bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Matching higher symmetries across Intriligator-Seiberg duality
Authors: Lee Yasunori , Ohmori Kantaro , Tachikawa Yuji 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We study higher symmetries and anomalies of 4d $$ \mathfrak{so} $$
so
(2nc) gauge theory with 2nf flavors. We find that they depend on the parity of nc and nf, the global form of the gauge group, and the discrete theta angle. The contribution from the fermions plays a central role in our analysis. Furthermore, our conclusion applies to $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 supersymmetric cases as well, and we see that higher symmetries and anomalies match across the Intriligator-Seiberg duality between $$ \mathfrak{so} $$
so
(2nc) ↔$$ \mathfrak{so} $$
so
(2nf − 2nc + 4).
Charging up the functional bootstrap
Authors: Ghosh Kausik , Kaviraj Apratim , Paulos Miguel F. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We revisit the problem of bootstrapping CFT correlators of charged fields. After discussing in detail how bounds for uncharged fields can be recycled to the charged case, we introduce two sets of analytic functional bases for correlators on the line. The first, which we call “simple”, is essentially a direct sum of analytic functionals for the uncharged case. We use it to establish very general bounds on the OPE density appearing in charged correlators. The second basis is dual to generalized free fields and we explain how it is related to a charged version of the Polyakov bootstrap. We apply these functionals to map out the space of correlators and obtain new improved bounds on the 3d Ising twist defect.
Janus solutions from dyonic ISO(7) maximal gauged supergravity
Authors: Karndumri Parinya , Maneerat Chawakorn 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We give a large class of new supersymmetric Janus solutions in dyonic ISO(7) maximal gauged supergravity encompassing all known solutions appearing recently. We consider SO(3) invariant sector in which the gauged supergravity admits four supersymmetric AdS4 vacua with N = 1, 1, 2, 3 unbroken supersymmetries and G2, SU(3), SU(3) × U(1) and SO(4) symmetries, respectively. We find Janus solutions preserving N = 1, 2, 3 supersymmetries and interpolating between AdS4 vacua and the N = 8 SYM phase. These solutions can be interpreted as conformal interfaces between SYM and various conformal phases of the dual field theory in three dimensions. The solutions can also be embedded in massive type IIA theory by a consistent truncation on S6. We also find a number of singular Janus solutions interpolating between N = 8 SYM or AdS4 vacua and singularities or between singular geometries. It turns out that, apart from the SYM phase on D2-branes, all the singularities arising in these solutions are unphysical in both four- and ten-dimensional frameworks.
Factorization of Polynomials Given by Arithmetic Branching Programs
Authors: Sinhababu Amit , Thierauf Thomas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGiven a multivariate polynomial computed by an arithmetic branching
program (ABP) of size s, we show that all its factors can be
computed by arithmetic branching programs of size poly(s).
Kaltofen gave a similar result for polynomials computed by
arithmetic circuits. The previously known best upper bound for
ABP-factors was poly $$ (s^{ {\rm \log} s}) $$

(

s

log
s

)

.
Intrazerebrale Blutungen unter Plättchenaggregationshemmung und oraler Antikoagulation bei Patienten mit zerebraler Amyloidangiopathie
Authors: Haußmann R. , Homeyer P. , Haußmann M. , Brandt M. , Donix M. , Puetz V. , Linn J. 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Durchführung einer oralen Antikoagulation ist bei Patienten mit einer zerebralen Amyloidangiopathie eine therapeutische Herausforderung. Die Assoziation der zerebralen Amyloidangiopathie mit Lobärblutungen, eine hohe Mortalität intrazerebraler Blutungen insbesondere unter oraler Antikoagulation sowie das hohe Rezidivrisiko solcher Blutungen erfordern eine strenge und interdisziplinäre Risiko-Nutzen-Abwägung. Vitamin-K-Antagonisten erhöhen das Risiko für die mit intrazerebralen Blutungen vergesellschaftete Mortalität um 60 % und sollten daher möglichst vermieden bzw. speziellen klinischen Situationen (z. B. mechanischer Aortenklappenersatz) vorbehalten sein. Auch der Einsatz von neuen oralen Antikoagulanzien und Thrombozytenaggregationshemmern bedarf einer strengen Risiko-Nutzen-Abwägung, da auch diese Substanzen das zerebrale Blutungsrisiko erhöhen. Insbesondere bei Patienten mit einer absoluten Arrhyhtmie bei Vorhofflimmern ist der interventionelle Vorhofohrverschluss eine therapeutische Alternative. Darüber hinaus sind weitere klinische Implikationen bei Patienten mit zerebraler Amyloidangiopathie Gegenstand dieser Literaturübersicht, beispielsweise Besonderheiten nach akutem ischämischem Schlaganfall und erforderlicher Sekundärprophylaxe, bei vorherigen intrazerebralen Blutungen und bei Patienten mit kognitiven Defiziten.
Speeding up to keep up: exploring the use of AI in the research process
Authors: Chubb Jennifer , Cowling Peter , Reed Darren 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThere is a long history of the science of intelligent machines and its potential to provide scientific insights have been debated since the dawn of AI. In particular, there is renewed interest in the role of AI in research and research policy as an enabler of new methods, processes, management and evaluation which is still relatively under-explored. This empirical paper explores interviews with leading scholars on the potential impact of AI on research practice and culture through deductive, thematic analysis to show the issues affecting academics and universities today. Our interviewees identify positive and negative consequences for research and researchers with respect to collective and individual use. AI is perceived as helpful with respect to information gathering and other narrow tasks, and in support of impact and interdisciplinarity. However, using AI as a way of ‘speeding up—to keep up’ with bureaucratic and metricised processes, may proliferate negative aspects of academic culture in that the expansion of AI in research should assist and not replace human creativity. Research into the future role of AI in the research process needs to go further to address these challenges, and ask fundamental questions about how AI might assist in providing new tools able to question the values and principles driving institutions and research processes. We argue that to do this an explicit movement of meta-research on the role of AI in research should consider the effects for research and researcher creativity. Anticipatory approaches and engagement of diverse and critical voices at policy level and across disciplines should also be considered.
In silico evaluation of limited sampling strategies for individualized dosing of extended half-life factor IX concentrates in hemophilia B patients
Authors: Preijers T. , van Spengler M. W. F. , Meijer K. , Fijnvandraat K. , Fischer K. , Leebeek F. W. G. , Cnossen M. H. , Mathôt R. A. A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Hemophilia B is a bleeding disorder, caused by a factor IX (FIX) deficiency. Recently, FIX concentrates with extended half-life (EHL) have become available. Prophylactic dosing of EHL-FIX concentrates can be optimized by assessment of individual pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters. To determine these parameters, limited sampling strategies (LSSs) may be applied. The study aims to establish adequate LSSs for estimating individual PK parameters of EHL-FIX concentrates using in silico evaluation.

Methods
Monte Carlo simulations were performed to obtain FIX activity versus time profiles using published population PK models for N9-GP (Refixia), rFIXFc (Alprolix), and rIX-FP (Idelvion). Fourteen LSSs, containing three or four samples taken within 8 days after administration, were formulated. Bayesian analysis was applied to obtain estimates for clearance (CL), half-life (t1/2), time to 1% (Time1%), and calculated weekly dose (Dose1%). Bias and precision of these estimates were assessed to determine which LSS was adequate.

Results
For all PK parameters of N9-GP, rFIXFc and rIX-FP bias was generally acceptable (range: −5% to 5%). For N9-GP, precision of all parameters for all LSSs was acceptable (< 25%). For rFIXFc, precision was acceptable for CL and Time1%, except for t1/2 (range: 27.1% to 44.7%) and Dose1% (range: 12% to 29.4%). For rIX-FP, all LSSs showed acceptable bias and precision, except for Dose1% using LSS with the last sample taken on day 3 (LSS 6 and 10).

Conclusion
Best performing LSSs were LSS with samples taken at days 1, 5, 7, and 8 (N9-GP and rFIXFc) and at days 1, 4, 6, and 8 (rIX-FP), respectively.
Explainable AI to improve acceptance of convolutional neural networks for automatic classification of dopamine transporter SPECT in the diagnosis of clinically uncertain parkinsonian syndromes
Authors: Nazari Mahmood , Kluge Andreas , Apostolova Ivayla , Klutmann Susanne , Kimiaei Sharok , Schroeder Michael , Buchert Ralph 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) provide high accuracy for automatic classification of dopamine transporter (DAT) SPECT images. However, CNN are inherently black-box in nature lacking any kind of explanation for their decisions. This limits their acceptance for clinical use. This study tested layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP) to explain CNN-based classification of DAT-SPECT in patients with clinically uncertain parkinsonian syndromes.

Methods
The study retrospectively included 1296 clinical DAT-SPECT with visual binary interpretation as “normal” or “reduced” by two experienced readers as standard-of-truth. A custom-made CNN was trained with 1008 randomly selected DAT-SPECT. The remaining 288 DAT-SPECT were used to assess classification performance of the CNN and to test LRP for explanation of the CNN-based classification.

Results
Overall accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the CNN were 95.8%, 92.8%, and 98.7%, respectively. LRP provided relevance maps that were easy to interpret in each individual DAT-SPECT. In particular, the putamen in the hemisphere most affected by nigrostriatal degeneration was the most relevant brain region for CNN-based classification in all reduced DAT-SPECT. Some misclassified DAT-SPECT showed an “inconsistent” relevance map more typical for the true class label.

Conclusion
LRP is useful to provide explanation of CNN-based decisions in individual DAT-SPECT and, therefore, can be recommended to support CNN-based classification of DAT-SPECT in clinical routine. Total computation time of 3 s is compatible with busy clinical workflow. The utility of “inconsistent” relevance maps to identify misclassified cases requires further investigation.
Entwicklung von Qualitätsstandards für die Versorgung von Patient*innen mit rheumatoider Arthritis zur Anwendung in Deutschland
Authors: Kiltz U. , Buschhorn-Milberger V. , Albrecht K. , Lakomek H.-J. , Lorenz H.-M. , Rudwaleit M. , Schneider M. , Schulze-Koops H. , Aringer M. , Hasenbring M. I. , Herzer P. , von Hinüber U. , Krüger K. , Lauterbach A. , Manger B. , Oltman R. , Schuch F. , Schmale-Grede R. , Späthling-Mestekemper S. , Zinke S. , Braun J. 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungTrotz einer qualitativ und strukturell guten Versorgung von Patient*innen mit rheumatoider Arthritis (RA) in Deutschland bestehen weiterhin potenziell behebbare Defizite in der Qualität der Versorgung. Aus diesem Grund hat die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie (DGRh) eine Expert*innengruppe, in der verschiedene Interessengruppen vertreten waren, beauftragt, nationale Qualitätsstandards (QS) mit dem Ziel zu entwickeln, die rheumatologische Versorgung von Patient*innen mit RA in Deutschland qualitativ zu verbessern. QS dienen der Festlegung und quantitativen Messung guter Versorgungsqualität unter dem Vorbehalt von Relevanz und Realisierbarkeit. Als Grundlage für die Entwicklung dienten die kürzlich publizierten Standards von NICE und ASAS und eine systematische Literatursuche. Insgesamt wurden 8 hiermit erstmals veröffentlichte QS konsentiert, die als Grundlage dienen können, die Versorgungsqualität von Patient*innen mit RA in Deutschland zu messen und weiter zu optimieren.
Advanced 3D Textile Applications for the Building Envelope
Authors: Lüling Claudia , Rucker-Gramm Petra , Weilandt Agnes , Beuscher Johanna , Nagel Dominik , Schneider Jens , Maier Andreas , Bauder Hans-Jürgen , Weimer Timo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWithin the field of textile construction, textiles are traditionally used either as decorative elements in interior design or as flat textiles in tensile-stressed lightweight constructions (roofs, temporary buildings, etc.). Technical textiles made of glass or carbon fibers are now also used as steel substitutes in concrete construction. There, flat textiles are also used as lost formwork or shaping semi-finished products. Applications for 3D textiles and in particular spacer textiles have so far only been investigated as part of multilayer constructions in combination with other elements. Otherwise, there are no studies for their application potential in the roof and wall areas of buildings and as a starting structure for opaque and translucent components. The two research projects presented here, "ReFaTex" (adjustable spacer fabrics for solar shading devices) and "ge3TEX" (warp-knitted, woven and foamed spacer fabrics) illustrate for one thing the possibilities for using 3D textiles for the construction of movable and translucently variable solar protection elements in the building envelope. Otherwise they show how 3D textiles in combination with foamed materials can be transformed into opaque, lightweight, self-supporting and insulated wall and ceiling components in the building envelope. Both projects are designed experimentally and iteratively. The results are compared in a qualifying manner, the aim being not to quantify individual measured variables but to explore the development potential of textile construction for sustainable future components and to realize the first demonstrators. In the ReFaTex project, 1:1 demonstrators with different movement mechanisms for controlling the incidence of light were realized. In the ge3TEX project, 1:1 demonstrators made of three different textile and foam materials were added to form new single-origin composite components for ceiling elements. Both projects show the great application potential for 3D textiles in the construction industry.
How is price explosivity triggered in the cryptocurrency markets?
Authors: Cai Yuzhi , Chevapatrakul Thanaset , Mascia Danilo V. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe shed light on how the price explosivity characterising Bitcoin and other major cryptocurrencies is triggered, by employing the Quantile Self-Exciting Threshold Autoregressive (QSETAR) model. Our results for Bitcoin, Ripple, and Stellar reveal that the explosive behaviour originates from the extreme upper tails of the return distributions following a price increase in the preceding day. We do not find evidence of explositivity in the price of Litecoin.
Different Reality? Generations’ and Religious Groups’ Views of Spirituality Policies in the Workplace
Authors: Jolliffe Patricia , Foster Scott 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOver the past 20 years, there has been considerable expansion, particularly spirituality theory in the workplace. Simultaneously, there has been a growth of research, most especially in practitioner publication into generational differences. The study's context is human resource (HR) policy and procedures in the workplace. Through this prism, generational perspectives and religious theory are compared and scrutinised within the United Kingdom. Two major religious groups (Muslim and Christian) and three-generational categories (Millennials, Generation X, and Baby Boomers) were selected to explore different attitudes, with participants identifying as belonging to religious groups outside of these two major religions, categorised as 'Other.' This study adopts a quantitative approach, with questionnaires gathering employees' perceptions of spirituality policy within their place of work. Although the study found differences in expectations between the religious groups and between the three generations, there is greater homogeneity than a difference in that the results provide limited support for workplace spirituality. Indeed, the study raises more questions than answers. The study uncovered areas ripe for informed debate around personal values, generations, and spirituality in the workplace. This is a relatively new research area, and our findings are in line with others that suggest that employee spiritual well-being is both underresearched and underexplored by organisations. Changing the current intransigence around the place of spirituality is overdue.
Inequalities in Access and Utilization of Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Services in sub-Saharan Africa: A Special Focus on Urban Settings
Authors: Sidze E. M. , Wekesah F. M. , Kisia L. , Abajobir A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this paper is to share the results of a systematic review on the state of inequalities in access to and utilization of maternal, newborn and child health (MNCH) services in the sub-Saharan African region. The focus of the review was on urban settings where growing needs and challenges have been registered over the past few years due to rapid increase in urban populations and urban slums.

Methods
The review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies published in English between 2000 and 2019 were included. A narrative synthesis of both qualitative and quantitative data was undertaken. The record for registration in PROSPERO was CRD42019122066.

Results
The review highlights a great variation in MNCH services utilization across urban sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The main aspects of vulnerability to unequal and poor MNCH services utilization in urban settings of the region include poverty, low level of education, unemployment, lower socioeconomic status and poor livelihoods, younger maternal age, low social integration and social support, socio-cultural taboos, residing in slums, and being displaced, refugee, or migrant. At the health system level, persistent inequalities are associated with distance to health facility, availability of quality services and discriminating attitudes from health care personnel.

Conclusion
Context-specific intervention programs that aim at resolving the identified barriers to access and use MNCH services, particularly for the most vulnerable segments of urban populations, are essential to improve the overall health of the region and universal health coverage (UHC) targets.
Pollution indices and biotests as useful tools for the evaluation of the degree of soil contamination by trace elements
Authors: Wieczorek Jerzy , Baran Agnieszka 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the study was the calculation of geochemical, ecological, and ecotoxicological indices for the assessment of risk resulting from the presence of trace metals in soil.

Methods
Around 320 soil points were determined for the tests by the regular square-grid method with a square side equal to 7.5 km. A total of 11 indices were used, including 6 geochemical indices, 1 index assessing potential ecological risk, and 4 indices assessing soil ecotoxicity.

Results
Two groups of elements were distinguished. The first one included Ni, Cr, and Cu. The calculated geochemical indices generally indicated their natural content and low degree of soil contamination with them and that the elements’ sources were connected with natural processes. The second group included Cd, Pb, and Zn. These elements occur in high concentrations in the studied area, which is influenced by both natural and anthropogenic factors. However, contamination with these elements is heterogeneous in the Małopolska and generally observed in its northwestern part. PCA showed that Cd and Pb had the greatest effect on the degree of soil contamination and pose the greatest potential threat to the soil environment. Heterocypris incongruens proved to be a more sensitive indicator of soil ecotoxicity compared to plant tests. The potential ecological risk index and biotests indicated that most of the soil samples had low potential ecological risk and low ecotoxicity.

Conclusion
The key to the effective assessment of soil contamination with trace elements is the combined use of geochemical, ecological, and ecotoxicological indices, which allows comprehensive monitoring of soil quality.
Desulfurization Behavior of Incoloy® 825 Superalloy by CaO-Al2O3-MgO-TiO2 Slag
Authors: Cho Jin Hyung , Martinsson Johan , Sichen Du , Park Joo Hyun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNi-based superalloy, which has excellent high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance, is mainly used in aviation materials, high-performance internal combustion engines, and turbines for thermal and nuclear power generation. For this reason, refining the impurities in Ni-based superalloys is a very important technical task. Nevertheless, the original technology for the melting and refining of Ni-based superalloys is still insufficient. Therefore, in this study, the effect of the CaO-Al2O3-MgO-TiO2slag on the removal efficiency of an impurity element sulfur in Incoloy®825 superalloy, one of the representative Ni-based superalloys, was investigated. The desulfurization behavior according to the change of TiO2content and CaO/Al2O3(=C/A, basicity) ratio as experimental variables was observed at 1773 K (1500 °C). Although the TiO2content in the slag increases to 15 mass pct, the mass transfer coefficient of sulfur in molten alloy showed a constant value. Alternatively, under the condition of C/A > 1.0 of slag, the mass transfer coefficient of sulfur showed a constant value, whereas under the condition of C/A < 1.0, the mass transfer coefficient of sulfur greatly decreased as CaO decreased. Hence, in the desulfurization of Incoloy®825 superalloy using the CaO-Al2O3-MgO-TiO2slag, the TiO2content in the slag does not have a considerable effect on the desulfurization rate and desulfurization mechanism (metal phase mass transfer controlled regime), but the basicity of the slag has a significant effect on desulfurization mechanism. When the slag basicity decreases below the critical level,i.e.,C/A < 1.0, which is corresponding to sulfur distribution ratio,Ls< 200, it was confirmed that the desulfurization mechanism shifts from the metal phase mass transfer-controlled regime to the slag phase mass transfer-controlled regime due to the variation in the physicochemical properties of the slag such as viscosity and sulfide capacity. In addition, the different desulfurization rates between steel and Ni alloy melts were discussed by employing the diffusivity of sulfur in both systems.