bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maintaining Plasmodium Falciparum Gametocyte Infectivity During Blood Collection and Transport for Mosquito Feeding Assays in the Field
Authors: Soumare Harouna M. , Guelbeogo Wamdaogo Moussa , Vegte-Bolmer Marga van-de , Gemert Geert-Jan van , Soumanaba Zongo Soumanaba , Ouedraogo Alphonse , Ouattara Maurice S. , Abdullahi Ahmad , Jadama Lamin , Camara Muhammed M. , Gaye Pa Modou , Mendy Michael , Davis Nwakanma , Tiono Alfred B. , D’Alessandro Umberto , Drakeley Chris , Bousema Teun , Moreno Marta , Collins Katharine 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMosquito feeding assays using venous blood are commonly used for evaluating the transmission potential of malaria infected individuals. To improve the accuracy of these assays, care must be taken to prevent premature activation or inactivation of gametocytes before they are fed to mosquitoes. This can be challenging in the field where infected individuals and insectary facilities are sometimes very far apart. In this study, a simple, reliable, field applicable method is presented for storage and transport of gametocyte infected blood using a thermos flask. MethodsThe optimal storage conditions for maintaining the transmissibility of gametocytes were determined initially using cultured Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in standard membrane feeding assays (SMFAs). The impact of both the internal thermos water temperature (35.5 – 37.8°C), and the external environmental temperature (room temp – 42°C) during long-term (4hr) storage, and the impact of short-term temperature changes (room temp – 40°C) during membrane feeding assays was assessed. The optimal conditions were then evaluated in direct membrane feeding assays (DMFAs) in Burkina Faso and The Gambia where blood from naturally infected gametocyte carriers was offered to mosquitoes immediately and after storage in thermos flasks. ResultsUsing cultured gametocytes in SMFAs it was determined that an internal thermos water temperature of 35.5°C and storage of the thermos flask between RT (~21.3°C) and 32°C was optimal for maintaining transmissibility of gametocytes for 4 hours. Short-term storage of the gametocyte infected blood at temperatures up to 38°C (range: RT, 30°C and 38°C) did not have a negative effect on gametocyte infectivity. Using samples from natural gametocyte carriers (47 from Burkina Faso and 16 from The Gambia), the prevalence of infected mosquitoes and the intensity of oocyst infection was maintained when gametocyte infected blood was stored in a thermos flask in water at 35.5°C for up to 4 hours.ConclusionsThis study determines the optimal long-term (4 hours) storage temperature for gametocyte infected blood and the external environment temperature range within which gametocyte infectivity is unaffected. This will improve the accuracy, reproducibility, and utility of DMFAs in the field, and permit reliable comparative assessments of malaria transmission epidemiology in different settings.
Predictors of Physical and Mental Health in Healthcare Teams Working With COVID-19 Patients: A Scoping Review Protocol.
Authors: Aguirre-Duarte Nelson Alberto , Ovretveit John , Kenealy Timothy 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
IntroductionAs a result of the current pandemic (COVID-19), many clinical teams are exposed to stressful situations that may lead to physical and mental issues for clinical staff themselves (we exclude the effects of personal infection with the virus). Recent studies suggest some predictors could depend on context, notably country and the type of the health system. Methods and AnalysisThis protocol was follows using the PRISMA-ScR guideline (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews), which was revised and approved by the research team. This study aims to identify factors and evidence of the physical, behavioural and mental consequences of sustained clinical practice in a continuing pandemic. Our research seeks to fill this gap in the literature, and the results may suggest to governments, healthcare authorities and healthcare providers appropriate measures to mitigate risks to healthcare workers during a pandemic response.Dissemination and ethicsThe current research design is based on the use of publicly available information and does not require ethical approval. The findings will be disseminated in conferences. Results will be published and additionally shared with relevant local and national authorities.
Surgical Resection Significantly Promotes the Overall Survival of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Hsieh Pei-Min , Lin Hung-Yu , Hung Chao-Ming , Lo Gin-Ho , Lu I-Cheng , Lee Chih-Yuan , Wu Tsung-Chin , Yeh Jen-Hao , Hsiao Pojen , Li Yu-Chan , Wang Ya-Chin , Hsieh Kun-Chou , Chen Yaw-Sen , Lin Chih-Wen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The benefits of surgical resection (SR) for various Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. We investigated the risk factors of overall survival (OS) and survival benefits of SR over nonsurgical treatments in patients with HCC of various BCLC stages.Methods: Overall, 2316 HCC patients were included, and their clinicopathological data and OS were recorded. OS was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analysis. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed.Results: In total, 66 (2.8%), 865 (37.4%), 575 (24.8%) and 870 (35.0%) patients had BCLC stage 0, A, B, and C disease, respectively. Furthermore, 1302 (56.2%) of all patients, and 37 (56.9%), 472 (54.6%), 313 (54.4%) and 480 (59.3%) of patients with BCLC stage 0, A, B, and C disease, respectively, died. The median follow-up duration time was 20 (range 0-96) months for the total cohort and was subdivided into 52 (8-96), 32 (1-96), 19 (0-84), and 12 (0-79) months for BCLC stages 0, A, B, and C cohorts, respectively. The risk factors for OS were 1) SR and cirrhosis; 2) SR, cirrhosis, and Child-Pugh (C-P) class; 3) SR, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and C-P class; and 4) SR, HBV infection, and C-P class for the BCLC stage 0, A, B, and C cohorts, respectively. Compared to non-SR treatment, SR resulted in significantly higher survival rates in all cohorts. The 5-year OS rates for SR vs non-SR were 44.0% vs 28.7%, 72.2% vs 42.6%, 42.6% vs 36.2, 44.6% vs 23.5%, and 41.4% vs 15.3% (all p-values<0.05) in the total and BCLC stage 0, A, B, and C cohorts, respectively. After PSM, SR resulted in significantly higher survival rates compared to non-SR treatment in various BCLC stages.Conclusion: SR conferred significant survival benefits to patients with HCC of various BCLC stages and should be considered a recommended treatment for select HCC patients, especially patients with BCLC stage B and C disease.
Clinical and Pathological Characteristics of Amoxicillin Associated Hemorrhagic Colitis
Authors: Liu Xiao-bo , Xu Wen , Gao Zi-ye , Sun Chuan-tao , Yang Fan , Li De-ping , Li Sheng-bao , Jin Shu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background and objective: Amoxicillin is an antibiotic with various benefits for patients. However, adverse reactionssometimes occur, and the clinical misdiagnosis rate is highbecause some clinicians have limited knowledge regarding this drug. Combined with literature review, this study explores the clinical pathological features of hemorrhagiccolitis caused by amoxicillin to improveits diagnosis and treatment. Methods: “Amoxicillin”, “hemorrhagiccolitis”, “antibioticassociated colitis (AAC) ”, “antibioticassociated hemorrhagic colitis (AAHC) ”were used as the index words to retrieve Pubmed, EMbase, Wanfang Database and Chinese national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI). Related articles were then selected and combined with thepatient information obtained from our department to complete the clinical pathological files.To summarize the clinicopathological data, diagnosis, treatmentof the disease.Results: A total of 19 articles were included in the study. Patients may have abdominal pain, bloody stools or blood in the stool, but generally no anemia.The laboratory tests for hemoglobin (HGB) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) are normal, andC-reactive protein (CRP) is often elevated. Abdominal ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) findings revealed that the intestinal wall wasthickened and presented edema, and some partsexhibited peritoneal effusion.Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy usually has no bleeding changes. A colonoscope was used to reveal the mucosal erosion, mainly found on the right hemicolon and this finding was consistent with acute colitis. The pathology is consistent with acute hemorrhagic colitis.The symptoms were relieved after drug withdrawal and principally with supportive treatment. The patient’s gastrointestinal symptoms usually did not recur.Conclusion: Patients with acute colitis caused by amoxicillingenerally experienced abdominal cramps and bloody stools, but treatment response was good, and follow-up monitoring revealed norecurrence. The history of antibiotic therpy and early total colonoscopy examination are important to establish the correct diagnosis. Klebsiella oxytoca (K. oxytoca) were cultured in fourteen cases, which is described as a causative organism for AAHC.
MARCH1 Interacts with β-Catenin as a New Oncogene for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Nuan , Yang Lijuan , Yan Da , Jia Xingfang , Dai Juanjuan , Wang Aili , Wang Kai , Liu Chengxia 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background:Membrane-associated RING-CH 1 (MARCH1) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that plays an important role in antigen presentation. The latest research found that MARCH1 can either promote or suppress cancer progression in ovarian, liver, and bladder cancers, but its function in gastric cancer has not been addressed. This study aimed to investigate the role of MARCH1 in gastric cancer.Methods:The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to evaluate the expression level and biological function of MARCH1 in gastric cancer. We down-regulated and up-regulated the expression level of MARCH1 in gastric cancer cell line AGS by transfecting siRNAs and overexpression plasmids. Then we detected cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis using CCK-8 assay, transwell chamber assay and flow cytometry respectively. The relationship between MARCH1 and β-catenin was analyzed using western blotting assay. Results:The results showed that the expression of MARCH1 in gastric cancer was elevated and significantly related to clinical stage, tumor grade, and lymph node metastasis. It is worth noting that there was no significant correlation between the increase in MARCH1 expression level and overall survival. In addition, knocking down and upregulating the expression level of MARCH1 significantly affected the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, the study found that MARCH1 and β-catenin positively regulated each other, suggesting that MARCH1 may participate in the malignant biological behavior of tumors through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.Conclusions:In summary, this study shows the function of MARCH1 in the progression of gastric cancer and provides unique insights into the regulatory mechanism of MARCH1 and β-catenin, which indicates that MARCH1 may be a new target molecule for gastric cancer.
Neutralization Diversity of HIV-1 Indian Subtype C Envelopes Obtained From Cross Sectional and Followed up Individuals Against Broadly Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies Having Distinct Gp120 Specificities
Authors: Mullick Ranajoy , Sutar Jyoti , Hingankar Nitin , Deshpande Suprit , Thakar Madhuri , Sahay Seema , Ringe Rajesh , Mukhopadhyay Sampurna , Patil Ajit , Bichare Shubhangi , Murugavel Kailapuri G , Srikrish Aylur K , Goyal Rajat , Sok Devin , Bhattacharya Jayanta 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background. The potential use of the broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bnAbs) towards prophylaxis and treatment to HIV-1 is currently being explored. While a number of promising bnAbs have been discovered and few of them have progressed towards clinical development, their extent of neutralization coverage with respect to global HIV-1 variants given the existence of genetically distinct subtypes and recombinants circulating globally is not clearly known. In the present study, we examined the variation in the neutralization susceptibility of pseudoviruses expressing 71 full length primary HIV-1 subtype C envs obtained from limited cross-sectional individuals over different time points against four bnAbs that target gp120 with distinct specificities: VRC01, CAP256-VRC26.25, PGDM1400 and PGT121. Results. We found significant variations in the susceptibility of Indian clade C to these four bnAbs and were found to be distinct to that observed with that of African subtype C based on the existing datasets and were also found to be concordant with their sequence diversity. Trend analysis indicated an increasing neutralization resistance observed overtime with CAP25-VRC26.25, PGDM1400 and PGT121 when tested on pseudoviruses expressing envs obtained from 1999-2016. Our data was found to be distinct from what was observed in case of African HIV-1 subtype C. However, inconsistent trend in neutralization susceptibility was observed, when pseudoviruses expressing envs obtained from three followed up individuals were examined. Finally, through predictive analysis of the 98 Indian subtype C including those assessed in the present study by employing additive model implemented in CombiNAber (www.hiv.lanl.gov), we observed two possibilities where combinations of three bnAbs (VRC01/CAP56-VRC26.25/PGT121 and PGDM1400/CAP256-VRC26.25/PGT121) could achieve near 100% neutralization coverage. Conclusions. Our findings not only indicate disparate intra-clade C genetic vis-à-vis neutralization diversities but also warrants the need for more comprehensive study using additional isolates towards comparing inter and intra-clade neutralization diversities which will be necessary for selecting the bnAb combinations suitable for optimal coverage of the region-specific HIV-1 circulating subtypes. Expanding these efforts is imperative for designing efficacious bnAb based intervention strategies for India as well as subtype C in general.
Degradation Patterns of GH11 xylanases for Efficiently Hydrolyzing xylan in Aspergillus Niger An76
Authors: Zhang Shu , Zhao Sha , Shang Weihao , Wu Xiuyun , Li Yingjie , Chen Guanjun , Liu Xinli , Wang Lushan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Xylan is the most abundant hemicellulose polysaccharide in nature. Endo-xylanases from GH10 and GH11 families are the most critical xylan degrading enzymes. Filamentous fungi are highly effective xylan degraders and possess numerous xylan degrading isoenzyme-encoding genes, especially Aspergillus niger. Most noteworthy, the amplification of the GH11 xylanase-encoding genes occurs frequently in an organism, but the knowledge of each GH11 xylanases is little known. Results: A. niger An76 encoded a comprehensive set of xylan-degrading enzymes, including five endo-xylanases (one GH10 and four GH11). Quantitative transcriptional analysis showed that three xylanases were up-regulated by xylose substrates, and the order and amount of enzyme secretion differed. Specifically, XynA and XynB were initially secreted successively, followed by XynC. Structural bioinformatics analysis indicated that the different modes of action of the three GH11 xylanases may be due to intricate hydrogen bonding between substrates and functional residues in the active site architectures. Heterologous expression and biochemical characterization of three GH11 xylanases (XynA, XynB and XynD) revealed differences in catalytic performance and product profiles. Furthermore, XynA and XynB displayed obvious synergistic action against beechwood xylan. Conclusions: We investigated subtle differences in the functions of different isoenzymes in the same family using a combination of physiological and biochemical experiments. The transcriptional regulation and catalytic functions of enzymes could be the result of long-term evolutionary adaptation. The finding further expanded our understanding of GH-encoding genes amplification in filamentous fungi, which could guide the design of the optimal enzyme cocktails in industrial applications.
Underlying Genes and Molecular Mechanism of Keloids Investigated by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: LI chuying , Jin Mei-Tong , Luo Yin-Li , Jin Zhe-Hu , PI Long-Quan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: We aimed to identify the overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of keloids distinguished from normal scar and normal skin and relevant underlying mechanism using integrated bioinformatics methods.Methods: The expression profiles of 18 keloid samples, 7 normal skin and 5 normal scar, were obtained from the GSE7890, GSE44270, GSE92566, and GSE3189 datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus database. DEGs were identified using the LIMMA package in R. Gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis was performed using the R software. A DEG-associated protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING and MCODE was used for module analysis of the PPI network. Moreover, the hub genes were verified by qRT-PCR. The predicted DEGs, their regulatory miRNA and TF regulation network was analyzed using miRnet. Results: A total of 978 common DEGs were identified in the keloid samples. Genes with more than 45 interaction degrees, including neuropeptide Y (NPY), opioid receptor mu 1 (OPRM1), cholinergic receptor muscarinic 2 (CHRM2), and proopiomelanocortin (POMC), were found in the PPI network. Hsa-miR-335 and Sp1 as upstream-regulators regulated CHRM2, NPY, and POMC. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that hub genes were commonly enriched in the “G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway” GO_BP termConclusion: Taken together, CHRM2, NPY, POMC, and OPRM1 potentially have crucial roles in keloid disease. Furthermore, miR-335 and Sp1 are potential targets for preventing keloid formation.
Quantitative Profiling of Differentially Produced Oxylipins in Human Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Under Proinflammatory Stimulation
Authors: Wang Dan , Shen Zhengze , Yu Chaoqun , Cheng Lifang , Chen Daorong , Yuan Zhang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: MSCs have been proven to have immune modulation and anti-inflammation capabilities, but the mechanisms are still under investigation. Recently, oxylipins have been identified to be involved in the immuno-regulation function of MSCs. However, the impact of proinflammatory stimulation on the profiles of MSCs derived oxylipins has never been studied.Methods: In the present research, we employed a newly developed UPLC-MS/MS method to identify and quantify the oxylipin profile of ADSCs under proinflammatory stimulation (TNF-α and IFN-𝛾).Results: As a result, among the analyzed 71 oxylipins, we detected and quantified 49 oxylipins derived from six major n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) including arachidonic (AA), linoleic (LA), alpha-linolenic (ALA), dihomo-𝛾-linolenic acid (DGLA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids in all samples, while 4 oxylipins were detected only in a part of samples and 18 were not detected in all samples. Nine oxylipins were found to be significantly differentially produced in ADSCs after 24 hours of inflammatory stimulation, among which, several oxylipins were reported to be having anti-inflammation or proresolving functions and involved in lipid mediator switching.Conclusions: The results reported here make a fundamental step towards a comprehensive characterization of MSCs derived oxylipins as potential modulators of inflammation and immunoreaction.
Risk Factors for Cholesterol Polyp Formation In The Gallbladder - Closely Related to Lipid Metabolism
Authors: Yu Zhihao , Yang Changlin , Bai Xuesong , Yao Guibin , Qian Xia , Gao Wei , Huang Yue , Tian Xiaodong , Cheng Shi , Yamin Zheng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the risk factors for cholesterol polyp formation in the gallbladder. Method This was a multicenter retrospective study based on pathology. From January 2016 to December 2019, patients receiving cholecystectomy and non-polyp participants confirmed by continuous ultrasound follow-ups were reviewed. Patients in the cholesterol polyp group were recruited from three high-volume centers with diagnosis of pathologically confirmed cholesterol polyps larger than 10mm. Population characteristics and medical data were collected within 24 hours of admission before surgery. The non-polyp group included participants from hospital physical examination center database. They had at least two ultrasound examinations with the interval longer than 180 days. Data from the final follow-up of the non-polyp group were analyzed. The risk factors for cholesterol polyp formation were analyzed by comparing the two groups. Results A total of 4 714 participants were recruited, including 376 cholesterol polyp patients and 4 338 non-polyp participants. In univariate analysis, clinical risk factors for cholesterol polyp were age, male gender, higher body mass index (BMI), higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL), lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL), higher aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). In multivariate logistic analysis, independent risk factors were age>50 years (OR=3.41, 95% CI 2.61-4.47, p<0.001), LDL>2.89mmol/L (OR=1.45, 95% CI 1.13-1.87, p=0.003), AST>40IU/L (OR=3.58, 95% CI 2.03-6.31, p<0.001) and BMI>25kg/m² (OR=1.62, 95% CI 1.23-2.13, p<0.001). Conclusion Age, LDL, AST and BMI are strong risk factors for cholesterol polyp formation. Older overweight patients with polyps, accompanied by abnormal lipid levels, are at high risk of cholesterol polyps.
Import and Transmission of Mycobacterium Orygis and Mycobacterium Africanum, Norway
Authors: eldholm vegard and , rønning Janne Oseberg , Mengshoel Anne Torunn , Arnesen Trude 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background : The aim of the current study was to improve our understanding of the origins and transmission of Mycobacterium africanum (MAF) in Norway.Methods : Whole-genome sequences (WGS) were generated for all (n=29) available clinical isolates identified as in Norway in the period 2010 – 2020. Phylogenetic analyses were performed.Results : The analyses indicated multiple imports of MAF lineage 6 from both East and West African countries, whereas MAF lineage 5 was restricted to patients with West African connections. We also find evidence for transmission of MAF in Norway. Finally, our analyses revealed that a group of isolates from patients originating in South Asia, identified as MAF by means of a commercial line-probe assay, in fact belonged to Mycobacterium orygis.Conclusions : Most MAF cases in Norway are the result of import, but transmission is occurring in immigrant communities.