bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the tests of catalytic converters accounting for the relationship between the composition of the working mixture entering the engine combustion chamber and CO and CH in exhaust gases
Authors: Zaloznov A , Pevnev N , Borodulina S , Trofimova L 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article presents results of the study aimed to establish the relationship between the working mixture entering the engine combustion chamber and CO and CH in the exhaust gases. On the basis of the theory of fuel combustion in the engine chamber and the systematic approach, and using the mathematical methods, the fuel combustion in the combustion chamber is analyzed at low ambient temperatures to decrease emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons. The criterion for optimizing the tests of catalytic converters is substantiated for low temperatures - temperatures of the heat flow of the mixture at the exit from the combustion chambers of the engine cylinder. The limitation is the warm-up time of the catalytic converter when testing it on vehicles operating at low temperatures and the standards for the content of CO and CH in the exhaust gases of a passenger car engine. The application of the methods and the mathematical model can be the basis for supplementing UNECE Regulation No. 83-06 and improving the VI type test method for vehicles operating at low ambient temperatures.
Automatic assistance system for visual control of targets
Authors: Tulchinskii V V , Tulchinskii V I , Kondratyev S I , Boran-Keshishian A L 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the possibility of creating a system for automating the process of searching and assessing the danger of targets using machine vision and existing ship systems. The technologies for processing images from the ship’s camera system are analyzed: object recognition by a ready-made convolutional neural retrained network, as well as object detection by SURF algorithms. The parameters of the danger of goals within the framework of the problem to be solved have been analyzed and developed, and a structural analysis has been elaborated. The functionality of the automatic operation of the system as a closed circuit has been considered. To achieve the technical result in the system as an integrated part of the ship’s equipment based on cognitive information processing, a composite information object from the ship’s sensors and control systems was introduced. It is decomposed into blocks in which the associated logical information processing takes place using basic modules consisting of adaptive cells-approximators as learning elements capable of independently processing information. The following units are included in the local area network: an information support unit (ISU), a decision making unit (DMU), a command-organizational unit (COU) with an operator’s workstation. The ISU is connected by a two-way communication output with aggregate LAN units, the other output is connected in series with a situation determination unit and the “model of the surrounding space” block. The survey was carried out on board a modern LNG gas carrier using ship systems.
The onboard expert measuring system for assessing the technogenic risk during towing operations based on the fuzzy logic
Authors: Studenikin D E , Chizhikova M I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article describes a method used to create an on-board measuring system to determine the degree of risk in towing operations using the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy logic. Based on the method of paired comparisons and transformations and using the interpolation method, membership functions of linguistic variables for determining the degree of risk were calculated. To eliminate the misperception of control commands in the tug in towing operations, the concordance component of risks was used. This method was used to assess the risk value for mooring with several operations. The on-board measuring system for risk assessment was developed. Its main component is a data bank containing factors that affect an assessment of the state and results of the fuzzy logic unit. The system can assist skippers in the decision-making process in shipboard operations. The fuzzy logic system was tested by interviewing maritime workers; the result proved the adequacy of this system.
Indication of a ship location by the Earth’s geomagnetic field
Authors: Zalomikhin D V , Boran-Keshishian A L 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The present study focuses on the need to increase the number of methods for indicating a ship location in traffic conditions on routes with heavy shipping, as well as during navigation in hard hydrometeorological conditions. The research purpose is to increase the level of safety and accuracy of ship navigation and effectively meet the requirements in the field of navigation safety and environmental protection. The issue of navigating through physical fields has a wide range of unresolved tasks despite the previously conducted studies. These tasks include investigation of geomagnetic sensors and their relationship to geomagnetic maps, as well as magnetic compasses and ways to improve them by using magnetometers and eliminating errors caused by rotation of the magnetic needle.
Design concept of onboard air purification system for commercial aircraft
Authors: Gushchin S V , Polonova A V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the article is to discuss methods of air disinfection in passenger aircraft cabins during flight. In the course of the study, a comparative analysis of modern methods of cleaning and disinfecting air in closed rooms was carried out. The efficiency, mass characteristics and energy consumption of UV sources are compared. The use of photocatalytic filters based on the phenomenon of oxidation of organic substances under the influence of sunlight in the presence of a catalyst is proposed. As a result, the authors compare the efficiency of disinfection and energy consumption when using various methods of air purification. In addition, the authors draw conclusions about the prospects of the proposed method of air disinfection using photocatalytic filters in relation to the cabins of passenger aircrafts. The schemes of rational placement of UV sources are proposed, which allow obtaining the maximum efficiency of air disinfection.
Analysis of the massive MIMO technology
Authors: Druzhinina N S , Daudov I M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article discusses the features of the Massive MIMO technology, the structure of the antenna array, as well as the advantages and example of using the massive MIMO system. The use of Massive MIMO opens up new opportunities and makes a significant contribution to achieving the stated requirements for the further evolution of LTE and 5G.
Description and tests of a control system for automatic emergency braking of a car with an algorithm for predicting the adhesion of automobile tires to the road surface
Authors: Petin V V , Keller A V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Every year the number of cars in the world is steadily growing, which in turn leads to an increase in road accidents. Russia, as the largest country by area in the world, has a number of traffic-related features that are not typical for other regions, including changing road and climatic conditions. The sharp increase in the number of accidents in the first hours after precipitation is especially noticeable, that indicates the difficulty to adapt to the changing traffic situation for vehicle drivers. More than 60% of collisions, according to the traffic police databases for 2018-2019, occur due to incorrect predictions by drivers of the braking distance of their cars. As a rule, this can happen due to the inexperience of the driver, incorrect assessment of the current adhesion properties of the roadway, distraction to a mobile phone, the climate or multimedia system of the car, movement with insufficient visibility. Preventing collisions occurring in such scenarios is the main task of an intelligent driver assistance system such as the automatic emergency braking system. The main part of this system is an adequate assessment of dynamically changing road and climatic conditions and warning the driver of a possible collision hazard, as well as automatic action on the vehicle’s brake drive to prevent a collision. The article describes control algorithms for assessing and predicting dangerous situations.
Algorithm for adapting the clutch of robotic transmissions of commercial vehicles in the light commercial vehicles and light-duty trucks class
Authors: Vashurin A S , Yarzhemskiy A D , Stepanov E V , Yusupov R R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the modern world, the main efforts of developers of commercial vehicles are aimed at increasing the economic efficiency of using cars, reducing the negative impact on the environment and increasing the level of safety, both passive and active. The use of automatic transmissions allows the engine to work in the most optimal modes, and the driver to concentrate on monitoring the traffic situation and not be distracted by gear shifting. In commercial vehicles, robotic mechanical transmissions have become widespread. In such a transmission, the clutch and gear selection are controlled by actuators controlled by an electronic unit. Dry clutches are common in commercial vehicle transmissions. For adequate control of the clutch, it is necessary to have its high-quality model, which takes into account the coefficient of friction, touch point, the effect of temperature and many other factors. Therefore, the actual problem in the control of such transmissions is to determine the touch point of the clutch, which can serve as the main source of uncertainty in the clutch model along with the coefficient of friction. This article proposes an adaptation method for assessing the clutch touch point in real time. This approach has been applied to dry clutch control in transmissions of LCV and LDT vehicles, and the results are experimentally validated on robotic transmissions in production vehicles.
Improvement of the vessel traffic control system for accident-free electronic navigation in the port area
Authors: Vasyutina A A , Popov V V , Kondratyev A I , Boran-Keshishyan A L 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The increase in the intensity of navigation leads to unsafe navigation, which necessitates the improvement of existing measures to ensure safe navigation using specific mathematical models and methods. The configuration of the mathematical model of the traffic flow of ships obtained in this study is realizable on modern computer technology and can be applied by embedding advanced ship traffic control systems, which is an object of the infrastructure of a modern seaport.
Optimization of the configurations of the control complex of the integrated navigation bridge of the ship by the method of multiprogramming
Authors: Troeglazov A P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the concept of development of E-navigation, large control systems for navigation, navigation safety, optimization of ship operation, and cargo operations are being developed. The vector of the direction of this development leads to fully automatic management of the maritime industry and individual segments, such as navigation and terminal operations, with the transfer of unified databases to “cloud” technologies. In modern control systems, a significant number of programs for processing information flows and databases are required from external sources. The method of addressing “cloud” technologies and external storage devices, which are updated in real-time, and a complete transition from analog, analog-digital, only to digital media and information processing systems, is adopted. The method of addressing “cloud” technologies and external storage devices, which are updated in real-time, and a complete transition from analog, analog-digital, only to digital media and information processing systems, is adopted. Modern computer systems for helping the navigator in making decisions are shifting to the area of deep integration of control actions and information processing in real perception and optimization of a verified and safe algorithm of actions. The time of work with such complexes depends on the efficiency in organizing data exchange in the “man-machine” system. In the study, an algorithm was developed for deep optimization of the control complex of the ship, to minimize and create a control shell of the “man-machine” system, using the multiprogramming method to stabilize the route passage.
Evaluation of the compatibility of the power traction supply system with a use of a “virtual coupling” technology
Authors: Olentsevich V A , Astashkov N P , Akhmetshin A R , Suslov K V , Shtayger M G , Karlina A I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This article will propose the practical use of the interval control technology that will reduce the interval of passing trains and will increase the capacity of railway lines. Controlled approbation of the technology was carried out on railway sections for freight traffic: Shkotovo - Nakhodka, Novonezhino - Krasnoarmeysky of the Far Eastern railway and Koshurnikovo-Shchetinkino of the Krasnoyarsk railway in terms of “push locomotives” transferring to the opposite direction using the “virtual coupling” system; Mogocha - Urusha of the Trans-Baikal railway in terms of traffic organizing using the “virtual coupling” system for empty trains during long “Windows” on infrastructure; Slyudyanka - Bolshoy Lug of the East Siberian railway in terms of testing interval control technology to ensure the return of odd freight trains “push locomotives” using the “virtual coupling” system. The practical experience of the system use considered in the article allowed us to identify the main directions for its further development: protected radio channel stability improvement in obstacles of the rough terrain and the presence of tunnels; auto-driving algorithms operation.
Formalized model and algorithm for managing complex interaction of heterogeneous transport
Authors: Shramko A P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The problem of ensuring the reliability of heterogeneous transport systems is extremely multifaceted and covers all stages of development - from design to operation. To increase efficiency, there is a need to harmonize the processes taking place in heterogeneous systems within the framework of single transport communication. The lack of appropriate theoretical justification leads in practice to the emergence of insufficiently substantiated decisions, because of which subsequent efforts made to eliminate the discovered shortcomings are, as a rule, costly and ineffective. Assessment of the system of integrated regulation of the transport system, from the point of view of its sustainability, is an indispensable condition for its operational efficiency and reliability. The efficiency of transport processes assumes that the effective functioning of local transport systems is ensured by the level of interaction between participants in the transport process, modes of transport that create positive dynamics of transit freight turnover. The paper substantiates the need for complex interaction in the management of the regional transport system, considering the interaction of adjacent modes of transport in a single information space. The method describes in detail the solution of forecasting and coordination problems in maritime transport systems, harmonization of the interests of heterogeneous transport in solving forecasting and control problems.
Modeling of intelligent transport systems maintenance processes
Authors: Goloskokov K , Korotkov V , Marley V , Knysh T 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper describes the problems of modeling of technical support systems of transport systems related to organizational and technical systems based on the implementation of the system approach to information technologies. It gives the theoretical basis for the description of technical maintenance of intelligent transport systems taking into account cybernetic representation. The paper also justifies the formalization of the process of technical maintenance of information systems, which include intelligent transport systems. It shows that a modern maintenance system of intelligent systems should be able to quickly adapt to needs and, if necessary, increase the amount of recovery works without disrupting the existing mode of operation.
Research of algorithms for road marking recognition in the lane departure warning system
Authors: Tumasov A V , Yu Tyugin D , Porubov D M , Filatov V I , Gladyshev A A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The way to improve the safety of vehicles using ADAS systems has successfully proved itself in practice. The use of ADAS systems in vehicles is mandatory in many countries of the world and is accepted at the state level. One of the most widely used ADAS systems is the Lane Departure Warning System (LDWS). The paper describes the principles of operation of existing LDWS in the segment of light commercial vehicles (LCV). The algorithm and structure of the developed LDWS for the GAZelle Next vehicle are presented. The description and analysis of algorithms for recognition of road markings are given. The results and comparative analysis of virtual and road tests of the LDWS are presented. Conclusions are given on the operation of the system and the algorithm for recognizing road markings.
Determination of the optimal modes of filling and emptying the chamber of the navigational lock of a low-pressure hydroelectric complex
Authors: Morgunov K P , Ryabov G , Buchnev I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The construction of the low-pressure Nizhny Novgorod hydroelectric complex covered by the Strategy for the Development of Inland Water Transport of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 envisages a ship lock as part of the hydroelectric system to ensure ships passage. One of the options under consideration is a ship lock with a head power system, which uses short bypass water-circulating culvert for filling and emptying the chamber. At the same time, an important task is to select the optimal modes ensuring movement of the gates of the filling and emptying systems, in which the normative values of the hydrodynamic forces influencing the vessel in the chamber during the lock process would not be exceeded. The article describes the experience of performing laboratory hydraulic studies of the ship lock model and presents the results of determining the optimal modes of locks movement in the ship lock filling and emptying systems. The studies were carried out on a model located in the hydrotechnical laboratory named after Professor V.E. Timonov of the State University of Maritime and River Fleet named after Admiral S.O. Makarov. The article describes the experience of performing laboratory hydraulic studies of the ship lock model and presents the results of determining the optimal modes of gates movement in the ship lock filling and emptying systems. The studies were carried out on a model located in the hydrotechnical laboratory named after Professor V.E. Timonov of the State University of Maritime and River Fleet named after Admiral S.O. Makarov. The studies included three series of measurements taken at different speeds of gates movement. The speeds were assigned based on the following idea: the maximum hydrodynamic forces of one of the series were close to the permissible values, and of the other two – 30–50 % smaller and larger, respectively. The experimental results determined the optimal operating modes of the systems for filling and emptying the lock chamber. It is recommended to select of the optimal modes of gates movement in full-scale conditions on the newly built ship locks immediately after their construction.
Information Security Problems and Solutions in Cloud Era
Authors: Huang Kun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Era of cloud computing, data and personal information into gold on the “cloud” has great value, at present for the cloud of the era of corporate and personal data leakage, network attacks and other security events are occurring, this article mainly discusses the cloud age how to ensure the security of enterprise and personal data, the information security how from passive defense to conduct surveillance and response, etc are analyzed and explored.
Image Compression Algorithm Based On Variational Autoencoder
Authors: Sun Ying , Li Lang , Ding Yang , Bai Jiabao , Xin Xiangning 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Variational Autoencoder (VAE), as a kind of deep hidden space generation model, has achieved great success in performance in recent years, especially in image generation. This paper aims to study image compression algorithms based on variational autoencoders. This experiment uses the image quality evaluation measurement model, because the image super-resolution algorithm based on interpolation is the most direct and simple method to change the image resolution. In the experiment, the first step of the whole picture is transformed by the variational autoencoder, and then the actual coding is applied to the complete coefficient. Experimental data shows that after encoding using the improved encoding method of the variational autoencoder, the number of bits required for the encoding symbol stream required for transmission or storage in the traditional encoding method is greatly reduced, and symbol redundancy is effectively avoided. The experimental results show that the image research algorithm using variational autoencoder for image 1, image 2, and image 3 reduces the time by 3332, 2637, and 1470 bit respectively compared with the traditional image research algorithm of self-encoding. In the future, people will introduce deep convolutional neural networks to optimize the generative adversarial network, so that the generative adversarial network can obtain better convergence speed and model stability.
A novel Image Security Protection Method Based on DCT Compression Theory and Hyper-chaotic Mapping
Authors: Xue Xianglian , Jin Haiyan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper studies the current situation of image compression encryption and analyzes the influence of low frequency (DC coefficient) and high frequency (AC coefficient) on image structure in DCT transformation. Based on this, a novel image security protection method based on DCT compression theory and hyper-chaotic mapping is proposed. First, the position of the pixel of the original image is disturbed, and converts the image from spatial domain into frequency domain by the two-dimensional DCT transformation and quantization. Second, change the pixel values by modifying the values of the sign bit of AC coefficient and DC coefficient. At last, the encrypted image is obtained by carrying out inverse quantization, inverse transformation and reverse operation by bit.
Application of Blockchain Technology in Supply Alliance Chain Under Big Data Time Domain
Authors: Huang Youpeng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The 21st century is the era of big data. Data is growing at a massive amount of time, and the value of data itself is increasing rapidly. In the era of big data, the demand for security continues to increase, and traditional methods are obviously unable to meet the increasing demand. As a trust-building machine, blockchain technology, especially the multi-center architecture and multi-institutional cooperation scenarios of the alliance chain, satisfies the needs of cross-domain authentication among regions, industries, and enterprises. The purpose of this article is to analyze and discuss the application of blockchain technology in the supply alliance chain under the time domain of big data. This article first introduces the core technology of blockchain through an overview of blockchain theory, and analyzes the status quo of supply alliance chains. Finally, it integrates big data and blockchain technology to explore the supply of blockchain technology in the time domain of big data. Experimental research shows that compared with the traditional supply alliance chain technology, the supply alliance chain that applies the blockchain technology in the big data time domain is more feasible.