bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomics Analysis: Inhibiting the Expression of P62 Protein by Chloroquine Combined with Dacarbazine Can Reduce the Malignant Progression of Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Fei xifeng , Xie Xiangtong , Qin Ruwei , Wang Anqi , Meng Xuan , Sun Fei , Zhao Yifan , Ji Xiaoyan , Huang Qiang , Wang Zhimin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Although uveal melanoma (UM) at the early stage is controllable to some extent, it inevitably ultimately leads to death due to widespread metastasis to the entire body. At present, the difficulty is that there is no way to effectively tackle the metastasis. It is hypothesized that these will be treated by target molecules, but the recognized target molecule has not yet been found. In this study, the target molecule was explored through proteomics.Methods: Transgenic enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) inbred nude mice, which spontaneously display a tumor microenvironment (TME), were used as model animal carriers. The UM cell line 92.1 was inoculated into the brain ventricle stimulating metastatic growth of UM, and a graft re-cultured Next, the UM cell line 92.1-A was obtained through monoclonal amplification, and a differential proteomics database, between 92.1 and ectopic 92.1-A, was established. Finally, bioinformatics methodologies were adopted to optimize key regulatory proteins, and in vivo and in vitro functional verification and targeted drug screening were performed. Results: Cells and tissues displaying green fluorescence in animal models were determined as TME characteristics provided by hosts. The data of various biological phenotypes detected proved that 92.1-A were more malignant than 92.1. Besides this malignancy, p62 protein, selected from 5267 quantifiable differential proteomics databases, was a multifunctional autophagy linker protein, and its expression could be suppressed by chloroquine and dacarbazine that are commonly applied in clinics. Inhibition of p62 could reduce the malignancy degree of metastatic UM. Conclusion: As the carriers of human UM orthotopic and ectopic xenotransplantation, transgenic EGFP inbred nude mice clearly display the characteristics of TME. In addition, the p62 protein optimized by the proteomics is the key protein that increases the malignancy of 92.1 cells, which therefore provides a basis for further exploration of target molecule therapy for refractory metastatic UM.
A Network Pharmacology Exploring the Mechanism of a Chinese Medicine Pair for the Treatment of Gout
Authors: Zhao Wenjia , Liu Wei , Wu Yuanhao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background:Gout is a crystalline-related arthropathy aroused by monosodium urate aggradation, which directly have a bearing on the disturbance of purine excretory and/or hyperuricemia, and seriously affects human health. In China, Dioscoreae Hypoglaucae Rhizoma (DH) and Smilacis Glabrae Rhixoma (SG) are widely used as medicinal pairs to prevent and treat gout. However, there is still a lack of research on the mechanism of DS (DH and SG). The aim of this study is to identify the absorbable components, potential targets and related therapeutic pathways of DS by means of network pharmacology.Material/Methods:We searched the effective chemical components of DS from TCMSP database, and explored the target of DS from GeneCards, a Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular mechANism of Traditional Chinese Medicine (BATMAN-TCM) and STITCH database. Databases such as Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), Therapeutic Target Database (TTD) and Pharmacogenomics Knowledgebase (PharmGkb) were used to query treatment targets for gout. Cytoscape software was applied to build the network map, KEGG database was applied to analyze the pathway of action, and finally a multi-component-multi-target-multi-channel DS treatment gout network was formed.Results: We found 16 active components, 24 KEGG metabolic pathways and 47 common targets of DS. The herb couple DS shares 9 targets with gout, including NOD like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), Steryl-sulfatase (STS), Ephrin type-B receptor 2 (EPHB2), 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 (PRKAA1), ROS Proto-Oncogene 1, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (ROS1), Solute carrier family 22 member 12 (SLC22A12), Phospholipid-transporting ATPase IB (ATP8A2), Interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) and P2X purinoceptor 7 (P2RX7), which may be the key point of DS in the treatment of gout.Conclusions:In this study, we tried to explain the mechanism of DS in the prevention and treatment of gout by using the network pharmacological method and provided an alternative way to study the effect of this Chinese medicine pair.
Biosafety Evaluation and Quantitative Determination of Poly(hexamethylene biguanide) (PHMB) Coated on Cellulosic Fabrics by Kubelka-Munk Equation
Authors: Wang Wen-Yi , Chiou Jia-Chi , Chen Wan-Xue , Yu Jia-Li , Kan Chi-wai 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
It is a challenge to determine the quantity of cationic finishing agents on the surface of cellulosic fabrics. Herein, we report a direct and feasible method by Kubelka-Munk equation to quantify the cationic poly (hexamethylene biguanide) hydrochloride (PHMB) adsorbed onto cotton fabrics based on the principle of formation of a stable blue dye between PHMB and bromophenol blue sodium (BPB). The adsorption of PHMB onto cotton fabrics was first investigated and the maximum adsorption of PHMB was found to be around 8 mg per gram of cotton fabric. After being dyed with BPB, colour strength shows a positive correlation with PHMB at low concentrations (< 2400 mg/L). A linear relationship with a high correlation (C(PHMB) = (K/S—0.7411)/3.4517, R2 = 0.9983) was thus established between colour strength and PHMB concentration. However, this equation should fulfill four requirements for quantifying PHMB: (1) the distribution of PHMB on the surface of cellulosic fabric should be in the form of a monolayer with the content less than 5.3 mg/g; (2) an excess of BPB dyebath should be applied; (3) the dyeing should come to equilibrium; and (4) the fabrics should be evenly dyed. Moreover, MTT assay results indicate that excess PHMB coated on cotton fabrics can cause cytotoxicity and the quantity of PHMB should not exceed 4.62 mg per gram of cotton fabrics for the purpose of biosafety. The sample can be considered non-cytotoxic if the K/S value is lower than 13.2 after dyeing with BPB.
Potential Use of Renewable Energy for Rural Electrification in Pakistan by Incorporating Blockchain Technology
Authors: Rana Aqsa , Gróf Gyula 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Significant innovations in technology and progressing use of renewable energy sources (RES) reinforce the demand for the sustainable, continuous and abundant supply of energy to every consumer. Blockchain, as an emerging technology promises to provide temper proof, secure, transparent and decentralized energy trading mechanisms that help to provide sustainable environmental solutions by circulating economy to empower both consumers and prosumers. The rapid development of blockchain technology has gained interest from energy start-ups, innovation developers, finance suppliers, academic institutions and government. Results: This study outlines potential significance, benefits and application of blockchain technology and analyses how Pakistan can integrate blockchain technology into its distribution system to cope with current challenges. Although the substantial renewable potential of Pakistan is an opportunity to implement blockchain technology but financial management, innovative technology development and acceptance of decentralized technology are the biggest obstacles. After a detailed discussion of Pakistan's current financial position, digital market structure, energy policy and technology situation for the implication of blockchain technology, Photographic Geographical Information System (PVGIS-5) data base tool is used to estimate solar power generation capacity from prosumer community in potential areas of country like Baluchistan. Conclusion: This study recommended feasible site for solar power generation according to PVGIS tool. Then introduces a street scenario about domestic power generation and blockchain based distribution into Pakistan's energy sector like Brooklyn energy system by regulating laws, revising energy polices and suitable development subsidies.
Electrical Energy Transition in the Context of Ghana
Authors: Osei-Tutu Paul , Boadi Samuel , Kusi-Kyei Vincent 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background In Ghana, energy transition as a research theme is new and its manifestations are not glaring. It is inconclusive as to whether energy transition has occurred or not, and in what form if it has occurred. The study sought to find out if energy transition has occurred in Ghana’s electrical energy sector and how. Methods Pieces of information on Ghana’s electrical energy transition manifestations were obtained from reviews of Ghana’s renewable energy policy documents, namely the Ghana Renewable Energy Act (2011) and the Ghana Renewable Energy Master Plan (2019); reviews of Ghana energy sector reports, newspaper articles and information on the websites of Ghana’s energy sector institutions such as the Volta River Authority, Ghana Grid Company Limited, Electricity Company of Ghana and the Northern Electricity Distribution Company; and personal observations.Results The study found that fundamental changes have occurred in Ghana’s electrical energy sector: in the form of transition from exclusive hydro energy to hydro-thermal mix, with thermal constituting about 69% of the 2020 generation mix; and transition from exclusively State supply to State-private supply mix, with about 56% of present supply coming from private companies. These changes have been motivated by need to expand energy supply in response to increasing demand of 10-15% per annum. Renewable energy has attracted attention in policy, with targets such as 10% renewable energy in the energy mix by 2030 and provision of renewable energy to 1,000 off grid communities by 2030. However, renewable energy currently constitutes less than 1% of the electrical energy mix. There has been no change in heavy reliance on fossil energy for vehicular transportation.Conclusions Energy transition in its broad sense of fundamental changes in a country’s electrical energy system has occurred in Ghana but sustainability energy transition in the sense of transition to greener energy has not occurred in Ghana. It is recommended that further studies are conducted on why Ghana’s renewable energy agenda has so far only been agenda in policy with very minimal implementation in practice.
Transcriptome Characterization of Panax Quinquefolius L. seedlings in Response to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi using RNA-seq
Authors: Ran Zhifang , Yang Xiaotong , Zhang Yongqing , Zhou Jie 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Panax quinquefolius L. has been considered as an important traditional Chinese medicine with a history of more than 300 years in China. Ginsenoside is the main bioactive component. Our research group has found that the accumulation of ginsenoside could be affected by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). However the underlying mechanism how AMF affected the biosynthesis of ginsenoside in P. quinquefolius is still unclear. In this study, the RNA-seq analysis was used to evaluate the effects of AMF (Rhizophagus intraradices, R. intraradices) on the expression of ginsenoside synthesis related genes in P. quinquefolius root. The results indicated that a symbiotic relationship between R. intraradices and P. quinquefolius was established. RNA-seq achieved approximately 48.62 G reads of all samples. Assembly of all the reads involved in all samples produced 63420 transcripts and 24137 unigenes. Differential expression analysis was performed between the control and AMF group. A total of 111 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to AMF vs control were identified, 78 and 33 transcripts were upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Based on the functional analysis, Gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed that most DEGs were related to stress responses and cellular metabolic processes. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis identified transduction, plant hormone signal transduction and terpenoids and polyketides biosynthesis pathways. Furthermore, the expression of glycolysis-related genes and ginsenoside synthesis related genes was largely induced by AMF. In conclusion, our results comprehensively elucidated the molecular mechanism how AMF affected the biosynthesis of ginsenoside in P.quinquefolius by transcriptome profiling.
Comprehensive Comparison on Optical Properties of Samarium Oxide (Micro/nano) Particles Doped Tellurite Glass for Optoelectronics Applications
Authors: M.N Azlan , S.S Hajer , Kamari Halimah Mohamed , S.A Umar , M.H.M Zaid , R. Hisam , S.M Iskandar , B.K Kenzhaliyev , G.K Kassymova , N.N Yusof 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Rare-earth oxides microparticles doped tellurite-based glass have been studied extensively to improve the capability of optoelectronic devices. We report a detailed comparison between two sets of glass series containing samarium microparticles and nanoparticles denoted as ZBTSm-MPs and ZBTSm-NPs respectively. The two sets of glass have been successfully fabricated via melt-quenching technique with chemical formula {[(TeO2)0.70 (B2O3)0.30]0.7 (ZnO)0.3}1-y (Sm2O3 (MPs/NPs)) y with y = 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05 mol fraction. The TEM analysis confirmed the existence and formation of nanoparticles in ZBTSm-NPs glasses. The density of ZBTSm-NPs glasses was found higher than ZBTSm-MPs glasses due to the distributions of nano-scale particles in tellurite glass network. There was a linear trend of increment in the refractive index in both sets of glass series along with the concentrations of dopants. The refractive index of ZBTSm-NPs glasses was found higher than ZBTSm-MPs glasses due to the shift in compactness of glass structure with nano-scale particles. In comparison, the absorption peaks of ZBTSm-MPs glasses were greater than ZBTSm-NPs glasses which were mainly due to the restriction of electrons mobility in glass network with nano-scale particles. The optical band gap energy in ZBTSm-NPs glasses was found greater than ZBTSm-MPs glasses which correspond to the widening of forbidden gap with nano-scale particles. The polarizability of ZBTSm-NPs and ZBTSm-MPs was found in non-linear trend along with dopant concentrations. Based on these findings, the improvement of optical properties have been made by introducing samarium oxide nanoparticles in tellurite glass which is beneficial for optoelectronic devices.
Light Therapy Reduces Fatigue in Patients With Cancer: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Xiao Panpan , Ding Siqing , Duan Yinglong , Li Lijun , Zhou Yi , Luo Xiaofei , Xie Jianfei , Cheng Andy SK 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundFatigue is a common symptom in cancer patients that can occur throughout the course of cancer, with a prevalence ranging from 75% to 100%. Nonpharmacological intervention is currently mainly used to address cancer-related fatigue (CRF). Light therapy has been gradually used to treat CRF and has been found to be effective. However, to date, there is no systematic review on light therapies for reducing CRF to verify its effectiveness. This is a protocol for a systematic review that aims to evaluate the effectiveness of light therapies for treating fatigue in cancer survivors. This systematic review protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database.MethodsThis protocol was designed in accordance with the PRISMA-P guidelines. We will search the PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL; The Cochrane Library), Embase (OVID), and CINAHL databases as well as relevant sources of gray literature. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental trials that have evaluated the use of light therapy among cancer patients at any survival phase, with fatigue as an outcome measure, will be included. Two members of the review team will independently extract data from the selected studies and assess their methodological quality using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool.DiscussionThis systematic review and meta-analysis will build upon previous evaluations of light therapies in patients during and after cancer treatment. Due to the multifactorial nature of CRF and the growing demand for etiological-based intervention research, this review seeks to highlight a gap in current practice and to strengthen the evidence base of randomized controlled trials in the area.Systematic review registrationCRD42020215446
Establishment of Qualified Integrated Care System after Total Knee Arthroplasty as a Role of Regional Rheumatoid and Degenerative Arthritis Center
Authors: Han Eun Young , Kim Sang Rim , Im Sang Hee 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Elderly population and advanced knee osteoarthritis are rapidly increasing in Korea and the socioeconomic burden of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to analyze the demographic, clinical and socioeconomic characteristics in patients who underwent TKA and to differentiate the factors affecting participation in inpatient- intensive rehabilitation program after TKA in oo regional rheumatoid and degenerative arthritis center established by government. This retrospective cohort study included 845 patients (735 females; 72.0 ± 5.8 years) diagnosed with primary osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee and who performed an elective unilateral primary TKA between January 2013 and June 2016. Demographic, clinical and socioeconomic characteristics including age, body mass index, obesity, length of stay, OA severity, underlying disease, education level, occupation, location of residence) were reviewed and Patients were allocated to TKA only group (home discharge) and to TKA + rehab group (participation in post-TKA rehabilitation). The variables were analyzed and compared before and after establishment of center and according to participation in intensive rehabilitation. They showed predominance of female and elderly and high prevalence of comorbidities and obesity. Also, the only factor differentiating participation in intensive rehabilitation was the location of residence. Therefore, the regional rheumatoid & degenerative arthritis center was appropriate to meet the high need for participating in intensive rehabilitation after TKA and for the qualified integrated post-TKA care system. The policy support should ensure early rehabilitation and qualified integrated care system and prepare for the increased burden of revision and the future longitudinal study should be conducted for long-term effect of the integrated post-TKA rehabilitation program on functional outcome and patients’ survivorship free from revision.
Long Noncoding RNA FER1L4 Promotes Papillary Thyroid Cancer Progression by Targeting miR-612/CDH4 Axis
Authors: Wu Luyao , Ding Yu , Zhuang Xi , Cai Jingsheng , Tong Houchao , Si Yan , Zhang Hao , Wang Xiaoting , Shen Meiping 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as crucial regulators in various cancers. However, the functional roles of most lncRNA in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) are not detailly understood. This study aims to investigate the biological functions and the molecular mechanism of lncRNA FER1L4 in PTC.Methods: The expression of FER1L4 in PTC was determined via operating RT-PCR assays. Meanwhile, the clinical significance of FER1L4 in PTC patients was described. The biological functions of FER1L4 on PTC cells were evaluated by gain and loss of function experiments. Moreover, animal experiments were performed to reveal the effect on tumor growth. Subcellular distribution of FER1L4 was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization and subcellular localization assays. Luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were applied to define the relationship between FER1L4, miR-612, and CDH4. Results: Upregulated expression of FER1L4 in PTC tissues was correlated with higher lymph node metastasis rate (p=0.020), extrathyroidal extension (p=0.013), and advanced TNM stage (p=0.013). In addition, knockdown of FER1L4 suppressed PTC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, whereas ectopic expression of FER1L4 inversely promoted these processes. Mechanistically, FER1L4 could competitively bind with miR-612 to prevent the degradation of its target gene Cadherin 4 (CDH4). This condition was further confirmed in the rescue assays.Conclusions: This study firstly demonstrates FER1L4 plays an oncogenic role in PTC via FER1L4-miR-612-CDH4 axis and may provide a new therapeutic and diagnostic target for PTC.
Multi Response Optimization of ECDM Process Parameters for Machining of Microchannel in Silica Glass Using Taguchi–GRA Technique
Authors: Bellubbi Sadashiv , Nanjundaswamy Sathisha , Mallick Bijan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this work, machining of microchannel in silica glass was successfully carried out using electro chemical discharge machining (ECDM) process. The experiments were planned according to L27 orthogonal array with applied voltage, stand-off distance (SOD), electrolyte concentration, pulse frequency and pulse-on-time (TON) as control factors. The material removal rate (MRR), overcut (OC) and tool wear rate (TWR) were considered as response characteristics. In this study the effects of control parameters on MRR, OC and TWR have been investigated. The multi-objective optimization of ECDM was carried out through grey relational analysis (GRA) method. Optimal combination of process parameters achieved from GRA was 45V applied voltage, 25wt.% electrolyte concentration, 1.5mm SOD, 400Hz pulse frequency and 45μs TON. ANOVA for GRG study revealed that the applied voltage (70.33%) was most significant factor affecting output responses followed by electrolyte concentration (11.69%), pulse frequency (4.98%) and SOD (4.13%). Furthermore, the regression equations were formulated for the optimum combination to predict the collaboration and higher-order effects of the control parameters. In addition confirmation test was conducted for the optimal setting of process parameters and the comparison of experimental results exhibited a good agreement with predicted values. The microstructural observation of machined surface for the optimum combination was carried out.