bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal Pre-pregnancy BMI Associates With Neonate Brain Local Synchrony in the Left Superior Frontal Gyrus: a Pilot Study
Authors: Rajasilta Olli Paul Einari , Häkkinen Suvi , Björnsdotter Malin , Scheinin Noora , Lehtola Satu , Saunavaara Jani , Parkkola Riitta , Lähdesmäki Tuire , Karlsson Linnea , Karlsson Hasse , Tuulari Jetro 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Maternal obesity/overweight during pregnancy has reached epidemic proportions and has been linked with adverse outcomes for the offspring, including cognitive impairment and increased risk for neuropsychiatric disorders. Prior neuroimaging investigations have reported widespread aberrant functional connectivity and white matter tract abnormalities in neonates born to obese mothers. Here we explored whether maternal pre-pregnancy adiposity is associated with alterations in local neuronal synchrony in the neonate brain. Methods: 21 healthy mother-neonate dyads from uncomplicated pregnancies were included in this study (age at scanning 26.14 ± 6.28 days, 12 male). The neonates were scanned with a 6-minute resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) during natural sleep. Regional homogeneity (ReHo) maps were computed from obtained rs-fMRI data. Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the association of pre-pregnancy maternal body-mass-index (BMI) and ReHo. Results: Maternal adiposity measured by pre-pregnancy BMI was positively associated with neonate ReHo values within the left superior frontal gyrus (FDR/FWE –corrected p < 0.005). Conclusions: Our results imply that maternal pre-pregnancy BMI associates with local functional synchrony within the neonate left superior frontal gyrus. In line with previous studies, our findings indicate that maternal pre-pregnancy BMI has a programming influence on the developing neonate brain functional networks.
TNK2/ACK1&nbsp;Strengthen Influenza A Virus Infection by Blocking Viral Matrix 2 Protein(M2) into Lysosome to Degradation
Authors: Zhou Ao , Dong Xia , Tang Bin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTNK2/ACK1, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, plays critical roles in signalling transduces and trafficking. Our previous genome-wide CRISPR/CAS9 knockout screen revealed that mutant of TNK2 produced more restrict to influenza virus infection. In this study, we aim to illustrate the role of TNK2 for influenza A virus (IAV) replication in human cells.ResultsCRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutant of TNK2 resulted in a significant reduction in viral proteins expression and viral titres for multiple influenza strains, and furthermore, a decrease of nuclear import of IAV in the infected TNK2 mutant cells was observed in 3h post-infection. Interestingly, TNK2 mutation enhanced the colocalization of LC3 with autophagic receptor p62 and led to the attenuation of influenza virus-caused accumulation of autophagosomes in TNK2 mutant cells. Further, confocal microscopy visualization result showed that influenza viral matrix 2 (M2) was colocalized with Lamp1 in the infected TNK2 mutant cells in early infection, while almost no colocalization between M2 and Lamp1 was observed in IAV-infected wild-type cells. Moreover, TNK2 depletion also affected the trafficking of early endosome and the movement of influenza viral NP and M2.ConclusionsOur results identified TNK2 as a critical host factor for influenza viral M2 protein trafficking, suggesting that TNK2 will be an attractive target for the development of antivirals therapeutics.
Frequent Gain- and Loss-of-Function Mutations of the BjMYB113 Gene Accounted for Leaf Color Variation in Brassica Juncea
Authors: An Guanghui , Chen Jiongjiong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Mustard (Brassica juncea) is an important vegetable, and some cultivars have purple leaves and accumulate more anthocyanins than the green. The genetic and evolution of purple trait in mustard has not been well studied. Result: In this study, free-hand sections and metabolomics showed that the purple leaves of mustard accumulated more anthocyanins than green ones. The trait of purple leaves in mustard, Mustard Purple Leaves (MPL), was genetically mapped and a MYB113-like homolog was identified as the candidate gene. We identified three alleles of the MYB113-like gene, BjMYB113a from a purple cultivar, BjMYB113b and BjMYB113c from green cultivars. A total of 45 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 8 InDels were found between the promoter sequences of the purple allele BjMYB113a and the green allele BjMYB113b. On the other hand, the only sequence variation between the purple allele BjMYB113a and the green allele BjMYB113c is an insertion of 1,033-bp fragment in the 3’region of BjMYB113c. Transgenic assay and promoter activity studies showed that the polymorphism in the promoter region was responsible for the up-regulation of the purple allele BjMYB113a and high accumulation of anthocyanin in the purple cultivar. The up-regulation of BjMYB113a increased the expression of genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway including BjCHS, BjF3H, BjF3’H, BjDFR, BjANS and BjUGFT, and consequently led to high accumulation of anthocyanin. However, the up-regulation of BjMYB113 was compromised by the insertion of 1,033-bp in 3’region of the allele BjMYB113c. Conclusion: Our results contribute to a better understanding of the genetics and evolution of the BjMYB113 gene controlling purple leaves and provide useful information for further breeding programs of mustard.
Genetic Diversity and Emerging Zoonotic Onchocerca Species in Human Populations in Taraba State, Nigeria
Authors: Akafyi Danlami , Ndams Iliya Shehu , Nock Ishaya Haruna , Chechet Gloria , Alfons Renz , Moussa Ibrahim M. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: A better understanding of parasite population genetic processes in specific biogeography is needed to support onchocerciasis elimination goals. The genetic diversity of Onchocerca microfilariae was explored by amplifying a fragment of the 16S rRNA gene in the endemic area in Taraba State, Nigeria, Methods: Eight (8) communities were selected including six onchocerciasis endemic communities with records of ivermectin treatment having been annually distributed for 10 to 16 years, and two non-onchocerciasis endemic areas. The participants were 211 from endemic and 110 from non-endemic areas as control. Skin snips were taken from consenting participants by convenience sampling methods using a sterile sclera punch, from males and females residing within the communities for ten years and above or since birth, microfilaria and residual skin snips were preserved in RNALater® in a 1.5 ml micro-centrifuge tube. DNA was extracted from microfilariae recovered and from those in residual skin snip specimens. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification using specific primers for 16S genes was done to detect the identity of Onchocerca species. The amplified products were sequenced and analyzed for species identity. Results: Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis results showed distinct diversity of two sample sequences (G49_O.v. Gashaka and Y02_O.v. Yorro) from other samples from the study area and other regions, indicating emergence of a new polymorphic strain of O. volvulus. Report of a preliminary case of emerging zoonosis of O. ochengi infection in human (skin snips) sample (O. ochengi G44) in this study. Conclusions: It is clear there is genetic diversity of Onchocerca species and emerging zoonosis in the study site. We suggest further investigation on the extent and potentials of emerging zoonotic onchocerciasis by O. ochengi, in the light of cattle, Simulium vectors, environmental and humans overlap in the study area.
Effect of Temperature on the Dielectric and Magnetic Properties of NiFe2O4@MgFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4@MgFe2O4 Core-shell
Authors: Roumaih Kheled 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The core-shell of nanoferrites showed quite different properties rather than the nanoferrites counterpart. The nanocomposites of NiFe2O4@MgFe2O4 (NiF@MgF) and ZnFe2O4@MgFe2O4 (ZnF@MgF) are chemically stable and showed very good dielectric and magnetic properties. In this investigation, the temperature-dependent dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and ac-electrical conductivity were measured up to 650 K under different alternating electric field frequencies from 100 Hz to 8 MHz. The obtained data revealed that the mutual effect between the core and the shell samples increases the space charge polarization. Also, the samples showed the semiconducting-metallic behavior which varies between SP, CBH, and QMT models according to the temperatures and the frequencies. Furthermore, the magnetization M(T) was studied of all samples using the Faraday balance method in the temperature range 300-500K. The experimental results of M(T) exhibit good magnetic properties of the core-shell samples, particularly the sample ZnF@MgF. The novelty in this work is an unexpected behavior of ZnF@MgF which possesses magnetization higher than the pure ferrite phase (MgFe2O4), and Curie temperature (TCm) higher than the room temperature. So, the sample ZnF@MgF is a ferrimagnetic substance. Besides, the effective magnetic moment (mEff) and the Curie-Weiss constant (q) for all samples were obtained from the magnetic susceptibility c(T) protocols.
Retroperitoneal Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy for Horseshoe Kidney: A Case Report
Authors: Zhang Dongxu , Lu Youyi , Sun Fengze , Wang Di , Bao Xingjun , Sun Kai , Wu Jitao , Wang Jipeng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Horseshoe kidney (HSK) have always been a challenge for urologists depending on its particular anatomy. We report a case of renal tumor in a patient with HSK, who underwent tumor resection by retroperitoneal robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Case Presentations: A 47-year-old man presented to our hospital with a solid renal mass. Computed tomography urography (CTU) showed a 4.3 × 4.4 cm mass in the upper pole of the right kidney. Patients received a retroperitoneal robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy on basis of three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions.Conclusion: The present case report highlights the feasibility of robot-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for horseshoe kidney, and the advantages of preoperative 3D reconstructions.
Identification of miR-589-5p as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yao Zhijia , Jiang Chunlin , Weng Huiwen , Fang Shi , Li Heping , Liu Baoxian , Long J 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding RNAs with 22 nucleotides approximately. Numerous studies have reported that microRNAs may hold the potential to serve as biomarkers in diagnosing cancer and predicting prognosis. miR-589-5p is a well-documented oncogenic miRNA implicated in several human cancer types. However, the potential value of miR-589-5p as a biomarker to facilitate early diagnosis and predict prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients remains obscure.Methods: miR-589-5p expression was examined by in situ hybridization (ISH) in 10 adjacent normal tissues (ANT), 21 liver fibrosis tissues, 113 HCC tissues, including 22 HCC with grade I, 37 HCC with grade II, 49 HCC with grade III and 5 hepatocholangiocellular carcinoma tissues. Statistical analysis and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical correlation between miR-589-5p expression and clinicopathological features and survival prognosis in HCC patients.Results: miR-589-5p expression was dramatically upregulated in HCC tissues by in situ hybridization (ISH). Overexpression of miR-589-5p was not only positively correlated with poor tumor differentiation degree, increased AFP levels, advanced clinical stage, distant metastatic status and venous invasion, but also predicted poor overall and relapse-free survival in HCC patients. Importantly, the expression levels of miR-589-5p measured by real-time PCR in high-ISH scores tissues were dramatically upregulated compared with those in low-ISH scores tissues, and a strong and positive correlation of miR-589-5p expression levels in real-time PCR with ISH staining index was demonstrated in HCC tissues.Conclusion: our results support the notion that miR-589-5p might hold a promising value as a novel biomarker to facilitate early diagnosis and predict prognosis in HCC patients.
PTEN is a Predictive Biomarker of Trastuzumab Resistance and Prognostic Factor in HER2-overexpressing Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yokoyama Daiju , Hisamori Shigeo , Deguchi Yasunori , Nishigori Tatsuto , Okabe Hiroshi , Kanaya Seiichiro , Manaka Dai , Kadokawa Yoshio , Hata Hiroaki , Minamiguchi Sachiko , Tsunoda Shigeru , Obama Kazutaka , Sakai Yoshiharu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
IntroductionPoor Trastuzumab (Tmab) response in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-overexpressing gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (HER2-GEA) is reported to be associated with loss of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression.MethodsIn a multicenter, retrospective observational study, pathological samples of HER2-GEA patients receiving Tmab-combined chemotherapy were immunohistochemically analyzed for PTEN expression. Primary endpoints were disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). The effect of PI3K pathway inhibitors on HER2-GEA cell lines were evaluated in in-vitro.ResultsAmong 145 HER2-GEA patients, 29 formed the PTEN-loss group and 116 the PTEN-positive group. In patients with target region, DCR was significantly lower in PTEN-loss than in PTEN-positive patients (67% and 87%, respectively, p=0.049). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that PTEN loss was significantly associated with shorter PFS (HR=1.63, p=0.035) and OS (HR=1.83, p=0.022). PTEN knockdown did not affect the cytostatic effect of 5-FU and cisplatin, while Tmab combined with PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NPV-BEZ235 suppressed the proliferation of PTEN knockdown cells which were resistant to Tmab alone.ConclusionIn HER2-GEA patients, PTEN loss is a predictive biomarker of Tmab resistance and prognostic factor. Molecular-targeted therapy with PI3K/mTOR inhibitor would be an effective treatment option for HER2-GEA with PTEN loss.
A Novel CCR7-Related Immune Prognostic Signature for Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (LIHC) Based on Immunogenomic Profiling
Authors: Qin Lei , Kuai Jun , Yang Fang , Yang Lu , Sun Peisheng , Zhang Lanfang , Li Guangpeng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Object: Explore the specific function of CCR7 in immune mechanism of LIHC, and constructed CCR7-related immune prognostic signature (IPS) for LIHC patients.Methods: The RNA-seq data of LIHC was downloaded from TCGA dataset and the samples were divided into CCR7_H and CCR7_L group. Then, ssGSEA analysis, immune microenvironment analysis, expression level analysis of HLA genes and check point genes were conducted. The differential expression immune genes (DEIGs) were conducted and LASSO Cox was applied to construct CCR7-related IPS. A novel nomogram was constructed to predict survival rate of LIHC patients.Results: The Immune score, Stromal score and ESTAMATE score are higher in CCR_H group, while tumor purity higher in CCR_L group. In CCR7_H group, the HLA genes and immune checkpoint genes have higher expression levels. The CCR7_H group have a favorable prognosis than CCR7_L group. There are 903 DEIGs were identified. The DEIGs mainly enriched in complement activation, adaptive immune response, T cell activation, lymphocyte differentiation and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. The IPS consists of 10 genes, including GHV4-59, SCML4, AKR1B10, LINC00426, TRGC1, F2RL2, TRBV10-3, SAMD9L, SLC4A10 and ROR2. Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis showed that the IPS was an independent prognostic factor of LIHC. Conclusions: The CCR7-related IPS and nomogram were constructed and provided for LIHC patients to predict survival rate. This study provided a novel way to analyzed the prognostic effect of CCR7 expression from the perspective of immunology.
Comparison of Coastline Extraction Methods and Block Classification Method to Extract Coastlines based on Remote Sensing
Authors: Li Zongmei , Chen Hongmei , Nie Qin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Coastlines change with urbanization, and methods to extract coastlines have been previously reported. However, comparisons of these methods are rare. Based on remote sensing image, methods of coastline extraction, namely, the visual interpretation method, the threshold segmentation method, improved normalized water indexes and edge detection algorithms and were studied in Xiamen City, China. The best method to extract coastlines was then determined. The results show that the visual interpretation method for coastline extraction was inefficient. The threshold segmentation method was suitable for small-scale, but not large-scale, coastline extraction, based on coastline area. Improved normalized water indexes were insensitive to sediment shadows. The Sobel method (edge detection algorithms) was suitable for large-scale coastline extraction but could yield false edges. Finally, the block classification method, which combines the advantages of different extraction methods, specifically the threshold segmentation method and improved normalized water indexes, was studied. The results of this study show that coastline extraction by the block classification method is easier and produces better results than coastline extraction by other methods. Therefore, block classification is recommended for the study of coastlines and coastal ecology in large areas.
The Gut Microbiota is Associated with the Small Intestinal Paracellular Permeability and the Development of the Immune System in Healthy Children During the First Two Years of Life
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Mariusz , Löber Ulrike , Adamek Karolina , Węgrzyn Dagmara , Skonieczna-Żydecka Karolina , Malinowski Damian , Łoniewski Igor , Markó Lajos , Ulas Thomas , Forslund Sofia K. , Łoniewska Beata 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe intestinal barrier plays an important role in the defense against infections, and nutritional, endocrine, and immune functions. The gut microbiota playing important role in development of the gastrointestinal tract can impact intestinal permeability and immunity during early life, but data concerning this problem are scare.MethodsWe analyzed the microbiota in fecal samples (101 samples in total) collected longitudinally over 24 months from 21 newborns to investigate whether the markers of small intestinal paracellular permeability (zonulin) and immune system development (calprotectin) are linked to the gut microbiota. The results were validated using data from an independent cohort that included the calprotectin and gut microbiota in children during the first year of life. ResultsZonulin levels tended to increase for up to 6 months after childbirth and stabilize thereafter remaining at a high level while calprotectin concentration was high after chilbirth and begun to decline from 6 months of life. The gut microbiota composition and the related metabolic potentials changed during the first two years of life and were correlated with zonulin and calprotectin levels. Feacal calprotectin correlated inversely with alpha diversity (Shannon index, r =-0.30, FDR P (Q)=0.039). It also correlated with seven taxa; i.a. negatively with Ruminococccaceae (r=-0.34, Q=0.046), and Clostridiales (r=-0.34, Q=0.048) and positively with Stapylococcus (r=0.38, Q=0.023) and Staphylococcaceae (r=0.35, Q=0.04), whereas zonulin correlated with 19 taxa; i.a. with Bacillales (r=-0.52, Q=0.0004), Clostridiales (r=0.48, Q=0.001) and the Ruminococcus (torques group) (r=0.40, Q=0.026). When time intevals were considered only changes in abundance of the Ruminococcus (torques group) were associcated with changes in calprotectin (β=2.94, SE=0.8, Q=0.015). The dynamics of stool calprotectin was negatively associated with changes in two MetaCyc pathways: pyruvate fermentation to butanoate (β=-4.54, SE=1.08, Q=0.028) and Clostridium acetobutylicum fermentation (β=-4.48, SE=1.16, Q=0.026). ConclusionsThe small intestinal paracellular permeability, immune system-related markers and gut microbiota change dynamically during the first two years of life. The Ruminococcus (torques group) seems to be especially involved in controlling paracellular permeability. Staphylococcus, Staphylococcaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Clostridiales, may be potential biomarkers of the immune system. Despite observed correlations their clear causation and health consequences were not proven. Mechanistic studies are required.
Comprehensive Analysis of DNA Methylation Regulator DNA Methyltransferase (DNMT) Family and Ten-Eleven-Translocation (TET) Enzymes Family in Pan-Cancer
Authors: Ouyang Cheng , Li Hao , Sun Liping 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) family and ten-eleven-translocation (TET) family enzymes play pivotal roles in regulating DNA methylation, and are closely related to diverse cancers. This study was designed to clarify the specific roles of DNMT and TET genes in pan-cancers.Methods: The expression, mutation, copy number variations (CNVs), cancer-related pathways, immune cell infiltration correlation, and prognostic potential of DNMT/TET genes were systematically investigated in 33 cancer types using next-generation sequence data from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Results: DNMT3B was more highly expressed in the majority of tumors analyzed than in normal tissues. Most DNMT/TET genes were frequently mutated in uterine carcinosarcoma, and TET1 and TET2 showed higher mutation frequencies in various cancer types. DNMT3B exhibited inclusive copy number amplification in almost all cancers, such as stomach adenocarcinoma(STAD) and colon adenocarcinoma(COAD)l, while most DNMT/TET genes displayed highly copy number deletion in kidney chromophobe（KICH）. DNMT/TET genes were mainly involved in the following cancer-related pathways: UV response DN, mitotic spindle, cholesterol homeostasis, TGF beat signaling, xenobiotic metabolism, G2/M checkpoint, and E2F targets. DNMT/TET genes were significantly correlated with NK cells, CD4 positive T cells, and Tfh cells. Additionally, Most DNMT/TET genes were significantly associated with lower survival rates of adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), mesothelioma, and liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), but played a protective role in thymoma (THYM). Furthermore, overexpression of most DNMT genes, except for DMAP1, was associated worse prognoses in pan-cancer. Conclusion: These results suggest that DNMT/TET genes can serve as potential predictors for prognosis and treatment in pan-cancer, providing new insight for future study.