bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of ultrasonic treatment on protein extractability during complex processing of sunflower seeds
Authors: Shaginova L. O. , Zabodalova L. A. , Demianenko T. F. , Domoroshchenkova M. L. , Krylova I. V. 
Published: December 2024

In this study sunflower seed cake produced on a screw press by cold pressing of dehulled sunflower seeds of confectionery-type sunflower was used as a raw material for obtaining of sunflower protein preparations. Ultrasonic treatment of the phenol-free cake was applied for improvement of extractability of proteins after the removal of phenolic compounds by treatment of dehulled sunflower press cake with an aqueous ethyl alcohol solution. Sonification was accomplished by the generator at ultrasound frequency of 22.00 ± 1.65 kНz with a duration of ultrasonic treatment from 5 to 15 minutes. Extraction of proteins was carried out in a mild alkaline medium with 0.1 % sodium bicarbonate solution with a hydro module of 1: 5 and temperature of 45 ± 2° C. Protein and dry matter content of protein extracts proportionally increased after 5–12 minutes of ultrasonic treatment with the formation of homogeneous protein extracts stable to solid phase separation and characterized by a lighter colour in comparison with the control sample not subjected to ultrasonic processing. However, after 15 minutes of ultrasonic treatment protein extracts lost uniformity with sedimentation of a solid fraction. Studies demonstrated that application of ultrasonic treatment prior protein extraction resulted in a growth of dry matter and crude protein content of sunflower protein extracts correspondently to the duration of sonification. This effect might be beneficial for an increase of protein yields in processes of manufacturing of light-coloured sunflower protein concentrates and isolates and for manufacturing of functional protein drinks from sunflower seeds. Additionally, it has been shown that sonication of sunflower protein solutions obtained after extraction of protein substances with 0.1 % NаНСО3 solution and removal of insoluble residue significantly improved their sedimentation stability and resulted in a lighter colour of resulted protein solutions in comparison with a conventional treatment by a high-speed disperser. Such treatment might be used in processes of manufacturing of dairy milk analogues from sunflower seeds.
Development of drinking soursels with enriched protein-carbohydrate composition for potentiation of immune status of the population
Authors: Kolomeytseva N. A. , Glotova I. A. , Kutsova A. E. , Derkanosova A. A. 
Published: December 2024

Kissel is a traditional dish of the national Russian cuisine. However, a common disadvantage of kissels of traditional composition is the use of carbohydrate substances as a gelling agent, although with their inherent functions of dietary fiber, in the case of using pectin. A pressing problem is the development of food systems of gel-like consistency, an affordable price segment to ensure sustainable consumer demand, enriched with easily digestible protein fractions that have the technological potential for gelation, based on secondary raw materials of the dairy industry. The purpose of the work is to develop recipe-component solutions for drinks of combined composition based on whey and oatmeal for healthy nutrition of the population in conditions of biological risks, a comprehensive assessment of consumer properties of combined drinks. The objects of the study were drinks of jelly-like consistency, prepared according to traditional and developed recipes: "Orange mood" and "Cherry cloud". Oat flour was used as a structure-forming component instead of potato starch, and also instead of part of the granulated sugar in the jelly recipe, in combination with whey. The generalized criterion of the Harrington function for modified drinks is 0.82, which corresponds to the rating of "very good" on the desirability scale. A sensorometric assessment of the aroma of the jelly "Cherry Cloud" was carried out in comparison with the cherry jelly "Naslazhdenie" of the Stailon trademark, manufactured by Preobrazhensky Dairy Plant. It was found that sample 2, compared with sample 1, contains more aliphatic alcohols, esters (acetates), unbound water, volatile acids and less titratable acids, volatile amines. Regardless of the concentrated juice used in the recipes, the kissels received a general tasting score of 8.2 points on a 9point scale, with the following indicators of biological value: coefficient of difference of amino acid score (CDAS) 27.97; biological value (BV) 72.03 %; coefficient of comparable excess ((c) 8.83.
Evaluation of damaged starch content in premium wheat flour using different methods
Authors: Zharkova I. М. , Plotnikova I. V. , Ivanchikov D. 
Published: December 2024

During the process of grinding grain into flour, some of the starch granules are mechanically destroyed. The proportion of destroyed starch in flour can vary significantly depending on the technology adopted at the enterprise and the operating characteristics of the equipment used, and has a significant impact on the properties of the kneaded dough and the quality of the product. The aim of the work is to study the relationship between the content of damaged starch in premium wheat flour and the ability to retain solvent using flour samples produced at industrial flour mills and in miniproduction conditions as an example. Objects of study: 13 samples of premium wheat flour purchased in retail stores in Voronezh, as well as on marketplaces: 11 samples were produced at high-performance flour mills (9 Russian and 2 Belarusian), and 2 samples were produced at Russian minienterprises. Research methods: The mass fraction of moisture was determined by the drying method, the content of damaged starch was determinedusing an SDmatic analyzer, and the solvent retention capacity (SRC) of flour was determined using an SRC-Chopin analyzer. The analysis of the entire set of experimental data presented in the article indicates the possibility of obtaining extensive complementary information on the baking qualities of premium wheat flour using the amperometric method for determining the content of damaged starch and the SRC test with a set of diagnostic solvents. Results: In the flour of large industrial producers in Russia and Belarus, the content of damaged starch was in the range of 20.4-27.9 UCD. In the samples produced in mini-production facilities, higher values of damaged starch were noted - 30.6 and 33.3 UCD and maximum values of water absorption. The gluten efficiency index (GPI) in the flour of large industrial producers was in the range of 0.69 ... 0.89. Conclusions: The obtained information can be used in bakeries, confectionery and pasta enterprises, which will allow choosing a supplier of flour that is most suitable for the production of high-quality products from different product segments (pan bread, flat bread (lavash), flat cakes, cookies, crackers, etc.). The question of the existence of a stable correlation between the characteristics of damaged starch in flour obtained using the amperometric method and the SRC test requires further study. Flour produced by large flour mills is characterized by less variability in quality indicators compared to mini-enterprises. The revealed differences in the studied flour samples in terms of damaged starch content and solvent retention capacity (SRC) can serve as a basis for further classification by areas of its us
Formation of functional and technological properties of minced meat using protein-carbon composites
Authors: Derkanosova A. A. , Kurchaeva E. E. , Panina E. V. 
Published: December 2024

Due to the nutritional problems of a third of the world's population, it is in terms of the balance of the main food elements that it is relevant to develop food systems that satisfy not only the nutritional value of the final product, but also the increased chemical and biological composition. The development of such systems is aimed at using various plant and animal composites in the production. Such composites make it possible to enrich the product with dietary fibers and essential nutrients that have a beneficial effect on the digestive system. The low cost of such composites will reduce production costs. The proposed system involves the use of model minced meat based on poultry meat and beef of the 2nd grade with a protein-carbohydrate complex (PCC) with the inclusion of a biomodified beef heart, a by-product paste from biomodified udders and light cattle. The composition of the PCC included a commercial powdered preparation of apple fiber and a powdered semi-finished product from biofermented masha seeds. The choice of these additives is justified in connection with their chemical composition, which will make the final product functional. The choice of by-products of cattle is also justified by the chemical composition, since this resource will be able to balance the composition of the food system in terms of protein, minerals and vitamins. In the work, the most optimal ratio of model minced poultry meat (breast) and beef was experimentally identified, which was 60:40 as a percentage of the main meat raw materials. To determine the optimal ratios of added ingredients in the composition of PCC, a vertically integrated approach was used, based on an assessment of the moisture binding (MBC, %) and moisture-retaining capacity (MRC, %) of the meat system. Based on the results of the conducted experience in optimizing the component composition of beech for introduction into the model stuffing, dependencies describing the functional and technological properties of the systems were obtained. The conducted research on the evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of protein-carbohydrate compositions in meat systems indicates the prospects for their introduction into the production cycle of the production of minced meat semi-finished products of enriched composition. It is proved that the use of a protein–carbohydrate composition based on ingredients of vegetable and animal origin in the stuffing system has a positive effect on the structure and nutritional value of chopped semi-finished products.
Reduction of losses of the initial n-hexane reactant with commercial isomerizate
Authors: Popov S. V. , Osipyan D. G. 
Published: December 2024

The isomerization processes of paraffin hydrocarbons ensure a reduction in the content of aromatic and low-octane hydrocarbons in gasoline. The octane number of the commercial isomerizate used in compounding in gasoline depends on the clarity of separation of the components of the isomerization reaction mass, in particular, the presence of non-converted reactants in it leads to a decrease in the octane number and loss of these raw material components. The commercial isomerization unit of a typical low-temperature isomerization unit of the light gasoline fraction PGI-DIG, together with the target products, contains low-branched and raw normal hydrocarbons, in particular, n-hexane is present, which degrades the quality of the commercial isomerization due to its low octane number (OCI= 25). One of the flows of the technological scheme forming the commercial isomerizate from the installation is the cubic product of the deisohexanizer column, the content of n-hexane in which is up to 3.5% by weight. Therefore, in industrial conditions it is advisable to extract it from the cubic product of the deisohexanizer with subsequent recycling into the raw material stream. The paper proposes a change in the technological scheme of the low-temperature isomerization installation in order to reduce the loss of raw hydrocarbons with commercial isomerization by including an additional Kdop distillation column in it. The research was carried out using the Unisim Design modeling program. The calculations performed have obtained appropriate technological modes of operation and structural parameters of the Kdop column: the number of single-flow valve plates is 30, the pressure in the Rniz column = 160kPa and Rvc = 110kPa, the temperature in the reboiler and condenser is 102.4 and 81.3 ℃, respectively, the phlegm number R = 2.5. The inclusion of an additional Kdop distillation column in a typical technological scheme ensures a reduction in losses of n-hexane with commercial isomerizate by 1.78% while simultaneously increasing its octane number by up to 2.4 points.
Evaluasi Dampak Peralihan Moda Transportasi Pada Pengguna Mikrotrans Rute Pulo Gadung
Authors: Sukma Ade Ayu , Aulia Dewita , Banowati Amelia Dyah , Achsani Faiq Muzakki , Rewerdrianty Esstju Alfri , Febriyanti Aulia 
Published: December 2024

Kemacetan di Jakarta menjadi permasalahan yang kian kompleks. Peningkatan jumlah penduduk bersamaan dengan meningkatnya jumlah kendaraan pribadi. Hal itu menyebabkan kemacetan tidak selesai. Salah satu upaya pemerintah provinsi DKI Jakarta untuk mengatasinya adalah meluncurkan program JakLingko. Program ini mengintegrasikan sistem angkutan umum, termasuk angkot, menjadi satu jaringan yang terintegrasi dan mudah diakses masyarakat serta meningkatkan minat menggunakan transportasi umum demi mengurangi kemacetan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif yaitu survei langsung, wawancara dengan lima informan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bukti efektivitas dan efisiensi dari program JakLingko dengan menggunakan teori dampak sosial. Hasil penelitian dapat memberikan gambaran komprehensif tentang faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kepuasan pengguna JakLingko, menganalisis bagaimana program JakLingko mempengaruhi pola aktivitas masyarakat, serta menganalisis bagaimana program JakLingko memberikan peluang ekonomi bagi masyarakat. Hasil penelitian ini juga diharapkan dapat memberikan masukan bagi pemerintah provinsi DKI Jakarta untuk menyempurnakan program JakLingko sehingga lebih efektif dalam mengurangi kemacetan di Jakarta.
Causal associations between 26 musculoskeletal disorders and gut microbiota: A Mendelian randomization analysis with Bayesian validation
Authors: Wang Yunhao , Sun Yingze , Liao Hongxing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota imbalances may influence the onset of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), yet conclusive evidence establishing causation remains limited. This study investigates the causal relationship between gut microbiota and a range of MSDs, aiming to identify potential therapeutic targets. Using data on 211 gut microbiome taxa from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and summary statistics for 26 MSDs from the Finnish Biobank, we employed Mendelian randomization (MR) with inverse-variance weighting (IVW) as the primary analytical approach, complemented by Bayesian model validation to ensure robust results. Our MR analyses revealed significant causal associations between gut microbiota and nine MSDs within four categories, including osteoporosis (IVW-Beta = 0.011, P = 0.025), rheumatoid arthritis (IVW-Beta = -0.016, P < 0.001), rotator cuff syndrome (IVW-Beta = -0.007, P = 0.022), and calcific tendonitis of the shoulder (IVW-Beta = -0.021, P = 0.034). Bayesian validation underscored the plausibility of these relationships, supporting the potential causal role of gut microbiota in the development of these disorders. Our findings present a library of causal associations that underscore the gut microbiome's role in MSD pathogenesis, providing genetic evidence that highlights specific gut microbiota taxa as prospective therapeutic targets. This research offers novel insights into the pathogenic mechanisms underlying MSDs and points toward new directions for future investigation into microbiome-based therapies.
Magnetoelastic properties in isotropic magnetic elastomers
Authors: Musikhin A. Yu. , Zubarev A. Yu. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose. To investigate the influence of magnetic field on the elastic characteristics of isotropic magnetic elastomer.Methods. The behavior of magnetic particles in the sample was studied based on the idea of a hierarchical model of chain formation combined with a lattice model of particle arrangement. When studying systems with chain aggregates, a statistical distribution function was introduced for the number of particles in a chain, which made it possible to calculate the number of chains in a composite with a given particle concentration. The nonlinear magnetization of particles in the sample was modeled in the form of the semi-empirical Frohlich-Kaenely law, which made it possible to calculate the magnetization of materials with good accuracy, both in weak and strong magnetic fields.Results. The paper presents a model describing the elastic properties of an isotropic magnetic elastomer synthesized without the effect of a magnetic field. The elastomer consists of particles with a volume concentration of 28.6%, capable of magnetization, the size of which is 10 microns. These particles are embedded in a polymer matrix. Under the action of a magnetic field, chains of magnetic particles are formed in the polymer. It is assumed that the length of such chains is less than the size of the sample in the direction of the field. The dependences of the shear modulus of the composite on the external magnetic field are determined.Conclusion. A physical model is proposed that successfully predicts the magnetorheological effect in the studied composite material with a soft matrix and randomly distributed particles synthesized without a magnetic field. The research is based on an improved lattice theory that takes into account the probabilistic distribution of particles due to the polymerization process of the composite. A hierarchical principle of forming particle chains is proposed, where their number doubles at each stage. It has been established that chains of such length make the main contribution to the macroscopic shear modulus of the composite. The agreement between theoretical results and experimental data confirms the adequacy of the proposed model for describing the behavior of a magnetic elastomer in an external magnetic field.
Size composition, structure and antioxidant properties of Cerium dioxide nanoparticles obtained by autoclave synthesis
Authors: Chernov A. M. , Ageeva L. S. , Rasseko D. S. , Poda V. A. , Kalenchuk V. I. , Rodionov V. V. , Pugachevskii M. A. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose of the study. To characterize the size composition, atomic and electronic structure, and antioxidant activity of Cerium dioxide nanoparticles synthesized by the hydrothermal method in an autoclave.Methods. Cerium dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized in an autoclave at 150°C. The size composition of the nanoparticles was characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering diffractometry. The structural and phase composition was studied using X-ray diffractometry. Scanning electron microscopy with an energy-dispersive X-ray analysis attachment was used to analyze the elemental composition of the samples. Antioxidant activity was studied in the photochemical degradation reaction of methylene blue dye under irradiation with a diode source with a wavelength of 660 nm. The residual concentration of methylene blue in the process of photodegradation was determined using spectrophotometry.Results. Pure Cerium dioxide nanoparticles measuring 10-25 nm were synthesized using hydrothermal synthesis in an autoclave at 150°C. In the presence of the obtained cerium dioxide nanoparticles, the process of photodegradation of the methylene blue dye under the influence of red laser radiation slows down by 80%. The addition of ammonium citrate-stabilized Cerium dioxide nanoparticles leads to a slowdown in the process of photodegradation of methylene blue under irradiation with red light due to antioxidant activity, which increases with increasing concentration of nanoparticles. Maximum antioxidant activity is manifested at a molar ratio of ammonium citrate to CeO2 of no more than 2:1.Conclusion. The hydrothermal synthesized CeO2 nanoparticles stabilized by ammonium citrate exhibit pronounced antioxidant activity. The results obtained can be used to develop selective antitumor photosensitizers based on Cerium dioxide nanoparticles.
The effect of laser treatment modes on the colors of the steel 04H18H10
Authors: Chevychelov S. A. , Chuikov D. A. , Razumov M. S. 
Published: December 2024

The purpose of the study of this article is to identify the effect of laser treatment modes on the color of the steel 04X18H10.The research methods were reduced to determining ranges for each of the parameters with an example of the desired color. The influence of laser radiation parameters: the power and frequency of laser radiation, the speed of the laser beam, the resolution of the fill of the marked object - contributes to obtaining a certain shade of the color palette according to the RAL standard.The result of the study was the data obtained, according to which it is safe to say that the speed of movement of the laser beam has a direct effect on the resulting semitone color. At high values of this parameter, the colors become closer to dark halftones, whereas a decrease in speed leads to the opposite effect, it is possible that at low speeds of the laser beam, a slower heating of the object occurs, which leads to light halftones, and with a gradual increase in speed and, accordingly, a possible increase in surface heating temperature, colors begin to form a dark tone. The results obtained by changing the fill resolution parameter make it clear that an increase in this indicator directly affects the saturation of the resulting color with its increase, whereas a decrease in the number of fill lines causes a drop in the color saturation of the marked object.Conclusion. In this paper, the influence of the factors responsible for obtaining various shades of colors during laser marking of metal is considered, a basic palette of colors is obtained for its subsequent expansion and use for artistic purposes.
Production and research of Nickel powders by grinding metal waste of Nickel grade PNK-0T1 in kerosene
Authors: Ageeva E. V. , Loktionova O. G. , Ulitin D. A. , Ageeva A. E. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose. Production and research of nickel powders by grinding metal waste of nickel grade PNK-0T1 in kerosene.Methods. Nickel powder from PNK-0T1 nickel metal waste in aviation kerosene of the TS-1 brand was obtained with the following electrical parameters of the installation: capacitance of capacitors 44.0-45.5 pF; electrode voltage from 115-120 V; pulse repetition frequency 60-65 Hz. The resulting nickel powder was examined by various methods. Microanalysis of powder particles was carried out using a scanning electron microscope QUANTA 600 FEG. The analysis of the size distribution of powder particles was obtained using the particle size analyzer Analysette 22 NanoTec. The X-ray spectral microanalysis of the powder particles was carried out using an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer from the EDAX company, integrated into a scanning electron microscope QUANTA 600 FEG.Results. Based on the conducted experimental studies, a new method for producing nickel powder has been devel-oped, characterized in that the powder is obtained by electroerosive dispersion of nickel metal residues of the PNK- 0T1 brand in aviation kerosene of the TS-1 brand with a capacitance of 44.5 UF capacitors, an electrode voltage of 120 V and a pulse frequency of 65 Hz, which provides, at low energy costs, the production of new nickel powder materials suitable for industrial use. It has been experimentally established that the shape of the particles of the ob-tained nickel powders is mainly spherical and elliptical. Carbon is present on the surface of nickel particles. The phases of α-modification nickel and β-modification nickel are marked in the phase composition of the particles.Conclusion. The conducted research will make it possible to select the most rational field of practical application of the electroerosive nickel powder.