bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Regulation and Management of Water Resources in Groundwater Over-extraction Area based on ET
Authors: li fawen , Yan Wenhui , Zhao Yong , Jiang Rengui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Because of the shortage of water resources, the phenomenon of groundwater over-extraction is widespread in many parts of the world, which has become a hot issue to be solved. The traditional idea of water resources management only considering blue water (stream flow) can't meet the demand of sustainable utilization of water resources. Blue water accounts for less than 40% of total rainfall, while green water (evapotranspiration) accounts for more than 60% of total rainfall. In the natural environment, vegetation growth mainly depends on green water, which is often neglected. Obviously, the traditional water resources management without considering green water has obvious deficiencies, which can't really reflect the regional water consumption situation in the water resources management. And only by limiting water consumption can achieve the real water saving. In addition, the mode of water resources development and utilization has changed from "supply according to demand" to "demand according to supply". In this background, for many regions with limited water resources, it is impossible to rely on excessive water intake for development, and sustainable development of regional can only be realized by truly controlling water demand. This paper chooses Shijin Irrigation District in the North China Plain as the research area, where agricultural water consumption is high and groundwater over-extraction is serious, and ecological environment is bad. In order to alleviate this situation, comprehensive regulation of water resources based ET is necessary. Therefore, this paper focuses on the concept of ET water resources management and includes green water into water resources assessment. Based on the principle of water balance, the target ET value of crops in the study area is calculated, and the ET value is taken as the target of water resources regulation. The actual water consumption is calculated by Penman-Monteith formula, and reduction of crop water consumption is obtained according to the difference between actual ET and target ET. The reduction in crop water consumption leads to a reduction in demand for water supply, which reduces groundwater extraction. The results of this study can provide necessary technical support for solving the problem of groundwater over-extraction and realizing real water saving.
Expression of ASPN with Prognostic Values in Gastric Cancer: A Study Based on TCGA Data
Authors: li wen chao , Xu Zhe , Chen Hui , Wang Zhen dong , Xu Yang , Liu Li , Xu Rui jiang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective: Gastric ancer is a common cancer with high cancer-related death in the world Although, ASPN has been reported as a potential biomarker in some cancers, the relationship of ASPN and clinical pathologic features in gastric cancer has not been investigated thoroughly. Thus, the aim of study is to evaluate the function of ASPN in gastric cancer based on TCGA. Materials and methods: The gene expression data (407 cases, Workﬂow Type: HTSeq-Counts) and corresponding clinical information were downloaded from the TCGA Genomic Data Commons data portal. We performed the NES and nominal p value to evaluate the pathways enriched in each phenotype. Then, we analyzed the association with ASPN and clinicopathologic variables based on Wilcoxon signed-rank test and logistic regression. Result: We found that it was significantly different in ASPN expression between gastric cancer and normal tissue (P<0.001). High ASPN expression was signiﬁcantly associated with high stage (Odds ratio (OR)=3.656 for stage II vs stage I and OR=0.014 for stage III vs stage I), T classification (OR=13.304 for T2 vs T1, OR=20.769 for T3 vs T1 and OR=24.857 for T4 vs T1) (all p-values< 0.05). Univariate analysis revealed ASPN could result in poor overall survival with HR=1.004 and P=0.036. Besides, multivariate analysis indicated that ASPN expression was an independent risk factor for overall survival (HR:1.010, P=0.000), age (HR: 1.046, P=0.002) and gender (HR: 1.623, P=0.026). Besides, GSEA results showed that Pentose phosphate pathway, Base excision repair, Peroxisome, Protesome, Nucleotide excision repair, and Mismatch repair were differentially enriched in gastric cancer with high ASPN expression phentype. Conclusion: ASPN expression is higher in gastric cancer than normal tissues, and considered ASPN as a potential independent molecular marker for diagnosis and prognosis of GC.
Research on the Method of Designing Cap Lens using Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: LIU WENLIN , QIN HUA , LV ZHIWEI , FENG YANZE , SHI YUETONG , LIU ZIXIANG , BAI CHENGHAO 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
It is necessary to select the appropriate parameters defining a aspheric lens for coupling the light from a laser diode into the optical fiber by cap aspheric lenses. In this paper, the ant colony optimization algorithm is applied to the optimization of structural parameters of the cap aspheric lens, and the merit function defining the optimization problem and detailed design steps are given. A cap aspheric lens with center thickness of 1.1019 mm and effective focal length of 1.10331mm is designed using a self-made MATLAB program of ant colony optimization algorithm, which can couple the light emitting from a laser diode into a single mode fiber(SMF) with a diameter of 9 um, the light-emitting surface of the LD is 3um×2um, and beam-divergence angle in the X and Y directions are ± 35° and ± 23.58°, respectively. The theoretical coupling efficiency is 89.8%, and the experiment shows that the maximum coupling efficiency and average coupling efficiency are 88.63% and 79.39%, respectively. Design and experimental results prove that the design method in this paper is feasible and effective.
Effect of Mass Variation on Vibration Properties of the Tooth in Drilling Operation
Authors: Cveticanin Livija , Vujkov Sanja 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Dental cavity represent one of the widespread illness of the tooth. Method for treating of the tooth is to drill the cavity and to fill the hole with suitable material. Measurements show that during drilling the tooth vibrates with increasing mass that causes unpleasant feeling for patient. The aim of the paper is to give the theoretical explanation for this phenomena and to give suggestion for vibration elimination. During drilling, mass of the tooth is decreasing and the so called ‘reactive force’ occurs. Drilling and reactive force cause tooth vibration. The system is modeled as a nonlinear time variable system. An analytical procedure for solving of the equation of vibration is developed. The solution is assumed in the form of the generalized trigonometric function with time variable amplitude and phase. It is obtained that not only the amplitude but also the frequency of tooth vibration in drilling are increased. In addition to reactive force the drilling velocity, diameter of the drill tool and spindle speed affect the vibration level. The appropriate values of these parameters would eliminate or decrease the patient bad feeling.
Effectiveness and Safety of Ultrasound-guided Percutaneous Microwave Ablation for Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis
Authors: Deng Xu , Wang Jing-jing , Wang Zhi-xin , Fan Hai-ning , Wang Hai-jiu , Huang Han-sheng , Wang Kai-qaing , Yang Xiao-zhou , Han Jun-wei , Cairang Yangdan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMicrowave ablation (MWA) is a popular therapy for liver malignant tumor in recent years. Few studies have been conducted on its use in the treatment of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE). The study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MWA in the treatment of HAE.MethodsThis study analyzed the data of 45 patients (mean age,38 ±2 years; 24 males) diagnosed with HAE and underwent MWA treatment between June 2014 to December 2019. The patients after MWA were examined by CT or MRI to determine whether the lesions were relapsed and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of MWA. The safety of MWA was evaluated by monitoring postoperative complications. Clinical data, such as patient demographics, imaging features of the lesions, relevant findings of laboratory tests before and after ablation, and information related to ablation, were collected and analyzed. Paired-sample t tests and paired-sample Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used to compare relevant laboratory indicators before and after MWA. ResultsMWA was applied to 57 HAE lesions in 45 patients. The median size of lesions was 3.42 cm (IQR2.85-4.41). The rate of complete ablation was 100% (57/57). The median follow-up time was 32 months (IQR 23–48.5). The recurrence rate was 13% (6/45), and the median time of recurrence was 22 months. The rate of minor complications was 11.1% (5/45), and there were no major complications and deaths. Compared to preoperative, ALB, RBC, HBG, and PLT were decreased (p<0.001); ALT, TB, DB, and WBC were increased (p<0.001); and no statistically difference in PT, APTT, and INR (p＞0.05).ConclusionsMWA is a safe and effective way to cure HAE. Meanwhile, it provides a new option and a new way of thinking about the treatment modality for patients with lesions ≤ 5 cm in diameter.
Zero-Power PEMS System with Full-Bridge PWM Inverter: from Mechanism to Algorithm
Authors: ZHANG Zeyi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The permanent-electro magnetic suspension (PEMS) technology takes advantage of the attractive magnetic force between the magnet and the iron core and reduces the power consumption eventually to zero. However, the current of the zero-power PEMS system fluctuates around zero due to disturbances and suffers from the electronic nonlinearity. This work presents that the 2 µs turn-off delay (one electronic defect) of the integrated circuit (IC) L298N (one commercial full-bridge pulse-width-modulation (PWM) inverter produced by STMicroelectronics) leads to the nonlinear current-duty cycle characteristic, which undermines the control stability and limits the PWM frequency of the zero-power PEMS system. Moreover, the nonlinear mechanism is experimentally and theoretically analyzed for the critical PWM frequency and the sensitivity transition. Furthermore, this work proposes the compensation algorithm to overcome the electronic nonlinearity. It is demonstrated that the three-piece linearization approach stabilizes the PEMS system with only a few milliampere current and outperforms the two-piece counterpart with stronger robustness and smoother dynamics under the current-step-change test, especially for the PWM frequency higher than the critical value. Besides, the breakthrough of the critical PWM frequency by the compensation algorithm is of great significance for the dynamic performance of the high-speed PEMS transportation system.
Textbook outcome and survival of robotic versus laparoscopic total gastrectomy for gastric cancer: A propensity score matched cohort study
Authors: Roh Chul Kyu , Lee Soomin , Son Sang-Yong , Hur Hoon , Han Sang-Uk 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction Textbook outcome is a composite quality measurement of short-term outcomes for evaluating complex surgical procedures. We compared textbook outcome and survival of robotic total gastrectomy(RTG) with those of laparoscopic total gastrectomy(LTG).Methods We retrospectively reviewed 395patients(RTG,n = 74;LTG,n = 321) who underwent curative total gastrectomy for gastric cancer via minimally invasive approaches from 2009 to 2018. We performed propensity score matched analysis to adjust for potential selection bias. Textbook outcome included a negative resection margin, no intraoperative complication, retrieved lymph nodes > 15, no severe complication, no reintervention, no unplanned intensive care unit admission, hospitalisation ≤ 21days, no readmission after discharge, and no postoperative mortality. Survival outcomes included 5-year overall and relapse-free survival rates.Results After matching, 74patients in each group were selected. Textbook outcome was similar in the RTG and LTG groups(70.3% and 75.7%,respectively), although RTG required a longer operative time. The quality metric least often achieved was the presence of severe complications in both groups(77.0% in both groups). There were no differences in the 5-year overall survival rate(90.7% and 85.9%,respectively;log-rank P = 0.144) and relapse-free survival rate between the RTG and LTG groups(89.5% and 85.2%,respectively;log-rank P = 0.167).Conclusion Textbook outcome and survival outcome of RTG were comparable to those of LTG for gastric cancer.
A Dialogue on Fifth Dimension, Empty-Space
Authors: Chauhan Prashant 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Gravity and space-time are relative to each other because gravity or more precisely a gravitational wave is the only candidate responsible for empty-space around a mass and empty-space is the only candidate responsible for the mass of an object. It is true that a gravitational wave is a ripple in space-time but space-time is a result of a web of gravitational waves is also true and hence it is more appropriate to call space-time as gravitational-space-time and its known word to us is empty-space. Smallest unit of this web of gravitational waves is known as kaushal constant (K) [1]. Gravity is a result of the force of attraction in between two adjacent kaushal constants of the adjacent planes at a relative point in gravitational-space-time and hence this can be nicknamed as a web of gravity. The slower you move through space, the smaller your gravity web (or weaker the relative gravity) and hence the faster you move through time and vice versa. This paper is a solution to both mathematical and theoretical problems encountered in the field of quantum gravity [2] using theory of special connectivity [3].
Effect of Multi-Axial Stress State on the Deformation Path in Tube Flaring Process By Necking Instability Criteria
Authors: Buchmayr Bruno , Omidvar Alireza 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Various parts for automotive, appliance and oil industry are pro- duced from tubes that are assembled and welded. For gaining the best weight savings, durability and cost reasons (energy saving, production cost, etc) the formability of the tubular materials is very important. The overall success of deformation process heavily depends on the incoming tubular material proper- ties. In this work, formability of tubular steels is experimentally characterized and with the development of a numerical model the effect of biaxial stress state has been investigated. An experimental method has been developed to characterize the importance of multi-axial stress state on the formability of tubes. This requires the deformation in form of flaring of the tubular samples through a conical die. Damage strains are determined with the help of Hill-Swift Sheet Metal Forming Criteria and a plot of main strains occurring during the tube flaring test, after variation of the die-angle and friction coefficient has been resulted. Experimental results were then entered into the damage models of finite element program DEFORMTM-PC PRO and used to calibrate the damage model for formability so that a sizable variation of range of multiaxial state of stress could be produced. The results showed that with increasing the stress multiaxiality of tubular steels, the damage strain was reduced. This indicates that the proposed method could be used of benefit in quality control in the production of tubes specially in the monitoring and controlling of tubes production such as tube rolling, welding and annealing.
Medicinal plants in Butalejja District, Eastern Uganda: plants, medical importance, conservation and Medicinal Traditional Knowledge
Authors: Ssenku Jamilu. E. , Okurut Shaban A. , Namuli Aidah , Kudamba Ali , Wasige Godfrey , Kafeero Hussein M. , Walusansa Abdul 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Currently, the global consumption of herbal medicine is increasing steadily, incurring extinction risks to the medicinal plant species. Uganda is one of the top ten countries with alarming levels of loss of medicinal plant biodiversity, and erosion of the associated Medicinal Traditional Knowledge (MTK). This study documented medicinal plant species, and examined the approaches used in preventing extinction of these species and the associated MTK in Butalejja district. Methods: A cross – sectional study design was adopted to conduct an ethnopharmacological survey, using semi-structured questionnaires administered to purposively selected herbalists. Simple descriptive statistics were adopted for data analysis using STATA version-15.0. Results: A total of 133 medicinal plant species, belonging to 34 families and 125 genera were identified. Most species belonged to family Fabaceae (22; 65%), and Solanaceae (10; 29%). Leaves were the commonest organ used (81; 80%), followed by roots (15; 15%). Medicinal herbs were mainly administered orally as decoctions (100; 34.6%), and infusions (45; 16%). The most cited diseases treated were cough (24; 7.74%), Ulcers (23; 7.42%), and Malaria (14; 4.52%). Medicinal plants were majorly harvested from homestead farms and roadside vegetation, with wetlands being the least cited habitat. Efforts to stop the extinction of medicinal plants and MTK were inadequate. Conclusion and recommendations: There was high dependency on medicinal plant species for primary healthcare and income generation. Noted also was the accelerated loss of medicinal plant biodiversity due to habitat destruction, especially in swamps. The conservation of medicinal plants and MTK was largely attributed to traditional cultural values. There is need for validation of efficacy and safety of key medicinal plants identified in this study, to support their future adoption in clinical medicine and pharmaceutical industries. Inclusion of traditional cultural ideals in national biodiversity conservation programs is warranted.
ERM Complex, A Therapeutic Target for Vascular Leakage Induced
by Diabetes
Authors: Simó-Servat Olga , Ramos Hugo , Bogdanov Patricia , García-Ramírez Marta , Huerta Jordi , Hernández Cristina , Simó Rafael 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Ezrin, radixin, and moesin (the ERM complex) interact directly
with membrane proteins regulating their attachment to actin filaments. ERM protein activation
modifies cytoskeleton organization and alters the endothelial barrier function, thus
favoring vascular leakage. However, little is known regarding the role of ERM proteins
in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Objective: This study aimed to examine whether overexpression
of the ERM complex exists in db/db mice and its main regulating factors.

Methods:
9 male db/db mice and 9 male db/+ aged 14 weeks were analyzed. ERM proteins
were assessed by western blot and by immunohistochemistry. Vascular leakage was
determined by the Evans blue method. To assess ERM regulation, HRECs were cultured
in a medium containing 5.5 mM D-glucose (mimicking physiological conditions) and 25
mM D-glucose (mimicking hyperglycemia that occurs in diabetic patients). Moreover,
treatment with TNF-α, IL-1β, or VEGF was added to a high glucose condition. The expression
of ERM proteins was quantified by RT-PCR. Cell permeability was evaluated
by measuring movements of FITC-dextran.

Results:
A significant increase of ERM in diabetic mice in comparison with non-diabetic
mice was observed. A high glucose condition alone did not have any effect on ERM expression.
However, TNF-α and IL-1β induced a significant increase in ERM proteins.

Conclusion:
The increase of ERM proteins induced by diabetes could be one of the
mechanisms involved in vascular leakage and could be considered as a therapeutic target.
Moreover, the upregulation of the ERM complex by diabetes is induced by inflammatory
mediators rather than by high glucose itself.
RECENT WORK IN THE EPISTEMOLOGY OF UNDERSTANDING
Authors: Hannon Michael 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe philosophical interest in the nature, value, and varieties of human understanding has swelled in recent years. This article will provide an overview of new research in the epistemology of understanding, with a particular focus on the following questions: What is understanding and why should we care about it? Is understanding reducible to knowledge? Does it require truth, belief, or justification? Can there be lucky understanding? Does it require “grasping” or some kind of “know-how”? This cluster of questions has largely set the research agenda for the study of understanding in epistemology. This article will conclude by discussing some varieties of understanding and highlighting directions for future research.
The Incomes and Expenses of the Castle Demesne of Bran at the Beginning of the 16th Century
Authors: Zsolt Simon 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper I analyze the medieval incomes and expenses of the castle domain of Bran (in Hungarian: Törcsvár, in German: Törzburg), compound of the castle itself and nine surrounding villages, situated in the Southeastern corner of Transylvania. The main sources of this investigation are the demesne’s remained medieval financial accounts, covering the years 1504–1513 and 1522–1526; charters referring to the domain remained only in small numbers.
Landmarks in the Evolution of the Main Types of Banking Operations of Albina in Sibiu 1872-1946. I
Authors: Dobrescu Vasile 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The 75 years history of Albina Bank reflects in its main characteristics that particularize it in the modern banking system the forms and crediting policies present in its statutes.
The initial focus of the Albina Bank board was to activate a diverse palate of credit activities – in the first statute of the bank we can find no less than 15 types of loans. Few were actually accommodated, according to the possibilities of financing and also related to the social and economic background of the future debtors that came, the majority until 1918 from the rural areas. More so, the bank took into account the economic, financial and political context where the Romanian elite from Transylvania activated. Thus, in the first period of activity of the Albina bank its board will activate the most mobile types of crediting (credit of input and lending with public collaterals) wanting to increase the funding sources which are the main focus on the first part on an extended study.
Length-weight relationship, morphometric characters, and meristic counts of the coldwater fish Crossocheilus diplochilus (Heckel) from Dal Lake
Authors: Sidiq Muzamil , Ahmed Imtiaz , Bakhtiyar Yahya 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Morphometric and meristic characters are very important for the identification of any fish specimen. The present study aims to describe the morphometric and meristic characters of the indigenous fish Crossocheilus diplochilus (Heckel) from Dal Lake. This fish is commonly known as Kashmir latia and is called tether locally. In the present study, the material analyzed was 70 specimens ranging in size from 6.9–13 cm (TL) with a mean length of 10.8 cm and a weight range of 3.2–24.0 g with a mean weight of 10.1 g. The parameters with the highest correlations with total length were standard length and fork length at 0.983 and 0.989, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that all morphometric characters changed proportionally as total length increased. The meristic counts analyzed in the present study remained constant in fish of different sizes indicating that they are independent of body size. The study of morphometric characters is very important to determine the growth rate of these fish, which, in turn, is required to properly manage its populations.