bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Prognostic Nomogram based on Risk Assessment for Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma of the Breast after Surgery
Authors: Chen Yuyuan , Yu Caixian , Tang Yiyin , Chen Dedian , Zhu Keying , Guo Rong , Li Zheng , Huang Sheng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) is one of the rare subtypes of breast cancer. This study aimed to explore a novel predictive nomogram model for IMPC prognosis.Methods: A total of 1855 IMPC patients diagnosed after surgery between 2004 and 2014 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database to build and validate nomograms. All the patients included were divided into a training group (n=1300) and a validation group (n=555). A nomogram was created based on univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. In addition, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to demonstrate the accuracy of the prognostic model. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was performed to evaluate the safety of the model in the range of clinical applications, while calibration curves were used to validate the prediction consistency.Results: Cox regression analysis indicated that age ≥62 at diagnosis, negative ER status, and tumor stage were considered adverse independent factors for overall survival (OS), while patients who were married, white or of other races, received chemotherapy or radiotherapy, had a better postoperative prognosis. The nomogram accurately predicted OS with high internal and external validation consistency index (C index) (0.756 and 0.742, respectively). The areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) of the training group were 0.787, 0.774 and 0.764 for 3 years, 5 years and 10 years, respectively, while those of the validation group were 0.756, 0.766 and 0.762, respectively. The results of both DCA and calibration curves demonstrated the good performance of the model.Conclusion: A novel nomogram for IMPC of the breast patients after surgery was developed to estimate 3- and 5-OS based on independent risk factors. This model has good accuracy and consistency in predicting prognosis and has clinical application value.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-based Metabolomics of Blood Plasma from Dairy Calves Infected with the Main Causal Agents of Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD)
Authors: Santos-Rivera Mariana , Fitzkee Nicholas C. , Hill Rebecca A. , Baird Richard E. , Blair Ellianna , Thoresen Merrilee , Woolums Amelia R. , Meyer Florencia , Vance Carrie K. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Each year, Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) results in significant economic loss in the cattle sector, and novel metabolic profiling and early diagnosis techniques represent a promising tool for developing effective measures for disease management. Here, proton - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H - NMR) spectra were used to characterize metabolites from blood plasma collected from dairy calves intentionally infected with the main BRD causal agents, bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) and Mannheimia haemolytica (MH), to generate a well-defined metabolomic profile under controlled conditions. In response to infection, 42 metabolites (BRSV = 27, MH = 24) changed in concentration compared to the Baseline (non-infected) state. Fuel substrates and products exhibited a particularly strong effect, reflecting imbalances that occur during the immune response. Glucose levels decreased only during bacterial infection, suggesting that the clinical signs of bacterial BRD are more energetically taxing than those of viral BRD. Furthermore, 1H - NMR spectra from Baseline and Infected samples were discriminated with an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity ≥ 95% using chemometrics to model the changes associated with disease, suggesting that metabolic profiles can be used for further development and validation of diagnostic tools.
A Cross-sectional Study of the Association between Workplace Bullying or Harassment and Severe Psychological Distress in the US: Stratified by Age, Gender, and Race/Ethnicity
Authors: Lee Jusung , Manalew Wondi , Oh Mihyun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundWe examined the association between bullying/harassment and severe psychological distress (SPD), and the association was stratified by age, gender, and race/ethnicity among working Americans. MethodsThe data for this study came from the 2015 National Health Interview Survey, the most recent data that contains the key outcome, a bullying/harassment measure. A total of 19,456 working Americans over the age of 18 were included for analysis. A dichotomous measure for SPD was constructed using the Kessler-Psychological Distress Scale (K6), and bullying/harassment was dichotomized. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios were estimated from the logistic regression model to determine the association between bullying/harassment and SPD. Additionally, the association was stratified by age, gender, and race/ethnicity. Results The study results showed that adults who experienced bullying/harassment had a higher proportion of SPD (20.3% vs 9.4%; p=<.0001). In the multivariable regression model, bullying/harassment was associated with a greater odd of SPD (AOR 1.71, 95% CI 1.38-2.11). Significant variations existed in the extent to which bullying/harassment impacts SDP across sub-population. Adults ages 18-29 (AOR 2.23, 95% CI 1.59-3.13) and 30-44 (AOR 2.04, 95% CI 1.43-2.91) showed significantly higher odds of SPD in the presence of workplace harassment or bullying experience, while those 45-59 and 60 or above did not show a considerable difference. Both men (AOR 1.93, 95% CI1.43-2.58) and women (AOR 1.59, 95% CI 1.21-2.09) who had workplace bullying or harassment reported increased SPD. The greater SPD associated with bullying or harassment was also found in black (AOR 2.30, 95% CI 1.43-3.69) and the racial/ethnic ‘minority’ (AOR 2.81, 95% CI 1.50-5.28). The results show that workplace bullying/harassment disproportionately impact young adults, women, and racial/ethnic minorities. ConclusionsThe findings increase the knowledge base on the harms of workplace misbehaviors on the worker’s mental health. The study highlights the importance of workplace measures along with individuals’ precautionary behaviors to mitigate prevalent workplace hazards and to make a safe and healthy work environment.
Severe Hemorrhage Secondary To IgA Vasculitis With Varicella Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Jiang Jing , Liao Kai , Guo Hui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
IgA vasculitis (IgAV), formerly named as Henoch Schönlein Purpura, is an IgA-mediated systemic small vessel vasculitis with skin, gastrointestinal tract, joints, and kidneys involvement. It is the most common vasculitis in childhood. Varicella-zoster virus-associated IgA vasculitis has been reported previously in few cases. However, IgA vasculitis complicated by chickenpox rarely occurred severe hemorrhagic manifestation and had not yet been reported. Herein, we present a case of an eight-year-old girl who developed IgA vasculitis complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, including severe acute pancreatitis and acute liver failure secondary to varicella-zoster virus infection and finally underwent blood purification including hemoperfusion, plasmapheresis, and continuous renal replacement therapy. Tumors and other diseases affecting coagulation and platelet function, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, ANCA-associated vasculitis, primary thrombocytopenia, and secondary thrombotic microangiopathies, have been excluded during her hospitalization. Varicella was considered to be the cause of the severe complications. A possible mechanism for the occurrence of severe complications is that chickenpox infection induces the production of heparin-like substances disturbing normal coagulation function, and finally occurs uncontrolled hemorrhage manifestation including gastrointestinal hemorrhage, uncontrolled bleeding at the catheter placement and injection site. She eventually was discharged after undergoing 37 days of treatment by antibiotics, antiviral drugs, protamine neutralizing heparin therapy and various blood products transfusion including platelets, red cells, fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate, fibrinogen, and prothrombin complex transfusions. At the end of a month follow-up, the patient showed the purpuric rashes had nearly faded and had no sign of complication including the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and pancreas. Renal function tests and routine analysis of blood were normal. Hematuria(3+~4+) and proteinuria(1+~2+) can be seen in her urinalyses. At the 5th month follow-up, her renal function test and her urinalysis were normal, and her oral steroids were stopped completely. On this occasion, we should reduce the dose of heparin or no heparin in blood purification for IgA vasculitis complicated by chickenpox to reduce the incidence of severe bleeding or death.
HERQL, a Mobile App to Enhance the Long-term Follow-up of Hernia Patients
Authors: Huang Ching-Shui , Lien Heng-Hui , Tai Feng-Chuan , Wong Jia-Uei , Huang Chi-Cheng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Hernia repair is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide with long-term outcomes less appraised, mainly due to high loss of follow up rate and poor patients’ compliance, which result in a biased estimate of recurrence, complication, and patients’ subjective quality-of-life perception. To overcome these limitations, we developed a novel mobile app to enhance the follow up and outcomes assessment of hernia patients. Materials and Methods: The mobile app was empowered by a cloud-based corroborative system. Hernia patients could administer a quality-of-life measuring instrument, HERQL, to assess outcomes of hernia repair. The HERQL questionnaire comprises a 4-item summative pain score measuring pain and discomfort resulted from various strenuous activities. Symptomatic burden, functional domains, and post-operative satisfaction and potential complications were evaluated. Results:During the one year’s enrollment period, 2615 patients who had their hernias repaired at our hospital were identified from medical records and an invitation was sent through post. Response rate was 11.9% (311 patients followed the instruction, successfully logged on and completed HERQL survey). There were 93 ventral/incisional hernias, 202 groin hernias, and 16 both. The earliest repair took place more than 13 years ago. Overall recurrence rate was 0.96% (n=3), and 88.7% (n=276) of participants rated their last hernia repair as satisfactory/very satisfactory. Around seventy percent of patients (n=213, 68.5%) reported no discomfort relevant to hernia repairs, and 61.1% (n=190) never experience mesh foreign body sensation. Conclusion: The establishment of the mobile app platform could enhance the quality of care for hernia patients and facilitate outcomes research for this common disease with a more comprehensive and complete follow up. The experiences learnt from this study could project to other surgical diseases as well.
Performance and Evolutionary Adaptation of Bulk Populations of Wheat
Authors: Baresel Jörg Peter , Bülow Lorenz , FInckh Maria R. , Frese Lothar , Knapp Samuel , Schmidhalter Urs , Weedon Odette 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of highly heterogeneous bulk populations ("Composite CrossPopulations", CCP) to increase sustainability and resilience of wheat cropping, a so far largely neglected approach. For this purpose, 10 CCP, generated in 2001, based on the same set of 20 older varieties, but evolved under different environmental conditions were compared with 10 recent cultivars and 10 inbred lines extracted randomly from the populations. The trials were performed over 2 years at 4 locations. Despite the older germplasm, the yields of the CCPs were similar to those of recent commercial varieties with comparable protein content, and considerably higher than that of the inbred lines. CCPs that had evolved in different environments differed in some morphological and phenological traits, indicating that adaptation to environmental conditions had taken place through natural selection. The yield stability and health of CCPs was on average higher than that of commercial varieties and considerably higher than that of inbred lines, the latter indicating that the higher stability was due to their high genetic diversity, not to their genetic background. Higher crop densities and a stronger soil cover in the juvenile stage indicate that niche complementarity among the genotypes occurs, which may contribute to an improved use of the available resources. We conclude, that the cultivation of CCP or similar heterogeneous populations represents an important opportunity to increase the resilience of wheat cultivation, which should be given greater consideration in future research and breeding.
Low Serum Osteocalcin Level as a Risk Factor for Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Men: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study
Authors: Moon Jin-Sook , Jin Mi Hyeon 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Recent studies have suggested that low serum osteocalcin levels are associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the association between serum osteocalcin levels and the incidence of MetS remains unclear. This aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum osteocalcin levels and MetS development in Korean men.Methods: This retrospective study included 2,837 Korean men who were not diagnosed with MetS and recruited from the Health Promotion Center from January 2003 through December 2018. They were followed up at the center until the participant was newly diagnosed with MetS or until the last follow-up visit if the participant was not diagnosed with MetS. Serum osteocalcin levels were measured using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The participants were divided into quartiles (Q1–Q4) based on their serum osteocalcin levels. Cox proportional hazard models were used to test the independent association of serum osteocalcin levels with the development of MetS, and hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.Results: In the baseline analysis, blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, body fat mass, fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1c (P for trend < 0.001 for all), total cholesterol (P for trend = 0.026), triglyceride (P for trend = 0.003), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P for trend = 0.031) varied inversely with the osteocalcin quartile. In addition, the prevalence of abdominal obesity (P for trend = 0.001), high blood pressure (P for trend = 0.008), and hyperglycemia (P for trend < 0.001) decreased as the osteocalcin quartile increased. After a mean follow-up time of 2.76 years, MetS occurred in 518 participants (18.26%), and baseline serum osteocalcin levels were found to be inversely associated with the incident risk of MetS (P for trend < 0.001 across quartiles of osteocalcin levels). In a fully adjusted model, HR for MetS in the first quartile (the lowest osteocalcin concentration) was significantly higher than that for MetS in the fourth quartile (HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.06–1.84).Conclusion: Low serum osteocalcin levels at baseline were associated with unfavorable metabolic profiles and a higher risk of incident MetS in Korean men.
Lifespan of Catalase-Deficient Mice Decreases Due to Lysosomal Dysfunction
Authors: Dutta Raghbendra Kumar , Lee Joon No , Maharjan Yunash , Park Channy , Choe Seong-Kyu , Park Raekil 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Lysosomes are a central hub for cellular metabolism and are involved in the regulation of cell homeostasis through the degradation or recycling of unwanted or dysfunctional organelles through the autophagy pathway. Catalase, a peroxisomal enzyme, plays an important role in cellular antioxidant defense by decomposing hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. In accordance with pleiotropic significance, both impaired lysosomes and catalase have been linked to many age-related pathologies with a decline in lifespan. Aging is characterized by progressive accumulation of macromolecular damage and the production of high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although lysosomes degrade the most long-lived proteins and organelles via the autophagic pathway, the role of lysosomes and their effect on peroxisomes during aging is not known. The present study investigated the role of catalase and lysosomal function in catalase-knockout (KO) mice.Results: We found that catalase-deficient mice exhibited an aging phenotype faster than wild-type (WT) mice. We also found that aged catalase-KO mice induced leaky lysosomes by progressive accumulation of lysosomal contents, such as cathespin D, into the cytosol. Leaky lysosomes inhibited autophagosome formation and triggered impaired autophagy. The dysregulation of autophagy triggered mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) activation, which plays a pivotal role in modulating aging. However, the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin rescued leaky lysosomes and aging phenotypes in catalase-deficient aged mice.Conclusion: This study unveils the new role of catalase and its role in lysosomal function during aging.
Novel Strains of Culex Flavivirus and Hubei Chryso-Like Virus 1 From the Anopheles Costai in Western Kenya
Authors: Lwande Olivia Wesula , Näslund Jonas , Sjödin Andreas , Lantto Rebecca , Luande Verah Nafula , Bucht Göran , Ahlm Clas , Agwanda Bernard , Obanda Vincent , Evander Magnus 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background The continued development of advanced molecular tools, for instance DNA barcoding for identification of species and improvements of sequencing technologies is something that we have utilized in our vector surveillance research in order to discover viruses, both novel and already known viruses. MethodsMosquitoes (n=251) were captured using BG sentinel traps in May and July 2019 in Busia County, western Kenya. The mosquitoes were homogenized and screened in pools of ten (10) for presence of mosquito-borne viruses using virus isolation, PCR, and sequencing methods. ResultsNineteen (19) mosquitoes generated results that indicated presence of a flavivirus. Barcoding of those positive mosquitoes revealed Aedes aegypti (1), Mansonia uniformis (6), Anopheles costai (3), Culex pipiens (5), Culex spp (1), Coquilletidia metallica (2) and Culex quinquefasciatus (1). By using an NGS target enrichment protocol specific for viruses, known as the Twist Comprehensive Viral Research Panel (CVRP) (Twist Biosciences), complete genome sequences of two viruses were identified. One was the single-stranded RNA Culex flavivirus, encoding a polyprotein, and the other was double-stranded RNA Hubei chryso-like virus 1. Both viruses were found in the same Anopheles costai mosquito and the homogenate showed cytopathogenic effect in both Vero B4 and C6/36 cells. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that the Culex flavivirus was closely related to a Culex flavivirus isolated from Uganda in 2008. All four Hubei chryso-like virus 1 segments clustered closely to the virus strains isolated from Culex australicus in Australia in 2015. ConclusionsThe detection of both viruses in a single mosquito indicates coinfection. The study findings shift our focus not only to pathogenic mosquito-borne viruses, but also to insect-specific viruses and other novel viruses and their role in the virus transmission cycle.
Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit the Proliferation and Migration of Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis via Exosome-mediated Delivery of miRNAs
Authors: Mi Liangyu , Li Na , Gao Jinfang , Peng Xinyue , Zhang Na , Huo Rongxiu , Liu Ying , Fu Maomao , Zhang Liyun , Xu Ke 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by aggressive and symmetrical polyarthritis. Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes(FLSs)play a central role in the pathogenesis of RA. The abnormal expression of miRNAs in RA FLSs mediates RA joint inflammation，synovial hyperplasia，and tissue destruction; MSC-Exos-derived miRNAs are a potential RA treatment strategy. This study aimed to investigate the hUCMSC-Exos can deliver miRNA to RA FLSs and affect their biological properties. MethodsPrimary hUCMSCs were isolated and cultured by tissue adherence method，and surface markers were identified by flow cytometry. We used differential centrifugation combined with ultrafiltration to obtain hUCMSC-Exos and identify them；The primary RA FLSs were isolated and cultured by trypsin digestion，then surface markers were identified by flow cytometry. We labeled the RNA of hUCMSC-Exos. hUCMSC-Exos was co-cultured with RA FLSs then the dyed RA FLSs were observed with a fluorescence microscope. GV493 with siRNA target sequences that could knock down Ago2 transfected hUCMSCs. Real-time PCR and Westen blot analysis Ago2 levels in hUCMSCs and transfected hUCMSCs to determine knockdown efficiency. Lentivirus GV493 with the target with the highest knockdown efficiency to transfect hUCMSCs，named hUCMSCKD3-Ago2. Then hUCMSC-Exos，hUCMSCKD3-Ago2 -Exos，hUCMSC NC-Exos were extracted by the differential centrifugal method combined ultrafiltration method，then were identified. The real-time cell analysis was used to detected the proliferation and migration of RA FLSs in different concentrations of hUCMSC-Exos. Finally，we used the optimal concentration of hUCMSCKD3-Ago2 -Exos and hUCMSC NC-Exos to intervene in RA FLSs. ResultsAfter incubation with hUCMSC-Exos and RA FLSs，the hUCMSC-Exos accumulated in the blue nuclei of RA FLSs. hUCMSCNC-Exos and hUCMSCKD-Ago2-Exos inhibited the proliferation and migration of RA FLSs compared ，particularly the hUCMSCNC-Exos had the significant inhibitory effect. ConclusionshUCMSC-Exos RNA can be taken up by RA FLSs，and hUCMSC may affect the proliferation and migration of RA FLSs via exosome-mediated delivery of miRNA.
Antiviral Nanostructures That Reduce the Viability of Coronaviruses SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-NL63
Authors: Jaggessar Alka , Yarlagadda Prasad KDV , Spann Kirsten 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The rapid emergence and global spread of the COVID-19 causing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its subsequent mutated strains, has caused unprecedented health, economic and social devastation. Respiratory viruses can be transmitted through both direct and indirect channels, including aerosol respiratory droplets and contamination of inanimate surfaces. Current methods of virus inactivation on surfaces include chemicals and biocides and while effective, continuous, and repetitive cleaning of all surfaces is not always viable. Recent work in the field of biomaterials engineering has established the antibacterial effects of hydrothermally synthesised TiO2 nanostructured surfaces against both Gram-negative and positive bacteria. This study investigates the effectiveness of TiO2 nanostructured surfaces against two human coronaviruses: SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-NL63 for surface-based inactivation. Results: Results show that structured surfaces reduced live infectious viral loads of SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-NL63 by 5 log and 3 log, respectively after 5 hours compared to non-structured surfaces. Interestingly, infectious virus remained present on the control plastic surface after 7 hours exposure.Conclusions: These encouraging results establish the potential use of nanostructured surfaces to reduce the transmission and spread of coronaviruses, by reducing the virus’ infectious period on a surface. The dual antiviral and antibacterial properties of these surfaces give them potential application in high-risk environments such as hospitals and healthcare settings.