bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Custodial Grandparents’ Perceived Barriers to the Use of Services
Authors: Montoro-Rodriguez Julian , Jr Bert Hayslip , Ramsey Jennifer 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Getting timely access to help, information, and a variety of services is paramount among the challenges of raising a grandchild, and grandparents face a variety of internal and external barriers in getting such help. The present pilot exploratory study focused on caregiving-related and personal resource variables best predicting grandparent caregivers’ perceptions of barriers to receiving services. Fifty-two grandparents (M age = 59.1) raising their grandchildren completed measures assessing caregiver strain, social support, resilience, self-care, psychosocial adequacy, health, depression, and grandchild relationship quality. They also completed measures of the extent to which they faced personal and caregiving-related difficulties giving rise to the need for services (e.g. health, grandchild well-being, support from others) as well as the extent to which they had experienced barriers to service (health/financial limitations, isolation, transportation, respite care, lack of knowledge of services) in the past 3 months. Correlations (p &lt; .05) suggested that psychosocial adequacy (r = -.32), depression (r = .27), caregiver strain (r = .42) and difficulties (r = .48) were all related to greater perceived barriers. Regression analyses (F7, 40 = 2.81, p &lt; .02) indicated that caregiver strain (Beta = .33, p &lt; .05) and difficulties giving rise to the need for services (Beta = .32, p &lt; .04) emerged as most salient in predicting barriers. These findings underscore the fact that personal, caregiving-related, and interpersonal factors exacerbate the barriers associated with grandparents’ accessing needed services and reinforce such factors’ impact on grandparents as targets for overcoming impediments to accessing services among them.
Assessing SSDoH in Alzheimer's Research: Core Measures and Those in Sexual and Gender Minority Populations
Authors: Stites Shana , Midgett Sharnita 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Social and structural determinants of health (SSDoH) are conditions that can impact on Alzheimer’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease related dementias (AD/ADRD) outcomes. We will describe theoretical underpinnings of core SSDoH constructs and their measure, empirical evidence for their importance, and their potential for elucidating disease and prevention mechanisms. We focus on a core set of SSDoH measures that are important across a broad range of socially and culturally heterogeneous populations. We outline a rationale for universal implementation of a set of SSDoH measures and juxtapose the approach with alternatives, such as investigator-initiated grants, aimed at collecting SSDoH data. We also speak very briefly about the evidence supporting assessing SSDoH with respect to sex, gender, and sexual orientation and considerations in doing this.
Psychological Inflexibility and Geriatric Primary Care: Transforming Peri-Urban and Rural Aging
Authors: Jacobs Lindsey , Allen Rebecca , Ly Timothy , Bell John , Carroll Dana , Halli-Tierney Anne 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Based on the acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) framework, human suffering is thought to be caused by psychological inflexibility. Psychological inflexibility is characterized by rigid avoidance of unpleasant experiences, fusion with unhelpful thoughts, lack of contact with the present moment, fusion with a narrow self-narrative, and lack of clarity and contact with one’s core values in life. Psychological inflexibility captures the unhelpful or unworkable ways in which individuals respond to emotional discomfort. Research using samples of adults under age 65 indicate that psychological inflexibility is associated with poorer quality of life and mental well-being; however, the literature on psychological inflexibility in older adults is limited. Patients (N=129) ages 65 and older presenting to a Geriatric Primary Care clinic in the Deep South completed measures of depression, anxiety, subjective health literacy, and psychological inflexibility. Our team used the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), which is the most commonly used measure of psychological inflexibility. Anxiety (r = 0.66, p &lt; .001) and depression (r = 0.70, p &lt; .001) were moderately correlated with psychological inflexibility, which is consistent with the existing literature on psychological inflexibility in adults under the age of 65. Subjective health literacy significantly predicted psychological inflexibility, b = –.058, t(127) = -4.07, p &lt; .001. This finding provides additional support for the importance of increasing health literacy among older adults in the Deep South, as it has implications in level of psychological flexibility and, thus, quality of life and mental well-being.
Self-Reported Utilization of Nutrition-Related Resources in Veterans Compared to Non-Veterans
Authors: Serra Monica , Robbins Ronna , Addison Odessa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As they age, Veterans are at elevated risk for developing nutrition-associated chronic diseases compared to their Non-Veteran counterparts. This is despite Veterans often being eligible for a variety of nutrition-related resources. This project compared self-reported utilization of community and government nutrition-related resources in male Veterans compared to Non-Veterans participating in the 2013-2014 and 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Veterans (mean: age: 59 years; BMI: 29 kg/m2; N=135) self-reported “yes” and Non-Veterans (age: 61 years; BMI: 30 kg/m2; N=230) self-reported “no to “ever having served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces.” A similar percentage of Veterans (3%) and Non-Veterans (4%) reported utilizing meal delivery programs (i.e., “Meals on Wheels) and eating at community or senior centers (both 7%) in the past year. Veterans were less likely than Non-Veterans to report receiving emergency food (i.e. from church or food bank) in the past year (7% vs. 12%; P&lt;0.01) and tended to be less likely to report ever having received benefits from a nutrition assistance program (NAP; i.e., Food Stamps) (27% vs. 32%; P=0.08). Veteran also reported their household receiving more financial assistance the last time they received support from a NAP ($281 vs. $188; P=0.02). These data suggest that Veterans have less reliance on NAP than Non-Veterans; however, when they do receive assistance, Veterans appear to receive greater financial support. Future studies are needed to identifying ways to improve access to nutrition-related resources in those at risk for food insecurity.
Older Nonmedical and Medical Cannabis Users: Health Characteristics, Cannabis Use Patterns, and Cannabis Sources
Authors: Choi Namkee , DiNitto Diana 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Despite rapidly growing number of older medical cannabis users, research on them is scant. In this study, we examined medical and nonmedical cannabis users aged 50+ on health-related characteristics and cannabis use patterns and sources. Hypotheses were that compared to nonmedical users, medical users are more likely to have physical and mental health problems, use healthcare services, discuss their drug use with a healthcare professional, use cannabis more frequently, and purchase cannabis from a medical dispensary and other sources rather than obtain it as a gift, share someone else’s, or use other means. We used the 2018 and 2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data (N=17,685 aged 50+; male=8,030; female=9,655) and multivariable logistic regression analysis to test hypotheses. Of the sample, 8.9% reported past-year cannabis use. Of past-year users, 18.5% reported any medical use. Of medical users, 70.9% reported exclusive medical use and 29.1% reported using medically and nonmedically. A large proportion obtained cannabis from private/informal sources. Any medical use, compared to nonmedical use, was associated with lower odds of alcohol use disorder but higher odds of discussing drug use with a healthcare professional (AOR=4.18, 95% CI=2.53-6.89), more days of use (AOR=2.56, 95% CI=1.35-4.86 for 200-365 days), and purchase at a medical cannabis dispensary (AOR=4.38, 95% CI=2.47-7.76). Medical and nonmedical users did not differ on physical health, and both had high behavioral health problem rates. However, only a small portion discussed their drug use with a healthcare professional. More healthcare professional attention to older cannabis users is needed.
Food Insecurity in Older Adults: Gerontology Students and RSVP a Partnership that Works
Authors: Greenberg Phyllis , VanderWerf Jessica 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A gerontology course related to policies /programs each year researches, develops and designs a service-learning project related to an issue/concern for older adults and their quality of life. Students wanted to work with vulnerable older adults and after research and discussion decided on tackling the issue of food insecurity in older adults. Food insecurity is a growing issue for older adults which has been exasperated by COVID-19. According to Meals on Wheels America (2020) there has been a 22% increase in the number of older adults needing food assistance. In addition, while the need for food banks has increased donations have declined (Next Avenue, 2020). Students partnered with RSVP, which had previously conducted a food donation project.. Students took on the responsibility for advertising, soliciting grocery stores to allow us to set up and engage shoppers in purchasing items for the project. In addition, they reached out to the university community and set up food donation stations. RSVP sent out emails to their constituents to encourage them to volunteer and do their shopping on the date of the project. Students were paired with RSVP volunteers at two stores and provided shopping lists and information about food insecurity in older adults to shoppers. Students collected 566 pounds of food. The food was distributed equally between Catholic Charities, which has a senior shopping program and the Somali Elder Community. Students sorted the food by categories and removed any foods with pork/gelatin products for the Somali Community.
Geriatric Oral Health for dental and non-dental primary care providers
Authors: Tabrizi Maryam 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Age-Friendly Health System is the innovation that provides care to older adults within 4Ms structure comprehensively. The 4Ms structure is the clinicians' guideline for providing treatments for each individual based on what matters most which is the first M. The 4Ms structure creates a person focus approach for the health of the elderly on every visit, as what matters most may change over time based on other health conditions of life situation. We must consider our patients come from all kinds of life walks, based on his/ her lifestyle, health beliefs, and cultural background. Consequently, older adults may define health and wellness differently and they might have different needs, oral health is no exception. However, evaluating both primary care office workflow and hospital workflow is missing the health element of oral care. The current health flow designed by the Institute of Health Improvement (IHI) in a collaborative effort with John A. Hartford may create a larger gap between oral health and overall health. In the light of integrating oral health to the overall health, the best place and most feasible in both primary care and hospital workflow is at the time of Check history for a baseline on 4Ms. This poster will clearly illustrate how oral health can integrate to overall health leading by the non-dental profession who usually take history for a baseline. As oral health is an integrated factor in the health of the geriatric population in the Age-Friendly Health System.
Global Unbiased Determination Of Comorbidity (GUDC) In U.S. Older Adults
Authors: Hogans Beth , Siaton Bernadette , Kheirbek Raya , Katzel Leslie , Sorkin John 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With age, many adults develop multiple comorbid conditions; and resulting clinical complexity increases markedly so that identifying how specific conditions effect others remains important. Here, our primary objective was rapid unbiased appraisal of pair-wise condition-specific comorbidity; our second objective was identification of common conditions with highest and lowest rates of such comorbidity. In 2016, utilization of ICD-10 codes became mandatory for providers rendering care to Medicare beneficiaries. Universal adoption of ICD-10 coding ensued and concomitantly, all patients had ICD-9 codes replaced with new codes, so that 2017 data represent an opportunity to examine massive amounts of ‘freshly’ coded patient claims data. Evaluating ICD-10 coding data at individual and population levels, we appraised how often two codes were utilized together, i.e. estimated pair-specific comorbidity. Expanding this computationally, we determined the extent to which any given condition was co-coded with all other utilized diagnostic codes, i.e., estimated global, unbiased pair-wise comorbidity. We term this metric the global unbiased dyadic comorbidity (GUDC) value. Based on 40 million claims for a representative sample of 1.5 million older adults across the U.S., GUDC values varied with age and gender but were highly stable across varying comorbid condition prevalence, e.g., common (&gt;1%) vs. less common (1/1000-1/100) prevalence. GUDC values for HIV in older adults were modest, compared to high values for ARDS, we infer substantive progress in HIV management among older adults. We discuss the interpretation and potential applications of GUDC and conclude that access to comorbidity appraisals may advance geriatric care, more study is needed.
Aging, Social Determinants of Health in the Case of Persons With Disabilities and Refugees
Authors: Trani Jean-Francois 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Structural and social determinants of health differentially impact on social groups. Among those particularly disadvantaged during the life course are both persons with disabilities and refugees. Because of the way society treats these two populations, both persons with disabilities and refugees may face physical, social, economic and environmental barriers that impede them from benefiting from the same opportunities accessible to other social groups. As a result, these populations have less access to education, higher unemployment, are more likely to be deprived and excluded from social benefits. In other words, public stigma —prejudice and discrimination voiced and practiced by the general population— translates to a life course characterized by daily stressors that result in a higher likelihood of cognitive disorders and dementia. Measuring and analyzing SSDoH inclusive of disability and refugee experiences are essential to efforts aimed at recruitment and retention and knowledge generation in ADRD research.
Research with Older Asian American Family Caregivers Pre- and During the Pandemic: Challenges and Lessons Learned
Authors: Lee Jung-Ah , Nguyen Hannah 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Research with hard-to-reach, monolingual adults from ethnic minority communities can present a multitude of challenges throughout the research process. This presentation will highlight challenges and lessons learned from two pilot studies with Vietnamese-, Cambodian-, and Korean-American family caregivers aged 50 and older. The first study (n=9) implemented a one-on-one, telephone-based psychosocial intervention before the COVID-19 pandemic; the second is an ongoing study (n=12) consisting of a group-based intervention via Zoom. Throughout recruitment, the following challenges arose: addressing the lack of familiarity with research among caregivers, earning the trust of caregivers, and identifying creative ways to recruit caregivers to participate. During study implementation, common challenges included: caregivers’ unpredictable daily schedule that made it difficult to participate in the scheduled classes, caregivers feeling apprehensive about technology and Zoom, access to reliable internet, and facilitating participation and engaging the voices of caregivers over the phone or via Zoom. Strategies were identified to address these barriers: engaging the support and collaboration of trusted, bilingual and bicultural community-based providers, building culturally-responsive rapport with caregivers, and seeking continuous feedback from caregivers to improve the appeal of the project implementation. The COVID-19 pandemic added an additional layer of difficulty to the research, requiring creativity and flexibility in implementation that took into consideration caregivers’ heightened anxiety, distress, lack of participation due to around-the-clock care, and loss and grief. The challenges and lessons learned from these studies could guide the development of future research efforts and strategies to effectively engage older hard-to-reach, monolingual Asian American caregivers.
Where are all the men? A review of the barriers and facilitators to participation in health promotion interventions
Authors: Howell Britteny , Corbett Sage , Peterson Jennifer 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Research shows that men in the U.S. experience significant morbidity and earlier mortality than women and are less likely to access, interpret, and apply health information to improve their outcomes. Although evidence-based health promotion programs have proven successful at increasing healthy lifestyle behaviors and reducing morbidity among older adults, older males are still significantly less likely to enroll and sustain participation in such health interventions. While studies have shown the barriers and facilitators to older adult participation in health programs in general, it is largely unknown why older male recruitment and participation in health promotion interventions remains so low. In this poster presentation, we conducted a thorough review of the last 20 years of existing research across a variety of academic search databases to outline the barriers, facilitators, and recommendations for increasing older male participation in health promotion programs. Of 1,194 initial search results, 383 article abstracts were thoroughly screened for inclusion, and 26 articles met all inclusion criteria. Included studies were coded and analyzed using Grounded Theory and reveal that masculine gender roles, as well as program scope, environment, and gender of the instructors and other participants, were important factors for male participation. Interventions should include men in all aspects of program planning and implementation, take into account men’s existing relationships and interests to create gender-sensitive programming, and clearly delineate the benefits to participation. Lastly, the field of public health would benefit by helping to normalize men’s participation in health promotion interventions.
Age, Period, and Cohort Effects on Literacy Skills across Life Stages
Authors: Yamashita Takashi , Smith Thomas , Cummins Phyllis 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Literacy skills are essential adult competencies for economic, social, political and cultural participation, which are linked to higher quality of life. Literacy skills are known to be lower for older age groups. However, relatively little is known about cohort and period effects, which provide clues to the sociohistorical impacts on literacy, in addition to the well-known age effects, over the life course. This study analyzed three nationally representative cross-sectional survey data of the U.S. adults at five time points, from the 1994 International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS), 2003 Adult Literacy and Life Skills Survey (ALL), and the 2012/2014/2017 Program for International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC). The total analytic sample was 17,450 adults age between 18 and 65 years old. The literacy measures were re-scaled (0-500 points) to be comparable across the surveys. An age-period-cohort hierarchical linear model (i.e., cross-classified random effects model) was constructed using the Bayes estimator. Individuals were cross-classified based on 14 five-year birth cohort and 5 periods (survey years) information. Results showed that literacy skills improved [95% credibility-interval (CI) for linear effect of age = (0.31, 1.07), but the rate of improvement declined over time, faster rates of decline in later life stages [95% CI for quadratic effect of age = (-0.17, -0.09)]. Additionally, the notable variability across the cohorts and periods [95% CI variances = (5.34, 52.52) and (2.30, 172.01), respectively] were identified. Possible explanations for the identified age, period and cohort effects on literacy and implications for adult competencies in later life are evaluated.
Daily Steps Buffer the Impact of Daily Stress on Mood in Youth and Middle-aged/Older Adults
Authors: Fleming Daniel , Liu Yin , Maxey Myles , Fauth Elizabeth Braungart , Beckert Troy 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Physical activity has known associations with lower stress and improved well-being. These studies often include samples from one developmental phase at a time, which is helpful for researchers in those developmental areas, but less informative for identifying predictors of health and well-being across the lifespan. The current study examined whether protective aspects of physical activity (steps) on stress and mood worked similarly in widely different age cohorts. We also examined these relationships at the daily level, as opposed to global/macro levels. Participants (n = 119, 67% female) were 44 adolescents between 13-18 years (Mage (SD) = 15.73 (1.48) years, 57% female) and 77 middle-aged/older adults between 55-76 years (Mage (4.97) = 59.67, 74% female). They self-reported global life satisfaction and demographic characteristics at baseline and completed ecological momentary assessments (three per day for three consecutive days, across six measurement bursts, each spaced two weeks apart) via smart phones, reporting on their mood, stressor exposures/types, and end-of-day pedometer step count. Multilevel models showed that daily steps had protective effects against social network stressors on both daily mood and life satisfaction, such that more steps weakened the negative relationship between network-related stressors, mood, and life satisfaction. This protective effect was uniform for both older and younger adults, and across boys/men and girls/women. Overall, the present study suggested the importance of physical activity, even that of general step count, on buffering daily stress on daily mood and general life satisfaction for participants at multiple phases of the lifespan.