bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the status of radiotherapy care provided to the population of Ukraine. Part 1. Analyzing morbidity and technical supply of radiation therapy in Ukraine
Authors: Starenkiy V. Р. , Sukhina O. M. , Stadnyk L. L. , Averyanova L. O. 
Published: February 2021

Background. Radiation therapy is an essential in the complex of modern cancer care methods, since it is needed by more than half of cancer patients worldwide. However, each year more than 2 million people from low-income countries are unable to access modern radiotherapy technologies [1]. Thus, the urgent task in the field of radiation oncology is to increase the availability, quality and efficiency of radiotherapy, monitoring the level of technical, methodological and human resourcing of radiation therapy in Ukraine in accordance with trends in Europe and the world. The actual task of the study is to review and analyze the existing level, availability and effectiveness of applying the modern technologies of radiation therapy in the regions of Ukraine.
Purpose – analyzing the current state and level of availability of radiotherapy in Ukraine, seeking for opportunities to expand applying it.
Materials and methods. Analyzing and comparing statistical data of the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine and the information of IARC GLOBOCAN, IAEA DIRAC Database, summarizing the results.
Results. The level of technical and technological equipment as well as staffing of oncology centers of Ukraine has been analyzed, along with assessing quantitative and qualitative components of radiotherapy care in comparison with the average European indicators. The assessment of the state of radiotherapy care in Ukraine was carried out with due regard for the increasing number of patients.
Conclusions. According to the WHO, the structure of cancer incidence in Ukraine is similar to the European one, however higher specific mortality rate indicates, first of all, the insufficient level of covering the population of Ukraine by specialized diagnosis and oncological care, its low efficiency and engineering backwardness. It has been determined that radiation therapy in Ukraine is needed annually by at least 90 thousand cancer patients. In fact, only about 44 thousand of them are provided with tele-radiation therapy. First of all, this is due to extremely insufficient radiotherapy equipment available in Ukraine and using outdated radiation treatment technologies in gamma-ray teletherapy that result in its low quality and aggravating the clinical consequences. Given the growing number of cancer patients in 2022, Ukraine will need about 160 machines for tele-radiotherapy. The rise and adjusting the clinical and technical capabilities of regional oncology centers in terms of quality and efficiency of radiation therapy is possible under the conditions of their rapid technical.
The role of personal anxiety in the development of psychophysiological indicators in adolescent athletes
Authors: Makarova A. A. , Kharkova O. A. 
Published: February 2021

Objective: to study the role of personal anxiety in the development of psychophysiological indicators in adolescent athletes.Materials and methods. To study the prevalence of high levels of personal anxiety (hereinafter — LT), as well as to determine the characteristics of psychophysiological indicators, the study involved 23 teenagers — boys and girls who were representatives of different sports. Using the device for psychophysiological testing UPFT-1/30 “Psychophysiologist”, indicators of simple visual-motor reaction and the level of LT on the Spielberg scale were obtained. To assess the impact of changes in high LT levels on psychophysiological indicators, 14 adolescent athletes with a high level of personal anxiety were selected and then divided into 2 groups. The experimental group included adolescents who wanted to participate in an experiment on the use of cognitive behavioral therapy techniques to correct high LT levels; the control group included adolescents with high LT levels who were not trained in cognitive behavioral therapy techniques.Results. Every third adolescent athlete had a high level of LT. Adolescent athletes with a high LT level, in contrast to adolescents with an optimal LT level, were less efficient, and, despite a shorter minimum reaction time, made more mistakes. The dynamics of psychophysiological indicators were observed both in the group with intervention and in the group where no cognitive behavioral therapy techniques were performed; however, after studying the difference in the physiological parameters of the central nervous system in the group where there was a change in LT, and in the group where LT either did not change or increased, we found positive changes. Changes in the LT level led to a decrease in the average reaction time, the minimum reaction time, and an increase in the level of stability of reactions.Conclusions. A high level of LT affects the psychophysiological parameters of the central nervous system in adolescent athletes. The use of cognitive behavioral therapy techniques to normalize the LT level of adolescent athletes leads to an improvement in the physiological parameters of the central nervous system.
AN EVALUATION OF THE PROFITABILITY OF POULTRY AND PIG INVESTMENT PROJECTS IN MERU TOWN
Authors: Mutanu Judy , Wakah Mr. G. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the profitability of poultry and pig investment projects in Meru TownMethodology: This study adopted a descriptive survey design. The study targeted a population of all the farmers located at Meru town. According to the Meru town statistics, there are 210 farmers in Meru town. Simple random sampling was used to select a sample of 20% from the population. Therefore, 42 farmers i.e. 20% of 210 were picked at random. The researcher used a questionnaire which was administered to the selected sample population respondents on a drop and pick basis. The data collected was analyzed by use of descriptive statistics. In particular, frequency tables, averages and percentages were used. The data analysis actually involved simple tabulation and presentation of report generated form spreadsheets i.e. excel. The data was then presented using tables, graphs and charts.Results: The study concluded that the success rate of poultry and pig farming projects was low as evidenced by a maturation rate of 51 to 60 percent of the stock. The rest of the stock either died or didn’t lay eggs. In addition, the study concluded that despite the low success rate; poultry and pig farming were described as profitable compared to other investments. However, several challenges related to cost of production, infrastructural factors as well as market oriented factors posed a serious challenge to poultry and pig farming. These factors ranged from high cost of feeds to poor selling prices and shrinking markets as well as competition from subsidized imports.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that the bottlenecks associated with the poultry and pig projects be eliminated through a committed effort from the government to subsidize the cost of inputs, establishment of marketing associations and the elimination of middlemen in the sale of produce, improvement in extension services, and the provision of good infrastructure. While the challenges outlined in the study relate primarily to infrastructural and institutional bottlenecks, it might be interesting to study the role of entrepreneurial/management skills and general education on the success or otherwise of poultry and pig farming.
EVALUATION OF VEGETABLE VERMICOMPOST ON THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF TWO DIFFERENT SOILS
Authors: Nweke I A , Chime E U , Ogugua U O 
Published: February 2021

Vermicompst is a rich source of vitamins and growth hormones and contains most nutrients in plant available form. Ten adult earthworms (Eudrilus eugeniae) were cultured for three (3) months and three (3) weeks in sack made from old window mosquito net. The resultant product at harvest – vermicompost made of mostly worm casts was used to incubate sandy and clay soils respectively at the ratio of 50g: 300g for two (2) months and replicated five (5) times. The results of the study shows that the produced vermicompost enriched the two types of soil with favourable pH level, high content of P, Ca, Mg and OM. Available P, pH level, Ca, Mg and OM were significantly (P < 0.05 ) increased and varied among the treatments. Exch. K and microbial biomass (MB) result showed higher value in clay while sand recorded higher value in N, Na and exchangeable acidity (EA). The findings of this study are of evidence that vermicompost improved the fertility of the soils by releasing mineral elements in the forms that are available for uptake of crops.
DETERMINANTS OF COFFEE PRODUCTION IN THE KENYAN ECONOMY
Authors: MUGWERU EDWARD KIO , ODHIAMBO DR.SULE , NYANDEMO DR. S. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: To establish determinants of coffee production in the Kenyan economy Methodology: The study adopted descriptive survey research. The target population consisted ofResults: Results from the first model indicate that there exists a negative relationship between coffee output with credit advanced to farmers. Findings also did show there also exists a positive relationship between coffee output with coffee price, hectarage planted and price of input (fertilizer). Results further indicate that there is a significant negative relationship between the depreciation of the exchange rate and the coffee output.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that the Kenya government may put in place measures and policies aimed at improving coffee production in Kenya, ie, financial institutions may be encouraged to lend loans to coffee farmers at no low interest rates. The study recommended that the government should introduce subsides aimed at reducing cost of inputs hence encouraging farmers to increase areas under coffee production as well as providing incentives to the farmers to encourage them engage in coffee farming. The sturdy also recommended that government may also set up factories or encourage investors, both local and foreign to set up factories that will process coffee to the final product within the country.
INFLUENCE OF INNOVATIVENESS ON PERFORMANCE OF STATE CORPORATIONS IN KENYA
Authors: Linyiru Dr. Bruno Mugambi , Ketyenya Dr.  Rutto Peter 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the influence of innovativeness on performance of state corporations in Kenya.Methodology: The study adopted an explanatory research design. The population of the research consists of the 187 state corporations in Kenya as at 2013. The unit of analysis was the state corporation. A purposive sample of 55 commercial state corporations was included in the study. The study used primary data gathered using questionnaires.Results: Results indicated that innovativeness is a key determinant of firm performance for commercial state corporations in Kenya.Policy recommendation: The study recommends that firms can increase the innovative capability of their firms by paying more attention towards learning orientation and entrepreneur orientation to improve performance. The investment in learning based capabilities and developing of entrepreneurial instinct to exploit opportunities plays a key role in the maintenance of innovativeness.
Assessment of Effectiveness of Erbium:Yttrium&ndash;Aluminum&ndash;Garnet Laser, GentleWave Irradiation, Photodynamic Therapy, and Sodium Hypochlorite in Smear Layer Removal
Authors: Dash Sumit , Singh Jyotirmay , Ismail Prabu MS , Agwan Muhammad AS , Ravikumar Kaarunya , Annadurai Thendral 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

Aim and objective
To compare the effectiveness of erbium:yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser, GentleWave irradiation, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and sodium hypochlorite in smear layer removal and dentin permeability with a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Materials and methods
Seventy-five recently extracted single-rooted teeth (maxillary second premolars) were randomly divided into 5 groups of 15 each. Group I teeth was the control group in which conventional root canal preparation (RCP) [17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)] was done without laser irradiation, group II teeth underwent RCP and GentleWave™ treatment, group III teeth were subjected to Er:YAG laser irradiation, group IV uses low-level 660 nm (PDT), and group V samples were irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl. All samples were viewed under the SEM. Images at the coronal, middle, and apical part of the root canal were obtained at ×1000. A scoring system for smear layer removal and debris removal scoring was used for analysis.

Results
Smear layer removal was significantly higher at different points (coronal, middle, and apical area) in group I, followed by V, IV, II, and group III in declining order (p < 0.05). Intercomparison between the groups at different points indicates a significant difference in smear layer removal score between group I and group V at coronal, middle, and apical third. The result was not significant at coronal third and middle third, between group I and V, II and III, II and IV. The result was not significant at apical third between I and V, II and III, and II and IV (p < 0.05). Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and sodium hypochlorite are effective in smear layer removal followed by the Er-YAG laser technique.

Conclusion
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and NaOCl are effective in smear layer removal. Er:YAG laser-activated RCP was comparatively efficient in cleaning the smear layer and opening dentinal tubules.

Clinical significance
Er:YAG laser-activated RCP was comparatively efficient in cleaning the smear layer and it can be used for effective removal of smear layer for clinical usage.
How to cite this article
Dash S, Ismail PMS, Singh J, et al. Assessment of Effectiveness of Erbium:Yttrium–Aluminum–Garnet Laser, GentleWave Irradiation, Photodynamic Therapy, and Sodium Hypochlorite in Smear Layer Removal. J Contemp Dent Pract 2020;21(11):1266–1269.
Item Analysis, Age Trends, and Internal Consistency Reliability of the Children’s Occupational Performance Questionnaire (COPQ)
Authors: Mulligan Shelley 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Importance: Occupational performance measures are essential for guiding client-centered interventions for children and for measuring progress and program outcomes.
Objective: To evaluate and report on the psychometric properties of a new assessment tool, the Children’s Occupational Performance Questionnaire (COPQ).
Design: Descriptive and correlational methods were used.
Participants: A convenience sample primarily from the northeastern United States was recruited, consisting of the caregivers of 156 children and 25 older children who completed the COPQ as a self-report. Participants’ ages ranged from 2 mo to 19 yr. Seventy-five percent of them identified as typically developing, and 25% had a medical condition or disability affecting development.
Outcomes and Measures: Data from completed questionnaires assessing children with and without disabilities were used to explore aspects of the COPQ’s content validity, including age trends and item difficulty. Internal consistency reliability was also examined for each of the five domains: Personal Activities of Daily Living, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Social Participation, Play/Leisure, and Education/Work.
Results: Each COPQ domain showed strong internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s α = .96–.99). Age trends indicated increasing competency in occupational performance with age across domains and supported occupational performance as a developmental construct.
Conclusions and Relevance: The COPQ shows promise as a reliable occupational performance measure for children for both clinical and research purposes. Potential items for modification or deletion were identified to reduce redundancy and increase efficiency. Further study of the tool’s psychometrics and normative data collection are needed.
What This Article Adds: The COPQ addresses all areas of occupational performance and is being developed as a valid, reliable assessment tool for children. It aims to assist in guiding occupational therapy interventions and detecting changes in occupational performance in response to treatment.
Salvadoreños en Belice
Authors: Vega Lilian 
Published: February 2021

En Belice residen al menos 50 000 salvadoreños, algunos desde la época del conflicto armado en el país, otros más bien llegan durante este siglo XXI, una realidad poco conocida y bastante diversa en términos económicos. Este documento presenta algunos hallazgos logrados durante una investigación exploratoria. Se plantean temas socioeconómicos, como sectores que ofrecen oportunidades de empleo a inmigrantes salvadoreños, bienestar logrado por algunas familias, propiedad de activos, lógica migratoria. Estas problemáticas surgen de la recolección de información que se realizó durante dos viajes de campo; existen otros temas que, por falta de evidencia, se dejan de lado; no obstante, lo encontrado permite mostrar una cara de la realidad beliceña poco conocida y que merece más estudio.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 67, No. 731, 2012: 539-563.
ZHODNOTENIE STAVU STROPNÝCH PANELOV V AGRESÍVNOM PROSTREDÍ
Authors: Hegedüsová Iveta , Priganc Sergej 
Published: February 2021

V článku sú prezentované výsledky chemickej analýzy betónových vzoriek odobratých z existujúcich stropných panelov. Panely sú súčasťou nosného systému poľnohospodárskeho ustajňovacieho objektu. Analýza sa previedla za účelom preukázania nepriaznivého vplyvu agresívneho prostredia na betónovú nosnú konštrukciu.
CENOVÁ STATISTIKA STAVEBNICTVÍ
Authors: Nový Martin 
Published: February 2021

Vývoj cenové hladiny ve stavebnictví na úrovni vstupů (nákladů) i výstupů (cen) dlouhodobě sleduje Český statistický úřad. Publikované cenové indexy lze použít ve smlouvách o dílo uzavíraných mezi objednatelem a zhotovitelem staveb jako koeficient pro tvorbu pružných cen. Nejnovější výsledky roku 2015 ukazují, že s růstem objemu stavební výroby se deflační vývoj obrátil a v několika posledních čtvrtletích dochází k mírnému inflačnímu růstu cen.
PRAVDĚPODOBNOST DODRŽENÍ NÁKLADŮ Z NÁVRHU VE VÝSTAVBĚ V ČR
Authors: Vitásek Stabislav 
Published: February 2021

Článek se zabýv. výpočtem statistických ukazatelů a pravděpodobnosti dosažení pl.novaných nákladů z návrhu stavebního díla, při použití obvyklých nástrojů pro ocenění stavební produkce v ČR. Výpočet statistických veličin, je založen na datové základně třiceti bytových domů realizovaný dvanácti stavebními firmami. Sedmdesát procent bytových domů bylo dokončeno v roce 2015 a zbylé v roce 2014. Dále se článek věnuje rizikům, která mají největší vliv na pohyb skutečně dosažených nákladů oproti návrhu. Konkrétní rizika se získala od zástupců předních stavebních firem v ČR, pomocí Delfské metody. Článek tedy přináší re.lný obraz práce s náklady v českém stavebním prostředí, určený primárně stavebním firmám pro jejich cenovou (obchodní) strategii spolu s návrhy na zvýšen. pravděpodobnosti dosažení pl.novaných nákladů z návrhu stavebního díla v samotné výstavbě.
TVORBA A VIZUALIZÁCIA 3D MAPY PRIEMYSELNÉHO ZÁVODU
Authors: Ježko Ján 
Published: February 2021

Cieľom príspevku je priblížiť programové prostriedky vhodné na tvorbu účelovej digitálnej mapy. Stručne je popisovaný grafický systém MicroStation, KOKEŠ, podrobnejšie softvér ATLAS a Atlas DMT, vrátane jeho z.kladných vlastnosti, rozširujúcich modulov a samotnej tvorby 3D modelu a jeho vizualizácie na príklade účelovej digitálnej mapy závodu.
VYUŽITÍ ODPADŮ PŘI PŘÍPRAVĚ ALKALICKY AKTIVOVANÝCH KOMPOZITŮ
Authors: Koňařík Josef , Staněk Stanislav 
Published: February 2021

Česká a evropská legislativa je zaměřena na ochranu životního prostředí, udržitelného rozvoje a recyklovatelnost. Nicméně v oblasti stavebnictví jsou stále nejhojněji zastoupena pojiva na bázi portlandského cementu, ačkoli jeho výroba negativně ovlivňuje životní prostředí těžbou přírodních zdrojů a vytvářením emisí CO2. Vhodným řešením tohoto problému se jeví použití alternativních pojiv. Tento příspěvek stručně popisuje nejčastěji používané suroviny pro přípravu alkalicky aktivovaných systémů a vlastnosti připravených kompozitů, v závislosti na použitých surovinách.
DOPAD REALIZÁCIE BETÓNOVEJ KONŠTRUKCIE NA ŽIVOTNÉ PROSTREDIE
Authors: Prokopčáková Katarína , Ledererová Miriam 
Published: February 2021

Životné prostredie sa stáva významným rozvojovým potenciálom krajiny a snahou je minimalizovať negatívne vplyvy pôsobiace na jeho kvalitu. Požiadavky zabezpečenia ochrany životného prostredia sú čoraz náročnejšie na kvalitatívne vlastnosti stavebných materiálov, stavebných strojov a pod., z tohto dôvodu výber vstupných prvkov pre stavebnú výrobu musí vychádzať z konfrontácie súčasného stavu s požiadavkami zabezpečovania maximálnej efektívnosti stavebných výrobných procesov pri minimalizovaní negatívnych vplyvov na životné prostredie.
HUBUNGAN STATUS GIZI (IMT) DENGAN KONSUMSI OKSIGEN MAKSIMAL (VO2 MAKS) SANTRI PONDOK PESANTREN AMANATUL UMMAH SURABAYA
Authors: Amalia Nur Ilma , Kartini Yanis , Amin Nur 
Published: February 2021

Background: Nutrition problems overweight and weight less associated with decreased ability of the body both physical and mental, decreased ability to think, increased risk of pain, and slowing the healing process of disease. One form of decreased physical ability can be seen from the low stamina of a person, stamina is determined by VO2 max, VO2 max is the maximal oxygen uptake or maximal oxygen volume utilized in the exercise until the occurrence of fatigue.
Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship of nutritional status with VO2 max of student of Amanatul Ummah Islamic Boarding School, Surabaya.
Method: The method used in this research is analytic survey research method with cross sectional approach. The population in this study is all students of class 11 Madrasah Aliyah MBI class in Amanatul Ummah Islamic Boarding School, Surabaya as many as 24 students with 20 samples and taken by using Purposive sampling. Independent variable Nutritional status was measured using BMI calculation and max dependent variable VO2 was measured using multistage step test.
Results: The result showed that students in Amanatul Ummah Islamic Boarding School, Surabaya mostly (55%) have normal nutritional status, the students in Amanatul Ummah Islamic Boarding School, Surabaya almost half (45%) have very low VO2 max. The result of statistical test showed that there was no correlation between the nutritional status with VO2 max of students of Amanatul Ummah Islamic Boarding School, Surabaya p = 0,200 (p> 0,05).
Conclusion: The conclusion of the research is students in Amanatul Ummah Islamic Boarding School, Surabaya mostly have normal nutritional status. Students in Amanatul Ummah Islamic Boarding School, Surabaya some of them have VO2 max value is very less. There is no correlation between the relationship of nutritional status on VO2 max of Amanatul Ummah Islamic Boarding School, Surabaya.