bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DFT study on the gold(I)-catalyzed cycloaddition and rearrangement reactions of allene-containing allylic silyl ether
Authors: Zhao Yamei , Huo MengDan , Zhou HongJi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The DFT calculation of the B3LYP level was carried out to explore the reaction mechanism of the synthesis of spirocyclo[4, 5]decane skeleton by gold-catalyzed allenyl compounds. The more accurate energy under the CH3CN solvent in the experiment is calculated by the single point energy of the SMD model. Computational studies have shown that the reaction consists of three main steps: intramolecular cycloaddition of the end group carbon atoms of allenyl and vinyl groups, the semipinacol rearrangement process in which the four-membered ring is reconstructed into the five-membered ring, the elimination reaction releases the catalyst and obtains the product. The calculation results show that Zheng et al. reported that the gold-catalyzed synthesis reaction can easily occur under the experimental conditions due to its low activation free energy (12.42–16.79 kcal/mol). Furthermore, it was found that the MOMO(CH2)2 substituent has higher reactivity than the corresponding reactant of the phenyl substituent.
What can the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 tell us : a meta-analysis
Authors: He Yuanyuan , Bai Xiaojie , Zhu Tiantian , Huang Jialin , Zhang Hong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Covid-19 became a global pandemic in 2019. Studies have shown that coronavirus can cause neurological symptoms, but clinical studies on its neurological symptoms are limited. In this meta-analysis, we aim to gather and discuss COVID-19 various neurological symptoms of infection, and to assess the prevalence of each of the nervous system symptoms, and characterized by neurological in-depth discussions of nervous system damage mechanism, biomarkers and inspection methods, recovery and prognosis, and provide the research behind the potential target and direction.

Methods

We systematically searched all published English literature related to the neurological manifestations of COVID-19 from January 1, 2020 to November 20, 2020 in Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane library.The keywords used were COVID-19 and terminology related to nervous system performance.All included studies were selected by two independent reviewers using EndNote and NoteExpress software, any disagreement was resolved by consensus or by a third reviewer, and the selected data was then collected for meta-analysis using a random-effects model.

Results

A total of 62 articles (n =32729) were included in the study, and the meta-analysis showed that the most common neurological manifestations of COVID-19 were altered mental status (39% ; 95% CI 0.17-0.64 ; I 2 98.59%), encephalopathy (37% ; 95% CI 0.17-0.60 ; I 2 97.36%), myalgia(31% ; 95% CI 0.25-0.38; I 2 98.79%), headache(30% ; 95% CI 0.22-0.37; I 2 99.28%), smell impairment(28% ; 95% CI 99.57% ; I 2 0.17-0.39), taste dysfunction (27% ; 95% CI 0.18 -0.38 ; I 2 99.35%), acute ischemic stroke (23% ; 95% CI 0.06-0.47 ; I 2 99.30%), alteration of consciousness(17% ; 95% CI 0.06-0.31 ; I 2 96.78%), dizziness (10% ; 95% CI 0.06-0.15; I 2 95.30%), intracerebral haemorrhage (7% ; 95% CI 0.02-0.14 ; I 2 93.64%), vision impairment(5% ; 95% CI 0.02-0.10 ; I 2 92.73%), seizure(2% ; 95% CI 0.01-0.04 ; I 2 84.67%).

Conclusions

Neurological symptoms are common and varied in Covid-19 infections, and a growing number of reports suggest that the prevalence of neurological symptoms may be increasing. In the future, the role of COVID-19 neurological symptoms in the progression of COVID-19 should be further studied, and its pathogenesis and assessment methods should be explored, so as to detect and treat early neurological complications of COVID-19 and reduce mortality.
Studies on Clarification of Coal Washery Effluent Using Polymeric Flocculants and Settling Kinetics
Authors: Pimpalkar Sarika Narayanrao , Suresh Nikkam , Singh Gurdeep 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Settling tests were conducted on the washery effluent using three types of flocculants namely cationic (Telfloc-3674F), anionic (Magna-1011) and non-ionic (Nalco-83370 + ). For the study purpose coal washery effluent (having pH of 8.72) was collected from a newly commissioned plant-thickener. Tests were conducted by varying the pH of the pulp at three levels of acidic (4.0), alkaline (11.0) and the natural pH (8.72) of the as collected effluent, besides the flocculent dosages varied at four levels (2, 4, 6 and 8gpt) for each of the flocculants stated. The results of these tests, estimated in terms of initial settling rate and turbidity indicated that; among the three flocculants tested Telfloc-3674F and Magna-1011 gave best results as compared to Nalco-83370 + flocculent at a washery water pH 8.72. The effect of molecular weight of the flocculants on settling of solids in effluent has been established in terms of the kinetics with a characteristic number for each of the type of flocculants used.
Broadband Absorber Using Ultra-thin Plasmonic Metamaterials Nanostructure in the Visible and Near-Infrared Regions
Authors: Elrashidi Ali 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this work, an ultra-thin plasmonic metamaterial nanostructure absorber is simulated using finite difference time domain method in the visible and near infrared regions. A metamaterial, metal-insulator-metal, of a periodic structure of titanium-silica cap mounted on a top of a silver substrate covered by glass substrate is introduced in this paper. The glass substrate is used to enhance the absorption bandwidth by 276%, from 510 nm to 1410 nm. An almost perfect absorber, over 90% of the incident light, has been obtained for wavelengths from 440 nm to 1850 nm which produces an absorption bandwidth of 1410 nm. The square base unit cell dimensions of the silver substrate and of the cap are simulated and found as 250 nm and 200 nm consequently. The effect of using different materials for the top of the cap and for the insulator are also tested. The considered materials are titanium, nickel, silver, aluminum, and gold; however, the insulators are silica, quartz, vanadium dioxide, methyl methacrylate, and aluminium dioxide. In addition, aluminium, silver, copper, and gold are then simulated as a substrate metal. The optimum structure, which produce the maximum absorber bandwidth, 1410 nm, with a higher absorption, over 90%, is Glass-Ti-SiO2-Ag. Finally, the absorption bandwidth is calculated using different polarization angle, from 100 to 700 with a step100.
Two new Painlev´e integrable KdV–Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff (KdV-CBS) equation and new negative-order KdV-CBS equation
Authors: Wazwaz Abdul-Majid 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this work, we develop two new (3+1)-dimensional KdV–Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff (KdV-CBS) equation and (3+1)-dimensional negative-order KdV-CBS (nKdV-nCBS) equation. The newly developed equations pass the Painlev´e integrability test via examining the compatibility conditions for each developed model. We examine the dispersion relation and derive multiple soliton solutions for each new equation.
Clinical, Pathological and Radiologic Features of Minute Pulmonary Meningothelial-like Nodules
Authors: Wen Zhexu , Zhang Yang , Fu Fangqiu , Ma Zelin , Deng Chaoqiang , Ma Xiangyi , Hu Hong , Sun Yihua , Chen haiquan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Reports about the radiologic features of minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodules are sparse. This study aims to investigate the radiologic features of minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodules. Method: From January 2016 to April 2019, 7589 patients underwent pulmonary resections at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. Postoperative pathology records were reviewed retrospectively. Fifty-nine patients with minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodule were included. The identification of minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodules in pathology specimen included pathologically confirmed in resected nodules, and discovery in the peripheral tissue of other resected nodules incidentally. We went back and checked all the pre-operative scans of patients to analyze surgical decision and observe any change of visible minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodule over time. Clinic, radiologic and pathological features were collected.Result: 59 patients included 10 men and 49 women, with a mean age of 57.7. 5 patients had history while 54 patients were non-smokers. 79 minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodules was found. Of them, 36 nodules were not visible on computed tomography scan. 43 nodules were visible on computed tomography scan, with an average size of 5.3mm in 29 patients. Computed tomography appearance included pure ground-glass opacity in 36, mixed in 2 and solid nodules in 5. Nearly half of patients had a pre-operative follow-up more than 6 months (13/29, 44.8%). The median pre-operative radiologic follow-up was 4.9 months. Approximately 90% of patients underwent pulmonary surgery because of other malignant nodule on chest computed tomography scan (52/59, 88.1%). Conclusion: Most minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodules tend to present as ground-glass opacity, especially pure ground-glass opacity. Continuous computed tomography monitoring revealed no radiologic change over time. Continuous computed tomography monitoring was necessary part of management of minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodule.
Dynamic remodeling of presynaptic endoplasmic reticulum is coordinated through actin and microtubule crosstalk and contributes to defective stimulus-response in Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: Sendtner Michael , Deng Chunchu , Moradi Mehri , Reinhard Sebastian , Doose Sören , Hennlein Luisa , Jablonka Sibylle , Sauer Markus 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Axonal degeneration and defects in neuromuscular neurotransmission represent a pathological hallmark in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and other forms of motoneuron disease. These pathological changes do not only base on altered axonal and presynaptic architecture, but also on alterations in dynamic movements of organelles and subcellular structures that are not necessarily reflected by static histopathological changes. In neurons, a highly dynamic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) network exists in the axonal and presynaptic compartment which regulates Ca2+ homeostasis and synapse maintenance. However, the mechanisms of its dynamic regulation and mechanisms of dysfunction that contribute to neurodegeneration remain elusive.

Methods

Using high resolution microscopy and life imaging of cultured motoneurons from wildtype and a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy, we investigated the dynamics of the axonal endoplasmic reticulum and ribosome distribution and activation.

Results

These studies revealed that the dynamic remodeling of ER in axonal filopodia of cultured motoneurons depends mainly on actin cytoskeleton. In Smn -deficient motoneurons, movements of ER in filopodia seems to be more affected than in the growth cone core. In addition, ribosome assembly that happens within seconds after exposure to Brain derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF) is reduced in axon terminals of Smn -deficient motoneurons, and also the association with ER as a response to extracellular stimuli is highly disturbed.

Conclusions

These findings do not only define a novel function of presynaptic ER in dynamic regulation of local translation. They also implicate impaired dynamic movements of axonal and presynaptic ER as a contributor to the pathophysiology of SMA and possibly also other neurodegenerative diseases.
Toxicity effects of Ciprofloxacin on biochemical parameters, histological characteristics, and behaviors of Corbicula fluminea in different substrates
Authors: Guo Xiaoyu , Feng Chenghong , Bi Zhe , Islam Akhtar , Cai Yanpeng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Antibiotic toxicity and antibiotic resistance have become significant challenges to human health. However, the potential ecotoxicity of sediment-associated antibiotics remains unknown. In this study, the biochemical responses, histological changes, and behavioral responses of Corbicula fluminea (C. fluminea) exposed to sediment-associated ciprofloxacin (CIP) were systemically investigated. Special attention was paid to the influence of different substrate types. Biochemical analyses revealed that the balance of the antioxidant system was disrupted, eventually leading to oxidative damage to the gills and digestive gland with increasing CIP concentration. Severe histopathological changes appeared along with the oxidative damage. An enlargement of the tubule lumen and thinning of the epithelium in the digestive gland were observed under exposure to high CIP concentrations (0.5 and 2.5 µg/g CIP). In a behavioral assay, the siphoning of C. fluminea in the high concentration exposure groups was clearly inhibited. Moreover, from the integrated biomarker response (IBR) index, the toxicity response gradients of the digestive gland (no substrate–NOS > Sand > Sand and kaolinite clay– SKC > Sand, kaolinite clay, and organic matter–SCO) and gills (NOS > SCO > SKC > Sand) were different among substrate exposure groups. The most serious histopathological damage and highest siphoning inhibition were observed in the NOS group. The changes in the morphological structure of digestive gland cells in C. fluminea were similar in the other three substrate groups. The inhibition of the filtration rate in the higher concentration groups decreased in the order Sand > SKC > SCO.
Integrated Deep Auto-Encoder and Q-learning-based Deep Learning Scheme to detect anomalies from log data for supporting forensics in Cloud Computing
Authors: P Savaridassan , G. Maragatham 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The cloud computing environment when deployed correctly is responsible for delivering scalability, cost efficiency, reliability, security and interoperability to the end users. Log analysis is considered to be an indispensable component of security regulations and framework, since these computer-generated records help the organizations, businesses and networks to respond to different kinds of risks that are possible to cloud environment in a reactive and proactive manner. In this paper, an Integrated Deep Auto-Encoder and Q-learning-based Deep Learning (IDEA-QLDL) Scheme is proposed for attaining maximum prediction accuracy during the process of exploring log data and classifying them into genuine and anomalous. It initiates the process of acceptance or denial based on the continuous investigation of behavioral patterns that are highly applicable for classification. The results of the proposed IDEA-QLDL Scheme confirmed its predominance in improving the classification accuracy, precision, recall and detection time compared to the benchmarked schemes considered for investigation.
Influence of natural discontinuities and mechanical properties on the fragmentation of marble by blasting in Central Africa
Authors: Njock Michel Constant , Meli’i Jorelle Larissa , Poufone Yvonne Koffi , Mbouombouo Ibrahim Ngapouth , Tamto Linda Well Have , Arétouyap Zakari , Manguelle-Dicoum Eliézer , Njandjock Philippe Nouck 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This research focuses on the influence of natural discontinuities and mechanical properties in the fragmentation of marble by blasting. These natural discontinuities and mechanical properties are the parameters which are difficult to control and which considerably influence the fragmentation of marble after blasting. This paper aims at predicting the fragmentation of the Bidzar quarry rock, the only marble quarry in Central Africa, while improving the knowledge on it. This quarry has been facing problems of fragmentation of marble blocks for decades, which requires secondary firing and incurs enormous costs. The Kuz-Ram method was used for this study. The dip of the discontinuity planes, the compressive strength, the distance between the discontinuities and the density of the discontinuities are the operational parameters that were used to study the influence of natural discontinuities and the mechanical properties of the rocks on the fragmentation after firing. This work consists precisely in studying the pullability as a function of the dip of the discontinuity planes, then the fragmentation as a function of the powder factor, the compressive strength and the drilling mesh. The results of this study were compared with those of the other authors. Qualitative and quantitative studies were carried out in order to highlight the influence of natural discontinuities and mechanical characteristics on fragmentation. The fragmentation pattern of the Bidzar quarry was examined and compared with those obtained in other regions of the world, namely, Northern Europe, Central America, South-East Asia and West Africa. The variation in the intensity of fragmentation caused on the one hand by differences in the dips of the firing planes and their compressive strength, and on the other hand by the variation in the drilling mesh was also discussed. The prediction test was carried out with seven plans of existing discontinuities in the Bidzar quarry and at different mesh sizes in order to estimate the distribution of the fragments of marble thatcan through the crsuher after being fired. Several suggestions were put forward for the evaluation of the fragmentation. Three practical tables were created to predict the result of the shot. The specific graphs, which were proposed to analyse fragmentation in this quarry, made it possible to assess the quantity of fragments passing through the crusher after firing. Predicting fragmentation by considering the dip of the firing planes and the powder factor can effectively optimise the fragmentation of the rocks by blasting and achieve the desired result.
Assessing the relationship between public spending and economic growth through an endogenous growth model
Authors: Gnangoin Thierry Y. , Du Liangsheng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Public spending is a part of the fiscal policy and one of the government’s main tools to implement its economic policy. With government spending still on the rise in many economies, and the different economic growth levels, especially in low and middle economies, the debate on whether government spending has a positive, negative or neutral impact on economic growth is still raging nowadays. So, in this analysis, we attempt to contribute to this issue by shedding light on this relationship in the case of low, middle, and high-income countries. In so doing, we extend the previous work of Devarajan et al. (1996) and Chu et al. (2020) by considering the nonlinear relationship between disaggregated public spending and economic growth. We also pay attention to the role of public spending on environmental protection, political stability, control of corruption, and the 2008 financial crisis, on economic growth. To reach our objectives, we examine 13 high-income countries and 22 low to middle-income countries for the period 1993–2018 through four estimations techniques: the fixed-effects approach; the pooled standard errors Driscoll-Kraay (1998), the panel feasible generalized least squares, and the difference GMM with orthogonal deviations.
Rest Profoundly Protects Against Cardiac Remodeling and Benefits Repair
Authors: Martino Tami , Reitz Cristine , Alibhai Faisal , Khatua Tarak , Pyle W. Glen 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide1. Although rest has long been considered beneficial to patients2, remarkably there are no evidence-based experimental models determining how it benefits disease outcomes. Here, we create a novel experimental rest model in mice, whereby light-induced manipulation of the circadian system briefly extends the rest period by 4 hours each morning. We found, in two different cardiovascular disease conditions (cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial infarction), that imposing a short, extended period of rest each day persistently reduces cardiac remodeling, as compared to control mice subjected to only normal periods of rest, supporting the therapeutic benefits of rest to slow functional decompensation in heart disease. Mechanistically, rest reduces hemodynamic stress on the cardiovascular system, imposing changes on myofilament contractile function in the heart independently consistent within each disease phenotype. Molecular analyses reveal attenuation of cardiac remodeling genes, consistent with the benefits on cardiac structure and function. These same cardiac remodeling genes underlie the pathophysiology of many major human cardiovascular conditions, as demonstrated by interrogating open-source transcriptomic data, and thus patients with other conditions may also benefit from a morning rest period in a similar manner. In summary, we report that rest is a key driver of physiology, leading to the development of an entirely new field on the nature of rest, and provide a strong rationale for advancement of rest based therapy for major clinical diseases.
Phosphodiesterase 4D promotes angiotensin II-induced hypertension in mice via smooth muscle cell contraction
Authors: Fan Tianfei , Hou Yangfeng , Ge Weipeng , Fan Tianhui , Guo Wenjun , Song Xiaomin , Gao Ran , Wang Jing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Hypertension is a common chronic disease, which leads to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and its prevalence is increasing. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA) pathway participates in multiple cardiovascular diseases. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 has been shown to regulate PKA activity via cAMP specific hydrolysis. However, whether PDE4-cAMP-PKA pathway influences hypertension remains unknown. Herein, we reveal that PDE4D (one of PDE4 isoforms) expression is upregulated in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertensive mice aortas. Furthermore, knockout of Pde4d in mouse smooth muscle cells (SMCs) attenuate Ang II-induced high BP, arterial wall media thickening, vascular fibrosis and vasocontraction. Upon further investigation, we find that Pde4d deficiency activate PKA-AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathway to inhibit myosin phosphatase targeting subunit 1-myosin light chain phosphorylation, relieving Ang II-induced SMC contraction in vitro and in vivo. These results indicate that PDE4D may be a potential target for hypertension therapy.