bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ICU Survivors Experience of ICU Diaries: An Ancillary Qualitative Analysis of the ICU Diary Study
Authors: Flahault Cécile , Trosdorf Mathilde , Sonrier Marie , Vioulac Christel , Fasse Léonor , Timsit Jean-François , Bailly Sébastien , Garrouste-Orgeas Maité 
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVES:
To investigate patients’ experience of ICU diaries 6 months after ICU discharge among survivors. This study was designed to add insight into a large randomized study, which found no benefit of the ICU diary to post-traumatic stress disorder among critically ill patients having received mechanical ventilation.

DESIGN:
A preplanned qualitative substudy of patients receiving an ICU diary written by ICU caregivers and families. Six months after ICU discharge, survivors were contacted by a psychologist for a telephone interview using a semi-directive guide.

SETTING:
Thirty-five French ICUs.

PATIENTS:
All ICU survivors having received an ICU diary.

INTERVENTION:
An ICU diary written by both ICU staff and families.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Among the 332 patients randomized in the intervention group (having had an ICU diary filled by both ICU staff and families), 191 (57.7%) were alive at 6 months and 101 of 191 (52.9%) participated in a telephone interview. They were (median [interquartile range]) 64 years old (53–70 yr old); 65 (64.4%) were men, and 79 (78.2%) were medical patients. Duration of ICU stay was 13 days (8–21 d). Three themes were derived from the thematic analysis: 1) reading the diary: between emotion and pain, 2) how the diary helped, and 3) the bittersweet representation of the diary. For half of the patients, the diary is a good memory of difficult times (55/101, 54.5%), others seem to be more ambivalent about it (28/101, 27.8%), and 37 of 101, 36.6% see it as a painful representation of a time to be forgotten.

CONCLUSIONS:
When reading their ICU diaries, ICU survivors experienced mixed emotions, related to family messages, medical caregiving, and to the severity of their illness. Patients described diaries as a help or a hindrance to recovery, depending on their wish to remember the period or move on from it.
Incidence rates of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers among men: a comparison of active-duty military and general populations
Authors: Bytnar Julie A. , Shriver Craig D. , Zhu Kangmin 
Published: May 2021

Objectives
This study compared oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer incidence rates and trends among men in the active-duty military and the general population of the USA.

Methods
Data were from the Department of Defenses’ Automated Central Tumor Registry (ACTUR) and the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER-9) registries. Age-adjusted oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancer incidence rates among men aged 20-59 from 1990-2013 were compared between ACTUR and SEER populations.

Results
The age-adjusted oral cancer incidence rate was lower in ACTUR than SEER (IRR = 0.89, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.81–0.98). Incidence was lower in ACTUR for oral cavity cancer (IRR = 0.75, 95% CI, 0.66–0.89) and remained lower when stratified by age and race. ACTUR oropharyngeal cancer rates were higher than SEER among Whites (IRR = 1.19, 95% CI, 1.01–1.39) and men aged 40–59 (IRR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.00–1.39). Oropharyngeal cancer increased for both populations over time, whereas oral cavity cancer increased in ACTUR but decreased in SEER.

Conclusion
Rates were lower in ACTUR than SEER for oral cavity, but not for oropharyngeal cancer. Temporal oral cancer incidence patterns differed between the two populations. This study provides clues for more research on possible variations between these two populations and related factors.
Prominent Blasts in Primary Cutaneous CD4+ Small/Medium T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder. A Reconsideration of Diagnostic Criteria
Authors: Bakr Farrah , Wain E. Mary , Wong Sharon , Palmer Roy , Robson Alistair 
Published: May 2021

Abstract:
Primary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (PCSM-LPD), recently downgraded from a T-cell lymphoma, is a poorly characterized histopathological entity. Presenting as a solitary lesion that often grows rapidly, it may raise suspicion for a cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. However, classically, the dermal lymphoid proliferation is predominantly CD4+ with a follicular T-helper profile and a smaller B-cell fraction. Diagnostic uncertainty may arise when B cells are present in large numbers, a B-cell clone is present, or large cell populations are seen. To meet the diagnostic criterion of PCSM-LPD, large cells should not constitute more than 30% of the infiltrate. The 2 cases presented in this article caused diagnostic uncertainty owing to the observation of high numbers of large cells and in one case the presence of a B-cell clone, on the background of otherwise typical clinicopathological features of PCSM-LPD. We review the literature specifically regarding the prevalence of large cell populations and their immunophenotypic characteristics and in light of this discuss whether a current diagnostic criterion should be reconsidered.
A Retrospective Study of the Safety and Efficacy of a Radial Diode Laser Probe in the Management of Pilonidal Sinus Disease
Authors: Bonito Frederico , Cerejeira Diogo , Goulão João , de Assunção Gonçalves José 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND
Recently, the interest in minimally invasive techniques in the management of the pilonidal sinus has been rising. The main goal is to avoid the prolonged recovery period associated with traditional surgeries.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a radial diode laser probe in the destruction of the pilonidal sinus.

METHODS
Twenty-seven patients with pilonidal sinus were treated with a radial 1,470-nm diode laser between July 2018 and August 2020 and were examined retrospectively. Charts were reviewed and patients were questioned by telephone about their postlaser recovery period.

RESULTS
Twenty-five patients were included. The overall success rate was 84%. Recurrence rate was 9.5%, after a mean follow-up of 8.3 months. The mean duration of analgesia intake was 2.5 days, and the mean period required to return to daily activities was 5.8 days. Sixteen percent of the patients developed a small postoperative hemorrhage as a complication.

CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated that radial diode laser is safe, effective, and associated with a low recurrence rate in the treatment of mild pilonidal sinus disease. Dermatologists can perform it easily in the outpatient clinic, with minimal postoperative pain and a fast return to the patients' daily activities.
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in High-Risk Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Analysis of a Large Size Retrospective Series
Authors: Tremblay-Abel Valérie , Poulin Marc-Antoine , Blouin Marie-Michèle , Parent François , Perron Émilie 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND
One of the most important prognostic factors for mortality in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the development of nodal metastasis. There is no consensus regarding which patient with cSCC should be offered sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB).

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to establish the rate of positive SLNBs among patients with high-risk cSCCs and to identify which high-risk features are associated with a positive SLNB.

METHODS
Five-year retrospective case series in an academic tertiary care center reviewing 93 SLNBs.

RESULTS
Of the 93 SLNBs performed, 5 (5.4%) were positive. Three patients (3/5) had neck dissection and one (1/5) had radiation therapy, with no recurrence at the time of last follow-up. A tumor diameter ≥2 cm, a tumor depth >6 mm or below subcutaneous fat, perineural invasion of nerves with a diameter ≥0.1 mm, moderate or poor histological differentiation, lymphovascular invasion, and immunosuppression were associated with a positive SLNB. All tumors with a positive SLNB were classified as T2b according to the Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) tumor staging.

LIMITATIONS
Retrospective study and absence of a control group.

CONCLUSION
Sentinel lymph node biopsy can be considered for BWH T2b and T3 tumors. However, more randomized controlled studies are needed.
Intraocular Pressure Variations After Intravitreal Injections Measured With an Implanted Suprachoroidal Telemetry Sensor
Authors: Meduri Enrico , Gillmann Kevin , Mansouri Kaweh 
Published: May 2021

Purpose:
Intravitreal injections (IVIs) may create transient intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation. This report describes continuous IOP fluctuations following multiple IVI measured with a permanent implantable sensor.

Patients and Methods:
We report the case of a 49-year-old white glaucomatous male with refractory macular edema secondary to central retinal vein occlusion in his left eye who underwent deep sclerectomy combined with the implantation of a suprachoroidal tonometry sensor. Serial IOP measurements were performed immediately before and after each IVI over a 1-year period.

Results:
During the first 7 months following deep sclerectomy, IOP remained below 10 mm Hg. During this period, mean IOP before each injection was 2.1±2.6 mm Hg, and each IVI caused a reduction of 1.2±0.8 mm Hg on average, with a maximum reduction of 2.7 mm Hg, before IOP normalized within 50 minutes to 24 hours. From 7 months postoperatively, mean IOP increased to the low teens. During this period, mean IOP before each injection was 9.9±1.8 mm Hg, and each IVI caused an increase of 15.8±11.7 mm Hg on average, with a maximum increase of 44.8 mm Hg, before IOP normalized within 20 minutes to 4 hours.

Conclusions:
During the initial postoperative phase, IVI may cause acute reduction in IOP, either through subconjunctival leaks or increased filtration secondary to increased fluid pressure. Several months after surgery, this effect subsides and IOP spikes sharply immediately after each IVI, suggesting the resolution of the initial mechanism, most likely through scarring and fibrosis.
Deep Learning-based Diagnosis of Glaucoma Using Wide-field Optical Coherence Tomography Images
Authors: Shin Younji , Cho Hyunsoo , Jeong Hyo Chan , Seong Mincheol , Choi Jun-Won , Lee Won June 
Published: May 2021

Purpose:
(1) To evaluate the performance of deep learning (DL) classifier in detecting glaucoma, based on wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) images. (2) To assess the performance of DL-based fusion methods in diagnosing glaucoma using a variety of wide-field SS-OCT images and compare their diagnostic abilities with that of conventional parameter-based methods.

Methods:
Overall, 675 eyes, including 258 healthy eyes and 417 eyes with glaucoma were enrolled in this retrospective observational study. Each single-page wide-field report (12×9 mm) of wide-field SS-OCT imaging provides different types of images that reflect the state of the eyes. A DL-based automated diagnosis system was proposed to detect glaucoma and identify its stage based on such images. We applied the convolutional neural network to each type of image to detect glaucoma. In addition, 2 fusion strategies, fusion by convolution network (FCN) and fusion by fully connected network (FFC) were developed; they differ in terms of the level of fusion of features derived from convolutional neural networks. The diagnostic models were trained using 382 and 293 images in the training and test data sets, respectively. The diagnostic ability of this method was compared with conventional parameters of the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell complex.

Results:
FCN achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.987 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.968-0.996) and an accuracy of 95.22%. In contrast, FFC achieved an AUC of 0.987 (95% CI, 0.971-0.998) and an accuracy of 95.90%. Both FCN and FFC outperformed the conventional method (P<0.001). In detecting early glaucoma, both FCN and FFC achieved significantly higher AUC and accuracy than the conventional approach (P<0.001). In addition, the classification performance of the DL-based fusion methods in identifying the 5 stages of glaucoma is presented via a confusion matrix.

Conclusion:
DL protocol based on wide-field OCT images outperformed the conventional method in terms of both AUC and accuracy. Therefore, DL-based diagnostic methods using wide-field OCT images are promising in diagnosing glaucoma in clinical practice.
Inhibition of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 by mosquito and mouse saliva
Authors: Derouiche Sandra , Li Tianbang , Sakai Yuya , Uta Daisuke , Aoyagi Seiji , Tominaga Makoto 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Arthropods are the largest group of living organisms, and among them, mosquitoes spread parasites and viruses causing deadly diseases. They can easily spread these pathogens because of their painless skin piercing. Although the lack of pain is mainly due to the thinness of their fascicle, it is possible that mosquito saliva, which is discharged during their piercing, might also contribute to it. If mosquito saliva contains antinociceptive substances, it should act on the sensory neurons innervating the epidermis where there are several ion channels that can detect noxious stimuli, such as the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. We found that mosquito head homogenates and mouse saliva inhibit TRP vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and TRP ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels, either heterologously expressed in HEK293T cells or endogenously expressed in native mouse sensory neurons. Among the different substances contained in mosquito head homogenates or mouse saliva, we have also identified sialorphin as a candidate antinociceptive peptide because it showed similar inhibition effects on TRPV1 and TRPA1. Finally, we confirmed the antinociceptive effects of mosquito head homogenates, mouse saliva, and sialorphin in vivo by observing decreased pain-related behaviors in mice coinjected with these substances. Similar inhibitory effects of mosquito head homogenates and mouse saliva on TRPV1 and TRPA1 suggest that the antinociceptive effects of saliva are universal, which could explain why many animals including humans often lick their wounds. These findings would lead to the development of novel and safe antinociceptive agents.
Social and Structural Barriers to Primary Care Access Among Women Living With HIV in Metro Vancouver, Canada: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Deering Kathleen N. , Chong Louise , Duff Putu , Gurney Lulu , Magagula Patience , Wiedmeyer Mei-ling , Chettiar Jill , Braschel Melissa , D'Souza Karan , Shannon Kate 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study examines correlates of being unable to access primary care in the past 6 months among cisgender (cis) and trans women living with HIV (WLWH). Data were drawn from a longitudinal community-based cohort study of WLWH (ages 14+) in Metro Vancouver, Canada (2014–2017). Of 291 participants contributing 914 observations, 15.5% reported being unable to access primary care at baseline. In multivariable analysis, increased odds of being unable to access primary care was associated with (a) having im/migrated to Canada, and, in the past 6 months, (b) identifying as gender minority, (c) experiencing physical or sexual violence, (d) having suicidal ideation or attempts. Decreased odds were associated with recently accessing HIV-specific resources. Our findings suggest that primary health care for WLWH should address high levels of violence and mental health conditions as well as barriers to services for gender minority and im/migrant WLWH.
Long-Term, Multicenter Results With the First Transcutaneous Bone Conduction Implant
Authors: Sprinzl Georg , Lenarz Thomas , Hagen Rudolf , Baumgartner Wolf Dieter , Keintzel Thomas , Keck Tilmann , Riechelmann Herbert , Magele Astrid , Salcher Rolf , Maier Hannes , Mlynski Robert , Radeloff Andreas , Rak Kristen , Riss Dominik , Liepins Rudolfs , Hamzavi Sasan , Rasse Thomas , Potzinger Peter , Schmutzhard Joachim , Zorowka Patrick , Mittmann Philipp , Böheim Klaus , Todt Ingo 
Published: May 2021

Objective:
Investigation of long-term safety and performance of an active, transcutaneous bone conduction implant in adults and children up to 36 months post-implantation.

Study Design:
Prospective, single-subject repeated-measures design.

Setting:
Otolaryngology departments of eight German and Austrian hospitals.∗†‡§||¶#∗∗†† Affiliations listed above that did not participate in the study.‡‡§§||||¶¶.

Patients:
Fifty seven German-speaking patients (49 adults and eight children) suffering from conductive or mixed hearing loss, with an upper bone conduction threshold limit of 45 dB HL at frequencies between 500 and 3000 Hz.

Intervention:
Implantation of the Bonebridge transcutaneous bone conduction hearing implant (tBCI).

Main Outcome Measures:
Patients’ audiometric pure tone averages (PTA4) (0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz) thresholds (air conduction, bone conduction, and sound field) and speech perception (word recognition scores [WRS] and speech reception thresholds [SRT50%]) were tested preoperatively and up to 36 months postoperatively. Patients were also monitored for adverse events and administered quality-of-life questionnaires.

Results:
Speech perception (WRS: pre-op: 17.60%, initial activation [IA]: 74.23%, 3M: 83.65%, 12M: 83.46%, 24M: 84.23%, 36M: 84.42%; SRT50%: pre-op: 65.56 dB SPL, IA: 47.67 dB SPL, 3M: 42.61 dB SPL, 12M: 41.11 dB SPL, 24M: 41.74 dB SPL, 36M: 42.43 dB SPL) and sound field thresholds (pre-op: 57.66 dB HL, IA: 33.82 dB HL, 3M: 29.86 dB HL, 12M: 28.40 dB HL, 24M: 28.22 dB HL, 36M: 28.52 dB HL) improved significantly at all aided postoperative visits. Air and bone conduction thresholds showed no significant changes, confirming preservation of patients’ residual unaided hearing. All adverse events were resolved by the end of the study.

Conclusions:
Safety and performance of the tBCI was demonstrated in children and adults 36 months postoperatively.
Artificial intelligence in functional urology: how it may shape the future
Authors: Bentellis Imad , Guérin Sonia , Khene Zine-Eddine , Khavari Rose , Peyronnet Benoit 
Published: May 2021

Purpose of review
The aim of the present manuscript is to provide an overview on the current state of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in either decision making, diagnosis, treatment options, or outcome prediction in functional urology.

Recent findings
Several recent studies have shed light on the promising potential of AI in functional urology to investigate lower urinary tract dysfunction pathophysiology but also as a diagnostic tool by enhancing the existing evaluations such as dynamic magnetic resonance imaging or urodynamics. AI may also improve surgical education and training because of its automated performance metrics recording. By bringing prediction models, AI may also have strong therapeutic implications in the field of functional urology in the near future. AI may also be implemented in innovative devices such as e-bladder diary and electromechanical artificial urinary sphincter and could facilitate the development of remote medicine.

Summary
Over the past decade, the enthusiasm for AI has been rising exponentially. Machine learning was well known, but the increasing power of processors and the amount of data available has provided the platform for deep learning tools to expand. Although the literature on the applications of AI technology in the field of functional urology is relatively sparse, its possible uses are countless especially in surgical training, imaging, urodynamics, and innovative devices.
Disparities in Nurse Job Dissatisfaction and Intent to Leave
Authors: Carthon J. Margo Brooks , Travers Jasmine L. , Hounshell Danielle , Udoeyo Idorenyin , Chittams Jesse 
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE
To determine if Black nurses are more likely to report job dissatisfaction and whether factors related to dissatisfaction influence differences in intent to leave.

BACKGROUND
Minority nurses report higher job dissatisfaction and intent to leave, yet little is known about factors associated with these differences in community settings.

METHOD
Cross-sectional analysis of 11 778 nurses working in community-based settings was conducted. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association among race, job satisfaction, and intent to leave.

RESULTS
Black nurses were more likely to report job dissatisfaction and intent to leave. Black nurses' intent to leave decreased in adjusted models that accounted for dissatisfaction with aspects of their jobs including salary, advancement opportunities, autonomy, and tuition benefits.

CONCLUSION
Nurse administrators may find opportunities to decrease intent to leave among Black nurses through focused efforts to target areas of dissatisfaction.
Terminal Ileum Perforation
Authors: Duffy Michael , Kesha Kilak , Glenn Charley , Stables Simon , Tse Rexson Datquen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Intestinal perforation is an uncommon complication and presentation of verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) infection in individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). The common site of perforation from VTEC infection is in the colon (and almost exclusively in the pediatric population), whereas PWS is in the stomach. Terminal ileum perforation is uncommon and is not reported in either these 2 conditions. We report a death from terminal ileum perforations in an adult who had PWS and was infected with VTEC. Potential reasons why the perforation occurred at this rare location, rather than in other more common location, in an adult are discussed.
Validation of Septic Knee Monoarthritis Prediction Rule in a Lyme Disease Endemic Area
Authors: Grant Duncan S. , Neville Desiree N. , Levas Michael , Balamuth Fran , Garro Aris C. , Bennett Jonathan E. , Thompson Amy D. , Kharbanda Anupam B. , Lyons Todd W. , Nigrovic Lise E. ,   for Pedi Lyme Net
Published: May 2021

Objective
In Lyme disease endemic areas, Lyme and septic arthritis often present similarly. A published septic knee arthritis clinical prediction rule includes 2 high-risk predictors: absolute neutrophil count of 10,000 cells/mm3 or greater and erythrocyte sedimentation rate of 40 mm/h or greater. The objective of the study was to externally validate this prediction rule in a multicenter prospective cohort.

Methods
We enrolled a prospective cohort of children with knee monoarthritis undergoing evaluation for Lyme disease at 1 of 8 Pedi Lyme Net emergency departments located in endemic areas. We defined a case of septic arthritis with a positive synovial fluid culture or a synovial fluid white blood cell count of 50,000 or greater per high powered field with a positive blood culture and Lyme arthritis with a positive or equivocal C6 EIA, followed by a positive supplemental immunoblot. Other children were classified as having inflammatory arthritis. We report the performance of the septic arthritis clinical prediction rule in our study population.

Results
Of the 543 eligible children, 13 had septic arthritis (2.4%), 234 Lyme arthritis (43.1%), and 296 inflammatory arthritis (54.5%). Of the 457 children (84.2%) with available laboratory predictors, all children with septic arthritis were classified as high risk (sensitivity, 100%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 77.2%–100%; specificity, 68.1%; 95% CI, 63.6–73.3; negative predictive value, 278/278 [100%]; 95% CI, 98.6%–100%). Of the 303 low-risk children, 52 (17.2%) underwent diagnostic arthrocentesis.

Conclusions
The septic knee arthritis clinical prediction rule accurately distinguished between septic and Lyme arthritis in an endemic area. Clinical application may reduce unnecessary invasive diagnostic procedures.