bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opioid prescription patterns among urologists as compiled from within Medicare
Authors: Callegari Michael , Jella Tarun , Mahran Amr , Alfahmy Anood , Patel Anish , Muncey Wade , Patel Anish , Loeb Aram , Thirumavalavan Nannan 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: We aimed to evaluate opioid prescribing patterns of urologists across the United States (U.S.) and the District of Columbia (D.C.) using publicly available data from Medicare Part D. Our secondary analysis was to identify any loco-regional trends that may exist within the U.S.
Methods: We queried publicly reported information from the Part D Prescriber database, which is compiled from beneficiaries enrolled within the Medicare Part D prescription drug program. Only providers with the specialty description of urologist were included within this study.
Results: Between 2013 and 2017, a five-year average of 452 901 opioid claims by 9640 urologists — amounting to $5 357 114 (USD) and comprising 3.78% of all claims made — were identified. The state of Maine featured the highest percentage of opioid claims in relation to all claims (5.81%). West Virginia had the greatest average total opioid claims per provider (90), while Michigan featured the highest average proportion of opioid claims per provider (10.63%). The fewest opioid claims were processed within the Mid-Atlantic and New England regions.
Conclusions: A multitude of factors likely contributes to variability between states. Urologists should be increasingly aware of their individual prescription tendencies and use available drug monitoring programs in order to reduce unnecessary prescriptions, all while providing more targeted and appropriate pain management.
Time Domain Simulation of a Yacht Sailing Upwind in Waves
Authors: Harris D. H. 
Published: May 2021

A time domain maneuvering simulation of an IACC class yacht suitable for the analysis of unsteady upwind sailing and tacking is presented. The simulation code (RODAN) considers motions in six degrees of freedom. The hydrodynamic and aerodynamic loads are calculated primarily with unsteady potential theory supplemented by empirical models. The hydrodynamic model includes the effects of incident waves. Control of the rudder is provided by a simple feedback autopilot which is tuned to mimic human steering.
The hydrodynamic models are based on the superposition of force components. The components fall into two groups, those which the yacht will experience in calm water, and those due to incident waves. The calm water loads include double body maneuvering loads hydrostatic loads, free surface radiation loads, and viscous/residual loads. Incident wave components include Froude-Krylov and diffraction loads.
The double body maneuvering loads are calculated with an unsteady panel code which treats the instantaneous geometry of the yacht below the undisturbed free surface.
The Groude-Krylov pressures are integrated over the surface defined by the panel code. The free surface radiation loads are calculated via convolution of impulse response functions derived from seakeeping strip theory. The diffraction loads are also derived from strip theory. The viscous are residual loads are based upon empirical estimates.
The aerodynamic models are based on a database of steady state sail coefficients. Dynamic effects are modeled by using the instantaneous incident wind velocity and direction as the independent variables for the sail load contribution of each of several chordwise strips. The sail coefficient database was calculated numerically with potential methods and simple empirical viscous corrections. Additional aerodynamic load calculations are made to determine the parasitic drag of the rig and hull.
Comprendre la croissance des nouvelles entreprises : la complexe relation entre capital humain, chômage et motivation
Authors: Vedel Benjamin , Gabarret Inés , Sellami Mohamed , Saidi Sana 
Published: May 2021

Les entrepreneurs qui créent suite à une période de chômage sont reconnus pour mettre en place des entreprises de moindre croissance. Néanmoins, ces derniers n’ont pas tous la même expérience initiale et la même motivation pour le développement de leur entreprise. Ceci peut expliquer des variations du niveau de croissance de la nouvelle entreprise créée. L’analyse de plusieurs modérations, au travers d’une base de données de 304 entrepreneurs, apporte de nouvelles connaissances sur la relation complexe entre les caractéristiques de l’individu, la situation de chômage de l’entrepreneur avant la création et la croissance de l’entreprise créée.
Typologie des problèmes éthiques nommés par des employés du réseau québécois de la santé et des services sociaux à l’occasion de séances de groupes de codéveloppement professionnel*
Authors: Farmer Yanick , Bissière Mehlia , Paquet Maxime , Lafranchise Nathalie 
Published: May 2021

En matière d’éthique, les organisations optent le plus souvent pour une approche formaliste faisant appel au code d’éthique. L’approche formaliste omet toutefois de prendre en considération le sens que les acteurs d’une organisation donnent à ces normes. Afin de jeter les bases d’une éthique organisationnelle empirique partant du point de vue des acteurs, cette recherche propose une typologie des problèmes éthiques vécus en organisation à partir d’une analyse qualitative des verbatim de rencontres de groupes de codéveloppement professionnel dans le réseau québécois de la santé.
Encounters with the World through Cultural Schoolbag Workshops for Teacher Students
Authors: Skregelid Lisbet 
Published: May 2021

This article raises some questions about encountering the world and subjectivation in art educational practices. Gert Biesta recently criticised the continuing emphasis on expressive and self-centred approaches and pedagogies in art education (2017, 2018). Biesta calls for a world-centred approach to education in general, as well as art education practices that move the focus from oneself to a greater openness towards the world.
In my own art education practice, I attempt to enable this shift from what I see as an emphasis on merely the self to an emphasis on the world—a more sustainable approach to art education. I practise turning students towards the world that explores the possibility for subjectivation: that is, for subjects to come into existence. I frame this teaching strategy as educational dissensus (Skregelid, 2016, 2019a, 2019b, 2020a, 2020b, 2020c).
This article discusses the notion of world-centredness in relation to the initial stages of a pilot study involving teacher students in The Cultural Schoolbag (TCS) workshops. The TCS workshop Teiporama, by the artist Sandra Norrbin, had an explorative character and was oriented towards process rather than focused on developing skills and an artistic object. At first glance, what happened in the workshops might seem like the expressive approach to art education that Biesta criticizes. However, I still believe the workshop revealed something more. This leads me to asking: How can an art practice having the self, the I, as a point of departure at the same time be a world-centred educational practice?
Differentially expressed genes, lncRNAs, and competing endogenous RNAs in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Guo Changsheng , Hua Yuanqing , Qian Zuanhao 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundKawasaki disease (KD) is an acute and febrile systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology. This study aimed to identify the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks of lncRNAs, miRNAs, and genes in KD and explore the molecular mechanisms underlying KD.MethodsGSE68004andGSE73464datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and genes (DEGs) in KD were identified using the criteria ofp < 0.05 and | log2(fold change) | ≥ 1. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) related to KD were searched from databases. The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks involving the DElncRNAs and DEGs were constructed.ResultsA total of 769 common upregulated, 406 common downregulated DEGs, and six DElncRNAs were identified in the KD samples. The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network consisted of four miRNAs, three lncRNAs (including the upregulatedPSORS1C3,LINC00999, and the downregulatedSNHG5) and four DEGs (including the downregulatedGATA3and the upregulatedSOD2,MAPK14, andPPARG). Validation in theGSE18606dataset showed that intravenous immunoglobulin treatment significantly alleviated the deregulated profiles of the above RNAs in KD patients. Three ceRNA networks ofLINC00999-hsa-miR-6780-SOD2,PSORS1C3-hsa-miR-216a-PPARG/MAPK14, andSNHG5-hsa-miR-132/hsa-miR-92-GATA3were identified. Four genes were associated with functional categories, such as inflammatory response and vascular endothelial cell.ConclusionsThe ceRNA networks involve genes, such asSOD2,MAPK14, andPPARG, and lncRNAs, includingPSORS1C3,LINC00999, andSNHG5, which might play a key role in the pathogenesis and development of KD by regulating inflammation.
Analysis of multi-omics differences in left-side and right-side colon cancer
Authors: Huang Yanyi , Duanmu Jinzhong , Liu Yushu , Yan Mengyun , Li Taiyuan , Jiang Qunguang 
Published: May 2021

Background
Colon cancer is one of the most common tumors in the digestive tract. Studies of left-side colon cancer (LCC) and right-side colon cancer (RCC) show that these two subtypes have different prognoses, outcomes, and clinical responses to chemotherapy. Therefore, a better understanding of the importance of the clinical classifications of the anatomic subtypes of colon cancer is needed.

Methods
We collected colon cancer patients’ transcriptome data, clinical information, and somatic mutation data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database portal. The transcriptome data were taken from 390 colon cancer patients (172 LCC samples and 218 RCC samples); the somatic mutation data included 142 LCC samples and 187 RCC samples. We compared the expression and prognostic differences of LCC and RCC by conducting a multi-omics analysis of each using the clinical characteristics, immune microenvironment, transcriptomic differences, and mutation differences. The prognostic signatures was validated using the internal testing set, complete set, and external testing set (GSE39582). We also verified the independent prognostic value of the signature.

Results
The results of our clinical characteristic analysis showed that RCC had a significantly worse prognosis than LCC. The analysis of the immune microenvironment showed that immune infiltration was more common in RCC than LCC. The results of differential gene analysis showed that there were 360 differentially expressed genes, with 142 upregulated genes in LCC and 218 upregulated genes in RCC. The mutation frequency of RCC was generally higher than that of LCC. BRAF and KRAS gene mutations were the dominant genes mutations in RCC, and they had a strong mutual exclusion with APC, while APC gene mutation was the dominant gene mutation in LCC. This suggests that the molecular mechanisms of RCC and LCC differed. The 4-mRNA and 6-mRNA in the prognostic signatures of LCC and RCC, respectively, were highly predictive and may be used as independent prognostic factors.

Conclusion
The clinical classification of the anatomic subtypes of colon cancer is of great significance for early diagnosis and prognostic risk assessment. Our study provides directions for individualized treatment of left and right colon cancer.
Revealing the Sudden Alternation in Pt@h‐BN Nanoreactors for Nearly 100% CO2‐to‐CH4 Photoreduction
Authors: Bi Wei , Hu Yanjie , Jiang Hao , Zhang Ling , Li Chunzhong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHow to develop an efficient photocatalyst with high activity and high selectivity is the biggest challenge limiting the application of photocatalysis. A reasonable design of the nanoreactor model is an effective strategy. Herein, a series of Pt nanoparticles coated with hexagonal boron nitride (Pt@h‐BN) nanoreactors highly dispersed on a photochemically inert carrier, Al2O3 substrate, are synthesized. The results show that as the number of h‐BN coating layers increases, the selectivity of photocatalysis is altered from nearly 100% CO2‐to‐CO to nearly 100% CO2‐to‐CH4, and the optimized space‐time yield of CH4 is up to 184.7 μmol g(Pt)−1 h−1 with three‐layer coating. The in situ characterizations reveal the cleavage of the CO on Pt to be the rate determining step and the existence of the key intermediate CO2− species on the surface of Pt@h‐BN facilitates CH4 formation. Notably, combined with detailed simulation calculations, this work reveals that the confinement effect in Pt@h‐BN attributes the electrons mobility behavior and alleviate the interaction of COPt. What is more, the change of the reaction site is the essence for the sudden alternation. This work will bring a new insight to the selective catalysis of noble metals in the gas‐solid phase.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of Rosa chinensis ‘Old Blush’ provides insights into the crucial factors and signaling pathways in salt stress response
Authors: Bao Ying , Chen Chao , Fu Ling , Chen Yuqing 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe growth, development, and quality production of Rosa hybrida L. are the core issues for being able to have good yields. Inadequate information on genetic background and resistance has hindered the ability to continue improving flower quality, and most cultivars continue to have lower‐than‐desired levels of resistance. Therefore, this study sequenced the transcription group of the R. chinensis Jacq. ‘Old Blush’ under high salt stress. Transcription group sequencing was carried out on root and leaf materials at different points in time (0, 2, 24, and 48 h) under a high salt stress condition of NaHCO3. The monthly salt stress recorded within 48‐h Ca2+ sensors was mainly calmodulin and calcium‐binding protein. The kinase 5 (RC2G0184500) began to show significant increase from 24‐ and 48‐h process time, respectively, within the leaf blades and the root. There was an increase of superoxide dismutase and L‐ascorbate peroxidase from the 2‐ and 48‐h processing times, respectively. Within the blades, MYB4, MYB41, MYB44, MYB20, MYB62, and MYB14 had a log2Foldchange of >4. ERF109 had a log2Foldchange of 7. NAC‐like transcription factors had more differential genes in the root than in the leaves, with a log2Foldchange of NAC67, NAC52, NAC16, and NAC2 of >4. The plant hormone signal transduction‐related genes involved were abscisic acid, growth hormone, ethylene, erythromycin, jasmine acid, salbonate, and cell division. The EIN4 and EIN3 were only raised in the leaf and the serine/threonine‐protein kinase CTR1 was raised in the root, whereas the ethylene pathway was mainly in the leaves. Auxin‐responsive protein SAUR72 and SAUR50 were raised in the leaves and the other auxin‐responsive protein and SAUR expression in the root were low. The IAA2 was revised upward in the leaf and the IAA11 was revised upward in the root, whereas the rest were revised downward. In conclusion, the study revealed several genes and hormones that are key in salt stress response.
Photosynthetic organs contributions to grain yield genetic gains in Chilean winter wheat
Authors: Elazab Abdelhalim , Moraga Felipe , del Pozo Alejandro 
Published: May 2021

AbstractInvestigating the key traits associated with genetic gains in grain yield (GY) is essential for developing winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding strategies. The study objectives were: (a) quantifying the photosynthetic contribution of flag leaf and ear to the grain filling; (b) analyzing if their contributions are associated with the genetic gains in GY; and (c) analyzing their relationship with other agronomical and physiological traits. Thus, six winter wheat genotypes of different release years were grown under optimal conditions in a greenhouse trial during 2019. Grain yield increased by 126 kg h–1 yr–1, with the harvest index's change being the key factor affecting these gains. Compared to the control treatment, ear shading decreased ear contribution to grain filling by 16.35%, while both flag leaf and awn removal increased contribution to grain filling by 4.46 and 5.90%, respectively. Ear photosynthetic contribution estimated by source manipulation treatments showed a significant increase with the release year (0.54% yr–1). Whole ear gas exchange measures correlated positively with GY, and both dark respiration and gross photosynthesis showed positive correlations with the release year. The main findings of the study were: (a) GY gains in Chile were mainly due to the increased harvest index (HI), while the aerial biomass (AB) did not play a significant role in these gains; (b) the increased ear size besides the terminal heat stress during the study highlighted the ear role as the primary photosynthetic contributor to grain filling; and (c) using source manipulation techniques as an indirect selection trait for high ear photosynthesis appeared to be promising.
Impact of renal function on residual platelet reactivity and clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with clopidogrel
Authors: Li Qing , Chen Yinong , Liu Ying , Yu Luyao , Zheng Jingang , Sun Yihong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common comorbidity in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and may potentially influence platelet function.HypothesisWe explored the influence of renal function on platelet reactivity to investigate whether high residual platelet reactivity (HRPR) is associated with cardiovascular events.MethodsACS patients treated with aspirin and clopidogrel were prospectively enrolled. Patients were categorized into two groups on the basis of baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): non‐CKD (eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and CKD (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2). Platelet function was measured by thromboelastography ≥5 days after maintenance dual antiplatelet therapy. Major adverse clinical events (MACEs) were collected at 1 year after discharge.ResultsThere were 282 non‐CKD patients and 212 CKD patients. A significant difference in median MAADP value was observed between the two groups (15.0 mm vs. 31.3 mm, p < .001). HRPR was more prevalent in the CKD group than the non‐CKD group (27.4% vs 9.6%, p < .001). At 1‐year follow‐up, the incidence of MACEs was significantly higher for those with both CKD and HRPR compared with those with either CKD or HRPR (37.9% vs. 18.5%, p < .001). The relationship between HRPR and MACEs was consistent across CKD strata without evidence of interaction. Adding platelet reactivity to eGFR improved the model with area under the curve increasing from 0.703 to 0.734.ConclusionIn patients with ACS, the risk of HRPR increased with declining eGFR. Both CKD and HRPR were associated with MACEs at 1‐year follow‐up.
Mapping reward mechanisms by intracerebral self‐stimulation in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Bowden Douglas M. , German Dwight C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe objective of the study was to identify brain structures that mediate reward as evidenced by positive reinforcing effects of stimuli on behavior. Testing by intracerebral self‐stimulation enabled monkeys to inform whether activation of ~2900 sites in 74 structures of 4 sensorimotor pathways and 4 modulatory loop pathways was positive, negative or neutral. Stimulation was rewarding at 30% of sites, negative at 17%, neutral at 52%. Virtually all (99%) structures yielded some positive or negative sites, suggesting a ubiquitous distribution of pathways transmitting valence information. Mapping of sites to structures with dense versus sparse dopaminergic (DA) or noradrenergic (NA) innervation showed that stimulation of DA‐pathways was rewarding or neutral. Stimulation of NA‐pathways was not rewarding. Stimulation of association areas was generally rewarding; stimulation of purely sensory or motor structures was generally negative. Reward related more to structures' sensorimotor function than to density of DA‐innervation. Stimulation of basal ganglia loop pathways was rewarding except in lateral globus pallidus, an inhibitory structure in the negative feedback loop; stimulation of the cerebellar loop was rewarding in anterior vermis and the spinocerebellar pathway; and stimulation of the hippocampal CA1 loop was rewarding. While most positive sites were in the DA reward system, numerous sites in sparsely DA‐innervated posterior cingulate and parietal cortices may represent a separate reward system. DA‐density represents concentrations of plastic synapses that mediate acquisition of new synaptic connections. DA‐sparse areas may represent innate, genetically programmed reward‐associated pathways. Implications of findings in regard to response habituation and addiction are discussed.
Calculations of the thermophysical properties of low‐temperature Pb plasma at low densities
Authors: Apfelbaum Evgeny M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe pressure, internal energy, and electronic transport coefficients of low‐temperature Pb plasma were calculated at the temperatures 10–100 kK by means of an earlier developed model (E. M. Apfelbaum, Contrib. Plasma Phys. 2019, 59, e201800148). The plasma composition and thermodynamics were obtained using a chemical approach. The electronic transport coefficients were calculated within the relaxation time approximation with the new accurate momentum transfer cross‐section electron‐atom. The results of the present calculations have been compared with the new measurement data, obtained at relatively low densities, reaching 0.125 of the value in solid state, which corresponds to the area, where the model can be applied correctly. The good agreement between the calculations and measurements was obtained for both the pressure and the electrical conductivity.
Basic study of dielectric properties of cancer cells by dielectrophoretic velocimetry
Authors: Guo Yutong , Yagi Ippei , Uchida Satoshi , Tochikubo Fumiyoshi , Takano Masayo , Wakizaka Yoshikazu , Enjoji Takaharu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCell separation technique is essential for the detection of circulating tumor cells in blood and for enrichment of stem cell in regenerative medicine. However, conventional methods require cell labeling such as antibodies, which may damage the cells during the operation. Therefore, dielectrophoresis (DEP), a “label‐free” separation technique that eliminates the effects on cells, has been attracting attention. In this paper, we investigated the dielectric properties of Jurkat cells derived from human T‐cell leukemia cells by dielectrophoretic velocimetry. An equivalent circuit model of the cell was constructed and the frequency characteristics of the voltage of each layer of the cell were calculated. As a result, it was shown that the live and dead cells showed opposite dielectrophoretic forces in the region below 10 kHz, indicating the possibility of separating them. The agreement between the theoretical calculations and the experimental results shows the validity of the equivalent circuit model.