bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein kinase D1 induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition and invasion in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma via E‐cadherin/Snail regulation
Authors: Du Yue , Lv Die , Cui Bomiao , Li Xiaoying , Chen Hongli , Kang Yingzhu , Chen Qianming , Feng Yun , Zhang Ping , Chen Jiao , Zhou Xuedong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSalivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) is a malignant tumor, which is characterized by a higher incidence of distant metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism of protein kinase D1 (PKD1) in regulating the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and promotes the metastasis in SACC. We analyzed the expression of PKD1 in 40 SACC patients and different metastatic potential cell lines. Then, we investigated whether the migration and growth of SACC were regulated by PKD1 using shRNA interference or inhibition of kinase active in vitro cell. Moreover, the mechanism by which PKD1 regulates the stability of Snail protein was determined. Finally, nude mice were used to testify the function of PKD1 via tail vein injection. PKD1 was correlated with metastasis and poor prognosis of SACC patients. PKD1 inhibition attenuated proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT of SACC cells. Conversely, kinase active PKD1 could induce EMT and promoted cell migration in human HSG cell. Furthermore, downregulation of PKD1 regulated Snail via phosphorylation at Ser‐11 on Snail protein and promotion of proteasome‐mediated degradation, and reduced lung metastasis in vivo. Our results suggest that PKD1 induces the EMT and promotes the metastasis, which illustrate that PKD1 may be a potential prognostic biomarker and serve as a potential therapeutic target for SACC patients.
Risk Factors for Intraoperative Periprosthetic Femoral Fractures in Patients with Hip Dysplasia Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty with Uncemented Prostheses
Authors: Liu Bo , Liu Si‐kai , Wu Tao , Liu Ze‐ming , Chen Xiao , Li Meng‐nan , Li Hui‐jie , Han Yong‐tai 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesTo determine the potential risk factors for intraoperative periprosthetic femoral fractures in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA).MethodsThis was a retrospective study. Patients who were diagnosed with DDH and undergoing THA (by artificial joint replacement) at our hospital from January 1999 to December 2019 were included in this study. Clinical and radiological factors were obtained from their medical records, such as age, sex, Crowe classification, morphological features of proximal femur, and features of surgical procedure. The outcome of interest was the occurrence of intraoperative periprosthetic femoral fracture, which was recorded and classified according to the Vancouver classification system. According to the fracture status, the patients were divided into two groups: the fracture group and the non‐fracture group. Multivariate logistic regression model was built to identify the risk factors for these fractures.ResultsA total of 1252 hips were finally included. Intraoperative periprosthetic femoral fractures were identified in 62 hips. The incidence of intraoperative periprosthetic femoral fractures in patients with DDH undergoing THA was 4.95%. There were 22 patients (proportion = 35.48%, incidence = 1.76%) with Type A fractures, 38 (proportion = 61.29%, incidence = 3.04%) with Type B fractures, and two (proportion = 3.23%, incidence = 0.16%) with Type C fractures. Six independent risk factors for intraoperative periprosthetic femoral fractures were identified: osteoporosis (OR = 3.434; 95% CI, 1.963–6.007), previous surgical history (OR = 4.797; 95% CI, 2.446–9.410), Dorr Type A canal (OR = 3.025; 95% CI, 1.594–5.738), retained femoral neck length (OR = 1.121; 95% CI, 1.043–1.204), implanted metaphyseal‐diaphyseal fixation stems (OR = 3.208; 95% CI, 1.562–6.591), and implanted stem with anteversion design (OR = 2.916; 95% CI, 1.473–5.770).ConclusionsThe overall incidence of intraoperative periprosthetic femoral fractures in patients with DDH undergoing THA was 4.95%, which was at a moderate level compared to patients with other diseases undergoing THA. Six independent risk factors were identified: osteoporosis, previous surgical history, Dorr Type A canal, insufficient neck osteotomy level, implantation of metaphyseal‐diaphyseal fixation stem, and implantation of a stem with an anteversion design. Comprehending these risk factors might help surgeons prevent the occurrence of these intraoperative periprosthetic femoral fractures in patients with DDH.
The impact of CIEDs with automatic “wireless” remote monitoring on efficiency
Authors: Dechert Brynn E. , Bradley David J. , Serwer Gerald A. , LaPage Martin J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundA benefit of automatically transmitting or “wireless” CIEDs (W‐CIED) is the prompt detection of device malfunction and arrhythmias. We hypothesized that the use of W‐CIEDs would improve the efficiency of remote monitoring by decreasing unnecessary CIED remote transmissions because of the automatic detection of abnormalities.ObjectiveTo compare the frequency of patient‐initiated transmissions in patients with W‐CIEDs versus non‐wireless CIEDs (NW‐CIED) at a single pediatric and congenital heart center.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of patients with W‐CIEDs followed over a 2‐year period compared to a similar cohort of patients with NW‐CIED. All CIED remote transmissions during were reviewed for indication and outcome.ResultsThe W‐CIED cohort had 87 patients; mean age 20 ± 13 years; NW‐CIED cohort had 220 patients; mean age 22 ± (13) years. The mean number of symptomatic patient‐initiated transmissions per patient was 0.93 ± 2.65 in the W‐CIED cohort versus 0.39 ± 0.64 in the NW‐CIED cohort (p ≤ .001). The mean number of asymptomatic patient‐initiated transmission sent per patient in the W‐CIED cohort was 1.86 ± 2.59 versus 0.81 ± 1.41 in the NW‐CIED cohort (p ≤ .0001). Type of device, age, and presence of congenital heart disease were not significantly associated with the incidence of patient‐initiated remote monitoring transmissions.ConclusionsThe frequency of patient‐initiated transmission was higher in the W‐CIED cohort, contradictory to the study hypothesis. This may reflect a lack of patient understanding of the benefit or functionality of W‐CIEDs and may be mitigated by education to both providers and patients.
Effectiveness of an oral health training program for nursing professionals in India: An interventional study
Authors: Bhadauria Upendra Singh , Priya Harsh , Purohit Bharathi , Kharbanda Om Prakash , Khurana Charu , Das Diptajit , Dev Monica , Ravi Priyanka , Agarwal Deepali 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesNursing professionals form the first line of contact and are in a unique place to provide appropriate oral advice to patients. The study assessed the effectiveness of oral health training program for nurses.DesignThe effectiveness of the program was evaluated by a pre and post questionnaire assessment on 50 nurses.ResultsNursing professionals had a significant increase (p < .003) in post‐training knowledge scores compared to pre‐training scores.ConclusionImprovement in oral health knowledge of nursing professionals has the potential for translation into practice for oral health promotion of patients and the general population.
Effectiveness of narrowband UVB phototherapy and psoralen plus UVA photochemotherapy in the treatment of generalized lichen planus: Results from a large retrospective analysis and an update of the literature
Authors: Weber Benedikt , Marquart Elias , Radakovic Sonja , Tanew Adrian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this retrospective study was to compare the efficacy and safety of different phototherapeutic modalities in the treatment of cutaneous lichen planus (LP).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the chart data of 53 patients with generalized LP who had been subjected to narrowband UVB (NB‐UVB) or photochemotherapy (PUVA) between January 1997 and April 2020. Of these, 30 patients had received NB‐UVB, 18 patients oral PUVA and 5 patients bath PUVA.ResultsFifty patients completed a full treatment course. The percentage of patients with a complete (>90% clearing) or good (51%‐90% clearing) response was similar for NB‐UVB versus PUVA (86.2% vs. 90.5%; P = 1.00). The number of exposures required for obtaining a complete or good response was also comparable for both treatment groups (NB‐UVB: 28.9 ± 12.3 vs. PUVA: 25.4 ± 10.1; P = .209). Adverse events, in particular gastrointestinal upsets, were recorded in 26.1% of patients treated with oral PUVA while none were observed with NB‐UVB.ConclusionThe therapeutic outcome and the number of treatments required for achieving a complete or good response were comparable for NB‐UVB and PUVA; however, PUVA therapy was associated with a substantially higher rate of moderate adverse events.
The content of indexical belief
Authors: Lando Tamar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractI argue that a recent variation on the Sleeping Beauty case due to Titelbaum [2012a] puts significant pressure on Lewis's theory of doxastic content—the theory of content that Titelbaum and others presuppose. In particular, that theory cannot make sense of the rational constraints on credences imposed by the Principal Principle, as ordinarily understood. I then argue more generally that any theory on which contents of credences are sets of centered worlds cannot adequately represent all of the rational constraints on credences.
Observational vs coaching feedback on non‐dominant whole‐body motor skill performance — application to technique training
Authors: Sollie Ove , Holmsen Kristian , Steinbo Christian , Ommundsen Yngvar , Losnegard Thomas 
Published: August 2021

We studied the effect of peer‐ and self‐observational feedback versus coaching feedback during technique training on performance in competitive adolescent cross‐country skiers. Fifty‐four skiers (14.3 ± 0.6 years) were divided into a control group and three intervention groups (dyad practice, video, or coaching feedback), which practiced in the asymmetrical uphill sub‐technique G2 on one side (non‐dominant side), but not the other (dominant side) for 6 × 30 min over a 5 weeks period, on roller skis outdoors. High‐speed performance and skiing economy were assessed on a roller ski treadmill before and after the intervention, and a questionnaire was answered post‐intervention. The video feedback (p = .025, d = .65) and coaching feedback (p = .007, d = .89) groups improved high‐speed performance during the intervention and an ANCOVA showed a tendency for different change scores between interventions (F3,49 = 2.5, p = .068, = .134), with a difference between the coaching feedback and dyad practice (p = .05). No change was seen in skiing economy in any group. Coaching feedback ranked higher on enjoyment compared with dyad practice (p < .001) and led to higher self‐perception of improved technique compared with the control group (p = .038). Overall, feedback from a competent coach seems better than observation for improving performance in young athletes, although self‐observation through video with attentional cues seems a promising tool for increasing individual feedback when coaching large groups.
Experiences of white‐collar job loss and job‐searching in the United States
Authors: Rao Aliya Hamid 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUnemployment is a pervasive and stubborn feature of contemporary social and economic life. This review article focuses on the meaning and experience of contemporary white‐collar unemployment in the United States. After explaining the empirical and theoretical rationales for the focus on white‐collar workers, this review delves into three aspects of white‐collar unemployment: who loses jobs; what unemployment means for one's sense of self, marital relationships, parent‐child relationships; and how the process of job‐searching and re‐employment unfold for unemployed white‐collar workers in the US. Throughout, I take an intersectional approach, identifying how sensitivity to structural location in the labor market and the family can augment our sociological understandings of these important issues. I close by suggesting directions for future research.
Notifying donors when their deferral is ending: An effective donor retention strategy
Authors: Gemelli Carley N. , Thijsen Amanda , Van Dyke Nina , Kruse Sarah P. , Davison Tanya E. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe application of a temporary deferral often leads to donor lapse. Contributing factors may be donors not knowing when their deferral ends or not being contacted and asked to return. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a reminder message notifying donors that their deferral is coming to an end in increasing donors' postdeferral return rates. We evaluated the optimal time, content, and mode of delivery of the reminder message.Study Design and MethodsTwo studies were conducted with deferred donors. Study 1: donors (n = 1676) were randomized to be sent a reminder message at one of three time points (4 weeks before, 1 week before, and 1 week after their deferral ended) or to a no contact control condition. Study 2: donors (n = 1973) were randomized to three message type conditions (emotive email, nonemotive email, nonemotive SMS). Attempted return behavior was extracted (appointments, attendances) at 1 month.ResultsIn Study 1, being sent the reminder message increased odds of donors attempting to return within 3 months compared with the control group (OR:2.01). Sending the reminder 1 week before the deferral ended was the most effective time point. In Study 2, the nonemotive message increased the odds of attempting to return compared with the emotive message (OR:1.38). No differences were found between email and SMS messages.DiscussionSending a reminder message to donors when their deferral is coming to an end is a simple, effective, and cost‐effective method to retain donors.
Development of perioperative premature ventricular contractions as an indicator of splenic hemangiosarcoma and median survival times
Authors: Panissidi Amanda A. , DeSandre‐Robinson Dana M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe objectives of this study are (1) to determine whether there is an association between dogs with splenic hemangiosarcoma (HSA) and the development of premature ventricular contractions (VPCs), (2) to determine if there is a higher likelihood for dogs with ruptured splenic masses to be diagnosed with HSA and to develop VPCs, (3) to determine if the development of VPCs affects median survival times compared to dogs with benign or non‐HSA malignant splenic masses.Study DesignRetrospective case series.AnimalsForty‐five dogs.MethodsMedical records of dogs undergoing splenectomy were reviewed for signalment, perioperative electrocardiogram (ECG), hematological values, histologic diagnosis, metastasis, and survival times. ECGs were performed preoperatively, intraoperatively, and continuously postoperatively. The presence of VPCs was recorded. The data were evaluated for an association between the development of VPCs and the histologic diagnosis of HSA.ResultsEighteen out of 45 (40%) dogs were diagnosed with HSA with 13/18 (72%) dogs having VPCs postoperatively (P = .02). Ruptured splenic HSA and VPCs were noted in 13 dogs (P = .73). An association between dogs with and without VPCs diagnosed with HSA and median survival times could not be established.ConclusionPostoperative VPCs were more likely with splenic HSA. Splenic masses were more likely to be HSA if ruptured but less likely to develop VPCs. Development of VPCs does not affect median survival times.Clinical SignificanceDevelopment of postoperative VPCs may be a potential indicator of HSA, however, this warrants further investigations. Development of VPCs does not have a deleterious effect on survival.
Relationship between Processing Parameters, Product Dimensions, and Wave Strain Hardening
Authors: Kirichek Andrey Victorovich , Barinov Sergey Vladimirovich 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article considers the influence of the size of processed workpieces during their strain hardening based on the impact of deformation waves on the processed surface. For the first time, the specificity of the hardened layer formation by wave strain hardening (WSH) makes it possible to draw attention to the fact that, with equal volumes of hardened samples and processing modes, different diagrams of microhardness distribution in the surface layer are observed. The aim of this work is to establish the relationship between processing parameters, workpiece dimensions, and the WSH nature for the first time. The experiments are carried out on a specially designed bench. It is established that WSH occurs not only from the front side (along which the processing was performed), but also from the back side, while leaving the original material hardness in the middle of the sample. The results obtained form a basis for the further development of WSH technology.
Unsteady Lattice Boltzmann Simulations of Corner Separation in a Compressor Cascade
Authors: Boudet J. , Lévêque E. , Touil H. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Lattice Boltzmann simulations of corner separation flow in a compressor cascade are presented. The lattice Boltzmann approach is rather new in the context of turbomachinery, and the configuration is known to be particularly challenging for turbulence modeling. The present methodology is characterized by a quasi-autonomous meshing strategy and a limited computational cost (a net ratio of 5 compared to a previous finite-volume compressible Navier–Stokes simulation). The simulation of the reference case (4 deg incidence) shows a good agreement with the experimental data concerning the wall pressure distribution or the distribution of losses. A good description is also obtained when incidence angle is increased to 7 deg, with a span-wise development of the separation. Subsequently, the methodology is used to investigate the sensitivity of the flow to the end-wall boundary-layer thickness. A thinner boundary-layer results in a smaller corner separation, but not a complete elimination. Finally, the ingredients of the wall modeling are analyzed in details. On the one hand, the curvature correction term promotes transition to turbulence on the blade suction side and avoids a spurious separation. On the other hand, the addition of the pressure-gradient correction term allows a wider and more realistic corner separation.
Stability and Unbalance Analysis of Rigid Rotors Supported by Spiral Groove Bearings: Comparison of Different Approaches
Authors: Iseli Elia , Schiffmann Jurg 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The dynamic behavior of spiral-grooved gas bearing supported 4DoF rotors is investigated by means of linearized bearing force coefficients and full time-integrated transient analysis. The two methods are compared for a variation of test rotors and bearing geometries in a given compressibility number interval of Lambda = [0,40]. The limitations and weaknesses of the linearized model are presented. It is shown that shafts with two symmetric herringbone-groove journal bearings have their maximum stability and load capacity if the center of gravity lays in the middle of the two bearings. For symmetric rotors (la/lb = 1) the two rigid modes, cylindrical and conical, are present and are influenced by the mass and transverse moment of inertia independently. For asymmetric rotors (la/lb &lt; 1) the stability region decreases and the modes have a mixed shape. It is no longer possible to clearly distinguish between pure cylindrical and pure conical mode shapes. The two methods predict the critical mass and critical transverse moment of inertias within a difference of &lt; 7%. A quasi-linear unbalance module for rigid gas bearing supported rotors is presented, which considers eccentricity dependent bearing force coefficients, allowing to speed up the unbalance response analysis by four orders of magnitude. The unbalance module is compared with the full transient orbital analysis, suggesting that the quasi-linear module predicts the non-linear unbalance response with &lt;6% deviation for amplitudes up to e &lt; 0.5 within the complete compressibility number range.
A Novel Large-Eddy Simulation-Based Process for NOx Emission Assessment in a Premixed Swirl Stabilized Combustion System
Authors: Meloni R. , Andreini A. , Nassini P. C. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a new computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach for the assessment of NOx emission. The methodology is validated against the experimental data of a heavy-duty gas turbine annular combustor. Since the NOx formation involves time scales that are different from the fuel oxidation time, this work defines the transport equation source terms for NOx basis on a dedicated NOx-Damköhler number. The latter parameter allows to properly distinguish the “in-flame” contribution from the “postflame” one. While the former is a mix of several mechanisms (prompt, N2O-pathway, thermal), the latter is dominated by the thermal contribution. The validation phase is developed in a large-eddy simulation (LES) framework where the extended turbulent flame speed model is implemented to consider the influence of both heat loss and strain rate on the progress variable source term. The accuracy of the model against the most important operability parameters of the combustor is verified. A strong focus on the fuel composition effect onto NOx is presented as well. For any simulated operating condition, the present methodology is able to provide a limited percentage error if compared with the data, considering also different combustion regimes. Leveraging this alignment, the last portion of the paper is dedicated to detailed postprocessing highlighting the role of some key factors on NOx formation. In particular, the focus will be dedicated to the impact of the fuel gas composition and the pilot split.
Associations between grip strength and incident type 2 diabetes: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study
Authors: Boonpor Jirapitcha , Parra-Soto Solange , Petermann-Rocha Fanny , Ferrari Gerson , Welsh Paul , Pell Jill P , Sattar Naveed , Gill Jason Martin Regnald , Ho Frederick K , Gray Stuart Robert , Celis-Morales Carlos 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionGrip strength has been associated with chronic diseases and mortality. However, current evidence of the association between grip strength and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of absolute and relative grip strength with incident T2DM and whether these associations differ by sociodemographic, lifestyle and adiposity-related factors.Research design and methodsThis was a prospective cohort study of 166 894 participants in the UK Biobank (mean age 56.5 years, 54.4% women). The outcome was T2DM incidence and the exposure was grip strength, expressed in absolute (kg) and relative (kg per kg of body weight) values. The association between grip strength and T2DM incidence was investigated using Cox-proportional regression.ResultsThe median follow-up was 5.3 years (IQR: 4.7–6.1). During this time, 3713 participants developed T2DM. Lower grip strength was associated with a higher risk of T2DM in both sexes. Those in the lowest quintile of absolute grip strength had a 50% higher risk in men (HR: 1.50 (95% CI: 1.30 to 1.73)) and 25% higher risk in women (HR: 1.25 (95% CI: 1.06 to 1.47)) compared with those in the highest quintile. For relative grip strength, risk of diabetes was more than double for men (HR: 2.22 (95% CI: 1.84 to 2.67)) and 96% higher for women (HR: 1.96 (95% CI: 1.52 to 2.53)) in the lowest compared with highest quintiles.ConclusionsGrip strength is associated with a higher risk of T2DM incidence in both men and women independent of important confounding factors including age, deprivation, adiposity and lifestyle. However, the associations were stronger when grip strength is expressed relative to body weight, which could reflect the importance of muscle quality.