bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of an outpatient intervention comprising nurse‐led non‐invasive assessments, telemedicine support and remote cardiologists' decisions in patients with heart failure (AMULET study): a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Krzesiński Paweł , Jankowska Ewa A. , Siebert Janusz , Galas Agata , Piotrowicz Katarzyna , Stańczyk Adam , Siwołowski Paweł , Gutknecht Piotr , Chrom Paweł , Murawski Piotr , Walczak Andrzej , Szalewska Dominika , Banasiak Waldemar , Ponikowski Piotr , Gielerak Grzegorz 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimPrevention of heart failure (HF) hospitalisations and deaths constitutes a major therapeutic aim in patients with HF. The role of telemedicine in this context remains equivocal. We investigated whether an outpatient telecare based on nurse‐led non‐invasive assessments supporting remote therapeutic decisions (AMULET telecare) could improve clinical outcomes in patients after an episode of acute HF during 12‐month follow‐up.Methods and resultsIn this prospective randomised controlled trial, patients with HF and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤49%, after an episode of acute HF within the last 6 months, were randomly assigned to receive either an outpatient telecare based on nurse‐led non‐invasive assessments (n = 300) (AMULET model) or standard care (n = 305). The primary composite outcome of unplanned HF hospitalisation or cardiovascular death occurred in 51 (17.1%) patients in the telecare group and 73 (23.9%) patients in the standard care group up to 12 months after randomization [hazard ratio (HR) 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.48–0.99; P = 0.044]. The implementation of AMULET telecare, as compared to standard care, reduced the risk of first unplanned HF hospitalisation (HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.42–0.91; P = 0.015) as well as the risk of total unplanned HF hospitalisations (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.41–0.99; P = 0.044).There was no difference in cardiovascular mortality between the study groups (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.54–1.67; P = 0.930).ConclusionsAMULET telecare as compared to standard care significantly reduced the risk of HF hospitalisation or cardiovascular death during 12‐month follow‐up among patients with HF and LVEF ≤49% after an episode of acute HF.
Perfluorinated Dialkoxysilanediols Resisting Self‐Condensation
Authors: Feige Felix , Al‐Issa Jeen , Kögel Julius F. , Lork Enno , Rychagova Elena , Ketkov Sergey , Beckmann Jens 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe reaction of sodium salts of perfluorinated tertiary alcohols R3COH with SiCl4provided the di‐substituted dichlorosilanes (R3CO)2SiCl2(1 a, R=CF3;1 b, R=C6F5), the hydrolysis of which produced the corresponding silanediols (R3CO)2Si(OH)2(2 a, R=CF3;2 b, R=C6F5). Unlike most other dialkoxysilanediols known in the literature,2 aand2 bare stable towards self‐condensation at ambient conditions. In a similar way, the related disiloxanes [(R3CO)2SiCl]2O (3 a, R=CF3) and [(R3CO)2Si(OH)]2O (4 a, R=CF3) were prepared.
The effect of soaking in increasingly alkaline aqueous solutions on the spontaneous combustion characteristics of bituminous coal
Authors: Yuan Jie , Zhu Hongqing , Zhao Jinlong , Zhu Xiaoman , Wang Haoran 
Published: October 2021

SummaryThe spontaneous combustion characteristics of residual air‐dried coal change after soaking, which can pose a threat to coal mining safety. To study the effects of increasing alkalinity, pH values (7–11), on the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal, we conducted a number of experiments using thermogravimetry (TG) and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). TG was used to investigate parameters including the ignition index , combustion characteristic index (), combustion intensity index (), and activation energy () to show any variations in oxidative exothermic characteristics of coal. The results showed that the values of and of the coal samples after alkaline treatment, increased with the increasing pH values. However, the values of and followed the opposite trend. To further explain the reason behind these variations, we investigated functional groups of coal using FTIR. These results indicated that the active functional groups, including oxygen‐containing functional groups, methyl and methylene groups, of the coal, increased after alkaline treatment, which showed microscopically that the coal was more active after soaking. These parameter variations together illustrate that the oxidation activity of the coal was enhanced after the alkaline treatment, and that it is more prone to spontaneous combustion.
Clinical experience with a new injectable hyaluronic acid designed to improve skin quality in a private clinic in Brazil: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Dal'Asta Coimbra Daniel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundJuvéderm Volite is a skin‐conditioning hyaluronic acid (HA) gel for intradermal injection that provides longer‐lasting effects with a lower concentration of hyaluronic acid. Few studies evaluating its use for aesthetic purposes are available.AimTo examine the use and safety of Juvéderm Volite in daily clinical practice.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of subjects treated with Juvéderm Volite for aesthetic purposes from May 2018 to October 2019 in Rio de Janeiro. Data were extracted from the attending physician's records obtained at each medical appointment. Subjects were assessed according to their age group and treatment characteristics, which include the use of cannulas vs needles and the effectiveness and safety of associated treatments in a single session. Need for subsequent treatment was stratified by touch‐up treatment (<3‐month period) and repeat treatment (≥3‐month period). Safety assessment was based on the report of nodule formation and late hypersensitivity in patients. Appropriate statistical tests were used for data analysis.ResultsOne hundred and eight subjects were included in the study analysis. The total number of treatment sessions consisted of 159, with a mean follow‐up time of 300.3 days. Of the total 108 subjects, 8.4% required touch‐up treatment for optimum correction and repeat treatment occurred in 9.0%. No cases of adverse events were reported during the follow‐up period.ConclusionsThis study has shown, based on clinical observation, that Juvéderm Volite is a useful tool to improve skin quality, requiring fewer and less frequent maintenance treatments. No serious adverse events were reported during the follow‐up period.
Modeling climate change effects on spatial distribution of wild Aegilops L. (Poaceae) toward food security management and biodiversity conservation in Iran
Authors: Hosseini Naser , Mehrabian Ahmadreza , Mostafavi Hossein 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The demand for food resources is increasing quickly because human populations are growing; therefore, food security may become one of the largest human challenges of this century. Crop wild relatives (CWRs) are the most valuable plant genetic resources (PGR) for the conservation of genetic diversity in crops. However, climate change is an added pressure on biodiversity, particularly on this valuable group of plants. It is predicted that more than 50% of this group may be lost by 2055 as a result of the effects of climate change. Iran ranks high in the world in its conservation priorities for CWRs. This study investigates the impacts of climate change on Aegilops L. as important CWRs. MaxEnt was applied to predict the spatial distribution of seven Aegilops species under different climatic scenarios (RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5) of 2050 and 2080. According to the findings, all species exhibited reduction or expansion responses under all of the above-mentioned climatic scenarios. However, the range change was negative for some species (i.e., Aegilops columnaris, Aegilops cylindrica, Aegilops speltoides, Aegilops tauschii [in all scenarios of 2050 and 2080], and Aegilops kotschyi [RCP 2.6 2050 and 2080]), and positive for others (i.e., Aegilops crassa, Aegilops triuncialis [in all scenarios of 2050 and 2080], and Aegilops kotschyi [RCP 8.5 2050 and 2080]). The results of this study emphasize the need for conservation plans for the country's genetic resources, including regular monitoring and assessment of ecological and demographic changes. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:697–708. © 2021 SETAC
KEY POINTS
This paper investigated the impacts of climate change on Aegilops spp. as important crop wild relatives (CWRs) in order to establish protection strategies in the most important genetic resources of the country. MaxEnt was applied to predict the spatial distribution of seven Aegilops species under different climatic scenarios (RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5) of 2050 and 2080. The range change was negative for some species and positive for others. This study emphasizes the need for conservation plans for the country's genetic resources, including regular monitoring and assessment of ecological and demographic changes.
Imiquimod induced vitiligo‐like lesions—A consequence of modified melanocyte function
Authors: Yu Haiyan , Cen Jianping , Lin Xiaoxia , Cheng Hao , Seifert Oliver 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionImiquimod plays an important role in the management of condyloma and premalignant lesions. Successively, an increase of hypopigmented lesions following imiquimod application has been reported. However, the mechanisms of imiquimod on melanocytes remain unclear. This study was designed to assess the effect of Imiquimod on the functions of melanocytes in vitro.MethodsPrimary cultured melanocytes were isolated from normal control skin tissue. After incubation with imiquimod for 48 h in vitro, cell viability was analyzed by cell counting kit‐8 assay. Apoptosis was detected using the Annexin V‐fluorescein‐5‐isothiocyanate flow cytometry assay. Melanin content and tyrosinase activity in melanocytes were measured by colorimetric method and the modified dopachrome method. The production of inflammatory cytokine interleukin 8 (IL‐8), IL‐6, and soluble ICAM‐1 (soluble Intercellular Adhesion Molecule‐1[sICAM‐1]) in melanocytes were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Toll‐like receptor 7 (TLR7), toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR9) protein, and autophagy‐related proteins microtubule‐associated protein 1A/1B‐light chain 3 (LC3‐II), p62, mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), and Atg5 were assessed using western blot analysis.ResultsImiquimod significantly inhibited the activity of tyrosinase activity and decreased melanin content in melanocytes and significantly increased apoptosis and IL‐6, IL‐8, and sICAM‐1 production in melanocytes. Moreover, the expression of TLR7 and TLR9 proteins were significantly increased, and the expression of mTOR, p62 protein were markedly decreased, but the expression of LC3II/I and Atg5 protein were significantly increased in melanocytes after incubating with imiquimod.ConclusionsThis study shows that imiquimod directly inhibits melanogenesis and increases melanocyte apoptosis rates. These effects combined with the upregulation of TLR7 and TLR9 together with increased autophagy activity and inflammatory cytokines production, might be the main reasons leading to hypopigmented lesions after imiquimod application.
A randomized controlled trial of the effect of ramosetron on postoperative restoration of bowel motility after gynecologic laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Kang Hee Yong , Kim Youngsoon , You Ann Hee , Kim Yeon Jin , Kim Mi Kyeong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effect of ramosetron after gynecological laparoscopic surgery on the recovery of bowel function.MethodsA prospective randomized controlled trial conducted at Kyung Hee University hospital, South Korea, from August 2016 to September 2017. Patients were randomized to receive either 10 mg dexamethasone before induction of anesthesia (control group C), followed by intravenous administration of patient‐controlled analgesia (IV‐PCA) or 2 ml normal saline before induction of anesthesia and 0.6 mg ramosetron (study group R) administered with IV‐PCA.ResultsA total of 88 patients were enrolled. Times to first flatus (group C 23.98 ± 6.31 vs. group R 27.14 ± 9.56 h; P = 0.148) and first defecation (group C 36.16 ± 16.04 vs. group R 43.41 ± 20.01 h; P = 0.138) showed no statistically significant differences. No significant differences were observed in the frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and demand for additional analgesics. Multiple linear regression for analysis of factors affecting time to first flatus revealed no significant results.ConclusionRamosetron did not delay bowel movement recovery after gynecologic laparoscopic surgery and was as effective as dexamethasone in regulating PONV. Ramosetron can be used with IV‐PCA without concerns about delay in recovery of bowel function.ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT02849483.
The Emergent Properties of an Ethical Leadership When Aligned with the Systems Engineering Handbook and Code of Ethics
Authors: Fraga Anabel 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTIt is not easy to define leadership and the characteristics a leader must have. Some authors prefer one or another skill, but definitions are diverse. Some sources try to indicate what it means and its implications. A holistic ethical leadership model cannot be defined circularly, but it must be understood, such as a praxis.Leadership means more than its common definition; it means truth, ethics, empathy, and much more. In this case, it is of importance the definition of leadership, and in particular the ethical leadership. Also, the role of the leader is important, their education, their skills, and their influence.The need for ethical leadership in systems engineering is essential to be highlighted. The Code of Ethics of INCOSE and the Handbook do not merge the concept of leadership and ethics. That is why it is vital to show the need for alignment among both documents in terms of ethical leadership. Also, an explicit reference to this concept is needed in both documents because leadership needs to be honest, and ethics is a role to provide it.In this paper, we analyze the definitions found in the current INCOSE Code of Ethics and INCOSE Handbook regarding ethical leadership, its implications, and its application is explained and aligned to the ethical systems engineering idea. Also, examples of ethical behavior will be introduced to explain emergent properties. It will exemplify that applying ethical leadership will work in favor of the development of successful systems.
Does model complexity add value to asset allocation? Evidence from machine learning forecasting models
Authors: Kynigakis Iason , Panopoulou Ekaterini 
Published: October 2021

SummaryThis study evaluates the benefits of integrating return forecasts from a variety of machine learning and forecast combination methods into an out‐of‐sample asset allocation framework. The economic evaluation of the forecasts shows that model complexity translates to improved results in the majority of cases considered, with shrinkage methods and shallow neural networks generating the highest individual performance. Overall, an investor would consistently realize superior out‐of‐sample gains by incorporating forecast combinations of machine learning models in the portfolio formation process.
A Validated Risk Prediction Model for Bone Fragility in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Verwaaijen Emma J. , Ma Jinhui , de Groot-Kruseman Hester A. , Pieters Rob , van der Sluis Inge M. , van Atteveld Jenneke E. , Halton Jacqueline , Fernandez Conrad V. , Hartman Annelies , de Jonge Robert , Lequin Maarten H. , te Winkel Mariël L. , Alos Nathalie , Atkinson Stephanie A. , Barr Ronald , Grant Ronald M. , Hay John , Huber Adam M. , Ho Josephine , Jaremko Jacob , Koujok Khaldoun , Lang Bianca , Matzinger Mary-Ann , Shenouda Nazih , Rauch Frank , Rodd Celia , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , Pluijm Saskia M.F. , Ward Leanne M. ,   The DCOG-ALL9 and Canadian STOPP Consortia
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Although bone fragility may already be present at diagnosis of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), routine performance of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in every child is not universally feasible. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a risk prediction model for low lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS BMD Z-score ≤ −2.0) at diagnosis, as an important indicator for fracture risk and further treatment-related BMD aggravation. Children with ALL (4–18 years), treated according to the Dutch Childhood Oncology Group protocol (DCOG-ALL9; model development; n = 249) and children from the Canadian Steroid-Associated Osteoporosis in the Pediatric Population cohort (STOPP; validation; n = 99) were included in this study. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to develop the prediction model and to confirm the association of low LS BMD at diagnosis with symptomatic fractures during and shortly after cessation of ALL treatment. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess model performance. The prediction model for low LS BMD at diagnosis using weight (β = −0.70) and age (β = −0.10) at diagnosis revealed an AUC of 0.71 (95% CI, 0.63–0.78) in DCOG-ALL9 and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.63–0.84) in STOPP, and resulted in correct identification of 71% of the patients with low LS BMD. We confirmed that low LS BMD at diagnosis is associated with LS BMD at treatment cessation (OR 5.9; 95% CI, 3.2–10.9) and with symptomatic fractures (OR 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3–2.4) that occurred between diagnosis and 12 months following treatment cessation. In meta-analysis, LS BMD at diagnosis (OR 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1–2.4) and the 6-month cumulative glucocorticoid dose (OR 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1–3.2) were associated with fractures that occurred in the first year of treatment. In summary, a prediction model for identifying pediatric ALL patients with low LS BMD at diagnosis, as an important indicator for bone fragility, was successfully developed and validated. This can facilitate identification of future bone fragility in individual pediatric ALL patients. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Understanding help‐seeking in rural counties: A serial mediation analysis
Authors: Keller Emily M. , Owens Gina P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveRural areas in the Southern United States are characterized by certain cultural values that may delay or prevent mental health service utilization. The present study examined a four‐stage chain of serial mediation where higher levels of general self‐reliance would be related to greater levels of public stigma, which would in turn be related to higher levels of self‐stigma, followed by greater self‐reliance about managing mental health problems, and finally, more negative attitudes toward seeking help from psychologists.MethodCommunity members who lived in rural counties in the Southern United States (N = 783) completed measures of these constructs online.ResultsMediation analyses supported a direct association between general self‐reliance and attitudes toward help‐seeking that was explained in serial by higher levels of public stigma, self‐stigma, and mental health self‐reliance.ConclusionsClinical implications for rural practitioners are suggested including instilling policy changes, increasing provider visibility, and addressing barriers in therapy.
Household caregivers' knowledge and control of helminthiasis in preschool children in a rural community of Enugu state, Nigeria
Authors: Ugwunna Nwachukwu Chinedu , Ede Moses Onyemaechi , Okeke Chinedu Ifedi , Onuorah Adaorah Rapuluchukwu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHelminthiasis causes iron deficiency anemia, pica, growth, and mental retardation in children. Deworming exercises are being included as part of various interventional programs to reduce the disease burden. However, the success or failure of such activities in terms of household caregivers’ knowledge and practice of deworming is not usually adequately evaluated, thus this study. This was a cross‐sectional descriptive study carried out in the rural community of Enugu State, Nigeria. Pretested semi‐structured interviewer‐administered questionnaire was used. Inferential statistics, χ2 test, and t‐test were also used in the analysis for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. A total of 294 preschool children and 250 caregivers were studied. Among the caregivers, 212 (71.9%) had good knowledge and 149 (50.5%) had good practice of deworming. There was a statistically significant association between the age of respondents and knowledge score (χ2 = 6.471, p = 0.039) and between the educational level of respondents and practice score (χ2 = 30.632, p < 0.001). Most respondents in the rural community had a good knowledge of worm infestation and only half had good practice of deworming. Also, there was a significant difference between the age of respondents and knowledge of helminthiasis and between the educational level of respondents and deworming activities of respondents.
Difference in sarcopenia characteristics associated with physical activity and disability incidences in older adults
Authors: Chiba Ippei , Lee Sangyoon , Bae Seongryu , Makino Keitaro , Shinkai Yohei , Katayama Osamu , Harada Kenji , Takayanagi Naoto , Shimada Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundDeteriorated skeletal muscle condition, including sarcopenia, is a risk factor for disability in older adults. Promoting physical activity is a useful treatment for sarcopenia. However, optimal intensity of physical activity according to sarcopenia characteristics is unclear.MethodsThis longitudinal cohort study enrolled 2149 community‐dwelling older adults (women 55.7%, mean age: 75.5 ± 4.0 years). Five‐year disability incidence defined by Japanese long‐term care insurance certification and accelerometer‐measured physical activities (light‐intensity physical activity [LPA] and moderate‐to‐vigorous intensity physical activity [MVPA]), which were adjusted for potential confounders, was analysed using cox‐proportional hazard model stratified by sarcopenia characteristics based on the diagnostic algorithm by the Asian working group for sarcopenia (robust, low physical function, low muscle mass, and sarcopenia). The sarcopenia group was defined as low muscle mass and low physical function (weakness and/or slowness). The low muscle mass and low physical function groups were each defined by these characteristics alone. Muscle mass was analysed via bioelectrical impedance analysis. Each intensity of physical activity times was divided by median values.ResultsThe disability incidence rate was 15.4%, excluding those who could not be followed up. Mean LPA times were 43.8 ± 18.0, 45.6 ± 17.5, 45.4 ± 16.6, 40.8 ± 18.6, and 41.4 ± 18.5 min/day and MVPA times were 24.6 ± 17.6, 26.3 ± 18.3, 27.2 ± 17.3, 21.6 ± 16.3, and 21.5 ± 16.4 min/day in all participants, the robust, low muscle mass, low physical function, and sarcopenia groups, respectively. For all participants, higher MVPA was associated with disability incidence [hazard ratios (HR), 0.63; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.49–0.81; P < 0.001], whereas higher LPA showed no association (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.68–1.10; P = 0.22). Higher LPA was associated in the sarcopenia group (HR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.15–0.85; P = 0.019), and MVPA was associated in the robust (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39–0.87; P = 0.008) and low physical function (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.45–0.98; P = 0.040) groups. Both LPA and MVPA showed no association in the low muscle mass group. The P values for interactions between sarcopenia characteristics and physical activity were 0.017 for LPA and 0.014 for MVPA.ConclusionsThe LPA was associated with a lower risk of disability in older adults with sarcopenia, whereas MVPA was associated in subjects with robust and low physical function. Our findings indicate a need for individualized approaches to prevent disability based on muscle condition.