bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deciphering the initial products of coal during methanogenic bioconversion: Based on an untargeted metabolomics approach
Authors: Wang Bobo , Ndayisenga Fabrice , Zhang Guilong , Yu Zhisheng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlthough the process of microbial degradation of coal to produce biomethane has got much attention from many research works, the products profiles of coal at the initial stage of methanogenic bioconversion are not clear yet. In this study, five coal‐degrading bacterial strains (CD1, CD10, CD20, CD24, and CD25) from a methanogenic community were isolated and identified. Among them, CD1 and CD24 belong to Paenibacillus sp., CD10 and CD20 belong to Bacillus sp., and CD25 belongs to Stenotrophomonas sp. After biotreatment of lignite and bituminous coal, the kinds of newly produced compounds were 33 and 45, respectively. Metabolomics analysis showed that a large number of alkane compounds and heterocyclic aromatic compounds were produced after degradation of bituminous coal and lignite by isolated bacteria, and most of the compounds had been produced in a hydroxylated or acylated manner, indicating that the initial microbial treatment enhanced the bioavailability of coal. Some alkaloids and biosurfactants were also detected in the aforementioned products, such as glycerophosphocholine, proveratrol A, proveratrol B, surfactin, etc. These microbial metabolites may play an important role in solubilization during the degradation of coal. This study added to the understanding of the complicated metabolic process of methanogenic coal bioconversion and enabled effective production of biomethane with appropriate metabolic strategies.
Changes in the study abroad gender gap: A European cross‐country analysis
Authors: Di Pietro Giorgio 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlthough it is well‐established that female participation in study abroad programmes is higher than the male participation, less is known about how this gap has changed over time. Using student‐level data from the nationally representative surveys of three European countries (France, Germany and Italy), this paper begins by examining changes in the relationship between gender and participation in study abroad programmes between the beginning of the 2000s and the mid‐2010s. It then explores to what extent these changes can be explained by different characteristics of men and women. The results suggest that in none of the countries there is evidence of a systematic decline over time in women's over‐representation in study abroad programmes. However, the size of the gap is consistently significantly reduced (or even the sign of the gap reversed) once gender differences in observable traits are accounted for. Field of study and academic performance are important factors contributing to the gender disparity in study abroad.
Adoption of peer review of literature search strategies in knowledge synthesis from 2009 to 2018: An overview
Authors: Neilson Christine J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundKnowledge synthesis (KS) reviews rely on good quality literature searches to capture a complete set of relevant studies, and peer review of the search strategy is one quality control mechanism that contributes to better quality reviews. Guidelines for peer review of electronic search strategies (PRESS) have been available since 2008.ObjectivesThis overview provides a snapshot of KS indexed in Scopus, published between 2009 and 2018, that reported peer review of the literature search strategy.MethodsArticles were identified through citation chasing for PRESS guidance documents and supplementary keyword searches. The characteristics of individual articles and the journals that published them were documented, and descriptive statistics were compiled.Results415 articles from 169 journals met inclusion criteria. Approximately half were published in 14 journal titles. Most reviews reported the involvement of an information professional, but PRESS reviewers were rarely acknowledged. An overwhelming majority of review teams were based in Canada.DiscussionReported use of PRESS was low during the period examined, but under‐reporting may be a factor. Investigation of the barriers and facilitators of PRESS adoption is needed.ConclusionDespite its value, adoption of PRESS appears low. Advocacy for, and education about, PRESS may be required.
Importance of COX‐2 expression in Wilms’ tumour: A preliminary study
Authors: Ceylan Onur , Caglar Ozgur 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesIn Wilms’ tumour (WT), secondary malignancies caused by the side effects of intensive treatments remain one of the important problems. Therefore, there is a need for new studies to identify low‐ and high‐risk groups for WT and to improve the treatment regimens of children in the low‐risk group. In our study, we aimed to determine the prognostic significance of the cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) biomarker in WT.Materials and MethodsOur study included 24 patients diagnosed with WT between January 2010 and December 2019. The correlation between COX‐2 expression and significant prognostic parameters was investigated by studying the COX‐2 antibody using the immunohistochemical method.ResultsCOX‐2 expression was observed in 22 of the patients and it was more evident in the epithelial component. No significant correlation was observed between COX‐2 positivity and prognostic parameters. There was also no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding survival (P = .563).ConclusionsIn our study, no significant relationship was found between significant prognostic parameters and COX‐2 expression. Since COX‐2 expression was observed in almost all patients, we consider that the COX‐2 pathway is effective during the development phase of WT.
Relationship between daily testosterone production and bispectral index (BIS) values in patients who underwent septoplasty operation
Authors: Duymaz Gokcen , Ozgur Tuncay , Kara Ali Giray , Erden Veysel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimThe study aimed to investigate the effect of varying testosterone levels in the morning and evening on the depth of anaesthesia in patients who underwent a septoplasty.Materials and MethodsMale patients who underwent septoplasty under general anaesthesia between September 2016 and September 2017 were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of patients who were operated on in the morning hours (between 8.00 and 10.00) when the testosterone level was the highest and the second group consisted of patients who had the lowest testosterone level in the afternoon (between 14.00 and 16.00). Blood was taken from the brachial vein to measure the testosterone level of the patients and blood testosterone levels were measured by mass spectrometry before the induction of anaesthesia.ResultsSixty patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 33.77 ± 10.98 years. The rocuronium and propofol doses used in the morning group were significantly higher (P = .012 for propofol, P = .002 for rocuronium, P < .001 for rocuronium dose) (Table 2). Additionally, the time to reach saturation of sevoflurane doses in expirium and inspiration was later in the morning group (morning group at 15th minute, evening group at 10th minute).ConclusionsSedation anaesthesia applied in patients who underwent septoplasty operation was associated with testosterone level and it was more difficult for patients to switch to sedation with increased testosterone level.
Effects of curcumin‐based photodynamic method on protein degradation of oysters
Authors: Lu Na , Wang Zhiguang , Zhang Xu , Liu Fang , Gao Yuan , Li Zhaojie , Xue Changhu , Tang Qingjuan 
Published: March 2021

SummaryPhotodynamic treatment (PDT) is a novel cold‐sterilisation technology, but the evaluation of the protein quality of shellfish was scarce. In this study, the effects of curcumin (CUR)‐mediated PDT on delaying protein degradation of oysters during cold storage at 4 ℃ and the mechanisms were investigated. The protein‐degradation indexes and related enzymes were determined every 2 days. The results showed that the content of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N), polypeptide nitrogen (PeN), amino acid nitrogen (AN) and free amino acid (FAA) in photodynamic group was significantly different from the control group since the first 2 days (P < 0.05). The pH value was significantly changed by PDT at the 4th and 8th day (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the activities of serine and aspartic protease were significantly inhibited by PDT during the whole cold storage (P < 0.05). Therefore, the study indicated that PDT has a positive effect on preventing protein degradation.
The effects of faking on the relationship between cognitive ability and conscientiousness: A cautionary note
Authors: Davison H. Kristl , Kluemper Donald H. , Tao Siyi , Stewart David W. , Bing Mark 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIt is well‐established that selection decisions can be improved using multiple non‐redundant assessments. Two such assessments are cognitive ability and conscientiousness. Though meta‐analytic findings demonstrate little or no relationship between cognitive ability and conscientiousness, faking research suggests the two variables are related when test‐takers are motivated to fake. We extend this logic by showing that incremental validity for conscientiousness declines when respondents fake, due to enhanced collinearity between conscientiousness and cognitive ability. Three studies, employing within‐subjects designs and utilizing three different faking conditions, reveal a consistent increase in collinearity between conscientiousness and cognitive ability when respondents are motivated to fake, leading to reduced incremental validity of conscientiousness beyond cognitive ability in predicting the performance. Implications for selection systems are discussed.
The double‐edged sword of Tregs in M tuberculosis, M avium, and M. abscessus infection
Authors: Verma Deepshikha , Chan Edward D. , Ordway Diane J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractImmunity against different Mycobacteria species targeting the lung requires distinctly different pulmonary immune responses for bacterial clearance. Many parameters of acquired and regulatory immune responses differ quantitatively and qualitatively from immunity during infection with Mycobacteria species. Nontuberculosis Mycobacteria species (NTM) Mycobacterium avium‐ (M avium), Mycobacterium abscessus‐(M abscessus), and the Mycobacteria species Mycobacterium tuberculosis‐(Mtb). Herein, we discuss the potential implications of acquired and regulatory immune responses in the context of animal and human studies, as well as future directions for efforts to treat Mycobacteria diseases.
Is Humane Farming Morally Permissible?
Authors: Smolkin Doran 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHumane farming can be defined as the practice of raising animals for food in an environment that is good for them and where they are killed in a manner that is relatively painless. Many people who oppose factory farming think that humane farming is morally permissible, even morally laudable. In what follows, I focus on one argument in support of humane farming that emphasizes its good consequences, not only for producers, and consumers, but for the animals themselves. I discuss problems for this argument and explain how it can be revised to overcome those problems. In the end, I explain why even the strongest version of the good‐consequences argument fails to show that most cases of humane farming are morally permissible. However, my objections to this argument suggest that humane farming may be morally permissible in rare cases.
When and how health‐oriented leadership relates to employee well‐being—The role of expectations, self‐care, and LMX
Authors: Kaluza Antonia J. , Weber Franziska , van Dick Rolf , Junker Nina M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDespite the increasing interest in leaders’ health‐promoting behavior, the employees’ role in the effectiveness of such behavior and the mechanisms underlying how such leadership behavior affects their well‐being have largely been ignored. Drawing on implicit leadership theories, we advance the health‐oriented leadership literature by examining employees’ ideals, that is, their expectations regarding such leader behavior, as a moderating factor. We propose that higher expectations increase the association between actual health‐oriented leader behavior and employee‐rated leader‐member relationships (LMX) and health‐oriented behaviors by employees, which, in turn, positively relate to their well‐being (here: exhaustion and work engagement). We tested our theoretical model in three studies, using a cross‐sectional design (Study 1, N = 307), a two‐wave time‐lagged design (Study 2, N = 144) and an experimental design (Study 3, N = 173). We found that the effect of actual health‐oriented leader behavior on LMX is contingent on employees’ ideal health‐oriented leader behavior. Yet, for employees’ self‐care behavior, the proposed moderation was only significant in Study 1. High expectations strengthened the relationship between actual health‐oriented leader behavior with LMX and self‐care behavior, which, in turn, were associated with less exhaustion and more work engagement (only LMX), supporting most of our mediation hypotheses. Our results highlight the pivotal role of employees’ expectations regarding leaders’ health support and help in building practical interventions with regard to leaders’ health promotion.
Impact of diagnosis‐to‐ablation time on non‐pulmonary vein triggers and ablation outcomes in persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Takamiya Tomomasa , Nitta Junichi , Inaba Osamu , Sato Akira , Inamura Yukihiro , Murata Kazuya , Ikenouchi Takashi , Kono Toshikazu , Takahashi Yoshihide , Goya Masahiko , Sasano Tetsuo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionNon‐pulmonary vein (PV) triggers are a major cause of atrial tachyarrhythmia (ATA) recurrence after catheter ablation. However, the effect of the diagnosis‐to‐ablation time (DAT) on non‐PV triggers in persistent atrial fibrillation is unknown.Methods and ResultsThis observational study evaluated 502 consecutive persistent AF patients who underwent initial ablation. We compared 408 patients whose DAT was <3 years with 94 patients whose DAT was ≥3 years. Following PV and posterior wall isolation, 193 non‐PV triggers, including 50 AFs, 30 atrial tachycardias (ATs), and 113 repetitive atrial premature beats, were elicited and ablated in 137 (27%) patients. Specifically, 80 non‐PV AF/AT triggers were provoked in 64 (13%) patients, being identified more frequently in the DAT ≥ 3 years group than in the DAT < 3 years group (20% vs. 11%, p = .025) especially with a higher prevalence of coronary sinus/inferior left atrial triggers. During a median follow‐up of 770 days, the ATA recurrence‐free rate was higher in the DAT < 3 years group than the DAT ≥ 3 years group (79% vs. 53% at 2 years, p < .001). In a multivariate analysis, female sex (odds ratio: 2.70, p = .002) and a longer DAT (odds ratio: 1.13/year, p = .008) were predictors of non‐PV AF/AT triggers, and a longer DAT (hazard ratio: 1.12/year, p < .001) and non‐PV AT/AF triggers (hazard ratio: 1.79, p = .009) were associated with ATA recurrence.ConclusionEarly ablation after the first diagnosis of persistent AF may reduce emerging non‐PV AF/AT triggers and ATA recurrence.
Circular RNA circANAPC2 mediates the impairment of endochondral ossification by miR‐874‐3p/SMAD3 signalling pathway in idiopathic short stature
Authors: Liu Xijuan , Du Zhi , Yi Xuan , Sheng Tianle , Yuan Jinghong , Jia Jingyu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIdiopathic short stature (ISS) is a main reason for low height among children. Its exact aetiology remains unclear. Recent findings have suggested that the aberrant expression of circRNAs in peripheral blood samples is associated with many diseases. However, to date, the role of aberrant circRNA expression in mediating ISS pathogenesis remains largely unknown. The up‐regulated circANAPC2 was identified by circRNA microarray analysis and RT‐qPCR. Overexpression of circANAPC2 inhibited the proliferation of human chondrocytes, and cell cycle was arrested in G1 phase. The expressions of collagen type X, RUNX2, OCN and OPN were significantly down‐regulated following circANAPC2 overexpression. Moreover, Von Kossa staining intensity and alkaline phosphatase activity were also decreased. Luciferase reporter assay results showed that circANAPC2 could be targeted by miR‐874‐3p. CircANAPC2 overexpression in human chondrocytes inhibits the expression of miR‐874‐3p. The co‐localization of circANAPC2 and miR‐874‐3p was confirmed in both human chondrocytes and murine femoral growth plates via in situ hybridization. The rescue experiment demonstrated that the high expression of miR‐874‐3p overexpression antagonized the suppression of endochondral ossification, hypertrophy and chondrocyte growth caused by circANAPC2 overexpression. A high‐throughput screening of mRNA expression and RT‐qPCR verified SMAD3 demonstrated the highest different expressions following overcircANAPC2. Luciferase reporter assay results indicated that miR‐874‐3p could be targeted by Smad3, thus down‐regulating the expression of Smad3. Subsequent rescue experiments of SMAD3 further confirmed that circANAPC2 suppresses endochondral ossification, hypertrophy and chondrocyte growth through miR‐874‐3p/Smad3 axis. The present study provides evidence that circANAPC2 can serve as a promising target for ISS treatment.
H2S catalysed by CBS regulates testosterone synthesis through affecting the sulfhydrylation of PDE
Authors: Wang Jing , Wang Jing , Shen Tao , Hong Renyun , Tang Shanshan , Zhao Xia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTestosterone deficiency resulted in increased mortality in men. Our previous work found that hydrogen sulphide (H2S) significantly alleviated the spermatogenesis disorder. To investigate whether H2S could regulate testosterone synthesis and the relative signalling pathways. Disorder model of testosterone synthesis was constructed in vitro and in vivo. The cell viability was detected using CCK‐8 method. The concentration of H2S and testosterone were examined using ELISA kits. The relative mRNA and protein expression of CBS, PDE4A, PDE8A and proteins related to testosterone synthesis were detected by RT‐qPCR and western blotting. PAS staining was used to detect the inflammatory status of testis. The sulfhydryl level of PDE4A and PDE8A was determined by Biotin Switch Technique. CBS overexpression inhibited while knockdown promoted LPS + H2O2 induced injury in testosterone synthesis of MLTC‐1 cells, though regulating the level of H2S. The LPS + H2O2 induced inhibition on cAMP and p‐PKA was recovered by CBS overexpression, while addition of the specific inhibitor of PKA had opposite effects. CBS overexpression alleviated the inflammation status in testis and promoted the expression of StAR, P450scc, P450c17 and 3β‐HSD. CBS could also exhibit its protective role through promoting sulfhydrylation of PDE4A and PDE8A. H2S catalysed by CBS could recover testosterone synthesis in vitro and in vivo through inhibiting PDE expression via sulfhydryl modification and activating cAMP/PKA pathway.
Nanoparticle formulation of mycophenolate mofetil achieves enhanced efficacy against hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting tumour‐associated fibroblast
Authors: Yang Zhentao , Zhang Liang , Zhu Hai , Zhou Ke , Wang Hangxiang , Wang Yuchen , Su Rong , Guo Danjing , Zhou Lin , Xu Xiao , Song Penghong , Zheng Shusen , Xie Haiyang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive tumours with marked fibrosis. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) was well‐established to have antitumour and anti‐fibrotic properties. To overcome the poor bioavailability of MMF, this study constructed two MMF nanosystems, MMF‐LA@DSPE‐PEG and MMF‐LA@PEG‐PLA, by covalently conjugating linoleic acid (LA) to MMF and then loading the conjugate into polymer materials, PEG5k‐PLA8k and DSPE‐ PEG2k, respectively. Hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and C57BL/6 xenograft model were used to examine the anti‐HCC efficacy of nanoparticles (NPs), whereas NIH‐3T3 fibroblasts and highly‐fibrotic HCC models were used to explore the anti‐fibrotic efficacy. Administration of NPs dramatically inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells and fibroblasts in vitro. Animal experiments revealed that MMF‐LA@DSPE‐PEG achieved significantly higher anti‐HCC efficacy than free MMF and MMF‐LA@PEG‐PLA both in C57BL/6 HCC model and highly‐fibrotic HCC models. Immunohistochemistry further confirmed that MMF‐LA@DSPE‐PEG dramatically reduced cancer‐associated fibroblast (CAF) density in tumours, as the expression levels of alpha‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), fibroblast activation protein (FAP) and collagen IV were significantly downregulated. In addition, we found the presence of CAF strongly correlated with increased HCC recurrence risk after liver transplantation. MMF‐LA@DSPE‐PEG might act as a rational therapeutic strategy in treating HCC and preventing post‐transplant HCC recurrence.
Comparative analyses of the soft tissue interfaces around teeth and implants: Insights from a pre‐clinical implant model
Authors: Yuan Xue , Pei Xibo , Chen Jinlong , Zhao Yuan , Brunski John B. , Helms Jill A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate the similarities and differences in barrier function of a peri‐implant epithelium (PIE) versus a native junctional epithelium (JE).Materials and methodsA mouse model was used wherein titanium implants were placed sub‐occlusally in healed extraction sites. The PIE was examined at multiple timepoints after implant placement, to capture and understand the temporal nature of its assembly and homeostatic status. Mitotic activity, hemidesmosomal attachment apparatus, and inflammatory responses in the PIE were compared against a JE. Additionally, we evaluated whether the PIE developed a Wnt‐responsive stem cell niche like a JE.ResultsThe PIE developed from oral epithelium (OE) that had, by the time of implant placement, lost all characteristics of a JE. Compared with a JE, an established PIE had more proliferating cells, exhibited lower expression of attachment proteins, and had significantly more inflammatory cells in the underlying connective tissue. Wnt‐responsive cells in the OE contributed to an initial PIE, but Wnt‐responsive cells and their descendants were lost as the PIE matured.ConclusionsAlthough histologically similar, the PIE lacked a Wnt‐responsive stem cell niche and exhibited characteristics of a chronically inflamed tissue. Both features contributed to suboptimal barrier functions of the PIE compared with a native JE.