bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxiety among Egyptian patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its effect on their functional assessment
Authors: Hieba Ezzelregal G. , Rehab Mohamed S. , Noha Ahmed O. 
Published: September 2021

Context
Anxiety disorders are underestimated comorbid conditions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD; updated 2019) has given wide importance on assessment of underdiagnosed comorbid conditions to evaluate patients with stable COPD.

Aims
To investigate the occurrence of anxiety as a hidden comorbid disease among patients with stable COPD and their effect on 6-min walk distance (6MWD) and COPD assessment test (CAT) score.

Settings and design
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Patients and methods
Patients with COPD who were attending the outpatient chest clinic for follow-up at Ain Shams University Hospitals were included in the study during the period between January 2019 and July 2019. Patients were classified according to GOLD criteria 2019. The validated questionnaire for anxiety (State Trait Anxiety Inventory) was fulfilled. The patients were functionally assessed by 6MWD and CAT score.

Statistical analysis
Statistical Package for Social Sciences program software, version 18.0, was used for statistical analysis.

Results
Anxiety among Patients with COPD was 54.5%. The lower the forced expiratory volume in the first second % predicted, the greater the anxiety (P=0.027). A positive significant correlation was found between anxiety state and GOLD staging (P=0.042). 6MWD showed a statistically significant negative correlation with the degree of anxiety (P=0.018). CAT scoring had an apparent positive correlation with the anxiety state but unfortunately did not reach the statistically significant difference (P=0.081).

Conclusion
The underestimated comorbid anxiety disorders are found to be common in patients with COPD. It adds to patients’ dyspnea, especially with high CAT scores and decreased exercise tolerance.
Permeability of active ingredients of cannabis and possibility for further antituberculosis drug development
Authors: Sookaromdee Pathum , Wiwanitkit Viroj 
Published: September 2021

Background
Cannabis is presently legalized in several countries owing to its medicinal property. The antibacterial properties of active ingredients of cannabis have been mentioned. Their usefulness in the management of tuberculosis is very interesting.

Materials and methods
The authors performed a bioinformatics analysis to assess the possibility of important active ingredients of cannabis.

Results
Based on the present analysis, it can be seen that the studied active ingredients of cannabis can effectively pass through the cell wall of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, indicating the possibility of further pharmacological actions.

Conclusion
The active ingredients of cannabis are the possible new targets for further antituberculosis drug development.
Immunosuppressive effects and mechanisms of three myeloid-derived suppressor cells subsets including monocytic-myeloid-derived suppressor cells, granulocytic-myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and immature-myeloid-derived suppressor cells
Authors: Nagatani Yoshiaki , Funakoshi Yohei , Suto Hirotaka , Imamura Yoshinori , Toyoda Masanori , Kiyota Naomi , Yamashita Kimihiro , Minami Hironobu 
Published: September 2021

Context:
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a heterogeneous population of immune cells of myeloid lineage. Recent reports have suggested that human MDSC are divided into three subsets: monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC), granulocytic MDSC (G-MDSC), and immature MDSC (I-MDSC). However, the characteristics of each human MDSC subset still remain unclear.

Materials and Methods:
To evaluate the immunosuppressive effects and mechanisms, we first performed a T-cell suppression assay using cells obtained from healthy donor peripheral blood samples. The levels of immune inhibitory molecules in the culture supernatant of each MDSC subset were measured to reveal the T-cell suppressive mechanisms. Then, we compared these results with the results from cells obtained from cancer patient blood samples. Finally, we investigated the difference in the frequency of each MDSC subset between the healthy donors and the cancer patients.

Results:
Although M-MDSC and G-MDSC suppressed T-cell activation, I-MDSC had no T-cell suppressive effect. We found that the culture supernatant of M-MDSC and G-MDSC contained high levels of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) and arginase, respectively, in both healthy donors and cancer patients. No inhibitory molecules were detected in the culture supernatant of I-MDSC. The population of functional MDSC (M-MDSC and G-MDSC) in the total MDSC was significantly increased in cancer patients compared with that in healthy donors.

Conclusions:
Although M-MDSC and G-MDSC, which released IL-1RA and arginase, respectively, suppressed T-cell activation, I-MDSC did not have an immunosuppressive effect. The population of functional MDSC was increased in cancer patients compared with that in healthy donors.
Dosimetric analysis of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, intensity-modulated radiotherapy-step and shoot, helical tomotherapy, and volumetric modulated arc therapy in prostate cancer radiotherapy
Authors: Gozal Fenny , Gondhowiardjo Soehartati Argadikoesoema , Kodrat Henry , Wibowo Wahyu Edy 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
There is limited study comparing dosimetry parameters in detail. In regard to prostate cancer, there are four different techniques, namely three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT), intensity-modulated radiotherapy-step and shoot (IMRT-SS), IMRT-helical tomotherapy (HT), and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT).

Materials and Methods:
Experimental study with intervention on ten prostate cancer patients' computed tomography planning data. 78 Gy dose in 39 fractions was given for planning target volume.Experimental study with intervention on ten prostate cancer patients' computed tomography planning data. 78 Gy dose in 39 fractions was given for planning target volume.

Results:
The mean V75 Gy rectum and bladder between 3D-CRT and the other three abovementioned techniques all showed significant results (P < 0.05). V5 Gy remaining volume at risk (RVR) between 3D-CRT versus VMAT and HT, IMRT-SS versus HT, and VMAT versus HT is statistically significant (P < 0.0001). The longest radiation time was done with HT (mean 4.70 ± 0.84 min).

Conclusion:
V75 Gy rectum bladder between 3D-CRT techniques differ significantly compared to the three other techniques and may not be suitable to the implementation of escalation doses. The HT technique produced the highest V5 Gy RVR and needed the highest monitor unit amount and the longest radiation duration. The VMAT technique was considered capable of realizing dose escalation in prostate cancer radiotherapy by minimizing toxicity in the rectum and bladder with the shortest radiation duration.
Abdominoperineal Tunnel Crafted with Alken's Telescopic Dilators
Authors: Chatterjee Uday Sankar , Basu Ashoke Kumar , Das Sachchidananda , Mitra Debashis 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Abdomino-perineal pull through procedure needs perineal dissection and for that swap of supine to prone may be necessary. To avoid that as well as to avoid neuro-muscular damage; we are describing a simple minimal invasive procedure with help of Alken's telescopic dilators.

Patients & Methods:
We created abdomino-perineal tunnel with Alken's telescopic dilators to bring down the lumen of intestine in perineum in eight patients.

Results:
Operative time happened to be less and procedure found to be less traumatic. All the eight patients had satisfactory outcome

Conclusions:
Actually, we have repurposed the Alken's dilator for creation of abdomino-perineal tunnel or track to get benefit of minimal dissection of perineum during pull-through procedure as well as to avoid neuro-muscular damage.
Modified Laparoscopic Excision of Choledochal Cyst
Authors: Pandey Vaibhav , Srivastava Vivek , Panigrahi Pranay , Kumar Rakesh , Sharma Shiv Prasad 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Choledochal cyst is a common congenital anomaly requiring surgical treatment. Nowadays, laparoscopic excision is the preferred approach. We studied a modification in the classical laparoscopic approach to facilitate the dissection of a cyst.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective comparative study was done on 42 Type I choledochal cyst children. One group was operated by classical laparoscopic technique, while the other group was operated by modification of classical technique by deliberately opening the cyst wall and dividing the cyst into two hemi-cups, followed by dissection and excision. The intraoperative and postoperative parameters were assessed in both the groups.

Results:
The age, gender ratio, clinical presentation, and cyst diameter were comparable in both the groups. There was a significantly higher success rate (95.7% vs. 73.7%, P = 0.042) and lesser time for cyst excision (96.43 ± 12.15 vs. 120.91 ± 17.38 min P < 0.001) in the modified technique when compared to the classical technique. Further in three patients, it was possible to convert the classical procedure to a modified technique and complete the cyst excision. The postoperative outcomes were similar in both the groups.

Conclusion:
The modified laparoscopic excision shortens the operative time with higher success rate and comparable short-term morbidity vis-a-vis classical laparoscopic technique.
Congenital Colonic Stenosis
Authors: Gupta Archika , Singh Abhishek Kumar , Sunil Kanoujia , Pandey Anand , Rawat Jile Dar , Kureel Shiv Narain 
Published: September 2021

Aims:
Congenital colonic stenosis (CCS) is an extremely rare cause of low-intestinal obstruction in neonates/child. We report our experience with seven cases of CCS presenting with low-intestinal obstruction and diagnosed intraoperatively and also propose an algorithm for its appropriate treatment for the adequate outcome.

Materials and Methods:
It was a retrospective study of seven patients of CCS including two neonates (5-days and 15-days old), four infants (age range – 2–11 months), and one 24-month-old child admitted from 2014 to 2019. Information regarding the age of presentation, clinical presentation, physical findings, radiological and laboratory findings, details of surgery, and outcome was retrieved and analyzed.

Results:
The male-to-female ratio was 5:2. Patients were initially diagnosed as cases of Hirschsprung's disease in five and ileal atresia in two. A final diagnosis of CCS was made during surgery and histopathological examination of resected stenotic segment. The segment involved was ascending colon in three, transverse colon in two, and sigmoid colon and junction of descending and sigmoid colon each in one patient. Resection of stenotic colonic segment and primary end-to-end anastomosis was performed in two, divided stoma after resection of the stenotic segment and secondary anastomosis in three, and proximal loop terminal ileostomy followed by resection of the stenotic colonic segment and ileocolic anastomosis after 10–12 weeks in two.

Conclusions:
CCS is a rare but possible cause of large-bowel obstruction, in neonatal, infant, and children particularly when associated with a history of chronic constipation since birth. It should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis while managing a case of neonatal and pediatric intestinal obstruction, particularly low-bowel obstruction along with a history of chronic constipation. Treatment should be individualized for each patient based on clinical status and associated anomalies to give the best results with less morbidity.
Clinicopathological Study of Primary Pediatric Gastrointestinal Lymphomas
Authors: Ghosh Moupali , Sengupta Moumita , Barman Shibsankar , Chatterjee Uttara , Mukhopadhyay Madhumita , Sarkar Ruchirendu , Saha Koushik , Basu Ashoke Kumar 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Primary gastrointestinal lymphomas (PGIL) are uncommon in children and account for <5% of all pediatric malignancies. The objective of our study was to analyze the prognostic factors of pediatric PGILs with reference to its histological subtypes, stage, and outcomes using immunohistochemistry.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty cases were studied over 11 years. Clinicopathological profiles, histological details, and immunohistochemical (IHC) profiles were analyzed.

Results:
The mean age at the presentation was 6 years. Using IHC stains (CD CD10, CD19, CD20, CD3, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase, BCL 2 and 6, PAX 5, and MUM1), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was most prevalent (45%), followed by Burkitt lymphoma (35%) and lymphoblastic lymphoma (20%). DLBCLs (9) were classified using the Han's algorithm. Six were activated B-cell and 3 were germinal center B-cell subtypes. The cases of lymphoblastic lymphoma and those in Stage I disease had the best prognosis.

Conclusion:
Pediatric PGILs have variable presentation, outcomes, and diverse treatment modalities depending on the histological subtypes. A panel of IHC stains can be a useful adjunct for the categorization and prognosis of pediatric PGILs.
Is the rural population of Puducherry district healthy in terms of the burden of non-communicable diseases? Findings from a cross-sectional analytical survey
Authors: Sivanantham P , Sahoo JP , Lakshminarayanan S , Bobby Z , Kar SS 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
Epidemiological transition remains a key contributor to the rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) across developing nations. Population-specific NCD risk factors estimates derived using World Health Organization (WHO) 'STEP-wise approach' are crucial for devising evidence-based public health interventions to combat NCDs.

Objective:
To estimate the prevalence of behavioral and biological risk factors for NCDs among the rural adult population of Puducherry district in India.

Methodology:
STEPS survey was conducted by following all three steps (behavioral, physical measurements and biochemical risk factors) of NCD risk factor assessment. A total of 790 participants were selected from 50 villages through multistage cluster sampling method. STEPS instrument was used to assess behavioral risk factors, physical measurements and biochemical (fasting blood glucose and total cholesterol) risk factors.

Results:
Tobacco use and alcohol consumption were present among 11.3% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 9-13.6%) and 19.2% (95% CI: 16.5-22.4%) of the population, respectively. Low physical activity, inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables, overweight and obesity were observed among 29.3% (95% CI: 26.2-32.7%), 89.8% (95% CI: 87.6-92%), 15.6% (95% CI: 13.1-18.3%) and 38.9% (95% CI: 35.4-42.2%), respectively. About 28.2% (95% CI: 25.2-31.6%) had hypertension and 24.4% (95% CI: 20-29%) had diabetes mellitus. Abdominal obesity was twice highly prevalent among women. Tobacco and alcohol use were more common among men, whereas low physical activity, obesity and hypercholesterolemia were higher among women.

Conclusion:
Public health interventions to promote healthy lifestyle need to be initiated especially to increase physical activity, intake for fruits and vegetables, and quitting of tobacco and alcohol consumption in the rural population of Puducherry.
MODERN HYDROMORPHOLOGICAL, HYDROBIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND STATE OF FISH POPULATIONS OF LAKE GALICHSKOYE AND LAKE CHUKHLOMSKOYE IN KOSTROMA REGION
Authors: Minin A. , Kataev R. , Loginov V. , Minina L. , Vodeneeva E. , Lavrova T. , Frolova E. , Krivdina T. 
Published: September 2021

Hydrochemical, hydrobiological and ichthyological studies of the two largest lakes in the Kostroma region - Galichskoye and Chukhlomskoye for the period 2005–19 were carried out. Current state of the fish population in comparison with previous periods was analysed. Area of water bodies was updated according to geographic information systems data for 2017–19. The collection and processing of hydrochemical and hydrobiological samples were carried out according to standard methods. The collection of ichthyological materials was carried out by conventional methods using fry drag, small-mesh seines and fixed nets. The boundaries of the lakes were digitized using Landsat satellite images. The hydrochemical indicators of both lakes are within the limits of fishery standards. The hydrochemical regime of Lake Galichskoye is stable. The rise in the water level of Lake Chukhlomskoye had a positive effect on its hydrochemical regime. It has been established that both investigated lakes are currently, as before, highly productive water bodies. According to the concentration of chlorophyll “a” they have a β-eutrophic status, according to quantitative indicators of phytoplankton development they correspond to a high eutrophic level. According to the quantitative indicators of zooplankton, Lake Galichskoye is a low-forage water body (0.37 g/m3), and Chukhlomskoye is a medium-forage water body (2.12 g/m3). Lake Galichskoye is medium-fodder, and Lake Chukhlomskoye is high-forage lakes for benthofagous fish. According to indicator species of zoobenthos, the water of both lakes is classified as an α-mesosaprobic zone, polluted (quality class IV).
The species richness of fish on Lake Galich – 16 species, on Lake Chukhloma – 12 species, ichthyomass – 221.9 and 176.5 kg/ha, respectively. It was noted that in the reservoirs over the past two decades, serious changes have occurred in the structure of the fish population. In both lakes, perch fish were replaced by cyprinids, which is associated with the process of eutrophication. In Galichskoye Lake, after a sharp decrease in fishing load since 2005, there has been a significant increase in the number of small-sized fish species caused a corresponding increase in stocks of predatory species (pike and pike perch). In the Lake Chukhlomskoye, the ecological niche of the crucian was occupied by the bream, which was acclimatized in the reservoir almost a century ago. It was determined that during the growing season the average area of Lake Galichskoye is 7124.3 ± 57.5 hectares, of Lake Chukhlomskoye – 4862.7 ± 14.7 hectares.
The history of the F. Erisman Institute of Public Health and its directions of activity during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Briko N. I. , Mindlina A. Ya. , Polibin R. V. , Lopukhov P. D. 
Published: September 2021

In 2020, exactly 90 years have passed since the first sanitary faculty in the history of medical education (F. ErismannInstitute of Public Health, nowadays) was found in the 1st Moscow Medical Institute (Sechenov University, nowadays).The history of the faculty unites the names of prominent scientists in the field of preventive medicine: F. Erismann, N.A. Semashko, A.V. Molkov, A.N. Sysin, E.M. Tareev and many, many others. New challenges to public health continueto appear in our time. The direction of “preventive medicine” has become more important than ever in the context of a pandemic of infection caused by the novel coronavirus (COronaVIrus Disease-19, COVID-19). The issues of epidemiologyand hygiene have become extremely relevant for doctors of any profile, not only for preventive ones (epidemiologists and hygienists). The strategic task today is to increase the “preventive medicine” specialty’s authority. It is also important to preserve and enhance the domestic experience of studying the disciplines of preventive medicine, harmonizing the content of educational programs with the world community. Research work at the Institute is carried out in 4 main areas of preventive medicine and public health: epidemiology, public health, microbiology, and hygiene.This review presents the main historical milestones in the development of teaching the specialty “preventive medicine” at the Sechenov University, the current state, and prospects for further development.
GNSS-and-GIS based android integration of mobile based virtual guide application ExpLahore for walled city Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Rahim Aaysha , Naqvi Najam Abbas 
Published: September 2021

The expansion of technology by utilizing Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) integrated with Geographic Information System (GIS) has made life much easier and handy. Global interactions have given birth to tourism and intra-culture programs. Many foreigners as well as local tourists prefer to explore the sites on their own instead of a guide, this is quite adventurous but can be tedious too and brings along a lot of security risks. This research is based on design and development of an android application considering “Walled City, Lahore, Pakistan”. The application will help tourist geotag their information. This application has been developed with the fact to provide precise position through GNSS, the coordinates have been refined using ArcGIS and QGIS and placed in application using Android Studio and Adobe Illustrator. GIS allowed creating interactive queries, analyzing spatial information and map creation, shape file extraction and 99% precise coordinates than maps we use. In travelling world, geotagging is a great and trending feature that allows user to share their exact position. The application will locate user’s coordinates (Latitude and Longitude), current satellite count, precision, altitude, time and day. The guidance application helps user find the correct possible route to the monuments of walled City, Lahore. Information and precise location of 14 place groups of Lahore city, as well as precise route to them is also a feature of the application.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Kelayakan Sertifikasi Guru Pada SD Negeri 016402 Bandar Pasir Mandoge Menggunakan Metode SAW
Authors: Gultom Yati Rosella , Azhar Zulfi 
Published: September 2021

SD Negeri 016402 Bandar Pasir Mandoge sering menghadapi kesulitan dalam menentukan layak atau tidaknya seorang guru dalam mengikuti proses sertifikasi dengan memenuhi nilai kriteria yang sudah ditentukan. Jumlah guru yang banyak, maka proses penilaiannya memerlukan waktu yang cukup lama dalam mendapatkan hasil penilaiannya. Disamping itu pihak sekolah tersebut tidak memiliki sarana untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap pencapaian kriteria pada masing-masing guru terkait dengan sertifikasi. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, maka diperlukan untuk membangun suatu sistem informasi yang sesuai yang dapat membantu pihak sekolah SDN 016402 Bandar Pasir Mandoge dalam menentukan kelayakan guru dalam mendapatkan sertifikasi guru. untuk meningkatkan mutu guru dengan syarat dan kriteria yang telah ditentukan. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan observasi di lingkungan sekolah dengan analisis menggunakan metode sistem pendukung keputusan Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). Sistem aplikasi ini dapat mempercepat proses penentuan Guru-Guru yang berhak mengajukan sertifikasi dengan lebih cepat dan akurat. Sistem dapat mengurangi kesalahan dalam penentuan Guru-Guru yang berhak mengajukan sertifikasi.