bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formulation of Folate-conjugated, Doxorubicin-loaded Human Serum Albumin Nanoparticles for Promotion of Gene Expression Associated with Apoptosis in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Khalil Khalil A. A. , Al-Musawi Sharafaldin , Albukhaty Salim , Sulaiman Ghassan M. , Al-Karagoly Hassan , Ahmed Elsadig M. , Solaiman Mohamed T. A. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this study, we developed a new, efficient targeting and pH-responsive formulation using folate (FA)-conjugated human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles to deliver doxorubicin (DOX) drug to renal cell carcinoma. FA was conjugated to HSA, and DOX was loaded into obtained FA-HSA NP using the desolvation method. FA-HSA-DOX NPs were examined using zeta potential and (DLS) measurements, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, FTIR, and UV-Vis Spectroscopy. Drug liberation rate, toxicity/viability rate, and the apoptosis/necrosis effect of different DOX, FA-HSA, and FA-DOX-HSA treatments were evaluated using release profile study, MTT assay, and flow cytometry methods, respectively. The expression of BAK, BCL2, BAX, and BCL-XL genes in cancer cells after treatment was analyzed via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The average size, zeta potential, and polydispersity of FA-DOX-HSA NPs were 200 ± 9 (nm), − 47 ± 7 (mv), and 0.012, respectively. This formulation showed pH-dependent drug release, high drug loading performance, sustained ability of drug release. The notable toxic properties and high apoptosis-stimulation ability of the FA-HAS-DOX NPs in RCC-GH cell lines demonstrated long-term anticancer efficacy. Also, real-time PCR results showed an increase in BAX expression and a decrease in BCL-2 L1 and BCL-XL significantly. Our findings indicate that FA-HSA NPs have no cytotoxic effect on cancer cells (RCC-GH) and healthy cells (RPTEC/TERT1). Our study provides a simple and efficient FA-HSA carrier with intrinsic biocompatibility for DOX drug delivery
A universal karyotypic system for hexaploid and diploid Avena species brings oat cytogenetics into the genomics era
Authors: Jiang Wenxi , Jiang Chengzhi , Yuan Weiguang , Zhang Meijun , Fang Zijie , Li Yang , Li Guangrong , Jia Juqing , Yang Zujun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

The identification of chromosomes among Avena species have been studied by C-banding and in situ hybridization. However, the complicated results from several cytogenetic nomenclatures for identifying oat chromosomes are often contradictory. A universal karyotyping nomenclature system for precise chromosome identification and comparative evolutionary studies would be essential for genus Avena based on the recently released genome sequences of hexaploid and diploid Avena species.
Results

Tandem repetitive sequences were predicted and physically located on chromosomal regions of the Avena sativa genomes. Thirteen new oligonucleotide (oligo) probes for sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were designed and then applied for chromosome karyotyping on mitotic metaphase spreads of eleven hexaploid and diploid Avena accessions. We established a high resolution standard karyotype of A. sativa based on the distinct FISH signals of multiple oligo probes. FISH painting with bulked oligos, based on wheat-barley collinear regions, was used to validate the linkage group assignment for individual A. sativa chromosomes. We integrated our new Oligo-FISH based karyotype system with earlier karyotype nomenclatures through sequential C-banding and FISH methods, then subsequently determined the precise breakage points of some chromosome translocations.
Conclusion

This new universal chromosome identification system will be a powerful tool for describing the genetic diversity, chromosomal rearrangements and evolutionary relationships among Avena species by comparative cytogenetic and genomic approaches.
Calcium peroxide pretreatment to facilitate the delignification and enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat straw
Authors: Sun Youshan , Zhang Xuyang , Wang Fei , Wang Meiyan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Calcium peroxide (CaO2) pretreatment was employed to remove lignin and subsequently facilitate enzymatic digestibility of wheat straw. An optimal condition was obtained at 130°C for 10 min with 0.35 g CaO2/g dried material of wheat straw and a 1:8 solid-liquid ratio. Under this condition, 57.8% of initial lignin, 7.2% of initial glucan, and 30.6% of initial xylan were removed from CaO2 pretreatment, respectively, meanwhile, a glucose recovery of 90.6 % and a xylose recovery of 65.9 % were obtained from the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of treated wheat straw, respectively. CaO2 pretreatment was proved to be a very effective method in delignification and improving enzymatic digestibility. Compared to raw material, the complex structure of lignocellulose was drastically disrupted with a wide emergence of scaly bulges and fully exposed microfibers, which still retained in the solid.
ZnO-CuO nanomaterials based efficient multi-functional sensor for simultaneous detection of humidity and mechanical pressure
Authors: Din Alaud , Karimov Kh. S. , Akhtar Kalsoom , Asiri Abdullah M. , Gul Saima , Khan M. I. , Khan Murad Ali , Khan Sher Bahadar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Designing of materials is a critical factor for sensitive, stable and practically applicable humidity sensor, herein we report synthesis of ZnO-CuO mixed oxide nanoparticles and their fabrication into nanocomposite with silicon adhesive as a cost-effective humidity sensor with reliable sensitivity and stability. Between the gap of pre-fixed copper electrodes on the glassy substrate, the prepared binary oxides nanoparticles of ZnO-CuO and its silicon adhesive nanocomposites were deposited for relative humidity (RH) and mechanical pressure detection as multimodal sensor. The fabricated sensor was utilized for sensing assessment of humidity and pressure which responded in impedimetric measurements of relative humidity and pressure. The impedance of the pristine mixed oxides of ZnO-CuO decreased 35 times as relative humidity increased from 10-90% RH while 24 times decrease was observed in nanocomposite sample. Capacitances increased by a factor of 125 in pristine mixed oxides of ZnO-CuO and 80 times in nanocomposite at 100 Hz working frequency with the relative humidity (RH) increase in 10 to 90% RH range. The impedance of the sensors displayed strong dependence on the mechanical pressure as well. Similarly, the impedance of the material decreased in pristine samples by 3.8 times when a mechanical pressure of 11.0 KN/m 2 was applied on the fabricated sensor while capacitance in pristine samples increased by 4.61 times at the same pressure. In the composite samples impedance decreased 1.38 times and capacitance increased under effect of the pressure accordingly on 1.47 times.
Pediatric solid organ transplantation in the era of COVID-19: A follow-up study
Authors: Shafiekhani Mojtaba , Kazemi Kourosh , Bahador Ali , Imanieh Mohammad Hadi , Karimzadeh Parisa 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: We aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on pediatric transplant outcomes and determine whether to continue pediatric transplant activity or not, and how policies intended our center has been effective in preventing COVID-19 among organ transplant recipients.Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective, cohort study of hospitalized pediatrics after organ transplantation at Shiraz transplant center since March to August 2020. All liver and kidney transplanted children were included the study and their laboratory and clinical related COVID-19 characteristics were followed up till 3 months after transplantation during hospitalization period and then weekly by the transplant committee.Results:Fifty-one patients underwent transplantation including 11 kidney and 40 liver recipients. The mean age of the pediatric cases was 6.72±5.47 years. A total of 11 patients died due to post-transplant complications, while none of the patients presented any sign or symptoms in favor of COVID-19 in the hospital course after transplantation. Six transplants including 2 kidney and 4 liver were canceled when positive PCR tests were detected in their donors before the surgery. In the three months of follow up, two patients presented with symptoms including high grade fever, malaise, rhinorrhea, and GI symptoms. Both patients had two negative PCR, and no radiologic or laboratory results regarding COVID-19 were also detected. One had positive influenza PCR, while the second one had a positive serologic test for EBV; CT, computed tomography Conclusion: transplant programs could continue their activities during the COVID-19 pandemic with specific case selection, accurate screening methods and following protective protocols.
The Structural Equation Modeling of Personal Aspects, Environmental Aspects, and Happiness Among Older Adults Living Alone: A Cross-Sectional Study&nbsp;&nbsp;
Authors: Hwang Eun Jeong , Sim In Ok 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

The happiness of older adults living alone warrants attention because they are more vulnerable to unhappiness than those living with families. The present study aimed to construct and test a structural equation model to elucidate the causal relationship among participation in social activities, satisfaction with the neighborhood environment, subjective health status, and happiness in older adults living alone in South Korea.
Methods

Secondary data of 2,768 older adults (605 males and 2,163 females) living on their own were extracted from the 2017 Korean Community Health Survey and used in this cross-sectional study. Data were collected via self-reported questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 and AMOS version 20.0.
Results

The hypothetical model exhibited a good fit: χ2 = 342.06 (df = 58, p < .001), goodness-of-fit index = .98, adjected goodness-of-fit index = .97, root mean square error of approximation = .04, and nonstandard fit index = .92. Participation in social activities had a significant effect on participants’ subjective health status (path coefficient = .45, p = .001) and happiness (path coefficient = .20, p = .003).
Conclusions

Interventions to improve the health and happiness of older adults living alone should aim to enhance their social and physical environmental dimensions based on the participants' various social activities and their neighborhoods' characteristics.
Integrated analysis of lncRNA and mRNA repertoires in lung from Pneumocystis infected mice
Authors: Rong Heng-Mo , Zhang Chao , Li Ting , Qian Xiao-Jun , Wang Dong , Tong Zhao-Hui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background According to the widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to HIV patients withPneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), the incidence of PCP associated with HIV has fallen. There is an enhancement of population of HIV-negative patients with PCP, who receiving immunosuppressive therapies or genetic primary immune deficiency disorders. Most of the previous studies have concentrated on the immune cell responses in PCP individuals, the present study aimed to integrate lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in PCP patients without HIV.
Methods The lung tissue of WT mice and BAFF-R–/– mice were harvested at 3 weeks after infected with pneumocystis. After total RNAs being extracted, transcriptome profiling was performed following the Illumina HiSeq 3000 protocol. The microarrays and quantitative RT-PCR analysis were conducted to evaluate the lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in WT-PCP mice and BAFF-R–/– PCP mice.
Results Compared with the control group, 166 mRNAs were observed to be aberrantly expressed (Fold change value≥2; P <0.05) in B cell-activating factor receptor deficient (BAFF-R–/–) PCP group, including 99 up-regulated and 67 down-regulated, while there were 39 lncRNAs differently expressed in BAFF-R–/– PCP group, including 24 up-regulated and 15 down-regulated genes. In addition, gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were performed on all of the differently expressed genes and the data showed that BAFF-R deficiency played an important role in the primary and adaptive immune responses in PCP. Furthermore, the lncRNA and mRNA co-expression network was established. We noted that in the core network of lncRNA-TF (transcription factors) pairs could be classified into the categories including infection and immunity pathways.
Conclusion In summary, in this study we furtherly explored the role of mature B cells in the pathogenesis and disease progression of PCP and the data demonstrated that BAFF-R deficiency play a significant role in immune regulation in PCP population.
Wood Density and Dispersal Modes of Trees Regenerating in Disturbed Forests and Agroforests in Indonesia
Authors: Rahayu Subekti , Pambudi Sidiq , Permadi Dikdik , Tata Hesti Lestari , Martini Endri , Rasnovi Saida , Nuroniah Hani S. , Kindt Roeland , Nugraha Mohamad , Dewi Sonya , Noordwijk Meine van 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Natural regeneration depends on surviving propagules in the soil, seed sources from a surrounding landscape mosaic, and dispersal agents. We compiled and analyzed four sets of case studies varying in degree of disturbance, for secondary forests recovering from logging, fire, and conversion to agroforest in Sumatra or Kalimantan (Indonesia) on mineral and peat soils. Data on tree species diversity, wood density frequency distribution (indicative of successional status, databases with over 6000 species exist), and dispersal modes were compared with those for less disturbed comparator forests for the same landscapes. Undisturbed lowland dipterocarp forest in Kalimantan had close to 200 species of trees of more than 10 cm diameter at a 1 ha sample scale (and 450 at a 10-ha scale), regulation-based logging had little impact. Still, after the repeated fire a sample area of 2 ha was needed to reach the same species numbers. After forest conversion to low-management-intensity rubber agroforest, 50 tree species were found at a ha scale and close to 100 species in 3 ha. Peat swamp forest in Kalimantan and the Sumatra forest samples had close to 100 species in 1 to 2 ha. The Kalimantan forest after a repeated fire had a markedly higher fraction of low-wood-density trees (40%), but otherwise, all forests sampled were similar in overall wood density profiles. Logged-over forest managed by community (village forest) and rubber agroforest in Sumatra contained larger fractions of heavy-wood-density trees (including rubber). The majority of trees (50-70%) had birds, bats, and primates as dispersal agents in all sites. Logged-over forests on mineral soil had higher fractions of autochorous species (15%) compared to other sites. Anemochorous (wind-dispersed) species were most common (20%) in undisturbed lowland Dipterocarp forest and peat swamp forest recovering after logging and fire. Comparison between secondary forests and agroforests showed the influence of farmer selection regarding what is allowed to grow beyond the pole stage. Wood density and seed dispersal profile can be used as degradation indicators of species assemblages across various disturbance levels and types. They can also reflect the habitat quality of the surrounding forming restoration options.
Single-port 3-dimensional Videoscope assisted Endoscopic Nipple-sparing Mastectomy Followed by Immediate Pedicled Transverse Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous (TRAM) Flap Reconstruction: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Chang Yi-Lin , Lai Hung-Wen , Chen Shou-Tung , Chen Dar-Ren 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Minimal access surgery has become the mainstreams of breast surgery, and it is applied for benign lesion, partial mastectomy and total mastectomy. Dual axillary-areolar incision was the most frequent surgical approach in the early stage, but single axillary incision hybrid technique was proposed in recent years. Endoscopic nipple sparing mastectomy was usually applicable to patients with small to medium sized breast. Here, we reported two cases of breast cancer patients, who presented with large and ptosis breast, underwent single port 3-dimension (3D) endoscopic nipple sparing mastectomy (E-NSM) followed by pedicled transverse rectus myocutaneous (TRAM) flap breast reconstruction. Case presentation: The first patient was a 42-year-old woman had palpable right breast mass and enlarged axillary lymph nodes for 4 months. Core needle biopsy(CNB) revealed invasive ductal carcinoma of breast and lymph node metastasis. Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI) revealed multi-centric masses in right upper breast, about 6.1 cm in size, without nipple and skin invasion, and right axillary lymphadenopathy. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was suggested, but the patient refused and preferred surgery first. She underwent single-port 3D E-NSM with immediate pedicled TRAM flap reconstruction. The post-operative recovery was uneventful except partial nipple ischemia/necrosis, which recovered after 2 to 3 months of wound care. The second case was a 39-year-old woman had one palpable mass over right breast for one month. CNB showed ductal carcinoma in situ with focal infiltrating ductal carcinoma. MRI revealed multi-focal mass, 8.7 cm in size, without skin or nipple invasion and no lymph node metastasis. NSM was suggested, but she decided to undergo single-port 3D E-NSM with immediate pedicled TRAM flap reconstruction due to previous history of Cesarean section and obese abdomen. The post-operative recovery was uneventful. Conclusion: Single-port 3D E-NSM followed by pedicled TRAM flap reconstruction is a feasible, safe procedure with satisfactory cosmetic outcome. Time-consuming and technical demanding are two limiting factors of this procedure.
Psychometric Properties of an Iranian Version of the Response to Stressful Experiences Scale (RSES)
Authors: Mirzaee Amin , Nia Hamid Sharif , Ebadi Abbas , Dowran Behnaz , Salimi Seyed -Hossein 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective: Few psychometric scales have been developed to measure resilience and related constructs such as Response to Stressful Experiences in military. This study aimed to translate and validate the Response to Stressful Experiences Scale (RSES), a measure of individual differences in cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses to stressful life events in Iranian Military Personnel. Method: In this methodological study, 501 Military personnel were selected by convenience sampling from three military units in Tehran, Iran .The forward backward-procedure was applied to translate the questionnaire from English into Persian. Face validity, Content validity, construct validity (EFA, CFA) and convergent validity have been employed to validate the prepared scale. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients and the test-retest were used to assess the scale reliability. Results: By performing EFA on the first sample part (n = 300), the exploratory factor analysis showed that the present scale has three factors. The factors were called as active coping, meaning-making and flexibility, resiliency, according to their content and the research, which explained 37.5% of the overall extracted variance. CFA was performed on the second part of the sample (n = 201), to test the fitness of the 3-factor solution. The confirmatory factory analysis showed a moderate fit for the data (CFI = 0.930, CMIN/DF = 1.879, RMSEA =0.060). The 3-factors subscales were associated with the Connor– Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), indicating the good convergent validity of RSES. The internal consistency was acceptable (active coping=.0.761, meaning-making and flexibility=0.863, resiliency=0.865 and Cronbach's alpha of the total was 0.920). The ICC value of 0.91 ranging from 0.79 to 0.87 was found for the whole scale and the subscales. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the Persian version of the RSES has acceptable psychometric properties. Therefore, it can be used to measure Response to Stressful Experiences or resiliency in research and clinical settings.
Melanoma-reactive TCR-modified T Cells Generated in the Absence of Activation Retain a Less-differentiated Phenotype and Have Increased Therapeutic Potential.
Authors: Wang Siao-Yi , Moore Tamson V. , Dalheim Annika V. , Scurti Gina M. , Nishimura Michael I. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Adoptive T cell therapy with T cell receptor (TCR)-modified T cells has shown promise in treating metastatic melanoma and other malignancies. However, studies are needed to improve the efficacy and durability of responses of TCR-modified T cells. Standard protocols for generating TCR-modified T cells involve activating T cells through CD3 stimulation to allow for the efficient transfer of tumor-reactive receptors with viral vectors. T cell activation results in terminal differentiation and shortening of telomeres, which are likely suboptimal for therapy. In these studies, we demonstrate efficient T cell transduction with the melanoma-reactive TIL1383I TCR through culturing with interleukin 7 (IL-7) in the absence of CD3 activation. The TIL1383I TCR-modified T cells generated following IL-7 culture were enriched with naïve (TN) and memory stem cell populations (TSCM) while maintaining longer telomere lengths. Furthermore, we demonstrated melanoma-reactivity of TIL1383I TCR-modified cells generated following IL-7 culture using in vitro assays and a superior response in an in vivo melanoma model. These results suggest that utilizing IL-7 to generate TCR-modified T cells in the absence of activation is a feasible strategy to improve adoptive T cell therapies for melanoma and other malignancies.
Mannose-binding lectin reduces oxidized low-density lipoprotein induced vascular endothelial cells injury by modulating autophagy via LOX1
Authors: Zhou Xue-lian , Chen Xue-feng , Zhang Li , Yuan Jin-na , Lin Hu , Zhu Ming-qiang , Xu Xiao-qin , Dong Guan-ping , Fu Jun-fen , Wu Wei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective

To investigate the role of mannose-binding lectin (MBL) in modulating autophagy and protecting endothelial cells (ECs) from oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) induced injury.
Materials and Methods

Rapamycin and chloroquine were used to confirm the role of autophagy in ox-LDL induced ECs injury. Dendritic cells (DCs) were co-cultured with ECs, after which inflammatory factors and DCs maturation rate were detected. Autophagy was detected by LC3 and Lamp2a or autophagosomes. Cell viability was analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Flow cytometry was utilized to analyze cell proliferation and apoptotic rate. ECs transfected with lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1)-siRNA or MBL over-expression plasmid were treated with ox-LDL to explore the mechanism of MBL in ECs injury. HE, Oil Red O, TUNEL staining, and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the atherosclerotic plaque, ECs injury, and autophagy, respectively. Retro-eyeball injections of MBL over-expression adenovirus were conducted every 4 weeks, after which ECs injury, autophagy, the uptake of ox-LDL, and expression of LOX1 were further analyzed.
Results

ECs treated with 100 ug/mL ox-LDL for 24 h significantly increased the expression of LC3, Lamp2a, and ET1. Rapamycin aggravated, chloroquine alleviated ox-LDL induced ECs autophagy and injury. LOX1-siRNA transfected ECs inhibited the uptake of ox-LDL and reduced ECs autophagy and injury compared with siRNA group. MBL over-expression in vitro decreased the binding of LOX1 and ox-LDL, ameliorated ECs autophagy and injury compared with the control plasmid group. MBL over-expression in vivo alleviated the formation of atherosclerotic plaque in HFD fed ApoE-/- mice, influenced the maturation of DCs, and down-regulated IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-a level compared with the control group. Also, mannan could reverse the protective role of MBL.
Conclusion

MBL exerts a protective role in ox-LDL induced ECs injury and HFD induced atherosclerosis model by regulating DCs maturation and modulating ECs autophagy via blocking the binding of LOX1 and ox-LDL.