bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photovoltaic - Battery Operated Electric Vehicle with an Energy Management Strategy
Authors: Gomathy S. , Sabarimuthu M. , Krithika Sree S. , Radha J. , Vennila R. , Krishna M.P. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Hybrid energy storage systems have many advantages, including the use of multi-input converters, such as reduced part count, flexibility power, and absolute control of energy sources. In these systems, an Energy Management Strategy must wisely determine the power levels of the sources. Energy management strategy for photovoltaic/ battery including a bidirectional multiple - input converter electric vehicle is presented in this article. The proposed Energy management strategy not only regulates the state-of-charge of photovoltaic. The battery power profile is also smoothed by using a fuzzy controller and a rate limiter. Since the energy transfer between battery and Photovoltaic is free in this multi-input converter. This results in a hybrid energy storage system that is sustainable and has improved battery life. The feasibility of the proposed system is systematically tested by a simulation study and an observational framework involving an actual electric vehicle. In this paper the results proves that Energy Management Strategy for photovoltaic including electric vehicle is presented. The enhancement of the battery cycle-life is discussed because of the battery / PV hybridization based on experimental performance.
Investigation on PMSM for electric vehicle applications using co-simulation of MATLAB and magnet software
Authors: Sheela A , Atshaya M , Revathi S , Jeyapaul Singh N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Transportation plays an important role in all our day to day life. Advancements in technology have uplifted the transportation system into the next level by the introduction of E-Vehicle. E-vehicles are the replacement of gasoline vehicles which are the major reason for depletion of ozone layer. The main component of the E-vehicle is the motor which basically decides the efficiency of the vehicles. The design of the machine has a great impact on the efficiency and as well as on the engines output. Due to the poor analysis of electromagnetic properties of the motor, undesired fluctuations and pulsations would occur causing harmonics to take place thereby there is a huge increase in iron loss. This will also affect the control over the vehicle at low speed. A reasonable method to avoid such issues is to introduce an additional step of analyzing the electromagnetic properties before prototyping the machine. Analysis of the machine is done on the perspective with the integration of the motor and the other components. A new design phase where multi-domain analysis defines these phenomena will assist in the task of achieving an optimal design. A specific simulation tool for each domain is needed for analysis of the entire sys-tem. The co-simulation is carried out on a 10-pole, 12-slot interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) in this paper to do finite element analysis in order to achieve the necessary efficiency.
Solar Powered Battery Charging System Using Optimized PI Controller for Buck Boost converter
Authors: Sivamani D , Shyam D , Nazar Ali A , Premkumar K , Narendiran S , Albert Alexander S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The basic framework for tuning Genetic Algorithm (GA) is to bring the system to stable condition with proportional Integral controller for DC-DC converter (Buck -Boost Converter) which is applied to PV source. Due to its non-linear characteristics, the performance of the controller needs to be improved in order to improve its efficiency. The gating pulses of the converter uses Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) technique in order to reduce its THD level. The main purpose of PI controller is to bring down the large values of instabilities in the system response and to reduce steady state error which in turns improves the gain and accuracy. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is a search algorithm to solve optimization problems. The controller parameters are optimized to produce reasonable transient response without affecting the stable operation. Output voltage magnitude of DC–DC converter is either greater than or lesser than the input voltage magnitude. Variable DC voltage from PV panel is applied to DC – DC converter to get constant DC output voltage. The modelling of the Proposed system is modelled using MATLAB/SIMULINK and its results are verified.
Analysis of Three Phase Nine Level Diode Clamped Multi Level Inverter
Authors: Nagarajan L , Anne Rosaline A , Baladhandapani R , Nazar Ali A , Stonier Albert Alexander 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Compared to conventional inverter (square wave) multi-level inverter offers quality power owing to different voltage levels utilization in average and high voltage. Besides it also reduces Total Harmonic Distortion in the distributed system and dv/dt across power switches. This advantage is transcendently appropriate for cascaded diode connected converter that can be worked to create more number of levels using asymmetrical voltage source because of their integrated arrangement. However, this benefit no longer exist because it requires many dc links (batteries or rectifiers) which is costlier. Substitute method of implementing single low voltage floating DC link is to recompense voltage distortion using Neutral-Point-Clamped (NPC) converter. This NPC output and controlled floating single DC-link voltage along with controlled PWM strategy reduces the THD. This improves the bandwidth and make simpler the current control scheme. These motivated the study and analyze the performance of a Diode Clamp based three phase nine level multilevel inverterusingnovel PWM approaches in MATLAB 2014b and PROTEUS for hardware development. Thus low power prototype is developed and its performance is shown.
A Novel IoT Based Power Monitoring System
Authors: Suriya S. , Agusthiyar R , Vijayalakshmi N.V , Shyamala Devi J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The use of IoT is increasing day by day; the significance and utilization is on the increase with more sophistication. In real world situation the electricity board calculates the bill amount and passed to the user mail or EB card. Now an efficient power monitoring system is proposed which uses a sensor at the heap to ascertain current, a circuit is utilized to figure voltage and with these two, power can be computed. Control qualities are put away in cloud database. Noninvasive current transformer sensor which receives the input from the live power supply and transfer the value to Voltage sensor, Nodemcu gets the value from voltage sensor and stores it in cloud database. With the help of cloud database user can monitor the power consumption value. Home automation can be achieved with the help of Relay Module and separate Nodemcu. Devices can be controlled from cloud dashboard. EB bill is a big challenging expenditure on day to day life. To overcome this situation Power Monitoring System will be very useful for the Average Salary people and also it overcomes the Electricity theft, unwanted Power wastage, avoidance of high power consumption devices.
Water quality monitoring via cloud application: Brief review
Authors: Abdul Muta’ali A N , Sazali N , Ghani S A C , Walter J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the growing issue of water pollution and resources, the need for a remote water monitoring system has never been more crucial. The implementation of remote monitoring system has a growing interest in the current technology development. Evolution of wireless sensor networks, coding automation and control systems led to the introduction of Internet of Things. This paper aims to review a monitoring system via cloud application to make known of current available system. Cloud application system was studied extensively by various researcher, but research study focusing for water quality monitoring is still scarce. Two main objectives in the studies were designing low-cost system and ease of operation. Most of researchers designed their system using ZigBee, one of IoT system that is currently trending. Currently, cloud system was not widely applied in real industrial application due to lack of experimental evidence. Several enhancements that can be made were proposed.
The effect of temperature on low temperature vacuum drying with induced nucleate boiling for stingless bees honey
Authors: Halim N F , Basrawi M F , Azman N A M , Sulaiman S A , Razak S B A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Low Temperature Vacuum Drying (LTVD) with induced nucleate boiling is a new method that has been invented to reduce the water content of honey at a lower temperature without damaging the nutrient content of honey. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of temperature on the dewatering rate by this LTVD method. The honey sample was placed in a pressure vessel and the air from the vessel was removed to create a vacuum condition. This experiment was conducted by using three different temperature which was 40 °C, 45 °C and 50 °C. The honey sample was dewatered for 5 minutes and each condition was repeated three times. The water content before and after the experiment was measured by a digital refractometer. Final water content decrease from 26.5 % to 25.1 % from temperature 40 °C to 50 °C. The dewatering rate increase from 0.14 %/min to 0.28 %/min when the temperature increase from 40 °C to 50 °C. The highest dewatering rate was obtained at 50 °C. However, considering the quality conservation of honey, it is suggested to apply a temperature of 45 °C to get a high dewatering rate while considering the quality of honey. It could be concluded that the temperature effect the final water content and dewatering rate of honey.
Performance assessment of conceptual bifacial solar PV system in varying albedo conditions
Authors: Sreenath S , Sudhakar K , Yusop A F 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
There is a rapidly growing interest in bifacial module based solar PV. Unlike conventional solar PV modules, the energy output of the bifacial PV module is affected by the reflectance of the ground surface (albedo). This paper aims to assess the performance of conceptual bifacial solar PV systems in varying albedo conditions. Besides, the comparison of energy generation between monofacial and bifacial solar PV system is carried out. In this regard, four sites on an educational campus having different albedo factor is chosen. The annual energy output, specific yield, and performance ratio are estimated using PVSyst simulation software. The energy output of 164.5 MWh/year is predicted for the minimum albedo factor of 0.15. While 175.8 MWh/year is expected for the maximum albedo factor of 0.85. The specific yield for Case 5 (bifacial) is 10.58 % higher than that estimated for Case 1 (monofacial). Based on annual energy generation, the site of Case 4 is the best location for the solar PV system among the studied cases. It is concluded that setting up of bifacial solar PV module on the ground surface with a high value of albedo factor is suitable to maximize energy generation.
Hydroinformatics based technique for leak identification purpose – An experimental analysis
Authors: Hanafi M Y , Ghazali M F , Azmi W H , Yusof M F M , PiRemli M A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Analysis of single point pressure transient signal has the potential of providing information on the pipeline system. The technique uses the frequency response and experiments are satisfactory for low-frequency bandwidth. The concept behind this approach is that reflections are detected by leak-induced disturbances. Such reflections are often very difficult to identify, particularly because of excessive noise. The common approach to boost the analysis is to use a data denoising approach. The wavelet transforms for leak detection in water pipelines are proposed in this article. The wavelet filter is optimally calibrated using maximal kurtosis values and is chosen for leakage detection. The suggested approach is tested using high-noise laboratory test signals. The findings show that the method is superior to current signal processing methods for the conditions used. The system permits not only the detection of leakage but also the location and evaluation of its magnitude with errors of less than 7%.
Bioactivities of nano-scale magnesium oxide prepared using aqueous extract of Moringa Oleifera leaves as green agent
Authors: Amrulloh Hanif , Fatiqin Awalul , Simanjuntak Wasinton , Afriyani Hapin , Annissa Annissa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this research, nano-size MgO (NS-MgO) was prepared from MgCl2 solution using aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaves (AEMOL) as green agent. Preparation procedure involved mixing of MgCl2.6H2O solution and the AEMOL, followed by dropwise addition of NaOH solution. The formation of NS-MgO in this synthesis was confirmed using UV-Vis absorption. The spherical crystal structure of NS-MgO was confirmed by XRD analysis. The average particle size of the synthesised NS-MgO was found between 40–70 nm using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images and particle size analyser (PSA) results. Based on the maximum inhibition concentration (MIC) it was found that the NS-MgO has good antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. faecalis, E. coli, and S. dysenteriae bacteria (MIC values: 250–500 μg ml−1), and much stronger antifungal activity against A. flavus, A. niger, and C. albican (MIC values: 62.5–125 μg ml−1). These findings suggest prospective potential of NS-MgO synthesised as therapeutic candidate for the treatment of candidiasis.
Excellent antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities of Fe–SnO2 nanoparticles as promising antiseptics and disinfectants
Authors: Obeizi Zahra , Benbouzid Houneida , Bouarroudj Tayeb , Bououdina Mohamed 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In recent years, nosocomial infections and antibiotic resistance are major public health problems. Nanotechnology should open new avenues to treat and prevent diseases. In this research work, iron-doped tin dioxide (Fe-SnO2) nanoparticles have been synthesized by the chemical co-precipitation method. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the formation of nanocrystalline SnO2 single phase with Fe favoring grain growth, the crystallite size increases from 13 up to 29 nm. FT-infrared spectroscopy analysis shows the presence of peaks characteristic of the SnO2 phase. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy analysis indicates Fe doping induces red-shift of SnO2 bandgap. Morphological observations by scanning electron microscopy reveal randomly arranged irregular-sized compact grains with sponge-like microstructure. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis (EDX) confirms the purity of Fe-doped SnO2. Bacteria produce siderophores capable of capturing iron, a necessary nutrient. For this reason, SnO2 has been doped particularly with Fe to facilitate the entry of nanoparticles into the bacterial cell and improve its antibacterial activity. Fe-SnO2 nanoparticles exhibit significant antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activities against all tested microorganisms; it is found that biofilm eradication of the tested strains is higher than 90%. The fabricated Fe–SnO2 nanopowders have potential as antiseptics and disinfectants that will eliminate, kill, or inactivate microorganisms usually found on inert surfaces such as soil, walls, medical-surgical equipment, to prevent nosocomial infections in hospitals.
Ultrasonic assisted solvent extraction in synthesis of ceria nanofluids from rare earth material for heat exchange application
Authors: Giri R , Ghosh M , Tripathy A , Nath G 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Power ultrasound energy has been extended to sample pretreatment and particle disruption, as a consequence of which its penetration to atomic and subatomic spacing enhances the extraction of materials from their ores. Solvent extraction technique was employed for extraction of cerium from rare earth element by use of compatible optimum blended solvent. Nanoceria was prepared using cerous nitrate (Ce(NO3)3 · 6H2O) and ammonium acid carbonate (NH4HCO3) as starting materials resulted from extraction of rare earth material by ultrasonic cavitation method. Experimental techniques like x-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, infrared spectroscope, UV-Vis spectra and fluorescence spectrophotometer are employed for characterisation and analysis of other material properties of the ceria nanoparticles. Thermo physical properties like density and viscosity were measured in aqueous ceria nanofluids for different temperatures and volume fractions. Measured values of thermal conductivity and ultrasonically computed values are compared for optimum concentration of CeO2 nanofluid and the effect of ultrasonication in enhancement of thermal conductivity is discussed.
A study on compressive behaviour and biocompatibility of direct metal laser sintered Ti64 cellular structures
Authors: Jaivignesh M , Babu A Suresh , Arumaikkannu G 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) process is widely used for biomedical applications and to fabricate Cellular Structures (CS). Titanium alloy (Ti64) CS were modelled as a honeycomb structure with variations in pore diameters (0.8 mm, 0.9 mm and 1.0 mm) and interpore distances (1.6 mm, 1.7 mm and 1.8 mm) in this research work. The maxillofacial region is considered for implementation of CS, with mandible being the selected application. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was carried out on all CS models and the least von-mises stress was observed to be 48.67 MPa and the corresponding Young’s modulus was calculated to be 34.76 GPa. Based on FEA results, CS were fabricated through DMLS and tested for compressive behaviour. The average Young’s modulus was calculated to be 32.10 GPa, the average compressive strength was evaluated to be 51.25 MPa and the average strain energy was calculated to be 0.94 J, respectively. The FEA and experimental results were in correlation with each other. Since CS was able to withstand the required load for mandibular implant application, it can be considered as safe. The compressive behaviour of Ti64 CS was observed to be sensitive to varying rate of loading. A ductile fracture was observed upon fractography analysis and the CS exhibited a martensitic microstructure, which accounts for good compressive strength. The average surface roughness of the CS was measured to be 1.26 μm, which is within a suitable range of tissue growth for mandibular implant. The tissue culture was done to study the biocompatibility of CS and an increase in the percentage of cell viability was observed as 55% on day 1, 68% on day 3 and 75% on day 5, respectively.
Implementation of a Sample Pooling Strategy for the Direct Detection of SARS-CoV-2 by Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chan Clarence W , Kwon Seunghyug , Matushek Scott M , Ciaglia Carol , Bethel Cindy , Beavis Kathleen G 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To report our institutional experience in devising and implementing a pooling protocol and process for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing over a 3-month period in the fall of 2020.

Methods
The widespread testing implemented in the United States for detecting SARS-CoV-2 infection in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has led to a significant shortage of testing supplies and therefore has become a major impediment to the public health response. To date, several institutions have implemented sample pooling, but publications documenting these experiences are sparse. Nasal and nasopharyngeal samples collected from low-positivity (&lt;5%) areas were tested in pools of five on the Roche cobas 6800 analyzer system. Routine SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR turnaround times between sample collection to result reporting were monitored and compared before and after sample pooling implementation.

Results
A total of 4,131 sample pools were tested over a 3-month period (during which 39,770 RT-PCR results were reported from the Roche system), allowing our laboratory to save 13,824 tests, equivalent to a conservation rate of 35%. A 48-hour or less turnaround time was generally maintained throughout the pooling period.

Conclusions
Sample pooling offers a viable means to mitigate shortfalls of PCR testing supplies in the ongoing pandemic without significantly compromising overall turnaround times.
Multilevel prioritization of gene regulators associated with consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer
Authors: Song Kai , Cai Hao , Zheng Hailong , Yang Jing , Jin Liangliang , Xiao Huiting , Zhang Jiashuai , Zhao Zhangxiang , Li Xin , Zhao Wenyuan , Li Xia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs) are emerging as critical factor for prognosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. Gene regulators, including chromatin regulator, RNA-binding protein and transcriptional factor, are critical modulators of cancer hallmark, yet little is known regarding the underlying functional mechanism in CMSs. Herein, we identified a core set of 235 functional gene regulators (FGRs) by integrating genome, epigenome, transcriptome and interactome of CMSs. FGRs exhibited significant multi-omics alterations and impacts on cell lines growth, as well as significantly enriched cancer driver genes and pathways. Moreover, common FGRs played different roles in the context of CMSs. In accordance with the immune characteristics of CMSs, we found that the anti-tumor immune pathways were mainly activated by FGRs (e.g. STAT1 and CREBBP) in CMS1, while inhibited by FGRs in CMS2–4. FGRs mediated aberrant expression of ligands, which bind to receptor on immune cells, and modulated tumor immune microenvironment of subtypes. Intriguingly, systematic exploration of datasets using genomic and transcriptome co-similarity reveals the coordinated manner in FGRs act in CMSs to orchestrate their pathways and patients’ prognosis. Expression signatures of the FGRs revealed an optimized CMS classifier, which demonstrated 88% concordance with the gold-standard classifier, but avoiding the influence of sample composition. Overall, our integrative analysis identified FGRs to regulate core tumorigenic processes/pathways across CMSs.