bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BUDGETING AS THE BASIS FOR ASSESSING THE PERFORMANCE OF ENTERPRISES
Authors: Андреева Светлана Владимировна 
Published: February 2021

В предлагаемой статье рассматриваются вопросы необходимости и возможности повышения экономической эффективности производства на основе регулирования затрат. Новизной исследования является бюджетирование производственных затрат по этапам, которое предоставляет возможность предупреждения либо минимизацию последствий негативных явлений. Бюджет устанавливает показатели деятельности, подлежащие последующему постоянному контролю, а в процессе контроля будет иметь возможность оперативного получения информации о функционировании предприятия, оперативного вмешательства в производственную деятельность, что повысит экономическую эффективность и устойчивость предприятия, и позволит снизить риски неэффективного расходования ресурсов.
The proposed article discusses the issues of necessity and possibility of increasing the economic efficiency of production based on cost regulation. The novelty of the research is the budgeting of production costs by stages, which provides an opportunity to prevent or minimize the consequences of negative phenomena. The budget establishes performance indicators that are subject to subsequent continuous monitoring, and in the process of monitoring it will be able to obtain promptly information about the operation of the enterprise, operational intervention in production activities, which will increase the economic efficiency and sustainability of the enterprise, and reduce the risks of inefficient use of resources.
VENTURE CAPITAL AS A FACTOR OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY
Authors: Коновалова Мария Евгеньевна , Кулясов Денис Евгеньевич 
Published: February 2021

Статья посвящена выявлению роли рынка венчурного капитала в системе современных экономических отношений. Сделан вывод о том, что на современном этапе именно процесс венчурного финансирования можно рассматривать в качестве драйвера инновационного развития экономики.
The article is devoted to identifying the role of the venture capital market in the system of modern economic relations. It is concluded that at the present stage it is the process of venture financing that can be considered as a driver of innovative development of the economy.
THE BASIC TRENDS OF MODERN RUSSIAN EDUCATION
Authors: Попова Ксения Владимировна , Малышева Елена Николаевна 
Published: February 2021

Основная задача образования - вырастить личность, выпускника, способного стать успешным в социуме, готового развиваться на благо себе и обществу. В статье рассмотрены причины концептуальных изменений в российском образовании. В результате были выделены основные тренды современного образования: технологический подход, компетентностный подход и цифровизация образования.
The general task of education is to bring up a personality, an alumnus who is able to become successful in society, to be ready to develop to the benefit of himself or herself and society. This article deals with the reasons of conceptual changes in the Russian education. As a result, some basic trends of modern education have been divided: process approach, competency building approach and digitalization of education.
The Ability Of Islamic Boarding School Students In Facing The Digital Literacy Era With Critical Reading
Authors: Hafidzi Anwar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract:
In order to develop information technology, the national education system must be improved, and Pondok Pesantren is no exception. Since the ratification of Islamic Boarding School Law there have been at least four key fields, including the eight aspects of digital-age literacy, core literacy, science, information, visuals, technology, multicultural awareness and global knowledge. The tool used in the present study was to develop the teaching abilities of Islamic boarding school students and to write them through a bibliography approach and approach to education through Kelvin Seifert's digital literacy techniques, opportunities and challenges. These findings show the students' ability to learn and comprehend it again with good analytics can be enhanced with the approach to classical book studies with critical thinking skills.
Keywords: Ability; Digital-Age Literacy; Islamic education; boarding school;

Abstrak:
Untuk mengembangkan teknologi informasi, sistem pendidikan nasional harus diperbaiki, tidak terkecuali Pondok Pesantren. Sejak disahkannya UU Pesantren setidaknya terdapat empat bidang utama, yaitu delapan aspek literasi era digital, literasi inti, sains, informasi, visual, teknologi, kesadaran multikultural, dan pengetahuan global. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan kemampuan mengajar siswa pesantren dan menuliskannya melalui pendekatan bibliografi dan pendekatan pendidikan melalui teknik literasi digital, peluang dan tantangan Kelvin Seifert. Temuan ini menunjukkan kemampuan siswa untuk belajar dan memahaminya kembali dengan analitik yang baik dapat ditingkatkan dengan pendekatan studi buku klasik dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis.
Kata kunci: Kemampuan; Literasi Era Digital; Pendidikan Islam; pesantren;
La protección del Derecho a la Salud: el caso peruano
Authors: García Ascencios Frank 
Published: February 2021

La protección del derecho a la salud busca hacer efectivo su acceso en condiciones de calidad, oportunidad, disponibilidad y aceptabilidad, tal como consagra el Derecho internacional. En el plano local, en el año 2013, el Perú decide reformular el sistema de protección de salud en beneficio del paciente. Sobre la base de una bibliografía relevante y la experiencia del autor, el artículo reflexiona sobre el actual sistema dirigido por la Superintendencia Nacional de Salud y lo considera un referente en América Latina, pues otorga al Estado la capacidad para sancionar administrativamente cualquier exceso de las empresas prestadoras y financiadoras de salud y, al mismo tiempo, provee eficaces espacios alternativos, a la vía judicial, para solucionar cualquier controversia en materia de salud.

The protection of the right to health attempts to make its access effective under conditions of quality, opportunity, availability, and acceptability, as enshrined in International Law. At the local level, in 2013, Peru decided to redesign the health protection system for the benefit of the patient. Based on relevant bibliography and the author's experience, this article reflects on the current system run, by Superintendence National of Health, and considers it a benchmark in Latin America, as it gives the State the ability to administratively sanction any excess by the health providers and financing companies and, at the same time, provides effective alternative channels, other to the judiciary, to solve any controversy in health matters.
El reconocimiento del derecho a la salud de un menor discapacitado a través de la cautelar innominada
Authors: Sola Valeria de las Mercedes 
Published: February 2021

En el siguiente artículo se analiza la causa “S. I. c/ SAMI s/ amparo Ley 16986 s/ inc. apelación”, en la cual el día 12 de febrero de 2019, la Cámara Federal de Apelaciones de la ciudad de Mar del Plata, confirmó la resolución del tribunal de grado que hizo lugar a una la medida cautelar innovativa. A través de la medida se ordenaba a la empresa de medida prepaga la cobertura la cobertura del 100% de la cirugía de cierre de comunicación interventricular y ductus arterio venoso, con la correspondiente internación, como de los tratamientos de rehabilitación posteriores a la cirugía y medicación que se le recete al menor con discapacidad.

The following article analyzes the cause “S. I. c / SAMI s / amparo Law 16986 s / inc. appeal ”, in which on February 12, 2019, the Federal Court of Appeals of the city of Mar del Plata, confirmed the resolution of the grade court that led to an innovative precautionary measure. Through the measure, the prepaid measure company was ordered to cover 100% of the interventricular communication and ductus arteriovenous closure surgery, with the corresponding hospitalization, as well as the rehabilitation treatments after surgery and medication. that the minor with a disability is prescribed.
Diffuse Bands 9577 and 9633: Relations to Other Interstellar Features
Authors: Galazutdinov G. A. , Valyavin G. , Ikhsanov N. R. , Krełowski J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We study, for the first time, the relations of two strong diffuse bands (DIBs) at 9633 and 9577 Å, commonly attributed to

, to other interstellar features seen in optical and UV spectra including H i, Ca i, Fe ii, Na i, Ti ii, CN, CH, CH+, and C2 and DIBs 5780, 5797, 6196, 6269, 6284, and 6614. We analyzed 62 lines of sight where the stellar contamination by Mg ii was corrected or found negligible for DIB 9633. Equivalent widths of DIB 9577 were measured in 62 lines of sight. Poor mutual correlation between the strengths of the above features and the major diffuse bands (5780 and 5797) as well as with other DIBs (with some exceptions) were revealed. The considered DIBs are also poorly correlated with the features of neutral hydrogen, molecular carbon, and those of simple interstellar radicals. Perhaps this phenomenon can be explained if the diffuse band 9577 is an unresolved blend of two or more interstellar features. There are indications that 9633 and 9577 diffuse bands are stronger in σ-type clouds, i.e., these features resemble the behavior of reasonably broad DIBs, which are strong in the lines of sight where the UV flux from the very hot nearby stars plays an important role.
Tidally Excited Modes and δ Scuti Pulsations in the Eclipsing Triple Star IM Persei
Authors: Lee Jae Woo , Hong Kyeongsoo , Kim Hye-Young 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
IM Per is a triple star system whose eclipsing pair masses and radii are accurate to within 1%. The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) light curve of the program target exhibits partial eclipses and multiple oscillations with millimagnitude-level amplitudes. It is found that the oscillations affect eclipse timing measurements. Binary modeling of the high-quality TESS data indicates that the eclipsing components of the triple system are twin dwarfs with parameters of M
2/M
1 = 0.995, R
2/R
1 = 0.901, and Δ(

–

) = 12 K in an eccentric (e = 0.049), detached configuration. The third light of l
3 = 0.054 may mostly come from a G-type tertiary companion. Our predicted parallax of 1.52 ± 0.09 mas is concurrent with the Gaia measurement of 1.52 ± 0.05 mas. Multifrequency analysis of the outside-eclipse residuals reveals 22 significant pulsation signals: 4 in the gravity-mode region (0.03−2.22 day−1) and 18 in the pressure-mode region (9.19−25.12 day−1). Of the low frequencies, f
11 and f
14 are orbital harmonics that can be identified as tidally excited modes. The pulsation periods and constants for the high frequencies, and the position in the Cepheid instability strip demonstrate that the pulsating component of IM Per is a δ Sct variable.
Speckle Imaging Characterization of Radial Velocity Exoplanet Systems
Authors: Dalba Paul A. , Kane Stephen R. , Howell Steve B. , Horch Elliott P. , Li Zhexing , Hirsch Lea A. , Burt Jennifer , Brandt Timothy D. , Močnik Teo , Henry Gregory W. , Everett Mark E. , Rosenthal Lee J. , Howard Andrew W. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We conducted speckle imaging observations of 53 stellar systems that were members of long-term radial velocity (RV) monitoring campaigns and exhibited substantial accelerations indicative of planetary or stellar companions in wide orbits. Our observations were made with blue and red filters using the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument at Gemini-South and the NN-Explore Exoplanet Stellar Speckle Imager at the WIYN telescope. The speckle imaging identifies eight luminous companions within 2″ of the primary stars. In three of these systems—HD 1388, HD 87359, and HD 104304—the properties of the imaged companion are consistent with the RV measurements, suggesting that these companions may be associated with the primary and the cause of the RV variation. For all 53 stellar systems, we derive differential magnitude limits (i.e., contrast curves) from the imaging. We extend this analysis to include upper limits on companion mass in systems without imaging detections. In 25 systems, we rule out companions with masses greater than 0.2 M
⊙, suggesting that the observed RV signals are caused by late-M dwarfs or substellar (potentially planetary) objects. On the other hand, the joint RV and imaging analysis almost entirely rules out planetary explanations of the RV signal for HD 19522 and suggests that the companion must have an angular separation below a few tenths of an arcsecond. This work highlights the importance of combined RV and imaging observations for characterizing the outer regions of nearby planetary systems.
Target Prioritization and Observing Strategies for the NEID Earth Twin Survey
Authors: Gupta Arvind F. , Wright Jason T. , Robertson Paul , Halverson Samuel , Luhn Jacob , Roy Arpita , Mahadevan Suvrath , Ford Eric B. , Bender Chad F. , Blake Cullen H. , Hearty Fred , Kanodia Shubham , Logsdon Sarah E. , McElwain Michael W. , Monson Andrew , Ninan Joe P. , Schwab Christian , Stefánsson Guðmundur , Terrien Ryan C. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
NEID is a high-resolution optical spectrograph on the WIYN 3.5 m telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory and will soon join the new generation of extreme precision radial velocity instruments in operation around the world. We plan to use the instrument to conduct the NEID Earth Twin Survey (NETS) over the course of the next 5 years, collecting hundreds of observations of some of the nearest and brightest stars in an effort to probe the regime of Earth-mass exoplanets. Even if we take advantage of the extreme instrumental precision conferred by NEID, it will be difficult to disentangle the weak (∼10 cm s−1) signals induced by such low-mass, long-period exoplanets from stellar noise for all but the quietest host stars. In this work, we present a set of quantitative selection metrics which we use to identify an initial NETS target list consisting of stars conducive to the detection of exoplanets in the regime of interest. We also outline a set of observing strategies with which we aim to mitigate uncertainty contributions from intrinsic stellar variability and other sources of noise.
Two Luminous Post-AGB Stars in the Galactic Globular Cluster M19
Authors: Bond Howard E. , Davis Brian D. , Siegel Michael H. , Ciardullo Robin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We report the discovery of a luminous “yellow” post–asymptotic giant branch (PAGB) star in the globular cluster (GC) M19 (NGC 6273), identified during our uBVI survey of Galactic GCs. The uBVI photometric system is optimized to detect stars with large Balmer discontinuities, indicating very low surface gravities and high luminosities. The spectral energy distribution (SED) of the star is consistent with an effective temperature of about 6250 K and a surface gravity of

. We use Gaia data to show that the star’s proper motion and radial velocity are consistent with cluster membership. One aim of our program is to test yellow PAGB stars as candidate Population II standard candles for determining extragalactic distances. We derive a visual absolute magnitude of M

V
= − 3.39 ± 0.09 for the M19 star. This is in close agreement with the M

V
values found for yellow PAGB stars in the GCs ω Cen, NGC 5986, and M79, indicating a very narrow luminosity function. These objects are 4 mag brighter than RR Lyrae variables, and they can largely avoid the issues of interstellar extinction that are a problem for Population I distance indicators. We also identified a second luminous PAGB object in M19, this one a hotter “UV-bright” star. Its SED is consistent with an effective temperature of about 11,750 K and

. The two objects have nearly identical bolometric luminosities,

and 3.22, respectively.
A Simplified Photodynamical Model for Planetary Mass Determination in Low-eccentricity Multitransiting Systems
Authors: Yoffe Gideon , Ofir Aviv , Aharonson Oded 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Inferring planetary parameters from transit timing variations (TTVs) is challenging for small exoplanets because their transits may be so weak that determination of individual transit timing is difficult or impossible. We implement a useful combination of tools that together provide a numerically fast global photodynamical model. This is used to fit the TTV-bearing light curve, in order to constrain the masses of transiting exoplanets in low-eccentricity, multiplanet systems—and small planets in particular. We present inferred dynamical masses and orbital eccentricities in four multi-planet systems from Kepler's complete long-cadence data set. We test our model against Kepler-36/KOI-277, a system with some of the most precisely determined planetary masses through TTV inversion methods, and find masses of 5.56+0.41
−0.45 and 9.76+0.79
−0.89

for Kepler-36 b and c, respectively—consistent with literature in both value and error. We then improve the mass determination of the four planets in Kepler-79/KOI-152, where literature values were physically problematic to 12.5+4.5
−3.6, 9.5+2.3
−2.1, 11.3+2.2
−2.2 and 6.3+1.0
−1.0

for Kepler-79 b, c, d, and e, respectively. We provide new mass constraints where none existed before for two systems. These are 12.5+3.2
−2.6

for Kepler-450 c, and 3.3+1.7
−1.0 and 17.4+7.1
−3.8

for Kepler-595 c (previously KOI-547.03) and b, respectively. The photodynamical code used here, called PyDynamicaLC, is made publicly available.
Formation of Dust Filaments in the Diffuse Envelopes of Molecular Clouds
Authors: Beitia-Antero Leire , Gómez de Castro Ana I. , Vallejo Juan C. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The path to understanding star formation processes begins with the study of the formation of molecular clouds. The outskirts of these clouds are characterized by low column densities that allow the penetration of ultraviolet radiation, resulting in a nonnegligible ionization fraction and the charging of the small dust grains that are mixed with the gas; this diffuse phase is then coupled to the ambient magnetic field. Despite the general assumption that dust and gas are tightly correlated, several observational and theoretical studies have reported variations in the dust-to-gas ratio toward diffuse and cold clouds. In this work, we present the implementation of a new charged particles module for analyzing the dust dynamics in molecular cloud envelopes. We study the evolution of a single population of small charged grains (0.05 μm) in the turbulent, magnetized molecular cloud envelope using this module. We show that variations in the dust-to-gas ratio arise due to the coupling of the grains with the magnetic field, forming elongated dust structures decoupled from the gas. This emphasizes the importance of considering the dynamics of charged dust when simulating the different phases of the interstellar medium, especially for star formation studies.
On the Decay of Sunspot Groups and Their Internal Parts in Detail
Authors: Muraközy Judit 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The decay of sunspot groups is a relatively unknown field since most studies have focused mainly on the decay of sunspots or sunspot groups, but only on small samples. As an extension of the recent work of Muraközy (2020), which is based on a large verified sample, this study investigates not only the long-term behavior of the decay of sunspot groups but also the dynamics of their parts. The aim of the present work is to search for dependencies of the decay process in order to find physical conditions that modify or contribute to the decay. The investigations are based on the catalog of the SoHO Debrecen Sunspot Database (SDD) and the Greenwich Photoheliographic Results as well as the Debrecen Photoheliographic Data. Altogether more than 750 sunspot groups were considered. The decay rates have been calculated for the total, umbral, and penumbral area of the groups and in the case of the SDD’s groups they have been calculated for both the leading and the following parts. The decay rates depend linearly on the maximum areas and ranged from 30 to 50 millionths of the solar hemisphere (MSH) day−1 for the sunspot groups and penumbrae and 5–10 MSH day−1 for the umbrae throughout the cycle. The decay rates fall significantly during the Gnevyshev gap and show 4 + 4 Schwabe cyclical variations in the ascending/descending phases, but it is always higher in the northern hemisphere. There is a slight decrease in the decay rates in the activity range toward higher latitudes.
Detecting Reconnection Events in Kinetic Vlasov Hybrid Simulations Using Clustering Techniques
Authors: Sisti Manuela , Finelli Francesco , Pedrazzi Giorgio , Faganello Matteo , Califano Francesco , Ponti Francesca Delli 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Kinetic turbulence in magnetized space plasmas has been extensively studied via in situ observations, numerical simulations, and theoretical models. In this context, a key point concerns the formation of coherent current structures and their disruption through magnetic reconnection. We present automatic techniques aimed at detecting reconnection events in a large data set of numerical simulations. We make use of clustering techniques known as K-means and DBscan (usually referred to in literature as unsupervised machine-learning approaches), and other methods based on thresholds of standard reconnection proxies. All our techniques also use a threshold on the aspect ratio of the regions selected. We test the performance of our algorithms. We propose an optimal aspect ratio to be used in the automated machine-learning algorithm: AR = 18. The performance of the unsupervised approach results in it being strongly competitive with respect to those of other methods based on thresholds of standard reconnection proxies.
Reconciling X-Ray and λ21 cm H I Absorption Gas Column Densities toward Obscured AGN
Authors: Liszt Harvey 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Hydrogen column densities inferred from X-ray absorption are typically 5–30 times larger than the neutral atomic hydrogen column densities derived from λ21 cm H I absorption toward radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGN). Some part of the difference is ascribed to uncertainty in the spin temperature T
sp = 100 K that is often used to convert λ21 cm H I absorption to N(H I). Here we propose another way to infer the gas column from H I absorption. In our Galaxy there is a nearly linear correlation between the inteferometrically measured integrated λ21 cm absorption ϒH I and reddening, ϒH I ∝ E(B–V)1.10 for ϒH I ≳ 0.7 km s−1 or E(B–V) ≳ 0.04 mag. Scaling E(B–V) then provides the total gas column density N(H) from the same dust column that is responsible for optical obscuration and X-ray absorption, without calculating N(H I). Values of N(H) so derived typically exceed N(H I) by a factor 4 because the ubiquitous Galactic λ21 cm H I absorption samples only a portion of the interstellar gas. If the well-studied case of Hydra-A is a guide, even very large disparities in X-ray and λ21 cm gas column densities can be explained by resolving the core radio continuum and inferring N(H) from λ21 cm absorption. Milky Way conditions are often invoked in discussion of obscured AGN, so the empirical relationship seen in the Milky Way should be a relevant benchmark.