bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and factors associated with prescribing renin‐angiotensin‐system inhibitors in adult idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Nishiwaki Hiroki , Niihata Kakuya , Shimizu Sayaka , Shibagaki Yugo , Yamamoto Ryohei , Nitta Kosaku , Tsukamoto Tatsuo , Uchida Shunya , Takeda Asami , Okada Hirokazu , Narita Ichiei , Isaka Yoshitaka , Kurita Noriaki ,   Japan Nephrotic Syndrome Cohort Study group
Published: March 2021

AbstractAngiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are prescribed as conservative or adjunctive therapies for adult idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. However, studies on real‐world practice patterns are scarce. This study aimed to examine the prevalence and incidence of ACEI/ARB prescription and their associated factors. This nationwide cohort study included adult Japanese patients with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome including minimal change disease (MCD), membranous nephropathy (MN), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), and others. The outcomes were the prevalence of ACEI/ARB prescription at baseline (date of renal biopsy or date of immunosuppressant initiation) and at 2 months after baseline. Of the 326 eligible patients, 122 (37.4%) had already been prescribed ACEIs/ARBs. Of the remaining 204 patients, 67 (32.7%) were newly prescribed within the 2‐month period. MN/FSGS (vs. MCD, adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 4.96 [95% confidence interval {CI} 2.53–9.72] and 3.95 [95% CI 1.61–9.66], respectively), higher age (per 1‐yr increase, AOR: 1.02 [95% CI 1.00–1.04]), other hypertensive agents (AOR: 2.18 [95% CI 1.21–3.92]), antidiabetic drug (AOR: 6.57 [95% CI 1.77–24.4]) were associated with a higher prevalence of ACEI/ARB prescription. MN (vs. MCD, AOR: 6.00 [95% CI 2.57–14.0]) and higher baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP) (per 10‐mmHg increase, AOR: 1.36 [95% CI 1.09–1.70]) were associated with a higher incidence of ACEI/ARB prescription. On average, incidence of ACEI/ARB prescription increased from 19.2% to 40.8% as baseline SBP increased from 100 to 140 mmHg. Thus, Japanese nephrologists are likely to prescribe ACEIs/ARBs for nephrotic patients with MN or high baseline SBP, even below the hypertensive range.
Acupoint catgut embedding improves senescence in a rat model of ageing by regulating mitophagy via the PINK1 pathway
Authors: Zhou Meiling , Yuan Yumei , Lin Zishu , Zhang Bin , Qin Wenluo , Liu Yongqiang , Yang Cong , Wang Qi , Zhang Hong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAgeing population is a tough task worldwide, and the aggravating trend of ageing population in China brings enormous pressure to healthcare system. Chinese acupuncture has shown definite anti‐ageing effect as arthralgia relief, movement improvement, energy increase and immunity enhancement; however, the mechanisms underlying are far away from illumination. Increasing literature has highlighted the role of alterations in mitochondrial function as a potential central regulator in ageing biology; mitophagy plays a critical role in mitochondrial quality control. In the present study, we demonstrated that acupoint catgut embedding treatment ameliorated ageing‐related alterations in appearance, muscle function and spatial memory in rats, reduced degenerated cells in hippocampus, and maintained relatively normal structures in the hippocampus tissue and neurons. These changes were proved to be associated with the regulation of mitochondrial function and autophagic activity. Furthermore, we investigated part of the molecular mechanisms and demonstrated that the PINK1 other than PINK1–Parkin signalling pathway involved in the effects of acupoint catgut embedding, and the imbalancement between mitochondrial fusion and fission and stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis may aggravate or compensate for impaired mitochondria. The factors act downstream PINK, and the interaction between them for mitochondrial homeostasis in this process remains to be identified.
Job Stress, Psychological Capital, Perceived Social Support, and Occupational Burnout Among Hospital Nurses
Authors: Liu Ying , Aungsuroch Yupin , Gunawan Joko , Zeng Dejian 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeTo determine the structural relationships among nurses’ occupational burnout, job stress, psychological capital, and perceived support from society.DesignA cross‐sectional design was performed to collect data from 766 registered nurses in three general tertiary Class A hospitals from March to August 2018.MethodsStructural equation modeling was performed to examine the proposed model.FindingsThe research data supported the proposed model. Psychological capital, job stress, and perceived social support significantly influenced occupational burnout. Job stress indirectly influenced burnout through perceived social support and psychological capital. The influencing factors accounted for 49% of the variance in explaining burnout.ConclusionsThe findings identified structural relationships among the four studied variables. This study provides new information regarding the preventive role of perceived social support and psychological capital, which perform the mediating role between job stress and occupational burnout.Clinical RelevanceNursing administrators should provide a healthy work environment, effective psychological capital training, and assistance to reduce nurses’ occupational burnout.
Nurse navigators and person‐centred care; delivered but not valued?
Authors: Byrne Amy‐Louise , Harvey Clare , Baldwin Adele 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPositioning the individual at the centre of care (person‐centred care [PCC]) is essential to improving outcomes for people living with multiple chronic conditions. However, research also suggests that this is structurally challenging because health systems continue to adopt long‐standing, episodic care encounters. One strategy to provide a more cohesive, individualised approach to care is the implementation of the nurse navigator role. Current research shows that although PCC is a focus of navigation, such care may be hindered by the rigid, systematised health services providing siloed specialist care. In this paper, we utilised a case study method to investigate the experiences of a nurse navigator and patient. The nurse navigator and the patient participated in individual interviews, the transcripts of which were analysed using critical discourse analysis. Findings from a larger research project suggest that traditional measures (hospital avoidance, emergency department usage) which work as the service objectives of the nurse navigator service have the potential to stifle the delivery of PCC. The analysis from this case study supports the broader findings and further highlights the need for improved alignment between service objectives and the health and well‐being of the individuals utilising the services.
The rise of the syndrome – sub‐optimal growth disorders in farmed shrimp
Authors: Kooloth Valappil Rajendran , Stentiford Grant D. , Bass David 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe phenomenon of slow growth in farmed shrimp was observed for the first time in 1989 in Penaeus vannamei as a clinical manifestation of runt deformity syndrome caused by infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus. Subsequently, it was recorded in Penaeus monodon during 2001–2002. Since then, the condition described as monodon slow growth syndrome (MSGS) has been reported from many countries. Though not leading to mortality, retarded growth at the pond level results in significant economic losses. Several potential pathogens have been identified from affected shrimp; however, no confirmed causal relationship has yet been established. Initially, P. vannamei farmed alongside slow growth‐affected P. monodon were unaffected by the condition. Further, experimental studies suggested that P. vannamei was not susceptible. However, in recent years, increasing incidence of severe growth retardation has been reported in farmed P. vannamei. Currently, slow growth is considered as one of the most impactful production‐limiting conditions affecting shrimp farming across Asia. Similar to MSGS, many infectious agents have been detected in slow growth‐affected P. vannamei, especially the microsporidian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei. Further, genetic and environmental factors have been suggested to play a role. However, the exact cause of slow growth remains elusive, proposing that it may be a multi‐factor syndrome. This review tracks the trajectory of the condition over the period of significant expansion of shrimp farming and postulates that conventional single pathogen/single disease paradigms are insufficient to deal with chronic yield‐limiting syndromes. We suggest more realistic, multi‐dimensional aetiological consideration of syndromic and emerging diseases in shrimp aquaculture.
A survey of attributes of surgical resident applicants deemed important to American College of Veterinary Surgeons board‐certified surgeons involved in resident selection and methods used to evaluate these attributes
Authors: Upchurch David A. , Renberg Walter C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine which attributes of residency applicants were most commonly assessed by large and small animal American College of Veterinary Surgeons diplomates and to determine which evaluation methods were perceived to assess those attributes.Study designOnline survey.Sample populationAmerican College of Veterinary Surgeons board‐certified surgeons as of March 2019.MethodsAn online survey was sent to eligible individuals. Respondents rated the importance of 23 attributes assessed by the Veterinary Internship and Residency Matching Program (VIRMP) application as well the usefulness of interviews, conversations with people knowledgeable with the applicants, and review of the VIRMP packet for evaluating each of these attributes. Responses were compared between large and small animal practitioners and between individuals involved in residency selection (supervisors) and individuals not involved in residency selection (nonsupervisors).ResultsSurveys were completed by 221 individuals (14.6% response rate). Seventeen of the 23 attributes were considered important by most respondents. Grade point average (GPA) and class rank were used as screening tools by 73% and 65% of supervisors, respectively. Letters of reference (LOR) were ranked as the most important part of the VIRMP packet. Conversations with people knowledgeable with the applicant was the only method judged by most respondents to be appropriate to evaluate all 23 attributes. Responses were similar between large and small animal supervisors and nonsupervisors.ConclusionRespondents considered conversations with people knowledgeable with the applicant to be the most useful methods for assessing a resident applicant, but LOR, GPA, and class rank were also important.ImpactResident applicants and mentors can use this information to strengthen applications.
Phytodiversity in Christmas‐tree plantations under different management regimes
Authors: Streitberger Merle , Fartmann Thomas 
Published: March 2021

AbstractChristmas trees are increasingly being cultivated throughout Europe. Christmas‐tree plantations (CTP) are characterised by intensive vegetation management, which is essential for ensuring tree quality. Within conventional CTP, herbicides are applied extensively, whereas in organic plantations, alternative methods for vegetation management, such as grazing, are implemented. A further characteristic of organic CTP is the application of organic fertiliser. We compared soil conditions, habitat structure and phytodiversity of differently managed CTP for deriving management recommendations for promoting plant species diversity in CTP. We focused on four different plantation types, representing a gradient of land‐use intensity: conventional CTP in open landscapes (CTP‐OPEN) and on former windthrows (CTP‐WIND), organic CTP (CTP‐ORG) and fir‐greenery plantations (FIR) as a baseline for lowest land‐use intensity. Our study discovered clear differences in soil characteristics, habitat structure and phytodiversity among the different plantation types. However, former land use had only little impact, as the differences between the two conventional CTP (CTP‐OPEN/‐WIND) were small. Soil conditions were similar among the three types of CTP compared to FIR. In contrast, habitat structure and phytodiversity differed between the two conventional CTP and the less intensively managed CTP‐ORG and FIR. Conventional CTP were characterised by open vegetation with relatively low plant species richness and a low number of stress‐tolerant species, but some neophytes. In contrast, CTP‐ORG and FIR had a high cover of grasses, the highest overall species richness and the highest number of stress‐tolerant species. For promoting plant species diversity in CTP, we recommend a reduction in management intensity, especially herbicide application.
Site‐specific weed management—constraints and opportunities for the weed research community: Insights from a workshop
Authors: Lati Ran Nisim , Rasmussen Jesper , Andujar Dionisio , Dorado Jose , Berge Therese W. , Wellhausen Christina , Pflanz Michael , Nordmeyer Henning , Schirrmann Michael , Eizenberg Hanan , Neve Paul , Jørgensen Rasmus Nyholm , Christensen Svend 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe adoption of site‐specific weed management (SSWM) technologies by farmers is not aligned with the scientific achievements in this field. While scientists have demonstrated significant success in real‐time weed identification, phenotyping and accurate weed mapping by using various sensors and platforms, the integration by farmers of SSWM and weed phenotyping tools into weed management protocols is limited. This gap was therefore a central topic of discussion at the most recent workshop of the SSWM Working Group arranged by the European Weed Research Society (EWRS). This insight paper aims to summarise the presentations and discussions of some of the workshop panels and to highlight different aspects of weed identification and spray application that were thought to hinder SSWM adoption. It also aims to share views and thoughts regarding steps that can be taken to facilitate future implementation of SSWM.
Accuracy and comparison of two rapid multiplex PCR tests for gastroenteritis pathogens: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chang Li-Jun , Hsiao Chun-Jen , Chen Bing , Liu Tzu-Yu , Ding Julia , Hsu Wan-Ting , Su-Ortiz Victor , Chen Szu-Ta , Su Ke-Ying , Wu Han-Ping , Lee Chien-Chang 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesThe primary aim is to provide a summary of evidence for the diagnostic accuracies of multiplex PCR gastrointestinal (GI) panels—BioFire FilmArray and Luminex xTAG on the detection of gastroenteritis pathogens. The secondary aim is to compare the performance of these GI panels head to head.MethodsA comprehensive search up to 1 December 2019 was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Ovid Medline and Web of Science for studies that used FilmArray or Luminex xTAG Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel (GPP) for diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis. A summary of diagnostic accuracies for the 16 pathogens were calculated by comparing the GI panels to the current gold standards (conventional standard microbiology techniques such as culture or PCR for bacteria, PCR or enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for viruses, microscopy or EIA for parasite). Hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) curve analysis, pretest and post-test probabilities were used for estimating the pathogen detection performance.ResultsA total of 11 studies with 7085 stool samples were eligible for analysis. Multiplex PCRs demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, with specificity ≧0.98 and area under the ROC curve (AUROC) ≧0.97 for all the pathogens except forYersinia enterocolitica(AUROC 0.91). The FilmArray panel demonstrated a higher sensitivity than xTAG GPP for most of the pathogens with the exception of Rotavirus A (xTAG GPP and FilmArray were both 0.93).ConclusionsThis is the first meta-analysis that is a head-to-head comparison examining the performance of the novel multiplex PCR-based tests Luminex xTAG GPP and FilmArray GI panel in detecting each pathogen. Point estimates calculated from eligible studies showed that both GI panels are highly accurate and may provide important diagnostic information for early identification of gastroenteritis. In addition, although FilmArray has higher sensitivity and post-test probability than xTAG GPP for most of the pathogens, how this will translate to a clinical setting remains unclear.
About this title - The Geology and Tectonics of the Jabal Akhdar and Saih Hatat Domes, Oman Mountains
Authors: Scharf A. , Mattern F. , Al-Wardi M. , Frijia G. , Moraetis D. , Pracejus B. , Bauer W. , Callegari I. 
Published: March 2021

The geology of the Oman Mountains, including the Jabal Akhdar and Saih Hatat domes, is extraordinarily well-exposed and diverse, spanning a geological record of more than 800 Ma. The area is blessed with first-class outcrops and is well known in the geological community for its ophiolite. The Oman Mountains have much more to offer; including, Neoproterozoic diamictites (“Snowball Earth”), fossil-rich Permo-Mesozoic carbonates and metamorphic rocks. The arid climate and deep incision of wadis allow for nearly complete rock exposure which can be investigated in all three dimensions. The diverse geology is also responsible for the breathtaking landscape. New roads and the nature of the friendly Omani people make fieldwork unforgettable.
This Memoir provides a thorough state-of-the-art overview of the geology and tectonics of the Southeastern Oman Mountains, and is accompanied by an over-sized geological map and a correlation chart.
Chapter 2 Tectonostratigraphy of the eastern part of the Oman Mountains
Authors: Scharf Andreas , Mattern Frank , Al-Wardi Mohammed , Frijia Gianluca , Moraetis Daniel , Pracejus Bernhard , Bauer Wilfried , Callegari Ivan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This chapter provides comprehensive descriptions of 52 numbered formations/rock units of the Southeastern Oman Mountains, based on available literature. The oldest eight siliciclastic and carbonate formations are positioned below the ‘Hercynian’ Unconformity. The overlying formation (9–16) mostly represent carbonates which accumulated in a passive margin platform setting during or after the opening of the Neo-Tethys Ocean. The passive margin slope and platform collapsed during the late Cretaceous because of the obduction of the Semail Ophiolite along with the deep marine Hawasina sedimentary rocks. The collapsing passive margin interval was recorded within the syn-obductional Aruma Group (17; Muti Formation). Above this formation are the allochthonous units (18–42) of the tectonically lower Hawasina deep-sea basin and the structurally overlying Semail Ophiolite. The former contains Permian to Upper Cretaceous formations, while the latter is Cenomanian in age. Above the allochthonous rocks, the Neo-autochthonous formations were deposited, starting with the post-obductional uppermost Cretaceous Aruma Group (43; Al-Khod Formation) until the Quaternary deposits (52). All these formations/rock units are depicted on an accompanying map and stratigraphic chart.
Abstract IA-08: High parameter single cell analysis has driven deep understanding of immune processes
Authors: Nolan Garry P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
High parameter single cell analysis has driven deep understanding of immune processes. Using a next-generation single-cell “mass cytometry” platform we quantify surface and cytokine or drug responsive indices of kinase target with 45 or more parameter analyses (e.g. 45 antibodies, viability, nucleic acid content, and relative cell size). Similarly, we have developed two advanced technologies termed MIBI and CODEX that enable deep phenotyping of solid tissue in both fresh frozen and FFPE formats (50 – 100 markers). Collectively, the systems allow for subcellular analysis from the 70nm resolution scale to whole tissue in 3D. I will present evidence of deep internal order in immune functionality demonstrating that differentiation and immune activities have evolved with a definable “shape”. Further, specific cellular neighborhoods of immune cells are now definable with unique abilities to affect cellular phenotypes—and these neighborhoods alter in various cancer disease states. In addition to cancer, these shapes and neighborhoods are altered during immune action and “imprinted” during, and after, pathogen attack, traumatic injury, or auto-immune disease. Hierarchies of functionally defined trans-cellular modules are observed that can be used for mechanistic and clinical insights in cancer and immune therapies.
Citation Format: Garry P. Nolan. High parameter single cell analysis has driven deep understanding of immune processes [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Diagnosis, and Imaging; 2021 Jan 13-14. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(5_Suppl):Abstract nr IA-08.
Abstract PO-002: Pan-cancer integrative histology-genomic analysis via interpretable multimodal deep learning
Authors: Chen Richard J. , Lu Ming Y. , Shady Maha , Lipkova Jana , Chen Tiffany , Williamson Drew Fabrizio , Joo Bumjin , Mahmood Faisal 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Cancer prognostication and therapeutic response prediction is driven by prognostic markers in both histopathology slides and molecular profiles. The rapidly emerging field of deep learning-based computational pathology has demonstrated promise in developing objective prognostic models from histology whole slide images. Several studies have focused on predicting genomic and transcriptomic alterations from histology images. However, most prognostic models are either based on histology or genomics alone and do not address how histology and genomics can be integrated to develop joint image-omic assays and prognostic models. To overcome these challanges, we present a pan-cancer integrative platform for biomarker discovery in both histology slides and molecular profile data (http://pancancer.ai). We used corresponding gigapixel whole-slide images, RNA-Seq abundance, copy number variation, and mutation data from 5,720 patients across 14 cancer types to train a weakly supervised, interpretable, multimodal deep learning algorithm that is able to not only fuse these heterogenous modalities for survival analysis, but also discover prognostic features from these modalities that corroborate with poor and favorable survival outcomes using multimodal interpretability. In a 5-fold cross validation, we compared our model with unimodal deep learning models trained on histology slides and molecular profiles alone, and demonstrate performance increase in risk stratification on 9 out of 14 cancers, as well as shifts in feature importance when conditioned on more than one modality. To validate our setup as a platform for driving biomarker discovery, we analyzed both morphological and molecular features that were identified by high attribution regions in every patient, and discovered statistically significant associations between high tumor-infilitrating lymphocyte (TIL) presence in H&E tissue and favorable survival outcomes made by our model. This indicates that our weakly supervised prognostic models are able to separate immune hot and immune cold patients while no pixel level annotations were used during training.
Citation Format: Richard J. Chen, Ming Y. Lu, Maha Shady, Jana Lipkova, Tiffany Chen, Drew Fabrizio Williamson, Bumjin Joo, Faisal Mahmood. Pan-cancer integrative histology-genomic analysis via interpretable multimodal deep learning [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Diagnosis, and Imaging; 2021 Jan 13-14. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2021;27(5_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-002.