bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Meta-analysis Study of Association Between FecB Polymorphism and Litter Size in Sheep
Authors: Barazandeh Arsalan , Mokhtari Morteza , Roudbari Zahra , Mirmahmoudi Rouhollah 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Litter size is perhaps the main commercial trait since it has an observable effect on benefit in the sheep industry. Fecundity genes, play a vital role in expression of litter size. One of the most popular of these genes is the Booroola gene (FecB). In many past researches there was a dependency between the BMPR1B gene polymorphism and litter size of sheep. In the current study, a meta-analysis directed by coalescing outcoming of 9902 cases of 26 published research wherein various breeds of sheep to assess the influence of the FecB gene on litter size utilizing additive, recessive, dominant, and co-dominant genetic models. The random effects model was used for data analysis according to the Cochran Q test and I2 quantity. Under additive (SMD = 0.528), dominant (SMD = 0.468) and recessive (SMD = 0.250) models, the significant effect (P<0.01) of FecB genotypes has been identified. Furthermore, under the co-dominant (SMD = -0.050, P = 0.3332) model, the association between FecB genotypes and litter size trait had not been detected. A growth in litter size by about 0.47 lambs (Dominant model) was associated with the first copy of the FecB gene and 0.25 lambs (Recessive model) with the second copy of this gene. Consequences of the current study support the idea that BMPR1B fundamentally influenced litter size and subsequently it may be utilized for Marker-assisted selection programmers for improved genetic merit of reproductive futures and furthermore insert this gene by crossbreeding in low prolific breeds may improve reproductive characteristics.
Identification of 10 Gene Signatures as Prognostic Biomarkers for Peritoneal Metastatic Gastric Cancer
Authors: Li Junliang , Zhang Lingfang , Guo Tiankang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background. Peritoneal metastatic gastric cancer (PMGC) is very common, and usually, the prognosis is poor. There is currently an absence of accurate methods for the early diagnosis and prediction of peritoneal metastasis (PM). This highlights the need to develop strategies to identify the risk of PMGC. Methods. We performed a comprehensive discovery of biomarkers to predict PM by analyzing profiling datasets from GSE62254. The prognostic PM-related genes were obtained using the univariate Cox regression analysis, followed by a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LASSO) to establish a risk score model. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to determine the pathway enrichment in both the high- and low-risk groups. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) were used to compare the predictive accuracy-based risk stratification. In addition, an unsupervised clustering algorithm was applied to divide patients into subgroups according to the PM-related genes. Results. We identified 10 genes (MMP12, TAC1, TSPYL5, PPP1R14A, TMSB15B, NPY1R, PCDH9, EPM2AIP1, TIG7, and DYNC1I1) for PMGC diagnosis. The OS rates between the high- and low-risk groups at 1-, 3-, and 5-years were significantly different in the training and validation sets. The AUCs at 1-, 3-, and 5-years in the training set were 0.71, 0.74, and 0.73, respectively. In the validation set, the AUCs at 1-, 3-, and 5-years were 0.68, 0.66, and 0.69, respectively. The 10 gene signatures were correlated with immune cell infiltration in both the high- and low-risk groups. In addition, based on the GSEA, several significant pathways were enriched in the high-risk PMGC group, such as the Wnt and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway and leukocyte transendothelial migration pathway. Furthermore, unsupervised cluster analysis showed that the model could distinguish the level of risk among patients with PMGC. Conclusions. Overall, 10 gene signatures were identified for PMGC risk prediction. These may be valuable in making clinical decisions to improve treatment outcomes in patients with PMGC.
Incidence and Predictors of Acute Kidney Injury Among Women With Severe Pre-eclampsia at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital
Authors: Hassan Mariam , Mayanja Roland , Ssalongo Wasswa G.M , Robert Natumanya , Mark Lugobe Henry , Samson Okello , Muhindo Rose 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe presence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in pre-eclampsia complicates treatment including; increasing length of hospital stay and a need to access services like dialysis which are largely expensive in resource-limited settings. We aimed to determine incidence and predictors of acute kidney injury among women with severe pre-eclampsia at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in southwestern Uganda. MethodsWe carried out a hospital-based prospective cohort study from 16 November 2018 to 18 April 2019, among pregnant women with severe preeclampsia followed up in the hospital. We enrolled 70 mothers with severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia; we excluded patients with a history of chronic renal disease, chronic hypertension, and gestational hypertension.Data on socio-demographics, laboratory parameters, health system, obstetric and medical factors were collected. Baseline serum creatinine, complete blood count, and CD4 T-cell count were all done at admission (0-hour). Second serum creatinine was done at 48-hours to determine the presence of AKI. AKI was defined as a rise in serum creatinine of 0.3mg/dl or more from the baseline. The proportion of women diagnosed with acute kidney injury among the total number of women with severe pre-eclampsia was reported as incidence proportion. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to establish the association of acute kidney injury and severe pre-eclampsia.ResultsIncidence of acute kidney injury was high (41.4%) among women with severe pre-eclampsia. Antenatal care attendance was protective 0.36 (0.16, 0.80), p<0.013 at bivariate analysis but had no statistical significance at multivariate analysis. Eclampsia was an independent risk factor for acute kidney injury. (aRR 2.74 (1.06, 7.08), P<0. 037.ConclusionThe incidence of acute kidney injury in patients with preeclampsia is high. Eclampsia is an independent risk factor of acute kidney injury.
Multimodal Analysis Reveals New Genetic Effectors in Parkinson'S Disease-Related Gene LRRK2 Gly2019Ser Mutation
Authors: Yao Longping , Zhang Shizhong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMutations in the LRRK2 gene, which encodes leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), generate one of the most prevalent monogenic forms of Parkinson's disease (PD). Patients with autosomal dominant PD and apparent sporadic PD, who are clinically indistinguishable from those with idiopathic PD, are found to have LRRK2 mutations, particularly the most prevalent variant Gly2019Ser. Nonetheless, potential effectors of Gly2019Ser remain unknown.MethodsWe used the GEO database to undertake and evaluate a multitiered bioinformatic investigation to look into the gene expression implicated in the development of Parkinson's disease. Individual differences in gene expression were then confirmed in whole blood samples collected in the clinic. These genetic factors were also subjected to an interaction analysis and prediction. ResultsIn total, 607 genes in the LRRK2 Gly2019Ser mutation group expressed differently from those in the wild group. The following 10 top hub genes were discovered in protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks: CD44, CTGF, THBS1, VEGFA, SPP1, EGF, VCAM1, MMP3, CXCR4, and LOX. The gene expression of CD44, CTGF, THBS1, SPP1, EGF, and LOX was considerably higher in the LRRK2 Gly2019Ser mutant group than in the LRRK2 wild group. Meanwhile, CXCR4 gene expression in the LRRK2 Gly2019Ser mutant group was significantly lower than in the LRRK2 wild group. We then confirmed the expression of the hub genes in LRRK2 Gly2019Ser mutated iPSC-induced DA cells. As a result, the levels of CD44, CTGF, THBS1, VEGFA, SPP1 were positively correlated to the mutation of LRRK2, displayed promising effectors for discriminating the pathogenesis of PD. ConclusionsWe identified CD44, CTGF, THBS1, VEGFA, and SPP1 as the potential genetic effectors responding to the mutation of LRRK2. They could be a promising mechanism for discriminating the PD and potential factors contributing to the disease's development.
Adipose Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Exert a Synergic Anti-Inflammatory Effect with Glucocorticoids and Override Their Detrimental Effects on Rotator Cuff Tendons
Authors: Zhang Xuancheng , Li Ang , Han Kang , Zhang He , Huangfu Xiaoqiao , Huang Jinghuan , Jiang Jia , Zhao Jinzhong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Glucocorticoids (GCs) injections are commonly used to relieve pain and improve function in patients with multiple shoulder disability, they cause detrimental effects on the rotator cuff tendons. Adipose stem cell-derived exosomes (ASC-Exos) reportedly recover impaired tendon matrix metabolism by maintaining tissue homeostasis. It is unclear whether additional ASC-Exos treatment overrides the detrimental effects of GCs without interfering with their anti-inflammatory effects.Methods: The in vitro studies included inflammatory analysis and cytoprotective analysis. In the inflammatory analysis, rat raw cells were treated with saline, GCs, or GCs + ASC-Exos and evaluated regarding cellular proliferation, migration, and secretion of inflammatory-related cytokines. In the cytoprotective analysis, rat tenocytes were treated with saline, GCs, or GCs + ASC-Exos and evaluated regarding cellular proliferation, migration, senescence, apoptosis, and transcription of tenocytic genes. In the in vivo studies, a subacromial injection of saline, GCs, or GCs + ASC-Exos was performed in a chronic injured-intact rotator cuff rat model. Histological and biomechanical analysis were performed 1 week to evaluate the protective effect of ASC-Exos against GCs-induced detriments on injured-intact in rotator cuffs.Results: In the in vitro inflammatory analysis, GCs treatment significantly decreased the proliferation, migration, and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in raw cells, and increased the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines; additional ASC-Exos treatment further significantly decreased the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, while restoring GCs-suppressed cellular proliferation and migration. In the in vitro cytoprotective analysis, GCs treatment significantly decreased the proliferation, migration, and transcription of tenocytic matrix molecules of tenocytes, and significantly increased their senescence, apoptosis, and transcription of ROS and tenocytic degradative enzymes; additional ASC-Exos treatment significantly improved the GCs-suppressed cellular proliferation, migration, and transcription of tenocytic matrix molecules, transcription of tenocytic degradative enzyme inhibitors, and significantly decreased the GCs-induced cell senescence, apoptosis, and transcription of ROS and tenocytic degradative enzymes. In the in vivo studies, an additional ASC-Exos injection restored the impaired histological and biomechanical properties owing to GCs administration.Conclusion: ASC-Exos may exert a stronger anti-inflammatory effect in combination with GCs, and override their detrimental effects on the rotator cuff.
Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Homicide: A Spatial Ecological Case-Control Study of US ZIP Codes
Authors: Gobaud Ariana N , Mehranbod Christina A. , Dong Beidi , Dodington James , Morrison Christopher N. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Homicide is a major cause of death and a determinant of health disparities in the United States. This burden overwhelmingly affects people from racial and ethnic minority populations as homicide occurs more often in neighborhoods with high proportions of racial and ethnic minority residents. Research has identified that social and physical environmental conditions contribute to variation in homicide rates between neighborhoods; however, it is not clear why some neighborhoods with high concentrations of racial and ethnic minority residents have high homicide rates while neighborhoods with similar demographic compositions do not. The aim of this study was to assess whether relative socioeconomic disadvantage, (i.e., income inequality), or absolute socioeconomic disadvantage (i.e., income) measured at the ZIP code- and state-levels, is associated with high homicide rates in US neighborhoods, independent of racial and ethnic composition.Methods: This ecological case-control study compared median household income and income inequality in 250 ZIP codes with the highest homicide rate in 2017 (cases) to 250 ZIP codes that did not experience any homicide deaths in 2017 (controls). Cases were matched to controls 1:1 based on demographic composition. Variables were measured at both the ZIP code- and state-levels.Results: Lower median household income at the ZIP code-level contributed most substantially to the homicide rate. Income inequality at the state-level, however, was additionally significant when controlling for both ZIP code- and state-level factors.Conclusions: Area-based interventions that improve absolute measures of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage may reduce gaps in homicide rates.
Wheat Grain Width: A Clue for Re-Exploring Visual Indicators of Grain Weight
Authors: Haghshenas Abbas , Emam Yahya , Jafarizadeh Saeid 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Mean grain weight (MGW) is among the most frequently measured parameters in wheat breeding and physiology. Although in the recent decades, various wheat grain analyses (e.g. counting, and determining the size, color, or shape features) have been facilitated thanks to the automated image processing systems, MGW estimations has been limited to using few number of image-derived indices; i.e. mainly the linear or power models developed based on the projected area (Area). Following a preliminary observation which indicated the potential of grain width in improving the predictions, the present study was conducted to explore potentially more efficient indices for increasing the precision of image-based MGW estimations. For this purpose, an image archive of the grains was processed, which was harvested from a two-year field experiment carried out with 3 replicates under two irrigation conditions and included 15 cultivar mixture treatments (so the archive was consisted of 180 images taken from an overall number of more than 72000 grains).
Results

It was observed that among the more than 30 evaluated indices of grain size and shape, indicators of grain width (i.e. Minor & MinFeret) along with 8 other empirical indices had a higher correlation with MGW, compared with Area. The most precise MGW predictions were obtained using the Area×Circularity, Perimeter×Circularity, and Area/Perimeter indices. In general, two main common factors were detected in the structure of the major indices, i.e. either grain width or the Area/Perimeter ratio. Moreover, comparative efficiency of the superior indices almost remained stable across the 4 environmental conditions. Eventually, using the selected indices, ten simple linear models were developed and validated for MGW prediction, which indicated a relatively higher precision than the current Area-based models. The considerable effect of enhancing image resolution on the precision of the models has been also evidenced.
Conclusions

It is expected that the findings of the present study, along with the simple predictive linear models developed and validated using the new image-derived indices, could improve the precision of the image-based MGW estimations, and consequently facilitate wheat breeding and physiological assessments.
Re-Evaluate the Value of Frozen Sections in Diagnoses of Breast Malignancies that Failed to be Diagnosed by Core Needle Biopsy: A Chinese Retrospective Analysis of Clinical Practice
Authors: Xue Jialei , Li Jianwei , Gong Yue , Cui Qiuxia , Dai Li , Guo Tianwei , Liu Zhebin , Liu Guangyu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective: The value of frozen sections in diagnoses of breast malignancies that failed to be diagnosed by core needle biopsy (CNB) is indeterminate. To re-evaluate and improve the utility of frozen section on this kind of breast malignancy, we conducted a retrospective data analysis and constructed a prediction model.Method: We reviewed data of breast cancer patients that failed to be diagnosed by CNB (CNB-undiagnosable) in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) from May 1, 2006 to December 31, 2019. Clinical characteristics of patients were collected. the correlation between clinical features and false negative rate (FNR) of frozen sections was explored with logistic regression analysis, after which a nomogram was constructed to predict the probability of false negative.Result: The diagnostic sensitivity of frozen section on CNB-undiagnosable breast cancer was 67.18%, and the FNR was 32.82%. In multivariate analysis, papillary lesion (OR, 4.251; 95% CI, 2.804-6.492; P<0.0001) and sclerosing adenosis (OR, 3.727; 95% CI, 1.897-7.376; P= 0.0001) on CNB were risk factors of false negative, while clustered microcalcifications on mammography (OR, 0.345; 95% CI, 0.216-0.543; P < 0.0001) and ultrasonic BI-RADS category 4C-5 (OR, 0.250; 95% CI, 0.081-0.777; P = 0.0157) were favorable factors of true positive. The false negative rate of frozen section could be controlled at about 10% by the prediction of nomogram. Conclusion: Frozen sections are valuable in the diagnosis of CNB-undiagnosable breast cancers. It is recommended to implement the intraoperative frozen sections for high-risk breast lesions with a low probability of false negative indicated by prediction, so as to minimize the occurrence of unnecessary re-operation.
Duration of Postoperative Hyperlactatemia Has Predictive Value in Recurrent Fistula After Major Definitive Surgery for Intestinal Fistula
Authors: Tian Weiliang , Luo Shikun , Xu Xin , Yao Zheng , Zhao Risheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose

The present study aimed to identify the predictive value of duration of postoperative hyperlactatemia in screening patients at high risk of recurrent fistula after major definitive surgery(DS) for intestinal fistula.
Methods

If the initial postoperative lactate(IPL)> 2 mmol/L, DS was defined as major definitive surgery. The 315 enrolled patients with major DS were divided into group A (2 mmol/L<IPL≤ 4 mmol/L), group B (mmol/L<IPL≤ 6 mmol/L), and group C (IPL>6 mmol/L). The characteristics of patients were collected, and the duration of postoperative hyperlactatemia was analyzed. According to the occurrence of recurrent fistula (RF), patients were further divided into RF group A, and Non-RF group A; RF group B, and Non-RF group B; and RF group C, and Non-RF group C.
Results

The duration of postoperative hyperlactatemia was comparable between the RF group A and the Non-RF group A [12 (IQR:12-24) vs 24 (IQR:12-24), p=0.387]. However, the duration of hyperlactatemia was associated with RF in group B (adjusted OR= 1.061; 95%CI: 1.029-1.094; p<0.001) and group C (adjusted OR=1.059; 95%CI: 1.012-1.129; p=0.017). In group B, the cutoff point of duration of 42 hours had the optimal predictive value (area under ROC=0.791, sensitivity=0.717, specificity =0.794, p<0.001). In group C, the cutoff point of duration of 54 hours had the optimal predictive value (area under ROC=0.781, sensitivity=0.730, specificity =0.804, p<0.001).
Conclusion

The duration of postoperative hyperlactatemia has a value in predicting RF in patients with an IPL of more than 4 mmol/L after major definitive surgery for intestinal fistula.
Deciphering the Mechanisms of Microbe Mediated Drought Stress Alleviation in Wheat
Authors: SINGH DEVENDRA , Thapa Shobit , Yadav Jagriti , SINGH Dikchha , Chakdar Hillol , M. Kumar , Saxena Anil Kumar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Drought stress adversely influences the crop plants. Herein, present research was designed to elucidate the role of plant growth promoting microbes for amelioration of water stress in wheat. A pot experiment was conducted for screening the microorganisms on the basis of plant growth, chlorophyll and proline content under water stress. Bacillus sp. BT3 and Klebsiella sp. HA9 were found more promising strains that positively influenced the plant growth, chlorophyll and proline status of seedlings under water stress condition. Further, Bacillus sp. BT-3 and Klebsiella sp. HA9 along with check strain (BioNPK) were used for elucidating their detailed effect on morphological, biochemical, physiological and molecular traits to mitigate drought stress in wheat. Microbial inoculation significantly enhanced plant growth, biomass, relative water content, chlorophyll content and root morphological parameters over the uninoculated water stressed (30% FC) control. Likewise, sugar content, protein content and antioxidant enzymes were also significantly enhanced due to microbial inoculation under water stress (30% FC). Microbial inoculation significantly decreased proline, glycine betaine, lipid peroxidation, peroxide and superoxide radicals in wheat over the uninoculated water stressed (30%FC) control. Quantitative real-time (qRT)- PCR analysis revealed that Bacillus sp. BT-3, Klebsiella sp. HA9 and BioNPK inoculation significantly upregulated stress responsive genes (DHN, DREB, L15 and TaABA-8OH) over the uninoculated water stressed (30% F.C.) control. The study reports the potential of Bacillus sp. BT3 and Klebsiella sp. HA9 along with BioNPK in water stress alleviation in wheat which could be recommended as effective biofertilizers.
Macrophage-derived Apoptotic Vesicles Regulate Fate Commitment of Mesenchymal Stem Cells via miR155
Authors: Zhu Yuan , Zhang Xiao , Yang Kunkun , Shao Yuzi , Gu Ranli , Liu Xuenan , Liu Hao , Liu Yunsong , Zhou Yongsheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

In tissue engineering, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are common seed cells because of abundant sources, strong proliferation ability and immunomodulatory function. Numerous researches have demonstrated that MSC-macrophage crosstalk played a key role in the tissue engineering. Macrophages could regulate the differentiation of MSCs via different molecular mechanisms, including extracellular vesicles. Apoptotic macrophages could generate large amounts of apoptotic vesicles (apoVs), whereas the functions of macrophage-derived apoVs remain largely unknown. There was no research to clarify the role of macrophage-derived apoVs in MSC fate choices. In this study, we aimed to characterize macrophage-derived apoVs, and investigate the roles of macrophage-derived apoVs in the fate commitment of MSCs.
Methods

We characterized macrophage-derived apoVs, and investigated their role in MSC osteogenesis and adipogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we performed microRNA loss- and gain- of function experiments and western blot to determine the molecular mechanism.
Results

We found that macrophage-derived apoVs inhibited osteogenesis and promoted adipogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In mechanism, apoVs regulated osteogenesis and adipogenesis of MSCs by delivering microRNA155 (miR155).
Conclusions

Macrophage-derived apoVs could regulate the osteogenesis and adipogenesis of MSCs through delivering miR155, which provided novel insights for MSC-mediated tissue engineering.