bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Shape Optimization Technique for Medical Images
Authors: Viswanath M. , Seetharaman R. , Mani Lakshmanan H. , Anandan K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Segmentation and restoration are among the primary objectives in the field of medical image processing. Among many methods available today, derivative method specifically domain based derivative method helps immensely in this field of medical imaging. There was a time-based improvement in the aspects of establishing results in a medical image with the aid of topological derivative. Advantage of this method lies in establishing a link between that of the perturbed domain and that of the original domain and solving for the required metrics in the problem. Treating the original domain as the original image and the diseased image to be the perturbed domain, topological derivative helps to solve the problem. Asymptotic analysis also helps in handling both large and small amount of data based on the big-O notation and small-o notation. It also establishes the supremacy of topological derived image metrics to that of other metrics. Here attempts are made for solving problems in medical images with the help of topological derivative method by adapting minimization procedure. Also, the end results are arrived in an outstanding way with help of the receiver operating characteristic curve.
Do more chargers mean more electric cars?
Authors: Sommer Stephan , Vance Colin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To reverse the trend of rising CO2 emissions in the European Union’s (EU) transportation sector, several European governments have introduced programs that promote electric vehicles (EVs). One frequently cited impediment to their uptake is insufficient charging infrastructure. Drawing on panel data from Germany, this paper estimates the relationship between public charging infrastructure and the uptake of EVs. We specify models with fixed effects and instrumental variables to gauge the robustness of our findings in the face of alternative channels through which endogeneity bias may emerge. We find that charging infrastructure has a statistically significant and positive impact on EV uptake, with the magnitude of the estimate increasing with population density. The evidence further suggests that although the incidence of charging points in Germany far exceeds the EU’s recommended minimum ratio of one point to ten EVs, inadequate infrastructure coverage remains a binding constraint on EV uptake. We use the model estimates to illustrate the relative cost effectiveness of normal and fast chargers by region, which supports a geographically differentiated targeting of subsidies for charging infrastructure.
Pervious Pavements For Storm Water Control
Authors: Busari Ayobami A. , Adeboje Adeyemi , Modupe Abayomi E. , Fadugba Olaolu G , Loto Roland , Adeyanju Emmanuel 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPervious pavement is a special type of pavement with a high porosity used to reduce surface runoff and to recharge underground aquifer. It could also be used to trap solids and keep pollutants from contaminating the water stream. This review of literature examines existing studies methodologies, technologies, advantages and drawbacks on the use of pervious pavement for stormwater control and aquifer recharge. The result of the review revealed that cement content, water-cement ratio and compaction level affect the mechanical strength of pervious concrete in rigid pavement construction. Due to the complex nature pervious properties of this concrete. Pervious concrete requires stricter quality control of the concrete mixture proportioning as compared with the conventional concrete as there are no standard specification for testing. Surface sweeping method of pore-clogging removal was ineffective in the improvement of the hydraulic conductivity of pervious pavements, as it can only help in the removal of surface debris and not sediments removal from deep voids. The development of this pavement is a positive way forward for stormwater management and aquifer recharge. It is a viable technology in the reduction of stormwater runoff and the concentration of pollutants.
Heavy Metal Contamination In Kotopanjang Dam, Indonesia
Authors: Budijono  , Hasbi M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Heavy metal contamination has been reported in commercial fish in the Kampar River as the source of water for the Koto Panjang Reservoir. Heavy metal investigations (Pb, Cd, Zn) in water, sediment and their accumulation were carried out on 6 important commercial fish species, namely Cyprinus carpio, Oreochromis niloticus, Osphronemus gouramy, Hemibagrus nemurus, Channa micropeltes, Barbonymus schwanefeldii). Such accumulation is observed in gill, kidney and muscle tissue. The results showed that the Zn concentration was the highest in water and sediment, followed by Pb and Cd. Similar heavy metal sequence concentrations were found to be accumulated in all the analyzed tissues by means of an accumulation pattern in the kidney, followed by gills and muscle in all fish species. Metal concentrations in the muscles of all fish species meet limits for human consumption.
Changes in Floristic Composition of Meadow Phytocenoses on the Anthropogenically Eroded Slope
Authors: Smelova S S , Zverkov M S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
It is noted that the solution of geoecological problems largely depends on the availability of reliable and comprehensive information about the state of the geosystem and its development trends. The paper presents ecological-dynamic series reflecting changes in the floristic composition of meadow phytocenoses on the anthropogenically eroded slope under conditions of a developing landslide in 2000–2019. The data obtained make it possible to assess the degree of disturbance of the geosystem and can be used to plan economic and environmental protection measures. The article notes to reduce the anthropogenic load on such easily vulnerable biogeosystems as floodplain meadows located on a landslide slope near the built-up area, first of all it is necessary to identify the boundaries of the water protection zone and the coastal protective zone in the site of landslide process, to provide soil consolidation and to restore the vegetation cover, to organize groundwater discharge points on slope, to catch and to organize and surface runoff treatment. It is important to carry out engineering measures for monitoring the landslide development in order to prevent the adverse consequences.
The Potential Role of Transposable Elements as Molecular Markers
Authors: Arvas Y. E. , Abed M. M. , Zaki Q. A. , Kocaçalışkan İ. , Haji E. K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Molecular markers emerged as very important biotechnological tools in plant biotechnology. Molecular markers represent any gene region or DNA fragment related to the gene region in the genome. Numerous molecular marker techniques have been developed especially after the discovery of the Polymerase Chain Reaction. In agricultural biotechnology studies; they are used effectively in many areas such as physical mapping, gene discovery, labeling and genetic diversity with molecular marker technologies. Transposons can also be used as genetic markers because they cause insertional polymorphism. Transposons are DNA sequences that displace within the genome, causing permanent mutations and responsible for genome size changes. With the development of technologies, new techniques and the completion of genome studies in many species, transposon has been observed that it is found in almost every living species and a large part of the genome of many species consists of transposons. Plants are the living things with the highest percentage of transposons. Transposons are grouped as DNA transposons and retrotransposons according to their working principles. Studies are conducted to determine the relationship between retrotransposon markers and species. For this purpose, many marker methods have been developed; based on IRAP and REMAP retrotransposon insertion polymorphisms.
Molecular Detection of the Gene (Glutathione S-Transferase Zeta Class-Like) Responsible for Stress Tolerance and Studying Its Genetic Expression in a Number of Snake Melon Cultivars
Authors: Abd A. M. , Abdulla A. A. , Al Khazraji H. A. K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The experiment was conducted in the winter agricultural season 2020 in the greenhouses of the Al-Fares Company in Al-Zubair district, with the aim of investigating one of the important genes responsible for tolerating Armenian cucumber for stress conditions, which is the gene (glutathione S-transferase zeta class-like) in 21 Armenian cucumber cultivars. Isolation of RNA from leaves after 100 days of cultivation at the saline level 5 dSm−1, as well as a control treatment of 1 dSm−1and studying their gene expression using RT-qPCR (Real Time-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) technique. The results showed the excelled of the cultivars under the influence of salt stress, Egypt, Babylon, Mosul (Carmelis), Kirkuk, Diyala and Karbala, as they gave the highest expression of their gene expression (25.12, 21.87, 19.04, 21.87, 19.04 and 20.40), respectively, so they can be considered salt-tolerant cultivars. This is because the expression values for the gene (glutathione S-transferase zeta class-like) were high compared to the rest of the cultivars. As for the cultivars whose sensitivity to salinity was confirmed by the experiment, they are Iranian (Ghani), Italian, Baghdad and Amara. These cultivars gave the lowest gene expression values (2.73, 4.46, 4.14 and 3.49), respectively.
Hybrid Vigour, Performance Assessment and Genetic Properties of Some F1 Hybrid Cucumber
Authors: Saeed S. S. , Adday H. A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A trial was conducted during spring of 2015 cucumber in private plastic house belongs to Abu-Ghraib-Baghdad province to assess performance, hybrid vigor and genetic parameters of hybrids Five lines were subjected to diallel cross there after produced genotype were compared on exported hybrid. Results showed that the two hybrids (1×3) and (1×4) were superior in no .of leaves of 60.1 and 58.38 leaves plant1,no .of nodes of 35.51 and 34.79 nodes plant-1 and fruit no 54.31 and 48.00 fruit plant-1, respectively. whereas, the two hybrids (4×1) and (3×1) were superior in internode length of 7.57 and 7.64 cm, respectively. The two hybrids (5×1) and (4×3) achieved highest . T.S.S of 5.13 and 5.06, for each hybrids, respectively. Line 1, 3 and 4 possessed best GCA and SCA there by their hybrids (1×3) and (1×4) gave best average for most properties. Gene action of node number and T.S.S was additive and non-additive. while for internode length and fruit number was non –additive. whereas,for leaves no was additive gene action, Heritability was increase. so, we recommend to exploit these lines to locally reproduce for supplying seeds in our country.
The impacts of treatment with newly developed probiotic versus phaleria macrocarpa leaves extract on the histological features in immunocompromised New Zealand white rabbits
Authors: Saleh I.D. , Zain H. H. M. , Ibrahim H. , Salih N. D. , Gopalan H. K. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This research aimed to examine the possible effectiveness of treatment with a freshly formulated new probiotic versus Phaleria macrocarpa leaves extract indicated by the histopathological changes occurred to the colon of the immunocompromised New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. The study included 40 rabbits, divided into 4 groups. Three of the groups were fed with the immunosuppressive medication (azathioprine, 500 mg/kg/day) to be immunocompromised, Group B was treated with P. macrocarpa extract, Group Ctreated with our developed probiotic, and the group D left untreated as a positive control, Group A regarded as control negative. The duration of immunocompromising drug induction was set as 14 days; and the period of treatment was set for another 14 days. Distinctly, the treated rabbits were showing improvements of healing processes compared to non-treated, where the signs of lack of normal mucous folds, different degrees of mucosal edema and congestion, submucosal hemorrhage, accumulative score of gross colon morphology and major severe lesions of the colon tissue of the non-treated were significantly improved in the probiotic treated, as well as, P. macrocarpa treated groups. As a conclusion, the results indicated that uptake of the formulated probiotic could strengthen rabbits’ immune responses of the immunoco-mpromised rabbits significantly (both the specific and non-specific responses) and retain the weakened colon tissues (caused by the immunosuppressant drug). These findings are recommended to be used in future for development of promising commercial supplements to mitigate the medical risks that comes with immunosuppressant medications currently given to animals or human patients under certain circumstances.
Optimization Design of Polymer Flooding Scheme for Class II Reservoir in Sazhong Development Zone
Authors: Chen Xueying 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
At present, Daqing Oilfield has entered the stage of high water cut, high difficulty and high cost development. The polymer injection blocks of the main oil layers are gradually reduced, and the reserve potential of the oilfield is obviously insufficient, and the potential of stable production replacement is reduced. Therefore, the polymer flooding development of the second type of oil layers has become one of the main ways to replace the production capacity of the oilfield, which is an important guarantee for the sustainable development of the oilfield. The optimization degree of oil displacement scheme for Class II reservoir directly affects the ultimate recovery of polymer flooding. Therefore, according to the development characteristics of Class II reservoir in Block A of Sazhong Development Zone, this paper carries out the optimization design of polymer flooding scheme based on different parameter design methods, laboratory experimental research results and mature experience of other Class II reservoir blocks that have been injected.
Research on the calculation method of the horizontal well reserves in the A oil field
Authors: Mei Zhang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The application of horizontal well development is one of the effective methods for the utilization of low permeability reservoir at present. The horizontal well development test in A oil field started from 2002, and it achieved better results. But it is one of the difficulties in the designs that how to find out the development about the horizontal wells. Volume method is the most suitable method for calculating reserves in Z oil field by studying in this paper, so the author prefers Delaunay triangular network method to calculate the single horizontal well control area at first, then considers the key points of reserve calculation, obtains the reserve results of A oil field by applying the reserve calculation software at last.
Research on Oil Layer Protection and Seepage Improvement Capacity Technology in Untabulated Reservoir of Oilfield A
Authors: Song Jinyan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
On the basis of the experience and practices accumulated in the development of low-permeability untabulated reservoirs in oilfield A, in this paper, oil layer protection and seepage improvement technology of low-permeability untabulated reservoir formed in the well completion process, water injection process and subsequent adjustment process were described, the formation of the above mature technologies has laid the technical foundation for the industrialized development of untabulated reservoir in the oilfield A, and it is of great significance to the effective and efficient development of this type of oil layer.
Analysis on the source of scale-forming ions in water injection wells of No.1 structure in Nanpu Oilfield
Authors: Tian Mingbang , Yan rongkun , Chen Dong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to define the working in the Nanpu oilfield no. 1 injection Wells into scale ion source structure, introducing the Stiff - Davis, prediction of calcium carbonate scale, combining this method with actual production, the scale formation prediction model is set up, find out critical calcium ions concentration, calculated the critical calcium content. According to the content of nanpu oil field in three-phase water outlet ion data, using linear regression method, set up at different times of calcium ion content change curve, compared with critical calcium ion content, find the fouling ion source. Through research shows that working in the nanpu oilfield no. 1 main scale structure type is calcium carbonate scale, the main scale ion Ca2+ and HCO3-from high pressure well liquid.
Study on Stiffness Characteristics of Driver Airbag Cover under Simulated Finger Pressing
Authors: Zeng Yu , Mo Yan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The cover of driver airbag should not only satisfy the performance request of deployment, but also satisfy the sufficient stiffness while pressing on the horn. However, the stiffness of the cover is only evaluated by subjective pressure at present, and there is no quantitative test and data description. Through the subjective pressure evaluation and stiffness test of the driver airbag and other different models of the driver’s airbag cover, the assumption of the stiffness of the cover was obtained, and then the stiffener was used to increase the stiffness of the cover. The subjective press evaluation and the stiffness test were carried out, and the verification hypothesis was established, and the test method of the cover stiffness and the quantitative description method were obtained.
Research on geological structure characteristics of Lubanshan mine field
Authors: Liu Wenwu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Mine geological structure is an important geological factor that affects coal mine safety production. Based on detailed underground geological observations and surface geological survey data, starting with the study of structural traces and structural stress field, the Lubanshan mine field’s geological structural characteristics and structural stress field distribution are analyzed. The research results show that the structural profile of the Lubanshan mine field is mainly controlled by the NE-directed Xunsi anticline. The geological structure at the edge of the minefield is more complicated and the internal geological structure is relatively simple. The development of small faults and layer-slip faults, often in groups of coal seams or coal seam roof and floor, has become one of the biggest obstacles restricting coal mine safety production.
Exploration and experimental study on test method of AEPS
Authors: Yang Liang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, based on the analysis of the existing limitations in the application of the existing fire performance test methods of AEPS, an improved scheme is proposed. The cone calorimeter is introduced to obtain the differential fire characteristics of AEPS with different density conditions under different radiation intensity conditions. Through the optimization of the combustion heat test sampling and calculation method, the repeatability and representativeness of the test results are significantly improved and verified by experiments.
Research on the Sealability of Interlayer Based on Numerical Simulation Method
Authors: Li Ke , Li Yao , Zhang Peng , Wang Kai , Pan Yue , Liu Fan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Reservoir barriers and interlayers are an indispensable part of revealing the heterogeneity of oil reservoirs. Researching the plugging properties of reservoir barriers is of great significance to the recovery of remaining oil in the middle and late stages of oilfield development and the formulation of oilfield development plans. In this paper, using reservoir numerical simulation technology, based on the three types of reservoirs divided, a numerical simulation model of barrier-intercalation pluggability is established, and the influence of permeability and barrier thickness on the sensitivity of barrier-intercalation pluggability is studied and analyzed. To provide a theoretical basis for the development of remaining oil in the oilfield. Studies have shown that the trend of the permeability of the barrier on the cumulative oil production is mainly “first and then slow”, and the oil production gradually decreases with the increase of the permeability; the thickness of the barrier the impact on the cumulative oil production is mainly manifested in that as the thickness of the barrier increases, the cumulative oil production gradually decreases, and the rate of deceleration changes from abruptly to a slower to stable. The permeability and barrier thickness sensitivity analysis results obtained in this study, It provides a theoretical basis for the further development of the oilfield work area.
Experimental Study on the Performance of Improved Collapsible Loess Mixture with Concrete Crushed Gravel
Authors: Zhen Yao , Liu Bailai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Based on the climatic and geological characteristics of the non-weight collapsible loess area, the paper analyses the cooperative working conditions of the concrete surface structure and the non-weight collapsible loess subgrade. The thesis uses coal gangue powder, fly ash, calcium carbide slag powder, and silica fume to modify the permeable concrete, and studies the unconfined compression test after the modification, the load ratio (cbr) test, and the eds-sem scanning electron microscope test. And other physical and mechanical properties. The experimental results prove that the modified soil with 30% calcium carbide slag powder after 28 days of curing has the best compressive performance, but has a heavier industrial peculiar smell; 30% silica fume and 30% silica fume are mixed the compressive performance of the modified soil with coal gangue powder is close; the compressive performance of the modified soil with 30% fly ash is relatively low. Among the four different admixtures in the test, the improved soil mixed with 30% calcium carbide slag powder and 30% concrete gravel has the best compressive effect, and the other three improved soils have similar effects. In the experiment, after four different admixtures were used to improve soil mixing and concrete crushed gravel, the bearing ratio of the modified soil obtained by mixing 30% calcium carbide slag powder and 30% concrete crushed gravel was the best and much higher than that of the other three materials. Scanning through the electron microscope, it was observed that the admixture had a greater effect on the adhesion of the soil foundation and the concrete gravel, which made the soil structure more stable.
Numerical simulation of factors affecting water flooding efficiency
Authors: Liu Lili 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Numerical simulation method is used to study the influence of reservoir physical properties and development mode on oil displacement efficiency, and the factors affecting oil displacement efficiency are qualitatively described. The core factor affecting oil displacement efficiency is water injection multiple. When the water injection multiple reaches a certain value, the increase of oil displacement efficiency is very small; when the reservoir rock wettability is neutral and weak, the oil displacement efficiency is higher than that of strong water wettability.
Sensitivity Analysis of F Reservoir in M Area
Authors: Gao Yuan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The sensitivity analysis of F reservoir in M area is carried out by core laboratory experiment. The experimental results show that F reservoir in this area belongs to medium weak-strong water sensitivity, strong acid sensitivity and medium strong alkali sensitivity, and its speed sensitivity is very weak, and its sensitivity is basically weak-no speed sensitivity. Through laboratory experimental analysis, it provides a basis for rational selection of injection fluid for F reservoir in this area.