bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic identification and stratification of help-seeking school-aged youth with mental health problems: a novel approach to stage-based stepped-care
Authors: Wolf Rasmus Trap , Puggaard Louise Berg , Pedersen Mette Maria Agner , Pagsberg Anne Katrine , Silverman Wendy K. , Correll Christoph U. , Plessen Kerstin Jessica , Neumer Simon-Peter , Gyrd-Hansen Dorte , Thastum Mikael , Bilenberg Niels , Thomsen Per Hove , Jeppesen Pia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe investigated whether a novel visitation model for school-aged youth with mental health problems based on a stage-based stepped-care approach facilitated a systematic identification and stratification process without problems with equity in access. The visitation model was developed within the context of evaluating a new transdiagnostic early treatment for youth with anxiety, depressive symptoms, and/or behavioural problems. The model aimed to identify youth with mental health problems requiring an intervention, and to stratify the youth into three groups with increasing severity of problems. This was accomplished using a two-phase stratification process involving a web-based assessment and a semi-structured psychopathological interview of the youth and parents. To assess problems with inequity in access, individual-level socioeconomic data were obtained from national registers with data on both the youth participating in the visitation and the background population. Altogether, 573 youth and their parents took part in the visitation process. Seventy-five (13%) youth had mental health problems below the intervention threshold, 396 (69%) were deemed eligible for the early treatment, and 52 (9%) had symptoms of severe mental health problems. Fifty (9%) youth were excluded for other reasons. Eighty percent of the 396 youth eligible for early treatment fulfilled criteria of a mental disorder. The severity of mental health problems highlights the urgent need for a systematic approach. Potential problems in reaching youth of less resourceful parents, and older youth were identified. These findings can help ensure that actions are taken to avoid equity problems in future mental health care implementations.
Single-ion conducting polymer electrolyte for Li||LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 batteries—impact of the anodic cutoff voltage and ambient temperature
Authors: Steinle Dominik , Chen Zhen , Nguyen Huu-Dat , Kuenzel Matthias , Iojoiu Cristina , Passerini Stefano , Bresser Dominic 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPolymer-based electrolytes potentially enable enhanced safety and increased energy density of lithium-metal batteries employing high capacity, transition metal oxide–positive electrodes. Herein, we report the investigation of lithium-metal battery cells comprising Li[Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2]O2 as active material for the positive electrode and a poly(arylene ether sulfone)-based single-ion conductor as the electrolyte incorporating ethylene carbonate (EC) as selectively coordinating molecular transporter. The resulting lithium-metal battery cells provide very stable cycling for more than 300 cycles accompanied by excellent average Coulombic efficiency (99.95%) at an anodic cutoff potential of 4.2 V. To further increase the achievable energy density, the stepwise increase to 4.3 V and 4.4 V is herein investigated, highlighting that the polymer electrolyte offers comparable cycling stability, at least, as common liquid organic electrolytes. Moreover, the impact of temperature and the EC content on the rate capability is evaluated, showing that the cells with a higher EC content offer a capacity retention at 2C rate equal to 61% of the capacity recorded at 0.05 C at 60 °C.
Sex differences in the behavioral responses of dogs exposed to human chemosignals of fear and happiness
Authors: D’Aniello Biagio , Fierro Barbara , Scandurra Anna , Pinelli Claudia , Aria Massimo , Semin Gün R. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis research focuses on sex differences in the behavioral patterns of dogs when they are exposed to human chemosignals (sweat) produced in happy and fear contexts. No age, breed or apparatus-directed behavior differences were found. However, when exposed to fear chemosignals, dogs’ behavior towards their owners, and their stress signals lasted longer when compared to being exposed to happiness as well as control chemosignals. In the happy odor condition, females, in contrast to males, displayed a significantly higher interest to the stranger compared to their owner. In the fear condition, dogs spent more time with their owner compared to the stranger. Behaviors directed towards the door, indicative of exit interest, had a longer duration in the fear condition than the other two conditions. Female dogs revealed a significantly longer door-directed behavior in the fear condition compared to the control condition. Overall the data shows that the effect of exposure to human emotional chemosignals is not sex dependent for behaviors related to the apparatus, the owner or the stress behaviors; however, in the happiness condition, females showed a stronger tendency to interact with the stranger.
On standard quadratic programs with exact and inexact doubly nonnegative relaxations
Authors: Gökmen Y. Görkem , Yıldırım E. Alper 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe problem of minimizing a (nonconvex) quadratic form over the unit simplex, referred to as a standard quadratic program, admits an exact convex conic formulation over the computationally intractable cone of completely positive matrices. Replacing the intractable cone in this formulation by the larger but tractable cone of doubly nonnegative matrices, i.e., the cone of positive semidefinite and componentwise nonnegative matrices, one obtains the so-called doubly nonnegative relaxation, whose optimal value yields a lower bound on that of the original problem. We present a full algebraic characterization of the set of instances of standard quadratic programs that admit an exact doubly nonnegative relaxation. This characterization yields an algorithmic recipe for constructing such an instance. In addition, we explicitly identify three families of instances for which the doubly nonnegative relaxation is exact. We establish several relations between the so-called convexity graph of an instance and the tightness of the doubly nonnegative relaxation. We also provide an algebraic characterization of the set of instances for which the doubly nonnegative relaxation has a positive gap and show how to construct such an instance using this characterization.
Preoperative predictors of dysphagia after transoral surgery
Authors: Fujiwara Kazunori , Taira Kenkichiro , Donishi Ryohei , Koyama Satoshi , Morisaki Tsuyoshi , Fukuhara Takahiro , Takeuchi Hiromi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Transoral surgery (TOS) has been used to remove pharyngeal and laryngeal cancers with the objective of improving functional without worsening survival. However, there is a risk of postoperative dysphagia, which can severely impair quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the preoperative predictive factors for postoperative dysphagia in patients undergoing TOS.

Methods
One hundred and twenty patients who underwent TOS were evaluated in this study. The degree of dysphagia was evaluated using the Functional Outcome Swallowing Scale (FOSS) both preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Those whose FOSS stage was maintained postoperatively were classified into the FOSS-M group, while those with increased FOSS stage postopratively were classified into the FOSS-I group. The following parameters were assessed before surgery: age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and history of head and neck radiotherapy. Videofluoroscopy (VF) was performed preoperatively to evaluate swallowing function using the Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS).

Results
The BMI of the FOSS-M group was significantly higher than that of the FOSS-I group. A history of radiotherapy was significantly more common in the FOSS-I group than in the FOSS-M group. Finally, preoperative PAS in the FOSS-M group was lower than that in the FOSS-I group.

Conclusion
This study suggested that patients with preoperative aspiration detected using VF might develop postoperative dysphagia severely. In addition, preoperative low BMI and a history of previous radiotherapy for head and neck cancer were associated with postoperative dysphagia. Objective examinations such as VF should be performed preoperatively.
Missing the point in noncommutative geometry
Authors: Huggett Nick , Lizzi Fedele , Menon Tushar 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNoncommutative geometries generalize standard smooth geometries, parametrizing the noncommutativity of dimensions with a fundamental quantity with the dimensions of area. The question arises then of whether the concept of a region smaller than the scale—and ultimately the concept of a point—makes sense in such a theory. We argue that it does not, in two interrelated ways. In the context of Connes’ spectral triple approach, we show that arbitrarily small regions are not definable in the formal sense. While in the scalar field Moyal–Weyl approach, we show that they cannot be given an operational definition. We conclude that points do not exist in such geometries. We therefore investigate (a) the metaphysics of such a geometry, and (b) how the appearance of smooth manifold might be recovered as an approximation to a fundamental noncommutative geometry.
Regional entrepreneurial ecosystems: how family firm embeddedness triggers ecosystem development
Authors: Bichler Bernhard Fabian , Kallmuenzer Andreas , Peters Mike , Petry Tanja , Clauss Thomas 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRegional business development is driven by family firms, which are generally deeply embedded in their region, particularly in rural areas. This study explores how family entrepreneurs’ embeddedness drives an entrepreneurial ecosystem as a regional context for innovation. For this purpose, the study brings together entrepreneurship research on embeddedness and on ecosystems, and develops the entrepreneurial ecosystem embeddedness framework to better understand the connection of entrepreneurs to their local environment along three dimensions. Analyzing qualitative interviews from the hospitality context with a pattern matching approach, we highlight the role of family entrepreneurs’ (1) horizontal embeddedness in the economic and socio-political environment, their (2) vertical embeddedness in industry regimes, in particular the family, and their (3) spatial embeddedness in the region for value creation. Thereby we contribute to a differentiated understanding of how embeddedness as a social fabric relates to entrepreneurial ecosystems. The propositions of this study recommend raising awareness for managing entrepreneurs’ embeddedness along these three dimensions since unilateral engagement and a lack of coordinated embeddedness can restrict value creation.
Investigation of an inverse thermal injection mould design methodology in dependence of the part geometry
Authors: Hopmann C. , Gerads J. , Hohlweck T. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe production of injection moulded components with low shrinkage and warpage is a constant challenge for manufacturers. The thermal design of the injection mould plays an important role for the achievable quality, especially the placement of the cooling channels. This design is usually based on empirical knowledge of the mould designers. The construction is supported iteratively by injection moulding simulations. In the case of thick-walled plastic optics with big wall thickness jumps, the shrinkage is compensated by injection compression moulding. In this process, the thin-walled areas freeze earlier and the necessary compression pressure introduces stresses into these areas which reduces the optical performance. An adapted cooling channel design can reduce these problems. At the IKV, Institute for Plastics Processing in Industry and Crafts at the RWTH Aachen University, a methodology was developed which inversely calculates the cooling requirement of the moulded part A demand-oriented cooling channel system is derived based on the computed results. The aim of the research projects is to minimise displacement and internal stresses by temperature control of the moulded parts according to the demand. In this paper, the methodology is applied to three different geometries, representing three classical parts for the injection moulding process. Three different quality areas in the mould for the inverse optimisation are defined and investigated. For each geometry the cooling channel designs are then validated in injection moulding simulations based on the results from the thermal optimisation. It can be shown that for different component geometries and thicknesses, different quality areas are advantageous and decrease the maximum warpage of the parts. For thin-walled ribbed components, a 2D approach leads to a 15% smaller displacement, for components with wall thickness jumps, all investigated quality ranges show no differences in displacement, but a surface in the middle of the part is preferred due to a 3 °C lower standard deviation of the temperature distribution.
Predictive modelling of soils’ hydraulic conductivity using artificial neural network and multiple linear regression
Authors: Williams Charles Gbenga , Ojuri Oluwapelumi O. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAs a result of heterogeneity nature of soils and variation in its hydraulic conductivity over several orders of magnitude for various soil types from fine-grained to coarse-grained soils, predictive methods to estimate hydraulic conductivity of soils from properties considered more easily obtainable have now been given an appropriate consideration. This study evaluates the performance of artificial neural network (ANN) being one of the popular computational intelligence techniques in predicting hydraulic conductivity of wide range of soil types and compared with the traditional multiple linear regression (MLR). ANN and MLR models were developed using six input variables. Results revealed that only three input variables were statistically significant in MLR model development. Performance evaluations of the developed models using determination coefficient and mean square error show that the prediction capability of ANN is far better than MLR. In addition, comparative study with available existing models shows that the developed ANN and MLR in this study performed relatively better.
Optical control of transverse motion of ionization injected electrons in a laser plasma accelerator
Authors: Feng Jie , Li Yifei , Wang Jinguang , Li Dazhang , Zhu Changqing , Tan Junhao , Geng Xiaotao , Liu Feng , Chen Liming 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We demonstrate an all-optical method for controlling the transverse motion of an ionization injected electron beam in a laser plasma accelerator by using the transversely asymmetrical plasma wakefield. The laser focus shape can control the distribution of a transversal wakefield. When the laser focus shape is changed from circular to slanted elliptical in the experiment, the electron beam profiles change from an ellipse to three typical shapes. The three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation result agrees well with the experiment, and it shows that the trajectories of these accelerated electrons change from undulating to helical. Such an all-optical method could be useful for convenient control of the transverse motion of an electron beam, which results in synchrotron radiation from orbit angular momentum.
Comparison of Gaia and Hipparcos parallaxes of close visual binary stars and the impact on determinations of their masses
Authors: Al-Wardat Mashhoor Ahmad , Hussein Abdallah M. , Al-Naimiy Hamid M. , Barstow Martin A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Precise measurement of the fundamental parameters of stellar systems, including mass and radius, depends critically on how well the stellar distances are known. Astrometry from space provides parallax measurements of unprecented accuracy, from which distances can be derived, initially from the Hipparcos mission, with a further refinement of that analysis provided by van Leeuwen in 2007. The publication of the Gaia DR2 catalogue promises a dramatic improvement in the available data. We have recalculated the dynamical masses of a sample of 1 700 close visual binary stars using Gaia DR2 and compared the results with masses derived from both the original and enhanced Hipparcos data. We show the van Leeuwen analysis yields results close to those of Gaia DR2, but the latter are significantly more accurate. We consider the impact of the Gaia DR2 parallaxes on our understanding of the sample of visual binaries.
The impact of Anguillicoloides crassus (Nematoda) on European eel swimbladder: histopathology and relationship between neuroendocrine and immune cells
Authors: Dezfuli Bahram Sayyaf , Maestri Chiara , Lorenzoni Massimo , Carosi Antonella , Maynard Barbara J , Bosi Giampaolo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe swimbladder functions as a hydrostatic organ in most bony fishes, including the European eel, Anguilla anguilla. Infection by the nematode Anguillicoloides crassus impairs swimbladder function, significantly compromising the success of the eel spawning migration. Swimbladders from 32 yellow eels taken from Lake Trasimeno (Central Italy) were analysed by histopathology- and electron microscopy-based techniques. Sixteen eels (50%) harboured A. crassus in their swimbladders and intensity of infection ranged from 2 to 17 adult nematodes per organ (6.9 ± 1.6, mean ± s.e.). Gross observations of heavily infected swimbladders showed opacity and histological analysis found a papillose aspect to the mucosa and hyperplasia of the lamina propria, muscularis mucosae and submucosa. Inflammation, haemorrhages, dilation of blood vessels and epithelial erosion were common in infected swimbladders. In the epithelium of parasitized swimbladders, many empty spaces and lack of apical junctional complexes were frequent among the gas gland cells. In heavily infected swimbladders, we observed hyperplasia, cellular swelling and abundant vacuolization in the apical portion of the gas gland cells. Numerous mast cells and several macrophage aggregates were noticed in the mucosal layer of infected swimbladders. We found more nervous and endocrine elements immunoreactive to a panel of six rabbit polyclonal antibodies in infected swimbladders compared to uninfected.
An unlikely partnership? New Zealand–South Korea bilateral cooperation and Antarctic order
Authors: Flamm Patrick 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
While the Antarctic Treaty System intended to keep Antarctica an area of international cooperation and science free from militarisation and international conflict, the region has not been completely shielded from global power transitions, such as decolonisation and the end of the Cold War. Presently, emerging countries from Asia are increasingly willing to invest in polar infrastructure and science on the back of their growing influence in world politics. South Korea has also invested heavily in its Antarctic infrastructure and capabilities recently and has been identified as an actor with economic and political interests that are potentially challenging for the existing Antarctic order. This article first assesses the extent and performance of the growing bilateral cooperation between South Korea and one of its closest partners, New Zealand, a country with strong vested interests in the status quo order. How did the cooperation develop between these two actors with ostensibly diverging interests? This article finds that what may have been a friction–laden relationship, actually developed into a win-win partnership for both countries. The article then moves on to offer an explanation for how this productive relationship was made possible by utilising a mutual socialisation approach that explores socio-structural processes around status accommodation.
Grace in action: exploring the intersection of soteriology and ethics in the letter to Titus
Authors: Henriksson Gustaf W. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article investigates action of grace in Titus 2:11 and argues for a congeniality in this epistle with Pauline thought on grace as interpreted by John Barclay inPaul and the Gift.Barclay's disentanglement of the concept, including his newfound taxonomy for χάρις, advances Pauline studies significantly, yet it has not informed studies of the Pastoral Epistles. The article examines the juxtaposition of soteriology and ethics found in Titus 2:11–14 and 3:4–7, proposing that the subsequent passage is an elaboration of the first, which sheds light on the idiosyncratic notion of God's grace performing ethical training.
Distance–decay patterns differ between canopy and ground ant assemblages in a tropical rainforest
Authors: Antoniazzi Reuber , Viana-Junior Arleu B. , Pelayo-Martínez Jaime , Ortiz-Lozada Liliana , Neves Frederico S. , Leponce Maurice , Dáttilo Wesley 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBoth decreases in compositional similarity with increasing geographic distances between sites (i.e. distance–decay relationship) and vertical stratification of species composition are key issues in ecology. However, the intersection between these two trends has scarcely been investigated. Here we use identical sampling methods in the canopy and at ground level in a tropical rainforest remnant on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico to evaluate, for the first time, a distance–decay relationship within vertical strata in insect assemblages. We found that the ant assemblage was vertically stratified; ant species richness was higher at ground level than in the canopy, and the species composition differed between the two vertical strata. Moreover, we observed that β-diversity increased with geographic distance at ground level, but not in the canopy strata. However, contrary to our prediction, there was less species turnover (lower β-diversity) between vertical strata than between trees. These findings may reflect differences in the dispersal capacity and nest habit of ants from each vertical stratum, and also habitat heterogeneity on the horizontal scale, e.g. the species of sampled trees. Our results illustrate the importance of sampling more than one vertical stratum to understand the spatial distribution patterns of biological diversity in tropical rainforests.
Persistently high SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate and incidence for Hispanic/Latinos during state reopening in an urban setting: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Weng Chien-Hsiang , Saal Andrew , McGuire Daniel C. , Chan Philip A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHispanic/Latino populations are disproportionately impacted by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the United States. The impact of state reopening on COVID-19 in this population after stay-at-home orders is unknown. We evaluated the incidence, prevalence and trends during reopening of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) at a major federally qualified health centre in Providence, Rhode Island. A total of 14 505 patients were tested for SARS-CoV-2 from 19 March to 18 August 2020, of which, data on 13 318 (91.8%) patients were available; 70.0% were Hispanic/Latino, and 2905 were positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The urban Hispanic/Latino population was almost five times more likely to test positive for SARS-CoV-2 (risk ratio 4.97, 95% CI 2.59–9.53,P< 0.001) compared to non-Hispanic White. The positivity rates among the urban Hispanic/Latino population remained >10% during all phases of reopening. The trends of the incidence rates showed similar associations to those we observed for positivity rates. Public health interventions to address SARS-CoV-2 in Hispanic/Latino communities are urgently needed, even in latter phases of state reopening.