bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chiral Discrimination of Dansylated Alanine Methyl Ester on a Modified Clay Surface: Vibrational Circular Dichroism Approach
Authors: Yamagishi Akihiko , Takimoto Kazuyoshi , Tamura Kenji , Sato Fumi , Sato Hisako 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Baseline separation was achieved when dansylated alanine methyl ester (denoted by dan-ala-me) was eluted with methanol on an HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) column (5 cm × 4 mm (i.d.)) packed with an ion-exchange adduct of synthetic hectorite and Δ-[Ru(phen)3]2+ (phen = 1, 10-phenanthroline). In order to unravel the separation mechanisms, the adsorption state of R- or S-dan-ala-me on a modified clay surface was investigated by means of solid-state vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy. It was deduced that a dan-ala-me molecule changed its conformation, depending on the chirality relation to a co-adsorbed Ru(II) complex. The theoretical simulation of an association between a Ru(II) complex and a dan-ala-me molecule supported the conclusion.
Effect of Thiophene π-Conjugation Spacers on the Performance of Photosensitized Dyes Having Trifluoromethylthiazole-5-carboxylic Acid as an Acceptor-anchor Moiety
Authors: Iwata Satoru , Ohtuji Mamoru , Kobayashi Shintaro , Aoyama Misa , Tanaka Kiyoshi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Novel photosensitized trifluoromethylthiazole-5-carboxylic acid dyes having different numbers of thiophene π-conjugation spacers (MCL15, MCL17, and MCL19) and a benzodithiophene spacer with long alkyl side chains (MCL40) are synthesized. The resulting extension of the π-conjugation system leads to redshift in the absorption wavelength. The long alkyl side chains of benzodithiophene cause a dispersed aggregation effect; therefore, the co-adsorbent becomes unnecessary for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) fabrication. The DSSCs fabricated using these dyes exhibit increased conversion efficiency compared with those without a thiophene unit (MCL05).
Identifying priority interventions for stroke in Ireland through stakeholder engagement to inform population-based modelling: a mixed methods protocol
Authors: Sexton Eithne , Hickey Anne , Williams David J. , Horgan F. , Byrne Elaine , Macey Chris , Cuffe Padraic , Timmons Suzanne , Collins Rónán , Bennett K. 
Published: September 2021

Introduction Improvements in stroke survival have resulted in increasing numbers of people living with stroke, and with a rapidly evolving evidence-base for stroke prevention and management, there is a need for robust data and evidence to inform future policy decision-making. Population-based modelling and economic evaluation of alternative policy options is a useful tool to support decision making. However, this process must be aligned to key stakeholder priorities. The aim of the proposed research is to engage with stakeholders in Ireland to identify their priorities for the development of stroke prevention and management strategies and policies. Methods The design is iterative, based on mixed methods. Phase 1 involves a qualitative approach for initial priority gathering, based on an open-ended online survey (target sample: 100-120) and interviews (target sample: 34-40). Stakeholders will include: 1) stroke survivors and family member/main carers, 2) healthcare professionals (HCPs) providing stroke care and 3) people working in stroke research, policy and advocacy. These data will be analysed qualitatively, with the aim of identifying a long-list of specific interventions. Phase 2 involves an interim priority setting exercise, based on a quantitative online survey. Participants will be asked to rank the interventions on the initial long-list. These rankings will be used to inform a final priority-setting workshop (Phase 3), where a small stakeholder group will decide on the final set of priorities. Discussion The rich and detailed quantitative and qualitative data, based on the views of diverse stakeholders, will be directly relevant to policy makers and service planners involved in developing and improving stroke care in Ireland. The information provided will also be essential to inform the Scenario and Intervention Modelling in Ireland for Stroke (SIMI-Stroke) project, a population-based economic and epidemiological modelling study aimed at identifying cost-effective interventions for stroke across the prevention, acute and post-acute care continuum.
Proposal for an HiTOP-based evaluation scale of traits of the Paranoid Personality Disorder
Authors: Machado Gisele , Carvalho Lucas 
Published: September 2021

Aim of the studyThis study aimed to operationalize a version of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2) for the screening of typical traits of the Paranoid personality disorder (PPD) from the perspective of the HiTOP, as well as investigate its internal and external validity.Subject or material and methodsWe selected IDCP-2 factors that appropriately represented PPD traits according to the HiTOP. We created new items for a Rudeness factor. The participants were 454 Brazilian adults (aged 18-70 years). We administered the following scales: IDCP-PPD, PID-5, and CAT-PD-SV.ResultsWe found a one higher-order factor structure for the IDCP-PPD The factors that composed this higher-order factor reflect traits from both HiTOP spectra witch PPD is represented, Thought disorder and Antagonistic externalizing. The expected correlations between IDCP-PPD factors and external measures were observed. Groups comparison indicated people with high levels of pathological traits in the external measures showing higher means in the IDCP-PPD scores in comparison to people with lower means in these measures.DiscussionThe factors of the IDCP-PPD demonstrated a good capacity for the assessment of PPD traits.ConclusionsThe findings of our study indicate the IDCP-PPD scale as a useful tool for operationalizing HiTOP for clinical practice. Future studies should test our findings in patients with a PPD diagnosis.
Clinical and psychological characteristics and targets for psychotherapy at atopic dermatitis patients
Authors: Korotkova Inga , Klibson Sergei , Gulordava Maya , Trąbczyński Piotr 
Published: September 2021

Aim of the studyThe aim of this study was to evaluate levels of anxiety and depression in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), leading behavioral strategies for coping with stress and their correlation with the severity of dermatological symptoms in patients with AD, as well as the determination of psychotherapeutic targets for improving medical and mental health care for patients with AD.Subject or material and methods56 patients with atopic dermatitis and 60 healthy individuals in the control group were examined using the Beck Depression Inventory scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory by C.D. Spielberger, The Coping Strategy Indicator by J.H. Amirkhan and projective technique the Sentence Completion Test. Dermatological assessment was performed using The SCORAD Index.ResultsThe AD patients significantly more often turned to “Avoidance strategy” rather than healthy subjects. Unlike healthy patients, those with AD used “Seeking social support” and “Problem solving” as coping techniques considerably less. Dermatosis severity positively correlated with the “Avoidance strategy”, state-trait anxiety scores and severity of depressive symptoms. Retrospective treatment success had a positive impact on reduction of depressive symptoms. Sacks and Levy’s method allowed to discover disturbance in relationships in patients with AD.DiscussionThe AD patients displayed significant difficulties that require psychotherapeutic correction within relations with the opposite sex (36%), with father (29%), guilt (39%) and regrets of untapped opportunities (43%).ConclusionsThe influence of AD on patients’ psychological state determines the necessity of psychological intervention including antianxiety therapy and correction of maladaptive behavioral strategies, as well as attitudes towards person’s relations with family, interpersonal communication and self-perception.
The Effects Of Breast Reductıon Operatıon On Patıents' Mood And Sexual Lıfe
Authors: ALTUNTAS MAHMUT , Uyar ilker , Guncu Hatice 
Published: September 2021

Aim of the studyBreast hypertrophy is a condition that can negatively affect the quality of life of women in physical, psychological and sexual aspects. In this study, the effects of breast reduction operation on the psychological and sexual life of the patients in the postoperative period were investigated.Subject or material and methods31 patients who underwent breast reduction surgery were included in the study. The patients were evaluated preoperatively and 6 months after surgery. Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Beck Depression Scale were used for psychological evaluation. The Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale was used to evaluate sexual functions, as well.ResultsThe average age of the patients was 40.4 and the average BMI was 30.6 kg/m2. The mean scores of Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale before and after surgery was 1.36 ± 0.94 and 1.02 ± 0.63 (p <0.05). The mean scores of Beck Depression Scale was 14.41±10.11 and 10.35 ± 10.11 (p <0.05), respectively. When the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale was examined, a statistically significant positive effect was observed in all subgroups compared to the preoperative period.DiscussionAfter breast reduction surgery, patients have a very high level of satisfaction physically . There are some studies showing that breast reduction surgery has a positive effect on women, especially psychologically, but very limited research has been done on sexual function.ConclusionsThis study showed that breast reduction surgery increases self-esteem and provides a positive effect on emotional state. At the same time, it has been found that it has a positive effect on sexual functions and sexual life.
Combining fascia lata autograft bridging repair with artificial ligament internal brace reinforcement
Authors: Bi Mingguang , Zhou Ke , Gan Kaifeng , Ding Wei , Zhang Ting , Ding Shaohua , Li Jin 
Published: September 2021

AimsThe aim of this study is to provide a detailed description of cases combining bridging patch repair with artificial ligament “internal brace” reinforcement to treat irreparable massive rotator cuff tears, and report the preliminary results.MethodsThis is a retrospective review of patients with irreparable massive rotator cuff tears undergoing fascia lata autograft bridging repair with artificial ligament “internal brace” reinforcement technique between January 2017 and May 2018. Inclusion criteria were: patients treated arthroscopically for an incompletely reparable massive rotator cuff tear (dimension > 5 cm or two tendons fully torn), stage 0 to 4 supraspinatus fatty degeneration on MRI according to the Goutallier grading system, and an intact or reparable infraspinatus and/or subscapularis tendon of radiological classification Hamada 0 to 4. The surgical technique comprised two components: first, superior capsular reconstruction using an artificial ligament as an “internal brace” protective device for a fascia lata patch. The second was fascia lata autograft bridging repair for the torn supraspinatus. In all, 26 patients with a mean age 63.4 years (SD 6.2) were included.ResultsAll patients underwent more than two years of follow-up (mean 33.5 months (24 to 45)). All clinical scores were also improved at two-year follow-up (mean visual analogue scale 0.7 (SD 0.5) vs 6.1 (SD 1.2); p < 0.001; mean American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score 93.5 (SD 5.3) vs 42.5 (SD 10.8); p < 0.001; mean University of California, Los Angeles score, 31.7 (SD 3.7) vs 12.0 (SD 3.1); p < 0.001; and mean Constant-Murley score 88.7 (SD 3.5) vs 43.3 (SD 10.9); p < 0.001), and 24 of 26 fascia lata grafts were fully healed on MRI (92%). One patient had haematoma formation at the harvesting side of the fascia lata at two days postoperatively.ConclusionThe fascia lata autograft bridging repair combined with artificial ligament internal brace reinforcement technique achieved good functional outcomes, with a high rate of graft healing at two-year follow-up. Although the short-term results are promising, further studies with a greater number of patients would provide clearer results. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(10):1619–1626.
Differences in mortality and complication rates following revision knee arthroplasty performed for urgent versus elective indications
Authors: Abram Simon G. F. , Sabah Shiraz A. , Alvand Abtin , Price Andrew J. 
Published: September 2021

Aims To compare rates of serious adverse events in patients undergoing revision knee arthroplasty with consideration of the indication for revision (urgent versus elective indications), and compare these with primary arthroplasty and re-revision arthroplasty. Methods Patients undergoing primary knee arthroplasty were identified in the national Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) between 1 April 1997 to 31 March 2017. Subsequent revision and re-revision arthroplasty procedures in the same patients and same knee were identified. The primary outcome was 90-day mortality and a logistic regression model was used to investigate factors associated with 90-day mortality and secondary adverse outcomes, including infection (undergoing surgery), pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Urgent indications for revision arthroplasty were defined as infection or fracture, and all other indications (e.g. loosening, instability, wear) were included in the elective indications cohort. Results A total of 939,021 primary knee arthroplasty procedures were included (939,021 patients), of which 40,854 underwent subsequent revision arthroplasty, and 9,100 underwent re-revision arthroplasty. Revision surgery for elective indications was associated with a 90-day rate of mortality of 0.44% (135/30,826; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37 to 0.52) which was comparable to primary knee arthroplasty (0.46%; 4,292/939,021; 95% CI 0.44 to 0.47). Revision arthroplasty for infection was associated with a much higher mortality of 2.04% (184/9037; 95% CI 1.75 to 2.35; odds ratio (OR) 3.54; 95% CI 2.81 to 4.46), as was revision for periprosthetic fracture at 5.25% (52/991; 95% CI 3.94 to 6.82; OR 6.23; 95% CI 4.39 to 8.85). Higher rates of pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, and stroke were also observed in the infection and fracture cohort. Conclusion Patients undergoing revision arthroplasty for urgent indications (infection or fracture) are at higher risk of mortality and serious adverse events in comparison to primary knee arthroplasty and revision arthroplasty for elective indications. These findings will be important for patient consent and shared decision-making and should inform service design for this patient cohort. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(10):1578–1585.
Thromboembolic and bleeding complications following primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Schelde Astrid Blicher , Petersen Janne , Jensen Thomas Bo , Gromov Kirill , Overgaard Søren , Olesen Jonas Bjerring , Jimenez-Solem Espen 
Published: September 2021

Aims The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness and safety of thromboprophylactic treatments in patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods Using nationwide medical registries, we identified patients with a primary TKA performed in Denmark between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2018 who received thromboprophylactic treatment. We examined the 90-day risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), major bleeding, and all-cause mortality following surgery. We used a Cox regression model to compute hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each outcome, pairwise comparing treatment with dalteparin or dabigatran with rivaroxaban as the reference. The HRs were both computed using a multivariable and a propensity score matched analysis. Results We identified 27,736 primary TKA patients who received thromboprophylactic treatment (rivaroxaban (n = 18,846); dalteparin (n = 5,767); dabigatran (n = 1,443); tinzaparin (n = 1,372); and enoxaparin (n = 308)). In the adjusted multivariable analysis and compared with rivaroxaban, treatment with dalteparin (HR 0.68 (95% CI 0.49 to 0.92)) or dabigatran (HR 0.31 (95% CI 0.13 to 0.70)) was associated with a decreased risk of VTE. No statistically significant differences were observed for major bleeding or all-cause mortality. The propensity score matched analysis yielded similar results. Conclusion Treatment with dalteparin or dabigatran was associated with a decreased 90-day risk of VTE following primary TKA surgery compared with treatment with rivaroxaban. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(10):1571–1577.
Performance of Oreochromis niloticus juveniles fed autoclaved mango seed kernel diets
Authors: Eyiwunmi Falaye Augustine , Shakiru Sule Okanlawon , Salimata Sanogo , Martha Kechicha Olufunmike 
Published: September 2021

Human and livestock population increase has led to escalating prices of energy feed stuffs used in aquaculture. There have been some researches on various inexpensive agro-industrial by-products as substitutes for maize in fish diets with varying degrees of success. This study investigated the growth performance of Oreochromis niloticus juveniles fed with autoclaved Mango seed formulated fish diet as a dietary energy source at different inclusion level. 150 Oreochromis niloticus juveniles with mean weight of 10.24±0.05g were randomly allocated to five dietary treatments (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5). The fish were acclimated for two weeks and were allotted to five treatments in plastic tanks (26x46x20cm). Each treatment contained 10 fish per tank. The fish were fed experimental diets at T1:0%, T2: 25%, T3: 50%, T4: 75% and T5: 100% Mango Seed Kernel Meal (MSKM) inclusion levels respectively. The highest Mean weight Gain (MWG) and lowest Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) was recorded in Treatment 2: 25% (48.93±4.88); (0.91±0.07) while the lowest MWG and highest FCR was recorded in Treatment 5: 100% (27.30±3.99); (1.47±0.16). Specific Growth Rate (SGR) was lower in Treatment 5: 100% when compared to other treatments. Feed intake followed a decreasing order. The blood samples collected showed that there was significant differences (p0.05) In conclusion, growth performance and haematological activity could be best improved by substituting mango seed kernel meal at 75% with no implication on growth and fish health.
Line imaging of a terahertz zero-order Mathieu–Gauss beam
Authors: Shi Haifeng , Wang Kejia , Yang Zhengang , Liu Jinsong 
Published: September 2021

The study of terahertz (THz) structured beams has become an interesting subject. Here, we use 3D printed diffractive plates to generate a THz zero-order Mathieu–Gauss beam at a frequency of 0.1 THz and simulate its line-imaging effect. According to the nondiffraction property of the beam, we conduct a transmission imaging test by placing the imaging plate at different positions along the direction of beam propagation. The results show that the THz zero-order Mathieu–Gauss beam has a good imaging effect in the depth of field of about 130–380 mm. This can be used in large depth of field THz line imaging.
Decreasing death rates and causes of death in Icelandic children—A longitudinal analysis
Authors: Levy Marina Ros , Thors Valtyr , Elínardottir Sigríður Haralds , Moller Alma D. , Haraldsson Asgeir 
Published: September 2021

Background
Global death rate in children has been declining during the last decades worldwide, especially in high income countries. This has been attributed to several factors, including improved prenatal and perinatal care, immunisations, infection management as well as progress in diagnosis and treatment of most diseases. However, there is certainly room for further progress. The aim of the current study was to describe the changes in death rates and causes of death in Iceland, a high-income country during almost half a century.

Methods
The Causes of Death Register at The Directorate of Health was used to identify all children under the age of 18 years in Iceland that died during the study period from January 1st, 1971 until December 31st, 2018. Using Icelandic national identification numbers, individuals could be identified for further information. Hospital records, laboratory results and post-mortem diagnosis could be accessed if cause of death was unclear.

Findings
Results showed a distinct decrease in death rates in children during the study period that was continuous over the whole period. This was established for almost all causes of death and in all age groups. This reduction was primarily attributed to a decrease in fatal accidents and fewer deaths due to infections, perinatal or congenital disease as well as malignancies, the reduction in death rates from other causes was less distinct. Childhood suicide rates remained constant.

Interpretation
Our results are encouraging for further prevention of childhood deaths. In addition, our results emphasise the need to improve measures to detect and treat mental and behavioural disorders leading to childhood suicide.
Prevalence and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and seroprevalence among clinical and non-clinical staff in a national healthcare system
Authors: Alishaq Moza , Jeremijenko Andrew , Al-Kanaani Zeina , Nafady-Hego Hanaa , Jboor Diana H. , Saba Rosaline , Al-Ajmi Jameela , Alansari Nasser Asad , Thomas Anil George , Fareh Sameera Bihi , Vinoy Suni , Nooh Maryam , Alanzi Nadya , Abou-Samra Abdul-Badi , Butt Adeel Ajwad 
Published: September 2021

Background
While many studies have reported the rate and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers (HCWs), there are scant data regarding the impact of employment type and job grades upon such risk.

Methods
We determined the rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection based on a positive nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) PCR among employees of a large national healthcare system. Antibody testing was performed on those who agreed to provide a blood sample. Using logistic regression analysis, we determined the risk of infection (PCR+) associated with demographic characteristics, job family and job grade.

Results
We identified 35,075 staff (30,849 full-time, 4,226 outsourced) between March 1-October 31, 2020. Among full-time employees, 78.0% had a NPS (11.8% positive). Among outsourced staff, 94.4% had a NPS (31.1% positive). Antibody testing was performed on 33.9% full-time employees (13.0% reactive), and on 39.1% of the outsourced staff (47.0% reactive). PCR-positivity was higher among outsourced staff (31.0% vs. 18.3% in non-clinical and 9.0% in clinical full-time employees) and those in the low-grade vs. mid-grade and high-grade job categories. Male sex (OR 1.88), non-clinical job family (OR 1.21), low-grade job category (OR 3.71) and being an outsourced staff (OR 2.09) were associated with a higher risk of infection.

Conclusion
HCWs are a diverse population with varying risk of infection. Clinical staff are at a lower risk likely due to increased awareness and infection prevention measures. Risk is higher for those in the lower socioeconomic strata. Infection is more likely to occur in non-healthcare setting than within the healthcare facilities.