bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive review of standards and best practices for utility grid integration with electric vehicle charging stations
Authors: Sachan Sulabh , Deb Sanchari , Singh Praveen Prakash , Alam Mohammad Saad , Shariff Samir M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe present work presents a comprehensive state‐of‐the‐art bibliographical review of standards related to utility grid integration and best practices of the electric vehicle (EV) charging stations. The presence of a robust tuning method is essential for successful utility grid integration with the charging stations. The lack of system standardization may hamper the EV uptake as well as successful utility grid integration with the charging stations. The distributed energy resources (DER) and vehicle to grid (V2G) are going to play a vital role in the power system operation and control. The applicability of criterions within the utility grid integration with charging station area is important to the grid operators, charging service providers, manufacturers, fleet operators, and so forth to ensure safety, dependability, and interoperability. Hence, this work tries to deliver a comprehensive and systematic review of standards and best practices for utility grid interaction with charging stations. It will help the specialists of power as well as transport sectors to track down every one of the norms and best practices, which are accessible at one stage to compare different guidelines.This article is categorized under:
Energy Infrastructure > Systems and Infrastructure
Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure
Fossil Fuels > Economics and Policy
Fossil Fuels > Systems and Infrastructure
Unraveled Practices of Participatory Budgeting in European Democracies
Authors: Nemec Juraj , Špaček David , de Vries Michiel S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe goal of the final chapter was to summarize lessons about the worst and best practices, causes, and effects of (successful or unsuccessful) participatory budgeting, delivered by the country case studies included in this book. The information collected serves to check to what extent participatory budgeting as practiced in the countries involved presents a real attempt to change municipal budgets toward addressing the needs of marginalized groups and to improve decision-making based on local democracy and participation, or whether these processes as such are to be judged to be more important than any output and outcomes. All in all, the practices of PB as they evolved in European countries out of the innovative original as developed in Porto Alegre in the 1990s can be seen neither as a process of policy diffusion nor as a process of policy mimesis. The terminology of participatory budgeting remained, but the goals and tools to achieve the goals resulted only in marginal changes in the status quo in municipalities in European countries practicing participatory budgeting, instead of resulting in radical changes to increase spending in favor of marginalized groups. Participatory budgeting in selected European countries is far away from the level of “best practice” in which local democracy and participation are promoted. However, it is also not possible to conclude that all experiences are just “trivial pursuits”.
Expeditions into ‘Central Man’: Imperial Romance, Tropical Medicine, and Heroic Masculinity
Authors: Taylor-Pirie Emilie 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this chapter, Taylor-Pirie considers how parasitology became rhetorically and materially entangled in the imperial imagination with travelogues, anthropological treatise, imperial romance fiction, and missionary biography. These modes jointly constructed the colonial encounter as a feat of manly endurance, using the linguistic enjoinment of medicine and exploration to frame parasitologists as modern heroes. Examining the influence of Thomas Carlyle’s conceptualisation of the heroic in history and imperial cartography as a strategy of representation, she demonstrates how tropical illness became a subject associated with pioneers, poets, and prophets, mapped onto the larger field of empire by the adventure mode. Through close readings of Henry Seton Merriman’s With Edged Tools (1894), John Masefield’s Multitude and Solitude (1909), and Joseph Hocking’s The Dust of Life (1915), she demonstrates the utility of forms like the ‘soldier hero’ and ‘imperial hunter’ in elaborating masculine citizenship in the context of tropical illness and ‘muscular Christianity’.
Detecting the Diagnosis: Parasitology, Crime Fiction, and the British Medical Gaze
Authors: Taylor-Pirie Emilie 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this chapter, Taylor-Pirie traces the cultural encounters between the parasitologist and the scientific detective in the medico-popular imagination, revealing how such meetings helped to embed the figure of the doctor-detective in public understandings of science. Parasitologists like Ronald Ross and David Bruce were routinely reported in newspapers using detective fiction’s most famous archetype: Sherlock Holmes, a frame of reference that blurred the boundaries between romance and reality. Recognising the continued cultural currency of Holmesian detection in clinical and diagnostic medicine, she re-immerses the ‘great detective’ and his creator, Arthur Conan Doyle, in the literary-historical contexts of the fin de siècle, demonstrating how material and rhetorical entanglements between criminality, tropical medicine, and empire constructed the microscopic world as new kind of colonial encounter.
Epilogue: Pan Narrans
Authors: Taylor-Pirie Emilie 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this epilogue, Taylor-Pirie analyses the ‘heroic biography’ mode that still characterises popular histories of medicine as a legacy of the collision of science and empire at the fin de siècle. After considering the challenges inherent in writing contextual histories of science, and the human penchant for linear story-telling, she broadens her view to take into account political discourses surrounding the Covid-19 pandemic. Taylor-Pirie argues that stories of science and stories of empire shaped each other in ways that are contingent on this historical moment but that continue to inflect and occlude our self-knowledge. She contends that by paying attention to cultural encounters between medicine and the humanities in the past, we gain important insights into the relationship between science and society in the present.
Kurzfassung und Schlussfolgerungen
Authors: Gethmann Carl Friedrich , Buxmann Peter , Distelrath Julia , Humm Bernhard G. , Lingner Stephan , Nitsch Verena , Schmidt Jan C. , Spiecker genannt Döhmann Indra 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Digitalisierung von Arbeitswelten erreicht alle Bereiche öffentlich oder privat finanzierter Forschung und Entwicklung. Insbesondere lassen neuartige Entwicklungen der künstlichen Intelligenz große Veränderungen im Alltag grundlagen- und anwendungsorientierter Forschung erwarten. Dennoch ist wissenschaftliche Forschung auch im Zeitalter von KI, Machine Learning und Big Data weiterhin auf den Menschen als Wissenschaftler/Wissenschaftlerin und Forscher/Forscherin angewiesen. Der Mensch bleibt daher als handelnder Akteur im Zentrum von Wissenschaft und Forschung. Ein etwaiger Ersatz des Menschen durch „starke KI“ ist dagegen nicht zu erwarten, da diese auf absehbare Zeit nicht erreichbar erscheint. KI-Systeme können daher zunächst eher als hilfreiche Werkzeuge in der Forschungspraxis verstanden werden: Auf den ersten Blick scheinen sie sich an technische Inventionen der Vergangenheit anzuschließen, wie die des Mikroskops oder des Fernrohrs, welche die wissenschaftliche Forschung und Erkenntnis bereits fundamental verändert haben. Ähnliches könnte auch für KI-getriebene Forschung erwartet werden. Allerdings führt die Selbstorganisationsfähigkeit von KI-Systemen im Modus des maschinellen Lernens (ML) zu einer Intransparenz von Forschungsprozessen, die eine Kontrolle, Validierung und Anerkennung abgeleiteter Aussagen, Modelle und Theorien erschweren oder gar unmöglich machen. Insofern kann der Wandel in der KI-getriebenen Forschung in diesem Modus sogar als disruptiv betrachtet werden. Ein allzu einfaches Werkzeug- und Instrumentenverständnis von KI führt hier also in die Irre; vielmehr sind ML-basierte KI-Systeme aufgrund ihrer verborgenen Dynamik und ihrer geringen Kontrollierbarkeit gewissermaßen als Instrumente zweiter Ordnung zu werten.
Gaudin models and multipoint conformal blocks. Part II. Comb channel vertices in 3D and 4D
Authors: Burić Ilija , Lacroix Sylvain , Mann Jeremy , Quintavalle Lorenzo , Schomerus Volker 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
It was recently shown that multi-point conformal blocks in higher dimensional conformal field theory can be considered as joint eigenfunctions for a system of commuting differential operators. The latter arise as Hamiltonians of a Gaudin integrable system. In this work we address the reduced fourth order differential operators that measure the choice of 3-point tensor structures for all vertices of 3- and 4-dimensional comb channel conformal blocks. These vertices come associated with a single cross ratio. Remarkably, we identify the vertex operators as Hamiltonians of a crystallographic elliptic Calogero-Moser-Sutherland model that was discovered originally by Etingof, Felder, Ma and Veselov. Our construction is based on a further development of the embedding space formalism for mixed-symmetry tensor fields. The results thereby also apply to comb channel vertices of 5- and 6-point functions in arbitrary dimension.
The Grassmannian for celestial superamplitudes
Authors: Ferro Livia , Moerman Robert 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Recently, scattering amplitudes in four-dimensional Minkowski spacetime have been interpreted as conformal correlation functions on the two-dimensional celestial sphere, the so-called celestial amplitudes. In this note we consider tree-level scattering amplitudes in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 super Yang-Mills theory and present a Grassmannian formulation of their celestial counterparts. This result paves the way towards a geometric picture for celestial superamplitudes, in the spirit of positive geometries.
Grooming at the cusp: all-orders predictions for the transition region of jet groomers
Authors: Benkendorfer Kees , Larkoski Andrew J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Jet grooming has emerged as a necessary and vital tool for mitigating contamination radiation in jets. The additional restrictions on emissions imposed by the groomer can result in non-smooth behavior of resulting fixed-order distributions of observables measured on groomed jets. As a concrete example, we study the cusp in the hemisphere mass distribution of e+e−→ hadrons events groomed with soft drop. We identify the leading emissions that contribute in the region about the cusp and formulate an all-orders factorization theorem that describes how the cusp is resolved through arbitrary strongly-ordered soft and collinear emissions. The factorization theorem exhibits numerous novel features such as contributions from collinear modes that can cross hemisphere boundaries as well as requiring explicit subtraction of the limit in which resolved emissions become collinear to the hard core. We present resummation of the cusp region through next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy and describe how it can be matched with established factorization theorems that describe other groomed phase space regions.
Infrared-safe scattering without photon vacuum transitions and time-dependent decoherence
Authors: Neuenfeld Dominik 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Scattering in 3 + 1-dimensional QED is believed to give rise to transitions between different photon vacua. We show that these transitions can be removed by taking into account off-shell modes which correspond to Liénard-Wiechert fields of asymptotic states. This makes it possible to formulate scattering in 3 + 1-dimensional QED on a Hilbert space which furnishes a single representation of the canonical commutation relations (CCR). Different QED selection sectors correspond to inequivalent representations of the photon CCR and are stable under the action of an IR finite, unitary S-matrix. Infrared divergences are cancelled by IR radiation. Using this formalism, we discuss the time-dependence of decoherence and phases of out-going density matrix elements in the presence of classical currents. The results demonstrate that although no information about a scattering process is stored in strictly zero-energy modes of the photon field, entanglement between charged matter and low energy modes increases over time.
Application of neural ordinary differential equations to the prediction of multi-agent systems
Authors: Herzog Sebastian , Wörgötter Florentin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDynamic systems are usually described by differential equations, but formulating these equations requires a high level of expertise and a detailed understanding of the observed system to be modelled. In this work, we present a data-driven approach, which tries to find a parameterization of neural differential equations system to describe the underlying dynamic of the observed data. The presented method is applied to a multi-agent system with thousand agents.
Electrical Power Generation Using Dynamic Piezoelectric Shear Deformation Under Friction
Authors: Wang Peng , Xiao Yu , Wu Nan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA new electrical power generation device based on high-frequency dynamic piezoelectric shear deformation under friction is developed. During the operation of a moving plate compressed and sliding on the top of a piezoelectric patch with constant velocity, dynamic shear deformation of the elastic piezoelectric patch is excited by periodic friction force and status (sliding and stick) variation. The dynamic piezoelectric shear strain can then generate continuous electrical power for energy absorbing and harvesting applications. The design of the piezoelectric couple device is first provided, and its mechanism, dynamic response and electric power generation under friction are described by a detailed iteration model. By comparing with previous experimental results, the accuracy of the proposed model is proven. Through numerical studies, the influences of the equivalent mass of the system, the velocity of the sliding object, the static friction coefficient and its lower limit, as well as the friction force delay rate on the power generation are obtained and discussed. The numerical results show that with the proposed design, up to 50-Watt maximum electrical power could be generated by a piezoelectric patch with a dimension of $$20\times 2\times 6$$

20
×
2
×
6

cm under continuous friction with the moving plate at the velocity of 15 m/s. The possible bi-linear elastic stiffness variation of the system is also introduced, and the threshold of bi-linear elastic deformation, where the system stiffness changes, can be optimized for obtaining the highest power generation.
A dilatant, two-layer debris flow model validated by flow density measurements at the Swiss illgraben test site
Authors: Meyrat G. , McArdell B. , Ivanova K. , Müller C. , Bartelt P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe propose a dilatant, two-layer debris flow model validated by full-scale density/saturation measurements obtained from the Swiss Illgraben test site. Like many existing models, we suppose the debris flow consists of a matrix of solid particles (rocks and boulders) that is surrounded by muddy fluid. However, we split the muddy fluid into two fractions. One part, the inter-granular fluid, is bonded to the solid matrix and fills the void space between the solid particles. The combination of solid material and inter-granular fluid forms the first layer of the debris flow. The second part of the muddy fluid is not bonded to the solid matrix and can move independently from the first layer. This free fluid forms the second layer of the debris flow. During flow the rocky particulate material is sheared which induces dilatant motions that change the location of the center-of-mass of the solid. The degree of solid shearing, as well as the amount of muddy fluid and of solid particles, leads to different flow compositions including debris flow fronts consisting of predominantly solid material, or watery debris flow tails. De-watering and the formation of muddy fluid washes can occur when the solid material deposits in the runout zone. After validating the model on two theoretical case studies, we show that the proposed model is able to capture the streamwise evolution of debris flow density in time and space for real debris flow events.
Embodied Reflection of Images as an Arts-Based Research Method: Teaching Experiment in Higher Education
Authors: Martikainen Jari , Hujala Anneli , Laulainen Sanna 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper discusses a teaching experiment in which 20 university students in Finland participated in the course Critical and Novel Approaches to Management and Organisational Studies, which familiarized them with the method of embodied reflection of images. First, the paper presents the method and the teaching experiment. Then, it presents and discusses the students’ experiences while experimenting with the method. The students’ written reflections form the data of the study, which were analyzed qualitatively using content analysis. The findings of this small-scale study show that the method of embodied reflection of images provided students with a novel perspective into management and organization, fostered collaboration, and promoted critical thinking. In addition, rational knowledge was furnished with experiential and affective modes of knowledge. Based on students’ positive feedback, the experiment succeeded in elucidating the method and its applicability in research on management and organization. This study promotes teaching arts-based research methods in higher education.
Reforming support systems of newly diagnosed brain cancer patients: a systematic review
Authors: Loizidou Maria , Sefcikova Viktoria , Ekert Justyna O. , Bone Matan , Samandouras George 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Despite the increasing incidence of currently incurable brain cancer, limited resources are placed in patients’ support systems, with reactive utilisation late in the disease course, when physical and psychological symptoms have peaked. Based on patient-derived data and emphasis on service improvement, this review investigated the structure and efficacy of the support methods of newly diagnosed brain cancer patients in healthcare systems.

Methods
This systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols. Articles from PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL databases were screened with six pre-established eligibility criteria, including assessment within 6 months from diagnosis of a primary malignant brain tumour. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) Qualitative Studies Checklist.

Results
Of 5057 original articles, 14 were eligible for qualitative synthesis. Four studies were cross-sectional and ten were descriptive. Information given to patients was evaluated in seven studies, communication with patients in nine, and patient participation in treatment decisions in eight. Risk of bias was low in ten studies, moderate in two, and high in two.

Conclusions
Techniques promoting individualised care increased perceived support, despite poor patient-physician communication and complexity of the healthcare system. Extracted data across 14 included studies informed a set of guidelines and a four-step framework. These can help evaluate and reform healthcare services to better accommodate the supportive needs of this patient group.
The role of community pharmacists in immunisation: a national cross-sectional study
Authors: Lindner Nikolaus , Riesenhuber Martin , Müller-Uri Thomas , Weidmann Anita Elaine 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground Austrian pharmacists are not authorised to administer immunisations, and evidence about their willingness to immunise is lacking. Aim The aim of this study is to investigate Austrian community pharmacists’ willingness to administer immunisations in the future. Method This study is designed as a cross-sectional online survey based on the theoretical domains framework (TDF). The validated and piloted questionnaire obtained ethical approval by Robert Gordon University. Outcome measures included pharmacists’ willingness to immunise, service requirements, barriers and education needs. Results The questionnaire was sent out to 3086 community pharmacists of which 380 responses were included in the final analysis (12.3%). Willingness to administer immunisations after appropriate training and legislative regulation was stated by 82.6% (n = 314) of participants. It was demonstrated that pharmacists willing to immunise were significantly younger than their counterpart (38 [IQR 31–49] years vs. 45 [IQR 37.5–54] years; OR 1.06; 1.03–1.09, 95% CI; p < 0.001). ‘Legal liability’ was considered the most critical barrier to service implementation, ‘seeing blood’ and ‘close patient contact’ as least critical. Pharmacists not willing to immunise showed a higher probability to evaluate personnel resources (OR 2.98; 1.35–6.58, 95% CI; p = 0.007), close patient contact (OR 2.79; 1.46–5.34, 95% CI; p = 0.002) and management of side effects (OR 2.62; 1.21–5.67, 95% CI; p = 0.015) as (highly) critical. The majority assessed the ‘right timing for training’ to be after the foundation training with a 2-yearly renewal. Conclusion Austrian community pharmacists show a strong willingness to administer immunisations while highlighting important requirements and barriers towards service implementation.
The importance of standard operating procedures in physical fitness assessment: a brief review
Authors: Petrigna Luca , Pajaujiene Simona , Delextrat Anne , Gómez-López Manuel , Paoli Antonio , Palma Antonio , Bianco Antonino 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Physical fitness status is a key aspect of health and, consequently, it is important to create and adopt appropriate interventions to maintain or improve it, and assess it using valid measures. While in other testing contexts, standard operating procedures (SOPs) are commonly and widely adopted, in physical fitness testing, a variety of unstandardized testing protocols are proposed.

Aims
The topic of this review was to evaluate the existing literature on SOPs in physical fitness assessment and to provide guidelines on how SOPs could be created and adopted.

Method
The electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were screened and original, peer-reviewed studies that included SOPs, related to physical fitness, were recorded.

Results
After the inclusion and exclusion criteria screening, a total of six studies were included and these were critically and narratively analyzed.

Conclusions
Standard operating procedures are rarely adopted in the field of physical fitness and a step by step guide has been provided in this manuscript. In the future, it is suggested to follow protocols as a routine, because this is the only way to generalize and contextualize findings.