bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
eRegCom—Quality Improvement Dashboard for healthcare providers and Targeted Client Communication to pregnant women using data from an electronic health registry to improve attendance and quality of antenatal care: study protocol for a multi-arm cluster randomized trial
Authors: Mørkrid Kjersti , Bogale Binyam , Abbas Eatimad , Abu Khader Khadija , Abu Ward Itimad , Attalh Amjad , Awwad Tamara , Baniode Mohammad , Frost Kimberly Suzanne , Frost Michael James , Ghanem Buthaina , Hijaz Taghreed , Isbeih Mervett , Issawi Sally , Nazzal Zaher A. S. , O’Donnell Brian , Qaddomi Sharif E. , Rabah Yousef , Venkateswaran Mahima , Frøen J. Frederik 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
This trial evaluates interventions that utilize data entered at point-of-care in the Palestinian maternal and child eRegistry to generate Quality Improvement Dashboards (QID) for healthcare providers and Targeted Client Communication (TCC) via short message service (SMS) to clients. The aim is to assess the effectiveness of the automated communication strategies from the eRegistry on improving attendance and quality of care for pregnant women.

Methods
This four-arm cluster randomized controlled trial will be conducted in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, Palestine, and includes 138 clusters (primary healthcare clinics) enrolling from 45 to 3000 pregnancies per year. The intervention tools are the QID and the TCC via SMS, automated from the eRegistry built on the District Health Information Software 2 (DHIS2) Tracker. The primary outcomes are appropriate screening and management of anemia, hypertension, and diabetes during pregnancy and timely attendance to antenatal care. Primary analysis, at the individual level taking the design effect of the clustering into account, will be done as intention-to-treat.

Discussion
This trial, embedded in the implementation of the eRegistry in Palestine, will inform the use of digital health interventions as a health systems strengthening approach.

Trial registration
ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN10520687. Registered on 18 October 2018
Navigate: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of an online treatment decision aid for men with low-risk prostate cancer and their partners
Authors: Schofield Penelope , Gough Karla , Hyatt Amelia , White Alan , Frydenberg Mark , Chambers Suzanne , Gordon Louisa G. , Gardiner Robert , Murphy Declan G. , Cavedon Lawrence , Richards Natalie , Murphy Barbara , Quinn Stephen , Juraskova Ilona 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Active surveillance (AS) is the disease management option of choice for low-risk prostate cancer. Despite this, men with low-risk prostate cancer (LRPC) find management decisions distressing and confusing. We developed Navigate, an online decision aid to help men and their partners make management decisions consistent with their values. The aims are to evaluate the impact of Navigate on uptake of AS; decision-making preparedness; decisional conflict, regret and satisfaction; quality of illness communication; and prostate cancer-specific quality of life and anxiety. In addition, the healthcare cost impact, cost-effectiveness and patterns of use of Navigate will be assessed. This paper describes the study protocol.

Methods
Three hundred four men and their partners are randomly assigned one-to-one to Navigate or to the control arm. Randomisation is electronically generated and stratified by site. Navigate is an online decision aid that presents up-to-date, unbiased information on LRPC tailored to Australian men and their partners including each management option and potential side-effects, and an interactive values clarification exercise. Participants in the control arm will be directed to the website of Australia’s peak national body for prostate cancer. Eligible patients will be men within 3 months of being diagnosed with LRPC, aged 18 years or older, and who are yet to make a treatment decision, who are deemed eligible for AS by their treating clinician and who have Internet access and sufficient English to participate. The primary outcome is self-reported uptake of AS as the first-line management option. Secondary outcomes include self-reported preparedness for decision-making; decisional conflict, regret and satisfaction; quality of illness communication; and prostate cancer-specific quality of life. Uptake of AS 1 month after consent will be determined through patient self-report. Men and their partners will complete study outcome measures before randomisation and 1, 3 and 6 months after study consent.

Discussion
The Navigate online decision aid has the potential to increase the choice of AS in LRPC, avoiding or delaying unnecessary radical treatments and associated side effects. In addition, Navigate is likely to reduce patients’ and partners’ confusion and distress in management decision-making and increase their quality of life.

Trial registration
Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12616001665426. Registered on 2 December 2016. All items from the WHO Trial Registration Data set can be found in this manuscript.
Effective treatment of osmotic demyelination syndrome with plasmapheresis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Wijayabandara Maheshi , Appuhamy Shenal , Weerathunga Praveen , Chang Thashi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundTreatment options for chronic osmotic demyelination syndrome are limited to case reports and only a very few show complete recovery. We report a case of complete recovery of chronic osmotic demyelination syndrome with plasmapheresis.Case presentationA 43-year-old Sri Lankan man presented with fever, repeated vomiting, unsteady gait, increased tonicity of his right upper limb and paucity of speech for three days. He was treated in the local hospital with antibiotics and antivirals as per central nervous system infection. He had hyponatraemia, which was rapidly corrected with hypertonic saline from 97 to 119 mmol/L. He was transferred to our hospital because of progressive reduction of consciousness, rapidly worsening rigidity and bradykinesia of all four limbs and worsening dysarthria and bradyphrenia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was compatible with osmotic demyelination syndrome. He was commenced on plasmapheresis twenty-two days after rapid correction of sodium. He regained independent mobility with complete resolution of rigidity, bradykinesia and speech dysfunction after five cycles of alternate day plasmapheresis.ConclusionPlasmapheresis can be considered as an effective treatment modality in chronic osmotic demyelination syndrome.
Substructure-based neural machine translation for retrosynthetic prediction
Authors: Ucak Umit V. , Kang Taek , Ko Junsu , Lee Juyong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWith the rapid improvement of machine translation approaches, neural machine translation has started to play an important role in retrosynthesis planning, which finds reasonable synthetic pathways for a target molecule. Previous studies showed that utilizing the sequence-to-sequence frameworks of neural machine translation is a promising approach to tackle the retrosynthetic planning problem. In this work, we recast the retrosynthetic planning problem as a language translation problem using a template-free sequence-to-sequence model. The model is trained in an end-to-end and a fully data-driven fashion. Unlike previous models translating the SMILES strings of reactants and products, we introduced a new way of representing a chemical reaction based on molecular fragments. It is demonstrated that the new approach yields better prediction results than current state-of-the-art computational methods. The new approach resolves the major drawbacks of existing retrosynthetic methods such as generating invalid SMILES strings. Specifically, our approach predicts highly similar reactant molecules with an accuracy of 57.7%. In addition, our method yields more robust predictions than existing methods.
Development of Chinese chestnut whiskey: yeast strains isolation, fermentation system optimization, and scale-up fermentation
Authors: Li Wanzhen , Shi Cuie , Guang Jiaquan , Ge Fei , Yan Shoubao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this study, we used Chinese chestnut as the main raw material to develop a novel type of whiskey. First, 16 yeasts were isolated and identified for producing aroma using olfactory plate assay. Of these, we screened nine yeast strains based on their fermentation capacity, aroma profile, and sensory evaluation. The results demonstrated the combination of strains HN006 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and HN010 (Wickerhamomyces anomalus) provided satisfactory wine fermentation with an interesting flavor profile, as strain HN010 was highly aromatic and had elevated sensory scores with comparatively low ethanol yield, while strain HN006 had a poor flavor profile but produced the largest amount of ethanol. Subsequently, we co-cultured strains HN006 and HN010 to optimize the fermentation system. The results revealed the following optimum parameters: a mixed inoculum of 6% (v/v) at an HN006/HN010 ratio of 1:2 (v/v), a raw material ratio of 5:3:2 (chestnut: malt: glutinous rice), and yeast extract concentration of 6 g/L. Additionally, this fermentation system was successfully scaled-up to a 1000 L pilot-scale system. The results of this study showed that strains HN006 and HN010 could be used as alternatives for whiskey fermentation, as well as provided a generalized experimental scheme to assess other microorganisms.
Theories of change for e-health interventions targeting HIV/STIs and sexual risk, substance use and mental ill health amongst men who have sex with men: systematic review and synthesis
Authors: Meiksin Rebecca , Melendez-Torres G. J. , Falconer Jane , Witzel T. Charles , Weatherburn Peter , Bonell Chris 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Sexual risk, substance use, and mental ill health constitute a syndemic of co-occurring, mutually reinforcing epidemics amongst men who have sex with men (MSM). Developed since 1995, e-health interventions offer accessible, anonymous support and can be effective in addressing these outcomes, suggesting the potential value of developing e-health interventions that address these simultaneously amongst MSM. We conducted a systematic review of e-health interventions addressing one or more of these outcomes amongst MSM and in this paper describe the theories of change underpinning relevant interventions, what these offer and how they might complement each other.

Methods
We identified eligible reports via expert requests, reference-checking and database and Google searches. Results were screened for reports published in 1995 or later; focused on MSM; reporting on e-health interventions providing ongoing support to prevent HIV/STIs, sexual risk behaviour, substance use, anxiety or depression; and describing intervention theories of change. Reviewers assessed report quality, extracted intervention and theory of change data, and developed a novel method of synthesis using diagrammatic representations of theories of change.

Results
Thirty-three reports on 22 intervention theories of change were included, largely of low/medium-quality. Inductively grouping these theories according to their core constructs, we identified three distinct groupings of theorised pathways. In the largest, the ‘cognitive/skills’ grouping, interventions provide information and activities which are theorised to influence behaviour via motivation/intention and self-efficacy/perceived control. In the ‘self-monitoring’ grouping, interventions are theorised to trigger reflection, self-reward/critique and self-regulation. In the ‘cognitive therapy’ grouping, the theory of change is rooted in cognitive therapy techniques, aiming to reframe negative emotions to improve mental health.

Conclusions
The synthesised theories of change provide a framework for developing e-health interventions that might holistically address syndemic health problems amongst MSM. Improving reporting on theories of change in primary studies of e-health interventions would enable a better understanding of how they are intended to work and the evidence supporting this. The novel diagrammatic method of theory of change synthesis used here could be used for future reviews where interventions are driven by existing well-defined behaviour and behaviour change theories.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42018110317
Structural stigma and its impact on healthcare for consumers with borderline personality disorder: protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Klein Pauline , Fairweather Alicia Kate , Lawn Sharon , Stallman Helen Margaret , Cammell Paul 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Structural stigma in health systems experienced by consumers diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a widespread phenomenon that causes major health inequities and harm for this population. Structural stigma in this context relates to institutional policies, cultural norms, and organizational practices that limit consumers’ access to health services, quality of care, and capacity to achieve optimal health and well-being. BPD is a serious mental illness with high morbidity and mortality, characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and emotional and behavioral deregulation, which stem from significant traumatic childhood/life events, and/or biological etiologies. The objectives of this scoping review are to explore the international literature on structural stigma in healthcare systems specific to BPD, and to provide an overview of the impact of structural stigma on health services for BPD consumers and their carers/families.

Methods
This scoping review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review guidelines. We will search the following electronic databases (from inception onwards): MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and JBI-Evidence databases. Grey literature will be identified through the Google search engine. We will include all types of literature in English, published and unpublished, including any study design, reviews, clinical practice guidelines, policy reports, and other documents. No restrictions on publication date of sources of evidence will be applied. International literature should examine structural stigma associated with BPD in any healthcare setting such as, outpatients, inpatients, primary health care, or community-based facilities. Two reviewers will independently screen all titles, abstracts, and full-text citations. Quality appraisal of the included sources of evidence will be assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) 2018 version. Data analysis will involve quantitative (e.g., frequencies) and qualitative (e.g., thematic analysis) methods.

Discussion
This review is anticipated to enhance both identification and understanding of those structures in health systems (i.e., institutional policies, cultural norms, and practices) that manifest and perpetuate stigma experienced by consumers with BPD and their carers/families. The findings can be used to inform future research, policy, and practice relating to stigma reduction strategies that can be adopted to improve the provision of BPD-responsive services and care for this population.

Systematic review registration
Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/bhpg4).
Riemann–Liouville fractional stochastic evolution equations driven by both Wiener process and fractional Brownian motion
Authors: Yang Min , Gu Haibo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article is devoted to the study of the existence and uniqueness of mild solution to a class of Riemann–Liouville fractional stochastic evolution equations driven by both Wiener process and fractional Brownian motion. Our results are obtained by using fractional calculus, stochastic analysis, and the fixed-point technique. Moreover, an example is provided to illustrate the application of the obtained abstract results.
An efficient numerical scheme based on Lucas polynomials for the study of multidimensional Burgers-type equations
Authors: Ali Ihteram , Haq Sirajul , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe propose a polynomial-based numerical scheme for solving some important nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs). In the proposed technique, the temporal part is discretized by finite difference method together withθ-weighted scheme. Then, for the approximation of spatial part of unknown function and its spatial derivatives, we use a mixed approach based on Lucas and Fibonacci polynomials. With the help of these approximations, we transform the nonlinear partial differential equation to a system of algebraic equations, which can be easily handled. We test the performance of the method on the generalized Burgers–Huxley and Burgers–Fisher equations, and one- and two-dimensional coupled Burgers equations. To compare the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed scheme, we computed$L_{\infty }$L∞,$L_{2}$L2, and root mean square (RMS) error norms. Computations validate that the proposed method produces better results than other numerical methods. We also discussed and confirmed the stability of the technique.
A threshold hybrid encryption method for integrity audit without trusted center
Authors: Chen Yange , Liu Hequn , Wang Baocang , Sonompil Baljinnyam , Ping Yuan , Zhang Zhili 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCloud storage with sharing services is increasingly popular among data owners. However, it is difficult for the users to know if the cloud server providers (CSPs) indeed protect their data. To verify data integrity and preserve data and key privacy in the group, this paper proposes a new threshold hybrid encryption for integrity auditing method without trusted center. The proposed method is developed based on the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and the Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) with Shamir secret sharing. In this way, the key can be distributed and managed without trusted center, preserving the privacy of the key of the AES and users’ private key. Besides, we design and implement a novel integrity auditing and re-signature method which verifies the data integrity and solves the collusion question of the cloud and the revoked users. Security analysis and performance evaluation demonstrate that the proposed scheme realizes the correctness, security, and efficiency with a low communication and computation cost.
Large-diameter trees, snags, and deadwood in southern Utah, USA
Authors: Lutz James A. , Struckman Soren , Furniss Tucker J. , Birch Joseph D. , Yocom Larissa L. , McAvoy Darren J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe epidemicDendroctonus rufipennis(spruce beetle) outbreak in the subalpine forests of the Colorado Plateau in the 1990s killed most largerPicea engelmannii(Engelmann spruce) trees. One quarter century later, the larger snags are beginning to fall, transitioning to deadwood (down woody debris) where they may influence fire behavior, regeneration, and habitat structure.MethodsWe tracked all fallen trees ≥ 1 cm in diameter at breast height (1.37-m high) and mapped all pieces of deadwood ≥ 10-cm diameter and ≥ 1 m in length within 13.64 ha of a high-elevation mixed-species forest in thePicea–Abieszone annually for 5 years from 2015 through 2019. We examined the relative contribution ofPicea engelmanniito snag and deadwood pools relative to other species and the relative contributions of large-diameter trees (≥ 33.2 cm at this subalpine site). We compared spatially explicit mapping of deadwood to traditional measures of surface fuels and introduce a new method for approximating vertical distribution of deadwood.ResultsIn this mixed-species forest, there was relatively high density and basal area of livePicea engelmannii20 years after the beetle outbreak (36 trees ha−1and 1.94 m2 ha−1 ≥ 10-cm diameter) contrasting with the near total mortality of maturePiceain forests nearby. Wood from tree boles ≥ 10-cm diameter on the ground had biomass of 42 Mg ha−1, 7 Mg ha−1ofPicea engelmannii, and 35 Mg ha−1of other species. Total live aboveground biomass was 119 Mg ha−1, while snag biomass was 36 Mg ha−1. Mean total fuel loading measured with planar transects was 63 Mg ha−1but varied more than three orders of magnitude (0.1 to 257 Mg ha−1). Planar transects recorded 32 Mg ha−1of wood ≥ 7.62-cm diameter compared to the 42 Mg ha−1of wood ≥ 10-cm diameter recorded by explicit mapping. Multiple pieces of deadwood were often stacked, forming a vertical structure likely to contribute to active fire behavior.ConclusionBark beetle mortality in the 1990s has madePiceaan important local constituent of deadwood at 20-m scales, but other species dominate total deadwood due to slow decomposition rates and the multi-centennial intervals between fires. Explicit measurements of deadwood and surface fuels improve ecological insights into biomass heterogeneity and potential fire behavior.
From innovation-as-usual towards unusual innovation: using nature as an inspiration
Authors: Ulhøi John P. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInnovation-as-usual employs synthetic input as the key source of inspiration to bring about innovations, whereas unusual innovation is inspired by designs in nature. The use of nature as a key stimulus for innovation represents a fundamental shift in management and business studies. It involves the translation of natural designs into cross-domain and ad hoc synthetic designs. This paper examines and discusses the phenomenon of biomimetics and different examples of its application. Efficient translation of biomimetics involves the critical processes of exploration, explanation and exploitation. This paper discusses a practical case of biomimetic translation and identifies some critical and greatly understudied translational processes. The paper proposes techniques to correct existing translational imperfections and to establish theoretical bridging points to responsible management practices. Before concluding, research and managerial implications are briefly addressed.