bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
External validation of the PAR-Risk Score to assess potentially avoidable hospital readmission risk in internal medicine patients
Authors: Higi Lukas , Lisibach Angela , Beeler Patrick E. , Lutters Monika , Blanc Anne-Laure , Burden Andrea M. , Stämpfli Dominik 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundReadmission prediction models have been developed and validated for targeted in-hospital preventive interventions. We aimed to externally validate the Potentially Avoidable Readmission-Risk Score (PAR-Risk Score), a 12-items prediction model for internal medicine patients with a convenient scoring system, for our local patient cohort.MethodsA cohort study using electronic health record data from the internal medicine ward of a Swiss tertiary teaching hospital was conducted. The individual PAR-Risk Score values were calculated for each patient. Univariable logistic regression was used to predict potentially avoidable readmissions (PARs), as identified by the SQLape algorithm. For additional analyses, patients were stratified intolow,medium, andhighrisk according to tertiles based on the PAR-Risk Score. Statistical associations between predictor variables and PAR as outcome were assessed using both univariable and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsThe final dataset consisted of 5,985 patients. Of these, 340 patients (5.7%) experienced a PAR. The overall PAR-Risk Score showed rather poor discriminatory power (C statistic 0.605, 95%-CI 0.575–0.635). When using stratified groups (low,medium,high), patients in thehigh-risk group were at statistically significant higher odds (OR 2.63, 95%-CI 1.33–5.18) of being readmitted within 30 days compared tolowrisk patients. Multivariable logistic regression identified previous admission within six months, anaemia, heart failure, and opioids to be significantly associated with PAR in this patient cohort.ConclusionThis external validation showed a limited overall performance of the PAR-Risk Score, although higher scores were associated with an increased risk for PAR and patients in thehigh-risk group were at significantly higher odds of being readmitted within 30 days. This study highlights the importance of externally validating prediction models.
Demonstrating the processes and outcomes of a rural Community Mental Health Rehabilitation Service: A realist evaluation
Authors: Leet A. , Dennis S. , Muller J. , Walsh S. , Bowen-Salter H. , Kernot J. 
Published: November 2021

Background
As part of significant mental health reform, the Community Mental Health Rehabilitation Service (CMHRS) was implemented in rural South Australia. The CMHRS is a 10-bed mental health residential program offering rehabilitative mental health support to rural residents.

Aim
To analyse the CMHRS service delivery model and its impact on recovery outcomes for consumers.

Methods
A mixed method, realist evaluation approach was utilised. A purposive sample of CMHRS staff (n = 6) and consumers (n = 8) were recruited. Consumer recovery was measured using the RAS-DS (on admission and discharge). Participants’ perspectives of the service were gained via one staff focus group (n = 6) and individual semi-structured interviews (consumers n = 6; staff n = 2). Pre-post RAS-DS scores were analysed using paired t-tests/Wilcoxon paired-signed rank test, with qualitative data analysed thematically.

Results
Significant positive increases in RAS-DS total scores were observed at discharge, supported by the qualitative themes of (re)building relationships and social connections and recovering health and wellbeing. Contextual factors (e.g. staffing) and program mechanisms (e.g. scheduling) impacting on service implementation were identified.

Conclusion
Maintaining a rehabilitation recovery-focused approach, balanced with an appropriately trained multi-disciplinary team, are vital for maximising positive consumer outcomes.

Significance
This realist evaluation identifies critical factors impacting rural mental health rehabilitation service delivery.
Three Water Restriction Schedules Used in Rodent Behavioral Tasks Transiently Impair Growth and Differentially Evoke a Stress Hormone Response without Causing Dehydration
Authors: Vasilev Dmitrii , Havel Daniel , Liebscher Simone , Slesiona-Kuenzel Silvia , Logothetis Nikos K. , Schenke-Layland Katja , Totah Nelson K. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWater restriction is commonly used to motivate rodents to perform behavioral tasks; however, its effects on hydration and stress hormone levels are unknown. Here, we report daily body weight and bi-weekly packed red blood cell volume and corticosterone (CORT) in adult male rats across 80 days for three commonly used water restriction schedules. We also assessed renal adaptation to water restriction using postmortem histologic evaluation of renal medulla. A control group receivedad libitumwater. After one week of water restriction, rats on all restriction schedules resumed similar levels of growth relative to the control group. Normal hydration was observed, and water restriction did not drive renal adaptation. An intermittent restriction schedule was associated with an increase in CORT relative to the control group. However, intermittent restriction evokes a stress response which could affect behavioral and neurobiological results. Our results also suggest that stable motivation in behavioral tasks may only be achieved after one week of restriction.
Formulation of Plant Nutrient with Synbiotic Enhancement
Authors: Ananthan S. P. V , Ahmad N. , Noor S. H. , Munaim M. S. A. , Alias S. , Hamid H. , Mohammed M. , Romli A. 
Published: November 2021

Oleochemical wastewater discharge from the industry into water sources is one of the main causes of water pollution. A proper treatment is required before the effluent is discharged to the environment. Since the oleochemical wastewater contains nutrients and probiotics that are good for plants, it could be used as a nutrient provider for the plants instead. Therefore, the formulation of synbiotic plant nutrients from this effluent is an effective way of using the oleochemical effluent. This study aimed to formulate the plant nutrients by using industrial wastewater, which contains the synbiotic enhancement and validating the significance of the formulated plant nutrients into three types of plants; Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra), Solanum Melongena (Brinjal), and Capsicum annuum (Chilli peppers). Synbiotic is a combination of both prebiotics and probiotics that benefit the host by stimulating the growth of a limited number of health-promoting bacteria. To formulate the plant nutrient, the wastewater was filtered using a cotton cloth before the pre-biotics solution was added. Sample A (filtered wastewater was mixed with Sample B (prebiotics solution) by different percentages, namely F1 (100%:0%), F2 (75%:25%), F3 (50%:50%), F3 (25%:75%), 0%:100% (Sample A to Sample B respectively) and lastly, 50%:50% (Sample C (unfiltered wastewater) to Sample B respectively). The height of the plant and the number of leaves are measured weekly for four months. From the data, it can be seen that F3 gave significant results for the okra plant, in which it gains the highest height of plant compared to the other two plants. On the other hand, F6 give the best results for both the brinjal and the chilli plant where their leaves grow the highest from the second until the fourth month of plant growth. Hence, this research gives an added value to the wastewater, whereas the wastewater is used as the synbiotic plant nutrient enhancer and work best for the plants.
Urinary estrogen metabolites and breast cancer risk in Chinese population
Authors: Li Xiaomin , Fang Ling , Li Hongjiang , Yang Xiaoqin 
Published: November 2021

Background
In China, the association between estrogen metabolism and breast cancer risk and the differences in metabolic pattern between breast cancer patients and controls are poorly understood.

Methods
A total of 84 patients with invasive breast cancer and 47 controls with benign breast diseases were included in this study. Estrogen metabolites from their morning urine were determined by HPLC-MS/MS and evaluated in both groups, and the predictive value of each estrogen metabolite in the malignant group according to their menstrual status was analyzed.

Results
Urinary concentration of estrogen metabolites 2-hydroxyestrone (2-OHE1), 2-hydroxyestradiol (2-OHE2), 4-hydroxyestradiol (4-OHE2), 4-methoxyestrone (4-MeOE1), and 16α-hydroxyestrone were lower in postmenopausal patients with breast cancer, compared with benign controls. In logistic regression model, breast cancer risk increased with the decline in the levels of 4-OHE2 and 4-MeOE1. In premenopausal patients, a difference in the level of 2-OHE2 was observed between both groups, and 2-OHE2 was found to have predictive value for breast cancer. Additionally, urinary 2-OHE2 level in premenopausal hormone receptor positive (HR+) patients was considerably higher compared with hormone receptor negative patients.

Conclusions
We found that lower urinary levels of 4-OHE2 and 4-MeOE1 had predictive value for breast cancer, and higher 2-OHE1 were associated with HR+ breast cancer in premenopausal women.
Modified Migrating Birds Optimization Algorithm: Multi-Depot Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Wasilah Dini Nur 
Published: November 2021

The multi-depot capacitated vehicle routing problem (MDCVRP) is a variation of the vehicle routing problem (VRP) modeled from distribution problems in the industrial world. This problem is a complex optimization problem in the field of operations research in applied mathematics. The MDCVRP is very interesting to discuss and find the best solution method. In this study, the authors apply the modified migrating birds' optimization (MMBO) algorithm, which is a hybrid of the migrating birds' optimization (MMBO) and iterated local search (ILS) algorithms. The purpose of this study is to analyze the results of applying the algorithm in solving MDCVRP. We used 20 MDCVRP data in simulation, grouped into four sizes (25, 50, 75, and 100 points). Based on the results of this research, it is known that the MMBO algorithm can produce the following solutions. First, on the data of 25 points, the experiment reaches the optimal value with small convergent iterations. Second, the best results on the data of 50 points have reached optimal value, but some other results have not been optimal. And, third, for data of 75 and 100 points, there is no optimal solution obtained by the MMBO algorithm. These results conclude that the MMBO algorithm effectively solves the MDCVRP problem with small data, but the bigger data, the more ineffective.Keywords: MDCVRP; VRP; optimization; operation research; applied Mathematics; MMBO. AbstrakMulti-depot capacitated vehicle routing problem (MDCVRP) adalah salah satu variasi dari vehicle routing problem (VRP) yang dimodelkan dari permasalahan distribusi di dunia industri. Permasalahan ini merupakan permasalahan optimasi kompleks dalam bidang riset operasi ilmu matematika terapan. MDCVRP sangat menarik untuk dibahas dan dicari metode penyelesaian terbaik. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menerapkan algoritma modified migrating birds optimization (MMBO) yang merupakan hybrid algoritma migrating birds optimization (MBO) dan iterated local search (ILS). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hasil penerapan algoritma dalam menyelesaikan MDCVRP. Untuk simulasi, penulis menggunakan 20 data MDCVRP yang dikelompokkan menjadi empat ukuran (25, 50, 75, dan 100 titik). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, diketahui bahwa algoritma MMBO mampu menghasilkan solusi sebagai berikut. Pertama, Pada data 25 titik, percobaan mencapai nilai optimal dengan iterasi konvergen yang kecil. Kedua, Hasil terbaik pada data 50 titik telah mencapai nilai optimal namun sebagain hasil lainnya belum optimal. Dan ketiga, untuk data 75 dan 100 titik, tidak terdapat solusi optimal yang dihasilkan algoritma MMBO. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa algoritma MMBO efektif untuk menyelesaikan MDCVRP data kecil, namun semakin besar datanya menjadi kurang efektif.Kata kunci: MDCVRP; VRP; optimasi; riset operasi; matematika terapan; MMBO.
Web Traffic Anomaly Detection using Stacked Long Short-Term Memory
Authors: Rahman Fathu , Sutanto Taufik Edy , Fitriyati Nina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAn example of anomaly detection is detecting behavioral deviations in internet use. This behavior can be seen from web traffic, which is the amount of data sent and received by people who visit websites. In this study, anomaly detection was carried out using stacked Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). First, stacked LSTM is used to create forecasting models using training data. Then the error value generated from the prediction on test data is used to perform anomaly detection. We conduct hyperparameter optimization on sliding window parameter. Sliding window is a sub-sequential data of time-series data used as input in the prediction model. The case study was conducted on the real Yahoo Webscope S5 web traffic dataset, consisting of 67 datasets, each of which has three features, namely timestamp, value, and anomaly label. The result shows that the average sensitivity is 0.834 and the average Area Under ROC Curve (AUC) is 0.931. In addition, for some of the data used, the window size selection can affect the sum of the sensitivity and AUC values. In this study, anomaly detection using stacked LSTM is described in detail and can be used for anomaly detection in other similar problems.Keywords: time-series data; sliding window; web traffic; window size. AbstrakSalah satu contoh deteksi anomali adalah mendeteksi penyimpangan perilaku dalam penggunaan internet. Perilaku ini dapat dilihat dari web traffic, yaitu jumlah data yang dikirim dan diterima oleh orang-orang yang mengunjungi situs web. Pada penelitian ini, deteksi anomali dilakukan menggunakan Long Short-Term Mermory (LSTM) bertumpuk. Pertama, LSTM bertumpuk digunakan untuk membuat model peramalan menggunakan data latih. Kemudian nilai error yang dihasilkan dari prediksi pada data uji digunakan untuk melakukan deteksi anomali. Kami melakukan optimasi hyperparameter pada parameter sliding window. Sliding window adalah data sub-sekuensial dari data runtun waktu yang digunakan sebagai input pada model prediksi. Studi kasus dilakukan pada dataset web traffic Yahoo Webscope S5 yang terdiri dari 67 dataset yang masing-masing memiliki tiga fitur yaitu timestamp, value, dan anomaly label. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata sensitivitas sebesar 0.834 dan rata-rata Area Under ROC Curve (AUC) sebesar 0.931. Selain itu, untuk beberapa data yang digunakan, pemilihan window size dapat mempengaruhi jumlah dari nilai sensitivitas dan AUC. Pada penelitian ini, deteksi anomali menggunakan LSTM bertumpuk dijelaskan secara rinci dan dapat digunakan untuk deteksi anomali pada permasalahan lainnya yang serupa.Kata kunci: data runtun waktu; sliding window; web traffic; window size.
Synergistic antibacterial effects of carvacrol and ε-polylysine
Authors: Gao Lu , Hu Yuan , Sun Mei-ling , Zheng Xiang-feng , Yang Ming , Rao Sheng-qi 
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of the combination of ɛ-polylysine (ɛ-PL) and carvacrol (Car) against foodborne pathogens, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ɛ-PL (Car) against E. coli and S. aureus were 25 μg/mL (320 μg/mL) and 12.5 μg/mL (320 μg/mL), respectively. Checkerboard assays showed that the combination of ɛ-PL and Car exerted synergistic effects against E. coli and S. aureus with fraction inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of 0.375 and 0.5, respectively. It demonstrated that the combination of ɛ-PL and Car significantly inhibited the growth of the two strains compared to single treatment. Furthermore, the mode of action of ɛ-PL (6.25 μg/mL) or Car (80 μg/mL) in inhibiting E. coli and S. aureus was researched by assessing their changes with regard to cellular membrane integrity, membrane permeability, respiratory activity, and membrane structure. A combination of ɛ-PL and Car increased the damage to cell membranes and their permeability and led to the release of 260 nm absorbing materials, decreased respiratory-chain dehydrogenase activity compared with ɛ-PL or Car treatment alone. These results demonstrated that the combination of ɛ-PL and Car could be used as a new promising naturally sourced food preservative.
The expirience of infrared laser application in manage out of chronical endometrits
Authors: Orlova O. O. , Mihnina E. A. , Dobrotvorceva O. A. 
Published: November 2021

The results of treatment of chronic endometritis in 92 women by vaginal and intrauterine infrared laser irradiation were studied. The diagnosis has been verified by endometrial biopsy. If chronic endometritis is associated with adnexitis, the treatment was begun from vaginal laser irradiation. On the next cycle intrauterine laser therapy was performed.
In 40% of the patients pathogenic microflora was revealed, and in these cases the antibacterial therapy have been carried out. All women showed clinical improvement after laser therapy. The control biopsy of endometrium was performed in 23 months after the treatment. In 84,8% women the patterns of inflammation were not revealed. In 8,7% cases have been found residual effects of the inflammation.We suppose the complex vaginal and intrauterine infrared laser therapy combined with antioxydants and gestagenes to be an effective method of treatment of chronic endometritis.
The application of augmentin for prophylaxis of pyo-septical complications after caesarean section
Authors: Novikov B. N. 
Published: November 2021

The frequency of caesarean section in St. Petersburg is 11,3 ~ 13,4 % from the number of parturitions. Antibiotic treatment is the specific method of prophylaxis of pyo-septical complications after operation. The comparison data on prophylactic efficiency of Cefalosporins and Augmentin infused during a surgical treatment and during the first day after a surgical treatment was made.
It is known that intravenous injection of 1,2 grams of Augmentin during and double injection of 0,6 grams at interval of 12 hours after an operation reduces the risk of postoperative complications up to 7 %, reduces the length of staying of the puerperiums in the hospital.
Peripheral nervous system diseases and pregnancy
Authors: Ryzkov V. D. , Skoromec A. A. , Kosheleva N. G. 
Published: November 2021

113 pregnant women with periferal nervous system diseases(PNSD) are examined. 84 of them had radiculoneuropathy: 48 - lumbosacral segment (LSS), 36 - cervicothoracal segment (CTS), 29 had single and multiple neuropathy (SMN).
Almost half cases (49,6%) the symptoms of PNSD first appeared in 2nd trimester. In the 1st trimester it took place in 28,3%, in 3rd - in 22,1%. SMN more frequently appeared in 21-28 weeks of gestation.
The pregnancy was complicated by threatened miscarriage in CTS more frequently in early gestational age, and in LSS - in 2nd trimester. SMN complicated gestosis. The correlation with professional factors is revealed.
Complex tiopathognie treatment was carried out with use of medications, physiotherapeutic procedures, physical exercises and psychotherapy. Complete nervous function restoration was noted in 80,5%, partial - in 17,5% women.
İntihar girişimi nedeniyle acil servise başvuran olguların incelenmesi: bir yıllık retrospektif bir çalışma
Authors: ATA Elvan Emine , BAYRAK Nurten Gülsüm , BAHADIR YILMAZ Emel 
Published: November 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada intihar girişimi nedeniyle acil servise başvuran olguların intihar girişiminden önceki son bir yıldaki özelliklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Retrospektif tipte yapılan çalışma kapsamında bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesi acil servisine 1 Ağustos 2018-1 Ağustos 2019 tarihleri arasında İntihar girişimi ile başvuran 135 hastanın dosyası incelendi. Çalışmanın verileri veri toplama formu aracılığıyla hastane kayıtları üzerinden toplandı.
Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 31,24±11,31 olup, %53,3’ü erkekti. Hastaların %36,3’ü ilkbaharda, %94,8’inin son bir yılda 1-3 kez intihar girişiminde bulunduğu ve %62,3’ünün ilaç içerek kendini öldürmek istediği belirlendi. İntihar girişimi ile başvuran hastaların %34,8’inin son bir yıl içinde en az bir kez psikiyatriste gittiği, %78,5’inin son bir yılda en az bir kez acil servise başvurduğu, %84,4’ünün intihar girişimi öncesi hastaneye başka şikayetler ile başvuruda bulunduğu saptandı. Hastaların %80’ine acil serviste psikiyatri konsültasyonu yapılmadığı belirlendi.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre; hastaların intihar girişimi öncesi çeşitli nedenlerle hastaneye başvurduğu, en çok başvurulan alanın acil servis olduğu ve daha önce intihar girişimi olan hastaların tekrarlı girişimde bulundukları ve hastaların çoğunun psikiyatrik yardım almadığı söylenebilir. Acile intihar girişimi nedeni ile başvuran olguların belirlenip, psikiyatrik bakım almaları konusunda psikiyatri polikliniklerine yönlendirilmeleri ve izlem yapılması önerilmektedir.
Compound heterozygous delta beta thalassemia with IVS 1-5 (G>C) mutation presenting as thalassemia major phenotype
Authors: Goel Neha , Kapoor Kanika , Bajaj Srilatha , Saluja Sumita 
Published: November 2021

Delta beta thalassemia is an unusual variant of thalassemia with elevated level of fetal hemoglobin (HbF). Unlike beta thalassemia, delta beta thalassemia heterozygotes have milder phenotype and homozygotes present as thalassemia intermedia phenotype. We report a 11-month-old male child who presented with severe anemia, and hepatosplenomegaly, thalassemia major phenotype. On evaluation was diagnosed as compound heterozygous for δβ0/β thalassemia with IVS 1-5 (G>C) mutation. This case highlights the importance of genotyping of patients with δβ thalassemia and co-inheritance of δβ thalassemia deletion with point mutation for β-thalassemia results in severe clinical phenotype as thalassemia major.
Histochemical Localization of Bio-macromolecules in Cestode (Raillietina sp.) infected country fowls (Gallus domesticus) in India
Authors: Patra N C , Mandal Arkaprava , Pradhan S , Hansda R N , Mondal Samiran , Mukhopadhayay S K , Dey Chiranjeeb 
Published: November 2021

In Indian GDP, veterinary sector plays a major role in contribution wherein poultry meat plays good protein source. But the health status is less studied in case of country fowl.Indian country fowl are highly infected with producing emaciation, reduced growth rate, highly morbidity with enteritis.After confirmation by gross and microscopy, samples undergone histopathology study using Haematoxylin and Eosin stain (H&E). Thereafter, the samples also processed for detection of carbohydrate by McManus method using PAS stain and mucoprotein was detected using congo red method.Adult possesses carbohydrate, protein and fat. Histologically the mature, immature and gravid segments were differentiated whereas the histochemical techniques qualifies the biomacromolecules. The lipid droplet showed a clear vacuole preferably in and around the periphery portion. The glycogen distributed in an even manner. Subsequently, the protein was deposited mostly at the periphery in the body surfaces as well as in the egg.