bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In sickness and in health—A scoping review on social virtual reality clinical applications
Authors: Belina Stephanie P , J Czaja Sara , Difede JoAnn , Pain Kevin J , Reid Carrington M , Won Andrea Stevenson 
Published: December 2024

Objective Evidence of virtual reality's (VR) efficacy in hospital settings coupled with the rise of inexpensive consumer devices have led to the development of social virtual reality (SVR) applications being incorporated in hospital settings. SVR provides opportunities for social interactions in virtual environments, allowing individuals to virtually socialize, regardless of geographic or mobility constraints. However, the full range of potential applications and the challenges of deploying SVR in hospital settings remain unexplored. We conducted a scoping review to characterize SVR applications studied in hospital settings to better understand SVR use for inpatient populations overall and in preparation for a National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded project investigating SVR use with a specific clinical population. Methods In this scoping review, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, APA PsycInfo, CINAHL, IEEE, and ACM Digital Library. After screening 2334 studies and reviewing 146 full texts, we identified 12 studies as eligible for analysis. Eleven of the 12 were published in the past 7 years, with none older than 12 years. Results As this is an emerging field, many publications were case or pilot studies, with small sample sizes ranging from 3 to 200 participants, and with mean participant ages that ranged from 9 to 75 years. Patient populations included those with stroke, cancer, COVID, as well as other health conditions. Conclusion Discussion of privacy and accessibility concerns was limited, as was the reported influence of SVR on measures associated with inpatient medical treatment (such as, adherence to clinical treatment while in the hospital while in a SVR intervention), which we highlight as critical issues for SVR's clinical use. We discuss our findings in the context of potential future directions for research in this area.
Peroneal Tendon Dislocation after Talus Fracture
Authors: Cho Elizabeth , Perez Aidimer , Akwuole Frances , Pinzur Michael S. , Schiff Adam , Hamid Kamran 
Published: December 2024

Category: Trauma; Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Traumatic peroneal tendon dislocation (PTD) have been described in association with fractures of the pilon and calcaneus, however, the incidence of PTD after fractures of the talus has not been previously reported in the U.S. Methods: This was a retrospective review of adult patients with operatively treated fractures of the talus treated at a level I academic trauma center between 2007 and 2021. Charts, radiographs, and advanced imaging, when available, were reviewed for patient demographics, injury characteristics, and complications including diagnosis of peroneal tendon dislocation. Results: 126 patients with 128 talus fractures were included. Incidence of peroneal tendon dislocation was 21.1% (n=27). Peroneal rupture was found separately in 3 instances (2.3%). Among 27 cases of PTD, 14 (51.9%) were diagnosed based on advanced imaging, 7 (25.9%) by review of the operative report, and 6 (22.2%) based on both. 89.3% (n=25) of PTDs were diagnosed at time of injury, whereas 7.4% (n=2) were diagnosed several months after. Three PTDs underwent delayed surgical intervention due to delayed diagnosis (n=1), or missed dislocation by the surgeon, although evident on injury scans (n=2). Lateral process fractures had increased odds of PTD (OR 3.4, 95% CI: 1.3-8.9, p=0.012), as well as fractures with a positive fleck sign on radiographs (OR 14.3, 95% CI: 4.0-50.7, p=0.0001). Conclusion: Peroneal tendon dislocation with fracture of the talus is relatively common and was identified in one out of five fractures within the studied cohort. Surgeons and radiologists should be cognizant of this injury, especially in the setting of a lateral process fracture and a positive fleck sign.
Peroneal Tendon Repair with Retrofibular Groove Deepening Is Associated with Decreased Rates of Revision Peroneal Tendon Repair Procedures Compared to Repair without Groove Deepening
Authors: Sequeira Sean , Gould Heath P. , Hembree Walter C. 
Published: December 2024

Category: Ankle; Sports Introduction/Purpose: Peroneal tendon injury is a common sequela of recurrent lateral ankle instability. Surgical repair of the peroneal tendons can be performed in isolation or concomitantly with a retrofibular groove deepening procedure. Although some prior studies with limited follow-up have suggested a potential return-to-sport benefit associated with groove deepening, no previous study has evaluated the impact of retrofibular groove deepening on long-term reoperation rates. The purpose of this investigation was to compare reoperation rates among patients who underwent peroneal tendon repair with groove deepening versus without groove deepening. Methods: A large, nationwide insurance database was retrospectively reviewed to identify all patients who underwent peroneal tendon repair with and without retrofibular groove deepening and from 2010 and 2019. Patients who underwent peroneal tendon repair without groove deepening were matched to patients who underwent repair with groove deepening using a propensity scoring algorithm. The rates of reoperation including revision peroneal tendon repair as well as progression to ankle arthrodesis and total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) were compared between groups. Results: Patients who underwent peroneal tendon repair without groove deepening had a significantly higher risk (OR: 16.20; p < 0.001) of requiring a revision peroneal tendon procedure within two years postoperatively. However, there was no difference between groups with regard to the comparative risk of subsequent TAA and ankle arthrodesis within ten years (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Patients who underwent peroneal tendon repair without retrofibular groove deepening were over 15 times more likely to require revision peroneal tendon surgery compared to their propensity-matched counterparts who underwent groove deepening at the time of the index peroneal tendon repair. Whereas surgeons commonly reserve the groove deepening procedure for patients with a convex retrofibular morphology, the results of this study suggest that the indications for groove deepening may be expanded to reduce the risk of reoperation following peroneal tendon repair.
Primary Lateral Ankle Ligament Repair is Associated with Increased Reoperation Rates Compared to Secondary Lateral Ankle Ligament Reconstruction: A Propensity-Matched Analysis
Authors: Sequeira Sean , Gould Heath P. , Hembree Walter C. 
Published: December 2024

Category: Ankle; Sports Introduction/Purpose: Lateral ankle ligament stabilization is indicated for patients with chronic ankle instability that persists despite nonoperative management. The purpose of this investigation was to compare reoperation rates in patients who underwent a primary repair versus those who underwent a secondary reconstruction of the lateral ankle ligaments. Methods: A large, nationwide insurance database was retrospectively reviewed to identify all patients who underwent isolated primary repair and/or secondary reconstruction of the lateral ankle ligamentous complex from 2010 and 2019. Patients who underwent primary repair were matched using a propensity-scoring algorithm to patients who underwent secondary lateral ankle reconstruction. Reoperation rates including ankle arthroscopy and revision lateral ankle ligament repair/reconstruction were compared between groups at two years postoperatively. Complication rates within 90 days postoperatively were also evaluated and compared between groups. Results: 41,452 patients who underwent primary lateral ankle ligament repair were matched to 41,452 patients who underwent secondary reconstruction. Patients who underwent primary repair had an increased risk of undergoing a subsequent ankle arthroscopy (OR: 1.15; p < 0.001) or revision stabilization procedure (OR: 1.30; p < 0.001) within two years postoperatively. Moreover, the risks of sustaining complications such as wound dehiscence (OR 1.34; p < 0.001) or surgical site infection (OR 1.43; p = 0.008) within 90 days were higher for the primary ligament repair group compared to the secondary reconstruction group. Conclusion: Patients who underwent primary lateral ankle ligament repair were more likely to require subsequent ankle arthroscopy or revision ankle stabilization within two years postoperatively, compared to those who underwent secondary reconstruction of the lateral ankle ligament complex. Although secondary reconstruction procedures (e.g. Watson-Jones, Colville) are conventionally utilized in the revision setting, surgeons may consider expanding the indications for reconstruction to the primary setting, particularly in surgical candidates who are identified preoperatively as high-risk for recurrent instability.
Rate of Infection and Causative Organisms in a Lateral Approach Total Ankle Replacement
Authors: Wines Andrew , Alhaddab Yasser Ahmed A , Symes Michael , Mittal Rajat 
Published: December 2024

Category: Ankle Arthritis; Other Introduction/Purpose: Although the rate of both superficial and deep infection in total ankle replacement (TAR) can reach up to 13% as reported in the literature, there is little information on the causative organisms, especially in laterally implanted prosthesis. This study aims to identify organisms causing infections to ultimately guide to better antibiotic prophylaxis. Methods: Between September 2016 and April 2021, we retrospectively reviewed patients who had an infection after a lateral TAR. Cause of the infection, causative organisms, and implant survival were recorded. Results: 10 of 130 patients (7.6%) had a superficial infection whereas 3 of 130 patients (2.3%) had a deep infection. Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas species were found to be the most common. No significant difference was found between the type of plate used for fibula fixation regarding wound dehiscence. Conclusion: Infection after lateral TAR is generally polymicrobial in nature with Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas species being the most common.
Recent Trends in Utilization and Medicare Physician Reimbursement for Total Ankle Replacement (TAR) and Ankle Arthrodesis (AA) from 2010-2021
Authors: Shelby Tara , Grisdela Phillip , Bernstein David N. , Bejarano-Pineda Lorena , Waryasz Gregory R. , Kwon John Y. , DiGiovanni Christopher W. , Ashkani-Esfahani Soheil , Guss Daniel 
Published: December 2024

Category: Ankle; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: There has been limited investigation into physician reimbursement trends in foot and ankle procedures. The objective of the present study is to query a large, national insurance claims database to assess how utilization and reimbursement has evolved for ankle arthrodesis (AA) and total ankle arthroplasty (TAR) procedures from 2010 to 2021. Methods: A large national insurance claims database was queried for ankle arthrodesis and total ankle arthroplasty from 2010 to 2021 using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes. Utilization rates, hospital reimbursement rates by payor (commercial, Medicare, Medicaid, Government, cash, other) and demographic data including gender, age, region, payor type, and service location were extracted. Subsequently, physician Medicare reimbursement rates were obtained from 2010 to 2021 using the Physician Fee Look-up Tool from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Dollar values were then adjusted using the Consumer Price Index and are reported in 2023 US dollars. Trend analysis of utilization and reimbursement rates was then performed, with a p value of < 0.05 as significant. Results: A total of 16833 TAR patients and 33109 AA patients were identified by the query. Both procedures demonstrated a significantly positive linear trend in volume over the included time period, with increase from 2010 to 2021 of 30.28% (2453 to 3196 patients; p< 0.001) for AA cases and 140.64% for TAR (994 to 2392 patients; p< 0.001). Without consideration of inflation, Medicare physician reimbursement values were stable, demonstrating a non-significant increase for both AA (+2.67%) and TAR (+3.40%) over the included time period. On the other hand, after accounting for inflation, values declined across both AA and TA, with decrease from 2010 to 2021 of 16.78% ($1194.24 to $993.81; p< 0.001) for TAR procedures and 17.37% ($1368.26 to $1130.62) for AA procedures (Figure 1). Conclusion: Despite the growing number of Medicare beneficiaries and utilization of TAR and AA, the present data has demonstrated a decrease in Medicare reimbursement. Knowledge of such trends is important for the orthopedic field in order to advocate for sustainable reimbursement that supports the consistent delivery of high-quality patient care.
Return to Play and Functional Outcomes Following Treatment of Acute Achilles Tendon Ruptures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Seow Dexter , Bak Braydon , Teo Yu Ze Evan , Hasan Muhammed Yaser , Pearce Christopher J. 
Published: December 2024

Category: Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Acute Achilles tendon rupture (AATR) is a common injury. Return to play (RTP) and functional outcomes are critical to treatment success for acute Achilles tendon rupture (AATR). This systematic review and meta-analysis explored treatment superiority essential in optimal treatment selection concerning individual patients and their expectations regarding RTP and functional outcomes. Methods: A systematic review was conducted with specific search terms. Potentially relevant studies were identified via a search of the PubMed® and Embase databases by two authors. This study was in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The inclusion criteria were: randomized controlled trials that reported RTP rates and/or continuous functional outcome scores following the treatment of AATR, full-text studies published in a peer-review journal, published year ≥ 1990, and written in English. The exclusion criteria were: animal studies, in vitro studies, non-randomized clinical studies, and reviews. The included studies were assessed regarding the level and quality of evidence. Fixed-effects models were employed for I2 < 25% and random-effects models for I2 ≥ 25%. Results: The literature search included 46 studies. The LoE of all studies was per eligibility criteria. The mean QoE (modified Jadad Scale) was 5.7. The RTP rate meta-analysis of surgical versus conservative treatment revealed no significant difference. This was similar to the subgroup analysis of open repair and conservative treatment. The RTP rate and Achilles Tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) meta-analysis of open repair + earlier rehabilitation (ER) versus + later rehabilitation (LR) also revealed no significant differences. The mean time to RTP meta-analysis of open repair + ER versus + LR showed that open repair + ER was significantly favored (-4.19 weeks; P = 0.002). The ATRS meta-analysis of conservative treatment with ER versus with LR revealed no significant difference. Conclusion: This meta-analysis has revealed that the RTP rates following treatment of AATR are high. The decision for surgical versus conservative treatment or open repair + ER versus + LR for AATR should not be selected based on the expectation of RTP. However, open repair + ER can be advocated over + LR for reduced mean time to RTP.
Novel treatment strategies for chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Cruz-Rodriguez Nataly , Deininger Michael W. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Starting with imatinib, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have turned chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) from a lethal blood cancer into a chronic condition. As patients with access to advanced CML care have an almost normal life expectancy, there is a perception that CML is a problem of the past, and one should direct research resources elsewhere. However, a closer look at the current CML landscape reveals a more nuanced picture. Most patients still require life-long TKI therapy to avoid recurrence of active CML. Chronic TKI toxicity and the high costs of the well-tolerated agents remain challenging. Progression to blast phase still occurs, particularly in socioeconomically disadvantaged parts of the world, where high-risk CML at diagnosis is common. Here, we review the prospects of further improving TKIs to achieve optimal suppression of BCR::ABL1 kinase activity, the potential of combining different classes of TKIs, and the current state of BCR::ABL1 degraders. We cover combination therapy approaches to address TKI resistance in the setting of residual leukemia and in advanced CML. Despite the unprecedented success of TKIs in CML, more work is needed to truly finish the job, and we hope to stimulate innovative research aiming to achieve this goal.
Stress Corrosion Behavior of MIG Welded Joints of 6082-T6 Aluminum Alloy at Different Temperatures
Authors: Qu Guanda , Guo Wei , Zhang Hongqiang , Shen Zhikang , Zhang Lijiao , Dai Wei , Xiao Jun , Xue Junliang , Zhu Hongbin , Li Minggao , Ren Xin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract6082-T6 aluminum alloy is a commonly used aluminum alloy material in the field of rail transit because of its good molding properties, high mechanical properties, excellent corrosion resistance and weldability. In the high temperature and humid environment, the temperature change is bound to affect the stress corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy and their welded joint. However, the influence mechanism of temperature on its stress corrosion resistance has not been explained in the existing research. In this paper, the mechanical properties and stress corrosion behaviors of melt-inert gas welded (MIG) 6082-T6 aluminum alloy welded joints were systematically studied under various temperatures condition. Results indicated the temperature scarcely affected stress corrosion cracking susceptibility index (PSCC) of base metal, while significantly affected the welded joint and higher temperature caused lower PSCC. After slow strain rate tensile test, a corrosion layer was formed, which was a typical brittle-toughness mixed failure, and the degree of brittleness increased with the increasing of temperature. Electrochemical analysis showed that corrosion resistance of the joint slightly decreased due to aluminum alloy accelerated dissolution caused by increasing of temperature. The proposed research will provide a theoretical basis for solving aluminum alloys used in rail transit, ship accessories and other industrial fields.
Network effects in C-ITS – an analysis approach based on conditional probability and system characteristics
Authors: Öörni Risto 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe paper presents an approach for analysing network effects in cooperative intelligent transport systems (C-ITS). The approach is based on the conditional probability of an already-equipped user receiving a warning or other required information, and a framework is provided for analysing the conditional probability of a successful exchange of information. The approach and the framework are validated by applying them to the road hazard warning use case of C-ITS implemented with vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. The results suggest that even relatively low fleet penetrations may allow communicating a road hazard warning as a decentralized environmental notification message (DENM), with a high probability of success, when the hazard is detected and the related DENM transmitted by an oncoming vehicle travelling in the opposite direction to the user’s vehicle on a single-carriageway interurban road. The approach used in the paper and the analysis results for the road hazard warning contribute to the understanding of network effects in C-ITS use cases and their relationship to the operational context of C-ITS systems, such as parameters related to traffic flow.
Implementing HIV teams to improve HIV indicator condition-guided testing in general practitioner centers in the Netherlands
Authors: Jordans Carlijn C. E. , Niemantsverdriet – Rokx Lotte , Struik Jan L. , van der Waal Eva C. , van der Voorn Paul V. J. M. , Bakker Nienke , Verbon Annelies , Bindels Patrick J. E. , Rokx Casper 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
HIV indicator condition-guided testing is recommended by guidelines to identify undiagnosed HIV infections. However, general practitioners (GPs) frequently see patients for indicator conditions without testing them for HIV. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether implementing HIV teams, using trained GP ambassadors, promoted local HIV indicator condition-guided testing practices in urban GP centers in the Netherlands.

Methods
We conducted a prospective implementation study between May 2021 and March 2023. Patients ≥ 18 years newly diagnosed with HIV indicator conditions in three GP centers were included. The intervention consisted of HIV expert led education for GPs with a stepwise implementation of point-of-care testing (phase 1), followed by adding peer-to-peer case feedback by trained GP ambassadors (phase 2). Questionnaires were used to assess the experiences and beliefs of HIV indicator condition-driven testing in patients and GPs. The primary outcome was the overall HIV testing rate in patients diagnosed with indicator conditions compared to pre-implementation. Secondary outcomes were HIV testing rate per phase and per indicator condition, HIV positivity rate, and patients’ and GPs’ experiences with this testing strategy.

Results
In 132,338 patient visits, 846 (0.6%, 95%CI 0.6–0.7%) HIV indicator conditions were diagnosed, including 485 sexually transmitted infections (57.3%). Overall, 215 (25.4%) indicator conditions were tested for HIV after the implementation of HIV teams. The testing rate was comparable between the two phases (25.2% versus 25.9%, p = 0.83). The testing rates pre- and post-implementation were comparable (21.3% versus 25.4%, p = 0.33). The most frequently tested HIV indicator conditions were unexplained weight loss (n = 13, 41.9%), unexplained lymphadenopathy (n = 8, 38.1%), and sexually transmitted infections (n = 161, 33.2%). Three patients (1.4%, 95%CI 0.3–4.0%) tested positive for HIV. Test acceptance in patients was high as was the self-perceived knowledge of GPs on HIV indicator conditions.

Conclusions
Implementing HIV teams did not enhance HIV indicator condition-guided testing in urban GP centers from a low HIV prevalence setting. The high patients acceptance rate and self-perceived knowledge among GPs regarding HIV indicator conditions did not manifest in high HIV testing rates. Patients accepted testing, but a gap was found between the self-perceived knowledge of GPs regarding HIV indicator conditions and testing, and the actual HIV testing rate.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05225493 (registration date: 17-01-2022).