bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, antimicrobial and antiradical activity of (3-alkoxymethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-ones, intermediates of biologically active compounds and activity comparison with 3-(alkoxymethyl)-4-(alkylamino-2-hydroxypropoxyphenyl)alkanones type of beta blockers
Authors: Čižmáriková R. , Markuliak M. , Habala L. , Valentová J. , Bilková A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A homologous series of (3-alkoxymethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-ones was prepared by the reaction of (3-chloromethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-ones with the corresponding alcohols (methanol – decan-1-ol, propan-2-ol, 2-methylpropan-1-ol, 3-methylbutan-1-ol, cyclopentanol, benzylalcohol) in the presence of sodium hydrogen carbonate. The composition of the synthesised compounds was elucidated by IR, UV and 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra. Selected compounds were tested against human pathogens: gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus (CNCTC Mau 29/58), gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli (CNCTC 377/79) and yeast Candida albicans (CCM 8186). Their antimicrobial activities were expressed as minimum inhibitory concentrations. Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH and ABTS.+ methods. It could be shown that both biological activities, antimicrobial and antioxidant, were lower in comparison with the (2RS)-bis [3-(4-acetyl-2-propoxymethyl)phenoxy-2-hydroxypropyl]isopropylammonium fumarate type of beta blockers.
Reshaping European and national security in a post COVID – 19 context
Authors: Daciana Natea Mihaela , Daniel Anitei Mihai 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe COVID-19 crisis, undoubtedly, raised a series of questions concerning aspects of national and human security. The crisis impact, per se, tested, in extremis, the medical systems and the political capacity to take swift decisions needed to protect the population. It is a general accepted thesis that the world will face a second wave of effects: economic and systemic. Regarding the last aspect, the current international system is constructed around many principles among them, relevant for our research are, global governance and national sovereignty. The manner in which the two concepts operate was tested during the pandemic. On one hand the international system of global governance failed to ensure a higher level of human security when facing a crisis. On the other hand, states were left to tackle the effects of the pandemic, more or less alone, as the entire international system was paralyzed. In this context state had to turn to classic concepts of national security, egocentric and protectionist, but needed to ensure one of its fundamental functions – providing the security of its citizens.As others crisis are expected to unfold in a domino like effect, redefining national security will be essential for states and regional organizations. But in this process decisions could collide with assumed international obligations. In this context the article explores this impact of the COVID 19 over the how states define their national security concepts. In this context a special attention will be given, as an example, to the industry sector in the context of the green deal, as European states will be pioneering in implementing new standards in climate protection policies that will affect certain sectors of the economy. Rethinking the national security agenda will certainly face aspects which impose the protection of certain sectors that have a higher negative impact over climate change.
Feeding performance of juvenile marble goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata Bleeker, 1852) fed acidified diets
Authors: Lim Leong-Seng , Teoh Chui-Fen , Kawamura Gunzo , Yong Annita Seok-Kian , Shapawi Rossita 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the feeding performance of juvenile marble goby (Oxyeleotris marmorata) on acidified diets. Five fish meal-based diets at various pH levels (2.5, 3.2, 4.3, 5.3, and 6.0 (control)) were prepared, and each of them was fed to 10 wild-caught O. marmorata juveniles (body length 7.7–9.3 cm; each fish was placed in an aquarium, hence each dietary treatment was in 10 replicates) for 20 days. Throughout the feeding trial, O. marmorata juveniles showed clear increments in the daily ingestion ratio (IR) values of AD 2.5, AD 3.2, and AD 4.3. The control diet and AD 5.3 were almost totally rejected by the fish. On day 20, the IR of AD 2.5 (0.46) and AD 3.2 (0.36) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of AD 5.3 (0.1) and the control diet (0.02). In addition, 70% of fish fed AD 2.5 achieved a high IR value (0.6 – 1.0), and this was the best result among all the treatments (AD 3.2, 60%; AD 4.3 50%; AD 5.3 and control, 10%). These results suggested that acidified diets can be used to wean O. marmorata juveniles, and the recommended pH level was 2.5.
Systematic Position of Pistacia atlantica Desf. Subsp. atlantica in North-West Algeria: Anatomy and Biometry of Leaves
Authors: Amara Mohamed , Bouazza Mohammed , Errouane Kheira , Kaid-Harche Meriem , Nafil Djamel , Pascalau Raul , Smuleac Laura , Al-Saghir Mohannad Ghazi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The area of Algerian western north already subjected to a strong climatic rigour and an excessive anthropic activity for several decades, has been confronted with the threats of the alarming degradation of its natural resources, following the example Pistacia atlantica which occupies today only one quite thin proportion of the territory.
The study method was based on the phytoecological approach on a very large scale by approaching the anatomical and biometric study of the leaves of Pistacia atlantica in order to identify and confirm the name of the subspecies.
The analysis of the results obtained revealed that this subspeciesis atlantica, phenotypically very variable.
Factors determining adoption of bean quality improvement practices by cocoa farmers in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Daudu Abdulrazak Kamal , Oladipo Felix Olayinka , Balogun Kayode Samson , Awoniyi Olabisi Adebowale , Adisa Rashid Solagberu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Persistent drop in quality of Nigerian cocoa exported to the international communities portends a grave danger to the economy of the country. This study investigates factors determining adoption of bean quality improvement practices by cocoa farmers in Cross River State, Nigeria. Using a two-stage random sampling technique to select 336 farmers from communities with high production, data were collected with a structured questionnaire and subjected to factor analysis and descriptive statistical procedures. The data revealed that majority of the respondents (66.1%) were male with mean age of 48 years, 78.6% were formally educated whereas 31.0% had a quarterly contact with extension agents. Most of the respondents (98.2%) had high perception on practices considered as being adequate for improving the quality of cocoa beans. There was a positive and significant relationship between perception on cocoa bean quality and adoption of bean quality improvement practices (r = 0.142 and p = 0.001) at one percent level of significance. Factor analysis showed that socioeconomic, production, technological and institutional factors with Eigenvalues of 3.312, 2.403, 1.862 and 1.055, respectively, accounted for the quality of cocoa beans. However, educational level of farmers (0.867), cost of inputs (−0.724), relative advantage of the practice (0.683) and contact with extension agents (0.703) exert greater influence on farmers’ capacity to produce quality cocoa beans. The identified variables should therefore be considered when disseminating improved practices to cocoa farmers for increased adoption.
Language Revival and Educational Reform in Ireland and Hungary: Douglas Hyde, Patrick Pearse, Arthur Griffith
Authors: Remport Eglantina 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Patrick Pearse’s editorial in the journal of the Gaelic League, An Claidheamh Soluis, is the starting point of this essay that explores Irish perceptions of the Hungarian language question as it panned out during the early nineteenth century. Arthur Griffith’s The Resurrection of Hungary: A Parallel for Ireland (1904), to which Pearse refers in his editorial, is the focal point of the discussion, with the pamphlet’s/book’s reference to Count István Széchenyi’s offer of his one-year land revenue to further the cause of the Hungarian language at the Hungarian Diet of Pozsony (present-day Bratislava) in 1825. Széchenyi’s aspirations are examined in the essay in comparison with the ideals of Baron József Eötvös, Minister of Religious and Educational Affairs (1848; 1867–71), in order to indicate the strong connection that existed between the question of language use and religious and educational matters in Hungary. Similar issues were discussed in Ireland during the nineteenth century, providing further points of reference between Ireland and Hungary in the late nineteenth/early twentieth century. Finally, the debate between language revivalists and reformists is studied in some detail, comparing the case of Hungary between the 1790s and the 1840s with that of Ireland between the 1890s and the 1920s.
“Uprooted:” Anton Chekhov’s Influence on Frank O’Connor
Authors: Pellérdi Márta 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Thus far perhaps the most acclaimed Irish practitioner of the short story, Frank O’Connor, attributes a lasting influence to Russian author Anton Chekhov when he considers the direction that the modern Irish short story was to take in the twentieth century. In The Lonely Voice: A Study of the Short Story (1963), O’Connor emphasized two particular themes in Chekhov’s short fiction that influenced his own stories: on the one hand, a preoccupation with loneliness; on the other, a belief that venial sin, or the adoption of a false personality, was “far more destructive” than mortal sin itself. In other writings, he expressed an interest in narrative technique and structure as he found them in Chekhov’s stories. The article explores O’Connor’s “Uprooted” from his collection Crab Apple Jelly (1944), a story about displaced intellectuals. My reading illustrates how the Irish writer was not only adopting Chekhov’s themes but was also experimenting with Chekhov’s character types and narrative techniques, particularly as found in the Russian author’s story “The Lady with the Dog.” At the same time, O’Connor developed a distinctly individual technique of his own within the Irish realist/naturalist short story tradition, making a lasting impact on the art of the modern Irish short story. Unlike his displaced Irish characters in “Uprooted,” he prefers to remain faithful to this tradition.
Receptivity to eHealth Services in the Hungarian Population of Mureş County, Romania
Authors: Harangus Katalin , Sántha Ágnes 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
One of the most dynamically evolving sectors of our days is eHealth. More and more applications, software, devices, etc. are launched that make healthcare segments accessible not only for professionals but for laics, too. This study examines to what extent the adult Hungarian population of Mureş County is ready to become eHealth participative, i.e. an active agent of its own healthcare attendance, in order to make use of the advantages offered by modern technologies that provide information and help understand our diseases, their prevention, and health maintenance. The probability of eHealth usage is approximated by the frequency of Internet usage. Social determinants of info-communication tool usage are assessed, controlling for covariates. Age has the strongest impact upon the frequency of Internet usage. The younger is the respondent, the more likely he/she is to be a frequent user, and, apart from this, only the educational level determines Internet use, higher education implying more frequent usage.
Human Resources in Romanian Child Protection Social Services. A Regional Analysis
Authors: Elekes Zoltán 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Efficiency and cost effectiveness of human resources implied in social services in general and in child protections services specifically is a taboo subject in Romanian social policy. On the following pages, I will make a general analysis of human resources included in the Romanian social services sector, starting from the topic of territorial coverage with professionalized social workers. After a regional- and county-level analysis of this, linked to the social and economic situation of the regions, I look at the specific field of child protection to see if there exists any cost effectiveness in the volume of human resources implied in these services. In the final part of my study, I will make considerations about the quality of the personnel within child protection services.
Replacement value of white mulberry forage for elephant grass on nutrients digestibility, weight gain and blood profile of sheep
Authors: Omotoso Oluwatosin B. , Fajemisin Adebowale N. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A 63-day study that involved 20 growing West African Dwarf sheep with average live bodyweight of 7.44 ± 0.18 kgW0.75 was carried out to evaluate nutrients intake, nitrogen metabolism, weight gain and blood profile of sheep fed Pennisetum purpureum (PP) substituted with white morus alba leaves (ML). The sheep were allotted to 5 treatments of 4 sheep per replicate in a Completely Randomized Design experiment. Five diets fed to the sheep were formulated designated as T1 (100 % PP), T2 (75 % PP: 25 % ML), T3 (50 % PP: 50 % ML), T4 (25 % PP: 75 % ML) and T5 (100 % ML). DM ranged 89.03 - 90.16 % and highest (21.05 %CP) was obtained in T5. Nutrients intake, DWG and FGR were significantly (p<0.05) influenced. Highest DMI (250.38 gW0.75/day) and CPI (52.70 gW0.75/day) were observed in sheep fed T5. Highest N-balance (5.75 gW0.75) was obtained in sheep fed T5. Consequently, the best DWG (16.10 gW0.75g/day) and least FCR (15.55). Haematological and serum biochemical indices were within normal range for WAD sheep. Thus, sole feeding of white mulberry leave could offer a reliable source of protein for sheep.
Lactobacillus Spp. strains isolation, identification, preservation and quantitative determinations from the intestinal content and faeces of weaned piglets
Authors: Ionut Sorescu , Mihaela Dumitru , Mihaela Habeanu , Costin Stoica 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The study aimed to isolate, identify, preserve and evaluate the quantitative level of the Lactobacillus strains from gut content and faeces of weaned piglets, 30-107 days old; to test the viability of these strains preserved at 4°C and room temperature. Lactobacillus strains were isolated, phenotypically identified and preserved from gut content and faeces of 20 weaned piglets. Identification was performed by morphological, cultural and biochemical character examination, using apiwebTM and ABIS online software. Lactobacillus spp. from intestinal content and faeces (106 – 109 CFU/g) and the viability of strains preserved at 4°C and at room temperature were also determined (from 38 days to 4 months). Twenty-six strains of L. acidophilus, L. fermentum, L. plantarum, L. salivarius and L. delbrueckii ssp. delbrueckii, from gut content and faeces of weaned piglets were isolated, phenotypic identified and preserved. Of these, L. fermentum, L. delbrueckii ssp. delbrueckii and L. acidophilus biotype 2 isolates were technologically and ecologically suitable for continuing the testing of probiotic traits.
Use of millet grain in weaning pigs diet: effects on performance and health status
Authors: Aurelia Lefter Nicoleta , Mihaela Hăbeanu , Anca Gheorghe , Lavinia Idriceanu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The effect of feeding a diet containing 25% millet grain on performance and plasma metabolic profile was evaluated in weaned piglets during 21 days trial. A total of 40 pigs with an 8.14±1.08 kg average body weight (BW) was weaned at 28±3 days of age and divided into the control group (C) and the experimental group (M). The C group (n=20) received a conventional diet based on the corn-triticale-soybean meal while in the M group (n=20) received 25% millet grain cv. Marius replaced triticale (2 replicates per group). At the end of the post-weaning period, the performances (BW; average daily feed intake, ADFI; average daily gain, ADG; feed: gain ratio, F: G ratio) and plasma metabolic profile (lipid, protein, enzyme, mineral) were evaluated. A slow, but not significant increase was observed for the BW (+6%), ADG (+12%), ADFI (+5%) and F: G ratio (+7%) of pigs fed M diet. No effect (P>0.05) of dietary treatment on plasma metabolic profile was observed. However, the concentrations of triglyceride (-15%, P=0.089), total cholesterol (-14%, P=0.060) and aspartate aminotransferase enzyme activity (-16%, P=0.095) tended to decreased while inorganic phosphorus (+11%; P<0.04) had increased in the M vs. C diet.
The present study indicated that the replacement of 25% millet grain to triticale in weaned piglet’s diet, maintains the performances and blood plasma parameters within the physiological ranges, beneficial to the health status.
Effort distribution analysis for the 800 m race: IAAF World Athletics Championships, London 2017 and Birmingham 2018
Authors: Amo José Luis López-del , Planas-Anzano Antoni , Zakynthinaki Maria S. , Ospina-Betancurt Jonathan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Study aim: To analyse the distribution of effort in the 800 m event at the IAAF World Athletics Championships in London 2017 (outdoor, 44 men, 45 women) and in Birmingham 2018 (indoor, 9 men, 14 women).

Material and methods: A total of 187 individual performances during heats, semi-finals, and finals were analysed. The official split times of each athlete every 100 m were taken as reference for the analysis of: times; percentages of times in regard to the final time; speed; changes in position during the races; percentage deviations in terms of the average time per race per section of 100, 200 and 400 m.

Results: There are different strategies used in the elite 800m race that are related to sex differences, the management of energy consumption and the differences and similarities between indoor and outdoor races.

Conclusions: Although diverse pacing strategies exist, more balanced strategies, after a fast start, have better results.
The Relationship Between Road Infrastructure Budgetary Expenditures and Commercial Property Investment Returns. Case Study of Fadikpe Area Minna, Nigeria
Authors: Yakubu Suleiman , Adeyemi Ajayi , Sule Abass , Ogunbajo Rukaiyyat 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The paper examines the relationship existing between commercial property investment returns and public capital investment (budgetary expenditures) on road infrastructure in Fadikpe area, Minna (Nigeria) with the aim of determining the degree of impact of public capital investment on commercial property investment returns. The paper addresses a pertinent policy and practice question on the impact of government’s budgetary expenditures on real estate sector of the economy. Government increasingly faces funding challenges in providing new infrastructure or improvement of existing ones, thus, keen to know the areas of greater impact of its expenditures and the extent to which the benefits from the impact may go in augmenting or providing funds (through tax) for new road infrastructure provision or repair of existing ones. The research uses the before-and-after case method to identify an increase in property values (rental and sales) as measured by the trend of property investment returns before-and-after budgetary expenditures. The results show that commercial property investment returns in the area increased after budgetary expenditure (road construction) took place. The results form the basis upon which the government should consider more budgetary allocations and expenditures related to road transportation infrastructure in its budgetary allocation decisions. The results also quantify the proposed alternative source of funding (property tax) that can be harnessed via capturing the increase in property investment returns.
Foreign Direct Investment Legislation: A Precondition for Creating a Favourable Investment Climate in the Case of Kosovo
Authors: Ziberi Besime , Gashi Rrezarta 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Foreign direct investment (FDI) represents a significant impetus for sustainable economic growth and development. From the context of the importance that FDI carries as the transfer of knowledge, experience, employment growth and development of human capital, its attraction definitely requires a proper legal basis, namely, the implementation of the law and the proper functioning of judiciary. The main aim of this study is to elaborate the legislation on foreign direct investment in Kosovo and to analyse FDI in Kosovo over the years. This study is based on local literature, specifically the interpretation of the current law on FDI in Kosovo and international literature to examine the effects of legislation on a business climate. This study is descriptive, comparative and analytical, based mainly on secondary data provided by the World Bank indicators on FDI in Kosovo over the years. Kosovo as a young, post-war state has drafted a number of reforms in the economic field and in the field of law enforcement and judiciary, but undoubtedly the current law governing strategic investments has room for improvement, thus, must be enforced in order for investors to feel safe while operating in Kosovo. This study also concludes that Kosovo is attractive for foreign investors due to the increasing rate of GDP, labour market conditions, high rate of degree holders complying with labour market requirements. The study goes further with recommendations on supplementing the current law versus the European FDI legislation. The major implication of the study is the comparative analysis of Kosovo’s law in regard to the EU Law on FDI.
Motives for Combining Motherhood with Employment: Evidence for Medium and Highly Educated Polish Women Around the EU Accession
Authors: Matysiak Anna , Mynarska Monika 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This article provides insights into employment decisions of mothers and mothers-to-be in a post-socialist Poland around the entry to the EU. Previous studies for this country continuously pointed to a strong determination among mothers to be employed during the economic transformation, despite increasing obstacles to combining paid work with childrearing over the 1990s. We analyse in-depth interviews to explore women's motives to work for pay. We investigate how these motives are related to women's childbearing experiences and intentions. Our analyses show that motherhood was central in women's lives at this point in Polish history, but females sought to combine it with employment. We also find that women's perceptions about their ability to balance work and motherhood were strongly related to the meanings that they attached to paid work.