bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Vertebral Fracture on Auxological Profiles of Children Undergoing Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment
Authors: Ahn Moon Bae , Kim Seongkoo , Cho Won Kyoung , Lee Jae Wook , Jung Min Ho , Chung Nack-Gyun , Cho Bin , Suh Byung-Kyu 
Published: June 2021

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric malignancy, and children with ALL often experience skeletal morbidity such as vertebral fractures (VF) during and after ALL treatment. Among various treatment-associated factors that affect growth pattern, the presence of VF might trigger growth impairment.Objective: This study aimed to investigate the overall VF incidence following childhood ALL treatment and examined the association of VF with growth.Methods: Children diagnosed with ALL whose treatment was completed between 2 and 15 years of age and who were screened with lateral thoracolumbar spine radiographs were enrolled. Clinical data, including anthropometric parameters were obtained at leukemia diagnosis (LD), treatment completion (TC), and 12 months following TC while VF assessment were obtained at TC and 12 months following TC.Results: In total, 155 children were included, and height status was decreased, whereas weight and BMI status were increased throughout three observational points. VF incidence at TC was 18.7%. Height status were lower in children with VF at LD, TC, and 12 months following TC, while a greater height decline was observed during the treatment period. Age and height status at LD and average glucocorticoid (GC) dose were associated VF incidence at TC. The presence of VF was a significant risk factor of height decline during the treatment period.Conclusion: A substantial number of children experienced VF following ALL treatment completion, and the presence of VF might adversely affect auxological status in children. VF detection by routine surveillance throughout childhood ALL treatment is recommended to try to prevent compromised growth.
Catharsis Through Cinema: An Italian Qualitative Study on Watching Tragedies to Mitigate the Fear of COVID-19
Authors: Testoni Ines , Rossi Emil , Pompele Sara , Malaguti Ilaria , Orkibi Hod 
Published: June 2021

Background: Among different ways of coping with the unsettling situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, a very peculiar one has been identified: a more frequent request, by the general population, of movies or TV series related to the very theme of viruses, contagions, and epidemics.Objectives: The aim of the present study was to explore this peculiar phenomenon, in order to identify people's emotions and cognitions during and after the process, and to better understand the possible psychological function cinema can have during moments of intense and generalized crisis like the present COVID-19 pandemic.Participants: Fifteen Italian adults took part in the study – eight women and seven men (average age = 30 years, SD = 10.54). Participants were recruited through social media via a specific announcement, and subsequently, through a “snowball sampling.”Method: For the present study a qualitative approach was adopted, and more specifically, the principles of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) have been followed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted by telephone or through online meeting platforms (Zoom or Skype). The written texts obtained from the transcription of each interview were analyzed using thematic analysis with the support of the software Atlas.ti, in order to highlight their fundamental contents.Results: From the data analysis, four main areas of thematic prevalence emerged, which reflected the participants' condition during the pandemic that actually led them to watch epidemic-themed movies or TV series: the need to document themselves concerning the theme of epidemics, the need to exorcize contagion anxiety, the desire to find a character with which they could identify, and the casual condition of finding a peculiar movie related to the theme of pandemics and being interested in it because of the striking resemblance with real life.Conclusions: The findings suggest that cinema could indeed represent a powerful tool to help people face the intense uncertainty of the new COVID-19 epidemic, since it allows spectators to both obtain more insight into the current situation, and to project their fears and uncertainties into the movie or TV series, thus reaching a sort of cathartic liberation that offers them hope toward the future.
Digital Overuse and Addictive Traits and Their Relationship With Mental Well-Being and Socio-Demographic Factors: A National Population Survey for Wales
Authors: Bellis Mark A. , Sharp Catherine A. , Hughes Karen , Davies Alisha R. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Population health concerns have been raised about negative impacts from overuse of digital technologies. We examine patterns of online activity predictive of Digital Overuse and Addictive Traits (DOAT). We explore associations between DOAT and mental well-being and analyse how both relate to self-reported changes in self-esteem, perceived isolation, and anxiety about health when individuals use the internet for health purposes.Methods: A cross-sectional nationally representative household survey of adults using stratified random sampling (compliance 75.4%, n = 1,252). DOAT was measured using self-reported questions adapted from a social media addiction scale (failure to cut down use, restlessness when not using, and impact on job/studies and home/social life in the last year), combined into a single DOAT score. Higher DOAT score was defined as &gt;1 standard deviation above population mean. The Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale was used to measure mental well-being. Analyses were limited to those with internet access (n = 1,003).Results: Negative impacts of digital technology use on work and home/social lives were reported by 7.4% of respondents. 21.2% had tried but failed to cut down use in the past year. Higher DOAT was associated with higher social media and internet use but also independently associated with greater risks of low mental well-being. Higher DOAT was associated with both improvement and worsening of self-esteem, perceived isolation and anxiety about health when using the internet for health reasons, with no change in these outcomes most likely in those with lower DOAT. Lower mental well-being was associated with a similar bi-directional impact on perceived isolation and was also associated with worsening self-esteem.Conclusions: Substantial proportions of individuals report negative impacts on home, social and working lives from digital technology use, with many trying but failing to cut down use. Individuals with higher DOAT may experience improvements or worsening in self-esteem and other measures of mental well-being when using the internet for health purposes. From a public health perspective, a greater understanding of risk factors for digital overuse, its impacts on well-being and how to reasonably limit use of technology are critical for a successful digital revolution.
Helping Mothers Survive: Program Evaluation and Early Outcomes of Maternal Care Training in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Smith Meghan , Leader Alexandra , Roa Wanny , Jaramillo Ericka , Lazala Davina , Flores Jose , Cadet Claudia , Vazifedan Turaj , Bentley Suzanne , Jensen Lloyd 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: In 2017, approximately 295,000 women died during and immediately following pregnancy and childbirth worldwide, with 94% of these deaths occurring in low-resource settings. The Dominican Republic (DR) exhibits one of the highest maternal mortality ratios in the region of Latin America and the Caribbean despite the fact that 99% of registered births in the country are reportedly attended by a skilled birth attendant. This paradox implies that programs to support healthcare worker knowledge and skills improvement are vital to improving maternal health outcomes in the DR. Helping Mothers Survive (HMS) is a provider training program developed by Jhpiego and global partners. The goal of HMS is to combat maternal mortality by contributing to quality improvement efforts that reinforce maternal health skills of local healthcare workers.Methods: An international, multisectoral group of stakeholders collaborated in the implementation of two HMS curricula, Bleeding After Birth (BAB) and pre-eclampsia &amp; eclampsia (PE&amp;E). Demographic information as well as pre- and post-training knowledge scores were recorded for each participant. Knowledge score improvement was assessed in order to support effectiveness of the program on knowledge acquisition of healthcare workers.Results: Three hundred and twenty healthcare workers participated in the HMS training workshops between October 2016–August 2020. Of the 320 participants, 132 were trained as master trainers. The majority of participants identified as attending physicians, followed by residents/interns, nurses, students, and “other.” A significant improvement in knowledge scores was observed for both the BAB and PE&amp;E curricula, with a 21.24 and 30.25% change in average score (pre- to post-test), respectively. In response to COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, flexibility of the local team led to a PE&amp;E virtual training pilot workshop in August 2020.Discussion/Conclusions: Simulation-based training improved the knowledge levels of healthcare workers for both HMS curricula. These results suggest that simulation-based workshops have an impact on knowledge acquisition and skills of healthcare workers immediately following training. For the PE&amp;E curriculum, no significant difference in knowledge acquisition was observed between in-person and virtual training sessions. The ongoing pandemic poses challenges to program implementation; however, these preliminary results provide evidence that conducting virtual workshops may be a viable alternative to in-person training.
Data Sharing in Southeast Asia During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Amit Arianna Maever L. , Pepito Veincent Christian F. , Gutierrez Bernardo , Rawson Thomas 
Published: June 2021

Background: When a new pathogen emerges, consistent case reporting is critical for public health surveillance. Tracking cases geographically and over time is key for understanding the spread of an infectious disease and effectively designing interventions to contain and mitigate an epidemic. In this paper we describe the reporting systems on COVID-19 in Southeast Asia during the first wave in 2020, and highlight the impact of specific reporting methods.Methods: We reviewed key epidemiological variables from various sources including a regionally comprehensive dataset, national trackers, dashboards, and case bulletins for 11 countries during the first wave of the epidemic in Southeast Asia. We recorded timelines of shifts in epidemiological reporting systems and described the differences in how epidemiological data are reported across countries and timepoints.Results: Our findings suggest that countries in Southeast Asia generally reported precise and detailed epidemiological data during the first wave of the pandemic. Changes in reporting rarely occurred for demographic data, while reporting shifts for geographic and temporal data were frequent. Most countries provided COVID-19 individual-level data daily using HTML and PDF, necessitating scraping and extraction before data could be used in analyses.Conclusion: Our study highlights the importance of more nuanced analyses of COVID-19 epidemiological data within and across countries because of the frequent shifts in reporting. As governments continue to respond to impacts on health and the economy, data sharing also needs to be prioritised given its foundational role in policymaking, and in the implementation and evaluation of interventions.
Hybrid Parallel Compliance Allows Robots to Operate With Sensorimotor Delays and Low Control Frequencies
Authors: Ashtiani Milad Shafiee , Aghamaleki Sarvestani Alborz , Badri-Spröwitz Alexander 
Published: June 2021

Animals locomote robustly and agile, albeit significant sensorimotor delays of their nervous system and the harsh loading conditions resulting from repeated, high-frequent impacts. The engineered sensorimotor control in legged robots is implemented with high control frequencies, often in the kilohertz range. Consequently, robot sensors and actuators can be polled within a few milliseconds. However, especially at harsh impacts with unknown touch-down timing, controllers of legged robots can become unstable, while animals are seemingly not affected. We examine this discrepancy and suggest and implement a hybrid system consisting of a parallel compliant leg joint with varying amounts of passive stiffness and a virtual leg length controller. We present systematic experiments both in computer simulation and robot hardware. Our system shows previously unseen robustness, in the presence of sensorimotor delays up to 60 ms, or control frequencies as low as 20 Hz, for a drop landing task from 1.3 leg lengths high and with a compliance ratio (fraction of physical stiffness of the sum of virtual and physical stiffness) of 0.7. In computer simulations, we report successful drop-landings from 3.8 leg lengths (1.2 m) for a 2 kg quadruped robot with 100 Hz control frequency and a sensorimotor delay of 35 ms.
The long-term effects of the biolicit procedure for original and biosimilar GCSF and EPO products in Hungary
Authors: Hornyák Lajos , Nagy Zsolt , Vathy Fogarassyné Ágnes , Endrei Dóra , Csákvári Tímea , Répásy Balázs , Kresz Sára , Boncz Imre 
Published: June 2021

Aim: We aimed to analyse the long-term effects of the biosimilar bids of NEAK regarding GCSF and EPO drugs. Data and Methods: Our analysis is based on the data derived from the nationwide pharmaceutical database of NEAK. The treatment days and reimbursement figures of 12 months periods has been compared, from 01.07.2011-30.06.2014. and 01.07.2017.-30.06.2019. Results: In the 12 months preceding the price competition bid of biosimilar products 13974 patients received G-CSF, 7.49 billion HUF health insurance reimbursement has been paid, 5 years later the turnover of the product increased (314760, 340100 DOT value), whereas the reimbursement decreased (2.03 billion HUF, 1.95 billion HUF respectively). 12 months before the biosimial price competition, 4167 patients were treated with erythropoietin, resulting in 2.33 billion HUF of reimbursements, in the last 2 years the turnover increased (48727, 50813 DOT value respectively) with decreased reimbursement (1.004 billion HUF, 1.002 billion HUF respectively). Conclusions: The long-range analyses price competition bid of biosimilar products revealed that in case of products the health insurance reimbursement decreased despite the elevated turnover in a longer period as well. During the years following the start of the price competition bid the switch from original products to biosimilars could be observed.
Utilizing the ABC Transporter for Growth Factor Production by fleQ Deletion Mutant of Pseudomonas fluorescens
Authors: Fabia Benedict-Uy , Bingwa Joshua , Park Jiyeon , Hieu Nguyen-Mihn , Ahn Jung-Hoon 
Published: June 2021

Pseudomonas fluorescens, a gram-negative bacterium, has been proven to be a capable protein manufacturing factory (PMF). Utilizing its ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, a type I secretion system, P. fluorescens has successfully produced recombinant proteins. However, besides the target proteins, P. fluorescens also secretes unnecessary background proteins that complicate protein purification and other downstream processes. One of the background proteins produced in large amounts is FliC, a flagellin protein. In this study, the master regulator of flagella gene expression, fleQ, was deleted from P. fluorescens Δtp, a lipase and protease double-deletion mutant, via targeted gene knockout. FleQ directs flagella synthesis, so the new strain, P. fluorescens ΔfleQ, does not produce flagella-related proteins. This not only simplifies purification but also makes P. fluorescens ΔfleQ an eco-friendly expression host because it will not survive outside a controlled environment. Six recombinant growth factors, namely, insulin-like growth factors I and II, beta-nerve growth factor, fibroblast growth factor 1, transforming growth factor beta, and tumor necrosis factor beta, prepared using our supercharging method, were successfully secreted by P. fluorescens ΔfleQ. Our findings demonstrate the potential of P. fluorescens ΔfleQ, combined with our supercharging process, as a PMF.
Sensor Integrated Load-Bearing Structures: Measuring Axis Extension with DIC-Based Transducers
Authors: Al-Baradoni Nassr , Groche Peter 
Published: June 2021

In this paper we present a novel, cost-effective camera-based multi-axis force/torque sensor concept for integration into metallic load-bearing structures. A two-part pattern consisting of a directly incident and mirrored light beam is projected onto the imaging sensor surface. This allows the capturing of 3D displacements, occurring due to structure deformation under load in a single image. The displacement of defined features in size and position can be accurately analyzed and determined through digital image correlation (DIC). Validation on a prototype shows good accuracy of the measurement and a unique identification of all in- and out-of-plane displacement components under multiaxial load. Measurements show a maximum deviation related to the maximum measured values between 2.5% and 4.8% for uniaxial loads (Fx, Fy,Fz,Mz) and between 2.5% and 10.43% for combined bending, torsion and axial load. In the course of the investigations, the measurement inaccuracy was partly attributed to the joint used between the sensor parts and the structure as well as to eccentric load.
Bleeding Complications of Percutaneous Kidney Biopsy: Does Gender Matter?
Authors: Anpalahan Aksharaa , Malacova Eva , Hegerty Katharine , Malett Andrew , Ranganathan Dwarakanathan , Healy Helen G. , Gois Pedro Henrique Franca 
Published: June 2021

Key Points

The incidence of bleeding complications after percutaneous kidney biopsies is low.Female sex may be associated with a greater risk for bleeding complications after percutaneous kidney biopsies.This association and the plausible mechanisms require further evaluation in prospective study
TINDAKAN ABORSI DALAM SUDUT PANDANG HUKUM DAN KESEHATAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: WIDOWATI  
Published: June 2021

Aborsi merupakan suatu tindakan menggugurkan kandungan. Di negara Indonesia tindakan tersebut merupakan yang dilarang, dan masuk dalam Bab Kejahatan terhadap nyawa dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana. Meskipun aborsi secara hukum terlarang, tetapi kenyataannya aborsi masih banyak dilakukan oleh perempuan dengan berbagai alasan disebabkan peraturan dan hukum yang ada kurang akomodatif terhadap alasan-alasan yang memaksa perempuan melakukan tindakan aborsi. Secara umum, pengguguran kandungan dapat dibagi menjadi 2 macam, yaitu: pengguguran tanpa sengaja dan pengguguran disengaja. Aborsi tanpa sengaja adalah pengguguran tidak sengaja yang terjadi tanpa tindakan apapun. Sedangkan aborsi disengaja adalah pengguguran yang terjadi sebagai akibat dari suatu tindakan. Aborsi dalam bentuk kedua ini dapat dibedakan dalam 2 macam, yaitu aborsi articialis therapicus dan aborsi procatus criminalis. Aborsi articialis therapicus adalah pengguguran yang dilakukan oleh dokter atas dasar indikasi medis yang dilakukan sebagai penyelamatan terhadap jiwa ibu yang terancam bila kelangsungan kehamilan dipertahankan. Sedangkan aborsi provocatus criminalis adalah pengguguran yang dilakukan tanpa dasar indikasi medis misalnya, aborsi yang dilakukan untuk meniadakan hasil hubungan seks diluar perkawinan atau untuk mengakhiri perkawinan yang tidak dikehendaki.
Kata kunci: Aborsi, Hukum, Kesehatan.
TUGAS PENYIDIK DI DALAM MELAKSANAKAN PEMERIKSAAN TERHADAP TERSANGKA RESIDIVIS
Authors: ERLY PANGESTUTI  
Published: June 2021

Indonesia merupakan negara hukum. Hal ini dituangkan di dalam penjelasan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945 yaitu bahwa negara Republik Indonesia berdasar atas hukum (Rechstaat), tidak berdasar atas kekuasaan (machstaat). Hukum selalu berkaitan dengan masalah penegak hukum (law enfocement) yang mengarah pada aparat penegak hukum khususnya Polisi Republik Indonesia ( POLRI). Bagaimana optimalisasi peran penyidik Polri dalam melakukan penyidikan terhadap tersangka residivis suatu tindak pidana dan kendala yang dihadapi penyidik dalam menjalankan tugas dan fungsinya sebagai penyidik. Menggunakan metode 1) Bahan Hukum Primer, peraturan perundang-undangan yang berkaitan dengan obyek yang diteliti, 2) Bahan Hukum Sekunder berupa pendapat hukum yang diperoleh dari berbagai sumber dari buku-buku,peraturan undang-undang, jurnal, tesis, artikel / makalah hasil penelitan dan bahan-bahan dari internet yang berkaitan dengan tugas penyidik di dalam melaksanakan pemeriksaan Terhadap tersangka residivis 3) Bahan Hukum Tersier yaitu diperoleh dari Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia dan kamus Hukum yang digunakan untuk memperjelas bahan hukum primer dan sekunder.
Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa optimalisasi peran penyidik dalam melaksanakan pemeriksaan terhadap residivis Polri menunjukkan bahwa Penyidik selaku pemeriksa terhadap seorang tersangka dalam hal ini residivis yang sangat pandai dalam hal mengingkari apa yang sudah dilakukannya dengan tujuan supaya mendapat hukuman yang lebih ringan, maka penyidik harus lebih berhati-hati serta memerlukan kesabaran dan mempunyai teknik-teknik khusus untuk mengorek atau menggali keterangan tersangka residivis yang tidak mengakui akan perbuatan yang telah diakukannya. Diperlukan persiapan yang matang untuk penyidik dalam memeriksa tersangka residivis, seperti 1) mental pendidikan yang perlu ditingkatkan, 2) pengiriman bagi penyidik untuk mengikuti pelatihan-pelatihan yang berhubungan dengan pemeriksaan tersangka.

Kata Kunci : Tugas Penyidik, Pemeriksaan, Tersangka Residivis.
CRITICAL APPROACH TO PERCEPTIONS OF BERNARD LEWIS REGARDING ISLAMIC POLITICAL & SOCIAL PRACTICES.
Authors: Wattu Dr, Inam Ullah , Naseem Abida 
Published: June 2021

Bernard Lewis is a representative scholar of eastern studies and western thoughts, and he is the most influential political figure in the U.S politics. So his thoughts play an important and vital role in academic and political fields of the West. Most of his writings explore his prejudiced attitude toward Islam and Muslims. He wrote many books about the teachings of Islam. Islam being a universal religion is an interesting topic for western intelligentsia like Lewis. There are many institutes of Islamic studies in their universities and many think tanks are working on various aspects of Islamic teaching for multiple purposes. In some educational institutions of the west revisionist orientalists such as Andrew Rippin are teaching Islamic thoughts from a critical and revisionist perspective which is quite contrary to the traditional Islamic teachings. Bernard Lewis is attached with The RAND cooperation (the most influential think tank of U.S.A) and most of his writings are evident of his prejudiced theories about political and social practices of Muslims.