bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Seismic Response Modification Factor (R) for Moderate-Rise RC Buildings with Vertical Irregular Configurations
Authors: Ahmed Momen Mohamed , Abdo Mohamed Abdel-Basset , Mohamed Waleed Abo El-Wafa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Most international design codes consider the nonlinear seismic performance of a structure by the concept of reduction/modification factor (R). Then, an elastic static force-based method can be normally used for seismic design to create earthquake resistant RC buildings. The response modification factor (R) is sensitive to many aspects such as overall ductility, over-strength, damping, and redundancy levels. Indeed, these factors are severely affected by geometric irregularity of the structural system. So, R-value does not become a constant number for the all types of structures with the same lateral load resisting system, as many standard codes noted. It depends on types, combination, and degrees of geometric vertical irregularity. This research assesses the actual values of R for regular and familiar vertical irregularity cases in RC buildings with moment-resisting frames (MRF) systems. Also, it takes into account the reduction percent that may occurs in R-value due to these studied vertical irregularities. The vertical irregularity cases, such as set-back and soft story, are essentially needed to be studied greater than ever due to the wide propagation of these types of buildings in Egypt, recently. In addition, the potential analytical methods that may be used to calculate R-value in comparison with Egyptian code’s value. Nonlinear static pushover analysis is carried out using ETABS via three-dimensional numerical models. The findings prove that vertical irregular models have poor seismic capacities, in comparison with regular one, due to their sudden change in lateral stiffness than that with regular aspect. So, the response modification factor (R) must be re-calculated or even scaled-down before design stage with 15% and 25% for single and combined vertical irregularity, respectively. In addition, this investigation derives a vital equation between R values with vertical irregularity ratios in each studied model. This equation shall be a guide for seismic design codes, structural design engineers, and researchers. Accordingly, the response modification factor R does not become a fixed value regardless vertical irregularity aspects of the buildings, but it has a variable value that depend on their inelastic seismic performance of the lateral load resisting systems.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Mixed Leaves Aqueous Extract of Wild Olive and Pistachio: Characterization, Enhancing Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Potential and Effect on Virulence Factors of Candida
Authors: ESSGHAIER Badiaa , Khedher Ghada Ben , Hannachi Hédia , Dridi Rihab , Zid Mohamed Faouzi , Chaffei Chiraz 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Olea europaea subsp. europaea and Pistacia lentiscus are well known as natural sources of secondary metabolites promising in various fields. Phenolic compounds from Plant are suitable markers to differentiate varieties related to geographical area. This work aimed to enhance the antimicrobial potential of new green silver nanoparticles AgNPs using for the first time the mixed leaves extract of Olea europaea subsp. europaea var. sylvestris and Pistacia lentiscus from natural geographical association and describe their antimicrobial, antibiofilm and their effect on virulence factor of Candida. A rapid, simple environmentally approach for biosynthesis of AgNPs by using mixed plant aqueous extract acts both as reducing and capting agents without any solvent or hazardous reagents. The AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR spectrum and the X-ray crystallography. The AgNPs showed superior antioxidant activity by measuring DPPH, Ferric Antioxidant Reducing Power (FRAP) and the total antioxidant activity. It was most richness with flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids and total polyphenols contents compared to plant extract. The new AgNPs possess high bactericidal and fungicidal effects against clinical strains, limit spore’s germination of filamentous fungi, announcing high anti-biofilm activity, synergistic effect with the conventional antibiotic’s drugs and affecting virulence factors of Candida (Proteinase, Phospholipase and morphogenesis).
Mutation of OsCAX1a Results in Panicle Degeneration in Rice
Authors: Gan Quan , Song Fengshun , Lin Cuixiang , Ni Dahu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Rice is one of the most common cereal crops in China. Increasing the yield of rice has always been a primary purpose of rice breeding. However, panicle degeneration in rice, a complex characteristic regulated by many genes and commonly encountered in rice production, seriously reduces the yield. Findings: In this study, we obtained a new apical panicle degeneration mutant named ym48, which exhibits a serious degeneration rate and reduced grain yield in rice. After fine mapping, the OsCAX1a gene responsible for Ca2+ selection and transportation was identified. In the ym48 mutant of the OsCAX1a gene, a A to G substitution was noted at the 190th nucleotide, and the corresponding 64th amino acid was changed from threonine to alanine. Also, the tolerance from Ca2+ stress was damaged due to the mutation. Phylogenetics, protein sequence alignment and motif identification of CAX family members in Arabidopsis and rice indicated that this mutation site was highly conserved and might play an essential role in Ca2+ transportation. Moreover, the OsCAX1a expression pattern was analyzed in rice. qRT-PCR and GUS (β-glucuronidase) staining experiments showed that OsCAX1a was highly expressed in roots, stems and panicles and that its expression increased with panicle development. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that OsCAX1a played an essential role in the regulation of panicle development for the first time and mutation of OsCAX1a would generate the panicle degeneration in rice. This study provided a new view point to explore the mechanism of panicle development and degeneration in rice.
Intersecting Linear Light Strands: A Particle Explanation for the Fresnel Central Spot
Authors: Dutt Srin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The Fresnel central spot in a shadow, theorized to be generated from wave interference, has given strong support for wave models of light. Using extended exposure macro imaging in various media, the shadow is shown to be more complex with multiple lines of light intersecting in the center. Using the particle concept of discrete light strands perpendicularly reflecting from a diffraction source, these observations can be more accurately explained. Another quantized aspect of light is shown where linear light strands become rings when an energy threshold is reached.
Differences between externally and internally headed relative clause constructions
Authors: Chung Chan , Kim Jong-Bok 
Published: December 2021

In terms of truth conditional meanings, there is no clear difference between (Korean) IHRCs (internally head relative) and EHRCs (externally headed relative). In the analysis of IHRCs, of central interest are thus (a) how we can analyze the constructions in syntax and (b) how we can associate the internal head of the IHRC clause with the matrix predicate so that the head can function as its semantic argument, and (c) what makes the differences between the two constructions. This paper is an attempt to provide answers to such recurring questions within the framework of HPSG.
Varicose veins in adolescents: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Mirolyubov L. M. , Nurmeev I. N. , Morozov V. I. , Zykova M. A. , Mirolyubov A. L. 
Published: December 2021

The article describes the experience of diagnostics and treatment of chronic diseases of the veins of the lower extremities in 164 female patients.Objective. To study the results of diagnosis and treatment of varicose veins in adolescent and adult females.Patient characteristics and research methods. The authors carried out a prospective study, they analyzed health condition of a group of adolescents and examined this group in 5 years later (the adult part of the study). The authors used clinical examination for diagnostics (disease assessment according to CEAP classification), ultrasound examinations, telephone interviews. Re-examination of the patients showed good long-term results of treatment. There were no re-operations.Results. According to the data of a five-year follow-up, interventions were performed in 4 (4%) cases in the study group. The proportion of cured patients remained without significant changes.Conclusion. 1. Phlebology of childhood is characterized by the predominance of uncomplicated forms of varicose veins, with a simultaneous high concern about the disease of the patient and parents. 2. Timely surgical and laser interventions and the prescribed nonsurgical treatment program allow achieving a lasting improvement in the majority of patients with good long-term results. 3. Observation of patients with chronic venous diseases during their transition to the adult age group shows the preservation of good results in the majority of cases.
Rainfall prediction optimization model in ten-day time step based on sliding window mechanism and zero sum game
Authors: Liu Xin , Sang Xuefeng , Chang Jiaxuan , Zheng Yang , Han Yuping 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Rainfall is a precious water resource, especially for Shenzhen with scarce local water resources. Therefore, an effective rainfall prediction model is essential for improvement of water supply efficiency and water resources planning in Shenzhen. In this study, a deep learning model based on zero sum game (ZSG) was proposed to predict ten-day rainfall, the regular models were constructed for comparison, and the cross-validation was performed to further compare the generalization ability of the models. Meanwhile, the sliding window mechanism, differential evolution genetic algorithm, and discrete wavelet transform were developed to solve the problem of data non-stationarity, local optimal solutions, and noise filtration, respectively. The k-means clustering algorithm was used to discover the potential laws of the dataset to provide reference for sliding window. Mean square error (MSE), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) were applied for model evaluation. The results indicated that ZSG could better optimize the parameter adjustment process of models, and improved generalization ability of models. The generalization ability of the bidirectional model was superior to that of the unidirectional model. The ZSG-based models showed stronger superiority compared with regular models, and provided the lowest MSE (1.29%), NSE (21.75%), and MAE (7.5%) in the ten-day rainfall prediction.
Drought monitoring and prediction using SPI, SPEI, and random forest model in various climates of Iran
Authors: Lotfirad Morteza , Esmaeili-Gisavandani Hassan , Adib Arash 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study is to select the best model (combination of different lag times) for predicting the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the standardized precipitation and evapotranspiration index (SPEI) in next time. Monthly precipitation and temperature data from 1960 to 2019 were used. In temperate climates, such as the north of Iran, the correlation coefficients of SPI and SPEI were 0.94, 0.95, and 0.81 at the time scales of 3, 12, and 48 months, respectively. Besides, this correlation coefficient was 0.47, 0.35, and 0.44 in arid and hot climates, such as the southwest of Iran because potential evapotranspiration (PET) depends on temperature more than rainfall. Drought was predicted using the random forest (RF) model and applying 1–12 months lag times for next time. By increasing the time scale, the prediction accuracy of SPI and SPEI will improve. The ability of SPEI is more than SPI for drought prediction, because the overall accuracy (OA) of prediction will increase, and the errors (i.e., overestimate (OE) and underestimate (UE)) will reduce. It is recommended for future studies (1) using wavelet analysis for improving accuracy of predictions and (2) using the Penman–Monteith method if ground-based data are available.
Личностно-средовое взаимодействие: исследование ценностных ориентаций и психологической системы деятельности российской молодежи
Authors: Атаманова Инна В. , Перикова Екатерина И. , Щекотуров Александр В. , Богомаз Сергей А. 
Published: December 2021

Введение. Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью комплексного анализа проблемы личностно-средового взаимодействия на современном этапе. Целью данного исследования является сравнительный анализ ценностных ориентаций (культурные измерения и базисные ценности) и параметров психологической системы деятельности вузовской молодежи в четырех российских городах. Методы. В исследовании приняли участие 735 студентов вузов, обучающихся в Санкт-Петербурге, Калининграде, Томске и Иркутске. Использовалась батарея опросниковых методик, сгруппированных по трем векторам исследования: 1) ценностные ориентации на уровне культуры (методики Г. Хофстеде и Р. Инглхарта); 2) ценностные ориентации на индивидуальном уровне (методика СОРБЦ); 3) параметры психологической системы деятельности: самодетерминация, потребности в достижении и аффилиации, личностная готовность к деятельности (целеполагание, планирование, рефлексия и удовлетворенность жизнью), инновативные качества личности. Статистический анализ включал описательные статистики, факторный анализ и дисперсионный анализ ANOVA. Результаты. Факторный анализ выявил ведущие показатели, характеризующие специфику личностно-средового взаимодействия на примере вузовской молодежи. К ним относятся потенциал городской среды, личностная готовность к деятельности и традиционные ценности. Ценностные ориентации в исследуемых выборках различались как на уровне культуры (долгосрочная ориентация, традиционные ценности), так и на индивидуальном уровне (субъективная оценка реализуемости базисных метаценностей, выступающая мерилом потенциала городской среды). Также выявлены особенности параметров психологической системы деятельности (планирование, потребность в связанности с другими людьми, индекс самодетерминации и потребность в достижении). Обсуждение результатов. Научная новизна исследования определяется комплексным подходом к анализу специфики личностно-средового взаимодействия в контексте личностно-профессионального становления вузовской молодежи. Проведенный анализ позволил выделить ведущие показатели, характеризующие ценностные ориентации и параметры психологической системы деятельности российской вузовской молодежи, и средовую специфику исследуемых показателей, что необходимо учитывать при организации психолого-педагогического сопровождения процесса личностно-профессионального становления вузовской молодежи.
Use of Ultrasound to Observe Mycosis Fungoides: A Case Report and Review
of Literature
Authors: Chen Cong-Xian , Zhu Jie , Zeng Zeng 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell
lymphoma with many clinicopathological variants, thus difficult to diagnose in its early stages.

Case Presentation:
This case report is about a 76 years old Chinese woman presented with 2 years
history of erythematous plaque on the lateral right thigh; after combining clinical manifestations
with results of pathological examinations, it is consistent with the diagnosis of MF.

Discussion:
Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
The patient in this case had a long course of disease and repeated attacks. Ultrasound shows a
small patch of liquid dark area of the lesion. Color Doppler image shows rich blood flow, which
just looks like lacustrine. Thick and nourishing blood vessels could be seen in the depth.

Conclusion:
Our case report using ultrasound to observe MF and demonstrate that ultrasound is
helpful in diagnosing and evaluating effectiveness in treating MF.
Recruiting Black Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM) Couples via Dating Apps: Pilot Study on Challenges and Successes
Authors: Witkovic Yong Darin , Kim Hyunjin Cindy , Bright Darius Jovon , Tan Judy Y 
Published: December 2021

Background
HIV disproportionately impacts Black men who have sex with men (MSM), and targeting the primary relationship (ie, couples) using mobile technology for health holds promise for HIV prevention. Web-based recruitment of MSM is commonly employed in HIV prevention and intervention research. However, little known about recruiting Black MSM couples on the internet in the United States.

Objective
This study describes the process of recruiting Black MSM couples over social networking and dating apps frequented by MSM. We describe the activities for recruiting, screening, and enrolling participants as part of a randomized trial employing a multipronged recruitment approach.

Methods
Black MSM in couples were recruited via three apps (ie, Jack’d, Adam4Adam, and Growlr) between May 2020 and March 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Black MSM couples were eligible if one or both partners are Black, MSM, and living with HIV, and if both partners were 18 years or older, and have been together for at least 2 months in what they both consider a primary relationship (ie, one in which both partners reported feeling most committed to over any other partner or relationship).

Results
A total of 10 Black MSM couples (n=20) were enrolled via social networking apps. App recruitment activities were a combination of passive (eg, in-app advertisements) and active (eg, direct messaging of users) engagement. Recruitment approaches varied by the social networking app owing to differences in app features. A full-time recruiter experienced challenges such as bugs (ie, technical errors in computer program or system), navigating technical requirements specific to each app, and web-based harassment.

Conclusions
Despite challenges, it was possible to recruit Black MSM couples virtually into research as part of a multipronged recruitment strategy. We identify tips for using web-based dating and other social networking apps as part of a recruitment strategy in future research with Black MSM couples.
Development and Usability of a Text Messaging Program for Women With Gestational Diabetes: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Blair Rachel A , Horn Christine E , Dias Jennifer M , McDonnell Marie E , Seely Ellen W 
Published: December 2021

Background
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects 5%-10% of pregnancies and can lead to serious fetal and maternal complications. SMS text messaging is an effective way to improve diabetes management outside of pregnancy, but has not been well studied in GDM.

Objective
This study aimed to perform user experience testing and assess usability and acceptability of an SMS text messaging program (Text 4 Success) for women with GDM.

Methods
An automated 2-way texting program was developed. It included (1) reminders to check blood glucose levels, (2) positive feedback to user-reported glucose levels, (3) weekly educational messages, and (4) weekly motivational messages. For the user experience testing, women received simulated messages. For the usability study, women were enrolled in the program and received messages for 2 weeks. All women participated in semistructured interviews. For women in the usability study, data from glucose measuring devices were downloaded to assess adherence to self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), measured as the percentage of recommended SMBG checks performed (a secondary outcome).

Results
Ten women participated in user experience testing. Suggestions for optimization included further customization of message timing and minimization of jargon, which were incorporated. Ten women participated in the usability study. All 10 would recommend the program to other women with GDM. Participants liked the immediate feedback to glucose values. Suggestions included further flexibility of messages related to mealtimes and the ability to aggregate blood glucose data into a table or graph. Overall, adherence to SMBG testing was high at baseline (222/238 recommended checks, 93%). In comparing the week prior to the trial with the 2 weeks during the trial, there was a small but statistically insignificant difference (P=.48) in the percentage of recommended SMBG performed (median 93% [25th-75th IQR 89%-100%] vs median 97% [25th-75th IQR 92%-100%]).

Conclusions
Overall, women with GDM would recommend the Text 4 Success in GDM program and think it is helpful for GDM self-management. The program was usable and acceptable. The program may be better suited to those who have low levels of adherence to SMBG at baseline or to women at time of their diagnosis of GDM. Adaptations to the program will be made based on user suggestions. Further study of SMS text messaging to improve SMBG in GDM is needed.
Concerns Around Opposition to the Green Pass in Italy: Social Listening Analysis by Using a Mixed Methods Approach
Authors: Spitale Giovanni , Biller-Andorno Nikola , Germani Federico 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundThe recent introduction of COVID-19 certificates in several countries, including the introduction of the European green pass, has been met with protests and concerns by a fraction of the population. In Italy, the green pass has been used as a nudging measure to incentivize vaccinations because a valid green pass is needed to enter restaurants, bars, museums, or stadiums. As of December 2021, a valid green pass can be obtained by being fully vaccinated with an approved vaccine, recovered from COVID-19, or tested. However, a green pass obtained with a test has a short validity (48 hours for the rapid test, 72 hours for the polymerase chain reaction test) and does not allow access to several indoor public places.ObjectiveThis study aims to understand and describe the concerns of individuals opposed to the green pass in Italy, the main arguments of their discussions, and their characterization.MethodsWe collected data from Telegram chats and analyzed the arguments and concerns that were raised by the users by using a mixed methods approach.ResultsMost individuals opposing the green pass share antivaccine views, but doubts and concerns about vaccines are generally not among the arguments raised to oppose the green pass. Instead, the discussion revolves around the legal aspects and the definition of personal freedom. We explain the differences and similarities between antivaccine and anti–green pass discourses, and we discuss the ethical ramifications of our research, focusing on the use of Telegram chats as a social listening tool for public health.ConclusionsA large portion of individuals opposed to the green pass share antivaccine views. We suggest public health and political institutions to provide a legal explanation and a context for the use of the green pass, as well as to continue focusing on vaccine communication to inform vaccine-hesitant individuals. Further work is needed to define a consensual ethical framework for social listening for public health.