bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional connectivity of the thalamocortical circuit in patients with seizure relapse after antiseizure medication withdrawal
Authors: Tan Ge , Li Xiuli , Niu Running , Wang Haijiao , Chen Deng , Gong Qiyong , Liu Ling 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize the features of thalamocortical functional connectivity during seizure recurrence at the time of antiseizure medication (ASM) withdrawal.MethodsPatients with chronic epilepsy who attempted to discontinue medications were prospectively registered and followed up; 19 patients remained seizure‐free (SF‐group), 18 patients had seizure relapses (SR‐group) after ASM withdrawal, and 28 healthy controls were recruited. Resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed before ASM withdrawal. Thalamus subdivisions were set as seeds to calculate voxelwise functional connectivity. Partial correlation analysis between functional connectivity and clinical variables was performed. A support vector machine was used to assess the predictive ability of the specific functional connectivity for seizure relapse.ResultsThe within‐group comparison indicated that the SR‐group had more extensive functional connectivity than the SF‐group; the left inferior pulvinar, left medial pulvinar, and right anterior pulvinar showed a significantly stronger functional connection with the precuneus in the SR‐group than in the SF‐group (Gaussian random field correction, voxel‐level p < .001 and cluster‐level p < .05). In the SR‐group, a positive correlation was found between the left inferior pulvinar–precuneus connectivity and the active period (r = .46, p = .05), seizure‐free period (r = .67, p = .002), and disease duration (r = .53, p = .02), and between the left medial pulvinar–precuneus connectivity and the seizure‐free period (r = .58, p = .01). The combination of these thalamocortical connections showed a high predictive ability, with an area under the curve of .92 and accuracy of .90 (p = .01).SignificanceThis study determined distinct features of thalamocortical functional connectivity at the time of ASM withdrawal in patients with and without seizure relapse, showing a potential for predicting seizure outcomes following ASM withdrawal.
Bone marrow trephine immunohistochemistry is useful in characterizing malignancy‐associated myelonecrosis: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Mishra Shruti , Padhi Somanath , Mohapatra Sonali , Panigrahi Ashutosh , Das Prabodha Kumar , Adhya Amit Kumar , Patra Susama , Mishra Pritinanda , Bhuyan Biswajit 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe aim to describe the utility of immunohistochemistry (IHC) in characterizing malignancy‐associated myelonecrosis (MN) on bone marrow trephine biopsies (BMBx) as a part of initial workup.Materials and methodsPatten and intensity of antigenic immunoexpression in necrotic tumor cells on BMBx were evaluated in a series of cases using standardized avidin‐biotin‐complex immunoperoxidase technique after heat‐induced epitope retrieval and compared the same with viable tumor cells wherever available.ResultsFifteen out of 2494 (0.6%) cases (median age: 28 years; range: 4 to 66 years) had evidence of MN (extensive in eight, moderate in five, and focal in two) secondary to hematological (N = 9) and solid (N = 6) malignancies. Five (33.3%) had pancytopenia, and eight (53.3%) had difficult and/or hemodiluted aspirate. Antigenic expression for CD10, CD79a, CD3, CD7, and CD20 was retained by necrotic leukemic blasts or lymphoma cells; CD34, TdT, and PAX5 showed heterogeneous expression; and a weak Golgi zone (dot like) CD30 positivity was noted in Reed‐Sternberg (RS) or RS‐like giant cells. Necrotic epithelial metastases retained pancytokeratin in all and showed variable positivity for prostate‐specific antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, CK20, ER, PR, and GATA3. Necrotic neuroblastomas (N = 2) retained positivity for synaptophysin and chromogranin, whereas retained nuclear positivity for NKX2.2 in necrotic Ewing family of tumor (N = 1) aided in early diagnosis.ConclusionMyelonecrosis may retain tumor antigenicity, and immunohistochemistry using selected panel of antibodies should be tried in such challenging cases for an early presumptive diagnosis and further decision making.
Comparison of the safety and efficacy between the prone split‐leg and Galdakao‐modified supine Valdivia positions during endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery: A multi‐institutional analysis
Authors: Hamamoto Shuzo , Okada Shinsuke , Inoue Takaaki , Taguchi Kazumi , Kawase Kengo , Okada Tomoki , Chaya Ryosuke , Hattori Tatsuya , Okada Atsushi , Matsuda Tadashi , Yasui Takahiro ,   the SMART Study Group
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of the prone split‐leg and the Galdakao‐modified supine Valdivia positions during endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery.MethodsA multi‐institutional, retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 2014 and December 2018. The stone‐free and complication rates were compared between the prone split‐leg and the Galdakao‐modified supine Valdivia positions. Anatomical variations were evaluated using contrast‐enhanced computed tomography imaging.ResultsIn total, 118 and 100 patients underwent endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery in the prone split‐leg and Galdakao‐modified supine Valdivia positions, respectively. Renal punctures in the prone split‐leg position were predominantly executed through the lower calyces (78.0%), whereas those in the Galdakao‐modified supine Valdivia position were primarily performed through the middle calyces (64.0%; P < 0.001). Surgical duration in the prone split‐leg position was significantly shorter than that in the Galdakao‐modified supine Valdivia position (106.5 vs 126.0 min; P = 0.0459). There were no significant differences in the stone‐free rate between the two positions (78.8% vs 76.0%; P = 0.629). Incidences of urinary tract injury (P = 0.033) and febrile urinary tract infection (23.7% vs 10.0%; P = 0.011) in the prone split‐leg position were significantly higher than that in the Galdakao‐modified supine Valdivia position. The tilt of the major renal axis was significantly greater in the prone position than the corresponding values in the oblique position (19.4° vs 8.5°; P = 0.019).ConclusionsAnatomical variation might result in the differences of renal puncture calyx. Endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery in the Galdakao‐modified supine Valdivia position may bring equal stone‐free status, with a longer surgical time but fewer complications including febrile urinary tract infection and urinary tract injury than the prone split‐leg position.
Comprehensive characterization of pathological stage‐related genes of papillary thyroid cancer along with survival prediction
Authors: Xu Lei , Liu Feng , Li Haiyan , Li Menglong , Xie Yongmei , Li Zhihui , Guo Yanzhi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIt is crucial to understand the differences across papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) stages, so as to provide a basis for individualized treatments. Here, comprehensive function characterization of PTC stage‐related genes was performed and a new prognostic signature was developed for advanced patients. Two gene modules were confirmed to be closely associated with PTC stages and further six hub genes were identified that yield excellent diagnostic efficiency between tumour and normal tissues. Genetic alteration analysis indicates that they are much conservative since mutations in the DNA of them rarely occur, but changes of DNA methylation on these six genes show that 12 DNA methylation sites are significantly associated with their corresponding genes' expression. Validation data set testing also suggests that these six stage‐related hub genes would be probably potential biomarkers for marking four stages. Subsequently, a 21‐mRNA‐based prognostic risk model was constructed for PTC stage III/IV patients and it could effectively predict the survival of patients with strong prognostic ability. Functional analysis shows that differential expression genes between high‐ and low‐risk patients would promote the progress of PTC to some extent. Moreover, tumour microenvironment (TME) of high‐risk patients may be more conducive to tumour growth by ESTIMATE analysis.
Acupuncture for functional gastrointestinal disorders: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Xi‐yang , Wang Hao , Guan Yuan‐yuan , Cai Rong‐lin , Shen Guo‐ming 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe therapeutic effect of acupuncture treatments (AT) on functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) is contentious. A meta‐analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for FGIDs.MethodsThe Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PUBMED, Web of Science, Wanfang Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and VIP Database were searched through December 31, 2019 with no language restrictions. Risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to determine the improvement in symptom severity after treatment.ResultsA total of 61 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on FGIDs were included. The pooled results illustrated the following: compared to pharmacotherapy (RR 1.13, 95% CI 1.09–1.17), placebo acupuncture (RR 1.69, 95% CI 1.37–2.08), no specific treatment (RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.31–2.62), and AT as an adjuvant intervention to other active treatments (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.21–1.30), AT had more favorable improvements in symptom severity; sub‐group analysis results classified according to functional dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, and functional constipation also supported this finding; and the incidence of adverse events was lower in AT than in other treatments (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.56–0.99).ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis found that AT was significantly associated with relief of FGIDs symptoms; however, the evidence level was moderate or low. Further data from rigorously designed and well powered RCTs are needed to verify the effectiveness and safety of AT as a FGIDs treatment.PROSPERO PROTOCOL NUMBER: CRD42020169508.
Nutrient adequacy, dietary patterns and diet quality among children with and without intellectual disabilities
Authors: Bandini L. G. , Curtin C. , Phillips S. M. , Rogers G. T. , Eliasziw M. , Perelli J. , Jay L. , Maslin M. , Must A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundChildren with intellectual disabilities (ID) frequently have feeding problems, but there has been limited research on nutrient intake, dietary patterns and diet quality in this population.MethodNutrient intakes, dietary patterns and the Healthy Eating Index were compared between 48 children with ID and 55 typically developing (TD) children aged 3–8 years who participated in the Children's Mealtime Study. Three‐day food records that included two weekdays and one weekend day were used to assess dietary intake. Food intake was entered into the Nutrition Data System for Research for analysis of nutrient intake, dietary patterns and diet quality. Height and weight were measured to determine body mass index (BMI). The relation of dietary patterns to weight status was also assessed.ResultsTypically developing children and children with ID met the Estimated Average Requirement/Adequate Intake (EAR/AI) for most nutrients. However, a substantial number of children in both groups did not meet the EAR for vitamins E and D and calcium and the AI for vitamin K. Only one TD child met the AI for potassium. A small percentage of children in both groups did not meet the EAR for vitamin A and vitamin C, and in the ID group, a small percentage did not meet the EAR for vitamin B12. Children in the ID group consumed, on average, fewer servings of vegetables than TD children (0.5 vs. 1.2, P < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in servings of fruit (0.8 vs. 1.1, respectively), fruit juice (less than a half serving in both groups), sugar‐sweetened beverages (less than a half serving in both groups) or snacks (1.1 vs. 1.4, respectively) after adjusting for BMI z‐score, parental education and race. We found a significant correlation between snack intake and BMI z‐score among children with ID but not among TD children (r = 0.48, P < 0.0001 vs. r = 0.19, P = 0.16, respectively). The Healthy Eating Index indicated, on average, poor overall diet quality in both groups (58.2 in the ID group and 59.1 in the TD group).ConclusionsThis study suggests that the diets of children with ID, as in TD children, need improvement. Targeting healthy eating in children with ID would improve diet quality and overall health.
Roars, groans and moans: Anatomical correlates of vocal diversity in polygynous deer
Authors: Frey Roland , Wyman Megan Tompkins , Johnston Malcolm , Schofield Michael , Locatelli Yann , Reby David 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEurasian deer are characterized by the extraordinary diversity of their vocal repertoires. Male sexual calls range from roars with relatively low fundamental frequency (hereafter fo) in red deer Cervus elaphus, to moans with extremely high fo in sika deer Cervus nippon, and almost infrasonic groans with exceptionally low fo in fallow deer Dama dama. Moreover, while both red and fallow males are capable of lowering their formant frequencies during their calls, sika males appear to lack this ability. Female contact calls are also characterized by relatively less pronounced, yet strong interspecific differences. The aim of this study is to examine the anatomical bases of these inter‐specific and inter‐sexual differences by identifying if the acoustic variation is reflected in corresponding anatomical variation. To do this, we investigated the vocal anatomy of male and female specimens of each of these three species. Across species and sexes, we find that the observed acoustic variability is indeed related to expected corresponding anatomical differences, based on the source‐filter theory of vocal production. At the source level, low fo is associated with larger vocal folds, whereas high fo is associated with smaller vocal folds: sika deer have the smallest vocal folds and male fallow deer the largest. Red and sika deer vocal folds do not appear to be sexually dimorphic, while fallow deer exhibit strong sexual dimorphism (after correcting for body size differences). At the filter level, the variability in formants is related to the configuration of the vocal tract: in fallow and red deer, both sexes have evolved a permanently descended larynx (with a resting position of the larynx much lower in males than in females). Both sexes also have the potential for momentary, call‐synchronous vocal tract elongation, again more pronounced in males than in females. In contrast, the resting position of the larynx is high in both sexes of sika deer and the potential for further active vocal tract elongation is virtually absent in both sexes. Anatomical evidence suggests an evolutionary reversal in larynx position within sika deer, that is, a secondary larynx ascent. Together, our observations confirm that the observed diversity of vocal behaviour in polygynous deer is supported by strong anatomical differences, highlighting the importance of anatomical specializations in shaping mammalian vocal repertoires. Sexual selection is discussed as a potential evolutionary driver of the observed vocal diversity and sexual dimorphisms.
Two females presenting primary amenorrhea diagnosed with Kallmann syndrome caused by novel FGFR1 variants
Authors: Xia Junke , Luo Xiao , Zhang Xinyuan , Kong Xiangdong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPrimary amenorrhea as the common symptom has a complicated etiology, and genetic disorders are non‐negligible. Kallmann syndrome (KS) is a rare inherited disease characterized by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia. KS is uncommon in women and is an unusual cause of primary amenorrhea. Herein, we described the clinical features in two female patients presenting primary amenorrhea without puberty. Magnetic resonance imaging showed dysplastic or absent olfactory bulbs and tracts. Eventually, they were diagnosed with KS caused by FGFR1 novel variants, c.315_317delCCCinsTT and c.1081G>A, using whole‐exome sequencing (WES). We emphasize that KS should be considered in females presenting primary amenorrhea and anosmia, and recommend that WES should be a priority in the patients presenting primary amenorrhea without secondary sex characteristics.
Spontaneously conceived heterotopic pregnancy with abdominal pregnancy implanted on the vesicouterine pouch: A case report and literature review
Authors: Ozawa Nobuaki , Shibata Megumi , Mitsui Mari , Umehara Nagayoshi , Samura Osamu , Sago Haruhiko 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe report the case of a 36‐year‐old woman with spontaneously conceived heterotopic pregnancy with abdominal pregnancy. She visited the hospital at 5 weeks and 4 days of gestation and transvaginal ultrasonography revealed a normal intrauterine pregnancy. Two days later, she was urgently transported to the hospital due to extreme abdominal pain. Emergent laparotomy was performed to investigate the cause of massive intraperitoneal bleeding, which was confirmed to have been due to an abdominal pregnancy that implanted on the vesicouterine pouch. The hematic mass, including chorionic villi, was successfully removed from the peritoneum. The subsequent course of the intrauterine pregnancy was uneventful and a healthy baby was born at term. To the best of our knowledge, this is an extremely rare case report of a spontaneously conceived heterotopic abdominal pregnancy, in which the intrauterine pregnancy showed a successful outcome despite the collapse of the abdominal pregnancy at a very early stage.
Sleep and circadian rhythms: pillars of health—a Keystone Symposia report
Authors: Cable Jennifer , Schernhammer Eva , Hanlon Erin C. , Vetter Céline , Cedernaes Jonathan , Makarem Nour , Dashti Hassan S. , Shechter Ari , Depner Christopher , Ingiosi Ashley , Blume Christine , Tan Xiao , Gottlieb Elie , Benedict Christian , Van Cauter Eve , St‐Onge Marie‐Pierre 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe human circadian system consists of the master clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus as well as in peripheral molecular clocks located in organs throughout the body. This system plays a major role in the temporal organization of biological and physiological processes, such as body temperature, blood pressure, hormone secretion, gene expression, and immune functions, which all manifest consistent diurnal patterns. Many facets of modern life, such as work schedules, travel, and social activities, can lead to sleep/wake and eating schedules that are misaligned relative to the biological clock. This misalignment can disrupt and impair physiological and psychological parameters that may ultimately put people at higher risk for chronic diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other metabolic disorders. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate sleep circadian rhythms may ultimately lead to insights on behavioral interventions that can lower the risk of these diseases. On February 25, 2021, experts in sleep, circadian rhythms, and chronobiology met virtually for the Keystone eSymposium “Sleep & Circadian Rhythms: Pillars of Health” to discuss the latest research for understanding the bidirectional relationships between sleep, circadian rhythms, and health and disease.
Accuracy of direct insertion of TADs in the anterior palate with respect to a 3D‐assisted digital insertion virtual planning
Authors: Iodice Giorgio , Nanda Ravindra , Drago Sara , Repetto Laura , Tonoli Giorgio , Silvestrini‐Biavati Armando , Migliorati Marco 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundDirect and 3D‐assisted methods are an available alternative when inserting temporary anchorage devices (TADs) in the anterior palate for orthodontic anchorage. This study aimed to evaluate the differences between a planned insertion versus a direct method on digital models.Settings and sample populationSeventy TADs were inserted by the direct insertion method in 35 patients who needed palatal TADs for orthodontic anchorage. For each patient, placement was independently planned by the superimposition of lateral cephalograms and corresponding plaster models. After mini‐implant placement, impressions were taken with scanbodies. For the measurement of both linear and angle deviations, virtual planning models and postoperative oral scans were compared using 3D software for automatic surface registration and calculations.ResultsComparing TADs positioned by the direct method and the digitally planned method, a mean linear distance was found of 2.54 ± 1.51 mm in the occlusal view and 2.41 ± 1.33 mm in the sagittal view. No significant difference has been found between TADs positioned in the right and left palatal sides. A mean distance of 7.65 ± 2.16 mm was found between the tip of the digitally planned TAD and the central incisors root apex.ConclusionsBoth direct and 3D‐assisted TAD insertion methods are safe and accurate in the anterior palate. However, the use of insertion guides facilitates TAD insertion, allowing less‐experienced clinicians to use palatal implants.
Adversities in Syria and their relation to their physical and mental health conditions as Syrian refugees in Turkey
Authors: Balcilar Mehmet , Nugent Jeffrey B. , Xu Jiahui 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which different health problems among Syrian refugees in Turkey can be traced back to three different conditions in Syria (Family Member Killed, House Damaged, and Income) as well as to Commonality among Neighbors back in Syria as well as in Turkey. As is common, the findings show their effects on mental health to be most common, especially among females, but also that (1) the effects on diseases and physical/mobility problems are also quite significant, (2) in most cases, the effects of income in Syria on Health adversities are positive, and (3) that some of these adverse effects have been growing over time since fleeing Syria.
Comparability of six different immunoassays measuring SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies with neutralizing antibody levels in convalescent plasma: From utility to prediction
Authors: Lamikanra Abigail , Nguyen Dung , Simmonds Peter , Williams Sarah , Bentley Emma M. , Rowe Cathy , Otter Ashley David , Brooks Tim , Gilmour Kimberly , Mai Annabelle , Dadhra Jusvinder , Csatari Mabel , Ziyenge Sheba , Oliveira Marta , Ploeg Rutger , Tsang Pat , Zambon Maria , Gopal Robin , Xiao Julie Huiyuan , Townsend Alain , Roberts David , Harvala Heli 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundConvalescent plasma (CP) therapy for coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) provides virus‐neutralizing antibodies that may ameliorate the outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infections. The effectiveness of CP likely depends on its antiviral neutralizing potency and is determined using in vitro neutralizing antibody assays.Study design and methodsWe evaluated abilities of three immunoassays for anti‐spike antibodies (EUROimmun, Ortho, Roche), a pseudotype‐based neutralization assay, and two assays that quantify ACE2 binding of spike protein (GenScript and hemagglutination test [HAT]‐based assay) to predict neutralizing antibody titers in 113 CP donations. Assay outputs were analyzed through linear regression and calculation of sensitivities and specificities by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsMedian values of plasma samples containing neutralizing antibodies produced conversion factors for assay unitage of ×6.5 (pseudotype), ×19 (GenScript), ×3.4 (HAT assay), ×0.08 (EUROimmun), ×1.64 (Roche), and ×0.10 (Ortho). All selected assays were sufficient in identifying the high titer donations based on ROC analysis; area over curve ranged from 91.7% for HAT and GenScript assay to 95.6% for pseudotype assay. However, their ability to predict the actual neutralizing antibody levels varied substantially as shown by linear regression correlation values (from 0.27 for Ortho to 0.61 for pseudotype assay).DiscussionOverall, the study data demonstrate that all selected assays were effective in identifying donations with high neutralizing antibody levels and are potentially suitable as surrogate assays for donation selection for CP therapy.