bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantization of fractional harmonic oscillator using creation and annihilation operators
Authors: Al-Masaeed Mohamed , Rabei Eqab. M. , Al-Jamel Ahmed , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this article, the Hamiltonian for the conformable harmonic oscillator used in the previous study [Chung WS, Zare S, Hassanabadi H, Maghsoodi E. The effect of fractional calculus on the formation of quantum-mechanical operators. Math Method Appl Sci. 2020;43(11):6950–67.] is written in terms of fractional operators that we called

α

\alpha

-creation and

α

\alpha

-annihilation operators. It is found that these operators have the following influence on the energy states. For a given order

α

\alpha

, the

α

\alpha

-creation operator promotes the state while the

α

\alpha

-annihilation operator demotes the state. The system is then quantized using these creation and annihilation operators and the energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are obtained. The eigenfunctions are expressed in terms of the conformable Hermite functions. The results for the traditional quantum harmonic oscillator are found to be recovered by setting

α
=
1

\alpha =1

.
Considering the effect of optical attenuation on photon-enhanced thermionic emission converter of the practical structure
Authors: Huang Shanfeng , Shen Xiaoming , Fu Yuechun , He Huan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Photon-enhanced thermionic emission (PETE) is a new type of solar cell. The existing papers on PETE research do not consider the structure of actual PETE devices; in practical PETE structure, the original incident light intensity is attenuated by the window layer and the buffer layer (include anode in reflection PETE devices). In this paper, according to two kinds of the common structure of PETE device, the influence of transmission and reflection of sunlight on the conversion efficiency of PETE device is analyzed. Using a light-trapping structure on the cathode of the PETE device is a valid method to reduce the reflection of the incident light. The calculation results show that the optical attenuation has a great influence on the actual photon flux received by the cathode effective layer. Under the condition of reasonable operation of the device, the efficiency of PETE can be improved by reducing the size of the material, improving the light transmittance of the buffer layer and window layer, and using the light-trapping structure.
Associations Between Cognitive Function, Balance, and Gait Speed in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with COPD
Authors: Gore Shweta , Blackwood Jennifer , Ziccardi Tyler 
Published: August 2021

Background and Purpose:
Older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are at risk for physical and cognitive impairment. Cognitive function is associated with falls in older adults. However, it is unknown whether a relationship exists between cognitive function and falls in patients with COPD. The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between cognitive function, balance, and gait speed in older adults with COPD.

Patients and Methods:
A secondary analysis was performed using data from the 2010 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Cognitive (immediate and delayed recall, executive function) and physical (gait speed, tandem balance time) measure data were extracted for older adults with COPD (n = 382) and an age-matched control group without COPD (n = 382) who met inclusion/exclusion criteria. Multivariate linear regression modeling was performed to examine associations between cognitive function and mobility or balance while controlling for age, gender, body mass index, grip strength, and education.

Results:
In older adults with COPD, delayed recall was significantly associated with tandem balance performance (β= 1.42, P < .05). Other cognitive measures were not associated with gait speed or balance.

Conclusion:
In older adults with COPD, one of four cognitive functions was associated with a static standing balance task. Screening of cognitive function, specifically delayed recall, should be a part of the management of falls in this population.
Expertise Modulates Neural Stimulus-Tracking
Authors: Brookshire Geoffrey , Mangelsdorf Heather Harden , Sava-Segal Clara , Reis Katherine , Nusbaum Howard , Goldin-Meadow Susan , Casasanto Daniel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHow does the brain anticipate information in language? When people perceive speech, low-frequency (<10 Hz) activity in the brain synchronizes with bursts of sound and visual motion. This phenomenon, called cortical stimulus-tracking, is thought to be one way that the brain predicts the timing of upcoming words, phrases, and syllables. In this study, we test whether stimulus-tracking depends on domain-general expertise or on language-specific prediction mechanisms. We go on to examine how the effects of expertise differ between frontal and sensory cortex. We recorded electroencephalography (EEG) from human participants who were experts in either sign language or ballet, and we compared stimulus-tracking between groups while participants watched videos of sign language or ballet. We measured stimulus-tracking by computing coherence between EEG recordings and visual motion in the videos. Results showed that stimulus-tracking depends on domain-general expertise, and not on language-specific prediction mechanisms. At frontal channels, fluent signers showed stronger coherence to sign language than to dance, whereas expert dancers showed stronger coherence to dance than to sign language. At occipital channels, however, the two groups of participants did not show different patterns of coherence. These results are difficult to explain by entrainment of endogenous oscillations, because neither sign language nor dance show any periodicity at the frequencies of significant expertise-dependent stimulus-tracking. These results suggest that the brain may rely on domain-general predictive mechanisms to optimize perception of temporally-predictable stimuli such as speech, sign language, and dance.
Obesity and Health-Related Quality of Life in Children Hospitalized for Acute Respiratory Illness
Authors: Test Matthew R. , Mangione-Smith Rita , Zhou Chuan , Wright Davene R. , Halvorson Elizabeth E. , Johnson David P. , Williams Derek J. , Vachani Joyee G. , Hitt Talia A. , Tieder Joel S. 
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVES
Obesity has rapidly become a major problem for children that has adverse effects on respiratory health. We sought to assess the impact of obesity on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and hospital outcomes for children hospitalized with asthma or pneumonia.

METHODS
In this multicenter prospective cohort study, we evaluated children (aged 2–16 years) hospitalized with an acute asthma exacerbation or pneumonia between July 1, 2014, and June 30, 2016. Subjects or their family completed surveys for child HRQOL (PedsQL Physical Functioning and Psychosocial Functioning Scales, with scores ranging from 0 to 100) on hospital presentation and 2–6 weeks after discharge. BMI categories were defined as normal weight, overweight, and obesity on the basis of BMI percentiles for age and sex per national guidelines. Multivariable regression models were used to examine associations between BMI category and HRQOL, length of stay, and 30-day reuse.

RESULTS
Among 716 children, 82 (11.4%) were classified as having overweight and 138 (19.3%) as having obesity. For children hospitalized with asthma or pneumonia, obesity was not associated with worse HRQOL at presentation or 2–6 weeks after discharge, hospital length of stay, or 30-day reuse.

CONCLUSIONS
Nearly 1 in 3 children seen in the hospital for an acute asthma exacerbation or pneumonia had overweight or obesity; however, among the population of children in our study, obesity alone does not appear to be associated with worse HRQOL or hospital outcomes.
Impact of an Asthma Education Program During Admission
Authors: Jové Blanco Ana , González Roca Isora , Corredor Andrés Beatriz , Bellón Alonso Sara , Rodríguez Cimadevilla Juan , Rodríguez-Fernández Rosa 
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVES
Health educational interventions improve health outcomes and quality of life in children with asthma. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of an education intervention for an asthma inhaler technique during hospital admission for an asthma exacerbation.

METHODS
This prospective study was conducted in a pediatric hospitalization unit of a third-level hospital. Children admitted for an asthma exacerbation were eligible for inclusion. It was developed in 2 phases: during hospital admission (T1) and 1 month after discharge (T2). In the T1 phase, caregivers completed the questionnaire to assess asthma control in children (CAN questionnaire) and performed the inhaler technique, which was evaluated with a 6-step checklist. An educational intervention was performed. In the T2 phase, caregivers completed the CAN questionnaire, and the inhaler technique was reevaluated. We hypothesized that the inhaler technique improved after the implementation of an asthma education program.

RESULTS
A total of 101 children were included, of whom 85 completed the T2 phase (84%). At baseline, 11.8% of participants performed the inhaler technique correctly. All steps of the inhaler technique upgraded in the T2 phase significantly (P &lt; .01), except for the step “assemble the inhaler device correctly.” Former evaluation by a pediatric pneumologist was associated with a higher score in the inhaler technique in the T1 phase. The median CAN questionnaire score in the T1 phase was 8 (interquartile range 4–16), which reduced to 4 (interquartile range 1.2–6) in the T2 phase (P &lt; .01).

CONCLUSIONS
The development of an educational intervention during admission improved inhaler technique as well as asthma knowledge.
Implementation of a Weight-Based High-Flow Nasal Cannula Protocol for Children With Bronchiolitis
Authors: Willer Robert J. , Johnson Michael D. , Cipriano Frank A. , Stone Bryan L. , Nkoy Flory L. , Chaulk David C. , Knochel Miguel L. , Kawai Cynthia K. , Neiswender Kristi L. , Coon Eric R. 
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVES
To determine if the implementation of a weight-based high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) protocol for infants with bronchiolitis was associated with improved outcomes, including decreased ICU use.

METHODS
We implemented a weight-based HFNC protocol across a tertiary care children’s hospital and 2 community hospitals that admit pediatric patients on HFNC. We included all patients who were &lt;2 years old and had a discharge diagnosis of bronchiolitis or viral pneumonia during the preimplementation (November 2013 to April 2018) and postimplementation (November 2018 to April 2020) respiratory seasons. Data were analyzed by using an interrupted time series approach. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of patients treated in the ICU. Patients with a complex chronic condition were excluded.

RESULTS
Implementation of the weight-based HFNC protocol was associated with an immediate absolute decrease in ICU use of 4.0%. We also observed a 6.2% per year decrease in the slope of ICU admissions pre- versus postintervention. This was associated with an immediate reduction in median cost per bronchiolitis encounter of $661, a 2.3% immediate absolute reduction in the proportion of patients who received noninvasive ventilation, and a 3.4% immediate absolute reduction in the proportion of patients who received HFNC.

CONCLUSIONS
A multicenter, weight-based HFNC protocol was associated with decreased ICU use and noninvasive ventilation use. In hospitals where HFNC is used in non-ICU units, weight-based approaches may lead to improved resource use.
Posibilidades de sobrecarga en máquinas eléctricas en Colombia
Authors: Maudanz Horst 
Published: August 2021

En el diseño y cálculo de las máquinas eléctricas tienen mucha importancia los flujos de calor producido por las pérdidas de potencia en la transformación de la energía. Las sobretemperaturas resultantes en los materiales constructivos de la máquina, especialmente los no-metálicos, determinan en forma esencial la vida útil de los aparatos. De ahí resulta la importancia de la temperatura ambiente que fue sumida por la norma nacional e internacional como una magnitud constante, lo cual es exigido para cubrir el clima estacional con sus variaciones significativas durante el transcurso del año.

El clima del trópico es uno diario y el de la región andina colombiana se encuentra además vinculado al lugar sobre el nivel del mar. Así las maquinas eléctricas pueden ser mejor aprovechadas cuando se toma en cuenta la variación real de la temperatura en un clima diario y considerando la altura de instalación, permitiendo por eso una sobrecarga calculable con un modelo matemático adecuado.
SCREENING IN SPACE: RICH AND POOR CONSUMERS IN A LINEAR CITY
Authors: Kokovin Sergey , Vasilev Fedor 
Published: August 2021

Unlike standard models of monopolistic screening (second-degree price discrimination), we consider a situation where consumers are heterogeneous not only vertically, in their willingness to pay, but also horizontally, in their tastes or "addresses'' a la Hotelling's Linear City. For such a screening game, a novel model is composed. We formulate the game as an optimization program, prove the existence of equilibria, develop a method to calculate equilibria, and characterize their properties. Namely, the solution structure of the resulting menu of contracts can be either a "chain of envy'' like in usual screening or a number of disconnected chains. Unlike usual screening, "almost all'' consumers get positive informational rent. Importantly, the model can be extended to oligopoly screening.
THE VERTEX DISTANCE COMPLEMENT SPECTRUM OF SUBDIVISION VERTEX JOIN AND SUBDIVISION EDGE JOIN OF TWO REGULAR GRAPHS
Authors: Thomas Ann Susa , Kalayathankal Sunny Joseph , Kureethara Joseph Varghese 
Published: August 2021

The vertex distance complement (VDC) matrix \(\textit{C}\), of a connected graph \(G\) with vertex set consisting of \(n\) vertices, is a real symmetric matrix \([c_{ij}]\) that takes the value \(n - d_{ij}\) where \(d_{ij}\) is the distance between the vertices \(v_i\) and \(v_j\) of \(G\) for \(i \neq j\) and 0 otherwise. The vertex distance complement spectrum of the subdivision vertex join, \(G_1 \dot{\bigvee} G_2\) and the subdivision edge join \(G_1 \underline{\bigvee} G_2\) of regular graphs \(G_1\) and \(G_2\) in terms of the adjacency spectrum are determined in this paper.
SET MEMBERSHIP ESTIMATION WITH A SEPARATE RESTRICTION ON INITIAL STATE AND DISTURBANCES
Authors: Yurovskikh Polina A. 
Published: August 2021

We consider a set membership estimation problem for linear non-stationary systems for which initial states belong to a compact set and uncertain disturbances in an observation equation are integrally restricted. We provethat the exact information set of the system can be approximated by a set of external ellipsoids in the absence of disturbances in the dynamic equation.There are three examples of linear systems. Two examples illustrate the main theorem of the paper, the latter one shows the possibility of generalizing the theorem to the case with disturbances in the dynamic equation.
Hemodialysis Patients Make Long-Lived Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 that May Be Associated with Reduced Reinfection
Authors: Banham Gemma D. , Godlee Alexandra , Faustini Sian E. , Cunningham Adam F. , Richter Alex , Harper Lorraine ,   on behalf of the COVID-HD Birmingham Study Group
Published: August 2021

Significance Statement
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections have a devastating effect on patients receiving hemodialysis. To what extent infection-induced antibody responses are maintained, or protective, is unknown. This study describes the evolution of antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in a cohort of 990 patients on hemodialysis. During the first wave of the pandemic, 26% of patients had developed antispike SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Fewer PCR-confirmed second-wave infections were observed in patients with pre-existing antibodies (4.2%) than those without antibodies (11.4%). This study shows that SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in patients on hemodialysis are well maintained and associate with reduced risk of subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection.
A preparatory study of care for elderly women in rural Kenya
Authors: Amp Miyachi Kaori , Masuda Ken 
Published: August 2021

Ageing is a global phenomenon, and sub-Saharan African countries will be no exception; however, no political framework for longterm care (LTC) for the elderly has been established as yet. Moreover, very little research on ageing has been carried out. Hence, the main purpose of this study is to illustrate the life of old women in Kwale County, Kenya, focusing on care. This study was conducted mainly in 2016 and 2017 for several weeks using basic information from the HDSS in Kwale, as well as interviews with 30 informants (elderly women) as the preparatory study for a future interdisciplinary research project on ageing. There are very few studies on aging or care for the elderly in Kenya. Some previous ethnographies have described old people in powerful positions and were focused on male issues. Therefore, we have focused on women and care. This study has yielded three key findings: (1) gender issues: most caregivers for old women are also women, such as daughters and daughters-in-law; (2) social change: some older females live alone without enough support from their own children; and (3) there is not enough medical support: some old women are bedridden and have serious health problems, but they do not receive special attention, compared to younger patients.
Los cuidados invisibles. Afectividad y acciones intangibles de los cuidados
Authors: Puig Cruells Carmina 
Published: August 2021

Este artículo plantea una reflexión sobre el concepto de cuidado centrada en los aspectos afectivos que están implícitos. Se exploran aquellos aspectos afectivos, intangibles, acciones sin precio, pero con valor, de los cuidados, que, pese a su invisibilidad, son elementos constitutivos de la acción de cuidar. Nos proponemos profundizar en dicha invisibilidad con el objetivo de contribuir a enriquecer la conceptualización de los aspectos afectivos del acto de cuidar, siempre desde una perspectiva de género e intergeneracional.Reconocer la afectividad implícita en el trabajo de cuidado y cómo están afectadas por la experiencia las personas que lo realizan es una exigencia de la sociedad, tanto del trabajo de cuidado remunerado como del no remunerado, ya sean el que tiene lugar en los hogares, en de las empresas o los servicios públicos. Para elaborar el artículo hemos tomado como referencia nuestra participación en la investigación «Gendercare: el compromiso de los hombres con los cuidados de larga duración. Género, generaciones y cultura del cuidado de carácter cualitativo e interdisciplinar», que se está desarrollando en la Universidad Rovira i Virgili.
La mort i el dol: en parlem a l'escola?
Authors: Saltó Echevarria Maria 
Published: August 2021

La mort i el dol són dos tabús dins de la nostra societat. Costa molt saber quines paraules cal dir, com cal intervenir i comprendre quins sentiments i reaccions apareixeran al llarg del procés de dol. Però com actuem quan es tracta d'un infant? Davant d'aquesta situació, els adults apostem per amagar informació, actuar com si res hagués canviat i, en molts casos, obviar els sentiments que viuen els infants. I en tot això, quin paper hi ha de tenir l'escola? És per això que es planteja una recerca basada a saber si l’escola és un espai adient, a analitzar com els mestres tracten la mort i el dol a l’escola i a saber quins coneixements i estratègies tenen per tal de treballar-los.La investigació ha seguit tres línies: una recerca teòrica sobre la mort i el dol en infants d'entre sis i vuit anys, unes entrevistes a una psicòloga i a dos mestres d'escoles tarragonines, i un qüestionari respost per un total de 91 mestres d'escoles públiques i concertades de la ciutat de Tarragona. Els resultats obtinguts mostren la manca de formació envers el tema i la necessitat de treballar la mort i el dol a l’escola en edats primerenques i de comptar amb els recursos didàctics per intervenir davant d'una situació de mort o dol a l'aula. És per això que s'ha pogut desenvolupar un recull de propostes didàctiques per tal d'utilitzar-les i adaptar-les, si cal, en qualsevol etapa educativa.
Professor Endrenyi’s Legacy: An Evaluation of the Regulatory Requirement “Fixed Effects, Rather Than Random Effects, Should Be Used for All Terms”
Authors: Fuglsang Anders 
Published: August 2021

Purpose: In the latest revision of the guideline for evaluation of bioequivalence (BE), European regulators introduced the requirement for using subjects as fixed factors in the underlying statistical models, even in replicate and semi-replicate studies. The implication was that estimates of within-subject variability were derived with a linear model rather than with a mixed model based on restricted maximum likelihood (REML). While REML-based methods are generally thought to give rise to less biased estimates of variance components, there have been no studies that compared the quality of REML-based estimates and estimates derived via linear models. Methods: A publication by Endrenyi and Tothfalusi from 1999 described simulations in a fashion that is useful for testing the European Medicines Agency’s (EMA) requirement. This study defines 7 scenarios within which 10,000 individual 2-sequence, 2-treatment, 4-period trials are simulated and makes a comparison of the quality of estimates. Results: It is concluded that estimates based on REML are closer to the true values than estimates based on linear models, but significant differences are only shown in two of the seven scenarios tested. REML-based estimators have less variability. Both types of estimates appear negatively biased and will therefore decrease the width of the acceptance range.
SPORTING MOTIVATIONS OF STUDENTS WHO LIVE WITH DISABILITIES, IN THE LIGHT OF A REGIONAL RESEARCH
Authors: Laoues-Czimbalmos Nóra 
Published: August 2021

Among the sports motivations of children, victory occupies a very special place, success, achievement, the need to recognize performance, which predominantly expresses extrinsic orientation (Duda et al., 1992). Studies examining sports motivational factors for people with disabilities do not provide such a comprehensive system as research on intact sports. Thus, the survey of exercise habits and sports motivation factors that determine the quality of life of people with disabilities can be said to be a deficit area both domestically and internationally. The research examines the sports motivation factors of the 8-18 age group (n = 1158) and reports the results of primary research. I present the adaptation of the questionnaire conducted among the Hungarian disabled population to a child sample and its results. No such survey has yet been conducted in Hungary among children with disabilities. In the questionnaire research, the sports habits of young people with disabilities and the emergence of the role of health awareness in sports motivation. I process the data with the help of SPSS software, in addition to the basic statistics, I use the Chi2 test to examine the correlations.