bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient‐reported outcomes and quality of life in dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa: A global cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Fulchand Shivali , Harris Nicole , Li Shufeng , Barriga Melissa , Gorell Emily , De Souza Mark , Murrell Dedee , Marinkovich M. Peter , Krishna Yenamandra Vamsi , Tang Jean Y. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionDystrophic epidermolysis bullosa is a debilitating skin condition, without curative treatment. Previous research has focused on the recessive variant, which is known to cause severe disease. Limited work focusing on the clinical manifestations and outcomes of dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa is found (DDEB).MethodsAnalysis of an online survey of 42 DDEB patients.ResultsSelf‐reported severity of disease did not correlate with size of the wound or number of dressing changes, but did correlate with severity of pain reported in the last 12 months (3.4 mild vs 6.8 severe disease, P = 0.0002). Patients with severe DDEB also reported more severe internal disease symptoms, such as difficulty swallowing (62.5%, P = 0.01) and greater analgesic use during dressing changes (4.4% mild vs 81.3% severe, P = <0.001).DiscussionPatient perception of disease severity in DDEB appears to be most impacted by pain, presence of chronic open wounds, difficulty swallowing, difficulty walking, and anal strictures. As research on DDEB increases, future studies focused on these symptoms might be the most impactful for DDEB patients. However, distinguishing DDEB from other subtypes remains a challenge.
Hydrogen sulphide and salicylic acid regulate antioxidant pathway and nutrient balance in mustard plants under cadmium stress
Authors: Kaur H. , Hussain S.J. , Al‐Huqail A. A. , Siddiqui M. H. , Al‐Huqail A. A. , Khan M. I. R. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd), a pervasive noxious heavy metal, is a key threat to agricultural system. It is rapidly translocated and has detrimental effects on plant growth and development. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is emerging as a potential messenger molecule for modulating plant tolerance to Cd. Salicylic acid (SA), a phenolic signalling molecule, can alleviate Cd toxicity in plants.

The present study investigated the mediatory role of H2S (100 µM) and SA (0.5 mM), individually and in combination, in modulating antioxidant defence machinery and nutrient balance to impart Cd (50 µM) resistance to mustard.

Accumulation of Cd resulted in oxidative stress (TBARS and H2O2), mineral nutrient imbalance (N, P, K, Ca), decreased leaf gas exchange and PSII efficiency, ultimately reducing plant growth. Both H2S and SA independently attenuated phytotoxic effects of Cd by triggering antioxidant systems, enhancing the nutrient pool, eventually leading to improved photosynthesis and biomass of mustard plants. The positive effects were more pronounced under combined application of H2S and SA, indicating a synergistic relationship between these two signalling molecules in mitigating the detrimental effects of Cd on nutrient homeostasis and overall health of mustard, primarily by boosting antioxidant pathway.

Our findings provide new insights into H2S‐ and SA‐induced protective mechanisms in mustard plants subjected to Cd stress and suggest their combined use as a feasible strategy to confer Cd tolerance.
Light and temperature requirements for germination in the Mediterranean shrub Lavandula stoechas (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Ghaderi‐Far F. , Coşgun Z. L. , Değirmenci C. Ü. , Tüysüz İ. , Ülgen C. , Tavşanoğlu Ç. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Available studies are far from giving a complete figure for the germination requirements of many Mediterranean Basin species.

In this study, we investigated the germination properties of Lavandula stoechas L. (Lamiaceae) in response to different light and temperature regimes. We performed comprehensive experiments to test the effect of fixed and alternating temperatures, dark versus light conditions, and thermodormancy or thermoinhibition on several germination properties in three populations of L. stoechas from southwestern Turkey.

Germination patterns showed a substantial variation among populations. Germination percentage was higher in the light conditions than in the dark at most temperatures, and alternating temperatures substituted light for the germination. The requirement of L. stoechas seeds to light for germination gradually increased through lower and higher temperatures than 15 °C. High temperature (30 °C) reduced the germination percentage to zero. However, in the presence of light, seeds were able to germinate after transferring to the optimum temperature (thermoinhibition), but this was not the case in darkness (thermodormancy). Seed germination in L. stoechas was stimulated by light, suggesting that germination has a phytochrome‐mediated response.

Our study makes an inference to the fire‐environment interactions in the germination of Mediterranean seeder species by showing that both light and alternating temperatures stimulate germination in L. stoechas, a species well‐known with its fire‐related germination. Comprehensive germination studies are required for a better understanding of the early life‐stage adaptations of plants to Mediterranean conditions, and for developing more robust strategies for conservation and ecosystem restoration.
Comparing the predictive value of screening to the use of electronic health record data for detecting future suicidal thoughts and behavior in an urban pediatric emergency department: A preliminary analysis
Authors: Haroz Emily E. , Kitchen Christopher , Nestadt Paul S. , Wilcox Holly C. , DeVylder Jordan E. , Kharrazi Hadi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimBrief screening and predictive modeling have garnered attention for utility at identifying individuals at risk of suicide. Although previous research has investigated these methods, little is known about how these methods compare against each other or work in combination in the pediatric population.MethodsPatients were aged 8–18 years old who presented from January 1, 2017, to June 30, 2019, to a Pediatric Emergency Department (PED). All patients were screened with the Ask Suicide Questionnaire (ASQ) as part of a universal screening approach. For all models, we used 5‐fold cross‐validation. We compared four models: Model 1 only included the ASQ; Model 2 included the ASQ and EHR data gathered at the time of ED visit (EHR data); Model 3 only included EHR data; and Model 4 included EHR data and a single item from the ASQ that asked about a lifetime history of suicide attempt. The main outcome was subsequent PED visit with suicide‐related presenting problem within a 3‐month follow‐up period.ResultsOf the N = 13,420 individuals, n = 141 had a subsequent suicide‐related PED visit. Approximately 63% identified as Black. Results showed that a model based only on EHR data (Model 3) had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.775 compared to the ASQ alone (Model 1), which had an AUC of 0.754. Combining screening and EHR data (Model 4) resulted in a 17.4% (absolute difference = 3.6%) improvement in sensitivity and 13.4% increase in AUC (absolute difference = 6.6%) compared to screening alone (Model 1).ConclusionOur findings show that predictive modeling based on EHR data is helpful either in the absence or as an addition to brief suicide screening. This is the first study to compare brief suicide screening to EHR‐based predictive modeling and adds to our understanding of how best to identify youth at risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in clinical care settings.
Revisiting the evolution of Ostrinia moths with phylogenomics (Pyraloidea: Crambidae: Pyraustinae)
Authors: Yang Zhaofu , Plotkin David , Landry Jean‐François , Storer Caroline , Kawahara Akito Y. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractReconstructing a robust phylogenetic framework is key to understanding the ecology and evolution of many economically important taxa. The crambid moth genus Ostrinia contains multiple agricultural pests, and its classification and phylogeny has remained controversial because of the paucity of characters and the lack of clear morphological boundaries for its species. To address these issues, we inferred a molecular phylogeny of Ostrinia using a phylogenomic dataset containing 498 loci and 115 197 nucleotide sites and examined whether traditional morphological characters corroborate our molecular results. Our results strongly support the monophyly of one of the Ostrinia species groups but surprisingly do not support the monophyly of the other two. Based on the extensive morphological examination and broadly representative taxon sampling of the phylogenomic analyses, we propose a revised classification of the genus, defined by three species groups (Ostrinia nubilalis species group, Ostrinia obumbratalis species group, and Ostrinia penitalis species group), which differs from the traditional classification of Mutuura & Munroe (1970). Morphological and molecular evidence reveal the presence of a new North American species, Ostrinia multispinosa Yang sp.n., closely related to O. obumbratalis. Our analyses indicate that the Ostrinia ancestral larval host preference was for dicots, and that O. nubilalis (European corn borer) and Ostrinia furnacalis (Asian corn borer) independently evolved a preference for feeding on monocots (i.e., maize). Males of a few Ostrinia species have enlarged, grooved midtibiae with brush organs that are known to attract females to increase mating success during courtship, which may represent a derived condition. Our study provides a strong evolutionary framework for this agriculturally important insect lineage.
An integrated phylogenetic reassessment of the parasitoid superfamily Platygastroidea (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupomorpha) results in a revised familial classification
Authors: Chen Huayan , Lahey Zachary , Talamas Elijah J. , Valerio Alejandro A. , Popovici Ovidiu A. , Musetti Luciana , Klompen Hans , Polaszek Andrew , Masner Lubomír , Austin Andrew D. , Johnson Norman F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe superfamily Platygastroidea (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupomorpha) is a diverse group of parasitoid wasps that are parasitoids of nine orders of insects as well as spiders. They appear to show a clear pattern of host group specificity among genera. A robust phylogeny is essential for devising a stable and informative classification and understanding the pattern of the shifts to parasitize new host groups. We conducted phylogenetic analyses of Platygastroidea based on four molecular markers (18S, 28S, COI and wingless) and 119 morphological characters, and a phylogenomic analysis of a subset of taxa based on 4371 single‐copy, protein‐coding genes. The four‐gene analyses, both with and without morphological data, robustly recovered some well‐established groups, e.g., Platygastridae (in its traditional sense), Scelionini, Teleasinae and Telenominae, as well as some novel patterns of relationship. The ground‐plan host for the superfamily are the eggs of Orthoptera, with multiple shifts to attack new host groups. The phylogenomic analysis of a subset of taxa recovered a clear pattern of relationships for the backbone of the superfamily with maximal bootstrap support. Based on the combination of these two approaches, we present a revised classification for Platygastroidea and recognize the following eight families: Geoscelionidae stat.rev., Janzenellidae fam.nov., Neuroscelionidae fam.nov., Nixoniidae stat.rev., Platygastridae stat.rev., Proterosceliopsidae†, Scelionidae stat.rev. and Sparasionidae stat.rev.This published work has been registered on ZooBank,
http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:480936B5‐3C2C‐4B6A‐B273‐10DCBF9005E9.
Designing, Modelling and Experimental Investigation of Direct Evaporative Cooling System Coupled With Commercial Desiccant Dehumidifier
Authors: Basit Abdul , Mahmood Mariam , Waqas Adeel , Ali Majid , Khalid Waqas 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
With the increasing demand of clean and energy-efficient air conditioning systems, evaporative air cooling technique is gaining significant attention owing to less energy consumption and environmentally safe technology in comparison with conventional refrigerant-based air conditioners. In this study, commercial desiccant dehumidifier is coupled with experimentally developed direct evaporative cooling (DEC) system to first dehumidify the air and then pass it through DEC to achieve human thermal comfort level defined by ASHRAE standards. Under the climatic conditions of Islamabad, Pakistan, multiple experiments were carried out at different temperatures, flowrate, and relative humidity of air during November, when air temperature and relative humidity were in the range of 25–30 °C and 40–60%, respectively. To analyze the system performance under summer ambient conditions, indoor temperature was increased by 8–10 °C and relative humidity by 15–25% in laboratory. Experimental analysis showed that the system can provide human comfort level for a range of temperature 29–39.7 °C and relative humidity of 65–80% at flowrate of 180 m3/h. To achieve thermal comfort at higher humidity level, DEC is coupled with commercial desiccant dehumidifier. However, due to desiccant regeneration by an electric heater in the dehumidifier, the overall power consumption of the whole system increases up to 1.95 kW. Two well-known indices coefficient of performance (CoP) and energy efficiency ratio (EER) are used to analyze the system performance. Experimental analysis revealed that CoP decreases with the increasing specific humidity of air, decreasing ambient temperature, and flowrate.
Statistical Error Estimation Methods for Engineering-Relevant Quantities From Scale-Resolving Simulations
Authors: Bergmann Michael , Morsbach Christian , Ashcroft Graham , Kügeler Edmund 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Scale-resolving simulations, such as large eddy simulations, have become affordable tools to investigate the flow in turbomachinery components. The resulting time-resolved flow field is typically analyzed using first- and second-order statistical moments. However, two sources of uncertainty are present when statistical moments from scale-resolving simulations are computed: the influence of initial transients and statistical errors due to the finite number of samples. In this paper, both are systematically analyzed for several quantities of engineering interest using time series from a long-time large eddy simulation of the low-pressure turbine cascade T106C. A set of statistical tools to either remove or quantify these sources of uncertainty is assessed. First, the Marginal Standard Error Rule is used to detect the end of the initial transient. The method is validated for integral and local quantities and guidelines on how to handle spatially varying initial transients are formulated. With the initial transient reliably removed, the statistical error is estimated based on standard error relations considering correlations in the time series. The resulting confidence intervals are carefully verified for quantities of engineering interest utilizing cumulative and simple moving averages. Furthermore, the influence of periodic content from large scale vortex shedding on the error estimation is studied. Based on the confidence intervals, the required averaging interval to reduce the statistical uncertainty to a specific level is indicated for each considered quantity.
Novel Focal Sweep Strategy for Optical Aerothermal Measurements of Film-Cooled Gas Turbine Blades With Highly Inclined Viewing Angle
Authors: Shao Hongyi , Zhang Xu , Peng Di , Liu Yingzheng , Zhou Wenwu , Chen Wenbin , He Yihong , Zeng Fei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The viewing angle for optical aerothermal measurements on turbine surfaces is often limited by the turbine structure, requiring the optical system to have a large depth of field (DoF). Although the DoF can be increased by decreasing the lens aperture, this approach is impractical as a large aperture is essential to maintain an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). To solve these problems in the optical aerothermal measurements of film-cooled gas turbine blades, an approach combining the focal-sweep method and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction is proposed. The focal-sweep method is used to obtain all-in-focus images at an inclined viewing angle, following which the two-dimensional image is restored through 3D reconstruction. Thus, 3D point clouds with both a large DoF and high SNR can be produced. The developed method was validated via flat-plate film cooling experiments using pressure-sensitive paint at three blowing ratios of 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2, as well as three viewing angles. The measured adiabatic effectiveness contours demonstrate that the proposed method can produce all-in-focus measurements at highly inclined viewing angles, albeit at the price of slightly higher noise. In flat-plate experiments, the maximum relative difference is measured to be 6% between results obtained by conventional method at normal view and the proposed method at highly inclined view. Furthermore, the proposed method was applied to the turbine blade cascade film cooling experiment at a highly inclined viewing angle, and successfully reconstructed the 3D point cloud of the cooling effectiveness at the curved turbine blade surface.
Generation of Synthetic Sonic Slowness Logs From Real-Time Drilling Sensors Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Abdulraheem Abdulazeez 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The acoustic data in terms of compressional and shear wave velocity provide important petrophysical information about the rock. The sonic data are a significant input that is commonly used for deriving geomechanical parameters. Understanding the geomechanical properties of reservoir rock is essential during the drilling, development, production, and stimulation of an oil or gas reservoir. Among them, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio are the most important elastic parameters. These properties are usually estimated from bulk density, compressional, and shear wave velocity log data. Sonic data acquisition is usually achieved through dipole sonic imager log or laboratory testing on core samples which is costly and time-consuming. Acquiring sonic data from wireline logs is not a feasible approach all the time, as the wireline log, specially shear-wave log, may not be recorded for every well. However, drilling data are available in real-time for every well using real-time drilling sensors. The main objective of this paper is to predict sonic slowness logs in real-time based on the drilling data using artificial neural network (ANN). The data used in this study were recorded during the drilling of 12¼″ hole sections from two wells. Many formations of different lithology were penetrated while drilling these sections of over 3000 ft vertical interval. The drilling and sonic data sets were recorded and preprocessed before using them for the ANN model. About 2900 data points from the first well were used for building and testing the model. The input parameters included weight on bit (WOB), torque (T), standpipe pressure (SPP), pipe speed (PS), rate of penetration (ROP), and mud flowrate (Q). Another data set of 2000 data points from the second well that was drilled in the same field was used to validate the model. The predictions were compared with sonic logs that were obtained after the drilling operation, and the results appear to be highly promising for future applications. The sonic slowness ANN models showed high accuracy for the model building (training and testing). Validation of these models was carried out using an unseen data set. The results using the validation data set for the compressional slowness model yielded a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.983 and average absolute percentage error (AAPE) of less than 1.25%. For the shear slowness model, R2 was higher than 0.994 and AAPE less than 1.175%. The study offers empirical correlations that can be utilized to estimate the sonic slowness logs by engineers without the need to employ ANN software. The new shear slowness correlation was compared with other widely used correlations and the results showed high accuracy.
Pressure-Based Energy Storage in Natural Gas Transmission Networks: Proof-of-Concept Analysis
Authors: Kostowski Wojciech , Majchrzyk Michał , Kołodziej Katarzyna 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the possibility of energy storage in natural gas transmission networks using two strategies. Proof-of-concept calculations were performed under a steady-state assumption, and the more promising option was additionally modeled in a transient approach. The first strategy is based on a dedicated compressor–expander system installed at two ends of a pipeline. An electric-driven compressor increases the gas pressure in periods of peak electricity generation, while a gas expander allows energy recovery at a later stage. The compressor–expander distance determined by the inlet flow velocity of 5 m/s and a 4–5 h time shift ranges from approx. 75 to 120 km. The system provides a synergy effect, which allows to exceed 100% storage efficiency by reducing transmission losses. Storage efficiency obtained from the simplified model ranges from 70% to 128% for the performed case study. The second option uses existing compressors and pressure letdown stations expanding the gas to the distribution pressure. Here, gas pre-heating required prior to the expansion reduces the storage efficiency to about 30–40%. The dedicated machinery option was also evaluated using a transient model, which reports a lower efficiency if applied to the same assumptions. The system redesigned with the transient model is characterized by a longer storage duration (about 12 h) and a promising efficiency of 103.5%. Further research is needed to find the optimum design system parameters and to solve the detected problem of simultaneous compressor–expander operation which introduces idle work to the designed system.
Predicting the immediate impact of national lockdown on neovascular age-related macular degeneration and associated visual morbidity: an INSIGHT Health Data Research Hub for Eye Health report
Authors: Mollan Susan P , Fu Dun Jack , Chuo Ching-Yi , Gannon Jacqueline G , Lee Wen Hwa , Hopkins J Jill , Hughes Cian , Denniston Alastair K , Keane Pearse A , Cantrell Ronald 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivePredicting the impact of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) service disruption on visual outcomes following national lockdown in the UK to contain SARS-CoV-2.Methods and analysisThis retrospective cohort study includes deidentified data from 2229 UK patients from the INSIGHT Health Data Research digital hub. We forecasted the number of treatment-naïve nAMD patients requiring anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) initiation during UK lockdown (16 March 2020 through 31 July 2020) at Moorfields Eye Hospital (MEH) and University Hospitals Birmingham (UHB). Best-measured visual acuity (VA) changes without anti-VEGF therapy were predicted using post hoc analysis of Minimally Classic/Occult Trial of the Anti-VEGF Antibody Ranibizumab in the Treatment of Neovascular AMD trial sham-control arm data (n=238).ResultsAt our centres, 376 patients were predicted to require anti-VEGF initiation during lockdown (MEH: 325; UHB: 51). Without treatment, mean VA was projected to decline after 12 months. The proportion of eyes in the MEH cohort predicted to maintain the key positive visual outcome of ≥70 ETDRS letters (Snellen equivalent 6/12) fell from 25.5% at baseline to 5.8% at 12 months (UHB: 9.8%–7.8%). Similarly, eyes with VA <25 ETDRS letters (6/96) were predicted to increase from 4.3% to 14.2% at MEH (UHB: 5.9%–7.8%) after 12 months without treatment.ConclusionsHere, we demonstrate how combining data from a recently founded national digital health data repository with historical industry-funded clinical trial data can enhance predictive modelling in nAMD. The demonstrated detrimental effects of prolonged treatment delay should incentivise healthcare providers to support nAMD patients accessing care in safe environments.Trial registration numberNCT00056836.