bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomic analysis reveals Renibacterium salmoninarum grown under iron‐limited conditions induces iron uptake mechanisms and overproduction of the 57‐kDa protein
Authors: Avendaño‐Herrera Ruben , Saldivia Pablo , Bethke Jorn , Vargas Cristian , Hernández Mauricio 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRenibacterium salmoninarum, a slow‐growing facultative intracellular pathogen, is the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease, a chronic, progressive and granulomatous infection that threatens farmed and wild salmonids worldwide. Pathogenic R. salmoninarum colonizes tissues and invades the host through cell surface‐associated and secreted proteins. While correlations between iron acquisition genes and virulence have been demonstrated in vitro, these mechanisms have not undergone proteomic characterization. The present study applied a proteomic approach to elucidate the differences between the virulent Chilean R. salmoninarum H‐2 strain and the type strain ATCC 33209T. Analyses were conducted under normal (control) and iron‐limited conditions (DIP) emulating the host environment. Interestingly, strain H‐2 apparently responded better to the iron‐limited condition—for example, only this strain presented a significantly enriched iron ion homeostasis pathway. Furthermore, key virulence factors related to an iron‐limited environment were more abundant in strain H‐2. Importantly, the lack of iron favoured the expression of the 57‐kDa protein in strain H‐2, the principal virulence factor for R. salmoninarum. Our findings can be employed in the design and development of treatments targeted to iron uptake mechanisms (e.g. siderophore synthesis or haem uptake), which represents a promising therapeutic approach for treating this persistent fastidious bacterium.
Retracted: PN‐HPT® (Polynucleotides Highly Purified Technology) in facial middle third rejuvenation. Exploring the potential
Authors: Cavallini Maurizio , De Luca Carmen , Prussia Giovanni , Raichi Mauro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundWasting of soft tissues leads to flattening and deflation of the aging midface skin. Polynucleotides Highly Purified Technology (PN‐HPT®) demonstrated dermal hydration and elasticity as well as fibroblasts vitality and activity.AimsTo probe the value of PN‐HPT® in middle third rejuvenation in an open‐design, exploratory prospective cohort study in 40 real‐life ambulatorily treated women.MethodsThree treatment sessions—at baseline (2‐ml prefilled syringe containing 10 mg/ml PN‐HPT®, 10 mg/ml hyaluronic acid, 200 mM mannitol) as intradermic gel, and after 3 weeks (2‐ml prefilled syringe containing 20 mg/ml PN‐HPT® intradermic gel) and 6 weeks (same treatment as baseline). The protocol allowed supplemental treatment with specifically formulated PN‐HPT® (7.5 mg/ml) when needed in periocular and eyelid areas. Assessments: sequential photographs of the facial middle third at baseline, third treatment session and 6–8 weeks after the third treatment session; scoring of overall skin quality and texture, skin quality determinants (wrinkles and skin roughness, skin elasticity, skin brightness), scar appearance, and subjective satisfaction with impromptu 10‐cm Visual Analogue Scales.ResultsSignificant improvement of overall skin quality and texture (from 7.0 ± 1.06 at baseline session to 7.8 ± 0.99 at follow‐up), associated with highly significant improvements of wrinkles and skin roughness, elasticity, and brightness (–17.1%, +39.6%, and +51.1%, respectively). The severity scores of post‐acne scars decreased from 7.6 ± 1.32 to 4.2 ± 2.13. Individual satisfaction score at the end of treatment: 0.8 ± 0.28.ConclusionsPN‐HPT® candidate as a valuable option for facial middle third rejuvenation. Further trials will hopefully confirm these early results.
Efficacy of the topical cyclosporine cream assisted by fractional carbon dioxide laser vs topical clobetasol cream for the treatment of plaque psoriasis: Randomized comparative study
Authors: Helmy A. Yasser , El batreek Mohamed Hashem , Abdel Fadeel Doaa Ahmed , Tawfik Abeer Attia , Samy Nevien Ahmed 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn mild psoriasis, topical agents remain the mainstay of treatment. However, the available treatments are not satisfactory for a significant proportion of patients in many terms such as efficacy and safety. Because of these deficits, augmentation of therapeutic effect seems desirable.This study aimsTo evaluate the efficacy of topical cyclosporine cream, delivered by fractional CO2 laser vs the efficacy of topical clobetasol cream for the treatment of mild to moderate plaque psoriasis.Patients and methodsTwenty‐two patients with chronic plaque psoriasis involving <10% BSA were included in this study. They were randomly allocated into 2 groups. In Group A, patients were instructed to apply cyclosporine cream twice daily for 5 consecutive days per week immediately after fractional carbon dioxide laser session. While in Group B, clobetasol cream was applied twice daily for 5 consecutive days per week until complete clearance or for a maximum of 10 weeks.The efficacy was objectively assisted clinically and by histopathology by using the scores and skin biopsy.ResultsThere was a significant improvement of erythema, plaque elevation, and scaling (p < 0.001) with the use of topical cyclosporine cream delivered by the aid of fractional CO2 laser, compared to base line. However, the improvement was more significant with topical clobetasol cream.ConclusionLaser‐assisted delivery of topical cyclosporine can provide comparable clinical and pathological improvement to that of clobetasol in the psoriatic plaques. These findings were apparent in patients with less widespread disease. However, topical steroid showed more improvement.
Increasing accuracy in documentation through the application of a structured emergency nursing framework: A multisite quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Munroe Belinda , Curtis Kate , Fry Margaret , Shaban Ramon Z. , Moules Peter , Elphick Tiana‐Lee , Ruperto Kate , Couttie Tracey , Considine Julie 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo determine if the use of an emergency nursing framework improves the accuracy of clinical documentation.BackgroundAccurate clinical documentation is a nursing professional responsibility essential for high‐quality and safe patient care. The use of the emergency nursing framework “HIRAID” (History, Identify Red flags, Assessment, Interventions, Diagnostics, reassessment and communication) improves emergency nursing care by reducing treatment delays and improving escalation of clinical deterioration. The effect of HIRAID on the accuracy of nursing documentation is unknown.DesignA quasi‐experimental pre‐post study was conducted and the report was guided by the strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) checklist.MethodsHIRAID was implemented in four regional/rural Australian emergency departments (ED) using a range of behaviour change strategies. The blinded electronic healthcare records of 120 patients with a presenting problem of shortness of breath, abdominal pain or fever were reviewed. Quantity measures of completeness and qualitative measures of completeness and linguistic correctness of documentation adapted from the D‐Catch tool were used to assess accuracy. Differences between pre‐post groups were analysed using Wilcoxon rank‐sum and two‐sample t‐tests for continuous variables. Pearson's Chi‐square and Fisher exact tests were used for the categorical data.ResultsThe number of records containing the essential assessment components of emergency care increased significantly from pre‐ to post‐implementation of HIRAID. This overall improvement was demonstrated in both paediatric and adult populations and for all presentation types. Both the quantitative and qualitative measures of documentation on patient history and physical assessment findings improved significantly.ConclusionUse of HIRAID improves the accuracy of clinical documentation of the patient history and physical assessment in both adult and paediatric populations.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe emergency nursing framework “HIRAID” is recommended for use in clinical practice to increase the documentation accuracy performed by emergency nurses.
Durable goods and welfare measurement
Authors: Amendola Nicola , Vecchi Giovanni 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe paper focuses on durable goods and their role in the measurement of living standards. The contribution of the paper is fourfold. First, we develop a unified framework to discuss the theoretical underpinnings of the methods used by welfare analysts to calculate the value of the services flowing from consumer durable goods—the acquisition approach, the rental equivalent approach, the user cost approach, and the opportunity cost approach. We conclude by endorsing the user cost approach. Second, we propose a new method to implement the user cost approach, dubbed the “economic life” depreciation model, which can be estimated with limited information, combining theoretical and practical advantages. Third, we examine some 200 official poverty assessment reports the world over, released between the early 2000s and the present day, and we document the gulf between theory and practice: overall, we find that the way durable goods are dealt with in welfare analysis is still highly inadequate. Fourth, we sketch a simple analytical framework to assess the distributional impact of different methods to estimate the consumption flow from durables. The main predictions of the model are tested using the 2012 Iraqi Household Income and Economic Survey.
Managing recurrent urinary tract infections in kidney transplant recipients using smartphone assisted urinalysis test
Authors: Chukwu Chukwuma A. , Rao Anirudh , Kalra Phillip A. , Middleton Rachel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundUrinary tract infection is the most frequent infectious complication in allograft recipients with poor outcomes. The study aimed to assess the effect of self‐testing urine dipsticks at home, with the assistance of smartphone technology, on the occurrence of urinary tract infection (UTI)‐associated complications and frequency and length of hospital admissions.MethodWe performed a retrospective cohort study of kidney transplant recipients with a history of recurrent UTI who used a newly introduced smartphone‐assisted dipsticks urinalysis test for self‐monitoring. Participants self‐administered the home urinalysis test with symptom onset. Antibiotics were prescribed if an infection was suspected, and home urinalysis was positive. The incidence of urinary infections, hospitalisations, and complications was evaluated before and during the home urinalysis period. Remote and face‐to‐face interactions with healthcare personnel were also assessed (cases acted as their controls).ResultsNineteen participants were included in the study. A total of 89.5% were females. Ninety home urinalysis tests were conducted over a mean period of 7 months. Sixty‐one of these were pre‐antibiotic. A total of 42.2% of all tests and 47.5% of the pre‐antibiotic tests were positive. UTI‐related hospitalisations were lower by 75% during the home urinalysis period; mean 1.26 (0.8–1.6) versus 0.32 (−0.01–0.6). The incidence of infection‐related complications was also 65% lower; mean 1.52 (0.8–2.2) versus 0.52 (−0.2–1.2) during the same period. The number of face‐to‐face interactions was slightly lower; mean 1.9 (1.1–2.2) versus 1.7 (0.6–2.8), with more remote interactions; mean 6.0 (3.7–8.5) versus 10.4 (6.5–14.3), during smartphone urinalysis. Fifty per cent of antibiotic‐treated UTI episodes had antibiotics within 24 h, rising to 82% within 48 h of a test.ConclusionSmartphone‐assisted home urinalysis enabled remote management of UTI in a high‐risk population. Outcomes point to a reduction in UTI complications and hospitalisations.
Agriculture, the Anthropocene and human health
Authors: Massy Charles 
Published: November 2021

AimTo examine the interconnection between the rise of modern industrial agriculture, the Anthropocene epoch, and impacts on human health.To examine the impact of the emerging field of regenerative agriculture in addressing the mounting negative planetary and human health challenges.MethodsStructured interviews in social research for a PhD with over 80 regenerative farmers and industrial farmers in the field; and subsequent interviews with 40 other farmers.Literature search into the rise of modern human and animal diseases, the Anthropocene, and cognitive and paradigm change.ResultsAs Earth slips further into the human‐caused Anthropocene epoch due to The Great Acceleration post‐1950, there is a directly connected exponential rise in modern human diseases. Despite the emergence of Western agriculture and modern industrial society, our bodies are still adapted to the environment of our Palaeolithic past. Industrial agriculture and harmful agricultural practices are stripping essential nutrients from our foods while also lacing them with novel chemicals we are not adapted for. Consequently, the functioning of our gut microbiome has become destabilised. Evidence continues to mount that this is a key reason behind the exponential rise of many modern diseases.ConclusionTo address what constitute evolutionary mismatch diseases due to cultural Dysevolution, a return to healthy regenerative agriculture, with foods rich in diverse nutrients and free of novel chemicals, provides a clear pathway to begin healing both the planetary systems and humans.
Innovative plAnt Protein fibre and Physical activity solutions to address poor appEtite and prevenT undernutrITion in oldEr adults – APPETITE
Authors: Volkert Dorothee , Corish Clare A. , Dardevet Dominique , De Vito Giuseppe , Guillet Christelle , Bader‐Mittermaier Stephanie , Robinson Sian , Roche Helen M. , Sayer Avan A. , Visser Marjolein 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOlder adults with poor appetite are at higher risk of undernutrition due to the role of appetite as a key driver of food intake. Dietary protein and fibre are critical nutrients in this population, and enhancing their intake is vital to preventing undernutrition and maintaining organ function and health. In APPETITE, a transdisciplinary consortium of experts from eight institutions in six European countries will collaborate to design potentially effective interventions to enhance protein and fibre consumption of community‐dwelling older adults with poor appetite, thereby addressing undernutrition through a targeted nutrition‐ and physical activity‐based strategy. Older adults with poor appetite will first be evaluated using a mixed‐methods approach to gain insights into their nutritional and behavioural preferences. Working with this target group, innovative, acceptable and affordable food products will be developed that combine several domestic plant proteins and dietary fibres. Mechanistic insights will be gained by examining the impact of selected products and physical activity on digestibility, amino acid bioavailability and whole‐body protein metabolism. In a multi‐country, randomised controlled intervention trial, the impact of two new food products, provided as part of a personalised diet, a physical activity programme, and their combination will be determined. APPETITE will improve our understanding about plant‐based protein and fibre products and their metabolic and clinical effects. It will create new knowledge about how these products can be combined in a whole‐diet approach, together with physical activity and regular social contacts, to overcome undernutrition and to contribute to a better quality of life for older Europeans.
Effect of amino acid‐based formula added to four‐food elimination in adult eosinophilic esophagitis patients: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: de Rooij Willemijn E. , Vlieg – Boerstra Berber , Warners Marijn J. , Van Ampting Marleen T.J. , van Esch Betty C. A. M. , Eussen Simone R. B. M. , Bredenoord Albert J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundElimination of key foods restricts dietary options in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) patients. Addition of amino acid‐based formula (AAF) to an elimination diet might facilitate adherence and, therefore, enhance efficacy of dietary management.AimTo evaluate whether addition of AAF to a four‐food elimination diet (FFED) is more effective than FFED alone in decreasing eosinophilia, endoscopic signs, and clinical outcomes.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial enrolled 41 adult patients with active EoE (≥15 eosinophils (eos) per high power field (hpf)) at baseline biopsy. Subjects were randomized (1:1 ratio) to groups given a FFED or FFED with addition of AAF providing 30% of their daily energy needs (FFED + AAF). Histological disease activity, endoscopic signs, symptoms, and disease‐related quality of life (EoEQoL) were measured at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention.ResultsPatients (60% male, age 34.5 (interquartile range (IQR) 29–42.8 years)) were randomized to FFED (n = 20) or FFED + AAF (n = 21); 40 participants completed the diet. Complete histological remission (<15 eos/hpf) was achieved in 48% of FFED + AAF subjects (n = 21) vs. 25% of FFED subjects (n = 20), respectively (p = 0.204). Peak eosinophil counts (PEC) decreased significantly in both groups between baseline and week 6, but the change in PEC between groups was not different (p = 0.130). A significant but similar endoscopic and symptomatic reduction was observed in both groups (all; p<0.05). Total EoEQoL scores significantly improved in the FFED + AAF group between baseline and week 6 (p = 0.007), and not in the FFED group.ConclusionThe addition of AAF to a FFED did not lead to a larger decrease in PEC between baseline and 6 weeks, but may result in a significant improvement of QoL in adult EoE patients NL6014 (NTR6778).
Role of the Lumbosacral Transition Vertebra and Vertebral Lamina in the Pathogenesis of Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Jin Lin , Yin Yingchao , Chen Wei , Zhang Ruipeng , Guo Jialiang , Tao Shiwu , Guo Zheming , Hou Zhiyong , Zhang Yingze 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of lumbosacral transition vertebrae (LSTVs) in both the normal population and the lumbar disc herniation (LDH) population and to determine the risk factors for LDH.MethodsBetween January 2019 and September 2020, all patients aged 18–39 years and underwent an anteroposterior (AP) X‐ray of the lumbar vertebrae were retrospective reviewed in our institution. Those patients who were diagnosed with LDH were eligible for inclusion in the LDH group. During the same period, those patients admitted to our hospital who underwent an anteroposterior X‐ray of the lumbar spine and had not been diagnosed with LDH were included in the control group. Those patients with disease that might affect the lumbar anatomy were excluded from both groups. The type of LSTV was classified according to the Castellvi classification. The height of the lumbar vertebral lamina was evaluated through the h/H index. The inter‐ and intra‐observer reliability was evaluated by one senior radiologist and one senior orthopedist using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The association between the LSTV and the herniation level was also investigated. Binary logistic regression was used to explore the association of different factors between the LDH group and the control group.ResultsTwo hundred LDH patients (115 male and 85 female) and 200 individuals (108 male and 92 female) were investigated retrospectively. The prevalence of LSTVs was 71.5% (n = 143) in the LDH group and 34.0% (n = 68) in the control group. The most frequent LSTV types were type Ib and type IIa. The inter‐ and intra‐observer ICCs of the measurement of “h/H” index and the classification of LSTV were all “excellent” (ICC > 0.90). The median h/H index in the control group was significantly higher than that in the LDH group (0.28 (0.26, 0.31) vs 0.34 (0.31, 0.37), P = 0.000). The distribution of the Castellvi classification in the L4/5 and L5/S1 herniation patients was significantly different (P = 0.048). LSTVs, BMI and the h/H index were closely associated with LDH, with odds ratios of 3.06 (95% CI: 2.12–4.43), 1.23 (95% CI: 1.13–1.33) and 0.09 (95% CI: 0.05–0.15), respectively. The incidence of L4/5 disc herniation in patients with an LSTV was significantly more common than that in patients with L5/S1 disc herniation (P = 0.048).ConclusionThe prevalence of LSTVs was 34.0% in the control group and 71.5% in the LDH group; LSTVs and BMI were positively correlated with LDH, and h/H was negatively correlated with LDH.
Past and Present Intergroup Contact and Conflict Among Inhabitants of Former Mixed Villages of Cyprus: The Role of Individual and Collective Experiences in Predicting Attitudes and Trust
Authors: Kende Judit , Psaltis Charis , Reiter Julia , Fousiani Kyriaki , Cakal Huseyin , G. T. Green Eva 
Published: November 2021

Positive attitudes and trust towards former adversaries facilitate reconciliation and peace building. Both historical and current intergroup experiences such as intergroup contact and conflict predict intergroup attitudes and trust, but no previous research has investigated the joint effects of these experiences. Therefore, we study the interplay of positive intergroup contact preceding conflict, negative experiences of the conflict, and positive intergroup contact following conflict. Drawing on social representations theory and using a multilevel design, we highlight the importance of both individual and collective experiences. We examine the effects of such experiences on intergroup attitudes and trust among a large sample of Greek Cypriots (N = 802) and Turkish Cypriots (N = 718) from 54 formerly ethnically mixed villages in the context of a protracted and frozen conflict in Cyprus. Present‐day individual contact related to more positive attitudes and higher trust regardless of participants’ past experiences of conflict or contact. Furthermore, past collective contact experiences predict more positive attitudes and higher trust, whereas past collective conflict experiences predicted more negative attitudes and lower trust. Finally, present‐day contact closes the gap in trust between respondents with low and high past contact. Overall, both current and historical and individual and collective experiences matter.
Molecular phylogeny of fucoxanthin‐chlorophyll a/c proteins from Chaetoceros gracilis and Lhcq/Lhcf diversity
Authors: Kumazawa Minoru , Nishide Hiroyo , Nagao Ryo , Inoue‐Kashino Natsuko , Shen Jian‐Ren , Nakano Takeshi , Uchiyama Ikuo , Kashino Yasuhiro , Ifuku Kentaro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDiatoms adapt to various aquatic light environments and play major roles in the global carbon cycle using their unique light‐harvesting system, i.e. fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c binding proteins (FCPs). Structural analyses of photosystem II (PSII)–FCPII and photosystem I (PSI)–FCPI complexes from the diatom Chaetoceros gracilis have revealed the localization and interactions of many FCPs; however, the entire set of FCPs has not been characterized. Here, we identify 46 FCPs in the newly assembled genome and transcriptome of C. gracilis. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that these FCPs can be classified into five subfamilies: Lhcr, Lhcf, Lhcx, Lhcz, and the novel Lhcq, in addition to a distinct type of Lhcr, CgLhcr9. The FCPs in Lhcr, including CgLhcr9 and some Lhcqs, have orthologous proteins in other diatoms, particularly those found in the PSI–FCPI structure. By contrast, the Lhcf subfamily, some of which were found in the PSII–FCPII complex, seems to be diversified in each diatom species, and the number of Lhcqs differs among species, indicating that their diversification may contribute to species‐specific adaptations to light. Further phylogenetic analyses of FCPs/light‐harvesting complex (LHC) proteins using genome data and assembled transcriptomes of other diatoms and microalgae in public databases suggest that our proposed classification of FCPs is common among various red‐lineage algae derived from secondary endosymbiosis of red algae, including Haptophyta. These results provide insights into the loss and gain of FCP/LHC subfamilies during the evolutionary history of the red algal lineage.