bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of ESBL and MBL Antibiotic Resistance Genes in 100 Clinical Isolates of Escherichia Coli by Multiplex PCR
Authors: Petroudi bahman Ghadami , Shokri Rahman , Esmaeili Davoud 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Bckground: Increasing use of beta-lactam antimicrobials in the treatment of bacterial infections has increased resistance against them. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the patterns of antibiotic susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics and to investigate the presence of beta-lactamase and Metallo-beta-lactamase genes blaKPC, blaTEM, blaAmpc, blaIND, blaSIM, and blaGIM in clinical specimens of Escherichia coli.Methods: In this study, 100 urine samples were collected from different wards of hospitals and treatment centers in the west of Tehran province, and 100 strains of Escherichia coli were confirmed by biochemical tests. In the next step, a susceptibility test was performed on 3 selected antibiotics. Then, using the Combine Disk Test method, ESBL and MBL strains were identified. Finally, using the multiplex PCR method, the strains producing KPC, TEM, Ampc, IND, GIM, and SIM enzymes were identified.Results: In this study, the highest resistance of strains to cefotaxime was observed. n = 52 (52%) and their highest sensitivity to imipenem was seen n = 95 (95%). Also, n = 53 (53%) of the samples had ESBL genes. Also, 41 isolates (77%) of the studied strains contained the blaTEM gene, 12 isolates (23%) of the strains contained the blaAmpc gene and 20 isolates (38%) of the strains contained blakpc gene. Also, n= 19 (19%) of the samples had MBL genes. Also, 4 isolates (21%) of the strains contained the IND gene, 4 isolates (21%) of the strains contained the GIM gene, 7 isolates (37%) contained the SIM gene.Conclusion: Due to the high percentage of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, careful antibiogram testing before antibiotic administration in infections caused by ESBL and MBL-producing organisms is an unavoidable necessity. Therefore, by quickly and correctly identifying the pattern of antibiotic resistance, the physician will be able to select the appropriate antibiotic therapy and prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance.
Does ethnicity influence dementia, stroke and mortality risk? Evidence from the UK Biobank
Authors: Bonnechère Bruno , Liu Jun , Thomson Alexander , Amin Najaf , Duijn Cornelia van 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The number of people with dementia and stroke, which are heritable diseases, is increasing worldwide. There is increasing evidence that there are clinically relevant genetic differences across ethnicities. This study aims to quantify risk factors of dementia, stroke, and mortality in Asian and black participants compared to whites. 272,660 participants from the UKBiobank were included in the final analysis, among whom the vast majority are white (97.80%), followed by Asian (1.35%), and black (0.84%) participants. After adjusting for risk factors, black participants have an increased risk of dementia and stroke compared to whites participants, while Asians did not. The risk of mortality is not different in blacks and white participants but Asians have a decreased risk. This study highlights the difference in the risk of dementia and stroke in black people living in the UK compared to white people.
Changes in Freezing Rain Occurrence Over Eastern Canada Using Convection-Permitting Climate Simulations
Authors: Marinier Sébastien , Thériault Julie M. , Ikeda Kyoko 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Freezing precipitation have major consequences for ground and air transportation, the health of citizens, and power networks. Previous studies using coarse resolution climate models have shown a northward migration of freezing rain in the future. Increased model resolution can better define local topography leading to improved representation of conditions that are favorable for freezing rain. The goal of this study is to examine the climatology and characteristics of future freezing rain events using very-high resolution climate models. Historical and pseudo-global warming simulations with a 4-km horizontal resolution were used and compared with available observations. Simulations revealed a northerly shift of freezing rain occurrence, and an increase in the winter. Freezing rain was still shown to occur in the Saint-Lawrence River Valley in a warmer climate, primarily due to stronger wind channeling. Up to 50% of the future freezing rain events also occurred in the historical simulation within 12 h of each other. In northern Maine, they are typically shorter than 6 h in current climate and longer than 6 h in warmer conditions due to the timing of low-pressure systems. The occurrence of freezing rain also locally increases slightly north of Québec City in a warmer climate because of freezing rain that is produced by warm rain processes. Overall, the study shows that high-resolution, regional climate simulations are needed to study freezing rain events in warmer climate conditions, because high resolutions better define the atmospheric conditions aloft and near the surface that strongly influence these events.
Diverse Psychotropic Substances Detected in Drug and Paraphernalia Samples Submitted to Drug Checking Services in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, October 2019-April 2020
Authors: Scarfone Kristy , Maghsoudi Nazlee , McDonald Karen , Stefan Cristiana , Beriault Daniel R , Wong Ernest , Evert Mark , Hopkins Shaun , Leslie Peter , Watson Tara Marie , Werb Dan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe opioid overdose crisis has generated innovative harm reduction and drug market monitoring strategies. In Toronto, Ontario, Canada, a multi-site drug checking service (DCS) pilot project was launched in October 2019. The project provides people who use drugs with information on the chemical composition of their substances, thereby increasing their capacity to make more informed decisions about their drug use and avoid overdose. DCS also provides real-time market monitoring to identify trends in the unregulated drug supply. MethodsSample data were obtained through analyses of drug and used paraphernalia samples submitted anonymously and free of charge to DCS in downtown Toronto from October 10, 2019 to April 9, 2020, representing the first six months of DCS implementation. Analyses were conducted in clinical laboratories using ultra high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS), and liquid chromatography or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS, GC-MS) techniques. ResultsOverall, 555 samples were submitted, with 49% (271) of samples that were found to contain high-potency opioids, of which 87% (235) also contained stimulants. Benzodiazepines or related drugs were also found in 21% (116) of all samples, and synthetic cannabinoids in 1% (7) of all samples. Negative effects (including overdose) were reported for 12% (69) of samples submitted for analysis.ConclusionsToronto’s DCS identified a range of high-potency opioids with stimulants, benzodiazepines and related drugs, and a synthetic cannabinoid, AMB-FUBINACA. This information can inform a range of evidence-informed overdose prevention efforts.
Evaluation of Haemodynamics and Morphology of Carotid Artery in Nonarteritic Anterior Ischaemic Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Li Jiali , Chen Binghao , Liu Shanshan , Chen Ting 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose

To compare haemodynamics and morphological changes of carotid artery in patients with unilateral non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) with their contralateral side.
Methods

Twenty-six patients with unilateral NAION were included in this retrospective study. Colour Doppler imaging (CDI) was used to measure the haemodynamics and morphological changes of carotid artery, including blood flow velocities of common carotid artery (CCA) as well as the diameter of CCA, internal carotid artery (ICA), external carotid artery (ECA) and the thickness of carotid artery plaque. A paired-sample t test was performed to analyze those carotid artery hemodynamics and morphological changes between the affected eye and the unaffected contralateral eye. Subgroup analysis of the blood flow velocities of CCA was performed by dividing patients into two groups according to the presence/ absence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension or hyperlipidaemia.
Results

The average blood flow velocity of CCA in the affected eyes was 0.45 ± 0.13m/s, greater than that in the unaffected eyes (0.41 ± 0.15m/s) (p = 0.003; t=-3.321). Subgroup analysis found this significant bilateral difference was still existed in groups of diabetes mellitus, non-diabetes mellitus, and hypertension except for groups of non-hypertension, hyperlipidamemia, and non-hyperlipidaemia. The thickness of carotid artery plaque was 0.75 ± 1.33mm in the affected eyes, insignificantly differed from that in the unaffected eyes (0.55 ± 0.77mm) (p = 0.4). There were no difference in the diameters of the CCA, ICA, and ECA between the affected and unaffected eyes (p = 0.862, 0.758, and 0.72, respectively).
Conclusions

Increased CCA blood flow velocity might be associated with the development of NAION. Further study on larger scale are needed to confirm our findings.
Diaphragmatic Excursion is Correlated With the Improvement in Exercise Tolerance After Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Shiraishi Masashi , Higashimoto Yuji , Sugiya Ryuji , Mizusawa Hiroki , Takeda Yu , Fujita Shuhei , Nishiyama Osamu , Kudo Shintarou , Kimura Tamotsu , Chiba Yasutaka , Fukuda Kanji , Tohda Yuji , Matsumoto Hisako 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the maximum level of diaphragm excursion (DEmax) is correlated with dynamic lung hyperinflation and exercise tolerance. This study aims to clarify the utility of DEmax to predict the improvement in exercise tolerance after pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in patients with COPD.Methods: This was a prospective cohort study. Sixty-two patients with stable COPD participated in an outpatient PR programme from April 2018 to February 2021, and 50 completed the programme. Six-minute walk distance (6MWD) was used to evaluate exercise tolerance, and ultrasonography was used to measure DEmax. Responders to PR in exercise capacity were defined as patients with an increase >30 m in 6MWD. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the cut-off point of DEmax to predict responses to PR.Results: Baseline levels of forced expiratory volume in one second (%FEV1), 6MWD, maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax), DEmax and quadriceps muscle strength (QMS) were significantly higher, and peak dyspnoea of modified Borg (mBorg) scale was lower in responders (n = 30) than in non-responders (n = 20) to PR (p < 0.01). In multivariate analysis, DEmax was significantly correlated with an increase of >30 m in 6MWD. The area under the ROC curve of DEmax to predict responders was 0.915, with a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 95% at a cut-off point of 44.9 mm of DEmax.Conclusion: DEmax well predicted the improvement in exercise tolerance after PR in patients with COPD.
Analysis of the Prognosis Related Genes in HER2+ Breast Cancer Based on Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis
Authors: WENG Yujie , JIA RONG , LI ZHONGXIAN , LIANG WEI , JI YUCHENG , LIANG YING , NING PENGFEI 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is one of the malignant tumors that threaten women's health, with HER2+ breast cancer being more aggressive. In this study, bioinformatics methods were used to find potential key genes in HER2 + for diagnosis and treatment.Methods: Datasets of HER2+ breast cancer and normal tissue samples retrieved from TCGA databases were subjected to DEGs analysis using R software. Then WGCNA is constructed for DEGs. The key gene co-expression modules were then subjected to GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses, as well as construction of PPI networks using the STRING database for identifying key genes. Finally, key genes were further validated by survival analysis, protein expression, and COX regression models.Results: We identified 2063 DEGs and 4 gene co-expression modules. Functional enrichment analysis showed that these key co-expression modules were mainly associated with extracellular matrix organization, extracellular matrix structural constituent and neuroactive ligand−receptor interaction. PPI network visualization identified 100 key genes, 3 of which were not present in the other subtypes of breast cancer. UTS2 DRD4 and GLP1R are key genes specific to the HER2+ subtype. Survival analysis showed that UTS2 are prognosis-related key genes in HER2+ breast cancer. Finally, UTS2 combined with clinical data to construct Cox regression model.Conclusions: Combined with the two screening methods, 3 key genes closely related to HER2 + breast cancer were identified. UTS2 is a new potential key gene and may become a new therapeutic target for HER2 + breast cancer.
WITHDRAWN: The Effect of Mobile Health Intervention on Adherence to a Healthy Lifestyle in Patients with Cardiac Syndrome X (CSX)
Authors: Malekzadeh Soraya , Chong Mei Chan , Tang Li Yoong , Omidi Negar 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background:
Cardiac syndrome X (CSX) is regarded as a form of ischemic heart disease with functional coronary microvascular abnormalities. This abnormal functioning of coronary microvasculature, often associated with endothelial dysfunction, results in a reduced coronary blood flow reserve. The incidence of CSX in patients undergoing invasive diagnostics for coronary heart disease was approximately 20–30%. Moreover, about 60–70% of CSX patients are female. The CSX symptoms are often debilitating and sufferers have a poor quality of life, with costly demand for healthcare services.
METHODS
The quasi-experimental survey was conducted in a teaching hospital. In this study, 100 Iranian outpatients who were referred to the heart clinic were recruited by randomized sampling. CSX patients were asked to fill out the demographic characteristics form and questionnaires in pre-test then after the period of intervention has been performed the post-test.
Results:
The independent t-test for continuous variable and chi - square test for categorical variables were used. There was no significant difference between two groups for all demographic of intervention and control groups, and RM-Manova was done for main research variables. The result revealed that score of knowledge on CSX risk factors was significantly higher in the experimental group (mean = 20.96) & (SD = 1.77), compared with the control group (mean = 16.32) & (SD = 3.12).
Conclusion
The mobile health messaging intervention significantly is useful for CSX Patients. The educational programs and Lifestyle modification represent a highly effective and low-cost intervention in order to improve the adherence to a healthy lifestyle among cardiac patients.
Identification and Profiling of Conserved MicroRNAs in Different Developmental Stages of Crown Imperial (Fritillaria Imperialis L.) using High-throughput Sequencing
Authors: Teshniz Fereshteh Ahmadi , Shiran Behrouz , Mousavi-Fard Sadegh , Fallahi Hossein , Đeri Bojana Banović 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Novel strategies for improvement of plants’ ornamental and other properties relay on miRNA control of differential plant gene expression modulation. Still, in response to the same abiotic stresses, some conserved miRNA families show different expression patterns in different plant species. In parallel, the use of deep sequencing technologies reveals new levels of complexity of regulatory networks in plants through identification of new miRNAs. These are two major reasons why more studies are needed before envisioned new strategies may take their course in practical application domain. This research revealed 21 conserved miRNAs, matching 15 miRNA families, in Fritilaria imperialis. Among identified conserved miRNA families in crown imperial, miR166, miR169 and miR396 families were the most abundant ones. The expression of seven conserved miRNAs (Fim-miR156b, Fim-miR159, Fim-miR166a-5p, Fim-miR169d-5p, Fim-miR171c, Fim-miR393 and Fim-miR396e-3p) was further investigated in different tissues and three developmental stages, suggesting different roles these miRNAs have in growth and development of crown imperial. Gained knowledge from this research can open the door to find efficient ways to secure crown imperial survival, preservation and utilization and if proven useful may be applied in other plant species as well.
Characterization And Diversity of The Uterine Microbiota In Simmental And Simbrah Cows By Sequencing The V4 Region of The Gen rRNA-16s During An FTAI Protocol.
Authors: Luna Emiliano Zapata , Vega Ruben Cervantes 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
New generation sequencing techniques allow us to characterize the bacterial populations present in any organ or area. The knowledge of the uterine microbiota in bovines has grown in recent years as it has been shown that it influences fertility, however, there are very few studies in beef cattle. This work aims to contribute by generating information in beef cows, characterizing the uterine microbiome, determined by the sequencing of the hypervariate regions of gen 16S rRNA in samples obtained by the cytobrush technique in open cows prior to and during a standard synchronization, using an intravaginal device of progesterone, plus benzoate of estradiol and prostaglandins. The relative abundance in group I and II were very similar; Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. Group III was Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria, and Group IV, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Fusobacteria. The taxonomic composition in utero decreases throughout the synchronization protocol. There are internal and external factors that alter bacterial populations such as health status, hormones, pregnancy, medication administration, among others. To establish whether bacterial abundance has an influence on fertility, more robust studies are needed.
Effect of Preoperative Hydronephrosis on Ureteral Stenosis after Flexible Ureteroscopy: A Propensity Scores Matching Analysis
Authors: Shen Yuefan , Xiang Anping , Shao Sihi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Ureteral stenosis is a serious complication after flexible ureteroscopy. Other studies have confirmed that stone impaction and intraoperative ureteral injury are important factors causing stricture, and how to predict the occurrence of stricture before surgery may be an important topic. This study retrospectively studied the influence of preoperative hydronephrosis degree on ureteral stenosis after flexible ureteroscopy to explore whether preoperative hydronephrosis degree could predict postoperative ureteral stenosis. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on patients who received flexible ureteroscopy in our hospital for upper ureteral calculi from January 2015 to June 2018. The postoperative follow-up was performed for 36 months, and intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded. According to the degree of hydronephrosis, the patients were divided into mild hydronephrosis group and moderate and severe hydronephrosis group. Preoperative clinical baseline data of the patients were adjusted by propensity matching score, and differences in intraoperative mucosal injury, operative time, incidence of postoperative ureteral stricture, and SFR 1 month after surgery were statistically analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test were used to compare the differences in the cumulative incidence of ureteral stenosis between the two groups. Cox regression analysis was used to compare the hazard ratio of ureteral stenosis between the two groups. RESULTS: A total of 447 patients with 469 sides surgery were included, including 349 sides in the mild hydronephrosis group and 120 sides in the moderate and severe hydronephrosis group. 30 sides in 29 patients developed ureteral stenosis. The stenosis rate before propensity matching analysis was 6.4%, and 8% after propensity matching analysis. However, the SFR and operation time were not statistically consistent. Kaplan-Meier showed a significant difference in the cumulative incidence of ureteral stenosis between the two groups.CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative patients with moderate to severe hydronephrosis are more likely to have intraoperative mucosal injury, and the incidence of ureteral stricture is higher after flexible ureteroscopy. Preoperative hydronephrosis is an important predictor of ureteral stricture. Preoperative hydronephrosis is an important predictor of ureteral stricture.
Household Food Security During The COVID-19 Pandemic in Urban and Semi-Urban Areas in Indonesia.
Authors: Syafiq Ahmad , Fikawati Sandra , Gemily Syilga Cahya 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
One of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic was the weakening of the community's economic condition. The weak economy of the community will have an impact on household food security. This study aims to determine food security in the COVID-19 pandemic situation and the impact of the pandemic on food security in urban and semi-urban areas.
Methods
A cross-sectional study with a total sample of 517 people who live in urban (Jakarta) and semi-urban (Depok) areas. The research data was collected online and purposively through Posyandu cadres who have access to family/community. Data analysis used the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression.
Results
There were 65.0% of households had food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that family income during the COVID-19 pandemic (AOR = 4.2; 95%CI = 2.7–6.7), the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (AOR = 2.6; 95%CI = 1.6–4.1), and the age of the respondent (AOR = 1.7; 95%CI = 1.1–2.5) was significantly related to household food security after being controlled by husband's work status during the pandemic.
Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on employment and income which then decreasing the level of household food security.
Optimization of 3D controlled ELM-free state with recovered global confinement for tokamak fusion plasmas
Authors: Kim SangKyeun , Shousha Ricardo , Hahn SangHee , Nelson Andrew , Wai Josiah , Yang SeongMoo , Park Jong-Kyu , Nazikian Raffi , Jeon YoungMu , In YongKyoon , Lee Jaehyun , Kim JaeWook , Lee ChanYoung , Na Yong-Su , Kolemen Egemen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Mitigation of deleterious heat flux from edge-localized modes (ELMs) on fusion reactors is often attempted with 3D perturbations of the confining magnetic fields. However, the established technique of resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) also degrades plasma performance, complicating implementation on future fusion reactors. In this paper, we introduce an adaptive real-time control scheme as a viable approach to simultaneously achieve both ELM-free states and recovered high-confinement (βN~1.91$ and HN~0.9), demonstrating successful handling of a volatile complex system through adaptive measures. We show that, by exploiting a salient hysteresis process to adaptively minimize the RMP strength, stable ELM suppression can be achieved while actively encouraging confinement recovery. This is made possible by a self-organized transport response in the plasma edge which reinforces the confinement improvement through a widening of the ion pedestal and promotes control stability, in contrast to the deteriorating effect on performance observed in standard RMP experiments. These results establish the real-time approach as an up-and-coming solution towards an optimized ELM-free state, which is an important step for the operation of ITER and reactor-grade tokamak plasmas. Notably, the real-time adaptive control scheme introduced here provides a path towards economic fusion reactors by maximizing the fusion gain while minimizing damage to machine components.