bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Priming with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist before immature oocyte retrieval may improve maturity of oocytes and outcome in in vitro maturation (IVM) cycle: a case report
Authors: Smirnova A. , Anshina M. , Paz E. Shalom , Ellenbogen A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
The concept of using a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) instead of human chorionic gonadotropin for triggering ovulation in patients treated with an antagonist protocol for in vitro fertilization (IVF) has become a routine clinical practice. It may promote oocyte nuclear maturation, resumption of meiosis and cumulus expansion. It seems that this attempt could be beneficial in an in vitro maturation (IVM) oocyte cycle performed for polycystic ovarian syndrome as well as for other indications such as urgent fertility preservation in patients with malignancies or unusual indications.

Case presentation
We present the case of a Caucasian patient who needed fertility preservation when routine natural IVF treatment did not yield oocyte retrieval, followed by three IVM cycles, priming ovulation with a GnRH-a. In total, 12 oocytes were obtained, all matured 4.5 hours after incubation in maturation media. The fertilization rate after intracytoplasmic sperm injection was 83%. Six good-quality embryos were vitrified.

Conclusions
It seems that triggering with a GnRH-a in selected cases may replace human chorionic gonadotropin in IVM of oocytes and could be highly beneficial in terms of obtaining high-grade embryos and possible pregnancy.
Any closer to successful therapy of multiple myeloma? CAR-T cell is a good reason for optimism
Authors: Marofi Faroogh , Tahmasebi Safa , Rahman Heshu Sulaiman , Kaigorodov Denis , Markov Alexander , Yumashev Alexei Valerievich , Shomali Navid , Chartrand Max Stanley , Pathak Yashwant , Mohammed Rebar N. , Jarahian Mostafa , Motavalli Roza , Motavalli Khiavi Farhad 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDespite many recent advances on cancer novel therapies, researchers have yet a long way to cure cancer. They have to deal with tough challenges before they can reach success. Nonetheless, it seems that recently developed immunotherapy-based therapy approaches such as adoptive cell transfer (ACT) have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy against various kinds of tumors even the cancers in the blood (liquid cancers). The hematological (liquid) cancers are hard to be targeted by usual cancer therapies, for they do not form localized solid tumors. Until recently, two types of ACTs have been developed and introduced; tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells which the latter is the subject of our discussion. It is interesting about engineered CAR-T cells that they are genetically endowed with unique cancer-specific characteristics, so they can use the potency of the host immune system to fight against either solid or liquid cancers. Multiple myeloma (MM) or simply referred to as myeloma is a type of hematological malignancy that affects the plasma cells. The cancerous plasma cells produce immunoglobulins (antibodies) uncontrollably which consequently damage the tissues and organs and break the immune system function. Although the last few years have seen significant progressions in the treatment of MM, still a complete remission remains unconvincing. MM is a medically challenging and stubborn disease with a disappointingly low rate of survival rate. When comparing the three most occurring blood cancers (i.e., lymphoma, leukemia, and myeloma), myeloma has the lowest 5-year survival rate (around 40%). A low survival rate indicates a high mortality rate with difficulty in treatment. Therefore, novel CAR-T cell-based therapies or combination therapies along with CAT-T cells may bring new hope for multiple myeloma patients. CAR-T cell therapy has a high potential to improve the remission success rate in patients with MM. To date, many preclinical and clinical trial studies have been conducted to investigate the ability and capacity of CAR T cells in targeting the antigens on myeloma cells. Despite the problems and obstacles, CAR-T cell experiments in MM patients revealed a robust therapeutic potential. However, several factors might be considered during CAR-T cell therapy for better response and reduced side effects. Also, incorporating the CAT-T cell method into a combinational treatment schedule may be a promising approach. In this paper, with a greater emphasis on CAR-T cell application in the treatment of MM, we will discuss and introduce CAR-T cell’s history and functions, their limitations, and the solutions to defeat the limitations and different types of modifications on CAR-T cells.
A wireless caching helper system with heterogeneous traffic and random availability
Authors: Avgouleas Ioannis , Pappas Nikolaos , Angelakis Vangelis 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMultimedia content streaming from Internet-based sources emerges as one of the most demanded services by wireless users. In order to alleviate excessive traffic due to multimedia content transmission, many architectures (e.g., small cells, femtocells, etc.) have been proposed to offload such traffic to the nearest (or strongest) access point also called “helper”. However, the deployment of more helpers is not necessarily beneficial due to their potential of increasing interference. In this work, we evaluate a wireless system which can serve both cacheable and non-cacheable traffic. More specifically, we consider a general system in which a wireless user with limited cache storage requests cacheable content from a data center that can be directly accessed through a base station. The user can be assisted by a pair of wireless helpers that exchange non-cacheable content as well. Files not available from the helpers are transmitted by the base station. We analyze the system throughput and the delay experienced by the cached user and show how these performance metrics are affected by the packet arrival rate at the source helper, the availability of caching helpers, the caches’ parameters, and the user’s request rate by means of numerical results.
Evaluating effects of focal length and viewing angle in a comparison of recent face landmark and alignment methods
Authors: Li Xiang , Liu Jianzheng , Baron Jessica , Luu Khoa , Patterson Eric 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRecent attention to facial alignment and landmark detection methods, particularly with application of deep convolutional neural networks, have yielded notable improvements. Neither these neural-network nor more traditional methods, though, have been tested directly regarding performance differences due to camera-lens focal length nor camera viewing angle of subjects systematically across the viewing hemisphere. This work uses photo-realistic, synthesized facial images with varying parameters and corresponding ground-truth landmarks to enable comparison of alignment and landmark detection techniques relative to general performance, performance across focal length, and performance across viewing angle. Recently published high-performing methods along with traditional techniques are compared in regards to these aspects.
Interventions for adolescent alcohol consumption in Africa: protocol for a scoping review including an overview of reviews
Authors: Biggane Alice M. , Briegal Eleanor , Obasi Angela 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Harmful alcohol use is a leading risk to the health of populations worldwide. Within Africa, where most consumers are adolescents, alcohol use represents a key public health challenge. Interventions to prevent or substantially delay alcohol uptake and decrease alcohol consumption in adolescence could significantly decrease morbidity and mortality, through both immediate effects and future improved adult outcomes. In Africa, these interventions are urgently needed; however, key data necessary to develop them are lacking as most evidence to date relates to high-income countries. The purpose of this review is to examine and map the range of interventions in use and create an evidence base for future research in this area.

Methods
In the first instance, we will conduct a review of systematic reviews relevant to global adolescent alcohol interventions. We will search the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, Web of Science, Global Health and PubMed using a broad search. In the second instance we will conduct a scoping review by drawing on the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. We will search for all study designs and grey literature using the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL, Web of Science and Global Health, Google searches and searches in websites of relevant professional bodies and charities. An iterative approach to charting, collating, summarising and reporting the data will be taken, with the development of charting forms and the final presentation of results led by the extracted data. In both instances, the inclusion and exclusion criteria have been pre-defined, and two reviewers will independently screen abstracts and full text to determine eligibility of articles.

Discussion
It is anticipated that our findings will map intervention strategies aiming to reduce adolescent alcohol consumption in Africa. These findings are likely to be useful in informing future research, policy and public health strategies. Findings will be disseminated widely through peer-reviewed publication and in various media, for example, conferences, congresses or symposia.

Protocol Registration
This protocol was submitted to the Open Science Framework on May 03, 2021. www.osf.io/qnvba
Patient and provider knowledge of and attitudes toward medical conditions and medication during pregnancy
Authors: Shadowen Caroline , Wheeler Rachel , Terplan Mishka 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Knowledge of medical conditions and their evidence-based medications varies among individuals. This range of knowledge may affect attitudes and influence medical decision-making of both patients and providers. Perceptions may be even more impactful in pregnancy, a timeframe subject to bias, and in diseases that include behavioral symptoms and often carry significant societal stigma, such as opioid use disorder (OUD). We present our findings from a survey assessing participants’ knowledge of three distinct medical conditions (diabetes mellitus, bipolar disorder, and OUD) and how this knowledge affects perceptions of these disease states during pregnancy.

Methods
Using existing surveys in the literature as a guideline, we designed a cross-sectional survey including multiple-choice questions to evaluate our hypothesis that less knowledge about a medical condition would result in more negative opinions towards that condition and its treatment throughout pregnancy. Participants responded to perception statements using a 5-point Likert scale (1 = “strongly disagree,” 5 = “strongly agree”). Surveys were administered to patients in prenatal care, patients in OUD treatment, medical students, and medical residents within a single institution. Response means were generated and compared using t tests and ANOVA.

Results
A total of 323 participants completed the survey. There were differences in knowledge between respondent groups and by disease state, with prenatal patients having the least knowledge of all groups about OUD diagnosis (88.5% of prenatal patients answered correctly) and its treatment (91.8% answered correctly). Overall Likert means of all responses demonstrated that participants agreed that new mothers with OUD (mean 4.27, 5 = “strongly agree”) and their babies (4.12) would have challenges that others would not, compared to mothers with bipolar disorder (4.03) and their babies (3.60) as well as mothers with diabetes (3.87) and their babies (3.47), p < .001. Overall, respondents were likely to agree that women with OUD should not try to get pregnant (3.47), whereas they overall disagreed with that statement when it pertained to women with bipolar disorder (2.69, 2 = “disagree”) or diabetes (2.12), p = 0.03.

Conclusions
With this single-center study, we found that, though there were gaps in knowledge regarding disease and disease treatment during pregnancy, less knowledge was not associated with more negative perceptions of disease and disease treatment during pregnancy. Perceptions were especially negative toward pregnant women with OUD. Increasing awareness of lived experiences of patients with disease, as well as the biases carried by both patients and providers, could improve treatment of chronic diseases and outcomes for patients.
There is no dose–response relationship between allogeneic blood transfusion and healthcare-associated infection: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lv Yu , Xiang Qian , Lin Jia , Jin Ying Z. , Fang Ying , Cai Hong M. , Wei Qiong D. , Wang Hui , Wang Chen , Chen Jing , Ye Jian , Xie Caixia , Li Ting L. , Wu Yu J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe association between allogeneic blood transfusion and healthcare-associated infection (HAI) is considered dose-dependent. However, this association may be confounded by transfusion duration, as prolonged hospitalization stay increases the risk of HAI. Also, it is not clear whether specific blood products have different dose–response risks.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, a logistic regression was used to identify confounding factors, and the association between specific blood products and HAI were analyzed. Then Cox regression and restricted cubic spline regression was used to visualize the hazard of HAI per transfusion product.ResultsOf 215,338 inpatients observed, 4.16% were transfused with a single component blood product. With regard to these transfused patients, 480 patients (5.36%) developed a HAI during their hospitalization stay. Logistic regression showed that red blood cells (RBCs) transfusion, platelets transfusion and fresh-frozen plasmas (FFPs) transfusion were risk factors for HAI [odds ratio (OR) 1.893, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.656–2.163; OR 8.903, 95% CI 6.646–11.926 and OR 1.494, 95% CI 1.146–1.949, respectively]. However, restricted cubic spline regression analysis showed that there was no statistically dose–response relationship between different transfusion products and the onset of HAI.ConclusionsRBCs transfusion, platelets transfusion and FFPs transfusion were associated with HAI, but there was no dose–response relationship between them.
The nutritional use of millet grain for food and feed: a review
Authors: Hassan Z. M. , Sebola N. A. , Mabelebele M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWorldwide, millets are regarded as a significant grain, however, they are the least exploited. Millet grain is abundant in nutrients and health-beneficial phenolic compounds, making it suitable as food and feed. The diverse content of nutrients and phenolic compounds present in finger and pearl millet are good indicators that the variety of millet available is important when selecting it for use as food or feed. The phenolic properties found in millets compromise phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins, which are beneficial to human health. Moreover, finger millet has an exceptionally unique, more abundant, and diverse phenolic profile compared to pearl millet. Research has shown that millet phenolic properties have high antioxidant activity. The presence of phytochemicals in millet grains has positive effect on human health by lowering the cholesterol and phytates in the body. The frantic demands on maize and its uses in multiple industries have merited the search for alternative grains, to ease the pressure. Substitution of maize with pearl and finger millets in the diets of different animals resulted in positive impact on the performance. Including these grains in the diet may improve health and decrease the risks of diseases. Pearl millet of 50% or more can be used in broiler diets without adversely affecting broiler performance or egg production. Of late, millet grain has been incorporated in other foods and used to make traditional beverages. Thus, the core aim of this review is to provide insight and comprehension about the nutritional and phenolic status of millets and their impact on human and livestock.
Stochastic quorum percolation and noise focusing in neuronal networks
Authors: Orlandi Javier G. , Casademunt Jaume 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Recent experiments have shown that the spontaneous activity of developing dissociated neuronal cultures can be described as a process of highly inhomogeneous nucleation and front propagation due to the localization of noise activity, i.e., noise focusing. However, the basic understanding of the mechanisms of noise build-up leading to the nucleation remains an open fundamental problem. Here we present a minimal dynamical model called stochastic quorum percolation that can account for the observed phenomena, while providing a robust theoretical framework. The model reproduces the first- and second-order phase transitions of bursting dynamics and neuronal avalanches, respectively, and captures the profound effect metric correlations in the network topology can have on the dynamics. The application of our results to other systems such as in the propagation of infectious diseases and of rumors is discussed.
Blunt Chest Trauma and Regional Anesthesia for Analgesia of Multitrauma Patients in French Intensive Care Units: A National Survey
Authors: Blondonnet Raiko , Begard Marc , Jabaudon Matthieu , Godet Thomas , Rieu Benjamin , Audard Jules , Lagarde Kevin , Futier Emmanuel , Pereira Bruno , Bouzat Pierre , Constantin Jean-Michel 
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND:
Chest injuries are associated with mortality among patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and require multimodal pain management strategies, including regional anesthesia (RA). We conducted a survey to determine the current practices of physicians working in ICUs regarding RA for the management of chest trauma in patients with multiple traumas.

METHODS:
An online questionnaire was sent to medical doctors (n = 1230) working in French ICUs, using the Société Française d’Anesthésie Réanimation (SFAR) mailing list of its members. The questionnaire addressed 3 categories: general characteristics, practical aspects of RA, and indications and contraindications.

RESULTS:
Among the 333 respondents (response rate = 27%), 78% and 40% of 156 respondents declared that they would consider using thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) and thoracic paravertebral blockade (TPB), respectively. The main benefits declared for performing RA were the ability to have effective analgesia, a more effective cough, and early rehabilitation. For 70% of the respondents, trauma patients with a theoretical indication of RA did not receive TEA or TPB for the following reasons: the ICU had no experience of RA (62%), no anesthesiologist-intensivist working in the ICU (46%), contraindications (27%), ignorance of the SFAR guidelines (19%), and no RA protocol available (13%). In this survey, 95% of the respondents thought the prognosis of trauma patients could be influenced by the use of RA.

CONCLUSIONS:
While TEA and TPB are underused because of several limitations related to the patterns of injuries in multitrauma patients, lack of both experience and confidence in combination with the absence of available protocols appear to be the major restraining factors, even if physicians are aware that patients’ outcomes could be improved by RA. These results suggest the need to strengthen initial training and provide continuing education about RA in the ICU.
Association Between Hyperbaric Bupivacaine Dose and Maternal Hypotension: Retrospective Database Study of 8226 Women Undergoing Cesarean Delivery Under Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Weiniger Carolyn F. , Heesen Michael , Knigin David , Deutsch Frederic , Hilber Nicole , Avidan Alexander 
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND:
Low-dose (≤8 mg) hyperbaric bupivacaine for spinal anesthesia during cesarean delivery results in reduced efficacy, yet as a secondary outcome was associated with reduced frequency of spinal-induced hypotension. Our primary aim was to investigate the relationship between hyperbaric bupivacaine dose and the occurrence of spinal-induced hypotension for cesarean delivery.

METHODS:
Retrospective study of cesarean delivery under spinal or combined spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine in 1 academic institution (2 centers—tertiary and district) from 2012 to 2018. Data were retrieved from the anesthesia information management systems (Metavision, iMDsoft, Tel Aviv, Israel) and the hospital information system, including potential confounding factors, maternal age and weight, hypertensive disease of pregnancy, single/multiple gestation, gestational age, vasopressor administration, planned/urgent surgery, position during anesthesia placement (sitting/lateral), and anesthesiologist seniority. Spinal-induced hypotension was defined as systolic blood pressure that either dropped >20% from baseline or <100 mm Hg. The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of spinal-induced hypotension according to hyperbaric bupivacaine dose. Logistic regression was used to characterize the association between the dose of hyberbaric bupivacaine and spinal-induced hypotension after adjusting for confounding factors.

RESULTS:
A total of 8226 women were identified. The hyperbaric bupivacaine dose administered was <9 mg for 2395 (29.1%), 9–9.5 mg for 1031 (12.5%), 10 mg for 4155 (50.5%), and >10 mg for 645 (7.8%). We used a cutoff (<10 vs ≥10 mg) to assess for the primary outcome, using multivariable logistic regression. The incidence of at least 1 spinal-induced hypotension episode was higher in patients who received ≥10 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine, 75.8% vs 62.9% for doses below 10 mg, P < .0001; however, even women with lower doses had hypotension. Hyperbaric bupivacaine dose <10 mg was associated with a lower incidence of spinal hypotension, adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 0.774, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.669-0.897, and P = .0006, adjusted for confounding factors.
Umbilical cord pH was available for 2684 (32.6%) cases. There were significantly more neonates with pH < 7.2, among women who received hyperbaric bupivacaine ≥10 mg (10.1%) versus women who received <10 mg (6.8%), P = .0032; however, in the adjusted model, hyperbaric bupivacaine dose ≥10 mg was not associated with pH < 7.2 and an OR of 0.955 (95% CI, 0.631-1.446, P = .829).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our major finding was that hypotension occurred at all doses of hyperbaric bupivacaine, yet occurrence of spinal hypotension was significantly associated with doses ≥10 mg after adjustment for potential confounders.