bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with knowledge of the disease in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Amaral Verônica Rabelo Santana , Ribeiro Ícaro José Santos , Montargil Rocha Roseanne 
Published: March 2021

Objective. To identify factors associated with the level of knowledge of the disease in people with type 2 Diabetes.
Methods. A cross-sectional study carried out with 412 people with diabetes registered in the Primary Health Care network of a Brazil Northeast municipality. For data collection, we used a questionnaire with sociodemographic and clinical variables and to identify the level of knowledge, we used the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire.
Results. Insufficient knowledge prevailed in 54.7% of the participants, associated in significant bivariate analysis (p<0.05) with the sociodemographic variables: age (≥ 60 years old), marital status (without a partner), education (up to complete / incomplete elementary school), family income (≤ 1 minimum wage). For clinical variables, the level of insufficient knowledge was significantly associated with not participating in an educational group, not using insulin, and not practicing physical activity. In logistic regression, we observed that the factors that increase the risk for insufficient knowledge were: never having participated in an educational group (OR=2.0), age ≥ 60 years old (OR=2.2), illiterate and primary education (OR=8.3) and income less than or equal to 1 minimum wage (OR = 2.4).
Conclusion. The level of knowledge of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus about their disease is insufficient, with socioeconomic and educational characteristics being the factors that increase the odds of having this level of knowledge.
Effectiveness of nursing case management versus usual care for blood pressure control in adults with hypertension: a systematic review
Authors: Mantovanil Maria de Fátima , Kalinke Luciana Puchalski , Da Silva Ângela Taís Mattei , Perez Arthur Juliana , Radovanovic Cremilde Aparecida Trindade , Bortolato-Major Carina 
Published: March 2021

Objective. To synthesize the best available evidence regarding the effectiveness of nursing case management in primary health care, compared to usual care, in improving blood pressure in adults over 18 years with hypertension.
Methods. Systematic review that includes studies carried out with adult patients diagnosed with hypertension, with or without other concomitant chronic diseases, followed-up by a case manager nurse, who evaluated the effectiveness of case management in the improvement of blood pressure. A critical evaluation of the studies was made and the results of interest were described using the instruments and tools from the Joanna Briggs Institute. Due to the heterogeneity of the included studies, the results of similar measures were not grouped in statistical meta-analysis. A narrative and tabular format was used to synthesize and present them.
Results. Six randomized controlled trials were critically evaluated and included in the review. The total sample was 1963 participants. The results showed the outcomes compared at baseline and at the end of follow-up (six or twelve months). Regarding the main outcome, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, there was some reduction in the group followed-up through case management in studies lasting six months; however, the impossibility of comparing the findings poses limitations to answering the questions in this review.
Conclusions. Despite the heterogeneity of the studies, the narrative and tabular analysis demonstrated that short-term case management in primary care (six-month studies) helped to reduce blood pressure levels, although the level of evidence for these results is low or very low.
Interface between women’s health and violence in the training of nurses in Brazil
Authors: De Souza Francisca Tamiris Pereira , Silva Caik Ferreira , Moreira Felice Teles Lira dos Santos , Callou Regiane Clarice Macedo , Belém Jameson Moreira , Albuquerque Grayce Alencar 
Published: March 2021

Objective. To analyze the theoretical interfaces of violence against women in the nursing undergraduate curricula of public Higher Education Institutions in Brazil.
Methods. Documentary and descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The documentary search happened through the access to the E-mec website for the identification of public Higher Education Institutions for undergraduate nursing degree in Brazil. The menus available online from educational institutions that contained the terms “woman” and “violence” were analyzed. Data processing took place using the IraMuTeQ software, and they were analyzed using the Descending Hierarchical Classification technique.
Results. The analysis by the software resulted in an important degree of utilization (72.95%), since, of the 244 segments of texts from the menus, 178 were retained. The analysis by the Descending Hierarchical Classification resulted in four thematic categories: Violence against women as a pathological process linked to sexual and reproductive health; Women’s Health: Care, epidemiological, social and cultural aspects; Gender as an analytical category; and Children’s and Adolescents’ Care.
Conclusion. It was found a connection between the terms “woman” and “violence” to the sexual and reproductive aspects of women (physiological and pathological natures) susceptible to intervention; however, the gender approach is recognized as an analytical category for understanding the vulnerabilities of the female audience to illness and violence.
Clinical Education Stressors in Operating Room Students: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Norouzi Nahid , Imani Behzad 
Published: March 2021

Objective. The aim of this study is to explain the stressors of the clinical environment from the perspective of operating room undergraduate students.
Methods. The present study is a qualitative study of contractual content analysis type that was conducted in 2019 at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences. In this study, 10 undergraduate operating room students were selected by purposive sampling. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data.
Results. From the analysis of interviews, 4 main categories were extracted as the stressors of operating room students of Hamadan Paramedical School in clinical learning environment: the need to receive support from the clinical environment (Insufficient students’ skills in communicating with staff, Discrimination between paramedical students and residents, and Facilities available for training), lack of practical prerequisite skills (Contradiction between training and performance, and Lack of prerequisite knowledge for clinical practice), poor supportive and communication performance related to the instructor (Insufficient support of the instructor to the students against the medical staff, Evaluation criteria for instructors, and Treatment of instructor with students in presence of others), and psychological needs (Concerns about career prospects, Lack of motivational factors, and Lack of supportive counseling).
Conclusion. The results of this study showed that Operating room students are faced with many stressors in the clinical learning environment. All stressors identified in this study affected the students’ learning in the clinical setting. Lack of support for students in the clinical environment, poor practical skills training, poor support and communication performance related to the instructor, and poor psychological support of students are the factors that cause operating room student stress in the clinical environment.
Accuracy and Uncertainty Analysis of Selected Methodological Approaches to Earthquake Early Warning in Europe
Authors: Cremen Gemma , Zuccolo Elisa , Galasso Carmine 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEarthquake early warning (EEW) is becoming an increasingly attractive real-time strategy for mitigating the threats posed by potentially devastating incoming seismic events. As efforts accelerate to develop practical EEW-based solutions for earthquake-prone countries in Europe, it is important to understand and quantify the level of performance that can be achieved by the underlying seismological algorithms. We conduct a conceptual study on EEW performance in Europe, which explicitly focuses on the accuracy and associated uncertainties of selected methodological approaches. Twenty-three events from four diverse European testbeds are used to compare the quality of EEW predictions produced by the Virtual Seismologist and PRobabilistic and Evolutionary early warning SysTem algorithms. We first examine the location and magnitude estimates of the algorithms, accounting for both bias and uncertainty in the resulting predictions. We then investigate the ground-shaking prediction capabilities of the source-parameter estimates, using an error metric that can explicitly capture the propagation of uncertainties in these estimates. Our work highlights the importance of accounting for EEW parameter uncertainties, which are often neglected in studies of EEW performance. Our findings can be used to inform current and future implementations of EEW systems in Europe. In addition, the evaluation metrics presented in this work can be used to determine EEW accuracy in any worldwide setting.
Discrimination of Seismic Events (2006–2020) in North Korea UsingP/LgAmplitude Ratios from Regional Stations and a Bivariate Discriminant Function
Authors: Tibi Rigobert 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTwo events of magnitude (mb) 3.6–3.8 occurred in southern North Korea (NK) on 27 June 2019 and 11 May 2020. Although these events were located ∼330–400  km from the known nuclear test site, the fact that they occurred within the territory of NK, a country with a recent history of underground nuclear tests, made them events of interest for the monitoring community. We used P/Lg ratios from regional stations to categorize seismic events that occurred in NK from 2006 to May 2020, including these two recent events, the six declared NK nuclear tests, and the cavity collapse and triggered earthquakes that followed the 3 September 2017 nuclear explosion. We were able to separate the cavity collapse from the population of nuclear explosions. However, based on P/Lg ratios, the distinction between the earthquakes and the cavity collapse is ambiguous. The performed discriminant analyses suggest that combining Pg/Lg and Pn/Lg ratios results in improved discriminant power compared with any of the ratio types alone. We used the two ratio types jointly in a quadratic discriminant function and successfully classified the six declared nuclear tests and the triggered earthquakes that followed the September 2017 explosion. Our analyses also confirm that the recent southern events of June 2019 and May 2020 are both tectonic earthquakes that occurred naturally.
Laparoscopic management in hydatid disease of liver: a series of 35 cases
Authors: Shaikh Aftab S. , Tandur Amarjeet E. , Pathrabe Yugal S. , Patil Dhiraj S. , Bhandarwar Ajay H. , Shaikh Nilofar A. 
Published: March 2021

Background: The purpose of this study is to analyse the sociodemographic factors & clinical features of hydatid disease of liver and to emphasize on the safety, efficacy and the role of laparoscopy in its management in the present scenario. Methods: A prospective observational study was done for 35 patients who were diagnosed with and later underwent surgical intervention laparoscopically for hydatid disease of liver over a duration of 3 years from January 2017 to December 2019. Diagnosis was based on the history, clinical examination, ultrasonography of abdomen (USG) and contrast enhanced computed tomography scan of abdomen (CECT).Results: A slight female preponderance with most cases in the 4th decade of life and belonging to rural areas and low socio-economic status. A single cyst in the right lobe of the liver was most common lesion. The most common surgery performed was laparoscopic de-roofing of the cyst with omentoplasty. The most common complication was intra-operative spillage of cyst contents followed by post-operative biliary leak. Conclusions: In the present era laparoscopic surgery is safe, efficacious and plays a crucial role in the management of hepatic hydatid disease with its proven benefits over the conventional surgeries including less morbidity and mortality and reduced rate of recurrence.
Assessment of severity of illness on admission using SICK score and evaluation of the risk factors associated with mortality in children admitted in a paediatric urban tertiary care centre in south India
Authors: Rajeshwari N. , Savitha A. , Prahada J. 
Published: March 2021

Background: “Signs of inflammation that can kill” (SICK) score is one of the severities scoring systems used for predicting outcome of children at admission. The aim of the present study was to study the clinical and demographic profile of children admitted to Paediatric ward, to assess the usefulness of SICK score in predicting the mortality and evaluate the risk factors in predicting mortality. Methods: SICK scoring was done for 369 children on admission. The outcome was recorded as death or discharge. The associated factors were analysed using SPSS software package analysis. Receiver operating curve was used to arrive at the cut-off point of SICK score for predicting mortality. Quantitative data differences between children who died and children who were discharged from the hospital were analysed using student independent t test. Need for assisted ventilation, presence of shock, age less than 3 years, and SICK score>2 were studied to find their association with mortality. Statistical analysis was done using univariate analysis and those factors that were significantly associated with mortality were subjected multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: The performance of SICK score was “excellent” in discriminating between death and survival with area under the receiver operating characteristics curve 0.94. Age<3-year presence of shock, need for mechanical ventilation and SICK score>2 showed statistically significant association with mortality as evidenced by multivariate logistic regression model. Conclusions: SICK score performed extremely well in predicting mortality on admission. Age<3 years, SICK score>2, Presence of Shock and need for assisted ventilation showed statistically significant association with mortality.
Pathogenesis of COVID-19 and multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children
Authors: Shankaralingappa Arundhathi , Thirunavukkarasu Arun Babu 
Published: March 2021

World health organization declared COVID-19 caused by SARS CoV-2 virus as a pandemic in early 2020. The target cells facilitating viral entry are ACE-2 receptor bearing cells like bronchial epithelial cells and pneumocytes. Children pose a less risk compared to adults in acquiring this disease and mortality in them is low due to protective pathogenesis. Children with COVID-19 are also at risk of developing unique immunological phenomena, known as multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children. MIS-C is considered to be hyperimmune state resulting from cytokine storm and circulating immune complexes. This mini-review reflects the most recent understanding of the pathogenesis in children with special emphasis on MIS-C.
FAMILISMO E POLÍTICA SOCIAL: aproximações com as bases da formação sócio-histórica brasileira
Authors: Moraes Patricia Maccarini , Nunes Renata , Horst Claudio Henrique Miranda , Mioto Regina Célia Tamaso 
Published: March 2021

O artigo problematiza a construção do familismo no Brasil como elemento estruturante da política social na formação sóciohistórica brasileira. Destaca a necessidade de entender a vinculação orgânica entre política social e família para afrontar sua naturalização na esfera da proteção social. Ao recorrer à formação sócio-histórica observa repercussões do período colonial e imperial na configuração da cultura política na fase republicana. Aponta que tais repercussões incidem sobre a proteção social e revelam a posição estratégica da família no desenvolvimento do capitalismo. O recuo histórico é fundamental para explicar a arquitetura do familismo e demonstrar sua atualidade na estruturação da política social. Ressalta, ainda, que perdura no país uma concepção de família conectada às bases de sua formação social e econômica e com papel fundamental na reprodução ideológica da sociedade brasileira.Palavras–chave: Familismo. Política social. Formação sócio-histórica.FAMILISM AND SOCIAL POLICY: approaches with the bases of Brazilian socio-historical formationAbstractThe article discusses the construction of familism in Brazil as a structuring element of social policy in Brazil’s socio-historical formation. It highlights the need to understand the link between social policy and family to confront its naturalization in the sphere of social protection. By resorting to socio-historical formation, it is observed the repercussions of colonial and imperial periods in the configuration of political culture in the republican period. Such repercussions affect social protection and reveal the family's strategic position in the development of capitalism. The historical recap is key to explain the architecture of familism and to demonstrate its relevance in social policy. It is argued that persists in the country a concept of family connected to the basis of its social-economic formation and with a key role in the ideological reproduction of the brazilian society.Keywords: Familism. Social policy. Socio-historical formation.
KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK FRUIT LEATHER KENITU (Chrysophyllum cainito L.) DENGAN PENAMBAHAN CMC DAN KARAGENAN
Authors: Herlina Herlina , Belgis Maria , Wirantika Lufi 
Published: March 2021

Star apple is a seasonal local fruit that is commonly found in East Java, Indonesia. This fruit contains high fiber and antioxidants, however the utilization was not optimal specially at the harvest season, so it requires for further processing. Star fruit apple processing into fruit leather would expected to resolve this problem. Plasticity is an important parameter in fruit leather quality which can be influenced by binding agent, sugar, and acid composition. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the best concentration of binding agent that can produce star apple fruit leathers with good characteristics and preferred by consumers. The concentration of CMC and carrageenan used in this study were 0.1%; 0.3%; 0.5%. Physicochemical data were analyzed by ANOVA (α = 5%) and DMRT, while preference were analyzed using Chi-square test (α = 5%). The best treatment determination was using scoring analysis. The result showed that 0.3% carrageenan was the best treatment to produce star apple fruit leather with 54.48 lightness; 348 g/ 2 mm texture; 17.99 KPa tensile strength; 9.03% elongation; 2.68% syneresis; 22.49% water content; and 6.11% crude fiber content. While the color, aroma, texture, taste, and overall preference were as follows 73.33%; 63.33%; 73.33%; 60%; and 66.67% respectively.
Keywords: CMC, carrageenan, fruit leather, star apple
APLIKASI STABILISASI RICE BRAN DALAM FOOD BAR BERBASIS TEPUNG SORGUM SEBAGAI PANGAN DARURAT
Authors: Rahmawati Lufi Karisma , Karseno Karseno , Aini Nur 
Published: March 2021

Indonesia is a country that is prone to natural disasters. In emergency situation, a special food design for disaster victims that is practical and nutritional is needed. Food bar is one example of practical food that is suitable for consumption in emergencies. The basic ingredients of food bars can be made from sorghum flour which is rich in nutritional value. So that its function as an emergency food is more optimal then a food bar is applied using a stabilized rice bran. The purpose of this research was to determine the process condition of rice bran stabilization to produce rice bran with good taste and aroma, the organoleptic character of food bars and the physical and chemical characteristics of the five best food bar products. The method used is an experimental method with RBD (Randomized Group Design). The factors studied consisted of two factors: the use of roasted temperatures (T) and food bar formulations (P). The results obtained were stable rice bran with the use of a temperature of 120oC and a stabilization time of 6 minutes, which will later be used in the process of making food bars. The best food bar product formulation was food bar with the ratio of sorghum flour and rice bran stabilizing flour as much as 85%: 15% (P4) which was baked at 130oC (T4). This formulation showed a total protein value of 14.99%, 30.08% fat, 40.27% carbohydrate and 246.01 kcal energy and has physical characteristics in the form of a hardness value of 1597.56 g force.
Keywords: food bar, sorghum flour, stabilized rice bran
KARAKTERISTIK AMPLANG IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariepinus) HASIL VARIASI RASIO DAGING IKAN LELE DAN TAPIOKA
Authors: Priyanto Priyanto , Wibowo Yuli , Jayus Jay 
Published: March 2021

The demand for amplang crackers is now increasing. However, the price of its raw material, mackerel fish, is generally higher compare to other fishes, causing the higher cost of this type crackers production. Effort to explore other fish as an alternative raw material is required to overcome the problems. Catfish is one of the choices to be used as raw material since this fish is more available in a market in a lower price, but the protein properties of this fish is different to mackarel, which will be possible to affect the nature of the crackers obtained. To produce catfish amplang crackers to be similar to common amplang product, it is necessary to find out the right composition of catfish and tapioca flour used. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to characterize physico-chemically and organoleptically, the catfish amplang crackers made under different ratio of fish flesh and starch. The experiment was designed using completely randomized design. Physico-chemical data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA, while the organoleptic test data were examined using chi-square method. The effectiveness test was carried out to find the proper ratio of raw materials composition used. The results showed that the higher the ratio of the fish flesh and the starch composition, the lower the texture value of the crackers as an indication of the decrease of its crispness. Although the lightness of the crackers was lowered by the addition of more starch to the dough, its linear expansion and hygroscopicity were not affected. The results of organoleptic test showed that the panelist was prefer to a higher crispness of crackers. The most preferable cracker was the one with 1:2.25 ratio of catfish flesh and starch, showing the characteristic of 1.80% moisture, 2.08% ash, 5.75% protein, 23.55% fat, and 66,93% carbohydrate.
Keywords: cracker, catfish, tapioca starch