bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theoretical investigation of novel half Heusler compounds MRhSb (M = Nb & Ta): For optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications
Authors: Hamli Meryem , Bensaid Djillali , Benkada Amel , Bouzouira Nour eddine , Bencherif Kadour , Benzoudji Fathi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe main objective of this work is to make a detailed study on a new class of half heuslers which possess a 19 valence electron and which are sought for perpetually because of their thermoelectric performances. The mechanical, electronic structures, optical, and electrical transport properties are studied using full potential linearized augmented plane wave (LAPW) + local orbitals (lo) scheme, in the framework of density functional theory (DFT) with generalized gradient approximation (GGA) for the purpose of exchange correlation energy functional. The electronic structure is treated by the TB‐mBJ exchange‐correlation potentials. The independent elastic constants and the related mechanical properties are investigated. From the energy bands and density of states it is observed that the 3d‐states of Nb, Ta, and Rh atoms contribute mainly to the conduction band, which results in increase in electrical and thermal conductivity of NbRhSb and TaRhSb . The optical constants as the dielectric function, refractive index, optical reflectivity, and absorption coefficient were calculated and discussed in detail. The dependence of Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, and power factor on the Fermi level is investigated.
An Efficient Polymer Supported Palladium Catalyst for ortho Selective C−H Olefination of Anilides
Authors: Saranya Thachora Venu , Sruthi Pambingal Rajan , Ayana Nambokkil , Anas Saithalavi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe development of a novel heterogeneous polymer supported palladium catalyst for the oxidative C−H olefination of anilides is described. The catalyst was realized by immobilizing Palladium acetate over ethylene diamine modified Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and characterized by means of FTIR, XRD and XPS analyses which evidenced the complexation of Pd(OAc)2 with the chelating groups in the polymer. The resulting supported complex (en‐PAN‐Pd) was then explored as an efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalyst for ortho selective C−H activation of anilides on reaction with a number of alkyl acrylates. This reaction protocol serves as a useful and greener method for the synthesis of o‐alkenyl anilides under mild reaction conditions. The catalyst also exhibited good recyclability and reusability without losing much catalytic activity.
The “Chemistree” of Porous Coordination Networks: Taxonomic Classification of Porous Solids to Guide Crystal Engineering Studies
Authors: O'Hearn Daniel J. , Bajpai Alankriti , Zaworotko Michael J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNew approaches to gas/vapor storage and purification are urgently needed to address the large energy footprint, cost, and/or risk associated with existing technologies. In this context, new classes of porous physisorbents, exemplified by porous coordination networks (PCNs), have emerged. There are now >100 000 entries in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) metal‐organic framework (MOF) subset and the rate of publication, >5000 per year, grows unabatedly. The number of PCNs makes it infeasible to test all of them for sorption performance and it is therefore timely to introduce a classification approach based upon taxonomy to supplement topological classification of PCNs. This taxonomic approach complements existing databases such as the CSD and enable the design (crystal engineering) of new families of PCNs. It also categorizes existing PCNs in a manner useful to crystal engineers. The internal consistency of the taxonomic approach is verified by case studies of several well‐known PCNs whereas its utility is demonstrated upon understudied topologies and hard‐to‐rationalize infinite rod building blocks. Overall, taxonomic classification enables a traffic light system to direct crystal engineers towards finding a “needle in haystack,” that is, a family (platform) of PCNs that is amenable to crystal engineering and systematic structure/property studies.
Interfacial Super‐Assembly of T‐Mode Janus Porous Heterochannels from Layered Graphene and Aluminum Oxide Array for Smart Oriented Ion Transportation
Authors: Zhang Liping , Zhou Shan , Xie Lei , Wen Liping , Tang Jinyao , Liang Kang , Kong Xiangyu , Zeng Jie , Zhang Runhao , Liu Jiaqing , Qiu Beilei , Jiang Lei , Kong Biao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSalinity gradient energy existing in seawater and river water is a sustainable and environmentally energy resource that has drawn significant attention of researchers in the background of energy crisis. Nanochannel membrane with a unique nano‐confinement effect has been widely applied to harvest the salinity gradient energy. Here, Janus porous heterochannels constructed from 2D graphene oxide modified with polyamide (PA‐GO) and oxide array (anodic aluminum oxide, AAO) are prepared through an interfacial super‐assembly method, which can achieve oriented ion transportation. Compared with traditional nanochannels, the PA‐GO/AAO heterochannels with asymmetric charge distribution and T‐mode geometrical nanochannel structure shows directional ionic rectification features and outstanding cation selectivity. The resulting heterochannel membrane can achieve a high‐power density of up to 3.73 W m−2 between artificial seawater and river water. Furthermore, high energy conversion efficiency of 30.3% even in high salinity gradient can be obtained. These achievable results indicate that the PA‐GO/AAO heterochannels has significant potential application in salinity gradient energy harvesting.
Using Radio‐Frequency Identification Technology to Monitor Eurasian Beavers
Authors: Briggs Alexander J. A. , Robstad Christian A. , Rosell Frank 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTThe use of radio‐frequency identification (RFID) offers new potential in remote wildlife monitoring to reduce the invasive nature of studies requiring direct contact with study animals. Facilitated by the emergence of new technology, RFID can remotely identify individual animals implanted with passive‐integrated‐transponder (PIT) tags. We aimed to establish and assess a new technique for remote RFID for remotely and noninvasively monitoring a wild population of a semi‐aquatic mammal, the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber). A fixed reader was installed from June 2018 to July 2019 at beaver lodges within the territories of 8 family‐groups in Vestfold and Telemark, Norway, for 3 nights per lodge, with RFID antennas at lodge entrances. Microchipped beavers were detected when entering or leaving the lodge. The family‐group size recorded using RFID was compared to the known family‐group size based on live capture records and direct observations. The family‐group size recorded using RFID was smaller than the known family‐group size. However, testing suggested that individuals inhabiting a lodge with a fixed reader installed had a high probability of detection (98.44%). Fixed readers are effective where the identification of individuals at a focal point is appropriate, with unique applications for monitoring species with high fidelity to lodges or dens, or species that exhibit central‐place foraging behavior. Research using RFID through fixed PIT tag readers should be given priority for noninvasive beaver population monitoring. Whereas fixed PIT tag readers may not record entire beaver family‐groups, they provide an accurate and efficient alternative to other monitoring techniques. © 2021 The Authors. Wildlife Society Bulletin published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Wildlife Society.
Purple Martin Nest House Selection in Central Alberta, Canada
Authors: ANDERSON BRITT C. , HVENEGAARD GLEN T. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTPurple martins (Progne subis) are declining in North America and the eastern subspecies is almost fully dependent on human‐provided nesting houses. We assessed nest house selection by purple martins located at the northern edge of their range. Guidebooks anecdotally describe the importance of house color, building material, hole shape, height, presence of shrubs, vertical accessibility, and distances to trees, water bodies, human houses, and neighboring nest houses; however, these recommendations have little supporting research. Based on data from 2006 to 2018 in Camrose, Alberta, Canada, occupancy was predicted by vertical accessibility, the absence of shrubs at the base of a nest house, location on city‐owned land, and closer proximity to water. Purple martin landlords can build and manage nest houses with certain characteristics to promote greater nesting occupancy by purple martins, thus contributing to more effective purple martin conservation efforts. © 2021 The Wildlife Society.
Large-N SU(N) Yang-Mills theories with milder topological freezing
Authors: Bonanno Claudio , Bonati Claudio , D’Elia Massimo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We simulate 4d SU(N) pure-gauge theories at large N using a parallel tempering scheme that combines simulations with open and periodic boundary conditions, implementing the algorithm originally proposed by Martin Hasenbusch for 2d CPN–1 models. That allows to dramatically suppress the topological freezing suffered from standard local algorithms, reducing the autocorrelation time of Q2 up to two orders of magnitude. Using this algorithm in combination with simulations at non-zero imaginary θ we are able to refine state-of-the-art results for the large-N behavior of the quartic coefficient of the θ-dependence of the vacuum energy b2, reaching an accuracy comparable with that of the large-N limit of the topological susceptibility.
Implicit Equations Involving the p-Laplace Operator
Authors: Marino Greta , Paratore Andrea 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this work we study the existence of solutions$$u \in W^{1,p}_0(\Omega )$$u∈W01,p(Ω)to the implicit elliptic problem$$ f(x, u, \nabla u, \Delta _p u)= 0$$f(x,u,∇u,Δpu)=0in$$ \Omega $$Ω, where$$ \Omega $$Ωis a bounded domain in$$ {\mathbb {R}}^N $$RN,$$ N \ge 2 $$N≥2, with smooth boundary$$ \partial \Omega $$∂Ω,$$ 1< p< \infty $$1<p<∞, and$$ f:\Omega \times {\mathbb {R}}\times {\mathbb {R}}^N \times {\mathbb {R}}\rightarrow {\mathbb {R}}$$f:Ω×R×RN×R→R. We choose the particular case when the functionfcan be expressed in the form$$ f(x, z, w, y)= \varphi (x, z, w)- \psi (y) $$f(x,z,w,y)=φ(x,z,w)-ψ(y), where the function$$ \psi $$ψdepends only on thep-Laplacian$$ \Delta _p u $$Δpu. We also present some applications of our results.
Metric Fourier Approximation of Set-Valued Functions of Bounded Variation
Authors: Berdysheva Elena E. , Dyn Nira , Farkhi Elza , Mokhov Alona 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe introduce and investigate an adaptation of Fourier series to set-valued functions (multifunctions, SVFs) of bounded variation. In our approach we define an analogue of the partial sums of the Fourier series with the help of the Dirichlet kernel using the newly defined weighted metric integral. We derive error bounds for these approximants. As a consequence, we prove that the sequence of the partial sums converges pointwisely in the Hausdorff metric to the values of the approximated set-valued function at its points of continuity, or to a certain set described in terms of the metric selections of the approximated multifunction at a point of discontinuity. Our error bounds are obtained with the help of the new notions of one-sided local moduli and quasi-moduli of continuity which we discuss more generally for functions with values in metric spaces.
Influence of wood pretreatment and fly ash particle size on the performance of geopolymer wood composite
Authors: Asante Bright , Schmidt Goran , Teixeira Ronaldo , Krause Andreas , Savastano Junior Holmer 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn search for greener building materials, geopolymer wood composites (GWC) were produced through alkali activation of fly ash, using pine and eucalypt wood particles. The study examined the influence of grinding fly ash, wood species and hot water treatment of wood particles on the physical properties and specific compressive strength of GWC before and after 200 cycles of soaking and drying. Ash-grinding affected particle size distribution, as the hot water pretreatment of the wood affected its extractives. The particle size analysis showed that grinding decreased the mean particle size of raw ash by 55% and played a major role in the composite’s properties, as lower densities and specific strength with high water absorption were recorded for GWC from raw ash than from ground ash. The ash-grinding step doubled the specific strength of the composites before the aging test. A decrease in specific strength (15–32%) was observed for all composites after the soaking and drying cycles. Hot water washing of the wood resulted in a 47% and 67% reduction in the extractive content of the pine and eucalypt particles, respectively. An improvement of 27% and 3% was noted in specific strength values respectively for GWC with treated pine and eucalypt particles. In general, lower specific strength was recorded for pine-based composites than eucalypt ones, due to the fast impregnation and high water absorption from the mixture by pine particles. It was revealed that hot water treatment of wood improves GWC properties less compared to wood species or fly ash particle size.
An image processing algorithm for detection and analysis of slicing checks
Authors: Grubîi Victor , Johansson Jimmy 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a new method of measuring slicing checks for flat-sliced veneers was evaluated. The method is based on image analysis of veneer cross-sections, having highlighted the slicing checks using surface staining. The segmentation of the checks consists of global thresholding followed by some morphological operations. The outputs of the algorithm are check depth ratio and check frequency. The method was tested on flat-sliced oak (Quercus robur L. and Quercus petraea (Matt). Liebl.) veneers of different thicknesses (1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 mm). Two distinct wood qualities and two different cutting directions (lengthwise-sliced and plain-sliced veneers) were evaluated. The algorithm performance resulted in an overall accuracy of 85% enabling an accessible method for relatively fast and accurate measurements of slicing check characteristics in lamella cross-sections. Regression analysis indicated a lack of fixed bias but the presence of proportional bias with the presented method. Check measurements indicate that by varying cutting parameters, it is possible to achieve desired check characteristics independent of slicing thickness. The semi-automated slicing check detection method could benefit further research and optimisation of the slicing process parameters and pave the way towards industrial quality control of slicing checks. The intended area of application is veneer-laminated products for interior use with the focus on veneered wood flooring.
Anatomical repair and ligament bracing of Schenck III and IV knee joint dislocations leads to acceptable subjective and kinematic outcomes
Authors: Rosteius Thomas , Jettkant Birger , Rausch Valentin , Lotzien Sebastian , Königshausen Matthias , Schildhauer Thomas Armin , Seybold Dominik , Geßmann Jan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to analyze the outcomes of anatomical repair and ligament bracing for Schenck III and IV knee dislocation (KD).

Methods
The results of 27 patients (15 and 12 cases of Schenck III and IV KD, respectively) after a mean follow-up of 18.1 ± 12.1 months (range 6–45 months) were retrospectively reviewed. Twenty-two patients suffered high-kinetic-energy accidents, whereas five patients suffered ultralow-velocity (ULV) trauma due to obesity. The outcome measures were the Lysholm score, Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score, Knee Society Score (KSS), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and Short Form 36 (SF-36) score. A kinematic 3D gait analysis with five walking trials was performed to compare the patients and healthy controls.

Results
The mean KSS, HSS score, Lysholm score, and KOOS were 77.4 ± 14.4, 84.6 ± 11.2, 81.5 ± 10.4, and 67.3 ± 16.8, respectively. No intra- or postoperative complications occurred. The mean range of motion deficiency compared to the healthy side was 24.4 ± 18.5°. Ten patients had first-degree residual laxity of the anterior cruciate ligament; 12 and 2 patients had first- and second-degree residual laxity of the collateral ligament, respectively. Five patients underwent additional arthroscopic arthrolysis due to arthrofibrosis at an average of 6.2 ± 1.9 months (range 4–9 months) after the initial surgery. The 3D gait analysis showed no major differences in joint stability or movement between the patients and healthy controls. Only the ULV trauma patients had significantly lower outcome scores and showed larger kinematic deviations in joint movement during the gait analysis.

Conclusion
Anatomical repair with ligament bracing is a suitable surgical procedure in the treatment of KD and provides evidence in clinical practice with the benefit of early, definitive repair and preservation of the native ligaments. Patients reach acceptable subjective and objective functional outcomes, including mainly normalized gait patterns during short-term follow-up, with only minor changes in kinematics and spatial–temporal characteristics. Obese patients who suffered ULV trauma showed significantly inferior outcomes with larger deviations in joint kinematics.

Level of evidence
Level III.
Modelling systemic risk using neural network quantile regression
Authors: Keilbar Georg , Wang Weining 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe propose a novel approach to calibrate the conditional value-at-risk (CoVaR) of financial institutions based on neural network quantile regression. Building on the estimation results, we model systemic risk spillover effects in a network context across banks by considering the marginal effects of the quantile regression procedure. An out-of-sample analysis shows great performance compared to a linear baseline specification, signifying the importance that nonlinearity plays for modelling systemic risk. We then propose three network-based measures from our fitted results. First, we use the Systemic Network Risk Index (SNRI) as a measure for total systemic risk. A comparison to the existing network-based risk measures reveals that our approach offers a new perspective on systemic risk due to the focus on the lower tail and to the allowance for nonlinear effects. We also introduce the Systemic Fragility Index (SFI) and the Systemic Hazard Index (SHI) as firm-specific measures, which allow us to identify systemically relevant firms during the financial crisis.
Performance of overnight on-call radiology residents in interpreting unenhanced abdominopelvic magnetic resonance imaging studies performed for pediatric right lower quadrant abdominal pain
Authors: Sawyer David M. , Mushtaq Raza , Vedantham Srinivasan , Shareef Faryal , Desoky Sara M. , Arif-Tiwari Hina , Gilbertson-Dahdal Dorothy L. , Udayasankar Unni K. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Abdominopelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly being used to evaluate children with abdominal pain suspected of having acute appendicitis. At our institution, these examinations are preliminarily interpreted by radiology residents, especially when performed after hours.

Objective
To determine the accuracy of preliminary reports rendered by radiology residents in this setting.

Materials and methods
Three hundred seventy-seven pediatric abdominopelvic MRI examinations were included. The preliminary (resident) and final (attending) radiology reports were coded as diagnosing acute appendicitis or no acute appendicitis. The concordance between resident and attending radiologist interpretations was calculated. Additionally, both resident and attending reports were compared to available surgical pathology or clinical follow-up data.

Results
Overall concordance rate for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis was 97.1%. Concordance for verified cases of acute appendicitis was 93.4%. Concordance rates did not differ by residents’ postgraduate year levels. When compared against surgical pathology or clinical follow-up data, residents demonstrated 91.2% sensitivity and 97.6% specificity. There was no statistically significant difference in the sensitivity or specificity of resident or attending radiologist interpretations.

Conclusion
Radiology residents demonstrate high concordance with attending pediatric radiologists in their interpretations of pediatric abdominopelvic MRI for acute appendicitis. The diagnostic performances of residents and attendings were comparable.
Operationalizing Integrated Water Resource Management in Latin America: Insights from Application of the Freshwater Health Index
Authors: Bezerra Maíra Ometto , Vollmer Derek , Acero Natalia , Marques Maria Clara , Restrepo Diego , Mendoza Eddy , Coutinho Bruno , Encomenderos Ivo , Zuluaga Lina , Rodríguez Octavio , Shaad Kashif , Hauck Sarah , González Ramon , Hernandéz Francisco , Montelongo Rodolfo , Torres Eliana , Serrano Lina 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWater crises in Latin America are more a consequence of poor management than resource scarcity. Addressing water management issues through better coordination, identification of problems and solutions, and agreement on common objectives to operationalize integrated water resources management (IWRM) could greatly improve water governance in the region. Composite indices have great potential to help overcome capacity and information challenges while supporting better IWRM. We applied one such index, the Freshwater Health Index (FHI) in three river basins in Latin America (Alto Mayo, Perú; Bogotá, Colombia; and Guandu, Brazil) to assess freshwater ecosystem vitality, ecosystem services, and the water governance system in place. The approach included convening management agencies, water utilities, planning authorities, local NGOs and industries, community groups and researchers to co-implement the FHI. The results provide detailed information on the ecological integrity of each basin and the sustainability of the ecosystem services being provided. All three basins show very low scores for governance and stakeholder engagement, thus improving both in the region should be a priority. The results also shed light on how the FHI framework can help inform decision-making to improve IWRM implementation by facilitating stakeholder engagement while contributing to coordination, identification of problems and solutions as well as agreement on common objectives. Because implementation of IWRM is part of the solution for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6.5 (“By 2030, implement IWRM at all levels, including through transboundary cooperation as appropriate”), our case studies can serve as examples to other Latin American countries to achieve SDG 6.5.