bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Echocardiography features in determining left atrial dilatation in patients with hypertension
Authors: Kirillova V. V. 
Published: July 2021

Background. The correct echocardiographic (Echo) determination of left atrial (LA) dilatation is a criterion for diagnosing heart failure with the preserved ejection fraction.Objective. The aim is to detect probable reasons for underestimating the LA area by Echo in hypertension patients.Design and methods. In the prospective study, the LA area was measured echocardiographically in 89 ambulatory patients (P-wave duration in standard lead II was > 0.1 mm in 57 patients and ≤ 0.1 mm in 32 patients) from the apical four- and two-chamber views with and without focusing on the LA, and from the subcostal four-chamber view.Results. A strong positive correlation was detected between ECG P-wave duration and the Echo LA area (r = 0.74). The LA areas were revealed to be different in patients with P-wave duration over 0.1 mm from the apical fourchamber view with optimization of displaying the LA (22.33 ± 0.68 and 19.02 ± 0.56 cm2, respectively). The maximum LA area was detected from the subcostal fourchamber view (24.41 ± 0.78).Conclusion. Thus, using the correspondence between the LA area and Pwave duration in standard lead II, optimization of displaying the LA, and additionally measuring the LA dimensions from the subcostal view, sonologists can avoid underestimating LA dimensions.
PARIS EST UNE FOIRE AUX ENCHERES LITTERAIRE
Authors: Секеруш Павле , Секеруш Ивана Живанчевић , Поповић Вирђинија 
Published: July 2021

Prosateur subtile qui se rêvait poète, intellectuel libre et farouchement indépendant, Danilo Kiš est en contact avec la culture française depuis son enfance. Il apprend le français à l'école et commence à publier ses premières traductions du français pendant ses études à Belgrade. Engagé comme lecteur de langue serbo-croate, il séjourne à Strasbourg, Bordeaux, et Lille pour s’installer définitivement à Paris où il vit jusqu’à sa mort. Ses œuvres les plus importantes écrites en France, traduites et publiées dans les plus grandes maisons d'édition parisiennes, laisseront leur marque sur la culture française et mondiale. Par son activité, Danilo Kiš s’impose comme un point central d’échange entre deux espaces culturels: le français, qui lui ouvre la porte vers le monde et l’espace serbe, yougoslave et centre-européen. Le premier lui offre la tolérance de la ville cosmopolite et la liberté, mais aussi la politisation insupportable et la prétention inhérente au grand centre et le deuxième, la chaleur de la langue maternelle, la proximité et la sécurité, mais aussi l’environnement provincial borné, l’anarchie et la terreur politique. Combinant la théorie des transferts culturels de Michel Espagne et les théories sur la « littérature mondiale » qui supposent l’analyse des espaces culturels transnationaux de Pascale Casanova Kiš se montre comme médiateur culturel entre deux mondes.
STRATEGI KEPALA MADRASAH DALAM MENGIMPLEMENTASIKAN PROGRAM TAHFIDZUL QUR’AN DI MADRASAH ALIYAH NEGERI 1 SAMPANG DAN MADRASAH ALIYAH AL-ITTIHAD AL-ISLAMI CAMPLONG SAMPANG
Authors: Khoiri Ahmad , Mulyadi Mulyadi , Supriyatno Triyo 
Published: July 2021

This study aims to describe the strategy of the madrasa head in implementing the memorizing (tahfidz) al-Qur'an program in MAN 1 Sampang and MA Al-Ittihad Al-Islami Camplong, with sub foci including (1) madrasa head planning, (2) madrasa head program implementation, and (3) the implications of the madrasa head strategy, which was carried out by MAN 1 Sampang and MA Al-Ittihad Al-Islami Camplong Sampang Madura. The results of this study indicate that: 1) planning the tahfidzul Qur'an program namely; cooperating with various parties both inside and outside the school, determining the coach of tahfidz who already memorized 30 juices. 2) The process of implementing the Tahfidz program is carried out every week at 06: 50-07: 30 WIB in each class using the Muroja'ah and Tikrar methods, the depositing process can be carried out on male or female coaches or assistant coaches. 3) Implications of the program of tahfidz al-Qur'an namely; improve the quality of madrasas, the number of student memorization that exceeds the target, and student achievement in non-academic fields. Keyword: Strategy, Remembering, Memorizing, Tikrar
EVALUATING COMPOSITIONAL FIDELITY AND SOURCES OF MORTALITY OF SHORELINE FISH CARCASSES IN A FRESHWATER LAKE COMMUNITY IN WESTERN CANADA
Authors: REIMCHEN T.E. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTTaxonomic comparisons of death assemblages with extant communities continue to provide insight for ecological studies but whether demographic aspects such as age structure, sex ratio, and causes of mortality are accurately captured by the former remains little studied. At a 110 ha dystropic lake in western Canada, seasonal shoreline accumulations of fish carcasses were collected annually for 12 years (N=4499) during 95 full lake-circuits and analyzed for taxa, body size frequencies, sex ratio relative to live-captures and sources of mortality. Rank order of the four fish species (Gasterosteus aculeatus, Oncorhynchus clarki, O. keta, Salvelinus malma) was similar for live-captures and carcasses. Of the dominant species (G. aculeatus), modal adult body length (∼80 mm SL) was the same for carcasses and live-captures and shifted by about 10% over 30 years with parallel trends between the groups for both sexes. Age-specific body size was about 5% larger (P&lt;0.001) in carcasses than live-captures. Carcasses were significantly female-biased (2:1) each year relative to a population sex ratio of 1:1 in the lake. There was a complete absence of juvenile fish (&lt;30 mm) among carcasses but these constituted 70% of the live population. Estimated relative contributions to mortality for the carcasses include starvation (&lt;1%), parasitism (3%), senescence (4%) and lethal injuries from predator attack (70–80%). If these carcasses are representative of a fossil series in freshwater lake sediments, then several demographic parameters including age-specific body size, age-class frequencies and sex ratio depart substantially from the live population. As well, the virtual absence of avian piscivores in the carcass assemblage, the major source of predation on the fish population, warrants additional attention in paleoecological studies.
Overuse of antibiotics in maternity and neonatal wards, a descriptive report from public hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Kakolwa Mwaka Athuman , Woodd Susannah L. , Aiken Alexander M. , Manzi Fatuma , Gon Giorgia , Graham Wendy J. , Kabanywanyi Abdunoor M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Overuse of antibiotics is a major challenge and undermines measures to control drug resistance worldwide. Postnatal women and newborns are at risk of infections and are often prescribed prophylactic antibiotics, although there is no evidence to support their universal use in either group. Methods: We performed point prevalence surveys in three hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, in 2018 to collect descriptive data on antibiotic use and infections in maternity and neonatal wards. Results: Prescribing of antibiotics was high in all three hospitals ranging from 90% (43/48) to 100% (34/34) in women after cesarean section, from 1.4% (1/73) to 63%(30/48) in women after vaginal delivery, and from 89%(76/85) to 100%(77/77) in neonates. The most common reason for prescribing antibiotics was medical prophylaxis in both maternity and neonatal wards.Conclusion: We observed substantial overuse of antibiotics in postnatal women and newborns.This calls for urgent antibiotic stewardship programs in Tanzanian hospitals to curb the inappropriate use and limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance.
Modelling for The COVID-19 with The Contacting Distance
Authors: Ma Zhihui , Wang Shufan , Lin Xuanru , Li Xiaohua , Han Xiaotao , Wang Haoyang , Liu Hua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19, which belongs to the family of Coronaviridae and is large-scale outbreak in the whole world, is a public health emergency for human beings and brings some very harmful consequences in social and economic fields. In order to modelling the COVID-19 and develop the efficient control method corresponding to the contacting distance, this paper proposes an SEIR-type epidemic model with the contacting distance between the healthy individuals and the asymptomatic or symptomatic infected individuals, and the immigration rate of the healthy individuals, since the contacting distance and the immigration rate are two critical factors which determine the transmission of the COVID-19. Firstly, the threshold contacting distance and the threshold immigration rate are obtained by analyze the dynamical behaviors of the proposed SEIR-type epidemic model in order to control the COVID-19. The effect of the contacting distance and the immigration rate on the control of the COVID-19 are revealed based on ecological and epidemiological issues. The results show that the COVID-19 will be controlled while the contacting distance between the healthy individuals and the symptomatic infected individuals is larger than the threshold value A~ and the immigration rate is smaller than the threshold value ~ d. Secondly, the sensitivity analysis is conducted and the results show that the contacting distance and the immigration rate play an important role in controlling the COVID-19. Finally, the numerical test for Wuhan city are conducted and the conclusions show that the extinct lag decreases as the the contacting distance increase or the immigration rate decrease. Our study could give some reasonable suggestions for the health officials and the public.
Well-being of academic staff in Belgium during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Steenhout Iris , Laere Sven Van , Vesentini Lara , Bilsen Johan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The 2020 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic introduced unprecedented disruptions in both working conditions and social life. This lead to a variety of additional stressors for academics. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the SARS-CoV-2 measures on academics, introduced during the first SARS-CoV-2 wave in Belgium, and to verify possible intervening variables in coping with these measures (stress management). The position, family and home situation of the respondents was checked. A cross-sectional study design was used. The study included 1837 respondents from the different Belgian universities. The overall mental and physical well-being amongst academics was lower during the SARS-CoV-2 measures. The results of a hierarchical regression suggest that decline in physical health is associated with an increase in tasks at home, sickness, less options to plan work and breaks, the self-perceived lower quality of teaching and research and the fear that the measures create a backlog at work. Furthermore, having kids had a negative effect on the work/private life balance, which in turn had an effect on physical well-being. A decline in mental well-being was associated with a fading boundary between work and private life, the necessity to take on more house-keeping tasks, sickness, the fear that the disruptions would create a backlog at work, less control over the work planning and less periods of pause during work.
Efficacy comparison and safety analysis of radical resection of sigmoid colon cancer based on different cancer locations
Authors: Chen Li , Chen Engeng , Jin Dongai , Chen Min , Zhou Wei , Song Zhangfa 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Sigmoid colon cancer is a common type of colon cancer; it refers to tumor lesions occurring in the segment approximately 16 cm to 50 cm from the anal margin. Currently, surgical resection is the most effective treatment for non-metastatic sigmoid colon cancer. Therefore, to more accurately standardize colon cancer surgery, we classified the sigmoid colon into distal and proximal segments. This study compares and analyzes the intraoperative situation, postoperative pathology and safety of radical resection of sigmoid cancer in different locations from different aspects. Result: The patients with sigmoid colon tumor can be divided into distal group (16-30cm from the anus) and proximal group (31-50cm from the anus) according to the distance between the tumor and the anal margin. Conclusion: The patients in the distal group using stapler for intestinal anastomosis and anal decompression tube were significantly more than those in the proximal group. For the ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery, high ligation was usually used or the left colic artery was usually preserved in the distal group, and the superior rectal artery was usually retained in the proximal group. The incidence of postoperative complications in the distal group was higher than that in the proximal group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups.
Enhanced Reduction of Polymicrobial Biofilms on the Orthodontic Brackets and Enamel Surface Remineralization Using Zeolite-Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles- Based Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Pourhajibagher Maryam , Bahador Abbas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-biofilm and anti-metabolic activities of zeolite-zinc oxide nanoparticles (Zeo/ZnONPs)-based antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) against pre-formed polymicrobial biofilms on the orthodontic brackets, as well as, assess the remineralization efficacy on polymicrobial biofilms induced enamel lesions. Following synthesis and characterization of Zeo/ZnONPs, cell cytotoxicity, hemolytic effect, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were determined. The anti-biofilm and anti-metabolic activities of aPDT using different concentrations of Zeo/ZnONPs were investigated. Microhardness tester and DIAGNOdent Pen were used to evaluate the changes of remineralization degree on the treated enamel slabs duration one and three months. No significant cytotoxicity and erythrocyte hemolysis were observed in treated cells with Ze/ZnONPs. When irradiated, suggesting that the Ze/ZnONPs were photoactivated, generating ROS and leading to reduce dose-dependently the cell viability and metabolic activity of polymicrobial biofilms. Also, the enamel surface microhardness value of exposed enamel showed a steady increase with the concentration of Zeo/ZnONPs. No statistically significant differences were shown between aPDT and sodium fluoride varnish as the control group. Overall, Zeo/ZnONPs-based aPDT with the greatest remineralization efficacy of enamel surface can be used as an anti-biofilm therapeutic method, which is involved with their potent ability to produce ROS.
A meta-analysis of Twitter assisted learning outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Yu Zhonggen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The use of social media such as Twitter has been widely used in education during the COVID-19 pandemic due to their positive learning outcomes. To summarize the effect of Twitter use on educational outcomes, this study included 22 high-quality peer-reviewed journal articles for meta-analysis. It is concluded that the Twitter assisted learning approach can lead to significantly higher learning outcomes than the non-Twitter assisted but the former cannot lead to significantly higher teaching effectiveness than the latter. The use of Twitter can improve learning outcomes in the USA and Sweden rather than Spain. Twitter can significantly improve learning engagement in the USA but not in Greece. Males tend to show significantly higher learning outcomes than females in the Twitter assisted learning context. Whether Twitter is used as a supplementary or an integrated tool can significantly improve learning outcomes. Future research may adopt more interdisciplinary methods and include more literature to summarize the effect of Twitter use on educational outcomes especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Investigating the Efficiency of Photothrombosis-Associated Focal Cerebral Ischemia by Monitoring Histopathological Changes and Neurobehavioral Performance in Model of Mouse
Authors: Shabani Zahra , Farhoudi Mehdi , Rahbarghazi Reza , Karimipour Mohammad , Mehrad Hossein , Ghadiri Tahereh 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Photothrombotic (PT) stroke model is a novel method to induce ischemic stroke in the target site using excitation of photosensitive agents such as Rose Bengal (RB) dye after light illumination. Here, we performed a PT-induced brain ischemic model using green laser and photosensitive agent RB and confirmed its efficiency through cellular, histological and neurobehavioral approaches.Methods: Mice were randomly allocated into RB; Laser irradiation; and RB + Laser irradiation groups. Mice were exposed to green laser at a wavelength of 532 nm and intensity 150 mW in a mouse model after injection of RB under stereotactic surgery. The pattern of Hemorrhagic and ischemic changes were evaluated throughout the study. The volume of the lesion site was calculated using unbiased stereological methods. For investigation of neurogenesis, we performed double - (BrdU/NeuN) immunofluorescence (IF) staining on day 28 following the last- BrdU injection. To assess the effect and quality of ischemic stroke on neurological behavior, the Modified neurological severity score (mNSS) test was done on days 1, 7, 14, and 28 days after stroke induction.Results: Laser irradiation plus RB induced hemorrhagic tissue and pale ischemic changes over the 5 days. On the next days, microscopic staining revealed neural tissue degeneration, demarcated necrotic site, and neuronal injury. BrdU staining showed a significant number of proliferating cells in the periphery of the lesion site in the Laser irradiation plus RB group compared to the group (p<0.05) while the percent of NeuN+ cells per BrdU- positive cells was reduced. Also, prominent astrogliosis was observed in the periphery of irradiated sites on day 28. Neurological deficits were detected in mice from Laser irradiation plus the RB group. No histological or functional deficits were detected in RB and Laser irradiation groups. Conclusion: Our study revealed that the PT could induce neuropathological alterations and neurobehavioral deficits. Moreover, our findings indicated that the undesirable microenvironment and inflammatory conditions could affect the neurogenesis concomitantly with functional deficits. Taken together, this method of PT introduces a focal, reproducible, noninvasive and accessible stroke model with a distinctive demarcation similar to human stroke conditions.
Potential of Prevention Strategies For The Modifiable Risk Factor Type 2 Diabetes On The Future Number of Dementia Patients in Germany– A Multi-State Projection Through 2040
Authors: Fink Anne , Demuth Ilja , Doblhammer Gabriele 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

We assess the impact of prevention strategies regarding type 2 diabetes as a modifiable risk factor for dementia and its consequences for the future number of dementia patients in Germany.
Methods

We used a random sample of health claims data (N = 250,000) of insured persons aged 50 + drawn in 2014, and data on population size and death rates in 2015 from the Human Mortality Database. Using exponential hazard models, we calculated age- and sex-specific transition probabilities and death rates between the states (no diabetes/no dementia, diabetes/no dementia, no diabetes/dementia, diabetes/dementia). In multi-state projections, we estimated the future number of dementia cases aged 75 + through 2040 depending on the development of the incidence of diabetes among persons without diabetes and without dementia, and the dementia incidence among persons with and without diabetes.
Results

In 2015 there were 1.34 million people with dementia aged 75 + in Germany. A relative annual reduction in death rates of 2.5% will increase this number to 2.68 million by 2040. A relative reduction of diabetes incidence by 1% annually would decrease dementia cases by around 26,000, while a reduction of dementia incidence among people with diabetes by 1% would result in 175,000 fewer dementia cases. Both prevention strategies combined would prevent 191,000 dementia cases in 2040.
Conclusions

The increase in life expectancy is decisive for the future number of people with dementia. Strategies of better diabetes treatment have the potential to lower the number of dementia patients in the coming decades.
Evolution of The Angiopoietin-Like Gene Family and Their Role in Lipid Metabolism in Pigs
Authors: Zheng Zibin , Lyu Wentao , Hong Qihua , Yang Hua , Li Ying , Zhao Shengjun , Ren Ying , Xiao Yingping 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Lipid metabolism is closely associated with various metabolic diseases, such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. More importantly, it also affects the carcass quality of animals. Angiopoietin-like protein (Angiopoietin-like, ANGPTL) family members are encoded by 8 genes and play an important role in lipid metabolism and angiogenesis. In this study, we first systematically described the phylogenetic characteristics of pig ANGPTL family genes and identified the critical roles of ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL8 in the lipid metabolism of pigs.
Methods

The amino acid sequence analysis, phylogenetic analysis, and chromosome adjacent gene analysis were performed to identify the ANGPTL gene family in pigs. Furthermore, according to the body weight data from 60 Jinhua pigs, different tissues of 6 pigs with average body weight were used to determine the expression profile of ANGPTL1-8. The ileum, subcutaneous fat, and liver of 8 pigs with distinct fatness were selected to analyze the gene expression of ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4, and ANGPTL8.
Results

Results showed the sequence length of ANGPTLs in pigs was between 1186 and 1991 bp, and the pig ANGPTL family members shared common features with human homologous genes, including the high similarity of the amino acid sequence and chromosome flanking genes. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that ANGPTL1-7 had a highly conserved domain except for ANGPTL8. Phylogenetic analysis showed that each ANGPTL homologous gene was clustered with other mammalian sequences, away from other vertebrates. RT-qPCR analysis showed that ANGPTL family members had different expression patterns in different tissues. ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL8 were mainly expressed in the liver, while ANGPTL4 was expressed in many other tissues, such as the intestine and subcutaneous fat. The expression levels of ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4 in Jinhua pigs with low propensity for adipogenesis were significantly higher than those of high propensity for adipogenesis.
Conclusions

These results increase our knowledge about the biological role of the ANGPTL family in this important economic species. In addition, it will also help to better understand the role of ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL8 in lipid metabolism of pigs, and provide innovative ideas for develop strategies to improve pig carcass quality.