bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFECT OF GREEN PRODUCT DESIGN AND INSTITUTIONAL PRESSURES ON MANUFACTURING FIRMS PERFORMANCES IN MALAYSIA : IMPLEMENTATION OF REVERSE LOGISTICS PRODUCTS
Authors: Kaur Kashveenjit 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: This study is to explore the empirical analysis of green product design and institutional pressures on firm’s performances by employing from ISO14001 certified electrical and electronic manufacturing firms in Malaysia.
Methodology: The study has collected the data from the Electrical and Electronics (E&E) manufacturing firms in Malaysia certified with ISO 14001 through online survey questionnaire from the FMM-MATRADE Industry Directory for Electrical and Electronics 2019/2020, the sampling frame is 177 companies and a sample size of 122 with 89 return response using convenient sampling.
Findings: The results indicated that design for disassembly is necessary to produce valuable inventories from every product except of disposal whereas design for environment has slight influence on repair and disposal activities. As the evidence show that green product design, institutional pressure and reverse logistics product are inter-related, firms ought to undertake environmentally proactive approaches to generate benefits for the firm’s overall performances.
Conclusion: The study concludes that the green product design, government, customers and competitors have statistically significant positive influences on reverse logistics towards firms’ performances.
Recommendation: Future study should consider the inclusion of non-ISO14001 certified E&E manufacturing companies to expand the sampling frame to obtain greater generalizability of findings. Additionally, future studies ought to investigate the effect of other predictors such as liberalized return policy
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Since manager’s decisions and interactions take place within a social network that is affected by stakeholders, a theoretical perspective that accounts for the impact of the social climate, rather than simply the economic, rational perspective alone, is more encompassing and may better explain organizations’ behaviors.
Desnutrição e intervenção nutricional em idosos de uma instituição de longa permanência
Authors: Da Silva Grasiele Carmo , Mesquita Bruna Rafaela Moreira , Benfica Marina Encarnação , França Vivian Francielle , Cardoso Luiz Gustavo Vieira 
Published: June 2021

Idosos institucionalizados estão mais propensos ao risco nutricional ou desnutrição. Logo, é importante monitorar permanentemente as condições nutricionais, para implementar ações de intervenção nutricional. Objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a frequência de desnutrição em idosos institucionalizados, planejar, executar e avaliar os resultados de ações e estratégias de intervenção nutricional. Foram aferidas medidas antropométricas para estimar peso e altura, posteriormente, calcular e classificar pelo Índice de massa corporal (IMC) o estado nutricional. De forma complementar, foram usadas informações da circunferência da panturrilha (CP) e adequação da circunferência do braço (%CB). Necessidades energéticas foram estimadas pela equação de bolso, seguida por intervenções nutricionais que priorizaram aumento do aporte energético e proteico nas refeições. Foram feitas análises descritivas e aplicado teste T de Student em amostras pareadas para identificar mudanças no estado nutricional entre avaliação e reavaliação nutricional. Entre os 43 idosos a frequência de desnutrição foi 60,5% segundo IMC, 71,45% para %CB e 71,4% para CP. Após intervenções nutricionais 27 idosos foram reavaliados com a possibilidade de investigar o impacto das intervenções. O estudo encontrou prevalência elevada de desnutrição, as intervenções resultaram em aumento de algumas variáveis antropométricas, embora sem diferenças estatísticas, justificado pelo curto período da condução do monitoramento após intervenção.
Association between open-angle glaucoma and Alzheimer’s disease in Sweden: a long-term population-based follow-up study
Authors: Ekström Curt , Puhto Ida , Kilander Lena 
Published: June 2021

Background: Open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are two age-related neurodegenerative diseases of significant public health importance. Epidemiological studies have indicated that there might be an association between the disorders.
Methods: Predictors of AD, including mixed and unspecified dementia, were analysed in a cohort of 712 residents aged 65–74 years, examined in a population survey in the rural district of Tierp, Sweden, from 1984 to 1986. To expand the sample size, 821 people were recruited by means of glaucoma case records established at the Eye Department in Tierp from 1978 to 2007. In this way, the cohort comprised 1,533 people, representing more than 21,000 person-years at risk. Medical records were reviewed to identify subjects diagnosed with dementia. Those with a follow-up duration shorter than 2 years were excluded.
Results: By the conclusion of the study, in August 2020, 307 subjects had received a diagnosis of AD, including mixed and unspecified dementia. Of these cases, 55 were affected with definite OAG at baseline. Higher age and ischemic heart disease were the only predictors of AD identified. In multivariate analysis, adjusting for age, participation in the population survey and competing events, no association was found between OAG and AD (hazard ratio 1.08; 95% confidence interval: 0.80–1.47).
Conclusion: In this long-term follow-up study of subjects aged 65–74 years old in Sweden, OAG was not associated with AD.
PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN 4 PILAR PENATALAKSANAAN DM PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS DI DESA MANUNGGANG JAE KOTA PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Simamora Febrina , Manurung Dina Mariana , Ramadhini Delfi 
Published: June 2021

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) merupakan penyebab kematian keenam di seluruh dunia, jumlah kasus diabetes mengalami peningkatan secara signifikan pada sepuluh tahun belakangan ini dan. akan berdampak terhadap menurunnya angka harapan hidup, meningkatnya angka kesakitan, dan menurunnya kualitas hidup. DM merupakan penyakit yang tidak dapat disembuhkan, hanya bisa dikontrol dengan melakukan pengelolaan berdasarkan 4 pilar yaitu edukasi, manajemen diet, olahraga dan obat-obatan. Untuk meningkatkan pengendalian terhadap penyakit diabetes mellitus pada masyarakat perlu dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan. Dengan kegiatan pendidikan kesehatan, tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat penderita diabetes mellitus di desa Manunggang Jae mengalami peningkatan. Banyak tindakan penatalaksaan DM yang sebelumnya tidak dipahami peserta, namun setelah diadakannya pendidikan kesehatan tentang 4 pilar penatalaksanaan DM maka pseserta sudah merasa lebih mengerti. Diharapkan kegiatan-kegiatan pendidikan kesehatan terkait penyakit degeneratif yang banyak terjadi di masyarakat lebih sering dilakukan dan dapat bermanfaat bagi seluruh masyarakat di Desa Manunggang Jae.
.
STARTUP ÜRÜN VE HİZMETLERİNE YÖNELİK DİJİTAL TÜKETİCİ GERİ BİLDİRİMLERİ: “GETİR” ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: KÖKSALAN Nilgün 
Published: June 2021

Dünden bugüne üretim ve tüketim süreçlerinde yaşanan gelişmeler ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel birçok alanda değişim ve dönüşümleri beraberinde getirmiştir. Üretim odaklı anlayışın zaman içerisinde yerini tüketici odaklı yaklaşımlara bıraktığı günümüz pazar ortamlarında artık hedef kitlenin istek ve ihtiyaçları ürün ve hizmet kararlarında belirleyici rol oynamaktadır. Talep noktasında uygun ürün ve hizmetler geliştirebilen ve doğru stratejilerle pazara sunan işletmeler bu sayede rekabet ortamının yıpratıcı ve yıkıcı sayılabilecek etkilerini de bertaraf edebilme gücü yakalamaya çalışmaktadır.
Günümüzde hızla gelişen teknoloji ve her geçen gün değişen tüketici profilleriyle birlikte yeni girişimlerin arttığı görülmektedir. Bu noktada büyüme potansiyeli hızlı ve yüksek startupların oluşumu dikkat çekmektedir. Bir başlangıç girişimi olarak adlandırılan startuplar temel olarak teknolojik olanaklarla tüketici kitlelerinin istek ve ihtiyaçlarını alışılandan farklı bir şekilde sunmayı ve kısa bir zaman diliminde ilerleme sağlamayı hedeflemektedir. Startupların belirlenen hedeflere ulaşmasında pazarlama stratejilerindeki başarısının etkili olabileceğini ifade etmek mümkündür. Bu noktada, özellikle dijital tüketicilerin ürün ve hizmetler konusundaki geri bildirimlerinin hızlı ve uygun bir şekilde değerlendirilerek çözüme ulaştırılması önem taşımaktadır.
Bu çalışmada, startuplar tarafından sunulan ürün ve hizmetler konusunda günümüz dijital tüketicisinin geri bildirimleri incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada öncelikle startup kavramı, özellikleri ve startupların başarısını etkileyen faktörler ile dijitalleşme, dijital tüketici ve geri bildirim kavramları konusunda bir kavramsal çerçeve çizilmiştir. Son olarak nitel bir yaklaşımla “şikayetvar” web sitesinde 22 Mayıs 2021 itibariyle yer alan “Getir” ürün ve hizmetlerine yönelik ilk 32 olumsuz geri bildirim incelenmiş ve içerik analizi tekniği uygulanarak bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır.
Covid-19 pandemic: why does it matter for consumer research?
Authors: Silva Lucas Emmanuel Nascimento , Gomes Neto Manoel Bastos , Grangeiro Rebeca Da Rocha , Nadae Jeniffer De 
Published: June 2021

Objetivo do estudo: O objetivo deste artigo é revisar sistematicamente a literatura sobre consumo e o comportamento do consumidor no primeiro ano da pandemia COVID-19. Para cumprir esse objetivo, este artigo busca responder às seguintes questões de pesquisa: Qual é o estado da arte da literatura sobre a pandemia de COVID-19 e o consumo/comportamento do consumidor? Quais são as mudanças na vida do consumidor que a literatura tem discutido? Quais são as lacunas de pesquisa sobre consumo/comportamento do consumidor e a pandemia COVID-19?Metodologia: O método selecionado é a revisão de escopo da literatura (reviewing scope), contemplando a análise bibliométria, temática e de conteúdo, utilizando as base de dados da Scopus e Web of Science.Resultados: Foram Identificados 7 tópicos principais na literatura: mudanças no comportamento do consumidor; enfrentando os lockdowns; busca e compartilhamento de informações; efeitos psicológicos; comportamento de vício; mudanças no consumo de alimentos; comportamento de compra por pânico e acumulação. Além disso, foram explorados temas emergentes do consumo, como os antecedentes do consumo e o efeito da crise no comportamento humano. Na literatura investigada, a utilização de survey e a Modelagem de Equações Estruturais se configuram como principais estratégias de coleta e análise de dados e as amostras são originárias principalmente de países como EUA e a China.Contribuições teóricas e metodológicas: Este artigo fornece informações baseadas em evidências para a literatura de marketing, pesquisas de consumo e demais profissionais sobre como a pandemia afetou o domínio do consumidor.Relevância/originalidade: O comportamento do consumidor foi evidenciado no contexto da pandemia, a partir da perspectiva acadêmica e gerencial. A revisão de escopo da literatura identificou os tópicos, métodos e discussões gerais sobre os efeitos da pandemia no consumo e no comportamento do consumidor, que podem ajudar as empresas a entender o comportamento, estimular outras pesquisas e o desenvolver políticas públicas e organizacionais.
Expanding standards in viromics: in silico evaluation of dsDNA viral genome identification, classification, and auxiliary metabolic gene curation
Authors: Pratama Akbar Adjie , Bolduc Benjamin , Zayed Ahmed A. , Zhong Zhi-Ping , Guo Jiarong , Vik Dean R. , Gazitúa Maria Consuelo , Wainaina James M. , Roux Simon , Sullivan Matthew B. 
Published: June 2021

Background
Viruses influence global patterns of microbial diversity and nutrient cycles. Though viral metagenomics (viromics), specifically targeting dsDNA viruses, has been critical for revealing viral roles across diverse ecosystems, its analyses differ in many ways from those used for microbes. To date, viromics benchmarking has covered read pre-processing, assembly, relative abundance, read mapping thresholds and diversity estimation, but other steps would benefit from benchmarking and standardization. Here we use in silico-generated datasets and an extensive literature survey to evaluate and highlight how dataset composition (i.e., viromes vs bulk metagenomes) and assembly fragmentation impact (i) viral contig identification tool, (ii) virus taxonomic classification, and (iii) identification and curation of auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs).

Results
The in silico benchmarking of five commonly used virus identification tools show that gene-content-based tools consistently performed well for long (≥3 kbp) contigs, while k-mer- and blast-based tools were uniquely able to detect viruses from short (≤3 kbp) contigs. Notably, however, the performance increase of k-mer- and blast-based tools for short contigs was obtained at the cost of increased false positives (sometimes up to ∼5% for virome and ∼75% bulk samples), particularly when eukaryotic or mobile genetic element sequences were included in the test datasets. For viral classification, variously sized genome fragments were assessed using gene-sharing network analytics to quantify drop-offs in taxonomic assignments, which revealed correct assignations ranging from ∼95% (whole genomes) down to ∼80% (3 kbp sized genome fragments). A similar trend was also observed for other viral classification tools such as VPF-class, ViPTree and VIRIDIC, suggesting that caution is warranted when classifying short genome fragments and not full genomes. Finally, we highlight how fragmented assemblies can lead to erroneous identification of AMGs and outline a best-practices workflow to curate candidate AMGs in viral genomes assembled from metagenomes.

Conclusion
Together, these benchmarking experiments and annotation guidelines should aid researchers seeking to best detect, classify, and characterize the myriad viruses ‘hidden’ in diverse sequence datasets.
Nurses Perception towards the Care of Patients with Terminal Illness in University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Okpala Pat Uzo , Obeagu Emmanuel Ifeanyi , Agunwah Lizzy , Eze Clementina , Ogwa Edith Ifeyinwa , Agu Chekwube Catherine 
Published: June 2021

Background: Part of becoming a good nurse is being able to understand one’s own perception of death and dying, which can affect the quality of care a patient with terminal illness will receive. This study was carried out to assess the nurses perception towards the care of patients with terminal illness in University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu State, Nigeria Part of becoming a good nurse is being able to understand one’s own perception of death and dying, which can affect the quality of care a dying patient will receive.
Methods: A descriptive survey method was used, and the population of 284 nurses was used, the instrument used for data collection was questionnaire and checklist developed based on the objectives of the study. The data collected were analyzed and presented using descriptive statistics of frequency and percentages.
Results: The result of the study revealed that Nurses at UNTH have a positive perception of deaths with the most prevalent nurses perception being death is the cessation of all life processes (100%), In caring for the dying patients; 97.6% agreed that it is a good thing to care for the dying, 98% agreed that the rights of the patients should be protected even till death, 97.3% nurses should aim at achieving a peaceful death in all patients at the end of life and 97.6% agreed that it is good to involve the family members in the care of the dying patient. The study revealed religion (65.8%), belief (84.6%), previous experience with a dying patient (79.1%) and loss of a loved one (79.4%) as personal factors which influenced the perception of nurses towards the care of the dying. Furthermore, 78.7% and 72.8% of the respondents identified Euthanasia and Advance directive as legal and ethical factors influencing the care of the dying (x-0.728 with a p-value of 0.502).Also, in examining the relationship between nurses perception of death and their years of experience the result showed that the years of experience did not significantly influence nurses care of the dying (x=4.653, with a p-value of 0.166).
Conclusion: It is however recommended that basic knowledge and continuing educational program on palliative care should be made available for student nurses and practicing nurses respectively.
Comparison of Chemical Oxygen Demand Measurements by Conventional and Sealed‐Tube Methods
Authors: Charpentier Ronan , Guarini Philippe , Vidor Karine 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Since 2009, AGLAE has been conducting proficiency tests for which participants can report results for the chemical oxygen demand index using the small‐scale sealed‐tube method (ST‐COD) in addition to the results for the chemical oxygen demand (COD) using a conventional method. In 2013, AGLAE carried out a first study to compare these two types of methods from the results obtained during AGLAE's tests in surface waters and wastewaters. This study was updated in 2019 with data from the proficiency tests carried out in the meantime, i.e. a total of about 20 tests in surface waters and about 30 tests in wastewaters. The conclusions remain the same, namely that the two methods are not fully equivalent, but the differences are reduced:

The ST‐COD method gives values that are 2% higher on average for concentration levels above 200 mg L
−1
. It gives lower results of about 5.5 mg L
−1
for contents below 200 mg L
−1
.

On the one hand, the precision of ST‐COD analyses is slightly lower than that of the conventional method for contents above 100 mg L
−1
. On the other hand, the precision of ST‐COD analyses is better than that of the conventional method for levels below 100 mg L
−1
, especially as the concentration level decreases.
Polymerization of N‐Vinyl Lactam with Reactive Monomers
Authors: Tallon Michael A. , Musa Osama M. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This chapter begins with the copolymerization of N‐vinyl pyrrolidone with N‐vinyl caprolactam. It describes the copolymerization of N‐vinyl pyrrolidone (VP) with N‐vinyl formamide (VF), as another example of N‐vinyl amide comonomer. The reactivity ratio for VF and VP monomers are unity, and their copolymerization is the rare case of an azeotropic copolymerization, where the composition of the feed is identical to that found in the copolymer. Polyvinyl acetate is used in water‐based latex as a film former. It is also used in adhesives due to its tacky nature. Maleic anhydride does not readily homopolymerize on its own, and only low molecular weight oligomers are typically formed when using conventional free‐radical polymerization. Poly‐N‐substituted maleimides provides for stiff resins with high thermal and chemical resiliency. These desirable properties are important in the focused development of new polymeric materials combining high thermal and mechanical performance with new functional properties.
Hydration Behavior of Polylactam Clathrate Hydrate Inhibitors and theirSmall‐MoleculeModel Compounds
Authors: Chambers Luke I. , Hall Amy V. , Musa Osama M. , Steed Jonathan W. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA major application of polylactams, particularly polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyvinylcaprolactam and related copolymers is in the inhibition of clathrate hydrate formation in the oilfield sector. This chapter introduces the chemistry and importance of clathrate hydrates, examines the need to inhibit their formation particularly in natural gas pipelines and look at developments in the chemistry and mode of operation of γ‐ and ε‐lactam‐based inhibitors. A clathrate is a multi‐component crystalline solid of the host‐guest type in which a guest molecule is trapped inside a cavity‐containing network formed by the host molecule. The most useful part of the natural gas is the light hydrocarbons that are used as fuels and feed stocks in the petrochemical industry. Clathrate hydrates are very important in the oil and gas industry. The most common method of preventing the formation of clathrate hydrates in oilfield conditions is the use of additives.
Physicochemical, Solution, and Colloidal Properties of Pyrrolidone and Caprolactam‐Based Polymers
Authors: McMullen Roger L. , Clark Raymond B. , Ozkan Seher , Senak Laurence 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) is one of the most widely used polymers for numerous biomedical, pharmaceutical, personal care, and industrial applications. This chapter begins with an introduction to the solution properties of PVP as manifested in a number of different important parameters to describe the physicochemical properties of the polymer in aqueous solutions. One of the key features of PVP is its good solubility in both water and organic solvents. The complexation of PVP with polyphenols is the basis for a variety of applications. The generation of binding isotherms provides insight into the interactions between polymers and cosolutes. There is an increasing interest in interpolymer complexes or polymer‐polymer complexes formed by mixing two or more interacting polymers in solution, since they are used to generate multilayered soft nanomaterials, such as self‐assembled films or nanoparticles. There has been significant interest in subcritical and supercritical fluid technology as substitutes for organic solvents.
Dilute Solution Properties and Characterization ofN‐VinylPyrrolidone Based Polymers
Authors: Senak Laurence , McMullen Roger L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis chapter begins from the most fundamental of dilute solution measurements, namely relative viscosity, and how it evolves into several useful iterations. It discusses colligative properties of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), which include several techniques, such as vapor pressure and membrane osmometry, as well as classical Rayleigh scattering, that provide valuable absolute molecular weight average information. At truly dilute concentrations of polymers in solvent, the oldest, most basic, and costeffective means of characterization is capillary viscometry. PVP polymer chains resulting from free radical polymerization occur in a broad distribution of chain lengths. This molar mass or molecular weight distributions (MWD) is often referred to as the polymer polydispersity. The most common tool for the characterization of polymer molecular weight and MWD is size exclusion chromatography. Some of the most valuable uses of field flow fractionation technique include the evaluation of multiphase PVP systems consisting of linear PVP and non‐soluble PVP particles.
Computational Chemistry of Pyrrolidone and Caprolactam Based Materials
Authors: Jacobson Solomon H. , Musa Osama M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractComputational chemistry is the branch of chemistry that uses theoretical formalism and mathematical algorithms to study and solve chemical challenges. This chapter focuses on how the computational techniques can be applied to study gamma and epsilon lactams in several chemical and materials science areas of research. Computational chemistry methods can be grouped into two broad categories; molecular simulation, and cheminformatics, data analytics and machine learning. The chapter also describes the relevant methods used for molecular simulation and property predictions, and reviews key aspects of small molecule simulations and properties. The amide functional group which consists of a nitrogen bonded to a carbonyl group can be found in a variety of cyclic lactams. The chapter discusses computational chemistry as applied to polymers, including polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylcaprolactam, and their various copolymers. The amorphous structure of polymers can be studied with experimental diffraction techniques and with molecular dynamics simulations.