bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction between BZR1 and EIN3 mediates signalling crosstalk between brassinosteroids and ethylene
Authors: Zhao Na , Zhao Min , Tian Yanchen , Wang Yichuan , Han Chao , Fan Min , Guo Hongwei , Bai Ming‐Yi 
Published: August 2021

Summary

Plant growth and development are coordinated by multiple environmental and endogenous signals. Brassinosteroid (BR) and ethylene (ET) have overlapping functions in a wide range of developmental processes. However, the relationship between the BR and ET signalling pathways has remained unclear.

Here, we show that BR and ET interdependently promote apical hook development and cell elongation through a direct interaction between BR‐activated BRASSINOZALE‐RESISTANT1 (BZR1) and ET‐activated ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3).

Genetic analysis showed that BR signalling is required for ET promotion of apical hook development in the dark and cell elongation under light, and ET quantitatively enhances BR‐potentiated growth. BZR1 interacts with EIN3 to co‐operatively increase the expression of HOOKLESS1 and PACLOBUTRAZOL RESISTANCE FACTORs (PREs). Furthermore, we found that BR promotion of hook development requires gibberellin (GA), and GA restores the hookless phenotype of BR‐deficient materials by activating EIN3/EIL1.

Our findings shed light on the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of plant development by BR, ET and GA signals through the direct interaction of master transcriptional regulators.
Correlation and synergy analysis of urban economy–energy–environment system—A case study of Beijing
Authors: Mu Xianzhong , Kong Li , Tu Chuang , Chen Jian , Hu Guangwen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe coordination of economy, energy, and environment plays an important role for cities seeking green transformation and sustainable development. However, poor information and equivocal data are what often face the related analysis. In this paper, the correlation and synergy of the urban economy–energy–environment system are analyzed. First, the Grey relational analysis and entropy weight method are combined and introduced to analyze the correlation degree in the indicator level and the subsystem level of the 3E system. Then, the concepts of ordinal parameter and comprehensive correlation degree are introduced, to evaluate the ordering degree of subsystems and the synergy degree of compound systems. Finally, the data of Beijing from 2008 to 2017 are used for empirical study. Results suggest that a fluctuating tendency of low synergy or none synergy is observed in the Beijing 3E system. Furthermore, the improvement of the energy subsystem displays dominant effects on the coordinated development of compound systems, and the technological innovation and structural optimization in industries could help to improve the Beijing economy–energy–environment system.
Lateral augmentation of the posterior edentulous mandible: A retrospective single arm comparison of ridge split, block bone grafts and guided bone regeneration
Authors: Nath Bera Rathindra , Kumar Sharma Naresh , Bhattacharjee Bappaditya , Bhatnagar Atul , Gopalakrishna Naveen Kumar Puvvadi , Kusumakar Ananta 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundA deficient hard and soft tissue at the surgical site is a definitive challenge for dental implant placement. Commonly used procedures for augmentation include block bone grafts, guided bone regeneration, distraction, ridge expansion, ridge split, sandwich osteotomy, etc. The current study evaluates three techniques employed for horizontal augmentation of the mandible.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted for patients reconstructed with either block bone (A), guided bone regeneration (B), or ridge split (C) for lateral augmentation of posterior mandible. The primary outcome variables assessed were immediate postoperative bone width and bone width after 4 months, bone gain and resorption. Complications were evaluated as secondary outcomes. ANOVA and post hoc turkey tests were used for statistical analysis. A p‐value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.ResultsA total of 250 patient records were included in the study. Group C had a mean bone gain of 5.8649 ± 0.6520 mm statistically significant from others. Resorption was maximum in Group B 1.1612 ± 0.2821 mm. Iliac crest graft gave a mean 5.7285 ± 0.1823 mm bone gain. Overall no difference in bone gain between particulate or block interposition.DiscussionGrafts from intraoral sites are comparable in terms of resorption. ARS considerably provides better augmentation compared to GBR and onlays.ConclusionRidge split followed by onlay block bone grafting provides the best outcomes. Ramus and symphysis grafts are comparable. Iliac grafts are still the best for significant augmentations. Guided bone regeneration suffers maximum resorption.
Ludwig's angina in a COVID positive patient—An atypical case report
Authors: Poorna T Anish , J R Lokesh , EK Joshna , John Bobby 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe management of odontogenic infections is established and several guidelines have been proposed for its effective treatment. Outbreak of COVID‐19 has posed serious challenge in the management of odontogenic infections, further complicated by immunocompromised status of the patient, where adequate evaluation and prompt attention is mandatory to avoid untoward consequences. Ludwig's angina being a life threatening infection by itself, association or simultaneous presentation with COVID‐19 infection can add further complexity in the management for a maxillofacial surgeon. Here we present a case report of Ludwig's angina in a patient who tested positive for Coronavirus infection and how we treated her successfully.
Higher prevalence but later age at onset of asthma in cross‐country skiers compared with general population
Authors: Mäki‐Heikkilä Rikhard , Karjalainen Jussi , Parkkari Jari , Huhtala Heini , Valtonen Maarit , Lehtimäki Lauri 
Published: August 2021

Cross‐country skiing causes strain in the airways because skiers train and compete in cold air. The aim of this survey was to investigate the prevalence and age at onset of asthma, asthma control, and use of asthma medication in Finnish competitive cross‐country skiers. All cross‐country skiers who were enrolled in the largest national competitions in winter 2019 (n = 1282) were invited to the study via the Finnish Ski Association. A control group (n = 1733) was matched for the responding skiers by age, gender, and region. The response rate was 27.4% (n = 351) for skiers and 19.5% (n = 338) for the controls. The prevalence of asthma was 25.9% in skiers and 9.2% in the controls (p < 0.001). Median (IQR) age at first asthma‐related symptoms was higher in skiers than in the controls (13.0 (8.25–16.0) vs. 8.0 (2.25–11.75) years, p < 0.001), and the difference in asthma prevalence was evident only after the start of skiing career. Median (IQR) Asthma Control Test (ACT) score in skiers and controls with asthma was 22.0 (21–24) vs. 22.0 (19–24) (p = 0.611), and 89.0% of skiers and 77.4% of controls had well‐controlled asthma (ACT score ≥20). In skiers with asthma, 82.4% used regular inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), and 80.2% used bronchodilators. A fixed combination of ICS +long‐acting β2‐agonist was regularly used by 47.3% of the skiers and 22.6% of the controls with asthma (p = 0.016). In conclusion, asthma prevalence is about 2.5 times higher, and age at onset of asthma is later in skiers compared with the controls. Asthma in cross‐country skiers is mostly well controlled and on regular maintenance treatment.
Pathogen‐reduced platelets in pediatric and neonatal patients: Demographics, transfusion rates, and transfusion reactions
Authors: Lasky Baia , Nolasco Joseph , Graff Jazmin , Ward Dawn C. , Ziman Alyssa , McGonigle Andrea M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPathogen‐reduced platelets (PR PLT) are the emerging standard for proactive transfusion‐transmitted infection (TTI) mitigation. There is, however, continued hesitation to transfuse PR PLT in children due to limited published data. We report demographics, rates of transfusion, and transfusion reactions (TR) associated with FDA‐approved PR PLT in pediatric and neonatal patients at an academic medical center.MethodsRetrospective review was performed for patients <18 years receiving at least one platelet over a 300‐day period at a large, tertiary care hospital. Patients were transfused PR or conventional (CONV) PLT, based on inventory availability. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher Exact Test.ResultsDuring the study period, 191 patients received 1010 platelet transfusions (892 units). Sixty‐eight patients received PR PLT only (1.3 units/patient, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–1.5; 1.8 transfusions/patient, 95% CI 1.4–2.2), and 56 patients received CONV PLT only (1.4 units/patient, 95% CI 1.1–1.7; 1.6 transfusions/patient, 95% CI 1.3–1.9). Patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing chemotherapy/radiation and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant received the most platelet transfusions and more commonly received both platelet types. Of 506 PR PLT units, 5 TRs occurred; 386 CONV PLT resulted in two TRs (p = .7052). Of 51 neonates, 37 received PR PLT without adverse events, including 13 receiving phototherapy. No TTIs were identified in any group.ConclusionThere was no significant difference in rates of transfusion or TRs between PR and CONV PLT. Our study provides additional evidence that PR PLT can be transfused to pediatric and neonatal patients without increasing the risk of acute adverse events.
The use of a Foley balloon catheter to control junctional hemorrhage in a dog with severe vascular injury secondary to penetrating trauma
Authors: Wheeler Ryan T. , Kovacic Jan P. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionPenetrating trauma is commonly seen in dogs. The severity depends on the site of injury and tissue involved. Junctional hemorrhage can be especially challenging to control given the inaccessibility of the damaged vasculature. Methods described to control life‐threatening hemorrhage in dogs include direct pressure, hemostatic gauze, hemostatic powder or granules, wound packing, tourniquets, and direct clamping of the vasculature. Foley balloon catheters (FBC) are commonly used to tamponade deep vascular hemorrhage in people, but the technique has not been previously described in the veterinary literature.ObjectiveTo present a case of penetrating trauma (bite wound) in a dog with a transected left femoral artery and vein in which the life‐threatening hemorrhage was initially controlled with tamponade using an FBC.CaseA 7‐year‐old neutered male Terrier mix presented in hemorrhagic shock with an Animal Trauma Triage (ATT) of 7 and modifed Glasgow coma scale (MGCS) of 17 forty‐five minutes after being attacked by another dog. The dog had sustained a deep penetrating wound to the left groin. Direct pressure and gauze packing at the site of injury were not successful at slowing the hemorrhage. A 10‐Fr, 55‐cm Foley catheter with a 5‐mL balloon was inserted into the wound tract, and the balloon was inflated with 7.5 mL of sterile saline. Hemorrhage was controlled after inflation of the Foley balloon. CBC, blood biochemistries, abdominal point‐of‐care ultrasound, radiographs, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and whole blood viscoelastic testing were performed. Stabilization included fluid resuscitation, analgesics, antimicrobials, and epsilon aminocaproic acid. The dog was then anesthetized to definitively identify and control the hemorrhage. Transection of the left femoral artery and vein where identified and ligated. The dog fully recovered and was discharged 32 hours later.New and unique informationFBCs may be useful as an alternative technique for temporary control of life‐threatening hemorrhage secondary to penetrating injuries in both the emergency department and prehospital settings.
Acute nontraumatic rhabdomyolysis in a Greyhound after albuterol toxicosis
Authors: Granfone Marcella , Walker Julie M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the clinical features of rhabdomyolysis due to albuterol toxicosis in a Greyhound.Case summaryA 4‐year‐old neutered male Greyhound was presented for albuterol toxicosis leading to severe hypokalemia and respiratory paralysis. After 3 hours of mechanical ventilation, pigmenturia and marked enlargement, firmness, and pain of the left thigh muscles were noted. Severe hyperkalemia and cardiac arrhythmias were identified after turning the patient. After discontinuation of mechanical ventilation, other muscles became involved, and the patient developed acute kidney injury and concern for multiple organ dysfunction syndrome over the next 5 days. On day 6, the patient was euthanized, and necropsy revealed myocardial and skeletal muscle necrosis, myoglobinuria, and acute tubular degeneration.New or unique information providedTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case of albuterol toxicosis leading to rhabdomyolysis.
Methodological quality, guidance, and tools in scoping reviews: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Pollock Danielle , Tricco Andrea C. , Peters Micah D.J. , Mclnerney Patricia A. , Khalil Hanan , Godfrey Christina M. , Alexander Lyndsay A. , Munn Zachary 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to identify and report on evidence (such as guidance) or tools regarding methodological quality or risk of bias of scoping reviews.

Introduction:
Scoping reviews have gained popularity in recent years but have been criticized for variations in their approaches. This scoping review will examine evidence on the methodological quality of scoping reviews. It will also identify and describe potential methods to inform the development of a tool for appraising the methodological quality of scoping reviews.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider all documents reporting on the development, evaluation, or use of tools addressing the critical appraisal or risk of bias of scoping reviews. The search will seek evidence published from 2005 onwards, corresponding with the publication of Arksey and O’Malley's framework for scoping reviews.

Methods:
A three-step search strategy will be used to locate both published and unpublished documents. An initial search of MEDLINE identified keywords and MeSH terms. A second search of MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL will follow. Google and Google Scholar will be searched for difficult-to-locate and unpublished literature. The authors will use their professional networks, social media accounts, and professional newsletters to contact methodologists to obtain any additional materials. Documents will be independently screened, selected, and extracted by two researchers, and the data will be presented in tables.
Study on Automatic Adaptation for Control-Oriented Model of Advanced Diesel Engine
Authors: Nishii S. , Yamasaki Y. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
To achieve high thermal efficiency and low emission in automobile engines, advanced combustion technologies using compression auto-ignition of premixtures have been studied, and model-based control has attracted attention for their practical applications. Although simplified physical models have been developed for model-based control, appropriate values for their model parameters vary depending on the operating conditions, engine driving environment, and engine aging. Herein, we studied an onboard adaptation method of model parameters in a heat release rate (HRR) model. This method adapts the model parameters using neural networks considering the operating conditions and can respond to the driving environment and the engine aging by training the neural networks onboard. Detailed studies were conducted regarding the training methods. Compared to when the model parameters were set as constants, this adaptation method significantly improved the prediction accuracy of the HRR model. Furthermore, control tests on an engine bench showed that this adaptation method also improved the model-based control accuracy of the HRR.
Computational Model of Mechano-Electrochemical Effect of Aluminum Alloys Corrosion
Authors: Ali Hessein , Stein Zachary , Fouliard Quentin , Ebrahimi Hossein , Warren Peter , Raghavan Seetha , Ghosh Ranajay 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Stress corrosion is a critical issue that leads to high costs in lost equipment and maintenance, affecting the operation and safety of aircraft platforms. Most aerospace structural components use the aluminum alloys 7xxx series, which contain Al, Cu, Zn, and Mg, due to the combined advantage of its high-strength and lightweight. However, such alloys, specifically AA7075-T4 and AA7075-T651, are susceptible to stress corrosion cracking when exposed to both mechanical stresses and corrosive environments. Stress corrosion cracking gives rise to a major technological challenge affecting aerospace systems as it leads to the degradation of mechanical properties. In addition, such corrosion presents an important yet complex modeling challenge due to the synergistic action of sustained tensile stresses and an aggressive environment. In light of this, we develop a finite element multiphysics model to investigate the interplay of mechanical loading and electrochemistry on the stress corrosion of aluminum alloys. The model includes a multiphysics coupling technique through which the kinetics of corrosion can be predicted in the presence of elastic and plastic deformation modes. The presented model provides useful information toward the kinetics of corrosion via tracking localized corrosion and stress distribution. Although the model is general, it has been made considering the characteristics of AA7xxx series, more specifically, taking AA7075.
Operational Scenarios of a Gas Turbine Using Exhaust Gas Recirculation for Carbon Capture
Authors: Burnes Dan , Saxena Priyank 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Finding viable economic solutions to significantly reduce or eliminate greenhouse gas emissions from energy and transportation products in the near future is paramount for the long-term survival of fossil fuel-burning systems. One of which, the industrial gas turbine, has proven for decades to be a versatile energy system providing high efficiencies in combined heat and power (CHP) applications melding well within existing infrastructure. Applying appropriate technology, the industrial gas turbine could be augmented to both sequester carbon and improve efficiency leveraging the full heating value of the fuel. The paper considers a more detailed operational assessment of a gas turbine using exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) to enable cost-effective postcombustion carbon sequestration and utilization. In this study, the effect of using EGR will be assessed at part load and throughout the operational envelope quantifying component and overall performance, detailed combustion characteristics, and maximizing the utilization of exhaust heat and sequestered carbon in various applications. This study will also attempt to quantify true carbon footprint of gas turbine installations and endeavor to understand the relative change of replacing the gas turbine with an all-electric alternative. Fundamentally, we are looking to see if there is a future to sustain and adapt this significant natural gas (NG) energy infrastructure to a net-zero carbon emissive future by 2050.
Understanding the Global–Local Nexus in the Context of the Olympic Games: Implications for Managing Community Development Through Sport Megaevents
Authors: Shin NaRi , Welty Peachey Jon 
Published: August 2021

In this study, the authors sought to understand the influence of the Olympic Games on a host community’s globalization and development using world-systems theory and theories of globalization (i.e., glocalization and grobalization). The host community for the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics (Daegwallyeong-myeon in South Korea) was the focus of this investigation. Using a global ethnographic approach, the authors collected diverse data through interviews, observations, archival and media documents, and field notes. Findings identified five key themes: (a) perception of underdevelopment, (b) the Organizing Committee’s institutional management of the global standard, (c) the Organizing Committee’s role as a negotiator between the global standard and the locality, (d) resident perspectives on global standards and regulations, and (e) aspirations to globalize Daegwallyeong-myeon. Through this study, the authors advance the use of world-systems theory and expand the concept of grobalization in the context of sport megaevent management by discussing global–local configurations and local agents’ desires to transform the community through Olympic-driven development and globalization.
Lixisenatide is effective and safe as add-on treatment to basal insulin in Asian individuals with type 2 diabetes and different body mass indices: a pooled analysis of data from the GetGoal Studies
Authors: Feng Wenhuan , Wang Weimin , Meng Ran , Wu Guangyu , Zhang Minlu , Zhang Xia , Yin Huiqiu , Zhu Dalong 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionThis analysis aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of once-daily lixisenatide add-on treatment to basal insulin in Asian individuals with type 2 diabetes, by baseline body mass index (BMI).Research design and methodsData from all Asian participants in the placebo-controlled GetGoal-Duo 1, GetGoal-L, and GetGoal-L-C Studies were pooled and categorized according to the following BMI subgroups:<25 kg/m2, 25–<30 kg/m2and ≥30 kg/m2. Efficacy and safety of lixisenatide versus placebo were evaluated among BMI subgroups. Multivariable regression analyses were also conducted to explore the potential influence of BMI on efficacy outcomes after adjusting for baseline characteristics.Results555 participants were included (mean age 53.9 years, 52.4% men). No significant differences in treatment effect between the BMI subgroups were observed for the changes from baseline to 24 weeks in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose, postprandial glucose (PPG), PPG excursion, body weight, BMI, and basal insulin dose with lixisenatide, as well as the change in basal insulin dose at study endpoint and the proportion of participants achieving an HbA1c <7% at 24 weeks (all p values for interaction >0.15). In the multivariable regression analysis, participants in the lowest BMI group had a smaller reduction in body weight over the 24-week treatment period relative to the highest BMI group (p=0.023).ConclusionsThis post hoc analysis indicates that lixisenatide improved glycemic control regardless of baseline BMI and was well tolerated in Asian individuals unable to achieve their HbA1c target on basal insulin±oral antidiabetic drugs.