bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Trails of Free-Roaming Elephants
Authors: Keil Paul G. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Humans and elephants have historically shared the forested mountain ranges of Zomia, a geography defined by the regular movement of people and an ecology shaped by the movement of its elephant population. This article will examine how free-roaming elephant pathways facilitated human mobility in the highlands defining the Indo-Myanmar border. It will analyze the more-than-human agency that emerges when following elephant trails and the varying role this forest infrastructure might have played in the social and political history of the region. The article will explore two historical examples. First, the migration of a Lisu community in Upper Myanmar who utilized elephant paths to navigate their passage. Second, how the British Empire exploited a network of elephant-human tracks to subjugate the peoples living in Mizoram, northeast India. In these regions the patterns of migration, history of colonization, and identities and practices of communities must be understood in relation to wild elephants.
LGBT Refugees and the Visual Representation of Transnational Mobility
Authors: van der Wal Ernst 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article examines how photographic interviews can be used to represent the life stories of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender refugees. Transnational and cross-border movements have a significant impact on the photographic and narrative self-representation of such refugees. By focusing on the example of a photographic interview project, The Story That Travelled, this article demonstrates how ideas surrounding community, citizenship, and transnational mobility are interpreted and visualized by refugees who have fled their countries of origin because of their sexuality and/or gender. In addition, this article considers how digital technologies impact lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender refugees and their experience and negotiation of borders.
Walking as a Metaphor
Authors: Ray Avishek 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article reflects on the dissenting act of mobility as articulated by migrant workers in India, who, during the nationwide lockdown amid the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, are walking back home, hundreds of miles away, in lieu of public transport. Their mobility—precisely, the act of walking—has thus acquired a metaphoric status, and laid bare the ideological practices of territorializing the city-space. This article argues that the migrant worker's mobility, from within the axiomatic of the prevalent “mobility regime,” can be read as a powerful metaphor of our tensions within the global political-economic order that the pandemic has so starkly exposed. The article provokes less literal, but more literary, understandings of mobilities in general, in order to come to grips with the manifold contradictions, paradoxes, and counteractions in the way the world moves.
Striatal dopamine transporter availability and individual clinical course within the 1-year follow-up of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Löser Julia , Luthardt Julia , Rullmann Michael , Weise David , Sabri Osama , Meixensberger Jürgen , Hesse Swen , Winkler Dirk 
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVEDegeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra projecting to the striatum is responsible for the motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is a well-established procedure to alleviate these symptoms in advanced PD. Yet the mechanism of action, especially the effects of STN-DBS on the availability of striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) as a marker of nigrostriatal nerve cell function, remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate whether 1) DAT availability changes within 1 year of STN-DBS and 2) the clinical outcome can be predicted based on preoperative DAT availability.METHODSTwenty-seven PD patients (mean age 62.7 ± 8.9 years; mean duration of illness 13.0 ± 4.9 years; PD subtypes: akinetic-rigid, n = 11; equivalence, n = 13; and tremor-dominant, n = 3) underwent [123I]FP-CIT SPECT preoperatively and after 1 year of STN-DBS. DAT availability as determined by the specific binding ratio (SBR) was assessed by volume of interest (VOI) analysis of the caudate nucleus and the putamen ipsilateral and contralateral to the clinically more affected side.RESULTSUnified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) III scores improved significantly (mean preoperative on medication 25.6 ± 12.3, preoperative off medication 42.3 ± 15.2, postoperative on medication/off stimulation 41.4 ± 13.2, and postoperative on medication/on stimulation 16.1 ± 9.4; preoperative on medication vs postoperative on medication/on stimulation, p = 0.006), while the levodopa-equivalent daily dose was reduced (mean preoperative 957 ± 440 mg vs postoperative 313 ± 189 mg, p < 0.001). The SBR did not differ significantly before and 1 year after DBS, regardless of PD subtype. Preoperative DAT availability was not related to the change in UPDRS III score, but the change in DAT availability was significantly correlated with the change in UPDRS III score (contralateral head of the caudate VOI, p = 0.014; contralateral putamen VOI, p = 0.018).CONCLUSIONSOverall, DAT availability did not change significantly after 1 year of STN-DBS. However, on an individual basis, the improvement in UPDRS III score was associated with an increase in DAT availability, whereas DAT availability before STN-DBS surgery did not predict the clinical outcome. Whether a subtype-specific pattern of preoperative DAT availability can become a reliable predictor of successful STN-DBS must be evaluated in larger study cohorts.
Schwann cell delivery via a novel 3D collagen matrix conduit improves outcomes in critical length nerve gap repairs
Authors: Burks S. Shelby , Diaz Anthony , Haggerty Agnes E. , Oliva Natalia de la , Midha Rajiv , Levi Allan D. 
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVEThe current clinical standard of harvesting a nerve autograft for repair of long-segment peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) is associated with many potential complications. Guidance channels offer an alternative therapy. The authors investigate whether autologous Schwann cells (SCs) implanted within a novel collagen-glycosaminoglycan conduit will improve axonal regeneration in a long-segment PNI model.METHODSNovel NeuraGen 3D collagen matrix conduits were implanted with autologous SCs to investigate axonal regeneration across a critical size defect (13 mm) in male Fischer rat sciatic nerve. Reversed sciatic nerve autografts served as positive controls, and conduits filled with serum only as negative controls. Electrophysiological assessments were made in vivo. Animals were killed at 4 or 16 weeks postinjury, muscle weights were measured, and grafts underwent immunohistochemical and morphometric analysis.RESULTSSC survival was confirmed by the presence of green fluorescent protein–labeled SCs within regenerated fibers. Regeneration and elongation of myelinated axons in all segments of the graft were significantly enhanced at 16 weeks in the SC-filled conduits compared to the conduit alone and were statistically similar to those of the autograft. Nerves repaired with SC-filled conduits exhibited onset latencies and nerve conduction amplitudes similar to those of the contralateral controls and autograft (p < 0.05). Adding SCs to the conduit also significantly reduced muscle atrophy compared to conduit alone (p < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONSRepair of long-segment PNI of rat sciatic nerve is significantly enhanced by SC-filled NeuraGen 3D conduits. Improvements in the total number of myelinated axons, axon diameter, and myelin thickness throughout SC-filled conduits allow for significant recovery in nerve conduction and a decrease in muscle atrophy.
Stereotactic radiosurgery as the first-line treatment for intracanalicular vestibular schwannomas
Authors: Ogino Akiyoshi , Lunsford L. Dade , Long Hao , Johnson Stephen , Faramand Andrew , Niranjan Ajay , Flickinger John C. , Kano Hideyuki 
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVEThis report evaluates the outcomes of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) as the first-line treatment of intracanalicular vestibular schwannomas (VSs).METHODSBetween 1987 and 2017, the authors identified 209 patients who underwent SRS as the primary intervention for a unilateral intracanalicular VS. The median patient age was 54 years (range 22–85 years); 94 patients were male and 115 were female. Three patients had facial neuropathy at the time of SRS. One hundred fifty-five patients (74%) had serviceable hearing (Gardner-Robertson [GR] grades I and II) at the time of SRS. The median tumor volume was 0.17 cm3 (range 0.015–0.63 cm3). The median margin dose was 12.5 Gy (range 11.0–25.0 Gy). The median maximum dose was 24.0 Gy (range 15.7–50.0 Gy).RESULTSThe progression-free survival rates of all patients with intracanalicular VS were 97.5% at 3 years, 95.6% at 5 years, and 92.1% at 10 years. The rates of freedom from the need for any additional intervention were 99.4% at 3 years, 98.3% at 5 years, and 98.3% at 10 years. The serviceable hearing preservation rates in GR grade I and II patients at the time of SRS were 76.6% at 3 years, 63.5% at 5 years, and 27.3% at 10 years. In univariate analysis, younger age (< 55 years, p = 0.011), better initial hearing (GR grade I, p < 0.001), and smaller tumor volumes (< 0.14 cm3, p = 0.016) were significantly associated with improved hearing preservation. In multivariate analysis, better hearing (GR grade I, p = 0.001, HR 2.869, 95% CI 1.569–5.248) and smaller tumor volumes (< 0.14 cm3, p = 0.033, HR 2.071, 95% CI 1.059–4.047) at the time of SRS were significantly associated with improved hearing preservation. The hearing preservation rates of patients with GR grade I VS were 88.1% at 3 years, 77.9% at 5 years, and 38.1% at 10 years. The hearing preservation rates of patients with VSs smaller than 0.14 cm3 were 85.5% at 3 years, 77.7% at 5 years, and 42.6% at 10 years. Facial neuropathy developed in 1.4% from 6 to 156 months after SRS.CONCLUSIONSSRS provided sustained tumor control in more than 90% of patients with intracanalicular VS at 10 years and freedom from the need for additional intervention in more than 98% at 10 years. Patients with initially better hearing and smaller VSs had enhanced serviceable hearing preservation during an observation interval up to 10 years after SRS.
Narrar a minha experiência ou como buscar o lirismo em tempos de incertezas
Authors: Cunha Maria Amália Almeida 
Published: February 2021

Este artigo, narrado em primeira pessoa, busca fazer uma meta reflexão da experiência vivida pela autora através do registro diário durante 63 dias ininterruptos durante a pandemia. A vivencia deste processo percorreu três estados, chamados pelo autora de aporia, maiêutica e epistemia. Como resultado, elege o conceito de ressonância como uma concepção fundamental da fenomenologia- ‘ser posto em um mundo’ ou ‘reencontrar-se num mundo que possui sentido para nós’. Este reencontro é percebido como o encontro do sujeito com o mundo. Pensar, refletir, escrever, narrar e contar outras experiências de ressonância talvez seja uma das saídas possíveis diante da aporia colocada pela pandemia.
Educação em tempos de pandemia: narrativas de professoras(es) de escolas públicas rurais
Authors: De Souza Maria Antônia , Pereira Maria de Fátima Rodrigues , Fontana Maria Iolanda 
Published: February 2021

Este trabalho resulta da pesquisa com narrativas coletivas de professores que trabalham predominantemente em escolas rurais na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba. O objetivo é compreender a política de ensino remoto e suas condições de realização no contexto rural. Tem como referência teórico-metodológica a pesquisa com narrativas e a compreensão de que o contexto da pandemia evidencia as desigualdades sociais no país, em particular nos territórios rurais. A precariedade de sinais de Internet/telefônicos no campo, condições das estradas, baixa densidade demográfica e condições socioeconômicas comprovam diferenças regionais e territoriais. As narrativas são construídas por oito professores colaboradores, mediante diálogo em grupo coletivo constituído na plataforma do WhatsApp. Duas questões são lançadas para provocar as narrativas: política local e a condições de trabalho dos professores no contexto do distanciamento social. As narrativas indicam a sobrecarga de trabalho de professor, sendo a maior parte atividade mecânica que esgota e deprime. Embora os professores estejam no centro do trabalho pedagógico remoto eles enfrentam perda de direitos e um discurso político-pedagógico que coloca a tecnologia educacional no centro do cenário, que secundariza o trabalho e o esforço empreendido por eles.
Histórias de vida de imigrantes portugueses no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Santos Miriam Oliveira 
Published: February 2021

Desde que Thomas e Zanieck escreveram seu famoso trabalho utilizando cartas de imigrantes poloneses, a Antropologia se debruça sobre os pequenos registros da vida cotidiana: cartas, diários e até mesmo cardápios e receitas. No Brasil, várias famílias pagaram pela publicação de livros com a história de vida dos seus avós ou bisavós. No entanto, podemos observar que essa é uma produção extremamente concentrada em algumas etnias: alemães e judeus, sobretudo. Por outro lado, apesar de serem a maioria dos imigrantes históricos entrados no Brasil, portugueses e espanhóis possuem pouquíssimas biografias publicadas. Nos últimos anos, com a popularização da história oral, vários depoimentos foram gravados e, especialmente no caso dos imigrantes, as entrevistas aconteciam com os mais idosos, buscando resolver também as lacunas deixadas pelo fato dos imigrantes de algumas nacionalidades terem chegado ao Brasil em grupos onde predominavam os analfabetos ou semialfabetizados. Neste artigo buscamos analisar algumas histórias de vida de imigrantes portugueses estabelecidos na zona rural da cidade do Rio de Janeiro.
A permission-dependent type system for secure information flow analysis
Authors: Xu Zhiwu , Chen Hongxu , Tiu Alwen , Liu Yang , Sareen Kunal 
Published: February 2021

We introduce a novel type system for enforcing secure information flow in an imperative language. Our work is motivated by the problem of statically checking potential information leakage in Android applications. To this end, we design a lightweight type system featuring Android permission model, where the permissions are statically assigned to applications and are used to enforce access control in the applications. We take inspiration from a type system by Banerjee and Naumann to allow security types to be dependent on the permissions of the applications. A novel feature of our type system is a typing rule for conditional branching induced by permission testing, which introduces a merging operator on security types, allowing more precise security policies to be enforced. The soundness of our type system is proved with respect to non-interference. A type inference algorithm is also presented for the underlying security type system, by reducing the inference problem to a constraint solving problem in the lattice of security types. In addition, a new way to represent our security types as reduced ordered binary decision diagrams is proposed.
Implementasi Pelaporan Barang Milik Daerah (BMD) Pada Kantor Sekretariat DPRD Kota Magelang
Authors: Lasturi Destria Hening , Sunaningsih Suci Nasehati 
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas implementasi pelaporan barang milik daerah di Kantor Sekretariat Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kota Magelang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pelaporan barang milik daerah (BMD) di Kantor Sekretariat Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kota Magelang mengacu pada peraturan walikota Magelang Nomor 76 Tahun 2019. Pelaporan dilakukan secara tepat waktu, transparan dan akurat sehingga hasilnya dapat dipertanggungjawabkan, namun pada pelaksanaanya masih terdapat beberapa kendala karena terdapat kesalahan saat menginput, seperti kode barang dan klasifikasi barang salah, jumlah barang dan harga perolehan yang tidak sama dengan akuntansi.
Kinerja Karyawan PT IPA Abong Wonosobo
Authors: Prowoto Eko , Affandi Achmad 
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh employee engagemen terhadap kinerja karyawan, pengaruh komitmen karyawan terhadap kinerja karyawan, Peran organizational citizenship behavior pada pengaruh employee engagemen dan komitmen karyawan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan PT. IPA Abong Wonosobo. Mengadopsi pendekatan metode kuantitatif, studi ini menggunakan purposive sampling dan data diperoleh dari kuesioner. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan Partial Least Squares (PLS) Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dan analisis isi hasil menunjukkan bahwa employee engagemen dan komitmen karyawan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan (H1 dan H2 diterima). OCB memainkan pengaruh mediasi yang penting terhadap pengaruh employee engagemen terhadap kinerja karyawan (H3 diterima). Juga ditemukan OCB tidak mampu menjadi variabel mediasi terhadap pengaruh komitmen karyawan terhadap kinerja karyawan (H4 ditolak).
Peningkatan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Materi Sistem Ekskresi Melalui Inkuiri Terbimbing Pada Siswa SMP Negeri 1 Kemalang
Authors: Prasetyowati Titiek 
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to improve the learning outcomes of class VIII E students of SMP Negeri 1 Kemalang in the 2018 2019 academic year using the Guided Inquiry learning model. This research was a class action research consisting of 2 cycles. Each cycle consists of planning. observation and reflection. Data were taken from students who were the subject of research. The technique of collecting data using observations, written tests and documentation. The data analysis technique used comparative descriptive. The results showed that study stated at the first cycle of student activity were 67% and learning completeness was 73%. In cycle II, student activity was 80 %. Already met the performance indicators ≥75% of students achieved high activity criteria (≥ 75%). Classical completeness increased by 87%, it has met the performance indicator, namely ≥ 85%. So it can be concluded that the guided inquiry learning model can improve student learning outcomes. Keywords: learning activities, learning outcomes, guided inquiry
HUBUNGAN TUNTUTAN PEKERJAAN TERHADAP KEJADIAN STRES KERJA PADA JURNALIS PEREMPUAN DI KOTA PALEMBANG
Authors: Parlinda Mesi , Malaka Tan , Novrikasari Novrikasari 
Published: February 2021

Jurnalis perempuan sangat berisiko mengalami stres kerja karena tugas yang berat dan berisiko dalam mengumpulkan informasi untuk membuat sebuah berita. Profesi sebagai jurnalis yang selalu dikejar deadline dan mobilitas tinggi dapat menimbulkan stres. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis faktor risiko stres kerja pada jurnalis perempuan di Kota Palembang. Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan melibatkan 85 jurnalis perempuan di Kota Palembang yang dipilih secara acak dari Maret hingga Juni 2020. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner Health Safety Executive (HSE) Management Standart Indicator Tools serta wawancara dan observasi langsung oleh psikolog. Hasil analisis menunjukkan jurnalis perempuan yang mengalami stres kerja sebanyak 4 orang (4,7%). Faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terhadap stres kerja adalah tuntutan pekerjaan p-value = 0,005 (OR 0,833; 95% CI 0,697 - 0,997). Dari hasil wawancara dan observasi langsung oleh psikolog didapatkan keempat responden mengalami kecenderungan stres kerja ringan. Faktor risiko yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian stress kerja pada jurnalis perempuan di Kota Palembang adalah tuntutan pekerjaan dan tipe kepribadian. Sedangkan usia, status pernikahan, jumlah anak, lama kerja, masa kerja, desk liputan, kontrol terhadap pekerjaan, dukungan sosial, hubungan interpersonal, peran dan perubahan dalam organisasi tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap stres kerja.
Avaliação da influência da biomassa algal no pós tratamento de esgoto doméstico em lagoas de polimento
Authors: Albuquerque Maria Virgínia da Conceição , Silva Maria Célia Cavalcante de Paula e , Cartaxo Amanda da Silva Barbosa , Ramos Railson de Oliveira , Rodrigues Roberta Milena Moura , Sátiro Josivaldo Rodrigues , Lopes Wilton Silva , Leite Valderi Duarte , Sousa José Tavares de 
Published: February 2021

O presente estudo avaliou influência da biomassa algal no pós tratamento de esgoto doméstico em distintas lagoas de polimento. Para tanto, a pesquisa foi realizada na Estação Experimental de Tratamento Biológico de Esgotos Sanitários (EXTRABES), localizada na cidade de Campina Grande-PB, em duas fases experimentais. Na primeira fase, o sistema experimental era constituído de quatro lagoas, na qual duas lagoas foram monitoradas com alimentação contínua (LC57 e LC45) e duas com alimentação semi contínua (LB57 e LB45). Na segunda fase experimental, foi avaliado o desempenho de três lagoas alimentadas em bateladas (LBT45 e LB245), e uma alimentada continuamente (LC245). Verificou-se que a determinação das concentrações de clorofila-a pôde proporcionar uma estimativa da biomassa fitoplanctônica, no entanto, elas foram facilmente alteradas, por variações da alta incidência luminosa, temperatura, carga orgânica e TDH. Foi observado que o efluente digerido e a biomassa de algas proveniente da lagoa de transbordo com TDH de 2,4 dias na primeira fase do estudo, propiciou um maior desenvolvimento da comunidade fitoplanctônica. Durante a segunda fase, as lagoas de polimento alimentadas em bateladas sequenciais (LB245 e LBT45) apresentaram maiores concentrações de clorofila-a em relação a fase experimental anterior. Concluiu-se que as lagoas de polimento alimentadas em regime de batelada se destacaram por apresentarem remoções superiores às lagoas com alimentação contínua e semi contínua, evidenciando-as como promissora no tratamento de esgoto doméstico. Além de obter excelentes resultados, principalmente nas remoções de nutrientes, foi possível tratar uma quantidade superior de afluente em menos tempo de operação.