bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gendered workload allocation in universities: A feminist analysis of practices and possibilities in a European University
Authors: Steinþórsdóttir Finnborg S. , Carmichael Fiona , Taylor Scott 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe negotiated allocation of teaching and institutional service workload in universities is a key determinant of the quantity and quality of all work for academic staff. There is abundant quantitative evidence that women and men experience differential outcomes from faculty, school, or departmental workload allocation processes and convincing theoretical explanations as to why this happens. We add to this knowledge through feminist analysis of a mixed methods case study of an academic unit in a European University, focusing on gendered dynamics in the workload allocation processes there. Our analysis follows the “sweaty concept” methodology proposed by Sara Ahmed as a means of developing feminist theory that is founded on embodied experiences of discomfort in worlds that are not welcoming. The concept we develop through this is “inequitable modeling”; it suggests that while workload allocation processes are understood by model designers as a managerial tool to enable transparency and fairness (forms of procedural equity), the managed, especially women, experience them as opaque and unfair (forms of lived inequity). We conclude by questioning the principles and outcomes of such tools in achieving gender equity, and then describe how a feminist approach to workload modeling and allocation might be implemented.
Epigenetic gene regulation in plasma cells
Authors: Patterson Dillon G. , Kania Anna K. , Zuo Zhihong , Scharer Christopher D. , Boss Jeremy M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHumoral immunity provides protection from pathogenic infection and is mediated by antibodies following the differentiation of naive B cells (nBs) to antibody‐secreting cells (ASCs). This process requires substantial epigenetic and transcriptional rewiring to ultimately repress the nB program and replace it with one conducive to ASC physiology and function. Notably, these reprogramming events occur within the framework of cell division. Efforts to understand the relationship of cell division with reprogramming and ASC differentiation in vivo have uncovered the timing and scope of reprogramming, as well as key factors that influence these events. Herein, we discuss the unique physiology of ASC and how nBs undergo epigenetic and genome architectural reorganization to acquire the necessary functions to support antibody production. We also discuss the stage‐wise manner in which reprogramming occurs across cell divisions and how key molecular determinants can influence B cell fate outcomes.
Pandemics and firms: Drawing lessons from history
Authors: Cevik Serhan , Miryugin Fedor 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic caused an unprecedented and synchronized contraction in the global economy. To assess the likely evolution of firm performance going forward, this paper investigates empirically the impact of past pandemics using firm‐level data on more than 537,000 nonfinancial companies from 14 developing countries during the period 1998–2018. The analysis indicates that the prevalence of infectious diseases has an economically and statistically significant negative effect on nonfinancial corporate performance. This adverse impact is particularly pronounced on smaller and younger firms, compared to larger and more established corporations. We also find that a higher number of infectious‐disease cases in the population increases the probability of failure among nonfinancial firms, particularly for small and young firms. In the case of COVID‐19, the magnitude of these effects will be much greater, given the unprecedented scale of the outbreak and strict policy responses to contain its spread.
Nurses back pain beliefs, coping strategies and factors associated with participant activation for self‐management of back pain
Authors: Nkhata Loveness A. , Brink Yolandi , Ernstzen Dawn , Louw Quinette A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimsTo determine the back pain beliefs, coping strategies and factors associated with participant activation for self‐management of back pain amongst nurses working in peri‐urban district healthcare centres.DesignA descriptive cross‐sectional study design.MethodsData were collected between February and March 2020 using a self‐administered questionnaire. Descriptive data analysis was done in Stata version 20.0. Back pain beliefs, participant activation and coping strategies were presented using relative frequencies and percentages. Odds ratios at 5% significance level were used to test association of factors for participant activation for self‐management of back pain.ResultsMajority of the participants had experienced back pain which lasted 3 days for half of the participants. Further, pain medication was commonly used to cope with back pain. In addition, age, gender and work‐setting were significantly associated with participant activation for self‐management of back pain.ConclusionParticipants’ coping strategies for back pain were linked to the conveyed back pain beliefs which demonstrate that participants believed in rest and lengthy periods of time off work for back pain. However, participants acknowledged that taking an active role in determining one's health and function is vital. This highlights the importance of self‐management support for health behaviour change amongst nurses.ImpactThe study addressed back pain beliefs, coping strategies and participant activation for self‐management of back pain amongst nurses in peri‐urban healthcare centres. Majority of the participants experienced back pain which lasted 3 days. Pain medication was commonly used to cope with back pain. Age, gender and work‐setting were significantly associated with participant activation for self‐management of back pain. Although this study was conducted in Zambia, outcomes from this study may be of benefit to nurses in similar settings. Further, the research provides insight to the international body of knowledge on the process and appropriateness of international research in resource‐constrained settings.
Sex differences in psychiatric comorbidity and clinical presentation in youths with conduct disorder
Authors: Konrad Kerstin , Kohls Gregor , Baumann Sarah , Bernhard Anka , Martinelli Anne , Ackermann Katharina , Smaragdi Areti , Gonzalez‐Madruga Karen , Wells Amy , Rogers Jack C. , Pauli Ruth , Clanton Roberta , Baker Rosalind , Kersten Linda , Prätzlich Martin , Oldenhof Helena , Jansen Lucres , Kleeven Anneke , Bigorra Aitana , Hervas Amaia , Kerexeta‐Lizeaga Iñaki , Sesma‐Pardo Eva , Angel Gonzalez‐Torres Miguel , Siklósi Réka , Dochnal Roberta , Kalogerakis Zacharias , Pirlympou Mara , Papadakos Leonidas , Cornwell Harriet , Scharke Wolfgang , Dikeos Dimitris , Fernández‐Rivas Aranzazu , Popma Arne , Stadler Christina , Herpertz‐Dahlmann Beate , De Brito Stephane A. , Fairchild Graeme , Freitag Christine M. 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundConduct disorder (CD) rarely occurs alone but is typically accompanied by comorbid psychiatric disorders, which complicates the clinical presentation and treatment of affected youths. The aim of this study was to investigate sex differences in comorbidity pattern in CD and to systematically explore the ‘gender paradox’ and ‘delayed‐onset pathway’ hypotheses of female CD.MethodsAs part of the FemNAT‐CD multisite study, semistructured clinical interviews and rating scales were used to perform a comprehensive phenotypic characterization of 454 girls and 295 boys with CD (9–18 years), compared to 864 sex‐ and age‐matched typically developing controls.ResultsGirls with CD exhibited higher rates of current major depression, anxiety disorders, post‐traumatic stress disorder and borderline personality disorder, whereas boys with CD had higher rates of current attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder. In line with the ‘gender paradox’ hypothesis, relative to boys, girls with CD showed significantly more lifetime psychiatric comorbidities (incl. Alcohol Use Disorder), which were accompanied by more severe CD symptoms. Female and male youths with CD also differed significantly in their CD symptom profiles and distribution of age‐of‐onset subtypes of CD (i.e. fewer girls with childhood‐onset CD). In line with the ‘delayed‐onset pathway’ hypothesis, girls with adolescent‐onset CD showed similar levels of dimensional psychopathology like boys with childhood‐onset CD, while boys with adolescent‐onset CD had the lowest levels of internalizing psychopathology.ConclusionsWithin the largest study of CD in girls performed to date, we found compelling evidence for sex differences in comorbidity patterns and clinical presentation of CD. Our findings further support aspects of the ‘gender paradox’ and ‘delayed‐onset pathway’ hypotheses by showing that girls with CD had higher rates of comorbid lifetime mental disorders and functional impairments, and they usually developed CD during adolescence. These novel data on sex‐specific clinical profiles of CD will be critical in informing intervention and prevention programmes.
The ‘Flood Resilience Rose’: A management tool to promote transformation towards flood resilience
Authors: Karrasch Leena , Restemeyer Britta , Klenke Thomas 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCoping with the growing impacts of flooding in EU countries, a paradigm shift in flood management can be observed, moving from safety‐based towards risk‐based approaches and holistic perspectives. Flood resilience is a common denominator of most of the approaches. In this article, we present the ‘Flood Resilience Rose’ (FRR), a management tool to promote harmonised action towards flood resilience in European regions and beyond. The FRR is a result of a two‐step process. First, based on scientific concepts as well as analysis of relevant policy documents, we identified three ‘levels of operation’. The first level refers to the EU Floods Directive and an extended multi‐layer safety approach, comprising the four different layers of protection, prevention, preparedness and recovery, and related measures to be taken. This level is not independent but depends both on the institutional (second level) and the wider (third level) context. Second, we used surveys, semi‐structured interviews and group discussions during workshops with experts from Belgium, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom to validate the definitions and the FRR's practical relevance. The presented FRR is thus the result of rigorous theoretical and practical consideration and provides a tool capable to strengthen flood risk management practice.
Let your past define your future? How recalling successful financial experiences can increase beliefs of self‐efficacy in financial planning
Authors: Hoffmann Arvid O. I. , Plotkina Daria 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFinancial self‐efficacy, or the perceived ability to succeed in managing one's personal financial affairs, is fundamental to effective consumer financial decision making. However, little is known about how to improve consumers' financial self‐efficacy and which consumers are more or less responsive to potential policy interventions. We address these questions through an experimental study among US consumers. We find that asking consumers to recall and analyze successful (unsuccessful) experiences regarding the management of their personal finances is associated with higher (lower) financial self‐efficacy. We provide insight into the underlying process of this effect through moderation and mediation analyses. In particular, we show that the effect of a recall and analyze intervention utilizing a successful previous experience is more pronounced for consumers with a more optimistic personality. Finally, consumers who develop greater financial self‐efficacy as a result of our intervention display more self‐control, leading to a higher financial planning propensity and actual planning.
An integrative literature review of the implementation of advance care planning in hospital settings
Authors: Cerulus Marie , Bossuyt Inge , Vanderhaeghen Birgit 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo identify and synthesise existing literature about action research in the implementation of advance care planning in a hospital setting.BackgroundDespite the proven added value of advance care planning, there is a lack of wide integration of this concept. There are several obstacles known for the implementation but it remains unclear how these can be overcome. Action research is described in the literature as a plausible way to overcome obstacles to the implementation of quality enhancing projects.DesignAn integrative literature review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) and reported in accordance with the PRISMA statement.MethodsWe searched databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Web of Science to identify executed action research for the implementation of advance care planning programs within a hospital setting, from January 2005 until November 2019. Studies were assessed for comprehensiveness and were supplemented by studies in reference lists of included articles. A quality appraisal and a thematic synthesis were performed on all included studies.ResultsFive studies met inclusion criteria. Interventions focused on both nurses, physicians and hospitalised patients. Interventions targeted three different themes: identifying at‐risk patients, adapting documentation to the local context and using communication improvement tools.ConclusionsA Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool is proposed to identify patients in need of advance care planning to work more efficiently. Furthermore, adapting documentation and instruments to a specific care context are shown to make advance care planning more effective. Communication challenges can be addressed by promoting communication skills and increase stakeholder self‐confidence.
The protective effect of JZL184 on ovarian ischemia reperfusion injury and ovarian reserve in rats
Authors: Demir Çaltekin Melike , Özkut Mahmud Mustafa , Çaltekin İbrahim , Kaymak Emin , Çakır Murat , Kara Mustafa , Yalvaç Ethem Serdar 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimOvarian torsion is a gynecopathology that requires emergency surgery in women. However, ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) occurs after treatment with detorsion. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor JZL184 on ovarian IRI and ovarian reserve.MethodsForty‐eight female Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups. Group 1: Sham, Group 2: Ischemia, Group 3: ischemia/reperfusion (IR), Group 4: IR + JZL184 4 mg/kg, Group 5: IR + JZL184 16 mg/kg, Group 6: IR + vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide). Three hours of ischemia followed by 3 h of reperfusion. Two different doses of JZL184 (4 and 16 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally in Group 4 and 5, 30 min before reperfusion. Ovarian IRI and ovarian reserve were evaluated in serum and tissue by using histopathological and biochemical parameters.ResultsTreatment with JZL184 was associated with a significant increase in ovarian 2‐arachidonoylglycerol and improved serum anti‐Mullerian hormone, İnhibin B, primordial follicle count, and ovarian histopathological damage score (p < 0.05). JZL184 treatment significantly decreased the level of malondialdehyde, and increased superoxide dismutase enzyme activity and glutathione (GSH) levels (p < 0.05). The increased phosphorile nuclear factor‐κB (Phospho‐NF‐κB‐p65), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1beta (IL‐1β), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF‐β1), and TUNEL assay immunopositivity scores in ovarian I/R injury were decreased after treatment with JZL184 (p < 0.05).ConclusionsJZL184 showed significant ameliorative effects on ovarian IRI and ovarian reserve caused by IR through acting as an antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antiapoptotic agent. Thus, JZL184 may be a novel therapeutic agent for ovarian IRI.
Seropositivity in blood donors and pregnant women during the first year of SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission in Stockholm, Sweden
Authors: Castro Dopico X. , Muschiol S. , Christian M. , Hanke L. , Sheward D. J. , Grinberg N. F. , Rorbach J. , Bogdanovic G. , Mcinerney G. M. , Allander T. , Wallace C. , Murrell B. , Albert J. , Karlsson Hedestam G. B. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn Sweden, social restrictions to contain SARS‐CoV‐2 have primarily relied upon voluntary adherence to a set of recommendations. Strict lockdowns have not been enforced, potentially affecting viral dissemination. To understand the levels of past SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in the Stockholm population before the start of mass vaccinations, healthy blood donors and pregnant women (n = 5,100) were sampled at random between 14 March 2020 and 28 February 2021.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional prospective study, otherwise‐healthy blood donors (n = 2,600) and pregnant women (n = 2,500) were sampled for consecutive weeks (at four intervals) throughout the study period. Sera from all participants and a cohort of historical (negative) controls (n = 595) were screened for IgG responses against stabilized trimers of the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike (S) glycoprotein and the smaller receptor‐binding domain (RBD). As a complement to standard analytical approaches, a probabilistic (cut‐off independent) Bayesian framework that assigns likelihood of past infection was used to analyse data over time.SettingHealthy participant samples were randomly selected from their respective pools through Karolinska University Hospital. The study was carried out in accordance with Swedish Ethical Review Authority: registration number 2020–01807.ParticipantsNo participants were symptomatic at sampling, and blood donors were all over the age of 18. No additional metadata were available from the participants.ResultsBlood donors and pregnant women showed a similar seroprevalence. After a steep rise at the start of the pandemic, the seroprevalence trajectory increased steadily in approach to the winter second wave of infections, approaching 15% of all individuals surveyed by 13 December 2020. By the end of February 2021, 19% of the population tested seropositive. Notably, 96% of seropositive healthy donors screened (n = 56) developed neutralizing antibody responses at titres comparable to or higher than those observed in clinical trials of SARS‐CoV‐2 spike mRNA vaccination, supporting that mild infection engenders a competent B‐cell response.ConclusionsThese data indicate that in the first year since the start of community transmission, seropositivity levels in metropolitan in Stockholm had reached approximately one in five persons, providing important baseline seroprevalence information prior to the start of vaccination.
Analysing online Twitter discussions of bedwetting via a condition‐specific hashtag (#Bedwetting)
Authors: Balasubramanian Adithya , Dang Melissa , Yu Justin , Gerber Jonathan A , Seth Abhishek 
Published: May 2021

AimBedwetting is a common paediatric condition. #Bedwetting has been established as the official hashtag to structure Twitter discussions about the condition. We analysed online Twitter discussions for #Bedwetting.MethodsSymplur, a Twitter analytics service was employed to aggregate Twitter activity, users and content including #Bedwetting, between October 2013 and November 2018. Activity was analysed via tweet volume and user adoption. Users were assorted using geographic location, occupation and affiliation data. Content in #Bedwetting Tweets was undertaken by retrieving information about retweets, links, frequently used words and hashtags.ResultsA total of 101 412 tweets and 9957 users utilising #Bedwetting were identified. Most tweets were sent with links (93%). The average ± SD number of tweets using #Bedwetting per month increased from 96 ± 87 in 2013 to 2935 ± 1644 in 2015. Tweet volume decreased to 1960 ± 257 in 2016 and subsequently increased to 2901 ± 1110 in 2017. New users increased from 4 in 2013 to 9957 users in 2018. Users tweeted from 69 countries. Advocacy organisations comprised 35% of the top 100 influencers. Common words in #Bedwetting tweets were ‘potty’, ‘best’ and ‘training’. Popular associated hashtags were #Pottytraining, #Solutions and #Moms. Hyperlinks in #Bedwetting tweets included advocacy, academic and commercial websites.ConclusionsOur analysis of #Bedwetting highlights that Twitter is frequently used to discuss the condition's diagnosis and management. Various stakeholders in health care are utilising the platform to build awareness about bedwetting. We identified that Twitter is being employed to drive web traffic to other internet websites.
Narrative of “Here‐and‐Now”: Cancer Survivors in a Group Psychotherapy Using SCT® (Systems‐Centered Therapy)1,2
Authors: Kamozawa Akane , Oshima Sumiko , Mizukawa Yoshifumi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study focused on “here‐and‐now” narrative and examined the process of group psychotherapy for cancer survivors using systems‐centered therapy (SCT). In contemporary society, cancer survivors have a vital need for psychological support, and group psychotherapy and peer support are used as part of this need. In most of these interventions, participants are encouraged to speak freely and share their experience of cancer. This generally means speaking about “there‐and‐then” experience. It has been argued that one reason that narrative therapy produces a psychological effect is that the meaning of an experience changes when the experience is spoken about. SCT differs significantly from other group interventions in that it requires participants to talk about their here‐and‐now experience through the format of SCT's “functional subgrouping.” Functional subgrouping requires participants to listen, reflect, and build on similarities in their experience. In this study, we qualitatively examined how participants' experiences unfolded in the SCT group by directly addressing the group process. The study findings revealed that even though the participants did not directly share their cancer experiences in the group, they experienced an inexplicable sense of connectedness that had a positive psychological effect on them. They also experienced deep emotions through talking while using the SCT narrative style. In the process, the effects of the SCT narrative were discussed.
The Spill‐over Effect of Formal Bowing Motion on Subjective Facial Attractiveness1
Authors: Osugi Takayuki , Kawahara Jun I. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBowing is an act, commonly used in Japan, involving lowering the head and bending the upper body towards another person as a greeting. Studies have shown that the bowing action increases the subjective attractiveness of the face. Specifically, the attractiveness rating of a bowing 3D computer graphics model was found to be higher than those of the bending‐backward or the standing‐still conditions. However, previous studies did not manipulate the duration of the bowing action. This study examined whether the effect of bowing on the facial impression increases as the duration of bowing actions (the bending motion, the bent posture, and the return motion) was prolonged. In Experiment 1, we compared two durations of the bent posture at the peak point under the bending‐forward condition (0 or 1.5 s). In Experiment 2, we also manipulated the effect of the bowing speed (0.5 or 1 s). The results indicated that the effect of bowing on the rating scores of subjective attractiveness increased as the duration of bowing actions was prolonged. Moreover, an identical pattern of results was obtained in judgments of politeness and submissiveness. These findings suggest that the bowing effect is closely related to the cognitive schema of politeness and submissiveness, and thus the formal bowing action produces a positive evaluation by further activating this schema.