bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly efficient, heat dissipating, stretchable organic light-emitting diodes based on a MoO3/Au/MoO3 electrode with encapsulation
Authors: Choi Dae Keun , Kim Dong Hyun , Lee Chang Min , Hafeez Hassan , Sarker Subrata , Yang Jun Su , Chae Hyung Ju , Jeong Geon-Woo , Choi Dong Hyun , Kim Tae Wook , Yoo Seunghyup , Song Jinouk , Ma Boo Soo , Kim Taek-Soo , Kim Chul Hoon , Lee Hyun Jae , Lee Jae Woo , Kim Donghyun , Bae Tae-Sung , Yu Seung Min , Kang Yong-Cheol , Park Juyun , Kim Kyoung-Ho , Sujak Muhammad , Song Myungkwan , Kim Chang-Su , Ryu Seung Yoon 
Published: May 2021

AbstractStretchable organic light-emitting diodes are ubiquitous in the rapidly developing wearable display technology. However, low efficiency and poor mechanical stability inhibit their commercial applications owing to the restrictions generated by strain. Here, we demonstrate the exceptional performance of a transparent (molybdenum-trioxide/gold/molybdenum-trioxide) electrode for buckled, twistable, and geometrically stretchable organic light-emitting diodes under 2-dimensional random area strain with invariant color coordinates. The devices are fabricated on a thin optical-adhesive/elastomer with a small mechanical bending strain and water-proofed by optical-adhesive encapsulation in a sandwiched structure. The heat dissipation mechanism of the thin optical-adhesive substrate, thin elastomer-based devices or silicon dioxide nanoparticles reduces triplet-triplet annihilation, providing consistent performance at high exciton density, compared with thick elastomer and a glass substrate. The performance is enhanced by the nanoparticles in the optical-adhesive for light out-coupling and improved heat dissipation. A high current efficiency of ~82.4 cd/A and an external quantum efficiency of ~22.3% are achieved with minimum efficiency roll-off.
Yap regulates skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation and adiposity in metabolic disease
Authors: Watt K. I. , Henstridge D. C. , Ziemann M. , Sim C. B. , Montgomery M. K. , Samocha-Bonet D. , Parker B. L. , Dodd G. T. , Bond S. T. , Salmi T. M. , Lee R. S. , Thomson R. E. , Hagg A. , Davey J. R. , Qian H. , Koopman R. , El-Osta A. , Greenfield J. R. , Watt M. J. , Febbraio M. A. , Drew B. G. , Cox A. G. , Porrello E. R. , Harvey K. F. , Gregorevic P. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObesity is a major risk factor underlying the development of metabolic disease and a growing public health concern globally. Strategies to promote skeletal muscle metabolism can be effective to limit the progression of metabolic disease. Here, we demonstrate that the levels of the Hippo pathway transcriptional co-activator YAP are decreased in muscle biopsies from obese, insulin-resistant humans and mice. Targeted disruption of Yap in adult skeletal muscle resulted in incomplete oxidation of fatty acids and lipotoxicity. Integrated ‘omics analysis from isolated adult muscle nuclei revealed that Yap regulates a transcriptional profile associated with metabolic substrate utilisation. In line with these findings, increasing Yap abundance in the striated muscle of obese (db/db) mice enhanced energy expenditure and attenuated adiposity. Our results demonstrate a vital role for Yap as a mediator of skeletal muscle metabolism. Strategies to enhance Yap activity in skeletal muscle warrant consideration as part of comprehensive approaches to treat metabolic disease.
Quantum transport in a single molecular transistor at finite temperature
Authors: Kalla Manasa , Chebrolu Narasimha Raju , Chatterjee Ashok 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe study quantum transport in a single molecular transistor in which the central region consists of a single-level quantum dot and is connected to two metallic leads that act as a source and a drain respectively. The quantum dot is considered to be under the influence of electron–electron and electron–phonon interactions. The central region is placed on an insulating substrate that acts as a heat reservoir that interacts with the quantum dot phonon giving rise to a damping effect to the quantum dot. The electron–phonon interaction is decoupled by applying a canonical transformation and then the spectral density of the quantum dot is calculated from the resultant Hamiltonian by using Keldysh Green function technique. We also calculate the tunneling current density and differential conductance to study the effect of quantum dissipation, electron correlation and the lattice effects on quantum transport in a single molecular transistor at finite temperature.
A simple and rapid method for fish sex identification based on recombinase-aided amplification and its use in Cynoglossus semilaevis
Authors: Nie Zhichao , Lü Peng , Zhang Rusong , Tu Yishuai , Liu Zhenni , Li Yin , Tang Cong , Li Xiqing , Zhao Kun , Zhou Qiang , Li Feng , Wang Jun , Zeng Zhanzhuang , Tu Min , Zhang Hong 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFish sex identification is a basic technique of great importance for both fish genetic studies and fisheries. Due to the sexual reversal phenomenon in many fish species, a simple and rapid molecular identification method for fish genetic sex is urgently needed to suit versatile detection scenarios, such as point-of-need applications. In this study, we took Cynoglossus semilaevis as an example, established a recombinase-aided amplification (RAA)-based method for sex identification, and combined the RAA-detection with two result visualization approaches with distinct features, capillary electrophoresis (CE) and lateral flow dipstick (LFD). Specific primers and probe were designed to specifically detect the sex chromosome W of C. semilaevis in order to distinguish the genetic sex between males, pseudo-males and females. To evaluate the performance of our methods, the genetic sex for twenty-eight males, sixty-eight pseudo-males and fifty-four females were examined with the RAA-based method and classical PCR-based genotyping method, demonstrating the consistent results of sex identification between both methods. The RAA-LFD method is operationally simple, rapid (~ 30 min) and holds great potential for point-of-need applications of fish sex identification, including fishery fields. The method presented here could be effective for identifying fish gender with the ZW karyotype.
Artificial intelligence could alert for focal skeleton/bone marrow uptake in Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients staged with FDG-PET/CT
Authors: Sadik May , López-Urdaneta Jesús , Ulén Johannes , Enqvist Olof , Krupic Armin , Kumar Rajender , Andersson Per-Ola , Trägårdh Elin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTo develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-based method for the detection of focal skeleton/bone marrow uptake (BMU) in patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) undergoing staging with FDG-PET/CT. The results of the AI in a separate test group were compared to the interpretations of independent physicians. The skeleton and bone marrow were segmented using a convolutional neural network. The training of AI was based on 153 un-treated patients. Bone uptake significantly higher than the mean BMU was marked as abnormal, and an index, based on the total squared abnormal uptake, was computed to identify the focal uptake. Patients with an index above a predefined threshold were interpreted as having focal uptake. As the test group, 48 un-treated patients who had undergone a staging FDG-PET/CT between 2017–2018 with biopsy-proven HL were retrospectively included. Ten physicians classified the 48 cases regarding focal skeleton/BMU. The majority of the physicians agreed with the AI in 39/48 cases (81%) regarding focal skeleton/bone marrow involvement. Inter-observer agreement between the physicians was moderate, Kappa 0.51 (range 0.25–0.80). An AI-based method can be developed to highlight suspicious focal skeleton/BMU in HL patients staged with FDG-PET/CT. Inter-observer agreement regarding focal BMU is moderate among nuclear medicine physicians.
Alternative splicing acts as an independent prognosticator in ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Ouyang Yan , Xia Kaide , Yang Xue , Zhang Shichao , Wang Li , Ren Shan , Zhou Houming , Liu Yi , Tang Fuzhou 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAlternative splicing (AS) events associated with oncogenic processes present anomalous perturbations in many cancers, including ovarian carcinoma. There are no reliable features to predict survival outcomes for ovarian cancer patients. In this study, comprehensive profiling of AS events was conducted by integrating AS data and clinical information of ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV). Survival-related AS events were identified by Univariate Cox regression analysis. Then, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to construct the prognostic signatures within each AS type. Furthermore, we established a splicing-related network to reveal the potential regulatory mechanisms between splicing factors and candidate AS events. A total of 730 AS events were identified as survival-associated splicing events, and the final prognostic signature based on all seven types of AS events could serve as an independent prognostic indicator and had powerful efficiency in distinguishing patient outcomes. In addition, survival-related AS events might be involved in tumor-related pathways including base excision repair and pyrimidine metabolism pathways, and some splicing factors might be correlated with prognosis-related AS events, including SPEN, SF3B5, RNPC3, LUC7L3, SRSF11 and PRPF38B. Our study constructs an independent prognostic signature for predicting ovarian cancer patients’ survival outcome and contributes to elucidating the underlying mechanism of AS in tumor development.
Radiation inducible MafB gene is required for thymic regeneration
Authors: Hashimoto Daiki , Colet Jose Gabriel R. , Murashima Aki , Fujimoto Kota , Ueda Yuko , Suzuki Kentaro , Hyuga Taiju , Hemmi Hiroaki , Kaisho Tsuneyasu , Takahashi Satoru , Takahama Yousuke , Yamada Gen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe thymus facilitates mature T cell production by providing a suitable stromal microenvironment. This microenvironment is impaired by radiation and aging which lead to immune system disturbances known as thymic involution. Young adult thymus shows thymic recovery after such involution. Although various genes have been reported for thymocytes and thymic epithelial cells in such processes, the roles of stromal transcription factors in these remain incompletely understood. MafB (v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B) is a transcription factor expressed in thymic stroma and its expression was induced a day after radiation exposure. Hence, the roles of mesenchymal MafB in the process of thymic regeneration offers an intriguing research topic also for radiation biology. The current study investigated whether MafB plays roles in the adult thymus.MafB/green fluorescent protein knock-in mutant (MafB+/GFP) mice showed impaired thymic regeneration after the sublethal irradiation, judged by reduced thymus size, total thymocyte number and medullary complexity. Furthermore, IL4 was induced after irradiation and such induction was reduced in mutant mice. The mutants also displayed signs of accelerated age-related thymic involution. Altogether, these results suggest possible functions of MafB in the processes of thymic recovery after irradiation, and maintenance during aging.
A miR-375/YAP axis regulates neuroendocrine differentiation and tumorigenesis in lung carcinoid cells
Authors: Yang Xiaojing , Nanayakkara Jina , Claypool Duncan , Saghafinia Sadegh , Wong Justin J. M. , Xu Minqi , Wang Xiantao , Nicol Christopher J. B. , Michael Iacovos P. , Hafner Markus , Yang Xiaolong , Renwick Neil 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLung carcinoids are variably aggressive and mechanistically understudied neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). Here, we identified and elucidated the function of a miR-375/yes-associated protein (YAP) axis in lung carcinoid (H727) cells. miR-375 and YAP are respectively high and low expressed in wild-type H727 cells. Following lentiviral CRISPR/Cas9-mediated miR-375 depletion, we identified distinct transcriptomic changes including dramatic YAP upregulation. We also observed a significant decrease in neuroendocrine differentiation and substantial reductions in cell proliferation, transformation, and tumor growth in cell culture and xenograft mouse disease models. Similarly, YAP overexpression resulted in distinct and partially overlapping transcriptomic changes, phenocopying the effects of miR-375 depletion in the same models as above. Transient YAP knockdown in miR-375-depleted cells reversed the effects of miR-375 on neuroendocrine differentiation and cell proliferation. Pathways analysis and confirmatory real-time PCR studies of shared dysregulated target genes indicate that this axis controls neuroendocrine related functions such as neural differentiation, exocytosis, and secretion. Taken together, we provide compelling evidence that a miR-375/YAP axis is a critical mediator of neuroendocrine differentiation and tumorigenesis in lung carcinoid cells.
Increased hippocampal excitability in miR-324-null mice
Authors: Hayman Dan J. , Modebadze Tamara , Charlton Sarah , Cheung Kat , Soul Jamie , Lin Hua , Hao Yao , Miles Colin G. , Tsompani Dimitra , Jackson Robert M. , Briggs Michael D. , Piróg Katarzyna A. , Clark Ian M. , Barter Matt J. , Clowry Gavin J. , LeBeau Fiona E. N. , Young David A. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMicroRNAs are non-coding RNAs that act to downregulate the expression of target genes by translational repression and degradation of messenger RNA molecules. Individual microRNAs have the ability to specifically target a wide array of gene transcripts, therefore allowing each microRNA to play key roles in multiple biological pathways. miR-324 is a microRNA predicted to target thousands of RNA transcripts and is expressed far more highly in the brain than in any other tissue, suggesting that it may play a role in one or multiple neurological pathways. Here we present data from the first global miR-324-null mice, in which increased excitability and interictal discharges were identified in vitro in the hippocampus. RNA sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed genes in miR-324-null mice which may contribute to this increased hippocampal excitability, and 3′UTR luciferase assays and western blotting revealed that two of these, Suox and Cd300lf, are novel direct targets of miR-324. Characterisation of microRNAs that produce an effect on neurological activity, such as miR-324, and identification of the pathways they regulate will allow a better understanding of the processes involved in normal neurological function and in turn may present novel pharmaceutical targets in treating neurological disease.
Transient motion of the largest landslide on earth, modulated by hydrological forces
Authors: Aslan Gökhan , De Michele Marcello , Raucoules Daniel , Bernardie Severine , Cakir Ziyadin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSea-level rise of the Caspian Sea (CS) during the early Khvalynian (approximately 40–25 ka BP) generated hundreds of giant landslides along the sea’s ancient coastlines in western Kazakhstan, which extended hundreds of kilometers. Although similar landslides have been observed along the present-day coastlines of the CS in the area of a prominent high escarpment, it remains unclear whether some of these ancient landslides are still active and whether the movement is slow or catastrophic, as previously suggested. The present study is the first to show evidence proving that the geomorphic responses to sea-level changes of the CS that were triggered in the Pleistocene are currently active. Using interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data, we show that one of these giant landslides occurring along the western shore of the Kara-Bogaz-Gol (KBG) lagoon of the CS presents active transient motion, which makes it the world’s largest active landslide reported thus far. Extending more than 25 km along the eastern coast of the inundated KBG depression in a N–S direction with maximum landward expansion of 5 km from the shoreline to the flat Ustyurt Plateau, this landslide conveys ~ 10 × 109 m3 rocks toward the lagoon at a rate of ~ 2.5 cm/year. This event releases a nearly episodic aseismic moment of 6.0 × 1010 Nm annually, which is equivalent to the response of an Mw 5.1 earthquake. We analyze the present-day evolution of this giant coastal landslide at high temporal and spatial resolutions using Sentinel-1 radar images acquired on descending and ascending modes every 12 days between 2014 and 2020. Modelling with elastic dislocations suggests that the KBG landslide was accommodated mostly by a shallow basal décollement with a nearly horizontal listric slip plane. Moreover, our analysis reveals week-long accelerating slip events at changing amplitudes that occur seasonally with slow, lateral spreading rather than sudden catastrophic motion. A strong correlation between the episodic slip events and seasonal water-level changes in the KBG lagoon suggests a causative mechanism for the transient accelerating slip events. Although water-level changes are widely acknowledged to trigger transient motion on a land mass, such movement, which is similar to a silent earthquake, has not been observed thus far at this mega scale; on an extremely low-angle detachment planes at < 5° with modulation by sea-level changes. This study suggests that present-day sea-level changes can reactivate giant landslides that originated 40–25 ka.
Rapid and low-cost insect detection for analysing species trapped on yellow sticky traps
Authors: Böckmann Elias , Pfaff Alexander , Schirrmann Michael , Pflanz Michael 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWhile insect monitoring is a prerequisite for precise decision-making regarding integrated pest management (IPM), it is time- and cost-intensive. Low-cost, time-saving and easy-to-operate tools for automated monitoring will therefore play a key role in increased acceptance and application of IPM in practice. In this study, we tested the differentiation of two whitefly species and their natural enemies trapped on yellow sticky traps (YSTs) via image processing approaches under practical conditions. Using the bag of visual words (BoVW) algorithm, accurate differentiation between both natural enemies and the Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Bemisia tabaci species was possible, whereas the procedure for B. tabaci could not be used to differentiate this species from T. vaporariorum. The decay of species was considered using fresh and aged catches of all the species on the YSTs, and different pooling scenarios were applied to enhance model performance. The best performance was reached when fresh and aged individuals were used together and the whitefly species were pooled into one category for model training. With an independent dataset consisting of photos from the YSTs that were placed in greenhouses and consequently with a naturally occurring species mixture as the background, a differentiation rate of more than 85% was reached for natural enemies and whiteflies.
Application of clove and dill oils as an alternative of salphos for chickpea food seed storage
Authors: Kumar Narendra , Khurana S. M. Paul , Pandey Vashist N. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMycological investigations of 25 samples of stored chickpea food seeds (Cicer arietinum L.) from grocery stores of Gurgaon and Gorakhpur revealed occurrence of seventeen fungal species belonging to genus viz., Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Colletotrichum, Curvularia, Fusarium, Penicillium, Rhizopus, Rhizoctonia, and Sclerotium. In these Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Fusarium oxysporum had dominance in terms of per cent occurrence. Only one species of Bruchid (Callosobruchus chinensis L.) occurred in all the 25 samples. The biodeterioration of seeds inoculated with fungi: A. flavus, A. niger, F. oxysporum and the insect—C. chinensis, revealed their role in seed deterioration.
For chickpea food seed protection essential oils were extracted from edible commodity(clove(Lavang and dill(sowa) leaf). Clove(Lavang) oil registered highest antifungal activity inhibiting (100%) mycelial growth of fungi, viz. species Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Fusarium oxysporum at 300 ppm but was fungicidal at 400 ppm. Dill (Sowa) oil showed complete inhibition at 400 ppm and was fungicidal at 500 ppm. While mixture of both the oils (clove and dill) showed complete inhibition (100%) and fungicidal action at 400 ppm against the dominant fungi. The oils showed 100% insect repellent activity and were found fungicidal at 0.02 ml dose and also insecticidal. The mixture of oils was cidal at 0.02 ml dose. The mixture of oils showed a broad antifungal spectrum at 500 ppm while only 70–93% inhibitory activity at 300 ppm. The oils' mixture's activity was not affected by temp, storage and autoclaving up to 150 days. Oils physico-chemical properties were studied. GC–MS analysis of clove(Lavang) oil depicted major components: 75.63%eugenol while dill(sowa) leaf oil had 25.14% apiole. Formulation of Mixture of oils was more effective showing complete seed protection i.e.no growth of fungi and insects upto 150 days storage than salphos (150 days). While salphos controlled only maximum three fungi (A. terreus, C. dematium, F. moniliforme). The formulated oils mixture did not have any adverse effect on the chickpea seeds and increased their shelf life.
Validity of the EOS-determined pelvic parameters and orientation with pelvic positional variation: a phantom study
Authors: Kim Jung-Taek , Lee Dong hoon , Lee Han-Dong , Shin Han-Bit , Park Bumhee , Park Sunghoon , Song Hyung Keun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe EOS is a medical imaging system that incorporates simultaneous orthogonal images, producing three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of the whole skeletal system in various functional positions. Despite growing interest in the pelvic 3D position, the validity of the EOS has not yet been well studied. We investigated the trueness and precision of EOS imaging for pelvic parameters and orientation and assessed whether the measurement using the EOS was affected by the pelvic orientation itself. The orientation of the anterior pelvic plane and pelvic parameters of a custom-made pelvic phantom were measured by three raters using the EOS, and the measurements obtained were compared with the true values. The standard deviations of the measurement errors were 3.23°, 0.26°, 0.23°, 2.98°, 0.88°, and 3.22° for flexion, obliquity, rotation, pelvic incidence, spinopelvic tilt, and sacral slope, respectively. The root-mean square averages of the standard deviation of each measurement were 4.05°, 0.41°, 0.28°, 4.80°, 0.99°, and 5.13°, respectively. The measurement errors for sacral slope correlated significantly with geometric means of flexion, obliquity, and rotation (r = 0.364, p = 2.67 × 10–11). The EOS rendered accurate and reliable measurements regarding pelvic 3D position, even with positional variation, but positional variation could affect measurements of sacral slope.