bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Advantages of Abdominal Compression with Shallow Breathing During Left-sided Postmastectomy Radiotherapy by Helical Tomotherapy
Authors: Pratoomchart Chalardchay , Klunklin Pitchayaponne , Chitapanarux Imjai , Wanwilairat Somsak , Nobnop Wannapha , Kittidachanan Kittikun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundLeft-sided post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) certainly precedes some radiation dose to the cardiopulmonary organs causing many side effects. To reduce the cardiopulmonary dose, we created a new option of the breathing adapted technique by using abdominal compression applied with a patient in deep inspiration phase utilizing shallow breathing. This study aimed to compare the use of abdominal compression with shallow breathing (ACSB) with the free breathing (FB) technique in the left-sided PMRT.MethodsTwenty left-sided breast cancer patients scheduled for PMRT were enrolled. CT simulation was performed with ACSB and FB technique in each patient. All treatment plans were created on a TomoTherapy planning station. The target volume and dose, cardiopulmonary organ volume and dose were analyzed. A linear correlation between cardiopulmonary organ volumes and doses were also tested.ResultsRegarding the target volumes and dose coverage, there were no significant differences between ACSB and FB technique. For organs at risk, using ACSB resulted in a significant decrease in mean (9.17 vs 9.81 Gy, p < 0.0001) and maximum heart dose (43.79 vs 45.45 Gy, p = 0.0144) along with significant reductions in most of the evaluated volumetric parameters. LAD doses were also significantly reduced by ACSB with mean dose 19.24 vs 21.85 Gy (p = 0.0036) and the dose to 2% of the volume (D2%) 34.46 vs 37.33 Gy (p = 0.0174) for ACSB and FB technique, respectively. On the contrary, the lung dose metrics did not show any differences except the mean V5 of ipsilateral lung. The positive correlations were found between increasing the whole lung volume and mean heart dose (p = 0.05) as well as mean LAD dose (p = 0.041) reduction.ConclusionsThe ACSB technique significantly reduced the cardiac dose compared with the FB technique in left-sided PMRT treated by Helical Tomotherapy. Our technique is uncomplicated, well-tolerated, and can be applied in daily clinical practice.Trial registrationThai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR), TCTR20201215008. Registered 14 December 2020 - Retrospectively registered, http:// http://www.clinicaltrials.in.th/ TCTR20201215008
The prevalence and types of coronary artery abnormalities in pediatric patients with Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Mehdizadegan Nima , Saeidi Kholud , Keshavarz Kambiz 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Tetralogy of fallot (TOF) is one of the most common diseases among cyanotic congenital heart diseases which is associated with 2-23% of coronary artery abnormalities. Pre-operation knowledge the anatomy of coronary arteries in patients with TOF eliminates damage to them during surgery and prevents post-operative complications such as myocardial ischemia and heart failure.Materials and methods:This retrospective study was done on all patients with TOF who were referred for diagnostic catheterization and angiography before total surgical correction from 2006-2016. All patients entered the study and all angiographic views including extreme caudal, LAO cranial , and selective coronary artery angiography were evaluated and reviewed accurately.Results: 332 cases of patients with TOF including from one month to 36 years old were reviewed. The prevalence of coronary artery abnormalities among them was 11.4% (38 from 322 individual). 9.1% and 15.3% of males and females had abnormal coronary anomalies but it was not significant statically (p-value: 0.064). In 13 of 38 patients with coronary anomalies , coronary arteries crossed right ventricular out flow tract (RVOT)(3.4%). The most common coronary abnormality was origin of the both main coronary arteries from left sinus of Valsalva.Conclusion:Compared with other populations, the abnormal arteries among the patients with TOF in our study is significant (11.4%) and accurate assessment of their courses is necessary before surgery. Single origin of coronary arteries from the left side was the most common finding in our study too.
Identification of key genes in relapsed multiple myeloma by weighted gene co-expression network analysis
Authors: Cao¹ Lele , Meng¹ Ye , Huang Rui , Wang Xiaoxue , Qin Hui 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Multiple myeloma is a hematologic disorder of abnormal plasma cell proliferation. Although there are some agents with different mechanisms in the clinic, the treatment of multiple myeloma is still challenging for the reason that its recurrence and progression are common. Therefore, it is critical to determine novel biomarkers to improve the prognosis of patients.
Methods

Firstly, raw data of GSE82307 was collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Secondly, the top 50% of most variant genes were employed to construct a gene co-expression network in the R.WGCNA algorithm, and module significance and module membership were utilized to identify hub modules and hub genes respectively. The gene ontology enrichment and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis were carried out to assess biological characteristics. Then a protein-protein interaction network was conducted based on the STRING website and Cytoscape software. Next, differentially expressed genes were analyzed using the limma R package. Finally, survival analysis was performed by Kaplan–Meier plotter to evaluate prognosis.
Results

10826 genes were used to construct a co-expression network. In this network, the blue module was identified as a hub module in which 68 genes were identified as hub genes. Furthermore, 46 differentially expressed genes were screened in samples of GSE82307. Integrating hub genes and differentially expressed genes, we determined 14 key genes. Finally, survival analysis revealed that ten genes CDCA5, CEP55, HJURP, CDC20, FOXM1, RRM2, TTK, CENPE, SKA1, NUF2 were related to the relapse and prognosis of multiple myeloma.
Conclusion

Our study suggested that CDCA5, CEP55, HJURP, CDC20, FOXM1, RRM2, TTK, CENPE, SKA1, NUF2 may be potential biomarkers for predicting the relapse and prognosis of multiple myeloma.
Regional prevalence and socioeconomic inequalities in infant care practices: evidence from 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Ekholuenetale Michael , Arora Amit , Barrow Amadou 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The effects of breastfeeding practices on children’s health are undoubtedly of great interest worldwide. However, there is inequalities in the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) and mother and newborn skin-to-skin contact (SSC) in many resource-constrained settings. The aim of this study was to explore regional prevalence and examine the socioeconomic inequalities in EBF, EIBF and SSC in Nigeria.Methods: Data on 2,936 infants under six months old were extracted from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) to determine EBF. In addition, data from 21,569 children were analyzed for EIBF and SSC. Concentration index (CI) and concentration curve were used to measure socioeconomic inequalities in EBF, EIBF and SSC.Results: The prevalence of EBF, EIBF and SSC were 31.8%, 44.2% and 12.1% respectively. Furthermore, Ogun State had the highest prevalence of EBF (71.4%); while Bayelsa State had the highest prevalence of SSC (67.8%) and EIBF (96.2%) respectively. Urban dwellers had higher prevalence of EBF, SSC and EIBF across household wealth quintile and by levels of mothers’ education in contrast to their rural counterparts. We quantiﬁed the degree of wealth-related and mothers education inequalities in EBF, SSC and EIBF. There were pro-rich EBF (CI = 0.118; p< 0.001), EIBF (CI = 0.103; p=0.002) and SSC (CI = 0.152; p< 0.001) respectively. Also, EBF (CI = 0.157; p< 0.001), EIBF (CI = 0.091; p< 0.001) and SSC (CI = 0.156; p< 0.001) were significantly more concentrated among mothers with higher educational attainment. The test for differences between urban versus rural was significant in EBF, SSC and EIBF by mothers educational attainment. But this was only significant in EIBF by household wealth respectively.Conclusion: Socioeconomic status determined breastfeeding practices and SSC in Nigeria. Breastfeeding practices interventions should target all mothers, especially those of low socioeconomic status and to ensure improvements in baby friendly initiatives.
Game Designer als Akteure der politischen Bildung
Authors: Czauderna André , Budke Alexandra 
Published: January 2021

Viele digitale Spiele enthalten – auch wenn sie primär für Unterhaltungszwecke konzipiert wurden – Anknüpfungspunkte für die politische Bildung. So erlauben sie z. B. ihren Spielerinnen und Spielern, in die Rolle politischer Entscheidungsträger zu schlüpfen und sich mit Themen wie Stadtentwicklung, Migration, Ressourcenkonflikte oder Klimawandel zu beschäftigen, welche u. a. für die politische Bildung im Geographieunterricht eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Es ist dementsprechend konsequent, ihre Designerinnen und Designer nicht nur als Akteurinnen und Akteure der Kulturindustrie, sondern auch als solche der politischen Bildung anzusehen. Der vorliegende Beitrag rekonstruiert aus medienpädagogischer und geographiedidaktischer Perspektive mithilfe einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse von neun leitfadengestützten Interviews mit Game Designerinnen und Designern von Unterhaltungsspielen, wie diese ihre Rolle als Akteurinnen und Akteure der politischen Bildung wahrnehmen. Insbesondere wird herausgearbeitet, dass ihre Haltung zum Design politischer Entscheidungssituationen weitgehend an den Massstäben des Beutelsbacher Konsenses – d. h. dem Überwältigungsverbot, dem Kontroversitätsgebot und der Interessenorientierung – gemessen werden kann. Gleichwohl muss der Einsatz kommerzieller Spiele in der politischen Bildung in jedem Einzelfall kritisch reflektiert und pädagogisch begleitet werden. Da sich ihre Designerinnen und Designer in ihrer Rolle als Akteurinnen und Akteure der Kulturindustrie – die keinen Bildungsauftrag, aber Kunstfreiheit umfasst – in erster Linie der Unterhaltung ihrer Zielgruppe verpflichtet fühlen müssen, können ihre Produkte nicht genauso streng nach didaktischen Kriterien bewertet werden wie speziell für die politische Bildung erstellte Materialien. Eine kritische Reflexion der Spiele in der politischen Bildung sollte sich u. a. auch dem von den meisten Designerinnen und Designern selbst gesehenen «Demokratiedefizit» der Spiele, das sich z. B. in der Vernachlässigung der intersubjektiven Aushandlung von Entscheidungen darstellt, widmen.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Health-seeking behaviour among Patients with Tuberculosis: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Onyango Peggy Achieng , Ter Goon Daniel , Rala Ntombana Mc’ Deline 
Published: January 2021

Background:
South Africa is hugely overburdened with the cases of Tuberculosis (TB); individual’s lack of knowledge, attitude towards the disease and delays in health-seeking behaviour, are indirectly associated with death. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and treatment of TB, and further examined the health-seeking behaviour of TB patients.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study involved 327 conveniently selected participants with TB from three community health centres in Nelson Mandela Bay Health District, Eastern Cape, South Africa. A close-ended questionnaire was used to collect demographic details, knowledge, attitude and health-seeking behaviour variables. Descriptive and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Statistical significance was considered at alpha <0.05 and a confidence interval of 95%.

Results: The majority of these TB patients indicated that cold air (76.5%), a dusty environment (85.9%), TB bacteria in the air (88.4%), and smoking (84.7%) had caused the disease. About 87.2% of the respondents indicated that TB treatment duration took six months or longer. Participants thought that follow-up sputum tests are an important part of TB treatment (70.6%); non-adherence to TB treatment might lead to drug-resistant TB or death (80%); TB disease could turn into HIV if not properly treated (77.4%) and that individuals with TB disease have HIV (59.9%). About 56.9% participants felt that TB treatment is difficult, takes a long time, is unpleasant, interferes with work or marriage, and people who drink and smoke are to blame for its spread (60.6%). The majority of the participants (74.0%) disagreed with TB being an African disease and 53.5% did not associate TB with poverty. The majority of the participants (92%) indicated that follow-ups at clinics were avoided because of stigmatisation. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the informal housing scheme was a statistically significant (p<0.05) factor determining the correct knowledge of TB (AOR=0.556; 95% CI: 0.316-0.977). There was a statistically significant association among TB knowledge, attitude and health-seeking behaviour.

Conclusion:
The participants generally had good knowledge about TB; however, there were misconceptions regarding its spread by cold air and dusty environments. The majority of participants did not attend follow-up TB treatment because of fear of stigmatisation. Formal settlements are associated with the correct knowledge of TB. Measures aimed at addressing the misconceptions about TB and its treatment are needed.
Public-Private Partnership Evaluation Models: Perspectives from the Public Governance to Defend the Public Interest
Authors: Matos Nyalle Barboza , Gonçalves Andréa de Oliveira 
Published: January 2021

The widespread use of Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) has resulted in the identification of a number of issues related to lack of governance and inefficient assessments of the quality of service provided. In this context, the objective of this research is to identify the characteristics and conditions used to implement governance mechanisms that ensure the public interest in existing PPP contracts. Based on previous governance research, this study integratively categorized nine governance mechanisms based on the three principles established by the OECD (2012): Clear and Legitimate Institutional Framework; Rationale for proper VfM assessment and Transparent and Healthy Budget Process. The contribution of this research is to systematize the relevant literature on the subject, clarifying the complexity of these issues and offering new theoretical insights to identify the characteristics and conditions used as Value for Money governance and valuation mechanisms, capable of making a difference in the success and evaluation of PPPs in the public interest aspect.
Impact of Aerobic Exercise and Yoga Asanas along with Diet Supplements on Haemoglobin Level among Female Collegiate
Authors: G.Tharani  , G.Preethi  , K.Kamatchi  , G.Yuvarani  , G.Vaishnavi  , S.Jenifer Augustina  
Published: January 2021

Haemoglobin is a conjugate iron containing protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs during all body functions. In India, anaemia is a widespread condition, due to lack of haemoglobin in children, non-pregnant women, and pregnant women. Anaemia increases the risk of death during pregnancy and leads to fatigue, poor motor and mental performance in adolescent girls. Recent literature also suggests an independent association of chronic anaemia with increased mortality in a variety of conditions including chronic kidney disease, heart failure, acute coronary syndromes and acute stroke. Hence, it is necessary to prevent the occurrence and progression of anaemia from mild to a severe form in young girls. Although the current medical management is effective in improving the Hb level, researches have found few adverse effects due to the high dose usage of such medications. Thus, this study intended to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise versus yoga along with diet supplement on the haemoglobin level. 20 female collegiate between 17 to 22 years with a BMI range of 20-25 kg/m2 and haemoglobin level from 8 to 11.5g/dl participated in this study. 10 subjects in Group A performed moderate intensity aerobic exercise and 10 subjects in Group B performed yoga asanas for 1 hour in the morning for 2 months after taking 5 grams jaggery and raisins. The result of this study suggested that both aerobic activity and yoga asanas along with raisins and jaggery helped to speed up the Hb synthesis and reduce mental and physical fatigue.
Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors Versus Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists in Older Adults
Authors: Patorno Elisabetta , Pawar Ajinkya , Bessette Lily G. , Kim Dae H. , Dave Chintan , Glynn Robert J. , Munshi Medha N. , Schneeweiss Sebastian , Wexler Deborah J. , Kim Seoyoung C. 
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVEBoth sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) demonstrated cardiovascular benefits in randomized controlled trials of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) generally &lt;65 years old and mostly with cardiovascular disease. We aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness and safety of SGLT2i and GLP-1RA among real-world older adults.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSUsing Medicare data (April 2013–December 2016), we identified 90,094 propensity score–matched (1:1) T2D patients ≥66 years old initiating SGLT2i or GLP-1RA. Primary outcomes were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (i.e., myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death) and hospitalization for heart failure (HHF). Other outcomes included diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), genital infections, fractures, lower-limb amputations (LLA), acute kidney injury (AKI), severe urinary tract infections, and overall mortality. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and rate differences (RDs) per 1,000 person-years, controlling for 140 baseline covariates.RESULTSCompared with GLP-1RA, SGLT2i initiators had similar MACE risk (HR 0.98 [95% CI 0.87, 1.10]; RD −0.38 [95% CI −2.48, 1.72]) and reduced HHF risk (HR 0.68 [95% CI 0.57, 0.80]; RD −3.23 [95% CI −4.68, −1.77]), over a median follow-up of ∼6 months. They also had 0.7 more DKA events (RD 0.72 [95% CI 0.02, 1.41]), 0.9 more LLA (RD 0.90 [95% CI 0.10, 1.70]), 57.1 more genital infections (RD 57.08 [95% CI 53.45, 60.70]), and 7.1 fewer AKI events (RD −7.05 [95% CI −10.27, −3.83]) per 1,000 person-years.CONCLUSIONSAmong older adults, those taking SGLT2i had similar MACE risk, decreased HHF risk, and increased risk of DKA, LLA, and genital infections versus those taking GLP-1RA.
Weight Distribution of Some Codewords of 3-ary Linear Code over GF(27)‎
Authors: Ibrahim Maha Majeed , Al-Zangana Emad Bakr 
Published: January 2021

This paper is devoted to introduce the structure of the p-ary linear codes C(n,q) of points and lines of PG(n,q),q=p^h prime. When p=3, the linear code C(2,27) is given with its generator matrix and also, some of weight distributions are calculated.
PENERAPAN PROTOKOL COVID-19 DALAM PENGELOLAAN KAWASAN AGROWISATA BERBASIS ECOTOURISM DI MASA PANDEMI
Authors: Karlina Nina , Muhafidin Didin , Susanti Elisa 
Published: January 2021

Abstrak Pengabdian Pada Masyaraka ditujukan untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada pengelola agrowisata maupun kepada masyarakat luas akan pentingnya penerapan protokol kesehatan covid-19 di objek wisata pada era transisi seperti sekarang ini. Protokol kesehatan covid – 19 ini sangat penting untuk diterapkan oleh pengelola dan penting untuk dipatuhi oleh masyarakat sebagai pengunjung tempat wisata. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan di 4 (empat) objek agrowisata yaitu Asia Farm - Pekanbaru, Taman Celosia Desa Gunung Keling, Desa wisata Cireong dan Desa wisata Cihideung. Program ini, diawali dengan identifikasi awal mengenai permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan penerapan protokol covid-19 di Asia Farm - Pekanbaru, Taman Celosia Desa Gunung Keling, Desa wisata Cireong dan Desa wisata Cihideung. Hasil identifikasi yang didapatkan dari wawancara dan observasi menunjukan bahwa pengelola Asia Farm - Pekanbaru, Taman Celosia Desa Gunung Keling, Desa wisata Cireong dan Desa wisata Cihideung belum siap untuk menyambut pengunjung dengan menerapkan protokol covid -19. Begitupun dengan wisatawan yang berkunjung, tidak terlalu memperdulikan protokol kesehatan covid -19 yang dapat diterapkan secara pribadi. Dalam menanggapi hal tersebut, maka pengabdian ini menyampaikan tentang pentingnya pariwisata berbasis ecoutoursm yaitu menikmati dan menghargai keindahan alam dengan meminimalisir dampak negatif dari pengunjung, dan memberikan kesempatan bagi masyarakat lokal untuk terlibat aktif dalam sosial-ekonomi serta penerapan protocol covid di tempat pariwisata khususnya di agrowisata. Dengan Pengabdian ini maka diharapkan dapat memberikan pengetahuan serta menumbuhkan kesadaran baik kepada pengelola agrowisata maupun masyarakat secara umum. Adapun program kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah dengan membuat program webinar “pentingnya penerapan protokol covid”, video edukasi dan promosi “berwisata saat pandemi ?” serta instagram story “pamflet tentang protokol covid-19 saat berwisata/ bepergian.”
Fraseografia: perspectivas históricas, contemporâneas e grau de autonomia
Authors: Da Cruz Thyago José 
Published: January 2021

A Fraseografia é uma disciplina linguística que se dedica à análise, tratamento e inserção de unidades fraseológicas em dicionários, tanto os reconhecidos como fraseológicos, como nos demais repertórios lexicográficos (glossários, dicionários gerais, vocabulários, dentre outros). Por esta natureza, é possível perceber a estreita relação que pode estabelecer com outras duas áreas, isto é, a Fraseologia e a Lexicografia. Diante disso, questiona-se até que ponto a Fraseografia já possui uma autonomia, tornando-se independente dessas duas esferas de pesquisa. Este trabalho, portanto, além de traçar alguns aspectos da historiografia fraseográfica e quantificar trabalhos mais recentes nessa área, tenta atestar qual o grau de independência e de consolidação desse ramo nos estudos linguísticos realizados no Brasil.
Analysis Factors Affect of Murabahah Margin in Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia
Authors: Nisa Ainun 
Published: January 2021

Financing with the murabahah contract becomes the most dominating because murabahah contract is easier to use because it is obvious the split, does not require a complex analysis that benefit both parties between Islamic banks and customers. So that murabahah financing becomes the main product in Islamic banking in Indonesia. The research purpose to analysis and determine a direct effect of operating expense and third fund party to murabahah margin in sharia commercial banks in Indonesia. The period use in this research is 5 years, starting from 2014 to 2018. The type of this research was an causal research to show the direction in the relation between operating expense and third fund party to murabahah margin also to measure the strength of the relation between two or more variables. The population in this research a number of 14 islamic commercial banks that have been and are still registered with the Financial Services Authority in 2014 to 2018. The data analysis technique used in purposive sampling and obtained a sample of 12 islamic commercial banks. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression using eviews version 9. The results showed that the operating expense had a negative and significant effect on murabahah margin and third fund party had a positive and significant effect on murabahah margin.