bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From helmets to face masks: how collective emotions sustain diaspora mobilization from homeland uprising to global pandemic among the Hong Kongers
Authors: Wong Kennedy Chi-Pan 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
Diasporic mobilization studies often incorporate collective emotions into the discussion of movement strategies, less we knew about how emotion becomes the language by which they communicate collective responsibility after the protests. The purpose of this paper is to draw from participant observation research to explore how diasporas construct the language of collective emotions to sustain their commitment to the transnational mobilization project during and after the homeland protests.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on ten months of participant observations in the USA, the author observed how members in a Hong Kong diaspora group, Black Bauhinia Society (BBS), transform their project from a transnational protective gear sourcing action during the Hong Kong Anti-Extradition Bill Movement into a global medical personal protective equipment (PPE) sourcing action during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Findings
During homeland uprising, BBS recruits participants using a set of compassion language that encompasses the suffering stories of homeland dissidents and the members’ expression of guiltiness for staying afar. The compassion talk reinforces the transnational ties between BBS members and Hong Kong dissidents over the process of resource mobilization. When the homeland movement ceased during the pandemic, BBS transformed their compassion talk to politicize charitable actions and recruit volunteers and donors to source PPE for Hong Kong.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the emerging discussion on how diaspora mobilizes after the protest by showing how the language of collective emotion cultivates commitments and sustain collective identity after the protests.
Species mixture effects and climate influence growth, recruitment and mortality in Interior West USAPopulus tremuloides‐conifer communities
Authors: Looney Christopher E. , Previant Wilfred J. , Bradford John B. , Nagel Linda M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTree‐species mixture effects (e.g. complementarity and facilitation) have been found to increase individual‐tree productivity, lessen mortality and improve recruitment in forests worldwide. By promoting more efficient and complete resource use, mixture effects may also lessen individual‐tree‐level water stress, thus improving drought resistance. We investigated the influence of mixture effects on tree productivity, mortality and recruitment across broad compositional and moisture gradients in high‐elevation Interior West US mixed‐conifer communities, wherePopulus tremuloides(trembling aspen) is the major contributor to functional diversity. Our goal was to provide a more complete scientific foundation for managing these drought‐prone, fire‐excluded systems under an uncertain climate.We used landscape‐scale national forest inventory data to examine mixture effects onP. tremuloidesand the major associated conifer species,Pseudotsuga menziesii,Pinus contorta,Abies lasiocarpaandPicea engelmannii. Using generalized linear mixed modelling, we isolated the influences ofP. tremuloidesrelative density and climate on tree‐level (stems ≥ 12.7 cm DBH) growth, mortality and stand‐level recruitment (presence/absence of new trees). Cold‐season precipitation (PPT) and warm‐season vapour pressure deficit (VPD) served to represent soil moisture supply and demand, respectively.Populus tremuloidesgrowth declined as interspecific density increased. In contrast,Pinus contortaandA. lasiocarpagrowth increased withP. tremuloidesdensity. For all species exceptA. lasiocarpaandP. menziesii,growth increased under higher PPT and VPD.Populus tremuloidesmortality increased under high VPD but not with interspecific relative density. We found limited evidence thatA. lasiocarpamortality decreased asP. tremuloidesdensity increased.Populus tremuloidesrecruitment declined steeply above 25% interspecific relative density. We found a decline in conifer recruitment odds asP. tremuloidesdensity increased, ranging from strong inP. contortato insubstantial inP. engelmannii.Synthesis. Our findings have implications for sustaining mixed‐conifer communities impacted by climate change and historical fire exclusion. Mixtures ofP. tremuloidesand conifers may improve conifer growth while adversely impactingP. tremuloidesgrowth relative to pure stands. Higher conifer productivity combined with lowerP. tremuloidesrecruitment at high conifer relative density may accelerate succession.
The Impact of Institutions on Collaborative Innovations and the Role of Equity‐Based Entry Modes
Authors: Sena Vania , Marra Marianna , Demirbag Mehmet , Lubrano Lavadera Giuseppe 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of institutional variables on multinational enterprises’ choice between majority and minority acquisitions in their foreign affiliates and how this choice influences their propensity to collaborate with local firms. Using the institutional theory and the transaction costs theory, we develop a number of hypotheses. In particular, we suggest that majority acquisitions will be more likely than minority acquisitions and greenfields to enter collaborative R&D projects in countries that belong to the Civil Law/Eastern European legal tradition, or countries where the protection of minority shareholders is poor. These hypotheses are tested using an unbalanced panel of subsidiaries controlled by British multinationals, located in 39 countries. The results confirm our theoretical predictions.
Embedded rationality and the contextualisation of critical thinking
Authors: McGuirk James 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The present article addresses the question of whether, and to what extent, critical thinking should make attunement to current social and political landscapes central to its practice. I begin by outlining what I consider to be the basic positions in the debate about the political contextualisation of critical thinking, which are referred to as the crypto-Enlightenment and the critical pedagogical models. I argue, on the basis of various strands of research, that there is a prima facie case to be made in favour of the critical pedagogical position that favours forefronting the social and political context of critical thinking and thinking in general. I then draw attention, however, to problems of coherence and justification in the critical pedagogical position, before turning, finally, to an alternative grounding of critical thinking that takes seriously the historical and social contextualisation of thinking without the coherence problems of critical pedagogy. My conclusion is that while the critical pedagogical model is right to point to the fatal incompleteness of Enlightenment-style critical thinking due to its failure to properly acknowledge the norm-saturated nature of historical consciousness, critical pedagogy itself fails to offer a coherent alternative to the problem of integrating value and rationality in a more full-blown grounding of critical thinking. I suggest that a hermeneutical model that integrates the rational, axiological and historical moments in consciousness provides a more satisfying foundation for understanding the trajectory and purpose of critical thinking.
Blood pressure, inflammation, and quality of life in patients treated with different renal replacement therapies
Authors: Altun Eda , Paydas Saime , Kaya Bülent , Balal Mustafa , Seydaoğlu Gülsah 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOur aim was to determine the relationship between the modality of renal replacement therapy and inflammation markers, BP control, and quality of life (QoL). Sixteen hemodialysis, 17 peritoneal dialysis patients, and 27 kidney transplant receivers (KTr) have been included in this study. Short Form‐36 (SF‐36) for the evaluation of QoL and ambulatory BP monitoring were performed on the same day. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP, IL‐6, and IL‐10 were measured. While the mean IL‐10, IL‐6, and CRP levels were the highest in the dialysis groups, there were no significantly differences any parameters for all groups. QoL was better in the KTr almost as in healthy controls but worse in the dialysis patients. It should be taken into account that hypertension may occur at night even if the daytime BP is normal in KTr.
Significance of tumor mutation burden and immune infiltration in thymic epithelial tumors
Authors: Wang Zi‐Ming , Xu Qi‐Rong , Kaul David , Ismail Mahmoud , Badakhshi Harun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThymic epithelial tumors (TETs) are relatively rare malignant thoracic tumors. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) and immune infiltration play important roles in tumorigenesis.MethodsResearch data was obtained using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to evaluate the landscape of tumor mutations, related factors, and relationship of prognosis. The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to evaluate immune cell infiltration in TETs and its relationship with TMB. Immune‐related differentially expressed genes (irDEGs) were identified. Hub irDEGs independently related to prognosis were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. A survival signature was constructed from hub irDEGs.ResultsA total of 122 patients were included in this study. GTF2I was the most common gene mutation. Higher TMB was significantly associated with the later stage, more advanced pathological type, and older age. The overall survival (OS) of patients in the low‐TMB group was significantly better. There was no significant correlation between TMB levels and PD‐L1 expression. Enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were mainly involved in the P13K–Akt signaling pathway. There were significant differences in macrophage and other types of immune cell infiltration between the high‐ and low‐TMB groups. CCR5, FASLG, and CD79A independently relating to prognosis were screened from 391 irDEGs. The low‐risk group had a significantly better prognosis than the high‐risk group based on the signature, which has a good predictive effect on OS.ConclusionsIn this study, TETs patients with high TMB had a significantly poor prognosis and an immune‐related gene signature was found to effectively evaluate the long‐term prognosis.
The association of Medicare Part D prior authorization for buprenorphine–naloxone with adherence to opioid use disorder treatment guidelines in the United States
Authors: Parish William J. , Mark Tami L. , Zarkin Gary A. , Weber Ellen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimsTo assess differences in the quality of opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment received by Medicare beneficiaries enrolled in health plans that used prior authorization (PA) for buprenorphine–naloxone compared with those enrolled in plans that did not use PA.Design, Setting and ParticipantsCross‐sectional observational study, United States. Continuously enrolled beneficiaries (71 294) with an OUD who filled at least one prescription for buprenorphine–naloxone between March 2012 and July 2017.MeasurementsPercentage of patients tested for hepatis B, hepatis C, HIV and liver functioning; percentage of patients with urine drug screens and number of urine drug screens; continuous use of buprenorphine–naloxone for at least 180 days; co‐use of benzodiazepines; number of outpatient visits with and without an OUD diagnosis.FindingsPA was significantly associated with a lower likelihood of testing for hepatitis B [−3.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −4.4, −2.7] and C (−5.9, 95% CI = −6.9, −4.9), but the findings were inconclusive as to whether or not there was a difference in HIV (−1.1, 95% CI = −2.5, 0.4) or liver function testing (1.3, 95% CI = −0.1, 2.7). PA was associated with a lower likelihood of urine drug screening (−25.5, 95% CI = −26.8, −24.1) and with fewer drug screens (−2.5, 95% CI = −3.0, −2.1). Findings were inconclusive as to whether or not there was a difference in continuous use of buprenorphine–naloxone (0.3, 95% CI = −1.2, 1.8). PA was associated with fewer outpatient visits (−2.1, 95% CI = −3.0, −1.2) and fewer outpatient visits with an OUD diagnosis (−1.7, 95% CI = −2.1, −1.3). PA was associated with a lower likelihood of filling benzodiazepine prescriptions before and after buprenorphine–naloxone induction (−28.9, 95% CI = −29.6, −28.3) but a greater likelihood of only using benzodiazepines after buprenorphine–naloxone induction (10.6, 95% CI = 9.3, 11.8).ConclusionsUS Medicare patients subject to prior authorization for buprenorphine–naloxone are not more likely to receive high‐quality treatment for opioid use disorder than patients not subject to prior authorization.
Crop prices, farm incomes, and food security during the COVID‐19 pandemic in India: Phone‐based producer survey evidence from Haryana State
Authors: Ceballos Francisco , Kannan Samyuktha , Kramer Berber 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn March 2020, India declared a nationwide lockdown in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic. Such restrictions on mobility interrupted the normal functioning of agricultural value chains. For a sample of 1767 tomato and wheat producers in the state of Haryana, we study to what extent the lockdown limited access to inputs, labor, machinery, and markets to produce, harvest, and sell their crops. We quantify crop income reductions during the first months of the lockdown and analyze to what extent these are associated with borrowing and food insecurity. We find that wheat producers, for whom state‐led procurement guaranteed market access at fixed prices, suffered minimal declines in income. For tomato producers—an already more vulnerable population—income fell by 50% relative to their expected income in a normal year, largely due to a steep fall of tomato prices as they shifted from wholesale markets to local retail markets, resulting in a sharp increase in local supply. Relative to wheat producers affected by the lockdown, reduced income for tomato producers was associated with an increase in borrowing and reduced food security. We conclude that targeting producers of crops that face substantial price risk and introducing policies that stabilize market prices are important in efforts to aid recovery and build resilience of smallholder farmers.
Imperial Governance and the Growth of Legislative Power in America
Authors: Gailmard Sean 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe power of assemblies in the British new world grew far beyond the bounds intended at their creation. Although the British crown instructed royal governors to use legal powers to restrain assemblies, they were unsuccessful. I develop a formal model to account for this. In this model colonial assemblies can challenge the agenda setting powers of colonial governors. “Strong” governors withstand these challenges easily; “weak” ones prefer to capitulate. The crown wishes to retain only strong governors; however, it observes only policy outcomes but not the resolution of challenges to the governor's agenda power. In equilibrium, the crown cannot distinguish between a strong governor holding agenda power against a tough assembly, and a weak governor conceding agenda power to a moderate one. Weak governors therefore avoid conflict with the assembly, yet conceal their weakness from the crown. But the assembly observes the governor's concessions, and challenges weak governors even more in the future. This creates a dynamic path of growing assembly power. The model provides a strategic logic of endogenous institutional change, and one of the most important institutional developments in American history: the growth of legislative power.
Flying on wood and fabric: The tree species used for the construction of the Ansaldo A.1 “Balilla” biplane (1918)
Authors: Bernabei Mauro , Capra Neva , Giovannini Lucia , Tomasi Maria Luisa 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Ansaldo A.1 “Balilla” biplane is of great historical interest, because it illustrates the level of development reached by the Italian aircraft industry during the last stages of World War I. To date, the airplane is kept in its original state, and it has never been restored. The aircraft is essentially made of wood and fabric. Wood in particular has been used in a very skilful way, making the airplane lightweight, yet elastic and resistant. In this work, the entire wooden structure of the aircraft was analysed, and the tree species were microscopically identified. Species belonging to six different genera have been identified. We found spruce in the frame, elm in the wing ribs, walnut in the propeller, alder in various plywood layers, rosewood in the outer layer of the decorative plywood, and pine in the tail rudder. The main structure of the aircraft was made of spruce, most likely a Sitka spruce, which was widely used for aircraft construction. The Ansaldo A.1 “Balilla” biplane is an excellent example of the wise use of wood before the revolution upon the boost in synthetic materials and represents an important historical and cultural heritage.
VLX1570 induces apoptosis through the generation of ROS and induction of ER stress on leukemia cell lines
Authors: Kurozumi Nami , Tsujioka Takayuki , Ouchida Mamoru , Sakakibara Kanae , Nakahara Takako , Suemori Shin‐ichiro , Takeuchi Masaki , Kitanaka Akira , Shibakura Misako , Tohyama Kaoru 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA novel proteasome deubiquitinase inhibitor, VLX1570, has been highlighted as a promising therapeutic agent mainly for lymphoid neoplasms and solid tumors. We examined in vitro effects of VLX1570 on eight myeloid and three lymphoid leukemia cell lines. From cell culture studies, 10 out of 11 cell lines except K562 were found to be susceptible to VLX1570 treatment and it inhibited cell growth mainly by apoptosis. Next, to identify the signaling pathways associated with apoptosis, we performed gene expression profiling using HL‐60 with or without 50 nmol/L of VLX1570 for 3 hours and demonstrated that VLX1570 induced the genetic pathway involved in “heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) activation”, “HSF1 dependent transactivation”, and “Regulation of HSF1 mediated heat shock response”. VLX1570 increased the amount of high molecular weight polyubiquitinated proteins and the expression of HSP70 as the result of the suppression of ubiquitin proteasome system, the expression of heme oxygenase‐1, and the amount of phosphorylation in JNK and p38 associated with the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced apoptosis and the amount of phosphorylation in eIF2α, inducing the expression of ATF4 and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress dependent apoptosis protein, CHOP, and the amount of phosphorylation slightly in IRE1α, leading to increased expression of XBP‐1s in leukemia cell lines. In the present study, we demonstrate that VLX1570 induces apoptosis and exerts a potential anti‐leukemic effect through the generation of ROS and induction of ER stress in leukemia cell lines.
Association between periodontal disease and oral cancer screening among US adults: NHANES 2011‐2014
Authors: Naavaal Shillpa , Garcia Dina T. , Deng Xiaoyan , Bandyopadhyay Dipankar 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo examine oral cancer screening rates and associated factors among adults with periodontal disease (PD). We hypothesized that adults with severe PD will be less likely to report receipt of any type of oral cancer screening than adults with no PD.Materials and MethodsWe used 2011‐2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data on adults ≥30 years. PD status was classified as no PD, mild/moderate PD and severe PD. Survey‐adjusted logistic regression analysis was used to examine the model adjusted risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the outcome of not receiving intraoral, extraoral or both types of oral cancer screenings among adults with PD. Control variables included age, sex, race/ethnicity, health insurance, education, income level, smoking status, alcohol use and last dental visit.ResultsThe analytic sample included 6962 adults weighted to the national population of adults who had a periodontal examination during 2011‐2014. Overall, 31.5%, 26.8% and 20.9% of adults reported receipt of intraoral, extraoral and both types of oral cancer screening, respectively. Almost 40% of adults had some form of PD (7.6% severe and 32.4% mild/moderate PD). A higher proportion of 45‐64‐year‐olds, males, non‐Hispanic Blacks, those with less than high school education, with income level less than 200% federal poverty level, or those with no insurance had severe PD than no PD. In adjusted analyses, adults with severe PD were significantly more likely to report no receipt of intraoral (RR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.12‐1.40), extraoral (RR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.07‐1.27) or both types of oral cancer screenings (RR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.10‐1.27) than those with no PD.ConclusionsSignificantly low proportion of adult's age ≥30 years with severe PD reported receiving any type of oral cancer screening. The association between PD and risk of oral cancers points to the need to improve oral cancer screening rates among adults with PD.
Pancreas transplantation for cystic fibrosis: A frequently missed opportunity
Authors: Fridell Jonathan A. , Bozic Molly A. , Ulrich Benjamin J. , Lutz Andrew J. , Powelson John A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder. Despite optimized therapy, the majority of affected individuals ultimately die of respiratory failure. As patients with CF are living longer, extra‐pulmonary manifestations may develop including pancreatic failure, which manifests as exocrine insufficiency, and CF‐related diabetes (CFRD). Both of these can be managed through pancreas transplantation. Pancreas transplantation is usually performed in combination with another organ, most often with a kidney transplant for end‐stage diabetic nephropathy. In the CF patient population, the two settings where inclusion of a pancreas transplant should be considered would be in combination with a lung transplant for CF pulmonary disease, or in combination with a liver for CF‐related liver disease with cirrhosis. This report will discuss this topic in detail, including a review of the literature regarding combinations of lung/pancreas and liver/pancreas transplant.