bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Substance P ameliorates TNF‐α‐mediated impairment of human aortic vascular cells in vitro
Authors: Kim Do Young , Piao Jiyuan , Park Jeong Seop , Lee Dahyeon , Hong Hyun Sook 
Published: June 2021

AbstractVascular diseases are caused by endothelial dysfunction due to inflammation. On endothelial injury, the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) is enhanced and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability becomes deficient. This condition affects endothelial metabolism and leads to vascular destruction. The aim of this investigation was to determine whether substance P (SP) is able to protect the endothelium against inflammatory stress. To this end, aortic endothelial cells were pre‐treated with SP, followed by tumour necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), and cellular responses were evaluated using a combination of cell biology and quantification assays, as well as western blot analyses. Our results show that TNF‐α enhanced ECM expression and reduced NO production within 4 hours, promoting immune cell adhesion to the endothelium and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) secretion from aortic smooth muscle cells. However, SP treatment ameliorated TNF‐α‐induced endothelial impairment by maintaining low ECM levels. Our data suggest that this protective effect is mediated by Akt activation and NO‐enriched conditions. The inhibition of aortic endothelial cell injury by SP also reduced MCP‐1 production in aortic smooth muscle cells. Together, our data indicate that SP can protect aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells from inflammatory injury, which suggests that SP may prevent cardiovascular disease.
Solution‐Focused versus Problem‐Focused Questions: Differential Effects of Miracles, Exceptions and Scales
Authors: Neipp Marie‐Carmen , Beyebach Mark , Sanchez‐Prada Andrés , Delgado Álvarez María del Carmen 
Published: June 2021

The differential impact of solution‐focused brief therapy questions was tested. A total of 246 subjects described a personal problem they wanted to solve and were randomly assigned to one of four interventions that involved answering problem‐focused versus solution‐focused questions: a problem‐focused condition, a miracle condition, a scaling condition or an exception condition. Before and after answering the questions, participants completed measures of positive and negative affect, self‐efficacy, goal attainment, action steps and solution‐focused thinking. The miracle and exception conditions were more effective than the problem‐focused condition in reducing negative affect. The scaling condition generated more action steps than the miracle question or the exception question. These findings support solution‐focused ideas on the different effects of solution‐focused questions, but also suggest that solution‐focused and problem‐focused questions might be more similar than different in their immediate impact on clients.Practitioner pointsSolution‐focused and problem‐focused questions are more similar than different in their immediate impact on clients.Among solution‐focused questions, the miracle question and the exception question are more effective in reducing negative affect, and scaling questions in generating specific action steps.Integrative therapists could use solution‐focused questions not only with clients who seem more optimistic but also with less solution‐minded ones.​
Antimicrobial‐coated films as food packaging: A review
Authors: Fu Yezhi , Dudley Edward G. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAntimicrobial food packaging involves packaging the foods with antimicrobials to protect them from harmful microorganisms. In general, antimicrobials can be integrated with packaging materials via direct incorporation of antimicrobial agents into polymers or application of antimicrobial coating onto polymer surfaces. The former option is generally achieved through thermal film‐making technology such as compression molding or film extrusion, which is primarily suitable for heat‐stable antimicrobials. As a nonthermal technology, surface coating is more promising compared to molding or extrusion for manufacturing food packaging containing heat‐sensitive antimicrobials. In addition, it also has advantages over direct incorporation to preserve the packaging materials’ bulk properties (e.g., mechanical and physical properties) and minimize the amount of antimicrobials to reach sufficient efficacy. Herein, antimicrobial food packaging films achieved through surface coating is explored and discussed. The two components (i.e., film substrate and antimicrobials) consisting of the antimicrobial‐coated films are reviewed as plastic/biopolymer films; and synthetic/naturally occurring antimicrobials. Furthermore, special emphasis is given to different coating technologies to deposit antimicrobials onto film substrate. Laboratory coating techniques (e.g., knife coating, bar coating, and spray coating) commonly applied in academic research are introduced briefly, and scalable coating methods (i.e., electrospinning/spraying, gravure roll coating, flexography coating) that have the potential to bring laboratory‐developed antimicrobial‐coated films to an industrial level are explained in detail. The migration profile, advantages/drawbacks of antimicrobial‐coated films for food applications, and quantitative analyses of the reviewed antimicrobial‐coated films from different aspects are also covered in this review. A conclusion is made with a discussion of the challenges that remain in bringing the production of antimicrobial‐coated films to an industrial level.
Is pathological complete response predictable after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer? A single institution's retrospective experience
Authors: Winder Alec A. , Dijkstra Birgit 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundPathological complete response (pCR), in breast cancers, after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is linked to improved survival. Determining complete response to chemotherapy prior to surgery has remained elusive even using a combination of pathological factors and imaging modalities, making surgery still a necessity.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed from a single institution from 2013 to 2018. Breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy with pre‐ and post‐chemotherapy magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included. Patients receiving other neoadjuvant modalities were excluded. Imaging characteristics, including response to chemotherapy and pathological factors, were recorded.ResultsAnalysis showed 134 patients were identified with 40/134 (29.9%) noted to have radiological complete response and 34/134 (25.6%) had pCR. The positive predictive value for MRI to detect pCR was greatest for oestrogen receptor (ER) negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative tumours at 81.8% and worst for ER+ HER2− tumours at 25%. The negative predictive value was greatest for ER+ HER2− tumours at 93.9% and worst for ER− HER2− tumours at 77.4%.ConclusionMRI after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer even combined with tumour factors is not an accurate predictor of pCR.
A safe sequential treatment approach for patients who have acute cholecystitis with severe inflammation: Transmural gallbladder drainage followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy under the guidance of fluorescence imaging
Authors: Okada Yuri , Kawaguchi Yoshikuni , Matsumura Masaru , Matsubara Saburo , Nakai Yosuke , Ichida Akihiko , Ishizawa Takeaki , Akamatsu Nobuhisa , Kaneko Junichi , Arita Junichi , Koike Kazuhiko , Hasegawa Kiyoshi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionFor patients who have acute severe cholecystitis, urgent/early biliary drainage followed by delayed/elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy is recommended according to the Tokyo Guidelines 2018. Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage is an established technique. Recently, transmural gallbladder drainage under the guidance of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS‐GBD) was reported as a safe alternative. During surgery, fluorescence imaging using indocyanine green (ICG) has been increasingly used for visualizing the bile ducts. Herein, we report a sequential treatment approach which ensures safety without impairing normal activities before cholecystectomy: EUS‐GBD followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy using ICG fluorescence imaging.Materials and Surgical TechniqueA 66‐year‐old man with acute cholecystitis underwent urgent EUS‐GBD and had the drainage tube placement through the duodenum into the gallbladder. During 2.5 months of the waiting period, he had no clinical troubles. After insertion of a laparoscope, we found a structure between the gallbladder and the duodenum. We injected 0.025 mg/mL of ICG into the nasobiliary drainage tube (placed in the gallbladder through the duodenum) and confirmed that the structure was a fistula. After removing the tube, the fistula was divided using a surgical stapler under the guidance of fluorescence imaging. The cystic and common bile ducts were also clearly visualized as fluorescence.DiscussionWe reported a safe sequential treatment approach for the patient who required biliary drainage: EUS‐GBD followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy under the guidance of ICG fluorescence imaging. This sequential approach may improve patients' satisfaction with respect to quality of life during the waiting period and may ensure the safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in paediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia treated according to Dutch Childhood Oncology Group protocols and its relation to treatment response
Authors: Sassen Sebastiaan D. T. , Mathôt Ron A. A. , Pieters Rob , de Haas Valérie , Kaspers Gertjan J. L. , van den Bos Cor , Tissing Wim J. E. , te Loo D. Maroeska W. W. , Bierings Marc B. , van der Sluis Inge M. , Zwaan C. Michel 
Published: June 2021

SummaryGlucocorticoids form the backbone of paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) treatment. Many studies have been performed on steroid resistance; however, few studies have addressed the relationship between dose, concentration and clinical response. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in the treatment of paediatric ALL and the correlation with clinical parameters. A total of 1028 bound and unbound prednisolone plasma concentrations were available from 124 children (aged 0–18 years) with newly diagnosed ALL enrolled in the Dutch Childhood Oncology Group studies. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed and post hoc area under the curve (AUC) was tested against treatment outcome parameters. The pharmacokinetics of unbound prednisolone in plasma was best described with allometric scaling and saturable binding to proteins. Plasma protein binding decreased with age. The AUC of unbound prednisolone was not associated with any of the disease parameters or treatment outcomes. Unbound prednisolone plasma concentrations correlated with age. No effect of exposure on clinical treatment outcome parameters was observed and does not substantiate individualised dosing. Poor responders, high‐risk and relapsed patients showed a trend towards lower exposure compared to good responders. However, the group of poor responders was small and requires further research.
Determination of brain tumor recurrence using 11C‐methionine positron emission tomography after radiotherapy
Authors: Yamaguchi Shigeru , Hirata Kenji , Okamoto Michinari , Shimosegawa Eku , Hatazawa Jun , Hirayama Ryuichi , Kagawa Naoki , Kishima Haruhiko , Oriuchi Noboru , Fujii Masazumi , Kobayashi Kentaro , Kobayashi Hiroyuki , Terasaka Shunsuke , Nishijima Ken‐ichi , Kuge Yuji , Ito Yoichi M. , Nishihara Hiroshi , Tamaki Nagara , Shiga Tohru 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe conducted a prospective multicenter trial to compare the usefulness of 11C‐methionine (MET) and 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) for identifying tumor recurrence. Patients with clinically suspected tumor recurrence after radiotherapy underwent both 11C‐MET and 18F‐FDG PET. When a lesion showed a visually detected uptake of either tracer, it was surgically resected for histopathological analysis. Patients with a lesion negative to both tracers were revaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3 months after the PET studies. The primary outcome measure was the sensitivity of each tracer in cases with histopathologically confirmed recurrence, as determined by the McNemar test. Sixty‐one cases were enrolled, and 56 cases could be evaluated. The 38 cases where the lesions showed uptake of either 11C‐MET or 18F‐FDG underwent surgery; 32 of these cases were confirmed to be subject to recurrence. Eighteen cases where the lesions showed uptake of neither tracer received follow‐up MRI; the lesion size increased in one of these cases. Among the cases with histologically confirmed recurrence, the sensitivities of 11C‐MET PET and 18F‐FDG PET were 0.97 (32/33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85‐0.99) and 0.48 (16/33, 95% CI: 0.33‐0.65), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P < .0001). The diagnostic accuracy of 11C‐MET PET was significantly better than that of 18F‐FDG PET (87.5% vs. 69.6%, P = .033). No examination‐related adverse events were observed. The results of the study demonstrated that 11C‐MET PET was superior to 18F‐FDG PET for discriminating between tumor recurrence and radiation‐induced necrosis.
Efficacy of inhaled salbutamol with and without prednisolone for first acute rhinovirus‐induced wheezing episode
Authors: Hurme Pekka , Homil Kiara , Lehtinen Pasi , Turunen Riitta , Vahlberg Tero , Vuorinen Tytti , Camargo Carlos A. , Gern James E. , Jartti Tuomas 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundAcute rhinovirus‐induced wheezing is common in young children and may respond to systemic corticosteroid. There are no trials on the efficacy of inhaled beta2‐agonist in this clinical scenario.ObjectiveTo study post hoc the short‐term (up to 2 months) efficacy of inhaled beta2‐agonist with and without oral corticosteroid in the first acute rhinovirus‐induced severe wheezing episode in young hospitalized children.MethodsThe study population came from two randomized controlled trials comparing oral prednisolone (2 mg/kg/d for 3 days) to placebo: Vinku (n = 35, NCT00494624) used high‐dose regular nebulized salbutamol (0.15 mg/kg 2–4 h intervals) and Vinku2 (n = 60, NCT00731575, EudraCT 2006‐007100‐42) used inhaled salbutamol on‐demand. Both studies used identical detailed follow‐up assessments. The primary outcome of the former was the duration of hospitalization and of the latter the occurrence of and the time to a new physician‐confirmed wheezing episode within 2 months after discharge. Treatment groups included salbutamol high‐dose vs. salbutamol on‐demand while adjusting for prednisolone status and acknowledging for interactions with exception of the duration of hospitalization in which prednisolone groups could not be fully used due to protocol differences.ResultsMedian age of subjects was 13 months, 32% were sensitized and 22% had doctor‐diagnosed eczema. In the duration of hospitalization, salbutamol high‐dose/placebo versus salbutamol on‐demand/placebo groups did not differ (p = .12). In the occurrence of and time to relapse within 2 months, a significant group × treatment interaction was observed (both p = .02), such that high‐dose group had less and longer time to relapses than on‐demand group in prednisolone arm (both p < .05), but no difference was detected in placebo arm (both p > .26).ConclusionsIn young, hospitalized children with first episode of rhinovirus‐induced wheezing, high‐dose inhaled salbutamol may interact with oral prednisolone. However, further trials are warranted.
Improving species status assessments under the U.S. Endangered Species Act and implications for multispecies conservation challenges worldwide
Authors: Noss Reed F. , Cartwright Jennifer M. , Estes Dwayne , Witsell Theo , Elliott Gregg , Adams Daniel , Albrecht Matthew , Boyles Ryan , Comer Patrick , Doffitt Chris , Faber‐Langendoen Don , Hill JoVonn , Hunter William C. , Knapp Wesley M. , Marshall Michael E. , Singhurst Jason , Tracey Christopher , Walck Jeffrey , Weakley Alan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDespite its successes, the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA) has proven challenging to implement due to funding limitations, workload backlog, and other problems. As threats to species survival intensify and as more species come under threat, the need for the ESA and similar conservation laws and policies in other countries to function efficiently has grown. Attempts by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) to streamline ESA decisions include multispecies recovery plans and habitat conservation plans. We address species status assessment (SSA), a USFWS process to inform ESA decisions from listing to recovery, within the context of multispecies and ecosystem planning. Although existing SSAs have a single‐species focus, ecosystem‐based research can efficiently inform multiple SSAs within a region and provide a foundation for transition to multispecies SSAs in the future. We considered at‐risk grassland species and ecosystems within the southeastern United States, where a disproportionate number of rare and endemic species are associated with grasslands. To initiate our ecosystem‐based approach, we used a combined literature‐based and structured World Café workshop format to identify science needs for SSAs. Discussions concentrated on 5 categories of threats to grassland species and ecosystems, consistent with recommendations to make shared threats a focus of planning under the ESA: (1) habitat loss, fragmentation, and disruption of functional connectivity; (2) climate change; (3) altered disturbance regimes; (4) invasive species; and (5) localized impacts. For each threat, workshop participants identified science and information needs, including database availability, research priorities, and modeling and mapping needs. Grouping species by habitat and shared threats can make the SSA process and other planning processes for conservation of at‐risk species worldwide more efficient and useful. We found a combination of literature review and structured discussion effective for identifying the scientific information and analysis needed to support the development of multiple SSAs.Article impact statement: Species status assessments can be improved by an ecosystem‐based approach that groups imperiled species by shared habitats and threats.
Durable surface functionalisation and pigment coloration of cellulosic fabrics using bioactive additives
Authors: Ibrahim Nabil A. , El‐Zairy Enas M. , Eid Basma M. , Abd Allah Shimaa S. , Emam El‐Amir M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe main goal of this study is to develop a facile eco‐friendly method for antibacterial/ultraviolet (UV)‐blocking functionalisation using various green bioactive functional additives namely neem, jojoba, argan, aloe vera, ginger, and tulsi. In addition, pigment coloration of cellulosic substrates including cotton, viscose, cotton/viscose, and cotton/linen using pigment colourants and appropriate printing auxiliaries in one step was used. The experimental results revealed that the durability, improvement in the imparted antibacterial/UV‐blocking functional properties and enhancement in the depth of the obtained pigment prints followed a decreasing order: tulsi > ginger > aloe vera > argan > jojoba > neem ≫ none, keeping other parameters constant. The obtained data also demonstrated that the developed pigment prints exhibited remarkable functionalities and depth of shade after 15 washing cycles. Moreover, it was observed that improvement in the imparted functional and coloration properties were a function of types of cellulosic substrate and the kind of colourant. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis for selected samples confirmed the surface modification, morphology changes and immobilisation of the used active ingredients onto the treated substrates.
Does rhythmic priming improve grammatical processing in Hungarian‐speaking children with and without developmental language disorder?
Authors: Ladányi Enikő , Lukács Ágnes , Gervain Judit 
Published: June 2021

AbstractResearch has described several features shared between musical rhythm and speech or language, and experimental studies consistently show associations between performance on tasks in the two domains as well as impaired rhythm processing in children with language disorders. Motivated by these results, in the current study our first aim was to explore whether a short exposure to a regular musical rhythm (i.e., rhythmic priming) can improve subsequent grammatical processing in preschool‐aged Hungarian‐speaking children with and without developmental language disorder (DLD). Second, we investigated whether rhythmic priming is specific to grammar processing by assessing priming in two additional domains: a linguistic but non‐grammatical task (picture naming) and a non‐linguistic task (nonverbal Stroop task). Third, to confirm that the rhythmic priming effect originates from the facilitating effect of the regular rhythm and not the negative effect of the control condition, we added a third condition, silence, for all the three tasks. Both groups of children showed better performance on the grammaticality judgment task in the regular compared to both the irregular and the silent conditions but no such effect appeared in the non‐grammatical and non‐linguistic tasks. These results suggest that (1) rhythmic priming can improve grammatical processing in Hungarian, a language with complex morphosyntax, both in children with and without DLD, (2) the effect is specific to grammar and (3) is a result of the facilitating effect of the regular rhythm. These results could motivate further research about integrating rhythmic priming into traditional speech‐language therapy. A video abstract of this article can be viewed athttps://youtu.be/zKzGuIjZyvU.
Multiword units lead to errors of commission in children's spontaneous production: “What corpus data can tell us?*”
Authors: McCauley Stewart M. , Bannard Colin , Theakston Anna , Davis Michelle , Cameron‐Faulkner Thea , Ambridge Ben 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPsycholinguistic research over the past decade has suggested that children's linguistic knowledge includes dedicated representations for frequently‐encountered multiword sequences. Important evidence for this comes from studies of children's production: it has been repeatedly demonstrated that children's rate of speech errors is greater for word sequences that are infrequent and thus unfamiliar to them than for those that are frequent. In this study, we investigate whether children's knowledge of multiword sequences can explain a phenomenon that has long represented a key theoretical fault line in the study of language development: errors of subject‐auxiliary non‐inversion in question production (e.g., “why we can't go outside?*”). In doing so we consider a type of error that has been ignored in discussion of multiword sequences to date. Previous work has focused on errors of omission – an absence of accurate productions for infrequent phrases. However, if children make use of dedicated representations for frequent sequences of words in their productions, we might also expect to see errors of commission – the appearance of frequent phrases in children's speech even when such phrases are not appropriate. Through a series of corpus analyses, we provide the first evidence that the global input frequency of multiword sequences (e.g., “she is going” as it appears in declarative utterances) is a valuable predictor of their errorful appearance (e.g., the uninverted question “what she is going to do?*”) in naturalistic speech. This finding, we argue, constitutes powerful evidence that multiword sequences can be represented as linguistic units in their own right.