bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Litigations with the home State and internationalization
Authors: Fernàndez-Méndez Laura , García-Canal Esteban , García-García Raquel 
Published: October 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate whether Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) can be driven by the creative compliance knowledge that firms gather in their home country through litigations with the government.Design/methodology/approachThe authors draw on the knowledge-based view and organizational learning theory to argue that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between experience in litigating with the home State and a firm’s level of FDI. The authors test this hypothesis using negative binomial regressions on a sample of Spanish listed firms for the period between 1986 and 2008.FindingsThe findings of this study confirm the hypothesized inverted U-shaped relationship between a firm’s experience in litigating with the home State and its FDI levels. Firms seem to face an exploration–exploitation dilemma regarding their compliance with domestic regulation. Once they have accumulated a certain amount of creative compliance knowledge, it would be better for them to exploit it both domestically and internationally in the form of creative compliance routines, instead of continuing to push the limits of regulation.Originality/valueFirms willing to explore the gray areas of the law are usually forced to litigate with the State. As a result, they develop creative compliance knowledge that they can incorporate into their legal routines and capabilities so that they can later exploit it in foreign countries. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper that attempts to understand the influence of creative compliance knowledge on a firm’s international investments.
Review of analysis techniques in mental health research with consumer instruments – a guide for researchers
Authors: Badu Eric , O’Brien Anthony Paul , Mitchell Rebecca 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This integrative review aimed to identify and synthesis literature on analysis techniques and methodological approaches used to analyse consumer measures in mental health research.

Design/methodology/approach
The review included papers published up to January 2020 across seven databases: CINAHL, Web of Science, Medline, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Scopus and Google Scholar. Data search and extraction was conducted according to the recommended guidelines for conducting review by Cochrane and Joanna Briggs Institute. Mixed method synthesis was used to integrate both qualitative and quantitative data into a single synthesis.

Findings
The initial search yielded a total of 2,282 papers. A total of 32 papers were included in the synthesis. Most of the included papers (25/32; 78.12%) focused on psychometric properties, whereas 14% (5/32) targeted analysis techniques, and 6.3% (2/32) addressed methodological justification. The measurement models (e.g. psychometric properties) were analysed through validity and reliability testing as part of instrument development and adaptation. The structural models were analysed using techniques such as structural equation modelling, multivariable regression models, intraclass correlation coefficient and partial least squares–structural equation modelling.

Practical implications
Although consumer-reported instruments are analysed using techniques involving linear, hierarchical and longitudinal effects, no attempt has been given to procedures that applied complex data mining or machine learning. Consumer researchers, clinicians and quality management are encouraged to apply rigorous analysis techniques to critically evaluate consumer outcome measures.

Originality/value
This review provides evidence on the analysis techniques in mental health research to inform the training of mental health professionals, students and quality assessment practitioners.
Trust, leadership and conflict: the impact of HR practices during family firm M&As
Authors: Lind Stella Charlotte , Lattuch Frank 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
Effective leadership can be success-critical in mergers and acquisitions. The purpose of this study is to present what human resource (HR) practice can offer if such leadership is absent and puts the success of the merger or acquisition at risk.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on a recent merger, this paper clarifies the interplay between trust, leadership and conflict.

Findings
HR can take an active role in supporting top management during major organizational change by avoiding a leadership vacuum; effectively communicating promises by the new owner; and offering support in interfamilial conflicts during the integration phase.

Originality/value
Supporting a smooth exit for the target owner, assisting the owning family in their communication activities and taking conflicts within the family seriously, all help to effectively merge two family firms.
Update of recent findings in genetic hair disorders
Authors: Hayashi Ryota , Shimomura Yutaka 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGenetic hair disorders, although unusual, are not very rare, and dermatologists often have opportunities to see patients. Significant advances in molecular genetics have led to identifying many causative genes for genetic hair disorders, including the recently identified causative genes, such as LSS and C3ORF52. Many patients have been detected with autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis in the Japanese population caused by founder mutations in the LIPH gene. Additionally, many patients with genetic hair disorders caused by other genes have been reported in East Asia including Japan. Understanding genetic hair disorders is essential for dermatologists, and the findings obtained from analyzing these diseases will contribute to revealing the mechanisms of hair follicle morphogenesis and development in humans.
Personality, spatiotemporal ecological variation and resident/explorer movement syndromes in the sleepy lizard
Authors: Michelangeli Marcus , Payne Eric , Spiegel Orr , Sinn David L. , Leu Stephan T. , Gardner Michael G. , Sih Andrew 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Individual variation in movement is profoundly important for fitness and offers key insights into the spatial and temporal dynamics of populations and communities. Nonetheless, individual variation in fine‐scale movement behaviours is rarely examined even though animal tracking devices offer the long‐term, high‐resolution, repeatable data in natural conditions that are ideal for studying this variation. Furthermore, of the few studies that consider individual variation in movement, even fewer also consider the internal traits and environmental factors that drive movement behaviour which are necessary for contextualising individual differences in movement patterns.

In this study, we GPS tracked a free‐ranging population of sleepy lizards Tiliqua rugosa, each Austral spring over 5 years to examine consistent among‐individual variation in movement patterns, as well as how these differences were mediated by key internal and ecological factors.

We found that individuals consistently differed in a suite of weekly movement traits, and that these traits strongly covaried among‐individuals, forming movement syndromes. Lizards fell on a primary movement continuum, from ‘residents’ that spent extended periods of time residing within smaller core areas of their home range, to ‘explorers’ that moved greater distances and explored vaster areas of the environment.

Importantly, we also found that these consistent differences in lizard movement were related to two ecologically important animal personality traits (boldness and aggression), their sex, key features of the environment (including food availability, and a key water resource), habitat type and seasonal variation (cool/moist vs. hot/drier) in environmental conditions.

Broadly, these movement specialisations likely reflect variation in life‐history tactics including foraging and mating tactics that ultimately underlie key differences in space use. Such information can be used to connect phenotypic population structure to key ecological and evolutionary processes, for example social networks and disease‐transmission pathways, further highlighting the value of examining individual variation in movement behaviour.
Multi‐year drought alters plant species composition more than productivity across northern temperate grasslands
Authors: Batbaatar Amgaa , Carlyle Cameron N. , Bork Edward W. , Chang Scott X. , Cahill James F. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

The occurrence of multi‐year drought is predicted to increase globally with climate change. However, it is unclear whether drought effects on ecosystems are progressive through time.

Here, we experimentally reduced growing season precipitation (GSP) by 45% at seven North American temperate grasslands for four consecutive years to determine the following: (a) whether the effects of reduced precipitation on plant community structure and biomass components (shoot, root, litter) are compounding over time; (b) whether prior year climatic and soil conditions influence subsequent drought impacts on plant community structure and biomass components; and (c) whether the effects of reduced precipitation on individual ecosystem components are related to one another.

Across the seven field sites, we observed neither consistent nor progressive effects of reduced precipitation on any biomass component during the experiment, despite having extreme drought conditions imposed for four consecutive years. Relative to the ambient treatment, above‐ground net primary productivity (ANPP) declined in response to drought during the early years of the experiment but increased above the ambient treatment in the fourth year, while root and litter biomass were stable across the sites throughout the study. Similarly, graminoid cover decreased initially but recovered by the final year of the experiment, contributing to observed differences in species composition between treatments across sites. Compositional changes were not associated with any declines in species richness or evenness. Divergent responses among years were not driven by lag effects based on prior year climatic and soil conditions. Furthermore, precipitation effects on ecosystem components were largely independent as we found only two positive links: between ANPP and plant species richness, and between species evenness and composition.

Synthesis. Overall, our results suggest that these northern grasslands are relatively resistant to short‐term multi‐year drought in the context of supporting plant diversity and biomass production.
Biodiversity–productivity relationships in a natural grassland community vary under diversity loss scenarios
Authors: Pan Qingmin , Symstad Amy J. , Bai Yongfei , Huang Jianhui , Wu Jianguo , Naeem Shahid , Chen Dima , Tian Dashuan , Wang Qibing , Han Xingguo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Understanding the biodiversity–productivity relationship and underlying mechanisms in natural ecosystems under realistic diversity loss scenarios remains a major challenge for ecologists despite its importance for predicting impacts of rapid loss of biodiversity worldwide. Here we report the results of a plant functional group (PFG) removal experiment conducted on the Mongolian Plateau, the largest remaining natural grassland in the world.

Our results demonstrated that the biodiversity–productivity relationship varied among positive linear, neutral and unimodal forms under different PFG loss patterns. Moreover, the form of this relationship with the same PFG loss pattern sometimes changed through time.

The abundance of the remaining PFG(s) before removal and their compensation following the loss of other PFGs were two major mechanisms affecting the biodiversity–productivity relationship under diversity loss scenarios. The abundance effect promoted positive responses of productivity to biodiversity, but the compensation effect caused several biodiversity–productivity relationships, hinging on its direction (positive or negative) and strength. As indicated by the values of the compensation index, negative, zero and partial compensations contributed to the positive relationships, while full compensation resulted in a neutral relationship. Overcompensation at intermediate PFG richness levels created a unimodal curve in our system, but it could also lead to a negative linear relationship.

Synthesis. Our experiment provides a vivid picture of how the form of the biodiversity–productivity relationship varies among different diversity loss patterns in a natural ecosystem. We argue that compensation by the remaining species, which is not revealed by synthesized biodiversity experiments, plays a critical role in shaping the form of this relationship when diversity is lost from existing systems. The direction and strength of compensation are highly dependent on extirpation scenarios. Thus, impacts of biodiversity loss on natural ecosystems are likely more complex than predicted by the canonical positive saturating curve obtained from the synthesized biodiversity experiments. We suggest that models forecasting the consequences of biodiversity declines on natural ecosystems should take into account diversity loss patterns and the ensuing compensation.
Reconsidering Sentencing Principles in Cases of Civil Disobedience: Cuadrilla Bowland Ltd and Others v Persons Unknown and Others
Authors: Chow Pok Yin S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCommon law courts have struggled to offer a consistent basis for sentencing in cases concerning civil disobedience. This case note examines the recent Court of Appeal decision Cuadrilla Bowland Ltd v Persons Unknown, concerning individuals convicted of contempt for defying injunction orders to refrain from continuing their direct‐action protests at a fracking site run by an oil company, with a view to immobilising its business operations. The note observes that the Court here offered a more coherent basis for sentencing principles concerning acts of civil disobedience and breaches of injunction orders. The rationales offered transcend traditional distinctions, relied on by some courts, between direct and indirect disobedience and between civil disobedience and contempt, which have brought about considerable analytical difficulties. The judgment further signifies a paradigm shift in the Court's approach to cases of civil disobedience – from emphasising ‘law and order’ to focussing on a ‘balance of rights’.
Wake‐up call: 4 out of 5 older hospitalised patients have nocturnal lower urinary tract symptoms
Authors: Nguyen Huong Xuan Thi , Penukonda Samhita , Stephen Shiny , Whishaw David M. , Bower Wendy F. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveNocturnal lower urinary tract symptoms (nLUTS) increase with age, frailty and comorbid systemic illness and affect many older people. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of nLUTS in a hospital aged‐care sub‐acute environment.MethodsProspective clinical audit based on semi‐structured bedside interviews of older adult patients admitted to a tertiary hospital aged rehabilitation ward over a 7‐month period.ResultsA total of 147 eligible patients were included in this clinical audit. The prevalence of nLUTS was 80% (76% nocturia; 54% nocturnal urgency; 32% nocturnal enuresis; 51% nocturnal incontinence). The incidence of any nLUTs was 37%. Half the sample reported daytime incontinence, which always co‐existed with at least one nLUTS.ConclusionNocturnal lower urinary tract symptoms are a problem for four out of five older hospitalised patients. This highlights the need to screen for nLUTS early in the hospital admission and for implementation of a multidisciplinary team intervention to decrease morbidity and improve quality of life in this vulnerable population.
Immunopathogenesis and management of polymorphic light eruption
Authors: Kadurina Miroslava , Kazandjieva Jana , Bocheva Georgeta 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPolymorphic light eruption (PLE) is the most common immunologically mediated photodermatosis, demonstrating many abnormalities caused by critical failure of ultraviolet (UV)‐induced immunosuppression. The unique expression of antimicrobial peptides in PLE, which is most likely determined by alteration of microbiome components upon UV exposure, implicates their possible triggering role and pathogenic significance in the eruption. The review aims to clarify current knowledge regarding the immunological disturbances correlated with PLE that serve a base for better understanding of molecular pathogenesis of the disease and the development of new therapeutic strategies. Preventive treatment with broad‐spectrum suncreens and sunscreens containing DNA repair enzymes, as well as natural photohardening with graduate exposure to sunlight in early spring could be sufficient in milder cases. Antioxidants and topical calcipotriol are promising approach for adjuvant prevention. Phototherapy, mainly with narrow band UVB rays, is more appropriate method in severe cases of the disease. The established treatment options for PLE include local and systemic glucocorticoids, systemic nonsedative antihistamines for itch relief, and rarely, immunosuppressive drugs in the refractory cases. Like medical photohardening, afamelanotide has the potential of photoprotection by inducing a melanization of the skin. Afamelanotide is believed to be a possible new treatment option for very severe and refractory cases of PLE. Targeting the main pruritogenic cytokine, IL‐31, opens a new road for the development of novel therapeutic approaches to combat moderate and severe itching in cases of PLE with intense pruritus.
Evaporative silicification in floating microbial mats: patterns of oxygen production and preservation potential in silica‐undersaturated streams, El Tatio, Chile
Authors: Wilmeth Dylan T. , Myers Kimberly D. , Lalonde Stefan V. , Mänd Kaarel , Konhauser Kurt O. , Grandin Prisca , van Zuilen Mark A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMicrobial mats floating within multiple hydrothermally sourced streams in El Tatio, Chile, frequently exhibit brittle siliceous crusts (~1 mm thick) above the air–water interface. The partially silicified mats contain a diverse assemblage of microbial clades and metabolisms, including cyanobacteria performing oxygenic photosynthesis. Surficial crusts are composed of several amorphous silica layers containing well‐preserved filaments (most likely cyanobacteria) and other cellular textures overlying EPS‐rich unsilicified mats. Environmental logs, silica crust distribution, and microbial preservation patterns provide evidence for crust formation via repeated cycles of evaporation and silica precipitation. Within the mats, in situ microelectrode profiling reveals that daytime oxygen concentrations and pH values are diminished beneath silica crusts compared with adjacent unencrusted communities, indicating localized inhibition of oxygenic photosynthesis due to light attenuation. As a result, aqueous conditions under encrusted mats have a higher saturation state with regard to amorphous silica compared with adjacent, more active mats where high pH increases silica solubility, likely forming a modest feedback loop between diminished photosynthesis and crust precipitation. However, no fully lithified sinters are associated with floating encrusted mats in El Tatio streams, as both subaqueous and subaerial silica precipitation are limited by undersaturated, low‐SiO2 (<150 ppm) stream waters. By contrast, well‐cemented sinters can form by evaporation in silica‐undersaturated solutions above 200 ppm SiO2. Floating mats in El Tatio therefore represent a specific sinter preservation window, where evaporation in silica‐undersaturated microbial mats produces crusts, which preserve cells and affect mat chemistry, but low‐silica concentrations prevent the formation of lasting sinter deposits. Patterns of silica precipitation in El Tatio microbial communities show that the preservation potential of silicifying mats in the rock record is strongly dependent on aqueous silica concentrations.
Application of sputtered ceramic TiC/a:C thin films with different structures by changing the deposition parameters
Authors: Balázsi Katalin , Balázsi Csaba 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTitanium carbide‐based thin films have been produced by DC magnetron sputtering. It was demonstrated that the same technology with changing of the deposition parameters, such as deposition temperature or power of Ti target, resulted in the preparation of TiC/a:C thin films with various structures. The structure of thin films and volume fraction of amorphous and crystal phases were precisely tailored by the control of deposition parameters. These ceramic nanocomposite TiC/a:C thin films according to their various structures, hence, their different mechanical, tribological, or wetting parameters can be used in wide range of applications.
Longitudinal associations between early child weight gain, parent feeding, child self‐regulation, and later child body mass index
Authors: Perez Marisol , Winstone Laura K. , Curci Sarah G. , Hernández Juan C. , Somers Jennifer A. , Luecken Linda J. 
Published: October 2021

SummaryBackgroundFew longitudinal studies have examined associations of child weight trajectories, maternal demandingness and responsiveness during feeding, and child self‐regulation.ObjectiveWe examined if child weight‐for‐length trajectories from 6 weeks to 2 years of age were associated with maternal demandingness and responsiveness at child age 3 years old, and if maternal feeding dimensions predicted child BMI trajectories from 4.5 to 7.5 years among Mexican American children from low‐income families. Child self‐regulation was evaluated as a potential mechanism linking maternal feeding with child BMI.MethodChild (N = 322) weight and length/height were assessed at 10 timepoints from 6 weeks through 7.5 years. Mothers completed the Caregiver Feeding Style Questionnaire when the child was 3 years of age.ResultsA steeper slope of weight‐for‐length z scores from 6 weeks to 2 years (indicating more rapid weight gain) was associated with less maternal demands during feeding at 3 years. More maternal demandingness at child age 3 years predicted lower child BMI at 4.5 years, but not trajectories from 4.5 to 7 years. Child self‐regulation was not associated with child BMI from 4.5 to 7.5 years.ConclusionThe findings highlight how the relationship between mothers and children during feeding can be bidirectional and potentially influenced by the developmental stage.
What should be the future focus of mental health nursing? Exploring the perspectives of mental health nurses, consumers, and allied health staff
Authors: Wand Timothy , Glover Suzanne , Paul Diane 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe landscape of mental health care and service delivery is changing, as is our understanding of the underlying causes for mental distress. It is now apparent that biogenic explanations have been overstated and instead experiences of trauma and adversity constitute the main contributor to people’s experiences of mental health challenges. The shortcomings of treatments traditionally used in mental health care are also evident, and with a contemporary focus on person‐centred care, the utility of diagnostic labels has been called into question. Taking all this into consideration, this study sought to explore, what should be the future focus of mental health nursing? Three separate focus groups were conducted. One with a sample of senior clinical mental health nurses, one with a sample of consumer representatives and another with allied health professionals. The common theme across all three focus groups was the centrality of the therapeutic role of mental health nurses (MHNs). Consumers and allied health participants, in particular, advocated for a de‐emphasis on medications, psychiatric diagnoses, and custodial practices. The MHNs role in health promotion, working collaboratively with consumers, being hopeful, understanding the individual perspective, and appreciating the social determinants of mental health were all highlighted in framing the future focus of MHN practice.