bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Implementation of Maternity Planning and Prevention of Complication (P4K) Program with Stickers in Purwakarta Regency 2017
Authors: Safitri Yunita Restu , Pujiyanto Pujiyanto 
Published: June 2021

Pregnant women are one of the risk groups that should be considered to receive particular attention. Maternal mortality is caused by direct and indirect causes, which generally can be identified in early pregnancy. The Ministry of Health has launched various programs to reduce maternal mortality. At the community level, since 2007, there has been a birth planning and prevention of complications (P4K) program as a screening tool for pregnant women at risk by using stickers. The main point of this program is the active participation of families and communities to care for pregnant women in their environment. Purwakarta Regency, a region with uncomplicated geographical conditions, is supported by Health Human Resources (SDMKes) and Health facilities to do various programs in reducing the number of maternal deaths; one of them is P4K with stickers. In 2017, there were still 21 maternal deaths that should have been identified and referred to the hospital if the program was running well. The study aims to analyze the implementation of the P4K Sticker at the District Level. This research is qualitative research with in-depth interviewing techniques involving 12 informants and related documents, according to the theory of Van Meter and Van Horn policy implementation based on 6 (six) variables. This study found that the standard and policy objectives have not been fully achieved. There is still insufficient funding to support the program optimally. In terms of communication, there still a different understanding between the Health Office and Primary Healthcare Center. Despite there are still constraints on the number of human resources, the program's attitude is supportive. Economic and political situations are good, but social conditions are not supportive. The conclusion is that the program's implementation still has constraints in each variable. Existing program barriers can be overcome by optimizing inter-organizational communication, in this case, the District Health Office with Primary Healthcare Center, to have a common understanding regarding the implementation of Sticker P4K.
Physicochemical and Functional Properties of Pumpkin (Cucurbita Pepo) Pulp Flour and Acceptability of its Inclusion in Cake
Authors: Joy Eke-Ejiofor , Chidinma Victor-Uku Esther , Akusu M. O. 
Published: June 2021

A study of the Physico-chemical and functional properties of pumpkin / wheat flour blends and sensory attributes of cakes made from the flour blends where evaluated in the food science laboratory of Rivers State University. The physico-chemical analysis were carried out using standard AOAC methods with 100% wheat flour serving as control. Result of chemical analysis of wheat/pumpkin composite flour blends ranged from 6 .51 – 11.78%, 0.58 – 6.74%, 5.81 – 11.97%, 0.90 – 1.56%, 0.51 – 6.93% and 72.22 – 73.68% for moisture, ash, protein, fat, crude fiber and carbohydrate, respectively. There was a decrease in moisture, fat, protein and carbohydrate and an increase in ash, and crude fiber as the level of pumpkin flour substitution increased. Starch, amylose and amylopectin ranged from 37.68 – 83.82%, 8.76 – 24.64 % and 28.92 – 59.18%, respectively. The lowest starch (37.68%) content was recorded in pumpkin flour made entirely of pumpkin. Depending on the mixing ratios between flour and pumpkin flour, a wide range of functional properties were recorded, including 1.04 – 5.30 ml/g water absorption capacity, 0.58 – 0.61 g/ml bulk density, 8.50 – 16.50% least gelation concentration, 1.07 – 54.26% foaming capacity, 0.00 – 27.84% foaming stability, 53.71 – 93.33% swelling capacity, 45.46 – 48.49% emulsion capacity and 35.50 – 56.02% emulsion stability. Sensory evaluation of the cakes showed no significant difference (p>0.05) in general acceptability between the control and up to 70% substitution with pumpkin flour. The scores ranged from 2.61 – 8.22, 4.13 – 7.13, 5.04 – 7.70, 3.87 – 7.70 and 2.74 – 7.83 for taste, appearance, colour, mouthfeel and general acceptability respectively. Incorporation of pumpkin flour to wheat flour increased the ash and crude fiber content of the composite flour.
Translational challenges of remote ischemic conditioning in ischemic stroke – a systematic review
Authors: Hansen Line Fuglsang , Nielsen Nicholine S. K. , Christoffersen Laura Cathrine , Kruuse Christina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRemote ischemic conditioning (RIC) has well‐established cardioprotective effects in preclinical studies and promising results in preclinical stroke research. Effective translation from preclinical studies to clinical trials has yet to be accomplished, perhaps because of the use of multiple applications of RIC (e.g., pre‐, per‐, or post‐conditioning) in preclinical studies by both invasive and non‐invasive protocols, some of which not clinically applicable. Our systematic review conformed to PRISMA guidelines and addressed differences in clinically relevant RIC applications and outcomes between preclinical and clinical studies. We retrieved a total of 30 studies (8 human; 22 animal) that met the inclusion criteria of testing clinically relevant procedures; namely, non‐invasive and per‐ or post‐conditioning protocols. Per‐conditioning was applied in 6 animal and 3 human studies, post‐conditioning was applied in 16 animal and 5 human studies, and both conditioning methods were applied in 2 animal studies. Application of RIC varied between human and animal studies regarding initiation, duration, repetition, and number of limbs included. Study designs did not systematically apply blinding, randomization, or placebo controls. On only a few occasions did preclinical studies include animals with clinically relevant comorbidities. Clinical trials were challenged by not completing the intended number of RIC cycles or addressing this deficit in the data analysis. Consistency and transferability of methods used for positive animal studies and subsequent human studies are essential for the optimal translation of results. Consensus on preclinical and clinical RIC procedures should be reached for a full understanding of the possible beneficial effects of RIC treatment in stroke.
Transient Rechargeable Battery with a High Lithium Transport Number Cellulosic Separator
Authors: Mittal Neeru , Ojanguren Alazne , Cavasin Nicola , Lizundia Erlantz , Niederberger Markus 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTransient batteries play a pivotal role in the development of fully autonomous transient devices, which are designed to degrade after a period of stable operation. Here, a new transient separator‐electrolyte pair is introduced for lithium ion batteries. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are selectively located onto the nanopores of polyvinyl alcohol membranes, providing mobile ions to interact with the liquid electrolyte. After lithiation of CNCs, membranes with electrolyte uptake of 510 wt%, ionic conductivities of 3.077 mS·cm–1, electrochemical stability of 5.5 V versus Li/Li+, and high Li+ transport numbers are achieved. Using an organic electrolyte, the separators enable stable Li metal deposition with no dendrite growth, delivering 94 mAh·g–1 in Li/LiFePO4 cells at 100 mA·g–1 after 200 cycles. To make the separator‐electrolyte pair transient and non‐toxic, the organic electrolyte is replaced by a biocompatible ionic liquid. As a proof of concept, a fully transient Li/V2O5 cell is assembled, delivering 55 mAh·g–1 after 200 cycles at 100 mA·g–1. Thanks to the reversible Li plating/stripping, dendrite growth suppression, capacity retention, and degradability, these materials hold a bright future in the uptake of circular economy concepts applied to the energy storage field.
A Chlorinated Donor Polymer Achieving High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells with a Wide Range of Polymer Molecular Weight
Authors: Zeng Anping , Ma Xiaoling , Pan Mingao , Chen Yuzhong , Ma Ruijie , Zhao Heng , Zhang Jianquan , Kim Ha Kyung , Shang Ao , Luo Siwei , Angunawela Indunil Chathurangani , Chang Yuan , Qi Zhenyu , Sun Huiliang , Lai Joshua Yuk Lin , Ade Harald , Ma Wei , Zhang Fujun , Yan He 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn the field of non‐fullerene organic solar cells (OSCs), compared to the rapid development of non‐fullerene acceptors, the progress of high‐performance donor polymers is relatively slow. The property and performance of donor polymers in OSCs are often sensitive to the molecular weight of the polymers. In this study, a chlorinated donor polymer named D18‐Cl is reported, which can achieve high performance with a wide range of polymer molecular weight. The devices based on D18‐Cl show a higher open‐circuit voltage (VOC) due to the slightly deeper energy levels and an outstanding short‐circuit current density (JSC) owing to the appropriate long periods of blend films and less ([6,6]‐phenyl‐C71‐butyric acid methyl ester) (PC71BM) in mixed domains, leading to the higher efficiency of 17.97% than those of the D18‐based devices (17.21%). Meanwhile, D18‐Cl can achieve high efficiencies (17.30–17.97%) when its number‐averaged molecular weight (Mn) is ranged from 45 to 72 kDa. In contrast, the D18‐based devices only exhibit relatively high efficiencies in a narrow Mn range of ≈70 kDa. Such property and performance make D18‐Cl a promising donor polymer for scale‐up and low‐cost production.
Synergistic Molecular Engineering of Hole‐Injecting Conducting Polymers Overcomes Luminescence Quenching in Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Ahn Soyeong , Kim Young‐Hoon , Kim Sungjin , Park Jinwoo , Li Nannan , Heo Jung‐Min , Kim Joo Sung , Kim Dong Jin , Hong Byung Hee , Lee Jin Yong , Lee Tae‐Woo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractElectroluminescence efficiency and operating stability of solution‐processed perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are limited by luminescence quenching induced by indium or tin released from indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode upon deposition of highly acidic conventional hole injection layer (HIL) (i.e., poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)) and inefficient hole injection into perovskite emitting layer. Here, a synergistic molecular strategy to develop a neutralized gradient HIL, which possesses low acidity and high work function (WF) simultaneously, is proposed. First, it is shown that aniline with relatively low basicity and dipole moment efficiently neutralizes HIL while maintaining its original confirmation and high WF. Both acidity‐neutralizing aniline and WF‐modifying agent (perfluorinated ionomer) are incorporated into PEDOT:PSS to achieve high pH ≈ 6 and WF > 5.8 eV, which suppresses etching of underlying ITO and luminescence quenching while maintaining efficient hole injection into perovskite emitting layer. With this synergetic molecular engineering, high current efficiency = 52.55 cd A−1 with extended operating lifetime is achieved in PeLEDs that use colloidal formamidinium lead bromide nanoparticle films. This result provides a simple and efficient way to develop efficient and stable PeLEDs in industrial displays and solid‐state lighting.
Extirpated prairie species demonstrate more variable phenological responses to warming than extant congeners
Authors: Zettlemoyer Meredith A. , Renaldi Katarina , Muzyka Michael D. , Lau Jennifer A. 
Published: June 2021

PREMISEShifting phenology in response to climate is one mechanism that can promote population persistence and geographic spread; therefore, species with limited ability to phenologically track changing environmental conditions may be more susceptible to population declines. Alternatively, apparently nonresponding species may demonstrate divergent responses to multiple environmental conditions experienced across seasons.METHODSCapitalizing on herbarium records from across the midwestern United States and on detailed botanical surveys documenting local extinctions over the past century, we investigated whether extirpated and extant taxa differ in their phenological responses to temperature and precipitation during winter and spring (during flowering and the growing season before flowering) or in the magnitude of their flowering time shift over the past century.RESULTSAlthough warmer temperatures across seasons advanced flowering, extirpated and extant species differed in the magnitude of their phenological responses to winter and spring warming. Extirpated species demonstrated inconsistent phenological responses to warmer spring temperatures, whereas extant species consistently advanced flowering in response to warmer spring temperatures. In contrast, extirpated species advanced flowering more than extant species in response to warmer winter temperatures. Greater spring precipitation tended to delay flowering for both extirpated and extant taxa. Finally, both extirpated and extant taxa delayed flowering over time.CONCLUSIONSThis study highlights the importance of understanding phenological responses to seasonal warming and indicates that extirpated species may demonstrate more variable phenological responses to temperature than extant congeners, a finding consistent with the hypothesis that appropriate phenological responses may reduce species’ likelihood of extinction.
Efficacy of inferior turbinate reduction in pediatric patients: a prospective analysis
Authors: Whelan Rachel L. , Shaffer Amber D. , Stapleton Amanda L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundChronic nasal congestion is a common presentation in the pediatric setting. For patients who fail to respond to maximal medical therapy and adenoidectomy, inferior turbinate reduction (ITR) may be a reasonable adjuvant surgical approach. Our objective was to prospectively evaluate nasal congestion symptoms and daily medication use in the year following ITR in children with and without allergic rhinitis (AR).MethodsPatients younger than 18 years undergoing ITR alone or in combination with nonsinonasal procedures were enrolled. Scores from the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) survey were collected preoperatively and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively from 96 patients. Number and type of pertinent daily medications utilized were also analyzed using Wilcoxon signed‐rank and McNemar's tests. Patients with and without comorbid AR were then compared using Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests.ResultsMedian (range) NOSE sum scores significantly improved from preoperative median of 65 out of 100 points (0–100) to 20 (0–100), (z = 7.12, p < 0.001) at 12 months postoperatively. The median number of daily medications was significantly reduced from 1 (range, 0–4) preoperatively to 0 (range, 0–5) postoperatively (z = 2.38, p = 0.017). Fifty‐six (58.3%) patients had AR. AR patients received more medications preoperatively and postoperatively compared with those without AR (z = −2.96, p = 0.003; z = −2.23, p = 0.024). At 12 months, NOSE scores remained significantly greater in patients with AR compared with those without AR (β = 11.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.676–22.5; p = 0.038).ConclusionOur data highlight the need for a multimodal approach to chronic nasal congestion, particularly in children with AR.
Precise Control of Both Dispersity and Molecular Weight Distribution Shape by Polymer Blending
Authors: Whitfield Richard , Truong Nghia P. , Anastasaki Athina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe breadth and the shape of molecular weight distributions can significantly influence fundamental polymer properties that are critical for various applications. However, current approaches require the extensive synthesis of multiple polymers, are limited in dispersity precision and are typically incapable of simultaneously controlling both the dispersity and the shape of molecular weight distributions. Here we report a simplified approach, whereby on mixing two polymers (one of high Đ and one of low Đ), any intermediate dispersity value can be obtained (e.g. from 1.08 to 1.84). Unrivalled precision is achieved, with dispersity values obtained to even the nearest 0.01 (e.g. 1.37→1.38→1.39→1.40→1.41→1.42→1.43→1.44→1.45), while maintaining fairly monomodal molecular weight distributions. This approach was also employed to control the shape of molecular weight distributions and to obtain diblock copolymers with high dispersity accuracy. The straightforward nature of our methodology alongside its compatibility with a wide range of polymerisation protocols (e.g. ATRP, RAFT), significantly expands the toolbox of tailored polymeric materials and makes them accessible to all researchers.
Photoinduced Self‐Assembly of Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots
Authors: Xing Zheng , Dong Kaituo , Pavlopoulos Nick , Chen Yuexing , Amirav Lilac 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe study of nanocrystal self‐assembly into superlattices or superstructures is of great significance in nanoscience. Carbon nitride quantum dots (CNQDs), being a promising new group of nanomaterials, however, have hardly been explored in their self‐organizing behavior. Here we report of a unique irradiation‐triggered self‐assembly and recrystallization phenomenon of crystalline CNQDs (c‐CNQDs) terminated by abundant oxygen‐containing groups. Unlike the conventional self‐assembly of nanocrystals into ordered superstructures, the photoinduced self‐assembly of c‐CNQDs resembles a “click reaction” process of macromolecules, in which the activated ‐OH and ‐NH2 functional groups along the perimeters initiate cross‐linking of adjacent QDs through a photocatalytic effect. Our findings unveil fundamental physiochemical features of CNQDs and open up new possibilities of manipulating carbon nitride nanomaterials via controlled assembly. Prospects for potential applications are discussed as well.
Insight into two unusual stable homomultinuclear copper (II)‐based bis (salamo)‐type complexes
Authors: Li Peng , Li Li‐Li , Li Shi‐Zhen , Dong Wen‐Kui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUsing symmetrical bis (salamo)‐type tetraoxime ligand H3L and Cu (ClO4)2·6H2O in different solvent systems, two unusual homomultinuclear Cu (II) complexes, [Cu4(L)2(CH3CH2OH)2](ClO4)2·2H2O (1) and [Cu2(L)]n (ClO4)n·nCH3CN (2), were synthesized and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses, elemental analyses, infrared (IR), ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, Hirshfeld surfaces analyses, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Complex 1 includes [Cu4(L)2(CH3CH2OH)2]2+ ion, two ClO4− counter anions, two coordinated ethanol molecules and two aquatic dissociative molecules, the two deprotonated ligand (L)3− units package around four Cu (II) ions yield a centrosymmetric helical molecules with a charged linear folding center, while complex 2 forms a 1‐D linear topology structure and is only the substitution of chloroform in the solvent system of complex 1 with acetonitrile. Coordination mode of complex 2 is widely different from that of complex 1. In the Cu (II) ions of complex 1, there are two coordination modes of Cu (II) ions, the hexa‐coordinated distorted octahedral structure and the penta‐coordinated distorted tetragonal pyramid structure, but complex 2 only has almost perfect tetragonal pyramid geometry. Fluorescence properties of H3L and its complexes 1 and 2 have also been explored.
Biomechanical performance of the cranio‐mandibular complex of the small notosuchian Araripesuchus gomesii (Notosuchia, Uruguaysuchidae)
Authors: Nieto Mauro N. , Degrange Federico J. , Sellers Kaleb C. , Pol Diego , Holliday Casey M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNotosuchia is a clade of crocodyliforms that was highly successful and diverse in the Cretaceous of Gondwana. Araripesuchus gomesii is a small notosuchian from the Early Cretaceous of Brazil that belongs to Uruguaysuchidae, one of the subgroups of notosuchians that first radiated, during the Aptian–Albian. Here we present a finite element analysis of A. gomesii based on a model reconstructed from CT scans and performed using published bone properties for crocodiles. The adductor musculature and their respective attachment areas were reconstructed based on Extant Phylogenetic Bracket. Different functional scenarios were tested applying an estimated 158 N bite force: unilateral bite, bilateral bite, pullback, head‐shake, and head‐twist. The results obtained were compared with those of Alligator mississippiensis, one of its closest living relatives. In the different simulations, the skull and lower jaws of Araripesuchus suffers more stress in the head‐shake movement, followed by the unilateral and pullback bites with stress focalized in the premaxillary region. In contrast, the head‐twist is the one with smaller stress values. Araripesuchus possess an oreinirostral skull that may provide greater overall resistance in the different scenarios on average, unlike Alligator that has a platyrostral skull with less resistance to dorsoventral mechanical loads. Previous hypotheses that considered A. gomesii as omnivorous coupled with our results, its small size, and likely limited bite force, suggest this taxon probably fed on small prey and other trophic items that could catch and handle entirely with its mouth, such as insects and small vertebrates.
Process optimization, metabolic engineering interventions and commercialization of microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates production – A state‐of‐the art review
Authors: Lhamo Pema , Behera Shishir Kumar , Mahanty Biswanath 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundMicrobial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) produced using renewable resources could be the best alternative for conventional plastics. Despite their incredible potential, commercial production of PHAs remains very low. Nevertheless, sincere attempts have been made by researchers to improve the yield and economic viability of PHA production by utilizing low‐cost agricultural or industrial wastes. In this context, the use of efficient microbial culture or consortia, adoption of experimental design to trace ideal growth conditions, nutritional requirements, and intervention of metabolic engineering tools have gained significant attention.Purpose and scopeThis review has been structured to highlight the important microbial sources for PHA production, use of conventional and non‐conventional substrates, product optimization using experimental design, metabolic engineering strategies, and global players in the commercialization of PHA in the past two decades. The challenges about PHA recovery and analysis have also been discussed which possess indirect hurdle while expanding the horizon of PHA‐based bioplastics.SummarySelection of appropriate microorganism and substrate plays a vital role in improving the productivity and characteristics of PHAs. Experimental design‐based bioprocess, use of metabolic engineering tools, and optimal product recovery techniques are invaluable in this dimension.ConclusionOptimization strategies, which are being explored in isolation, need to be logically integrated for the successful commercialization of microbial PHAs.