bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cumulative Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Associated Risk Factors Among Frontline Health Care Workers in Paris, France: The SEROCOV Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hausfater Pierre , Boutolleau David , Lacombe Karine , Beurton Alexandra , Dumont Margaux , Constantin Jean-Michel , Ghosn Jade , Combes Alain , Cury Nicolas , Guedj Romain , Djibré Michel , Bompard Rudy , Mazerand Sandie , Pourcher Valérie , Gimeno Linda , Marois Clemence , Teyssou Elisa , Marcelin Anne-Geneviève , Hajage David , Tubach Florence 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective

With the COVID-19 pandemic, documenting whether health care workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 contamination and identifying risk factors is of major concern.
Methods

In this multicenter prospective cohort study, HCWs from frontline departments were included in March and April 2020 and followed for 3 months. SARS-CoV-2 serology was performed at month 0 (M0), M1, and M3 and RT-PCR in case of symptoms. The primary outcome was laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at M3. Risk factors of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at M3 were identified by multivariate logistic regression.
Results

Among 1,062 HCWs (median [interquartile range] age, 33 [28-42] years; 758 [71.4%] women; 321 [30.2%] physicians), the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection at M3 was 14.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] [12.5; 16.9]). Risk factors were the working department specialty, with increased risk for intensive care units (odds ratio 1.80, 95%CI [0.38; 8.58]), emergency departments (3.91 [0.83; 18.43]) and infectious diseases departments (4.22 [0.92; 18.28]); active smoking was associated with reduced risk (0.36 [0.21; 0.63]). Age, sex, professional category, number of years of experience in the job or department, and public transportation use were not significantly associated with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection at M3.
Conclusion

The rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection in frontline HCWs was 14.6% at the end of the first COVID-19 wave in Paris and occurred mainly early. The study argues for an origin of professional in addition to private life contamination and therefore including HCWs in the first-line vaccination target population. It also highlights that smokers were at lower risk.
Trial registration:

The study has been registered on ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04304690 first registered on 11/03/2020.
Safety and Efficacy of Anti-Inflammatory Therapy in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Niu Ying , Bai Nan , Ma Ying , Zhong Peng-Yu , Shang Yao-Sheng , Wang Zhi-Lu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The inflammation hypothesis of atherosclerosis has been put forward more than 20 years. Although many animal experiments have suggested that anti-inflammatory therapy can inhibit the atherosclerotic process, the efficacy of anti-inflammatory therapy for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is still controversial. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with CAD.
Method
We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials about the safety and efficacy of anti-inflammatory therapy in patients with CAD. The relevant randomized controlled trials were included by searching PubMed, EMBASE, web of science and Cochrane Library database. The primary outcome was the composite outcome of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke. The secondary outcomes included MI, coronary revascularization, cardiovascular death, all-cause death and stroke. The relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for outcome events were calculated by the fixed effects model, and trial sequential analysis was applied to assess the results.
Result
A total of ten randomized controlled trials and 61065 patients with CAD was included (32227 patients receiving the anti-inflammatory therapy, 28937 patients without receiving the anti-inflammatory therapy). Compared with patients without receiving the anti-inflammatory therapy, the anti-inflammatory therapy significantly reduced the incidence of the primary outcome in patients with CAD (RR 0.93, 0.89-0.98, P=0.006). In addition, the anti-inflammatory therapy can also reduce the risk of MI (RR 0.90, 0.84-0.96, P=0.002) and coronary revascularization (RR 0.74, 0.66-0.84, P <0.00001) remarkably. However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of cardiovascular death (RR 0.93, 0.85-1.02, P=0.12), all-cause death (RR 1.00, 0.93-1.06, P=0.88) and stroke (RR 0.94, 0.83-1.07, P=0.36) between two groups.
Conclusions
The anti-inflammatory therapy can reduce the incidence of primary outcome in patients with CAD, especially the risk of MI and coronary revascularization (Registered by PROSPERO, CRD 42020220315).
Pilot Study of Repeated Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption in Patients with Mild Alzheimer's Disease with an Implantable Ultrasound Device
Authors: Epelbaum Stephane , Burgos Ninon , Canney Michael , Matthews Dawn , Houot Marion , Santin Mathieu D. , Desseaux Carole , Bouchoux Guillaume , Stroer Sebastian , Martin Cyril , Habert Marie-Odile , Levy Marcel , Bah Aicha , Martin Karine , Delatour Benoît , Riche Maximilien , Dubois Bruno , Belin Lisa , Carpentier Alexandre 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Temporary disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) using pulsed ultrasound leads to the clearance of both amyloid and tau from the brain, increased neurogenesis, and mitigation of cognitive decline in pre-clinical models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) while also increasing BBB penetration of therapeutic antibodies. The goal of this pilot clinical trial was to investigate the safety and the efficacy of this approach in patients with mild AD using an implantable ultrasound device.Methods: An implantable, 1 MHz ultrasound device (SonoCloud-1) was extradurally implanted under local anesthesia in the skull of 10 mild AD patients to target the left supra-marginal gyrus. Over 3.5 months, seven ultrasound sessions in combination with intravenous infusion of microbubbles were performed twice per month to temporarily disrupt the BBB. 18F-Florbetapir and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) imaging were performed on a combined PET/MRI scanner at inclusion and at four and eight months after initiation of sonications to monitor brain metabolism and amyloid levels along with cognitive evaluations. Evolution of cognitive and neuroimaging features were compared to that of a matched sample of control participants.Results: A total of 63 BBB opening procedures were performed in nine subjects. The procedure was well-tolerated. A non-significant decrease in amyloid accumulation at four months of -6.6% (SD=7.2%) on 18F-Florbetapir PET imaging in the sonicated gray matter targeted by the ultrasound transducer was observed compared to baseline in six subjects that completed treatments and who had evaluable imaging scans. No differences in longitudinal change in glucose metabolism were observed compared to neighboring or contralateral regions or to the change observed in the same region in ADNI participants. No significant effect on cognition evolution was observed in comparison to the ADNI participants as expected due to the small sample size and duration of the trial.Conclusions: These results demonstrate the safety of ultrasound-based BBB disruption and potential of this technology to be used as a therapy for AD patients. They support further research of this technique in a larger clinical trial with a device designed to sonicate larger volumes of tissue and in combination with disease modifying drugs to further enhance the effects observed. Trial registration: NCT03119961 (clinicaltrials.gov)
Research On Deformation Mechanism and Load Effects of Three-Roller Bending Process For Large Gear Teeth Profile
Authors: Feng Zhiyan , Zhao Shengdun , Fei Liangyu , Xu Hongtu , Zhou Hao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of large amount of material cutting waste or large forming load when large gear profile forming adopts overall cutting or precision forging process, this paper proposed a three-roller bending process(TRBP) for large gear teeth profile, and analyzed the deformation mechanism of the rack bending, meanwhile the gear chain for roll forming was designed. Finite element analysis(FEA) was carried out to numerically simulate the load effects of both precision forging process and the TRBP for the large gear teeth profile in 17CrNiMo6. The effects of deformation force and strain of TRBP for large gear teeth profile were analyzed. The results showed that as the deformation temperature and speed increase, the deformation force and strain required by the gear profile gradually changes. And the reasonable parameter of TRBP is around 750°C of deformation temperature and 0.5mm · s-1 of speed. Compared with the precision forging process under same boundary conditions, the deformation force of the gear profile TRBP has decreased by about 99% which could significantly reduce the tonnage requirement of deforming equipment.
Adaptive Evolution and Phylogenetic Analyses in Pinellia based on Chloroplast Genomes
Authors: Cui Ning , Chen Weixu , Li Xiwen , Wang Ping 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background Pinellia Tenore (Araceae) is a genus of perennial herbaceous plants, all of which have medicinal value. The chloroplast (cp) genome data of Pinellia are scarce, and the phylogenetic relationship and gene evolution remain unclear. Methods and results In this study, we sequenced and annotated the Pinellia pedatisecta cp genome and combined it with previously published genomes for other Pinellia species. We used bioinformatics methods to analyse the genomic structure, repetitive sequences, interspecific variation, divergence hotspots, phylogenetic relationships, divergence time estimation and selective pressure of four Pinellia plastomes. Results showed that the cp genomes of Pinellia varied in length between 168,178 (P. pedatisecta MN046890) and 164,013 bp (P. ternata KR270823). A total of 68–111 SSR loci were identified as candidate molecular markers for further genetic diversity study. Eight mutational hotspot regions were determined, including psbI-trnG-UCC, psbM-rpoB, ndhJ-trnT-UGU, trnP-UGG-trnW-CCA, ndhF-trnN-GUU, ndhG-ndhE, ycf1-rps15 and trnR-ycf1. Gene selection pressure suggested that four genes were subjected to positive selection. Phylogenetic inferences based on the complete cp genomes and their protein-coding sequences revealed a sister relationship between Pinellia and Arisaema plants whose divergence was estimated to occur around 22.48 million years ago. All Pinellia plants formed a monophyletic evolutionary clade in which P. peltata, rather than P. pedatisecta, earlier diverged, indicating that P. pedatisecta is not the basal taxon of Pinellia but P. peltata may be. Conclusions The cp genomes of Pinellia will provide valuable information for species classification, identification, molecular breeding and evolutionary exploration of the genus Pinellia.
TCN1 is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlates with Immune Infiltrates in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Haining , Guo Liping , Cai Zhigang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Around the world Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Lung adenocarcinomas are among the most common diagnosed forms of lung cancer, whose overall survival has not improved significantly, which makes finding an effective therapeutic target vital. Transcobalamin (TCN1) is a vitamin B12 binding protein which regulates cobalamin homeostasis. In tumor tissues, TCN1 is expressed highly, and its expression is correlated with cancer aggressiveness and poor prognosis according to recent studies and bioinformatic analyses. However, its effect on lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is unknown. Methods: We evaluated whether TCN1 shows diagnostic and prognostic value in LUAD using bioinformatic analysis. In particularly, various databases and analysis tools were used to determine TCN1’s relationship with LUAD, including TCGA, GTEx, GEO, STRING and TISIDB. Results: As compared to normal lung tissue, the level of TCN1 expression in LUAD tissues was significantly higher. According to univariate Cox statistics, high expression levels of TCN1 correlate with poor OS (overall survival) in LUAD. Moreover, based on a multivariate Cox analysis, TCN1 expression was independently correlated with OS. GO/KEGG and GSEA indicated enrichment in epidermal cell differentiation, keratinocyte differentiation, neuroactive ligand receptor interaction, epithelial mesenchymal transition and TNFA signaling via NFKB. Furthermore, TCN1 is associated with immune infiltration based on an analysis of immune cell infiltration. Conclusions: In summary, TCN1 could be used as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker and provide deeper perspectives for the development of therapies and prognostic markers in LUAD.
Hydrophobic Adsorbent Prepared from Spent Methanol-to-propylene Catalyst for Directional Adsorption of High COD Oily Wastewater
Authors: Yong Xiaojing , Su Hui , Zhao Nana , Jin Zhengwei , Yao Min , Ma Yulong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Spent methanol-to-propylene (MTP) catalysts have a large specific surface area and high porosity but are usually disposed of in landfills directly, and recycling has rarely been reported. In this study, the spent MTP catalyst was moderately dealuminized with organic acids and etched with alkali solvent to increase its specific surface area, further silanized by octyl triethoxy silane (OTS). A novel superhydrophobic adsorbent covered with -Si(CH2)7CH3 groups was obtained. The characterization of XRD, SEM, FTIR and XPS shows that the adsorbent maintains a typical ZSM-5 zeolite structure, and the -Si(CH2)7CH3 group is successfully grafted into the sample, not only on the surface but also in some pore space. Taking high chemical oxygen demand (COD) wastewater as the object, the influence of contract time and pH temperature on COD removal was investigated. The removal process could be better depicted by the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo second-order dynamic model; moreover, the results of the thermodynamic study (∆G is −79.35 kJ/mol, ∆S is 423.68 J/mol∙K, and ∆H is 46.91 kJ/mol) show that the adsorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process. These findings indicate that the modified spent MTP catalyst has potential application for the removal of COD from wastewater.
The Cost-effectiveness of Improving Indoor Air Ventilation for the Prevention of Covid-19 in Commercial Spaces
Authors: Zafari Zafar , de Oliveira Pedro M. , Gkantonas Savvas , Ezeh Chinenye , Muennig Peter Alexander 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective: Airborne infection from aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 poses an economic challenge for the large number of small businesses without existing heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. Standalone units have been recommended, but are costly and may not achieve adequate air exchange to prevent infection.Study design: Cost-effectiveness analysis with Monte Carlo simulation.Methods: We built a probabilistic decision-analytic model in a Monte Carlo simulation that examines aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in an indoor space. As a case study, we modeled a poorly ventilated indoor restaurant. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of improving ventilation rate to 12 air changes per hour (ACH), the equivalent of hospital-grade filtration systems used in emergency departments. Our base-case scenario assumes that the mean year-round prevalence of actively infectious cases in the community surrounding the restaurant is 1%, and that 50% of patrons were fully vaccinated. Our best-case scenario assumes a community prevalence of 0.1% and 70% of patrons vaccinated, and our worst-case scenario assumes a community prevalence of 2% and 0% of patrons vaccinated. We also provide a customizable online tool.Results: All 3 scenarios resulted in a net cost-savings and infections averted. For the base-case scenario, improving ventilation to 12 ACH was associated with 33 (95% Credible Interval [CrI]: 18-50) aerosol infections averted over one year, producing an estimated cost savings of -$97,467 (95% CrI: -$156,760, -$50,877) and 0.84 (95% CrI: 0.46, 1.40) quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained. Conclusions: It is cost-effective to improve indoor ventilation in small businesses in older buildings that lack HVAC systems during the pandemic.
Diagnostic Value of NT-proBNP and Left Ventricular Filling Pressure in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: Mansur Abeera , Zartash Syeda Huma , Rasool Zain , Sarwar Shahbaz , Nadeem Nimra , Saleem Sidra 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe diagnosis of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) in Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD) patients is complex, NT-pro BNP interpretation in such a setting is complicated. The aim of this study is to determine the cutoff for NT-proBNP in CKD patients with ADHF. Methods: In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, 85 hospitalized patients were evaluated, 66 had CKD. All patients had clinical evidence of volume overload. NT-proBNP and eGFR were assessed in all patients. Left Ventricular Filling Pressure (LVFP) was measured to confirm the diagnosis of ADHF. Results: NT-proBNP was higher in volume overloaded patients with age more than 75 years as compared to those less than 75 years. NT-proBNP was higher in patients with CKD compared to non CKD patients. NT-proBNP progressively increased according to the CKD stage. The cutoff of NT- proBNP in patients with clinical evidence of volume overload and CKD was 1750 pg/ml and 2760 pg/ml in patients with high LVFP. In CKD patients with clinical volume overload and a high LVFP the NT-proBNP cutoff value was 3737pg/ml. There was a positive correlation of NT-BNP with LVFP and diastolic dysfunction. Conclusion: NT-proBNP has utility for the diagnosis of ADHF. It is higher in the CKD population and rises progressively with CKD stages. The cutoff for the diagnosis of ADHF in CKD patients is 3737 pg/ml in the setting of confirmed evidence of ADHF with a high LVFP.
“The DEA Would Come In And Destroy You”: A Qualitative Study of Fear And Unintended Consequences Emerging From Restrictive Opioid Prescribing Policies In West Virginia
Authors: Sedney Cara L , Haggerty Treah , Dekeseredy Patricia , Nwafor Divine , Caretta Martina Angela , Brownstein Henry H. , Pollini Robin A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: West Virginia has one of the highest rates of opioid overdose related deaths, and is known as the epicenter of the opioid crisis in the United States. In an effort to reduce opioid-related harms, SB 273 was signed in 2018, and aimed to restrict opioid prescribing in West Virginia. SB 273 was enacted during a time when physician arrests and convictions had been increasing for years and were becoming more prevalent and more publicized. This study aims to better understand the impact of the legislation on patients and providers.Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted for a qualitative content analysis with 20 general practitioners and specialists practicing throughout West Virginia.Results: Four themes emerged, 1. Fear of disciplinary action, 2. Exacerbation of opioid prescribing fear due to restrictive legislation, 3. Resulting care shifts and treatment gaps, and 4. Conversion to illicit substances. The clinicians recognized the harms of inappropriate prescribing and how this could affect their patients. Decreases in opioid prescribing were already occurring prior to the law implementation. Disciplinary actions against opioid prescribers and restrictive opioid prescribing policies contributed to prescriber fear and shifts in care that led to forced tapering and opioid under-prescribing. Providers felt that taking on patients who legitimately required opioids could jeopardize their career. Conclusion: A wholistic and patient-centered approach should be taken by legislative and disciplinary bodies to ensure patients are not abandoned when disciplinary actions are taken against prescribers or new legislation is passed.
The Landscape of Receptor-Mediated Precision Cancer Combination Therapy: A Single-Cell Perspective
Authors: Ahmadi Saba , Sukprasert Pattara , Vegesna Rahulsimham , Sinha Sanju , Schischlik Fiorella , Artzi Natalie , Khuller Samir , Schäffer Alejandro , Ruppin Eytan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The availability of single-cell transcriptomics data opens new opportunities for rational design of combination cancer treatments. Mining such data, we employed combinatorial optimization techniques to explore the landscape of optimal combination therapies in solid tumors including brain, head and neck, melanoma, lung, breast and colon cancers. We assume that each individual therapy can target any one of 1269 genes encoding cell surface receptors, which may be targets of CAR-T, conjugated antibodies or coated nanoparticle therapies. As a baseline case, we studied the killing of at least 80% of the tumor cells while sparing more than 90% of the non-tumor cells in each patient, as a putative regimen. We find that in most cancer types, personalized combinations composed of at most four targets are then sufficient. However, the number of distinct targets that one would need to assemble to treat all patients in a cohort accordingly would be around 10 in most cases. Further requiring that the target genes be also lowly expressed in healthy tissues uncovers qualitatively similar trends. However, as one asks for more stringent and selective killing beyond the baseline regimen we focused on, we find that the number of targets needed rises rapidly. Emerging individual promising receptor targets include PTPRZ1, which is frequently found in the optimal combinations for brain and head and neck cancers, and EGFR, a recurring target in multiple tumor types. In sum, this systematic single-cell based characterization of the landscape of combinatorial receptor-mediated cancer treatments establishes first of their kind estimates on the number of targets needed, identifying promising ones for future development.
Design and Algorithm of Intelligent Manufacturing Evaluation Model Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Li Xianwang , Huang Zhongxiang , Ning Wenhui 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Machine learning is gradually developed and applied to more and more fields. Intelligent manufacturing system is also an important system model that many companies and enterprises are designing and implementing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and analyze the model design of Intelligent Manufacturing System Based on machine learning algorithm. The method of this study is to first obtain all the relevant attributes of the intelligent manufacturing system model, and then use machine learning algorithm to delete irrelevant attributes to prevent redundancy and deviation of neural network fitting, make the original probability distribution as close as possible to the distribution when using the selected attributes, and use the ratio of industry average to quantitative expression for measurable and obvious data indicators. As a result, the average running time of the intelligent manufacturing system is 17.35 seconds, and the genetic algorithm occupies 15.63 seconds. The machine learning network takes up 1.72 seconds. Under the machine learning algorithm, the training speed is very high, obviously higher than that of the genetic algorithm, and the BP network is 2.1% higher than the Elman algorithm. The evaluation running speed of the system model design is fast and the accuracy is high. This study provides a certain value for the model design evaluation and algorithm of various systems in the intelligent era.