bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Red blood cell transfusion in patients with anti‐Yta
Authors: Wong Shu Min , Cawthorne Tanya , Dennington Peta M. , Hong Frank S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundYta is a high frequency red blood cell (RBC) antigen, present in 99.7% of studied populations. It is extremely immunogenic, and when anti‐Yta is present, provision of Yt(a−) blood is often challenging. The objectives of our study were to assess the incidence and severity of acute hemolytic transfusion reactions to Yt(a+) donor RBCs in recipients with preformed anti‐Yta and to identify any patient factors associated with severe hemolytic reactions.Study Design and MethodsPatients with anti‐Yta identified by the Red Cell Reference Laboratories of the Australian Red Cross Lifeblood over the past 20 years were included. Their transfusion records were collected via the referring laboratory to ascertain if any patients received RBC transfusion and if there was any evidence of transfusion reactions.ResultsFifty‐two patients with anti‐Yta were identified; only 12 were confirmed to have received a RBC transfusion. Nine received Yt(a+) or untyped allogeneic RBCs, including four patients who received a total of 16 indirect antiglobulin test (IAT) crossmatch incompatible, likely Yt(a+) RBCs. None of the nine patients had documented acute hemolytic reactions.ConclusionThere are limited published data describing the clinical significance of anti‐Yta. Based on our data, it appears that transfusing patients with anti‐Yta using incompatible crossmatched RBCs does not pose a significant risk of an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction when the antibody reaction strength is weak ≤2+ (0‐4) by IAT crossmatch. For strong examples of the antibody, in the absence of other assay data, such as the monocyte monolayer assay, Yt(a−) blood should continue to be sourced where possible.
Key Features of the Transient Amplification of Mistuned Systems
Authors: Carassale Luigi , Denoël Vincent , Martel Carlos , Panning-von Scheidt Lars 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The dynamic behavior of bladed disks in resonance crossing has been intensively investigated in the community of turbomachinery, addressing the attention to (1) the transient-type response that appear when the resonance is crossed with a finite sweep rate and (2) the localization of the vibration in the disk due to the blade mistuning. In real conditions, the two mentioned effects coexist and can interact in a complex manner. This paper investigates the problem by means of analytic solutions obtained through asymptotic expansions, as well as numerical simulations. The mechanical system is assumed as simple as possible: a 2DOF linear system defined through the three parameters: damping ratio ξ, frequency mistuning Δ, rotor acceleration Ω̇. The analytic solutions are calculated through the multiple-scale method.
A Time-Series Rank Ordering Control System Data-Driven Fault Detection Approach for HVAC Systems in Buildings
Authors: Shia James A. , Auslander David M. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
About 41% of total energy consumption in the United States of year 2014 is used for heating and air conditioning, which is about 40 quadrillion (40 × 1015) British thermal units (BTUs). Despite the fact that people have been working on fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems for a long time, very few publications have focused on scalability and low cost. To address this challenge, we will propose an approach that focuses on control system data. Several machine learning algorithms are introduced for data exploration (e.g., DBSCAN, k-means) and analysis, rank-ordered weather data are used to define comparable days, a control system data focused model free approach is presented as well, and finally, fault detection is carried out by implementing anomaly algorithms (local outlier factor and isolation forest). Hidden faults were detected with a detection rate up to 90%+. The threshold parameter can be determined by selecting an acceptable true positive and false positive rate pair, which can be visualized using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and is demonstrated in this article. A simulation model that is used to generate about 250 GB of data is used to evaluate the performance of various algorithms.
Uncertainty Propagation Through An Empirical Model of Cutting Forces in End Milling
Authors: Bhattacharyya Abhijit , Schueller John K. , Mann Brian P. , Schmitz Tony L. , Gomez Michael 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Empirical mathematical models of cutting forces in machining processes use experimentally determined input parameters to make predictions. A general method for propagation of input parameter uncertainties through such predictive models is developed. Sources of uncertainty are identified and classified. First, a classical uncertainty procedure is employed to estimate uncertainties associated with the data reduction equation using a first-order Taylor series expansion. Small values of input parameter uncertainties justify this local linearization. Coverage factors required to estimate confidence intervals are computed based on appropriate underlying statistical distributions. A root sum of squares method yields the overall expanded uncertainty in force predictions. A popular model used for predicting cutting forces in end milling is selected to demonstrate the procedure, but the demonstrated approach is general. The analysis is applied to experimental data. Force predictions are quoted along with a confidence interval attached to them. An alternative analysis based on Monte Carlo simulations is also presented. This procedure yields different insights compared with the classical uncertainty analysis and complements it. Monte Carlo simulation provides combined uncertainties directly without sensitivity calculations. Classical uncertainty analysis reveals the impacts of random effects and systematic effects separately. This information can prompt the user to improve the experimental setup if the impact of systematic effects is observed to be comparatively large. The method of quoting an estimate of the uncertainty in force predictions presented in this paper will permit users to assess the suitability of given empirical force prediction models in specific applications.
Physically Based Modeling of Cyclic Plasticity for Highly Oriented Nanotwinned Metals
Authors: Chen Wufan , Zhou Haofei , Yang Wei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Fatigue resistance is crucial for the engineering application of metals. Polycrystalline metals with highly oriented nanotwins have been shown to exhibit a history-independent, stable, and symmetric cyclic response [Pan et al., 2017, Nature 551, pp. 214-217]. However, a constitutive model that incorporates the cyclic deformation mechanism of highly oriented nanotwinned metals is currently lacking. This study aims to develop a physically based model to describe the plastic deformation of highly oriented nanotwinned metals under cyclic loading parallel to the twin boundaries. The theoretical analysis is conducted based on non-uniform distribution of twin boundary spacing measured by experiments. During cyclic plasticity, each twin lamella is discretely regarded as a perfect elastoplastic element with a yielding strength depending on its thickness. The interaction between adjacent nanotwins is not taken into consideration according to the cyclic plasticity mechanism of highly oriented nanotwins. The modeling results are well consistent with the experiments, including the loading-history independence, Masing behavior, and back stress evolution. Moreover, the dissipation energy during cyclic deformation can be evaluated from a thermodynamics perspective, which offers an approach for the prediction of the fatigue life of highly oriented nanotwins. The cyclic plasticity modeling and fatigue life prediction are unified without additional fatigue damage parameters. Overall, our work lays down a physics-informed framework that is critical for the precise prediction of the unique cyclic behaviors of highly oriented nanotwins.
Toward Quantifiable Evidence of Excess’ Value Using Personal Gaming Desktops
Authors: Long Daniel , Morkos Beshoy , Ferguson Scott 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Complex systems may operate in scenarios where the current requirements were “unknown” at the time of their original design. Such “unknown” requirements might be outside the probability distribution expected during the design phase or, more drastically, might not have been predicted. Yet, not meeting these “unknown” requirements can significantly reduce system value. Engineering design researchers have begun addressing this challenge by exploring how incorporating margins when the system is being designed—a form of strategic inefficiency—might increase a system’s total lifetime value by reducing sensitivity to requirement changes and truncating change propagation. Quantitatively studying excess margin beyond what is required for known uncertainties has been particularly challenging as information is needed about how requirements change, how system performance is impacted by requirement changes, and how components are priced. A quantitative study around excess using 20 years of data for desktop computers, video game consoles, and video games is developed. Evidence is provided that excess can improve end-user system value when future requirements are unknown. This paper also advances the notion of strategic excess (excess incorporated in a single component), showing as one example that excess RAM would have improved system performance by 14% (on average) for 7% of total system cost. In demonstrating the value of excess, we strengthen the argument that engineers (and end-users) should embrace strategic inefficiencies—even though they might never be used—and further study the implications of system architecture and module interfaces decisions.
A Traveling Wave Thermoacoustic Engine—Design and Test
Authors: McGaughy Mitchell , Wang Chengshi , Boessneck Eric , Salem Thomas , Wagner John 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The demand for clean, sustainable, and cost-effective energy continues to increase due to global population growth and the corresponding use of consumer products. The provision of heat to a thermoacoustic prime mover results in the generation of an acoustic wave that can be converted into electrical power. Thermoacoustic devices offer highly reliable and transportable power generation with low environmental impact using a variety of fuel sources. This paper focuses on the design and testing of a single-stage, traveling-wave, thermoacoustic engine. The system configuration, component design, and integration of sensors will be described. Performance testing and system analysis show that for a 300 W heat source, the thermoacoustic machine generates a 54 Hz acoustic wave with a thermal efficiency of 7.8%. The system’s acoustic power output may be increased by 84% through improved heat exchanger design. Tuning of the acoustic system and optimization of the bi-directional turbine merit attention to realize an applicable waste heat energy harvesting system.
Design of Trustworthy Cyber–Physical–Social Systems With Discrete Bayesian Optimization
Authors: Wang Yan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Cyber–physical–social systems (CPSS) with highly integrated functions of sensing, actuation, computation, and communication are becoming the mainstream consumer and commercial products. The performance of CPSS heavily relies on the information sharing between devices. Given the extensive data collection and sharing, security and privacy are of major concerns. Thus, one major challenge of designing those CPSS is how to incorporate the perception of trust in product and systems design. Recently, a trust quantification method was proposed to measure the trustworthiness of CPSS by quantitative metrics of ability, benevolence, and integrity. The CPSS network architecture can be optimized by choosing a subnet such that the trust metrics are maximized. The combinatorial network optimization problem, however, is computationally challenging. Most of the available global optimization algorithms for solving such problems are heuristic methods. In this paper, a surrogate-based discrete Bayesian optimization method is developed to perform network design, where the most trustworthy CPSS network with respect to a reference node is formed to collaborate and share information with. The applications of ability and benevolence metrics in design optimization of CPSS architecture are demonstrated.
TopologyGAN: Topology Optimization Using Generative Adversarial Networks Based on Physical Fields Over the Initial Domain
Authors: Nie Zhenguo , Lin Tong , Jiang Haoliang , Kara Levent Burak 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In topology optimization using deep learning, the load and boundary conditions represented as vectors or sparse matrices often miss the opportunity to encode a rich view of the design problem, leading to less than ideal generalization results. We propose a new data-driven topology optimization model called TopologyGAN that takes advantage of various physical fields computed on the original, unoptimized material domain, as inputs to the generator of a conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN). Compared to a baseline cGAN, TopologyGAN achieves a nearly 3 × reduction in the mean squared error and a 2.5 × reduction in the mean absolute error on test problems involving previously unseen boundary conditions. Built on several existing network models, we also introduce a hybrid network called U-SE(Squeeze-and-Excitation)-ResNet for the generator that further increases the overall accuracy. We publicly share our full implementation and trained network.
Long-Term Safety and Feasibility of Left Bundle Branch Pacing in a Large Single-Center Study
Authors: Su Lan , Wang Songjie , Wu Shengjie , Xu Lei , Huang Zhouqing , Chen Xiao , Zheng Rujie , Jiang Limeng , Ellenbogen Kenneth A. , Whinnett Zachary I. , Huang Weijian 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) is a novel pacing method and has been observed to have low and stable pacing thresholds in prior small short-term studies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of LBBP in a large consecutive diverse group of patients with long-term follow-up.

Methods:
This study prospectively enrolled 632 consecutive pacemaker patients with attempted LBBP from April 2017 to July 2019. Pacing parameters, complications, ECG, and echocardiographic measurements were assessed at implant and during follow-up of 1, 6, 12, and 24 months.

Results:

LBBP was successful in 618/632 (97.8%) patients according to strict criteria for LBB capture. Mean follow-up time was 18.6±6.7 months. Two hundred thirty-one patients had follow-up over 2 years. LBB capture threshold at implant was 0.65±0.27 mV at 0.5 ms and 0.69±0.24 mV at 0.5 ms at 2-year follow-up. A significant decrease in QRS duration was observed in patients with left bundle branch block (167.22±18.99 versus 124.02±24.15 ms,
P
<0.001). Postimplantation left ventricular ejection fraction improved in patients with QRS≥120 ms (48.82±17.78% versus 58.12±13.04%,
P
<0.001). The number of patients with moderate and severe tricuspid regurgitation decreased at 1 year. Permanent right bundle branch injury occurred in 55 (8.9%) patients. LBB capture threshold increased to >3 V or loss of bundle capture in 6 patients (1%), 2 patients of them had a loss of conduction system capture. Two patients required lead revision due to dislodgement.

Conclusions:
This large observational study suggests that LBBP is feasible with high success rates and low complication rates during long-term follow-up. Therefore, LBBP appears to be a reliable method for physiological pacing for patients with either a bradycardia or heart failure pacing indication.
Immune reconstitution and infectious complications following axicabtagene ciloleucel therapy for large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Baird John H. , Epstein David J. , Tamaresis John S. , Ehlinger Zachary , Spiegel Jay Y. , Craig Juliana , Claire Gursharan K. , Frank Matthew J. , Muffly Lori , Shiraz Parveen , Meyer Everett , Arai Sally , Brown Janice (Wes) , Johnston Laura , Lowsky Robert , Negrin Robert S. , Rezvani Andrew R. , Weng Wen-Kai , Latchford Theresa , Sahaf Bita , Mackall Crystal L. , Miklos David B. , Sidana Surbhi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy targeting CD19 has significantly improved outcomes in the treatment of refractory or relapsed large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). We evaluated the long-term course of hematologic recovery, immune reconstitution, and infectious complications in 41 patients with LBCL treated with axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) at a single center. Grade 3+ cytopenias occurred in 97.6% of patients within the first 28 days postinfusion, with most resolved by 6 months. Overall, 63.4% of patients received a red blood cell transfusion, 34.1% of patients received a platelet transfusion, 36.6% of patients received IV immunoglobulin, and 51.2% of patients received growth factor (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) injections beyond the first 28 days postinfusion. Only 40% of patients had recovered detectable CD19+ B cells by 1 year, and 50% of patients had a CD4+ T-cell count &lt;200 cells per μL by 18 months postinfusion. Patients with durable responses to axi-cel had significantly longer durations of B-cell aplasia, and this duration correlated strongly with the recovery of CD4+ T-cell counts. There were significantly more infections within the first 28 days compared with any other period of follow-up, with the majority being mild-moderate in severity. Receipt of corticosteroids was the only factor that predicted risk of infection in a multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 3.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.18-16.5). Opportunistic infections due to Pneumocystis jirovecii and varicella-zoster virus occurred up to 18 months postinfusion in patients who prematurely discontinued prophylaxis. These results support the use of comprehensive supportive care, including long-term monitoring and antimicrobial prophylaxis, beyond 12 months after axi-cel treatment.
HIGH-2-LOW risk model to predict venous thromboembolism in allogeneic transplant patients after platelet engraftment
Authors: Martens Kylee L. , da Costa Wilson L. , Amos Christopher I. , Davis Chris , Kesten Madeline , Lee Stephanie J. , Zakai Neil A. , Garcia David A. , Li Ang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a significant treatment-associated complication, although optimal timing of thromboprophylaxis remains uncertain when weighing concurrent risks of bleeding. We aimed to derive and internally validate a risk assessment model (RAM) using patients who underwent first allogeneic HCT from 2006 through 2015 (n = 1703). Index date was defined as the 30th day after transplant, at which point we estimated &gt;75% of patients would have achieved platelet engraftment &gt;50 × 109/L. Stepwise logistic regression modeling was used for model development, and internal validation was achieved by fitting a logistic regression model with 1000 bootstrapped resamples to estimate the optimism-corrected c-statistic. The final RAM, “HIGH-2-LOW,” included 7 predictors obtained at 30 days after transplant: History of catheter-related deep venous thrombosis (DVT), Inpatient at day 30, Graft-versus-host disease grade 3 to 4, History of pulmonary embolism or lower-extremity DVT, Lymphoma diagnosis, Obesity with body mass index ≥35 kg/m2, and White blood cell count ≥11 × 109/L. Approximately 16% of patients were stratified as high risk, with incident VTE rate of 10.3% at 100 days compared with 1.5% for those at low risk. VTE odds ratios at 100 days were 5.87 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.98-11.57) and 2.71 (95% CI, 1.38-5.35) in the high- and intermediate-risk vs low-risk groups, respectively. HIGH-2-LOW model serves as a novel and potentially clinically meaningful tool to identify high-risk allogeneic HCT patients who may benefit from early thromboprophylaxis after platelet engraftment.
UCD with MCD-like inflammatory state: surgical excision is highly effective
Authors: Zhang Miao-yan , Jia Ming-nan , Chen Jia , Feng Jun , Cao Xin-xin , Zhou Dao-bin , Fajgenbaum David C. , Zhang Lu , Li Jian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUnicentric Castleman disease (UCD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder presenting as a single nodal mass with characteristic histopathology. Patients with UCD are typically asymptomatic with normal laboratory markers, whereas patients with multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) demonstrate multicentric lymphadenopathy and cytokine storm–induced systemic inflammatory symptoms. This retrospective analysis of 116 UCD cases identified 19 (16.4%) cases with an MCD-like inflammatory state (UCD-MIS). We compared treatments and outcomes between cases of UCD-MIS and UCD–non-MIS to evaluate the role of surgery and illuminate biological behavior of UCD-MIS. There were differences in the distribution of histopathological subtypes (plasmacytic histopathology was more frequently seen, 52.6% vs 13.4%; P &lt; .001) between the 2 groups. However, both groups demonstrated good responses to surgical treatment, suggesting that UCD-MIS in some patients still shared common biological behavior with UCD in other patients. Sixteen (94.2%) patients with UCD-MIS underwent complete surgical excision alone, and the systemic inflammation resolved completely in all of them. This high response rate suggests surgical treatment as a potential cure for this unique subset of patients. After a median follow-up duration of 64 months (range, 2-239 months), neither lymphadenopathy nor the inflammatory state recurred. However, inflammation may progress in patients with irresectable disease, and treatment options other than surgery should be considered in these patients.
Genome-wide identification, evolution and expression analysis of the aspartic protease gene family during rapid growth of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) shoots
Authors: Wang Xiaqin , Yan Xinyang , Li Shubin , Jing Yun , Gu Lianfeng , Zou Shuangquan , Zhang Jin , Liu Bobin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Aspartic proteases (APs) are a class of aspartic peptidases belonging to nine proteolytic enzyme families whose members are widely distributed in biological organisms. APs play essential functions during plant development and environmental adaptation. However, there are few reports about APs in fast-growing moso bamboo.

Result
In this study, we identified a total of 129 AP proteins (PhAPs) encoded by the moso bamboo genome. Phylogenetic and gene structure analyses showed that these 129 PhAPs could be divided into three categories (categories A, B and C). The PhAP gene family in moso bamboo may have undergone gene expansion, especially the members of categories A and B, although homologs of some members in category C have been lost. The chromosomal location of PhAPs suggested that segmental and tandem duplication events were critical for PhAP gene expansion. Promoter analysis revealed that PhAPs in moso bamboo may be involved in plant development and responses to environmental stress. Furthermore, PhAPs showed tissue-specific expression patterns and may play important roles in rapid growth, including programmed cell death, cell division and elongation, by integrating environmental signals such as light and gibberellin signals.

Conclusion
Comprehensive analysis of the AP gene family in moso bamboo suggests that PhAPs have experienced gene expansion that is distinct from that in rice and may play an important role in moso bamboo organ development and rapid growth. Our results provide a direction and lay a foundation for further analysis of plant AP genes to clarify their function during rapid growth.