bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Assessment of PharmaCheck: An Electronic Screening Tool for the Prevention of Twenty Major Adverse Drug Events
Authors: Skalafouris Christian , Reny Jean-Luc , Stirnemann Jérôme , Grosgurin Olivier , Eggimann Francois , Grauser Damien , Teixeira Daniel , Jermini Megane , Bruggmann Christel , Bonnabry Pascal , Guignard Bertrand 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Adverse drug events (ADEs) can be prevented by deploying clinical decision support systems (CDSS) that directly assist physicians, via computerized order entry systems, and clinical pharmacists performing medication reviews as part of medical rounds. However, physicians using CDSS are known to be exposed to the alert-fatigue phenomenon. Our study aimed to assess the performance of PharmaCheck—a CDSS to help clinical pharmacists detect high-risk situations with the potential to lead to ADEs—and its impact on clinical pharmacists’ activities.Methods: Twenty clinical rules, divided into four risk classes, were set for the daily screening of high-risk situations in the electronic health records of patients admitted to our General Internal Medicine Department. Alerts to clinical pharmacists encouraged them to telephone prescribers and suggest any necessary treatment adjustments. PharmaCheck’s performance was assessed using the intervention’s positive predictive value (PPV), which characterizes the proportion of interventions for each alert triggered. PharmaCheck’s impact was assessed by considering clinical pharmacists as a filter for ruling out futile alerts and by comparing the final clinical PPV with a pharmacist (the proportion of interventions that led to a change in the medical regimen) to the final clinical PPV without a pharmacist.Results: Over 132 days, 447 alerts were triggered for 383 patients, leading to 90 interventions (overall intervention PPV = 20.1%). By risk class, intervention PPVs made up 26.9% (n = 65/242) of abnormal laboratory value alerts, 3.1% (4/127) of alerts for contraindicated medications or medications to be used with caution, 28.2% (20/71) of drug–drug interaction alerts, and 14.3% (1/7) of inadequate mode of administration alerts. Clinical PPVs reached 71.0% (64/90) when pharmacists filtered alerts and 14% (64/242) if they were not doing it.Conclusion: PharmaCheck enabled clinical pharmacists to improve their traditional processes and broaden their coverage by focusing on 20 high-risk situations. Alert management by pharmacists seemed to be a more effective way of preventing risky situations and alert fatigue than a model addressing alerts to physicians exclusively. Some fine-tuning could enhance PharmaCheck's performance by considering the information quality of triggers, the variability of clinical settings, and the fact that some prescription processes are already highly secured.
Phytoremediation of Contaminated Water by Cadmium (Cd) Using Two Cyanobacteria Species (Anabaena Variabilis and Nostoc Muscorum)
Authors: El-Hameed Mona Mohamed Abd , Abuarab Mohamed , Al-Ansari Nadhir , Mottaleb Shady Abdel , Bakeer Gomaa A. , Gyasi-Agyei Yeboah , Mokhtar Ali 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Water pollution with heavy metals is a severe dilemma that worries the whole world related to its risk to nature ecosystem and human being health. The main objective is to evaluate the removal efficiency of Cd with various concentrations from contaminated aqueous solution by two Cyanobacteria species (Nostoc muscorum and Anabaena variabilis). For this purpose, a designed laboratory pilot scale was applied using two cyanobacteria species (Nostoc muscorum and Anabaena variabilis), four different initial concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg L−1) for 21 days. Results: N. muscorum was more efficient than A. variabilis for removing Cd (II), because the optimum value of residual Cd achieved by N. muscorum after 21 days at (0.5 mg L-1) was (0.033 mg L-1), where the removal efficiency was 93.4%, while the residual Cd (II) by A. variabilis under the same conditions was (0.054 mg L-1), and the achieved removal efficiency was 89.13%. Algal growth parameters and Photosynthetic pigments were estimated for both Cyanobacteria species through the incubation period. Conclusions: High Cd concentration had a more toxic impact on algal growth. The outcomes of this study will help to produce treated water that could be reused in agrarian activities.
Improving Remote Sensing-based Estimation of Mangrove Forest Gross Primary Production by Quantifying Environmental Stressors: Sea Surface Temperature, Salinity, and Photosynthetic Active Radiation
Authors: Zheng Yuhan , Takeuchi Wataru 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Mangrove ecosystems play an important role in global carbon budget, however, the quantitative relationships between environmental drivers and productivity in these forests remain poorly understood. This study presented a remote sensing (RS)-based productivity model to estimate the light use efficiency (LUE) and gross primary production (GPP) of mangrove forests in China. Firstly, LUE model considered the effects of tidal inundation and therefore involved sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity as environmental scalars. Secondly, the downscaling effect of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) on the mangrove LUE was quantified according to different PAR values. Thirdly, the maximum LUE varied with temperature and was therefore determined based on the response of daytime net ecosystem exchange and PAR at different temperatures. Lastly, GPP was estimated by combining the LUE model with the fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation from Sentinel-2 images. The results showed that the LUE model developed for mangrove forests has higher overall accuracy (RMSE = 0.0051, R2 = 0.64) than the terrestrial model (RMSE = 0.0220, R2 = 0.24). The main environmental stressor for the photosynthesis of mangrove forests in China was PAR. The estimated GPP was, in general, in agreement with the in-situ measurement from the two carbon flux towers. Compared to the MODIS GPP product, the derived GPP had higher accuracy, with RMSE improving from 39.09 to 19.05 g C/m2/8 days in 2012, and from 33.76 to 19.51 g C/m2/8 days in 2015. The spatiotemporal distributions of the mangrove GPP revealed that GPP was most strongly controlled by environmental conditions, especially temperature and PAR, as well as the distribution of mangroves. These results demonstrate the potential of the RS-based productivity model for scaling up GPP in mangrove forests, a key to explore the carbon cycle of mangrove ecosystems at national and global scales.
Eco-friendly based Integrated Management Practice against Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.)
Authors: Nama Chandra Prakash , Baheti B.L. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
AimThe experiment was carried out during two consecutive Kharif seasons to test the combined efficacy of biochemicals i.e. salicylic acid, ascorbic acid and L-arginine each at 2 % w/w as seed treatment and botanicals viz. neem, lantana and parthenium leaves powder each at 5 g per plant for the management of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infecting cluster bean..Method All treatments applied as soil application at the time of sowing. Before sowing observation on initial nematode population/100 cc soil and at the termination of experiment number of galls/plant, number of egg masses/plant, number of eggs and larvae/egg mass, final nematode population/100 cc soil and yield (q/ha) were recorded. ResultAmong different combinations, minimum nematode population were observed with ascorbic acid at 2 per cent w/w + neem leaves powder at 5 g per plant followed by ascorbic acid at 2 per cent + lantana leaves powder at 5 g per plant and salicylic acid at 2 per cent + neem leaves powder at 5 g per plant.Conclusion: Results of experiment showed that application of biochemicals along with botanicals significantly reduced galls per plant as compared to untreated check.
Chondroitin Sulphate and Gas Foaming Concurrently Improve Articular Cartilage Regeneration in Electrospun Poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)/Silk Fibroin Based Scaffolds
Authors: Chen Yujie , Xu Wei , Shafiq Muhammad , Song Daiying , Xie Xianrui , Yuan Zhengchao , Newehy Mohamed EL , Hamshary Hany EL , Morsi Yosry , Liu Yu , Mo Xiumei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Degenerated cartilage tissues remain a burgeoning issue to be tackled, while bioactive engineering products available for optimal cartilage regeneration are scarce. In the present study, two-dimensional (2DS) poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)/silk fibroin (PLCL/SF)-based scaffolds were fabricated by conjugate electrospinning method, and then cross-linked with chondroitin sulfate (CS) to further enhance their mechanical and biological performance. Afterwards, three-dimensional PLCL/SF scaffolds (3DS) and CS-crosslinked three-dimensional scaffolds (3DCSS) with tailored size were successfully fabricated by in situ gas foaming in a confined mold and subsequently freeze-dried. Gas-foamed scaffolds exhibited high porosity, rapid water absorption, and stable mechanical properties. While all of the scaffolds exhibited excellent cytocompatibility in vitro; 3DCSS showed better cell seeding efficiency and chondro-protective effect as compared to the other scaffolds. Histological analysis of chondrocytes-seeded constructs after cultivation for up to 6 weeks in vitro also confirmed that 3DCSS scaffolds supported the formation of cartilage-like tissues along with the more secretion of cartilage-specific extracellular matrix than that of the other groups. The reparative potential of 3DCSS was further evaluated in an articular cartilage defect model in rabbits, which exhibited a well-integrated boundary and attenuated inflammation demonstrating less expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Taken together, the engineered biomimetic 3DCSS may provide a well-suited therapeutic option for cartilage tissue regeneration applications.
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-related Classification for Prognosis Prediction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Genhao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Cancer cells under ER stress are common in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and ER stress is strongly associated with poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to discover credible biomarkers for predicting prognosis of HCC based on ER stress-related genes (ERSRGs). Methods: Univariate Cox regression was performed to calculate the association between ERSRGs and survival outcomes of HCC patients in TCGA. Then LASSO-Cox regression strategy and stepwise Cox regression examination were performed to investigate the quality and establish the prognostic characteristics associated with prognosis. Finally, the model was subsequently validated in two additional independent HCC cohorts.Results: A novel seven-gene prognostic risk model based on ERSRGs was constructed and exhibited superior accuracy in forecasting the survival outcomes and 1-, 2-, 3- year survival rate of HCC patients. qRT-PCR was performed to validate the prognostic risk model in an independent clinical cohort containing 59 HCC patients and the results revealed that this signature had a good prognostic performance. Moreover, we found ER stress could affect the immune microenvironment in HCC and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment was more effective for patients in high-risk subgroup. In addition, we identified 103 tumor-sensitive drugs in the CellMiner database that may be available for the treatment of HCC patients targeting ER stress and constructed a nomogram combining ER stress-related feature, TNM stage, age and gender. Conclusions: Our seven genetic risk model associated with ER stress can accurately predict survival outcome in HCC patients and facilitate the selection of the best individualized treatment targeting ER stress.
Revised Morphological Characteristics of Species of Two Ostracod Genera Loxoconcha Sars, 1866 (Loxoconchidae) and Xestoleberis Sars, 1866 (Xestoleberididae)
Authors: Le Doan Dung 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Total 23 species of the genus Loxoconcha and 21 species of the genus Xestoleberis were presented in this study. A scanning electron microscope for observing muscle scars of the carapaces, and a stereoscopic microscope for dissecting, observing and sketching the appendages were used. The results show that most species of the genus Loxoconcha consist of four adductor scars to arrange in a curved sub-vertical row and concave anteriorly, except L. pulchra carrying five, in which the top one is divided into two. The frontal scars with C-shape, opening anteriorly are presented in most of Loxoconcha species, however, the frontal scar with bean-shape or oval-shape is discovered in five species of L. japonica group. Most of L. kosugii bear the frontal scar with C-shape, but the frontal scar with Y-shape is found in several individuals. This phenemenon shows the close phylogeny between the genus Loxoconcha and Palmoconcha. About the genus Xestoleberis, chaetotaxy of setae on all appendages, except setae of exopodite on the maxillula is a typical character of this genus. The published fossil records and the tendencies of change in the number of setae on the maxillula and mandible among three phylogenetic groups suggest that Group A or B is an ancestor of the genus Xestoleberis, and Group C is a derived group.
Altered static and dynamic functional connectivity in subthreshold bulimia nervosa: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) study
Authors: Luo Lin , Luo Yijun , Chen Ximei , Xiao Mingyue , Bian Ziming , Leng Xuechen , Li Wei , Wang Junjie , Yang Yue , Chen Hong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Bulimia nervosa (BN) is one of the most serious eating disorders (EDs) associated with long-term significant impairment to both physical and mental quality of life. Subthreshold BN emphasize that individuals reported some extent bulimic symptoms, even those individuals who did not fully meet the diagnostic criteria endure elevated levels of impulsivity and higher likelihood of self-harm. Therefore, the current study aimed to identify potential neurobiological signatures of high-risk individuals with BN symptoms. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the differences between a subthreshold BN group (sub-BN, n = 61) and a control group (n = 51) in terms of degree centrality (DC), with the secondary analysis of the connectivity in these ROIs showing differences in both static functional connectivity (sFC) and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) with age, sex, and framewise displacement (FD) as covariates of no interest (p < 0.05, GRF corrected). The sub-BN group exhibited significantly increased DC in the left middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and the orbital frontal gyrus, increased MFG‒superior occipital gyrus connectivity, MFG‒middle occipital gyrus connectivity and MFG‒triangular part of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFGtriang) connectivity, and decreased variability in MFG‒anterior cingulate cortex connectivity. Furthermore, in the sub-BN group, a positive correlation was observed between self-reported BN symptoms and MFG‒IFGtriang connectivity. These findings implicated in reward value processing, cognitive control, and self-referential processing in individuals with BN symptoms, which provided important insights into understanding the pathology of BN.
Polygenic prediction of lipid traits in sub-Saharan Africans
Authors: Fatumo Segun , Kamiza Abram , Toure Sounkou , Vujkovic Marijana , Machipisa Tafadzwa , Soremekun Opeyemi , Kintu Christopher , Corpas Manuel , Pirie Fraser , Young Elizabeth , Gill Dipender , Sandhu Manjinder , Kaleebu Pontiano , Nyirenda Moffat , Motala Ayesha , Chikowore Tinashe 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Polygenic risk scores (PRS) can enhance risk stratification and are useful for precision medicine interventions. Here we show that African American Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS) derived PRS enhance prediction of lipid traits in Sub-Saharan Africans. Our PRS prediction varied greatly between South African Zulus (LDL-C, R2 = 8.49%) and Ugandans (LDL-C, R2= 0.043%), potentially attributable to environmental factors. Moreover, the PRS shown here had a higher discriminatory ability (AUC = 74.6%) than conventional risk factors (AUC= 67.8%) to identify extreme phenotypes. This work highlights the utility of PRS derived from relevant ethnic groups for identifying high-risk cases missed by conventional clinical factors.
Husband/Wife Joint AB Blood Group is Associated With Clinical Outcomes of IVF/ICSI Treatment in Chinese Women
Authors: Bao Xiao , Zhao Feifei , Shi Hao , Bu Zhiqin , Lang Yuling , Sun Ying-Pu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: A number of publications have been studied the relation between blood group and female infertility including ovarian reserve, recurrent miscarriage and live birth, there is a lack of literature investigating joint wife/husband ABO blood type in large cohort. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between couple combinations for ABO blood groups and ART outcomes in patients undergoing IVF/ICSI.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 30,717 couples underwent IVF cycles between 2010 and 2019. Clinical outcomes of IVF treatment was the primary outcome. History of spontaneous miscarriage, embryo quality, and birth sex, weights, defects rate were also studied. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for each outcome were estimated.Results: There was no difference in the baseline demographics between the blood type groups. There was a statistically significantly positive association between the combination of female blood type AB and male blood type AB with biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rate (OR 1.36; 95% CI, 1.05-1.78; P 0.02 and OR 1.31; 95% CI, 1.03-1.68; P 0.031 and OR 1.28; 95% CI, 1.01-1.63; P 0.041 respectively). No statistically significant difference was observed between joint wife/husband ABO blood types and high-quality embryo rate, early abortion rate, birth sex, birth weights and birth defects rate.Conclusions: Our findings suggest that husband/wife mating AB blood type may increase the success rate of IVF/ICSI cycles.
Modeling oxidative injury response in human kidney organoids
Authors: Przepiorski Aneta , Vanichapol Thitinee , Espiritu Eugenel B. , Crunk Amanda E. , Parasky Emily , McDaniels Michael D. , Emlet Dave R. , Salisbury Ryan , Happ Cassandra L. , Vernetti Lawrence A. , MacDonald Matthew L. , Kellum John A. , Kleyman Thomas R. , Baty Catherine J. , Davidson Alan J. , Hukriede Neil A. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPersistent acute kidney injury (AKI) leads to tubular atrophy, kidney fibrosis, and, if severe enough, chronic kidney disease (CKD). A common feature of AKI is the generation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) which damage cells and induce inflammation. MethodsHuman kidney organoids were treated with hemin, an iron-containing porphyrin derived from lysed red blood cells, that generates ROS in disease settings such as rhabdomyolysis, sepsis and ischemia reperfusion leading to AKI. In addition, we developed an induced pluripotent stem cell line expressing the biosensor, CytochromeC-GFP (CytoC-GFP), which provides a real-time readout of mitochondrial morphology, health, and early apoptotic events. ResultsWe found that hemin-treated kidney organoids show oxidative damage, increased expression of injury markers, impaired functionality of organic anion and cation transport and undergo fibrosis. Tubule injury could be detected in live CytoC-GFP organoids by cytoplasmic localization of fluorescence. Finally, we show that 4-(phenylthio)butanoic acid, an HDAC inhibitor with anti-fibrotic effects in vivo , reduces hemin-induced human kidney organoid fibrosis. ConclusionTogether this work establishes a hemin-induced model of kidney organoid injury and fibrosis as a new model to study renal repair and a human platform for developing AKI therapeutics.
Synthesis of ZrO2-Al2O3 Composite Beads by Wet Titration Technology
Authors: Peng Dasong , Wang Xiaodong , yanchao Ren 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this work, based on the wet titration technology, an innovative method to prepare the ZrO2-Al2O3 composite beads which can greatly improve the bead properties is proposed. Using this process, the ZrO2-Al2O3 composite beads samples with different proportions of alumina component were prepared and tested. The bulk density test results show that the new method can prepare the beads with high compactness and without containing pores. The hardness test results show that the hardness of the composite beads is higher than zirconia beads without adding alumina. The SEM analyses show that the average grain size of the composite beads is about 180 nm, much smaller than the beads prepared by conventional rolling process. The XRD results show that there is no monoclinic phase in the composite beads after sintering at 1250 ℃. The EDS analyses show that the aluminum element exists in composite beads and the alumina grains are evenly distributed. Furthermore, the sintering temperature using this new process can achieve low-temperature sintering which is about 1250 ℃ much lower than the sintering temperature of conventional rolling process.
IMPARTER, Phase 1 of an intervention to improve patients’ understanding of gene expression profiling tests in breast cancer
Authors: Fallowfield Lesley Jean , Farewell Daniel , Jones Hywel , May Shirley Lesley , Catt Susan Lesley , Starkings Rachel Lesley , Jenkins Valerie Lesley 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To compare participants’ knowledge about Gene Expression Profiling (GEP) tests and recurrence risks after reading an information leaflet with that following viewing of an information film.
Methods
Using a randomised cross-over design, at time-point one (T1) women aged 45–75 years without breast cancer, either read leaflets or watched information films about Oncotype DX or Prosigna tests. Participants answered nine questions assessing knowledge, (maximum score 18). Next day information in the opposite modality was provided and knowledge re-assessed. Additional questions probed which format was easiest to understand, participants’ preferences for film or leaflet and their reasons for these.
Results
120 women participated (60 received OncotypeDX films and leaflets; 60 the Prosigna versions). T1 mean knowledge scores were higher following film viewing (13.37) compared with that after reading leaflets (9.25) (mean difference 4.1; p < 0.0001; 95% CI 3.2, 5.0). When participants read leaflets first and subsequently viewed films, all increased their scores (mean + 6.08, from T1 of 9.25, p < 0.0001; 95% CI 5.44, 6.72). When films were viewed first, followed by leaflets, (36/60, 60%) participants’ scores declined (mean-1.55 from T1 of 13.37, p < 0.001; 95% CI -2.32, -0.78). A majority of participants expressed preferences for the films (88/120, 73.3%) irrespective as to whether they described OncotypeDX or Prosigna. Reasons included the clarity, ease of understanding, visual material and reassuring voice-over.
Conclusion
Discussions between oncologists and patients about recurrence risk results can be challenging. Information leaflets may aid understanding but often employ complex language. Information films significantly improved knowledge and were preferred by participants.