bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling glacial and fluvial landform evolution at large scales using a stream-power approach
Authors: Hergarten Stefan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Modeling glacial landform evolution is more challenging than modeling
fluvial landform evolution. While several numerical models of large-scale
fluvial erosion are available, there are only a few models of glacial
erosion, and their application over long time spans requires a high numerical effort. In this paper, a simple formulation of glacial erosion which is similar to the fluvial stream-power model is presented. The model reproduces the occurrence of overdeepenings, hanging valleys, and
steps at confluences at least qualitatively. Beyond this, it allows for a seamless coupling to fluvial erosion and sediment transport. The recently published direct numerical scheme for fluvial erosion and sediment transport can be applied to the entire domain, where the numerical effort is only moderately higher than for a purely fluvial system. Simulations over several million years on lattices of several million nodes can be performed on standard PCs. An open-source implementation is freely available as a part of the landform evolution model OpenLEM.
Vulnerability and site effects in earthquake disasters in Armenia (Colombia) – Part 2 : Observed damage and vulnerability
Authors: Chávez-García Francisco J. , Monsalve-Jaramillo Hugo , Vila-Ortega Joaquín 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Damage in Armenia, Colombia, for the 25 January 1999 (Mw=6.2, peak ground acceleration (PGA) 580 Gal) event was disproportionate. We analyze the damage report as a function of number of stories and construction age of buildings. We recovered two vulnerability evaluations made in Armenia in 1993 and in 2004. We compare the results of the 1993 evaluation with damage observed in 1999 and show that the vulnerability evaluation made in 1993 could have predicted the relative frequency of damage observed in 1999. Our results show that vulnerability of the building stock was the major factor behind damage observed in 1999. Moreover, it showed no significant reduction between 1999 and 2004.
The 21st-century fate of the Mocho-Choshuenco ice cap in southern Chile
Authors: Scheiter Matthias , Schaefer Marius , Flández Eduardo , Bozkurt Deniz , Greve Ralf 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Glaciers and ice caps are thinning and retreating along the entire Andes ridge, and drivers of this mass loss vary between the different climate zones. The southern part of the Andes (Wet Andes) has the highest abundance of glaciers in number and size, and a proper understanding of ice dynamics is important to assess their evolution. In this contribution, we apply the ice-sheet model SICOPOLIS (SImulation COde for POLythermal Ice Sheets) to the Mocho-Choshuenco ice cap in the Chilean Lake District (40∘ S, 72∘ W; Wet Andes) to reproduce its current state and to project its evolution until the end of the 21st century under different global warming scenarios. First, we create a model spin-up using observed surface mass balance data on the south-eastern catchment, extrapolating them to the whole ice cap using an aspect-dependent parameterization. This spin-up is able to reproduce the most important present-day glacier features. Based on the spin-up, we then run the model 80 years into the future, forced by projected surface temperature anomalies from different global climate models under different radiative pathway scenarios to obtain estimates of the ice cap's state by the end of the 21st century. The mean projected ice volume losses are 56±16 % (RCP2.6), 81±6 % (RCP4.5), and 97±2 % (RCP8.5) with respect to the ice volume estimated by radio-echo sounding data from 2013. We estimate the uncertainty of our projections based on the spread of the results when forcing with different global climate models and on the uncertainty associated with the variation of the equilibrium line altitude with temperature change. Considering our results, we project a considerable deglaciation of the Chilean Lake District by the end of the 21st century.
Archival poetics: Writing history from the fragments
Authors: Nelson Camilla 
Published: August 2021

This paper examines ‘archival poetics’ in contemporary history and fiction writing, with a focus on Mark McKenna’s An eye for eternity: The life of Manning Clark, Megan Marshall’s Margaret Fuller: A new American life and Kim Scott’s _Benang, from the heart_. It investigates the ways in which the authors of these works move away from the forensic imaginary embodied in a certain kind of historiography’s approach to the archive, to create a more personal, powerful and situated kind of history writing. It argues that these works suggest that history is less about the sublime chaos of the past – which cannot be narrated without duplicity, damage or violence – than how we engage the past, which is, on reflection, an entirely different thing.
Writing Worthless men: History and the literary
Authors: Cowan Andrew 
Published: August 2021

My fifth novel Worthless men is based on numerous oral history recordings that I made in my mid-twenties, and is set on the home front during World War One. Nevertheless, if I had any ambitions in relation to history while writing the novel, these were only intermittently present to me, and if I was contributing to the historical turn in contemporary literature I was doing so more or less unknowingly. I might even have denied I was writing a historical novel. This essay represents a belated attempt to engage with a discourse of which I was largely unconscious at the time of writing the novel, and considers in particular the hazy issue of novelistic intention, the compositional challenges of incorporating research material into a fiction, the ethical question of the appropriation of traumatic experience, the difficulties in distinguishing fictional from historical discourse, the greater difficulty in distinguishing ’historical fiction’ from other types of fiction, and concludes with a reconsideration of whether I have in fact written a historical novel.
History as a form of literature: EP Thompson’s The making of the English working class
Authors: Curthoys Ann 
Published: August 2021

Of the vast number of historical texts available to us, only a few acquire a reputation as being particularly well written, as being in themselves a form of literature. Older examples include Edward Gibbon’s _The history of the decline and fall of the Roman Empire_ and Thomas Macaulay’s The history of England. A more recent example is EP Thompson’s The making of the English working class, first published in 1963. In this essay, I explore the literary nature of this text in some detail, considering issues such as narrative voice, the relationship between narrative and analysis, the creation of character, writing style, and sense of audience. Very often writers and historians find the rules and protocols governing history-writing – such as detailed citation, careful acknowledgement of relevant work by others, limited use of speculation to ’fill in the blanks’ in the record – to be limiting, leading some to prefer historical novels or perhaps memoirs where such constraints do not apply. Yet _The making of the English working class_ seems to manage to obey the rules and yet come up with engrossing and moving writing. How, I ask, and to what extent, does it manage to do so?
Somewhere between fiction and non-fiction: New approaches to writing crime histories
Authors: Haebich Anna 
Published: August 2021

This paper explores innovative ways of writing across the borders between fiction and non-fiction in crime histories and examines how crime sources can actively encourage writing that is imaginative, subjective and ambiguous. Drawing on recent historiographic critiques of the archive, the paper argues that the constructedness of archival crime sources and close responsive reading and interpretation of these sources can validate, even demand, of historians the use of nuanced fictive writing practices that eloquently express the complexity of the crimes, the killers, the victims, the societies that created them and the intricacies and truths of the sources that contained them. As well as iconic examples from the literature, the paper examines my own research and writing about two very different murder trials from Perth, Western Australia, one already published, the other a work in progress. The trials of Martha Rendell and Audrey Jacob bookend sixteen years of Perth history from 1909 to 1925 when expectations and representations of women’s gender roles in Perth changed dramatically, producing very different outcomes for the women. The archival sources for each case determine the contrastive structures and styles for developing the resulting works of scholarly crime prose fiction.
SISTEM INFORMASI ADMINISTRASI PERSURATAN BERBASIS WEB PADA BIRO KEPEGAWAIAN DAN ORGANISASI BADAN NARKOTIKA NASIONAL
Authors: Widyawati Widyawati , Sulistyanto Agus , Sianipar Anton Zulkarnain 
Published: August 2021

Pengelolaan persuratan merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam sebuah organisasi. Sistem pengelolaan persuratan yang saat ini berjalan di Biro Kepegawaian dan Organisasi Sekretariat Utama Badan Narkotika Nasional dirasakan masih mempunyai berbagai kekurangan diantaranya adalah aplikasi persuratan hanya bisa dijalankan oleh administrator. Sementara, pegawai lain yang berkepentingan terhadap surat tersebut tidak bisa mengaksesnya. Penyampaian disposisi surat masih dilakukan secara fisik dan menjadi penghalang apabila penerima surat tidak berada di tempat. Hal ini menyebabkan pemborosan waktu dan media. Peneliti tertarik untuk membuat sebuah sistem pengeloaan persuratan yang mampu menyelesaikan permasalahan menggunakan metode UML (Unified Modelling Language) dan pendekatan pengembangan perangkat lunak menggunakan metode RAD (Rapid Application Development) sehingga diperoleh sebuah aplikasi yang diharapkan mampu meringkas berbagai proses administrasi persuratan yang sebelumnya kurang efektif menjadi sebuah sistem yang bisa mempercepat proses distribusi surat secara berjenjang hingga pembuatan laporan secara real time.
KLASIFIKASI TINGKAT KEPARAHAN SERANGAN JARINGAN KOMPUTER DENGAN METODE MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Setyawan Okki , Firizkiansah Angge , Nuryanto Ahmad 
Published: August 2021

Computer networks are currently developing very rapidly, so that many electronic devices are connected to the internet, but the security system adopted by these devices must be qualified so they are not vulnerable to threats and dangers. Researchers want to find out how severe the threat of an attack is detected by a firewall using data records from a company, using machine learning, namely K-Nearest Neighbors, Decission Tree. Classification of the severity of a computer network security system is usually called the severity level. In this study, the limitation of the seriousness level of the attack was divided into 3 parts from the highest level, namely critical, high and medium. The processed dataset is logging into the firewall as many as 5999 with 23 columns or features. The best of the three methods are K-Nearest Neighbors getting 100% accuracy and Decission Tree getting 100% accuracy . With the results of this data processing, the machine learning method is very suitable to be used to classify the severity of computer network attacks
Caracterización de las empresas comercializadoras de insumos para tatuajes en la ciudad de Bogotá, localidad de San Cristóbal del barrio 20 de Julio
Authors: Naranjo Parra Martha , Villamor Cárdenas Laura 
Published: August 2021

En el presente proyecto se realizará una caracterización de las empresas comercializadoras de insumos para tatuajes en la ciudad de Bogotá, específicamente, en la localidad de San Cristóbal del barrio 20 de julio. Teniendo en cuenta la oferta y la demanda en los
últimos cinco años se espera identificar la calidad de los productos nacionales e internacionales, precios de las tiendas online y precios de las tiendas físicas y la variabilidad del mercado.
Teniendo en cuenta la necesidad del cliente, se realizará una muestra donde se obtengan resultados. De los estudios de tatuajes del barrio 20 de julio, los cuales son 15 estudios de tatuajes.
THE BIOLOGICAL ROLE OF VITAMIN D
Authors: Джатдоева Д.Т. , Гочияев А.А. , Семенов М.Б. , Каппушева З.М. 
Published: August 2021

В статье рассматриваются заболевания, зависящие от уровня витамина D в организме, возможные методы коррекции его уровня и их последствия. Рассматривается зависимость организма -как единого целого от уровня данного витамина в крови. На данный момент во всем мире наблюдается глобальный дефицит витамина D, у всех пациентов, которые сдают данный анализ, которое так же было выявлено на фоне глобальной пандемии “COVID-19”. Влияние витамина D на иммунитет абсолютно точно доказано, и поэтому его дефицитное состояние может ухудшать течение различных заболеваний. Также витамин D выступает в качестве гормона, недостаток которого приводит к патологиям сердечно-сосудистой системы, рахиту, остеопорозу, сахарному диабету, ожирению и другим серьезным заболеваниям. Неоднократно рассматривалось влияние его уровня на постоперационное восстановление. В статье так же приводятся методы коррекции посредством UV в зимнее время, которое как показали данные является опасной. В статье описываются нейродегенеративные расстройства, на которых оказывает огромное влияние уровень данного витамина и его профилактика. Проанализировано влияние его уровня на здоровье пациенток в постменопаузе, приводящее к нежелательным последствиям в том числе и остеопорозу. Приведены примеры влияния на защитные свойства ротовой полости при пародонте и кариесе. Описывается влияние на процесс течения острых респираторных заболеваний у детей, а также влияние на течение болезни при сахарном диабете.
The article discusses diseases that depend on the level of vitamin D in the body, possible methods of correcting its level and their consequences. The dependence of the body on the level of this vitamin in the blood is considered. At the moment, there is a global vitamin D deficiency worldwide, which was revealed during the global COVID-19 pandemic. The positive effect of vitamin D on the immune system has been proven, and therefore its deficiency can worsen the course of various diseases. Vitamin D also acts as a hormone, the lack of which leads to pathologies of the cardiovascular system, rickets, osteoporosis, diabetes, obesity, and other serious diseases. The influence of its level on postoperative recovery is also considered. In addition, the article provides methods of correction by means of UV treatment in winter, which, as the data has shown, is dangerous. The article describes neurodegenerative disorders, which are greatly influenced by the level of this vitamin and its prevention. The influence of its level on the health of postmenopausal patients, leading to undesirable consequences, including osteoporosis, is analyzed. Examples of the effect on the protective properties of the oral cavity in periodontal disease and caries are given. The article describes the effect on the course of acute respiratory diseases in children, as well as the effect on the course of the disease in diabetes mellitus.
Reasons for the prevalence of acute pancreatitis in medical students
Authors: Турлыгазы Ж.Б. , Байдиллаева Д.Ж. , Бакриев Р.А. , Канатаева А.Б. , Шымырбай А.Г. , Сейткали А.С. 
Published: August 2021

Острый панкреатит за последнее десятилетие занимает лидирующие позиции в практике абдоминальной хирургии, уступая место лишь острому аппендициту. А так же имеет ряд осложнений с неблагоприятными исходами. По данным литературы определено около 120 факторов, способные привести к развитию острого панкреатита. В данной статье преведены статистические данные социологического опроса, указывающие на ряд факторов способных привести к развитию данной патологии, частота их влияния, гендерные особенности а так же связи их между собой.
Over the past decade, acute pancreatitis has taken a leading position in the practice of abdominal surgery, giving way only to acute appendicitis. It also has a number of complications with unfavorable outcomes. According to the literature, about 120 factors have been identified that can lead to the development of acute pancreatitis. This article presents the statistical data of a sociological survey, indicating a number of factors that can lead to the development of this patho logy, the frequency of their influence, gender characteristics, as well as their relationship with each other.
PSYCHOEMOTIONAL STATE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN DISTANCE LEARNING
Authors: Шарипова Н.Ж. , Тоғызбаева Қ.Қ. , Кусайынова Э.И. , Текманова А.К. 
Published: August 2021

Среди проблем глобализации 21 века особое место занимает психоэмоциональное и физическое здоровье детей школьного возраста. В результате научно-исследовательской работы в настоящее время все больше подростков и детей с психоэмоциональным состоянием. Усиление учебного процесса из года в год, повышение требований к учебному процессу в школе, внедрение новых программ, семейная атмосфера, нарушение отношений ребенка с учителем, друзьями, последствия негативного влияния социальной среды приводят к возникновению психоэмоциональной дисгармонии среди подростков. Также ситуация с пандемией, объявленная ВОЗ 1 марта 2020 года в связи с эпидемией covid-19, не повлияла на психологическое и физиологическое состояние школьников, как указано во многих литературных источниках. Формат самоизоляции и перехода на дистанционное обучение снижение физической активности, длительная работа за компьютером, возникновение материальных изменений в семье, связанных с системой карантина, привели к ухудшению настроения ребенка, общей усталости, депрессии, различным дисфункциональным психическим реакциям. Все это способствует нарушению здоровья школьников, возникновению и распространению психосоматических заболеваний
Among the problems of globalization of the 21st century, a special place is occupied by the psycho-emotional and physical health of school-age children. As a result of research work, there are now more and more teenagers and children with a psychoemotional state. Strengthening the educational process from year to year, increasing the requirements for the educational process at school, the introduction of new programs, the family atmosphere, the violation of the child's relationship with the teacher, friends, the consequences of the negative influence of the social environment lead to the emergence of psychoemotional disharmony among adolescents. Also, the situation with the pandemic, announced by WHO on March 1, 2020 in connection with the covid-19 epidemic, did not affect the psychological and physiological state of schoolchildren, as indicated in many literary sources. The format of self-isolation and the transition to distance learning reduced physical activity, prolonged work at the computer, the occurrence of material changes in the family associated with the quarantine system, led to a deterioration in the child's mood, general fatigue, depression, and various dysfunctional mental reactions. All this contributes to the violation of the health of schoolchildren, the emergence and spread of psychosomatic diseases
EFFECTIVENESS OF CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING IN THE CITY MUNICIPAL ENTERPRISE ON THE RIGHT OF ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT CITY POLYCLINIC №5 OF ALMATY»
Authors: Максутова Д.Ж. , Миреева А.Э. , Карибаева Д.О. , Асан Т. , Балтабаева У. , Бегалы А. , Кайып Н. , Рахман Н. , Сарыбай А. 
Published: August 2021

Одной из задач нашего исследования был анализ данных скрининговой программы по раннему выявлению раковых и предраковых заболеваний шейки матки в ГП №5, который показал, что процент охвата скрининговой программой целевой группы соответствует государственной программе. Качество проведения скрининговой программы в ГП№5 значительно улучшилось, снизился процент неинформативного материала. Большинство женщин, которые умерли от рака шейки матки, относятся к возрастной группе 80 лет и старше.
One of the objectives of our study was to analyze data from the screening program for early detection of cervical cancer and precancerous diseases in GP №5, which showed that the percentage of coverage of the target group's screening program corresponds to the state program. The quality of the screening program in GP№5 has significantly improved, and the percentage of non-informative material has decreased. Most women who have died from cervical cancer are in the age group of 80 or older.
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE LEVEL OF ANXIETY DEVELOPMENT ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Малибаева А.Е. , Кайрат Б.К. , Нуфтиева А.И. , Умбетьярова Л.Б. , Кулбаева М.С. , Швецова Е.В. , Молсадыккызы М. , Токтыбай А.К. , Бакирова А.Д. , Куаныш А.Н. , Малибаева А.Э. 
Published: August 2021

В современных стрессовых и негативных внешних экологических условиях растет число неуверенных в себе, эмоционально неустойчивых тревожных детей. В работах А.И.Захаровой, Н.В.Имеладзе, Л.М. Прихожановой говорится, что когда человек постоянно волнуется - возникает паника. Согласно анализу исследований многих авторов, детская тревога, с одной стороны, имеет психодинкамическую природу, с другой-является результатом социализации. По мнению психологов, у учащихся наблюдается высокий уровень тревожности в процессе обучения. В результате изучения данной проблемы установлено, что уровень тревожности и успеваемость ребенка тесно взаимосвязаны. Процесс приобщения детей, пришедших в школу, к процессу обучения тесно связан с процессом паники .
In the current stressful and negative external environmental conditions, the number of insecure, emotionally unstable children with anxiety is growing. In the works of A.I. Zakharova, N.V. Imeladze, L.M. Prikhozhan, it is said that when a person is constantly agitated, panic occurs. According to the analysis of the research of many authors, child anxiety, on the one hand, has a psychodynamic nature, and on the other-is the result of socialization. According to psychologists, there is a high level of anxiety in students ' learning process. As a result of the study of this problem, it was found that the level of anxiety and the child's academic performance are closely related. The process of adaptation of children to the learning process is closely related to the panic process. However, the level of anxiety in lower-class students affects the learning process and learning outcomes.
Mouth and teeth infections in psychiatric setting at Hôpital du Point-G : Observations on 130 cases.
Authors: Ba B , Konate I , Goita D , Ba M , Kamaté D , Diawara O , Niang A , Maiga AS , Guèye S , Touré A , Al. Et 
Published: August 2021

Objective The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of mental illness on the oral health status of psychiatric patients.Materials And MethodsWe performed a prospective, transverse and descriptive study based on the observation of the oral lesions in the patients received in psychiatric consultation. It took place in the department of Psychiatry of the Center Hospitalo Universitaire of Point G for one month (from June to July 2014). The target population was known psychiatric patients followed and / or hospitalized during the study period. The data were collected from the medical files and a questionnaire and entered and analyzed with the software Epi info fr 6.0. In 54.40% of patients, brushing of teeth was performed once daily and twice daily in 26.10% of cases.ResultsDuring the study period, 130 patients were selected according to our inclusion criteria, of which 70.0% were male with a sex ratio of 2.3. The age group 25-34 was the most represented, 31.50%. The majority of our patients had dental abrasion, or 90.80% of the cases. The CAD / D index of our population was 5.22. Halitosis and oral dryness were common in patients with chronic psychosis, respectively 63.5% and 56.90% of cases. Gingivorrhage was observed in 61.10% of patients with chronic psychosis.ConclusionThis study shows the high frequency of oral infection in a psychiatric setting, hence the interest of a partnership between mental health professionals and those in the oral cavity.Keywords : Oral infections ; psychiatry ; buccal dryness, CAD index ; Point G Hospital