bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Search for the parent material of spring soft wheat resistant to septoria tritici blotch and analysis of the trait inheritance
Authors: Kharina A. V. , Shcheshegova T. K. 
Published: April 2021

In 2017-2020 in the conditions of Kirov region there were studied 143 varieties, 115 perspective lines and 28 hybrids of the first generation of spring soft wheat according to the degree of resistance to septoria tritici blotch against the background of the natural development of infection. It has been established that development of the disease significantly increased with a decrease in air temperature during the «seedling-tillering» phase (r = -0.83…-0.96) and an increase in the amount of precipitation during «shooting» phase (r = +0.87…+0.90). Resistance to septoria tritici blotch was shown by 16.1 % collection samples. A significant (r = -0.83) decrease in yield by an average of 19 % in susceptible samples compared to resistant ones was revealed. The greatest breeding and immunological value were represented by the varieties of Russian selection: Tobolskaya, Tyumenskaya 29, Moskovskaya 35 and МIS, among which the early variety MIS was tolerant to septoria tritici blotch. Thirteen lines resistant to septoria tritici blotch were identified from the new breeding material. The varieties selected for resistance to septoria tritici blotch were used in hybridization. In F1hybrids domination and overdomination in the inheritance of resistance to septoria tritici blotch prevailed, as well as weight of 1000 grains and yield per 1 m2. Among them, 8 hybrids F1 with the highest values of the dominance indices were identified. It has been established, that inheritance of resistance to septoria tritici blotch, weight of 1000 grains and yield of hybrids F1 occurs both in the maternal and paternal lines. The greatest immunological effect was obtained when using the varieties Daria (Russia) and Epos (Germany). The most productive hybrids were the variety Daria, taken as both a maternal and paternal form, as well as when using the Egisar 29 (Russia) variety as a maternal form.
Pandemic makers: How citizen groups mobilized resources to meet local needs in a global health crisis
Authors: Browder Russell , Seyb Stella , Forgues Angela , Aldrich Howard 
Published: April 2021

<p>The enormous scale of suffering, breadth of societal impact, and ongoing uncertainty wrought by the COVID-19 pandemic introduced dynamics seldom examined in the crisis entrepreneurship literature. Previous research indicates that when a crisis causes a failure of public goods, spontaneous citizen ventures often emerge to leverage unique local knowledge to rapidly customize abundant external resources to meet immediate needs. However, as outsiders, emergent citizen groups responding to the dire shortage of personal protective equipment at the onset of COVID-19 lacked local knowledge and legitimacy. In this study, we examine how entrepreneurial citizens mobilized collective resources in attempts to gain acceptance and meet local needs amid the urgency of the pandemic. Through longitudinal case studies of citizen groups connected to makerspaces in four U.S. cities, we study how they adapted to address the resource and legitimacy limitations they encountered. We identify three mechanisms—augmenting, circumventing, and attenuating—that helped transient citizen groups calibrate their resource mobilization based on what they learned over time. We highlight how extreme temporality imposes limits on resourcefulness and legitimation, making it critical for collective entrepreneurs to learn when to work within their limitations rather than try to overcome them. </p>
THE STUDY OF PREDICTION OF BODY MASS INDEX THROUGH GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER GENE (SLC6A4) 5-HTTLPR IN RAKMHSU STUDENTS
Authors: Hemimi Neveen Salaheldin , Ravichandran Shyam Sundar , Mustafa Ali Mohammed , Anandaram Asuwin , Goud B K Manjunatha 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: In recent years obesity has become a major health problem and life style changes, habits aggravated the prevalence of obesity in young children. Many studies have suggested that serotonin has been linked with the occurrence of obesity along with various other factors. Based on these facts we aimed to study the relation of serotonin allele’s expression with BMI of university students.
Materials and Methods: The study was a case control involving 66 participants done in Biochemistry department, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khamiah. A standardized diet history questionnaire used to calculate the calorie intake. The saliva was collected and using the manufactures guidelines the DNA has been extracted using DNA Genotek kit. The polymerase chain reaction used to detect the polymorphism in the subjects. Finally DNA gel electrophoresis done to detect the alleles in different subjects.
Results: The study results showed that BMI, Waist circumference and body weight percentage was significant in overweight and obese subjects. The most common alleles in normal subjects was SS when compared with overweight and obese showing SL, LL.
Discussion and Conclusion: Our study was in accordance with other studies which showed L allele associate with obesity. We suggest that, L allele associate is a risk and can be used to assess/predict the obesity.
Key words: Obesity, Polymorphism, Overweight, Body mass index, Polymerase chain reaction
Peningkatan Stabilitas Dimensi Hasil Cetakan Alginat Dengan Penambahan Pati Ubi Kayu dan Pati Sagu
Authors: Syam Syamsiah , Anas Risnayanti , Abdi Muhammad Jayadi , Biba Andi Tenri , Chotimah Chusnul , Purnomo Hendra 
Published: April 2021

Pendahuluan: Alginat adalah bahan cetakan yang sering digunakan dalam kedokteran gigi. Bahan cetak alginat masih memiliki kelemahan dalam akurasi stabilitas dimensi, dimana alginat memiliki stabilitas dimensi yang cepat berubah. Tujuan Penelitian: Peneltian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan pati ubi kayu dan pati sagu terhadap stabilitas dimensi hasil cetakan alginat. Bahan dan Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode True Eksperimental Laboratorium dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Dimana jumlah sampel minimal diestimasikan berdasarkan rumus Federer. Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratorium terpadu Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Muslim Indonesia. Hasil: Telah didapatkan berdasarkan uji one way anova diperoleh p-value sebesar 0,000 (p<0,05). Berdasarkan uji post hoc multiple comparison diperoleh perbedaan rata-rata antara pati ubi kayu ditambah alginat dengan kelompok kontrol sebesar 0,35500. Sedangkan untuk pati sagu ditambah alginat dengan kelompok kontrol sebesar 0,75500. Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini terdapat perubahan yang signifikan antara penambahan pati ubi kayu dan pati sagu terhadap stabilitas dimensi hasil cetakan alginat.
FEM-Based Benchmark Problem for Cogging Torque Minimization of Axial Flux Permanent-Magnet Motors in Artap Framework
Authors: Nyitrai Attila , Orosz Tamás 
Published: April 2021

Optimization of axial flux permanent-magnet motors is a very important topic in the literature and requires high performance optimization algorithms and finite element analysis. This paper gives a summary of the analysis methods of axial flux permanent-magnet motors currently available in the literature. An open-circuit model was built and described using the 2D Linear Motor Modeling Approach. The model was validated by comparing air-gap flux-density waveform and cogging torque results with one of the motors described in the literature as a benchmark problem. The aim of the study was to create a method for the axial-flux motor optimization based on the open-circuit finite element model using the Ārtap software. By applying the described method, it is possible to use local and global optimization algorithms, such as evolutionary and genetic algorithms, directly using the finite element analysis results. The proposed finite element model can be used for benchmarking and selecting the most appropriate evolutionary and genetic algorithms for this kind of optimization problems.
PENGEMBANGAN PRISMA KATA BERGAMBAR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA SISWA KELAS I SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Safitri Indri Indah , Oktiningrum Wuli 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan media pembelajaran prisma kata bergambar yang valid digunakan dalam pembelajaran materi Bahasa Indonesia, serta untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca siswa melalui implementasi media pembelajaran prisma kata bergambar. Agar pembelajaran semakin efektif dan efisien serta mampu meningkatkan antusias dalam proses belajar mengajar, dan tidak membuat siswa bosan saat proses pembelajaran dengan adanya media pembelajaran ini dapat mendukung pembelajaran. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan penelitian jenis RnD (Research and Development). Produk yang dikembangkan adalah benda hidup dan tak hidup di sekitarku. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian pengembangan Borg & Gall yang memiliki 10 tahapan akan tetapi diseminasi tidak dilakukan karena keterbatasan biaya dan waktu. Kemampuan membaca diukur dengan hasil pretest dan posttest sedangkan respon siswa diukur melalui data hasil wawancara kepada siswa kelas I di SD Negeri 1 Randugading. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran PRISKABAR valid diperoleh persentase 95%. Respon siswa juga meningkat, hal ini dilihat dari hasil wawancara terhadap siswa terkait penggunaan media PRISKABAR. Serta untuk hasil pretest dan posttest diperoleh persentase 84% yang menunjukkan kemampuan membaca siswa meningkat dengan materi benda hidup dan tak hidup. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disarankan bagi pihak sekolah maupun guru untuk memaksimalkan dan mengoptimalkan penggunaan media pembelajaran sebagai media pendukung proses belajar mengajar.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PAPAN EKO (KEGIATAN EKONOMI) PADA MATERI KEGIATAN EKONOMI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR KELOMPOK SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Pratama Sindy Muthia Putri , Yanti Yulia Eka 
Published: April 2021

Pengembangan media Papan EKO (Kegiatan Ekonomi) ini dilakukan karena siswa masih kesulitan dalam mengurutkan proses terjadinya kegiatan ekonomi dan masih kurangnya media yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran yang menyebabkan aktivitas belajar kelompok siswa pada kelas IV SD masih cukup rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran Papan EKO (Kegiatan Ekonomi) yang layak dan valid digunakan dalam pembelajaran materi IPS, serta untuk meningkatkan aktivitas belajar kelompok siswa melalui implementasi media pembelajaran Papan EKO (Kegiatan Ekonomi). Pada penelitian dan pengembangan ini, peneliti menggunakan jenis penelitian RnD (Research and Development) yang dikembangkan oleh Borg and Gall. Aktifitas belajar kelompok siswa diukur dengan angket aktivitas belajar kelompok siswa, sedangkan kevalidan produk diukur dengan lembar validasi produk ahli materi dan ahli media. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran Papan EKO (Kegiatan Ekonomi) layak dan valid digunakan dengan dengan perolehan tingkat kevalidan dari ahli media sebesar 94%, dari ahli materi sebesar 85%. Aktivitas belajar kelompok siswa juga meningkat, hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil angket aktivitas belajar kelompok siswa pada uji lapangan utama sebelum menggunakan media diperoleh 52%, sesudah menggunakan media Papan EKO (Kegiatan Ekonomi) siswa memperoleh 89%. Hal ini dikatakan bahwa aktivitas belajar kelompok siswa tinggi dan meningkat sebesar 37% setelah diberikan media Papan EKO (Kegiatan Ekonomi). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disarankan bagi pihak sekolah dan guru untuk mengoptimalkan penggunaan media agar siswa semakin meningkat aktivitas belajar kelompok dalam belajar.
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hypokalemia in Primary Aldosteronism Among Chinese Population
Authors: Chen Yi , Chen Xueyang , Chen Qiang , Yu Chaohui 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundIn recent years, evidence that aldosteronism is a risk factor for metabolic disorders has increased. This study was designed to investigate the role of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hypokalemia in primary aldosteronism (PA).MethodsA total of 222 patients diagnosed with PA and 222 non-PA patients were included in our study. Demographic data, medical histories, clinical evaluations, complete blood counts, serum biochemical analyses, aldosterone and potassium levels were obtained. Data are presented as the means ± standard deviation (SD). To compare the parameters between cases and controls, Student’s t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests were used for continuous variables, and χ2 tests were used for categorical variables. Pearson correlation analysis was used to define relationships between pairs of parameters. A two-sided P &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess the independent effects of potassium and other metabolic variables on NAFLD in PA patients.ResultsThe diagnosis of NAFLD was more common in PA patients (n=222, 35.1%) than in non-PA subjects (29.7%). PA patients with and without NAFLD had similar metabolic imbalance characteristics. In PA patients with hypokalemia, relatively higher prevalences of NAFLD (44% vs. 27%, P &lt; 0.05) and diabetes mellitus (19.8% vs. 9.9%, P &lt; 0.05) were observed. Hypokalemic PA patients had a worse metabolic status than PA patients without hypokalemia, including higher body mass index (BMI) (25.4 ± 3.4 vs. 24.1 ± 3.9 kg/m2, P &lt; 0.05), more severe dyslipidemia as well as insulin resistance, higher serum uric acid levels (354 ± 95 vs. 319 ± 87 μmol/L, P &lt; 0.01) and aggravated inflammation.ConclusionThe prevalence of NAFLD was higher in PA patients than in non-PA patients, although the patterns of obesity, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance were similar. Hypokalemic PA patients had a worse metabolic status than normokalemic PA patients. This study provides new insights that can inform further mechanistic studies about metabolic imbalance in patients with aldosteronism.
Temporal Patterns of N2O Fluxes From a Rainfed Maize Field in Northeast China
Authors: Su Chenxia , Kang Ronghua , Huang Wentao , Fang Yunting 
Published: April 2021

Rainfed agriculture is one of the most common farming practices in the world and is vulnerable to global climate change. However, only limited studies have been conducted on rainfed agriculture, mainly using low-frequency manual techniques, which caused large uncertainties in estimating annual N2O emissions. In this study, we used a fully automated system to continuously measure soil N2O emissions for two years (April 2017 to March 2019) in a typical rainfed maize field in Northeast China. The annual N2O emissions were 2.8 kg N ha−1 in year 1 (April 2017 to March 2018) and 1.8 kg N ha−1 in year 2 (April 2018 to March 2019), accounting for 1.9 and 1.2% of the nitrogen fertilizer applied, respectively. The inter-annual variability was mainly due to different weather conditions encountered in years 1 and 2. A severe drought in year 1 reduced plant N uptake, leaving high mineral N in the soil, and the following moderate rainfalls promoted a large amount of N2O emissions. The seasonal pattern of N2O fluxes was mainly controlled by soil temperature and soil nitrate concentration. Both soil moisture and the molar ratio of NO/N2O indicate that N2O and NO were mainly derived from nitrification, resulting in a significant positive correlation between N2O and NO flux in the intra-rows (where nitrogen fertilizer was applied). Moreover, we observed that the N2O emissions during the freeze–thaw periods were negligible in this region for rainfed agriculture. Our long-term and high-resolution measurements of soil N2O emissions suggest that sampling between LST 9:00 and 10:00 is the best empirical sampling time for the intermittent manual measurements.
Prevalence and Prognostic Value of Heart Failure Stages: An Elderly Inpatient Based Cohort Study
Authors: Zheng Pei-Pei , Yao Si-Min , Guo Di , Cui Ling-ling , Miao Guo-Bin , Dong Wei , Wang Hua , Yang Jie-Fu 
Published: April 2021

Background: The prevalence and prognostic value of heart failure (HF) stages among elderly hospitalized patients is unclear.Methods: We conducted a prospective, observational, multi-center, cohort study, including hospitalized patients with the sample size of 1,068; patients were age 65 years or more, able to cooperate with the assessment and to complete the echocardiogram. Two cardiologists classified all participants in various HF stages according to 2013 ACC/AHA HF staging guidelines. The outcome was rate of 1-year major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). The Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models were used for survival analyses. Survival classification and regression tree analysis were used to determine the optimal cutoff of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) to predict MACE.Results: Participants' mean age was 75.3 ± 6.88 years. Of them, 4.7% were healthy and without HF risk factors, 21.0% were stage A, 58.7% were stage B, and 15.6% were stage C/D. HF stages were associated with worsening 1-year survival without MACE (log-rank χ2 = 69.62, P &lt; 0.001). Deterioration from stage B to C/D was related to significant increases in HR (3.636, 95% CI, 2.174–6.098, P &lt; 0.001). Patients with NT-proBNP levels over 280.45 pg/mL in stage B (HR 2; 95% CI 1.112–3.597; P = 0.021) and 11,111.5 pg/ml in stage C/D (HR 2.603, 95% CI 1.014–6.682; P = 0.047) experienced a high incidence of MACE adjusted for age, sex, and glomerular filtration rate.Conclusions : HF stage B, rather than stage A, was most common in elderly inpatients. NT-proBNP may help predict MACE in stage B.Trial Registration: ChiCTR1800017204; 07/18/2018.
Pharmacological Mechanisms Underlying the Anti-asthmatic Effects of Modified Guomin Decoction Determined by Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Wang Guishu , Zhou Bo , Wang Zheyi , Meng Yufeng , Liu Yaqian , Yao Xiaoqin , Feng Cuiling 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundAsthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by Th2-predominant inflammation and airway remodeling. Modified Guo Min decoction (MGMD) has been an extensive practical strategy for allergic disorders in China. Although its potential anti-asthmatic activity has been reported, the exact mechanism of action of MGMD in asthma remains unexplored.MethodsNetwork pharmacology approach was employed to predict the active components, potential targets, and molecular mechanism of MGMD for asthma treatment, including drug-likeness evaluation, oral bioavailability prediction, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network construction and analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) terms, and Reactome pathway annotation. Molecular docking was carried out to investigate interactions between active compounds and potential targets.ResultsA total of 92 active compounds and 72 anti-asthma targets of MGMD were selected for analysis. The GO enrichment analysis results indicated that the anti-asthmatic targets of MGMD mainly participate in inflammatory and in airway remolding processes. The Reactome pathway analysis showed that MGMD prevents asthma mainly through regulation of the IL-4 and IL-13 signaling and the specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) biosynthesis. Molecular docking results suggest that each bioactive compounds (quercetin, wogonin, luteolin, naringenin, and kaempferol) is capable to bind with STAT3, PTGS2, JUN, VEGFA, EGFR, and ALOX5.ConclusionThis study revealed the active ingredients and potential molecular mechanism by which MGMD treatment is effective against airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma through regulating IL-4 and IL-13 signaling and SPMs biosynthesis.
Identification of Prognostic Glycolysis-Related lncRNA Signature in Tumor Immune Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Bai Yang , Lin Haiping , Chen Jiaqi , Wu Yulian , Yu Shi’an 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to construct a novel risk scoring model with prognostic value that could elucidate tumor immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Samples and methods: Data were obtained through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Univariate Cox analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis, and multivariate Cox analysis were carried out to screen for glycolysis-related long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that could provide prognostic value. Finally, we established a risk score model to describe the characteristics of the model and verify its prediction accuracy. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of 1, 3, and 5 years of overall survival (OS) were depicted with risk score and some clinical features. ESTIMATE algorithm, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), and CIBERSORT analysis were employed to reveal the characteristics of tumor immune microenvironment in HCC. The nomogram was drawn by screening indicators with high prognostic accuracy. The correlation of risk signature with immune infiltration and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy was analyzed. After enrichment of related genes, active behaviors and pathways in high-risk groups were identified and lncRNAs related to poor prognosis were validated in vitro. Finally, the impact of MIR4435-2HG upon ICB treatment was uncovered.Results: After screening through multiple steps, four glycolysis-related lncRNAs were obtained. The risk score constructed with the four lncRNAs was found to significantly correlate with prognosis of samples. From the ROC curve of samples with 1, 3, and 5 years of OS, two indicators were identified with high prognostic accuracy and were used to draw a nomogram. Besides, the risk score significantly correlated with immune score, immune-related signature, infiltrating immune cells (i.e. B cells, etc.), and ICB key molecules (i.e. CTLA4,etc.). Gene enrichment analysis indicated that multiple biological behaviors and pathways were active in the high-risk group. In vitro validation results showed that MIR4435-2HG was highly expressed in the two cell lines, which had a significant impact on the OS of samples. Finally, we corroborated that MIR4435-2HG had intimate relationship with ICB therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.Conclusion: We elucidated the crucial role of risk signature in immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy, which might contribute to clinical strategies and clinical outcome prediction of HCC.