bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Porous g‐C3N4 Microspheres Wrapped by Garnet Nanoparticles Enable Solid Composite Electrolytes with Improved Ionic Conduction and Interfacial Stability
Authors: Wang Wenjing , Jia Mengyang , Bi Zhijie , Guo Xiangxin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSolid composite electrolytes composed of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO) hold promise for realizing practically applied solid lithium batteries (SLBs) with high safety and energy density. However, they face the issues of the LLZTO agglomeration in polymers and the dehydrofluorination of PVDF at the anode interface. To overcome these issues, porous g‐C3N4 microspheres are wrapped homogeneously by LLZTO nanoparticles via the metal‐nitrogen bonding between Li atoms in LLZTO and N atoms in g‐C3N4 and then incorporated into the composite electrolytes. The achieved LLZTO network with 3D structures provides continuous and fast ionic transport channels inside electrolytes. Additionally, g‐C3N4 with abundant N can endow the construction of a stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) consisting of rich Li3N, separating PVDF from Li‐metal and suppressing the PVDF dehydrofluorination at the anode interface. Consequently, the obtained composite electrolytes with the ionic conductivity of 7.56 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 30 °C undergo stable stripping‐plating cycles over 2000 h. The SLBs using LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622) and LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) achieve superior cycle stability with the capacity retention of 88.65% for 300 cycles and 88.22% for 150 cycles at 0.5 C, respectively. This work provides a universal strategy for constructing PVDF‐based composite electrolytes with high conductivity and interface compatibility.
Subtly Modulating Bay Sites of Perylene Diimide Cathode Interface Layer for High‐Performance and High‐Stability Non‐Fullerene Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Lan Senmei , Zhou Dan , Hu Lin , Li Hongxiang , Pu Yujie , Wang Fang , Wan Wentian , Tong Yongfen , Lv Ruizhi , Xu Haitao , Hu Bin , Cheng Pei , Li Zaifang , Chen Lie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCathode interface layers (CILs) are crucial for optimizing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of organic solar cells (OSCs). Two small molecule CILs, PDINN‐TS and PDINN‐BS are developed, by modifying the bay sites of perylene diimide (PDI) with thieno [3,2‐b] thiophene and 2,2′‐bithiophene, separately. Due to better electron‐donating capacity and longer conjugate length of the 2,2′‐bithiophene, PDINN‐BS exhibits a stronger self‐doping effect and superior interface compatibility compared to PDINN‐TS. Consequently, in PM6: Y6 OSCs, PDINN‐BS achieved an elevated PCE of 16.95%, surpassing PDINN‐TS of 16.66%. Meanwhile, PDINN‐BS exhibits excellent universality. When employing PM6: BTP‐eC9 and PM6:L8‐BO systems, PDINN‐BS‐based device yielded PCE of 18.02% and 18.95%, outperforming PDINN‐TS of 17.51% and 18.38%, respectively. Furthermore, stability tests revealed that after being stored in the glovebox for 1500 h, PDINN‐BS retained 90% of its pristine PCE, compared to 86% for PDINN‐TS. PDINN‐BS showed longer 80% PCE decay (T80) of 150 h in air, 200 h at 70 °C heating in N2, and 500 h under 1 sun immersion, surpassing PDINN‐TS with 120, 130, and 380 h, respectively. This demonstrates that PDINN‐BS displayed superior stability under a complicated environment. Consequently, this study provides significative guidance for the exploitation of high‐performance and high‐stability OSCs.
Decrypting the Controlled Product Selectivity over Tunable Ni─Co Bimetallic Alloy for Photoreduction CO2
Authors: Kang Xiaofeng , He Zhizhong , Wang Feng , Liu Ya , Guo Liejin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEfficiently regulating reaction pathways for photoreduction CO2 to achieve required products is enormously strenuous. The design of active sites for CO2 adsorption, activation, and tuning of reaction pathways is pivotal to address this grand challenge. Herein, highly selective sites are developed for photoreduction CO2 to HCOOH and CO based on asymmetrically coupling different ratios of Ni and Co loaded on crystalline carbon nitride (CCN) by an alloying synthesis strategy, which is confirmed by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) imaging, X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra. In situ Fourier transform infrared spectra suggest that the key intermediate *OCHO to HCOOH pathway prefers to form on Ni sites, while *COOH to CO pathway tends to generate on Co sites, and the characteristic peaks intensity of the two key intermediates are stronger with the synergistic effects of NiCo bimetallic, further verified by the theory calculations. Accordingly, HCOOH with a selectivity of 98.5% (194.5 µmol g⁻1 h⁻1) or CO with a selectivity of 85.4% (144.8 µmol g−1 h−1) can be achieved on the optimized NixCoy alloy, under sacrificial agent‐free conditions.
Carbon Dots with Polycyclic Dipeptide Structure Surpass Natural Hydrolase Performance
Authors: Zhang Mengling , Wu Zeyu , Zhang Yan , Hu Tao , Li Wenwen , Huang Hui , Shao Mingwang , Liu Yang , Fan Xing , Kang Zhenhui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNature enzymes always suffer from high costs, harsh conditions, and instability, while, artificial one offers possibilities for addressing current challenges and plays a significant role in future industrial production. Here, the carbon dots (CDs), with well‐defined polycyclic dipeptide structures, are reported to exhibit superior hydrolase‐like catalytic performance beyond those of natural enzymes. Compared to natural lipase, the obtained CDs not only exhibit superior catalytic activity (2.85 times increase in Vm) but also have a broader range of substrate concentrations (0–8.0 mm) and substrate types (fatty ester, aromatic ester, phosphate ester), along with simpler catalytic conditions and superior stability. The highly efficient catalytic activity of CDs is attributed to the low activation energy of the reaction (Ea: 13.74 kJ mol−1) and strong adsorption to the substrates. The results of theoretical calculations and comparative experiments demonstrate that the adsorption sites of CDs are located on the nitrogen atoms of the polycyclic dipeptide. Furthermore, a membrane integrated with CDs (membrane‐catalyst) is constructed, through which the instantaneous hydrolysis of esters can be realized. This work provides new insight into the enzyme‐like catalytic mechanisms of CDs and offers a new approach to designing enzyme‐like materials with high performance.
Preferentially Stabilizing the Watershed Intermediates by Adsorbate‐adsorbate Interaction to Accelerate CO2 Electroreduction to Ethanol
Authors: Huang Pu , He Bingling , Dong Yuming , Zhou Jing , Xu Jing , Pan Chengsi , Lou Yang , Wang Yao , Zhang Ying , Huang Hongwen , Zhang Jiawei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractReturning CO2 to liquid ethanol powered by clean energy offers considerable economic benefits and contributes to reaching the goal of carbon neutrality, but it remains a formidable challenge to achieve high ethanol selectivity due to the inevitable strong competition among various pathways. Herein, an investigation is presented to accelerate CO2 electroreduction to ethanol via preferentially stabilizing the precarious watershed intermediates (*CHCOH) by creating strong adsorbate‐adsorbate interaction. The highly ordered CuOx nanoplates (HO‐CuOx NPLs) featuring abundant amorphous‐crystalline interface exhibit an exceptional ethanol Faradaic efficiency (FEEtOH) of 63.8% and an ethanol‐to‐ethylene ratio of 6.1 at a large ethanol partial current density (jethanol) of 232.8 mA cm−2. The findings decipher that abundant in‐between nanogaps in the amorphous‐crystalline interface enhance the adsorption of *OH, which can preferentially strengthen C─O bonds while weakening the Cu─C interaction of *CHCOH through adsorbate‐adsorbate interaction, thereby enabling a predilection for CO2 to ethanol conversion. Beyond an efficient ethanol‐oriented CO2RR electrocatalyst, the investigations provide an in‐depth understanding of adsorbate‐adsorbate interaction on key CO2RR steps and precise intermediates regulation, which can be extended to a range of energy conversion technologies.
Spontaneous Inflammation Resolution Inspired Nanoparticles Promote Neutrophil Apoptosis and Macrophage Efferocytosis for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Treatment
Authors: Wang Yi , Zhang Ling‐Feng , Zhang Jiao‐Jiao , Yu Si‐Si , Li Wen‐Ling , Zhou Tian‐Jiao , Xing Lei , Jeong Jee‐Heon , Jiang Hu‐Lin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDuring acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), delayed apoptosis of neutrophils and impaired efferocytosis of macrophages constitute two critical limiting steps, leading to secondary inflammatory storm and posing a significant threat to human health. However, due to the failure of previous single target‐centric treatments to effectively address these two limiting steps in controlling the inflammatory storm, no available therapies are approved for ARDS treatment. Herein, inspired by spontaneous inflammation resolution, two kinds of Apoptosis and Efferocytosis Restored Nanoparticles (AER NPs) are proposed to overcome these two limiting steps for counteracting severe inflammatory storm. For the first limiting step, neutrophil‐targeted apoptosis‐restored nanoparticles (AR NPs) accelerated the programmed apoptosis of inflammatory neutrophils. The resolution of the first limiting step facilitated the accumulation of macrophage‐targeted and efferocytosis‐restored nanoparticles (ER NPs), thereby restoring macrophage efferocytosis and alleviating the second limiting step. The results indicated that after sequential treatment with AER NPs, recruited neutrophils decreased to 13.86%, and macrophage efferocytosis increased to 563.24%. AER NPs promoted inflammation resolution and established a self‐healing virtuous loop by addressing the two limiting steps, ultimately effectively treating ARDS. This work suggests that a strategy inspired by inflammation resolution holds promise as a potential approach for advancing inflammation therapy.
Programmable DNA Hydrogels with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Cisplatin for Diagnosis and Treatment of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Dan , Liu Lin , Wang Gang Ping , Cheng Xi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study explores the potential of DNA hydrogels as a novel approach for diagnosing and treating Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). In the experiment, DNA hydrogels are synthesized and loaded with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and Cisplatin. In vitro experiments evaluated drug delivery efficacy and the effect on cancer cell viability. In vivo, studies used mice models to assess the therapeutic potential and antimicrobial activity of the DNA hydrogels. Results demonstrate that DNA hydrogels significantly improve the delivery of Cisplatin to cancer cells, potentially allowing for lower drug doses and reduced side effects. The combination of Cisplatin and ZnO NPs show the most potent antibacterial effect against bacterial strains associated with OSCC. Analysis indicates that ZnO NPs within the hydrogels improve the efficacy of contrast agents, facilitating earlier and more accurate tumor diagnosis. The findings highlight that DNA hydrogels loaded with therapeutic agents can enhance drug delivery and reduce side effects, while ZnO NPs improve tumor diagnosis. DNA hydrogels may represent a promising patient‐centric approach for more effective OSCC treatment.
Self‐Poled Bismuth Ferrite Thin Film Micromachined for Piezoelectric Ultrasound Transducers
Authors: Liu Tong , Yang Changhong , Si Jingxiang , Sun Wei , Su Daojian , Li Chenglong , Yuan Xiufang , Huang Shifeng , Cheng Xin , Cheng Zhenxiang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPiezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducers (pMUTs), especially those using lead‐free materials, are crucial next‐generation microdevices for precise actuation and sensing, driving advancements in medical, industrial, and environmental applications. Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) is emerging as a promising lead‐free piezoelectric material to replace Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 in pMUTs. Despite its potential, the integration of BiFeO3 thin films into pMUTs has been hindered by poling issues. Here, a BiFeO3 heterostructure compositionally downgraded with Gd doping is developed to introduce compressive strain, resulting in strong self‐poling. Utilizing a large‐area self‐poled thin film over an entire 6‐inch wafer, a pMUT with a 6 × 6 array at the device level is designed and evaluated. At a resonant frequency of 21 kHz, the dynamic vibration displacement can reach 24.0 nm. At 500 Hz, far below the resonant frequency of 21 kHz, the pMUT also displays sensitive converse piezoelectric response, even at a high temperature of 200 °C. This work represents a significant breakthrough in lead‐free BiFeO3 thin film for practical sensing applications, paving the way for the transformation of macro‐transducers into next‐generation functional microdevices.
Antifouling Immunomodulatory Copolymer Architectures That Inhibit the Fibrosis of Implants
Authors: Jeang William J. , Wong Bryan M. , Zhao Yichao , Manan Rajith S. , Jiang Alexis L. , Bose Suman , Collins Evan , McMullen Patrick , Rosenboom Jan‐Georg , Lathwal Sushil , Langer Robert , Anderson Daniel G. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractImmune reactions to medical implants often lead to encapsulation by fibrotic tissue and impaired device function. This process is thought to initiate by protein adsorption, which enables immune cells to attach and mount an inflammatory response. Previously, several antifibrotic materials have been either designed to reduce protein adsorption or discovered via high‐throughput screens (HTS) to favorably regulate inflammation. The present work introduces antifouling immunomodulatory (AIM) copolymer coatings, which combine both strategies to effectively enhance implant protection. AIM copolymers synergistically integrate zwitterionic moieties to resist protein fouling, HTS‐derived antifibrotics for immunomodulation, and silane monomers for grafting to diverse substrates including elastomers, ceramics, and metals. Interestingly, simply combining these monomers into conventional random or block copolymer architectures yielded no significant advantage over homopolymers. By contrast, an unusual polymer chain architecture — a zwitterionic block flanked by a mixed zwitterionic immunomodulatory segment — showed superior fibrosis resistance in both peritoneal and subcutaneous sites over one month in immunocompetent mice. This architecture also improved the performance of two different HTS‐derived antifibrotic monomers, suggesting that tailoring AIM architectures may broadly complement immunomodulatory chemistries and provide a versatile approach to improving implant longevity.
Birefringent Color Filter by Layered Metal‐Organic Chalcogenides: In‐Plane Anisotropy and Odd/Even Effect
Authors: Ye Zichao , Zhao Jie , Kang Kisung , McCormack Scott J. , Shao Yu‐Tsun , Efremov Mikhail Y. , Schleife André , Kriven Waltraud M. , Zuo Jian‐Min , Allen Leslie H. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAnisotropic 2D materials are gaining interest recently as building blocks for angular‐dependent optical/electrical devices. However, the fundamental understanding of their structure‐property‐relationship is limited, which hinders further modulation of their unique characteristics via structure tailoring. Here the in‐plane structural anisotropy and the tunable optical/electrical properties of a series of radiation‐sensitive (X‐ray, e‐beam) metal‐organic chalcogenide (MOC) single crystals are comprehensively revealed with ligands of variable length/parity. Their monoclinic crystallography is determined at atomic resolution by a simple method that couples X‐ray/electron diffraction with first‐principles calculations. The in‐plane inorganic backbone of the MOCs exhibits a strong lattice anisotropy with odd/even alternations, which originates from that of the out‐of‐plane organic motifs via organic/inorganic accommodation. Such structural anisotropy is implied mechanically by the preferred orientation of crystal cleavage. It triggers a maximum ≈8 × distinction of in‐plane electrical conductivity of the semiconducting MOCs, plus a distinct birefringence (maximum Δn ≈ 0.03) with a dispersive orientation of dielectric axes, which rotate up to 25.7° from UV to visible‐light regime, inspiring an emerging pathway for color filtering via single crystal rotation. Such in‐plane optical characteristics also exhibit odd/even alternation and can be flexibly tuned by the designable out‐of‐plane ligands.
Suppressing the Jahn‐Teller Effect in 0D Manganese‐Based Perovskite Derivatives for Transparent and Flexible Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Cai Yangyang , Yan Siyu , Du Xinran , Lin Tingting , Lin Yue‐jian , Qiu Longzhen , Wang Weizhi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe development of stable and deformation‐free crystal structures of perovskites and their derivatives are crucial for electroluminescent devices. In this article, a novel transparent manganese‐based perovskite derivative K4MnBr1.33Cl4.67 is synthesized with mixed halogens. For the unique octahedral crystal structure, the Jahn‐Teller distortion, typically present in such structures, is completely suppressed, resulting in high environmental stability of the luminescence spectrum. In transparent flexible devices, the peak current density, average external quantum efficiency on each side and maximum brightness is 45 mA cm−2, 4.9%, and 2800 cd m−2, respectively. The best half‐life of the LED reaches 10 h with a starting luminance of 100 cd m−2. As the first lead‐free transparent flexible perovskite derivative LED, it features an outstanding transparency of 76% and excellent flexibility with a luminescence intensity maintenance of 90% after 2000 bending cycles. This work shows that lead‐free manganese perovskite derivatives can provide a promising way to fabricate stable and high‐performance LEDs.
Fast‐Response and High‐Color‐Purity RGB Fluorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes for Visible Light Communication System
Authors: Jung Seo‐Hee , Lee Kyumi , Lee Hanbeen , Choi Rino , Lee Jeong‐Hwan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe integration of red, green, and blue (RGB) organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) is pursued to achieve a significant advancement in high‐speed visible light communication (VLC). With their rapid decay rates of less than a few nanoseconds, fluorescent emitters enable fast data transmission by facilitating prompt emission. Here, by implementing a top‐emitting architecture with a strong cavity, the spectral crosstalk among RGB colors is addressed by narrowing the spectra and enhancing the bandwidth of fluorescent OLEDs. Furthermore, a co‐emitter configuration improves the optoelectrical characteristics of OLEDs by improving horizontal transition dipole ratios and photoluminescence quantum yield. With fluorescent emitters exhibiting nanosecond‐level decay times, the proposed OLED platform achieves an order of magnitude increase in a −3 dB cut‐off frequency exceeding 1 MHz across all RGB channels compared to phosphorescent and thermally activated delayed fluorescent OLEDs. These findings underscore the potential of OLED technology to advance high‐speed visible light communication systems, paving the way for enhanced data transmission capabilities.
Correlative Super‐Resolution Imaging of Cellular Nanopores Facilitated by Transparent Polymer Waveguide Chips
Authors: Dutta Surjendu Bikash , Schürstedt‐Seher Jasmin Celine , Engdahl Anders Kokkvoll , Hübner Wolfgang , Belle Stefan , Szafranska Karolina , McCourt Peter , Hellmann Ralf , Schüttpelz Mark , Huser Thomas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSuper‐resolution optical microscopy (SRM) permits the visualization of subcellular structures of biological samples beyond the diffraction limit of light. To evaluate and utilize the specific strengths of each SRM technique a combined approach in the form of correlative super‐resolution imaging is essential. Here, the correlative SRM imaging of the ultrastructure of rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) across a large field of view (FOV) with 3D structured illumination microscopy (3D‐SIM) and single‐molecule localization microscopy (SMLM), facilitated by a transparent polymer photonic waveguide chip, is presented. This waveguide is not only used for chip‐based total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) excitation across a large FOV, but also enables the excitation and collection of single‐molecule fluorescence via the inverted microscope configuration. Furthermore, the structural design of the waveguides allows to identify and correlate sample positions across multiple microscopes. This correlative SIM and multi‐modality SMLM imaging provides a high throughput (FOV of ≈180 µm × 120 µm) method to analyze the structural morphology of LSECs with high spatial resolution (≈50 nm). Furthermore, waveguide chip‐based TIRF excitation also yields a significant reduction of background signals.
Single‐Threshold Amplified Spontaneous Emission in the Absence of Photon Gain in MAPbBr3 Planar Waveguides
Authors: Simbula Angelica , Pitzalis Federico , Pau Riccardo , Cadeddu Emanuele D. , Wu Luyan , Lai Stefano , Liu Fang , Matta Selene , Demontis Valeria , Marongiu Daniela , Pintus Paolo , Quochi Francesco , Saba Michele , Mura Andrea , Bongiovanni Giovanni 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMetal halide perovskites have emerged as promising materials for low‐threshold lasers, ideally suited for integrated optical circuits due to their easy fabrication, tunable wavelength, and seamless on‐chip integration. Exciton lasing, electron‐hole population inversion, polariton condensation and superfluorescence have been proposed to explain the low threshold. Fundamental to discriminate lasing mechanisms is the knowledge of the material's absorption/gain spectrum in the stimulated emission regime, a difficult experimental task in microcavities and metasurfaces. In this study, femtosecond tandem spectroscopy applied to MAPbBr3 planar waveguides enables the measurement of material absorption and gain spectra at any carrier density, as well as directly monitoring the matter component of hybrid excitations. Results demonstrate that stimulated emission always involves hybrid electron‐hole‐photon excitations in the absence of photon gain, even at the highest excitations when the exciton resonance is completely bleached, a characteristic almost unique in the landscape of photonic materials. Parameter‐free numerical simulations show that MAPbBr3 waveguides support electromagnetic modes with an exciton‐polariton‐like dispersion below the bandgap at all investigated carrier densities. These excitations combine the advantages of hybrid light‐matter states‐ namely, lower stimulated emission thresholds and higher nonlinearities‐ with the robustness of photon amplification, seamlessly extending potential applications from low to high carrier densities.