bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embedded researchers' purpose and practice: Current perspectives from Australia
Authors: Mickan Sharon , Coates Dominiek 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe embedded researcher model proposes that if research is co‐produced with academics, clinical staff will have greater engagement with and ownership of the research findings, and they will be able to integrate evidence in practice. This paper describes the role and purpose of embedded researchers in Australian healthcare settings.MethodsA purposive sample of current and former embedded researchers were invited to participate in an exploratory online survey. Embedded researchers were defined as individuals with research qualifications who worked, or had worked, for at least 30% of their time in a healthcare organisation doing research or research capacity building.ResultsMost embedded researchers described a dual purpose, in building clinicians' capacity for research while also undertaking clinical research. Only a small proportion of respondents described their purpose as supporting and improving clinical practice. Most embedded researchers described working to both traditional academic key performance indicators and a complementary range of clinical performance and healthcare service indicators.ConclusionEmbedded researchers provide more research development and engagement in health services than is recognised or currently reported. In addition to traditional academic indicators, they described a broad range of clinical and health service indicators which measured capacity building.
Thermal performance analysis of non‐Newtonian fluid transport through turbine discs
Authors: Akinshilo Akinbowale T. , Sanusi Michael , Sobamowo Musibau G. , Olorunnisola Abraham E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, the analytical investigation of non‐Newtonian fluid flow through a turbine disc with a heat generation effect is considered. The flow mechanics through the turbine disc is modeled using a coupled system of higher‐order partial equations, which are transformed into ordinary order utilizing proper similarity transforms. Governing models are analyzed using the variation iteration and homotopy perturbation analytical methods. As observed from the results, the study shows enhancement of heat generation for non‐Newtonian fluid flow through turbine disc, reveals abating thermal distribution. More so, the graphical expression shows that heat generation improves up till mid‐disc. Thereafter, an increasing trend toward the fluid injection surface is observed. Validation of analytical solutions with numerical analysis boosts confidence in this study, which may be used to provide further insights into the engineering science of non‐Newtonian flow of hydraulic/lube oil in practical applications, such as hydraulic couplings.
Performance of oral HPV DNA, oral HPV mRNA and circulating tumor HPV DNA in the detection of HPV‐related oropharyngeal cancer and cancer of unknown primary
Authors: Tanaka Hidenori , Suzuki Motoyuki , Takemoto Norihiko , Fukusumi Takahito , Eguchi Hirotaka , Takai Erina , Kanai Haruka , Tatsumi Mitsuaki , Horie Masafumi , Takenaka Yukinori , Yachida Shinichi , Inohara Hidenori 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA biomarker that is useful for the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐related oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) and cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is indispensable. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of HPV DNA and mRNA in oral gargle samples and circulating tumor HPV16 DNA (ctHPV16DNA) in blood samples. Oral HPV DNA and mRNA were analyzed using commercially available HPV assays of the GENOSEARCH HPV31 and Aptima, respectively. ctHPV16DNA was analyzed using in‐house droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. Seventy‐four patients with OPC and eight patients with CUP were included. The sensitivity and specificity of oral HPV DNA, oral HPV mRNA, and ctHPV16DNA were 82% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 66‐92) and 100% (95% CI = 88‐100), 85% (95% CI = 69‐94) and 94% (95% CI = 73‐100), and 93% (95% CI = 81‐99) and 97% (95% CI = 84‐100), respectively, for HPV16‐related OPC, while those were 20% (95% CI = 1‐72) and 100% (95% CI = 3‐100), 0% (95% CI = 0‐52) and 100% (95% CI = 3‐100), and 100% (95% CI = 54‐100) and 100% (95% CI = 16‐100), respectively, for HPV16‐related CUP. The sensitivity of ctHPV16DNA for HPV16‐related OPC was higher than that of oral biomarkers, though the difference was not statistically significant. ctHPV16DNA remarkably correlated with the anatomic extent of disease, total metabolic tumor volume and HPV16 copy number per tumor genome in patients with HPV16‐related OPC/CUP, whereas oral biomarkers did not. In conclusion, ctHPV16DNA is a potentially promising biomarker for HPV16‐related OPC, while further studies are required for HPV16‐related CUP.
Symptom variability in depersonalization–derealization disorder: A latent profile analysis
Authors: Millman L. S. Merritt , Hunter Elaine C. M. , Orgs Guido , David Anthony S. , Terhune Devin B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveDepersonalization–derealization disorder (DDD) is characterized by diverse symptomatology overlapping with anxiety and dissociative disorders, but the sources of this variability are poorly understood. This study aims to determine whether symptom heterogeneity is attributable to the presence of latent subgroups.MethodWe applied latent profile analysis to psychometric measures of anxiety, depersonalization–derealization, and dissociation in 303 DDD patients.ResultsThe analysis yielded evidence for five discrete subgroups: three of varying severity levels and two moderate‐to‐severe classes characterized by differential dissociative symptoms. The five classes reliably differed on several nondissociative symptoms, comorbidities, and factors precipitating their diagnosis but did not significantly differ in other symptoms including anxiety.ConclusionThese results suggest the presence of three distinct DDD subtypes in the upper severity range that are distinguished by differential expression of detachment and compartmentalization symptoms. Further elucidation of these subtypes has potential implications for the etiology, mechanisms, and treatment of DDD.
Investigation into the prevalent CRISPR–Cas systems among the Aeromonas genus
Authors: Baliga Pallavi , Shekar Malathi , TG Puneeth , SK Girisha 
Published: September 2021

AbstractClustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) is a prokaryotic adaptive immune system that checks invasion by mobile genetic elements through nuclease targeting. In this study, we investigated the occurrence, diversity, and features of the CRISPR system in the genus Aeromonas using bioinformatics tools. Only 13 out of 122 complete genomes (10.66%) of the genus Aeromonas from the NCBI GenBank database harbored the CRISPR system. The Type I–F system was the most prevalent CRISPR system among the Aeromonads, followed by the Type I–E system. Only one strain harbored a Type I–C CRISPR system. Among the Aeromonads, Aeromonas caviae (22.7%) and Aeromonas veronii (20%) had a higher prevalence rate of the complete CRISPR system. The analysis of direct repeat (DR) sequences showed that all could form stable RNA secondary structures. A phylogenetic tree generated for the Cas1 protein classified CRISPR subtypes into three distinct clusters. Among the 748 spacers investigated, 41.98% and 17.25% showed perfect homology to phage and plasmid sequences, respectively. Some arrays had duplicated spacers. The CRISPR loci are closely linked to antibiotic resistance genes in most strains. Collectively, our results would contribute to research on antibiotic resistance in the Aeromonas group, and provide new insights into the diversity and evolution of the CRISPR–Cas system.
Decadal shift of the influence of Arctic Oscillation on dust weather frequency in spring over the Middle East during 1974–2019
Authors: Sun Yijie , Mao Rui , Gong Dao‐Yi , Li Ying , Kim Seong‐Joong , Zhang Xiao‐Xiao , Zhang Xuezhen , Hamidi Mehdi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDust weather has an impact on human health and climate change in the Middle East. In this study, we examined the influence of the Arctic Oscillation (AO) on spring dust weather frequency over the Middle East at an interannual timescale during 1974–2019. The results show that there was an interdecadal shift of the influence of AO on dust weather frequency in the Middle East, with a correlation coefficient between the AO index and dust weather frequency changing from −0.52 during 1974–1994 period (P1) to 0.49 during 1995–2013 period (P2). During P1, negative correlations between AO index and dust weather frequency were found over the northern Arabian Peninsula, and during P2, positive ones were mostly over the central and southwestern Arabian Peninsula. In the lower and middle troposphere, negative geopotential height anomalies are associated with the negative phase of the AO over South Europe during P1, whereas negative geopotential height anomalies are associated with the positive phase of the AO over Northeast Africa during P2. The negative height anomalies resulted in the occurrence of more low‐pressure systems and, thus, dust weather in the Middle East. It is found that the interdecadal shift of the influence of the AO on dust weather was related to an AO‐related northward displacement of wave train propagation during P2. Specifically, during P1 period, the northern branch of AO‐related wave train dominated over the middle latitudes of the North Atlantic across South Europe to the Arabian Peninsula, which resulted in the negative height anomaly over South Europe in the lower and middle troposphere. However, during P2 period, the AO‐related wave train propagation moved northward, and then, the southern branch of the AO‐related wave train dominated over the low latitudes of the North Atlantic across northern Africa to the Arabian Peninsula, which played an important role in the formation of the negative height anomalies over Northeast Africa.
The efficacy and safety of low‐energy carbon dioxide fractional laser use in the treatment of early‐stage pediatric hypertrophic scars: A prospective, randomized, split‐scar study
Authors: Won TaeHo , Ma QianYu , Chen ZongAn , Gao Zhen , Wu XiaoLi , Zhang RuHong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundVarious laser therapies have been introduced in scar management. However, pain during treatment has limited the application of laser therapy in pediatrics.ObjectivesTo evaluate whether the use of the low‐energy mode of a carbon dioxide (CO2) laser improves hypertrophic scars in a pediatric population.MethodsThis prospective, randomized, split‐scar trial was designed to assess the safety and efficacy of low‐energy CO2 laser use. Patients aged <12 years with hypertrophic scars were enrolled. Each hypertrophic scar was equally divided into three parts: the two ends of each scar were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups, and the center portion was considered a transition zone and was not included in the analysis. A total of three laser treatments were performed at 1‐month intervals. Scar scale scores 6 months after the final treatment was the primary outcome. Additionally, the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate pain after each treatment.ResultsOf the 23 patients enrolled, 20 completed the study. The total Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) score at the 6‐month follow‐up was significantly lower for the treated site (44.95 for the treated group vs. 64.85 for the control group, p < 0.0001). Both the patient and observer POSAS scores showed an obvious difference between the treated and control groups (19.95 vs. 29.95 for patient scores, respectively, p < 0.0001, and 26.00 vs. 34.90 for observer scores, respectively, p < 0.0001). All observer and patient scores describing pain, pruritus, color, stiffness, and thickness were statistically different and favored the treated site. No significant difference was found in patient score of irregularity. The average VAS therapeutic pain score was 3.5 ± 1.43 out of 10.ConclusionsLow‐energy CO2 fractional laser therapy improved hypertrophic scars in a pediatric population. Therefore, for children with hypertrophic scar, low‐energy CO2 laser with less procedure pain may be more appropriate.
A two‐year prospective study assessing the performance of fetal chromosomal microarray analysis and next‐generation sequencing in high‐risk pregnancies
Authors: Ridnõi Konstantin , Muru Kai , Keernik Maria , Pajusalu Sander , Ustav Eva‐Liina , Tammur Pille , Mölter‐Väär Triin , Kahre Tiina , Šamarina Ustina , Asser Karin , Szirko Ferenc , Reimand Tiia , Õunap Katrin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundIntroduction of cell‐free fetal DNA (cff‐DNA) testing in maternal blood opened possibilities to improve the performance of combined first‐trimester screening (cFTS) in terms of better detection of trisomies and lowering invasive testing rate. The use of new molecular methods, such as chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) and next‐generation sequencing (NGS), has shown benefits in prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal and genetic diseases, which are not detectable with cff‐DNA screening, but require an invasive procedure.MethodsThe objective of this study was to evaluate prospectively during two years performance of CMA and NGS in high‐risk pregnancies. Initially, we investigated 14,566 singleton pregnancies with cFTS. A total of 334 high‐risk pregnancies were selected for CMA diagnostic performance evaluation and 28 cases of highly dysmorphic fetuses for NGS analysis. CMA study group was divided into two groups based on the indications for testing; group A patients with high‐risk for trisomies after cFTS, but normal ultrasound and group B patients who met criteria for CMA as a first‐tier diagnostic test.ResultsThe diagnostic yield of CMA was overall 3.6% (1.6% in Group A and 6.0% in Group B). In NGS analysis group, we report diagnostic yield of 17.9%.ConclusionThe use of CMA in high‐risk pregnancies is justified and provides relevant clinical information in 3.6% of the cases. NGS analysis in fetuses with multiple anomalies shows promising results, but more investigations are needed for a better understanding of practical applications of this molecular diagnosis method in prenatal settings.
Alterations in fast‐twitch muscle membrane conductance regulation do not explain decreased muscle function of SOD1G93A rats
Authors: Leermakers Pieter A. , Skov Martin , Riisager Anders , Nielsen Ole B. , Pedersen Thomas H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroduction/AimsBoth neuromuscular junction (NMJ) dysfunction and altered electrophysiological properties of muscle fibers have been reported in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. ALS‐related preclinical studies typically use rodent SOD1G93A overexpression models, but translation to the human disease has been challenged. The present work explored NMJ function and cellular electrophysiological properties of muscles fibers in SOD1G93A overexpression rats.MethodsLongitudinal studies of compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) were performed in SOD1G93A rats. Cellular studies were performed to evaluate electrophysiological properties of muscle fibers, including the resting membrane conductance (Gm) and its regulation during prolonged action potential (AP) firing.ResultsSOD1G93A rats showed a substantial loss of gastrocnemius CMAP amplitude (35.8 mV, P < .001) and a minor increase in CMAP decrement (8.5%, P = .002) at 25 weeks. In addition, SOD1G93A EDL muscle fibers showed a lower baseline Gm (wild‐type, 1325 μS/cm2; SOD1G93A, 1137 μS/cm2; P < .001) and minor alterations in Gm regulation during repeated firing of APs as compared with wild‐type rats.DiscussionThe current data suggest that loss of CMAP amplitude is largely explained by defects in either lower motor neuron or skeletal muscle with only minor indications of a role for neuromuscular transmission defects in SOD1G93A rats. Electrophysiological properties of muscle fibers were not markedly affected, and an elevated Gm, as has been reported in motor neuron disease (MND) patients, was not replicated in SOD1G93A muscles. Collectively, the neuromuscular pathology of SOD1G93A rats appears to differ from that of ALS/MND patients with respect to neuromuscular transmission defects and electrophysiological properties of muscle fibers.
Children with progressive and relapsed pleuropulmonary blastoma: A European collaborative analysis
Authors: Sparber‐Sauer Monika , Tagarelli Arianna , Seitz Guido , Sorg Benjamin , Bien Ewa , Bel‐Ami Tal , Pourtsidis Apostolos , Lopez Almaraz Ricardo , Koscielniak Ewa , Ferrari Andrea , Orbach Daniel , Bisogno Gianni ,   EXPeRT and CWS Study Groups
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundChildren with progressive (PD) or relapsed disease (RD) of pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) type II/III are known to have a very poor outcome.MethodsA retrospective review of children registered in national and European databases and trials (2000–2018) with diagnosis of PPB type II/III and PD or RD was performed.ResultsA total of 35 patients with PPB were analysed: patients with PD (n = 9) and RD (n = 26). Patients experienced PD at the median age of 3.9 years [range, 0.5–17.8] despite surgery, chemotherapy (CHT, n = 9) and radiotherapy (RT, n = 1) with a median time to progression of 0.58 years [range, 0.02–1.27] from diagnosis. All of them died. Patients suffered from RD at the median age of 4.3 years [1.7–15.1], median delay to relapse 1.03 years [range, 0.03–2.95]. RD occurred locally (n = 12), combined (n = 1) and in metastatic sites (n = 13): central nervous system (n = 11) and unspecified site (n = 2). Patients were treated with salvage CHT (n = 20), surgery (n = 10) ± RT (n = 10). After a median follow‐up of 4.2 years [range, 2.1–14.6], a second complete remission (CR) was achieved in nine out of 26 patients. Patients were alive in the second CR (n = 6), in the third CR (n = 1), in partial remission (n = 2) and lost of follow‐up (n = 1). Five‐year event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with RD were both 37% (±19, CI 95%). Local therapy (surgery, RT) had a favourable impact on OS (p = 0.03 and 0.02, respectively).ConclusionsCure of patients with RD of PPB type II/III with multimodal treatment is possible but rare. Progressive PPB is fatal and patients need new treatment options.
An investigation into mechanical properties of jute–polyester laminates for numerical prediction of strength and failure
Authors: Karthika Muthuthevar Ramamoorthy , Deb Anindya , Venkatesh Gude Subbaraya 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe study of natural fiber–based composites, which are being seen as a potential eco‐friendly alternative to popular synthetic fiber–reinforced composites, has, of late, gained considerable momentum. Replacing the latter composites is, however, an uphill task especially for advanced mechanical and structural engineering applications, which often require assessment of behaviors of materials and components numerically till failure. An implied scenario, for example, would be to design automotive body components using natural fiber–reinforced composites of sufficient strength for meeting crashworthiness requirements. In the current study, bi‐directionally woven jute fabric, due to its established supply base and consistent quality, has been chosen along with a general purpose polyester resin for fabrication of laminates of high fiber volume fraction obtained by combining the hand layup method with compression molding. A detailed and comprehensive mechanical characterization includes, for the first time, determination of tensile, compressive, shear, and flexural behaviors of jute–polyester laminates in a single unified study. The consistency of the generated mechanical properties, including deployment of secant moduli instead of conventional initial tangent moduli, in a finite element constitutive model is established by predicting the test‐based stress–strain or load–displacement behaviors and failure modes using a commercially available explicit nonlinear dynamic analysis code viz. LS‐DYNA.
Generalized homogenization of linear observers: Theory and experiment
Authors: Wang Siyuan , Polyakov Andrey , Zheng Gang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA procedure of upgrading a linear observer to homogeneous (nonlinear) one is proposed and validated by experiment. The nonlinear observer design is based on the concept of a linear geometric homogeneity. The simple procedure developed to apply the homogeneous nonlinear observer is based on the parameters provided by the linear observer, which is potential for many applications to improve their performance. A saturation function is introduced to guarantee the improvement of estimation quality. Finally the theoretical results are confirmed by the QDrone platform of Quanser.
Anthracene‐Based Triazolyl Triethoxysilanes as Selective and Colorimetric Sensor for Cysteine: Rationalization towards Stability Factors, Therapeutics Evaluation and Molecular Docking
Authors: Singh Gurjaspreet , Pawan  , Mohit  , Sushma  , Singh Baljinder , GonzálezSilverac D. , Espinosa‐Ruízc Cristóbal , Estebanc María Angeles , Kaur Amarjit 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIncreased demand of potentialtherapeutics has stimulated an expeditious search of new organosilicon analogues in the field of drug designing and as sensor of essential nutrients. Herein, we design anthracene based triazolyl triethoxysilanes ATES(1–7) tethered via click chemistry and carried out introspection into their sensing ability towards free amino acids using UV‐vis spectroscopy and prospective bioactivities with annotation of hydrolytic, thermal and pH stability factors. The formulated compounds have been thoroughly characterized by elemental analysis, NMR (1H and 13C) and thermal analysis TGA/DTG/DSC to further support the stability and identify the melting temperatures. ATES 3 exhibits as a highly selective and colorimetric sensor for Cysteine (Cys) with limit of detection (LOD) is 5.7×10−6 M. In order to assess the pharmacokinetic profiles of synthesized compounds, their antibacterial, cytotoxicity and antioxidant properties were also tested and investigations established them as promising drug candidates. Furthermore, Molecular docking analysis was performedto analyze the binding conformations of compounds ATES 2 and ATES 3 with Mutant p53 anti‐tumor protein and result reveals that compounds ATES 2 and ATES 3 confers good inhibitory response towards Mutant p53 anti‐tumor protein. The current studies have shed a light on simple and easy optical detection of Cysteine, binding ability with anti‐tumor protein residues and biological applications of synthesized compounds.