bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-Intensity Ultrasound Inhibits the Long-Term Migration of Cancer Cells
Authors: González Itziar , Luzuriaga Jon , Valdivieso Alba , Frutos Jesús , López Jaime , Hernández Luis , Rodríguez-Lorenzo Luis , Yagüe Virginia , Blanco Jose Luis , Pinto Alberto , Earl Julie 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In recent years, it has been verified that collective cell migration is a fundamental step in tumor spreading and metastatic processes. In this paper, we demonstrate for the first time how low-intensity ultrasound produces long-term inhibition of collective migration of epithelial cancer cells in wound healing processes. In particular, we show how pancreatic tumor cells, PANC-1, grown as monolayers in vitro respond to these waves at frequencies close to 1 MHz and low intensities (<100 mW cm−2) for 48-72 hours of culture after ultrasound irradiation. This new strategy opens a new line of action to block the spread of malignant cells in cancer processes. Despite relevant spatial variations of the acoustic pressure amplitude induced in the assay, the cells behave as a whole, showing a collective dynamic response to acoustic performance, agreeing with the “cell jamming” effect defined before in the literature. Experiments carried out with samples without previous starving showed remarkable effects of the LICUs from the first hours of culture, more prominent than those with experiments with monolayers subjected to fasting prior to the experiments. This new strategy to control cell migration opens a new line of action in vivo to block the spread of malignant cells.
Combinatorial Optimization with Photonics-Inspired Clock Models
Authors: Miri Mohammad-Ali , Honari-Latifpour Mostafa , Mills Matthew 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems are in general hard problems that their computational complexity grows faster than polynomial scaling with the size of the problem. Thus, over the years there has been a great interest in developing unconventional methods and algorithms for solving such problems. Here, inspired by the nonlinear optical process of $q$-photon down-conversion, we introduce a single-variable nonlinear dynamical model that allows for efficiently approximating the ground state of the classical $q$-state planar Potts Hamiltonian. This reduces the exhaustive search in the large discrete solution space of a large class of combinatorial problems that are represented by the Potts Hamiltonian to solving a system of coupled dynamical equations. We introduce two different annealing mechanisms, adiabatic deformation and chaotic annealing, and show that numerical simulations of the proposed dynamical model can efficiently approximate the solution of hard combinatorial problems. The proposed algorithm is applied to graph-$q$-partitioning as an example.
Explicit formulas for partial Bell polynomials, Maclaurin's series expansions of real powers of inverse (hyperbolic) cosine and sine, and series representations of powers of Pi
Authors: Qi Feng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In the paper, by means of the Faa di Bruno formula, with the help of explicit formulas for special values of partial Bell polynomials with respect to two specific sequences generated by derivatives at the origin of the inverse sine or inverse cosine, and by virtue of two combinatorial identities containing the Stirling numbers of the first kind, the author establishes Maclaurin's series expansions for real powers of the inverse cosine (sine) functions and the inverse hyperbolic cosine (sine) functions. By comparing different series expansions for the square of the inverse cosine function and for the positive integer power of the inverse sine function, the author not only finds infinite series representations of the circular constant Pi and its powers, but also derives several combinatorial identities involving central binomial coefficients and the Stirling numbers of the first kind.
Comparison of Self Versus Expert-assisted Feedback for Cricothyroidotomy Training
Authors: Aldinc Hasan , Yaylaci Serpil , Gun Cem , Senuren Cigdem Ozkaya , Guven Feray , Sahiner Melike , Kayayurt Kamil , Turkmen Suha 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The self-video feedback method may have the potential to provide a low-cost alternative to physician-driven simulation-based training. This study aimed to assess the utility of video feedback by comparing the improvement in procedural performance when trainees received self-video feedback (trainees review their performance alone) and expert-assısted video feedback (trainees review their performance while an emergency physician provides additional feedback). This study was performed at a university simulation center with 89 final-year medical students and used a cricothyroidotomy simulation model. Following the educational presentation and the best practice video, trainees were randomized into two groups (self video-feedback and expert assisted video-feedback). They performed the cricothyroidotomy before and after the feedback, The procedures were recorded and scored. Scoring were made using a pre-defıned checklist. Mann Whitney U test and Wilcoxon test were used to analyze non-normally distributed data. For the analysis of normally distributed data, Student t-test and Paired Samples t-test were used. Results demonstrated significant improvement in cricothyroidotomy performance with both types of video feedback. The improvement was significantly greater in the expert-assisted video feedback group. We think that simulation-based training is effective with self video feedback.
RGEN-seq For Highly Sensitive Amplification-free Screen Of Off-target Sites Of Gene Editors
Authors: Kuzin Alexander , Redler Brendan , Onuska Jaya , Slesarev Alexei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Sensitive detection of off-target sites produced by gene editing nucleases is crucial for developing reliable gene therapy platforms. Although several biochemical assays for the characterization of nuclease off-target effects have been recently published, significant technical and methodological issues still remain.. Of note, existing methods rely on PCR amplification, tagging, and affinity purification which can introduce bias, contaminants, sample loss through handling, etc. Here we describe a sensitive, PCR-free next-generation sequencing method (RGEN-seq) for unbiased detection of double-stranded breaks generated by RNA-guided CRISPR-Cas9 endonuclease. Through use of novel sequencing adapters, the RGEN-Seq method saves time, simplifies workflow, and removes genomic coverage bias and gaps associated with PCR and/or other enrichment procedures. RGEN-seq is fully compatible with existing off-target detection software; moreover, the unbiased nature of RGEN-seq offers a robust foundation for relating assigned DNA cleavage scores to propensity for off-target mutations in cells. A detailed comparison of RGEN-seq with other off-target detection methods is provided using a previously characterized set of guide RNAs.
Long-Term Hyperglycemia Induces α-Synuclein Aggregation and Dopaminergic Neuronal Loss in Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model
Authors: Lv Yi-Qing , Yuan Lin , Sun Yan , Dou Hao-Wen , Su Ji-Hui , Hou Zhi-Pan , Li Jia-Yi , Li Wen 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Growing evidence suggest the association between Parkinson’s disease (PD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). On a cellular level, it was proven that long-term elevated levels of glucose might lead to nigrostriatal degeneration in PD models. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Previously, we have elucidated the potential of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in facilitating PD progression, involving aggregation of both alpha-synuclein (α-syn) and islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) in the pancreatic and brain tissues. However, due to the complicated effect of insulin resistance on PD onset, the actual mechanism of hyperglycemia-induced dopaminergic degeneration remains unknown. Methods: In the present study, we employed the type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) model induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection, to investigate the direct effect of elevated blood glucose level on nigrostriatal degeneration. Results: We found that STZ treatment induced more severe pathological alterations in the pancreatic islets and T1DM symptoms in α-syn-overexpression mice than that in wild type (WT) mice, one month and three months after STZ injections. Behavioral tests evaluating motor performance confirmed the nigrostriatal degeneration. Furthermore, we observed a marked decrease in dopaminergic profiles and an increase of α-syn accumulation and Serine 129 (S129) phosphorylation in STZ-treated α-syn mice compared with vehicle-treated mice. At last, we observed more severe neuroinflammation in the brain of the STZ-treated α-syn mice.Conclusion: Our results solidify the potential link between DM and PD, providing insights on how hyperglycemia induces nigrostriatal degeneration and contributes to pathogenetic mechanisms in PD.
Inulin-type Fructans Protect Against High Fat-sucrose Diet-induced Gestational Diabetes Mice in Association with Gut Microbiota Regulation
Authors: Miao Miao , Wang Qing , Wang Xinyan , Fan Chong , Luan Ting , Yan Lina , Zhang Yue , Rui Can , Hou Wenwen , Zeng Xin , Dai Yongmei , Li Ping 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Inulin-type fructans have been used as prebiotics to alleviate glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. However, few studies evaluate the microbial mechanism of inulin in improving maternal metabolic status during pregnancy. Methods: We use high fat-sucrose diet-induced gestational diabetes mice as a model to study the effect of inulin-type fructans on the cecal microbiota by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Results: The inulin-type fructans-supplemented diet improved glucose and lipid metabolism disorder parameters in high-fat/sucrose diet (HFD) induced gestational diabetes mice, alleviating fat accumulation and glucose intolerance. The α diversity of gut microbial community of HFD mice was reduced after inulin treatment, while the β diversity tended to return to the level of normal chow diet (NCD) mice. Interestingly, Verrucomicrobia, Bifidobacterium and Akkermansia were obviously enriched, while Dubosiella was obviously lessened after inulin treatment. Further analysis indicated that Dubosiella was positively correlated with markers of glycolipid metabolism disorders, whereas the inulin-type fructans-supplemented diet partially reversed the changes. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the inulin-type fructans-supplemented diet alleviates glucose and lipid metabolism disorders mediated by gut microbiota.
The Feasibility of Binary and Ternary Hydrate Mixtures of CH4, CO2 and C3H8 for Metals Removal
Authors: Abulkhair Hani , Alsaiari Abdulmohsen , Ahmad Iqbal , Nallakukkala Sirisha , Lal Bhajan , Shariff Azmi Mohammad 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The selection of suitable hydrate formers and their respective gas composition for high hydrate formation driving force is critical to achieve high water recovery and metals removal efficiency in the hydrate-based desalination process. This study presents a feasibility analysis on the possible driving force and subcooling temperatures for the binary and ternary mixtures of methane, carbon dioxide, and propane for hydrates-based desalination process. The driving force and subcooling of the gas systems was evaluated by predicting their hydrate formation phase boundary conditions in 2 wt.% NaCl systems at pressures ranges from 2.0 - 4.0 MPa and temperatures of 1 – 4°C using Modified Peng-Robinson Equation of State in the PVTSim software package. The results suggested that the driving force of CH4-C3H8 and CO2+C3H8 binary systems are similar to their ternary. Thus, the use of binary systems is preferable and simpler than the ternary systems. For binary gas composition CO2+C3H8 (70:30) exhibited a higher subcooling temperature of 8.07 ºC and driving force of 1.49 MPa in presence of 2wt% salt. In case of ternary system (CH4-C3H8-CO2) composition of (10:80:10) provided a good subcooling temperature of 12.86 ºC for hydrate formation. The results favour CO2-C3H8 as preferred hydrate formers for hydrate- based desalination. This is attributed due to the formation of sII structure and as it constitutes 136 water molecules which signifies a huge potential of producing more quantity of treated water.
Proline residues impart a tripartite segmental behavior to the nucleosomal H3 histone tail in the unmodified and posttranslationally modified states
Authors: Piston Kathryn , Cosgrove Michael , Nangia Shikha 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Histone tails are integral structural and functional components of the eukaryotic nucleosome. These tails, rich in positively charged amino acid residues, interact with the DNA to stabilize the nucleosomal structure. However, capturing the biochemical effects of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) on histone tails in molecular detail using X-ray or NMR techniques remains a challenge due to their intrinsically disordered structure. In this work, we studied the N-terminal portion of the H3 histone protein, a 38-residue tail, that when posttranslationally modified, is implicated in altering the tail’s interaction with the DNA, affecting nucleosomal stability. Using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations for a total of 35 microseconds, we investigated the structure and dynamics of the wildtype H3 tail and seven known nucleosomal PTMs. Based on residues’ contacts with DNA, water, and ions, dihedral angle analysis, and root-mean-square fluctuations of the tail residues, our results show that the H3 tail has a tripartite segmental nature. The three segments, labeled I, II, and III, are separated by the proline residues P16, P30, and P38. A comparison of wildtype H3 tail and proline-to-alanine-mutated H3 tail showed that the prolines function as segmental dividers or hinges of the H3 tail. We show that Segment I is more dynamic than Segments II and III, and Segment I makes multiple transient contacts with the DNA. The PTMs affect the tail’s dynamics to different extents, but the tripartite segmental nature of the tail is preserved. Notably, single-residue modification of the lysine by acetylation or methylations in Segment I versus multiple residue modifications by serine phosphorylation or lysine methylations have marked effects on the tail’s flexibility and interaction with the DNA. This study highlights the significance of proline residues in creating the segmental behavior of the H3 tail.
Fibroblast Activation Protein Imaging in Reperfused ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Comparison with Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Xie Boqia , Wang Jiaxin , Xi Xiao-Ying , Guo Xiaojuan , Chen Bi-Xi , Hua Cuncun , Zhao Shihua , Su Pixiong , Chen Mulei , Yang Min-Fu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The goals were to explore the correlation of 18F-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) parameters in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) and to investigate the value of FAPI imaging in predicting cardiac functional recovery.
Methods
Fourteen first-time STEMI patients (11 men, mean age: 62 ± 11 years) after PPCI were prospectively recruited. All patients underwent baseline FAPI imaging (6 ± 2 days post-MI) and CMR (8 ± 2 days post-MI). Ten patients had convalescent CMR (84 ± 4 days post-MI). Myocardial FAPI activity was analyzed on extent (the percentage of FAPI uptake volume over the left ventricular volume, FAPI%), intensity (target-to-background uptake ratio, TBRmax), and amount (FAPI%×TBRmax). Serum biomarkers during the acute phase, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), extracellular volume (ECV), microvascular obstruction (MVO), and cardiac function from CMR imaging were analyzed.
Results
Localized but inhomogeneous FAPI uptake was observed, which was larger than the edematous and infarcted myocardium. The MVO area showed lower FAPI uptake compared with the surrounding myocardium. FAPI activity was associated with myocardial injury biomarkers, T2WI, LGE, and ECV at both per-patient and per-segment levels (all p < 0.05). Among the CMR parameters, T2WI had the greatest correlation coefficient with both FAPI% and FAPI%×TBRmax. Baseline TBRmax was correlated with convalescent left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)(r = −0.73, p = 0.02).
Conclusion
FAPI imaging detects more involved myocardium than CMR in reperfused STEMI, and was associated with myocardial damage and convalescent LVEF.
Diversity of Site-Specific Microbes of Occlusal and Proximal Lesions in Severe- Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC)
Authors: Fakhruddin Kausar Sadia , Samaranayake Lakshman Perera , Hamoudi Rifat Akram , Ngo Hien Chi , Egusa Horoshi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Severe-early childhood caries (S-ECC) is a global problem of significant concern, commonly manifest as a dentinal lesion on the occlusal and proximal surfaces of the affected deciduous dentition. Although there are major ecological differences between these two niches, it is unclear whether these are reflected in the composition of their dysbiotic cariogenic microbiome. Therefore, we compared the compositional differences in the microbiota of occlusal and proximal caries lesions in S-ECC. Methods: Deep-dentine caries samples (19-occlusal and 19-proximal) from asymptomatic primary molars of children with S-ECC (n=19) belonging to caries-code 5/6, according to ICDAS classification, were evaluated. Employing two primer pools, we amplified and compared the bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences of the seven hypervariable regions (V2 to V4 and V6 to V9) using a next-generation sequencing based assay.Results: Bray-Curtis dissimilarity data indicated that occlusal lesions had a more homogeneous microbial community structure than the proximal lesions with significant compositional differences at species level (p=0.01; R-value of 0.513). Together, the occlusal and proximal niches harbored 263 species, of which 202 (76.8%) species were common to both locales, while 49 (18.6%) and 12 (4.6%) disparate species were exclusively isolated from the proximal and occlusal niches, respectively. The most commonly found genera at both locales included Streptococcus, Prevotella, and Lactobacillus, with 33, 27, and 22 species each, respectively. In addition, Streptococcus mutans predominated in the proximal cavities (p≤0.05), as opposed to Atopobium parvulum (p=0.01) in the occlusal niches, while Vellonella alcalescens was present in similar proportions in both habitats (p≥0.05). Conclusions: Distinct differences between the caries microbiota of occlusal and proximal caries in S-ECC exist. The former niche appears to provide a habitat for a more homogeneous growth of communal microbiota than the latter. This may be due to the conditions prevalent in relatively quiescent inter-proximal regions, as opposed to the occlusal regions exposed to the ebb and flow of salivary and masticatory forces, and/or the anatomical and structural differences in the two locales. The clinical implications of these findings in terms of the rate and severity of caries progression remain to be determined.
Safety Profile and Risk Factors for Bleeding in Transbronchial Cryobiopsy Using a Two-Scope Technique for Peripheral Pulmonary Lesions
Authors: Nakai Toshiyuki , Watanabe Tetsuya , Kaimi Yuto , Ogawa Koichi , Matsumoto Yoshiya , Sawa Kenji , Okamoto Atsuko , Sato Kanako , Asai Kazuhisa , Matsumoto Yuji , Ohsawa Masahiko , Kawaguchi Tomoya 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
A balloon occlusion technique is suggested for use in cryobiopsy for interstitial lung diseases because of the bleeding risk. However, it may interfere with selection of the involved bronchus for peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs). A two-scope technique, in which two scopes are prepared and hemostasis is started using the second scope immediately after cryobiopsy, has also been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and diagnostic utility of transbronchial cryobiopsy using the two-scope technique for PPLs.
Methods
Data of patients who underwent conventional biopsy followed by cryobiopsy using the two-scope technique for PPLs from November 2019 to March 2021 were collected. The incidence of complications and risk factors for clinically significant bleeding (moderate to life-threatening) were investigated. Diagnostic yields were also compared among conventional biopsy, cryobiopsy, and the combination of them.
Results
A total of 139 patients were analyzed. Moderate bleeding occurred in 25 (18.0%) patients without severe/life-threatening bleeding. Although five cases required transbronchial instillation of thrombin, all bleeding was completely controlled using the two-scope technique. Other complications included two pneumothoraces and one asthmatic attack. On multivariable analysis, only ground-glass features (P < 0.001, odds ratio: 9.30) were associated with clinically significant bleeding. The diagnostic yields of conventional biopsy and cryobiopsy were 76.3% and 81.3%, respectively (P = 0.28). The total diagnostic yield was 89.9%, significantly higher than conventional biopsy alone (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
The two-scope technique provides useful hemostasis for safe cryobiopsy for PPLs, with a careful decision needed for ground-glass lesions.
WITHDRAWN: Analysis of Hyperhomocysteinemia and Related Factors : A Case - Control Study in Northeast China
Authors: Ding Ding , Zhang Ya Lin , Yang Jing Xin , Fu Yu , Liu Ning , Lu Wan Yi , Pan Yi Ming , Guo Jia Qi , Zhang Hui , Lou Yan , Kong Juan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objectives. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is an easily neglected disease, which can be hidden in the body for many years without signs or symptoms. We want to explore the causes of HHcy, the correlation of HHcy with micronutrients, lifestyle, dietary habits and HHcy related genes, preventing the occurrence of HHcy.Methods. 800 subjects (M/F, 403/397) were divided into normal Hcy and HHcy group according to the plasma levels of Hcy, compared essential characteristics by questionnaires, genetic polymorphism tested by Realtime PCR and micronutrients detected by mass spectrometry. The statistical analysis methods were Chi - square tests, ANOVA, logistic regression. This trial has been registered with the trial number ChiCTR1900025136. Results. 42.66% of 143 HHcy cases were aged from 10 to 18, with higher levels of zinc (Zn), vitamin A, Uric acid (P < 0.05) and a lower level of 25-OH-D3, VB12, folic acid (Fol) (P < 0.05) compared to the normal group. The multivariate logistic regression significantly predicted HHcy development containing higher level of Zinc (Exp(B) = 1.042; 95% CI, 1.000 - 1.086), higher Uric (Exp(B) = 1.014; 95% CI, 1.008 - 1.019), lower B12 (Exp(B) = 0.993; 95%CI, 0.989 - 0.997), lower Folic acid (Exp(B) = 0.772; 95% CI, 0.657 - 0.907), and polymorphism of MTHFR C677T (Exp(B) = 2.923; 95% CI, 1.399–6.107).Conclusion. Pay more attention to those students who were facing great pressure because they are very likely to be potential HHcy patients with high levels of uric acid and zinc and anxiety.