bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between head and neck injuries and helmet use in fatal motorcycle and moped crashes in Denmark
Authors: Uhrenholt Lars , Thomsen Catrine Kudahl , Hansen Kasper , Boel Lene Warner Thorup , Freeman Michael D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Motorcycle- and moped crashes are prevalent in motorised societies and carry a significant risk of serious injury. Whereas helmet use has reduced the frequency and severity of head injuries, the association between helmet use and neck injury risk is less clear. In the present retrospective study, we examined the relationship between helmet use and various types of head and neck injuries resulting from fatal motorcycle and moped crashes during a 20-year period. Eighty-three cases were included of whom 56 were analysed in detail based on their confirmed use/non-use of helmet. Intracranial haemorrhage was the most common finding, followed by CNS disruption and skull fracture. There was a significantly lower prevalence of skull vault fractures and epidural haemorrhage in the helmeted cases. Injuries to the brainstem and cervical spine fracture/dislocation were more common in the helmeted cases, although this was likely a function of higher speeds among motorcycle riders rather than an effect of helmet use per se. Further investigation of these findings require additional detailed information regarding the nature and severity of the crash, as well as helmet use and type, in order to assess non-confounded associations with the anatomical distribution, type and severity of observed head and neck injuries.
Virtual Reality Recording of Archaeological Artifacts: The Diniacopoulos Collection
Authors: Jones Kristen 
Published: May 2021

The field of virtual reality is quickly growing across many disciplines, if none more important than the field of archaeology and cultural heritage. Numerous artifacts are uncovered each year by archaeological excavations around the world, and only a select few are displayed and recorded in museums while the rest remain hidden away in storage facilities. The use of virtual reality photography provides a potential solution to this problem. This projects aims to optimize a computational workflow for digitally documenting these artifacts through an in depth analysis of the Diniacopoulos Collection of Greek and Egyptian artifacts in collaboration with the Art Conservation department at Queen’s University. The Diniacopoulos Collection of artifacts has been held by Queen’s since their donation in 2001 by the estate of Olga Diniacopoulos. This project combines studio Photogrammetry with a method known as Focus Stacking to optimize the quality of each image. First, images of each object will be used to generate scaled photogrammetric models in Agisoft Photoscan. The same images used to create the 3D models can also be used to create lower-resolution virtual reality movies that are easily shared on websites using the GardenGnome ObjectVR software. Utilizing another growing industry, 3D printing, takes this method one step further. 3D printing archaeological finds provides people with a tactile experience with the artifacts that would otherwise be kept safe inside museum cases or warehouses where the public has no access. These methods have applications is not only archaeology, but in a number of collaborative fields.
Child Health 2.0 Youth Advisory Group
Authors: Vandermeer Nel , Davison Lindsay , Piccininni Caroline , Davison Colleen , Michaelson Valerie 
Published: May 2021

Group Members: Adam, Cameron, Isobel and Lily
Faculty Supporting Leaders: Drs. Colleen Davison and Valerie Michaelson
Students: Nel Vandermeer, Lindsay Davison & Caroline Piccininni.
Moderator: Vicki Remenda, Associate Dean (Acting) (Teaching and Learning)
The Effect of Conceptual Representations on Attentional Bias
Authors: Lam Nietzsche 
Published: May 2021

Many cultures have long been instilled with positive and negative concepts, which are associated with spatial metaphors, for instance,“I am feeling down” implies that I feel upset. Recent research (Chasteen, Burdzy & Pratt, 2009; Meier & Robinson, 2005) has suggested that some concepts are strongly ingrained such that they influence how we attend to the environment. In particular, certain positive concepts such as ‘almighty’ and ‘happiness’ bias attention upward and to the right, respectively and negative words‘lucifer’ and ‘mournful’ to the downward and to the left, respectively. Using a larger variety of positive and negative concepts than in previous studies, the current study seeks to determine whether concepts derived from pictures as well as words will produce a shift in attention. We present participants with words or pictures depicting either positive (e.g., smiling baby) or negative concepts (e.g., drug addict). We expect that a target displayed at the top or right‐side of the screen will be detected more quickly for positive concepts and targets displayed at the bottom or left‐side of the screen will be faster for negative. However, whether the response times to targets in the valid conditions will be quicker for words than pictures is unknown. Words could be faster than pictures because previous research has demonstrated that pictures can access concepts in our minds directly, whereas words access indirectly. On the other hand, another theory suggests that both words and pictures access concepts directly; therefore, there may be no difference between pictures and words.
VALIDASI BATAS ATAS BATAS BAWAH ESTIMASI DURASI GEDUNG KONSTRUKSI BERTINGKAT BERBASIS EARNED SCHEDULE
Authors: Widjaja Catherine Michellie , Anondho Basuki 
Published: May 2021

Determination of estimated project completion is an activity that influenced the planning project since it can decide the success or failure of the project. However, duration is often not in accordance with prediction caused by uncertainty of the project. Calculation by probabilistic method is rated better than deterministic since probabilistic includes the uncertainty factor in its calculation. In addition, probabilistic method provides results in the form of intervals in upper to lower limit. In predicting project's final duration, the time-based Earned Schedule (ES) method is rated capable of overcoming the lack of cost-based Earned Value (EV). This research aims to determine the ongoing project’s upper and lower limit prediction duration using ES method through validation towards the completed project’s real duration. The average prediction of ongoing project duration will be calculated using ES by Microsoft Excel. The results will be validated towards the average real project duration using hypothesis tests of two independent population means. Result of average of upper limits indicates a valid value while the average of lower limits indicates a non-valid value with the upper limit value is 0.0025 week/m2 and lower limit is 0.0020 week/m2.Keywords: duration estimation; probabilistic; Earned Schedule; validation; upper limit and lower limit. AbstrakPenentuan estimasi penyelesaian proyek merupakan kegiatan yang berpengaruh dalam proses perencanaan karena dapat menentukan keberhasilan atau kegagalan proyek tersebut. Namun, durasi seringkali tidak sesuai dengan prediksi karena sifat ketidakpastian proyek. Perhitungan dengan metode probabilistik dinilai lebih baik daripada deterministik karena metode ini menyertakan unsur ketidakpastian dalam perhitungannya. Disamping itu, perhitungan probabilistik menyajikan hasil dalam bentuk interval yang dinyatakan dalam batas atas dan batas bawah. Dalam memprediksi durasi akhir proyek, metode Earned Schedule (ES) yang berbasis waktu dinilai mampu mengatasi kekurangan Earned Value (EV) yang berbasis biaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan nilai prediksi batas atas dan batas bawah proyek yang sedang berjalan dengan metode ES melalui validasi terhadap durasi nyata proyek yang sudah selesai. Rata-rata prediksi durasi proyek konstruksi yang sedang berjalan dihitung menggunakan metode ES dengan bantuan Microsoft Excel. Hasilnya kemudian divalidasi terhadap rata-rata durasi nyata proyek yang sudah selesai menggunakan uji hipotesis rata-rata sampel ganda. Hasil nilai batas atas proyek yang sedang berjalan dinyatakan valid dan nilai batas bawah dinyatakan tidak valid dengan nilai batas atas sebesar 0,0025 minggu/m2 dan batas bawah 0,0020 minggu/m2.
Hemoglobinopathy in pediatric population: A cross sectional study at tertiary care center in Assam
Authors: Mondal Uttam Kumar , Dowerah Pritikar , Mukherjee Ranajit 
Published: May 2021

Objectives:
The objectives of the study were to find out the prevalence, epidemiology, and clinicohematological profile of hemoglobinopathies.

Material and Methods:
During the period of September 2010–August 2011, an observational study was done in the Department of Pediatrics, Assam Medical College and Hospital, Dibrugarh. Children (<12 years) suffering from chronic anemia were the study population.

Results:
Hemoglobinopathies were noted in 72 (35.0%) out of 206 chronic anemia cases, of which sickle cell disease (SCD) was found in 23 cases (11.2%), beta-thalassemia major (BTM) in 21 cases (10.2%), hemoglobin E (HbE)-β thalassemia in 12 cases (5.8%), HbE disease was seen in 10 cases (4.8%), and HbE trait and sickle cell trait (SCT) in 3 cases each. Overall hemoglobinopathy was most commonly seen among teagarden community in Assam. Clinical presentation ranged from completely asymptomatic to congestive heart failure. In majority cases, decreased mean Hb (%) and mean corpuscular volume were found. Anisopoikilocytosis, reticulocytosis, and target cells were frequently noted in peripheral blood smear.

Conclusion:
Chronic anemia cases should be screened for hemoglobinopathies as these genetic disorders are commonly seen in Assam. SCD and BTM are the major types of hemoglobinopathies. Heterozygous hemoglobinopathies (HbE trait and SCT) had lesser clinical manifestations. As the definitive treatment of hemoglobinopathies is still difficult to avail in this region, genetic counseling should be considered for hemoglobinopathy patients and their families as well, to prevent new cases.
Post-donation telephonic interview: A tool for active follow-up of voluntary whole blood donors for analysis of frequency and predisposing factors of adverse reactions
Authors: Navkudkar Anisha , Desai Priti , Rajadhakshaya Sunil 
Published: May 2021

Objectives:Blood donation experience by most donors is satisfactory; however, a few may encounter adverse reactions. Healthy, altruistic, voluntary blood donors ensure adequate blood supply despite the potential risk of adverse reactions. Post-donation follow-up is crucial to get information about these adverse reactions. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and type of adverse donor reactions and their correlation with contributory factors if any among the blood donors in a tertiary care oncology center.Material and Methods:It was a prospective observational study of 1000 consecutive voluntary whole blood donors who consented to participate in the study. Donors were followed up telephonically on two instances (first after 24 h of donation and second after 2 weeks of donation) and were asked a self-structured donor questionnaire to collect information regarding the adverse donor reactions if any. An appropriate statistical tool was used for analysis (IBM, SPSS software).Results:Of the 1000 voluntary whole blood donors, 92.6% (926/1000) responded to telephonic calls on both occasions. Of these 926, 8.5% (79/926) donors experienced adverse reactions. All these donors experienced immediate reactions, that is, within 24 h of donation while none reported fresh adverse reactions beyond 24 h–2 weeks. Of the 79 donors, 60% (49/79) experienced vasovagal reactions (VVR) and 40% (32/79) experienced hematoma including two donors who experienced both. A total of 86% (68/79) of reactions occurred in outdoor blood donation camps while 14% (11/79) occurred in-house (indoor). First time donors, female donors, and donors with weight on the lower side were more prone to immediate VVR (P< 0.05). Of the 49 VVR, 76% (37/49) were mild, 18% (9/49) were moderate, and 6% (3/49) were severe. Most of the hematomas, that is, 90% (29/32) occurred at outdoor blood donation camps while 10% (3/32) occurred indoor. Most hematomas (53%) took more than 7 days to recover.Conclusion:Post-donation interview proves to be an efficient tool to acquire information about adverse donor reactions. This will help in improving donor safety and satisfaction and will have a positive impact on the national blood supply by improving the donor return rate. Blood transfusion services (BTSs) staff must be trained to promptly identify the donor reactions onsite and manage them to enhance the donation experience of voluntary donors. Post-donation follow-up will aid in getting the donation experience and BTS can develop strategies to enhance it. This will also help in donor hemovigilance in the future for the betterment of donor safety.
Are Indian obese children and adolescents at increased risk for Vitamin D deficiency?
Authors: Dabas Aashima , Aravind T. , Yadav Sangeeta , Mantan Mukta , Kaushik Smita 
Published: May 2021

Objectives:
Obesity has been mentioned as a high risk factor for Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) requiring supplementation in Indian children.

Material and Methods:
Forty obese and age-matched non-obese subjects (age 5–18 years) were assessed for lifestyle parameters, metabolic profile, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD). VDD was defined as serum 25OHD < 12 ng/mL.

Results:
Mean 25OHD was comparable among obese and controls (15.0 ± 9.95 and 15.1 ± 4.79 ng/mL; P = 0.97) with VDD seen in 82% of cases and 85% of controls. Pubertal cases had lower 25OHD values than prepubertal obese cases (10.78 ± 4.69 and 17.2 ± 11 ng/mL; P = 0.06). Mean duration of physical activity (<2 h/week) and screen time (>2 h/day) was similar across prepubertal and pubertal groups and between obese and controls. Obesity was not associated with risk for VDD among cases and controls (odds ratio 0.83, 95% C.I. 0.25–2.7, P = 0.76).

Conclusion:
Obese pubertal subjects were more at risk for VDD than prepubertal subjects. Routine Vitamin D supplementation to obese Indian children may be considered during adolescence.
Hydroxychloroquine as prophylaxis when treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 – Perception of frontline health care workers in South India
Authors: Mani Karthik , Velan Minu 
Published: May 2021

Objectives:
In March 2020, the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) recommended the use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for prophylaxis in asymptomatic health care workers who care for suspected or confirmed patients and household contacts of confirmed patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This recommendation was received by health-care practitioners with mixed opinions. The objectives of the study were to explore the views of frontline health-care practitioners (physicians, nurses, and physician assistants) in South India related to the ICMR recommendation of HCQ prophylaxis.

Material and Methods:
The survey research design was used to conduct this study. A ten-item electronic survey was developed based on the research question. The survey link was shared with frontline health-care practitioners in South India through email and WhatsApp messages identified through convenience sampling. Furthermore, the recipients were requested to forward the link to other frontline health-care professionals in their network (snowball sampling). Data were collected from April 16, 2020, to May 7, 2020.

Results:
The number of responses received was 132. Of 80 respondents who treated or anticipate treating patients with COVID-19, only 29 respondents reported that they complied with the ICMR’s HCQ chemoprophylaxis recommendation. Participants expressed concerns about the side effects and lack of conclusive evidence.

Conclusion:
Frontline health care workers in South India have mixed opinions with regard to the safety of HCQ prophylaxis. To promote the acceptance of and successful implementation of prophylaxis recommendations, it is essential that health authorities consider research evidence and seek stakeholder input before finalizing recommendations.
Perceived stress among doctors working in a dedicated COVID-19 hospital in North India
Authors: Garg Rohit , Singla Aditi , Garg Jasmin 
Published: May 2021

Objectives:
The present study was aimed to assess the level of perceived stress among doctors working in COVID-19 ward in a tertiary care medical college and hospital of North India and to find the association of stress with time spent in ward, age, and designation of the doctors.

Material and Methods:
It was a cross-sectional, Google-based survey conducted in October and November 2020. The form was circulated and recorded the sociodemographic data, time spent in the COVID-19 ward, etc. The perceived stress scale (PSS) was used to assess the level of stress. Appropriate statistical analysis was used and all ethical considerations were followed.

Results:
Mean PSS score of the sample was 22.22 ± 7.13. Twenty-five (10%) doctors reported low stress (mean PSS score 0–13). Moderate (mean PSS score 14-26) and high stress (mean PSS score >26) were found among 156 (62.4%) and 69 (27.6%) doctors, respectively. Perceived stress showed significant negative correlation with age and significant positive correlation with hours spent in COVID ward in a week. Senior residents and junior residents had significantly higher perceived stress than faculty (P - 0.001**). Nearly 50% of doctors (fairly often or very often) felt nervous and stressed, angered because they felt out of control, unable to control important things in their lives, and have been upset because of something that happened unexpectedly. About 40% felt (fairly often or very often) that they could not cope with all the things they had to do. Nearly one-third of doctors felt (fairly or very often) that difficulties were piling up so high that they could not overcome them.

Conclusion:
Doctors working in COVID-19 wards perceive considerable stress. Stress management should be an integral part of the curriculum of doctors so that they can serve the humanity efficiently and effectively during the pandemic and in future.
Tale of Two “Rumah”
Authors: Chiang Bien 
Published: May 2021

In this paper, I will juxtapose the socio-economic histories of two Austronesian communities in order to highlight the working of a key cultural concept, “house” or rumah, in both communities in the face of encroaching contemporary state and market forces. The communities under consideration are an Iban longhouse community of Sarawak and a Paiwan community of Southern Taiwan. Both group honored a kind of precedence in terms of land occupancy and the utilization of natural resources. Both group follow a rather fundamental cognatic principle in kinship recognition, household division and property transmission. While a comprehensive comparison of the two on so complex a subject is apparently way beyond the scope of a conference paper, I choose here to focus on the interplay of state policy (both colonial and independent) and market force on land tenure and land utilization among the two communities, and hope to demonstrate the upholding of the notion umah as a value in these peoples modernization strategies. Even though the contents, scopes and representations of the notion of “House” are different in these two societies, its centralities in their respective social and cultural systems are fascinatingly comparable. I do not intent to say that these two local communities of the Austronesian experience no difficulties whatsoever in their ever-increasing involvement in the national, regional and global systems. From what we observe, however, we do see that they are not just surviving the encroaching external impacts, they continue to exist as two “rumah”.
ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ МОРФОМЕТРИЧЕСКИХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ СЕЛЕЗЕНКИ И АНТРОПОМЕТРИЧЕСКИХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ЛИЦ ЖЕНСКОГО ПОЛА ПЕРВОГО ПЕРИОДА ЗРЕЛОГО ВОЗРАСТА В ДОНЕЦКОМ РЕГИОНЕ
Authors: Васильев В. А. , Басий Р. В. , Кулиш А. И. , Бешуля О. А. 
Published: May 2021

Вступление. Селезенка является индикатором большого числа патологических состояний. Наиболее информативным для оценки размеров селезенки и ее структуры является метод ультразвукового исследования. Корректную оценку морфометрических параметров селезенки, полученных при ультразвуковом исследовании, необходимо осуществлять с учетом половозрастных, антропометрических и соматотипологических особенностей исследуемого. Цель работы. Определить морфометрический эталон нормы селезенки, установить взаимосвязь количественных параметров органа и антропометрических показателей практически здоровых лиц женского пола первого периода зрелого возраста в Донецком регионе.Материал и методы. Объект исследования: 60 условно здоровых женщин в возрасте от 21 до 35 лет. На первом этапе работы проводилось ультразвуковое исследование селезенки. Определялись следующие морфометрические параметры: длина, ширина и толщина селезенки, а также рассчитывался объем селезенки. Далее проводилась антропометрия обследуемых с целью последующего определения соматотипа по методике Б.Х. Хит, Д.Л. Картера. Полученные результаты обрабатывались в пакете прикладных программ Statistica 10. Результаты и обсуждение. Результаты соматотипирования обследуемых позволяют утверждать, что среди лиц женского пола первого периода зрелого возраста Донецкого региона преобладают эндо-мезоморфный и мезо-эндоморфный соматотипы. Среднее значение показателя роста всех обследуемых – 165,5±0,7 см, массы тела – 59,7±1,0 кг; среднее значение длины селезенки, полученное при ультразвуковом исследовании, составило 10,9±0,1 см, ширины – 5,8±0,1 см. Медиана показателя толщины органа оказалась равна 4,7±0,1 см, объема селезенки – 154,8±5,4 см3.На следующем этапе работы было определено наличие линейной корреляционной связи между величинами изучаемых показателей как независимо от соматотипа, так и у лиц наиболее часто встречающегося – эндо-мезоморфного соматотипа. У всех исследуемых была установлена средняя по силе положительная линейная корреляционная связь между длиной и шириной селезенки. У лиц эндо-мезоморфного типа телосложения были установлены средние положительные линейные корреляционные связи между ростом и длиной селезенки, весом и длиной органа, а также между длиной селезенки и ее шириной.Выводы. Получены средние значения морфометрических параметров селезенки, которые могут быть использованы в качестве ультразвукового эталона нормы. Установлена взаимосвязь между количественными параметрами селезенки и антропометрическими показателями у лиц женского пола первого периода зрелого возраста в Донецком регионе.
Fashion, Feminisme dan Hubungan Internasional : Perdebatan dalam Literatur
Authors: Soetjipto Ani , Chandra Ayu 
Published: May 2021

Artikel ini akan membahas bagaimana fashion dikaji melalui kaca mata feminis dalam studi Hubungan Internasional. Artikel ini hadir dengan melihat fashion sebagai salah satu produk dari pop culture, telah berperan signifikan dalam mendorong upaya pencapaian kepentingan suatu aktor politik—terutama sebagai alat konstruksi identitas. Kajian ini juga mendorong perkembangan kajian mengenai pop culture dalam studi Hubungan Internasional. Bahasan dibuka dengan menyajikan perdebatan literatur mengenai fashion dan feminisme. kemudian dilanjut dengan bagaimana narasi perdebatan tersebut dijabarkan dalam konteks Hubungan Internasional. Selanjutnya, melihat masalah fashion, feminisme dan Hubungan Internasional dalam konteks Indonesia dari segi produksi dan konsumsi. Artikel ini menawarkan perspektif baru dalam melihat fashion sebagai second-order representation dari politik internasional yang berdampak pada isu di ranah domestik.