bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case study of 2019-nCOV cases in Argentina with the real data based on daily cases from March 03, 2020 to March 29, 2021 using classical and fractional derivatives
Authors: Kumar Pushpendra , Erturk Vedat Suat , Murillo-Arcila Marina , Banerjee Ramashis , Manickam A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this study, our aim is to explore the dynamics of COVID-19 or 2019-nCOV in Argentina considering the parameter values based on the real data of this virus from March 03, 2020 to March 29, 2021 which is a data range of more than one complete year. We propose a Atangana–Baleanu type fractional-order model and simulate it by using predictor–corrector (P-C) method. First we introduce the biological nature of this virus in theoretical way and then formulate a mathematical model to define its dynamics. We use a well-known effective optimization scheme based on the renowned trust-region-reflective (TRR) method to perform the model calibration. We have plotted the real cases of COVID-19 and compared our integer-order model with the simulated data along with the calculation of basic reproductive number. Concerning fractional-order simulations, first we prove the existence and uniqueness of solution and then write the solution along with the stability of the given P-C method. A number of graphs at various fractional-order values are simulated to predict the future dynamics of the virus in Argentina which is the main contribution of this paper.
Investigation into the effect of data reduction in offloadable task for distributed IoT-fog-cloud computing
Authors: Nwogbaga Nweso Emmanuel , Latip Rohaya , Affendey Lilly Suriani , Rahiman Amir Rizaan Abdul 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWith the increasing level of IoT applications, computation offloading is now undoubtedly vital because of the IoT devices limitation of processing capability and energy. Computation offloading involves moving data from IoT devices to another processing layer with higher processing capability. However, the size of data offloaded is directly proportional to the delay incurred by the offloading. Therefore, introducing data reduction technique to reduce the offloadable data minimizes delay resulting from the offloading method. In this paper, two main strategies are proposed to address the enormous data volume that result to computation offloading delay. First, IoT Canonical Polyadic Decomposition for Deep Learning Algorithm is proposed. The main purpose of this strategy is to downsize the IoT offloadable data. In the study, the Kaggle-cat-and-dog dataset was used to evaluate the impact of the proposed data compression. The proposed method downsizes the data significantly and can reduce the delay due to network traffic. Secondly, Rank Accuracy Estimation Model is proposed for determining the Rank-1 value. The result of the proposed method proves that the proposed methods are better in terms of data compression compared to distributed deep learning layers. This method can be applied in smart city, vehicular networks, and telemedicine etc.
Delayed onset postoperative retropharyngeal hematoma after anterior cervical surgery with a sequela of tracheal stricture: a case report
Authors: Chang Dong-Gune , Park Jong-Beom , Kim Hong Jin , Park Soo-Bin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Among the several complications associated with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), airway compromise is considered one of the serious life-threatening conditions and usually requires emergent treatment, including airway establishment and hematoma evacuation surgery. Postoperative retropharyngeal hematoma commonly occurred during the on immediate phase with airway compromise, but have a rarity on late onset of this complication. Enlightened by this existing fact, we report the first case of delayed onset postoperative retropharyngeal hematoma after anterior cervical surgery with a sequela of tracheal stricture.

Case presentation
A 55-year-old male underwent ACDF for disc herniation at C5–6 that had not responded to conservative treatment over 3 months. The symptoms significantly improved after surgery, and he was discharged on postoperative day 3. On the 7 days after ACDF, the patient complained of sudden-onset left-deviated neck swelling. The follow-up plain radiographs and neck-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans showed anterior and right lateral displacement of the airway including the trachea by a large retropharyngeal hematoma. We performed an emergent forceful endotracheal intubation that was maintained for 2 days until the patient underwent hematoma evacuation surgery. On the second day after hematoma evacuation surgery, the patient complained of hoarseness with a foul breath odor. Laryngoscopy showed tracheal ischemic mucosal damage that had been induced by forceful endotracheal intubation. Antibiotics and systemic corticosteroids were administered, and the symptoms improved. One month after hematoma evacuation surgery, he complained of dyspnea on exertion, and laryngoscopy showed tracheal stricture. The patient underwent bronchoscopic dilatation and is doing well without recurrence of symptoms.

Conclusions
Early surgery to remove the delayed onset retropharyngeal hematoma, rather than forceful endotracheal intubation followed by delayed surgery, might yield better results and avoid unexpected complications of tracheal stricture.
From gut microbiota to host appetite: gut microbiota-derived metabolites as key regulators
Authors: Han Hui , Yi Bao , Zhong Ruqing , Wang Mengyu , Zhang Shunfen , Ma Jie , Yin Yulong , Yin Jie , Chen Liang , Zhang Hongfu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFeelings of hunger and satiety are the key determinants for maintaining the life of humans and animals. Disturbed appetite control may disrupt the metabolic health of the host and cause various metabolic disorders. A variety of factors have been implicated in appetite control, including gut microbiota, which develop the intricate interactions to manipulate the metabolic requirements and hedonic feelings. Gut microbial metabolites and components act as appetite-related signaling molecules to regulate appetite-related hormone secretion and the immune system, or act directly on hypothalamic neurons. Herein, we summarize the effects of gut microbiota on host appetite and consider the potential molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, we propose that the manipulation of gut microbiota represents a clinical therapeutic potential for lessening the development and consequence of appetite-related disorders.
Growth and physiological impairments in Fe-starved alfalfa are associated with the downregulation of Fe and S transporters along with redox imbalance
Authors: Rahman Md Atikur , Ahmed Md Bulbul , Alotaibi Fahad , Alotaibi Khaled D. , Ziadi Noura , Lee Ki-Won , Kabir Ahmad Humayan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Iron (Fe) is an essential plant nutrient. Its deficiency is a major constraint in crop production systems, affecting crop yield and quality. It is therefore important to elucidate the responses and adaptive mechanisms underlying Fe-deficiency symptoms in alfalfa.

Materials and methods
The experiment was carried out on 12-day-old alfalfa plants grown in hydroponics under Fe-sufficient and Fe-deficient conditions.

Results
The Fe-starved alfalfa showed decreased plant biomass, chlorophyll score, PSII efficiency, and photosynthesis performance index in young leaves under low Fe. Further, Fe shortage reduced the Fe, Zn, S and Ca concentration in root and shoot of alfalfa accompanied by the marked decrease of MsIRT1, MsZIP, MsSULTR1;1, MsSULTR1;2 and MsSULTR1;3 transcripts in root and shoot. It indicates that retardation caused by Fe-deficiency was also associated with the status of other elements, especially the reduced Fe and S may be coordinately attributed to the photosynthetic damages in Fe-deficient alfalfa. The ferric chelate reductase activity accompanied by the expression of MsFRO1 in roots showed no substantial changes, indicating the possible involvement of this Strategy I response in Fe-deficient alfalfa. However, the proton extrusion and expression of MsHAI1 were significantly induced following Fe-deficiency. In silico analysis further suggested their subcellular localization in the plasma membrane. Also, the interactome map suggested the partnership of MsFRO1 with plasma membrane H+-ATPase, transcription factor bHLH47, and nitrate reductase genes, while MsHAI1 partners include ferric reductase-like transmembrane component, plasma membrane ATPase, vacuolar-type H-pyrophosphatase, and general regulatory factor 2. In this study, SOD and APX enzymes showed a substantial increase in roots but unable to restore the oxidative damages in Fe-starved alfalfa.

Conclusion
These findings promote further studies for the improvement of Fe-starved alfalfa or legumes through breeding or transgenic approaches.

Graphic Abstract
SANTIA: a Matlab-based open-source toolbox for artifact detection and removal from extracellular neuronal signals
Authors: Fabietti Marcos , Mahmud Mufti , Lotfi Ahmad , Kaiser M. Shamim , Averna Alberto , Guggenmos David J. , Nudo Randolph J. , Chiappalone Michela , Chen Jianhui 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNeuronal signals generally represent activation of the neuronal networks and give insights into brain functionalities. They are considered as fingerprints of actions and their processing across different structures of the brain. These recordings generate a large volume of data that are susceptible to noise and artifacts. Therefore, the review of these data to ensure high quality by automatically detecting and removing the artifacts is imperative. Toward this aim, this work proposes a custom-developed automatic artifact removal toolbox named, SANTIA (SigMate Advanced: a Novel Tool for Identification of Artifacts in Neuronal Signals). Developed in Matlab, SANTIA is an open-source toolbox that applies neural network-based machine learning techniques to label and train models to detect artifacts from the invasive neuronal signals known as local field potentials.
Gene expression analysis in NSAID-induced rat small intestinal disease model with the intervention of berberine by the liquid chip technology
Authors: Chao Guanqun , Wang Qianqian , Ye Fangxu , Zhang Shuo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective
Investigate the effect and mechanism of berberine on the small intestinal mucosa of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) related small intestinal injury.

Materials and methods
Twenty-four SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group and intervention group. The model group and intervention group were treated with diclofenac (7.5 mg/kg·d, 2/d), a total of 4 days tube feeding, and the intervention group was treated with 50 mg/kg·d intragastric administration of berberine after 2 days. The control group was treated with 7.5 mg/kg·d, 2/d 0.9% saline tube feeding. Then we screened differential expression of colonic mucosal gene by the liquid chip technology.

Results
Compared with the control group, macroscopic and histology score of the model group increased significantly (P < 0.05), HTR4, HTR1a, F2RL3, CALCA, NPY, CRHR2, IL1b, P2RX3, TPH1, HMOX1, TRPV1, VIP, F2RL1, SLC6A4, TFF2, AQP8 content were significantly increased (P < 0.05), NOS1 content decreased significantly (P < 0.05); Compared with the model group, macroscopic and histology score of the intervention group improved significantly (P < 0.05), and HTR4, F2RL3, NPY, CRHR2, IL1b, VIP, AQP8 content were significantly lower (P < 0.05), NOS1 content increased significantly (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Berberine has a protective effect on NSAID-associated small intestinal injury, the mechanism may be that berberine decreases the expression of intestinal mucosa HTR4, F2RL3, NPY, CRHR2, IL1b, VIP, AQP8, and increases the expression of NOS1, that to reduce intestinal permeability and protect intestinal mucosal barrier.
Measuring health-related quality of life in patients with rare disease
Authors: Lenderking William R. , Anatchkova Milena , Pokrzywinski Robin , Skalicky Anne , Martin Mona L. , Gelhorn Heather 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
There has been a growing emphasis on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) as an important outcome in rare disease drug development, although its assessment may be useful outside the drug development context, including in clinical applications or natural history studies. Central to assessing quality of life in health research is utilizing outcome measures that capture symptoms and impacts of the disease and treatment that are important and relevant to patients. Identifying and implementing valid and reliable tools to measure HRQoL in rare diseases poses unique challenges that often require creative solutions.

Main body
In this commentary, we explore some of the challenges in HRQoL assessment in rare disease, propose solutions, and consider regulatory issues. Some of the solutions discussed entail the use of item banks, adapting existing measures from phenotypically similar disease contexts, use of multi-domain measurement indices, and adapting methods for assessing content validity of existing measures. Current regulatory considerations are discussed and resources outlined.

Conclusion
Quality of life may be the most important endpoint for patients with rare diseases, and the challenges of valid assessment require effort and innovative thinking specific to each context to improve measurement and clinical outcomes.
Axillary fibromatosis with radiological-pathological correlation: a case report and literature review
Authors: Sprenger Flávia , Kluppel Sofia Tokars , Vicente Filho Valmir , Staats Ana Carolina , Anselmi Junior Raul Alberto , Louveira Maria Helena 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
The term fibromatosis refers to a spectrum of soft tissue tumors resulting from the unbridled proliferation of fibroblasts, with high infiltrative power. It is a rare neoplasm, with an incidence of about 3 cases per million. Most common sites include the abdominal wall and cavity, chest wall, scapular area, and the limbs, rarely affecting the axilla. Imaging plays a major role in surgical planning and clinical follow-up. Differential diagnosis with other soft tissue tumors may be arduous, but a correct evaluation is fundamental.

Case presentation
A 33-year-old case is reported for the evaluation of a palpable hardened and immobile left axillary nodule. The ultrasound reveals a solid, elongated, heterogeneous, poorly delimited, infiltrative lesion observed in the left axillary hollow, with no detectable flow in the color Doppler mode. At magnetic resonance imaging, the same elongated and expansive lesion was better defined, revealing its irregular contours, alternating areas of hypo- and hyperintense on T2, heterogeneous enhancement, and no signs of signal decay on in- and out-of-phase sequences. Due to its growth and local invasion potential, surgical excision was performed. The microscopic analysis showed long and uniform spindle cell fascicles, with clear cytoplasm and wavy nuclei, arranged in different directions, included in collagen stroma. Immunohistochemistry was positive for nuclear beta-catenin, confirming the diagnosis of fibromatosis.

Conclusion
Imaging methods reflect the heterogeneous nature of the lesion. This study demonstrates the importance of using a multidisciplinary approach in addition to imaging tests and histopathological study for better diagnosis and therapeutic planning. The high infiltrative power always must be reminded of, since it affects young patients and diagnosis delay can lead to mutilating surgeries.
Axillary lymph node status in BIRADS 4-5 female patients: can shear wave and strain ultrasound elastography help?
Authors: Elmesidy Dalia Salaheldin , Eissa Menna Allah Gaber Ahmed Mohamed , Hamed Soha Talaat , Youssef Omar Zakaria , Nada Omnia Mokhtar , Hashem Lamiaa Mohamed Bassam 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe status of axillary nodes is a determining factor of management and prognosis for patients having a recent diagnosis of breast cancer. Axillary nodes are usually evaluated by ultrasonography (US) and biopsy, if indicated. Ultrasound-guided sampling and intraoperative or sentinel nodal sampling are available options, however, are invasive and hold risks of potential complications, calling for reliable, non-invasive axillary imaging. In the current prospective study, we assessed the performance of shear wave (SWE) and strain (SE) ultrasound elastography regarding preoperative axillary assessment. Sixty axillary nodes from 60 patients (age 28–65 years, mean 49.88 ± 7.61 SD) were included, all scoring BIRADS 4–5 on sonomammography.ResultsFor US, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were 100%, 66.67%, 84.78%, 100%, and 88.33%, respectively. Cortical thickness and vascularity were the most sensitive. For qualitative SWE, indices were 76.92%, 80.95%, 88.24%, 65.38% and 78.33%, respectively. Calculated cut-off for Emax was 59.3 and for Eratio was 4.56, giving statistical indices of 76.9%, 90.5%, 93.75%, 67.86%, and 81.67% for Emax and 76.9%, 100%, 100%, 70% and 85% respectively for Eratio. Both Emax and Eratio were greater for malignant (Emax 81.77 ± 1.904, Eratio 8.95 ± 5.69) than for benign nodes (Emax 37.59 ± 33.37, Eratio 2.5 ± 1.37) (Pvalues < 0.001). For qualitative SE, sensitivity and specificity were 92.31% and 57.14%, while PPV, NPV, and accuracy were 80% each (Pvalues < 0.001). The calculated cut-off value for SR was 3.85, giving indices of 87.2%, 76.2%, 76.19%, 87.18% and 83.33% respectively.ConclusionAdding elastography evaluation to conventional US positively impacts the specificity and accuracy of the preoperative axillary nodal status assessment in patients having newly diagnosed breast cancer.
Profile and outcome of pediatric intussusception: a 5-year experience in a tertiary care center
Authors: Madan Aqeela J. , Haider Fayza , Alhindi Saeed 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundIntussusception is the most frequent cause of bowel obstruction in infants and toddlers; idiopathic intussusception occurs predominantly under the age of 3 and is rare after the age of 6 years; the highest incidence occurs in infants between 4 and 9 months; the gold standard for treatment of intussusception is non-operative reduction. This research will tackle the problem of pediatric intussusception in our center which is the largest tertiary center in our region. The primary outcome is to study the profile of intussusception; the secondary outcome is to assess the success rate of pneumatic reduction in the center’s pediatric population as well as to study the seasonal variation if present.ResultsDuring the study period, eighty-six (N=86) cases were identified, from which 10 cases were recurrent intussusception. Seventy-six (N=76) cases were included from the study period. N=68 (89%) were less than 3 years of age, and only N=2 (3%) were above 6 years. Seasonal variation was not significant; N=69 (91%) patients had successful pneumatic reduction under fluoroscopy while thirteen patients N=13 (17%) needed operative intervention.ConclusionIleocolic intussusception is one of the most common pediatric surgical emergencies that can be successfully managed non-operatively in our institute; 89% of the cases were below 3 years of age, and no seasonal variation was demonstrated. Operative intervention was required in 13 cases with the main reason being lead point. The fact that the pediatric surgeon performs the reduction might have contributed to a high success rate reaching 91% in our center. This study provides a valuable opportunity for future regional data comparisons and pooled data analyses.
Phony peach disease: past and present impact on the peach industry in the southeastern U.S.A
Authors: Johnson Kendall A. , Bock Clive H. , Brannen Phillip M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Phony peach disease (PPD) is caused by the plant pathogenic bacterium Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex (Xfm). Historically, the disease has caused severe yield loss in Georgia and elsewhere in the southeastern United States, with millions of PPD trees being removed from peach orchards over the last century. The disease remains a production constraint, and management options are few. Limited research has been conducted on PPD since the 1980s, but the advent of new technologies offers the opportunity for new, foundational research to form a basis for informed management of PPD in the U.S. Furthermore, considering the global threat of Xylella to many plant species, preventing import of Xfm to other regions, particularly where peach is grown, should be considered an important phytosanitary endeavor.

Main topics
We review PPD, its history and impact on peach production, and the eradication efforts that were conducted for 42 years. Additionally, we review the current knowledge of the pathogen, Xfm, and how that knowledge relates to our understanding of the peach—Xylella pathosystem, including the epidemiology of the disease and consideration of the vectors. Methods used to detect the pathogen in peach are discussed, and ramifications of detection in relation to management and control of PPD are considered. Control options for PPD are limited. Our current knowledge of the pathogen diversity and disease epidemiology are described, and based on this, some potential areas for future research are also considered.

Conclusion
There is a lack of recent foundational research on PPD and the associated strain of Xfm. More research is needed to reduce the impact of this pathogen on peach production in the southeastern U.S., and, should it spread internationally, wherever peaches are grown.
Comparison Between 5-Azacytidine Treatment and Allogeneic Stem-Cell Transplantation in Elderly Patients With Advanced MDS According to Donor Availability (VidazaAllo Study)
Authors: Kröger Nicolaus , Sockel Katja , Wolschke Christine , Bethge Wolfgang , Schlenk Richard F. , Wolf Dominik , Stadler Michael , Kobbe Guido , Wulf Gerald , Bug Gesine , Schäfer-Eckart Kerstin , Scheid Christof , Nolte Florian , Krönke Jan , Stelljes Matthias , Beelen Dietrich , Heinzelmann Marion , Haase Detlef , Buchner Hannes , Bleckert Gabriele , Giagounidis Aristoteles , Platzbecker Uwe 
Published: July 2021

PURPOSE In contrast to 5-azacytidine (5-aza), allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) represents a curative treatment strategy for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), but therapy-related mortality (TRM) limits its broader use in elderly patients with MDS. The present prospective multicenter study compared HSCT following 5-aza pretreatment with continuous 5-aza treatment in patients with higher-risk MDS age 55-70 years. METHODS One hundred ninety patients with a median age of 63 years were enrolled. Patients received 4-6 cycles of 5-aza followed by HLA-compatible HSCT after reduced-intensity conditioning or by continuous 5-aza if no donor was identified. RESULTS Twenty-eight patients did not fulfill inclusion criteria (n = 20), died (n = 2) withdrew informed consent (n = 5), or were excluded for an unknown reason (n = 1). 5-aza induction started in 162 patients, but only 108 (67%) were eligible for subsequent allocation to HSCT (n = 81) or continuation of 5-aza (n = 27) because of disease progression (n = 26), death (n = 12), or other reasons (n = 16). Seven percent died during 5-aza before treatment allocation. The cumulative incidence of TRM after HSCT at 1 year was 19%. The event-free survival and overall survival after 5-aza pretreatment and treatment allocation at 3 years were 34% (95% CI, 22 to 47) and 50% (95% CI, 39 to 61) after allograft and 0% and 32% (95% CI, 14 to 52) after continuous 5-aza treatment ( P < .0001 and P = .12), respectively. Fourteen patients progressing after continuous 5-aza received a salvage allograft from an alternative donor, and 43% were alive at last follow-up. CONCLUSION In older patients with MDS, reduced-intensity conditioning HSCT resulted in a significantly improved event-free survival in comparison with continuous 5-aza therapy. Bridging with 5-aza to HSCT before is associated with a considerable rate of dropouts because of progression, mortality, and adverse events.