bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positive Education Pedagogy: Shifting Teacher Mindsets, Practice, and Language to Make Wellbeing Visible in Classrooms
Authors: Waters Lea 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis chapter puts forward three key ideas for expanding the field of positive education. First, I call for the field to develop evidence-based ways to implicitly deliver wellbeing practices in addition to the current delivery mode of explicit programs. Second, I suggest that the current practice of teaching the content of wellbeing would benefit from including approaches that also build the contexts for wellbeing. Third, I recommend that the field must empower teachers to utilize their own teaching expertise as compared to simply delivering a pre-designed wellbeing curriculum. The core “change lever” to incorporate implicit approaches, build contexts for wellbeing, and empower teachers is that of pedagogy. “Positive Education Pedagogy” reflects the idea that how a teacher educates, not just what is taught, is a key factor in building student wellbeing. Infusing positive education into teacher pedagogy allows wellbeing to be built in all classes and subjects across the entire school and not just in those classes that explicitly teach positive education programs. To demonstrate these ideas, a qualitative case study investigating the outcomes of a positive pedagogical intervention is presented. Results of this study found that teachers who are trained in positive education pedagogy are able to legitimize, action, and spread wellbeing. Positive education pedagogy creates change within the teacher, across classrooms, and throughout the school. These findings are explained through three key positive psychology theories: mindsets, broaden and build, and systems informed positive psychology (SIPP).
Positive Professional Practice: A Strength-Based Reflective Practice Teaching Model
Authors: White Mathew A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWhile positive education research has grown over the past decade, making strides in measurement, interventions, and applications, it has also been criticised for lacking consistent guiding theoretical frameworks, heavily emphasising psychology over education, and being driven by unacknowledged pedagogical assumptions. This chapter argues that a particular stumbling block has been ignoring the professional practice of positive education; that is, what positive education teachers do and how they know they are having an impact. To addresses this gap, this chapter introduces a strength-based reflective practice model for teachers that integrates the Values in Action classification of character strengths with Brookfield’s four lenses for reflective practice, which consists of: (1) the students’ eyes, (2) colleagues’ perceptions, (3) personal experience, and (4) theory. The model aims to provide a method for critical self-reflection, thereby helping to enable effective professional practice. Through this model, perhaps positive education can become a pedagogy that has found its practice.
Trauma-Aware Practice and Positive Education
Authors: Brunzell Tom 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this chapter, positive education is reframed using advances in understanding through trauma-informed perspectives for schools educating students impacted by trauma and systemic educational disadvantage. In order to de-silo trauma-informed teaching and positive education, trauma-aware perspectives are first introduced, including priorities for intervention arising from a systematic review of trauma-aware teacher practice models. Next, positive education is repositioned as a developmental step for teacher practice to fortify wellbeing strategies within the classroom. Then, recommendations are provided, giving guidance for how teachers can begin this practice within their own schools. The chapter concludes with recommendations to support teacher wellbeing in the face of secondary traumatic stress, vicarious effects of childhood trauma, and workplace burnout.
Self-Determination in Positive Education
Authors: Wehmeyer Michael L. , Cheon Sung Hyeon , Lee Youngsun , Silver Matthew 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOne of the constructs that has been widely researched in positive psychology is self-determination, which refers generally to acting volitionally, based upon one’s own preferences, interests, and values. This chapter overviews conceptualizations of self-determination in the context of theories of agentic human behaviour, motivational psychology, and disability. Two primary theoretical perspectives on self-determination, Self-Determination Theory and Causal Agency Theory, are discussed, and their relative contributions to understanding the development of self-determination examined. Three education-based interventions that have been derived from these theoretical perspectives are described, as well as the evidence supporting their implementation: an intervention to increase teacher skills and knowledge to be autonomy-supportive; a schoolwide intervention that emphasizes autonomy, competency, and relationships; and a teaching model that enables teachers to teach students to self-regulate problem-solving leading to setting and attaining educational goals. To create schools that benefit all students, we need to focus on promoting student agency, student ownership over learning, and meaningfulness and purpose.
FOLDOUT: A Through Foliage Surveillance System for Border Security
Authors: Bolakis Christos , Mantzana Vasiliki , Michalis Pantelis , Vassileiou Aggelos , Pflugfelder Roman , Litzenberger Martin , Hubner Michael , Pastore Gaetano , Oricchio Domenico , Desplas Marie , Ansart Marie , Santovito Maria Rosaria , Pica Giulia , Patino Luis , Ferryman James , Kriechbaum-Zabini Andreas 
Published: June 2021

AbstractImproved methods for border surveillance are necessary to ensure an effective and efficient EU border management. In the border control context, as defined by the Schengen Border Code, border surveillance is defined as “the surveillance of borders between border crossing points and the surveillance of border crossing points outside the fixed opening hours, in order to prevent persons from circumventing border checks”. In this paper, an overview of an EU-funded program related to border security called FOLDOUT is described. FOLDOUT’s focus is on through foliage detection in the inner and outermost regions of the EU. The proposed FOLDOUT system will assist border guards by providing prompt detection of illegal activity at borders and trace the movement and routes prior to arrival in border areas. Different sensors will be developed to detect and locate people and vehicles operating under the coverage of trees and other foliage over large areas. In achieving this, a holistic system employing fused advanced ground, aerial and space-based sensors mounted on StratobusTM and satellite platforms is presented. The system will be demonstrated in different countries in order to test the performance under different weather conditions. Current results are related to FOLDOUT fusion demonstrator system which takes detections from three independent sensor types and unifies detections to eliminate inconsistencies and allow for a global view of activity in the border area.
From Restorative Building to Regenerative Economy: A Model-Theoretical Analysis on Bio-based Plastics for the Construction Industry
Authors: Friedrich Daniel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWith the introduction of the Construction Products Directive EU305:2011, architects are more than ever required to select products with a high proportion of renewable raw materials. Only then will it be possible to internalise, hence to compensate, for environmental damage caused by technologies that do not conserve resources and are energy-intensive. Using a novel bio-based wood-plastic composite (WPC) as an example, this chapter shows that internalisation can be successful if conventional fossil plastics are “greened” by adding renewable biomass. The results show that this is only the case if the bio-content is not too high but exceeds a minimum value. The degree of sustainability depends on the assessment of the extent of damage to the environment and society. The optimal level of internalisation can then become allocatively efficient, meaning that the costs of avoiding plastics do not increase more than the damage costs decrease. The findings demonstrate that environmental protection can also be economically meaningful and potentially contributes to increasing social welfare in society. A paradigm shift towards restorative economy in construction should take this principle into account.
The Green Building Approach: Recent Initiatives in the Evolving Italian Scenario
Authors: Tucci Fabrizio 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSeveral analyses and reports on sustainable design are pointing worldwide in the direction of what is known as the ‘Green Building’ approach: an integrated, multi-sectoral approach to the implementation of improvements that aim to increase levels of well-being, social inclusion and long-lasting development in cities, on the basis of most urgent aspects of environmental quality, efficiency and circularity of resources, in a climate change scenario. In Italy, in 2017, the ‘Future City Manifesto’ was launched as part of the initiatives of the Italian General States of the Green Economy in Architecture, aiming at mainstreaming the Green Building approach within the international Green City Network. The objective of this chapter is to present and discuss recent initiatives in the field of sustainable architecture and green economy in Italy, pointing at innovative processes, strategies, methods and tools in a Green Building approach, suitable to activate policy actions and foster significant results as regards future green growth and urban development.
Water Runoff and Catchment Improvement by Nature-Based Solution (NBS) Promotion in Private Household Gardens: An Agent-Based Model
Authors: Koppelaar Rembrandt , Marvuglia Antonino , Rugani Benedetto 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNature-based solutions (NBS) such as rainwater gardens and permeable paving can be deployed as an alternative to conventional urban gardens to improve cities’ resilience against increasing rainfall. This study describes the application of an agent-based model (ABM) to assess the role of private gardens toward the enhancement of water management by households. The ABM simulates the process of switching from “gray” (i.e., paved) to green gardens, taking into account the effect of “soft” (garden networks and gardening workshops) and “hard” (monetary) incentives. The ABM is supported by a water balance model to consider the effect of rainfall on soil water retention. Four different cities in Europe were analyzed: Szeged (Hungary), Alcalá de Henares (Spain), Metropolitan city of Milan (Italy), and Çankaya Municipality (Turkey). The results demonstrate that greening private gardens can generate impact on water run-off and catchment in cities in the order of 5–10%, reaching picks up to 20% in certain cases. While the proposed model is not devoid of limitations, the results provide useful insights in the ways different instruments (e.g., municipal subsidies and knowledge support) could assist with the greening of private gardens for NBS promotion to respond to cities’ water management challenges.
Carbon Accounting for Regenerative Cities
Authors: Heinonen Jukka , Ottelin Juudit 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe carbon budget for limiting global warming to the targeted 1.5 ° is running out. Cities have a central role in climate change mitigation, as the vast majority of all greenhouse gas emissions occur to satisfy the energy and material needs of cities and their residents. However, cities typically only account for their direct local emissions from transportation, industry, and energy production. This may lead to the so-called low-carbon illusion of cities following from producing little and reporting low emissions, while extensively relying on imported material and energy flows. Consumption-based accounting, or carbon footprinting, enables overcoming this problem by assigning the emissions to the end user regardless of the place of production. However, currently the carbon footprinting methods only capture the harm side, and not the potential positive effects, the restorative or regenerative impacts, caused by green infrastructure, reforestation, and carbon capture and storage, for example. These positive impacts are sometimes called “carbon handprint”. In this chapter, we create a handprint-extended carbon footprinting method to illustrate how restorative and regenerative impacts can be incorporated consistently in the carbon accounting of cities and carbon footprints of consumers. We also link the discussion on regenerative cities with the remaining carbon budgets.
How Rating Systems Support Regenerative Change in the Built Environment
Authors: Orova Melinda , Reith András 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUrban development principles have evolved from sustainability, where the focus was on limiting the negative impact of urban environment, to restorative and regenerative sustainability, where positive impact is needed on global social and ecological systems. This recent paradigm shift requires the development of new tools for practitioners, like design methodologies, new technologies, and assessment methods.To measure the impact of sustainability on the built environment, several building-scale assessment tools exist. The question is how these widespread rating systems support restorative change in the built environment.The main question of the research is answered in three methodological steps. First, the goals of restorative sustainability are summarized from the available extensive literature, including the topics of Place, Energy, Water, Well-being, Carbon, Resources, Equity, Education, and Economics. Then different rating tools (Living Building Challenge, WELL, LEED, BREEAM, DGNB) are analysed how the considered issues and indicators in these rating tools are connected to restorative goals. Then these indicators are assessed how they serve that goal.The result of this study shows the main strengths and gaps in current wide-spread international rating tools regarding their support of restorative sustainability.
Covering the Gap for an Effective Energy and Environmental Design of Green Roofs: Contributions from Experimental and Modelling Researches
Authors: Cirrincione Laura , Peri Giorgia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGreen roofs are components of the building envelope that have become increasingly popular in urban contexts because other than providing numerous environmental benefits they are also capable of reducing building energy consumption, especially in summer. However, despite all these advantages, green roofs are still affected by some limitations. Specifically, there are some gaps affecting the energy modelling consisting in the absence of a proper database, information (growth stage, leaf area index, and coverage ratio) relative to the different green roof plant species, which technicians could use in case of lack of actual field data to perform energy analysis of buildings equipped with green roofs. These gaps concern also environmental and economic assessments of such technology. In fact, the currently available green roof LCA and LCC studies seem to underestimate the role of the substrate on the overall environmental impact and the role of the disposal phase on the life cycle cost of the green roof. In this chapter, all these aspects are addressed, and contributions to their solution, which arose from both experimental and modelling research, carried out by the authors are presented.
Gender Matters! Thermal Comfort and Individual Perception of Indoor Environmental Quality: A Literature Review
Authors: Haselsteiner Edeltraud 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe use of technology in construction has allowed a significant increase in comfort and the construction of energy-efficient buildings. However, for indoor environmental comfort, there is no universal standard that fits all. The indoor climate is perceived individually and the requirements are subjectively shaped. In this paper, a literature review is carried out to describe particular aspects relevant to gender. The aim is to raise awareness of these aspects in order to advance equality orientation as an integral part of planning and energy-efficient building concepts. The findings show that thermal comfort is an essential parameter, and up to 3 °C of differences between women and men were found. This difference is most evident in offices where women show a better cognitive performance in a warmer environment, while men do better in colder temperatures. Gender was also found to be an influencing factor of satisfaction with humidity, acoustic conditions, visual comfort, privacy, air quality, health aspects, light preferences, and brightness perception. Moreover, sick-building syndrome is more common among women. In conclusion, the literature confirms that essential indoor environmental quality (IEQ) parameters vary significantly across men and women and should be taken more into account in the practice of building technology.
Rethinking Infrastructure as the Fabric of a Changing Society
Authors: Weijnen Margot , Correljé Aad 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this chapter, we explore the nature of infrastructure, how it is appreciated by society, how this appreciation has changed over the lifetime of the infrastructure, and how infrastructure development and performance are influenced by the governance structures in place. While the focus in this chapter is on energy infrastructure, ample illustrative material is also provided from other infrastructure sectors. We examine the trends towards technological and administrative decentralisation and towards digitalisation of infrastructure (service) provision. These trends enable formerly passive consumers to adopt new roles as providers of energy, data and transport services, and result in strongly increasing cross-sector interdependencies, especially between energy, transport and digital infrastructure. These interdependencies, however, are not reflected in the siloed governance structure of these domains, which hinders the energy transition. Furthermore, we diagnose a mismatch between, on the one hand, the focus of energy infrastructure governance on cost-effectiveness—with a view to low-cost service provision—and, on the other hand, the role of infrastructure in upholding and creating social value in terms of equity, fairness and social justice. Since the energy market liberalisation, the fundamental role of infrastructure as the fabric of society appears to be a blind spot in reflections on infrastructure and largely unexplored territory in current infrastructure policy and governance. If not remedied, this blind spot may exacerbate existing inequalities between energy consumers and create new divides in society, as is illustrated by current developments in the Netherlands with respect to sustainable heat provision. We advocate a richer value orientation in energy infrastructure governance and infrastructure governance at large, which goes beyond the current focus on efficiency and economic value, in recognition of changing societal values and priorities and, most of all, to fulfil the potential of infrastructure in creating an inclusive society.
Perspectives on Justice in the Future Energy System: A Dutch Treat
Authors: Correljé Aad 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe (un)affordability, the (un)reliability and the (un)sustainability of our energy supply are increasingly associated with the phenomenon of energy justice. This concerns the way in which different groups of citizens and businesses experience the benefits and burdens of the energy transition. We explore how the concept of energy justice may support a just transition. Firstly, we address the socio-political embedding of the energy sector and policy-making. Then we explain how the concept of energy justice is defined and operationalized, in respect of policy making and implementation. Thereupon we apply the concept of energy justice to the current Dutch energy debate, addressing the reduction of natural gas production to diminish the number and strength of earthquakes in Groningen, and the longer-term policy objectives of the energy transition. It addresses the radical changes in energy use and supply and the consequent wide variety in direct and indirect consequences for citizens and businesses, depending on their specific circumstances. The notion of energy justice is discussed as a feature in local, national and EU policy making and implementation, and as a claim of social actors, communities and individuals. The suggestion that justice issues can be identified and solved at these levels, is too simple. It is important to consider the layout and nature of the socio-technical energy system and its functioning. It is concluded that the concept of justice may help researchers to identify the relevant values and value conflicts in the energy transition. This can help policymakers to make informed choices.
Hydrogen–The Bridge Between Africa and Europe
Authors: van Wijk Ad , Wouters Frank 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis chapter describes a European energy system based on 50% renewable electricity and 50% green hydrogen, which can be achieved by 2050. The green hydrogen shall consist of hydrogen produced in Europe, complemented by hydrogen imports, especially from North Africa. Hydrogen import from North Africa will be beneficial for both Europe and North Africa. A bold energy sector strategy with an important infrastructure component is suggested, which differs from more traditional bottom-up sectoral strategies. This approach guarantees optimized use of (existing) infrastructure, has low risk and cost, improves Europe’s energy security and supports European technology leadership. In North Africa it would foster economic development, boost export, create future-oriented jobs in a high-tech sector and support social stability.
Decentralised Control and Peer-To-Peer Cooperation in Smart Energy Systems
Authors: Deconinck Geert 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn order to achieve a decarbonised energy system, change has to happen from electricity generation to the transmission grid over the distribution level all the way down to the industrial loads and the local households. To get involvement of communities in this energy transition, local participation is needed, so that the citizens can be aware of the impact of their energy-related actions on environment and climate. However, the energy system has typically been organised in a top-down fashion, with centralised approaches and little active control, resulting in passive grid and ditto customers. Smart grids have put active customers and consumer engagement as one of the cornerstones of a more intelligent energy infrastructure, which can be organised differently. Indeed, in different niches decentralised approaches have been used successfully (decoupled microgrids, peer-to-peer networks, etc.). This chapter explores how decentralised approaches can fit the future energy system and how it can empower people for engaging in the energy transition.