bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-energy Emission from Tidal Disruption Events in Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Chan Chi-Ho , Piran Tsvi , Krolik Julian H. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Tidal disruption events (TDEs) taking place in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are different from ordinary TDEs. In these events, the returning tidal debris stream drills through the preexisting AGN accretion disk near the stream pericenter, destroying the inner disk in the process, and then intersects with the disk a second time at radii ranging from a few times to hundreds of times the pericenter distance. The debris dynamics of such TDEs, and hence their appearance, are distinct from those of ordinary TDEs. Here we explore the observational signatures of this “second impact” of the stream with the disk. Strong shocks form as the dilute stream is stopped by the denser disk. Compton cooling of the shocked material produces hard X-rays and even soft γ-rays, with most of the energy emitted between ∼10 keV and 1 MeV. The luminosity follows the mass-return rate, peaking between ∼1042 and 1044 erg s−1. The X-ray hardness and the smoothness of the light curve provide possible means for distinguishing the second impact from ordinary AGN flares, which exhibit softer spectra and more irregular light curves.
Impact of Financial Management Practices on Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises – Legitimacy Theory Perspectives
Authors: Tharmini T. , Lakshan A. M. I. 
Published: June 2021

The study aims to find out the impact of financial management practices (FMPs) on performance of Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Sri Lanka from the lens of the Legitimacy Theory. Primary data was collected from the SME owners/managers. Self-administered questionnaires were issued to collect data. The sample was selected through stratified simple random sampling method from the registered SMEs. Data were analyzed and evaluated by using Descriptive Statistics, Independent sample t-test, Correlation analysis and regression analysis. The results revealed that Accounting Information System, Financial reporting and analysis has moderate level adoption, Working capital management has high level adoption and Financial planning and control has low level of adoption in SMEs. Further, Financial reporting and analysis and Working capital management is significantly impact on the performance of SMEs. Accounting Information system and financial planning and control is not significantly impact on performance of SMEs. The findings revealed that there is a significant difference in the application of FMPs among small sized enterprises and medium sized enterprises. FMPs are highly applied by medium sized enterprises than small sized enterprises. The study also found out that lack of accounting knowledge and cost of hiring professional accountants are the major challenges faced by SMEs to adopt the FMPs. Eventually, this study recommends to SME owners to adopt FMPs (at a higher level) and government and other regulatory bodies to create suitable policies and standards to mitigate the challenges. SMEs practice important FMPs to obtain the society's impression as social responsible organizations (in terms of legitimacy within ‘social contract’). Accordingly, application of FMPs aims to legitimise company behaviour by ensuring the profitability, survival and growth to influence the society’s perceptions about the SMEs by way of higher number of employments, use of domestic raw materials and payment of taxes. This study contributes to the theory by bringing in SMEs perspectives in to the Legitimacy theory. Further, it contributes to practice and literature by carrying new insights on the impact of FMPs on performance of SMEs in the Sri Lankan context.
The Influence of Glass Fiber and Milled Glass Fiber on the Performance of Iraqi Oil Well Cement
Authors: Assi Amel Habeeb , Almahdawi Faleh H. M. , Khalti Qasim Abdulridha 
Published: June 2021

The reinforced fiberglass in cement slurry reflects the effect on its properties compared to usual additives. Fiberglass is typically used in cement slurry design for one or another of the following goals: (Earth earthquake, bearing storage, and with differential stresses, to enhance cement durability and increase its compressive strength). The main goal is to use glass fiber and ground fiberglass to improve the tensile strength and moderate compressive strength significantly. On the other hand, the use of glass fibers led to a slight increase in the value of thickening time, which is a desirable effect. Eleven glass fiber samples and milled glass fiber were used to show these materials' effect on Iraqi cement with (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, and 2) % of cement weight. Those tests used to study cement slurry‟s following properties were compressive strength, thickening time, rheology properties of free water, filtering, and density. These evaluations showed that slurries with less than 1% fiber content gave a higher compressive strength than a sample containing more than 1% glass fiber. However, the slurry mixed with equal or less than 1% milled glass fiber is higher compressive than the sample mixed with more than 1% milled glass fiber. So the optimal concentration for glass fiber is less than 1% by weight of cement (BWOC); either for milled glass fiber, it is less or equal to 1% BWOC. Both materials contributed to increasing the compressive strength of the cement. However, attention must be paid to the idealThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
concentration that should be added during the cement slurry preparation because if we use these two materials carelessly for the ideal concentration, this leads to the collapse and bombardment of the resistance of the cement rock. In other words, the collapse of cement resistance and causing problems during the cementing process.
Responding to emerging needs: Development of adapted performance indicators for physiotherapy student assessment in telehealth
Authors: Nahon Irmina , Jeffery Lauren , Peiris Casey , Dunwoodie Ruth , Corrigan Rosemary , Francis-Cracknell Alison 
Published: June 2021

Clinical placements in 2020 have been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 global pandemic. Ensuring that effective clinical placement opportunities continue during this time remains the priority of the Clinical Education Managers Australia and New Zealand (CEMANZ). Supporting educators to assess student competency when service delivery models are altered to embrace telehealth services, has been integral to achieving this. Telehealth has been widely adopted to maintain services and contact with patients during the pandemic. Physiotherapy clinical educators voiced concern about the applicability of the Assessment of Physiotherapy Practice (APP) tool in this emerging learning environment and sought guidance from University Clinical Education Managers. This paper describes representative consensus across Universities regarding use of the Assessment of Physiotherapy Practice (APP) tool and the development of adapted APP performance indicators for use in telehealth. Clinical educators can use these adapted performance indicators to guide assessment of student competency for students completing placements in a telehealth setting.
Clostridium butyricum relieve the visceral hypersensitivity in mice induced by Citrobacter rodentium infection with chronic stress
Authors: Wang Tengfei , Li Lixiang , Li Shiyang , Zhao Hongyu , Qu Junyan , Xia Yanan , Li Yanqing 
Published: June 2021

Background
Visceral hypersensitivity is a common symptom in patients with post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS), and change of the microbiota is a vital etiological factor of it. Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) is one of the probiotics which is reported as the active components in the treatment of IBS, especially IBS with diarrhea. Citrobacter rodentium (C. rodentium) is an enteropathogenic bacteria which can produce self-limiting colitis in mice, which have been used to produce a PI-IBS-like mice model. Whether C. butyricum could influence the visceral hypersensitivity and gut microbiota of PI-IBS is still unknown. Our study aimed to examine whether the intervention of C. butyricum or antibiotics could affect the etiology of visceral hypersensitivity.

Methods
C57BL/6 male mice were gavaged with the C. rodentium to induce a infective colitis. The C. butyricum and antibiotic compound were used to intervene the infected mice 3 days later. A 9-day chronic water avoidance stress (WAS) process was implemented to help induce the visceral hypersensitivity. The abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) score was assayed to indicate the visceral hypersensitivity of different groups. On the 7th, 14th, and 30th days after infection, mice feces were collected and high-throughput sequencing was carried out to analyze their gut microbiota.

Results
Combined, the C. rodentium infection plus chronic stress (WAS) could induce the visceral hypersensitivity in mice. Treatment of the C. butyricum after C. rodentium infection could relieve visceral hypersensitivity of mice, while no difference was observed in the antibiotic treatment group. The gut microbiota diversity of C. rodentium infected mice was similar to the uninfected mice, while there were different microbial communities structure between them. The Shannon and Chao indexes significantly decreased in the antibiotic treatment group compared to other groups at 7th, 14th, and 30th days post-infection, while treatment of C. butyricum could maintain the indexes within normal range. At day 14 after infection, the structure of microbiota headed towards normality after the C. butyricum treatment. After the WAS, the Shannon and Chao indexes of the control group decreased and the structure of microbiota changed. The C. butyricum treatment could prevent these changes of the gut microbiota induced by WAS.

Conclusion
C. butyricum could relieve the visceral hypersensitivity in mice induced by C. rodentium infection plus chronic stress. It could also remodel the microbiota change caused by the infection and chronic stress. It may be a more effective treatment strategy for PI-IBS than antibiotics.
Another Tale from the Harsh World: How Plants Adapt to Extreme Environments
Authors: Dussarrat Thomas , Decros Guillaume , Díaz Francisca P. , Gibon Yves , Latorre Claudio , Rolin Dominique , Gutiérrez Rodrigo A. , Pétriacq Pierre 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The environmental fluctuations of a constantly evolving world can mould a changing context, often unfavourable to sessile organisms that must adjust their resource allocation between both resistance or tolerance mechanisms and growth. Plants bear the fascinating ability to survive and thrive under extreme conditions, a capacity that has always attracted the curiosity of humans, who have discovered and improved species capable of meeting our physiological needs. In this context, plant research has produced a great wealth of knowledge on the responses of plants to a range of abiotic stresses, mostly considering model species and/or controlled conditions. However, there is still minimal comprehension of plant adaptations and acclimations to extreme environments, which cries out for future investigations. In this article, we examined the main advances in understanding the adapted traits fixed through evolution that allowed for plant resistance against abiotic stress in extreme natural ecosystems. Spatio‐temporal adaptations from extremophile plant species are described from morpho‐anatomical features to physiological function and metabolic pathways adjustments. Considering that metabolism is at the heart of plant adaptations, a focus is given to the study of primary and secondary metabolic adjustments as well as redox metabolism under extreme conditions. This article further casts a critical glance at the main successes in studying extreme environments and examines some of the challenges and opportunities this research offers, especially considering the possible interaction with ecology and metaphenomics.
Triisopropylsilyl‐Substituted Benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐c′]dithiophene‐4,8‐dione‐Containing Copolymers with More Than 17% Efficiency in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Jeong Mingyu , Oh Jiyeon , Cho Yongjoon , Lee Byongkyu , Jeong Seonghun , Lee Sang Myeon , Kang So‐Huei , Yang Changduk 
Published: June 2021

AbstractConsidering the special functions of fused‐ring aromatic building blocks and Si‐atom in high‐performance donor–acceptor‐conjugated materials at the same time, herein the synthesis of a novel fused‐ring tricyclic heterocycle, triisopropylsilyl‐substituted benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐c′]dithiophene‐4,8‐dione (iBDD‐Si), an isomer of well‐known benzo[1,2‐c:4,5‐c′]dithiophene‐4,8‐dione is presented. The iBDD‐Si‐based copolymer series (PM6, PM6‐5Si, PM6‐10Si, and PM6‐15Si) is synthesized via Stille polymerization, revealing fine‐tuned optical and electrochemical properties, and molecular packing with varying iBDD‐Si contents in the backbone. Organic solar cells are fabricated by pairing the copolymer donors with nonfullerene acceptor N3 and characterized. High power conversion efficiency of more than 17% is achieved using the PM6‐5Si‐based solar cell, which is attributed to the balanced charge transport, enhanced charge generation/dissociation kinetics, and minimized total energy and recombination losses. It is demonstrated that iBDD‐Si is a promising backbone toolbox for various high‐performance conjugated materials.
Unadulterated Organic Nanoparticles with Small Sizes for Robust Tumor Imaging and Photothermal Treatment
Authors: Sun Tingting , Liu Hongmei , Jiang Nan , Wu Qihang , Li Chaonan , Xia Rui , Gao Baoxiang , Xie Zhigang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPhototheranostics integrating optical imaging and phototherapy have attracted massive attention in the context of precise tumor therapy. However, most of the reported phototheranostic systems have large sizes and complex structures due to either the extraneous carriers or cargos. Herein, the organic nanoparticles (terrylenediimide (TDI) NPs) are obtained from a TDI‐based single component in the absence of additives. The as‐prepared TDI NPs possess favorable small sizes of less than 20 nm, good photothermal stability, and high photothermal conversion efficiency. Especially, TDI NPs have the capacity for rapid and lasting tumor imaging, and effective photothermal therapy of cervical cancer upon irradiation. This work provides an alternative method to prepare multifunctional nanomaterials with simple structures, and sheds light on the potential applications of dye molecules as intrinsic theranostic agents.
Application of the ACMG/NSGC genetic referral guidelines for hereditary renal cell carcinoma at the University of Miami, from 2014 to 2017
Authors: Leuchter Jessica D. , Patel Priyen M. , Fourzali Kayla M. , Donenberg Talia R. , Silva‐Smith Rachel , Vassallo Nicolette C. , Blanton Susan H. , Parekh Dipen J. , Forghani Irman 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIdentifying hereditary syndromes among patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is essential for surveillance of affected individuals and their at‐risk family members and for treatment optimization. We conducted a chart review to determine the percentage of patients with RCC who were seen at the University of Miami Health System (UHealth), and met the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) and the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) genetic referral criteria at the University of Miami. Subsequently, we determined the percentage of those who went on to receive genetic evaluation. Patients selected by International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 9/10 codes corresponding to kidney cancer who were at least 18 years of age at the time of diagnosis were included in the study. We included a total of 1443 patients in the final analysis, and after exclusion of charts with incorrect ICD codes, insufficient clinical data, unknown pathology, and patients who were not seen. We used chi‐square analysis, ANOVA, and t‐test. Of 1443 charts reviewed, 65.7% were male and 34.3% were female. 47.7% self‐identified as White, 39.2% as Hispanic, 9.1% as Black, and 4.0% as “other.” The mean age of RCC diagnosis was 60.0 ± 12.4 years old. In total, 47.0% of patients met ACMG/NSGC referral criteria for genetic evaluation. Of those, only 4.2% had documented genetic assessment. This study showed a low adherence to ACMG/NSGC genetic referral guidelines at our institution and a need for increasing patients' and practitioners' awareness about the significance of genetic assessment for RCC patients and their family members.
Progress and challenges in sustainability, compatibility, and production of eco‐composites: A state‐of‐art review
Authors: Nassar Mahmoud M. A. , Alzebdeh Khalid I. , Pervez Tasneem , Al‐Hinai Nasr , Munam Abdul 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOwing to economic and environmental benefits, new generations of materials/commodities follow “from waste to wealth” strategy. Recently, there has been a huge upsurge in research on the development of eco‐composites using recycled plastic polymers and agro‐residues because the eco‐composites satisfy the stringent environment regulations and are cost‐effective. Herein, we present a detailed review on the potential use of several types of natural fillers as an efficient reinforcement for recycled plastic polymers. In particular, the characterization of different categories of eco‐composites according to their morphological, physical, thermal, and mechanical properties is extensively reviewed and their results are analyzed, compared, and highlighted. Furthermore, a framework to produce functional eco‐composites, which includes functionalization of ingredients, critical issues on microstructural parameters, processing, and fabrication methods, is outlined and supported with sufficient data from the literature. Finally, the review outlines the emerging challenges and future prospects of eco‐composites to be addressed by interested researchers to bridge the gap between research and commercialization of such a class of material. Overall, the acquired knowledge will guide researchers, scientists, and manufacturers to plan, select, and develop various forms of eco‐composites with enhanced properties and optimized production processes.
The environmental dependence of the stellar mass of active galactic nucleus host galaxies and dependence of the clustering properties of active galactic nucleus host galaxies on the stellar mass
Authors: Deng Xin‐Fa , Wen Xiao‐Qing 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe used two volume‐limited active galactic nucleus (AGN) host galaxy samples constructed by Deng & Wen (2020, RMxAA, 56, 87), and explored the environmental dependence of the stellar mass of AGN host galaxies. In the luminous volume‐limited AGN host galaxy sample, the stellar mass of AGN host galaxies apparently depends on local environments: high mass AGN host galaxies exist preferentially in the dense regions of the universe, while low mass AGN host galaxies are located preferentially in low density regions. But in the faint volume‐limited AGN host galaxy sample, this dependence is fairly weak. We also examined the dependence of the clustering properties of AGN host galaxies on the stellar mass by cluster analysis, and found that in the luminous volume‐limited AGN host galaxy sample, low mass AGN host galaxies preferentially form isolated galaxies, close pairs, and small groups, while high mass AGN host galaxies preferentially inhabit the dense groups and clusters. A substantial dependence of the clustering properties of AGN host galaxies on the stellar mass is also observed in the faint volume‐limited AGN host galaxy sample, which is inconsistent with the environmental dependence of the stellar mass of AGN host galaxies in the faint volume‐limited AGN host galaxy sample. This is likely due to the galaxy number of the faint volume‐limited AGN host galaxy sample being too small to ensure an ideal statistical analysis.
Bas‐relief layout arrangement via automatic method optimization
Authors: Mao Jiahui , Li Tingting , Zhang Feiyu , Wang Meili , Chang Jian , Lu Xuequan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIt is significant to achieve automatic arrangement for bas‐relief layout which can be noticeably more efficient than the time‐consuming manual process. In fact, nearly none work has been reported in terms of bas‐relief layout arrangement. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to tackle this problem. Specifically, we first identify the evaluation indicators to account for different aesthetic factors, and model the goodness of each indicator. We then cast the bas‐relief layout as a combinatorial optimization problem based on those evaluation indicators and a geometric mean model. The contribution of this paper is to propose an objective function for bas‐relief layout and apply simulated annealing algorithm for optimization. Experiments show that our method is effective, in terms of layout arrangement for bas‐relief generation. In addition, this method can synthesize a few models arrangement and investigate which evaluation indicators will affect the aesthetic perception of the bas‐relief.
Effect of Liquid Addition on Gas‐Solid Fluidization
Authors: Zhao Yan , Wen Liangying , Liu Bo , Wang Jianxin , Wang Chengshan , Zhang Shengfu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe flow characteristics within a gas‐solid fluidized‐bed reactor can be intensified by adding liquid. Knowledge on the effect of liquid addition on flow characteristics is important to scale‐up and operation of fluidized beds. In the experiments, a cold‐mode fluidized bed loaded with rutile particles is constructed. The effect of addition position and quantity of liquid on the evolution rule of parameters in the fluidized bed is investigated using numerical simulation. The simulation and experimental pressure fluctuations agree well, and numerical results indicate that the insertion depth has a significant influence on the bed central pressure and radial concentration distribution. The agitating effect of liquid on a fluidized bed increases with the insertion depth and liquid‐solid volume ratio.
How therapists' interpersonal behaviour is perceived by their patients and close others: A longitudinal and cross‐situational study
Authors: Wolfer Christine , Hilpert Peter , Flückiger Christoph 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDue to their predictive abilities, therapist interpersonal behaviour is of great relevance for psychotherapy. However, there is a lack of knowledge about its stability inside but also outside of the therapy room within and between therapists. The current study investigates interpersonal behaviour of trainee therapists (N = 20) as perceived by four patients each suffering from generalized anxiety disorder and three closely related persons of every therapist (close others). Investigating repeated measures, four patients per therapist completed the Impact Message Inventory (IMI; Kiesler, 1987) three times over the course of their cognitive behavioural therapy. Furthermore, the IMI was completed by three close others at one assessment time. Therapist interpersonal behaviour was perceived as more friendly and less submissive when evaluated by close others compared to patients. Using a multilevel approach, our results indicate that therapists' interpersonal behaviour was perceived considerably stable across patients and over the course of treatment, and there is considerable uniformity of the IMI evaluations in respect to the particular subscales within and between therapists. Our results highlight the potential similarities of observer‐based habitual therapists' interpersonal behaviour inside and outside of the therapy room.