bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Virtual Reality on Upper Extremity in Patients with Obstetric Brachial Plexus Injury
Authors: Karas Havva Ezgi , Atıcı Emine , Aydın Gamze , Demirsöz Mert 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe present study aimed to examine the effects of playing Nintendo Wii games on upper extremity functions compared with conventional physiotherapy, in children with obstetric brachial plexus injury (OBPI). Twenty-two patients with brachial plexus injuries were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups by simple randomization. The control group (conventional physiotherapy group [CTG]: n = 11) received conventional physiotherapy for 6 weeks (40 minutes per day, for 4 days per week). The study group, called Nintendo Wii group (NWG; n = 11), received conventional physiotherapy as well as tennis, baseball, and boxing games with Nintendo Wii on days when there was no physical therapy. The upper extremity range of motion (ROM) was evaluated using a digital goniometer, motor function was assessed using the Active Movement Scale (AMS), and shoulder functions were assessed with the Mallet Scoring System (MSS). Virtual reality treatment had a positive effect on shoulder flexion, forearm pronation, wrist flexion, ROM, and functionality (p < 0.05). There was a significant improvement in shoulder abduction and shoulder external rotation in the CTG (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the MSS values of either groups (p > 0.05). As per the AMS, in the NWG, the shoulder internal rotation increased significantly (p < 0.05). Nintendo Wii treatment used in addition to conventional physiotherapy may be effective in increasing upper extremity functions in children with OBPI.
New holographic Weyl superconductors in Lifshitz gravity
Authors: Lu Jun-Wang , Wu Ya-Bo , Li Huai-Fan , Liao Hao , Zheng Yong , Dong Bao-Ping 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We build holographic p-wave conductor(insulator)/superconductor models via the numerical method with a new form of Weyl coupling in five-dimensional Lifshitz gravity, and then investigate how the Weyl coupling parameter γ and the Lifshitz scaling parameter z affect the superconductor models. In the conductor/superconductor model, an increase in the Weyl correction (Lifshitz scaling) enhances (inhibits) the superconductor phase transition. Meanwhile, both the Weyl correction (when the Lifshitz parameter is large enough and fixed) and the Lifshitz scaling suppress the growth of the real part of the conductivity. The Weyl correction used here (CB
2) shows weaker effects on the critical value than the previous Weyl correction (CF
2). In the insulator/superconductor model, larger vaules of the Weyl parameter hinder the formation of condensate. However, in increase in the Lifshitz scaling enhances the appearance of condensate. In addition, the calculation suggests that a competitive relation may exist between the Weyl correction and the Lifshitz scaling.
Cleveland Clinic International IV Robotics Summit
Authors: Long Jordan , Calabrese Samuel , Al-jedai Ahmed , Boyd Anthony , Cotugno Michael , Dorn Mitchell , Fanikos John , Freudiger Michael J , Kraemer Irene , Lopez-Cabezas Carmen , Smith Abbi , de Stoppelaar Francine M , Usher Jerry , Yaniv Angela W , Knoer Scott 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Purpose
The proceedings of an international summit on the current and desired future state of use of robotic systems to compound intravenous (IV) solutions are summarized.

Summary
The International IV Robotics Summit was held at the Cleveland Clinic main campus in Cleveland, OH, on April 29 and 30, 2019. The purpose of the summit was 2-fold: (1) to define the current state of robotic IV compounding and (2) to develop a guide for automation companies, pharmacy departments, and drug manufacturers to improve the technology and expand the use of IV robotics in health systems in the future. The first day of the summit included 45-minute presentations by each of the speakers. Each lecturer recounted a different hospital’s experience implementing and using IV robotics. On day 2 of the summit, an expert panel dedicated to mapping the future of IV robotics was convened to determine barriers to widespread adoption of IV robotics in health systems and offer potential solutions to remove these barriers. The expert panel targeted 3 specific audiences: robot manufacturers, drug manufacturers, and fellow pharmacy leaders.

Conclusion
It is the hope of the international faculty that the information that emerged from the summit can be used by others to successfully implement IV compounding robotics in their sterile products areas to maximize patient safety. The summit also served as a call to action for pharmacy leaders, drug manufacturers, and robotic companies to develop a safer, more efficient future for patients by working together to optimize the development and operation of IV robotics.
Improving isobutanol tolerance and titers through EMS mutagenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Su Yide , Shao Wenju , Zhang Aili , Zhang Weiwei 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
Improving yeast tolerance toward isobutanol is a critical issue enabling high-titer industrial production. Here, we used EMS mutagenesis to screen Saccharomyces cerevisiae with greater tolerance toward isobutanol. By this method, we obtained EMS39 with high-viability in medium containing 16 g/L isobutanol. Then, we metabolically engineered isobutanol synthesis in EMS39. About 2μ plasmids carrying PGK1p-ILV2, PGK1p-ILV3 and TDH3p-cox4-ARO10 were used to over-express ILV2, ILV3 and ARO10 genes, respectively, in EMS39 and wild type W303-1A. And the resulting strains were designated as EMS39-20 and W303-1A-20. Our results showed that EMS39-20 increased isobutanol titers by 49.9% compared to W303-1A-20. Whole genome resequencing analysis of EMS39 showed that more than 59 genes had mutations in their open reading frames or regulatory regions. These 59 genes are enriched mainly into cell growth, basal transcription factors, cell integrity signaling, translation initiation and elongation, ribosome assembly and function, oxidative stress response, etc. Additionally, transcriptomic analysis of EMS39-20 was carried out. Finally, reverse engineering tests showed that overexpression of CWP2 and SRP4039 could improve tolerance of S.cerevisiae toward isobutanol. In conclusion, EMS mutagenesis could be used to increase yeast tolerance toward isobutanol. Our study supplied new insights into mechanisms of tolerance toward isobutanol and enhancing isobutanol production in S. cerevisiae.
What Makes Content Engaging? How Emotional Dynamics Shape Success
Authors: Berger Jonah , Kim Yoon Duk , Meyer Robert 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Some cultural products (e.g., books and movies) catch on and become popular, while others fail. Why? While some have argued that success is unpredictable, we suggest that period-to-period shifts in sentiment—what we term sentiment volatility—enhance engagement. Automated sentiment analysis of over 4,000 movies demonstrates that more volatile movies are evaluated more positively. Consistent with the notion that sentiment volatility makes experiences more stimulating, the effect is stronger in genres where evaluations are more likely to be driven stimulation (i.e., thrillers rather than romance). Further, analysis of over 30,000 online articles demonstrate that people are more likely to continue reading more volatile articles. By manipulating sentiment volatility in follow-up experiments, we underscore its causal impact on evaluations, and provide evidence for the role of stimulation in these effects. Taken together, the results shed light on what drives engagement, the time dynamics of sentiment, and cultural analytics or why some cultural items are more successful.
How and Why Our Eating Decisions Neglect Infrequently Consumed Foods
Authors: Sussman Abigail B , Paley Anna , Alter Adam L 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article introduces a novel distinction between foods as a function of the frequency with which consumers eat them, and investigates how this distinction influences dietary beliefs and decisions. It compares food types perceived to be consumed relatively infrequently (i.e., infrequent foods) to those perceived to be consumed relatively frequently (i.e., frequent foods). Across an analysis of archival data from a popular calorie tracking app and five experiments examining hypothetical consumption decisions, findings support the conclusion that infrequent foods provide unique challenges for consumers. All else equal, consumers select larger portions of infrequent (vs. frequent) foods. Further, consumers are less likely to compensate (i.e., eat less) after consuming equal amounts of infrequent versus frequent foods. This pattern of results arises because consumers erroneously believe that infrequent foods have a smaller impact on their weight than frequent foods do, even in the presence of caloric information. Optimistically, participants can be taught to overcome this bias through a brief informational intervention.
Tattoo Trouble: A Case of Drug-induced Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Jahncke Alexander , Kay Victoria , Fiore Benjamin 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT
Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole, otherwise known as Bactrim or Septra, is a commonly prescribed antibiotic for soft tissue infections. Drug-induced thrombocytopenia is a rare but serious adverse reaction to sulfonamide antibiotics like Bactrim/Septra. A 34-year-old active duty marine male with no significant past medical history presented with a chief complaint of a rash on his lower extremities. The patient stated that 2 weeks earlier, he was prescribed Bactrim for cellulitis at the site of a new tattoo. The intern noted a petechial rash that was pathognomonic for thrombocytopenia. Laboratory testing confirmed the patient’s thrombocytopenia with platelets of 2,000/μL on initial complete blood count, without pancytopenia or other coagulopathies. The blood smear indicated a profound lack of platelets but otherwise normal cell counts and morphology. In the emergency department, the patient was typed and crossed, platelets were ordered, and hematology–oncology was consulted. Once admitted to the internal medicine ward, he was administered glucocorticoids as well as platelet transfusions. He was monitored for 3 days and discharged with a diagnosis of resolved drug-induced thrombocytopenia. This case illustrates the importance of conducting a thorough review of systems and physical examination in stable and otherwise healthy patients. In this case, the seemingly benign rash was one of the only clinical signs of severe thrombocytopenia, with a high risk of spontaneous bleeding in clinically significant organ systems. It is important to recognize immune thrombocytopenic purpura as a potential complication of Bactrim/Septra, as this antibiotic is widely used by military providers in operational settings.
Anthems and Politics in the Restoration Chapel Royal
Authors: White Bryan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article investigates occasional anthems written for the Chapel Royal by Henry Purcell, John Blow, and William Turner in an attempt to understand the political work enacted through their texts and settings. The anthem’s place in the liturgy and its relationship to the sermon is considered, along with the ways in which anthem texts were selected, compiled, and adapted from source texts. Though occasional anthems usually served to interpret current events favourably for the regime, during the crisis caused by James II’s prosecution of the Seven Bishops Blow set texts that can be interpreted as challenging the king’s pro-Catholic policies. The article concludes by considering the extent to which the characteristics of an anthem text can be used to speculate on the occasion for which it was selected when that occasion is unknown, using the example of Purcell’s My song shall be alway.
Microsurgical Resection of a Pontine Cavernoma Using an Expanded Retrosigmoid Corridor: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Khan Nickalus R , Silva Michael A , Elarjani Turki , Morcos Jacques J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Cavernous malformations that have not previously bled have been reported to have an annual bleeding rate of 0.6% per year.
1
Those with prior hemorrhage have been reported to have rebleeding rates of up to 4.5%.
1
Additionally, infratentorial location, young age, and female gender have been associated with increased risk.
1
We present the case of a 26-yr-old female who initially presented to an outside institution with left-sided weakness. She improved following her initial bleeding event and presented to us for further management. A large, cavernous malformation in the right pons was identified on imaging. The patient underwent a right expanded retrosigmoid craniotomy with splitting of the horizontal cerebellar fissure to completely remove the lesion. The expanded retrosigmoid craniotomy allows for an enhanced view of the medial pontine region and can be utilized for appropriately selected brainstem cavernous malformations. The case presentation, surgical anatomy, operative nuances, and postoperative course and outcome are reviewed. The patient gave verbal consent for participating in the procedure and surgical video. The patient also consented to the publication of her image.
PerspectivesRe-legalizing cannabis for medical use in the USA
Authors: Victor Brenda , Hager Kathy , Stacy Shannon 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the history of cannabis, its benefits, risks and the federal re-legalization of cannabis for medical use in the USA.

Methods
Thirty-six states have legalized cannabis as a medicinal substance. Cannabis is a Schedule I drug, an illegal and controlled substance, making research on the substance challenging. Both the American Medical Association and the American Nurses Association have called for the re-scheduling of marijuana, so that research can be conducted, its benefits and risks discovered.

Results
Data are demonstrating that medical marijuana may be beneficial as a step-down drug, decreasing the use of opioids and benzodiazepines, as well as deaths related to their overdose. Studies have indicated that cannabis is a low-risk substance, when compared to alcohol and opioids. There appear to be specific conditions in which cannabis provides relief of symptoms which no other medications can provide. There is also evidence of cannabis’s negative effects on the developing brain.

Conclusion
Cannabis should be rescheduled and researched, so that its risks and benefits can be identified. Its medicinal use should be monitored, and its availability protected in children, pregnant women and pets.
The influence of changes in work stressors and coping resources on sleep disturbances: evidence from the OHSPIW cohort study
Authors: Jiang Yu , Li Peixin , Zhong Ling , Liu Baoying , Gao Xiaoyan , Ning Li , Lian Yulong , Liu Jiwen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractStudy ObjectivesWe investigated whether changes in psychosocial work conditions affect the risk of sleep disturbances.MethodsData pertaining to 2738 males and 1431 females were obtained from the Occupational Health Study of Petroleum Industry Workers (OHSPIW), a prospective cohort study of Chinese petroleum industry workers. The subjects were assessed with regard to work-related stressors, coping resources, and sleep disturbances at baseline (2012) and follow-up (2018). The variations in work stressors and coping resources, which were assessed using the Occupation Stress Inventory-Reviewed (OSI-R), were calculated. Sleep disturbances were evaluated with the self-reported Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).ResultsIncreased work stressors (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.24–1.99) and decreased coping resources (OR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.48–2.78) were correlated with the likelihood of sleep disturbances in male and female workers. The primary risk factors included high role overload, increased responsibility, enhanced physical environment stressors, reduced self-care, and reduced rational coping. A reduction in work stressors was a protective factor against sleep disturbances in females only (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.45–0.88). Coping resources had a modifying effect on the relationship between increased work stressors and sleep disturbances, with increased coping resources being associated with a lower odds of increased works stressors on sleep disturbances (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.01–1.66) than decreased coping resources (OR = 3.60, 95% CI = 1.10–11.81).ConclusionsChanges in work stressors and coping resources have a significant influence on the risk of sleep disturbances. Our findings highlight important precautionary strategies to abate adverse psychosocial working environments and to strengthen coping resources to prevent work-related sleep disturbances.
What happens when the party moves home? The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on U.S. college student alcohol consumption as a function of legal drinking status using longitudinal data
Authors: Ryerson Nicole C , Wilson Oliver W A , Pena Alejandra , Duffy Michele , Bopp Melissa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Many young adults in the United States (U.S.) moved from college accommodations to live with their parents/family during the Spring 2020 semester due to the COVID-19 pandemic. While alcohol consumption fluctuates during a typical semester among students, the impact of the sudden changes stemming from the pandemic on students’ alcohol consumption patterns is unclear. To examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on college student alcohol consumption while accounting for legal drinking age and living situation. Data were collected from students (n = 302) at a large, northeastern U.S. university at the beginning and end of the of the 2019 and 2020 Spring semesters via an online survey that assessed socio-demographic characteristics (age, gender, race/ethnicity, living situation) and alcohol consumption using the daily drinking questionnaire. Data were analyzed using a 2 (cohort group: COVID-19 vs. normal) × 2 (age group: above 21 vs. under 21) × 2 (time: beginning vs. end of the semester) mixed model ANOVA. There was a significant three-way interaction. Students over the legal drinking age impacted by the pandemic demonstrated a drastic decrease in alcohol consumption by the end of the semester compared to those under normal circumstances. Change in living situation as a result of the pandemic drastically impacted the alcohol consumption patterns of students over the legal drinking age. Suggestions for future research on the continuing effects of the pandemic on students are discussed.
Transitioning Newly Licensed Nurses Into Practice Through an Academic-Practice Partnership
Authors: Fletcher Janet , Moore Farren , Riley Elizabeth 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Research illustrates a clear gap between academic and practice facilities concerning new graduate nurses. Nursing programs are charged with training nursing graduates who can provide safe, quality patient care. One way to enhance the quality of patient care and aid with retention of new graduate nurses in health care facilities is through academic-practice partnerships. This article describes the planning, implementation, and evaluation of a partnership between a health care facility and an associate of applied science nursing degree program to aid with registered nurse retention and quality patient care.
Directly Cooling Gut Prevents Mortality in the Rat Model of Reboa Management of Lethal Hemorrhage
Authors: Liu Chunli , Yuan Dong , Crawford Robert , Sarkar Rajabrata , Hu Bingren 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is a lifesaving technique for the management of lethal torso hemorrhage. Its benefit, however, must be weighed against the lethal distal organ ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). This study uses a novel direct gut cooling technique to manage the distal organ IRI.

Methods:
A rat lethal hemorrhage model was established by bleeding of 50% of the estimated total blood volume via inferior vena cava. A novel TransRectal Intra-Colon (TRIC) temperature management device was positioned in the descending colon either to maintain intra-colon temperature at 37°C or 12°C. The upper body temperature was maintained at as close to 37°C as possible in both groups. A 2F Fogarty balloon catheter was inserted via the femoral artery into the descending thoracic aorta for the implementation of REBOA. After REBOA, the balloon was deflated, and the shed blood was returned. The temperature managements were continued for additional 180 to 270 min during the post-REBOA period.

Results:
All rats subjected to REBOA management of lethal hemorrhage at 37°C had severe histopathological gut and abdominal organ IRI, severe functional deficits, and died within 24 h with 100% mortality. By contrast, directly cooling the colon to 10°C to 12°C with the novel TRIC device abolished mortality, and dramatically improved ABG parameters, prevented the abdominal organ injury, and reduced the functional deficits during the 7-day post-REBOA period.

Conclusions:
Direct trans-rectal colon cooling during REBOA management of lethal hemorrhage offers extraordinary functional improvement and amazing tissue protection, and abolishes mortality.
Comparison of Vasopressin versus Norepinephrine in a Pig Model of Refractory Cardiogenic Shock Complicated by Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitated with Veno-arterial ECMO
Authors: Klein Thomas , Grandmougin Daniel , Liu Yihua , Orlowski Sophie , Albuisson Eliane , Tran N’Guyen , Levy Bruno 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
The choice of the best vasopressor after ExtraCorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) implantation after cardiac arrest is not well defined. Circulatory flow recovery with ECMO is associated with vasoplegia and vasopressor need. The present study aimed to compare the effects of norepinephrine and vasopressin in the first 6 h after ECMO initiation.

Methods:
Cardiac arrest was induced in 20 pigs by coronary surgical ligature and veno-arterial-ECMO was started after a 30-min period of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. Pigs were randomized into two groups, arginine vasopressin (AVP) or norepinephrine (NE), with the drugs titrated to maintain a mean arterial pressure (MAP) at 65 mm Hg. Macrocirculatory and metabolic parameters were assessed by lactate clearance. Microcirculatory parameters were assessed by sublingual microcirculation with Sidestream Dark Field imaging and peripheral Near InfraRed Spectroscopy. Pulmonary edema was evaluated by measuring lung wet/dry weight ratio.

Results:
No difference was found between groups regarding ECMO flow and MAP. Fluid resuscitation volume was higher in the NE group (14,000 [11,250–15,250] mL vs. 3,500 [1,750–4,000] mL in the AVP group, P < 0.05). Lung wet/dry weight ratio was higher in the Norepinephrine group. Lactate clearance between H0 and H6 was higher in the AVP group (47.84 [13.42–82.73]% vs. the NE group 25.66 [−7.31 to 35.34)% vs. P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed for sublingual microcirculation values. Baseline tissue oxygen saturation was comparable and higher at both H3 and H6 in the Vasopressin group comparatively to the Norepinephrine group (P < 0.05). Renal and liver function evolution also remained similar in the two groups throughout the study.

Conclusions:
AVP administration in refractory cardiac arrest resuscitated by veno-arterial-ECMO is associated with a faster lactate clearance, less fluid resuscitation, and less pulmonary edema when compared with NE for similar global and regional hemodynamic effects.