bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural evolution mechanisms of the IDH mutant glioma revealed by multi-omics sequencing of a long-term survivor
Authors: Wang Long , Zhao Feilong , Li Xuegang , Chen Tunan , Feng Hua , Ma Tonghui , Li Fei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose Low-grade gliomas(LGG) almost invariably progress into secondary glioblastoma with limited therapeutic options. The currently proposed progression mechanisms were mainly based on treatment intervened patients, seldom is known about the mechanisms under natural evolution.Methods A high-grade glioblastoma (G4) occurred at the posterior of the primary LGG (G2) of a 67-year-old woman carried the glioma for eight years without any serious treatment. Tumor samples and peripheral blood of the patients were collected and subjected to integrated genomic analyses, including whole-exome sequencing, gene expression and DNA methylation profiling.Results The center and edge of the tumor were diagnosed as LGG and GBM, respectively. They shared the same trunk mutations including IDH, TP53, and ATRX. They both have mixing cell origins and they have a highly correlated methylation level at the probe level. CIC, BRCA2, and RPA4 mutation which occurred only in G4 with mutant allele frequency(MAF) higher than 15% may contribute to evolution. NAF1 of which the MAF increased by 70% and the mutant RNA reads nearly doubled in G4 may also involve in the evolution. In the pathway level, the MSP-RON pathway was strongly up-regulated in G4. Concomitant with the tumor evolution, we discovered enhanced inflammatory signals represented by the up-regulation of the NF-κB pathway and the recruitment of mast cell, of which the absolute cell proportion increased from 3.9% to 6.9%. Contradictorily, the adaptive immune response was suppressed as we found pathways associated with IL17, dendritic cells, and cytotoxic T cells were down-regulated and the infiltration level of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were both decreased. As for the TCR profile, only about 2% of blood clonotypes were detected in the tumor microenvironment. Nevertheless, two clonotypes were found significantly expanded. Clone frequencies of them were 38% and 19% in G2, respectively. And these were 24% and 11% in G4, respectively.Conclusion. Mutation of CIC, BRCA2, RPA4, and NAF1 and activation of the MSP-RON pathway could promote glioma evolution under natural conditions. Increased inflammatory response and decreased adaptive immune response may also contribute to the process. Besides, two highly expanded TCR clonotypes discovered in this case may serve as a potential adoptive cell therapy source in glioma.
Simple Bayesian Gene Network Learning in Populus Draught Transcriptome Data
Authors: Yaghuti Amir Almasi Zadeh , Movahedi Ali , Wei Hui , Sun Weibo , Mousavi Mohaddeseh , Zhuge Qiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Populus is not only important for wood-based products, such as paper and timber, but also for metabolic-based production, for instance, bioethanol and biofuels. Constructing a sensibly functional gene interaction network is highly appealing to better understand system-level biological processes governing various Populus traits. Bayesian network learning provides an elegant and compact statistical approach for modeling causal gene-gene relationships in microarray data. Therefore, it could come with the illumination of functional molecular playing in Biology Systems. In this study, different forms of gene Bayesian networks were learned on Populus cellular transcriptome data. We addressed that Markov blankets, separating genes external to a regulatory Bayesian network from its internal genes, would likely be emerging at every possible gene regulatory Bayesian network level. The results have also shown that PtpAffx.1257.4.S1_a_at,1.0 hypothetical protein is the most important in its possible regulatory program. This paper illustrates that the gene network regulatory inference is possible to encapsulate within a single BN model. Therefore, such a BN model can serve as a promising training tool for Populus gene expression data to better prepare future experimental scenarios.
Demand-Driven Spreading Patterns of African Swine Fever in China
Authors: Yang Jiannan , Tang Kaichen , Cao Zhidong , Pfeiffer Dirk , Zhao Kang , Zhang Qingpeng , Zeng Daniel Dajun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
African Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly contagious hemorrhagic viral disease of domestic and wild pigs. ASF has led to huge economic loss and social impact worldwide. The biological mechanism of ASF’s infections is still not fully understood, and the lack of preventative options at the individual level further complicates this major global health challenge. In this paper, we propose a novel method to model the spread of ASF in China by integrating the data of pork import/export, transportation networks, and port distribution centers. We first empirically analyze the overall patterns of ASF spread and performs extensive experiments to evaluate the efficacy of a number of distance measures. These empirical analyses show that the arrival of ASF is not purely based on the geographic distance from existing infected regions. The pork supply-demand patterns have clearly influenced the spread of ASF, which cannot be well explained by conventional geographical distance and the recent effective distance methods. Predictions based on the new distance measure achieve better performance in predicting the disease spreading among Chinese provinces and thus have the potential to enable more proactive and accurate deployment of interventions.
The construction and analysis of repeated measurement designs (RMD) using the trial and error method
Authors: Mir Shakeel A. , Shah Immad A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Repeated measurement designs prove broadly applicable in almost all branches of biosciences, including agriculture, animal husbandry, botany, zoology. Unbiased estimators for elementary contrasts among direct and residual effects are obtainable in this class of designs, which is considered their important property. In this paper, an attempt was made to provide a new method of overcoming a drawback in the construction method developed by Afsarinejad (1983), where one or more treatments may occur more than once in certain sequences causing the constructed designs to no longer remain uniform in the examined periods. Nine designs were constructed and presented jointly with their corresponding mathematical analyses.
Bankruptcy prediction of small- and medium-sized enterprises in Poland based on the LDA and SVM methods
Authors: Ptak-Chmielewska Aneta 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The impact the last financial crisis had on the small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) sector varied across countries, affecting them on different levels and to a different extent. The economic situation in Poland during and after the financial crisis was quite stable compared to other EU member states. SMEs represent one of the most important segments of the economy of every country. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a prediction model which easily adapts to the characteristics of SMEs.
Since the Altman Z-Score model was devised, numerous studies on bankruptcy prediction have been written. Most of them involve the application of traditional methods, including linear discriminant analysis (LDA), logistic regression and probit analysis. However, most recent studies in the area of bankruptcy prediction focus on more advanced methods, such as case-based reasoning, genetic algorithms and neural networks. In this paper, the effectiveness of LDA and SVM predictions were compared. A sample of SMEs was used in the empirical analysis, financial ratios were utilised and non-financial factors were taken account of. The hypothesis assuming that multidimensional discrimination was more effective was verified on the basis of the obtained results.
KUAT TEKAN AKSIAL KOLOM PENDEK TERKEKANG PENAMPANG PERSEGI DIPERKUAT SERAT BAJA
Authors: Sabariman Bambang 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTConfinement in concrete can increase ductility and compressive strength of the column (P0). While the use of steel fibre can also increase the ductility of concrete. In this study, the steel fibres as an additive in concrete short columns confined, and short columns were given concentric axial loads until they reach collapse. The results showed that the use of steel fibres in concrete can increase P0. The compressive strength (P0) of a confined short column without steel fibre was 52.06 ton to 63 ton, while on a short column with steel fibre was 57.68 ton to 69.28 ton. Those indicated that concrete short columns with steel fibres can increase the compressive strength, but in this study, the effect of the Ast (column longitudinal reinforcement area) has not yet. Keywords: Compressive strength, Confined, Short column, Steel fiber.ABSTRAKKekangan pada beton dapat meningkatkan daktilitas dan kuat tekan kolom (P0), sedangkan pemakaian serat baja (steel fiber) juga dapat meningkatkan daktilitas beton. Dalam penelitian ini serat baja sebagai bahan tambah pada beton kolom pendek terkekang, dan kolom pendek dibebani gaya aksial konsentris sampai mencapai runtuh. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pemakaian serat baja pada beton terkekang dapat lebih meningkatkan P0. Kuat tekan P0 pada kolom pendek terkekang tanpa serat baja didapat 52.06 ton sampai dengan 63 ton, sedang pada kolom pendek terkekang memakai serat baja didapat 57.68 ton sampai dengan 69.28 ton. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kolom pendek beton terkekang dan diperkuat serat baja dapat meningkatkan kuat tekan kolom pendek, tetapi dalam penelitian ini kuat tekan kolom pendek belum mengamati pengaruh pemakaian Ast (luas tulangan longitudinal kolom). Kata kunci: Kuat tekan, Pengekangan, Kolom pendek, Serat baja
User Engagement and Clinical Impact of the Manage My Pain App in Patients With Chronic Pain: A Real-World, Multi-site Trial
Authors: Bhatia Anuj , Kara Jamal , Janmohamed Tahir , Prabhu Atul , Lebovic Gerald , Katz Joel , Clarke Hance 
Published: March 2021

Background
Chronic pain imposes a large burden on individuals and society. A patient-centric digital chronic pain management app called Manage My Pain (MMP) can be used to enhance communication between providers and patients and promote self-management.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the real-world engagement of patients in urban and rural settings in Ontario, Canada with the MMP app alongside their standard of care and assess the impact of its usage on clinical outcomes of pain and related mental health.

Methods
A total of 246 participants with chronic pain at a rural and 2 urban pain clinics were recruited into this prospective, open-label, exploratory study that compared the use of MMP, a digital health app for pain that incorporates validated questionnaires and provides patients with summarized reports of their progress in combination with standard care (app group), against data entered on paper-based questionnaires (nonapp group). Participants completed validated questionnaires on anxiety, depression, pain catastrophizing, satisfaction, and daily opioid consumption up to 4.5 months after the initial visit (short-term follow-up) and between 4.5 and 7 months after the initial visit (long-term follow-up). Engagement and clinical outcomes were compared between participants in the two groups.

Results
A total of 73.6% (181/246) of the participants agreed to use the app, with 63.4% (111/175) of them using it for at least one month. Individuals who used the app rated lower anxiety (reduction in Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item questionnaire score by 2.10 points, 95% CI –3.96 to –0.24) at short-term follow-up and had a greater reduction in pain catastrophizing (reduction in Pain Catastrophizing Scale score by 5.23 points, 95% CI –9.55 to –0.91) at long-term follow-up relative to patients with pain who did not engage with the MMP app.

Conclusions
The use of MMP by patients with chronic pain is associated with engagement and improvements in self-reported anxiety and pain catastrophizing. Further research is required to understand factors that impact continued engagement and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic pain.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04762329; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04762329
Hubungan Penggunaan Tas Sekolah dengan Keluhan Nyeri Punggung pada Siswa di SMP Negeri 106 Jakarta
Authors: Erna Sariana  , Ari Sudarsono  
Published: March 2021

ABSTRAK
Jam pelajaran sekolah dan ekstrakurikuler siswa, mempengaruhi beban tas yang dibawa sehingga timbul keluhan nyeri punggung siswa. Batas beban tas punggung yang diperbolehkan adalah 10-15% berat badan. Hal ini membuat peneliti tertarik meneliti hubungan penggunaan tas sekolah dengan keluhan nyeri punggung pada siswa di SMP Negeri 106 Jakarta tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional. Sampel sebanyak 305 orang siswa SMP Negeri 106 Jakarta, dipilih dengan proporsional random sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April – September 2019. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, penimbangan berat badan dan berat tas. Analisis data dengan univariat, bivariat (uji Kai Kuadrat), dan multivariat (uji Regresi Logistik). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keluhan nyeri punggung derajat berat dialami oleh 48,9% siswa. Hasil uji statistik, beberapa variabel yang berhubungan secara signifikan terhadap keluhan nyeri punggung antara lain jenis kelamin, IMT, berat tas, lama membawa tas, dan cara membawa tas. Hasil analisis multivariat, faktor dominan paling tinggi mempengaruhi keluhan nyeri punggung adalah cara membawa tas (OR = 2,717). Saran penelitin ini memberikan pendidikan kesehatan terkait dengan tindakan penggunaan tas yang tepat, mengatur jadwal pembelajaran yang tepat, dan disediakan loker pribadi untuk setiap siswa.
Kata Kunci: Penggunaan Tas Sekolah, Nyeri Punggung, Remaja
Penentuan Nilai Hambatan dan Hambatan Jenis pada Arang Batok Kelapa dan Arang Kulit Pisang dengan Metode Eksperimen
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati 
Published: March 2021

Due to an application of coconut shell and cassava peel-based charcoal as an alternative material in carbon film resistors, the purpose of this study is to determine the value of both resistance and specific resistance of those materials. The fresh coconut shell and cassava peel were dried under sunlight prior to charcoal production through pyrolysis. The resulted charcoals were then grounded into powder and filtered. After that, the fine materials were inserted into a straw with a wide area of 6,07 x 10-7 m2and 1,2 x 10-4 m2 and the length of 0,03 m and 0,04 m. The results obtained that the resistance values of the coconut shell and cassava skin charcoal were 5 104 Ω to 11 104 Ω and 3 104Ω to 5 104 Ω, respectively. While the specific resistance values of those charcoals were 1,133 Ωm to 2,34 × 102 Ωm and 0,758 Ωm to 1,28 102 Ωm, respectively. In conclusion, both resistance and specific resistance values of coconut shell charcoal seem to be relatively higher than the coconut shell charcoal.
Evaluation of postoperative complications associated with tobacco use in thoracic surgery patients
Authors: Degirmenci Mehmet , KUŞ CELAL 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Tobacco products can make thoracic diseases more
complicated by affecting their respiratory functions in a short or long
time and can increase mortality and morbidity related to these diseases.
While smoking causes many diseases that require surgical treatment,
especially thoracic surgery, on the other hand, it affects surgical
results. This study aims to determine the relationship between tobacco
use and postoperative complications in thoracic surgery patients and
contribute to public health by supporting tobacco cessation programs.
Method: Patient characteristics and tobacco use habits of the
patients, and the types of tobacco they used were determined.
Postoperative complications, admission to the intensive therapy unit,
reintubation, death, and length of stay in hospital were defined as
surgical outcomes. These results were compared and analyzed with tobacco
use.
Results: Retrospectively, 754 patients consisting of 536
(71.1%) males and 218 (28.9%) females were evaluated. Tobacco use was
more common in men (X2=223.216, p<0.001) and younger ages
(X2=45.342, p<0.001). Complications occurred in 96 patients,
76 (79.2%) of whom used tobacco. Tobacco use (p<0.001,
OR=3.547), ASA score (p=0.029, OR=2.004), major surgeries
(p<0.001, OR=4.458), and minimally invasive surgeries
(p=0.027, OR=2.323) are associated with complications. Length of
hospital stay is related to the amount of tobacco (p <0.001,
OR = 3.706), size of surgery (p <0.001, OR = 14.797), over 65
years (p <0.001, OR = 2.635), and infectious diseases (p =
0.039, OR: 1.939)
Conclusion: Tobacco use is related to poor outcomes in thoracic
surgery patients, and it is a severe health problem, especially at young
ages. Tobacco control programs should be supported to prevent the
effects of tobacco use on thoracic diseases and postoperative
complications.
Keywords: tobacco use, postoperative complications, thoracic
surgery, tobacco products, pulmonary diseases, smoking.
The Townsend Journal: Accounting for the Maritime Trade in 1840s Boston Based on B. F. Foster's Approach
Authors: Holley Brandi L. , Flesher Dale L. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
The 19th century brought on much economic growth and advancement in accounting in the United States. The teaching of accounting began to veer away from rules and instead sought the logical underpinnings of the system. It was a time when accounting evolved into accountancy through the development of theory, such as the proprietary theory and the theory of two-account series. The Townsend Journal (1840–1841), which chronicles the joint venture between two young men in the Boston maritime trade, is a case study of this progression in commerce and accounting during this pivotal time. B. F. Foster's contemporaneous Boston publications on bookkeeping provide the framework to understand this evolution in accountancy, as well as the recordings in the Townsend Journal. Through the examination of the Townsend Journal alongside B. F. Foster's texts, this paper preserves and illustrates a historical link in the evolution of the field.
Various Rotor Topologies of Line-Start Synchronous Motor for Efficiency Improvement
Authors: Sarac Vasilija Jovan , Stefanov Goce 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Line-start synchronous permanent magnet motor (LSSPMM) is being considered as a replacement or alternative to asynchronous squirrel-cage motor (AM) in constant speed applications. This is due to the better efficiency and power factor than the asynchronous motor. There are various rotor topologies of LSSPMM concerning the magnets placement and their dimensions. The paper analyses six different rotor topologies in terms of achieving the best efficiency and power factor for the same output power of the motor with minimal consumption of permanent magnet material. All other motor design parameters remain unchanged, i.e. all motor topologies are analysed for the same stator laminations and the same motor windings. The numerical finite element method (FEM) models and dynamic models for obtaining transient characteristics of speed, torque and current verify the proposed design of various motor models. The results from all motor models are compared and adequate conclusions are derived regarding the optimal rotor topology in terms of obtaining the best efficiency and power factor with minimal consumption of permanent magnet material, for the same output power of the motor.
Improving Student’s Motivation and Learning Outcomes Through Genetics E-Module
Authors: Fidiastuti Hasminar Rachman , Lathifah Anis Samrotul , Amin Mohamad , Utomo Yudhi , Aldya Riantina Fitra 
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study was to know the impact of the Genetics E-module to improve students’ motivation and learning outcomes during the learning process. The method applied was Research and Development, limited until the implementation stage, using the quasi-experiment method with one group pretest-posttest. The motivation instruments were modified questionnaire by Keller with ARCS model, consist of 4 aspects including attention, relevance, confidence, and satisfaction. The population were all of the students from class of 2017 in Biology Education department, Tribhuwana Tunggadewi State University. The pretest was held to know students’ motivation and learning outcomes when using a handout from the lecturer, while the posttest was to know students’ motivation and learning outcomes when using Genetics E-module. Data were collected from the motivation questionnaire and test. After using E-module, there were 27 students with high (71,91 ≤ x < 86), 18 students with medium (57,82 ≤ x < 71,91) and 5 students with low criterion (43,74 ≥ x) of motivation, and there were 58% students who passing the grade in Genetics test. Based on the data analysis, E-module was feasible to be used to improve students’ motivation and also learning outcomes in the Biology Education department.
Assessment of the Competitiveness of the Tourist Enterprise in the Modern Conditions
Authors: Shapoval Valentyna , Herasymenko Tetiana , Yurchyshyna Lyudmyla 
Published: March 2021

The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are scientific developments of domestic and foreign scientists related to competitiveness as a priority economic factor of sustainable development and functioning of the tourist enterprise in a changing environment, materials of specialized scientific conferences and symposia. The article considers and highlights the problems of competitiveness of the tourist enterprise as a separate subject of research. It is revealed that the recent strategic changes, which are the key to creating future competitive advantages, are the result of ensuring the long-term development of the tourist enterprise in the relevant competitive economic conditions. It is shown that the most acute problem of assessing the level of competitiveness of a tourist enterprise is the lack of information about competitors, which leads to incomplete analysis, the use of subjective scores, high financial and time costs to conduct a study of competitiveness. The main competitive strategies of the enterprise which allow to win in struggle against competitors are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the need to develop stages of systematic study of the competitiveness of tourism enterprises, which will allow to characterize the level of their competitiveness, even in conditions of information lack. The obtained results of the research are the basis for the scientific substantiation of the process of managing the competitiveness of tourist services (goods), which is one of the sub-goals of managing the competitiveness of the enterprise and should be subordinated to it. The results of the study are the basis for effective strategic management of tourism enterprises of Ukraine, capable of enhancing the competitiveness of the industry.