bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kumbang Palma Bertungkai Depan Panjang, Cyrtotrachelus sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Hama Baru pada Tanaman Kelapa di Indonesia
Authors: Hosang Meldy L.A. , Rahma NFN , Gosal Lidyana M. , Supit Marco M. , Saka Oskar 
Published: July 2021

<p>Kumbang <em>Cyrtotrachelus</em> sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) dikenal sebagai kumbang moncong rebung bambu (<em>bamboo shoot weevil</em>), kumbang moncong bamboo (<em>Bamboo weevil</em>atau <em>bamboo snout beetle</em>), kumbang moncong bambu raksasa(<em>Giant Bamboo Weevil</em>) atau kumbang palma bertungkai depan panjang (<em>Long Armed Palm Weevil</em>). Kumbang <em>Cyrtotrachelus</em> sp., pertama kali ditemukan merusak dan mematikan tanaman muda atau bibit kelapa yang berumur &gt; 1 tahun, dan kerusakannya mirip dengan kerusakan akibat hama <em>Rhynchophorus</em> spp. pada tanaman muda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kumbang yang merusak tanaman kelapa. Survei dilakukan pada lokasi pembibitan kelapa umur 1-3 tahun di Kebun Percobaan Mapanget, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Palma(Balit Palma) di Manado, Sulawesi Utara. Pengamatan lapangan meliputi gejala serangan, populasi larva, pupa dan imago, sedangkan pengamatan laboratorium difokuskan pada ciri morfologi imago. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kumbang yang merusak kelapa di Kebun Percobaan Mapanget, Balit Palma, di Sulawesi Utara adalah kumbang <em>Cyrtotrachelus</em> sp. Kumbang ini pertama kali ditemukan pada tahun 2018 sebagai hama pada tanaman kelapa. Dari 207 tanaman kelapa yang diobsevasi, ternyata 10,63% terserang atau mati akibat serangan <em>Cytrotrachelus</em> sp., hal ini sangatmerugikan bagi petani atau pengusaha kelapa karena hama ini merusak bagian pucuk sehingga tanaman mati. Berdasarkanhasil penelitian ini maka perlu dipelajari lebih lanjut bioekologi dan teknik pengendalian yang sesuai untuk hama <em>Cyrtotrachelus </em>sp.</p>
Dampak Ekspansi Kelapa Sawit terhadap Kinerja Perkebunan Kelapa di Indonesia
Authors: Sudjarmoko Bedy , Harianto NFN 
Published: July 2021

Perkembangan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang cepat dan dalam waktu yang relatif pendek diduga dapat menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan, salah satunya adalah konversi lahan perkebunan non-sawit menjadi perkebunan sawit. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2019, ditujukan untuk menganalisis pengaruh harga minyak sawit dan perkembangan luas area sawit terhadap kinerja perkebunan kelapa. Kinerja perkebunan kelapa diwakili oleh luas area tanaman kelapa dan tingkat produksi kelapa. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deret waktu dari tahun 1992 sampai tahun 2016. Model ekonometrik disajikan untuk menghubungkan kinerja perkebunan kelapa sawit dengan faktor yang memengaruhinya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekspansi luas area kelapa sawit tidak berpengaruh negatif terhadap kinerja perkebunan kelapa. Namun perkembangan harga sawit, meskipun secara statistik tidak signifikan, berpengaruh negatif terhadap kinerja perkebunan kelapa. Penurunan kinerja perkebunan kelapa terutama dipengaruhi oleh peningkatan upah perkebunan dan tingkat suku bunga. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disarankan bahwa pembangunan perkebunan kelapa dalam arti luas perlu memanfaatkan dengan baik momentum yang ditimbulkan oleh perkembangan perkebunan sawit.
GIBBERELLIC ACID PRIMING ENHANCES MAIZE SEED GERMINATION UNDER LOW WATER POTENTIAL
Authors: Gnawali Amit , Subedi Roshan 
Published: July 2021

<p class="abstrakinggris"><span lang="EN-US">Germination is a portentous yield determining factor that is a challenge in the low water potential environment due to disrupted imbibition. Hormonal seed priming can markedly increase the germination on maize even in such a stressful environment. Therefore, research was aimed to analyze the application of gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>) priming to maize seeds to minimize the deleterious effects of reduced water potential. GA<sub>3</sub> priming was done at 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 ppm for 12 hours and subjected to drought levels of 0, 0.15, 0.50, 1.05, and 1.75 MPa by using NaCl solution. Different germination parameters, i.e., germination percentage, mean germination time, germination index, relative water content, seedling vigor index, root length, and shoot length, were determined on the final day of the experiment. The results showed that all germination parameters were adversely influenced by low water potential. Every level of GA<sub>3</sub> priming has hastened all parameters. GA<sub>3</sub> priming at 100 ppm decreased the mean germination time by 35 hours under 1.75 MPa compared to non-primed seeds. GA<sub>3</sub> priming increased the shoot length of maize seedlings with a shoot length of 2.9 cm in non-primed seedlings compared to 6.4 cm in 200 ppm GA<sub>3</sub> priming under 1.05 MPa. GA<sub>3</sub> priming is the best method for the early establishment of maize seedlings in low water potential conditions. As a result, it may be utilized as a low-cost and straightforward approach for establishing maize crops under saline and drought conditions.</span></p>
Strategy to Improve Corn Production and Export in Lampung Province
Authors: Pujiharti Yulia , Arief Ratna Wylis 
Published: July 2021

<p>The population of Lampung continues to increase and the rapid development of the industry causes the need for maize in this area to continue to increase as well. This paper provides alternative steps to increase the production and export of maize in Lampung Province. Maize production can be increased by increasing the harvest area by expanding the planted area to suboptimal untapped land, such as in Mesuji, Pesisir Barat, and West Lampung districts. Another effort that can be made to increase maize production is to apply an intercropping pattern on the same land. Another strategy is to increase productivity by using hybrid maize such as varieties NK-22, P-21, and Bisi-2, providing manure, balanced fertilizers, integrated pest and disease management (IPM), and application of post-harvest technology. Efforts to increase harvested area and productivity need to be continued to increase corn production sustainably. The strategy to increase exports is to increase production and reduce the need for corn for feed and other uses (other than foodstuffs). In this case, the corn that will be used for feed and other uses can be replaced by sorghum.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Corn, production, export, strategy</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PRODUKSI DAN EKSPOR JAGUNG DI PROVINSI LAMPUNG</p><p>Jumlah penduduk Lampung yang terus meningkat dan perkembangan industri yang pesat menyebabkan kebutuhan jagung di daerah ini terus pula meningkat. Tulisan ini memberikan alternatif langkah-langkah peningkatan produksi dan ekspor jagung di Provinsi Lampung. Produksi jagung dapat ditingkatkan melalui penambahan luas panen dengan memperluas areal tanam ke lahan suboptimal yang belum dimanfaatkan, seperti di Kabupaten Mesuji, Pesisir Barat, dan Lampung Barat. Upaya lain yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produksi jagung adalah menerapkan pola tumpangsari pada lahan yang sama. Strategi lainnya yaitu meningkatkan produktivitas dengan penggunaan jagung hibrida seperti varietas NK-22, P-21, dan Bisi-2, pemberian pupuk kandang, pupuk berimbang, pengelolaan hama dan penyakit secara terpadu (PHT), dan penerapan teknologi pascapanen. Upaya peningkatan luas panen dan produktivitas perlu diteruskan agar produksi jagung meningkat secara berkelanjutan. Strategi peningkatan ekspor yaitu dengan meningkatkan produksi dan mengurangi kebutuhan jagung untuk pakan dan penggunaan lain (selain bahan makanan). Dalam hal ini, jagung yang akan digunakan untuk pakan dan penggunaan lain dapat digantikan oleh sorgum.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci:</strong> Jagung, produksi, ekspor, strategi</p>
A Systematic Review of Enteral Feeding By Nasogastric Tube in Young People With Eating Disorders
Authors: Hindley Kristen , Fenton Clare , McIntosh Jennifer 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAdolescents with severe restrictive eating disorders often require enteral feeding to provide lifesaving treatment. Nasogastric feeding (NG) is a method of enteral nutrition often used in inpatient settings to treat medical instability, to supplement poor oral intake or to increase nutritional intake. This systematic review sets out to describe current practice of NG in young people with eating disorders.MethodsA systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted by searching AMED, EMBASE and MEDLINE databases from 2000–2020. Inclusion terms were: enteral feeding by nasogastric tube, under 18 years, eating disorders, and primary research. Exclusion terms: psychiatric disorders other than eating disorders; non-primary research; no outcomes specific to NG feeding and participants over 18 years. Titles and abstracts were screened by all authors before reviewing full length articles. Quality assessment, including risk of bias, was conducted by all authors.Results29 studies met the full criteria. 86% of studies were deemed high or medium risk of bias due to the type of study: 34.4% retrospective cohort and 10.3% RCT; 17.2% were qualitative. Studies identified 1) a wide range of refeeding regimes depending on country, settings, and the reason for initiation; 2) standard practice is to introduce Nasogastric feeds (NG) if medically unstable or oral intake alone is inadequate; 3) NG may enable greater initial weight gain due to increased caloric intake; 4) there are 3 main types of feeding regime: continuous, nocturnal and bolus; 5) complications included nasal irritation, epistaxis, electrolyte disturbance, distress and tube removal; 6) where NG is routinely implemented to increase total calorie intake, length of stay in hospital may be reduced; however where NG is implemented in correlation to severity of symptoms, it may be increased; 7) both medical and psychiatric wards most commonly report using NG in addition to oral intake.ConclusionsNG feeding is a safe and efficacious method of increasing total calorie intake by either supplementing oral intake or continuously. There are currently no direct comparisons between continuous, nocturnal or bolus regimes, which may be used to direct future treatment for YP with ED.
Walking-adaptability therapy after stroke: results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Timmermans Celine , Roerdink Melvyn , Meskers Carel G.M. , Beek Peter J. , Janssen Thomas W.J. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe ability to adapt walking to environmental properties and hazards, a prerequisite for safe ambulation, is often impaired in persons after stroke. Research questionThe aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of two walking-adaptability interventions: treadmill-based C-Mill therapy (using gait-dependent augmented reality) and the overground FALLS program (using physical context). We hypothesized better outcomes for C-Mill therapy than the FALLS program due to its expected greater amount of walking practice. MethodsIn this randomized controlled trial, forty persons after stroke (≥3 months ago) with walking and/or balance deficits were randomly allocated to either 5 weeks of C-Mill therapy or the FALLS program. The primary outcome measure was the standard walking speed as determined with the 10 Meter Walking Test (10MWT). Additionally, context-specific walking speed was assessed in environments enriched with either stationary physical context (10MWT context) or suddenly appearing visual images (Interactive Walkway). The walking-adaptability scores of those enriched walking tests served as secondary outcome measures. Furthermore, a cognitive task was added to all three assessments to evaluate dual-task performance. Finally, the participants’ experience and amount of walking practice were scored.Results While both interventions did not show significant improvements in the standard walking speed, they did show significant improvements in context-specific walking speed, walking adaptability and cognitive dual-task performance. C-Mill therapy led to a greater improvement in context-specific walking speed with stationary physical context compared to the FALLS program; however, this improvement was no longer significant at retention. Both interventions were well received, but C-Mill therapy scored better on perceived increased fitness than the FALLS program. Moreover, C-Mill therapy resulted in twice as many steps per session of equal duration than the FALLS program.SignificanceBoth interventions led to long term context-specific improvements in walking speed, walking adaptability and dual-tasking.Trial registration: The Netherlands Trial Register (NTR4030). Registered 11-June 2013, https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/3842
Optimization and Effects of Machining Parameters on Delamination in Drilling of Pure and Al2O3 / SiO2 Added GFRP Composites
Authors: Ünüvar Ali , Koyunbakan Murat , Bağcı Mehmet 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The present study concentrates on optimization and the effect of machining parameters on delamination that occurs during drilling operation of pure glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites and added GFRP composites which were developed for resistance to erosion wear. Contribution of drilling parameters to delamination was investigated by using Taguchi method and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Relationship between machining parameters and delamination was modelled by using response surface methodology. Correlations were established between the machining parameters by quadratic regression using response surface methodology (RSM). Delamination factors in the hole entrance and exit were obtained in drilling of pure glass-fiber epoxy, SiO2 and Al2O3 added GFRP materials using the experimental plan. Delamination factors at the hole exits were found bigger than delamination factors at the hole entrances. The smallest delamination values were obtained in GFRP/Epoxy composite compared to Al2O3 / SiO2 added GFRP composites at the hole exit. In the investigation of machinability of composites, considering the material as a variable, it has been determined that the material has a greater effect on delamination than the cutting parameters. A new machinability index defined and the material having the best machinability of the three materials was Al2O3 added GFRP composite at the entrance. Good machinability was obtained in drilling of pure GFRP/epoxy composite at the hole exit. It has been found that the effect of feed rate on delamination is greater than the cutting speed and the cutting speed has a low effect. Optimization of the multi-objective function created for maximizing the material removal rate, minimizing the delamination was performed, and the optimum drilling parameters were obtained. As a result of the experimental study, it was found that the amount of delamination increased although the low mechanical properties added GFRP composites with the high resistance to erosion wear in accordance with pure epoxy GFRP composites due to the lack of a strong bond between the epoxy and the fibers in AL2O3 and SiO2. It was observed that the delamination amounts of pure epoxy GFRP, Al2O3 added GFRP, and SiO2 added GFRP composites increased respectively, while the compressive and tensile strengths of these three materials decreased.
Where is the missing felsic crust of Greater Indian continent?
Authors: Zhang Lifei , Wang Yang , Li Zhong-Hai 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
According to the plate tectonics theory, continental crust (CC), especially the felsic upper and middle continental crust (UCC and MCC), cannot subduct due to its buoyancy. Therefore, most, if not all, of the felsic crustal mass will be preserved in continental collision zones or eroded by the surface process. Consequently, the continent-continent convergence is generally slower and more short-lived than oceanic plate subduction. However, the long-duration, fast convergence, and imbalance of crustal mass in the India-Asia collisional system challenge the classical rules of plate tectonics. Systematic compilation and calculations indicate ~20-47% of the felsic crust in Greater India is missing during collision. Based on the phase equilibria modeling and density calculations, we explore the pressure-temperature-dependent density evolutions of UCC and MCC and demonstrate they are denser than the surrounding mantle at P >7-8 GPa when the phase transition from coesite to stishovite occurs. The phase equilibria induced density evolution is further integrated into the thermo-mechanical model, which confirm the deep subduction of Greater Indian continent with its felsic UCC and MCC. Analytical studies of the slab-pull forces in the subduction zone indicate the Greater Indian continent can subduct spontaneously under its own negative buoyancy when it is dragged to a depth of ~170 km by the preceding oceanic slab. The great slab-pull force, induced by the negative buoyancy of UCC and MCC below 170 km, not only contributes to the long-lasting fast convergence between India and Asia, but also explains the crustal mass imbalance during the Himalayan orogeny.
Negative assortative mating and maintenance of shell colour polymorphism in Littorina (Neritrema) species
Authors: Gefaell Juan , Galindo Juan , Malvido Christian , Nuñez Victor , Estévez Daniel , Blanco Sofía , González-Conde Miriam , Martínez-Domínguez Sergio , Novo Irene , Pérez-Fernández G. Gonzalo , Rus Ana , Mosconi Inés , Rolán-Alvarez Emilio 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Colour polymorphism is a widespread phenomenon in natural populations of several species. In particular, it is especially common on marine gastropod species from the genus Littorina. Recently, it has been argued that intrapopulation shell colour polymorphism in Littorina fabalis could be caused by negative frequency-dependent sexual selection via a mechanism of mate choice (indirectly estimated via negative assortative mating). Here we try to determine the existence of negative assortative mating in three species of the subgenus Neritrema (L. fabalis, L. obtusata, L. saxatilis) that share a similar shell colour polymorphism, in order to ascertain if this mechanism could represent an ancestral character in this subgenus that could be contributing to the maintenance of the colour polymorphism in each species. Here, we collected or reanalysed from previous studies a sample of mating pairs of the three species from seven locations from NW Spain and NE Russia and estimated assortative mating using the IPSI index. Our results show that all species and populations show a systematic tendency towards negative assortative mating when shell colour is grouped in the broad categories: ‘light’ and ‘dark’. Although, a more detailed analysis of each colour individually suggests that shell colour may not be the main target of assortative mating, but perhaps physically linked to another trait or through pleiotropic effects. This hypothesis opens interesting new lines of research in Littorina snails.
Flow Behavior and Microstructure Evolution of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy Produced by Selective Laser Melting Compared to Wrought
Authors: Salikhyanov Denis R , Veselova Valeriya E , Volkov Vladimir P 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, selective laser melting (SLM) represents an option for manufacturing parts from titanium alloys, especially from Ti-6Al-4V alloy. However, mechanical properties of parts made of Ti-6Al-4V such as ductility and fatigue resistance are significantly lower than that for conventional manufactured parts. One of the promising ways to improve mechanical properties of SLM parts can be the use of deformation post-processing, for example, combining SLM with subsequent die forging. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the rheological properties and microstructure evolution of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy fabricated by SLM under temperatures of cold and hot deformation. The tests of cylindrical samples made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy was performed using a plastometer in the temperature range of 20–1200 °C, at strain rate ξ of 1 s− 1 up to strain e of 0.85. To evaluate the effect of manufacturing method of samples on flow behaviour and microstructure evolution of the material, the samples made of Ti-6Al-4V alloy fabricated by conventional technology were tested under the same conditions. The differences in the flow behaviour of SLM and conventional manufactured samples from Ti-6Al-4V which were significant at test temperatures of 20–900 °С were analysed and explained. In contrast to conventional manufactured parts, SLM-produced Ti-6Al-4V reveal higher peak stresses in the flow curves and temperature sensitivity of flow stresses. This in turn leads to high inhomogeneity of deformation of SLM-produced parts.
QoTa-MPR: QoS-oriented and Traffic-aware Multi-path Routing Protocol for Internet of Remote Things
Authors: MA Zhongyu , Liu Yanxing , Guo Qun , Dang Xiaochao , Hao Zhanjun , Tian Ran 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Internet of Remote Things (IoRT) is widely used in both military and civilian applications. However, due to the unique characteristics, which is characterized as long-distance and high-latency, the design of the routing protocol is a great challenge of IoRT. In this paper, a QoS-oriented and traffic-aware multi-path routing protocol (QoTa-MRP) is proposed for IoRT. QoTa-MRP is composed of two parts. The first part is the link traffic-aware based multi-paths source route discovery mechanism, which is used to establish multi-paths with lower link disjoint degree. The second part is path similarity and traffic priority based multi-path selection mechanism, which is used to determine the transmission mode of the traffic flows to enhance the reliability or effectiveness of the transmission. Simultaneously, the protocol is theoretically analyzed in terms of the successful transmission rate of routing transmission data packet. Finally, the dynamic source routing, which is a very representative protocol and is usually used as the baseline comparison protocol, is revisited for the performance verification of the QoTa-MRP in IoRT. It is shown in the simulation results that there are significant superiorities of QoTa-MRP than that of DSR in terms of network throughput, packet loss rate and routing packet header overhead in IoRT.
Investigating green roofs’ CO2 sequestration with cold- and drought-tolerant plants (A short- and long-term carbon footprint view)
Authors: Seyedabadi Mohammad Reza , Karrabi Mohsen , Nabati Jafar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In recent years, green roofs have become the subject of increasing interest because of their good aesthetic qualities, energy conservation, and ability to reduce thermal island effect and absorb greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2). Given the typically significant carbon emission of construction activities, adding any extra component to a structure increases the amount of carbon to be released during the execution stage. This also applies to green roofs, which require more materials and more extensive construction activities than traditional roofs. However, plants of green roofs absorb substantial amounts of CO2 during their lifetime, thus leaving both short- and long-term positive impacts on the building’s carbon footprint. This study investigated the short- and long-term effects of green roofs on carbon footprint, as compared to conventional roofs. For this investigation, the CO2 uptake of eight plant species with suitable drought- and cold-resistant properties was measured by Infrared Gas Analysis (IRGA) and the effect of green roof on the building’s carbon footprint was analyzed using the software Design Builder. The results showed that building a green roof instead of a traditional roof increases the carbon emission of the construction process by 4.6 kilograms per square meter of roof area. Investigations showed that, under high light intensities (1500–2000 µmol/m2.s), Sedum acre L has the best performance in compensating the extra carbon emission imposed on the construction process (in 264 days only). Under low light intensities (1000–1500 µmol/m2.s), Frankenia laevis showed the best increase in the amount of carbon uptake (2.27 kg/m2.year).