bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiative Transfer Simulations for the Observed Decrease of Radio Brightness Temperature of Venus With Increasing Decimeter Wavelengths: Possible Existence of a Reflective or Quasi‐Conductive Subsurface
Authors: Antony Tinu , Suresh Raju C. , Mohan Nithin , Swarup Govind , Oberoi Divya , Krishna Moorthy K. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRadiometric observations of Venus have revealed a monotonic decrease of brightness temperature (Tb) in the decimeter wavelength regime. Such a decrease has also been independently reported by the observations using interferometric radio‐telescopes, like the Very Large Array (VLA) in the USA and the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) in India. In this work, we have carried out microwave radiative transfer (RT) simulations of thermal emission from the Venusian surface at decimeter wavelengths to examine the role of subsurface properties of Venusian regolith in the continuous reduction of Tb at the microwave‐radiowave spectral domain. These simulations are compared against spectral microwave measurements by GMRT over a wide decimeter wavelength regime ranging from ∼23–128 cm. Good agreements are obtained for simulations that consider a two‐layer Venusian surface (a low‐loss medium overlaid over a reflecting/lossy medium) a situation that would arise if the subsurface layer has high dielectric properties due to the presence of semiconducting mineral assemblages such as pyrites, ferroelectric minerals, magnetite–hematite, magnetite–pyrite or magnetite–hematite–pyrite equilibrium assemblages. The thickness of the top layer, the possibilities of the formation of such layers and their geological and chemical evolutions are also discussed.
Saturn's Weather‐Driven Aurorae Modulate Oscillations in the Magnetic Field and Radio Emissions
Authors: Chowdhury M. N. , Stallard T. S. , Baines K. H. , Provan G. , Melin H. , Hunt G. J. , Moore L. , O’Donoghue J. , Thomas E. M. , Wang R. , Miller S. , Badman S. V. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Cassini spacecraft revealed that Saturn's magnetic field displayed oscillations at a period originally thought to match the planetary rotation rate but later found not to. One of many proposed theories predicts that a polar twin‐cell neutral weather system drives this variation, producing observable differences in flows within Saturn's ionosphere. Here, using spectral observations of auroral emission lines taken by the Keck Observatory's Near Infrared Echelle Spectrograph (Keck‐NIRSPEC) in 2017, we derive ion line‐of‐sight velocity maps after grouping spectra into rotational quadrants matching phases of the planetary magnetic field. We measure 0.5 km s−1 wind systems in the ionosphere consistent with predicted neutral twin‐vortex flow patterns. These findings demonstrate that neutral winds in Saturn's polar regions cause the rotational period, as determined via the magnetic field, to exhibit differences and time variabilities relative to the planet's true period of rotation in a process never before seen within planetary atmospheres.
Emergent Constraints on Future Expansion of the Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool
Authors: Park In‐Hong , Yeh Sang‐Wook , Min Seung‐Ki , Son Seok‐Woo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe latest climate models realistically simulate the present‐day climate Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) area, but there is considerable inter‐model spread in future projections. Here we show a strong negative relationship between the present‐day of IPWP area and its future change. When using this “emergent relationship” to constrain future IPWP area change, inter‐model spread of future projections is reduced by more than half compared to raw projections. This emergent constraint is found to be due to the negatively skewed distribution of sea surface temperature (SST) over the Indo‐Pacific Ocean as well as a negative SST‐shortwave radiation feedback in the western Pacific, which leads to a large IPWP expansion in climate models having a small IPWP area in the present‐day climate. This result indicates that a more accurate simulation of the IPWP area in the present‐day climate is crucial to reliable future projections of the tropical climate.
Ni–citric acid coordination polymer as a practical catalyst for multicomponent reactions
Authors: Koolivand Mostafa , Nikoorazm Mohsen , Ghorbani-Choghamarani Arash , Azadbakht Reza , Tahmasbi Bahman 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCoordinative polymers (CP) are a subclass of Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with porous microstructures which have been widely synthesized in recent years and applied in various fields especially in catalysis science. In this work Coordinative polymers (CP) of nickel and citric acid (CA) was prepared as a new catalyst (Ni-CP) and applied in organic multicomponent reactions. The obtained catalyst was characterized by SEM, WDX, EDS, AAS, FT-IR, XRD and BET analysis. N2adsorption–desorption isotherms indicate good BET surface area for Ni-CP; therefore can be employed as an efficient catalyst in multicomponent reactions for the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline and 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives. Finally, this catalyst was recovered and reused several consecutive times.
The activity of the intrinsically water-soluble enzyme ADAMTS13 correlates with the membrane state when bound to a phospholipid bilayer
Authors: Kamenac Andrej , Obser Tobias , Wixforth Achim , Schneider Matthias F. , Westerhausen Christoph 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMembrane-associated enzymes have been found to behave differently qualitatively and quantitatively in terms of activity. These findings were highly debated in the 1970s and many general correlations and reaction specific models have been proposed, reviewed, and discarded. However, new biological applications brought up the need for clarification and elucidation. To address literature shortcomings, we chose the intrinsically water-soluble enzyme a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) and large unilamellar vesicles with a relative broad phase transition. We here present activity measurements of ADAMTS13 in the freely dissolved state and the membrane associated state for phosphocholine lipids with different acyl-chain lengths (13:0, 14:0 and 15:0) and thus main phase transition temperatures. While the freely dissolved enzyme shows a simple Arrhenius behavior, the activity of membrane associated ADAMTS13 in addition shows a peak. This peak temperature correlates with the main phase transition temperature of the used lipids. These findings support an alternative theory of catalysis. This theory predicts a correlation of the membrane associated activity and the heat capacity, as both are susceptibilities of the same surface Gibb’s free energy, since the enzyme is attached to the membrane.
Modeling of CO2 adsorption capacity by porous metal organic frameworks using advanced decision tree-based models
Authors: Abdi Jafar , Hadavimoghaddam Fahimeh , Hadipoor Masoud , Hemmati-Sarapardeh Abdolhossein 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn recent years, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have been distinguished as a very promising and efficient group of materials which can be used in carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects. In the present study, the potential ability of modern and powerful decision tree-based methods such as Categorical Boosting (CatBoost), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Random Forest (RF) was investigated to predict carbon dioxide adsorption by 19 different MOFs. Reviewing the literature, a comprehensive databank was gathered including 1191 data points related to the adsorption capacity of different MOFs in various conditions. The inputs of the implemented models were selected as temperature (K), pressure (bar), specific surface area (m2/g) and pore volume (cm3/g) of the MOFs and the output was CO2 uptake capacity (mmol/g). Root mean square error (RMSE) values of 0.5682, 1.5712, 1.0853, and 1.9667 were obtained for XGBoost, CatBoost, LightGBM, and RF models, respectively. The sensitivity analysis showed that among all investigated parameters, only the temperature negatively impacts the CO2 adsorption capacity and the pressure and specific surface area of the MOFs had the most significant effects. Among all implemented models, the XGBoost was found to be the most trustable model. Moreover, this model showed well-fitting with experimental data in comparison with different isotherm models. The accurate prediction of CO2 adsorption capacity by MOFs using the XGBoost approach confirmed that it is capable of handling a wide range of data, cost-efficient and straightforward to apply in environmental applications.
Understanding Burden in Caregivers of Adults With Dysphagia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rangira Daniella , Najeeb Hiba , Shune Samantha E. , Namasivayam-MacDonald Ashwini 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
A previous review suggested that dysphagia is negatively associated with burden in caregivers of community-dwelling older adults. Other literature suggests similar patterns of burden may be found across adult patient populations. The current study, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, was conducted to determine the impact of dysphagia on caregivers of adults, regardless of etiology.

Method:
Five electronic databases were searched using terms based on a review by Namasivayam-MacDonald and Shune (2018) but included all adults rather than only older adults. Searches were limited to English-language empirical studies discussing caregiver burden, included caregivers of adult care recipients, had some care recipients with dysphagia, did not include palliative care, and published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Results:
The search yielded 1,112 unique abstracts, of which 17 were accepted. Across studies, caregiver burden was found to increase due to dysphagia in care recipients. Commonly reported dysphagia-related causes of burden included changes in meal preparation, disruption in lifestyle, effects on social life, lack of support, insertion of feeding tubes, and fear of aspiration. In general, dysphagia-related caregiver burden was a common experience across caregivers, regardless of patient population, caregiver age, and relationship between caregiver and care recipient. Meta-analyses suggest 71% of caregivers of adults with dysphagia experience some degree of burden.

Conclusions:
These findings support that dysphagia negatively impacts caregiver burden and suggests sources of burden that clinicians can address within dysphagia management to support caregivers. However, more research is needed to better delineate sources of burden, especially those specific to various dysphagia etiologies, to better meet the needs of our patients.
Liquor klar – Diagnose (un)klar
Authors: Tamò Raphaël , Simons Elisabeth , Huber Lars C. 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese Eine 35-jährige Patientin stellte sich mit akuten starken Kopfschmerzen, Photophobie und Fieber vor. Mehrere Mitglieder der Familie der Patientin litten vorgängig an der Hand-Mund-Fuß-Krankheit.
Status und Befunde Klinisch fiel ein prominenter Meningismus auf. Lumbalpunktion und kraniales Computertomogramm waren unauffällig. Im weiteren Verlauf fiel die PCR-Untersuchung des Liquors positiv für Enteroviren-Spezies-RNA aus.
Diagnose und Therapie Bei bestätigter Enteroviren-Meningitis konnte die initial verabreichte antimikrobielle Therapie sistiert und auf weiterführende Diagnostik verzichtet werden.
Verlauf Die Symptome waren rasch und vollständig regredient.
Folgerungen Dieser Fall soll aufzeigen, dass bei typischer Klinik einer Meningitis ohne Liquorpleozytose die Enteroviren-Meningitis auch bei adulten Patienten eine wichtige Differenzialdiagnose darstellt.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Ophthalmology Resident Perceptions of Clinical Experience, Surgical Training, and Personal Life
Authors: Shoji Marissa K. , Venincasa Michael J. , Sridhar Jayanth 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected multiple areas of health care, including residency training programs. Elucidating the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on resident clinical experience, surgical training, and wellness is essential to identify areas in which programs can provide additional educational and personal resources to trainees. This study aims to evaluate the experiences of ophthalmology residents during the pandemic.
Design The design is a cross-sectional, nonvalidated survey study. The survey was administered online with data collection from August 22 to August 31, 2020.
Participants Applicants to the Bascom Palmer Eye Institute ophthalmology residency program during the 2016 to 2019 application cycles were invited to complete the survey to encompass trainees currently in ophthalmology residency during the COVID-19 pandemic. Applicants who were not training at an ophthalmology residency program during the pandemic were excluded.
Methods This study involved eliciting feedback from ophthalmology residents on the perceived impact of COVID-19 on their residency experiences through survey questions.
Main Outcome Measures Perceived didactic, clinical, surgical, and overall experiences of residents during the COVID-19 pandemic, effect on cataract and noncataract surgical case volume, and perceived effects on resident personal life.
Results Responses were obtained from 357 (22.8%) individuals, 193 of which met inclusion criteria (59.1% male, 54.9% aged 30–34). Most participants reported overall worsening of their ophthalmology training experience due to COVID-19 (75.1%), with worsening of clinical training reported by 72.5% of participants and worsening of surgical training reported by 89.1% of participants. There were no significant differences in the perception of the impact of COVID-19 on overall training experience, clinical training experience, or surgical training experience among geographic regions (p = 0.43, p = 0.23, p = 0.27, respectively). A higher percentage of post-graduate year 3 (PGY3) and PGY4 trainees reported worsened clinical (p = 0.003) or surgical (p = 0.03) experience compared with PGY2 trainees. Participants also reported impact on personal life including time spent away from family (52.9%), worsened friendships with co-residents (29.5%), forced changes in living situation (15.0%), and increased expenses (13.5%).
Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially impacted clinical and surgical experience of ophthalmology residents, who also report personal stressors due to the pandemic. Identifying alterations in the ophthalmology residency experience is essential to provide additional resources to support ophthalmology trainees professionally and personally during this time.
Intention to Quit Tobacco Use and its Determinants Among Adolescent Tobacco Users Residing in Slum Areas of Bhubaneswar, India: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Panigrahi Ansuman , Sharma Dheeraj , Maharana Sabita 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroduction Intention to quit is the initial step and a strong predictor of quitting tobacco use.Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and determinants of intention to quit tobacco use among adolescent tobacco users residing in the slum areas of Bhubaneswar, India.Materials and Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was performed during the year 2017–2018 involving 152 adolescent tobacco users residing in the slums of Bhubaneswar. Multistage cluster random sampling was used to select the study areas.Results Ninety-three (61.2%) adolescents had the intention to quit tobacco use. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds of intention to quit tobacco use was significantly higher in adolescents who used it for less than 5 years' duration (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.59; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14–5.87), those used first tobacco of the day between 31 and 60 minutes after waking up in the morning (aOR: 2.60; 95% CI: 1.17–5.79) or more than 60 minutes after waking up (aOR: 6.69; 95% CI: 2.28–19.61), and those who noticed anti-tobacco messages in any media in the past 30 days (aOR: 2.70; 95% CI: 1.02–7.14).Conclusion The prevalence of intention to quit tobacco use among slum adolescents of Bhubaneswar is 61.2%, which can be enhanced by incorporating the determinants of the intention to quit tobacco use in the existing anti-tobacco schemes.
Mass spectra and decay of mesons under strong external magnetic field *
Authors: Yang Shuyun , Jin Meng , Hou Defu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We study the mass spectra and decay process of σ and

mesons under a strong external magnetic field. To achieve this goal, we deduce the thermodynamic potential in a two-flavor, hot and magnetized Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model. We calculate the energy gap equation through the random phase approximation (RPA). Then we use the Ritus method to calculate the decay triangle diagram and self-energy in the presence of a constant magnetic field B. Our results indicate that the magnetic field has little influence on the mass of

at low temperatures. However, for quarks and σ mesons, their mass clearly changes, which reflects the influence of magnetic catalysis (MC). The presence of a magnetic field accelerates the decay of the meson while the presence of a chemical potential will decrease the decay process.
#PlasticsTwitter: The Use of Twitter Data as a Tool for Evaluating Public Interest in Cosmetic Surgery Procedures
Authors: Cohen Samuel A , Tijerina Jonathan D , Amarikwa Linus , Men Clara , Kossler Andrea L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
Plastic surgeons are increasingly turning to social media to market their services. The newly released Twitter Academic Research Product Track (TARPT) database provides free, customizable analysis of keywords that are included in tweets on the Twitter platform. The TARPT tool may provide valuable insight into public interest in cosmetic surgery procedures.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine TARPT’s utility in tracking and predicting public interest in cosmetic surgery procedures and to examine temporal trends in tweets related to cosmetic facial and body procedures.

Methods
The TARPT tool was used to calculate the total number of tweets containing keywords related to 10 facial cosmetic procedures and 7 cosmetic body procedures from 2010 to 2020. Annual volumes for respective procedures were obtained from annual statistics reports of The Aesthetic Society from 2010 to 2020. Tweet volumes and procedure volumes were compared by univariate linear regression, taking P &lt; 0.05 as the cutoff for significance.

Results
Variations in tweet volume were observed. Univariate linear regression analysis demonstrated statistically significant positive correlations between tweet volumes and procedure volumes for 7 search terms: “eyelid lift,” “facelift,” “lip injections,” “mastopexy,” “butt lift,” “butt implants,” and “liposuction.” Many procedure-related keywords were not significant, demonstrating the importance of careful selection of Twitter search terms.

Conclusions
The TARPT database represents a promising novel source of information for plastic surgeons, with the potential to inform marketing and advertising decisions for emerging trends in plastic surgery interest before these patterns become apparent in surgical or clinical volumes.
Decolonizing the English Literature GCE A-Level via the South African Ex-Centric
Authors: Munslow Ong Jade 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this snapshot article, I outline the background and context for the development of research-led teaching activities aimed at students pursuing the WJEC Eduqas GCE A-Level English Literature qualification. The aims of these activities are threefold: first, to assist students’ learning and preparation for the exam component ‘Unseen Prose’ (worth 10% of the overall qualification); second, to extend the impact of AHRC-funded research on South African literature to 16- to 18-year-old learners; and third, to mobilize the first two aims in support of decolonizing efforts in English Studies.
Association between platelet reactivity and long-term bleeding complications following percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with and without diabetes
Authors: Cavallari I , Patti G , Maddaloni E , Veneziano F , Mangiacapra F , Ricottini E , Ussia G P , Grigioni F 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
The association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and bleeding complications following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is controversial. We hypothesized that on-treatment platelet reactivity may have a role in the bleeding risk stratification of such patients.

Purpose
To investigate the role of low platelet reactivity (LPR) in the long-term bleeding risk stratification among patients with and without diabetes undergoing PCI.

Methods
In this observational, retrospective single-center study, 472 patients undergoing PCI for stable coronary artery disease were included. All patients were treated with dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel. Platelet reactivity was assessed using the VerifyNow P2Y(12) assay and LPR was defined by values of platelet reactivity unit (PRU) ≤178. Primary endpoint was the occurrence of all bleeding events at 5 years stratified by DM status and LPR.

Results
Out of the study population included, 30.5% had DM (N=144). LPR was numerically less frequent in patients with DM compared to those without (29.2% vs 37.6%; p=0.077). Overall, 11.9% of patients experienced a bleeding complication at 5-year follow-up; 44.6% of events were classified as major bleedings. The incidence of bleeding events per 1000 patients-year was 34.5 (95% CI 22.3–53.5) in DM and 24.2 (95% CI 17.3–33.8) in no DM (p=0.24). A stepwise increase in the crude rates of bleeding complications was observed across patients with and without DM and LPR (log-rank p=0.004), with those having both conditions being at the highest risk of events (Figure). LPR had a similar value for stratifying the risk of bleeding in patients with and without diabetes (p value for interaction between diabetes and LPR status=0.45).

Conclusions
Approximately 1 out of 3 patients undergoing PCI for stable coronary artery disease on clopidogrel has LPR. The assessment of LPR provides a significant incremental value for the prediction of bleeding events irrespective from DM status. While the presence of DM per se does not increase the risk of bleeding complications, the coexistence of DM and LPR identifies the subgroup at the highest risk of events who could benefit from a short-term and less intensive antiplatelet regimen.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
Calculation of matrix permeability from velocity and attenuation of ultrasonic S-wave
Authors: Li Guangquan , Xie Chaodi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPreviously, hydrogeologists and petroleum engineers use seepage experiments to measure permeability. This paper develops a novel method to calculate matrix permeability from velocity and attenuation of an ultrasonic S-wave. At first, permeability is derived as a function of frequency when an S-wave scans a fluid-saturated rock. Substituting the permeability into a previous S-wave model gives theoretical velocity and attenuation, in which the nexus parameter is the average distance of aperture representing pores. Fitting the predicted velocity and quality factor against the measured counterparts yields permeability in the full frequency range. For Berea sandstone, the inverted permeability at low frequency (0.0376 Darcy) is comparable to Darcy permeability (0.075 Darcy), confirming that Berea sandstone is homogenous. For Boise sandstone, the inverted permeability at low frequency is 0.0457 Darcy, much lower than Darcy permeability (1 Darcy). When S-wave scans the rocks, its velocity and attenuation are dominated by matrix pore throats and the inverted permeability represents matrix permeability. Unlike Berea sandstone, Boise sandstone has fractures and widely distributed grain diameters. The fractures and the large pores (due to large grain diameter) are preferential pathways that increase Darcy permeability far more than matrix permeability.