bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family‐focused therapy for individuals at high clinical risk for psychosis: A confirmatory efficacy trial
Authors: Miklowitz David J. , Addington Jean M. , O'Brien Mary P. , Denenny Danielle M. , Weintraub Marc J. , Zinberg Jamie L. , Mathalon Daniel H. , Cornblatt Barbara A. , Friedman‐Yakoobian Michelle S. , Stone William S. , Cadenhead Kristin S. , Woods Scott W. , Sugar Catherine A. , Cannon Tyrone D. , Bearden Carrie E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsYoung people with attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS), brief intermittent psychosis, and/or genetic risk and functional deterioration are at high risk for developing psychotic disorders. In a prior trial, family‐focused therapy for clinical high risk youth (FFT‐CHR) was more effective than brief psychoeducation in reducing APS severity over 6 months. This 7‐site trial will compare the efficacy of FFT‐CHR to a psychoeducational and supportive intervention (enhanced care) on APS and social functioning in CHR individuals over 18 months.MethodsParticipants (N = 220, ages 13–25 years) with a CHR syndrome will be randomly assigned to FFT‐CHR (18 1‐h sessions of family psychoeducation and communication/problem‐solving skills training) or enhanced care (3 1‐h family psychoeducational sessions followed by 5 individual support sessions), both given over 6 months. Participants will rate their weekly progress during treatment using a mobile‐enhanced online platform. Family communication will be assessed in a laboratory interactional task at baseline and post‐treatment. Independent evaluators will assess APS (primary outcome) and psychosocial functioning (secondary outcome) every 6 months over 18 months.ResultsWe hypothesize that, compared to enhanced care, FFT‐CHR will be associated with greater improvements in APS and psychosocial functioning over 18 months. Secondarily, improvements in family communication over 6 months will mediate the relationship between treatment condition and primary and secondary outcomes over 18 months. The effects of FFT‐CHR are predicted to be greater in individuals with higher baseline risk for psychosis conversion.ConclusionsResults of the trial will inform treatment guidelines for individuals at high risk for psychosis.
The Resurrection and God's Eschatological Justification: On a Secondary Strand of Karl Barth's Theology of the Resurrection
Authors: Kelly Declan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article considers the significance of the resurrection in the soteriology of Karl Barth. While Barth has rightly been associated with an understanding of the resurrection centred around the concepts of ‘declaration’ and ‘revelation’, this article explores an often overlooked secondary strand in Barth's theologia resurrectionis centred around the concepts of ‘redemption’ and ‘justice’. With a view of the ‘three‐agent’ character of the soteriology developed in §59.2–3, it will be demonstrated that this second strand of Barth's theology of the resurrection can fund an account of salvation as a reality completed not in the crucifixion of Christ but in God's new, eschatological act of raising Christ from the dead.
FICTION WORKS: Cultural ideas and the design of industrial relations systems in Britain and Denmark
Authors: Martin Cathie Jo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper explores how cultural work contributes to differences in coordinated and liberal industrial relations systems. Quantitative text analyses show profound and systematic differences between coordinated Denmark and liberal Britain in depictions of labour, skills, coordination and the role of government in large corpora of fictional works between 1700 and 1920. The analysis expands our notions about how ideas contribute to the employment relationship and to the defense against liberalization in the post‐industrial economy.
It’s not what you do, it’s why you do it: Motives for disclosure and concealment decisions among employees with depression
Authors: Follmer Kayla B. , Jones Kisha S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis multi‐method study examined disclosure decisions made by employees with depression as well as their motives for those decisions. In Study 1, we conducted in‐depth interviews with employees who had been diagnosed with depression to better understand why they chose to disclose or conceal their depression at work. Based on the results of the interviews, both approach and avoid motives for disclosure and concealment emerged in the analysis. Further, these motives were influenced by multiple organizational factors including social support, stigma, and diversity climate. In Study 2, we developed and validated a scale to measure approach and avoid motives for disclosure and concealement. In Study 3, we tested approach and avoid motives as mediators of the relationships between organizational factors and employee outcomes (i.e., engagement and presenteeism). We tested our model among 223 working adults with depression. Our results provided support for the hypothesized relationships among those who disclosed but not those who concealed, suggesting that when employees disclosed for approach reasons they were more likely to be engaged, and when they disclosed for avoid reasons they were more likely to engage in presenteeism. These findings provide both theoretical and practical contributions to the study of concealable identity management and to employees with mental illness.
Histological differences between lumbar and tail intervertebral discs in mice
Authors: Brendler Jana , Winter Karsten , Lochhead Paul , Schulz Angela , Ricken Albert Markus 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBoth the lumbar and tail intervertebral discs (IVD) of mice serve as models for the pathogenesis and histologic progression of degenerative disc disease. Recent studies in mature mice, however, demonstrate that the mechanics and physical attributes of lumbar and tail IVD‐endplate (EP)‐interfaces are strikingly different. We hypothesized that these structural disparities are associated with differences in the composition and organization of soft tissue elements that influence the biomechanical properties of the spine. Lumbar and tail vertebral segments and discs were collected from the same C57BL/6N and C57BL/6JRj mice, respectively for histological comparison of coronal sections at the ages of 4 weeks (weaned, both strains, C57BL/6N: n = 7; C57BL/6JRj: n = 4), three (mature, C57BL/6N: n = 7; C57BL/6JRj: n = 4), twelve (middle aged, C57BL/6JRj only: n = 3) and eighteen (old, C57BL/6JRj only: n = 3) months old. The histology of lumbar and tail IVD‐EP‐interfaces of mature mice differed markedly. The lumbar IVD‐EP‐interphase was characterized by a broad cartilaginous EP, while the tail IVD‐EP‐interphase comprised a thin layer of cartilage cells adjacent to a broad bony layer abutting the vertebral growth plate. Furthermore, the composition of the nuclei pulposi (NP) of lumbar and tail IVD in mature mice differed greatly. Lumbar NP consisted of a compact cluster of mainly large, uni‐vacuolated cells centered in an amorphous matrix, while tail NP were composed of a loose aggregate of vacuolated and non‐vacuolated cells. The anuli fibrosi also differed, with more abundant and sharply defined lamellae in tail compared to lumbar discs. The observed histological differences in the EP were even most prominent in weaned mice but were still discernible in middle‐aged and old mice. An appreciation of the histological differences between lumbar and tail IVD components in mice, including nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, and endplates, is essential to our understanding of spinal biomechanics in these animals and should inform the design and interpretation of future IVD‐studies.
Access and attitudinal barriers to engagement in integrated primary care mental health treatment for rural populations
Authors: Newman Mark W. , Hawrilenko Matt , Jakupcak Matthew , Chen Shiyu , Fortney John C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeCompared to urban areas, rural populations are less likely to engage in mental health care. Using data from the Study to Promote Innovation in Rural Integrated Telepsychiatry, we examined the effect of rurality on engagement in mental health treatment as well as the role of potential mediators.MethodsData were obtained from medical records and surveys. We defined rurality using the rural‐urban commuting area codes. Baseline mediators included the Endorsed and Anticipated Stigma Inventory and the Assessment of Perceived Access to Care. Engagement outcomes included number of psychotherapy visits and self‐reported medication use. We used path analysis to examine the relationship between rurality and engagement and the influence of mediating variables.FindingsRural participants were less likely to initiate psychotherapy (OR = 0.49;adjusted P= .036), although rurality was not associated with number of psychotherapy sessions or medication use. Rurality was associated with a small elevation in negative beliefs about mental health, but this potential mediator was not associated with engagement. Rurality was negatively associated with lower perceived need for treatment (OR = 0.67,adjusted P= .040), which was in turn positively associated with initiating psychotherapy (OR = 1.99,adjusted P= .001).ConclusionsNeither rurality itself nor the potential mediators had a large effect on engagement. Federally Qualified Health Centers offering colocated and/or integrated mental health care appear to be mostly mitigating rural‐urban disparities in mental health engagement. Improving rates of psychotherapy initiation for rural patients should remain a policy goal.
Rheological properties and interactions of fish gelatin–κ‐carrageenan polyelectrolyte hydrogels: The effects of salt
Authors: Tong Lu , Kang Xinzi , Fang Qi , Yang Wenge , Cen Shijie , Lou Qiaoming , Huang Tao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study mainly explored the effects of low‐concentration salts (0.1, 0.5 mM NaCl and Na2SO4) on the gel, rheological and structural properties of fish gelatin (FG)–κ‐carrageenan (κC) polyelectrolyte hydrogels. The results showed that κC could increase the gel strength, hardness, and chewiness of the FG–κC polyelectrolyte hydrogels, while the addition of salts had a negative effect. The rheological behaviors showed that the addition of salts reduced the apparent viscosity, gel, and melting points of the FG–κC polyelectrolyte hydrogels. Compared with NaCl, Na2SO4‐treated FG–κC had lower gel strength, hardness, viscosity, gelation, and melting points, while the addition of salts increased the fluorescence intensity by unfolding FG molecules. The secondary structure analysis results showed that the addition of NaCl and Na2SO4 decreased α‐helix and β‐sheet contents of FG–κC by destroying the hydrogen bond of FG–κC.
Yea or nay to artificial intelligence? More questions than answers under Malaysian copyright law
Authors: Sik Cheng Peng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe development of artificial intelligence draws heavily on training data which may be comprised of copyright works. Utilization of copyright works as such raises questions on copyright infringement as well as the possibilities of the usage being excused under the existing law. There are also concerns with respect to accessing copyright works in digital formats that are commonly protected by digital rights management tools. Restrictions on such usage may hamper the research and development of artificial intelligence applications. This paper examines the said issues with specific focus on first, the applicability of a seemingly Americanized fair dealing exception to copyright infringement under the Malaysian Copyright Act 1987; and second, the exceptions to legal protection of digital rights management. In doing so, the paper studies the existing models of the United States, United Kingdom, and the European Union. It ends with suggestions as to how copyright law may respond to the emerging needs and provide adequate latitude with the aim to promote research and development of artificial intelligence which would ultimately benefit the public at large.
Morphology control in crystalline nanoparticle–polymer aggregates
Authors: Bian Tong , Klajn Rafal 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSelf‐assembly of nanoparticles can be mediated by polymers, but has so far led almost exclusively to nanoparticle aggregates that are amorphous. Here, we employed Coulombic interactions to generate a range of composite materials from mixtures of charged nanoparticles and oppositely charged polymers. The assembly behavior of these nanoparticle/polymer composites depends on their order of addition: polymers added to nanoparticles give rise to stable aggregates, but nanoparticles added to polymers disassemble the initially formed aggregates. The amorphous aggregates were transformed into crystalline ones by transiently increasing the ionic strength of the solution. The morphology of the resulting crystals depended on the length of the polymer: short polymer chains mediated the self‐assembly of nanoparticles into strongly faceted crystals, whereas long chains led to pseudospherical nanoparticle/polymer assemblies, within which the crystalline order of nanoparticles was retained.
Evaluating Assessment in MOOCs
Authors: Agudo-Arroyo Yolanda , Callejo-Gallego Javier 
Published: August 2021

Este artículo analiza determinantes de la evaluación por pares. Presenta los resultados de encuestas online destinadas a evaluar cursos MOOC. Se centra en determinantes de tal evaluación, como la experiencia concreta durante el curso o aspectos externos, aplicando análisis multivariante de regresión logística binaria. Los resultados de 1037 encuestados muestran las dudas sobre este sistema de evaluación desde la relación entre expectativas y experiencias obtenidas en el curso que se ha seguido, la relación con los principios del modelo de aprendizaje, aspectos concretos de los contenidos y el diseño de los cursos, y las características de los estudiantes.
Cerebral small-vessel disease is associated with the severity of diabetic retinopathy in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Eriksson Marika I , Summanen Paula , Gordin Daniel , Forsblom Carol , Shams Sara , Liebkind Ron , Tatlisumak Turgut , Putaala Jukka , Groop Per-Henrik , Martola Juha , Thorn Lena M 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionCerebral small-vessel disease is common in neurologically asymptomatic individuals with type 1 diabetes. The retinal vasculature is thought to mirror the brain’s vasculature, but data on this association are limited in type 1 diabetes. Our aim was to study associations between diabetic retinopathy severity and cerebral small-vessel disease in type 1 diabetes.Research design and methodsFor this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 189 participants with type 1 diabetes (median age 40 (33–45) years; 53% female; diabetes duration 21.6 (18.2–30.7) years) and 29 healthy age-matched and sex-matched controls as part of the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study. Participants underwent a clinical investigation, brain MRI, and fundus imaging. Signs of cerebral small-vessel disease in brain MRIs were analyzed in relation to diabetic retinopathy severity (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) score).ResultsIn type 1 diabetes, participants with cerebral small-vessel disease had higher ETDRS scores (35 (20–61) vs 20 (20–35), p=0.022) and a higher prevalence of proliferative diabetic retinopathy than those without cerebral small-vessel disease (25% vs 9%, p=0.002). In adjusted analysis, proliferative diabetic retinopathy was associated with cerebral small-vessel disease (OR 2.57 (95% CI 1.04 to 6.35)). Median ETDRS score (35 (20–65) vs 20 (20–35), p=0.024) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy prevalence were higher (29% vs 13%, p=0.002) in participants with versus without cerebral microbleeds. ETDRS scores increased by number of cerebral microbleeds (p=0.001), both ETDRS score (OR 1.05 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.09)) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (8.52 (95% CI 1.91 to 37.94)) were associated with >2 cerebral microbleeds in separate multivariable analysis. We observed no association with white matter hyperintensities or lacunar infarcts.ConclusionsPresence of cerebral small-vessel disease on brain MRI, particularly cerebral microbleeds, is associated with the severity of diabetic retinopathy.
Telework in a pandemic context: protocol of a participatory study on the effects of teleworking conditions on the well-being and social participation of workers
Authors: Lecours Alexandra , Gilbert Marie-Hélène , Lord Marie-Michèle , Labrecque Charlotte , Boucher Frédéric 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionAlthough several authors have been interested in the well-being and social participation of teleworkers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, it appears that most of the recommendations issued are based on literature reviews or expert opinions; yet few authors have documented the perspectives of the workers. The aim of this study is to explore workers’ perspectives of teleworking in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic regarding the effects on their well-being and social participation.Methods and AnalysisUsing a participatory study protocol involving the collaboration of a community organisation defending workers’ rights, the first step will be to conduct focus groups to qualitatively describe workers’ perspectives of their teleworking conditions. Then, an online questionnaire will be administered to a large pool or workers to quantitatively explore the influence of individual, organisational and environmental variables on the well-being and social participation of workers. The thematic and statistical analyses of the data collected will indicate successful practices to be adopted by workers and organisations. These successful practices will be validated by workers through a Technique for Research of Information by Animation of a Group of Experts group and will serve as concrete tools to better support workers’ participation in teleworking.Ethics and disseminationThe approval of the research ethics board of the Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de la Capitale Nationale has been obtained. Findings will be shared with various stakeholders including workers, employers, insurers and unions. Findings will be disseminated in webinars, peer-reviewed journals and lectures.
Incidence and predictors of attrition among children attending antiretroviral follow-up in public hospitals, Southern Ethiopia, 2020: a retrospective study
Authors: Bimer Kirubel Biweta , Sebsibe Girum Teshome , Desta Kalkidan Wondwossen , Zewde Ashenafi , Sibhat Migbar Mekonnen 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundIt is a global challenge to enrol and retain paediatric patients in HIV/AIDS care. Attrition causes preventable transmission, stoppable morbidity and death, undesirable treatment outcomes, increased cost of care and drug resistance. Thus, this study intended to investigate the incidence and predictors of attrition among children receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART).MethodA retrospective follow-up study was conducted among children <15 years who had ART follow-up in Gedeo public hospitals. After collection, data were entered into Epi-data V.4.6, then exported to and analysed using STATA V.14. Data were described using the Kaplan-Meier statistics, life table and general descriptive statistics. The analysis was computed using the Cox proportional hazard regression model. Covariates having <0.25 p values in the univariate analysis (such as developmental stage, nutritional status, haemoglobin level, adherence, etc) were fitted to multivariable analysis. Finally, statistical significance was declared at a p value of <0.05.ResultsAn overall 254 child charts were analysed. At the end of follow-up, attrition from ART care was 36.2% (92 of 254), of which 70 (76.1%) were lost to follow-up, and 22 (23.9%) children died. About 8145.33 child-months of observations were recorded with an incidence attrition rate of 11.3 per 1000 child-months (95% CI: 9.2 to 13.9), whereas the median survival time was 68.73 months. Decreased haemoglobin level (<10 g/dl) (adjusted HR (AHR)=3.1; 95% CI: 1.4 to 6.9), delayed developmental milestones (AHR=3.6; 95% CI: 1.2 to 10.7), underweight at baseline (AHR=5.9; 95% CI: 1.6 to 21.7), baseline CD4 count ≤200 (AHR=4.4; 95% CI: 1.6 to 12.2), and poor or fair ART adherence (AHR=3.5; 95% CI: 1.5 to 7.9) were significantly associated with attrition.Conclusion and recommendationRetention to ART care is challenging in the paediatrics population, with such a high attrition rate. Immune suppression, anaemia, underweight, delayed developmental milestones and ART non-adherence were independent predictors of attrition to ART care. Hence, it is crucial to detect and control the identified predictors promptly. Serious adherence support and strengthened nutritional provision with monitoring strategies are also essential.
Nutritional practices and growth of preterm infants in two neonatal units in the UK and Malaysia: a prospective exploratory study
Authors: Abdul Hamid Haslina , Szatkowski Lisa , Budge Helen , Cheah Fook-Choe , Ojha Shalini 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveTo explore differences in nutritional practices and growth outcomes among preterm infants in neonatal units in Malaysia and the UK.DesignProspective exploratory study of infants born at <34 weeks gestational age (GA).SettingTwo neonatal units, one in Malaysia and one in the UK (May 2019 to March 2020).MethodsData collected from birth until discharge and compared between units.ResultsFrom 100 infants included, median GA (IQR) was 31 (30–33) and mean±SD birth weight was 1549±444 g. There were more small-for-gestational age infants in Malaysian unit: 12/50 (24%) vs UK: 3/50 (6%), p=0.012 and more morbidities. More Malaysian infants received breast milk (Malaysia: 49 (98%) vs UK: 38 (76%), p=0.001), fortified breast milk (Malaysia: 43 (86%) vs UK: 13 (26%), p<0.001) and exclusive breast milk at discharge (Malaysia: 26 (52%) vs UK: 16 (32%), p=0.043). There was higher parenteral nutrition use among Malaysian infants (40/50 (80%)) vs UK (19/50 (38%)) (p<0.001) with higher protein intake (mean±SD Malaysia: 3.0±0.5 vs UK: 2.7±0.6 g/kg/d, p=0.004) in weeks 1–4 and smaller cumulative protein deficits (mean±SD Malaysia: 11.4±6.1 vs UK: 15.4±8.0 g/kg, p=0.006). There were no significant differences in short-term growth between units and more than half of the infants in both units had ≥1.28 changes in weight-for-age Z-score at discharge (p=0.841).ConclusionsAn exploratory comparison of practices showed differences in patient characteristics and nutritional practices which impacted growth. Future studies with larger sample sizes and detailed analysis of maternal characteristics and infants’ outcomes are needed for improving care of preterm infants in all settings.