bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulational Instability of Fast Sausage Mode as One of the Possible Mechanisms for Quasiperiodic Pulsations during Solar Flares
Authors: Yelagandula Naga Varun 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Quasiperiodic pulsations (QPPs) are frequently observed in the entire range of the electromagnetic spectrum during solar flares, and there can be many possible mechanisms leading to this phenomenon. In the present work, we demonstrate the possibility of the generation of QPPs by a nonlinear fast sausage mode in a coronal loop. The coronal loop itself is represented by an infinitely long homogenous magnetic flux tube, which in many cases is a good approximation, and the nonlinearity of the fast sausage mode is modeled by the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NSE) with a cubic nonlinearity. We have shown that the frequency-renormalized plane wave solution, which happens to be an exact solution of the NSE, transforms into a series of quasiperiodic oscillations (QPOs) due to the so-called modulational instability or the Benjamin–Feir instability. Our numerical solutions show that such QPOs evolve at almost every point above a certain height along the magnetic flux tube, which represents the coronal loop. As the fast sausage mode perturbs the plasma density strongly, the density perturbations caused by the QPOs of the nonlinear fast sausage mode correspondingly modulate the radiation throughout the electromagnetic spectrum, resulting in the emergence of the corresponding QPPs. This mechanism should therefore be able to describe some of the observed QPPs.
Studies of critical heat fluxes in small diameter channels
Authors: Belozerov Vladimir I. 
Published: December 2021

The paper presents the results of experimental studies of critical heat flows in vertical small diameter channels, when the coolant moves from bottom to top, which were carried out in the Obninsk branch of MEPhI in the 1970s of the last century but have not become widespread due to the lack of demand for their practical use. Nowadays, the interest in such works is manifested, first of all, in the development of compact plants and devices, particularly in nuclear power engineering.
As a coolant, water, Freon-12 and 96% ethyl alcohol were used. High velocities of underheated liquid at high heat fluxes on the channel wall lead to the so-called “fast crisis” of heat transfer. In this case, the magnitude of the heat flux depends mainly on the parameters of the coolant flow in the wall zone rather than the flow core. The “slow crisis” is mainly observed at high vapor concentrations, relatively low mass flow rates and in an annular-dispersed flow. The value of the critical heat flow in this case depends mainly on the flow parameters in the core, which are probably close to the average coolant flow parameters. The conditions in the near-wall region are also largely determined by the flow in the core. High heat transfer coefficients in a flow moving at high speed usually result in a much smaller and slower rise in the wall temperature. Sometimes a DNB heat flux can occur bypassing the boiling process. In the core of a VVER-type reactor operating in its nominal mode, surface boiling is present in a number of fuel rods. Probably, surface boiling will also be present in transportable and small-size nuclear power plants. Therefore, an important task is to conduct relevant research in this area.
Study of analgesic activity and effects of new dipharmacophores – nebracetam and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors derivatives on the cognitive abilities of rats
Authors: Slyusarenko Vitaliy S. , Koklin Ivan S. , Kovalenko Sergiy M. , Chuev Vladimir P. , Shabalin Alexey A. , Gureev Vladimir V. , Korokin Mikhail V. 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to research the analgesic activity and effect of new dipharmacophore compounds consisting of substances with proven therapeutic activity, namely nebracetam–ibuprofen (NRIP), nebracetam–dexibuprofen (NRDIP), nebracetam–niflumic acid (NRNFA), and nebracetam–mefenamic acid (NRMFA), on the cognitive abilities of rats.
Materials and methods: The experimental study was performed in 110 Wistar rats (male/female ratio 50/50%), weighing 180–200 g, and 50 laboratory mice (male/female ratio 50/50%) weighing 18–22 g. The study of the analgesic activity was carried out using the acetic acid writhing test and the hot plate test. The effect on the cognitive abilities of rats was studied using the pattern recognition test in a model of neurotrauma caused by a drop-weight.
Results and discussion: It has been shown that the administration of dipharmacophores nebracetam–ibuprofen (NRIP), nebracetam–dexibuprofen (NRDIP), nebracetam–niflumic acid(NRNFA) as well as nebracetam–mefenamic acid (NRMFA) in the tested dosages leads to a statistically significant (p<0.05) analgesic action in acetic acid writhing tests and hot plate tests. At the same time, the analgesic activity of the compounds has been shown to conjoin with a statistically significant influence on cognitive functions in the experimental animal groups after simulating a neurotrauma.
Conclusion: The dipharmacophore compounds studied in the present research, having analgesic and nootropic effects, can be used as effective and safe analgesics and can also be used for the treatment and prevention of pain syndrome, enhancing the cognitive abilities of healthy people in complicated professional conditions.
L’État britannique recomposé par le Brexit
Authors: Le Galès Patrick 
Published: December 2021

À la suite de travaux comparatifs sur l’État en Europe, l’article vise à mettre en évidence, interpréter et parfois expliquer les dynamiques de recomposition de l’État britannique liées au Brexit. Elles se combinent avec une décennie d’austérité sévère et la crise de la Covid-19. Le départ de l’Union européenne (UE) pose des questions existentielles à l’État britannique. L’article vise tout d’abord à montrer les conséquences du Brexit sur l’organisation de l’État, ses institutions, son gouvernement et ses politiques car la sortie de l’UE conduit à une « dé-européanisation » de l’État ou, à tout le moins, à un autre type d’européanisation. Deuxièmement, ce processus conduit à une renationalisation de l’autorité politique, une centralisation anglaise aux dépens des périphéries et du système juridique. Le Brexit met enfin à mal la conception britannique de l’État et ouvre la porte aux entrepreneurs politiques conservateurs qui tentent d’esquisser un autre modèle d’État centralisé, anglais, néolibéral et globalisé.
L’apprentissage informel : une prise de conscience nécessaire ?
Authors: Rousseau Alexandre , Bertholet Jean-François , Gaudet Marie-Claude 
Published: December 2021

Bien avant la pandémie de COVID-19, les experts du travail insistaient déjà sur l’importance du développement en continu des compétences des travailleurs afin d’assurer le succès et la compétitivité des organisations. Or, l’accélération de la révolution numérique a précipité la transformation des emplois, ce qui nous mène à un constat brutal : le monde du travail traverse actuellement une crise des compétences sans précédent.
Accuracy of IOL Power Calculation Formulas for Quadrifocal Acrysof IQ PanOptix TFNT Implantation in Patients With Previous Corneal Refractive Surgery: Comparison of SS-OCT–Based Biometers
Authors: Choi Jung Yeol , Choi Ayoung , Kwon Hyunggoo , Jeon Sohee 
Published: December 2021

PURPOSE:
To evaluate the accuracy of intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation formulas from two biometers using swept-source optical coherence tomography for quadrifocal Acrysof IQ Panoptix TFNT IOL (Alcon Laboratories, Inc) implantation in patients with visually significant cataract with previous corneal refractive surgery.

METHODS:
This retrospective study comprised 50 eyes from 50 patients with a history of corneal refractive surgery and TFNT IOL implantation. Candidate formulas were Shammas-PL and Barrett True-K in the Argos (Movu, Inc), Barret True-K and Haigis-L in the IOLMaster 700 (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG), and Haigis using the total keratometry (TK) mode in the IOLMaster 700. The main outcome measure was the mean absolute error (MAE) detected at postoperative 6 months. The refractive accuracy was also evaluated as number and percentage of eyes within ±0.25, ±0.50, and ±0.75 diopters (D) of the prediction error.

RESULTS:

The uncorrected distance and near visual acuity were 0.32 ± 0.34 and 0.46 ± 0.20 logMAR at baseline, and significantly improved to 0.04 ± 0.07 and 0.03 ± 0.06 logMAR at postoperative 6 months (
P
< .001 for all analysis) with a mean spherical equivalent of −0.20 ± 0.39 D. The MAE was smallest for the Barrett True-K formula in the IOLMaster 700 (0.36 ± 0.26 D) and largest for the Shammas-PL formula in the Argos (0.59 ± 0.37 D). The Barrett True-K formula from both devices showed that 90% of eyes were within ±0.75 D of MAE.

CONCLUSIONS:
The visual and refractive outcomes of TFNT IOL implantation in patients with previous corneal refractive surgery were favorable. The Barrett True-K formula in the IOLMaster 700 showed the best refractive outcome for TFNT IOL implantation.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2021;37(11):836–841.]
Les subalternes de l’asile : Pourquoi certains récits sont inaudibles
Authors: Gatelier Karine 
Published: December 2021

A partir de l’expérience d’accompagnement de personnes en demande d’asile, particulièrement de la préparation à l’entretien à l’OFPRA, cet article cherche à comprendre pourquoi certains récits restent inaudibles. En plus des constats déjà établis que le récit de l’asile est contraint et empêché par de nombreux obstacles, je montre qu’un corpus de savoir est constitué en amont de la formation du récit de l’asile et parle avant et à sa place. Celui-ci représente une violence épistémique qui dépossède certaines personnes en demande d’asile de leur parole et en fait des subalternes ne pouvant être entendus. L’existence d’une violence épistémique doit questionner nos pratiques de recherche : en effet, la formation d’un savoir hégémonique met les chercheur·es en position de surplomb qui en plus de reproduire les rapports de domination dans les enquêtes conduites, et donc l’ordre établi, pose des biais dans la perception des réalités sociales.
Maternal risk factors for ''adverse neonatal outcome” after term deliveries in Sri Lanka
Authors: Gunawardane D. A. , Dharmaratne S. D. , Rowel D. S. 
Published: December 2021

Background: Even though forty to seventy percent of neonatal mortality are recorded among term neonates, information on neonatal outcomes of term neonates is scarce. The high volume of term neonatal admissions to neonatal care units(NCU)signifies the importance of studying the maternal risk factors for such neonatal outcomes. Objectives:The present study aims to identify the maternal risk factors for' “adverse neonatal outcome'' (ANO) following term deliveries at Teaching Hospital Kandy. Methods:An unmatched case-control study was nested within a descriptive follow-up study. A sample of 1105 neonates, delivered at termat Teaching Hospital Kandy, was followed up until their initial discharge point. Results:Multivariate analysis, found that caesarean section with labour increases the risk of ANOamong term neonates by 3.37 ( CI- 2.13-5.33) times compared to normal vaginal delivery. Further, 37 completed weeks of Period of Amenorrhea (POA) (OR-2.91,1.57-5.42), Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) (OR-2.46, CI- 1.27-4.75), Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) (OR-2.33, CI- 1.0-5.15), primiparity (OR-1.53, CI- 1.02-2.30) and maternal occupation as professionals (OR-3.45, CI- 1.46-8.13) was identified as independent risk factors of ANO among term neonates. Conclusions: Caesarean section with labour, 37 completed weeks of POA, PIH, GDM, primiparity and maternal occupation as professional are independent risk factors for ANOin term neonates.
Antibiotic prescribing patterns in Emergency Department at Regional Hospital in South Africa
Authors: Almansoori Nahyan , Parag Nivisha 
Published: December 2021

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern. The Emergency department (ED) is the community gate for healthcare where antibiotics are often prescribed. However, there is a paucity of data regarding antibiotic prescriptionpractices in Africa.
Objectives: To describe the use of antibiotics in an ED and level of prescribing adherence to national guidelines.
Methods: Retrospective observational study of antibiotic practice in ED. All patients who presented to ED during the study period and were prescribed an anti-microbial agent were included. Data on demographics, working diagnosis, anti-microbialprescribed, dose, route and prescriber level were used to provide descriptive statistics of these parameters.
Results: We identified 195 (13.4%) patients who received anti-microbial therapy among 1454 charts reviewed. The mean age was 34.8 with male predominance. The most common indication identified was abscess in 37 (30.8%) patients and in general surgical conditions had the highest rate of antimicrobials prescribed at 54.3%. In addition, co-amoxiclav was the most commonly prescribed anti-microbial (72.15%). We found that combination therapy was not common practice in ED, with majority of the patients having received single anti-microbial therapy (87.18%). The appropriateness of antimicrobial prescriptions was (46.2%) and not statistically significant (P = 0.654).
Conclusion: The most commonly prescribed anti-microbial was co amoxiclav and the most common indication was abscess. It was found that antibiotic prescription appropriateness was acceptable when compared to studies conducted in developedcountries. However, further research within other hospital departments will add to the study to determine the adherence as an institution rather than the Emergency department alone, as antimicrobial resistance is a major global healthcare problemand impacts patient care throughout the care pathway.
Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance; antibiotic stewardship; emergency department.
Early neonatal respiratory distress revealing meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 17F: a case report
Authors: Nzoyikorera Néhémie , Lehlimi Mouna , Diawara Idrissa , Zerouali Khalid , Alami Raja , Katfy Khalid , Maaloum Fakhreddine , Chemsia Mounir , Habzi Abderahim , Benomar Said , Elmdaghri Naima 
Published: December 2021

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is the first leading cause of invasive diseases such as meningitis, bacteremia and pneumoniae in children. In this case we report an early neonatal respiratory distress revealing meningitis caused byS. pneumoniae Serotype 17F through vertical transmission, in the newborn of 3 hours of live.
Case description: A male late preterm newborn was born by vaginal delivery at a gestational age of 34 weeks. At 3 hours of life, he was admitted for early moderate neonatal respiratory distress in the Neonatal Medicine and Resuscitation Service.Cerebrospinal fluid culture yielded S. pneumoniae belonging to serotype 17F while the blood culture was negative. The same pneumococcal serotype was recovered from the high vaginal swab of the mother. Both isolates were found susceptible to all tested antibiotics except tetracycline and chloramphenicol to which the strain was resistant. Antibiotherapy management of the child included ceftriaxone at 150mg/kg/day for 21 days, in combination with gentamycin at 5 mg/kg/day for 5 days. ciprofloxacin was added at 40mg/kg/day in two doses for a period of three weeks as the baby presented a hydrocephalus.
Conclusion: This finding shows that clinical manifestations of neonatal pneumococcal meningitis may be atypical and/or misleading.
Keywords: Streptococcus pneumoniae; neonatal meningitis; respiratory distress.
Molecular characterization of high-risk humanpapillomavirus genotypes in women with or without cervical lesions at VIA/VILI in Kara, Togo
Authors: Dolou Essolakina Dolou , Kuassi-Kpede Akouélé , M Zohoncon Theodora , Marie Traore Ina , Katawa Gnatoulma , R Ouedraogo Alice , Mah Traore Esther , Bado Prosper , T Ouedraogo Clarisse , Djigma Florencia , Aboubakari Abdoul-Samadou , Damintoti Karou Simplice , Simpore Jacques 
Published: December 2021

Background: Persistent infection with high-risk (HR) papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes plays a central role in the pathogenesis of invasive cervical cancer.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of HR-HPV among women with or without cervical lesions at VIA/VILI in Togo.
Methods: Cervical samples were collected from 238 women with or without cervical lesions at VIA / VILI and[c3] DNA [c4]was extracted and analyzed by real-time multiplex PCR. Logistic regression analysis was used to determined risk factors associated with HPV infection. inPietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA / LABIOGENE) in Burkina Faso.
Results: The age of the women ranged from 17 to 61 years old, and most were married (73.5%). The prevalence of HRHPV was 35.71% and this was higher in the age range 35-39 years. The six most common genotypes were HPV 31 (18.7%), HPV 52 (13.82%), HPV 68 (13.01%), HPV 66 (9.76%), HPV 58 (8.13%) and HPV 56 (8.13%). Genotypes HPV 18 (4.07%)and HPV 16 (0.81%) were less frequent.[c5] Married or living with a partner was associated with HPV infection ( OR=2,17, IC [1.20-3.91], p<0,009).
Conclusion: This study allowed characterizing for the first time in Togo, HR-HPV genotypes. This will help mappingHR-HPV genotypes circulating in West Africa.
Keywords: Human papillomavirus; High-risk; Genotyping; Kara; Togo.
A scope review on the global impact of COVID-19 lockdown on adolescents’ health
Authors: Ilesanmi Olayinka , Afolabi Aanuoluwapo , Kwaghe Ayi 
Published: December 2021

Background: The implementation of COVID-19 lockdown measures across the globe could affect adolescents’ health.
Objective: This review was conducted to assess the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the health of the adolescents.
Methodology: We conducted this study using the scope reviews methodological framework. We searched for articles on the effects of COVID-19 lockdown among adolescents on four databases; MedLine, PubMed, Directory of Open Access Journals and Google Scholar. Screening of articles was done for relevance to the study objective.
Results: The positive effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on adolescents included increased physical activity for adolescents 17 years and below, increased resource mobilization for healthy lifestyle, and psychosocial support programs for schools. The negative effects of the lockdown period were decreased physical activity with resulting disruptive sleep patterns; increased screen time, behavioral addictive disorder from excessive use of the internet, increased levels of domestic abuse,and worsening of existing mental health disorders. Overall, the COVID-19 lockdown period has had considerable adverseeffects on adolescents’ health.
Conclusion: To curb the negative effects of the COVID-19 lockdown, we recommend parental supervision of adolescents’ screen time. Adolescent health should be prioritized by policymakers to ensure that future lockdown does not adversely affect them.
Keywords: Adolescent health; Coronavirus; COVID-19 lockdown.
What are the key leadership competencies required by medical school deans in Uganda? A qualitative cross-sectional study
Authors: Kyamanywa Patrick , Redding Peter 
Published: December 2021

Background: Effective leadership is vital for organizational growth and sustainability. Globally, medical schools are faced with leadership challenges due to the pace of globalization, technological advances, reduced funding and changed funding cycles, increasing student enrolment, demands of accreditation, academic collaboration, innovations and research. This makes identification and selection for the right leadership competencies a priority.Objectives: To investigate the key leadership competencies required by deans of medical schools in Uganda.Method: A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with the current deans and purposively selected former deans of medical schools in Uganda was conducted between March and June, 2020. We analysed the data using Grounded theory.Results: Thirteen (13) deans (9 of the 12 current deans and 4 former deans) participated in the study. We established ten (10) key roles of a dean of a medical school categorised as academic leadership, administrative leadership and professional leadership. Eleven (11) key competencies were identified as necessary for effective leadership of medical schools in Uganda, and categorized as personality-related competencies, organizational management competencies and medical/health expertise.Conclusions: A dean of a medical school in Uganda should possess a combination of personality, medical expertise, health professions training and organizational management competencies and have training in leadership, financial and resources management.
Keywords: Competencies; effective leadership; medical schools; Dean.
Semiotic Interpretation of the Traffic Light System: A Way to Influence Road Accidents
Authors: Osnaya Santiago 
Published: December 2021

This work is part of a larger research that involves the science of semiotics in order to study road infrastructure (road devices) in road crossings, using the theoretical contributions of Ferdinand de Saussure, Umberto Eco and Charles Sanders Peirce, with the purpose to support the safe mobility of citizens. Pedestrians use the roads for work, study, recreation, and other activities of daily living providing a harmonious and safe way for people to move either on foot, by car, bicycle, public or private transport services. One of these road devices is the traffic light system used to control road traffic at an intersection or road junction. This system's optimal and safe operation is related to the infrastructure of the urban space, which results in safe or unsafe mobility for pedestrians. In this sense, the semiotic interpretation of the state transition diagram for a traffic light system (green-amber-red / red-amber-green light change) is being proposed to recognize whether the road may be a dangerous place for users. The research aims to propose an improvement in pedestrians' conditions to reduce traffic accidents in the most conflictive and dangerous road intersections. These places were determined by the Secretaría de Salud (2012) and disclosed in its Second Report on the Situation of Road Safety in Mexico City.

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ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ЖМЫХА
МОРКОВИ И РИСОВОЙ МУКИ В ТЕХНОЛОГИИ МУЧНЫХ
КОНДИТЕРСКИХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ ТИПА «КРЕКЕРЫ»
Authors: Нечушкина А.Д. , Альшевская М.Н. 
Published: December 2021

Мучные кондитерские изделия играют большую роль в питании современного
человека. По причине высокого содержания в них углеводов мучные кондитерские изделия
являются высококалорийными, но при этом хорошо усваиваются организмом человека. В
связи с этим актуальны исследования по улучшению рецептур изделий данного вида,
которые приведут к повышению их пищевой ценности. В статье обоснована актуальность
использования жмыха моркови и рисовой муки в рецептуре мучного кондитерского изделия
типа «крекеры». Приведен литературный обзор. Исследовано влияние жмыха моркови на
подъемную силу дрожжей. Исследовано изменение технологических свойств муки при
частичной замене пшеничной муки на рисовую. Работа выполнена в Калининградском
государственном техническом университете.