bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Narratives of experiences of violence of Venezuelan migrant women sheltered at the northwestern Brazilian border
Authors: Makuch Maria Y. , Osis Maria J. D. , Becerra Alejandra , Brasil Cinthia , de Amorim Helder S. F. , Bahamondes Luis 
Published: November 2021

Objectives
To know the experiences of Venezuelan migrant women living in shelters in Roraima state at the northwestern border between Venezuela and Brazil regarding situations of violence as part of the dynamics of everyday life.

Materials and methods
Data were collected in January 2020 through 12 focus group discussions (FGDs) with 5 to 14 Venezuelan migrant women aged 18–49 years old living transitorily in five shelters established by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the Brazilian government. We obtained individual and shared views on the experiences regarding violence that migrant women may experience in their everyday life. To organize the FGDs, variations in age and the time women were living at the shelters were considered. All FGDs were held in a place at the shelter that guaranteed privacy and secrecy so that women could express themselves freely. The initial question was broad and open ended and was followed by more specific questions about situations of domestic violence and other types of violence.

Results
The main themes identified were the following: i) women’s perceptions on domestic violence, ii) women’s perceptions on how humanitarian organizations were managing the episodes of domestic violence, and iii) situations considered violence in everyday life at the shelters. The FGDs showed that the reported violence inside the shelters was high, and several forms of violence emerged. Violence was identified as physical aggression and psychological threats, and violence in everyday life at the shelter included xenophobia when the migrants went outside the shelters that was perceived and described as violence.

Conclusions
According to the perspective of Venezuelan migrant women violence was part of everyday life among those living in the UNHCR shelters at the northwestern border of Brazil-Venezuela. These women are not comfortable with this situation, and it is difficult for them to understand and handle the episodes of violence.
Cancellation of outpatient appointments in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Nomura Kensuke , Tarumi Ryosuke , Yoshida Kazunari , Sado Mitsuhiro , Suzuki Takefumi , Mimura Masaru , Uchida Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2021

Background
Regular visit to psychiatric clinic is essential for successful treatment of any psychiatric condition including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD). However, cancellation of outpatient appointments in patients with AD/HD, which represents a significant medical loss, has not been systematically investigated to our knowledge.

Methods
A systematic chart review was conducted for patients visiting the Shimada Ryoiku medical Center for Challenged Children in Japan at the age of ≤15 years from January to December 2013. The primary outcome measure was the cancellation rate, defined as the number of missed visits divided by the number of scheduled visits. The cancellation rates during 24 months after the first visit were compared between outpatients with AD/HD and other psychiatric disorders, including pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), and developmental coordination disorders and/or communication disorders (DCD-CD). A generalized linear model with binomial distribution was used to examine factors associated with cancellation rates exclusively in the AD/HD group.

Results
We included 589 patients (mean ± SD age, 5.6 ± 3.4 years; 432 males) in the analysis. The cancellation rate in patients with AD/HD was 12.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.0–15.1), which was significantly higher than in those with PDD (5.6%, 95% CI: 3.8–8.3) and DCD-CD (5.3%, 95% CI: 3.6–7.8). Prescriptions of osmotic-release oral system-methylphenidate (OROS-MPH) and antipsychotics were associated with fewer cancellations in AD/HD patients (odds ratios: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.39–0.95 and 0.49, 95% CI: 0.25–0.95, respectively), although these significances did not find in the subgroup analysis including only patients with ≥ 6 years old.

Conclusions
Patients with AD/HD were more likely to miss appointments compared to those with other psychiatric disorders. The impact of AD/HD medications as well as potential psychiatric symptoms of their parents or caregivers on appointment cancellations needs to be evaluated in more detail in future investigations.
Selected predictors of parental satisfaction with child nursing care in paediatric wards in Poland—Cross-sectional study
Authors: Kruszecka-Krówka Agnieszka , Cepuch Grażyna , Gniadek Agnieszka , Smoleń Ewa , Piskorz-Ogórek Krystyna , Micek Agnieszka 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundAssessment of parental satisfaction with child nursing is the key issue in evaluation of the care quality, enabling the adjustment of the services provided to the needs and expectations of recipients, and thus ensuring safety and achieving better long-term health effects.AimAssessment of parental satisfaction with child nursing in paediatric wards including its determinants.Material and methodsThe study covered 1030 parents of children hospitalised in paediatric and surgical wards of seven hospitals of different levels of health security in Poland. The Polish adaptation of the Empathic standardised questionnaire for assessment of the level of parents’ satisfaction with nursing care, developed by Latour et al. and the self-constructed summary of socio-demographic data were applied in the study.ResultsMore than 90% of respondents expressed high level of satisfaction with nurses’ Availability, the lowest, but still high score of respondents’ satisfaction was observed for Parental Participation. The highest satisfaction was observed among the parents of children at the preschool, early school and puberty stage, admitted to the hospital on the elective basis, referred for diagnostic assessment and with the length of hospital stay less than 7 and longer than 28 days. Achieving preschool age was the strongest factor which increased assessment of satisfaction in most domains.ConclusionsThere is a need for optimising nursing care especially in the area of parental participation. The nursing care’ quality improvement plan in paediatric departments should focus particularly on early childhood patients and their parents who are the most critical in satisfaction’ assessment.
An Unusual Gastric Polyp: Brunneroma
Authors: Mhanna Jad , Francis Fadi F. , Sabatto Bassel Zein , Tawil Ayman , Hashash Jana G. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Brunneromas or polypoid hamartomas are benign lesions arising from Brunner glands. They are usually benign lesions with low potential for malignancy. They are usually located in the duodenum and manifest with different unspecific symptoms, such as abdominal pain, nausea, or bloating. Other more serious manifestations are also reported in the literature that are related to the size of the lesion. Usually, they are treated with endoscopic resection, with some lesions requiring surgical intervention. We present a case of a gastric antral polypoid lesion that was consistent with Brunneroma on histology.
A Potential Treatment of Congenital Sodium Diarrhea in Patients With Activating GUCY2C Mutations
Authors: van Vugt Anke H.M. , Bijvelds Marcel J.C. , de Jonge Hugo R. , Meijsen Kelly F. , Restin Tanja , Bryant Manuel B. , Ballauff Antje , Koot Bart , Müller Thomas , Houwen Roderick H.J. , Janecke Andreas R. , Middendorp Sabine 
Published: November 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Gain-of-function mutations in guanylyl cyclase C (GCC) result in persistent diarrhea with perinatal onset. We investigated a specific GCC inhibitor, SSP2518, for its potential to treat this disorder.

METHODS:
We investigated the effect of SSP2518 on GCC-mediated intracellular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels and on GCC-mediated chloride secretion in intestinal organoids from 3 patients with distinct activating GCC mutations and from controls, with and without stimulation of GCC with heat-stable enterotoxin.

RESULTS:
Patient-derived organoids had significantly higher basal cGMP levels than control organoids, which were lowered by SSP2518 to levels found in control organoids. In addition, SSP2518 significantly reduced cGMP levels and chloride secretion in patient-derived and control organoids (P < 0.05 for all comparisons) after heat-stable enterotoxin stimulation.

DISCUSSION:
We reported in this study that the GCC inhibitor SSP2518 normalizes cGMP levels in intestinal organoids derived from patients with GCC gain-of-function mutations and markedly reduces cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator–dependent chloride secretion, the driver of persistent diarrhea.
Pancreatic Cancer–Related Mutational Burden Is Not Increased in a Patient Cohort With Clinically Severe Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Cowan Robert W. , Pratt Erica D. , Kang Jin Muk , Zhao Jun , Wilhelm Joshua J. , Abdulla Muhamad , Qiao Edmund M. , Brennan Luke P. , Ulintz Peter J. , Bellin Melena D. , Rhim Andrew D. 
Published: November 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Chronic pancreatitis is associated with an increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer, and patients with inherited forms of pancreatitis are at greatest risk. We investigated whether clinical severity of pancreatitis could also be an indicator of cancer risk independent of etiology by performing targeted DNA sequencing to assess the mutational burden in 55 cancer-associated genes.

METHODS:
Using picodroplet digital polymerase chain reaction and next-generation sequencing, we reported the genomic profiles of pancreases from severe clinical cases of chronic pancreatitis that necessitated palliative total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation.

RESULTS:
We assessed 57 tissue samples from 39 patients with genetic and idiopathic etiologies and found that despite the clinical severity of disease, there was no corresponding increase in mutational burden. The average allele frequency of somatic variants was 1.19% (range 1.00%–5.97%), and distinct regions from the same patient displayed genomic heterogeneity, suggesting that these variants are subclonal. Few oncogenic KRAS mutations were discovered (7% of all samples), although we detected evidence of frequent cancer-related variants in other genes such as TP53, CDKN2A, and SMAD4. Of note, tissue samples with oncogenic KRAS mutations and samples from patients with PRSS1 mutations harbored an increased total number of somatic variants, suggesting that these patients may have increased genomic instability and could be at an increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer.

DISCUSSION:
Overall, we showed that even in those patients with chronic pancreatitis severe enough to warrant total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation, pancreatic cancer–related mutational burden is not appreciably increased.
Analysis of Earnings Management Practices Using the Modified Jones Model on the Industry Company Index Kompas 100
Authors: Indriani Azizah Defi , Pujiono Pujiono 
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to examine the issue of differences in earnings management patterns in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Earnings management can occur because company management wants to take advantage of accounting descriptions/policies under the character of the assets, existing in each of these industries. This study used a Modified Jones Model approach in determining earnings management proxies. Besides, it also used analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test whether there were differences in earnings management patterns. The data were consisted of 450 companies from 8 industrial sectors in the Kompas 100 Stock Index during 2015-2019. They were from various industries; essential and chemical industry; consumer goods; services; mining, oil, natural gas; plantation; property and real estate; and banking. The result shows that there are differences in earnings management patterns between industrial sectors. Therefore, Â company managementÂ practices earnings management following the characteristics of each industry. The research also suggests that the next study should analyze the comparison of earnings management with other models to determine the consistency of results.
Fiscal Decentralization and Fiscal Multiplier in China
Authors: Guo Fei , Opoku Eric Evans Osei , Hynes Kate , Yan Isabel Kit-Ming 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A fundamental aspect of China’s transition to a market economy is the change in fiscal decentralization marked by the tax reform in 1993. This paper examines the effect of revenue and expenditure decentralization and their divergences on fiscal spending multipliers in China using nationally aggregate and provincial-level data from 1978 to 2017. Our investigations show that expenditure decentralization weakens the efficacy of spending policies, while revenue decentralization enhances the efficacy. Moreover, the divergence of revenue and expenditure decentralization has significantly decreased the provincial spending multiplier, while its effect on the aggregate spending multiplier is insignificant. The provincial results are robust to the inclusion of off-budgetary expenditure and revenue, using different estimates of multipliers and different measures of fiscal decentralization, considering from a long-run perspective, and addressing the endogeneity issue.
Using humor to disguise racism in television news: the case of the Roma
Authors: Breazu Petre , Machin David 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIt has been argued that more research is needed on the role of humor in the expression of racism. One reason is that, in the ‘post racial’ society, overt racism has become publicly unacceptable and, therefore, tends to appear in more concealed forms. In this paper, as part of a larger project on media representations of the Roma, we look at the role of humor in a Romanian television news clip reporting on the financial rewards of begging. We draw on the critical scholarship in humor research and carry out a multimodal critical discourse analysis of a news report selected from a larger corpus. We argue that through humor a recontextualisation of the Roma’s situation takes place, transforming their actual situation of poverty and social marginalisation into a humorous account of cultural failure, incompetence, stupidity and calculated money grabbing. We show that humor is one way by which culture becomes represented as embodied by ethnic minorities.
Amelioration of sodium fluoride induced oxidative stress by Cynometra travancorica Bedd in mice
Authors: Meera Nair , Divya Menon K. , Silpa Prabha , Pareeth Chennattu M. , Raghavamenon Achuthan C. , Babu Thekkekara D. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objectives

Cynometra travancorica, endemic to Western Ghats of India is pharmacologically similar to Saraca asoca and occasionally used as substitute in a well-known Ayurvedic uterine tonic Asokarishta. S. asoca possess various biological properties, but there are no reports on C. travancorica. The present study evaluated the pharmacological properties of C. travancorica and its efficacy in attenuating the sodium fluoride (NaF) induced oxidative stress in mice.

Methods
Antioxidant potential of methanolic extract of C. travancorica (CTE) stem bark was evaluated using DPPH, superoxide radical scavenging and total antioxidant assays. The effect of CTE on mitigating NaF deteriorated redox status in the liver tissue of mice was evaluated. Functional groups in CTE were analyzed by FTIR analysis.

Results
CTE effectively scavenged the free radicals in in vitro condition. CTE could augment catalase (46.6%), superoxide dismutase (53.8%) activities and GSH level (48.1%) against NaF induced decline in the liver tissue of mice. The peroxidation of lipids was found to be decreased by 44.9% and tissue damage abated as inferred by histopathology. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of biologically active functional groups in CTE.

Conclusions
The study revealed the ameliorative effect of C. travancorica against NaF induced deleterious effect in experimental animals by its potent antioxidant potential.
New and emerging technologies for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections
Authors: Harris Mohammed , Fasolino Tracy 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Urinary tract infections affect 150 million people worldwide, yet the diagnosis of this common infection is not straightforward. Misdiagnoses and incorrect prescriptions are frequent in the treatment of urinary tract infections; this also contributes to the increase in antibiotic resistance among pathogens. Present diagnostic practices take 2–3 days for pathogen identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing. New technologies are urgently needed for improved patient care as well as to promote antibiotic stewardship. An ideal new diagnostic technology will test clinical urine samples directly and identify the pathogen and determine its antibiotic susceptibilities within a few hours such that the patient can be prescribed the appropriate antibiotic treatment the same day. Screening tools, such as flow cytometers and new dipstick assays, can help with rapidly identifying negative samples and improving workflow and reducing costs. Several groups have made progress in optimizing mass spectrometry methods for direct urine processing, and there are also new multiplex PCR panels that are specific for UTI pathogens and antibiotic resistance. We also discuss several emerging technologies – microfluidics, biosensors, real-time microscopy systems, and sequence-based diagnostics – that show huge potential in delivering rapid results.
Introducing Berry phase gradients along the optical path via propagation-dependent polarization transformations
Authors: Dorrah Ahmed H. , Tamagnone Michele , Rubin Noah A. , Zaidi Aun , Capasso Federico 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
As a classical or quantum system undergoes a cyclic evolution governed by slow change in its parameter space, it acquires a topological phase factor known as the geometric or Berry phase. One popular manifestation of this phenomenon is the Gouy phase which arises when the radius of curvature of the wavefront changes adiabatically in a cyclic manner, for e.g., when focused by a lens. Here, we report on a new manifestation of the Berry phase in 3D structured light which arises when its polarization state adiabatically evolves along the optical path. We show that such a peculiar evolution of angular momentum, which occurs under free space propagation, is accompanied by an accumulated phase shift that elegantly coincides with Berry’s prediction. Unlike the conventional dynamic phase, which accumulates monotonically with propagation, the Berry phase observed here can be engineered on demand, thereby enabling new possibilities; such as spin-dependent spatial frequency shifts, and modified phase matching in resonators and nonlinear interactions. Our findings expand the laws of wave propagation and can be applied in optics and beyond.
Rechtssoziologie zwischen Wissenschaft und social engineering. Zum historischen Verständnis interdisziplinärer Reflexionsprobleme
Authors: Bora Alfons 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
In den Selbstreflexionen der Rechtssoziologie sind wissenschaftliche Autonomie und gesellschaftliche Praxis in unterschiedlicher Weise jeweils einseitig besetzt worden und zusätzlich mit einer asymmetrischen Nützlichkeits-Fragestellung, also mit einem reduzierten Praxis-Diskurs gekoppelt worden. Das führt einerseits zu einem eher unterkomplexen Social-engineering-Modell der Rechtssoziologie, andererseits zu einer Sublimation wissenschaftlicher Autonomie und damit zu einer theoretisch nicht zwingend erforderlichen Immunisierung gegen Praxis-Diskurse innerhalb der Soziologie als Wissenschaft. Für die Rechtssoziologie, so die zugrundeliegende Vermutung, hat sich diese Konstellation als ein Hindernis für eine erfolgreiche Institutionalisierung erwiesen.
Automatic Recognition of Macaque Facial Expressions for Detection of Affective States
Authors: Morozov Anna , Parr Lisa A. , Gothard Katalin , Paz Rony , Pryluk Raviv 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInternal affective states produce external manifestations such as facial expressions. In humans, the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) is widely used to objectively quantify the elemental facial action units (AUs) that build complex facial expressions. A similar system has been developed for macaque monkeys—the Macaque FACS (MaqFACS); yet, unlike the human counterpart, which is already partially replaced by automatic algorithms, this system still requires labor-intensive coding. Here, we developed and implemented the first prototype for automatic MaqFACS coding. We applied the approach to the analysis of behavioral and neural data recorded from freely interacting macaque monkeys. The method achieved high performance in the recognition of six dominant AUs, generalizing between conspecific individuals (Macaca mulatta) and even between species (Macaca fascicularis). The study lays the foundation for fully automated detection of facial expressions in animals, which is crucial for investigating the neural substrates of social and affective states.
Teachers' social and emotional competence: A new approach of teacher education in Vietnam
Authors: Dung Do Thi , Zsolnai Anikó 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn the last two decades more and more studies have emphasized the central role of teachers' social and emotional competence in their teaching performance. In spite of this, there are not enough programs focused on developing teachers' social and emotional competence that are integrated into teacher education. This is particularly true in Vietnam where the concepts of social and emotional competence (SEC) and social and emotional learning (SEL) are rather new. In the study, we present four main emerging impact aspects of teachers' SEC including teachers' well-being and career motivation, teacher-student relationship, classroom management, and the effectiveness of SEL implementation. The article gives some recommendations for teacher education regarding SEC issue in Vietnam as well. These recommendations would contribute to develop a new approach of teacher education to meet the country's new general education curriculum enacted in 2020.