bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN LIFE COURSE ADVERSITIES AND SUBJECTIVE VIEWS ON AGING
Authors: Nakagawa Takeshi , Ito Daisuke , Yasumoto Saori 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recent research indicates that how individuals perceive their own aging may be influenced by negative life events or adversities in early life, such as war (Korniek et al., 2024). However, little is known about whether and when the impacts of adversities become salient across the lifespan. This study examined the associations between life course adversities and subjective views on aging. Data was derived from a nationally representative survey of Japanese older adults aged 60 years and above. Life course adversities (including occurrence and age at first occurrence) were measured retrospectively in 2006. Subjective views on aging and covariates (including sociodemographic, social, and health-related factors) were measured in 1996. A total of 782 participants (60-84 years at baseline; female 54.2%) completed the two surveys. Of these participants, 88.9% experienced at least one adversity in their lifetime. We conducted multiple linear regression analysis to examine the associations of life course adversities, classified as childhood (ages 0-12), adolescence (ages 13-19), young adulthood (ages 20-34), midlife (ages 35-54), and older adulthood (ages 55+), with subjective views on aging. We found that, while individuals who experienced more adversities in older adulthood perceived their own aging as more negative (Beta = -.076, p = 0.035), those who experienced more adversities in childhood perceived their own aging as more positive (Beta =.095, p = 0.009). Results suggest that adversities at different ages may have differential effects on subjective experiences in late life. Further examinations are required to better understand the resilience and vulnerability of older adults.
BIOMARKERS OF HEALTH AND AGING IN A COHORT OF VIETNAMESE ADULTS AGED 60 AND OLDER
Authors: Tennyson Robert , Martin Melanie , Pan Tiffany , Korinek Kim , Zimmer Zachary , Cohen Alan A , Tran Toan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
War and traumatic events have negative health impacts across the life course, and most wars are situated in lower- and middle-income countries, where many survivors are now or will soon be entering old age. To date, however, most aging research has focused on health effects in high-income countries, neglecting the burdens of war exposure for the broader global population. The Vietnam Health and Aging Study (VHAS), a longitudinal study of 2,447 individuals aged 60+, investigates how stress and trauma experienced during the American War impacts health and aging of Vietnamese survivors. Using biomarker and anthropometric data collected in 2021-2022, we examined associations of recruitment characteristics (age, sex, district, military participation) with select cardiometabolic and inflammatory biomarkers (e.g., C-reactive protein [CRP], Interleukin-6 [IL-6]). Preliminary analyses revealed variation in associations of key demographic and outcome measures. Hypertensive risks were significantly higher for males, and overweight/obesity (OW/OB) risk significantly higher for females, whereas age was positively associated with hypertensive risk and inversely associated with OW/OB risk. Hypertensive risk was lower for those with formal military experience, while proinflammatory markers (i.e., CRP, IL-6) increased with age but did not vary by sex or military participation. District residence, which reflects differences in bombing intensity during the war, showed varied associations with inflammatory and cardiometabolic biomarkers. These findings suggest inflammatory and cardiometabolic risks are not uniformly coupled across participants in this study, underscoring the complexities of how prior war trauma interacts with other factors to influence health and well-being during aging.
CAN NUDGES REDUCE THE SHARING OF MISINFORMATION ONLINE? EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE ACROSS THE LIFESPAN
Authors: Moore Ryan , Chu Li , Hancock Jeffrey , Carstensen Laura 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Observational data on online behavior indicates that older adults are more likely to share misinformation than younger adults. Thus, identifying scalable strategies to reduce older adults’ sharing of misinformation is imperative. This study investigates the potential for 1-sentence text-based nudges appearing alongside online news to reduce intentions to share misinformation. A lifespan sample of American adults (aged 18-99, M=49.1, SD=20.8) was shown online news headlines fact-checked as true or false by professional fact-checkers and asked about their intentions to share each headline. Alongside each headline, participants saw nudges that varied in two ways: (1) whether they were emotionally meaningful or not and (2) whether they were presented in a novel manner or not. Drawing on socioemotional selectivity theory, which posits that as people’s time horizons shrink they prioritize emotional meaning, we expected that emotionally meaningful nudges would be more likely to reduce older adults’ sharing of misinformation. Interestingly, in contrast to studies based on online behavioral data, we found that in a survey context older adults were less likely to report intentions to share misinformation online than younger adults, even after controlling for baseline sharing tendencies and other covariates. We found that novel nudges were more effective than non-novel nudges at reducing intentions to share misinformation across all ages, and that novel nudges were more effective than accuracy nudges, another popular intervention (Pennycook et al. 2021). Emotionally meaningful nudges were not more effective for older adults. This study draws implications for designing effective interventions against misinformation sharing across the lifespan.
CARING FOR ONE, TWO, OR THREE GENERATIONS? PREVALENCE OF VARIOUS CAREGIVING ROLES AND CAREGIVER CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Zan Hua , Yancura Loriena , Barnett Melissa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With increasing diversification in household composition and living arrangements over recent decades, the roles of family caregivers have become more complex, sometimes requiring individuals to assume multiple caregiving responsibilities such as caring for both grandchildren and older parents. While caregiving can be a rewarding experience, it can negatively affect caregiver well-being, especially for those providing high-intensity care. Given that family caregivers are the backbone of our care system, it is crucial to understand who these caregivers are and their health and wellbeing. This study provides a profile of U.S. intergenerational caregivers using data from 2018 RAND Health and Retirement Study (HRS) family files and HRS core public files. We estimate the prevalence of four different caregiver types (i.e., caring for older parents only, spouses only, grandchildren only, and those filling more than one caregiving role) overall and by socio-demographic characteristics. We also compare the socio-demographic characteristics and health outcomes (e.g., self-reported health and depression) of different caregiver types to non-caregivers. Our results showed that one in three adults age 50 or older were caregivers, the majority of which only cared for one generation: grandchildren, spouses, or older adults. Approximately 14% of caregivers cared for multiple types of family members. Caregiver profiles and health outcomes vary by caregiver type. For example, spousal caregivers had the highest depression score compared to individuals only caring for grandchildren or older parents and those filling more than one caregiving role. This knowledge is essential for establishing a foundation for targeted interventions to support caregivers.
CHALLENGES AND INSIGHTS: EVALUATING LIFE STORY WORK’S ROLE IN DEMENTIA CARE POST-PANDEMIC
Authors: DiFranco Lacey , Orsulic-Jeras Silvia , Powers Sara , Sanders Lisbeth 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Decades of research have demonstrated that life story work can be an invaluable tool for residential care staff and individuals living with dementia. This study examines outcomes from 53 residential care staff (Mage=46.2 years, 92.5% female) implementing LifeBio Memory™ – an application that utilizes voice recorded interviews and artificial intelligence to automate production of resident story books and resources. In a pre-and post-intervention analysis utilizing resident proxy and staff evaluations, we observed an interesting distinction between the importance of person-centered care at the individual versus organizational level. We found a significant increase from baseline to follow-up among staff reporting they knew the resident’s life story [t(105) = -10.24, p &lt;.001] and care preferences [t(106) = -8.91, p &lt;.001] better after implementing the intervention. However, when asked about their feelings about and ability to provide person-centered care at their organization, staff reported a significant decrease from baseline (M = 39.70, SD = 5.54) to follow-up (M = 37.96, SD = 6.99) [t(52) = -1.42, p = 0.033]. More importantly, staff that reported higher agreeance to providing personalized care, also reported stronger organizational support at baseline (r = 0.427, p =.001) and follow-up (r = 0.606, p &lt;.001). Additional feedback revealed organizational culture and direction for utilizing materials varied, and care facilities prioritized personal care over socialization and engagement when short-staffed. Discussion will focus on the role of organizational support for sustaining the use of life story materials in the provision of person-centered care within residential care settings.
DAILY VARIABILITY OF MULTI-DIMENSIONAL SUBJECTIVE AGE ACROSS THE ADULT LIFE-COURSE: IMPACT OF SCORING METHODS
Authors: Zhou Shally , Brady Brooke , Zheng Lidan , Anstey Kaarin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Subjective age (SA), measured as how old you feel, is associated with positive health and developmental outcomes. Despite the increased use of multi-dimensional items, there is great heterogeneity in how it is implemented. SA measures often use different scoring methods which may impact subsequent analyses and interpretations. To understand the daily fluctuations of multi-dimensional SA and evaluate the impact of scoring differences, 210 participants aged 18 to 84 (M = 54.50, SD = 18.03, 60.95% female) reported six SAs over two week-long bursts of daily surveys. Common SA scoring methods including raw, discrepancy, proportional and composite average scores were compared. Multi-level models demonstrate chronological age is a significant predictor for all scoring methods across all SA dimensions. Examining raw and discrepancy scores, younger participants felt older than their chronological age, but this difference decreased and reversed with increasing age leading to older participants feeling younger. Proportional scores reveal the percentage difference between felt SA and chronological age reduced 0.17% every year, indicating felt discrepancies were largest at both extremes of the sample. Furthermore, intercepts and significant associations varied across scoring methods and SA dimensions for sex, expectations regarding aging, self-perceptions of aging, daily stress, and daily positive and negative affect. Exploring multi-dimensional SA provides deeper insights into life-course variability, and a more nuanced understanding of ageing. Scoring approaches led to somewhat different interpretations in a life-course sample. Future studies are encouraged to consider the study’s design and main research question when determining the most appropriate questions and scoring method.
DAY-TO-DAY CHANGES IN A SIMPLIFIED MEDITERRANEAN DIET: IMPLICATIONS FOR NEXT DAY COGNITIVE FUNCTION
Authors: Parker Kelly , Hamm Jeremy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Although individual differences in Mediterranean diet (MD) have been linked to better cognitive functioning over extended periods of time, little is known about day-to-day fluctuations in MD adherence and how it may influence daily cognitive functioning. This daily diary study examined a simplified Mediterranean diet (sMD) and its impact on cognitive functioning the following day over the course of one week. Participants (N=217, Mage = 54±15, 65% female) completed daily surveys and cognitive tasks over one week to measure their daily adherence to the sMD and their daily cognitive function. Lagged multilevel models assessed the impact of (within-person centered) daily sMD on next day cognitive functions that included episodic memory, executive functioning, and processing speed. Age, sex, income, education, and race were controlled in all models. Results showed that on days following higher than usual adherence to the sMD, participants had faster processing speed (b = -45.10, p &lt; 0.01) and greater letter fluency (b = 0.49, p = 0.04) than on days after lower than usual sMD adherence. These findings show that day-to-day shifts in sMD adherence have implications for lagged changes in cognition for middle-aged and older adults, suggesting even small changes in sMD add up and could contribute to improved cognitive aging over time. Small, but simple changes such as increasing fruit, vegetable, and fish intake and reducing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption may thus result in improved cognitive functioning even over very brief time periods.
DECISION TO SCREEN: CAREGIVERS VOICES IN MAMMOGRAPHY DECISION-MAKING WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Crouch Adele , Fowler Nicole 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The USPSTF recommends mammograms through 74 years old and data suggest that individuals should have a life expectancy of 10 years for a mortality benefit. Mammography beyond 75 may increase burden and risk of overdiagnosis and overtreatment; dementia may exacerbate this burden. Despite guidelines and changing risks and benefits, many over 75 who have life limiting illnesses receive mammograms; it’s unclear what motivates these decisions. Therefore, this descriptive qualitative analysis explored dementia caregivers descriptions about the decision to undergo or not undergo mammography screening for their relatives with dementia. Sixty dyads from an IRB-approved study on mammography decision-making completed interviews. Regarding the decision to screen, a main theme emerged: unconscious choice. Sub-themes included: 1) automatic reoccurring event; 2) healthcare provider recommended; 3) hospital/healthcare organization recommended, 4) family history. Some identified it as an automatic reoccurring event (“It was needed for general health, and it’s something that we do in our household religiously.”). In consultation with a healthcare provider some decided to proceed with mammograms (“Her doctor said it was time for her annual mammogram and he would schedule it”). Numerous were prompted to receive a mammogram by a hospital/healthcare organization (“We received a reminder in the mail that it was time for me, and it was time for her, and I just made the appointment. There was no discussion.”). Lastly, participants identified that their family history of cancer prompted them. Overall, many participants may not have recognized mammography as a choice.
DEMENTIA DIAGNOSIS, HEALTHCARE USE, AND OUTMIGRATION OF OLDER ADULTS IN PUERTO RICO AFTER HURRICANE MARIA
Authors: Kim Jeung Hyun , Lee Yoojin , Liao Yanru , Rivera-Hernandez Maricruz 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Puerto Rico’s historic net migration loss spiked after Hurricane Maria, which devastated its economy and health system (e.g., from 1.4% to 3.4% outmigration among all Puerto Rican Medicare beneficiaries and about 60% increase in the net-migration loss before/after September 2017). This research examined whether the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) among the older adults in Puerto Rico associated with their decision to migrate to the U.S. mainland, particularly after the year of the Hurricane. The data was derived from the Master Beneficiary Summary File (MBSF), and focused on fee-for-service enrollees in Puerto Rico (n=72,117 from the MBSF 2017/67,985 from the MBSF 2018). Logistic regression showed that older adults who were diagnosed with ADRD were significantly more likely to move to the mainland compared to the non-ADRD individuals in 2017 and 2018. In addition, higher levels of healthcare utilization were strongly related to the outmigration decision. When stratified by age (i.e., 65+ or 80+), these associations remained consistent. These results may suggest that older adults with ADRD in Puerto Rico may have moved to the mainland to seek better healthcare (i.e., long-term care) in the years after the Hurricane, and higher levels of their healthcare use may have contributed to their outmigration decisions. While many studies focus on the young generation to capture the Hispanic migration flow to the U.S., our study shows that the complex health needs of older adults, including the very old ones, propel the emerging outmigration trend in Puerto Rico.
DOES LONELINESS MEDIATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EARLY-LIFE ADVERSITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN LATER LIFE?
Authors: Ren Jinnan , Ferraro Kenneth 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Research has consistently linked negative childhood experiences to cognitive decline in later life, but the mechanisms that may mediate this relationship remain unclear. This study explores the influence of early-life adversity (ELA) and loneliness on cognitive function in later life. We analyzed three waves of data (2006-2010) from the Health and Retirement Study (N=10,787) to compare the potential influence of an ELA composite and six distinct ELA domains (SES disadvantage, disruptive home environment, risky parental behavior, chronic disease, impairment, and risky adolescent behavior) on cognitive function in later life. In addition, we examined whether loneliness in later life mediates this relationship using structural equation modeling. We found that the ELA composite was not associated with a decline in cognition two years later. However, in terms of ELA domains, SES disadvantage, disruptive home environment, risky parental behavior, and impairment in childhood are each associated with cognitive function in later life. Further, results indicated that loneliness partially mediated the relationship between two specific ELA domains — (a) disruptive home environment and (b) risky parental behavior — and cognitive function. However, the direct effects of ELA composite and risky adolescent behavior on cognitive function were insignificant, indicating complete mediation by loneliness in these cases. This study demonstrates how loneliness mediates the relationship between certain early-life risk factors and later-life cognitive decline. It highlights the importance of policy interventions aimed at reducing harmful family environments and addressing adolescent behavior issues. Strategies to reduce loneliness in later life may protect cognitive function among older adults.
EFFECTS OF PSYCHOEDUCATION ON BURDEN, DEPRESSION, AND ANXIETY IN DEMENTIA FAMILY CAREGIVERS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Shin Hyeyeon , Wandee Chanchanok , O’Mathuna Donal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As dementia cases rise globally, caregiving becomes increasingly prolonged and demanding compared to other chronic illnesses, leading to heightened risks of caregiver burden, depression, and anxiety. Evaluating psychoeducation is crucial as it provides caregivers with knowledge, coping strategies, and support to manage their mental health and caregiving responsibilities. This review assesses the effectiveness of psychoeducation interventions on caregiver burden, depression, and anxiety among family caregivers of dementia patients. Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO using relevant terms and assessed study quality with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool. We included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) where the control group received usual care or other interventions. We reviewed 23 articles involving 2,651 informal caregivers. All articles evaluated caregiver burden, with 11 studies showing statistically significant reductions. Depression was assessed in 16 articles, with 8 demonstrating statistically significant positive effects, while anxiety was measured in 9 articles, with 4 reporting significant improvements. Among these, one study targeting a specific population showed significant effects on both burden and depression. In another study, although overall depression scores in the intervention group were not statistically significant, a subgroup with scores above the cutoff line showed positive effects, whereas the control group’s outcomes worsened. Overall, 50% of the studies reported significant positive effects of psychoeducation. Despite some studies lacking statistical significance, reductions in scores indicate that psychoeducation can alleviate caregiver burden, depression, and anxiety. Further research and development of targeted interventions for vulnerable populations are needed.
EVALUATING CPLA2 ACTIVITY IN APOE4 CSF AFTER PREVENTE4 DHA SUPPLEMENTATION
Authors: Ogunade Temi , Yassine Hussein , Duro Marlon Vincent 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, neuroinflammation, amyloid plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles. The apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE4) allele is the greatest genetic risk factor for late-onset AD. Most intervention studies involving omega-3 supplements share inconsistent results in APOE4 carriers, calling for a deeper examination of the mechanisms behind its anti-inflammatory properties. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymes are involved in the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids, releasing fatty acids like docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) which modulate intracellular signaling pathways that influence differences in inflammation and lipid metabolism similar to AD pathology. The PreventE4 trial is a randomized, double-blind study that investigates the relationship between the APOE4 genotype and brain DHA delivery. 368 cognitively unimpaired adults with cardiovascular risk factors for dementia are given high DHA supplementation or a placebo. Among the group, 184 participants are APOE4 carriers and 184 are non-APOE4 carriers. The study questions if APOE4 limits DHA delivery to the brain. Our lab has demonstrated that calcium dependent PLA2 activity (cPLA2) is increased in APOE4 carriers with AD dementia. We hypothesize that APOE4 is associated with greater cPLA2 activity in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), resulting in a lower increase in CSF DHA levels after supplementation. I propose to measure cPLA2 activity in CSF samples from PreventE4 participants using a liposomal-based fluorescent assay. The results will provide better insight on how APOE4 complicates responses to DHA supplementation. Knowing this, we will be able to target DHA’s metabolism and identify who benefits most from omega-3 supplementation.