bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De pedagoog als homo clausus
Authors: Heyting Frieda 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

The theoretical pedagogue as a homo clausus

The contributions to Theoretische Pedagogiek (‘Theoretical pedagogy’, eds. B. Spiecker and B. Levering, 1982) predominantly concern the question how theoretical pedagogy contributes to academic pedagogy, and the related question what characterizes this discipline. Some authors defend a specific method, sometimes as attuned to the specific nature of the pedagogical research subject. For example, phenomenological analysis, conceptual analysis, and empirical research pass review. Though each author substantiates the potential contribution of his or her chosen method, (s)he also introduces this method as disqualifying other methods. That does not only leave academic pedagogy a fragmented discipline, it also overstretches the justifiable pretensions of each method, impeding mutual enrichment of these methods at the same time. Other authors contribute by trying to ground the discipline and its methods in purported unique anthropological characteristics of pedagogical phenomena. However, they cannot solve the problems either, because they leave us again with mutually exclusive approaches and a fragmented discipline. It even becomes questionable whether we can speak of ‘one’ discipline at all, as subsequent authors keep writing as a ‘homo clausus’, culminating in the seeming incompatibility of pedagogy as a behavioral science versus pedagogy as a social science. After reading this collection, one wonders whether a more question-guided, interdisciplinary approach, open to mutual enrichment of various methods would not better serve the discipline.
Bouwlandschappen
Authors: Schmitz Erik 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Building landscapes

A drawing by artist Jan Hoynck van Papendrecht (1858-1933) can be understood as a view of the f irst buildings along Amsterdam’s Van Eeghenstraat, as seen from his rear window. The late 19th-century method of raising polder meadows for urban expansion is also clearly visible on a hitherto mislocated drawing by Gerrit Haverkamp (1872-1926) of a building site in Amsterdam Oud-West. The chronological development of raising building sites can still be acknowledged from height differences in Amsterdams urban fabric. Building landscapes are rather underexposed in Dutch historical geography as a seemingly temporary situation. However, they are an intrinsic and sometimes longer-lasting part of the landscape’s biography and deserve more attention than they have received until now.
Technical Note: Temporal disaggregation of spatial rainfall fields with generative adversarial networks
Authors: Scher Sebastian , Peßenteiner Stefanie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract. Creating spatially coherent rainfall patterns with high temporal resolution from data with lower temporal resolution is necessary in many geoscientific applications. From a statistical perspective, this presents a high- dimensional, highly underdetermined problem. Recent advances in machine learning provide methods for learning such probability distributions. We test the usage of generative adversarial networks (GANs) for estimating the full probability distribution of spatial rainfall patterns with high temporal resolution, conditioned on a field of lower temporal resolution. The GAN is trained on rainfall radar data with hourly resolution. Given a
new field of daily precipitation sums, it can sample scenarios of spatiotemporal patterns with sub-daily resolution. While the generated
patterns do not perfectly reproduce the statistics of observations,
they are visually hardly distinguishable from real patterns. Limitations that we found are that providing additional input (such as geographical information) to the GAN surprisingly leads to worse results, showing that it is not trivial to increase the amount of used input information. Additionally, while in principle the GAN should learn the probability distribution in itself, we still needed expert judgment to determine at which point the training should stop, because longer training leads to worse results.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF PADA IBU YANG MEMILIKI BAYI USIA 0-24 BULAN DIPOSYANDU MENUR 049 SAMARINDA
Authors: Wiwiek Purnamawati Endang , Utami Sri , Ding Valerianus , Tea Donata 
Published: June 2021

ASI eksklusif adalah bayi yang hanya diberi ASI saja, tanpa bahan tambahan cairan lain seperti susu formula, jeruk, madu, air teh, air putih, dan tanpa bahan tambahan makanan padat seperti pisang, pepaya, bubur susu, biskuit, bubur nasi dan tim (Roesli,2010). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku pemberian ASI eksklusif di posyandu Menur 049 Samarinda. Analisis bivariat menggunakan chi square dan fisher’s exact test. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan faktor usia ibu tidak mempengaruhi sikap ibu terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan hasil p value 0.556 > 0.05, tingkat pendidikan tidak mempengaruhi sikap ibu terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan hasil p value 1.00 > 0.05, pekerjaan tidak mempengaruhi sikap ibu terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan hasil p value 1.00 > 0.05, paritas tidak mempengaruhi sikap ibu terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan hasil p value 0,605 > 0.05. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling berjumlah 39 responden.. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen penelitian yaitu angket berupa kuesioner
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN TERHADAP MOTIVASI DALAM MENCUCI TANGAN DALAM PENANGGULANGAN COVID-19 DI ERA PANDEMI
Authors: Ola Fransiska 
Published: June 2021

Latar Belakang: Pandemi Covid-19 melanda Indonesia sejak bulan Maret 2020 dan di seluruh dunia. Dampak Pandemik Covid-19 sudah di lakukan pemerintah dan seluruh elemen masyarakat. Sangat di harapkan masyarakat berperan aktif dalam penanggulangan pencegahan covid-19 dengan cara menggunakan masker, menjaga jarak, mencuci tangan dengan baik dan benar di bawah air mengair serta melakukan social dictancing dengan cara menjauhi kerumunan dan menjaga jarak. Tujuan : Membahas pengetahuan terhadap motifasi mencuci tangan di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Metode:Penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Rancangan penelitian adalah survey analitik dengan cara penyebaran kuisioner melalui online dengan media Whatshap grup. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dengan cara total sampling. Pengolahan data menggunakan analisis korelasi spearman rank. Hasil : Hasil perhitungan distribusi pengetahuan mencuci tanngan 100% tidak baik, motifasi mencuci tangan 100% tidak pernah di lakukan. Hasil pengujian koefisien korelasi spearman rank 0,00 dengan kooefisien tingkat hubungan sangat rendah Kesimpulan: Kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan terhadap motivasi mencuci tangan di dalam di kampus X Kota Samarinda dalam penanggulan Covid-19 di Era Pandemic.
Weaponised Information : The role of information and metaphor in Buffy the Vampire Slayer
Authors: Ericson Jacob A 
Published: June 2021

Joss Whedon’s hit television show, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, presents a world of everyday teenage angst masked by a veil of horror. This paper explores how information and librarianship function in the world of Buffy the Vampire Slayer. To do this, this paper breaks down the prevailing metaphors present in the show’s setting, such as how High school is portrayed as hell and monsters are teenage anxieties given life. Then this paper explores the role of the librarian in Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Finally, witchcraft is analyzed as an information management system and a force of weaponized information. The end conclusion is that, in Buffy the Vampire Slayer, information is a crucial weapon to not only defeating evil but also contending with the day to day struggles of everyday life.
Investigation of Scale Effects in Sailing Yacht Performance Prediction by Experimental Methods
Authors: Insel Mustafa , Saydam Ziya 
Published: June 2021

A substantial amount of research has been carried out in the past to enhance the testing techniques and to increase the accuracy associated with tank testing of sailing yachts. The majority of this work was associated with high budgeted campaigns; large models, long waiting times and high budgets became standard practice in the field. This led to lack of accessibility for low budgeted campaigns and for designers of ordinary sailing yachts to these tests.
A research study has been initiated to investigate the scale effects associated with tank testing of sailing yachts. The intention has been to make best use of modern experimental and computational methods to understand the scale effects in conjunction with systematic tank tests. Both viscous and wave components were considered for investigation of scale effects in sailing yacht performance prediction. Four different scale models ranging from 1/4 to 1/10 of a TP52 yacht have been tested in the towing tank in upright and heeled condition while full, half and quarter scale computational analysis have been carried out with a RANS code. The wave pattern measurements were conducted for all upright and heeled cases with the use of three wave probes on each side. Variation of drag, side force, running attitude and wave pattern have been investigated. This paper focuses on the experimental investigations both in the upright and heeled conditions.
Sufficient Dimension Reduction
Authors: Li Lexin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSufficient dimension reduction (SDR) embodies a family of ideas and methods that aim for reduction of dimensionality without loss of information in a regression setup. This article provides an overview of SDR, including its definition and core concepts, the representative estimation methods, and its connections with variable selection, semiparametric models, and other dimension reduction methods. The article also gives a brief survey of recent development and applications of SDR.
The relation between young adults' trust beliefs in others and interpersonal hostility
Authors: Rotenberg Ken J. , Manley Emma , Walker Katie M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe research examined whether, and if so how, young adults' trust beliefs in others were associated with interpersonal hostility. The participants in Study 1 were 139 young adults from the UK (76 women; Mage = 20.8). In Study 2, 88 young adult women from the UK (Mage = 21.5) served as participants. The participants completed a standardized measure of trust beliefs in others (total with reliability, honesty, and emotional subscales). In Study 1, participants imagined they were victims of peer provocation. They were required to judge the intention for the provocation and their retaliation to it. In Study 2, the participants were engaged in a lab‐based acquaintanceship interaction that involved the exchange of disclosures. They completed an adjective checklist that assessed anger and evaluated the quality of the conversation. Trust beliefs were linearly and negatively associated with the attribution of hostile intentions, retaliation, anger toward others, and critical evaluation of a developing peer relationship. As expected though, quadratic relations were found. Young adults with very low and those with very high trust beliefs (primarily emotionally based) showed greater attribution of hostile intentions, retaliation, anger toward others, and critical evaluation of a developing peer relationship than did young adults with the middle range of trust beliefs. The linear relations supported the hypothesis that trust promotes psychosocial adjustment. The quadratic relations supported the deviation from the normative trust (centralist) approach primarily for emotional trust beliefs in others.
Low‐cost 3D‐Printed smart robotic system for distance signature and authentication
Authors: Alsalam Bilal Hazim Younus 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDelivering a live signature has become laborious for many people in several countries nowadays. Some departments do not accept a scanned signature, which directs people to travel to give a live signature. In this article, a method to design rapid and fluid movements of a universal robot to perform robot writing will be presented for human handwritten signatures. This system will point out the hardware and software design in the real‐time for CNC signature system. The described system can help any person who has a disability and cannot travel or for people who are far away from the department that required a live signature. The technology behind this system is based on the CNC machine pen plotter system. The hardware is a 3D printed part which is consists of seven parts. All parts are printed by 3D printer type “Anet 6.” The CNC machine tools which will be presented in this article are primarily an educational system and can be made with readily available, low‐cost components and single compatible microcontroller and PHPoC Wi‐Fi Shield, acting as a host for CNC software.
N, S Codoped Carbon Matrix‐Encapsulated Co9S8 Nanoparticles as a Highly Efficient and Durable Bifunctional Oxygen Redox Electrocatalyst for Rechargeable Zn–Air Batteries
Authors: Lyu Dandan , Yao Sixian , Ali Asad , Tian Zhi Qun , Tsiakaras Panagiotis , Shen Pei Kang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHerein, a N, S co‐doped carbon encapsulating Co9S8 nanoparticles (Co9S8@N, S–C) catalyst is successfully synthesized by a new precursor of Co‐pyridine coordinated‐polymer consisting of 2,6‐diacetylpyridine and 4,4′‐dithiodianiline. Benefiting from the abundant pore‐structure (average pore‐size ≈25nm) and unique electronic‐properties of the Co9S8 and N, S–C layer, the as‐prepared Co9S8@N, S‐C exhibits rapid oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics with high electron transfer number of ≈3.998 and demonstrates a low overpotential of 304 mV for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). It exhibits a small potential difference of 0.647V for overall ORR/OER activity, outperforming most of the non‐precious metal‐catalysts previously reported. The rechargeable Zn–Air battery test further demonstrates its excellent activity and stability, in which the battery delivers a maximum power density output of 259 mW cm−2, a specific capacity of 862 mAh gZn−1, and after continuous 110 h operation the charge‐discharge round‐trip efficiency only reduces by 4.83%. Theoretical calculation studies show that the surface N, S–C layers and Co9S8 can adjust each other's Fermi levels, so that the adsorption energy of Co9S8@N, S–C on O intermediate is more favorable than using Co9S8 and N, S–C alone. This study reveals the structure‐function relationship of coated‐nanostructures with multifunctional electrocatalytic properties, and provides a feasible strategy for the design of non‐noble metal‐catalysts.
Improving the CROPGRO Perennial Forage Model for simulating growth and biomass partitioning of guineagrass
Authors: Brunetti Henrique B. , Boote Kenneth J. , Santos Patricia M. , Pezzopane José R. M. , Pedreira Carlos G. S. , Lara Márcio A. S. , Moreno Leonardo S. B. , Hoogenboom Gerrit 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTropical forage grasses are used for several applications including grazing, silage, and biofuels; with harvesting at varying phenological stages. Mechanistic simulation models can be powerful tools to assist with planning and decision making of pasture utilization strategies. The objective of this study was to improve and evaluate the ability of the Cropping System Model‐CROPGRO‐Perennial Forage model (CSM‐CROPGRO‐PFM) to simulate growth and biomass partitioning of two guineagrass [Panicum maximum Jacq. syn. Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) BK Simon & SWL Jacobs] cultivars, Tanzânia and Mombaça. Data from two experiments with contrasting harvest management and field conditions were used. Model parameters were modified, targeting improvement in d‐statistic and root mean square error (RMSE) for aboveground, leaf, stem biomass, leaf area index (LAI), and leaf proportion of aboveground biomass. Major improvement in model performance was achieved by modifying the vegetative partitioning parameters between leaf and stem through increasing partitioning to leaf during early regrowth while increasing it to stem during late regrowth. Modifications were made to parameters affecting leaf and stem senescence, leaf photosynthesis, and leaf area expansion sensitivity to cool weather. The RMSE values decreased from 2,261 to 1,768 kg ha−1 for aboveground biomass, from 1,620 to 874 kg ha−1 for stem biomass, from 11.41 to 7.27% for leaf percentage, from 1.91 to 1.68 for LAI, but increased slightly for leaf biomass. The d‐statistic computed over all these variables increased from .86 to .93. The improved model performance for both short and long harvest cycles will facilitate further applications for diverse forage crops utilization strategies.
Risk factors for CKD stage II onset in a prospective cohort of homozygous sickle cell adults
Authors: Roger Camille , Lionnet Francois , Mattioni Sarah , Livrozet Marine , Steichen Olivier , Letavernier Emmanuel , Hammoudi Nadjib , Avellino Virginie , Haymann Jean‐Philippe 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPrevalence of renal impairment is increasing with aging in sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients, and is responsible for a high morbidity and mortality. However, sickle cell nephropathy's natural course remains mostly unknown. We conducted a prospective observational cohort study aimed to identify risk factors for CKD stage II in a cohort of SCA patients. Baseline clinical and biological parameters were collected. Renal parameters were updated at each visit. Risk factors were analyzed using the Cox model. Five‐hundred and thirty‐five SCA patients were included with a median follow‐up of 5.33 (IQR:2.10–8.13) years. Median age was 22 (IQR:19–30) years old. Glomerular hyperfiltration was detected in 299 (55.9%) patients, microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria in 180 (34%) and 67 (12.7%) patients respectively. During follow up, CKD stage II onset was detected in 39 patients (7.3%). Risk factors for CKD stage II after adjustment on baseline eGFR and age were macroalbuminuria HR: 3.89 [95% CI: 1.61;9.43], diastolic blood pressure (DBP) above 70 mm Hg HR: 2.02 [1.02–3.971], LDH (for 100 IU/L increase) HR: 1.28 [1.12;1.48] and tricuspid regurgitation velocity >2.5 m/sec HR: 2.89 [1.20–6.99]. Multivariate analysis also found age as a strong independent risk factor with HR: (per year increase) 1.13 [1.09;1.16] and a 13.3‐fold increase above 30 years (p < 0.001). Our results show a high incidence of CKD stage II with aging, with a strong significant risk increase after 30‐years‐old, and pinpoint baseline DBP, macroalbuminuria and increased LDH as independent risk factors raising the issue of optimal blood pressure targets for SCA patients.
Sulphur‐Embedded Hydrocarbon Belts: Synthesis, Structure and Redox Chemistry of Cyclothianthrenes
Authors: Wang Shenghua , Yuan Jun , Xie Jialin , Lu Zonghuan , Jiang Long , Mu Yingxiao , Huo Yanping , Tsuchido Yoshitaka , Zhu Kelong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCyclothianthrenes, a series of sulphur‐embedded hydrocarbon belts proposed a decade ago, were successfully constructed through a stepwise bottom‐up synthesis. The belt [6]cyclothianthrene ([6]CT) is the smallest and most strained member of the family yet reported. Both [6]CT and [8]CT are the first examples of cyclothianthrene characterized by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. An unprecedented chiral belt [7]CT and a Möbius‐shaped [9]CT were also achieved via modular synthesis. Crystallographic and computational studies show that belts [6]CT‐[8]CT have prism‐like conformations with well‐defined tubular cavities which have potential for guest molecule inclusion. Cyclic voltammograms further revealed that these belts are redox‐active. The success of constructing sulphur‐embedded hydrocarbon belts, that is, cyclothianthrenes, greatly enriches the chemistry of heteroatom‐doped molecular belts and tubes.
Asymmetric Alkoxy‐ and Hydroxy‐Carbonylations of Functionalized Alkenes Assisted by β‐Carbonyl Groups
Authors: Ren Xinyi , Wang Zhen , Shen Chaoren , Tian Xinxin , Tang Lin , Ji Xiaolei , Dong Kaiwu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAs a fundamental type of carbonylation reaction, the alkoxy‐ and hydroxy‐carbonylation of unsaturated hydrocarbons constitutes one of the most important industrial applications of homogeneous catalysis. However, owing to the difficulties in controlling multi‐selectivities for asymmetric hydrocarbonylation of alkenes, this reaction is typically limited to vinylarenes and analogues. In this work, a highly efficient asymmetric alkoxy‐ and hydroxy‐carbonylation of β‐carbonyl functionalized alkenes was developed, providing practical and easy access to various densely functionalized chiral molecules with high optical purity from broadly available alkenes, CO, and nucleophiles (>90 examples, 84–99 % ee). This protocol features mild reaction conditions and a broad substrate scope, and the products can be readily transformed into a diverse array of chiral heterocycles. Control experiments revealed the key role of the β‐carbonyl group in determining the enantioselectivity and promoting the activity, which facilitates chiral induction by coordination to the transition metal as rationalized by DFT calculations. The strategy of utilizing an innate functional group as the directing group on the alkene substrate might find further applications in catalytic asymmetric hydrocarbonylation reactions.
Expression liabilities in a four‐chain bispecific molecule
Authors: Guo Cai , Chen Fuyi , Xiao Qiang , Catterall Hannah B. , Robinson John H. , Wang Zhulun , Mock Marissa , Hubert René 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMultispecific antibodies, often composed of three to five polypeptide chains, have become increasingly relevant in the development of biotherapeutics. These molecules have mechanisms of action that include redirecting T cells to tumors and blocking multiple pathogenic mediators simultaneously. One of the major challenges for asymmetric multispecific antibodies is generating a high proportion of the correctly paired antibody during production. To understand the causes and effects of chain mispairing impurities in a difficult to express multispecific hetero‐IgG, we investigated consequences of individual and pairwise chain expression in mammalian transient expression hosts. We found that one of the two light chains (LC) was not secretion competent when transfected individually or cotransfected with the noncognate heavy chain (HC). Overexpression of this secretion impaired LC reduced cell growth while inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) expression. The majority of this LC was observed as monomer with incomplete intrachain disulfide bonds when expressed individually. Russell bodies (RB) were induced when this LC was co‐expressed with the cognate HC. Moreover, one HC paired promiscuously with noncognate LC. These results identify the causes for the low product quality observed from stable cell lines expressing this heteroIgG and suggest mitigation strategies to improve overall process productivity of the correctly paired multispecific antibody. The approach described here provides a general strategy for identifying the molecular and cellular liabilities associated with difficult to express multispecific antibodies.