bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeted micronutrition via holo-BLG based on the farm effect in house dust mite allergic rhinoconjunctivitis patients – first evaluation in a standardized allergen exposure chamber
Authors: Bergmann Karl-Christian , Graessel Anke , Raab Jennifer , Banghard Werner , Krause Linda , Becker Sylvia , Kugler Sebastian , Zuberbier Torsten , Ott Verena B. , Kramer Matthias F. , Roth‑Walter Franziska , Jensen-Jarolim Erika , Guethoff Sonja 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Evaluation of a lozenge for targeted micronutrition (holo-BLG), a new invention based on the farm effect, in house dust mite (HDM) allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) patients in a standardized allergen exposure chamber (AEC).

Methods
Eligible HDM allergic patients were exposed to HDM raw material in an AEC for 120 min before (V1) and after (V3) 3 months of holo-BLG supplementation. Nasal, conjunctival, bronchial and other symptoms were rated by the patients every 10 min and, wellbeing, peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF), and lung function parameters every 30 min. Primary endpoint was the change in median Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS) at V3 compared to V1 at 120 min of exposure. Secondary endpoints consisted of the exploratory analysis of the temporal evolution of symptom scores using linear mixed effects models.

Results
A total of 32 patients were included in the analysis. A significant improvement of 60% (p = 0.0034) in the primary endpoint TNSS (V1 2.5 [interquartile range, IQR 1–4], V3 1.0 [IQR 1–3]) was observed. 40% improvement was seen for the Total Symptom Score (V1 5.0 [IQR 3–9], V3 3.0 [IQR 2–4]; [Wilcoxon test: confidence interval 1.5–4.0, p < 0.0003]). The analysis of the temporal evolution of all symptom scores and the personal wellbeing revealed clinically meaningful improvement over time, manifested in a lower symptom increase during the final HDM exposure. No relevant differences were observed for PNIF and lung function parameters. Safety and tolerability were rated as excellent.

Conclusions
The effect of holo-BLG resulting in immune resilience might help to fight the allergy epidemic on a new front based on targeted micronutrition of immune cells.

Trial registration
The study was retrospectively registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04477382).
Geographic impressions in Facebook political ads
Authors: Gitomer Adina , Oleinikov Pavel V. , Baum Laura M. , Fowler Erika Franklin , Shai Saray 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOnline political advertising is becoming increasingly popular as political campaigns recognize the utility of social network platforms, like Facebook, for reaching and engaging with voters. Yet, contrary to the wealth of information about campaign advertising on TV, little is known about advertising online, as comprehensive data only recently became available to scholars. Moreover, the newly available data is often aggregated, incomplete, and imprecise. Here, we present an analysis of Facebook political ad data, supplemented with funding-related meta-data obtained through human coding and a partnership with the Center for Responsive Politics. Through computational tools—namely, network analysis—we aim to use this data to describe and categorize political ad funding behavior on Facebook. Specifically, we focus on the geographic concentration of ads, and discover that most ads reach an audience in a single geographic region (i.e., U.S. state) or in a wide range of regions, and very few reach an audience spanning a small number of regions. We use this observation to partition funding entities into three groups based on their relationships to regionally-concentrated ads. We then examine the differences between these groups via bipartite networks connecting funding entities to their geographic audiences, as well as content they support. Our findings reveal that geographic impressions play an important role in online political advertising, and can be used to classify funding entities. As a result, this study represents a step toward ensuring political funding transparency and demystifying online political advertising more broadly.
Cartesian coordinate control for teleoperated construction machines
Authors: Lee Hyung Joo , Brell-Cokcan Sigrid 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDespite the continuous development of the hardware, most construction machines are exclusively teleoperated limiting the control to a single paradigm. The operators usually have to move different joints of the machine in a coordinated way solely relied on their experiences leading to reduced local accuracy and work efficiency. Automation of construction machinery can open up new possibilities to improve efficiency and safety during the construction process. This work introduces a generic method that can adapt construction machines that have been already used in the field for decades, so that a more intuitive and versatile control paradigm can be allowed. We introduce the system architecture with the necessary hardware extension and the closed-loop inverse kinematic based motion controller implemented in a visual programming environment. In contrast to existing works, which are mostly based on developing entirely new systems, an autonomous machine suited for construction sites and other hazardous environments can be obtained at a reduced effort. Because of its low cost and generality, this approach can be widely utilized in construction industries opening possibilities for a combination of the advanced robotics technology with proven machines from construction sites. We present our first prototype system based on a BROKK 170 demolition machine and highlight its capabilities but also the inherent limitations of the proposed method.
A novel sparse reduced order formulation for modeling electromagnetic forces in electric motors
Authors: Sancarlos Abel , Cueto Elias , Chinesta Francisco , Duval Jean-Louis 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA novel model order reduction (MOR) technique is presented to achieve fast and real-time predictions as well as high-dimensional parametric solutions for the electromagnetic force which will help the design, analysis of performance and implementation of electric machines concerning industrial applications such as the noise, vibration, and harshness in electric motors. The approach allows to avoid the long-time simulations needed to analyze the electric machine at different operation points. In addition, it facilitates the computation and coupling of the motor model in other physical subsystems. Specifically, we propose a novel formulation of the sparse proper generalized decomposition procedure, combining it with a reduced basis approach, which is used to fit correctly the reduced order model with the numerical simulations as well as to obtain a further data compression. This technique can be applied to construct a regression model from high-dimensional data. These data can come, for example, from finite element simulations. As will be shown, an excellent agreement between the results of the proposed approach and the finite element method models are observed.
Assessment of service provider competency for child and adolescent psychological treatments and psychosocial services in global mental health: evaluation of feasibility and reliability of the WeACT tool in Gaza, Palestine
Authors: Jordans M. J. D. , Coetzee A. , Steen H. F. , Koppenol-Gonzalez G. V. , Galayini H. , Diab S. Y. , Aisha S. A. , Kohrt B. A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is a scarcity of evaluated tools to assess whether non-specialist providers achieve minimum levels of competency to effectively and safely deliver psychological interventions in low- and middle-income countries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability and utility of the newly developed Working with children – Assessment of Competencies Tool (WeACT) to assess service providers’ competencies in Gaza, Palestine.MethodsThe study evaluated; (1) psychometric properties of the WeACT based on observed role-plays by trainers/supervisors (N= 8); (2) sensitivity to change among service provider competencies (N= 25) using pre-and-post training WeACT scores on standardized role-plays; (3) in-service competencies among experienced service providers (N= 64) using standardized role-plays.ResultsWe demonstrated moderate interrater reliability [intraclass correlation coefficient, single measures, ICC = 0.68 (95% CI 0.48–0.86)] after practice, with high internal consistency (α= 0.94). WeACT assessments provided clinically relevant information on achieved levels of competencies (55% of the competencies were scored as adequate pre-training; 71% post-training; 62% in-service). Pre-post training assessment saw significant improvement in competencies (W= −3.64;p< 0.001).ConclusionThis study demonstrated positive results on the reliability and utility of the WeACT, with sufficient inter-rater agreement, excellent internal consistency, sensitivity to assess change, and providing insight needs for remedial training. The WeACT holds promise as a tool for monitoring quality of care when implementing evidence-based care at scale.
Rapid improvement in vitamin D status with dietary 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in vitamin D insufficient dogs
Authors: Kurzbard Rachel A. , Backus Robert C. , Yu Shiguang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with various disease processes. We determined whether consumption of a diet supplemented with HyD®, a 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3) source, would safely increase plasma 25(OH)D3 concentrations in Golden Retrievers with low vitamin D status. We hypothesised that dietary supplementation with HyD® would rapidly increase and sustain plasma 25(OH)D3 levels in healthy Golden Retrievers with low vitamin D status compared with supplementation with vitamin D3. Of fifty-seven privately owned dogs recruited with written owner consent, eighteen dogs with low vitamin D status were identified and sorted between two groups to have similar initial plasma 25(OH)D3 concentrations, sex distributions, ages and body weights. Dogs of each group were fed a dry dog food supplemented with either 16 μg/kg of 25(OH)D3 as HyD® (n 10) or 81 μg/kg of cholecalciferol (D3) (n 8) for 4 months. Plasma 25(OH)D3 concentrations were determined monthly. A significant time effect (P < 0⋅001) and time by group interaction (P = 0⋅0045) were found for monthly determined plasma 25(OH)D3 concentrations. Dogs fed the HyD®-supplemented diet experienced a 40⋅5 % rise in plasma 25(OH)D3 values after 1 month (P < 0⋅001) and no change thereafter. Plasma 25(OH)D3 values of dogs supplemented with vitamin D3 did not increase (P > 0⋅05) and were less than values of dogs supplemented with HyD® (P = 0⋅044). With few exceptions, average haematologic, biochemical and urinalyses results remained within the reference range for both groups. Dietary supplementation with HyD® is sufficient to safely increase and sustain plasma 25(OH)D3 levels in healthy dogs.
The first record of floor plates in pinnules and the earliest record of an anitaxis in rhodocrinitid diplobathrid camerate crinoids
Authors: Guensburg Thomas E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRestudy of Proexenocrinus inyoensis Strimple and McGinnis, 1972, shows that this earliest-known rhodocrinitid diplobathrid camerate crinoid (late Floian, Early Ordovician) expresses the only known record of ambulacral floor plates within pinnules. These pinnule floor plates are remarkably conserved plesiomorphic expressions, with anatomy similar to floor plates of some of the earliest pentaradiate echinoderms, although on a smaller scale. Proexenocrinus floor plates provide direct skeletal evidence that the general resemblance of blastozoan (eocrinoid, diploporan, rhombiferan) brachioles and crinoid pinnules is the product of homoplasy. Proexenocrinus posterior cup morphology is interpreted to include an anitaxis, a distinctive posterior interray morphology.
A decade of EU law in the courts of Scotland and Ireland: national legal systems compared
Authors: Rodger Barry , Maher Imelda , Riordan Rónán 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper presents the findings of a comparative statistical study examining the application and trends in the deployment and utilisation of European Union (EU) law before the Scottish and Irish courts over a 10-year period from 2009–2018. The paper poses the question, how does European integration impact on the domestic legal systems of EU Member States due to the increasing volume, and significance, of cases where EU law is raised and applied within domestic legal systems? The research presented is of particular relevance in light of Brexit. It allows prescient reflection on the significant disruption and impact the United Kingdom's exit from the EU is likely to have on areas of domestic law which are highly integrated with EU law. It highlights the potential difficulties implicit in attempting to unpick over 40 years of assimilation of EU law and principles into Scots law. These research outcomes should lead to further reflection and debate on the role of EU law and its impact on judicial decision-making in the Scottish and Irish legal systems in general.
The Diminishing Value of Representing the Disadvantaged: Between Group Representation and Individual Career Paths
Authors: Bailer Stefanie , Breunig Christian , Giger Nathalie , Wüst Andreas M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDoes enhanced descriptive representation lead to substantive representation? Legislators who share descriptive features with disadvantaged groups do not necessarily represent their group interests. Instead, Members of Parliament (MPs) strategically choose when to engage with the policy topic of their corresponding groups. MPs represent their respective group at the beginning of their career because it confers credibility when they have no legislative track record and few opportunities to demonstrate expertise. These group-specific efforts are replaced by other legislative activities at later stages of their careers. The authors apply this theoretical expectation across four disadvantaged groups – women, migrants, low social class and the young – and thereby offer a broad perspective on descriptive representation. Their sample consists of a unique data base that combines biographical information on German MPs with topic-coded parliamentary questions for the period 1998 to 2013. The study demonstrates the diminishing value of representing the disadvantaged across different types of MPs.
The long and winding road of Ascaris larval migration: the role of mouse models
Authors: Holland C. V. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAscaris lumbricoides and Ascaris suum are helminth parasites of humans and pigs, respectively. The life cycle of Ascaris sets it apart from the other soil-transmitted helminths because of its hepato-tracheal migration. Larval migration contributes to underestimated morbidity in humans and pigs. This migration, coupled with a lack of a murine model in which the Ascaris parasite might complete its life cycle, has undoubtedly contributed to the neglected status of the ascarid. Our knowledge of the epidemiology of adult worm infections had led us to an enhanced understanding of patterns of infection such as aggregation and predisposition; however, the mechanisms underlying these complex phenomena remain elusive. Carefully controlled experiments in defined inbred strains of mice – with enhanced recovery of larvae in tandem with measurements of cellular, histopathological and molecular processes – have greatly enhanced our knowledge of the early phase of infection, a phase crucial to the success or failure of adult worm establishment. Furthermore, the recent development of a mouse model of susceptibility and resistance, with highly consistent and diverging Ascaris larval burdens in the murine lungs, represents the extremes of the host phenotype displayed in the aggregated distribution of worms and provides an opportunity to explore the mechanistic basis that confers predisposition to light and heavy Ascaris infection. Certainly, detailed knowledge of the cellular hepatic and pulmonary responses at the molecular level can be accrued from murine models of infection and, once available, may enhance our ability to develop immunomodulatory therapies to elicit resistance to infection.
Accurate 3D Localization Using RGB-TOF Camera and IMU for Industrial Mobile Robots
Authors: Yekkehfallah Majid , Yang Ming , Cai Zhiao , Li Liang , Wang Chuanxiang 
Published: February 2021

SUMMARYLocalization based on visual natural landmarks is one of the state-of-the-art localization methods for automated vehicles that is, however, limited in fast motion and low-texture environments, which can lead to failure. This paper proposes an approach to solve these limitations with an extended Kalman filter (EKF) based on a state estimation algorithm that fuses information from a low-cost MEMS Inertial Measurement Unit and a Time-of-Flight camera. We demonstrate our results in an indoor environment. We show that the proposed approach does not require any global reflective landmark for localization and is fast, accurate, and easy to use with mobile robots.
A Turbulent Silk Road: China's Vulnerable Foreign Policy in the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Ghiselli Andrea , Morgan Pippa 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe nexus between China's human and economic presence abroad and its security policy is increasingly important. Within this nexus, this study statistically explores whether and to what extent Chinese contractors reduce the number of Chinese nationals they send to work in North Africa, the Middle East and the Horn of Africa when the security situation in host states worsens. We find no significant evidence that either warnings from Chinese embassies and consulates to leave host countries or expert perceptions of host stability influence the number of Chinese workers. Worker numbers appear to decrease significantly only in the aftermath of large-scale violent events. These findings suggest that Chinese companies are relatively acceptant of security risks and uncertainties, despite the decade-long regulatory efforts of the Chinese government to make them more security-conscious overseas and, thus, to reduce pressure to use diplomatically and economically expensive military means for their protection.
BOLZANO’S MATHEMATICAL INFINITE
Authors: BELLOMO ANNA , MASSAS GUILLAUME 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBernard Bolzano (1781–1848) is commonly thought to have attempted to develop a theory of size for infinite collections that follows the so-called part–whole principle, according to which the whole is always greater than any of its proper parts. In this paper, we develop a novel interpretation of Bolzano’s mature theory of the infinite and show that, contrary to mainstream interpretations, it is best understood as a theory of infinite sums. Our formal results show that Bolzano’s infinite sums can be equipped with the rich and original structure of a non-commutative ordered ring, and that Bolzano’s views on the mathematical infinite are, after all, consistent.
Where is the class bias attenuation? The consequences of adopting compulsory voting in Austria-Hungary in 1907
Authors: Kouba Karel 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAdopting compulsory voting (CV) legislation is expected to produce near-universal turnout, which in turn is assumed to iron out class-based differences in political influence and representation. The article traces the historical process generating the sequential adoption of CV in 8 of the 17 Cisleithanian crownlands of the Austro-Hungarian empire in 1907 and 1911, and leverages a difference-in-differences (DiD) method to estimate its causal effect on turnout and voting patterns in elections to the Imperial Council. Exploiting unique data on the turnout of citizens based on their occupational categories, it further examines whether the adoption of CV attenuated class bias in turnout. Despite a large boost to turnout, CV neither increased support for parties representing the working classes, nor attenuated the class bias in turnout.
Psychometric Properties of the German Short Version of the Maslach	Burnout Inventory – Student Survey
Authors: Turhan Derya , Scheunemann Anne , Schnettler Theresa , Bäulke Lisa , Thies Daniel O. , Dresel Markus , Fries Stefan , Leutner Detlev , Wirth Joachim , Grunschel Carola 
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Background: Higher education is a challenging context in which students – particularly those endowed with a small array of resources – are susceptible to suffer from burnout. To screen, identify, and support students that are at risk of burnout, psychometrically robust instruments are essential. To this end, we extended the validation of the German short version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory – Student Survey (MBI-SS-KV) that allows measuring burnout among German-speaking university students. Method: We conducted a longitudinal study and analyzed the factorial validity, reliability, measurement invariance, and convergent as well as discriminant validity of the MBI-SS-KV in a sample of German university students ( N = 1,435). Results: Our results replicated the original three-factor structure of the MBI-SS-KV. Yet, a bi-factor structure of the MBI-SS-KV – composed of a general factor (i.e., student burnout) and three domain-specific factors (i.e., emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced professional efficacy) – revealed a comparable fit and was used for further analyses due to theoretical and methodological advantages. Based on the bi-factor structure of the MBI-SS-KV, nested models with increasing invariance constraints provided support for measurement invariance of this instrument across female and male university students and across time. Besides, the average variance extracted estimates and the comparisons of these estimates with shared variances demonstrated convergent and discriminant validity of the factors emotional exhaustion and cynicism, but not for the factor reduced professional efficacy. Conclusion: To sum up, we found that the MBI-SS-KV is a reliable and for the most part valid instrument for the assessment of student burnout in German higher education.
Study of the Quasi 10‐Day Waves in the MLT Region During the 2018 February SSW by a Meteor Radar Chain
Authors: Luo Jiahui , Gong Yun , Ma Zheng , Zhang Shaodong , Zhou Qihou , Huang Chunming , Huang Kaiming , Yu You , Li Guozhu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe present a study of the quasi 10‐day waves (Q10DWs) in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) during a sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event in February 2018 based on three meteor radars located at Mohe (MH, 53.5°N, 122.3°E), Beijing (BJ, 40.3°N, 116.2°E), and Wuhan (WH, 30.5°N, 116.6°E). The enhanced Q10DWs are observed in the meridional component at MH and in the zonal component at BJ and WH. In the meridional component, the monthly mean Q10DW amplitudes in February 2018 are greater than 10 m/s at MH but weaker than ∼7 m/s at BJ and WH. In the zonal component, monthly mean Q10DWs amplitudes are ∼15 m/s at BJ and WH but only 9 m/s at MH. These latitudinal differences of the Q10DWs in the MLT region are very likely due to the Q10DW activity in the lower atmosphere and the mean background winds. The strong southward winds might bring the wave energy to MH in the meridional component during the occurrence of SSW, while the enhanced Q10DWs in the zonal component at BJ and WH are likely associated with the strong Q10DWs in the lower atmosphere and weakening eastward winds after the central date of the SSW. The significance test indicates that the enhanced Q10DWs in the meridional wind of MH and in the zonal wind of WH are very likely affected by the SSW. In addition, nonlinear interactions between the Q10DWs and other planetary waves also modulate the variations in the MLT region at BJ during the SSW.