bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Походження троїцького звичаю «завивання берізки» в Україні (культурно-історична проблема)
Authors: Пахолок Інна 
Published: July 2021

У науковій розвідці наголошуємо, що свято під назвою «Семик» і звичай «завивання берізки» у минулому однозначно мали відношення до Зелених свят і були невід’ємними складовими троїцької обрядовості українців. Звертаємо увагу на поодинокість історико-етнографічних даних про відповідні явища духовної культури та порівняно незначну територію їх поширення (переважно окремі східні терени України). Враховуючи ці факти та значну популярність звичаю завивати берізку серед росіян і меншою мірою серед білорусів, підтверджуємо варіант його немісцевого походження.
На основі аналізу фактичних матеріалів наголошуємо, що обряди, які виконували довкола ритуального деревця, мали чітку практично ідентичну послідовність у всіх східних слов’ян. Відмінним було лише те, що обрядові дії з берізкою у росіян і білорусів зазвичай не обмежувалися її завиванням. Дерево зрубували, прикрашали стрічками, хустками та ходили з ним по селі або у гості до учасниць обряду. На завершення його «роздягали» або розривали та кидали у воду. Своєю чергою, цей факт наштовхує на припущення про подібність українського купальського деревця і російської троїцької берізки та ймовірність їх спільного генетичного походження.
Історія Миколаївської каторжної тюрми (1907-1920 рр.)
Authors: Біліченко Лідія 
Published: July 2021

У статті досліджується створення та функціонування протягом 1907-1920 рр. Миколаївської каторжної тюрми № 2
Встановлено, що щорічно через в’язницю проходило від 400 до 600 осіб (більша частина яких була ув’язнена за політичними мотивами), серед яких зустрічалися й відомі революціонери та герої громадянської війни: Григорій Котовський, Михайло Фрунзе, Афанасій Матюшенко.
Досліджено побут ув’язнених і виявлено, що на території тюрми функціонувала школа, храм і бібліотека. Діяли майстерні, зокрема: столярна, кравецька, взуттєва, слюсарна, палітурна та миловарна, обладнані всіма необхідними верстатами.
Проіснувала Миколаївська каторжна в’язниця до 1920 р., поки не була переведена радянською владою у категорію «загальної» тюрми.
Родина Нікітіних в історії становлення подвижницького руху України у першій половині ХХ ст.
Authors: Печериця Тетяна 
Published: July 2021

Аналізується громадська, просвітницька та культурницька діяльність членів родини Нікітіних. Особливу увагу в статті приділено подвижницьким зусиллям у сфері національно-культурного пробудження місцевого населення України, зокрема, в Єлисаветграді (тепер Кропивницький) у першій половині ХХ ст. – Василя Нікітіна. В. Нікітін співпрацював з такими видатними представниками української інтелігенції того періоду як М. Кропивницький, М. Садовський, М. Заньковецька, Ю. Тобілевич, П. Саксаганський, М. Левитський, П. Михалевич, С. Єфремов тощо. Діти В. Нікітіна – Ф. Нікітін, Ю. Нікітін і Т. Нікітіна-Станіславська, які виховувалися у дусі любові до України, також стали на шлях проукраїнської подвижницької діяльності. Автор констатує, що родина Нікітіних відіграла вагому роль у подвижницькому русі України першої половини ХХ ст. та займає визначне місце у патріотичній боротьбі за українську державність.
Етнодемографічна ситуація у Наддніпрянській Україні в кінці ХІХ – на початку ХХ століття
Authors: Матвієнко Людмила 
Published: July 2021

У статті аналізується етнодемографічна ситуація в Наддніпрянській Україні кінця ХІХ – початку ХХ ст. Вказана проблема є актуальною, оскільки населення України є поліетнічним. Впродовж століть на території Наддніпрянської України поруч з українцями мешкали й представники інших національностей, найчисленнішими з яких були росіяни, євреї, поляки та німці. Їхня поява на українських землях зумовлена різними причинами: економічними, політичними, військовими, конфесійними. Насамперед, слід виділити сприятливе геополітичне становище та родючі землі, що приваблювали селян із-за кордону.
Регіональне розміщення національних меншин в Україні було нерівномірним. Зокрема, найбільші з них зосередилися так: росіяни – переважно у південному та північно-східному регіонах України, євреї та поляки – у Волинській, Подільській, Київській і Херсонській губерніях, німці – на південноукраїнських землях. У містах зі згаданих етносів найбільше були представлені євреї та росіяни.
Регламентація повсякденного життя сільського населення «Трансністрії» 1941-1944 рр.
Authors: Осипенко Олександр 
Published: July 2021

Проаналізовано закони та розпорядження румунської окупаційної адміністрації, які були направлені на регламентацію повсякденного життя сільського населення межиріччя Дністра та Південного Бугу в 1941-1944 рр. Встановлено, що переважна частина наказів була направлена на забезпечення безпеки окупаційних військ та адміністрації. Також зазначено, що низка наказів вводила норми покарання у вигляді штрафів та ув’язнень за спроби саботажу або відмови виконувати дані постанови. Також румунська адміністрація взяла під свій контроль норми споживання населенням продуктів харчування.
Зазначено, що на окупованих землях румуни зустрілися з неконтрольованим перебігом різноманітних захворювань, які намагалися ліквідувати впровадженням обов’язкових правил підтримки особистої гігієни населення.
Польська україністика сучасності: спроба історіографічного узагальнення
Authors: Тельвак Віталій , Лазурко Лідія 
Published: July 2021

Рецензія на монографію: Морозова О. Дослідження історії України першої половини ХХ ст. у сучасній польській історіографії: напрямки, концепції, дискусії. Миколаїв: Вид-во ЧНУ ім. П. Могили, 2020. 431 с.
Combination Treatment With Remdesivir and Ivermectin Exerts Highly Synergistic and Potent Antiviral Activity Against Murine Coronavirus Infection
Authors: Tan Yu Ling , Tan Kevin S. W. , Chu Justin Jang Hann , Chow Vincent T. 
Published: July 2021

The recent COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgency to develop effective antiviral therapies against the disease. Murine hepatitis virus (MHV) is a coronavirus that infects mice and shares some sequence identity to SARS-CoV-2. Both viruses belong to the Betacoronavirus genus, and MHV thus serves as a useful and safe surrogate model for SARS-CoV-2 infections. Clinical trials have indicated that remdesivir is a potentially promising antiviral drug against COVID-19. Using anin vitromodel of MHV infection of RAW264.7 macrophages, the safety and efficacy of monotherapy of remdesivir, chloroquine, ivermectin, and doxycycline were investigated. Of the four drugs tested, remdesivir monotherapy exerted the strongest inhibition of live virus and viral RNA replication of about 2-log10and 1-log10, respectively (at 6 µM). Ivermectin treatment showed the highest selectivity index. Combination drug therapy was also evaluated using remdesivir (6 µM) together with chloroquine (15 µM), ivermectin (2 µM) or doxycycline (15 µM) – above their IC50 values and at high macrophage cell viability of over 95%. The combination of remdesivir and ivermectin exhibited highly potent synergism by achieving significant reductions of about 7-log10of live virus and 2.5-log10of viral RNA in infected macrophages. This combination also resulted in the lowest cytokine levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and leukemia inhibitory factor. The next best synergistic combination was remdesivir with doxycycline, which decreased levels of live virus by ~3-log10and viral RNA by ~1.5-log10. These results warrant further studies to explore the mechanisms of action of the combination therapy, as well as futurein vivoexperiments and clinical trials for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Household Economic Consequences of Rheumatic Heart Disease in Uganda
Authors: Opara Chinonso C. , Du Yuxian , Kawakatsu Yoshito , Atala Jenifer , Beaton Andrea Z. , Kansiime Rosemary , Nakitto Miriam , Ndagire Emma , Nalubwama Haddy , Okello Emmy , Watkins David A. , Su Yanfang 
Published: July 2021

Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) has declined dramatically in wealthier countries in the past three decades, but it remains endemic in many lower-resourced regions and can have significant costs to households. The objective of this study was to quantify the economic burden of RHD among Ugandans affected by RHD.Methods: This was a cross-sectional cost-of-illness study that randomly sampled 87 participants and their households from the Uganda National RHD registry between December 2018 and February 2020. Using a standardized survey instrument, we asked participants and household members about outpatient and inpatient RHD costs and financial coping mechanisms incurred over the past 12 months. We used descriptive statistics to analyze levels and distributions of costs and the frequency of coping strategies. Multivariate Poisson regression models were used to assess relationships between socioeconomic characteristics and utilization of financial coping mechanisms.Results: Most participants were young or women, demonstrating a wide variation in socioeconomic status. Outpatient and inpatient costs were primarily driven by transportation, medications, and laboratory tests, with overall RHD direct and indirect costs of $78 per person-year. Between 20 and 35 percent of households experienced catastrophic healthcare expenditure, with participants in the Northern and Western Regions 5–10 times more likely to experience such hardship and utilize financial coping mechanisms than counterparts in the Central Region, a wealthier area. Increases in total RHD costs were positively correlated with increasing use of coping behaviors.Conclusion: Ugandan households affected by RHD, particularly in lower-income areas, incur out-of-pocket costs that are very high relative to income, exacerbating the poverty trap. Universal health coverage policy reforms in Uganda should include mechanisms to reduce or eliminate out-of-pocket expenditures for RHD and other chronic diseases.
Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain Is Associated With Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Who Underwent Permanent Pacemaker Implantation
Authors: Kim Dae-Young , Lkhagvasuren Purevjargal , Seo Jiwon , Cho Iksung , Hong Geu-Ru , Ha Jong-Won , Shim Chi Young 
Published: July 2021

Background: Patients who underwent permanent pacemaker (PM) implantation have a potential risk of left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. However, assessment of LV ejection fraction (LVEF) shows a limited role in identifying subclinical LV systolic dysfunction and predicting cardiovascular (CV) outcomes.Methods: We reviewed 1,103 patients who underwent permanent PM implantation between January 2007 and December 2017. After excluding patients who did not undergo echocardiograms before or after PM implantation and those with LV ejection fraction (LVEF) &lt;50%, significant valve dysfunction, and history of cardiac surgery before PM implantation, 300 (67 ± 13 years, 119 men) were finally analyzed. LV mechanical function was assessed with LV global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) using 2-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography. CV outcomes were defined as a composite of CV death and hospitalization for heart failure.Results: At 44 ± 28 months after post-PM echocardiogram, 23 patients (7.7%) had experienced CV outcomes. Patients with CV outcomes were older and had more comorbidities and a lower baseline |LV-GLS| than those without CV outcomes. LV mechanical function worsened after PM implantation in patients with CV outcomes. The cut-off value of 11.2% in |LV-GLS| on post-PM echocardiogram had a better predictive value for CV outcomes (AUC; 0.784 vs. 0.647, p = 0.012). CV outcome in patients with |LV-GLS| &lt;11.2% was worse than that in those with |LV-GLS| ≥ 11.2% (log-rank p &lt; 0.001). Multivariate Cox model revealed that reduced |LV-GLS| was independently associated with CV outcomes.Conclusions: Pacing deteriorates LV mechanical function. Impaired LV-GLS is associated with poor CV outcomes in patients who underwent PM implantation.
Characterization of Surface Runoff Pathways and Erosion Using Hydrological Attributes Under Simulated Rainfall
Authors: Zhang Lichao , Liu Xiaojun , Song Yuejun , Li Jun , Cai Chongfa , Zhao Xiaomin , Li Zhaoxia 
Published: July 2021

Conceptualisation of geo-hydrological characteristic of erosive runoff are of particular importance and has been required in recent soil erosion control. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of applying hydrological attributes to characterize surface runoff pathways in the process of hillslope soil erosion due to rainfall. Combined with sub-millimeter high-resolution laser scanning and computer digital image processing method, three hydrological indicators (i.e., sinuosity, gradient and orientation) were used to investigate the changes of the surface runoff pathways on the slope of three typical southern red soils (i.e., shale (HS), and Quaternary red clay soils (HQ1 and HQ2) under simulated rainfall conditions). The results indicated no significant changes of sinuosity with a mean value of 1.19. After the rainfall with the intensity of 1 mm/min and 2 mm/min, the orientation and gradient changed dramatically. The greatest changes appeared at the first rainfall, which showed that the biggest increase of gradient was 26.78% and it tended to be close to the original slope of the test plot, while the orientation dropped by 5.60–31.44%. Compared with HS and HQ1, the runoff pathway characteristics of HQ2 changed more consistent. The rainfall intensities had a significant impact on the correlation between indicators. The determination coefficients sorting with surface roughness were orientation &gt; graient &gt; sinuosity. And they were significantly linearly related to runoff under 1 mm/min rainfall intensity, while had positive correlation with sediment under 2 mm/min rainfall intensity (p &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, there were more remarkable relationships between orientation, gradient and slope erosion under 1 mm/min rainfall intensity. This provided an innovative idea, that is applying the orientation and gradient to the simulation and prediction model of the rainfall erosion process in the sloping farmland in the southern red soil area.
Melioidosis Patient Survival Correlates With Strong IFN-γ Secreting T Cell Responses Against Hcp1 and TssM
Authors: Sengyee Sineenart , Yarasai Atchara , Janon Rachan , Morakot Chumpol , Ottiwet Orawan , Schmidt Lindsey K. , West T. Eoin , Burtnick Mary N. , Chantratita Narisara , Brett Paul J. 
Published: July 2021

Melioidosis, caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, is a serious infectious disease with diverse clinical manifestations. The morbidity and mortality of melioidosis is high in Southeast Asia and no licensed vaccines currently exist. This study was aimed at evaluating human cellular and humoral immune responses in Thai adults against four melioidosis vaccine candidate antigens. Blood samples from 91 melioidosis patients and 100 healthy donors from northeast Thailand were examined for immune responses against B. pseudomallei Hcp1, AhpC, TssM and LolC using a variety of cellular and humoral immune assays including IFN-γ ELISpot assays, flow cytometry and ELISA. PHA and a CPI peptide pool were also used as control stimuli in the ELISpot assays. Hcp1 and TssM stimulated strong IFN-γ secreting T cell responses in acute melioidosis patients which correlated with survival. High IFN-γ secreting CD4+ T cell responses were observed during acute melioidosis. Interestingly, while T cell responses of melioidosis patients against the CPI peptide pool were low at the time of enrollment, the levels increased to the same as in healthy donors by day 28. Although high IgG levels against Hcp1 and AhpC were detected in acute melioidosis patients, no significant differences between survivors and non-survivors were observed. Collectively, these studies help to further our understanding of immunity against disease following natural exposure of humans to B. pseudomallei as well as provide important insights for the selection of candidate antigens for use in the development of safe and effective melioidosis subunit vaccines.
Gut-Derived Metabolite Phenylacetylglutamine and White Matter Hyperintensities in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Yu Fang , Feng Xianjing , Li Xi , Luo Yunfang , Wei Minping , Zhao Tingting , Xia Jian 
Published: July 2021

Background: White matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden is associated with a higher risk of ischemic stroke. Phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln) is a gut microbiota-derived metabolite that may induce cardiovascular events by activating platelets and increasing the risk of thrombosis. The relationship between plasma PAGln and WMH burden in patients with ischemic stroke is unknown. This study was designed to investigate the association between plasma PAGln and WMH burden in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Methods: A total of 595 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled in this study within 14 days of symptom onset. The burden of WMH was evaluated using the Fazekas scale based on the fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence. The severity of overall WMH was defined as none–mild WMH (total Fazekas score 0–2) or moderate–severe WMH (total Fazekas score 3–6). Based on the severity of periventricular WMH (P-WMH) and deep WMH (D-WMH), patients were categorized into either a none–mild (Fazekas score 0–1) group or a moderate–severe (Fazekas score 2–3) group. Plasma PAGln levels were quantified using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry.Results: We found that patients with moderate–severe overall WMH showed higher plasma PAGln levels than patients with none–mild overall WMH, and similar results were found in the analyses according to P-WMH and D-WMH. The logistic regression analysis showed that the fourth PAGln quartile was independently associated with moderate–severe overall WMH (adjusted 95% CI 1.134–4.018) and P-WMH (adjusted 95% CI 1.174–4.226).Conclusion: These findings suggest that higher plasma PAGln levels are associated with moderate–severe overall WMH and P-WMH in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
The Effects of Gender, Functional Condition, and ADL on Pressure Pain Threshold in Stroke Patients
Authors: Zhang Yong-Hui , Wang Yu-Chen , Hu Gong-Wei , Ding Xiao-Qin , Shen Xiao-Hua , Yang Hui , Rong Ji-Feng , Wang Xue-Qiang 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundSomatosensory impairments and pain are common symptoms following stroke. However, the condition of perception and pain threshold for pressure stimuli and the factors that can influence this in individuals with stroke are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the gender differences in pressure pain threshold (PPT) and positive somatosensory signs for pressure stimuli, and explore the effects of joint pain, motor function, and activities of daily living (ADL) on pain threshold in post-stroke patients.DesignA cross-sectional study.MethodsA total of 60 participants with stroke were recruited, and their pain condition, motor functions, and ADL were evaluated by the Fugl-Meyer assessment of joint pain scale, motor function scale, and Barthel index, respectively. PPTs in eight tested points at the affected and unaffected sides were assessed.ResultsSignificant differences in PPTs were found between male and female patients in all measured muscles (p &lt; 0.05). Positive somatosensory signs for pressure stimuli, including hypoalgesia and hyperalgesia, were frequently found at the affected side, particularly in the extremity muscles, but such signs were not significantly influenced by gender (p &gt; 0.05). More equal PPTs between both sides and relatively lower PPTs at the affected side in the trunk and medial gastrocnemius muscles (p &lt; 0.05) were observed in patients with less pain, better motor functions, and ADL.ConclusionGender differences widely exist in post-stroke survivors either at the affected or unaffected side, which are multifactorial. Sensory loss and central and/or peripheral sensitization, such as hypoalgesia and hyperalgesia for pressure stimuli, caused by a brain lesion are common signs in male and female stroke patients. Moreover, patients who are in a better condition show a more symmetrical pain sensitivity between both sides in the trunk and in female lower extremities, indicating the bidirectional improvement of somatosensory abnormalities caused by a possible neural plasticity.
Inverse Association Between the Mediterranean Diet and COVID-19 Risk in Lebanon: A Case-Control Study
Authors: El Khoury Christine N. , Julien Sofi G. 
Published: July 2021

Background: Since 2019, the world is confronting the COVID-19 public health crisis that deeply impacted all aspects of life, from the health sector to economy. Despite the advancement of research targeting pandemic containment measures, more strategies are still needed to alleviate the burden caused by this novel disease. In particular, optimal nutrition was proposed as a possible mitigating factor in the context of COVID-19. Indeed, the light is shed on balanced diets, such as the Mediterranean diet, which present the finest nutritional quality to support the immune system and other physiologic functions. In contrast, less varied diets that lack the needed nutrients and favor inflammation have been correlated with adverse health effects, including a hindered immune response, such as the western diet.Methods: This observational case control study aimed at exploring the possible associations between the different dietary patterns present among a sample of the Lebanese population and the COVID-19 occurrence and outcomes. An online survey collected information about the sociodemographic characteristics, health status, lifestyle, and dietary habits through the Mediterranean diet questionnaire and a semi-quantitative fod frequency questionnaire, and the COVID-19 infection and its burden. The sample consisted of 399 respondents divided into the case and control groups (37.6 and 62.4%, respectively) on the basis of the presence or absence of a COVID-19 infection history.Results: The participants in the case and control groups had average adherence to the Mediterranean diet and their dietary intake was closer to the western diet. However, the cases had a lower mean of the MedDiet score (p = 0.009). Food groups consumption analysis showed that this significant difference within the overall similar dietary patterns was due to a higher consumption of poultry and a trend toward decreased consumption of olive oil and increased read meat and alcohol intake among the cases. Additionally, gender influenced the levels of different foods' consumption. Nonetheless, the dietary intake did not impact the COVID-19 burden.Conclusion: It is recommended to adopt healthy food choices within the different dietary patterns for a better protection against COVID-19. These findings should be validated in larger-scale studies.