bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expanding and Sustaining Breastfeeding in the Sick and Premature Babies in Thailand
Authors: Khorana Meera , Thavonvattana Siriluck , Thussanasupap Benjamas , Sawasdivorn Siraporn 
Published: August 2021

The clinical guidance for human milk (HM) feeding for sick and premature babies in Thailand was developed in 2013 to help improve their breastfeeding rates.ObjectiveTo expand breastfeeding (BF) for sick and premature babies using the clinical guidance, develop a monitoring system, and to integrate the practice into the national routine newborn care for sick babies.MethodVolunteer tertiary care hospitals were recruited to implement the clinical guidance. The development of a monitoring and evaluation system was done by the multidisciplinary team and volunteer hospitals. The integration into routine national care practice was done by including it in the national neonatal service plan of Thailand.ResultsThirty-eight pilot tertiary care hospitals volunteered for implementing the program. The proposed outcome indicators of rate of exclusive BF sick babies at hospital discharge and at 6 months of life for the volunteer hospitals were 62.97% and 41.76%, respectively. Since its integration into the national service plan in 2019, a total of 98 hospitals have been included in the program.ConclusionThe integration of the clinical guidance into the national service plan is essential for sustaining BF of sick, premature babies in the country.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORKING BEHAVIOR AND THE INCIDENCE OF TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS OF WORKERS WITH THE SNEHANDU THEORY
Authors: Farid Ninin Nuryantini , Suwardono Bagus Pratama 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTThere are two types of Diabetes Mellitus (DM), namely Type I DM and Type II DM. Type II DM is caused by the inability of the body to respond to insulin that is produced by the pancreas, thus resulting in an increase in blood glucose levels. Eleven out of twenty workers at the Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga suffered from Type II DM. Observational research with a quantitative approach was conducted through a cross-sectional approach. The population selected was 89 workers at the faculty. The samples were randomly selected with the characteristics of having more than 45 years of age. There were significant variables between working behavior and the incidence of Type II DM including work, last education, and social support. Furthermore, there were insignificant variables between working behavior and the incidence of Type II DM including gender, age, family members, frequency of exercise, behavior intention, personal autonomy, accessibility to information, and action situation. In conclusion, individual’s latest education, employment, and social support had a significant relationship with exercise behavior and the incidence of Type II DM. Keywords: physical exercise, diabetes mellitus, wokers at FKM Universitas Airlangga
ANALYSIS OF MANAGERIAL COMPONENTS IN MOSQUITO VECTORS (AEDES AEGYPTI) CONTROL IN THE BUFFER AREA OF THE CLASS 1 SURABAYA PORT HEALTH OFFICE
Authors: Ramadhani Fauzia Yulianti 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTThe Aedes aegypti index in the buffer area of the Class 1 Surabaya Port Health Office was in accordance with the Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) as stated in the Regulation of the Indonesian Ministry of Health Number 431 of 2007 (431/MENKES/SK/IV/2007) on Technical Guidelines for Control of Environmental Health Risks in Ports/Airports/Cross-Border in the Context of Health Quarantine. The Port Health Office has responsibilities to control environmental risks, one of which was the Aedes aegypti mosquitos in the borders. This study was descriptive observational and aimed to analyze the managerial components in Aedes aegypti mosquito control in the buffer area ofthe Class 1 Surabaya Port Health Office in Surabaya. The research variables (factors that determine control activities) were manpower, money, methods, materials, markets, machines, and information. The research subjects were two officers at Class 1 Surabaya Port Health Office and five cadres who monitored larva. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results explained that manpower, money, materials, market, technology, and information were all in accordance with the SOP of the Surabaya Port Health Office. However, the larva survey method did not comply with the SOP as officers still used the visual method. It was concluded that managerial components in Aedes aegypti control by Class 1 Surabaya Port Health Office followed the SOP except in their larva survey method. The researchers recommended carrying out a larva survey method by taking 1 larva from each container (single larva) at a time. Keywords: Aedes aegypti, control vector, managerial components.
The Structure of Cambrian Deposits of the Vilyui Hemisyneclise, Based on an Integrated Analysis of Drilling and Seismic Data
Authors: Gubin I.A. , Kontorovich A.E. , Korovnikov I.V. , Parfenova T.M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
—We present a model of the stratigraphic and lateral distribution of Cambrian deposits in the Vilyui hemisyneclise, based on an analysis of drilling data and interpretation of seismic data. The study shows a series of formations and sequences penetrated by wells (Syugdzher saddle, Khorgochum monocline, Ygyatta depression, Tyukyan–Chybyda monocline, Arbai–Sinyaya megaswell, etc.). In the areas where the Cambrian was not penetrated by wells, the distribution of Cambrian deposit was inferred based on the available seismic data. The distribution of the Kuonamka Horizon formed by Cambrian organic-rich rocks is characterized in detail. These are the Kumakh and Sinyaya–Kutorgina sequences and the Inikan and Kuonamka formations. It has been found that the Kuonamka Horizon was deposited during two stages, Botomian and Toyonian–early Mayan. The horizon is overlain by younger deposits of the Mayan Stage, with characteristic cross-bedding structures. Schemes of facies zoning of the Cambrian for Botomian, Toyonian–early Mayan, and middle Mayan times were constructed based on the most recent geological and geophysical understanding of the Vilyui hemisyneclise.
Comments: Water Pressures
Authors: Boschee Pam 
Published: August 2021

Drought conditions rated as “moderate or worse” affected 31 US states as of 8 June, as reported by the US National Integrated Drought Information System. Particularly dry are the West and Upper Midwest regions, relevant to the Permian and Bakken, respectively.
While not a record-level drought, attention is turning to the Missouri River in North Dakota where streamflow levels are at low levels for this time of year—about 48% below the seasonal average. About 96% of the water in North Dakota’s rivers and streams flows through it, making it one of the main sources of fresh water for oil and gas production in the Bakken. In the extreme drought, water restrictions could come into play.
Throughout the industry, recycling and reuse of frac and produced water have been studied, and where the chemical makeup of the frac or produced water is suitable for optimal and economical treatment, it has been implemented.
However, Bakken production is typically associated with 1.0 to 1.5 bbl of produced water per barrel of oil (a water cut of approximately 50%). It is highly saline with total dissolved solids (TDS) ranging up to 350,000 mg/L (seawater is about 35,000, or 10 times less salty than Bakken brine). Treatment options for such high TDS levels are limited and often cost-prohibitive.
The Bakken’s produced water volumes increased fourfold since 2008 to about 740 million bbl per year due to increasing volumes per well and increasing water cut. Produced water disposal volumes in the same period increased fivefold to about 680 million bbl per year. More than 95% of saltwater disposal (SWD) targets the Inyan Kara Formation, the lowermost sandstone interval of the Dakota Group.
The increase in SWD volumes has resulted in localized areas of high pressure in the formation in geographic regions associated with high levels of oil and gas activity. This increased pressure affects the economics and risk associated with the drilling of new wells that now require additional intermediate casing strings (“Dakota Strings”), adding a cost of $300,000 to $700,000 per well. About 200 wells to date have been identified with additional casing strings, according to the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC).
Faced with the challenges of high salinity in recycling/reuse of produced water, constraints on SWD injection, freshwater limitations, pressure regulation, and inflated drilling costs, a 2-year project was begun in January 2020 which may hold promise for greater use of the produced water. Participants in the $1.3-million project are EERC, Nuverra Environmental Solutions, and the US Department of Energy.
Efficient Uncertainty Quantification and Data Assimilation via Theory-Guided Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Wang Nanzhe , Chang Haibin , Zhang Dongxiao 
Published: August 2021

SummaryA deep learning framework, called the theory-guided convolutional neural network (TgCNN), is developed for efficient uncertainty quantification and data assimilation of reservoir flow with uncertain model parameters. The performance of the proposed framework in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency is assessed by comparing it to classical approaches in reservoir simulation. The essence of the TgCNN is to take into consideration both the available data and underlying physical/engineering principles. The stochastic parameter fields and time matrix comprise the input of the convolutional neural network (CNN), whereas the output is the quantity of interest (e.g., pressure, saturation, etc.). The TgCNN is trained with available data while being simultaneously guided by theory (e.g., governing equations, other physical constraints, and engineering controls) of the underlying problem. The trained TgCNN serves as a surrogate that can predict the solutions of the reservoir flow problem with new stochastic parameter fields. Such approaches, including the Monte Carlo (MC) method and the iterative ensemble smoother (IES) method, can then be used to perform uncertainty quantification and data assimilation efficiently based on the TgCNN surrogate, respectively. The proposed paradigm is evaluated with dynamic reservoir flow problems. The results demonstrate that the TgCNN surrogate can be built with a relatively small number of training data and even in a label-free manner, which can approximate the relationship between model inputs and outputs with high accuracy. The TgCNN surrogate is then used for uncertainty quantification and data assimilation of reservoir flow problems, which achieves satisfactory accuracy and higher efficiency compared with state-of-the-art approaches. The novelty of the work lies in the ability to incorporate physical laws and domain knowledge into the deep learning process and achieve high accuracy with limited training data. The trained surrogate can significantly improve the efficiency of uncertainty quantification and data assimilation processes.NOTE: This paper is published as part of the 2021 SPE Reservoir Simulation Conference Special Issue.
Effect of Aid for Trade on Financial Development: Exploring the Channel of Manufactured Exports
Authors: GNANGNON SENA KIMM 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Many studies have considered the macroeconomic effects of Aid for Trade (AfT) flows, that is, the part of official development assistance allocated for the development of the trade sector. The present paper aims to expand this literature by investigating the effect AfT flows on financial development notably through channel of manufactured exports. The analysis has covered a set of 120 countries over the period 2002–2017, and relied primarily on the two-step system Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM). Results show that total AfT flows, notably its components AfT for economic infrastructure and AfT for productive capacity promote financial development, and the magnitude of these positive effects rises as countries' share of manufactured exports increases. Additionally, total AfT flows influence positively financial development in countries that diversify their export product basket towards manufactured exports. These findings highlight the key role of AfT flows in promoting financial development in recipient-countries, and therefore call on donor-countries to scale up AfT flows in favour of developing countries, given the importance of financial development for economic development.
Can we scale up a comprehensive school-based eye health programme in Zambia?
Authors: Yong Ai Chee , Buglass Anne , Mwelwa Godfrey , Abdallah Ibrahim , Chan Ving Fai 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Globally, 19 million children have preventable vision impairment simply because refractive and eye health services are inaccessible to most of them. In Zambia, 50,000 school children need spectacle provision. The School-based Eye Health Programme (SEHP) has been identified worldwide as a proven strategy to address childhood blindness. Given the great benefits of it, the Zambian government intends to scale up the programme. This scalability assessment aims to identify and evaluate the essential components of an effective SEHP, determine roles, assess existing capacities within user organisations, identify environmental facilitating and inhibiting factors, and estimate the minimum resources necessary for the scaling up and their proposed scale-up strategies.
Methods

Five elements (innovation, user organisation, resource team, environment, and strategies for horizontal and vertical scaling-up) were assessed guided by the ExpandNet-WHO Nine Steps for Developing a Scaling-Up Strategy. Literature reviews and stakeholders' interviews were conducted to collect data for this assessment. Subsequently, twenty questions in the Worksheets for Developing a Scaling-up Strategy were used to systematically reporting the assessment outcome.
Results

Additional components of SEHP incorporated in Zambia's model enhanced the innovation's credibility and relevance. The resource team was relatively competent in the pilot, and the same team will be employed during the scaling-up. Political instability, the lack of supply chain, and unstable financial supports were identified as inhibiting factors. The objectives of SEHP were aligned with the National Eye Health Strategic Plan 2017–2021 that support the institutionalisation of the SEHP into the existing School Health and Nutrition Programme. For the pace of expansion, replicating SEHP to another district rather than a province will be more realistic.
Conclusion

Scaling up a comprehensive SEHP in Zambia is feasible, provided if sufficient funding is available. Additionally, the pace must be adapted to the local context to ensure that every component within the SEHP is intact.
Three Years Follow-Up Study Showed Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure May Cause Chronic Abnormalities In Transcriptomic Pattern
Authors: Haghighatfard Arvin , Seifollahi Soha , Rajabi Pegah , Rahmani Niloofar , Ghannadzadeh Rojin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The high rate of methamphetamine use disorder among young adults and women of childbearing age makes it imperative to clarify the long-term effects of Methamphetamine exposure on the offspring. Behavioral and cognitive problems had been reported in children with parental Methamphetamine exposure (PME). The present study aimed to assess the acute and chronic effects of PME in molecular regulations and gene expression profiles of children during their first years of life.Methods: All subjects were recruited before birth, and sampling was conducted from the first ten days of birth, twelve months, twenty months, and thirty-six months of age. Finally, 2658 children with PME and 3573 normal children had been finished the follow-up. RNA extraction was operated from blood samples and gene expression profiling was conducted by using the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Genome U133 plus 2.0 Array Platform. Gene expression data were confirmed by Real-time PCR. Results: Gene expression profiling during thirty-six months showed several constant mRNA level alterations in children with PME compared with normal. These genes are involved in several gene ontologies and pathways involved with the immune system, neuronal functions, and bioenergetic metabolism. It seems that Methamphetamine use disorder before and during the pregnancy period may affect the expression profile of children, and these changes could remain years after birth. Affected genes have some similarities with the gene expression patterns of addiction, psychiatric disorders, neurodevelopmental disabilities, and immune deficiencies. Conclusion: Findings may shed light on the molecular effects of prenatal methamphetamine exposure and may lead to new psychological and somatic caring protocols for these children based on their potential abnormalities.
A Machine Learning-Based System for Detecting Leishmaniasis in Microscopic Images
Authors: Zare Mojtaba , Akbarialiabad Hossein , Parsaei Hossein , Asgari Qasem , Alinejad Ali , Bahreini Mohammad Saleh , Hosseini Seyed Hossein , Ghofrani-Jahrom Mohsen , Shahriarirad Reza , Amirmoezzi Yalda , Shahriarirad Sepehr , Zeighami Ali , Abdollahifard Gholamreza 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Leishmaniasis, a disease caused by a protozoan, causes numerous deaths in humans each year. After malaria, Leishmaniasis is known to be the deadliest parasitic disease globally. Currently, direct visual detection of Leishmania parasite through microscopy is the “gold standard” for the diagnosis of this disease. However, this method is time-consuming and subject to errors. This study was aimed to develop an artificial intelligence-based algorithm and image processing algorithms for the automatic diagnosis of Leishmaniasis.Methods: The Viola-Jones algorithm was used in this study due to its high recognition speed. This algorithm performs in four stages: detection of Haar-like features, integral image creation, Adaboost training, cascade architecture.Results: A 65% recall and 83% precision was concluded in the detection of macrophages infected with the Leishmania parasite. Also, these numbers were 52% and 35%, respectively, related to amastigotes outside of macrophages.Conclusion: The results contain a fairly high sensitivity, with the specificity being less satisfactory. High processing speed, ease of work, and low expenses are advantages of the presented method compared to other procedures. By adding a few adjustments, this method could be considered a viable option.
Cytotoxic Natural Killer Cells Disrupt Nerve Fibres Through Granzyme H in Atheriosclerotic Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Authors: Yu Dafan , Cai Wei , Chen Xiaodong , Lu Danli , Hu Mengyan , Lu Tingting , Qin Bing , Wu Aimin , Zhang Bingjun , Wei Lei , Lu Zhengqi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Circulating natural killer cells (NK cells) are enriched in the central nervous system in atheriosclerotic cerebral small vessel disease (aCSVD) rat models, but their resulting effects and underlying mechanism remain to be investigated.Methods: A total of 32 patients with aCSVD and 28 healthy control patients were recruited for this study. According to white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden, which is closely related to the severity of aCSVD, 20 participants were divided into two groups: burden of 0-1 (n=10) and burden of 2-3 (n=10). All participants participated in proteomics analysis of their cytotoxic NK cells and serum, and 3 participated in proteomics analysis of their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In vitro BBB models and a co-culture system with primary human neurons were utilized to verify the pathogenic behaviours of cytotoxic NK cells.Results: In aCSVD patients with a high WMH burden, integrin β2 (ITGB2), cathepsin D (CTSD) and granzyme H (GZMH) were highly expressed in cytotoxic NK cells. ITGB2 interacted with intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) in vascular endothelial cells and promoted the adhesion of cytotoxic NK cells in vitro. Moreover, inhibition of CTSD reduced the destruction of type IV collagen (COL4A) in the extracellular matrix of the BBB and the leakiness of the BBB in vitro and in vivo, indicating that synthetic CTSD in cytotoxic NK cells participates in BBB damage. After passing through the leaky BBB, GZMH disruption on demyelinated nerve fibres was reversed by cotreatment with the inhibitor 3,4-DCIC, suggesting that cytotoxic NK cell-released GZMH is crucial for the disruption of demyelinated nerve fibres during WMH in aCSVD.Conclusions: Cytotoxic NK cells contribute to the CTSD-induced damage to the BBB and GZMH-induced disruption of demyelinated nerve fibres during WMH in aCSVD. Our work highlights the important role of cytotoxic NK cells in the disruption of nerve fibres in patients with aCSVD with a high WMH burden for the first time.
Impact of Climate Change on Groundwater Recharge in Cotton Irrigated Fields under Agronomical Practices
Authors: Saeed Muhammad , Maqbool Ahsan , Ashraf Muhammad Adnan , Arshad Muhammad , Mahmood Kashif , Usman Muhammad , Farid Muhammad Arslan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Cotton crop is one of the major water consumers in the Indus basin region. Accurate groundwater recharge estimation is a provoking duty due to hydrologic and environmental applications under climate change in the agricultural sector. An utmost region that is vulnerable to climate change and cotton production is declining, consequently. Here, historical trends (1975–2005) and future variability (2021-50 and 2051-80) of climate parameters were analyzed and predicted by SDSM for three emission scenarios (RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, and RCP 8.5) for the semi-arid region Faisalabad, Pakistan. Results revealed a rise in maximum (minimum) temperature and a decline in rainfall, relative humidity, and wind speed for both 2021-50 and 2051-80 using different NCEP parameters (p < 0.05). The groundwater recharge was simulated using the Hydrus-1D unsaturated flow model. Hydrus-1D unsaturated flow model simulated the groundwater recharge under six treatments. A 41 cm reduction of groundwater recharge was observed under all scenarios. The highest recharge was observed 71 cm under RCP 2.6, and the lowest recharge was 30 cm under RCP 8.5, a maximum of 23% groundwater recharge controlled by climate variables with the weak relationship among them. Cotton sowing method T6(bed planting without mulch) showed the highest yield (1,066 kg.ha− 1). It further indicates that rather than climate change, the agronomical practice may have a more significant impact on groundwater recharge and cotton yield. Findings highlight the significance of both climate change and the cotton sowing method while accessing future water resources in irrigated Indus basin agriculture.