bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Rare Loss-of-Function Genetic Variation Regulating Body Fat Distribution
Authors: Koprulu Mine , Zhao Yajie , Wheeler Eleanor , Dong Liang , Rocha Nuno , Li Chen , Griffin John D , Patel Satish , Van de Streek Marcel , Glastonbury Craig A , Stewart Isobel D , Day Felix R , Luan Jian’an , Bowker Nicholas , Wittemans Laura B L , Kerrison Nicola D , Cai Lina , Lucarelli Debora M E , Barroso Inês , McCarthy Mark I , Scott Robert A , Saudek Vladimir , Small Kerrin S , Wareham Nicholas J , Semple Robert K , Perry John R B , O’Rahilly Stephen , Lotta Luca A , Langenberg Claudia , Savage David B 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Context
Biological and translational insights from large-scale, array-based genetic studies of fat distribution, a key determinant of metabolic health, have been limited by the difficulty in linking predominantly noncoding variants to specific gene targets. Rare coding variant analyses provide greater confidence that a specific gene is involved, but do not necessarily indicate whether gain or loss of function (LoF) would be of most therapeutic benefit.

Objective
This work aimed to identify genes/proteins involved in determining fat distribution.

Methods
We combined the power of genome-wide analysis of array-based rare, nonsynonymous variants in 450 562 individuals in the UK Biobank with exome-sequence-based rare LoF gene burden testing in 184 246 individuals.

Results
The data indicate that the LoF of 4 genes (PLIN1 [LoF variants, P = 5.86 × 10–7], INSR [LoF variants, P = 6.21 × 10–7], ACVR1C [LoF + moderate impact variants, P = 1.68 × 10–7; moderate impact variants, P = 4.57 × 10–7], and PDE3B [LoF variants, P = 1.41 × 10–6]) is associated with a beneficial effect on body mass index–adjusted waist-to-hip ratio and increased gluteofemoral fat mass, whereas LoF of PLIN4 (LoF variants, P = 5.86 × 10–7 adversely affects these parameters. Phenotypic follow-up suggests that LoF of PLIN1, PDE3B, and ACVR1C favorably affects metabolic phenotypes (eg, triglycerides [TGs] and high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol concentrations) and reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease, whereas PLIN4 LoF has adverse health consequences. INSR LoF is associated with lower TG and HDL levels but may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.

Conclusion
This study robustly implicates these genes in the regulation of fat distribution, providing new and in some cases somewhat counterintuitive insight into the potential consequences of targeting these molecules therapeutically.
Έκθεσις του ταγματάρχου (ΜΧ) Σπηλιάδου Παναγιώτου διά την μάχη της Νικοπόλεως
Authors: Αρταβάνης Πέτρος 
Published: December 2021

Στο παρόν άρθρο παρουσιάζεται η αναφορά του διοικητού του αποσπάσματος που συνετέλεσε στην απελευθέρωση της Πρεβέζης, αφού προηγήθη η παρά τα ερείπια της αρχαίας Νικοπόλεως μάχη, που έστεψε με δάφνες τα Ελληνικά Όπλα. Ο συγγραφέας αναφέρει ότι, " Έχω την εντύπωσιν ότι με την αναφοράν αυτήν του διοικητού του αποσπάματος ταγματάρχου του Μηχανικού (ΜΧ) Σπηλιάδου Παναγιώτου δίδεται πλέον μία ολοκληρωμένη εικών μετά και την αναφοράν του διοικητού του ΙΙΙου Τάγματος του 15ου Εφέδρου Πεζικού Συντάγματος, ταγματάρχου του Πεζικού (ΠΖ) Δούλη Δημητρίου, την οποίαν με ιδιαίτερον τρόπον επεμελήθη και επαρουσιάσεν ο ακαταπόνητος «περί τα της Πρεβέζης» πρόεδρος του Ιδρύματος Ακτία Νικόπολις κ. Καράμπελας Νικόλαος το 1992 εις το ανά χείρας περιοδικόν".
Ιπτάμενοι στη Νικόπολη: Η δράση του Λόχου Αεροπορίας στην Ήπειρο κατά τον Α ΄ Βαλκανικό πόλεμο (1912-1913)
Authors: Curlin James S. 
Published: December 2021

Ο Λόχος Αεροπορίας του Ελληνικού Στρατού εκτέλεσε επιχειρήσεις με έδρα τη Νικόπολη της Ηπείρου, για τρεις μήνες κατά τη διάρκεια του Α΄ Βαλκανικού πολέμου, από τις 3 Δεκεμβρίου 1912 έως τις 7 Μαρτίου 1913, ημερομηνία κατά την οποία απελευθερώθηκαν τα Ιωάννινα από τον Ελληνικό Στρατό. 1 Αυτή η μικρή μονάδα η οποία αντιστοιχεί με τη σημερινή ορολογία σε ένα σμήνος (flight) αεροσκαφών, αποτελούνταν από μια πολυεθνική ομάδα χειριστών, μηχανικών και προσωπικού εδάφους, έξι διπλάνα Ηenry και Μaurice Farman (HF, MF) και ένα μονοπλάνο Robert Esnault-Pelterie (REP). Επιχειρούσε από μια πρόχειρη βάση στη Νικόπολη, καθώς και από τουλάχιστον δύο βοηθητικά πεδία προσγείωσης κοντά στο μέτωπο. Ο Λόχος Αεροπορίας πραγματοποίησε μια σειρά από τολμηρές αποστολές αναγνώρισης και μάχης υπό εχθρικά πυρά, οι οποίες συνέβαλαν στην επιτυχία του Ελληνικού Στρατού κατά την εκστρατεία της Ηπείρου. Το παρόν άρθρο παρέχει λεπτομερείς πληροφορίες σχετικά με το προσωπικό της μονάδας της Νικόπολης, τη διοίκηση, τα αεροσκάφη, τις εγκαταστάσεις εδάφους και την επιχειρησιακή δράση, συμπεριλαμβανομένων και φωτογραφικών μαρτυριών. * Ο
Globalization and life lost due to tuberculosis: evidence from a multi-country study
Authors: Sriram Shyamkumar , Albadrani Muayad 
Published: December 2021

Background: Tuberculosis affects around 30% of the population of the world. Tuberculosis causes an increase in early mortality and thus has the potential to increase the number of years of life lost. Globalization directly or indirectly by affecting the factors that increase the susceptibility for tuberculosis infection has the potential to increase the spread and mortality due to tuberculosis. This study assessed the causal link between globalization and the years of life lost due to tuberculosis. Methods: Data from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) and World Bank for 2004 and 2005 were used for a number of covariates and possible mediators. Data from the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) were used for the outcome variable and important globalization indicators. The primary health outcome that was studied is tuberculosis and the measure that was used to quantify tuberculosis mortality is the years of life lost (YLL). Path analysis was used. Results: The main independent variables of economic and social integration were not statistically significant. For every unit increase in the proportion of people that were using treated drinking water, there was a -0.0002 decrease in the YLL due to tuberculosis. For every unit increase in the proportion of people with earth floor, there was a 0.0002 units increase in YLL due to tuberculosis. For every unit increase in the proportion of people living using clean fuel, there was a 0.0004 decrease in the YLL due to tuberculosis. Conclusions: Social and economic globalization have no effect on the years of life lost due to tuberculosis, highlighting that globalization actually does not contribute to tuberculosis mortality. However, improving other important determinants such as sanitation, providing safe drinking water and clean households will reduce the mortality due to tuberculosis, highlighting the need to invest in them.
Case Report: Adult Onset Still’s Disease after vaccination against Covid-19
Authors: Risal Ujjwol , Subedee Anup , Pangeni Raju , Pandey Rakshya , Pandey Suravi , Adhikari Sudeep , Basnyat Buddha 
Published: December 2021

Vaccination against the virus responsible for COVID-19 has become a key in preventing mortality and morbidity related to the infection. Studies have shown that the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks. However, there are concerns regarding serious adverse events of some vaccines, although they are fortunately rare. Here, we report a case of a 47-year-old female from Kathmandu who presented with high grade fever, dry cough and erythematous rash a week after exposure to the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine. She had hepatosplenomegaly, persistent leucocytosis, anaemia and thrombocytosis along with markedly raised inflammatory markers. Her tests for infectious causes and haematological malignancies was negative and she showed no response to multiple antibiotics. Finally, she had a dramatic response to steroids with disappearance of fever and normalization of other laboratory parameters. Hence, she was diagnosed with Adult-onset Still’s Disease (AOSD). She was under methotrexate and prednisolone tapering dose and doing well as at time of writing. The trigger for the disease was hypothesized to be the vaccine because of the strong temporal association.
„Muzeum” w XVIII wieku
Authors: Mencfel Michał 
Published: December 2021

Przedmiotem studium są znaczenia, jakie nadawano pojęciu „muzeum” w XVIII wieku. Analizie poddano definicje terminu „muzeum” zawarte w traktatach kolekcjonerskich oraz przede wszystkim w słownikach i encyklopediach. Teksty źródłowe pochodzą w większości z niemieckiego i francuskiego obszaru językowego, gdyż w nich szczególnie wyraźnie zaznaczyło się zjawisko zmiany zbioru desygnatów nazwy „muzeum”, a zarazem były one nośnikami nieco odmiennych tradycji.
Wskazuje się na trzy główne przemiany, jakie dokonały się w rozumieniu słowa „muzeum” w XVIII wieku. Po pierwsze, „muzeum” zaczęło w sposób konsekwentny oznaczać przestrzeń realną, a nie również wirtualną (dyskursywną). Po drugie, zaczęło ono oznaczać przestrzeń raczej publiczną niż prywatną. Po trzecie – przestrzeń kolekcjonerską, ekspozycyjną, służącą w pierwszym rzędzie doświadczeniu sensualnemu, a nie przestrzeń wiedzy, służącą przede wszystkim doświadczeniu intelektualnemu. W konsekwencji złożonych procesów kulturowych stopniowo ukształtowało się rozumienie nazwy „muzeum” jako realnej i publicznej przestrzeni ekspozycyjnej.
For more United Nations rule-of-law “win-win” technical assistance outcomes amid migration
Authors: Redo Sławomir 
Published: December 2021

This article focuses on the universal and time-honored Golden Rule, collo- quially known as “win-win”– a technical cooperation strategy, pursued in crime prevention and other fields. In particular, the article ventures into John Rawls’s difference principle for the United Nations-inspired Rule- of-Law cooperation for crime prevention to meet sustainable development goal 10 of the 2030 United Nations Agenda (“Reduce inequality within and among countries”). His liberally egalitarian principle regards inequality as reasonable (justice as fairness) as long as it would make the least advantaged in society materially better off than they would be under strict equality. In line with the United Nations Charter establishing the duty to cooperate, the author looks into the principle’s Global North-South applicability, relevant especially for the Rule-of-Law impact on the benefactors and beneficiaries of the two major economic development initiatives: the 2019–2021 Blue Dot Network/Built Back Better World (BDN/B3W) and the 2013 Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), both prone to migration flows. In their context he offers intercultural rationale and suggestions for a North-South crime prevention technical cooperation glocal86 approach that should be programmatically driven by universally relevant anti-corruption. Finally, the author alerts to the need of bringing into the North-South technical cooperation relationship people’s regard of Mother Earth (“triple wins”) and strategize that cooperation accordingly for a truly better world.
Dediametralisasi Living Law Dan Kepastian Hukum Dalam Pasal 2 RKUHP
Authors: Rif'an Ahmad , Isdiyanto Ilham Yuli 
Published: December 2021

Living law dan kepastian hukum sering diposisikan sebagai sesuatu yang diametral atau berlawan, dimana living law dianggap tidak memberikan kepastian hukum karena sifatnya tidak tertulis. Namun, menjadi pertanyaan besar jika kemudian konsep living law diakomodir dalam hukum tertulis sebagaimana yang muncul dalam Pasal 2 RKUHP sehingga apakah konsep living law yang tidak tertulis namun diakomodir dalam sistem hukum tertulis dapat berkorelasi dengan prinsip kepastian hukum sebagaimana salah satu ciri hukum tertulis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kedudukan Pasal 2 RKHUP dalam menjamin eksistensi living law sekaligus pelaksanaan prinsip kepastian hukum. Untuk dapat mengetahui hal ini, penelitian normatifÂ ini menggunakan pendekatan historis-normatif-konseptual dengan teknik analisa deskriptif dan kualitatif, terakhir adalah membuat kesimpulan secara preskriptif. Pokok permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana analisa Pasal 2 RKHUP dalam perspektif living law dan kepastian hukum serta bagaimana korelasi kedua perspektif ini dalam implementasinya? Hasilnya, living law sebagai memiliki legitimasi historis dan budaya tidak bisa dinegasikan, sedangkan kepastian harus dimaknai bahwa hukum itu benar-benar ditegakkan, terlepas dari hukum yang tertulis atau tidak tertulis. Pasal 2 RKUHP adalah upaya untuk mengakomodir living law dalam bingkai kepastikan penegakan hukumnya, dan dalam hal ini tidak ada pertentangan berarti antara living law dan kepastian hukum.Â
Perlindungan Terhadap Jaminan Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) Bagi Pekerja SPBU Di Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Lestari Nanda Ayu , Shalihah Fithriatus 
Published: December 2021

Hukum perlindungan terhadap jaminan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) bagi pekerja bertujuan untuk memberikan perlindungan terhadap hak-hak para pekerja dan untuk mengetahui besarnya tingkat kesadaran para pekerja dalam menerapkan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3). Perlindungan hukum terhadap jaminanÂ keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja wajib diberikan kepada seluruh pekerja sesuai yang diatur dalam Pasal 86 dan Pasal 87 Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan. Penulis membahas mengenai pengaturan perlindungan terhadap jaminan K3 bagi pekerja SPBU di kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini mengangkat rumusan masalah : (i) Bagaimana bentuk perlindungan K3 pada pekerja di kota Yogyakarta. (ii) Bagaimana hambatan dalam perlindungan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja pada pekerja SPBU di kota Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris,Â yang bersumber pada data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik penarikan kesimpulan dengan menggunakan metode deduktif. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan perlindungan K3 bagi pekerja SPBU di kota Yogyakarta masih belum efektif. Dimana tingkat kesadaran hukum perusahaan dalam menerapkan K3 belum sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1970 tentang Keselamatan Kerja dan Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan, terbukti dengan adanya fakta masih banyak SPBU yang tidak menerapkan sistem manajeman keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (SMK3) sebagaimana ditur dalam dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 50 Tahun 2012 tentang Penerapan Sistem Manajemen Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja. Kendala dalam mengimplementasi UUK3 selain belum adanya kesadaran hukum pengusaha, juga belum optimalnya pengawasan oleh pemerintah dalam hal ini pengawas ketenagakerjaan pada dinas ketenagakerjaan kota Yogyakarta, yang disebabkan oleh minimnya SDM yang ada. Kendala yang lain juga terletak pada minimnya pembinaan dari pemerintah terhadap penerapan K3 pada usaha SPBU di kota Yogyakarta karena terbatasnya anggaran negara.Â
Penegakan Hukum Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pelecehan Seksual terhadap Perempuan di Moda Transportasi Umum Konvensional
Authors: Soesilo Galih Bagas , Alfian Muh , Rachmawati Amalia Fadhila 
Published: December 2021

Transportasi merupakan komponen utama dalam sistemÂ hidup dan kehidupan, sistem pemerintahan, dan sistem kemasyarakatan. Koalisi Ruang Publik Aman (KRPA) merilis hasil Survei Nasional Pelecehan Seksual di Ruang Publik, menunjukkan bahwa moda transportasi umum adalah lokasi kedua tertinggi terjadinya pelecehan seksual di ruang publik. Penelitian ini secara komrehensif bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis atau bentuk Pelecehan seksual dimoda trasportasi umum khususnya yang berbasis Non-Online atau bersifat konvensional, dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana hukum, sebagai alat rekayasa sosial memerankan perannya guna memberikan perlindungan maksimal dengan dijeratnya pelaku tindak pidana tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, karena mengkaji dan menganalisis berbagai peraturan perundang - undangan di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder, dengan analisis data menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa bentuk pelecehan yang sering terjadi di transportasi umum berupa mengambil gambar/ foto/ vidio secara diam-diam, siulan atau suara atau gerak tubuh yang mengekspresikan kejahatan kesusilaan seperti gestur vulgar, dipertontonkan masturbasi diperlihatkan hingga disentuh, diraba, dan digesek dengan kelamin. Pelecehan seksual merupakan jenis perbuatan cabul yang diatur pada Pasal 289 sampai dengan 296 KUHP dan Undang- undang ITE serta Undang-undang hak cipta apabila mengambil gambar/ foto/ vidio secara diam-diam. Adapun langkah-langkah penanggulangan yaitu untuk selalu waspada dengan segala bentuk pelecehan. Bagi sesama pengguna agar berperan aktif apabila melihat kejahatan tersebut. Sementara untuk penyedia jasa transportasi publik harus memiliki komitmen dan langkah nyata untuk memberikan kenyamanan dan perlindungan lebih terutama bagi perempuan supaya tidak menjadi korban pelecehan seksual dimoda trasportasi umum berbasis Non-Online atau bersifat konvensional.
RIFL: a reliable link layer network protocol for data center communication
Authors: Shen Qianfeng , Zheng Jun , Chow Paul 
Published: December 2021

More and more latency-sensitive services and applications are being deployed into the data center. Performance can be limited by the high latency of the network interconnect. Because the conventional network stack is designed not only for a local area network, but also for a wide area network, it carries a great amount of redundancy that is not required in a data center network. This paper introduces the concept of a three-layer protocol stack that can fulfill the exact demands of data center network communications. The detailed design and implementation of the first layer of the stack, which we call RIFL, is presented. A novel low latency in-band hop-by-hop re-transmission protocol is proposed and adopted in RIFL, which guarantees lossless transmission in a data center environment. Experimental results show that RIFL achieves 110 ns point-to-point latency on 10 m active optical cables, at a line rate of 112 Gbps. RIFL is a multi-lane protocol with scalable throughput up to multi-hundred gigabits per second. It can be the enabler of low latency, high throughput, flexible, scalable, and lossless data center networks.
Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)-Plattformtypen im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau
Authors: Scheel Laura , Bender Benedict 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Angebot digitaler Plattformen ist mittlerweile auch im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau weit verbreitet. Dabei konnte in den letzten Jahren der Trend verzeichnet werden, dass die Herstellerunternehmen von Maschinen und Anlagen nicht mehr ausschließlich physische Produkte veräußern, sondern zusätzliche auf das Produkt abgestimmte Dienstleistungen, wie bspw. digitale Services. Dieser Wandel kann einen großen Einfluss auf die Veränderung des Geschäftsmodells haben und je nach Komplexität der digitalen Plattformen unterschiedliche Ausmaße annehmen, die auch strategische Entscheidungen bestimmen können. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Klassifizierung der digitalen Plattformen im deutschen Maschinen- und Anlagenbau vorgenommen, mithilfe derer unterschiedliche Plattformtypen auf Grundlage ihrer Funktionszusammensetzung identifiziert werden. Demnach können bspw. Plattformen, über die lediglich grundlegende Funktionen wie die Verwaltung von Maschinen angeboten werden, von umfangreicheren Plattformen unterschieden werden, die eine höhere Komplexität aufweisen und somit einen größeren Einfluss auf die Veränderung des Geschäftsmodells haben. Diese Einteilung unterschiedlicher Plattformtypen kann Unternehmen im Maschinen- und Anlagenbau dabei unterstützen, strategische Entscheidungen bezüglich der Entwicklung und des Angebots digitaler Plattformen zu treffen und eine Einordnung ihrer digitalen Plattform im Wettbewerb vorzunehmen.
Sero-prevalence of anti-Leptospira antibodies and associated risk factors in rural Rwanda: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ntabanganyimana Etienne , Giraneza Robert , Dusabejambo Vincent , Bizimana Appolinaire , Hamond Camila , Iyamuremye Augustin , Nshizirungu Placide , Uzabakiriho Raphael , Munyengabe Marc , Wunder Elsio A. , Page Cameron 
Published: December 2021

Background
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted through the urine of wild and domestic animals, and is responsible for over 50,000 deaths each year. In East Africa, prevalence varies greatly, from as low as 7% in Kenya to 37% in Somalia. Transmission epidemiology also varies around the world, with research in Nicaragua showing that rodents are the most clinically important, while studies in Egypt and Chile suggest that dogs may play a more important role. There are no published studies of leptospirosis in Rwanda.

Methods & findings
We performed a cross-sectional survey of asymptomatic adults recruited from five occupational categories. Serum samples were tested using ELISA and Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT). We found that 40.1% (151/377) of asymptomatic adults had been exposed to Leptospira spp. Almost 36.3% of positive subjects reported contact with rats (137/377) which represent 90.7% among positive leptospira serology compared with 48.2% of negative subjects (182/377) which represent 80.5% among negative leptospira serology (OR 2.37, CI 1.25–4.49) and 1.7 fold on prevalence ratio and 2.37 of odd ratio. Furthermore, being a crop farmer was significantly associated with leptospirosis (OR 2.06, CI 1.29–3.28). We identified 6 asymptomatic subjects (1.6%) who met criteria for acute infection.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates a high prevalence of leptospiral antibodies infection among asymptomatic adults in rural Rwanda, particularly relative to neighboring countries. Although positive subjects were more likely to report rat contact, we found no independent association between rats and leptospirosis infection. Nonetheless, exposure was high among crop farmers, which is supportive of the hypothesis that rats together with domestic livestock might contribute to the transmission.
Further studies are needed to understand infecting Leptospira servers and elucidate the transmission epidemiology in Rwanda and identify means of host transmitters.