bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-modal Landslide Monitoring Data Fusion Algorithm Based on Resistivity Imaging
Authors: Xu Haning , Deng Juzhi , Xu Xiaoqing , Zhang Jian , Li Gang , Liu Qi , Xiao Hui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In the process of landslide deformation monitoring, the indicators of monitoring system based on surface displacement cannot accurately reflect the deformation evolution law of deep geotechnical body. Although the joint time curve of deep displacement monitoring of borehole and related monitoring data can reflect the deformation characteristics inside the slope body, it cannot spatially describe and explain the overall deformation process of geotechnical body completely due to the limitation of technical conditions such as borehole. In this paper, using the characteristics of resistivity imaging technology with fast and accurate collection of electrical information of subsurface medium and multi-dimensional imaging, we take resistivity imaging data as complete modal data and fuse deep displacement and groundwater level and other modal data. Through joint depth matrix decomposition and optimization, layer-by-layer modal semantic matching and updating, the distribution and representation differences of modal data are compensated, and the analysis tasks such as classification and clustering of incomplete multimodal data are completed, and the inversion results of resistivity data are updated according to the output modal shared eigenvalues to realize effective multidimensional imaging monitoring of the internal deformation process of landslide geological bodies.
Detection and Classification of COVID-19 Using Machine Learning
Authors: Shahin Osama R. , Alshammari Hamoud H. , Taloba Ahmed I. , El-Aziz Rasha M. Abd 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
As people all over the world are vulnerable to be affected by the COVID-19 virus, the automatic detection of such a virus is an important concern. The paper aims to detect and classify coronavirus using machine learning. To spot and identify coronavirus in CT-Lung screening and Computer-Aided diagnosis (CAD) system is projected to distinguish and classifies the COVID-19. By utilizing the clinical specimens obtained from the corona-infected patients with the help of some machine learning techniques like Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, K-means clustering, and Radial Basis Function. While some specialists believe that the RT-PCR test is the best option for diagnosing Covid-19 patients, others believe that CT scans of the lungs can be more accurate in diagnosing coronavirus infection, as well as being less expensive than the PCR test. The clinical specimens include serum specimens, respiratory secretions, and whole blood specimens. Overall, 15 factors are measured from these specimens as the result of the previous clinical examinations. The proposed CAD system consists of four phases starting with the CT lungs screening collection, followed by a pre-processing stage to enhance the appearance of the ground glass opacities (GGOs) nodules as they originally lock hazy with fainting contrast. A modified K-means algorithm will be used to detect and segment these regions. Finally, we will use the detected, infected areas that obtained in the detection phase with a scale of 50x50 and we will crop the solid false positives that seem to be GGOs as inputs and targets for the machine learning classifiers, here we will use a support vector machine (SVM) and Radial basis function (RBF). Moreover, a GUI application is developed which avoids the confusion of the doctors for getting the exact results by giving the 15 input factors obtained from the clinical specimens.
Evaluating the Feasibility of the Community Score Card and Subsequent Contraceptive Behavior in Kisumu, Kenya
Authors: Onyango Dickens , Tumlinson Katherine , Chung Stephanie , Bullington Brooke , Gakii Catherine , Senderowicz Leigh 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Women seeking family planning services from public-sector facilities in low- and middle-income countries sometimes face provider-imposed barriers to care. Social accountability is an approach that could address provider-imposed barriers by empowering communities to hold their service providers to account for service quality. Yet little is known about the feasibility and potential impact of such efforts in the context of contraceptive care. We piloted a social accountability intervention - the Community Score Card (CSC) - in three public healthcare facilities in western Kenya and use a mix of quantitative and qualitative methodologies to describe the feasibility and impact on family planning service provision. Methods: We implemented and evaluated the CSC in a convenience sample of three public-sector facility-community dyads in Kisumu County, Kenya. Within each dyad, communities met to identify and prioritize needs, develop corresponding indicators, and used a score card to rate the quality of family planning service provision and monitor improvement. To ensure young, unmarried people had a voice in identifying the unique challenges they face, youth working groups (YWG) led all CSC activities. The feasibility and impact of CSC activities were evaluated using mystery client visits, unannounced visits, focus group discussions with YWG members and providers, repeated assessment of score card indicators, and service delivery statistics. Results: The involvement of community health volunteers and supportive community members – as well as the willingness of some providers to consider changes to their own behaviors - were key score card facilitators. Conversely, community bias against family planning was a barrier to wider participation in score card activities and the intractability of some provider behaviors led to only small shifts in quality improvement. Service statistics did not reveal an increase in the percent of women receiving family planning services. Conclusion: Successful and impactful implementation of the CSC in the Kenyan context requires intensive community and provider sensitization, and pandemic conditions may have muted the impact on contraceptive uptake in this small pilot effort. Further investigation is needed to understand whether the CSC – or other social accountability efforts – can result in improved contraceptive access.
Exercise prescription for non-communicable diseases: Knowledge and practice among healthcare providers
Authors: Endalew Dessalew , Teferi Getu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Exercise prescription (EP) use as medicine is an effective. It is the cornerstone to prevent and manage NCDs. The main aim of the study was to investigate the knowledge and confidence, practice of HCPs towards NCDs pertaining to EP in West Gojjam Zone hospitals, Amhara region, Ethiopia.Methods: The target population was 487 HCPs (medical doctors, nurses and midwiferies).Cross sectional research design was carried out in hospital setting from HCPs to collect data, Self-administered questionnaires were used from 7 governmental hospitals and 353 HCPs (Medical doctors=107, 30.3%, Nurses=157, 44.5% and Midwiferies=89, 25.2%) was selected through whole, strata and random sampling methods. The data was collected and analyzed from March, 2021- June, 2012. It was analyzed through descriptive (mean, frequency, percentage, cross tabulation and standard deviation) and inferential statics(chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis test of analysis, Mann-Whitney U test to examine difference and spearman’s rank to examine correlation). All assumptions for conducting non-parametric tests were used before decided to use the type of statistical data.Results: The HCPs reported that; majority of 80.6% respondents had poor EPP regarding to written prescription for their patients. 62.5% of HCPs were agreed they had not knowledge on WHO and ACSM recommendations to prescribe exercise for NCD patents. Male HCPs were had better exercise prescription practice ( x2 = 228.756, df = 15, p =0.000 ). HCPs knowledge and confidence was had a significance difference regarding to profession (Medical doctors: Mean rank =198.71, Nurses: Mean rank =171.96 and Midwifery: Mean rank =159.78, x2 = 7.773, df = 2, p =0.021). Exercise prescription practice (EPP) was significantly and positively correlated with Knowledge and Confidence (rho=0.292, p= 0.000). EPP was had a positive and significant correlation with all main variables of the study.Conclusion: Exercise prescriptions practice, knowledge and confidence of majority of HCPs regarding to prescribe exercise for NCDs were poor. The HCPs educational curriculums should include sufficiently about physical exercise as a strategy how to prevent and manage NCDs. Exercise is medicine Ethiopia (EIME) initiative should established and Exercise Prescription (EP) also established in organizational structure as a unit in healthcare setting. There should be a standardized recommendation guidelines, prepared at a national level to prescribe exercise used as a bench mark for healthcare providers for every healthcare settings. There will be also design a continuous training program for HCPs to be a role model or how to prescribe physical activity or exercise to prevent and manage NCD from their patients.
Inequality in energy transitions: Subnational air pollution disparities resulting from national decarbonization strategies
Authors: Goforth Teagan , Nock Destenie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Energy transitions and decarbonization require rapid changes to a nation’s generation mix. There are a host of possible decarbonization pathways, yet there is vast uncertainty about how different decarbonization pathways will advance or derail the nation’s energy equality goals. We present a framework for investigating how decarbonization pathways, driven by a least cost paradigm, will lead to air pollution inequality across different vulnerabilities (e.g., low-income, energy poverty). If an equitable energy transition is the goal (i.e., one that reaches total equality), using least cost optimization capacity expansion models without strict renewable energy technology mandates will not accomplish this. Thus, it is imperative that decisions regarding national regarding national decarbonization pathways have strict mandates for equality outcomes or be driven by an equality focused paradigm.
SEEDING to enable sensitive electrochemical detection of biomarkers in undiluted biological samples
Authors: Río Jonathan Sabaté del , Woo Hyun-Kyung , Park Juhee , Ha Hong Koo , Kim Jae-Ryong , Cho Yoon-Kyoung 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The interface between an electrode and a liquid plays a critical role in the overall performance of electrochemical biosensors. Surface morphology and roughness affect key parameters, such as the active area, diffusion profiles, and apparent electron transfer kinetics, whereas porosity may hinder the diffusion of fouling proteins. However, there is no simple and rapid method compatible with photolithographic electrodes to generate both nanostructured and porous surfaces. Herein, we demonstrate the interplay between the preferential etching of chloride and surfactant-assisted anisotropic gold reduction to create homogeneous, nanostructured, and nanoporous substrates on photolithographic gold electrodes within a minute and without using templates. We coined this process, SEEDING, that is, Surfactant-based Electrochemical Etch-Deposit Interplay for Nanostructure/Nanopore Growth. SEEDING on electrodes enhanced the sensitivity and anti-biofouling capabilities, enabling direct analysis of small molecules, proteins, and cancer-derived extracellular vesicles in complex biological fluids such as undiluted plasma and urine samples.
Relationship and Clinical Significance of ALDH1A1 and CD133 Cancer Stem Cell Markers and Mutant p53 in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yamashita Naoki , So Tetsuya , Miyata Takeaki , Yoshimatsu Takashi , Nakano Ryuji , Oyama Tsunehiro , Matsunaga Wataru , Gotoh Akinobu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are major contributors to the malignant transformation of cells because of their capacity for self-renewal. Although several CSC markers have been identified in various tumor types, they are primarily used as cancer-prediction markers and for the isolation of CSC populations. Aldehyde dehydrogenase1A1 (ALDH1A1) and CD133 are promising candidate of CSC markers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Furthermore, TP53 is frequently mutated in lung cancer, and the loss of its function is associated with malignant characteristics. However, the relationship between CSCs and mutant p53 in lung adenocarcinoma is not well-established. We examined the expression of ALDH1A1, CD133, and mutant p53 in lung adenocarcinoma patients and conducted a clinicopathological study.
Methods

The subjects of the study were 194 patients who underwent surgery for lung adenocarcinoma. ALDH1A1, CD133, and mutant p53 were immunohistochemically stained in resected specimens from these patients.
Results

Triple-negative cases without ALDH1A1, CD133, and mutant p53 expression in lung adenocarcinoma were shown to have a much better prognosis than others.
Conclusions

Our present results suggest that detection of CSC markers and mutant p53 by immunohistochemical staining may be effective in therapeutic strategies for lung adenocarcinoma.
Transition from a Mixotroph/Heterotroph Protist Community During the Dark Winter to a Photoautotrophic Spring Community in Arctic Surface Waters
Authors: Bruhn Claudia Sabine , Lundholm Nina , Hansen Per Juel , Wohlrab Sylke , John Uwe 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Unicellular plankton communities (protists) are the basis of the marine food web. The spring bloom is especially important, because of its high biomass. However, it is poorly described how the protist community structure in Arctic surface waters develops from winter to spring. We show that mixotrophy and parasitism are the prominent trophic modes in the dark winter period. The transition period was characterized by a high relative abundance of mixotrophic dinoflagellates, while centric diatoms and the haptophyte Phaeocystis pouchetii dominated the successive phototrophic spring bloom event. Our observations indicate the presence of a characteristic winter community and a community shift from winter to spring, and not just a dormant spring community waiting for better circumstances. The spring bloom initiation commenced while sea ice was still obstructing the light penetration into the water column. The initiation coincided with a change in day length and spectral composition of the light, rather than with an increased light intensity. The initial increase in fluorescence, and therefore photosynthetic activity, was detected relatively deep in the water column, at ~55 m depth. This suggests that water column stratification and a complex interplay of abiotic factors eventually promote the spring bloom initiation.
The Structural Relationship Among Perceived Positive and Negative Parenting Attitude, Life Skills, and Transfer of Chinese Student-Athletes
Authors: Wang Qi Yi , Lim Taehee , Bae Junsu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A parenting attitude is regarded as a very important factor influencing the positive development of student-athletes. However, there are far fewer studies on parenting attitude in sport PYD area. This study aimed to understand the relationship among the positive/negative parenting attitudes, life skills, and transfer. Participants were 257 Chinese student-athletes (male=171, female=86, Mage=15.70) in track and field, basketball, soccer, and taekwondo. Date were analyzed by using descriptive statistic, correlation, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). SEM analysis showed that parenting attitude was significantly related to life skills development and transfer. A positive parenting attitude had a positive effect on life skills and transfer, while a negative parenting attitude had a negative effect. Furthermore, positive and negative parenting attitudes indirectly affected life skills transfer by mediating life skills development. The findings of this study show that the role of parents determines the possibility of life skills development and transfer of Chinese student-athletes.
Interplay of Microstructural Parameters On β-Phase Distribution in Al 5xxx Alloys
Authors: Choundraj Jahnavi Desai , Kacher Josh 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Al-Mg alloys undergo sensitization when exposed to elevated temperatures, making them susceptible to intergranular corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. Most of the existing research on microstructure effects on sensitization is centered on the effect of intrinsic grain boundary characteristics such as misorientation angle and coincident site lattice (CSL) values. Very few studies have systematically investigated the influence of extrinsic characteristics such as dislocation density. In this paper, the influence of local microstructure characteristics on the sensitization susceptibility of AA5456 was investigated using in situ optical microscopy corrosion experiments and electron back scattering diffraction (EBSD) analysis. The results show a clear trend between the local geometrically necessary dislocation (GND) density and β phase precipitation, with higher GND densities correlating with higher rates sensitized boundaries. This trend held true even for low angle grain boundaries. These results demonstrate the importance of considering factors beyond grain boundary characteristics in determining susceptibility to sensitization.
Towards Optimal Thermal Distribution in Magnetic Hyperthermia
Authors: Rytov R. A. , Bautin V. A. , Usov N. A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A linear combination of spherically symmetric heat sources is shown to provide optimal stationary thermal distribution in magnetic hyperthermia. Furthermore, such spatial location of heat sources produces suitable temperature distribution in biological medium even for assemblies of magnetic nanoparticles with a moderate value of specific absorption rate (SAR), of the order of 100 - 150 W/g. We also demonstrate the advantage of using assemblies of magnetic nanocapsules consisting of metallic iron nanoparticles covered with non magnetic shells of sufficient thickness in magnetic hyperthermia. Based on numerical simulation we optimize the size and geometric structure of biocompatible capsules in order to minimize the influence of strong magneto-dipole interaction between closely spaced nanoparticles. It is shown that assembly of capsules can provide sufficiently high SAR values of the order of 250 - 400 W/g at moderate amplitudes H0·= 50 - 100 Oe and frequencies f = 100 - 200 kHz of alternating magnetic field, being appropriate for application in clinics.
An Assessment of Irrigated Rice Cultivation With Different Crop Establishment Practices in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Van Hung , Stuart Alex , Nguyen Thi My Phung , Pham Thi Minh Hieu , Nguyen Ngoc Phuong Thanh , Pame Anny Ruth , Sander Bjoern Ole , Gummert Martin , Singleton Grant Robert 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Overuse of seed and chemical inputs is a major constraint for sustainable rice production in Vietnam. In this study, two seasons of field trials were conducted to compare different crop establishment practices for rice production in the Mekong River Delta using environmental and economic sustainability performance indicators. The indicators including energy efficiency, agronomic use efficiency, net income, and greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs) were quantified based on four treatments including manual broadcast-seeding, blower seeding, drum seeding, and mechanized transplanting. Across the four treatments, yields ranged from 7.3–7.5 Mg ha−1 and 6.2–6.8 Mg ha−1 in the Winter-Spring (WS) and Summer-Autumn (SA) seasons, respectively. In comparison with direct seeding methods, mechanized transplanting decreased the seed rate by 40%. It also led to a 30–40% reduction in pesticide use during the main crop season (WS). Mechanized transplanting required higher inputs, including machine depreciation and fuel consumption, but its net energy balance, net income and GHGE were at a similar level as the other non-mechanized planting practices. Mechanized transplanting is a technology package that should be promoted to improve the economic and environmental sustainability of lowland rice cultivation in the Mekong River Delta of Vietnam.
Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance of Short-Form Life Attitude Inventory for Hospital Staff
Authors: Chou Kang-Ju , Cheng Ying-Yao , Fang Hua-Chang , Wu Fu-Zong , Lin Pei-Chin , Tsai Chun-Teng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The life attitude of health care workers can deeply influence the quality of care. Examining the performance of the Short-Form Life Attitude Inventory (SF-LAI), this study analyzes the factorial structure, reliability, and invariance of the revised SF-LAI across genders and professions among the staff of a teaching medical center.Methods: The SF-LAI was developed for university students in Taiwan. From January to February 2019, we administered a cross-sectional survey of life attitudes by distributing the SF-LAI to all staff members of a medical center in Taiwan. The construct validity was evaluated using a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Model fit was assessed in terms of the comparative fit index (CFI), Tucker–Lewis index (TFI), standardized root mean square residual (SRMR), and root mean square of error of approximation (RMSEA). Internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha. We also performed the CFA invariance analysis for the SF-LAI-R across genders and professions (physician, nurse and other hospital staff). Results: Of 884 (24.62%) responses, 835 were valid. The participants had a mean age of 47.8 years, and 20.12% were male. In a comparison of multiple CFAs, a second-order model with six factors outperformed other models. The goodness of fit indices revealed the CFI was 0.955, TFI was 0.952, RMSEA was 0.071, and SRMR was 0.038. The Cronbach’s alphas for composite reliability and internal consistency were all greater than 0.8. The first and second-order model had metric and scalar invariance across genders and professions.Conclusions: As health care demands evolve, humanities are becoming more important in medical education. Life attitude of hospital care worker is a crucial indicator of whether one embodies the ideals of a humanistic education. The revised SF-LAI has acceptable structural validity, internal consistency, and invariance across genders and professions among staff members of a teaching medical center.