bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monogenic autoimmunity caused by TLR7 gain-of-function
Authors: Vinuesa Carola , Brown Grant , Medhavy Arti , Canete Pablo , Ellyard Julia , Bassett Katharine , Burgio Gaetan , Zhang Yaoyuan , Turnbull Cynthia , Meng Xiangpeng , Wu Philip , Cho Vicky , Miosge Lisa , Capello Jean , Andrews Thomas , Field Matt , Tvorogov Denis , Lopez Angel , He Yuke , Babon Jeffrey , Lopez Cristina Aparicio , Gonzalez-Murillo Africa , Pascual Virginia , Levy Tess , Ding Huihua , Shen Nan , Cook Matthew , Mallack Eric , Collantes Carmen de Lucas , Athanasopoulos Vicky 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
While circumstantial evidence supports enhanced TLR7 signaling as a mechanism of human systemic autoimmune disease, we have lacked the proof afforded by lupus-causing TLR7 gene variants. Here we describe monogenic human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) caused by TLR7 gain-of-function. We identified a de novo, novel, missense TLR7 Y264H variant in a child with severe lupus and additional novel or rare variants in probands with interferonopathies or systemic autoimmunity (Aicardi Goutieres Sd, SLE, Sjogren’s Sd, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis). The variants increased NF-κB and IFN-β activity and the de novo TLR7 Y264H variant was sufficient to cause lupus when introduced in mice. We show that constitutive TLR7 signaling drives aberrant survival of BCR-activated B cells that would otherwise die, and accumulation of CD11c+ age-associated B cells and germinal center (GC) B cells in a B cell-intrinsic manner. Follicular and extrafollicular helper T-cells were also increased but these phenotypes were cell-extrinsic. MyD88-deficiency rescued autoimmunity, aberrant B cell survival, and all cellular and serological phenotypes. Despite prominent spontaneous GC formation in mice carrying the TLR7 Y264H variant, we show that TLR7-driven lupus was not ameliorated when the TLR7 Y264H mice were made GC-deficient suggesting extrafollicular origin of pathogenic B cells. We establish the importance of TLR7 for human SLE pathogenesis, which paves the way for therapeutic TLR7 or MyD88 inhibition.
Photoluminescence in a Glucose-coated Sila-fullerane and Its Nanomedicine Applications
Authors: Qasemnazhand Mohammad , Khoeini Farhad , Marsusi Farah 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this study, we introduce nano-baits that are formed based on the binding of glucose in a silicon nanoparticle. Sila-dodecahedrane has been selected among of four other famous nanostructures, due to its high stability, biocompatibility and its ability to engineer electronic features. Because of the glucose attached to nano-baits, they are attractive to cancer cells that consume high glucose. In this research, two nano-baits have been modeled with the chemical formulas of Si20H19C6H11O6 and Si20H13(C6H11O6)7. Their optimal structures are obtained using density functional theory (DFT). For this, we use the B3LYP hybrid functional and 6-31+g(d,p) basis set. Vibration frequency calculations show that the glucose binding of a sila-dodecahedrane has a stable bond. These nano-baits with photoluminescence determine the location of cancer cells. By adjusting the number of glucoses attached to these nano-baits, the energy required for their excitation and light response can be adjusted. These nano-baits are a viable alternative to radioactive materials for locating cancer cells.
Particle Movements Provoke Avalanche-like Compaction in Soft Colloid Filter Cakes
Authors: Lüken Arne , Stüwe Lucas , Lohaus Johannes , Linkhorst John , Wessling Matthias 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
During soft matter filtration, colloids accumulate in a compressible porous cake layer on top of the membrane surface. The void size between the colloids predominantly defines the cake-specific permeation resistance and the corresponding filtration efficiency. While higher fluxes are beneficial for the process efficiency, they compress the cake and increase permeation resistance. However, it is not fully understood how soft particles behave during cake formation and how their compression influences the overall cake properties. This study visualizes the formation and compression process of soft filter cakes in microfluidic model systems. During cake formation, we analyze single-particle movements inside the filter cake voids and how they interact with the whole filter cake morphology. During cake compression, we visualize reversible and irreversible compression and distinguish the two phenomena. Finally, we confirm the compression phenomena by modeling the soft particle filter cake using a CFD-DEM approach. The results underline the importance of considering the compression history when describing the filter cake morphology and its related properties. Thus, this study links single colloid movements and filter cake compression to the overall cake behavior and narrows the gap between single colloid events and the filtration process.
Health Concerns of Textile Workers &amp; Associated Community
Authors: Islam Tanweer Ul 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Workers in the textile industry risk developing various respiratory and pulmonary diseases due to exposure to cotton dust. The particles from the cotton lint are inhaled by the workers and results in the breathing problems including asthma, shortness of breath, cough and tightness in the chest. The poor health of labor contributes to the low productivity of the labor and in serious cases loss of jobs leading to the poverty. Methods: This study explores the health profiles of the textile workers and associated community and contrast them against the health profile of the control group to factor out any confounding factors. The study is conducted on cotton industry in Kasur, Pakistan. We interviewed 207 workers, 226 people from associated community (living in vicinities of weaving units) and 188 people for control group (from areas far away from weaving units and people are not associated with weaving industry) based on stratified random sampling technique. We employed descriptive methods and logistic regression to explore the association between respiratory diseases and weaving workers. Results: Overall, prevalence of postnasal drip, byssinosis, asthma, and chronic bronchitis were 47%, 35%, 20%, and 10% respectively among the workers. These percentages are significantly higher than the control group. Among workers, 43% & 21% feel difficulty in hearing against noisy background and at low volume respectively. Due to bad light arrangements at workstations, 21% & 31% workers are suffering from myopia and hyperopia respectively. Proportions of the workers suffering from continuous headache, skin infection, depression, and low back pain are 28%, 29%, 27% and 44% respectively. Conclusion: Better environment at workstations, use of protective gears and education are the factors which reduce the risk of associated diseases among workers.
Maternal Age at Childbirth and Parental Reports of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Learning Disability, Ages 4 to 15 Years
Authors: Chen Yong , Ma Siyu , Huang Haobin , Duan Weiwei , Mo Xuming 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Studies have shown that young maternal age at childbirth can increase the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the offspring, but a study of the U.S. population has not been reported. Moreover, there is no reported research on young and advanced maternal age at childbirth and on whether it can contribute to learning disability (LD) risk for offspring. Methods: This study evaluated the association between young and advanced maternal age at childbirth and offspring ADHD and LD risk in the U.S. population. Using data from 8,098 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted in 1999–2004, we analyzed the association between maternal age at childbirth and ADHD and LD risks in offspring. Odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for maternal age at childbirth in association with ADHD and LD risks in offspring were estimated using multivariate logistic regression models after adjustment for age, gender, race, body mass index (BMI), family income, smoking during pregnancy, and NHANES cycles. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to evaluate potential nonlinear relationships. Sensitivity analysis were performed to ensure the reliability of the results. Results: Among all participants, the offspring of subjects with a maternal age at childbirth of 18–24 years had an increased risk of ADHD (OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.79), LD (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.79) or both ADHD and LD (OR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.20, 1.81). Additionally, compared with subjects with a maternal age of 25–29 years, subjects with a maternal age of 35–39 years had lower odds of having offspring with ADHD (OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.36, 1.00) and higher odds of having offspring with LD (OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.78). The relationship between maternal age at childbirth and LD risk presents a U-shaped curve. Additionally, the risk of ADHD and LD caused by maternal age at childbirth appears to be affected by gender.Conclusions: These results provide epidemiological evidence showing that young and advanced maternal age at childbirth are associated with ADHD and LD risks.
Laser-Induced Structural Modification in Calcium Aluminosilicate Glasses Using Molecular Dynamic Simulations
Authors: Locker Sean , Goyal Sushmit , McKenzie Matt , Ungaro Craig , Sundaram SK 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Glass structures of multicomponent oxide systems (CaO-Al2O3-SiO2) are studied using a simulated pulsed laser with molecular dynamics. The short- and intermediate-range order structures revealed a direct correlation between the transformation of Al(IV) to Al(V), regions of increased density following laser processing, inherent reduction in the average T-O-T (T = Al, Si) angle, and associated elongation of the T-O bonding distance. Variable laser pulse energies were simulated across calcium aluminosilicate glasses with high silica content (50-80%) to identify densification trends attributed to composition and laser energy. High-intensity pulsed laser effects on fictive temperature and shockwave promotion are discussed in detail for their role in glass densification. Laser-induced structural changes are found to be highly dependent on pulse energy and glass chemistry.
Doxorubicin and siRNA Co-Delivery System Based on Carbon Dots Inhibits Chemoresistance of Lung Cancer
Authors: Luo Hui , Tang Kexin , Huang Kaichen , Lin Xi , Mei Chaoming , Wu Lili , Yang Lei , Yu Hailing 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe resistance to the anti-cancer agent limits the chemotherapy effect in the cancer therapy. Tumor easily develops resistance to anti-cancer drugs leading to decreased therapy efficiency of chemotherapies. Targeting signaling molecules related with chemoresistance through strategy of co-delivery siRNA and chemotherapeutics may overcome the multidrug resistance to chemotherapy. A co-delivery nanosystem that could carry siRNA and DOX simultaneously has been studied in this work. ResultsThe co-delivery is based on carbon dots was surface-modified with poly-ethylenimine (PEI), and loaded the siMRP1 and chemotherapeutics by electronstatic interactions on the surface with pH-triggered drug release. The CD-PEI was synthesized by one-step microwave assisted method; the PEI were raw materials and passivator during the reaction process that makes CD exhibit excellent optical property and the capability of loading siRNA. The CD-PEI was capable of loading and delivering siMRP1 and DOX to tumor and release synchronously in cell by pH-triggered manner using flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis. MRP1 was successfully knocked down by siRNA. The silencing of MRP1 by co-delivery system could increase DOX accumulation and significantly enhance the inhibitory effect of metastatic potential elicited by doxorubicin in A549 and A549/ADM cells.Conclusion﻿The co-delivery systems effectively loaded and released siRNA and DOX agents to the targeted tumor, overcoming the resistant to chemotherapy. By suppressing MRP1, CD-PEI-DOX-siMRP1 can obviously increase the drug intercellular accumulation and inhibit the cell proliferation, migration and invasion, implying its potential application in enhancing therapeutic efficiency in clinical practices.
DBPR: DataBase of Plant Research
Authors: Ullah Shahid , Rahman Wajeeha , Ullah Farhan , Ahmad Gulzar , Ijaz Muhammad , Gao Tianshun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Databases of plants have been an integral part of modern biology. Enormous quantities of data are produced from plants and improving with time, many databases have been published with large amounts of data in various fields, including proteomics, transcriptomics, genomics, and metabolomics. To make it easier, a comprehensive database is needed to sort and organized all these data to one platform and give an easy and friendly finding way to plant research community, because, databases are a standard strategy for analyzing, storing, and processing such big data. Therefore, we have compiled 225 plant databases on a single platform and grouped them into 5 categories on the basis of various typescripts, such as the Protein, DNA, RNA, Pathway and Expression database, which can be indexed by clicking on the name of the category or by clicking on the picture expression or directly searching in the specified search bar in the database. DBPR is a comprehensive plant resource database that is available on http://www.habdsk.org/dbpr.php. Computer platform such as PHP, HTML, CSC, and JavaScript has been used to build and will be updated timely.
Toxocara cati and other parasitic enteropathogens: more commonly found in owned cats with gastrointestinal signs than in clinically healthy ones
Authors: Ursache Aurora L. , Györke Adriana , Mircean Viorica , Dumitrache Mirabela Oana , Codea Andrei Răzvan , Cozma Vasile 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Gastrointestinal parasites are involved in the health and wellbeing of cats and some of them, due to their zoonotic character represent a problem for the public health. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of parasitic infections in cats with digestive symptoms. Faecal samples collected from 137 cats were analysed by the flotation method using sodium chloride saturated solution. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites was 56.6%. GI parasites were significantly (p=0.005) more common in cats with digestive symptoms (69.8%) than in clinically healthy ones (23.0%). Toxocara cati (40.2%) was the most frequently identified GI parasite, followed by Cystoisospora spp. (10.2%), Ancylostoma tubaeforme (3.7%), Taenia spp. (2.2), Giardia duodenalis (2.2%), and Toxoplasma gondii-like oocysts (0.7%). T. cati (53.3%, p<0.0001) and Cystoisospora spp. (15.6%, p<0.001) were significantly more frequently diagnosed in cats with digestive symptoms. Lack of deworming in the last three months (OR: 15.9), outdoor access (OR: 13.8), the presence of digestive symptoms (OR: 5.4), and young age (OR: 4.2) were identified as risk factors for T. cati infection by logistic regression analysis. Regardless of the age, symptoms like vomiting, diarrhoea, and inappetence were positively associated with T. cati.
Secretory Carcinoma of the Breast With Multiple Distant Metastases in Brain and Unfavorable Prognosis: a Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Tang Hongping , Zhong Lihua , Jiang Hongbing , Xie Gui’e 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Secretory carcinoma of the breast is one of the rarest entities accounting for less than 0.15% of all infiltrating breast carcinomas. It has characteristic histopathological and molecular features and more favorable prognosis. In this case report, we describe a local advanced secretory carcinoma of the breast with chemo-resisted for neoadjuvant chemotherapy and unfavorable prognosis.Case Presentation: A hard, painless and palpably bossed mass about 12 cm in diameter occupied most of the left breast of a 39-year-old woman and fixation to the overlying skin. Breast ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan gave the same grading as BI-RADS IV. A needle biopsy was performed and pathological diagnosis was secretory carcinoma. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) was then performed, after which ultrasonography and MRI scan revealed the tumor was partial response for EC therapy while progressive disease after the DC therapy. The tumor showed chemo-resisted for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Left breast mastectomy and axillary lymphadenectomy were subsequently performed. Tumor cells were triple-negative and positive for S-100 and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining. Fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) analysis indicated the fusion arrangement of ETV6-NTRK3 gene. The patient underwent multiple distant metastases in brain, and died of these metastases 19 months after initial diagnosis.Conclusion: Secretory carcinomas of breast have been described as a low-grade histologic subtype with a favorable prognosis. This case showed chemo-resisted for neoadjuvant chemotherapy, multiple distant metastases, and final an unfavorable prognosis. Further research is needed to better understanding of its behavior and treatment of this rare tumor.
Predictive Factors of High-Risk Events for Virological Failure in HIV/AIDS Patients Receiving Long-Term Antiviral Therapy
Authors: Qin Shanfang , Lai Jingzhen , Zhang Hong , Wei Di , Lv Qing , Pan Xue , Huang Lihua , Lan Ke , Meng Zhihao , Liang Hao , Ning Chuanyi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: In the era of anti-retroviral therapy (ART), the plasma HIV viral load (VL) is an important primary indicator for monitoring the HIV treatment response. To optimize the clinical management of HIV/AIDS patients, we investigated VL high-risk events related to virological failure (VF) and further explored the preventive factors of high-risk events.Methods: The data were derived from China’s HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System. HIV patients who initiated or received ART in Guangxi between 2003 and 2019 were included. The contributions of VL after 6 months of ART to VF and AIDS-related death were analysed by Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank tests and Cox regression analyses. Both descriptive analyses and bivariate logistic regression were employed to further explore the preventive factors related to high-risk events of VF.Results: The cumulative rates of VF in the high low-level viremia group (χ2 = 18.45; P < 0.001) and non-suppressed group (χ2 = 82.99; P < 0.001) were significantly higher than those in the viral suppression (VS) group. Compared with the VS group, the adjusted hazard risk was 7.221 (95% CI: 2.668; 19.547) in the high LLV group and 8.351 (95% CI: 4.253; 16.398) in the non-suppressed group. Compared with single patients, married or cohabiting (AOR = 0.591; 95% CI: 0.408, 0.856) and divorced or separated (AOR = 0.425, 95% CI: 0.207, 0.873) patients were negatively associated with high-risk events. So were patients acquired HIV homosexually (AOR = 0.572; 95% CI: 0.335, 0.978). However, patients who had ART modification were 1.728 times (95% CI: 1.093, 2.732) more likely to have high-risk events, and patients who used cotrimoxazole during ART were 1.843 times (95% CI: 1.271, 2.672) more likely to have high-risk events.Conclusions: A VL greater than 200 copies/ml is a high-risk event for VF. Intervention measurements should be adopted to optimize the surveillance of ART in patients who are single or widowed, who have ART modification, and who use cotrimoxazole during ART.
Predictive value of a Five-Biomarker Signature to Diagnose Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Zeng Jiang , Yang Qianting , Xu Dechang , Chen Qi , Huang Kaisong , Cai Yi , Dai Youchao , Hai Xie , Zeng Zhong , Gong Xiangwen , Peng Haiying , Deng Guofang , Chen Xinchun , Zhang Huihua , Liu Hui 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: To improve the diagnosis accuracy of active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) from pneumonia (PN) in low income and inadequate facilities areas is one of the biggest problems facing public health today. Most TB patients are difficult to diagnose, especially those who are acid-fast bacillus smear-negative (AFB-) but IGRA®.TB test positive (IGRA+). Thus, we aim to develop a low-cost and rapid risk model for the diagnosis of TB patients with AFB- IGRA+ TB from PN.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 41 laboratory variables of 204 AFB- IGRA+ TB and 156 PN participants. Candidate variables were identified by t-statistic test and univariate logistic model. The logistic regression analysis was used to construct the multivariate risk model and nomogram with internal and external validation.Results: There were differential correlations between variable pairs in AFB- IGRA+ TB and PN. We found several significant variables in TB compared with PN. Among them, uric acid (UA) was up-elevated , acting as a protective factor with an odds ratio (OR) < 1. By integrating five variables, including Age, UA, albumin (ALB), hemoglobin (Hb) and white blood cell counts (WBC), we constructed a multivariate risk model with a concordance index (C-index) of 0.7 (95% CI: 0.61, 0.8). Nomogram showed that UA and Hb had the protection effect, while Age, WBC and ALB acted as risk factors on TB occurrence. Internal and external validation revealed a good agreement between nomogran prediction and actual observations.Conclusions: Differential correlations existed between variable pairs in AFB- IGRA+ TB and PN. An integration of five biomarkers (Age, UA, ALB, Hb and WBC) can be used to predict TB in AFB- IGRA+ clinical samples from PN.