bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the luxury apparel behavioural intentions of middle‐class consumers: The case of the South African market
Authors: Cunningham Nicole , Petzer Daniël Johannes 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe study aims to offer an understanding of luxury apparel behavioural intention amongst middle‐class consumers in emerging markets. There is a lack of understanding of luxury apparel behavioural intention amongst the middle class in emerging markets, leading to luxury apparel marketers developing irrelevant marketing strategies. Consequently, this study uses the theory of planned behaviour by incorporating additional luxury‐context antecedents and including collectivistic constructs and income levels as moderators to understand luxury apparel behavioural intention amongst the middle class in South Africa. As South Africa is the preferred market for luxury apparel retailers when targeting Africa, the South African middle class was deemed an important group to understand. Through the online questionnaire, 629 responses were obtained. Covariance‐based structural equation modelling and moderation analysis were used to assess the proposed relationships. The results show that the impact of luxury‐context antecedents ‐ fashion involvement, materialism‐success, brand consciousness, status consumption ‐ provide a deeper understanding to how consumers in emerging markets differ in their consumption of luxury apparel. The moderating role of collectivism reveals that middle‐class consumers in emerging markets are concerned with conforming and face‐saving when purchasing luxury apparel. In addition, the moderating role of income levels reveals that middle‐class consumers with lower income are more influenced by their social groups compared to those with higher income, which suggests that lower‐income groups are more aspirational and seek acceptance. Further insights are provided regarding the moderating role of collectivism and income levels on behavioural intention.
A comparative evaluation of nutritional characteristics, physical properties, and volatile profiles of sweet corn subjected to different drying methods
Authors: Yao Lianmou , Zhang Yi , Qiao Yongjin , Wang Chunfang , Wang Xiao , Chen Bingjie , Kang Ji , Cheng Zhaohui , Jiang Yongming 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesFresh sweet corn is vulnerable to microbial damage and difficult to preservation at ambient temperature due to the high water and sugar contents. Therefore, in the present study, fresh sweet corn kernels were subjected to hot air drying (HAD), vacuum freeze drying (VFD), microwave drying (MD), and short‐ and medium‐wave infrared drying (SMIRD).FindingsDifferent drying ways of dehydrated sweet corns were compared in terms of physical properties, nutritional components, volatile compounds, and antioxidant capacity. After thermal treatment, sweet corn will form more volatile components and increase the flavor of sweet corn, while sweet corn treated by VFD will lose a lot of volatile components and weaken the flavor.ConclusionsThe results demonstrated that VFD products exhibited higher rehydration capacity, more nutrient retention, and better antioxidant capacity with fewer volatile compounds. A total of 63 different volatile compounds were detected in dried sweet corns. The variety of volatile substances was the maximum in the SMIRD (55), followed by HAD (35), MD (28), fresh (22), and VFD (9).Significanceand noveltyOverall, this study would be fundamental for selecting more applicable drying methods to obtain desirable quality of dried sweet corn.
Colesional cutaneous talaromycosis (penicilliosis) and Kaposi sarcoma in an HIV‐infected patient
Authors: Lai Shau‐Kong , Tan Lii‐Jye , Hussin Huzlinda , Salleh Amizatul Aini , Bakrin Ikmal Hisyam 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHIV‐infected patients are at high risk of multiple pathologies. Accurate identification of multiple colesional pathologies is critical for the patient management. We report a distinctive case of colesional cutaneous talaromycosis and Kaposi sarcoma. Prudent histopathological examination and judicious use of adjunct diagnostic test are essential for the diagnosis.
Barraquer‐Simons syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus: A case report
Authors: Acharya Suman , Kandel Suraj , Shrestha Suraj , Tiwari Sansar Babu , Sapkota Subash , Bhattarai Anjan , Jha Saket 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBarraquer‐Simons syndrome is a rare entity characterized by progressive loss of subcutaneous tissue in the face and/or upper half of the body and can be associated with autoimmune conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Close long‐term follow‐up is required to identify metabolic disturbances, potentially life‐threatening renal problems, and other associated diseases.
Lamotrigine‐induced neutropenia after high‐dose concomitant initiation with phenytoin
Authors: Salem Muhammad , El‐Bardissy Ahmed 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLamotrigine has been repeatedly reported to cause hematologic toxicities, which may be associated with high initial doses or excessive escalation. A 29‐year‐old lady experienced profound neutropenia after two weeks of lamotrigine high initial dose, started within two days of phenytoin. The too‐early dose intensification may have produced lamotrigine‐induced blood dyscrasia.
Time Resolved Measurements of pH in Aqueous Magnesium‐Air Batteries during Discharge and Its Impact for Future Applications
Authors: Braun Tobias , Dinda Sirshendu , Pammer Frank , Fichtner Maximilian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn aqueous magnesium air batteries, the influence of the electrochemical behavior on pH of the electrolyte has not been investigated yet, which has a critical effect on the cell performance. We have monitored the evolution of the pH at various discharge current densities in situ in the Mg‐air primary cells, which produce sparingly soluble magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2). These experiments show the temporal evolution of the pH of the electrolyte in the cell discharge, depending on the current density. The pH first increases rapidly to a maximum of pH 11 and then drops down slowly to the equilibrium at pH 10.7. At the peak pH oversaturation of Mg(OH)2 is paramount, leading to the precipitation which balances the Mg(OH)2 concentration in the electrolyte. This precipitation process coats both cathode and anode which leads to a decrease in cell efficiency and voltage. The results show that the cell design of Mg‐air batteries is important for their lifetime and cell performance. The performance of the aqueous magnesium cell is increased several folds when the design is changed to a simple electrolyte flow cell.
The Discovery of Potential MDM2 Inhibitors: A Combination of Pharmacophore Modeling, Virtual Screening, Molecular Docking Studies, and in vitro/in vivo Biological Evaluation
Authors: Zhang Xuelin , Zhou Chunqiao , Yang Yang , Liu Hailin , Wang Song , Ding Xiaoli , Wang Hu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSmall‐molecule inhibitors of MDM2 that block the MDM2‐p53 protein‐protein interaction have been considered as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. Here, we identify five highly potent inhibitors of MDM2 (termed as WY 1–5) that display significant inhibitory effects on MDM2‐p53 interaction by using a combined strategy of pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, and molecular docking studies. Among them, WY‐5 is the most active MDM2 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 14.1±2.8 nM. Moreover, WY‐5 significantly up‐regulate the protein level of p53 in SK‐Hep‐1 cells harboring wild‐type p53. In vitro anticancer study reveals that WY‐5 markedly inhibits the survival of SK‐Hep‐1 cells. In vivo anticancer study suggests that WY‐5 significantly inhibits the growth of SK‐Hep‐1 cells‐derived xenograft in nude mice, with no observable toxicity. Our results demonstrate that WY‐5 may be a promising candidate for the treatment of cancer harboring wild‐type p53.
Enhancement of CD8+ T‐Cell‐Mediated Tumor Immunotherapy via Magnetic Hyperthermia
Authors: Zhang Yihan , Gao Xiao , Yan Bin , Wen Nana , Lee Wee Siang Vincent , Liang Xing‐Jie , Liu Xiaoli 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMagnetic hyperthermia (MHT) uses magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) to irradiate heat when subjected to an alternating magnetic field (AMF), which then trigger a series of biological effects to realize rapid tumor‐killing effects. With the deepening in research, MHT has also shown significant potential in achieving antitumor immunity. On the other hand, immunotherapy in cancer treatment has gained increasing attention over recent years and excellent results have generally been reported. Using MHT to activate antitumor immunity and clarifying its synergistic mechanism, i. e., immunogenic cell death (ICD) and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) reversal, can achieve a synergistically enhanced therapeutic effect on primary tumors and metastatic lesions, and this can prevent cancer recurrence and metastasis, which thus prolong survival. In this review, we discussed the role of MHT when utilized alone and combining MHT with other treatments (such as radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and immune checkpoint blockers) in the process of tumor immunotherapy, including antigen release, dendritic cells (DCs) maturation, and activation of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Finally, the challenges and future development of current MHT and immunotherapy are discussed.
Fluorescent‐tagged Antiscalants: A New Look at the Scale Inhibition Mechanism and Antiscalant Selection
Authors: Tkachenko Sergey , Ryabova Anastasia , Oshchepkov Maxim , Popov Konstantin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSolid deposits onto equipment surfaces represent a serious problem all over the world. Mitigation of this process is provided by chemical inhibitors. However, irrespective of successful antiscalant application, the mechanisms of scale inhibition are still not very clear. Thus, the present review summarizes recent advances in novel fluorescent‐tagged antiscalants (polyacarboxylates, phosphonates) application for scale inhibition mechanisms study. Some paradoxical effects, detected during gypsum and barite scale formation visualization are described and interpreted within the “nanodust” concept. It is demonstrated, that the solid nanoimpurities, naturally occurring in both industrial and deionized water samples, are definitely playing a key role in any crystal nucleation process. Such nanoimpurities are responsible for the bulk heterogeneous nucleation in a supersaturated salt solution. Scale inhibitor molecules block and isolate exactly these “nanodust” nucleation centers and therefore retards crystallization process on the whole. The advantages of fluorescent antiscalants to provide a new look at scale inhibition phenomenon and inhibition mechanisms are discussed. Among these, there is a possibility to distinguish particular scale inhibitors in their blends, and an opportunity to track an antiscalant location along the process of scale formation and deposition. Besides, a need of antiscalants testament procedure unification is considered, and a possible role of fluorescent reagents in such a procedure elaboration is indicated.
Three‐dimensional stratification pattern in an old‐growth lowland forest: How does height in canopy and season influence temperate bat activity?
Authors: Erasmy Maude , Leuschner Christoph , Balkenhol Niko , Dietz Markus 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe study of animal–habitat interactions is of primary importance for the formulation of conservation recommendations. Flying, gliding, and climbing animals have the ability to exploit their habitat in a three‐dimensional way, and the vertical canopy structure in forests plays an essential role for habitat suitability. Forest bats as flying mammals may seasonally shift their microhabitat use due to differing energy demands or changing prey availability, but the patterns are not well understood. We investigated three‐dimensional and seasonal habitat use by insectivorous bats in a temperate lowland old‐growth forest, theBelovezhskaya Pushchain Belarus. We acoustically sampled broadleaved and mixed coniferous plots in the forest interior and in gaps in three heights during two reproductive periods (pregnancy/lactation vs. postlactation). In canopy gaps, vertical stratification in bat activity was less pronounced than in the forest interior. Vertical activity patterns differed among species. The upper canopy levels were important foraging habitats for the open‐space forager guild and for some edge‐space foragers like the Barbastelle batBarbastella barbastellusand the soprano pipistrellePipistrellus pygmaeus.Myotisspecies had highest activity levels near the ground in forest gaps. Moreover, we found species‐dependent seasonal microhabitat shifts. Generally, all species and species groups considered exceptMyotisspecies showed higher activity levels during postlactation.Myotisspecies tended toward higher activity in the forest interior during postlactation.P. pygmaeusswitched from high activity levels in the upper canopy during pregnancy and lactation to high activity levels near the ground during postlactation. We conclude that a full comprehension of forest bat habitat use is only possible when height in canopy and seasonal patterns are considered.
Clinical outcomes in high‐hypoglycaemia‐risk patients with type 2 diabetes switching to insulin glargine 300 U/mL versus a first‐generation basal insulin analogue in the United States : Results from the DELIVER High Risk real‐world study
Authors: Sullivan Sean D. , Freemantle Nick , Gupta Rishab A. , Wu Jasmanda , Nicholls Charlie J. , Westerbacka Jukka , Bailey Timothy S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsTo compare 12‐month clinical effectiveness of insulin glargine 300 units/mL (Gla‐300) versus first‐generation basal insulin analogues (BIAs) (insulin glargine 100 units/mL [Gla‐100] or insulin detemir [IDet]) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who were at high risk of hypoglycaemia and switched from one BIA to a different one (Gla‐300 or Gla‐100/IDet) in a real‐world setting.MethodsDELIVER High Risk was a retrospective observational cohort study of 2550 patients with T2D who switched BIA to Gla‐300 (Gla‐300 switchers) and were propensity score‐matched (1:1) to patients who switched to Gla‐100 or IDet (Gla‐100/IDet switchers). Outcomes were change in glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), attainment of HbA1c goals (<7% and <8%), and incidence and event rates of hypoglycaemia (all‐hypoglycaemia and hypoglycaemia associated with an inpatient/emergency department [ED] contact).ResultsHbA1c reductions were similar following switching to Gla‐300 or Gla‐100/IDet (−0.51% vs. −0.53%; p = .67), and patients showed similar attainment of HbA1c goals. Patients in both cohorts had comparable all‐hypoglycaemia incidence and event rates. However, the Gla‐300 switcher cohort had a significantly lower risk of inpatient/ED‐associated hypoglycaemia (adjusted odds ratio: 0.73, 95% confidence interval: 0.60–0.89; p = .002) and experienced significantly fewer inpatient/ED‐associated hypoglycaemic events (0.21 vs. 0.33 events per patient per year; p < .001).ConclusionIn patients with T2D at high risk of hypoglycaemia, switching to Gla‐300 or Gla‐100/IDet achieved similar HbA1c reductions and glycaemic goal attainment, but Gla‐300 switchers had a significantly lower risk of hypoglycaemia associated with an inpatient/ED contact during 12 months after switching.
What type of gully is that? The need for a classification of gullies
Authors: Thwaites Robin N. , Brooks Andrew P. , Pietsch Timothy J. , Spencer John R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDespite over a century of investigations into gullies and gully erosion, the characterization and categorization of gullies and the varied definitions, nomenclatures and terminology used has caused some confusion in understanding and communicating the relationships of gully forms and processes around the world. We firstly review the gully literature and highlight how a lack of consistency in gully definition and characterization prevents unifying theory from being developed within this important field of research, since it is often unclear whether different landscape features being discussed are comparable. We propose that conventionally employed qualitative planform and cross‐sectional characteristics of gullies alone are inadequate to define gully types, yet both these features remain central to most modern gully descriptions. We discuss the need to revise and augment these basic characteristics with clearly defined morphogenetic attributes such as landscape context, soil material characteristics, erosion processes, hydrological integrity, modes of development, and head/side‐wall morphology for an effective, practicable, generic gully classification scheme. Central to a gully classification scheme is the need for a clear definition of what a gully is – and is not – for which geomorphological criteria are proposed to differentiate a ‘gully’ from other ‘incisional land surface forms’. This gully definition hinges largely on the identification of a retreating head scarp and the internal erosion by mass‐movement and other sidewall slope erosion processes, coupled with the transport of the soil materials from the gully void. By defining a gully and synthesizing descriptions of gully ‘types’ from the literature and our own experience, we propose key morphogenetic attributes of gullies necessary to form a framework for a systematic gully classification scheme. An initial, eclectic classification framework is presented as both a summation and a synthesis of the literature review, and as a progenitor to a dynamic generic classification scheme that is proposed in a follow‐up article.
Larval Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyl-126 Led to a Long-Lasting Decrease in Immune Function in Postmetamorphic Juvenile Northern Leopard Frogs, Lithobates pipiens
Authors: Cary Tawnya L. , Karasov William H. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Amphibian populations are decreasing worldwide, and pollution is a contributing factor. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a class of persistent organic pollutants known to exert immunotoxicity. To assess impacts of PCBs on frogs, we exposed Lithobates pipiens tadpoles to a diet of PCB-126 (0–5 ng PCB-126/g wet food) through metamorphic climax. Postmetamorphic frogs were immunized with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH); then production of KLH-specific IgY, as well as total IgY and IgM, was measured (Trial I). A second larval study (0 and 7.3 ng PCB-126/g wet food) was performed to investigate whether PCB altered antigenic responses in prometamorphic tadpoles (Gosner Stage 36–39), and to measure the innate immune response of postmetamorphic frogs (Trial II). After larval PCB-126 exposure, both KLH-specific IgY levels and complement activity were reduced. Because postmetamorphic frogs carried a body burden of PCB-126 (2.4 ng/g or less), we wanted to determine whether the effect on immune response was due to larval exposure or to the resulting body burden as frogs. To test this, we reared tadpoles under control conditions (no PCB), and limited PCB exposure to postmetamorphosis only by injecting 2-week-old frogs with 10 ng PCB-126/g (Trial III). The resulting body burden (3.4 ng/g) was similar to that of frogs in Trial I, but we no longer detected suppression of KLH-specific IgY or hemolytic activity. These results suggest life-stage–specific immune responses; however, because we administered PCB-126 differently between trials, it is premature to conclude that these differences are intrinsically life stage dependent, and further study is warranted. Regardless, our study demonstrated a long-lasting effect of larval PCB-126 exposure that persisted through metamorphosis and suppressed frog immunity. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:81–94. © 2021 SETAC
Abstract
Larval, dietary polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-126 exposure resulted in long-lasting immunotoxicity in northern leopard frogs, as measured by hemolysis and immunoglobulin production in 16-week-old juveniles (PCB-126 body burden: 2.4 ng/g). However, when frogs were only exposed to PCB-126 post metamorphosis via intraperitoneal injection, no depression of immune function was detected in 16-week-old juveniles carrying a similar body burden (PCB-126 body burden: 3.4 ng/g).
THE FUTURE OF COLLABORATIVE LEADERSHIP—HOW BUSINESS DRIVES GROWTH BY SOLVING TODAY’S CRITICAL CHALLENGES
Authors: Mainwaring Simon 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe author examines a world in environmental crisis, and how businesses can work with other sectors of society to make meaningful changes that will benefit humanity, now and in the future. As he writes, “People’s fates and the planet’s fate are inextricably bound.” He continues that the “world’s most sustainable brands, such as the US’s Patagonia, the UK’s Unilever; Denmark’s Ørsted, France’s BNP Parabas, and Brazil’s Natura & Co Holding SA, among many others, understand better than anyone that you can grow your business even as you wholly commit to humanity and the planet—even during this unprecedented confluence of crises.” We have to go beyond sustainability to what he terms “Lead With We” collaboration. He writes that “at the core of the Lead With We business paradigm is the prescription of a “Virtuous” Spiral of Collectivized Purpose in Action.” He describes in detail how this works for six different, yet related entities: Business, Investors, Government, Civil Society, Philanthropy, and Competitors. Within the latter, he writes, “Great corporate precedents for pre‐competitive collaboration (PCC) including New Zealand newbie, Allbirds, which open‐sourced its carbon‐free sneaker tech to its whole industry. Honest Tea and Safeway partnered; UPS and DHL; Google and Yahoo!; Ford and GM//General Motors; Apple and Samsung.”
Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Fish Oil and Fenofibrate on Plasma Metabolomic Profiles in Overweight and Obese Individuals
Authors: Michielsen Charlotte C.J.R. , Hangelbroek Roland W.J. , Bragt Marjolijn C.E. , Verheij Elwin R. , Wopereis Suzan , Mensink Ronald P. , Afman Lydia A. 
Published: November 2021

ScopeThe drug fenofibrate and dietary fish oils can effectively lower circulating triglyceride (TG) concentrations. However, a detailed comparative analysis of the effects on the plasma metabolome is missing.Methods and ResultsTwenty overweight and obese subjects participate in a double‐blind, cross‐over intervention trial and receive in a random order 3.7 g day‐1 n‐3 fatty acids, 200 mg fenofibrate, or placebo treatment for 6 weeks. Four hundred twenty plasma metabolites are measured via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC‐MS). Among the treatments, 237 metabolites are significantly different, of which 22 metabolites change in the same direction by fish oil and fenofibrate, including a decrease in several saturated TG‐species. Fenofibrate additionally changes 33 metabolites, including a decrease in total cholesterol, and total lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), whereas 54 metabolites are changed by fish oil, including an increase in unsaturated TG‐, LPC‐, phosphatidylcholine‐, and cholesterol ester‐species. All q < 0.05.ConclusionFenofibrate and fish oil reduce several saturated TG‐species markedly. These reductions have been associated with a decreased risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Interestingly, fish oil consumption increases several unsaturated lipid species, which have also been associated with a reduced CVD risk. Altogether, this points towards the power of fish oil to change the plasma lipid metabolome in a potentially beneficial way.