bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a claims‐based algorithm to identify cases of ulcerative colitis in Japan
Authors: Ogino Haruei , Morikubo Hiromu , Fukaura Keita , Okui Tasuku , Gardiner Sean , Sugiyama Naonobu , Yoshii Noritoshi , Kawaguchi Tsutomu , Chen Haoqian , Nonnenmacher Edward , Setoguchi Soko , Nakashima Naoki , Kobayashi Taku 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and AimThe prevalence of ulcerative colitis (UC) is increasing in Japan. Validated claims‐based definitions are required to investigate the epidemiology of UC and its treatment and disease course in clinical practice. This study aimed to develop a claims‐based algorithm for UC in Japan.MethodsA committee of epidemiologists, gastroenterologists, and internal medicine physicians developed a claims‐based definition for UC, based on diagnostic codes and claims for UC treatments, procedures (cytapheresis), or surgery (postoperative claims). Claims data and medical records for a random sample of 200 cases per site at two large tertiary care academic centers in Japan were used to calculate the positive predictive value (PPV) of the algorithm for three gold standards of diagnosis, defined as physician diagnosis in the medical records, adjudicated cases, or registration in the Japanese Intractable Disease Registry (IDR).ResultsOverall, 1139 claims‐defined UC cases were identified. Among 393 randomly sampled cases (mean age 44; 48% female), 94% had received ≥ 1 systemic treatment (immunosuppressants, tumor necrosis factor inhibitors, corticosteroids, or antidiarrheals), 7% had cytapheresis, and 7% had postoperative claims. When physician diagnosis was used as a gold standard, PPV was 90.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 87.7–93.5). PPV with expert adjudication was also 90.6% (95% CI: 87.7–93.5). PPVs with enrollment in the IDR as gold standard were lower at 41.5% (95% CI: 36.6–46.3) due to incomplete case registration.ConclusionsThe claims‐based algorithm developed for use in Japan is likely to identify UC cases with high PPV for clinical studies using administrative claims databases.
Empowering women can improve child dietary diversity in Ethiopia
Authors: Baye Kaleab , Laillou Arnaud , Chitekwe Stanley 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWomen empowerment is an underlying factor of child feeding and nutrition. However, the lack of standardized measurements has made it difficult to design interventions that embed women empowerment and measure their impacts. This study aimed to assess temporal trends in women empowerment in Ethiopia and evaluate their contribution towards improving dietary diversity in infants and young children. We used women and child data from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey 2005, 2011, and 2016, yielding a total sample of 6113 mother–child pairs. The survey‐based women's empowerment index (SWPER) developed and validated for use in Africa was used to assess three dimensions of women empowerment: (i) social autonomy, (ii) decision making; and (iii) attitude to violence. We used multiple‐linear and multivariable logistic regression to assess the associations between SWPER and the number of food groups consumed/and the minimum dietary diversity (MDD). To determine drivers of changes over time, a regression decomposition analysis was run. Women empowerment indices have improved over the 2005–2016 period, but a significant proportion of women had low standardized SWPER scores for autonomy/social independence (47%) and attitude to violence (49%) domains in 2016. SWPER autonomy and SWPER decision‐making scores were strongly associated with the odds of meeting MDD. Changes in women empowerment accounted for 17% of the improvements in MDD between 2005 and 2016. SWPER was a stronger predictor of the change in MDD, than known predictors like wealth, child age, and urban residence. As a critical underlying driver of child nutrition, women empowerment should be boldly addressed and integrated in nutrition interventions.
Evidence of the folate‐mediated one‐carbon metabolism pathway genes in controlling the non‐syndromic oral clefts risks
Authors: Wang Siyue , Shi Jiayu , Liu Chunfang , Wang Ping , Wang Mengying , Li Wenyong , Zhou Ren , Zheng Hongchen , Jiang Jin , Li Nan , Li Jing , Zhou Zhibo , Zhu Hongping , Wu Yiqun , Jia Zhonglin , Wu Tao , Hu Yonghua , Beaty Terri H. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe folate‐mediated one‐carbon metabolism pathway is thought to play an important role in the etiology of non‐syndromic oral clefts (NSOFC), although none of the genes in this pathway has shown significant signals in genome‐wide association studies (GWAS). Recent evidence indicated that enhanced understanding could be gained by aggregating multiple SNPs effect simultaneously into polygenic risk score (PRS) to assess its association with disease risks. This study is aimed to assess the association between the genetic effect of folate‐mediated one‐carbon metabolism pathway and NSOFC risks using PRS based on a case–parent trio design. A total of 297 SNPs mapped from 18 genes in the folate‐mediated one‐carbon metabolism pathway were aggregated from a GWAS of 2458 case–parent trios recruited from an international consortium. We found a PRS based on the folate‐mediated one‐carbon metabolism pathway was significant among all NSOFC trios (OR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.66–2.28, p = 2.39 × 10−16), as well as two major subtypes, non‐syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) trios (OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.50–1.96, p = 7.66 × 10−15) and non‐syndromic cleft palate only (NSCPO) trios (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.36–1.68, p = 2.1 × 10−14). Similar results were also observed in further subgroup analyses stratified into Asian and European trios. The averaged PRS of the folate‐mediated one‐carbon metabolism pathway varied between the NSOFC case group and its comparison group (p < 0.05) with higher average PRS in the cases. Moreover, the top 5% pathway PRS group had 2.25 (95% CI: 1.85–2.73) times increased NSOFC risk, also 3.09 (95% CI: 2.50–3.81) and 2.06 (95% CI: 1.39–3.02) times increased risk of NSCL/P and NSCPO compared to the remainder of the distribution. The results of our study confirmed the folate‐mediated one‐carbon metabolism pathway was important in controlling risk to NSOFC and this study enhanced evidence towards understanding the genetic risks of NSOFC.
DNA‐Binding domain mutations confer severe outcome at an early age among STAT1 gain‐of‐function patients
Authors: Scott Ori , Dadi Harjit , Vong Linda , Pasternak Yehonatan , Garkaby Jenny , Willett Pachul Jessica , Mandola Amarilla B. , Brager Rae , Hostoffer Robert , Nahum Amit , Roifman Chaim M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundSTAT1 gain‐of‐function (GOF) is an immune dysregulatory disorder with poorly studied genotype‐phenotype correlation, impeding prognostication and early intervention. Given previous mechanistic studies, as well as anecdotal clinical reports, we sought to systematically determine whether DNA‐binding domain (DBD) mutations in STAT1 result in a different phenotype than mutations in other gene domains.MethodsNegative prognostic features previously identified by the International STAT1 GOF Study Group (invasive infections, intracranial aneurysms, and malignancy), as well as other clinical features and mortality, were compared within a cohort of 30 patients with STAT1 GOF diagnosed at our center, consisting of 9 patients with DBD mutations and 21 patients with non‐DBD mutations. We subsequently re‐analyzed mortality data from a large, previously‐published 274‐patient cohort by the International STAT1 GOF Study Group.ResultsWhile no differences were noted with respect to malignancy or symptomatic aneurysms, invasive /opportunistic infections were substantially more common among DBD patients, as were sinopulmonary infections, bronchiectasis, enteropathy, endocrinopathies, lymphoproliferative manifestations, and recurrent fevers/HLH. DBD patients also had a lower probability of survival and younger age of mortality compared with non‐DBD patients. Our re‐evaluation of the published data from the International STAT1 GOF Study Group revealed a similar finding of earlier mortality among patients harboring DBD mutations.ConclusionWe report that STAT1 GOF patients with DBD mutations may be regarded as a unique subgroup, impacted more by early‐onset profound combined immunodeficiency and with earlier mortality. These findings may impact clinical decision making with respect to early intervention, and in particular hematopoietic stem cell transplant considerations, in such patients.
Usefulness of brain natriuretic peptide to distinguish Kawasaki disease from cervical lymphadenitis
Authors: Muto Taichiro , Masuda Yu , Nakamura Nami , Numoto Shingo , Kodama Shunsuke , Miyamoto Ryosuke , Miyata Kenji , Hayakawa Tomohito , Mori Hiromitsu , Kuroyanagi Yoshiyuki , Akaihata Mitsuko , Iwayama Hideyuki , Kurahashi Hirokazu , Shimomura Yasuhito , Nagai Takuhito , Hori Toshinori , Agata Hiroatsu , Okumura Akihisa 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundCervical lymphadenitis (CL) cannot be easily distinguished from Kawasaki disease (KD). We therefore explored whether brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels are useful in this context.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 14 children with CL and 177 children with KD. Patients with KD were divided into three groups according to their clinical symptoms at hospitalization – 97 patients had typical KD, 35 had node‐first KD (NFKD), and 45 had KD without lymphadenopathy. We reviewed data on clinical and laboratory parameters, including serum BNP levels, at hospitalization together with factors that might distinguish KD from CL.ResultsPatients with CL were older than those with KD. Serum BNP levels were higher in all the KD groups than in the CL group. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that higher BNP levels were associated with NFKD (odds ratio: 1.12, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–1.25). The receiver operating characteristic curve yielded a BNP cutoff of 18.3 pg/mL, with a sensitivity of 0.680, a specificity of 0.857, and an area under the curve of 0.806 (95% confidence interval: 0.665–0.947).ConclusionsSerum BNP levels can be used to distinguish KD from CL, especially in patients with NFKD.
Sawflies out of Gondwana: phylogenetics and biogeography of Argidae (Hymenoptera)
Authors: Malagón‐Aldana Leonardo A. , Jensen Arn R. , Smith David R. , Shinohara Akihiko , Vilhelmsen Lars 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTWe present the first phylogenetic hypothesis for the cosmopolitan family Argidae based on both molecular and morphological data. Furthermore, we present a biogeographic scenario based on a dated phylogeny and interpret the evolutionary history of the family. Information from sequences of eight genes is analysed to reconstruct the phylogeny of the Argidae based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Total evidence Bayesian analyses are also conducted, combining the molecular dataset with data from adult and larval morphology. For the historical biogeographic reconstruction, divergence times are estimated using node dating with uncorrelated relaxed‐clock analysis, and ancestral biogeographical distributions are estimated applying a Dispersal Extinction Cladogenesis model and a Bayesian binary model. Argidae s.s. is retrieved as monophyletic in all analyses and the clade Zenargidae + (Argidae + Pergidae) is better supported when combining molecular and morphological characters, and when excluding the saturated third codon position in the molecular analysis. Within Argidae, two large clades corresponding to the subfamilies Arginae and Sterictiphorinae sensu Benson are retrieved as monophyletic. The ancestral distribution of Arginae and Sterictiphorinae is estimated to be the Australian and Neotropical regions. Divergence of Argidae‐Pergidae and Arginae‐Sterictiphorinae is estimated to occur in the middle‐upper Jurassic before or during the east‐west Gondwana breakup. Diversification of Argidae may be associated with the radiation of angiosperms in the Early Cretaceous, especially for the Neotropical Sterictiphorinae after the separation of South America and Africa. Arginae were probably introduced to the northern hemisphere by dispersal to Africa and/or India and subsequent continental collision with Eurasia in the Cenozoic. The occurrence of Sterictiphorinae in the northern hemisphere is more difficult to explain. Maternal care and brood guarding behaviour evolved independently in Argidae and Pergidae, with a single origin in a subclade (Dielocerini) of Sterictiphorinae.
Phenotypic characterisation and associations of leg ulcers in adult sickle cell patients
Authors: Madu Anazoeze , Madu Kenechi , Anigbogu Ikechukwu , Ugwu Angela Ogechukwu , Okwulehie Vincent A. , Ololo Uchenna , Ugwu Chioma , Chikezie Kelechi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSickle leg ulcer (SLU) occurs as a result chronic occlusion of the vasculature with consequent necrosis of the skin and subcutaneous tissue usually in proximity of the malleoli. The description of clinical associations and the simultaneous occurrence of SLU and other complications of SCD compared to the non‐SLU patients was the aim of this work. A total of 272 (60.8% males and 39.2% females) patients were captured during this time period out of which 68 (51 males and 17 females) had SLU out of whom 20 patients had bilateral leg ulcers. Prevalence of SLU was 25% and the median age of patients was 25 years, frequency of crisis 2 per annum and 44 (74.6%) had been transfused in the past. Median Hb of the group was 7.6 g/dl and 25% had values lower than 6.5. The occurrence of other complications in SLU patients was as follows; 10 had AVN, 9 priapism, 8 had osteomyelitis, 6 nephropathy, stroke 2, osteoarthritis 4 and cholelithiasis 4. There was a significant relationship between the occurrence of SLU and gender of the patient being more in 67males—Likelihood ratio 4.610 (p = 0.032) and the occurrence of pulmonary hypertension—Likelihood ratio 4.762 (p = 0.029). There was no significant association between the occurrence of SLU and other complications of SCD. Leg ulcer patients have a median age of 25 years with a prevalence of 25% but do not necessarily show other features of severe disease phenotypes. SLU patients were more likely to develop pulmonary hypertension. Further studies on impact of environmental factors on the occurrence of SLU are needed to further evaluate its aetiology.
Effectiveness of photodynamic therapy on treatment response and survival of patients with recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Cardoso Miguel , Marto Carlos Miguel , Paula Anabela , Coelho Ana Sofia , Pinho e Melo Teresa M.V.D. , Marques Ferreira Manuel , Botelho Maria Filomena , Carrilho Eunice , Laranjo Mafalda 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This review aims to systematically examine the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy for the treatment of patients with recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction:
Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a significant public health problem, and is the seventh most common cancer. Its incidence is mainly due to tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and HPV infection. The survival rates are poor due to diagnosis at advanced stages, with high recurrence rates. Although current evidence does not point to photodynamic therapy as a first-line option, this treatment might be suitable for treating recurrent stages of the cancer where conventional treatments were ineffective. Despite the potential of photodynamic therapy, there is a need to verify the scientific evidence to support its indication for the treatment of recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider studies on any stage of recurrent oral squamous cell carcinoma treated with photodynamic therapy after receiving first-line conventional treatments. Patients of any age, gender, and geographic location will be included. The primary outcomes will be to evaluate response to treatment, focusing on remission, recurrence, change in size of the lesion, alleviation of symptoms, and survival. Secondary outcomes will be postoperative complications, presence of necrosis, patient quality of life after treatment, and patient satisfaction.

Methods:
Studies will be searched using a combination of index terms and keywords in MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov. No date limits will be applied. Articles written in English, French, Spanish, or Portuguese will be considered. Findings will be provided as a narrative synthesis, structured around the photodynamic therapy protocol used. A meta-analysis is planned and subgroup analysis will be conducted if possible. The certainty of findings will be assessed.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020141075
Electrocaloric Cooling Prototype Using Lead-Free Barium Titanate Multilayer Capacitors and Heat Transfer Fluid Motion
Authors: Bellafkih S. , Hadj Sahraoui A. , Kulinski P. , Dumoulin P. , Longuemart S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we describe the realization and the testing of an electrocaloric effect based refrigeration prototype. The prototype makes use of Active Electrocaloric Regenerator (AER) made of commercially available MultiLayer ceramics and exploits the oscillating motion of a heat transfer fluid in a thermodynamic refrigeration cycle. The setup allows the adjustment of various parameters and the effect of the frequency of the cycle as well as the volume displaced of the heat transfer fluid has been evidenced. An amplification regenerative factor of 1.25 has been reached, comparable to those of previously proposed electrocaloric refrigerator prototypes.
Performance Analysis of Single-Phase Space Thermal Radiators and Optimization Through Taguchi-Neuro-Genetic Approach
Authors: Chiranjeevi P. B. , Ashok V. , Srinivasan K. , Sundararajan T. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the thermal management of spacecraft, space thermal radiators play a vital role as heat sinks. A serial radiator with proven advantages in ground applications is proposed and analyzed for space applications. From the performance analysis, specific heat rejection (SHR) of serial radiator is found to be higher than parallel radiator by 80% for maximum diameter of the tube, 47% for maximum thickness of the fin, and 75% for maximum pitch of the tubes under consideration. Also, serial radiator requires four times higher pumping power than parallel radiator with geometric parameters and a maximum mass flowrate under consideration. In serial radiators, the cross conduction between the fins has a significant effect on its thermal performance. Thus, conjugate heat transfer simulations and optimization operations are to be performed iteratively to optimize the serial radiator, which is computationally costly. To reduce the computational time, artificial neural network (ANN) is trained using conjugate heat transfer simulations data and combined with the genetic algorithm (GA) to perform optimization. Taguchi’s orthogonal arrays provided the partial fraction of conjugate heat transfer simulations set to train the ANN. Taguchi-Neuro-Genetic approach, a process that combines the features of three powerful techniques in different optimization phases, is used to optimize both parallel and serial radiators. The optimization aims to obtain a configuration that provides the lowest mass and lowest pumping power requirement for given heat rejection. Optimization results show that the conventional parallel radiator is about 20% heavier and requires about 35% more pumping power than the proposed serial radiator.
Stochastic Crashworthiness Optimization Accounting for Simulation Noise
Authors: Ahmadisoleymani Seyed Saeed , Missoum Samy 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Finite element-based crashworthiness optimization is extensively used to improve the safety of motor vehicles. However, the responses of crash simulations are characterized by a high level of numerical noise, which can hamper the blind use of surrogate-based design optimization methods. It is therefore essential to account for the noise-induced uncertainty when performing optimization. For this purpose, a surrogate, referred to as Non-Deterministic Kriging (NDK), can be used. It models the noise as a non-stationary stochastic process, which is added to a traditional deterministic kriging surrogate. Based on the NDK surrogate, this study proposes an optimization algorithm tailored to account for both epistemic uncertainty, due to the lack of data, and irreducible aleatory uncertainty, due to the simulation noise. The variances are included within an extension of the well-known expected improvement infill criterion referred to as Modified Augmented Expected Improvement (MAEI). Because the proposed optimization scheme requires an estimate of the aleatory variance, it is approximated through a regression kriging, which is iteratively refined. The proposed algorithm is tested on a set of analytical functions and applied to the optimization of an Occupant Restraint System (ORS) during a crash.
Sensor Fusion and On-Line Monitoring of Friction Stir Blind Riveting for Lightweight Materials Manufacturing
Authors: Gao Zhe , Khan Haris Ali , Li Jingjing , (Grace) Guo Weihong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This research focused on developing a hybrid quality monitoring model through combining the data-driven and key engineering parameters to predict the friction stir blind riveting (FSBR) joint quality. The hybrid model was formulated through utilizing the in situ processing and joint property data. The in situ data involved sensor fusion (force and torque signals) and key processing parameters (spindle speed, feed rate, and stacking sequence) for data-driven modeling. The quality of the FSBR joints was defined by the tensile strength. Furthermore, the joint cross-sectional analysis and failure modes in lap shear tests were employed to confirm the efficacy of the proposed model and development of the process–structure–property relationship.
Rotary Engine Rotor Side Seals Using New Machining Processes
Authors: Hsieh Yu-Yuan , Tsai Ming-Yi , Xu Zhi-Zhe 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study has developed a new machining process for the side seal components of gray cast iron alloy of rotor engine, which is different from the traditional wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) process. The new manufacturing process (milling + grinding process) will save 78% of the cost and 83% of the time for making each side seal component, and the accuracy of the average surface roughness of the component will be 2.1 times that of the traditional manufacturing method. If the components are polished with a self-made polishing rod, the accuracy will be increased by almost 20 times compared with the new manufacturing process.
Laser Shock Peening Induced Back Stress Mitigation in Rolled Stainless Steel
Authors: Over Veronica , Lawrence Yao Y. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Laser shock peening (LSP) is investigated as a potential tool for reducing tensile back stress, shown here applied to rolled and annealed 304L austenitic steel. The back stress of treated and untreated dog-bone samples is extracted from hysteresis tensile testing. Electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) and orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) analysis quantify the geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) density distribution of unstrained and strained as well as unpeened and peened conditions. Finite element analysis (FEA) simulation models back stress and residual stress development through tensile testing and LSP treatment using known LSP pressure models and Ziegler's nonlinear kinematic hardening law. Nonlinear regression fitting of tensile testing stress–strain in as-received specimens extracts the kinematic hardening parameters that are used in numerical study. This research shows LSP may be used to overcome manufacturing design challenges presented by yield asymmetry due to back stress in rolled steel.