bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anorexia Nervosa in a Postoperative Patient With Ebstein Anomaly
Authors: Kengo Sato , Ryosuke Watanabe , Tsuyoshi Okada , Yasushi Nishiyori , Toshiyuki Kobayashi , Shiro Suda 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Along with the improved life prognosis of patients with congenital heart disease, their diverse complications have come under scrutiny. Due to the various medical restrictions attendant on their upbringing, patients with congenital heart disease often have coexisting mental disorders. However, reports of patients with congenital heart disease and coexisting eating disorders are very rare. In this paper the authors report the case of a patient who developed anorexia nervosa following surgery for Ebstein’s anomaly.Case Presentation: A 21-year-old female with Ebstein’s anomaly who underwent a Fontan surgery was transferred to our institution with suspected anorexia nervosa after a more than 2-year intermittent stay in a medical hospital for decreased appetite. Initially, she did not express a desire to lose weight or a fear of obesity, and we suspected that she was suffering from appetite loss due to a physical condition associated with the Fontan circulation. But gradually the pathology of the eating disorder became apparent.Conclusions: Patients with congenital heart disease are more likely to have a psychological background as well as physical problems that might contribute to eating disorders. Indeed, it is unclear why there are not more cases of eating disorders in association with congenital heart diseases.
Exosomal Moesin Derives From Ectopic Stromal Cells Constructs A “Migration-Vascularization-Inflammation” Loop In Endometriosis
Authors: Abudula Maidinaimu , Fan Xiaodan , Zhang Jing , Li Jiajie , Zhou Xiaoming , Chen Yichen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Endometriosis (EMS) is the most common gynaecological disorder with its etiology and/or pathophysiology remains enigmatic. Recent studies showed that extracellular vesicles (EVs), exosomes namely, play a critical role in the development of various clinical disorders, including inflammatory disease and cancers. Previous studies revealed the role of exosomes as a potential biomarker in EMS. However, the implication of exosomes in the disease progression of EMS has not been well elucidated. Method: The biological function of ectopic exosomes (eEVs) was examined by Transwell assay, scratch tests, tube formation assay, western blot, and qRT-PCR analysis. Mass spectrometry analysis of the exosomes isolated from fresh EMS tissue and vaginal discharge obtained from patients with and without EMS used to identify differentially expressed protein in exosomes from ectopic stromal cells (ESCs) and normal endometrial stromal cells (NESCs). Gene knockdown was used to downregulate the expression of exosomal protein in in-vivo setting. Finally, in-vitro experiment confirmed the results that we observed in endometriosis (EMS) mouse model. Results: We found that eEVs increased the migration ability of NESCs) by up-regulating MMP9 expression. We also observed that eEVs facilitate angiogenesis, and induced the high expression of inflammatory cytokines in ovarian epithelial cells. Protein Mass spectrometry and bioinformatics analysis showed that Moesin (MSN) is highly expressed in eEVs. An abnormal high estrogen environment may up-regulate MSN expression in ectopic lesion. Downregulation of exosomal Moesin attenuated the migration capability of normal endometrium, inhibited angiogenesis, and reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokine. Moreover, we found that ectopic exosomes significantly increased the number and size of heterotopic foci in vivo. Also, we observed an increase in the size of vascular lumen, and upregulation of inflammatory factors expression in small intestine adjacent to the heterotopic foci. Conclusion: Exosomal MSN from ectopic stromal cells could contribute to the development of EMS by mediating the construction of a “migration-vascularization-inflammation” loop in ectopic environment.
Point Mutations In Candida Glabrata 3-Hydroxy-3-Methyl Glutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase (HMGRCg) An Antifungal Target, Decrease Enzymatic Activity And Substrate/Inhibitor Affinity
Authors: Andrade-Pavón Dulce , Fernández-Muñoz Vanessa , González-Ibarra Wendy , Hernández-Rodríguez César , Ibarra J. Antonio , Villa-Tanaca Lourdes 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
An alternative target for antifungal drugs is 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR), a key enzyme in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway. The aim of this study was to obtain, purify, characterize, and overexpress five point mutations in highly conserved regions of the catalytic domain of Candida glabrata HMGR (HMGRCg) to explore the function of key amino acid residues. Glutamic acid (Glu) was substituted by glutamine in the E680Q mutant (at the dimerization site), Glu by glutamine in E711Q (at the substrate binding site), aspartic acid by alanine in D805A and methionine by arginine in M807R (the latter two at the cofactor binding site). A double mutation, E680Q-M807R, was also made. The in vitro enzymatic activity decreased significantly in all recombinant (versus wild-type) HMGRCg, and the in silico binding energy for simvastatin, alpha-asarone and the substrate HMG-CoA was also lower for the mutants. The lowest enzymatic activity and binding energy was displayed by E711Q, suggesting that Glu711 (in the substrate binding site) is an important residue for enzymatic activity. The double mutant HMGRCg E680Q-M807R exhibited the second lowest enzymatic activity. The current findings provide insights into the role of residues in the catalytic site of HMGRCg.
Impact of Competition on the Growth of Pinus Tabulaeformis in Response to Climate on the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: He Rumeng , Wang Xuhu , Liu Tao , Guo Lijun , Wang Baitian , Khan Alamgir 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
With climate change, understanding tree responses to climate is important for predicting trees’ growth, and plant competition as a nonnegligible biotic factor plays a key role in such response. However, few studies have investigated how competition affects the response of Pinus tabulaeformis plantations to climate . In our study, we investigated nine 29-year-old P. tabulaeformis plantation plots (three density gradients). The dendroecological method was used to analyze the impact of competition on trees response to drought and interannual climate variation. Stand density index was used to indicate the intensity of competition. The results showed that competition modified the climate-growth relationship. Competition increased trees’ sensitivity to drought but the relationship between competition and sensitivity to drought was nonlinear. The competition effect slightly increased under intense competition conditions. Additionally, competition reduced trees’ sensitivity to interannual climate variation. After 1999, the effect of competition was obvious. The sensitivity of small-diameter trees, especially those in middle- and high-density stands, declined. Thus, in the future these trees presumably may exhibit a reduced sensitivity to interannual climate variation and a greater sensitivity to drought.
Nifedipine, Niclosamide and Furosemid Release of	A Biocompatible and Protective Hydrogel for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Yilmaz Bahar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this work, biocompatible and protective pure HEMA hydrogel structures and drug loaded HEMA hydrogel have been successfully synthesized. The hydrogel was prepared using HEMA, MBA, APS and TEMED. The structural and morphological characterization of pure hydrogel and drug-loaded hydrogels were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. The pH affinity, morphology, structure, drug release, swelling and cytotoxic effect of the resulting materials were studied in detail. Drug releases of drug-loaded hydrogel structures were measured at certain time intervals and recorded as cumulatively (%). In addition, cytotoxicity tests were performed by Alamar blue method on MCF-7, MIA PaCa-2 and HEK 293 cell lines of released drug molecules. This HEMA hydrogel was suggested to be materials of biological attention and of large pharmacological potential as support material in drug release of nifedipine, furosemide, niclosamide and similar drug molecules.
Design And Preparation of New Decellularized Extracellular Matrix/Alginate Composite Membranes For Biomimetic Bioinks Via Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Fluid Treatments
Authors: Huang Ching-Cheng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Tissue-engineering was important and popular which combine medical applications and engineering materials knowledge, just like decellularization techniques were employed to remove the cellular components from porcine elastic cartilages, leaving a native decellularized extracellular matrix(dECM) composition and architecture integrity of largely insoluble collagen, elastin, and tightly bound glycosaminoglycans. Particularly, an extraction process of supercritical carbon dioxide(ScCO2) was used to remove cellular components from porcine skins. The porcine skins must remove lipids and other impurities by using ScCO2 procedure. In this study, a series of new composite membranes with decellularized scaffolds could be designed and obtained from porcine skin tissue by using supercritical carbon dioxide fluid technology. The retain decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) and integrity scaffold-structure could be observed in the new composite membranes. This work provides a simple and time-saving method process for preparation of biomedical composite membranes with dECM scaffolds for biomimetic bioinks, which were further characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscope(SEM).
Clinical Outcomes of ProChondrix® Osteochondral Allograft in the Knee: A Case Series
Authors: Barnum Michael S. , Boyd Evan D. , Davey Annabelle P. , Slauterbeck Andrew , Slauterbeck James R. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
PurposeFocal articular cartilage injuries are common and may lead to progression of osteoarthritis. The complications associated with traditional treatment strategies have influenced the development of new biotechnologies, such as the ProChondrix® osteochondral allograft. Clinical evidence on the outcomes associated with ProChondrix® osteochondral allografts are limited. Thus, the primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes following treatment of an isolated cartilage defect with a ProChondrix® osteochondral allograft implant.MethodsRetrospective analysis of patients who underwent a cartilage restoration procedure using ProChondrix® osteochondral allograft has been performed. Patients completed patient-reported outcome surveys which included the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), consisting of the 5 subscales of Pain, Symptoms, Activities of Daily Living, Sports and Recreation, and Quality of Life, the Marx Activity Scale, and the visual analog pain scale.ResultsSix patients underwent a cartilage restoration procedure using ProChondrix® between January 2016 and December 2019. Three males and three females were included with a median age of 33.5 years (range 18–48 years). The median follow-up duration was 15 months (range 9–24 months). There were 4 patellar grafts, 1 medial femoral condyle graft, and 1 lateral femoral condyle graft, with a median defect size of 18.5mm (range 13-20mm). At the most recent clinical follow-up, all six patients were pain free and all patients had returned to pre-op activity level.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study to report the clinical outcome, activity level, and patient orientated outcomes in a case series of patients following treatment of an isolated cartilage defect with a ProChondrix® osteochondral allograft implant. Our study demonstrates promising short-term results in patient reported clinical outcome scores.
Method Development and Validation for Simultaneous Quantification of Microcystin Congeners in Water
Authors: Qiao Xiaocui , Ge Simin , Liu Chengyou , Jiao Lixin , Li Xue , Zhao Xingru , Qi Tong , Liu yan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Microcystins, as secondary metabolites of cyanobacteria, are hepatotoxic to humans through the ingestion of cyanobacteria-contaminated water. Microcystins with diverse congeners in water can be precisely quantified using online solid phase extraction-ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (online-SPE UPLC-MS/MS). A method was developed and validated to simultaneously quantify eight microcystin congeners in water using online-SPE UPLC-MS/MS.Results: The method achieved the highest efficiency and sensitivity by selecting acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid and water with 0.1% formic acid as the best mobile phase conditions. Linearity, accuracy, and precision were validated on matrix-mixed water with the leucine enkephalin internal standard. The limit of detection calculated using the signal-to-noise ratio of 3 passed the surface water daily inspection for microcystins. Except for the lower recovery of individual substances at individual concentrations, the recoveries of the remaining microcystin congeners ranged from 70 to 130%, and the relative standard deviation was less than 10%.Conclusion: The method was used to analyze microcystins in 12 water samples collected from Chaohu Lake. The sum of all microcystin congeners ranged from 101 to 585 ng L-1 in water (<WHO drinking water safe limit of 1 μg L-1 for microcystin-LR).
Contact Dynamics and Stress Field of Fluid-Conveying GRC Nanotubes
Authors: Jin Qiduo , Ren Yiru 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Fluid-conveying nanotubes play key roles in micro-nano electromechanical systems. The contact dynamic response and stress field of the fluid-conveying graphene reinforced composite (GRC) nanotube under lateral low-velocity impact are studied. The size-dependent models considering slip flow, nonlocal stress and strain gradient effect are established. The governing equations of flow-inducing post buckling and contact vibration are derived based on a refined beam theory, in which the post-buckling equilibrium provides the initial configuration for the impact vibration analysis. A computation mode of two-step perturbation-Galerkin truncation-Runge-Kutta method is developed to study the contact dynamic responses. Through the convergence analysis, the truncation terms required to ensure the accuracy are obtained. The contact force curves and the midspan displacement time history curves are acquired, and the dynamic snap-through instability behaviors of the nanotube in the flow-inducing post-buckling state are revealed. Also, the stress field in the impact process is obtained to provide theoretical results to guide the strength design. Numerical results reveal the dual influence law of nonlocal stress and strain gradient on the contact dynamic response and stress field and provide the flow velocity range sensitive to the nano effects.
Towards Biowastes Valorization. Peanut Shell as Resource for Quality Chemicals and Activated Biochar Production.
Authors: Fermanelli Carla Soledad , Chiappori Adrián , Pierella Liliana B. , Saux Clara 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this work was to valorize a regional biowaste through a modest thermo-catalytic pyrolysis process. ZSM-11 zeolites modified by Ni incorporation (1–8 wt%) where synthesized and characterized by means of X-Ray Diffraction, Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy, Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy, UV–vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectra and Temperature Programmed Reduction. Results demonstrated that Ni was mainly incorporated as oxide. These porous materials were evaluated as heterogeneous catalysts to improve biooil composition. In this sense, higher hydrocarbon yields and quality chemicals were obtained and oxygenates were diminished. The deactivation of the most active material was studied over six cycles of reaction. In order to achieve the circular bioeconomy postulates, the obtained biochar (usually considered a residue) was further valorized through a physicochemical activation. The obtained activated biochars were extensively characterized.
Predicting The Invasion Risk of Non-Native Reptiles as Pets in The Middle East
Authors: Farashi Azita , Alizadeh-Noughani Mohammad 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Wildlife trade for non-native pets is an important and increasing driver of biodiversity loss and often compromises the standards required for protection. However, the growing interest in non-native pets has posed the issue of invasive non-native species to wildlife managers and conservationists. Instituting effective policies regarding non-native species requires a thorough understanding of the potential range of the species in new environments. In this study, we used an ensemble of ten species distribution models to predict the potential distribution for 23 commonly traded species of reptiles across the Middle East. We used ten modeling techniques implemented in the Biomod2 package and ensemble forecasts. Final models contained fourteen environmental variables, including climatic, topographic, and land cover/land use variables. Our results indicate that all Middle Eastern countries included suitable habitats for at least six species, except Qatar, Kuwait and Bahrain for which the models did not predict any suitable habitats. Our study showed that Lebanon, Palestine, Turkey, and Israel face the highest risk of biological invasion by the species on the whole. Also, the results showed that Centrochelys sulcata, Chamaeleo calyptratus, and Trachemys scripta posed the highest risk of spreading in this area. Information on which species pose a greater danger as invaders and the possible impacts of their introduction will be a valuable contribution to the development of conservation plans and policies.
Health Systems Indicators and Quality of Life in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury in South Africa
Authors: Nizeyimana Eugene , Rhoda Anthea , Mothabeng Joyce , Theron Francois , Joseph Conran 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Knowledge of health system indicators are essential to the living situation of persons with disabilities. Assessing and collating the performance of health systems is important in order to identify areas of improvement. The main aim of this study is to assess the relationship between health system indicators and self-reported quality of life (QoL) among persons with spinal cord injury who accessed either public or private health care services in South Africa.
Methods

A cross-sectional survey was implemented to analyse and compare health system indicators and self-reported QoL for 200 persons over the age of 18 with either a traumatic or non-traumatic spinal cord injury. The survey further compared the impact of public or private health care access on these indices. Health system indicators include: access to disability pension, vocational rehabilitation, health and nursing care, public space, medications, assistive devices and transportation. Self-reported quality of life indicators include: satisfaction with health; ability to perform activities of daily living; yourself; personal relationships; and living conditions. A total score of Quality of life was calculated using these 5 domains.
Results

The highest scores for health indicators were access to a disability pension (76%) and access to required health care (72%). Indicators that negatively affected respondents’ lives were access to public spaces (70%), transport (56%), medications (56%) and nursing care (53%) which were reported to have made participants’ lives significantly harder. Participants who accessed private health care reported a higher QoL score in comparison with those in the public health system who reported more problems. There was a negative correlation between QoL and access to a disability pension and a positive correlation between QoL and access to public spaces, medication, transport and nursing care.
Conclusion

Performance of health system indicators influence living situation, and different healthcare insurances play a significant role in health system performance and self-reported QoL among persons with SCI in South Africa. Additionally, persons with SCI who have the ability to overcome the challenges encountered due to poor performing health systems report better quality of life.
Identification of Type 2-pediatric Asthma Based on Single-cell Transcriptomic Analysis
Authors: Dai Bing , Sun Feifei , Yang Nan , Cai Xuxu , Li Chunlu , Shang Yunxiao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Type 2-pediatric asthma characterized by T2 cytokine-driven airway inflammation is the most common type of asthma. Recently, T2 cytokine inhibitors have reduced the exacerbation rates of asthma, but their ability to improve lung function is limited. Screening novel therapeutic strategies for Type 2-pediatric asthma patients is imperative. We obtained single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) describing the chronic stimulation GSE145013 dataset with IL-13. Consensus clustering was performed to classify pediatric asthmatic patients from validation datasets GSE65204 and GSE40888, based on the cell marker genes. We found three cellular subtypes including ciliated cells, secretory cell 1, and secretory cell 2. The expression of CCL26, PRB1, and SLC9B2 was higher in secretory cell 1, while SCGB3A1 and BPIFA1 were higher in secretory cell 2. Consensus clustering based on the five cell marker genes produced two patient subtypes (C1 and C2). The expression of SCGB3A1 and BPIFA1 was higher in C2 subtypes, while CCL26, PRB1, and SLC9B2 was higher in C1 subtypes. Patients in C2 subtypes may more secretory cell 2, while the patients in C1 may have higher secretory cell 1 in the infiltrate. More Type 2 T helper cells were in the infiltrate in the C2 subtype, while type 1 T helper cells were higher in the C1 subtype. T2 cytokines (IL-13, IL-33, IL-3, IL-4, and TSLP) were expressed more in the C2 subtype, corresponding to Type 2-pediatric asthma. This study identified five cell marker genes to screen Type 2-pediatric asthma that could potentially be therapeutic targets for Type 2-pediatric asthma.