bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of in vitro exposure of perfluorooctanoic acid and monocrotophos on astroglia SVG p12 cells
Authors: Osemwegie Odia , Butler Landon , Subbiah Seenivasan , Smith Ernest 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGlia cells provide supportive functions to the central nervous system and can be compromised by environmental contaminants. The primary objective of this study was to characterize the effects of in vitro exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid, a persistent environmental contaminant and/or monocrotophos (MCP), a neurotoxic organophosphate that is rapidly metabolized, to astroglia SVG p12 cells. The endpoints evaluated include cell viability, intracellular glutamate levels as a marker of astrocyte homeostasis function, differential gene expression for selected proteins, which include inflammatory markers (tachykinin), astrocytosis (nestin), S100B, and metabolism enzymes (CYP1A1). The results from cell viability revealed significant differences from the controls at some of the concentrations tested. Also, intracellular glutamate levels were elevated at the 10‐μM concentration for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) as well as the 10‐μM PFOA/5‐μM MCP concentration. Gene expression results at 80‐μM PFOA concentration revealed a significant increase in the expression of S100B, tachykinin and CYP1A1. A combination of 10‐μM PFOA/20‐μM MCP caused a significant decrease in the expression of tachykinin. Gene expression for MCP exposures produced a decrease at the 20‐μM MCP concentration. Immunofluorescence results indicated an increase in nestin protein expression for the 20‐μM concentration of MCP, which contradicted the gene expression at the same concentration tested. The results indicate that toxicity to glia cells can compromise critical glia functions and could be implicated in neurodegenerative diseases.
Exploring the Relationship Between Colorectal Cancer and Allopurinol: A Taiwanese Population‐Based Propensity‐Matched Case‐Control Study
Authors: Hsu Fan‐Gen , Lai Jung‐Nien , Huang Ching‐Ya , Lin Mei‐Chen , Hsieh Yow‐Wen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe role of allopurinol usage in colorectal cancer (CRC) has no definite conclusion. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between allopurinol usage and CRC risk in Taiwan. Using the National Health Insurance Database, we conducted a case‐control study of cases who were ≥20 years old and had newly diagnosed CRC for the period from 2000 to 2013. The controls were matched to cases by age, sex, index year, comorbidities, and socioeconomic status using propensity scores. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were measured by the conditional logistic regression model. We examined 4372 cases and 4372 matched controls. A statistically significant correlation was noted between allopurinol usage and CRC risk (OR, 0.79; 95%CI, 0.69‐0.90). We used the cumulative‐defined daily doses (cDDDs) in a further subgroup analysis, the ORs decreased from tertile 1 (T1; low dose, <12 cDDDs), T2 (medium dose, 12 to 88.5 cDDDs), to T3 (high dose, >88.5 cDDDs). These values were 0.85 (95%CI, 0.69‐1.06), 0.77 (95%CI, 0.62‐0.95), to 0.76 (95%CI, 0.61‐0.94). The results indicated a dose‐response relationship between allopurinol usage and CRC risk (P for trend < .001). We thus inferred that patients with medium and high doses of allopurinol (≥12 cDDDs) had a statistically significantly decreased CRC risk.
Conformational analysis of 2,5‐diaryl‐4‐methyl‐2,4‐dihydro‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐ones: Multinuclear NMR and DFT calculations
Authors: Sánchez‐Andrada Pilar , Marín‐Luna Marta , Alkorta Ibon , Elguero José , Percho Gema , Santa María Dolores , Claramunt Rosa M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractConformational exploration of five 2,5‐diaryl‐4‐methyl‐2,4‐dihydro‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐ones has been carried out based on a combination of their NMR chemical shifts determined in CDCl3 and the scrutiny of their computed relative energies and absolute shieldings calculated at the DFT/GIAO/B3LYP/6–311++G(d,p) level. The very flat potential energy curves corresponding to the three relevant single bond rotations were explored by calculating the energy of the rotational barriers and comparing the experimental chemical shifts with those theoretically calculated in each rotamer by statistical analysis.
Technical Note: Validation of an automatic ACR phantom quality assurance tool for an MR‐guided radiotherapy system
Authors: Gao Yu , Lotey Rajiv , Low Daniel A. , Hu Peng , Yang Yingli 
Published: February 2021

PurposeTo modify and evaluate an automatic American College of Radiology (ACR) phantom analysis toolbox for ACR quality assurance (QA) on a low‐field MR‐guided radiotherapy system (ViewRay).MethodsAn open‐source toolbox was modified for ACR QA of a 0.35T MRI system (ViewRay MRIdian). A total of 17 ACR datasets were evaluated, including 10 datasets acquired from different systems across the world, and seven datasets acquired at our center between 2014 and 2020. All required ACR tests, geometric accuracy (GA), high‐contrast spatial resolution (HCSR), slice thickness accuracy (ST), slice position accuracy (SP), percent integral uniformity (PIU), percentage signal ghosting (PSG), and low‐contrast object detectability (LCOD), were assessed manually and using the toolbox automatically. Measurements between manual and automatic analysis were compared. Precision, recall, and accuracy were calculated, where the manual results were used as the ground truth.ResultsThe software took less than 2 min to complete all seven tests, which usually requires 40 min or more if analyzed manually. Overall, the automatic measurement was consistent with the manual result. The absolute differences between the two measurements were 0.72 ± 0.66 (mm), 0.01 ± 0.03, 0.50 ± 0.60 (mm), 0.39 ± 0.41 (mm), 1.01 ± 1.00 (%), 0.0016 ± 0.0019, and 2.79 ± 2.29 for the seven tests. The precision of the automatic toolbox was 100% for all tests, indicating that a test would 100% pass a manual analysis if it had passed the automatic analysis. Recall and accuracy were ≥ 96% for GA, HCSR, SP, PIU, PSG, and LCOD tests, and 91% for the ST test.ConclusionAn automatic ACR QA tool was adopted and evaluated for the low‐field MR‐guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) system. Overall, the toolbox provided comparable results as manual analysis, and reduced the processing time from over 40 min to <2 min. This toolbox holds the potential to be widely adopted either as a second check tool or partially replace human measurement for MRgRT programs using the same system.
T2 mapping of the median nerve in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome and healthy volunteers
Authors: Maeda Atsushi , Suzuki Taku , Hayakawa Katsuhiko , Funahashi Takuya , Kuroiwa Takashi , Fujita Nobuyuki 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionWe investigated the changes in MRI T2 mapping values in subjects with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) compared to healthy controls.MethodsWe enrolled 71 patients with CTS and 26 healthy controls. Median nerve T2 values were measured at the distal carpal tunnel, hamate bone, proximal carpal tunnel, and forearm levels. These were compared between patients and controls and correlated with median nerve cross‐sectional area (CSA) and nerve conduction measurements.ResultsThe mean T2 values at the proximal carpal tunnel levels were higher in the CTS group (56.7 ms) than in the control group (51.2 ms, P = .02) and also were higher than at the distal carpal tunnel (51.0 ms, P < .001) and forearm levels (47.6 ms, P < .001). T2 values were not significantly associated with CSA or nerve conduction measurements.DiscussionT2 mapping of the carpal tunnel provides qualitative information on median nerve pathology but does not reflect CTS severity.
Explaining Channel Catfish Population Characteristics in Ohio Reservoirs
Authors: Tyszko Stephen M. , Pritt Jeremy J. , Conroy Joseph D. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
North American fisheries management agencies commit considerable resources to managing reservoir fisheries for Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus, which often includes stocking. However, Channel Catfish population characteristics often vary greatly among reservoirs, resulting in variable and unpredictable fishery quality. We sampled Channel Catfish populations in 44 Ohio reservoirs with tandem, baited hoop nets to understand relationships among population characteristics (density, as CPUE from hoop nets; growth, as mean length at age 7; mortality, as total annual mortality from catch-curve analysis; and size structure, as proportional size distribution), stocking, and the relationships between these characteristics and reservoir size (as surface area), predator density (as Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides electrofishing CPUE), and productivity (as chlorophyll-a concentration). We used multiple linear regression and an information theoretic approach to select the most parsimonious models for explaining observed variation in Channel Catfish density, growth, mortality, and size structure. We found that population density varied greatly among our study reservoirs, and none of our models sufficiently explained variation in density. Reservoir size and the interaction between reservoir size and population density explained the most variation in Channel Catfish growth, but productivity was also important. Small reservoirs (≤101 ha) had low to moderate densities and growth was uniformly slow; however, in larger reservoirs, lower densities resulted in faster growth. Growth increased as productivity increased. Total annual mortality was uniformly low (&lt;0.26) but increased with density. Faster growth led to populations with larger size structures. These outcomes show that the largest Ohio reservoirs (≥406 ha) are the most suitable for supporting populations with fast growth and large size structures. Dense populations (CPUE &gt; 50 Channel Catfish/net set) resulted in slower growth, greater mortality, and poor size structure. Future research to understand natural recruitment in reservoir Channel Catfish populations could be important for explaining variation in density.
Historical Data Provide Important Context for Understanding Declines in Cutthroat Trout
Authors: Nordberg Brittany J. , Mandeville Elizabeth G. , Walters Annika W. , Burckhardt Jason C. , Wagner Catherine E. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We used historical stocking and population survey records of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri and other salmonids in the North Fork Shoshone River drainage, Wyoming to summarize fish stocking history and population trends. Based on 98 years of historical records, we found that despite extensive stocking of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout and minimal stocking of nonnative salmonids after about 1950, populations of wild Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout declined relative to those of nonnative salmonid species. The timing of increases in nonnative salmonids (1970s) did not coincide with their period of most intensive stocking (1935–1950). It is plausible that Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout populations persisted because of high levels of supplemental stocking from 1935 to 1965 and declined with reduced stocking efforts in the 1970s, thereby allowing the increase of introduced nonnative salmonids. The establishment of nonnative salmonids likely further reduced stocking success of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout due to competition and hybridization. This study demonstrates that an understanding of long-term stocking records and population survey data can be useful for developing and implementing successful management frameworks for the conservation of imperiled fish populations across the United States.
Validation of an International Classification of Disease, 10th revision coding adaptation for the Charlson Comorbidity Index in United States healthcare claims data
Authors: Beyrer Julie , Manjelievskaia Janna , Bonafede Machaon , Lenhart Gregory , Nolot Sandra , Haldane Diane , Johnston Joseph 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPurposeAn International Classification of Disease (ICD‐10) Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) adaptation had not been previously developed and validated for United States (US) healthcare claims data. Many researchers use the Canadian adaption by Quan et al (2005), not validated in US data. We sought to evaluate the predictive validity of a US ICD‐10 CCI adaptation in US claims and compare it with the Canadian standard.MethodsDiverse patient cohorts (rheumatoid arthritis, hip/knee replacement, lumbar spine surgery, acute myocardial infarction [AMI], stroke, pneumonia) in the IBM® MarketScan® Research Databases were linked with the IBM MarketScan Mortality file. Predictive performance was measured using c‐statistics for binary outcomes (1‐year and postoperative mortality, in‐hospital complications) and root mean square prediction error (RMSE) for continuous outcomes (1‐year all‐cause medical costs, index hospitalization costs, length of stay [LOS]), after adjusting for age and sex. C‐statistics were compared by the method of DeLong and colleagues (1988); RMSEs, by resampling.ResultsC‐statistics were generally high (≥ ~ 0.8) for mortality but lower for in‐hospital complications (~0.6–0.7). RMSEs for costs and hospitalization LOS were relatively large and comparable to standard deviations. Results were similar overall between the US and Canadian adaptations, with relative differences typically <1%.ConclusionsThis US‐based coding adaptation and a previously published Canadian adaptation resulted in similar predictive ability for all outcomes evaluated but may have different construct validity (not evaluated in our study). We recommend using adaptations specific to the country of data origin based on good research practice.
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Composite Solid Propellant by Genetic Engineering of Materials: Part B: Modeling of Minimum Representative Unit for Multi‐Modal Particle Packing Structure Based on Formulation of Composite Solid Propellant
Authors: Dong Ge , Zhang Wei , Zhou Xing , Bao Tong , Deng Lei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTo show the actual particle packing structure of AP/Al/HTPB propellant with multi‐modal fillers, a minimum representative unit of particle packing structure is established. In the minimum representative unit, the particle size of fillers in each mode is identical to the value in the propellant formulation. Meanwhile, on the basis of the amount series of fillers in the per unit propellant, the amount of fillers in each mode is respectively divided by that of the fewest filler, thus the amount series of fillers in the minimum representative unit is obtained. Further, with the condition that the average density of the unit is the same as that of the propellant, the side length of the minimum representative unit could be uniquely determined. In order to generate the particle packing structure with particles evenly distributed in the unit, a two‐step algorithm is put forward. In the first step, the genetic algorithm is adopted to search for an evenly and non‐overlapping distribution for the few and coarser particles. In the second step, the residual finer particles are randomly placed in the voids among the coarser particles by a modified L−S algorithm. Results showed that the particles are distributed more evenly in the packs generated by the two‐step algorithm than in packs generated by the classic L−S algorithm.
Structural Energetic Properties of Al/PVDF Composite Materials Prepared Using Fused Filament Fabrication
Authors: Fleck Trevor J. , Manship Timothy D. , Son Steven F. , Rhoads Jeffrey F. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe constituents of an aluminum/polyvinylidene fluoride multifunctional energetic structural material (MESM) were varied in order to determine the effect of solids loading and particle size on the structural energetic properties of the material. More specifically, seven different material formulations were paired with additive manufacturing to quantify key performance metrics relevant to the MESM use case. Determined via the quasi‐static tensile testing of 3D printed dogbone samples, both the modulus of elasticity and the ultimate strength was found to be heavily dependent on the solids loading; respectively increasing from 71 MPa to 208 MPa and decreasing from 34.5 MPa to 21.6 MPa, when transitioning from a 10 % Al loading to a 50 % Al loading. To characterize the combustion properties, a thermochemical code was used to predict the heat of combustion and the adiabatic flame temperature for the formulations considered, showing a maximum predicted temperature near 20 % Al. Also, burning rate measurements were conducted on the 3D printed formulations in order to quantify their combustion performance. When burning in air, a maximum burning rate was found to occur at the slightly fuel‐rich condition of 30 % Al. Upon completion of the characterization, the trade‐off between mechanical performance and combustion performance was visualized by plotting critical MESM design parameters against one another.
Influence of Strain Rate on Mechanical Properties of HTPE/PCL Propellant Applying to Wide Temperature Range
Authors: Yuan Shen , Zhang Bowen , Wen Xiaomu , Chen Keke , Jiang Shengkun , Luo Yunjun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe mechanical properties of hydroxyl‐terminated polyether/poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (HTPE/PCL) propellant applying to the wide temperature range of −50 °C to 70 °C were investigated by uniaxial tensile test with different strain rates varying from 0.5 min−1to 10 min−1. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the fractured surface of HTPE/PCL propellant, and the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was employed to analyze its strain induced crystallization at low temperature. It reveals that the temperature and strain rate have great influence on the mechanical properties of HTPE/PCL propellant. As the temperature increasing or the strain rate decreasing, the maximum tensile strength gradually reduces, but the elongation at break increases first and then decreases. The fracture of HTPE/PCL propellant changes from the part dewetting and brittle fracture at low temperature to the fracture caused by dewetting at high temperature. The master curves for mechanical properties of HTPE/PCL propellant at the wide temperature of −50 °C to 70 °C with the strain rate of 0.5 min−1to 10 min−1were obtained, the prediction of maximum tensile strength and elastic modulus can be achieved.
DeepCys: Structure‐based multiple cysteine function prediction method trained on deep neural network: Case study on domains of unknown functions belonging to COX2 domains
Authors: Nallapareddy Vamsi , Bogam Shubham , Devarakonda Himaja , Paliwal Shubham , Bandyopadhyay Debashree 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCysteine (Cys) is the most reactive amino acid participating in a wide range of biological functions. In‐silico predictions complement the experiments to meet the need of functional characterization. Multiple Cys function prediction algorithm is scarce, in contrast to specific function prediction algorithms. Here we present a deep neural network‐based multiple Cys function prediction, available on web‐server (DeepCys) (https://deepcys.herokuapp.com/). DeepCys model was trained and tested on two independent datasets curated from protein crystal structures. This prediction method requires three inputs, namely, PDB identifier (ID), chain ID and residue ID for a given Cys and outputs the probabilities of four cysteine functions, namely, disulphide, metal‐binding, thioether and sulphenylation and predicts the most probable Cys function. The algorithm exploits the local and global protein properties, like, sequence and secondary structure motifs, buried fractions, microenvironments and protein/enzyme class. DeepCys outperformed most of the multiple and specific Cys function algorithms. This method can predict maximum number of cysteine functions. Moreover, for the first time, explicitly predicts thioether function. This tool was used to elucidate the cysteine functions on domains of unknown functions belonging to cytochrome C oxidase subunit‐II like transmembrane domains. Apart from the web‐server, a standalone program is also available on GitHub (https://github.com/vam-sin/deepcys).
A novel robust event‐triggered fault tolerant automatic steering control approach of autonomous land vehicles under in‐vehicle network delay
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Bangji , Zhang Nong , Wang Chenyang , Chen Yuanchang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel robust event‐triggered fault tolerant automatic steering control strategy for autonomous land vehicles to achieve path tracking and vehicle lateral motion control under in‐vehicle network delay. From the practical point of view, the parameter uncertainties, time delay, and actuator fault are simultaneously introduced to make the designed controller robust to more extensive and challenging driving conditions. A novel polytope reduction and norm‐bounded uncertainty reduction method is used to effectively handle the time‐varying velocity and tire cornering stiffness uncertainties. Then, the uncertain vehicle model can be reconstructed as an uncertain network control system model with time delay and actuator fault. Due to the inevitable time delay and actuator fault, a new cubic absolute‐value Lyapunov function is developed to guarantee the asymptotical stability of the closed control system with the H∞ performance, and the modified project‐based adaptive law is applied to strengthen the fault tolerant ability. Furthermore, a progressive event‐triggered mechanism is proposed for the collaborative design of robust fault tolerant automatic steering controller, which can signally improve the communication resource utilization of the limited bandwidth in‐vehicle network. Finally, the performance comparisons of different controllers are presented. These results prove that the proposed controller can simultaneously guarantee the path tacking performance and lateral dynamics stability, and save the communication resource of the in‐vehicle network.
Use cases and testbed solutions for 5G cellular backhauling via satellite
Authors: Politis Christos , Liolis Konstantinos , Grønsund Pål , Heck Stefan 
Published: February 2021

SummaryThis paper describes the use cases and testbed solutions for 5G cellular backhauling via satellite developed within the H2020 5G‐Public Private Partnership (PPP) Phase III project “5G‐VINNI” (5G Verticals Innovation Infrastructure). It presents the end‐to‐end design of the 5G‐VINNI Norway and Luxembourg Facility Sites and aims to showcase the satellite integration into 5G with focus on satellite backhauling solutions. It elaborates on the satellite transport network between the 5G Radio Access Network (RAN) and the 5G Core Network (5GC), where design aspects on the satellite network integration into the standard 3GPP 5GC architecture are detailed. It also addresses the split of the 5GC between the Central Node and the Edge Node, where the Edge Node can be fixed and nomadic. The paper describes also the Management and Orchestration (MANO) and Network Functions Virtualisation Infrastructure (NFVI) features of the 5G‐VINNI Norway and Luxembourg Facility Sites.