bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CT chest analysis of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia: An Indian perspective
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Pujari Vishnu S , Kotak Shivam D , Yadav Saksham P , Someshwar Vimal R , Raut Abhijit A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Context: Since its outbreak, the COVID-19 pneumonia pandemic is rapidly spreading across India; although computed tomography of chest (CT chest) is not recommended as a screening tool, there is a rapid surge in the CT chest performed in suspected cases. We should be aware of the imaging features among the Indian population. Aim: To analyze the CT chest features in Indian COVID-19 patients. Settings and Design: Retrospective study. Subjects and Methods: CT chest of 31 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) verified patients of COVID-19 was assessed for ground-glass opacities (GGO), consolidations, bronchiectasis, pleural effusions, vascular enlargement, crazy paving, and reverse halo sign. Statistical Analysis Used: The data was analyzed in Microsoft Excel 2019. Results: Only one patient showed a normal scan. Multilobar involvements with parenchymal abnormalities were seen in all the patients with bilateral involvement in 74.1%. 42.5% of the lung parenchymal abnormalities were pure GGOs, while 41.6% had GGOs mixed with consolidation. Peripheral and posterior lung field involvement was seen in 70.5% and 65.5%, respectively; 56.8% had well-defined margins. Pure GGOs were seen in all six patients, who underwent CT in the first 2 days of onset of symptoms. Seventeen patients scanned between 3 and 6 days of the illness showed GGOs mixed with consolidation and pure consolidations 76%. Vascular enlargement, crazy paving, and reverse halo sign were seen in 70%, 53%, and 35% of the patients, respectively. Patients scanned after 1 week of symptoms showed traction bronchiectasis along with GGOs and or consolidations. Conclusions: COVID-19 pneumonia showed multifocal predominantly subpleural basal posteriorly located GGOs and/or consolidations which were predominantly well defined. “Crazy paving” was prevailing in the intermediate stage while early traction bronchiectasis among the patients presented later in the course of illness.
Does CT help in reducing RT-PCR false negative rate for COVID-19?
Authors: Kohli Anirudh , Joshi Anagha , Shah Ankur , Jain Richa D , Gorlawar Abhishek , Dhapare Amol , Desai Jigar , Shetty Aditya , Shah Chirag , Ostwal Prachi , Talraja Anisha 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Early detection is the key to contain the ongoing pandemic. The current gold standard to detect SARS CoV2 is RT-PCR. However, it has a high false negative rate and long turnaround time. Purpose: In view of the high sensitivity of CT in detection of lower respiratory tract pathologies, a study of 2581 patients comparing RT-PCR status with CT findings was undertaken to see if it augments the diagnostic performance. Materials and Methods: A multi centre prospective study of consecutive cases was conducted. All CT studies suggestive of COVID 19 pneumonia were collated and evaluated independently by three Radiologists to confirm the imaging diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. The RT-PCR values were retrospectively obtained, based on the RT-PCR values, CT studies were categorised into three subgroups, positive, negative and unknown. CT features from all three groups were compared to evaluate any communality or discordance. Results: Out of the 2581 patients with positive CT findings for COVID pneumonia, 825 were females and 1,756 were males in a wide age group of 28-90 years. Predominant CT features observed in all the subgroups were Ground glass densities 94.8%, in mixed distribution (peripheral and central) (59.12%), posterior segments in 92% and multilobar involvement in 70.9%. The CT features across the three subgroups were statistically significant with a P value <0.001. Conclusion: There was a communality of CT findings regardless of RT-PCR status. In a pandemic setting ground glass densities in a subpleural, posterior and basal distribution are indicative of COVID 19. Thus CT chest in conjunction to RT PCR augments the diagnosis of COVID 19 pneumonia; utilization of CT chest may just be the missing link in closing this pandemic.
Pattern recognition of high-resolution computer tomography (HRCT) chest to guide clinical management in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19
Authors: Rajalingam Bavaharan , Narayanan Ethirajan , Nirmalan Praveen , Muthukrishnan Kamalanthan , Sundaram Vivek , Kumaravelu Saravanan , Gopalan Mukundhan , Jeyapal Senthil , Rajalingam Baskaran , Khanna Vijay , Dhoss Praveen , Gopinath Gopinath 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Aim: To describe the distribution of lung patterns determined by High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) in COVID patients with mild and moderate lung involvement and outcomes after early identification and management with steroids and anticoagulants. Material and Methods: A cross sectional study of COVID-19 patients with mild and moderate lung involvement presenting at 5 healthcare centres in Trichy district of South TamilNadu in India. Patients underwent HRCT to assess patterns and severity of lung involvement, Inflammatory markers (LDH/Ferritin) and D-Dimer assay and clinical correlation with signs and symptoms. Patients were assessed for oxygen, steroid and anticoagulant therapy, clinical recovery or progression on follow up and details on mortality were collected. The RSNA, Fleischer Society guidelines and CORADS score was used for radiological reporting. New potential classification of patterns of percentage of lung parenchyma involvement in Covid patients is being suggested. Results: The study included 7,340 patients with suspected COVID and 3,963 (53.9%) patients had lung involvement based on HRCT. RT PCR was positive in 74.1% of the CT Positive cases. Crazy Pavement pattern was predominant (n = 2022, 51.0%) and Ground Glass Opacity (GGO) was found in 1,941 (49.0%) patients in the study. Severe lung involvement was more common in the Crazy Pavement pattern. Patients with GGO in moderate lung involvement were significantly more likely to recover faster compared to Crazy Pavement pattern (P value <0.001). Conclusion: HRCT chest and assessment of lung patterns can help triage patients to home quarantine and hospital admission. Early initiation of steroids and anticoagulants based on lung patterns can prevent progression to more severe stages and aid early recovery. HRCT can play a major role to triage and guide management especially as RT PCR testing and results are delayed for the benefit of patients and in a social cause to decrease the spread of the virus
The Application of Sample Pooling for Mass Screening of SARS-CoV-2 in an Outbreak of COVID-19 in Vietnam
Authors: Thanh Ton That , Nhan Nguyen Thi Thanh , Mai Huynh Kim , Trieu Nguyen Bao , Huy Le Xuan , Thuy Ho Thi Thanh , Chung Le Thanh , Anh Nguyen Ngoc , Hong Nguyen Thi Thu , Thang Bui Thuc , Thu Nguyen Thi Hoai , Chi Le Thi Kim , Hanh Nguyen Thi , Hoang Nguyen Huy , Chau Nguyen Van Vinh , Thwaites Guy , Hung Do Thai , Tan Le Van , Yen Ngo Thi Kim 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTWe sampled nasal–pharyngeal throat swabs from 96,123 asymptomatic individuals at risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and generated 22,290 pools at collection, each containing samples from two to seven individuals. We detected SARS-CoV-2 in 24 pools, and confirmed the infection in 32 individuals after resampling and testing of 104 samples from positive pools. We completed the testing within 14 days. We would have required 64 days to complete the screening for the same number of individuals if we had based our testing strategy on individual testing. There was no difference in cycle threshold (Ct) values of pooled and individual samples. Thus, compared with individual sample testing, our approach did not compromise PCR sensitivity, but saved 77% of the resources. The present strategy might be applicable in settings, where there are shortages of reagents and the disease prevalence is low, but the demand for testing is high.
Colecionador de borboletas: reflexões sobre a sociologia e a experiência na sociedade
Authors: Sigolo Vanessa Moreira 
Published: January 2021

O objetivo desse artigo é refletir sobre os debates e concepções da chamada teoria crítica a respeito do conhecimento sociológico, especialmente a partir do pensamento e de formulações de Theodor Adorno, Herbert Marcuse e Walter Benjamin. Busca-se nessa reflexão investigar elementos sobre o papel do sociólogo e as possibilidades de sua experiência na atualidade. Para isso, centra-se nas concepções a respeito da dialética e da experiência, e seus desdobramentos para uma reflexão sobre o sentido da sociologia na sociedade contemporânea.
Notas sobre a distinção entre usuários e traficantes na “cracolândia”: Apontamentos para uma crítica da política de drogas
Authors: Canonico Leticia 
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão acerca da prática dos agentes de segurança na “cracolândia” - localizada na região central da cidade de São Paulo - em especial, no que tange à maneira como é, por estes, operacionalizada a diferenciação entre usuários e traficantes de drogas no âmbito do Programa Municipal de Enfrentamento ao Crack e Outras Drogas, intitulado “De Braços Abertos”, o qual prevê a intersetorialidade entre os trabalhos de Assistência Social, Saúde e Segurança Pública no “combate” ao crack. Problematizo meu objeto a partir dos discursos dos agentes de segurança, assistentes sociais, agentes de saúde e usuários de crack sobre a forma como se dará o policiamento na região, assim como sobre como este é realizado na prática. A partir dos dados de campo foi possível perceber a produção de uma seletividade penal na forma de operacionalizar a distinção entre usuários e traficantes, questão para a qual dou atenção.
Pesquisa de Campo com “Beneficiárias” em Situação de “Descumprimento” da Condicionalidade da Educação no Programa Bolsa Família
Authors: Pinho Isabela Vianna 
Published: January 2021

No presente texto busco relatar a pesquisa, ainda em andamento, de conclusão de curso em Ciências Sociais, na qual utilizo dados empíricos coletados no universo do Cadastro Único na cidade de São Carlos, espaço onde faço estágio desde agosto de 2014. O recorte da pesquisa está situado na condicionalidade da educação do programa Bolsa Família, por serem seus “descumprimentos” mais frequentes quando comparados aos da saúde. A monografia possuirá duas dimensões: uma bibliográfica, com os embates teóricos, políticos e técnicos sobre a temática e outra, etnográfica, com trabalho de campo, onde descrevo o ambiente de trabalho e relato alguns casos de “beneficiárias” entrevistadas até o presente momento. Neste relato, porém, apenas a segunda dimensão será abordada. Em linhas gerais, busco verificar se os princípios norteadores das condicionalidades contidas no programa Bolsa Família possuem coerência com o observado entre todos os agentes envolvidos na rotina do Cadastro Único.
O Karate-Do como Dispositivo da Japonesidade em São Carlos
Authors: Mori Rafael Cava 
Published: January 2021

O presente trabalho relata uma investigação qualitativa sobre a prática do Karate-Do, em São Carlos-SP. Considera-se que tal prática veicule valores tipicamente orientais quando orientada de acordo com a concepção de budo (caminho marcial), e não enquanto apenas esporte de luta. Assim praticado, o Karate-Do obedece a princípios fundamentais de ordem disciplinar, moral, espiritual e estratégica. Por meio de observações e entrevistas, sediadas em dois dojo para a prática de Karate-Do em São Carlos, observou-se a presença da perspectiva do budo. Por fim, fenômenos específicos da imigração japonesa em São Carlos, associados principalmente à população flutuante universitária, são relacionados à atuação do Karate-Do como dispositivo da japonesidade.
Sante et securite en Droit Social marocain: état des lieux et défis
Authors: Mariem Khaili 
Published: January 2021

La santé et la sécurité au travail (SST) est un facteur clé de la protection du salarié dans son milieu de travail. Le contexte législatif national relatif à la (SST) avait marqué une avancée au niveau de ce domaine, notamment à travers l’entrée en vigueur de la loi 18-12 sur la réparation des accidents de travail, cependant il est pertinent de se poser la question sur l’efficacité du régime juridique et du système d’indemnisation des risques professionnels (RPS), et son aboutissement à préserver la santé des travailleurs ? Ainsi La généralisation de l’assurance obligatoire pour l’ensemble des RPS y compris les maladies professionnelles, et le besoin de réglementer la SST dans sa dimension, à la fois physique et mentale constituent des problèmes imminents, qui nécessitent des mesures adéquats, afin de relever les défis posés par les risques au travail, qui ne cessent de s’accentuer à cause des mutations profondes que connait le monde du travail au XXIe siècle.
Взаимосвязь между полиморфизмом LYS198ASР гена Эндотелин-1 и хронической обструктивной болезнью легких у пациентов узбекской популяции
Authors: Абдуганиева Э.А. , Ливерко И.В. , Бобоев А.Т. 
Published: January 2021

В статье с целью выявления роли мутаций и полиморфизмов гена эндотелина-1 Lys198Asn в развитии ХОБЛ авторами были исследованы 49 пациента с установленным диагнозом ХОБЛ. Группу контроля составили 46 практически здоровых пациента, сопоставимых с основной группой по возрасту и полу. Исследование мутаций и полиморфизма гена эндотелина-1 Lys198Asn проводилось методом ПЦР, статистический анализ проводился с использованием статистических программ “ОpenEpi,Version 2,9”. В результате обнаружено что гетерозиготный генотип Lys/Asp гена эндотелина-1 Lys198Asn встречался в группе ХОБЛ в 1,25 раза чаще по сравнению с группой контроля. Установлено, что мутационный генотип Asp/Asp – встречался в группе ХОБЛ в 1,9 раза чаще в сравнении с группой контроля (RR 1,9, OR – 2,3; χ2=0,4), что опосредованно показывает значимость изменений данного гена в развитии ХОБЛ, так и ее течении. Оценено влияние наличия генотипической предраположенности к дисфункции эндотелия с ее фенотипическими проявлениями.
Evaluación de la relación de los signos y síntomas durante el período de erupción de los dientes primarios
Authors: Bastos de Holanda Teixeira Rangel , Gonçalves Ferreira do Amaral Lorena de Alencar , Romão Dayse Andrade , Alencar Nemezio Mariana 
Published: January 2021

Introducción: La erupción dentaria es un proceso fisiológico que consiste en la migración del diente de su posición intraósea en la mandíbula o el maxilar hacia la cavidad bucal. Se asocia a algunos signos y síntomas como irritabilidad, irritación gingival, aumento de la salivación, sueño agitado, diarrea, pérdida de apetito y fiebre. Objetivo: Evaluar si las madres relatan la presencia de signos y síntomas durante la erupción de los dientes primarios y si las actitudes tomadas por los responsables en relación a la sintomatología interfieren en la condición del niño. Materiales y Métodos: Se recogieron datos de niños (n=50) entre 5 y 24 meses de edad. Los signos y síntomas observados por las madres durante la Originalerupción de los dientes primarios y las actitudes tomadas por los responsables en relación a la sintomatología, fueron evaluados por medio de cuestionario. Resultados: La prueba de Chi-cuadrado (0,010) reveló haber asociación de las signos y síntomas con la emergencia de los dientes primarios. Para actitudes tomadas por los responsables en relación a la sintomatología, la prueba del Chi-cuadrado fue de 0,009 mostrando una influencia significativa en la muestra. Conclusión: Se puede afirmar que las madres relatan la aparición de signos y síntomas durante la emergencia de los dientes primarios y actitudes tomadas por los responsables en relación a la sintomatología contribuyen a mejorar la condición de los niños.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Tipe Jigsaw untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Mata Pelajaran Sejarah pada Kompetensi Dasar Mendiskripsikan Tradisi Sejarah dalam Masyarakat Indonesia Masa Pra-aksara dan Masa Aksara Siswa Kelas X 6 di SMA Negeri 1 Mlonggo Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020
Authors: Haryanto Haryanto , Rohmawati Titik 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas dan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa, serta terjadinya perubahan sikap dan tingkah laku siswa terhadap model pembelajaran tipe jigsaw. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif untuk memperoleh data dan analisisnya melalui kajian-kajian reflektif, partisipatif, dan kolaboratif. Pada kegiatan berikutnya dilakukan pengembangan program pembelajaran berdasarkan pada data-data baik yang diperoleh dari siswa, guru dan setting kegiatan sosial antar siswa maupun siswi dengan guru baik di dalam kelas maupun diluar kelas. Setiap kegiatan pembelajaran pada penelitian ini direncanakan terlebih dahulu dan dilaksanakan melalui tiga macam siklus. Untuk meningkatkan kegiatan pembelajaran digunakan pendekatan pembelajaran kooperatif learning tipe jigsaw. Setelah dilaksanakan penelitian tindakan kelas maka dapat diperoleh data-data hasil evaluasi kegiatan belajar siswa melalui ulangan ke 1 yaitu 64 (belum menggunakan pembelajaran kooperatif learning tipe jigsaw). Setelah menggunakan jigsaw maka hasil evaluasi kegiatan belajar siswa melalui ulangan meningkat menjadi 71 pada siklus I, 73 pada.siklus II dan 76 pada siklus III. Adapun prosentase tingkat ketuntasan belajar siswa secara klasikal sebelum menggunakan jigsaw adalah 56 %, setelah menggunakan jigsaw secara bertahap mengalami peningkatan dari 72 % pada siklus I, 86 % pada siklus II dan 100 % pada siklus III.
Model Problem Based Learning dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Bahasa Indonesia Materi “Menyampaikan Pidato Persuasif” Kelas IX-F Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Kudus pada Semester Gasal Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020
Authors: Haryanto Haryanto , Indarto Wiwik 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mendeskripsikan Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dalam rangka meningkatkan prestasi belajar Bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas IX-F Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Kudus pada Semester Gasal Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Subjek penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah siswa kelas IX-F. Variabel penelitian ini terdiri dari variabel siswa dan variabel guru. Penelitian dilakukan dengan dua siklus dan masing-masing siklus terdiri atas empat tahapan, yakni: perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Indikator keberhasilan ditetapkan bila minimal terdapat 75% siswa mencapai ketuntasan belajar setelah diterapkan Model Problem Based Learning (PBL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa kelas IX-F Peningkatan itu ditunjukkan dengan: (1) rata-rata prestasi belajar siswa pada siklus I adalah 7,08 dan pada siklu siklus II adalah 8,68; (2) ketuntasan belajar siswa pada siklus I siswa 15 siswa atau 50,00% dan yang tidak tuntas sebanyak 15 siswa atau 50,00%; serta (3) ketuntasan belajar klasikal pada siklus I adalah 50,00% dan pada siklus II mencapai 100,00%. Ini berarti uji kompetensi/hasil evaluasi siklus II lebih baik dibandingkan siklus I, dan juga sudah mencapai indikator ketuntasan. Terdapat peningkatan aktivitas siswa selama proses pembelajaran secara individu maupun kelompok. Respon siswa mencapai 82,83% dengan kategori tinggi.
Peranan Orang Tua Dalam Pendidikan Agama Kristen Terhadap Pertumbuhan Rohani Anak
Authors: Angkouw Semuel Ruddy , Simon Simon 
Published: January 2021

AbstractParents who are given a mandate by God to be the main spiritual educators for their children. The purpose of God is to encourage parents as the main spiritual educators for their children, so that their children will experience spiritual growth in their faith in Him. This paper discusses the role of parents in Christian religious education on children's spiritual growth. The method used in this writing is a quantitative method with a questionnaire approach accompanied by descriptions of the answers of the respondents to the questionnaires that were distributed. The findings of this study are the respondents, in this case the church Gereja Pantekosta di Indonesia (GPdI) Glenmore Kabupaten Banyuwangi, carry out its role as a parent in cultivating Christian values for the spiritual growth of children although not significantly overall.Key words: Spiritual Growth, Congregation, Christian Education. AbstrakOrang tua diberikan mandat oleh Allah untuk menjadi tenaga pendidik kerohanian yang utama bagi anak-anaknya. Tujuan Allah menghimbau orang tua sebagai pendidik kerohanian utama bagi anak, agar kerohanian anak mengalami pertumbuhan secara iman kepada-Nya. Tulisan ini membahas tentang peran orang tua dalam pendidikan agama Kristen terhadap pertumbuhan kerohanian anak. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan angket disertai pendeskrifsian jawaban para responden atas angket yang dibagikan. Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah para respoden dalam hal ini jemaat Gereja Pantekosta di Indonesia (GPdI) Glenmore Kabupaten Banyuwangi, melaksanakan perannya sebagai orang tua dalam penanaman nilai-nilai kekristenan untuk pertumbuhan kerohanian anak walau tidak secara signifikan secara keseluruhan.Kata kunci: Pertumbuhan Rohani, Jemaat, Pendidikan Agama Kristen
Enhancement of secondary aerosol formation by reduced anthropogenic emissions during Spring Festival 2019 and enlightenment for regional PM2.5 control in Beijing
Authors: Wang Yuying , Li Zhanqing , Wang Qiuyan , Jin Xiaoai , Yan Peng , Cribb Maureen , Li Yanan , Yuan Cheng , Wu Hao , Wu Tong , Ren Rongmin , Cai Zhaoxin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. A comprehensive field experiment measuring aerosol chemical and physical
properties at a suburban site in Beijing around the 2019 Spring Festival was carried out to investigate the impact of reduced anthropogenic emissions on aerosol formation. Sharply reduced sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations during the festival holiday resulted in an unexpected increase in the surface ozone (O3) concentration caused by the strong O3-titration phenomenon. Simultaneously, the reduced anthropogenic emissions resulted in massive decreases in particle number concentration at all sizes and the mass concentrations of organics and black carbon. However, the mass concentrations of inorganics (especially sulfate) decreased weakly. Detailed analyses of the sulfur oxidation ratio
and the nitrogen oxidation ratio suggest that sulfate formation during the
holiday could be promoted by enhanced nocturnal aqueous-phase chemical
reactions between SO2 and O3 under moderate relative humidity (RH) conditions (40 % < RH < 80 %). Daytime photochemical reactions in winter in Beijing mainly controlled nitrate formation, which was enhanced a little during the holiday. A regional analysis of air pollution patterns shows that the enhanced formation of secondary aerosols occurred throughout the entire Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region during the holiday, partly offsetting the decrease in particle matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 µm. Our results highlight the necessary control of O3 formation to reduce secondary pollution in winter under current emission conditions.