bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the 24‐h pad weight test as continence rate assessment tool after artificial urinary sphincter implantation for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence: A Swedish retrospective cohort study
Authors: Reus Christine , Brattås Izabelle , Volz Daniela , Sydén Filip , Grufman Katarina Hallén , Mozer Pierre , Renström‐Koskela Lotta 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimPatient‐reported pad‐count as continence rate assessment tool after artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) implantation is common. However, lack of standardized continence definition using this method results in heterogeneous published efficacy outcomes. Data on 24‐h pad weight tests (PWT) after primary AUS implantation for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence (PPUI) is scarce.Our aim was to evaluate the 24‐h PWT as an efficacy assessment tool and correlate it to qualitative outcomes using validated questionnaires.MethodsThis retrospective, single center, follow‐up cohort study, evaluated 180 patients who underwent primary AUS implantation for PPUI from 2005 to 2018. Voiding diaries, 24‐h PWT, validated patient satisfaction and quality of life (QoL) questionnaires were collected pre‐operatively and at 3–6 months postactivation, using the institution's Electronic Medical Records.ResultsThe median preoperative and postoperative 24‐h PWT values were 494 (interquartile range [IQR]: 304–780) and 7 (IQR: 0–25) g respectively with a significant improvement in urinary leakage of 489.5 g 99.1% (p < 0.001). Median preoperative and postoperative I‐QoL results increased from 33.5 (IQR: 19.3–63.6) to 86.4 (IQR: 73.9–94.3) points, with a significant 52.9 points improvement in QoL (p < 0.001). Similarly, the median preoperative and postoperative ICIQ‐SF values decreased from 20 (IQR: 17–21) to 5 (IQR: 3–9) points, showing a significant improvement of 15 points (p < 0.001). We also found a significant correlation between PWT and patient satisfaction.ConclusionThe 24‐h PWT provides a reliable and objective assessment of continence rates, with a strong correlation to qualitative outcomes, after primary AUS implantation for PPUI. Its use could help reduce reported outcome heterogeneity across studies.
Multidisciplinary Care ofBRAF-MutantStageIIIMelanoma: A Physicians Perspective Review
Authors: Cornelius Lynn A. , Fields Ryan C. , Tarhini Ahmad 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPrognosis among patients with stage III melanoma can vary widely depending on the risk of disease relapse. Therefore, it is vital to optimize patient care through accurate diagnosis and staging as well as thoughtful treatment planning. A multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach, which involves active collaboration among physician specialists across a patient's disease journey, has been increasingly adopted as the standard of care for treatment of a variety of cancers, including melanoma. This review provides an overview of MDT care principles for patients with BRAF-mutant–positive, stage III cutaneous melanoma and summarizes current literature, clinical experiences, and institutional best practices. Therapeutic goals from dermatologic, surgical, and medical oncologist perspectives regarding MDT care throughout a patient's disease course are discussed. Additionally, the role of each specialty's involvement in testing for predictive biomarkers at relevant time points to facilitate informed treatment decisions is discussed. Last, instances of successful MDT treatment of other cancers and key lessons to optimize MDT patient care in cutaneous melanoma are provided. Several aspects of MDT patient care are considered vital, such as the importance of staging via pathological examination and imaging, biomarker testing, and interdisciplinary physician and patient engagement throughout the course of treatment. Use of MDTs has the potential to improve patient care in cutaneous melanoma by improving the speed and accuracy of diagnosis, implementing a personalized treatment plan early on, and being proactive in adverse event management. Physician perspectives described in this review may lead to better outcomes, quality of life, and overall patient satisfaction.Implications for PracticeAs more cancer therapies emerge, it is critical to optimize patient care and treatment planning. The multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach, which involves active collaboration among specialists, has led to encouraging survival results in multiple cancer types. As MDT care becomes more widely adopted in the treatment of melanoma, accurate diagnosis and staging are important, as clinical outcomes for stage III disease vary widely by substage. Because ~50% of melanomas harbor BRAF mutations, testing is important for an informed treatment decision. Interdisciplinary physician-patient engagement throughout the course of treatment can improve comorbidity and adverse event management to optimize patients' treatment journeys.
Using social media to understand adults’ experiences of physical activity as a child living with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Morrow Diane , Lennon Marilyn , Kirk Alison , Muirhead Fiona 
Published: June 2021

AbstractChallenges exist in facilitating engagement with physical activity for adolescents living with type 1 diabetes. These are known to include both physical and psychosocial barriers. Exploring retrospective reflections of lived experiences of adults growing up with diabetes may provide meaningful insights into these challenges, to help inform future interventions that aim to increase physical activity in adolescents living today with type 1 diabetes (T1D).The aim of this study was to understand adults’ experiences of physical activity as a child living with T1D.Social media were used (Twitter and Facebook) to allow adults to share their experiences of engaging in physical activity as a child with T1D. The digital stories (posts) were then thematically analysed to understand underlying factors affecting engagement (both positively and negatively) with physical activity as a child living with diabetes.A total of 42 individual participants took part, providing 68 posts (44 replies from Twitter, 24 from Facebook). The six key themes generated as contributing factors that affected engagement with physical activity as a child living with T1D were: (1) Acceptance; (2) Education and knowledge; (3) Support; (4) Coping behaviours; (5) Identity; and (6) Perceptions of control.Our childhood experiences may influence later behaviours as an adult. It is important to understand what factors adults identify retrospectively as influencing their engagement with physical activity as a child. Using social media to capture childhood experiences enabled the identification of six key themes for consideration in the design of interventions to support physical activity in adolescents living with T1D. Copyright © 2021 John Wiley & Sons.
A critical assessment of factors influencing the perceived professional benefit of internet nurses
Authors: Li Xiaoxu , Zhu Yichang , Yang Bo , Wu Bing , Wang Meixiang , Zhao Yun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe investigated the perceived professional benefit of nurses engaged in internet nursing services of Internet Cooperative Hospitals in Nanjing, China, and explored factors influencing nurse assessment.MethodFrom July to August 2020, 300 nurses engaged in internet nursing services at the Internet Cooperative Hospitals of Nanjing, China were assessed using a standardized general information questionnaire with a cumulative score of 145 (range 29‐145).ResultThe perceived professional benefit score measured in this study was 121.21 ± 14.97. Linear regression analysis showed that personal recognition of internet nursing services, children's education, position, leader's attitude toward nurses engaging in internet nursing services, and the number of night shifts were the main factors influencing score.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that perceived professional benefit was influenced by diverse factors. We recommend that targeted intervention measures be used to ensure that nursing managers provide opportunities and platforms for nurses who actively participate in online nursing services.
Epidemiology, prognosis and management of potassium disorders in Covid‐19
Authors: Noori Maryam , Nejadghaderi Seyed A. , Sullman Mark J. M. , Carson‐Chahhoud Kristin , Kolahi Ali‐Asghar , Safiri Saeid 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCoronavirus disease (Covid‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), is currently the largest health crisis facing most countries. Several factors have been linked with a poor prognosis for this disease, including demographic factors, pre‐existing comorbidities and laboratory parameters such as white blood cell count, D‐dimer, C‐reactive protein, albumin, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine and electrolytes. Electrolyte abnormalities particularly potassium disorders are common among Covid‐19 patients. Based on our pooled analysis, hypokalemia and hyperkalemia occur in 24.3% and 4.15% of Covid‐19 patients, respectively. Potassium level deviation from the normal range may increase the chances of unfavorable outcomes and even death. Therefore, this article reviewed the epidemiology of potassium disorders and explained how hypokalemia and hyperkalemia are capable of deteriorating cardiac outcomes and the prognosis of Covid‐19 for infected patients. The article finishes by highlighting some important considerations in the management of hypokalemia and hyperkalemia in these patients.
Hepatic vein tumor thrombosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Prevalence and clinical significance
Authors: Mähringer‐Kunz Aline , Meyer Franziska I. , Hahn Felix , Müller Lukas , Düber Christoph , Pinto Dos Santos Daniel , Galle Peter R. , Weinmann Arndt , Kloeckner Roman , Schotten Sebastian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is strong evidence that portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) is associated with poor survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, data regarding the clinical significance of hepatic vein tumor thrombosis (HVTT) is rare, particularly in Western patients.ObjectiveTo determine the HVTT prevalence in a Western patient population and its impact on survival.MethodsWe included 1310 patients with HCC treated in our tertiary referral center between January 2005 and December 2016. HVTT and PVTT were diagnosed with contrast‐enhanced cross‐sectional imaging. Overall survival (OS) was calculated starting from the initial HCC diagnosis, and in a second step, starting from the first appearance of vascular invasion.ResultsWe observed macrovascular invasion (MVI) in 519 patients who suffered from either isolated HVTT (n = 40), isolated PVTT (n = 352), or both combined (HVTT + PVTT) (n = 127). Calculated from the initial HCC diagnosis, the median OS for patients with isolated HVTT was significantly shorter than that of patients without MVI (13.3 vs. 32.5 months, p < 0.001). Calculated from the first appearance of MVI, the median OS was similar among patients with isolated HVTT (6.5 months), isolated PVTT (5 months), and HVTT + PVTT (5 months). Multivariate analysis confirmed HVTT as an independent risk factor for poor survival.ConclusionsHVTT may be more common than typically reported. In most patients, it was accompanied by PVTT. Isolated HVTT occurred less frequently and later than isolated PVTT; however, once developed, it had the same deleterious impact on survival. Therefore, patients with HVTT should be classified as advanced stage of HCC.
“I have Learned Non-Euclidean Geometry Just from this Book” - Some facets of the correspondence between Friedrich Engel and David Hilbert
Authors: Ullrich Peter 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFriedrich Engel and David Hilbert learned to know each other at Leipzig in 1885 and exchanged letters in particular during the next 15 years which contain interesting information on the academic life of mathematicians at the end of the 19th century. In the present article we will mainly discuss a statement by Hilbert himself on Moritz Pasch’s influence on his views of geometry, and on personnel politics concerning Hermann Minkowski and Eduard Study but also Engel himself.
A 15-min non-competitive homogeneous assay for microcystin and nodularin based on time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET)
Authors: Akter Sultana , Lamminmäki Urpo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSimple and rapid methods are required for screening and analysis of water samples to detect cyanobacterial cyclic peptide hepatotoxins: microcystin/nodularin. Previously, we reported a highly sensitive non-competitive heterogeneous assay for microcystin/nodularin utilizing a generic anti-immunocomplex (anti-IC) single-chain fragment of antibody variable domains (scFv) isolated from a synthetic antibody library together with a generic adda ((2S,3S,4E,6E,8S,9S)-3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldeca-4,6-dienoic acid)-specific monoclonal antibody (Mab) recognizing the common adda part of the microcystin/nodularin. Using the same antibody pair, here we report a homogeneous non-competitive assay for microcystin/nodularin based on TR-FRET (time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer) measurement. The anti-IC scFv labeled with Alexa Fluor 680 and the Mab labeled with europium enabled the FRET process to occur in the presence of microcystin/nodularin. The TR-FRET signal is proportional to the toxin concentration in the sample. The rapid (15 min) homogeneous assay without requiring any washing step detected all the tested nine toxin variants (microcystin-LR, -dmLR, -RR, -dmRR, -YR, -LY, -LF -LW, and nodularin-R). Very good signal to blank ratio (~13) was achieved using microcystin-LR and the sample detection limit (blank+3SD of blank) for microcystin-LR was ~0.3 μg/L (~0.08 μg/L in 80-μL reaction well). The practical application of the TR-FRET assay was demonstrated with water samples spiked with microcystin-LR as well as with environmental water. The average recoveries of microcystin-LR from spiked water ranged from 65 to 123%. Good correlation (r2 = 0.73 to 0.99) with other methods (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and previously reported heterogeneous assay) was found when environmental samples were analyzed. The developed wash-free assay has the potential to play as a quick screening tool to detect microcystin/nodularin from water below the World Health Organization’s guideline limit (1 μg/L of microcystin-LR).
Graphical abstract
Fracture Incidence and the Relevance of Dietary and Lifestyle Factors Differ in the United Kingdom and Hong Kong: An International Comparison of Longitudinal Cohort Study Data
Authors: Hayhoe Richard P. G. , Chan Ruth , Skinner Jane , Leung Jason , Jennings Amy , Khaw Kay-Tee , Woo Jean , Welch Ailsa A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGeographic variation in fracture risk may be due to divergent profiles of dietary, lifestyle, and other risk factors between populations. We investigated differences in fracture rates between two older-population cohorts: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Norfolk cohort (n = 7732) in the United Kingdom (UK), and the Mr and Ms Os cohort (n = 3956) in Hong Kong (HK). Data were collected by questionnaires, laboratory assessments, and hospital records. Incidence of hip, spine, and wrist fractures in the two cohorts was calculated and multivariable regression was used to explore variables important to fracture risk. Total hip, spine, and wrist fracture incidence was higher in the UK vs HK for women (13.70 vs 8.76 per 1000 person-years; p < 0.001), but not men (5.95 vs 5.37 per 1000 person-years; p = 0.337), and the proportions of different fractures also varied between cohorts (p < 0.001). Hip fracture was the most common UK fracture (accounting for 56.8% fractures in men and 52.6% in women), while wrist fracture was most common in HK (42.9% in men and 57.9% in women). The major contributor to total fracture risk in multivariable regression models of both cohorts and sexes, was age; with BMI also an important contributor to fracture risk HK men and UK women. The distribution of factors relevant to fracture risk, and the rates of different fractures, varied significantly between UK and HK cohorts. However, the importance of each factor in contributing to fracture risk was similar between the cohorts. The differences in fracture rates suggest targeted approaches may be required when developing interventions and public health recommendations to reduce the burden of osteoporosis in these two countries.
Systematic heat transfer measurements in highly viscous binary fluids
Authors: Fleer Ann-Christin , Richter Markus , Span Roland 
Published: June 2021

AbstractInvestigations of flow boiling in highly viscous fluids show that heat transfer mechanisms in such fluids are different from those in fluids of low viscosity like refrigerants or water. To gain a better understanding, a modified standard apparatus was developed; it was specifically designed for fluids of high viscosity up to 1000 Pa∙s and enables heat transfer measurements with a single horizontal test tube over a wide range of heat fluxes. Here, we present measurements of the heat transfer coefficient at pool boiling conditions in highly viscous binary mixtures of three different polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMS) and n-pentane, which is the volatile component in the mixture. Systematic measurements were carried out to investigate pool boiling in mixtures with a focus on the temperature, the viscosity of the non-volatile component and the fraction of the volatile component on the heat transfer coefficient. Furthermore, copper test tubes with polished and sanded surfaces were used to evaluate the influence of the surface structure on the heat transfer coefficient. The results show that viscosity and composition of the mixture have the strongest effect on the heat transfer coefficient in highly viscous mixtures, whereby the viscosity of the mixture depends on the base viscosity of the used PDMS, on the concentration of n-pentane in the mixture, and on the temperature. For nucleate boiling, the influence of the surface structure of the test tube is less pronounced than observed in boiling experiments with pure fluids of low viscosity, but the relative enhancement of the heat transfer coefficient is still significant. In particular for mixtures with high concentrations of the volatile component and at high pool temperature, heat transfer coefficients increase with heat flux until they reach a maximum. At further increased heat fluxes the heat transfer coefficients decrease again. Observed temperature differences between heating surface and pool are much larger than for boiling fluids with low viscosity. Temperature differences up to 137 K (for a mixture containing 5% n-pentane by mass at a heat flux of 13.6 kW/m2) were measured.
Current treatment and outcomes of pediatric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST): a systematic review of published studies
Authors: Raitio Arimatias , Salim Adeline , Mullassery Dhanya , Losty Paul D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a rare cancer of mesenchymal origin mostly seen in adult and elderly populations. Therefore, the prognostic and therapeutic features of pediatric GIST are not clearly defined. Clinical knowledge has been largely extrapolated from case series and adult studies. In this systematic review, we aimed to analyze the health outcome metrics of pediatric GIST. Medline and Embase databases were searched using relevant key terms. The original search retrieved 1,892 titles; 27 studies with 184 patients (68% female) were included for final review. The primary tumors were located in the stomach (165/184, 90%), small bowel (12/184, 7%), and elsewhere (7/184, 4%). Individual patient data were available in 125 cases with a median follow-up of 6.7 years. All patients underwent surgical resection, which varied from wide local excision to total gastrectomy. There were 12 deaths (10%), 65 (52%) patients were alive with no evidence of disease, and 31 cases (25%) were alive with disease. Tumor size > 5 cm, high mitotic index, and spindle morphology were predictive of mortality. Pediatric GIST has a more favorable prognosis and different characteristics versus adult tumors. There is a crucial need for international consensus and specific pediatric guidelines for the treatment of this rare tumor.
PARP inhibition in UV-associated angiosarcoma preclinical models
Authors: Weidema Marije E. , Desar Ingrid M. E. , Hillebrandt-Roeffen Melissa H. S. , van Erp Anke E. M. , Masuzawa Mikio ,   PALGA-group, Meyer J. W. R. , Hogenes M. C. H. , Flucke Uta E. , van der Graaf Winette T. A. , Versleijen-Jonkers Yvonne M. H. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Angiosarcoma (AS) is a rare vasoformative sarcoma, with poor overall survival and a high need for novel treatment options. Clinically, AS consists of different subtypes, including AS related to previous UV exposure (UV AS) which could indicate susceptibility to DNA damage repair inhibition. We, therefore, investigated the presence of biomarkers PARP1 (poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1) and Schlafen-11 (SLFN11) in UV AS. Based on experiences in other sarcomas, we examined (combination) treatment of PARP inhibitor (PARPi) olaparib and temozolomide (TMZ) in UV AS cell lines.

Methods
Previously collected UV AS (n = 47) and non-UV AS (n = 96) patient samples and two UV AS cell lines (MO-LAS and AS-M) were immunohistochemically assessed for PARP1 and SLFN11 expression. Both cell lines were treated with single agents PARPi olaparib and TMZ, and the combination treatment. Next, cell viability and treatment synergy were analyzed. In addition, effects on apoptosis and DNA damage were examined.

Results
In 46/47 UV AS samples (98%), PARP1 expression was present. SLFN11 was expressed in 80% (37/46) of cases. Olaparib and TMZ combination treatment was synergistic in both cell lines, with significantly increased apoptosis compared to single agent treatment. Furthermore, a significant increase in DNA damage marker γH2AX was present in both cell lines after combination therapy.

Conclusion
We showed combination treatment of olaparib with TMZ was synergistic in UV AS cell lines. Expression of PARP1 and SLFN11 was present in the majority of UV AS tumor samples. Together, these results suggest combination treatment of olaparib and TMZ is a potential novel AS subtype-specific treatment option for UV AS patients.