bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of contraceptive use and its association with depression among women in the Jazan province of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alfaifi Mashael , Najmi Ali H. , Swadi Khadija H. , Almushtawi Abdullah A. , Jaddoh Sattam A. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Hormonal contraceptives (HC) are used for birth control and the treatment of premenopausal syndrome. Mood changes represent the leading reported cause of discontinuation of HC. Changes in mood vary from mild disturbances to severe clinical depression.

Objectives:
This study aims to estimate the prevalence of depression among HC users who visit primary health care centers in the Jazan Province of Saudi Arabia and to identify psycho-social factors that may predispose HC users to depression.

Methods:
A self-administered questionnaire was distributed among women who visited five primary health care centers in the Jazan Province. The survey included questions about socio-demographic information and an Arabic adaptation of the Beck Depression Inventory.

Results:
Among the 904 women surveyed, the prevalence of HC use was 57.3%. Mood disturbances were observed in approximately one-third of these women. There is was a significant correlation between higher depression scores and a history of depression therapy (P-value < 0.001), as moderate, severe, and extreme depression was more common in those with a history of taking depression therapy. The type of contraception used was also found to be a significant factor (P-value = 0.01) in the degree of depression.

Conclusion:
Approximately one-third of women using HC were shown to exhibit symptoms of mood disturbance. Working, limited social support, asked whether or not they experienced living problems in the past 2 months, and having an uncomfortable or somewhat comfortable marital relationship increased the likelihood of mood disturbances. Primary health care physicians should be aware of the relatively high prevalence of mood disturbances in women using HC, to provide support and care to patients.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice of travel medicine among primary health care physicians in the Cluster-1, Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sharahili Abeer Ahmed , AL-Eanzi Fayiz , Ghzwany Amal Ahmed , Alazmi Alhanouf Mamluh , Alhwsawi Esra Ali 
Published: July 2021

Introduction:
Travel medicine deals with prevention and management of health problems of travelers to avoid or reduce the risk of avoidable illnesses. Primary healthcare physicians are the key individuals to provide the same. The objective of current study was to explore the level of knowledge, attitude, and current practical application of travel medicine among primary health care physicians serving in the Riyadh Health Cluster, Saudi Arabia.

Methodology:
A descriptive cross-sectional study among 210 primary healthcare physicians serving in Riyadh Health Cluster was conducted using a paper-based self-administered questionnaire collecting information on socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge, attitude as well as practice of travel medicine.

Results:
The majority of study participants were females (117, 55.7%) and 63% (n = 133) were non-Saudi physicians. More than 30% that is 66 participants had clinical experience of less than 5 years and around 67% (i.e., 141) participants were serving at the designation of registrar/senior registrar. One hundred sixty-seven participants (79.5%) had ever provided health advice to the travelers. Majority of the study participants had gained information on the travel medicine through Ministry of Health guidelines (66%). Nearly 11.4% participants were not sure about the cause of occurrence of typhoid infection. As reported by 30.5%, travelers never really sought advice on the travel insurance. Nearly 79.5% participants reported to have provided post-travel consultation for diarrhea, followed by respiratory infection (45.2%), fever (42%), and skin problems (21%).

Conclusion:
The knowledge, attitude, and practice of travel medicine among primary healthcare physicians was found to be sub-optimal in Riyadh.
Preventability, predictability, severity and causality assessment of adverse drug reactions reported from a teaching hospital in chhattisgarh
Authors: Keche Yogendra , Gaikwad Nitin , Dhaneria Suryaprakash 
Published: July 2021

Background and Objectives:
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) can lead to significant morbidity, rarely mortality and financial burden over the patient. ADRs that can be prevented can be considered as form of medication error sometimes. This study assessed the preventability, predictability and severity of ADRs using different assessment scales.

Methods:
ADR Monitoring Centre under newly established teaching hospital in Chhattisgarh collected ADR reports from different healthcare professionals during the period from November 2016 to November 2018. Analysis of the reported ADRs was done for their causality assessment, demographic details of patients, most common drug class responsible for the ADR. Seriousness and preventability of ADRs were analysed by using WHO Causality Scale and Modified Schumock and Thornton Scale respectively. Severity of ADRs was assessed by Modified Hartwig and Siegel Scale.

Results:
Totally 288 ADRs were reported in a 2-year period. 92.01% ADRs were non serious. 44.8% were mild, 53.81% moderate and 1.39% were severe ADRs. Causality assessment showed: 5.21% certain, 54.86% probable, 39.24% possible and 0.69% unlikely ADRs. Around 26% ADRs were definitely and probably preventable and 27.78% ADRs were predictable. The highest number (32.29%) of ADRs were reported to antimicrobials. 11.15% ADRs were reported to NSAIDs, in that 37.5% ADRs were due to NSAIDs combination.

Conclusion:
Many ADRs in this study are non-serious, preventable and predictable. Management of such ADRs through therapeutic interventions would be beneficial in a better patient outcome. Multidisciplinary strategies involving physicians, pharmacists, other healthcare professionals and patient education and awareness about ADRs are needed for prevention of ADRs.
The prevalence of stress, stressors and coping mechanisms and the socio-demographic factors associated among the auto-rickshaw drivers in Bengaluru city, India
Authors: Joshi Amey , Reddy Raveendra H. R. , Agarwal Anurag 
Published: July 2021

Context:
Socio-demographic and environmental factors attribute to stress for auto-rickshaw driver leading to compromise of driver and passenger safety.

Aims:
This study assesses the prevalence and socio-demographic factors associated with stress and identifies the stressors and coping mechanisms in auto-rickshaw drivers.

Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 140 randomly selected auto-rickshaw drivers in Bengaluru city, India.

Methods and Material:
Data was collected at a place and time convenient to the study participants using semi-structured pre-tested tool. Stress was assessed using Cohen's Perceived Stress Scale.

Statistical Analysis:
Data was entered and analyzed using Epi Info™ software. Two sample t/ANOVA tests were used to compare the difference in means and standard deviations (SD) between the sub-groups. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Mean age of the auto-rickshaw drivers was 32.8 ± 8.3 years, majority belonged to the 25-30 years age-group. About 55.7%, 40.7% and 28.7% were consuming tobacco products, alcohol and some both, respectively. While the prevalence of self-reported stress was 76.4% (n = 107), 78.6% (n = 110) had stress based on Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) assessment. Mean PSS for participants self-reporting stress was 20.51 ± 5.25 as against 12.36 ± 4.98 who did not (P < 0.001). The mean PSS was 17.55 ± 4.13, 20.65 ± 5.23 and 23 ± 5.12 among those who self-reported having mild-, moderate- and severe-degree stress, respectively (P < 0.001). There was no significant association of any socio-demographic factors with the PSS score. Financial problems (n = 51; 47.7%) was the leading stressor, followed by road traffic (n = 49; 45.8%). Conclusions: Appropriate strategies are needed to address the high level of stress among auto-rickshaw drivers.
Risk of non-resumption of vaginal sex and dyspareunia among cesarean-delivered women
Authors: Doke Prakash Prabhakarrao , Vaidya Varsha Mahesh , Narula Arvinder Pal Singh , Patil Archana Vasantrao , Panchanadikar Tushar Madhavrao , Wagh Girija Narendra 
Published: July 2021

Context:
Many women have postpartum sexual dysfunction. The mode of delivery is an important determinant.

Aims:
To calculate the risk ratio of non-resumption of vaginal sex and dyspareunia during the postpartum period among cesarean-delivered women.

Settings and Design:
This large multisite study was conducted in 13 selected hospitals in Pune District during 2017–19.

Methods and Material:
A total of 3,112 women (half cesarean delivered and half vaginally) were interviewed by trained health workers using a structured questionnaire. Women were interviewed at 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 6 months.

Statistical analysis used:
Chi-square test was applied. A risk ratio with a 95% confidence interval was calculated.

Results:
At 6 weeks, the risk ratio of non-resumption of vaginal sex was significantly high among cesarean-delivered participants (1.14). Cesarean-delivered women had a lesser risk ratio of dyspareunia at both follow-ups (0.59, 0.49). Even at 6 months, about one-third vaginally delivered women had dyspareunia. The proportion of women non-resuming vaginal sex gradually decreased from 6 weeks to 6 months. The proportion of women having dyspareunia also decreased from 6 weeks to 6 months following childbirth. Residence in the rural area and cesarean delivery were the significant determinants of an early resumption of vaginal sex. Dyspareunia was significantly high among vaginal delivered than cesarean. About 25% of women continued to have dyspareunia up to 6 months.

Conclusions:
A large number of women suffer from dyspareunia; hence antenatal and postnatal care should include some counseling and management about the resumption of sex and dyspareunia.
Prevalence, Location along the Spine and Demographic Distribution of Vertebral Hemangiomas in Southern India
Authors: Pillai Suresh S. , Harisankar M. 
Published: July 2021

Purpose:
Vertebral hemangiomas (VHs) are the most common benign tumors of the spine. The aim of this study is to find the prevalence of VHs in the general population and its distribution along the vertebral column.

Materials and Methods:
The presence of VHs was assessed in the full spine magnetic resonance imaging of 624 participants. Demographic data were obtained from the patient's medical records.

Results:
VHs were present in 14.4% of the total study population. Multiple VHs were present in 2.2% of the study group and 15.5% of the participantswith VHs. The prevalence of VHs was sex independent with similar occurrence among males and females. The prevalence was age dependent with maximum appearing in the 40–59 age cohort. Lumbar vertebrae were found to be the most prone vertebrae for the occurrence of VHs.

Conclusions:
The prevalence of VHs is age dependent and sex independent. The lumbar region is the most common site of occurrence of VHs. The overall incidence of VHs is much higher than previously reported, probably due to the newer advancements in imaging techniques.
NOD2/CARD15 polymorphisms (P268S, IVS8+158, G908R, L1007fs, R702W) among Kuwaiti patients with Crohn's disease
Authors: Abdelnaby Hassan , Ndiaye Ndeye Coumba , D'Amico Ferdinando , Fouad Ahmed Mahmoud , Hassan Sameh , Elshafey Alaa , Al Hashash Wafaa , Faisal Mohammed , Alshamali Yousef , Al-Taweel Talal , Peyrin-Biroulet Laurent 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing two (NOD2/CARD15) gene polymorphisms are implicated in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD).

Aim:
To describe the allelic frequency of NOD2/CARD15 gene variants among Kuwaiti patients with CD and investigate potential genotype/phenotype associations.

Methods:
Adult Kuwaiti citizens with an established diagnosis of CD and healthy controls were enrolled from October 2018 to May 2020. Three common NOD2/CARD15 polymorphisms (R702W, G908R, and L1007fs) and P268S and IVS8 +158 polymorphisms were screened by polymerase chain reaction/restriction analysis length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP).

Results:
Ninety adult Kuwaiti patients with CD and 210 healthy subjects (as controls) were recruited. P268S, IVS8 +158, G908R, and R702W minor alleles were identified in 38.9%, 21.1%, 12.2%, and 4.4% of CD patients, respectively. NOD2/CARD15 polymorphisms coexisted in 35 healthy controls (16.7%) and 21 CD patients (23.3%). Individuals with either a single or multiple polymorphism were approximately two times more likely to have CD than those with no polymorphism. Patients with multiple polymorphisms had significantly more stricturing and penetrating disease.

Conclusion:

NOD2/CARD15 gene polymorphisms were significantly associated with an increased risk of disease and aggressive phenotypes among the Kuwaiti CD population.
Evaluation of myocardial perfusion and function in patients with asymptomatic beta-thalassemia major using myocardial gated single-photon-emission computed tomography
Authors: Omrani Abdolmajid , Rahimzadeh Parivash , Aba Ali , Jafari Esmail , Amini Abdullatif , Assadi Majid 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study was conducted to evaluate the cardiac perfusion and function of patients with beta-thalassemia major (TM) using 99mTc-MIBI cardiac gated single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) and to compare the obtained indices with echocardiographic and hematological parameters. Patients with TM who were referred for regular blood transfusion and periodic checkup were included in this study. A questionnaire containing demographic and medical data was provided for all patients by an expert pediatrician. All of the patients were on Desferal chelation therapy and none of them had clinical signs of heart failure. Myocardial gated perfusion SPECT, echocardiography, and complete blood tests were performed for each patient. In total, 24 patients including 14 men (58.3%) and 10 women (41.7%) aged 15–36 years with a mean age of 24.3 ± 6.5 years' old were enrolled in this study. Myocardial perfusion scan (MPS) was normal in all patients. The mean value of the measured left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 58.88 ± 13.45%. There was no significant association between measured LVEF on scan and echocardiography (P > 0.05). In terms of hematological results, there was a significant association between the hemoglobin and ferritin level and the amount of blood transfusion (P = 0.02 and P= 0.00, respectively). According to the results of myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), cardiac perfusion and LVEF were within normal limits in all asymptomatic patients. In the absence of any perfusion abnormality, the use of MPI in patients with asymptomatic beta-TM is not recommended for diagnosing myocardial ischemia.
Nuevo coronavirus y buen gobierno. Memorias de la pandemia de COVID-19 en Perú. Por: Edilberto Jiménez
Authors: Ulfe María Eugenia 
Published: July 2021

Edilberto Jiménez no es solo un conocido artista retablista ayacuchano, él es un antropólogo. Formado en Antropología en la Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga, Edilberto ha realizado trabajo antropológico desde sus años que se encargaba del programa de radio y realizaba entrevistas en una ONG sobre desarrollo agrario en Ayacucho hasta el recojo de testimonios para la Comisión de la Verdad. Este libro conformado por 100 dibujos muestra a Jiménez como el etnógrafo quien sale a recorrer el distrito limeño de San Juan de Lurigancho en donde reside. Lo recorre con ojos críticos deteniéndose a observar críticamente y registrar mediante sus dibujos lo que iba viendo en sus caminatas por Casuarinas, Gran Chimú, Zárate, Las Flores, Mangomarca, Bayóvar, Arriba Perú, 15 de Junio, San Salvador, Jicamarca, Pedregal, entre otros. Viajó también a Ayacucho y volvió a Chungui en la provincia de La Mar donde años antes había realizado también impresionantes dibujos y retablos[1].

[1] Véase: Jiménez, Edilberto. Chungui. Violencia y trazos de memoria, primera edición, Lima, COMISEDH, 2005. Chungui. Violencia y trazos de memoria, Segunda edición, Lima, IEP, COMISEDH, DED, 2009. Jurgen Golte & Ramón Pajuelo (editores), Universos de Memoria. Aproximación a los retablos de Edilberto Jiménez sobre la violencia política, Lima, IEP, 2012.
Pengaruh Latihan Drill Servis Terhadap Ketepatan Servis Samping Olahraga Sepak Takraw PSTI Panggul Trenggalek
Authors: Rizky Dhisma Agung Pambudi  , Sugeng Sulendro  
Published: July 2021

Pelatihan adalah suatu gerakan fisik dan atau aktivitas mental yang dilakukan secara sistematis dan berulang-ulang dalam jangka waktu lama, dengan pembebanan yang meningkat secara progresif dan psikologis tubuh agar pada waktu melakukan aktivitas olahraga dapat mencapai penampilan yang optimal. Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi sikap yang belum sempurna untuk melakukan servis samping olahraga sepaktakraw. Maka dengan metode latihan drill servis sepaktakraw bisa berhasil dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan drill servis terhadap ketepatan servis samping. Penelitian ini menggunakan eksperimen pendekatan kuantitatif, menggunakan metode one group dengan perlakuan sebanyak 12 kali dengan pre test dan post test. Subjek penelitian ini adalah atlet klub PSTI panggul sebanyak 15 atlet. Teknik pengambilan data menggugakan tes Servis Samping. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis Uji t dan sebelumnya telah diuji normalitas dan homogenitas terlebih dahulu. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai t hitung sebesar 4.871 dengan nilai Signifikansi 0,000. Ternyata nilai Signifikansi yang diperoleh lebih kecil dari 0,05. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa hipotesis diterima, artinya ada pengaruh latihan drill servis terhadap ketepatan servis samping, dan pengkategorian yaitu Dapat disimpulkan hasil Keterampilan Servis Samping atlet klub PSTI Panggul Trenggalek adalah sebagian besar baik dengan jumlah 6 anak.
Pengaruh Model Latihan Ground Pass Terhadap Passing Permainan Sepakbola Pada SSB Perisai Muda Trenggalek KU 14-16 Di Gandusari
Authors: Rafi Afdholul Fauzi  , Khamim Hariyadi  
Published: July 2021

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh beberapa anak dalam pelaksanaan sepakbola di SSB Perisai Muda Trenggalek masih sering melakukan kesalahan- kesalahan saat melakukan passing datar, antara lain passing datar yang tidak tepat kesasaran yaitu kurang tepatnya perkenaan antara kaki dengan bola sehingga bola meluncur jauh dari sasaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar keterampilan passing dalam permainan sepakbola SSB Perisai Muda Trenggalek. Jenis penelitian adalah eksperimen dengan desain “The One Group Pretest Posttest Design”. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa SSB Perisai Muda Trenggalek , berusia 14-16 tahun yang berjumlah 10 orang. Pelaksanaan tes passing dilaksanakan dilapangan dengan bola diam terletak di tanah, dengan ancang-ancang bola ditendang dengan kaki bagian dalam ke arah sasaran dengan lebar satu meter, jarak tempat menendang dengan sasaran 10 meter. Kesempatan menendang bola lima kali dengan kaki kanan, lima kali dengan kaki kiri. Penilaian yaitu jumlah bola yang masuk ke dalam sasaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan latihan passing berpasangan terhadap kemampuan passing bawah siswa SSB Perisai Muda Trenggalek usia 14-16 tahun, dengan nilai t hitung 3,704 > ttabel 2,306, dan nilai signifikansi 0,007 < 0,05, dan kenaikan persentase sebesar 30,95%.
TANTANGAN DAN STRATEGI PELAYANAN ANAK DI ERA PASCAMODERN
Authors: Zendrato Marhaenita 
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Children ministry nowadays faces challenges both from inside and outside church. This article focuses on the external challenges, namely the postmodern influence on the paradigm of the generation Z and what the church can do to respond. Some challenges in as well as opportunities for the ministry of the generation Z include the center on technology and media, the rising of new morality that set asides the value of an absolute truth, the emphasis on experience and not only on fact, and lastly, the rejection of authority or figures with authority and the appreciation for personality that is real, authentic, and trustworthy. In the face of these challenges, this article proposes several thoughts to be considered by the church for its children ministry in current context, namely: first, including children in the common worship, together with the adult congregations, as a means of nurturing the children’s’ faith. Secondly, in preaching, the children minister needs to exercise open approach Bible study, not close one, where children are led to ponder and discover from the biblical narratives truths and values for their personal lives. Lastly, to encourage and equip both parents to regain roles that God has designed for them, to actively participate in the spiritual formation of their children.

Keywords: children ministry, worldview, generation Z.

Abstrak: Pelayanan anak dewasa ini mendapatkan tantangan baik dari dalam maupun dari luar gereja. Artikel ini secara khusus menyoroti tantangan dari luar, yaitu pengaruh pascamodernisme terhadap paradigma generasi Z dan apa yang dapat gereja lakukan dalam meresponinya. Beberapa tantangan yang sekaligus dapat menjadi peluang bagi pelayanan kepada generasi Z adalah: adanya pemusatan pada teknologi dan media, munculnya moralitas baru yang menggeser nilai kebenaran absolut, penekanan pada pengalaman dan bukan hanya fakta, dan terakhir adalah penolakan pada otoritas atau figur otoritatif dan apresiasi pada pribadi yang real, otentik, dan dapat dipercaya. Berhadapan dengan tantangan demikian, beberapa hal yang perlu dipertimbangkan oleh gereja dalam melakukan pelayanan anak dalam konteks kekinian yang diusulkan dalam artikel ini antara lain: pertama, melibatkan anak-anak dalam ibadah bersama dengan jemaat dewasa sebagai salah satu bentuk pengasuhan iman anak. Kedua, dalam hal pemberitaan firman, pelayan anak perlu menerapkan sistem studi Alkitab yang terbuka bukan yang tertutup, di mana anak dituntun untuk memikirkan dan menemukan kebenaran serta nilai-nilai pribadi mereka sendiri dari kisah-kisah Alkitab. Terakhir, mendorong serta memperlengkapi orang tua, yaitu ayah dan ibu untuk kembali kepada peran yang Allah rancang bagi para orang tua untuk berperan aktif dalam pembentukan spiritual anak-anaknya.

Kata-kata kunci: pelayanan anak, pandangan dunia (worldview), generasi Z.