bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Power of English in Pakistan: Exploring the Views of University Students
Authors: Asra Khan  , Hussain Irshad , Khatoon Zohra 
Published: September 2021

Pakistan is a multilingual country with Urdu as its national language. It is entrenched in one of the post-colonial effects; the influence of the English language and the power which it exerts in Pakistan with regards to the ever advancing global world. The case study aims at voicing the views of university students in a hope that their concerns are addressed at national level, which will ultimately lead to equity in English language classrooms in Pakistan. It seeks to explore the views of Banking and Finance students of Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan, about the power which English language holds and the multiple ways it is exerted. Forty (40) students, taken through random sampling technique were the participants of study. Quantitative data were collected by administering a questionnaire; whereas, an interview protocol was used for collecting qualitative data. The tools collected data in six categories namely increase in self-confidence, seeking admission in foreign universities, a marker of modernity and social class, attaining a lucrative job, basic schooling and a tag of a good student. The results of the study demonstrated that English language holds a great deal of Power in Pakistan in different walks of life as well as in education of students.
Keywords: English in Pakistan, Education, Power of English
A Bright Fast Radio Burst from FRB 20200120E with Sub-100 Nanosecond Structure
Authors: Majid Walid A. , Pearlman Aaron B. , Prince Thomas A. , Wharton Robert S. , Naudet Charles J. , Bansal Karishma , Connor Liam , Bhardwaj Mohit , Tendulkar Shriharsh P. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We have detected a bright radio burst from FRB 20200120E with the NASA Deep Space Network (DSN) 70 m dish (DSS-63) at radio frequencies between 2.2 and 2.3 GHz. This repeating fast radio burst (FRB) is reported to be associated with a globular cluster in the M81 galactic system. With high time resolution recording, low scattering, and large intrinsic brightness of the burst, we find a burst duration of ∼30 μs, comprised of several narrow components with typical separations of 2–3 μs. The narrowest component has a width of ≲100 ns, which corresponds to a light travel time size as small as 30 m. The peak flux density of the narrowest burst component is 270 Jy. We estimate the total spectral luminosity of the narrowest component of the burst to be 4 × 1030 erg s−1 Hz−1, which is a factor of ∼500 above the luminosities of the so-called “nanoshots” associated with giant pulses from the Crab pulsar. This spectral luminosity is also higher than that of the radio bursts detected from the Galactic magnetar SGR 1935 + 2154 during its outburst in April 2020, but it falls on the low-end of the currently measured luminosity distribution of extragalatic FRBs, further indicating the presence of a continuum of FRB luminosities. The temporal separation of the individual components has similarities to the quasiperiodic behavior seen in the microstructure of some pulsars. The known empirical relation between the microstructure quasiperiodicity timescale and the rotation period of pulsars possibly suggests a possible pulsar as the source of this FRB, with a rotation period of a few milliseconds.
Impact of Natal Kicks on Merger Rates and Spin–Orbit Misalignments of Black Hole–Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Fragione Giacomo , Loeb Abraham , Rasio Frederic A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The long wait for the detection of merging black hole–neutron star (BH–NS) binaries is finally over with the announcement by the LIGO/Virgo/Kagra collaboration of GW200105 and GW200115. Remarkably, the primary of GW200115 has a negative spin projection onto the orbital angular momentum, with about 90% probability. Merging BH–NS binaries are expected to form mainly through the evolution of massive binary stars in the field, since their dynamical formation in dense star clusters is strongly suppressed by mass segregation. In this Letter, we carry out a systematic statistical study of the binary stars that evolve to form a BH–NS binary, considering different metallicities and taking into account the uncertainties on the natal-kick distributions for BHs and NSs and on the common-envelope phase of binary evolution. Under the assumption that the initial stellar spins are aligned with the binary angular momentum, we show that both large natal kicks for NSs (≳150 km s−1) and high efficiencies for common-envelope ejection are required to simultaneously explain the inferred high merger rates and the large spin–orbit misalignment of GW200115.
La formation de compétences psychosociales inclusives en situation collaborative. Enquête menée dans le cadre d’ateliers d’expression créatrice à l’école primaire
Authors: Jacobs Marie 
Published: September 2021

La mise en place d’un contexte favorable au développement des compétences psychosociales permettrait-elle d’améliorer la cohésion entre les membres du groupe classe ? Ces compétences favorisent-elles des interactions sociales propices à l’inclusion de la diversité des élèves dans le fonctionnement quotidien de la classe ? Cette contribution présente les résultats d’une recherche réalisée dans deux classes primaires (canton de Vaud, Suisse) ayant participé à des ateliers d’expression créatrice. Ces ateliers visent à soutenir le développement des compétences psychosociales et à offrir des ressources aux élèves pour apprendre à vivre ensemble et à collaborer dans le travail scolaire. D’après les données ethnographiques récoltées, ces activités d’expression créatrice semblent constituer une occasion d’agir sur le sentiment d’appartenance au groupe car elles permettent de vivre une expérience affective qui est mobilisatrice.
Scientific Mapping of Industry 4.0 Research: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Sikandar Huma , Vaicondam Yamunah , Khan Nohman , Qureshi Muhammad Imran , Ullah Abrar 
Published: September 2021

<p class="0abstract">The fourth industrial revolution is progressing very rapidly. This research aims to investigate the research patterns and trends of industry 4.0 research with a focus on manufacturing. This bibliometric analysis is performed on data of the past five years (2016 to 2020) retrieved from the Scopus database. This research is conducted on 1426 articles in which the top productive countries, authors, institutions, and most cited articles were investigated. Findings demonstrated that Italy, the United States, and China are the most active countries in terms of research publications. South China University of Technology (China) has been identified as the most productive institution. Wan, J., Li, D., Rauch, E. were found to be the most productive authors. Industry 4.0 is primarily focused on the fields of engineering and computer science and sustainability is the most prolific journal. Co-occurrence analysis of keywords, co-authorship analysis of authors and countries were carried out along with bibliographic coupling of documents using VoS viewer which is the most common information visualisation software. This article summarises the growth of Industry 4.0 in the past five years and gives a short overview of the related works and applications of Industry 4.0.</p>
Recherches et pratiques, un embrayage difficile
Authors: Fleury Bernadette , Fabre Michel 
Published: September 2021

Pourquoi les recherches en Sciences de l’éducation ne fécondent-elles pas davantage les pratiques ? Pourquoi, inversement, les questions que les praticiens posent à la recherche restent-elles si souvent sans réponse ? Bref, pourquoi le monde de la recherche et celui des pratiques n’arrivent-ils pas à se connecter ? Nous nous centrerons ici sur un réseau pédagogique de formation continue de l’enseignement agricole intitulé « Enseigner Autrement ». Ce réseau pédagogique tente donc de mettre en contact des produits de la recherche et des enseignants en formation, volontaires et motivés mais non « experts » qui tentent de répondre à l’injonction à problématiser présente dans les nouveaux curricula. Une analyse inspirée de la psychanalyse de la connaissance de Bachelard s’efforcera de mettre à jour, chez les praticiens, un certain nombre d’obstacles épistémologiques qui grèvent la compréhension de ce que serait un savoir vraiment problématisé. Nous donnerons également quelques exemples du travail pédagogique qui s’effectue au sein du réseau : par quelles médiations et par quelles opérations de traduction ce type d’espace intermédiaire tente de mobiliser des outils de la recherche pour questionner et faire évoluer les pratiques. Restera alors à comprendre comment, en retour, les activités du réseau questionnent la recherche en sciences de l’éducation.
Subcutaneous emphysema of the neck as a complication of high flow nasal cannula therapy in children: a case report
Authors: Pierantoni Luca , Dondi Arianna , Biagi Carlotta , Scozzarella Andrea , Camela Federica , Lanari MArcello 
Published: September 2021

High Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) is a noninvasive technique for respiratory support increasingly used in the pediatric wards for the management of respiratory failure. Few data are reported about the safety of HFNC. We describe the case of a 3-months-old infant admitted for acute bronchiolitis Respiratory Syncyctial Virus-related and treated with HFNC for severe respiratory distress. 12 hours after the beginning of HFNC a subcutaneous swelling of the neck, attributable to subcutaneous emphysema, became clinically evident. Radiological imaging showed pneumomediastinum with air leaking up to the neck. Patient was moved to PICU where he further worsened due to a mediastinal shift requiring drainage and mechanical ventilation. He was then progressively weaned from ventilation and was discharged from the hospital. Pneumomediastinum may occur during HFNC, particularly in moderate-severe cases of acute bronchiolitis. Patients undergoing HFNC should be strictly monitored in order to promptly recognize this complication and treat the child appropriately.
Comparative Evaluation of Sclerostin Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis Patients Using Diode Laser as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planing
Authors: Pai B. S. Jagadish , Krishnan Nithya R. , Walveker Amit , Keeneri Sreedevi , Emmanuel Ansu , Krishnan Neethi R , Lira Menezes Anosca 
Published: September 2021

Aims:
Sclerostin is an inhibitor of bone formation, and laser irradiation enhances osteoblast proliferation. The objective of this study was to assess and compare the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) sclerostin level and clinical parameters of chronic periodontitis patients following the application of diode laser (810 nm) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP).

Subjects and Methods:
Fifteen systemically healthy chronic periodontitis patients (age 35–55 years) with probing pocket depth ≥5mm were included in this split-mouth study. SRP and pocket irradiation with diode laser were done in the test group and SRP alone in the control group at baseline. Low-level laser therapy application and saline irrigation were done in both the groups, respectively, in the 2nd and 3rd visits. Two microliters of GCF samples was collected from both the groups at baseline before treatment and on the 90th day for the assessment of sclerostin concentration.

Results:
This study showed a statistically significant reduction of clinical parameters in the test and control groups at the end of 3 months. Both the groups showed a statistically significant reduction of sclerostin levels in GCF after 3 months, in which the test group (125.80 ± 28.21 to 82.80 ± 9.31) showed a highly significant reduction (P = 0.000).

Conclusions:
The adjunctive use of laser had shown a beneficial effect in terms of clinical parameters and osteoblast proliferation by the reduction in the levels of sclerostin in GCF. From the observations of this study, it can be concluded that the therapeutic effectiveness of diode laser as an adjunct to SRP is having a beneficial effect and sclerostin can be used as a potent biomarker.
Comparative Evaluation of Marginal Integrity of Three Esthetic Restorative Materials – An In-vitro Study
Authors: Singh Sukhdeep , Goel Dhirja , Awasthi Neha , Khandelwal Deepak , Sharma Aakansha , Patil Seema 
Published: September 2021

Context:
Microleakage is the major cause for the failure of dental restorations, especially in Class V cavities, as margins of such restorations are generally located in dentin or cementum. Microleakage evaluation is necessary as a means of evaluation of the marginal integrity of restorative materials. This would assist in developing techniques and materials that would reduce damage caused by the failure of the restorative marginal seal.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the marginal integrity among three esthetic restorative materials, namely GC Fuji II LC, GC G-Aenial anterior composite resin, and GC Equia forte fil.

Setting and Design:
Sixty orthodontically extracted caries-free premolar teeth with Class V restorations were divided into three groups. Microleakage was measured using an ordinal scale of 0–4, as given by Khera and Chan, in increasing order of dye penetration, which was observed under a microscope.

Materials and Methods:
Study was conducted in sound human extracted premolars in which Standardized Class V cavities were prepared. Teeth were randomly and equally assigned to three groups (GC Fuji II LC, GC G-Aenial anterior composite resin, and GC Equia forte fil). Teeth were sectioned longitudinally into two halves using diamond discs and the sectioned halves of the teeth were evaluated for dye penetration under stereomicroscope.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Intergroup comparison of mean dye penetration scores were compared using the Kruskal–Wallis test along with post hoc pairwise comparison by Mann Whitney U test. The level of statistical significance was set at 0.05.

Results and Conclusion:
All the three groups (GC Fuji II LC, GC G-Aenial anterior composite resin, and GC Equia forte fil) tested showed microleakage at the tooth restoration interface. It was evident that microleakage was found to be highest with the Fuji II LC, both at occlusal and cervical levels. GC Equia forte exhibited the best performance in limiting microleakage around the restoration margins.
Platelet Indices be a New Biomarker for Periodontal Disease
Authors: Mutthineni Ramesh Babu , Ramishetty Arpita , Gojja Prathibha , Muralidaran Gayathri , Burle V. V. Alekya 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Platelets play an important role in inflammation and hemostasis. Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease, is linked to an increase in platelet activation leading to increased risk for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.

Aim:
The aim was to evaluate whether platelet indices (mean platelet volume [MPV], platelet distribution width [PDW], and plateletcrit [PCT]) can be a biomarker for determining the severity of periodontal disease and to assess the relation between platelet indices in patients with periodontitis and healthy controls.

Materials and Methods:
The study included 3 groups – moderate periodontitis, severe periodontitis, and systemically healthy controls without periodontitis. Clinical parameters recorded were clinical attachment level and probing pocket depth and venous blood samples were drawn for the analysis of MPV, PDW, and PCT.

Results:
ANOVA test with post hoc Tukey's test was used to compare among 3 groups. Statistical analysis of platelet indices was done using sample t-test. The mean values of MPV, PDW, and PCT gradually increased from normal to severe periodontitis.

Conclusion:
Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory process, causes not only increase in the quantity of platelets but also causes platelet activation which leads to change in platelet size, platelet shape, and platelet aggregation. As periodontitis causing platelet activation which seems to be a contributing factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases.
Evaluation of Radiation Exposure in Open Dental Clinics Using Thermoluminescence Dosimeters and Questionnaires
Authors: Basheer Bahija T. , Allahim Renad I. , Alarfaj Samar S. , Alkharashi Tala A. , Fallatah Amal A. , Alqahtani Amerah S. , Aljarallah Shuruq S. 
Published: September 2021

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate radiation exposure in dental open clinics in King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) using thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) to check if it exceeds the annual assigned exposure limit and to assess students' practices regarding radiation protection measures and their knowledge regarding the application of digital remote-control settings and TLDs.

Materials and Methods:
This pilot institutional-based observational study was conducted among the clinical year students and interns at KSAU-HS College of Dentistry open clinical areas using TLDs and questionnaires. Sixteen lithium fluoride TLDs (TLD-100) were distributed evenly in the clinical areas occupied by clinical year dental students and interns for 24 working days from September 15 to October 20, 2019. Each TLD was labeled with a serial number and fixed at the assigned clinic of each specialty. The TLDs were placed in a zigzag manner at the right corner of the selected clinic to prevent overlapping of the area coverage by each dosimeter.

Results:
The mean monthly TLD readings were found to be 69.265 uSv with a higher mean value in the female clinical area (74.2975 uSv) than the male clinical area (64.234 uSv). Taking into account the 8 months of clinical exposure during the academic year, the expected annual radiation exposure would be 0.554 mSv which is significantly lower than the annual limit of radiation exposure recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, i.e., 1 mSv.

Conclusion:
TLD readings concluded that radiation exposure was within safe limits with an estimation of 0.544 mSv per year. However, students require further education regarding protective and safety measures and the utilization of radiation equipment.

Clinical Significance:
The lack of studies regarding the amount of radiation exposure from dental imaging and the safety of intraoral radiographic machines present in open clinics in any educational institute necessitates conducting this kind of study.
A Novel Technique to Guide the Mandible to Centric Relation
Authors: Sushma R. , Joshi Anand G , Sanyal Pronob Kumar 
Published: September 2021

Background:
A new and innovative technique to guide the mandible to centric relation.

Aim:
To design an innovative technique to guide the mandible into centric relation.

Objective:
To achieve the centric relation in an easy way.

Materials and Methods:
With some modification on the denture base the tongue is assisted to the posterior part of the palate thus guiding the mandible to centric relation.

Results:
This technique guides the mandible to centric relation.

Conclusion:
The Mandible is guided to the centric relation by this technique.
KESUKARAN PERMOHONAN ZAKAT DALAM KALANGAN PENDUDUK FLAT KOS RENDAH DI KAWASAN PARLIMEN BATU, LEMBAH PANTAI DAN SETIAWANGSA
Authors: Mohd Zaki Muhammad Adib , Mohd Noor Mohd Ali , Wahid Hairunnizam , Muhamad Sham Muhammad Syafiq 
Published: September 2021

Poverty and the denied rights of low-cost flats residents, particularly in Kuala Lumpur, have become heated topics discussed among academicians and politicians. The main purpose of this study is to identify the contributing factors towards the ineffectiveness of zakat application among low-cost flats residents in Parlimen Batu, Lembah Pantai and Setiawangsa. The collected data is obtained through a survey form distributed to 139 respondents among the residents of the low-cost flats in the named parliamentary constituencies via random sampling together with data analysis involving binomial logistic regression. Based on this statistic, there are a few factors such as age, the application process, facilities, and zakat services. Other than that, this study proves that majority of the respondents agree to establish a committee of amil kariah at their residences to ease the zakat management, as well as the process of identifying asnaf and enhancing the quality of zakat facilities and services. Therefore, few alternatives and policy implications have been suggested in this study as a method of improvement in assisting the denied yet well-deserving group of asnaf in the area.
Abstrak
Kemiskinan dan penafian hak penduduk flat kos rendah lebih-lebih lagi di Kuala Lumpur telah menjadi satu topik yang hangat dibicarakan dalam kalangan ahli politik dan akademik. Tujuan utama kajian ini dilaksanakan adalah untuk mengenal pasti faktor-faktor kesukaran permohonan zakat dalam kalangan penduduk flat kos rendah di kawasan Parlimen Batu, Lembah Pantai dan Setiawangsa. Data-data yang digunakan adalah melalui penggunaan instrumen borang soal selidik ke atas 139 responden yang terdiri daripada penduduk flat kos rendah di kawasan tersebut secara sampel rawak dengan analisis data yang melibatkan penggunaan regrasi logistik berbentuk binomial. Berdasarkan hasil statistik menunjukkan terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi kesukaran penduduk flat kos rendah dalam membuat permohonan zakat di kawasan tersebut seperti faktor umur, proses permohonan zakat, kemudahan dan perkhidmatan zakat. Selain itu, hasil kajian ini juga menunjukkan majoriti responden bersetuju untuk menubuhkan satu ahli jawatankuasa amil kariah di kawasan flat mereka untuk menguruskan hal ehwal zakat serta memudahkan lagi proses pencarian golongan asnaf dan meningkatkan kualiti kemudahan dan perkhidmatanzakat itu sendiri. Oleh itu, beberapa cadangan dan implikasi dasar turut dicadangkan dalam kajian ini sebagai langkah penambahbaikkan bagi membantu golongan yang telah dinafikan hak yang sewajarnya mereka terima.
Flash Glucose Monitoring Systems in Pediatric Populations With Diabetes
Authors: Young Calvin , Grobelna Aleksandra 
Published: September 2021

Flash glucose monitoring (FGM) is a method of glucose testing where a sensor inserted into the skin continuously measures interstitial glucose levels. It can be used by people with diabetes to inform treatment decisions, such as insulin dosing, as an alternative or complement to blood glucose testing.
Evidence of variable quality from 2 randomized controlled trials and 8 non-randomized studies, including those summarized within systematic reviews, suggests that FGM may improve quality of life, patient satisfaction, diabetes distress, self-efficacy, and frequency of glucose monitoring compared to self-monitoring blood glucose techniques in pediatric populations with type 1 diabetes. Findings related to other outcomes, such as hemoglobin A1C, glucose time in range metrics, and adverse events were mixed or inconclusive (i.e., in some studies the use of FGM was associated with improved outcomes, while in other studies it was not).
While the results summarized in this report generally suggest that the use of FGM is associated with improved clinical outcomes in pediatric populations with type 1 diabetes, the limitations of the included literature should be considered when interpreting these findings.
No studies were identified that compared the clinical effectiveness of FGM systems with hypoglycemic, hyperglycemia, or signal loss alarms (e.g., FreeStyle Libre 2) to FGM systems without these features (e.g., FreeStyle Libre) in people of any age with diabetes requiring insulin therapy.