bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning nodes: machine learning-based energy and data management strategy
Authors: Kim Yunmin , Lee Tae-Jin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe efficient use of resources in wireless communications has always been a major issue. In the Internet of Things (IoT), the energy resource becomes more critical. The transmission policy with the aid of a coordinator is not a viable solution in an IoT network, since a node should report its state to the coordinator for scheduling and it causes serious signaling overhead. Machine learning algorithms can provide the optimal distributed transmission mechanism with little overhead. A node can learn by itself by utilizing the machine learning algorithm and make the optimal transmission decision on its own. In this paper, we propose a novel learning Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol with learning nodes. Nodes learn the optimal transmission policy, i.e., minimizing the data and energy queue levels, using the Q-learning algorithm. The performance evaluation shows that the proposed scheme enhances the queue states and throughput.
Visual impairment and medication safety: a protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Giles Sally J. , Panagioti Maria , Riste Lisa , Cheraghi-Sohi Sudeh , Lewis Penny , Adeyemi Isabel , Davies Karen , Morris Rebecca , Phipps Denham , Dickenson Christine , Ashcroft Darren , Sanders Caroline 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The number of individuals with a visual impairment in the UK was estimated a few years ago to be around 1.8 million. People can be visually impaired from birth, childhood, early adulthood or later in life. Those with visual impairment are subject to health inequities and increased risk for patient safety incidents in comparison to the general population. They are also known to be at an increased risk of experiencing medication errors compared to those without visual impairment. In view of this, this review aims to understand the issues of medication safety for VI people.

Methods/design
Four electronic bibliographic databases will be searched: MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo and CINAHL. Our search strategy will include search combinations of two key blocks of terms. Studies will not be excluded based on design. Included studies will be empirical studies. They will include studies that relate to both medication safety and visual impairment. Two reviewers (SG and LR) will screen all the titles and abstracts. SG, LR, RM, SCS and PL will perform study selection and data extraction using standard forms. Disagreements will be resolved through discussion or third party adjudication. Data to be collected will include study characteristics (year, objective, research method, setting, country), participant characteristics (number, age, gender, diagnoses), medication safety incident type and characteristics.

Discussion
The review will summarise the literature relating to medication safety and visual impairment.
Unconditionally energy stable second-order numerical scheme for the Allen–Cahn equation with a high-order polynomial free energy
Authors: Kim Junseok , Lee Hyun Geun 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this article, we consider a temporally second-order unconditionally energy stable computational method for the Allen–Cahn (AC) equation with a high-order polynomial free energy potential. By modifying the nonlinear parts in the governing equation, we have a linear convex splitting scheme of the energy for the high-order AC equation. In addition, by combining the linear convex splitting with a strong-stability-preserving implicit–explicit Runge–Kutta (RK) method, the proposed method is linear, temporally second-order accurate, and unconditionally energy stable. Computational tests are performed to demonstrate that the proposed method is accurate, efficient, and energy stable.
Mechanical ventilation-associated pneumonia caused by Acinetobacter baumannii in Northeast China region: analysis of genotype and drug resistance of bacteria and patients’ clinical features over 7 years
Authors: Zhang Tao , Xu Xiao , Xu Cai-Fang , Bilya Salisu Rabiu , Xu Wei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the clinical features and outcomes of patients with mechanical ventilation-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab), and to characterize the drug resistance of pathogenic strains and carbapenem resistance-associated genes.

Methods
Clinical data were collected from the PICU of Shengjing Hospital. Patients who met the diagnostic criteria of VAP and for whom Ab was a pathogen were selected as study participants. The patients were divided into carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB) and carbapenem-sensitive A. baumannii (CSAB) groups. The genes closely associated with Ab resistance to carbapenems and the efflux pump-related genes were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction, and results compared between the two groups.

Results
The total mechanical ventilation time and the administration time of antibiotics after a diagnosis of Ab infection were significantly higher in the CRAB group. And the CRAB group strains were only sensitive to amikacin, cephazolin, compound sulfamethoxazole, and tigecycline. Genetic test results indicated that IPM expression was not significantly different between two groups. The OXA-51 and OXA-23 in the CRAB group was markedly higher than that in the CSAB group, while OXA-24 expression was markedly lower. The expression of AdeABC and AdeFGH was significantly greater in the CRAB compared to CSAB group.

Conclusion
In pediatric patients with VAP caused by Ab infection, the detection rate of CRAB strains is far higher than that of CSAB strains; The abnormal expression of β-lactamase-producing genes (OXA-23, OXA-24, and OXA-51) and efflux pump-related genes (AdeABC and AdeFGH) is closely related to the production of CRAB.
Thrombin-activated platelet-rich plasma enhances osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells by activating SIRT1-mediated autophagy
Authors: Xu Yunhe , Wang Xiaoning , Liu Wenshu , Lu Weiwei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP) has the potential to be used for bone regeneration. However, its effect on osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and its effect on cell autophagy of hPDLSCs remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of PRP on cell viability and osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs and the underlying molecular mechanisms.MethodshPDLSCs were isolated and identified by morphology and flow cytometry analysis. Next, thrombin-activated PRP was used to stimulate hPDLSCs. The MTT assay was used to analyze cell viability. Osteogenic differentiation was investigated using alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, alizarin red S (ARS) staining, and gene expression analysis of osteogenic markers. Expression of the autophagic proteins was determined using western blotting.ResultsThrombin-activated PRP significantly enhanced cell viability, ALP activity, osteogenic-related mRNA levels and alizarin red-mineralization activity in hPDLSCs in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, activated PRP dose-dependently increased LC3-II/I ratio and the expression of SIRT1 and Beclin-1. PRP treatment also enhanced the autophagic flux. It was also demonstrated that the inhibition of SIRT1 using sirtinol or suppression of autophagy by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) abrogated PRP-induced viability and osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs.ConclusionOur study suggested that thrombin-activated PRP accelerated the viability and osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs via SIRT1-mediated autophagy induction.
Predictors of academic performance during the covid-19 outbreak: impact of distance education on mental health, social cognition and memory abilities in an Italian university student sample
Authors: Giusti Laura , Mammarella Silvia , Salza Anna , Del Vecchio Sasha , Ussorio Donatella , Casacchia Massimo , Roncone Rita 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the impact of distance education (DE) on mental health, social cognition, and memory abilities in a sample of university students during the national COVID-19 lockdown in Italy and to identify the predictors of academic performance.

Methods
Two hundred and three students (76.4% women, mean age 24.3, SD ± 4.9) responded to an anonymous online cross-sectional survey between July 15 and September 30, 2020, on DE experience and cognitive and social-cognitive variables. A short version of the Beck Depression Inventory-II, ten images from the Eyes Task, and five memory vignette stimuli were included in the survey. Descriptive, one-way ANOVA, correlation, and logistic regression analyses were conducted.

Results
Half of the student sample reported significant impairment in concentration and learning abilities during DE. Regarding psychological health, 19.7%, 27.1%, and 23.6% of the sample reported mild, moderate, and severe depressive symptoms, respectively. Correlation analyses showed a statistically significant negative association between depression and the overall subjective evaluation of DE (r =  − 0.359; p < 0.000). Changes in one’s study context and habits, i.e., studying alone at one’s parents’ home instead of studying with colleagues or alone in a university “social place” (e.g., the university library), seemed to increase the likelihood of poor academic performance by almost 3 times (O.R. 3.918; p = 0.032). This predictor was no longer statistically significant in the subsequent step when the individual impairment predictors were entered. Learning concentration impairment during DE (O.R. 8.350; p = 0.014), anxiety about COVID-19 contagion for oneself or others (O.R. 3.363; p = 0.022), female gender (O.R. 3.141; p = 0.045), and depressive symptomatology (O.R. 1.093; p = 0.047) were ultimately determined to be the strongest predictors of poor academic performance, whereas the appreciation of DE represented a protective variable (O.R. 0.610; p < 0.000).

Conclusions
The study showed a negative impact of DE on the mental health of students presenting depressive symptoms and impairment in concentration and learning, the latter identified as the strongest predictors of poor academic performances. The study confirms the emerging need to monitor the impact of DE, which occurred during the 2019/2020 academic year and will continue in the coming months, to refine educational offerings and meet students' psychological needs by implementing psychological interventions based on the modifiable variables that seem to compromise students’ psychological well-being and academic outcomes.
Agricultural suitability assessment and rehabilitation of subsided coal mines: a case study of the Dawu coal mine in Jiangsu, Eastern China
Authors: Yao Xiaomeng , Cui Xin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLand-use suitability assessment crucial is for coal mine rehabilitation planning, especially for the coal mines that have undergone varying degrees of mining subsidence. In this study, we present an assessment on the suitability of crop cultivation in the Dawu coal mining district in NW Jiangsu province, Eastern China. Distribution of local land subsidence is delineated with topographic analysis, and the weight-of-evidence (WoE) suitability assessment has encompassed various factors including the conditions of soil (e.g., acidity and porosity), groundwater level, irrigation and drainage, terrain slope, and land pollution. Consequently, the Dawu district is divided into four categories (high, moderate, low, very-low) of agricultural suitability. Collaborating with the local government agencies (e.g., Land and Resources Bureau and Agriculture Bureau), a land-use plan is proposed. In the plan, the highly suitable areas for agriculture (and the surrounding moderately suitable areas) are allocated as farmlands, whilst the other moderately to lowly suitable areas are allocated as ecological zones for restoring the ecosystem and ecological diversity. The barely suitable areas with severe subsidence are allocated as artificial lakes, which also serve as reservoirs for farmland irrigation and drainage. To protect these new farmlands from soil erosion, infrastructure such as embankment and windbreak are also included in our rehabilitation plan. Our study highlights the necessity of forward planning in coal mine rehabilitation.
Autumn migration of Ospreys from two distinct populations in Poland reveals partial migratory divide
Authors: Anderwald Dariusz , Czajka Łukasz , Rubacha Sławomir , Zygmunt Michał , Mirski Paweł 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundLong-term ringing and telemetry studies show that the Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) is a broad-front migrant following different migratory flyways, depending on the geographical location of their breeding populations. We have investigated two distinct and declining populations of Osprey in Poland, separated by only a few hundred kilometres, and hypothesised they may exhibit two different migration routes. We followed mortality causes, comparing them between migration and stationary phases of annual cycle, as well as between two distinct populations.MethodsNineteen Ospreys, both juveniles and adults, were equipped with GPS loggers in 2017–2020 in two populations in western and eastern Poland and followed on their autumn migration. We calculated the distance they covered on the migration, number of stopover days, migration duration, daily distances covered and departure dates to compare them between age and sex classes and between the eastern and western populations.ResultsOspreys from the western and eastern populations showed a partial migratory divide. While the first migrated through a western flyway, the second followed a central flyway, resulting in crossing the Mediterranean Sea in distant passes that affected the distance covered. Annual mortality reached at least 67% in juveniles and at least 57% in adults.ConclusionsWe showed that two distinct Osprey populations in Poland revealed a partial migratory divide, with one covering greater distances over sea and deserts over the central flyway. This might affect individual survival rates and contribute to a steeper decline in one of the populations. In order for this to be confirmed, more individuals still have to be followed.
Immediate implant placement following tooth extraction with simultaneous lateral sinus augmentation: a retrospective clinical study after at least 1 year of loading
Authors: Kim Bok-Joo , Kim Chul-Hoon , Kim Jung-Han 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Lateral sinus augmentation is necessary when the residual bone height is insufficient in the posterior maxilla. Immediate implant placement following tooth extraction with lateral sinus augmentation will shorten the number of operations and treatment time.

Purpose
To evaluate radiologic and clinical results for at least 1 year after loading in patients who underwent tooth extraction, implant placement, and lateral sinus augmentation at the same time.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively evaluated 35 implants placed in 25 patients. Preoperative and postoperative CBCT were compared and analyzed for residual bone height (RBH) and increased bone height (IBH), the initial torque value (ITV), and the implant stability quotient (ISQ). A comparative evaluation was performed between a 1-stage (non-submerged) group and a 2-stage (submerged) group. After loading for at least 1 year, clinical and radiological evaluations were performed to evaluate the survival rate.

Results
One of the 35 implants failed in osseointegration, and the remaining 34 showed successful results. The failure-free survival rate at 1 year was 97.06% (95% CI, 91.38-100.0%). The RBH ranged from 3.1 to 9.6 mm (mean, 5.62 ± 1.68 mm), and the IBH ranged from 3 to 15.3 mm (mean, 8.87 ± 2.74 mm). Among the RBH, ITV, ISQ, treatment period, final bone height, and failure evaluation by stage of implant placement, only ISQ showed statistical significance between the groups (p < .001). A comparison of RBH, ITV, and ISQ, regardless of group, showed that each value tended to increase, but there were no statistically significant differences.

Conclusions
Immediate implant placement following tooth extraction with simultaneous lateral sinus augmentation is considered reliable even though the procedures had been performed at the same time.
International study of 24-h movement behaviors of early years (SUNRISE): a pilot study from Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Sorowar , Deeba Iztiba M. , Hasan Mahmudul , Kariippanon Katharina E. , Chong Kar Hau , Cross Penny L. , Ferdous Shameema , Okely Anthony D. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The World Health Organization (WHO) released guidelines for physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep for children under 5 years of age in 2019. In response to these guidelines, this pilot study aimed to (i) determine the proportion of preschool children (ages 3-4 years) who met the WHO guidelines; (ii) examine the feasibility of the proposed protocol for the SUNRISE study; and (iii) assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on movement behaviors of preschool children in Bangladesh.

Methods
Time spent in physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep were objectively measured using two types of accelerometers (ActiGraph wGT3x-BT and ActivPAL4). Screen time and sleep quality were assessed via parent questionnaire. Fine and gross motor skills were measured using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (3rd edition). Three executive functions were assessed using the Early Years Toolbox. Focus groups were conducted with parents and childcare staff to determine the feasibility of the protocol. Follow-up data during COVID-19 pandemic was collected from parents over phone.

Results
Data from 63 preschool-aged children and their parents was analyzed in this pilot study. Only three children (4.7%) met all components of the WHO guidelines. Separately, children meeting physical activity, sedentary screen time and sleep guidelines were 71.9%, 17.5%, and 59.7% respectively. The proportion of all children who were developmentally on-track for the gross and fine motor skills was 58.7% and 50.8%, respectively. Parents and educators reported that the protocol was feasible except for the activPAL-4 accelerometer. Approximately, 39% of children (14 out of 37) who wore this device developed itchy skin and rashes resulting in the suspension of using this device mid-way through data collection. During COVID-19, there was a significant decrease in children’s total physical activity (− 193 min/day), and time spent outside on weekdays (− 75 min/day) and weekend days (− 131 min/day) and a significant increase in sedentary screen time (+85 min/day).

Conclusion
Only a low proportion of children met the WHO guidelines. Methods and devices (except ActivPAL4) used in this pilot study proved to be feasible and this has paved the way to conduct the main SUNRISE study in Bangladesh. Future measures should be taken to address the issue of movement behaviors of children during the time of pandemics like COVID-19.
Depression is associated with increased disease activity and higher disability in a large Italian cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Pezzato Sara , Bonetto Chiara , Caimmi Cristian , Tomassi Simona , Montanari Ilaria , Gnatta Maria Giulia , Fracassi Elena , Cristofalo Doriana , Rossini Maurizio , Carletto Antonio , Tosato Sarah 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Depression is a quite common comorbidity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and is thought to influence its severity. This study aims to estimate, in a large cohort of Italian patients with RA, the prevalence of depression and to investigate the clinical correlates of depression in terms of disease activity and disability.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study enrolling 490 outpatients with RA (80% female, mean age 59.5). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess the presence of depression with a cut-off of 11. We collected data about disease activity and disability with DAS28, TJC-68, PhGA, PGA, VAS, DAS28, SDAI, CDAI and HAQ.

Results
Prevalence of depression was 14.3% (95% CI: 11-17%). Depressed patients, when compared with not depressed ones, were found to have higher scores for TJC-68 (p = 0.011), PhGA (p = 0.001), PGA (p = 0.001), VAS (p = 0.001), DAS28 (p = 0.007), SDAI (p = 0.001), CDAI (p = 0.001) and HAQ (p = 0.001). Out of the 70 depressed patients, 30 subjects, already known to be depressed in the past, were still depressed at the time of the assessment, with only 11 (15.7%) under antidepressants. A multivariate analysis showed that male sex, higher PGA score, use of antidepressants and higher HAQ score were significantly associated with an increased risk of depression.

Conclusions
Our study shows that depression is common in RA and may affect its activity mainly via an alteration in the perception of the disease. Although its important implications, depression is still under-diagnosed and its management is inadequate.
Preparation of aerogel and its application progress in coatings: a mini overview
Authors: Mekonnen Berhanu Telay , Ding Wei , Liu Haiteng , Guo Song , Pang Xiaoyan , Ding Zhiwen , Seid Mohammed Hussein 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAerogels are predominantly mesoporous, extremely lightweight, low density (∼ 0.003 g/cm3) and thermally insulating materials. Over the years, aerogels have gained increasing attention due to their extraordinary properties (light, heat, sound, electricity and force) and application potentials in varieties of fields. Several studies have been carried out regarding aerogel preparation and its applications in coatings on different substrates. In this review, an overview of aerogels preparation and their application progress in coatings of most common substrates is presented. Attention is paid to aerogel coatings of textiles, leather, and substrates other than leather and textiles for special functionalities that could address the application progress in coatings. This review will help to inspire scientists and engineers towards novel aerogel materials and technologies to boost the industrial fabrication of flexible advanced materials.