bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional changes revealed genes and pathways involved in the deficient testis caused by the inhibition of alkaline ceramidase (Dacer) in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Zhang Min‐Jing , Shi Xiao‐Xiao , Wang Ni , Zhang Chao , Zhang Chunhong , Quais Md Khairul , Ali Soomro Abid , Zhou Wenwu , Mao Cungui , Zhu Zeng‐Rong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSphingolipids are ubiquitous structural components of eukaryotic cell membranes which are vital for maintaining the integrity of cells. Alkaline ceramidase is a key enzyme in sphingolipid biosynthesis pathway; however, little is known about the role of the enzyme in the male reproductive system of Drosophila melanogaster. To investigate the impact of alkaline ceramidase (Dacer) on male Drosophila, we got Dacer deficiency mutants (MUs) and found they displayed apparent defects in the testis's phenotype. To profile the molecular changes associated with this abnormal phenotype, we performed de novo transcriptome analyses of the MU and wildtype (WT) testes; and revealed 1239 upregulated genes and 1102 downregulated genes. Then, six upregulated DEGs (papilin [Ppn], croquemort [Crq], terribly reduced optic lobes [Trol], Laminin, Wunen‐2, collagen type IV alpha 1 [Cg25C]) and three downregulated DEGs (mucin related 18B [Mur18B], rhomboid‐7 [Rho‐7], CG3168) were confirmed through quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction in WT and MU samples. The differentially expressed genes were mainly associated with catalytic activity, oxidoreductase activity and transmembrane transporter activity, which significantly contributed to extracellular matrix‐receptor interaction, fatty acids biosynthesis as well as glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism. The results highlight the importance of Dacer in the reproductive system of D. melanogaster and provide valuable resources to dig out the specific biological functions of Dacer in insect reproduction.
Time‐scale analysis of integrated pulse profiles for PSR B0329 + 54
Authors: Chen Jian‐Ling , Liu Yi , Wang Hongguang , Zheng Xiaoping 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe stability of the integrated profile of PSR B0329 + 54 at 1,540 MHz is studied with the observation data of the Nanshan 25‐m radio telescope of up to 453 hr from 2003 to 2009. We find that the profiles of two modes tend to stabilize at a faster rate first, then change to a slower rate, and then become rapidly stabilized again. It is also shown that there are distinct differences in the profile stability behaviors on the short, intermediate, and long timescales. Our results will be valuable for future research on random processes in pulsar radio radiation.
Glutathione S transferase T1 gene polymorphism and its promoter methylation are associated with breast cancer susceptibility in Egyptian women
Authors: Raafat Nermin , Ismail Khadiga , Hawsawi Nahed M. , Saber Taisir , Elsawy Wael H. , Abdulmutaleb Tariq , Raafat Ahmed , Gharib Amal F. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer (BC) is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in women. Glutathione S‐transferase (GSTT1) is involved in activation of detoxification reactions and catalysis of chemicals conjugation with glutathione. GSTT1 genotype is a limiting factor for some environmental diseases. Epigenetic changes have an essential role in BC through inappropriate interaction between genomic and environmental risk factors.AimThis study was directed to explore the association of BC risk with GSTT1 genetic variations and its methylation status in Egyptian women.Design and MethodsThis study included 100 healthy women as the control group and 100 patients were clinically and histologically diagnosed with breast cancer. All blood samples were used for genomic DNA extraction. GSTT1 genotyping was accomplished by multiplex PCR and methylation‐specific PCR was used to analyze the GSTT1 promoter methylation status.ResultsBreast cancer patients showed significant incidence of null GSTT1 in relation to controls (p = 0.004). GSTT1 gene promoter methylation status showed significant difference between hypermethylated and unmethylated patients when compared with healthy subjects (p = 0.005). GSTT1 promoter methylation status was not significantly associated with null genotype. There was no significant association between GSTT1‐null genotypes and BC stage in cases with or without family history, but for promotor methylation, there was significant association with stage III and IV breast cancer disease.ConclusionGSTT1 null genetic variant and promoter hypermethylation in the GSTT region of the gene may be considered as critical risk factors for BC in Egyptian women.
One step ahead in the game: Predicting negotiation outcomes with guessing‐games measures
Authors: Hedberg Per H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLay intuition suggests that some people are better than others at strategic social interaction. Nonetheless, identifying reliable predictors of individual differences in negotiation performance has been difficult. In this investigation, we hypothesized that an individuals' skill in understanding the structure of socially interdependent situations, and in best responding to others' likely behavior in such situations, should predict their negotiation performance. We adapted existing and novel social guessing games to measure such skills. In a series of studies with students and business executives in Russia and Sweden, performance in the guessing games predicted better individual outcomes and better joint outcomes in dyadic negotiations. Guessing‐game performance remained predictive of both outcomes after proxies for general mental ability were controlled for. Potential applications to larger‐scale phenomena are discussed.
Bioluminescence of ctenophores near the boundary of oxygen‐depleted waters at the redoxcline of the Black Sea
Authors: Melnikov Victor , Melnik Alexandr , Mashukova Olga , Kapranov Sergey , Melnik Lidia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractVertical distribution of ctenophores near the boundary of oxygen‐depleted waters of the Black Sea redoxcline was studied by use of video observations with real‐time water sampling, horizontal MultiNet towing, and soundings using bathyphotometers with simultaneous vertical plankton net sampling. The results of the study showed for the first time that the daytime accumulation of ctenophores above the upper boundary of the suboxic zone changes the biophysical properties of the medium, causing an increase in the daytime intensity of bioluminescence near the redoxcline. The dynamics of this glow is in antiphase to that in the surface layers, where it is associated with the bioluminescence of phytoplankton. Therefore, in the deep‐sea areas, two types of bioluminescence peaks differ in the light generation sources: the nighttime glow of phytoplankton in surface layers and the daytime glow of zooplankton in layers of oxygen‐depleted waters at the redoxcline. The discovery of this new phenomenon allows the use of bioluminescent methods for the rapid assessment of the depth of the daytime zooplankton layers for the subsequent hauls of plankton nets. This significantly expands the possibilities of studying the structure and functioning of the pelagic ecosystem of the Black Sea and other marine basins with a redoxcline.
Low‐level determination of 4‐chlorobutyl‐(S)‐[4‐chloro‐2‐(4‐cyclopropyl‐1,1,1‐trifluoro‐2‐hydroxy‐but‐3yn‐2‐yl)phenyl] carbamate (4‐CTHC) in efavirenz drug substance by LC–MS
Authors: Mallavarapu Ravindra , Katari Naresh Kumar , Dongala Thirupathi , Anand Krishnan , Marisetti Vishnu Murthy 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA rapid, simple, sensitive, and selective liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS) test method was developed and validated for the trace level determination of 4‐chlorobutyl‐(S)‐[4‐chloro‐2‐(4‐cyclopropyl‐1,1,1‐trifluoro‐2‐hydroxy‐but‐3yn‐2‐yl)phenyl] carbamate (4‐CTHC). 4‐CTHC is a potential genotoxic impurity in efavirenz drug substance and the acceptable level is 2.5 μg ml−1 with respect to analyte concentration according to ICH M7(R1) Multidisciplinary Guidelines M7(R1). The LC–MS/MS analysis of 4‐CTHC impurity was carried out on a Kinetex C18 (150 × 4.6 mm, 5.0 μm) column. In this test procedure, the mobile phase was prepared with buffer (0.1% formic acid in water) and acetonitrile in the ratio of 1:3 (v/v). The method set flow rate was 0.4 ml min−1. The method was developed with a short run time of <10 min. Selective ion monitoring acquisition mode and negative polarity electrospray ionization mode were used as an MS method to quantify genotoxic impurities at 422.25 Da. The method showed linearity in a range of 0.64–3.71 μg ml−1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9992. The RSD for intra‐day and inter‐day precision was found to be <5%. The method’s accuracy was in the range of 106.5–112.4% for the genotoxic impurity of 4‐CTHC. The procedure was validated as per the current ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines and proved suitable for stability testing in the quality control laboratory for pharmaceutical preparations.
Dual Digitally Guided Crown Lengthening in Esthetic Area Compromised by Disharmonic Implant Crown
Authors: Andrade Nathalia , Moura Guilherme , Maska Bartosz , Kaigler Darnell , Mendonça Gustavo , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: February 2021

IntroductionA disharmonious smile results from excessive gingival exposure or gingival margin misalignment is a frequent finding in patients. The most common cause is altered passive eruption; however, in the case presented here, the esthetics of the smile is compromised also due to an inadequate implant placement and crown fabrication.Case presentationThis case presented a combination of altered passive eruption and a buccally as well as deeply placed implant crown (#10) that led to disproportionate dimensions of an upper lateral incisor. Dual digitally guided crown lengthening surgical procedure for teeth #5 to #12 was performed aiming a better harmony of the smile. Treatment also included placement of tooth veneers and re‐made of implant crown. A pleasant smile with appropriate colors and proportions was achieved. All esthetic and periodontal health parameters were maintained throughout the follow‐up period (1 year).ConclusionThe use of dual digitally guided crown lengthening help to accomplish precision and stability of esthetic outcome, as it guides for both, bone and soft tissue removal. Particularly, in challenging cases with high esthetic demand and complicated factors present, such as the case presented here, the digital approach provides tools to attain excellent treatment outcome.
Expression of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase is increased in diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Li Zhengwei , Zhang Jiefang , Wang Min , Qiu Fuyu , Jin Chongyin , Fu Guosheng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFarnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS)‐catalyzed isoprenoid intermediates are involved in diabetic cardiomyopathy. This study investigated the specific role of FPPS in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. We demonstrated that FPPS expression was elevated in both in vivo and in vitro models of diabetic cardiomyopathy. FPPS inhibition decreased the expression of proteins related to cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocytic hypertrophy, including collagen I, collagen III, connective tissue growth factor, natriuretic factor, brain natriuretic peptide, and β‐myosin heavy chain. Furthermore, FPPS inhibition and knockdown prevented phosphorylated c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2) activation in vitro. In addition, a JNK1/2 inhibitor downregulated high‐glucose‐induced responses to diabetic cardiomyopathy. Finally, immunofluorescence revealed that cardiomyocytic size was elevated by high glucose and was decreased by zoledronate, small‐interfering farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (siFPPS), and a JNK1/2 inhibitor. Taken together, our findings indicate that FPPS and JNK1/2 may be part of a signaling pathway that plays an important role in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Mitral valve‐in‐ring: Simply complicated
Authors: Eng Marvin H. , Verma Divya Ratan 
Published: February 2021

Key Points
Long anterior mitral valve leaflets are an additional risk factor for left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction independent of small predicted neo‐LVOT.
Mitral valve‐in‐ring is prone to lower rates of technical success due to paravalvular leak and frequent need for second valve implantation.
Three‐dimensional shaped rings are more challenging to treat and have higher rates of paravalvular leak.
Effect of heat treatment on the structure and digestion properties of oat globulin
Authors: He Ting , Wang Jing , Hu Xinzhong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe heat treatment required for deactivation of enzymes was carried out in crop species such as oats to retain its desirable shelf life, but it may lead to a reduction in nutritive value and denaturation of globulin. This study compared the effect of two heat treatments, stirring roasting (240°C, 15 min; OFG) and kiln roasting (140°C, 45 min; OMG), on structure and digestion properties of oat globulins.FindingsThe results showed that compared with control oat globulin (OCG), both heat treatments decreased the content of amino acid in the oat globulins. The increase in roasting temperature (from 140°C to 240°C) led to the change in the secondary structure in oat globulins, with a decrease in β‐sheet and β‐turn contents, and an increase in α‐helix and random coil contents. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the structure of OFG was fragmented into small clumps. Compared with kiln roasting (140°C), stirring roasting (240°C) decreased average molecular weight, peak viscosity, and denaturation enthalpy but increased viscosity and in vitro digestibility of oat globulin.ConclusionsCompared with kiln roasting, stirring roasting increased in vitro digestibility of oat globulin and contributed to the taste, but the nutritional loss was greater.Significance and noveltyTwo heat treatment methods for enzymatic inactivation were compared regarding the effect on the structure and in vitro digestibility of oat globulin, indicating that higher temperature increased digestibility of oat globulin.
Assessment of CYP2C9 Structural Models for Site of Metabolism Prediction
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxiao , Xu Minjie , Wu Zengrui , Liu Guixia , Tang Yun , Li Weihua 
Published: February 2021

AbstractStructure‐based prediction of a compound's potential sites of metabolism (SOMs) mediated by cytochromes P450 (CYPs) is highly advantageous in the early stage of drug discovery. However, the accuracy of the SOMs prediction can be influenced by several factors. CYP2C9 is one of the major drug‐metabolizing enzymes in humans and is responsible for the metabolism of ∼13 % of clinically used drugs. In this study, we systematically evaluated the effects of protein crystal structure models, scoring functions, heme forms, conserved active‐site water molecules, and protein flexibility on SOMs prediction of CYP2C9 substrates. Our results demonstrated that, on average, ChemScore and GlideScore outperformed four other scoring functions: Vina, GoldScore, ChemPLP, and ASP. The performance of the crystal structure models with pentacoordinated heme was generally superior to that of the hexacoordinated iron‐oxo heme (referred to as Compound I) models. Inclusion of the conserved active‐site water molecule improved the prediction accuracy of GlideScore, but reduced the accuracy of ChemScore. In addition, the effect of the conserved water on SOMs prediction was found to be dependent on the receptor model and the substrate. We further found that one of snapshots from molecular dynamics simulations on the apo form can improve the prediction accuracy when compared to the crystal structural model.
Macaque monkey trigeminal blink reflex circuits targeting orbicularis oculi motoneurons
Authors: May Paul J. , Warren Susan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe trigeminal blink reflex plays an important role in protecting the corneal surface from damage and preserving visual function in an unpredictable environment. The closing phase of the human reflex, produced by activation of the orbicularis oculi (ObOc) muscles, consists of an initial, small, ipsilateral R1 component, followed by a larger, bilateral R2 component. We investigated the circuitry that underlies this reflex in macaque (Macaca fascicularis and Macaca mulatta) monkeys by the use of single and dual tracer methods. Injection of retrograde tracer into the facial nucleus labeled neurons in the principal trigeminal nucleus, and in the spinal nucleus pars oralis and interpolaris, bilaterally, and in pars caudalis, ipsilaterally. Injection of anterograde tracer into the principal trigeminal nucleus labeled axons that directly terminated on ObOc motoneurons, with an ipsilateral predominance. Injection of anterograde tracer into pars caudalis of the spinal trigeminal nucleus labeled axons that directly terminated on ipsilateral ObOc motoneurons. The observed pattern of labeling indicates that the reticular formation ventromedial to the principal and spinal nuclei also contributes extensive bilateral input to ObOc motoneurons. Thus, much of the trigeminal sensory complex is in a position to supply a monosynaptic drive for lid closure, and the adjacent reticular formation can supply a disynaptic drive. These findings indicate that the assignment of the R1 and R2 components of the blink reflex to different parts of the trigeminal sensory complex cannot be exclusively based on subdivision connectional relationships with facial motoneurons. The characteristics of the R2 component may be due, instead, to other circuit properties.
The predictive power of C‐reactive protein‐ lymphocyte ratio for in‐hospital mortality after colorectal cancer surgery
Authors: Mungan İbrahim , Bostancı Erdal Birol , Türksal Erbil , Tezcan Büşra , Aktaş Mehmet Nesim , Can Müçteba , Kazancı Dilek , Turan Sema 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe relation between immunity, inflammation, and tumor development and progression has been emphasized in colorectal cancer widely and the prognosis is linked to the inflammatory reaction of the host as well as the biological behavior of the tumor.AimIn this study, we aimed to find out the predictive power of C‐reactive protein‐ lymphocyte ratio (CLR) for in‐hospital mortality after colorectal surgery.Methods and ResultsA series of 388 CRC patients were enrolled in the present retrospective study which was conducted in a tertiary state Hospital in Ankara, Turkey. In‐hospital mortality was the main outcome to evaluate the predictive power of inflammatory markers, while the other outcomes that would be evaluated as separate variables were LOS in hospital and LOS in ICU.In this study, there were 260 males and 128 females, and the mean age was 60.9. The in‐hospital mortality rate was 3.4% (n = 13) and age, APACHE II score and Charlson comorbidity index score were related to in‐hospital mortality statistically. The mean LOS in the hospital was 13.9 days and LOS in ICU was 4.5 days. The CRP levels and the CLR levels were higher both in the preoperative and postoperative periods in the mortality (+) group and the difference was significant statistically (P = .008/ .002 and .004/ <.001, respectively). CLR in the postoperative period had the best predictive power with AUC: 0.876.ConclusionIn conclusion, within the context of our study there appears to be a relationship between CLR, as measured on day 2 postoperatively, and in‐hospital mortality. It is observed to be more effective than NLR, ALC, and CRP.
A self‐adjusting task granularity mechanism for the Java lifeline‐based global load balancer library on many‐core clusters
Authors: Finnerty Patrick , Kamada Tomio , Ohta Chikara 
Published: February 2021

SummaryGlobal load balancer libraries should be easy to use and allow users to easily obtain good performance for their applications on a variety of distributed systems. In this article, we introduce a new tuning mechanism to our Java implementation of the lifeline‐based global load balancer which automatically adjusts the task granularity to reach good performance based on some selected runtime metrics. We evaluate our system against four backtrack‐search problems on both a many‐core supercomputer environment and on a beowulf server, achieving ideal performance with our tuning mechanism on the supercomputer. We also identify the limits of our mechanism in handling situations with reduced imbalance.
Content‐based and knowledge graph‐based paper recommendation: Exploring user preferences with the knowledge graphs for scientific paper recommendation
Authors: Tang Hao , Liu Baisong , Qian Jiangbo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractResearchers usually face difficulties in finding scientific papers relevant to their research interests due to increasing growth. Recommender systems emerge as a leading solution to filter valuable items intelligently. Recently, deep learning algorithms, such as convolutional neural network, improved traditional recommendation technologies, for example, the graph‐based or content‐based methods. However, existing graph‐based methods ignore high‐order association between users and items on graphs, and content‐based methods ignore global features of texts for explicit user preferences. Therefore, this paper proposes a Content‐based and knowledge Graph‐based Paper Recommendation method (CGPRec), which uses a two‐layer self‐attention block to obtain global features of texts for more complete explicit user preferences, and proposes an improved graph convolutional network for modeling high‐order associations on the knowledge graph to mine implicit user preferences. And the knowledge graph in this paper is constructed with concept nodes, user nodes, paper nodes, and other meta‐data nodes. Experimental results on a public dataset, CiteULike‐a, and a real application log dataset, AHData, show that our model outperforms compared with baseline methods.
Assessment of the genetic diversity of groundnut (Arachis hypogaeaL.) genotypes for kernel yield, oil and fodder quantity and quality under drought conditions
Authors: Abadya Seltene , Shimelis Hussein , Pasupuleti Janila , Mashilo Jacob , Chaudhari Sunil , Manohar Surendra S. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine drought tolerance, kernel (KY) and fodder yield and quality amongst diverse groundnut genotypes for direct production or breeding. Hundred genotypes were evaluated at ICRISAT, India during 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 under drought‐stressed (DS) and nonstressed (NS) conditions. Data were collected on KY; oil content (OC); oil yield (OY); protein content; palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acid contents; haulm yield (HY); and fodder quality parameters such as the contents of dry matter, ash, nitrogen (NC), neutral detergent fiber (NDFDM), acid detergent fiber (ADFDM), acid detergent lignin (ADLDM), in vitro digestibility, and metabolizable energy. Data were subjected to parametric and nonparametric statistical analyses. Combined analysis of variance revealed significant (P < .05) genotype differences for all assessed traits. Genotype × water regime interaction effects were significant for KY, OC, ash, NC, NDFDM, and ADLDM. Kernel yield positively and significantly (P < .05) correlated with OY (r = .99), LAC (r = .13), ash (r = .32), and NDFDM (r = .54) under DS condition. Haulm yield was positively and significantly (P < .05) correlated with OC (r = .24), NDFDM (r = .19), ADFDM (r = .18), and ADLDM (r = .17) under DS condition. The study identified four genotypes with high kernel and haulm yields, and six genotypes with high oleic acid content. Further, 10 genotypes were selected with relatively better drought tolerance. The selected genotypes are recommended for further breeding and variety release adapted to drought conditions.