bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of intelligent copper ball production lines based on big data
Authors: Zhang Zhongke , Li Zhao , Zhao Changzhong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWith the continuous upgrading and transformation of the intelligentisation of China's manufacturing industry, and in response to the requirements for further intelligentisation of the phosphor copper ball production line proposed by a new electronic material company, this study proposes a fault prediction and diagnosis method based on big data. A high‐efficiency distributed big data platform is constructed, and a workshop‐level monitoring centre with the Windows control centre (WinCC) as the core is formed. The WinCC configuration software is used to monitor the key parameters of the equipment during the operation phase, and the login interface is configured according to the requirements of workshop information integration, for example, display interface, alarm interface, debugging interface, trend graph and other common functions. Cloud platforms and virtual private network (VPN) communication are used to realise remote maintenance. Aiming at the common fault problems in the production process, an expert diagnosis system based on fault tree analysis is constructed by fusing the fault tree theory and expert systems. The fault tree model of the unqualified phosphor copper ball production quality and the failure of the hydraulic system is highlighted. Therefore, ensuring the safety of the phosphor copper ball production line is of great significance to the entire production system.
Adrenocortical Cancer: A 20-Year Experience of a Single Referral Center in Prognosis and Outcomes
Authors: Zografos George , Kassi Eva , Parianos Christos , Kyriakopoulos Georgios , Kostakis Ioannis D. , Nasiri-Ansari Narjes , Aggeli Chrysanthi , Dimitriadi Anastasia , Angelousi Anna , Papavassiliou Athanasios G. , Kaltsas Gregory A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAdrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare but very aggressive endocrine malignancy with poor survival. Histopathology is important for diagnosis, while in some cases immunohistochemical markers and gene profiling of the resected tumor may be superior to current staging systems to determine prognosis. We aimed to present the 20-year experience at a tertiary hospital in patients with ACCs and correlate the immunohistochemical characteristics of ACCs with the clinical and morphological characteristics of the tumors and the survival of the patients. Forty-five patients with ACC were included in the study. All the resections were R0. The tumor size and weight, the disease stage (ENSAT classification), Weiss score and Helsinki score were examined along with immunohistochemical expression of inhibin-A, melan A, calretinin, Ki67, synaptophysin, p53, vimentin, CKAE1/AE3. The male to female ratio was 1:1.37. The median age at diagnosis was 55.5 years (IQR 19–77). The median size of ACCs was 9 cm (IQR 3.5–22 cm) and the median weight 127 g (IQR 18–1400 g). The median follow up period was 18 months (IQR 1–96). Ki67 varied from<1% to 75% (median: 16.4%). The expression of melan-A and lower expression of Ki-67 (≤4) were independently associated with longer OS time (p=0.01 and p=0.04, respectively). In multivariable analysis, tumor volume>400 cm3 (p=0.046), Weiss score>5 (p=0.007) and overexpression of p53 (p=0.036) were independent risk factors for shorter survival. Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare and very aggressive endocrine malignancy. The most important factors that determine long-term prognosis of ACC are the disease stage at diagnosis, the Weiss score, and the Ki67 index. Immunohistochemical markers such as melan A could also serve as prognostic factors.
Closed microbial communities self-organize to persistently cycle carbon
Authors: de Jesús Astacio Luis Miguel , Prabhakara Kaumudi H. , Li Zeqian , Mickalide Harry , Kuehn Seppe 
Published: November 2021

Significance
Life on Earth depends on ecologically driven nutrient cycles to regenerate resources. Understanding how nutrient cycles emerge from a complex web of ecological processes is a central challenge in ecology. However, we lack model ecosystems that can be replicated, manipulated, and quantified in the laboratory, making it challenging to determine how changes in composition and the environment impact cycling. Enabled by a new high-precision method to quantify carbon cycling, we show that materially closed microbial ecosystems (CES) provided with only light self-organize to robustly cycle carbon. Studying replicate CES that support a carbon cycle reveals variable community composition but a conserved set of metabolic capabilities. Our study helps establish CES as model biospheres for studying how ecosystems persistently cycle nutrients.
A near-infrared AIE fluorescent probe for myelin imaging: From sciatic nerve to the optically cleared brain tissue in 3D
Authors: Wu Ming-Yu , Wong Alex Y. H. , Leung Jong-Kai , Kam Chuen , Wu Kenneth Lap-Kei , Chan Ying-Shing , Liu Kai , Ip Nancy Y. , Chen Sijie 
Published: November 2021

Significance
The high spatial resolution of three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence imaging of myelinated fibers will greatly facilitate the understanding of 3D neural networks and the pathophysiology of demyelinating diseases. However, existing myelin probes are far from satisfactory because of their low–signal-to-background ratio and poor tissue permeability. We herein developed a near-infrared aggregation-induced emission-active probe, PM-ML, for high-performance myelin imaging. PM-ML could specifically image myelinated fibers in teased sciatic nerves and mouse brain tissues with high contrast, good photostability, and deep penetration depth. PM-ML staining is compatible with several tissue-clearing methods. Its application in assessing myelination for neuropathological studies was also demonstrated using a multiple sclerosis mouse model.
A reactive center loop–based prediction platform to enhance the design of therapeutic SERPINs
Authors: Sanrattana Wariya , Sefiane Thibaud , Smits Simone , van Kleef Nadine D. , Fens Marcel H. , Lenting Peter J. , Maas Coen , de Maat Steven 
Published: November 2021

Significance
Serine protease inhibitors (SERPINs) regulate vital physiological processes. Considerable research effort has gone into the development of SERPINs as therapeutic agents. One of the development goals is SERPIN modification for improved specificity toward desired target(s). The specificity and potency of SERPINs can be altered by changing their reactive center loop (RCL). Currently, predicting these properties of a RCL sequence is almost impossible. By characterizing 160 α1-antitrypsin RCL variants with single–amino acid substitutions, we developed a SERPIN RCL-based platform that predicts the inhibitory behavior for SERPIN variants with compounded RCL mutations. This platform was applied to design a next-generation SERPIN against activated protein C and provides evidence for its value in the treatment of hemophilia A.
Nonderived environment blocking and input-oriented computation
Authors: Chandlee Jane 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a computational account of nonderived environment blocking (NDEB) that indicates the challenges it has posed for phonological theory do not stem from any inherent complexity of the patterns themselves. Specifically, it makes use of input strictly local (ISL) functions, which are among the most restrictive (i.e., lowest computational complexity) classes of functions in the subregular hierarchy (Heinz 2018) and shows that NDEB is ISL provided the derived and nonderived environments correspond to unique substrings in the input structure. Using three classic examples of NDEB from Finnish, Polish, and Turkish, it is shown that the distinction between derived and nonderived sequences is fully determined by the input structure and can be achieved without serial derivation or intermediate representations. This result reveals that such cases of NDEB are computationally unexceptional and lends support to proposals in rule- and constraint-based theories that make use of its input-oriented nature.
The computational unity of Merge and Move
Authors: Graf Thomas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBased on a formal analysis of the operations Merge and Move, I provide a computational answer to the question why Move might be an integral part of language. The answer is rooted in the framework of subregular complexity, which reveals that Merge is most succinctly analyzed in terms of the formal class TSL. Any cognitive device that can handle this level of complexity also possesses sufficient resources for Move. In fact, Merge and Move are remarkably similar instances of TSL. Consequently, Move has little computational or conceptual cost attached to it and comes essentially for free in any grammar that expresses Merge as compactly as possible.
Well-tempered Minkowski solutions in teleparallel Horndeski theory
Authors: Bernardo Reginald Christian , Levi Said Jackson , Caruana Maria , Appleby Stephen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Well-tempering stands among the few classical methods of screening vacuum energy to deliver a late-time, low energy vacuum state. We build on the class of Horndeski models that admit a Minkowski vacuum state despite the presence of an arbitrarily large vacuum energy to obtain a much larger family of models in teleparallel Horndeski theory. We set up the routine for obtaining these models and present a variety of cases, all of which are able to screen a natural particle physics scale vacuum energy using degeneracy in the field equations. We establish that well-tempering is the unique method of utilizing degeneracy in Horndeski scalar-tensor gravity—and its teleparallel generalisation—that can accommodate self-tuned flat Minkowski solutions, when the explicit scalar field dependence in the action is minimal (a tadpole and a conformal coupling to the Ricci scalar). Finally, we study the dynamics of the well-tempered teleparallel Galileon. We generate its phase portraits and assess the attractor nature of the Minkowski vacuum under linear perturbations and through a phase transition of vacuum energy.

‘The effort to understand the Universe is one of the very few things that lifts human life a little above the level of farce, and gives it some of the grace of tragedy.’-Steven Weinberg
Performance of aluminum nitride-based piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers under different readout configurations
Authors: Shi Lei , Jia Licheng , Liu Chongbin , Yu Hongbin , Sun Chengliang , Wu Guoqiang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a low noise amplification circuit is designed for aluminum nitride-based piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers (PMUTs) with three different sensing configurations. The acoustic pressure sensitivity and noise resolution of PMUTs corresponding to different readout configurations are analyzed and characterized. With the differential readout configuration, the acoustic pressure sensitivity of the PMUTs is improved by 5.76 dB (re: 1 V µPa−1) on average, and the noise resolution is reduced by about 8 dB at 500 Hz (re: 1 µPa (Hz

1
/
2

)−1). Compared to the conventional readout configuration, both theoretical analysis and measurement results show that the output voltage of PMUTs is doubled with the differential readout configuration and thus the acoustic pressure sensitivity is improved. Moreover, the noise resolution of PMUTs is reduced and thus the signal-to-noise is improved. This work offers new insight on improving the receiving performance of PMUTs.
The superexchange mechanism in crystalline compounds. The case of KMF3 (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) perovskites
Authors: Pascale Fabien , D’Arco Philippe , Lacivita Valentina , Dovesi Roberto 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic wavefunctions of four KMF3 (M = Mn, Fe, Co and Ni) perovskites have been obtained quantum-mechanically with the CRYSTAL code, by using the Hartree–Fock (HF) Hamiltonian and three flavours of DFT (PBE, B3LYP and PBE0) and an all-electron Gaussian type basis set. In the Fe and Co cases, with d6 and d7 occupation, the Jahn–Teller distortion of the cubic cell is as large as 0.12 Å. Various features of the superexchange interaction energies (SIE), namely additivity, dependence on the M–M distance, on the

M
F
M

̂

angle, and on the adopted functional, are explored. The contribution to SIE by the Coulomb, exchange and kinetic energy terms is analyzed. It is shown that, when using density functionals, SIE clearly correlates with the amount of exact (Hartree–Fock) exchange in the functional. The effect of SIE on the equilibrium geometry and volume of the unit cell is discussed, and it is shown that the key quantity is the spin polarization of the (closed shell) F ions along the M–F–M path. The effect of this magneticpressure is evaluated quantitatively for the first time. The superexchange coupling constant J, evaluated at the HF level and through the Ising model, underestimates the experimental values by about 60%–70%. The more sophisticated Yamaguchi model (that takes into account the contamination of the FM and AFM spin states) does not reduce the discrepancy. The B3LYP hybrid functional overestimates the experiments. These last are bracketed by HF and PBE0. For PBE, the overestimation is huge. Finally, Mulliken population data, charge and spin density maps and density of states are used to illustrate the electronic structure.
Preliminary tests of dosimetric quality and projected therapeutic outcomes of multi-phase 4D radiotherapy with proton and carbon ion beams
Authors: Lis Michelle , Newhauser Wayne , Donetti Marco , Wolf Moritz , Steinsberger Timo , Paz Athena , Graeff Christian 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Objective. The purpose of this study was to perform preliminary pre-clinical tests to compare the dosimetric quality of two approaches to treating moving tumors with ion beams: synchronously delivering the beam with the motion of a moving planning target volume (PTV) using the recently developed multi-phase 4D dose delivery (MP4D) approach, and asynchronously delivering the ion beam to a motion-encompassing internal tumor volume (ITV) combined with rescanning. Approach. We created 4D optimized treatment plans with proton and carbon ion beams for two patients who had previously received treatment for non-small cell lung cancer. For each patient, we created several treatment plans, using approaches with and without motion mitigation: MP4D, ITV with rescanning, static deliveries to a stationary PTV, and deliveries to a moving tumor without motion compensation. Two sets of plans were optimized with margins or robust uncertainty scenarios. Each treatment plan was delivered using a recently-developed motion-synchronized dose delivery system (M-DDS); dose distributions in water were compared to measurements using gamma index analysis to confirm the accuracy of the calculations. Reconstructed dose distributions on the patient CT were analyzed to assess the dosimetric quality of the deliveries (conformity, uniformity, tumor coverage, and extent of hotspots). Main results. Gamma index analysis pass rates confirmed the accuracy of dose calculations. Dose coverage was >95% for all static and MP4D treatments. The best conformity and the lowest lung doses were achieved with MP4D deliveries. Robust optimization led to higher lung doses compared to conventional optimization for ITV deliveries, but not for MP4D deliveries. Significance. We compared dosimetric quality for two approaches to treating moving tumors with ion beams. Our findings suggest that the MP4D approach, using an M-DDS, provides conformal motion mitigation, with full target coverage and lower OAR doses.
Stress-driven surface swell and exfoliation of copper as the plasma-facing materials in NBI ICP source
Authors: Cui Yunqiu , Fan Hongyu , Niu Chunjie , Liu Weifeng , Zhao Zilu , Wang Qiang , Li Xiaoping , Zhang Yang , Mei Xianxiu , Lei Guangjiu , Lu Na , Liu Dongping 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Neutral beam injection (NBI) heating is a significant auxiliary heating method used in Tokamak fusion devices. The material of faraday shield (FS) and accelerator grids in the NBI inductively coupled plasma (ICP) source can be damaged during operation by the high-density hydrogen plasma irradiation, and thus affecting the stability of the NBI system. In this paper, a series of hydrogen plasma exposure experiments are performed on oxygen-free copper (OFC) specimens at 400 K–850 K with ion energy of 20–200 eV and irradiation fluence up to 1.0 × 1025 m−2. Meanwhile, the rate equation model is adopted for numerical simulation of the bubble growth and hydrogen retention. The influence of OFC surface temperature, hydrogen ion energy and fluence on OFC damage are experimentally and numerically investigated. Surface observations show that swell and exfoliation are formed on the OFC samples at 400 K and 600 K by scanning electron microscopy. The hydrogen ion energy varying from 20 to 200 eV at 400 K is observed to have little effect on OFC surface microstructure. The simulative results show that there exist different critical temperatures when the initial bubble radius changes. The bubble surface density rises and the bubble size decreases with increasing temperature (below the critical temperature). In addition, adjacent bubbles get closer to each other with the growth of hydrogen bubbles, and the strong tensile stress is produced inside the surrounding material of hydrogen bubbles. Some cracks caused by hydrogen bubbles appear on the surface of the OFC to relax the pressure-induced stress, ultimately leading to OFC FS/grids material damage. This investigation helps to understand hydrogen retention and failure mechanisms of OFC materials under extreme operation conditions in the NBI devices.
DFT based studies on the structural, electronic and optical properties of LiNbO3 using some hybrid techniques
Authors: Kar Jayanta Kumar , Dharmale Neerja , Chaudhury Saurabh 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Structural, electronic, and optical properties of ferroelectric material, Lithium niobate (LiNbO3) are explored and studied using two different techniques namely, OLCAO-MGGA-TB09+c and OLCAO-GGA-PBES + U under the framework of density functional theory (DFT). The electronic properties such as band diagram, the effective mass of charge carriers, the total density of state (TDOS), and partial density of state (PDOS) are investigated in depth. Band gap values obtained using MGGA-TB09+c is 3.79 eV whereas, it is 3.78 eV for GGA-PBES + U. Furthermore, several optical properties such as dielectric constant, reflectivity, refractive index, optical conductivity, loss function, and absorption coefficient have also been extracted. It is seen that the results so obtained are consistent with experimental data which shows the soundness of our calculations. From the statistical analysis, it is found that both the techniques provide very good results on electronic and optical properties of LiNbO3 compared to existing computational work as both give an approximation of experimental data. The methods presented here will be useful for researchers to get accurate results on structural, electronic, and optical properties of other materials.
Interaction of Airy beams modeled by the fractional nonlinear cubic-quintic Schrödinger equation
Authors: Chen Weijun , Lian Cheng , Luo Yuang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We investigate theoretically and numerically the interaction of Airy beams modeled by fractional nonlinear cubic-quintic Schrödinger equation. By considering fractional diffraction effect, when the initial beam interval between the two Airy beams is large enough, it is found that two in-phase Airy beams attract and repel each other, and two out-of-phase beams repel each other. This is different from the interaction of two Airy beams with large interval in standard nonlinear Schrödinger equation, where the two beams display a weak interaction. For smaller interval, single breathing soliton and symmetric breathing soliton pairs are formed in the in-phase and out-of-phase cases, respectively. As the Lévy index decreases, for the single breathing soliton, the oscillation becomes stronger, the mean peak intensity increases, and the soliton width decreases, for the symmetric breathing soliton pair, the width becomes narrower, and the repulsion between the two Airy components becomes stronger. Besides, the quintic defocusing strength will modulate the interaction of Airy beams. When the strength coefficient increases, the width of the breathing soliton formed in the in-phase case becomes wider, the repulsion between the two beams in the out-of-phase case increases, as well as the width of the soliton pair becomes wider. The work may provide new control methods on the interaction of Airy beams.
Role of electronegativity to induce magnetism in ZnX1−x
Y
x
(X = S/Se/Te and Y = Li/Be/B) chalcogenides
Authors: Elahi I , Akbar W , Nazir S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Ab-initio calculations were performed to investigate the structural, electronic, and magnetic characteristics of the selected first row (Y = Li, Be, and B) doped zinc-blende ZnX (X = S, Se, and Te) chalcogenides. Firstly, the structural stability of the doped materials is analyzed by computing the formation energies, which substantially depends on the dopant atomic numbers and Y-doped ZnSe systems are energetically more stable. It is established that when the electronegativity of the dopant is less than that of the host atom, magnetism is induced. Our results revealed that selected intrinsically non-magnetic dopants (Y = Li, Be, and B) induce magnetic characteristics in all the studied ZnX chalcogenides structures except the B-doped ZnTe system due to a very small electronegativity difference between B and Te ions. The most striking feature of the present study is that Be-doped ZnX materials display the half-metallic ferromagnetism, and Be 2p non-degenerate orbitals are playing a major role in inducing magnetism and metallicity. Hence, the present work proposed that doping engineering with suitable impurity elements having electronegativity larger than that of the host atom could be an effective way to tune the physical properties of chalcogenides for their technological potential applications in advanced-spin-based devices.
Quantification of a concentrated point mass by Haar wavelets and machine learning
Authors: Jaanuska Ljubov , Hein Helle 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The inverse problem of determining location and mass ratio of a concentrated point mass attached to the homogeneous Euler – Bernoulli beam was considered in this article. Under the assumption that the size of the point mass was small compared to the total mass of the beam, it was shown that the problem could be solved in terms of point-mass-induced changes in the natural frequencies or mode shapes. Predictions of the point mass location and its mass ratio were made by the artificial neural networks or the random forests. The dimensionless natural frequency parameters or the first mode shape transformed into the Haar wavelet coefficients were used at the inputs of the machine learning methods. The simulation studies indicated that the combined approach of the natural frequencies, Haar wavelets and neural networks produced accurate predictions. The results presented in this article could help in understanding the behaviour of more complex structures under similar conditions and provide apparent influence on design of beams.