bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired Antibody Response to the BNT162b2 Messenger RNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Ammitzbøll Christian , Bartels Lars Erik , Bøgh Andersen Jakob , Risbøl Vils Signe , Elbæk Mistegård Clara , Dahl Johannsen Anders , From Hermansen Marie‐Louise , Kragh Thomsen Marianne , Erikstrup Christian , Hauge Ellen‐Margrethe , Troldborg Anne 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveWith a vaccine effectiveness of 95% for preventing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), Pfizer‐BioNTech BNT162b2 (BNT162b2) was the first vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) to be approved. However, immunosuppressive therapy was an exclusion criterion in the phase 3 trial that led to approval. Thus, extrapolation of the trial results to patients with rheumatic diseases treated with immunosuppressive drugs warrants caution.MethodsPatients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE; n = 61) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA; n = 73) were included from the COPANARD (Corona Pandemic Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease) cohort, followed since the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Patients received the BNT162b2 vaccine between December 2020 and April 2021. All patients had total antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 measured before vaccination and 1 week after the second vaccination (VITROS Immunodiagnostic Products).ResultsOf 134 patients (median age, 70 years), 77% were able to mount a detectable serological response to the vaccine. Among patients treated with rituximab, only 24% had detectable anti–SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies in their serum after vaccination. The time since the last rituximab treatment did not seem to influence the vaccine response. No significant difference was observed between patients with RA or SLE when adjusting for treatment, and no correlation between antibody levels and age was detected (r = −0.12; P = 0.18).ConclusionAntibody measurements against SARS‐CoV‐2 in patients with RA and SLE after two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine demonstrated that 23% of patients could not mount a detectable serological response to the vaccine. B cell–depleting therapy (BCDT) is of specific concern, and our findings call for particular attention to the patients receiving BCDT.
Local Strong Solvation Electrolyte Trade‐Off between Capacity and Cycle Life of Li‐O2 Batteries
Authors: Lai Jingning , Liu Hanxiao , Xing Yi , Zhao Liyuan , Shang Yanxin , Huang Yongxin , Chen Nan , Li Li , Wu Feng , Chen Renjie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLi‐O2 batteries are promising energy storage devices with ultra‐high theoretical energy density. However, in practice they show severe capacity fading and limited cycle life, meaning that more suitable electrolytes are urgently needed. Here, solvents are combined with high donor number and low donor number, and a Li salt to produce a new local strong solvation effect electrolyte. High discharge capacity and good cycling performance are achieved when the optimized electrolyte is used in a Li‐O2 battery. The optimized electrolyte inhibits side reactions within the battery and facilitates stable solid electrolyte interphase film formation on the surfaces of Li anode. This work opens a new route for the design of high‐performance electrolytes to increase both capacity and cycle life of Li‐O2 batteries.
Camouflaged Hybrid Cancer Cell‐Platelet Fusion Membrane Nanovesicles Deliver Therapeutic MicroRNAs to Presensitize Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer to Doxorubicin
Authors: Liu Yi , Sukumar Uday K. , Kanada Masamitsu , Krishnan Anandi , Massoud Tarik F. , Paulmurugan Ramasamy 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCamouflaged cell‐membrane‐based nanoparticles have gained increasing attention owing to their improved biocompatibility and immunomodulatory properties. Using nanoparticles prepared from the membranes of specific cell types or fusions derived from different cells membranes, their functional performance could be improved in several aspects. Here, cell membranes extracted from breast cancer cells and platelets are used to fabricate a hybrid‐membrane vesicle (cancer cell‐platelet‐fusion‐membrane vesicle, CPMV) loaded with therapeutic microRNAs (miRNAs) for the treatment of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). A clinically scalable microfluidic platform is presented for fusion of cell membranes. The reconstitution process during synthesis allows for efficient loading of miRNAs into CPMVs. Conditions for preparation of miRNA‐loaded CPMVs are systematically optimized and their property of homing to source cells is demonstrated using in vitro experiments and therapeutic evaluation in vivo. In vitro, the CPMVs exhibit significant recognition of their source cells and avoided engulfment by macrophages. After systemic delivery in mice, CPMVs show a prolonged circulation time and site‐specific accumulation at implanted TNBC‐xenografts. The delivered antimiRNAs are sensitized TNBCs to doxorubicin, resulting in an improved therapeutic response and survival rate. This strategy has considerable potential for clinical translation to improve personalized therapy for breast cancer and other malignancies.
Mechanistic Investigation of Polymer‐Based All‐Solid‐State Lithium/Sulfur Battery
Authors: Liu Yang , Liu Haowen , Lin Yitao , Zhao Yuxing , Yuan Hua , Su Yipeng , Zhang Jifang , Ren Shuaiyang , Fan Haiyan , Zhang Yuegang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAlthough employing solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) in all‐solid‐state lithium/sulfur (ASSLS) batteries is a promising approach to obtain a power source with both high energy density and safety, the actual performance of SPE‐ASSLS batteries still lag behind conventional lithium/sulfur batteries with liquid ether electrolyte. In this work, combining characterization methods of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, in situ optical microscopy, and three‐electrode measurement, a direct comparison between these two battery systems is made to reveal the mechanism behind their performance differences. In addition to polysulfides, it is found that the initial elemental sulfur can also dissolve into and diffuse through the SPE to reach the anode. Different from the shuttle effect that causes uniform corrosion on the anode in a liquid electrolyte, dissolved sulfur species in SPE unevenly passivate the anode surface and lead to the inhomogeneous Li+ plating/stripping at the anode/SPE solid‐solid interface. Such inhomogeneity eventually causes void formation at the interface, which leads to the failure of SPE‐ASSLS batteries. Based on this understanding, a protection interlayer is designed to inhibit the shuttling of sulfur species, and the modified SPE‐ASSLS batteries show much‐improved performance in cycle life.
A Bioinspired Versatile Spore Coat Nanomaterial for Oral Probiotics Delivery
Authors: Song Qingling , Zhao Hongjuan , Zheng Cuixia , Wang Ke , Gao Hui , Feng Qianhua , Zhang Hongling , Zhang Zhenzhong , Zhang Yun , Wang Lei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA fundamental challenge in probiotic therapy is effective delivery and rapid colonization of probiotics; however, the physiological structure of probiotic spores provides an interesting idea to address this problem. Herein, the spore coat is innovatively prepared into a type of versatile spore coat nanomaterial (CN) which is subsequently anchored to the surface of probiotics to form CN‐coated probiotics. The CN retains the characteristics of high resistance and natural affinity of spore coats, which serve as the “armor” for the enhancement of the probiotics delivery. Moreover, CN is beneficial for the explosive proliferation and competitive colonization of probiotics. Notably, it is found that not only CN used solely has good anti‐inflammatory effect, but also it can significantly improve the functions of probiotics such as microbiome regulation, gut barrier integrity and tumor prevention. This work provides a simple and universal strategy that may guide the development of nanomaterial and material‐based microecological agents.
Charge Carrier Mobility and Series Resistance Extraction in 2D Field‐Effect Transistors: Toward the Universal Technique
Authors: Chien Yu‐Chieh , Feng Xuewei , Chen Li , Chang Kai‐Chun , Tan Wee Chong , Li Sifan , Huang Li , Ang Kah‐Wee 
Published: July 2021

Abstract2D semiconductor field‐effect transistors (2D FETs) have emerged as a promising candidate for beyond‐silicon electronics applications. However, its device performance has often been limited by the metal‐2D semiconductor contact, and the non‐negligible contact resistance (RSD) not only deteriorates the on‐state current but also hinders the direct characterization of the intrinsic properties of 2D semiconductors (e.g., intrinsic charge carrier mobility, μint). Therefore, a proper extraction technique that can independently characterize the metal‐2D semiconductor contact behavior and the intrinsic properties of a 2D semiconducting layer is highly desired. In this study, a universal yet simple method is developed to accurately extract the critical parameters in 2D FETs, including characteristic temperature (To), threshold voltage (VT), RSD, and μint. The practicability of this method is extensively explored by characterizing the temperature‐dependent carrier transport behavior and the strain‐induced band structure modification in 2D semiconductors. Technology computer aided design simulation is subsequently employed to verify the precision of RSD extraction. Furthermore, the universality of the proposed method is validated by successfully implementing the extraction to various 2D semiconductors, including black phosphorus, indium selenide, molybdenum disulfide, rhenium disulfide, and tungsten disulfide with top‐ and bottom‐gated configurations.
Developing Acid‐Responsive Glyco‐Nanoplatform Based Vaccines for Enhanced Cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte Responses Against Cancer and SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Gao Yanan , Zhao Qingyu , Dong Huiling , Xiao Min , Huang Xuefei , Wu Xuanjun 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCytotoxic T‐lymphocytes (CTLs) are central for eliciting protective immunity against malignancies and infectious diseases. Here, for the first time, partially oxidized acetalated dextran nanoparticles (Ox‐AcDEX NPs) with an average diameter of 100 nm are fabricated as a general platform for vaccine delivery. To develop effective anticancer vaccines, Ox‐AcDEX NPs are conjugated with a representative CTL peptide epitope (CTLp) from human mucin‐1 (MUC1) with the sequence of TSAPDTRPAP (referred to as Mp1) and an immune‐enhancing adjuvant R837 (referred to as R) via imine bond formation affording AcDEX‐(imine)‐Mp1‐R NPs. Administration of AcDEX‐(imine)‐Mp1‐R NPs results in robust and long‐lasting anti‐MUC1 CTL immune responses, which provides mice with superior protection from the tumor. To verify its universality, this nanoplatform is also exploited to deliver epitopes from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). By conjugating Ox‐AcDEX NPs with the potential CTL epitope of SARS‐CoV‐2 (referred to as Sp) and R837, AcDEX‐(imine)‐Sp‐R NPs are fabricated for anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine candidates. Several epitopes potentially contributing to the induction of potent and protective anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 CTL responses are examined and discussed. Collectively, these findings shed light on the universal use of Ox‐AcDEX NPs to deliver both tumor‐associated and virus‐associated epitopes.
Stem Cell‐Recruiting Injectable Microgels for Repairing Osteoarthritis
Authors: Lei Yiting , Wang Yuping , Shen Jieliang , Cai Zhengwei , Zeng Yongsheng , Zhao Piao , Liao Junyi , Lian Chengjie , Hu Ning , Luo Xiaoji , Cui Wenguo , Huang Wei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe differentiation potentials and viability of stem cells are often impaired during cell isolation and delivery. Inspired by the phenomenon where islands can recruit seabirds for nesting, “cell island” microgels (MGs), that is, growth factor‐loaded methacrylated hyaluronic acid and heparin blend MGs, which can recruit endogenous stem cells and promote chondrogenic differentiation, are constructed using microfluidic technology and photopolymerization processes, followed by non‐covalently binding platelet‐derived growth factor‐BB (PDGF‐BB) and transforming growth factor‐beta3 (TGF‐β3). The loading efficiency of PDGF‐BB and TGF‐β3 are 96% and 91%, respectively. In vitro and in vivo experiments find that the “cell island” MGs can enhance the migratory capacity of cells and recruit them from their niche via releasing PDGF‐BB. Meanwhile, by using hyaluronic acid, the “cell island” MGs provide a suitable microenvironment for cell attachment and spreading. Furthermore, the “cell island” MGs induce chondrogenic differentiation of the recruited cells via releasing TGF‐β3 and present a promising therapeutic effect for osteoarthritis. In sum, this developed “cell island” MG might serve as a temporary “nest site” to allow the migration, adhesion, and differentiation of endogenous stem cells, which can be a promising candidate rather than the conventional cell‐seeded scaffolds for promoting tissue regeneration.
Harnessing Selective Exsolution of Sn Metal to Enhance Electrical Conductivity in Oxygen‐Deficient Perovskite Stannates
Authors: Yoon Daseob , Lee Yujeong , Kim Gi‐Yeop , Kang Youngho , Choi Si‐Young , Son Junwoo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe versatile application of newly discovered oxide semiconductors calls for developing a simple process to generate conducting carriers. High‐temperature reduction treatment leads to electrical conduction in perovskite stannate semiconductors, but carrier concentration is poorly controlled and inconsistently reported in BaSnO3−δ films after the reduction process so far. Here, a new strategy to enhance the electrical conductivity of BaSnO3−δ films is demonstrated by exploiting selective exsolution of Sn metals in the perovskite framework. Due to strong dependence of conductivity on initial Sn/Ba cation ratio in the reduced BaSnO3−δ films, interestingly, only Sn‐excess BaSnO3−δ films show a dramatic increase of carrier concentration (∆n3D = 5–7 × 1019 cm−3) after high‐temperature reduction; exceptionally high electrical conductivity (σ ≈ 6000 S cm−1) is achieved in reduced Sn‐excess (La, Ba)SnO3−δ films, which exceed full activation of La dopants in untreated (La, Ba)SnO3. By multiple characterizations combined with theoretical calculation, it is disclosed that a small fraction of segregated β‐Sn nanoparticles is likely to contribute the additional source of n3D in the BaSnO3−δ matrix as a result of spontaneous charge transfer from the segregated β‐Sn metallic phase to BaSnO3−δ. These original results propose a simple strategy to further increase electrical conductivity in perovskite oxide semiconductors by non‐stoichiometry‐driven metal exsolution.
Synthesis and Enhanced Capture Properties of a New BioMOF@SWCNT‐BP: Recovery of the Endangered Rare‐Earth Elements from Aqueous Systems
Authors: Tursi Antonio , Mastropietro Teresa F. , Bruno Rosaria , Baratta Mariafrancesca , Ferrando‐Soria Jesus , Mashin Alexander I. , Nicoletta Fiore P. , Pardo Emilio , De Filpo Giovanni , Armentano Donatella 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHuman society is facing—among other environmental threats—an enormous challenge due to human activities. The extensive use of high‐tech devices and electronics equipment in the daily life makes, among others, rare‐earth elements (REEs) recovery from secondary sources highly required. Here, a novel bioMOF‐based single‐walled carbon nanotube buckypaper (SWCNTBP) is presented as a new and efficient composite material (BioMOF@SWCNT‐BP). The flexible and highly crystalline metal–organic framework (MOF), prepared from the natural amino acid L‐threonine, has been homogeneously dispersed within the tangled net of a self‐standing SWCNT‐BP for lanthanides recovery from water. This MOF‐carbon‐based membrane exhibits high efficiency, either in static or dynamic regimes, in the recovery of lanthanides from aqueous streams outperforming the state‐of‐the‐art. The capture performances of BPs are successfully improved after incorporation of such MOF featuring hexagonal functional channels decorated with the threonine amino acid residues, pointing toward the accessible void spaces, which boosts the capture properties of the final membrane, providing the adaptable functional environment to interact with lanthanides. This material's preparation presents also a potential for large‐scale applications with a potential benefit on natural aquatic ecosystems as well. It is highly demanded because REEs from non‐recycled waste materials are potential pollutants for surface waters.
Versatile, Rapid, and Plasma‐Assisted Synthesis of Cuprous Halide Composites at Room Temperature and Pressure
Authors: Hartl Hugo , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) , MacLeod Jennifer 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCuprous halides (CuX) are transparent semiconductors with a range of appealing characteristics, and with targeted applications in electronics, energy storage, and sensing. Here, it is demonstrated that CuX films can be formed at room temperature and atmospheric pressure using a rapid, plasma‐based approach. Crystalline CuX products are formed using dielectric barrier discharge plasma to react liquid small‐molecule precursors (1,2‐dichloro‐4‐X‐benzene, where X = Cl, Br, and I) with a copper substrate via a plasma‐assisted reaction. This process produces a composite film, containing both an organic polymer and the cuprous halide crystallites, with a hierarchical nanostructure. The cuprous halides have the zincblende structure, with sizes ranging from ≈10 to ≈85 nm. By employing either neat or mixed precursors, products including CuCl, CuBr, CuCl0.1I0.9, and CuBr0.5I0.5 are accessed. Furthermore, the same process can be used to produce AgI films from the iodated precursor molecule on a silver film, demonstrating the remarkable versatility of this approach. This work reveals a flexible new method to produce these technologically relevant I–VII semiconductor films, which can have applications in sensing, batteries, or photovoltaics.
High‐Resolution Capillary Printing of Eutectic Gallium Alloys for Printed Electronics
Authors: Hussain Navid , Fu Tongtong , Marques Gabriel , Das Chittaranjan , Scherer Torsten , Bog Uwe , Berner Lukas , Wacker Irene , Schröder Rasmus R. , Aghassi‐Hagmann Jasmin , Hirtz Michael 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA versatile liquid metal (LM) printing process enabling the fabrication of various fully printed devices such as intra‐ and interconnect wires, resistors, diodes, transistors, and basic circuit elements such as inverters which are process compatible with other digital printing and thin film structuring methods for integration is presented. For this, a glass capillary‐based direct‐write method for printing LMs such as eutectic gallium alloys, exploring the potential for fully printed LM‐enabled devices is demonstrated. Examples for successful device fabrication include resistors, p–n diodes, and field effect transistors. The device functionality and easiness of one integrated fabrication flow shows that the potential of LM printing is far exceeding the use of interconnecting conventional electronic devices in printed electronics.
Global Inverse Design across Multiple Photonic Structure Classes Using Generative Deep Learning
Authors: Yeung Christopher , Tsai Ryan , Pham Benjamin , King Brian , Kawagoe Yusaku , Ho David , Liang Julia , Knight Mark W. , Raman Aaswath P. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUnderstanding how nano‐ or micro‐scale structures and material properties can be optimally configured to attain specific functionalities remains a fundamental challenge. Photonic metasurfaces, for instance, can be spectrally tuned through material choice and structural geometry to achieve unique optical responses. However, existing numerical design methods require prior identification of specific material−structure combinations, or device classes, as the starting point for optimization. As such, a unified solution that simultaneously optimizes across materials and geometries has yet to be realized. To overcome these challenges, a global deep learning‐based inverse design framework is presented, where a conditional deep convolutional generative adversarial network is trained on colored images encoded with a range of material and structural parameters, including refractive index, plasma frequency, and geometric design. It is demonstrated that, in response to target absorption spectra, the network can identify an effective metasurface in terms of its class, materials properties, and overall shape. Furthermore, the model can arrive at multiple design variants with distinct materials and structures that present nearly identical absorption spectra. The proposed framework is thus an important step towards global photonics and materials design strategies that can identify combinations of device categories, material properties, and geometric parameters which algorithmically deliver a sought functionality.
Full‐Color and White Circularly Polarized Luminescence Promoted by Liquid Crystal Self‐Assembly Containing Chiral Naphthalimide Dyes
Authors: Li Yang , Yao Kun , Chen Yihan , Quan Yiwu , Cheng Yixiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChiral emissive nematic liquid crystals (N*‐LCs) can greatly amplify the circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signals promoted by a highly regular spiral self‐assembly in the LCs system. Naphthalimide (NI) derivatives have been assigned to be one of the most excellent chromophores for fluorescent materials. In this paper, a novel strategy is first developed to regulate full‐color CPL behavior of N*‐LCs through different chiral NI‐based dyes. Chiral NI‐based dyes are doped into nematic liquid crystals (E7, N‐LCs) to form N*‐LCs as CPL‐active liquid crystal materials. Most interestingly, this kind of N*‐LCs could emit standard white CPL signals (CIE coordinates: (0.31, 0.33)) by choosing the blue‐red match of two chiral NI‐based dyes at the appropriate ratio.
Electrolyte Design for Lithium Metal Anode‐Based Batteries Toward Extreme Temperature Application
Authors: Luo Dan , Li Matthew , Zheng Yun , Ma Qianyi , Gao Rui , Zhang Zhen , Dou Haozhen , Wen Guobin , Shui Lingling , Yu Aiping , Wang Xin , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLithium anode‐based batteries (LBs) are highly demanded in society owing to the high theoretical capacity and low reduction potential of metallic lithium. They are expected to see increasing deployment in performance critical areas including electric vehicles, grid storage, space, and sea vehicle operations. Unfortunately, competitive performance cannot be achieved when LBs operating under extreme temperature conditions where the lithium‐ion chemistry fail to perform optimally. In this review, a brief overview of the challenges in developing LBs for low temperature (<0 °C) and high temperature (>60 °C) operation are provided followed by electrolyte design strategies involving Li salt modification, solvation structure optimization, additive introduction, and solid‐state electrolyte utilization for LBs are introduced. Specifically, the prospects of using lithium metal batteries (LMBs), lithium sulfur (Li‐S) batteries, and lithium oxygen (Li‐O2) batteries for performance under low and high temperature applications are evaluated. These three chemistries are presented as prototypical examples of how the conventional low temperature charge transfer resistances and high temperature side reactions can be overcome. This review also points out the research direction of extreme temperature electrolyte design toward practical applications.