bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel biodegradable flowerpot prepared by fermented straw fiber and urea‐formaldehyde adhesive modified with keratin from waste feathers
Authors: Du Keke , Yong Cheng , Guan Mingjie , Xu Xiangjun , Huang Hongying , Sun Enhui , Qu Ping , Xu Yueding 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTThe recycling and utilization of feather waste from animal husbandry and straw from agriculture is a worldwide problem. In this study, keratin was extracted from waste feathers and used to modify urea‐formaldehyde (UF) adhesive to obtain biodegradable adhesive for making straw flowerpots with high performance. The results showed that keratin could reduce free formaldehyde and improve the thermal stability of UF. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the flowerpot with keratin were greatly improved. The observed performance enhancements were attributed to the excellent adhesiveness of the bonding interface. In addition, the addition of keratin makes the flowerpot more hydrophilic and provides a better source of nutrients for microbes to grow and reproduce on the surface of the flowerpot, which is more conducive to the biodegradation of flowerpots after they are discarded. Our experiment suggests the great potential in terms of profitability and environmental protection by flowerpots prepared by fermented straw fiber and keratin‐modified UF.
Moving in the mesoscale: Understanding the mechanics of cytoskeletal molecular motors by combining mesoscale simulations with imaging
Authors: Gravett Molly S. C. , Cocking Ryan C. , Curd Alistair P. , Harlen Oliver , Leng Joanna , Muench Stephen P. , Peckham Michelle , Read Daniel J. , Rogers Jarvellis F. , Welch Robert C. , Harris Sarah A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRapid advances in experimental biophysical techniques are generating a wealth of information about the mechanical operation of the cellular cytoskeleton and its motors. However, each of these tools typically provides only a limited piece of a highly complex puzzle. There is a need to develop new computational tools that can integrate these data together into a central model. Here we discuss the experimental advances alongside the computational tools, and propose how these could be developed to successfully combine the emerging structural and dynamic experimental data on cytoskeletal motors. We consider examples of both single motors and arrays of motors within a biological cell.This article is categorized under:
Structure and Mechanism > Molecular Structures
Data Science > Computer Algorithms and Programming
Data Science > Visualization
How has White‐nose Syndrome Changed Cave Management in National Parks?
Authors: Shapiro Hannah G. , Willcox Adam S. , Verant Michelle L. , Willcox Emma V. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTAfter the introduction of white‐nose syndrome (WNS) to the United States in 2006, managing agencies were quick to implement multiple interventions to prevent the spread of the disease and protect vulnerable cave‐roosting bat populations. One key agency that has dealt with the spread of WNS is the National Park Service (NPS), which has implemented screening and decontamination procedures in caves and adapted educational programs to emphasize the impact of WNS on bats and the ecosystem services they provide. However, despite the close connection NPS has with the public, few studies have focused on the social consequences of rapidly changing cave management plans in response to WNS spread. The primary goal of our study was to understand how WNS has changed bat and cave management in areas managed by NPS and key stakeholder perceptions of these changes. We explored federal and state land managers’ and caving organization leaders’ perceptions towards, and experiences with, bat and cave management at caves managed by the NPS through 15 key informant interviews. Respondents reacted positively to the NPS's use of park‐specific management plans, which they believed successfully balanced the conservation and recreation objectives of the show caves. Additionally, informants agreed on the management challenges NPS currently faces, including a paucity of knowledge about bat populations within the parks, a need for additional resources to effectively manage WNS, and the need to reach more visitors with information on WNS. However, respondents were divided on the effectiveness of the federal government's handling of the spread of WNS, as some caver informants believed that certain approaches were heavy‐handed and placed a burden on those who frequently visit caves for recreation and research. Understanding how WNS has shaped cave management in national parks is crucial for enhancing park visitor experiences and support for bat conservation. © 2021 The Wildlife Society.
Two temperature theory on a micropolar thermoelastic media with voids under the effect of inclined load via three‐phase‐lag model
Authors: Alharbi Amnah M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe paper aims to investigate the effect of two temperature and inclined load on a micropolar thermoelastic medium with voids problem. The problem will be analyzed by employing the three‐phase‐lag model (3PHL). Firstly, to obtain the analytical expressions of the desired variables, the normal mode analysis technique is used and the results obtained for parameters such as the change in temperature, stress, non‐dimensional displacement, volume fraction field, and micro‐rotation of the material are plotted in the graphs. The 3PHL model and Green‐Naghdi theory of type III are used to calculate results for various values of two temperature parameter and the angle of inclination. After analysis and assessment of the results, it has been established that the distribution of field qualities is dependent on the two temperature parameter and the inclined load.
Virtual Enterprise Simulation Game as an Environment for Collaborative Creativity and Learning
Authors: Tuhkala Ari , Syynimaa Kirsi , Lainema Kirsi , Lämsä Joni , Lainema Timo , Hämäläinen Raija 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWhen employees become accustomed to everyday working habits it can prevent them from generating creative ideas. This familiarity takes the forms of mainly collaborating with familiar colleagues, playing roles that develop over years, and solving encountered problems with proven strategies. This chapter considers how a virtual enterprise simulation game (RealGame) can potentially foster digital creativity and collaborative learning. The game simulates a situation where team members take responsibility for managing a virtual manufacturing company and its supply chain. Theoretically, we consider RealGame a facilitating environment for people to collaborate by offering a safe environment for playful exploration and artificial conflict, which can result in new ideas and learning. To demonstrate this idea, we derive empirical evidence from reflective essays that were written by business school students after experimenting with the game.
Recent Advances in Direct-Drive Power Take-Off (DDPTO) Systems for Wave Energy Converters Based on Switched Reluctance Machines (SRM)
Authors: Blanco Marcos , Torres Jorge , Santos-Herrán Miguel , García-Tabarés Luis , Navarro Gustavo , Nájera Jorge , Ramírez Dionisio , Lafoz Marcos 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis chapter is focused on Power Take-Off (PTO) systems for wave energy converters (WEC), being one of the most important elements since PTOs are responsible to transform the mechanical power captured from the waves into electricity. It presents Direct-Drive PTO (DDPTO) as one of the most reliable solutions to be adapted to some particular types of WEC, such as point absorbers. A discussion about modularity and adaptability, together with intrinsic characteristics of direct-drive PTOs, is also included. Among the different technologies of electric machines that can be used in direct-drive linear PTOs, switched reluctance machines (SRM) are described in further detail. In particular, the Azimuthal Multi-translator SRM is presented as a suitable solution in order to increase power density and reduce costs. Not only the electric machine, but also the associated power electronics are described in detail. The description includes the different configurations and topologies of power converters and the most appropriate control strategies. Finally, a superconducting linear generator solution is described, presenting it as a reliable alternative for the application of direct-drive PTOs. An example of concept and preliminary design is included in order to highlight the main challenges to be faced during this process.
High-Level Modelling for Typed Functional Programming
Authors: Motara Yusuf Moosa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThere is currently no way to model the high-level structural design of a functional system. Given the strong links between functional programming and mathematics, it is hypothesised that the language of mathematics can provide insight into how a functional system might be modelled. The approach is successful and both philosophy and the language of mathematics are used to identify the necessary modelling concepts and briefly outline some modelling notation alongside a small case study.
Kurzübersicht der Studie
Authors: Schiffers Maximilian 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDie politische Interessenvermittlung durch Nichtregierungsorganisationen (NGOs) und andere zivilgesellschaftliche Akteure ist fester Bestandteil der Meinungsbildungs- und Entscheidungsprozesse in modernen Governance-Strukturen. Zwischen der politischen Debatte und dem wissenschaftlichen Diskurs besteht jedoch eine Diskrepanz, mit welcher Intensität und mit welchen Themenschwerpunkten dieses Akteurs- und Handlungsfeld behandelt wird.
Zielsetzung, Erkenntnisinteresse und Stand der Forschung
Authors: Schiffers Maximilian 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungAls übergeordnete Zielsetzung entwirft die Studie eine theoretisch-analytische Perspektive, um ein differenziertes Bild der Handlungs- und Entscheidungspraxis verschiedener Organisationen hinter den drei Buchstaben „NGO“ aufzuzeichnen. Der inhaltliche Schwerpunkt liegt dabei auf der politischen Interessenvermittlung im Kontext der Veränderungstrends durch moderne Governance-Strukturen.
Forschungsdesign – Theorie, Fallauswahl, Methodik
Authors: Schiffers Maximilian 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Studie hat einen explorativen und hypothesengenerierenden Zuschnitt, mit dem es sich der qualitativen Untersuchung von fünf Fallstudien widmet. Es folgt den Überlegungen zum Viereck des Forschungsdesigns, dessen Eckpunkte – (1) Forschungsfrage, (2) Theoriekonzeption, (3) Methode, (4) empirisches Datenmaterial – schlüssig aufeinander abgestimmt sein müssen.
Qualitative Analyse der fünf NGOs im Dreieck der Handlungsrationalität
Authors: Schiffers Maximilian 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDie qualitative Analyse gliedert sich entsprechend der kombinierten theorie- und materialbasierten Forschungsstrategie in zwei Teilbereiche. Zuerst widmet sich die Untersuchung den theoriegeleiteten Kategorien, die sich aus dem Dreieck der Handlungsrationalität ableiten. Hierunter fallen die die Unterstützungs-, die Einfluss- und die Reputationslogik.
Ergebnisse, weiterführende Hypothesen und Fazit der Untersuchung
Authors: Schiffers Maximilian 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Studie „NGOs als besondere Akteure der Interessenvermittlung“ folgte der übergeordneten Zielsetzung, eine theoretisch-analytische Perspektive zu entwickeln, die ein differenzierendes Bild der Handlungs- und Entscheidungspraxis von NGOs als Organisationstypus zeichnete. Die Ergebnisse zeigen die Spannweite verschiedener Profilausprägungen im umfassenden Strategieportfolio moderner Interessenvermittlung in der deutschen NGO-Landschaft.
Relevance of well-being, resilience, and health-related quality of life to mental health profiles of European adolescents: results from a cross-sectional analysis of the school-based multinational UPRIGHT project
Authors: Las-Hayas Carlota , Mateo-Abad Maider , Vergara Itziar , Izco-Basurko Irantzu , González-Pinto Ana , Gabrielli Silvia , Mazur Iwona , Hjemdal Odin , Gudmundsdottir Dora Gudrun , Knoop Hans Henrik , Olafsdottir Anna Sigríður , Fullaondo Ane , González Nerea , Mar-Medina Javier , Krzyżanowski Dominik , Morote Roxanna , Anyan Frederick , Ledertoug Mette Marie , Tidmand Louise , Arnfjord Unnur Björk , Kaldalons Ingibjorg , Jonsdottir Bryndis Jona , de Manuel Keenoy Esteban ,   the UPRIGHT Consortium, Zorrilla-Martínez Iñaki , Pérez-Martínez-de-Arrieta Patricia , Larrañaga Igor , Carbone Sara , Rizzi Silvia , Donisi Valeria , Pálsdóttir Hrefna , Ingibergsdóttir Alda 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeThe existing evidence suggests that a complete evaluation of mental health should incorporate both psychopathology and mental well-being indicators. However, few studies categorize European adolescents into subgroups based on such complete mental health data. This study used the data on mental well-being and symptoms of mental and behavioral disorders to explore the mental health profiles of adolescents in Europe.MethodsData collected from adolescents (N = 3767; mean age 12.4 [SD = 0.9]) from five European countries supplied the information on their mental well-being (personal resilience, school resilience, quality of life, and mental well-being) and mental and behavioral disorder symptoms (anxiety, depression, stress, bullying, cyber-bullying, and use of tobacco, alcohol, or cannabis). Multiple correspondence analysis and cluster analysis were combined to classify the youths into mental health profiles.ResultsAdolescents were categorized into three mental health profiles. The "poor mental health" profile (6%) was characterized by low levels of well-being and moderate symptoms of mental disorders. The "good mental health" profile group (26%) showed high well-being and few symptoms of mental disorders, and the "intermediate mental health" profile (68%) was characterized by average well-being and mild-to-moderate symptoms of mental disorders. Groups with higher levels of well-being and fewer symptoms of mental disorders showed lower rates of behavioral problems. Mental well-being indicators strongly contributed to this classification.ConclusionAdolescents with the "intermediate" or "poor" mental health profiles may benefit from interventions to improve mental health. Implications for school-based interventions are discussed.Trial registration number (TRN) and date of registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03951376. Registered 15 May 2019.
Structural stability and artificial buckling modes in topology optimization
Authors: Dalklint Anna , Wallin Mathias , Tortorelli Daniel A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper demonstrates how a strain energy transition approach can be used to remove artificial buckling modes that often occur in stability constrained topology optimization problems. To simulate the structural response, a nonlinear large deformation hyperelastic simulation is performed, wherein the fundamental load path is traversed using Newton’s method and the critical buckling load levels are estimated by an eigenvalue analysis. The goal of the optimization is to minimize displacement, subject to constraints on the lowest critical buckling loads and maximum volume. The topology optimization problem is regularized via the Helmholtz PDE-filter and the method of moving asymptotes is used to update the design. The stability and sensitivity analyses are outlined in detail. The effectiveness of the energy transition scheme is demonstrated in numerical examples.
Age, participation in competitive sports, bony lesions, ALPSA lesions, > 1 preoperative dislocations, surgical delay and ISIS score > 3 are risk factors for recurrence following arthroscopic Bankart repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 4584 shoulders
Authors: Verweij Lukas P. E. , van Spanning Sanne H. , Grillo Adriano , Kerkhoffs Gino M. M. J. , Priester-Vink Simone , van Deurzen Derek F. P. , van den Bekerom Michel P. J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Determining the risk of recurrent instability following an arthroscopic Bankart repair can be challenging, as numerous risk factors have been identified that might predispose recurrent instability. However, an overview with quantitative analysis of all available risk factors is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to identify risk factors that are associated with recurrence following an arthroscopic Bankart repair.

Methods
Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase/Ovid, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews/Wiley, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials/Wiley, CINAHL/Ebsco, and Web of Science/Clarivate Analytics from inception up to November 12th 2020. Studies evaluating risk factors for recurrence following an arthroscopic Bankart repair with a minimal follow-up of 2 years were included.

Results
Twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria and comprised a total of 4582 shoulders (4578 patients). Meta-analyses were feasible for 22 risk factors and demonstrated that age ≤ 20 years (RR = 2.02; P < 0.00001), age ≤ 30 years (RR = 2.62; P = 0.005), participation in competitive sports (RR = 2.40; P = 0.02), Hill-Sachs lesion (RR = 1.77; P = 0.0005), off-track Hill-Sachs lesion (RR = 3.24; P = 0.002), glenoid bone loss (RR = 2.38; P = 0.0001), ALPSA lesion (RR = 1.90; P = 0.03), > 1 preoperative dislocations (RR = 2.02; P = 0.03), > 6 months surgical delay (RR = 2.86; P < 0.0001), ISIS > 3 (RR = 3.28; P = 0.0007) and ISIS > 6 (RR = 4.88; P < 0.00001) were risk factors for recurrence. Male gender, an affected dominant arm, hyperlaxity, participation in contact and/or overhead sports, glenoid fracture, SLAP lesion with/without repair, rotator cuff tear, > 5 preoperative dislocations and using ≤ 2 anchors could not be confirmed as risk factors. In addition, no difference was observed between the age groups ≤ 20 and 21–30 years.

Conclusion
Meta-analyses demonstrated that age ≤ 20 years, age ≤ 30 years, participation in competitive sports, Hill-Sachs lesion, off-track Hill-Sachs lesion, glenoid bone loss, ALPSA lesion, > 1 preoperative dislocations, > 6 months surgical delay from first-time dislocation to surgery, ISIS > 3 and ISIS > 6 were risk factors for recurrence following an arthroscopic Bankart repair. These factors can assist clinicians in giving a proper advice regarding treatment.

Level of evidence
Level IV.
K-Theory for Semigroup C*-Algebras and Partial Crossed Products
Authors: Li Xin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUsing the Baum–Connes conjecture with coefficients, we develop a K-theory formula for reduced C*-algebras of strongly 0-E-unitary inverse semigroups, or equivalently, for a class of reduced partial crossed products. This generalizes and gives a new proof of previous K-theory results of Cuntz, Echterhoff and the author. Our K-theory formula applies to a rich class of C*-algebras which are generated by partial isometries. For instance, as new applications which could not be treated using previous results, we discuss semigroup C*-algebras of Artin monoids, Baumslag-Solitar monoids and one-relator monoids, as well as C*-algebras generated by right regular representations of semigroups of number-theoretic origin, and C*-algebras attached to tilings.
Development of motion speed perception from infancy to early adulthood: a high-density EEG study of simulated forward motion through optic flow
Authors: Rasulo Stefania , Vilhelmsen Kenneth , van der Weel F. R. , van der Meer Audrey L. H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study investigated evoked and oscillatory brain activity in response to forward visual motion at three different ecologically valid speeds, simulated through an optic flow pattern consisting of a virtual road with moving poles at either side of it. Participants were prelocomotor infants at 4–5 months, crawling infants at 9–11 months, primary school children at 6 years, adolescents at 12 years, and young adults. N2 latencies for motion decreased significantly with age from around 400 ms in prelocomotor infants to 325 ms in crawling infants, and from 300 and 275 ms in 6- and 12-year-olds, respectively, to 250 ms in adults. Infants at 4–5 months displayed the longest latencies and appeared unable to differentiate between motion speeds. In contrast, crawling infants at 9–11 months and 6-year-old children differentiated between low, medium and high speeds, with shortest latency for low speed. Adolescents and adults displayed similar short latencies for the three motion speeds, indicating that they perceived them as equally easy to detect. Time–frequency analyses indicated that with increasing age, participants showed a progression from low- to high-frequency desynchronized oscillatory brain activity in response to visual motion. The developmental differences in motion speed perception are interpreted in terms of a combination of neurobiological development and increased experience with self-produced locomotion. Our findings suggest that motion speed perception is not fully developed until adolescence, which has implications for children’s road traffic safety.
No evidence that HLA genotype influences the driver mutations that occur in cancer patients
Authors: Kherreh Noor , Cleary Siobhán , Seoighe Cathal 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules are capable of presenting neoantigens resulting from somatic mutations on cell surfaces, potentially directing immune responses against cancer. This led to the hypothesis that cancer driver mutations may occur in gaps in the capacity to present neoantigens that are dependent on MHC genotype. If this is correct, it has important implications for understanding oncogenesis and may help to predict driver mutations based on genotype data. In support of this hypothesis, it has been reported that driver mutations that occur frequently tend to be poorly presented by common MHC alleles and that the capacity of a patient’s MHC alleles to present the resulting neoantigens is predictive of the driver mutations that are observed in their tumor. Here we show that these reports of a strong relationship between driver mutation occurrence and patient MHC alleles are a consequence of unjustified statistical assumptions. Our reanalysis of the data provides no evidence of an effect of MHC genotype on the oncogenic mutation landscape.