bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Derivation and internal validation of a data-driven prediction model to guide frontline health workers in triaging children under-five in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Mawji Alishah , Akech Samuel , Mwaniki Paul , Dunsmuir Dustin , Bone Jeffrey , Wiens Matthew O. , Görges Matthias , Kimutai David , Kissoon Niranjan , English Mike , Ansermino Mark J. 
Published: April 2021

Background: Many hospitalized children in developing countries die from infectious diseases. Early recognition of those who are critically ill coupled with timely treatment can prevent many deaths. A data-driven, electronic triage system to assist frontline health workers in categorizing illness severity is lacking. This study aimed to develop a data-driven parsimonious triage algorithm for children under five years of age. Methods: This was a prospective observational study of children under-five years of age presenting to the outpatient department of Mbagathi Hospital in Nairobi, Kenya between January and June 2018. A study nurse examined participants and recorded history and clinical signs and symptoms using a mobile device with an attached low-cost pulse oximeter sensor. The need for hospital admission was determined independently by the facility clinician and used as the primary outcome in a logistic predictive model. We focused on the selection of variables that could be quickly and easily assessed by low skilled health workers. Results: The admission rate (for more than 24 hours) was 12% (N=138/1,132). We identified an eight-predictor logistic regression model including continuous variables of weight, mid-upper arm circumference, temperature, pulse rate, and transformed oxygen saturation, combined with dichotomous signs of difficulty breathing, lethargy, and inability to drink or breastfeed. This model predicts overnight hospital admission with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.88 (95% CI 0.82 to 0.94). Low- and high-risk thresholds of 5% and 25%, respectively were selected to categorize participants into three triage groups for implementation. Conclusion: A logistic regression model comprised of eight easily understood variables may be useful for triage of children under the age of five based on the probability of need for admission. This model could be used by frontline workers with limited skills in assessing children. External validation is needed before adoption in clinical practice.
Universal Competences in Modern Education
Authors: Andreev A. 
Published: April 2021

Educational objectives can be represented as the following chain containing conceptual algorithms: universal skills - soft skills - hard skills.
Under the universal competences (universal skills) is meant the possession of effective algorithms for solving informational in nature tasks facing a person who relies on the highest cultural values. Universal competencies allow you to form a picture of the world. The status of “universal” competencies implies that these competencies are equally important in professional, social and personal life.
On the basis of universal competencies, narrowly specialized competencies (hard skills) and “personal qualities” - soft skills should be formed.
Sintaksičeskaâ informaciâ dlâ Aktivnogo slovarâ russkogo âzyka
Authors: Apresân Ûrij D. 
Published: April 2021

Syntactic information for Активный словарь русского языка ‘Active dictionary of Russian’
The article discusses the two types of syntactic information assigned to lexemes in the Active Dictionary of Russian (ADR) which is now being compiled at the Vinogradov Russian Language Institute of RAN. A lexeme is viewed in ADR as a word with only one of its meanings, but with all of the linguistically relevant properties characteristic for that meaning. Syntactic information assigned to a lexeme in ADR comprises government pattern(s) for predicate lexemes, and lexeme specific syntactic constructions, regardless of whether the lexeme is a predicate or not. Government patterns are deduced directly from the meaning definitions of predicate lexemes. Meaning definitions of predicate lexemes are formulated in terms of simpler senses and variables, of the form A1 which denote the semantic actants of the lexeme in question. A government pattern is the sum of lines A1, A2, …, An, each containing information on the external manifestation of the given actant.
Formação inventiva de professores em tempos de pandemia: o que um louco lúcido nos convida a pensar e escrever?
Authors: Kohan Walter Omar 
Published: April 2021

Depois de uma apresentação do momento presente e da crise do capitalismo com a atual pandemia do COVID-19, o texto busca pensar as seguintes perguntas: qual seria o papel de uma formação inventiva de professores no atual cenário de suspensão aberto pela pandemia, que nos abre a possibilidade de novas formas de vida (nas escolas e fora delas)? O que fazer, em nome de uma formação inventiva de educadores, a partir de um momento crítico como o presente? O artigo o faz a partir de uma leitura da frase “inventamos ou erramos”, de Simón Rodríguez, e da inspiração de pedagogia menina da pergunta de Paulo Freire.
Did COVID-19 related delays in surgical management lead to patient morbidity in the orthopaedic oncological population?
Authors: Fitzgerald Michael J. , Goodman Howard J. , Kenan Samuel , Kenan Shachar 
Published: April 2021

Aims The aim of this study was to assess orthopaedic oncologic patient morbidity resulting from COVID-19 related institutional delays and surgical shutdowns during the first wave of the pandemic in New York, USA. Methods A single-centre retrospective observational study was conducted of all orthopaedic oncologic patients undergoing surgical evaluation from March to June 2020. Patients were prioritized as level 0-IV, 0 being elective and IV being emergent. Only priority levels 0 to III were included. Delay duration was measured in days and resulting morbidities were categorized into seven groups: prolonged pain/disability; unplanned preoperative radiation and/or chemotherapy; local tumour progression; increased systemic disease; missed opportunity for surgery due to progression of disease/lost to follow up; delay in diagnosis; and no morbidity. Results Overall, 25 patients met inclusion criteria. There were eight benign tumours, seven metastatic, seven primary sarcomas, one multiple myeloma, and two patients without a biopsy proven diagnosis. There was no priority level 0, two priority level I, six priority level II, and 17 priority level III cases. The mean duration of delay for priority level I was 114 days (84 to 143), priority level II was 88 days (63 to 133), and priority level III was 77 days (35 to 269). Prolonged pain/disability and delay in diagnosis, affecting 52% and 40%,respectively, represented the two most frequent morbidities. Local tumour progression and increased systemic disease affected 32% and 24% respectively. No patients tested positive for COVID-19. Conclusion COVID-19 related delays in surgical management led to major morbidity in this studied orthopaedic oncologic patient population. By understanding these morbidities through clearer hindsight, a thoughtful approach can be developed to balance the risk of COVID-19 exposure versus delay in treatment, ensuring optimal care for orthopedic oncologic patients as the pandemic continues with intermittent calls for halting surgery. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(4):236–242.
Room-temperature watt-level and tunable ∼3  µm lasers in Ho3+/Pr3+ co-doped AlF3-based glass fiber
Authors: Liu Mo , Zhang Jiquan , Xu Niannian , Tian Xinwei , Jia Shijie , Wang Shunbin , Brambilla Gilberto , Wang Pengfei 
Published: April 2021

A room-temperature watt-level continuous-wave-output power mid-infrared fiber laser operating at

λ
∼
3

µ

m

is demonstrated using a

H
o

3
+

/

P
r

3
+

co-doped

A
l
F

3

based glass fiber as a gain fiber. This fixed-wavelength laser had maximum output power of 1.13 W with a slope efficiency of 10.3% and a long-term operating stability of

>

40

min

without any additional packaging or active thermal management. A fiber laser with tunability from 2.842 to 2.938 µm showed a maximum output power of 110 mW.
Der Zusammenhang zwischen Wohnungsgröße und Miethöhe in Deutschland und dessen Einfluss auf die Projektentwicklung
Authors: Engel Dominik , Gärtner Philip , Linke Hans-Joachim 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Entwicklung der Mietpreise auf dem deutschen Wohnungsmarkt hat in den letzten Jahren zu regulatorischen Eingriffen des Gesetzgebers geführt, um die Preissteigerung zu begrenzen. Dennoch steigen die Preise in einigen Regionen weiter und stellen Marktakteure vor Herausforderungen. Insbesondere Projektentwickler im Wohnungsbau, die die zukünftige Nachfrage in ihren Entwicklungen antizipieren müssen, müssen entscheiden, welche Wohnungsgrößen zukünftig nachgefragt werden und welchen Einfluss die Entwicklung unterschiedlicher Wohnungsgrößen auf ihren Erlös hat. Diese Studie greift dazu diesen bisher in der Literatur noch allenfalls eingeschränkt behandelten Aspekt auf. Dazu wird der Trend der Wohnungsgrößenentwicklung sowohl auf Bundes- wie auch auf kommunaler Ebene anhand amtlicher Statistiken untersucht und die Erlös- und Kostenentwicklung mit Hilfe von Mietpreisstatistiken, Angebotsdaten und Experteninterviews analysiert. Der ermittelte Trend der Wohnungsgrößenentwicklung hin zu kleineren Wohnungen impliziert eine Untersuchung der sich daraus ergebenden Konsequenzen. Die Analyse der Mietpreisstatistiken und Angebotsdaten zeigt, dass dies mit höheren Erlösen pro Quadratmeter Wohnfläche einhergeht. Die Analyse der Größeneffekte auf die Kalkulation von Projektentwicklern zeigt, dass insbesondere der Flächeneffizienz und bestimmten Positionen der Baukosten frühzeitig verstärkt Beachtung zukommen sollte. Dies legt in Verbindung mit der Mietpreisanalyse die Entwicklung kleinerer Wohnungen, unter sorgfältiger Abwägung der Randbedingungen des individuellen Projektes, nahe.
Satisfaction and associated factors towards inpatient health care services among adult patients at Pawie General Hospital, West Ethiopia
Authors: Aga Tesgera Begize , Ferede Yohannes Mulu , Mekonen Enyew Getaneh 
Published: April 2021

Introduction
Improving the quality of services is the primary goal of the Ethiopia reform program to satisfy patients. Patient satisfaction is an attitude resulting from a person’s general orientation towards a total experience of health care. According to world health organization consumer satisfaction is playing an increasingly important role in the quality of care reforms and health-care delivery more generally.

Objective
To assess patient’s satisfaction and associated factors with health care services among admitted patients in Pawie General Hospital, Benishangul Gumuze Region, West Ethiopia, 2020

Methods
Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among adult patients admitted to Pawie General Hospital. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to recruit 334 participants and a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were entered into Epi Data version 3.1, analyzed using SPSS version 23, and presented in tables and graphs. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were computed to identify factors associated with patient satisfaction. P-values < 0.05 and adjusted odds ratios were used to declare the significance and strength of the association.

Result
The overall patient’s satisfaction towards inpatient health care services at Pawie General Hospital was 60.8% with 95% CI (55.4, 65.9). Factors like admission ward [AOR = 2.60; 95% CI (1.34, 5.03)] and privacy [AOR = 12.5; 95% C I (2.89, 54.1)] were significantly associated with patient’s satisfaction.

Conclusion
The satisfaction level of patients admitted to Pawie General Hospitals was low. Admission ward and perceived privacy assured were factors significantly associated with patient satisfaction among patients admitted to Pawie General Hospital. The hospital administration system is better to work together to fill the gaps identified and improve the level of patient satisfaction.
Risk factors of stunting in Indonesian children aged 1 to 60 months
Authors: Wicaksono Rizki Aryo , Arto Karina Sugih , Mutiara Erna , Deliana Melda , Lubis Munar , Batubara Jose Rizal Latief 
Published: April 2021

Background The Indonesian province of Aceh has a high prevalence of stunting. Identifying risk factors for stunting may help prevention efforts. The Growth Diagrams of Indonesian Children are a specific tool to diagnose stunting in Indonesian pediatric populations.
Objective To determine the risk factors of stunting in children aged 1-60 months using the Growth Diagrams of Indonesian Children.
Methods This observational, analytic study with case-control design was conducted in the Lawe Alas District, Southeast Aceh, Indonesia to compare prior risk factors exposure between stunted children (cases) and non-stunted children (controls) from January-April 2018. Subjects were children aged 1-60 months and recruited by consecutive sampling.
Results The subjects comprised 97 cases and 97 controls, totaling 194 subjects, internal risk factors of stunting were short birth length (OR 2.87; 95%CI 1.24 to 6.61; P=0.011), inadequate calorie intake (OR 2.37; 95%CI 1.32 to 4.27; P=0.004), non-exclusive breastfeeding (OR 3.64; 95%CI 2.01 to 6.61; P<0.001), chronic diarrhea (OR 6.56; 95%CI 3.33 to 13.01; P<0.001) and upper respiratory tract infections (OR 3.47; 95%CI 1.89 to 6.35; P<0.001). External risk factors of stunting were unimproved sanitation (OR 2.98; 95%CI 1.62 to 5.48; P<0.001), unimproved water sources (OR 2.71; 95%CI 1.50 to 4.88; P=0.001), low family income (OR 2.49; 95%CI 1.38 to 4.49; P=0.002), low paternal educational level (OR 2.98; 95%CI 1.62 to 5.48; P<0.001), low maternal educational level (OR 2.64; 95%CI 1.38 to 5.04; P=0.003), and living in households with >4 family members (OR 1.23; 95%CI 0.69 to 2.17; P=0.469). Regression analysis showed that the dominant risk factor of stunting was chronic diarrhea (OR 5.41; 95%CI 2.20 to 13.29; P<0.001).
Conclusion The history of chronic diarrhea and non-exclusive breastfeeding are the main risk factors of childhood stunting.
Phototherapy and serum calcium levels in full term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Lidia Carissa , Kardana I Made , Nilawati Gusti Ayu Putu , Subanada Ida Bagus , Adnyana I Gusti Agung Ngurah Sugitha , Mayangsari Ayu Setyorini Mestika 
Published: April 2021

Background Hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most common problems in newborns. Severe hyperbilirubinemia, known as kernicterus, can suppress O2 consumption and oxidative phosphorylation, as well as damage brain cells, resulting in neuronal dysfunction and encephalopathy. Phototherapy is a common therapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, but may rarely lead to the adverse effect of hypocalcemia.
Objective To investigate serum calcium levels in full term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia, before and after phototherapy.
Methods This cohort study compared total serum calcium level before and after phototherapy in full term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. Subjects were full term neonates aged 2-14 days with high total serum bilirubin levels, according to the Bhutani curve, and were treated with phototherapy at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. Paired T-test was used to compare serum calcium levels before and after phototherapy.
Results There were 35 subjects in this study. Paired T-test revealed that subjects’ serum calcium significantly decreased after phototherapy [before: 9.47 mg/dL vs. after: 9.23 mg/dL; mean difference 0.24; (95%CI 0.03 to 0.46; P=0.025)]. None of our subjects had hypocalcemia after phototherapy.
Conclusion Full term neonates with hyperbilirubinemia have reduced serum calcium levels after phototherapy.
Music for pain in healthy neonates
Authors: Ramli Nessie Amelia , Ramadanti Afifa , Indrayady Indrayady , Memy Yuli Doris 
Published: April 2021

Background The neonatal pain threshold is 30-50% lower than in adults and older children because of immature pain inhibition function in nervous centers. Acute pain in neonates results in behavioral, physiological, and cerebral blood flow changes that may lead to intraventricular bleeding and periventricular leukomalacia. Music is believed to reduce pain perception as it distracts, influencing the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system by decreasing pulse rate, blood pressure, and breathing, hence, promoting a relaxed state.
Objective To evaluate effects of music intervention on physiological parameters and pain perception in healthy newborns undergoing a painful medical procedure (immunization injection).
Methods This was a double-blind, randomized control trial study. A recorded instrumental lullaby “Nina Bobo” was given for 5 minutes to the music group and no music for control, prior injection of Hepatitis B 0. The evaluation of heart rate and SpO2 were performed at baseline, 30 seconds, and 5 minutes after injection. Pain perception were measured by Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) at 30 seconds and 5 minutes after injection.
Results Total of 51 subjects were enrolled. There were no difference of SpO2 and NIPS between both music and control groups. Music improved heart rate after 30 seconds and 5 minutes after injection, median 126 (range 55-149) bpm from median 136 (range 78-154) bpm, and even lower than baseline [mean 128.9 (SD 12.5) bpm; P=0.019]. The control showed no improvement of heart rate mean 124,34 (SD 18,45) from 124,73 (SD 18,39); P=0.875There were no significant differences between the 2 groups.
Conclusion Music is not effective in improving oxygen saturation, heart rate, and is not effective in reducing the degree of pain.
microRNA-9-5p protects liver sinusoidal endothelial cell against oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion injury
Authors: Duan Yi , Meng Yuanyuan , Gao Zhifeng , Wang Xiaoyu , Zhang Huan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background
Maintenance of the function and survival of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) play a crucial role in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, a major cause of liver impairment during the surgical treatment. Emerging evidence indicates a critical role of microRNAs in I/R injury. This study aims to investigate whether miR-9-5p exerts a protective effect on LSECs.

Methods
We transfected LSECs with miR-9-5p mimic or mimic NC. LSECs were treated with oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD, 5% CO2, and 95% N2), followed by glucose-free Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) medium for 6 h and high glucose (HG, 30 mmol/L glucose) DMEM medium for 12 h. The biological role of miR-9-5p in I/R-induced LSEC injury was determined.

Results
In the in vitro model of OGD/HG injury in LSECs, the expression levels of miR-9-5p were significantly downregulated, and those of CXC chemokine receptor-4 (CXCR4) upregulated. LSEC I/R injury led to deteriorated cell death, enhanced oxidative stress, and excessive inflammatory response. Mechanistically, we showed that miR-9-5p overexpression significantly downregulated both mRNA and protein levels of CXCR4, followed by the rescue of LSECs, ameliorated inflammatory response, and deactivation of pro-apoptotic signaling pathways.

Conclusions
miR-9-5p promotes LSEC survival and inhibits apoptosis and inflammatory response in LSECs following OGD/HG injury via downregulation of CXCR4.
Synergistic promoting effect of ball milling and Fe(ii) catalysis for cross-dehydrogenative-coupling of 1,4-benzoxazinones with indoles
Authors: Sharifi Ali , Babaalian Zahra , Abaee M. Saeed , Moazami Maryam , Mirzaei Mojtaba 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this work, a novel C(sp3)–C(sp2) cross-dehydrogenative-coupling method is developed to react benzoxazin-2-one derivatives with various indoles. As a result, combined use of ball milling and Fe(ii) catalysis leads to rapid coupling of 1,4-benzoxazinones with derivatives of indole. Under the conditions, derivatives of1couple with various indoles at room temperature to produce good yields of the desired compounds within 0.5–2 h time period. Thus, derivatives of both starting materials couple smoothly under relatively mild conditions to give good yields of3.
Preparation and cutting performance of nano-scaled Al2O3-coated micro-textured cutting tool prepared by atomic layer deposition
Authors: Tang Siwen , Liu Pengfei , Su Zhen , Lei Yu , Liu Qian , Liu Deshun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Al2O3 nano-scaled coating was prepared on micro-textured YT5 cemented carbide cutting tools by atomic layer deposition ALD. The effect of Al2O3 nano-scaled coating, with and without combined action of texture, on the cutting performance was studied by orthogonal cutting test. The results were compared with micro-textured cutting tool and YT5 cutting tool. They show that the micro-texture and nano-scaled Al2O3 coated on the micro-texture both can reduce the cutting force and friction coefficient of the tool, and the tools with nano-scaled Al2O3 coated on the micro-texture are more efficient. Furthermore, the friction coefficient of the 100 nm Al2O3-coated micro-texture tool is relatively low. When the distance of the micro-pits is 0.15 mm, the friction coefficient is lowest among the four kinds of pit textured nanometer coating tools. The friction coefficient is the lowest when the direction of the groove in strip textured nanometer coating tool is perpendicular to the main cutting edge. The main mechanism of the nanometer Al2O3 on the micro-textured tool to reduction in cutting force and the friction coefficient is discussed. These results show that the developed tools effectively decrease the cutting force and friction coefficient of tool–chip interface.
Fabrication, characterization, and photocatalytic performance of ternary cadmium chalcogenides CdIn2S4 and Cd7.23Zn2.77S10-ZnS thin films
Authors: Daraz Umar , Ansari Tariq Mahmood , Arain Shafique Ahmad , Mansoor Muhammad Adil , Mazhar Muhammad , Hussain Fayyaz 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Dithiocarbamate complexes [Cd(S2CNCy2)2(py)] (1), [In(S2CNCy2)3]·2py (2) and [Zn(S2CNCy2)2(py)] (3) were synthesized and toluene solution of (1) and (2) was used as dual source precursor for the synthesis of CdIn2S4 (CIS), while that of (1) and (3) was applied for the deposition of Cd7.23Zn2.77S10–ZnS composite (CZS-ZS) thin film photoan-odes by employing single step aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) technique. Deposition experiments were performed at 500°C under an inert ambient of argon gas. The structural properties of deposited films were evaluated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) exposed surface morphologies while UV-Visible spectrophotometry revealed that CIS is low band gap photoanode in comparison to CZS-ZS. The comparison of photoelectrochemical (PEC) responses measured in identical conditions in terms of linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) depicts photocurrent density of 4.4 mA /cm2 and 2.9 mA/cm2 at applied potential of 0.7 V under solar light intensity of 100 mW/cm2 for CIS and CZS-ZS respectively. Further, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) confirms that PEC properties of CIS are superior to CZS-ZS photoanode as the former offer less charge transfer resistance (Rct) 0.03 MΩ in comparison to CZS-ZS having Rct value of 0.06 MΩ.