bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multifunctionality of prostatic acid phosphatase in prostate cancer pathogenesis
Authors: Alpert Evgenia , Akhavan Armin , Gruzman Arie , Hansen William J. , Lehrer-Graiwer Joshua , Hall Steven C. , Johansen Eric , McAllister Sean , Gulati Mittul , Lin Ming-Fong , Lingappa Vishwanath R. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The role of human prostatic acid phosphatase (PAcP, P15309|PPAP_HUMAN) in prostate cancer was investigated using a new proteomics tool termed signal sequence swapping (replacement of domains from the native cleaved amino terminal signal sequence of secretory/membrane proteins with corresponding regions of functionally distinct signal sequence subtypes). This manipulation preferentially redirects proteins to different pathways of biogenesis at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), magnifying normally difficult to detect subsets of the protein of interest. For PAcP, this technique reveals three forms identical in amino acid sequence but profoundly different in physiological functions, subcellular location, and biochemical properties. These three forms of PAcP can also occur with the wildtype PAcP signal sequence. Clinical specimens from patients with prostate cancer demonstrate that one form, termed PLPAcP, correlates with early prostate cancer. These findings confirm the analytical power of this method, implicate PLPAcP in prostate cancer pathogenesis, and suggest novel anticancer therapeutic strategies.
Xbp1s-Ddit3 promotes MCT-induced pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Jiang Hongxia , Ding Dandan , He Yuanzhou , Li Xiaochen , Xu Yongjian , Liu Xiansheng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life-threatening disease characterized by vascular remodeling. Exploring new therapy target is urgent. The purpose of the present study is to investigate whether and how spliced x-box binding protein 1 (xbp1s), a key component of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), contributes to the pathogenesis of PH. Forty male SD rats were randomly assigned to four groups: Control, Monocrotaline (MCT), MCT+AAV-CTL (control), and MCT+AAV-xbp1s. The xbp1s protein levels were found to be elevated in lung tissues of the MCT group. Intratracheal injection of adeno-associated virus serotype 1 carrying xbp1s shRNA (AAV-xbp1s) to knock down the expression of xbp1s effectively ameliorated the MCT-induced elevation of right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), total pulmonary resistance (TPR), right ventricular hypertrophy and medial wall thickness of muscularized distal pulmonary arterioles. The abnormally increased positive staining rates of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki67 and decreased positive staining rates of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) in pulmonary arterioles were also reversed in the MCT+AAV-xbp1s group. For mechanistic exploration, bioinformatics prediction of the protein network was performed on the STRING database, and further verification was performed by qRT-PCR, Western blots and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 (Ddit3) was identified as a downstream protein that interacted with xbp1s. Overexpression of Ddit3 restored the decreased proliferation, migration and cell viability caused by silencing of xbp1s. The protein level of Ddit3 was also highly consistent with xbp1s in the animal model. Taken together, our study demonstrated that xbp1s-Ddit3 may be a potential target to interfere with vascular remodeling in PH.
The outermost stellar halo of NGC 5128 (Centaurus A): Radial structure
Authors: Rejkuba M. , Harris W. E. , Greggio L. , Crnojević D. , Harris G. L. H. 
Published: October 2021

Context.The extended stellar halos of galaxies contain important clues for investigating their assembly history and evolution.Aims.We investigate the resolved stellar content and the extended halo of NGC 5128 as a function of galactocentric distance, and trace the halo outward to its currently detectable limits.Methods.We usedHubbleSpace Telescope images obtained with the WFPC2, ACS, and WFC3 cameras equipped withF606WandF814Wfilters to resolve individual red giant branch (RGB) stars in 28 independent pointings across the halo of NGC 5128. The stellar halo analysis for 14 of these pointings is presented here for the first time. Star counts from deepVIcolor-magnitude diagrams reaching at least 1.5 mag below the tip of the RGB are used to derive the surface density distribution of the halo. The contamination by Milky Way stars is assessed with a new control field, with models, and by combining optical and near-IR photometry.Results.We present a new calibration of the WFC3F606W + F814Wphotometry to the ground-basedVIphotometric system. The photometry shows that the stellar halo of NGC 5128 is dominated by old RGB stars that are present in all fields. TheV-band surface brightness of fields changes from 23 to 32 mag arcsec−2between the innermost field only 8.3 kpc from the galaxy center to our outermost halo fields, which are located 140 kpc away from the center along the major axis and 92 kpc along the minor axis. Within the inner ∼30 kpc, we also find evidence for a 2 − 3 Gyr old population traced by asymptotic giant branch stars that are brighter than the tip of the RGB. This population contributes only up to 10% in total stellar mass if it is 2 Gyr old, but a larger fraction of 30 − 40% is required if its age is 3 Gyr. The stellar surface density profile is well fit by a classicr1/4curve or a simple power-law form ∼r−3.1over the full radial range, with no obvious break in the slope, but with large field-to-field scatter. The ellipticity measured from integrated-light photometry in the inner parts,e = (b/a) = 0.77, flattens toe = 0.54 ± 0.02 beyond 30 kpc. Considering the flattening of the outer halo, the projection of the elliptical isophote on the semimajor axis for our most distant field reaches nearly 30 effective radii.
Methodology and Simulation of Electrical Grid Peak Shaving Strategy based on Photovoltaic and Storage Optimization: an Italian Residential Sector Case Study
Authors: Cimaglia Jacopo , Romano Sabrina , Mancini Francesco 
Published: October 2021

The European Union has set some ambitious targets to reach the goal of net-zero greenhouse gasses by 2050. The outlined scenarios provide the use of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) on a large-scale, but to do so, different kinds of actions must be taken, because the ample amount of non-programmable electricity sources may cause grid management problems and a mismatch in the energy supply and demand. The vast increase of the Italian power demand, which typically occurs in the evening, necessarily requires a rapid increase in thermoelectric power generation. A possible solution to avoid this phenomenon is the optimization of photovoltaic production and storage and, simultaneously, the minimization of the Life-Cycle impact of these systems on the environment.
This work aims to identify a methodology that supports the analysis and design of a production, self-consumption and storage system, which services a residential user aggregate, in order to reach an electric power demand optimization. In particular, the target is to obtain a Peak Shaving of the electrical demand power curve, by setting a limit on the maximum absorption of power from the grid, and supplying the rest of the user’s power needs through an electrical energy storage system, charged from the photovoltaic plant during the daily overproduction time.
To do so, 14 dwelling power consumptions have been aggregated and analysed, starting from a data monitoring that occurred in January and June of 2019. The energy consumptions considered, are in line with the Italian average ones.
The Peak Shaving strategy effectiveness has been evaluated by using a percentage parameter, that represents the number of power absorption peaks from the grid, avoided thanks to the storage system. In this study, some optimal system plant settings, in terms of maximum power absorption from the grid, photovoltaic nominal peak power and electrical storage capacity, are investigated to reach the set goals, and some solutions are presented, in light of the needs of the public grid where the system operates.
Exploitation assessment of geothermal energy from African Great Rift Valley
Authors: Bonechi N. , Fiaschi D. , Manfrida G. , Talluri L. , Zuffi C. 
Published: October 2021

Countries that are in the Great Rift Valley have one of the lowest average annual electricity consumption per capita in Africa with a value of 164 kWh per inhabitant. Furthermore, the electrification rate is 34% that is more than fifty percentage points below the world average, which is around 86%.
One possible solution to improve the electrification rate is to properly exploit the energy resources present in the territory. One of the most significant energy sources of this region is certainly geothermal energy which has a potential of about 15 GWe, mostly concentrated in Ethiopia. Furthermore, it is possible to find the resource in a wide temperature range, not only to produce electricity, which, nonetheless, has a very limited exploitation rate, as only 900 MWe are installed between Kenya and Ethiopia, but also for direct use.
In this study, two geothermal power plants for two different geothermal sites, Corbetti and Arus-Bogoria, respectively in Ethiopia and Kenya, have been hypothesized after analyzing the resource potential. For the first, which has been estimated to be of high enthalpy (~300°C), a flash plant configuration was assumed, and the estimated energy production potential was found to be around 50-100 MWe. While for the second, at medium enthalpy (T<200°C), the use of a binary cycle plant was assumed with an obtained production of about 20 MW of electricity. Finally, the possibility of geothermal water exploitation for greenhouse heating, drying of agricultural products, civil sanitary uses, recreational uses (spa), or for industrial purposes has been assessed.
Design, optimization, and testing of a high-speed centrifugal pump for motorsport application
Authors: Mariani Luigi , Di Giovine Giammarco , Di Battista Davide , Cipollone Roberto 
Published: October 2021

Centrifugal pumps are designed to have their BEP (Best Efficiency Point) for a given flow rate, hydraulic head, and speed. In the design phase, those parameters are combined into a dimensionless specific speed used to define geometry of the pump.
In this paper, a downsized centrifugal pump has been designed to have high efficiency at very high speeds (10000 – 15000 RPM), as requested by the cooling circuit of an engine for motorsport and racing applications. The pump design point was 13 L/min and 3.0 bar at 12000 RPM, while the impeller external diameter is 34 mm.
A mathematical model has been realized to optimize the pump in the early design phase through an iterative process, based on a 0D procedure which generates the optimal geometry of both impeller and volute. Hence, the model estimates main losses and, thus, hydraulic, volumetric, and organic efficiency. Once the geometry is generated, the performance of the pump has been verified on the design working point through a detailed CFD analysis. Physical phenomena that occur when the pump is running have been simulated, to represent as closely as possible vein fluid detachments, cavitation, and backflow at clearances between impeller and pump casing.
At last, a prototype of the pump has been built and experimentally characterized in a dynamic test bench able to reproduce the characteristic curves (hydraulic head and efficiency) at very high revolution speeds as well as the performances in real time-varying operational conditions.
Formation, lithium storage properties, and mechanism of nanoporous germanium fabricated by dealloying
Authors: Wang Shengzhen , Ma Wensheng , Yang Wanfeng , Bai Qingguo , Gao Hui , Peng Zhangquan , Zhang Zhonghua 
Published: October 2021

Germanium (Ge) has become a promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high theoretical capacity and decent electron/ion conductivity, but it exhibits inferior lifespan caused by dramatic volume variations during the (de)lithiation process. Herein, hierarchically, nanoporous Ge (np-Ge) was fabricated by the combination of selective phase corrosion with chemical dealloying. As an anode for LIBs, the np-Ge electrode exhibits marvelous cycling stability with capacity retentions of 1060.0 mA h g−1 at 0.2 A g−1 and 767.1 mA h g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 100 cycles. Moreover, the electrode shows excellent rate capability with a capacity retention of 844.2 mA h g−1 at 5 A g−1. Noticeably, the (de)lithiation mechanisms of np-Ge and porous Si–Ge (p-Si6Ge4) were unveiled by operando X-ray diffraction.
Melatonin treatment during late gestation of undernourished ewes: lamb body temperature and mother–young behaviours after birth
Authors: Freitas-de-Melo A. , Sales F. , Ungerfeld R. , Parraguez V. H. 
Published: October 2021

Context In extensive grazing sheep systems, pregnant ewes undergo periods of undernutrition because gestation coincides with winter when natural pasture is of lowest quantity and poorest quality. The lamb’s weight and thermoregulatory capacity, and the ewe–lamb bond at birth, may be compromised. Maternal melatonin treatment during gestation may reverse these effects. Aim The aim was to determine the effects of melatonin treatment of single-lambing, undernourished ewes during the last third of gestation on lamb birthweights and body temperatures, and on ewe–lamb interactive behaviour after birth. Methods At Day 100 of gestation, 39 single-bearing ewes received a subcutaneous melatonin implant, and 54 ewes served as controls with no implant. Throughout gestation, the ewes remained under extensive conditions grazing on natural pasture. Measurements were made of lamb birthweight, body temperatures (surface temperature by infrared thermography and rectal temperature), and ewe–lamb behaviours during a handling test at 6–17 h after lambing. Key results There was no effect of melatonin treatment on lamb birthweight or rectal temperature, or on ewe–lamb interaction behaviours. Hip minimum surface temperature was greater in lambs from melatonin-treated ewes than lambs from control ewes (21.2°C ± 0.9°C vs 18.8°C ± 0.8°C; P = 0.05), and there was a similar trend for hip mean surface temperature (24.6°C ± 0.9°C vs 22.3°C ± 0.7°C; P = 0.06). Rump surface temperatures were greater in male than female lambs: maximum (27.9°C ± 1.2°C vs 22.9°C ± 1.2°C; P = 0.01), minimum (22.2°C ± 1.5°C vs 16.7°C ± 1.5°C; P = 0.02) and mean (25.4°C ± 1.3°C vs 20.5°C ± 1.3°C; P = 0.02). Conclusion Melatonin treatment during the last third of ewe pregnancy slightly enhanced the surface temperature of lambs at birth but did not influence ewe–lamb interaction behaviour after birth (i.e. after establishment of the ewe–lamb bond). Implications Further study in more depth is warranted into the possible effects of maternal supplementation with commercial melatonin implants on lamb development, thermoregulatory capacity, behaviour and survival rates in extensive grazing systems, including the effect on ewe–lamb behaviours immediately after birth for both singletons and twins.
Effects of different concentrations of eugenol in maturation medium on bovine oocytes, oxidative status and preimplantation embryos
Authors: de Oliveira Lhara Ricarliany Medeiros , Aquino Leonardo Vitorino Costa de , Santos Maria Valéria de Oliveira , Freitas Vicente José de Figueirêdo , Bertini Luciana Medeiros , Pereira Alexsandra Fernandes 
Published: October 2021

Context Eugenol is a bioactive compound with defined attributes, including a role in reducing oxidative stress. Therefore, it is an interesting candidate for in vitro embryo production that has an environment that favours the formation of reactive oxygen species. Aim The objective of the study was to evaluate different concentrations of eugenol in bovine oocytes during in vitro maturation to observe the oxidative status and embryonic development. Methods Oocytes were allocated into five groups: control (without antioxidant), 100 μM cysteamine, 83 μM eugenol (E83), 100 μM eugenol and 120 μM eugenol. Three experiments were performed with 23 replicates. Oocytes were evaluated for metaphase II, first polar body, cytoplasmic maturation, cumulus cell expansion and viability. Oxidative status was measured by mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species and glutathione. Oocytes were artificially activated and cultured in vitro. Key results The presence of eugenol at 83 μM improved the metaphase II rate compared with all treatments (P < 0.05). E83 and 100 μM cysteamine improved first polar body extrusion, cumulus cell expansion, viability and mitochondrial aggregation rates (P < 0.05). All antioxidant treatments resulted in increased cytoplasmic maturation and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (P < 0.05). Reactive oxygen species levels decreased, and glutathione levels increased with E83 and 100 μM cysteamine treatments (P < 0.05). Finally, the E83 group increased the cleavage rates, embryo development, number of expanded blastocysts and number of blastomeres (P < 0.05). Conclusions A low concentration of eugenol (83 μM) is sufficient to generate a significant effect, attenuating the oxidative status and optimising i n vitro maturation and embryo development. Implications This study provides information of a new natural antioxidant with defined concentration, 83 μM eugenol, representing a lower cost alternative capable of improving the efficiency of in vitro embryo production in cattle.
Dynactin 1 negatively regulates HIV-1 infection by sequestering the host cofactor CLIP170
Authors: Shanmugapriya Shanmugapriya , Santos da Silva Eveline , Campbell Jackson A. , Boisjoli Marie-Philipe , Naghavi Mojgan H. 
Published: October 2021

Significance
While HIV type 1 (HIV-1) is known to exploit host microtubules and motors to reach the nucleus and establish infection, our understanding of the precise factors involved and underlying mechanisms remains limited. In particular, why HIV-1 does not rely upon the core dynein adaptor subunit dynactin-1 (DCTN1) is unclear. Here, we reveal that beyond its motor–adaptor functions, DCTN1 acts as a negative regulator of early HIV-1 infection by competitively binding and sequestering the host cofactor cytoplasmic linker protein 170 that regulates the stability of incoming viral particles. Our findings provide insights into DCTN1 function and offer a rationale for why HIV-1 might have evolved away from DCTN1 in favor of BICD2-based engagement of dynein.
Collapse of complexity of brain and body activity due to excessive inhibition and MeCP2 disruption
Authors: Li Jingwen , Kells Patrick A. , Osgood Ayla C. , Gautam Shree Hari , Shew Woodrow L. 
Published: October 2021

Significance
How does brain function falter when inhibition is not properly balanced by excitation in cerebral cortex? Here we show in rats that excessive inhibition leads to stereotyped, low-complexity relationships among neurons in motor cortex and body movements. We observed similar phenomena in rats with disrupted MeCP2 function, suggesting that imbalanced inhibition may contribute to motor dysfunction in Rett syndrome.
Curial e Güelfa
Authors: Soler Molina Abel 
Published: October 2021

Resum
L’anònima novel·la cavalleresca Curial e
Güelfa (Nàpols-Milà?, ca. 1445–1448)
es considera, juntament amb el Tirant lo Blanc, de
Joanot Martorell, una de les obres mestres de les lletres catalanes
del segle XV. Tanmateix, el fet que l’anònim –procedent de València,
però culturalment italianitzat– emprara el català com a vehicle
d’expressió literària no és cap obstacle per a catalogar el llibre,
per la seua modernitat (influx de l’ideari humanístic i del
neoplatonisme, sàtira llucianesca, ironia metaliterària…), com una
obra de “recepció” de la cultura del Quattrocento
italià per part d’algú format en la tradició medieval (llibres de
cavalleria, lírica trobadoresca, amor cortés), però que pretén
emular el Boccaccio napolità, concertant armes i amors en una àgil
narrativa de ficció. S’acaba el secolo senza poesia
i s’enceta amb el Curial un gènere de gust
aristocràtic, que hom sol denominar umanesimo
cavalleresco o, més pròpiament dit, cavalleria
humanística. El nou gènere florirà a la Florència dels Mèdici uns
anys després.
Derivational morphology in Croatian child language
Authors: Hržica Gordana 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Few studies have analysed derivation in languages other
than English, including Croatian. This study shows that by the age of three
years, Croatian children already use a high number of derived words,
especially prefixed verbs. Both the number of acquired affixes and
proportion of derived words increase with age. Verbs are mainly prefixed and
nouns suffixed. The most prevalent semantic categories in nouns are objects
and instruments, and derivation in verbs marks differences in aspect and/or
Aktionsart. Later child speech shows productive usage
of derivation, including derivational pairs and mini-paradigms, neologisms
and neosemantism. The frequency of derived words in child-directed speech
influences their frequency in child language. Compared to children, adults
employ a broader repertoire of derivational patterns.
Acquisition of derivational morphology in Russian
Authors: Kazakovskaya Victoria , Voeikova Maria D. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The chapter examines the onset of derivational morphology
in the speech production of two Russian boys (aged between 1;5–2;8 and
1;8–3;0). This process involves early nouns, verbs and adjectives built by
different derivation methods. Suffixation is typical for nouns and
adjectives, whereas new verbs are mostly built by prefixation. Derived verbs
and nouns belong to the same grammatical class as the originals and
adjectives are formed from nouns. Productive use of derivation was
registered several months after the first derivatives occur. The differences
between adult-child dyads relate to the set of semantic categories of derived words and
the proportion of derivatives belonging to different grammatical classes.
Further development of derivation (4;2 to 5;10) in one of the boys was
tracked.
Nutritional value of
Cyperus esculentus
L. (Neglected and Underutilized Crop Species): implication for valorization
Authors: Palanga Koffi Kibalou , Akabassi Ghislain Comlan , Padonou Elie Antoine , Dagnon Yao Dodzi , Tozo Koffi , Assogbadjo Achille Ephrem 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

The investigation of the nutritional value of Neglected and Underutilized Crop Species is essential for their valorization. This global systematic review aimed at investigating the nutritional value of tigernut to highlight the importance of the species in the fight against malnutrition. Extensive searches were carried out through three databases (ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and African Journal Online) from March to April 2021, and studies were screened and extracted using the established systematic review methods. A total of 36 papers from Africa, America, Asia, and Europe met the inclusion criteria. Thematic synthesis was used to synthesize data, and findings were presented under three framework aspects (biochemical, mineral composition, and vitamin content). About 63.88% of the papers included in this global review were published from 2010 to 2020. The highest number of papers (
n
= 14) was recorded between 2015 and 2020, and most of the publications were from Europe (
n
= 13). The review showed that tigernut contained alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, resins, tannins, sterols, and saponins. It was very rich in potassium (K), followed by phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca) sodium (Na), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and vitamins A, B, C, D, and E. The review has also revealed that biochemical composition and vitamin content of tigernut depend on its geographical origin. Overall, the results highlighted the nutritional values of tigernut. Its valorization in foodstuffs could increase the profitability of this crop and contribute to the fight against malnutrition in Africa.