bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of brewer’s spent grain biochar on the growth and quality of leaf lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa.)
Authors: Yoo Jun-Hyuk , Luyima Deogratius , Lee Jae-Han , Park Seong-Yong , Yang Jun-Woo , An Ji-Young , Yun Yeo-Uk , Oh Taek-Keun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe need for organic soil amendments is increasing in the Republic of Korea against the backdrop of increased soil acidification and nutrient losses. The pyrolysis of biomass produces biochar which not only increases soil productivity but also provides environmental benefits through carbon sequestration. The portion of the brewer’s spent grain (BSG) recycled is by far less than the amount generated, but pyrolysis can help to reverse this trend by turning BSG waste into a valuable soil amendment. The current study, therefore, evaluated the effects of brewer’s spent grain biochar (BBXXX) produced at three different temperatures of 300 °C, 500 °C and 700 °C on the yield and quality characteristics of the leaf lettuce as well as the effects on soil chemical properties through a pot experiment. Each of the BBXXX and BSG were added to the soil at two rates of 2% and 5% by weight. The pH and carbon content of the BBxxx increased with increasing pyrolysis temperatures and the trend was replicated in the soil upon biochar application i.e. the soil pH and carbon content increased alongside temperatures at which biochar was pyrolyzed. On the other hand, however, the soil electrical conductivity (EC) diminished with the increasing pyrolysis temperatures of the biochar applied. With regards to crop growth, the BB500 5% amendment produced the highest marketable yield of the leaf lettuce and while the lettuce grown on the control produced leaf lettuce with the lowest content of nitrate nitrogen, BB500 5% amendment generally produced the highest quality lettuce. The results indicate that BB500 performed agronomically better than the rest of the amendments and is thus recommended as an effective BSG recycling measure.
Multitasking guardian of mitochondrial quality: Parkin function and Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Kamienieva Iryna , Duszyński Jerzy , Szczepanowska Joanna 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe familial form of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is linked to mutations in specific genes. The mutations in parkin are one of the most common causes of early-onset PD. Mitochondrial dysfunction is an emerging active player in the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases, because mitochondria are highly dynamic structures integrated with many cellular functions. Herein, we overview and discuss the role of the parkin protein product, Parkin E3 ubiquitin ligase, in the cellular processes related to mitochondrial function, and how parkin mutations can result in pathology in vitro and in vivo.
Benefits of radar-derived surface current assimilation for South of Africa ocean circulation
Authors: Couvelard Xavier , Messager Christophe , Penven Pierrick , Smet Sébastien , Lattes Philippe 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe oceanic circulation south of Africa is characterised by a complex dynamics with a strong variability due to the presence of the Agulhas current and numerous eddies. This area of interest is also the location of several natural gas fields under seafloor which are targeted for drilling and exploitation. The complex and powerful ocean currents induces significant issues for ship operations at the surface as well as under the surface for deep sea operations. Therefore, the knowledge of the state of the currents and the ability to forecast them in a realistic manners could greatly enforce the safety of various marine operation. Following this objective, an array of HF radar systems were deployed to allow a detailed knowledge of the Agulhas currents and its associated eddy activity. It is shown in this study that assimilation of HF radar allow to represent the surface circulation more realistically. Two kind of experiments have been performed, a one month analysis and nine consecutive forecast of two days each. The one month 4DVAR experiment have been compared to geostrophic currents issued from altimeters and highlight an important improvement of the geostrophic currents. Furthermore despite the restricted size of the area covered with HF radar, we show that the solution is improved almost in the whole domain, mainly upstream and downstream of the HF radar’s covered area. We also show that while benefits of the assimilation on the surface current intensity is significantly reduced during the second day of forecast, the correction in direction persists after 48 h.
Resection and postoperative radiation therapy for desmoid fibromatosis of the chest wall in a young woman
Authors: Noda Daiki , Abe Miyuki , Takumi Yohei , Anami Kentaro , Miyawaki Michiyo , Takeuchi Hideya , Osoegawa Atsushi , Sugio Kenji 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Surgery is an effective treatment for desmoid fibromatosis, but it may be difficult, depending on the location or local spread of the tumor, and the decision to perform surgery must be made carefully. We herein report a case of desmoid fibromatosis of the chest wall in a young woman suspected of having invasion to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd ribs.

Case presentation
A 35-year-old woman had been aware of dry cough and right chest pain, so she was referred to our hospital. Chest computed tomography showed a localized pleural tumor mainly at the first rib. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 75 × 65 × 27-mm tumor with a smooth surface, with partial contact from the first rib to third rib and partial extension to the 1st intercostal space. The tumor showed growth in the two months after the first visit, so resection was performed. The tumor was completely resected, and adjuvant radiation therapy (50 Gy) was performed for the small margin. The pathological diagnosis was desmoid fibromatosis. The postoperative course has been uneventful, without recurrence at 14 months after surgery.

Conclusions
In chest wall tumors located ventral of the pulmonary apex, we suggest that a combination of the Grunenwald method and Masaoka anterior approach may be a useful option. In cases where margin is not enough, adjuvant radiation therapy should be considered.
Can the Baidu Index predict realized volatility in the Chinese stock market?
Authors: Zhang Wei , Yan Kai , Shen Dehua 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper incorporates the Baidu Index into various heterogeneous autoregressive type time series models and shows that the Baidu Index is a superior predictor of realized volatility in the SSE 50 Index. Furthermore, the predictability of the Baidu Index is found to rise as the forecasting horizon increases. We also find that continuous components enhance predictive power across all horizons, but that increases are only sustained in the short and medium terms, as the long-term impact on volatility is less persistent. Our findings should be expected to influence investors interested in constructing trading strategies based on realized volatility.
The pedagogical efficacy of ESP courses for Iranian students of engineering from students’ and instructors’ perspectives
Authors: Mostafavi Sartoon , Mohseni Ahmad , Abbasian Gholam-Reza 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCasting light on the pros and cons of every educational program, the outcomes of an effective evaluative endeavor may serve as a guideline for education authorities interested in content enhancement schemes. Focusing on English for specific purposes (ESP) courses for engineering students, the current study sought to evaluate the efficacy of technical English pedagogy in the academic context of Iran. Employing a mixed evaluative framework, the study explored the courses’ effectiveness delving into the attitudes of ESP instructors and engineering students toward three major domains including needs satisfaction, content authenticity, and learner autonomy. As its secondary aim, the study examined whether there was any significant difference between students and instructors in terms of their attitudes to the courses under investigation. To accomplish the objectives, a researcher-made questionnaire was administered to 796 engineering students and 54 ESP instructors chosen from 20 randomly-selected Iranian universities. A descriptive analysis of the survey data revealed an overall disagreement with the satisfaction of some learner needs such as those related to the learning objectives, productive competences, monitoring system, and educational facilities. Additionally, the two groups of participants had significantly different perceptions of the authenticity of the instructional content as well as the satisfaction of the target needs. The findings may help local authorities adapt the existing ESP pedagogy in Iran to suit the genuine needs of students.
Simulation-based team training in time-critical clinical presentations in emergency medicine and critical care: a review of the literature
Authors: Weile Jesper , Nebsbjerg Mette Amalie , Ovesen Stig Holm , Paltved Charlotte , Ingeman Mads Lind 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
The use of simulation-based team training has increased over the past decades. Simulation-based team training within emergency medicine and critical care contexts is best known for its use by trauma teams and teams involved in cardiac arrest. In the domain of emergency medicine, simulation-based team training is also used for other typical time-critical clinical presentations. We aimed to review the existing literature and current state of evidence pertaining to non-technical skills obtained via simulation-based team training in emergency medicine and critical care contexts, excluding trauma and cardiac arrest contexts.

Methods
This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Before the initiation of the study, the protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database. We conducted a systematic literature search of 10 years of publications, up to December 17, 2019, in the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL. Two authors independently reviewed all the studies and extracted data.

Results
Of the 456 studies screened, 29 trials were subjected to full-text review, and 13 studies were included in the final review. None of the studies was randomized controlled trials, and no studies compared simulation training to different modalities of training. Studies were heterogeneous; they applied simulation-training concepts of different durations and intensities and used different outcome measures for non-technical skills. Two studies reached Kirkpatrick level 3. Out of the remaining 11 studies, nine reached Kirkpatrick level 2, and two reached Kirkpatrick level 1.

Conclusions
The literature on simulation-based team training in emergency medicine is heterogeneous and sparse, but somewhat supports the hypothesis that simulation-based team training is beneficial to teams’ knowledge and attitudes toward non-technical skills (Kirkpatrick level 2). Randomized trials are called for to clarify the effect of simulation compared to other modalities of team training. Future research should focus on the transfer of skills and investigate improvements in patient outcomes (Kirkpatrick level 4).
Morpho-taxometrical and molecular characterization of Steinernema abbasi (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) and its pathogenicity and generative potential against lepidopteran pests
Authors: Heena  , Rana Aasha , Bhat Aashaq Hussain , Chaubey Ashok Kumar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
An entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) was recovered by using Galleria baiting technique from the soils of marigold fields of Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. Based on morphological, morphometrical and molecular characterizations, the isolated strain was identified as Steinernema abbasi and tagged as CS38. The isolated strain was conspecific to original description with minor deviations. Infective juveniles (IJs) of present strain were longer than original description.

Results
Molecular analysis was done using ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and D2D3 regions. Pathogenicity and generative potential of the present strain CS38 were tested against larvae of 3 lepidopteran insect pests, namely, Galleria mellonella L., Helicoverpa armigera (Hb.) and Spodoptera litura (Fab.). Different concentrations of IJs/larva, viz. 25, 50, 100, and 200 IJs/larva, were used for bioassay trails. All experiments were repeated thrice to reach the optimum authenticity. Results of bioassays revealed that isolate CS38 was highly virulent against the 3 insect pests and caused (100%) mortality within 48 h under laboratory conditions. Generative potential of the studied S. abbasi CS38 was recorded high in G. mellonella (19 × 104 IJs/larva) at 100 IJs/larva concentration, followed by H. armigera (63.4 × 103 IJs/larva) and S. litura (60.5 × 103 IJs/larva).

Conclusions
Isolate CS38 is an indigenous, dominant and highly virulent strain that can be utilized as a biological control agent against the three studied insects. Moreover, it can be used for commercialization of the production of EPN-based biopesticide to be added under Integrated Pest Management in Indian agriculture system.
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a biomarker for predicting acute kidney injury after coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Othman Haitham Mohy El Din Mahmoud , Hassan Alaa Eid Mohamed , Elsersi Mayar Hassan , Soliman Ahmed Kamal Mohamed Ali , Emam Dalia Fahmy 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundEarly and precocious determination of acute kidney injury (AKI) is essential to prevent morbidity and mortality following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Evaluation of the perioperative renal function is substantial using novel biomarkers other than the late traditional method of using serum creatinine. Plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a biomarker investigated for early detection of AKI in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, and its role has to be determined in this study.ResultsTwenty-five patients undergoing elective CABG were enrolled in this cohort study and were assigned into two groups: group I include the patients that did not develop AKI (no AKI group) and group II include the patients that developed AKI (AKI group). Acute kidney injury based on Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) classification had been developed in 7 patients (28%). Plasma NGAL levels at 6 h were higher in patients who developed AKI compared with those who did not (302 ± 88.02 vs. 116.50 ± 17.33 ng/m,pvalue < 0.001). The cut-off value of plasma NGAL levels measured 6 h postoperatively was 145 ng/ml and the area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.965. Results of this study showed that plasma NGAL is a robust early biomarker of AKI, which preceded the rise in serum creatinine by many hours.ConclusionThis study revealed that earlier diagnosis of acute kidney injury in patients undergoing CABG can be achieved by measuring postoperative plasma NGAL concentration at 6 h.
Effects of irrigation and planting geometry on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) fiber quality and seed composition
Authors: PINNAMANENI Srinivasa R. , ANAPALLI Saseendran S. , SUI Ruixiu , BELLALOUI Nacer , REDDY Krishna N. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundCotton fiber quality and seed composition play vital roles in the economics of cotton production systems and the cottonseed meal industry. This research aimed to examine the effects of different irrigation levels and planting geometries on fiber quality and seed composition of cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.). We conducted a 2-year study in 2018 and 2019 in a warm, humid area in the Southeast United States on Dundee silt loam soil. There were three irrigation treatments in the study. The treatments included irrigating every furrow, or full irrigation (FI), every alternate furrow, or half irrigation (HI), and no irrigation, or rain-fed (RF). Planting geometries were on ridges spaced 102 cm apart and either a single-row (SR) or twin-rows (TR).ResultsThe results of high-volume instrument (HVI), advanced fiber information systems (AFIS) and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) showed that irrigation and planting treatments played a significant role in fiber quality and seed composition. Across irrigation treatments, significant differences were seen in fiber properties, including fineness, maturity ratio, micronaire, neps, short fiber, strength, uniformity, upper half mean length (UHML), upper quartile length by weight (UQLw), and yellowness (+b). Irrigation and planting geometry (PG) had a significant effect on micronaire, strength, and UHML while their interaction was significant only for micronaire. The micronaire was negatively affected by irrigation as FI-SR, FI-TR, HI-SR, and HI-TR recorded 11% ~ 12% lower over the RF-SR and TR treatments. The PG played a minor role in determining fiber quality traits like micronaire and nep count. Irrigation treatments produced significantly lower (3% ~ 4%) protein content than rain-fed, while oil content increased significantly (6% ~ 10%).ConclusionsThe study results indicate a potential for improving cotton fiber and seed qualities by managing irrigation and planting geometries in cotton production systems in the Mississippi (MS) Delta region. The HI-TR system appears promising for lint and seed quality.
Multifocal glioblastoma multiform with “encephalitis-like presentation” : a case report
Authors: Sa’adeh Issam , Saadh Mohamed Jamal 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Glioblastoma multiform is the most common and aggressive type of primary malignant tumor that affects the central nervous system in adults. It clinically presents with seizures, headache, and/or progressive focal neurological deficits. Radiologically, glioblastoma multiform appears as a single distinguishable, large heterogeneous lesion affecting the cerebrum with characteristic central necrosis, marginal enhancement, and surrounding vasogenic edema. This article describes a patient that exhibited an atypical clinical presentation of multifocal glioblastoma multiform with misleading early radiological features that simulated herpetic encephalitis.

Results
A 66-year-old female that presented with left-sided hemiparesis and left partial motor seizures underwent multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was also performed to screen for herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1).

Conclusions
The early stages of glioblastoma may manifest as symptoms typical to encephalitis, which can delay diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, early diagnosis and identification of atypical glioblastoma multiform presentations, as reported in this article, are essential.
Atypical presentation of melorheostosis with soft tissues involvement: a case report
Authors: Chia Kok King , Haron Juhara , Nik Malek Nik Fatimah Salwati 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Melorheostosis is a skeletal disorder giving rise to a dripping wax appearance. The exact cause is still unclear, and the diagnosis is always challenging due to its wide differential diagnoses. Soft tissue involvement of melorheostosis has been reported in previous literatures but it is a rare phenomenon.

Case presentation
A 10-year-old child with melorheostosis presented with hematuria. Ultrasonography (USG) identified a cystic lesion in the right hemipelvis adjacent to the urinary bladder which was initially regarded as an ovarian cyst. Computed tomography (CT) confirmed the cystic lesion as a fusiform right internal iliac artery aneurysm, as well as multiple right retroperitoneal and right lower limb capillary hemangiomas with uterine involvement. Hence, the final diagnosis was atypical melorheostosis with vascular malformations. The patient was managed conservatively with Sirolimus therapy for the vascular anomalies.

Conclusion
Albeit the rare involvement of soft tissues, careful search for vascular malformation is recommended in melorheostosis.
Right ventricular pseudoaneurysm in a young adult following right heart catheterization: a rare case report and review of the literature
Authors: Esmat Habib Ahmad , Ceylan Naim , Demir Emre , Çinkooğlu Akın 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Right ventricular pseudoaneurysm is an extremely rare finding than left ventricular pseudoaneurysm, associated with high mortality. The diagnosis of right ventricle pseudoaneurysm is often challenging because of its rarity and lack of typical clinical features. However, advanced cardiac imaging techniques including CT angiogram and MRI can help a timely diagnosis to avoid a fatal outcome.

Case presentation
The authors present the imaging findings of a right ventricular pseudoaneurysm in a 33-year-old male, presented with dyspnea and chest pain after exertion for 2 weeks. The gated CT and cardiac MRI showed a small outpouching from the right ventricle apex into the pericardial space, consistent with a pseudoaneurysm. He underwent cardiac surgery and pseudoaneurysm resection with a favorable outcome.

Conclusion
Right ventricular pseudoaneurysm is a very rare complication following right heart catheterization and a potentially life-threatening condition that requires prompt diagnosis and management. Though the lack of its typical clinical presentation is often a diagnostic challenge, advanced cardiac imaging techniques including CT angiogram and MRI may help a timely diagnosis to avoid a fatal outcome.
Flavonoids as natural phenolic compounds and their role in therapeutics: an overview
Authors: Mutha Rakesh E. , Tatiya Anilkumar U. , Surana Sanjay J. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Natural plants and plant-derived formulations have been used by mankind from the ancient period of time. For the past few years, many investigations elaborated the therapeutic potential of various secondary chemicals present in the plants. Literature revealed that the various secondary metabolites, viz. phenolics and flavonoids, are responsible for a variety of therapeutic action in humans.

Main body
In the present review, an attempt has been made to compile the exploration of natural phenolic compounds with major emphasis on flavonoids and their therapeutic potential too. Interestingly, long-term intake of many dietary foods (rich in phenolics) proved to be protective against the development and management of diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases, etc.

Conclusion
This review presents an overview of flavonoid compounds to use them as a potential therapeutic alternative in various diseases and disorders. In addition, the present understanding of phenolics and flavonoids will serve as the basis for the next scientific studies.