bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding Cognitive Communication Needs in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: Issues Identified at the 2020 International Cognitive-Communication Disorders Conference
Authors: Ciccia Angela , Lundine Jennifer P. , O'Brien Katy H. , Salley Jessica , Krusen Sarah , Wilson Bethany , Kunz Jasmin , Haarbauer-Krupa Juliet 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
In early 2020, the second International Cognitive-Communication Disorders Conference was held to provide an opportunity for researchers and clinician-scientists to discuss the most recent advances and pressing issues in the care of individuals with cognitive-communication disorders (CCDs). Presentations and discussions resulted in the identification of four areas in need of attention: (a) terminology, (b) training, (c) interdisciplinary teams, and (d) pediatrics. We will explore the four themes identified at ICCDC, specifically expanding on how terminology, training, and teams intersect in pediatric traumatic brain injury care. Additionally, we will provide two case studies to highlight the integration of these themes and suggest ways to advance clinical service provision across medical and educational settings for persons with CCDs through the lens of pediatrics.

Conclusion
While speech-language pathology has come a long way since the original discussion of CCD over 30 years ago, clinicians and researchers have ongoing opportunities to help advance the ways in which speech-language pathologists offer support to persons, specifically children, with CCDs and to continue to advance the profession.
Learning Orthographic and Semantic Representations Simultaneously During Shared Reading
Authors: Shakory Sharry , Chen Xi , Deacon S. Hélène 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
The value of shared reading as an opportunity for learning word meanings, or semantics, is well established; it is less clear whether children learn about the orthography, or word spellings, in this context. We tested whether children can learn the spellings and meanings of new words at the same time during a tightly controlled shared reading session. We also examined whether individual differences in either or both of orthographic and semantic learning during shared reading in English were related to word reading in English and French concurrently and 6 months longitudinally in emergent English–French bilinguals.

Method

Sixty-two Grade 1 children (35 girls;
M
age
= 75.89 months) listened to 12 short stories, each containing four instances of a novel word, while the examiner pointed to the text. Choice measures of the spellings and meanings of the novel words were completed immediately after reading each set of three stories and again 1 week later. Standardized measures of word reading as well as controls for nonverbal reasoning, vocabulary, and phonological awareness were also administered.

Results
Children scored above chance on both immediate and delayed measures of orthographic and semantic learning. Orthographic learning was related to both English and French word reading at the same time point and 6 months later. In contrast, the relations between semantic learning and word reading were nonsignificant for both languages after including controls.

Conclusion
Shared reading is a valuable context for learning both word meanings and spellings, and the learning of orthographic representations in particular is related to word reading abilities.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.13877999
Developing Interpersonal and Counseling Skills Through Mixed-Reality Simulation in Communication Sciences and Disorders
Authors: Perryman Twyla , Sandefur Carlie , Morris Chelsea T. 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
Simulation is increasingly becoming a valuable tool for training and educating students in communication sciences and disorders (CSD). The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of a mixed-reality simulation on CSD students' perceptions of their ability to apply clinical and counseling skills. Additionally, this study sought to investigate the overall efficacy and acceptance of this type of clinical simulation experience for undergraduate CSD students.

Method
A total of 29 undergraduate students participated in a clinical simulation experience that used actor-controlled avatars in a mixed-reality simulation environment to practice collecting case history information and delivering diagnostic news to parents of a child client. All students completed pre- and postsimulation questionnaires that rated the impact of the clinical simulation experience on their confidence in demonstrating targeted clinical skills and their general attitudes about their participation. Additionally, five lead participants participated in follow-up interviews to gather data to best describe students' perceptions. Quantitative and qualitative data were recorded and analyzed.

Results
The majority of the students exhibited positive attitudes toward the mixed-reality clinical simulation experience and reported an increase in their perceived ability to apply several counseling skills (e.g., listening and selective feedback) following the session. Analysis showed that the perceived confidence levels on seven out of the 17 targeted skill items increased on the postevent questionnaire to a level of statistical significance and that the simulation experience was described as meaningful and supportive for increasing confidence.

Conclusions
Mixed-reality clinical simulation may be a useful tool for teaching interpersonal communication and counseling skills for students, including undergraduates, in CSD. Additionally, the use of mixed-reality technology in this study produced similar results seen with other clinical simulation methods such as standardized patients or computer-based simulations.
Angehörigenarbeit aus der Perspektive von Pflegepersonen mobiler Palliativteams – eine qualitative Studie
Authors: Kreyer Christiane , Strauß-Mair Michaela 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Angehörige zu unterstützen ist eine zentrale Aufgabe in der Palliativversorgung zu Hause. Als Teil des interprofessionellen Teams übernehmen Pflegepersonen dabei eine wichtige Rolle. Ziel der Studie war es, die Perspektive von Pflegepersonen mobiler Palliativteams auf Angehörigenarbeit in der häuslichen Palliativversorgung zu erheben.
Methodik In der explorativen qualitativen Studie wurden Gruppendiskussionen und qualitative Einzelinterviews mit spezialisierten Palliativpflegepersonen von mobilen Palliativteams aus Österreich durchgeführt und anhand der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Es wurden 2 Gruppendiskussionen mit insgesamt 11 Teilnehmenden und 3 Einzelinterviews durchgeführt. Angehörigenarbeit ist ein zentrales und komplexes Handlungsfeld für die befragten Pflegepersonen, in das ein großer Teil der Arbeitszeit investiert wird. Es wurden 5 Kategorien von Pflegeinterventionen identifiziert: „Aufbau einer tragfähigen Beziehung“, „Koordination und Kooperation“, „Sicherheit vermitteln und Empowerment“, „Krisen vorbeugen“ sowie „Trauer unterstützen und Beziehung abschließen“. Herausforderungen waren familiäre Konflikte, der späte Einbezug von Palliativversorgungsangeboten und die frühe Entlassung aus stationärer Versorgung. Die nötigen Kompetenzen für Angehörigenarbeit wurden in der Aus- und Weiterbildung nur in geringem Ausmaß erworben.
Schlussfolgerung Angehörigenarbeit ist eine Kernaufgabe häuslicher Palliativpflege und sollte deutlich mehr Aufmerksamkeit in Praxis, Lehre und Forschung erhalten um deren Qualität weiterzuentwickeln.
Wearables als unterstützendes Tool für den Paradigmenwechsel in der Versorgung von Parkinson Patienten
Authors: Thun-Hohenstein Caroline , Klucken Jochen 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungTragbare Sensoren – „Wearables“ – eignen sich, Funktionsstörungen bei Parkinson Patienten zu erheben und werden zur Prävention, Prädiktion, Diagnostik und Therapieunterstützung genutzt. In der Forschung erhöhen sie die Reliabilität der erhobenen Daten und stellen bessere Studien-Endpunkte dar, als die herkömmlichen, subjektiven und wenig quantitativen Rating- und Selbstbeurteilungsskalen. Untersucht werden motorische Symptome wie Tremor, Bradykinese und Gangstörungen und auch nicht motorische Symptome. In der Home-Monitoringanwendung kann der Ist-Zustand des Patienten im realen Leben untersucht werden, die Therapie überwacht, die Adhärenz verbessert und die Compliance überprüft werden. Zusätzlich können Wearables interventionell zur Verbesserung von Symptomen eingesetzt werden wie z. B. Cueing, Gamification oder Coaching. Der Transfer von Laborbedingungen in den häuslichen Alltag ist eine medizinisch-technische Herausforderung. Optimierte Versorgungsmodelle müssen entwickelt werden und der tatsächliche Nutzen für den individuellen Patienten in weiteren Studien belegt werden.
Impact of Smoking, Obesity and Maternal Diabetes on SHBG Levels in Newborns
Authors: Aydin Banu Kucukemre , Yasa Beril , Moore Joseph P. , Yasa Cenk , Poyrazoglu Sukran , Bas Firdevs , Coban Asuman , Darendeliler Feyza , Winters Stephen J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Low levels of SHBG have become a marker for insulin resistance and diabetes. Babies born to mothers who are obese, have diabetes, or smoke during pregnancy are at greater risk of developing obesity and diabetes later in life.
Aims To examine the impact of maternal obesity, diabetes and smoking on SHBG levels in newborns.
Study design This cross-sectional study is part of an ongoing multicenter, longitudinal study.
Subjects 98 healthy newborns and their parents, including 16 mothers with diabetes and 31 mothers with a smoking history.
Outcome measures Cord blood and second day venipuncture samples were collected for measurement of SHBG and insulin.
Results Babies born to mothers with diabetes had lower SHBG levels in cord blood [14.0 (8.9–20.4) vs. 19.6 (14.9–25.1) nmol/L; p=0.011] and on day 2 [18.8 (12.6–21.2) vs. 22.9 (17.1–29.1) nmol/L; p=0.015] than controls. Maternal diabetes remained negatively associated with SHBG levels in cord blood (p=0.02) and on day 2 (p=0.04) when adjusted for mothers’ age, smoking status, pre-pregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy. SHBG levels in cord blood and day 2 samples were similar in babies born to mothers who were overweight-obese but not diabetic vs. normal weight, or were smokers when compared to non-smokers.
Conclusions: SHBG levels are lower in newborns born to mothers with diabetes than without diabetes, and may be a marker for babies’ life-long risk for abnormal metabolic health. On the other hand, the adverse effects of tobacco smoke on the fetus do not appear to directly influence SHBG levels.
Synthesis of Chiral Amines by C–C Bond Formation with Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Friestad Gregory K. , Cullen Stephen T. J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractChiral amines are key substructures of biologically active natural products and drug candidates. The advent of photoredox catalysis has changed the way synthetic chemists think about building these substructures, opening new pathways that were previously unavailable. New developments in this area are reviewed, with an emphasis on C–C bond constructions involving radical intermediates generated through photoredox processes.1 Introduction2 Radical–Radical Coupling of α-Amino Radicals2.1	Radical–Radical Coupling Involving Amine Oxidation2.2	Radical–Radical Coupling Involving Imine Reduction2.3	Couplings Involving both Amine Oxidation and Imine Reduction3 Addition Reactions of α-Amino Radicals3.1	Conjugate Additions of α-Amino Radicals3.2	Addition of α-Amino Radicals to Heteroaromatic Systems3.3	Cross Coupling via Additions to Transition Metal Complexes4 Radical Addition to C=N Bonds Using Photoredox Catalysis4.1	Intramolecular Radical Addition to C=N Bonds4.2	Intermolecular Radical Addition to C=N Bonds5 Conclusion
On Pyridopyrazinol Chemistry: Synthesis of Chemiluminescent Substances
Authors: Janin Yves L. , Gagnot Glwadys , Legrand Pierre , Tadros Amira , Ezzahra Hibti Fatima , Quatela Alessia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOur work on new chemiluminescent substances related to the marine luciferin coelenterazine (λmax = 465 nm) led us to attempt the synthesis of four nitrogen-rich pyridopyrazine-bearing analogues. Accordingly, the preparation of the corresponding benzyl-bearing pyridopyrazinols is studied. By varying the conditions for the condensation of phenylpyruvic acid with 1,2-diaminopyridine or 3,4-diaminopyridine, all the possible pyridopyrazin-2-ol regioisomers are isolated and properly characterized, including by means of crystallographic studies. The ensuing syntheses of the halogenated pyridopyrazines are fraught with difficulties ranging from extensive decomposition to an unexpected ring contraction. In one instance, the inherently reductive mixture of phosphorus oxychloride and phosphorus trichloride provides 2-benzyl-3-chloropyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine. This precursor is then transformed into the target O-acetylated luciferin (6,8-dibenzylimidazo[1,2-a]pyrido[3,2-e]pyrazin-9-yl acetate). The ‘benzo’ derivative of this analogue (i.e., 2,12-dibenzylimidazo[1′,2′:1,6]pyrazino[2,3-c]isoquinolin-3-yl acetate) is also prepared and the chemiluminescence emission spectra of these compounds are determined in a phosphate buffer (λmax = 546 and 462 nm).
Recent Advances in Transition-Metal-Free (4+3)-Annulations
Authors: Lam Heather , Lautens Mark , Abel-Snape Xavier , Köllen Martin F. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract(4+3)-Annulations are incredibly versatile reactions which combine a 4-atom synthon and a 3-atom synthon to form both 7-membered carbocycles as well as heterocycles. We have previously reviewed transition-metal-catalyzed (4+3)-annulations. In this review, we will cover examples involving bases, NHCs, phosphines, Lewis and Brønsted acids as well as some rare examples of boronic acid catalysis and photocatalysis. In analogy to our previous review, we exclude annulations involving cyclic dienes like furan, pyrrole, cyclohexadiene or cyclopentadiene, as Chiu, Harmata, Fernándes and others have recently published reviews encompassing such substrates. We will however discuss the recent additions (2010–2020) to the literature on (4+3)-annulations involving other types of 4-atom-synthons.1 Introduction2 Bases3 Annulations Using N-Heterocyclic Carbenes3.1 N-Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs)3.2 N-Heterocyclic Carbenes and Base Dual-Activation4 Phosphines5 Acids5.1 Lewis Acids5.2 Brønsted Acids6 Boronic Acid Catalysis and Photocatalysis7 Conclusion
Time from Injury Is the Key Predictor of Meniscal Injury in ACL-Deficient Knees
Authors: Mortazavi Seyed Mohammad Javad , Moharrami Alireza , Tamhri S. S. , Okati Ali , Shamabadi Ahmad 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe meniscus is one of the most important structures of the knee that needs to be saved if possible. Previous studies showed that increasing time from an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury (TFI) could lead to a meniscal tear, especially medial meniscus (MM). We developed the present study to see if the TFI alone is a predictor of meniscal injury in ACL-deficient knees. We included 111 patients who had a reconstructed ACL injury at our institution from March 2015 to March 2016 in this retrospective cohort study. All demographic data, including age, gender, and body mass index (BMI), were collected. We also recorded the mechanism of injury and the TFI. We extracted the meniscal condition at the time of surgery from the surgical report. All patients were followed up for a mean of 23 months, and the Lysholm score and pain visual analog scale (VAS) score were obtained. The mean TFI of patients with MM tear was 17.4 ± 16.8 months, which was significant than the patients with lateral meniscal (LM) tear (9.3 ± 8.3 months) and intact meniscus (7.4 ± 8.1 months) (p = 0.001). Patients with TFI less than 6 months had a significantly lower rate of MM tear, and increasing TFI more than 6 months could increase the rate of MM tear (p = 0.001). We could not find any association between age, BMI, and gender and meniscal injury. At the latest follow-up, Lysholm and VAS scores in patients with and without meniscal tear were the same. Our study confirms that increasing time from the ACL injury would increase the risk of MM damage. The cutoff point for this risk factor is 6 months from initial injury; therefore, to save the meniscus, it might be better to perform ACL reconstruction within 6 months in ACL-deficient knees.
Biplane Medial Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy Increases Posterior Tibial Slope more than Uniplane Osteotomy
Authors: Suh Dong Won , Nha Kyung Wook , Han Seung Beom , Cheong Kuhoang , Kyung Bong Soo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFew clinical studies have compared uniplane high tibial osteotomy (HTO) with biplane HTO. The study aim was to compare the radiological and clinical results of uniplane HTO and biplane HTO, especially in terms of the increase in the posterior tibial slope (PTS). Medial opening-wedge HTO patients' medical records and radiological results from a single institution were retrospectively reviewed. Pre- and postoperative serial radiographs, including the Rosenberg, lateral view, and standing anteroposterior view of the whole lower extremity, magnetic resonance imaging at postoperative day 2, and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score at postoperative 2 years were reviewed to evaluate radiological and clinical results, including the change in PTS. A total of 61 knees, including 34 for uniplane and 27 for biplane HTOs, were enrolled. There were no significant differences in the pre- and postoperative mechanical angles or incidences of the lateral hinge fractures, and all patients showed complete union at postoperative 2 years. The PTS was increased more in the biplane group than in the uniplane group (3.1 ± 2.6 in biplane vs. 0.8 ± 1.7 in uniplane, p < 0.05). The WOMAC scores were 72 ± 9.3 in the uniplane and 75 ± 5.8 in the biplane group (not significant). The increase in PTS was lower in uniplane medial opening HTO than in biplane HTO.
Cerebellopontine Angle Epidermoids: Comparative Results of Microscopic and Endoscopic Excision Using the Retromastoid Approach”
Authors: Singh Suyash , Das Kuntal Kanti , Kumar Krishna , Rangari Kamlesh , Dikshit Priyadarshi , Bhaisora Kamlesh Singh , Sardhara Jayesh , Mehrotra Anant , Srivastava Arun Kumar , Jaiswal Awadhesh Kumar , Behari Sanjay 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Densely packed neurovascular structures, often times inseparable capsular adhesions and sometimes a multicompartmental tumor extension, make surgical excision of cerebellopontine angle epidermoids (CPEs) a challenging task. A simultaneous or an exclusive endoscopic visualization has added a new dimension to the classical microscopic approaches to these tumors recently.
Methods Eighty-six patients (age: 31.6 ± 11.7 years, M:F = 1:1) were included. Nineteen patients (22.1%) had a multicompartmental tumor. Tumor extension was classified into five subtypes. Sixty-two patients underwent a pure microscopic approach (72%) out of which 10 patients (16%) underwent an endoscope-assisted surgery (11.6%) and 24 patients (28%) underwent an endoscope-controlled excision. Surgical outcomes were retrospectively analyzed.
Results Headache (53.4%), hearing loss (46.5%), and trigeminal neuralgia (41.8%) were the leading symptoms. Interestingly, 21% of the patients had at least one preexisting cranial nerve deficit. Endoscopic assistance helped in removing an unseen tumor lobule in 3 of 10 patients (30%). Pure endoscopic approach significantly reduced the hospital stay from 9.2 to 7.3 days (p = 0.012), and had a statistically insignificant yet a clearly noticeable lesser incidence of subtotal tumor excision (0 vs. 10%, p = 0.18) with comparable cranial nerve deficits but with a higher postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak rate (29% vs. 4.8%, p = 0.004).
Conclusion Endoscope assistance in CPE surgery is a useful addition to conventional microscopic retromastoid approach. Pure endoscopic excision in CPE is feasible, associated with a lesser duration of hospital stay, better extent of excision in selected cases, and it has a comparable cranial nerve morbidity profile albeit with a higher rate of CSF leak.
Occipital Neuralgia following Acoustic Neuroma Resection
Authors: Riedy Loren N. , Heiferman Daniel M. , Szujewski Caroline C. , Malina Giselle EK. , Rezaii Elhaum G. , Martin Brendan , Grahnke Kurt A. , Doerrler Michael , Leonetti John P. , Anderson Douglas E. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background While postoperative outcomes of acoustic neuroma (AN) resection commonly consider hearing preservation and facial function, headache is a critical quality of life factor. Postoperative headache is described in the literature; however, there is limited discussion specific to occipital neuralgia (ON) following AN resection.
Objective The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of conservative management and surgery.
Methods We conducted a retrospective review of 872 AN patients who underwent resection at our institution between 1988 and 2017 and identified 15 patients (1.9%) that met International Classification of Headache Disorders criteria for ON.
Results Of the 15 ON patients, surgical approaches included 13 (87%) retrosigmoid (RS), one (7%) translabyrinthine (TL), and one (7%) combined RS + TL. Mean clinical follow-up was 119 months (11–263). Six (40%) patients obtained pain relief through conservative management, while the remaining nine (60%) underwent surgery or ablative procedure. Three (38%) patients received an external neurolysis, four (50%) received a neurectomy, one (13%) had both procedures, and one (13%) received two C2 to 3 radio frequency ablations. Of the nine patients who underwent procedural ON treatment, seven (78%) patients achieved pain relief, one patient (11%) continued to have pain, and one patient (11%) was lost to follow-up. Of the six patients whose pain was controlled with conservative management and nerve blocks, five (83%) found relief by using neuropathic pain medication and one (17%) found relief on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
Conclusion Our series demonstrates success with conservative management in some, but overall a minority (40%) of patients, reserving decompression only for refractory cases.
When Fat Hits the Brain: Intraventricular and Subarachnoid Fat Migration Secondary to a Complex Sacropelvic Fracture—Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Polemikos Manolis , Kiepe Felix , Al-Afif Shadi , Bronzlik Paul , Krauss Joachim K. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMassive migration of fat droplets in the ventricles and the subarachnoid space is a very rare sequel of spinal trauma. Owing to its rarity, knowledge about treatment and outcome remains limited. We report on the uncommon occurrence of massive subarachnoid and intraventricular fat dissemination in a 41-year-old man who suffered a complex sacropelvic fracture with spondylopelvic dissociation but who had no head injury. We show that early placement of an external ventricular drain with prolonged drainage for washout of the fat depots can prevent chronic hydrocephalus and subsequent shunt dependency.