bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Detection of Prolonged Decreases in Maximal Voluntary Contraction Force after Eccentric Exercise of the Knee Extensors
Authors: RUAS CASSIO V. , LATELLA CHRISTOPHER , TAYLOR JANET L. , HAFF G. GREGORY , NOSAKA KAZUNORI 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT

Purpose
We examined whether the magnitude of muscle damage indicated by changes in maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) strength 1 to 3 d after unaccustomed eccentric exercise (ECC) was correlated with changes in central and peripheral neuromuscular parameters immediately post-ECC.

Methods
Twenty participants (19–36 yr) performed six sets of eight eccentric contractions of the knee extensors. Rate of force development (RFD) during knee extensor MVIC, twitch force, rate of force development (RFDRT) and rate of relaxation (RRRT) of the resting twitch, maximal M-wave (MMAX), voluntary activation, silent period duration, motor-evoked potentials (MEP) and short-interval intracortical inhibition were assessed before, immediately after, and 1 to 3 d post-ECC. Relationships between changes in these variables immediately post-ECC and changes in MVIC strength at 1 to 3 d post-ECC were examined by Pearson product–moment (r) or Spearman correlations.

Results
Maximal voluntary isometric contraction strength decreased (−22.2% ± 18.4%) immediately postexercise, and remained below baseline at 1 (−16.3% ± 15.2%), 2 (−14.7% ± 13.2%) and 3 d post-ECC (−8.6% ± 15.7%). Immediately post-ECC, RFD (0–30-ms: −38.3% ± 31.4%), twitch force (−45.9% ± 22.4%), RFDRT (−32.5% ± 40.7%), RRRT (−38.0% ± 39.7%), voluntary activation (−21.4% ± 16.5%) and MEP/MMAX at rest (−42.5% ± 23.3%) also decreased, whereas the silent period duration at 10%-MVIC increased by 26.0% ± 12.2% (P < 0.05). Decreases in RFD at 0 to 30 ms, 0 to 50 ms, and 0 to 100 ms immediately post-ECC were correlated (P < 0.05) with changes in MVIC strength at 1 d (r = 0.56–0.60) and 2 d post-ECC (r = 0.53–0.63). Changes in MEP/MMAX at 10%-MVIC immediately post-ECC were correlated with changes in MVIC strength at 1 d (r = −0.53) and 2 d (r = −0.54) post-ECC (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
The magnitude of decrease in MVIC strength at 1 to 3 d after ECC was associated with the magnitude of changes in RFD and MEP/MMAX immediately post-ECC. However, based on individual data, these markers were not sensitive for the practical detection of muscle damage.
Fabrication and characterisation of a wound dressing composed of polyvinyl alcohol and quince seed mucilage
Authors: Jafari Mahshid , Baniasadi Hossein , Rezvanpour Alireza , Lotfi Marzieh 
Published: October 2021

Objective: Providing a suitable environment to improve the healing process is the main target of wound dressing that also protects the wound from additional harms. In the present study, fabrication and characterisation of a new kind of electrospun wound dressing composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and quince seed mucilage (QSM) is reported. Method: QSM was extracted from quince seeds, purified, freeze-dried and used to produce aqueous solutions containing different amounts of PVA and QSM. The wound dressings were fabricated via the electrospinning method and their characteristics were investigated with scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, tensile and swelling test, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) cytotoxicity assay against fibroblast cells. Results: SEM images confirmed that proper, uniform, non-oriented nanofibres with an average diameter in the range of 60–240nm, depending on the QSM content had been fabricated. The tensile test showed that with increasing QSM content, the tensile strength of fibre increased while elongation at break was decreased, which was consistent with SEM images where the diameter of samples decreased by increasing QSM content. MTT assay showed significant biocompatibility against fibroblast cells; however, it was increased by increased QSM proportion. In addition, SEM images supported the proper adhesion of fibroblast cells on the sample one day after culturing. Conclusion: Overall, the findings of the current study support the potential of PVA/QSM nanofibres as a proper candidate for biomedical applications, especially as a wound dressing.
The effects of kiwifruit dressing on hypertrophic scars in a rabbit ear model
Authors: Mousavizadeh Seyed Mehdi , Torbati Peyman Mohammadi , Daryani Amir 
Published: October 2021

Aims:Hypertrophic scars show abnormal responses during healing. These scars, associated with dysregulated growth and excessive collagen formation, can have both functional and cosmetic consequences for patients. The present study evaluated the effects of kiwifruit on hypertrophic scars in a rabbit ear model.Methods:This study included 13 New Zealand albino rabbits with full thickness wounds down to the cartilage (four wounds per ear; total: 104 scars). Sixteen days after initial wound formation, one ear of each rabbit was treated with daily kiwifruit dressing, while the other ear (control group) was dressed after normal saline irrigation for 10 days. Harvested skin samples were examined for histopathological, morphometric and immunohistochemical results.Results:In comparison with the control group, early kiwifruit dressing significantly reduced the scar elevation index, fibroblast count and dermal collagen organisation. The ratio of collagen type III to total collagen immunoreactivity, inflammation and dermal capillary count increased significantly in the treated group, compared to the untreated controls.Conclusion:Based on the findings, early kiwifruit dressing improved the histological features of cutaneous wounds in rabbits. Therefore, this approach may be effective in clinical practice.
Modular component exchange and outcome of DAIR for hip and knee periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Gerritsen Maxime , Khawar Abdullah , Scheper Henk , van der Wal Robert , Schoones Jan , de Boer Mark , Nelissen Rob , Pijls Bart 
Published: October 2021

Aims The aim of this meta-analysis is to assess the association between exchange of modular parts in debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR) procedure and outcomes for hip and knee periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Methods We conducted a systematic search on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane library from inception until May 2021. Random effects meta-analyses and meta-regression was used to estimate, on a study level, the success rate of DAIR related to component exchange. Risk of bias was appraised using the (AQUILA) checklist. Results We included 65 studies comprising 6,630 patients. The pooled overall success after DAIR for PJI was 67% (95% confidence interval (CI) 63% to 70%). This was 70% (95% CI 65% to 75%) for DAIR for hip PJI and 63% (95% CI 58% to 69%) for knee PJI. In studies before 2004 (n = 27), our meta-regression analysis showed a 3.5% increase in success rates for each 10% increase in component exchange in DAIR for hip PJI and a 3.1% increase for each 10% increase in component exchange for knee PJI. When restricted to studies after 2004 (n = 37), this association changed: for DAIR for hip PJI a decrease in successful outcome by 0.5% for each 10% increase in component exchange and for DAIR for knee PJI this was a 0.01% increase in successful outcome for each 10% increase in component exchange. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-regression found no benefit of modular component exchange on reduction of PJI failure. This limited effect should be weighed against the risks for the patient and cost on a case-by-case basis. The association between exchange of modular components and outcome changed before and after 2004. This suggests the effect seen after 2004 may reflect a more rigorous, evidence-based, approach to the infected implant compared to the years before. Level of Evidence: Level III Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2021;2(10):806–812.
October 2021 Critical Care Case of the Month: Unexpected Post-Operative Shock
Authors:   University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA, Srinivasan Sharanyah , Kumar Sooraj , Jarrett Benjamin , Campion Janet 
Published: October 2021

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. History of Present Illness: A 55-year-old man with a past medical history significant for endocarditis secondary to intravenous drug use, osteomyelitis of the right lower extremity was admitted for ankle debridement. Pre-operative assessment revealed no acute illness complaints and no significant findings on physical examination except for the ongoing right lower extremity wound. He did well during the approximate one-hour “incision and drainage of the right lower extremity wound”, but became severely hypotensive just after the removal of the tourniquet placed on his right lower extremity. Soon thereafter he experienced pulseless electrical activity (PEA) cardiac arrest and was intubated with return of spontaneous circulation being achieved rapidly after the addition of vasopressors. He remained intubated and on pressors when transferred to the intensive care unit for further management. PMH, PSH, SH, and FH: •	S/P Right lower extremity incision and drainage for suspected osteomyelitis as above •	Distant history of endocarditis related …
Thickness measurement method for self-supporting film with double chromatic confocal probes
Authors: Li Jiafu , Zhu Xiaoping , Du Hua , Ji Zhengchao , Wang Kai , Zhao Mo 
Published: October 2021

With the randomness and immeasurability properties of zero point, the conventional
self-supporting film thickness measurement model must calibrate the
distance between two chromatic confocal sensors using a standard part
whose thickness needs to be measured by other methods in advance. The
measurement performance is easily disturbed by the calibration
process, and by the accuracy of sample thickness or its uniformity. In
order to overcome these limitations, a new thickness measurement model
was developed by adding an auxiliary transparent film in the initial
position of the dispersion field. The lower plane of the reference
film is not only applied as the zero point of the first sensor but
also can be measured by another sensor, whose value is equal to the
sensor distance. Theoretical analysis and simulation showed that the
proposed method does not change the linear relationship of the
displacement coefficient. In order to verify the proposed measurement
model, a laboratory thickness measurement system was developed based
on two commercial chromatic confocal sensors with a displacement
accuracy less than 0.2 µm. A set of self-supporting film was measured
using the proposed system, the traditional method, and the reference
system. These experiments indicated that the standard deviation of the
calibration results of the sensor distance based on the proposed
method was reduced to 0.1 µm, which can be concluded that its
stability was improved significantly compared to the conventional
model. In addition, the proposed method was able to achieve a
measurement accuracy of 0.4 µm, which can demonstrate its efficiency
and practicability.
Induction of mitochondria mediated apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cells by folic acid coated tin oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Hanna Demiana H. , R. Saad Gamal 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This study aims to prepare folic acid coated tin oxide nanoparticles (FA-SnO2 NPs) for specifically targeting human ovarian cancer cells with minimum side effects against normal cells.

Methods
The prepared FA-SnO2 NPs were characterized by FT-IR, UV-vis spectroscopy, XRD, SEM and TEM. The inhibition effects of FA-SnO2 NPs against SKOV3 cancer cell were tested by MTT and LDH assay. Apoptosis induction in FA-SnO2 NPs treated SKOV3 cells were investigated using Annexin V/PI, AO/EB and Comet assays and the possible mechanisms of the cytotoxic action were studied by Flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, Immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting analyses. The effects of FA-SnO2 NPs on reactive oxygen species generation in SKOV3 cells were also examined. Additionally, the safety of utilization FA-SnO2 NPs were studied in vivo using Wister rats.

Results
The obtained FA-SnO2 NPs displayed amorphous spherical morphology with an average diameter of 157 nm and a zeta potential value of -24 mV. Comparing to uncoated SnO2 NPs, FA-SnO2 NPs had a superior inhibition effect towards SKOV3 cell growth that was suggested to be mediated through higher reactive oxygen species generation. It was showed that FA-SnO2 NPs increased significantly the % of apoptotic cells in the sub- G1 and G2/M phases with a higher intensity comet nucleus in SKOV3 treated cells. Furthermore, FA-SnO2 NPs was significantly increased the expression levels of P53, Bax, and cleaved Caspase-3 and accompanied with a significant decrease of Bcl-2 in the treated SKOV3 cells.

Conclusion
Overall, the results suggested that an increase in cellular FA-SnO2 NPs internalization resulted in a significant induced cytotoxicity in SKOV3 cancer cells in dose-dependent mode through ROS-mediated cell apoptosis that may have occurred through mitochondrial pathway. Additionally, the results confirmed the safety of utilization FA-SnO2 NPs against living systems. So, FA-SnO2 NPs with a specific targeting moiety may be a promising therapeutic candidate for human ovarian cancer.
El Movimiento Europeo y las asociaciones juveniles: de los orígenes de la relación a la Campaña Europea de la Juventud (1948-1958)
Authors: Martín de la Guardia Ricardo , Pérez Sánchez Guillermo Á. 
Published: October 2021

La actividad en pro del europeísmo por parte de los responsables del Movimiento europeo en los años de la inmediata posguerra fue constante. En estos primeros momentos del proceso de integración europea el interés por difundir entre la nuevas generaciones de europeos los valores de la integración económica y política (estrechamente relacionados con la educación y la cultura) condujeron hasta la organización de la Campaña Europea de la Juventud», desarrollada a lo largo de buena parte de la década de los cincuenta. El origen de la iniciativa surgió de los contactos establecidos en los últimos años cuarenta –después de la celebración del Congreso de La Haya– entre personalidades comprometidas con el ideal europeísta y las agrupaciones juveniles. En definitiva, el vasto programa diseñado tenía como objetivo crear en la juventud una conciencia europeísta y lograr su apoyo para las embrionarias instituciones de integración
Gastric Cancer Risk of Intestinal Metaplasia Subtypes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
Authors: Du Sijing , Yang Yang , Fang Shuangshuang , Guo Song , Xu Chuchu , Zhang Ping , Wei Wei 
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is an independent risk factor for gastric cancer (GC). However, the subtypes of IM as a risk factor for GC remain controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between IM subtypes and GC risk.

METHODS:
Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for published cohort studies of patients with complete IM (type I) or incomplete IM (type II or type III) from inception to May 15, 2021. We extracted relevant data and calculated pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing the GC risk with IM subtypes.

RESULTS:
Twelve cohort studies comprising 6,498 individuals were included in the study. Compared with complete IM, the pooled relative risk of GC risk of patients with incomplete IM was 5.16 (95% CI, 3.28–8.12), and the GC risk of type III IM was the highest, with a pooled relative risk of 2.88 (95% CI, 1.37–6.04) compared with that of type II. Compared with complete IM, the pooled relative risk of dysplasia risk in patients with incomplete IM was 3.72 (95% CI, 1.42–9.72), and the dysplasia risk of type III IM was 11.73 (95% CI, 2.08–66.08) compared with that of type I.

DISCUSSION:
Patients with incomplete IM, especially type III, were at a higher risk of GC and dysplasia than those with complete IM. The current evidence indicates a potential correlation between IM subtypes and GC risk, which may support the use of IM subtypes in GC surveillance.
„Změna hrou“: výzva k podávání příspěvků do zvláštního čísla
Authors: Dlouhá Jana 
Published: October 2021

Konference související s výzvou
Tuto výzvu otevíráme v souvislosti s 11. Světovým kongresem o environmentální výchově (s podtitulem Stavíme mosty v době klimatické nouze), který se bude konat ve dnech 14.–18. března 2022 v Praze – viz webové stránky konference.
Obsah příspěvků
V tomto zvláštním čísle chceme shromáždit doklady o úloze hry a spontánních aktivit při rozvíjení environmentální vnímavosti, podpoře empatie, a pěstování schopností potřebných při plánování a jednání ve prospěch přírody a v zájmu všech členů společnosti. Vítáme příspěvky ukazující, jak v dětech povzbuzovat pozitivní myšlení, učit je chápat různorodost, znovu s nimi objevovat obr azy a narativy, stimulovat vize budoucnosti, pěstovat radost a touhu provázející úsilí o změnu k udržitelnému životu. Budeme společně hledat pedagogická východiska a postupy, které pomohou motivovat mladé lidi k tomu, aby si stanovili vlastní cíle a následně se jimi řídili v osobním životě i v rámci profesního působení. Tyto otázky mohou být nahlíženy z několika hledisek: psychologického nebo filozofického (zde vítáme úvahy o tom, jakou úlohu v mentálním a tělesném rozvoji dítěte má možnost volně projevovat myšlenky a emoce v přírodě, a proč je to relevantní a potřebné) a pedagogického (které představí nástroje a metody pro dosažení těchto vzdělávacích cílů, či vhodné prostředí a zapojené aktéry). Texty mohou být založeny na analytickém, hodnotícím přístupu a/nebo reflexi zkušeností z praxe. Souhrnně: kreativní přístup pokládáme za jedno z témat tohoto zvláštního čísla, s ohledem na jeho důležitost při otevírání nových pohledů a podpoře mezioborových interakcí (nejen) ve vzdělávání; může být ale i metodou zpracování – vítáme zde kreativní a inovativní formáty rukopisů a dalších online příspěvků v různých žánrech (videa, ukázky aktivit, online výstavy…).
Jak podat příspěvek:
Jde o výzvu otevřenou pro všechny relevantní příspěvky, včetně těch, které nebudou prezentovány na konferenci WEEC 2022. Autoři mohou svůj návrh podat v období od května 2021 do dubna 2022 prostřednictvím online systému pro on-line odeslání příspěvku do časopisu, nebo e-mailem na adresu Jana Dlouhá, jana.dlouha@czp.cuni.cz. Všechny rukopisy budou zaslány do recenzního řízení a zveřejněny, jakmile bude proces revizí dokončen; pak budou přiděleny do zvláštního čísla. Rukopisy podané po termínu nebo po skončení konference budou připraveny k publikaci v následujícím čísle.
The Spiritual Globe
Authors: Martin John Jeffries 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The Renaissance recovery of Ptolemy’s Geography may have laid the foundations for a scientific cartography, but the new interest in maps, which provided an increasingly sophisticated orientation to the unknown, also opened up a new prophetic space. And the growing knowledge of the globe would engage the religious imagination of many, as salvation moved to a planetary scale and fostered a long-standing desire to bring the entire world and all its peoples under one faith. As a result, spiritual desires themselves contributed to the expansion of cartography. This article traces this emerging apocalyptic cartography not only in Christian but also in Jewish and Islamic contexts. For each tradition, the ultimate goal, deeply felt in the early modern period, was the realization of a Beautiful Ending: the Second Coming of Jesus for the Christians, the arrival of the Messiah for the Jews, and the return of the Mahdi for the Muslims. But, while each tradition drew on similar apocalyptic visions of the End, their dreams of unity were ultimately exclusive. The ideal of the spiritual globe not only united, it also divided the world.
Military Body Composition Standards and Physical Performance: Historical Perspectives and Future Directions
Authors: Harty Patrick S. , Friedl Karl E. , Nindl Bradley C. , Harry John R. , Vellers Heather L. , Tinsley Grant M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Harty, PS, Friedl, KE, Nindl, BC, Harry, JR, Vellers, HL, and Tinsley, GM. Military body composition standards and physical performance: historical perspectives and future directions. J Strength Cond Res 36(12): 3551–3561, 2022—US military physique and body composition standards have been formally used for more than 100 years. These metrics promote appropriate physical fitness, trim appearance, and long-term health habits in soldiers, although many specific aspects of these standards have evolved as evidence-based changes have emerged. Body composition variables have been shown to be related to many physical performance outcomes including aerobic capacity, muscular endurance, strength and power production, and specialized occupational tasks involving heavy lifting and load carriage. Although all these attributes are relevant, individuals seeking to improve military performance should consider emphasizing strength, hypertrophy, and power production as primary training goals, as these traits appear vital to success in the new Army Combat Fitness Test introduced in 2020. This fundamental change in physical training may require an adjustment in body composition standards and methods of measurement as physique changes in modern male and female soldiers. Current research in the field of digital anthropometry (i.e., 3-D body scanning) has the potential to dramatically improve performance prediction algorithms and potentially could be used to inform training interventions. Similarly, height-adjusted body composition metrics such as fat-free mass index might serve to identify normal weight personnel with inadequate muscle mass, allowing for effective targeted nutritional and training interventions. This review provides an overview of the origin and evolution of current US military body composition standards in relation to military physical readiness, summarizes current evidence relating body composition parameters to aspects of physical performance, and discusses issues relevant to the emerging modern male and female warrior.
Evaluation of Current ASTM Standards for ASR Prevention When Fine Lightweight Aggregates Are Used
Authors: Li Chang , Ideker Jason H. , Thomas Michael D. A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Previous research has shown that using fine lightweight aggregate (FLWA) can be a promising strategy to mitigate alkali-silica reaction (ASR) in mortar and concrete. However, limited studies focused on assessing current ASTM standards for their applicability in evaluating the efficacy of ASR mitigation using FLWAs. In this study, three commercially used FLWAs (expanded shale, clay, and slate) were investigated in mortar and concrete mixtures with reactive aggregates of different levels of reactivity. ASTM test methods, including ASTM C289-07, Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Aggregates (Chemical Method) (Withdrawn 2016); ASTM C1260-14, Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Aggregates (Mortar-Bar Method) (Superseded); and ASTM C1293-18, Standard Test Method for Determination of Length Change of Concrete due to Alkali-Silica Reaction (Superseded), were completed. Fine normal-weight aggregates were replaced by the FLWA at 25 % and 50 % by volume in the concrete mixtures, and 25 %, 50 %, and 100 % in mortar mixtures. Results showed that ASTM C1260-14 and ASTM C1293-18 can be used to evaluate the mitigation efficacy when pre-wetted FLWAs were used. The ASTM C289-07 test is not a reliable test method to study the reactivity of the FLWAs, but the results can be used to indicate the alkali-consuming ability of the FLWAs. All three FLWAs were effective in reducing ASR-induced expansion in both ASTM C1260-14 and ASTM C1293-18. The investigated FLWAs were especially effective in the concrete when moderately reactive aggregates, as classified by ASTM C1778-14, Standard Guide for Reducing the Risk of Deleterious Alkali-Aggregate Reaction in Concrete (Superseded), were used. For concrete with a highly reactive aggregate or very highly reactive aggregate, other mitigation strategies may need to be combined with FLWAs to effectively mitigate ASR.