bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Korean Framework of Wetland Management Effectiveness Evaluation
Authors: Choi Nak-Hyun , Yeum Jung-Hun , Kim Han 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study applies the Korean framework of wetland management effectiveness evaluation for national wetland protected areas to obtain key insights into developing national wetland management policy. The quantitative evaluation framework was based on the basic evaluation framework of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, reflecting the characteristics of South Korea's wetland management policy. The framework comprises a total of 29 evaluation and 21 detailed items. Through the first quantitative evaluation of the entire target sites, a statistical analysis of the evaluation results was performed in line with management characteristics. The second and third qualitative evaluations, conducted by external research teams, were conducted after selecting a pilot target site for each group. After evaluation, the sites were divided into three groups: Group B showed the highest average values in all sectors of design, appropriateness, and delivery. The management effects in the pilot sites were, 43.9% in Yongneup of Mt. Daeam, 37.4% in Damyang riverine wetlands, and 58.9% in Upo wetlands, compared to the ideal management level. As a result, four important suggestions are derived. First, management effectiveness evaluation should consider national environmental and management policy characteristics based on an international framework. Second, an integrated management system should be established. Third, stakeholders should participate in building governance. Fourth, the participation of external experts is essential.
Reclamation of Cobalt and Copper from Single- and Co-contaminated Wastewater via Carbonate and Hydroxide Precipitation
Authors: Quiton Khyle Glainmer , Lu Ming-Chun , Huang Yao-Hui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Wastewater containing cobalt and copper comprised of plating wash water, plant wash water, and equipment cooling and wash water is generated in the electroplating industry. These metals can be detrimental to humans, animals, plants, and the environment. Thus, it is necessary to treat electroplating wastewater to remove these toxic metals. Carbonate and hydroxide precipitation were utilized for the removal of Co(II) and Cu(II) from synthetic electroplating wastewater by jar tests in this work. The effects of solution pH, precipitant-to-metal ratio, and type of precipitant on the precipitation efficiency of cobalt and copper from the single- and co-contaminated systems were investigated. Carbonate precipitation achieved higher removal efficiency for both target metals in the single- and co-contaminated wastewater streams. Furthermore, it can operate at relatively low pH range of about 7.0-8.0. Cobalt in both pollutant systems was almost completely removed at pH 10.0 using both precipitant systems. Copper was found to be easily removed which was possibly brought about by precipitation-adsorption mechanism. The extent of the co-removal of cobalt with copper is significantly pH dependent. The effect of precipitant-to-metal ratio for cobalt and copper treatment varied in single- and co-contaminated streams. Carbonate precipitation led to lower sludge density than that of hydroxide precipitation.
Soft Computing Based Tuning of PI Controller With Cuckoo Search Optimization For Level Control of Hopper Tank System
Authors: c Vinothkumar , Esakkiappan C 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The paper work focuses on soft computing and Conventional tuning approach to design of PI controller, which provides a better sustainable performance for a nonlinear hopper tank system which is used in Wastewater treatment applications. The system processes the combination of a conical and cylindrical tank for providing Multi-region based mathematical modelling to obtain the first order with delay time (FOPDT) process transfer function model. The Ziegler Nichols, Cohen-coon, Tyreus Luben, CHR (Chien, Hrones, and Reswick), IMC (Internal Model Control), Direct Synthesis, FOPI( Fractional Order PI) Conventional tuning formulae and Cuckoo Search Optimization (CSO) algorithm are used to optimize the servo regulatory responses of PI controller. The integral and proportional gain of the PI controller is said to produce the fastest settling time and reduces the error using performance indices and achieves Liquid Level control in hopper tank. Comparison is made for the various conventional controller tuning methods with Cuckoo Search Optimization tuning responses and identified to CSO-PI method offers enhanced Optimized Performance while comparing to Conventional tuning methods for a region based system.
Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Dynamics During Drought Responsiveness in Tibetan Hulless Barley
Authors: Jabu Dunzhu , Yu Zhaiming , Xu Qijun , Yang Haizhen , Mu Wang , Yuzhen Basang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Differences in drought stress tolerance within diverse grass genotypes have been attributed to epigenetic modifications. DNA methylation is an important epigenetic alteration regulating responses to drought-stress. However, its effects on drought-tolerance are poorly understood in Tibetan hulless barley. Here, bisulfite sequencing was conducted to profile the DNA methylation patterns of drought-tolerant variety XL and drought-sensitive one DQ under drought and control conditions. A total of 5843 million reads were generated. We found the significant genome-wide changes in CHH methylation rates between XL and DQ, while CG or CHG methylation rates did not. Besides that, the two contrasting varieties do reveal distinct responses to drought-stress in differentially methylated region (DMR) numbers and antioxidant activities. Genes in drought-tolerant varieties XL are rapidly and significantly methylated to alleviate the drought stress. DMR related genes in XL might involve in defense response and response to stimuli, which are confirmed by gene ontology analysis. Then, we focused on 1003 transcription factors and identified 15 specific DMR related transcription factors exhibiting specific methylation changes under drought stimuli. Finally, we identified three DMR related TFs (HVUL6H08680.2, HVUL4 h39100.2, and HVUL2H41931.2) where Arabidopsis homologues involve in responses to drought conditions. Altogether, DNA methylation regulate responsiveness to environmental stimuli, which could be mediated by methylation of transcription factors in hulless barely.
Repeated Cardiac Arrest Following Emergency Carotid Artery Stenting.- A Case Report.
Authors: Wang Qinqin , Wu Huihui , Hou Bin 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Due to carotid sinus response, blood pressure reduction and bradycardia during and after carotid stent implantation was reported frequently, in contrast, repeated cardiac arrest is rare but fatal unless the heart can be started quickly. Case introduction: A 61-year-old male presented with severe left hemiplegia, aphasia, central facial palsy and gaze. Emergency surgery under general anesthesia was finally scheduled in view of possible severe cerebral arterial stenosis. The patient underwent ipsilateral ICA stenting after balloon dilatation and was transferred to intensive care unit(ICU). His heart rate tended to decrease sharply and then cardiac arrest was noted on electrocardiograph(ECG) monitor. Emergency cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) was started and repeated three times due to persistent symptoms. Coronary angiography was postponed for 15 days until neurological recovery. Multivessel disease with severe stenosis one of them was confirmed and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed. The patient was discharged on the 20th day of admission with only slight neurological deficits. Conclusion: We tend to attribute the causes of repeated cardiac arrest in this case to carotid sinus response induced by stenting and serious coronary stenosis.
The Multiple Mediating Effects of Perceived Social Support and Spiritual Well-being on the Relationship Between Spiritual Needs and Quality of Life Among Patients With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Wen Quying , Jiao Miaorui , Wang Huailin , Hu Yanli 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Aims: The purpose of this study was to test the associations between spiritual needs, perceived social support, spiritual well-being, and quality of life (QoL) and examine the multiple mediating effects of perceived social support and spiritual well-being on the relationship between spiritual needs and QoL among patients with advanced cancer.Methods: Spiritual needs, perceived social support, spiritual well-being and QoL were assessed using self-report questionnaires among 286 cancer patients in a tertiary oncology hospital. The mediation model was analysed using the SPSS PROCESS procedure, and indirect effects were evaluated with bootstrapping.Results: QoL was positively correlated with spiritual needs (r=0.315, p<0.01), perceived social support (r=0.451, p<0.01) and spiritual well-being (r=0.636, p<0.01). The relationship between spiritual needs and QoL was mediated by perceived social support (indirect effect: 0.063, confidence interval (CI) (0.018, 0.118)) and spiritual well-being (indirect effect: 0.068, CI (0.001, 0.155)) and serially mediated by spiritual needs and QoL (indirect effect: 0.072, CI (0.041, 0.113)).Conclusions: The results emphasize the importance of spiritual well-being and social support for cancer patients, especially those with more spiritual needs. They suggest that healthcare providers should develop strategies to enhance perceived social support and spiritual well-being when caring for cancer patients to improve patients’ QoL.
New Biomarkers of Kawasaki Disease Identified by Gingival Crevicular Fluid Proteomics
Authors: Fan Xue , Li Ying , Guo Xin , Lan Jingjing , Xu Mingguo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Kawasaki Disease (KD) is an acute self-limiting systemic vasculitis syndrome which can result in arterial damage especially in coronary artery. To find possible new biomarkers for the diagnosis of KD by Data independent acquisition (DIA) quantitative proteomics.
Methods

Twenty-seven patients with KD were enrolled in the present study, further, gingival crevicular fluid of before IVIG treatment with KD was collected as the experimental group. Meanwhile, 18 healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group.DIA quantitative proteomics mass spectrometry analysis was performed on the GCF samples of each group, and the protein expression profiles of the two groups of GCF were detected. Function enrichment of DEP by KEGG and GO, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis for all the DEPs detected, Finally, the multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry method was used to verify the selected DEPs.
Results

197 DEPs (174 up-regulated and 23 down-regulated) were detected in the CGF between the KD group and the normal control group. Cellular process and metabolic process, binding and catalytic activity are the most altered biological process and molecular function, respectively. NOD−like receptor signaling pathway, Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum pathway and influenza pathway are most significant pathway. EIF2AK2, B2M and GBP1 are kernel proteins in PPI network. The results of MRM-MS of 12 DEPs including IFIT3, UB2L6, HP, A1AT, HSP90AA1, HNRPC, HSP90AB1, SAA1, MX1, B2M, FKBP4 and TRAP1 were highly consistent with DIA.
Conclusions

We suggested that 12 proteins in GCF could be used as new biomarkers for early diagnosis of KD. We also found that KD is closely related to gingival inflammation at the molecular level, which provides new ideas and directions for the diagnosis and treatment of KD.
Secreted Protein Markers in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Oscc)
Authors: Mumtaz Madiha , Bijnsdorp Irene V , Böttger Franziska , Piersma Sander R , Pham Thang V , Mumtaz Samiullah , Brakenhoff Ruud H , Akhtar Muhammad Waheed , Jimenez Connie R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a main cause of oral cancer mortality and morbidity in central south Asia. To improve the clinical outcome of OSCC patients, early detection markers are needed, which are preferably non-invasive and thus independent of a tissue biopsy.
Methods
In the present study, we aimed to identify robust candidate protein biomarkers for early OSCC diagnosis. To this end, we measured the global protein profiles of OSCC tissue lysates to matched normal adjacent mucosa samples (n=14) and the secretomes of nine HNSCC cell lines using LC-MS/MS-based proteomics.
Results
A total of 5,123 tissue proteins were identified, of which 205 were robustly up- regulated (p-value <0.01, fold change ˃+2) in OSCC-tissues compared to normal tissues. The biological process “Secretion” was highly enriched in this set of proteins. Other upregulated biological pathways included “Unfolded Protein Response”, “Spliceosomal complex assembly”, “Protein localization to endosome” and “Interferon Gamma Response”. Transcription factor analysis implicated Creb3L1, ESRRA, YY, ELF2, STAT1 and XBP as potential regulators. Of the 205 upregulated tissue proteins, 132 were identified in the cancer cell line secretomes, underscoring their potential use as non-invasive biofluid markers. To further prioritize our candidate markers for non-invasive OSCC detection, we integrated our data with public biofluid datasets including OSCC saliva, yielding 25 candidate markers for further study.
Conclusions
We identified several key proteins and processes that are associated with OSCC tissues, underscoring the importance of altered secretion. Cancer-associated OSCC secretome proteins present in saliva have potential to be used as novel non-invasive biomarkers for the early diagnosis of OSCC.
Neighbourhood Determinants of Early Sexual Debut and Multiple Sexual Partnerships: A cross-sectional Analysis of Adolescents in Rwanda, Ghana and South Africa.
Authors: Ugwu Nebechukwu Henry , Odimegwu Clifford Obby 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The relationship between neighbourhood characteristics and youth involvement in risky sexual behaviour such as early sexual debut and multiple sexual partnerships is well established in the literature. However, there are very few empirical studies using Demographic and Health Surveys to unpack the nature of this relationship in Africa. This study aims to identify the neighbourhood characteristics influencing young people's engagement in risky sexual behaviour in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses on young people aged 15 to 24 years were conducted using the most recent Demographic and Health Survey Data (DHS 2014-2016) from Ghana, Rwanda, and South Africa to investigate the relationship between neighbourhood characteristics and youth risky sexual behaviour. Results: Individual and, in particular, neighbourhood characteristics (community poverty, community occupation, community media access, and community education) were found to be substantially linked with youth risky sexual behaviour. Conclusion: To lower the incidence of risky sexual behaviour in the community, programs aimed at appropriate policy options must be intensified. Adopting the implications of these findings is critical for a developmental approach aimed at reaching Africa’s long-term development goal of eliminating STIs among young people.
Influencing Factors of Children Physical Activity in Family
Authors: Cai Jie , Zhao Yaping , Wang Jing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Children physical activity is an important guarantee for children's physical and mental health. Understanding the relevant influencing factors of children physical activity in family is related to the healthy growth of children and the happy life of families. Based on social exchange theory and the structural equation model, this study investigated the influencing factors of children physical activity in family. The results showed that government had a significant negative impact on parents’ perceived risks. Community has a significant positive effect on parents’ perceived benefits and a significant negative effect on parents’ perceived risks. Kindergarten has a significant positive effect on parents’ perceived benefits, but has no significant effect on the parents’ perceived risks. Children sports club has a significant positive effect on parents’ perceived benefits. Parents’ perceived benefits has a significant positive impact on children physical activity in family, while perceived risks has a significant negative impact. Based on this, the government should play a leading role in the development of children physical activity in family. Community provides supplementary support. Kindergarten is the key point of developing children physical activity in family. Children sports club is the auxiliary force of children physical activity in family.
Factors Associated with Family Caregiver Burden Among Frail Older Persons With Multimorbidity
Authors: DING Teck Yong Gabriel , DE ROZA Jacqueline Giovanna , CHAN Cheuk Ying , LEE Poay Sian Sabrina , ONG Sin Kee , LEW Kai Wei Jeremy , Koh Hui Li , LEE Eng Sing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Introduction:
Singapore is facing an ageing population and the care needs of the population will increase in tandem. A segment of this population would be living with the multimorbidity and frailty. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of caregiver burden for primary family caregivers of frail older adults with multimorbidity. We also investigated the factors that were associated with primary family caregiver burden.
Methods:
This was an interviewer-administered, cross-sectional study of primary family caregivers of frail older patients with multimorbidity that was conducted in two National Healthcare Group polyclinics. Convenience sampling was used. The 12-item Zarit Burden Index (ZBI) was used to assess primary family caregiver burden. The scores of the ZBI range from 0 to 48, with a score of 10 or above indicating that the primary family caregiver perceives burden. Descriptive statistics were used to provide information regarding the caregivers and the care recipients. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the factors affecting primary family caregiver burden.
Results:
188 family caregivers were interviewed and 71.8 % of them perceived burden on the ZBI. After adjusting for other factors via multivariable analysis, the ethnicity of the caregiver and the increase in time spent caregiving per week were the two factors positively associated with family caregiver burden. A Chinese primary family caregiver had almost three times the odds of perceiving burden when compared to a non-Chinese primary family caregiver.
Conclusion:
Caregiver burden was high amongst primary family caregivers of frail older adults with multimorbidity. Being a Chinese primary family caregiver compared to non-Chinese ethnic groups as well as being a primary family caregiver who spent increased time caregiving per week were the two factors positively associated with family caregiver burden. Further exploratory, qualitative studies can be done to find out the reasons to Chinese primary family caregivers being more burdened compared to the non-Chinese primary family caregivers. In addition, the specific factors related to increased time caregiving per week and family caregiver burden can also be studied.
A Pilot Randomised Trial Comparing Individualised Physiotherapy Versus Shockwave Therapy for Proximal Hamstring Tendinopathy: A protocol
Authors: Rich Aidan Lindsay Fenner , Cook Jillianne Leigh , Hahne Andrew John , Ford Jon Joseph 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundProximal hamstring tendinopathy (PHT) presents as localised lower buttock pain with tasks such as squatting and sitting. It is a condition that occurs at all ages and levels of sporting participation and can cause disability with sport, work, and activities of daily living. This paper details a pilot trial protocol for investigating the effectiveness of individualised physiotherapy compared to extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) on pain and strength in people with PHT.Methods The study is an assessor-blinded, pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT). One hundred participants with PHT will be recruited from the local community and sporting clubs. Participants will be randomised to receive six sessions of either individualised physiotherapy or ESWT, with both groups also receiving standardised education and advice.Primary outcomes will be global rating of change on a 7-point Likert scale, and the Victorian Institute of Sport - Hamstring (VISA-H) scale, measured at 0, 4, 12, 26 and 52 weeks.. Secondary outcomes will include sitting tolerance, the modified Physical Activity Level Scale, eccentric hamstring strength, modified Tampa scale for kinesiophobia, the Orebro Musculoskeletal Screening Questionnaire, Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) for average and worst pain, participant adherence, the Pain Catastrophizing scale, satisfaction scores, and quality of life. Data will be analysed on an intention to treat basis, with between-group effects estimated using linear mixed models for continuous data and Mann Whitney U tests for ordinal data. DiscussionThis pilot RCT will compare individualised physiotherapy versus ESWT for PHT. The trial will determine feasibility and estimated treatment effects to inform a definitive trial in the future.Trial registrationThe trial has been prospectively registered with the Australia & New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12621000846820), registered 1 July 2021, https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=373085
Circulating Microvesicles and Exosomes in Small Cell Lung Cancer by Quantitative Proteomics
Authors: Pedersen Shona , Jensen Katrine Papendick , Honoré Bent , Kristensen Søren Risom , Pedersen Camilla Holm , Szejniuk Weronika Maria , Maltesen Raluca Georgiana , Falkmer Ursula 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Early detection of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) crucially demands highly reliable markers. Growing evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles carry tumor cell-specific cargo suitable as protein markers in cancer. Quantitative proteomic profiling of circulating microvesicles and exosomes can be a high-throughput platform for discovery of novel molecular insights and putative markers. Hence, this study aimed to investigate proteome dynamics of plasma-derived microvesicles and exosomes in newly diagnosed SCLC patients to improve early detection.Methods: Plasma-derived microvesicles and exosomes from 24 healthy controls and 24 SCLC patients were isolated from plasma by either high-speed- or ultracentrifugation. Proteins derived from these extracellular vesicles were quantified using label-free mass spectrometry and statistical analysis was carried out aiming at identifying significantly altered protein expressions between SCLC patients and healthy controls. Furthermore, significantly expressed proteins were subjected to functional enrichment analysis to identify biological pathways implicated in SCLC pathogenesis.Results: Based on fold change (FC) ≥ 2 or ≤ 0.5 and AUC ≥ 0.70 (p < 0.05), we identified 10 common and 16 and 17 unique proteins for microvesicles and exosomes, respectively. Among these proteins, we found dysregulation of coagulation factor XIII A (Log2 FC = −1.1, p = 0.0003, AUC = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69-0.96) and complement factor H-related protein 4 (Log2 FC = 1.2, p = 0.0005, AUC = 0.82, 95% CI; 0.67-0.97) in SCLC patients compared to heatlhy individuals. Our data may indicate a novel tumor-suppressing role of blood coagulation and involvement of complement activation in SCLC pathogenesis.Conclusions: In comparing SCLC patients and healthy individuals, several differentially expressed proteins were identified. This is the first study showing that circulating extracellular vesicles may encompass specific proteins with potential diagnostic attributes for SCLC, thereby opening new opportunities as novel non-invasive markers.