bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attracting pollinators vs escaping herbivores: eco-evolutionary dynamics of plants confronted with an ecological trade-off
Authors: Yacine Youssef , Loeuille Nicolas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMany plant traits are subject to an ecological trade-off between attracting pollinators and escaping herbivores. The interplay of both plant-animal interaction types determines their evolution. As most studies focus on either pollination or herbivory, how they jointly affect the eco-evolutionary dynamics of plant-animal communities is often left unknown. Within a plant-pollinator-herbivore community where interaction strengths depend on trait matching, we consider the evolution of a plant trait involved in both plant-animal interactions. Using adaptive dynamics, we uncover when stabilizing, runaway (i.e. directional) or disruptive selection emerges and its consequences for multispecies coexistence. We find that strong pollination relative to herbivory favors stabilizing selection and coexistence. Strong herbivory relative to pollination fosters runaway selection and threatens coexistence. Importantly, given balanced interactions, joint effects may lead to disruptive selection, allowing the emergence of plant dimorphism. The strength of the ecological trade-off largely explains the occurrence of these contrasting eco-evolutionary dynamics. In particular, plant diversification requires strong trade-offs, with the strongest trade-offs allowing long-term polymorphism. We discuss how our results relate to various empirical cases where the interplay of pollination and herbivory maintains plant polymorphism. Beyond maintenance, our work suggests that it might also have fueled the diversification process itself.Graphical AbstractEco-evolutionary dynamics resulting from the evolution of plant phenotype under ecological trade-offA. Typical eco-evolutionary landscape. The type of selection and the ecological outcome depend on the dissimilarity between animal phenotypes (i.e. preferences for plant phenotype), which is a proxy for the strength of the ecological trade-off.B. The long-term community compositiondepends on the type of selection.(1)Runaway selection leads to the extinction of a first animal species as the plant phenotype is diverging.(a)Pollinators are lost first so that runway selection continues until herbivores are also lost.(b)Herbivores are lost first so that selection turns stabilizing over time, leading to a perfect plant-pollinator matching.(2)Stabilizing selection can enable the maintenance of coexistence.(3)Disruptive selection leads to the emergence of plant dimorphism.
MDR1 Drug Efflux Pump Promotes Intrinsic and Acquired Resistance to PROTACs in Cancer Cells
Authors: Kurimchak Alison M. , Herrera-Montávez Carlos , Montserrat Sara , Araiza Daniela , Hu Jianping , Jin Jian , Duncan James S. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTPROTACs (Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras) represent a promising new class of drugs that selectively degrade proteins of interest from cells. PROTACs targeting oncogenes are avidly being explored for cancer therapies, with several currently in clinical trials. Drug resistance represents a significant challenge in cancer therapies, and the mechanism by which cancer cells acquire resistance to PROTACs remains poorly understood. Using proteomics, we discovered acquired and intrinsic resistance to PROTACs in cancer cells can be mediated by upregulation of the drug efflux pump MDR1. PROTAC-resistant cells could be re-sensitized to PROTACs through co-administering MDR1 inhibitors. Notably, co-treatment of MDR1-overexpressing colorectal cancer cells with MEK1/2 or KRASG12C degraders and the dual ErbB receptor/MDR1 inhibitor lapatinib exhibited potent drug synergy due to simultaneous blockade of MDR1 and ErbB receptor activity. Together, our findings suggest that concurrent blockade of MDR1 will likely be required in combination with PROTACs to achieve durable protein degradation and therapeutic response in cancer.
Comparison of subjective peripheral sensation, F-waves, and somatosensory evoked potentials in response to a unilateral pinch task measured on the contractile and non-contractile sides
Authors: Takahara Terumasa , Yamaguchi Hidetaka , Seki Kazutoshi , Onodera Sho 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDepression of sensory input during voluntary muscle contractions has been demonstrated using electrophysiological methods in both animals and humans. However, the association between electrophysiological responses of the sensory system and subjective peripheral sensation (SPS) during a voluntary muscle contraction remains unclear. Our aim in this study was to describe the changes in SPS, spinal α-motoneuron excitability (F-wave to M-wave amplitude), and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) during a unilateral pinch-grip task. Outcome variables were measured on the side ipsilateral and contralateral to the muscle contraction, and at rest (control). Participants were 8 healthy men, 20.9±0.8 years of age. The isometric pinch-grip task was performed at 30% of the maximum voluntary isometric force measured for the right and left hand separately. The appearance rate of the F-wave during the task was significantly higher for the ipsilateral (right) hand than for the contralateral (left) hand and control condition. Although there was no difference in F-wave latency between hands and the control condition, the amplitude of the F-wave was significantly higher for the ipsilateral (right) hand than for the contralateral (left) hand and the control condition. There was no difference in the amplitude of the SEP at N20. However, the amplitude at P25 was significantly lower for the ipsilateral (right) hand than for the contralateral (left) hand and the control condition. The accuracy rate of detecting tactile stimulation, evaluated for 20 repetitions using a Semmes–Weinstein monofilament at the sensory threshold for each participant, was significantly lower during the pinch-grip task for both the ipsilateral (right) and contralateral (left) hand compared to the control condition. Overall, our findings show that SPS and neurophysiological parameters were not modulated in parallel during the task, with changes in subjective sensation preceding changes in electrophysiological indices during the motor task. Our findings provide basic information on sensory-motor coordination.
Zinc arrests axonal transport and displaces tau, doublecortin, and MAP2C from microtubules
Authors: Minckley Taylor F. , Salvagio Lyndsie A. , Fudge Dylan H. , Verhey Kristen , Markus Steven M. , Qin Yan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAccurate delivery of cargo over long distances through axonal transport requires precise spatiotemporal regulation and relies on microtubule function. Here we discover that Zn2+ influx via depolarization inhibits axonal transport. Zn2+-mediated inhibition is nonselective for cargo. Elevated Zn2+ (IC50 » 5-10 nM) reduces both lysosomal and mitochondrial motility in primary rat hippocampal neurons and HeLa cells. We further reveal that Zn2+ directly binds to microtubules, inhibiting movement of motor proteins (kinesin and dynein) and promoting detachment of neuronal-specific MAPs (Tau, DCX, and MAP2C). We finally provide a detailed model of microtubule interactions with Tau, DCX, dynein, kinesin, and predict microtubule Zn2+ binding sites. Our results reveal that Zn2+ acts to inhibit the microtubule binding of tau, DCX, and MAP2C and can directly block the progression of motor proteins on microtubules. Intraneuronal Zn2+, therefore, is a critical signal for regulating axonal transport and microtubulebased processes.
Enhanced top-down sensorimotor processing in somatic anxiety
Authors: Bouziane Ismail , Das Moumita , Friston Karl J , Caballero-Gaudes Cesar , Ray Dipanjan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFunctional neuroimaging research on anxiety has traditionally focused on brain networks associated with the psychological aspects of anxiety. Here, instead, we target the somatic aspects of anxiety. Motivated by the growing appreciation that top-down cortical processing plays a crucial role in perception and action, we used resting-state functional MRI data from the Human Connectome Project and Dynamic Causal Modeling (DCM) to characterize effective connectivity among hierarchically organized regions in the exteroceptive, interoceptive, and motor cortices. In people with high (fear-related) somatic arousal, top-down effective connectivity was enhanced in all three networks: an observation that corroborates well with the phenomenology of anxiety. The anxiety-associated changes in connectivity were sufficiently reliable to predict whether a new participant has mild or severe somatic anxiety. Interestingly, the increase in top-down connections to sensorimotor cortex were not associated with fear affect scores, thus establishing the (relative) dissociation between somatic and cognitive dimensions of anxiety. Overall, enhanced top-down effective connectivity in sensorimotor cortices emerges as a promising and quantifiable candidate marker of trait somatic anxiety.
A family of fitness landscapes modeled through gene regulatory networks
Authors: Yang Chia-Hung , Scarpino Samuel V. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOver 100 years, Fitness landscapes have been a powerful metaphor for understanding the evolution of biological systems. These landscapes describe how genotypes are connected to each other and are related according to relative fitness. Despite the high dimensionality of such real-world landscapes, empirical studies are often limited in their ability to quantify the fitness of different genotypes beyond point mutations, while theoretical works attempt statistical/mechanistic models to reason the overall landscape structure. However, most classical fitness landscape models overlook an instinctive constraint that genotypes leading to the same phenotype almost certainly share the same fitness value, since the information of genotype-phenotype mapping is rarely incorporated. Here, we investigate fitness landscape models through the lens of Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs), where the regulatory products are computed from multiple genes and collectively treated as the phenotypes. With the assumption that regulatory mediators/products exhibit binary states, we prove topographical features of GRN fitness landscape models such as accessibility and connectivity insensitive to the choice of the fitness function. Furthermore, using graph theory, we deduce a mesoscopic structure underlying GRN fitness landscape models that retains necessary information for evolutionary dynamics with minimal complexity. We also propose an algorithm to construct such a mesoscopic backbone which is more efficient than the brute-force approach. Combined, this work provides mathematical implications for fitness landscape models with high-dimensional genotype-phenotype mapping, yielding the potential to elucidate empirical landscapes and their resulting evolutionary processes in a manner complementary to existing computational studies.
Imaging Three-Dimensional Brain Organoid Architecture from Meso- to Nanoscale across Development
Authors: Rodriguez-Gatica Juan Eduardo , Iefremova Vira , Sokhranyaeva Liubov , Yeung Si Wah Christina Au , Breitkreuz Yannik , Brüstle Oliver , Schwarz Martin Karl , Kubitscheck Ulrich 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOrganoids are human stem cell-derived three-dimensional cultures offering a new avenue to model human development and disease. Brain organoids allow studying various aspects of human brain development in the finest details in vitro in a tissue-like context. However, spatial relationships of subcellular structures such as synaptic contacts between distant neurons are hardly accessible by conventional light microscopy. This limitation can be overcome by systems that quickly image the entire organoid in three dimensions and in super-resolution. To that end we have developed a setup combining tissue expansion and light sheet fluorescence microscopy for imaging and quantifying diverse spatial parameters during organoid development. This technique enables zooming from a mesoscopic perspective into super-resolution within a single imaging session, thus revealing cellular and subcellular structural details in three spatial dimensions, including unequivocal delineation of mitotic cleavage planes as well as the alignment of pre- and postsynaptic proteins. We expect light sheet fluorescence expansion microscopy (LSFEM) to facilitate qualitative and quantitative assessment of organoids in developmental and disease-related studies.Summary statementThe combination of light sheet fluorescence and expansion microscopy enables imaging of mature human brain organoids in toto and down to synaptic resolution
Consumption values, anxiety and organic food purchasing behaviour considering the moderating role of sustainable consumption attitude
Authors: Cao Dayu , Zheng Yan , Liu Chunnian , Yao Xiaoying , Chen Shiyue 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThis study aims to identify and describe the relationships among different consumption values, anxiety and organic food purchase behaviour considering the moderating role of sustainable consumption attitude from the viewpoint of the theory of consumption values.Design/methodology/approachData were collected using a structured questionnaire survey in first-tier cities in China. A total of 344 consumers of organic foods participated in the study. Structural equation modelling and hierarchical regression analysis were employed for data analysis.FindingsThe results indicated the significant association of functional value-price, emotional value, social value and epistemic value with purchase behaviour. Anxiety had a positively significant influence on functional (quality), functional (price), emotional, social, conditional and epistemic values. In addition, the results indicated that functional (price), emotional, social and epistemic values played mediating effects in the relationships between anxiety and purchase behaviour. Moreover, sustainable consumption attitude had a positive moderating effect on functional value-price and purchase behaviour.Practical implicationsThe research not only provides novel and original insights for understanding organic consumption but also provides a reference for organic retailers to develop sales strategies and policymakers to formulate policies to guide organic consumption that are conducive to promoting sustainable consumption.Originality/valueFor the first time, this research attempts to explore the relationships among different consumption values, anxiety and purchase behaviour. It may improve the gap of inconsistency in attitude and behaviour in organic consumption, and provide a new perspective for the study of organic consumption.
A bibliometric analysis of greenwashing research: a closer look at agriculture, food industry and food retail
Authors: Montero-Navarro Antonio , González-Torres Thais , Rodríguez-Sánchez José-Luis , Gallego-Losada Rocio 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThis paper aims at providing an overview and synthesis of the existing body of knowledge about greenwashing. Special attention is paid to the articles directly linked with agriculture, food industry and food retail.Design/methodology/approachA bibliometric analysis was performed over 351 documents extracted from the WoS database, using SciMAT and VOSviewer software programs.FindingsThree periods in the academic literature about greenwashing can be distinguished: ground-setting (2003–2010), trail-blazing (2011–2015) and remarkable growth (2016–2020). Along this evolution, a body of knowledge which stemmed from the literature about CSR has achieved a major development, deploying different research lines such as stakeholders' management, marketing and communication and audit. A specific analysis of the academic literature about greenwashing in agriculture, food industry and food retail has been carried out, showing a need for further development.Social implicationsThe development of scientific knowledge about greenwashing puts this social claim on the spotlight of business management studies, helping to fight greenwashing and, this way, to reduce the environmental impact of corporate activities. Studying greenwashing will help to reduce its frequency and, therefore, heal the planet.Originality/valueSome previous studies have provided systematic reviews of the literature using different approaches, but they did not untangle the intellectual structure and the evolution of the body of research about greenwashing. This article originally provides a thorough analysis of these aspects, as well as a closer look at the impact of greenwashing practices in the academic literature regarding agriculture, food industry and food retail.
Green human resource management and environmental performance: the role of green supply chain management practices
Authors: Saeed Amer , Rasheed Fatima , Waseem Maimoona , Tabash Mosab I. 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThis research scrutinizes the connection between green human resources management (GHRM) and environmental performance (EP) through mediating role of green supply chain management (GSCM).Design/methodology/approachThe conceptual prototype developed in this research was originated from familiarized literature review on the connection between EP, GSCM and GHRM. Moreover, this research employed a quantitative approach through conducting interviews and questionnaires for statistics assortment from the following entities: chief executes, general managers, directors, human resource managers, logistics managers, operation managers and supply chain managers in the manufacturing sector in Pakistan. The partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was considered for statistical exploration by accepting 269 useable responses.FindingsThe research asserts significant encouragement of GHRM and GSCM on EP. Moreover, GSCM arbitrates significantly between GHRM and EP.Research limitations/implicationsThis research recommends policies to manufacturing concerns that they should work to stabilize ecological sustainability by developing maximum GHRM and GSCM.Originality/valueThis research comes up with an innovative variables structure which has never been adopted before in the manufacturing area of Punjab in Pakistan.
Do women on corporate boardrooms have an impact on tax avoidance? The mediating role of corporate social responsibility
Authors: Dakhli Anissa 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the direct and indirect relationship between board gender diversity and corporate tax avoidance using corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a mediating variable.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a panel dataset of 200 French firms listed during 2007–2018 period. The direct and indirect effects between board gender diversity (BGD) and tax avoidance were tested by using structural equation model analysis.FindingsThe results indicate that the presence of women on corporate boardrooms negatively affects tax avoidance. The greater the proportion of women in boards, the lower the likelihood of tax avoidance practice. In the mediation test, CSR appears to partially mediate the link between women on boards and corporate tax avoidance. Additional analysis shows that the social dimension of CSR produces this mediating effect.Practical implicationsThe results have practical implications for companies in regulating the composition of their boards. To benefit from diversity, firms have to increase women‘s percentage in their boards of directors. Also, investors are encouraged to pay attention to the percentage of female directors when investing and purchasing shares.Social implicationsThis study proved empirically that the higher proportion of female directors significantly reduces the possibility of tax avoidance either directly or indirectly through enhancing CSR performance. The findings show that firms with gender diversified boards are more likely to get involved in CSR for hedging against the potential consequences of aggressive tax avoidance practices. In light of the above results, firms are well-advised to strongly apply the policy encouraging or mandating women as board members to take advantage of their expected benefits.Originality/valueThe originality of this paper consists in proposing the establishment of both direct and indirect relationships between BGD and corporate tax avoidance through CSR. Unlike prior studies that have been examining the direct relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and corporate tax avoidance, this study went further to investigate the indirect relationship between these two constructs. This study also differs from prior studies as it examines the effect of BGD on each of constituting pillars of CSR, namely, environmental, social and governance. To date, an extensive part of CSR research has used the combined score of CSR, but the effects on different CSR pillars remain little investigated.
Linear interpolated multi-objective economic emission scheduling using grey wolf optimizer: a strategic balance and solution with diverse load pattern
Authors: Kadali Kalyan Sagar , Veeraswamy Moorthy , Ponnusamy Marimuthu , Jawalkar Viswanatha Rao 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to focus on the cost-effective and environmentally sustainable operation of thermal power systems to allocate optimum active power generation resultant for a feasible solution in diverse load patterns using the grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm.

Design/methodology/approach
The economic dispatch problem is formulated as a bi-objective optimization subjected to several operational and practical constraints. A normalized price penalty factor approach is used to convert these objectives into a single one. The GWO algorithm is adopted as an optimization tool in which the exploration and exploitation process in search space is carried through encircling, hunting and attacking.

Findings
A linear interpolated price penalty model is developed based on simple analytical geometry equations that perfectly blend two non-commensurable objectives. The desired GWO algorithm reports a new optimum thermal generation schedule for a feasible solution for different operational strategies. These are better than the earlier reports regarding solution quality.

Practical implications
The proposed method seems to be a promising optimization tool for the utilities, thereby modifying their operating strategies to generate electricity at minimum energy cost and pollution levels. Thus, a strategic balance is derived among economic development, energy cost and environmental sustainability.

Originality/value
A single optimization tool is used in both quadratic and non-convex cost characteristics thermal modal. The GWO algorithm has discovered the best, cost-effective and environmentally sustainable generation dispatch.