bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, Syntheses and Antitumor Activities Evaluation of 1,5-diaryl Substituted Pyrazole Secnidazole Ester Derivatives
Authors: Teng Qing-Hu , Sun Gui-Xia , Luo Shu-Ying , wang kai , Liang Fu-Pei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
According to the drug hybridization principle, a series of novel 1,5-diaryl substituted pyrazole secnidazole ester derivatives (6aa-6gc) have been synthesized by the combinations of various 1,5-diarylpyrazole-3-carboxylic acids with secnidazole. The in vitro antitumor/cytotoxicities activities against tumor and normal cell lines, including NCI-H460 (lung tumor cell), MCG-803 (gastric tumor cell), Skov-3 (ovarian tumor cell), BEL-7404 (liver tumor cell) and HL-7702 (normal liver cell), have been evaluated using MTT assay. All compounds showed promising inhibitory activities against four tumor cell lines. The IC50 of 6bc against the BEL-7404 cell was 2.03 μM, and those of 6fc against the NCI-H460, MCG-803 and Skov-3 were 1.34, 0.14 and 0.87 μM, respectively. All these values were much lower than those of the cisplatin. Furthermore, 6fc and 6bc were also verified to be considerable safe for normal human liver cell, since the lower IC50 values than cisplatin. Based on these results, the cell cycle analysis, apoptosis ratio detection, and mitochondrial membrane potential assay of 6fc and 6bc were further performed aiming to investigate their inhibition mechanism of BEL-7404 cells. It is revealed that they have effectively inhibited the cell growth by arresting the BEL-7404 cells at S phase and induced apoptosis through the mitochondria-mediated pathway.
Foliar-applied Silicon and its Nanoparticles Stimulates Physio-chemical Changes to Improve Growth, Yield and Active Constituents of Coriander (Coriandrum Sativum L.) Essential oil Under Different Irrigation Regimes
Authors: Afshari Minoo , Pazoki Alireza , Sadeghipour Omid 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose Silicon (Si) plays beneficial role in alleviating biotic and abiotic stresses but comparative investigations with Si nanoparticles (Si-NPs) under water restriction on medicinal plants is not recognized. The aim of this study was to observe the Si and Si-NPs effects on growth, physio-chemical attributes, and essential oil (EO) profile in aerial parts of coriander (coriandrum sativum L.) under water stress. Methods A split-plot experiment was conducted with irrigation regimes (irrigation after 60, 90, and 120 mm evaporation from Class A pan) in the main plots and foliar application of Si (in the form of Na2SiO3) and Si-NPs in the subplots during 2019 and 2020. Results The results represented drought particularly severe stress decreased biological yield and relative water content (RWC) but increased total soluble sugar (TSS). Both Si and Si-NPs improved plant growth and yield through improved RWC, TSS, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). Moderate drought stress with Si-NPs was highly effective on TPC, TFC, EO percentage and yield. The main EO constitutes were n-Decanal (20.8-27.6%), 2E-Dodecanal (13.3-16.7%), 2E-Decanal (13.9-18.7%), 2E-Tridecen-1-al (7.3-10.5%), Dodecanal (7.2-10.6%), and n-Nonane (4.3-8.7%). Heat map analysis (HMA) showed foliar application of Si and Si-NPs were significantly distinguished from control treatment, which was mainly explained by EO yield and TFC attributes. Conclusion Foliar-applied Si-NPs was the rapidly and highly effective practice to reach the optimum antioxidant capacity and EO yield of coriander plants when experience moderate drought stress.
Nutrient and Stoichiometric Characteristics of Underground Fissures Soil in Karst Rocky Desertification Regions
Authors: Cen Longpei , Dai Quanhou , Yan Youjin , Hu Gang , Jiao Quan , Yi Xingsong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Aims Underground fissure soil is an important soil resource in karst rocky desertification area, but there are few reports on its physical and chemical properties and soil ecological stoichiometry. This study aims at investigating the physicochemical properties, nutrient content and stoichiometric characteristics of subsurface fissured soils in karst areas, which will help to understand their intrinsic linkage mechanisms and provide a scientific basis for making full use of fissured soils.Methods Typical karst fissures were selected through a combination of field investigation and in-laboratory analysis, and soil physicochemical properties were determined through field sampling and indoor tests. Results We found that as the depth of the fissure soil layer increases, the silt content and clay content increase and the sand content and soil water content continue to decrease. The fissure soil is basically weakly alkaline. The TN content does not change much from the surface to the lower part of the fissure, and the AN, TP and AP contents in the fissure generally decrease. In general, SOC, nitrogen and phosphorus are mainly concentrated in the surface soil compared to the other soil layers in the fissure; the C/N, N/P and C/P ratios are higher in the upper part of the fissure; C/P and N/P are higher and C/ N is lower in SL, while the opposite is true in AL. Conclusions The low nutrient content and high ecological stoichiometry of karst rift soils suggest that rift soils in karst areas need more soil nutrient management, and improvement of quality status.
OsGATA16, a GATA Transcription Factor, Confers Cold Tolerance by Repressing OsWRKY45-1 at the Seedling Stage in Rice
Authors: Zhang Hongjia , Wu Tao , Li Zhao , Huang Kai , Kim Na-Eun , Ma Ziming , Kwon Soon-Wook , Jiang Wenzhu , Du Xinglin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCold stress in rice is a major abiotic stress that adversely affects growth and substantially reduces rice yield. Identification of cold-related functional rice genes is important for breeding programs aimed at increasing resilience and yield in rice crops. GATA-family transcription factors involve diverse function in rice, however, their roles in the response to low-temperature stress remain unclear.ResultsA GATA-type zinc finger transcription factor, OsGATA16, that increases cold tolerance in rice. OsGATA16 is an OsGATA subfamily-II protein and contains eleven putative phosphorylation sites, NLS, and several conserved domains. Overexpression of OsGATA16 increased tolerance to cold stress at seedling stage. Transcriptional analysis showed that OsGATA16 was induced by cold and ABA treatments, but was repressed by drought, cytokinin, and JA. OsGATA16 was expressed in all plant tissues, with highest expression in panicles. Subcellular localization and transcriptional analysis indicated that OsGATA16 acted as a nuclear-targeted transcriptional suppressor. Four cold-related genes (OsWRKY45-1, OsSRFP1, OsCYL4, and OsMYB30) were repressed in OsGATA16-overexpression lines compared with wild type after low-temperature exposure. Yeast one-hybrid and Dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that OsGATA16 bound to the promoter of OsWRKY45-1 and repressed its expression. Eleven SNPs within OsGATA16 were identified and haplotype analysis showed a polarization between Japonica and Indicia subspecies. A non-synonymous SNP was identified that explained differences in cold tolerance among the 137 rice accessions.ConclusionA novel GATA transcription factor, OsGATA16, plays a positive role in cold tolerance at the seedling stage in rice by direct repression of OsWRKY45-1 expression. One SNP was identified that explained cold tolerance differences among rice accessions. These results support future breeding programs to improve cold tolerance in commercial rice crops.
Dim Target Detection Method Based on Deep Learning in Complex Traffic Environment
Authors: Zheng Hao , Liu Jianfang , Ren Xiaogang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Although the current vehicle detection and recognition framework based on deep learning has its own characteristics and advantages, it is difficult to effectively combine multi-scale and multi category vehicle features, and there is still room for improvement in vehicle detection and recognition performance. Based on this, an improved fast R-CNN convolutional neural network is proposed to detect dim targets in complex traffic environment. The deep learning model of fast R-CNN convolutional neural network is introduced into the image recognition of complex traffic environment, and a structure optimization method is proposed, which replaces vgg16 in fast RCNN with RESNET to make it suitable for small target recognition in complex background. Max pooling is the down sampling method, and then feature pyramid network is introduced into RPN to generate target candidate box to optimize the structure of convolutional neural network. After training with 1497 images, the complex traffic environment images are identified and tested.
Normative Data on Spontaneous Stride Velocity, Stride Length, and Walking Activity in a Non-controlled Environment.
Authors: Poleur Margaux , Ulinici Ana , Daron Aurore , Schneider Olivier , Farra Fabian Dal , Demonceau Marie , Annoussamy Mélanie , Vissière David , Eggenspieler Damien , Servais Laurent 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND Normative data are necessary for validation of new outcome measures. Recently, the 95th centile of stride speed was qualified by the European Medicines Agency as a valid secondary outcome for clinical trials in subjects with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. This study aims to obtain normative data on spontaneous stride velocity and length in a non-controlled environment and their evolution over a 1-year period.METHOD 91 Healthy volunteers (50 females, 41 males), mean age 16 years 11 months, were recruited and assessed at baseline and 12 months later. 4-stair climb, 6-minute walk test, 10-metre walk test and rise from floor were performed. Stride length, stride velocity, and the distance walked per hour were studied in daily living for one month after each evaluation.RESULTS We observed significant positive correlations of the stride length with age and height of participants, and a significant increase of the median stride length over 1-year in children. In children, the 95th centile stride velocity was not correlated with age and was stable over a 1-year period.CONCLUSION This study provides with data on the influence of age, height, and gender on stride velocity and length as well as the natural change over 1-year in controls.
Evaluating the Covalent Binding of Carbapenems on BlaC Using Noncovalent Interactions
Authors: Sun Lu , Fan Hongjun , Zhong Shijun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Carbapenems, as irreversible covalent binders and slow substrates to the Class A β-lactamase (BlaC) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, can inhibit BlaC to hydrolyze the β-lactam drugs which are used to control tuberculosis. Their binding on BlaC involves covalent bonding and noncovalent interaction. We introduce a hypothesis that the noncovalent interactions dominate the difference of binding free energies for covalent ligands based on the assumption that their covalent bonding energies are same. MM/GBSA binding free energies calculated from the noncovalent interactions, provided a threshold with respect to the experimental kinetic data, to select slow carbapenem substrates which were either constructed using the structural units of experimentally identified carbapenems or obtained from the similarity search over the ZINC15 database. Combining molecular docking with consensus scoring and molecular dynamics simulation with MM/GBSA binding free energy calculations, a computational protocol was developed from which several new tight-binding carbapenems were theoretically identified.
IL17A (rs2275913 G&gt;A) and IL17F (rs2397084 T&gt;C) Gene Polymorphisms: Relation to Psoriasis Risk and Response to Methotrexate.
Authors: Hamza Ashraf , Elwafa Reham AbdelHaleem Abo , Ramadan Nasren , Omar Salma Samir 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background The relation of IL17 polymorphisms to psoriasis risk and response to methotrexate has not been previously studied in Egyptians. Objectives To study the relation of IL17A (rs2275913 G>A) and IL17F (rs2397084 T>C) polymorphisms to psoriasis risk and assess their predictive role as regards response to methotrexate.Patients & Methods IL17A (rs 2275913) and IL17F (rs 2397084) polymorphisms were evaluated in 100 healthy subjects and 100 patients with chronic plaque psoriasis by real time-PCR. Patients were given methotrexate weekly intramuscularly (0.6mg/kg) for 12 weeks. Results IL17F TT genotype was more frequent in patients (87%) than controls (68%), while TC genotype was more frequent in controls (32%) than patients (13%). TT genotype was associated with increased risk of psoriasis whereas the TC allele was associated with a decreased risk. There was no significant difference regarding IL17A GG, GA and AA genotype frequencies between patients and controls. PASI ≥75% was achieved in 22 patients (73.3%) with the TT genotype and 8 patients (26.7%) with TC genotype (p=0.019). Conclusion IL17F (rs2397084 T>C) TT genotype could be considered a susceptibility marker in Egyptian patients. Psoriatic patients with TT genotype and T allele of IL17F (rs2397084 T>C) are likely to show a better response to methotrexate.
Microbiomes of Clownfish and Their Symbiotic Host Anemone Converge Before Their First Physical Contact.
Authors: Audet-Gilbert Émie , Sylvain François-Étienne , Bouslama Sidki , Derome Nicolas 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundOne of the most charismatic, and yet not completely resolved example of mutualistic interaction is the partnership of clownfish and its symbiotic sea anemone. The mechanism explaining this tolerance currently relies on the molecular mimicry of clownfish epithelial mucus, which could serve as camouflage, preventing the anemone's nematocysts' discharge. Resident bacteria are known as key drivers of epithelial mucus chemical signature in vertebrates. A recent study has proposed a restructuration of the skin microbiota in a generalist clown fish when first contacting its symbiotic anemone. We explored a novel hypothesis by testing the effect of remote interaction on epithelial microbiota restructuration in both partners. MethodsWith metataxonomics, we investigated the epithelial microbiota dynamic of 18 pairs of percula clownfish (Amphiprion percula) and their symbiotic anemone Heteractis magnifica in remote interaction, physical interaction and control groups for both partners during a four weeks trial.ResultsPhysical and Remote Interaction groups’ results evidence gradual epithelial microbiota convergence between both partners when fish and anemone were placed in the same water system. This convergence occurred preceding any physical contact between partners, and was maintained during the two-weeks interaction period in both contact groups. After the interaction period, community structure of both fish and anemone’s epthelial community structures maintained the interaction signature two weeks after fish-anemone pairs separation. Furthermore, the interaction signature persistence was observed both in Physical and Remote Interaction groups, thus suggesting that water-mediated chemical communication between symbiotic partners was strong enough to shift the skin microbiota durably, even after the separation of fish-anemone pairs. Finally, our results suggest that fish-anemone convergent microbiota restructuration was increasingly associated with the parallel recruitment of three Flavobacteriaceae strains closely related to a tyrosinase-producing Cellulophaga tyrosinoxydans. ConclusionsOur study shows that bacterial community restructuration, in the acclimation process, does not only rely on direct physical contact. Furthermore, our results challenge, for the first time, the traditional unidirectional chemical camouflage hypothesis, as we argue that convergence of the epithelial microbiota of both partners may play essential roles in establishing mutual acceptance.
Identification of Two Novel Mutations of ABCD1&nbsp;Gene in Pedigrees With X‐linked Adrenoleukodystrophy and Review of the Literatures
Authors: Dong Bingzi , Lv Wenshan , Xu Lili , Zhao Yuhang , Sun Xiaofang , Cheng Bingfei , Wang Yangang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundX-linked adrenoleukodysrophy (ALD) is an inherited peroxisomal metabolism disorder, results from the loss-of-function mutation of ATP-binding cassette protein subfamily D1 ( ABCD1 ) gene. The dysfunction of ALD protein, a peroxisomal ATP-binding cassette transporter, results in the excessive saturated very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) accumulation in organs including brain, spine and adrenal cortex. X-ALD is characterized as the childhood, adolescent, adult cerebral ALD, adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN), adrenal insufficiency, and asymptomatic phenotypes, exhibiting a high variety of clinical neurological manifestations with or without adrenocortical insufficiency. ResultsIn this study, we reported two cases of X-ALD, which were firstly diagnosed as adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease) and treated with adrenocortical supplement. However, both of the cases progressed as neurological symptoms and signs after decades. Elevated VLCFAs level, brain MRI scan and genetic analysis confirmed final diagnosis. In addition, we identified two novel mutations of ABCD1 gene, c.874_876delGAG (p.Glu292del) and c.96_97delCT (p.Tyr33Profs*161) in exon 1 of ABCD1 gene. Sanger sequencing confirmed that the proband’s mother of the first case was hemizygous carrying the same variant. Adrenal insufficiency-only type is very rare, however, it may be the starting performance of X-ALD. In addition, we summarized reported mutation sites and clinical manifestations to investigate the correlationship of phenotype-genotype of X-ALD. ConclusionsThe early warning manifestations should be noticed, and the probability of X-ALD should be considered. This report could be beneficial for the early diagnosis and genetic counseling for patients with X-ALD.
Multivariate Analysis of Prognostic Factors in Patients With Nodular Melanoma
Authors: Susok Laura , Stücker Markus , Bechara Falk G. , Stockfleth Eggert , Gambichler Thilo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose Nodular melanoma (NM) is associated with worse disease outcome when compared to superficial spreading melanoma (SSM). We aimed to perform a single center analysis of prognostic factors in patients with NM and compare the data with SSM patients. Methods We studied 228 patients with NN and 396 patients with SSM. Patients with in-situ melanomas or stage IV at diagnosis were not included in the study. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test, Chi² test, Kaplan-Meier curves including the log-rank test, and logistic regression model.Results When compared to patients with SSM, patients with NM had less likely lower Clark level, higher tumor thickness, less likely tumor regression, more often ulcerated tumors, and less likely a history of precursor lesions such as a nevus. Within a 5-year follow-up we observed significantly more disease relapses and deaths in NM patients than in SSM patients. On multivariate analysis, disease relapse in NM patients was independently predicted by tumor thickness and positive SLNB, whereas melanom-specific death of NM patients was independently predicted by male sex and tumor thickness. Histologic regression also remained in the logistic regression model as a significant independent negative predictor of NM death.Conclusions We did not observe that NM subtype was a significant independent predictor for disease relapse or melanoma-specific death. Among the well-known prognostic factors such as tumor thickness and male sex, NM is also associated with other unfavorable factors such as absence of regression.
Molecular Characterization of Mouse CREB3 Regulatory Factor in Neuro2a Cells
Authors: Oh-hashi Kentaro , Hasegawa Tomoyuki , Naruse Yoshihisa , Hirata Yoko 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We performed expression and functional analysis of mouse CREB3 regulatory factor (CREBRF) in Neuro2a cells by constructing several expression vectors. Overexpressed full-length CREBRF protein was stabilized by MG132; however, the intrinsic CREBRF expression in Neuro2a cells was negligible under all conditions. On the other hand, N- or C-terminal deletion of CREBRF influenced its stability. Cotransfection of CREBRF together with GAL4-tagged full-length CREB3 increased luciferase reporter activity, and only the N-terminal region of CREBRF was sufficient to potentiate luciferase activity. Furthermore, this positive effect of CREBRF was also observed in cells expressing GAL4-tagged cleaved CREB3, although CREBRF hardly influenced the protein stability of NanoLuc-tagged cleaved CREB3 or intracellular localization of EGFP-tagged one. In conclusion, this study suggests that CREBRF, a quite unstable proteasome substrate, positively regulates the CREB3 pathway, which is distinct from the canonical ER stress pathway in Neuro2a cells.
A missense Variant in IFT122 Associated with a Canine Model of Retinitis Pigmentosa
Authors: Kaukonen Maria , Pettinen Inka-Tuulevi , Wickström Kaisa , Arumilli Meharji , Donner Jonas , Juhola Ida-Julia , Holopainen Saila , Turunen Joni A. , Yoshihara Masahito , Kere Juha , Lohi Hannes 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a blinding eye disease affecting nearly two million people worldwide. Dogs are affected with a similar illness termed progressive retinal atrophy (PRA). Lapponian Herders (LHs) are affected with several types of inherited retinal dystrophies, and variants in PRCD and BEST1 genes have been associated with generalized PRA and canine multifocal retinopathy 3 (cmr3), respectively. However, all retinal dystrophy cases in LHs are not explained by these variants, indicating additional genetic causes of disease in the breed. We collected DNA samples from 10 PRA-affected LHs, with known PRCD and BEST1 variants excluded, and 34 unaffected LHs. A genome-wide association study identified a locus on CFA20 (praw=2.4x10-7, pBonf=0.035), and subsequent whole-genome sequencing of an affected LH revealed a missense variant, c.3176G>A, in the intraflagellar transport 122 (IFT122) gene. The variant was also found in Finnish Lapphunds, in which its clinical relevancy needs to be studied further. The variant interrupts a highly conserved residue, p.(R1059H), in IFT122 and likely impairs its function. Variants in IFT122 have not been associated with retinal degeneration in mammals, but the loss of ift122 in zebrafish larvae impaired opsin transport and resulted in progressive photoreceptor degeneration. Our study establishes a new spontaneous dog model to study the role of IFT122 in RP biology, while the affected breed will benefit from a genetic test for a recessive condition.