bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibiting the Complement System Does Not Reduce Injury in Renal Ischemia Reperfusion
Authors: PARK PIERCE , HAAS MARK , CUNNINGHAM PATRICK N. , ALEXANDER JESSY J. , BAO LIHUA , GUTHRIDGE JOEL M. , KRAUS DAMIAN M. , HOLERS V. MICHAEL , QUIGG RICHARD J. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.
The complex pathogenesis of ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) includes endothelial expression of adhesion molecules, leukocyte recruitment and activation, reactive oxygen species production, and apoptotic and necrotic cell death. A role for complement in IRI of different organs, including kidney, has been proposed on the basis of results of experiments that used pharmacologic inhibitors as well as animals that were deficient in individual complement proteins. Here, renal IRI in mice was examined. Animals that were deficient in C3 had partial protection from IRI induced by 27.5 min of bilateral renal ischemia, followed by 20 h of reperfusion (blood urea nitrogen [BUN] values, 46.6 ± 6.9 and 68.4 ± 7.9 mg/dl in C3 -/- and C3 +/+ mice; n = 7 and 8, respectively; P = 0.033). Given the reduction in IRI in C3 -/- mice, it was investigated, by use of the rodent C3 convertase inhibitor CR1-related gene/protein y-Ig (Crry-Ig), whether exogenous administration of a complement inhibitor could lessen renal injury. Despite the use of Crry-Ig in high doses, there was no significant reduction of injury induced by 20 to 30 min of ischemia followed by up to 30 h of reperfusion. Histologic examination revealed acute tubular necrosis and neutrophilic infiltration, both of which correlated significantly with BUN values (P < 0.001). Of interest, C3 deposition around renal tubules was significantly less in animals with IRI, compared with that in unmanipulated controls (P < 0.001). In Crry-Ig—treated animals, C3 deposition was inversely proportional to BUN values (r = -0.63; P < 0.001), which presumably indicates that severe vascular IRI allowed access of the 160 kD Crry-Ig to the interstitium. Thus, renal IRI in mice may have a partial complement dependence, yet pharmacologic inhibition of the complement system does not seem to be effective, likely because of the presence of other mediator systems that operate in parallel.
The Microinflammatory State in Uremia
Authors: KAYSEN GEORGE A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.
Mortality is markedly elevated in patients with end-stage renal disease. The leading cause of death is cardiovascular disease. Lipoprotein levels are only slightly elevated in dialysis patients, and cardiovascular risk is inversely correlated with serum cholesterol, suggesting that a process other than hyperlipidemia plays a role in the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Hypoalbuminemia, ascribed to malnutrition, has been one of the most powerful risk factors that predict all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in dialysis patients. The presence of inflammation, as evidenced by increased levels of specific cytokines (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α) or acute-phase proteins (C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A), however, has been found to be associated with vascular disease in the general population as well as in dialysis patients. The process of inflammation, also called the acute-phase response, additionally causes loss of muscle mass and changes in plasma composition—decreases in serum albumin, prealbumin, and transferrin levels, also associated with malnutrition. Inflammation alters lipoprotein structure and function as well as endothelial structure and function to favor atherogenesis and increases the concentration of atherogenic proteins in serum, such as fibrinogen and lipoprotein (a). Inflammation in dialysis patients is episodic. The causes are likely to be multifactorial and include vascular access infection, less-than-sterile dialysate, dialysate back leak, and nonbiocompatible membranes in addition to clinically apparent infection. In addition, proinflammatory compounds, such as advanced glycation end products, accumulate in renal failure, and defense mechanisms against oxidative injury are reduced, contributing to inflammation and to its effect on the vascular endothelium.
Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products on Human Synovial Fibroblasts
Authors: Hou Fan Fan , Jiang Jian Ping , Guo Jun Qi , Wang Guo Bao , Zhang Xun , Stern David M. , Schmidt Ann Marie , Owen William F. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT.
An important component of amyloid fibrils in dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA) is β2-microglobulin (β2m) modified with advanced glycation end products (AGE). The amyloid deposits are located principally in joint structures, with adjacent chronic inflammatory reaction characterized by monocyte infiltration. This study examined the interaction of AGE-β2m with human synovial fibroblasts and investigated the proinflammatory effects of that interaction. It was demonstrated that human synovial fibroblasts constitutively expressed the receptor for AGE (RAGE). RAGE expression was detected mainly in synovial intima and was upregulated in DRA synovium. 125I-AGE-β2m bound to immobilized human synovial fibroblasts in a specific, dose-dependent manner (K
d of approximately 138.0 nM), and binding was inhibited by anti-RAGE IgG. Incubation of human synovial fibroblasts with AGE-β2m induced degradation of this AGE-modified protein, as well as increased monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) mRNA and protein expression. The amount of MCP-1 produced by AGE-β2m-stimulated human synovial fibroblasts was sufficient to induce the chemotaxis of monocytes. MCP-1 synthesis resulted from engagement of RAGE, because the increase in MCP-1 synthesis was attenuated by preincubation of human synovial fibroblasts with anti-RAGE IgG. These data provide evidence of RAGE-mediated perturbation of human synoviocytes, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory processes associated with DRA.
PEDAGOGIA COMO CIÊNCIA DA EDUCAÇÃO: DIMENSÕES EPISTEMOLÓGICAS E CONCEITUAIS
Authors: Moreira Jefferson da Silva , Nunes Mascarenhas Aline Daiane 
Published: April 2021

Este texto, de natureza ensaística, tece provocações sobre a problemática subjacente à base epistemológica da Pedagogia, aqui concebida como um campo de conhecimento, cujo objeto de análise é o fenômeno educativo. Assim, delineamos como objetivo geral deste estudo explorar na literatura o percurso histórico que subsidia a defesa da pedagogia enquanto área de conhecimento e seus pressupostos epistemológicos. Com efeito, a seguinte questão norteadora subsidiou nossas reflexões: quais discussões de natureza epistemológica estão subjacentes às perspectivas teóricas que concebem a Pedagogia enquanto área de conhecimento, em oposição às recomendações oficialmente propostas pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCNP 2006), que a preconiza como um curso de formação de professores? O ensaio está fundamentado teoricamente nas reflexões de Saviani (2009); Libâneo (2010); Franco (2008); Pimenta (2010); Pinto (2011, 2017), que convergem em defender a Pedagogia por ser a Teoria ou a Ciência da Educação. Conclui-se apontando a necessidade de compreensão mais densa sobre a Pedagogia enquanto área de conhecimento, com estatuto epistemológico próprio, contrapondo-nos, desse modo, às recomendações oficialmente propostas pelas DCNP (2006), que a reduz a uma licenciatura para formação de professores.
Mutation profile of the tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma: analysis of 5 cases using wide-panel next-generation sequencing
Authors: Plaksa I. L. , Savchuk M. R. , Shved N. V. , Savelov N. A. , Khmelkova D. N. , Isaev А. A. , Deev R. V. 
Published: April 2021

The study objective is to analyze the mutation profile of the tall cell variant (TCV) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Materials and methods. The main inclusion criteria according to the WHO classification (2017) was PTC composed of at least 30 % of tall cells. Genetic examination was conducted using the FoundationOne CDx assay (USA) with median depth of coverage of >500x. This study included 5 patients (1 man and 4 women) with a mean age of 52.6 years (range: 48-56 years). The tumor size varied between 0.4 x 0.5 cm and 11.0 x 9.0 cm. All patients have undergone surgical treatment: hemithyroidectomy for patient No. 1 with a small tumor (pT1b); thyroidectomy for patient No. 2 (pT3b); extensive thyroidectomy with the removal of paratracheal tissue for patients No. 3, 4, and 5 (No. 3 - pT3bN0; No. 4 - pT3bN1b; No. 5 - pT3bN1b). Three out of the five patients also had adenomatous goiter. The mean follow-up time was 3.4 to 5.2 years.Results. Tumors in all patients were characterized by low mutational load (0 to 4 mutations per 1 million nucleotides (megabase)) and no microsatellite instability. All study participants were found to have p.V600E mutation in the BRAF gene; two patients had c.-124C>T mutation in the promoter region of the TERT gene. All patients carried mutations with unknown clinical significance: p.V562I in the EPHB1 gene (in 2 patients); mutations in the genes AR, CREBBP, EP300, ERCC4, FLT1, IKBKE, JAK2, MAF, MLL2, MST1R, MYC, MYCL1, NTRK2, TSC2 (each mutation registered in one patient). One individual with the largest tumor and the most aggressive disease was found to have amplifications of the BTG2, MAP3K1, SMAD2, and TBX3 genes.Conclusion. In 5 patients analyzed in this study, the mutation profile of TCV PTC was characterized by low mutational load, no microsatellite instability, and presence of p.V600E mutation in the BRAF gene in all cases. Some patients also had c.-124C>T mutation in the TERT gene and p.V562I mutation in the EPHB1 gene.
Pengaruh Perbandingan Resin Dan Katalis Terhadap Kekuatan Tarik Komposit Fiberglass-Polyester Untuk Bahan Pembuatan Kapal
Authors: Alamsyah Alamsyah , Hidayat Taufik , Iskandar Arif Nur 
Published: April 2021

Penggunaan komposit berbahan dasar fiberglass banyak dijumpai dalam pembuatan kapal. Akan tetapi, penggunaan komposit pada proses pembuatan kapal belum memiliki standar mutu yang jelas dan baku mengenai perbandingan antara jumlah resin dan katalis yang digunakan. Sedangkan, jumlah penggunaan resin dan katalis memiliki pengaruh terhadap kekuatan dari komposit berpenguat serat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jumlah katalis yang dicampurkan ke resin terhadap kekuatan tarik komposit fiberglass-polyester. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen yang menggunakan mesin pengujian tarik dengan memvariasikan jumlah katalis pada resin dari 0,5% sampai dengan 2%. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa komposit dengan jumlah katalis 0,5% memiliki nilai kekuatan tarik 4,85 kgf/mm2, elongasi 2,43% dan modulus elastisitas 2,26 kgf/mm2. Komposit dengan jumlah katalis 1% memiliki nilai kekuatan tarik 5,02 kgf/mm2, elongasi 1,71% dan modulus elastisitas 2,96 kgf/mm2. Komposit dengan jumlah katalis 1,5% memiliki nilai kekuatan tarik 5,49 kgf/mm2, elongasi 1,97% dan modulus elastisitas 3,07 kgf/mm2. Komposit dengan jumlah katalis 2% memiliki nilai kekuatan tarik 4,97 kgf/mm2, elongasi 1,62% dan modulus elastisitas 3,11 kgf/mm2. Kekuatan tarik komposit fiberglass-polyester mengalami peningkatan di jumlah katalis 0,5 hingga 1,5% dan mengalami penurunan di jumlah katalis 2%. Nilai kekuatan tarik tertinggi terdapat pada komposit dengan komposisi jumlah resin 100% dan jumlah katalis 1,5%.-
EFIKASI DIRI MAHASISWA PESERTA KEGIATAN PERTUKARAN PELAJAR MELALUI PERKULIAHAN JARAK JAUH
Authors: Fatima Yashinta Meyliana , Nafisah Ainun , Lusiana Theresia Vivi , Dewi Sinta Sukma , Marmoah Sri 
Published: April 2021

Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan meluncurkan program Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka yang salah satu kegiatannya adalah pertukaran pelajar. Namun adanya pandemik Covid-19 menyebabkan perkuliahan pada kegiatan pertukaran pelajar dilaksanakan secara jarak jauh (daring). Pembelajaran jarak jauh sering menimbulkan masalah bagi mahasiswa seperti academic burnout, stres, dan kelelahan emosional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat efikasi diri mahasiswa pada kegiatan pertukaran pelajar dalam pembelajaran daring. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menyebar kuesioner pada 20 mahasiswa dan wawancara pada 6 mahasiswa peserta kegiatan pertukaran pelajar di program studi PGSD UNS-UNY. Lima faktor untuk melihat efikasi diri dalam menyelesaikan pembelajaran daring; berinteraksi secara sosial dengan teman sekelas; menangani alat di CMS (Course Management System); berinteraksi dengan instruktur di pembelajaran daring; dan berinteraksi dengan teman sekelas untuk tujuan akademis (Shen et al., 2013). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat efikasi diri mahasiswa pertukaran pelajar pada masa pembelajaran jarak jauh dalam kategori tinggi dan cukup tinggi. Mahasiswa memiliki keyakinan atau kepercayaan diri yang baik untuk mengikuti program transfer kredit dan berada pada kriteria tinggi.

The Ministry of Education and Culture launched merdeka belajar kampus merdeka program which one of the activities is student exchange. However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the lecture activities in the meant programs is carried out remotely (online). Distance learning often poses problems for students such as academic burnout, stress, emotional fatigue. This study aims to determine the level of self-efficacy of the students who took part in the exchange program which conducted online. The method used in this research is mixed between survey and interview. Questionnaire was given to twenty students of PGSD UNS-UNY who join the exchange program through google form and six of them were interviewed. The results showed that the level of self-efficacy of UNS-UNY exchange student during distance learning is in moderate and high categories. It means that students have good self-confidence and in high criteria to join the credit transfer program. Researchers recommend further research to deepen information.
Unified Pressure and Rate Transient Analysis of Production and Shut-in Data from Fractured Horizontal Wells
Authors: Wang HanYi , Sharma Mukul , McGowen Harold 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Market-induced production shut-downs and restarts offer us an opportunity to gather step-rate and shut-in data for pressure transient analysis (PTA) and rate transient analysis (RTA). In this study, we present a unified transient analysis (UTA) to combine PTA and RTA in a single framework. In this new approach continuous production data, step-rate data, shut-in data and re-start data can be visualized and analyzed in a single superposition plot, which can be used to estimate both Afk and infer formation pore pressure in a holistic manner by utilizing all available data. Most importantly, we show that traditional log-log and square root of time plots can lead to false interpretation of the termination of linear-flow or power-law behavior. Field cases are presented to demonstrate the superiority of the newly introduced superposition plot, along with discussion on the calibration of long-term bottom-hole pressure with short-term measurements.
An Eagle Ford Case Study: Monitoring Fracturing Propagation Through Sealed Wellbore Pressure Monitoring
Authors: Brinkley Kourtney , Ingle Trevor , Haffener Jackson , Chapman Philip , Baker Scott , Hart Eric , Haustveit Kyle , Roberts Jon 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This case study details the use of Sealed Wellbore Pressure Monitoring (SWPM) to improve the characterization of fracture geometry and propagation during stimulation of inter-connected stacked pay in the South Texas Eagle Ford Shale.
The SWPM workflow utilizes surface pressure gauges to detect hydraulically induced fracture arrivals athorizontal monitor locations adjacent to the stimulated wellbore (Haustveit et al. 2020). A stacked and staggered development in Dewitt County provided the opportunity to jointly evaluateprimary completion and recompletion efforts spanning three reservoir target intervals. Fivemonitor wells at varying distances across the unit were employed for SWPM during the stimulation of four wells. An operational overview, analysis of techniques, correlation with seismic attributes, image log interpretations, and fracture model calibration are provided.
Outputs from this workflow allow for a refined analysis ofthe overall completion strategy. The high-density, five well monitor array recorded a total of 160 fracture arrivals at varying vertical and lateral distances, with far-field fracture arrivalsprovidingsignificant insight into propagation rates and geometry. Apronounced trend occurred in both arrival frequency and volumes pumped as monitor locations increased in distance from the treatment well. Specific to target zone isolation, it was identified that traversing vertically in section through a high stress interval yielded a 30% reduction inarrival frequency. An indirect relationship between horizontal distance and arrival frequency was also observed when monitoring from the same interval. A decrease in fracture arrivals from 70% down to 8% was realized as offset distance increased from 120 to 1,700 ft.
The results from this study have proven to be instrumental in guiding interdisciplinary discussion. Assessing fracture geometry and propagation during stimulation, particularly in the co-development of a stacked pay reservoir, is paramount to the determination of proper completion volume, perforation design, and well spacing. Leveraging the observations of SWPM ultimately provides greater confidence in field development strategy and economic optimization.
Evaluating Infill Well Performance and Fracture Driven Interactions Using Intervention Based Distributed Fiber Optics
Authors: Attia Ahmed , Lawrence Matthew 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Distributed Fiber Optics (DFO) technology has been the new face for unconventional well diagnostics. This technology focuses on measuring Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) and Distrusted Temperature Sensing (DTS) to give an in-depth understanding of well productivity pre and post stimulation.
Many different completion design strategies, both on surface and downhole, are used to obtain the best fracture network outcome; however, with complex geological features, different fracture designs, and fracture driven interactions (FDIs) effecting nearby wells, it is difficult to grasp a full understanding on completion design performance for each well. Validating completion designs and improving on the learnings found in each data set should be the foundation in developing each field. Capturing a data set with strong evidence of what works and what doesn't, can help the operator make better engineering decisions to make more efficient wells as well as help gauge the spacing between each well.
The focus of this paper will be on a few case studies in the Bakken which vividly show how infill wells greatly interfered with production output. A DFO deployed with a 0.6" OD, 23,000-foot-long carbon fiber rod to acquire DAS and DTS for post frac flow, completion, and interference evaluation. This paper will dive into the DFO measurements taken post frac to further explain what effects are seen on completion designs caused by interferences with infill wells; the learnings taken from the DFO post frac were applied to further escalate the understanding and awareness of how infill wells will preform on future pad sites.
A showcase of three separate data sets from the Bakken will identify how effective DFO technology can be in evaluating and making informed decisions on future frac completions. In this paper we will also show and discuss how important well spacing can be to the production on each well.
A New Classification of Gas-Hydrate Deposits and Its Implications for Field-Development Potential
Authors: Lau Hon Chung , Wang Jinjie , Zhang Ming 
Published: April 2021

SummaryA new classification of gas-hydrate deposits is proposed that takes into account their location (marine vs. permafrost), porosity type (matrix vs. fracture), and gas origin (biogenic, thermogenic, or mixed). Furthermore, by incorporating currently used Classes 1 through 4, which describe the nature of adjacent strata, a total of 16 classes of hydrate deposits have been identified. This new classification provides detailed information on the properties of the hydrate-bearing layer and adjacent strata that can be used for both scientific research and ranking of field-development potential. Using this new classification system, a qualitative ranking of field-development potential for different classes of hydrate deposits according to likely productivity, capital, and operating costs can be conducted. Finally, we demonstrate the usefulness of this new classification by applying it to 11 well-known gas-hydrate deposits worldwide.
Process Intensification of the ionoSolv Pretreatment: Effects of Biomass Loading, Particle Size and 100-Fold Scale-Up
Authors: Chambon Clementine , Verdía Pedro , Fennell Paul , Hallett Jason 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The ionoSolv process is one of the most promising technologies for biomass pretreatment in a biorefinery context. In order to evaluate the transition of the ionoSolv pretreatment of biomass from bench-scale experiments to biorefinery scale, there is a need to get better insight in process intensification. In this work, the effects of biomass loading, particle size, pulp washing protocols and 100-fold scale up for the pretreatment of the grassy biomass Miscanthus giganteus with the IL triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate, [TEA][HSO4], are presented. Results: At the bench scale, increasing biomass loading from 10 wt% to 50 wt% reduced glucose yields from 68% to 23% due to re-precipitation of lignin onto the pulp surface. Omitting the pulp air-drying step maintained saccharification yields at 66% at 50 wt% loading due to reduced fiber hornification. 100-fold scale-up (from 10 mL to 1 L) improved the efficacy of ionoSolv pretreatment and increasing loadings from 10 wt% to 20 wt% reduced lignin reprecipitation and led to higher glucose yields due to the improved heat and mass transfer caused by efficient slurry mixing in the reactor. Pretreatment of particle sizes of 1–3 mm was more effective than fine powders (0.18–0.85 mm) giving higher glucose yields due to reduced surface area available for lignin re-precipitation while reducing grinding energy needs.Conclusion: Stirred ionoSolv pretreatment showed great potential for industrialization and further process intensification after optimization of the pretreatment conditions (temperature, residence time, stirring speed), particle size and biomass loading. Pulp washing protocols need further improvement to reduce the incidence of lignin precipitation and the water requirements of lignin washing.
Deep Vision Based Surveillance System to Prevent Train-Elephant Collisions
Authors: Gupta Surbhi , Mohan Neeraj , Nagaraju Krishna Chythanya , Karanam Madhavi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Animal conservation is imperative, and a lot of technology has been used in different ways. The endangered species like tiger and elephant has raised the need for such efforts. Human-Elephant Collision (HEC) has been an active area of research but still, the optimum solution is not found. As trains are widely used transportation medium in Asian countries, the rail track is even laid down through forest areas and hence intervene the wildlife. Elephants due to their bulky size often become victims of trains. Such tragedy is common especially in green belts in southern zones of India. To rectify the problem, we have proposed a deep vision-based model to identify the elephant near-site using implanted video cameras. Four different models are proposed for the identification of elephants in image/video. One novel lightweight CNN based model is proposed. Three Transfer Learning (TL) models, i.e., ResNet50, MobileNet, Inception V3 have been experimented and tuned for elephant detection. These highly accurate and precise models can alarm the trains hence it can save a precious life.