bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specialty Care Oases: Utilizing Geographic Information Systems to Evaluate Specialty Care Access for Individuals With Down Syndrome
Authors: Jensen Kayla , Llamas Paul , Howard Jace , Berger Heidi , Skotko Brian G. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDown syndrome is a chromosomal condition occurring in about 220,000 individuals in the United States. Previous research showed almost 1 in 5 individuals with Down syndrome in the U.S. face significant geographic obstacles to receiving specialty care. The purpose of this study was to extend this work and learn more about socioeconomic barriers to Down syndrome specialty clinics. We quantified the percentage of the general population in each U.S. state living within a 2‐hour drive of a Down syndrome specialty care clinic. We created a Down Syndrome Specialty Care Access Score to quantify access to these clinics utilizing clinical and socioeconomic variables. Nationally, between 56% and 65% of the general population lives within 2 hours of a Down syndrome specialty care clinic. If patients are not allowed to cross state lines to receive medical care, residents in 15 states and the District of Columbia do not have any access to a Down syndrome specialty care clinic. Access is significantly correlated with higher household income and lower rurality scores. The majority of patients with Down syndrome in the United States do not have access to Down syndrome specialty clinics. Innovative usage of technology might be useful in minimizing these disparities in healthcare accessibility.
Long‐term Outcomes of PRP Injections for Post‐viral Olfactory Loss: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Fieux Maxime , Castro Bruna R. , Jang Sophie S. , Yan Carol H. , Patel Zara M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPlatelet‐rich plasma (PRP) injections have previously been shown to benefit coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)‐induced smell loss. It is unknown if that benefit is stable over time. The aim of this study was to assess outcomes at 1‐year post‐intervention.MethodsProspective cohort study. Sixteen patients (10 PRP and six placebo) from the original PRP randomized placebo‐controlled clinical trial, and a further 16 patients from smell clinic who were a year out from initial treatment (six PRP patients and 10 non‐PRP) were enrolled. University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Tests (UPSITs) and visual analog scale (VAS) subjective scores were compared to initial scores.ResultsThere was no difference between groups with respect to age, gender, race, duration of smell loss prior to intervention, smoking or diabetes status, Charlson comorbidity index, presence of phantosmia or parosmia, or baseline UPSIT score. The PRP group had a significantly higher change in UPSIT score at 1 year (p = 0.001), a higher number of patients who met the minimal clinically important difference for the UPSIT (87.5% vs. 31.2%, p = 0.004), and a significantly greater change in VAS at 1 year (p = 0.001), compared to those who did not receive injections. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, no factors appeared to have a significant effect on these findings.ConclusionPRP injections into the olfactory cleft now have long‐term data suggesting benefit in both subjective and psychophysical measures of smell, and improvements in both realms at 1 year are significantly higher than in those who do not receive the injections.
Enhancing battery longevity by regulating the solvation chemistry of organic iodide
Authors: Shang Wenshuo , Chen Qianwu , Chen Song , Zhang Jintao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFor rechargeable zinc‐iodine batteries, the low electrical conductivity of iodine and the easy dissolution of polyiodide in the electrolyte need to be carefully managed to ensure efficient operation. Herein, we introduce an organic iodized salt, formamidinium iodide (CH5N2I), to modulate the solvation structure of iodide ion, aimed to improve the reaction kinetics of iodine for reversible redox conversion. The participation of formamidinium ion (FA+) into solvation structure leads to the formation of the favorable FAIZn(H2O)42+ complex, facilitating easier desolvation for redox conversion with iodine. Consequently, the inhibited formation of soluble polyiodide efficiently suppresses self‐discharging and improves reversible redox conversion. Specifically, the fabricated battery demonstrates extraordinary cycling stability, with 90.1 % capacity retention after 10,000 cycles and high coulombic efficiency of 99.6 %. These results provide inspiring principles to develop organohalide materials for high‐performance rechargeable batteries through the solvation modification and interface regulation strategies.
Classifying Hypoxia in Breast Cancer Xenografts Using a Single‐Cell Mass Spectrometry Imaging Model
Authors: Claes Britt S. R. , Biemans Rianne , Lieuwes Natasja , Theunissen Lynn , Glunde Kristine , Dubois Ludwig , Heeren Ron M. A. , Cuypers Eva 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHypoxia is a common feature in solid tumors that arises when there is insufficient oxygen available. This lack of oxygen causes molecular adaptations required for the tumor cells to survive. Additionally, oxygen‐deprived cancer cells tend to become less responsive to conventional cancer therapies. Hence, hypoxia plays an important role in contributing to tumor aggressiveness and therapy resistance. Hypoxia‐related markers are gaining interest as prognostic and predictive markers for tumor response and treatment strategies. However, the detection of hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment without employing any labeling strategies poses significant challenges. Here, we present a classification model based on lipidomic single‐cell mass spectrometry imaging data to classify hypoxia in breast cancer xenografts. Our approach is based on a classification model built from the lipid profiles of single breast cancer cells cultured under various oxygen conditions. Lipidomic alterations caused by differences in available oxygen concentrations were subsequently used to classify and spatially determine hypoxic regions in breast cancer xenografts without the need for any labeling. This approach, using cells as hypoxia markers, contributes to a better understanding of tumor biology and provides a foundation for improving diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for cancer treatments.
Preparation and Property Study of Polyvinyl Alcohol–Based Hydrogels Loaded With Traditional Chinese Medicine for Textile Applications
Authors: Feng Mengyuan , Jiang Yaming , Li Zheng 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study addresses the limitations of drug‐carrying gels regarding mechanical properties, process complexity, and slow‐release control by developing a green, nonpolluting, high‐toughness hydrogel for traditional Chinese medicine that exhibits excellent slow‐release properties. PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) hydrogels, along with various ratios of PVA/HACC (hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan) hydrogels and PVA/HACC/CNW (cellulose nanowhisker) hydrogels, were prepared using a cyclic freeze–thaw method. The results indicated that the maximum tensile strength of the composite hydrogel reached 0.845 MPa, and its toughness was measured at 113.38 MJ/m3, demonstrating superior mechanical properties. Berberine hydrochloride (BBR), selected for its low toxicity and excellent antibacterial and antioxidant properties, served as the model drug. The drug‐loaded composite hydrogels exhibited a highly porous structure, where the increased HACC content led to larger pore sizes and enhanced drug release rates. Overall, the findings suggest that these drug‐carrying gels possess favorable mechanical properties and exceptional drug release capabilities, indicating their significant potential for drug delivery applications.
C(sp3)−H Bond Functionalization of 8‐Methylquinolines
Authors: Parmar Diksha , Kumar Rohit , Sharma Upendra 
Published: December 2024

AbstractQuinolines have emerged as essential components in various medicinal agents, playing a key role in treating various ailments. Numerous drugs with a quinoline core have been recognized for their antimalarial, antibacterial, and anticancer activities and have been successfully commercialized, including chloroquine, ciprofloxacin, topotecan, etc. Over the past two decades, a tremendous expansion in the C−H bond functionalization of quinoline scaffolds to widen this chemical space for drug discovery have been witnessed. This review article summarizes the efforts toward C(sp3)−H functionalization of 8‐methylquinolines for C(sp3)−C/X bond formation under metal and metal‐free strategies. Each section briefly overviews the C(sp3)−H functionalization of 8‐methylquinoline, highlighting the metal and metal‐free approaches.
The Impact of Firm‐Level Political Risk on Eco‐Innovation: The Moderating Effect of CEO Power
Authors: Owolabi Ayotola , Mousavi Mohammad Mahdi , Gozgor Giray , Li Jing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examines the impact of firm‐level political risk on eco‐innovation at the firm level, particularly emphasizing the moderating role of CEO power in this relationship. Using a dataset from 33 countries from 2006 to 2022, we employ two‐step dynamic panel data estimations to address endogeneity concerns. The findings highlight a positive impact of political risk on eco‐innovation, which is further strengthened in the presence of a powerful CEO. This evidence implies that effective leadership from CEOs can assist firms in navigating political risks and advancing sustainable initiatives. The results remain robust across various specifications, including alternative measurements for firm‐level political risk. The study highlights the crucial role of CEOs in managing political risks and facilitating eco‐innovative practices within firms.
The Multi‐Kinase Inhibitor GZD824 (Olverembatinib) Shows Pre‐Clinical Efficacy in Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Liu Dongli , Glubb Dylan , O'Mara Tracy , Ford Caroline E. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveEndometrial cancer is one of the few cancers for which mortality is still increasing. A lack of treatment options remains a major challenge, particularly for some subtypes of the disease. GZD824, also known as olverembatinib, is a multi‐kinase inhibitor previously investigated in clinical trials for chronic myeloid leukaemia and Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukaemia as a BCR‐ABL inhibitor. This study aimed to investigate the pre‐clinical efficacy of GZD824 for the treatment of EC.MethodsHere, we undertook pre‐clinical evaluation of GZD824 in seven endometrial cancer cell lines (HEC‐1‐A, HEC‐1‐B, MFE296, RL95‐2, Ishikawa, KLE and ARK‐1), one normal immortalised endometrium derived cell line (E6E7hTERT) and primary mesothelial and fibroblast cells isolated from normal omentum samples.ResultsGZD824 inhibited the proliferation of all endometrial cancer cell lines, which were significantly more sensitive to GZD824 compared to normal cells (p = 0.030). GZD824 significantly inhibited migration in Ishikawa (endometrioid) and ARK1 (serous) endometrial cancer cell lines and significantly inhibited invasion in the ARK1 cells. Whole transcriptome regulation following two doses (0.1 and 1 μM) of GZD824 in Ishikawa and ARK1 cells was investigated via RNA‐seq, and key components of enriched pathways were investigated at the translational level. Key pathways altered included ROR1/Wnt, GCN2‐ATF4, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and PI3K‐AKT.ConclusionTogether, these studies support further investigation of GZD824 as a potential therapeutic agent in endometrial cancer, potentially in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Guiding Sole Intraoperative Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer According to ASTRO Guidelines: Mitigating Adverse Outcomes in a Taiwan Single‐Center
Authors: Yang Hsin‐Yi , Tsang Yuk‐Wah , Tu Chi‐Wen , Hsu Yu‐Chen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIntraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) is considered a de‐escalating adjuvant treatment for breast cancer low‐risk patients. However, the broader criteria applied by the Taiwan IORT Study Cooperative Group led to an increased rate of locoregional recurrence (LRR) among patients receiving only IORT. Consequently, we revised the criteria for sole IORT treatment to include patients who meet the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) eligibility standards. This study aims to investigate how aligning treatment strategies with ASTRO guidelines impacts oncological outcomes in patients receiving IORT.MethodsFrom September 2014 to March 2022, a retrospective review of 632 patients with invasive breast cancer undergoing breast‐conserving surgery assessed outcomes following External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT), sole IORT, or IORT combined with supplemental EBRT (IORT+boost), with a mean follow‐up period of 4.71 ± 2.10 years. Strategic modifications following the ASTRO guidelines were implemented in April 2021 for sole IORT recipients.ResultsASTRO‐suitable patients had significantly lower rates of LRR (0.00% vs. 10.64%), distant metastasis (0.00% vs. 4.00%), and any recurrence (0.00% vs. 7.79%) than non‐suitable patients (p < 0.05). After adjusting for confounders, the overall and non‐suitable patients in the IORT group both exhibited significantly higher hazard ratios for LRR than those in the EBRT group, with values of 5.79 (95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.75–19.18) and 5.48 (95% CI = 1.66–18.02), respectively.ConclusionsAligning treatment criteria with ASTRO guidelines for sole IORT significantly reduces locoregional recurrence rates in patients with invasive breast cancer, highlighting the efficacy of these strategic modifications in improving oncological outcomes.
The 340B Drug Pricing Program and Management of Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: Faraj Kassem S. , Kaufman Samuel R. , Oerline Mary , Dall Christopher , Srivastava Arnav , Caram Megan E. V. , Shahinian Vahakn B. , Hollenbeck Brent K. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionOral targeted therapies are a standard of care for men with advanced prostate cancer. However, these therapies are expensive, which may be a barrier to some, particularly the most economically disadvantaged. Through investment in programs to assist this population, savings generated from the 340B program have the potential to mitigate barriers to initiating treatment with targeted therapies in these men.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study using a 20% national sample of fee‐for‐service Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with advanced prostate cancer between 2012 and 2019. The outcome was the patient‐level use of a targeted therapy for the first time. This study had two exposures. The first was 340B penetration, representing the percentage of all outpatient hospital revenue in a hospital referral region generated by a 340B hospital. The second was the degree of socioeconomic disadvantage, as measured by the social vulnerability index (SVI). Two separate Cox models were fit to measure relationships between each exposure and use of a targeted therapy. A third model was fitted to assess whether differences in utilization by SVI were mitigated by increasing 340B penetration.ResultsThe use of a targeted therapy did not vary with 340B penetration (adjusted HR 1.1, 95% CI 0.96–1.2) for high versus low penetration. Conversely, socioeconomically disadvantaged men were less likely to initiate treatment. Those residing in the third SVI tertile (i.e., most vulnerable) were less likely to start on a targeted therapy compared to men in the first tertile (adjusted HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.78–0.92). However, increasing 340B penetration did not attenuate these differences (Wald test for the interaction term p = 0.10).ConclusionsThere was no association between a region's 340B penetration and use of a targeted therapy. Furthermore, although the use of a targeted therapy decreased with increased SVI, the 340B penetration of a region did not reduce this gap.
The Advancement of Peptides Derived From Kitasatospora
Authors: Haedar Jabal Rahmat , Khan Abujunaid Habib , Zīle Anitra , Phan Chin‐Soon 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTKitasatospora continue to be a rich source of chemically diverse and bioactive peptide natural products. This review highlights two strategies in peptide natural products research of Kitasatospora: (1) a natural products–first approach guided by a major compound, biological activity, or genomic analysis, and (2) an enzyme‐first approach guided by bioinformatic tools to construct a sequence similarity network for the discovery of biosynthetic enzymes. The structures of peptides, biosynthetic origins of unique building blocks, recent reports of post‐translational modifying enzymes for constructing these peptides, and knowledge gaps in biosynthesis will also be presented. Actinobacteria belonging to the genus Kitasatospora are a source of biosynthetic enzymes to expand the biocatalytic toolbox for synthetic biology.
Melatonin promotes the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes via RUNX2 dependent on the interaction between NOTCH1 and SHH signaling pathways
Authors: Zhang Qiaoling , Zhang Yan , Li Baiyu , Wang Chenhao , Yang Zhanqing , Guo Bin , Yue Zhanpeng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMelatonin (MT), an endogenous hormone secreted by pineal gland, has the sedative, anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant functions. However, there are few studies on whether MT affects the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes. The present study investigated the influences of MT on the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes, explored its regulation on runt‐related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), NOTCH1 and sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling, and elucidated their interplays. The results showed that MT promoted the proliferation of antler chondrocytes and induced the differentiation of chondrocytes into hypertrophic chondrocytes as evidenced by the significant increase of collagen type X (COL X), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) expression and ALP activity, the well‐established markers for hypertrophic chondrocytes, but this effectiveness was neutralized by the addition of MT receptor antagonist. Further analysis indicated that MT activated the NOTCH1 and SHH signaling whose blockage abrogated the inducement of MT on the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes. SHH was identified as a downstream target of recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region (RBPJ), a transcription factor of NOTCH1 signaling. Meanwhile, MT stimulated the expression of RUNX2 through activating the SHH signaling whose downstream transcription factor glioma‐associated oncogene 1 (GLI1) directly controlled the transcription of RUNX2 through binding to its promoter region. Moreover, repression of GLI1 counteracted the proliferative effect of MT on antler chondrocytes and attenuated the advancement of MT on chondrocyte differentiation, while supplementation of recombinant RUNX2 protein recued above effects. Collectively, MT induced the proliferation and differentiation of antler chondrocytes via RUNX2 dependent on the interaction between NOTCH1 and SHH signaling pathways.
Growth and yield components of bread wheat as affected by seed and nitrogen‐phosphorous fertilizer rates in Burie District, Northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Nakachew Kelemu , Yigermal Habtamu , Assefa Fenta , Ali Solomon , Simachew Mulugeta , Gebeyehu Tewabe 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAchieving high bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity in a specific region is challenging without clear guidelines on optimal seeding rates and nitrogen‐phosphorus (NP) fertilizer levels. The study aimed to determine the optimal seeding rate and NP fertilizer levels for maximizing bread wheat productivity in Burie District, Northwestern Ethiopia, during the 2021 and 2022 main cropping seasons. Factorial combinations of four seed rates (100, 120, 150, and 200 kg ha−1) and four NP fertilizer rates (64–46, 87–46, 96–69, and 119–69 kg ha−1 of N‐P2O5) were examined in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on various growth and yield parameters were collected and analyzed using SAS 9.4, with mean separation for significant treatments determined by the least significant difference. The combined analysis revealed significant interactions between seed and NP fertilizer rates, affecting parameters such as days to 90% physiological maturity, plant height, number of effective tillers, spike length, number of kernels per spike, 1000‐kernel weight, aboveground dry biomass yield, and grain yield. Days to 50% heading, straw yield, and harvest index were significantly influenced by the main effects of seed and NP fertilizer rates. The highest values for days to 90% maturity, number of effective tillers, and 1000‐kernel weight were observed with the lowest seeding rate (100 kg ha−1) combined with the highest NP fertilizer level (119–69 kg ha−1). The highest grain yield (3.70 t ha−1) was achieved with a seeding rate of 150 kg ha−1 and NP fertilizer level of 96–69 kg ha−1, which also yielded the highest net benefit ($1355.60 ha−1) with an acceptable marginal rate of return (8.98%). This treatment combination is recommended for bread wheat production in the Burie district and similar agroecology.
Twisted Cucurbit[14]uril‐Based Supramolecular Self‐Assembly Induces Fluorescence Emission of Dye Molecules for Multi‐Channel Cell Imaging
Authors: Yuan Xing‐Yue , Xiao Han , Wu Li , Zhao Jie , Wu Jia‐Rui , Ni Yu , Xiao Xin , Yang Hai‐Ping 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this study, a supramolecular fluorescent material was constructed by using double‐cavity twisted cucurbit[14]uril (tQ[14]) and positively charged Astrazon Pink FG (APFG) based on the non‐covalent host‐guest interaction for the first time. The thermodynamic parameters of the APFG@tQ[14] in aqueous solution were determined by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), the results indicated that the spontaneous assembly of APFG@tQ[14] is mainly driven by enthalpy. The intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) effect induced the APFG@tQ[14] probe to emit a strong orange‐red fluorescence. Due to its good optical properties and low toxicity, APFG@tQ[14] was successfully applied to multi‐channel imaging of HK2 cells. This demonstrates the great potential of APFG@tQ[14] in labeling and tracking living cells.