bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unsteady squeezing second order of nanofluid flow through an infinite channel
Authors: Salahuddin Taimoor , Haider Ali , Alghamdi Metib 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
The current investigation is communicated to analyze the characteristics of squeezed second grade nanofluid flow enclosed by infinite channel in the existence of both heat generation and variable viscosity. The leading non-linear energy and momentum PDEs are converted into non-linear ODEs by using suitable analogous approach.

Design/methodology/approach
Then the acquired non-linear problem is numerically calculated by using Bvp4c (built in) technique in MATLAB.

Findings
The influence of certain appropriate physical parameters, namely, squeezed number, fluid parameter, Brownian motion, heat generation, thermophoresis parameter, Prandtl number, Schmidt number and variable viscosity parameter on temperature, velocity and concentration distributions are studied and deliberated in detail. Numerical calculations of Sherwood number, Nusselt number and skin friction for distinct estimations of appearing parameters are analyzed through graphs and tables. It is examined that for large values of squeezing parameter, the velocity profile increases, whereas opposite behavior is noticed for large values of variable viscosity and fluid parameter. Moreover, temperature profile increases for large values of Brownian motion, thermophoresis parameter and squeezed parameter and decreases by increases Prandtl number and heat generation. Moreover, concentration profile increases for large values of Brownian motion parameter and decreases by increases thermophoresis parameter, squeezed parameter and Schmidt number.

Originality/value
No one has ever taken infinite squeezed channel having second grade fluid model with variable viscosity and heat generation.
Analysis of risk spillover effect of copper option in China
Authors: Ye Wuyi , Wang Yiqi , Zhao Jinhai 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to compare the changes in the risk spillover effects between the copper spot and futures markets before and after the issuance of copper options, analyze the risk spillover effects between the three markets after the issuance of the options and can provide effective suggestions for regulators and investors who hedge risks.

Design/methodology/approach
The MV-CAViaR model is an extended form of the vector autoregressive model (VAR) to the quantile model, and it is also a special form of the MVMQ-CAViaR model. Based on the VAR quantile model, this model has undergone continuous promotion of the Conditional Autoregressive Value-at-Risk Model (CAViaR) and the Multi-quantile Conditional Autoregressive Value-at-Risk Model (MQ-CAViaR), and finally got the current form of the model.

Findings
The issuance of options has led to certain changes in the risk spillover effect between the copper spot and its derivative markets, and the risk aggregation effect in the futures market has always been significant. Therefore, when supervising the copper product market and investors using copper derivatives to avoid market risks, they need to pay attention to the impact of futures on the spot market, the impact of options on the futures market and the risk spillover effects of spot and futures on the options market.

Practical implications
The empirical results of this paper can be used to hedge market risk investment strategies, and the changes in market relationships also provide an effective basis for the supervision of the copper product market by the supervisory authority.

Originality/value
It is the first literature research to discuss the risk and the impact of spillover effects of copper options on China copper market and its derivative markets. The MV-CAViaR model can capture the mutual risk influence between markets by modeling multiple markets simultaneously.
Case study: why Paysend is moving to remote-first working
Authors: Nicolaus Alex 
Published: September 2021

Purpose
With the COVID-19 pandemic causing businesses to shake up social and work practices, the purpose of this paper is to explore why global fintech Paysend has decided to shift toward a new norm of remote-first working.

Design/methodology/approach
A real-world case study.

Findings
Although some organizations, especially larger ones, are urging employees to return to a daily office commute, a remote first set up is definitely here to stay.

Originality/value
Paysend was one of the very first fintechs that moved to a fully remote model at the start of the pandemic in early March 2020.
The Remaking of Conservatism: Boris Johnson and the Politics of Brexit
Authors: Gamble ANDREW 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWhy has the Conservative Party been such a successful political party? One of the reasons lies in the ability of its leaders to understand and navigate the pressure of the politics of power and the politics of support, adjusting to changing circumstances and being focussed on what is needed in order to gain and hold power in the particular circumstances of the British political system. Since the publication of The Conservative Nation in 1974 the party has reinvented itself twice, first under Thatcher and now under Johnson. The character of the remaking under Johnson is analysed together with some of the problems for pursuing a successful post‐Brexit statecraft, particularly delivering the ‘levelling‐up’ agenda and the ‘global Britain’ agenda in ways which will consolidate rather than fragment the new Conservative coalition, and preserve the Union.
Echolocation among the blind: an argument for an ontogenetic turn
Authors: Downey Greg 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProponents of the ontological turn typically advance a highly conceptual understanding of variation in ontology. In contrast, this article argues theoretically that cultural canalizations of embodied ontogenetic processes — especially the development of local neurologies — underwrite distinct lived worlds. This theoretical argument for a corporeal basis of world‐making draws on the case of vision‐impaired individuals who actively echolocate, or perceive space using sound. Neurological evidence shows that echolocators’ sensory practices over developmental time produce specialized brain adaptations to behaviour. Human echolocation thus demonstrates how enculturation effaces the distinction between biology and culture in a behavioural‐developmental spiral with implications for our understanding of human being.
Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis associated with erythema nodosum may indicate a worse prognosis
Authors: Velidedeoğlu Mehmet , Papila Kundaktepe Berrin , Mete Bilgul , Uğurlu Serdal 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionIdiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is a chronic inflammatory breast disease of unknown etiology, and erythema nodosum (EN) is a rare extramammary manifestation of this entity characterized by reddish, tender nodules of the lower legs. We aimed to investigate whether the association of IGM with EN has a role as a prognostic indicator. There are few case reports, and only 1 original article including 12 IGM patients with EN has been reported.MethodsWe present 43 women with IGM coexisting with EN and 43 with a diagnosis of IGM only, who were randomly selected from 610 patients for a control group. To the best of our knowledge, this paper comprises the first comparative study of the coexistence of IGM and EN to be reported in the literature.ResultsOur findings show that the association of IGM with EN indicates a more aggressive disease course. White blood cells, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C‐reactive protein were significantly higher in the EN‐positive group (P < .05). Arthralgia, breast feeding, fistula distribution and recurrence distributions were significantly higher in the EN‐positive group (P < .05).ConclusionSince fistula distribution and recurrence rates were higher in EN‐positive group, association of IGM with EN may be an indictor of a worse prognosis. The present study highlights the importance of dermatological care. All physicians should not neglect questioning breast complaints in patients with EN since EN may be caused by IGM.
Trophic ecology of two amphibian species in patches and core forest of Atlantic Forest: A dietary and isotopic approach
Authors: de Oliveira Mateus , Moser Camila Fernanda , Rebelato Marluci Muller , de Camargo Plínio Barbosa , Tozetti Alexandro Marques 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSpecies richness and abundance, as well as trophic relationships, are affected by habitat configuration. Smaller habitat patches suffer greater external interference, being more susceptible to diversity loss and could also receive more trophic subsidies from outside or matrix, which can favour the maintenance of populations even in small patches. Natural mosaics of forest patches in a grassland matrix in southern Brazil are good places to analyse such a process. Our objective was to analyse the effect of habitat patching on trophic relationships based on the evaluation of two forest amphibian species (Physalaemus lisei and P. carrizorum) and compare those from habitat patches versus core/contiguous habitat. We compared isotopic carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen ratios (δ15N) in two anuran species as well the variation in their diet at different forest patch sizes. We chose carbon isotopes since they act as a proxy for inferences on the original habitat from which the matter flows towards the anurans, while nitrogen reveals their tropic level. Our results revealed that trophic sources for these amphibians derives predominantly from primary forest productivity. However, Physalaemus lisei δ13C values indicated that the contribution of grassland trophic sources in the diet was higher in frogs from forests patches (<100 ha) than in those from core forest habitat. In smaller patches, P. lisei consumed predominantly ants, which was the most abundant prey on habitat. On the other hand, in the core forest, where isopods were the most abundant prey, most of its consumption was beetles, spiders and ants. In contrast, P. carrizorum showed no significant changes in isotopic ratios or diet across habitats. Isotopic data suggested that both species occupied lower trophic levels in smaller forests than in core forests. Our data showed a tendency towards the increase of grassland contribution and decrease of amphibian trophic position in patched habitats in comparison to continuous habitat.
Study on the concordance between different SNP‐genotyping platforms in sheep
Authors: Marina H. , Chitneedi P. , Pelayo R. , Suárez‐Vega A. , Esteban‐Blanco C. , Gutiérrez‐Gil B. , Arranz J. J. 
Published: September 2021

SummaryDifferent SNP genotyping technologies are commonly used in multiple studies to perform QTL detection, genotype imputation, and genomic predictions. Therefore, genotyping errors cannot be ignored, as they can reduce the accuracy of different procedures applied in genomic selection, such as genomic imputation, genomic predictions, and false‐positive results in genome‐wide association studies. Currently, whole‐genome resequencing (WGR) also offers the potential for variant calling analysis and high‐throughput genotyping. WGR might overshadow array‐based genotyping technologies due to the larger amount and precision of the genomic information provided; however, its comparatively higher price per individual still limits its use in larger populations. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the accuracy of the two most popular SNP‐chip technologies, namely, Affymetrix and Illumina, for high‐throughput genotyping in sheep considering high‐coverage WGR datasets as references. Analyses were performed using two reference sheep genome assemblies, the popular Oar_v3.1 reference genome and the latest available version Oar_rambouillet_v1.0. Our results demonstrate that the genotypes from both platforms are suggested to have high concordance rates with the genotypes determined from reference WGR datasets (96.59% and 99.51% for Affymetrix and Illumina technologies, respectively). The concordance results provided in the current study can pinpoint low reproducible markers across multiple platforms used for sheep genotyping data. Comparing results using two reference genome assemblies also informs how genome assembly quality can influence genotype concordance rates among different genotyping platforms. Moreover, we describe an efficient pipeline to test the reliability of markers included in sheep SNP‐chip panels against WGR datasets available on public databases. This pipeline may be helpful for discarding low‐reliability markers before exploiting genomic information for gene mapping analyses or genomic prediction.
Satisfaction with general practitioner obstetrician‐led maternity care in rural Western Australia
Authors: Roxburgh Carly , Moore Sarah , McCulloch Claudia , Valli Kelsey , Zuidersma Danika , Pikora Terri , Ngo Hanh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo measure satisfaction with general practitioner obstetrician‐led maternity care in Western Australia and to explore perspectives of maternity service usersDesignWomen were recruited at antenatal visits with their general practitioner obstetrician. Participants completed a validated three‐part survey about their satisfaction with antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum care. They were all offered a semi‐structured interview.SettingNine general practitioner obstetrician practices located in regional Western Australia.Participants155 women receiving general practitioner obstetrician‐led maternity care within the South West or Great Southern regions of Western Australia. 13 of these women also participated in an interview.Main Outcome MeasuresWe quantified satisfaction with aspects of antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum care using a Likert scale. Descriptive variables included demographic information and birth outcomes. Qualitative data described valued aspects of maternity care.Results116 women completed all 3 surveys. General practitioner obstetrician‐led care resulted in high rates of satisfaction across all 3 stages of care, with 78%‐100% agreement with positively worded satisfaction statements. Thematic analysis identified four key aspects of care women valued when receiving maternity care: the woman‐centred care experience, the skills of the general practitioner obstetrician, support from the health care team and the health care environment.ConclusionGeneral practitioner obstetrician‐led maternity care is a highly regarded model of maternity care, valued by rural women with high rates of satisfaction.
Successful outcomes with transplanting kidneys from deceased donors with acute kidney injuryon temporary renal replacement therapy
Authors: Budhiraja Pooja , Heilman Raymond L. , Jadlowiec Caroline C. , Smith Maxwell L. , Ryan Margaret S. , Khamash Hasan A. , Kodali Lavanya , Moss Adyr A. , Mathur Amit K. , Reddy Kunam S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesWe aimed to determine outcomes with transplanting kidneys from deceased donors with severe acute kidney injury requiring acute renal replacement therapy (RRT).Materials and methodsA total of 172 recipients received a kidney from donors with acute kidney injury stage 3 (AKIN3) requiring RRT. We compared the study group to 528 recipients who received a kidney from donors with AKIN stage 3 not on RRT and 463 recipients who received < 85% Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) AKIN stage 0 kidney.ResultsThe study group donors were younger compared to the 2 control groups. Despite higher DGF in the study group, the length of hospital stay and acute rejection were similar. Death censored graft survival (96% AKIN3‐RRT vs. 97%AKIN3 no RRT vs. 96% KDPI < 85% AKIN0,P = 0.26) and patient survival with functioning graft at 1 year (95% across all groups,P = 0.402) were similar. The estimated glomerular filtration rate were similar across the 3 groups after first month. Interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy score ≥ 2 on protocol biopsy at time 0, 4 and 12 months were similar. Primary nonfunction was rare and associated with high KDPI.ConclusionsTransplanting selected kidneys from deceased donors with AKIN3 requiring RRT is safe and has good outcomes.
Association of donor hypertension and outcomes in orthotopic heart transplantation
Authors: Kim Samuel T. , Hadaya Joseph , Tran Zachary , Iyengar Amit , Williamson Catherine G. , Rabkin David , Benharash Peyman 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe present study examined the impact of donor hypertension on recipient survival and offer acceptance practices in the United States. This was a retrospective study of all patients undergoing OHT from 1995 to 2019 using the United Network for Organ Sharing and Potential Transplant Recipient file databases. Hypertensive donors were stratified by Short (0–5 years) and Prolonged (> 5 years) hypertension. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze offer acceptance practices while Cox proportional‐hazards models were used to compare mortality across groups. Of 38,338 heart transplants meeting study criteria, 5662 were procured from hypertensive donors (69% Short and 31% Prolonged). After adjustment, Prolonged donor hypertension was associated with increased mortality (hazard ratio, HR, 1.31, 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.04–1.64), while recipients of Short donors experienced no decrement in post‐transplant survival. Both Short and Prolonged hypertension were independently associated with decreased odds of offer acceptance (odds ratio, OR .92 95%CI: .88–.96 and OR .93 95%CI: .88–.99, respectively). While prolonged untreated hypertension in OHT donors is associated with a slight decrement in recipient survival, donors with ≤5 years of hypertension yielded similar outcomes. Donor hypertension was associated with reduced organ offer acceptance, highlighting a potential source of organ underutilization.
Quantifying adaptive divergence of the snowfinches in a common landscape
Authors: She Huishang , Jiang Zhiyong , Song Gang , Ericson Per G. P. , Luo Xu , Shao Shimiao , Lei Fumin , Qu Yanhua 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimSpecies living in a shared environment face similar selective pressures and often evolve adaptive divergence to avoid competition. Quantifying phenotypic divergence and its genetic parallelism among sympatric species is important for understanding of ecologically moderated biodiversity. Here, we integrate ecologic, phenotypic and genomic datasets to study to what extent three sympatrically snowfinches (Montifringilla adamsi, Pyrgilauda ruficollis and Onychostruthus taczanowskii) differ in their adaptations in order to co‐exist in a shared environment.LocationQinghai–Tibetan Plateau.MethodsWe used principal component analysis to summarize and compare environmental and phenotypic divergence. We compared phenotypes relevant to body and beak sizes (n = 68) because they are indicators of niche and food segregation, thus critical for establishing co‐existence of sympatric birds. We used comparative genomics (n = 33) to identify genetic loci that are highly divergent between species as well as loci unique for each of species. Using vector analyses, we integrated correlation and permutation to quantify parallelism between phenotypic and genetic divergences.ResultsWe found that body and beak sizes are significantly different among three snowfinches. The phenotypic differentiations are greater in species that share similar ecological conditions than in those that do not. We showed that genes related to developmental process are over‐represented within highly divergent genomic regions and unique genetic loci of each species. We found that the extent of phenotypic divergence between snowfinch pairs is more strongly correlated with the magnitude of divergence in developmental genes than in the whole genome.Main conclusionsAdaptive divergence of sympatric snowfinches is highly constrained on developmental genes. As this genetic divergence is strongly correlated with divergence of the traits related to segregation in niche and food resources, this correlation reflects either causal effects or indirect consequences of ecological mediated changes. Our study provides novel insights into the mechanisms underlying evolutionary versatility and ecological success among sympatric species.
Free‐PhaseGas Detection in Groundwater Wells via Water Pressure and Continuous Field Parameters
Authors: Morais Tiago A. , Ladd Bethany , Fleming Neil A. , Ryan M. Cathryn 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDetection of free‐phase gas (FPG) in groundwater wells is critical for accurate assessment of dissolved gas concentrations and the occurrence of FPG in the subsurface, with consequent implications for understanding groundwater contamination and greenhouse gas emissions. However, identifying FPG is challenging during routine groundwater monitoring and there is poor agreement on the best approach to detect the occurrence of FPG in groundwater. In this study, laboratory experiments in a water column were designed to mimic nonflowing and flowing conditions in a groundwater well to evaluate how the presence of FPG affects water pressure and commonly used continuous field parameters. The laboratory results were extrapolated to interpret field data at an abandoned exploration well with episodic release of free‐gas CO2. The FPG effect on water pressure varied between flowing and nonflowing wells, and depending on whether the FPG was above or below the sensor. Electrical conductivity values were decreased and/or behaved erratically when FPG was present in the water column. Findings from this study have shown that the combined measurement of water pressure, electrical conductivity, and total dissolved gas pressure can provide information about the occurrence of FPG in groundwater wells. Measurement of these parameters at different depths can also provide information about relative depths and amounts of FPG within the well water column. This approach can be used for long‐term monitoring of groundwater gases, managing gas‐locking in production wells with gassy groundwater, and measuring fugitive greenhouse gas emissions from groundwater wells.
Leachability and basicity of Na‐ and K‐based geopolymer powders and lattices used as biodiesel catalysts
Authors: Botti Renata , Innocentini Murilo D. M. , Faleiros Thais A. , Paschoalato Cristina F. P. R. , Mello Murilo F. , Franchin Giorgia , Colombo Paolo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGeopolymer powders and 3D‐printed lattices have shown promising preliminary results as heterogeneous catalysts for the transesterification of vegetable oils to produce biodiesel. However, questions about the basicity of catalytic sites and the leaching characteristics of metals (K, Na) and hydroxyl groups in the reactional mixtures remained. The leaching of alkaline ions in methanol and biodiesel for powder and printed geopolymer formulations based on K, Na, or Na+K activators and treated at 110 to 700°C was investigated, as well as the physiochemical modifications of the materials. The Hammett indicators were used to determine base strength, and both leachable and total basicities were quantified. The amount of Na and K leached into the biodiesel phase was negligible (<1% wt.%). Methanol leaching reached a maximum of 29.3%. The base strength ranged between 11.0 and 18.4. Potassium‐based geopolymer lattices presented the highest basicity, followed by sodium and sodium‐potassium geopolymer catalysts. The basicity of all formulations decreased gradually as the calcination temperature increased. When compared to the homogeneous catalysts NaOH and KOH, the level of biodiesel contamination with Na and K is 81–93% lower. The findings support the heterogeneous nature of geopolymers as biodiesel catalysts and further validates their use for this application.