bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Diabetes Educators’ Core Competencies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alharbi Talal , McLelland Gayle , Thomacos Nikos 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Diabetes education provided by qualified and competent diabetes educators
(DEs) is effective in reducing risks of diabetes complications. Globally, the DE workforce comprises
a mixture of professions, with the majority being nurses. It is necessary to regularly assess
DEs’ competence and knowledge to ensure that quality diabetes education is being delivered.

Objective:
This study explored the self-perceived competence and the diabetes knowledge of DEs
in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Methods:
This study explored the self-perceived competence and the diabetes knowledge of DEs
in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), using a quantitative, cross-sectional survey, administered
at 20 diabetes centres. A total of 368 DEs were invited to participate in the study.

Results:
Surveys were completed by 324 DEs (response rate = 88%), 84% (n=271) were nurses.
From a possible overall range between 63-252, the mean (M) was 168.59 and standard deviation (SD)
was (35.6) hence perceived competence of the DEs was low, Of a maximum possible score of
45 for the diabetes knowledge test, response scores ranged from 9 to 40, with M = 26.2 (6.0). Perceived
competence and diabetes knowledge varied depending on age, nationality, educational qualification,
primary profession, and whether or not the DE held a specialised diabetes qualification.

Conclusion:
DEs in the KSA need to develop and enhance their competence and knowledge in order
to provide quality diabetes care and education. The low perceived competence and scores in the
knowledge test show that intervention measures are needed to regularly assess and improve the
core competencies of DEs. Further research is required to identify DEs’ barriers to having sufficient
competencies and knowledge.
Predicting Interactions Between Pathogen and Human Proteins Based on the Relation Between Sequence Length and Amino Acid Composition
Authors: Alguwaizani Saud , Ren Shulei , Huang De-Shuang , Han Kyungsook 
Published: May 2021

Aim:
Both bacterial infection and viral infection involve a large number of protein-protein
interactions (PPIs) between a pathogen and its target host.

Background:
So far, many computational methods have focused on predicting PPIs within the same
species rather than PPIs across different species.

Methods:
From the extensive analysis of PPIs between Yersinia pestis bacteria and humans, we recently
discovered an interesting relation; a linear relation between amino acid composition and sequence
length was observed in many proteins involved in PPIs. We have built a support vector machine (SVM)
model, which predicts PPIs between human and bacteria using two feature types derived from the relation.
The two feature types used in the SVM are the amino acid composition group (AACG) and the
difference in amino acid composition between host and pathogen proteins.

Result:
The SVM model achieved high performance in predicting bacteria-human PPIs. The model
showed an accuracy of 96%, sensitivity of 94%, and specificity of 98% in predicting PPIs between humans
and Yersinia pestis, in which there is a strong relation between amino acid composition and sequence
length. The SVM model was also tested in predicting PPIs between human and viruses, which
include Ebola, HCV, and SARS-CoV-2, and showed a good performance.

Conclusion:
The feature types identified in our study are simple yet powerful in predicting pathogenhuman
PPIs. Although preliminary, our method will be useful for finding unknown target host proteins
or pathogen proteins and designing in vitro or in vivo experiments.
Deoxycholic and Ursodeoxycholic Acid Differentially Impact Cellular Steatosis
and Lipid Peroxidation in Cultured Hepatoma Cells
Authors: Vergani Laura , Baldini Francesca , Khalil Mohamad , Serale Nadia , Baj Jacek , Di Ciaula Agostino , Portincasa Piero 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Bile acids (BAs) are the major lipid components of bile. They are synthesized from cholesterol in the liver and stored in the gallbladder. BAs have gained attention as drug candidates to control obesity and/or diabetic condition due to their role in lipid and glucose metabolism.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the antisteatotic and antioxidant potential of deoxycholic ac-id (DCA) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), two BAs with opposite physico-chemical features.

Methods:
Different concentrations of DCA and UDCA in the micromolar range were tested on cul-tured hepatoma cells after loading with an excess of fatty acids to mimic non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in vitro. Experimental analyses included cell viability, lipid accumulation and li-pid peroxidation in steatotic hepatocytes before and after exposure to either DCA or UDCA.

Results:
Both UDCA and DCA improved lipid dysmetabolism and oxidative stress conditions in the steatotic hepatocytes. However, while UDCA was more effective as lipid lowering agent, DCA showed a greater antioxidant effect.

Conclusions:
UDCA seems to have better protective and beneficial potential than DCA, as it is able to both alleviate lipid accumulation in the steatotic liver cells, but also to play antioxidant effect.
Understanding Behavioral Intentions Toward COVID-19 Vaccines: Theory-Based Content Analysis of Tweets
Authors: Liu Siru , Liu Jialin 
Published: May 2021

Background
Acceptance rates of COVID-19 vaccines have still not reached the required threshold to achieve herd immunity. Understanding why some people are willing to be vaccinated and others are not is a critical step to develop efficient implementation strategies to promote COVID-19 vaccines.

Objective
We conducted a theory-based content analysis based on the capability, opportunity, motivation–behavior (COM-B) model to characterize the factors influencing behavioral intentions toward COVID-19 vaccines mentioned on the Twitter platform.

Methods
We collected tweets posted in English from November 1-22, 2020, using a combination of relevant keywords and hashtags. After excluding retweets, we randomly selected 5000 tweets for manual coding and content analysis. We performed a content analysis informed by the adapted COM-B model.

Results
Of the 5000 COVID-19 vaccine–related tweets that were coded, 4796 (95.9%) were posted by unique users. A total of 97 tweets carried positive behavioral intent, while 182 tweets contained negative behavioral intent. Of these, 28 tweets were mapped to capability factors, 155 tweets were related to motivation, 23 tweets were related to opportunities, and 74 tweets did not contain any useful information about the reasons for their behavioral intentions (κ=0.73). Some tweets mentioned two or more constructs at the same time. Tweets that were mapped to capability (P<.001), motivation (P<.001), and opportunity (P=.03) factors were more likely to indicate negative behavioral intentions.

Conclusions
Most behavioral intentions regarding COVID-19 vaccines were related to the motivation construct. The themes identified in this study could be used to inform theory-based and evidence-based interventions to improve acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines.
Can Food Be Art in Virtue of Its Savour Alone?
Authors: Matthen Mohan 
Published: May 2021

Food has savour: a collection of properties (including appearance, aroma, mouth-feel) connected with the pleasure (or displeasure) of eating. This paper argues that savour is aesthetically evaluable —it is not merely “agreeable”. Further, like paradigm examples of art, savour can be assessed by how it references, or “exemplifies”, cultural norms. This paper is part of a larger project in which I develop an account of the pleasure of art. It is a virtue of my approach that it permits a much greater diversity of artforms than traditional philosophical aesthetics is inclined to allow. This includes food.
Study on Clinical Assessment of Central Blood Pressure in Healthy Volunteers, and its Relation to Clinical Phenotyping
Authors: Juveria Mahmood  , Alokananda Chakraborty  , Ghazala Javed  , M.H. Kazmi  
Published: May 2021

The Unani system of Medicine is a holistic system of medicine and does not confine to molecular approach but refers to knowledge as a total recognition of the person and stresses on health of body, mind and soul. Unani medicine states that disease is a natural process and that symptoms are the reactions of the body to disease. The individual humoural balance is influenced by lifestyle factors. It employs the humoral theory which presupposes the presence of four akhlaat (humours) in the body – dam (blood), balgham (phlegm), safra (yellow bile) and sauda (black bile). The Unani philosophy has 4 humours under clinical phenotyping such as Sanguine (Damavi), Phlegmatic (Balghami), Bilious (Safravi) and Melancholic (Saudavi). The 400 Healthy volunteers with 100 each from four different temperaments (balghami, saudavi, safravi, damavi) were selected.The present study validates some of the Unani concepts of humours or temperament with central hemodynamic parameters or Pulse Wave Analysis (PWA). A specially designed case record form as per the Unani classical text was designed for assessment of humours and the information obtained were recorded from healthy volunteers as subjects and determination of central hemodynamic parameters was performed by SphygmoCor technology (AtCor Medical, Sydney, Australia). The temperament of the present study showed that the Pulse Wave Analysis in healthy volunteers although showed the results in physiological range but the analysis in safravi (bilious) subjects is found to be significant when compared to other clinical phenotypes.
Development and Characterization of Terminalia arjuna Phospholipid Complex and Its Tablet Formulation by Qbd Approach
Authors: WaghmareSagar Saudagar  , GiramPadamja Sidram  , GholveSachin Baburo  , GauravAgarwal  , Shilpi Agarwal  , Bhusnure Omprakash Gadgeppa  
Published: May 2021

Phytosomes are a newly introduced novel drug delivery system and novel botanical formulation to induce lipophilic molecular complexes to enhance absorption and bioavailability of phytoconstituents. Terminali aarjuna phospholipid complex and it’s tablet formulations targeted for cardiovascular systems was prepared. Our study aims is for improving the cardioprotective activity by formulating Terminalia arjuna phospholipid complex tablet by using solvent evaporation method. and characterized by various parameters like solubility studies, particle size determination, infrared absorption (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), entrapment efficiency etc. as well as by applying QbD approach various general characteristics such as entrapment efficiency etc were also done. A QbD- based approach using a Box-Behnken design was done to obtain a response surface design expert software 9.0.5 to systematically study the combined influence of the formulation and process variables such as the phospholipids-drug ratio(X1, w/w), the reaction temperature(X2, °C), and the reaction time (X3, hrs) on a critical quality attributes (CQAs) of the product i.e., the entrapment efficiency. Using this design, the experimental trials were carried out at all 15 possible combinations. The preliminary investigation of the influence of factors revealed that all the tested variables, i.e., the phospholipids to drug ratio, the reaction temperature and the reaction time had a significant influence on the entrapment efficiency of the prepared phytosomes. The study revealed that the entrapment efficiency of Terminalia arjuna Phytosomes was found to be 83.0-97.9 %w/w.
Development of optimized formulation of liposome using 3-factor Box-Behnken Design
Authors: MahendraChouhan  , Rajesh Sharma  , Kamlesh Dashora  
Published: May 2021

The objective of our present study is to optimize Chitosan coated liposomes formulation by Response surface methodology using 3-factor Box-Behnken Design. Different polymers based liposomes used for delivery of stable pH dependent formulation. Chitosan has been used as a pH sensitive polymer coating to target nanoparticles specifically to tumors which have a slightly acidic pH. Closed membrane system can accommodate amphiphilic or lipophilic drugs in vesicles. The optimized batch was formulated as a liposome delivery system and evaluation was done. To evaluate the unentrapped drug Shimadzu UV-Spectrometry at 228 nm was used and absorbance was noted. Response surface graph was prepared to predict value and the optimized formulation (Chitosan coated liposomes) can be used for loading of bio-active.The values of percent drug entrapment and average vesicle size were presented and found formulation F3&F5 were optimized for further evaluating on basis of particle size and drug loading.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Aparatur Desa Dalam Tata Kelola Administrasi Pemerintahan Desa Pada Desa Mendalo Indah
Authors: Wiralestari Wiralestari , Sam Iskandar , Lutfi Lutfi , Fitriani Dewi , Wendry Widya Sari 
Published: May 2021

Pengabdian Kepada Masyakat ini berjudul PPM: Peningkatan Kemampuan Aparatur Desa Dalam Tata Kelola Administrasi Pemerintahan Desa. Pengabdian ini dilakukan di Desa Mendalo Indah yangmana memiliki sistem administrasi yang belum tertib dan lengkap. Sistem administrasi desa belum sesuai dan memenuhi kriteria yang tertuang dalam Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 47 Tahun 2016 Tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan Desa. Hal ini dikarenakan kurangnya sosialisasi dan pelatihan mengenai pedoman administrasi pemerintahan desa kepada aparatur desa. Selain itu, aparatur desa yang tidak melakukan upgrade pengetahuan mereka mengenai sistem administrasi pemerintahan terbaru. Untuk itu diperlukan suatu penyuluhan dan pelatihan mengenai sistem administrasi desa yang sesuai dengan peraturan
Optimalisasi Usaha Kelompok Pemuda Pengrajin Anyaman Paku Atta Dalam Upaya Pemasaran Produk Secara Online
Authors: Estiyanti Ni Made , Lavianto Sephy 
Published: May 2021

Industri Anyaman Atta menempati posisi yang paling tinggi dalam data potensi perindustrian dan perdagangan Kabupaten Karangasem tahun 2017. Industri Anyaman Atta mempunyai unit usaha sebanyak 3.569 dengan jumlah penyerapan tenaga kerja sebanyak 5.838 orang. Namun pemasaran secara langsung untuk menembus pasar nasional dan internasional masih belum tercapai karena para pengrajin belum bias memanfaatkan memanfaatkan pemasaran secara online sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman sekarang. Mitra dalam program Iptek bagi Masyarakat ini adalah Kelompok Pemuda Pengrajin Anyaman Atta Eka Genta. Kelompok Pengrajin ini berkedudukan di Banjar Desa, Desa Bungaya, Kecamatan Bebandem, Kabupaten Karangasem. Tujuan pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pelatihan dan pemahaman marketing online produk anyaman paku atta melalui media social seperti facebook dan Instagram. Metode pengabdian yang digunakan adalah metode ceramah, workshop, praktik. Hasil dari pengabdian masyarakat ini berupa media sosial online berupa facebook, Instagram dari para anggota pemuda pengrajin anyaman paku atta dan adanya peningkatan omzet penjualan dan pelanggan dari masing-masing pengrajin.
Tracing the Development of Arabic Khat from the Land of Origin to Indonesian Archipelago
Authors: Albantani Azkia Muharom , Adha Ahmad Adhia , Mushoffa Aida , Syafiroh Helya 
Published: May 2021

Several studies showed that Arabic khat had been widely developed in countries with a Muslim majority population. However, many previous studies have not examined the origin of the Arabic khat and its development from different periods. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the source of Arabic khat, the product and the figures from different periods, and several other things related to Arabic khat. This research was done in qualitative research with a descriptive historical approach through a literature-based study to examine data and information. The research was conducted by limiting the study's scope on Arabic khat development from the Umayyad dynasty to its expansion in Indonesia. The results showed that the Arab Khat began to develop centuries ago during the Umayyad dynasty. Three factors caused calligraphy to increase: the influence of power expansion, the kings and social elites' role, and the influence of science development. Moreover, the encouragement coming from the verses of al-Qur'an, the motivation to write al-Qur'an, and the use of Arabic as al-Qur'an language are also the factors in the development of Arabic khat. Hence, it is no wonder that the term Arabic khat is synonymous with al-Qur'an's khat.
Efek Corporate Social Responsibility pada Brand Equity Dimediasi Corporate Image dan Brand Awareness
Authors: Anggorawati Rulloh Delia , Budiyanto Budiyanto , Utami Esti Margiyanti 
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study examine the influence of corporate social responsibility on brand equity; the effect of corporate social responsibility on brand awareness; the influence of corporate social responsibility on corporate image; the influence of brand awareness on brand equity; the effect of corporate image on brand equity; effect of corporate social responsibility on brand equity mediated by brand awareness; effect of corporate social responsibility on brand equity mediated by corporate image. Sample of this research is 120 people. Sampling technique used in this study is judgment sampling. Hypothesis testing used hierarchical regression analysis. The results showed that corporate social responsibility has an positive effect on brand equity, corporate social responsibility has a positive effect on brand awareness, corporate social responsibility has a positive effect on corporate image, brand awareness has a positive effect on brand equity, corporate image has a positive effect on brand equity, brand awareness mediates the effect of corporate social responsibility on brand equity, and corporate image mediates the influence of corporate social responsibility on brand equity.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh corporate social responsibility terhadap brand equity; pengaruh corporate social responsibility terhadap brand awareness; pengaruh corporate social responsibility terhadap corporate image; pengaruh brand awareness terhadap brand equity; pengaruh corporate image terhadap brand equity; pengaruh corporate social responsibility terhadap brand equity yang dimediasi oleh brand awareness; pengaruh corporate social responsibility terhadap brand equity yang dimediasi oleh corporate image. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 120 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu judgement sampling. Pengujian hipotesis yang digunakan adalah hierarchical regression analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa corporate social responsibility berpengaruh positif terhadap brand equity, corporate social responsibility berpengaruh positif terhadap brand awareness, corporate social responsibility berpengaruh positif terhadap corporate image, brand awareness berpengaruh positif terhadap brand equity, corporateimage berpengaruh positif terhadap brand equity, brand awareness memediasi pengaruh corporate social responsibility terhadap brand equity, dan corporate image memediasi pengaruh corporate social responsibility terhadap brand equity.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Struktur Aktiva, Likuiditas, dan Ukuran Perusahaan Terhadap Struktur Modal (Pada Perusahaan Pertambangan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2014-2018)
Authors: Astuti Umi Dwi , Giovanni Axel 
Published: May 2021

This study aims to see the effect of profitability, asset structure, liquidity, and company size on the capital structure of the mining companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange in 2014- 2018. Secondary data is used for the research and it is collected using purposive sampling. The data then analyzed using multiple linear regression. Research results shows that profitability and companies size have no effect on capital structure. Meanwhile, the asset structure and liquidity have effect on capital structure. The limitation of this study is the lack of a research period to the small sample used. Researcher’s suggestion for further research is to increase the time period of the study, which is aimed to increase the accuracy of the research data.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh profitabilitas, struktur aktiva, likuiditas, dan ukuran perusahaan terhadap struktur modal pada sektor perusahaan pertambangan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2014-2018. Metode pengambilan data menggunakan purposive sampling menggunakan data sekunder. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan dengan teknik analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan profitabilitas dan ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap struktur modal. Sedangkan untuk struktur aktiva dan likuiditas berpengaruh terhadap struktur modal. Keterbatasan penelitian adalah kurangnya periode penelitian dikarenakan sampel yang digunakan sedikit. Saran peneliti untuk penelitian selanjutnya ialah menambah periode waktu penelitian untuk meningkatkan keakuratan data penelitian.
Evaluation of Terminalia glaucescens Chromatographic Fractions on Meloidogyne incognita Infecting Chili Pepper (Capsicum chinense)
Authors: Fabiyi Oluwatoyin Adenike 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Nematodes are widespread organisms and pose a serious problem in vegetable production. The use of synthetic nematicides is a common method of bringing down the nematode population to increase crop yield. This has, however, brought about serious pollution to the environment. Leaves and twigs of Terminalia glaucescens were extracted in organic solvents and then chromatographed on a silica gel column. Chromatographic fractions obtained from the methanol and acetone crude extracts were characterized with UV-visible, FTIR, and GCMS and tested for their potential nematode suppressing activity in field micro plots. Spectroscopic analysis of the fractions revealed the presence of compounds such as aldehydes, acids, ketones, phenols, terpenes, hydrocarbons, and fatty acid esters. The extract fractions of T. glaucescens were applied at 100, 75, and 50 mg·ml−1 at 100 ml each and carbofuran at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 kg a.i.·ha−1. The vegetative growth of pepper plants as well as the number and weight of fruits increased significantly in plants treated with the above-mentioned extract fractions. The protective role of fractions compared favorably with the synthetic nematicide (carbofuran). The most effective in reduction of the nematode population, and plant growth and yield was the highest concentration of 100 mg·ml−1. Thus, organic solvent extract fractions from T. glaucescens can serve as a biopesticide and an alternative to the environmentally hazardous synthetic nematicide.