bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards inclusion and diversity in the light of Universal Design: three administrative buildings in Aswan city as case studies
Authors: Khalil M. E. , Mohamed N. A. , Morghany E. A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSocial inclusion aims to achieve an inclusive society that entails respect for human diversity and upholds principles of equality and equity, allowing all groups to take part in the society. Universal Design (UD) promotes inclusiveness by supporting access for all and easy use of the built environment, thus eliminating any form of exclusion and discrimination.This study examines the UD application in Aswan’s administrative buildings. The study relied on the descriptive, analytical, and inductive approach, through the identification of deficiencies in the selected administrative buildings’ design, and the clarification of development strategies to make these buildings for all. The case study method has two processes (approaches) in evaluating the case study buildings; the first was by the researchers according to UD requirements using the study’s checklist; the second was by users according to UD principles using interviews and task sheets.This research aims at emphasizing the positive effects of UD application on the selected buildings. In addition, it also aims at determining the compatibility of those buildings with the UD concept.The study result showed that the case study buildings are not compatible considerably with the requirements of the UD and its principles. The research concluded that architects should consider UD requirements and principles when designing administrative buildings and when rehabilitating and developing the existing ones.Thus, the study’s outputs could be used as a guidance tool by architects and construction managers in introducing universally designed buildings to all users.
Genetic Counseling and Testing in African American Patients With Breast Cancer: A Nationwide Survey of US Breast Oncologists
Authors: Ademuyiwa Foluso O. , Salyer Patricia , Tao Yu , Luo Jingqin , Hensing Whitney L. , Afolalu Abisola , Peterson Lindsay L. , Weilbaecher Katherine , Housten Ashley J. , Baumann Ana A. , Desai Monica , Jones Susan , Linnenbringer Erin , Plichta Jennifer , Bierut Laura 
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE To determine if physicians' self-reported knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding genetic counseling and testing (GCT) vary by patients' race. METHODS We conducted a nationwide 49-item survey among breast oncology physicians in the United States. We queried respondents about their own demographics, clinical characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, practices, and perceived barriers in providing GCT to patients with breast cancer. RESULTS Our survey included responses from 277 physicians (females, 58.8%; medical oncologists, 75.1%; academic physicians, 61.7%; and Whites, 67.1%). Only 1.8% indicated that they were more likely to refer a White patient than refer an African American patient for GCT, and 66.9% believed that African American women with breast cancer have lower rates of GCT than White women. Regarding perceived barriers to GCT, 63.4% of respondents indicated that African American women face more barriers than White women do and 21% felt that African American women require more information and guidance during the GCT decision-making process than White women. Although 32% of respondents indicated that lack of trust was a barrier to GCT in all patients, 58.1% felt that this was a greater barrier for African American women ( P < .0001). Only 13.9% believed that noncompliance with GCT is a barrier for all patients, whereas 30.6% believed that African American women are more likely than White women to be noncompliant ( P < .0001). CONCLUSION We demonstrated that racial differences exist in oncology physicians' perceived barriers to GCT for patients with breast cancer. This nationwide survey will serve as a basis for understanding physicians' determinants of GCT for African American women and highlights the necessity of education and interventions to address bias among physicians. Awareness of such physician biases can enable further work to address inequities, ultimately leading to improved GCT equity for African American women with breast cancer.
The Lettered Barriada
Authors: Meléndez-Badillo Jorell A. 
Published: October 2021

In The Lettered Barriada, Jorell A. Meléndez-Badillo tells the story of how a cluster of self-educated workers burst into Puerto Rico's world of letters and navigated the colonial polity that emerged out of the 1898 US occupation. They did so by asserting themselves as citizens, producers of their own historical narratives, and learned minds. Disregarded by most of Puerto Rico's intellectual elite, these workers engaged in dialogue with international peers and imagined themselves as part of a global community. They also entered the world of politics through the creation of the Socialist Party, which became an electoral force in the first half of the twentieth century. Meléndez-Badillo shows how these workers produced, negotiated, and deployed powerful discourses that eventually shaped Puerto Rico's national mythology. By following these ragtag intellectuals as they became politicians and statesmen, Meléndez-Badillo also demonstrates how they engaged in racial and gender silencing, epistemic violence, and historical erasures in the fringes of society. Ultimately, The Lettered Barriada is about the politics of knowledge production and the tensions between working-class intellectuals and the state.
Duke University Press Scholars of Color First Book Award recipient
Few-shot learning for deformable image registration in 4DCT images
Authors: Chi Weicheng , Xiang Zhiming , Guo Fen 
Published: October 2021

Objectives:
To develop a rapid and accurate 4D deformable image registration (DIR) approach for online adaptive radiotherapy.

Methods:
We propose a deep learning (DL)-based few-shot registration network (FR-Net) to generate deformation vector fields from each respiratory phase to an implicit reference image, thereby mitigating the bias introduced by the selection of reference images. The proposed FR-Net is pretrained with limited unlabeled 4D data and further optimized by maximizing the intensity similarity of one specific four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) scan. Because of the learning ability of DL models, the few-shot learning strategy facilitates the generalization of the model to other 4D data sets and the acceleration of the optimization process.

Results:
The proposed FR-Net is evaluated for 4D groupwise and 3D pairwise registration on thoracic 4DCT data sets DIR-Lab and POPI. FR-Net displays an averaged target registration error of 1.48 mm and 1.16 mm between the maximum inhalation and exhalation phases in the 4DCT of DIR-Lab and POPI, respectively, with approximately 2 min required to optimize one 4DCT. Overall, FR-Net outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of registration accuracy and exhibits a low computational time.

Conclusion:
We develop a few-shot groupwise DIR algorithm for 4DCT images. The promising registration performance and computational efficiency demonstrate the prospective applications of this approach in registration tasks for online adaptive radiotherapy.

Advances in knowledge:
This work exploits DL models to solve the optimization problem in registering 4DCT scans while combining groupwise registration and few-shot learning strategy to solve the problem of consuming computational time and inferior registration accuracy.
Collaboration between an NHS University Teaching Hospital and independent hospital to maintain CT colonography service provision during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Holland Paul , De Abreu Deborah , Higashi Yutaro , Clarke Christopher GD 
Published: October 2021

Our trust performed CTCs at 93% of the capacity of the previous year, scanning 1265 patients in 2020, compared with 1348 in 2019. We describe the changes made to our service to achieve this, which included collaboration with the colorectal surgical team to prioritise existing CTC patients according to faecal-immunochemical tests and full blood count results, and the associated challenges which included image transfer delays and patient attendance for scans. Furthermore, the endoscopy and radiology services used the opportunity created by co-location at the same hospital site to provide a same day incomplete colonoscopy and staging service for optically confirmed cancers. Collaboration between the NHS and independent sector allowed us to achieve continuity of service provision during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic without substituting unprepared CT abdomen and pelvis instead of the more sensitive CTC.
Zreformowana Anglia w oczach polskich podróżników
Authors: Nortowska Paulina 
Published: October 2021

Reformed England in the Eyes of Polish Travelers in the Early Modern Period
The aim of this article is to reconstruct and present the image of reformed England and the English people as perceived by the inhabitants of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. The primary source used is travel literature. The author analyses travellers’ impressions with research and educational journeys, “grand tour,” and diplomatic missions related to state or parliamentary activities. Travel literature containing descriptions of England reflect the author’s impressions, feelings, judgments and subjective opinions, as well as convey some knowledge about the world acquired not only during the trip, but also as a result of prior knowledge gained through learning and education. Moreover, the article discusses the emergence of a spectrum of perspectives and prejudices both for and against the English people, as well as the formation of national stereotypes.
The skin: largest organ of the body
Authors: Peate Ian 
Published: October 2021

This article concludes this series in the anatomy and physiology of the body systems. An overview of the skin is provided and the various and functions of this, the largest organ of the body, are described. The three layers of the skin are discussed, along with an overview of skin pigmentation.The skin would be unable to complete most of its functions without the help of its appendages. The subcutaneous glands, hair, nails and nerve endings (the appendages) that allow it to function efficiently are summarised briefly. One other function of the skin—vitamin D synthesis—is described. The article ends with a glossary of terms and a set of questions that are intended to assist with leaning.
BRD4promotes heterotopic ossification through upregulation of LncRNA MANCR
Authors: Liu Lei , Li ZiHao , Chen Siwen , Cui Haowen , Li Xiang , Dai Guo , Zhong Fangling , Hao Wenjun , Zhang Kuibo , Liu Hui 
Published: October 2021

AimsAcquired heterotopic ossification (HO) is a debilitating disease characterized by abnormal extraskeletal bone formation within soft-tissues after injury. The exact pathogenesis of HO remains unknown. It was reported that BRD4 may contribute to osteoblastic differentiation. The current study aims to determine the role of BRD4 in the pathogenesis of HO and whether it could be a potential target for HO therapy.MethodsAchilles tendon puncture (ATP) mouse model was performed on ten-week-old male C57BL/6J mice. One week after ATP procedure, the mice were given different treatments (e.g. JQ1, shMancr). Achilles tendon samples were collected five weeks after treatment for RNA-seq and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis; the legs were removed for micro-CT imaging and subsequent histology. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) were isolated and purified bone marrow collected during surgeries by using density gradient centrifugation. After a series of interventions such as knockdown or overexpressing BRD4, Alizarin red staining, RT-qPCR, and Western Blot (Runx2, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Osx) were performed on hBMSCs.ResultsOverexpression of BRD4 enhanced while inhibition of Brd4 suppressed the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs in vitro. Overexpression of Brd4 increased the expression of mitotically associated long non-coding RNA (Mancr). Downregulation of Mancr suppressed the osteoinductive effect of BRD4. In vivo, inhibition of BRD4 by JQ1 significantly attenuated pathological bone formation in the ATP model (p = 0.001).ConclusionBRD4 was found to be upregulated in HO and Brd4-Mancr-Runx2 signalling was involved in the modulation of new bone formation in HO. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2021;10(10):668–676.
Development and Validation of an Autonomous Radio-Frequency Identification Controlled Soaking System for Dairy Cattle
Authors: Mazon Gustavo , Montgomery Patrick D , Hayes Morgan , Jackson Joshua , Costa Joao H. C. 
Published: October 2021

HighlightsThe high variation on how dairy cows experience heat stress opens the space for individual heat abatement options.We developed an UHF-RFID activated soaking system for dairy cattle and validated it statically and dynamically.Percentage of soaker activations was moderate when validated statically and very high when validated dynamically.Future research should validate the system using dairy cows and evaluate effects on physiology and behavior.Abstract. This study aim was to develop and validate a radio-frequency identification (RFID) controlled cattle soaking system for use in dairy cattle. The autonomous system was composed of a Raspberry Pi microcontroller, an ultra-high frequency (UHF) RFID system, a temperature-humidity sensor, and a water soaker. The system was developed and programmed to identify and tailor heat stress abatement to dairy cattle. The validation of the system was divided into static and dynamic phases. During the static phase, five UHF-RFID tags were statically placed 5 times in 11 points of interest on a ranging from 0 to 150 cm of the antenna. During the dynamic phase, 10 tags were moved 10 times each from 150 cm to the right (closer to the barn) to 150 cm to the left (further from the barn) of the center of the antenna mimicking a cow’s walking speed. During the static validation, the percentage of successful readings was moderate (MEAN±SD; 77.8±30.1%). We found that the distance from the antenna affected the percentage of successful readings (P&lt;0.01), it was 100% up to 60 cm from the antenna and static readings were less successful from 120 cm left up to 90 cm to the right of the center of the antenna. During the dynamic validation, the percentage of successful readings was very high (96.0±7.0%). These results suggest that the autonomous soaker system seems to be able to detect cows in movement underneath the system. Future research should validate the system using live dairy cows. Keywords: Automation, Heat stress, Raspberry Pi, RFID.
Microwave Assisted Convective Air Drying of Sugarloaf Pineapples (Ananas Comosus)
Authors: Abano Ernest Ekow 
Published: October 2021

HighlightsMicrowave pretreatment before drying reduced drying time significantly.Microwave-assisted drying increased the effective moisture diffusivity coefficient.Microwave pretreatment before convective hot-air drying improved quality parameters.The Middili et al. (2002) model best fitted the microwave-assisted drying of sugarloaf pineapples.Abstract. This study’s objective was to provide the optimum drying conditions to produce quality dried sugarloaf pineapples using microwave pretreatments before the conventional hot air drying. For this, the effect of microwave power (385 to 697 W), microwave time (2 to 4 min), and air temperature (50°C to 70°C) on the drying kinetics and quality of sugarloaf pineapple were evaluated using the Box Behnken response surface methodology. To reach a 17.44±0.09% kg/kg dry matter moisture content, we found the optimum drying conditions for sugarloaf pineapples to be 697 W microwave power for 2.26 min before convective hot air drying at a temperature of 64.75°C. The predicted drying time, ascorbic acid content, and browning index were 13.68 h, 20.89 mg/100 g, and 0.099 Abs unit at this optimum condition, respectively. The pineapple slices’ effective moisture removal rate pretreated with microwave before drying was higher than the control and was between 6.42 × 10-10 m2/s and 11.82 × 10-10 m2/s while ones without a microwave were between 3.54 × 10-10 m2/s and 8.78 × 10-10 m2/s for drying at air temperature between 50°C and 70°C. It was discovered that the Midilli et al. (2002) model was the most appropriate thin layer model for microwave-assisted drying of sugarloaf pineapples. The pineapple slices’ drying rate potential generally increased with microwave power and pretreatments time but not the corresponding increase in the air temperature. Drying time for microwave-assisted drying was in the range of 11 to 20 h, while the ones without microwaves were between 18 and 24 h. Therefore, microwaves should be considered a pretreatment step to the industrial production of sugarloaf pineapple to reduce drying time and produce better quality products. Keywords: Drying, Hot air, Microwave, Moisture diffusivity, Sugarloaf pineapple.
Analysis of Influencing Factors on Winter Wheat Yield Estimations Based on a Multisource Remote Sensing Data Fusion
Authors: Li Yan , Ren Yan Zhao , Gao Wan Lin , Tao Sha , Jia Jing Dun , Liu Xin Liang 
Published: October 2021

HighlightsThe potential of fusing GF-1 WFV and MODIS data by the ESTARFM algorithm was demonstrated.A better time window selection method for estimating yields was provided.A better vegetation index suitable for yield estimation based on spatiotemporally fused data was identified.The effect of the spatial resolution of remote sensing data on yield estimations was visualized.Abstract. The accurate estimation of crop yields is very important for crop management and food security. Although many methods have been developed based on single remote sensing data sources, advances are still needed to exploit multisource remote sensing data with higher spatial and temporal resolution. More suitable time window selection methods and vegetation indexes, both of which are critical for yield estimations, have not been fully considered. In this article, the Chinese GaoFen-1 Wide Field View (GF-1 WFV) and Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data were fused by the Enhanced Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model (ESTARFM) to generate time-series data with a high spatial resolution. Then, two time window selection methods involving distinguishing or not distinguishing the growth stages during the monitoring period, and three vegetation indexes, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), two-band enhanced vegetation index (EVI2) and wide dynamic range vegetation index (WDRVI), were intercompared. Furthermore, the yield estimations obtained from two different spatial resolutions of fused data and MODIS data were analyzed. The results indicate that taking the growth stage as the time window unit division basis can allow a better estimation of winter wheat yield; and that WDRVI is more suitable for yield estimations than NDVI or EVI2. This study demonstrates that the spatial resolution has a great influence on yield estimations; further, this study identifies a better time window selection method and vegetation index for improving the accuracy of yield estimations based on a multisource remote sensing data fusion. Keywords: Remote sensing, Spatiotemporal data fusion, Winter wheat, Yield estimation.
A General Purpose Laboratory for Small-Scale In-Barn Swine Discoveries
Authors: Weyer Sara E. , Smith Benjamin C. , Ramirez Brett C. , Harmon Jay D. , Anderson Daniel S. 
Published: October 2021

HighlightsDesign and construction of mobile swine facility on a flat decked trailer for experimentation.Air infiltration evaluation for an experimental building.Theoretical building shell thermal analysis and heat transfer determination.Abstract. Specialized animal environment experiments needing swine facilities calls for novel technology creation to enable unique experimentation without the drawbacks of traditional swine facilities. In a full-scale swine facility, there are challenges with cost, increased travel time to sites, additional labor is required, the facility cannot be fully controlled, and biosecurity becomes a risk. A small-scale, mobile swine confinement laboratory was designed and built to mitigate the challenges faced in a full-scale barn. The mobility of the laboratory enables it to travel to swine farms to obtain fresh animal specimens, which allows the experiments and data collected to be more representative of an in-barn application. The model facility, built on a flat-bed trailer, has two identical, fully instrumented rooms (L × W × H) of 2.24 × 2.29 × 2.05 m (88.0 × 90.0 × 80.5 in.) with a 0.46 m (18 in.) shallow pit, replicating typical swine finishing rooms. Walls were composed of typical wood-frame construction with interior paneling and metal clad on the exterior. Instrumentation allows the environment and air quality of the rooms, along with other parameters, to be controlled and monitored. The rear portion of the trailer includes an instrumentation room to house necessary computers, controllers, and associated equipment. Commissioning of components and verifying function of equipment were performed, which included quantifying infiltration and performing a thermal analysis for each room. Analysis showed that the infiltration equation was distinct for each room. The use of this laboratory for qualitative and quantitative evaluation of in-barn experimentation on a controlled, small-scale will mitigate the challenges presented in a typical barn. Keywords: Building, Commissioning, Facility, Heat transfer, Mobile, Pig.
Pig Face Recognition Model Based on a Cascaded Network
Authors: Wang Rong , Shi ZaiFeng , Li Qifeng , Gao Ronghua , Zhao Chunjiang , Feng Lu 
Published: October 2021

HighlightsA pig face recognition model that cascades the pig face detection network and pig face recognition network is proposed.The pig face detection network can automatically extract pig face images to reduce the influence of the background.The proposed cascaded model reaches accuracies of 99.38%, 98.96% and 97.66% on the three datasets.An application is developed to automatically recognize individual pigs.Abstract. The identification and tracking of livestock using artificial intelligence technology have been a research hotspot in recent years. Automatic individual recognition is the key to realizing intelligent feeding. Although RFID can achieve identification tasks, it is expensive and easily fails. In this article, a pig face recognition model that cascades a pig face detection network and a pig face recognition network is proposed. First, the pig face detection network is utilized to crop the pig face images from videos and eliminate the complex background of the pig shed. Second, batch normalization, dropout, skip connection, and residual modules are exploited to design a pig face recognition network for individual identification. Finally, the cascaded network model based on the pig face detection and recognition network is deployed on a GPU server, and an application is developed to automatically recognize individual pigs. Additionally, class activation maps generated by grad-CAM are used to analyze the performance of features of pig faces learned by the model. Under free and unconstrained conditions, 46 pigs are selected to make a positive pig face dataset, original multiangle pig face dataset and enhanced multiangle pig face dataset to verify the pig face recognition cascaded model. The proposed cascaded model reaches accuracies of 99.38%, 98.96%, and 97.66% on the three datasets, which are higher than those of other pig face recognition models. The results of this study improved the recognition performance of pig faces under multiangle and multi-environment conditions. Keywords: CNN, Deep learning, Pig face detection, Pig face recognition.