bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Second Bite at the Cherry
Authors: Nuridzhanian Gaiane 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The principle of ne bis in idem, or the rule against double jeopardy, guarantees that a person is not tried twice in respect of the same matter. In exceptional circumstances ne bis in idem permits revisiting a final conviction or acquittal to correct a flawed verdict. The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC, the Court) permits revision of a final conviction delivered by the ICC while a final acquittal of the Court is accorded absolute finality. This article proposes amending the ICC Statute to introduce revision of so-called tainted acquittals, meaning acquittals that have been obtained through offences against administration of justice. Revision of tainted acquittals would allow the ICC to hold responsible perpetrators of crimes within its jurisdiction who might have otherwise benefited from unlawful interference with the proceedings before the Court. It may also discourage interference with the ICC’s administration of justice and strengthen the ne bis in idem guarantee in Article 20(1) of the ICC Statute.
A rare isolated cutaneous metastatic mass after colon cancer resection
Authors: Fong Suysen Hung , Narasimha Neethi , Thakkar Rishabh , Misra Subhasis , Thakkar Darshan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Metastatic cutaneous lesions from colorectal in origin are extremely rare, and especially without any visceral metastasis. Due to its poor response to chemotherapy, it is a poor prognostic indicator with a 1–6 month(s) death rate. Routine screening colonoscopy should be highly encouraged. This case is about a patient with obstructing, bleeding right colon mass and metastatic cutaneous soft tissue mass postcolonic mass resection. The biology and the mechanism of these metastatic lesions are not well understood, and they can be mistaken with any other primary soft tissue malignancy.
Safety and efficacy of dapagliflozin in patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: a prespecified analysis of the dapagliflozin and prevention of adverse outcomes in chronic kidney disease (DAPA-CKD) trial
Authors: Wheeler David C , Jongs Niels , Stefansson Bergur V , Chertow Glenn M , Greene Tom , Hou Fan Fan , Langkilde Anna Maria , McMurray John J V , Rossing Peter , Nowicki Michal , Wittmann István , Correa-Rotter Ricardo , Sjöström C David , Toto Robert D , Heerspink Hiddo J L ,   DAPA-CKD Trial Committees and Investigators
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
Despite renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blockade and immunosuppressive treatment, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) often progresses to kidney failure. The objective of this prespecified analysis of the dapagliflozin and prevention of adverse outcomes in chronic kidney disease trial (DAPA-CKD) was to assess efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin in a small subgroup of participants with FSGS confirmed by kidney biopsy.

Methods
In DAPA-CKD, patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 25–75 mL/min/1.73 m2 and urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR) 200–5000 mg/g (22.6–565 mg/mol) were randomized to dapagliflozin 10 mg once daily or placebo as an adjunct to standard care and followed for median 2.4 years. The primary composite endpoint was sustained eGFR decline ≥50%, end-stage kidney disease, or kidney or cardiovascular death. The endpoint of interest for this analysis was eGFR slope (acute effects from baseline to Week 2 and chronic effects from Week 2 to end of treatment).

Results
Of 104 participants with biopsy-confirmed FSGS, 45 were randomized to dapagliflozin and 59 to placebo. Mean (standard deviation) age was 54.0 (14.3) years, mean eGFR 41.9 (11.5) mL/min/1.73 m2 and median (interquartile range) UACR 1248 (749–2211) mg/g. The primary outcome occurred in 4 (8.9%) and 7 (11.9%) participants randomized to dapagliflozin and placebo, respectively [hazard ratio 0.62, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.17, 2.17]. Dapagliflozin led to a larger acute reduction (standard error) in eGFR compared with placebo (−4.5, 95% CI −5.9 to −3.1 versus −0.9, −2.1 to 0.4 mL/min/1.73 m2/2 weeks). Thereafter, mean rates of chronic eGFR decline with dapagliflozin and placebo were −1.9 (−3.0, −0.9) and −4.0 (−4.9, −3.0) mL/min/1.73 m2/year, respectively (difference 2.0, 95% CI 0.6 to 3.5, mL/min/1.73 m2/year). Adverse events leading to study drug discontinuation were similar in both groups; there were fewer serious adverse events with dapagliflozin.

Conclusions
Among DAPA-CKD participants with FSGS, dapagliflozin reduced the rate of chronic decline of eGFR compared with placebo, although this difference was not statistically significant.
Three-dimensional distribution of larval fish habitats at the entrance of the Gulf of California in the tropical-subtropical convergence region off Mexico (April 2012)
Authors: Gutiérrez-Bravo Juan G , Tenorio-Fernandez Leonardo , Jiménez-Rosenberg Sylvia P A , Sánchez-Velasco Laura 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLarval fish habitats and their representative species were analyzed in relation to water mass distribution and mesoscale processes at the entrance of the Gulf of California during April 2012. Results show that the oxygenated Gulf of California Water (GCW) spread south near Cabo Corrientes, above the hypoxic (&gt;44 μmol kg-1) Subtropical Subsurface Water (StSsW), causing strong stratification. Two mesoscale eddies south of Cabo San Lucas entrapped surface oxygenated Transitional Water and sunk hypoxic waters to ~100 m depth. These conditions defined two larval fish habitats that extended horizontally over most of the study area and were vertically separated by the eddy-modulated oxycline depth: a surface habitat associated with the southwards expansion of GCW and the influence of the eddies, represented by Vinciguerria lucetia; and a hypoxic habitat, represented by the highest abundances of Diogenichthys laternatus. Results are in contrast with previous studies that recorded these mesopelagic species throughout the water column. A third larval fish habitat was associated with the upwelling area off Cabo Corrientes, represented by Bregmaceros bathymaster. This species shows high tolerance to wide gradients of dissolved oxygen. Our records indicate that a highly stratified water column could favor the expansion of hypoxic StSsW and associated marine biota.
Effects of Bisphenols A, AF, and S on Endochondral Ossification and the Transcriptome of Murine Limb Buds
Authors: Iskandarani Lama , McHattie Tessa , Robaire Bernard , Hales Barbara F 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Bisphenols are a family of chemicals commonly used to produce polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) is associated with a variety of adverse effects; thus, many alternatives to BPA, such as bisphenol AF (BPAF) and bisphenol S (BPS), are now emerging in consumer products. We have determined the effects of 3 bisphenols on endochondral ossification and the transcriptome in a murine limb bud culture system. Embryonic forelimbs were cultured in the presence of vehicle, BPA, BPAF, or BPS. BPA (≥10 μM), BPAF (≥1 μM), and BPS (≥50 μM) reduced the differentiation of hypertrophic chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Chondrogenesis was suppressed by exposure to ≥50 μM BPA, ≥5 μM BPAF, or 100 μM BPS and osteogenesis was almost completely arrested at 100 μM BPA or 10 μM BPAF. RNA sequencing analyses revealed that the total number of differentially expressed genes increased with time and the concentration tested. BPA exposure differentially regulated 635 genes, BPAF affected 554 genes, whereas BPS affected 95 genes. Although the genes that were differentially expressed overlapped extensively, each bisphenol also induced chemical-specific alterations in gene expression. BPA- and BPAF-treated limbs exhibited a downregulation of Rho-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RhoGDI) signaling genes. Exposure to BPA and BPS resulted in the upregulation of key genes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis, whereas exposure to BPAF induced an upregulation of genes involved in bone formation and in the p53 signaling pathway. These data suggest that BPAF may be more detrimental to endochondral ossification than BPA, whereas BPS is of comparable toxicity to BPA.
Cochlear Implant Compression Optimization for Musical Sound Quality in MED-EL Users
Authors: Gilbert Melanie L. , Deroche Mickael L. D. , Jiradejvong Patpong , Chan Barrett Karen , Limb Charles J. 
Published: November 2021

Objectives:
Variations in loudness are a fundamental component of the music listening experience. Cochlear implant (CI) processing, including amplitude compression, and a degraded auditory system may further degrade these loudness cues and decrease the enjoyment of music listening. This study aimed to identify optimal CI sound processor compression settings to improve music sound quality for CI users.

Design:
Fourteen adult MED-EL CI recipients participated (Experiment No. 1: n = 17 ears; Experiment No. 2: n = 11 ears) in the study. A software application using a modified comparison category rating (CCR) test method allowed participants to compare and rate the sound quality of various CI compression settings while listening to 25 real-world music clips. The two compression settings studied were (1) Maplaw, which informs audibility and compression of soft level sounds, and (2) automatic gain control (AGC), which applies compression to loud sounds. For each experiment, one compression setting (Maplaw or AGC) was held at the default, while the other was varied according to the values available in the clinical CI programming software. Experiment No. 1 compared Maplaw settings of 500, 1000 (default), and 2000. Experiment No. 2 compared AGC settings of 2.5:1, 3:1 (default), and 3.5:1.

Results:
In Experiment No. 1, the group preferred a higher Maplaw setting of 2000 over the default Maplaw setting of 1000 (p = 0.003) for music listening. There was no significant difference in music sound quality between the Maplaw setting of 500 and the default setting (p = 0.278). In Experiment No. 2, a main effect of AGC setting was found; however, no significant difference in sound quality ratings for pairwise comparisons were found between the experimental settings and the default setting (2.5:1 versus 3:1 at p = 0.546; 3.5:1 versus 3:1 at p = 0.059).

Conclusions:
CI users reported improvements in music sound quality with higher than default Maplaw or AGC settings. Thus, participants preferred slightly higher compression for music listening, with results having clinical implications for improving music perception in CI users.
Comparing and Contrasting the Clinical Utility of Sagittal Spine Alignment Classification Frameworks
Authors: Passias Peter G. , Bortz Cole , Pierce Katherine E. , Passfall Lara , Kummer Nicholas A. , Krol Oscar , Lafage Renaud , Diebo Bassel G. , Lafage Virginie , Ames Christopher P. , Burton Douglas C. , Gupta Munish C. , Sciubba Daniel M. , Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Bess Shay , Hostin Richard , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Line Breton G. , Klineberg Eric O. , Smith Justin S. , Schwab Frank J. 
Published: November 2021

Study Design.
Retrospective cohort study of a prospectively collected database.

Objective.
To compare clinical utility of two common classification systems for adult spinal deformity (ASD) and determine whether both should be considered in surgical planning to improve patient outcomes.

Summary of Background Data.
Surgical restoration of appropriate Roussouly classification shape or SRS-Schwab ASD classification may improve outcomes.

Methods.
ASD patients with pre- and 2-year postop (2Y) radiographic/health-related quality of life (HRQL) data were grouped by “theoretical” and “current” Roussouly type. Univariate analyses assessed outcomes of patients who mismatched Roussouly types at both pre- and 2Y intervals (Mismatched) and those of preoperative mismatched patients who matched at 2-years (Matched). Subanalysis assessed outcomes of patients who improved in Schwab modifiers, and patients who both improved in both Schwab modifiers and matched Roussouly type by 2Y.

Results.
Included: 515 ASD patients (59 ± 14 yrs, 80% F). Preoperative breakdown of “current” Roussouly types: Type 1 (10%), 2 (54%), 3 (24%), and 4 (12%). Matched and Mismatched groups did not differ in rates of reaching MCID for any HRQL metrics by 2Y (all P > 0.10). Reoperation, PJK, and complications did not differ between Matched and Mismatched (all P > 0.10), but Roussouly Matched patients had toward lower rates of instrumentation failure (17.2% vs. 24.8%, P = 0.038). By 2Y, 28% of patients improved in PT Schwab modifier, 37% in SVA, and 46% in PI-LL. Patients who both Matched Roussouly at 2Y and improved in all Schwab modifiers met MCID for Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) activity at higher rates than patients who did not.

Conclusion.
Isolated restoration per the Roussouly system was not associated with superior outcomes. Patients who both matched Roussouly type and improved in Schwab modifiers had superior patient-reported outcomes at 2-years. Concurrent consideration of both systems may offer utility in establishing optimal realignment goals.

Level of Evidence: 3
Coronavirus disease 2019 in immunocompromised patients: a comprehensive review of coronavirus disease 2019 in hematopoietic stem cell recipients
Authors: Lafarge Antoine , Mabrouki Asma , Yvin Elise , Bredin Swann , Binois Yannick , Clere-Jehl Raphael , Azoulay Elie 
Published: November 2021

Purpose of review
Immunocompromised patients are notably vulnerable to severe coronavirus disease 2019. This review summarizes COVID-19 features and outcomes in autologous and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients.

Recent findings
Recent findings suggest that HSCT recipients exhibit a high burden of comorbidities and COVID-19 clinical features almost similar to the general COVID population. Furthermore, HSCT recipients exhibit a protracted SARS-CoV-2 shedding, prolonging duration of symptoms and promoting the generation of highly mutated viruses. Last, most of studies report a higher COVID-19 mortality in HSCT recipients, mainly driven by age, comorbidities, time from transplantation, and immunosuppression because of both treatments and underlying hematological malignancy.

Summary
Further studies are warranted to determine the proper impact of HSCT-related immune disorders on COVID-19 outcomes, and to evaluate specific treatments and vaccination strategy in this high-risk population. Taken together, those findings emphasize the need for more rigorous surveillance and preemptive measures for all HSCT recipients.
Resting-state fMRI in temporal lobe epilepsy patients with cognitive impairment
Authors: Sun Yi-ming , Peng Yu-xuan , Wen Quan , Dai Yu , Liu Xin-ru , Yang Xue-ping , Ye Qing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
Temporal lobe epilepsy is a group of neurological diseases caused by the repeated abnormal discharge of brain neurons. Patients with this disease are often accompanied with cognitive impairment. However, the pathogenesis of the cognitive impairment remains unclear. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging is a kind of magnetic resonance imaging method based on blood oxygen level dependence. This can reflect the spontaneous brain functional activity of a human brain in the resting state. In recent years, a number of researchers have used resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging to study the changes in resting spontaneous brain function in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy with cognitive impairment (TLE-CI). However, due to the differences in sample and methodology, the results of these studies were inconsistent. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the resting spontaneous brain function in patients with TLE-CI through a meta-analysis.

Methods:
A search was conducted on electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WANGFANG DATA and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and Baidu scholar Database, from the establishment of the database to April 20, 2021. Randomized controlled trials that employed amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations/regional homogeneity to investigate the changes in resting spontaneous brain function in patients with TLE-CI were selected. Anisotropic effect size version of signed differential mapping was applied to perform the data analysis.

Results:
The study summarized the changes in spontaneous brain function in patients with TLE-CI.

Conclusion:
The conclusion for the functional cerebral alterations based on the latest studies will be provided.
Early unexpected failure of a vitamin E-infused highly cross-linked polyethylene liner
Authors: Kim Kyeong Baek , Lee Sang-Min , Moon Nam Hoon , Do Min Uk , Shin Won Chul 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Total hip arthroplasty (THA) with a polyethylene (PE) liner is 1 of the most effective and successful treatment strategies for end-stage hip disorders. Vitamin E-infused highly cross-linked polyethylene is theoretically known to prevent failure due to oxidative degradation in the body, and is resistant to wear; therefore, successful long-term survival of THA is expected.

Patient concerns:
In June 2019, approximately 1.5 years after THA, the patient sat down and stood up without any specific issue; however, an unusual bullet sound occurred around the left hip joint. Since then, his discomfort persisted, and he was admitted to the emergency department.

Diagnosis:
Plain radiography and metal artifact reduction computed tomography performed in the emergency department revealed eccentric elevation of the prosthetic femoral head and suspected PE liner failure.

Intervention:
Revision surgery was performed for modular component exchange. To reduce the dislocation risk without performing cup exchange, conversion to dual-mobility articulation was performed.

Outcomes:
During the regular follow-up post-surgery, the patient could perform daily life activities without any discomfort, and dislocation was not observed. At 2 years postoperatively, no significant changes were observed in the radiographic images.

Lessons:
This case report presents an unexpected failure of THA due to superior rim fracture and excessive wear at the locking mechanism of the vitamin E-infused highly cross-linked polyethylene liner. This is an interesting case, as early PE liner failure occurred without strong labor intensity or trauma. A modular component exchange was performed with a dual-mobility bearing, and no issues were observed approximately 2 years after the reoperation. Therefore, third-generation highly cross-linked polyethylene liners can also cause early failure without a clear cause, and this case report highlights the necessity of considering several strategies for reoperation.

Study Design:
Case report.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Cortés Olga L. , Piñeros Hillary , Aya Pedro Antonio , Sarmiento Jefferson , Arévalo Indira 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
Intra-hospital falls have become an important public health problem globally. The use of movement sensors with alarms has been studied as elements with predictive capacity for falls at hospital level. However, in spite of their use in some hospitals throughout the world, evidence is lacking about their effectiveness in reducing intra-hospital falls. Therefore, this study aims to develop a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing scientific literature exploring the impact of using sensors for fall prevention in hospitalized adults and the elderly population.

Methods:
We explored literature based on clinical trials in Spanish, English, and Portuguese, assessing the impact of devices used for hospital fall prevention in adult and elderly populations. The search included databases such as IEEE Xplore, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Science Direct databases. The critical appraisal was performed independently by two researchers. Methodological quality was assessed based on the ratings of individual biases. We performed the sum of the results, generating an estimation of the grouped effect (Relative Risk, 95% CI) for the outcome first fall for each patient. We assessed heterogeneity and publication bias. The study followed PRISMA guidelines.

Results:
Results were assessed in three randomized controlled clinical trials, including 29,691 patients. A total of 351 (3%) patients fell among 11,769 patients assigned to the intervention group, compared with 426 (2.4%) patients who fell among 17,922 patients assigned to the control group (general estimation RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.04, 1.37, P = .02, I2 = 0%; Moderate GRADE).

Conclusion:
Our results show an increase of 19% in falls among elderly patients who are users of sensors located in their bed, bed-chair, or chair among their hospitalizations. Other types of sensors such as wearable sensors can be explored as coadjutants for fall prevention care in hospitals.
Combined immune score predicts the prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients in the bortezomib-based therapy era
Authors: Wei Min , Guo Honggang , Liu Siwei , Xu Fangfang , Zhang Yin , Shi Jie , Xu Zhiwei , Chen Yuqing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
To investigate the effect of a combined immune score including the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and uninvolved immunoglobulin (u-Ig) levels on the prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients treated with bortezomib.
Clinical data of 201 NDMM patients were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with LMR ≥ 3.6 and LMR < 3.6 were scored 0 and 1, respectively. Patients with preserved u-Ig levels, suppression of 1 u-Ig, and suppression of at least 2 u-Igs were scored 0, 1, and 2, respectively. The immune score, established from these individual scores, was used to separate patients into good (0–1 points), intermediate (2 points), and poor (3 points) risk groups. The baseline data, objective remission rate (ORR), whether receive maintenance treatment regularly and overall survival of patients before treatment were analyzed.
The ORR of the good-risk group was significantly higher than that of the intermediate-risk group (75.6% vs 57.7%, P = .044) and the poor-risk group (75.6% vs 48.2%, P = .007). The multivariate analysis results showed that age ≥ 65 years, International Staging System stage III, platelet count ≤ 100 × 109/L, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) > 250 U/L, serum calcium > 2.75 mmol/L, no receipt of regular maintenance treatment, LMR < 3.6, suppressed u-Igs = 1, suppressed u-Igs ≥ 2, intermediate-risk group and poor-risk group were independent predictors of poor overall survival.
In the bortezomib era, the LMR, u-Ig levels, and the immune score play an important role in the prognosis of NDMM patients. Among them, the immune score showed the strongest prognostic value, and it could be a beneficial supplement for the early identification of high-risk patients.