bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La première année de la vie
Authors: Gillot-de-Vries Francine , Wellemans-Camus Maggy , Candeur-Meyrant Simone 
Published: March 2021

Le présent travail vise à comparer les comportements et interactions mère-bébé observés le 4 e ou 5 e jour après la naissance, lors de la situation d’allaitement au sein, dans trois maternités différentes. L’une d’elles utilise des méthodes entourant la naissance dites traditionnelles (accouchement où l aspect médical domine, allaitement à « heure fixe », prise en charge préférentielle du bébé par le personnel soignant). Les deux autres maternités pratiquent des conditions susceptibles d’améliorer le climat des périodes pré-, néo – et post-natales (préparation prénatale tant physique que psychologique, bébé déposé sur le ventre de la maman dès après l’accouchement, mise au sein précoce, allaitement à la demande, place privilégiée de la mère et du père dans les soins au bébé). Les résultats obtenus montrent qu à la maternité traditionnelle, les mères plus centrées sur l’aspect technique de l’alimentation et les bébés « plus endormis » n ont que peu d’échanges interactionnels. Dans les deux autres maternités, en revanche, il existe une communication plus riche et variée entre les deux partenaires qui se module selon leurs caractéristiques personnelles et les critères institutionnels propres à chaque maternité.
La logique du désordre
Authors: Thiriot Céline 
Published: March 2021

Résumé Sociologie des crises politiques propose des outils intéressants pour l’analyse des transitions. Des chercheurs l’ont mobilisé pour étudier les transitions démocratiques africaines des années 1990 et y ont trouvé des pistes de compréhension permettant de dépasser les limites de la « transitologie ». Ces transitions africaines ont été analysées à travers le prisme des mobilisations multisectorielles et des conjonctures critiques, dans une perspective nouvelle replacée dans l’historicité du social et du politique. Cependant, la transposition de Sociologie des crises politiques aux terrains africains reste sélective et pose des questions de compatibilité et d’adaptabilité. Le concept de sectorisation, notamment, ajusté aux sociétés complexes occidentales, l’est de manière plus relative ailleurs.
Controverses climatiques, sciences et politique
Authors: McCright Aaron M. , Dunlap Riley E. , Lacroix Valérie 
Published: March 2021

Résumé	Les auteurs présentent d’abord dans ce chapitre une description schématique de la « machine du déni » en place aux États-Unis depuis déjà quelques décennies. Ce dispositif fait intervenir une série de fondations, organisations et campagnes, relativement spécifiques à ce pays. Les liens avec des milieux voulant freiner les régulations de l’industrie et des affaires y sont bien documentés. Le chapitre examine également, par des analyses de sondages d’opinion échelonnés dans le temps, les effets de ce type de campagnes et y décèlent une polarisation politique croissante autour du « climato-scepticisme ».
Gouverner (par) les finances publiques
Authors: Barrier Julien 
Published: March 2021

Résumé Quelle a été l’évolution des politiques de la recherche en France et quel rôle ont joué les programmes de financement sur projets dans la structuration des relations entre entreprises et laboratoires académiques ? À partir d’une enquête sur le secteur de l’électronique et des micro- et nanotechnologies, ce chapitre montre comment, entre le début des années 1980 et la fin des années 1990, ces politiques sont passées d’une logique de soutien à la production de stocks de connaissances académiques potentiellement mobilisables par l’industrie à une logique d’organisation des flux de connaissances entre laboratoires publics et entreprises. En mettant en évidence la combinaison de mécanismes de contrôle externe, d’autocontrôle et d’interdépendances croisées au sein de réseaux hybrides, il souligne que ces évolutions inscrivent beaucoup plus étroitement le travail des chercheurs dans des problématiques industrielles, redéfinissant ainsi les contours de leur autonomie professionnelle.
Mediterra 2016 : Zéro gaspillage en Méditerranée
Authors: Kalaïtzis Panagiotis , Bita Elena Craita , Hilmi Martin 
Published: March 2021

Résumé Selon de récentes estimations, les pertes et le gaspillage alimentaires représentent en Méditerranée un coût de plus de 50 milliards de dollars par an pour les producteurs. Ces pertes étant le plus souvent attribuées au manque d’infrastructures adaptées, il apparaît nécessaire de mettre rapidement en place des chaînes de valeur alimentaires « vertes » centrées sur les produits, les processus et les systèmes afin de répondre aux objectifs spécifiques de prévention, de réduction et de récupération. Dans ce contexte, les problématiques centrales de la gestion post-récolte doivent être traitées par la mise en œuvre de nouvelles technologies, telles que les emballages actifs et intelligents, les nanotechnologies, l’utilisation de capteurs, d’indicateurs et de solutions innovantes pour supprimer l’éthylène. Des investissements dans la R&D sont également indispensables pour initier l’écologisation des chaînes de valeur alimentaires, le défi principal étant de stimuler le développement d’infrastructures écologiques innovantes afin d’augmenter les exportations tout en assurant la sécurité alimentaire. Parce que ces questions participent de la sécurité alimentaire (et sanitaire), de l’atténuation du changement climatique, de la création d’emploi et de la lutte pour l’égalité des sexes, il devient urgent que les décideurs politiques et industriels s’en saisissent.
ARCHITETTURA MOLECOLARE DI FATTORI DI TRASCRIZIONE DEL DNA
Authors: Nardini Marco 
Published: March 2021

Transcription factors are proteins involved in one of the most important molecular processes in living cells: the expression of genes through a mechanism called “transcription”. Transcription factors, their structure, and function are the topic of the seminar which also includes an overview of the current level of knowledge, the potentialities and problems in this research field, and the possible applications.
Optimal Standardized Uptake Value Threshold for Auto contouring of Gross Tumor Volume using Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Patients with Operable Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Tibdewal Anil , Patil Mangesh , Misra Shagun , Purandare Nilendu , Rangarajan Venkatesh , Mummudi Naveen , Karimundackal George , Jiwnani Sabita , Agarwal Jaiprakash 
Published: March 2021

Purpose:
Incorporating 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) for gross tumor volume (GTV) delineation is challenging due to varying tumor edge based on the set threshold of the standardized uptake value (SUV). This study aims to determine an optimal SUV threshold that correlates best with the pathological tumor size.

Materials and Methods:
From January 2013 to July 2014, 25 consecutive patients of operable nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent staging18F-FDG-PET/CT before surgical resection were included in the test cohort and 12 patients in the validation cohort. GTVs were delineated on the staging PET/CT by automatic delineation using various percentage threshold of maximum SUV (SUVmax) and absolute SUV. The maximum pathological tumor diameter was then matched with the maximum auto-delineated tumor diameter with varying SUV thresholds. First-order linear regression and Bland–Altman plots were used to obtain an optimal SUV threshold for each patient. Three radiation oncologists with varying degrees of experiences also delineated GTVs with the visual aid of PET/CT to assess interobserver variation in delineation.

Results:
In the test set, the mean optimal percentage threshold for GTV was SUVmax of 35.6%±18.6% and absolute SUV of 4.35 ± 1.7. In the validation set, the mean optimal percentage threshold SUV and absolute SUV were 36.9 ± 16.9 and 4.1 ± 1.6, respectively. After a combined analysis of all 37 patients, the mean optimal threshold was 36% ± 17.9% and 4.27 ± 1.7, respectively. Using Bland–Altman plots, auto-contouring with 40% SUVmax and SUV 4 was in greater agreement with the pathological tumor diameter.

Conclusion:
Automatic GTV delineation on PETCT in NSCLC with percentage threshold SUV of 40% and absolute SUV of 4 correlated best with pathological tumor size. Auto-contouring using these thresholds will increase the precision of radiotherapy contouring of GTV and will save time.
Early Quantification of Salivary Gland Function after Radioiodine Therapy
Authors: Tanwar Karan Singh , Rana Nivedita , Mittal Bhagwant Rai , Bhattacharya Anish 
Published: March 2021

Purpose of the Study:
Radioiodine (I-131) is used as an effective noninvasive treatment for thyroid malignancies. Salivary gland is one of the most affected nontarget organs. The present study aims to perform early quantification of salivary gland function after I-131 therapy (RIT) for thyroid cancer considering I-131 down-scatter in the Tc-99m window.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 20 patients (6 males and 14 females) with differentiated thyroid carcinoma were enrolled in the study. Baseline dynamic salivary scintigraphy was performed in all patients using 185–370 MBq (5–10 mCi) Tc-99m pertechnetate. Posttherapy, salivary scintigraphy was performed 10–25 days after RIT in the range of 1.85–7.4 GBq (50–200 mCi). Time–activity curves obtained from the pre- and posttherapy dynamic salivary scintigraphy were used for semi-quantitative analysis. Uptake ratio (UR), ejection fraction (EF%), and maximum accumulation (MA%) were calculated by drawing regions of interest of individual parotid and submandibular glands over a composite image, after correcting for down-scatter from I-131 in the Tc-99m window. A paired t-test was used for comparison of the parameters obtained.

Results:
Significant changes were observed in UR and EF% of both parotid and submandibular glands (P < 0.05). No significant changes were found in the value of MA% of left parotid gland and both submandibular glands in the posttherapy scans in comparison to pretherapy scans (P > 0.05). However, significant difference was observed in the MA% of the right parotid gland (P = 0.025).

Conclusion:
Salivary gland function was found to deteriorate after RIT, with the parotid glands affected more than the submandibular glands.
A Clinicopathologic Study of Placentae of Low Birth Weight and Normal Birth Weight Babies Born at a Tertiary Care Center in Western India
Authors: Sharma Manish , Bhatia Jasvinder Kaur , Malik Ajay 
Published: March 2021

Context:
Low birth weight (LBW) of newborn is associated with various clinical parameters as well as with placental pathology.

Aims:
This study aims to assess and compare the clinical parameters and placental pathology in LBW infants with normal infants.

Subjects and Methods:
Thirty-four placentae of full-term babies weighing <2.5 kg were taken as cases and 34 placentae of newborns weighing more than 2.5 kg were taken as controls. Clinical data parity, maternal age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), mode of delivery, and period of gestation were collected. Gross examination, placental parameters: attachment of cord, placental dimensions, placental weight, infarction, and hematoma were noted. Sections were studied for accelerated villous maturation (syncytial knots), developmental villous capillary lesion (chorangiosis), acute infectious inflammatory lesions (chorioamnionitis), chronic infectious inflammatory lesions (stromal fibrosis), and other placental processes (massive perivillous fibrin deposition [MPVFD], fibrinoid necrosis, atherosis, and calcification).

Statistical Analysis:
Chi-square test and logistic regression were performed on dichotomous variables with SPSS 20 to find association. Quantitative variables were analyzed by Unpaired T-test and Mann–Whitney's test for significance. P < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.

Results:
The mean maternal age (26.7 years) was higher (P = 0.039) than controls (24.8 years); mean maternal weight (P = 0.14)], BMI (P = 0.029), and period of gestation (P = 0.0) were lower in cases than in controls. Cases and controls showed significant difference in eccentric attachment of umbilical cord (61.76% vs. 32.35%, [P = 0.015*]). On microscopy cases showed significant MPFD (P = 0.015*). A significantly higher stromal fibrosis (P = 0.028), atherosis (P = 0.024), ST knots (P = 0.012), and chorangiosis (58.82% vs. 26.47% [P = 0.007]) were noted in cases.

Conclusions:
We conclude that all placentas should be examined thoroughly to look for associated characteristic histomorphologic and gross findings which reflect hypoxia and decreased maternal fetal nutrient transfer.
Profile of Internet Addiction, Anxiety, and Depression in Patients of Mixed Anxiety and Depressive Disorders
Authors: Verma Rishab , Kaur Darpan , Ghildiyal Rakesh 
Published: March 2021

Background:
The Internet plays a very valuable role in knowledge, learning, and skills enhancement. There is scarce literature regarding the profile of internet addiction (IA) in patients of mixed anxiety and depressive disorders among developing countries.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to assess the profile of IA, anxiety, and depression in patients of mixed anxiety and depressive disorders.

Methodology:
This study was conducted at the Department of Psychiatry, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India. Inclusion criteria comprised adult patients who were diagnosed with ICD 10 diagnostic criteria for mixed anxiety and depressive disorder, having access to the internet, and willing to participate in the study. Patients not having access to the internet and not willing to participate were excluded from the study. The patients were assessed using the IA test (IAT), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A). Informed consent and Institutional Ethics Committee Clearance was obtained. Data were analyzed biostatistically.

Results:
Our sample size of n = 60 comprised 60% (n = 36) males and 40% (n = 24) females. The mean age of the sample was 32.6 years. Majority of patients came from the semi-urban area. The mean HAM-D score of the sample was 18.96 and the mean score HAM-A score was 20.2. The mean score of IAT was 34.7.

Conclusions:
We conclude that the IA is prevalent in patients with mixed anxiety and depressive disorders and clinical rating scales can provide additional symptom profiles for anxiety and depression.
Fostering Interest in and Motivation for STEM: An Illustrative Case Study of Middle Grade Students’ Experiences in Out of School (OST) STEM Activities
Authors: Hite Rebecca , Taylor David 
Published: March 2021

To not only build a knowledgeable, but also a persistent STEM pipeline, it is important to understand how Outside of (regular) School Time (OST) STEM opportunities spur middle school students’ learning, yet also their interests in and motivations for STEM. The purpose of this study was to investigate the experiences of a small group of independent (private) middle school students’ interest in and motivation for STEM while participating in one or two OST STEM activities (i.e., SeaPerch/robotics, Science Olympiad, Girls Who Code, and/or eCYBERMISSION). Using an illustrative experimental single case study design, data was sourced from observations, a questionnaire, and interviews from 15 independent (private) middle school students participating in one (or two) 13- to 16-week OST STEM activities. Results suggest that sources of student interest and motivation related to OST STEM activities were mostly (representing 30% of data coded) sourced from students’ self-motivation and intrinsic interests in STEM, followed by teachers (20%), the enjoyment of (OST) STEM activities content (20%), family (10%), friends (10%), and other supportive persons and entities (outside of school, family, and friends) (1%). Recommendations for strengthening OST STEM activity participation and outcomes as well as avenues for further research are discussed.
MOTIVASI BONUS PLAN DALAM FRAUDELENT FINANCIAL STATEMENT
Authors: Adhikara MF. Arrozi 
Published: March 2021

This study to examine the elements of fraud in the Pentagon fraud theory indetecting fraudulent financial statements. Fraud pentagon is proxied by six variables consisting of two elements of pressure (financial target and external pressure), one variable from element opportunity (ineffective monitoring), one variable from element rationalization (change in auditor), one variable from capability element (change in directors) ), and one variable from the arrogance element (number of CEO's pictures) hypothesized to affect fraudulent financial statements. F-Score is used to determine the fraudulent financial statement with bonus plan based earnings management as an intervening variable. This study with a sample of 35 companies was selected using a purposive sampling method from delisting companies in the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 20092016. Hypothesis testing uses a path analysis to test the Effects of Pressure, Opportunity, Rationalization, Competence, and Arrogance Against the Fraudulent Financial Statement with Earning Management Based on Bonus Plans as Intervening Variables on Companies Delisting on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2009-2016.The results showed that ROA, DER, RKI had a positive effect on earnings management. While earnings management has a negative effect on fraudulent financial statements. DER and CEO have a negative effect on fraudulent financial statements and CPA has a positive effect on fraudulent financial statements.Â Keywords : fraudulent financial statement, pressure, opportunity,Â rationalization, competence, arrogance, earning management, bonus plan
Estar aqui, estar lá... O retorno dos emigrantes valadarenses ou a construção de uma identidade transnacional?
Authors: Assis Gláucia de Oliveira 
Published: March 2021

Os fenômenos migratórios contemporâneos, devido à sua complexidade e implicações políticas, econômicas, sociais e culturais, constituem-se numa questão relevante para as ciências sociais neste final de século? [...]
Redes sociais na migração
Authors: Dornelas Sidnei Marco 
Published: March 2021

Esta reflexão tem por base um primeiro texto que serviu como instrumento de trabalho num encontro de formação de agentes atuantes na pastoral dos migrantes, organizado pelo Serviço Pastoral dos Migrantes (SPM)1. Na ocasião, o tema “redes sociais de migrantes” foi objeto de estudo, levando a um debate muito fecundo, o que possibilitou desenvolver este artigo, que visa levantar alguns questionamentos em relação a essa temática, percebida como cada vez mais importante na atuação dos agentes pastorais junto aos migrantes. Na verdade, existe uma necessidade de que a realidade das redes seja melhor esclarecida e aprofundada, melhorando assim a aproximação dos agentes em relação aos migrantes, e conseqüentemente, a sua organização comunitária, sócio-cultural e política. [...]
Dicotomías, identificaciones y migraciones en las Américas
Authors: Chiarello Leonir Mário 
Published: March 2021

Este artículo analiza el rol de las migraciones en identificaciones dicotómicas entre América del Norte y América Latina. Considerando las migraciones internacionales como factores y, al mismo tiempo, consecuencia de las narrativas histórico-culturales dicotómicas entre América del Norte y América Latina, el artículo concentra su análisis en tres momentos históricos específicos durante los cuales las migraciones internacionales y las identificaciones dicotómicas interactuaron en forma más evidente: a) fines del siglo XIX, cuando ingresaron significativos contingentes de migrantes europeos al continente americano, b) siglo XX, cuando Estados Unidos se convirtió en el nuevo “Norte” de la migración continental, y c) el periodo actual, en el que los inmigrantes latinoamericanos residentes en Estados Unidos son percibidos como una amenaza para la seguridad nacional y cultural.
Isolation of Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus Aureus in Surface Water Sources in Katabi Subcounty, Wakiso District.
Authors:   , Mabonga Habert 
Published: March 2021

Background: Unsafe water, inadequate sanitation, and insufficient hygiene account for an estimated 9.1 percent of the global burden of disease and 6.3 percent of all deaths. This study aimed to isolate Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus in surface water sources in Katabi Subcounty, Wakiso District. The specific objectives were to isolate E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus in water sources in the Katabi sub-county and to determine the physico-chemical parameters of the water sources. Methodology: A cross-sectional and snowball sampling method was applied while collecting water samples from the wells, boreholes, and other groundwater in the selected areas of Wakiso District (Katabi division, and Kajjasi division). Results: A total of 34 (n=34) water samples were obtained including borehole water 61.8% (n1=21/34), spring water 11.8% (n2=4/34) and open well water 26.4% (n3=9/34). Freshwater samples were directly analyzed from the water source for pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen, then different means of physic-chemical parameters were recorded, Mean temperature for open well water was 23.5°C±1.092, pH=5.21±0.432, and dissolved oxygen was 4.075±1. 555). The mean temperature for spring water was 22.98°C±0.907, pH=5.7± 0.781, and dissolved oxygen was 4.075±1.555. For borehole water, the mean temperature was 22.9°C±1.339, pH=5.7±1.441, and dissolved oxygen was 4.9±1.549). A total of 10 samples fermented MSA after overnight incubation at 37°C changing the media color from pink to yellow, borehole water samples were 60% (6), spring water samples were 20% (2) and open well water samples were 20% (2). Also, S. saprophyticus 76.9% (10) and S.epidermidis 23.1% (3) were identified. Conclusion and recommendation: All the samples analyzed did not show growth of E.coli and S.aureus but had other organisms including S.saprophyticus and S.epidermidis which could be harmful to human health when consumed. Further investigation of possible pathogenic organisms that are present in drinking water under the acidic pH should be done.
In Vitro Anti-Microbial Activity of Aqueous and Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Justicia flava and Tephrosia vogelii that grows in Uganda.
Authors:   , MASETE GEORGE ALFRED 
Published: March 2021

Background: Medicinal plants and plant-derived medicines are increasingly becoming popular in modern society as natural alternatives to synthetic chemicals due to increased resistance to drugs by microbes. There is a need to search for new active compounds to validate the medicines used traditionally. The study was carried out on the aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of Justicia flava and Tephrosia vogeli, to determine their antimicrobial and phytochemical profiles. Method The agar well diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar plates, to determine the diameters of the antibacterial inhibition zones of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts on standard bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella spp was conducted. Results Ethanol extract of Justicia flava showed activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa and no activity on Salmonella spp. The aqueous extract had no activity on any of the three bacteria. However, both the aqueous and ethanol extract of T. vogelii showed activity on the test microbes used, and the highest activity was seen with Salmonella spp. For minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), J. flava, P. aeruginosa had the highest value of 500mg/ml and S. aureus showed the lowest value of 250mg/ml whereas, with the aqueous extract of T. vogelii, P. aeruginosa showed the highest MIC value of 165mg/ml and Salmonella spp the lowest of 41.25mg/ml. However, Salmonella showed a high value (300mg/ml) with the ethanol extract and S. aureus the lowest (75mg/ml). The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, terpenoids, tannins, phenolics, and reducing sugars. Conclusion and recommendations: This study showed that Justicia flava and Tephrosia vogelii possess antimicrobial activity and are therefore potential candidates for combating bacterial infections, especially those accelerated by S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and Salmonella species.