bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Porous medium convection in a chemically reacting ferrofluid with lower boundary subjected to constant heat flux
Authors: Thomas Nisha Mary , Maruthamanikandan S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The effect of exothermic chemical reaction of zero-order on Bénard-Darcy ferroconvection is investigated using the technique of small perturbation. The eigenvalues associated with an adiabatic lower wall are determined by employing the Galerkin method. The Darcy-Rayleigh number is computed in terms of the parameters pertaining to chemical reaction and ferromagnetic fluid. It is established that, when chemical reaction escalates, there is a considerable shift from linearity and occurrence of asymmetry in the basic temperature profiles. It is ascertained that the threshold of Bénard-Darcy ferroconvection is augmented through the stresses of both mechanisms due to chemical reaction and magnetization, and the ferroconvective instability due to nonlinearity of magnetization is rather inconsequential when chemical reaction is present. It is also shown that the destabilizing feature of magnetic forces resulting from the fluid magnetization is less pronounced when chemical reaction is present.
Hyperstar Decomposition of r-partite complete, Knodel and Fibonacci Hypergraphs
Authors: Reji Kumar K , Mathew Jasmine 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A graph is a representation of a relation between a pair of objects in a set called vertex set. A relation is a set of two-element subsets of the vertex set, called edge set. If the restriction of the two-element subset is relaxed to any number, the corresponding representation is a hypergraph. An r-uniform hypergraph is a Steiner system, in which every pair of nodes is contained in exactly a single edge. Knodel graphs, Fibonacci graphs, and r-partite complete graphs are structures with optimal communication properties. Knodel hypergraph and Fibonacci hypergraph are introduced. Partitioning of the edge set leads to the decomposition of a given graph into sub-structures. If all such sub-structures are isomorphic, the decomposition is an isomorphic decomposition. The isomorphic decomposition of an r-partite hypergraph, Knodel hypergraph, and Fibonacci hypergraph into hyperstars are presented.
Nipah outbreak in Kerala – A network-based study
Authors: Reji Kumar K 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Nipah virus spreads from human to human at a fast pace by contact. It has been realized that very close contact for a long period or direct exposure to excretions of diseased can cause the spread of the virus from one person to another. So avoiding contact with infected is very crucial in the control and eradication of the disease. Getting information about infection in the early stage is an important factor in the planning of isolation of infected and suspected. The contact pattern of humans in society makes a network of individuals. Dynamics of social networks have become a focal point in the mathematical study of the spread of disease in recent years. In normal situations, an individual comes in contact with others due to many reasons. We have contact with our family members, relatives, and friends. We come in contact with others by chance when we are in public places. In the paper, we analyze the recent Nipah outbreak in Kerala and explain the dynamics based on social network analysis. The paper aims to bring into light the importance of a network-based analysis of the infected immediately after the outbreak of the disease. The contact pattern must be closely analyzed to decide who should be quarantined and observed.
A Labeling ‘Sum Modulo Three’ with Verification and an Application
Authors: Shendra Shainy V. , Margaret Joan Jebarani G. , Balaji V. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A new labeling named ‘Sum Modulo Three’ (SMT) is introduced and its verifications on a general single star and general two star are provided. Also an application using the labeling on a general two star is presented.
Oscillatory porous medium ferroconvection with Maxwell-Cattaneo law of heat conduction
Authors: Mathew Soya , Maruthamanikandan S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The scheme of small perturbation is used to address the problem of buoyancy driven convection of Darcy-Brinkman type in a ferromagnetic fluid invoking the Maxwell-Cattaneo law. An analytical solution of the eigenvalue problem involved, encompassing stationary and overstable modes, is obtained by adopting simplified boundary conditions. The mathematical application package MATHEMATICA is adopted to determine the eigenvalue expressions and the critical numbers. It is established that the threshold of Darcy-Brinkman ferroconvection is amplified through the stresses of magnetic and second sound mechanisms and the opposite influence is found to be true due to the presence of porous medium. It is delineated that both the critical frequency of oscillations and aspect ratio of cells of convective heat transfer are susceptible to the different parameters of the study. It is also shown that, as long as the Cattaneo and Prandtl numbers are pretty high, the oscillatory mode of instability is preferred to the stationary mode of ferroconvection.
Preparation of CuO1-x-Mnx (x= 0.03, 0.05, 0.07) and MATLAB modelling for sustainable energy harvesting applications
Authors: Udhaya Sankar G. , Yuvakkumar R. , Ravi G. , RajKumar G. , Ganesa Moorthy C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A different Mnx(x= 0.03, 0.05, 0.07) doped on CuO1-x has been successfully synthesised by a co-precipitation method by maintaining a pH-12. The nature of Mn doped CuO nanoparticles has been characterized with the help of X- Ray Diffraction (XRD). The Mn in the lattice sites of CuO gives the monoclinic crystal structure with C2/c space group which has been confirmed through JCPDS card no: 05-0661. The morphology variations with Mnx doping have been examined with the help of field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Additionally, band properties have also been noticed via Ultraviolet-Visible (UV) Spectroscopy. The band gap of material has been calculated as 2.39 eV, 1.96 eV and 2.25 eV for energy harvesting modelling through MATLAB with temperature difference behaviour of material. The thermodynamic modelling has been used for energy harvesting application with the help of MATLAB and the Seebeck coefficient has been calculated for thermoelectric modelling of CuO-Mnx.
A Trust-Based Security Model to Detect Misbehaving Nodes in Internet of Things (IoT) Environment using Logistic Regression
Authors: Prathapchandran K , Janani T 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ensuring authentication in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment is a crucial task because of its unique characteristics which include sensing, intelligence, large scale, selfconfiguring, connectivity, heterogeneity, open and dynamic environment. Besides, every object in the IoT environment should trust other devices with no recommendation or prior knowledge for any network operations. Hence, those characteristics and blindness in communication make security violations in the form of various attacks. Therefore, a trustbased solution is necessary for ensuring security in the IoT environment. Trust is considered as a computational measure represented through a relationship between trustor and trustee, explained in a particular context valued through trust metrics and evaluated by a trust mechanism. The proposed logistic regression-based trust model provides an efficient way to identify and isolate the misbehaving nodes in the RPL (Routing Protocol for Low Power Lossy Networks) based IoT network. It is one of the popularly used routing protocols in IoT, that builds a path especially for the constrained nodes in IoT environments. However, it is vulnerable to many attacks. The proposed model classifies and predicts the node’s behavior (trusted or malicious). This model uses the logistic regression model to predict the node’s behavior based on the integrated trust value which is computed from the direct trust, reputation score, and experience trust. It is primarily designed to address the black hole attack in the IoT environment. The mathematical analysis shows the possibility of the proposed work and the simulation results show the proposed model is better than the existing similar work.
A study on f - derivations and composition on BH-algebras
Authors: Ganesan P. , Kandaraj N. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMotivated by some results on derivations on rings and the generalizations of BCK and BCI-algebras, in 2019, P. Ganesan and N. Kandaraj introduced the notion of derivations on BH - algebras. In this paper, we study the notion of Composition of f - derivations on BH – algebras and investigate simple, interesting and elegant results.
EXPLORING AT MOST TWIN OUTER PERFECT DOMINATION NUMBER FOR GENERAL BINARY TREE AND SOME SPECIAL GRAPHS
Authors: Mahadevan G. , Iravithul Basira A. , Vimala Suganthi M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A set S⊆ V(G) said to be an at most twin outer perfect dominating set if for every vertex v∈V-S, l⩽|N(v)∩S|⩽2 and < V-S> has at least one perfect matching. The minimum cardinality of at most twin outer perfect dominating set is called the at most twin outer perfect domination number and γ

atop
(G) denotes this number. This was initiated by G.Mahadevan.et.al., recently. Here we find this number for general Binary-tree. corona product of paths and cycles and lotus inside graph.
Analysis of MHD pulsatile flow of Jeffrey fluid in a diseased inclined tapered porous artery exposed to an inclined magnetic field
Authors: Padma R. , Tamil Selvi R. , Ponalagusamy R. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this analysis, a theoretical model is proposed to examine the collective effect of slip velocity, magnetic field, and inclination angles on an unsteady non-Newtonian particulate suspension flow in an inclined diseased tapered tube with a porous medium by applying an external inclined magnetic field. By deploying integral transform methods, analytical expressions are obtained for the flow characteristics such as velocity profiles of fluid and particles, wall shear stress, flow rate, and flow resistance. With the aid of numerical computations, the significance of inclination angle, porous medium, and magnetic intensity are analyzed and illustrated graphically. Further, various physiological parameters affecting the flow characteristics are discussed which would facilitate the rheological functions of blood in the field of biology, biomedicine, and engineering sciences.
Fractional derivatives of some special functions using ABR and ABC derivatives
Authors: Prabha R. , Kiruthika S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we present the Atangana Baleanu fractional derivatives of some special functions such as trigonometric, exponential and hyperbolic functions. The AB fractional derivatives are calculated using the formula for RL derivatives and are calculated for all functions which belong to L
1 [a,b]. The importance of these derivatives comes from the fact that certain dissipative phenomena cannot be explained using classical fractional operators.
Study on wind flow around a pentagon plan shape tall building using CFD
Authors: Sobankumar L , Prabavathy S , Vigneshwaran R. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Multi-storey buildings are emerging because of the lack in land availability within urban areas. Mostly, tall buildings are irregular in plan and more complex to wind action. In the present scenario, it is important to study the wind structure interaction for irregular plan shape tall buildings. This paper is focused on understanding the behaviour of pentagon plan shape building under wind load at different wind incident angles 0°, 45°, 90°, 135° and 180°. The wind behaviour is studied using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and turbulence model k- is used for external flow simulation around the tall buildings. The building models are scaled in the ratio 1:300 and wind velocity at inlet is scaled in the ratio 1:5 respectively. From the results, external pressure coefficient on various faces of the buildings, drag coefficient and lift coefficients are determined for pentagon shape building. The maximum positive external pressure coefficient (Cp) is 0.446 had occurred in Face A at 180° wind incident angle and the maximum value of the negative external pressure coefficient (Cp) is 0.388 had occurred in Face D at 135° wind incident angle.
Some Continuation results in Uniquely Geodesic Spaces
Authors: Sreya V.V. , Shaini P. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we prove some continuation results based on essential maps in −uniquely geodesic spaces, which are generalizations of the existing results in Banach spaces. Also, we obtain Leray Schauder principle in −uniquely geodesic spaces which generalizes Leray Schauder principle in the setting of Hyperbolic spaces.
Queuing system behaviour in thermo pack process
Authors: Vanalakshmi R , Maragathasundari S , Kishore Eswar S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Queuing model introduced here defines a batch arrival model with the extra assumption of stages of service. In addition, the system deploys a set up time stage for the pre-processing work to be carried out, which is essential for the stages of service. In addition, we introduce a new factor Reneging that occurs twice in this model during the setup time stage and also during the t7]=, ZO, WZ]pu[sZry, v(W(t7ZJi, RustZ]=r’s, (rr7v([, follows a Poisson distribution, while the service rendered follows a general distribution. Here, we carry out the concept of Compulsory vacation as a maintenance work duration, which helps to reduce the occurrence of service interruption. The model is well elucidated with thermo pack process from mechanical engineering. Thermo pack is the machine that is used as a boiler. Generally, we raise the temperature of oil in the thermo pack. The working principle of the thermo pack is similar to that of an ordinary boiler. It can raise the temperature of the oil from the initial temperature along with the temperature of oil which has been already used once. After the production of hot oil, it is allowed to flow around the mould to keep up the temperature inside the mould. In other cases, this oil can also be used for refining purposes. Nowadays, recent advancements in the thermo pack have led to the creation of new and advanced small size thermo pack for small-scale production. The procedure completed in this structure is considered through Queuing hypothesis. The above process comprises queuing parameters like set up time, stages of process, compulsory vacation process and the concept of types of Reneging. The Queuing issue emerges in the above auxiliary technique is understood by valuable variable strategy. The probability of creating capacity of the line size, duration of line, the number of clients in the framework, holding up time of the clients in the line just as in the framework, usage factor and the inert time of the server are inferred. Numerical delineation and a broadened graphical assessment are undertaken around the conclusion to help the model.
Mathematical Model for Minimizing Cost in Employers Training using Assignment Problem
Authors: Kumar Bharathi Ramesh , Andal S 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Now a day’s many organizations have struggled in how to minimize the employer training cost. Consider the assignment problem for each assigning workers with their own skill set, to task which demand different skills in an efficient manner. It’s a challenging problem that often requires workers to receive additional training. The training of workers is very costly of the employee training in the world. So, in this paper we analyze and minimize the entire training cost. A numerical example is included.
Mathematical Modeling of Type -2 Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor for Cancer
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Gupta Richa , Khurana Pooja 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Diabetes, a fifth leading disease in terms of causing death, is a complex syndrome, characterized by the altered metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates result in the raising of blood glucose level to more than 180 mg/dl cause a condition called Hyperglycemia. Many shreds of evidence are suggesting the positive relationship between diabetes and cancer means diabetic patients are more prone to cancer. Risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes and cancer share some common pathophysiologies as well as treatments and thus type-2 diabetes mellitus may be a predisposing factor for Cancer. The work proposes a generalized mathematical model whose numerical solution depicts the risk of cancer to the one having type-2 diabetes mellitus. In type-2 diabetes, the body neglects to react to the insulin produced by the body itself. A system of differential conditions is utilized for depicting these changes. This model incorporates the concentration of glucose, insulin and cancer growth cells. Taking everything into account, the possibility of having cancer is more in the individuals having longstanding type-2 diabetes than those who do not have diabetes. In the work, we propose a numerical model for the risk of disease to a patient having type 2 diabetes mellitus for quite a while.
ON DIRECT SUM OF FOUR FUZZY GRAPHS
Authors: Henson T. , Santhanalakshmi S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The graph G1, G2 G3 and G4 which is defined by the direct sum of four fuzzy graphs G1⊕G2⊕G3⊕G4 Tins is also proved the effective values. The degree of the vertices is G1⊕G2⊕G3⊕G4 is calculated with the establishment of the regular property and the Connectedness of the Direct Sum of four Fuzzy Graphs.
Uncertainty quantification in the fixation of Drug Dosage to cancer-induced Rats – A computational and Mathematical modeling using Fuzzy evidence theory
Authors: Judith Kiruba R , Deepika A , Ida Malarselvi R , Priscilla R , Irene Hepzibah R , Ramachandra Raja C 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Results of any working out are of practical use only if statistics about their accuracy is also available. This is commonly correct in the molecular and drug design where the accuracy in each model is of vital importance. Valuation of the efficiency of changes presented in a prototypical and quantifiable evaluation of the presentation of changed models necessitates quantity for calculating the full uncertainty in designing the drug molecules, the collective impact from all improbability causes. To novelty, such a quantity is some of the points of our research. In the fuzzy model, the consequent of the fuzzy rule is often determined with degrees of belief or credibility because of vague information originating from evidence not strong enough and “lack of specificity”. In this paper, we present a fuzzy model incorporated with the fuzzy Dempster-Shafer Theory. A well-known example of drug dosage prediction is tested, the prediction results show that our fuzzy modeling is very efficient and has a strong expressive power to represent the complex system with uncertain situations.
Smart fuzzy graph
Authors: Jon Arockiaraj J , Chaarumathi P M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In recent times, the internet of things has gained more popularity. The internet of things connects people, objects and machines apart from distance through cloud based internet. In this paper, we have introduced the smart fuzzy graph along with some basic properties and related concepts. The aim of this paper is to solve some authentic real life problems using smart fuzzy graph.
Bénard-Taylor ferroconvection with time-dependent sinusoidal boundary temperatures
Authors: Maruthamanikandan S , Thomas Nisha Mary , Mathew Soya 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The combined effect of centrifugal acceleration and time-varying boundary temperatures on the onset of convective instability of a rotating magnetic fluid layer is investigated by means of the regular perturbation method. A perturbation expansion in terms of the amplitude of applied temperature field is implemented to effectively deal with the effects of temperature modulation. The criterion for the threshold is established based on the condition of stationary instability manifesting prior to oscillatory convection. The modulated critical Rayleigh number is computed in terms of Prandtl number, magnetic parameters, Taylor number and the frequency of thermal modulation. It is shown that subcritical motion exists only for symmetric excitation and the destabilizing effect of magnetic mechanism is perceived only for asymmetric and bottom wall excitations. It is also delineated that, for bottom wall modulation, rotation tends to stabilize the system at low frequencies and the opposite is true for moderate and large frequencies. Furthermore, it is established that, notwithstanding the type of thermal excitation, the modulation mechanism attenuates the influences of both magnetic stresses and rotation for moderate and large frequencies.
Numerical method for a boundary value problem for a linear singularly perturbed parabolic delay differential equation of reaction-diffusion type with discontinuous source term
Authors: Saminathan Parthiban , Victor Franklin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A singularly perturbed boundary value problem for a linear parabolic second order delay differential equation of reaction-diffusion type with discontinuous source term is considered in the rectangle domain Ω = {(x, t) : 0 < x < 2,0 < t ⩽ T}. Discontinuity occurs in the source term at (d, t) < ∈ Ω. As the highest order space derivative is multiplied by a singular perturbation parameter, the components of the solution exhibit boundary layers at (x,t) = (0,t) and (x,t) = (2,t) and interior layers at (x, t) = (1, t) and/or at (x,t) = (d,t) and (x,t) = (1 + d, t) with respect to the position of (d, t) in Ω. A numerical method which uses classical finite difference scheme on a Shishkin piecewise uniform mesh is suggested to approximate the solution. The method is proved to be first order convergent uniformly for all the values of singular perturbation parameters. Numerical illustrations are presented so that the theoretical results are supported.
Dynamics of A Prey and Two Neutral Predators
Authors: Satyavathi G A L , Paparao A.V , Sobhan Babu K 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We describe a mathematical model for the interaction between three species consists a prey (x1) and two neutral predators (x2, x3), surviving on the common prey (x1). Here all the three species have limited their own natural resources. The system is explained by couple of differential equations. The co-existing state is identified and also characterized the local and global stability analysis at this state. The dynamical behaviour of the system is studied using Numerical simulation. It is shown that the system is globally asymptotically stable.
AN M/M/1/N QUEUE WITH WORKING BREAKDOWNS AND VACATIONS-AN APPROACH TO COST ANALYSIS
Authors: Deepa B. , Kalidass K. , Vijayalakshmi V. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we consider an M/M/1/N queue with working breakdown and two types of server vacations. Sensitivity analysis of the model is performed to aissue with the point of streamlining service rates by limiting the normal expense per unit time using the direct search method.
Fault-tolerant control for delayed interval type-2 fuzzy systems with nonlinear fault input
Authors: Vimal Kumar S. , Raja R. , Indumathi P. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper addresses the stabilization of Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy systems with time delay. In particular, the control system with parameter uncertainties are modeled through an interval type-2 (IT2) T-S fuzzy model, in which the uncertainties are handled via lower and upper membership functions. By developing some new techniques, a fault-tolerant controller is designed to ensure that the closed-loop fuzzy time-delay system is asymptotically stable with nonlinear fault input. Finally, a numerical example that demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed conditions are provided.