bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nursing students' experiences and perceptions of an anatomy laboratory session: Mixed methods study
Authors: Asman Oren , Kagan Ilya , Itzhaki Michal 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMany nursing curricula do not offer anatomy laboratories and exposure to cadaveric material. In this mixed methods study, nursing students' perceptions and experiences from an anatomy laboratory session were examined. Students from two academic nursing programs (a four‐year general baccalaureate nursing program and a two‐year accelerated nursing program for non‐nursing baccalaureate graduates) took part in an anatomy laboratory session (N = 223). Participants' learning experiences, emotional experiences, and satisfaction with the anatomy laboratory session were assessed by their responses to closed‐ended questionnaires. Participants' reasons for participation and suggestions for improvement were examined by open‐ended questions. A mixed methods analysis of the data revealed a high level of satisfaction with the anatomy laboratory experience. Positive attitudes and learning experiences correlated with a sense of identification with the nursing profession. Satisfaction was positively associated with a perceived quality of learning and negatively associated with a negative emotional experience. Curiosity and self‐challenge, as well as the quest for tangible, in‐depth learning, were major motivators involved in the students' desire to participate in the session. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses indicated that the educational experience was significant. Therefore, it is recommended to integrate anatomy laboratory sessions into anatomy courses for nursing students. This will help to illustrate and assimilate classroom material and strengthen nursing students' sense of identification with their profession.
Knowledge creation through collaboration: The role of shared institutional affiliations and physical proximity
Authors: Stephens Bryan , Cummings Jonathon N. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper examines how shared affiliations within an institution (e.g., same primary appointment, same secondary appointment, same research center, same laboratory/facility) and physical proximity (e.g., walking distance between collaborator offices) shape knowledge creation through biomedical science collaboration in general, and interdisciplinary collaboration in particular. Using archival and publication data, we examine pairwise research collaborations among 1,138 faculty members over a 12‐year period at a medical school in the United States. Modeling at the dyadic level, we find that faculty members with more shared institutional affiliations are positively associated with knowledge creation and knowledge impact, and that this association is moderated by the physical proximity of collaborators. We further find that the positive influence of disciplinary diversity (e.g., collaborators from different fields) on knowledge impact is stronger among pairs that share more affiliations and is significantly reduced as the physical distance among collaborators increases. These results support the idea that shared institutional affiliations and physical proximity can increase interpersonal contact, providing more opportunities to develop trust and mutual understanding, and thus alleviating some of the coordination issues that can arise with higher disciplinary diversity. We discuss the implications for future research on scientific collaborations, managerial practice regarding office space allocation, and strategic planning of initiatives aimed at promoting interdisciplinary collaboration.
The first five minutes: Initial impressions during autism spectrum disorder diagnostic evaluations in young children
Authors: Wieckowski Andrea Trubanova , de Marchena Ashley , Algur Yasemin , Nichols Lashae , Fernandes Sherira , Thomas Rebecca P. , McClure Leslie A. , Dufek Sarah , Fein Deborah , Adamson Lauren B. , Stahmer Aubyn , Robins Diana L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDiagnosticians report that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is immediately apparent in some, but not all, children ultimately diagnosed. Clinicians' initial diagnostic impressions have implications for ASD early detection, yet the literature raises questions about their accuracy. This study explores diagnostic impressions of ASD specialists made within the first 5 minutes of meeting a young child and investigates factors associated with the match between initial impressions and final diagnoses. Participants were children (n = 294, aged 12–53 months) referred for an ASD evaluation as part of multi‐site ASD screening studies. After 5 minutes observing each child, clinicians with expertise diagnosing ASD recorded if they thought the child would meet criteria for ASD following a complete evaluation, and recorded their confidence in this impression. Clinicians' initial impressions matched the final diagnosis in 81% of cases. Ninety‐two percent of cases initially thought to have ASD met criteria following a full evaluation; however, 24% of cases initially thought not to have ASD also met criteria, suggesting a high miss rate. Clinicians were generally confident in their initial impressions, reporting highest confidence for children initially thought correctly not to have ASD. ASD behavioral presentation, but not demographic characteristics or developmental level, were associated with matching initial impression and final diagnosis, and confidence. Brief observations indicating ASD should trigger referral to intervention services, but are likely to under‐detect positive cases and should not be used to rule out ASD, highlighting the need to incorporate information beyond initial clinical impression.Lay SummaryWhen children come in for an autism evaluation, clinicians often form early impressions—before doing any formal testing—about whether the child has autism. We studied how often these early impressions match the final diagnosis, and found that clinicians could not easily rule out autism (many children who initially appeared not to have autism were ultimately diagnosed), but were generally accurate ruling in autism (when a child appeared to have autism within 5 minutes, they were almost always so diagnosed).
Cataloguing and characterizing interests in typically developing toddlers and toddlers who develop ASD
Authors: Burrows Catherine A. , Bodfish James W. , Wolff Jason J. , Vollman Elayne P. , Altschuler Melody R. , Botteron Kelly N. , Dager Stephen R. , Estes Annette M. , Hazlett Heather C. , Pruett John R. , Schultz Robert T. , Zwaigenbaum Lonnie , Piven Joseph , Elison Jed T. ,   the IBIS Network
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntense interests are common in children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and little research has characterized aspects of interests that are unique to or shared among children with and without ASD. We aimed to characterize interests in a sample of infants at high‐familial‐risk (HR) and low‐familial‐risk (LR) for ASD using a novel interview. Participants included HR siblings who were diagnosed with ASD at 24 months (HR‐ASD, n = 56), HR siblings who did not receive an ASD diagnosis at 24 months (HR‐Neg, n = 187), and a LR comparison group (n = 109). We developed and collected data with the Intense Interests Inventory at 18‐ and 24‐months of age, a semi‐structured interview that measures intensity and peculiarity of interests in toddlers and preschool‐aged children. Intensity of interests differed by familial risk at 24 months, with HR‐ASD and HR‐Neg groups demonstrating equivalent intensity of interests that were higher than the LR group. By contrast, peculiarity of interest differed by ASD diagnosis, with the HR‐ASD group showing more peculiar interests than the HR‐Neg and LR groups at 24 months. At 18 months the HR‐ASD group had more peculiar interests than the LR group, though no differences emerged in intensity of interests. This measure may be useful in identifying clinically‐relevant features of interests in young children with ASD. We also replicated previous findings of males showing more intense interests at 18 months in our non‐ASD sample. These results reveal new information about the nature of interests and preoccupations in the early autism phenotype.Lay summaryIntense interests are common in young children with autism and their family members. Intense interests are also prevalent among typically‐developing children, and especially boys. Here we catalog interests and features of these interests in a large sample of toddlers enriched for autism risk. Children who had family members with autism had more intense interests, and those who developed autism themselves had more unusual interests at 24 months. These results highlight the importance of different aspects of interest in autism.
Production of a fermented solid containing lipases from Penicillium roqueforti ATCC 10110 and its direct employment in organic medium in ethyl oleate synthesis
Authors: Soares Glêydison Amarante , Alnoch Robson Carlos , Silva Dias Glauco , Santos Reis Nadabe dos , Tavares Iasnaia Maria de Carvalho , Ruiz Héctor A. , Bilal Muhammad , de Oliveira Julieta Rangel , Krieger Nadia , Franco Marcelo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe production and direct employment in organic medium in the ethyl‐oleate synthesis of a fermented solid (FS) containing lipases by Penicillium roqueforti ATCC 10110 (PR10110) was investigated. For the production of this FS, the solid‐state fermentation of different agroindustrial waste was used, such as: cocoa shell, sugarcane bagasse, sugarcane bagasse with cocoa shell, and cocoa shell with soybean oil and nutrient solution. The response surface methodology was used to study the effect of independent variables of initial moisture content and inductor concentration, as carbon source and inducer on lipase production. The characterization of the fermented solid in organic medium was also carried out. The highest lipase activity (53 ± 5 U g−1) was 16% higher than that obtained with the nonoptimized conditions. The characterization studies observed high stability of the FS in organic solvents for 5 h at 30°C, as well as at different temperatures, and the residual activity was measured against triolein. The FS was also able to catalyze ethyl‐oleate synthesis maintaining high relative conversion over five reaction cycles of 96 h at 40°C in n‐heptane. These results are promising and highlight the use of the FS containing PR10110 lipases for the first time in biocatalytic processes.
An NHC‐Stabilised Phosphinidene for Catalytic Formylation: A DFT‐Guided Approach
Authors: Sreejyothi P. , Bhattacharyya Kalishankar , Kumar Shiv , Kumar Hota Pradip , Datta Ayan , Mandal Swadhin K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn recent years, the applications of low‐valent main group compounds have gained momentum in the field of catalysis. Owing to the accessibility of two lone pairs of electrons, NHC‐stabilised phosphinidenes have been found to be excellent Lewis bases; however, they cannot yet be used as catalysts. Herein, an NHC‐stabilised phosphinidene, 1,3‐dimethyl‐2‐(phenylphosphanylidene)‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H imidazole (1), for the activation of CO2 is reported.A closer inspection of the CO2 activation process by DFT calculations along with intrinsic bond orbital analysis shows that phosphinidene is associated with phenylsilane through a noncovalent π‐π interaction between two phenyl rings which activates the Si−H bond facilitating hydride transfer to the CO2 molecule. Detailed DFT studies along with spectroscopic experiments were combined to understand the mechanism of CO2 activation and its catalytic reductive functionalisation leading to the formylation of a range of chemically inert primary amides under mild reaction conditions.
Effect of phosphorylation on the planar compaction of reinforcements made of unidirectional flax fibres supported by a thin flax fibre mat
Authors: Mbakop Rodrigue Stéphane , Brouillette François , Lebrun Gilbert 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTransverse compaction of fibre reinforcements has significant importance in the production of complex dry fibre preforms for the resin transfer moulding (RTM) process of composite materials. This work investigates, for the first time, the planar compaction of phosphorylated stacks of unidirectional (UD) reinforcements made of flax yarns held together by a thin layer of short flax fibres. Planar compaction tests were carried out to evaluate the influence of temperature and humidity on the creep percentage, thickness recovery, and permanent deformation of UD reinforcements prepared with and without phosphorylation. It appears that the creep percentage and permanent deformation are more important for phosphorylated reinforcements than for untreated ones. Increasing the compaction temperature and humidity results in an increase of the creep and permanent deformation of phosphorylated fibres. The tensile strength of phosphorylated fibres‐reinforced composites is lower than that of untreated ones while there is no effect on the tensile modulus.
Isolation of Boswelliains A—E, Cembrane‐Type Diterpenoids from Boswellia papyifera, and an Evaluation of Their Wound Healing Properties
Authors: Yu Qi‐Hua , Sura Madhu Babu , Wang Dai‐Wei , Huang Danling , Yan Yong‐Ming , Jiao Ya‐Bin , Lu Qing , Cheng Yong‐Xian 
Published: May 2021

Main observation and conclusionBoswelliains A—E (1—5), five new cembrane‐type diterpenoids, were isolated from the resin of Boswellia papyifera. Their structures, determined by using spectroscopic, computational and chemical methods, demonstrate that 2—5 are novel 4,5‐seco‐, 4,5‐seco‐, 9,10‐seco‐, and 6,7‐seco‐cembrane diterpenoids, and that 1, 4 and 5 bear aldehyde moieties. An evaluation of the wound healing properties of these natural products along with a derivative of 2 shows that compounds 2 and 3 significantly stimulate proliferation, mobility and tuber formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) at the concentration of 20 μmol/L.
Risk factors and clinical outcomes of systemic cancer treatment delays in Filipino patients with solid tumor malignancy during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A single tertiary center study
Authors: Pandy Jessa Gilda , Maaño Omar , Balolong‐Garcia Joanmarie C. , Datukan Jay T. Y. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundCancer care during the Covid‐19 pandemic has been challenging especially in a developing country such as the Philippines. Oncologists were advised to prioritize chemotherapy based on the absolute benefit that the patient may receive, which outbalances the risks of Covid‐19 infection. The results of this study will allow re‐examination of how to approach cancer care during the pandemic and ultimately, help optimize treatment recommendations during this crisis.AimThis study described the factors contributing to treatment delays during the pandemic and their impact on disease progression.Materials and resultsThis retrospective cohort study was done in St. Luke's Medical Center, a private tertiary healthcare institution based in Metro Manila, Philippines, composed of two facilities in Quezon City and Global City. Patients with solid malignancy with ongoing systemic cancer treatment prior to the peak of the pandemic were identified. Clinical characteristics and treatment data were compared between those with delayed and continued treatments. Multivariate analysis was done to determine factors for treatment delays and association of delays with disease progression and Covid‐19 infection. Of the 111 patients, 33% experienced treatment delays and 67% continued treatment during the pandemic. There was a higher percentage of patients on palliative intent who underwent treatment delay, and 64% of delays were due to logistic difficulties. Treatment delays were significantly associated with disease progression (p < .0001). There was no evidence of association between delay or continuation of treatment and risk of Covid‐19 infection.ConclusionsThere was no difference in Covid‐19 infection between those who delayed and continued treatment during the pandemic; however, treatment delays were associated with a higher incidence of disease progression. Our findings suggest that the risks of cancer progression due to treatment delays exceed the risks of Covid‐19 infection in cancer patients implying that beneficial treatment should not be delayed as much as possible. Logistic hindrances were also identified as the most common cause of treatment delay among Filipino patients, suggesting that efforts should be focused into assistance programs that will mitigate these barriers to ensure continuity of cancer care services during the pandemic.
The colors of pre‐Hispanic textiles from cemeteries in the Quillagua and San Pedro de Atacama oases of Northern Chile
Authors: Niemeyer Hermann M. , Cárdenas Lina M. , Véliz David 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFew sources of red (anthraquinoids) and blue (indigoids) dyes were used in pre‐Hispanic textiles from different cultures, periods, and areas in the South‐Central Andes. Yellow dyes have been shown to be mainly flavonoids. Since flavonoids exhibit wide color variations, ample distribution dependent on biogeographical region, and species‐specific patterns, color variation in yellow‐dyed textiles and sources of yellow dyes are predicted to be higher in relation to red‐ and blue‐colored textiles. The study of textile colors, in particular the comparison between yellow and other colors, should shed light on the relationship of people with the environment and on the processes of selection of sources of raw materials for textiles. Colorimetric data in the CIELAB three‐dimensional space were obtained of yarns sampled from pre‐Hispanic textiles from San Pedro de Atacama (37 textiles, 79 yarns of different colors) and Quillagua (41 textiles, 95 yarns of different colors), two archeological areas in Northern Chile sustaining different plant communities. The textiles were assigned to different styles (hence to different biogeographical regions). The results showed that the degree of dispersion of colorimetric data was larger in red than in blue yarns, and did not differ between any other pair of colors, and that the degree of dispersion of colorimetric data of yarns from textiles of different styles differed significantly within yellow yarns but not within yarns of other colors. These results are discussed in terms of the nature, variety, and sources of the dyes involved and reveal the use of a limited number of yellow dyes in Northern Chile.
Effect of water in color changes of historical paintings
Authors: Pasquale Stefania , Gueli Anna Maria 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn conservation and cleaning of historical paintings, the use of water was discouraged because of its effects in terms of swelling and leaching of pictorial materials and of color modification. Nevertheless, water can represent a good substitute of organic solvents and of other tools recently employed for cleaning and restoration. The research article assesses the wetting characteristics and to quantifies the effect of the water absorption on the color changes for historical paintings. For these purposes, different typologies of painting mock‐ups have been prepared in the laboratory to reproduce the main antique pictorial techniques. The results highlighted that the binder played an important function in the wetting properties assessed by contact angle measurement. The water absorption tests underlined that the topography of the painting surface strongly influenced the water absorption. The data have been correlated to colorimetric measurements to quantify the color alteration induced by water. This quantification is important to define the role of water‐based products in cleaning and conservation procedures. The water, in fact, could be a good tool of green chemistry to save the health of the restorer and the environment.
CBCT‐based assessment of the anatomic relationship between maxillary sinus and upper teeth
Authors: Regnstrand Tobias , Torres Andres , Petitjean Eline , Lambrechts Paul , Benchimol Daniel , Jacobs Reinhilde 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo describe the relationship between maxillary sinus (MS) and upper teeth based on cone beam computed tomographic scans (CBCT).Materials and methodsBased on CBCT maxillary imaging data of 147 patients, distance between MS and apices of canines and posterior maxillary teeth were assessed. Distances between tooth roots and sinus were classified into three groups: distant (>2 mm), close (<2 mm) or in contact with MS. Teeth with apical lesions and uncommon root configurations were excluded.ResultsIn total, 1075 teeth of maxillary canines, upper premolars and upper molars were included in this study. Teeth most often in contact with MS were the second (89%) and first (81%) maxillary molar without any significant difference (p = 0.19). Roots most often in contact with MS were the mesiobuccal and distobuccal root of the second molar (85% and 76%; p = <0.01) followed by the palatal root of the first molar (73%). A fifth of the upper canines are situated less than 2 mm from MS.ConclusionsMore than four out of five upper molars (first and second) are in a close relationship to the MS. Knowledge of the anatomical relationship between posterior maxillary teeth and the MS is important for diagnosis and treatment in this area.
CdS‐Enhanced Ethanol Selectivity in Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction at Sulfide‐Derived Cu−Cd
Authors: Mosali Venkata Sai Sriram , Zhang Xiaolong , Liang Yan , Li Linbo , Puxty Graeme , Horne Michael D. , Brajter‐Toth Anna , Bond Alan M. , Zhang Jie 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe development of Cu‐based catalysts for the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) is of major interest for generating commercially important C2 liquid products such as ethanol. Cu is exclusive among the eCO2RR metallic catalysts in that it facilitates the formation of a range of highly reduced C2 products, with a reasonable total faradaic efficiency but poor product selectivity. Here, a series of new sulfide‐derived copper‐cadmium catalysts (SD‐CuxCdy) was developed. An excellent faradaic efficiency of around 32 % but with a relatively low current density of 0.6 mA cm−2 for ethanol was obtained using the SD‐CuCd2 catalyst at the relatively low overpotential of 0.89 V in a CO2‐saturated aqueous 0.10 m KHCO3 solution with an H‐cell. The current density increased by an order of magnitude under similar conditions using a flow cell where the mass transport rate for CO2 was greatly enhanced. Ex situ spectroscopic and microscopic, and voltammetric investigations pointed to the role of abundant phase boundaries between CdS and Cu+/Cu sites in the SD‐CuCd2 catalyst in enhancing the selectivity and efficiency of ethanol formation at low potentials.