bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevage en eau recyclée du poisson-chat africain Clarias gariepinus au Bénin: historique et situation actuelle de la société Royal Fish SA du Benin.
Authors: Dandjinou Maurice 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Aquaculture, the cultivation of aquatic animal and plant organisms is a booming sector worldwide. The annual production of fish, crustaceans, molluscs and algae by aquaculture is estimated at 47% in 2006 according to the FAO, 2009. It is today the animal production showing the strongest growth (+ 8.7% per year since 1970 excluding China). Due to the depletion of wild stocks and the establishment of international fishing quotas, aquaculture must develop further to meet the growing global demand for fish and other aquatic organisms. In Benin, the fishing sector remains one of the poor relatives of the economy (2% of GDP - Proinvest 2002Agro-ind 2002) and fishermen (around 50,000) and fish wholesalers (around 20,000) mostly women are among the most deprived sections of the country. The fish production of water bodies continues to decrease despite the intensification of fishing (117 fishermen per km² against 9 in the sub-region: Source MAEP - State of play on Fishing) and the fish needs of the population continues to grow, hence the constant and massive importation of frozen fish by very powerful private companies. Large fish species (mostly catfish) are overexploited and have nowadays become very rare in the various fresh and brackish water fisheries of the country. As part of the diversification of the livelihoods of fishermen in order to sustainably reduce the pressure exerted on the water bodies, the current Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Livestock has provided in its program of activities to pay particular attention to the promotion of aquaculture production and the repopulation of overexploited water bodies in Benin. The company Royal Fish Benin SA, by choosing to first develop the culture of African catfish - Clarias gariepinus - is part of this dynamic encouraged by the State of Benin which aims to reduce poverty in Benin. Royal Fish Benin is a Beninese public limited company specializing in the production, breeding, sale of African catfish Clarias gariepinus in different forms: fry, fresh table fish, smoked fish etc. It also ensures the sale of high-performance, quality food at the best cost. Finally, it offers training courses for local actors and producers. Royal Fish Benin has a production capacity of around 220 tonnes of table fish and over 1,000,000 fingerlings. This innovative project began on April 21, 2008 and saw the first sales of table fish in September 2008. Today the results obtained allow us to conclude that the project exceeded its expectations in terms of production and distribution. However, it is still too early to comment on the economic viability of the company.
Wastewater-fed aquaculture systems in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam: status and trends.
Authors: Huynh Pham Viet Huy 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

There are currently eight types of wastewater-fed aquaculture (WFA) systems in Ho Chi Minh City: seed production, fish-livestock, fish-water mimosa, fish-lotus, rice-fish, fish-only, water spinach, and fish-water spinach. Some utilize wastewater efficiently as a nutrient source, while some others have to control carefully the intake of wastewater. WFA has attracted farmers on their own initiative. Although it provides a living for a significant number of urban farmers and plays important roles in farmers' livelihoods, it is now under threat from the process of economic development of the city. The impacts of urbanization on former WFA sites in inner city zone of district 6 and district 8 where it is disappearing rapidly indicate what is likely to happen to current WFA sites in the city. Urbanization has also created livelihood uncertainties for farmers. The attraction of high prices of land and the impacts of urbanization projects are the main constraints, resulting in the decline in WFA areas. Pollution from uncontrolled and dispersed industrialization is another threat for WFA.
Shrimp farming with pen enclosures in south Brazil.
Authors: Suplicy Felipe 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Native shrimp farming has been considered as an important alternative source of income for artisanal fishers and farmers in the Patos Lagoon estuary, southern Brazil. Considering the potential of estuarine areas for shrimp farming, the application of a low-cost structure to culture shrimp such as a pen is being proposed to complement capture fisheries and agriculture. From an economic standpoint, the use of pens has several advantages over a traditional pond-based culture system as land, water pumping and artificial aeration devices are not required. Relatively inexpensive materials may be employed for pen construction and running costs are minimized by the use of by-products from capture fishing to feed shrimps. These factors represent important points in lowering costs, which may turn small-scale shrimp farming into an economically feasible activity. Although this activity is in its initial stages of development, there is a strong tendency for the spread of this practice in coastal lagoons and estuaries in southern Brazil.
Seed production and grow-out of walking catfish (Clarias macrocephalus).
Authors: Pham Van Khanh 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Ponds for catfish broodstock range in size from 500 to 1,000 m2, with a depth of 1-1.2 m. The stocking density of broodstock ranges from 0.2 to 0.3 kg m-2. The catfish are fed with fresh feeds such as snails, small prawns and trash fish. Farm-made feeds are also used for feeding. In the artificial spawning process, the ripe eggs are obtained by gently pressing the abdomen of the gravid females. The testis from the male has to be taken out from the fish to fertilize the eggs. The fertilized eggs are spread on the surface of a net in running water for incubation and hatching will occur in 22-24 hours. Nursing from fry to fingerlings is carried out in earthen ponds, which range in size from 500 to 1,000 m2 at a density of 200-500 fish m-2. Natural feed is cultured in the pond before stocking the fry for nursing. Supplementary feed, which is homemade, is also given during the nursing period. The fish reach 3.5-5.0 cm after 25-30 days of nursing. For grow-out ponds that range in size from 500 to 1,000 m2, stocking density is from 25 to 30 fish m-2. The fish are fed with trash fish, small prawns, snails, slaughterhouse by-products and commercial feed pellets. Fish reach marketable size of 350-400 g, or above, after 7-8 months of culture.
Research on combined cage-in-pond culture systems for South-East Asia.
Authors: Diana James 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Submerging a cage within a pond and intensively feeding fish in the cage is one method of using the waste products from cage culture in semi-intensive pond culture. Using hybrid walking catfish, Clarias macrocephalus x C. gariepinus, in cages and Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, at large in ponds, treatments of one or two cages per pond produced better results than higher stocking densities. These treatments resulted in net fish yields as high as 56 tonnes ha-1 yr-1, and the most efficient system in terms of nutrient retention was using one cage per pond. The systems with one cage per pond delivered 3.7 kg of nitrogen (N) and 1.0 kg of phosphorus (P) ha-1 d-1, and retained 48% of the N added in fish, whereas two cages resulted in 34% N retention. For P, the results were 61 and 42% retained in fish, respectively. This aquaculture system resulted in some reduction in nutrient enrichment of ponds compared to feeding alone. A second series of experiments conducted using large Nile tilapia in cages, with small Nile tilapia in the pond, showed the best results when cages were stocked at 50 fish m-3 and the pond at 1.4 fish m-3. Survival was 98.8% for caged tilapia, which grew from 120 to 456 g in 90 days, with a net annual yield of 18 tonnes ha-1. Open-pond tilapia grew from 16 to 124 g with 92% survival and a net annual yield of 6.2 tonnes ha-1. The daily waste loading rate was approximately 1.7 kg of N and 0.37 kg of P ha-1, lower than the optimal fertilization rate proposed by CRSP experiments of 4 kg of N and 1 kg of P. Caged and pond fish accounted for about 50% of the N applied to the pond and about 60% of the P. The dynamics of oxygen, ammonium and plankton were evaluated against total loading rates for all culture combinations. Oxygen levels declined dramatically (about 75-100%) in all loading rates of ponds and never reached levels approaching zero decline in oxygen. N increased with increased loading density of fish and a level of zero change in ammonium would occur at a loading rate of about 0.8 kg m-3. Plankton dynamics showed similar results, and a fish loading rate with zero change in chlorophyll a should occur at a loading rate of about 0.3 kg m-3. These results indicate that it may be possible to reduce N and plankton contents in effluent water, but doing so would require loading rates that are not economically feasible.
Potential of mollusc culture in Bangladesh.
Authors: Matin A. K. M Abdul 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Development of mollusc culture as a livelihood option for rural coastal fisher folk in Bangladesh is now being considered. All the cultural requirements of molluscs are available in Bangladesh. It has been estimated that there are about 450 species of molluscs, but the two most commercially important species (green mussel, Perna viridis; oyster, Crassostrea sp.) have been chosen to assess their potential for aquaculture. The proposed site (St. Martin's Island) is most suitable for the species being considered. Although not locally consumed, molluscs have an international market. Resource personnel, skilled and semi-skilled as well as institutional facilities to implement mollusc culture are also present in the country. Therefore, it can firmly be stated that Bangladesh has great potential for mollusc culture.
Pangas pond culture in Bangladesh.
Authors: Huq Khandaker , Shafiq-ur-Rahman  
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Culture of indigenous pangas (Pangasius pangasius) started in 1945 in Khulna region and was dependent on natural fish fry. Exotic Thai pangas (Pangasius hypophthalmus, previously Pangasius sutchi) was introduced to Bangladesh in 1990 from Thailand by the Department of Fisheries. Induced breeding of Thai pangas was introduced by the Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute in 1993. Pangas is omnivorous. It can tolerate a wide range of physico-chemical parameters. The survival rate of Thai pangas is 85-95% with a production rate of 20-30 t ha-1 yr-1. Both mono and polyculture are practiced in Bangladesh. Recently, cage culture of pangas has been introduced.
Inland saline area shrimp and finfish farms in the Southern USA.
Authors: Treece Granvil , Adami Robert 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Mexico got started in inland brackish water shrimp culture in 1996 and reported 135 ha dedicated to inland culture by 2001. Jory et al. (2003) listed 28 inland farms in Mexico. Treece (2002) described six shrimp and finfish farms in West Texas, USA that utilized salt water trapped below the ground. The aquifer that the shrimp farms use in the Imperial area (Texas) is the Cenozoic Alluvium, water remaining from the Permian Sea. All farms draw from the same source. Salinity varies from 10 ppt to 15 ppt. There are no fresh water zones in that area, and no discharge water leaves any of the farms. This water is not used in any other form of agriculture on a large scale. All soils are basically red clay in the Pecos River Basin. The farms are utilizing 'organic culture' as much as possible and they all try to stay as natural as possible with the culture techniques, to better utilize niche markets. The original research and development project in West Texas started in 1972 when two gravel pit operators decided to stock the brackish water pits with red drum and marine shrimp. Inland shrimp farms were built in Texas in the 1980s, but none were sustainable until recently. Interest was renewed after a research project was conducted in Imperial, Texas by Texas A&M University, the Texas General Land Office and the Pecos County Water District #3 in 1992. Commercial operations began to build ponds in the Pecos and Ward county area in the Pecos River Delta. An example of a 26 hectare inland saline shrimp culture facility can be seen in Pictures (Permian Sea Shrimp Company in Imperial, Texas). Multiple ponds utilize a common drain and harvest area. The white spots on each pond are the result of paddlewheel aerators.
Inland pond culture in Israel.
Authors: Milstein Ana , Sarig Shmuel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Israel is located in a semi-arid zone and has no major rivers or underground freshwater sources. In spite of the climatic constraints and water shortage, aquaculture is highly developed. Freshwater pond fish culture is practiced in the northern part of the country, in low areas that once were swamps. This is an entrepreneurial activity that combines the ecological principles of the Chinese polyculture system with technologies and objectives (profit and dividends) of intensive industrial fish production systems. There has been a trend towards intensification as indicated by a decrease of available land for fish ponds and an increase in the yield per unit area. Automation, computerization and the use of high quality feeds, automatic feeders, aerators, harvesting devices of several types and heavy machinery allow high stocking densities (15,000-25,000 fish ha-1), yields of 8-15 t ha-1 year-1 using 5-8 m3 water kg-1 fish produced (depending on the degree of water recirculation between ponds), and saving labour that is an expensive resource in the country.
Institution and governance - PROSHIKA's role as a civil society organization in aquaculture.
Authors: Rahman Md. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

PROSHIKA is one of the largest non-government development organizations (NGOs) in Bangladesh. It is an acronym for three Bangla words, viz. proshikshan (training), shiksha (education) and kaj (action). Since its inception, PROSHIKA has made efforts to generate a participatory process of development and has succeeded in pioneering an approach that puts human development at the centre. The central ethos is human development and empowerment of the poor who gradually stand to achieve freedom from poverty themselves. The process is founded upon the understanding that poverty reduction and promotion of sustainable development are dependent on human and material capacity building of the poor to enable their socioeconomic and cultural empowerment. PROSHIKA implements an aquaculture programme through groups, federations and community-based organisations (CBOs) linked with government, national and international organisations and NGOs to promote access to water-bodies and to lobby with policy-makers for sustainable management of aquatic resources. PROSHIKA has enabled 256,000 men and women to directly benefit from the formation of private institutions undertaking policy development.
Harvesting and marketing of mud crab in Bangladesh.
Authors: Kamal Dipak 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

The mud crab (Scylla olivacea) is the brackish water resource with the most potential in Bangladesh after shrimp. It is widely distributed in coastal waters, including mangroves, tidal rivers and estuaries, and vast areas of traditional tide-fed shrimp ponds. The mud crab fishery is entirely capture-based and export-oriented with more than 50,000 persons involved in fishing, transportation, trading and export. The species is harvested from wild sources and black tiger shrimp ponds throughout coastal areas of Bangladesh using traditional craft and gear. Due to good price and high demand on the international market and absence of alternate income options for coastal communities, increased fishing intensity has already resulted in severe decline in natural stocks of mud crab over the last decade. Consequently, the catch per unit effort (CPUE) production and export earnings have also declined significantly over the past few years. To increase the natural stock of the resource, it is urgent to introduce both stock enhancement and aquaculture of mud crab in Bangladesh. Post harvest transportation and marketing also need to be improved to reduce high handling and transportation mortality (>30%) of harvested crabs.
Helping ourselves - the role of self-help groups in poverty alleviation through aquaculture.
Authors: Haylor Graham 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Self-help groups (SHGs) are ways for farmers and fishers, especially those who are poor, to come together and work together. They can be a useful entry point for outsiders, promote a supportive local environment, strengthen voices in decision-making and in negotiations with more powerful forces, increase the effectiveness of local actions, and provide easier access to micro-credit and other resources and services. This case study describes a rural aquaculture development context, in India, the development of SHGs and the concept of a 'one-stop aqua shop', set up and run by a federation of self-help groups in Kaipara village, West Bengal (a pilot state along with Jharkhand and Orissa). It outlines testing new ways to share information, as part of a series of revised procedures and institutional arrangements for service delivery recommended by farmers and fishers and prioritized by government, with support from the Department for International Development (DFID) Natural Resources Support Programme (NRSP) and the Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific (NACA) to the Support to Regional Aquatic Resources Management (STREAM) Initiative.
Grouper pond culture in Khanh Hoa, Vietnam.
Authors: Le Anh Tuan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

In Vietnam, pond culture of marine finfish including mullet, milkfish and seabass has been developed since the 1960s (Dao, 1996) and significant expansion took place in the early 1990s with the appearance of a live fish market. Groupers (Epinephelus akaara, E. bleekeri, E. coioides, E. fuscoguttatus, E. malabaricus, E. merra and E. sexfasciatus) are currently among the major cultured species. There are approximately 500 ha of coastal pond culture of marine finfish in Vietnam producing more than 1,000 t of products, mainly groupers with a farm gate value of more than VND100 billion (more than US$7 million) in 2003. Khanh Hoa, a province in the south of central Vietnam with an area of 5,258 km2 and a population of approximately 1 million, is one of major localities producing groupers in ponds with a total estimated production of 100 t in 2003. This case study reviews the current status of pond culture of groupers, and identifies major technical, economic and social constraints to further development in Khanh Hoa province as well as elsewhere.
GIS for land evaluation of watershed aquaculture development in Thainguyen, Vietnam.
Authors: Giap Dao Huy 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

This study was conducted in the Daitu district of Thainguyen, Vietnam during November 2001 to January 2003 to identify and estimate potential areas for aquaculture development in a watershed area by integrating socio-economic and environmental data into a geographical information system (GIS) database. Fourteen base layers were used for land evaluation and grouped into four main land use requirements for aquaculture namely: (1) potential for pond construction (slope, land use type, soil thickness and elevation); (2) soil quality (soil type, texture and pH); (3) water availability (distance to water, water sources and precipitation); and (4) geographical and socio-economic factors (population density, distances to roads, local markets and hatcheries). The study demonstrated the usefulness of GIS modelling to select suitable sites for the development of watershed ponds, and the importance of using the data as a tool for planners to develop strategic plans for aquaculture development. The study indicated that about 4.7% (2,725 ha) of the total land area of 57,618 ha in Daitu district was suitable for watershed pond aquaculture, compared to the existing 404 ha of watershed ponds.
Experiment on an integrated rice-fish polyculture system.
Authors: Salem Nhut 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

An experiment was carried out in Vietnam on an integrated rice-fish polyculture system with three species: common carp (Cyprinus carpio), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and silver barb (Barbonymus gonionotus). Agricultural by-products were used as supplementary feed at a rate of 2-3% total body weight of fish per day. The total fish yield (823 kg ha-1) and fish production (988 kg ha-1 yr-1) at 2 fish m-2 were significantly higher (p<0.05) than at 1 fish m-2 (453 kg ha-1 and 544 kg ha-1 yr-1, respectively). The cost : benefit ratio (1.80) and the cost : profit ratio (1.75) for farm household income at 1 fish m-2 were lower than at 2 fish m-2 (2.08 and 2.02, respectively). This system should be adopted by aquaculture extension programmes to improve rural farmers' income when the market prices for common carp, tilapia and silver barb are sufficiently high to obtain a benefit at the end of the culture cycle.
Culture techniques for Artemia biomass production in salt pans.
Authors: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh , Nguyen Van Hoa , Nguyen Thi Hong Van 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Culture techniques for Artemia biomass production in salt pans were studied successfully by Can Tho University and applied on a pilot-scale for several years. The productivity ranged from 0.7 to1 t wet weight ha-1 per month or 2 to 4 t ha-1 per crop (4 to 5 months culture period). In addition to live Artemia biomass, cysts were also harvested at 20 to 30 kg cyst wet weight ha-1 (yielding 30 to 50% of the cyst-oriented production). However, the biomass culture system is not yet well developed and its use is still limited in Vietnam, as its nutritional value is not that well understood, and there is a lack of necessary technology for processing, transporting and preservation of live Artemia.
Crop rotation with penaeid shrimp (Penaeus monodon).
Authors: Huq Khandaker , Rahman Shafiqur 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

In crop rotation different crops may be cultivated within the same year to rejuvenate the environment and reduce pests and diseases. Crop rotation in shrimp farming is not popular in Bangladesh as the shrimp bagda (Penaeus monodon) is much more profitable than growing rice or farming brackish water fish. In traditional and improved traditional farms, it is usual practice to stock seed and harvest shrimp year-round. Viral disease occurred in the 1990s and caused mass mortality of penaeid shrimp. To minimise the risk of disease, there is a need to apply crop rotation techniques of shrimp with rice and finfish on farms in coastal areas, as is carried out by some farmers. Shrimp culture is generally done in the dry season (February-June) when water salinity increases (>10ppt) and ceases in the rainy season (July-August) when salinity decreases (<5ppt) because of heavy rainfall. Depending on salinity, some farmers produce two crops. During February-June they produce shrimp and subsequently they produce rice or freshwater fish.
Carp seed transportation and distribution.
Authors: Hasan Mahmud 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Carp seed trading has become an important enterprise to make money for hatchery/nursery owners and seed traders, engaging more than 100,000 people in Bangladesh. Aquaculture, in particular carp production, has increased dramatically with the introduction of artificial propagation. The bottleneck of artificial propagation has been removed with successful induced breeding. Induced breeding has been introduced into Bangladesh in the 1980s and since then carp seed production and trading have increasingly become the driving force for the dramatic expansion of aquaculture. Private hatcheries/nurseries have been dominating by producing about 97% of the total seed production. As a result, carp seed trading has become an important entrepreneurship.