bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilisation of telehealth for outpatient diabetes management during COVID‐19 pandemic: how did the patients fare?
Authors: Wong Vincent W. , Wang Alexandra , Manoharan Manimegalai 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundDuring the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, many outpatient services at public hospitals, including diabetes services, had adopted telehealth appointments for their clinic patients. There was concern that patients' glycaemic control may worsen during the pandemic.AimTo assess glycaemic control of patients with diabetes attending telehealth consultations in 2020, compared to face‐to‐face reviews prior to pandemic.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of patients with diabetes managed by telehealth consultations over 5 months at two metropolitan hospitals in Sydney. Their attendance rate, glycaemic control and unplanned admissions to hospital were assessed, and these were compared with the same period 12 months prior when patients were reviewed via face‐to‐face appointments.ResultsBetween April and September 2020, the attendance rate for telehealth consultation at the diabetes services at the two hospitals was 88.9% (884 out of 994), which was higher than in 2019 (85.2%; 818 out of 959; P = 0.016) when patients attended via face‐to‐face appointments. Of the 629 patients reviewed via telehealth in 2020 and who had been with our service for over 12 months, glycaemic control was better in 2020 (HbA1c 7.8 ± 1.4% (62 ± 15 mmol/mol)) compared with 12 months earlier (8.2 ± 1.7% (66 ± 19 mmol/mol); P < 0.001). There was no difference in the number of unplanned admissions for this cohort in 2020 (n = 58; 9.2%) compared with 2019 (n = 75; 11.9%; P = 0.100).ConclusionsThe present study showed that for patients with diabetes who received care via telehealth consultations during the COVID‐19 lockdown, their glycaemic control was slightly better, and unplanned admission rates were not higher compared with those in the pre‐COVID‐19 period. Telehealth consultation offers an important care delivery option in the management of patients with diabetes under these circumstances.
Telehealth in Australian cardiology: insight into factors predicting the use of telephone versus video during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Rowe Stephanie J. , Paratz Elizabeth D. , Fahy Louise , Prior David L. , MacIsaac Andrew I. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe use of telehealth has increased dramatically in Australia in 2020 as a pragmatic response to the COVID‐19 pandemic; however, differences between telehealth modalities have not been established.AimTo identify characteristics contributing to choosing telephone (TP) versus video consultation (VC) and assess patient outcomes between telehealth modalities.MethodsWe conducted an observational study of cardiology outpatients at a tertiary hospital with appointments from 17 March 2020 to 12 August 2020. Demographic variables and appointment modality were compared between each group. Outcomes assessed were mortality, emergency department (ED) presentations and cross over between appointment modalities.ResultsThere were 1754 telemedicine encounters with 1188 patients seen by TP and 327 patients by VC. Consulting volume increased from previous years. Cardiac mortality was low (0.3%). There were no differences in mortality or ED presentations between telehealth modalities. Patients choosing TP over VC were older (P < 0.001), more likely to be female (P = 0.005), non‐English‐speaking (P = 0.041), living in metropolitan Melbourne (P < 0.0001), undertaking a first appointment (P = 0.002) and seeing particular cardiologists (P < 0.001). VC patients were more likely to have early review (P = 0.015), and this was likely to be TP (P < 0.0001). TP patients were more likely to follow up in person (P < 0.0001).ConclusionDuring COVID‐19, we increased consultation volumes without adverse patient outcomes. We identified factors influencing the choice of telemedicine modality which did not translate into differences in mortality or ED presentations. Telemedicine is a growing platform with an important role of facilitating access to healthcare for diverse patient groups.
Pressure injury prevalence and risk factors in Chinese adult intensive care units: A multi‐centre prospective point prevalence study
Authors: Lin Frances Fengzhi , Liu Yu , Wu Zijing , Li Jing , Ding Yanming , Li Chunyan , Jiang Zhixia , Yang Jing , Wang Kefang , Gao Jie , Li Xiaohan , Xia Xinhua , Liu Hongmei , Li Xinxia , Chen Xiaoyan , Yang Lei , Fang Xiuhua , Zhao Ronghua , Chen Jingfang , Labeau Sonia , Blot Stijn ,   on behalf of the DecubICUs Study China Team, the DecubICUs Study Team, and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) Trials Group Collaborators
Published: July 2021

AbstractDespite increasing preventive efforts, pressure injury still occurs in intensive care patients. This study was aimed to describe pressure injury prevalence, risk factors, and prevention practices in adult intensive care patients. This was a multi‐centre, one‐day, prospective point prevalence study in which a total of 198 intensive care units from 21 provinces in China participated. Overall and ICU‐acquired prevalence in intensive care patients were 12.26% and 4.31%, respectively. Consistent with earlier reports, almost half of the ICU‐acquired pressure injuries were at stage I, one‐fourth were at stage 2, and the most common body sites for pressure injuries were sacral and heel region. Risk factors identified were consistent with prior studies. Repositioning was the most commonly used pressure injury prevention strategy, followed by alternating pressure mattresses/overlays, floating heels, and air‐filled mattresses/overlays. These reflect a good level of adherence to recommended international pressure injury prevention clinical practice guidelines. The results provide a baseline reference for overall and ICU‐acquired prevalence among adult intensive care patients in China. Future research on what contributed to the lower pressure injury incidence in China needs to be conducted to inform healthcare organisations on their future preventive strategies for pressure injury prevention.
Developing a conceptual model of older patients’ decision‐making process in choosing dialysis or conservative care using meta‐ethnography
Authors: Kim Eun Young , Son Youn‐Jung 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimsTo systematically review and synthesize qualitative evidence related to decision‐making for treatment modalities among older adults with end‐stage renal disease.DesignA meta‐synthesis of the qualitative research was conducted.Data sourcesA comprehensive literature review using PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Sciences and Cochrane was systematically conducted. Qualitative studies published in English from January 2010 to October 2020 were considered.Review methodsQualitative studies were systematically identified and critically appraised. Data synthesis was performed independently by two reviewers. This review followed the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research statement.ResultsSeven qualitative studies, with publication years ranging from 2015 to 2019, were included in the analysis. Overall, the review comprised studies with a total of 133 participants aged between 61 and 93 years. Through meta‐synthesis, three themes were identified: ‘reflecting on treatment options’, ‘confronting difficult decisions’ and ‘maintaining hope in everyday life’.ConclusionOur findings reflect that older adults have varying preferences for treatment options. These preferences are influenced by various factors such as considering the possibility of opting for dialysis and the practical applicability of treatment options. The synthesized conceptual model serves as the first step towards the conceptualization of the treatment‐related decision‐making process facilitated by adequate communication, in which patients should be encouraged to speak up, and healthcare providers should listen actively to their patients. This review can provide a strategy for providers to communicate treatment options with older patients with ESRD.ImpactHealthcare providers should be sensitive to older adults’ preferences, priorities and treatment goals related to worrying about burdening their families and their outlook on life before deciding treatment modality. Our findings highlight that shared decision‐making should be tailored to each of the older patients to provide comprehensive and individualized patient‐centred care.
Relationships between dyadic coping, intimate relationship and post‐traumatic growth in patients with breast cancer: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Shi Genya , Shi Tieying , Liu Yu , Cai Yingjie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate the relationships and pathways between dyadic coping, intimate relationship and post‐traumatic growth (PTG) in Chinese patients with breast cancer.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsBetween November 2019 and November 2020, 133 patients with breast cancer who received therapy in tertiary grade‐A hospitals at Dalian, China completed questionnaires including demographic and clinical questionnaires, Locke–Wallace Marriage Adjustment Test, Chinese version of the Dyadic Coping Inventory and Chinese version of the Post‐traumatic Growth Inventory. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the pathways.ResultsDyadic coping was positively interrelated with PTG and intimate relationship (r = .355, p < .01; r = .213, p < .05); intimate relationship was negatively interrelated with PTG (r = −.207, p < .05). The structural equation model demonstrated adequate fit. Dyadic coping and intimate relationship directly affected PTG (β = .469, p < .05; β = −.309, p < .05). Dyadic coping indirectly affected PTG through intimate relationship (β = −.066, p < .05).ConclusionsDyadic coping was a stimulus factor, but intimate relationship was an obstructive factor in enhancing PTG for the Chinese patients with breast cancer. Furthermore, intimate relationship may have significant mediating effects in the link between dyadic coping and PTG. Strategies that improve dyadic coping level and avoid excessive intimacy relationships between couples contribute to the development of PTG among patients with breast cancer.ImpactThe research provides new ideas and intervention entry points for global nurses and psychotherapists so that they can enact and implement targeted PTG intervention plans for patients with breast cancer worldwide.
Students' abilities to evaluate the credibility of online texts: The role of internet‐specific epistemic justifications
Authors: Hämäläinen Elina K. , Kiili Carita , Räikkönen Eija , Marttunen Miika 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPrevious evaluation studies have rarely used authentic online texts and investigated upper secondary school students' use of evaluation criteria and deep reasoning. The associations between internet‐specific epistemic justifications for knowing and credibility evaluation of online texts are not yet fully understood among adolescents. This study investigated upper secondary school students' (N = 372) abilities to evaluate self‐selected authentic online texts and the role of internet‐specific epistemic justifications in students' evaluation performance when solving a health‐related information problem. Students selected three texts with Google Custom Search Engine and evaluated their credibility. Students' evaluation performance across the three texts was determined according to the different aspects evaluated (author, venue, intentions, evidence and corroboration) and the depth of their evaluations. Students also filled in the Internet‐Specific Epistemic Justifications (ISEJ) inventory previously validated with pre‐service teachers. The results revealed considerable differences in students' abilities to evaluate online texts. Students' beliefs in justification by authority and justification by multiple sources positively predicted their evaluation performance similarly in both topics. The findings suggest that the ISEJ inventory is also valid for upper secondary school students. Students should be explicitly taught to evaluate different credibility aspects and scaffolded to deeply engage with online information.
Increased glycolysis in skeletal muscle coordinates with adipose tissue in systemic metabolic homeostasis
Authors: Xiang Cong , Zhang Yannan , Chen Qiaoli , Sun Aina , Peng Yamei , Zhang Guoxin , Zhou Danxia , Xie Yinyin , Hou Xiaoshuang , Zheng Fangfang , Wang Fan , Gan Zhenji , Chen Shuai , Liu Geng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInsulin‐independent glucose metabolism, including anaerobic glycolysis that is promoted in resistance training, plays critical roles in glucose disposal and systemic metabolic regulation. However, the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood. In this study, through genetically manipulating the glycolytic process by overexpressing human glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), hexokinase 2 (HK2) and 6‐phosphofructo‐2‐kinase‐fructose‐2,6‐biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) in mouse skeletal muscle, we examined the impact of enhanced glycolysis in metabolic homeostasis. Enhanced glycolysis in skeletal muscle promoted accelerated glucose disposal, a lean phenotype and a high metabolic rate in mice despite attenuated lipid metabolism in muscle, even under High‐Fat diet (HFD). Further study revealed that the glucose metabolite sensor carbohydrate‐response element‐binding protein (ChREBP) was activated in the highly glycolytic muscle and stimulated the elevation of plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), possibly mediating enhanced lipid oxidation in adipose tissue and contributing to a systemic effect. PFKFB3 was critically involved in promoting the glucose‐sensing mechanism in myocytes. Thus, a high level of glycolysis in skeletal muscle may be intrinsically coupled to distal lipid metabolism through intracellular glucose sensing. This study provides novel insights for the benefit of resistance training and for manipulating insulin‐independent glucose metabolism.
First 1,000 days: enough for mothers but not for children? Long‐term outcomes of an early intervention on maternal depressed mood and child cognitive development: follow‐up of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Tomlinson Mark , Skeen Sarah , Melendez‐Torres G. J. , Hunt Xanthe , Desmond Chris , Morgan Barak , Murray Lynne , Cooper Peter J , Rathod Sujit D. , Marlow Marguerite , Fearon Pasco 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundChild cognitive development is often compromised in contexts of poverty and adversity, and these deficits tend to endure and affect the child across the life course. In the conditions of poverty and violence that characterise many low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC), the capacity of parents to provide the kind of care that promotes good child development may be severely compromised, especially where caregivers suffer from depression. One avenue of early intervention focuses on the quality of the early mother–infant relationship. The aim of this study was to examine the long‐term impact of an early intervention to improve the mother–infant relationship quality on child cognitive outcomes at 13 years of age. We also estimated the current costs to replicate the intervention.MethodWe re‐recruited 333 children from an early childhood maternal–infant attachment intervention, ‘Thula Sana’, when the children were 13 years old, to assess whether there were impacts of the intervention on child cognitive outcomes, and maternal mood. We used the Kaufman Assessment Battery to assess the child cognitive development and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9) and the Self‐Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ‐20) to assess maternal mental health.ResultsEffect estimates indicated a pattern of null findings for the impact of the intervention on child cognitive development. However, the intervention had an effect on caregiver psychological distress (PHQ‐9, ES = −0.17 [CI: −1.95, 0.05] and SRQ‐20, ES = −0.30 [CI: −2.41, −0.19]), but not anxiety. The annual cost per mother–child pair to replicate the Thula Sana intervention in 2019 was estimated at ZAR13,365 ($780).ConclusionIn a socio‐economically deprived peri‐urban settlement in South Africa, a home visiting intervention, delivered by community workers to mothers in pregnancy and the first six postpartum months, had no overall effect on child cognitive development at 13 years of age. However, those caregivers who were part of the original intervention showed lasting improvements in depressed mood. Despite the fact that there was no intervention effect on long‐term child outcomes, the improvements in maternal mood are important.
Lower handgrip strength levels probably precede triglyceride glucose index and associated with diabetes in men not in women
Authors: Zheng Jia , Zhang Lu , Jiang Min 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo explore the relationship between handgrip strength per weight (HGS/W), triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and diabetes, and whether lower HGS levels precede TyG in the Chinese elderly population.Materials and MethodsTwo linear regression models were used to explore the association of whether baseline HGS/W predicted follow‐up variation of TyG or baseline TyG predicted follow‐up variation of HGS/W. The logistic regression model was used to examine the relationship between baseline HGS/W and future diabetes.ResultsA total of 4,561 participants in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were enrolled, of which 47.0% were men, and the mean age was 58.7 years (standard deviation 8.68 years). A lower baseline HGS/W significantly correlated with a higher level of follow‐up TyG (β = −0.173, P = 0.002). The baseline level of HGS/W was significantly negatively associated with the incidence risk of diabetes (rate ratio 0.375, P = 0.004). However, in sex stratification, the statistical association between HGS/W and TyG and diabetes was only in men.ConclusionsOur results showed that HGS/W was inversely associated with TyG and diabetes, and lower HGS/W levels preceded TyG levels in the elderly population. However, the effect was inconsistent between men and women, and the possible mechanism would require further clarification.
Evaluation of the antiviral activity of naringenin, a major constituent of Typha angustifolia, against white spot syndrome virus in crayfish Procambarus clarkii
Authors: Sun Zhong‐Chen , Chen Cheng , Xu Fei‐Fan , Li Bing‐Ke , Shen Jing‐Lei , Wang Tao , Jiang Hai‐Feng , Wang Gao‐Xue 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhite spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a serious pathogen threatening global crustacean aquaculture with no commercially available drugs. Herbal medicines widely used in antiviral research offer a rich reserve for drug discovery. Here, we investigated the inhibitory activity of 13 herbal medicines against WSSV in crayfish Procambarus clarkii and discovered that naringenin (NAR) has potent anti‐WSSV activity. In the preliminary screening, the extracts of Typha angustifolia displayed the highest inhibitory activity on WSSV replication (84.62%, 100 mg/kg). Further, NAR, the main active compound of T. angustifolia, showed a much higher inhibition rate (92.85%, 50 mg/kg). NAR repressed WSSV proliferation followed a dose‐dependent manner and significantly improved the survival of WSSV‐challenged crayfish. Moreover, pre‐ or post‐treatment of NAR displayed a comparable inhibition on the viral loads. NAR decreased the transcriptional levels of vital genes in viral life cycle, particularly for the immediately early‐stage gene ie1. Further results showed that NAR could decrease the STAT gene expression to block ie1 transcription. Besides, NAR modulated immune‐related gene Hsp70, antioxidant (cMnSOD, mMnSOD, CAT, GST), anti‐inflammatory (COX‐1, COX‐2) and pro‐apoptosis‐related factors (Bax and BI‐1) to inhibit WSSV replication. Overall, these results suggest that NAR may have the potential to be developed as preventive or therapeutic agent against WSSV.
Genetics and metabolic engineering of yeast strains for efficient ethanol production
Authors: Adebami Gboyega E. , Kuila Arindam , Ajunwa Obinna M. , Fasiku Samuel A. , Asemoloye Michael D. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBioethanol production from monomeric sugar is performed by several yeasts. But there are several limitations associated with yeast strains such as their low tolerance to ethanol, toxic inhibitors, and high sugar concentration. Genetic and metabolic engineering of potential yeast strains can overcome the above limitations. The present article summarized current genetic and metabolic engineering approaches for the development of yeast strain for efficient ethanol production. The review systematically examined bioethanol generations based on substrate utilization, criteria for strain selections, strategies for strain improvements including randomized mutagenesis, genetic engineering, metabolic engineering, genome editing, whole genome (re)sequencing, promoter engineering, quantitative trait locus analysis, protein engineering, and evolutionary engineering. Different fermentation technologies employed in hydrolysate fermentation including low gravity (LG), high gravity (HG), and very high gravity (VHG) as well as challenges of yeast strains development and its future prospect have been critically evaluated in this article. Significant engineering efforts are imminent for yeast‐based second‐generation biofuel to leave a demonstration phase through strain improvement and become economically competitive with fossil fuel.Practical ApplicationsThis is a comprehensive review of yeast strain development for bioethanol production. The readers should be able to acquire some basic knowledge on:
The accompanied substrates for bioethanol generations as well as the technologies and challenges behind them.
The criteria to consider in selecting yeast strain for bioengineering development.
Different strategies and their reported applications employed in yeast strain development including randomized mutagenesis, genetic engineering, metabolic engineering, genome editing, whole genome (re)sequencing, promoter engineering, quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis, protein engineering, and evolutionary engineering.
Challenges and merits of different fermentation technologies employed in hydrolysate fermentation including LG, HG, and VHG.
Possible challenges to encounter in developing yeast strain for bioethanol production.
Desirable traits to consider in the selection and development of yeast strains for bioethanol production.