bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Public Capital on Aggregate Output
Authors: Wesselhöft Jan-Erik 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Based on new estimates of public and private capital stocks for 22 OECD countries we study the dynamic effect of public capital on the real gross domestic product using a vector autoregression approach. Whereas most former studies put effort on examining the effects of public capital in a single country, this paper covers a large set of OECD countries. The results show that public capital has a positive effect on output in the short-, medium- and long-run in most countries. In countries where the effect is negative, possible explanations as the different productivities of investments, crowding out or high growth rates of government debt are analyzed.
Nowcasting Regional GDP: The Case of the Free State of Saxony
Authors: Henzel Steffen R. , Lehmann Robert , Wohlrabe Klaus 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We tackle the nowcasting problem at the regional level, using a large set of indicators (regional, national and international) for the years 1998 to 2013. We explicitly take into account the ragged-edge data structure and consider the different information sets faced by a regional forecaster within each quarter. It appears that regional survey results in particular improve forecasting accuracy. Among the 10% best performing models for the short forecasting horizon, one fourth contain regional indicators. Hard indicators from the German manufacturing sector and the Composite Leading Indicator for Europe also deliver useful information for the prediction of regional GDP in Saxony. Unlike national GDP forecasts, the performance of regional GDP is similar across different information sets within a quarter.
Determinants of house price dynamics. What can we learn from search engine data?
Authors: Oestmann Marco , Bennöhr Lars 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
There is a broad literature on determinants of house price dynamics, which received increasing attention in the aftermath of the subprime crisis. Additional to macroeconomic standard variables, there might be other hard to measure or even unobservable factors influencing real estate prices. Using quarterly data, we try to increase the informational input of conventional models and capture such effects by including Google search engine query information into a set of standard fundamental variables explaining house prices. We use the house price index (HPI) published by Eurostat to perform fixed-effects regressions for a panel of 14 EU-countries comprising the years 2005-2013. We find that Google data as a single aggregate measure plays a prominent role in explaining house price developments.
Money growth variability and output: evidence with credit card-augmented Divisia monetary aggregates
Authors: Liu Jinan , Serletis Apostolos 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We reexamine the effects of the variability of money growth on output, raised by Mascaro and Meltzer (1983), in the era of the increasing use of alternative payments, such as credit cards. Using a bivariate VARMA, GARCH-in-Mean, asymmetric BEKK model, we find that the volatility of the credit card-augmented Divisia M4 monetary aggregate has a statistically significant negative impact on output from 2006:7 to 2019:3. However, there is no effect of the traditional Divisia M4 growth volatility on real economic activity. We conclude that the balance sheet targeting monetary policies after the financial crisis in 2007–2009 should pay more attention on the broad credit card-augmented Divisia M4 aggregate to address economic and financial stability.
Erlebniswert Olympischer Winterspiele in München 2018/ Experiential Value of Hosting the 2018 Winter Olympics in Munich
Authors: Preuß Holger , Werkmann Katrin 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, mittels der Contingent Valuation Methode (CVM) den Erlebniswert der Ausrichtung der Olympischen Winterspiele in München 2018 sowie den Stolz, diese Veranstaltung in Deutschland zu wissen, für die deutsche Bevölkerung monetär zu quantifizieren. Die Stichprobe zur Erfassung der sog. Zahlungsbereitschaft umfasst 1.011 Personen. Diese wurden mit Fragebögen dazu befragt, was sie dafür zu zahlen bereit wären, dass die Winterspiele 2018 in Deutschland stattfinden. Die Berechnung der gesamten aggregierten Zahlungsbereitschaft (ZB) der deutschen Bevölkerung erfolgt mittels zweier Szenarien, wonach sich insgesamt 535,4 Mio. € bzw. 787,4 Mio. € ergeben. Regressionsanalytische Auswertungen zeigen, dass die Sportbegeisterung und die Einstellung zu den Olympischen Spielen im Allgemeinen wesentliche Faktoren sind, die die ZB beeinflussen. Abschließend wird die CVM kritisch diskutiert und ihre Schwächen und Anwendungsrestriktionen dargestellt.
Strukturelle und kontextuelle Spezifika von selbstorganisierten Migrantensportvereinen / Structural and Contextual Aspects of Self-Organized Migrant Sports Clubs
Authors: Stahl Silvester , Wicker Pamela , Breuer Christoph 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag behandelt strukturelle und kontextuelle Spezifika von selbstorganisierten Migrantensportvereinen auf statistischer Grundlage. Er beruht auf einer Sonderauswertung des für den Sportentwicklungsbericht 2009/2010 durch eine Befragung von Sportvereinen in ganz Deutschland gewonnenen Datensatzes (N=19.345). Durch univariate Varianzanalysen abgesicherte Mittelwertvergleiche zwischen den anhand ihrer Mitglieder- und Vorstandszusammensetzung als solche kategorisierten Migrantensportvereinen und den restlichen Vereinen der Stichprobe werden ergänzt durch eine Matched-Pairs- Analyse und eine Regressionsanalyse. Die dafür herangezogenen Vergleichsvariablen liegen in den Bereichen Mitgliederstruktur, Vereinstätigkeit, Standort und Problembelastung. Unter anderem haben Migrantensportvereine im Durchschnitt weniger Mitglieder und einen höheren Männeranteil, öfter Fußball im Angebot und häufiger existenzbedrohende Probleme als andere Sportvereine.
Zwischen Regelgebundenheit und diskretionären Spielräumen: Die Finanzierung des bundesdeutschen Spitzensports/ Between rule-based decisions and discretionary power: On the system of financing German elite sports
Authors: Emrich Eike , Pierdzioch Christian , Rullang Christian 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung
Der Geschäftsbereich Leistungssport (GBL) des Deutschen Olympischen Sportbundes (DOSB) agiert als Common Agent („Diener zweier Herren“), nämlich der Sportverbände und des Bundes­ministern des Innern (BMI) bei der Verteilung der Sportfördermittel des BMI an die olympischen Spitzenverbände im DOSB. In diesem Beitrag wird theoriegeleitet ein Hypothesensystem entwickelt, welches beschreibt, nach welchen Kriterien der GBL bei der Verteilung der Mittel vorgeht. Es zeigt sich, dass neben den Bewertungskriterien, die im so genannten Förderkonzept 2012 formalisiert werden, diskretionäre Handlungsspielräume bestehen. Diese werden quantifiziert und mittels des Hypothesensystems interpretiert. Es wird diskutiert, wie die Problematik einer Common Agency entschärft werden kann.
Kult, Tora und Offenbarung
Authors: Gesundheit Shimon 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung:
Benno Jacob war nicht nur ein wichtiger Kritiker der literarhistorischen Bibelwissenschaft Julius Wellhausens, sondern er stand auch in der Behandlung allgemeinerer theologischer Themen im Widerspruch zu ihm. Gegenüber Julius Wellhausen verwies er zum Beispiel gegen eine zu starke Historisierung auf die Symbolsprache der Bibel, argumentierte für das biblische Gesetz als »wahres praktisches Evangelium« und hob es gemäß der Tora als göttliche Offenbarung hervor – wie sich anhand einer Durchsicht seiner veröffentlichten und bisher noch unveröffentlichten Werke zeigt.
Zinsbereinigung des Eigenkapitals im internationalen Steuerwettbewerb – Eine kostengünstige Alternative zu “Thin Capitalization Rules”?
Authors: Rumpf Dominik 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates the impact of an Allowance for Corporate Equity (ACE) on the expected tax revenues and on the international tax competition. Beginning with an analysis of the relation between the rate of return on equity and the interest rate on the capital market, this paper figures out some effects which cause surprisingly low net assets used to calculate the ACE. This yields to a strong impact on the financial structure of multicorporate enterprises although there is only a moderate decline in tax revenues. Focusing profit shifting via transfer prices, the ACE has no positive effect. Only a cut of the corporate tax rate is useful in this context. The relevance of these results is additionally affirmed by using the statistical data published by the “Deutsche Bundesbank”, the central bank of Germany, which includes an aggregated corporate balance sheet. All in all, the ACE can be seen as an alternative to the new German thin capitalization rules applied in 2008 (“Zinsschranke”). Additionally, the low tax revenue losses constitute a new advantage for the ACE as a blueprint for corporate tax reforms. This is also interesting because an ACE could reduce the negative effects on the financial structure of firms which accompanies the implementation of a low withholding tax on interests.
Kristall- und Molekülstruktur von bis -Methallylnickel Ni[(CH2)2C · CH]2
Authors: Uttech Rüdiger , Dietrich Hans 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The crystal structure of bis-methallylnickel has been determined from three-dimensional x-ray diffraction data. The space group is P21/c-C5
2h with α = 6.05; 6 = 13,48; c = 5.83 Å; β = 117.1°. The unit cell contains 2 molecules with Ni in centres of symmetry. The methallyl groups are symmetrically bonded to the nickel in an anti-sandwich arrangement. This causes the intramolecular symmetry to be 2/m. The methallyl groups are found to be nonplanar and the Ni-C bonds are quite short (average 2.02 Å).
Phases and twinning in C2Al3B48 (beta AlB12)
Authors: Matkovich Υ. I. , Giese Κ. F. , Economy J. 
Published: February 2021

Auszug
Die Aluminium-Bor-Phase, die kürzlich als β-AlB12 beschrieben wurde, besteht aus zwei kristallographisch verwandten, miteinander verwachsenen Phasen der Zusammensetzung C2Al3B48. Beide Phasen sind rhombisch. Die eine hat die Gitterkonstanten a = 12,34 Å, 6 = 12,63 Å, c = 5,08 Å und die Raumgruppe Cmma oder C2ma; bei der anderen ist a = 6,17 Å, 6 = 12,63 Å, c = 10,16 Å, mögliche Raumgruppen sind Ammm, A222 und A2mm.
Die Kristalle sind immer nach (110) und (110) verzwillingt. Gelegentlich entsteht eine ungewöhnliche Zwillingsverwachsung, in welcher die Richtungen der a- und 6-Achsen beider Phasen vertauscht sind. Das ist als ein Beweis für eine Umwandlung aus einer einzigen Hochtemperaturform anzusehen. Diese Umwandlung wurde auch röntgenographisch beobachtet. Die Hochtemperaturphase ist tetragonal mit o = 8,82 Å, c = 5,09 Å; ihre Raumgruppe ist P4/nmm, P4/n oder P42/n. Die reversible Umwandlung ist graduell und bei ungefähr 850° C vollständig.
The crystal structure of glauberite, CaNa2(SO4)2
Authors: Cocco G. , Corazza E. , Sabelli C. 
Published: February 2021

Auszug
Die Kristallstruktur des Glauberits CaNa2(SO4)2 wurde bestimmt mit Fräzessions-Daten einer einkristallinen Kugel. Es ergaben sich 4 Moleküle in der monoklinen Zelle C6
2h-C2/c; mit a = 10,158, b = 8,333, c = 8,551 Å und β = 112° 20'. Die SO4-Tetraeder sind „regulär“. Ca ist von acht O umgeben (irreguläres quadratisches Antiprisma). Na zeigt Bindungen zu sieben O (in den Ecken und im Mittelpunkt einer Fläche eines stark verzerrten Oktaeders, oktaedrische Umgebung mit einer zentrierten Fläche). Als bester B-Wert ergab sich 9,0%.
Elastische und thermoelastische Eigenschaften von CaSO4 · 2H2O (Gips)
Authors: Haussühl S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
All elastic and thermoelastic constants of gypsum have been determined by ultrasonic methods. The observed elastic anisotropy shows close relations to other anisotropic properties. The thermoelastic anisotropy as well as the different deviations from the Cauchy relation cii = c9-i-i, 9-i-i are explained as typical for hydrogen bonds with a preferential orientation.
Growth of NaCl whiskers on NaCl single crystals
Authors: Patel A. B. , Vagh A. S. , Βahl O. P. 
Published: February 2021

Auszug
NaCl-Haarkristalle bilden sich auf Natriumchlorid-Spaltfiächen beim Erhitzen im Muffelofen auf 785 °C. Die Haarkristalle wurden parallel zu ihrer Längsrichtung gespalten und in einer Mischung von Eisessig und Methylalkohol geätzt. Die Ätzfiguren sind, wie bei größeren Kristallen, auf den zusammengehörigen Spaltflächen in gleicher Weise angeordnet.
Systematic derivation of inorganic close-packed structures: AX and AX2 compounds, sequence of equal layers
Authors: Lima-De-Faria J. 
Published: February 2021

Auszug
Ein System der anorganischen Verbindungen ΑΧ und AX2, die auf dichtester Kugelpackung beruhen und aus aufeinanderfolgenden gleichen Schichten großer Ionen X und kleiner Ionen A in den Lücken der ersten bestehen, wird abgeleitet. Die Ableitung stützt sich auf Stabilitätsbedingungen der Kristallstrukturen. Ein allgemeines Gesetz für die Verteilung der kleinen Ionen wird entwickelt. Für die in der Mitteilung behandelten Typen werden neue Bezeichnungen vorgeschlagen.
Synthesis and characterization of magnetically separable La1−x
Bi
x
Cr1−y
Fe
y
O3 and photocatalytic activity evaluation under visible light
Authors: Ghafoor Aamir , Bibi Ismat , Ata Sadia , Majid Farzana , Kamal Shagufta , Rehman Fariha , Iqbal Shahid , Aamir Muhammad , Slimani Yassine , Iqbal Munawar , Mailk Abdul 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A series of Bi and Fe doped La1−x
Bi
x
Cr1−y
Fe
y
O3 (x = 0.00–0.10 and y = 0.02–0.12) perovskites were fabricated through a facile microemulsion method and were characterized by XRD, DC electrical-resistivity, dielectric, VSM, and UV–Visible measurements. Orthorhombic phase of synthesized substituted chromite nanocrystallite was confirmed by powdered XRD analysis with crystallite size in 47.8–32.9 nm range. DC electrical resistivity was observed to increase from 1.70–39.99 × 108 Ω-cm. Dielectric parameters analyzed in frequency range of 20 kHz–20 MHz were decreased, while magnetic parameters were observed to increase with the increase in dopant (Bi+3 and Fe+3) concentration. Whereas coercivity values was low (narrow hysteresis loop), which indicate the soft ferromagnetic of the prepared material materials which are quite useful to employ in storage devices and electronics. Moreover, La1−x
Bi
x
Cr1−y
Fe
y
O3 degraded 90.80% Rhodamine B dye under visible light irradiation within 55 min. The increase in electrical resistivity, while decrease in dielectric parameters was also observed with increase in dopant concentration, ferromagnetic nature and excellent photocatalytic properties make this material suitable for high frequency energy devices, microwave appliances as well as an excellent magnetically separable photocatalyst for the purification of contaminated wastewater.
Quantum chemical study of inner-sphere complexes of trivalent lanthanide and actinide ions on the corundum (110) surface
Authors: Polly R. , Schimmelpfennig B. , Flörsheimer M. , Rabung Th. , Kupcik T. , Klenze R. , Geckeis H. 
Published: February 2021

Summary
Sorption plays a major role in the safety assessment of nuclear waste disposal. In the present theoretical study we focused on understanding the interaction of trivalent lanthanides and actinides (La3+, Eu3+ and Cm3+) with the corundum (110) surface. Optimization of the structures were carried out using density functional theory with different basis sets. Additionally, Møller-Plesset perturbation theory of second order was used for single point energy calculations. We studied the structure of different inner-sphere complexes depending on the surface deprotonation and the number of water molecules in the first coordination shell. The most likely structure of the inner-sphere complex (tri- or tetradentate) was predicted. For the calculations we used a cluster model for the surface. By deprotonating the cluster a chemical environment at elevated pH values was mimicked. Our calculations predict the highest stability for a tetradentate inner-sphere surface complexes with five water molecules remaining in the first coordination sphere of the metal ions. The formation of the inner-sphere complexes is favored when a coordination takes place with at most one deprotonated surface aluminol group located beneath the inner-sphere complex. The mutual interaction between sorbing metal ions at the surface is studied as well. The minimal possible distance between two inner-sphere sorbed metal ions at the surface was determined to be 530 pm.
Isolation of hydroxytyrosol from olive leaves extract, radioiodination and investigation of bioaffinity using in vivo/in vitro methods
Authors: Ozkan M. , Muftuler F. Z. Biber , Kilcar A. Yurt , Medine E. I. , Unak P. 
Published: February 2021

Summary
It is known that medicinal plants like olive have biological activities due to their flavonoid content such as olueropein, tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol etc. In current study, hydroxytrosol (HT) which is one of the major phenolic compounds in olive, olive leaves and olive oil, was isolated after methanol extraction and purification of olive leaves which are grown in the northern Anatolia region of Turkey. The isolated HT was radiolabeled with 131I (131I-HT) and the bioaffinity of this radiolabeled component of olive leaves extract was investigated by using in vivo/in vitro methods. It was found that HT could be radiolabeled with 131I in yields of 95.6±4.4% (n = 8), and in vivo studies showed that 131I-HT is taken up by urinary bladder, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, breast and prostate. Significant incorporation of activity was observed in cell lines via in vitro studies.
Study on cleaning solvents using activated alumina in PUREX process
Authors: Arai Y. , Ogino H. , Takeuchi M. , Kase T. , Nakajima Y. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The PUREX process is used to extract uranium and plutonium from dissolved solutions (spent nuclear fuel liquor). The extractant is 30% tributyl phosphate in n-dodecane, which is known to be degradable by radiation and nitric acid. Tributyl phosphate degradation products can generally be washed in alkali solutions like sodium carbonate solution; however, it is more difficult to remove n-dodecane degradation products using this method. A method of cleaning solvents using activated alumina is discussed in this study. A degradation sample of 30% TBP/n-dodecane was prepared by irradiating (1.6 MGy) with a 60Co gamma-source. The degradation products were then qualitatively analyzed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). After being irradiated the solvents were cleaned with activated alumina, and a phase separation test with performed in evaluating the cleaned solvent. This resulted in the discovery of a procedure for the removal of n-dodecane degradation products of dodecanol and dodecanone, with about 70% of the degradation products, and the phase separation performance could be clearly improved through use of activated alumina.
Chlorination of antimony and its volatilization treatment of waste antimony-uranium composite oxide catalyst
Authors: Sawada K. , Enokida Y. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
For the waste antimony-uranium composite oxide catalyst, the chlorination of antimony and its volatilization treatment were proposed, and evaluated using hydrogen chloride gas at 873–1173 K. During the treatment, the weight loss of the composite oxide sample, which resulted from the volatilization of antimony, was confirmed. An X-ray diffraction analysis showed that uranium oxide, U3O8, was formed during the reaction. After the treatment at 1173 K for 1 h, almost all the uranium contained in the waste catalyst was dissolved by a 3 M nitric acid solution at 353 K within 10 min, although that of the non-treated catalyst was less than 0.1%. It was found that the chlorination and volatilization treatment was effective to separate antimony from the composite oxide catalyst and change uranium into its removable form.
Sequential anion-exchange separation of trace U, Th, Pb and lanthanides in environmental samples
Authors: Miyamoto Y. , Yasuda K. , Magara M. , Kimura T. , Usuda S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The sequential separation technique of U, Th, Pb, and the lanthanides with a single anion-exchange column was applied to analysis of the geochemical reference sample, JB-1. The separation technique was previously developed by the authors and reported. The sample was digested and dissolved in nitric acid. Five solutions of different volume containing 0.1–1 mg of the JB-1 were loaded on the separate columns, and the elements of interest in the solution were sequentially separated. The concentrations of the elements were measured with an ICP-MS. The elements were successfully separated and alkaline metals and alkaline earth metals were effectively eliminated from the elements. The elemental concentrations were concordant with the literature values within the deviation except for that of Th. The elemental concentrations were accurately determined in ≥500 μg of the JB-1 without subtraction of processing blanks.
Classification of ores used for the radiation source in NORM as consumer products by PGAA
Authors: Furuta E. , Minowa H. , Nakahara H. , Iwaoka K. , Yonehara H. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
NORM means Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material. Our object in this study is only consumer products in several kinds of NORM. The existence of NORM in our living-environment raises the radiation exposure dose of the users. This has become a world-wide issue. The sources of NORMs are mainly radionuclides in the thorium (Th) and uranium (U) series. However, we have little published information about the kinds of ores added to NORMs and there are little indications on the NORMs' labels. It is well-known that Th and U usually exist with rare earth elements. So we sought a classification method for identifying the kinds of ores added to the consumer products from the correlation of the concentration ratios of the Th/U and the Gd/Sm in NORM and ores. The conventional γ-ray spectrometry by a Ge detector for analysis of Th and U and the prompt gamma-ray activation analysis for the determination of Sm and Gd were employed. It was found that the radiation sources of NORM in the consumer products in recent markets were mainly monazite. This classification method is found to be useful to identify the ores used for the radiation sources in consumer products of NORMs.
Study of Pu(IV) and Am(III) sorption to clay minerals: laboratory experiments and modeling
Authors: Lujanienė G. , Beneš P. , Štamberg K. , Vopalka D. , Radžiūtė E. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Sorption of Pu(IV) and Am(III) to natural clay from a mixture of synthetic rainwater — cement water was studied by batch and sequential extraction experiments as a function of pH and ionic strength These experiments were intended to simulate the effect of cement dissolution, causing the release of K+, Ca2+ and other cations from solidified radioactive waste into the aqueous phass. The results indicated a complex sorption behavior of the elements studied. It was found that iron oxides play an important role in the uptake of Pu(IV), whereas ion exchange and CaCO3 are mainly responsible for the binding of Am(III) on the clay. Simplified sorption experiments were conducted with clay minerals and iron oxides, using 0.01 and 0.1 mol/L NaNO3 as background electrolyte under an Ar atmosphere, for a better understanding of the sorption mechanisms. The experimental data were interpreted using the combination of surface complexation and ion-exchange models.