bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Matched Case-Control Study of Beans Intake And Breast Cancer Risk in Urbanized Nigerian Women.
Authors: Bigman Galya , Adebamowo Sally , Yaw King-David Terna , Yilkudi Monday , Olaomi Oluwole , Badejo Olawale , Famooto Ayo , Ezeome Emmanuel , Salu lliya Karmiliyus , Miner Elijah , Anosike Ikrchukwu , Achusi Benjamin , Adebamowo Clement 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose. Beans intake has been associated with reduced risk of breast cancer (BRCA), however; only few studies considered molecular subtypes status and none in African women. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the associations between dietary intake of beans and BRCA including its subtypes in Nigerian women.Methods. Overall, 472 newly diagnosed patients with primary invasive BRCA were age-matched (±5 years) with 472 controls from the Nigerian Integrative Epidemiology of Breast Cancer (NIBBLE) Study from 01/2014-07/2016. We collected dietary intake of beans using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Beans intake was categorized into three levels of never (never in the past year), low (≤1 portion/week) and high intake (>1 portions/week). We used conditional and unconditional logistic regression models to estimate the Odds Ratio (OR) of beans intake and the risk of overall BRCA and by its molecular subtypes.Results. The mean (SD) age of cases was 44.4(10.0) and of controls was 43.5(9.5) years. In the case group, more than half (51.1%) has never consumed beans alone in the past year compared to 39.0% in the control group. In multivariable models, we found significant inverse associations between beans intake and overall BRCA risk (OR=0.57; 95%CI: 0.38-0.85), hormone receptor-positive BRCA (OR=0.45, 95%CI: 0.23-0.90) and triple-negative BRCA (OR=0.47 95%CI: 0.25-0.88). Conclusion. Dietary intake of beans of more than one portions a week is associated with reduced risk of BRCA in African women and it may play a significant role in reducing the incidence of BRCA particularly of the more aggressive triple-negative subtype, which is more prevalent in SSA.
Usefulness of Automated Image Analysis for Recognition of the Fragile X Syndrome Gestalt in Congolese Subjects
Authors: Lubala Toni Kasole , Kayembe-Kitenge Tony , Mubungu Gerrye , Lumaka Aimé , Kanteng Gray , Savage Sarah , Luboya Oscar , Hagerman Randi , Devriendt Koenraad , Lukusa-Tshilobo Prosper 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Computer-aided software such as the facial image diagnostic aid (FIDA) and Face2Gene has been developed to perform pattern recognition of facial features with promising clinical results. The aim of this study was to test Face2Gene's recognition performance on Bantu Congolese subjects with Fragile X syndrome (FXS) as compared to Congolese subjects with intellectual disability but without FXS (non-FXS).
Method
Frontal facial photograph from 156 participants (14 patients with FXS and 142 controls) were uploaded. Automated face analysis was conducted by using the technology used in proprietary software tools called Face2Gene CLINIC and Face2Gene RESEARCH (version 17.6.2). To estimate the statistical power of the Face2Gene technology in distinguishing affected individuals from controls, a cross validation scheme was used.
Results
The similarity seen in the upper facial region (of males and females) is greater than the similarity seen in other parts of the face. Binary comparison of FXS subjects versus subjects with ID negative for Fragile X syndrome and FXS subjects versus subjects with Down syndrome reveal an area under the curve values of 0.955 (p=0.002) and 0.986 (p=0.003).
Conclusion
The Face2Gene algorithm is separating well between FXS and Non-FXS subjects.
Klebseilla Oxytoca; An Efficient Pyrene-Degrading Bacterial Strain Isolated from Petroleum Contaminated Soil
Authors: Alfaify Abdulkhaleg M. , Mir Mushtaq Ahmad , Alrumman Sulaiman A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the hazardous xenobiotic agents of oil production. One of the methods to eliminate hazardous compounds is bioremediation, which is the most efficient and cost-effective method to eliminate the harmful byproducts of crude petroleum processing. In this study, five pure bacterial isolates were isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil, four of which showed a robust growth on pyrene as a sole carbon source. Various methods viz mass spectroscopy, biochemical assays, and 16s RNA sequencing employed to identify the isolates ascertained the consistent identification of Klebsiella oxytoca by all three methods. Scanning electron microscopy and Gram staining further demonstrated the characterization of the K. oxytoca. High-performance liquid chromatography of the culture supernatant of K. oxytoca grown in pyrene containing media showed that the cells started utilizing pyrene from the 6th day onwards and by the 14th day of growth 3/4th of the pyrene was completely degraded. Genome search for the genes predicted to be involved in pyrene degradation using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) confirmed their presence in the genome of K. oxytoca. These results suggest that K. oxtoca would be a suitable candidate for removing soil aromatic hydrocarbons.
Turbulent Kinetic Energy of Flow During Inhale and Exhale to Characterize the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patient
Authors: Faizal W. M. , Ghazali N. N.N , Khor C. Y. , Zainon M. Z. , Ibrahim Norliza Binti , Razif Roziana Mohd 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper aims to investigate and present the numerical investigation of airflow characteristics using Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE) to characterize the upper airway with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) under inhale and exhale breathing conditions. The importance of TKE under both breathing conditions can show an accurate method in expressing the severity of flow in sleep disorder. Computational fluid dynamics are used to simulate the upper airway's airflow via steady-state Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) with k–ω shear stress transport (SST) turbulence model. The three-dimensional (3D) airway model is created based on the CT scan images of an actual patient, meshed with 1.29 million elements using Materialise Interactive Medical Image Control System (MIMICS) and ANSYS software, respectively. Both high TKE and Rev were noticed around the region after the necking (smaller cross-sectional area) during the inhale and exhale breathing. The turbulent kinetic energy could be used as a valuable measure to identify the severity of OSA. This study is expected to provide a better understanding and clear visualization of the airflow characteristics during the inhale and exhale breathing in the upper airway of patients for the medical practitioners in the OSA research field.
Roboustness of Hydrogen Bonding in the Construction of Supramolecular Architechures in Protonated Perchlorate Salts
Authors: Sathya D. , Karthikeyan N. , Padmavathy R. , Jagan R. , Saminathan K. , Akilan R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Five new multicomponent salts of perchloric acid with a series of substituted anilines and N-heterocyclic amines namely Diphenylaminium perchlorate (DPAPC) (1), 2, 5-dichloroanilinium perchlorate (25DAP) hydrate (2), 4-Methylanilinium perchlorate (4MAPC) (3), 4-diamino-6-methyl-1, 3, 5-triazin-1-ium hydrogen perchlorate (24DAMTHP) (4) and 8-hydroxyquinolinium hydrogen perchlorate (8HQP) (5) were prepared and structurally characterized. The entire complexes were subjected to FTIR and elemental analysis. A vast family of intermolecular contacts N-H…O, O-H…O, N-H…N and C-H…O were observed, which are key ingredient in the generation of privileged supramolecular self-assemblies appeared as one-dimensional chain, two-dimensional ladder and helix. Cambridge structural Database (CSD) analysis of 52 hits revealed the perchloric acid display higher propensity of ladder architectures. Molecular stability of the complexes were studied by quantum chemical calculations using DFT/B3LYP method with 6-31G(d,p) basis set. Further their relative charge distributions were identified using molecular electrostatic potential map. The use of Hirshfeld surfaces in combination with fingerprint plots was visualized in order to study the closer contacts within the molecule. The relative contribution of whole percentage of interactions associated is highlighted.
Opioid use in Older Orthopedic Rehabilitation Inpatients: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Bilek Aaron Jason , Cullen Stephanie , Tan Carolyn Michelle , Li Qixuan , Huszti Ella , Norman Richard E 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: While there is much evidence about pain management for orthopedic patients in the immediate perioperative setting, little is known about how opioids are used during inpatient rehabilitation in the days and weeks that follow, particularly in older adults. A safe upper limit of 50 oral morphine equivalents (OME) is frequently cited in guidelines. This study’s objective is to characterize the use of opioids in an older adult population undergoing orthopedic rehabilitation. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study of adults aged ≥50 years old admitted for orthopedic rehabilitation between November 2019 and June 2021 at an academic rehabilitation hospital in Toronto, Canada. Acute care admissions preceding rehabilitation were for either a surgical or non-surgical orthopedic indication. Participants were divided into opioid-naïve individuals who received opioids, opioid-naïve individuals who did not receive opioids, and pre-existing chronic users of opioids. Demographic, clinical, and medication administration data were collected through the electronic health record and manual chart review. Average daily opioid dose for the first seven days of each stay was characterized using OME. Linear regression was used to assess for variables independently associated with opioid dose. Results: A total of 643 patients undergoing orthopedic rehabilitation were included: 125 (19.4%) involved chronic opioid users, 416 (64.7%) were opioid-naïve patients who received opioids, and 102 (15.9%) were opioid-naïve patients who did not receive opioids, with median age respectively of 72, 79, and 83. Median daily OME over the first week for chronic users was 30.3 and for opioid-naïve users was 6.9. Opioid dose was significantly positively associated with reported pain as defined by day 3 pain score and knee replacement; it was inversely associated with admission for a non-surgical indication and age. Conclusions: Opioids are frequently but heterogeneously used in older adults undergoing orthopedic rehabilitation. Median OME use in this cohort of older adults was substantially lower than the 50 OME threshold suggested in guidelines. Dedicated guidance for opioid use is warranted for this unique patient population.
The Impact of the Serotonin Transporter Gene Promoter DNA Methylation on Anorexia Nervosa：A Preliminary Longitudinal Study
Authors: Chen Jue , Xiao Zeping , He Qianqian , Kang Qing , Yu Shunying , Peng Sufang , Chen Han , Lin Zhiguang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
BackgroudThe serotonin system has been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa (AN). The promoter region of serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4), also called 5-HTTLPR, responsible for serotonin reuptake, has received much attention, especially 5-HTTLPR methylation, which was associated with abnormal eating behaviors. The study was aimed to explore the association between 5-HTTLPR methylation and AN, as well as its predictive effect on therapeutic response.Methods91 AN patients and 87 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. Only 30 patients completed the 12-week follow-up. 5-HTTLPR methylation levels and clinical symptoms were assessed at baseline for all participants, at the fourth and the twelfth week for follow-up patients. 5-HTTLPR methylation was measured by MassArray methods and clinical symptoms were mainly evaluated by the EDE-Q6.0 scale. ResultsAN patients had higher methylation at CpG 11, CpG 24.25, CpG 31.32 and CpG_mean than healthy controls (P=0.039, 0.042, 0.018, 0.001). Furthermore, it was the binge/purging subtype that revealed significant hypermethylation at CpG4 and CpG_mean (P=0.027, 0.031). However, it failed to discover significant differences between AN-R and AN-BP groups at all units. Besides, CpG 11 methylation level was positively correlated with EDEQ-6.0 total score in patients (r=0.226, P=0.047). The methylation level of CpG11, CpG26.27.28, CpG31.32, CpG33.34.35.36 and CpG_mean decreased after treatment, but not significantly. 5-HTTLPR methylation was not significantly different between the two groups after treatment.ConclusionsOur study provided preliminary evidence that 5-HTTLPR methylation played vital roles in AN pathogenesis. The characteristic of 5-HTTLPR among untreated AN patients was hypermethylation. However, whether it is the biomarker to distinguish the subtypes and therapeutic response of AN needs further investigation.
Ontogeny of Adenohypophyseal Cells, Pituitary Gland Development and Structure in Adults of Astyanax Lacustris (Teleostei, Characidae): an Emerging Neotropical Fish Species
Authors: Branco Giovana Souza , De Jesus Lázaro Wender O. , Cassel Monica , Chehade Chayrra , Camargo Marília de Paiva , Dias Gisele C. M. , Borella Maria Ines 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Pituitary gland morphogenesis of the adenohypophyseal (AH) cells of Astyanax lacustris are presented herein. This Characiformes species show great ecological and commercial importance, and it has been increasingly used as a biological model. The first AH cells of A. lacustris were detected at 1 dah by the immunostaining of PRL producing cells. The morphology of the gland presented changes in shape throughout the development, starting elongated but more oval at the end. The neurohypophysis was differentiated at 3 dah, along with the identification of ACTH, MSH, TSH, and FSH producing cells. Identification of the immunoreactive cells to anti-LH, anti-SL, and anti-GH antibodies occurred at 5 dah. At 20 dah, an increase in pituitary size and the presence of the pituitary stalk were observed. At 60 dah, the pituitary already had the same shape seen in adults. The ontogeny of adenohypophyseal cells in A. lacustris corroborates the heterogeneity in the appearance of these cell types in teleosts and suggests that these hormones actively participate during the early development of this species. Our results collaborate with the understanding of the morphogenesis of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in South American teleosts, showing essential data for the development of future studies related to pituitary morphophysiology.
The Effect of Renewable Energy Development, Market Regulation, and Technological Innovation on CO2 Emission in BRICS Countries
Authors: Abbas Shah , Gui Peng , Ai Chen , Ali Najabat 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The relationship between energy, environment, and economic growth has been received a lot of attention recently among scientific studies, but environmental sustainability remains a global issue. Renewable energy production, technological advancement, and regulatory policy mechanisms can all help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and support environmental sustainability. The purpose of this study was to look at the influence of renewable energy development, market regulation, and technological innovation on carbon emissions in the BRICS countries. Renewable energy development is measured by the contribution of renewables to the total primary energy supply. The market regulation represents the measure of environmental regulation policies that the state administrative department uses to manage or limit pollution. Technological innovation is measured by environment-related technologies. To examine the symmetric and asymmetric relationship between study variables, we used a second-generation panel unit root test, linear and nonlinear co-integration tests, and linear and nonlinear ARDL. Using a symmetric approach, we found that renewable energy development, technological innovation, and market-based environmental regulation policies had a considerable positive impact on lowering carbon emissions (CE). Furthermore, the combined effect of market regulation and renewable energy development, as well as market regulation and technology innovation on CE is negative and significant. In the asymmetric specification, we found that positive and negative shocks are not uniform but vary according to ascending and descending movement in the primary variables. In nonlinear specification, the long run effects are higher than the short run. The study suggests renewable energy development, technical innovation, and market-based regulation environmental policies are the main mechanisms to reduce carbon emission in BRICS countries.
A Prediction Model for Cure of Peritoneal Dialysis-Associated Peritonitis: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Meng Lingfei , Yang Liming , Zhu Xueyan , Zhang Xiaoxuan , Li Xinyang , Cheng Siyu , Guo Shizheng , Zhuang Xiaohua , Zou Hongbin , Luo Ping , Cui Wenpeng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
AimPeritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis (PDAP) is a severe complation of PD. And it is an important issue about whether it can be cured. At present, there is no available prediction model for peritonitis cure. Therefore, the present work aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction model for peritonitis cure in PDAP patients.MethodsPD patients who developed PDAP from four dialysis centers in Northeast China were followed up. According to the region of PD, data were divided into training and validation datasets. First of all, a nomogram for peritonitis cure was established based on the training dataset. Later, performance of the nomogram model was assessed by discrimination (C-statistic), calibration and decision curves. ResultsIn total, 1063 episodes of peritonitis were included in the final analysis, including 806 in the training dataset and 257 in the validation dataset. During the follow-up period, 621 and 199 cases in the training and validation datasets, respectively, reported peritonitis cure. Predictors incorporated in the final nomogram model included PD duration, serum albumin, antibiotics prior to admission, and type of causative organisms. The C-statistic values were 0.76 (95% CI: 0.72–0.80) in the training dataset and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.70–0.84) in the validation dataset. The nomogram exhibited favorable performance in terms of calibration in both the training and validation datasets.ConclusionThis study develops a practical and convenient nomogram for the prediction of peritonitis cure in PDAP patients, which assists in the clinical decision-making.
Genetic Structure in Neotropical Birds with Different Tolerance To Urbanization
Authors: Rodríguez-Bardía Mauricio , Fuchs Eric J. , Barrantes Gilbert , Madrigal-Brenes Ruth , Sandoval Luis 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Gene flow in birds can be affected by urbanization depending on natural history traits and adaptability to habitat change. Contrasting results can be expected when comparing species with opposite resilience to urbanization. In this study, we assessed genetic diversity and structure for two bird species, the urban avoider white-eared ground-sparrow, Melozone leucotis, and the urban dweller house wren Troglodytes aedon. We used seven microsatellite loci and sampled five locations with differing levels of urbanization in Costa Rica. We found considerably higher genetic structure in white-eared ground-sparrows than in house wrens. Circuit theory analyses proved a higher isolation from urban resistance for the white-eared ground-sparrow than for house wrens. These results support that urbanization is a significant barrier for gene flow in urban avoiders, in contrast to urban dweller species that showed little to no impact. Differences could be attributed to a higher plasticity in habitat and nesting site preferences in the house wren, and significant dispersal limitation for the white-eared ground-sparrow. These results emphasize the need for conservation strategies towards white-eared ground-sparrows and other urban avoider species whose habitat and connectivity have been reduced by the recent urban expansion.
Surgical Efficacy and Prognosis of 54 Cases of Spinal Metastases from Breast Cancer
Authors: weitao Yao , Zhehuang Li , Boya Zhang , Xinhui Du , Jiaqiang Wang , Peng Zhang , Xin Wang , Limin Niu , Min Yan , Xiaohui Niu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the efficacy and complications of spinal metastasis surgery for breast cancer; to understand the survival and the influencing factors; and to verify the predictive ability of the currently used spinal metastasis cancer survival prediction scoring system on the 1-year postoperative survival rate.
METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted on 54 patients with spinal metastases from breast cancer who underwent open surgery after multidisciplinary consultation in our hospital from January 2017 to October 2020. Patient demographic-related variables, breast cancer-related variables, spinal disorders-related variables, and treatment-related variables were collected. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method, one-way tests were performed using the Log-rank method for factors that might affect prognosis, and candidate variables were included in the Cox model for multifactor analysis. The Tomita score, modified Tokuhashi score, modified Bauer score, modified Katagiri score were examined by plotting the subject operating characteristic curve (ROC) and calculating the area under curve (AUC) The AUC was used to test the predictive ability of the SORG (Skeletal Oncology Research Group) original version, SORG line graph version, and SORG web version for 1-year postoperative survival in patients with spinal metastases from breast cancer.
RESULTS
The average age was 51.3±8.6 years in 54 patients. Twenty-one patients underwent vertebral body debulking surgery, 32 patients underwent palliative canal decompression, and 1 patient underwent vertebral en bloc resection, with an operative time of 229.3 ± 87.6 minutes and intraoperative bleeding of 1018.1 ± 931.1 ml. Postoperatively, the patient experienced significant pain relief and gradual recovery from nerve injury. Major surgical complications included cerebrospinal fluid leakage, secondary spinal cord injury, spinal tumor progression, and broken of fixation. The mean survival time was 32.2 months, including a 6-month survival rate of 90.7%, a 1-year survival rate of 77.8%, and a 2-year survival rate of 60.3%. Univariate analysis showed that pre-operation with neurological deficits, hormone-insensitive type, with brain metastases were potential risk factors for poor prognosis. Multifactorial analysis showed that hormone-insensitive type and concomitant brain metastasis were independent risk factors associated with poor prognosis. The SORG web version had good ability to predict 1-year postoperative survival in patients with spinal metastases from breast cancer.
Conclusion
Spinal metastasis from breast cancer has good surgical efficacy, low postoperative recurrence rate, and relatively long survival time after surgery. Patients with hormone-insensitive type, with brain metastasis have poor prognosis, and SORG web version can predict patients' 1-year survival more accurately.