bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronal imbalance after growing rod treatment in early-onset scoliosis: a minimum of 5 years’ follow-up
Authors: Xu Liang , Sun Xu , Wang Muyi , Yang Bo , Du Changzhi , Zhou Qingshuang , Zhu Zezhang , Qiu Yong 
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors of coronal imbalance (CI) in patients with early-onset scoliosis (EOS) who underwent growing rod (GR) treatment.

METHODS
A consecutive series of 61 patients with EOS (25 boys and 36 girls, mean age 5.8 ± 1.7 years) who underwent GR treatment was retrospectively reviewed. Postoperative CI was defined as postoperative C7 translation on either side ≥ 20 mm. Patients were divided into an imbalanced and a balanced group. Coronal patterns were classified into three types: type A (C7 translation < 20 mm), type B (C7 translation ≥ 20 mm with C7 plumb line [C7PL] shifted to the concave side of the curve), and type C (C7 translation ≥ 20 mm and a C7PL shifted to the convex side of the curve).

RESULTS
Each patient had an average of 5.3 ± 1.0 lengthening procedures and was followed for an average of 6.2 ± 1.3 years. Eleven patients (18%) were diagnosed with CI at the latest distraction, 5 of whom graduated from GRs and underwent definitive fusion. However, these patients continued to present with CI at the last follow-up evaluation. The proportion of preoperative type C pattern (54.5% vs 16.0%, p = 0.018), immediate postoperative apical vertebral translation (30.4 ± 13.5 mm vs 21.2 ± 11.7 mm, p = 0.025), lowest instrumented vertebra tilt (11.4° ± 8.2° vs 7.3° ± 3.3°, p = 0.008), and spanned obliquity angle (SOA) (9.7° ± 10.5° vs 4.1° ± 4.5°, p = 0.006) values in the imbalanced group were significantly higher than in the balanced group. Multiple logistic regression demonstrated that a preoperative type C pattern and immediate postoperative SOA > 11° were independent risk factors for postoperative CI.

CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of CI in patients with EOS who underwent GR treatment was 18%. This complication could only be slightly improved after definitive spinal fusion because of the autofusion phenomenon. A preoperative type C pattern and immediate postoperative SOA > 11° were found to be the risk factors for CI occurrence at the latest follow-up.
Failure modes and effects analysis of mechanical thrombectomy for stroke discovered in human brains
Authors: Liu Yang , Gebrezgiabhier Daniel , Reddy Adithya S. , Davis Evan , Zheng Yihao , Arturo Larco Jorge L. , Shih Albert J. , Pandey Aditya S. , Savastano Luis E. 
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE
Despite advancement of thrombectomy technologies for large-vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke and increased user experience, complete recanalization rates linger around 50%, and one-third of patients who have undergone successful recanalization still experience poor neurological outcomes. To enhance the understanding of the biomechanics and failure modes, the authors conducted an experimental analysis of the interaction of emboli/artery/devices in the first human brain test platform for LVO stroke described to date.

METHODS
In 12 fresh human brains, 105 LVOs were recreated by embolizing engineered emboli analogs and recanalization was attempted using aspiration catheters and/or stent retrievers. The complex mechanical interaction between diverse emboli (elastic, stiff, and fragment prone), arteries (anterior and posterior circulation), and thrombectomy devices were observed, analyzed, and categorized. The authors systematically evaluated the recanalization process through failure modes and effects analysis, and they identified where and how thrombectomy devices fail and the impact of device failure.

RESULTS
The first-pass effect (34%), successful (71%), and complete (60%) recanalization rates in this model were consistent with those in the literature. Failure mode analysis of 184 passes with thrombectomy devices revealed the following. 1) Devices loaded the emboli with tensile forces leading to elongation and intravascular fragmentation. 2) In the presence of anterograde flow, small fragments embolize to the microcirculation and large fragments result in recurrent vessel occlusion. 3) Multiple passes are required due to recurrent (15%) and residual (73%) occlusions, or both (12%). 4) Residual emboli remained in small branching and perforating arteries in cases of alleged complete recanalization (28%). 5) Vacuum caused arterial collapse at physiological pressures (27%). 6) Device withdrawal caused arterial traction (41%), and severe traction provoked avulsion of perforating and small branching arteries.

CONCLUSIONS
Biomechanically superior thrombectomy technologies should prevent unrestrained tensional load on emboli, minimize intraluminal embolus fragmentation and release, improve device/embolus integration, recanalize small branching and perforating arteries, prevent arterial collapse, and minimize traction.
Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion using a novel minimally invasive expandable interbody cage: patient-reported outcomes and radiographic parameters
Authors: Woodward Josha , Malone Hani , Witiw Christopher D. , Kolcun John Paul G. , Koro Lacin , Keegan Kevin C. , Ahmad Shahjehan , Kerolus Mena G. , David Brian T. , Fessler R. David , Fessler Richard G. 
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE
The goal of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of a novel multidirectional in situ expandable minimally invasive surgery (MIS) transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) cage.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis of 69 consecutive patients undergoing a 1- or 2-level MIS TLIF using an expandable cage was performed over a 2-year period. Standard MIS techniques with pedicle screw fixation were used in all cases. Upright lateral dynamic flexion/extension radiographs were reviewed prior to and at 1 year after surgery. Clinical metrics included numeric rating scale for back and leg pain, Oswestry Disability Index, and the SF-12 and VR-12 physical and mental health surveys. Radiographic parameters included anterior and posterior disc height, neuroforaminal height, spondylolisthesis, segmental lordosis, lumbar lordosis, and fusion rate.

RESULTS
A total of 69 patients representing 75 operative levels met study inclusion criteria. The mean patient age at surgery was 63.4 ± 1.2 years, with a female predominance of 51%. The average radiographic and clinical follow-ups were 372 and 368 days, respectively. A total of 63 patients (91%) underwent 1-level surgery and 6 patients (9%) underwent 2-level surgery. Significant reductions of numeric rating scale scores for back and leg pain were observed—from 6.1 ± 0.7 to 2.5 ± 0.3 (p < 0.0001) and 4.9 ± 0.6 to 1.9 ± 0.2 (p < 0.0001), respectively. A similar reduction in Oswestry Disability Index from 38.0 ± 4.6 to 20.0 ± 2.3 (p < 0.0001) was noted. Likewise, SF-12 and VR-12 scores all showed statistically significant improvement from baseline (p < 0.001). The mean anterior and posterior disc heights improved from 8.7 ± 1.0 mm to 13.4 ± 1.5 mm (p = 0.0001) and 6.5 ± 0.8 mm to 9.6 ± 1.1 mm (p = 0.0001), respectively. Neuroforaminal height improved from 17.6 ± 2.0 mm to 21.9 ± 2.5 mm (p = 0.0001). When present, spondylolisthesis was, on average, reduced from 4.3 ± 0.5 mm to 1.9 ± 0.2 mm (p = 0.0001). Lumbar lordosis improved from 47.8° ± 5.5° to 58.5° ± 6.8° (p = 0.2687), and no significant change in segmental lordosis was observed. The overall rate of radiographic fusion was 93.3% at 1 year. No perioperative complications requiring operative revision were encountered.

CONCLUSIONS
In this series of MIS TLIFs, use of this novel interbody cage was shown to be safe and effective. Significant improvements in pain and disability were observed. Effective and durable restoration of disc height and neuroforaminal height and reduction of spondylolisthesis were obtained, with concurrent gains in lumbar lordosis. Taken together, this device offers excellent clinical and radiographic outcomes via an MIS approach.
Defining minimal clinically important differences in pain and disability outcomes of patients with chronic pain treated with spinal cord stimulation
Authors: Sabourin Shelby , Tram Justin , Sheldon Breanna L. , Pilitsis Julie G. 
Published: June 2021

OBJECTIVE
Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) thresholds for a limited number of outcome metrics were previously defined for patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) at 6 months after spinal cord stimulation (SCS). This study aimed to further define MCID values for pain and disability outcomes. Additionally, the authors established 1-year MCID values for outcome measures with previously defined metrics commonly used to assess SCS efficacy.

METHODS
Preoperative and 1-year postoperative outcomes were collected from 114 patients who received SCS therapy for FBSS, complex regional pain syndrome, and neuropathic pain. MCID values were established for the numerical rating scale (NRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). Four established anchor-based methods were utilized to compute MCID values with two anchored questions: “Are you satisfied with SCS therapy?” and “Would you have SCS surgery again?” For each question, patients were categorized as responders if they answered “yes” or as nonresponders if they responded “no.” The methodologies utilized to compute MCID scores included the average change method, minimum detectable change approach, change difference calculation, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) analysis has been shown to inform the accuracy at which the MCID value can distinguish responders from nonresponders and was analyzed for each instrument.

RESULTS
For the first time, ranges of MCID values after SCS were established for MPQ (1–2.3) and PCS (1.9–13.6). One-year MCID values were defined for all indications: NRS (range 0.9–2.7), ODI (3.5–6.9), and BDI (2–5.9). AUC values were significant for NRS (0.78, p < 0.001), ODI (0.71, p = 0.003), MPQ (0.74, p < 0.001), and PCS (0.77, p < 0.001), indicating notable accuracy for distinguishing satisfied patients.

CONCLUSIONS
This was the first study to successfully determine MCID values for two prominent instruments, MPQ and PCS, used to assess pain after SCS surgery. Additionally, previously established MCID values for ODI, BDI, and the visual analog scale for patients with FBSS at 6 months after treatment were explored at 12 months for the most common indications for SCS. These data may better inform physicians of patient response to and success with SCS therapy.
IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR RESIKO YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA WAKTU PELAKSANAAN KONSTRUKSI GEDUNG SECARA SWAKELOLA STUDI KASUS : PEMBANGUNAN RKB SEKOLAH SD DAN SMP KOTA BUKITTNGGI
Authors: Kurniawan Deddy 
Published: June 2021

Proyek konstruksi memiliki sejumlah resiko yang bervariatif, terutama pada proyek swakelola dengan melibatkan banyak pihak, dan memakai berbagai macam sumberdaya, serta menghadapi banyak masalah ketidakpastian dan resiko, jika terjadi dapat mengurangi kerugian waktu yang dapat menjadikan proyek tertunda. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor- faktor resiko yang mempengaruhi kinerja waktu pelaksanaan konstruksi gedung secara swakelola pada proyek pembangunan RKB sekolah. Proses didalam manajemen resiko proyek adalah identifikasi faktor-faktor resiko, analisa resiko, evaluasi resiko, dan tindakan mengelola resiko. Penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor resiko dilakukan secara kualitatif, dengan menganalisa data persepsi yang didapat dari kuesioner dengan responden pemilik proyek, tim pelaksana dan tim perencana/pengawas pembangunan RKB sekolah di kota Bukittinggi tahun anggaran 2018. Analisa data diolah dengan statistik deskriptif, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), dan analisa level resiko, untuk mendapatkan rangking faktor. Korelasi nonparametris dilakukan dengan korelasi Spearman. Hasil analisa data menunjukkan ada tujuh faktor resiko utama yang berpengaruh terhadap kinerja waktu pelaksanaan konstruksi gedung secara swakelola pada proyek pembangunan RKB sekolah di Bukittinggi, yaitu : Kemampuan dan kecakapan pelaksana, rangking 1 (14.168%); Singkatnya waktu pekerjaan, rangking 2 (13.562%); Manajemen proyek yang kurang pengalaman, rangking 3 (12.529%); Perpajakan, rangking 4 (11.230%); Gangguan cuaca, rangking 5 (11.046%); Tenaga kerja dan produktifitas peralatan, rangking 6 (11.039%); dan Perkiraan Bill of Quantity yang kurang akurat, rangking 7 (10.314%). Dari analisa korelasi nonparametris didapat bahwa faktor resiko berkorelasi dengan kinerja waktu yang dapat menurunkan kinerja waktu proyek. Kata kunci : Faktor-Faktor Resiko, Kinerja Waktu , dan Proyek Swakelola
ANALISA BIAYA KERUGIAN KARENA MENGALAMI KONDISI KEMACETAN AKIBAT PERBAIKAN JALAN DITINJAU DARI WAKTU TUNDA PERJALANAN DAN KENAIKAN BAHAN BAKAR MINYAK (BBM) KENDARAAN
Authors: Asset M. Ameer , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan latar belakang adanya proyek perbaikan jalan yang berdampak pada timbulnya kemacetan lalu lintas kendaraan karena pada lokasi tersebut diterapkan pola pengaturan rekayasa lalu lintas dengan sistem buka tutup jalan. Sebagai kategori jalan nasional yang menghubungkan kota-kota besar di Pulau Jawa, pada ruas jalan yang diperbaiki tersebut memiliki kepadatan yang sangat tinggi sehingga pemandangan antrian panjang kendaraan yang melewati ruas jalan tersebut berlangsung selama proyek perbaikan jalan tersebut dilaksanakan. Proyek tersebut membutuhkan durasi pelaksanaan 5 bulan sehingga menjadi hal yang sangat menarik untuk dilakukan analisa kerugian pekerjaan akibat kemacetan ditinjau dari waktu dan penggunaan bahan bakar minyak (BBM). Ruas jalan Pucuk-Babat Kabupaten Lamongan berdasarkan perkerasan sebelumnya menggunakan jenis perkerasan lentur (flexible pavement), kondisi jalan tersebut tidak mampu menahan beban lalu lintas kendaraan yang lewat di atasnya sehingga terjadi penurunan (seattlement) dan pergeseran (sleeeding) pada perkerasan jalan dan tanah dasar, sehingga jalan menjadi bergelombang dan berlubang. Adanya proyek perbaikan jalan berupa pergantian jenis perkerasan menggunakan perkerasan kaku (rigid pavement) berupa jalan beton menyebabkan timbulnya kemacetan lalu lintas kendaraan sepanjang ruas jalan yang diperbaiki tersebut. Pada penelitian ini, kendaraan yang dianalisa terdiri dari 2 jenis kendaraan, yaitu terdiri jenis kendaraan ringan (light vehicle) dan jenis kendaraan berat (heavy vehicle). Berdasarkan atas hasil analisa biaya kerugian pekerjaan akibat kemacetan ditinjau dari waktu tundaan (delay) perjalanan untuk jenis kendaraan ringan adalah sebesar Rp. 2.090.699/jam pada kondisi macet di jam kerja dan sebesar Rp. 3.070.875/jam pada kondisi macet di luar jam kerja; sedangkan untuk jenis kendaraan berat adalah sebesar Rp. 3.349.324/jam pada kondisi macet di jam kerja dan sebesar Rp. 5.254.032/jam pada kondisi macet di luar jam kerja. Berdasarkan atas hasil analisa biaya kerugian pekerjaan akibat kemacetan ditinjau dari penggunaan bahan bakar minyak (BBM) untuk jenis kendaraan ringan adalah sebesar Rp. 2.445.705/jam pada kondisi macet di jam kerja dan sebesar Rp. 1.673.438/jam pada kondisi macet di luar jam kerja; sedangkan untuk jenis kendaraan berat adalah sebesar Rp. 6.505.738/jam pada kondisi macet di jam kerja dan sebesar Rp. 4.422.820/jam pada kondisi macet di luar jam kerja.

Kata Kunci: Jalan, Kendaraan, Kemacetan, Waktu, BBM dan Biaya Kerugian.
STUDI ANALISIS PROYEK JALAN SIDOHARJO KECAMATAN SENORI TUBAN DENGAN METODE ANALISIS KOMPONEN SKBI-2.3.26.1987
Authors: Setiawan Arief , Sugiyanto Sugiyanto 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAK
Proyek jalan Sidoharjo Kecamatan Senori Tuban merupakan pemeliharaan berkala atas kondisi jalan tersebut yang sebelumnya menggunakan jenis perkerasan lentur (flexible pavement). Kondisinya adalah perkerasan jalan tidak mempunyai kekuatan untuk menahan beban lalu lintas kendaraan secara keseluruhan, sehingga jalan tersebut mengalami penurunan (seattlement) dan pergeseran (sleeding) baik pada perkerasan jalan maupun pada tanah dasar. Akibatnya jalan tersebut menjadi bergelombang dan berlubang sampai akhirnya tingkat kerusakannya makin bertambah parah. Obyek dalam penelitian ini adalah proyek jalan menggunakan konstruksi jenis perkerasan kaku (rigid pavement) berupa jalan beton. Jalan beton memiliki modulus elastisitas yang tinggi, akan mendistribusikan beban terhadap bidang area tanah yang cukup luas, sehingga bagian terbesar dari kapasitas struktur perkerasan diperoleh dari slab beton sendiri. Hal ini berbeda dengan perkerasan lentur, dimana kekuatan perkerasan diperoleh dari lapisan-lapisan tebal pondasi bawah, pondasi dan lapisan permukaan. Berdasarkan parameter lalu lintas pada proyek jalan yang diteliti dengan menggunakan metode analisis komponen SKBI-2.3.26.1987 didapatkan data kendaraan yang melintas di jalan tersebut terdiri dari 55,4% jenis kendaraan berat dengan angka ekivalen E=1,0648 dan 44,6% jenis kendaraan ringan dengan angka ekivalen E=0,0072, lalu lintas harian rata-rata LHRT=56 kendaraan/hari/2 arah, lintas ekivalen permulaan LEP=33,1888, lintas ekivalen akhir LEA=49,4941, lintas ekivalen tengah LET=41,3415 dan lintas ekivalen rencana LER=62,0123. Berdasarkan parameter-parameter yang lain pada metode analisis komponen SKBI-2.3.26.1987 didapatkan daya dukung tanah dasar (DDT) dan california bearing ratio (CBR) yang diidentifikasi dari harga CBR yang mewakili CBR=4, faktor regional FR=3.0 – 3.5, indeks permukaan IP=1.5 – 2.0, koefisien kekuatan relatif a=0.15 dan batas-batas minimum tebal perkerasan 20 cm dengan indeks tebal perkerasan ITP=7.5 – 9.99.

Kata Kunci: Perkerasan, Jalan Beton, Lalu Lintas, Komponen, dan Ekivalen.
ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN DAN KETERSEDIAAN AIR BERSIH DI WILAYAH KECAMATAN TIGO NAGARI KABUPATEN PASAMAN
Authors: Nofrizal Nofrizal , Saputra Robi Agung 
Published: June 2021

Clean water is one of the basic needs in supporting human life, as an area that is developing and experiencing regional expansion, Tigo Nagari District needs more and more water along with its development, especially clean water. With the increase in the infrastructure of Tigo Nagari District, it is certain that for the next few years, Tigo Nagari District will need even more clean water.
In this study, an analysis of the need and availability of clean water was carried out in the Tigo Nagari District, Pasaman Regency. The analysis was carried out in the Tigo Nagari sub-district, which originates from the Batang Malandu river. In addition, this research will also evaluate the reservoir and distribution network in order to determine the current reservoir capacity and distribution network capability.
Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the total need for clean water in the Tigo Nagari District area in 2030 was 47.40 l / second, compared to the available discharge, the water source of the Batang Malandu river was still able to meet the needs of the population until 2030. evaluation results show that the reservoir capacity is still able to accommodate clean water needs.
Media Sosial dan Komunikasi Krisis
Authors: Akhyar Dani , Pratiwi Arum Sekar 
Published: June 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang komunikasi krisis yang terjadi dan dilakukan melalui media sosial. Dua kasus yang dipilih adalah dari industri telekomunikasi. Cepat dan kompleksnya industri telekomunikasi menjadi alasan utama pemilihan teori utama dalam penelitian ini yaitu Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) yang dikembangkan oleh Coombs (2007). Industri telekomunikasi adalah salah satu industri yang rentan terkena krisis, apalagi produk telekomunikasi seperti smartphone dan internet sudah menjadi salah satu kebutuhan pokok setiap orang. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan SCCT di industri telekomunikasi membutuhkan beberapa catatan khusus. Pertama, perlunya sistem penanda krisis yang peka terhadap munculnya potensi krisis. Kedua, sistem respons yang cepat tanggap karena perilaku pelanggan telekomunikasi yang cenderung kurang sabar dan cepat menyebarkan berita negatif dengan media sosial mereka.
Kata Kunci: situational crisis communication theory, komunikasi krisis, industri telekomunikasi
Special Events Fashion Show Collaboration in Socializing Spongebobgold to Support Brand Awareness
Authors: Aruan Alexander Mamby , Jaya Henri Putra , Setiawan Adela , Hanslim Felicia 
Published: June 2021

MNC Licensing International sees the opportunity of expanding the target market of their brand animation SpongeBob. In its current state, SpongeBob has reached the maturity stage. SpongeBob feels the importance to extend the target market to millennials. Regarding this, SpongeBob created a global campaign called SpongeBob Gold. SpongeBob Gold's global campaign is a marketing public relations activity created through nine steps of strategic public relations planning to support brand awareness. This campaign uses a fashion show collaboration strategy that collaborates with the local designers from every country. For Indonesia, SpongeBob Gold collaborate with Indonesian local designer Tities Sapoetra. This fashion show collaboration gives the experience to the fans and uses an influencer to deliver its message. This research uses communication theory, marketing public relations, special event and nine steps of strategic public relations planning in analyzing the implementation of SpongeBob Gold. The methodology that is being used in this research is called qualitative methods by conducting in-depth interviews. The results show that the implementation has had a good outcome. Using the nine steps of strategic public relations planning, the author can understand the implementation of a good strategy in establishing the increasing awareness of the SpongeBob Gold that has resulted in the increasing demand of the licensed of SpongeBob.

Keywords: marketing public relations, brand repositioning, special event, brand awareness, fashion show collaboration
#BodyProudMums: Promoting Body Positivity through Brand Storytelling on Social Media
Authors: Arindita Ruvira 
Published: June 2021

Previous researches showed that there is relation between body image satisfaction and depression in perinatal period. Given this fact, it is important to educate and find ways to enhance mothers’ postpartum self-esteem and body satisfaction. For the last decade body image literature has risen and brought to new discussion about body positivity. This research focuses on women’s body positivity campaign presented by Mothercare called #BodyProudMums. The objective of this research is to identify the storytelling elements used to promote women’s body positivity campaign and whether the issue creates good brand story for Mothercare. The concepts used are body positivity, postpartum, brand storytelling, and social media with qualitative content analysis as research method. The unit of analysis are ten posts of #BodyProudMums campaign on @mothercareuk, while the samples are three randomly chosen posts. This research notes that the body positivity messages of body appreciation, body acceptance, and love, as well as broad conceptualization of beauty are carried out by the elements of storytelling namely: basic plots (the quest), archetype (the change master) with the following story objectives: communicating who they are, fostering collaboration, transmitting values and sparking action. There are only three out of four elements of good brand story present on the campaign. However, the absence of humor element is justified because of the nature of the postpartum story in which it shares mothers’ hardship and how they finally cope with it. Therefore, it can be said that the issue of mothers’ body positivity creates good brand story for Mothercare.
Key words: positive body image, postpartum, brand storytelling, social media