R , Nayeem SM Abu , Choudhury MAA Shoukat 
Published: July 2021

Clean air is a basic need of human beings for its existence. In recent years, air pollution in city areas, especially in Dhaka and Chittagong, has become a significant threat to health and well-being. Dhaka is found to suffer a high level of pollution during the dry season, which is from November to April, especially for Particulate Matter, PM2.5, concentration. From December to February this situation is found to be the worst crossing the WHO guidelines and National Ambient Air Quality Standard. Bangladesh is surrounded by countries with the fastest-growing economy like India and China who use coal-burning technologies for different purposes such as producing power and running mills. They release the lion’s share of the air pollutants in South Asia and these pollutants easily get transported to neighboring countries. This is known as transboundary pollution. This study investigates the contribution of transboundary transportation of PM-2.5 in the air quality of Dhaka city. Ninety-Six hours of air mass back trajectories were computed using the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT-4) model and those trajectories were grouped into 6 clusters. Probability calculation showed that Dhaka city air has a higher probability of getting pollutants from long-range sources when air masses traveled through North, West, and North-West direction covering the North Eastern and North-Western territories of India, Nepal, and its neighboring areas. Concentration Weighted Trajectory (CWT) analysis also supported that those areas could be potential sources of getting unwanted PM-2.5 on our atmosphere.
Chemical Engineering Research Bulletin 21(2020) 114-120
Automated Left Ventricle Ischemic Scar Detection in CT Using Deep Neural Networks
Authors: O'Brien Hugh , Whitaker John , Singh Sidhu Baldeep , Gould Justin , Kurzendorfer Tanja , O'Neill Mark D. , Rajani Ronak , Grigoryan Karine , Rinaldi Christopher Aldo , Taylor Jonathan , Rhode Kawal , Mountney Peter , Niederer Steven 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study is to develop a scar detection method for routine computed tomography angiography (CTA) imaging using deep convolutional neural networks (CNN), which relies solely on anatomical information as input and is compatible with existing clinical workflows.Background: Identifying cardiac patients with scar tissue is important for assisting diagnosis and guiding interventions. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard for scar imaging; however, there are common instances where it is contraindicated. CTA is an alternative imaging modality that has fewer contraindications and is faster than Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging but is unable to reliably image scar.Methods: A dataset of LGE MRI (200 patients, 83 with scar) was used to train and validate a CNN to detect ischemic scar slices using segmentation masks as input to the network. MRIs were segmented to produce 3D left ventricle meshes, which were sampled at points along the short axis to extract anatomical masks, with scar labels from LGE as ground truth. The trained CNN was tested with an independent CTA dataset (25 patients, with ground truth established with paired LGE MRI). Automated segmentation was performed to provide the same input format of anatomical masks for the network. The CNN was compared against manual reading of the CTA dataset by 3 experts.Results: Note that 84.7% cross-validated accuracy (AUC: 0.896) for detecting scar slices in the left ventricle on the MRI data was achieved. The trained network was tested against the CTA-derived data, with no further training, where it achieved an 88.3% accuracy (AUC: 0.901). The automated pipeline outperformed the manual reading by clinicians.Conclusion: Automatic ischemic scar detection can be performed from a routine cardiac CTA, without any scar-specific imaging or contrast agents. This requires only a single acquisition in the cardiac cycle. In a clinical setting, with near zero additional cost, scar presence could be detected to triage images, reduce reading times, and guide clinical decision-making.
Right Ventricular Function and Its Coupling With Pulmonary Circulation in Precapillary Pulmonary Hypertension: A Three-Dimensional Echocardiographic Study
Authors: Li Yidan , Guo Dichen , Gong Juanni , Wang Jianfeng , Huang Qiang , Yang Shu , Zhang Xinyuan , Hu Huimin , Jiang Zhe , Yang Yuanhua , Lu Xiuzhang 
Published: July 2021

Objective: To assess right ventricular (RV) function and RV-pulmonary arterial (PA) coupling by three-dimensions echocardiography and investigate the ability of RV-PA coupling to predict adverse clinical outcomes in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH).Methods: We retrospectively collected a longitudinal cohort of 203 consecutive precapillary PH patients. RV volume, RV ejection fraction (RVEF), and RV longitudinal strain (RVLS) were quantitatively determined offline by 3D echocardiography. RV-PA coupling parameters including the RVEF/PA systolic pressure (PASP) ratio, pulmonary arterial compliance (PAC), and total pulmonary resistance (TPR) were recorded.Results: Over a median follow-up period of 20.9 months (interquartile range, 0.1–67.4 months), 87 (42.9%) of 203 patients experienced adverse clinical outcomes. With increasing World Health Organization functional class (WHO-FC), significant trends were observed in increasing RV volume, decreasing RVEF, and worsening RVLS. RV arterial coupling (RVAC) and PAC were lower and TPR was higher for WHO-FC III+IV than WHO-FC I or II. The RVEF/PASP ratio showed a significant correlation with RVLS. RVAC had a stronger correlation with the RVEF/PASP ratio than other indices. Multivariate Cox proportional-hazard analysis identified a lower 3D RVEF and worse RVLS as strong predictors of adverse clinical events. RVAC, TPR, and PAC had varying degrees of predictive value, with optimal cutoff values of 0.74, 11.64, and 1.18, respectively.Conclusions: Precapillary-PH with RV-PA uncoupling as expressed by a RVEF/PASP ratio &lt;0.44 was associated with adverse clinical outcomes. PAC decreased and TPR increased with increasing WHO-FC, with TPR showing better independent predictive value.
Correlation of Myocardial Strain and Late Gadolinium Enhancement by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance After a First Anterior ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Yu Shiqin , Zhou Jinying , Yang Kai , Chen Xiuyu , Zheng Yucong , Zhao Kankan , Song Jialin , Ji Keshan , Zhou Peng , Yan Hongbing , Zhao Shihua 
Published: July 2021

Objectives: To investigate the correlation of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) feature-tracking with conventional CMR parameters in patients with a first anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods: This sub-analysis of OCTAMI (Optical Coherence Tomography Examination in Acute Myocardial Infarction) registry included 129 patients who finished a CMR examination 1 month after a first anterior STEMI. Cine images were applied to calculate both global and segmental left ventricular peak strain parameters. The patients were divided into two groups by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and compared with 42 healthy controls. Segmental late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was graded according to LGE transmurality as follows: (1) &gt;0 to ≤ 25%; (2) &gt;25 to ≤ 50%; (3) &gt;50 to ≤ 75%; (4) &gt;75%. Left ventricle was divided into infarcted, adjacent, and remote regions to assess regional function.Results: Compared with controls, global radial (28.39 ± 5.08% vs. 38.54 ± 9.27%, p &lt; 0.05), circumferential (−16.91 ± 2.11% vs. −20.77 ± 2.78%, p &lt; 0.05), and longitudinal (−13.06 ± 2.15 vs. −15.52 ± 2.69, p &lt; 0.05) strains were impaired in STEMI patients with normal LVEF (≥55%). Strain parameters were strongly associated with LGE (radial: r = 0.65; circumferential: r = 0.69; longitudinal: r = 0.61; all p &lt; 0.05). A significant and stepwise impairment of global strains was observed in groups divided by LGE tertiles. Furthermore, segmental strain was different in various degrees of LGE transmurality especially for radial and circumferential strain. Strains of adjacent region were better than infarcted region in radial and circumferential directions and worse than remote region in all three directions.Conclusion: Global and regional strain could stratify different extent and transmurality of LGE, respectively. Although without LGE, adjacent region had impaired strains comparing with remote region.
Antiviral Therapy for Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)-Induced Anterior Uveitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Testi Ilaria , Aggarwal Kanika , Jaiswal Nishant , Dahiya Neha , Thng Zheng Xian , Agarwal Aniruddha , Ahuja Alka , Duggal Mona , Kankaria Ankita , Ling Ho Su , Chee Soon-Paik , Westcott Mark , Pavesio Carlos , Agrawal Rupesh , Gupta Vishali 
Published: July 2021

Topic: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) are the most common ocular pathogens associated with infectious anterior uveitis. Currently, there are a number of antiviral agents administered to treat viral anterior uveitis (VAU). However, there is no consensus or guidelines about the most appropriate approach leading for the best treatment outcomes with fewer ocular complications.Clinical Relevance: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of different antiviral therapies in the management of anterior uveitis secondary to HSV and VZV.Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, OVID, and Embase up to January 2020. Randomized trials, non-randomized intervention studies, controlled before and after studies and observational studies assessing the effect of oral and or topical treatments for VAU were considered. Data extraction and analysis with evaluation of the risk of bias in the included trials were performed.Results: Oral acyclovir demonstrated a statistically significant good treatment outcome in the management of VZV anterior uveitis (vs. placebo) (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.11–0.59), but did not have similar effect in HSV anterior uveitis (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.15–1.50). In the treatment of VZV anterior uveitis, there was significant superiority of oral acyclovir−7 day course—over topical acyclovir (OR 4.17, 95% CI 1.28–13.52). Whereas, there was no significant superiority of one of the following treatment regimens over the others: topical acyclovir over topical corticosteroids (OR 1.86, 95% CI 0.67–5.17), and oral acyclovir−7 day course—over oral acyclovir−14 day course—(OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.01–4.50) or oral valaciclovir (OR 1.40, 95% CI 0.48–4.07).Conclusion: Treatment of HSV and VZV anterior uveitis is currently based on individual experiences and limited literature, largely due to weak clinical trial evidence in this regard. Our results highlight the existence of a substantial gap in our evidence base. This finding might contribute to future research studies to ascertain the role of different antiviral therapies in the treatment of VAU.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO registration number: CRD420202 00404.
The Effect of Preoperative Antiplatelet Therapy on Early Postoperative Rehemorrhage and Outcomes in Patients With Spontaneous Intracranial Hematoma
Authors: Yang Junhua , Liu Qingyuan , Mo Shaohua , Wang Kaiwen , Li Maogui , Wu Jun , Jiang Pengjun , Yang Shuzhe , Guo Rui , Yang Yi , Zhang Jiaming , Liu Yang , Cao Yong , Wang Shuo 
Published: July 2021

Background and PurposeThe effect of antiplatelet therapy (APT) on early postoperative rehemorrhage and outcomes of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is still unclear. This study is to evaluate the effect of preoperative APT on early postoperative rehemorrhage and outcomes in ICH patients.MethodsThis was a multicenter cohort study. ICH patients undergoing surgery were divided into APT group and no antiplatelet therapy (nAPT) group according to whether patients received APT or not. Chi-square test, t-test, and Mann–Whitney U test were used to compare the differences in variables, postoperative rehematoma, and outcomes between groups. Multivariate logistics regression analysis was used to correct for confounding variables, which were different in group comparison.ResultsOne hundred fifty ICH patients undergoing surgical treatment were consecutively included in this study. Thirty five (23.33%) people were included in the APT group, while 115 (76.67%) people were included in the nAPT group. The incidence of early postoperative rehemorrhage in the APT group was significantly higher than that in the nAPT group (25.7% VS 10.4%, p = 0.047 &lt; 0.05). After adjustment for age, ischemic stroke history, and ventricular hematoma, preoperative APT had no significant effect on early postoperative rehemorrhage (p = 0.067). There was no statistical difference between the two groups in early poorer outcomes (p = 0.222) at 14 days after surgery. After adjustment for age, ischemic stroke history, and ventricular hematoma, preoperative APT also had no significant effect on early poorer modified Rankin Scale (mRS) (p = 0.072).ConclusionIn conclusion, preoperative APT appears to be safe and have no significant effect on early postoperative rehematoma and outcomes in ICH patients.