bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Donor–recipient risk assessment tools in heart transplant recipients: the Bad Oeynhausen experience
Authors: Schramm Rene , Zittermann Armin , Fuchs Uwe , Fleischhauer Jan , Costard‐Jäckle Angelika , Ruiz‐Cano Maria , Krenz Luminata‐Adriana , Fox Henrik , Götte Julia , Günther Sabina P.W. , Wlost Stefan , Rojas Sebastian V. , Hakim‐Meibodi Kavous , Morshuis Michiel , Gummert Jan F. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimsSome risk assessment tools have been developed to categorize mortality risk in heart transplant recipients, but it is unclear whether these tools can be used interchangeable in different transplant regions.Methods and resultsWe performed a retrospective single‐centre study in 1049 adult German heart transplant recipients under jurisdiction of Eurotransplant. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to generate a risk scoring system. C‐statistics were used to compare our score with a US score and a French score regarding their ability to discriminate between 1 year survivors and non‐survivors within our study cohort. Of 38 parameters assessed, seven recipient‐specific parameters [age, height, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), total bilirubin, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and biventricular assist device/total artificial heart (BVAD/TAH) implant], one donor‐specific parameter (cold ischaemic time), and one recipient‐independent and donor‐independent other parameter (late transplant era) were statistically significant in predicting 1 year mortality. The initial score was generated by using the regression coefficients from the multivariable analysis as follows: 1.70 * ln age − 4.0 * ln height − 0.9 * diagnosis (= 1 if diagnosis = DCM) − 0.67 * diagnosis (= 1 if diagnosis = ICM) + 0.33 * ln total bilirubin + 1.74 * ln cold ischaemic time + 0.98 * mechanical circulatory support (MCS) implant (= 1 if MCS implant = ECMO) + 0.47 * MCS implant (= 1 of MCS implant = BVAD/TAH) − 0.66 * transplant era (= 1 if transplant era = 2017–2018). The initial score was converted into the Bad Oeynhausen (BO) score as a positive integer variable by means of the following formula: BO score = (initial score + 8) * 3. In patients scoring 2 to <7 points (n = 112), 7 to <11 points (n = 580), 11 to <15 points (n = 339), and 15 to 20 points (n = 18), 1 year survival was 93.1%, 84.2%, 66.9%, and 27.8%, respectively. The c‐index of our score was 0.73 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.69–0.77]. Values were in our cohort for the US and French scores 0.66 (95% CI: 0.62–0.70) and 0.63 (95% CI: 0.59–0.67), respectively.ConclusionsData indicate that our score, but also risk assessment tools from other transplant regions, may be used as a reliable support for risk‐adjusted organ allocation and potentially help to improve outcomes in heart transplantation. Further developments will have to include as yet unaccounted risk factors for even more reliable predictions.
General Construction of Thioamides under Mild Conditions: A Stepwise Proton Transfer Process Mediated by EDTA
Authors: Jin Hao , Ge Xin , Zhou Shaodong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA general and clean method for the one‐pot synthesis of thioamides was investigated using a combination of experiments and quantum chemical calculations. Ester, amide, and elemental sulfur were employed as starting materials and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) as catalyst. Both alkyl and aryl thioamides with various functional groups were obtained in moderate to good yields. Neither transition metals nor external oxidants were required in this reaction. The catalytic performance of EDTA originates from a stepwise, proton transfer process in which EDTA transports a proton from the benzyl carbon to a sulfur atom. Such a process is concerted by discrete charge transfer such that the associated barrier gets lowered.
Synthesis of Symmetrical Thiosulfonates via Cu(OTf)2‐Catalyzed Reductive Homocoupling of Arenesulfonyl Chlorides
Authors: Liu Lixia , Luo Bo , Wang Chengming 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA variety of symmetrical thiosulfonates are synthesized via Cu‐catalyzed reductive homocoupling of aryl sulfonyl chlorides. This protocol uses organic amine acting as a mild reductant and low‐cost copper as an effective catalyst. Such a reductive coupling process features a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. Related thiosulfonate products can also be converted into diverse functional molecules.
Synthesis of Chiral Scaffolds Based on Polyfunctional Cyclobutane β‐Amino Acids
Authors: Verkh Yaroslav , Illa Ona , Ortuño Rosa M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractChiral scaffolds have been synthesized through selective transformations from conveniently protected cyclobutane β‐amino acids. The obtained derivatives present additional functional groups, such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, or carbon‐carbon triple bond, linked to the amino acid core through a flexible C1 or C2 alkyl fragment. The resultant molecules are highly versatile to be used as chiral precursors for the production of polyfunctional chemical platforms. These can be suitable for the synthesis of complex molecules, through condensation reactions, such as peptide coupling, dehydration between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol, or click chemistry. To illustrate some of these possibilities, two hybrid tripeptides have been prepared as examples of their synthetic potential.
Valuing diversity: An undervalued mediator of intergroup contact
Authors: Wallrich Lukas , West Keon , Rutland Adam 
Published: October 2021

AbstractValuing diversity and intergroup contact predict less prejudice and discrimination, yet their relationship deserves closer attention. There is some evidence that valuing diversity and intergroup contact are associated, but it has not been tested whether the established effects of contact come about through changes in valuing diversity. We address this in two studies (total N = 2835) that consider valuing diversity as a mediator of intergroup contact. They show that valuing diversity mediates the relationships of intergroup contact with prejudice, bystander intervention intentions, policy support and approach intentions. Our results increase the understanding of pathways from intergroup contact to intergroup relations and offer a lever that contact interventions can target.
Multi‐interfacial catalyst with spatially defined redox reactions for enhanced pure water photothermal hydrogen production
Authors: Zhang Tianxi , Meng Fanlu , Gao Minmin , Ong Wei Li , Haw Kok‐Giap , Ding Tianpeng , Ho Ghim Wei , Kawi Sibudjing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPhotocatalytic overall water splitting is a promising strategy to store abundant solar energy as clean fuel, but recombination of photogenerated carriers is the key factor that reduces the efficiency. Herein, we report multi‐interfacial ternary CoP@ZnIn2S4@Co3O4 photocatalyst with coordinated structural and electronic band coupling to concurrently fulfill spatially decoupled redox centers and modulated electric field. For one, the realization of 3D open framework consists of 2D ZnIn2S4 nanosheets on 1D CoP co‐catalyst maximizes exposures apart from circumvents aggregation and shielding issues. Another is the spatially defined and selective redox reactions where CoP is designated for proton reduction and Co3O4 for water oxidation. And finally, constructed type II band structure and p‐n junction facilitates directional charge separation, thereby prohibiting the recombination of charge carrier and also increase the local charge density. Besides, small band gap CoP and Co3O4 exhibit photothermal effect to further enhance photocatalytic hydrogen production. As a result, the photocatalysts could achieve the respective half reaction and pure water hydrogen evolution rate of 4254 and 145 μmol g−1 h−1 under visible light illumination and further enhance to 10 740 and 308 μmol g−1 h−1 when subjected to full spectrum photoheating. This work presents a promising strategy in designing surface and interfacial dominated photocatalytic system to achieve efficient solar energy to chemical conversion.image
Mechanical properties of a novel buckling restrained shear panel damper with octagon restraining plates
Authors: Ma Ning , Lin Xuchuan , Yin Lidan , Dong Xufeng , Ou Jinping 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSteel shear panel dampers (SPDs) have been widely used for the seismic protection of structures. The seismic performance of SPD is limited by the buckling deformation and low cycle fatigue tearing of the web. This study proposes a new‐type buckling restrained shear panel damper (BRSPD), in which two octagon restrainers are utilized instead of rectangular ones. The novel BRSPD is developed to prevent its web plate from stress concentration and tearing at the early stage. A basic mechanism for the novel BRSPD was proposed. Quasi‐static tests were conducted to examine the behavior of the BRSPDs. The influence of the factors, such as the configurations of the restrainers and the gap size between the restrainer and the web plate, were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the proposed octagon restrainers can effectively restrain the out‐of‐plane deformation of the web plate. The BRSPDs with the proposed restrainers presented better energy dissipation performance than both the conventional SPD and those with rectangular restraining plates. The shape and the thickness of the restrainers had significant influence on the performance of the damper, while adding grease or rubber between the restrainer and web plate had little effect. The BRSPD with no gap between the plates had the highest equivalent viscous damping ratio.
Effect of metro train on the critical driving force for preventing smoke back‐layering in tunnel fires
Authors: Wang Fei , Weng Miaocheng , Han Jiaqiang , Obadi Imad , Liu Fang 
Published: October 2021

SummaryPreventing smoke back‐layering in longitudinal‐ventilated tunnels is an important topic in handling with fires safety issues. Previous studies focused on the critical velocity, while only very few of them paid attention to how to realize this parameter, that is, in a critical state, to overcome the resistance of the tunnel and the fire source to the airflow, the required driving force provided by the ventilation equipment installed in the tunnel. This study addressed this problem in the situation where the coupling effect of blockage and throttling effect was highlighted by conducting theoretical analysis and numerical simulations. The results showed that the presence of metro train blockage reduces the effective cross‐sectional area of the tunnel near the fire source and decreases the critical velocity. On the other hand, the blockage of trains also increases the resistance to the ventilation airflow and exacerbates the throttling effect, leading to the increase of the critical driving force. In such conditions, a stronger driving force to approach the critical velocity was needed. Besides, the length of train blockage was verified to exert limited influence on the value of critical velocity while it significantly affected the critical driving force. Furthermore, the calculated formula for the critical driving force was proposed with the prevention of smoke back‐layering considering the blockage effect to be emphasized.
Translocation carcinomas of the kidney
Authors: Argani Pedram 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe MiT subfamily of transcription factors includes TFE3, TFEB, TFEC, and MITF. Gene fusions involving two of these transcription factors have been well‐characterized in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The TFE3‐rearranged RCC (also known as Xp11 translocation RCC) was first officially recognized in the 2004 World Health Organization (WHO) renal tumor classification. The TFEB‐rearranged RCC, which typically harbor a t(6;11)(p21;q12) translocation which results in a MALAT1‐TFEB gene fusion, were first officially recognized in the 2016 WHO renal tumor classification. These two subtypes of translocation RCC have many similarities. Both disproportionately involve young patients, although adult translocation RCC overall outnumber pediatric cases. Both often have unusual and distinctive morphologies; the TFE3‐rearranged RCCs frequently have clear cells with papillary architecture and abundant psammoma bodies, while the TFEB‐rearranged RCCs frequently have a biphasic appearance with both small and large epithelioid cells and nodules of basement membrane material. However, the morphology of these two neoplasms can overlap, with one mimicking the other or other more common renal neoplasms. Both of these RCC underexpress epithelial immunohistochemical markers, such as cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen, relative to most other RCC. Unlike other RCC, both frequently express the cysteine protease cathepsin k and often express melanocytic markers like HMB45 and Melan A. Finally, TFE3 and TFEB have overlapping functional activity as these two transcription factors frequently heterodimerize and bind to the same targets. Therefore, these two neoplasms are now grouped together under the heading of “MiT family translocation RCC.” Approximately 50 renal cell carcinomas with gene fusions involving the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene have now been reported. While those with a Vinculin‐ALK fusion have distinctive features (predilection to affect children with sickle cell trait and to show solid architecture with striking cytoplasmic vacuolization), other ALK‐fusion RCCs have more varied clinical presentations and pathologic features. This review summarizes our current knowledge of these recently described RCC.
Ni/CeO2 prepared by improved polyol method for DRM with highly dispersed Ni
Authors: Qin Zuzeng , Chen Liuyun , Chen Jie , Su Tongming , Ji Hongbing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDry reforming of methane (DRM) of Ni‐based catalysts is a hot method to solve greenhouse gas problems. The improved polyol method could overcome the disadvantage of Ni agglomerate sintering by the impregnation method. In this work, Ni/CeO2 catalysts were prepared by an improved polyol method with different CeO2 support and applied for methane dry reforming, which showed excellent catalytic activity and stability. The X‐ray power diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), H2 temperature‐programmed reduction (H2‐TPR) were used to study the composition of Ni species, the Ni‐CeO2 interaction, and Ni dispersion, while textural properties, oxygen vacancy, and the behavior of CO2 adsorption and activity were research by N2 adsorption and desorption, Raman and CO2‐TPD. There in, Ni/CeO2‐R showed excellent catalytic activity (CH4 and CO2 conversion: 61.8% and 96.5%; H2/CO radio: 0.93) and remained stable after the 50‐hr stability test. Meanwhile, the formation and graphitization of deposited carbon were observed and studied by XRD, Raman, TG/DTA, and TEM, and the cause of the deactivation of the catalyst was analyzed. This work studied and demonstrated the advantages of the improved polyol method and the differences between different CeO2 supports and provided a new idea for the construction of the catalyst for methane dry reforming. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Decision regret 3 and 6 months after treatment for head and neck cancer: Observational study of associations with clinicodemographics, anxiety, and quality of life
Authors: Nallani Rohit , Smith Joshua B. , Penn Joseph P. , Bur Andres M. , Kakarala Kiran , Shnayder Yelizaveta , Villwock Mark R. , Sykes Kevin J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhile quality of life (QOL), psychosocial health, and adverse treatment outcomes have been studied in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, decision regret is an important and understudied complication that can negatively impact future health care decision making.MethodsData collected using a HNC patient registry with questionnaires administered at initial consultation visits plus 3 and 6 months after treatment completion was retrospectively analyzed. A visual analog anxiety scale and the University of Washington Quality of Life were given at clinic visits. Decision regret was determined using a validated scale. Demographic and clinical variables were collected retrospectively and at baseline.ResultsPatients with higher anxiety and lower self‐reported QOL had higher concurrent regret at 3‐month (n = 140) and at 6‐month (n = 82) post‐treatment. Later disease stage at presentation, nonprimary surgical treatment, and lower health literacy were associated with greater regret.ConclusionsDecision regret was highest in HNC patients with high anxiety, low QOL, and more advanced disease.
Individual‐, household‐, and community‐level factors associated with pregnant married women's discriminatory attitude towards people living withHIVinsub‐SaharanAfrica: A multicountry cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zegeye Betregiorgis , Adjei Nicholas Kofi , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Ameyaw Edward Kwabena , Budu Eugene , Seidu Abdul‐Aziz , Yaya Sanni 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsDiscriminatory attitude towards people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major problem in the prevention and treatment of HIV in sub‐Sahara Africa (SSA). Understanding the multiple factors linked to discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in SSA is necessary for developing appropriate interventions. This study aimed at investigating the individual, household, and community‐level factors associated with pregnant married women's discriminatory attitude towards people living with HIV/AIDS.MethodsWe used data from the Demographic and Health Surveys of 12 sub‐Saharan African countries conducted between 2015 and 2019. Data on 17 065 pregnant married women were analyzed. Bivariate (chi‐squared test) and multivariable multilevel logistic regression analyses were applied to investigate the factors associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. The results were reported as adjusted odds ratio (aOR) at 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsThe mean age of participants was 31.2 ± 8.5. The prevalence of discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA was 36.2% (95% CI: 33.4%‐39.1%). Individual/household‐level factors associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA were women's educational level (secondary school‐aOR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.26‐0.93), husband's educational level (higher education‐aOR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.16‐0.76), decision‐making power (yes‐aOR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.38‐0.69), wife‐beating attitude (disagreement with wife beating‐aOR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.43‐0.79), and religion (Muslim‐aOR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.22‐3.04). Community socioeconomic status (medium‐aOR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.41‐0.93) was the only community‐level factor associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA.ConclusionMore than one‐third of pregnant married women in SSA had discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. Women's educational level, husband's educational level, decision‐making power, wife‐beating attitude, religion, and community socio‐economic status were associated with discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA. To lessen the prevalence of discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA, considering these significant factors is needed. Therefore, governments and other stakeholders in the respective countries need to increase education coverage. Moreover, empowering women through education and economy is crucial. Finally, working with religious leaders to increase awareness about HIV and discriminatory attitude towards PLWHA should also be a priority in SSA.
Can miRNAs be useful biomarkers in improving prognostic stratification in endometrial cancer patients? An update review
Authors: Ravegnini Gloria , Gorini Francesca , De Crescenzo Eugenia , De Leo Antonio , De Biase Dario , Di Stanislao Marco , Hrelia Patrizia , Angelini Sabrina , De Iaco Pierandrea , Perrone Anna Myriam 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEndometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological cancer, with annual incidence rates in Western countries ranging between 15 and 25 per 100 000 women. About 15% to 20% of patients with EC have high‐risk disease and follow an aggressive clinical course. Unfortunately, the assessment of histologic parameters is poorly reproducible and conventional clinicopathological and molecular features do not reliably predict either the patient's response to the available treatments or the definition of personalized therapeutic approaches. In this context, the identification of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, which can be integrated in the current classification schemes, represents an unmet clinical need and an important challenge. miRNAs are key players in cancer by regulating the expression of specific target genes. Their role in EC, in association with clinical and prognostic tumor biomarkers, has been investigated but, so far, with little consensus among the studies. The present review aims to describe the recent advances in miRNAs research in EC taking into consideration the current classification schemes and to highlight the most promising miRNAs. Finally, a perspective point of view sheds light on the challenges ahead in the landscape of EC.
Identification of lncRNA‐associated competing endogenous RNA networks for occurrence and prognosis of gastric carcinoma
Authors: Ye Lianmin , Jin Wumin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is one of the common digestive malignancies worldwide and causes a severe public health issue. So far, the underlying mechanisms of GC are largely unclear. Thus, we aim to identify the long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA)‐associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for GC.MethodsTCGA database was downloaded and used for the identification of differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs, respectively. Then, the ceRNA network was constructed via multiple online datasets and approaches. In addition, various in vitro assays were carried out to validate the effect of certain hub lncRNAs.ResultsWe constructed a ceRNA network, including 76 lncRNAs, 18 miRNAs, and 159 mRNAs, which involved multiple critical pathways. Next, univariate and multivariate analysis demonstrated 11 lncRNAs, including LINC02731, MIR99AHG, INHBA‐AS1, CCDC144NL‐AS1, VLDLR‐AS1, LIFR‐AS1, A2M‐AS1, LINC01537, and LINC00702, and were associated with OS, and nine of those lncRNAs were considered as hub lncRNAs involved in the sub‐ceRNA network. The in vitro assay indicated two lncRNAs, INHBA‐AS1 and CCDC144NL‐AS1, which were positively related to the GC aggressive features, including proliferation, invasion, and migration.ConclusionsWe identified nine hub lncRNAs and the associated ceRNA network related to the prognosis of GC, and then validated two out of them as promising oncogenes in GC.