bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable liquid supports for laccase immobilization and reuse: Degradation of dyes in aqueous biphasic systems
Authors: Ferreira Ana M. , Valente Ana I. , Castro Leonor S. , Coutinho João A. P. , Freire Mara G. , Tavares Ana P. M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNovel liquid supports for enzyme immobilization and reuse based on aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) constituted by cholinium‐based ionic liquids (ILs) and polymers for the degradation of dyes are here proposed. The biocatalytic reaction for dye decolorization using laccase occured in the biphasic medium, with the enzyme being “supported” in the IL‐rich phase and the dye and degradation products being enriched in the polymer‐rich phase. An initial screening of the laccase activity in aqueous solutions of ABS constituents, namely cholinium dihydrogen citrate ([Ch][DHC]), cholinium dihydrogen phosphate ([Ch][DHP]), cholinium acetate ([Ch][Acet]), polypropylene glycol 400 (PPG 400), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) and K2HPO4 was carried out. Compared to the buffered control, a relative laccase activity of up to 170%, 257%, and 530% was observed with PEG 400, [Ch][DHP], and [Ch][DHC], respectively. These ABS constituents were then investigated for the in situ enzymatic biodegradation of the Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) dye. At the optimized conditions, the ABS constituted by PPG 400 at 46 wt% and [Ch][DHC] at 16 wt% leads to the complete degradation of the RBBR dye, further maintaining the enzyme activity. This ABS also allows an easy immobilization, recovery, and reuse of the biocatalyst for six consecutive reaction cycles, achieving a degradation yield of the dye of 96% in the last cycle. In summary, if properly designed, high enzymatic activities and reaction yields are obtained with ABS as liquid supports, while simultaneously overcoming the safety and environmental concerns of conventional organic solvents used in liquid–liquid heterogeneous reactions, thus representing more sustainable biocatalytic processes.
The role of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells in gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Cui Cheng , Lan Penglin , Fu Li 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGastrointestinal (GI) cancer encompasses a range of malignancies that originate in the digestive system, which together represent the most common form of cancer diagnosed worldwide. However, despite numerous advances in both diagnostics and treatment, the incidence and mortality rate of GI cancer are on the rise. Myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that increase in number under certain pathological conditions, such as infection and inflammation, and this expansion is of particular relevance to cancer. MDSCs are heavily involved in the regulation of the immune system and act to dampen its response to tumors, favoring the escape of tumor cells from immunosurveillance and increasing both metastasis and recurrence. Several recent studies have supported the use of MDSCs as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in patients with cancer, and potentially as a novel treatment target. In the present review, the mechanisms underlying the immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs are described, and recent researches concerning the involvement of MDSCs in the progression, prognosis, and therapies of GI cancer are reviewed. The aim of this work was to present the development of novel treatments targeting MDSCs in GI cancer in the hope of improving outcomes for patients with this condition.
Impact of meningioma surgery on use of antiepileptic, antidepressant, and sedative drugs: A Swedish nationwide matched cohort study
Authors: Thurin Erik , Rydén Isabelle , Skoglund Thomas , Smits Anja , Gulati Sasha , Hesselager Göran , Bartek Jiri , Henriksson Roger , Salvesen Øyvind , Jakola Asgeir S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundMeningioma is the most common primary intracranial tumor and surgery is the main treatment modality. As death from lack of tumor control is rare, other outcome measures like anxiety, depression and post‐operative epilepsy are becoming increasingly relevant. In this nationwide registry‐based study we aimed to describe the use of antiepileptic drugs (AED), antidepressants and sedatives before and after surgical treatment of an intracranial meningioma compared to a control population, and to provide predictors for continued use of each drug‐group two years after surgery.MethodsAll adult patients with histopathologically verified intracranial meningiomas were identified in the Swedish Brain Tumor Registry and their data were linked to relevant national registries after assigning five matched controls to each patient. We analyzed the prescription patterns of antiepileptic drugs (AED), antidepressants and sedative drugs in the two years before and the two years following surgery.ResultsFor the 2070 patients and 10312 controls identified the use of AED, antidepressants and sedatives was comparable two years before surgery. AED use at time of surgery was higher for patients than for controls (22.2% vs. 1.9%, p < 0.01), as was antidepressant use (12.9% vs. 9.4%, p < 0.01). Both AED and antidepressant use remained elevated after surgery, with patients having a higher AED use (19.7% vs. 2.3%, p < 0.01) and antidepressant use (14.8% vs. 10.6%, p < 0.01) at 2 years post‐surgery. Use of sedatives peaked for patients at the time of surgery (14.4% vs. 6.1%, p < 0.01) and remained elevated at two years after surgery with 9.9% versus 6.6% (p < 0.01). For all the studied drugs, previous drug use was the strongest predictor for use 2 years after surgery.ConclusionThis nationwide study shows that increased use of AED, antidepressants and sedatives in patients with meningioma started perioperatively, and remained elevated two years following surgery.
Enucleation of recurrent central odontogenic fibroma and bone regeneration of the osseous defect with enamel matrix derivative and bone allograft: Case report with 5‐year follow‐up
Authors: Do Jonathan H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionOdontogenic fibroma is a rare benign neoplasm of mature fibrous connective tissue with variable amounts of inactive‐looking odontogenic epithelium. Few recurrences of central odontogenic fibroma (COF) have been reported in the literature. This manuscript reports the enucleation of a recurrent COF and bone regeneration of the osseous defect with enamel matrix derivative and bone allograft.Case PresentationA 28‐year‐old Asian female presented in 2015 with a palatal depression between #10 and 11. The patient previously had an odontogenic fibroma between #10 and 11 removed in 2008. Cone beam computed tomographic evaluation revealed a well‐defined, multiloculated radiolucency centered between #10 and 11 that extended from #9‐12, and from the alveolar crest to the anterior border and floor of the maxillary sinus. The lesion resulted in splaying of the roots of #10 and 11, external root resorption on #10, loss of crestal and palatal bone cortices, and thinning of labial cortex between #10 and 11. The patient was referred to an oral surgeon for biopsy, and the lesion was diagnosed as odontogenic fibroma. The lesion was enucleated. Enamel matrix derivative was applied to the affected teeth and defect, which was subsequently grafted with bone allograft. At the 5‐year follow‐up, bone was regenerated to the midroot of #10 and coronal third of #11, with reestablishment of crestal and palatal bone cortices.Conclusion(s)Enucleation of COF and regeneration of the osseous defect with enamel matrix derivative and bone allograft appear to be a viable treatment approach that allows for preservation of contiguous teeth.Why is this case new information?

This appears to be the first publication to report on bone regeneration following enucleation of a recurrent odontogenic fibroma.
What are the keys to successful management of this case?

Graft material provided space maintenance and a scaffold for bone regeneration.
What are the primary limitations to success in this case?

Loss of the labial bone resulted in a through‐and‐through defect between 10 and 11 that limited the amount of vertical bone regeneration.
Active surveillance of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Results from a prospective observational study (MaRCC)
Authors: Harrison Michael R. , Costello Brian A. , Bhavsar Nrupen A. , Vaishampayan Ulka , Pal Sumanta K. , Zakharia Yousef , Jim Heather S. L. , Fishman Mayer N. , Molina Ana M. , Kyriakopoulos Christos E. , Tsao Che‐Kai , Appleman Leonard J. , Gartrell Benjamin A. , Hussain Arif , Stadler Walter M. , Agarwal Neeraj , Pachynski Russell K. , Hutson Thomas E. , Hammers Hans J. , Ryan Christopher W. , Inman Brant A. , Mardekian Jack , Borham Azah , George Daniel J. 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundSystemic therapy (ST) can be deferred in patients who have metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and slow‐growing metastases. Currently, this subset of patients managed with active surveillance (AS) is not well described in the literature.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study of patients with mRCC across 46 US community and academic centers. The objective was to describe baseline characteristics and demographics of patients with mRCC initially managed by AS, reasons for AS, and patient outcomes. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize demographics, baseline characteristics, and patient‐related outcomes. Wilcoxon 2‐sample rank‐sum tests and χ2 tests were used to assess differences between ST and AS cohorts in continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves were used to assess survival.ResultsOf 504 patients, mRCC was initially managed by AS (n = 143) or ST (n = 305); 56 patients were excluded from the analysis. Disease was present in 69% of patients who received AS, whereas the remaining 31% had no evidence of disease. At data cutoff, 72 of 143 patients (50%) in the AS cohort had not received ST. The median overall survival was not reached (95% CI, 122 months to not estimable) in patients who received AS versus 30 months (95% CI, 25‐44 months) in those who received ST. Quality of life at baseline was significantly better in patients who were managed with AS versus ST.ConclusionsAS occurs frequently (32%) in real‐world clinical practice and appears to be a safe and appropriate alternative to immediate ST in selected patients.
Aptima HPV messenger RNA testing and histopathologic follow‐up in women with HSIL cytology: A study emphasizing additional review of HPV‐negative cases
Authors: Li Aofei , Li Juan , Austin R. Marshall , Wang Tiannan , Ashman Dayne , Zhang Huina , Matsko Jonee , Zhao Chengquan 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundHigh‐risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) messenger RNA (mRNA) testing, the Food and Drug Administration–approved testing platform since 2013, has been increasing as a cervical screening alternative to hrHPV DNA testing methods. This study reports the largest routine clinical follow‐up study reported to date of hrHPV mRNA cotesting and histopathologic follow‐up results for women with high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) cytology results.MethodsHSIL Papanicolaou test results for women cotested with Aptima hrHPV mRNA testing between June 2015 and November 2020 were analyzed along with recorded histopathologic follow‐up results within 6 months of screening.ResultsAptima hrHPV mRNA–positive results were reported for 95.2% of the cotested HSIL cytology cases (905 of 951). Histopathologic cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) was diagnosed on follow‐up in 538 of 701 hrHPV mRNA–positive cases (76.8%) and in 15 of 36 hrHPV mRNA–negative cases (41.7%). Additional reviews of the hrHPV mRNA–negative HSIL cases showed variable interpretations, and confirmatory blinded‐review interpretations of HSIL or atypical squamous cells, cannot exclude high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion were more likely in cases with histopathologic CIN2+ (77.5% [93 of 120]) than those with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 or negative findings (63.1% [101 of 160]; P < .01).ConclusionsThis large routine‐clinical‐practice study confirms the previously reported high sensitivity of hrHPV mRNA testing for the detection of high‐grade cervical dysplasia and cervical cancers. The blinded‐review findings indicate that additional cytology review may be helpful for confirming an interpretation of HSIL in daily practice, especially for hrHPV‐negative HSIL cases.
The Five‐colour theory: A new approach to colour
Authors: Diethelm Barbara 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAs an artist and as a paint manufacturer, my concern is for all aspects of colour, particularly its harmonies. In 1995, I developed a colour system based on a set of five primary colours: my intention was to obtain the greatest number of pure hues with the least number of primary colours, and that, mixed in equal parts, these would yield a neutral black. This five‐colour theory was patented by the European Patent Office in 2001. A range of water‐based artists' colours, known as the Sirius Primary System, has been available for the past 25 years. An unlimited range of colours can be mixed using this concept, resulting in pure, harmonious, and vibrant colours, which can be applied in all areas where an expressive, creative use of colour is defined as the primary task: colour theory, colour education, art and design, colour concepts, and architecture. The fact that a full spectrum can be mixed from only five colours results in a very pleasurable introduction to painting as well as a great economic advantage.
The effect of decision time‐length condition on consumer product‐colour purchase decision
Authors: Yu Luwen , Westland Stephen , Li Zhenhong , Xia Guobin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article describes a developed conceptual framework for understanding consumer product‐colour purchase decision in different time‐length conditions. The research and method were developed on the basis of research from authors' previous study. An influence element, decision conditions (especially, decision‐time‐length), has been introduced. The purpose of this study is to test whether the length of decision time‐length affects the stability of consumers' product‐colour decisions; also, to identify the relationship between the length of decision time and how extent of colour factors working on consumers' product‐colour decisions. This work used three research activities (two‐set online surveys and one‐set laboratory experiment) and two research methods (multiple choice for six‐alternative‐forced‐choice and multiple choice for rank order) with visual component to investigate which colour a participant would choose if asked to select a product to purchase when there is a range of colours available in different time‐length conditions, 64 participants were recruited to take part. The study finds that consumers might make different product‐colour decisions when they are in different shopping‐time conditions. The framework suggested that consumers' individual colour preferences may be more likely to influence consumers' product‐colour purchase intentions in short‐time decision‐making conditions; and primary colour factors might influence consumer product‐colour purchase intentions more in the long‐time decision‐making condition.
Polymorphic Control of α and βdl‐Methionine through Swift Cooling Crystallization Process
Authors: Suresh Manivel , Srinivasan Karuppannan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPolymorphic control and crystal nucleation of α and β polymorphs of dl‐methionine, an essential amino‐acid, is attained from saturated aqueous solution through swift cooling crystallization process by generating wide range of supersaturation (0.02 < σ < 2.19) in the temperature range of 323–274 K. The type of nucleation is very much supersaturation dependent: while lower supersaturation range (0.02 < σ < 0.08) prefers the stable β form, higher supersaturation range (1.20 < σ < 2.19) yields metastable α form. In situ optical microscopy and X‐ray diffraction analyses confirm the morphological and structural distinction of the grown polymorphs.
Maturation stage enamel defects in Odontogenesis‐associated phosphoprotein (Odaph) deficient mice
Authors: Ji Yikang , Li Cong , Tian Yuan , Gao Yan , Dong Zhiheng , Xiang Lili , Xu Zhenzhen , Gao Yuguang , Zhang Li 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundMutation in Odontogenesis‐associated phosphoprotein (ODAPH) has been reported to cause recessive hypomineralized amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) in human. However, the exact role of ODAPH in amelogenesis is still unknown.ResultsODAPH was identified as a novel constituent of the atypical basal lamina located at the interface between maturation ameloblasts and the enamel by dual immunofluorescence staining of ODAPH and LAMC2. Odaph knockout mice were generated to explore the function of ODAPH in amelogenesis. Odaph−/− mice teeth showed severely attrition and reduced enamel mineralization. Histological analysis showed from transition or early‐maturation stage, ameloblasts were rapidly shortened, lost cell polarity, and exhibited cell pathology. Abundant enamel matrix marked by amelogenin was retained. Temporary cyst‐like structures were formed between flattened epithelial cells and the enamel from maturation stage to eruption. The integrity of the atypical basal lamina was impaired indicated by the reduced diffuse expression of LAMC2 and AMTN. The expression of maturation stage related genes of Amtn, Klk4, Integrinβ6 and Slc24a4 were significantly decreased.ConclusionsOur results suggested Odaph played vital roles during amelogenesis by maintaining the integrity of the atypical basal lamina in maturation stage, which may contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of human AI.
A modified niche model for generating food webs with stage‐structured consumers: The stabilizing effects of life‐history stages on complex food webs
Authors: Nonaka Etsuko , Kuparinen Anna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Almost all organisms grow in size during their lifetime and switch diets, trophic positions, and interacting partners as they grow. Such ontogenetic development introduces life‐history stages and flows of biomass between the stages through growth and reproduction. However, current research on complex food webs rarely considers life‐history stages. The few previously proposed methods do not take full advantage of the existing food web structural models that can produce realistic food web topologies.

We extended the niche model developed by Williams and Martinez (Nature, 2000, 404, 180–183) to generate food webs that included trophic species with a life‐history stage structure. Our method aggregated trophic species based on niche overlap to form a life‐history structured population; therefore, it largely preserved the topological structure of food webs generated by the niche model. We applied the theory of allometric predator–prey body mass ratio and parameterized an allometric bioenergetic model augmented with biomass flow between stages via growth and reproduction to study the effects of a stage structure on the stability of food webs.

When life‐history stages were linked via growth and reproduction, more food webs persisted, and persisting food webs tended to retain more trophic species. Topological differences between persisting linked and unlinked food webs were small to modest. The slopes of biomass spectra were lower, and weak interaction links were more prevalent in the linked food webs than the unlinked ones, suggesting that a life‐history stage structure promotes characteristics that can enhance stability of complex food webs.

Our results suggest a positive relationship between the complexity and stability of complex food webs. A life‐history stage structure in food webs may play important roles in dynamics of and diversity in food webs.
Altered follicular regulatory T (Tfr)‐ and helper T (Tfh)‐cell subsets are associated with autoantibody levels in microscopic polyangiitis patients
Authors: Long Yan , Feng Jinghong , Ma Yinting , Sun Yuanyuan , Xu Lijuan , Song Ying , Liu Chen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAntineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)‐associated vasculitis (AAV) is an autoimmune disease characterized by B cells‐derived ANCAs, and ANCA was proved to be a key factor in its pathogenesis. Follicular regulatory T (Tfr) and follicular helper T (Tfh) cells were T‐cell subsets that play important roles in B‐cell maturation and antibody production. However, their significances in microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) patients, one type of AAV, has not been thoroughly studied. In this study, comprehensive pattern analyses of circulating Tfr and Tfh were performed in MPA patients and healthy controls (HCs), and we found Tfr levels and Tfr/Tfh ratios were significantly decreased in MPA patients. Compared with HCs, Helios+, CD45RA‐FoxP3hi, and Ki‐67+ Tfr were lower in MPA patients, while CD226+ Tfr cells were higher. These phenotypes suggest that function and proliferation ability of Tfr cells were relatively impaired. Tfh subsets, including ICOS+PD‐1+ and Ki‐67+ Tfh, were significantly increased, suggesting that the function of Tfh was enhanced in MPA although the total Tfh levels did not change significantly. Circulating memory B cells and plasmablasts were significantly elevated and negatively correlated with Tfr levels and Tfr/Tfh ratios in MPA patients. In addition, Tfr levels and Tfr/Tfh ratios were negatively while Tfh was positively correlated with serum myeloperoxidase (MPO)‐ANCA levels. Furthermore, Tfr and Tfr/Tfh ratio were also reversely associated with SCr, BUN, IL‐4, and IL‐21 levels. Our results suggest that the imbalance of Tfr and Tfh functional subsets is related to increased level of autoantibodies in MPA patients, and we propose a new mechanism for the pathogenesis of MPA.
High Metal Chelating Properties from Rapeseed Meal Proteins to Counteract Lipid Oxidation in Foods: Controlled Proteolysis and Characterization
Authors: Durand Erwann , Beaubier Sophie , Fine Frederic , Villeneuve Pierre , Kapel Romain 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRapeseed meal proteins (RP) are enzymatically hydrolyzed using three individual proteases (Alcalase, Flavourzyme, and Prolyve) and the enzymatic mechanism is studied. Rapeseed hydrolysates are produced under controlled conditions and the Prolyve hydrolysate is separated by membrane filtration. Their capacity to reduce free radicals (by transfer of hydrogen or electron) or transition metals (by electron transfer) in the absence of an oxidizable substrate, their metal chelating capacity as well as the antioxidant performances in model (conjugated autoxidizable triene assay) are investigated. All hydrolysates show a reduction capacity (by transfer of hydrogen or electron) and antioxidant activities, in a dose‐dependent manner, which are however not significantly increased in comparison to the native proteins. A noteworthy metal chelating activity of the peptides produced with Prolyve is highlighted. These results indicate the potential of valorization of RP as a source of high metal chelating peptides to counteract lipid oxidation in foods. Practical applications: Over the last decade, the antioxidative potential of peptides from plant biomass has been evidenced by much research. Considering the myriad of possible sources and the diversity of technology and means to obtain peptides from protein materials, it is reasonable to expect more applications. Concomitantly, preventing lipid oxidation, especially with the polyunsaturated fat‐based products, is a major concern in sectors such as agri‐food and cosmetic. Although the efficacy of synthetic antioxidants is recognized, both consumers and manufacturers are looking for more innovative, healthy, environmental‐friendly processes and quality products. In this context, a controlled proteolysis of proteins from plant by‐products can be used as a sustainable strategy to produce antioxidant peptides. Among them, new peptides released from rapeseed proteins with Prolyve can provide interesting metal chelators to counteract lipid oxidation in foods.