bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water quality of Sempu Strait to support the ecosystem resilience
Authors: Isdianto A , Luthfi O M , Asadi M A , Haykal M F , Harahab N , Kurniawan A , Wicaksono A D 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Sempu Island is one of the marine conservation areas, which has an important function in the conservation stage, namely preservation, preservation itself means the preservation of biodiversity and protected areas in biotic and abiotic life support systems. Many problems arise on Sempu Island as a protected area due to lack of access, which triggers a conflict of interest in the management of the area between policy makers and the community. Water quality is an important parameter for assessing water conditions and productivity associated with other biotic parameters, such as plankton and zooxanthellae. The method used in this research is quantitative method with direct in-situ data collection using water quality parameters measuring instrument AAQ Rinko 1183. Data collection was carried out at 15 station points in the Sempu Strait. The results obtained show that the average temperature in the Sempu Strait waters is 26.27 °C, turbidity is 0.40 ftu, salinity levels are 34.57 ppt, pH levels are 8.6, DO levels are 6.656074 mg / L, and chlorophyll content of 1.17 mg / m 3. This research is the result of preliminary research from the advanced research stage, which discusses the resilience of the Sempu Island aquatic ecosystem.
Phytoplankton species distribution around the fishing ground of Oma waters, Central Maluku, Indonesia
Authors: Haumahu S , Kesaulya I , Siwalette E T 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Oma water is directly related to the Banda Sea, which causes this water to have the highest diversity of fisheries resources. Oma waters is a potential fishing ground for small and big pelagic fishes. One of the most important pieces of information on the abundance of small fishes in this area is the abundance of phytoplankton. Until now, there was not any information available on phytoplankton species composition as well as its abundance. The objective of this research was to study the species composition of phytoplankton, its abundance and, some ecological indices. Sampling was carried out in April 2017 at a 14-fixed sampling station using Kitahara plankton net. Sampling was conducted vertically from 20 meters depth to the surface water. Hydrological parameters such as temperature, salinity, pH, and water transparency were measured in-situ. Nitrate and phosphate were analyzed in a chemical laboratory in LIPI-Ambon. The total of 65 phytoplankton species was identified from the study area and can be grouped into Bacillariophycea, Dinophyceae, and Cyanophyceae. Bacillariophycea has dominated this phytoplankton species composition (70.70%). A total abundance of phytoplankton in this study area varied from 1.09 × 105 cells l -1 to 5.70×105 cells l -1. The five dominant species found in this study were Guinardia flacida, Thalassionema nitzschioides. Skeletonema costatum, Thalassiosira gravida, Chaetoceros curvisetus, and The Shannon diversity index (H’) varied from 1.447 to 2.774. The evenness index (J’) was between 0.404 and 0.738. The dominance index was from 0.262 to 0.596. Phytoplankton abundance had a positive correlation with water transparency and salinity, whereas the number of phytoplankton had a positive correlation with seawater temperature and nitrate concentration
Financial feasibility of hand line fisheries and determination of tuna production in Ambon Island
Authors: Siahainenia S M , Apituley Y M T N , Bawole D 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The potential availability of fish resources can be utilized in various economic activities to improve the welfare of coastal communities. The utilization of tuna by using hand line is still carried out by small and medium scale fisheries with some limitations, such as technical production, costs and management skills. The purpose of this study was to describe the technical profile of tuna fishery production in Ambon Island, specifically in Negeri Tial and Negeri Laha; analyze the absolute profit level of tuna fishermen; analyze hand line fisheries business feasibility; and determine the efficient fishing input. Negeri Tial and Laha are the centers of handline fisheries in Ambon Island. This study was conducted by survey. Primary data collection through empirically constructed questionnaires and secondary data obtained from several related agencies. Samples were taken purposively, so that the number of samples in each Negeri was 20 units. A qualitative method approach is used to describe the technicalities of tuna fisheries production, while for other purposes a quantitative approach is used. The results showed that in increasing production, tuna fishermen in Tial and Laha used relatively the same type of hand line and fishing vessel size, but the use of artificial bait in Laha was more varied. Both research objects gain advantages and are feasible to be developed. Fishing input that is efficient in increasing production is the experience of fishermen and the frequency of fishing. Based on the research results, hand line tuna fisheries in Negeri Tial and Laha can be developed to improve the welfare of business actors.
Feeding habits of giant trevally Caranx ignobilis (Carangidae) rearing in floating cage nets
Authors: Loupatty J W , Laimeheriwa B M , Wenno P A , Keiwury O 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of this research is to determine the amount of trash fish the fish need for growth, and possible saving strategies through reducing the amount of feed until the minimum requirement is reached. Bubara fish C. ignobilis was reared in aquatec floating cages, each cage measuring 3 m × 3 m × 3m. In this study, the fish were reared in four smaller bags, with the size 1.5m × 1.5m × 1.5m placed in one large bag. As many as 75 fish with varying sizes were placed in a small bag, while 20 selected fish were allowed to measure. Fish that are placed in small bags vary in size with a length of 9.56 - 11,125 cm (TL) and a weight of 6.5 - 8.7 g. Each small bag was given different treatments, successively as follows: three day fasting - three day eating (T3), four day fasting - four day eating (T4), and five day fasting - five day eating (T5). Fish are fed 10 -15% of the total biomass, at 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. daily for 70 consecutive days. Every week, the measurement of waters parameters is carried out to determine the condition of the waters that support aquaculture activities. The results showed that there was weight gainned in the three treatments which were stated based on the absolute growth rate in weight (AGR): 0.65 g.day -1 in T3 treatment; 0.77 g.day -1 in T4 treatment; and 0.80 g.day -1 in T5 treatment. Bubara fish C. ignobilis also had the best survival rates during the rearing period even though they were treated without food with the survival rates of 90 - 95%. The efficiency of feed utilization as stated by the FCR shows that the treatment without food (fasting treatment) can be used as a mode to reduce feed spending. Treatment without food is also able to increase the number of small intestinal villi to expand the absorption surface, so that more feed is used compared to those left to rot at the bottom of the bag.
Masculinization of beta fish larvae Betta splendens through the different treatment immersion of honey solution and larval age
Authors: Pattiasina B J , Pattinasarany M M , Manuputty M M D , Kokmesa E R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Betta fish Betta splendens have morphological differences between males and females. Male betta fish have more attractive body colors and shapes than females. This causes the selling value and market demand for males to be higher than that of females. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to get enough male fish through masculinization. So far masculinization or the sex reversal into males using androgen hormones before sex differentiation occurs. However, the use of steroid hormones has been banned and reduced, because they cause environmental and public health problems and are carcinogenic. This study used natural honey solution to determine the effect of length immersion time in the honey solution and to obtain a suitable larval age for masculinization on the early gonadal formation and larval survival after treatment. Masculinization was carried out using larvae in three treatments immersion time as follows 10 hours, 11 hours, 12 hours, and control. After that, the treatment was continued with the best results of the treatment using 7-day old larvae (D7), D9, and D11. Each treatment using 30 larvae was immersed in a honey solution of 3 liters with a concentration of 5 ml / L. The treatments were kept until 60 days before sex observation. Early observations of gonad formation were carried out after the larvae were D20 with HE-stained histology. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a chi-square test. The results showed that the treatment for 12 hours of immersion had the highest male sex ratio (93%). While the treatment on D7 larvae age in honey solution had the highest percentage in males (96%). It can be concluded that the increase in the percentage of male betta fish is influenced by the length of time immersion in the honey solution and the age of the larvae in the first week after hatching. All treatments did not affect the survival of betta fish larvae.
Characteristic of physicochemical ATC Kappaphycus alvarezii from Kolorai Village South Morotai District on different harvesting time
Authors: Hiariey S L , Lekahena V N J , Safar I 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Kappaphycus alvarezii is kind of red seaweeds that can be cultivated to produce carrageenan. Fishermen in Kolorai Island of South Morotai are cultivated this seaweed. A number of studies show that the quality of carrageenan was determined by the length times of cultivation and coastal chemical physics parameter. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of harvesting Kappaphycus alvarezii on different time to characteristic ATC flour. Random design complete one factor used to know the influence of treatment at the different harvesting time (30, 40 and 50 days) and used the extraction of 8% NaOH solution. The parameters observed included yield, whiteness degree, moisture content, ash content, viscosity and gel strength. Result showed that ATC flour at harvest time 40 days was the best with gel strength 630.77g/cm2; yield harvest 10.20%; whiteness degree 57.88 at physical test. The chemical test showed that moisture content and ash content is low 12.70 % and 37.40 %. Eight percent of NaOH extraction did not give significant influence of harvest yield, whiteness degree, ash content and moisture content, but give significant influence of gel strength of ATC flour.
Investigation of Escherichia
coli contamination in fresh momar (Decapterus sp) in Ambon City fish market
Authors: Wattimena M L , Mailoa M N , Tupan J , Putri F A , Nanlohy E E E M , Leiwerissa S , Leiwakabessy J , Lokollo E , Huwae J R , Usu La 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The process of handling fresh fish by traders is still inadequate in terms of safety when handling fish after rigor mortis. Preliminary exploration in the market results in the fish that reach consumers being contaminated microbiologically in addition to chemical and physical contamination. Microbiological contamination is of great concern because it can potentially cause disease. This study investigated Escherichia coli contamination on momar (Decapterus sp) sold in three Ambon City fish markets, namely the Arumbae fish market, the Rumah Tiga fish market and the Wayame fish market. This study used descriptive analysis with E. coli detection testing. The results of the investigation of the presence of E. coli is positive for momar in the Arumbae market and it is already exceeding the maximum contaminant of ISO 7388-2009 E. coli bacteria in fresh fish. On the other hand, E. coli bacteria is not detected for momar from the Rumah Tiga market and the Wayame market. The potential for E. coli contamination in the Arumbae market may come from the washing water used.
The impact of climate variables on nutmeg (Mirystica fragrans HOUTT) production in Saparua Island, Central Maluku Regency
Authors: Rehatta H , Leatemia J A , Laimeheriwa S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Nutmeg is a prime estate commodity that has high economic value, a major source of income for farmers in some areas of Maluku as well as a source of Indonesian foreign exchange through export. Nutmeg is originally from Banda archipelago, Maluku, Indonesia. Nutmeg grows in specific areas with certain agroclimatic condition, therefore climate as an environmental factor plays an important role in nutmeg production. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of climate variables on the productivity of nutmeg in Saparua Island. The study was conducted in Saparua Island, Central Maluku Regency from April to October 2017. Survey method was used in this study. Three villages were chosen purposively since they are the center of nutmeg production on the island. Direct observations were done in the fields as well as interviewing key respondents. Statistical and climate data was obtained from related institutions. Rainfall trend was analyzed to determine climate change and regression analysis was done to see the relationship between climate variables (air temperature, air relative humidity and annual rainfall) with nutmeg production in the last 10 years. The result showed that there has been an increased in total rainfall of 374 mm (13.0%) in the study area in the period of the last 30 years (1987-2016) compared with the previous period (1957-1986) which indicates there has been climate change in Saparua island. The contribution of climate variables (air temperature, air relative humidity and rainfall) to nutmeg production were 45.52%; 37.13% and 55.12% respectively.
Calculation of evaporation rates of all components in Ag-Pb-Sn ternary alloy in vacuum distillation using modified molecular interaction volume model
Authors: You Yanjun , Kong Lingxin , Xu Junjie , Liu Ganggang , Yang Bin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this study, the activities of each component in Ag-Pb, Ag-Sn, Pb-Sn binary and Ag-Pb-Sn ternary alloy systems were predicted using molecular interaction volume model (MIVM), modified molecular interaction volume model (M-MIVM), Wilson equation and nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) model, respectively. The average standard deviation and average relative deviation of these four models are also calculated. The results show that the prediction deviations of M-MIVM are smallest among four models, which indicates that M-MIVM is reliable for prediction of activity of these alloy systems. The volatilization coefficients (α) of Ag-Pb, Ag-Sn and Pb-Sn binary alloy systems were calculated based on M-MIVM. The results show that α
Ag-Pb ≫ 1 and α
Pb-Sn ≪ 1, which indicates that Pb will be enriched in the vapor phase while Ag (or Sn) in the liquid phase in vacuum distillation of Ag-Pb alloy (or Pb-Sn alloy). The values of α
Ag-Sn were in the range from 0.1 to 10 which indicates that Ag-Sn alloy is difficult to be separated by vacuum distillation. The evaporation rates of each component in Ag-Pb, Ag-Sn, Pb-Sn and Ag-Pb-Sn alloy systems at 1173 K, 1273 K and 1373 K were calculated based on M-MIVM. The results indicate that the evaporation rate of Pb is in the order of magnitude 10−1 ∼ 101 in Ag-Pb, Pb-Sn and Ag-Pb-Sn alloy systems and it is 104 ∼ 106 times larger than that of Sn (or Ag). The evaporation rate of Pb in Pb-Sn alloy decreases with the addition of the third component Ag. This work provides a new method for the development of kinetics research and a theoretical guidance for industrial production in vacuum distillation.
Estimation of the boiling point and prediction of the VLE in methyl benzoate + N-octane binary liquid systems via viscosity-temperature dependence at atmospheric pressure
Authors: Alzamil Noura O 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Prediction and estimation of physicochemical properties of binary mixtures are of high importance for understanding the structure and molecular interactions. Excess and deviation properties exhibiting non-linear behaviour in methyl benzoate + n-Octane binary liquid mixtures at (303.15, 308.15, and 313.15) K for density and viscosity experimental values were presented in our earlier work. Here these experimental and calculated values were utilized to explore the applicability of the predictive Haj-Kacem equation and the recently proposed Messaâdi equation as well as their corresponding relative and derivative functions. Their correlation ability at different temperatures, with different parameters are also discussed in the case of limited experimental data. These relative functions are important to reduce the effect of temperature and, consequently, to unveil the effects of different natures of interactions. Despite the quasi-equality between the enthalpy for viscous flow activation ΔH*, and the viscosity Arrhenius energy of activation Ea, it limits excess partial molar energy of activation Ea1 and Ea2 for methyl benzoate and n-Octane, respectively, are investigated, along with their individual contributions independently. Molar activation energies at infinite dilution were deduced from different methods, activation parameters and partial molar Gibbs energy of activation for viscous flow against compositions were investigated. The results of these observations have been interpreted in terms of the structural effects of the solvents. In this context, a correlating equation is proposed in the present work and to estimate the normal boiling temperature of pure constituents and the nature of the isobaric vapour-liquid diagram in the binary liquid mixture. The obtained equations present a satisfactory result and are expected to be useful for future studies.
Pressure-induced phase transition in magnetoresistance perovskite La0.75Ca0.25MnO3: a GGA + U study
Authors: Mankou Bakala D P , Mouketo L , Malonda-Boungou B R , Joubert D , M’Passi-Mabiala B 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Density functional theory calculations within a DFT+U approach have been carried out to determine the effect of hydrostatic pressure and strain on the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of La0.75Ca0.25MnO3. We investigate the opportunuty of the appearence of the A-type antiferromagnetic phase under pressure as observed from experiments. At ambient pressure and in the hydrostatic pressure regime (4–25 GPa), the system remains ferromagnetic in its ground state, and the A-type antiferromagnetic coupling is tied to Mn e
g
orbital order while the ferromagnetic behavior refers to orbital disorder one. No magnetic transition was found when increasing the hydrostatic pressure up to 25 GPa. Applying a tetragonal distortion along the b direction of the pnma orthorhombic structure, the system exhibits a transition from the ferromagnetic orbitally disordered phase to the A-type antiferromagnetic orbitally ordered phase at about 22.5 GPa, in agreement with experiment. Projected density of states (PDOS) calculations predict the pressure and strain effects that are discussed in terms of different electronic occupations through

d

x

2

−

y

2

and

d

3

z

2

−

r

2

orbitals.
A model liquid crystal cell in an RC circuit
Authors: Gartland Eugene C 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A nematic liquid-crystal cell subject to an electric field created by electrodes held at constant potential is modeled as a variable capacitor in an RC circuit. The state of the system is characterized in terms of the director field in the cell and the charge on the electrodes. A dynamical system is developed that couples director dynamics in the cell (with no fluid flow) and charge dynamics in the circuit. The dynamical equations are derived from expressions for the total potential energy of the system and a dissipation involving a single rotational viscosity for the director plus Joule heating associated with current in the circuit. An effort is made to quantify effects, in particular the widely differing time scales for the processes involved, and numerical illustrations are given. The exercise illuminates aspects of the modeling of equilibrium states of such a system.
A Katznelson-Tzafriri type theorem for difference equations and applications
Authors: Minh Nguyen , Matsunaga Hideaki , Huy Nguyen , Luong Vu Trong 
Published: June 2021

We consider a Katznelson-Tzafriri type theorem for linear difference equations of the form

x
(
n
+
1
)
=
T
x
(
n
)
+
y
(
n
)

(
∗
)

x(n+1)=Tx(n)+y(n)\ (*)

, where

T
T

is a bounded operator in a Banach space

X

\mathbb {X}

and

{
y
(
n
)

}

n
=
1

∞

\{y(n)\}_{n=1}^\infty

is a bounded sequence that is asymptotically constant, that is,

lim

n
→
∞

[
y
(
n
+
1
)
−
y
(
n
)
]
=
0

\lim _{n\to \infty } [y(n+1)-y(n)]=0

. A sequence

{
u
(
n
)

}

n
=
1

∞

\{u(n)\}_{n=1}^\infty

is said to be an asymptotic solution to

(
∗
)

(*)

if

u
(
n
+
1
)
=
T
u
(
n
)
+
y
(
n
)
+
ϵ
(
n
)

u(n+1)=Tu(n)+y(n)+\epsilon (n)

, where

lim

n
→
∞

ϵ
(
n
)
=
0

\lim _{n\to \infty }\epsilon (n)=0

. We show that if

1
1

is either not in

σ
(
T
)
∩
{
z
∈

C

:

|

z

|

=
1
}

\sigma (T)\cap \{z\in \mathbb {C}:\ |z|=1\}

, or is its isolated element, then if

(
∗
)

(*)

has a bounded asymptotic solution, it has an asymptotic solution that is asymptotically constant. Furthermore, if

σ
(
T
)
∩
{
z
∈

C

:

|

z

|

=
1
}
⊂
{
1
}

\sigma (T)\cap \{z\in \mathbb {C}:\ |z|=1\}\subset \{ 1\}

, then every asymptotic solution of

(
∗
)

(*)

is asymptotic constant. An application to the evolution periodic equations is given.
Experiences With Everyday and Major Forms of Racial/Ethnic Discrimination and Type 2 Diabetes Risk Among White, Black, and Hispanic/Latina Women: Findings From the Sister Study
Authors: Gaston Symielle A , Atere-Roberts Joëlle , Ward Julia , Slopen Natalie B , Forde Allana T , Sandler Dale P , Williams David R , Jackson Chandra L 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Racial/ethnic discrimination may contribute to the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but few studies have prospectively examined this relationship among racially/ethnically diverse populations. We analyzed prospective data from 33,833 eligible Sister Study participants enrolled from 2003 to 2009. In a follow-up questionnaire (2008–2012), participants reported their lifetime experiences of everyday and major forms of racial/ethnic discrimination. Self-reported physician diagnoses of T2DM were ascertained through September 2017. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models, overall and by race/ethnicity. Mean age at enrollment was 54.9 (standard deviation, 8.8) years; 90% of participants self-identified as non-Hispanic (NH) White, 7% as NH Black, and 3% as Hispanic/Latina. Over an average of 7 years of follow-up, there were 1,167 incident cases of T2DM. NH Black women most frequently reported everyday (75%) and major (51%) racial/ethnic discrimination (vs. 4% and 2% of NH White women, respectively, and 32% and 16% of Hispanic/Latina women, respectively). While everyday discrimination was not associated with T2DM risk, experiencing major discrimination was marginally associated with higher T2DM risk overall (hazard ratio = 1.26, 95% confidence interval: 0.99, 1.61) after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics and body mass index. Associations were similar across racial/ethnic groups; however, racial/ethnic discrimination was more frequently reported among racial/ethnic minority women. Antidiscrimination efforts may help mitigate racial/ethnic disparities in T2DM risk.