bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of the therapeutic efficacy and safety of intralesional tranexamic acid (25 mg/ml) for the treatment of melasma in male patients: A single centered “before-after” observational study
Authors: Verma Yog R. , Mehta Karaninder S. , Chauhan Pushpinder S. , Mahajan Vikram K. , Chandel Monika , Sharma Hitender K. , Sharma Anuj K. , Sharma Reena K. , Chauhan Amit 
Published: October 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Melasma is a common and difficult to treat hypermelanosis of poorly understood etiopathogenesis with great tendency to relapse. Tranexamic acid (TA) has been used in various formulations for its treatment, but there is paucity of studies/data and no consensus on the optimum dosage of intradermal TA, especially among the male patients. To study the efficacy and safety of intralesional TA 25 mg/ml for the treatment of melasma in male patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>Total 58 males were enrolled for study from July 2019 to June 2020. TA in 25 mg/ml strength injection and about 0.05 ml was injected intradermally at 1 cm apart on the entire melasma lesion, not exceeding 50 mg per visit and repeated every 4 weekly for 12 weeks. The percentage reduction in MASI was the primary outcome measure. It was determined every 4th week till 12 weeks and finally at 24 weeks for recurrence.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results: </strong>Mean MASI decreased from baseline score of 8.42±5.63 to 6.71±4.65, 5.09±3.59 and 3.41±3.06 at the follow up week 4, 8 and 12 respectively with a significant decrease from 8th week onwards. Majority of the patients were satisfied with their improvement after treatment (67.2%) without any significant adverse effects.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> However, the TA was found to effective in all the three histopathological types of melasma but the dermal melasma was least responsive as well as earliest to relapse. We recommend monthly therapy at 25 mg/ml as more efficacious, time saving and cost effective to all the three types of melasma.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
A real-world, non-interventional Indian study on clinical assessment of intense moisturizing formulation in dry skin disorders
Authors: Dhoot Dhiraj S. , Mahadkar Namrata , Barkate Hanmant 
Published: October 2021

<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Moisturizers account for the largest and important skin care product categories and are the backbone in the management of dry skin conditions associated with atopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis and ichthyosis. </p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multicentre, retrospective data analysis was done at 145 dermatology clinics across India in patients who were prescribed MaxRich®. Patients with history of xerosis with an identifiable causes like atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and ichthyosis were included in study. Effectiveness data in terms of improvement in Dry Skin Area and Severity Index (DASI) Score compared to baseline and physician global assessment at the end of treatment for improvement in xerosis were captured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was significant reduction in mean DASI score as compared to baseline at week 2 &amp; 4 (p&lt;0.01). As compared to baseline, a significant decrease in DASI score was observed by 47.7% and 82.4% at the end of week 2 and 4 respectively. As per physician global assessment, 458 patients (83.4%) noticed very good improvement in xerosis at the end of 4 weeks whereas 82 patients (14.9%) recorded moderate improvement. Similar results were also obtained for patient global assessment where 478 patients (87%) recorded very good improvement; 67 patients (12.2%) and 6 patients (1.1%) recorded moderate and mild improvement respectively. There were no adverse events reported with MaxRich®.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MaxRich®, an intense moisturizer was effective in improvement of DASI score associated with atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and ichthyosis and can be considered as an adjunct therapy in the management of these skin disorders for better results.</p>
Successional occurrence of two papulosquamous disorders in HIV positive patient: a rare case report
Authors: Deshmukh Nitika Sanjay , Chavan Ravindranath Brahmadeo , Gosavi Anil Prakash , Kachare Supriya Ashok 
Published: October 2021

<p class="abstract">Presentation of two papulosquamous disorders in a same individual is rare condition till date. Independently, psoriasis and Lichen planus (LP) are common inflammatory skin conditions affecting around 2-3% and 1% of HIV (Human immune deficiency) positive population respectively. As reviewed in the literature, psoriasis may be independently associated with other autoimmune conditions like vitiligo, alopecia areata, lichen planus, and discoid lupus erythematosus. In this article, we presented a case report of a HIV seropositive patient who suffered from psoriasis and lichen planus. The coexistence of psoriasis and lichen planus in one individual is rare and underreported in literature. Psoriasis or lichen planus may be the presenting feature of HIV infection and tends to be more severe, to have atypical presentations. Psoriasis and lichen planus can be coexistent or successionally appear one after other in one individual though rare presentation. High index of suspicion is always required while dealing with papulosquamous lesions in PLHIV.</p><p> </p>
Situational analysis of undernutrition and selected infant and young child feeding practices (IYCF) in young children of Somanath Gir, Gujarat
Authors: Savant Hina 
Published: October 2021

: Undernutrition in young children is a cause of concern, maternal education, and IYCF practices, lack of nutrition knowledge are some of the key aspects for poor nutritional status of young children.To assess themagnitude of under nutrition and IYCF practices of young children (3-5 Y) of Somnath gir, Gujarat.: 120 mother and child pairs were randomly enrolled from the selected Anganwadi centers and preschool oSomnath gir f . Information on socioeconomic aspects,IYCF practices were elicited from mothers of young children through pre tested semi structured questionnaire. Height and weight and MUAC of these children were measured using standard methods.nutritional status was assessed using WHO growth standard 2006. Sixteen percent of the households had Below Poverty Card (BPL) 70.8% were other backward class. The educational attainment was limited for respondent mothers. Around 2.5 percent of the surveyed mothers never attended schools, and 45.8 percent had attended until grade 7. 57 % of the children were male. The overall stunting prevalence among children less than 60 months of age in the survey areas was 11.1 percent (&#60;-2SD). As per MUAC cut-off for children, only 1.39% are at higher risk between 37-60 months of age. (MUAC &#60;11.5cm). One-half of the children were breastfed immediately after the birth, and 48.3% children were breastfed within one hour of the birth. Only 64.2% children were given colostrum (yellow milk) which is known as “Immunity booster for the child”. Eighteen percent of the children were fed with pre-lacteals. Breastfeeding till the completion of 6 months were attained by 95.8% children. 78.3% children mothers’ reported the initiation of complementary feeding at right age i.e. after completion of 6 months of age. Conclusion: Under nutrition in young children needs to be prevented. Mothers of young children needs to be sensitized for optimal IYCF practices.
Analysis of the effect of weight loss through bariatric surgery on depression
Authors: Mohandas Krishna , Lalitha Prema , Kumar S Krishna , Haridas K P 
Published: October 2021

Bariatric surgery results in significant improvement in health related quality of life and depressive symptoms irrespective of the wide range of weight change. This experiment was planned to assess the incidence of depression in obese respondents and to analyse the change in depression after weight loss through bariatric surgery.To analyse the incidence of depression in obese individuals undergoing bariatric surgery and the significance of change in depression status after weight loss.The study was conducted in a multispecialty hospital having obesity clinic and bariatric surgery unit. The depression level before the study and at six months post surgery was assessed using a standard tool named Beck’s inventory. Study period was from 2015 to 2017.Respondents having BMI of 33-50 Kg/m belonging to both the genders in the age range of 18-65 years. The respondents having BMI more than 50Kg/m were excluded in this study.18 respondents who underwent bariatric surgery were included in the study. Percentage distribution, Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA, and Paired t test were the tools utilised in statistical analysis of the data.Schedule to assess change in nutritional status using a structured questionnaire considering anthropometric, biochemical, clinical and dietary parameters, and standard tool named Beck’s Depression Inventory, which is a tool for depression status. The surgery patients had initial Beck Score ranging from 1 to 14 indicating mild depression which on follow up reduced to 0 to 7. The weight loss in both genders were similar to each other. The change in intake of nutrients and the scores of depression were more prominent in men than that of women. Respondents pre operatively had mild mood disturbances which after weight loss, became a normal mood.Thus it can be concluded that weight loss through bariatric surgery is effective in reducing depression.
Integrasi Pembibitan Tanaman Tebu Tunas Tunggal dan Budi Daya Ikan Lele
Authors: Rochmah Hidayati Fatchur , Mumpuni Restu Puji , Ramadhani Dian Eka 
Published: October 2021

This study evaluates the feasibility of integration of the single-bud sugarcane and catfish farming system and the growth rate of both plants and fish. The observation started from September to November 2020. The design used was randomized with one factor. The treatments used were cultivation of single-bud sugarcane in polybags, hydroponic single-bud sugarcane cultivation, integration of single-bud sugarcane-catfish, and catfish cultivation. The results showed that the growth of sugarcane seedlings and the catfish indicate that the integrated cultivation system of sugarcane-catfish is feasible to apply. Such an integration system produces a better number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf area, and root length than the cultivation system of sugarcane seedlings in polybags. The weight of the canopy and the root of sugarcane seedlings in the integration system is also noticeable greater than the sugarcane seedlings cultivated in the polybag. In addition, the rate of catfish growth in the integration system is better than catfish's ordinary cultivation.

Keywords: hydroponic, integration farming system, single bud sugarcane planting
Peningkatan Kadar Zn Beras Pecah-Kulit pada Sistem Penggenangan Berselang Melalui Aplikasi Pupuk Kandang Diperkaya Zn Heptahidrat
Authors: Salawati Salawati , Ende Sjarifuddin , Basir Mohammad , Kadekoh Indrianto , Thaha Abdul Rahim 
Published: October 2021

Zn levels in rice are essential for maintaining consumer health. However, Zn deficient plants can reduce levels of Zn in grains and the ability of plants to express their genetic potentials. This study examines the use of cow manure enriched with Zn heptahydrate on increasing Zn levels of broken skin rice. The experiment was arranged in a randomized single factor group design with seven levels of manure dose treatment, namely: 0; 2.5; 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15 tons ha-1, with 3 replications. Spacing was 30 cm x 30 cm with a size of 3 m x 4 m. The parameters observed were plant growth, the weight of 1,000-grain, percentage of empty grain, production, Zn and protein contents of the brown rice. The collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance with a confidence interval of 5%, followed by the Duncan test of 5%. The results showed that the application of cow manure with a dose of 10 tons ha-1 enriched by 5 kg ha-1 Zn heptahydrate could increase the number of productive tillers, weight of 1,000-grains, production, Zn and protein contents of the brown rice as well as suppress the grainy rice grain of Mekongga variety of lowland rice on the intermittent flooding.

Keywords: brownrice, cow manure, irrigation system, Zn heptahydrate
Arabic Language Literary Heritage in the Works of Central Asian Thinkers in the 10th-12th Centuries
Authors: Umarovna Khodjaeva Rano 
Published: October 2021

In the 10th-12th centuries there had been a rapid flourishing of literary creativity in the Arabic language in the regions of Central Asia such as Mawaraunnahr and Khwarezm. Tens of thousands of Arabic-language manuscripts have been stored in manuscript collections all over the world, including the manuscript collection of our Republic. Some of them have been selectively studied by orientalists. At the same time, the number of still unexplored manuscripts is very large, and there are manuscripts containing vivid artistic creations among them. Translating and researching of these works in order to bring the treasures of spiritual and aesthetic heritage to our people is a responsible and honorable task of Uzbek orientalists.This article expounds on the contributions of the Central Asian thinkers in the development of Arabic literature in the 10th-12th centuries, in the establishment of its genres, and the formation of its primary trends. In the article, a brief overview of the main literary works of the period and their influence on the direction of the literary development both in Central Asia and the entire world of Islam is given. The rich Arabic literature of Mawarannаhar and Khwarezm spurred vibrant cultural growth locally during the first stage of the Islamic Renaissance and further development of the social and moral thought of its peoples. Abu Bakr al-Khwarezmi, Abu Ali Sina, Mahmud al-Zamakshari, and many other Central Asian thinkers combined both scientific and literary endeavors throughout their lives. During this very period, the main body of the greatest literary monuments was created. Additionally, the perspectives of a deeper study of this literary heritage as part of the world heritage and the entire human civilization are examined in this article. A comprehensive study of the Arabic literary heritage of the 9th-12th centuries may, on one hand, help to fill out the gap in the studies of the literary activities of the period. On the other hand, even though certain steps in this direction have been made, prospects of research from the position of literary studies demand a deeper exploration of literary activities, thematic categories, poetics, uniqueness of local genres, and other facets, which will help make certain the size of the contribution of Central Asian scholars to the development not only of Eastern literature but of Western as well.
Development and Validation Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) Instrument for Teacher Mathematics in Elementary School
Authors: Suryani Titik , Rahayu Wardani , Saptono Ari 
Published: October 2021

Measurement of teacher competence through TPACK is very important to do. However, the majority of the instruments used to measure TPACK for elementary school teachers are not yet in line with the needs of the 21st Century. This study aims to develop a TPACK instrument for elementary school teachers in a valid and reliable Mathematic lesson. This study uses the quantitative research. The study sample involved 1490 teacher in elementary school, grade IV, V, and VI teachers from state and private elementary schools with A level of accreditation, spread across fourteen sub-districts in the Kabupaten Bogor. Data analysis techniques use Winsteps 4.0.1. So that, overall, this instrument can be used to measure TPACK of elementary school teachers in the content of mathematics lessons. This instrument can be used to map teacher competencies based on TPACK values. Furthermore, if there are some weaknesses in the 7 aspects of the TPACK, policy makers can determine the follow-up that needs to be determined to further improve the competence of elementary school teachers. The dimensions that stand out in this research are lesson content, teaching approach, technology, pedagogy, content, and mathematics.
Fast Fluoride Ion Conduction in Molecular Cation-Containing Compounds, NH4(Mg1-xLix)F3-x and (NH4)2(Mg1-xLix)F4-x
Authors: Motohashi Kota , Matsukawa Yosuke , Nakamura Takashi , Kimura Yuta , Uchimoto Yoshiharu , Amezawa Koji 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Aiming development of the fast anion conductors, we proposed a new material design using flexible molecular cation as a host cation, and demonstrated it with fluoride ion conduction in NH4(Mg1-xLix)F3-x and (NH4)2(Mg1-xLix)F4-x. Relatively high fluoride ion conductivities of 4.8×10-5 S cm-1 and 8.4×10-6 S cm-1 were achieved at 323 K in (NH4)2(Mg0.85Li0.15)F3.85 and NH4(Mg0.9Li0.1)F2.9, respectively. Our findings suggest molecular cation-containing compounds can be attractive material groups for fast anion conductors.
The Impact of CK-MB Elevation in Patients With Acute Type A Aortic Dissection With Coronary Artery Involvement
Authors: Minamidate Naoshi , Suzuki Tomoaki 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Acute coronary artery involvement (ACI) is a lethal complication of acute type A aortic dissection. Although ACI has been reported as one of the prognostic factors of acute type A aortic dissection, it does not always cause coronary ischemia. The extent of myocardial damage varies from case to case. Moreover, since the definition of ACI varies from paper to paper, it is unknown what the difference is between ACI with and without myocardial necrosis. In general, it can be assumed that cases with myocardial infarction have worse results. However, it is unknown how poor ACI is with myocardiac ischemia and how optimistic it is without it. This study compared the surgical results between the two groups of ACI with or without myocardiac ischemia.
Methods

Among 348 patients who underwent an emergency operation for acute type A aortic dissection, there were 28 (8.0%) patients complicated by ACI and underwent additional coronary artery bypass grafting. We divided 26 of those patients into two groups; the MI group ( with CK-MB elevation) and the NMI group (without CK-MB elevation) and compared both groups.
Results

Of the 26, sixteen were in the MI group, and ten were in the NMI group. The average CK-MB in the MI group was 225.5 IU/L, and that in the NMI group was 13.5 IU/L. The mean time from onset to surgery was 248 minutes in the MI group, 250 minutes in the NMI group. There was statistical significance in mortality ( 69% vs. 13%, p=0.03). There was no significance in major complications (ICU days, reintubation, reoperation, pneumonia, sepsis).
Conclusions

Acute coronary artery involvement was associated with 8.0% of patients with ATAAD, and 62% of them had myocardial ischemia with CK-MB elevation. As expected, the MI group had significantly higher mortality than the NMI group. It is crucial for cases with suspected ACI to obtain coronary perfusion as soon as possible to prevent CK-MB from elevationg.
Clinical Characteristics, Risk Factors and Outcomes of MRSA Pneumonia with Secondary MRSA Bloodstream Infection
Authors: Huang Fangfang , Shen Ting , Xin Hai , Xiu Huiqing , Zhang Kai , Huang Tiancha , Chen Juan , Guan Zhihui , Zhou Hongwei , Cai Jiachang , Cai Zhijian , Cui Wei , Zhang Shufang , Zhang Gensheng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pneumonia (MP) and MRSA bloodstream infections (MRSA-BSI) are relatively often described, but MP with secondary MRSA-BSI (termed as MP-BSI) is few reported. Herein, we attempted to investigate the clinical features, risk factors and outcomes of MP-BSI in comparison with MP alone.MethodsClinical data from patients with MP was retrospectively collected. The cases were divided into groups of MP alone and MP-BSI. Determination of independent risk factors for MP-BSI relied on binomial logistic regression analysis. In addition, the outcomes were also compared.ResultsA total of 435 patients with MP were recruited, 18.9% (82/435) of whom was MP-BSI. The median age was 62 (interquartile range,51,72) years, and 74.5% were male. Multivariate analysis revealed that high SOFA score, immunosuppression, community-acquired MRSA pneumonia (CA-MP), time from initial to targeted antibiotics, accelerated respiratory rate, elevated γ-GT (all p<0.05) were independent risk factors for MP-BSI, while targeted treatment with linezolid was a protective factor. The median length of hospitalization, 28-day mortality, and in-hospital mortality among total patients were 26 days, 13.6%, and 17.0%, respectively. Patients with MP-BSI had longer length of hospitalization, higher 28-day mortality and in-hospital mortality (all p<0.05).Conclusions﻿Secondary MRSA-BSI among MRSA pneumonia is not uncommon. High SOFA score, immunosuppression, CA-MP, time from initial to targeted antibiotics, accelerated respiratory rate and elevated γ-GT are independent risk factors for MP with secondary MRSA-BSI; importantly, linezolid as targeted antibiotic is a protective factor. In addition, patients with MP have worse clinical outcomes when they are developed with MRSA-BSI.
Comparison of Survival Between Patients Receiving General Ambulatory Palliative Care and Patients Receiving Other Palliative Care - Analysis of Data of a Statutory Health Insurance Data
Authors: Moon Kilson , Rehner Laura , Hoffmann Wolfgang , Berg Neeltje van den 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background The care of palliative patients takes place as non-specialized and specialized care, in both ambulatory and stationary settings. However, palliative care is largely provided as non-specialized care in the ambulatory sector (AAPV). This study aimed to investigate whether the survival curves of AAPV patients differed from those of the more intensive palliative care modalities and whether AAPV palliative care was appropriate in terms of timing.Methods The study is based on claims data from a large statutory health insurance. The analysis included 4,177 patients who received palliative care starting in 2015 and who were fully insured one year before and one year after palliative care or until death. The probability of survival was observed for 12 months. Patients were classified into group A, which consisted of patients who received palliative care only with AAPV, and group B including patients who received stationary or specialized ambulatory palliative care. Group A was further divided into two subgroups. Patients who received AAPV on only 1 day were assigned to Subgroup A1, and patients who received AAPV on two or more days were assigned to Subgroup A2. The survival analysis was carried out using Kaplan-Meier curves. The median survival times were compared with the log-rank test.Results The survival curves differed between groups A and B, except in the first quartile of the survival distribution. The median survival was significantly longer in group A (137 days, n=2,763) than in group B (47 days, n=1,424, p<0.0001) and shorter in group A1 (35 days, n=986) than in group A2 (217 days, n=1,767, p<0.0001). The survival rate during the 12-month follow-up was higher in group A (42%) than in group B (11%) and lower in group A1 (38%) than in group A2 (44%).Conclusions The results of the analysis revealed that patients who received the first palliative care shortly before death suspected insufficient care, especially patients who received AAPV for only 1 day and no further palliative care until death or 12-month follow-up. Palliative care should start as early as necessary and be continuous until the end of life.