bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Puerto Rican Economic Challenges and Alternatives: A Review of Recent Literature
Authors: Torres Teddy , Caraballo Jose 
Published: April 2021

The decline of Puerto Rico’s economy has been inextricably linked to the federal government’s phasing out and ultimate elimination of tax incentives that made it attractive for U.S. companies to establish operations on the island. One unsurprising consequence of these tax incentives is that they made the economy heavily dependent on both U.S. policies and the actions of U.S. companies. Thus, when the federal government repealed the incentives, including the well-known section 936, a major economic decline on the island was virtually inevitable, particularly in the absence of any alternative program to fill the vacuum left by the departure of U.S. firms. The consequence has been the creation of crippling debt, sky-rocketing unemployment, and the reversal of economic growth. The historical problems with the island’s fragile and outdated energy sector and power grid -- which are heavily dependent on expensive, imported fossil fuels, has been exacerbated by the economic decline. One viable solution in this critical sector is a transition to clean renewable energy, which would spur economic growth by increasing employment and enabling reduction of the debt. Execution of such a strategic option, however, is compromised by Puerto Rico’s status as a commonwealth rather than a U.S. state or independent sovereign state. Any long-term, meaningful reforms or programs for economic development are thus largely dependent on resolution of the status issue, which requires a decision by both the U.S. Congress and the people of Puerto Rico to determine on statehood or independence.
Emojis As Evidence in Trial
Authors: Zeidler Gabriela 
Published: April 2021

As the sophistication and use of technology increases, communication through technology becomes more common, leading to the increasing use of emojis. In turn, this has led to an increase of emojis being used as evidence in court, with little guidance of how they can be interpreted within the law. This study examines the ways judges perceive emojis in court, especially when they are used as evidence. Through a grounded theory qualitative study, semi-structured interviews of judges throughout the Southwest region of the United States were conducted and analyzed according to Charmaz grounded theory guidelines (Charmaz, 2006) to determine judges’ perceptions of the use of emojis in court as evidence. This seeks to determine how emojis are used within the court system as they can carry and convey many different meanings to different people. This study found that many judges find it necessary to have context with emojis for the purposes of interpretation by the jury, but it is not necessary for special instructions to be made in regards to emojis. Additionally, this study found other aspects of trial including jury selection and the appellate court are being affected by the increasing usage of emojis as evidence due to their highly subjective nature. Further research is needed to assess the broader implications of advancements in technology on the legal system.
Teaching Cross-Country Skiing
Authors: Duoos Bridget A. , Rykken Anne M. 
Published: April 2021

Teaching Cross-Country Skiing presents lesson plans to progress children and young adults from beginning to advanced levels. Each lesson follows a consistent format, which includes lesson goals, introductory activities, lesson focus, review, games, and assessments. For those new to cross-country skiing, this text presents the basics of ski mechanics and guidance on clothing and equipment selection. To help you understand and convey classic cross-country skiing skills, you’ll find straightforward explanations with illustrations and photos that highlight the critical features of each skill.
Each of the 30 lessons incorporates games and skill-testing activities to keep students active and engaged. Distances gradually increase to match your skiers’ increased skill and challenge their muscular and cardiorespiratory capacities. In the first 10 lessons, students practice basic skills indoors and then on snow, learning the diagonal stride technique (with and without poles) and how to double-pole, climb, and descend gentle hills.
Lesson Planning for Elementary Physical Education
Authors: Holt/Hale Shirley , Hall Tina J. 
Published: April 2021

Elementary school physical educators looking for expert guidance in designing lessons that are aligned with SHAPE America’s National Standards and Grade-Level Outcomes need look no further.
Lesson Planning for Elementary Physical Education works in tandem with SHAPE America’s National Standards & Grade-Level Outcomes for K-12 Physical Education and The Essentials of Teaching Physical Education to provide the knowledge base and practical strategies for creating high-quality elementary physical education curricula.
Elementary Physical Education Teaching & Assessment
Authors: Hopple Christine J. 
Published: April 2021

Assessments are a part of a physical educator's daily life. But most teachers struggle to find enough time to analyze their curriculum and develop assessments to track students’ learning.
Enter Elementary Physical Education Teaching & Assessment: A Practical Guide, Second Edition. This guide is designed to make the assessment process not only easier but also more manageable. Assessment becomes not a burden in a teacher's life but an essential teaching tool that assists students in learning what they need to learn—and indeed can motivate and challenge them to take charge of their learning.
This book, greatly expanded and revised from its original publication as Teaching for Outcomes in Elementary Physical Education, will help teachers
- plan and implement school- or district-wide curriculum based on the latest NASPE (National Association for Sport and Physical Education) Standards (2004);
- create their own assessment tools;
- understand, develop, and use alternative methods of assessment;
- assess program effectiveness and students’ progress toward understanding and acquisition of movement and fitness concepts and skills; and
- design and use rubrics for each assessment task.
In addition, teachers using this guide will learn to
- streamline and manage their day-to-day assessment tasks and paperwork, applying the technology most suited to assist them;
- interpret and communicate assessment results effectively; and
- make assessments an integrated part of their program.
In Elementary Physical Education Teaching & Assessment: A Practical Guide, Second Edition, teachers will discover tips for handling paperwork, tools for communicating with parents, and practical guidance on coordinating teaching and assessment and dealing with grading issues. In addition, they will find more sample rubrics, more assessment tasks, and more curriculum ideas. Dozens of reproducibles complete the most comprehensive and practical book available on assessment in elementary physical education.
Synthesis of TiO2/g-C3N4 material for visble light driven photocatalytic degradation ofmethylene blue
Authors: Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa  , Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu  
Published: April 2021

In this study, an efficient strategy for the synthesis of solvent titanium dioxide and titanium dioxide/graphitic carbon nitride (TiO2/g-C3N4) heterostructure photocatalyst was applied to fabricate a kind of visible-light-driven photocatalyst. The obtained samples were characterised by means of X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and photoluminescence. The heterostructure shows higher absorption edge towards harvesting more solar energy compared with pure TiO2 and pure g-C3N4 respectively. The photocatalytic behaviour under visible light and kinetics of the TiO2/g-C3N4 catalyst via methylene blue degradation were addressed. The results showed that the introduction of solvent titanium dioxide into g-C3N4 enhanced the photocatalytic activity in the visible light region. TiO2/g-C3N4 is potential visible light driven photocatalyst for the organic substances degradation in aqueous solutions.
Sorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions by activated biomass of common reed
Authors: Nguyen Van Hung  , Bui Thi Minh Nguyet  , Nguyen Kim Nuong  , Nguyen Huu Nghi  , Nguyen Thanh Tuoi  , Nguyen Anh Tien  , Le Lam Son  
Published: April 2021

The adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution was studied by Common Reed (CR) activated with NaOH solution of 0.5 M. CR materials obtained were characterized using XRD, SEM and FT-IR. The adsorption data were studied for adsorption isotherms of Langmuir and Freundlich models. Adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions was best fitted with Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions were 19.84 mg/g and 17.33 mg/g, respectively. Experimental data were also performed to the pseudo-first-order and pseudosecond-order kinetic models. The results indicated that the biosorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions on activated CR biomass followed well the second-order kinetics. The results indicated that CR can be used as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions in wastewater.
SISTEMA DO TRÁFEGO INTERNACIONAL: SUBSÍDIO PARA AS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
Authors: Moreira José César Pontes , Carvalho Paulo Roberto de Lima , Pimentel Cláudio Rogério Carneiro 
Published: April 2021

RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o Sistema do Tráfego Internacional (STI) de forma a identificar os elementos existentes na base de dados passíveis de tratamento estatístico, aptos a subsidiar os governos Federal, Estadual e Municipal na elaboração de políticas públicas nos diversos setores. Para isso, será utilizada a base de dados “online” do Sistema do Tráfego Internacional (STI), do DPF, a amostra será constituída de dados de cinco anos, compreendido no período de 01 janeiro de 2008 a 31 de Dezembro de 2012, em nível nacional. Os métodos observacional, entrevista informal, da pesquisa bibliográfica, da pesquisa documental e aplicação de questionário. A coleta de dados primários foi realizada mediante acesso direto ao STI. As entrevistas foram realizadas com 15 especialistas, servidores públicos das esferas federal, estadual e municipal, das áreas da segurança, da educação e saúde. Os especialistas apontaram categorias como útil para o controle do fluxo migratório, além de servir para quantificar e dimensionar os serviços de migração para adequação dos padrões internacionais dado foi apontado como útil para o controle do fluxo migratório, além de servir para quantificar e dimensionar os serviços de migração para adequação dos padrões internacionais. Concluiu-se que há falta de integração das bases de dados dos sistemas informáticos públicos, o que contribui para um aumento dos custos de produção de informação, em razão de dificultar o reaproveitamento de dados armazenados por outros órgãos da administração pública, sendo viável a aplicação prática dos respectivos dados atualmente disponíveis.
CIDADES EDUCADORAS, DESENVOLVIMENTO E SUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Albuquerque Claudison Vieira de , Cordeiro António Manuel Rochette , Alcoforado Joaquim Luis Medeiros , Barros Marcos Alexandre de Melo 
Published: April 2021

O embate entre os conceitos de crescimento e desenvolvimento econômico, desenvolvimento sustentável e desenvolvimento humano, associado às políticas públicas de melhorias na oferta de bens e serviços, como universalização do ensino, do acesso à saúde, das melhorias estruturais das cidades (saneamento, urbanização e mobilidade), foram temas que compuseram as agendas dos países na segunda metade do século 20 e início do século 21. Para isso, a construção de cidades educadoras e inteligentes tem sido uma tendência mundial, ainda que pouco implementada, uma vez nela se coaduna os princípios básicos de desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade
LONGPOP and IDS. Personal reflections on our collaboration With Kees Mandemakers.
Authors: Jenkinson Sam , Matsuo Hideko , Matthijs Koen 
Published: April 2021

The Leuven research team working on historical demography is grateful for their opportunity to have collaboratively and intensively worked with Professor Dr. Kees Mandemakers over an extended period of time. We wish him a wonderful emeritus status, not only in academia, but also in the warm nest of his family, relatives, children, and grandchildren. The three of us have known Kees for some time, but most closely since 2014, when we became formally engaged as project partners under the so-called LONGPOP-project, an EU funded Marie Curie grant, named Methodologies and Data mining techniques for the analysis of Big Data based on Longitudinal Population and Epidemiological Registers. The importance of our close professional relationship is best demonstrated by our work in producing the COR*-IDS 2020 database. The historical demographic dataset for the Antwerp arrondissement, a letter sample COR*-2010, recorded total sample size of +/- 33,000 residents of Antwerp for nearly seven decades and was already available. The LONGPOP project began in Autumn 2016, setting in motion a collaboration between ourselves at KU Leuven and Kees and his colleagues at the IISH. From the outset, we had purposefully worked closely with Kees' team, utilising their premier expertise in database management and the IDS towards the new release of our database, the Antwerp COR*-IDS dataset. Here we set out our recollections of that intellectual process, encompassing the personal and professional reflections of our close working relationship.
Evaluation of football players' actions in individual risky situations of offensive play as a model determinant of a sports game
Authors: Duda Henryk 
Published: April 2021

The essence of effective training in a sports game is the use of means and forms of teaching in the organisation of a game, which most faithfully reflect the environment of the player's actual activity in natural conditions. Thus, there is a need to accurately identify the conditions of competition in a sports game. One of the types of such activities is observation, which being an elementary method of cognition, based on deliberate, targeted and intended as well as systematic perception of the studied subject, process or phenomenon. Research objective and questions The aim of the work is to assess the level of absolutely dependent cooperation (synergy) during a team sports game in changing game situations, in achieving the highest offensive objective, i.e. scoring a goal. -	Is the effectiveness of achieving the highest objective of the game in offensive actions (i.e. scoring a goal) dependent on the level of player synergy? -	Is the size of the conflict in the sports objective of the game dependent on creative player involvement? Material and test method -	In the work, detailed observation was carried out with regard to players' actions in achieving the highest objective of the game, i.e. scoring a goal. The observation concerned analysis of 134 goals scored in 61 UEFA Champions League and European League football matches in 2009-2020. -	In this study, the method of observation was used, with the possibility of repeatedly observing events being the subject of research. -	In the research analysis, the use of film material of recorded games on a DVD was taken into account, where the observed effects were applied to an observation sheet. -	The situations in which goals were scored and the research material comprised teams that competed in a given match. -	The observation of scoring goals took the type of situation and level of interaction between players into account. Results Analysis of the obtained results can be inferred: 1.	In achieving the highest objective of offensive actions, a high level of synergy prevails, requiring anticipation of events. 2.	The high level of synergistic activities increases with the difficulty of situational tasks. 3.	Due to the multi-faceted nature of team games, the player's training process should also affect his/her mental sphere.
La protection des consommateurs de services et produits financiers au Québec : constats tirés de l’analyse économique comportementale du droit
Authors: Jean-Bouchard Évelyne , Cachecho Maya 
Published: April 2021

Dans le cadre du projet Accès au Droit et à la Justice (ADAJ), le chantier de recherche mené sur le thème de la protection des consommateurs de produits et services financiers est né à la suite d’une série d’entretiens effectués au cours des années 2018 et 2019 auprès des acteurs clés du domaine. Ces données empiriques ont été analysées à la lumière de l’économie comportementale du droit. Cette approche souligne l’existence de divers biais cognitifs chez les individus, c’est-à-dire des déviations systématiques et prévisibles de la rationalité qui affectent de manière significative leur jugement et leur prise de décision. Les biais cognitifs sont associés au « système 1 » dans le double processus du jugement humain, un système rapide, automatique et fortement dépendant du contexte.
Les enjeux liés à l’achat et à la vente de produits financiers se caractérisent par une complexité des produits et des contrats ainsi que par le manque de connaissances des consommateurs et des conseillers. Cette complexité entraîne alors une prévalence de certains biais cognitifs chez les consommateurs, qui varient selon leur âge et leur expérience. En effet, les biais cognitifs sont généralement utilisés afin de traiter et de filtrer une surcharge d’information ou pour donner un sens à des éléments complexes et fractionnés. Les biais affectent non seulement la perception du risque chez les consommateurs, mais les poussent aussi à prendre des décisions mal adaptées à leur situation. Les conseillers et les courtiers peuvent jouer un rôle essentiel dans la mitigation de plusieurs de ces biais, si les outils et les pratiques mises en place attirent l’attention des consommateurs aux éléments les plus importants sur lesquels ces derniers doivent fonder leur décision d’achat.
Introduction into Health-Related Folklore and Its Research: From First-Hand Experiences to Second-Hand Narrating Models
Authors:   Estonian Literary Museum, Tartu, Estonia, Hiiemäe Reet 
Published: April 2021

y accentuating the central keywords and observations of the articles published in this special journal issue, the author – situating the articles in a broader theoretical framework – offers a glimpse at the role of the humanities in the research of the realm of health in such a unique period as the Covid-19 pandemic. The author concludes that based on the complexity of the topic (its physical and mental, individual and collective angles, impact of the mass media and partly recycled narrative models), health research needs to take into consideration the topic’s social, narrative, religious, belief, and other aspects in a nuanced way, and here folkloristic and medical anthropological approach with its specialized methodology and empirical groundedness can offer significant added value.
ST6GalNAc‐I promotes lung cancer metastasis by altering MUC5AC sialylation
Authors: Lakshmanan Imayavaramban , Chaudhary Sanjib , Vengoji Raghupathy , Seshacharyulu Parthasarathy , Rachagani Satyanarayana , Carmicheal Joseph , Jahan Rahat , Atri Pranita , Chirravuri‐Venkata Ramakanth , Gupta Rohitesh , Marimuthu Saravanakumar , Perumal Naveenkumar , Rauth Sanchita , Kaur Sukhwinder , Mallya Kavita , Smith Lynette M. , Lele Subodh M. , Ponnusamy Moorthy P. , Nasser Mohd W. , Salgia Ravi , Batra Surinder K. , Ganti Apar Kishor 
Published: April 2021

Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer‐related mortality. However, the molecular mechanisms associated with the development of metastasis are poorly understood. Understanding the biology of LC metastasis is critical to unveil the molecular mechanisms for designing targeted therapies. We developed two genetically engineered LC mouse models KrasG12D/+; Trp53R172H/+; Ad‐Cre (KPA) and KrasG12D/+; Ad‐Cre (KA). Survival analysis showed significantly (P = 0.0049) shorter survival in KPA tumor‐bearing mice as compared to KA, suggesting the aggressiveness of the model. Our transcriptomic data showed high expression of N‐acetylgalactosaminide alpha‐2, 6‐sialyltransferase 1 (St6galnac‐I) in KPA compared to KA tumors. ST6GalNAc‐I is an O‐glycosyltransferase, which catalyzes the addition of sialic acid to the initiating GalNAc residues forming sialyl Tn (STn) on glycoproteins, such as mucins. Ectopic expression of species‐specific p53 mutants in the syngeneic mouse and human LC cells led to increased cell migration and high expression of ST6GalNAc‐I, STn, and MUC5AC. Immunoprecipitation of MUC5AC in the ectopically expressing p53R175H cells exhibited higher affinity toward STn. In addition, ST6GalNAc‐I knockout (KO) cells also showed decreased migration, possibly due to reduced glycosylation of MUC5AC as observed by low STn on the glycoprotein. Interestingly, ST6GalNAc‐I KO cells injected mice developed less liver metastasis (P = 0.01) compared to controls, while colocalization of MUC5AC and STn was observed in the liver metastatic tissues of control mice. Collectively, our findings support the hypothesis that mutant p53R175H mediates ST6GalNAc‐I expression, leading to the sialyation of MUC5AC, and thus contribute to LC liver metastasis.
Development of dynamic moisture content measurement system for wooden members exposed to fire heating
Authors: Suzuki Tatsuro , Hasemi Yuji , Kamikawa Daisuke , Yasui Noboru , Kaku Chihiro , Suzuki Jun‐Ichi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this study, a small sensor for the dynamic measurement of the local moisture content within a wooden member exposed to fire heating is developed. The measurement is based on the unique dependence of the electrical resistance of wood on moisture content and temperature. These relationships are observed experimentally at temperatures between 20°C and 90°C, and moisture content between 6.9% and 232.8%, for Cryptomeria japonica, Larix leptolepis, Pseudotsuga menziesii, and Zelkova serrata. The electrical resistance is represented with the temperature and moisture content for each tree species. The measurement is found to be the most effective within the moisture content of 10%‐30%.
Rhodoplanes
Authors: Hiraishi Akira , Imhoff Johannes F. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Rho.do.pla'nes. Gr. neut. n.
rhodon
rose; Gr. masc. n.
planos
a wanderer; N.L. masc. n.
Rhodoplanes
a red wanderer.

Proteobacteria / Alphaproteobacteria / Rhizobiales / Hyphomicrobiaceae / Rhodoplanes

The genus
Rhodoplanes
accommodates species of anoxygenic facultative phototrophic bacteria that grow optimally under anaerobic conditions in the light. They belong to the family
Hyphomicrobiaceae
of the order
Rhizobiales
within the class
Alphaproteobacteria
. Cells are Gram‐stain‐negative rods and multiply by budding and asymmetric cell division. Motile by means of polar, subpolar, or lateral flagella. Internal photosynthetic membranes are present as lamellar stacks parallel to the cytoplasmic membrane. Photosynthetic pigments are bacteriochlorophyll
a
and carotenoids of the spirilloxanthin series. Photoorganotrophy with pyruvate and some other organic acids is the best mode of growth. Straight‐chain, monounsaturated C
18:1
ω7
c
is the main component of the cellular fatty acids and C
16:0
is a second major component. Ubiquinones and rhodoquinones with 10 isoprene units (Q‐10 and RQ‐10) are present. The main components of polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, and diphosphatidylglycerol. Terrestrial and freshwater bacteria having a preference for mesophilic to moderately thermophilic habitats and neutral pH.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 67.2–70.4.

Type species
:
Rhodoplanes roseus
Hiraishi and Ueda 1994 (
Rhodopseudomonas rosea
Janssen and Harfoot 1991).