bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the addition of fly ash on the specific methane production and microbial communities in the anaerobic digestion of real winery wastewater
Authors: Lauzurique Yeney , Fermoso Fernando G , Sánchez Nicolás , Castillo Alejandra , Valdés Natalia , Tello Mario , Salazar Ricardo , García Verónica , Huiliñir César 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDFly ash is an important source of trace elements that can act as cofactors of enzyme systems and improve anaerobic digestion processes. However, its effect on anaerobic digestion using real wastewater has not yet been studied. In the present work, the effect of fly ash on the anaerobic digestion of real winery wastewaters was studied, by means of specific methanogenic activity assays and with a special focus on its effect on the specific methane production and the microbial communities present. Five fly ash concentration (25, 50, 75, 100, and 150 mg L−1) were supplemented under mesophilic conditions.RESULTSThe results showed that 25 mg L−1 of fly ash improved the specific methane production by 18% compared to the control assay; meanwhile, a concentration of 100 mg L−1 of fly ash generated inhibition of the methanogenesis and a 20% specific methane production decrease with respect to the control experiment. The microbial community analysis verified that fly ash supplementation affected the bacterial communities, with a significant effect on acetogenic bacteria, such as Cloacimonetes and Firmicutes.CONCLUSIONThe addition of adequate concentrations of fly ash to the process can raise the relative abundance of some microorganisms and, consequently, could increase the specific methane production in the anaerobic digestion of winery wastewater. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Perspective of students in the Global Citizenship in Dentistry as an international peer learning experience
Authors: Yiu Francis S. Y. , Yu Ollie Y. , Wong Amy W. Y. , Chu Chun‐Hung 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the achievement and perception of dental students in an international peer learning setting via the Global Citizenship in Dentistry (GCD) program.MethodsIn the GCD program, year‐2 dental students from universities in Egypt, Hong Kong, Malaysia, UK, and the United States developed a portfolio of a restorative procedure in simulation laboratory and uploaded to an online platform (https://gcd.hku.hk/). Through the platform, the students left comments on each other's portfolios to share and discuss their knowledge and experiences on restorative dentistry. This study invited students from Hong Kong in 2018–2019 to complete an open‐ended questionnaire to explore their experience on the GCD program. The feedback was compiled and analyzed.ResultsAll 71 year‐2 students completed the questionnaire. Their most dominant comments were positive feelings about learning different clinical principles and methods from universities abroad. The students also enjoyed the cultural exchange from the comfort of their own devices. Other recurrent comments included the improvement of the skills of communication and comments on the peers’ work in a professional manner. The students were enthusiastic about being able to apply their critical thinking in evaluating their work. They shared their learning barriers, including the extra time needed for the program, some unenthusiastic responses from groupmates, and delayed replies from peers. They made suggestions to remove the barriers in the learning process of the GCD program.ConclusionStudents generally welcomed the GCD program and benefitted from the global academic exchange, development of critical thinking, enhancing professional communication skills, as well as opportunities of cultural exchange.
Evaluation of curved root canals filled with a new bioceramic sealer: A microcomputed tomographic study using images with different voxel sizes and segmentation methods
Authors: Pinto Jader Camilo , Torres Fernanda Ferrari Esteves , Lucas‐Oliveira Everton , Bonagamba Tito Jose , Guerreiro‐Tanomaru Juliane Maria , Tanomaru‐Filho Mario 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the filling ability of a new premixed bioceramic sealer in comparison with an epoxy resin‐based sealer in curved root canals using different segmentation methods and voxel sizes in micro‐CT images. Twelve curved mesial roots of mandibular molars with two separated canals were selected. All root canals were prepared by using HyFlex EDM files size 25/.08 and filled by the single cone technique and Bio‐C Sealer or AH Plus (n = 12). The samples were scanned by micro‐CT at 5 μm. The images were analyzed at 5, 10, and 20 μm for the volumetric analysis of voids in filling. Visual image segmentation was performed by two examiners, and the automatic segmentation was accomplished for comparison. Radiopacity of the sealers was evaluated by radiographic analysis. Data were submitted to the two‐way ANOVA and non‐paired t tests at a significance level of 5%. AH Plus had the highest radiopacity (p < .05). Root canals filled with AH Plus or Bio‐C had similar low percentage of voids (p > .05). There was no difference interobserver, which had similar results to those obtained with automatic segmentation for all voxel sizes evaluated (p > .05). Bio‐C Sealer had appropriate filling ability. Visual and automatic segmentation can be applied to micro‐CT images with voxel sizes from 5 to 20 μm to evaluate the filling of sealers with adequate radiopacity. Automatic segmentation should be used as a faster method.
C‐reactive protein predicts the development of walled‐off necrosis in patients with severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Fujiwara Junichi , Matsumoto Satohiro , Sekine Masanari , Mashima Hirosato 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and AimWalled‐off necrosis (WON) is reported to occur in 1–9% of patients with acute pancreatitis. However, the factors associated with the onset of this condition have not been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the potential predictive factors for WON in patients diagnosed with severe acute pancreatitis at our hospital.MethodsThis study included 26 patients with severe acute pancreatitis identified among the 211 patients with acute pancreatitis admitted to our hospital between January 2014 and December 2018. Patients with and without WON (WON and non‐WON groups, respectively) were compared to identify potential factors involved in the onset of this condition.ResultsThe 26 patients had a median age of 67 years, and 65% were male. WON occurred in 15 patients (57.7%). In a univariate analysis, the WON and non‐WON groups differed significantly in terms of maximum C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels (median) (322.7 mg/L vs 163.8 mg/L [P = 0.001]). In a multivariate analysis, a significant association was identified between the maximum CRP level and the onset of WON (odds ratio: 1.20, 95% confidence interval: 1.05–1.37). The CRP level peaked within 3 days in 88%.ConclusionThe maximum CRP level was identified as a predictive factor for the onset of WON, and a high proportion of patients with WON exhibited elevated CRP levels within 3 days after diagnosis. This work suggests the clinical importance of continuous monitoring at an early stage after diagnosis to identify the maximum CRP level.
The effect of an isoquinoline alkaloid on treatment of periodontitis by regulating the neutrophils chemotaxis
Authors: Liu Yitong , Xia Huan , Xia Guiyang , Lin Sheng , Guo Lijia , Liu Yi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNeutrophil plays a critical role in the progression of periodontitis. In general, its chemotaxis and activation are benefit for the host defense of bacterial infection and inflammation. However, previous studies have reported that the hyperactive and reactive neutrophils appear to be one of the reasons for tissue destruction in periodontitis tissues. In this study, we investigated an isoquinoline alkaloid Litcubanine A (LA), which from the Traditional Chinese medicinal plant, Litsea cubeba. We found LA showed significant activity in inhibiting neutrophils chemotaxis in the zebrafish yolk sac microinjection model in vivo and in mouse neutrophils in vitro. Further investigation proved that LA could inhibit the expression levels of neutrophil respiratory burst-related and inflammation-related genes CYBB and NCF2, as well as inhibit the activation of MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, using LA, we successfully achieved the effect of reducing periodontitis bone loss by regulating neutrophil chemotaxis and related functions in a mouse ligature-induced periodontitis model.
Phylogenomics reveals multiple introductions and early spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 into Peru
Authors: Juscamayta‐López Eduardo , Carhuaricra Dennis , Tarazona David , Valdivia Faviola , Rojas Nancy , Maturrano Lenin , Gavilán Ronnie 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPeru has become one of the countries with the highest mortality rates from the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). To investigate early transmission events and the genomic diversity of SARS‐CoV‐2 isolates circulating in Peru in the early COVID‐19 pandemic, we analyzed 3472 viral genomes, of which 149 were from Peru. Phylogenomic analysis revealed multiple and independent introductions of the virus likely from Europe and Asia and a high diversity of genetic lineages circulating in Peru. In addition, we found evidence for community‐driven transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 as suggested by clusters of related viruses found in patients living in different regions of Peru.
Long‐term effects of stress resilience: Hippocampal neuroinflammation and behavioral approach in male rats
Authors: Bravo‐Tobar Iván D. , Fernández Paola , Sáez Juan C. , Dagnino‐Subiabre Alexies 
Published: June 2021

AbstractResilience to stress is the ability to quickly adapt to adversity. There is evidence that exposure to prolonged stress triggers neuroinflammation what produces individual differences in stress vulnerability. However, the relationship between stress resilience, neuroinflammation, and depressive‐like behaviors remains unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze the long‐term effects of social defeat stress (SDS) on neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and depressive‐like behaviors. Male rats were subjected to the SDS paradigm. Social interaction was analyzed 1 and 2 weeks after ending the SDS to determine which animals were susceptible or resilient to stress. Neuroinflammation markers glial fibrillary acidic protein, ionized calcium‐binding adaptor molecule 1, and elevated membrane permeability in astrocytes and microglia, as well as depressive‐like behaviors in the sucrose preference test and forced swim test were evaluated in all rats. One week after SDS, resilient rats increased their sucrose preference, and time spent in the floating behavior decreased in the forced swim test compared to susceptible rats. Surprisingly, resilient rats became susceptible to stress, and presented neuroinflammation 2 weeks after SDS. These findings suggest that SDS‐induced hippocampal neuroinflammation persists in post‐stress stages, regardless of whether rats were initially resilient or not. Our study opens a new approach to understanding the neurobiology of stress resilience.
Blessing or curse: The moderating role of political skill in the relationship between servant leadership, voice, and voice endorsement
Authors: Liao Chenwei , Liden Robert C. , Liu Yan , Wu Junfeng 
Published: June 2021

SummaryDrawing on social exchange theory and social‐political theory of influence, we hypothesize that followers reciprocate servant leadership by engaging in voice behavior. Further, we propose that promotive and prohibitive forms of voice are differentially endorsed by leaders and that follower political skill is pivotal in the social influence process of converting the two types of voice to managerial endorsement. To test our hypothesized model, we collected three‐wave, multi‐source data from 308 architects and their leaders from a large architecture firm in China. Our results confirmed that servant leadership was positively related to both follower promotive and prohibitive voice. Moreover, regarding the moderating role of follower political skill, we found that the relationship between servant leadership, promotive voice, and voice endorsement was positive when follower political skill was high, while it was not significant for followers with low political skill. In contrast, the relationship between servant leadership, prohibitive voice, and voice endorsement was positive under the low political skill condition, while it was negative when follower political skill was high. Our results suggest a divergent role of political skill in converting different types of voice to managerial endorsement.
Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein responses to a mechanical stimulus associate with ambulatory loading in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Erhart‐Hledik Jennifer C. , Titchenal Matthew R. , Migliore Eleonora , Asay Jessica L. , Andriacchi Thomas P. , Chu Constance R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMechanical factors have been implicated in the development of osteoarthritis after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. This study tested for associations between ambulatory joint loading (total joint moment [TJM] and vertical ground reaction force [vGRF]) and changes in serum levels of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) in response to a mechanical stimulus (30‐min walk) in individuals with ACL reconstruction. Twenty‐five subjects (mean age: 34.5 ± 9.8 years; 2.2 ± 0.2 years post‐surgery) with primary unilateral ACL reconstruction underwent gait analysis for assessment of peak vGRF and TJM first (TJM1) and second (TJM2) peaks. Serum COMP concentrations were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay immediately before, 3.5 h, and 5.5 h after a 30‐min walk. Pearson correlation coefficients and backward stepwise multiple linear regression analysis, with adjustments for age, sex, body mass index, and between‐limb speed difference, assessed associations between changes in COMP and between‐limb differences in joint loading parameters. Greater TJM1 (R = 0.542, p = 0.005), TJM2 (R = 0.460, p = 0.021), and vGRF (R = 0.577, p = 0.003) in the ACL‐reconstructed limb as compared to the contralateral limb were associated with higher COMP values 3.5 h following the 30‐min walk. Change in COMP at 5.5 h became a significant predictor of the between‐limb difference in TJM1 and vGRF in multivariate analyses after accounting for the between‐limb speed difference. These results demonstrate that higher TJM and vGRF in the ACLR limb as compared to the contralateral limb are associated with higher relative COMP levels 3.5 and 5.5 h after a 30‐min walk. Future work should investigate the effect of therapies to alter joint loading on the biological response in individuals after ACL reconstruction.
Relationship of superoxide dismutase to rotator cuff injury/tear in a rat model
Authors: Uehara Hirohisa , Itoigawa Yoshiaki , Wada Tomoki , Morikawa Daichi , Koga Akihisa , Nojiri Hidetoshi , Kawasaki Takayuki , Maruyama Yuichiro , Ishijima Muneaki 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRotator cuff degeneration is one of the several factors that lead to rotator cuff tears. Oxidative stress and superoxide dismutase have been reported to be related to rotator cuff degeneration; however, the precise mechanism still remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the relationship of oxidative stress and superoxide dismutase to the degeneration of the rotator cuff using rat models. Eighty‐four rats were used to create a collagenase‐induced rotator cuff injury model (injury model) and a rotator cuff tear model (tear model). The controls were administered saline and had only a deltoid incision, respectively. We evaluated degeneration morphology of the rotator cuff using a degeneration score; dihydroethidium fluorescence intensity, which detects oxidative stress; gene expression; and superoxide dismutase activity. The rotator cuffs in the injury and tear models significantly increased degeneration scores and dihydroethidium fluorescence intensity. On the other hand, gene expression of superoxide dismutase isoform, superoxide dismutase 1, and superoxide dismutase activity were significantly decreased in the injury model but showed no significant difference in the tear model. These findings suggested that superoxide dismutase might not be associated with rotator cuff degeneration after tear but may be involved in degenerative rotator cuff without tear. However, we found that rotator cuff degeneration involves oxidative stress both with and without tear. Based on these findings, it is presumed that different treatments may be appropriate, depending on the state of rotator cuff degeneration, because the mechanisms of the degeneration may be different.
Nanotechnology: recent advances in viticulture and enology
Authors: Garde‐Cerdán Teresa , Souza‐da Costa Bianca , Rubio‐Bretón Pilar , Pérez‐Álvarez Eva P 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNowadays, nanoscience is a leading modern science that has a major impact on the food, pharmaceutical, and agriculture sectors. Several nanomaterials show a great potential for use during vine growing and winemaking processes. In viticulture, nanotechnology can be applied to protect vines against phytopathogens and to improve grape yield and quality. Thus, nanotechnology may allow the use of lesser amounts of phytochemical compounds, reducing environmental impact and promoting a more sustainable agriculture. And in winemaking, nanomaterials and nanodevices can be used to control the growth of spoilage microorganisms and to reduce or remove undesirable compounds, such as ethyl phenols (4‐ethylphenol and 4‐ethylguaiacol), biogenic amines, and tartaric acid, and so on, as well as to facilitate some technological processes (i.e. in wine filtration to eliminate microorganisms). This review summarizes recent studies with applications of nanotechnology in viticulture in order to facilitate agronomic management and optimize grape production and in enology to improve wine quality and safety. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Analytical research on the separation and residue of chiral pesticide triadimenol in fruit and vegetable puree
Authors: Zhang Wen‐Hua , Xie Wen , Hou Jian‐Bo , Hu Xiao‐Li , Wang Peng , Zhang Ya‐Qin , Xu Dun‐Ming 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a method for the separation of triadimenol stereoisomers using ultra‐performance convergence chromatography and an analytical method for the determination of triadimenol stereoisomer residues in pumpkin puree, apple puree, and tomato puree as a supplement for infants are established. Test samples were extracted with acetonitrile and successively purified with graphitized carbon black and Florisil column. Afterward, Acquity Trefoil AMY1 column was adopted for chiral separation of chromatographic column, and gradient elute was carried out with supercritical carbon dioxide‐methanol as the mobile phase and with external standard method for quantitation. Results showed that the linearly dependent coefficient of the four kinds of triadimenol stereoisomers within 1.0 and 50 mg/L was greater than 0.9997, and the limit of quantitation of the four kinds of triadimenol stereoisomers was 0.05 mg/kg. Recovery experiment was carried out within 0.05 and 1.0 mg/kg scope, the recoveries were 81.0–107％, and the relative standard deviation was 2.3–7.6%. This method implemented the separation of triadimenol stereoisomers and its residue test in pumpkin puree, apple puree, and tomato puree as a supplement for infants, and it can provide reliable technical support for the analysis of pesticide residue and assessment of product quality.
Second Sets of Tympanostomy Tubes Extrude Sooner
Authors: Molin Nicole , Buchinsky Farrel J. , Isaacson Glenn 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionSome clinicians believe second sets of tympanostomy tubes extrude more quickly than first sets.Study DesignRetrospective case‐control series.MethodsWe identified children who were examined 12 months after placement of their second set of tympanostomy tubes and compared them to a similar number of children who were examined 12 months after their first set of tympanostomy tubes. Extrusion was determined by otoscopy, otomicroscopy, and/or tympanometry.ResultsOne hundred eighteen children had 12‐month follow‐up data available after their first set of tubes, 54 had 12‐month follow‐up data available for their second set, and 56 had 12‐month follow‐up data after their first and second sets. A total of 568 tubes were observed. Looking at each tube, second set tubes were significantly more likely to be extruded at 12 months (48%) compared to first set (28%) (P < .001). Patient age was not associated with extrusion rate. For patients who had 12‐month follow‐up for both their first and second set of tubes, there was no correlation between extrusion of first and second set tubes.ConclusionSecond set tympanostomy tubes are significantly less likely to remain functional 12 months after placement than first sets, independent of patient age at placement and independent of whether the child's first tubes extruded by 12 months. Given the short duration of second tube function, delaying second set placement until the fall might be a better choice for some children.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:222–224, 2022
Grateful compliance: Gratitude effects on willingness to comply with responsible drinking messages
Authors: Septianto Felix , Garg Nitika 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIndividuals have a tendency to push back against threats and impositions from others that impinge on their perceived freedom. This issue is prevalent among issues with directive messages especially those in social marketing, such as responsible drinking messages. The current research investigates the potential role of gratitude in increasing individuals' willingness to comply with a responsible drinking message. Across four experimental studies, the present research shows that gratitude, as compared with pride and a neutral condition, is more effective in increasing the willingness to comply with the message. Specifically, our research demonstrates that gratitude reduces the psychological reactance evoked by the responsible drinking message, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of the message. The findings of this study can benefit social marketers and policymakers by highlighting the potential benefits of positive emotions to promote well‐being behaviors.