bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kia Manawaroa Kia Puawai: enduring Māori livelihoods
Authors: Harcourt Nichola , Awatere Shaun , Hyslop Jade , Taura Yvonne , Wilcox Mahuru , Taylor Lara , Rau Jonno , Timoti Puke 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNeoliberalism has failed us. Our waterways are contaminated, their mauri (life-force) has diminished; our economic growth is fast approaching environmental limits, almost 4000 of our indigenous plant and animal species are currently threatened with or at risk of extinction, and our biodiversity has declined significantly. Increasingly stringent regulations are being rolled out by policy makers to protect natural systems, but these are framed by Eurocentric measures and concepts. If we are to achieve our vision to improve the health of te taiao (the environment) and our people, we need to change the way that people interact with their environment from a position of extractive resource use to one of reciprocal exchange. Te Ao Māori (the Māori world view) thinking offers us a pathway forward to achieving sustainable livelihoods that enable both the natural world and humans to prosper. In this paper, we showcase the operationalisation of He Waka Taurua, a framework for collaborative partnership based on the dual elevation of both Te Ao Māori and western science knowledge systems, through a Māori agribusiness case study.
Experimental Methods to Enable High-Throughput Characterization of New Structural Materials
Authors: Ellendt Nils , Clausen Brigitte , Mensching Nicole , Meyer Daniel , Plump Christina , Sonnenberg Heike , Steinbacher Matthias , Toenjes Anastasiya 
Published: October 2021

AbstractData-driven methods for developing new structural materials require large databases to identify new materials from known process routes, the resulting microstructures, and their properties. Due to the high number of parameters for such process chains, this can only be achieved with methods that allow high sample throughputs. This paper presents the experimental approach of the "Farbige Zustände" method through a case study. Our approach features a high-temperature drop-on-demand droplet generator to produce spherical micro-samples, which are then heat-treated and subjected to various short-time characterizations, which yield a large number of physical, mechanical, technological, and electrochemical descriptors. In this work, we evaluate achievable throughput rates of this method resulting in material property descriptions per time unit. More than 6000 individual samples could be generated from different steels, heat-treated and characterized within 1 week. More than 90,000 descriptors were determined to specify the material profiles of the different alloys during this time. These descriptors are used to determine the material properties at macro-scale.
Longtime behaviour and bursting frequency, via a simple formula, of FitzHugh–Rinzel neurons
Authors: Rionero Salvatore 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe longtime behaviour of the FitzHugh–Rinzel (FHR) neurons and the transition to instability of the FHR steady states, are investigated. Criteria guaranteeing solutions boundedness, absorbing sets, in the energy phase space, existence and steady states instability via oscillatory bifurcations, are obtained. Denoting by $$ \lambda ^{3} + \sum\nolimits_{{k = 1}}^{3} {A_{k} } (R)\lambda ^{{3 - k}} = 0 $$

λ
3

+

∑

k
=
1

3

A
k

(
R
)

λ

3
-
k

=
0

, with R bifurcation parameter, the spectrum equation of a steady state $$m_0$$

m
0

, linearly asymptotically stable at certain value of R, the frequency f of an oscillatory destabilizing bifurcation (neuron bursting frequency), is shown to be $$ f=\displaystyle \frac{\sqrt{A_2(R_\mathrm{H})}}{2\pi } $$

f
=

A
2

(

R
H

)

2
π

with $$R_\mathrm{H}$$

R
H

location of R at which the bifurcation occurs. The instability coefficient power (ICP) (Rionero in Rend Fis Acc Lincei 31:985–997, 2020; Fluids 6(2):57, 2021) for the onset of oscillatory bifurcations, is introduced, proved and applied, in a new version.
Application of the method for prediction of the failure location and time based on monitoring of a slope using synthetic aperture radar
Authors: Zhang Yi-hai , Ma Hai-tao , Yu Zheng-xing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSynthetic aperture radar (SAR) technology has been widely used in landslide deformation monitoring in the past decade. It has the advantages of high monitoring accuracy, a wide range, and flexibility allowing all-weather continuous monitoring. The self-developed S-SAR synthetic aperture radar (slope radar) is the first completely domestic-made radar used in slope deformation monitoring equipment in China, and its performance and technical parameters are equal to or better than similar products made abroad. The characteristics of deformation data collected by S-SAR slope radar deployed in the front open pit mine are analyzed to further develop a spatio-temporal landslide prediction method which is applicable to the massive monitoring data within the monitoring range of slope radar. The intersection points of short-term moving average velocity curve and long-term moving average velocity curve of slope deformation, which are onset of acceleration (OOA) and termination of acceleration (TOA). When OOA occurs, the deformation will accelerate, and when TOA occurs, the deformation will tend to stabilize. The OOA can identify areas at risk in the monitored area before failure, so that the spatial position prediction of landslide early warning can be realized. Based on the assumptions of the inverse velocity method, a T-log (t) logarithmic model is established, and the updated monitoring data are corrected to approximate the time of failure, thus improving the accuracy of landslide location and time prediction. In an open-pit copper mine in Serbia, the accurate prediction of landslide location and time has been successfully applied, guaranteeing safe mining.
Petrography and origin of dedolomites of the Ordovician Majiagou formation in the southeastern Ordos Basin, China: implications for reservoir quality
Authors: Liu Lihong , Wang Chunlian , Huang Keke , Du Zhili 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDedolomites, the replacement of dolomite by calcite, are widely distributed in the Ordovician Majiagou Formation of the southeastern Ordos Basin, China, which critically affects reservoir quality throughout the region. Two types of dedolomites were recognized in the upper 100 m of the Majiagou Formation, namely brecciated dedolomite and crystalline dedolomite. The petrographic and geochemical data reveal that the investigated dedolomites are often associated with clay minerals and dissolution-collapse breccia, indicating their close relationship with erosional unconformities. The relative negative δ18O and δ13C values and relative high Fe, Mn contents of dedolomite with respect to corresponding dolomite are interpreted as being result from meteoric phreatic water involvement. The dedolomitization process related to subaerial exposure is conventionally interpreted to be formed by dolomite dissolution and calcite precipitation. The rhombic shape crystals in the brecciated dedolomite was formed by an Mg2+-loss process under evaporite solution conditions, which retain the rhombic shape of the dolomite. The crystalline dedolomites, however, were formed by dissolution/precipitation and recrystallization process to form medium to coarse calcite mosaic with very low intercrystalline porosity. The resulting fabrics are mainly controlled by the paleo-topography. The precursor dolomite of the crystalline dedolomite is primarily recrystallized mudstone, which is more soluble and favorable for calcite precipitation. The crystalline dedolomite mostly occurs in the low paleotopographic locations, where the karst-saturated water with respect to CaCO3 is more concentrated, occluding the remaining porosity when excess calcium is supplied. It’s, therefore, recommended to implement drilling in tectonic highland and avoid low paleotopographic locations.
Frontiers of protected areas versus forest exploitation: Assessing habitat network functionality in 16 case study regions globally
Authors: Angelstam Per , Albulescu Andra-Cosmina , Andrianambinina Ollier Duranton F. , Aszalós Réka , Borovichev Eugene , Cardona Walter Cano , Dobrynin Denis , Fedoriak Mariia , Firm Dejan , Hunter Malcolm L. , de Jong Wil , Lindenmayer David , Manton Michael , Monge Juan J. , Mezei Pavel , Michailova Galina , Brenes Carlos L. Muñoz , Pastur Guillermo Martínez , Petrova Olga V. , Petrov Victor , Pokorny Benny , Rafanoharana Serge C. , Rosas Yamina Micaela , Seymour Bob Robert , Waeber Patrick O. , Wilmé Lucienne , Yamelynets Taras , Zlatanov Tzvetan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractExploitation of natural forests forms expanding frontiers. Simultaneously, protected area frontiers aim at maintaining functional habitat networks. To assess net effects of these frontiers, we examined 16 case study areas on five continents. We (1) mapped protected area instruments, (2) assessed their effectiveness, (3) mapped policy implementation tools, and (4) effects on protected areas originating from their surroundings. Results are given as follows: (1) conservation instruments covered 3–77%, (2) effectiveness of habitat networks depended on representativeness, habitat quality, functional connectivity, resource extraction in protected areas, time for landscape restoration, “paper parks”, “fortress conservation”, and data access, (3) regulatory policy instruments dominated over economic and informational, (4) negative matrix effects dominated over positive ones (protective forests, buffer zones, inaccessibility), which were restricted to former USSR and Costa Rica. Despite evidence-based knowledge about conservation targets, the importance of spatial segregation of conservation and use, and traditional knowledge, the trajectories for biodiversity conservation were generally negative.
A Probabilistic Particle Tracking Framework for Guided and Brownian Motion Systems with High Particle Densities
Authors: Herzog Sebastian , Schiepel Daniel , Guido Isabella , Barta Robin , Wagner Claus 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a new framework for particle tracking based on a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM). It is an extension of the state-of-the-art iterative reconstruction of individual particles by a continuous modeling of the particle trajectories considering the position and velocity as coupled quantities. The proposed approach includes an initialization and a processing step. In the first step, the velocities at the initial points are determined after iterative reconstruction of individual particles of the first four images to be able to generate the tracks between these initial points. From there on, the tracks are extended in the processing step by searching for and including new points obtained from consecutive images based on continuous modeling of the particle trajectories with a Gaussian Mixture Model. The presented tracking procedure allows to extend existing trajectories interactively with low computing effort and to store them in a compact representation using little memory space. To demonstrate the performance and the functionality of this new particle tracking approach, it is successfully applied to a synthetic turbulent pipe flow, to the problem of observing particles corresponding to a Brownian motion (e.g., motion of cells), as well as to problems where the motion is guided by boundary forces, e.g., in the case of particle tracking velocimetry of turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard convection.
Nonadiabatic quantum dynamics of the coherent excited state intramolecular proton transfer of 10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinoline
Authors: Picconi David 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The photoinduced nonadiabatic dynamics of the enol-keto isomerization of 10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinoline (HBQ) are studied computationally using high-dimensional quantum dynamics. The simulations are based on a diabatic vibronic coupling Hamiltonian, which includes the two lowest $$\pi \pi ^*$$

π

π
∗

excited states and a $$n\pi ^*$$

n

π
∗

state, which has high energy in the Franck–Condon zone, but significantly stabilizes upon excited state intramolecular proton transfer. A procedure, applicable to large classes of excited state proton transfer reactions, is presented to parametrize this model using potential energies, forces and force constants, which, in this case, are obtained by time-dependent density functional theory. The wave packet calculations predict a time scale of 10–15 fs for the photoreaction, and reproduce the time constants and the coherent oscillations observed in time-resolved spectroscopic studies performed on HBQ. In contrast to the interpretation given to the most recent experiments, it is found that the reaction initiated by $$1\pi \pi ^* \longleftarrow S_0$$

1
π

π
∗

⟵

S
0

photoexcitation proceeds essentially on a single potential energy surface, and the observed coherences bear signatures of Duschinsky mode-mixing along the reaction path. The dynamics after the $$2\pi \pi ^* \longleftarrow S_0$$

2
π

π
∗

⟵

S
0

excitation are instead nonadiabatic, and the $$n\pi ^*$$

n

π
∗

state plays a major role in the relaxation process. The simulations suggest a mainly active role of the proton in the isomerization, rather than a passive migration assisted by the vibrations of the benzoquinoline backbone.

Graphic Abstract
Seasonality of Response to Millennial‐Scale Climate Events of the Last Glacial: Evidence From Loess Records Over Mid‐Latitude Asia
Authors: Fan Yijiao , Jia Jia , Xia Dunsheng , Meadows Michael , Wang Zhiyuan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAlthough difficult to resolve, seasonality is an important element in considering paleoenvironmental records and simulated results, and it is therefore critical to address this shortcoming in order to develop more accurate reconstructions of past climate. In this study, climatic proxies with seasonal implications (magnetic susceptibility and mean grain size) are analyzed for several high‐resolution loess sections from mid‐latitude Asia using the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) to detect their response to millennial‐scale oscillations during the last glaciation. In so doing, we are capable to estimate the amplitude and relative contribution of the reconstructed climate components. Combined with an analysis of modern processes, magnetic susceptibility (χ) can be interpreted as representing summer and spring precipitation, while mean grain size (Mz) can be interpreted as representing spring and summer dust activity in the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) and southern central Asia (SCA), respectively. Our results show that the spring and summer signals are clearly correlated with Heinrich events, but that the spring signal is more prominent than the summer signal during Dansgaard‐Oeschger (D‐O) oscillations of the last glacial. These results are consistent with modeled simulations. It is proposed that weakening or complete shutdown of AMOC influences the response of seasonal signals to abrupt climate events. The study highlights the need for further high‐resolution climate proxies with robust seasonality indicators in order to develop a deeper understanding of the response of mid‐latitude Asia to rapid climate events.
The Effect of Fore‐Arc Deformation on Shallow Earthquake Rupture Behavior in the Cascadia Subduction Zone
Authors: Aslam Khurram S. , Thomas Amanda M. , Melgar Diego 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWithin the fore‐arc of the Cascadia Subduction Zone, there are significant along‐strike differences in the orientation of splay faults, sediment consolidation, and fault roughness. Here, we use dynamic rupture simulations of megathrust earthquakes on different realizations of a fault system that incorporate fore‐arc properties representative of offshore Oregon and Washington to estimate how splay faults may behave in future megathrust earthquakes in Cascadia. While splay faults were activated in all of our simulations, splay orientation is a primary control on slip amplitude. Seaward vergent faults accommodate significant amounts of slip resulting in large seafloor uplift and significantly larger tsunami amplitudes. For example, our median tsunami heights including splay faults are about a factor of two larger than those that did not include splay fault deformation. We suggest that there is an urgent need to revisit existing approaches to tsunami hazard assessment in Cascadia to include the influence of splay faults.
Positive Zeta Potential in Sandstones Saturated With Natural Saline Brine
Authors: Alarouj Mutlaq , Collini Harry , Jackson Matthew D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIt is widely accepted that the zeta potential in natural sandstones is negative in the brine pH and compositions found in the subsurface. The zeta potential is a measure of the electrical potential at a mineral surface. We report new measurements of the zeta potential using a saline natural brine rich in divalent ions. The sandstone samples were quartz dominated but some also contained dolomite, siderite, and clay minerals. The quartz‐dominated sandstones showed behavior consistent with earlier studies, but the dolomite‐ and siderite‐bearing samples returned positive zeta potentials. We suggest that this is caused by a positive zeta potential on dolomite and siderite mineral surfaces, adsorption of divalent ions onto quartz mineral surfaces, and/or ion exchange with clay minerals. The results have broad implications for the zeta potential of natural sandstones, because the magnitude and polarity of the zeta potential impact geophysical monitoring and the transport of the charged contaminants.
Differences Between Present‐Day and Cretaceous Hydrological Cycle Responses to Rising CO2 Concentration
Authors: Higuchi Taro , Abe‐Ouchi Ayako , Chan Wing‐Le 
Published: October 2021

AbstractClimate model simulations have suggested that, in East Asia, the mean precipitation increases with global warming, leading to more humid conditions. In contrast, Cretaceous proxy data show an aridification in the low latitudes of East Asia during the mid‐Cretaceous when CO2 levels were higher and the climate was relatively warmer compared to the early and late Cretaceous. We conducted simulations of the Present‐day and Cretaceous climates with different CO2 levels using an atmosphere‐ocean general circulation model, MIROC4m, to investigate the hydrological cycle changes as CO2 is increased. The results show that the responses of the hydrological cycle in East Asia for the Present‐day and Cretaceous experiments are the exact opposite; an increase in the Present‐day, and a decrease in the Cretaceous, as geological evidence shows. Overall, the opposite response in the Cretaceous is attributed to a weaker summer atmospheric circulation, associated with the absence of the Tibetan Plateau.
Parameterizing Eddy Transport of Biogeochemical Tracers
Authors: Prend Channing J. , Flierl Glenn R. , Smith Katherine M. , Kaminski Alexis K. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe distribution of oceanic biogeochemical tracers is fundamentally tied to physical dynamics at and below the mesoscale. Since global climate models rarely resolve those scales, turbulent transport is parameterized in terms of the large‐scale gradients in the mean tracer distribution and the physical fields. Here, we demonstrate that this form of the eddy flux is not necessarily appropriate for reactive tracers, such as nutrients and phytoplankton. In an idealized nutrient‐phytoplankton system, we show that the eddy flux of one tracer should depend on the gradients of itself and the other. For certain parameter regimes, incorporating cross‐diffusion can significantly improve the representation of both phytoplankton and nutrient eddy fluxes. We also show that the efficacy of eddy diffusion parameterizations requires timescale separation between the flow and reactions. This result has ramifications for parameterizing subgrid scale biogeochemistry in more complex ocean models since many biological processes have comparable timescales to submesoscale motions.
Subdivision of Seismicity Beneath the Summit Region of Kilauea Volcano: Implications for the Preparation Process of the 2018 Eruption
Authors: Cui Xin , Li Zefeng , Huang Hui 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLong‐period (LP), hybrid, and volcano‐tectonic (VT) seismicity are important indicators for tracking the evolution of volcanic processes. Here, we propose an unsupervised learning method to classify 5,949 seismic events in Kilauea volcano, Hawai'i, during a 4‐month period before the collapse of Pu'u’ O'o on April 30, 2018. The LPs and hybrids exhibit three major episodes, which progressively intensified and had increasing shallow events toward the eruption. The most intense episode starting 3 weeks before eruption coincides with changes in near‐caldera deformation and lava lake elevation in Halema'uma'u, serving as possible immediate precursors. However, the first two episodes imply magma migration was already active months prior to the eruption. The spatiotemporal patterns of abundant hybrids reveal that they are associated with magma movement but mixed with shear‐failure or near‐surface resonance. Our results provide useful constraints on the magmatic processes in the preparation phase of the Kilauea eruption in 2018.
Melting of Iron Explored by Electrical Resistance Jump up to 135 GPa
Authors: Hou Mingqiang , Liu Jin , Zhang Youjun , Du Xueyan , Dong Hongliang , Yan Limin , Wang Junyue , Wang Lin , Chen Bin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe melting temperature (Tm) of iron at megabar pressures constrains the Earth's core temperature structure and dynamics. Previous experimental studies demonstrated large discrepancies in Tm at high pressures. We used the intrinsic resistance discontinuity across solid‐liquid transition as a melting criterion to study the melting behavior of iron in laser‐heated diamond anvil cells. The resistance jump is sensitive to the incipient melting, capable of detecting the emergence of less than 2 vol.% melts. We found a high melting curve of iron at 30–135 GPa, but a relatively low‐transition temperature of the slow‐fast recrystallization. The determined Tm of iron is 4306(±300) K at the core‐mantle boundary (CMB) pressure in good agreement with the static and shockwave experimental results by Anzellini et al. (2013, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1233514) and Li et al. (2020, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020gl087758). The high melting point of iron implies a high and steep geothermal gradient and influences a heat flow across the CMB.
Can Current Hyperspectral Infrared Sounders Capture the Small Scale Atmospheric Water Vapor Spatial Variations?
Authors: Di Di , Li Jun , Li Zhenglong , Li Jinlong , Schmit Timothy J. , Menzel W. Paul 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSevere storms are often associated with high temporal and spatial variations in atmospheric moisture deviation. Satellite‐based hyperspectral IR sounders are widely used for weather forecasting and data assimilation in numerical weather prediction. Current infrared (IR) sounders have spatial resolutions ranging from 12 to 16 km, with future sounders improved to 4–8 km. It is important to understand if measurements from the current and future IR sounders can capture small‐scale atmospheric moisture variations, especially during mesoscale weather events. Using measurements from three Advanced Himawari Imager moisture absorption bands, different sounder resolutions are simulated for sub‐footprint moisture variation analysis. Current sounders are limited when attempting to capture small‐scale moisture variations, especially over land and in the pre‐convection environment. In contrast, future sounders such as the InfraRed Sounder with 4 km resolution can better capture such small‐scale variations. In addition, the higher spatial resolution IR sounders provide more clear sky observations for applications.