bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental Health Stigma and Discrimination in Ethiopia: Evidence Synthesis to Inform Stigma Reduction Interventions
Authors: Girma Eshetu , Ketema Bezawit , Mulatu Tesfahun , Kohrt Brandon A , Wahid Syed Shabab , Heim Eva , Gronholm Petra C , Hanlon Charlotte , Thornicroft Graham 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

People with mental illnesses are at an increased risk of experiencing human rights violations, stigma and discrimination. Even though mental health stigma and discrimination are universal, there appears to be a higher burden in low- and middle-income countries. Anti-stigma interventions need to be grounded in local evidence. The aim of this paper was to synthesize evidence on mental health stigma and discrimination in Ethiopia to inform the development of anti-stigma interventions.
Methods

This evidence synthesis was conducted as a part of formative work for the International Study of Discrimination and Stigma Outcomes (INDIGO) Partnership research program. Electronic searches were conducted using PubMed for scientific articles, and Google Search and Google Scholar were used for grey literature. Records fulfilling eligibility criteria were selected for the evidence synthesis. The findings were synthesized using a framework designed to capture features of mental health stigma to inform cultural adaptation of anti-stigma interventions.
Results

A total of 37 records (2 grey literature and 35 scientific articles) were included in the evidence synthesis. Some of these records were described more than once depending on themes of the synthesis. The records were synthesized under the themes of explanatory models of stigma (3 records on labels and 4 records on symptoms and causes), perceived and experienced forms of stigma (7 records on public stigma, 6 records on structural stigma, 2 records on courtesy stigma and 4 records on self-stigma), impact of stigma on help-seeking (6 records) and interventions to reduce stigma (12 records). Only two intervention studies assessed stigma reduction— one study showed reduced discrimination due to improved access to effective mental health care, whereas the other study did not find evidence on reduction of discrimination following a community-based rehabilitation intervention in combination with facility-based care.
Conclusion

There is widespread stigma and discrimination in Ethiopia which has contributed to under-utilization of available mental health services in the country. This should be addressed with contextually designed and effective stigma reduction interventions that engage stakeholders (service users, service providers, community representatives and service developers and policy makers) so that the United Nations universal health coverage goal for mental health can be achieved in Ethiopia.
Construction and External Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Survival of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Patients Without Lymph Node and Distant Metastasis
Authors: Jiang Chuang , Teng Fei , Tang Yunyou , Zhang Ziqi , Chen Yimin , Chen Zheyu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to construct and external validate a nomogram for predicting overall survival(OS) in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) patients classified as N0M0 according to the 7th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM staging system.Methods:812 ICC patients without distant and lymph node metastasis between 2011 to 2015 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, then randomly assigned to the training cohort(n=648) or internal validation cohort(n=164), external validation cohort consisted of 136 ICC patients with N0M0 stage treated in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 2013 to 2015. The precision of the nomogram was validated internally using SEER validation cohort and externally using the patients’ data of West China Hospital. Results :The nomogram was established to predict 1-year, 3-year and 5-year OS and the calibration curve showed nomogram prediction performance was in good agreement with the actual results. The C‑index of the nomogram was 0.750(95% CI:0.731-0.769) in the training cohort, and the internal and external validated C-indexes were 0.803(95% CI:0.783-0.823) and 0.681(95% CI:0.524-0.838), respectively. In the training, internal and external validation cohort, the 1-year, 3‑year and 5‑year AUCs were (0.772,0.809,0.798),(0.896,0.868,0.896) and (0.673,0.786,0.886), respectively.Conclusions This nomogram has an excellent predictive effect on the 1- ,3-, 5-year OS of ICC patients with stage N0M0 and guide the optimal treatment for these type of patients.
Integrated Framework of Rural Landscape Research: Based on the Global Perspective
Authors: Xie Hualin , Zhu Zhenhong , He Yafen , Zeng Xiaoji , Wen Yuyang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Context In recent years, the important value of rural landscape has been highlighted in tourism, cultural heritage, ecology and other fields, rural landscape research (RLR) has been paid more and more attention by researchers, with the deepening of research, RLR has the characteristics of diversity and complexity.Objectives To understand the development trend of RLR in the past 20 years, the distribution of research power, research hotspots and frontal research, to comb through the relevant results of RLR, to analyze the progress of RLR, and finally to integrate the main contents of RLR in a framework.Methods 735 related literatures were selected from the WoS Core Collection Database, and the papers on RLR from 1992 to 2020 were quantitatively data mined and qualitatively summarized by using Bibliometrics and VOSviwer software for mapping and analysis.Results (1) The number of papers on RLR increased from 1992 to 2020, during which it gradually became a hotspot research field that attracted increasing global attention. (2) From the research strength, Europe has a great influence in RLR, and has issued a series of conventions and protection policies, making its rural landscape become a model of modern rural development. There is little international cooperation and exchange in RLR, which is not conducive to the development of disciplines. Landscape & Urban Planning journals fit the theme of RLR. (3) The five hotspots of RLR are: rural cultural landscape and rural development; rural tourism landscape, the matching of landscape value and landscape perception; urban-rural interaction, land use change and landscape pattern conflict; change of ecosystem service value; rural landscape planning, protection and management.Conclusions RLR has developed from a study based on geography and ecology to a comprehensive research direction combining multidisciplinary and multi-methods of social and economic development, culture and other elements. At present, RLR covers the ecological landscape, production landscape, tourism landscape and cultural landscape of rural landscape system, changes from static pattern of rural landscape to dynamic evolution process, urban-rural interaction, ecosystem service and multifunctional landscape trade-off, and changes from single dimension to multi-dimensional in research paradigm, and combines “3S” technology and various landscape ecological model software. From the perspective of multidisciplinary research, from the perspective of rural landscape system, the correlation and mechanism between rural landscape multifunctionality, and dynamic monitoring and trend simulation, help to clarify the rural landscape multi-functional trade-off ideas and paths to guide the sustainable development of rural areas.
The value of the accessory pathway potential in ablation within coronary sinus
Authors: Sun Xiaolin , Xu Pei , Xia Tian , Bao Zhengyu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
In accessory pathway-related supraventricular tachycardia ablation, coronary sinus (CS) ablation has received more and more attention, but there are no accurate criteria for catheter selection.
Objectives
We intended to develop a new method for the reasonable selection of electrode for coronary sinus ablation via assessing the relationship between the accessory pathway (AP) potential and time of successful ablation.
Methods
Among the patients who had detected the bypass potential during radiofre-quency ablation between 1/1/2015 and 12/31/2019, 30 patients underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) in CS. The relationship between AP potential and time of successful ablation was analyzed.
Results
In CS ablation, the median baseline amplitude of the AP potentials in patients with successful Temperature control catheter (TCC) ablation was higher than that in patients with Irrigated-tip catheter (ITC) following TCC ablation failure (p = 0.02). The optimal cutoff value of the amplitude of the AP potential to guide the selection of a catheter for ablation was 1.07 mV, and the sensitivity and specificity were 80% and 90%, respectively.
Conclusions
The AP potential is helpful for the electrode selection in CS ablation.
Distributed fixed-time cooperative control of an islanded microgrid under event-triggered mechanism
Authors: Xu Deming , Li Ze , Cui Guozeng , Hao Wanjun , Hu Fuyuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The secondary cooperative control problem of an islanded microgrid through event-triggered mechanism is investigated in this paper. A distributed fixedtime secondary cooperative control strategy is proposed to obtain frequency and voltage magnitude secondary restoration, and also a proportional active power sharing under an undirected topology. We consider a centralized event-triggered mechanism to alleviate the communication burden and reduce the frequency of controllers update. Through this mechanism, the distributed fixed-time control protocols using frequency, voltage magnitude and active power sampling measurement values of distributed generations (DGs) only when the predefined event-triggered condition is satisfied. Compared with the conventional distributed asymptotic control protocols under period-triggered communication, the secondary control objectives of an islanded microgrid are achieved within a fixed settling time by applying the presented distributed fixed-time control approach, and the upper bound of settling time is unrelated to any initial states. Meanwhile, the presented centralized event-triggered communication method exhibits excellent performance in alleviating communication burden and promoting control efficiency. The theoretical proof is given by adopting Lyapunov method. The simulation studies are conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
The Trend of the Distribution of Ectopic Pregnancy Sites and the Clinical Characteristics of Cesarean Scar Pregnancy
Authors: Tang Panpan , Li Xiaomao , Li Wenwei , Li Yunhui , Zhang Yu , Yang Yuebo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the distribution and its variation trend of the ectopic site and the clinical characteristics of cesarean scar pregnancy, to provide clues for further clinical practice. Methods: 3915 patients are brought into our study. To calculate the distribution of the implantation of ectopic pregnancy. Then analyze with trend χ2 test and calculate the quantity of each type of ectopic pregnancy during the year 2012-2015 and the year 2016-2019 to analyze the variation trend. Results: 1. The proportion of each site of ectopic pregnancy is as following: tubal pregnancy (84.70%), ovarian pregnancy (1.56%), cesarean scar pregnancy (8.63%), abdominal pregnancy (0.61%), cornual pregnancy (2.68%), cervical pregnancy (0.49%), heterotopic pregnancy (0.43%). 2. Through trend χ2 test, the ratio of cesarean scar pregnancy to ectopic pregnancy showed an increasing trend(P=0.005). From the year 2012-2015 to the year 2016-2019, the ratio of cesarean scar pregnancy to ectopic pregnancy increased from 5.74% to 11.81%(P<0.001). 3.72.78%(246/338) cesarean scar pregnancy patients had cesarean delivery once, 25.15%(85/338) had cesarean delivery twice, and 2.07%(7/338) had cesarean delivery three times. 80.18%(271/338) had aborted before. The most common clinical manifestations are amenorrhea (98.52%), abdominal pain (25.74%) and vaginal bleeding (67.76%), the most common sign is hysterauxesis (46.75%). Conclusion: As the increasing of the ratio of cesarean scar pregnancy to ectopic pregnancy, the cesarean delivery rate should be decreased to decrease the morbidity of cesarean scar pregnancy.
Senna Tablet Increases Radiation Dose Excreted at Discharge Time in Patients Who Underwent Iodine Therapy
Authors: Gheisari Farshid , Atefi Mohammad , Mehdizadeh Alireza , Mohammadi Ahmad , Shabani Zahra , Shahabinezhad Ali , Amiri-Ardekani Ehsan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Thyroid cancer is a malignancy accounting for less than 1% of human malignancies. This study aim was to investigate the effect of Senna tablets (C-Lax®) in increasing the dose of radiation excreted in patients who underwent iodine therapy in the iodine treatment center of Namazi Hospital of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences at discharge time.Methods: In this study, 180 female patients aged 30-50 years old with BMI ranges from 22 to 26 and no history of gastrointestinal diseases, especially gastrointestinal ulcers, constipation, and known intestinal diseases, were included in our study into 6 groups of 30 patients. The first three groups received 100, 150, and 200 mCi radiation respectively, and did not receive C-lax tablets. The second three groups received 100, 150, and 200 mCi radiation respectively, and additionally, received 2 C-lax tablets of Dineh Iran Pvt. Ltd. Results: In all 3 doses studied, more than 50% of reduction in radiation dose at discharge was seen. There is a statistically significant difference between the different doses of iodine intake in each of the two groups. Results show that there is a statistically significant difference between groups with consumption and without consumption of C-Lax tablets in all three doses paired groupsDiscussion and Conclusion: The radiation dose of patients at discharge time has an important effect on both patients and their families' health and thereby it should be taken into consideration. C-lax tablets can significantly reduce the radiation dose of patients at their discharge. This can result in better compliance of patients and decreased expenses for the health system and patients
Large-Scale Quantitatively Detecting and Analyzing of ceRNAs reveal NOTCH3 mRNA, miR-369-3p and rno-Rmdn2_0006 Together Regulate the Hepatocytes in G0 Phase and in G1 Phase During the Initiation Stage of Rat Liver Regeneration
Authors: Zang Xiayan , Wang Zihui , Li Yafei , Gao Han , Guo Jianlin , Jin Wei , Chang Cuifang , Lin Juntang , Zhu Kuicheng , Xu Cunshuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aims:Generally, key events of the liver regeneration initiation (LRI) are how the hepatocytes in G0 phase change to G1 phase. We use the data from large-scale quantitatively detecting and analyzing (LQDA) to reveal ceRNAs together regulate the hepatocytes in G0 phase or in G1 phase during LRI.Main methods:The hepatocytes of the rat liver right lobe were isolated at 0 hour, 6 hour and 24 hour after partial hepatectomy (PH), their ceRNA expression abundance was measured by LQDA, and the correlation of their expression, interaction and role were revealed by ceRNA comprehensive analysis. Key findings:It was found that expression of NOTCH3 mRNA is up-regulated at 0 h, but miR-369-3p and rno-Rmdn2_0006 of hepatocytes not change significantly at that, meanwhile, the G0 phase-related gene CDKN1c promoted by NOTCH3 up-regulation, and the G1 phase-related gene PSEN2 inhibited by NOTCH3 down-regulation at that. On the contrary, NOTCH3 mRNA and rno-Rmdn2_0006 were up-regulated at 6 h, but miR-136-3p was down-regulated at that, the G1 phase-related genes CHUK, DDX24, HES1, NET1 and STAT3 promoted by NOTCH3 up-regulated, and the G0 phase-related gene CDKN1a inhibited by NOTCH3 down-regulated at that. These results suggested that the ceRNAs and the NOTCH3-regulated G0 phase- and G1 phase-related genes show a correlation in expression, interaction and role, they together regulate the hepatocytes in G0 phase at 0 h and in G1 phase at 6 h. Significance:These discovers are helpful to understand the mechanism which ceRNA together regulate the hepatocytes in G0 phase or G1 phase.
Spatial Distribution Pattern of Longhorn Beetle Assemblages (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Mongolian Oak (Quercus Mongolica) Forests in Changbai Mountain, Jilin Province, China
Authors: Liu Shengdong , Meng Xin , Li Yan , Meng Qingfan , Zhao Hongri , Jin Yinghua 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Mongolian oak forest is a deciduous secondary forest with a large distribution area in the Changbai Mountain area. The majority of longhorn beetle species feed on forest resources, The number of some species is also large, which has a potential risk for forest health, and have even caused serious damage to forests. Clarifying the distribution pattern of longhorn beetles in Mongolian oak forests is of great scientific value for the monitoring and control of some pest populations. Methods: 2018 and 2020, flying interception traps were used to continuously collect longhorn samples from the canopy and bottom of the ridge, southern slope, and northern slope of the oak forest in Changbai Mountain, and the effects of topographic conditions on the spatial distribution pattern of longhorn beetles were analyzed. Results: A total of 4090 individuals, 56 species, and 6 subfamilies of longhorn beetles were collected in two years. The number of species and individuals of Cerambycinae and Lamiinae were the highest, and the number of Massicus raddei (Blessig), Moechotypa diphysis (Pascoe), Mesosa myopsmyops (Dalman), and Prionus insularis Motschulsky was relatively abundant. Topographic conditions did not affect the vertical distribution of richness and abundance of longhorn beetles in the forest, but topographic conditions and vertical height independently affected the composition and quantity of the beetle assemblages. The community composition of longhorn beetles in the forest bottom and canopy was significantly different, and the richness and abundance were higher in the canopy under good light conditions. Cerambycinae and Lamiinae preferred to be active in the canopy, Prioninae preferred to be active in the forest bottom, and Lepturinae did not show any difference in the bottom and the canopy. Conclusions: The composition of the longhorn beetle community on the ridge was significantly different from that on the southern slope and the northern slope, and the richness and abundance on the ridge and the southern slope were higher than those on the northern slope. Different species had different preferences for topographical conditions and vertical height, which indicated the adaptability of longhorn beetles in the forest.
Crosswind Effects on Interaction Performance of High-speed Railway Pantograph-catenary System: A Case Study in Chengdu-Chongqing Passenger Special Railway
Authors: Song Yang , Duan Fuchuan , Gao Shibin , Wu Fanping , Liu Zhigang , Lu Xiaobing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
As a common disturbance to the railway pantograph-catenary system, the crosswind may deteriorate the current collection quality and threat operational safety. The main topic of this paper is to study the effect of crosswind on the interaction performance of pantograph-catenary considering the aerodynamic forces acting on both the pantograph and catenary. The pantograph-catenary system of the Chengdu-Chongqing passenger special railway is adopted as the analysis object. The absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF) is employed to build the catenary model, of which the numerical accuracy is validated via the comparison with the field measurement data collected from an inspection vehicle operating at 378 km/h. A special spatial grid is defined for the pantograph-catenary system to generate the stochastic wind field based on the empirical spectrum. According to the quasi-steady theory, the wind load acting on the catenary is derived. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is employed to calculate the lift and drag forces acting on each component of the pantograph, which are used to derive the equivalent aerodynamic force that can be applied in the lumped-mass model. The simulation results indicate that the pantograph-catenary system of Chengdu-Chongqing passenger special railway has an acceptable performance with a crosswind speed of 20 m/s. But when the crosswind increases up to 30 m/s, some contact force statistics exceed the safety threshold with a turbulence intensity of more than 17%. Through the analysis of the operational safety, it is found that the contact wire always works within the safety range of the pantograph head with a crosswind speed of 30 m/s. But some safety issues can be seen from the maximum uplift of the pantograph head with a turbulence intensity of more than 21%.
A Spectrum of Preferential Flow Alters Solute Mobility in the Critical Zone
Authors: Radolinski Jesse , Le Hanh , Hilaire Sheldon S. , Xia Kang , Scott Durelle , Stewart Ryan D. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Preferential flow reduces water residence times and allows rapid transport of pollutants such as organic contaminants. Conventional understanding of solute transport implies that preferential flow reduces the influence of soil matrix-solute interactions; however, this assumption lacks robust validation in the field. To better understand how physicochemical properties affect solute transport across a range of preferential flow conditions, we applied deuterium-labeled rainfall to field plots containing manure spiked with eight common antibiotics with a range of affinity for the soil. We then quantified preferential flow and solute transport using 48 soil pore water samplers spread along a hillslope. Based on >700 measurements, our data showed that solute transport to lysimeters was similar – regardless of antibiotic affinity for soil – when preferential flow represented less than 15% of the total water flow. When preferential flow exceeded 15%, however, concentrations were higher for compounds with relatively low affinity for soil. These results suggest that bypassing water flow can select for compounds that are more easily released from the soil matrix, thus providing fundamental insight into how flow heterogeneity affects pollutant mobility in soils. Moreover, because these data do not fully align with existing solute transport theory, they may be useful for building improved process-based transport models.
Sleep Disorders, Mental Health, and Dry Eye Disease: A Population-Based Study in South Korea
Authors: An Youngju , Kim Hyojin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface that causes severe discomfort, mild ocular irritation, fatigue, pain, visual disturbance, and a foreign body sensation. Stress, depression, and sleep disorders are considered risk factors for DED. Our aim was to investigate the association between mental health, sleep disorders, and DED in Korean adults. This population-based, cross-sectional study examined ophthalmologic data of 16,471 Koreans aged ≥20 years from the 2010–2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). DED was based on a medical diagnosis by a doctor, and data on mental health and sleep disorders were obtained using questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between mental health, sleep disorders, and DED, and we also adjusted for possible covariates. Short sleep duration (≤5 h/night), stress perception (yes), and depressive symptoms (yes) were significantly associated with the risk of DED even after correcting for demographic factors, lifestyle factors, and medical factors. Combined short sleep duration, stress, and depression were most strongly associated with DED, and thus ophthalmologists must be aware of the possibility of a higher prevalence of sleep disorders, stress, and depression in patients with DED.