bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selection of parameters of machines for collection of logging waste
Authors: Ariko Ye S , Kononovich D A , Voinash S A , Sokolova V A , Polyanskaya O A , Garbuzova T G , Andronov A V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The article presents a methodology for a reasonable choice of parameters of a machine for collecting of logging waste, which allows to determine the possibility of the machine’s movement depending on various design parameters and natural-production factors when performing technological operations based on an assessment of the traction and coupling properties of the base chassis. A relationship has been established to determine the resistance force to dragging of logging waste, which takes into account the taxation characteristics of the plantation (liquid stock, species composition and density of wood), the parameters of technological equipment (its width) and the peculiarities of the location of the shafts of logging waste through the average distance of passes. The results of determining the resistance force of overcoming a stump with a tooth of technological equipment of a rake type are also given. The proposed nomograms allow, based on the specified operating conditions, to determine the total force of resistance to movement from technological equipment and branches. From this value, using the graphical-analytical method, based on the type of soil, the considered layout of the base chassis and the expected speed of operations, the minimum required engine power, tangential force thrust and weight of the base chassis are established. Based on the results obtained, recommendations are given on the use of various types of base chassis, depending on the type of soil.
Palynoindication of the environment of industrial cities in the Far North
Authors: Vasilevskaya N V , Petrova N V , Domakhina A D 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Data of palynological analysis of pollen of Pinus sylvestris L. under the conditions of technogenic pollution of the cities of Monchegorsk and Murmansk are presented. A high level of polymorphism of pine pollen is revealed, 11 teratomorphs are described. In samples from Murmansk, the proportion of abnormal pollen is higher than that in Monchegorsk. On the basis of the scale of ecological zoning of territories according to the content of normal pollen by N.A. Kalashnik, districts with different levels of environmental pollution are identified in the cities under investigation.
Use of unmanned aerial vehicles for automated forest fire patrols in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Authors: Yakovlev S E , Borisov A I 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Within the framework of this article, the possibility of using unmanned aerial vehicles in forests is considered. The specific object of research is the territory of the Republic of Sakha in Yakutia of the Russian Federation. The choice is explained by the size of this region - it is the largest in the country. The relevance of this article is explained by the description of the experience and principles of using UAVs in the regions of Russia. The paper also provides statistics on fires over the past 4 years, demonstrates all the main fire centers, as well as the principles of their distribution. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use several models of unmanned aerial vehicles. Each of them has certain positive and negative properties. At the same time, the article contains a calculation of the total number of drones to ensure constant monitoring of the environment. The material contains an economic justification for the use of specific aircraft in comparison with aircraft models. The conclusion contains a description of a specific model of the drone, which makes it possible to ensure the greatest efficiency of the complex of reconnaissance measures to detect fires in the region under study.
Effictive technologies for automation and robotization of the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Korchevskaya O V , Makhmudov Sh R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The issues of increasing the productivity and competitiveness of the agricultural sector through the transition to digital technologies are considered. Despite certain successes in the agricultural sector associated with state support for the digitalization of agriculture, there are still a number of unsolved technological problems. Today, the main trend in the use of digital technologies in this industry is to automate all processes of growing crops from sowing to harvesting. The article presents the results of the analysis of automation and robotization of the agro-industrial business and identifies the main directions of competitive technologies. The functional of intelligent control information systems is considered. Special attention is paid to the possibilities of using unmanned aerial vehicles. Along with its undeniable advantages, agricultural robotics is characterized by high expectations and exaggerated expectations and has a number of disadvantages. The issues of legal regulation of the process of digitalization of the agro-industrial complex are considered. The analysis of the market and technologies of the agricultural sector revealed the key methods of increasing the efficiency of agriculture. Among them, one can single out the development of fundamentally new methods and approaches to agriculture, greening, design and implementation of intelligent systems and the development of robotics, training of new specialists for the development and implementation of innovative technology.
Optimization of machine-tractor parameters units for target functions with minimum costs total energy
Authors: Tsybulevsky V V , Maslov G G , Ushakov D A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The article is aimed at developing the parameters and operating modes of a multifunctional unit for the simultaneous sowing of row crops and the introduction of the main and pre-sowing solid mineral fertilizers. The minimization of the target function in terms of the total energy consumption for the process is ensured by the combination of these technological operations in combination with the substantiation of the parameters and operating modes of the proposed unit, which ensures the introduction of a new resource-saving technology for sowing row crops. The difference between the methodological approach to solving the problem lies in the use of typical traction characteristics of tractors, linking their tractive power, tractive effort, working speed, specific fuel consumption of the engine in combination with the working width of the seeding unit, its traction resistance and operating conditions: type of soil, working length of rut, capacity of the fertilizer hopper, rate of consumption of seeds and fertilizers, etc. The standard indicators used in calculating the target function are taken from the reference literature. The urgency of the problem of reducing the energy intensity of the process is determined by a further increase in the competitiveness of the field crop production, where scientifically grounded parameters of machines and their mode of operation are of decisive importance. The regularities of the process and the dependence of the optimization criterion on the parameters and operating modes of the proposed multifunctional unit, obtained as a result of the research, make it possible not only to obtain their optimal value, but also to outline further directions for improving the design.
Application of adaptive tire pressure control system in agricultural robots
Authors: Barbashov N N , Shanygin S V , Barkova A A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Recently, robotics has been actively introduced into the agricultural industry. Many different field works related to sowing, processing and harvesting are efficiently carried out by various robotic systems. However, the need for frequent movement between fields, increased productivity and power of equipment, the use of additional tools to perform various works leads to an increase in the mass of the robot itself. The sealing effect of agricultural robot running systems has long been considered a serious problem. The proposed method of adaptive control of tyre pressure allows to reduce negative impact of agricultural robot on soil without deterioration of its dynamic and economic parameters.
Design of the gauge plug for inspection of the diameters of bushing bores of the intermediary shaft for the repairs of engines for agricultural machinery
Authors: Shkaruba N Zh , Leonov O A , Temasova G N , Vergazova Yu G , Panin A V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article contains substantiation of the improvement of inspection instruments used for the repairs of farming machinery during incoming quality inspection, in-process inspection, and acceptance testing. The design of a gauge plug has been developed for repairs and with the purpose of inspection of bushing bores of the intermediary shaft bearing with the diameter of Ø48.8F7 for ZMZ engines. The manufacturing tolerance for go-side and no-go side has been determined. The deviation of the middle of the tolerance range in relation to the smallest limiting size of the gauge plug was 3.5 μm. The permissible overrun of a worn-out of the gogauge outside of the tolerance range border was – 3 μm. The manufacturing tolerance for the size of the check caliper gauge has also been determined and limiting dimensions of the check gauge have been calculated. Taking into account the values derived a layout for the gauge plug tolerance range has been developed in order to inspect the bushing bores of the intermediary shaft bearing with the diameter of Ø48,8+0,050
+0,0025.
Censuring the durability of foundations of buildings and structures
Authors: Kholova Nodira , Abdullaev Ravshan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The article covers the results of field full-scale experimental research aimed at revealing the effect of horizontal waterproofing structures of walls on the capillary rise of moisture. Conclusions and recommendations for waterproofing walls using local materials have been given. Based on comparative comparisons of the results of experiments, the article covers that the rise of moisture along the wall is significantly less in the case of laying marble or concrete tiles on waterproofing sand-cement mixtures.
Structure of control sensors of multi-phase reactive power currents in power supply systems
Authors: Kh Siddikov I , Chelyshkov P D , Abubakirov A B , Nazhimatdinov N M , Zh Tanatarov R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this work, collected and distributed algorithms for parametric research and models of the process of converting reactive power sources in power supply systems (PSS) into a secondary signal Uoutput - the output voltage based on electromagnetic sensors are developed. Based on a graphical model of the modification process and sensor structure, it provided clarity and high formalization.
Combined solar drying plant continuous operation
Authors: Komilov Ochil , Mukhamadova Anzura 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Studies of the drying processes of various vegetables and fruits were carried out in order to intensify the process, as well as the results of experiments conducted on a combined solar drying plant. The relations between the amounts of heat used to heat the material and the evaporation of water from the material for low-temperature drying conditions are determined. Calculated studies to determine the change in temperature and humidity conditions along the length of the drying chamber are presented.
Determination of working indicators of New Holland TS-5060 combine for soy bean harvesting
Authors: Astanakulov K D , Umirov A T , Sultanbekova P S , Alpamyssova G B 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The results of experimental researches to determine the working indicators of the New Holland TS-5060 combine for soybean crop harvesting are given. According to the results of performed experiments to determine the working indicators of the New Holland TS-5060 grain harvester in soy bean harvesting process, the main time yield of the harvester combine was determined at 1.4 hectare/hour, the grain yield was defined at 96.5 per cent, and the loss in the combine thresher unit was at 0.6 per cent, it was found to be at the level of demand, however the grain loss and grain damage on the combine harvester were slightly higher than the specified requirements. That is why, it is recommended to use the number of revolutions of the combine pick-up reel in the range of 25-30 rpm, the number of revolutions of the threshing drum in the range of 750-800 rpm. Average square deviation and variation coefficient of these indicators are shown in following tables.
Investigation of the interaction of the working bodies of the soil harvesting machine with the greenhouse soil when removing the sanitary layer
Authors: Vezirov A O , Pavlov P I , Levchenko A V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Growing plants organically in greenhouse industry involves a lot of work with greenhouse soil. After a certain period of operation of the greenhouse soil, its complete or partial replacement is required. To mechanize this process, a newly designed soil harvesting machine with a moldboard working body has been developed. One of the main indicators characterizing the work of the soil harvesting machine is the power required to carry out the technological process of removing the soil layer from the greenhouse. The analysis of the interaction of working bodies with the soil layer is carried out. Theoretical studies have obtained analytical expressions to determine the power required for effective removal of greenhouse soil. Experimental studies have made it possible to confirm the reliability of the theoretical provisions and to establish the effect of the height of the greenhouse soil layer and the forward speed on the total thickness. Also, as a result of processing the experimental data, a regression equation and graphical dependence were obtained. The established equations and dependencies make it possible to determine the power required to drive the soil harvesting machine at various values of the height of the removed soil layer and the forward speed.
Research of seeding fulfilled with the help of stud-roller feed
Authors: Bulavintsev R A , Golovin S I , Sevostyanov A L , Volzhentsev A V , Stebakov V A , Kozlov A V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article is dedicated to increasing the quality of grain seeds distribution in a row using various parameters of the stud roller with new studs bent off to the side rotation, and also contains the results of theoretical and experimental investigations. In the frames of this investigation the optimal parameters of experimental seed wheel were defined, the factors influencing seed feed were identified, the formula of full working volume of seeds, thrown out by feeding mechanism per one rotation of roller, was generated, the following dependencies were detected: dependence of seed feed on quantity of roller studs, seed feed - on frequency of roller shaft rotation and seed feed - on degree of valve opening. The usage of the suggested seed-feeding device will help to reduce traumatization of seeds and pulsation of its flow, to increase equal distribution of seeds in the row.
Development of a pneumatic drum-type seeding apparatus for two-row seeding soybean and mung bean
Authors: Astanakulov K D , Baimakhanov K A , Alpamyssova G B , Babojanov A B 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Developed pneumatic sowing device of drum type for two-line sowing of soybean and mung bean seeds and study its technological process of work sowing bean seeds. When developing the design of a pneumatic drum-type sowing device for two-line sowing of seeds, methods were used for designing seeders and their working bodies, methods for calculating sowing devices and pneumatic systems. The experiments were carried out in accordance with State Standards 31345-2007 and State Standards 20915-2011. In the course of research, it was determined that taking into account the size of soybean seeds and their seeding rates, the diameter of the suction holes of the seeding drum can be taken dt = 4.5 mm, the diameter of the seeding drum D = 230 mm, the pitch between the suction holes of the drum should be t ≥ 11.21 mm, and holes in the seeding drum number z ≤ 55 pieces. At a seeder speed Vc = 2.1 m/s, a drum diameter with suction holes D = 0.230 m, a hole pitch t = 0.011 m, the drum speed is n = 0.377 s−1 or n = 22.6 rpm. With these parameters, on the developed pneumatic sowing device, the distance between the seeds was 119.0 mm, and between the rows 207.8 mm at their specified values, respectively, 120 mm and 200 mm. The developed sowing device, on the basis of theoretical and experimental studies, ensures sowing of soybean seeds with a deviation from the specified distances between seeds ± 6.8 mm and between rows ± 4.5 mm and meets the requirements.
Method of measuring the surface profile by means of a mechatronic profilograph provided with a parallel control of sensor drives
Authors: Vasiliev S A , Fedorov A A , Ivantsivskiy V V , Chernukhin R V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The article considers a method for measuring the surface profile by means of a mechatronic profilograph provided with parallel control of sensor drives along a specified trajectory. A description of the developed control system for the mechatronic profilograph with distributed control of its actuators is presented. The given design of the control system makes it possible for the operating unit (laser sensor) of the profilograph to effectively perform the programed movements. The developed software implements a set of functions necessary for parallel control of the profilograph drives, depending on the specified on-line operating modes. The program allows you to set parameters and control instructions for lower-level modules, tabulate data on the movement of the working point along the x, y axes and distances in these coordinates as well as to construct 2D and 3D graphs. The implementation of the method for measuring the surface profile was carried out using a mechatronic profiler provided with parallel control of the sensor drives when profiling along the Fermat spiral. The information and measurement system made it possible to provide information on 2 parameters: the distance between the sensor and the measured surface, as well as the angle of turning determined by the angle sensor from the zero point. A graph of the measurement of the corrugated sheet surface with a flexure in the cross section downwards in polar coordinates is obtained. The analysis of the obtained data allowed us to determine the corrugated sheet flexure which was 13.8 mm.graph, immediately following the heading. The text should be set to 1 line spacing. The abstract should be centred across the page, indented 17 mm from the left and right page margins and justified. It should not normally exceed 200 words.
Clinical outcomes of concomitant use of enteral and intravenous sedatives and analgesics in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19
Authors: Kang Nayoung , Alrashed Mohammed A , Place Eric M , Nguyen Phuongthao T , Perona Stephen J , Erstad Brian L 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate potential differences in days on mechanical ventilation for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on route of administration of analgesic and sedative medications: intravenous (IV) alone vs IV + enteral (EN).

Summary
This institutional review board–approved study evaluated ventilation time and fentanyl or midazolam requirements with or without concurrent EN hydromorphone and lorazepam. Patients were included in the study if they were 18 to 89 years old and were admitted to the intensive care unit with a positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction or antigen test and respiratory failure requiring invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 72 hours. In total, 100 patients were evaluated, 60 in the IV-only group and 40 in the IV + EN group. There was not a significant difference in ventilation time between the groups (mean [SD], 19.6 [12.8] days for IV + EN vs 15.6 [11.2] days for IV only; P = 0.104). However, fentanyl (2,064 [847] μg vs 2,443 [779] μg; P &lt; 0.001) and midazolam (137 [72] mg vs 158 [70] mg; P = 0.004) requirements on day 3 were significantly higher in the IV-only group, and the increase in fentanyl requirements from day 1 to day 3 was greater in the IV-only group than in the IV + EN group (378 [625] μg vs 34 [971] μg; P = 0.033).

Conclusion
Addition of EN analgesic and sedative medications to those administered by the IV route did not change the duration of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19, but the combination may reduce IV opioid requirements, decreasing the impact of IV medication shortages.
Control of Elm Leaf Beetle with Trunk Injected Insecticides, 1993-1994
Authors: Casey Sclar D. , Cranshaw Whitney , Cooper Dayna , Eckberg Thomas 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Plots were established using a series of street trees, approximately 60-ft (24 inch DBH), which lined a municipal park in Denver, CO. Two different injection techniques were employed in the trial. Arbor, capsules (Tree Technologies, Inc.) were applied 30 Jun by drilling a series of holes in the root flare of the tree. Rate of application was one capsule per 6 inch of circumference at breast height. Individual capsules contained either 5 ml of Bay NTN 33893 200SL (imidacloprid) or 4 ml of Avid (abamectin), which were allowed to drain completely. Direct trunk injections were made 26 Jul using a modified syringe that placed 1 ml of insecticide under the bark of the trunk. Injection sites were similarly made at intervals of 6 inches of tree circumference at breast height. Plot design was a RCB with 4 replications. No sampling was conducted during 1993, since treatments were applied after considerable defoliation had occurred. Plots were sampled twice during the 1994 season following the first and second generations of the elm leaf beetle. Leaves from 4 branches per tree were evaluated for amount of defoliation (skeletonizing). The rating system was: 0 = No damage present, 1 = 1-10% skeletonizing per branch, 2 = 11-20% skeletonizing per branch, 3 = 21-30% skeletonizing per branch, 4 = 31-40% skeletonizing per branch, 5 = 41-50% skeletonizing per branch, 6 = 51-60% skeletonizing per branch, 7 = 61-70% skeletonizing per branch, 8 = 71-80% skeletonizing per branch, 9 = 81-90% skeletonizing per branch, 10 = 91-100% skeletonizing per branch.
Crocodile social environments dictated by male philopatry
Authors: Baker Cameron J , Frère Céline H , Franklin Craig E , Campbell Hamish A , Irwin Terri R , Dwyer Ross G 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Examining the social behaviors of solitary species can be challenging due to the rarity in which interactions occur and the large and often inaccessible areas which these animals inhabit. As shared space-use is a prerequisite for the expression of social behaviors, we can gain insights into the social environments of solitary species by examining the degree of spatial overlap between individuals. Over a 10-year period, we examined how spatial overlap amongst 105 estuarine crocodiles Crocodylus porosus was influenced by season, sex, and movement tactic. We discovered that crocodiles displayed highly consistent spatial overlaps with conspecifics between months and across years. Furthermore, male crocodiles that exhibited a greater degree of site fidelity displayed more stable social environments, while females and males that were less site-attached had more dynamic social environments with spatial overlaps between conspecifics peaking during the mating season. Our results demonstrate how long-term tracking of multiple individuals within the same population can be used to quantify the spatial structure and social environment of cryptic and solitary species.