bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of an External Vibrating and Cold Device on Patient Pain Perception During Needle Electromyography
Authors: Tompary Andriana , Wooten Nathaniel , Li Tengfei , Traub Rebecca 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroduction/AimsPreviously tested interventions to reduce pain with needle electromyography (EMG) reported limited benefit. A topical cold and vibrating device has reported benefit in interventional procedures. We aimed to evaluate the effect of this device with EMG.MethodsThis was a two‐part, prospective controlled study of a cold and vibrating device. In part one, 50 patients undergoing EMG testing on the upper extremity were randomized to EMG with or without the device and reported pain scores for each muscle. In the second part, 25 patients having EMG of both upper extremities reported pain scores, one side with the device and the other without.ResultsIn part one, there was no significant difference in average pain scores for patients with use of the device as compared to those without (average pain score 4.1 versus 3.7, p = 0.61). In the second part, there was no significant difference in pain scores in muscles tested with the device as compared those without (average pain score 4.3 versus 4.6, p = 0.47). In both parts, a wide range of pain scores were reported (0–10). In comparing device‐to‐control pain scores for each patient, 27% had a lower score, 15% had a higher score, and 58% had equal scores. There were no adverse events.DiscussionThis study did not show pain reducing benefits from a cold and vibrating device that have been described in other interventional procedures. This may relate to different study populations, wide range of pain scores and study sample size.
Determination of Tissue Potassium and Sodium Concentrations in Dystrophic Skeletal Muscle Tissue Using Combined Potassium (39K) and Sodium (23Na) MRI at 7 T
Authors: Gast Lena V. , Gerhalter Teresa , Türk Matthias , Sapli Alper , Mathy Claudius S. , Heiss Rafael , Baudin Pierre‐Yves , Marty Benjamin , Uder Michael , Nagel Armin M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCombined 23Na/39K MRI at 7 T can highlight ion disturbances in skeletal muscle tissue. In this work, we investigated if the apparent tissue potassium concentration (aTPC) can be determined in fatty replaced muscles of patients with facio‐scapulo‐humeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) and if it can provide additional information to the fat replacement and the apparent tissue sodium concentration (aTSC). The lower leg of 14 patients (six females, eight males; mean age 47.7 ± 14.0 years) with genetically confirmed FSHD and 11 healthy controls (four females, seven males; mean age 47.0 ± 14.0 years) was examined at a 7‐T MR system using a dual‐tuned 23Na/39K birdcage RF coil. In addition, qualitative and quantitative 1H MR measurements were performed at 7 T to assess the fat replacement and water accumulation. The aTPC and aTSC were determined in seven different muscle regions based on five external references phantoms and corrected for partial volume effects, relaxation biases, and reduced ion concentrations in fat. Results are expressed as median (interquartile range). The measured aTPC was strongly reduced in fat‐replaced muscles and was close to zero in totally fat replaced muscles (aTPC = 4.3 mM [2.7 mM] for FF > 80%). After correction of aTPC values for reduced potassium concentration in fat, aTPCfc values of patients in muscles with low or moderate fat fraction (FF < 30%) were similar to values of healthy subjects (patients: aTPCfc = 85.6 mM [21.7 mM]; controls: aTPCfc = 83.2 mM [22.3 mM]). However, muscles with FF > 30% showed reduced aTPCfc and increased aTSCfc compared with healthy controls (aTPCfc = 28.9 mM [46.2 mM], aTSCfc = 42.3 mM [17.6 mM]; controls: aTSCfc = 15.0 mM [4.6 mM], aTPCfc = 83.2 mM [22.3 mM]). No correlations were observed between the aTPCfc and aTSCfc, or between aTPCfc and water T2. We showed that a determination of the aTPC in dystrophic skeletal muscles is feasible using 39K MRI at 7 T. Measured changes in aTPCfc were greater than sole fat replacement and might therefore be used as an additional quantitative measure for dystrophic muscle tissue.
Developing Behavior Change Model‐Informed and Participant‐Engaged Retention Strategies for Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer Enrolled on Behavioral and/or Psychosocial Trials
Authors: McGrady Meghan E. , Webster Rachel Tillery , Burke Macks , Gomez Chelsey , Breen Gabriella , Herriott Julia K. , Norris Robin E. , Ketterl Tyler G. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAdolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer face unique demands, which result in barriers to psychosocial/behavioral trial retention. Theory‐informed and patient‐engaged strategies have the potential to increase retention. The purpose of this manuscript is to illustrate how to partner with AYAs and leverage the Theoretical Domains Framework to identify barriers to retention and behavior change techniques (BCTs) targeting these barriers to create retention strategies. Exemplar strategies developed using this approach and implemented in our trial of an adherence‐promotion intervention are discussed, and a roadmap is included for teams interested in developing similar strategies to meet their unique needs.
Mechanical and hydrophobic properties determination of epoxy/ignimbrite/pine waste composites
Authors: Ari Ahmet Cihat 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this study, for the first time, composites have been prepared using ignimbrite and pine waste in epoxy matrix for the restoration of civil architecture examples in Anatolia (Turkiye). Composites were produced with different ratios of aggregates of 50–65 wt% ignimbrite waste (IW) and 5–20 wt% pine waste (PW), to 30 wt% epoxy resin (ER). The mechanical and hydrophobic properties of these composites were investigated. In the study, it was determined that the compression strengths decreased by approximately 20.70%–58.61% due to the increase in the pine waste ratio in the composites. However, it was determined that the compression strength values of the composites increased by approximately 13.09%–173.21% compared to the compression strength value of neat ER. Additionally, the contact angle of these composites is 91°–113.79°, which is higher than the 80.59° of neat ER. These composites with angles greater than 90° show that they provide sufficient conditions for the protection of historical structures from water. As a result, these composites produced with epoxy matrix and different waste fillers provide great potential for the restoration applications of civil architecture examples with their durable, environmentally friendly and economically beneficial properties.Highlights
Epoxy/ignimbrite/pine waste composites were produced.
First evaluation of the mechanical and hydrophobic properties of composites.
IPWC50‐20 containing 20 wt% pine showed the highest hydrophobic properties.
The increasing PW ratio in composites increases mechanical properties.
IPWC50‐20 is ideal for composite waterproofing.
Questions and Consequences of Omics in Genetically Engineered Crop Regulation
Authors: Budnick Asa , Butoto Eric , Loschin Nick , Mainello‐Land Amanda , Furgurson Jill , Brown Rebekah , Ferraro Greg , Alirigia Rex , Abugu Modesta , Stokes Ruthie , Gillespie Christopher , Speicher Nolan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn 2016, a National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine advisory committee proposed omics technologies as one possible adequate response to the regulatory challenges posed by gene editing and synthetic biology. This paper presents a set of questions that would need to be answered to integrate omics experiments and data into crop regulatory systems. These questions concern both experimental practice and how omics‐experimental and regulatory systems intersect. We anticipate that the chosen answers to these questions will impact the scientific validity, regulatory burden, and usefulness for forecasting risk in nuanced ways. In doing so, we conclude that the integration of omics technologies into regulatory systems poses an array of more‐than‐technical dilemmas whose management will require cross‐sector collaboration and innovative approaches to socio‐technical decision‐making.
Exploring P450 superfamily diversity with P450Atlas ‐ Online tool for automated subfamily assignment
Authors: Gront Dominik , Syed Khajamohiddin , Nelson David R. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs/P450s) are heme‐containing enzymes known to biology for more than six decades. Their stereo‐ and regio‐specific enzymatic activities on various compounds led to exploring their potential in almost all areas of life. The P450 superfamily, encompassing nearly 10,000 known families, boasts a staggering diversity represented by numerous families, highlighting its immense scale within the realm of enzymes. In this contribution, we describe the P450Atlas website: the ultimate source of information about all named P450 families and subfamilies. The website's main functionality is the automated assignment of a query sequence to one of the known subfamilies. The new subfamily assignment algorithm relies on Hidden Markov Models (HMM) and has been extensively tested and compared to an approach based on the BLAST program. Extensive validation shows that the HMM approach is more sensitive than the latter one, offering almost perfect automated P450 sequence assignment to subfamilies. A user can also browse and search through the online list of families across the Tree of Life. We believe that the P450Atlas website (https://p450atlas.org) will become a comprehensive and unified source of information on cytochrome 450 nomenclature.
Low Muscle Mass and Treatment Tolerance in Patients With Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Stanhope E. N. , Thomsen S. N. , Turner J. E. , Fairman C. M. , Lahart I. M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundUpper gastrointestinal (GI) cancers carry notable mortality risks. While systemic therapies are vital for their management, they are often hindered by adverse events (AE), which can compromise their effectiveness. The presence of low skeletal muscle mass (LSMM) may be linked with the prevalence of AE and could potentially undermine treatment tolerance by impacting drug metabolism. The primary objective of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to evaluate the association between LSMM and the risk of grades 3 and 4 AE and treatment discontinuation.MethodsStudies investigating the association between skeletal muscle mass and AE or treatment tolerability in adult patients diagnosed with upper GI cancer scheduled to undergo systemic treatment were eligible. The primary outcomes were grades 3 and 4 AE and treatment discontinuations. Four electronic databases were systematically searched with no date restrictions on 10 October 2022. Data were analysed via random‐effects meta‐analyses, and the risk of bias was assessed using the risk of bias in non‐randomised studies—of exposure (ROBINS‐E) appraisal tool.ResultsWe identified 50 eligible publications from 49 studies. Our meta‐analyses revealed evidence of a higher risk of grades 3 and 4 AE (RR 1.44, 95% CI 1.23–1.68, N = 13) and treatment discontinuation (RR 2.39, 95% CI 1.87–3.07, N = 11) in LSMM versus non‐LSMM. Secondary analyses revealed an increased risk of fatigue, febrile neutropenia, intestinal pneumonia, stomatitis and thrombocytopenia in LSMM. However, 92% of studies assessing grades 3 and 4 AE and 73% of studies examining treatment discontinuation had a very high risk of bias.ConclusionsLSMM in patients with upper GI cancer is associated with a higher risk of grades 3 and 4 AE and the discontinuation of systemic cancer treatment. The high risk of bias should be considered in the interpretation of these findings. Further evaluation of the association between LSMM and treatment tolerability in confirmatory, prospective studies is needed.
Statistics of Received Power Time Series for Optical LEO Satellite Uplinks
Authors: Carrillo‐Flores Andrea , Giggenbach Dirk , Knopp Marcus T. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn free‐space optical satellite communications, a transmitted optical signal is perturbed by pointing inaccuracies and through the atmosphere's index‐of‐refraction turbulence. This leads to signal fluctuations and power fading when detected by a receiver. Knowledge of these signal instability statistics is advantageous for the design of robust ground‐ and space‐based optical communication systems. For example, the development of optimized automatic repeat request (ARQ) and forward error correction (FEC) protocols to compensate these losses is facilitated. The channel characteristics of a ground‐to‐satellite (uplink) and satellite‐to‐ground (downlink) transmission change with the elevation angle of the link direction, and consequently, the signal fluctuations and power fading also vary. In this work, numerical time series of received power are generated for uplink scenarios to low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites for different satellite elevations. The time series are generated for two experimental scenarios, considering the effects of a gamma‐gamma and lognormal‐distributed atmospheric scintillation and the use of transmitter diversity. The generated series of power are compared with analytical results and measurements in terms of the run of statistical parameters, and the results are contrasted. The results can be used for link‐budget design, for communications standardization, and for the analysis and design of fading mitigation techniques that prevent signal fading and data loss.
Predictors of Sustainable Investment Motivation: An Interpretable Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Sosnovskikh Sergey , Valko Danila , Meyer‐Alten Raphael 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the determinants influencing retail investors' capital allocation to sustainable financial products, focusing specifically on Germany—a pertinent case due to its strong commitment to sustainability, supportive regulatory environment and substantial market growth. We utilised two surveys conducted in 2020 by the 2° Investing Initiative and Choyze GmbH in collaboration with the German Environment Agency to obtain a measurement invariant combined dataset. Utilising robust and generalised linear modelling and interpretable machine learning techniques, our analysis identified that three primary motivation components—personal values, social and environmental impact and investment return—exhibit significant overlap. The findings demonstrate that investment motivations are consistently predicted by sustainability interests. In contrast, socio‐demographic factors (age, gender, education, household income) exhibit inconsistent patterns across investment motivations and exert weaker influence. As a result, we propose robust models to predict sustainable investment motivation and highlight their consistency and applicability in the green finance sector.
The Impact of Sustainability Disclosure on Firm Value in the Energy Sector of BRICS Economies: The Holistic Approach of GRI Guidelines
Authors: Hussain Farhan , Zhou Zhifang , Abbas Hussain , Dusengemungu Didier Robert 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSustainability disclosure is a key concern for the corporate sector in terms of safeguarding nature and preserving long‐term trust. This research investigates the impact of 20 comprehensive sustainability dimensions on the performance of energy firms in BRICS economies. The data were collected through content analysis, guided by the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) farmwork, and analysis with the generalized method of moments (GMM) to ensure robustness. The findings show a significant relationship between environmental disclosure and firm value. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of social and economic disclosures in developing economies driven by industry‐specific challenges, climate risks, and stakeholder demands. In addition, companies with high sustainability disclosure enhance legitimacy by gaining advantages from effective management and governmental support. BRICS governments and corporations promote sustainability through impactful interventions aligned with GRI guidelines.
Individualized Time‐Varying Nonparametric Model With an Application in Mobile Health
Authors: Rim Jenifer , Xu Qi , Tang Xiwei , Guo Yuqing , Qu Annie 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIndividualized modeling has become increasingly popular in recent years with its growing application in fields such as personalized medicine and mobile health studies. With rich longitudinal measurements, it is of great interest to model certain subject‐specific time‐varying covariate effects. In this paper, we propose an individualized time‐varying nonparametric model by leveraging the subgroup information from the population. The proposed method approximates the time‐varying covariate effect using nonparametric B‐splines and aggregates the estimated nonparametric coefficients that share common patterns. Moreover, the proposed method can effectively handle various missing data patterns that frequently arise in mobile health data. Specifically, our method achieves subgrouping by flexibly accommodating varying dimensions of B‐spline coefficients due to missingness. This capability sets it apart from other fusion‐type approaches for subgrouping. The subgroup information can also potentially provide meaningful insight into the characteristics of subjects and assist in recommending an effective treatment or intervention. An efficient ADMM algorithm is developed for implementation. Our numerical studies and application to mobile health data on monitoring pregnant women's deep sleep and physical activities demonstrate that the proposed method achieves better performance compared to other existing methods.
Network Meta‐Analysis With Individual Participant‐Level Data of Time‐to‐Event Outcomes Using Cox Regression
Authors: Hua Kaiyuan , Wojdyla Daniel , Carnicelli Anthony , Granger Christopher , Wang Xiaofei , Hong Hwanhee 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe accessibility of individual participant‐level data (IPD) enhances the evaluation of moderation effects of patient covariates. It facilitates the provision of accurate estimation of intervention effects and confidence intervals by incorporating covariate correlations across multiple clinical trials. With a time‐to‐event outcome, Cox regression can be applied for network meta‐analysis (NMA) using IPD. However, there lacks comprehensive reviews and comparisons of the specifications and assumptions of these Cox models and their impact on the interpretation of hazard ratios, effect moderation, and trial heterogeneity in IPD‐NMA. In this paper, we examine various Cox models for IPD‐NMA and compare different approaches to modeling trial, treatment, and covariate effects. We employ multiple graphical tools and statistical tests to assess proportional hazard assumptions and discuss their implications. Additionally, we explore the application of extended Cox models when the proportional hazard assumption is violated. Practical guidance on interpreting and reporting NMA results is provided. A simulation study is conducted to compare the performance of different models. We illustrate the methods to conduct IPD‐NMA through a real data example.
Turning numbers into stories: Using data to create compelling web content
Authors: Talarico Donna 
Published: February 2025

Last fall, I was honored to present a lightning talk at the Higher Education Web Professionals Association* annual conference. These fast‐paced talks cover a topic in five minutes or less, and mine focused on using data to tell bite‐sized stories. I shared the stage with four other industry professionals who spoke about building custom generative pre‐training transformers (GPTs), working with design systems, showing gratitude, and overcoming workplace obstacles.
Surgical gestures—An emerging field for surgical assessment and training
Authors: Ma Runzhuo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAs surgical training shifts from a traditional method to a more standardized approach, objective analysis and assessment of surgeon performance has become a key focus. Surgical gestures, defined as the smallest independent units of instrument‐tissue interaction, offer a quantifiable way to analyze surgical performance. Standardizing the terminology for describing surgical gestures can enhance communication during surgical training in the operating room. More importantly, surgical gesture usage has been linked to surgeon expertise and has been shown to be associated with patient outcomes. This review examines current classification systems for surgical gestures in dissection and suturing tasks, across open, laparoscopic, and robotic procedures, which serve as an armamentarium for training surgeons. It also explores how surgical gestures can complement conventional surgical assessment tools. Finally, it reviews current artificial intelligent models on gesture recognition and automation, envisions a future where gesture recognition forms the foundation for intelligent assistance in the operating room.
From Traces to Intelligence: Forensic Science Contributions to Counterfeiting Understanding Through Profiling of Counterfeit Goods
Authors: Mireault Caroline , Dumont Pier‐Louis , Delémont Olivier 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCounterfeiting is not a phenomenon to be underestimated. It has broad implications including economic losses, health, and safety risks, and the financing of organized crime. Forensic science, beyond merely detecting counterfeit goods, can offer critical insights into the production and distribution stages of counterfeiting, thereby supporting more effective law enforcement and policy interventions. The first part of this paper explores the role forensic science can play in understanding counterfeiting and the clandestine markets it fosters, through forensic intelligence. By analyzing counterfeit specimens, utilizing physical, chemical, and digital traces, forensic science can significantly contribute by mapping the connections between them and uncovering the modus operandi of counterfeiters. The second part showcases specific initiatives that have been developed and implemented, including the profiling of fraudulent identity documents, the physical and chemical analysis of counterfeit perfumes and boots, and the intelligence produced from examining counterfeit watches. These examples demonstrate the methodologies employed and the potential outcomes of adopting a forensic intelligence perspective. They illustrate how forensic techniques can reveal connections between different counterfeit items and provide insights into their production and distribution networks. The findings underscore the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and the cross‐fertilization of operational deployments with research initiatives.
Electrodynamics and geometric continuum mechanics
Authors: Segev Reuven 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper offers an informal instructive introduction to some of the main notions of geometric continuum mechanics for the case of smooth fields. We use a metric invariant stress theory of continuum mechanics to formulate a simple generalization of the fields of electrodynamics and Maxwell’s equations to general differentiable manifolds of any dimension, thus viewing generalized electrodynamics as a special case of continuum mechanics. The basic kinematic variable is the potential, which is represented as a p-form in an n-dimensional spacetime. The stress for the case of generalized electrodynamics is assumed to be represented by an

$$(n-p-1)$$

(
n
-
p
-
1
)

-form, a generalization of the Maxwell 2-form.