bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tool Life Modelling In Continuous Variable Speed Turning
Authors: Albertelli Paolo , Mussi Valerio , Monno Michele 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a generalized tool life model that considers nonstationary cutting was developed. In particular, the model was conceived for predicting the life of the tool when Spindle Speed Variation SSV , one of the most effective techniques for suppressing regenerative chatter vibrations, is used. The proposed formulation takes into account the main cutting parameters and the parameters associated to the SSV . A dedicated experimental campaign of turning tests was carried out and the data were used to develop the model. A proper validation was even carried out performing additional tool life tests. It was found that the generalized formulation can be used for predicting the tool life both at constant spindle machining CSM and adopting SSV within the maximum estimating error of 6%.
Modeling anticipated changes in numbers of SARS-CoV-2 infections within communities due to immunization campaigns
Authors: Frey Kurt , Hagedorn Brittany , McCarthy Kevin A , Hutubessy Raymond , Wang Susan Annemarie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
As SARS-CoV-2 spread in early 2020, uncertainty about the scope, duration, and impact of the unfolding outbreaks caused numerous countries to interrupt many routine activities, including health services. Because immunization is an essential health service, modeling changes in SARS-CoV-2 infections among communities and health workers due to different vaccination activities was undertaken to understand the risks and to inform approaches to resume services.
Methods
Agent-based modeling examined the impact of Supplemental Immunization Activities (SIAs) delivery strategies on SARS-CoV-2 transmission in communities and health workers for six countries capturing various demographic profiles and health system performance: Angola, Ecuador, Lao PDR, Nepal, Pakistan, and Ukraine.
Results
Urban, fixed-post SIAs during periods of high SARS-CoV-2 prevalence increased infections within the community by around 28 [range:0–79] per 1000 vaccinations. House-to-house SIAs in mixed urban and rural contexts may import infections into previously naïve communities. Infections are elevated by around 60 [range:0-230] per 1000 vaccinations, but outcomes are sensitive to prevalence in health workers and SIA timing relative to peak.
Conclusions
Younger populations experience lower transmission intensity and fewer excess infections per childhood vaccine delivered. Large rural populations have lower transmission intensity but face a greater risk of introduction of SARS-CoV-2 during an SIA.
Applications Of Tunable Mid-Infrared Plasmonic Square-Nanoring Resonator Based On Graphene Nanoribbon
Authors: Janfaza Morteza , Mansouri-Birjandi Mohammad Ali , Tavousi Alireza 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this work, different structures are designed based on graphene square-nanoring resonator (GSNR) and simulated by the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (3D-FDTD) method. Depending on the location and number of graphene nanoribbons (GNR), the proposed structures can be utilized as a band-pass filter, wavelength demultiplexer, or power splitter in the mid-infrared (MIR) wavelengths. The tunability of the suggested assemblies is easily controlled by changing the dimensions and/or the chemical potential of the GSNRs. Benefiting from the nanoscale and ultra-compact GNRs, these structures can be proposed as basic blocks for optical computing and signal processing in the MIR region.
WITHDRAWN: The Study on Angiotensin II Induced-ferroptosis in Vascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Fang Hong , Liu Chi , Cavdar Omer , Shen Yi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: To verify the effect of Angiotensin II on ferroptosis in vascular endothelial cells and clarify the related mechanism.Methods: HUVECs were evaluated for p53, P21, ALOX12, VEGF, MDA, GSH. Molecular marker impact upon AngII-induced ferroptosis was evaluated with students’ t-test，one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: As the concentration of Ang II increased，the level of ALOX12, P53, GSH and MDA increased in HUVECs. The expression of VEGFA in HUVECs is negatively correlated with dose of Ang II. Incubation of HUVECs in AngII and valsartan for 48hr reduces ALOX12, P21, GSH and MDA. Compared with the single AngII group, ALOX12, P21, GSH and MDA in valsartan group was decreased significantly（p=0.000）. In pifithrin-α hydrobromide-treated, ALOX12, P21, GSH and MDA was reduced significantly, as compared to valsartan group（p=0.000）. The most larger reduction in ALOX12, P21,GSH and MDA was pifithrin - α hydrobromide combined with valsartan group. In contrast, the expression of VEGFA increased significantly after HUVECs were treated with pifithrin - α hydrobromide and valsartan（p=0.000）.Conclusions: AngII can induce ferroptosis of vascular endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. The mechanism of AngII-induced ferroptosis may be regulated through the signal axis of ATR1,2-p53-ALOX12.
Cue-Based Feeding and Short-Term Health Outcomes of Premature Infants in Newborn Intensive Care Units(NICU) : A None-Randomized Trial
Authors: Sefatbaqa samane , Zahedpasha Yadollah , Hasanpour Marzieh , Tilaki Karimollah Hajian , Zarkesh Mohammad Reza , Arzani Afsaneh , Als Heidelise 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Feedings based on behavioral cues is a method relying on infants’ behavioral expressions of readiness to feed. The objective of this interventional study was to determine the effect of cue-based feeding on the short-term health outcomes of preterm infants.Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a historical or phase lag design. It involved 60 preterm infants admitted to an Iranian referral hospital’s Level III-Newborn Intensive Care Unit (NICU) from June 2018 until January 2019. The experimental group (n=30) received a three-step intervention of offering behavioral-cue-based oral (BCBO) feedings: Step 1 – One BCBO feeding every twelve hours for three days; Step 2 - Two BCBO feedings every 12 hours for three days; and Step 3 – All feedings as BCBO feedings for three days. The control group received standard care feedings. Group difference data were analyzed with SPSS version 16 using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The infants’ mean weight at time of discharge for the intervention and control groups were 1492.79 ± 21.65 gr and 1395.71 ± 17.61 gr (P = .003) respectively. The mean durations of achieving full oral feedings in the intervention and control groups were 17 ± 6 and 20 ± 11 days, respectively (P = .19). The mean frequencies of hypoxia were 1 ± 1.54 and 5 ± 9.31 respectively (P = .03) and of gavage feedings 725 ± 584 and 1846 ± 2097 respectively (P = .009). No apnea events were reported for the intervention group; the frequency of apnea in the control group was 1 ± 2.11 (P = .16).Conclusion: The findings indicate that cue-based feeding is beneficial for preterm infants. Therefore, it is recommended that nurses employ cue-based feeding in the NICU.Trial Registration: IRCT20170828035962N2. Registered, 27 /05/ 2018- Prospectively registered, https://www.irct.ir/trial/27024.
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties of Ultrasonically Processed Al-7Si Alloy / Y2O3 Nanocomposite
Authors: Kumar T. Satish , Nampoothiri Jayakrishnan , Shalini S. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of the present study is to investigate the microstructure and mechanical properties of the A356 aluminum metal matrix composite reinforced with Y2O3 particles. The composite is synthesized by adding 1 and 2 vol.% of reinforcement via stir casting assisted by ultrasonic treatment (UT). Microstructural contemplates shows improvement in the dispersion of nano Y2O3 particles and decrease in the porosity level due to the ultrasound aided synthesis. The UT refines the size of the Y2O3 particles as well as helps to improve its dispersion. The secondary dendrite arm spacing of 2 vol.% Y2O3 reinforced samples with 5 min UT is found to be significantly reduced to 12 µm as compared to that of the as-cast A356 alloy. Addition of 2 vol.% of nano Y2O3 has significantly improved the hardness of the A356 alloy from 60 HV to 108 HV. A considerable increment in the YS and TS of the A356 alloy is observed with the of Y2O3 and found to further improve with UT. However, small reduction in ductility is observed with the addition of Y2O3 as well as ultrasonic treatment.
Monosodium Iodoacetate Induced Subchondral Bone Microstructure and Inflammatory changes in an Animal Model of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Bao Zheming , Chen Mengli , Li Chen , Shan Qing , Wang Yichen , Yang Wenshan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: To verify the presence of histopathological injury and cartilage degeneration in MIA induced joints. To investigate the correlation between inflammatory reaction and subchondral bone remodeling in a rodent osteoarthritic model.Method: Intra-articular injection of MIA was performed in Wistar rats to induce OA. After 4 weeks intervention, the animals were sacrificed, changes in intrinsic structural properties of the subchondral bones were measured using micro-CT scanning. Moreover, the histological evaluation and biochemical analysis was conducted using histochemical staining, immunofluorescence, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis.Results: This study demonstrated that intra-articular injection of MIA increased chondrocyte apoptosis and promoted cartilage matrix degradation, such as cartilage surface defects and shallow or even disappeared staining. MIA also induced the inflammatory process, improved the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, matrix metalloproteinase, and decreased the expression of cartilage specific proteins with the extension of modeling time. Meanwhile, the MIA also significantly accelerated the subchondral bone remodeling at both week two and week four, as shown by the decreased subchondral bone density, thinning of trabeculae, disordered cartilage structure and morphology.Conclusion: Intra-articular injection of MIA can lead to articular cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone remodeling in the rat model of OA. MIA induced rodent osteoarthritic model would cause decreased subchondral bone density, sparse trabecular bone, and other manifestations of osteoporosis accompanied by an inflammatory response, which would worsen with the progression of modelling time.
Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Kerala Rice Landraces Using Genotyping-By-Sequencing
Authors: Peringottillam Maya , Vasumathy Smitha Kunhiraman , Kumar Hari Krishna , Alagu Manickavelu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Researchers stand at the vanguard of advancement and application of next-generation sequencing technology for creating opportunities to guide more realistic and applicable strategies for the sustainable management of genetically diverse rice resources. This study is a pioneering effort where GBS-SNP markers were employed to assess the tremendous genetic diversity and structure of rice landrace collections from northern Kerala. Kerala holds an immense diversity of rice landraces that encountered selection pressures of environmental heterogeneity, biotic and abiotic stresses, however competent rather provide good yields, whereby drawing the attention of the rice breeding sector. The population structure and diversity analyses separated the accessions into three distinct subpopulations with a huge amount of genetic variation within subpopulations. Nei’s genetic distance analysis confirmed the existence of strong genetic differentiation among rice landrace populations. The values of FST and Nm established the farmers’ effort to preserve the genetic purity of rice landraces despite the extensive seed exchange programs across the states of India. Moreover, this low level of gene flow among subpopulations could provide the opportunity for well-adapted combinations of genes to be established by natural selection. The clustering pattern based on SNP markers furnished sufficient knowledge in identifying rice genotypes that eliminates the likelihood of duplication among indigenous cultivars. Similar clustering patterns of genotypes revealed shared genetic characters among them. Collectively these analyses can be used to completely understand the population of rice landraces in Kerala while contributing insights toward the evolution and selective pressures underlying these unique landraces.
Left Uniportal VATS for Lung Decortication After Chemical Pleurodesis Under Spontaneous Breathing in Patient with Lymphangiomyomatosis – A Case Report.
Authors: MANTOVANI SARA , Vannucci Jacopo , Bassi Massimiliano , Mottola Emilia , Venuta Federico , Anile Marco 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Pneumothorax can be the first symptom of lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Patients with lymphangioleiomyomatosis have a higher risk of recurrence of pneumothorax. Chemical pleurodesis is a viable option to treat the recurrence, but in rare cases, it is not the solution. Case Presentation: We present the case of a patient with lymphangioleiomyomatosis undergoing a talc poudrage via video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for pneumothorax that failed to re-expand the lung. We proposed to the patient a surgical approach to debride the lung parenchyma with the patient under deep sedation with spontaneous breathing. The patient was discharged on the 5th postoperative day. The chest computed tomography scan showed complete lung re-expansion. Conclusion: We advocate that video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in patients who are awake is a feasible surgical option that permits the restoration of physiological lung expansion in selected patients who underwent chemical pleurodesis and minimizes the risk of one-lung ventilation.
Nexus between Indigenous Ecological Knowledge and Ecosystem Services: A Socio-Ecological Analysis for Sustainable Ecosystem Management
Authors: Das Manob , Das Arijit , Seikh Selim , Pandey Rajiv 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The well-being of the human society cannot be ensured and sustainable unless the flow of Ecosystem Services (ESs) would be matching with their consistent demand. The consistent flow of ESs required sustainable management of ecological resources of the ecosystem. The management of ecosystem can be ensured with variety of approaches. Integration of indigenous ecological knowledge (IEK) in management prescription with the view that IEK based extraction of ESs ensures removal of resources from the ecosystem within the limit thereby ensuring the sustainability of ecosystem. Present study is an evaluation to understand the nexus between ESs and IEK for sustainable environmental management. The focus of the study was a tribal dominated socio-ecological patch of Barind Region of Malda district, Eastern India. The assessment of ESs and IEK was based on the data collected from the randomly selected tribal households following the pre-tested questionnaire containing questions on ESs as per millennium ecosystem assessment. The data were analyzed following social preference approach, and statistical tests (Krushkal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney). General linear model (GLM) has also been used to examine the impact of socio-demographic attributes on the perceived valuation of ESs. The results revealed that the provisioning ESs (such as water, fuel wood, medical plants) was most preferred followed by cultural and regulating ESs by tribal. Differential importance of ESs was observed among tribal and accounted by gender, education as well as age of the tribe. A gap between the actual accessibility and evaluation of ESs by the tribal communities was also apparent. The socio-demographic attributes have an immense impact on the valuation of ecosystem services and also governed based on the IEK. Various types of indigenous ecological belief systems were closely linked with conservation of ecosystem and sustainable supply of ESs. Present study can contribute to understand socio-ecological nexus with the lens of IEK in tribal dominated ecological landscapes for improved ecosystem and environmental management besides ensuring sustainability of flow of ecosystem services.
Assessment of Alluvial Aquifer Intrinsic Vulnerability by a Generic Drastic Model; A Discussion on Data Adequacy and Pragmatic Results
Authors: Taheri Kamal , Missimer Thomas M. , Maleki Amjad , Omidipour Reza , Bahrami Jamil 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

DRASTIC is a model that is commonly used to assess vulnerability to groundwater contamination at the landscape scale. When sparse data are available to populate the layers of the model, it can be difficult to ascertain the true usefulness of the model produced map. In this research an alluvial aquifer, the Sahneh aquifer in Kermanshah province of western Iran, was mapped using the generic DRASTIC model. The data available for populating the model layers were generally sparse. The model was validated using a nitrate concentration map constructed from well water measurements within the DRASTIC map area. A Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) analysis was conducted by placing 500 random points in the DRASTIC generated map compared to the nitrate concentration map. The area under the curve was compared and yielded a value of 0.72 or 72% concordance, which means it has good validity. This investigation demonstrates that a generic DRASTIC model can yield acceptable results without modification or increasing its complexity. If the ROC analysis had yielded a value <50%, then the DRASTIC would have been considered to not be useful. A common mistake in the use of DRASTIC is to modify the method to greatly increase its complexity, which may actually decrease, not increase the resultant model usefulness.
Treatment With Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Induces Adipose Tissue Browning and Exerts Thermogenic Actions in Vivo.
Authors: Kimura Haruka , Nagoshi Tomohisa , Oi Yuhei , Yoshii Akira , Tanaka Yoshiro , Takahashi Hirotake , Kashiwagi Yusuke , Tanaka Toshikazu D , Yoshimura Michihiro 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Although natriuretic peptides (NPs) classically act on the renal and cardiovascular systems, increasing evidence suggests that NPs also largely coordinate inter-organ metabolic crosstalk with adipose tissues and play a critical role in energy metabolism. We recently reported that A-type NP (ANP) raises the intracellular temperature in cultured adipocytes in a low-temperature-sensitive manner. We herein investigated whether or not exogenous ANP treatment exerts a significant impact on adipose tissues in vivo using diet-induced obese mice.Methods and Results: C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or normal-fat diet (NFD) for 13 weeks were treated with or without ANP infusion subcutaneously via osmotic pump for another 3 weeks (0.5 μg/kg/min). The intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test showed that ANP treatment significantly ameliorated HFD-induced insulin resistance. Histological analyses revealed that HFD increased the brown adipose tissue (BAT) cell size with the accumulation of lipid droplets (whitening), which was suppressed by ANP treatment (re-browning). Furthermore, HFD induced enlarged lipid droplets in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT), crown-like structures in epididymal WAT (eWAT), and hepatic steatosis, all of which were substantially attenuated by ANP treatment. Likewise, ANP treatment markedly increased the expression of uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1), a specific marker of BAT, in iWAT (browning). ANP also further increased the UCP1 expression in BAT with an NFD. Accordingly, the cold tolerance test (at 4 °C for 4 h) demonstrated that the ANP-treated mice were tolerant to cold exposure.Conclusions: Exogenous ANP administration ameliorates HFD-induced insulin resistance by attenuating hepatic steatosis as well as by inducing adipose tissue browning (activation of the adipose tissue thermogenic program), leading to in vivo thermogenesis during cold exposure.
CLADE: Cluster learning-assisted directed evolution
Authors: Qiu Yuchi , Hu Jian , Wei Guo-Wei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Directed evolution (DE), a strategy for protein engineering, optimizes protein properties (i.e. fitness) by expensive and time-consuming screen or selection of a large combinatorial sequence space. Machine learning-assisted directed evolution (MLDE) that screens variant properties in silico can reduce the experimental burden. However, the MLDE utilizing small experimentally labeled training data from random sampling renders low global maximal fitness hitting rates. This work introduces a cluster learning-assisted directed evolution (CLADE) framework, particularly designed for systems without high-throughput screening assays, that combines sampling through hierarchical unsupervised clustering and supervised learning to guide protein engineering. Based on general biological information, CLADE splits the genetic combinatorial space into various subspaces with heterogeneous evolutionary traits, which guides the selection of experimental sampling sets and the subsequent building up of supervised learning training sets. By virtually screening two four-site combinatorial fitness landscapes from protein G domain B1 (GB1) and PhoQ, our CLADE consistently showed near 3-fold improvement on global maximal fitness hitting rate than using randomly sampled training data. Our CLADE can be easily applied to various biological systems and customized for systems with different throughput levels to maximize its accuracy and efficiency. It promises a significant impact to protein engineering.
Different Sources Of Fat In Supplements For Beef Cattle At Pasture
Authors: Freiria Lucien Bissi da , Zervoudakis Joanis Tilemahos , de Paula Nelcino Francisco , Fonseca Mozart Alves , Silva Pedro Ivo José Lopes da Rosa e , Silva Yasmim Rodrigues Vilas Boas e , Possamai Adriano Jorge 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the consequences of the fat supplementation source (free oil and rumen-protected fat) on the nutrient intake and digestion of beef cattle at pasture. Five rumen-cannulated Nelore bulls, with an average 467.8±32.8 kg of body weight (BW) and age of 26 months, were distributed in a Latin square design (5 x 5). The treatments were as follows: WF: without fat, PS: rumen-protected fat soybean oil, PA: rumen-protected fat palm oil, SO: soybean free oil, and CO: corn free oil. Nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal pH and ammonia (NH3-N), serum urea, and nitrogen balance were analyzed. The supplements with different fat sources did not alter (P>0.05) the intake and digestibility of dry matter (DM), forage, organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral digestibility fiber (NDF), neutral digestibility corrected ash and protein (NDFap), nonfiber carbohydrates (NFC) or total digestible nutrients (TDN), except ether extract (EE). An increase (P<0.05) in the intake and digestibility was observed with the inclusion of a fat supply, independent of the fat source. Differences were observed between the WF and other supplements with regard to ruminal parameters (pH and NH3-N) (P>0.05) and serum urea (P>0.05). The nitrogen balance was not affected by the fat source (P>0.05). Supplementation of grazing beef cattle with 2 g/kg BW low-level free oil (130 g/kg DM supplement) or rumen protection (160 g/kg DM supplement) did not interfere with the characteristic nutrient intake and digestibility.