bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dielectric Modulated Glass Fiber Fabric‐Based Single Electrode Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Efficient Biomechanical Energy Harvesting
Authors: Zheng Zhipeng , Yu Di , Guo Yiping 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSingle‐electrode triboelectric nanogenerators (SE‐TENGs) are versatile tools for energy harvesting with simple structures and great practicability. However, low output performance hinders SE‐TENGs in applications as portable power sources. Herein, a novel SE‐TENG that utilizes glass fiber fabric (GFF) as tribo‐materials, along with an inorganic ferroelectric film for the dielectric layer is proposed. The GFF is first shown to be a promising tribo‐material for its highly positive tribo‐polarity and unique chemical/mechanical/durable properties. Meanwhile, an inorganic dielectric film with high dielectric constant is introduced between the GFF and Al electrode for enhancing the charge trapping capability. Owing to the synergistic effect of optimized triboelectrification and dielectric properties, the specific designed SE‐TENG delivers an open‐circuit voltage of 1640 V and a short‐circuit current density of 59.05 mA m−2, which are superior to most reported SE‐TENGs. With a maximum instantaneous power of 11.30 mW, the device can light up 1350 light‐emitting diodes, charge a 47 µF capacitor into 10 V in 421 s, and power up a digital watch even without additional control circuits. This work provides new insights in designing high‐performance SE‐TENGs and facilitates their application in biomechanical energy harvesting and portable power sources.
Assembly of Close‐Packed Ferroelectric Polymer Nanowires via Interface‐Epitaxy with ReS2
Authors: Li Dawei , Sun Shuo , Wang Kun , Ahmadi Zahra , Shield Jeffrey E. , Ducharme Stephen , Hong Xia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe flexible, transparent, and low‐weight nature of ferroelectric polymers makes them promising for wearable electronic and optical applications. To reach the full potential of the polarization‐enabled device functionalities, large‐scale fabrication of polymer thin films with well‐controlled polar directions is called for, which remains a central challenge. The widely exploited Langmuir–Blodgett, spin‐coating, and electrospinning methods only yield polymorphous or polycrystalline films, where the net polarization is compromised. Here, an easily scalable approach is reported to achieve poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene) P(VDF‐TrFE) thin films composed of close‐packed crystalline nanowires via interface‐epitaxy with 1T′‐ReS2. Upon controlled thermal treatment, uniform P(VDF‐TrFE) films restructure into about 10 and 35 nm‐wide (010)‐oriented nanowires that are crystallographically aligned with the underlying ReS2, as revealed by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. Piezoresponse force microscopy studies confirm the out‐of‐plane polar axis of the nanowire films and reveal coercive voltages as low as 0.1 V. Reversing the polarization can induce a conductance switching ratio of >108 in bilayer ReS2, over six orders of magnitude higher than that achieved by an untreated polymer gate. This study points to a cost‐effective route to large‐scale processing of high‐performance ferroelectric polymer thin films for flexible energy‐efficient nanoelectronics.
Gallium Plasmonic Nanoantennas Unveiling Multiple Kinetics of Hydrogen Sensing, Storage, and Spillover
Authors: Losurdo Maria , Gutiérrez Yael , Suvorova Alexandra , Giangregorio Maria M. , Rubanov Sergey , Brown April S. , Moreno Fernando 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHydrogen is the key element to accomplish a carbon‐free based economy. Here, the first evidence of plasmonic gallium (Ga) nanoantennas is provided as nanoreactors supported on sapphire (α‐Al2O3) acting as direct plasmon‐enhanced photocatalyst for hydrogen sensing, storage, and spillover. The role of plasmon‐catalyzed electron transfer between hydrogen and plasmonic Ga nanoparticle in the activation of those processes is highlighted, as opposed to conventional refractive index‐change‐based sensing. This study reveals that, while temperature selectively operates those various processes, longitudinal (LO‐LSPR) and transverse (TO‐LSPR) localized surface plasmon resonances of supported Ga nanoparticles open selectivity of localized reaction pathways at specific sites corresponding to the electromagnetic hot‐spots. Specifically, the TO‐LSPR couples light into the surface dissociative adsorption of hydrogen and formation of hydrides, whereas the LO‐LSPR activates heterogeneous reactions at the interface with the support, that is, hydrogen spillover into α‐Al2O3 and reverse‐oxygen spillover from α‐Al2O3. This Ga‐based plasmon‐catalytic platform expands the application of supported plasmon‐catalysis to hydrogen technologies, including reversible fast hydrogen sensing in a timescale of a few seconds with a limit of detection as low as 5 ppm and in a broad temperature range from room‐temperature up to 600 °C while remaining stable and reusable over an extended period of time.
Bio‐Inspired Hybrid Dielectric for Capacitive and Triboelectric Tactile Sensors with High Sensitivity and Ultrawide Linearity Range
Authors: Ji Bing , Zhou Qian , Hu Bin , Zhong Junwen , Zhou Jun , Zhou Bingpu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe trade‐off between sensitivity and linearity is critical for preserving the high pressure‐resolution over a broad range and simplifying the signal processing/conversion of flexible tactile sensors. Conventional dielectrics suffer from the difficulty of quantitatively controlling the interacted mechanical and dielectric properties, thus causing the restricted sensitivity and linearity of capacitive sensors. Herein, inspired by human skin, a novel hybrid dielectric composed of a low‐permittivity (low‐k) micro‐cilia array, a high‐permittivity (high‐k) rough surface, and micro‐dome array is developed. The pressure‐induced series‐parallel conversion between the low‐k and high‐k components of the hybrid dielectric enables the linear effective dielectric constant and controllable initial/resultant capacitance. The gradient compressibility of the hybrid dielectric enables the linear behavior of elastic modulus with pressures, which derives the capacitance variation determined by the effective dielectric constant. Therefore, an ultrawide linearity range up to 1000 kPa and a high sensitivity of 0.314 kPa–1 are simultaneously achieved by the optimized hybrid dielectric. The design is also applicable for triboelectric tactile sensors, which realizes the similar linear behavior of output voltage and enhanced sensitivity. With the high pressure‐resolution across a broad range, potential applications such as healthcare monitoring in diverse scenarios and control command conversion via a single sensor are demonstrated.
Highly Resolved and Robust Dynamic X‐Ray Imaging Using Perovskite Glass‐Ceramic Scintillator with Reduced Light Scattering
Authors: Ma Wenbo , Jiang Tingming , Yang Ze , Zhang Hao , Su Yirong , Chen Zeng , Chen Xinya , Ma Yaoguang , Zhu Wenjuan , Yu Xue , Zhu Haiming , Qiu Jianbei , Liu Xu , Xu Xuhui , Yang Yang (Michael) 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAll‐inorganic perovskite quantum dots (QDs) CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, and I) have recently emerged as a new promising class of X‐ray scintillators. However, the instability of perovskite QDs and the strong optical scattering of the thick opaque QD scintillator film imped it to realize high‐quality and robust X‐ray image. Herein, the europium (Eu) doped CsPbBr3 QDs are in situ grown inside transparent amorphous matrix to form glass‐ceramic (GC) scintillator with glass phase serving as both matrix and encapsulation for the perovskite QD scintillators. The small amount of Eu dopant optimizes the crystallization of CsPbBr3 QDs and makes their distribution more uniform in the glass matrix, which can significantly reduce the light scattering and also enhance the photoluminescence emission of CsPbBr3 QDs. As a result, a remarkably high spatial resolution of 15.0 lp mm−1 is realized thanks to the reduced light scattering, which is so far a record resolution for perovskite scintillator based X‐ray imaging, and the scintillation stability is also significantly improved compared to the bare perovskite QD scintillators. Those results provide an effective platform particularly for the emerging perovskite nanocrystal scintillators to reduce light scattering and improve radiation hardness.
Profiles of Volatile Biomarkers Detect Tuberculosis from Skin
Authors: Vishinkin Rotem , Busool Rami , Mansour Elias , Fish Falk , Esmail Ali , Kumar Parveen , Gharaa Alaa , Cancilla John C. , Torrecilla Jose S. , Skenders Girts , Leja Marcis , Dheda Keertan , Singh Sarman , Haick Hossam 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that threatens >10 million people annually. Despite advances in TB diagnostics, patients continue to receive an insufficient diagnosis as TB symptoms are not specific. Many existing biodiagnostic tests are slow, have low clinical performance, and can be unsuitable for resource‐limited settings. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a rapid, sputum‐free, and cost‐effective triage test for real‐time detection of TB is urgently needed. This article reports on a new diagnostic pathway enabling a noninvasive, fast, and highly accurate way of detecting TB. The approach relies on TB‐specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are detected and quantified from the skin headspace. A specifically designed nanomaterial‐based sensors array translates these findings into a point‐of‐care diagnosis by discriminating between active pulmonary TB patients and controls with sensitivity above 90%. This fulfills the WHO's triage test requirements and poses the potential to become a TB triage test.
Rechargeable Al‐Chalcogen Batteries: Status, Challenges, and Perspectives
Authors: He Shiman , Zhang Dian , Zhang Xu , Liu Shiqi , Chu Weiqin , Yu Haijun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAluminum‐ion batteries (AIBs) are considered to be alternatives to meet the increasing demands for energy storage due to their high theoretical capacity, low cost, high safety, and the rich abundance of aluminum. Chalcogen materials (sulfur, selenium, and tellurium (SSTs)) with high theoretical capacities are deemed to be promising cathode materials in AIBs. However, the challenges including sluggish reaction kinetics and inferior cycling stability in Al‐SSTs batteries still remain. In order to realize the advantages and overcome the drawbacks of SSTs electrodes, several strategies have been attempted. In this perspective, the approaches in terms of SSTs cathodes, electrolytes, separators, and Al metal anodes to improve the electrochemical performance of Al‐SSTs batteries are summarized and elaborated. The electrochemistry of Al‐SSTs batteries, involving different valence states of the electrochemical products is also presented and highlighted. The issues to be solved for practical applications are listed and possible future directions for the development of more reliable Al‐SSTs batteries are discussed.
Molecular Engineering Approaches to Fabricate Artificial Solid‐Electrolyte Interphases on Anodes for Li‐Ion Batteries: A Critical Review
Authors: Fedorov Roman G. , Maletti Sebastian , Heubner Christian , Michaelis Alexander , Ein‐Eli Yair 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAn intrinsic challenge of Li‐ion batteries is the instability of electrolytes against anode materials. For anodes with a favorably low operating potential, a solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed during initial cycles provides stability, traded off for capacity consumption. The SEI is mainly determined by the anode material, electrolyte composition, and formation conditions. Its properties are typically adjusted by changing the liquid electrolyte's composition. Artificial SEIs (Art‐SEIs) offer much more freedom to address and tune specific properties, such as chemical composition, impedance, thickness, and elasticity. Art‐SEIs for intercalation, alloying, conversion and Li metal anodes have to fulfil varying requirements. In all cases, sufficient transport properties for Li‐ions and (electro‐)chemical stability must be guaranteed. Several approaches for Art‐SEIs preparation have been reported: from simple casting and coating techniques to elaborated Phys‐Chem modifications and deposition processes. This review critically reports on the promising approaches for Art‐SEIs formation on different type of anode materials, focusing on methodological aspects. The specific requirements for each approach and material class, as well as the most effective strategies for Art‐SEI coating, are discussed and a roadmap for further developments towards next‐generation stable anodes are provided.
Agronomic characterization of cotton genotypes susceptible and resistant to reniform nematode in the United States Midsouth
Authors: Singh Bhupinder , Chastain Daryl , Reddy K. Raja , Snider John , Krutz L. Jason , Stetina Salliana , Sehgal Akanksha 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes resistant to reniform nematode (RN) (Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford and Oliveira) have been recently developed to reduce yield losses from RN, yet little is known of their agronomic responses under field conditions. This research was conducted to determine if RN population vary cotton growth and development and yield among RN resistant (G. barbadense introgressions; 08SS110‐NE06.OP and 08SS100) and susceptible cotton genotypes (Deltapine 16 and PHY 490 W3FE) in environments infested with RN. The study was conducted over 2 yr (2017 and 2018) in field plots naturally infested with RN population. Growth analysis was conducted at 1‐ or 2‐wk intervals starting from 4 wk after planting (WAP) to 12 WAP. Soil samples were taken from the top 40‐cm soil depth before planting and after harvesting to determine RN populations. The three‐parameter sigmoidal functions best described (r2 = .95–.99) growth of cotton genotypes along the season, but no differences were observed for maximum growth rates among genotypes. Post‐harvest RN populations significantly increased in plots grown with susceptible cotton genotypes, while RN reproduction was inhibited resulting in a fewer number of RN in the resistant genotypes‐grown soils. 08SS110‐NE06.OP exhibited greater vigor than PHY 490 W3FE in the later part of season. PHY 490 W3FE showed comparable yields with 08SS110‐NE06.OP despite differing in RN suppression and vigor in the later season. The information in this study could be useful to select resistant lines superior in yields and RN suppression as a parent for the development of RN resistant cultivars in cotton.
Catalytic coupling boosting efficient production of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose
Authors: Wang Ke , Liu Sijia , Hao Runming , Du An , Wang Yang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAs a novel green chemical building block, it is of significance to increase the productivity of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) derived from hexoses. In our work, a catalytic system efficiently converting glucose to HMF was designed, which is guided by catalytic coupling at multiple length scales. A catalyst from the sulfonated and carbonized glucose with aluminum loading containing Lewis and Brønsted acidic sites, along with tetrahydrofuran/H2O‐NaCl featuring low boiling point and biphasic solvent, was introduced to the catalytic conversion of glucose. Not only the HMF yield of 75% from glucose was achieved at 140°C for 8 h but also the purity of HMF went up to 93% by facile separation and evaporation. In the reuse of the catalysts, the selectivity of HMF was basically maintained at 81% with the conversion of glucose decreasing by ca. 20% after five runs.
Selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone versus bortezomib and dexamethasone in previously treated multiple myeloma: Outcomes by cytogenetic risk
Authors: Richard Shambavi , Chari Ajai , Delimpasi Sosana , Simonova Maryana , Spicka Ivan , Pour Ludek , Kriachok Iryna , Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Pylypenko Halyna , Auner Holger W. , Leleu Xavier , Usenko Ganna , Hajek Roman , Benjamin Reuben , Dolai Tuphan Kanti , Sinha Dinesh Kumar , Venner Christopher P. , Garg Mamta , Stevens Don Ambrose , Quach Hang , Jagannath Sundar , Moreau Phillipe , Levy Moshe , Badros Ashraf , Anderson Larry D. , Bahlis Nizar J. , Facon Thierry , Mateos Maria Victoria , Cavo Michele , Chang Hua , Landesman Yosef , Chai Yi , Arazy Melina , Shah Jatin , Shacham Sharon , Kauffman Michael G. , Grosicki Sebastian , Richardson Paul G. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn the phase 3 BOSTON study, patients with multiple myeloma (MM) after 1–3 prior regimens were randomized to once‐weekly selinexor (an oral inhibitor of exportin 1 [XPO1]) plus bortezomib‐dexamethasone (XVd) or twice‐weekly bortezomib‐dexamethasone (Vd). Compared with Vd, XVd was associated with significant improvements in median progression‐free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR), and lower rates of peripheral neuropathy, with trends in overall survival (OS) favoring XVd. In BOSTON, 141 (35.1%) patients had MM with high‐risk (presence of del[17p], t[4;14], t[14;16], or ≥4 copies of amp1q21) cytogenetics (XVd, n = 70; Vd, n = 71), and 261 (64.9%) exhibited standard‐risk cytogenetics (XVd, n = 125; Vd, n = 136). Among patients with high‐risk MM, median PFS was 12.91 months for XVd and 8.61 months for Vd (HR, 0.73 [95% CI, (0.4673, 1.1406)], p = 0.082), and ORRs were 78.6% and 57.7%, respectively (OR 2.68; p = 0.004). In the standard‐risk subgroup, median PFS was 16.62 months for XVd and 9.46 months for Vd (HR 0.61; p = 0.004), and ORRs were 75.2% and 64.7%, respectively (OR 1.65; p = 0.033). The safety profiles of XVd and Vd in both subgroups were consistent with the overall population. These data suggest that selinexor can confer benefits to patients with MM regardless of cytogenetic risk. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03110562.
Temporal trends and yield of clinical diagnostic genetic testing in adult neurology
Authors: Guo Michael H. , Bardakjian Tanya M. , Brzozowski Morgan R. , Scherer Steven S. , Quinn Colin , Elman Lauren , Orthmann‐Murphy Jennifer , Tropea Thomas F. , Ellis Colin A. , Gonzalez‐Alegre Pedro 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWhile genetics evaluation is increasingly utilized in adult neurology patients, its usage and efficacy are not well characterized. Here, we report our experience with 1461 consecutive patients evaluated in an adult neurogenetics clinic at a large academic medical center between January 2015 and March 2020. Of the 1461 patients evaluated, 1215 patients were referred for the purposes of identifying a genetic diagnosis for an undiagnosed condition, 90.5% of whom underwent genetic testing. The modalities of genetic testing utilized varied across referral diagnostic categories, including a range of utilization of whole exome sequencing (WES) as an initial test in 13.9% of neuromuscular patients to 52.9% in white matter disorder patients. The usage of WES increased over time, from 7.7% of initial testing in 2015 to a peak of 27.3% in 2019. Overall, genetic testing yielded a causal genetic diagnosis in 30.7% of patients. This yield was higher in certain referring diagnosis categories, such as neuromuscular (39.0%) and epilepsy (29.8%). Our study demonstrates that evaluation at an adult neurogenetics referral center can yield diagnoses in a substantial fraction of patients. Additional research will be needed to determine optimal genetic testing strategies and cost effectiveness of adult neurogenetics evaluation.
The evolution of genetic counseling at Johns Hopkins Hospital and beyond
Authors: Corson Virginia L. , Bernhardt Barbara A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn celebration of the 100th birthday of Dr. Victor A. McKusick, we look back at the history of genetic counseling at Johns Hopkins Hospital and at some milestones for the profession. With the first students graduating from the Human Genetics program at Sarah Lawrence College in 1971, the genetic counseling profession is celebrating its 50th anniversary this year. The profession has seen growth in numbers and scope of practice, the evolution of a national society, the advent of certification and accreditation, the proliferation of graduate programs, the pursuit of state licensure, and collaboration with fellow genetics professionals. Many of the early jobs were at academic centers, such as Johns Hopkins Hospital, while today counselors are employed in a multitude of settings and engaged in a variety of roles.
Revisiting the controversy: The role of fungi in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Tyler Matthew A. , Lam Kent , Marino Michael J. , Yao William C. , Schmale Isaac , Citardi Martin J. , Luong Amber U. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn the last two decades, the development of culture‐independent genomic techniques has facilitated an increased appreciation of the microbiota‐immunity interactions and their role in a multitude of chronic inflammatory diseases such as chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), asthma, inflammatory bowel disease and dermatitis. While the pathologic role of bacteria in chronic inflammatory diseases is generally accepted, the understanding of the role of fungi remains controversial. Chronic rhinosinusitis, specifically the phenotype linked to nasal polyps, represents a spectrum of chronic inflammatory diseases typically characterized by a type 2 immune response. Studies on the microbiota within sinus cavities from healthy and diseased patients have focused on the bacterial community, mainly highlighting the loss of diversity associated with sinus inflammation. Within the various CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) phenotypes, allergic fungal rhinosinusitis presents an opportunity to investigate the role of fungi in chronic type 2 immune responses as well as the antifungal immune pathways designed to prevent invasive fungal diseases. In this review, we examine the spectrum of fungi‐associated sinus diseases highlighting the interaction between fungal species and host immune status on disease presentation. With a focus on fungi and type 2 immune response, we highlight the current knowledge and its limitations of the sinus mycobiota along with cellular interactions and activated molecular pathways linked to fungi.
Segregated highly conductive linear low‐density polyethylene/graphene nanoplatelet composite through aqueous dispersing and self‐leveling method
Authors: Mao Yiding , Zhuang Yafang , Cao Xinyu , Xue Chaohua , Fan Xianpeng , Lu Jiaxin , Ye Gang , Zheng Kun , Zhang Jingnan , Ma Yongmei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractConstruction of segregated structure is an effective way of preparing highly conductive composite. Here, we report an environmentally friendly method to prepare highly conductive linear low‐density polyethylene/graphene nanoplatelets composite with segregated structure (s‐LLDPE/GN) and low GN content. Firstly, GN coated LLDPE granules are prepared through aqueous dispersing and gradually drying. Then, the s‐LLDPE/GN composites are obtained by melting and self‐leveling without extra pressure. This method not only favors the forming of GN segregated network, but also allows certain fusing of the polymer at the interfaces that contribute to good mechanical strength of the composite. The electrical conductivity of the composite increases to 4.5 S/m when the GN content is 1.0 wt%. The composite with 0.5 wt% GN shows 10−1 S/m electrical conductivity, and retains 82% of the tensile strength of pure LLDPE. The facile and green process in this method can be applied in many other polymer composites and show high potential for industrial application.