bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DHI increases the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells through PI3K/AKT pathway and the expression of CXCL12 and GDNF to promote facial nerve function repair
Authors: Gao Dekun , Sun Lianhua , Sun Xiayu , Yang Jun , He Jingchun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundDanhong injection (DHI) is a commonly used drug in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and its neuroprotective research has been fully confirmed. Schwann cells, as myelin forming cells of peripheral nerve, play an important role in the process of injury and repair. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of DHI on Schwann cells and its role in facial nerve injury.MethodsRSC 96 Schwann cells were treated with different concentrations (0 –2%) of DHI for different time intervals (12 and 36 h). Effect of DHI on cell viability and migration were determined by CCK8 and Transwell assays. The levels of PI3K-Akt signaling related proteins were measured by western blotting analysis, and the effects of DHI on GDNF and CXCL12 using Western Blot, RT-qPCR, and ELISA assays at the cellular and animal levels, respectively. Then LY294002, an inhibitor of PI3K, was used to study the effect of DHI on cell migration and secretion of CXCL12 and GDNF in RSC96 cells by Transwell, Western Blot, RT-qPCR, and ELISA assays. Finally, facial nerve scoring and S-100 immunofluorescence staining were used to study the therapeutic effects of DHI on facial nerve injury.ResultsOur study found that DHI can promote the proliferation and migration of RSC96 cells, and this effect is related to the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway. LY294002 inhibits the proliferation and migration of RSC96 cells. Besides, DHI can also promote the expression of CXCL12 and GDNF at gene and protein levels, and CXCL12 is, while GDNF is not, PI3K/AKT pathway-dependent. Animal experiments confirmed that DHI could promote CXCL12 and GDNF expression, and promote facial nerve function recovery and myelin regeneration. Conclusion Our in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that DHI could promote proliferation and migration of Schwann cells through the PI3K/AKT pathway, and increase the expression of CXCL12 and GDNF to promote facial nerve function repair.
Changes in the Prevalence of Disability among Older Adults in India: Longitudinal Influence of Socio-economic and Health-related Factors
Authors: Paul Ronak , Srivast Shobhit , Thalil Muhammad , Rashmi Rashmi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: While experiencing a double burden of both communicable and non-communicable diseases, three-fourth of the Indian population aged 50 and above are suffering from some form of disability. Existing studies on physical limitations highlight the determinants of late-life disabilities, however, limited evidence has shown how the socio-economic and health-related factors influence the elderly recovering or acquiring disability status in the Indian context. Method: The current study uses two waves of the India Human Development Survey (IHDS) and is based on panel data of 10527 older adults. Both bivariate and multiple variable regression analysis were performed using two binary outcome variables in this study – whether older adults acquired disability and recovered from disability between round-I and round-II, respectively.Results: Nearly 31.5% and 4.4% of older adults have acquired and recovered disability across the two rounds respectively. 38.5% and 45.8% of female older adults’ disability status changes to disable and recovered in round 2 respectively. A lesser proportion of older adults have recovered from a disability who have a chronic disease in round 1. Cataract chronic conditions among older adults in round 1 had shown 1.45 times (CI: 1.07-1.97) a significantly higher likelihood of acquiring disability in round 2. Older adults who were unmarried and were not working in round 1 have 1.12 times (CI: 1.01-1.25) and 1.21 times (CI: 1.06-1.39) a higher likelihood of acquiring disability in round 2 respectively. Recovering from disability was mostly seen among older adults who belong to the richest (OR: 2.38, CI: 1.31-4.33) and medium (OR: 2.16, CI: 1.27-3.69) wealth quintile households. Older adults residing in the central region of India have 2.72 times (CI: 2.31-3.19) significantly higher chance of acquiring disability than those who were residing in northern regions.Conclusion: Appropriate measures are required to highlight the importance of chronic physical diseases and several socio-demographic factors that may negatively affect the trajectory of disability in older ages.
A 2-Hydroxy-1-Naphthaldehyde Schiff Base for Turn-on Fluorescence Detection of Zn2+ based on PET Mechanism
Authors: Mu Xinyue , Shi Liping , Yan Liqiang , Tang Ningli 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Zinc ion is closely related to human health. Its content in human body is small, while the effect is large. However, it is not the more the better, must be in a scientific balance. Therefore, it is significant to the rapid detection of Zn2+ in the environment and organism. Herein, a fluorescent probe based on 2-hydroxy-1-naphthalene formaldehyde and furan-2-carbohydrazide was conveniently synthesized via Schiff base reaction. And this probe has been successfully applied to the accurate and quantitative detection of Zn2+ in real samples, showing turn on fluorescence, good selectivity, very low detection limit, real time response and reusability. In addition, this probe has the potential application to trace Zn2+ in living cells with low cytotoxicity.
Study on the sensory and safety quality characteristics of "High mountain tea" and its formation causes: A comprehensive basic research
Authors: Wang Cong-ming , Du Xiao , Nie Cong-ning , Zhang Xiang , Qin Xiao-tan , Li Qian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
High mountain tea(HT)is an important resource for high quality tea because of its superior ecological environment and rich contents. In this study, we used sensory evaluation, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS), flavor activity value and risk factors to characterize the flavor (aroma and taste) and safety (heavy metals and pesticide residues) characteristics of HT, and then combined with the production process and environmental conditions to explore the reasons for its quality formation. The results showed that, the aroma sensory characteristics of HT were tender and green, accompanied by sweet and slight chestnut. 8 aroma compounds were identified as the important contributing substances to aroma characteristics and the high ratio of " green substances " and "chestnut substances " was the main reason for its unique aroma characteristics. The taste sensory characteristics of HT were high in freshness and sweetness, low in bitterness and astringency. High content of soluble sugar, non ester catechins, sweet free amino acids and low content of caffeine and tea polyphenols are the main reasons for its taste characteristics. Low temperature stress is the most fundamental reason for the formation of flavor characteristics of HT. In addition, the pollution risks of HT of 5 heavy metals and 50 pesticide residues are all less than 1. The complex ecosystem and low level of chemical control are the main reasons for the high safety quality of HT. All in all, these findings enable us to have a more comprehensive understanding of the quality characteristics and formation reasons of HT.
Repurposing Non-invasive prenatal testing data; population study of single nucleotide variants associated with colorectal cancer and Lynch syndrome
Authors: Forgacova Natalia , Gazdarica Juraj , Budis Jaroslav , Radvanszky Jan , Szemes Tomas 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
PURPOSE: In our previous work, we described genomic data generated through non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) based on low-coverage massively parallel whole-genome sequencing of total plasma DNA of pregnant women in Slovakia as a valuable source of population specific data. In the present study, we used these data to determine the population allele frequency of common risk variants located in genes associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) and Lynch syndrome (LS). METHODS: Allele frequencies of identified variants were compared with six world populations to detect significant differences between populations. Finally, we interpreted variants and searched for functional consequences and clinical significance of variants using publicly available databases.RESULTS: Although we could not identify any pathogenic variants associated with CRC or LS in the Slovak population using NIPT data, we observed significant differences in the allelic frequency of risk CRC variants previously reported in GWAS and common variants located in genes associated with LS. CONCLUSION: As Slovakia is the third country with the highest incidence of CRC per 100 000 population in the world, we highlight a need for studies dedicated to the cause of such a high incidence of CRC in Slovakia. We also assume that extensive cross-country data aggregation of NIPT results would represent an unprecedented source of information about human genome variation, also in cancer research.
Using Online Bees Algorithm for Real-time Permutation Flow Shop Problem in Car Disassembly Line
Authors: sahin murat , Chao Wang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The automobile disassembly line is a typical permutation flow shop problem (PFSP). In the automobile disassembly line, the goal of the research is to minimize the completion time of scheduling with optimizing the disassembly order of vehicles. However, disassembly time was uncertain at the initial stage as the consuming time of cars’ specific sequence only could be roughly estimated, which make the PFSP in automobile disassembly line unlike the traditional ones. In this study, the real-time PFSP problem in automobile disassembly line was defined and well solved with the proposed online Bees Algorithm (O-BA). The algorithm has been prepared in Matlab/Simulink to work in real-time. Time consumed by each component of each vehicle was roughly estimated based on engineer’s experience. First optimisation was carried out to decide the disassembly order of vehicles to be disassembled. When each component was disassembled, the real consuming time value was updated with the detecting system which was realized in Simulink. Then the O-BA was activated and created the new solution for the disassembly order of vehicles which were still not entering the disassembly line. The proposed O-BA algorithm has an online structure and conducted the optimisation with distinguishing whether the vehicles to be disassembled were entering the disassembly line. The result shows the O-BA with the detecting system was succeeded in realizing real-time PFSP in the disassembly line. Moreover, the method proposed in this study was suitable for solving the same kind of real-time PFSP in the assembly line or disassembly line.
Melanocortin 1 Receptor Activation Protects Against Alpha-Synuclein Pathologies in Models of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Cai Waijiao , Feng Danielle , Lin Yue , Vanderburg Charles R , Xu Yuehang , Mclean Pamela , Frosch Matthew P , Fisher David E , Schwarzschild Michael A , Chen Xiqun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Epidemiological studies suggest a link between the melanoma-related pigmentation gene melanocortin 1 receptor ( MC1R ) and risk of Parkinson disease (PD). We previously showed that MC1R signaling can facilitate nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuron survival. The present study investigates the neuroprotective potential of MC1R against neurotoxicity induced by alpha-synuclein (αSyn), a key player in PD genetics and pathogenesis. Methods: Nigral dopaminergic neuron toxicity induced by local overexpression of aSyn was assessed in mice that had an inactivating mutation of MC1R , overexpressed its wild-type transgene, or were treated with MC1R agonists. The role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in MC1R-mediated protection against αSyn was characterized in vitro . Furthermore, MC1R expression was determined in human postmortem midbrains from patients with PD and unaffected subjects. Results: Targeted expression of αSyn in the nigrostriatal pathway induced exacerbated synuclein pathologies in MC1R mutant mice, which were accompanied by neuroinflammation and altered Nrf2 responses, and reversed by the human MC1R transgene. Two MC1R agonists were neuroprotective against αSyn-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity. In vitro experiments showed that Nrf2 was a necessary mediator of MC1R effects. Lastly, MC1R was present in dopaminergic neurons in the human substantia nigra and appeared to be reduced in PD patients. Conclusion: Our study supports an interaction between MC1R and αSyn that can be mediated by neuronal MC1R through Nrf2. It provides evidence for MC1R as a therapeutic target and a rationale for development of MC1R-activating strategies for PD.
The electronic origins of the “rare earth” texture effect in magnesium alloys
Authors: Mahjoub Reza , Stanford Nikki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Although magnesium alloys are lightweight, recyclable and relatively cheap, they suffer from poor ductility. This can be improved by the addition of rare earth (RE) elements, and this is now a well-established criterion for wrought alloy design. It is notable that this behavior is largely restricted to the lanthanides, but no hypothesis is yet available to explain why other elements do not have the same effect. To answer this question, ab initio simulations of crystallographically complex boundaries have been undertaken to examine the electronic origin of the RE effect. While the electronic structure provided strong bonding between the RE elements and their Mg surroundings, local disruption in atomic arrangement at the grain boundaries was found to diminish this effect. This work shows quantifiable changes in electronic structure of solutes resulting from grain boundary crystallography, and is suggested to be a contributing factor to the RE texture effect.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation on the Stability of Loess Embankment Treated by Chemical Solution under Freezing-Thawing Conditions
Authors: Liu Hua , Niu Zelin , Dong Yuanhong , Liu Naifei , Zhang Shuocheng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to study the influence of chemical solution on the stability of loess embankment in seasonally frozen regions, the compression index, shear strength index and embankment safety factor of compacted loess fillings that were treated by different concentrations of chemical solution were analyzed through laboratory test and slope stability analysis program. The experimental results showed that the collapsible coefficients of remolded loess treated by different chemical solution will all increase which comparing the distilled water, and then will change again after freezing-thawing cycles (FTCs). The compression index of undisturbed loess will show regularity with the increase of chemical solution concentration. The shear strength of remolded loess also changed under the chemical solution and FTCs. Besides, simulation of the strength parameters by limit equilibrium methods showed that the safety factor of loess embankment with treatment of solution was significantly higher than that of untreated one, and the FTC would cause a further deterioration. The embankment stability improved after treated by chemical solution without considering seepage of rainwater. These results would provide a novel method to the problem of embankment stability related to environmental condition changes.
An Automatic Method for Rice Seed Vigor Classification Via Radicle Emergence Test Using Image Processing, Curve Fitting and Clustering Method
Authors: Onwimol Damrongvudhi , Phimcharoen Wanwisa , Sermwuthisarn Parichat , Tejakhod Sujittra , Chaisan Tanapon 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Rice seed vigor classification is important for seed storage management by seed producers and by farmers planning their cultivation activities. Field emergence is a direct method of seed vigor testing but is laborious, time-consuming and subjective. The saturated salt accelerated aging (SSAA) test is often used as an indirect method for rice seed vigor classification in the laboratory. However, the results from such a method are often imprecise. This paper presents the SV-RICE package, a simple, cost-efficient and flexible procedure that utilizes computer image analysis for high-throughput, automatic rice seed vigor classification. SV-RICE consists of 4 steps: dynamic imaging, image processing, curve fitting and clustering. Seed vigor has been classified based on radicle emergence indices, such as maximum radicle emergence (MRET), mean radicle emergence time (MaxRE), radicle emergence speed (t50), uniformity of radicle emergence (U7525), and area under the curve of the radicle emergence fitted curve (AUC).Results: Parameters used to classify rice seed vigor, such as MRET, U7525 and t50, were strong negative correlation with the SSAA test. The germination time of 90 hours, at 25°C, was sufficient for effective classification based on SV-RICE, whereas the SSAA test takes approximately 400 hours to complete. The SV-RICE software algorithm was set up to be especially suitable for assessment after 6 months under controlled atmosphere storage (at 15°C and 37%RH in hermetic bag). The study showed that SV-RICE could unambiguously classify 40 Indica rice samples with different varieties, production years, production sites, storage times and storage conditions compared to the SSAA test.Conclusions: This paper confirmed the accuracy, reproducibility and flexibility of the SV-RICE package for automatic seed vigor classification of Oryza sativa seeds; however, it is likely applicable to other species as a viable alternative to current methods that require more time and are less precise.
Near-Infrared Luminescence Investigation of Cr4+ ions Doped Germanate
Authors: Zeng Fanming , Wang Dongmei , Jiang Xiliang , Leng Zhuang , Wang Xinyu , Yang Weiling , Zhang Tianqing , Shi Xueming , Zhang Xu , Li Chun , Su Zhongmin , Lin Hai , Liu Lina , Zhou Yanyan , Zhang Xuejian , Liu Huisheng , Li Yongtao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the preparation of a series of Li2TiGe1-xCrxO5 phosphors by high-temperature solid-state reaction is reported. The results of X-ray diffraction show that the doping of Cr4+ ions makes the lattice expand to a larger size. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis shows that the chromium ions in the sample are tetravalent, confirmed further by fluorescence spectroscopy. Under the excitation of 980nm laser, the Cr4+ ions 3T2 doped 3A2 radiates transition and emits light at 1300nm. At the same time, the luminescence lifetime decreases with the increase in Cr4+ ions doping concentration. Li2TiGe1-xCrxO5 phosphors have a broad application prospect in near-infrared LEDs.
Explicitly Analyze the Soil Erosion in the Karst and Non-Karst Area of Different Morphological Types in Guizhou of China
Authors: Lan Anjun , Fan Zemeng , Zhao Qingsong , Bai Xuyang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
How to explicitly understanding the soil erosion intensity change in different geomorphological types is one of key issues in the field of soil and water conservation. According to classification criterion of soil erosion intensity of China, the spatial soil erosion data with the resolution of 10 m×10m in Guizhou Province were obtained by combing with the multi-resolution remote sensing data of ALOS, ZY-3, GF-1, Landsat and GDEMV2, and 2762 field sampling data in 2010 and 2015, respectively. a spatial analysis model of soil erosion was improved to analyze the spatiotemporal change of soil erosion intensity in karst and non karst area of Guizhou province, which involved the spatial soil erosion data and different geomorphological type data of Guizhou province. The results show that the soil erosion intensity decreased by 6468.13km 2 in Guizhou Province from 2010 to 2015. The dynamic change intensity in the high-altitude area is larger than in the low-altitude area. The soil change intensity in karst area is higher than in non karst area, especially in the high and middle elevation area in Guizhou province. Moreover, the decreasing ratio of soil erosion intensity in karst area is generally larger than in non karst area, which can be used to explain that the ecological restoration projects and water soil conservation polices carried out in karst area has a good effect, especially in western of Guizhou province from 2010 to 2015, one the other hand, the soil erosion in non karst area should also be focused by local government in the future.
Effectiveness of a 23-valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine for the Prevention of Pneumococcal Pneumonia in the Elderly with Chronic Respiratory Diseases: A Case-control Study of a Single Center
Authors: Masuda Toshihiro , Nakatani Eiji , Shirai Toshihiro , Akamatsu Taisuke , Tamura Kanami , takahashi Shingo , Tanaka Yuko , Watanabe Hirofumi , Endo Yoshinari , Suzuki Takahiro , Saigusa Mika , Yamamoto Akito , Morita Satoru , Sato Yoko , Asada Kazuhiro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) in preventing non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia (non-IPD) has been controversial.Methods: To evaluate the effectiveness of the PPSV23 in elderly outpatients with chronic respiratory diseases, we carried out a case-control study, including 4128 outpatients aged ≥ 65 years, in the respiratory department.Results: There were 320 vaccinated patients, of which 164 were diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia. The adjusted odds ratio was 0.39 (95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.17 to 0.89). In the subsets consisting of age groups ≥ 70 and ≥ 75 years, the adjusted odds ratio (95 % CI) was respectively 0.16 (0.04 to 0.67) and 0.15 (0.02 to 1.12).Conclusion: This real-world study suggests that PPSV23 is effective in preventing pneumococcal pneumonia in the elderly with chronic respiratory diseases and in the older population (age ≥ 75 years).
Role of 5-HT2 Receptors Family in the Allergy-Induced Increased Aorta Contractile Responses to 5-HT
Authors: Campos-Bedolla Patricia , Torrejón-González Emmanuel Gilberto , Mendoza-Mejía Dinora , Vargas Mario H. , Segura-Medina Patricia , Rodríguez-Márquez Aniller , Silva Ana Valeria Martínez 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Asthma poses an increased risk for cardiovascular disorders, suggesting that allergy, which is an underlying asthma process, causes atypical functioning of organs other than the lungs. A previous study in a guinea-pig asthma model, we concluded that allergic sensitization increased aorta contractile responses to 5-HT. To further characterize these responses, here, we explored the role of the 5-HT2 receptors family. We found that TCB-2 (5-HT2A agonist) and WAY161503 (5-HT2C agonist) induced aorta contractions resembling those elicited by 5-HT but less intense (~43% and ~25%, respectively). In these experiments, aortas from sensitized guinea pigs showed increased contractions to TCB-2 but not to WAY161503. In turn, MDL 100907 (5-HT2A antagonist) and RS-102221 (5-HT2C antagonist) caused a notably and mild reduction of the 5-HT-induced contractions, respectively, with no differences seen between sensitized and non-sensitized tissues. BW723C86 (5-HT2B agonist) did not induce contractile responses, and RS-127445 (5-HT2B antagonist) did not modify the contractile responses to 5-HT. In non-sensitized aortas, the pattern of protein expression of receptors was 5HT2B>5-HT2A=5-HT2C, which did not change in sensitized animals. In conclusion, we found that allergic sensitization increased the aorta contractile responses to 5-HT, partly mediated by enhanced responses of 5-HT2A receptors, which was unrelated to changes in these receptors' expression.