bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome following Percutaneous Trans-hepatic Biliary Drainage (PTBD) in carcinoma gallbladder: A prospective observational study
Authors: Subramani Vanji Nathan , Avudaiappan Mohanasundaram , Yadav Thakur Deen , Kumar Hemanth , Sharma Vishal , Mandavdhare Harshal , Gorsi Ujjwal , Singh Harjeet 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Percutaneous Biliary drainage (PTBD) is required as palliation and optimization for surgery or chemotherapy in carcinoma gallbladder (GBC) but may be associated with complications. We aimed to study the outcomes, complications and changes in quality of life in patients with GBC undergoing PTBD. Methods: A prospective study from July 2018 to December 2019 in patients of GBC presenting with obstructive jaundice was done. Patients planned for PTBD were included in the study. The progression of disease, complications of PTBD, re-interventions, effects on initiation or completion of chemotherapy, surgical resection or intervention, overall survival was recorded. Quality of life (QoL) was assessed using SF–36 questionnaire before and after 4-6 weeks of intervention. Results: Of 160 patients assessed for inclusion, 60 (mean age: 53.7 ± 10.95 years, 27 (45 %) males) were eventually included. Eleven patients (18.3%) had metastatic disease at presentation. Of 60 patients undergoing PTBD, none had immediate procedure related complications, 41(68 %) patients had at-least one and 18 (30%) patients had more than one complication. The most common complication was peri-catheter bile leak (41.6%) followed by catheter dislodgement (30 %), blockage (23.3 %) and bleeding (10 %). Re-intervention was required in 32 (53 %) of patients. There was a significant decrease in QoL after PTBD (P<0.0001). Median survival after PTBD was 12 weeks.Conclusion: The high technical success of PTBD does not translate into the improvement of QoL, survival, and curative surgical treatment.
Nonlinear dynamic response of a Negative Stiffness-Shape Memory Alloy isolation system
Authors: Salvatore Andrea , Carboni Biagio , Lacarbonara Walter 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The negative stiffness exhibited by bi-stable mechanisms together with tunable hysteresis in the context of vibration isolation devices can enhance the dynamic resilience of a structure. The effects of negative stiffness and shape memory alloy (SMA) damping in base-isolated structures are here explored by carrying out an extensive study of the nonlinear dynamic response via pathfollowing, bifurcation analysis, and time integration. The frequency-response curves of the isolated structure, with and without the negative stiffness contribution, are numerically obtained for different excitation amplitudes to construct the acceleration and displacement transmissibility curves. The advantages of negative stiffness, damping augmentation and reduced accelerations and displacements transmissibility, as well as the existence of rich bifurcation scenarios giving rise to quasi-periodicity and synchronization, are extensively illustrated.
Comparison Of FEA Simulations And Experimental Results For As-Built Additively Manufactured Dogbone Specimens
Authors: Baikerikar Prathamesh , Turner Cameron J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Parts built using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM – an additive manufacturing technology) differ from their design model in terms of their microstructure and material properties. These differences lead to a certain amount of ambiguity regarding the structure, strength and stiffness of the final FDM part. Increasing use of FDM parts as end use products, necessitates accurate simulations and analyses during part design. However, analysis methods such as Finite Element Analysis, are used for analysis of continuum models, and may not accurately represent the non-continuous non-linear FDM parts. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the accuracy and precision of FEA for FDM parts. The goal of this study is to compare FEA simulations of the as-built geometries with the experimental tests of actual FDM parts. Dogbone geometries that include different infill patterns are tested under tensile loading and later simulated using FEA. This study found that FEA results are not always an accurate or reliable means of predicting FDM part behaviors.
Role of asymptomatic bacteriuria on early periprosthetic joint infection after Hip Hemiarthroplasty. BARIFER randomized clinical trial.
Authors: Rodriguez-Pardo Dolors , Toro María Dolores Del , Carrión Laura Guio , Escudero Rosa , Fernández-Sampedro Marta , Viejo Miguel Ángel García , Arribas María Velasco , Soldevila-Boixader Laura , Femenias Magdalena , Iribarren José Antonio , Pulido-Garcia María del Carmen , Navarro Mª Dolores , Lung Mayli , Corona Pablo S , Almirante Benito , Pigrau Carles 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate preoperative asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) treatment on the reduction of early-periprosthetic joint infections (early-PJIs) after hip hemiarthroplasty (HHA) for fracture.Methods: Open-label, multicentre RCT comparing 3gr of fosfomycin-trometamol with non-treatment. A parallel follow-up cohort without ASB was established. Primary outcome: early-PJI within 3 months after HHA. Results: 594 patients enrolled (mean age 84.3years); 152(25%) with ASB (77 treated with fosfomycin and 75 controls) and 442(75%) without. ASB was not a predictor of early-PJI (OR:1.06[95%CI:0.33-3.38], p=0,9228) and its treatment did not modify early-PJI incidence (OR:1.03[95%CI:0.15-7.10], p=0.9787). Conclusions: Neither preoperative ASB nor its treatment were risk factors of early-PJI after HHA. Trial Registration: Eudra CT 2016-001108-47
Adaptive Resilient Control for Cyber-Physical Systems Against Unknown Injection Attacks in Sensor Networks☆
Authors: Ji Yuehui , Gao Qiang , Liu Junjin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An adaptive resilient control is concerned for a class of cyber-physical systems(CPSs) in presence of stealthy false data injection attack s in sensor networks and unknown strict-feedback nonlinear dynamics. As the sensors are attacked by ill-disposed hackers, the exactly measured state information is unavailable for state feedback control. After theory ratiocinations, the initial issue of false data injection attacks is transformed into nonlinear uncertainty dynamics and unknown control directions at the last step. At each step in the recursive backstepping control, extended state observers (ESOs) in active disturbance rejection control(ADRC) are investigated to approximate the lumped system uncertainties. Specially, the Nussbaum functions are introduced at the last step in the adaptive control. All the closed-loop signals are proved to be semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded by Lyapunov theory. Finally, numerical simulations verify that the proposed control can afford favorable stabilization performance and counter false data injection attack.
Biological control of strawberry crown rot, root rot and grey mould by the beneficial fungus Aureobasidium pullulans
Authors: Iqbal Mudassir , Jamshaid Maha , Zahid Muhammad Awais , Andreasson Erik , Vetukuri Ramesh R. , Stenberg Johan A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Utilization of biocontrol agents is a sustainable approach to reduce plant diseases caused by fungal pathogens. In the present study, we tested the effect of the candidate biocontrol fungus Aureobasidium pullulans (De Bary) G. Armaud on strawberry under in vitro and in vivo conditions to control, crown rot, root rot and grey mould caused by Phytophthora cactorum (Lebert and Cohn) and Botrytis cinerea Pers respectively. A dual plate confrontation assay showed that mycelial growth of P. cactorum and B. cinerea was reduced by 33- 48% when challenged by A. pullulans as compared with control treatments. Likewise, detached leaf and fruit assays showed that A. pullulans significantly reduced necrotic lesion size on leaves and disease severity on fruits caused by P. cactorum and B. cinerea . In addition, greenhouse experiments with whole plants revealed enhanced biocontrol efficacy against root rot and grey mould when treated with A. pullulans either in combination with the pathogen or pre-treated with A. pullulans followed by inoculation of the pathogens. Our results demonstrate that A. pullulans is an effective biocontrol agent to control strawberry diseases caused by fungal pathogens and can be an effective alternative to chemical-based fungicides.
Engineering of super bactericidal cotton using pyridinium/di-N-chloramine siloxane with intensified synergism
Authors: Chen Yong , Wang Yuyu , Wang Zhendong , Zhang Qiang , Han Qiuxia 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Tuning the ratio of complementary biocidal groups in a composite unit is proved to be a tactic to better minimize their weaknesses to realize higher synergism. A silane monomer, 6-(pyridin-4-yl)-3-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4-dione, with biocidal precursors of one pyridinium and two N-chloramine sites was synthesized, hydrolyzed and dehydrocondensed on cotton cellulose. Specially, isonicotinaldehyde was ammonolyzed with biuret to produce 6-(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4-dione that subsequently reacted with (γ-chloropropyl)trimethoxysilane to synthesize the silane monomer through nucleophilic substitution. The modifier on cotton was quaternized and chlorinated to transform the one pyridine and two amide N−H structures in each unit of the silicone to pyridinium and N-chloramine counterparts. The cationic pyridinium increases the hydrophilicity of the unit and electrically draws anionic bacteria to its two adjacent highly fatal N-chloramine sites, achieving a faster contact-killing rate than not only monofunctionality but also basic synergistic integration of one cationic center and one N-chloramine. This phenomenon is therefore referred to as “intensified synergism” and provides crucial information for the design of more powerful biocides. The pyridinium/di-N-chloramine silicone coating exhibited extraordinary durability towards UV irradiation, washing cycles and long-term storage due to the good UV resistance and chemical inertness of pyridinium and silicone backbone.
Eculizumab in Gemcitabine-Induced Thrombotic Microangiopathy: Experience of the French Thrombotic Microangiopathies Reference Centre
Authors: Grall Maximilien , Daviet Florence , Chiche Noémie Jourde , Provot François , Presne Claire , Coindre Jean-Philippe , Pouteil-Noble Claire , Karras Alexandre , Guerrot Dominique , François Arnaud , Benhamou Ygal , Veyradier Agnès , Frémeaux-Bacchi Véronique , Coppo Paul , Grangé Steven 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Gemcitabine is a broadly prescribed chemotherapy, the use of which can be limited by renal adverse events, including thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA).
Methods
This study evaluated the efficacy of eculizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the terminal complement pathway, in patients with gemcitabine-induced TMA (G-TMA). We conducted an observational, retrospective, multicenter study in 5 French centres, between 2011 and 2016.
Results
Twelve patients with a G-TMA treated by eculizumab were included. The main characteristics were acute renal failure (100%), including stage 3 acute kidney injury (AKI, 58%) and renal replacement therapy (17%), hypertension (92%) and diffuse oedema (83%). Eculizumab was started after a median of 15 days (range 4–44) following TMA diagnosis. A median of 4 injections of eculizumab was performed (range 2–22). Complete hematological remission was achieved in 10 patients (83%) and blood transfusion significantly decreased after only one injection of eculizumab (median of 3 packed red blood cells (range 0–10) before treatment vs 0 (range 0–1) after one injection, P < 0.001). Two patients recovered completely renal function (17%), and 8 achieved a partial remission (67%). Compared to a control group of G-TMA without use of eculizumab, renal outcome was more favourable. At the end of the follow up, median eGFR was 45 vs 33 ml/min/1.73m2 respectively in the eculizumab group and in the control group.
Conclusions
These results suggest that eculizumab is efficient on haemolysis and reduces transfusion requirement in G-TMA. Moreover, eculizumab may improve renal function recovery.
Nonlinear optical Hall effect in Weyl semimetal WTe2
Authors: Choi Young-Gwan , Doan Manh-Ha , Kim Youngkuk , Choi Gyung-Min 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The ordinary Hall effect refers to generation of a transverse voltage upon exertion of an electric field in the presence of an out-of-plane magnetic field. While a linear Hall effect is commonly observed in systems with breaking time-reversal symmetry via an applied external magnetic field or their intrinsic magnetization1, 2, a nonlinear Hall effect can generically occur in non-magnetic systems associated with a nonvanishing Berry curvature dipole3. Here we report, observations of a nonlinear optical Hall effect in a Weyl semimetal WTe2 without an applied magnetic field at room temperature. We observe an optical Hall effect resulting in a polarization rotation of the reflected light, referred to as the nonlinear Kerr rotation. The nonlinear Kerr rotation linearly depends on the charge current and optical power, which manifests the fourth-order nonlinearity. We quantitatively determine the fourth-order susceptibility, which exhibits strong anisotropy depending on the directions of the charge current and the light polarization. Employing symmetry analysis of Berry curvature multipoles, we demonstrate that the nonlinear Kerr rotations can arise from the Berry curvature hexapole allowed by the crystalline symmetries of WTe2. There also exist marginal signals that are incompatible with the symmetries, which suggest a hidden phase associated with the nonlinear process.
Rake Angle Effects on Ultrasonic-Assisted Edge Trimming of Multidirectional CFRP Laminates
Authors: Helmy Mohamed , El-Hofy Hassan , Sasahara Hiroyuki , El-Hofy Mohamed 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Machining of CFRP composites is a process frequently accompanied with adverse effects on machined surface. The geometry of the cutting tool, linked primarily to influencing the cutting mechanism, could largely influence the induced damage. An optimum combination of tool material and geometry could improve the cut quality and prolong the tool life. This article investigates the effect of using tools having different rake angles in an ultrasonic-assisted edge trimming operation when cutting multidirectional CFRP laminates. A full-factorial experimental design was adopted to analyse the effect of parameters typically cutting speed, feed rate, rake angle, amplitude, and their interactions on machining performance indicators captured which were the cutting forces, tool wear, chip temperature, and surface roughness. The results showed that UAM mode contributed to the increase in cutting forces, tool wear, and chip temperature compared to conventional mode. On the other hand, UAM mode improved the quality of the machined surface. Additionally, the ultrasonic mode enhances the material removal mechanism using a tool with a negative rake angle.
Graphene Oxide Encapsulated Forsterite Scaffolds: Synergistic Influences on Mechanical Properties and Antibacterial Behavior&nbsp;
Authors: Najafinezhad A. , Bakhsheshi-Rad H. R. , Saberi A. , Nourbakhsh A. A. , Daroonparvar M. , Ismail Ahmad , Sharif Safian , RamaKrishna Seeram , Berto F. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
It is very desirable to have good antibacterial properties and mechanical properties at the same time for bone scaffolds. Graphene oxide (GO) can increase the mechanical properties and antibacterial performance, while forsterite (Mg2SiO4) as the matrix can increase forsterite/GO scaffolds' biological activity for bone tissue engineering. Interconnected porous forsterite scaffolds were developed by space holder processes for bone tissue engineering in this research. The forsterite/GO scaffolds had a porosity of 77-80%. The mechanism of the mechanical strengthening, antibacterial activity, and cellular function of the forsterite/GO scaffold was evaluated. The findings show that the compressive strength of forsterite/1wt.% GO scaffold was significantly increased, in comparison to forsterite scaffolds without GO. Validation of the samples' bioactivity was attained by forming a hydroxyapatite layer (HAp) on the forsterite/GO surface within in vitro immersion test. The results of cell viability demonstrated that synthesized forsterite scaffolds with low GO did not show cytotoxicity and enhanced cell proliferation. Antibacterial tests showed that the antibacterial influence of forsterite/GO scaffold was strongly correlated with GO concentration. The scaffold encapsulated with 2wt.% GO had the highest bacterial inhibition. As results show, the produced forsterite/1wt.% GO can be an attractive option for bone tissue engineering.
Non-Proteinuric Preeclampsia: Prevalence, Factors Associated and End-Organ Dysfunction at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in Southwestern Uganda&nbsp;&nbsp;
Authors: Owaraganise Asiphas , Ssalongo Wasswa GM , Tibaijuka Leevan , Kayondo Musa , Twesigomwe Godfrey , Ngonzi Joseph , Lugobe Henry M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Formerly, preeclampsia was only diagnosed if high blood pressure and proteinuria were present in a gravid woman at or past 20 gestation weeks. Although it is possible to have preeclampsia yet never have proteinuria, the literature on how common and factors associated with non-proteinuric preeclampsia as well as whether the frequency of end-organ dysfunction among women with non-proteinuric differs from those with proteinuric pre-eclampsia is scant.Objectives: To determine the prevalence of, factors associated with non-proteinuric preeclampsia, and compare the frequency of end-organ dysfunction between women with non-proteinuric and proteinuric preeclampsia.Methods: Between November 2019 and May 2020, women with pre-eclampsia were consecutively enrolled in a cross-sectional study at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital. We interviewed all pregnant women ≥20 gestation weeks presenting with hypertension ≥140/90mmHg and recorded their socio-demographic, medical, and obstetric characteristics. We excluded women with chronic hypertension and pregnancy hypertension. We measured bedside proteinuria on clean-catch urine, complete blood count, and renal function and liver enzyme tests. Pre-eclampsia was defined as hypertension plus any feature of severity including <100,000 platelets/ul, creatinine >1.1g/dl, and liver transaminases ≥ twice upper normal limit with or without proteinuria. We computed the proportion of total participants with non-proteinuric pre-eclampsia at ≤+2 urine dipstick cut-off, determined the factors associated with non-proteinuric preeclampsia using logistic regression; and used Chi-square test to compare the frequency of end-organ dysfunction between non-proteinuric preeclampsia and proteinuric groups.Results: We enrolled 134 of the screened 136 participants. Their mean age was 26.9 (SD±7.1) years and 51.5% were primigravid. The prevalence of non-proteinuric preeclampsia was 24.6% (95% CI: 17.9-32.7). Primigravidity (aOR 2.70 95%CI:1.09-6.72, p=0.032) was the factor independently associated with non-proteinuric pre-eclampsia. There was a non-significant difference in the frequency of end-organ dysfunction in women with non-proteinuric and proteinuric pre-eclampsia, p=0.309.Conclusion: Non-proteinuric preeclampsia is common, especially among primigravidae. End-organ dysfunction occurs similarly in women with non-proteinuric and proteinuric preeclampsia. Obstetrics care providers should emphasize laboratory testing, beyond proteinuria, among all women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy to optimally diagnose and manage non-proteinuric preeclampsia.
Comparative Exome Capture Methods to Investigate Genes Involved in Hypopituitarism in a Brazilian Population
Authors: Benedetti Anna Flavia Figueredo , Ma Qiany , Li Jun , Ozel Ayse Bilge , Camper Sally , Mendonca Berenice Bilharinho , Lerario Antonio Marcondes , Tahira Ana Carolina , Carvalho Luciani Renata 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) has been a useful tool to improve molecular diagnosis in hypopituitarism, leading to the discovery of at least 8 new genes in the last 7 years. However, some genes associated with hypopituitarism show low coverage in this methodology, limiting its use for molecular diagnosis. Our objective is to compare three library prepping kits, NimbleGen (Roche), SureSelect (Agilent) and Nextera (Illumina) examining the best performance related to sequencing quality, exon extension coverage (≥98%) and base depth read (≥20x) of 44 genes associated with hypopituitarism and 32 involved in pituitary development. Three different groups composed of 2 HapMap samples (Group 1), 2 Brazilian patients with hypopituitarism and their respective mothers (Group 2) and 109 random Brazilian samples (Group 3) were sequenced in Illumina platform. Group 1 and 3 were performed using all three library prepping kits, while group 2 was performed with NimbleGen and SureSelect. Although all technologies covered the selected genes with similar efficiency regarding poor (less than 20%) and rich (more than 80%) GC areas, SureSelect has shown to reach the most uniform coverage in the selected region with a lower level of duplicate reads, as well as a higher number of identified pathogenic variants.
A novel role for CCR3 in brain T-cell infiltration and cognition in aging
Authors: Teichert Arnaud , Rege Sanket , Masumi Juliet , Akrapongpisak Lily , Hackbart Hannah , Dhande Onkar , Caryotakis Sofia , Leone Dino , Szoke Balazs , Hannestad Jonas , Nikolich Karoly , Braithwaite Steven , Minami S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
STING and cGAS Gene Expressions Were Downregulated Among HIV-1-Infected Persons After Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: de Lima Lorena Letícia Peixoto , de Oliveira Allysson Quintino Tenório , Moura Tuane Carolina Ferreira , Amoras Ednelza da Silva Graça , Lima Sandra Souza , Silva Andréa Nazaré Monteiro Rangel da , Queiroz Maria Alice Freitas , Cayres-Vallinoto Izaura Maria Vieira , Ishak Ricardo , Vallinoto Antonio Carlos Rosário 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The HIV-1 epidemic is still considered a global public health problem, but great advances have been made in fighting it by antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART has a considerable impact on viral replication and host immunity. The production of type I interferon (IFN) is key to the innate immune response to viral infections. The STING and cGAS proteins have proven roles in the antiviral cascade. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of ART on innate immunity, which was represented by STING and cGAS gene expression and plasma IFN-α level. Methods: This cohort study evaluated a group of 33 individuals who were initially naïve to therapy and who were treated at a reference center and reassessed 12 months after starting ART. Gene expression levels and viral load were evaluated by real-time PCR, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte counts by flow cytometry, and IFN-α level by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: From before to after ART, the CD4+ T cell count and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio significantly increased (p < 0.0001), the CD8+ T cell count slightly decreased, and viral load decreased to undetectable levels in most of the group (84.85%). The expression of STING and cGAS significantly decreased (p = 0.0034 and p = 0.0001, respectively) after the use of ART, but IFN-α did not (p = 0.1558). Among the markers evaluated, the only markers that showed a correlation with each other were STING and CD4+ T at the time of the first collection.Conclusions: ART provided immune recovery and viral suppression to the studied group and indirectly downregulated the STING and cGAS genes. In contrast, ART did not influence IFN-α. The expression of STING and cGAS was not correlated with the plasma level of IFN-α, which suggests that there is another pathway regulating this cytokine in addition to the STING–cGAS pathway.