bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regenerative role of Genistein treatment on Fibrotic and inflammatory Biomarkers Alteration in the Lung of Estrogen deficient Rats
Authors: Daghigh Faeze , Zolbin Masoumeh Majidi , Karimi Pouran , Alihemmati Alireza , Ahmadiasl Nasser 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Phytoestrogens are suggested to have estrogenic effects in the pulmonary system and have been revealed with a few adverse side effects. In this study, we tried to investigate the effect of genistein treatment on estrogen deficiency-induced lung injury and demonstrating whether genistein supplementation could replace estrogen hormone in postmenopausal women.
Methods

Forty adult female rats were divided into four groups; sham: rats that underwent surgery without ovariectomy, OVX: rats that underwent ovariectomies, OVX.E: ovariectomized rats with eight weeks period of estrogen treatment (20µg/kg/day), OVX.Gen: ovariectomized rats with eight week period of genistein treatment (1mg/kg/day). At the end of the experiment, lung tissue was removed and inflammatory and fibrotic biomarkers were evaluated with western blotting technique. Hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining were used to evaluate histomorphological changes in the lung tissue.
Results

Genistein treatment restored ERK1/2, TGFβ1, MMP2, and IL1β, Bcl-2, and caspase3 expression levels, implying the effectiveness of genistein supplementation in targeting estrogen deficiency symptoms.
Conclusions

Genistein supplementation exerted protective effects against ovariectomy-induced lung injury with reducing inflammation and fibrosis, moreover, it can be recommended as a natural alternative to postmenopausal hormone therapy.
Nicotine Regulates Autophagy of Human Periodontal Ligament Cells Through α7 nAchR That Promotes Secretion of Inflammatory Factors IL-1β and IL-8
Authors: du yang , Yang Kuan , Zhou Zhifei , Wu Lizheng , Wang Lulu , Chen Yujiang , Ge Xin , Wang Xiaojing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Backgroud: Nicotine is an important risk factor and the main toxic component associated with periodontitis. However, the mechanism of nicotine induced periodontitis is not clear. To investigated the mechanism through which nicotine regulates autophagy of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) through the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) and how autophagy further regulates the release of IL-1β and IL-8 secretion in hPDLCs. Methods: HPDLCs were obtained from root of extracted teeth and pre-incubated in alpha-bungarotoxin (α-BTX) or 3-Methyladenine (3-MA), followed by culturing in nicotine. We used a variety of experimental detection techniques including western blotting, immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and RT-qPCR to assess the expression of the LC3 protein, autolysosome, and release of IL-1β and IL-8 from hPDLCs. Results: Western blots, immunofluorescence and TEM results found that the nicotine significantly increased the autophagy expression in hPDLCs that was time and concentration dependent and reversed by α-BTX treatment (p﹤0.05). RT-qPCR and ELISA results revealed a noticeable rise in the release of inflammatory factors IL–1β and IL-8 from hPDLCs in response to nicotine. RT-qPCR and ELISA results showed that nicotine can significantly up-regulate the release of inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-8 in hPDLCs, and this effect can be inhibited by 3-MA (p﹤0.05).Conclusions: Nicotine regulated autophagy of hPDLCs through α7 nAChR and in turn the regulation of the release of inflammatory factors 1L-1β and 1L-8 by hPDLCs.
A rough surface damping contact model and its application in spatial variable stator vane mechanism with dry friction joint
Authors: Cheng Shuai , Meng Xianghui , Li Rui , Liu Ruichao , Zhang Rui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
For the mechanical system without oil lubrication, the impact or collision often occurs in the joint clearance, such as the variable stator vane (VSV) mechanism. In the dry friction joint, the damping of the contact bodies has a significant effect on the simulation stability of the tribo-dynamics calculation process. In order to investigate the effect of contact damping and joint clearance on the VSV mechanism performance, this paper proposes a damping contact model on rough surfaces to calculate the clearance contact force between the trunnion and bushing, and the spatial tribo-dynamics of VSV is established by combining this model with spatial dynamics. In addition, the effect of clearance size on the tribo-dynamics is analyzed. The results show that the contact damping must be included in the contact force model of dry friction joints, otherwise the calculation process will oscillate or even not converge, but the contact damping effect can be ignored in the case of lubricating oil. The movement of the trunnion in the bushing is affected by the adjustment drive and the aerodynamic drag, which leads to the wear concentrated on the edge of the bushing. The clearance size affects the distribution of the damping forces and the rigid forces in the contact process, and the damping forces ensure the stability of the VSV tribo-dynamics simulation process. Moreover, with the increase of clearance, the adjustment accuracy of the VSV mechanism is reduced, and the wear of the bushing is intensified.
Comparison of Charge Transport and Opto-Electronic Properties of Pyrene and Anthracene Derivatives For OLED Applications
Authors: Uzun K. , Sayın S. , Tamer Ö. , Çevik U. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, three organic semiconductors which are 9-[(5-nitropyridin-2-aminoethyl)iminiomethyl]-anthracene( a )and Nꞌ -((pyren-4-yl)methylene)isonicotinohydrazide ( b ), and novel organic semiconductor N -(2-((pyren-4-yl)methyleneamino)ethyl)-5-nitropyridin-2-amine ( c ) have been prepared. Their structure have been assessed using NMR and elemental analysis techniques. While compound (a) and compound (c) have same wing unit ([(5-nitropyridin-2-aminoethyl) iminiomethyl]), compounds (b) and (c) have same core unit (5-nitropyridin-2-amine). Based upon TD-DFT and Marcus theories, we have explored the effect of molecular structure on the opto-electronic properties for OLED applications. Our results show that, wing units of molecules effects the opto-electronics properties a lot than core units. Such that, compounds (a) and (c) which have same wing unit, have been exhibited quite similar behaviours from points of both structural and opto-electronic parameters. Wheares, similar sitiation has not been observed for compounds (b) and (c) which have same core unit. More importantly accordingly our results, compounds (a) and (c) exhibit obvious advantages for organic electronic devices in terms of calculated opto-electronic and charge transport properties such as with better absorption and emission parameters, lower energy gaps and reorganization energies, higher charge mobility, etc.
All-Chalcogenide Programmable All-Optical Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Yu Ting , Ma Xiaoxuan , Pastor Ernest , George Jonathan , Wall Simon , Miscuglio Mario , Simpson Robert , Sorger Volker 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Deeplearning algorithms are revolutionising many aspects of modern life. Typically, they are implemented in CMOS-based hardware with severely limited memory access times and inefficient data-routing. All-optical neural networks without any electro-optic conversions could alleviate these shortcomings. However, an all-optical nonlinear activation function, which is a vital building block for optical neural networks, needs to be developed efficiently on-chip. Here, we introduce and demonstrate both optical synapse weighting and all-optical nonlinear thresholding using two different effects in one single chalcogenide material. We show how the structural phase transitions in a wide-bandgap phase-change material enables storing the neural network weights via non-volatile photonic memory, whilst resonant bond destabilisation is used as a nonlinear activation threshold without changing the material. These two different transitions within chalcogenides enable programmable neural networks with near-zero static power consumption once trained, in addition to picosecond delays performing inference tasks not limited by wire charging that limit electrical circuits; for instance, we show that nanosecond-order weight programming and near-instantaneous weight updates enable accurate inference tasks within 20 picoseconds in a 3-layer all-optical neural network. Optical neural networks that bypass electro-optic conversion altogether hold promise for network-edge machine learning applications where decision-making in real-time are critical, such as for autonomous vehicles or navigation systems such as signal pre-processing of LIDAR systems.
Body image shame in men: Confirmatory Factor Analysis and psychometric properties of the Body Image Shame Scale
Authors: Duarte Cristiana , Ferreira C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose

Body image shame plays a key role in disordered eating symptoms and psychological adjustment. Nonetheless, research has been mainly focused on women. The Body Image Shame Scale (BISS) was previously developed and tested in a nonclinical sample of women.
This study examines the BISS in a male
sample comprising students and community participants.
Methods

Participants were 420 men, who completed the BISS and self-report measures of shame, self-criticism, body weight and shape concerns and psychopathological symptoms.
Results

The previously identified structure of the BISS, with an external and internal dimension, fitted the data well. All items presented high reliability. The BISS total score and its subscales in men present high construct reliability, and convergent and discriminant validity. Correlation analyses indicated that BISS and its subscales in men present positive associations with general shame and self-criticism, body weight and shape concerns, and with indices of poorer psychological adjustment.
Conclusion

Findings supported that the BISS is a reliable measure to assess body shame in men.
Microwave Enhanced Synthesis of Sulfonated Chitosan-montmorillonite for Effective Removal of Methylene Blue
Authors: Mubarak Nur Shazwani Abdul , Bahrudin N.N. , Jawad Ali H. , Hameed B.H. , Sabar Sumiyyah 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this work, sulfonated chitosan montmorillonite composite (S-CS-MT) beads were synthesized using a microwave irradiation method designed to have a better saving-time procedure. The potency of S-CS-MT as an adsorbent was assessed for the removal of cationic dyes such as methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. The batch adsorption experiments indicated that MB adsorption onto S-CS-MT follows the Pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum extent obtained from the Langmuir isotherm model for MB adsorption was 188.2 mg g− 1 at 303 K. The thermodynamic study indicated that the adsorption reaction is favorable and spontaneous. These findings indicated that montmorillonite chitosan grafted with the sulfonate group has the ability and efficacy as biohybrid adsorbent for the adsorption of cationic dyes.
Rural and Urban Differences in Overdose Response and Prevention Among Persons Who Inject Drugs
Authors: Walters Suzan M , Felsher Marisa , Frank David , Townsend Tarlise , Muncan Brandon , Friedman Samuel R , Ompad Danielle 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundOverdose is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among people who inject drugs (PWID). Illicitly manufactured fentanyl is now a major driver of opioid overdose deaths. This analysis explores rural-urban differences in overdose experiences among PWID. We focus on perceptions of fentanyl and overdose prevention and reversal strategies.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 59 participants who injected drugs, 19 from rural southern Illinois and 40 from New York City (NYC). Seven key informants were also interviewed (three from Illinois and four from NYC) to provide additional perspectives. Data were analyzed using constant comparison and theoretical sampling methods.ResultsParticipants in urban NYC described most commonly injecting heroin and fentanyl, which differed from the rural Illinois drug market that was dominated by methamphetamines. Despite these geographic differences, participants from both locations were concerned about the growing presence of fentanyl in their drug supply and many disclosed overdose experiences. Strategies to lower overdose risk included purchasing drugs from trusted network members and partial drug injection, however, fentanyl test strip use was low in both locations. A key difference emerged related to the use of naloxone; NYC participants commonly described using naloxone as a primary overdose response, but participants in rural Illinois did not. Low naloxone use in Illinois was attributed to perceived risks of its use, such as fear of arrest and opioid withdrawal symptoms the naloxone receiver may experience. ConclusionsDespite similarities in fentanyl awareness and concern, important rural-urban differences emerged related to access to overdose prevention and reversal resources. Findings can inform regional-specific interventions to reduce overdose risk among PWID.
Influence of Sagittal Root Positions on the Stress Distribution Around Custom-made Root-analogue Implants: A Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Lin Chunping , Hu Hongcheng , Zhu Junxin , Wu Yuwei , Rong Qiguo , Tang Zhihui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Stress concentration may cause bone resorption even lead to the failure of implantation. This study was designed to investigate whether a certain sagittal root position could cause stress concentration around maxillary anterior custom-made root-analogue implants via three-dimensional finite element analysis.Methods: Six models were constructed and divided into two groups. The smooth group included models of unthreaded custom-made implants in Class I, II or III sagittal root positions. The threaded group included models of reverse buttress-threaded implants in the three positions. Stress distributions under vertical and oblique loads of 100 N were analyzed.Results: Stress concentrations around the labial lamella area were more prominent in the Class I position than in the Class II and Class III positions under oblique loading. Under vertical loading, the most obvious stress concentration areas were the labial lamella and palatal apical areas in the Class I and Class III positions, respectively. Stress was relatively distributed in the labial and palatal lamellae in the Class II position. The maximum von Mises stress in the bone around the custom-made root-analogue implants in this study was lower than around traditional implants reported in the literature. Additionally, compared to the smooth group, the threaded group showed lower von Mises stress in the bone around the implants.Conclusions: The sagittal root position affected the von Mises stress distribution around custom-made root-analogue implants. There was no certain sagittal root position that could cause excessive stress concentration around the custom-made root-analogue implants. Among the three sagittal root positions, the Class II position would be the most appropriate site for custom-made root-analogue implants.
Neddylation inhibition protects against ischemic brain injury
Authors: Yu Huilin , Luo Haiyu , Chang Luping , Kang Lijing , Cao Yongliang , Wang Ranran , Yang Xing , Zhu Yuanbo , Shi Mei-Juan , Hu Yue , Liu Zhongwang , Fan Wenying , Zhao Bing-Qiao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Neddylation is a ubiquitylation-like pathway that is critical in various cellular functions by conjugating NEDD8 to target proteins. However, the roles of neddylation in stroke, remain elusive. Here, we report that NEDD8 conjugation increased after ischemic stroke and was abundantly present in neutrophils, whereas cullin-1, a key substrate of neddylation, was upregulated in endothelium. Inhibition of neddylation by MLN4924, inactivated cullin-RING E3 ligase (CRL), reduced brain infarction and improved functional outcomes. MLN4924 treatment induced accumulation of the CRL substrate NF1. Knockdown of NF1 abolished MLN4924-dependent inhibition of neutrophil trafficking. These effects were mediated through activation of endothelial P-selectin and ICAM-1. Moreover, NF1 silencing blocked MLN4924-afforded BBB protection and neuroprotection through activation of PKCδ, MARCKS and MLC in cerebral microvessels. Our results demonstrate that increased neddylation promoted neutrophil trafficking and thus exacerbated injury of the BBB and stroke outcomes. We suggest that the neddylation inhibition may be beneficial in ischemic stroke.
Dual-Atoms Iron Sites Boost the Kinetics of Reversible Conversion of Polysulfide for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Qiu Yue , Sun Xun , Wang Maoxu , Wu Xian , Jiang Bo , Tian Da , Song Xueqing , Yin Xiaoju , Zhang Yu , Tang Dongyan , Fan Lishuang , Zhang Naiqing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Atomically dispersed metal catalysts have offered significant potential for accelerating sluggish kinetics of transformation of lithium polysulfide(LiPS) and inhibiting the shuttle effect to achieve the long-life cycling and high rate of lithium sulfur batteries. However, the end-on adsorption structure between single metal site and polysulfide limits the adsorption capacity and catalytic activity of single atom catalysts. Here, we construct dual-atoms iron sites on nitrogen doped graphene to serve as highly efficient catalyst for lithium sulfur batteries. As expected, the dual-atoms sites can firmly bound polysulfides by forming double Fe-S bonds between polysulfides and the two adjacent iron atoms. Such double-bond adsorption structure is also favorable for the electron transfer and polysulfides activation, so as to reduce the energy barrier and accelerate the reaction kinetics. As a result, the as-obtained dual-atoms iron catalyst can effectively alleviate the shuttle effect and improve the utilization of active sulfur, thus the batteries present high initial capacity of 1615 mAh g-1 at 0.05 C and long-cycle life with a decay rate per cycle as low as 0.015% at 2C over 1000 cycles.
Comparative Analysis of Outcomes and Side Effects in Chondrodystrophic Dogs Treated With Preoperative Methylprednisolone Versus Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Authors: McCartney William , Ober Ciprian Andrei , Benito Maria 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation is likely the most common neurologic disease presented to the small-animal practitioner. The use of methylprednisolone (MPSS) as an adjunct to surgical decompression in cases of acute spinal cord injury following intervertebral disc extrusion is controversial. A prospective preliminary study was undertaken to compare the preoperative use of MPSS and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in 40 chondrodystrophic dogs presenting with similar signs and undergoing spinal decompressive surgery. ResultsTwenty dogs received MPSS and 20 had NSAIDs administered preoperatively. The outcomes were similar in both groups, but the frequency of side effects such as vomiting (MPSS group: 90% versus NSAIDs group: 55%), and anorexia within the first three days (present in all 20 dogs pretreated with MPSS) was significantly different, with complications being more prevalent in the MPSS group. This study details the preoperative use of MPSS in a cohort of similar dogs undergoing spinal decompressive surgery and compares the use of MPSS to NSAIDs. The use of MPSS is associated with higher adverse side effects than NSAIDs.ConclusionsOur results shows that MPSS use is associated with higher side effects than when using NSAIDs instead. Side effects are significantly more evident with MPSS –including vomiting and anorexia during the first 3 days after surgery– than with NSAID, with an outcome recovery similar in both groups.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Progression and role of Genetic Variation in IL-22 and FOXP3 gene in population of Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Nageen , Aneela Syeda , Aqsa Noor , Hussain Talib , Saeed Muhammad Ahmad 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Periodontitis: still more to learn about - Results of a telephone survey in Germany
Authors: Deinzer Renate , Jordan Andreas Rainer 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction Despite a broad public awareness of the need for good oral health, periodontitis is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. One explanation might be that people lack specific knowledge about the disease enabling them to proper oral health behavior. The present study aimed to assess the current periodontitis-related knowledge of the German population.Methods/Design Former participants of the 5th German Oral Health Study (n = 333 16-year-olds, n = 307 39-48-year-olds, n = 332 69-78-year-olds) answered open-ended (OEQs), single- (SCQs) and multiple-choice questions (MCQs) regarding periodontal diseases and oral hygiene behavior in a computer assisted telephone interview provided by professional interviewers.OEQs assess active knowledge, SCQs and MCQs help to identify passive knowledge (correct answers) and specific misconceptions (wrong answers). Answer frequencies and effect sizes of group differences (Cramer’s V) are presented.Results Active knowledge regarding the definition, risk-factors, consequences and prevention of periodontitis and regarding proper oral hygiene behavior was low. In SCQs and MCQs participants often chose wrong and right answer categories with comparable frequencies.Conclusions Efforts to provide the population with comprehensive information on periodontitis must be intensified. The findings indicate that this educational work should begin at school age but must not end there.
Trasplantation of Exosomes Derived From CD90 Positive Fibroblasts Reduce Apoptosis of Cardiomyocytes in Mice After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Li Qi , Shen Xiaolei , Wen Shan , Li Yuanlong , Xie Dong-Mei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) leads to cardiomyocyte death resulting in cardiac dysfunction. However, the molecular mechanism is still poorly understood. Cardiac fibroblasts can be marked by CD90, a N-glycosylated glycophosphatidylinositol anchored conserved cell surface protein, and the CD90 positive cardiac fibroblasts can release exosome against ischemic damage. Reduce apoptosis can promote the recovery of myocardial function after ischemic heart. Interestingly, exosome from CD90 positive cardiac fibroblasts can decrease the level of apoptosis after MI in vivo. However, the ability of CD90 positive cardiac fibroblasts exosome to reduce apoptosis, and the potential effects on the recovery of cardiomyocytes in heart after MI remain to be clarified. In this study, we found that CD90 positive cardiac fibroblasts exosome treated induced myocardial function recovery in a mouse MI model. Indeed, CD90 positive cardiac fibroblasts exosome increased phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and kinase B (AKT) after MI. In addition, CD90 positive cardiac fibroblasts exosome decreased TUNEL in cardiomyocytes after MI. Furthermore, PI3K was inhibited by PI3K inhibitor LY294002, while hypoxia-stimulated primary cardiomyocytes were treated with CD90 positive cardiac fibroblasts exosome. Collectively, our results suggest that CD90 positive cardiac fibroblasts exosome can improve the recovery of cardiac function by decreasing apoptosis after MI in mice, likely via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.