bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risking the social bond: motivations to defend or to repair when dealing with displeasing information
Authors: Løkkeberg Stine Torp , Gausel Nicolay , Giner-Sorolla Roger , Leach Colin Wayne 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOur choice to withhold or disclose displeasing information to another can motivate concern about damage to our social bonds. In two experiments, using two different samples of university students in Norway, (N = 174 and N = 217), we found that withholding unpleasant information led to greater concern for self- image and social-image than did disclosure. We also found that withholding elicited more shame, inferiority and rejection than disclosure, and in Experiment 2, withholding elicited more defensive motivation than disclosure. Consistent with our model, defensive motivation was mostly explained by concern for social-image, whereas relationship repair motivation was mostly explained by concern for self-image and felt shame. We discuss implications for the literature on shame and social bonds.
Shining a Light also Casts a Shadow: Neuroimaging Incidental Findings in Neuromarketing Research
Authors: Bradfield Owen M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRapid growth in structural and functional brain research has led to increasing ethical discussion of what to do about incidental findings within the brains of healthy neuroimaging research participants that have potential health importance, but which are beyond the original aims of the study. This dilemma has been widely debated with respect to general neuroimaging research but has attracted little attention in the context of neuromarketing studies. In this paper, I argue that neuromarketing researchers owe participants the same ethical obligations as other neuroimaging researchers. The financial resources available to neuromarketing firms and the social value of neuromarketing studies should command greater attention to the elucidation and management of incidental findings. However, this needs to be balanced against finite resources available within most public health systems.
Pore Characteristics of Gondwana Shale of Eastern India
Authors: Sarkar Piyush , Ghosh Ranjana , Singh Kumar Hemant , Singh Trilok Nath 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A complete pore characteristic of the Indian Gondwana shale is studied by combining laboratory experiments and numerical modeling. Mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP), nitrogen gas adsorption (N2GA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are the primary laboratory methods used to evaluate the pore characteristics. The N2GA and MICP were coupled to estimate the pore size distribution (PSD) of Indian Gondwana shale for the first time. The estimated PSD of Gondwana shale varies between 0.5 nm to 100 µm and most of the pores of the samples fall in the micropore and mesopore category. The porosity of Gondwana shale, measured using MICP, varies from 1.13 to 8.01 %. The SEM micrographs and hysteresis pattern of isotherms reveal the presence of cylindrical, ink-bottle and slit shape pores in the samples. The BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) surface area of pore for Gondwana shale varies from 3.42 m2/g to 21.5 m2/g. The FHH (Frenkel-Halsey-Hill) fractal model suggests that the Gondwana shale exhibits two types of fractal dimensions with highly complex pore geometry. The adsorption capacity of Gondwana shale is affected by the clay content. This paper attempted a different interpretation approach using experimental data and concluded that Indian Gondwana shale has high gas storage capacity.
Geomorphic Analysis, Morphometric-based Prioritization and Tectonic Implications in Chite Lui River, Northeast India
Authors: Barman Binoy Kumar , Rao Chegondi Udaya Bhaskara , Rao K. Srinivasa , Patel Adesh , Kushwaha Kamlesh , Singh SudhirKumar 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
River morphometry is a useful approach in basin analysis which helps to interprets fluvially originated landforms. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the morphometric and morphotectonic parameters along with prioritization for soil erosion and water availability in Chite Lui watershed. Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is a useful approach to find out soil erosion and ground water potential zone with an aim to achieve successful management of a watershed. It helps to examine the susceptibility zone in watershed. The present paper documents the delineation of 14 sub-watersheds in Chite Lui River at 3rd order stream. Its prioritization has been performed using several morphometric parameters namely drainage density, elongation ratio and many other parameters using Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP). Sub-watersheds are ranked from 1-14 based on soil erosion and groundwater potential zones.
The Chite Lui watershed is a fifth order drainage basin with a total area of 52.7 km2. The tectonic parameters of the watershed as the asymmetry value is 34%, indicates the structural control over the area either by uplift or tilting. The hypsometric integral value is 0.5 and the valley width height ratio is 0.05 which also suggest tectonic activity in the area. Sinuosity related many parameters along with geomorphic indices like stream power index (SPI), stream gradient index (SL) and topographic wetness index (TWI) were also calculated to suggest the watershed health. The present paper shows that the morphometric analysis is highly relevant and efficient in delineating susceptibility zones.
Field and Simulation Studies for Mechanised Depillaring below Incompetent Geological Formations of an Indian Coal Mine
Authors: Singh Amn Kumar , Kumar Ashok , Kumar Dheeraj , Singh Rajendra , Ram Sahendra , Kumar Rakesh , Singh Amit Kumar 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A fully mechanised mining method using continuous miner (CM) for pillar extraction in single-pass is introduced in the year 2010 at Pinoura Mine of South Eastern Coalfields Limited, Bilaspur in India. Overall mining cycle time is reduced by single-pass pillar extraction as it does not require drivage of split galleries in pillars and support installation for such galleries. Further, inherent technical abilities of the deployed CM for faster cutting and quad-bolter for supporting, helped in faster recovery of pillars without creating any strata control issues. Rate of face advance varied between 5-15m/day with an average of 8m/day. Field observations found that CM based single-pass extraction is capable in dealing with the strata control issues during depillaring under weak and laminated (incompetent in nature) roof layers having rock mass rating value around 42. A total of eleven panels, have been depillared under the weak and laminated geology, ranging depth of cover from 59 to 149m in different panels of the mine. During field investigations in these panels, a maximum of 2.89MPa induced vertical stress is recorded and influence of caved roof over underground mining structures is observed up to 15m in the out-bye from the goaf edge. This paper deals with estimation of snook size and limiting roof movement value based on numerical simulation and field studies during the single-pass extraction below the incompetent geological formations.
A multi-channel $$\varvec{H}_\infty $$ preview control approach to load alleviation design for flexible aircraft
Authors: Khalil Ahmed , Fezans Nicolas 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGust load alleviation functions are mainly designed for two objectives: first, alleviating the structural loads resulting from turbulence or gust encounter, and hence reducing the structural fatigue and/or weight; and second, enhancing the ride qualities, and hence the passengers’ comfort. Whilst load alleviation functions can improve both aspects, the designer will still need to make design trade-offs between these two objectives and also between various types and locations of the structural loads. The possible emergence of affordable and reliable remote wind sensor techniques (e.g., Doppler LIDAR) in the future leads to considering new types of load alleviation functions as these sensors would permit anticipating the near future gusts and other types of turbulence. In this paper, we propose a preview control design methodology for the design of a load alleviation function with such anticipation capabilities, based on recent advancements on discrete-time reduced-order multi-channel $$H_\infty $$

H
∞

techniques. The methodology is illustrated on the DLR Discus-2c flexible sailplane model.
Interaction of drought and frost in tree ecophysiology: rethinking the timing of risks
Authors: Charrier Guillaume , Martin-StPaul Nicolas , Damesin Claire , Delpierre Nicolas , Hänninen Heikki , Torres-Ruiz Jose M. , Davi Hendrik 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

• Key message

The increase in climate variability is likely to generate an increased occurrence of both frost-induced and drought-induced damages on perennial plants. We examined how these stress factors can potentially interact and would subsequently affect the vulnerability to each other. Furthermore, we discussed how this vulnerability could be modulated by shifts in the annual phenological cycle.

Context
The edges of plant distribution are strongly affected by abiotic constraints: heat waves and drought at low latitude and elevation, cold and frost at high latitude and elevation. The increase in climate variability will enhance the probability of extreme events and thus the potential interaction of stress factors. The initial exposure to a first constraint may affect the vulnerability to a subsequent one.

Aims
Although three integrative physiological processes, namely water balance, carbon metabolism and the timing of phenological stages, have largely been studied in the response of trees to a single constraint, their interaction has rarely been investigated. How would the interaction of frost and drought constraints modulate the vulnerability to a subsequent constraint and how vulnerability to a given constraint and phenology interact?

Conclusion
We suggest that the interaction between frost and drought constraints should in the short-term influence water balance and, in the longer term, carbon metabolism, both consequently affecting further vulnerability. However, this vulnerability can be modulated by shifts in the annual phenological cycle. Significant gaps of knowledge are reported in a mechanistic framework. This framework can help to improve the current process-based models integrating the life history of the individual plant.
The space of models in machine learning: using Markov chains to model transitions
Authors: Torra Vicenç , Taha Mariam , Navarro-Arribas Guillermo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMachine and statistical learning is about constructing models from data. Data is usually understood as a set of records, a database. Nevertheless, databases are not static but change over time. We can understand this as follows: there is a space of possible databases and a database during its lifetime transits this space. Therefore, we may consider transitions between databases, and the database space. NoSQL databases also fit with this representation. In addition, when we learn models from databases, we can also consider the space of models. Naturally, there are relationships between the space of data and the space of models. Any transition in the space of data may correspond to a transition in the space of models. We argue that a better understanding of the space of data and the space of models, as well as the relationships between these two spaces is basic for machine and statistical learning. The relationship between these two spaces can be exploited in several contexts as, e.g., in model selection and data privacy. We consider that this relationship between spaces is also fundamental to understand generalization and overfitting. In this paper, we develop these ideas. Then, we consider a distance on the space of models based on a distance on the space of data. More particularly, we consider distance distribution functions and probabilistic metric spaces on the space of data and the space of models. Our modelization of changes in databases is based on Markov chains and transition matrices. This modelization is used in the definition of distances. We provide examples of our definitions.
Physiological Characteristics of Female Soccer Players and Health and Performance Considerations: A Narrative Review
Authors: Randell Rebecca K. , Clifford Thomas , Drust Barry , Moss Samantha L. , Unnithan Viswanath B. , De Ste Croix Mark B. A. , Datson Naomi , Martin Daniel , Mayho Hannah , Carter James M. , Rollo Ian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFemale soccer has seen a substantial rise in participation, as well as increased financial support from governing bodies over the last decade. Thus, there is an onus on researchers and medical departments to develop a better understanding of the physical characteristics and demands, and the health and performance needs of female soccer players. In this review, we discuss the current research, as well as the knowledge gaps, of six major topics: physical demands, talent identification, body composition, injury risk and prevention, health and nutrition. Data on female talent identification are scarce, and future studies need to elucidate the influence of relative age and maturation selection across age groups. Regarding the physical demands, more research is needed on the pattern of high-intensity sprinting during matches and the contribution of soccer-specific movements. Injuries are not uncommon in female soccer players, but targeting intrinsically modifiable factors with injury prevention programmes can reduce injury rates. The anthropometric and physical characteristics of female players are heterogeneous and setting specific targets should be discouraged in youth and sub-elite players. Menstrual cycle phase may influence performance and injury risk; however, there are few studies in soccer players. Nutrition plays a critical role in health and performance and ensuring adequate energy intake remains a priority. Despite recent progress, there is considerably less research in female than male soccer players. Many gaps in our understanding of how best to develop and manage the health and performance of female soccer players remain.
Non-pharmacological Interventions for Adults with Autism: a Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Speyer Renée , Chen Yu-Wei , Kim Jae-Hyun , Wilkes-Gillan Sarah , Nordahl-Hansen Anders Johan , Wu Ho Ching , Cordier Reinie 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTo determine the effects of non-pharmacological randomised controlled trials in adults with autism, a systematic review was conducted across five electronic databases. A total of 3865 abstracts were retrieved, of which 41 articles met all inclusion criteria: randomised controlled trial; non-pharmacological intervention; adults with autism; and English publication. Twenty included studies had strong methodological quality ratings. No meta-analysis could be performed due to heterogeneity between studies. Articles reported on interventions for (1) social functioning and language skills, (2) vocational rehabilitation outcomes, (3) cognitive skills training, and (4) independent living skills. Social functioning was the most studied intervention. PEERS for young adults and Project SEARCH plus ASD support interventions had the strongest evidence. Emerging evidence suggests non-pharmacological interventions could be effective.
Impact of moderate exercise on fatty acid oxidation in pancreatic β-cells and skeletal muscle
Authors: Langlois A. , Forterre A. , Pinget M. , Bouzakri K. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFatty acids (FA) play a crucial role in glycaemia regulation in healthy and metabolic disorders conditions through various mechanisms. FA oxidation is one of the processes involved in lipid metabolism and can be modulated by exercise. Nowadays, physical activity is known to be an effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. Moreover, its intensity, its duration, the sex-gender, the prandial state, exerkines… are as many parameters that can influence glycaemic control. However, the widely debated question is to determine the best type of exercise for patients with metabolic disorders. In this review, we will discuss the impact of exercise intensity, especially moderate activity, on glycaemic control by focussing on FA oxidation in pancreatic β-cells and skeletal muscle. Finally, thanks to all the recent data, we will determine whether moderate physical activity is a good therapeutic strategy and if FA oxidation represents a target of interest to treat diabetic, obese and insulin-resistant patients.
Generating a heterosexual bipartite network embedded in social network
Authors: Azizi Asma , Qu Zhuolin , Lewis Bryan , Hyman James Mac 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe describe an approach to generate a heterosexual network with a prescribed joint-degree distribution embedded in a prescribed large-scale social contact network. The structure of a sexual network plays an important role in how all sexually transmitted infections (STIs) spread.
Generating an ensemble of networks that mimics the real-world is crucial to evaluating robust mitigation strategies for controlling STIs. Most of the current algorithms to generate sexual networks only use sexual activity data, such as the number of partners per month, to generate the sexual network. Real-world sexual networks also depend on biased mixing based on age, location, and social and work activities. We describe an approach to use a broad range of social activity data to generate possible heterosexual networks. We start with a large-scale simulation of thousands of people in a city as they go through their daily activities, including work, school, shopping, and activities at home. We extract a social network from these activities where the nodes are the people, and the edges indicate a social interaction, such as working in the same location. This social network captures the correlations between people of different ages, living in different locations, their economic status, and other demographic factors. We use the social contact network to define a bipartite heterosexual network that is embedded within an extended social network. The resulting sexual network captures the biased mixing inherent in the social network, and models based on this pairing of networks can be used to investigate novel intervention strategies based on the social contacts among infected people. We illustrate the approach in a model for the spread of chlamydia in the heterosexual network representing the young sexually active community in New Orleans.
3D Reconstruction of Bridges from Airborne Laser Scanning Data and Cadastral Footprints
Authors: Goebbels Steffen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe given paper describes a method for automatic 3D reconstruction of bridges from cadastral footprints and airborne laser scanning point clouds. The reconstructed bridges are used to enrich 3D city models. Unlike roofs, decks of bridges are typically smooth without ridge lines or step edges. Therefore, established methods for roof reconstruction are not suitable for bridges. The standard description language for semantic city models is CityGML. This specification of the Open Geospatial Consortium assumes that surfaces are composed of planar polygons. The approximation of smooth decks by planar polygons is achieved by using a medial axis tree. Instead of the medial axis of the footprint, a modified medial axis is computed that does not consider counter bearing edges. The resulting tree represents centerline connections between all counter bearing edges and, in conjunction with filtered height values of a point cloud, serves as the basis for approximation with polygons. In addition to modeling decks, superstructures such as pylons and cables are also derived from the point cloud. For this purpose, planes carrying many superstructure points are detected using the Random Sampling Consensus Algorithm (RANSAC). Images are generated by projecting points onto these planes. Then, image processing methods are used to find connected contours that are extruded to form 3D objects. The presented method was successfully applied to all bridges of two German cities as well as to large bridges built over the Rhine River.
Dynamo: Handling Scientific Data Across Sites and Storage Media
Authors: Iiyama Yutaro , Maier Benedikt , Abercrombie Daniel , Goncharov Maxim , Paus Christoph 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDynamo is a full-stack software solution for scientific data management. Dynamo’s architecture is modular, extensible, and customizable, making the software suitable for managing data in a wide range of installation scales, from a few terabytes stored at a single location to hundreds of petabytes distributed across a worldwide computing grid. This article documents the core system design of Dynamo and describes the applications that implement various data management tasks. A brief report is also given on the operational experiences of the system at the CMS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and at a small-scale analysis facility.
Data assimilation of structural deformation using finite element simulations and single-perspective projection data based on the example of X-ray imaging
Authors: Butz Ines , Moser Stefan , Nau Siegfried , Hiermaier Stefan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGaining insight in the complex deformation processes inside a vehicle during the process of crashing is to date only possible via numerical simulations. To validate these simulations experimentally, high speed, high-energy X-ray imaging is currently developed. So far, X-ray images have only been compared qualitatively to simulations as quantitative analysis proves challenging: Three dimensional (3D) information has to be reconstructed from two dimensional (2D) X-ray images showing overlapping parts which undergo complex deformation. We propose a novel analysis method which adapts ideas from data assimilation to reconstruct three dimensional motion and deformation from two dimensional measurements using high speed X-ray video data and finite element (FE) simulations. Furthermore, we analyze the accuracy of the approach based on an observing system simulation experiment.
Influence of school culture on pedagogical knowledge sharing between an education student and a training teacher
Authors: Caskova Katerina , Chudy Stefan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractStudents undergo a demanding socialization process at the beginning of their practice, which they subjectively perceive. At the time of this socialization process, the process of knowledge sharing begins, and this process must include reflection on and explanation of new pedagogical experience if students are to establish suitable conditions for practice. Not only the training teacher but also others who form the so-called school culture may neglect to address new experiences and provide sufficient support. This research aimed to explore the effects of the school culture on a student’s career at the beginning of her teaching and pedagogical knowledge sharing. Based on the results of the analysis, we answered the following research question: “How does the school culture influence a student’s pedagogical knowledge sharing with her training teacher?” We found that the student’s subjective theories should correspond with the school culture; otherwise, the student may leave the profession earlier. In addition, support from colleagues and sufficient explanation (modelling of the teacher’s thoughts) in school practice create a space to share pedagogical knowledge and clarify the student’s doubts about education. We identified the teacher's career, the school culture, and the training teacher as sources of support for the education student. The data were collected via interviews with the use of the “clean language” method and analysed through open coding.