bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formal Security in the Works of Legal Scholars of Pre-Soviet Period
Authors: Silantyeva E. E. 
Published: November 2021

The article is focused on a retrospective analysis of developments in the field of scientific and theoretical ideas about the formal security in law, suggested by legal scholars in the XIX – early XX centuries. Thus, there was already a clear understanding at that stage that legal norms were designed to accurately record the rights, obligations, certain legal consequences, and the accuracy of legal norms determined their binding nature, the specifics of sanctions, etc. The works of experts in civil studies, encyclopedia and philosophy of law have been analyzed in this way, in particular D. Grimm, N. Gredeskul, J. Pokrovsky, P. Novgorodtsev, L. Petrazhytskyi, N. Korkunov, M. Oleksiiev, Ye. Trubetskyi, G. Shershnevych and others.
Despite the lack of the very concept of “formal security” in the pre-Soviet period, legal scholars have repeatedly studied various aspects of the specified issue, especially in the context of studying the features inherent in legal norms and comparing the mechanism of legal and moral norms. Thus, there was a clear understanding even at that stage that legal norms were designed to accurately record the rights, obligations, certain legal consequences, and the accuracy of legal norms determined their binding nature, the specifics of sanctions, etc.
At the same time, there were often assessments of formal security as a somewhat severe, purely external phenomenon, which implied a restriction of individual freedom and was mandatory. Undoubtedly, this attitude to the role of formal security distorted the mission of law in society and reduced its axiological potential as a mega-regulator of relations: the state – society – the individual. In turn, this explains the limitations and imperfection of the system of Russian imperial justice, unjustifiably widespread use of formal security in practical legal activities, although it was criticized by some scholars of the early XX century, who studied philosophical and legal issues.
Some Issues of Normative and Legal Regulation of Weapons in Ukraine
Authors: Buhaichuk K. L. 
Published: November 2021

The author of the article studies the current state of legal regulation of civilian firearms turnover in Ukraine. The content of the bills that had been submitted to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine at the end of 2020 was analyzed: «On the circulation of civil firearms and ammunition for them» (No. 4335), «On civilian weapons and ammunition» (No. 4335-1), «On the introduction amendments to the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses and the Criminal Code of Ukraine to implement the provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On the circulation of civil firearms and ammunition for them"» (No. 4336), «On Amending the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses and the Criminal Code of Ukraine to implement the provisions Of the Law of Ukraine "On civilian weapons and ammunition"» (No. 4336-1). The author has formulated his own scientific position in regard to granting citizens the right to carry and use short-barreled firearms.
The publication defines the directions for improving the draft laws under consideration in terms of: definitions of the terms of «sporting weapon», «thermal imaging sight», «signal weapon», «night vision sight», «training-split weapon - neutralized weapon», «right to carrying weapon», «right to own weapon»; introduction of the terms of «law enforcement agency», «intelligence agency», «law enforcement agency of special purpose», «state agency of special purpose with law enforcement functions» into the conceptual apparatus of the law, since some authors use them to define the regime of special circulation of civil firearms; establishment of restrictions on the number of civilian firearms and ammunition for them, which can be acquired by an individual; creating legislative prerequisites for the approval of a by-law, which will clearly provide the procedure for transferring seized weapons to the National Police for further storage; securing the obligation of security personnel to provide emergency medical care to persons to whom they use weapons; introduction of norms that will establish the obligation of applicants for the acquisition, possession and use of weapons to take the appropriate courses within first aid; preservation of the wording of the Articles 190-195 of the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses until the relevant law on the legal regime of sidearm is adopted.
General Characteristics of Administrative and Legal Means of Ensuring Road Traffic Safety in Ukraine
Authors: Sokurenko V. V. , Strizhak A. O. 
Published: November 2021

The problem of ensuring road traffic safety is becoming more and more acute and constantly requires measures to improve the systems of such safety. Technical progress, the emergence of a large number of vehicles increasingly leads to serious negative consequences. The complexity of the process of ensuring road traffic safety is that measures in this area should be carried out not only unilaterally by public administration agencies, but also by society in the whole.
The purpose of the research is to rethink outdated points of view on the nature and list of really effective means of ensuring road traffic safety in today’s world, as well as to develop the author’s understanding of the term of “administrative and legal means of road traffic safety”.
The conducted research allowed us to formulate the author’s vision of the concept of administrative and legal means of ensuring road traffic safety. It has been determined that modern technical progress requires updating the system of means of administrative and legal provision of road traffic safety. It has been also concluded that the present day requires the subjects of road traffic safety to create appropriate road conditions and to carry out systematic, complex, comprehensive educational work on the compliance with traffic rules.
The emphasis has been placed on the fact that activities on ensuring road traffic safety are not limited to the mechanisms that state authorities are authorized to carry out, but are of comprehensive nature. The compliance with the principles of comprehensiveness and systematization in ensuring road traffic safety are the main postulates in creating safe conditions for road traffic participants.
Some Peculiarities of the Tactics of Investigative (Search) Actions while Investigating Murders Committed in Relation to Domestic Violence
Authors: Shapoval K. A. 
Published: November 2021

Domestic violence is becoming more widespread every day, but few people consider it as a prerequisite for other criminal offenses, among which the most serious and inevitable is murder, i.e. the onset of person’s death. According to the analysis of investigative and judicial practice during the investigation of murders, investigators do not fully investigate the preconditions that contributed to the crime, family relationships, the psychological state of those involved in the murder, etc. Most homicides are investigated and prosecuted without any evidence of domestic violence. Therefore, there is a need to develop a methodology for investigating murders committed in connection with the use of domestic violence, which would contain practical recommendations for conducting certain investigative (search) actions during the investigation of this category of cases.
The author has determined the tactical features of conducting crime scene search and interrogation during the investigation of murders committed in connection with the use of domestic violence; has analyzed the scientific literature, investigative and judicial practice.
The author has provided some peculiarities of tactics of carrying out certain investigative (search) actions during the investigation of murders committed in connection with the use of domestic violence. The most common investigative (search) actions have been analyzed. They are crime scene search and interrogation. The tactical techniquess that should be used during the investigation of this category of criminal offenses have been identified, and some statistics on the places of murder and the condition of persons involved in this crime have been provided.
The Unemployed Main Character in the Fiction of Kunut Hamsun and Najeeb Mahfouz: A Comparative Study in the Light of Sustainable Development
Authors: Shehata Abdel kareem 
Published: November 2021

The Norwegian novelist Kunut Hamsun published his novel Hunger in 1921. The novel was translated into English by George Egerton. In this novel, Hamsun introduces the character of Andereas Tangen, a journalist who has a good life but starts to lose his living, and his essays begin to be refused. He becomes unemployed and suffers poverty, hunger, and homelessness for some time. By the end of the novel, he finds a job on a ship that is sailing from his town Christiania to fetch coal. During the 1930s the Egyptian novelist and short story writer Nageeb Mahfouz wrote his collection of short stories (Hams Eel- Gnoon) The Whisper of Madness. Among this collection, he published his short story (Al- Goo) The Hunger. In this short story, the main character, Ibrahim Hanafy has been working in a factory until he cuts his arm in an accident and loses his job. He becomes unemployed and he, with his family, suffers hunger and many social and psychological difficulties. He hates his life, tries to commit suicide but is saved coincidently by the son of the factory's owner. The man promises Ibrahim to find him a job. This paper aims to show that the unemployed main character in Hamsun's and Mahfouz's works is unable either to love a partner or to have a friend and if he is married, he is unable to keep his marriage relation. Another aim of the paper is to shed light on the negative relations of the unemployed character on one side with his god and with the government of his country on the other side. The third aim of the paper is to emphasize that unemployment, in Hamsun's and Mahfouz's works, leads the once good character to try to commit suicide. Thus the paper comes into three parts: the first part deals with Tangen’s failure to have a love relation or enjoy a friendship. This part also tackles Hanafy’s disability to protect his love for his wife. The second part introduces Tangen’s criticism of his god and of the government in his country. In the third part, the paper discusses the once good characters, becoming unemployed, thinking of death as a solution, and may try to commit suicide. The paper depends on the theory of needs' priority and the method of social and psychological analysis in tackling its topic.
PENERAPAN IOT PADA SISTEM KEAMANAN PINTU RUMAH DENGAN ESP8266 MENGGUNAKAN METODE LOGIKA FUZZY
Authors: Desliana Siregar Intan 
Published: November 2021

Pemilik rumah terkadang dapat lengah walaupun berada dirumah, berapa faktor seperti jauhnya akses pintu dengan tempat atau ruang beristirahat jadi pemilik rumah terkadang tidak mendengar suara derap langkah yang terlalu pelan sehingga tidak mengetahui keberadaan seseorang didekat pintu rumah, untuk mencegah tindakan kriminalitas yang mungkin terjadi pada pintu yang merupakan akses utama masuk kedalam ruangan diperlukan sebuah sistem keamanan yang dapat memberitahu pemilik rumah bahwa ada sesorang yang berada didekat pintu rumah,orang yang berada didekat pintu rumah kita bisa berniat baik seperti hanya bertamu atau mungkin anggota keluarga yang pulang maupun sebaliknya kita bisa mengantisipasinya terlebih dahulu. Sistem keamanan yang berbasis internet of thing yang akan mengirimkan pesan lewat telegram. Sistem pada alat ini terdiri dari Sensor Ultrasonik yang akan mendeteksi jarak objek seberapa dekat dengan pintu rumah , buzzer yang akan mengeluarkan bunyi saat sensor ultrasonik mendeteksi objek yang berada didekat pintu , ESP8266 digunakan sebagai modul yang akan menyambungkan perangkat kejaringan internet dan yang akan menjadi papan utama pada sistem keamanan. Dalam perancangan alat terdiri dari perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak. Perangkat keras terdiri Sensor Ultrasonik, Buzzer dan ESP8266. Sedangkan perangkat lunak digunakan aplikasi pemrogaman Arduino software. Hasil yang dicapai adalah sistem keamanan dapat memberitahu pemilik mengenai keberadaan seseorang yang dekat berada dengan pintu rumah sehingga pemilik dapat bersiaga dengan segala kemungkinan yang terjadi.
APLIKASI PEMBAYARAN REKENING AIR PADA UPTD SPAM DINAS PEKERJAAN UMUM DAN PENATAAN RUANG, PERUMAHAN DAN KAWASAN PERMUKIMAN KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN MERANTI
Authors: Muhardi Muhardi , Sabna Eka , Harianto Naibaho Benni 
Published: November 2021

UPTD SPAM adalah sebuah unit kerja di bawah naungan bidang Cipta karya di Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang, Perumahan dan Kawasan Permukiman Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti yang bergerak di bidang Pengadaan air bersih. UPTD SPAM ini masih melakukan pencatatan kwitansi pembayaran rekening dan pelaporan pemakaian air masih secara manual dalam buku besar, hal ini tentu tidak efektif dan efisien karena membutuhkan waktu yang lama jika pelanggan ingin membayar rekening pemakaian air setiap dan pelaporan pemakaian setiap bulannya. Untuk itu diterapkan sebuah aplikasi sebagai pengolahan data agar admin dapat melakukan pencatatan atau penginputan data terhadap seluruh data pelanggan UPTD SPAM, data input dan output pemakaian pelanggan yang digunakan dalam satu bulan serta laporan pemakaian pelanggan berdasarkan data yang telah di input ke dalam aplikasi.Aplikasi ini akan diimplementasikan dalam bentuk aplikasi berbasis website. Aplikasi pengolahan data ini menggunakan pemograman webPHP dan basis data MySQL sebagai penyimpanan data. Aplikasi ini adalah sebuah sistem yang akan menangani masalah penambahan lokasi daerah pelanggan, penambahan baru data pelanggan, pencatatan penggunaan pemakaian pelanggan setiap bulannya, serta pencatatan setiap pengaduan pelanggan yang mengalami masalah jaringan dan juga pelaporan bulanan pemakaian seluruh pelanggan.
Empowerment of Integrated Health Post Cadres through Fish Nugget Processing to Prevent Anemia in Pregnant Women
Authors: Azza Awatiful , Wardhana Danu Indra 
Published: November 2021

Fish is a source of nutrition that is cheap and easy to get, especially in Jember Regency. One of the health problems experienced by teenage girls and pregnant women is anemia. Anemia can be prevented by consuming adequate and diverse nutrients. However, the society at Darungan Dusun (Dusun is lower than the village in Indonesia's administrational hierarchy) did not know how to make exciting and not boring processed food. Fish nugget is creations from tuna or catfish to increase fish consumption coverage in society. This activity was carried out in the Integrated Health Post at Darungan Dusun Kemuning Lor Village, Jember Regency. There were fourteen of the integrated health post cadres and pregnant women who participated in this activity. Community service methods used demonstrations and counseling. The counseling and demonstration of fish nugget processing improve knowledge in Integrated Health Post cadres and pregnant women. Furthermore, it can prevent anemia in pregnant women. There should be support and participation from the local government for the sustainability of this activity.
A Multivariate Polynomial Regression to Reconstruct Ground Contact and Flight Times Based on a Sine Wave Model for Vertical Ground Reaction Force and Measured Effective Timings
Authors: Patoz Aurélien , Lussiana Thibault , Breine Bastiaan , Gindre Cyrille , Malatesta Davide 
Published: November 2021

Effective contact (tce) and flight (tfe) times, instead of ground contact (tc) and flight (tf) times, are usually collected outside the laboratory using inertial sensors. Unfortunately, tce and tfe cannot be related to tc and tf because the exact shape of vertical ground reaction force is unknown. However, using a sine wave approximation for vertical force, tce and tc as well as tfe and tf could be related. Indeed, under this approximation, a transcendental equation was obtained and solved numerically over a tce x tfe grid. Then, a multivariate polynomial regression was applied to the numerical outcome. In order to reach a root-mean-square error of 0.5 ms, the final model was given by an eighth-order polynomial. As a direct application, this model was applied to experimentally measured tce values. Then, reconstructed tc (using the model) was compared to corresponding experimental ground truth. A systematic bias of 35 ms was depicted, demonstrating that ground truth tc values were larger than reconstructed ones. Nonetheless, error in the reconstruction of tc from tce was coming from the sine wave approximation, while the polynomial regression did not introduce further error. The presented model could be added to algorithms within sports watches to provide robust estimations of tc and tf in real time, which would allow coaches and practitioners to better evaluate running performance and to prevent running-related injuries.
Engineering Sphingobium sp. to Accumulate Various Carotenoids Using Agro-Industrial Byproducts
Authors: Liu Mengmeng , Yang Yang , Li Li , Ma Yan , Huang Junchao , Ye Jingrun 
Published: November 2021

Carotenoids represent the most abundant lipid-soluble phytochemicals that have been shown to exhibit benefits for nutrition and health. The production of natural carotenoids is not yet cost effective to compete with chemically synthetic ones. Therefore, the demand for natural carotenoids and improved efficiency of carotenoid biosynthesis has driven the investigation of metabolic engineering of native carotenoid producers. In this study, a new Sphingobium sp. was isolated, and it was found that it could use a variety of agro-industrial byproducts like soybean meal, okara, and corn steep liquor to accumulate large amounts of nostoxanthin. Then we tailored it into three mutated strains that instead specifically accumulated ∼5 mg/g of CDW of phytoene, lycopene, and zeaxanthin due to the loss-of-function of the specific enzyme. A high-efficiency targeted engineering carotenoid synthesis platform was constructed in Escherichia coli for identifying the functional roles of candidate genes of carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in Sphingobium sp. To further prolong the metabolic pathway, we engineered the Sphingobium sp. to produce high-titer astaxanthin (10 mg/g of DCW) through balance in the key enzymes β-carotene ketolase (BKT) and β-carotene hydroxylase (CHY). Our study provided more biosynthesis components for bioengineering of carotenoids and highlights the potential of the industrially important bacterium for production of various natural carotenoids.
Ablation Patterns of the Debris Covered Tongue of Halong Glacier Revealed by Short Term Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveys
Authors: Guo Wanqin , Guo Xiaojun , Liu Yushuo , Li Jing , Shangguan Donghui , Chen Liqun , Ga Jin 
Published: November 2021

Debris-covered glaciers are an important glacier type and have attracted more and more attention. This study presents the results of ablation patterns of debris-covered tongue of the Halong Glacier in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, by using two repeated unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveys performed on August 11 and September 15, 2019. The results show that the tongue of Halong Glacier has experienced strong ablation during the surveyed period, with an overall ice loss amount to 4.17 × 105 metric tons. Among all the briefly classified surface types, supraglacial debris has the largest area (80.9%) and also mass losses (58.6%) comparing to others. However, ice cliffs show the strongest and the most significant ablation rates (averagely 1.36 and 1.22 m w.e. for supraglacial and lateral ice cliffs, respectively), followed by clean ice regions (1.01 m w.e.). The backwastes of ice cliffs also resulted in up to 7.8 m horizontal back-off at different parts of Halong Glacier, lead to fast terminal retreat and narrowing down of the glacier tongue, and may result in the break off of Halong Glacier tongue into separated parts in the future. The surface ablation rates show a clear negative exponential relationship with the measured debris thicknesses, well in accordance with previous studies. Regions in cutting and flushing by supraglacial and lateral rivers have the largest surface elevation decreases but are not significant due to their limited area and the relatively lower quality of UAV digital surface models (DSMs) in those covered regions.
Pegylated Interferon Treatment for the Effective Clearance of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen in Inactive HBsAg Carriers: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Song Aixin , Lin Xiao , Lu Junfeng , Ren Shan , Cao Zhenhuan , Zheng Sujun , Hu Zhongjie , Li Hong , Shen Chengli , Chen Xinyue 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundExpanding antiviral therapy to benefit more populations and optimizing treatment to improve prognoses are two main objectives in current guidelines on antiviral therapy. However, the guidelines do not recommend antiviral therapy for inactive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers (IHCs). Recent studies have shown that antiviral therapy is effective with good treatment outcomes in IHC populations. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of HBsAg clearance and conversion in IHCs.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science to retrieve articles on HBsAg clearance in IHCs published between January 2000 and August 2021. Data were collected and analysed using the random-effects model for meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 1029 IHCs from 11 studies were included in this analysis. The overall HBsAg clearance rate was 47% (95% confidence interval (CI): 31% - 64%), with a conversion rate of 26% (95% CI: 15% - 38%) after 48 weeks of Pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) treatment. In the control group (including nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) treatment or no treatment), the overall HBsAg clearance rate was only 1.54% (95% CI: 0.56% - 3.00%), which was markedly lower than that in the Peg-IFN group. Further analysis showed that a low baseline HBsAg level and long treatment duration contributed to a higher HBsAg clearance rate.ConclusionThis study showed that treatment of IHCs can be considered to achieve a clinical cure for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. After Peg-IFN treatment, the HBsAg clearance rate was 47%, and the conversion rate was 26%, which are markedly higher than those reported by previous studies on Peg-IFN treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). A low baseline HBsAg level and long treatment duration were associated with HBsAg clearance in IHCs. Therefore, antiviral therapy is applicable for IHCs, a population who may be clinically cured.Systematic Review Registrationhttp://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, CRD): CRD42021259889.