bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrolytic accelerated corrosion morphology for structural steel based on an improved solution
Authors: Si Qi , Ding Yang , Zong Liang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Atmospheric corrosion degrades the mechanical properties of steel structures mainly because of stress concentrations caused by an uneven corrosion topography. Electrolytic corrosion is regarded as one of the most efficient indoor accelerated corrosion approaches, while, the uneven atmospheric corrosion topography usually cannot be well simulated by electrolytic corrosion. This study aims to introduce an electrolytic corrosion solution suitable for simulating atmospheric corrosion. The surface morphologies of the structural steel specimens after electrolytic corrosion in three different solutions under various electrification time and magnitude of the current were compared. The surface characteristics of the corroded steel plates were measured by a 3D noncontact surface topography scanner, and analyzed based on surface roughness theory and fractal theory. The results showed that the mixed solution of 0.5% CH3COONa and 0.2% NaCl will produce pitting corrosion on the steel surface, and the surface morphologies of the steel specimens after electrolytic corrosion were consistent with that of neutral salt spray accelerated corrosion test. It is verified that the electrolytic accelerated corrosion in such a solution can simulate actual atmospheric corrosion reasonably.
The relationship between university EFL teachers’ oral feedback beliefs and practices and the impact of individual differences
Authors: Yuksel Dogan , Soruç Adem , McKinley Jim 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study investigated Turkish EFL teachers’ beliefs and practices about the aspects of oral corrective feedback (OCF). It explored the impact of individual differences, namely educational background, special training, and teaching experience, on the relationship between the beliefs and practices. Data on teachers’ practices were collected via 153 h of classroom observations from 51 Turkish EFL teachers at two different universities, and teachers’ beliefs were gathered by a task about OCF. The results showed that teachers’ beliefs and practices were consistent on the aspects of perceived effectiveness, grammatical errors, implicit and explicit feedback. However, their beliefs and practices were inconsistent regarding lexical, phonological errors, and timing of OCF. The results also revealed that of the three individual differences, teaching experience most impacted the consistency between beliefs and practices, thus showing the greater role of teaching experience over special training and educational background on the consistency between beliefs and practices about OCF.
Significance of miR-141 and miR-340 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Wenting , Yang Bo , Li Yiqun , Wang Cuicui , Fang Xinzhi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
We investigated the expression and clinical significance of miR-141 and miR-340 in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC).

Methods
Expression of miR-141 and miR-340 in CSCC, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), and normal cervical squamous epithelium were detected by qRT-PCR. PTEN was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Their relationship with clinicopathological features was analyzed.

Results
The changes of miR-141 and miR-340 were different in CSCC, HSIL, and normal squamous epithelium (P = 0.030). miR-141 expression was statistically significant in gross type, differentiation, uterine corpus invasion, nerve invasion, vagina invasion, and FIGO stage in CSCC (P < 0.05). miR-340 expression was related to tumor size, differentiation, nerve invasion, lymph node metastasis, and FIGO stage in CSCC (P < 0.05). miR-141 and miR-340 expressions were statistically significant in different ages (P < 0.05) in HSIL. The AUC of miR-141 in CSCC diagnosis and that of miR-340 in HSIL diagnosis were 0.893 and 0.764, respectively. The sensitivity and the specificity of miR-141 for diagnosis of CSCC were 95.0% and 60.8%, respectively, while those of miR-340 for diagnosis of HSIL were 90.0 and 48.6%, respectively. miR-141 and miR-340 expressions are associated with PTEN expression (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001).

Conclusion
miR-141 and miR-340 may be associated with their target gene PTEN and involved in the carcinogenesis of cervical squamous epithelium.
Some degree-based topological indices of caboxy-terminated dendritic macromolecule
Authors: Rao Yongsheng , Kanwal Ammarah , Abbas Riffat , Noureen Saima , Fahad Asfand , Qureshi Muhammad Imran 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In the modern era of the chemical science, the chemical graph theory has contributed significantly to exploring the properties of the chemical compounds. Currently, the computation of the topological indices is one of the most active directions of the research in the area of the chemical graph theory. The main feature of the study of the topological indices is its its ability of predicting the various physio-chemical properties. In this article, we compute several degree-based topological indices for the caboxy-terminated dendritic macromolecule. We compute Harmonic index, atom-bond connectivity index, geometric arithmetic index, sum connectivity index, inverse sum index, symmetric division degree, and Zagreb indices for caboxy-terminated dendritic macromolecule. The obtained results have potential to predict biochemical properties such as viscosity, entropy, and boiling point.
Role of heteroatoms and substituents on the structure, reactivity, aromaticity, and absorption spectra of pyrene: a density functional theory study
Authors: Saha Bapan , Bhattacharyya Pradip Kumar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Effect of heteroatoms viz. BN and substituents viz. –Me (methyl), –OH (hydroxyl), –NH2 (amine), –COOH (carboxyl), and –CN (cyano) on the structural parameters, global reactivity, aromaticity, and UV-visible spectra of pyrene are studied with the help of density functional theory (DFT). Global reactivity parameters such as global hardness (η) and electrophilicity (ω) are calculated using density functional reactivity theory (DFRT). Time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) is explored for interpreting the UV-visible absorption spectra. Aromaticity of the pyrene rings are predicted from the nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS) values. Presence of BN unit and substituent induces reasonable impact on the studied parameters. The observed absorption spectra lie predominantly within the UV-region (both blue and red shifts are observed in presence of BN and substituent). HOMO energy and absorption spectra are affected nominally in solvent phase.
Development of reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for determination of selected antihypertensive active flavonoids (rutin, myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol) in medicinal plants found in Botswana
Authors: Binang Katso , Takuwa David T. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study was to develop a rapid, efficient, and cheap chromatographic method for determining four selected antihypertensive active flavonoid compounds in medicinal plants in Botswana. The determination of rutin, quercetin, and kaempferol in selected medicinal plants was conducted in less than 6 min using the developed reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method with a 2.7 µm Ascentis C18 express column (150 × 4.60 mm i.d) at 340, 360, and 368 nm detection wavelengths and mobile phase of methanol and 0.068% of formic acid solution in isocratic elution. Validation results showed good selectivity, linearity (r
2 > 0.99), high percentage recoveries (90.2–104.7%), and precision (% RSD < 2) for n = 3, confirming suitability of the method for determination of the investigated flavonoids in Zingiber officinale (ginger). Application of the developed RP-HPLC method was performed in selected medicinal plants (Lippia javanica
) (mosukujane), Myrothanmus flabellious (galalatshwene), and Elephantorrhiza elephantina (mositsana) used to manage hypertension by herbalists in Botswana. M. flabellious a very commonly used plant for managing hypertension was found to contain highest amounts of rutin and myricetin, whereas nothing was detected for E. elephantina.
Acute Mechanical, Neuromuscular, and Metabolic Responses to Different Set Configurations in Resistance Training
Authors: Piqueras-Sanchiz Francisco , Cornejo-Daza Pedro J. , Sánchez-Valdepeñas Juan , Bachero-Mena Beatriz , Sánchez-Moreno Miguel , Martín-Rodríguez Saúl , García-García Óscar , Pareja-Blanco Fernando 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Piqueras-Sanchiz, F, Cornejo-Daza, PJ, Sánchez-Valdepeñas, J, Bachero-Mena, B, Sánchez-Moreno, M, Martín-Rodríguez, S, García-García, Ó, and Pareja-Blanco, F. Acute mechanical, neuromuscular, and metabolic responses to different set configurations in resistance training. J Strength Cond Res 36(11): 2983–2991, 2022—The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of set configuration on mechanical performance, neuromuscular activity, metabolic response, and muscle contractile properties. Sixteen strength-trained men performed 2 training sessions in the squat exercise consisting of (a) 3 sets of 8 repetitions with 5 minutes rest between sets (3 × 8) and (b) 6 sets of 4 repetitions with 2 minutes rest between sets (6 × 4). Training intensity (75% one repetition maximum), total volume (24 repetitions), total rest (10 minutes), and training density were equalized between protocols. A battery of tests was performed before and after each protocol: (a) tensiomyography (TMG), (b) blood lactate and ammonia concentration, (c) countermovement jump, and (d) maximal voluntary isometric contraction in the squat exercise. Force, velocity, and power output values, along with electromyography data, were recorded for every repetition throughout each protocol. The 6 × 4 protocol resulted in greater mechanical performance (i.e., force, velocity, and power) and lower neuromuscular markers of fatigue (i.e., lower root mean square and higher median frequency) during the exercise compared with 3 × 8, particularly for the last repetitions of each set. The 3 × 8 protocol induced greater lactate and ammonia concentrations, greater reductions in jump height, and greater impairments in TMG-derived velocity of deformation after exercise than 6 × 4. Therefore, implementing lower-repetition sets with shorter and more frequent interset rest intervals attenuates impairments in mechanical performance, especially in the final repetitions of each set. These effects may be mediated by lower neuromuscular alterations, reduced metabolic stress, and better maintained muscle contractile properties.
Regulation of Neural Circuit Development by Cadherin-11 Provides Implications for Autism
Authors: Frei Jeannine A. , Niescier Robert F. , Bridi Morgan S. , Durens Madel , Nestor Jonathan E. , Kilander Michaela B. C. , Yuan Xiaobing , Dykxhoorn Derek M. , Nestor Michael W. , Huang Shiyong , Blatt Gene J. , Lin Yu-Chih 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurologic condition characterized by alterations in social interaction and communication, and restricted and/or repetitive behaviors. The classical Type II cadherins cadherin-8 (Cdh8, CDH8) and cadherin-11 (Cdh11, CDH11) have been implicated as autism risk gene candidates. To explore the role of cadherins in the etiology of autism, we investigated their expression patterns during mouse brain development and in autism-specific human tissue. In mice, expression of cadherin-8 and cadherin-11 was developmentally regulated and enriched in the cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus/striatum during the peak of dendrite formation and synaptogenesis. Both cadherins were expressed in synaptic compartments but only cadherin-8 associated with the excitatory synaptic marker neuroligin-1. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cortical neural precursor cells (NPCs) and cortical organoids generated from individuals with autism showed upregulated CDH8 expression levels, but downregulated CDH11. We usedCdh11knock-out (KO) mice of both sexes to analyze the function of cadherin-11, which could help explain phenotypes observed in autism.Cdh11−/−hippocampal neurons exhibited increased dendritic complexity along with altered neuronal and synaptic activity. Similar to the expression profiles in human tissue, levels of cadherin-8 were significantly elevated inCdh11KO brains. Additionally, excitatory synaptic markers neuroligin-1 and postsynaptic density (PSD)-95 were both increased. Together, these results strongly suggest that cadherin-11 is involved in regulating the development of neuronal circuitry and that alterations in the expression levels of cadherin-11 may contribute to the etiology of autism.
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1-Induced Posttraumatic Brain Injury Neuropathology in the Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus Leads to Sensorimotor Function Deficits and Psychological Stress
Authors: Bhowmick Saurav , Malat Anitha , Caruso Danielle , Ponery Nizmi , D’Mello Veera , Finn Christina , Abdul-Muneer P. M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) promotes adhesion and transmigration of circulating leukocytes across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Traumatic brain injury (TBI) causes transmigrated immunocompetent cells to release mediators [function-associated antigen (LFA)-1 and macrophage-1 antigen (Mac-1)] that stimulate glial and endothelial cells to express ICAM-1 and release cytokines, sustaining neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Although a strong correlation exists between TBI-mediated inflammation and impairment in functional outcome following brain trauma, the role of ICAM-1 in impairing functional outcome by inducing neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration after TBI remains inconclusive. The experimental TBI was inducedin vivoby fluid percussion injury (FPI; 10 and 20 psi) in wild-type (WT) andICAM-1−/−mice andin vitroby stretch injury (3 psi) in brain endothelial cells. We manipulate ICAM-1 pharmacologically and genetically and conducted several biochemical analyses to gain insight into the mechanisms underlying ICAM-1-mediated neuroinflammation and performed rotarod, grid-walk, sucrose preference, and light-dark tests to assess functional outcome. TBI-induced ICAM-1-mediated neuroinflammation and cell death occur via LFA-1 or Mac-1 signaling pathways that rely on oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathways. The deletion or blocking of ICAM-1 resulted in a better outcome in attenuating neuroinflammation and cell death as marked by the markers such as NF-kB, IL-1β, TNF-α, cleaved-caspase-3 (cl-caspase-3), Annexin V, and by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and Trypan blue staining. ICAM-1 deletion in TBI improves sensorimotor, depression, and anxiety-like behavior with significant upregulation of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) D1 receptor (DAD1R), serotonin (5-HT)1AR, and neuropeptide Y (NPY). This study could establish the significance of ICAM-1 as a novel therapeutic target against the pathophysiology to establish functional recovery after TBI.
Abordajes de la violencia y la seguridad pública, hacia un enfoque ético-relacional basado en el cuidado
Authors: Carmona Gallego Diego , Perlo Claudia Liliana 
Published: June 2021

El propósito de este trabajo es brindar una perspectiva teórica en torno a la prevención de la violencia y la seguridad, problema relevante en nuestra sociedad actual, que posibilite repensar e incidir en las políticas públicas vigentes. Los desarrollos teóricos aquí presentados son emergentes de nuestro trabajo de campo. Se trata de estudios cualitativos de corte etnográfico, en diversos territorios sociocomunitarios en la ciudad de Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. Los mismos se llevaron a cabo entre los años 2014-2019 y giraron en torno a los problemas de prevención de la violencia, seguridad, políticas y prácticas de cuidado. En tales estudios advertimos tres abordajes de la seguridad desde la política pública. Los mismos soportan diferentes sustentos ontoepistemológicos que analizaremos en este artículo. Los hemos reunido en tres categorías: abordaje represivo-punitivo, centrado en el control y la prevención del delito; abordaje de la restitución de los derechos, basado en garantizar la igualdad socioeconómica y cultural y el abordaje ético-relacional propuesto en este trabajo que busca dar un giro a este crónico problema, apostando a la reparación de los vínculos a través del cuidado de sí y el cuidado del otro. En este trabajo abordaremos la inseguridad como modo relacional constitutivo de las sociedades modernas. Profundizaremos en la concepción de cuidado, y la pondremos en relación y en tensión con el concepto de seguridad. Finalmente, presentamos apreciaciones finales que dan cuenta de nuestros hallazgos de investigación, conducentes a replantear las políticas públicas sobre la cuestión.
Lesiones medulares catastróficas en el rugby argentino. Impacto de las medidas implementadas y su reducción relativa en el tiempo
Authors: Carpani Federico , Salvat Fernando , Saco Marcelo , Farcy Nicole , Zamorano Carolina , Bruno Verónica , Farez Mauricio Franco , Nogués Martín 
Published: June 2021

Introducción: Se entiende por lesión catastrófica a cualquier trauma grave que comprometa la cabeza, el cerebro, la columna vertebral o la médula espinal, que pone en riesgo la vida o puede dejar una discapacidad permanente o semipermanente. En la Argentina, la incidencia de lesionados en el ámbito del rugby es alta comparada con la de otros países. En los últimos años, se han implementado múltiples medidas de prevención y se han modificado normas con el objetivo de evitar las lesiones catastróficas.
Materiales y Métodos: Se analizaron datos obtenidos de una encuesta telefónica realizada en el marco de colaboración entre la Unión Argentina de Rugby y la Fundación para la Lucha de Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia (Fleni). Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de los datos. Se recopilaron los cambios en las normativas del deporte, que pudieran tener impacto en las futuras lesiones.
Resultados: Se observa que el número de lesiones se mantiene estable año tras año. Al asociar este dato con un aumento sostenido de la cantidad de jugadores por año, impresiona haber una disminución relativa del riesgo de lesionarse.
Conclusiones: Las lesiones catastróficas generan un gran impacto en la calidad de vida del jugador y de su entorno. Deben considerarse inadmisibles y se deben incrementar los esfuerzos para lograr eliminar los riesgos de lesionarse. El esfuerzo de las entidades reguladoras impresiona tener un impacto positivo al haberse logrado una reducción relativa de las lesiones en relación con el aumento de jugadores año tras año.
O vazio e a “comunidade que vem”: reflexões político-teológicas desde a pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Souza Daniel Santos 
Published: June 2021

Esse artigo tem a comunidade no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 como um conceito organizador. Com os cenários de isolamento social, as perguntas pelo “viver junto” e o “viver só” tornam-se latentes. Para ensaiar possibilidades prático-teóricas para o problema do viver comum, organizei esse artigo a partir das seguintes temáticas: i) a aproximação entre a comunidade e o imaginário da trindade, com novas possibilidades de leitura a partir das noções de “makom” e de “pericórese”; ii) a reflexão sobre a “comunidade que vem” e as propostas de dessubjetivação e esvaziamento de uma noção ideal e colonial de humanidade; e iii) as leituras teológicas sobre a graça e as “brechas” possíveis para a constituição de arranjos éticos comuns. O movimento do texto, portanto, nos coloca diante do dilema da vida na pandemia e, nesse cenário de insegurança, ensaia estratégias imaginativas que assumem o vazio (de Deus e do humano) para nos arriscarmos em uma (im)possibilidade da vida em relação.
The 2019 Ms 4.2 and 5.2 Beiliu Earthquake Sequence in South China: Complex Conjugate Strike-Slip Faulting Revealed by Rupture Directivity Analysis
Authors: He Xiaohui , Liang Hao , Zhang Peizhen , Wang Yue 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe South China block has been one of the most seismically quiescent regions in China, and the geometries and activities of the Quaternary faults have remained less studied due to the limited outcrops. Thus, source parameters of small-to-moderate earthquakes are important to help reveal the location, geometry distribution, and mechanical properties of the subsurface faults and thus improve the seismic risk assessment. On 12 October 2019, two earthquakes (the Ms 4.2 foreshock and the Ms 5.2 mainshock) occurred within 2 s and are located in southern South China block, near the junction region of the large-scale northeast-trending fault zones and the less continuous northwest-trending fault zones. We determined the point-source parameters of the two events via P-wave polarity analysis and regional waveform modeling, and the resolved focal mechanisms are significantly different with the minimum 3D rotation angle of 52°. We then resolved the rupture directivity of the two events by analyzing the azimuth variation of the source time duration and found the Ms 4.2 foreshock ruptured toward north-northwest for ∼1.0 km, and the Ms 5.2 mainshock ruptured toward east-southeast (ESE) for ∼1.5 km, implying conjugate strike-slip faulting. The conjugate causative faults have not been mapped on the regional geological map, and we infer that the two faults may be associated with the northwest-trending Bama-Bobai fault zone (the Shiwo section). These active faults are optimally oriented in the present-day stress field (northwest-southeast) and thus may now be potentially accumulating elastic strain to be released in a future large earthquake.
Spatiotemporal Relationship between Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge System and Intraplate Seismicity of the European Arctic
Authors: Antonovskaya Galina N. , Basakina Irina M. , Vaganova Natalya V. , Kapustian Natalia K. , Konechnaya Yana V. , Morozov Alexey N. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this article, we investigate the influence of the Arctic mid-ocean ridge system (AMORS), including the Gakkel and Mohns ridges, and the Knipovich ridge–Lena trough (KL) segment, on seismicity of the Novaya Zemlya archipelago area (NZ) and the northernmost margin of the East-European Platform (EEP) for 1980–2019. For each individual area, the annual seismic energy was obtained by adding the energies of all earthquakes. To do this, we have converted various types of magnitude by different seismic networks into moment magnitude Mw. We compiled the updated catalog for the NZ, the northern EEP, and the northern part of the Ural fold belt (UFB). As a result, we constructed time distributions of annual seismic energy releases for each composing ridges of AMORS, NZ, and EEP combined with UFB. A model based on the Elsasser’s one describing the transfer of lithospheric stress disturbances in the horizontal direction was built, and quantitative calculations of the disturbance propagations from AMORS were performed. Results are in good agreement with the annual seismic energy time lags between rifts and NZ and EEP together with the UFB. We calculated correlation coefficients between the seismic energy releases over the time for the structures, enabling identification of the characteristic excitation cycles and estimation of the interval of disturbance transfer from AMORS. As a result, disturbances from the Gakkel ridge appear 3 yr later in NZ, from the KL segment in 4 yr, and from the Mona ridge in 8 yr. For the EEP + UBF combined area, we found the following disturbances spreading lags as 7 yr for the Mona ridge, 4 yr for the KL segment, and 5 yr for the Gakkel ridge. The obtained damping amplitudes of the disturbance spreading from the arctic ridges are sufficient to affect the intraplate seismic activity.