bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profil épidémiologique des cancers de l’œsophage à l’Institut Joliot Curie de Dakar en 2018
Authors: Charfi Mohammed Ezzet , Bagué Abdoul Halim , Ahmed Awaleh Awaleh , Ka Sidy , Dem Ahmadou 
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION : Le cancer de l’œsophage est l’un des cancers les plus fréquents dans le monde touchant plus souvent les sujets masculins que féminins et avec un pronostic sombre. Le but de notre travail était de décrire le profil épidémiologique des patients suivis pour cancer de l’œsophage à l’Institut Joliot-Curie en 2018. MATERIELS ET METHODES : Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective descriptive incluant tous les patients suivis à l’institut du 1er janvier 2018 au 31 décembre 2018 pour cancer de l’œsophage avec une preuve histologique. RESULTATS : Le cancer de l’œsophage représentait le 5ème cancer pris en charge. Nous avons colligé 93 patients référés à l’institut pour la prise en charge d’un cancer de l’œsophage, 46 femmes (49,5%) et 47 hommes (50,5%). L’âge moyen était de 49 ans avec une médiane de 50 ans et des extrêmes de 22 ans et 84 ans. La notion de tabagisme était retrouvée chez 24 patients (25,8%) et concernait exclusivement des hommes (51%), associé chez six cas à une notion d’alcoolisme. Le délai de consultation médian était de cinq mois. La principale circonstance de découverte reste la dysphagie (87,1%), suivie de l’aphagie (4,3%) et de l’odynophagie (4,3%). Le carcinome épidermoïde était le type histologique le plus représenté avec 89 patients (95,7%). L’adénocarcinome était retrouvé chez trois cas (deux hommes et une femme) et enfin un cas de carcinome adénosquameux. CONCLUSION : A l’Institut Joliot Curie de Dakar, le cancer de l’œsophage est essentiellement un carcinome épidermoïde. Il représente la cinquième localisation dans notre institut et survient chez des patients jeunes sans prédominance de sexe.
Les glioblastomes de l'enfant au service de neurochirurgie de Fann à Dakar
Authors: Sy E H C N , Thioub M , Mbaye M , Cissé Y , Thiam A B , Ba M C , Badiane S B 
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION : Le glioblastome (GBM) est une tumeur généralement de l’adulte. Cependant, il est rare en pédiatrie. Leur pronostic est uniformément péjoratif et les directives de prise en charge restent encore non codifiées. Nous avons réalisé une étude rétrospective afin d’en rechercher les particularités cliniques et pathologiques ainsi que les éventuels facteurs pronostiques. PATIENTS ET METHODES : Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective portant sur 8 enfants porteurs de GBM confirmé à l’histologie, colligés au service de neurochirurgie du Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire de Fann, du 1er janvier 2016 au 31 décembre 2018. RESULTATS : La fréquence annuelle était de 2,6 cas. On notait une prédominance masculine avec un sex-ratio de 1,6. Le délai de consultation moyen était de 3 mois et demi. Le motif de consultation principal était le syndrome d’hypertension intracrânienne (HTIC) retrouvé chez 62,5% des cas. La région la plus concernée était le lobe pariétal (n=4). Le délai moyen de prise en charge chirurgicale était de 2,3 mois. La chirurgie d’exérèse a permis une résection macroscopiquement complète dans la moitié des cas. L’étude histologique avait retrouvé huit cas de glioblastome classé grade IV de l’OMS. Un seul patient avait bénéficié d’une radio-chimiothérapie adjuvante. Le taux de mortalité à 6 mois était de 85,7% avec une médiane de survie de 6,5 mois. CONCLUSION : Les glioblastomes demeurent une rareté chez l’enfant. Le traitement multimodal associant chirurgie d’exérèse, chimio- et radiothérapie reste le garant pour un meilleur pronostic.
WNF Commentary: Rapid Reviews
Authors: Lloyd Iva , Steel Amie 
Published: October 2021

At the time of writing this commentary, knowledge on the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and how to effectively treat it is lacking. The role of naturopathic treatment approaches or those from the realm of Traditional and Complementary Medicine (T&CM) have received limited attention with respect to their potential role in this pandemic.
Based on contemporary research evidence, traditional knowledge and the extensive training and experience of naturopathic doctors (NDs) in pharmacognosy, herbal medicine and clinical nutrition there is reason to believe that naturopathic approaches warrant consideration among the span of possible aids to the global response to COVID-19. Hence, the naturopathic profession undertook the task of conducting rapid reviews to assess the role of specific recommendations in the prevention or treatment of upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) inclusive of, but not limited to, COVID-19. The focus of all rapid reviews was limited to human studies specific to URTIs either as original research or systematic reviews.
With the support of nine naturopathic educational institutions which included a team of over 40 naturopathic researchers, practitioners and content experts from seven countries and five WHO world regions, in two short months the profession has produced ten rapid reviews related to the role of natural health products in treating acute respiratory tract infections, with a further two reviews in draft. These rapid reviews will be published individually and as a dedicated issue of the scientific journal Advances in Integrative Medicine (Elsevier publication). They will be made open-access – meaning they will be free for download. The Task Force was chaired by WNF President Dr Iva Lloyd with Dr Amie Steel and Professor Jon Wardle as research leads.
These rapid reviews demonstrate the naturopathic profession’s dedication to evidence-informed decision making and their commitment to being part of the solution to this global pandemic.
The following is a brief overview of the findings from the completed reviews.
Game Studies. Aproximaciones metodológicas desde la Historia del Arte Medieval
Authors: Castiñeiras López Javier 
Published: October 2021

En el presente artículo se ofrece un estado de la cuestión actualizado acerca de la relación del videojuego con el mundo de la cultura y de las disciplinas históricas. De manera concreta, se tratará de abordar el papel que la Historia del Arte Medieval puede ofrecer en el análisis y valoración de estos objetos culturales a partir de una doble vía definida, de una parte, por la Edad Media histórica y, de la otra, por el Medievo recreado. La saga Assassin´s Creed y títulos como Bloodborne o A Plague Tale: Innocence ofrecen visiones muy particulares de la arquitectura medieval y neomedieval, susceptibles todas ellas de formar parte del canon de obras medievalizantes de la cultura contemporánea y, por lo tanto, de ser objeto de estudio para la Historia del Arte Medieval.
The Role of Metal Coordination in the Antineoplastic Effects of Schiff‐Base‐Derived Compounds
Authors: Beraldo Heloisa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe present article contains examples of the multiple roles of metal coordination in the antineoplastic effects and in the mechanisms of action of Schiff‐base‐derived compounds. The influence of iron coordination and the involvement of the iron‐containing enzyme ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase (RDR) in the modes of action of thiosemicarbazones and hydrazones are discussed. The antineoplastic activities of some copper(II), gallium(III), gold(I,III), and other transition and main group metal complexes with Schiff‐base‐derived ligands are described, together with investigations on their mechanisms of action and on their interaction with cellular targets.
Dynamic Ligand Screening by Magnetic Nanoassembly Modulates Stem Cell Differentiation
Authors: Hong Hyunsik , Min Sunhong , Koo Sagang , Lee Yunjung , Yoon Jinho , Jang Woo Young , Kang Nayeon , Thangam Ramar , Choi Hyojun , Jung Hee Joon , Han Seong‐Beom , Wei Qiang , Yu Seung‐Ho , Kim Dong‐Hwee , Paulmurugan Ramasamy , Jeong Woong Kyo , Lee Ki‐Bum , Hyeon Taeghwan , Kim Dokyoon , Kang Heemin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn native microenvironment, diverse physical barriers exist to dynamically modulate stem cell recruitment and differentiation for tissue repair. In this study, nanoassembly‐based magnetic screens of various sizes are utilized, and they are elastically tethered over an RGD ligand (cell‐adhesive motif)‐presenting material surface to generate various nanogaps between the screens and the RGDs without modulating the RGD density. Large screens exhibiting low RGD distribution stimulate integrin clustering to facilitate focal adhesion, mechanotransduction, and differentiation of stem cells, which are not observed with small screens. Magnetic downward pulling of the large screens decreases the nanogaps, which dynamically suppress the focal adhesion, mechanotransduction, and differentiation of stem cells. Conversely, magnetic upward pulling of the small screens increases the nanogaps, which dynamically activates focal adhesion, mechanotransduction, and differentiation of stem cells. This regulation mechanism is also shown to be effective in the microenvironment in vivo. Further diversifying the geometries of the physical screens can further enable diverse modalities of multifaceted and safe unscreening of the distributed RGDs to unravel and modulate stem cell differentiation for tissue repair.
De Novo Synthesis of Free‐Standing Flexible 2D Intercalated Nanofilm Uniform over Tens of cm2
Authors: Ravat Prince , Uchida Hikaru , Sekine Ryosuke , Kamei Ko , Yamamoto Akihisa , Konovalov Oleg , Tanaka Motomu , Yamada Teppei , Harano Koji , Nakamura Eiichi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOf a variety of intercalated materials, 2D intercalated systems have attracted much attention both as materials per se, and as a platform to study atoms and molecules confined among nanometric layers. High‐precision fabrication of such structures has, however, been a difficult task using the conventional top‐down and bottom‐up approaches. The de novo synthesis of a 3‐nm‐thick nanofilm intercalating a hydrogen‐bonded network between two layers of fullerene molecules is reported here. The two‐layered film can be further laminated into a multiply film either in situ or by sequential lamination. The 3 nm film forms uniformly over an area of several tens of cm2 at an air/water interface and can be transferred to either flat or perforated substrates. A free‐standing film in air prepared by transfer to a gold comb electrode shows proton conductivity up to 1.4 × 10−4 S cm−1. Electron‐dose‐dependent reversible bending of a free‐standing 6‐nm‐thick nanofilm hung in a vacuum is observed under electron beam irradiation.
Ferromagnetic Resonance Vector Magnetic Sensor with High Sensitivity and Ultrawide Working Range
Authors: Wen Tao , Wang Zhiguang , Du Qin , Su Wei , Guan Mengmeng , Zhao Shishun , Wu Jingen , Hu Zhongqiang , Zhou Ziyao , Liu Ming 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLarge working range is of vital importance for magnetic sensors when exposed to complicated magnetic field profile, especially in automation and power industry where large field variation is frequently encountered. The design for traditional magnetic sensors, e.g., magnetoresistive and fluxgate magnetometers, utilizes ferromagnetic materials with ultrahigh permeability to maximize the field sensitivity, resulting in strictly confined dynamic range due to limited saturation field. Here, an integratable ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) prototype magnetic sensor with high sensitivity and theoretically unlimited working range is reported. An ultrawide working range (>450 mT) which is more than two orders larger than that of commercial sensors with similar field resolution is experimentally verified. Moreover, the FMR magnetometer is a vector sensor in contrast to the traditional scalar sensors based on magnetic resonance. With a navigating magnetic field of 50 μT (ca. the Earth's magnetic field), the resolution for azimuth angle is 0.006°. Compared with traditional nuclear magnetic resonance and electron paramagnetic resonance sensors with large size and high power consumption, the compact FMR sensor with large dynamic range and high sensitivity has much broader application prospects, especially in magnetically harsh environments.
Catalytic Asymmetric Halogenation/Semipinacol Rearrangement of 3‐Hydroxyl‐3‐vinyl Oxindoles: A Stereodivergent Kinetic Resolution Process
Authors: Dai Li , Liu Wen , Zhou Yuqiao , Zeng Zi , Hu Xinyue , Cao Weidi , Feng Xiaoming 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA highly enantioselective halogenation/semipinacol rearrangement of isatin‐derived allylic alcohols has been developed with a chiral N,N′‐dioxide/ScIII complex as catalyst. This strategy involved a pivotal stereodivergent kinetic resolution process and provided a facile and efficient entry to optically active halo‐substituted quinolone derivatives and quinoline alkaloids with a quaternary stereocenter simultaneously under mild reaction conditions. Based on the control experiments together with kinetic studies and DFT calculations, a possible catalytic cycle was proposed to illustrate the reaction process and enantiocontrol.
Enantioselective Tertiary Electrophile (Hetero)Benzylation: Pd‐Catalyzed Substitution of Isoprene Monoxide with Arylacetates**
Authors: Doyle Michael G. J. , Gabbey Alexis L. , McNutt Wesley , Lundgren Rylan J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe enantioselective generation of quaternary carbon centers remains challenging but is of growing importance for the preparation of functional molecules. Metal catalyzed allylic alkylations of tertiary electrophiles can provide access to these substructures but remain generally incompatible with organometallic benzyl nucleophiles. Here we demonstrate that electron‐deficient arylacetates can serve as benzyl nucleophile surrogates to generate enantioenriched acyclic molecules containing a quaternary carbon center via a two‐step substitution–decarboxylation process using isoprene monoxide. Products are often obtained in >90 % ee using a commercially available catalyst. An array of electron‐withdrawing functional groups on the arylacetate moiety are tolerated. The lactone generated by the initial substitution reaction can be used in further stereoselective transformations to prepare molecules with acyclic vicinal quaternary stereocenters.
Quantifying Mechanical Properties of Molecular Crystals: A Critical Overview of Experimental Elastic Tensors
Authors: Spackman Peter R. , Grosjean Arnaud , Thomas Sajesh P. , Karothu Durga Prasad , Naumov Panče , Spackman Mark A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis review presents a critical and comprehensive overview of current experimental measurements of complete elastic constant tensors for molecular crystals. For a large fraction of these molecular crystals, detailed comparisons are made with elastic tensors obtained using the corrected small basis set Hartree–Fock method S‐HF‐3c, and these are shown to be competitive with many of those obtained from more sophisticated density functional theory plus dispersion (DFT‐D) approaches. These detailed comparisons between S‐HF‐3c, experimental and DFT‐D computed tensors make use of a novel rotation‐invariant spherical harmonic description of the Young's modulus, and identify outliers among sets of independent experimental results. The result is a curated database of experimental elastic tensors for molecular crystals, which we hope will stimulate more extensive use of elastic tensor information—experimental and computational—in studies aimed at correlating mechanical properties of molecular crystals with their underlying crystal structure.
Magnetization Dynamics on Isotope‐Isomorphic Holmium Single‐Molecule Magnets
Authors: Liu Yang , Ho Le Tuan Anh , Huang Guo‐Zhang , Chen Yan‐Cong , Ungur Liviu , Liu Jun‐Liang , Tong Ming‐Liang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHere we reported the deuteration of the metal‐binding equatorial water molecules in a reported HoIII single‐molecule magnet (SMM) with pentagonal‐bipyramidal geometry, from [Ho(CyPh2PO)2(H2O)5]3+ to [Ho(CyPh2PO)2(D2O)5]3+. The hyperfine structures originating from the nuclear spin of 165HoIII can be clearly observed. Moreover, the resulting magnetization dynamics revealed the switch of the relative relaxation rates for the two isotope‐isomorphic complexes—respectively faster/slower at low/high temperature. The noticeable isotope effect arises from not only the paramagnetic metal center but also the diamagnetic ligands, which can be explained by the ab initio calculated tunnel splitting and the involvement of the super‐hyperfine interaction related to the difference in the nuclear spin number of protium (1H, I=1/2) and deuterium (2H, I=1).
An on‐surface Diels–Alder reaction
Authors: Castro‐Esteban Jesús , Albrecht Florian , Fatayer Shadi , Pérez Dolores , Gross Leo , Peña Diego 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Diels–Alder reaction is one of the most popular reactions in organic chemistry. However, its use in the field of on‐surface synthesis is hampered by the spatial restrictions of this cycloaddition reaction. Herein we selected a cyclic strained triyne to demonstrate an on‐surface hexadehydro‐Diels–Alder reaction in a single molecule. The reaction was studied in detail by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM) with CO‐functionalized tips. Our results pave the way to use this iconic pericyclic reaction for on‐surface synthesis, introducing the concept of atom economy in the field.
A Strategy for Site‐ and Chemoselective C−H Alkenylation through Osmaelectrooxidative Catalysis
Authors: Choi Isaac , Messinis Antonis M. , Hou Xiaoyan , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHerein, we disclose osmaelectrocatalyzed C−H activations that set the stage for electrooxidative alkyne annulations by benzoic acids. The osmium electrocatalysis enables site‐ and chemoselective electrooxidative C−H activations with unique levels of selectivity. The isolation of unprecedented osmium(0) and osmium(II) intermediates, along with crystallographic characterization and analyses by spectrometric and spectroscopic in operando techniques delineate a synergistic osmium redox catalyst regime. Detailed mechanistic studies revealed a facile C−H cleavage, which allows for an ample substrate scope, providing provide robust and user‐friendly access to annulated heterocycles.
Catalytic Asymmetric Inverse‐Electron‐Demand Diels–Alder Reactions of 2‐Pyrones with Indenes: Total Syntheses of Cephanolides A and B
Authors: Lu Yang , Xu Meng‐Meng , Zhang Zhi‐Mao , Zhang Junliang , Cai Quan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAn inverse‐electron‐demand Diels–Alder (IEDDA) reaction could complement the conventional normal‐electron‐demand Diels–Alder reaction in the synthesis of six‐membered carbocycles. However, catalytic asymmetric all‐carbon‐based IEDDA reactions are underdeveloped. Herein, we disclosed a copper‐catalyzed asymmetric IEDDA reaction using electron‐deficient 3‐carboalkoxyl‐2‐pyrones and electronically unbiased indenes as reactants. This method enables the rapid and enantioselective construction of a wide range of hexahydrofluorenyl bridged‐lactone scaffolds. Using this method, asymmetric total syntheses of cephanolides A and B were accomplished.
Evolution of Cationic Vacancy Defects: A Motif for Surface Restructuration of OER Precatalyst
Authors: Wu Yi‐jin , Yang Jian , Tu Teng‐xiu , Li Wei‐qiong , Zhang Peng‐fang , Zhou Yao , Li Jian‐feng , Li Jun‐tao , Sun Shi‐Gang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDefects have been found to enhance the electrocatalytic performance of NiFe‐LDH for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Nevertheless, their specific configuration and the role played in regulating the surface reconstruction of electrocatalysts remain ambiguous. Herein, cationic vacancy defects are generated via aprotic‐solvent‐solvation‐induced leaking of metal cations from NiFe‐LDH nanosheets. DFT calculation and in situ Raman spectroscopic observation both reveal that the as‐generated cationic vacancy defects tend to exist as VM (M=Ni/Fe); under increasing applied voltage, they tend to assume the configuration VMOH, and eventually transform into VMOH‐H which is the most active yet most difficult to form thermodynamically. Meanwhile, with increasing voltage the surface crystalline Ni(OH)x in the NiFe‐LDH is gradually converted into disordered status; under sufficiently high voltage when oxygen bubbles start to evolve, local NiOOH species become appearing, which is the residual product from the formation of vacancy VMOH‐H. Thus, we demonstrate that the cationic defects evolve along with increasing applied voltage (VM → VMOH → VMOH‐H), and reveal the essential motif for the surface restructuration process of NiFe‐LDH (crystalline Ni(OH)x → disordered Ni(OH)x → NiOOH). Our work provides insight into defect‐induced surface restructuration behaviors of NiFe‐LDH as a typical precatalyst for efficient OER electrocatalysis.
3D Binary Mesocrystals from Anisotropic Nanoparticles
Authors: Jenewein Christian , Avaro Jonathan , Appel Christian , Liebi Marianne , Cölfen Helmut 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBinary mesocrystals offer the combination of nanocrystal properties in an ordered superstructure. Here, we demonstrate the simultaneous self‐assembly of platinum and iron oxide nanocubes into micrometer‐sized 3D mesocrystals using the gas‐phase diffusion technique. By the addition of minor amounts of a secondary particle type tailored to nearly identical size, shape and surface chemistry, we were able to promote a random incorporation of foreign particles into a self‐assembling host lattice. The random distribution of the binary particle types on the surface and within its bulk has been visualized using advanced transmission and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The 20–40 μm sized binary mesocrystals have been further characterized through wide and small angle scattering techniques to reveal a long‐range ordering on the atomic scale throughout the crystal while showing clear evidence that the material consists of individual building blocks. Through careful adjustments of the crystallization parameters, we could further obtain a reverse superstructure, where incorporated particles and host lattice switch roles.
General Tolerance of Galactosyltransferases toward UDP‐galactosamine Expands Their Synthetic Capability
Authors: Fu Xuan , Gadi Madhusudhan Reddy , Wang Shuaishuai , Han Jinghua , Liu Ding , Chen Xi , Yin Jun , Li Lei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAccessing large numbers of structurally diverse glycans and derivatives is essential to functional glycomics. We showed a general tolerance of galactosyltransferases toward uridine‐diphosphate‐galactosamine (UDP‐GalN), which is not a commonly used sugar nucleotide donor. The property was harnessed to develop a two‐step chemoenzymatic strategy for facile synthesis of novel and divergent N‐acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)‐glycosides and derivatives in preparative scales. The discovery and the application of the new property of existing glycosyltransferases expand their catalytic capabilities in generating novel carbohydrate linkages, thus prompting the synthesis of diverse glycans and glycoconjugates for biological studies.