bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ryugu’s observed volatile loss did not arise from impact heating alone
Authors: Kurosawa Kosuke , Moriwaki Ryota , Yabuta Hikaru , Ishibashi Ko , Komatsu Goro , Matsui Takafumi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCarbonaceous asteroids, including Ryugu and Bennu, which have been explored by the Hayabusa2 and OSIRIS-REx missions, were probably important carriers of volatiles to the inner Solar System. However, Ryugu has experienced significant volatile loss, possibly from hypervelocity impact heating. Here we present impact experiments at speeds comparable to those expected in the main asteroid belt (3.7 km s−1 and 5.8 km s−1) and with analogue target materials. We find that loss of volatiles from the target material due to impacts is not sufficient to account for the observed volatile depletion of Ryugu. We propose that mutual collisions in the main asteroid belt are unlikely to be solely responsible for the loss of volatiles from Ryugu or its parent body. Instead, we suggest that additional processes, for example associated with the diversity in mechanisms and timing of their formation, are necessary to account for the variable volatile contents of carbonaceous asteroids.
Photoredox/cobaloxime co-catalyzed allylation of amines and sulfonyl hydrazines with olefins to access α-allylic amines and allylic sulfones
Authors: Xu Hui , Zhang Hong , Tong Qing-Xiao , Zhong Jian-Ji 
Published: July 2021

Herein, a photoredox/cobaloxime co-catalyzed allylation of amines and sulfonyl hydrazines with olefins to access α-allylic amines and allylic sulfones is described, which avoided the external oxidants and pre-functionalized allylic precursors.
Cytotoxicity and Antiviral Activities of Haplophyllum tuberculatum Essential Oils, Pure Compounds, and Their Combinations against Coxsackievirus B3 and B4
Authors: Hamdi Assia , Halouani Aymen , Aouf Ines , Viaene Johan , Marzouk Belsem , Kraiem Jamil , Jaïdane Hela , Heyden Yvan Vander 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Haplophyllum tuberculatum is a plant commonly used in folk medicine to treat several diseases including vomiting, nausea, infections, rheumatism, and gastric pains. In the current study, H. tuberculatum essential oils, hydrosols, the pure compounds R-(+)-limonene, S-(−)-limonene, and 1-octanol, as well as their combinations R-(+)-limonene/1-octanol and S-(−)-limonene/1-octanol, were screened for their cytotoxicity on HEp-2 cells after 24, 48, and 72 h, and then tested for their activity against Coxsackievirus B3 and B4 (CV-B3 and CV-B4) at 3 different moments: addition of the plant compounds before, after, or together with virus inoculation. Results showed that the samples were more cytotoxic after 72 h than after 24 h or 48 h cell contact. However, the combinations R-(+)-limonene/1-octanol and S-(−)-limonene/1-octanol showed less effect on HEp-2 cells than pure R-(+)-limonene and S-(−)-limonene after
24 h, 48 h, and 72 h. 1-octanol exhibited the highest concentration causing 50% cytotoxicity (CC50) on HEp-2 cells after 24 h (CC50 = 93 µg/mL) and 48 h (CC50 = 83 µg/mL). The antiviral assays showed that the tested samples exhibited potent inhibition of CV-B. IC50 values ranged from 0.66 µg/mL to 28.4 µg/mL. In addition, CV-B3 was more sensitive than CV-B4. Both CV-B strains are more inhibited when cells were pretreated with the plant compounds. The hydrosols have no effect, neither on HEp-2 cells nor on the virus. 1-octanol, S-(−), and R-(+)-limonene/1-octanol had important selectivity indexes over time. Although essential oils had potent antiviral activity, they can be considered for application in the pretreatment of cells. However, 1-octanol and the combinations are within the safety limits, and thus, they can be used as an active natural antiviral agent for CV-B3 and CV-B4 inhibition.
Evaluating Endoscopic Ipsilateral Endonasal Corridor Approaches to the Anterolateral Wall of the Maxillary Sinus: A Computerized Tomography Study
Authors: Vatcharayothin Navarat , Kasemsiri Pornthep , Thanaviratananich Sanguansak , Thongrong Cattleya 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroduction The endoscopic access to lesions in the anterolateral wall of the maxillary sinus is a challenging issue; therefore, the evaluation of access should be performed.Objective To assess the accessibility of three endoscopic ipsilateral endonasal corridors.Methods Three corridors were created in each of the 30 maxillary sinuses from 19 head cadavers. Accessing the anterolateral wall of the maxillary sinus was documented with a straight stereotactic navigator probe at the level of the nasal floor and of the axilla of the inferior turbinate.Results At level of the nasal floor, the prelacrimal approach, the modified endoscopic Denker approach, and the endoscopic Denker approach allowed mean radial access to the anterolateral maxillary sinus wall of 42.6 ± 7.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 39.9–45.3), 56.0 ± 6.1 (95%CI: 53.7–58.3), and 60.1 ± 6.2 (95%CI: 57.8–62.4), respectively. Furthermore, these approaches provided more lateral access to the maxillary sinus at the level of the axilla of the inferior turbinate, with mean radial access of 45.8 ± 6.9 (95%CI: 43.3–48.4) for the prelacrimal approach, 59.8 ± 4.7 (95% CI:58.1–61.6) for the modified endoscopic Denker approach, and 63.6 ± 5.5 (95%CI: 61.6–65.7) for the endoscopic Denker approach. The mean radial access in each corridor, either at the level of the nasal floor or the axilla of the inferior turbinate, showed a statistically significant difference in all comparison approaches (p < 0.05).Conclusions The prelacrimal approach provided a narrow radial access, which allows access to anteromedial lesions of the maxillary sinus, whereas the modified endoscopic Denker and the endoscopic Denker approaches provided more lateral radial access and improved operational feasibility on far anterolateral maxillary sinus lesions.
Can We Create an Arteriovenous Fistula for Hemodialysis through 0.5–1.0 cm Incision without Using Vascular Clamps?
Authors: Gajiwala Kalpesh J. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background A native arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is a gold standard for renal replacement therapy, where regular hemodialysis is the mainstay of survival in the majority of patients suffering from end-stage renal disease. Appropriate vascular clamps are routinely used to occlude an artery and a vein before an arteriotomy or a venotomy is done to prevent blood loss and have a clear field and an ease of anastomosis. The title makes one wonder, is it then possible to create an AVF without using vascular clamps? And through incisions as small as 0.5to 1.0 cm? This is made possible by a very simple new technique, presented here, that helps to occlude vessels to create an AVF through minimal access, and minimize blood loss and postoperative pain.
Material and Method Total 622 AVFs were created between 1998 and 2019. With regular forceps or an AVF platform (design given), an AVF was created without using a vascular clamp. Total 321 cases were operated with 0.5 to 1.0 cm and 215 cases within 1.5 cm skin incision approach.
Results There were ~85% successful functional fistulas. The blood loss was negligible, and only one in three required pain killer in postoperative period.
Conclusion A simple new technique described here makes it possible to create a functional AVF through a small incision, without using vascular clamps.
Partial Maxillectomy for the Improvement of Nasal Obstruction Can Be Combined with Septorhinoplasty
Authors: Weber Rainer K. , Giotakis Evangelos I. , Hildenbrand Tanja , Heppt Werner 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe describe the (anteromedial) partial maxillectomy technique which can be used to address impaired nasal breathing in cases of significant protrusion of the frontal process of the maxilla into the nasal cavity, narrowing the nasal pathway. It fits to nasal physiology avoiding mucosal resection. It can be combined with surgery of the inferior turbinate. The described technique can be used in all forms of rhinoplasty.
Idiopathic Moyamoya Disease Presenting as Isolated Hemichorea
Authors: Hamid Omer Abdul , Klimo Paul , Choudhri Asim F. , Shah Namrata 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe study aimed to describe a case of a 7-year-old Caucasian girl who developed isolated chorea in her right upper and lower extremities progressively increasing over 2 years. This study is a case report and conducted at tertiary care center. A 7-year-old Caucasian girl who gradually developed worsening choreiform movements in her right upper and lower extremities over the course of 2 years until medical attention was sought. Literature review of children presenting with chorea as the only manifestation in moyamoya disease. A 7-year-old right-handed Caucasian girl presented with progressively worsening choreiform movements in her right upper and lower extremities affecting her fine motor skills and gait impairment There was no weakness, hyperreflexia, or spasticity on her neurological exam. Neuroimaging studies showed “ivy sign,” asymmetric prominence of vessels within the subarachnoid spaces overlying the left cerebral hemisphere with corresponding serpiginous T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery abnormality, but no parenchymal volume loss or diffusion restriction. Magnetic resonance angiography showed focal moderate-to-severe stenosis at the junction of the paraophthalmic and supraclinoid segments of the left internal carotid artery, with poststenotic dilatation. Angiography demonstrated focal stenosis involving the ophthalmic segment of the left internal carotid artery with 50% stenosis. There was compensation through a medium sized left posterior communicating artery as well as posterior cerebral artery to middle cerebral artery and anterior cerebral artery collateralization. Brain single-photon emission computerized tomography scan showed no evidence of perfusion defects in the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, or thalami. She underwent successful revascularization procedure (left pial synangiosis) with resolution of her choreiform movements and normalization of her gait. Our case demonstrates that moyamoya disease should be suspected when evaluating a child with hemichorea and describes resolution of symptoms after revascularization surgery. Neuroimaging and vascular studies should be obtained in children with unilateral movement disorder.
Clinical Outcomes of Surgical Management of Primary Brachial Plexus Tumors
Authors: Gaba Sunil , Mohsina Subair , John Jerry R. , Tripathy Satyaswarup , Sharma Ramesh Kumar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction This study evaluates the clinical presentation, tumor characteristics, and clinical outcomes of surgically treated benign and malignant brachial plexus tumors (BPTs).
Methods A prospective study of patients with BPTs from June 2015 to August 2020 was conducted. All patients underwent surgical resection with microneurolysis and intraoperative electrical stimulation to preserve the functioning nerve fascicles.
Results Fourteen patients with 15 BPTs underwent surgical resection. Mean age was 37.8 ± 12.3 years; with male to female ratio 4:10. The clinical presentations were swelling (100%), pain (84.6%), and paresthesia (76.9%). The lesions involved roots (5/15), trunk (5/15), division (1/15), and cords (4/15). Thirteen patients had benign pathology (8 schwannomas, 3 neurofibromas, 2 lipomas) and two had malignant neurofibrosarcoma. Gross total resection was achieved in all cases except a dumbbell tumor. The mean follow-up period was 24 ± 5 months. Postoperatively, all patients reported improvement in pain and paresthesia with no new sensory deficit. All patients had developed initial motor weakness (Grades 2–4); however, full power (Grade 5) was recovered by 3 to 5 months.
Conclusion Total resection can be achieved by appropriate microneural dissection and electrophysiologic monitoring and is potentially curative with preserving function.
Post-CABG Deep Sternal Wound Infection: A Retrospective Comparative Analysis of Early versus Late Referral to a Plastic Surgery Unit in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Sahasrabudhe Parag B. , Pradhan Mugdha D. , Panse Nikhil , Jagtap Ranjit 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background Deep sternal wound infections (DSWI) following median sternotomy are initially treated by the cardiothoracic surgeons and are referred to a plastic surgical unit late in the course of time.
Methods This is a retrospective review done in a tertiary care teaching institute from January 2005 to June 2018 and the data of 72 patients who had DSWI out of 4,214 patients who underwent median sternotomy for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) was collected with respect to the duration between CABG and presentation of DSWI as well as time of referral to a plastic surgery unit. We defined early referral as < or equal to 15 days from presentation and late referral as > 15 days. Both groups were compared with respect to multiple parameters as well as early and late postoperative course, postoperative complications, and mortality.
Results The early group had 33 patients, while the late group had 39 patients. The number of procedures done by the cardiothoracic team before referral to the plastic surgery unit is significant (p = 0.002). The average duration from the presentation of DSWI to definitive surgery was found to be 16.58 days in the early group and 89.36 days in the late group. The rest of the variables that were compared in both the groups did not have significant differences.
Conclusion There is no statistical difference between early and late referral to plastic surgery in terms of mortality and morbidity. Yet, early referrals could lead to highly significant reduction in total duration of hospital stay, wound healing, and costs. Early referral of post-CABG DSWIs to Plastic surgeons by the cardiothoracic surgeons is highly recommended.
Spinal Arachnoiditis Ossificans: A Case-Based Update
Authors: Brunner Anna , Leoni Marlene , Eustacchio Sandro , Kurschel-Lackner Senta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractArachnoiditis ossificans is a rare disease, characterized by intradural ossifications, representing the end stage of chronic adhesive arachnoiditis. We describe the case of a 55-year-old patient who developed symptoms of a cauda equina syndrome after an open microdiscectomy at the L5 to S1 segment. A subsequent exploratory surgery revealed an intradural concentric bony structure with partly incorporated and partly adherent nerve roots. A partial removal of the intradural calcifications was performed. Postoperatively, the patient showed neurological improvement. The removed intradural calcifications were submitted for histological analysis and proved to be normal bone tissue, notably containing yellow bone marrow. To our knowledge, the presence of yellow bone marrow within bony cavities of arachnoiditis ossificans has not previously been reported.
Pediatric Miller Fisher Syndrome and Ocular Myasthenia Gravis (A Reminder of Clinical Mimicry): A Case Report
Authors: Barsoum Zakaria 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMiller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is a rare immune-mediated neuropathy that often presents with diplopia and bilateral external ophthalmoplegia. Other neurological deficits may occur such as ataxia and areflexia but not in all cases. Although MFS is a clinical diagnosis, serological confirmation is possible by identifying the anti-GQ1b antibody found in the majority of patients. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the availability of acetylcholine receptors in the neuromuscular junction. Ocular myasthenia gravis is a disease subtype characterized by variable patterns of weakness of extraocular muscles, eyelid elevator, and orbicular muscle in which the initial sign in most adults and children is ptosis. We report a child with MFS who presented with clinical signs suggestive of ocular myasthenia gravis, but in whom the correct diagnosis was made on the basis of serological testing for the anti-GQ1b antibody. We aim to highlight the similarity between the two rare conditions and address the importance of early liaison with neurologists and ophthalmologists in reaching to the proper diagnosis.
Black coal, thin ice: the discursive legitimisation of Australian coal in the age of climate change
Authors: Stutzer Roman , Rinscheid Adrian , Oliveira Thiago D. , Loureiro Pedro Mendes , Kachi Aya , Duygan Mert 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDespite mounting urgency to mitigate climate change, new coal mines have recently been approved in various countries, including in Southeast Asia and Australia. Adani’s Carmichael coal mine project in the Galilee Basin, Queensland (Australia), was approved in June 2019 after 9 years of political contestation. Counteracting global efforts to decarbonise energy systems, this mine will substantially increase Australia’s per capita CO2 emissions, which are already among the highest in the world. Australia’s deepening carbon lock-in can be attributed to the essential economic role played by the coal industry, which gives it structural power to dominate political dynamics. Furthermore, tenacious networks among the traditional mass media, mining companies, and their shareholders have reinforced the politico-economic influence of the industry, allowing the mass media to provide a venue for the industry’s outside lobbying strategies as well as ample backing for its discursive legitimisation with pro-coal narratives. To investigate the enduring symbiosis between the coal industry, business interests, the Australian state, and mainstream media, we draw on natural language processing techniques and systematically study discourses about the coal mine in traditional and social media between 2017 and 2020. Our results indicate that while the mine’s approval was aided by the pro-coal narratives of Queensland’s main daily newspaper, the Courier-Mail, collective public sentiment on Twitter has diverged significantly from the newspaper’s stance. The rationale for the mine’s approval, notwithstanding increasing public contestation, lies in the enduring symbiosis between the traditional economic actors and the state; and yet, our results highlight a potential corner of the discursive battlefield favourable for hosting more diverse arguments.
Modality across genres in Spanish as a heritage language
Authors: Magaña Dalia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Writers’ use of modality, an interpersonal linguistic resource commonly used for expressing probability, reveals key information about their claims. Most research on modality addresses L2 English learners, leaving a gap in research in advanced language development in other languages. This paper addresses this gap by studying how heritage language (HL) speakers of Spanish express doubt and probability in Spanish and how the lexicogrammatical features they use across genres reveal how they express these meanings. Drawing on Systemic Functional Linguistics and pragmatics, this study examines modality in 125 texts written in Spanish by HL students in the U.S., including narratives, expositions, article reviews, personal responses, and research papers. The results reveal that students use the most modality resources in personal responses and the least in reviews. This work offers insights about the interpersonal resources writers choose to express their argumentative stance and the socio-pragmatic competence in writing among HL students.
Architecture, aesthetics, class and library attendance: An overlooked threshold for visiting public libraries
Authors: Mathysen Dennis , Glorieux Ignace 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Several researchers have applied Bourdieu’s concept of habitus to studies regarding the experience of space and architecture, concluding that respondents often experience surroundings very differently, depending on their social class. Therefore, it can become problematic when public institutions opt for an architectural style that could discourage members of lower/working classes to visit. We believe this to be the case for public libraries, which are housed increasingly frequent in very abstract, iconic buildings. In this article, we present different analyses into this topic performed on data that was gathered in a large scale user survey in public libraries in Flanders and a literature review that explores both the subject of iconic architecture and the relationship between class, architecture and aesthetics.
Regulation of the order–disorder phase transition in a Cs2NaFeCl6 double perovskite towards reversible thermochromic application
Authors: Li Wenzhe , Rahman Naveed Ur , Xian Yeming , Yin Hang , Bao Yunkai , Long Yi , Yuan Songyang , Zhang Yangyi , Yuan Yaxuan , Fan Jiandong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Multifunctional lead-free double perovskites demonstrate remarkable potential towards applications in various fields. Herein, an environmentally-friendly, low-cost, high-throughput Cs2NaFeCl6 single crystal with exceedingly high thermal stability is designed and grown. It obtains a cubic lattice system in the temperature range of 80–500 K, accompanied by a completely reversible chromatic variation ranging from yellow to black. Importantly, the intriguing thermochromism is proved to own extremely high reproducibility (over 1000 cycles) without a hysteretic effect, originating from its structural flexibility that including (i) the noteworthy distortion/deformation of [NaCl6]5− and [FeCl6]3− octahedra; (ii) order–disorder arrangement transition of [NaCl6]5− and [FeCl6]3− octahedra as the function of temperature. This study paves the way towards a new class of smart windows and camouflage coatings with an unprecedented colour range based on a Cs2NaFeCl6 perovskite.
Urease inhibitors: opportunities for meeting EU national obligations to reduce ammonia emission ceilings by 2030 in EU countries
Authors: Hu Yuncai , Schmidhalter Urs 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Anthropogenic NH3 emissions, primarily from agriculture, have led to significant damage to human health and ecosystems. In the European Union (EU), the National Emission Ceilings (NEC) Directive 2016/2284/EU sets ambitious reduction targets by more than 30% for some countries by 2030 compared to 2005 levels. As urease inhibitors (UIs) can reduce the NH3 emission from urea by up to 70%, Germany has enforced their addition to granular urea by the national Fertilizer Ordinance since 2020. Therefore, this study investigates the implementation of UIs for urea fertilizers via national policy regulations to evaluate their contribution to achieving the 2030 targets in the EU countries. The results indicate that the contribution of UIs for countries with high reduction targets can reach 20%–60% of the required NEC reduction. The assessment of costs and benefits of UI implementation demonstrates that the ratio of benefits to costs can reach 70. Therefore, we recommend that adding UIs to urea fertilizers is one of the best strategies for mitigation of NH3 emissions not only in the EU but also in other regions such as China.
An efficient electrochemical sensor based on CeVO4-CuWO4nanocomposite for methyldopa
Authors: Halakoei Hadi , Ghalkhani Masoumeh , Sobhani-Nasab Ali , Rahimi-Nasrabadi Mehdi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA novel modified electrode based on cerium vanadate and copper tungstate (CeVO4-CuWO4) nanocomposite was prepared as a sensitive sensor for the methyldopa. The prepared nanocomposite was characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscope (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques were applied for the evaluation of the electrochemical performance of the sensor. The enhanced active surface area, electro-catalytic activity, and expedient conductivity provided by the CeVO4-CuWO4nanocomposite led to the peak current increment with a well-resolved anodic peak for methyldopa in the presence of potential interferences. The CeVO4-CuWO4nanocomposite-based modified electrode successfully measured methyldopa over a wide concentration range of 0.02–400μM with the low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.006μM. The findings of the methyldopa sensing in human serum samples verified the proper efficiency of the proposed sensor.