bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin-converting enzyme polymorphisms AND Alzheimer’s disease susceptibility: An updated meta-analysis
Authors: Xin Xiao-Yu , Lai Ze-Hua , Ding Kai-Qi , Zeng Li-Li , Ma Jian-Fang 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundMany studies among different ethnic populations suggested that angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphisms were associated with susceptibility to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the results remained inconclusive. In the present meta-analysis, we aimed to clarify the effect of ACE polymorphisms on AD risk using all available relevant data.MethodsSystemic literature searches were performed using PubMed, Embase, Alzgene and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Relevant data were abstracted according to predefined criteria.ResultsTotally, 82 independent cohorts from 65 studies were included, focusing on five candidate polymorphisms. For rs1799752 polymorphism, in overall analyses, the insertion (I)allele conferred increased risk to AD compared to the deletion (D)allele (Ivs.D: OR = 1.091, 95% CI = 1.007–1.181,p= 0.032); while theIcarriers showed increased AD susceptibility compared with theDhomozygotes (II+IDvs.DD: OR = 1.131, 95% CI = 1.008–1.270,p= 0.036). However, none of the positive results passed FDR adjustment. In subgroup analysis restricted to late-onset individuals, the associations between rs1799752 polymorphism and AD risk were identified using allelic comparison (OR = 1.154, 95% CI = 1.028–1.295,p= 0.015, FDR = 0.020), homozygotes comparison, dominant model and recessive model (IIvs.ID+DD: OR = 1.272, 95% CI = 1.120–1.444,p< 0.001, FDR < 0.001). Nevertheless, no significant association could be revealed after excluding studies not in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). In North Europeans, but not in East Asians, theIallele demonstrated increased AD susceptibility compared to theDallele (OR = 1.096, 95% CI = 1.021–1.178,p= 0.012, FDR = 0.039). After excluding HWE-deviated cohorts, significant associations were also revealed under homozygotes comparison, additive model (IDvs.DD: OR = 1.266, 95% CI = 1.045–1.534,p= 0.016, FDR = 0.024) and dominant model (II+IDvs.DD: OR = 1.197, 95% CI = 1.062–1.350,p= 0.003, FDR = 0.018) in North Europeans. With regard to rs1800764 polymorphism, significant associations were identified particularly in subgroup of European descent under allelic comparison (Tvs.C: OR = 1.063, 95% CI = 1.008–1.120,p= 0.023, FDR = 0.046), additive model and dominant model (TT+TCvs.CC: OR = 1.116, 95% CI = 1.018–1.222,p= 0.019, FDR = 0.046). But after excluding studies not satisfying HWE, all these associations disappeared. No significant associations were detected for rs4343, rs4291 and rs4309 polymorphisms in any genetic model.ConclusionsOur results suggested the significant but modest associations between rs1799752 polymorphism and risk to AD in North Europeans. While rs4343, rs4291 and rs4309 polymorphisms are unlikely to be major factors in AD development in our research.
Fiber in Broiler Feed: Its Effect on Performance, Gastro-intestinal Tract, and Microbial Profile
Authors: Nursiam Intan , Ridla Muhammad , Nahrowi Nahrowi , Hermana Widya 
Published: November 2021

<p>In AGP ban era, addition of a fiber source in broiler feed improves the performance and development of the gastrointestinal tract. This paper aims to describe the differences in fiber analysis methods and the effect of fiber source addition on growth, development of the gastrointestinal tract, and microbiota profile in the digestive tract of broilers. Oat hulls, sugar beet pulp, rice hulls, pea hulls, sunflower hulls, wheat bran, and wood have been tested as fiber source in broiler feed. The effectiveness of fiber in increasing growth performance and stimulating the development of the gastrointestinal tract were influenced by the physico-chemical properties, level of addition, particle size, and fraction composition of the fiber source. Exploration of local fiber sources from Indonesia, which can have ability to increase growth performance and gastrointestinal tract development of broilers is needed to support food security in the future.</p>
Coupling theK-nearest neighbors and locally weighted linear regression with ensemble Kalman filter for data-driven data assimilation
Authors: Fan Manhong , Bai Yulong , Wang Lili , Tang Lihong , Ding Lin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMachine learning-based data-driven methods are increasingly being used to extract structures and essences from the ever-increasing pool of geoscience-related big data, which are often used in relation to the atmosphere, oceans, and land surfaces. This study focuses on applying a data-driven forecast model to the classical ensemble Kalman filter process to reconstruct, analyze, and elucidate the model. In this study, a nonparametric sampler from a catalog of historical datasets, namely, a nearest neighbor or analog sampler, is given by numerical simulations. Based on this catalog (sampler), the dynamics physics model is reconstructed using theK-nearest neighbors algorithm. The optimal values of the surrogate model are found, and the forecast step is performed using locally weighted linear regression. Several numerical experiments carried out using the Lorenz-63 and Lorenz-96 models demonstrate that the proposed approach performs as good as the ensemble Kalman filter for larger catalog sizes. This approach is restricted to the ensemble Kalman filter form. However, the basic strategy is not restricted to any particular version of the Kalman filter. It is found that this combined approach can outperform the generally used sequential data assimilation approach when the size of the catalog is substantially large.
Crystal structure of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-(4-methoxybenzylidene)cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one, C22H28O2
Authors: Guo Wei , Zhai Pengda , Bai Xiaofan , Li Nan , Wu Haixia , Zhang Zhihui , He Jingyu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
C22H28O2, orthorhombic, Pna21 (No. 33), a = 12.0841(9) Å, b = 16.6946(12) Å, c = 9.3837(8) Å, β = 90°, V = 1893.1(3) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0497, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1057, T = 220 K.
Approved and marketed nanoparticles for disease targeting and applications in COVID-19
Authors: Abdellatif Ahmed A. H. , Alsowinea Abdullah Fahad 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNano-based systems can be used to transport active medicinal products to specific parts of the body. Most challenges with drug delivery, such as low water solubility and poor bioavailability, can be solved using nanotechnology. In addition, nanoparticles can overcome various physiological obstacles to increase load distribution to desired sites. Nanoparticles can carry a load of medication or therapeutic agent, such as a DNA-related substance, to enhance distribution time and deliver the drug to the target site in either a nonspecific (through enhanced permeability and retention (EPR)) or specific (through binding specific target receptors) manner. Moreover, nanoparticle drug delivery systems have been employed in the clinic since the early 1990s. Since then, the field of nanomedicine has developed with growing technical needs to improve the delivery of various medications. Over these past decades, newer generations of nanoparticles have emerged that are capable of conducting new delivery activities that could enable therapyviainnovative therapeutic modalities. This review highlights different types of approved and currently marketed nanoparticles, such as nanocrystals, liposomes, lipid nanoparticles, PEGylated polymeric nanoparticles, protein-based nanoparticles, and metal-based nanoparticles. Furthermore, it explores the use of vaccine-loaded nanoparticles for COVID-19 prophylaxis.
Chemical and algological composition of the snow cover at the mouth of the Onega river (White Sea basin)
Authors: Kotova Ekaterina I. , Topchaya Victoria Yu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the study, the content and speciation of Mn, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr, Ni, Co, Cu, and Fe in the snow cover at the mouth of the Onega river (White Sea basin) at the end of the winter periods in 2018, 2019 and 2020 were determined. Winter 2019 year was the snowiest, as the maximum values of the snow cover depth and water equivalent were almost two times higher than in all other years. The total content of suspended matter in the snow cover was 0.2–5.5 μg/L. Increased concentrations of suspended solids were identified near highways. Mn, Cr and Ni were present in the snow cover mainly in their dissolved form, while Fe, Pb and Co were mostly contained as solids. The algological composition of the snow cover was also studied.
A Laboratory Investigation into the Polishing Behavior of Stone Matrix Asphalt with Different Lithology Types of Coarse Aggregates
Authors: Miao Yinghao , Wang Sudi , Sun Fengyan , Yang Jun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Skid resistance durability is an important aspect of pavement durability. A full understanding of pavement polishing behavior is helpful to make improvement in material design to obtain better skid resistance durability. In this paper, the polishing behavior of stone matrix asphalt (SMA) with basalt, red sandstone, and limestone coarse aggregate, respectively, was investigated by a series of laboratory polishing tests. A British pendulum tester, a handheld three-dimensional (3D) laser scanner, and an interference principle based 3D optical microscope were employed to acquire the British pendulum number, 3D macrotexture, and 3D microtexture data, respectively. The test results show that the coarse aggregate lithology has significant influence on the wear behavior of macrotexture. No statistically significant microtexture degradation was recognized in the polishing tests for all the SMA mixtures with different lithology types of coarse aggregates. The skid resistance significantly changes due to polishing, and the skid resistance capability and degradation behavior are closely related to the coarse aggregate lithology. The selection of coarse aggregate lithology is important in SMA mixture design for achieving high polishing resistance. Among the three lithology types of coarse aggregates considered in this study, the basalt coarse aggregate can bring the best polishing resistance, followed by the red sandstone, which can bring similar performance to the basalt can do. The polishing resistance brought by limestone coarse aggregate is relatively low. The findings and conclusions enhance the understanding of the polishing behavior of SMA, which is helpful to improve the skid resistance of asphalt pavement in practice.
Repeated Administration of 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin (HPβCD) Attenuates the Chronic Inflammatory Response to Experimental Stroke
Authors: Becktel Danielle A. , Zbesko Jacob C. , Frye Jennifer B. , Chung Amanda G. , Hayes Megan , Calderon Kylie , Grover Jeffrey W. , Li Anna , Garcia Frankie G. , Tavera-Garcia Marco A. , Schnellmann Rick G. , Wu Hsin-Jung Joyce , Nguyen Thuy-Vi V. , Doyle Kristian P. 
Published: November 2021

Globally, more than 67 million people are living with the effects of ischemic stroke. Importantly, many stroke survivors develop a chronic inflammatory response that may contribute to cognitive impairment, a common and debilitating sequela of stroke that is insufficiently studied and currently untreatable. 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) is an FDA-approved cyclic oligosaccharide that can solubilize and entrap lipophilic substances. The goal of the present study was to determine whether the repeated administration of HPβCD curtails the chronic inflammatory response to stroke by reducing lipid accumulation within stroke infarcts in a distal middle cerebral artery occlusion mouse model of stroke. To achieve this goal, we subcutaneously injected young adult and aged male mice with vehicle or HPβCD 3 times per week, with treatment beginning 1 week after stroke. We evaluated mice at 7 weeks following stroke using immunostaining, RNA sequencing, lipidomic, and behavioral analyses. Chronic stroke infarct and peri-infarct regions of HPβCD-treated mice were characterized by an upregulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism and a downregulation of genes involved in innate and adaptive immunity, reactive astrogliosis, and chemotaxis. Correspondingly, HPβCD reduced the accumulation of lipid droplets, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and plasma cells in stroke infarcts. Repeated administration of HPβCD also preserved NeuN immunoreactivity in the striatum and thalamus and c-Fos immunoreactivity in hippocampal regions. Additionally, HPβCD improved recovery through the protection of hippocampal-dependent spatial working memory and reduction of impulsivity. These results indicate that systemic HPβCD treatment following stroke attenuates chronic inflammation and secondary neurodegeneration and prevents poststroke cognitive decline.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDementia is a common and debilitating sequela of stroke. Currently, there are no available treatments for poststroke dementia. Our study shows that lipid metabolism is disrupted in chronic stroke infarcts, which causes an accumulation of uncleared lipid debris and correlates with a chronic inflammatory response. To our knowledge, these substantial changes in lipid homeostasis have not been previously recognized or investigated in the context of ischemic stroke. We also provide a proof of principle that solubilizing and entrapping lipophilic substances using HPβCD could be an effective strategy for treating chronic inflammation after stroke and other CNS injuries. We propose that using HPβCD for the prevention of poststroke dementia could improve recovery and increase long-term quality of life in stroke sufferers.
Embryonic Pericytes Promote Microglial Homeostasis and Their Effects on Neural Progenitors in the Developing Cerebral Cortex
Authors: Hattori Yuki , Itoh Haruka , Tsugawa Yoji , Nishida Yusuke , Kurata Kaori , Uemura Akiyoshi , Miyata Takaki 
Published: November 2021

Multifaceted microglial functions in the developing brain, such as promoting the differentiation of neural progenitors and contributing to the positioning and survival of neurons, have been progressively revealed. Although previous studies have noted the relationship between vascular endothelial cells and microglia in the developing brain, little attention has been given to the importance of pericytes, the mural cells surrounding endothelial cells. In this study, we attempted to dissect the role of pericytes in microglial distribution and function in developing mouse brains. Our immunohistochemical analysis showed that approximately half of the microglia attached to capillaries in the cerebral walls. Notably, a magnified observation of the position of microglia, vascular endothelial cells and pericytes demonstrated that microglia were preferentially associated with pericytes that covered 79.8% of the total capillary surface area. Throughin vivopericyte depletion induced by the intraventricular administration of a neutralizing antibody against platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)β (clone APB5), we found that microglial density was markedly decreased compared with that in control antibody-treated brains because of their low proliferative capacity. Moreover,in vitrococulture of isolated CD11b+microglia and NG2+PDGFRα–cells, which are mostly composed of pericytes, from parenchymal cells indicated that pericytes promote microglial proliferation via the production of soluble factors. Furthermore, pericyte depletion by APB5 treatment resulted in a failure of microglia to promote the differentiation of neural stem cells into intermediate progenitors. Taken together, our findings suggest that pericytes facilitate microglial homeostasis in the developing brains, thereby indirectly supporting microglial effects on neural progenitors.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study highlights the novel effect of pericytes on microglia in the developing mouse brain. Through multiple analyses using anin vivopericyte depletion mouse model and anin vitrococulture study of isolated pericytes and microglia from parenchymal cells, we demonstrated that pericytes contribute to microglial proliferation and support microglia in efficiently promoting the differentiation of neural stem cells into intermediate progenitors. Our present data provide evidence that pericytes function not only in the maintenance of cerebral microcirculation and blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity but also in microglial homeostasis in the developing cerebral walls. These findings will expand our knowledge and help elucidate the mechanism of brain development both in healthy and disease conditions.
Alfabetización en salud en la comunidad
Authors: Juvinyà-Canal Dolors 
Published: November 2021

Este articulo trata sobre la alfabetización en salud en la comunidad. En primer lugar se clarifica que se entiende la salud como un derecho de todos los seres humanos y tiene que ser sostenida por la sociedad. Se introduce la promoción de la salud como enfoque teniendo en cuenta que se define como un proceso que permite a las personas incrementar el control sobre su salud y la importancia de la alfabetización en salud como uno de los pilares básicos.
Se desarrolla el concepto de alfabetización en salud a partir de múltiples definiciones, se revisan algunas por su significación y se recogen tres elementos claves a partir del análisis de la mayoría de ellas. Se reconoce que el concepto es multidimensional, complejo y heterogéneo. Se recopilan los conocimientos sobre el tema a partir de los estudios realizados.
Se presentan algunos de los instrumentos para la medida de la alfabetización en salud.
Por su relevancia en el contexto europeo se presenta el modelo de Sorensen y su desarrollo en el cuestionario European Health Literacy Survey que permitió conocer el nivel de alfabetización en salud en ocho países europeos.
Finalmente se introducen los entornos saludables como estrategia para facilitar la alfabetización en salud de las personas en la comunidad y se comentan los aspectos más relevantes de cada uno de ellos.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL BIOTEKNOLOGI BERORIENTASI KEWIRAUSAHAAN GUNA MENINGKATKAN MINAT ENTERPREUNER SISWA SMA/MA
Authors: Aqil Deden Ibnu , Hudaya Adeng , Setiawati Nur Amega 
Published: November 2021

THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ENTREPRENEUR-ORIENTED BIOTECHNOLOGY MODULE TO IMPROVE ENTREPRENEUR INTEREST IN SMA / MA STUDENTSAbstractThis research aimed to determine the application of learning models in increasing student interest in entrepreneurship. This biotechnology lesson was taken because this lesson contains an understanding of the use of biological materials in products that students can develop into entrepreneurial products. This research is a research and development (R&D) arranged systematically consisting of defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. The results of this study from the subject expert analysis, namely the feasibility of the content, shows a percentage of 81.25% is included in the very feasible category. The presentation feasibility percentage found of 80.00% is still a very feasible category. Regarding language feasibility, it got a percentage of 83.33%, which was still in the very feasible category, and for contextual assessment, it got a percentage of 80.55%. From media experts of the 75% eligible category. It was in the feasible category criteria. In terms of module design, 61.11% is a feasible category and module content design is 91.25% very feasible. Based on the results of tests carried out by students, the aspect of the module display was 84.58%, of the content presented was 83.46%, entrepreneurial aspects were 86.32%. Modules fall into the category of proper evaluation and are so worthy that they only need to be slightly revised. AbstrakKegiatan penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui penerapan model pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan minat enterpreuner siswa. Pelajaran bioteknologi ini diambil karena pelajaran ini mengandung pemahaman tentang pemanfaatan bahan hayati menjadi produk yang bisa dikembangkan siswa menjadi produk kewirausahaan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan (R & D) yang disusun secara sistematis terdiri dari define/penetapan, design/perancangan, develop /pengembangan, dan disseminate/penyebaran. Hasil penelitian ini dari analisis ahli materi yaitu kelayakan isi menunjukan presentase 81,25% termasuk dalam kategori sangat layak, kemudian dalam kelayakan Penyajian didapat presentase sebasar 80,00 % masih kategori sangat layak. Dalam hal kelayakan Penyajian didapat presentase sebesar 80,00 %, kemudian dalam hal kelayakan Bahasa mendapat presentase sebesar 83,33% masih dalam kategori sangat layak dan untuk penilaian kontekstual mendapatkan presentase sebesar 80,55%. dari ahli media dari ukuran 75 % kategori layak. Dari sisi kriteria masuk dalam kategori layak, dari sisi desain modul 61,11 % kategori layak dan Desain isi modul 91,25 % sangat layak. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang dilakukan oleh siswa dari aspek tampilan modul sebesar 84,58% dari penyajian materi sebesar 83,46%, aspek kewirausahaan 86,32 %. Modul termasuk dalam kategori penilian layak dan sangat layak sehingga hanya perlu sedikit direvisi.
Synthesis of Mn(II) Complexes-Carboxymethyl Chitosan Schiff Base Salicylaldehyde and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Ismiyarto Ismiyarto , Saputri Niken Windi , Rahmatia Liswinda Zafirah , Sarjono Purbowatiningrum Ria , Ngadiwiyana Ngadiwiyana , Prasetya Nor Basid Adiwibawa , Bima Damar Nurwahyu 
Published: November 2021

The development of compounds with a better antibacterial activity is highly needed. One way to achieve this is by modifying the structure of the compound using chitosan as a starting material, because of its abundant natural source in Indonesia, its biodegradable properties, and its structure where free amines are present. This study aims to obtain Mn(II) -Carboxymethyl Chitosan Schiff Base-Salicylaldehyde complex to increase its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram negative). Schiff Base carboxymethyl chitosan-salicylaldehyde was synthesized from carboxymethyl chitosan with salicylaldehyde. Next, the Schiff Base Carboxymethyl Chitosan-Salicylaldehyde was complexed with MnCl2.4H2O and then characterized by FTIR, UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, and AAS and tested for antibacterial activity with the disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The product of Carboxymethyl Chitosan Schiff Base-salicylaldehyde is a brownish yellow solid with a yield of 64% (w/w) and has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (clear zone diameter 11 mm) and Escherichia coli (clear zone diameter 13 mm). The product of Mn(II) Complexes-Carboxymethyl Chitosan Schiff Base-salicylaldehyde is a black solid with a yield of 59% (w/w) and has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (clear zone diameter 13 mm) and Escherichia coli (clear zone diameter 17 mm).