bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A partially sex-reversed giant kelp sheds light into the mechanisms of sexual differentiation in a UV sexual system
Authors: Müller Dieter G. , Gaschet Enora , Godfroy Olivier , Gueno Josselin , Cossard Guillaume , Kunert Maritta , Peters Akira F. , Westermeier Renato , Boland Wilhelm , Cock J. Mark , Lipinska Agnieszka P. , Coelho Susana M. 
Published: February 2021

SummaryIn UV sexual systems, sex is determined during the haploid phase of the life cycle and males have a V chromosome whereas females have a U chromosome. Previous work in the brown algal modelEctocarpusrevealed that the V chromosome has a dominant role in male sex determination and suggested that the female developmental program may occur by ‘default’, triggered in the absence of the male master sex determination gene(s). Here, we describe the identification of a genetically male giant kelp strain presenting phenotypic features typical of a female, despite lacking the U-specific region. The conversion to the female developmental program is however incomplete, because gametes of this feminised male are unable to produce the sperm-attracting pheromone lamoxirene. We identify the transcriptomic patterns underlying the male and female specific developmental programs, and reveal the faster evolutionary rates of male-biased genes compared to female-biased and unbiased genes. Moreover, we show that the phenotypic feminisation of the variant strain is associated with both feminisation and de-masculinisation of gene expression patterns. Importantly, the feminisation phenotype was associated with the dramatic downregulation of two V-specific genes including a candidate sex-determining gene on the V-specific region. Our results reveal the transcriptional changes associated with sexual differentiation in a UV system with marked sexual dimorphism, and contribute to disentangling the role of sex-linked genes and autosomal gene expression in the initiation of the male and female developmental programs. Overall, the data presented here imply that the U-specific region in the giant kelp is not required to initiate the female developmental program, but is critical to produce fully functional eggs, arguing against the idea that female is the ‘default’ sex in this species.
Employer brand to leverage employees’ intention to stay through sequential mediation model: evidence from Indian power sector
Authors: Rai Alka , Nandy Benjamin 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
This study aims to explain the linkage between employer branding and employee retention; a sequential mediation is hypothesized, where it is proposed that the relationship between employer branding and employee retention is sequentially mediated by person–organization fit (P-O fit) and organizational identification.

Design/methodology/approach
The sample belongs to 224 executive-level employees of the Indian power sector organization. The sequential mediation model is tested by using SPSS macro command of Preacher and Hayes.

Findings
The findings established that the relationship between employer brand and employees’ intention to stay is sequentially mediated by P-O fit and organizational identification.

Practical implications
The findings emphasize the role of employer brand on constructs such as P-O fit, organizational identification and intention to stay. In addition, the established mechanism emphasizes the role of P-O fit to realize the benefits such as organizational identification and employee retention.

Originality/value
Internal branding efforts may have a major impact on workforce attitude and behavior including engagement, job performance and retention. “Yet studies of the positive impact of employer brand on employee attitudes and behaviors, or of the factors that shape employer brand, are rare” (Charbonnier-Voirin et al., 2017, p. 2). Along the line of such gap, this study has taken up to test the unexplored sequential mediation mechanism between employer brand and employees’ intention to stay through P-O fit and organizational identification.
The voice of dwellers – developing a place brand by listening to its residents
Authors: Hakala Ulla 
Published: February 2021

PurposeListening to the customers has long been a key phrase and success element in product branding. This paper aims to highlight the importance of listening to residents during the branding of a place. The study explores ways of listening to residents to ensure they are heard and also discusses the challenges and benefits related to place branding flowing from having residents participate in decision-making processes.Design/methodology/approachListening to residents and offering opportunities to participate requires place branders to fully attend to, comprehend and respond to residents’ comments, requests, ideas and feedback. This study reports on how two Nordic cities – Turku and Helsinki – listen to their residents. The data used comprise face-to-face interviews, telephone and e-mail conversations and documentary material.FindingsResidents should not be considered as one homogeneous target; participation options and channels should be adapted to the demographics and geographic issues of the different regions and resident groups.Research limitations/implicationsThe role of residents and the importance of listening are crucial features in the emerging concept of inclusive place branding (Kavaratziset al., 2017); its future conceptual development could benefit from the case examples at hand.Practical implicationsCity authorities should listen to residents and provide them with opportunities to actively contribute to decision-making. Other cities could learn from the examples introduced in the paper.Originality/valueThis paper documents two Nordic examples of cities putting into practice a policy of listening to the residents, a previously neglected research area.
We were never cool: Investigating knowledge production and discourses of cool in the sociology of music
Authors: Haynes Jo , Nowak Raphaël 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article examines knowledge production in the sociology of music. Focusing on the idea of cool music, we interrogate the nature of music researchers' relationship with their object of research. While the qualification and connotation of cool is widespread in popular music, sociology has largely neglected to engage with it as an object of research. Instead, the sociological investigation of music audiences is divided between two opposed but co‐constructed paradigms that ultimately do not account for how cool emerges as a qualifier and connotation, how it performs as a discourse on music, and to what effect. Using the example of aging music researchers as a departure point, we examine how the cool connotations of music function as a mode of discourse that legitimates particular knowledge, practice, and taste, demarcating insider/outsider status. We explore how music acquires social connotations such as “cool” and whether that alters music researchers' approaches to it. We argue that apart from the disclosure of inclinations, social characteristics, and relationships to the object of research (music scenes, preferences, fandom, and so on), the tradition of reflexive empirical perspectives in music sociology should incorporate further deconstruction of the transformative dimensions in the relations between music and researcher. Music, as a complex and dynamic object, thus, requires sociology to produce accounts that both encompass people's enjoyment and experience as well as its boundary‐defining capacity.
Orofacial granulomatosis: Clinical and therapeutic features in an Italian cohort and review of the literature
Authors: Galdiero Maria R. , Maio Filomena , Arcoleo Francesco , Boni Elisa , Bonzano Laura , Brussino Luisa , Cancian Mauro , Cremonte Luigi , Del Giacco Stefano R. , De Paulis Amato , Detoraki Aikaterini , Firinu Davide , Lamacchia Donatella , Loffredo Stefania , Nettis Eustachio , Parente Roberta , Parronchi Paola , Pellacani Giovanni , Petraroli Angelica , Rolla Giovanni , Senter Riccardo , Triggiani Massimo , Vitiello Gianfranco , Spadaro Giuseppe , Bova Maria 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundOrofacial granulomatosis (OFG) is characterized by granulomatous inflammation of the soft tissues of maxillofacial region. We explored OFG patients from 10 different Italian centers and summarized the most recent literature data.MethodsA review of patients with OFG was carried out. An extensive online literature search was performed to identify studies reporting diagnosis and management of OFG.ResultsThirty‐nine patients were recruited between January 2018 and February 2020. Most of them (97.4%) displayed involvement of the lips, and 28.2% suffered from Melkersson‐Rosenthal syndrome. Two patients received diagnosis of CD and one patient of sarcoidosis, suggesting secondary OFG. Oral aphthosis and cervical lymphadenopathy were also described. The mean diagnostic delay was 3.4 years. Histological evaluation was performed in 34/39 patients (87.2%); non‐caseating granulomas were found in 73.5% of them. Neurological symptoms (28.2%), gastrointestinal symptoms in absence of overt inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (20.5%), and atopy (35.9%) were also identified. Therapeutic approaches varied among the centers. Steroids (51.3%) were used with good or partial results. Anti‐TNF‐α and anti‐IgE monoclonal antibodies were used in 6 (15.4%) and 1 (2.6%) patients, respectively, with variable results. Surgery was the choice for 2 patients with good response.ConclusionsOFG is a rare and neglected disease showing multiple clinical phenotypes. While early diagnosis is crucial, management is difficult and highly dependent on the expertise of clinicians due to the lack of international guidelines. There is a need to establish registry databases and address challenges of long‐term management.
Definitive pathognomonic signs and symptoms of paediatric neurological COVID‐19 are still emerging
Authors: Verrotti Alberto , Mazzocchetti Chiara , Iannetti Paola 
Published: February 2021

AbstractChildren with COVID‐19 tend to show milder symptoms than adults during the pandemic, but growing evidence of neurological involvement has emerged. Some studies have reported neurological symptoms in children with COVID‐19, which include multisystem inflammatory syndrome, a disease that shares some, but not all, of the characteristics of Kawasaki disease. This review presents, and discusses, the evidence to date. Our initial findings suggest that neurological manifestations can be considered to be the direct result of central nervous system viral invasion or post‐infection immuno‐mediated disease.
Trends in treatment episodes for methamphetamine smoking and injecting in Australia, 2003–2019
Authors: McKetin Rebecca , Chrzanowska Agata , Man Nicola , Peacock Amy , Sutherland Rachel , Degenhardt Louisa 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionWe examined trends in Australian treatment episodes for smoking and injecting methamphetamine from 2003 to 2019.MethodsData from the Alcohol and Other Drug Treatment National Minimum Data Set, where amphetamines were the principal drug of concern, were analysed from 2003 to 2019. Rates were calculated per 100 000 population aged 10–100 years. Joinpoint software was used to identify changepoints and estimate the annual percentage change (APC) in the rate of treatment episodes. Treatment episode characteristics were compared for smoking versus injecting in 2019.ResultsThe rate of treatment episodes for methamphetamine increased from 77 to 262 per 100 000 population between 2003 and 2019 (average APC 8%, P < 0.001), this being due to treatment episodes for smoking methamphetamine (average APC 32%, P < 0.001) with no significant increase in treatment episodes for injecting methamphetamine (average APC 3%). Treatment episodes for smoking increased sharply from 2003 to 2008 (APC 72%, P < 0.001) and again from 2010 to 2016 (APC 46%, P < 0.001), this upward trend being attenuated between 2016 and 2019 (APC 7%, P = 0.012). Treatment episodes for methamphetamine smoking (cf. injecting) involved younger clients (median age 30 vs. 35 years, P < 0.001) who were more likely to receive assessment or case management only (37% vs. 29%, P < 0.001).Discussion and ConclusionsIncreased methamphetamine treatment episodes in Australia since 2003 are due mostly to smoking the drug, this occurring among younger cohort who receive less substantive treatment than clients who inject methamphetamine.
Combined endocytoscopy with pit pattern diagnosis in ulcerative colitis‐associated neoplasia: Pilot study
Authors: Kudo Shin‐ei , Maeda Yasuharu , Ogata Noriyuki , Misawa Masashi , Ogawa Yushi , Takishima Kazumi , Ishiyama Misaki , Mochizuki Kenichi , Minegishi Yosuke , Ogura Yohei , Abe Masahiro , Okumura Taishi , Matsudaira Shingo , Ishigaki Tomoyuki , Sasanuma Seiko , Mori Yuichi , Kudo Toyoki , Hayashi Takemasa , Wakamura Kunihiko , Miyachi Hideyuki , Baba Toshiyuki , Ishida Fumio , Nemoto Tetsuo , Hamatani Shigeharu , Ohtsuka Kazuo 
Published: February 2021

ObjectivesUlcerative colitis‐associated neoplasias (UCAN) are often flat with an indistinct boundary from surrounding tissues, which makes differentiating UCAN from non‐neoplasias difficult. Pit pattern (PIT) has been reported as one of the most effective indicators to identify UCAN. However, regenerated mucosa is also often diagnosed as a neoplastic PIT. Endocytoscopy (EC) allows visualization of cell nuclei. The aim of this retrospective study was to demonstrate the diagnostic ability of combined EC irregularly‐formed nuclei with PIT (EC‐IN‐PIT) diagnosis to identify UCAN.MethodsThis study involved patients with ulcerative colitis whose lesions were observed by EC. Each lesion was diagnosed by two independent expert endoscopists, using two types of diagnostic strategies: PIT alone and EC‐IN‐PIT. We evaluated and compared the diagnostic abilities of PIT alone and EC‐IN‐PIT. We also examined the difference in the diagnostic abilities of an EC‐IN‐PIT diagnosis according to endoscopic inflammation severity.ResultsWe analyzed 103 lesions from 62 patients; 23 lesions were UCAN and 80 were non‐neoplastic. EC‐IN‐PIT diagnosis had a significantly higher specificity and accuracy compared with PIT alone: 84% versus 58% (P < 0.001), and 88% versus 67% (P < 0.01), respectively. The specificity and accuracy were significantly higher for Mayo endoscopic score (MES) 0–1 than MES 2–3: 93% versus 68% (P < 0.001) and 95% versus 74% (P < 0.001), respectively.ConclusionsOur novel EC‐IN‐PIT strategy had a better diagnostic ability than PIT alone to predict UCAN from suspected and initially detected lesions using conventional colonoscopy. UMIN clinical trial (UMIN000040698).
Hyriid mussels (Unionoida) enhance benthic organic matter and meiofauna densities in a temperate Australian river
Authors: McCasker Nicole , Humphries Paul 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Studies in the Northern Hemisphere have shown that mussels play important roles as benthic‐pelagic couplers in freshwater systems, transferring filtered material, nutrients, and energy from the water column to sediments, through biodeposition and excretion. However, we know little of the functional roles of species of the Southern Hemisphere Hyriidae, the second most diverse family of the Unionoida.

The aims of this study were to determine the biodeposition and excretion rates of nutrients and organic matter of the hyriid Alathyria jacksoni in an unregulated Australian river and test experimentally if the physical structure and biodeposition of A. jacksoni influenced sediment nutrients, organic matter, periphyton concentrations and meiofauna densities.

In a lowland Australian river in late summer over 4 weeks, we measured biodeposition and excretion rates of A. jacksoni, and conducted a mesocosm experiment, during which we compared the effects of live mussels, dead mussel shells (shams), and controls without mussels on nutrients, organic matter, and meiofauna invertebrate densities in the sediment.

Mean (± SE) mass of biodeposition was 70.85 ± 3.20 mg mussel−1 hr−1 and the relative rates of inorganic and organic biodeposition were 60.9 ± 3.1 and 9.9 ± 0.8 mg mussel−1 hr−1, respectively. Organic matter was significantly greater in the sediment of the mesocosms with live mussels than in that of the control mesocosms. There was also a trend of greater mean sediment chlorophyll‐a and total nitrogen concentrations in mussel treatments than in the controls. No significant difference was detected in sediment total phosphorous between mussel and control enclosures.

The valves of live mussels had significantly higher amounts of organic material and chlorophyll‐a concentrations than the valves of sham mussels. There was a consistent trend of higher meiofauna densities collected in the benthos of the mussel enclosures than the control enclosures for total density and densities of Rotifera, Copepoda, Cladocera, Diptera, Oligocheata, Nematoda, and Ostracoda; this trend was near significant for total density; and significant for densities of Ostracoda, Rotifera, Cladocera, and Nematoda.

Using our biodeposition and excretion rate estimates, and estimates of population size of A. jacksoni in the Lower Ovens River, we estimated that in a typical 1‐km reach in a month over summer, A. jacksoni would be biodepositing approximately 4.8 kg/day of organic matter (dry mass), 137 g N/day and 19 g P/day, and excreting 21 g N/day and 3.7 g P/day.

Our findings are similar to those for Northern Hemisphere families of the Unionoida and serve to highlight the roles mussels play in processing of organic matter and cycling of nutrients in freshwater ecosystems.
Binge‐like ethanol drinking activates anaplastic lymphoma kinase signaling and increases the expression of STAT3 target genes in the mouse hippocampus and prefrontal cortex
Authors: Hamada Kana , Ferguson Laura B. , Mayfield R. Dayne , Krishnan Harish R. , Maienschein‐Cline Mark , Lasek Amy W. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlcohol use disorder (AUD) has a complex pathogenesis, making it a difficult disorder to treat. Identifying relevant signaling pathways in the brain may be useful for finding new pharmacological targets to treat AUD. The receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) activates the transcription factor STAT3 in response to ethanol in cell lines. Here, we show ALK activation and upregulation of known STAT3 target genes (Socs3, Gfap and Tnfrsf1a) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and ventral hippocampus (HPC) of mice after 4 days of binge‐like ethanol drinking. Mice treated with the STAT3 inhibitor stattic drank less ethanol than vehicle‐treated mice, demonstrating the behavioral importance of STAT3. To identify novel ethanol‐induced target genes downstream of the ALK and STAT3 pathway, we analyzed the NIH LINCS L1000 database for gene signature overlap between ALK inhibitor (alectinib and NVP‐TAE684) and STAT3 inhibitor (niclosamide) treatments on cell lines. These genes were then compared with differentially expressed genes in the PFC of mice after binge‐like drinking. We found 95 unique gene candidates, out of which 57 had STAT3 binding motifs in their promoters. We further showed by qPCR that expression of the putative STAT3 genes Nr1h2, Smarcc1, Smarca4 and Gpnmb were increased in either the PFC or HPC after binge‐like drinking. Together, these results indicate activation of the ALK‐STAT3 signaling pathway in the brain after binge‐like ethanol consumption, identify putative novel ethanol‐responsive STAT3 target genes, and suggest that STAT3 inhibition may be a potential method to reduce binge drinking in humans.
In the human, true myocutaneous junctions of skeletal muscle fibers are limited to the face
Authors: May Christian Albrecht , Bramke Silvia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWithin the panniculus carnosus‐associated skeletal muscles in the human, the palmaris brevis and the platysma showed myotendinous/myofascial junctions with clear distance to the corium and the specific connection collagen type XXII. The orbicularis oris muscle, in contrast, contained bundles of striated muscle fibers reaching the corium at two distinct levels: the predominant inner ending was connected to the elastic network of the inner corium and the outer ending was within the more superficial collagen network. At both locations, the striated muscle fibers showed brush‐like cytoplasmic protrusions connecting a network which was not oriented toward the muscle fibers. Collagen type XXII was not present.
Ultrasound patterns of different dermal filler materials used in aesthetics
Authors: Urdiales‐Gálvez Fernando , De cabo‐Francés Francisco M. , Bové Isabel 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundHyaluronic acid (HA) injection procedures has experienced an unprecedented increase.AimsTo assess and determine, by using ultrasound examinations, the patterns corresponding to different dermal fillers.Patients/MethodsObservational and retrospective bicenter study conducted on patients who underwent previous aesthetic treatments with dermal fillers. Ultrasound examinations were performed, at each study center, by one experienced observer.ResultsSixty patients were included in the analysis. Among them, 48 patients showed a well‐defined ultrasound pattern, while 12 exhibited a mixed one. According to ultrasound images, 4 different patterns were identified: [1] Heterogeneous, characterized by alternating hyperechoic and anechoic areas, which are visualized in the tissue in a heterogeneous way. This pattern is associated with healthy skin/subcutaneous cellular tissue and with fully integrated HA fillers. [2] Fine grain snowfall, characterized by alternating hyperechoic imaging, with posterior echogenic shadows. It is typical of liquid injectable silicone. [3] Coarse grain snowfall, characterized by hyperechoic images distributed all over the tissue. This is typical of calcium hydroxyapatite and polymethyl methacrylate‐based fillers. [4] Globular, typical "cystic" imaging, with anechoic images indicative of liquid semi‐liquid content. This pattern is characteristic of polyalkylamides and polyacrylamides, and HA‐based fillers immediately after their injection. The presence of "mixed" patterns is mainly due to different aesthetic procedures performed at different times.ConclusionsUltrasound imaging may be a valuable tool for assessing the nature of former dermal filler procedures in daily practice. The identification of these patterns will allow specialists to choose the best therapeutic approach in patients who underwent previous aesthetictreatments.