bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability-Considered Lane Keeping Control of Commercial Vehicles Based on Improved APF Algorithm
Authors: Tang Bin , Yang Zheng-Yi , Jiang Hao-bin , Lin Zi-yan , Xu Zhan-xiang , Hu Zi-tian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
With regard to the lane keeping system, path tracking accuracy and lateral stability at high speeds need to be taken into account especially for commercial vehicles due to the characteristics of larger mass, longer wheelbase and higher mass center. To improve the performance mentioned above comprehensively, the control strategy based on improved artificial potential field (APF) algorithm is proposed. In the paper, time to lane crossing (TLC) is introduced into the potential field function to enhance the accuracy of path tracking, meanwhile the vehicle dynamics parameters including yaw rate and lateral acceleration are chosen as the repulsive force field source. The lane keeping controller based on improved APF algorithm is designed and the stability of the control system is proved based on Lyapunov theory. In addition, adaptive inertial weight particle swarm optimization algorithm (AIWPSO) is applied to optimize the gain of each potential field function. The co-simulation results indicate that the comprehensive evaluation index respecting lane tracking accuracy and lateral stability is reduced remarkably. Finally, the proposed control strategy is verified by the HiL test.
Shortleaf Spikesedge-Driven Silver Nanoparticles for The Reduction of Methylene Blue Dye
Authors: ISA NORAIN , Osman Mohamed Syazwan , Hamid Haslinda Abdul , Samsulrizal Nurdiana , Inderan Vicinisvarri , Lockman Zainovia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The textile industry is a heavy producer of wastewater, which may result in the discharge of toxic dyes into the environment. Methylene blue (MB) is an example of the most used dye in the textile industry. It is difficult to degrade MB under normal conditions due to its highly stable molecules. Therefore, a catalyst route is desired in MB reduction. The catalyst chosen in this work was silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesised by a biological method utilising shortleaf spikesedge extract (SSE) as a reducing agent. The formations of SSE driven AgNPs were monitored using visual observation (colour), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The different process variables (concentration of AgNO3, concentration of SSE, reaction time, temperature and pH) upon synthesis of SSE driven AgNPs were evaluated based on the absorbance of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band. The TEM image showed that SSE driven AgNPs are highly dispersed with a quasi-spherical shape and an average particle size of approximately 17.64 nm. For the catalytic study, the reduction of MB was evaluated using two systems. A detailed batch study of the removal efficiency (%RE) and kinetics was done at ambient temperature, various MB initial concentrations, and reaction time. The batch study for System 2 clearly showed that SSE driven AgNPs exhibited 100% reduction of MB at 30–100 mg/L initial concentration (sample coding of MB30, MB50, MB70 and MB100) between 1.5 and 5.0 min reaction time. The kinetic data best fitted a pseudo-first-order kinetic model with the highest reaction rate of 2.5715 min-1. The reduction of MB occurs via the electron relay effect. These findings demonstrate that the SSE driven AgNPs are a promising candidate with potential influence on coloured wastewater.
Genome Identification and CtCP1 Gene expression of Cysteine Protease in Carthamus Tinctorius under Abiotic Stress
Authors: Hong Yingqi , Yanxi Lv , Jianyi Zhang , Hoang Nguyen Quoc Viet , Youbao Li , Nan Wang , Xiuming Liu , Na Yao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCysteine protease (CP) plays an important role in plant senescence. In this study, the whole genome evolution information of CPs was analyzed by using safflower, and the function of CtCP1 under l abiotic stress was analyzed.Results25 CPs members were identified in the safflower genome and divided into 9 subfamilies. Gene structure analysis showed that the possible evolutionary conservatism and functional similarity of the same family members. qRT-PCR at different florescence showed that the expression of CPs gene was the highest in the decline period, and CtCP1 gene changed significantly under abiotic stress. We cloned the qRT-PCR of CtCP1, at different florescence and stress, which showed that the expression of CtCP1 was the highest in the decline stage and low temperature. In order to study the function of CtCP1 gene, we obtained the overexpression CtCP1 line (OE) and the inhibition CtCP1 expression line (Anti) in Arabidopsis thaliana. The results of transgenic lines under low temperature stress showed that inhibition of CtCP1 expression enhanced the resistance of Carthamus tinctorius to low temperature, and overexpression of CtCP1 weakened the resistance of Carthamus tinctorius to low temperature.ConclusionWe have identified the cysteine protease genome of safflower and CtCP1 gene expression under abiotic stress
Periodontal Measurement on Digital Images Reveals Risk of Overestimation in Clinical Periodontal Probing in Periodontitis Patients
Authors: Chung Hye-Min , Park Jin-Young , Ko Kyung-A , Choi Seong-Ho , Lee Jung-Seok 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Aim: To compare the supra-alveolar gingival dimension (GD) and the clinical pocket probing depth (PD) by combining data from an intraoral scanner (IOS) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and identify the clinical features affecting the clinical PD.Materials and Methods: 1,071 sites from 11 patients were selected for whom CBCT, IOS images, and periodontal charts were recorded at the same visit. CBCT and IOS data were superimposed. GD was measured on cross-sectional images of the probed sites. The level of agreement and correlation between GD and PD were assessed for the entire population and also within groups (treated vs untreated, bleeding on probing [BOP] vs no BOP, and PDs of 0–3 mm vs 4–5 mm vs ≥6 mm).Results: The difference between GD and PD was 0.82±0.69 mm (mean±standard deviation), and they were positively correlated (r=0.790, p<0.001). The mean difference was smaller for sites with PD ≥4 mm than for those with a PD of 0–3 mm. The correlations between GD and PD were stronger for untreated sites, sites with BOP, and sites with a larger PD.Conclusion: The pocket PD is prone to overestimation. The digital representation of the supra-alveolar GD is similar to the PD.
Evaluation of a Web-Based Randomized Controlled Trial Educational Intervention Based on Media Literacy on Preventing Substance Abuse Among College Students, Applying the Integrated Social Marketing Approach: A Study Protocol
Authors: Jormand Hanieh , Bashirian Saeed , Barati Majid , Rezapur-Shahkolai Forouzan , Babamiri Mohammad 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background:Substance abuse is the actual psychosocial harm, especially in young people confronted with content marketing in nowadays media environment, a risk factor for experiencing substance abuse. Based on the literature review, education designed based on the cognitive-behavioral model and planning models, such as using a social marketing framework, is the most effective method to prevent addictive substance abuse. Also, Media literacy related to substance abuse and the prototype willingness model is considered a new integrated approach to present the intervention measures' desired results.Methods:The present study evaluates an intervention program based on media literacy on substance abuse prevention among students using an integrated social marketing approach. This study aims to complete the SMART model's sixth and seventh stages, implementing intervention and evaluation. Participants will be students of Hamadan University, Iran. Randomization will occur at the university and school levels, and gather data will appear at two-time (i.e., pre-test and three months follow-up). Intervention group Students will obtain both substance abuse prevention education and substance abuse media literacy (SAML) educations between pre-test and three months post-test. Students in the delayed-intervention will be given this education after study accomplishment; this group will receive their regular courses except for substance abuse prevention and media literacy titles during education intervention. The outcome variables are intentions and substance abuse behavior based on prototype willingness and substance abuse media literacy.Discussion:Evaluation of Substance abuse prevention and substance abuse media literacy education must be careful to ensure that they effectively enable people, especially in youth in the new media ecology and unique 'Infomedia' ecosystems, in the current digital society. The SAML education plan's evaluation has the first web-based education program in universities. No prior research has psychometrically considered SAML in students in the SMART model's sixth and seventh stages. Trial registration: IRCT20200914048719N1
Prevalence and impact of metabolic syndrome in patients with alcohol use disorder
Authors: Hernández-Rubio Anna , Sanvisens Arantza , Bolao Ferran , Cachón-Suárez Isabel , Garcia-Martín Carme , Short Antoni , Bataller Ramón , Muga Roberto 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

the metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an inflammatory disorder predisposes to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to analyze the prevalence and associations of MetS in patients with alcohol use disorder.
Methods

cross-sectional study in heavy drinkers admitted for treatment of alcohol use disorder between 2013 and 2017. Medical comorbidity, anthropometric data, alcohol use and biological parameters were obtained at admission. MetS was established according to the harmonized definition of 2009. Logistic regression models were used to analyze associations of MetS.
Results

728 patients (22% women) were included; median age was 47 years (IQR:40-53.5) and median alcohol consumption was 160 g/day (IQR:115–240). Overall, 9.2%, 26.7%, and 6.8% of the patients had type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and CVD, respectively. BMI was 25.0 kg/m2 (IQR:22.1–28.7) and prevalence of MetS was 13.9%. The multivariate analysis showed a significant dose-response effect of estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR) and MetS: relative to patients with eGFR > 90 mL/min, those with eGFR (60–90 mL/min) and those with eGFR < 60 mL/min were 1.93 times (95% CI: 1.18–3.15) and 5.61 times (95% CI: 1.66-19.0) more likely to have MetS, respectively. In addition, MetS was significantly associated with hyperuricemia (OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.36–3.82) and elevated serum GGT (OR = 3.67, 95% CI: 1.80–7.46). Furthermore, for every increase of 1 year in age, the probability of MetS increased significantly (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01–1.05).
Conclusions

MetS in heavy drinkers is independently associated with reduced kidney function and metabolic risk factors including hyperuricemia and elevated serum GGT.
Evaluation of Vimentin as a Potential Poor Prognostic Indicator and Salivary Biomarker for Oral Cancers and Pre-Cancers by Mass Spectrometry Based Proteomics
Authors: Sivagnanam Ananthi , Shyamsundar Vidyarani , Krishnamurthy Arvind , Thangaraj Soundara Viveka , Srini C.V Divyambika , Kasirajan Hemashree , Ramani Pratibha , RAMSHANKAR VIJAYALAKSHMI 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background : Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) is an aggressive cancer with high morbidity and mortality rates, despite multimodality management. There are currently no clinically relevant molecular markers to help identify patients at a higher risk of recurrence and failure. Methods: 2D-DIGE coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was performed on tissues obtained from early staged OTSCC along with its paired apparently adjacent normal tissue samples (n=10). Top upregulated protein was validated using another independent set of tissue samples by Immunohistochemistry (n=346), comprising of retrospective early stage OTSCC (n=150) and prospective series of oral pre-cancers, normal and oral cancers (n=195). For further validation of protein expression, saliva samples collected from Oral Cancer and pre-cancer samples were analysed by ELISA (n=80). Results: We found vimentin, the mesenchymal protein to be the most upregulated protein in tongue tumour tissues compared to adjacent apparent normal tissues. Vimentin was found to be significantly overexpressed in oral pre-cancers along with cancers compared to normal tissues. Conclusion: Vimentin detection in saliva can be useful diagnostic test to detect oral precancers that may have malignant potential needing closer follow up. Salivary ELISA for vimentin can additionally be useful for disease monitoring in oral cancers.
“Thermal Eraser” to Mitigate Screening Current by Optimal Control on Spatial Temperature Distribution in a High Temperature Superconductor Magnet
Authors: Bang Jeseok , Kim Jaemin , Lee Jung Tae , Kim Geonyoung , Park Jeonghwan , Park Seong Hyeon , Noguchi So , Hahn Seungyong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The so-called “screening current” in high temperature superconductor (HTS) is a well-known phenomenon that has detrimental effects on performance of an HTS magnet. To date, many research efforts have been devoted to suppressing screening current in an HTS magnet. Here we report a customized electric-heater, named “Thermal Eraser”, to mitigate the screening current. The key idea is to optimally control spatial temperature distribution in an HTS magnet using the customized heater and the consequent temperature-dependent local critical current of HTS wires of the magnet. To validate the idea, a Thermal Eraser was designed, constructed, and installed in an actual single-pancake HTS coil. And the Thermal Eraser plus test coil system was operated at temperatures ranging 7-40 K in our in-house conduction-cooling cryogenic facility. The feasibility of the Thermal Eraser was demonstrated in terms of two aspects: 1) creation of the designated spatial temperature distribution within the HTS test coil as designed; and 2) quantitative evaluation of its effectiveness to mitigate screening current using both experimental and numerical results. We confirmed that the screening current induced field in the test coil was reduced by 0.6 mT after activation of the Thermal Eraser, which implies 60% reduction of screening current in the HTS test coil. The results demonstrate that the Thermal Eraser is a viable option to effectively reduce the screening current in an HTS magnet.
Use of Non-invasive Ventilation in Motor Neuron Disease – A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Walsh Laura J , Deasy Kevin F , Gomez Fernando , O’Sullivan Elizabeth , Eustace Joseph , Ryan Aisling M , Murphy Desmond M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Motor neuron disease (MND) is a neurodegenerative disorder which leads to progressive muscle weakness including respiratory muscle function decline. The introduction of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has been shown to improve quality of life, survival and slow the rate of pulmonary function decline. Better compliance with the machine (using it for greater than 4 hours per day) has been shown to have the greatest long-term benefit. Methods A retrospective chart analysis of patients who attended the MND clinic from 2014-2019 at a tertiary-referral, academic, teaching hospital was carried out to evaluate if NIV and greater compliance with NIV was associated with improved survival. Information regarding NIV use, compliance, pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and basic patient demographics was collected. In total 111 patients were included in the study. Results The mean age at diagnosis was 63.8 years and 61.3% were males. 66.7% of our patient cohort used NIV and of this 44.1% were compliant. There was a statistically significant longer survival in those who used NIV (P=0.002) and in those who used NIV optimally (P=0.02) when both groups were compared to those who did not use NIV. In the bulbar MND group those who were compliant with NIV survived longer than who those who did not use NIV (P=0.001). Patients with bulbar onset MND had worse SNIP and peak cough flow values at diagnosis.Conclusion We found a significantly longer survival with the use of NIV, the use of NIV optimally and with use of NIV in those with bulbar onset MND compared to those who did not use NIV.
Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification Reveal an Protective Role of Jiedu Tongluo Tiaogan Formula on INS-1 Cells and HepG2 Cells From High Glucose-mediated Injury via the PI3K/Akt Pathways
Authors: Zhang Qi , Piao Chunli , Jin Wenqi , Jin De , Wang Han , Tang Cheng , Zhao Xiaohua , Zhang Naiwen , Gao Shengnan , Lian Fengmei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: T2DM is considered to be a chronic low-grade inflammatory disease, because of its high morbidity and mortality, diabetes poses a tremendous potential threat to public health. Our previous studies have shown that a traditional Chinese medicine formula, Jiedu Tongluo Tiaogan Formula (JDTL) exerts favorable hypoglycemic effect, however, its molecular mechanism and the interaction among various components need to be further elucidated. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of JDTL in the treatment of T2DM using an integrated strategy of system pharmacology, bioinformatics analysis, and experimental verification. Materials and Methods: First, the compounds of JDTL were searched from public databases, and the "compound-target " network was constructed to predict the potential active components and targets. Subsequently, bioinformatics analysis was used to identify potential targets and signaling pathways, including PPI, GO pathways and KEGG pathways. Finally, the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of JDTL were verified by molecular docking and cell experiments. Results: Analysis by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment revealed that these targets were associated with lipopolysaccharide, membrane microdomain, cytokine receptor binding, and JDTL could regulate the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Furthermore, we have proved that JDTL could improve the mRNA expression and protein expression of IRS1, AKT, and PI3K in the INS-1 cell and HepG2 cells. Conclusion: The present study elucidated the active ingredients, potential targets, and molecular mechanism of JDTL in the treatment of T2DM, and revealed the characteristics of JDTL in multi-component, multi-target and multi-channel. It also provided an important scientific basis for new drug development and mechanism research of T2DM.
A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial of the Peer Tree Digital Intervention Targeting Loneliness Iin Young People: A Study Protocol
Authors: Lim Michelle H , Thurston Lily , Eres Robert , Rodebaugh Thomas L , Alvarez-Jimenez Mario , Penn David L , Kostakos Vassilis , Gleeson John FM 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Young people are vulnerable to experiencing problematic levels of loneliness which can lead to poor mental health outcomes. Loneliness is a malleable treatment target and preliminary evidence has shown that it can be addressed with digital platforms. Peer Tree is a strengths-based digital smartphone application aimed at reducing loneliness. The study aim is to reduce loneliness, and assess the acceptability, usability, and feasibility of Peer Tree in young people enrolled at university. Methods: This will be a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing a strengths-based digital smartphone application (Peer Tree) with a treatment as usual (TAU) condition. Forty-two young people enrolled at university will be recruited for this pilot RCT. Participants with suicidality risk, acute psychiatric symptoms in the past month, or a current diagnosis of a mood or social anxiety disorder will be excluded. Allocation will be made on a 1:1 ratio and will occur after the initial baseline assessment. Assessments are completed at baseline, post-intervention, and at follow-up. Participants in the TAU condition complete the same three assessment sessions. The primary outcomes of the study will be self-reported loneliness as well as the acceptability, usability, feasibility and safety of Peer Tree. Depression, social anxiety, and quality of life variables will also be measured as secondary outcomes. Discussion: This trial will report the findings of implementing Peer Tree, a smartphone application aimed at reducing loneliness in university students. Findings from this trial will highlight the initial efficacy, acceptability and feasibility of using digital positive psychology interventions to reduce subthreshold mental health concerns. Findings from this trial will also describe the safety of Peer Tree as a digital tool. Results will contribute evidence for positive psychology interventions to address mental ill-health.Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry, ACTRN12619000350123. Registered 6th March 2020
Genetic diversity assessment of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates of patients with tuberculosis in Karaj, Iran
Authors: Farnad Morassa Sadat , Momtaz Hassan , Mosavari Nader , Khosravi Yahya , Tadayon Keyvan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Tuberculosis (TB) is an old issue that is presently measured as a significant challenge. Molecular characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has contributed to TB control. The present survey was aimed to assess the genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis strains isolated from patients with TB in Karaj, Iran.
Methods

Seventeen M. tuberculosis isolates from 2012 to 2013 were collected and subjected to an IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism (IS6110-RFLP) analysis. Demographically, 6 females and 14 males who had Iranian citizenship were included in this study.
Results

Sixteen different genetic types were obtained after enzymatic digestion and RFL analysis. Copy numbers of IS6110 in each isolate ranged from 0 to 12. The majority of isolates (66%) harbored copy numbers between 6 and 12. Each isolates harbored 6.9 copies of the IS6110 marker. Nine isolates harbored 10 to 12 copies of the IS6110 marker, 5 isolates harbored 6 to 10 copies, and 2 others harbored copies less than 6. No copy of IS6110 was found among the 4 isolates. No relationship was found between gender and copy numbers.
Conclusions

The high genetic diversity found amongst the M. tuberculosis isolates maybe show different sources of infection and the importance of reemerging of the TB. However, further surveys should perform to assess other molecular epidemiologic aspects of M. tuberculosis in Iran.