bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ADHD in women - a review
Authors: Brzezińska Agnieszka , Borowiecka Monika , Zając Marlena , Warchoł Konrad , Michniak Wiktor 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) for many years has been thought to occur mainly in the male population. However, recent studies and change in professionals' perception allowed us to understand that there are significant differences between predominant features related to the gender of the affected person, which changes our look at how the condition may exhibit in women.
Current state of knowledge: In this review, we provide a general look at the disorder, its characteristics in the young and adult population, differences in symptoms and finally - how it may prove difficult to diagnose this condition among women. Several factors that could contribute to development of ADHD were listed in literature, among them genetics, prenatal period, diet and parents’ emotional wellbeing. Concerning women, they are considered to internalize their psychological struggles, such as depression and stress more often than men, rendering them more susceptible toward suicidal behaviors and making diagnosis harder.
Conclusions: When it comes to diagnosis in women, the main difficulty is that the symptoms are presented in a different way compared to men suffering from the same disorder. Because of those reasons, it’s harder to make a proper diagnosis. Therefore, further studies, taking account of affected one’s gender needs to be conducted, while medical professionals have to be more cautious.
Situation of oncological patients during COVID-19 pandemic with particular emphasis on lung cancer patients
Authors: Pytka Michalina , Oszczędłowski Paweł , Nowaczek Justyna , Żywicka Aleksandra 
Published: September 2021

Introduction and purpose: The purpose of this study is to review literature about alterations to treatment regimens to lung cancer during COVID-19 pandemic accessible on PubMed platform. In pulmonary neoplasms, early diagnosis and treatment is a key to ensure patient safety. Burdening of healthcare systems during pandemic has resulted in many obstacles in oncologic treatment.
A brief description of the state of knowledge: The lung cancer is the most frequent and the most deadly cancer in men and women. COVID-19 is a pulmonary infectious disease whose spread around the world has resulted in a pandemic. At the onset of the worldwide pandemic, many institutions, including healthcare facilities were closed, making it more difficult to provide oncological patients the treatment compliant with the standards. The anxiety of patients caused by the pandemic has caused delays in treatment that can cause progression of the disease. In patients with lung cancer mortality of COVID-19 was around 50%, which made their visits at hospital hazardous. Before the accessibility of anti-COVID-19 vaccines telemedical healthcare was one of the ways to provide healthcare to oncological patients.
Conclusions: Patients with lung cancer are one of the risk groups of COVID-19. Delays in their treatment caused by the pandemic are potentially dangerous and negatively affect the therapy. Telemedicine is a useful too provide medical care, but has its own limitations.
OCENA ZWINNOŚCI I PORUSZANIA WIELOKIERUNKOWEGO ZA POMOCĄ T AGILITY TEST U MŁODYCH ZAWODNIKÓW UPRAWIAJĄCYCH PIŁKĘ RĘCZNĄ
Authors: Woszczek Iwona , Szczypiór-Piasecka Karina , Antczak Krzysztof , Mińko Alicja 
Published: September 2021

WSTĘP: T Agility Test jest jednym z testów, który ocenia poruszanie wielokierunkowe w połączeniu z szybkością wykonywanych ruchów. T test ocenia również stabilność dynamiczną zwaną inaczej zwinnością. Została ona określona jako zdolność do utrzymania kontrolowanej pozycji ciała i szybkiej zmiany kierunku ruchu bez utraty równowagi. Test przydatny jest w sportach takich jak piłka ręczna czy koszykówka. W piłce ręcznej zawodnicy odnoszą wiele kontuzji, z czego najczęstsze powstają podczas treningów oraz meczów, gdy dochodzi do starcia z innymi zawodnikami. Najczęstsze kontuzje dotyczą stawów nadgarstkowych, skokowych, ramiennych i kolanowych.
CEL: 1. Porównanie stabilności dynamicznej u młodzieży trenującej piłkę ręczną. 2. Wpływ kontuzji na wynik T testu u piłkarzy ręcznych. 3. Przydatność T testu do oceny stabilności dynamicznej i poruszania wielokierunkowego u sportowców.
MATERIAŁ I METODY: 23 młodych zawodników piłki ręcznej zostało przebadanych testem T Agility oraz przeprowadzono kwestionariusz badań. Do przeprowadzenia testu potrzebne były przybory takie jak: pachołki, stoper oraz centymetr. Pachołki rozstawiono na kształt litery T. Zadaniem zawodnika było jak najszybsze pokonanie wyznaczonego dystansu.
WYNIKI: Średni czas T testu wyniósł 10,95 s Najszybszy zawodnik osiągnął 9,15 s, a czas najgorszy to 12,11 s. Najwięcej zawodników (14) odniosło kontuzje w stawie skokowym. Częstymi kontuzjami okazały się skręcenie stawu, p=0,56 oraz zerwanie/naderwanie mięśnia/ścięgna ,(p=0,48). Najczęstsze kontuzje w stawie nadgarstkowym dotyczyły złamania palców, p=0,29 oraz wybicia palców p=0,14.
WNIOSKI: 1. T test przydaje się do oceny stabilności dynamicznej i poruszania wielokierunkowego sportowców. 2. Przebyte kontuzje nie mają znaczącego wpływu na wynik T testu. 3. T test jest przydatnym narzędziem w procesie treningowym.
PROGRAM KOMPLEKSOWEJ REHABILITACJI PO RESEKCJI MIĘSAKA KOSTNOPOCHODNEGO KOŚCI RAMIENNEJ I PORESEKCYJNEJ ENDOPROTEZOPLASTYCE MUTARS
Authors: Antas Paulina , Szczypiór-Piasecka Karina , Mińko Alicja , Antczak Krzysztof 
Published: September 2021

Wstęp: Mięsaki kości są nowotworami złośliwymi o pochodzeniu mezenchymalnym, których występowanie jest zjawiskiem rzadkim. Najczęściej zdiagnozowanym pierwotnym nowotworem kości jest wrzecionowatokomórkowy mięsak kostnopochodny (osteosarcoma). Mięsaki kości w głównej mierze lokalizują się w kościach długich kończyn, najczęściej w kości udowej, piszczelowej oraz ramiennej. Celem niniejszej pracy jest przedstawienie programu kompleksowej rehabilitacji po resekcji mięsaka kostnopochodnego kości ramiennej i poresekcyjnej endoprotezoplastyce Mutars.
Materiał i metody: Praca została napisana na podstawie historii choroby pacjentki leczonej w Klinice Ortopedii, Traumatologii i Onkologii Narządu Ruchu Pomorskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Szczecinie.
Wyniki: Rehabilitacja szpitalna trwa zazwyczaj około 7 dni. Głównym jej celem jest możliwie szybki powrót pacjenta do optymalnego funkcjonowania i wykonywania czynności dnia codziennego. Rehabilitacja poszpitalna trwa znacznie dłużej niż rehabilitacja szpitalna i zależy od stanu pacjenta. Jej głównym celem jest odzyskanie przez pacjenta siły mięśniowej.
Wnioski: Rehabilitacja jest ważnym elementem postępowania leczniczego pacjentów onkologicznych. Wczesne zapoczątkowanie rehabilitacji przynosi wymierne korzyści w czasie trwania leczenia oraz powrotu chorego do zdrowia.
Słowa kluczowe: endoprotezoplastyka, mięsak kości, mięsak kościopochodny, rehabilitacja
Program kompleksowej rehabilitacji po poresekcyjnej alloplastyce kości promieniowej z rekonstrukcją stawu promieniowo-łokciowego i nadgarstka w wyniku leczenia guza olbrzymiokomórkowego
Authors: Szczypiór-Piasecka Karina , Domrzalski Dominik , Antczak Krzysztof , Mińko Alicja , Orłowska Aleksandra 
Published: September 2021

Wstęp: Nowotwory kości są stosunkowo rzadkie. Do najczęściej występujących mięsaków kości należą: mięsak kościopochodny (osteosarcoma – 45%), mięsak Ewinga (18%), który częściej występuje u młodzieży oraz chrzęstniakomięsak (chondrosarcoma – 15%), który częściej zdarza się osób dorosłych. Celem poniższej pracy było przybliżenie tematyki nowotworów jako jednego z problemów w dziedzinie ortopedii oraz przedstawienie programu rehabilitacji pacjenta po leczeniu guza olbrzymiokomórkowego.
Materiał i metody: Praca została napisana na podstawie historii choroby pacjenta leczonejgo w Klinice Ortopedii, Traumatologii i Onkologii Narządu Ruchu Pomorskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Szczecinie.
Wyniki: Po operacji głównym celem rehabilitacji było zapobieganie zanikom mięśniowym oraz utrzymanie prawidłowego zakresu ruchomości w stawach. W tym celu wykorzystano początkowo ćwiczenia wspomagane, które następnie pacjent wykonywał sam jako ćwiczenia czynne. Do rehabilitacji pacjenta wykorzystano m.in. techniki PNF, osteopatii i terapii manualnej. W rehabilitacji poszpitalnej za główny cel obrano wzmacnianie siły mięśniowej.
Wnioski: Rehabilitacja jest nieodłącznym elementem postępowania leczniczego pacjentów onkologicznych. Wczesne zapoczątkowanie rehabilitacji przynosi wymierne korzyści w czasie trwania leczenia oraz powrotu chorego do zdrowia.
High performance plasmonically enhanced graphene photodetector for near-infrared wavelengths
Authors: Yousefi Somayeh , Pourmahyabadi Maryam , Rostami Ali 
Published: September 2021

Graphene is a very attractive material for applications in optoelectronic devices such as photodetectors because of fast response and broadband absorption. However, the weak absorption of the graphene layer limits the performance of graphene-based photodetectors. To this end, a high responsivity graphene-based plasmonic photodetector, operating over a wide optical wavelength range, is presented. In order to enhance the light absorption efficiency and, consequently, to improve the responsivity of the photodetector, a graphene layer and a specific plasmonic nanostructure are combined. The numerical simulation results reveal that nearly perfect light absorption is achieved at the wavelength of 1550 nm for the proposed structure and also, this structure is polarization insensitive and enables perfect absorption for TE and TM polarizations at the wavelength of 1550 nm. The circuit model of the structure is presented based on transmission line theory whose results are in very good agreement with the numerical simulation results. Also, the high responsivity of 513 mA/W and the bandwidth of 47 GHz are achieved for this scheme.
Rapid noise removal based dual adversarial network for the Brillouin optical time domain analyzer
Authors: Liu Jingyang , Wang Tao , Zhang Qian , Chen Huan , Zhang Jianzhong , Qiao Lijun , Gao Shaohua , Zhang Mingjiang 
Published: September 2021

We propose a dual adversarial network (DANet) to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the Brillouin optical time domain analyzer. Rather than inferring the conditional posteriori distribution in the conventional maximum a posteriori (MAP) framework, DANet constructs a joint distribution from two different factorizations corresponding to the noise removal and generation tasks. This method utilizes all the information between the clean–noisy image pairs to preserve data completely without requiring traditional image priors and noise distribution assumptions. Additionally, the clean–noisy image pairs produced by the generator can expand the original dataset to retrain and enhance the denoising effect. The performance of DANet is verified using the simulated and experimental data. Without spatial resolution deterioration, an SNR improvement of 35.51 dB is observed in the simulation, and the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) uncertainty along the fiber is reduced by 3.56 MHz. Experiments yield a maximum SNR improvement of 19.08 dB, with the BFS uncertainty along the fiber reduced by 0.93 MHz. Significantly, DANet has a processing time of 1.26 s, which is considerably faster than conventional methods, demonstrating its potential for rapid noise removal tasks.
Hochschulübergreifende Digitale Lehr‑/Lernkonzepte zum Geschäftsprozessmanagement – Herausforderungen und Lessons Learned
Authors: Plattfaut Ralf , Stein Armin , Bergener Katrin 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungDurch die Covid-19-Pandemie und die entsprechenden „Lock-Downs“ wurde der digitale Lehrbetrieb an Hochschulen weiter in den Vordergrund gerückt. Die in den vergangenen Jahren und Jahrzehnten gesammelten Erfahrungen im E‑Learning und Blended Learning-Bereich sind zwar hilfreich, für die jetzt geforderte rein digitale Lehre in den meisten Fällen aber noch unzureichend.Im Wintersemester 2020/2021 haben die Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster und die Fachhochschule Südwestfalen eine Online-Lehrveranstaltung zum Thema „Fundamentals of Business Process Management“ im Rahmen der jeweiligen Bachelorstudiengänge Wirtschaftsinformatik durchgeführt. Die Online-Vorlesung selbst diente als Vorbereitung auf eine darauf aufbauende seminaristisch angelegte internationale Winter School. Die Inhalte basierten auf einem anerkannten und gleichnamigen Lehrbuch, für die Online-Vorlesung wurde auf entsprechendes von den Lehrbuchautor*innen vorbereitetes und durch die Dozent*innen kuratiertes Videomaterial zurückgegriffen. Während an der Fachhochschule regelmäßige virtuelle Austauschrunden (Video-Konferenzen) angeboten wurden, um potenzielle Fragen der Studierenden zu beantworten, war der Vorbereitungskurs an der Universität als reine Online-Veranstaltung ausgelegt. Die Prüfung wurde an beiden Hochschulen als Open Book Online-Klausur über die jeweilige Lehrplattform abgelegt. Die entsprechenden Aufgaben wurden von den Dozent*innen arbeitsteilig zuerst auf der eigenen Lehrplattform (Moodle) erstellt und dann in die jeweils andere Lehrplattform übertragen.In diesem Artikel berichten wir von diesem hochschulübergreifend durchgeführten Modul und explizieren aufbauend auf den Erfahrungen der Dozent*innen sowie dem Feedback der Studierenden Herausforderungen und Lessons Learned. Wir diskutieren Möglichkeiten zur Weiterentwicklung und geben Hinweise für die zukünftige Gestaltung entsprechender Kurse.
Risk factors, predictions, and progression of acute kidney injury in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: An observational retrospective cohort study
Authors: Naser Maryam N. , Al-Ghatam Rana , Darwish Abdulla H. , Alqahtani Manaf M. , Alahmadi Hajar A. , Mohamed Khalifa A. , Hasan Nahed K. , Perez Nuria S. 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivesStudies have shown that acute kidney injury (AKI) occurrence post SARS-CoV-2 infection is complex and has a poor prognosis. Therefore, more studies are needed to understand the rate and the predications of AKI involvement among hospitalized COVID-19 patients and AKI’s impact on prognosis while under different types of medications.Patients and methodsThis study is a retrospective observational cohort study conducted at Bahrain Defence Force (BDF) Royal Medical Services. Medical records of COVID-19 patients admitted to BDF hospital, treated, and followed up from April 2020 to October 2020 were retrieved. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression with covariate adjustment, and the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence (95% CI) interval were reported.ResultsAmong 353 patients admitted with COVID-19, 47.6% developed AKI. Overall, 51.8% of patients with AKI died compared to 2.2% of patients who did not develop AKI (p< 0.001 with OR 48.6 and 95% CI 17.2–136.9). Besides, deaths in patients classified with AKI staging were positively correlated and multivariate regression analysis revealed that moderate to severe hypoalbuminemia (<32 g/L) was independently correlated to death in AKI patients with an OR of 10.99 (CI 95% 4.1–29.3, p<0.001). In addition, 78.2% of the dead patients were on mechanical ventilation. Besides age as a predictor of AKI development, diabetes and hypertension were the major risk factors of AKI development (OR 2.04, p<0.01, and 0.05 for diabetes and hypertension, respectively). Also, two or more comorbidities substantially increased the risk of AKI development in COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, high levels upon hospital admission of D-Dimer, Troponin I, and ProBNP and low serum albumin were associated with AKI development. Lastly, patients taking ACEI/ARBs had less chance to develop AKI stage II/III with OR of 0.19–0.27 (p<0.05–0.01).ConclusionsThe incidence of AKI in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and the mortality rate among AKI patients were high and correlated with AKI staging. Furthermore, laboratory testing for serum albumin, hypercoagulability and cardiac injury markers maybe indicative for AKI development. Therefore, clinicians should be mandated to perform such tests on admission and follow-up in hospitalized patients.
Evidence-based vs. social media based high-intensity interval training protocols: Physiological and perceptual responses
Authors: Hesketh Katie L. , Church Hannah , Kinnafick Florence , Shepherd Sam O. , Wagenmakers Anton J. M. , Cocks Matthew , Strauss Juliette A. 
Published: September 2021

Objective
High intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time-efficient exercise modality to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, and has recently been popularised by social media influencers. However, little is known regarding acute physiological and perceptual responses to these online protocols compared to HIIT protocols used within research. The aim was to investigate acute physiological, perceptual and motivational responses to two HIIT protocols popular on social media, and compare these to two evidence-based protocols.

Methods
Twenty-seven recreationally active (>1 exercise session /week) participants (Age: 22±3y, BMI: 24.3±2.4) completed a randomised cross-over study, whereby each participant completed four HIIT protocols, two already established in research (Ergo-60:60 (cycling 10x60s at 100%Wmaxwith 60s rest), BW-60:60 (body-weight exercises 10x60swith 60s rest)) and two promoted on social media (SM-20:10 (body-weight exercises 20x20swith 10s rest) and SM-40:20 (body-weight exercises 15x40s with 20s rest)). Blood lactate, heart rate (HR), feeling scale (FS), felt arousal scale (FSA), enjoyment and perceived competence were measured in response to each protocol.

Results
Significant differences were observed between BW-60:60 and SM-20:10 for the proportion of intervals meeting the ACSM high-intensity exercise criterion (>80% of HRmax) (BW-60:60 93±10%, SM-20:10 74±20%, P = 0.039) and change in lactate (BW-60:60 +7.8±3.7mmol/L, SM-20:10 +5.5±2.6mmol/L, P = 0.001). The percentage of time spent above the criterion HR was also significantly lower in SM-20:10 compared to all other protocols (Ergo-60:60 13.9±4.9min, BW-60:60 13.5±3.5min, SM-40:20 12.1±2.4min, SM-20:10 7.7±3.1, P<0.05). No differences were observed in lowest reported FS between protocols (P = 0.268), but FS decreased linearly throughout Ergo-60:60 and BW-60:60 (first vs. last interval P<0.05), but not in SM-20:10 or SM-40:20 (P>0.05). Enjoyment was higher upon completion of BW-60:60 compared to Ergo-60:60 and SM-40:20 (P<0.05).

Conclusions
This study shows that HIIT protocols available on social media offer an interesting real-world alternative for promoting exercise participation. Future studies should continue to investigate these highly popular and practical HIIT protocols.
Factors affecting uptake of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device: A mixed-method study of social franchise clients in Nigeria
Authors: Brunie Aurélie , Nwala Anthony Adindu , Stankevitz Kayla , Lydon Megan , Danna Kendal , Afolabi Kayode , Rademacher Kate H. 
Published: September 2021

Background
Despite the positive characteristics of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (IUD)–a long-acting, highly effective contraceptive with important non-contraceptive attributes–the method has not been widely available in low- and middle-income countries. This study of hormonal IUD, copper IUD, implant and injectable users in Nigeria compares their characteristics, reasons for method choice, and experiences obtaining their method.

Methods
We conducted a phone survey with 888 women who received a hormonal IUD, copper IUD, contraceptive implant or injectable from 40 social franchise clinics across 18 states in Nigeria. We analyzed survey data descriptively by method and assessed factors associated with hormonal IUD use through multivariate logistic regression models. Follow-up in-depth interviews conducted with 32 women were analyzed thematically.

Results
There were few differences by method used in the socio-demographic profiles and contraceptive history of participants. Among users choosing a long-acting, reversible method, the top reasons for method choice included perceptions that the method was “right for my body,” long duration, recommended by provider, recommended by friends/family, few or manageable side effects, and high effectiveness. Among hormonal IUD users, 17% mentioned reduced bleeding (inclusive of lighter, shorter, or no period), and 16% mentioned treatment of heavy or painful periods. Qualitative data supported these findings. Among survey respondents, between 25% and 33% said they would have chosen no method if the method they received had not been available. Both quantitative and qualitative data indicated that partner support can affect contraceptive use, with in-depth interviews revealing that women typically needed partner permission to use contraception, but men were less influential in method choice.

Conclusions
Expanding access to the hormonal IUD as part of a full method mix provides an opportunity to expand contraceptive choice for women in Nigeria. Findings are timely as the government is poised to introduce the method on a wider scale.
The level of postoperative care influences mortality prediction by the POSPOM score: A retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Menzenbach Jan , Layer Yannik C. , Layer Yonah L. , Mayr Andreas , Coburn Mark , Wittmann Maria , Hilbert Tobias 
Published: September 2021

Background
The Preoperative Score to Predict Postoperative Mortality (POSPOM) assesses the patients’ individual risk for postsurgical intrahospital death based on preoperative parameters. We hypothesized that mortality predicted by the POSPOM varies depending on the level of postoperative care.

Methods
All patients age over 18 years undergoing inpatient surgery or interventions involving anesthesia at a German university hospital between January 2006, and December 2017, were assessed for eligibility for this retrospective study. Endpoint was death in hospital following surgery. Adaptation of the POSPOM to the German coding system was performed as previously described. The whole cohort was divided according to the level of postoperative care (normal ward vs. intensive care unit (ICU) admission within 24 h vs. later than 24 h, respectively).

Results
199,258 patients were finally included. Observed intrahospital mortality was 2.0% (4,053 deaths). 9.6% of patients were transferred to ICU following surgery, and mortality of those patients was increased already at low POSPOM values of 15. 17,165 patients were admitted to ICU within 24 h, and these patients were older, had more comorbidities, or underwent more invasive surgery, reflected by a higher median POSPOM score compared to the normal-ward group (29 vs. 17, p <0.001). Mortality in that cohort was significantly increased to 8.7% (p <0.001). 2,043 patients were admitted to ICU later than 24 h following surgery (therefore denoted unscheduled admission), and the median POSPOM value of that group was 23. Observed mortality in this cohort was highest (13.5%, p <0.001 vs. ICU admission <24 h cohort).

Conclusion
Increased mortality in patients transferred to high-care wards reflects the significance of, e.g., intra- or early postoperative events for the patients’ outcome. Therefore, scoring systems considering only preoperative variables such as the POSPOM reveal limitations to predict the individual benefit of postoperative ICU admission.