bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and neuroimaging findings in 33 patients with MCAP syndrome: A survey to evaluate relevant endpoints for future clinical trials
Authors: Garde Aurore , Guibaud Laurent , Goldenberg Alice , Petit Florence , Dard Rodolphe , Roume Joelle , Mazereeuw‐Hautier Juliette , Chassaing Nicolas , Lacombe Didier , Morice‐Picard Fanny , Toutain Annick , Arpin Stéphanie , Boccara Olivia , Touraine Renaud , Blanchet Patricia , Coubes Christine , Willems Marjolaine , Pinson Lucile , Van Kien Philippe Khau , Chiaverini Christine , Giuliano Fabienne , Alessandri Jean‐Luc , Mathieu‐Dramard Michèle , Morin Gilles , Bursztejn Anne‐Claire , Mignot Cyril , Doummar Diane , Di Rocco Frederico , Cornaton Jenny , Nicolas Claire , Gautier Elodie , Luu Maxime , Bardou Marc , Sorlin Arthur , Philippe Christophe , Edery Patrick , Rossi Massimiliano , Carmignac Virginie , Thauvin‐Robinet Christel , Vabres Pierre , Faivre Laurence 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMegalencephaly‐CApillary malformation‐Polymicrogyria (MCAP) syndrome results from somatic mosaic gain‐of‐function variants in PIK3CA. Main features are macrocephaly, somatic overgrowth, cutaneous vascular malformations, connective tissue dysplasia, neurodevelopmental delay, and brain anomalies. The objectives of this study were to describe the clinical and radiological features of MCAP, to suggest relevant clinical endpoints applicable in future trials of targeted drug therapy. Based on a French collaboration, we collected clinical features of 33 patients (21 females, 12 males, median age of 9.9 years) with MCAP carrying mosaic PIK3CA pathogenic variants. MRI images were reviewed for 21 patients. The main clinical features reported were macrocephaly at birth (20/31), postnatal macrocephaly (31/32), body/facial asymmetry (21/33), cutaneous capillary malformations (naevus flammeus 28/33, cutis marmorata 17/33). Intellectual disability was present in 15 patients. Among the MRI images reviewed, the neuroimaging findings were megalencephaly (20/21), thickening of corpus callosum (16/21), Chiari malformation (12/21), ventriculomegaly/hydrocephaly (10/21), cerebral asymmetry (6/21) and polymicrogyria (2/21). This study confirms the main known clinical features that defines MCAP syndrome. Taking into account the phenotypic heterogeneity in MCAP patients, in the context of emerging clinical trials, we suggest that patients should be evaluated based on the main neurocognitive expression on each patient.
Essential diabetes medicines and health outcomes in 127 countries
Authors: Budhram Dalton , Benipal Simran , Bilimoria Krish , Maraj Darshanand , Wang Ri , Persaud Nav 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimDiabetes is the ninth leading cause of death. Improving access to diabetes medicines may decrease mortality. Diabetes medicines on national essential medicines lists (NEMLs) vary considerably. We examine the association between diabetes population health outcomes relating to mortality and the listing of diabetes medicines on national essential medicine lists for 127 countries.Materials and methodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study. We determined the number of diabetes medicines on NEMLs and used multiple linear regression to analyse the association between diabetes health outcomes and the number of medicines on NEMLs. We used linear regression to assess the association between diabetes health outcomes and the listing of or not listing of medicines that were listed by 25‐75% of countries. Diabetes prevalence, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and mean expenditure per person with diabetes were controlled for in all analyses.ResultsThe total number of diabetes medicines listed on NEMLs ranged from 0 to 16 (median: 4; interquartile range: 3‐6). Diabetes health outcome scores were associated with the number of diabetes medicines on NEMLs [1.3‐point increase (95% confidence interval, 95% CI 0.5‐2.1) for every additional medicine on NEMLs; P = .002] and GDP per capita [19.5‐point increase (95% CI 5.4‐33.6) for every 10‐fold increase in GDP; P = .003]. Diabetes expenditure was not associated with health outcome scores (P = .23). Increases in diabetes health outcomes score were associated with the listing of glimepiride (7.9‐point increase, 95% CI 2.3‐13.5, P = .006) and glipizide (5.8‐point increase, 95% CI 0.03‐11.6, P = .049) on NEMLs.ConclusionsListing of diabetes medicines on NEMLs has the potential to improve population health outcomes related to mortality in countries with diverse incomes and diabetes prevalence without necessarily increasing diabetes health expenditure.
An experimental test of climate change effects in northern lakes: Increasing allochthonous organic matter and warming alters autumn primary production
Authors: Hamdan Mohammed , Byström Pär , Hotchkiss Erin R. , Al‐Haidarey Mohammed J. , Karlsson Jan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Climate changes are predicted to influence gross primary production (GPP) of lakes directly through warming and indirectly through increased loads of allochthonous coloured dissolved organic matter (cDOM) from surrounding landscapes. However, few studies have investigated this combined effect.

Here we tested the effects of warming (elevated 3℃) and cDOM input (three levels of humic river water addition) on GPP in autumn (2 months including open water and ice‐covered periods) in experimental pond ecosystems.

The cDOM input decreased whole‐ecosystem GPP at natural temperature conditions mainly as a result of lower benthic GPP not fully counteracted by an increase in pelagic GPP, while warming increased whole‐ecosystem GPP due to a positive response of mainly pelagic GPP at all levels of cDOM input.

Warming delayed autumn ice cover formation by 2 weeks but did not affect light availability in the water column compared to ambient ice‐covered treatments. Gross primary production during this period was still affected by warming and cDOM.

The results stress the importance of accounting for multiple climate drivers and habitats when predicting lake GPP responses to climate change. We conclude that climate change may shift whole‐ecosystem GPP through different responses of habitat‐specific GPP to increasing cDOM inputs and warming.
Is environmental regulation a blessing or a curse for China's urban land use efficiency? Evidence from a threshold effect model
Authors: Zhang Xupeng , Lu Xinhai , Chen Danling , Zhang Chaozheng , Ge Kun , Kuang Bing , Liu Sui 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSevere land shortage causes a higher demand for domestic and foreign land‐intensive products. As a result, resource utilization, and related environmental issues, will increase in urban areas. To this respect, the analysis of the impact of environmental regulation on urban land use efficiency helps to identify potential points for interventions designed to ensure sustainable land use. This study first introduces a theoretical framework to investigate the micro‐transmission mechanism of environmental regulation on urban land use efficiency. Our profit decision‐making model concludes that the impact of environmental regulation on urban land use efficiency is influenced by changes in the industrial structure. Empirically, our preliminary analysis suggests that in addition to population density, both formal and informal environmental regulation can promote urban land use efficiency, with a significant spatial heterogeneity across the sample regions. Further, this study shows a remarkable double‐threshold relationship between formal environmental regulation and urban land use efficiency in China. We clarify and confirm that environmental regulation promoted urban land use efficiency only when regulation intensity was higher than 0.8612. Environmental regulation increased urban land use efficiency in high‐level industrial rationalization areas, whereas it had the opposite effect in low‐level ones. Furthermore, there was a clear marginal diminishing effect of the impact of environmental regulation on urban land use efficiency when the optimization of the industrial structure was set as a threshold variable.
Prognostic role of Wnt and Fzd gene families in acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Dai Yifeng , Cheng Zhiheng , Fricke Doerte R. , Zhao Hongyou , Huang Wenhui , Zhong Qingfu , Zhu Pei , Zhang Wenjuan , Wu Zhihua , Lin Qing , Zhu Huoyan , Liu Yan , Qian Tingting , Fu Lin , Cui Longzhen , Zeng Tiansheng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWnt‐Fzd signalling pathway plays a critical role in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) progression and oncogenicity. There is no study to investigate the prognostic value of Wnt and Fzd gene families in AML. Our study screened 84 AML patients receiving chemotherapy only and 71 also undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We found that some Wnt and Fzd genes had significant positive correlations. The expression levels of Fzd gene family were independent of survival in AML patients. In the chemotherapy group, AML patients with high Wnt2B or Wnt11 expression had significantly shorter event‐free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS); high Wnt10A expressers had significantly longer OS than the low expressers (all P < .05), whereas, in the allo‐HSCT group, the expression levels of Wnt gene family were independent of survival. We further found that high expression of Wnt10A and Wnt11 had independent prognostic value, and the patients with high Wnt10A and low Wnt11 expression had the longest EFS and OS in the chemotherapy group. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that genes related to Wnt10A, Wnt11 and Wnt 2B were mainly enriched in ‘cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation’, ‘haematopoietic cell lineage’, ‘platelet activation, signalling and aggregation’ and ‘mitochondrial RNA metabolic process’ signalling pathways. Our results indicate that high Wnt2B and Wnt11 expression predict poor prognosis, and high Wnt10A expression predicts favourable prognosis in AML, but their prognostic effects could be neutralized by allo‐HSCT. Combined Wnt10A and Wnt11 may be a novel prognostic marker in AML.
Hind limb muscle reconstruction in the incipiently opisthopubic large therizinosaur Nothronychus (Theropoda; Maniraptora)
Authors: Smith David K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTherizinosaurs are highly modified, probably herbivorous, theropods from the Upper Cretaceous of Asia and North America. They are characterized by an extensively pneumatized axial skeleton, and in the derived forms, an incipiently opisthopubic pelvis. The evolution of such a pelvis is expected to be associated with extensive modification of the muscular system. The muscular system is reconstructed using observed muscle scars, reconstructions of the theropods Staurikosaurus and Tyrannosaurus, the ornithischian Maiasaura, and extant crocodilians and birds. The results indicate convergence with birds and ornithischian dinosaurs, such that the retroverted pubis in some maniraptorans can be regarded as analogous with the postacetabular bar in ornithischians. Functional implications also make derived therizinosaurs, such as Nothronychus, in some respects convergent with birds as the pubis is retroverted, becoming fused with the ischium, a laterally flaring synsacrum, and an avian‐like pes.
Manager narcissism and employee silence: A socio‐analytic theory perspective
Authors: Hamstra Melvyn R. W. , Schreurs Bert , Jawahar I. M. (Jim) , Laurijssen L. Maxim , Hünermund Paul 
Published: January 2021

Employee silence is detrimental to organizations, and managers high in narcissism may create conditions that indirectly promote employee silence. Drawing on socio‐analytic theory, in three samples (Ns = 79, 125, and 119), we investigated whether employees’ perceptions of manager trustworthiness mediated the relation between manager trait narcissism and employee silence, and whether this mediation was moderated by a social skill, apparent sincerity. We found that the three samples largely supported our research model. Manager narcissism lowered employees’ perceptions of manager trustworthiness, which were in turn related to increased employee silence. Whereas the effect of narcissism on trustworthiness perceptions and, indirectly, on employee silence were stronger for managers lower in apparent sincerity, these effects of narcissism were absent for managers high in apparent sincerity.Practitioner points

Perceptions of manager trustworthiness are a key relational process in dyadic, leader–follower relationships; for example, as our studies show, low trustworthiness predicts employee silence about important issues that may be hampering work/organizational functioning.

Furthermore, our studies show that manager trait narcissism drives employees’ perceptions of their manager’s trustworthiness, and indirectly, employee silence.

The findings highlight the downsides of manager narcissism in dyadic relationships with employees, which prompts guarding against hiring and promoting individuals who are high in trait narcissism to management positions.

Moreover, we find that high narcissism managers who seek to appear sincere, may be successful at mitigating the impact of their narcissism on trustworthiness and silence.

The findings lead us to recommend managers to improve their sincerity impression management skills – not doing so may be particularly detrimental among those who are more narcissistic.
Evaluation of Denture Base Adaptation Fabricated Using Conventional, Subtractive, and Additive Technologies: A Volumetric Micro‐Computed Tomography Analysis
Authors: Oğuz Ece İrem , Kılıçarslan Mehmet Ali , Özcan Mutlu , Ocak Mert , Bilecenoğlu Burak , Orhan Kaan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPurposeAn in vitro study to compare the adaptation of denture bases fabricated with 4 different techniques using volumetric 3‐dimentional (3D) analysis.Material and MethodsEdentulous maxillary and mandibular casts were scanned, and standardized denture bases were designed using CAD design software. The same standard tessellation language (STL) data were used to produce the denture bases with 4 different fabrication methods: compression molding (CM), injection molding (IM), PMMA milling (PM), and 3D printing (3D) (n = 11/group). Milled wax denture bases were used to fabricate CM and IM groups. Denture bases placed on edentulous casts were scanned using micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT). Volumetric gap between denture base and cast was calculated from 6 locations for maxilla (anterior ridge crest, posterior ridge crest, labial vestibule, buccal vestibule, palate, and posterior palatal seal) and 3 locations for mandible (intermolar, molar, and retromolar) in addition to overall gap measurements for edentulous arches. The data were analyzed with factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA), 1‐way ANOVA, and post‐hoc Duncan tests. Reproducibility of fabrication methods with regard to each location was assessed using Z test (α = 0.05).ResultsIn the maxilla, the highest and lowest palatal gap measurements were recorded for CM (898.44 ± 87.73 mm3) and PM (357.16 ± 57.68 mm3) (p = 0.05). The highest gap measurements for CM and 3D were at palate and, for IM and PM were at posterior ridge crest. In mandible, the volumetric gap measurements for CM were the highest and for PM were the lowest irrespective of location (p = 0.05). PM group showed the best reproducibility and adaptation with the lowest overall mean gaps for both edentulous arches (p = 0.05).ConclusionsDenture bases milled from PMMA blocks showed better adaptation than 3D printed, or wax milled and conventionally fabricated denture bases for both maxillary and mandibular arches. PMMA milling is a reproducible technique that enables the construction of accurate dentures. Clinicians should be cautious about the palatal gap when the compression molding technique is used. Micro‐CT is a valid technique for evaluating the denture base adaptation.
Heat stress management in poultry
Authors: Goel Akshat 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHigh ambient temperature is one of the major causes of economic losses in the livestock industry. The poultry industry is an integral part of the livestock industry. It faces severe losses due to heat stress (HS). The adverse effects of HS can be seen on production performance, body temperature, intestinal health, appetite hormone regulation, immune responses and oxidative characteristics. It is important to monitor these parameters to identify the HS possessions during rearing so that timely action can be taken to minimize the adverse effects of high ambient temperature. Furthermore, the application of productive methods on farms is equally important. Several strategies have been suggested by researchers. Providing a suitable environment with selective rearing systems along with proper ventilation and hygiene is the basic requirement for all types of livestock reared for animal protein. Supplementation of appropriate feed additive could be useful for improving intestinal absorption and minimizing adverse effects of HS. Selection for breeding heat resistant birds also provide merits for improving the germplasm of the strains. Early age thermal conditioning also helps in developing resistance for HS. The most recent advancement is the supplementation of active substances during incubation. It is expected that these methods may have a potential impact on the poultry industry for creating thermotolerance in the newly hatched chicks. This review highlights the major issues concerning chicken health and suggests the measures to be adopted following the increase in environmental temperature.
A division of the capitalist class and the market for money capital
Authors: Park Hyun Woong 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn a one‐commodity economy populated by capitalists equipped with equal endowment but with heterogeneous linear production technology, a division of the capitalist class emerges endogenously. The capitalists with relatively weak technology, yielding the profit rate lower than the interest rate, become a money capitalist (lender), whereas the capitalists with relatively strong technology, yielding the profit rate greater than the interest rate, become an industrial capitalist (borrower). The equilibrium interest rate is derived by the associated demand and supply relation. From this setup of the model follow two essential relationships Marx establishes between the average profit rate and the interest rate: (a) that the profit (rate) sets a maximum limit of interest (rate), and (b) that the two rates are correlated in the long‐run. Lastly, the profit rate of financial sector is less than that of industrial sector due to the basic setup of the model where the industrial sector uses leverage to amplify the underlying capital profit rate, whereas the financial sector lacks intermediation technology, which would have enabled it to borrow profitably.
Assessment of salt intake to consider salt as a fortification vehicle for thiamine in Cambodia
Authors: Chan Kathleen , Gallant Jelisa , Leemaqz Shalem , Baldwin Dare A. , Borath Mam , Kroeun Hou , Measelle Jeffrey R. , Ngik Rem , Prak Sophonneary , Wieringa Frank T. , Yelland Lisa N. , Green Tim J. , Whitfield Kyly C. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThiamine deficiency is a public health issue in Cambodia. Thiamine fortification of salt has been proposed; however, the salt intake of lactating women, the target population, is currently unknown. We estimated salt intakes among lactating women (<6 months postpartum) using three methods: repeat observed‐weighed intake records and 24‐h urinary sodium excretions (n = 104), and household salt disappearance (n = 331). Usual salt intake was estimated by adjusting for intraindividual intakes using the National Cancer Institute method, and a thiamine salt fortification scenario was modeled using a modified estimated average requirement (EAR) cut‐point method. Unadjusted salt intake from observed intakes was 9.3 (8.3–10.3) g/day, which was not different from estimated salt intake from urinary sodium excretions, 9.0 (8.4–9.7) g/day (P = 0.3). Estimated salt use from household salt disappearance was 11.3 (10.7–11.9) g/person/day. Usual (adjusted) salt intake from all sources was 7.7 (7.4–8.0) g/day. Assuming no stability losses, a modeled fortification dose of 275 mg thiamine/kg salt could increase thiamine intakes from fortified salt to 2.1 (2.0–2.2) mg/day, with even low salt consumers reaching the EAR of 1.2 mg/day from fortified salt alone. These findings, in conjunction with future sensory and stability research, can inform a potential salt fortification program in Cambodia.
Meningococcal carriage among Hajj pilgrims, risk factors for carriage and records of vaccination: a study of pilgrims to Mecca
Authors: Alasmari Abrar , Houghton Joanna , Greenwood Brian , Heymann David , Edwards Phil , Larson Heidi , Assiri Abdullah , Ben‐Rached Fathia , Pain Arnab , Behrens Ron , Bustinduy Amaya 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe Saudi government requires that all pilgrims receive a quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine at least 10 days before the Hajj. We conducted a study to determine the uptake of meningococcal vaccine and antibiotic use. We also investigated risk factors of meningococcal carriage and carriage of Neisseria meningitidis pathogenic serogroups A, C, W and Y.MethodsA cross‐sectional oropharyngeal carriage survey was conducted in 2973 Hajj pilgrims in September 2017. A real‐time polymerase chain reaction (rt‐PCR) assay was used to identify N. meningitidis from the oropharyngeal swabs. A questionnaire investigated potential risk factors for carriage of N. meningitidis.ResultsTwo thousand two hundred forty nine oropharyngeal swabs were obtained. The overall prevalence of carriage of N. meningitidis was 4.6% (95% CI: 3.4%–6%). Carriage of pathogenic serogroups was not associated significantly with any of the meningococcal risk factors evaluated. 77% of pilgrims were vaccinated but 22.58 % said they were carrying unofficial vaccination cards.ConclusionCarriage of serogroups A, C, W and Y was not significantly associated with any of the risk factors investigated. Almost a quarter of pilgrims were unlikely to have been vaccinated, highlighting a need to strengthen compliance with the current policy of vaccination to prevent meningococcal disease outbreaks during and after the Hajj.