bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Field observational constraints on the controllers in glyoxal (CHOCHO) loss to aerosol
Authors: Kim Dongwook , Cho Changmin , Jeong Seokhan , Lee Soojin , Nault Benjamin A. , Campuzano-Jost Pedro , Day Douglas A. , Schroder Jason C. , Jimenez Jose L. , Volkamer Rainer , Blake Donald R. , Wisthaler Armin , Fried Alan , DiGangi Joshua P. , Diskin Glenn S. , Pusede Sally E. , Hall Samuel R. , Ullmann Kirk , Huey L. Gregory , Tanner David J. , Dibb Jack , Knote Christoph J. , Min Kyung-Eun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Glyoxal (CHOCHO), the simplest dicarbonyl in the troposphere, is an important precursor for secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and brown carbon (BrC) affecting air-quality and climate. The airborne measurement of CHOCHO concentrations during the KORUS-AQ (KORea-US Air Quality study) campaign in 2016 enables detailed quantification of loss mechanisms, pertaining to SOA formation in the real atmosphere. The production of this molecule was mainly from oxidation of aromatics (59 %) initiated by hydroxyl radical (OH), of which glyoxal forming mechanisms are relatively well constrained. CHOCHO loss to aerosol was found to be the most important removal path (69 %) and contributed to roughly ~20 % (3.7 μg sm−3 ppmv−1 hr−1, normalized with excess CO) of SOA growth in the first 6 hours in Seoul Metropolitan Area. To our knowledge, we show the first field observation of aerosol surface-area (Asurf)-dependent CHOCHO uptake, which diverges from the simple surface uptake assumption as Asurf increases in ambient condition. Specifically, under the low (high) aerosol loading, the CHOCHO effective uptake rate coefficient, keff,uptake, linearly increases (levels off) with Asurf, thus, the irreversible surface uptake is a reasonable (unreasonable) approximation for simulating CHOCHO loss to aerosol. Dependency of photochemical impact, as well as aerosol viscosity, are discussed as other possible factors influencing CHOCHO uptake rate. Our inferred Henry's law coefficient of CHOCHO, 7.0 × 108 M atm−1, is ~2 orders of magnitude higher than those estimated from salting-in effects constrained by inorganic salts only, which urges more understanding on CHOCHO solubility under real atmospheric conditions.
Delineation of dew formation zones in Iran using long-term model simulations and cluster analysis
Authors: Atashi Nahid , Rahimi Dariush , Sinclair Victoria A. , Zaidan Martha A. , Rusanen Anton , Vuollekoski Henri , Kulmala Markku , Vesala Timo , Hussein Tareq 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Dew is a non-conventional source of water that has been gaining interest over the last two decades, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. In this study, we performed a long-term (1979–2018) energy balance model simulation to estimate dew formation potential in Iran aiming to identify dew formation zones and to investigate the impacts of long-term variation in meteorological parameters on dew formation. The annual average of dew occurrence in Iran was ∼102 d, with the lowest number of dewy days in summer (∼7 d) and the highest in winter (∼45 d). The average daily dew yield was in the range of 0.03–0.14 L m−2 and the maximum was in the range of 0.29–0.52 L m−2. Six dew formation zones were identified based on cluster analysis of the time series of the simulated dew yield. The distribution of dew formation zones in Iran was closely aligned with topography and sources of moisture. Therefore, the coastal zones in the north and south of Iran (i.e., Caspian Sea and Oman Sea), showed the highest dew formation potential, with 53 and 34 L m−2 yr−1, whereas the dry interior regions (i.e., central
Iran and the Lut Desert), with the average of 12–18 L m−2 yr−1, had the lowest potential for dew formation. Dew yield estimation is very sensitive to the choice of the heat transfer coefficient. The uncertainty analysis of the heat transfer coefficient using eight different parameterizations revealed that the parameterization used in this study – the Richards (2004) formulation – gives estimates that are similar to the average of all methods and are neither much lower nor much higher than the majority of other parameterizations and the largest differences occur for the very low values of daily dew yield. Trend analysis results revealed a significant (p<0.05) negative trend in the yearly dew yield in most parts of Iran during the last 4 decades (1979–2018). Such a negative trend in dew formation is likely due to an increase in air temperature and a decrease in relative humidity and cloudiness over the 40 years.
Oceanic moisture sources contributing to wintertime Euro-Atlantic blocking
Authors: Yamamoto Ayako , Nonaka Masami , Martineau Patrick , Yamazaki Akira , Kwon Young-Oh , Nakamura Hisashi , Taguchi Bunmei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Although conventionally attributed to dry dynamics, increasing evidence points to a key role of moist dynamics in the formation and maintenance of blocking events. The source of moisture crucial for these processes, however, remains elusive. In this study, we identify the moisture sources responsible for latent heating associated with the wintertime Euro-Atlantic blocking events detected over 31 years (1979–2010). To this end, we track atmospheric particles backward in time from the blocking centres for a period of 10 d using an offline Lagrangian dispersion model applied to atmospheric reanalysis data. The analysis reveals that 28 %–55 % of particles gain heat and moisture from the ocean over the course of 10 d, with higher percentages for the lower altitudes from which particles are released. Via large-scale ascent, these moist particles transport low-potential-vorticity (PV) air of low-altitude, low-latitude origins into the upper troposphere, where the amplitude of blocking is the most prominent, in agreement with previous studies. The PV of these moist particles remains significantly lower compared to their dry counterparts throughout the course of 10 d, preferentially constituting blocking cores. Further analysis reveals that approximately two-thirds of the moist particles source their moisture locally from the Atlantic, while the remaining one-third of moist particles source it from the Pacific. There is also a small fraction of moist particles that take up moisture from both the Pacific and Atlantic basins, which undergo a large-scale uplift over the Atlantic using moisture picked up over both basins. The Gulf Stream and Kuroshio and their extensions as well as the eastern Pacific northeast of Hawaii not only provide heat and moisture to moist particles but also act as “springboards” for their large-scale, cross-isentropic ascent, where its extent strongly depends on the humidity content at the time of the ascent. While the particles of Atlantic origin swiftly ascend just before their arrival at blocking, those of Pacific origin begin their ascent a few days earlier, after which they carry low-PV air in the upper troposphere while undergoing radiative cooling just as dry particles. A previous study identified a blocking maintenance mechanism, whereby low-PV air is selectively absorbed into blocking systems to prolong blocking lifetime. As they used an isentropic trajectory analysis, this mechanism was regarded as a dry process. We found that these moist particles that are fuelled over the Pacific can also act to maintain blocks in the same manner, revealing that what appears to be a blocking maintenance mechanism governed by dry dynamics alone can, in fact, be of moist origin.
Inovasi Kebudayaan: Tari Chit Ngiat Pan: Refleksi Hubungan Sosial atas Semboyan “Tong Ngin Fan Ngin Jit Jong”
Authors: Nirmala Yessi , Sulaiman Aimie , Cholillah Jamilah 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang inovasi yang salah satunya adalah inovasi kebudayaan. Kebudayaan yang dikaji merupakan kebudayaan yang terbentuk dari hasil budidaya atau kreativitas manusia yang disebut dengan seni. Seni yang dimaksud adalah seni tari. Fokus pada penelitian ini adalah membahas terkait bagaimana refleksi hubungan sosial atas semboyan “Tong Ngin Fan Ngin Jit Jong” pada Tari Chit Ngiat Pan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis interpretatif. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik obesrvasi, wawancara informan yang ditentukan dengan teknik sampling purposive, dan dokumentasi. Teori yang digunakan dalam menganalisis penelitian adalah teori Interaksionisme Simbolik oleh Herbert Blumer dengan tiga hal prinsip utama yaitu meaning, language dan tought. Peneliti menggunakan simbol tari sebagai unit analisis yakni gerak, tata busana, dan tata rias. Pemaknaan (meaning) pada Tari Chit Ngiat Pan menunjukkan adanya penyesuaian dengan makna solidaritas yakni “Tong Ngin Fan Ngin Jit Jong”yang digali lewat simbol tari. Semboyan tersebut merupakan kunci dari penciptaan Tari Chit Ngiat Pan selain dari mengangkat kebudayaan Etnis Tionghoa. Bahasa (language) di peroleh sebagai hasil interaksi dari sesama penari bahwa Tari Chit Ngiat Pan diciptakan berawal dari tujuan kompetisi. Pikiran (tought) adalah kompetisi yang di ikuti adalah suatu tujuan untuk memperoleh kemenangan sehingga dapat melangkah ke tahap internasional. Adanya pemanfataan semboyan “Tong Ngin Fan Ngin Jit Jong”melahirkan akulturasi yang menunjukkan adanya solidaritas antar Etnis Melayu Dan Etnis Tionghoa di Bangka Belitung yang ditunjukkan kembali melalui seni tari.
Estrategias de marketing digital para entrenadores de tenis
Authors: Crespo Dualde Andrés 
Published: August 2021

El presente artículo pretende destacar la oportunidad que el tenis brinda a los entrenadores desde un punto de vista económico mediante la aplicación de una metodología de trabajo basada en estrategias de marketing digital. Para ello, se empieza por definir aquellas empleadas regularmente por las empresas para maximizar el beneficio y la imagen del entrenador como profesional. Seguidamente, se lleva a cabo una revisión de las principales investigaciones sobre el tema realizadas en tenis. Se presenta un caso práctico en el que se proponen distintas estrategias que pueden ser implementadas por el entrenador tal y como se sugiere en el artículo, o modificadas y desarrolladas de acuerdo a las necesidades del mismo y a las características de su situación. Finalmente, se plantean ciertas reflexiones y conclusiones en relación a la aplicación práctica de estas estrategias.
INTERNAL RESONANCE FOR POWER TRANSFORMER INTERACTED WITH CABLE TRANSIENTS
Authors: Nassar Alyaa A. , Taalab Abdel-Maksoud I. , Izzularab Mohamed A. , Elkalashy Nagy I. 
Published: August 2021

Power transformers may be subjected to switching surges or fault events that may be responsible for internal transformer resonance. This paper deals with two scenarios of cable-transformer resonance. The first resonance case is due to single-phase earth fault, the second resonance is due to capacitor energization. These two situations lead to excessive transient overvoltages in the secondary side of the power transformer. The effect of various factors on these transient overvoltages is studied. The study is performed on three-phase 155 MVA power transformer. Fast Fourier transform is used for analysis and defining resonance frequencies. Also, phase-plane diagram and discrete wavelet transform are used for internal resonance feature extraction. The results confirm overvoltage occurrence on the low voltage side of power transformer behind cable due to cable-transformer resonance.
OPTIMIZATION AND SIZING OF AN ISLAND MICROGRID BASED ON PHOTOVOLTAIC/FUEL CELL (PV/FC) IN KSA
Authors: Samy M. M. , Alkhuzaii K. A. 
Published: August 2021

The major goal of this research manuscript is to conduct economical and feasibility studies of an island photovoltaic/fuel cell (PV/FC) hybrid system. It has been designed to feed electricity to a remote area positioned in albaha zone in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. To achieve this mission, all system devices are modelled and simulated via optimization mechanisms. An objective function is formulated relied on the total annual cost (TAC). An optimization mechanism, the Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) has been applied to obtain the optimum number of the photovoltaic (PV) panels, the electrolyzers; the H2 storage tanks the fuel cells (FCs) and the number of batteries for the proposed system with the least total net present value (TNPV) of the hybrid system. The loss of power supply probability (LPSP) has been utilized to improve the performance of the proposed system. The premier estimation fluctuation effect of the FC, the electrolyzer and the H2 storage tanks on the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) has been applied in the sensitivity test.
HEAVY-LIGHT MESONS IN THE SYMMETRIES OF EXTENDED NONRELATIVISTIC QUARK MODEL
Authors: Maireche Abdelmadjid 
Published: August 2021

In present work, the modified Schrödinger equation (MSE) is analytically solved. The Heavy-Light Mesons (HLM) under modified nonrelativistic quark-antiquark potential, are extended to the symmetries of noncommutative quantum mechanics (NCQM), using the generalized Bopp’s shift method. The energy a spectrum of HLM has been investigated in the framework of the perturbative quantum chromodynamics (PQCD) extended nonrelativistic quark model. The new energy eigenvalues and the corresponding Hamiltonian operator are calculated in the 3-dimensional noncommutative real space phase (NC: 3D-RSP) symmetries. The masses of the scalar, vector, pseudoscalar, and pseudovector for (B, Bs , D and Ds) mesons have been calculated in (NC: 3D-RSP). Moreover, using the perturbation approach, we found that the perturbative solutions of discrete spectrum can be expressed by the parabolic cylinder functions function, Gamma function, the discreet atomic quantum numbers (j, l, s, m) of the ǪǬ state and (the spin independent and spin dependent) parameters (a, b, g, h), in addition to noncommutativity parameters. Furthermore, we have shown that the total complete degeneracy of new energy levels of HLM was changed to become equals to the new value 3n2 instead to the old values n2 in ordinary quantum mechanics. Our obtained results are in good agreement with the already existing literature in NCQM.
A SIMPLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF MOSAPRIDE BY DIAZOTIZATION METHOD
Authors: Pasha Chand , Narayana B. 
Published: August 2021

A facile spectrophotometric method for the determination of mosapride is described. This method is based on the reaction of mosapride with nitrite in acid medium to form diazonium ion, which is coupled with acetylacetone or ethyl acetoacetate in basic medium to form azo dyes, which shows absorption maxima at 402 or 422 nm. The method obeys Beer’s law in the concentration range of 0.4-13.5 μgml-1 of mosapride with acetylacetone and 0.5-17.0 μgml-1 of mosapride with ethyl acetoacetate. The molar absorptivity and Sandell’s sensitivity of mosapride-acetylacetone and mosapride-ethyl acetoacetate azo dyes are 1.026x104 lmol-1cm-1, 4.484 x 10-3 μgcm-2 and 1.097x104 lmol-1cm-1, 4.193x10-3 μgcm-2 respectively. The dye formed is stable for 8 hrs. The optimum reaction conditions and other analytical parameters are evaluated. No interference observed from common excipients. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of mosapride in pharmaceutical samples.
Comparison of three interventional approaches to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia in intensive care units (ICUs): A clinical trial study
Authors: Zarinfar Nader , Ghaznavi-Rad Ehsanollah , Mahmoodiyeh Behnam , Reyhani Azita 
Published: August 2021

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is an infectious pulmonary disease that develops after 48 hours of ventilation. To date, several methods have been proposed to reduce VAP occurrence, such as the VAP prevention bundle, which involves raising the head of the bed, reducing sedation, avoiding deep vein thrombosis, and preventing peptic ulcer in the gastrointestinal system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of personnel in hand washing, case airway suctioning, and systematic monitoring in the prevention of VAP.
Methods: In the current clinical trial, 129 patients hospitalized and intubated at Vali-e-Asr Hospital ICU in Arak, Iran, were included in the study and randomized to one of the three VAP prevention methods: group A, VAP prevention bundle measures; group B, group A measures plus washing of patients’ mouth with 0.12% chlorhexidine and suction of secretion every six hours; and finally group C, group B measures plus 72-hour suction package. Demographic information, VAP diagnosis, and outcome of each patient were recorded in the special checklist.
Results: The age of the patients ranged from 18 years to 93 years with a mean of 54.6 ± 21.8 years. There was no significant difference in age, sex, Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS), and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) between the three groups. However, there is a significant relationship between chest X-ray (CXR) index and pneumonia in the three groups (p < 0.05). The prevalence of pneumonia is generally seen to be higher in patients who were local, diffuse, or patchy than those who had no infiltration (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: This study showed that the application of VAP prevention bundle measures, mouthwash with chlorhexidine, personnel hand washing, airway suctioning, and systematic monitoring is an efficient approach to the prevention of VAP in ICUs.
‘Tantum in Domino’: Tertullian’s Interpretation of 1 Corinthians 7 in His Ad Uxorem
Authors: Ford Coleman 
Published: August 2021

Tertullian of Carthage (c. AD 155–240) is most remembered for his adherence to the Montanist sect and subsequent moral rigidity. While various opinions exist as to the Montanist influence upon his writings, signs of such adherence are evident from an early period. This is true of his treatise Ad uxorem, written in the early third century. His views of marriage, specifically in light of the Pauline injunctive from 1 Corinthians 7:39, provide readers with an early, and relatively unexplored, perspective on Christian marriage. This essay examines this early treatise from Tertullian, and his interpretation of Paul, in order to better understand the complexities of Tertullian’s early view of marriage. Addressing the work of Elizabeth Clark on this topic, this essay presents the tantum in Domino (‘only in the Lord’) phrase as pivotal for understanding Tertullian’s view of marriage (and subsequent remarriage) as a created good.
n. 42 - FILANTROPÍA ESTRATÉGICA Y EDUCACIÓN. APUNTES A PARTIR DE LA REFERENCIA A UN CASO EN URUGUAY, ARGENTINA Y BRASIL
Authors: Martinis Pablo Lopez 
Published: August 2021

El texto aborda una forma específica de intervención del sector empresarial privado en la educación: el financiamiento de experiencias educativas. Partiendo de la base de los procesos globales descritos por Ball (2014) consistentes en el desmontaje de la responsabilidad de los estados nacionales por el desarrollo de la educación púbica y su sustitución por alternativas basadas en lógicas de mercado, el texto se detiene en una caracterización de formas de filantropía estratégica en Uruguay, Argentina y Brasil. Tomando como base la modalidad de “donaciones especiales” existente en Uruguay, mediante la cual se estimula a través de exoneraciones fiscales el financiamiento por parte de empresas de proyectos educativos, se centra el análisis en la empresa que mayores montos de recursos dona en Uruguay: Tenaris Global Services. Se da cuenta de la estructura de promoción de proyectos educativos propios que tiene montada esta empresa, mostrando inicialmente su actuación en Uruguay, Argentina y Brasil. A partir del análisis de este caso, se aprecia como la empresa privada articula iniciativas que van desde la cooperación con fundaciones ubicadas en el ámbito privado hasta secretarías de educación de nivel municipal. En su conjunto, el trabajo pretende ser una introducción a un conjunto de estudios en desarrollo acerca de la expansión de soluciones de mercado para los problemas de la educación pública y su vínculo con formas de filantropía estratégica.
A Case Study of Topnotchers' Preparations and Contributory Attributes in Passing the Licensure Examination for Teachers
Authors: Albite Richel 
Published: August 2021

This paper explores the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) experience of Bachelor in Elementary Education (BEEd) topnotchers of the University of Southeastern Philippines (USeP) Tagum-Mabini. This qualitative single case study sought to determine topnotchers preparations and attributes deemed contributory to successful topping of the LET. Data were obtained through interviews from the seven (7) purposively sampled participants who were the pioneering batches of LET topnotchers in the BEEd program, covering years 2011-2015. Semi-structured in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted to gather results for an information-rich case study. Qualitative data analysis was applied identifying emergent categories and themes based on participants quotes excerpted from interview transcripts. Findings indicate that BEEd topnotchers preparations consisted of the following: goal setting and knowing oneself; interest in reading and overlearning the material; being test-wise and understanding the nature of the LET; and attending a LET review program and committing to it. Five strong contributory attributes were also revealed such as: having metacognitive test-taking skill; strong faith in God; good support system; solid foundation in college; and active participation in a study group. Majority of them expressed their College (the College of Teacher Education and Technology) contribution and influence to their success through competency-based instruction, quality faculty and LET-type assessment. More intensive and extensive training and enhancement which focuses on the identified preparations and contributory attributes may be targeted to produce a common ground for effective teaching-learning practice for future graduates.