bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Persons with Disability Need Healing?
Authors: Sande Nomatter , Ringson John 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Much has been written on disability care and support from human rights, cultural, and religious perspectives around the world. However, there is still a paucity of information on the experiences of Persons with Disability (pwd) in their divine healing and deliverance encounter with the African Pentecostal Churches (apc) in Zimbabwe. This qualitative phenomenological study seeks to establish the lived experiences of 28 pwd s within the selected four apc s operating in the Harare province of Zimbabwe. The central questions underpinning this study were whether pwd need divine healing, and are they getting healed? The study used the religious model of disability and the Pentecostal ‘hermeneutic of healing’ as theoretical frameworks. While healing is essential to physical life, the findings show that pwd need dignity, recognition, and compassion more than the uncertain promises of divine healing. In the premises of the preceding, the study concludes and recommends that pwd receive holistic material and psychosocial support and that they stop endlessly chasing after a physical healing.
From the Gesta Romanorum to Werner Bergengruen
Authors: Classen Albrecht 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Horribile dictu, the twenty-first century is witnessing a steady decline of democracy and the rise of autocratic, self-aggrandizing rulers in many countries across the world. How long will they stay in power, however? Already since the high Middle Ages, numerous poets across Europe explored the topic of the ‘emperor in misery,’ in which an angel takes on the appearance of the emperor, which forces the latter to go through a long period of extreme suffering, being denied all respect, rejected, beaten, imprisoned, suffering from hunger and cold. Eventually, the poor emperor learns to accept his destiny, repents his previous hubris, confesses his sins, and suddenly realizes that his doppelgänger is actually an angel sent from God to teach him a lesson. Once this transformation in his soul has happened, the angel explains the entire situation, warns the emperor never to commit his sins again, and disappears. Of course, it is doubtful whether these narratives might have ever had a direct impact on the political situation, but the warning for evil rulers resonated throughout the centuries and found a remarkable continuation in one of the novellas of the Baltic-German author Werner Bergengruen (1946).
Sensitivity of radiative flux simulations to ice cloud parameterization over the equatorial western Pacific Ocean region
Authors: REN TONG , LI DONGCHEN , MULLER JAKE , YANG PING 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPrevious studies suggest explanations of the observed cancellation of shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) cloud radiative effects (CREs) at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) over tropical oceans where deep convection prevails, such as interactions among cloud microphysics, radiation, and dynamics. However, simulations based on general circulation models (GCMs) show disagreement in terms of the net (SW + LW) CREs over tropical deep convective ocean regions. One of the GCM uncertainty sources is the parameterization of ice cloud bulk optical properties. In this study, a combination of active and passive satellite daytime cloud retrievals is used to study the sensitivity of radiation flux calculations to ice cloud parameterization over the equatorial western Pacific Ocean region. Three ice cloud schemes are tested. The first is a widely used scheme that assumes hexagonal column ice particles. The second scheme treats ice particles as aggregates of surface-roughened hexagonal columns. The third scheme best matches the cloud ice mass-dimension relation in the cloud microphysics scheme by assuming a mixture of two ice particle habits. The results show that the hexagonal-column-based scheme has the weakest SW CRE but strongest LW CRE among the three. In addition, cloud optical thickness and effective radius are used to cluster cold-top single-layer ice clouds into three types, which resemble thin cirrus, detrained anvil clouds, and deep convective cores, respectively. In agreement with previous studies, cloud SW heating overwhelms LW cooling in the upper portion of anvil-like clouds.
Engaging target users to appraise and refine clinical practice guidelines in pediatric concussion: An integrated knowledge translation approach
Authors: Paniccia Melissa , Provvidenza Christine , Kingsnorth Shauna , Ippolito Christina , Zemek Roger , Reed Nick 
Published: May 2021

Background Clinical practice guidelines are systematically developed statements that assist clinicians in making evidence informed decisions regarding patient care. Within pediatric concussion, the Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation released the Guidelines for Diagnosing and Managing Pediatric Concussion in 2014. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the 2014 guidelines using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) evaluation tool, in addition to a brief knowledge translation survey, and to utilize the collected feedback from end users to inform improvements to support an updated version. An integrated knowledge translation approach was employed using clinical experts as guideline appraisers. Methods A purposive sample of researchers, physicians, allied health professionals, policy makers, educators and knowledge translation experts involved in updating the guidelines (N = 31) completed the AGREE II Likert scale survey regarding the 2014 guideline, and provided written justifications for their ratings. Domain and item AGREE II scaled scores were reported stratified by demographic factors, and written justifications were synthesized using content analysis to determine areas of improvement for the 2014 guideline. Results Appraisers scored the editorial independence (88.9%) and scope and purpose (80.8%) domains the highest, indicating high quality. The guidelines scored the lowest in the applicability domain (69.3%). Participants with less than 10 years of experience in their respective disciplines, as well as physicians and allied health professionals consistently provided higher ratings across domains compared to other professions. Conclusions The process of evaluating the 2014 guideline resulted in these important outcomes: (1) identified areas of the guideline that may have affected the lack of previous clinical uptake while abiding by a clinical practice guideline development framework; (2) shared and informed decision making regarding content and format of the revised clinical practice guideline; and (3) targeted content, clinical questions and dissemination strategies, which are key to clinical uptake.
Validation of a QTL for Grain Size and Weight Using an Introgression Line from a Cross between Oryza sativa and Oryza minuta
Authors: Feng Yue , Yuan Xiaoping , Wang Yiping , Yang Yaolong , Zhang Mengchen , Yu Hanyong , Xu Qun , Wang Shan , Niu Xiaojun , Wei Xinghua 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundGrain size and weight are important target traits determining grain yield and quality in rice. Wild rice species possess substantial elite genes that can be served as an important resource for genetic improvement of rice. In this study, we identify and validate a novel QTL on chromosome 7 affecting the grain size and weight using introgression lines from cross ofOryza sativaandOryza minuta.ResultsAn introgression line ‘IL188’ has been achieved from a wild speciesOryza minuta(2n = 48, BBCC, W303) intoO. sativa japonicaNipponbare. The F2and F2:3populations derived from a cross between IL188 and Nipponbare were used to map QTLs for five grain size traits, including grain length (GL), grain width (GW), grain length to width ratio (LWR), grain thickness (GT) and thousand grain weight (TGW). A total of 12 QTLs for the five grain traits were identified on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, and 8. The QTL-qGL7controlling GL on chromosome 7 was detected stably in the F2and F2:3populations, and explained 15.09–16.30% of the phenotypic variance. To validate the effect ofqGL7, eight residual heterozygous line (RHL) populations were developed through selfing four F2:3and four F2:4plants with different heterozygous segments for the target region. By further developing SSR and Indel markers in the target interval,qGL7was delimited to a ~ 261 kb region between Indel marker Y7–12 and SSR marker Y7–38, which also showed significant effects on grain width and thousand grain weight. Comparing with the reference genome of Nipponbare, stop or frameshift mutations in the exon of the three putative genesLOC_Os07g36830,LOC_Os07g36900andLOC_Os07g36910encoding F-box domain-containing proteins may be the candidate genes forqGL7. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the glume’s epidermal cells showed that the cell length and width of NIL-qGL7IL188was higher than NIL-qGL7Nip, indicating thatqGL7increases grain size and weight by regulating cell expansion.ConclusionsIn this study, we detected 12 QTLs regulating grain size and weight using an introgression line from a cross betweenOryza sativaandOryza minuta. Of these loci, we confirmed and delimited theqGL7to a ~ 261 kb region. Three putative genes,LOC_Os07g36830,LOC_Os07g36900andLOC_Os07g36910encoding F-box domain-containing proteins may be the candidate genes forqGL7. These results provide a basis for map-based cloning of theqGL7gene and useful information for marker assisted selection in rice grain quality improvement.
The health-related quality of life in Iranian patients with COVID-19
Authors: Alinia Cyrus , Yaghmaei Safura , Abdullah Farman Zahir , Ahmadi Asad , Samadi Nasrin , Pourteimour Sima , Safari Hossein , Mahmoodi Hassan , Moradi Ghobad , Piroozi Bakhtiar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 is a public health emergency with a high mortality rate and it reduces the patient’s Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) significantly. This effect is measured in the current study.

Methods
In a cross-sectional study in Iran, 320 randomly selected treated patients from COVID-19 were studied. To collect the required data, we applied a questionnaire that included socio-demographic factors, clinical characteristics, and questions on the patients’ HRQoL. Time trade-off (TTO) approach was used to measure the lost HRQoL attributed to COVID-19. Besides, we applied a two-limit Tobit regression model to determine the effects of the socio-demographic factors on patients’ health utility and the visual analogue scale approach was used to estimate the perceived total current health status.

Results
The overall mean (SE) and median (IQR) of the health utility values were 0.863 (0.01) and 0.909 (0.21) respectively. These values for the traders (those who were willing to lose a part of their remaining time of life to avoid the disease) were estimated at 0.793 (0.01) and 0.848 (0.17), respectively. The lowest amount of utility value belonged to the elderly (mean (SE) = 0.742 (0.04); median (IQR) = 0.765 (0.42)) and those living in rural areas (mean (SE)) = 0.804 (0.03); median (IQR) = 0.877 (0.30)). The univariate analysis showed that age, place of residence, and household size had a statistically significant effect on health utility. Moreover, findings of the regression analysis indicated that the participants’ age and hospitalization status were the key determinants of COVID-19 health utility value.

Conclusion
COVID-19 is associated with a substantial and measurable decrease in HRQoL. This decline in HRQoL can be directly compared with that induced by systemic health states.
Inter-hospital and inter-disciplinary variation in planned birth practices and readiness for change: a survey study
Authors: Coates Dominiek , Donnolley Natasha , Foureur Maralyn , Henry Amanda 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
How the application of evidence to planned birth practices, induction of labour (IOL) and prelabour caesarean (CS), differs between Australian maternity units remains poorly understood. Perceptions of readiness for practice change and resources to implement change in individual units are also unclear.

Aim
To identify inter-hospital and inter-professional variations in relation to current planned birth practices and readiness for change, reported by clinicians in 7 maternity units.

Method
Custom-created survey of maternity staff at 7 Sydney hospitals, with questions about women’s engagement with decision making, indications for planned birth, timing of birth and readiness for change. Responses from midwives and medical staff, and from each hospital, were compared.

Findings
Of 245 completed surveys (27% response rate), 78% were midwives and 22% medical staff. Substantial inter-hospital variation was noted for stated planned birth indication, timing, women’s involvement in decision-making practices, as well as in staff perceptions of their unit’s readiness for change. Overall, 48% (range 31–64%) and 64% (range 39–89%) agreed on a need to change their unit’s caesarean and induction practices respectively. The three units where greatest need for change was perceived also had least readiness for change in terms of leadership, culture, and resources. Regarding inter-disciplinary variation, medical staff were more likely than midwifery staff to believe women were appropriately informed and less likely to believe unit practice change was required.

Conclusion
Planned birth practices and change readiness varied between participating hospitals and professional groups. Hospitals with greatest perceived need for change perceived least resources to implement such change.
Efficacy and safety of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in advanced radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer and metastatic medullary thyroid cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Maghsoomi Zohreh , Emami Zahra , Malboosbaf Ramin , Malek Mojtaba , Khamseh Mohammad E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
It has been shown that a subgroup of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) would progress to advanced stages of thyroid cancer. Therefore, the present study was done to systematically review available evidence in order to investigate efficacy and safety of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) in the patients with advanced radioiodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC) and metastatic MTC.

Methods
For this purpose, relevant studies investigated safety and efficacy of PRRT in the patients with advanced RR-DTC and metastatic MTC were identified by searching Medline (Pubmed, Ovid, and Ebsco), Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases (from database inception to March 24, 2021). The review was performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. Searching was done independently by two investigators. Two researchers independently extracted the data and any disagreement was adjudicated by consensus. Quality of the studies was assessed using the tool of case reports/series in systematic reviews.

Results
Among 2284 related papers, 41 papers met the inclusion criteria. A total of 157 patients with RR-DTC were treated with PPRT. Biochemical and objective responses (partial and complete) were observed in 25.3 and 10.5% of patients, respectively. Among 220 patients with metastatic MTC, biochemical and objective responses were observed in 37.2 and 10.6% of the patients, respectively.
Forty-six deaths were reported in 95 patients with advanced RR-DTC. In addition, 63 deaths were observed in 144 patients with metastatic MTC. Major side effects were reported in 124 patients treated with 90Y -based agent. In the patients treated with 177Lu-DOTA-TATE and 111In-Octreotide, mild and transient hematologic or renal complications were reported.

Conclusion
Findings of the study revealed that in the absence of the established treatment for the patients with RR-DTC and metastatic MTC, PRRT could be effective with few adverse events.

Trial registration
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42019125245.
Socioeconomic inequalities in lifestyle risk factors across low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Dieteren Charlotte , Bonfrer Igna 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe heavy and ever rising burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) warrants interventions to reduce their underlying risk factors, which are often linked to lifestyles. To effectively supplement nationwide policies with targeted interventions, it is important to know how these risk factors are distributed across socioeconomic segments of populations in LMICs. This study quantifies the prevalence and socioeconomic inequalities in lifestyle risk factors in LMICs, to identify policy priorities conducive to the Sustainable Development Goal of a one third reduction in deaths from NCDs by 2030.MethodsData from 1,278,624 adult respondents to Demographic & Health Surveys across 22 LMICs between 2013 and 2018 are used to estimate crude prevalence rates and socioeconomic inequalities in tobacco use, overweight, harmful alcohol use and the clustering of these three in a household. Inequalities are measured by a concentration index and correlated with the percentage of GDP spent on health. We estimate a multilevel model to examine associations of individual characteristics with the different lifestyle risk factors.ResultsThe prevalence of tobacco use among men ranges from 59.6% (Armenia) to 6.6% (Nigeria). The highest level of overweight among women is 83.7% (Egypt) while this is less than 12% in Burundi, Chad and Timor-Leste. 82.5% of women in Burundi report that their partner is “often or sometimes drunk” compared to 1.3% in Gambia. Tobacco use is concentrated among the poor, except for the low share of men smoking in Nigeria. Overweight, however, is concentrated among the better off, especially in Tanzania and Zimbabwe (Erreygers Index (EI) 0.227 and 0.232). Harmful alcohol use is more concentrated among the better off in Nigeria (EI 0.127), while Chad, Rwanda and Togo show an unequal pro-poor distribution (EI respectively − 0.147, − 0.210, − 0.266). Cambodia exhibits the largest socioeconomic inequality in unhealthy household behaviour (EI − 0.253). The multilevel analyses confirm that in LMICs, tobacco and alcohol use are largely concentrated among the poor, while overweight is concentrated among the better-off. The associations between the share of GDP spent on health and the socioeconomical distribution of lifestyle factors are multidirectional.ConclusionsThis study emphasizes the importance of lifestyle risk factors in LMICs and the socioeconomic variation therein. Given the different socioeconomic patterns in lifestyle risk factors - overweight patters in LMICs differ considerably from those in high income countries- tailored interventions towards specific high-risk populations are warranted to supplement nationwide policies.
Maternal tobacco exposure and health-related quality of life during pregnancy: a national-based study of pregnant women in China
Authors: Sun Weiwei , Huang Xinyu , Wu Huailiang , Zhang Casper J. P. , Yin Zongzhi , Fan Qianqian , Wang Huiyun , Jayavanth Pallavi , Akinwunmi Babatunde , Wu Yanxin , Wang Zilian , Ming Wai-kit 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundWith the increase of the number of smokers, tobacco exposure among pregnant women is becoming more and more common. Pregnant women exposed to first-hand smoke and second-hand smoke are susceptible to physiological and psychological health issues has been proved in previous studies. Nevertheless, there are no enough studies focus on the impact of third-hand smoke during pregnancy. This study aimed to assess and compare health-related quality of life for pregnant women with exposure to first-hand smoke, second-hand smoke, third-hand smoke and non-exposure to tobacco in mainland China.MethodsNational-based cross-sectional study is based on a questionnaire survey which collects information including demographics, smoking behaviors and self-evaluation. All questionnaires were delivered and collected from August to September 2019. EuroQol group’s visual analog scale and EuroQoL Five-dimension Questionnaire were used to collect data in mainland China.ResultsTotally, 15,682 pregnant women were included in this study, among which non-exposure to smoke were 7564 (48.2%), exposed to first-hand smoke, second-hand smoke and third-hand smoke were 89 (0.6%), 2349 (15.0%), and 5680 (36.2%) respectively. Pregnant women without tobacco exposure had the highest EuroQol group’s visual analog scale score (mean value = 85.4[SD = 14.0]), while those with first-hand smoke had the lowest score (mean value = 77.4[SD = 22.2]). Among all five dimensions of EuroQoL Five-dimension Questionnaire, there were significant differences of EQ-index among groups with different tobacco exposure in usual activity and anxiety or depression dimensions (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThird-hand smoke exposure had close relationship with low health-related quality of life in pregnant women. Moreover, second-hand smoke exposure significantly led more problems on mental dimension of pregnant women.
Interactions among mTORC, AMPK and SIRT: a computational model for cell energy balance and metabolism
Authors: Sadria Mehrshad , Layton Anita T. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Cells adapt their metabolism and activities in response to signals from their surroundings, and this ability is essential for their survival in the face of perturbations. In tissues a deficit of these mechanisms is commonly associated with cellular aging and diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, immune system decline, and neurological pathologies. Several proteins have been identified as being able to respond directly to energy, nutrient, and growth factor levels and stress stimuli in order to mediate adaptations in the cell. In particular, mTOR, AMPK, and sirtuins are known to play an essential role in the management of metabolic stress and energy balance in mammals.

Methods
To understand the complex interactions of these signalling pathways and environmental signals, and how those interactions may impact lifespan and health-span, we have developed a computational model of metabolic signalling pathways. Specifically, the model includes (i) the insulin/IGF-1 pathway, which couples energy and nutrient abundance to the execution of cell growth and division, (ii) mTORC1 and the amino acid sensors such as sestrin, (iii) the Preiss-Handler and salvage pathways, which regulate the metabolism of NAD+ and the NAD+ -consuming factor SIRT1, (iv) the energy sensor AMPK, and (v) transcription factors FOXO and PGC-1α.

Results
The model simulates the interactions among key regulators such as AKT, mTORC1, AMPK, NAD+ , and SIRT, and predicts their dynamics. Key findings include the clinically important role of PRAS40 and diet in mTORC1 inhibition, and a potential link between SIRT1-activating compounds and premature autophagy. Moreover, the model captures the exquisite interactions of leucine, sestrin2, and arginine, and the resulting signal to the mTORC1 pathway. These results can be leveraged in the development of novel treatment of cancers and other diseases.

Conclusions
This study presents a state-of-the-art computational model for investigating the interactions among signaling pathways and environmental stimuli in growth, ageing, metabolism, and diseases. The model can be used as an essential component to simulate gene manipulation, therapies (e.g., rapamycin and wortmannin), calorie restrictions, and chronic stress, and assess their functional implications on longevity and ageing‐related diseases.