bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strain diversity and antibiotic-sensitivity of staphylococcus spp. Isolates from patients of multiprofile pediatric hospital in St. Petersburg, Russia
Authors: Gladin D. P. , Khairullina A. R. , Korolyuk A. M. , Kozlova N. S. , Ananyeva O. V. , Gorbunov O. G. 
Published: December 2021

Background. Staphylocci are the leading pus-forming Gram-positive bacteria in the childrens hospitals. The prevalence of the antibiotic resistant strains among them limits therapeutic effects of infections in children.
Aim. The research is aimed at characterizing the species of staphylococcus, which are isolated from the different clinical specimens of the patients at the clinics of Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University in 2019, and analysis of their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents.
Materials and metods. According to the clinical recommendations of 2018, susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs (AMD) was revealed in 860 strains of staphylococci determined by the disc diffusion method, which were identified by the automated analyser Vitek-2 compact.
Results. Six species of staphylococci were represented at the hospital departments, among which Staphylococcus epidermidis prevailed in the departments of the neonate pathology department and intensive care units (63.0% and 46.2% respectively), Staphylococcus aureus is commonly found at the departments of surgery and the departments of the therapeutic profiles (61.7% and 46.2% respectively). More than a half of the staphylococci strains (63.0%) were resistant to at least one of the antimicrobial drugs. Vancomycin and line solid showed the highest activity to these staphylococci. High specific weight of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria (37.8%) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains of the phenotype (33.0%) was revealed. The level of antibiotic resistant strains was the highest in Staphylococcus haemolyticus (98.1%) and S. epidermidis (82.0%), while the specific weight of the resistant ones, MDR and XDR strains was extremely low among S. aureus (16.2%, 1.5% and 0.4 respectively), as well as in methicillin-resistant isolates (0.8%).
Conclusions. A great variety of antibiotic resistance was revealed among the staphylococci. The prevalence of these strains in the pediatric hospitals requires constant local monitoring of the antibiotic resistant staphylococci.
Rates of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents in St. Petersburg: assessment of the risks of developing metabolic syndrome
Authors: Ivanov D. O. , Uspensky Y. P. , Baryshnikova N. V. , Zakharov D. V. , Sousova Y. V. 
Published: December 2021

Background. It is known that the earlier a persons body weight exceeds the normal range, the metabolic disorders associated with obesity will form at an earlier age. The progressive increase in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in different countries is primarily associated with the so-called human risk factors, which include: physical inactivity, excessive consumption of food rich in fats and carbohydrates, stress, smoking. In this regard, it is extremely important to regularly monitor the body weight of children and adolescents in order to early identify a tendency to increase body weight for the making recommendations for maintaining weight within the normal range.
Aim. To evaluate the frequency of obesity and overweight in children, adolescents and adults from among the residents of St. Petersburg, to conduct a comparative assessment of the data obtained.
Materials and methods. The work was attended by students of St. Petersburg schools (children and adolescents) and patients (adults) who are being treated in St. Petersburg State Medical Institution Elizavetinskaya Hospital. The sample was random: when collecting data from children and adolescents, data from one of the classes in each parallel from 4th to 11th grade were taken into account, when collecting data from adults 2 people from each ward of the gastroenterology department of the St. Petersburg State Medical Institution Elizavetinskaya Hospital. Data collection was carried out in the period: AugustDecember 2020. Statistical processing was performed out using the computer software package SPSS 8.0. Estimation of anthropometric parameters (age, body weight, height) and calculation of body mass index (BMI) were performed in 74 children (age 912 years), 137 adolescents (age 1318 years) and 55 adults (mean age 49.12 17.03).
Results. An increase in body weight was detected in 6.8% of children (5.4% overweight and 1.4% obese of the 1st degree), 14.6 % of adolescents (11.7% overweight and 2.9% obese of the 1st degree) and 62% of adults (36% overweight, 13% obese of the 1st degree, 7% obese of the 2nd degree, 6% obese of the 3rd degree). During the correlation analysis, it was observed that the proportion of overweight people in the observed age categories increased with age (p 0.05).
Conclusions. Overweight and obesity begin to be detected already in children, in a fairly large percentage of cases already occur in adolescents and are observed in more than half of the adults surveyed in St. Petersburg. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out activities among parents of preschoolers and schoolchildren, as well as, if possible, the children themselves, to form motivation to maintain a healthy lifestyle in order to prevent the early development of overweight.
Optimization of Self Monitoring Blood Glucose in Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Detecting Hypoglicemia Episodes: Literature Review
Authors: Sari Ninik Ambar , Nurhayati Ceria 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that continues to increase from year to year. The act of detecting hypoglycemic episodes is a must for a diabetic patient. This study aims to present the optimization of blood glucose self-monitoring measures in patients with diabetes mellitus and to review some of the literature on this topic.Methods: This study is a form of literature review of articles with the theme Optimization Self Monitoring Blood Glucose in diabetes mellitus patient detecting hypoglicemia episodes. Articles in this study came from the electronic databases of Google Scholar, PubMed, Proquest, Scopus and Science Direct from 2005 to 2020. Results: Search results using the keywords Self Management Blood Glucose, Hypoglicemia, Diabetes Mellitus were obtained from 57 articles. 18 articles that met the inclusion criteria were then reviewed for their full text. Conclusion: Self Monitoring Blood Glucose is a preventive measure in detecting hypoglycemic episodes. This intervention is the best choice for patients to prevent further complications.
Pemberian Kopi Arabika Gayo Pasca Stress Fisik Akut Submaksimal Tidak Mempercepat Penurunan Kadar laktat dan Peningkatan Glukosa Darah Pada Orang Tidak Terlatih
Authors: Zulfahmi Hadyan 
Published: December 2021

Jaringan otot memiliki fungsi penting untuk berkontraksi. Ketersediaan energi sangat terbatas dan akan habis untuk kontraksi otot yang membutuhkan tenaga besar dalam waktu yang singkat. Energi didapatkan dari proses fosforilasi non-oksidatif (Anaerob) yang menghasilkan asam laktat. Kafein pada kopi arabika gayo akan meningkatkan oksidasi asam lemak dan menurunkan oksidasi karbohidat. Hal tersebut berdampak pada penurunan laktat darah. Konsumsi kopi menurunan laktat darah sehingga mempercepat recovery kelelahan setelah latihan fisik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kopi arabika gayo pasca stress fisik akut submaksimal terhadap kadar laktat dan glukosa darah terhadap proses recovery otot setelah latihan fisik pada orang tidak terlatih. Penelitian ini adalah eksperimetal dengan metode post-test only control group design. Sampel penelitian adalah laki laki dengan usia 21-27 tahun dan diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling. Pengambilan data dilaksanakan di Laboraturium Olahraga Universitas Surabaya pada Desember 2018. Hasil penelitian ini dianalisis dengan SPSS 17. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi penurunan laktat dan peningkatan glukosa darah pada kelompok kontrol (1,609 ± 1,2597 mmol/l; 15,182 ± 15,2041 mg/dl, kopi 1 (2,527 ± 1,2744 mmol/;15,727 ± 9,8396 mg/dl), kopi 2 (1,873 ± 1,3350 mmol/l; 12,727 ± 8,5684 mg/dl). Pemberian kopi arabika gayo pasca stress fisik akut submaksimal setelah lathan fisik dan pada orang tidak terlatih tidak memiliki pengaruh menurunkan kadar laktat darah dan meningkatkan kadar glukosa darah
Efficient Exploration of Silicon Derived Benefits to Combat Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Fruit Crops
Authors: Rachappanavar Vinaykumar , Padiyal Arushi , Sharma Jitender Kumar , Gupta Satish Kumar , Negi Narender 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Silicon (Si) is the most abundant element after oxygen on the earth crust surface. It plays essential role in crop production by stimulating the growth and development. Very substantial efforts have been performed to better explore Si derived benefits for horticulture crops. In the present review, molecular and physiological mechanisms explaining the observed beneficial effects plant derive from the Si supplementations, more particularly in horticultural species have been discussed. In general, horticulture crops need extensive management and higher crop protection measures compared to agronomical crops. Therefore, integrated approaches including Si supplementations will help to improve plant resilience under biotic and abiotic stresses. Application of Si to plants promotes cell walls strength and provides additional support through increased mechanical and biochemical support. Horticultural crop production is frequently subjected to the naturally occurring different biotic and abiotic stresses that can substantially reduce the absorption and translation of essential elements and ultimately decrease the crop yield. Fruit and vegetable production in Drought, salinity, high and low temperature, toxic metals and pest infection prone areas is the key to meet the world minimum nutrients demand. Here, molecular mechanism involved in the Si uptake by root and subsequent transport to areal tissues is also illustrated. However, Si uptake mechanism at molecular level poorly studied in horticulture crops. Here we described the role of Si and its transporters in mitigating abiotic stress condition in horticultural plants.
CRISPR/Cas12a-Based Assay for the Rapid and High-Sensitivity Detection of Streptococcus Agalactiae Colonization in Pregnant Women with Premature Rupture of Membrane
Authors: Yu Donghong , Liang Bin , Xu Haipo , Ye Zhoujie , Wu Zhihui , Wang Xinrui 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Streptococcus agalactiae or group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading infectious cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study aims to establish a novel method, termed as the CRISPR-GBS assay, for the rapid and sensitive detection of GBS that is based on the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system.
Results
The CRISPR-GBS assay detected GBS in the samples within 35 min. The limit of detection was as low as 5 copies/µL and showed no cross-reactivity with other microorganisms. The clinical performance was assessed using vaginal or cervical swab samples that were collected from 179 pregnant women with premature rupture of membrane. Compared with the culture-based matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry method, the CRISPR-GBS assay demonstrated a sensitivity of 96.64% (144/149, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 92.39–98.56%) and a specificity of 100% (30/30, 95% CI = 88.65–100%). It also had a high concordance rate of 98.88% with the real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction assay.
Conclusions
The CRISPR-GBS assay can be used for rapid and high-sensitivity detection of GBS in a simple and cost-efficient manner; thus, it offers a novel method for intrapartum screening.
Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (pXRF) Analysis of Heavy Metal Contamination in Graveyards with Contrasting Soil Types
Authors: Madden Charles , Pringle Jamie K. , Jeffery Adam J. , Wisniewski Kristopher D. , Heaton Vivienne , Oliver Ian W , Glanville Helen , Stimpson Ian G , Dick Henry , Eeley Madeleine , Goodwin Jonathan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Human remains have been interred in burial grounds since historic times. Although the re-use of graveyards differs from one country, region or time-period to another, over time graveyard soil may become contaminated or enriched with heavy metal elements. This paper aims to present heavy metal element soil analysis from two UK church graveyard study sites with contrasting necrosols, but similar burial densities and known burial ages dating back to the 16th Century and some possibly older than 1,000 years. Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (pXRF) element analyses were undertaken, both in-situ on surface locations and laboratory-based on surface and near-surface soil pellets. Results show elevated levels of Pb, Mn, Cr, Cu, Zn and Ca in both necrosols when compared to background values. Element concentration anomalies remained consistently higher than background samples down to 2 m bgl, where sampled, but reduced away from church buildings which may reflect burial densities. Element concentration anomalies were higher in the clay-rich necrosol than in sandy necrosol. Field-based rapid measurements gave similar relative concentration values to laboratory-based soil pellet measurements, although laboratory-based analyses were more precise. Study results implications suggest that long-used necrosols are likely to be more contaminated with heavy-metal elements than similar soil outside graveyards with implications for burial grounds management, adjacent populations and where burial grounds have been deconsecrated and turned to residential dwellings.
Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing of Novel Pseudomonas sp. NLX-4 Strain Involved in Bio-Restoration of Over Exploited Mining Sites
Authors: Wu Yanwen , Kameshwar Ayyappa Kumar Sista , Zhang Bo , Chen Fei Fei , Qin Wensheng , Meng Miaojing , Zhang Jinchi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Microbial weathering processes can significantly promote soil properties and enhance rock to soil ratio. Some soil-inhabiting bacteria exhibit efficient rock-dissolution abilities by releasing organic acids and other chemical elements from the silicate rocks. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved during bacterial rock-dissolution is still limited. In this study, we performed silicate rock-dissolution experiments on a novel Pseudomonas sp. NLX-4 strain isolated from an over-exploited mining site. The results revealed that Pseudomonas sp. NLX-4 strain efficiently accelerates the dissolution of silicate rocks by secreting amino acids, exopolysaccharides, and organic acids. Through employing genome and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq), we identified the major regulatory genes. Specifically, fifteen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) encoding for siderophore transport, EPS and amino acids synthesis, organic acids metabolism, and bacterial resistance to adverse environmental conditions were highly up-regulated in silicate rock cultures of NLX-4 strain. Our study proposes a novel bacterial based approach for improving the ecological restoration of over-exploited rock mining-sites.
Dyspnea And Outcome Expectations Are Associated With Physical Activity In Persons With Pneumoconiosis: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: kawaji Tomohiro , Hasegawa Takashi , Uchiyama Yasushi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: There are various reports on factors associated with physical activity in patients with chronic respiratory diseases. However, there are no studies on the relationship between physical activity and psychological or environmental factors. In this study, we investigated the relationship between physical activity and psychological and environmental factors using questionnaires for patients with pneumoconiosis.Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study of patients with pneumoconiosis who underwent pneumoconiosis health examination in 2019. A self-administered questionnaire was used to conduct the study. Physical activity was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and subjective symptoms (dyspnea and quality of life [QOL]), environmental factors (environment around home and life space), psychological factors (depression, stage of change, self-efficacy, decisional balance, and outcome expectations), and others (e.g., experience with pulmonary rehabilitation) were investigated.Results: The number of respondents in the study was 185 (men: 171, women: 14). Age, dyspnea, stage of change, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, QOL, depression, decisional balance, and life space were significantly correlated with physical activity. In the multivariate analysis, outcome expectations and dyspnea were extracted as independent factors. In the path analysis, outcome expectations and dyspnea had a direct influence on physical activity. Dyspnea directly impacted not only physical activity but also outcome expectations, stage of change, QOL, life space, and depression.Conclusions: Dyspnea and outcome expectations were associated with physical activity in patients with pneumoconiosis. To improve the physical activity of patients with pneumoconiosis, it is necessary not only to improve dyspnea but also to promote an understanding of physical activity.
Regional Heterogeneity of Malaria Prevalence And Associated Risk Factors Among Children Under Five In Togo: Evidence From National Malaria Indicators Survey
Authors: Kombate Gountante , Gmakouba Wakpaouyare , Scott Susana , Azianu Komi Ameko , Ekouevi Didier Koumavi , Sande Marianne A.B. van der 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Malaria remains one of the main causes of morbidity and death among children less than 5. In Togo, despite intensification of malaria control interventions, persistence in malaria prevalence was observed and appears to vary from one region to another within the country. The aim of this study is to explore further regional heterogeneities in malaria prevalence and to determine associated risk factors.Methods: Data from the cross-sectional survey of the nationally representative 2017 Togo malaria indicator survey was used. Children aged 6–59 months in the selected households were tested for malaria using the rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and the microscopy. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were preformed using Generalized Linear Models.Results: A total of 3271 children under five (2441 in rural areas and 830 in urban areas was enrolled. Overall 26% of children tested positive for malaria, as confirmed by microscopy, ranging from 5.3% in the Lomé Commune region to 43.6% in the Plateaux region. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with malaria prevalence were living in the Plateaux region (aOR=4.24, 95%CI [2.38-7.65]), and the Maritime region (aOR=2.02, 95%CI [1.13-3.66], compared to Lomé Commune region); age 24 to 35 months (aOR=1.46, 95%CI [1.13-1.88) and age 36 to 59 months (aOR=2.5, 95%CI [2.04-3.09]) ], Compared to those age 6-23 months; households within the richest wealth quintile (a.OR=0.22, 95%CI [0.11-0.41], compared to poorest) and residence in rural areas (aOR=2.02, 95%CI [1.32-3.13], compared to resident in urban). Conclusion: Interventions that targeted use of combined prevention measures, adapted to older children living in rural areas and particularly in the regions of high malaria prevalence, could result in better malaria control in Togo.
Modeling and Characterization of Stochastic Resistive Switching in Single Ag2S Nanowires
Authors: Frick Nikolay , Hosseini Mahshid , Guilbaud Damien , Gao Ming , LaBean Thomas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Chalcogenide resistive switches (RS), such as Ag2S, change resistance due to the growth of metallic filaments between electrodes along the electric field gradient. Therefore, they are candidates for neuromorphic and volatile memory applications. This work analyzed the RS of individual Ag2S nanowires (NWs) and extended the basic RS model to reproduce experimental observations. The work models resistivity of the device as a percolation of the conductive filaments. It also addressed continuous fluctuations of the resistivity with a stochastic change in volume fractions of the filaments in the device. As a result, these fluctuations cause unpredictable patterns in current-voltage characteristics and include a spontaneous change in resistance of the device during the linear sweep that conventional memristor models with constant resistivity cannot represent. The parameters of the presented stochastic model of a single Ag2S NW fit the experimental data reproduced key features of RS in the physical devices. Moreover, the model suggested a non-core shell structure of the Ag2S NWs. The outcome of this work is aimed to aid in simulating large self-assembled memristive networks and help to extend existing RS models.
Assessment of the Coastal Sensitivity Using the CS Index in the Gulf of Gabes Tunisia; Southern Mediterranean Coast
Authors: Gzam Maher , Mansouri Basma , Gargouri Dorra , Kharroubi Adel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Assessment of the coastal degradation using the coastal sensitivity index (CSI) in the microtidal environment (Gulf of Gabes, Tunisia) shows that 78.6% of the coast is under low to moderate sensitivity. Moderate sensitivity class includes the sheltered zones and the stable sea cliffs. The highest sensitivity was recorded in sandy beaches (12.7%) where the drift actions amplify littoral fragility and flood risk.The coastal sensitivity index (CSI) is resulted from the combination of eight ranked variables: (a) geomorphology (b) coastal slope (c) hinterland topography (d) facies (e) shoreline exposure (f) shoreline changes (g) tide (h) sea-level trend. Fifty six morphodynamic cells are deduced from a strictmorphologic classification of the studied coast. Each specified cell presents a numerical pattern according to the ranked physical and structural variables. Once managed, the beaches with the highest sensitivity are immediately disturbed. Littoral disturbance is irreversible when the foredune unit is damaged but sustainable remediation of coastal areas must emphasize with the adequate planning for the environmental rehabilitation.
The Accountability of Health Facility Governing Committees and its Associated Factors in Selected Primary Health Facilities Implementing Direct Health Facility Financing in Tanzania
Authors: Kesale Anosisye , Mahonge Christopher , Muhanga Mikidadi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Users Committees such as Health Facility Governing Committees (HFGCs) are one of the popular mechanisms used to represent communities and civil societies in holding service providers into account. This study embarked on assessing the status of accountability of HFGCs under the DHFF context in Tanzania as experienced by the supply side (HFGCs members). A cross-sectional design was employed in collecting both qualitative and quantitative data at one point in time in 32 selected health facilities. A closed-ended questionnaire, in-depth interview and FGDs were employed to collect data. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and Multiple logistics regression, and thematic analyses. The study found high accountability of HFGCs by 78%. specifically, HFGCs have high accountability in mobilizing the community to join community health funds 99.71%, receiving medicines and medical commodities 88.57% and timely health services 84.29%. It was reviled that the accountability of the health facility governance committee was significantly associated with the health planning aspect (p=0.0048) and financial management aspect (p=0.0045). This study concluded that the fiscal decentralization context empowers HFGCs to be accountable in accomplishing their responsibilities hence improving health service delivery in developing countries. This study recommends more efforts to be directed in supporting HFGCs addressing challenges of managing health facilities works and mobilization of resources from other stakeholders.