bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Vaccine-Induced Covid-19 Mimicry” Syndrome:Splice reactions within the SARS-CoV-2 Spike open reading frame result in Spike protein variants that may cause thromboembolic events in patients immunized with vector-based vaccines
Authors: Kowarz Eric , Krutzke Lea , Reis Jenny , Bracharz Silvia , Kochanek Stefan , Marschalek Rolf 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
During the last months many countries have started the immunization of millions of people by using vector-based vaccines. Unfortunately, severe side effects became overt during these vaccination campaigns: cerebral venous sinus thromboses (CVST), absolutely rare under normal life conditions, were found as a severe side effect that occured 4-14 days after first vaccinations. Besides CVST, Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis (SVT) was also observed. This type of adverse event has not been observed in the clinical studies of AstraZeneca, and therefore led immediately to a halt in vaccinations in several european countries. These events were mostly associated with thrombocytopenia, and thus, similar to the well-known Heparin-induced thrombo­cytopenia (HIT). Meanwhile, scientists have proposed a mechanism to explain this vaccine-induced thrombocytopenia. However, they do not provide a satisfactory explanation for the late thromboembolic events. Here, we present data that may explain these severe side effects which have been attributed to adenoviral vaccines. According to our results, transcription of wildtype and codon-optimized Spike open reading frames enables alternative splice events that lead to C-terminal truncated, soluble Spike protein variants. These soluble Spike variants may initiate severe side effects when binding to ACE2-expressing endothelial cells in blood vessels. In analogy to the thromboembolic events caused by Spike protein encoded by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, we termed the underlying disease mechanism the “Vaccine-Induced Covid-19 Mimicry” syndrome (VIC19M syndrome).
Synergistic effects of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and core-shell particles on the toughness and physico-mechanical properties of epoxy resin: a systematic study
Authors: Gharieh Ali , Dorraji Mir Saeed Seyed 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Here, core-shell impact modifier particles (CSIMPs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNs) were used as reinforcing agents for improving toughness and tensile properties of epoxy resin. For this purpose, emulsion polymerization technique was exploited to fabricate poly(butyl acrylate-allyl methacrylate) core- poly(methyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate) shell impact modifier particles with average particle size of 407 nm. It was revealed that using a combination of the prepared CSIMPs and MWCNTs could significantly enhance toughness and tensile properties of epoxy resin. Also, it was observed that the dominant factors in enhancing the fracture toughness of the ternary composites are crack deflection/arresting as well as enlarged plastic deformation around the growing crack tip induced by the combination of rigid and soft particles. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with central composite design (CCD) was utilized to study the effects of the amounts of core-shell particles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes on the toughness and tensile properties of epoxy resin. The proposed quadratic models were in accordance with the experimental results with correlation coefficient more than 98%. The optimum condition for maximum toughness, elastic modulus, and tensile strength were 3 % wt. MWCNT and 1.03 % wt. CSIMPs. The sample fabricated in optimal condition indicated toughness, elastic modulus, and tensile strength equal to 2.2 MPa. m1/2, 3014.5 MPa and 40.6 MPa, respectively.
A new regionalization of rainfall patterns based on wavelet transform information and hierarchical cluster analysis in northeastern Algeria
Authors: Zerouali Bilel , Chettih Mohamed , Abda Zaki , Mesbah Mohamed , santos Celso Augusto Guimarães , Neto Reginaldo Moura Brasil 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Due to its geographical location, Algeria is characterized by high spatiotemporal rainfall variability. In this study, data from 69 rain gauges located in representative humid, semiarid and arid Mediterranean basins in northeastern Algeria were analyzed from 1970–2007 on a monthly scale using continuous wavelet analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis with the aim of regionalizing the rainfall patterns. The analysis shows that northern Algeria (cluster #1), which has a humid climate, is dominated by periodic annual fluctuations in the 8–16-month band. This mode explains most of the total variance, with a contribution between 25 and 60%. In the cluster #2 and cluster #3 regions, the climate varies towards aridity (humid to arid from north to south), and the climate is dominated by long-term periodic phenomena characterizing multiannual fluctuations of 64–128 months to decadal periods greater than 128 months, which explains why the total cumulative contribution exceeds 50% of the total variance. In addition, the regional analysis of the isolated spectral bands of the 3–6-month (3 clusters), 8–16-month (3 clusters), and 1–3-year (4 clusters) scale-average variance revealed, globally and for the different regions, a long period of drought that was most pronounced during the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, whereas the wet years were marked by fluctuations that exceeded the 95% confidence level during the study period, with a very remarkable tendency towards wet conditions, particularly since the late 1990s. The obtained results can assist decision-makers in better sustainable development practices, especially in the fields of water resources, agriculture, and energy.
Remote home-based resistance exercise acutely improves mood profile in older individuals under social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zanini Gabriel de Souza , Correa Matheus Monge Soares , Fernandes Bianca , Amaral Vanessa Teixeira do , Ciolac Emmanuel Gomes 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose

To assess the effect of a remote home-based resistance exercise session on mood profile in older individuals under social isolation during coronavirus 19 disease (COVID-19) pandemic.
Methods

32 older individuals (20 women; age = 67.7 ± 6.4 y) who interrupted their regular physical activity routine during the COVID-19 pandemic participated in a remote home-based exercise session via video call. The Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) questionnaire was applied one day before and immediately after a body weight exercise session (three sets of 15 to 30 reps in six exercises) to evaluate participants’ mood state.
Results

Significant post-exercise reductions (P < 0.05) were found in tension (41.2 ± 8.1), depression (61.7 ± 41.8 %), anger (81.2 ± 66.2 %) and mental confusion (42,9 ± 33.1 %), while a significant post-exercise increase (P = 0.023) was found in vigor (18.5 ± 5.1 %). No significant difference between pre- and post-exercise was found in fatigue. The pos-exercise changes on mood state factors resulted in significant reduction (P = 0.032) on total mood disorder score (20.2 ± 11.1 %) after exercise.
Conclusion

A remote home-based resistance exercise session was effective to improve mood profile in older individuals under social isolation during COVID-19 pandemic.
Temporal coherence of mechanical stimulation modulates tactile form perception
Authors: Nakatani Masashi , Kobayashi Yasuaki , Ohno Kota , Uesaka Masaaki , Mogami Sayako , Zhao Zixia , Sushida Takamichi , Kitahata Hiroyuki , Nagayama Masaharu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The human hand can detect both form and texture information of a contact surface. The detection of skin displacement (sustained stimulus) and changes in skin displacement (transient stimulus) are thought to be mediated in different tactile channels; however, tactile form perception may use both types of information. Here, we studied whether both the temporal frequency and the temporal coherency information of tactile stimuli encoded in sensory neurons could be used to recognize the form of contact surfaces. We used the fishbone tactile illusion (FTI), a known tactile phenomenon, as a probe for tactile form perception in humans. This illusion typically occurs with a surface geometry that has a smooth bar and coarse textures in its adjacent areas. When stroking the central bar back and forth with a fingertip, a human observer perceives a hollow surface geometry even though the bar is physically flat. We used a passive high-density pin matrix to extract only the vertical information of the contact surface, suppressing tangential displacement from surface rubbing. Participants in the psychological experiment reported indented surface geometry by tracing over the FTI textures with pin matrices of the different spatial densities (1.0 and 2.0 mm pin intervals). Human participants reported that the relative magnitude of perceived surface indentation steeply decreased when pins in the adjacent areas vibrated in synchrony. To address possible mechanisms for tactile form perception in the FTI, we developed a computational model of sensory neurons to estimate temporal patterns of action potentials from tactile receptive fields. Our computational data suggest that i) the temporal asynchrony of sensory neuron responses is correlated with the relative magnitude of perceived surface indentation and ii) the spatiotemporal change of displacements in tactile stimuli are correlated with the asynchrony of simulated sensory neuron responses for the fishbone surface patterns. Based on these results, we propose that both the frequency and the asynchrony of temporal activity in sensory neurons could produce tactile form perception.
La responsabilité de l’Etat pour acte illicite, en situation de pandémie
Authors: Largey Thierry 
Published: May 2021

La pandémie due au nouveau coronavirus a frappé la population avec une ampleur exceptionnelle. Afin de combattre la propagation de l’agent pathogène et de préserver les capacités du système de soins en Suisse, les autorités fédérales et cantonales ont adopté une politique sanitaire d’urgence, dans un contexte marqué par d’importantes incertitudes scientifiques. La gestion d’une telle crise donne lieu à des choix de mesures de prévention et de lutte, en fonction des connaissances disponibles. D’éventuels préjudices associés à ces mesures ou à leur insuffisance ouvrent la réflexion sur l’existence d’une responsabilité de l’Etat pour ses actes illicites. Celle-ci se place tant sur le terrain des mesures ordonnées que de l’omission illicite d’en prononcer ; dans ce second cas, l’autorité n’est pas supposée faire tout ce qui possible, mais uniquement ce qui est approprié et raisonnable.
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Die Coronavirus-Pandemie hat die Bevölkerung aussergewöhnlich stark getroffen. Um die Ausbreitung des Erregers zu bekämpfen und die Leistungsfähigkeit des schweizerischen Gesundheitswesens zu erhalten, haben die Behörden des Bundes und der Kantone in einem von erheblicher wissenschaftlicher Unsicherheit geprägten Umfeld eine Notfall-Gesundheitspolitik beschlossen. Die Bewältigung einer solchen Krise führt zu verschiedenen Präventiv- und Kontrollmassnahmen, die jeweils basierend auf dem aktuellen Wissensstand getroffen werden. Mögliche Nachteile, die mit diesen Massnahmen oder deren Unzulänglichkeit verbunden sind, führen den Autor zur Frage der Verantwortung des Staates für seine unerlaubten Handlungen. Dies gilt sowohl für die angeordneten Massnahmen als auch für deren rechtswidrige Unterlassung; im letzteren Fall sollen die Behörden nicht alles Machbare unternehmen, sondern nur das, was geeignet und zumutbar ist.
Przyczyna dalsza wykluczenia nierozerwalności małżeństwa w świetle współczesnego orzecznictwa Roty Rzymskiej (2000-2012)
Authors: Góralski Wojciech 
Published: May 2021

Indissolubility is an essential attribute of marriage derived from God's law, and the exclusion of indissolubility renders the marriage null and void (can. 1101 § 2 CIC). In proving exclusio boni sacramenti, an extremely important role is played by the indication of the cause (motive) of the simulation act, including the further cause (causa remota). Although this reason is not directly related to a particular marriage, it – to some extent – influences the will of the spouse rejecting the attribute of indissolubility.
When it comes to the reasons for the further exclusion of the indissolubility of marriage, three basic ones can be discerned in the most recent rotal jurisprudence: a mentality favoring the institution of divorce, the lack of sufficient religious formation and the special personality of contractors.
The postulate of priests, during the canonical pre-wedding examination, to pay close attention to the convictions and views of the spouses regarding the indissolubility of marriage seems fully justified.
Misja kanoniczna dla doradców życia rodzinnego
Authors: Wybult Witold 
Published: May 2021

Code of Canon Law promulgated by John Paul II gave the secular in church the possibility to take part in the service of managing, teaching and sanctifying. Canon 228 seems to be the most significant and fundamental code rule to apply the canonical mission. The first point informs: „Persons who are found suitable are qualified to be admitted by the sacred pastors to those ecclesiastical offices and functions which they are able to exercise according to the precepts of the law”. The following paragraph states: „Persons who excel in necessary knowledge, prudence, and integrity are qualified to assist the pastors of the Church as experts and advisors, even in councils according to the norm of law”.
Code of Canon Law of 1983, which in a very synthetic way formalises the preparation for marriage, draws the attention to some significant pastoral elements and, which is important, leaves the initiative in all not specified matters to specific conferences of Bishops and ordinaries of place.
Polish Episcopal Conference meeting the expectations of the teaching of the Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican and code norms published „Family Pastoral Directory”, which became the legal foundation for the requirement of demanding the sanction of competent power for family life counsellors to serve in Church, which formally means having missio canonica.
Polish dioceses respectively are developing the norms relative to the requirements set for family life counsellors during diocese synods or outside of them.
New Horizons in the Treatment of Neurological Disorders with Tailorable Gold
Nanoparticles
Authors: Farheen  , Khan Md. Asad , Ashraf Ghulam Md. , Bilgrami Anwar L. , Rizvi M. Moshahid A. 
Published: May 2021

:
Neurological disorders, such as epilepsy, dementia, Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease,
occur due to disorganization of the neurons in the nervous system. Disturbances in the nervous system cause
problems with the memory, senses and moods. In order to treat such disorders, scientists have been working
extensively, utilizing different approaches. Nanoneurotechnology has emerged as a promising tool to manage
these complicated disorders, where nanoparticles with their tunable properties such as size, shape, increased
solubility, biodegradability, surface area and sharp penetration through the biological barriers, target the central
nervous system. This technology targets damaged neurons without affecting healthy neurons and the
Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB). In this review, we discuss neurological disorders and challenges in their diagnosis
and treatment by emphasizing on the role of tailorable gold nanoparticles in therapeutic drug approaches.
Cellulosic Nanowhiskers: Preparation and Drug Delivery Application
Authors: Singh Harmeet , Kumar Vineet 
Published: May 2021

:
Nanomaterials have applications in almost every field and among them, green nanomaterials
have various biological applications. Green nanomaterials are specifically useful for drug and
DNA delivery applications. Considering that cellulose is the most abundant and easily available
biomolecule, it has been used for preparing greener cellulose nanomaterials. Cellulosic nanowhiskers
are a cost-effective and green alternative to chemical non-viral gene delivery systems. Cellulose
nanowhiskers are commonly extracted from plant sources, and they are generally prepared by sulfuric
and hydrochloric acid hydrolysis of plant cellulose. In this review, the topic of cellulose
nanowhiskers as green biocompatible materials for gene and drug delivery is discussed with several
practical examples.
Structure-based Virtual Screening of Natural Compounds as Potential Anti-Allergy Agents Against Cytokine Alarmins (TSLP and IL-33)
Authors: Adamu Rahma Muhammad , Majumdhar Rita Singh , Uba Abdullahi Ibrahim 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Allergic diseases are turning into an expanding occurrence around the globe,
imposing a socioeconomic burden, causing grimness and even death. Allergen encounter initiates the
influx of TH2 cells, triggering the production of TH2 associated cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13), which
in turn promotes the detrimental allergic inflammation associated with asthma, allergic rhinitis, food
allergy, urticaria, atopic eczema, and anaphylaxis. Cytokine alarmins (TSLP and IL-33) produced by
epithelial cells play important roles in the promotion of TH2 cell development and the initiation of allergic
pathogenesis.

Objectives:
To target cytokine alarmins (TSLP and IL-33) as novel therapeutic proteins, using natural
compounds as a potential cure at an early stage of allergic diseases.

Methods:
Structure-based virtual screening of two large natural compounds databases (Universal Natural
product Database (UNPD) and ZINC natural product database) was conducted for the identification
of TSLP and IL-33 inhibitors using Autodock Vina followed by rescoring of the hit compounds. using
Autodock 4.2 software. In silico physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and toxicity analyses were conducted
to assess the drug-like properties of the hit compounds. The binding mode stability of
UNPD116849, ZINC01448143, and ZINC04096134 in the binding pocket of TSLP and IL-33 was
probed by all-atom 50 ns molecular dynamics simulation.

Results:
Five natural compounds (UNPD111, UNPD116849, ZINC01448143, ZINC15957528, and
ZINC04096134) containing different structural moieties (steroidal, chromone, benzodioxole, and indole)
were identified to inhibit TSLP and IL-33, with limonin (ZINC04096134) found to demonstrate
dual inhibitory activity potential. These compounds were found to be drug-like and toxicity-free using
in silico Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination, and Toxicity (ADME-T) prediction methods.
Taken together, this study suggests the dual inhibition potential of limonin (ZINC04096134)
against the cytokine alarmins.

Conclusion:
Five natural compounds with diverse structural moieties (steroidal, chromone, benzodioxole,
and indole) were virtually identified as hit compounds against cytokine alarmins (TSLP and IL-33),
with limonin showing dual inhibitory potential.
Impact of Physicochemical Parameters on Effective Extraction of Bioactive
Compounds from Natural Sources: An Overview
Authors: Selvaraj Kunjiappan , Theivendren Panneerselvam , Pavadai Parasuraman , Sureshbabu Ram kumar Pandian , Ravishankar Vigneshwaran , Palanisamy Ponnusamy , Gopal Murugananthan , Dharmalingam Senthil Rajan , Sankaranarayanan Murugesan 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Bioactive compounds obtained from natural sources like plants, algae,
mushrooms and marine have become of utmost importance in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic
industries. Many bioactive chemicals have been found to have health-promoting characteristics,
including antioxidant, antidiabetic, antibacterial, and anticancer activities. Extraction of these bioactive
chemicals from natural sources is difficult since they are present in extremely low concentrations
inside the cell.

Methods:
The complete cropping of bioactive compounds from natural sources depends on several
physicochemical parameters such as solvent, solvent concentration, temperature, pressure, time,
etc., and they play a crucial role in determining the efficiency of extraction. Furthermore, these factors
are not inherently connected to one another, but when they are combined, they change not just
the extraction efficiency but also the process cost. As a result, the physicochemical parameters
must be properly adjusted in order to increase the extraction efficiency as well as the biological
characteristics of isolated molecules.

Results:
The article provides a thorough examination of several extraction strategies, as well as the
mechanism and concepts that underpin them. Also, the review highlights the impact of various
physicochemical parameters on the effective extraction of bioactive compounds from natural
sources to meet the standards of industrial requirements.

Conclusion:
Many of the tests have been conducted at the laboratory level; as a result, recommendations
for scaling up the extraction process have been provided in order to assess the performance
of small-scale to large-scale industrial operations.
A Review on Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Symptoms, Therapies
and Recent Case Studies
Authors: Thakur Amandeep , Choudhary Diksha , Kumar Bhupinder , Chaudhary Amit 
Published: May 2021

:
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), previously known as battle fatigue syndrome or
shell shock, is a severe mental disturbance condition that is normally triggered by the experience of
some frightening/scary events or trauma where a person undergoes some serious physical or mental
harm or threatened. PTSD is a long-life effect of the continuous occurrence of traumatic conditions,
leading to the production of feelings of helplessness, intense fear, and horror in the person.
There are various examples of events that can cause PTSD, such as physical, mental, or sexual assault
at home or working place by others, unexpected death of a loved one, an accidental event,
war, or some kind of natural disaster. Treatment of PTSD includes the removal or reduction of these
emotional feelings or symptoms with the aim to improve the daily life functioning of a person.
Problems which are needed to be considered in case of PTSD like ongoing trauma, abusive or bad
relationships. Various drugs which are used for the treatment of PTSD include selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (citalopram, fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, etc.); tricyclic antidepressants
(amitriptyline and isocarboxazid); mood stabilizers (Divalproex and lamotrigine); atypical antipsychotics
(aripiprazole and quetiapine), etc. In this review, we have covered the different risk factors,
case studies related to various treatment options with different age group of peoples with PTSD
and their effects on them. We have also covered the symptoms and associated disorders which can
play a key role in the development of PTSD.