bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LTBP2 Serves as a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with the Immune Infiltration in Stomach and Colon Cancer
Authors: Chen Shuai , Wang Zhihuai , Gong Yu , Liu Hanyang , Yang Haojun , Zhou Yan , Tang Liming 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Latent transforming growth factor β binding protein 2 (LTBP2) involved in the TGF pathway to induce immunosuppression and immune response. However, the association between the outcome of patients, the infiltrating immune cell and LTBP2 expression is still unclear in human cancers. The LTBP2 expression was analyzed by TIIMER and Oncomine database. Based on the Prognoscan database, the GEPIA database, and the Kaplan-Meier plotter database, the prognostic value was assessed. The immune and stromal score of tumors was calculated through ESTIMATE. We additionally explore the relationship among the LTBP2 expression, the infiltrating immune cells, and its gene markers in the TIMER, TISIDB, and GEPIA database, the enriched KEGG pathways of LTBP2 were evaluated by GSEA. The result showed that LTBP2 expressed differently among the normal and tumor tissues in various sorts of cancer involving stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) and colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), and three cohorts of COAD presented that the LTBP2 high expression was linked with poorer disease-free survival and the elevated LTBP2 expression correlated with progression-free survival and poorer overall survival in STAD. The LTBP2 was correlated with the stromal and immune score in different cancers. The infiltrating immune cells include the CD8+T cells and CD4+T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells were correlated with the LTBP2 expression. Meanwhile, LTBP2 was related to the infiltrating immune cell’s gene markers and enriched immune-related pathways in STAD and COAD. LTBP2 was the potential to be an independent predictor for the prognosis and a new target for immunotherapy in STAD and COAD.
Enhancement of Recombinase-Aided Amplification (Raa) Assay by Betaine and Pullulan
Authors: Wang Jinrong , Song Guowei , Ming Yue , Pan Jing , Zhang Ruiqing , Fan Guohao , Gao Yuan , Shen Xinxin , Ma Xuejun , Li Lixin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this research, nucleic acid amplification enhancers suitable for recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) assay were studied for the first time, and amplification of a long-fragment (509 bp) by the RAA assay was initially explored. Using recombinant plasmids and clinical samples, RAA fluorescence and basic methods were used to evaluate the efficacy. The fluorescence method was evaluated by threshold time (TT) and fluorescence value, and the basic method was interpreted by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis. Taking a previously established RAA assay for HPV18 as an example, we demonstrated that the addition of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 M betaine and 10% pullulan could enhance RAA. The new RAA assays with betaine and pullulan were called B-RAA and P-RAA, respectively. In the B-RAA and P-RAA fluorescence methods, TT values could be shortened by 1.72–2.32 and 2.60 minutes, respectively, and fluorescence values could be enhanced by 8847.25–9094.37 and 5250 mv, respectively. In the basic method, sensitivity could be increased by 10-fold. We successfully amplified a long-fragment of 509 bp in a P-RAA assay with a sensitivity of 102 copies/μL (compared with 103 copies/μL in the RAA assay). We thus conclude that betaine and pullulan are effective additives to enhance RAA assays.
High expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) associates with favourable responsiveness to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Xiong Kai , Ye Yunfei , Li Jian , Lei Lin , Xiao He , Yang Xueqin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The responsiveness to preoperative neoadjuvant therapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is significantly related to the surgical effect and long-term prognosis of patients. Biomarkers for predicting the effect of preoperative neoadjuvant therapy of ESCC are urgently needed in clinical practice. M2 macrophage in the tumor microenvironment (TME) has been confirmed to have a definite correlation with neoadjuvant therapy. However, the research on the potential functional genes of M2 macrophage has not been carried out. The purpose of this study is to systematically screen the potential functional genes of M2 macrophages and verify the correlation between the expression of screened genes and responsiveness to neoadjuvant therapy in ESCC.Methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to screen the potential functional genes of M2 macrophages systematically. The correlation between the screened genes and responsiveness to neoadjuvant therapy in ESCC was analyzed in the training set GSE45670 and the validation set GSE104958. The correlation of the screened genes was confirmed in a cohort of 27 patients using immunohistochemistry (IHC).Results: A total of 11 M2 macrophage potential functional genes were screened out. The suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and ORAI calcium release-activated calcium modulator 3 (ORAI3) were selected for subsequent verification. The expression of SOCS1 and ORAI3 in 27 cases of ESCC was evaluated by the H-score system. The result showed that the high expression of SOCS1 was significantly correlated with favourable responsiveness to preoperative neoadjuvant therapy (AUC = 0.830, 95% CI: 0.647-1, P = 0.006). No significant correlation was found between the expression of ORAI3 and neoadjuvant therapy in ESCC (AUC=0.688, 95% CI: 0.478-0.899, P=0.117).Conclusion: The high expression of SOCS1 in the local tumor microenvironment is significantly correlated with favourable responsiveness to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with ESCC, which can be used as a biomarker to predict the responsiveness to neoadjuvant therapy, and has certain clinical value.
Religion and Desire for Additional Children in a Son-preference and Low Fertility Society: Evidence From Vietnam
Authors: Yen Nguyen Thi Hai , Dang Truc Ngoc Hoang , Sukontamarn Pataporn 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The association between religion and desire for additional children has remained controversial and varies depending on the social context of the study. This study empirically investigates the relationship between religion and desire for additional children in Vietnam, a society characterized by son preference and low fertility. Methods: Using nationally representative data from the 2014 Vietnam Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, the study employs Probit regression analysis to investigate the relationship between religion and desire for additional children among women of reproductive age (15-49). The sample consists of 5,585 women across all six economic regions. Results: Religion has a strong impact on the desire to have an additional child, and the relationship differs across economic regions. In three out of six regions, Christians have higher fertility desire compared to non-religious people. Fertility desire of Buddhists differs from fertility desire of non-religious people in two out of six regions, namely Northern Midlands and Mekong River. Fertility desire of those belonging to other religions is different from that of non-religious people only in Mekong River. Conclusions: Identifying the impact of religion on desire for additional children can help promote appropriate family planning policies. The study also demonstrates that son preference exists in all regions of Vietnam, with the level increasing from the South, towards the Central and peaks in the North, especially in the regions bordering China.
The Difficulty of Severe Post-liposuction Infragluteal Deformity Correction by Autologous Fat Transplantation: A Case Report
Authors: Yang Mingzi , Gu Yunpeng , Sun Jingjing , Lv Qianwen , Qi Yue , Jin Ji , Liu Zhenjun , Qi Zuoliang , Ma Guie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Overaggressive liposuction of the infragluteal region can lead to iatrogenic infragluteal fold deformity and result in aesthetic defect of gluteal contour.Case presentation: We report a case of using autologous fat transplantation to correct severe post-liposuction infragluteal fold deformity. In the process of reconstruction, the patient experienced fat graft over absorbed, fat graft translocation and gluteal ptosis aggravation. Despite multiple operations, the effect of fat transplantation is limit.Conclusions: Severe post-liposuction infragluteal deformity is very difficult to correct. We suggest that the infragluteal region should be reserved as possible during liposuction to avoid deformity.
Individualized Prediction of Stage I Colorectal Cancer Recurrence Using a Nomogram
Authors: Zhuang Aobo , Zhu Dexiang , Lin Qi , Xu Pingping , He Guodong , Ren Li , Wei Ye , Xu Jianmin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Though the prognosis of stage l colorectal cancer (CRC) is suitable, some patients still recurrence and have a poor prognosis. Few prognostic risk models have been proposed. Therefore, we aimed to identify factors affecting the recurrence in patients with stage I CRC and develop a predictive nomogram.
Methods

The nomogram was based on a retrospective study on patients who underwent radical surgery for stage I CRC at Zhongshan Hospital (Shanghai, China) between August 2008 and December 2016. Predictive factors for recurrence were determined and a nomogram predicting recurrence-free survival was constructed based on Cox regression. This model was internally validated, and performance was evaluated through calibration plots.
Results

A total of 1,359 patients who underwent curative surgery for stage I CRC were enrolled. With the 62.0 months median follow-up time,71 (5.2%) experienced recurrence. The median time to recurrence was 24 months, 70% was diagnosed within three years after curative resection and 80% within 5 years. The 5-year cumulative recurrence rate was 5.0%, and the 10-year recurrence rate was 6.6%. In multivariate Cox analysis, age, preoperative serum CEA concentration, preoperative serum CA19-9 concentration, preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, primary tumor location and lymphovascular invasion were the independent predictors of recurrence. A nomogram based on eight factors for recurrence-free survival was developed and internally validated. The concordance index of the nomogram was 0.716.
Conclusions

For stage I CRC, more than one in every twenty people may experience recurrence within 10 years after radical surgery. The nomogram we developed and internally validated might be helpfulhelpful in postoperative stage I CRC surveillance.
Sake yeast induces the sleep-promoting effects under the stress-induced acute insomnia in mice
Authors: Nishimon Shohei , Sakai Noriaki , Nishino Seiji 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Sleep deprivation induces adverse effects on the health, productivity, and performance. The individuals who could not get enough sleep temporarily experience the symptoms of an induced acute insomnia. This study investigated the efficacy of sake yeast in treatment of acute insomnia in mice. The results of this study showed that sake yeast induced a significant dose-dependent wake reduction, a rapid eye movement (REM) and a non-REM (NREM) sleep enhancement during the first 6 h after the oral administration of sake yeast with locomotor activity and core body temperature decreases under the stressful environment in a new cage. In fact, the wake amounts at 3 h and 6 h were significantly reduced after the oral administration of sake yeast compared with the vehicle. The NREM sleep amounts at 3 h and 6 h significantly increased after the administration of sake yeast compared with the vehicle. The REM amount at 6 h significantly increased after the administration of sake yeast compared with the vehicle, but not at 3 h. The previous study suggested that the sleep-promoting effects of sake yeast could be referred from the activating effect of adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR). In conclusion, the sake yeast is a potential therapeutic agent for acute insomnia, being a A2AR agonist with stress-reducing and anti-anxiety properties, constituting a promising adjuvant treatment strategy for acute insomnia to traditional pharmacotherapy.
Mass Screening Using Saliva Samples and Pooled Testing Strategy For SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR Detection in Latvia
Authors: Gavars Didzis , Gavars Mikus , Perminov Dmitry , Stasulans Janis , Stana Justine , Metla Zane , Pavare Jana , Tauckels Eriks , Dumpis Uga , Gulbis Egils 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe number of COVID-19 cases is increasing globally and there is an urgency for a simple non-invasive method for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Our study aimed to demonstrate that saliva can be used as a specimen for SARS-CoV-2 detection notably for the screening of extensive population groups via pooling. MethodsWe performed 36 serial measurements of 8 SARS-CoV-2 positive saliva samples to confirm the stability of the specimen and completed 37 pools of saliva samples by adding one positive specimen per pool. We collected paired nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swabs (NPS) and saliva specimens and processed them within 24 hours of collection. To demonstrate that saliva is an appropriate specimen for SARS-CoV-2 detection a field study including 3,660 participants was performed between September 29 and October 1, 2020. A new solution for distribution and collection of self-sampled saliva was designed, produced and installed. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.ResultsSaliva specimens were stable for testing for up to 24 hours. The results of saliva samples were consistent with those obtained from NPS from the same patient with 90% sensitivity (95% CI 68.3%-98.7%) and 100% specificity during the first two weeks after the onset of symptoms. Using pooling strategy 796 RT-PCR tests were performed. All pools showed 100% positivity in different pooling proportions. Overall, 44 saliva samples (1.2%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 during the field study. In total, between September 29 and April 10, 415 673 RT-PCR saliva tests were performed. The contactless self-service terminals were placed in hospitals, factories and municipalities as an additional way to submit self-collected saliva for testing.ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that saliva is an appropriate specimen for pooling and SARS-CoV-2 screening with accurate diagnostic performance. Patient-performed simple specimen collection allows testing an extensive number of people rapidly, obtaining results of the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and allowing authorities to take timely measures. Automated sample distribution and collection points are accessible 24/7 allowing safe, contactless and more efficient way to submit various kind of samples for testing.
Photobiomodulation Inhibits the Activation of Neurotoxic Microglia and Astrocytes Through Inhibiting the Crosstalk of Lcn2/JAK2-STAT3 after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats
Authors: Wang Xuankang , Li Xin , Zuo Xiaoshuang , Liang Zhuowen , Wang Zhe , Ding Tan , Li Kun , Ma Yangguang , Li Penghui , Zhu Zhijie , Ju Cheng , Zhang Zhihao , Song Zhiwen , Quan Huilin , Zhang Jiawei , Hu Xueyu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIn situ microglia and astrocytes begin to activate and participate in neuroinflammation after spinal cord injury (SCI), and the high expression of lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) and the activation of the Janus kinase-2 (JAK2)-signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) pathway promote the polarization of activated microglia and astrocytes towards the neurotoxic phenotype (M1 microglia and A1 astrocytes). We previously reported that photobiomodulation (PBM) can promote functional recovery by reducing neuroinflammation after SCI, but the mechanism of PBM on the microglia and astrocytes involved is still unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the role of the Lcn2 and JAK2-STAT3 pathways in the activation of M1 and A1 and the mechanism by which PBM may play a therapeutic role.MethodsPBM intervention was performed every day after the SCI model was established, and the activation of microglia and astrocytes was observed at different time points post injury (1, 3, 7, 14, 28 dpi). The level of tissue apoptosis, the number of surviving neurons, the recovery of motor function, the level of Lcn2 and the activation of JAK2-STAT3 were evaluated in the PBM group and the vehicle group. M1 and A1 cells were irradiated with PBM in vitro, and the JAK2-STAT3 pathway inhibitor cucurbitacin I, adenovirus transfection and recombinant Lcn2 protein were cotreated with PBM to explore the mechanism of the activation of M1 and A1 and the underlying effect of PBM.ResultsPBM inhibited the activation of neurotoxic microglia and astrocytes, decreased secondary inflammation and tissue apoptosis, increased the number of neurons retained, and promoted the recovery of motor function after SCI. The upregulation of Lcn2 and the activation of the JAK2-STAT3 pathway after SCI were suppressed by PBM. In vitro experiments also proved that PBM can inhibit the activation of M1 microglia and A1 astrocytes, and the effect is related to the level of Lcn2 and the activation of the JAK2-STAT3 pathway.ConclusionThe crosstalk of Lcn2/JAK2-STAT3 is involved in the activation of neurotoxic microglia and astrocytes after SCI, and this process can be alleviated by PBM.
Medial Closing-Wedge Distal Femoral Varus Osteotomy via Lateral Approach: The New Surgical Technique for Treating Valgus Osteoarthritic Knee
Authors: Pornrattanamaneewong Chaturong , Ruangsomboon Pakpoom , Narkbunnam Rapeepat , Chareancholvanich Keerati 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background and purpose: The medial closing-wedge distal femoral varus osteotomy (MCW-DFVO) was an excellent operation for painful valgus lateral unicompartmental osteoarthritic (OA) knee, especially in the young patient. Originally, it requires a medial approach that has more precarious. On top of that, releasing of the iliotibial band (ITB) that is the deforming force needs added incision. Therefore, this study aims to describe the new surgical technique of MCW-DFVO that uses a lateral approach and lateral plating to treat the valgus OA knee. Additionally, we also reveal the outcomes of our technique as the case series.Materials and method: Ten patients (12 knees) who underwent MCW-DFVO via a lateral approach were retrospectively reviewed. The inclusion criteria were age > 18 years, isolated lateral compartmental OA knee, no significant patellofemoral pain, and ROM > 90 degrees. We excluded the inflammatory joint disease, unstable knee (femorotibial joint subluxation > 1 cm), and prior surgical procedure. Demographic data, pre- and postoperative ROM, radiographic outcomes, complications, and survivorship were recorded.Results: The mean age, body mass index, and preoperative ROM were 55.3 ± 4.0 years, 25.4 ± 3.7 kg/m2and 113.3 ± 11.5 degrees, respectively. The preoperative valgus deformity was 162.3 ± 4.8 degrees, and the Final post-operative alignment was 182.3 ± 2.6 degrees. Overall mean operative time of this technique was 92.5 ± 26.7 minutes. During the follow-up period, post-operative ROM was decreased to 108.8 ± 11.7 degrees. One knee required plate removal due to hardware irritation, and another knee required subsequent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) at 1 and 8.5 years after DFVO, respectively. The survivorship of this technique was 91.7% at the mean survival time of 13.8 years (95% confidence interval, 11.9 – 15.7 years).Conclusion: This study proposed the new surgical technique of MCW-DFVO via a lateral approach. This technique provided a satisfactory outcome and excellent survivorship. However, further research with a larger sample size was required.
Molecular Mechanisms of Transforming Growth Factor-β/Smad7 Signaling Pathway in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Bai Bingqing , Li Huihui , Han Liang , Mei Yongyu , Hu Cui , Mei Qiao , Xu Jianming , Liu Xiaochang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background and AimsAbnormal transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad7 signaling pathway may be an important mechanism of IBD.Therefore, this study was to investigate whether anti-colitis drugs modulate intestinal epithelial permeability in experimental colitis and to determine its TGF-β/Smad7 signaling pathway. MethodsA murine colitis model was induced, and then anti-TNF-α and 5-ASA were administered intraperitoneally and orally respectively. Myeloperoxidase(MPO) activity, histological index(HI) of colon and the disease activity index(DAI) scores of mice were detected. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunohistochemical and functional tests which included two methods: one was Evans blue(EB) and the other was FITC-dextran(FD-4), were used to evaluate intestinal mucosal permeability. The expression of epithelial E-cad, Occludin, ZO-1, TGF –β and Smad7 were analyzed. Epithelial MLCK expression and activity were determined.ResultsAnti-TNF-α and 5-ASA both effectively reduced the DAI score and HI, and decreased colonic MPO activity, plasma levels of FD-4 and EB permeation of the intestine. Moreover, anti-TNF-α and 5-ASA downregulated the MLCK expression and activity and the expression of Smad7 in the small intestinal epithelium, and increased the expression of TGF-β(P < 0.050). In colitis mice, TEM revealed partial ileal epithelial injury, intercellular TJs and the expression of E-cadherin, ZO-1 and occludin were decreased, which were alleviated by anti-TNF-α and 5-ASA.ConclusionsAnti-TNF-α and 5-ASA both showed a significant effect on intestinal epithelial permeability in experimental colitis. The mechanism can be clarified as the increase of TGF-β expression or the decrease of Smad7 expression which could inhibit epithelial MLCK and then reduce the mucosal permeability of ulcerative colitis.
Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing In Febrile Neutropaenia of Children Hematological And Malignant Diseases
Authors: Hu Linglong , Wang Juxiang , Huang Zhen , Yang Zhou , Huang Tingting , Wang Yao , Chen Min , Li Yuan , Zhou Haixia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in febrile neutropaenia of Hematological and malignant tumor children. Methods: We retrospectively studied the diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in febrile neutropaenia of Hematological and malignant tumor children in the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from July 2018 to December 2019. Children with neutropenia and fever for more than 72 hours were sent for mNGS analysis together with traditional pathogen detection tests. The positive rate of pathogen detection and the following change of clinical treatment strategy was analyzed. Furthermore the duration of fever was compared between patients receiving both mNGS and traditional tests and those only had pathogen detected by traditionally methods. Results: The positive rate of mNGS was 75.6% (28/37cases), and that of the two methods combined was 86.4% (32/37cases). In these patients with long duration of fever, the detection positivity for bacteria, fungi, and viruse detection was high, and mycoplasma and rickettsias were also found. Among all the cases reported, clinical treatment strategies were changed in 9 cases due to the pathogen detection. The duration of fever of patients receiving mNGS together with traditional tests was shorter than those only had traditional ones (7.84d±0.17 vs. 8.39d±0.25, respectively, P<0.001) .Conclusion: Due to high positive rate of mNGS in pathogen detection, active treatment can be taken in time, infections can be controlled earlier. It has a positive effect on the outcome of febrile neutropaenia patients.