bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of growing season, Trichoderma and clinoptilolite applications on potentially toxic elements (PTEs) uptake by Cucumis melo L.
Authors: Brecchia Matteo , Buscaroli Enrico , Mazzon Martina , Blasioli Sonia , Braschi Ilaria 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Aim:
The extent at which different agricultural strategies may affect the uptake of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) by cropped plants is not completely understood at a field scale. This study dealt with the effect of seasonality, Trichoderma inoculation alone or combined to different applications of commercial grade clinoptilolite (i.e., foliar action, fertigation, and pellet) on the PTEs content of early- and late-ripening cultivars Cucumis Melo L.
Methods:
Two similar field experiments were performed in spring and summer. For each cultivar/treatment combination, the input of PTEs (namely, Cr, Cu, and Pb) to the soil-crop system through irrigation water, fertilizers, pesticides, and treatment products (i.e., Trichoderma and clinoptilolite products), as well as the PTE content of melon stem, leaves and fruit, were assessed through Inductively Coupled Plasma - Optic Emission Spectrometry.
Results:
Neither Trichoderma alone nor associated with clinoptilolite had visible effect on PTEs uptake by plants, while early season cultivation was strongly associated with lower uptake of Cu and Pb. The high correlation of Cu and Pb content with Ca content in stem and leaves, used as a proxy for different transpiration rates under different growing seasons, indicated a possible uptake of these metals through Ca-nonselective cation channels as a drought stress defence. Lower Cu and Pb concentration were found in early-ripening melon fruit cultivated in spring.
Conclusions:
To the scope of Cu and Pb risk management, in case of significant contamination in Mediterranean calcareous soils, the use of early-ripening Cucumis melo L. cultivars in place of late-ripening ones is suggested.
Impacts of Fertilization Optimization on Ammonia Volatilization, Soil Nitrification, Denitration Intensity From Wheat Fields and Nitrogen Utilization Under Water-saving Irrigation
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Yu Zhenwen , Zhang Yongli , Shi Yu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Scholars have proposed the practice of split N fertilizer application (SNFA), which has proven to be an effective approach for enhancing N use efficiency. However, the effect of SNFA on NH3 volatilization, nitrification and denitration in soil, remain largely unknown. As such, the current study assessed soil NH3 volatilization, nitrification and denitrification intensities, abundance of nitrogen cycle-related funetional genes, and invertase activity for different treatments. We applied a rate of 240 kg·ha-1 of N, and the following fertilizer ratios of the percent base to that of topdressing under water-saving irrigation: N1 (basal/dressing, 100%/0%), N2 (basal/dressing, 70%/30%), N3 (basal/dressing, 50%/50%), N4 (basal/dressing, 30%/70%), and N5 (basal/dressing, 0%/100%). N3 treatment resulted in a significant decrease in rate of NH3 volatilization. This treatment also significantly reduced nitrification and denitrification intensities, primarily owing to the reduced functional genes abundance involved in the nitrogen cycle (Amoa-AOB, nirK and nirS) and reduced invertase activity (urease, nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase) in wheat-land soil. 15N tracer studies further demonstrated that N3 treatments significantly increased the grain nitrogen accumulation by 9.50-28.27% compared with that under other treatments. This increase was primarily due to an increase in the amount of N absorbed by wheat from soil and fertilizers, which was caused by an enhancement in total N uptake (7.2-21.81%). Collectively, these results suggest that the N3 treatment (basal/dressing, 50%/50%) improves N uptake by wheat, reduces the soil NH3 volatilization rate, and has the potential to reduce the amount of N2O generated by nitrification and denitrification.
Staying Current: Developing Just-in-time Evidence-Based Learning Objectives for a Maternal Cardiac Arrest Simulation Curriculum
Authors: Shields Andrea , Battistelli Jacqueline , Kavanagh Laurie , Ouellette Lara , Thomson Brook , Nielsen Peter 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroundOur objective was to review the latest evidence on resuscitation care for maternal cardiac arrest (MCA) and gain expert consensus on best practices to inform an evidence-based curriculum.MethodsWe convened a multidisciplinary panel of stakeholders in MCA to develop an evidence-based simulation training, Obstetric Life SupportTM (OBLS). To inform the learning objectives, we used a novel three-step process to achieve consensus on best practices for maternal resuscitation. First, we reaffirmed the evidence process on an existing MCA guideline using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II). Next, via systematic review, we evaluated the latest evidence on MCA and identified emerging topics since the publication of the MCA guideline. Finally, we applied a modified Research and Development (RAND) technique to gain consensus on emerging topics to include as additional just-in-time best practices.ResultsThe AGREE II survey results demonstrated unanimous consensus on reaffirmation of the 2015 American Heart Association (AHA) MCA guideline for inclusion into the OBLS curriculum. A systematic review with deduplication resulted in 11,871 articles for review. After categorizing and synthesizing the relevant literature, we presented twelve additional best practices to the expert panel using a modified RAND technique. Upon completion, the 2015 AHA statement and nine additional just-in-time best practices were affirmed to inform the OBLS curriculum.ConclusionsA novel three-step process including reaffirmation of evidence process, systematic review, and a modified RAND technique resulted in unanimous consensus from experts in MCA resuscitation on existing and new just-in-time best practices to inform the learning objectives for an evidence-based curriculum.
A Response Surface Methodology to Optimize Multiple Discharge Step Parameters for Sinking Electrical Discharge Machining
Authors: Kim Su-Jin , Byun Jai-Hyun , Jeong Hyun-Je , Oh Young-Jin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Conventional die-sinking electrical discharge machining (EDM) employs a single electrode operating under constant discharge conditions. We explored a two-electrode scenario, in which roughing and finishing were coupled. We developed a multiple discharge step (MDS) method that uses three discharge depths. The discharge current is highest in step 1 and lowest in step 3. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the discharge conditions. Experimentally, the MDS method combined with RSM decreased electrode edge wear and surface roughness compared to the conventional method, with no increase in the average discharge current.
An all-in-one adjuvanted therapeutic cancer vaccine targeting dendritic cell cytosol induces long-lived tumor suppression through NLRC4 inflammasome activation
Authors: Puth Sao , Verma Vivek , Hong Seol Hee , Tan Wenzhi , Lee Shee Eun , Rhee Joon Haeng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Therapeutic cancer vaccines (TCVs) should induce robust tumor-specific T cell responses. To achieve this, TCVs incorporate T cell epitopes and strong adjuvants. Here, we report an all-in-one adjuvanted cancer vaccine platform, which targets intracellular compartment of antigen presenting cells and subsequently induces effective cytotoxic T cell responses. We screened a novel peptide (DCpep6) that specifically binds and tranmits into CD11c+ cells through in vivo phage biopanning. We then engineered a protein-based TCV (DEF) consisting of DCpep6 (D), an optimized HPV E7 tumor antigen (E), and a built-in flagellin adjuvant (F) as a single molecule. DEF was stably expressed and each component was functional. In vivo administered DEF rapidly biodistributed in draining LNs and internalized into CD11c+ cells. DEF immunization elicited strong anti-tumor T cell responses and provided long-term survival of TC-1 tumor implanted mice. The DEF-mediated anti-tumor effect was abolished in NLRC4−/− mice. Taken together, we propose a protein-based all-in-one TCV platform that intracellularly co-delivers tumor antigen and inflammasome activator to DCs to induce long-lasting anti-tumor T cell responses.
Clinical and Prognostic Aspects of Patients With The Neuromyelitis Optic Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) From a Cohort in Northeast Brazil
Authors: Fukuda Thiago Gonçalves , Silva Ivã Taiuan Fialho , Santos Tayla Samanta Silva dos , Filho Marcos Baruch Portela , de Abreu Fernanda Ferreira , Oliveira-Filho Jamary 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Neuromyelitis optic spectrum disorders (NMOSD) is a rare inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) more frequent in women and Afro-descendants. No previous epidemiological or prognostic study has been conducted in the region of the state of Bahia, Brazilian Northeast. Objective: To evaluate clinical and prognostic aspects in patients with NMOSD from a cohort in northeastern Brazil. Material and Methods: A single-center retrospective study was conducted with consecutive patients diagnosed with NMOSD. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics were described. The degree of disability was expressed by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Worsening disability were analyzed through negative binomial regression adjusted for disease duration. Results: Ninety-one patients were included, 72 (79.1%) female and 67 (73.6%) afro descendants. Mean age at onset was 36 (± 14) years and 73.3% were anti-aquaporin-4 antibody positive. Isolated transverse myelitis (32.9%) and isolated optic neuritis (22.4%) were the most frequent initial clinical syndromes. After multivariate analysis, optic neuritis (RR = 0.15; 95% CI=0.03 – 0.59; p = 0.008) and dyslipidemia (RR = 0.07; 95% CI=0.04 – 0.40; p < 0.001) were associated with slower disease progression. Area postrema involvement (RR = 29.69; 95% CI=3.40 – 226.07; p = 0.002) and age at onset (RR = 1.05; 95% CI=1.00 – 1.10; p = 0.037) were associated with faster disease progression. Conclusions: In the first clinical and prognostic study in northeastern Brazil, we identified area postrema involvement, age at onset, optic neuritis at fist syndrome and dyslipidemia as the main prognostic factors associated with disease progression.
Social Interaction is Unnecessary for Hindgut Microbiome Transmission in Honey Bees: the Effect of Diet and Social Exposure on Tissue-Specific Microbiome Assembly
Authors: Anderson Kirk E. , Ricigliano Vincent A. , Copeland Duan , Mott Brendon M. , Maes Patrick 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Honey bees are a model for host-microbial interactions with experimental designs evolving towards conventionalized worker bees. Research on gut microbiome transmission and assembly has examined only a fraction of factors associated with the colony and hive environment. Here we studied the effects of diet and social isolation on tissue-specific bacterial and fungal colonization of the midgut and two key hindgut regions. We found that both treatment factors significantly influenced early hindgut colonization explaining similar proportions of microbiome variation. In agreement with previous work, social interaction with older workers was unnecessary for core hindgut bacterial transmission. Exposure to natural eclosion and fresh stored pollen resulted in gut bacterial communities that were taxonomically and structurally equivalent to those produced in the natural colony setting. Stressed diets of no pollen or autoclaved pollen in social isolation resulted in decreased fungal abundance and bacterial diversity, and atypical microbiome structure and tissue-specific variation of functionally important core bacteria. Without exposure to the active hive environment, the abundance and strain diversity of keystone ileum species Gilliamella apicola was markedly reduced. These changes were associated with significantly larger ileum microbiotas suggesting that extended exposure to the active hive environment plays an antibiotic role in hindgut microbiome establishment. We conclude that core hindgut microbiome transmission is facultative horizontal with 5 of 6 core hindgut species readily acquired from the built hive structure and natural diet. Our findings contribute novel insights into factors influencing assembly and maintenance of honey bee gut microbiota and facilitate future experimental designs.
DHMM-Based Asynchronous Finite-Time Sliding Mode Control for Markovian Jumping Lur’e Systems
Authors: NIE Rong , DU Wenli , LI Zhongmei , ZHOU Zhao , HE Shuping 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the asynchronous problem for a class of Markovian jumping Lur’s system (MJLSs) via sliding mode control (SMC) in continuous-time domain. Specifically, the discrete hidden Markovian model (DHMM) is employed to describe the nonsynchronization between the controller modes and the MJLSs modes. In particular, considering the nonlinearity of MJLSs, a novel Lur’e-integral-type sliding surface is constructed. In order to ensure the finite-time stability of sliding mode dynamics and the accessibility of the specified sliding surface, the asynchronous Lur’e-type SMC law of the detector mode is presented. Finally, an example of DC motor is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.
Spectroscopic constants and anharmonic force field of dithioformic acid and its isomers: a theoretical study
Authors: Pang Weixiu , Song Xiaomin , Sun Yunbin , Wang Meishan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The potential astronomical interest dithioformic acid (trans-HC(=S)SH) exists five isomers and has received considerable attention of astronomical observation in recent years. The different positions of H atoms of five isomers lead to diverse point groups, dipole moments, and spectroscopic constants. The anharmonic force field and spectroscopic constants of them are calculated using CCSD(T) and B3LYP employing correlation consistent basis sets. Molecular structures, dipole moments, rotational constants, and fundamental frequencies of trans-HC(=S)SH are compared with the available experimental data. The B3LYP/Gen=5 and CCSD(T)/Gen=Q results can reproduce them well. Molecular structures, dipole moments, relative energies, spectroscopic constants of cis-HC(=S)SH and dithiohydroxy carbene (DTHC) are also calculated. The new data obtained in this study are expected to guide the future high resolution experimental work and to assist astronomical search for CH2S2.
The Safeness of Ramadan Fasting Among Patients Who Have Undergone Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: a Cross-sectional Descriptive Study
Authors: Amen Shwan O. , Rasool Banan Q. , Rashid Alaa , Shakir Sara S. , Qadr Parez M. , Shawkat Asia L. , Abdulkarem Rangen T. , Yousif Salah Hassan , III Don Eliseo Lucero Prisno 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: The rise of Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PPCI) procedure as an option for treating Coronary Artery Diseases demands addressing a variety of concerns in the recovery period and afterward including fasting the Ramadan month in the countries with the prevailing Muslim population. Therefore this study aims to assess the ability and the safety of fasting among patients who underwent PPCI within two specified periods.Method: This study was a prospective observational study with a sample size of 200 consecutive patients that have been divided into two groups based on the duration of their last PCI for an attack of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI). The patients were admitted to the Causality Department of the Surgical Specialty Hospital-Cardiac Center, Erbil/Iraq. The studied data have been analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science version 25 (SPSS), and a P-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: The proportion of fasting and non-fasting patients showed a significant association with the duration of their last PCI procedure with a P-value of 0.001 as 14% in Group I (patients with less than 6 weeks duration post-PCI) successfully fasted the month while it was 54% in Group II (Patients with more than 6 weeks duration post PCI). Among our findings, there were significant associations with P-values of 0.001 between post-PCI symptoms and Ramadan fasting. In regards to NYHA classifications assessment, Group I had a higher proportion of patients classified as Class III and Class IV compared to Group II with a significant P-value of 0.001 with proportions of class III classification in Group I of 14.3% among fasting, 17.1% among non-fasting, and 58.3% among those who could not continue their fasting while in Group II, the proportions showed 3.7% among fasting, 6.7% among non-fasting, and 0% among those who could not continue their fasting.Conclusion: We discourage fasting among patients who have undergone Percutaneous Coronary Intervention within the first 6 weeks, as well as patients who have NYHA class III and above as they are highly liable for deterioration and can not continue their fasting.
Cytokine changes in the aqueous humor in rubella-related Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis
Authors: ou Shangkun , Mao Yi , Lin Sijie , Zhu Chengfang , Liu Xiaodong , Wu Huping 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This retrospective study aimed to ﻿determine the correlation between cytokine levels and virus status in the aqueous humor of 38 patients with Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHI) with/without viral presence between May 2017 and January 2020. The levels of cytokines were analyzed in the groups with and without virus-related FHI. Among the patients, 50% had rubella virus, 5.26% had cytomegalovirus, and 2.63% had herpes simplex virus infections. The expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8 was significantly higher and that of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was significantly lower in the virus-positive group than in the virus-negative group (P = 0.015, P = 0.001, and P = 0.001, ﻿respectively). Although there was no﻿ significant difference in the mean expression of vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM-1), IL-10, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), those of VCAM-1 and IL-10 were higher (M = 1338, M = 1390, respectively; M = 6.225 and 10.600, respectively) and that of VEGF was lower (M = 134.5, M = 38.70﻿, respectively) in the virus-positive group than in the virus-negative group. Similar findings were observed for the expressions of IL-6, IL-8, and bFGF in the rubella-positive and -negative groups. Viral presence was highly related to FHI, especially that of the rubella virus. High levels of inflammatory cytokines and low levels of neovascularization-related factors are involved in rubella-related FHI. These study findings could be helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of FHI.
Increasing Intestinal Soy Protein Hydrolysate Levels Promotes Colon Inflammation By Affecting Microbial Metabolism and Increases the Protein Expression of Colonic Tight Junction Proteins
Authors: Li Zhongxin , Ding Liren , Zhu Weiyun , Hang Suqin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background

Increasing intestinal protein levels change the colonic microbial community and metabolic profile of pigs, but the effect of this on colonic inflammation and barrier function in growing pigs remains unclear.
Results

Sixteen pigs (35.2 ± 0.3 kg) were infused with sterile saline (control) or soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) (70 g/day) through a duodenal fistula twice daily during a 15-day experimental period. The SPH treatment did not affect their average daily feed intake and daily weight gain (P > 0.05), but reduced colon index and length (P < 0.05). Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that species richness was increased following SPH intervention (P < 0.05). Furthermore, SPH reduced the abundance of butyrate- and propionate-producing bacteria—such as Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, Lachnospiraceae_uncultured, Coprococcus 3 Lachnospiraceae UCG-002, and Anaerovibrio—and increased the abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria and protein-fermenting bacteria, such as Escherichia-Shigella, Dialister, Veillonella, Prevotella, Candidatus Saccharimonas, Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-006, Prevotellaceae_uncultured, and Prevotellaceae UCG-003 (P < 0.05). In addition, a lower content of total short-chain fatty acids, propionate, and butyrate and a higher concentration of cadaverine, putrescine, total biogenic amines, ammonia, and isovalerate were observed following SPH infusion (P < 0.05). Further analysis revealed that SPH increased the concentration of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 in the colonic mucosa (P < 0.05). Interestingly, SPH intervention increased the expression of occluding, zonula occludens (ZO)-1, and claudin-1 in colonic mucosa (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that different genera were significantly related to the production of metabolites and the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Conclusion

Overall, increasing intestinal soy protein levels altered the colonic microbial composition and metabolic profile, which may lead to colon inflammation and may also strengthen the colon barrier function.
Comparison of Canola and Soybean Oils on Serum Lipid and Glucose Profiles and Anthropometric Parameters in Overweight and Obese Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Shahraki Mansour , Rahati Sara , Keykhaei Mahmood Ali , Niknejad Nasim 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background

No earlier human study compared influences of canola and soybean oils on patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Current study aimed to investigate effects of canola and soya oils on blood and anthropometric parameters in overweight and obese Iranian diabetic (II) patients.
Methods

A total of sixty-six T2D subjects were randomly allocated to three groups. Canola oil (CO; n 23, received 30g canola oil); Soya oil (SO; n 19, received 30g soya oil) and control group (n 24, their usual intake of dietary oils) for 8 weeks. Lipid and glycemic profiles as well as anthropometric indicators were evaluated before and after the intervention. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to evaluate time×group interactions for the outcome variables followed by a t test (significance level, p < 0.05).
Results

After 8 weeks, serum total cholesterol (-21.3 and -36.4v. -2.2 mg/dl; P=0·007), low density lipoprotein (-6.6 and -15.9v. +3.0 mg/dl; P=0·013), fasting blood sugar (-39.6 and -30.5v. +11.7 mg/dl; P<0.001) significantly decreased and high density lipoprotein (+3.0 and +3.5v. +2.4 mg/dl; P=0.038) significantly increased in CO and SO groups compared with controls. Changes in lipid profiles were more considerable in the soybean oil group than the canola oil group. The mean changes of waist circumference (WC; −4.1 v. -1.4 and -1.3 cm; P=0·031) and weight (−3.1 v. -0.3 and +0.5 kg; P=0·048) significantly decreased in canola group comparing to the two other groups.
Conclusions

Current study showed that daily consumption of canola and soybean oil for 8 weeks improved serum levels of fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein in T2D patients. Changes were more considerable in those consumed soybean oil. Canola oil decreased central obesity indices (waist circumference and weight) in T2D patients. Further studies are needed to shed light on this issue.
Trial registration:

The trial registration number at irct.ir is IRCT2012062510110N1. Registered 23 July 2012. Retrospectively registered. https://fa.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT2012062510110N1