bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A partly epithelialized free gingival graft technique in the treatment of RT2 gingival recession- A case report
Authors: Karekar Vaibhavi Deepak , Indurkar Maya S 
Published: December 2024

The management of gingival recession is a more common challenge for the patients as it affects the esthetics and causes dentin hypersensitivity. The use of the autogenous soft tissue graft as donor is considered as a gold standard treatment modality with predictable esthetic outcomes for the gingival recession coverage. In partly epithelialized free gingival graft (PE-FGG) technique the apical portion of the graft is de-epithelialized to overcome, partly the esthetic deficiencies associated with the conventional FGG.A 42 year old female patient presented with single Cairo’s RT2 buccal recession with 41 and was associated with inadequate width of keratinized gingiva. PE-FGG technique was performed after harvesting the soft tissue graft from the palate. The apical portion was de-epithelialized extra-orally with sharp blade and the graft was sutured on the recipient site with Holbrook and Oschenbien sutures. Complete root coverage was achieved and maintained at 6 months with excellent esthetic outcomes.The use of PE-FGG technique shows excellent outcomes esthetically and can be used for treatment of isolated gingival recession defects.
“Like a Great River Flowing Restless”: Fugitive Figures across (Central) American Borders in Leslie Marmon Silko’s Almanac of the Dead
Authors: Brígido-Corachán Anna M. 
Published: December 2024

Over seventy characters meet, interact, collide, and/or collaborate with one another in Leslie Marmon Silko’s 763-page novel Almanac of the Dead. Radically shaking up Western conceptions of time, history, and space, Silko’s opus follows the criss-crossing trajectories of Indigenous fugitives, actively seeking to document and confront unresolved colonial conflicts throughout the Americas. Silko’s alternative archiving process is ambitious, purposeful, and yet necessarily selective, which results in some historical gaps. This article contends that, in her envisioning of a transborder, trans-Indigenous network of anticolonial resistance, Leslie Silko renders an idealized view of the unruly South as an embryonic and fugitive space of subaltern vindications and hope that is articulated predominantly around Mexico. This is a powerful vision but one which, nonetheless, barely mentions the ongoing Indigenous genocides taking place South of the Mexican border during the 1980s in Guatemala and El Salvador—the tumultuous decade Silko spent researching and writing her massive novel. To fill such an omission, this article takes account of Silko’s selective incorporation of Southern geographies and peoples. It engages the territories south of the U.S. border that are included in Silko’s Indigenous map of the Americas, and examines the novel’s representation of Guatemalan Mayas and Salvadoran refugees, who appear as anonymous, ghostly shadows in the Mexican chapters.
Borders, Refugees, and Spaces of Amnesia: Omar El Akkad’s American War
Authors: Carmona-Rodríguez Pedro Miguel 
Published: December 2024

This paper examines Omar El Akkad’s novel American War to highlight climate and war refugees as a “ghosted community” strategically placed within what Rob Nixon terms a “space of amnesia,” and to later configure a mirror of otherness able to return to the political community a predication of its homogeneity. Then, as nation-state-centred discourses of patriotism are challenged by the making and unmaking of borders in the novel, attention is paid to the attempt to monitor the spaces of adjacency. The confinement of refugees in camps and the existence of detention centres to annihilate contemporary threats embodied in the terrorist combatant illustrate how political sovereignty relies on borders created on exemption. The multiplicity of narratives coalescing in the novel around Sara T. Chestnut helps interrogate the sovereignty that the nation-state claims over historical interpretation, while readers are invited into new spaces of ethical compromise to detect the (mis)use of alterity in the service of patriotically vested ideologies.
Istota i struktura analizy ładu międzynarodowego
Authors: Pietraś Marek 
Published: December 2024

Ład międzynarodowy jest kategorią analizy stosunków międzynarodowych na poziomie systemu międzynarodowego, a więc kategorią ontologii, ale i epistemologii tych stosunków. Jako kategoria ontologii jest dynamicznym procesem konkretyzowanym specyficznymi warunkami danego momentu historycznego. Celem artykułu jest – po pierwsze – zaproponowanie rozumienia istoty ładu międzynarodowego. Zaproponowano jego neutralne rozumienie, uznając, że jest to sposób zorganizowania i funkcjonowania systemu międzynarodowego w danym momencie. Po drugie – istotnym celem jest propozycja struktury analizy ładu międzynarodowego, w której należy uwzględnić: 1) biegunowość systemu międzynarodowego, 2) wartości polityczne, 3) normy, 4) instytucje/organizacje. Zaproponowano nowy model ujmowania biegunowości. Po pierwsze, w miejsce wyłącznie strukturalnego myślenia z koncentracją na strukturze koncentracji potęgi (dwubiegunowy, wielobiegunowy, itd), zaproponowano ujęcie strukturalno-funkcjonalne, uwzględniającego koncentrację potęgi i strategię jej stosowania. Po drugie, analiza biegunowości tylko na poziomie globalnego systemu międzynarodowego nie oddaje złożoności tego zjawiska, gdy wzrasta znaczenie mocarstw regionalnych. Proponowane jest analizowanie biegunowości jako zjawiska dwupoziomowego, z uwzględnieniem poziomu globalnego systemu i mocarstw globalnych oraz poziomu systemów regionalnych i mocarstw regionalnych.
Garum, Fish Blood Taboos in the Judaeo-Christian World and the Evolving Nature of Ancient Fish Sauce
Authors: Grainger Sally 
Published: December 2024

The consumption of a fermented fish sauce appears as a fundamental part of Roman and Greek cuisine at every level of society and, in terms of amphora distribution, it was popular and widely consumed in every region of the empire. In the late Roman period, the fish sauces that were available appear to have subtly evolved in ways that reflect different attitudes to the consumption of fish blood. Sauces fermented using indigenous digestive enzymes from the viscera are in some instances rejected and replaced with the already familiar eviscerated and aged saltfish brines. These changes, though difficult to discern, may in part be related to the Judaeo-Christian prohibition on the consumption of blood which, though normally associated with meat, can also be understood to relate to fish blood. These differing attitudes towards fish sauce in relation to blood are to be found in orthodox Jewish and Christian communities in Palestine, Syria and Cyprus. In the late republic/early empire there appears to be three types of sauce and immense differences in quality depending on the species of fish employed, presence and absence of blood and viscera, salinity and the duration of fermentation. Under the Byzantine empire there is continuity in the consumption of an enzyme fermented sauce, though not as widespread, while in the West, fish sauce had become unpopular in some quarters, and scarce in terms of trade. This period of transition between what was widespread popularity and consumption in the Roman empire to irregular scarcity in the Christian West is discussed in this paper in relation to perceptions of food prohibitions.
Over Expression of the Carbonic Anhydrase Gene Confers Salinity Tolerance with Improved Yield in Rice
Authors: Palei Manjulata , Pradhan Madhusmita , Sahoo Ranjan Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Background: Abiotic and biotic stresses impact agricultural productivity. Rice being the stable food of India; requires more scientific intervention to boost productivity. Methods: Cloning and transformation of carbonic anhydrase (CA) gene in IR64 rice, molecular analysis of T1 transgenic CA rice plants, salinity tolerance index, leaf disk senescence assay, chlorophyll content, biochemical analysis of antioxidant activities of marker-free CA transgenic lines and measurement of photosynthetic activities and agronomic characteristics of CA transgenic plants were conducted. Result: We have raised two (2) lines of marker free CA overexpressing transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. IR64) plants. The overexpression of CA driven by CaMV35S promoter in transgenic rice confers high salinity (200 mM NaCl) stress tolerance in the rice. Photosynthetic characteristics such as net photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 (Ci), as well as chlorophyll (Chl) contents were significantly (22-31%) higher in transgenic lines under salinity stress as compared to control plants. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) were significantly higher (21-37%) in transgenics as compared with VC and WT plants. Overall, the present research is focused to develop marker free CA overexpressing transgenic lines for better tolerance against salinity stress, higher photosynthesis and better productivity.
Students’ Perception on Utilizing TikTok Videos for Vocabulary Acquisition
Authors: Abidah Amelia Nur 
Published: December 2024

The primary aim of this study is to uncover and comprehend students' perspectives on acquiring and using English language through the TikTok application. The study employed a descriptive qualitative research methodology to investigate the students' perspective of learning English vocabulary through the TikTok application and their attitudes toward the platform. In addition, this study employed an interview protocol with seven open-ended questions throughout the interview phase, involving a total of ten students. The findings indicate that the TikTok application provides users with various types of English vocabulary, such as daily vocabulary, idioms, and slang vocabulary. Additionally, the study explores both positive and negative perceptions of using TikTok for learning English vocabulary, as well as the benefits that students derive from using the platform. Based on the data, the majority of pupils acquire English vocabulary quickly by utilizing the TikTok program. Nevertheless, a drawback that students frequently mention as hindering their acquisition of new terminology is the distraction caused by applications. This research aims to make a valuable contribution to the effective utilization of technology, particularly social media, to enhance English vocabulary acquisition.
Ideological Control against Heteronormativity in Forster's 'Maurice'
Authors: Raissa Rahmania Putri  , Dian Nurrachman  , Ice Sariyati  
Published: December 2024

Set in Victorian to Edwardian England, the novel features a character with a homosexual identity, prompting this research on the character's non-conformity to heteronormative standards. This article aims to analyze the form of ideological control that emerges as the heteronormative norm in the novel Maurice through the perspective of class-consciousness Marxist, using Eagleton’s Ideology theory. Ideological theory through Marxist concepts, reveals context-based analysis of how economic structures shape ideology and social change. This article uses a descriptive-qualitative method with a mimetic approach, which describes the data collected through narration and dialogue from the novel. The findings categorize heteronormative norms as ideological control into three types: those stemming from religious dogma, the hegemony of masculinity in public schools, and the discourse on sexuality. Maurice explained the causal relationship between class position in the social strata and dominant norms, impacting the characters' lives.
PRAANGGAPAN DALAM MEME BERBAHASA BANJAR DI MEDIA SOSIAL (PRESUPPOSITIONS IN BANJARESE MEMES ON SOCIAL MEDIA)
Authors: Ulpah Mariani 
Published: December 2024

Abstract Presuppositions in Banjarese memes on social media. This study aims to describe the types of presuppositions in Banjar language memes on social media, including existential, lexical, active, non-active, structural, and counterfactual presuppositions. In addition, this study also examines the relationship between memes and the social and cultural aspects reflected in them. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with documentation techniques and pragmatic analysis. Of the 47 memes analyzed, 6 existential presuppositions were found (4 existential existence and 2 existential ownership), 11 lexical presuppositions, 7 active presuppositions, 5 non-active presuppositions, 14 structural presuppositions, and 4 counterfactual presuppositions. Structural presuppositions are the most dominant, while non-active presuppositions are the least found. The results of the study show that memes often reflect people's habits, are used to satirize someone or discuss hot issues.Keywords: presupposition, meme, Banjarese, social media, pragmatic. AbstrakPraanggapan dalam meme berbahasa Banjar di media sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis-jenis praanggapan dalam meme berbahasa Banjar di media sosial, meliputi praanggapan eksistensial, leksikal, aktif, non-aktif, struktural, dan kontrafaktual. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mengkaji hubungan antara meme dengan aspek sosial dan budaya yang tercermin di dalamnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik dokumentasi dan analisis pragmatik. Dari 47 meme yang dianalisis, ditemukan 6 praanggapan eksistensial (4 eksistensial eksistensi dan 2 eksistensial kepemilikan), 11 praanggapan leksikal, 7 praanggapan aktif, 5 praanggapan non-aktif, 14 praanggapan struktural, dan 4 praanggapan kontrafaktual. Praanggapan struktural merupakan yang paling dominan, sedangkan praanggapan non-aktif paling sedikit ditemukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meme sering mencerminkan kebiasaan masyarakat, digunakan untuk menyindir seseorang atau membahas isu yang sedang hangat.Kata-kata kunci: praanggapan, meme, bahasa Banjar, media sosial, pragmatis
Outcomes Following Direct Anterior Approach Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Wilson Jacob M. , Hadley Matthew L. , Larson Dirk , Ledford Cameron K. , Bingham Joshua S. , Wyles Cody C. , Taunton Michael J. 
Published: December 2024

Background:
The direct anterior approach (DAA) is a popular approach for primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, the contemporary outcomes for DAA THA need further elucidation. Therefore, we aimed to describe implant survivorship, complications, and clinical outcomes after DAA THA.

Methods:
From our multi-institutional total joint registry, 3,184 patients who had undergone 3,698 primary DAA THA between 2010 and 2019 were identified. The identified patients had a mean age of 65 years and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 29 kg/m2, and 53% of patients were female. The indications for revision and reoperation and the incidence of complications were collected and analyzed. Potential risk factors, including age, sex, BMI, and high-volume compared with low-volume operating surgeons, were examined. Descriptive statistics and Kaplan-Meier survivorship with Cox regression analyses were performed.

Results:
At 10 years following primary DAA THA, the cohort had 96% (95% confidence interval [CI], 95% to 98%) survivorship free of any revision and 94% (95% CI, 92% to 96%) survivorship free of any reoperation. The leading indications for revision were periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) (n = 24; 5-year cumulative incidence, 0.93% [95% CI, 0.6% to 1.5%]), periprosthetic fracture (n = 20; 5-year cumulative incidence, 0.62% [95% CI, 0.4% to 1.0%]), and aseptic loosening (n = 14; 11 femoral, 3 acetabular; 5-year cumulative incidence, 0.84% [95% CI, 0.5% to 1.5%]). A BMI of ≥40 kg/m2 was found to be significantly associated with PJI (hazard ratio [HR], 6.4; p < 0.001), reoperation (HR, 3.5; p < 0.001), and nonoperative complications (HR, 2.3; p = 0.018). Survivorship free of recurrent instability was 99.6% (95% CI, 99.4% to 99.8%) at 5 and 10 years, and the cumulative incidence of revision for instability was 0.14% at 5 years.

Conclusions:
In one of the largest published series to date, survivorship following DAA THA was satisfactory at early to intermediate follow-up. The leading indications for revision were PJI, periprosthetic fracture, and aseptic loosening. Instability after DAA THA was uncommon and infrequently led to revision. As a note of caution, a BMI of ≥40 kg/m2 was identified as a risk factor for adverse outcome after DAA THA.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Xylazine-Associated Necrotic Upper-Extremity Wounds
Authors: Arango Sebastian D. , Flynn Jason C. , Zeitlin Jacob H. , Weir Tristan B. , Miller Andrew J. 
Published: December 2024

Background:
The rise in xylazine-adulterated heroin and fentanyl poses novel challenges to hand surgeons and a rising epidemic of necrotic upper-extremity wounds. While prior case studies have focused on particularly severe and complex xylazine-associated necrotic (XAN) wounds, the aim of this consecutive case series was to characterize the variability of presentations (ranging from mild to severe) at a single institution at the epicenter of the xylazine epidemic.

Methods:
Patients presenting to a tertiary referral center for XAN upper-extremity wounds were retrospectively identified from emergency department visits and hospital admissions between January 2021 and December 2023. Patient characteristics, clinical findings, treatment, and hospitalization-related measures were recorded. Wounds were classified according to the depth, density, size, and presence of osteomyelitis. All of the variables were quantified using descriptive statistics.

Results:
In total, 82 patients with 125 XAN wounds were included in the study. The mean age was 40.3 ± 8.2 years, and 57% of the patients were men. Of the 125 wounds, 54% had associated osteomyelitis, 78% were confluent, and 47%involved more than two-thirds of the anatomic region. Surgery was recommended for 78% of the patients and was performed in 62%, with 13% undergoing amputation. Complications rates were high (77%) and included bacteremia (40%) and death (5%). Patients were hospitalized a mean of 4.1 times and were discharged against medical advice 2.8 times per year.

Conclusions:
This study presents a broad perspective on demographic, social, and medical factors in patients with XAN wounds of the upper extremity. Given the complexity and burden of this public health crisis, early intervention is important to prevent complications and mitigate costs.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Ankle-Brachial Index Is an Effective Screening Tool for Vascular Injury in Schatzker Type-4 to 6 Tibial Plateau Fractures with Symmetric Pulses
Authors: Kantor Adam H. , Thorne Tyler J. , Dong Willie , Sato Eleanor H. , O’Neill Dillon C. , Rothberg David L. , Haller Justin M. , Higgins Thomas F. , Marchand Lucas S. 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Schatzker type-4 to 6 tibial plateau fractures most commonly occur when the distal femur is driven through the proximal tibial articular surface. This mechanism of injury can be equivalent to a knee dislocation and carries an increased risk of vascular injury. Our institution screens all Schatzker type-4 to 6 tibial plateau fractures with symmetric pulses for a vascular injury by measuring the ankle-brachial index (ABI). The purpose of this study was to describe our screening protocol and to determine its effectiveness at identifying vascular injuries.

Methods:
Our screening protocol consisted of measuring the ABI of the injured limb for all Schatzker type-4 to 6 tibial plateau fractures that presented with symmetric pulses. An ABI of ≤0.9 prompted a computed tomographic angiogram (CTA) of the injured extremity. We retrospectively reviewed all Schatzker type-4 to 6 tibial plateau fractures from 2006 to 2023 that presented to a single level-I academic trauma center. We collected demographic, fracture, ABI, and vascular injury data and examined the effectiveness of our screening protocol.

Results:
We identified 437 Schatzker type-4 to 6 tibial plateau fractures (mean age, 47 years; 59% male). There were 102 (23%) Schatzker type-4 fractures, 4 (1%) type-5 fractures, and 331 (76%) type-6 fractures. Eight fractures (2%) had a concomitant vascular injury; none of the vascular injuries were missed. An ABI of ≤0.9 had a positive predictive value of 0.250, and an ABI of >0.9 had a negative predictive value of 1.000. The sensitivity of the ABI was 1.000, whereas the specificity was 0.056. Thirty-seven fractures were in patients with an ABI of >0.9 at presentation who underwent a CTA of the injured limb for nonorthopaedic indications, with no vascular injuries identified.

Conclusions:
The ABI has frequently been cited as a valuable screening tool for vascular injury after a knee dislocation, but its application to Schatzker type-4 to 6 tibial plateau fractures had not yet been described. Our results indicate that this screening protocol is both safe and effective, with no missed vascular injuries over a 17-year period.

Level of Evidence:
Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Siphon-Like Effect in Chemical Reactions: Kinetic Basis of Bifunctional OX-ZEO Catalyst for Selective Syngas Conversion to Light Olefins
Authors: Wang Haifeng , Lai Zhuangzhuang , Xiong Danfeng , Hu Peijun , Chen Jian-Fu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Despite considerable progress in the oxide-zeolite coupled bifunctional catalyst (OX-ZEO) for ketene-mediated syngas conversion, it is still unclear how the cooperative mechanism between zeolite and oxide enables the selective formation of light olefins and how it is affected by the spatial proximity of OX-ZEO, let alone the rational optimization of the OX-ZEO catalytic system. Herein, we present a diffusion-bridged two-component microkinetic model that incorporates the calculated energetics of the entire reaction network over the ZnCrOx/MOR catalyst. This model dynamically captures the intricate kinetic behavior of this bifunctional system and quantitatively unravels the siphon-like synergetic mechanism in the selective conversion of syngas to light olefins instead of methane. The zeolite-enhanced selectivity for light olefin can be attributed to overcoming the unfavorable thermodynamic limitation to CH2CO formation on the oxide via being driven by a more favorable conversion in MOR. Furthermore, our model predicts an inverted U-shaped proximity dependence between two components on modulating the product activity/selectivity; this is due to the kinetic constraint of intermediate transfer at a physical proximity and the unexpected migration of Zn species when two components interact at the bonding level, leading to the formation of Zn[OH]+ species that trigger the undesired deep hydrogenation. Importantly, we have proposed a generalized OX-ZEO-based reaction-diffusion coupling kinetic model that essentially quantifies the optimal combination principles of two components. The predictions from our model agree well with the experimentally reported OX-ZEO catalysts, and we propose several new promising combinations of oxides and zeolites (ZnVOx, Ga/Sc-doped MOR). The theoretical understanding derived from this study could contribute to the rational design of the optimal OX-ZEO catalyst.