bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sistema para Controle de Velocidade de uma Esteira Transportadora Industrial
Authors: Fernandes Flávia Gonçalves , Santos Neto Erivan de Paula 
Published: June 2021

Dentre as muitas atribuições de um engenheiro eletricista, o controle de sistemas é uma tarefa primordial para o sucesso de um negócio. Esse gerenciamento é fundamental para garantir o controle da produção, reduzir custos, evitar prejuízos e visar lucros. No entanto, gerenciar sistemas de controle é um desafio que pode consumir muito tempo do gestor, inviabilizando outras ações de extrema importância para a produtividade e o crescimento da empresa. Para facilitar esse trabalho, o mercado tem desenvolvido e aperfeiçoado programas que possibilitam esse controle de forma mais simples e funcional. Nessa perspectiva, esse trabalho tem como objetivo utilizar fundamentos de sistemas de controle para ajustar a velocidade desejada de uma esteira transportadora industrial. Para isso, também foram inseridos controladores com ações independentes no sistema: do tipo proporcional (P), proporcional-integral (PI), proporcional-derivativo (PD) e proporcional-integral-derivativo (PID), apresentando os resultados obtidos a partir do desempenho do sistema para cada um dos casos, com suas respectivas discussões e conclusões.
Medical Education in Pathology: General Concepts and Strategies for Implementation
Authors: Koch Lisa K. , Chang Oliver H. , Dintzis Suzanne M. 
Published: June 2021

Context.—
Pathology education must evolve as medical knowledge expands and disruptive technologies emerge. The evolution in pathology teaching practices accelerated as traditional teaching modalities were suspended in March 2020 during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Objectives.—
To provide pathologists an overview of established teaching paradigms and practical examples of how these paradigms may be applied to pathology education, emphasizing differences in graduate and undergraduate medical education as well as the challenges and promises of remote learning, as revealed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Data Sources.—
Selected peer-reviewed publications representing the field of educational social science.

Conclusions.—
Evidence-based methods described in education and social sciences can be effectively deployed in pathology education and especially remote learning, as necessitated by the current COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding established principles, such as cognitive load, competency-based learning, peer-assisted learning, and flipped classrooms may prove useful in developing effective, learner-centric content for pathology education.
Correlation of Chronic Histologic Changes on Preimplantation Frozen Section Biopsy With Transplant Outcomes After Deceased Donor Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Ninan Jacob , Smith Maxwell L. , Mathur Amit K. , Harbell Jack W. , Jadlowiec Caroline C. , Nair Sumi Sukumaran , Moss Adyr , Reddy Kunam S. , Heilman Raymond L. 
Published: June 2021

Context.—
It is unclear if preimplantation frozen section biopsy correlates with outcomes after deceased donor kidney transplantation.

Objective.—
To assess if chronic histologic changes on the preimplant frozen section correlates with graft loss and estimated glomerular filtration rate independently of kidney donor profile index (KDPI).

Design.—
Seven hundred three preimplantation biopsies were reviewed and a Banff sum score was calculated using glomerular sclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, vascular intimal thickening, and arteriolar hyalinosis. The posttransplant outcomes were compared for preimplantation biopsy Banff sum 0-1, 2-3, and 4-9. The cohort was also stratified by KDPI 85 or less versus more than 85.

Results.—
For the entire biopsy cohort, graft survival, estimated glomerular filtration rate at 1 year, and chronic changes on a 1-year posttransplant biopsy were superior in the group with preimplantation Banff sum 0-1. After stratifying by KDPI, the Banff sum no longer correlated with graft survival. In a univariate mode, using the Banff sum score as a continuous variable, a higher Banff sum score was significantly associated with graft failure (P = .03); however, after adjusting the KDPI, the Banff sum score no longer correlated with graft failure (P = .45). The 1-year estimated glomerular filtration rate and 1-year biopsy changes were superior in the group with Banff sum 0-1 only in the cohort with KDPI 85 or less.

Conclusions.—
In donor kidneys used for transplant, preimplantation biopsy chronic changes correlate with estimated glomerular filtration rate and biopsy findings at 1 year, but biopsies with mostly mild chronicity and Banff sum scores less than or equal to 5 did not impact graft survival beyond KDPI.
Characteristics of the pediatric patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a Romanian children’s hospital: a retrospective study
Authors: Gavriliu Liana-Cătălina , Murariu Carmen , Potop Vladimir , Spătaru Radu 
Published: June 2021

Background
To date, information on COVID-19 pediatric patients is still sparse. We aimed to highlight the epidemiological and clinical data regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents to improve the understanding of the disease in this age group and inform physicians during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective, observational study in “Marie Curie” Emergency Children’s Hospital from Bucharest, Romania. We analyzed clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients confirmed with SARS-CoV-2 infection, between April 1, 2020–October 31, 2020.

Results
A total of 172 patients aged 0–18 years were included, 79 (45.93%) female and 93 (54.07%) male patients. 28 (16.28%) patients had co-morbidities (more often identified in asymptomatic group; p < 0.0001). 47 (27.32%) had exposure to an identified source. 30 (17.44%) patients were asymptomatic; 142 (85.56%) had mild or moderate disease. The most frequent symptoms were: pyrexia (78.87%), digestive symptoms (50%), cough (40.14%). Chest X-ray was performed in 50 patients and it was abnormal in half of them, all being symptomatic. About 2/3 of the evaluated patients had normal leukocytes. The most common hematological change was lymphopenia; monocytes tended to be higher in symptomatic patients. About 40% of the patients were admitted; none required admission to ICU. No significant differences were found between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients regarding gender, age distribution, and exposure to a source.

Conclusions
All the patients had asymptomatic, mild or moderate disease. Patients with comorbidities, classically considered high risk patients, presented the same pattern of disease.
Comparison of student satisfaction, perceived learning and outcome performance:
Authors: Taliaferro Steven L. , Harger Beverly L. 
Published: June 2021

Objective
The goal of this study was to investigate whether blended online with laboratory instruction differs from traditional classroom lecture and laboratory with regard to student satisfaction and performance in a radiographic technique class teaching radiation health and physics.

Methods
Following institutional review board approval, 122 participants were randomly assigned to either an online or classroom environment for the lecture portion of the course. All participants attended weekly laboratory sessions in person. Anonymous surveys given during midterm and final exams assessed satisfaction with learning experience and expected grades. Linear models assessing differences between groups were adjusted for age, gender, prior online class experience, online class preference, self-reported computer skill, and time of year.

Results
Students in the blended cohort reported overall greater satisfaction (p &lt; .03) and found the delivery method more enjoyable (p &lt; .002) than did the traditional classroom cohort. No differences in exam scores between groups were observed.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that a blended format of instruction can improve learner satisfaction as compared with the traditional classroom method. Blended instruction implemented into a traditional educational program helps students balance schedules, has a positive impact on perceived learning, and provides exam success similar to that of the traditional classroom.
Does Gender Representation at Decision Making Levels Matter for Better Financial Performance of Local Licensed Commercial Banks in Sri Lanka?
Authors: Sandanayaka S. T. D. , Sumanasiri E. A. G. 
Published: June 2021

Aim: Female representation in top corporate positions has been discussed widely around the world over the last decade, mainly due to the significant gap observed between the number of females with higher educational qualifications and the number of females in employment. Accordingly, this study aims to identify the relationship between the female presence within boardrooms and top management teams of local licensed commercial banks and the financial performance of those banks, which is a timely concern.
Place and Duration of Study: Amana Bank PLC, Commercial Bank of Ceylon PLC, DFCC Bank PLC, Hatton National Bank PLC, National Development Bank PLC, Nations Trust Bank PLC, Pan Asia Banking Corporation PLC, Sampath Bank PLC, Seylan Bank PLC, and Union Bank of Colombo PLC were studied during the time period 2011 to 2019.
Methodology: The time series data analysis method has been used for 10 local licensed commercial banks in Sri Lanka, excluding one bank which was not a PLC. The annual reports of the respective banks were used to gather the secondary data required for the study.
Results: The regression analysis explained that female presence within boardrooms is positive and significant with respect to ROE and positive and insignificant with respect to ROA, whereas females in top management has a positive but insignificant relationship to ROA and a negative but insignificant relationship to ROE. The percentage changes in ROE and ROA explained by the two independent variables are relatively low. Accordingly, no significant relationships between female presence within boardrooms and top management teams and firm financial performance were identified.
Conclusion: The insignificant relationships between the variables indicate that it is not necessary for these banks to employ females in order to prosper in their financial performance. However, the banks could still consider employing females in the boardroom to empower gender equality since such a presence does not have a negative impact on financial performance.
Forensic Medicine: A Synopsis of the Past, Present and a Glimpse into the Future Scenarios
Authors: Hulathduwa S. R. 
Published: June 2021

Forensic medicine is the science (as well as the art) of applying medical knowledge, skills (and perhaps even the attitudes) to assist in the process of execution of justice. Forensic medicine is broadly divided into clinical forensic medicine and forensic pathology though the boundaries between the two are merging. Forensic pathology is not a pure science as it is nurtured by many other sciences, sociological/criminological disciplines and law. The principle role of forensic pathology today is to deal with numerous medico-legal issues pertaining to all forms of deaths. To achieve this, the principle approach of forensic pathology today in most of the institutions globally is conducting a standard autopsy. In this review article, we expect to discuss the historical development of forensic pathology up to what it is today, its present role and scope as well as the predictable future of forensic pathology with the recent developments of technology.
Self-efficacy of Patient Centeredness among the Physical Therapists of Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Bhutto Natasha , Ali Aadil Ameer , Lekhraj Shobha , Sheikh Naseebullah , Chughani Vikash , Khalfe Shazia Abdul Hamid 
Published: June 2021

Aim: To assess the self-efficacy of patient centeredness and its implication rates among physical therapists of Sindh, Pakistan.
Study Design: A cross sectional study.
Place and Duration: The Study was conducted from August to December 2017. The data was collected from different hospitals of Sindh, Pakistan, Agha Khan Hospital, Liaquat National Hospital, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Rabia moon Hospital, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Jijal Mauu Hospital.
Methodology: The Self-Efficacy in Patient Centeredness Questionnaire (SEPCQ-27) consisting of (1-27) scoring key, with total score of 108 was distributed among 377 physical therapists while 305 were filled and returned. The Data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21.
Results: Most of the participants were from age group of 24-29 years (n=252, 82.6%) and were male (n=194, 63.6%). Most of the participants were having experience of 1-5 years (n=251, 82.3%), working in general hospital setting (n=133, 43.6). The working hours ranges between 4-8 hours (n=194, 63.6%). Most of the participants reported high degree (n=270, 88.5%) of patient centeredness. Minimum reported score on SEPCQ-27 was 41 while the maximum reported score was 108.
Conclusion: The study concludes that self-efficacy in patient centered care among physiotherapists of Sindh, Pakistan was high. The study also reported that physiotherapists implement patient centered care to higher degrees, It has positive influence on outcomes, patient satisfaction, patient-therapist relation, patients health related quality of life, adherence to treatment and physical and mental wellness.
mRNA‐Loaded Lipid‐Like Nanoparticles for Liver Base Editing Via the Optimization of Central Composite Design
Authors: Zheng Qian , Qin Fengming , Luo Ruijie , Jin Chaohui , Huang Hai , Xi He , Xiao Wen , Guo Mengran , Yang Shuping , He Siyan , Cheng Lizhi , Fan Na , Yao Shaohua , Song Xiangrong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMessenger RNA (mRNA) has come into the spotlight due to its potential for addressing a staggering number of diseases, while the lack of effective and safe carriers for in vivo delivery significantly limits its clinical application. Herein, the potential of lipid‐like nanoparticles (LLNs) containing three new cholesterol derivatives to achieve the liver targeting delivery of mRNA is investigated. The central composite design (CCD) is used to tailor the formulation of LLNs through in vivo optimization of the molar ratios of these cholesterol derivatives required for liver targeting. The optimized LLNs (O‐LLNs) are able to systemically deliver mRNA to the liver of mice with a synergistic action of prolonged systemic circulation, increased liver targeting, and enhanced hepatocyte uptake. The O‐LLNs outperformed DLin‐MC3‐DMA (MC3) in functional delivery of Cre‐recombinase (Cre) and human erythropoietin (hEPO) mRNA. Successful delivery of cytidine base editor mRNA (CBE mRNA) and sgRNA by O‐LLNs achieved more than 8% correction rates in a liver‐related metabolism disorder, phenylketonuria (PKU). In conclusion, the general method above can accelerate in vivo screening and optimization of multicomponent nanoparticle formulations, and the optimized ones demonstrate great potential as delivery vehicles for targeted gene therapy in specific tissues.
Influence of the Modulation of the Protein Corona on Gene Expression Using Polyethylenimine (PEI) Polyplexes as Delivery Vehicle
Authors: Zhu Dingcheng , Yan Huijie , Zhou Zhuxian , Tang Jianbin , Liu Xiangrui , Hartmann Raimo , Parak Wolfgang J. , Shen Youqing , Feliu Neus 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe protein corona can significantly modulate the physicochemical properties and gene delivery of polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes (polyplexes). The effects of the protein corona on the transfection have been well studied in terms of averaged gene expression in a whole cell population. Such evaluation methods give excellent and reliable statistics, but they in general provide the final transfection efficiency without reflecting the dynamic process of gene expression. In this regard the influence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the gene expression of PEI polyplexes also on a single cell level via live imaging is analyzed. The results reveal that although the BSA corona causes difference in the overall gene expression and mRNA transcription, the gene expression behavior on the level of individual cell is similar, including the mitosis‐dependent expression, distributions of onset time, expression pattern in two daughter cells, and expression kinetics in successfully transfected cells. Comparison of single cell and ensemble data on whole cell cultures indicate that the protein corona does not alter the transfection process after nuclear entry, including cell division, polyplex dissociation, and protein expression. Its influence on other steps of in vitro gene delivery before nuclear entry shall render the difference in the overall transfection.
Design Principles and Applications of Next‐Generation High‐Energy‐Density Batteries Based on Liquid Metals
Authors: Guo Xuelin , Ding Yu , Yu Guihua 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIncreasing need for the renewable energy supply accelerated the thriving studies of Li‐ion batteries, whereas if the high‐energy‐density Li as well as alkali metals should be adopted as battery electrodes is still under fierce debate for safety concerns. Recently, a group of low‐melting temperature metals and alloys that are in liquid phase at or near room‐temperature are being reported for battery applications, by which the battery energy could be improved without significant dendrite issue. Besides the dendrite‐free feature, liquid metals can also promise various high‐energy‐density battery designs on the basis of unique materials properties. In this review, the design principles for liquid metals‐based batteries from mechanical, electrochemical, and thermodynamical aspects are provided. With the understanding of the theoretical basis, currently reported relevant designs are summarized and analyzed focusing on the working mechanism, effectiveness evaluation, and novel application. An overview of the state‐of‐the‐art liquid metal battery developments and future prospects is also provided in the end as a reference for further research explorations.
Unprecedented Thermal Stability of Plasmonic Titanium Nitride Films up to 1400 °C
Authors: Krekeler Tobias , Rout Surya S. , Krishnamurthy Gnanavel V. , Störmer Michael , Arya Mahima , Ganguly Ankita , Sutherland Duncan S. , Bozhevolnyi Sergey I. , Ritter Martin , Pedersen Kjeld , Petrov Alexander Yu , Eich Manfred , Chirumamilla Manohar 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTitanium nitride (TiN) has emerged as one of the most promising refractory materials for plasmonic and photonic applications at high temperatures due to its prominent optical properties along with mechanical and thermal stability. From a high temperature standpoint, TiN is a substitution for Au and Ag in the visible to near‐infrared wavelength range, with potential applications including thermophotovoltaics, thermoplasmonics, hot‐electron and high temperature reflective coatings. However, the optical properties and thermal stability of TiN films strongly depend on the growth conditions, such as temperature, partial pressure of the reactive ion gas, ion energy, and substrate orientation. In this work, epitaxial TiN films are grown at 835 °C on an Al2O3 substrate using a radio frequency sputtering method. The oxidization behavior of TiN is investigated at 1000 °C under a medium vacuum condition of 2 × 10–3 mbar, which is relevant for practical technical applications, and the thermal stability at 1400 °C under a high vacuum condition of 2 × 10–6 mbar. The TiN film structure shows an unprecedented structural stability at 1000 °C for a minimum duration of 2 h under a medium vacuum condition, and an exceptional thermal stability at 1400 °C, for 8 h under a high vacuum condition, without any protective coating layer. The work reveals, for the first time to the authors’ knowledge, that the TiN film structure with columnar grains exhibits remarkable thermal stability at 1400 °C due to low‐index interfaces and twin boundaries. These findings unlock the fundamental understanding of the TiN material at extreme temperatures and demonstrate a key step towards fabricating thermally stable photonic/plasmonic devices for harsh environments.
Wing Coupling in Bees and Wasps: From the Underlying Science to Bioinspired Engineering
Authors: Eraghi Sepehr H. , Toofani Arman , Khaheshi Ali , Khorsandi Mohammad , Darvizeh Abolfazl , Gorb Stanislav , Rajabi Hamed 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWing‐to‐wing coupling mechanisms synchronize motions of insect wings and minimize their aerodynamic interference. Albeit they share the same function, their morphological traits appreciably vary across groups. Here the structure–material–function relationship of wing couplings of nine castes and species of Hymenoptera is investigated. It is shown that the springiness, robustness, and asymmetric behavior augment the functionality of the coupling by reducing stress concentrations and minimizing the impacts of excessive flight forces. A quantitative link is established between morphological variants of the coupling mechanisms and forces to which they are subjected. Inspired by the coupling mechanisms, a rotating‐sliding mechanical joint that withstands tension and compression and can also be locked/unlocked is fabricated. This is the first biomimetic research of this type that integrates approaches from biology and engineering.
Aggregation‐Induced Emission Luminogens Sensitized Quasi‐2D Hybrid Perovskites with Unique Photoluminescence and High Stability for Fabricating White Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Wang Yuanwei , Yan Dingyuan , Wang Lei , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn order to endow quasi‐2D organic‐inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskites (quasi‐2D‐PVK) with superior performance, an aromatic organic ligand with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) features is rationally designed and utilized for constructing distinctive quasi‐2D‐PVK materials. This AIE‐active ligand, TTPy‐NH2, well fits into the lattices of quasi‐2D‐PVK and leaves hydrophobic tails surrounding PVK layers, making the presented TTPy‐NH2/PVK film extraordinary in terms of both luminescence and stability. Benefiting from the prominent sensitization function and AIE tendency of TTPy‐NH2, the presented TTPy‐NH2/PVK film exhibits a high quantum yield of 62.2%, unique blue‐red dual‐emission property of both blue and red, high stability with the remnant of more than 94% fluorescence intensity remnant after 21 days. As a result, TTPy‐NH2/PVK film is capable of constituting high‐performance white light‐emitting diodes, with its color gamut reaching 138% of the National Television System Committee （NTSC） standard and the maximum efficiency is 105 lm W−1 at 20 mA. Evidently, a win‐win effect is achieved by the integration of AIE‐active ligands and quasi‐2D‐PVK, which are two of the most reputable solid‐state luminogens. This developed protocol thus opens up a new avenue for exploring the next generation of luminescent devices.