bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment patterns and outcomes of unfit and elderly patients with Mantle cell lymphoma unfit for standard immunochemotherapy: A UK and Ireland analysis
Authors: Rampotas Alexandros , Wilson Matthew R. , Lomas Oliver , Denny Nicholas , Leary Heather , Ferguson Graeme , McKay Pamela , Ebsworth Tim , Miller Jonathan , Shah Nimish , Martinez‐Calle Nicolas , Bishton Mark , Everden Angharad , Tucker David , El‐Hassad Ezzat , Hennessy Brian , Doherty Dearbhla , Prideaux Steve , Faryal Rehman , Hayat Amjad , Keohane Clodagh , Marr Helen , Gibb Adam , Pocock Rachael , Lambert Jonathan , Lacey Rachel , Elmusharaf Nagah , Clifford Ruth , Eyre Toby A. 
Published: May 2021

SummaryMantle cell lymphoma (MCL) presenting in elderly, unfit patients represents a clinical challenge. Front‐line ‘attenuated’ or low‐intensity immunochemotherapy is often employed, although outcomes are relatively unexplored. We report outcomes of attenuated immunochemotherapy in 95 patients with MCL across 19 centres in the UK and Ireland considered unfit for full‐dose rituximab‐bendamustine or rituximab‐cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone (R‐CHOP). Regimens examined were rituximab‐cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone (R‐CVP) (n = 19), dose‐attenuated R‐CHOP (n = 22), dose attenuated rituximab‐bendamustine (n = 24) and rituximab‐chlorambucil (n = 30). The primary outcome was progression‐free survival (PFS). The secondary outcomes included overall response, overall survival (OS) and toxicity. The median (range) age was 79 (58–89) years and 50% were aged ≥80 years. The median (range) Cumulative Illness Rating Scale‐Geriatric score was 6 (0–24). The median PFS for all patients was 15 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 8·7–21·2) and median OS was 31·4 months (95% CI 19·7–43·2). By multivariable analysis (MVA), the only clinical factor associated with an inferior PFS was blastoid morphology [hazard ratio (HR) 2·90, P = 0·01). Notably, higher treatment intensity (R‐CHOP/R‐bendamustine composite) provided an independently superior PFS compared with R‐CVP/R‐chlorambucil (MVA HR 0·49, P = 0·02). Factors associated with inferior OS by MVA were Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (HR 2·14, P = 0·04), blastoid morphology (HR 4·08, P = 0·001) and progression of disease at <24 months status (HR 5·68, P < 0·001). Overall, survival after front‐line dose‐attenuated immunochemotherapy is unsatisfactory. Clinical trials investigating novel agents such as Bruton tyrosine kinase and B‐cell lymphoma 2 inhibitors in this specific clinical setting are warranted.
Therapeutic strategies to fight COVID‐19: Which is the status artis?
Authors: Scavone Cristina , Mascolo Annamaria , Rafaniello Concetta , Sportiello Liberata , Trama Ugo , Zoccoli Alice , Bernardi Francesca Futura , Racagni Giorgio , Berrino Liberato , Castaldo Giuseppe , Coscioni Enrico , Rossi Francesco , Capuano Annalisa 
Published: May 2021

COVID‐19 is a complex disease, and many difficulties are faced today especially in the proper choice of pharmacological treatments. The role of antiviral agents for COVID‐19 is still being investigated and evidence for immunomodulatory and anti‐inflammatory drugs is quite conflicting, whereas the use of corticosteroids is supported by robust evidence. The use of heparins in hospitalized critically ill patients is preferred over other anticoagulants. There are conflicting data on the use of convalescent plasma and vitamin D. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), many vaccines are in Phase III clinical trials, and some of them have already received marketing approval in European countries and in the United States. In conclusion, drug repurposing has represented the main approach recently used in the treatment of patients with COVID‐19. At this moment, analysis of efficacy and safety data of drugs and vaccines used in real‐life context is strongly needed.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue on The second wave: are we any closer to efficacious pharmacotherapy for COVID 19? (BJP 75th Anniversary). To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.10/issuetoc
Estimating Garment Patterns from Static Scan Data
Authors: Bang Seungbae , Korosteleva Maria , Lee Sung‐Hee 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe acquisition of highly detailed static 3D scan data for people in clothing is becoming widely available. Since 3D scan data is given as a single mesh without semantic separation, in order to animate the data, it is necessary to model shape and deformation behaviour of individual body and garment parts. This paper presents a new method for generating simulation‐ready garment models from 3D static scan data of clothed humans. A key contribution of our method is a novel approach to segmenting garments by finding optimal boundaries between the skin and garment. Our boundary‐based garment segmentation method allows for stable and smooth separation of garments by using an implicit representation of the boundary and its optimization strategy. In addition, we present a novel framework to construct a 2D pattern from the segmented garment and place it around the body for a draping simulation. The effectiveness of our method is validated by generating garment patterns for a number of scan data.
CircSLC7A2 protects against osteoarthritis through inhibition of the miR‐4498/TIMP3 axis
Authors: Ni Weiyu , Jiang Chao , Wu Yizheng , Zhang Haitao , Wang Lili , Yik Jasper H.N. , Haudenschild Dominik R. , Fan Shunwu , Shen Shuying , Hu Ziang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that compete against other endogenous RNA species, such as microRNAs, and have been implicated in many diseases. In this study, we investigated the role of a new circRNA (circSLC7A2) in osteoarthritis (OA).Materials and MethodsThe relative expression of circSLC7A2 was significantly lower in OA tissues than it was in matched controls, as shown by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). Western blotting, RT‐qPCR and immunofluorescence experiments were employed to evaluate the roles of circSLC7A2, miR‐4498 and TIMP3. The in vivo role and mechanism of circSLC7A2 were also conformed in a mouse model.ResultscircSLC7A2 was decreased in OA model and the circularization of circSLC7A2 was regulated by FUS. Loss of circSLC7A2 reduced the sponge of miR‐4498 and further inhibited the expression of TIMP3, subsequently leading to an inflammatory response. We further determined that miR‐4498 inhibitor reversed circSLC7A2‐knockdown‐induced OA phenotypes. Intra‐articular injection of circSLC7A2 alleviated in vivo OA progression in a mouse model of anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT).ConclusionsThe circSLC7A2/miR‐4498/TIMP3 axis of chondrocytes catabolism and anabolism plays a critical role in OA development. Our results suggest that circSLC7A2 may serve as a new therapeutic target for osteoarthritis.
Retinoic acid induces NELFA‐mediated 2C‐like state of mouse embryonic stem cells associates with epigenetic modifications and metabolic processes in chemically defined media
Authors: Wang Yanqiu , Na Qin , Li Xihe , Tee Wee‐Wei , Wu Baojiang , Bao Siqin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesMouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from the inner cell mass of blastocyst‐stage embryos and cultured in different culture media with varied pluripotency. Sporadically, a small population of ESCs exhibit 2‐cell stage embryonic features in serum containing medium. However, whether ESCs can transit into 2‐cell embryo‐like (2C‐like) cells in the chemically defined media remains largely unknown.Materials and MethodsWe established a robust in vitro induction system, based on retinoic acid (RA) containing chemically defined media, which can efficiently increase the subpopulation of 2C‐like cells. Further test the pluripotency and 2C features of ESCs cultured in RA. 2C reporter‐positive cells were selected by FACS; the level of protein was detected via immunofluorescence staining and western blot; the level gene expressions were measured by RNA‐seq.ResultsRetinoic acid drives a NELFA (negative elongation factor A)‐mediated 2C‐like state in mouse ESCs, characterized with 2C‐specific transcriptional networks and the ability to contribute trophectoderm (TE) when injected into developing embryos. In addition, RA treatment triggers DNA hypomethylation, active histone modification, suppressed glycolysis metabolism and reduced protein synthesis activity of ESCs.ConclusionsWe showed that RA has a broader role in 2C‐like cells state, not only is one of the upstream regulators of the 2C‐like state in chemically defined media but also illuminates genetic and epigenetic regulations that govern ESCs to 2C‐like transition.
Transplantation of tauroursodeoxycholic acid–inducing M2‐phenotype macrophages promotes an anti‐neuroinflammatory effect and functional recovery after spinal cord injury in rats
Authors: Han Gong Ho , Kim Seong Jun , Ko Wan‐Kyu , Lee Daye , Han In‐Bo , Sheen Seung Hun , Hong Je Beom , Sohn Seil 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesIn this study, we study the transplantation of tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA)‐induced M2‐phenotype (M2) macrophages and their ability to promote anti‐neuroinflammatory effects and functional recovery in a spinal cord injury (SCI) model.MethodsTo this end, compared to the granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF), we evaluated whether TUDCA effectively differentiates bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMDMs) into M2 macrophages.ResultsThe M2 expression markers in the TUDCA‐treated BMDM group were increased more than those in the GM‐CSF‐treated BMDM group. After the SCI and transplantation steps, pro‐inflammatory cytokine levels and the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway were significantly decreased in the TUDCA‐induced M2 group more than they were in the GM‐CSF‐induced M1 group and in the TUDCA group. Moreover, the TUDCA‐induced M2 group showed significantly enhanced tissue volumes and improved motor functions compared to the GM‐CSF‐induced M1 group and the TUDCA group. In addition, biotinylated dextran amine (BDA)–labelled corticospinal tract (CST) axons and neuronal nuclei marker (NeuN) levels were increased in the TUDCA‐induced M2 group more than those in the GM‐CSF‐induced M1 group and the TUDCA group.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that the transplantation of TUDCA‐induced M2 macrophages promotes an anti‐neuroinflammatory effect and motor function recovery in SCI. Therefore, we suggest that the transplantation of TUDCA‐induced M2 macrophages represents a possible alternative cell therapy for SCI.
Prognostic factors of clot resolution on follow‐up computed tomography angiography and recurrence after a first acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Aranda Carlos , Gonzalez Paula , Gagliardi Lidia , Peralta Luisa , Jimenez Angel 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies seem to confirm the relationship between residual pulmonary obstruction (RPO) in pulmonary embolism (PE) and risk of recurrent thrombosis and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). However, the prognostic factors associated with PE resolution on follow‐up computed tomography angiography (CTA) are not clear.ObjectivesTo determine the prognostic factors of resolution of PE diagnosed and monitored by CTA and the impact of RPO on late complications.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 241 patients with PE who had undergone a 12‐month follow‐up and CT scan evaluation at 6 months. Factors related to resolution and the impact of RPO on the outcome were analyzed.ResultsResolution was achieved in 74.3% of all cases after 6 months of treatment. Absence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (OR, 3.22 [1.35–7.71]; p = 0.009), provoked PE (OR, 2.02 [1.08–3.79]; p = 0.028), early initiation of treatment (<7 days) (OR, 2.42 [1.22–4.78]; p = 0.011), and degree of obstruction caused by the initial PE as indicated by a Qanadli score lower than 16 (OR, 2.12 [1.03–4.37]; p = 0.043) were associated with complete resolution. RPO was associated with recurrent PE as well as the combined endpoint consisting of recurrent VTE and/or CTEPH (4.67 [95% CI, 1.26–17.26]; p = 0.02) and (OR 6.4 [95% CI, 1.9–21.2]; p < 0.005), respectively.ConclusionsResolution of PE is associated with a lower risk of recurrent thrombosis. Earlier initiation of treatment improves prognosis as measured by resolution on follow‐up CTA.
Verifying the predicted risk of extinction based on ecological characteristics
Authors: Komonen Atte , Kotiaho Janne S. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRed List status of species should reflect species extinction risk. Because data are limited and species response has a time lag, species may be threatened by extinction even if they are not Red‐Listed. The ability to predict species risk of extinction from ecological characteristics holds promises for proactively targeting conservation measures to species at high risk. In 2005, the risk of extinction from ecological characteristics was predicted for 81 species of Finnish butterflies. Now, after 15 years and two additional national Red List assessments, these predictions are verified. Species with a higher risk of extinction according to the original ecological extinction risk rank (EERR) have indeed deteriorated further as judged by their Red List status, whereas species with a smaller risk of extinction according to EERR retained their Red List status or became more viable. The analysis confirms that predicting the risk of extinction based on ecological characteristics works in practice, and such a complementary approach to Red Listing could help us to advance conservation biology from the crisis discipline toward prognostic conservation practice.
Diet quality in adults with cerebral palsy: a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease prevention
Authors: Brown Meagan C , Marciniak Christina M , Garrett Ariane M , Gaebler‐Spira Deborah J 
Published: May 2021

AimTo assess diet quality and its relationship with cardiovascular health measures for adults with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodA convenience sample of 45 adults with CP (26 females, 19 males; mean age 35y 10mo [SD 14y 9mo]). were recruited for this cross‐sectional study. Demographic, medical, and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) information were obtained through in‐person visits. Participants completed two 24‐hour dietary recalls using the Automated Self‐Administered 24‐hour Dietary Assessment Tool. Specific macronutrient intake was compared to 2015 to 2020 US Department of Agriculture (USDA) guidelines. Other data included body mass index (BMI), waist‐to‐hip ratio (WHR), blood pressure, and hemoglobin A1c (HgA1c;n=43).ResultsAdults across GMFCS levels I to V were enrolled, 20 participants were in GMFCS levels IV or V. Mean calorie intake was 1777.91/day (SD 610.54), while sodium intake was 3261.75mg/day (SD 1484.92). Five participants met USDA vegetable and seven fruit guidelines. None met whole grain targets. Sixteen were overweight/obese by BMI. Sixteen participants without hypertension diagnoses had elevated blood pressure and nine had abnormal HgA1c without prediabetes/diabetes history. Percent calories from saturated fat was inversely associated with WHR in unadjusted and adjusted models (p=0.002 and p=0.003 respectively); all other dietary recommendations assessed (total calories, sodium, and sugar) were non‐significant. Post hoc analyses were unchanged using 2020 to 2025 USDA guidelines.InterpretationAssessment of nutrient intake and diet quality is feasible and warrants further study in adults with CP, as USDA guidelines are largely unmet.
What this paper adds

Adults with cerebral palsy (CP) do not meet US Department of Agriculture dietary quality recommendations.

Prediabetes and hypertension may be common, but unrecognized, in adults with CP.

Screening for nutrient intake and diet quality should be performed to facilitate nutritional counseling.
The Bern Early Recognition and Intervention Centre for mental crisis (FETZ Bern)—An 8‐year evaluation
Authors: Michel Chantal , Kaess Michael , Flückiger Rahel , Büetiger Jessica R. , Schultze‐Lutter Frauke , Schimmelmann Benno G. , Gekle Walter , Jandl Martin , Hubl Daniela , Kindler Jochen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimEarly detection of, and intervention for, psychosis during its prodromal phase has the potential to alter the course of the disease and has therefore become a major objective of modern clinical psychiatry. An increasing number of early detection and intervention services have been established in Europe and worldwide. This study aims to describe and evaluate an early detection and intervention service for children, adolescents and adults (FETZ Bern) aged from eight to 40 years with a population catchment area of 1.035 million in Bern, Switzerland.MethodsRoutine demographic, diagnostic and service usage data were collected upon admission to the service. Using a retrospective, descriptive and naturalistic study design, data was analysed for different age groups (children, adolescents and adults) and where available, outcome data after 12 and 24 months was evaluated.ResultsThe FETZ Bern has received 827 referrals with full diagnostic data available for 353 patients. The majority of the assessed patients were young males. While 40% met criteria for a clinical high‐risk state of psychosis, 20% were diagnosed with fully manifest psychosis at time of admission, and another 40% had one or more non‐psychotic axis‐I diagnoses.ConclusionsThe FETZ Bern is the first early detection centre worldwide assessing children aged younger than 12 years, as well as adolescents and young adults in one service. Given that developmental peculiarities are important in understanding and ultimately treating psychosis, the FETZ Bern, with its emphasis on developmental peculiarities, should be considered as a model for other similar services.
Lacosamide‐induced personality changes: An unexpected adverse effect
Authors: Hamard Jacques , Rigal Mathieu , Gony Mireille , Bagheri Haleh 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo describe an ‘unexpected’ case of abrupt personality following the introduction of lacosamide.MethodsA description of an 82‐year‐old male receiving neurological follow‐up since 2010 due to epilepsy secondary to haemorrhagic stroke. We report a case of abrupt personality change in an 82‐year‐old male following the introduction of lacosamide with a return to the previous state after its discontinuation. We explored possible mechanisms and pharmacokinetic concerns explaining this personality change.ResultsIn fact, a few days after introducing lacosamide, the patient was described as ‘gentle’, ‘calm’ and apologetic for his past aggressions against his family and caregivers which was in complete contrast to his usual personality. There was also marked insistence and the use of sexualised language towards women in his close circle, especially his home nurses. In view of his insistent behaviour towards his nurses and unusual sexualised language, lacosamide was withdrawn. A few days later, the patient displayed his usual, vindictive, aggressive and forceful character. He no longer made any sexualised remarks to his home nurses.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first case of a sudden behavioural and personality change reported by family, friends and carers following the introduction of lacosamide.
Reconsidering movement and exposure: Towards a more dynamic health geography
Authors: Campbell Malcolm , Marek Lukáš , Hobbs Matthew 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAcknowledging a paucity of emerging research, and some variation by sub‐field, the geographical measures of exposure used in health and medical geography have largely stagnated often focusing on residence‐based (‘static’) conceptualisations to define an individuals mobility or exposure. Detailed spatiotemporal data, such as smartphone data, allow richer understandings of the influence of the environment, or more broadly of place, on individual health outcomes and behaviours. However, while researchers are increasingly aware of such ‘dynamic’ definitions of place these are seldom employed in empirical evidence. Moreover, there may be differences in mobility by population groups which has not to our knowledge been examined fully. The main aim of this article is to provide a critical review of progress in the conceptualisation of location in health‐related geospatial research to understand the evolution of key concepts and to provoke the reader into considering the utility of a (more) dynamic health geography. We explore the origins of time geography, activity spaces, before moving to recent developments in the area of the exposome and the linked dynamic conceptualisations of exposure in health geography. To illuminate and operationalise findings from our review for readers, we provide a small case study to demonstrate how ‘static’ and ‘dynamic’ approaches differ. Moreover, we consider why understanding heterogeneity in mobility could be particularly salient in the field of health geography, and to the discipline of geography more broadly. To conclude, we help readers understand the practical considerations of data privacy, the process of data collection, data processing, and interpretation, and dissemination of findings to offer practical assistance for those who are grappling with ‘dynamic’ definitions of mobility and conceptualisations of exposure.
Meflin defines mesenchymal stem cells and/or their early progenitors with multilineage differentiation capacity
Authors: Hara Akitoshi , Kato Katsuhiro , Ishihara Toshikazu , Kobayashi Hiroki , Asai Naoya , Mii Shinji , Shiraki Yukihiro , Miyai Yuki , Ando Ryota , Mizutani Yasuyuki , Iida Tadashi , Takefuji Mikito , Murohara Toyoaki , Takahashi Masahide , Enomoto Atsushi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the likely precursors of multiple lines of mesenchymal cells. The existence of bona fide MSCs with self‐renewal capacity and differentiation potential into all mesenchymal lineages, however, has been unclear because of the lack of MSC‐specific marker(s) that are not expressed by the terminally differentiated progeny. Meflin, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored protein, is an MSC marker candidate that is specifically expressed in rare stromal cells in all tissues. Our previous report showed that Meflin expression becomes down‐regulated in bone marrow‐derived MSCs cultured on plastic, making it difficult to examine the self‐renewal and differentiation of Meflin‐positive cells at the single‐cell level. Here, we traced the lineage of Meflin‐positive cells in postnatal and adult mice, showing that those cells differentiated into white and brown adipocytes, osteocytes, chondrocytes and skeletal myocytes. Interestingly, cells derived from Meflin‐positive cells formed clusters of differentiated cells, implying the in situ proliferation of Meflin‐positive cells or their lineage‐committed progenitors. These results, taken together with previous findings that Meflin expression in cultured MSCs was lost upon their multilineage differentiation, suggest that Meflin is a useful potential marker to localize MSCs and/or their immature progenitors in multiple tissues.