bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA barcoding of commercial fish products using dual mitochondrial markers exposes evidence for mislabelling and trade of endangered species
Authors: Ooi Z S , Jahari P N S , Sim K S , Foo S X , Mohd Zawai N N , Mohd Salleh F 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Fish fraud has been extensively reported in world fish trade. The fraud includes IUCN Red List and CITES-listed species. Hence, there is a growing need to identify the trade of endangered and threatened species that has been misused to satisfy consumer needs. Here, we apply DNA barcoding by using dual mitochondrial marker; cytochrome b (Cytb) polymorphic fragment and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) to authenticate 50 commercial fish products collected from the Malaysian market. The dual marker system improves species detection in tested fish products even in highly processed food and exposes the trade of one critically endangered (also CITES-listed) and three endangered or near threatened species under the IUCN red-list status. Our result also indicates that 36% of fish products in the Malaysian market is mislabelled and might cause concern for food safety. The newly developed Cytb primer pair also shows a higher success rate by identifying 92% of the tested samples compared to 40% for COI primer. This work suggests the dual-marker DNA barcoding approach is more effective in detecting food mislabelling and is indeed a promising tool to help regulatory bodies obtain a clearer standpoint for monitoring endangered fish trade to prevent further biodiversity loss.
Investigation on antiurolithiatic activity of aqueous extract of Ananas fruit (in-vitro)
Authors: Rahim N F A , Muhammad N , Abdullah N 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Urolithiasis or kidney stone disease is a urologic ailment that has a high prevalence rate worldwide and medicinal plants have been widely used for alternative therapy. In this present study, the antiurolithiatic potential in Ananas nanus (dwarf pineapple) and Ananas comosus (L.) Merr (pineapple) fruit extracts were investigated through in-vitro assays. The fruit is extracted with aqueous distilled water via the decoction method. The antiurolithiatic properties were evaluated by titrimetric and turbidity assay. The results showed that A. nanus 2.5 fold higher (p < 0.05) than A. comosus but no significant difference with standard drug, cystone for titrimetric assay. For turbidity assay, A. nanus has significant antiurolithiatic properties (66.44 ± 3.30%) as compared to A. comosus (15.07 ± 0.59%) but lower than cystone (90.75 ± 6.42%). This might be influenced by the phytochemical contents found in the A. nanus, for instance, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and terpenoids. This finding indicates the potential of A. nanus to be developed into nutraceutical products for urolithiasis in the future.
The Effect of Additional Effective Microorganisms in Vegetative Growth of Aerobic Paddy
Authors: Shahbuddin M , Shahbuddin D , Amirullah N , Syed-Azmi S M S , Abdul-Rahman S M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The influence of effective microorganisms (EM), microbial inoculant containing yeasts, fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes was evaluated in field trials of Aerob 1 paddy cultivation in Jasin, Melaka. Aerobic paddy is a new way of rice cultivation in areas where water resources have been scare and affected by the climate change. As water shortage and climate change is becoming severe, the technology of growing rice with aerobic rice systems need to be further refined or developed to ensure the quality of rice production in water-short areas. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of additional EM on the growth pattern, and to evaluate the efficiency of EM uptake on the aerobic plant. This experiment was carried out by using random controlled Randomized Controlled Block Design (RCBD) consisted of three treatments with two replications in four blocks. Aerobic seed cv. Aeron1 was used as planting materials and has been applied by three different treatments of EM during vegetative growth. The treatment for this study was T1 = 1.8 g NPK with urea (control) while T2 was 1.8 g NPK and T3, with 0.9 g NP with 100 mL of EM respectively during 15 (early vegetative stage) and 45 DAS (late vegetative stage). The RCBD experimental design was used with two replications in each treatment in four blocks. There are three series of harvesting (35, 50 and 60 DAS) was conducted throughout this study. The growth parameter studied was shoot and root dry biomass, number of tillers, RGR at each of harvesting. Our finding revealed that the application of EM did not improve plant growth parameter but the growth pattern of T2 and T3 showed steady improvement, although not significant compared to T1. The application of EM at different growth stages did not enhance the relative plant growth rate of Aeron 1 under aerobic condition, but in comparison to T1 and T2, T3 treatment with 50% reduction of NPK and EM could significantly reduce the cost of land management and fertilizer.
Phosphate (Pi) uptake and remobilisation within plant in Brassica spp. under different Pi availabilities input
Authors: Shahbuddin D , Goodall A , Hammond J P 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of six essential macronutrients in plants to ensure crop growth and productivity. Plants only acquire phosphorus in the form of inorganic phosphate (Pi) known as orthophosphate, mainly in the form of H2PO4
−. The high demand of Pi in fertilisers for agriculture use contributed to environmental pollution. Therefore, it is important to understand the Pi uptake from the soil and remobilisation within the plant to increase P use efficiency (PUE). In this study, the experiments were undertaken to look at the variation of Pi uptake by Brassica spp. under different soil Pi availability. Two soil Pi concentrations, P1 (0 g L−1) and P4 (0.225 g L−1) were selected to represent the low and high Pi treatment, respectively. B. napus plants grown in compost with both high and low Pi treatments were harvested at four different parts of the plant (leaf, stem, flower, and pod silique and seed) at six different growth stages, namely two-leaf stage, four-leaf stage, flowering stage, first flower opens stage, seed filling stage and maturity stage. The results of free Pi concentration in P4 (0.225 g L−1) were significantly higher than P1 (0 g L−1) (P ≤ 0.01). Remobilisation of Pi determined by total P contents of plants treated with P1 and P4 both showed similar trends, increased P contents up to 50% of plant P at harvest 5 (seed stage), and loss of P at leaf, stem and flower tissues during senescence at maturity stage. Under deficiency, leaf Pi concentration which determined the internal Pi redistribution showed Pi was redistributed from source (mature organs) to sink (developing tissues) Pi tissues. These results provide insights on plant nutrient status and can be used for further investigation for crop optimal production under low Pi availability.
Development of cinnamon essential oil blends microemulsion as natural preservatives for topping creams
Authors: Yahaya A D , Kormin F , Mohamed-Anuar N A F , Ghazali M I , Zainol-Abidin N A , Zainol-Abidin N A , Abu-Bakar M F , Mohamad-Fuzi S F Z , Sabran S F 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Food preservatives play an essential role in the production of safe and high-quality food. Natural preservatives are gradually gaining attention because it has less potential health risks compared to chemical preservatives. In this research, the cinnamon essential oil was encapsulated into the microemulsion system. The aim is to assess the effectiveness of cinnamon essential oil blends microemulsion as a preservative by examining its physical characterisation and stability in topping cream. Phase titration method was conducted to formulate microemulsion by mixing cinnamon essential oil, tween 20 and water together according to ratios from 0:10 to 10:0. A pseudo ternary phase diagram was constructed based on the visual appearance of ternary mixtures obtained. Three microemulsions were chosen and further analysed. The results indicated that cinnamon essential oil blends microemulsion exhibits transparent appearance with low acidity (pH 3.5-4.0), moderate conductivity (51-57 µS/cm), low viscosity ( < 4 mPa second) and shows excellent stability without being influenced by temperature changes and time. Thus, this study has demonstrated the potential of cinnamon essential oil blends microemulsion for its role in topping cream preservation due to the presence of cinnamaldehyde, a major antibacterial compound.
Aquatic Insects as Bio-Indicators of Water Quality – A Study on Sungai Kawal, Johor National Park of Endau-Rompin, Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Yap N I R , Kamarudin K R , Rehan A M , Badrulhisham N S , Zakaria M Z , Kemalok J 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Biological indicator species or bio-indicators are sensitive to specific environmental factors so that changes in their environment will be reflected by their incidence or abundance. In fact, aquatic insects of freshwater river and stream ecosystems have been widely used as bio-indicators to examine the species-habitat relationship with regard to the water quality of the habitat. Therefore, this study attempted to determine species richness of aquatic insects in Sungai Kawal, Johor National Park of Endau-Rompin (TNJER), Mersing, Johor, Malaysia; to identify traditional knowledge (TK) used by Jakun tribe in Kampung Peta, TNJER for maintaining rivers and streams at good level; and then to correlate the relationship between the scientific perspective and TK perspective. Aquatic insects were collected and sampled by using kick sampling technique and D-framed net. Throughout the study, a total of 618 individuals consisting of 23 families belonging to seven orders of aquatic insects were reported. The documentation of TK was done by interviewing 10 total respondents of the Jakun tribe in Kampung Peta. Physical features of Sungai Kawal were also recorded during sampling. The correlation between the scientific perspective and TK perspective regarding how the ecosystem maintenance by the Jakun tribe has contributed to an excellent habitat for the aquatic insects to breed and multiply. The number of species recorded indicated the good status of water quality of Sungai Kawal based on science and then supported by TK of the Jakun tribe of Kampung Peta. Furthermore, the findings also suggested a good correlation between the scientific perspective and TK perspective, and the significant contribution of TK of the Jakun tribe to the management of natural resources.
Carapace width-weight relationship and condition factor of Austruca annulipes in mangroves of Penang Island
Authors: Zolkhiflee N , Shuhaida S , Yahya K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Carapace width-weight relationship and relative condition factor (Kn) of Austruca annulipes were estimated from 2086 individuals comprising 1503 males and 583 females. Crabs were sampled from mangroves of Teluk Tempoyak and Pulau Betong during the study period of March 2017 to February 2018. Monthly sampling of crabs was conducted using hand catch method (catch per unit effort (CPUE)) with captured crabs counted as number of crabs/15 min/4 m². Data recorded was analysed in four categories; sex, dry and wet months, five size classes and sampling site. The carapace width-weight relationship of male and female crabs was significantly positive for the four categories with overall samples indicating positive allometric growth, except for males in the size class of 1.70 – 1.99 cm, and females in the size class of 0.80 – 1.09 cm that were characterized by negative allometric growth. The values of mean relative condition factor (Kn) of A. annulipes was higher than 1 indicating that mangrove in Penang Island provide favourable habitat condition for the growth of A. annulipes.
Rapid construction and enhanced vascularization of microtissue using a magnetic control method
Authors: Yang Guangzheng , Jiang Fei , Lu Yuezhi , Lin Sihan , Liu Chang , Li Anshuo , Kaplan David L , Zhang Shilei , He Yue , Huang Cui , Zhang Wenjie , Jiang Xinquan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Stem cells play critical roles in tissue repair and regeneration. The construction of stem cell-derived microtissue is a promising strategy for transplanting cells into defects to improve tissue regeneration efficiency. However, rapidly constructing larger microtissues and promoting vascularization to ensure the cellular nutrient supply remain major challenges. Here, we have developed a magnetic device to rapidly construct and regulate millimeter-scale microtissues derived from magnetic nanoparticle-labeled cells. When the microtissue was cultured under a specific magnetic field, the shape of the microtissue could be changed. Importantly, cell proliferation was maintained, and angiogenesis was activated in the process of microtissue deformation. We developed a magnetic control method to treat microtissue, and the implanted microtissue showed excellent vascularization in vivo. In brief, this magnetic control technology provides a promising strategy for vascularized regenerative medicine.
Historical Loss: Implications for Health of American Indians in the Blackfeet Community
Authors: John-Henderson Neha A , Oosterhoff Benjamin , Kampf Taylor D , Hall Brad , Johnson Lester R , Laframboise Mary Ellen , Malatare Melveena , Salois Emily , Carter Jason R , Adams Alexandra K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Historical loss in American Indians (AIs) is believed to contribute to high incidence of mental health disorders, yet less is known about the associations between historical loss and physical health.

Purpose
To investigate whether frequency of thought about historical loss predicts risk factors for chronic physical health conditions in an AI community.

Methods
Using Community Based Participatory research (CBPR) and Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), we measured frequency of thoughts about historical loss in 100 AI adults residing on the Blackfeet reservation. Participants completed a 1-week monitoring period, during which ambulatory blood pressure and daily levels of psychological stress were measured. At the end of the week, we collected a dried blood spot sample for measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP).

Results
In hierarchical linear regression models controlling for demographics and relevant covariates, greater frequency of thoughts about historical loss predicted higher average daily psychological stress (B = .55, t = 6.47, p &lt; .001, ΔR2 = .30) and higher levels of CRP (B = .33, t = 3.93, p &lt; .001, ΔR2 = .10). Using linear mixed modeling with relevant covariates, we found that greater thoughts about historical loss were associated with higher systolic ambulatory blood pressure (B = .32, 95% CI = .22–.42, t = 6.48, p &lt; .001, ΔR2 = .25; Fig. 1c) and greater diastolic ambulatory blood pressure (B = .19, 95% CI = .11–.27, t = 4.73, p &lt; .001, ΔR2 = .19).

Conclusions
The data suggest that frequency of thought about historical loss may contribute to increased subclinical risk for cardiovascular disease in the Blackfeet community.
Peer-delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-based Intervention Reduced Depression and Stress in Community Dwelling Adults With Diabetes and Chronic Pain: A Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Andreae Susan J , Andreae Lynn J , Richman Joshua S , Cherrington Andrea L , Safford Monika M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Finding effective, accessible treatment options such as professional-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for medically complex individuals is challenging in rural communities.

Purpose
We examined whether a CBT-based program intended to increase physical activity despite chronic pain in patients with diabetes delivered by community members trained as peer coaches also improved depressive symptoms and perceived stress.

Methods
Participants in a cluster-randomized controlled trial received a 3-month telephonic lifestyle modification program with integrated CBT elements. Peer coaches assisted participants in developing skills related to adaptive coping, diabetes self-management goal-setting, stress reduction, and cognitive restructuring. Attention controls received general health advice with an equal number of contacts but no CBT elements. Depressive symptoms and stress were assessed using the Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression and Perceived Stress scales. Assessments occurred at baseline, 3 months, and 1 year.

Results
Of 177 participants with follow-up data, 96% were African Americans, 79% women, and 74% reported annual income &lt;$20,000. There was a significant reduction in perceived stress in intervention compared to control participants at 3-months (β = −2.79, p = .002 [95% CI −4.52, −1.07]) and 1 year (β = −2.59, p &lt; .0001 [95% CI −3.30, −1.87]). Similarly, intervention participants reported significant decreases in depressive symptoms at 3-months (β = −2.48, p &lt; .0001 [95% CI −2.48, −2.02]) and at 1 year (β = −1.62, p &lt; .0001 [95% CI −2.37, −0.86]).

Conclusions
This peer-delivered CBT-based program improved depressive symptoms and stress in individuals with diabetes and chronic pain. Training community members may be a feasible strategy for offering CBT-based interventions in rural and under-resourced communities.

Clinical Trial Registration
NCT02538055.
Adrenalectomy for incidental and symptomatic phaeochromocytoma: retrospective multicentre study based on the Eurocrine® database
Authors: Hallin Thompson L , Makay Ö , Brunaud L , Raffaelli M , Bergenfelz A ,   the Eurocrine Council, Musholt T , Palazzo F , Almquist M , Barczynski M , Clerici T , Vriens M , Raffaelli M , Makay Ö , Munos Pérez N , Hansen M H , Brunaud L , Van Slycke S , Riss P , Iacobone M , Nordenström E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Phaeochromocytoma is sometimes not diagnosed before surgery and may present as an adrenal incidentaloma. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in clinical presentation and perioperative outcome in patients with subclinical and symptomatic phaeochromocytoma, and in patients operated with and without preoperative α-blockade.

Methods
This was a retrospective observational study of patients with a histopathological diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma registered in Eurocrine®, the European registry for endocrine tumours, between 1 January 2015 and 31 March 2020. Patient characteristics, clinical presentation, tumour detection, and perioperative variables were analysed.

Results
Some 551 patients were included. Of these, 486 patients (88.2 per cent) had a preoperative diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma. Tumours were detected as incidentalomas in 239 patients (43.4 per cent) and 265 (48.1 per cent) had a preoperative diagnosis of hypertension. Preoperative α-blockade was more frequently used in patients with a known phaeochromocytoma (350, 90.9 per cent) than in patients with other indications for adrenalectomy (16, 31 per cent). Complications did not differ between patients who had surgery because of catecholamine excess compared with those who had other indications for surgery (19 (3.9 per cent) versus 2 (3 per cent); P = 0.785), nor did the conversion rate from minimally invasive to open surgery differ between the groups. There were no obvious differences in complications, according to the Clavien–Dindo classification, based on preoperative α-blockade or not.

Conclusion
Subclinical phaeochromocytoma detected incidentally is common. A significant proportion of patients with phaeochromocytoma did not have α-blockade before surgery, without an apparent effect on complications.
Harnessing the potential of cross-protection stressor interactions for conservation: a review
Authors: Rodgers Essie M , Gomez Isaza Daniel F 
Published: May 2021

AbstractConservation becomes increasingly complex as climate change exacerbates the multitude of stressors that organisms face. To meet this challenge, multiple stressor research is rapidly expanding, and the majority of this work has highlighted the deleterious effects of stressor interactions. However, there is a growing body of research documenting cross-protection between stressors, whereby exposure to a priming stressor heightens resilience to a second stressor of a different nature. Understanding cross-protection interactions is key to avoiding unrealistic ‘blanket’ conservation approaches, which aim to eliminate all forms of stress. But, a lack of synthesis of cross-protection interactions presents a barrier to integrating these protective benefits into conservation actions. To remedy this, we performed a review of cross-protection interactions among biotic and abiotic stressors within a conservation framework. A total of 66 publications were identified, spanning a diverse array of stressor combinations and taxonomic groups. We found that cross-protection occurs in response to naturally co-occurring stressors, as well as novel, anthropogenic stressors, suggesting that cross-protection may act as a ‘pre-adaptation’ to a changing world. Cross-protection interactions occurred in response to both biotic and abiotic stressors, but abiotic stressors have received far more investigation. Similarly, cross-protection interactions were present in a diverse array of taxa, but several taxonomic groups (e.g. mammals, birds and amphibians) were underrepresented. We conclude by providing an overview of how cross-protection interactions can be integrated into conservation and management actions and discuss how future research in this field may be directed to improve our understanding of how cross-protection may shield animals from global change.
Should I Learn or Should I Turn? Implications of Job Mobility for Subsequent Learning at Work
Authors: Westerman Johan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWork learning is the skills and the knowledge that is generated from work practices and in exchange of information at work. While there are good reasons to fear that frequent job changers do not learn thoroughly at work, it is also conceivable that the experience of many types of jobs instead yields greater learning. Despite this issue’s significance for on-going discussions in research and policy, thorough analyses of it are surprisingly sparse. In this study, we test whether job mobility is positively or negatively associated with subsequent work learning using data from two Swedish representative datasets (LNU and PIAAC). In order to substantiate both claims, we utilize a wide array of research on human capital, job matching, labor market segmentation and learning motivation. We analyze a broad set of indicators of work learning and show that job mobility in general is associated with greater total subsequent learning than is job stability.