bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Poor Glycemic Control upon Clinical Outcomes after Radical Prostatectomy in Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Lee Hakmin , Byun Seok-Soo , Lee Sang Eun , Hong Sung Kyu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To evaluate the clinical impact of preoperative glycemic status upon oncological and functional outcomes after radical prostatectomy in patients with localized prostate cancer, we analyzed the data of 2,664 subjects who underwent radical prostatectomy with preoperative measurement of hemoglobin A1c within six months before surgery. The possible association between high hemoglobin A1c (≥ 6.5 ng/dL) and oncological/functional outcomes was evaluated. Among all subjects, 449 (16.9%) were categorized as the high hemoglobin A1c group and 2,215 (83.1%) as the low hemoglobin A1c group. High hemoglobin A1c was associated with worse pathological outcomes including extra-capsular extension (HR 1.277, 95% CI 1.000–1.630, p = 0.050) and positive surgical margin (HR 1.302, 95% CI 1.012–1.674, p = 0.040) in multi-variate regression tests. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed statistically longer biochemical recurrence-free survival in the low hemoglobin A1c group (p < 0.001), and subsequent multivariate Cox proportional analyses revealed that high hemoglobin A1c is an independent predictor for longer BCR-free survival (HR 1.135, 95% CI 1.016–1.267, p = 0.024). Moreover, the low hemoglobin A1c group showed a significantly shorter urinary continence-free survival than the low hemoglobin A1c group (p = 0.001), and preoperative hemoglobin A1c was also an independent predictor for continence-free survival in multivariate Cox analyses (HR 0.929, 95% CI 0.879–0.981, p = 0.008). The high preoperative hemoglobin A1c level was independently associated with worse oncological outcomes and also with inferior recovery of urinary continence after radical prostatectomy.
Reliability and Validity of Healthy Fitness Measurement Scale Version1.0 (HFMS&nbsp;V1.0) in Chinese Elderly People
Authors: Liu Qian , Zhou Hui , Qiu Heng , Huang Chen , Jiang Lijie , Jiang Guli , Wu Weixuan , Huang Zhuomin , Xu Jun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose. We examined the reliability and validity of the Healthy Fitness Measurement Scale Version 1.0 (HFMS V1.0) specifically on elderly people in China.Methods. We carried out a cross-sectional study in December 2020 and enrolled 800 elderly people through stratified sampling technique. The level of healthy fitness was measured using the HFMS V1.0. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient, split-half reliability, test-retest reliability, convergent and discriminant construct validity, exploratory factor and confirmatory factor were calculated for assessing the reliability and validity of HFMS V1.0.Results. The valid samples were comprised of 777 samples (with a mean age of 71.81 ±8.36 years), 382(49.2 %) were women. HFMS V1.0 consists of 8 dimensions and 38 items. The scale had acceptable reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.920, split-half = 0.946, test-retest = 0.878). The correlation of each item, dimension and subscales ranged from 0.528 to 0.888 (p < 0.001). Exploratory factor analysis uncovered 11 factors with the cumulative contribution rate of 68.09% and all factor loads over 0.40. The item distribution was consistent with the initial expectation of the scale. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated good fit: CMIN/DF=2.773, RMSEA=0.048, IFI=0.915, TLI=0.904, CFI=0.915.Conclusion. HFMS V1.0 was shown to have acceptable reliability and validity. Collectively, HFMS V1.0 is reliable and efficient to measure the healthy fitness of elderly people.
Risk and Protective Factors of Depression in the General Population during the COVID-19 Epidemic in Korea
Authors: Kim Sung-Wan , Park In-Hoo , Kim Mina , Park A-La , Jhon Min , Kim Ju-Wan , Kang Hee-Ju , Ryu Seunghyong , Lee Ju-Yeon , Kim Jae-Min 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The risk of depression has risen in the general population during the COVID-19 epidemic. This study was conducted to explore risk and protective factors associated with depression among the general population uninfected by COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,500 representative South Korean citizens aged 19–65 years through an anonymous online survey. Depression was defined as a Patient Health Questionnaire-10 score of 10 or higher. Other questionnaires included one measuring psycho-behavioural and social changes, and stress, due to COVID-19, a six-item version of the Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6), and a three-item version of the UCLA loneliness scale. Results: Of the 1492 participants not infected by COVID-19, 312 (20.9%) exhibited depression. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that depression was positively associated with COVID-19-related stress and psycho-behavioural variables such as disturbances in eating and sleeping, younger age, smoking, underlying mental illness, and loneliness scale scores. In contrast, exercise three or more times per week and GQ-6 scale scores were inversely associated with depression. Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, maintaining daily routines including eating, sleeping, and regular exercise and focusing on gratitude may be important for the prevention of depression. In addition, more attention should be paid to vulnerable populations, including young people, those with mental illnesses, and smokers, who might be more susceptible to depression.
Machine Learning Framework for the Detection of Anomalies in Aqueous Solutions Using Terahertz Waves
Authors: ZAHID ADNAN , Dashtipour Kia ,   Ivonne E. Carranza1, Abbas Hasan , Ren Aifeng , Cumming David R.S. , Grant James P. , Imran Muhammad Ali , Abbasi Qammer Hussain 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Water is considered to be the most essential and vital resources to sustaining life. Ensuring its delivery to people with no intrusion of harmful impurities, safe, reliable, and in an affordable manner is one of huge challenge amid to the ongoing climate transformations. This demands to introduce a cost effective and notion of real-time monitoring system that can detect the microbiological contaminants in aqueous solutions in timely manner to protect the public and environment health. In this paper, the prospects of integrating non-invasive terahertz (THz) waves with machine learning (ML) enabled technique is studied. The research explores a method of using Fourier transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) system to observe the absorption spectra and characteristics of three solvents solution , including salt, sugar and glucose with various quantity in aqueous solutions in the frequency range of 1 THz to 20 THz. In this study, due to the different molecular configuration and vibration modes of substances, distinct absorption spectra peaks were achieved for different concentrations of solvent solutions at certain sensitive THz region. Moreover, using measurements observations data, meaningful features are extracted and incorporated four algorithms such as random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (D-tree) and k-nearest neighbour (KNN). The results demonstrated that RF obtained a higher accuracy of 84.74% in identifying the substance in aqueous solutions. Moreover, it was also found that RF with 97.98%, outperformed other classifiers for estimation of salts concentration added in aqueous solutions. However, for sugar and glucose concentrations, SVM exhibited a higher accuracy of 93.11% and 96.88%, respectively, compared to other classifiers. Thus, proposed technique incorporating ML with THz waves, may be significant in providing an efficient, cost-effective and real-time monitoring for water quality detection system.
The Effect of Sevoflurane Low Flow Anesthesia on Preserving Patient Core Temperature&nbsp;
Authors: YUKSEK Ahmet , Talih Gamze 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Low flow anesthesia reduces the fresh gas flow (FGF) entering the anesthesia circuit and saves on the volatile agent used. In this study, the effect of low-flow anesthesia with sevoflurane on core temperature and the incidence of perioperative hypothermia were investigated.Methods: Records of patients who underwent general anesthesia with sevoflurane were analyzed retrospectively. According to the fresh gas flow applied, the patients were divided into three groups: Low flow anesthesia (LFA = 1 l / min), medium flow anesthesia (MFA = 2 l / min), and high flow anesthesia (HFA = 4 l / min). Patients’ demographic data and the initial (T1) and final (T2) temperatures during the operation were compared.Results: A total of 160 patients were included in the study. There was no significant difference in T1 temperature values between the groups. The T2 value of the HFA group was significantly lower than the LFA group (p = 0.028). Different flow values were found to have a significant effect on temperature change (F = 21.630, p <0.001, partial eta squared = 0.216). There was a significant difference between the mean temperatures measured at two different times (F = 301.064, p <0.001, partial eta squared = 0.657). The overall incidence of hypothermia was 32.5%, with 52 patients. Hypothermia (T2<36 degrees) incidences were not different between the LFA group and the MFA and HFA groups (p = 0.682); However, perioperative core temperature loss was significantly lower in the LFA group (p = 0.001).Conclusions: Low flow anesthesia using sevoflurane was not sufficient alone to reduce the incidence of hypothermia. However, the LFA technique preserved the patient’s core temperature better than the MFA and HFA techniques. Therefore, in addition to low-flow anesthesia being a cost-oriented technique, we have demonstrated that it may also have a beneficial effect on reducing perioperative temperature loss.Trial Registration: Researchregistary.com/6840Ethics committee: Yozgat Bozok University 2017-KAEK-25122019.1
The Relationship Between Professional Self-Concept and Work-Related Quality of Life of Nurses Working in the Wards of Patients With&nbsp;COVID-19
Authors: Farhadi Akram , Bagherzadeh Razieh , Moradi Ainaz , Nemati Reza , Sadeghmoghaddam Leila 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Nurses are at the forefront of providing health care services and their performance is largely determinant of the quality of health care. The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between professional self-concept and QWL among nurses from selected hospitals based in the cities of Bushehr and Shiraz (southern Iran), at the time of COVD-19 pandemic.
Method:

This study is designed as a cross-sectional study. A Web-based questionnaire assessing a demographic characteristic, the Work-Related Quality of life (WRQoL), and the Nurse Self-Concept (NSCQ) was distributed to a representative sample (n = 263) of nurses working in hospital wards for patients with COVID-19. Data were analyzed using multivariate linear regression at the significance level of 0.05.
Results

The mean scores of the NSCQ and the WRQoL Scale in nurses were respectively by 202.32 ± 38.19 and 68.81 ± 19.12. There was also a significantly direct relationship between PSC and QWL. PSC together with work location and working experience could thus explain 34.6% of the variance in QWL, which was 26.5% for PSC.
Conclusion

Considering the confirmation of the predictive role of nurses’ PSC in their QWL in terms of planning and designing interventions to boost their QWL, attention to internal factors such as PSC is of utmost importance.
Holocene Hydroclimate in the Southeastern United States During Abrupt Climate Events: Evidence From New Speleothem Isotopic Records From Alabama
Authors: Medina-Elizalde Martin , Perritano Stefan , DeCesare Matthew , Polanco-Martinez Josué , Serrato-Marks Gabriela , McGee David , Lases-Hernandez Fernanda 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We present new high-resolution absolute-dated stalagmite δ18O and δ13C records from the southeastern United States (SE US) spanning the last 12 thousand years (ka). A local relationship between annual rainfall amount and its amount-weighed δ18O composition exists on interannual timescales, driven mostly by an amount effect during summer and spring seasons, and by an isotopically depleted composition of fall and winter precipitation. Based on a novel interpretation of modern rainfall isotopic data, stalagmite δ18O variability is interpreted to reflect the relative contribution of summer and spring precipitation combined relative to combined fall and winter precipitation. Precipitation amount in the SE US increases during the Younger Dryas, the 8.2 ka and Little Ice Age abrupt cooling events. High precipitation during these events reflects enhancement of spring and summer precipitation while the contribution of fall and winter rainfall remained unchanged or decreased slightly. Results from this study support model simulation results that suggest increased precipitation in the SE US during Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) slowdown/shutdown (LeGrande et al., 2006; Renssen et al., 2002; Vellinga and Wood, 2002). In association with Northern Hemisphere mid-latitude cooling from the Early to mid-Holocene, annual precipitation in the SE US decreases, a pattern distinctive from that observed during abrupt cooling events related to AMOC shifts. Long-term hydroclimate change in the SE US is likely sensitive to summer insolation reduction as inferred for other tropical and subtropical regions. This study has implications for our understanding of the sensitivity of subtropical hydroclimate to factors both internal and external to the climate system in a warmer climate.
Complement C5 is Not Critical for the Formation of Sub-RPE Deposits ­in Efemp1 Mutant Mice
Authors: Garland Donita , Pierce Eric , Fernandez-Godino Rosario 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The complement system plays a role in the formation of sub-retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) deposits in early stages of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). But the specific mechanisms that connect complement activation and deposit formation in AMD patients are unknown, which limits the development of efficient therapies to reduce or stop disease progression. We have previously demonstrated that C3 blockage prevents the formation of sub-RPE deposits in a mouse model of EFEMP1-associated macular degeneration. In this study, we have used double mutant Efemp1R345W/R345W:C5-/- mice to investigate the role of C5 in the formation of sub-RPE deposits in vivo and in vitro. The data revealed that the genetic ablation of C5 does not eliminate the formation of sub-RPE deposits. Contrarily, the absence of C5 in RPE cultures promotes complement dysregulation that results in increased activation of C3, which likely contributes to deposit formation even in the absence of EFEMP1-R345W mutant protein. The results also suggest that genetic ablation of C5 alters the extracellular matrix turnover through an effect on matrix metalloproteinases in RPE cell cultures. These results confirm that C3 rather than C5 could be an effective therapeutic target to treat early AMD.
Development Status of Coal Mining in China
Authors: xinjie liu , Lianghui Li , yingming Yang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As a controllable active resource in China, coal mining is facing the transition from output to quality. Base d on the total mining production and average capacity, the current situation and level of coal mining at three scales of mine, city and province is analyzed , data support for the layout of sustainable mining development and the optimization of output is provided. The results show that China's coal is mainly mined by underground mining, accounting for 87%, with an average production capacity of 0.93 million tons. Open pit mining accounts for 13%, with an average production capacity of 5.73 million ton s. S o t he average production capacity of open pit and underground workers is 1.045 million tons, with 1,181 coal mines capacity lower than 0.3 million tons, accounting for 35% of the total coal mines, contributing only 4% to their output. They are distributed in about 48 cities in 6 provinces, seriously restricting the green coal mining. The coal industry should speed up the reduction of small coal mines in key provinces and cities, eliminate outdated product ion capacity in the central region, increase the speed and proportion of coal resources moving westward, and promote high quality development of coal mining.
Hemoglobin and Hematocrit Levels are Positively Associated with Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents Aged 10 to 18 Years: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2007–2017.
Authors: Jeong Hwal Rim , Lee Hae Sang , Shim Young Seok , Hwang Jin Soon 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective: To investigate investigated the association of hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, hematocrit (Hct) and blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents.Methods: The study population consisted of a total 7,950 subjects (4,229 boys, 3,721 girls) aged 10 to 18 years who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted between 2007 and 2017.Results: The prevalence of hypertension is estimated about 19.19% (21.51% for boys and 16.5% for girls). The prevalence of obesity is estimated about 9.59% (10.5% for boys and 8.6% for girls). Hb and Hct level tended to increase with the degree of obesity and blood pressure. The systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) have positively correlated with Hb and Hct levels in both sex. In the multiple regression analysis, the Hb and Hct presented positive association with SBP and DBP after adjustment for for age, BMI SDS, alcohol consumption, smoking physical activity, rural residence, household income, diagnosis of T2DM, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.Conclusion: Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were positively associated with SBP and DBP, in children and adolescent, aged 10- 18 year.
The Effects of Birth Spacing After Cesarean Delivery on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Xu Qin , Ye Lei , Wang Qilin , Xia Wei , Wei Xiaohong , Zhou Rong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The changing family planning policy from One-Child to Two-Child Policy, led to a significant increase in the proportion of pregnancies with variant interpregnancy intervals (IPIs) after previous cesarean section (CS). To examine the relationship between IPI and perinatal outcomes, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of 1854 women having a history of CS and delivered in 2016 at West China Second University Hospital. With an IPI of 24-59 months as the reference, the associations between various IPIs (<24, 60-119, and ≥120 months) and pregnancy outcomes were examined by multivariate logistic regression analysis with multiple models. We found that IPI <24 months significantly increased the risk of anemia in late pregnancy (aOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.21-2.62, p = 0.008). IPI <24 months was associated with a higher risk for incomplete uterine rupture (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.05-1.61), IPI ≥60 months was related to a lower risk for incomplete uterine rupture (IPI = 60-119 months: OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.62-0.95; IPI ≥120 months, OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.38-1.08), and women with IPI ≥120 months were more likely to develop gestational hypertension (GHP) (p = 0.036) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (p = 0.001). These effects became nonsignificant after adjusting possible confounders. This study revealed that IPI may combine with other factors to affect GHP, GDM, and uterine rupture in the subsequent pregnancy after previous CS.
Effect of Urban Fringes Green Space Fragmentation on Ecosystem Service Value
Authors: Guan Yingying , Li Xueming , Yang Jun , Li Songbo , Liu He 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this study, an urban fringe green space classification system was established to explore the spatiotemporal variation of green space landscape and ecosystem service value (ESV) based on multi-source land-use data of Ganjingzi district from 2000 to 2018. (1) Results show that the total green space area declined from 359.57 to 213.46 km 2 over the study period. Green space large plaque index (LPI) and class area both gradually declined, whereas the number of plaques (NP) and plaque density (PD) gradually increased, indicating green space landscape fragmentation. (2) Additionally, the value of green space ecosystem services reduced from 397.42 to 124.93 million yuan. The dynamic degree of ESV change in green space increased or decreased moderately, always being < 0 and showing a decreasing trend of ESV. From a spatial variation perspective, dynamic degrees of ESV variation in the western and northern regions with relatively intensive green space were higher than those in the east. Regarding ESV of various green space types, forest land had the highest functional values of ecological regulation and support, whereas arable land provided the highest functional values of production supply. (3) The ecological service function value of green space system is negatively correlated with PD, NP, edge density, landscape shape index, and Shannon’s diversity index, and positively correlated with aggregation index, contagion metrics, and LPI. The correlation coefficient between the climate regulation function of forest and the change of number of plaques is -0.874. The correlation coefficient of the recreation and culture of the wetland to the plaque density change is no less than -0.214.
Chronic Inflammation-Induced Senescence Impairs Immunomodulatory Properties of Synovial Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Lee Hyeon-Jeong , Lee Won-Jae , Hwang Sun-Chul , Choi Yong-Ho , Kim Saetbyul , Bok Eunyeong , Lee Sangyeob , Kim Seung-Joon , Kim Hyun-Ok , Ock Sun-A , Noh Hae Sook , Rho Gyu-Jin , Lee Sang-Il , Lee Sung-Lim 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAlthough immunomodulation properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been highlighted as a new therapy for autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the alteration of disease-specific characteristics of MSCs derived from elderly RA patients are not well understood. MethodsWe established the MSCs derived from synovial fluid (SF) from age-matched early (average duration of disease: 1.7 years) and long-standing (average duration of disease: 13.8 years) RA patients (E-/L-SF-MSCs) and then comparatively analyzed the characteristics of MSCs such as stemness, proliferation, cellular senescence, in vitro differentiation and in vivo immunomodulation properties.ResultsThe presence of MSC populations in the SF from RA patients was identified and we found that L-SF-MSCs exhibited impaired proliferation, intensified cellular senescence, reduced immunomodulation properties and attenuation of anti-arthritic capacity in an RA animal model than E-SF-MSCs. In particular, E-SF-MSCs demonstrated cellular senescence progression and attenuation of immunomodulation properties at similar levels to that of L-SF-MSCs in an RA joint mimicking milieu due to hypoxia and pro-inflammatory cytokine exposure. Due to long-term exposure to the chronic inflammation milieu, the progression of cellular senescence, attenuation of immunomodulation properties and loss of anti-arthritic potentials are more often identified in SF-MSCs of long-standing RA than early RA. ConclusionWe conclude that a chronic RA inflammation milieu affected the potential of MSCs; therefore, this work addresses the importance of understanding MSC characteristics during disease states prior to their application in patients.