bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence of a disability paradox in patient‐reported outcomes in haemophilia
Authors: O’Hara Jamie , Martin Antony P. , Nugent Diane , Witkop Michelle , Buckner Tyler W. , Skinner Mark W. , O’Mahony Brian , Mulhern Brendan , Morgan George , Li Nanxin , Sawyer Eileen K. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionPeople with inherited and long‐term conditions such as haemophilia have been shown to adapt to their levels of disability, often reporting better quality of life (QoL) than expected from the general population (the disability paradox).AimTo investigate the disability paradox in people with haemophilia in the United States by examining preference differences in health state valuations versus the general population.MethodsWe conducted a discrete choice experiment including duration to capture valuations of health states based on patient‐reported preferences. Participants indicated their preferences for hypothetical health states using the EQ‐5D‐5L, where each participant completed 15 of the 120 choice tasks. Response inconsistencies were evaluated with dominated and repeated scenarios. Conditional‐logit regressions with random sampling of the general population responses were used to match the sample of patients with haemophilia. We compared model estimates and derived preferences associated with EQ‐5D‐5L health states.ResultsAfter removing respondents with response inconsistencies, 1327/2138 (62%) participants remained (177/283 haemophilia; 1150/1900 general population). Patients with haemophilia indicated higher preference value for 99% of EQ‐5D‐5L health states compared to the general population (when matched on age and gender). The mean health state valuation difference of 0.17 indicated a meaningful difference compared to a minimal clinically important difference threshold of 0.07. Results were consistent by haemophilia type and severity.ConclusionOur findings indicated the presence of a disability paradox among patients with haemophilia, who reported higher health states than the general population, suggesting the impact of haemophilia may be underestimated if general population value sets are used.
Isokinetic knee strength deficit in patients with moderate haemophilia
Authors: Fouasson‐Chailloux Alban , Maugars Yves , Trossaert Marc , Rannou François , Menu Pierre , Vinatier Claire , Guicheux Jérôme , Dauty Marc 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionKnee joint bleedings are responsible for quadriceps atrophy and strength deficit in patients with severe haemophilia. Little is known about patients with moderate haemophilia (PWMH).AimTo evaluate isokinetic quadriceps and hamstrings strength in PWMH and to assess correlation with radiological and clinical parameter.Methods18 PWMH aged 37.1 ± 11.4 and 18 healthy age‐, weight‐ and height‐matched controls performed a knee isokinetic test at 180°/s to assess quadriceps and hamstrings strength. In the PWMH group, knee Pettersson's score was pursued and Haemophilia Joint Health Score 2.1 (HJHS) was performed to determine unaffected knees (knee HJHS = 0) and affected ones (knee HJHS >0).ResultsAffected knees had a decrease of quadriceps strength compared to controls, 1.26 ± 0.47 vs 1.64 ± 0.27 Nm/kg and a decrease of hamstring strength, 0.60 ± 0.29 vs 1.03 ± 0.21 Nm/kg, (P < 0.001). Unaffected knees also had a decrease of quadriceps strength compared to controls, 1.36 ± 0.31 vs 1.64 ± 0.27 Nm/kg and a decrease of hamstring strength, 0.69 ± 0.18 vs 1.03 ± 0.21 Nm/kg, (P < 0.001). The conventional hamstring‐to‐quadriceps ratio was significantly decreased in affected knees compared to controls, 0.46 ± 0.15 vs 0.64 ± 0.13 (P < 0.001) but also in unaffected knees, 0.53 ± 0.16 vs 0.64 ± 0.13 (P = 0.02).No correlation was found between strength and HJHS or Pettersson's score.ConclusionPWMH have a significant knee strength deficit, both on the quadriceps and the hamstrings, which is responsible for an important muscle imbalance.
Erenumab patient characteristics, medication adherence, and treatment patterns in the United States
Authors: Hines Dionne M. , Shah Shweta , Multani Jasjit K. , Wade Rolin L. , Buse Dawn C. , Bensink Mark 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo describe patient characteristics, adherence, and treatment patterns, among adult migraine patients in the United States prescribed erenumab.BackgroundMigraine is a highly prevalent and debilitating disease characterized by recurrent attacks of moderate to severe headache accompanied by non‐headache symptoms. Erenumab is a first‐in‐class calcitonin gene‐related peptide receptor (CGRP‐R) antagonist indicated for migraine prophylaxis in adults.MethodsThis retrospective longitudinal cohort study used IQVIA’s open‐source longitudinal pharmacy (LRx) and medical (Dx) claims databases to identify adult migraine patients with an initial claim (index date) for erenumab between May 1, 2018 and April 30, 2019. Patients were required to have ≥180 days of follow‐up. Erenumab dosing patterns, persistence, and adherence (using medication possession ratio [MPR] and proportion of days covered [PDC]), and discontinuation of other commonly prescribed acute and prophylactic anti‐migraine therapies were assessed. Dose changes in acute therapies after initiation of erenumab were assessed in a subset of patients with an adequate trial of erenumab (≥2 additional erenumab claims within the 80 days following the index claim).ResultsA total of 64,174 patients met the study criteria. Mean (SD) age was 48 (13) years and 85.2% (n = 54,656) were female. The initial erenumab dose was 70 mg for the majority of patients (65.1%; n = 41,790); most (81.4%; n = 34,019) maintained their index dose during follow‐up. Overall, 30.8% (n = 19,797) of patients had a PDC ≥ 0.80 and 41.7% (n = 26,769) had a MPR ≥ 0.80. Discontinuation rates of acute and other prophylactic migraine therapies after initiation of erenumab (among users of the respective therapies) were 48.7% (22,965/47,190) and 36.1% (16,602/46,006), respectively. Dose decreases among triptan, ergot compound, opioid, and barbiturate users were observed after initiation of erenumab.ConclusionsAlmost all patients had prior use of acute or preventive therapy. Adherence to erenumab was higher than traditional oral prophylactic migraine therapies; however, overall adherence was still suboptimal. The decrease in use of acute and preventive prescription medications following initiation of erenumab suggests effectiveness in the real‐world setting.
Preliminary single‐center experience of Helicobacter pylori eradication among the liver transplant recipients
Authors: Xie Man , Li Qing , Zhang Bei , Zhang Qun , Tian Qiu‐Ju , Liu Hong , Zang Yun‐jin , Rao Wei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among orthotopic liver transplant (LT) recipients and explore the efficacy and safety of H. pylori eradication therapy.MethodsLiver transplant recipients receiving regular follow‐up in our center were assessed by 13C‐urea breath test between February 2018 and July 2020. A group of healthy tested patients were selected as control group at a rate of 1:3. All LT recipients with H. pylori were recommended to receive eradication therapy with bismuth‐containing quadruple therapy (BQT), which included esomeprazole 20 mg + clarithromycin 500 mg + amoxicillin 1 g + bismuth 220 mg, twice daily for 14 days.ResultsThe prevalence of H. pylori infection among the LT recipients was 19.6% (30/153), which was significantly lower than the control group (30/153 [19.6%] vs. 200/459 [43.6%], p < 0.001). In LT recipients who received transplantation at <1 year, 1–3 years, and >3 years, the prevalence of H. pylori infection was 10.6% (5/47), 17.5% (10/57), and 30.6% (15/49), respectively, which increased with the time after transplantation (p = 0.04). With BQT, the eradication rate of H. pylori was 91.3% (21/23). During the process of eradication, the blood trough concentration of immunosuppressants increased from 1.7 to 3.6 times, and reducing the dose of the drugs to one‐third of what they were before the eradication therapy could avoid excessively elevated concentration of immunosuppressants. Adverse effects occurred in 55.2% (11/23), of the LT recipients and 21.0% (42/200) of the control group (p < 0.01), which was probably caused by the increased blood concentration of immunosuppressants. Normal liver function was observed, while transient abnormal kidney function was occurred in one recipient.ConclusionThe prevalence of H. pylori infection was 19.6% among the LT recipients, which increased with the postoperative time. With BQT, H. pylori eradication was safe and effective in LT recipients.
A scoping Review of tools used to assess patient Complexity in rheumatic disease
Authors: Hawker Kara , Barnabe Cheryl , Barber Claire E.H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivePatients with rheumatic diseases often have multiple comorbidities which may impact well‐being leading to high psychosocial complexity. This scoping review was undertaken to identify complexity measures/tools used in rheumatology that could help in planning and coordinating care.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL were searched from database inception to 14 December 2019 using keywords and Medical Subject Headings for “care coordination”, “complexity” and selected rheumatic diseases and known complexity measures/tools. Articles describing the development or use of complexity measures/tools in patients with adult rheumatologic diagnoses were included regardless of study design. Included articles were evaluated for risk of bias where applicable.ResultsThe search yielded 407 articles, 37 underwent full‐text review and 2 were identified during a hand search with 9 included articles. Only 2 complexity tools used in populations of adult patients with rheumatic disease were identified: the SLENQ and the INTERMED. The SLENQ is a 97‐item patient needs questionnaire developed for patients with systemic lupus (n = 1 study describing tool development) and applied in 5 cross‐sectional studies. Three studies (a practice article, trial and a cross‐sectional study) applied the INTERMED, a clinical interview to ascertain complexity and support coordinated care, in patients with rheumatologic diagnoses.ConclusionsThere is limited information on the use of patient complexity measures/tools in rheumatology. Such tools could be applied to coordinate multidisciplinary care and improve patient experience and outcomes.Patient contributionThis scoping review will be presented to patient research partners involved in co‐designing a future study on patient complexity in rheumatic disease.
Organic winter cereals benefit bumblebee colonies in agricultural landscapes with mass‐flowering crops
Authors: Gayer Christoph , Biermann Alina , Dieterich Martin , Reidl Konrad , Batáry Péter 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Scant floral resources are a major cause of declining pollinator populations in farmland. Measures to increase floral resources on arable land include agronomically non‐productive approaches, like flowering fields (seed mixture of flowering forbs sown on fallows) and production‐integrated approaches like organically farmed crops sustaining flowering arable wild plants. However, little is known about their relative efficacy for bumblebee conservation.
We observed weight gain, foraging activity, worker body size, queen brood cell number and analysed stored pollen types of Bombus terrestris colonies experimentally sited adjacent to arable fields farmed under four crop‐use types: (i) cereal mono‐crops (winter wheat) under conventional farming, (ii) non‐productive conventional flowering fields, (iii) organic cereal mono‐crops (winter spelt) and (iv) organic legume mixed‐crops (lentil mixed‐crop). Additionally, we analysed the effects of flower cover in the surrounding landscape.
Colonies located adjacent to organic winter spelt fields had higher foraging activity and larger body sizes, whereas other colony performance measures were unaffected by local crop‐use type. Phacelia tanacetifolia, which was only cultivated in flowering fields, accounted for about 50% of the total pollen amount irrespective of crop‐use type. This indicated a landscape‐wide attraction for B. terrestris to flowering fields. Flower cover in the surrounding landscape did not affect colony development, but negatively affected pollen diversity.
We conclude that although the pollen supply of flowering fields in the surrounding landscape strongly attracts bumblebees, local bumblebee populations could still benefit from less intensive farming practices increasing flowering wild plant diversity, such as with flower‐rich organic winter cereals.
A qualitative study exploring the patients’ perspective from the ‘Reserved Therapeutic Space’ nursing intervention in acute mental health units
Authors: Moreno‐Poyato Antonio R. , El Abidi Khadija , Rodríguez‐Nogueira Óscar , Lluch‐Canut Teresa , Puig‐Llobet Montserrat 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the perspective of people who had experienced treatment as patients at acute mental health units, regarding an intervention model to improve therapeutic relationships in the units, which had been previously designed by the nurses. The study participants were people linked to collectives for social activism in mental health. Six focus groups were held. The results were classified into three themes: (a) the meaning of a space to enable the establishment of a therapeutic relationship, (b) the procedures to implement the space, and (c) the difficulties to overcome to establish the space. For the participants, the Reserved Therapeutic Space intervention was perceived as a space where they could share expectations and needs with the nurses, considering it as both valid and useful to improve the therapeutic relationship in acute units. For the participants, the intervention should be structured in three stages: orientation, follow‐up, and discharge. The content of the intervention should be proposed by the patients based on their needs and concerns. The barriers identified for carrying out the intervention were the lack of relational competence, the violation of rights, and the lack of accessibility of nurses. The facilitating elements were the availability of nurses, active listening, and empathy. The resulting intervention model includes realities of both groups, providing insights for nurses to initiate a space with patients and improve their therapeutic relationship. This intervention model could be used by managers to test its effectiveness.
Coarse‐grained β‐Si3N4 powders prepared by combustion synthesis
Authors: Cui Wei , Li Fei , Tian Zhaobo , Zhang Jie , Du Songmo , Chen Zhanglin , Chen Kexin , Liu Guanghua 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCoarse‐grained β‐Si3 N4 powders were prepared by combustion synthesis under N2 pressure of 6 MPa, with a low diluent content of not more than 10 wt.% and high reaction temperature of >1900°C. β‐Si3 N4 was obtained as the major phase in the products, except for a small amount of residual Si. The addition of carbon black was effective to reduce the residual Si, but resulted in the formation of β‐SiC when too much carbon black was used. The coarse‐grained β‐Si3 N4 powders consisted of β‐Si3 N4 crystals with an average thickness of more than 10 µm, and some crystals were thicker than 20 µm. The growth mechanism of the coarse β‐Si3 N4 crystals was discussed, associated with the particular reaction conditions in combustion synthesis.
A systematic review of the educational experiences and needs of children with cancer returning to school
Authors: Martinez‐Santos Alba‐Elena , Fernandez‐De‐La‐Iglesia Josefa del Carmen , Sheaf Greg , Coyne Imelda 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimsTo critically review and synthesize empirical studies on childhood cancer survivors' experiences and needs on returning to school after treatment.DesignA mixed‐method systematic review.Data SourcesA search of CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE, MEDLINE, ERIC and Web of Science was conducted for studies published in English, Spanish and Portuguese languages between January 2010 and May 2020.Review MethodsTwenty‐one studies were eligible for inclusion (13 qualitative studies, 6 quantitative and 2 mixed‐method studies). The quality of the studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme and the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings were synthesized using data‐based convergent synthesis design.ResultsFindings were synthesized under four themes: academic continuity and school re‐entry; physical and psychological well‐being; school life and participation and stakeholders' responses to childhood cancer. Findings indicated that prolonged/recurring absences, physical and mental changes, personal/health factors impacted children's social participation, peer relationships and school re‐integration. Factors which contributed to a more positive experience included maintaining contact with peers and teachers throughout treatment, peer relationships, understanding and support from school community. Sharing information about cancer was an ongoing challenging issue for children, that needed to be handled sensitively.ConclusionIt is evident that re‐entry to school was very challenging for most children due to treatment side effects, prolonged absences, disrupted peer relationships, lack of preparation and lack of communication between schools, families and healthcare professionals.ImpactDespite the growing number of childhood cancer survivors worldwide, there is a deficit of studies about children's re‐entry experiences and educational needs. This review illustrates the considerable challenges that children face on school re‐entry and the critical importance of better care, support and collaboration from healthcare professionals, parents and school personnel. Nurses could help by raising awareness and leading on preparation for school re‐entry.
Can a pandemic make people more socially conservative? Political ideology, gender roles, and the case of COVID‐19
Authors: Rosenfeld Daniel L. , Tomiyama A. Janet 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe first months of 2020 rapidly threw people into a period of societal turmoil and pathogen threat with the COVID‐19 pandemic. By promoting epistemic and existential motivational processes and activating people's behavioral immune systems, this pandemic may have changed social and political attitudes. The current research specifically asked the following question: As COVID‐19 became pronounced in the United States during the pandemic's emergence, did people living there become more socially conservative? We present a repeated‐measures study (N = 695) that assessed political ideology, gender role conformity, and gender stereotypes among U.S. adults before (January 25–26, 2020) versus during (March 19–April 2, 2020) the pandemic. During the pandemic, participants reported conforming more strongly to traditional gender roles and believing more strongly in traditional gender stereotypes than they did before the pandemic. Political ideology remained constant over time. These findings suggest that a pandemic may promote the preference for traditional gender roles.
The impact of risk and protective factors on online teaching experience in high school Italian teachers during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Truzoli Roberto , Pirola Veronica , Conte Stella 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe lockdown due to COVID‐19 in Italy resulted in the sudden closure of schools, with a shift from traditional teaching to the online one. Through an online questionnaire, this survey explores teachers' experience of online teaching, the level of risk factors (e.g., stress) and protective factors (e.g., locus of control) and their impact on satisfaction levels during the social distancing. One hundred seven high school teachers from Lombardy, an Italian region very affected by the COVID‐19 outbreak, participated. Results show that depression and stress are the main predictors of satisfaction levels for online teaching. In addition, coping, locus of control and self‐efficacy emerge as important protective factors. Finally, although there is great satisfaction with the online teaching experience, critical elements emerged. This study is relevant because it describes the critical elements of the online teaching experience, and identifies some protective factors and the main risk factors in teachers operating in an area strongly marked by social restrictions imposed by the pandemic. High school teachers emerge as a sub‐group of the general population with specific psychological reactions. Considering the results, it is possible to suggest providing high‐quality educational support and crisis‐psychological oriented services to teachers, and help to maintain the psychological well‐being.
Cell‐specific network analysis of human folliculogenesis reveals network rewiring in antral stage oocytes
Authors: Wang Shengran , Gong Yun , Wang Zun , Greenbaum Jonathan , Xiao Hong‐Mei , Deng Hong‐Wen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlthough previous studies have explored the gene expression profiles of human oocytes and granulosa cells by single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq), the dynamic regulatory network at a single‐cell resolution during folliculogenesis remains largely unknown. We identified 10 functional modules by WGCNA, four of which were significantly correlated with primary/antral oocyte and antral/pre‐ovulatory granulosa cells. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the brown module, which was correlated with antral oocyte, was enriched in oocyte differentiation, and two core subnetworks identified by MCODE were involved in cell cycle (blue subnetwork) and oogenesis (red subnetwork). The cell‐specific network (CSN) analysis demonstrated a distinct gene network structure associated with the antral follicular stage, which was notably different from other developmental stages. To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore gene functions during folliculogenesis at single‐cell network level. We uncovered two potential gene subnetworks, which may play an important role in oocyte function beginning at the antral stage, and further established their rewiring process at intra‐network/whole transcriptome level. The findings provide crucial insights from a novel network perspective to be further explored in functional mechanistic studies.