bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinformatic identification of differentially expressed genes regulated by DNA‐methylation in glioblastoma
Authors: Guan Sizhong , Jian Linge , He Ye , Su Yanna , Zhou Liping 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDNA methylation‐driven differentially expressed genes (DEGs) play potentially important roles in glioblastoma (GBM). In the present study, we applied bioinformatic analyses to identify key methylation‐regulated DEGs (MeDEGs) in glioblastoma and elucidate their functions. Gene expression and methylation profile data from glioblastoma samples along with clinical information were obtained from GEO and TCGA databases. A total of 65 genes were identified as MeDEGs from the aforementioned data. Subsequently, gene ontology and kyoto encyclopaedia of genes and genomes enrichment analyses of these MeDEGs exhibited that MeDEGs were mostly enriched in several tumour‐related terms such as ‘activation of cysteine‐type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process’ and ‘phospholipid scrambling’. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated significant correlation of CASP1, CFH and TTLL7 hyper‐methylation with patient prognosis. Finally, CASP1 protein could indirectly interact with CFH protein, but interaction of TTLL7 protein with CASP1 or CFH protein was not evident. Based on gene set enrichment analysis, hyper‐methylation of CASP1, CFH and TTLL7 were found enriched in tumour‐related KEGG terms, such as ‘RNA degradation’, ‘apyruvate metabolism’ and ‘nitrogen metabolism’. Methylation levels of CASP1, CFH and TTLL7 were addressed to negatively correlate with their mRNA levels in GBM cell lines. In sum, the present identification of MeDEGs associated with overall survival put forth potential molecular targets for translation towards improved diagnosis and treatment of GBM, and specifically, methylation levels of CASP1, CFH and TTLL7 genes could serve as key prognostic biomarkers in GBM.
Seed banks alter metacommunity diversity: The interactive effects of competition, dispersal and dormancy
Authors: Wisnoski Nathan I. , Shoemaker Lauren G. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDispersal and dormancy are two common strategies allowing for species persistence and the maintenance of biodiversity in variable environments. However, theory and empirical tests of spatial diversity patterns tend to examine either mechanism in isolation. Here, we developed a stochastic, spatially explicit metacommunity model incorporating seed banks with varying germination and survival rates. We found that dormancy and dispersal had interactive, nonlinear effects on the maintenance and distribution of metacommunity diversity. Seed banks promoted local diversity when seed survival was high and maintained regional diversity through interactions with dispersal. The benefits of seed banks for regional diversity were largest when dispersal was high or intermediate, depending on whether local competition was equal or stabilising. Our study shows that classic predictions for how dispersal affects metacommunity diversity can be strongly influenced by dormancy. Together, these results emphasise the need to consider both temporal and spatial processes when predicting multi‐scale patterns of diversity.
Clinic and genetic predictors in response to erenumab
Authors: Zecca Chiara , Cargnin Sarah , Schankin Christoph , Giannantoni Nadia Mariagrazia , Viana Michele , Maraffi Isabella , Riccitelli Gianna Carla , Sihabdeen Shairin , Terrazzino Salvatore , Gobbi Claudio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeErenumab (ERE) is the first anticalcitonin gene‐related peptide receptor monoclonal antibody approved for migraine prevention. A proportion of patients do not adequately respond to ERE.MethodsProspective multicenter study involving 110 migraine patients starting ERE 70 mg monthly. Baseline socio‐demographics and migraine characteristics, including mean monthly migraine days (MMDs), migraine‐related burden (MIDAS [Migraine Disability Assessment scale] and Headache Impact Test‐6), and use of abortive medications, during 3 months before and after ERE start were collected. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine polymorphic variants of calcitonin receptor‐like receptor and receptor activity‐modifying protein‐1 genes. Logistic regression models were used to identify independent predictors for 50% responder patients (50‐RESP) and 75% responder patients (75‐RESP).ResultsAt month 3, MMDs decreased from 17.2 to 9.2 (p < 0.0001), 59/110 (53.6%) patients were 50‐RESP, and 30/110 (27.3%) were 75‐RESP. Age at migraine onset (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval (95% CI)]: 1.062 [1.008–1.120], p = 0.024), number of failed preventive medications (0.753 [0.600–0.946], p = 0.015), and MIDAS score (1.011 [1.002–1.020], p = 0.017) were associated with 75‐RESP. Among the genetic variants investigated, RAMP1 rs7590387 was found associated with a lower probability of being 75‐RESP (per G allele OR [95% CI]: 0.53 [0.29–0.99], p = 0.048]), but this association did not survive adjustment for confounding clinical variables (per G allele, 0.55 [0.28–1.10], p = 0.09]).ConclusionsIn this real‐word study, treatment with ERE significantly reduced MMDs. The number of failed preventive medications, migraine burden, and age at migraine onset predicted response to ERE. Larger studies are required to confirm a possible role of RAMP1 rs7590387 as genetic predictor of ERE efficacy.
Multi‐population puma connectivity could restore genomic diversity to at‐risk coastal populations in California
Authors: Gustafson Kyle D. , Gagne Roderick B. , Buchalski Michael R. , Vickers T. Winston , Riley Seth P. D. , Sikich Jeff A. , Rudd Jaime L. , Dellinger Justin A. , LaCava Melanie E. F. , Ernest Holly B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUrbanization is decreasing wildlife habitat and connectivity worldwide, including for apex predators, such as the puma (Puma concolor). Puma populations along California's central and southern coastal habitats have experienced rapid fragmentation from development, leading to calls for demographic and genetic management. To address urgent conservation genomic concerns, we used double‐digest restriction‐site associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing to analyze 16,285 genome‐wide single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 401 pumas sampled broadly across the state. Our analyses indicated support for 4–10 geographically nested, broad‐ to fine‐scale genetic clusters. At the broadest scale, the four genetic clusters had high genetic diversity and exhibited low linkage disequilibrium, indicating that pumas have retained genomic diversity statewide. However, multiple lines of evidence indicated substructure, including 10 finer‐scale genetic clusters, some of which exhibited fixed alleles and linkage disequilibrium. Fragmented populations along the Southern Coast and Central Coast had particularly low genetic diversity and strong linkage disequilibrium, indicating genetic drift and close inbreeding. Our results demonstrate that genetically at risk populations are typically nested within a broader‐scale group of interconnected populations that collectively retain high genetic diversity and heterogenous fixations. Thus, extant variation at the broader scale has potential to restore diversity to local populations if management actions can enhance vital gene flow and recombine locally sequestered genetic diversity. These state‐ and genome‐wide results are critically important for science‐based conservation and management practices. Our nested population genomic analysis highlights the information that can be gained from population genomic studies aiming to provide guidance for the conservation of fragmented populations.
Association between activity restriction due to fear of falling and mortality: Results from the Korean longitudinal study of aging
Authors: Yang Jeong Min , Kim Jae Hyun 
Published: December 2021

AimTo analyze the correlation between activity restriction due to fear of falling and mortality among Koreans aged ≥45 years.MethodsAfter excluding missing values, the data of 411 participants from the first to sixth waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging were analyzed using the χ2‐test, log‐rank tests and Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsIn model 1, which did not include activity restriction due to fear of falling as an independent variable, the death rate increased by 1.024‐fold (hazard ratio 1.024, 95% confidence interval 1.000–1.050, P = 0.0498) as the number of falls increased by one. In model 2, which included activity restriction due to fear of falling as an independent variable, participants with experience of activity restriction showed 1.993‐fold higher mortality (hazard ratio 1.993, 95% confidence interval 1.112–3.572, P = 0.0205) than those without such experience. In addition, as the number of falls in the group with chronic diseases increased by one, the mortality rate increased by 1.028‐fold (hazard ratio 1.028, 95% confidence interval 1.001–1.057, P = 0.043).ConclusionsThere was a close relationship between activity restriction due to fear of falling and mortality. Therefore, this study can serve as the foundation for policies and institutional measures to reduce the mortality rate of groups with activity restrictions due to fear of falling. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 168–174.
High‐speed railway and urban productivity disparities
Authors: Liu Xiaoqian , Li Han , Sun Yongzhi , Wang Chang’an 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLarge scale transport infrastructure constructions connect both large metropolitan cities as well as small peripheral cities. Transportation cost reductions facilitate the reallocation of labor factors between these asymmetric regions. Whether the results of labor reallocation narrow down the inter‐regional considerable discrepancies or reinforce the disparities in productivity is uncertain. This paper explores the opening of China’s High‐Speed Railway (HSR) program as a quasi‐natural experiment to estimate the causal effect of the HSR connection on urban disparities in labor productivity. To address the selection bias caused by non‐random placements of HSR routes, we eliminate all metropolitan city nodes and construct a minimum spanning tree as the instrumental variable. Compared with peripheral cities not connected by the HSR, the labor productivity in connected peripheral cities decreases by 12.6% after the opening of the HSR. Using China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS), we further find that the decline of labor productivity is driven by the relocation of high‐skilled labor from the HSR connected peripheral cities to the central cities. This article concludes that the HSR widens the productivity disparities between the large central metropolitan and small peripheral cities connected.
Feminism through the market? A study of gender‐equality consultants in France
Authors: Blanchard Soline 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article explores the professional subjectivities of gender‐equality (GE) consultants in France based on 63 interviews. A central concern is how these experts shape positions when working on a topic at the crossroads of personal, political, and economic stakes – in organizational and business contexts that are reluctant to embrace any feminist‐like perspective. Questioning the rationales for entering this market activity, the ways to embody professional work and service impact self‐assessment, the analysis highlights the tensions and dilemmas experienced by GE consultants in terms of aligning convictions and business imperatives, and the pragmatic and variable arrangements they make on a daily basis to put GE principles into practice. This research documents GE work by reanalyzing colliding dyads such as work/activism, professionalism/feminism, co‐optation/resistance, and by reviewing the use of market logics in subverting the existing gender/economic order. It draws a nuanced picture of the constraints and opportunities that GE consulting offers to destabilize power from within organizations.
Isolated left side superior vena cava in a dialysis patient: Right direction, wrong turn!
Authors: Bagai Sahil , Khullar Dinesh , Gandhi Kunal , Panigrahi Deepak , Bashir Shahnawaz , Saxena Vivek 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTunneled catheter insertion is a routine procedure undertaken by nephrologists world over. However, the presence of a venous anomaly can always test one's skills and can give them anxious moments. Persistent left superior vena cava (SVC) is the most common venous anomaly. We share our experience of successfully placing a hemodialysis central venous catheter in a very rare congenital anomaly wherein patient had persistent left SVC with agenesis of the right SVC.
ESTIMATION OF (STATIC OR DYNAMIC) GAMES UNDER EQUILIBRIUM MULTIPLICITY
Authors: Otsu Taisuke , Pesendorfer Martin , Sasaki Yuya , Takahashi Yuya 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe propose a multiplicity‐robust estimation method for static or dynamic games. The method allows for distinct behaviors and strategies across markets by treating market‐specific behaviors as correlated latent variables, with their conditional probability measure treated as an infinite‐dimensional nuisance parameter. Instead of solving the intermediate infinite‐dimensional optimization problem, we consider the equivalent finite‐dimensional dual problem. This property allows for a practically feasible characterization of the identified region for the structural parameters. We apply the estimation method to newspaper market previously studied in Gentzkow et al. (American Economic Review 104 (2014), 3073–114) to characterize the identified region of marginal costs.
Cinnamic Aldehyde, the main monomer component of Cinnamon, exhibits anti‐inflammatory property in OA synovial fibroblasts via TLR4/MyD88 pathway
Authors: Chen Pu , Zhou Jun , Ruan Anmin , Zeng Lingfeng , Liu Jun , Wang Qingfu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCinnamon is a wildly used traditional Chinese herbal medicine for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment, but the underlying mechanism remains ambiguous. The purpose of this study is to explore the mechanism of cinnamic aldehyde (CA), a bioactive substance extracted from Cinnamon, on synovial inflammation in OA. A total of 144 CA‐OA co‐targeted genes were identified by detect databases (PubChem, HIT, TCMSP, TTD, DrugBank and GeneCards). The results of GO enrichment analysis indicated that these co‐targeted genes have participated in many biological processes including ‘inflammatory response’, ‘cellular response to lipopolysaccharide’, ‘response to drug’, ‘immune response’, ‘lipopolysaccharide‐mediated signalling pathway’, etc. KEGG pathway analysis showed these co‐targeted genes were mainly enriched in ‘Toll‐like receptor signalling pathway’, ‘TNF signalling pathway’, ‘NF‐kappa B signalling pathway’, etc. Molecular docking demonstrated that CA could successfully bind to TLR2 and TLR4. The results of in vitro experiments showed no potential toxicity of 10, 20 and 50 μM/L CA on human OA FLS, and CA can significantly inhibit the inflammation in LPS‐induced human FLS. Further experimental mechanism evidence confirmed CA can inhibited the inflammation in LPS‐induced human OA FLS via blocking the TLR4/MyD88 signalling pathway. Our results demonstrated that CA exhibited strong anti‐inflammation effect in OA FLS through blocking the activation of TLR4/MyD88 signalling pathway, suggesting its potential as a hopeful candidate for the development of novel agents for the treatment of OA.
Who's in the Spotlight? The Personalization of Politics in the European Parliament
Authors: Hamřík Lukáš , Kaniok Petr 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe personalization of politics represents a growing research field in European studies. Yet, despite this, an institutional sphere of politics remained rather overlooked. This article aims to fill this gap, focusing on the only European Union (EU) institution with legitimacy derived directly from EU citizens: the European Parliament (EP). This study brings new insights about political behaviour within the EP and provides an original approach for studying (not only) EP politics. Based on quantitative content analysis we conclude that politics in the EP has become to some extent more personalized. However, despite the enhancement of (some) individuals' positions within the EP, collective actors have not lost their dominant positions. The personalization can be observed primarily in the field of parliamentary procedure. In agenda‐setting and internal decision‐making, personalization occurred as well. Any possibility of individual actors to affect the EP's internal organization remains very limited.
Understanding the European Union's Perception of the Threat of Cyberterrorism: A Discursive Analysis
Authors: Baker‐Beall Christopher , Mott Gareth 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article analyses the European Union's (EU) construction of the threat of cyberterrorism. Through the application of interpretive discourse analysis, the article identifies several key strands that underpin the construction of the cyberterrorist threat within the political and security institutions of the EU. Locating the analysis within the literature pertaining both to the EU as a security actor and to cyber‐security, the article identifies the emergence of the perceived threat of cyberterrorism within the EU discourse on emerging security threats. The article scrutinizes the meaning(s) ascribed to this threat, arguing that although cyberterrorism has not been conclusively defined by the EU, the threat has been invoked as a means of legitimizing existing and future security practices. In particular, the threat of cyberterrorism has been ascribed significance with respect to the need to implement harmonized, high standards for the securing of critical infrastructure across the EU and its member states.
A customized subepithelial connective tissue graft for interdental papilla reconstruction and soft tissue augmentation
Authors: Yi Zumu , Miao Xinhai , Wang Lei , Zhang Guorui , Wu Yingying 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveDue to the minimal blood supply and other reasons, stable reconstruction of interdental papilla is difficult. This article presented three cases, which describe a customized subepithelial connective tissue graft aiming to overcome the clinical challenge, with the combination of tunneling technique.Clinical ConsiderationsAn original customized subepithelial connective tissue graft combined with tunnel technique aimed to reconstruct interdental papilla (IP). The subepithelial connective tissue graft was partially spilt to create a bowtie‐like shape, with four lateral wings and a main body. The four wings were tightly wrapped around the adjacent abutments, and the body part was used to reconstruct the IP.ConclusionsWith the customized subepithelial connective tissue graft, a favorable outcome has been preliminarily confirmed in these cases. Facing patients with a lack of gingival papilla and soft tissue fullness, the customized subepithelial connective tissue graft may be a good choice.Clinical SignificanceThis study provides a new method to reconstruct IP. The customized subepithelial connective tissue graft may be a good choice when a lack of gingival papilla and soft tissue fullness occurs, which will be of great benefit to meet the aesthetic needs of patients.
Comparison of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) kernel volatile compounds of “Siirt”, “Uzun” and “Kirmizi” grown in Turkey: Effect of traditional and industrial in‐shell roasting
Authors: Güler Zehra , Dursun Ahmet , Türkmen Dilek 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) kernel volatile compounds (VCs) of “Siirt”, “Uzun” and “Kirmizi” cultivars grown in Turkey, and also to determine the effects of traditional and industrial in‐shell roasting. The VCs were analyzed by using solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Regardless of cultivar, a total of 36, 55, and 65 VCs were identified in raw, industrial and traditional roasted pistachios, respectively. Limonene was the major terpene and the most important volatile compound in “Siirt” and α‐pinene in raw “Kirmizi” and “Uzun” but α‐terpinolene in their roasted counterparts. The heterocyclic and phenolic compounds reached a maximum in all three cultivars in traditional roasting compared to industrial roasting. Discriminant analysis based on volatile compounds classified the pistachios according to the roasting methods rather than cultivars. “Kirmizi” may be the most promising cultivar for traditional roasting regarding its highest pyrazine content.Practical ApplicationsThe main object of the present study was to determine and compare volatile compounds (VCs) in three different pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) cultivars (“Siirt”, “Uzun” and “Kirmizi”) that are raw (not roasted), industrial and traditional roasted in‐shell. They are the main cultivars grown in Turkey. VCs from kernels were analyzed by using solid phase micro‐extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. VC profile and its abundance were dependent on both roasting methods and cultivar. Pyrrole, pyrazine and furan compounds were emerged by the roasting process. Pyrroles were higher than pyrazines in industrial roasting, with exception of “Kirmizi” but pyrazines were the highest heterocyclic compounds in traditional one, even being the dominant VC group in “Siirt” and “Kirmizi”. Roasting process was a crucial factor for pyrazines, pyrroles, furans, phenolic compounds and also terpenes in “Siirt,” “Uzun” and “Kirmizi” pistachios. “Kirmizi” may be the most promising cultivar for traditional roasting regarding its highest pyrazine content.
The Importance of the Part‐Time and Participation Margins for Real Wage Adjustment
Authors: DALY MARY C. , HOBIJN BART 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe introduce a decomposition of the growth in real median usual weekly earnings of full‐time wage and salary earners into parts due to earnings increases of those who remain employed, the intensive margin, and due to changes in those who are employed, the extensive margin. The intensive margin is procyclical and dominates during expansions. The extensive margin is countercyclical and important during downturns, especially during the Great and COVID Recessions. The extensive margin is mainly driven by entries from and exits to part‐time employment and nonparticipation, not unemployment.
Worker Heterogeneity, Selection, and Unemployment Dynamics in a Pandemic
Authors: RAVENNA FEDERICO , WALSH CARL E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe employ a new Keynesian model with random search in the labor market and endogenous selection among heterogeneous workers to investigate the impact of a pandemic‐induced recession on the distribution of unemployment across workers. In such a recession, workers whose unemployment spells in normal times are inefficiently frequent and long are disproportionately affected. This remains true even when the pandemic initially causes mass layoffs that affect workers broadly or if many separations represent temporary layoffs. Monetary policy that responds to labor market variables affects unemployment for all workers but does relatively little for the distribution of unemployment across workers types.