bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-stability, linearly polarized mode-locking generation from a polarization-maintaining fiber oscillator around 2.8  µm
Authors: Luo Hongyu , Wang Yongzhi , Li Jianfeng , Liu Yong 
Published: August 2021

In this Letter, a high-stability, linearly polarized mode-locked polarization-maintaining (PM)

E

r

3
+

-doped fluoride fiber oscillator at

∼

2.8

µ

m

is presented for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, where an InAs-based semiconductor saturable absorber mirror is used as the mode locker, and a film polarizer is employed for maintaining the linearly polarized oscillation. In the free-running state, stable linearly polarized mode-locked pulses (

τ
=

44

p
s

and

P

=

446

m
W

) at 2.795 µm, with a high polarization extinction ratio of

>

23

d
B

and a low integrated relative intensity noise of 0.087% [1 Hz–10 MHz], have been achieved, which can be strongly immune to external mechanical perturbations. By introducing a ruled reflective diffraction grating into the cavity in a Littman configuration, the continuous wavelength tuning of the linearly polarized mode-locked pulses in the range of 2717–2827 nm is obtained as well. To the best of our knowledge, this marks the first demonstration of a linearly polarized PM fiber oscillator in the

>

2.5

µ

m

mid-infrared region.
Akzeptanzanalyse von Microsoft Teams als eKollaborationssystem bei standortverteilten und agilen Entwicklungsteams eines mittelständischen Unternehmens
Authors: Schwind Jonathan , Yetim Fahri 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungeKollaborationssysteme haben das Ziel, die Zusammenarbeit über zeitliche und räumliche Grenzen hinweg zu unterstützen.Microsoft Teamshat sich mittlerweile als ein eKollaborationssystem etabliert. Bisherige Forschung unterstreicht im Allgemeinen die Relevanz der Benutzerakzeptanz für die erfolgreiche Einführung und Nutzung von eKollaborationssystemen in Unternehmen. Jedoch mangelt es an empirischen Akzeptanzstudien, die sich spezifisch mit der Akzeptanz vonMicrosoft Teamsbeschäftigen. Diese Arbeit untersucht die Akzeptanz des Einsatzes vonMicrosoft Teamszur Kommunikation in standortverteilten agilen Entwicklungsteams im Kontext eines mittelständischen Unternehmens. Anhand einer Fallstudie sollen Erkenntnisse über Akzeptanz- und Nutzungsverhalten eines Entwicklungsteams im konkreten praktischen Anwendungskontext gewonnen werden, um daraus praktische Handlungsempfehlungen zur zielgerichteten Optimierung des Systems und dessen Einsatz für die Entscheidungsträger abzuleiten. Zu diesem Zweck wird eine qualitative empirische Vorgehensweise gewählt, die sich an Akzeptanztheorien orientiert, um die wichtigsten Einflussfaktoren der Akzeptanz von Microsoft Teams theoriegeleitet verstehen und erklären zu können. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen unter anderem, dass die Leistungserwartung und Aufwandserwartung besonders relevant in diesem Zusammenhang sind. Die Implikationen der Ergebnisse für weitere Forschung und Praxis werden ebenfalls kurz vorgestellt.
Organized primary human papillomavirus–based cervical screening: A randomized healthcare policy trial
Authors: Elfström K. Miriam , Eklund Carina , Lamin Helena , Öhman Daniel , Hortlund Maria , Elfgren Kristina , Sundström Karin , Dillner Joakim 
Published: August 2021

Background
Clinical trials in the research setting have demonstrated that primary human papillomavirus (HPV)-based screening results in greater protection against cervical cancer compared with cytology, but evidence from real-life implementation was missing. To evaluate the effectiveness of HPV-based cervical screening within a real-life screening program, the organized, population-based cervical screening program in the capital region of Sweden offered either HPV- or cytology-based screening in a randomized manner through a randomized healthcare policy (RHP).

Methods and findings
A total of 395,725 women aged 30 to 64 years that were invited for their routine cervical screening visit were randomized without blinding to either cytology-based screening with HPV triage (n = 183,309) or HPV-based screening, with cytology triage (n = 212,416 women) between September 1, 2014 and September 30, 2016 and follow-up through June 30, 2017. The main outcome was non-inferior detection rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+). Secondary outcomes included superiority in CIN2+ detection, screening attendance, and referral to histology.
In total, 120,240 had a cervical screening sample on record in the study period in the HPV arm and 99,340 in the cytology arm and were followed for the outcomes of interest. In per-protocol (PP) analyses, the detection rate of CIN2+ was 1.03% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.98 to 1.10) in the HPV arm and 0.93% (0.87 to 0.99) in the cytology arm (p for non-inferiority <0.0001; odds ratio (OR) 1.11 (95% CI 1.02 to 1.22)). There were 46 cervical cancers detected in the HPV arm (0.04% (0.03 to 0.06)) and 48 cancers detected in the cytology arm (0.05% (0.04 to 0.07)) (p for non-inferiority <0.0001; OR 0.79 (0.53 to 1.18)). Intention-to-screen (ITS) analyses found few differences. In the HPV arm, there was a modestly increased attendance after new invitations (68.56% (68.31 to 68.80) vs. 67.71% (67.43 to 67.98); OR 1.02 (1.00 to 1.03)) and increased rate of referral with completed biopsy (3.89% (3.79 to 4.00) vs. 3.53% (3.42 to 3.65); OR 1.10 (1.05 to 1.15)).
The main limitations of this analysis are that only the baseline results are presented, and there was an imbalance in invitations between the study arms.

Conclusions
In this study, we observed that a real-life RHP of primary HPV-based screening was acceptable and effective when evaluated against cytology-based screening, as indicated by comparable participation, referral, and detection rates.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01511328
Determinants of hypertension among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on follow-up at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa: A case-control study
Authors: Kotiso Kehabtimer Shiferaw , Degemu Nabiha , Gebremedhin Samson , Taye Melaku , Petros Adane , Belayneh Fanuel , Wolde Deneke , Hailu Dejene 
Published: August 2021

Introduction
Hypertension (HTN) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common problem that increases the risk of mortality and morbidity, and lowers the quality of life. Despite the disproportionately high burden of HTN in DM patients, determinants for the comorbidity have not been sufficiently explored. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the determinants of HTN among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on follow-up at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital.

Methods and materials
We conducted a hospital-based unmatched case-control study at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital on 386 randomly selected patients with type 2 diabetes on follow-up (200 cases and 186 controls). We collected data by using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and data extraction form. To identify determinants of hypertension, a multivariable binary logistic regression was fitted, and the findings are presented using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
The mean reported age (±SD) of the cases and the controls was 60.3 (±9.9) and 55.3 (±11.3) years, respectively. The eight identified independent determinants of hypertension with AOR [95% CI] were obesity: 2.82 [1.43, 5.57], sedentary activity of ≥4hrs/day: 1.75 [1.10, 2.79], higher stress score: 1.05 [1.01, 1.10], serum creatinine above 1.1 mg/dl: 2.35 [1.13, 4.91], age: 1.05 [1.02, 1.08], being government employee as compared to private workers: 2.18 [1.06, 4.50] and family history of hypertension: 2.11 [1.26, 3.54]. Further, interaction of diabetes duration with insulin use: 1.03 [1.01, 1.07] was also a significant predictor of HTN among DM patients.

Conclusion
The finding calls for interventions for mitigating these determinants. Further research is needed to examine the interaction between diabetes duration and insulin use.
Studi Analisis Manajemen Pengelolaan Kelas di Tempat Penitipan Aanak (TPA) Khadijah Pandegiling Surabaya
Authors: Pangastuti Ratna , Solichah Isnaini 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRAK
Menghasilkan output pendidikan pada tingkat anak usia dini yang ideal sesuai dengan visi dan misi yang tertuang dalam undang-undang membutuhkan kerjasama dan dukungan segala unsur pendidikan. Faktor keberadaan guru sebagai komponen utama tak bisa dipungkiri, namun diperlukan faktor lain diantaranya pengelolaan kelas yang representatif. Riset ini ingin mengetahui manajemen pengelolaan kelas di TPA Khajidah Pandegiling Surabaya. Dipilihnya TPA ini karena lembaga ini merupakan percontohan di tingkat Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan dan kualitatif dengan jenis field research dan pengambilan data dilakukan melalui observasi langsung, wawancara, dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis mengikuti model Miles and Hubermans. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa TPA Khadijah Pandegiling Surabaya dalam mengelola kelas menggunakan model sentra BCCT, dan setiap minggunya hanya dibuka tiga sentra dari yang seharusnya ada delapan sentra. Tiga sentra tersebut meliputi sentra balok, alam sekitar dan bermain peran. Jumlah siswa di TPA Khadijah Pandegiling Surabaya sebanyak 30 anak dari usia 2-5 tahun. Untuk pengaturan kelas telah sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan karakter anak, tentang penataan gambar dan ornamen indoor, ketersediaan pencahayaan melalui kaca jendela sebanyak 6 buah sangat mendukung proses KBM siswa TPA dan kesehatannya. Ruangan dengan ukuran 12mx17m dilengkapi dengan rak-rak berwarna-warni dan meja kursi siswa, ventilasi udara yang lebih mengandalkan pada AC untuk menjaga kesejukan ruangan. Penataan posisi tempat duduk siswa lebih memilih gaya seminar ketika usia kegiatan circle time.
Manajemen Pembelajaran Anak Usia Dini Berbasis Saintifik di Ra Ar Rafif Kalasan Sleman
Authors: Sumartin Sumartin , Munastiwi Erni 
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this research is to knowthescientific-based learning process applied in Raudhatul Athfal (RA).In more detail, the purpose of this research are to describe the management of scientific-based learning process in RA, describes the advantages and disadvantages of scientific-based learning process in RA and describe the impact of scientific-based learning process in RA. Methodology of this reseacrh was qualitative descriptive. The technique of data collecting are through observation, interview, and documentation. The technique of data analysis was through data reduction, data presentation, verified and deduced. The validation tests were research triangulation, method, theory and data source. The results show that: (1) the implementation of scientific-based learning process include: activities to observe, ask, explore (collecting information), associates, and communicate (2) the advantages and disadvantages scientific-based learning process can be seen from the pre learning, learning process and learning evaluation activities (3) the impact of this scientific-based learning process can be perceived by the various parties include teachers, students and the general society.
Investigating microplastics and potentially toxic elements contamination in canned Tuna, Salmon, and Sardine fishes from Taif markets, KSA
Authors: Hussien Nahed Ahmed , Mohammadein Amaal , Tantawy Ehab M. , Khattab Yassir , Al Malki Jamila S. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have been documented in different foodstuffs and beverages, that could affect human health due to their ingestion. Furthermore, seafood contamination with MPs puts pillars of food availability and utilization at risk. The present study investigates MPs and toxic elements pollution in commercially canned fishes from Taif governorate markets. Seven different canned fishes’ brands were used in the present study from different manufacturer countries and purchased from Taif markets. Tissue samples were digested by 10% of KOH; then, dry filters were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to detect MPs. Filtrates were used to detect any potentially toxic elements by inductively coupled plasma. Different MPs were detected in edible tissue, such as canned Tuna contaminated with nylon, 1,2-polybutadiene, and ethylene vinyl alcohol. Sardines contain ethylene vinyl alcohol and poly(vinyl stearate), but Salmon does not have any MPs. Different elements were present in the selected samples in the decreasing order of Al > Se > Zn and traces of As and Sb. Canned fishes were contaminated with MPs and potentially toxic elements. This contamination could be a warning of the potential health risks with the long-term exposure. Therefore, it is recommended to include micro-, meso-, and even nanoplastics in the guidelines of testing food safety management systems.
Does artificial intelligence have a role in the IVF clinic?
Authors: Chow Darren J X , Wijesinghe Philip , Dholakia Kishan , Dunning Kylie R 
Published: August 2021

Lay summary
The success of IVF has remained stagnant for a decade. The focus of a great deal of research is to improve on the current ~30% success rate of IVF. Artificial intelligence (AI), or machines that mimic human intelligence, has been gaining traction for its potential to improve outcomes in medicine, such as cancer diagnosis from medical images. In this commentary, we discuss whether AI has the potential to improve fertility outcomes in the IVF clinic. Based on existing research, we examine the potential of adopting AI within multiple facets of an IVF cycle, including egg/sperm and embryo selection, as well as formulation of an IVF treatment regimen. We discuss both the potential benefits and concerns of the patient and clinician in adopting AI in the clinic. We outline hurdles that need to be overcome prior to implementation. We conclude that AI has an important future in improving IVF success.
Persia, the Land of Shiite Faith: The Migration of Imam Ahl al-Bayt and the Encounter between Two Belief Systems in Persia
Authors: Aliabadi Fatemeh Sadat Alavi , Vasei Sayed Alireza 
Published: August 2021

This article attempts to trace the fundamental role of early Persian beliefs, Zoroastrians, to the decision of Ahl al-Bayt’s choice to migrate to Persia (Iran). This research is based on the fact that there are many places for pilgrimage to imams in Iran. Specifically, this research investigates the similarity of several concepts in both religions, Zoroaster and Islam, regarding the teaching in the principle of God (Ilahiyyah), the principle of life after death (eschatology), and the principle of justice and morals of the religion embraced before Islam in Persia. Several studies have also reported on the distortions, opposition, and the consequences of encountering the two beliefs for the first time between Persian beliefs and Islamic teachings. This study employs a qualitative method with historical analysis and literature study along with relevant information of the study. This article also uses the theory of migration and identity to see the interconnectedness of religion in the migration context. The results of this study show the factors that the Persians are interested in accepting and understanding the teachings of Islam. Those are: first, the emotional closeness of beliefs and moral values between Muslims and Zoroastrians (Magi); Second, the inclusive nature of Islam; third, the absence of racial, gender, and status discrimination in Islamic teachings. The descendants of imams Ahl al-Bayt of the Prophet Muhammad SAW continued the prophet's preaching and the Imams in expanding the spread of Islamic teachings to various regions. During this expansion process, they found Iran as the most secure, and suitable region to accept the presence and teaching of Islam especially the Shiite sect. Therefore, they decided to migrate to Iran, and until now Iran is known as a Shiite country.
Influência de diferentes silanos na resistência de união entre cerâmica de dissilicato de lítio e cimento resinoso
Authors: Scorssatto Paula Cabral , Fasolin Tomm Alvin Gustavo , Figueiredo Paola Serraglio , Maroli Angélica , Alessandretti Rodrigo , Spazzin Aloisio Oro 
Published: August 2021

Objetivo:O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o uso de diferentes marcas de silano na resistência de união entre a cerâmica de dissilicato de lítio e o cimento resinoso. A hipótese nula avaliada foi que as diferentes marcas de silanos apresentariam similar resistência de união. Métodos: Foramconfeccionados 80 discos de dissilicato de lítio (IPS E.max CAD) com (12 mm x 1 mm). Após a cristalização, foram incluídos em tubos de PVC com resina acrílica e polidos com lixas de carbeto de silício, sob irrigação com água. Após aplicação de ácido hidrofluorídrico 10%, foram lavados e secos e divididos aleatoriamente em 4 grupos para aplicação do silano (n=20). S-Y: Yller; S-M: Monobond N; S-U: Ultradent; S-DS: Dentsply Sirona. Uma matriz de silicone com 4 orifícios foi confecionada e preenchida posteriormente com o cimento resinoso (Multilink N) para realização do teste de microcilhamento (EMIC) e os dados foram avaliados pelo teste one-way ANOVA. Resultados: Análise de variância mostrou que não houveram diferenças estatísticas nos valores médios entre os grupos de tratamento (p=0,404). A média e desvio padrão (DP) da resistência de união (MPa) nos grupos foram: S-Y: 26,9 (6,3); S-M: 28,3 (5,8); S-U: 29,0 (8,0); S-DS: 31,8 (11,0). Conclusões: As diferentes marcas de silano avaliadas apresentaram resistência de união similar entre si. Porém, a aplicação de silano é fundamental para obter melhorias na resistência de união.
Desarrollo sostenible y ciudad
Authors: Serna Isaza Ramón Alberto 
Published: August 2021

El concepto de desarrollo sostenible surge como alternativa ante el fracaso de las grandes concepciones económicas para promover el establecimiento de sociedades más igualitarias. En este documento se analiza el concepto de desarrollo sostenible y su relación con la crisis ambiental,se abordan los objetivos del mismo, según múltiples contextos. Se trata la relación entre ambiente, desarrollo y crecimiento, principalmente a través de la huella ecológica de las ciudades y el efecto que tiene sobre la sostenibilidad la localización de las actividades económicas, los patrones de urbanización y se discuten aspectos propios del desarrollo sostenible en las ciudades latinoamericanas.
Valoración del aspecto social en la evaluación del uso de la tierra Propuesta metodológica
Authors: Martínez Sandra Patricia , Patiño Zaida , Sánchez Olga 
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo es una propuesta metodológica para la valoración de los aspectos sociales dentro de la Evaluación del Uso de la Tierra. Se tomaron como referencia las características de las Unidades de Tierra Jaraquiel y Nariño, localizadas en el Valle del río Sinú y establecidas como tales en Estudio Básico para un Plan de Ocupación del Espacio2, realizado por el IGAC en el año 1987. La presente metodología es una propuesta preliminar, que deberá ser enriquecida y ajustada en la medida en que se aplique a casos reales o se consideren otras perspectivas no tenidas en cuenta aquí.
Continuous Veno-Venous Hemofiltration (CVVH) Improves Iron Metabolism Disorders in Patients with Sepsis：A Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: An Meng-Meng , Liu Chenxi , Jiang Yi , Jin Bei-Bei , Cao Da , Gong Ping 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Iron metabolism disorder is commonly seen in patients with sepsis. This study aimed to evaluate whether continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) improved the iron metabolism disorders in sepsis. Methods: In a single-center, retrospective cohort study, totally 89 sepsis patients were prospectively enrolled and divided into the CVVH group (n=39) and the control group (n=50). Clinical and laboratory data were collected and compared between the groups on days 1, 3 and 7 of ICU admission. Plasma interleukin (IL)-6, hepcidin, erythropoietin (EPO), ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Sequential organ failure scores (SOFA) on days 1 and 7, and 28-day survival between groups were compared. Results: Plasma IL-6, hepcidin, ferritin and RDW on days 3 and 7 were significantly reduced in the CVVH group compared with those in the control group (all P<0.05). The CVVH group had a significantly lower SOFA score on day 7 compared with the control group (P<0.05). Hemoglobin and EPO were gradually decreased within the first week of ICU admission in both groups although no significant differences between the groups were observed. There was no significant difference in sTfR between the two groups along with the time (all P > 0.05). In addition, there were no significant differences in 28-day survival rate and median survival time between the two groups. Conclusions: CVVH improves iron metabolism disorders and the disease severity in sepsis. However, it does not alleviate anemia and fails to improve the survival.
Barriers of Linkage to Hepatitis C Care and Treatment Among People Who Inject Drugs in Georgia
Authors: Butsashvili Maia , Abzianidze Tinatin , Kamkamidze George , Gulbiani Lasha , Gvinjilia Lia , Kuchuloria Tinatin , Tskhomelidze Irina , Gogia Maka , Tsereteli Maia , Miollany Veronique , Kikvidze Tamar , Shadaker Shaun , Nasrullah Muazzam , Averhoff Francisco 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: People who inject drugs (PWID) in Georgia have a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV). Access to care among PWID could be prioritized to meet the country’s hepatitis C elimination goals. This study assesses barriers of linkage to hepatitis C care among PWID in Georgia.Methods: Study participants were enrolled from 13 harm reduction centers throughout Georgia. Anti-HCV positive PWID who were tested for viremia (linked to care [LC]), were compared to those not tested for viremia within 90 days of screening anti-HCV positive (not linked to care [NLC]). Participants were interviewed about potential barriers to seeking care.Results: A total of 500 PWID were enrolled, 245 LC and 255 NLC. LC and NLC were similar with respect to gender, age, employment status, education, knowledge of anti-HCV status, and confidence/trust in the elimination program (p>0.05). More NLC (13.0%) than LC (7.4%) stated they were not sufficiently informed what to do after screening anti-HCV positive (p<0.05). In multivariate analysis, linkage to care was associated with perceived affordability of the elimination program (adjusted prevalence ratio=8.53; 95% confidence interval: 4.14-17.62). Conclusions: Post testing counselling and making hepatitis C services affordable could help increase linkage to care among PWID in Georgia.