bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An adaptive stepsize plus integral controller for improvement to the steepest descent algorithm
Authors: Moir Tom James 
Published: August 2021

SummaryThe classical approach to steepest‐descent optimization is viewed from a different perspective, namely, control‐systems in the frequency‐domain. Using classical control methods, it becomes possible to view the optimization problem as a control‐system and then to implement a controller to improve the algorithm so as to achieve a lower error. An adaptive stepsize proportional plus integral algorithm is derived to cope with time‐varying problems. For such problems the gain is time varying and the closed‐loop system must be adaptive by varying the loop gain to maintain stability.
Ultrasensitive Strain Sensors Based on Cu‐Al Alloy Films with Voided Cluster Boundaries
Authors: Wu Xuping , Chen Honglei , Luo Xuemei , Wang Dong , Schaaf Peter , Zhang Guangping 
Published: August 2021

AbstractStimulated by the requirement for wearable electronics, crack‐based strain sensors made from polymer‐supported metal films have been reported as a prospective structure for detecting subtle deformation with ultrahigh sensitivity and excellent flexibility. However, the regulation of crack preparation remains a challenge and the use of noble metals retards the large‐scale promotion toward practical application. Here, a cost‐effective strain sensor with ultrahigh strain sensitivity under small strains (ε) is designed based on the submicron to nanoscale voided clusters in Cu‐Al alloy films. The formation of channel cracks in the film is manipulated by regulating the intrinsic microstructure of the film, and the corresponding mechanism is discussed in detail. The strain sensor developed from the cracked Cu‐Al film exhibits ultrahigh gauge factors as high as 584 (0% < ε < 0.5%), 10219 (0.5% < ε < 0.9%), 43152 (0.9% < ε < 1.75%) which is among the highest in reported values. Furthermore, the practical application of the developed sensor in wearable electronics and detection of small deformation is demonstrated. This work provides a novel approach to optimize the sensing performance of flexible strain sensors.
An Optimal Control of Integrated Hybrid Power System with FACTS Devices Using Student Psychology‐Based Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Mudi Joyti , Shiva Chandan Kumar , Mukherjee Vivekananda 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a student psychology‐based optimization algorithm (SPBOA)‐based proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) controller is implemented for load frequency control (LFC) of an isolated hybrid power system (IHPS) and a grid‐connected HPS (GHPS) models. In the designed models, a combined‐cycle gas turbine, a diesel engine generator, a wind turbine generator and a solar photovoltaic generating unit are used as the main power generating units. A superconducting magnetic energy storage is used with IHPS model to improve the dynamic stability of the studied system. A single area power system is connected with IHPS model through a tie‐line to form a GHPS. In the GHPS, a thyristor‐controlled series controller and a unified power flow controller are associated with the tie‐line power flow control. In this work, electric vehicle is also connected as a load to both the IHPS and GHPS models. The output profile of the proposed SPBOA‐based PID controller of both models is compared with whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and quasi‐oppositional‐based WOA (QOWOA). The performance of IHPS and GHPS models are studied under the different load perturbations. The robustness analysis and frequency domain analysis in terms of Bode plot are also shown in favor of the SPBOA method.
A quantitative staging system for describing rice panicle development and its application for a crop phenological model
Authors: Fushimi Erina , Yoshida Hiroe , Yabe Shiori , Ikawa Hiroki , Nakagawa Hiroshi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractUnderstanding panicle development in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is vital for agricultural management, but accurate identification of this phenomenon is difficult as the panicle forms within the pseudostem. Here, we aimed to (a) develop a new quantitative developmental scale, floral stage (FS), describing the reproductive stages of the panicle from panicle initiation to heading, and (b) develop a crop phenological model to predict the FS using meteorological information. Using eight different cultivars, we investigated the internal and external characteristics of the panicle, such as morphological changes in the shoot apex, panicle length, plant age in leaf number, and distance between the auricles of the last two leaves. The stages were scaled linearly over time by assigning scores from 0 to 10. Thus, we developed an FS scale describing the morphological characteristics of the shoot apex in the early stages, and panicle length as well as external characteristics in the later stages. The FS scale is linearly related to the values of the developmental stage model parameterized by air temperature and day length. Utilizing this relationship, we developed a model for predicting the FS scale based on meteorological information. The proposed FS scale and its prediction model will enhance the understanding of rice panicle developmental processes non‐destructively and act as a stepping stone towards the quantitative evaluation of reproductive development in various crops.
Causes of death in former asbestos‐cement workers in the state of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Fernandes Gisele A. , Algranti Eduardo , Wunsch‐Filho Victor , Silva Luiz F. , Toporcov Tatiana N. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn low‐ and middle‐income countries, such as Brazil, studies on the causes of death in asbestos‐exposed workers are scarce.MethodsA cohort study was performed involving 988 males who had worked in the asbestos‐cement industry in the state of São Paulo, with a total of 12,217 person‐years of observation between 1995 and 2016. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) stratified by age was calculated as the ratio between the observed rate and the expected rate in the state of São Paulo.ResultsIncreased SMRs were observed for overall mortality (SMR 1.1, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.98–1.23) and mortality due to pleural malignant neoplasms (MN) (SMR, 69.4; 95% CI, 22.55–162.1), asbestosis (SMR, 975.7; 95% CI, 396.4–2031), peritoneal MN (SMR, 5.0; 95% CI, 0.13–27.78), laryngeal MN (SMR, 1.4; 95% CI, 0.30–4.20), and pulmonary MN (SMR, 1.5; 95% CI, 0.82–2.64).ConclusionThe present study highlights the damage caused by asbestos exposure and reinforces the existing evidence of a causal association between exposure and increased mortality due to pleural MN, pulmonary MN, and asbestosis.
Das Dimethylbismut‐Kation: Zugang zu dativen Bi‐Bi‐Bindungen und unkonventionellem Methylaustausch
Authors: Ramler Jacqueline , Fantuzzi Felipe , Geist Felix , Hanft Anna , Braunschweig Holger , Engels Bernd , Lichtenberg Crispin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDie Isolierung einfacher, hochreaktiver metallorganischer Verbindungen von grundlegendem Interesse gehört nach wie vor zu den schwierigsten Aufgaben in der Synthesechemie. Die detaillierte Charakterisierung solcher Verbindungen ist der Schlüssel zum Verständnis neuer Bindungsszenarien und Reaktivitäten. Das Dimethylbismut‐Kation, [BiMe2(SbF6)] (1), wurde isoliert und charakterisiert. Seine Reaktion mit BiMe3 ermöglicht den Zugang zu einer bislang unbekannten dativen Bindung, der Bi→Bi‐Donor/Akzeptor‐Wechselwirkung. Der Austausch von Methylgruppen (der wohl einfachsten Kohlenwasserstoffeinheit) zwischen verschiedenen Metallatomen gehört zu den wichtigsten Reaktionstypen in der metallorganischen Chemie. Die Reaktion von 1 mit BiMe3 ermöglicht einen Methylaustausch über eine Rückseiten‐SE2‐Reaktion, welche zum ersten Mal im Detail für isolierbare, (pseudo‐)homoleptische Hauptgruppenverbindungen untersucht wird.
Selective Detection of Cu+ Ions in Live Cells via Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy
Authors: Priessner Martin , Summers Peter A. , Lewis Benjamin W. , Sastre Magdalena , Ying Liming , Kuimova Marina K. , Vilar Ramon 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCopper is an essential trace element in living organisms with its levels and localisation being carefully managed by the cellular machinery. However, if misregulated, deficiency or excess of copper ions can lead to several diseases. Therefore, it is important to have reliable methods to detect, monitor and visualise this metal in cells. Herein we report a new optical probe based on BODIPY, which shows a switch‐on in its fluorescence intensity upon binding to copper(I), but not in the presence of high concentration of other physiologically relevant metal ions. More interestingly, binding to copper(I) leads to significant changes in the fluorescence lifetime of the new probe, which can be used to visualize copper(I) pools in lysosomes of live cells via fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM).
Improving the cold flow properties of biodiesel from waste cooking oil by ternary blending with bio‐based alcohols and diesel from direct coal liquefaction
Authors: Xue Yuan , Wang Lihong , Lin Hualin , Han Sheng , Zheng Shiyou 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe utilization and popularization of biodiesel are always limited by its poor cold flow properties. Both bio‐based alcohol and diesel from direct coal liquefaction (DDCL) has potential to enhance the cold flow properties of biodiesel. In this study, ternary blends of waste cooking oil biodiesel (BWCO) with DDCL and bio‐based ethanol (ET) or 1‐butanol (BT) were conducted to improve the cold flow properties of biodiesel. The pour point (PP), cold filter plugging point (CFPP), and cloud point (CP) of BWCO‐ET, BWCO‐BT, and BWCO‐DDCL binary blends, and BWCO‐ET‐DDCL and BWCO‐BT‐DDCL ternary blends were comparatively assessed. Ternary phase diagrams were also applied to analyze the blending effect of the three components on the cold flow properties of biodiesel. Results showed that both DDCL, ET, and BT can remarkably enhance the cold flow properties of BWCO. When the ternary blends contain 20 vol.% BWCO and less than 40 vol.% ET or BT, DDCL together with ET or BT exerted positive effects on enhancing the low‐temperature flow properties of BWCO, especially on the CP and CFPP. For ternary blends in 20:10:70 blending ratio, BWCO‐BT‐DDCL exhibited the lowest PP, CFPP, and CP of −23, −19, and −17°C, respectively. The crystallization behavior and crystal morphology of blended fuels are also observed via a polarizing optical microscope, and find that DDCL together with BT in biodiesel can effectively retard the aggregation of large crystals and inhibit crystals growth.
A 40‐year chronology of the vulnerability of spinetail devil ray (Mobula mobular) to eastern Pacific tuna fisheries and options for future conservation and management
Authors: Griffiths Shane P. , Lezama‐Ochoa Nerea 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTuna fisheries are among the largest and most valuable fisheries in the world, but most interact with many non‐target species, including several of high conservation importance. The spinetail devil ray (Mobula mobular) – listed as ‘Endangered’ on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species – is a commonly discarded bycatch species, particularly in the eastern Pacific Ocean, yet insufficient data exist to undertake a traditional population assessment.A new ecological risk assessment approach designed for data‐limited settings – Ecological Assessment of the Sustainable Impacts of Fisheries (EASI‐Fish) – was used to reconstruct the historical vulnerability status ofM. mobularand to simulate potential changes in its status under 45 hypothetical conservation and management measures. These involved various temporal closures of the eastern Pacific Ocean tuna fishery, decreasing post‐capture mortality by improved handling and release practices, and combinations of the two.The species was classified as ‘Least Vulnerable’ between 1979 and 1993, but became ‘Most Vulnerable’ from 1994, which coincided with a rapid spatial expansion of the industrial purse‐seine fishery, and especially from 2011 following the rapid increase in the number of sets made on floating objects. Simulating the conservation and management measures in place in 2018 revealed that 31 of the 45 scenarios resulted in a change in classification of the species to ‘Least Vulnerable’, which primarily involved a reduction of post‐capture mortality by as little as 20%.It is fortuitous in that education of fishers to implement appropriate best handling and release practices is simpler, more rapid and more cost‐effective than the implementation of fishery closures or gear modifications, which can be expensive and complex to implement and monitor and will probably result in substantial reduction in the catches of target species.
Subtle Modification of Imine‐linked Helical Receptors to Significantly Alter their Binding Affinities and Selectivities for Chiral Guests
Authors: Song Geunmoo , Kim Kyung Mog , Lee Seungwon , Jeong Kyu‐Sung 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAromatic helical receptors P‐1 and P‐2 were slightly modified by aerobic oxidation to afford new receptors P‐7 and P‐8 with right‐handed helical cavities. This subtle modification induced significant changes in the binding properties for chiral guests. Specifically, P‐1 was reported to bind d‐tartaric acid (Ka=35500 M−1), used as a template, much strongly than l‐tartaric acid (326 M−1). In contrast, its modified receptor P‐7 exhibited significantly reduced affinities for d‐tartaric acid (3600 M−1) and l‐tartaric acid (125 M−1). More dramatic changes in the affinities and selectivities were observed for P‐2 and P‐8 upon binding of polyol guests. P‐2 was determined to selectively bind d‐sorbitol (52000 M−1) over analogous guests, but P‐8 showed no binding selectivity: d‐sorbitol (1890 M−1), l‐sorbitol (3330 M−1), d‐arabitol (959 M−1), l‐arabitol (4970 M−1) and xylitol (4960 M−1) in 5% (v/v) DMSO/CH2Cl2 at 25±1 °C. These results clearly demonstrate that even subtle post‐modifications of synthetic receptors may significantly alter their binding affinities and selectivities, in particular for guests of long and flexible chains.
MicroRNA of N‐region from SARS‐CoV‐2: Potential sensing components for biosensor development
Authors: Halim Fatin Syakirah , Parmin N. A. , Hashim Uda , Gopinath Subash C.B. , Dahalan Farrah Aini , Zakaria Iffah Izzati , Ang Wei Chern , Jaapar Nurfareezah Fareezah 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAn oligonucleotide DNA probe has been developed for the application in the DNA electrochemical biosensor for the early diagnosis of coronavirus disease (COVID‐19). Here, the virus microRNA from the N‐gene of severe acute respiratory syndrome‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) was used for the first time as a specific target for detecting the virus and became a framework for developing the complementary DNA probe. The sequence analysis of the virus microRNA was carried out using bioinformatics tools including basic local alignment search tools, multiple sequence alignment from CLUSTLW, microRNA database (miRbase), microRNA target database, and gene analysis. Cross‐validation of distinct strains of coronavirus and human microRNA sequences was completed to validate the percentage of identical and consent regions. The percent identity parameter from the bioinformatics tools revealed the virus microRNAs’ sequence has a 100% match with the genome of SARS‐CoV‐2 compared with other coronavirus strains, hence improving the selectivity of the complementary DNA probe. The 30 mer with 53.0% GC content of complementary DNA probe 5′ GCC TGA GTT GAG TCA GCA CTG CTC ATG GAT 3′ was designed and could be used as a bioreceptor for the biosensor development in the clinical and environmental diagnosis of COVID‐19.
Molecular Layer Deposition of Alucone Thin Film on LiCoO2 to Enable High Voltage Operation
Authors: Lidor‐Shalev Ortal , Leifer Nicole , Ejgenberg Michal , Aviv Hagit , Perelshtein Ilana , Goobes Gil , Noked Malachi , Rosy  
Published: August 2021

AbstractExtracting the theoretically high capacity of LiCoO2 (LCO) is desirable for enhancing the energy density of currently used lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) for portable devices. The bottleneck for exhibiting the high capacity is associated with the limited cut‐off positive voltages beyond which degradation of electrode/electrolyte takes place. In this work, we apply hybrid organic‐inorganic alucone thin film grown directly on LCO by a molecular layer deposition (MLD) method, using sequential exposure to Al‐based and organic‐based precursors. The alucone thin films enabled the high voltage operation of the LCO cathode (>4.5 V), acting as a protection layer. Electrochemical studies proved that alucone coated LCO show enhanced electrochemical performances with improved cycling stability and enhanced specific capacity, relative to uncoated LCO. Amongst the studied films, 10 nm ethylene glycol/Al coated LCO have shown the best results.
Investigation of the association complex formed between dapoxetine and erythrosine‐B for facile dapoxetine assay in pharmaceutical formulation using resonance Rayleigh scattering and spectrofluorimetric techniques
Authors: Derayea Sayed M. , Ali Ramadan , Abu‐hassan Ahmed A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPremature ejaculation is a male sexual problem that is marked by rapid ejaculation and quick attainment of orgasm. Dapoxetine belongs to the antidepressant category and modulates its action by preventing the reuptake of serotonin by neurons. Dapoxetine is marketed as an off‐label therapy for premature ejaculation. Here, two facile, sensitive, and green compatible approaches were established for dapoxetine assay. The approaches chemically rely on association complex formed between erythrosine‐B and dapoxetine in an acidic buffered medium. The quenching effect of the formed complex on the native erythrosine fluorescence at emission 553.5 nm is simply the main idea of spectrofluorimetric assay, while resonance Rayleigh scattering methodology uses augmentation of resonance Rayleigh scattering spectrum at 345 nm by the added dapoxetine. The current approaches exhibit linearity between response and dapoxetine concentration over 0.2–2.5 μg/ml and 0.3–3.0 μg/ml for spectrofluorimetric and resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) methods, respectively. All variables affecting methods and complex formation were studied and precisely optimized. The criteria of validation were performed by the directives provided by International Conference on Harmonization's (ICH) Guidelines and limits of detection were 0.06 and 0.05 μg/ml for spectrofluorimetric and RRS techniques, respectively. Finally, the approaches were applied with acceptable results for pharmaceutical formulation analysis.
New biomarkers and therapeutic targets of human liver cancer: Transcriptomic findings
Authors: Qin Li , Huang Dongning , Huang Jian , Huang Haixin 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer‐related deaths worldwide, causing 782,000 deaths in 2018. Poor prognosis and lack of treatment are the reasons for the high mortality rate of HCC. In the current study, we conducted a comparative transcriptomic analysis, followed by a series of bioinformatics analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), aiming to unfold the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the development of HCC. In the comparative transcriptomic analysis of 10 pairs of HCC tumoral tissues and adjunct nontumoral tissues, we identified 115 common differentially expressed genes in HCC. The GO enrichment analysis of these genes highlighted alterations in the immune response, cell proliferation and DNA damage, energetic metabolism, cell–matrix adhesion, and filament assembly in HCC. In addition, the canonical pathway analysis of IPA further showed the importance of many cell‐signaling pathways involved in the carcinogenesis of HCC. The findings of this study provide a cluster of novel biomarkers and molecular therapeutic targets for HCC diagnosis and treatment.
Recurrent urinary tract infection with antibiotic‐resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a patient with Crohn's disease: A case report
Authors: Azimirad Masoumeh , Tajbakhsh Mercedeh , Yadegar Abbas , Zali Mohammad Reza 
Published: August 2021

AbstractRecurrent urinary tract infections with resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae are a potential complication of the long‐term use of immunosuppressive therapy in patients with Crohn's disease.
The erroneous perception of a clinical sign: Cholestasis preceding sepsis mimicking hepatitis in an adolescent patient
Authors: Romano Fabrizio , Molinaro Marisa , Schibli Susanne , Agyeman Philipp KA , Löllgen Ruth Mari 
Published: August 2021

AbstractJaundice should be considered as a first clinical sign preceding severe invasive bacterial infection or sepsis in patients of all ages including childhood and adolescence. Early laboratory investigations and MR imaging studies for osteomyelitis or myositis are paramount to avoid progression to life‐threatening sepsis and significant morbidity and mortality.
Carbene B−H Insertion Reactions for C−B Bond Formation
Authors: Zhao Ximei , Wang Guanghui , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCarbene B−H insertion reactions represent an efficient method for C−B bond formation, which have experienced great advances in recent years. Free and metal carbene insertion into B−H bonds based on diazo and nondiazo carbene precursors, including α‐diazoesters, α‐diazoketones, hydrazones, chloroforms, acylsilanes, alkenyl triflates, alkynes and sulfoxonium ylides have been well studied. The development of this chemistry complements existing C−B bond formation strategies in terms of substrate scope, selectivity and product diversity. Notably, the catalytic enantioselective carbene B−H insertion reactions enable easy access to the challenging but important chiral organoboron compounds. This review provides a timely overview on this research topic. Typical achievements in reaction methodologies, plausible reaction mechanisms, as well as applications in the synthesis of bioactive molecules are summarized.
SrxTi1–xCoO3±δ Perovskite‐like Catalysts with Enhanced Activity for Hydrogen Production
Authors: Liu Yan , Li Huigu , Huang Jia , Hu Xiaomin , Zhang Yu , Huang Lihong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAutothermal reforming (ATR) of acetic acid (HOAc) is a promising and alternative route for hydrogen production from renewable resources, but catalyst deactivation caused by cobalt metal sintering and coking is a major concern in ATR. In this work, perovskite‐like catalysts of the formula SrxTi1–xCoO3±δ (x = 0, 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8) were prepared by evaporation‐induced self‐assembly and then evaluated in ATR for hydrogen production. The SrxTi1–xCoO3±δ catalysts exhibited high activity and stability as well as 100 % conversion of HOAc. Additionally, the Co particles with strong metal‐support interaction of SrTi(Co)O3 inhibited coking and agglomeration, and showed potential for hydrogen production by the ATR process.