bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-dimensional temperature oscillations and elastic thermocyclic stresses in sphere and space with spherical cavity under spatially inhomogeneous heat transfer conditions
Authors: Supel’nyak M I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The problem of steady-state temperature oscillations and thermocyclic stresses in regions bounded from inside or from outside by spherical surface is considered. To find them, the uncoupled quasistatic cyclic thermoelasticity problem under axisymmetric heat transfer conditions has been solved. The given definition corresponds to a solution that depends on two spatial variables. The thermal conductivity problem is solved by method of separation of variables for three types of boundary condition. Solution of the elastic displacement problem is obtained by using thermoelastic potential of displacements and Papkovich-Neuber solution for isothermal deformation.
Steam technology application for liquid hydrocarbons combustion
Authors: Alekseenko S V , Anufriev I S , Kopyev E P , Sharypov O V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Crude oil is an attractive fuel for energy production because it does not require the additional costs for processing and, in some cases, transportation. Existing technologies for combusting liquid fuel do not always ensure the achievement of required parameters, in particular, the environmental ones. The authors suggest to use the technology of crude oil burning in the presence of superheated steam as one of the ways to improve environmental performance at hydrocarbon combustion. For this purpose, the design of atmospheric burner with liquid fuel spraying by a jet of superheated steam was modernized. The regimes of crude oil combustion in a modernized burner are determined. The results obtained indicate the efficiency of using the proposed technology for combustion of crude oil sprayed by a jet of superheated steam, as well as the prospects of the developed design of a low-power burner for practical applications.
Enhancement of critical heat fluxes at pool boiling on structured surfaces
Authors: Khaziev I A , Dedov A V , Fedorovich S D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A comparison of experimental data on heat transfer and CHF at pool boiling on structured surfaces is performed. An analysis of the CHF increase depending of the surface development is performed. New experimental data on the Leidenfrost temperature on structured surfaces are obtained. Beam technologies for surface modification are presented. Experimental data on CHF at R-113 pool boiling on structured surfaces are presented.
Comparative analysis of the results of experimental and numerical studies of thermal and hydraulic characteristics of micro-hilly and corrugated plate surfaces
Authors: Verbanov I S , Gulimovskiy I A , Svetlakov A L , Lepeshkin A R 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The experimental analysis of heat transfer in plate heat exchange channels, presented in this paper, was carried out on the installation of visualizing the temperature distribution on the surface of the electro-heated air flow cooled heat transfer envelope using a thermal camera. Experimental studies were carried out in a wide range of air flow. In the comparative analysis, the average deviation of the experimental values from the numerical simulation for the Nusselt criterion was about 15%. The worst systematic discrepancy between the Euler numbers (excess of the calculated losses over the experiment) is observed for the hydraulic characteristics of the hilly surface, but it does not exceed +22% in the transition region, decreasing to +14% in the region of developed turbulence. Within these errors, it is possible to use numerical 3d calculations for the development of databases of criteria dependences of corrugated and hilly heat exchange surfaces. To calculate the full-size heat exchangers obtained by calculation criterion dependences for different geometric characteristics of the models of corrugated and hilly surfaces are presented.
Numerical modeling of electric arc motion in external constant magnetic field
Authors: Toktaliev P D , Semenev P A , Moralev I A , Kazanskii P N , Bityrin V A , Bocharov A N 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper generalizes to the three-dimensional case the previously proposed two-dimensional mathematical model of the motion of a plasma formation in a constant transverse magnetic field. The complete system of single-fluid magnetogasdynamic approximation of the equations of the hydrodynamic method for plasma description under conditions of local thermodynamic equilibrium is simplified in the electromagnetic part. Instead of solving the complete system of Maxwell’s equations, Ohm’s integral law is applied to the conducting region with usage of empirical data. Earlier studies in a two-dimensional version of this model as applied to the problem of describing the motion of an arc showed its effectiveness and efficiency for the class of problems under consideration. The simulation results with proposed extended model are compared with previously obtained calculated and experimental data. Main integral and local features of flow structure are highlighted.
High-heat flux tests of graphite in-vessel components of T-15MD tokamak with plasma and e-beam load
Authors: Fedorovich S D , Karpov A V , Budaev V P , Grashin S A , Gubkin M K , Lukashevsky M V , Voinkova I V , Rogozin K A , Konkov A A , Quang V Tran , Vasiliev G B , Usmanov R R 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Investigations of samples made of a graphite tile of the lining of the chamber of the T-15MD tokamak with plasma loads simulating the conditions in the peripheral and divertor plasma of a large T-15MD tokamak. When testing samples in a plasma installation PLM with plasma loads of 2 MW/m2 for more than 200 minutes, the surface temperature of the samples reached 1288 ° C. Plasma loading and heating of the surface within the specified limits does not lead to cracking change in the relief and graphite sputtering. The analysis of the morphology and structure of the surface was carried out using the methods of scanning electron microscopy of samples after thermal loads. Surface erosion is insignificant. Long-term plasma loads lead to the growth of a layer of porous carbon structures. The growth rate of structures does not exceed 1–2 μm/h at the maximum heating temperature of the samples and decreases 10 times at 800 ° C. Investigations of graphite samples in an electron-beam setup were carried out with a beam of accelerated 60 keV electrons, which simulates the effect on the graphite lining of the chamber of transient processes expected in the T-15MD tokamak, including ELMs. It is shown that the energy flux of 24 MW/m2 for electron irradiation should be recognized as a threshold for the destruction of the surface of graphite tiles.
Plasma technology for creating highly porous titanium materials for biocompatibility testing
Authors: Budaev V P , Fedorovich S D , Martynenko Yu V , Egorikhina M N , Karpov A V , Gubkin M K , Budaeva M V , Lazukin A V , Marchenkov A Yu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Titanium samples have been processed with plasma in PLM plasma device to obtain a highly porous nanostructured surface. Post-mortem analysis scanning electron microscopy of the samples has approved the formation of a porous stochastic nanostructured surface with the size of the pores and structure elements less than 500 nm. Such material samples will be used for biocompatibility testing using scaffold technology in support of the biomedical application of new highly porous materials.
A new method for measuring the spectral emissivity of heated bodies
Authors: Khodunkov V P , Zarichnyak Yu P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A new spectral method for measuring the emissivity of solids at high temperatures is considered. The method is based on a linear dependence of the spectral energy brightness of a body on wavelength in a narrow spectral range. The theoretical basis and the results of experimental verification of the method are presented.
Thermal conductivity prediction of Trans-1-Chloro-3,3,3-Trifluoropropene (R1233zd (E))
Authors: Tsvetkov O B , Mitropov V V , Prostorova A O , laptev Yu A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
R1233zd(E), trans-1-chloro-3,3,3,-trifluoropropene, is a fluorinated propene isomer which may be considered as an alternative working fluids in the field of heat pump and organic Rankine cycle. R1233zd(E) has a much lower GWP than hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFC) and their mixtures. In this paper an extension of a previously developed predictive methods for thermal conductivity to a new family of organic compounds, namely R1233zd(E) is considered. A study of the correlation of thermal conductivities of polyatomic gases in the limit of zero density of R1233zd(E) is presented. A theorically correlation scheme based on the formalism Mason-Monchik-Parker theory has been examined and found to be useful for prediction of thermal conductivity data of dilute gas. An attempt is made in this work on the theoretical approach by Predvoditelev, Vargaftik and Filippov proposed for prediction of thermal conductivity for liquid state. The scheme has been tested against the limited amount of experimental data available and shown to be capable of reproducing the thermal conductivities to within few percent. This predicting approach appears promising as an assist in the judgments in the area of this new generation of working fluids data studies.
Phase Transitions and Critical Properties of Binary Systems Consisting of Water, Alcohols, and Hydrocarbons
Authors: Bazaev E A , Bazaev A R , Osmanova B K , Dzhapparov T A G 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBy the method of constant volume piezometer values of p,T - and p,ρ,T-relations of binary homogeneous systems consist of water, alcohol (methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol) and hydrocarbon (n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane) with the concentration of the second component x=0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 0.9 mole fraction were obtained at subcritical, nearcritical and supercritical regions of stare parameters. Using isochoric p-T break point technique the values of the phase transition parameters ps,ρs,Ts(lg⇄l and lg ⇄g l–liquid, g–gas) were determined. Using grapho-analytical method combining with the scaling behavior the critical parameters (pc,ρc,Tc) are evaluated. The dependence of pressure from temperature, density and composition along the phase coexistence curve is described by three parameter polynomial represented by expansion of the compressibility factor Zs=psVms/RTs=ps/RTsρmsinto a power series of density ω=ρs/ρcand temperature τ=Ts/Tc, and concentration x.Zs=ps/RTsρms=1+∑i=1m∑j=0n∑k=0saijkωi/τj,ps=RTsρms[1+∑i=1m∑j=0n∑k=0saijkωi/τj]. The average relative deviation of calculated values of pressure from experimental ones is varied 0.1–0.5 % depending on the studied system and its component composition. The dependence of temperature from density along the liquid↔gas phase coexistence curve is described by equations: far from critical points ρl,g= ρc(1±B0τβ0+ B1τβ1± B2τβ2+ …), and in the symmetrical part of equilibrium curve (ρl- ρg)/2ρc= B0τβ0+ B2τβ2+ B4τβ4+ … Average relative error is 1.1-1.6%.
Expert diagnostics of slagging of heating surfaces of coal-fired boilers
Authors: Zagorodniy I V , Boiko E A , Ermak D E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article is devoted to the development of a system for the technical diagnostics of slagging processes and contamination of the heating surfaces of coal-fired steam boilers, which operates online based on the interpretation of the standard information of ACS TP and scientifically proved algorithms for processing balanced equations to evaluate the thermal efficiency of radiation, semi-radiation and convective heating surfaces. The system is implemented at the level of algorithmic data and software in the programming language C #, which is built into the current system of the automatic control system of the boiler unit. The project aims to increase the reliability, efficiency and economy of steam boilers by quick maintenance of heating surfaces in an operational clean state, ensuring optimal performance characteristics of the main technological equipment. This system is at the trial operation stage at the BKZ-500-140 boiler unit, station No. 6 of JSC Krasnoyarsk CHP-2. The expected effect of the introduction of this boiler due to the reduction of the blowing cycles and the decrease in the slagging intensity will amount up to 2.175 million rubles annually per one boiler unit.
Development of the system for preparing, maintaining and qualification improving of operational personnel of energy organizations
Authors: Okhotin V V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article discusses the structure of the system for preparing, maintaining and qualification improving of operational personnel (SPM and QI) of energy organizations and the main results of the work for its development with the participation of the author in the National Research University “MPEI” and energy organizations, in terms of legal support, organizational support, technical and mathematical support, software and methodological support for this system.
Efficiency Assessment of Hydrogen Production Systems under Fatigue Wear Conditions
Authors: Bairamov A A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article aims to assess the efficiency of hydrogen facility based on the night-time off-peak energy produced by the nuclear power plant (NPP) in comparison with the pumped storage power plant (PSPP) under conditions of fatigue wear of the master equipment. The relevance of hydrogen facility coupled to NPP units is evaluated. Evidenced is provided for the necessity of assessment and accounting of fatigue wear of the master equipment in the hydrogen facility. A new methodology for assessing the working resource of the master equipment has been worked out with account for the turbine rotor using of a condensation type turbine C-1000-60 / 1500 example under fatigue wear conditions. This methodology is used to determine the maximum number of cycles prior to fracture in the critical elements of the master equipment depending on the cyclic loads per day. A nomograph has been designed to estimate the prime cost of on-peak energy of the hydrogen system considering fatigue wear of the basic facility. Competitive advantages of the hydrogen complex and the PSPP is estimated based on the net present value criterion (NPV). It is shown that the hydrogen system can compete with the PSPP under its relative capital investments at about $ 660 / kW. The PSPP versions under the relative capital investments over $ 660 / kW lose their competitiveness compared to hydrogen complex.
Trigeneration units on carbon dioxide with two-time overheating with installation of turbo detainder and recovery boiler
Authors: Ovsyannik A V , Kovalchuk P A , Arshukov A I , Klyuchinsky V P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The schemes of a carbon dioxide trigeneration plant using secondary energy resources in the form of products of combustion or flue gases and a combined cycle gas turbine unit (CCGT) with a recovery boiler, which simultaneously produce electricity, heat and cold for centralized and decentralized supply of consumers, are presented. In addition, the production of liquid and gaseous carbon dioxide is possible. The main elements of the plants are a heating unit, a gas turbine unit with a recovery boiler, a turboexpander unit and a carbon dioxide unit for the production of cold, liquid and gaseous carbon dioxide. A thermodynamic calculation and a brief exergy analysis of the plants were carried out.
Reducing the negative environmental impact of thermal power plants by optimization of the operational modes of hydropower plants in the power grids
Authors: Aleksandrovskii A Yu , Klimenko V V , Tereshin A G , Volkov D M , Soldatkin A Yu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper analyses the current state of energy and the environment in the regions where the Russian largest HPP cascades are located – Volga region and Siberia. The effect of various limitations on HPP operations (power systems and water users restrictions, deviations from design operation characteristics) and resulting excess load at TPP are estimated. The environmental impact assessment (reducing emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases in energy systems assuming maximum hydropower generation) is conducted. It is shown, that actions to increase HPPs usage efficiency (construction of new transmission lines, raising water reservoir level to level established by HPP design, enhancement of basic rules of water resources use) can save 3 million tce of fossil fuel annually and decrease emissions of air pollutants by 50 thousand tons and of carbon dioxide by 6 million tons annually
Developing SupercomputerTwins Of NuclearPowerPlants ForVarious Applications With The Use Of Russian 3D Numerical Analysis Codes
Authors: Bolnov V A , Bolshukhin M A , Budnikov A V , Dmitriev S M , Zotova M V , Zotov I S , Petrunin V V , Sveshnikov D N , Romanov R I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The article describes the technology of the supercomputer twin of a nuclear power plants, which describes the main circulation circuit of the coolant. The technology is based on a joint one-dimensional and three-dimensional description of a reactor expanding the field of application of traditional one-dimensional system codes for describing fundamentally three-dimensional processes in reactor plenum. A description of the technology and verification data based on experimental studies is provided. The application of this technology to the analysis of the partial operating modes of the RITM-200 reactor plant was demonstrated, which made it possible to mitigate power limitations when disconnecting part of the heat exchange surface of the steam generator, reduce the costs of repair of the reactor plant associated with the replacement of steam generator cassettes, and avoid prolonged shutdown of a nuclear icebreaker.
About standards for hot water heating
Authors: Rotov P V , Sivukhin A A , Gafurov R A , Rotova M A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article examines the existing legislative features of hot water supply, sanitary-epidemiological and hygienic requirements, as well as temperature standards for the quality of hot water. Practice shows that the standard for heating cold water, in contrast to the standard for heating, is universally underestimated. A feature of domestic hot water supply systems that significantly affects the efficiency of their operation is the high value of the circulation flow in the heat balance. At constant circulation and hot water temperature in the range from 60°C to 70°C, the value of the actual specific heat consumption for TPP can be more than 0.1 Gcal Gcal/m3. In sparsely populated homes, neighborhoods, and where some of the residents have switched to independent gas or electric water heating, this value is even higher. In order to determine the actual coefficients for heating cold water to provide utilities for hot water and comparison with the approved standard for heating, affect the distribution of losses in heat supply and hot water, conducted a study of the modes of operation of intrahouse systems of a number of apartment houses in the heating system of the city of Ulyanovsk. Based on the results of technical measures, the values of the actual coefficients for cold water heating were determined, ways to reduce excess heat consumption for cold water heating were proposed, and the technical feasibility of their implementation was determined.
Development of optimization criterions of regenerative heat exchangers
Authors: Shatskikh Yu V , Geller Yu A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The paper offers a simple method for analyzing the operation of regenerative heat exchangers, which significantly reduces the amount of calculations. Similarity criterions of regenerative heat exchange are obtained, which can be used to analyze the relationship of their thermophysical, structural and operating parameters. Similarity criterions were formulated by reducing the differential equation of regenerative heat transfer to a dimensionless form. These mathematical transformations were performed under the condition of regular regime of heating (cooling) of the checkerwork. As a result, three similarity criterions are obtained. The first criterion Kp1 determines the ratio between the heat-accepting capacity of the heat transfer agent and the heat-accumulating capacity of the checkerwork. The second criterion Kp2 is the ratio between the heat-receiving capacity of the heat transfer agent and the intensity of convective heat exchange. The third criterion Kp3 is the ratio between the heat-accumulating capacity of the checkerwork and the intensity of convective heat exchange. Similarity criterions include both the design and performance characteristics of the regenerative heat exchanger. Using these criterions, it is possible to choose a rational operating mode for existing heat exchangers. The proposed method of criteria analysis of regenerative heat exchangers was applied to hot-blast stove. In particular, the conditions for implementing a regular regime in heat exchangers are found. The regular mode is characterized by a linear temperature distribution over the height of the checkerwork, which can be obtained by selecting the appropriate ratio of the reduced costs and the time of the cooling and heating periods. It is also shown in what range it is advisable to change the design and operating parameters of the heat exchanger in order to obtain the maximum heating temperature of the blast-furnace air and the maximum heat availability factor. Since the similarity criteria are universal, the proposed method can be applied to other types of regenerative heat exchangers.
Numerical variational study of the M-shaped boiler invert furnace
Authors: Prokhorov V B , Kirichkov V S , Chernov S L , Kaverin A A , Fomenko N E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Nowadays the world and Russian energy sector seeks to reduce the use of coal for electricity production, however, in the future its significant part will remain in the fuel balance. Due to environmental and economic factors, coal generation has to use technologies to reduce polluting emissions and including also CO2 (HELE technologies) for maintain competitiveness. One of these technologies is the use of a coal for A-USC steam parameters steam turbine cycle. This paper describes the studies conducted to develop the optimal scheme for burning solid fuel in an A-USC M-shaped boiler invert furnace proposed by the Dept. of Thermal Power Plants of the National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”. Six schemes with a different arrangement of direct-flow burners and nozzles are considered. A test installation for isothermal physical modeling was made for scheme No.1. The results of physical modeling were compared with the results of the numerical simulation model of the test installation. Schemes No. 1-6 were investigated using numerical simulation in the ANSYS software package to identify the best conditions for the organization of staged fuel combustion at low emissions of nitrogen oxides. Scheme 6 is recognized as the most optimal and will be used to create an isothermal physical test installation and conduct numerical simulations of the combustion process for a full-scale furnace model.