bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SecDocker: Hardening the Continuous Integration Workflow
Authors: Fernández González David , Rodríguez Lera Francisco Javier , Esteban Gonzalo , Fernández Llamas Camino 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCurrent Continuous Integration (CI) processes face significant intrinsic cybersecurity challenges. The idea is not only to solve and test formal or regulatory security requirements of source code but also to adhere to the same principles to the CI pipeline itself. This paper presents an overview of current security issues in CI workflow. It designs, develops, and deploys a new tool for the secure deployment of a container-based CI pipeline flow without slowing down release cycles. The tool, called SecDocker for its Docker-based approach, is publicly available in GitHub. It implements a transparent application firewall based on a configuration mechanism avoiding issues in the CI workflow associated with intended or unintended container configurations. Integrated with other DevOps Engineers tools, it provides feedback from only those scenarios that match specific patterns, addressing future container security issues.
Consumer Optimization and a First-Order PDE with a Non-Smooth System
Authors: Hosoya Yuhki 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe study a first-order nonlinear partial differential equation and present a necessary and sufficient condition for the global existence of its solution in a non-smooth environment. Using this result, we prove a local existence theorem for a solution to this differential equation. Moreover, we present two applications of this result. The first concerns an inverse problem called the integrability problem in microeconomic theory and the second concerns an extension of Frobenius’ theorem.
What We Do and Do Not Know About Standard Form Contracts? An Empirical Study of Wealth Management Product Contracts in China
Authors: Zhou Qin , Feng Jing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWealth management products have been popular investment vehicles in China, and they are governed by standard form contracts. Existing studies mainly focus on the risk of such products and suggest having special laws to provide more protection for customers. Little is known about the actual contents of wealth management product contracts. Based on 66 hand-collected wealth management product contracts from major Chinese commercial banks, this article tries to explore the contractual relationship between giant banks and individual customers. It also tests the exploitation theory in a Chinese context by analysing whether the wealth management product contracts are more pro-seller or pro-buyer relative to the laws and regulations in China. Our findings reinforce the argument that standard form contracts are designed in favour of the sellers. The wealth management product contracts are tilted toward the commercial banks relative to the default rules. These contracts contain massive clauses that limit banks’ liabilities and restrict customers’ choice of conflict resolution mechanisms. However, a counter-intuitive finding is that national commercial banks provide less pro-seller terms than the local ones. We argue that the explanations for such variation in contract practices among Chinese commercial banks lie in the enforcement of relevant laws and regulations and the unique nature of national commercial banks.
Tolerance and the labor supply of cohabiting gays and lesbians
Authors: Hansen Mary Eschelbach , Martell Michael E. , Roncolato Leanne 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTolerance of sexual minorities is presumed to matter, but its effects are under-studied. Because tolerance can affect both experiences at work and division of labor in the household, we study the relationship between tolerance and the time cohabiting gay men and lesbian women spend in paid work across the United States. In the average state, the increase in tolerance between 2003 and 2015 is associated with an increase in paid work of about 1 week per year among cohabiting gay men. Though not robustly statistically significant, the increase in tolerance is associated with a decrease in paid work among cohabiting lesbian women relative to heterosexual women.
DENSITY-LIKE AND GENERALIZED DENSITY IDEALS
Authors: KWELA ADAM , LEONETTI PAOLO 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe show that there exist uncountably many (tall and nontall) pairwise nonisomorphic density-like ideals on
$\omega $
which are not generalized density ideals. In addition, they are nonpathological. This answers a question posed by Borodulin-Nadzieja et al. in [this Journal, vol. 80 (2015), pp. 1268–1289]. Lastly, we provide sufficient conditions for a density-like ideal to be necessarily a generalized density ideal.
Diverse non-crop vegetation assemblages as banker plants for predatory mites in strawberry crop
Authors: Hata Fernando Teruhiko , Togni Pedro Henrique , Ventura Maurício Ursi , da Silva José Eduardo Poloni , Ferreira Nilson Zacarias , Constantino Leonel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNon-crop plant diversity plays a fundamental role in the conservation of predatory mite (PM) and can be proposed as a banker plant system (BPS). BPSs provide plants that host natural enemies in greenhouses or field crops and may improve the efficiency of biological control. The aim of this study was to investigate if a diverse plant composition could be a suitable BPS for PMs in strawberry crops. A plant inventory characterized 22 species of non-crop plants harboring PMs. The most abundant PMs, in decreasing order, were Neoseiulus californicus, Neoseiulus anonymus, Euseius citrifolius, and Euseius concordis. PMs were randomly distributed among plants. We also found specific associations of Phytoseiidae species and phytophagous or generalist mites on plants. Due to this, four species were deemed suitable as banker plants: Capsicum sp., Leonurus sibiricus, Solanum americanum, and Urochloa mutica. Moreover, these plants combined a high PMs density and a low occurrence or absence of pest-mites. This study suggests shifting the traditional view that BPSs are composed of a limited number of species to use plant assemblages. This contributes to both conservation and augmentative biological control.
Reproductive and feeding biology of unicorn leatherjacket, Aluterus monoceros from the Bay of Bengal, Northern Indian Ocean
Authors: Ghosh Shubhadeep , Hoshalli Manas Munivenkatappa , Mamidi Satishkumar , Rohit Prathibha , Achamveetil Gopalakrishnan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNo prior comprehensive information on the reproductive biology and trophodynamics of Aluterus monoceros was globally available. The present study was performed on 1036 individuals landed along the western Bay of Bengal during 2017 to 2019. Length ranged between 25.3–64.4 cm in females (mean at 48.34 cm) and from 21.5–64.1 cm in males (mean at 47.83 cm). Growth was negatively allometric with no significant difference between sexes. Sex ratio (F:M) was 1.03 with variations based on sizes and months. Size at sexual maturity for females and males was 40.85 and 41.60 cm, respectively. The species spawned throughout the year with major and minor peaks during February to May and October and November. Absolute fecundity increased linearly with length and weight and ranged from 33,640 eggs to 12,39,202 eggs. Stomachs were empty or with trace amounts of food in 59.17%, part-full in 34.07% and full in 6.76% of the fishes. Stomach vacuity and fullness and predator–prey weight ratios varied with an increase in body size, implying higher feeding intensity in large-sized fishes. Feeding activity was more intense during June–August and less during the peak spawning months. The species is omnivorous and a bottom feeder. Teleosts contributed the most to the prey items (43.23% by Index of Preponderance) implying preference for carnivory. Ontogenetic shifts and seasonal variations in prey items were observed. The present study provides paramount information that can significantly contribute to the management and conservation of monacanthid stocks in northern Indian Ocean.
Government profiles as perceived by governments’ NPO partners in Chinese social service delivery
Authors: LI YANWEI , NI XIANLIN , WEI HAN 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSocial services in China nowadays are increasingly coproduced by both government and non-profit organizations (NPOs). However, we still know little about how NPOs perceive their government partners in social service delivery. Using a Q methodology, this study remedies this gap and identifies three profiles – namely, government as a distant facilitator, government as a hands-off collaborator, and government as a prudent principal. Also, it has been found that two conditions – namely, NPOs’ development stage and funding resources – influence their perceptions on government in social service delivery. These three profiles provide new insights into NPOs’ perceptions of their government partners in social service delivery, and they add new building blocks to existing literature, specifically on the government–NPO relationship in China.
Employer Responses to Legislation Protecting Non-Regular Workers: Evidence from South Korea
Authors: KO HYEJIN , WEAVER ANDREW 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMany countries have taken steps to address employment insecurity by enacting employment protection legislation (EPL) for non-regular workers. Although the aggregate impacts of EPL reforms have been examined in the literature, less attention has been paid to the heterogeneous ways that different types of employers respond to these reforms. In this paper, we seek to shed additional light on the impact of non-regular workforce protections by investigating the response of establishments to legal changes in Korea in 2007. We employ a difference-in-difference framework to explore which establishment characteristics predict that employers will convert non-regular workers to regular status. Results indicate that, in the short term, the Korean labor reforms led to increased conversions of fixed-term workers to permanent status. Establishments that have shifted risk onto workers via the use of performance pay are more likely to extend permanent status to non-regular workers. However, establishments that provide favorable employment conditions were less likely to convert. Unions play a double-edged role. Unions in large establishments with a wide range of occupational categories are associated with relatively greater conversion of outsiders to regular status, while unions in smaller, more resource-constrained establishments with a narrower occupational focus are associated with more exclusionary behavior.
Comparing Government Social Welfare Service Acquisition Regimes: Marketisation and Bases for Competition in Canadian and English Homelessness
Authors: PUE KRISTEN 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWhen governments acquire third-party social welfare services (SWS), they create institutions of acquisition. The rules and practices that governments adopt define who is able to participate, on what basis, and how prices are determined. This paper conceptualizes the institutions of SWS acquisition, their variations, and implications, in order to contribute to a deeper understanding of the link between contracting and nonprofit commercialisation. Institutions of SWS acquisition include rules of entry, participation, and assessment. Resulting acquisition regimes can be marketised to a greater or lesser extent, and this is influential through its effect on nonprofit competition. Drawing on interviews with public servants and nonprofit staff, the paper compares acquisition regimes for homelessness services in England, a regime that closely resembles a market, and Canada, a regime which is not marketised. In contrast to their non-marketised counterparts, this paper finds that marketised SWS acquisition regimes create incentives for participants to reduce prices by loss-leading or ratcheting down service quality.
Family as a Redistributive Principle of the Welfare State. The Case of Germany
Authors: FRERICKS PATRICIA , GURÍN MARTIN , HÖPPNER JULIA 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFamily is one of the major principles of welfare state redistribution. It has, however, rarely been at the centre of welfare state research. This contribution intends to help remedy the research gap in family-related redistribution. By examining the German welfare state which is known to be both redistributive and family-oriented, we want to answer the question of how and how far the German welfare state institutionalises family as a redistributive principle. Our case-study of German welfare state regulations in terms of family is based on the tax-benefit microsimulation model EUROMOD and its Hypothetical Household Tool (HHoT). We differentiate 54 family forms to adequately reflect our three theoretical assumptions, which are: (1) redistributive logics differ across family forms, and in part markedly; (2) these differences are not the result of one coherent set of regulations, but of an interplay of partially contradictory regulations; (3) family as a redistributive principle manifests itself not only in terms of additional benefits to families, but also in terms of particular obligations of families to financially support family members before they are entitled to public support. These aspects have hardly been analysed before and combining them allows a clear evaluation of family-related redistribution.
3D Active Source Seismic Imaging of the Alpine Fault Zone and the Whataroa Glacial Valley in New Zealand
Authors: Lay Vera , Buske Stefan , Townend John , Kellett Richard , Savage Martha , Schmitt Douglas R. , Constantinou Alexis , Eccles Jennifer D. , Gorman Andrew R. , Bertram Malcolm , Hall Kevin , Lawton Don , Kofman Randolph 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe Alpine Fault zone in New Zealand marks a major transpressional plate boundary that is late in its typical earthquake cycle. Understanding the subsurface structures is crucial to understand the tectonic processes taking place. A unique seismic survey including 2D lines, a 3D array, and borehole recordings, has been performed in the Whataroa Valley and provides new insights into the Alpine Fault zone down to ∼2 km depth at the location of the Deep Fault Drilling Project (DFDP)‐2 drill site. Seismic images are obtained by focusing prestack depth migration approaches. Despite the challenging conditions for seismic imaging within a sediment filled glacial valley and steeply dipping valley flanks, several structures related to the valley itself as well as the tectonic fault system are imaged. A set of several reflectors dipping 40°–56° to the southeast are identified in a ∼600 m wide zone that is interpreted to be the minimum extent of the damage zone. Different approaches image one distinct reflector dipping at ∼40°, which is interpreted to be the main Alpine Fault reflector located only ∼100 m beneath the maximum drilled depth of the DFDP‐2B borehole. At shallower depths (z < 0.5 km), additional reflectors are identified as fault segments with generally steeper dips up to 56°. Additionally, a glacially over‐deepened trough with nearly horizontally layered sediments and a major fault (z < 0.5 km) are identified 0.5–1 km south of the DFDP‐2B borehole. Thus, a complex structural environment is seismically imaged and shows the complexity of the Alpine Fault at Whataroa.
Hemispheric Asymmetry in Future Wave Power Changes: Seasonality and Physical Mechanisms
Authors: Patra Anindita , Min Seung‐Ki , Son Seok‐Woo , Yeh Sang‐Wook 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study inspects the global changes in ocean wave power (WP) by the end of the 21st century, relative to the 1979–2005 period, focusing on seasonality and physical mechanisms. The multimodel ocean wave simulations from WAVEWATCH‐III, forced with surface winds simulated by seven different CMIP5 global climate models, are particularly examined. These models robustly show a hemispheric asymmetry in WP changes, that is, a decrease in the Northern Hemisphere but an increase in the tropics and Southern Hemisphere, with large seasonal and regional variations. Individual terms of differential WP, which include wave height and wave period changes, are analyzed to isolate the role of each process. Although wave height changes dominate the overall WP changes, wave period changes also play a comparable role in the Southern Hemisphere extratropics especially in the Indian Ocean sector during austral winter (12%). Wave period increase is strikingly higher in austral winter than summer, resembling swell height changes in the Southern Ocean. Intermodel correlation and composite analyses further indicate that the WP increase in the Southern Hemisphere is closely associated with positive Southern Annular Mode (SAM) trend. On the other hand, the WP decrease in the Northern Hemisphere is robustly related with weakened meridional surface temperature gradient during winter, a consequence of Arctic amplification. As a result, models with higher positive SAM trend and larger Arctic warming project stronger hemispheric asymmetries in WP changes.
Long non-coding RNA HOMER3-AS1 drives hepatocellular carcinoma progression via modulating the behaviors of both tumor cells and macrophages
Authors: Pu Jian , Li Wenchuan , Wang Anmin , Zhang Ya , Qin Zebang , Xu Zuoming , Wang Jianchu , Lu Yan , Tang Qianli , Wei Huamei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe crosstalk between cancer cells and tumor microenvironment plays critical roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The identification of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) mediating the crosstalk might promote the development of new therapeutic strategies against HCC. Here, we identified a lncRNA, HOMER3-AS1, which is over-expressed in HCC and correlated with poor survival of HCC patients. HOMER3-AS1 promoted HCC cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion, and reduced HCC cellular apoptosis. Furthermore, HOMER3-AS1 promoted macrophages recruitment and M2-like polarization. In vivo, HOMER3-AS1 significantly facilitated HCC progression. Mechanism investigations revealed that HOMER3-AS1 activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling via upregulating HOMER3. Functional rescue experiments revealed that HOMER3/Wnt/β-catenin axis mediated the roles of HOMER3-AS1 in promoting HCC cellular malignant phenotypes. Furthermore, colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) was also identified as a critical downstream target of HOMER3-AS1. HOMER3-AS1 increased CSF-1 expression and secretion. Blocking CSF-1 reversed the roles of HOMER3-AS1 in inducing macrophages recruitment and M2 polarization. Furthermore, positive correlations between HOMER3-AS1 and HOMER3 expression, HOMER3-AS1 and CSF-1 expression, and HOMER3-AS1 expression and M2-like macrophages infiltration were found in human HCC tissues. In summary, our findings demonstrated that HOMER3-AS1 drives HCC progression via modulating the behaviors of both tumor cells and macrophages, which are dependent on the activation of HOMER3/Wnt/β-catenin axis and CSF-1, respectively. HOMER3-AS1 might be a promising prognostic and therapeutic target for HCC.
Nerve growth factor promotes lysyl oxidase-dependent chondrosarcoma cell metastasis by suppressing miR-149-5p synthesis
Authors: Tzeng Huey-En , Lin Syuan-Ling , Thadevoos Louis Anoop , Lien Ming-Yu , Yang Wei-Hung , Ko Chih-Yuan , Lin Chih-Yang , Huang Yu-Wen , Liu Ju-Fang , Fong Yi-Chin , Chen Hsien-Te , Tang Chih-Hsin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractChondrosarcoma is a malignancy of soft tissue and bone that has a high propensity to metastasize to distant organs. Nerve growth factor (NGF) is critical for neuronal cell growth, apoptosis, and differentiation, and also appears to promote the progression and metastasis of several different types of tumors, although the effects of NGF upon chondrosarcoma mechanisms are not very clear. We report that NGF facilitates lysyl oxidase (LOX)-dependent cellular migration and invasion in human chondrosarcoma cells, and that NGF overexpression enhances lung metastasis in a mouse model of chondrosarcoma. NGF-induced stimulation of LOX production and cell motility occurs through the inhibition of miR-149-5p expression, which was reversed by PI3K, Akt, and mTOR inhibitors and their respective short interfering RNAs. Notably, levels of NGF and LOX expression correlated with tumor stage in human chondrosarcoma samples. Thus, NGF appears to be a worthwhile therapeutic target for metastatic chondrosarcoma.
Steering ecological-evolutionary dynamics to improve artificial selection of microbial communities
Authors: Xie Li , Shou Wenying 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMicrobial communities often perform important functions that depend on inter-species interactions. To improve community function via artificial selection, one can repeatedly grow many communities to allow mutations to arise, and “reproduce” the highest-functioning communities by partitioning each into multiple offspring communities for the next cycle. Since improvement is often unimpressive in experiments, we study how to design effective selection strategies in silico. Specifically, we simulate community selection to improve a function that requires two species. With a “community function landscape”, we visualize how community function depends on species and genotype compositions. Due to ecological interactions that promote species coexistence, the evolutionary trajectory of communities is restricted to a path on the landscape. This restriction can generate counter-intuitive evolutionary dynamics, prevent the attainment of maximal function, and importantly, hinder selection by trapping communities in locations of low community function heritability. We devise experimentally-implementable manipulations to shift the path to higher heritability, which speeds up community function improvement even when landscapes are high dimensional or unknown. Video walkthroughs:https://go.nature.com/3GWwS6j;https://online.kitp.ucsb.edu/online/ecoevo21/shou2/.
G-protein-coupled receptor P2Y10 facilitates chemokine-induced CD4 T cell migration through autocrine/paracrine mediators
Authors: Gurusamy Malarvizhi , Tischner Denise , Shao Jingchen , Klatt Stephan , Zukunft Sven , Bonnavion Remy , Günther Stefan , Siebenbrodt Kai , Kestner Roxane-Isabelle , Kuhlmann Tanja , Fleming Ingrid , Offermanns Stefan , Wettschureck Nina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractG-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), especially chemokine receptors, play a central role in the regulation of T cell migration. Various GPCRs are upregulated in activated CD4 T cells, including P2Y10, a putative lysophospholipid receptor that is officially still considered an orphan GPCR, i.e., a receptor with unknown endogenous ligand. Here we show that in mice lacking P2Y10 in the CD4 T cell compartment, the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and cutaneous contact hypersensitivity is reduced. P2Y10-deficient CD4 T cells show normal activation, proliferation and differentiation, but reduced chemokine-induced migration, polarization, and RhoA activation upon in vitro stimulation. Mechanistically, CD4 T cells release the putative P2Y10 ligands lysophosphatidylserine and ATP upon chemokine exposure, and these mediators induce P2Y10-dependent RhoA activation in an autocrine/paracrine fashion. ATP degradation impairs RhoA activation and migration in control CD4 T cells, but not in P2Y10-deficient CD4 T cells. Importantly, the P2Y10 pathway appears to be conserved in human T cells. Taken together, P2Y10 mediates RhoA activation in CD4 T cells in response to auto-/paracrine-acting mediators such as LysoPS and ATP, thereby facilitating chemokine-induced migration and, consecutively, T cell-mediated diseases.