bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
12‐year review of MRI‐detected breast cancers. How often was a diagnosis of malignancy established using targeted ultrasound and standard 14‐gauge core biopsy?
Authors: Price Jeremy 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionThis retrospective study aimed to determine the percentage of MRI‐detected breast cancers diagnosed using targeted ultrasound and standard 14‐gauge (14g) biopsy in the setting of an Australian breast MRI service. This is of clinical relevance because malignancies not identifiable on mammography or by ultrasound may then require more invasive, technically demanding and costly MRI‐guided interventional procedures, usually by large‐core vacuum‐assisted biopsy (VAB) or hook‐wire localisation with open surgical biopsy.MethodsOn review of the 12‐year period 2006–2018, we identified 67 new breast cancer events in 64 women where the diagnosis was made on the basis of the MRI scan findings either alone (n = 60) or in combination with a concurrent mammogram (n = 7), with no recorded clinical abnormality. The percentage in which malignancy was confirmed on histopathology using targeted ultrasound in combination with 14g biopsy was determined versus other biopsy methods, for both invasive cancer and in situ disease.ResultsUltrasound‐guided 14g biopsy was successful in establishing the presence of malignancy in 42/46 (91%) of events with a final diagnosis of invasive cancer, with 2 more proven by MRI‐guided interventional procedures (1 VAB and 1 hook‐wire) and 1 by open surgical biopsy. In the final case, a 5 mm focus on MRI with no sonographic correlate at the initial presentation was only identified and biopsied by ultrasound at 12‐month follow‐up.For events with a final diagnosis of DCIS/pLCIS (pleomorphic LCIS, n = 2), US‐guided 14g biopsy was successful in 10/21 (48%), while 4/7 events with corresponding mammographic microcalcifications were proven by x‐ray stereotactic interventions. A further 5 events had MRI‐guided interventions (3 VAB and 2 hook‐wires) and 1 an open surgical biopsy to confirm malignancy. In the final case (a woman with a 30 × 20 mm focal area of non‐mass enhancement with corresponding microcalcifications consistent with DCIS), a pathologic diagnosis was not made until the patient presented 5 years later with invasive disease. There were also 3 instances of upgrades to invasion on final surgical pathology, one from pLCIS to microinvasion and 2 others from DCIS to IDC. Among the DCIS/pLCIS events, semi‐random 14g core biopsy (sampling at the expected location of the MRI abnormality without a specific sonographic correlate) proved to be successful in 3 women.ConclusionUltrasound‐guided 14g core biopsy established a malignant diagnosis in 91% of invasive cancers and in 48% of DCIS/pLCIS cases. This relatively non‐invasive, technically easy to perform and low‐cost biopsy procedure can be used immediately when targeted ultrasound shows a correlate for a suspicious MRI scan finding. Careful imaging‐pathologic correlation is required after 14g biopsy, and a discordant result will usually prompt recourse to an MRI‐guided VAB or hook‐wire localisation.
A chromosomal level genome sequence for Quasipaa spinosa (Dicroglossidae) reveals chromosomal evolution and population diversity
Authors: Hu Xiaoxiao , Jiang Zeyuan , Ming Yao , Jian Jianbo , Jiang Sanjie , Zhang Dandan , Zhang Jiayong , Zheng Shanjian , Fang Xiaodong , Yang Yulan , Zheng Rongquan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractQuasipaa spinosa is an Asian commercial Dicroglossidae species noted for its spiny chest found in adult males. Here, we report the first chromosomal level Q. spinosa genome employing PacBio long read sequencing and high‐resolution chromosome conformation capture (Hi‐C) technology. The total length of the final assembled genome was 2,839,292,578 bp, with contig N50 of 3.79 Mb and scaffold N50 of 327.44 Mb. Approximately 99.30% of the length of the assembled genome sequences were anchored to 13 chromosomes with the assistance of Hi‐C reads. A total of 26,173 protein‐coding genes were predicted, and 95.98% of the genes were functionally annotated. The annotated genes covered a total of 92.10% of the complete vertebrate core gene set according to the BUSCO pipeline evaluation. Approximately 41 million years ago, Q. spinosa began to diverge from its dicroglossid sister taxon Nanorana parkeri. The Q. spinosa genome revealed obvious chromosomal fissions compared with Xenopus tropicalis, which probably represented a specific chromosome evolutionary history within frogs. Population analysis showed that Chinese Q. spinosa could be divided into eastern and western genetic clusters, with the western population showing higher diversity than the eastern population. The effective population size of Q. spinosa showed a continuously decreasing trend from one million years ago to 10,000 years ago. In summary, this study sheds light on Q. spinosa evolution and population differentiation, providing a valuable genomic resource for further biological and genetic studies on this species, and other closely related frog taxa.
Occurrence and phylogenetic analysis of Pseudanabaena sp. producing 2‐methylisoborneol in drinking water source of South Korea
Authors: Lee Jung Eun , Yu Mi Na , Yu Soonju , Byeon Myeongseop 
Published: November 2021

SummaryWe investigated the abundance of Pseudanabaena species and the concentration of the monoterpene 2‐methylisoborneol (2‐MIB) from July to October at three sampling sites in South Korea. To identify the main cause of 2‐MIB occurrence in drinking water source, we characterized and performed a phylogenetic analysis of the 2‐MIB synthase gene. Pseudanabaena was the dominant cyanobacterium (68%–100%) among the samples. At all three sampling sites, a strong positive correlation was detected between 2‐MIB concentrations and Pseudanabaena cell numbers. A phylogenetic analysis of 222 MIB sequences isolated from the water samples showed that all of the clones were affiliated with the Pseudanabaena MIB synthase gene, demonstrating that the 2‐MIB in the Han River drinking water source was produced by Pseudanabaena sp. Using a clone of the 2‐MIB gene, network‐based analysis and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean analysis were used to examine temporal and spatial variation in the 2‐MIB concentration and Pseudanabaena abundance. The network analysis showed greater temporal than spatial similarity among the 2‐MIB gene clones. Together, our results demonstrate that Pseudanabaena was the main producer of 2‐MIB. These findings provide important information for odour management in drinking water source.
Belief in the myth of an American Indian/Alaska Native biological vulnerability to alcohol problems among reservation‐dwelling participants with a substance use problem
Authors: Gonzalez Vivian M. , Skewes Monica C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundBelief in the myth of an American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN)–specific biological vulnerability (BV) to alcohol problems is associated with worse alcohol outcomes among AIAN college students who drink, despite also being associated with greater attempts to reduce drinking. This study examined the association of belief in a BV with alcohol use among reservation‐dwelling AI adults with a substance use problem.MethodsParticipants (n = 141) who drank alcohol in the past 90 days were selected from a larger AI sample who self‐identified as having a substance use problem. Moderated‐mediation analyses examined whether belief in a BV was positively associated with alcohol‐ and substance use‐related consequences and whether self‐efficacy and craving mediated the association of belief in a BV with alcohol use.ResultsAmong participants who reported using alcohol but not hard drugs (e.g., methamphetamine, opioids), greater belief in a BV was associated with more drinking days, which in turn was associated with greater alcohol‐related consequences. Among participants who used alcohol only, belief in a BV was also significantly associated with greater craving, and in turn with more drinking days. Among individuals who used both alcohol and hard drugs, greater belief in a BV was associated with fewer drinking days, but was not significantly associated with substance use‐related consequences. No association was found between belief in a BV and self‐efficacy to avoid alcohol or drug use.ConclusionsAmong individuals who use only alcohol, belief in a BV may contribute to more drinking days and greater alcohol‐related consequences through its association with greater craving. This study provides further evidence of the potential harm of internalizing the belief that being AIAN contributes to the risk for alcohol problems, a notion that lacks scientific evidence despite decades of research. The findings highlight the importance of combating societal myths regarding AIAN peoples and the internalization of these stereotypes.
Factors associated with caregiver distress among home care clients in New Zealand: Evidence based on data from interRAI Home Care assessment
Authors: Abey‐Nesbit Rebecca , Van Doren Shauni , Ahn SangNam , Iheme Linda , Peel Nancye M. , Declercq Anja , Hirdes John , Allore Heather , Jamieson Hamish A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo identify factors associated with caregiver distress among home care clients in New Zealand.MethodsThe cohort consisted of 105,978 community‐dwelling people aged 65 years or older requiring home care services in New Zealand who had at least one informal caregiver. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with caregiver distress.ResultsVariables associated with risk of caregiver distress included Depression Rating Scale score, aggressive behaviour symptoms, primary informal caregiver relationship to patient, Cognitive Performance Scale score, Changes in Health, End‐stage disease, and Signs and Symptoms Scale score, informal care time, secondary informal caregiver relationship to care recipient, activities of daily living hierarchy scale score and any hospitalisation.ConclusionsThe study has identified important characteristics that are associated with caregiver stress. These results suggest that caregiver distress can be relieved by promoting protective factors and aiming to reduce risk factors among home care clients in New Zealand.
Isolation of nanobodies with potential to reduce patients' IgE binding to Bet v 1
Authors: Zettl Ines , Ivanova Tatiana , Strobl Maria R. , Weichwald Christina , Goryainova Oksana , Khan Evgenia , Rutovskaya Marina V. , Focke‐Tejkl Margarete , Drescher Anja , Bohle Barbara , Flicker Sabine , Tillib Sergei V. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies showed that a single injection of human monoclonal allergen‐specific IgG antibodies significantly reduced allergic symptoms in birch pollen‐allergic patients. Since the production of full monoclonal antibodies in sufficient amounts is laborious and expensive, we sought to investigate if smaller recombinant allergen‐specific antibody fragments, that is, nanobodies, have similar protective potential. For this purpose, nanobodies specific for Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen, were generated to evaluate their efficacy to inhibit IgE‐mediated responses.MethodsA cDNA‐VHH library was constructed from a camel immunized with Bet v 1 and screened for Bet v 1 binders encoding sequences by phage display. Selected nanobodies were expressed, purified, and analyzed in regards of epitope‐specificity and affinity to Bet v 1. Furthermore, cross‐reactivity to Bet v 1‐homologues from alder, hazel and apple, and their usefulness to inhibit IgE binding and allergen‐induced basophil activation were investigated.ResultsWe isolated three nanobodies that recognize Bet v 1 with high affinity and cross‐react with Aln g 1 (alder) and Cor a 1 (hazel). Their epitopes were mapped to the alpha‐helix at the C‐terminus of Bet v 1. All nanobodies inhibited allergic patients' polyclonal IgE binding to Bet v 1, Aln g 1, and Cor a 1 and partially suppressed Bet v 1‐induced basophil activation.ConclusionWe identified high‐affinity Bet v 1‐specific nanobodies that recognize an important IgE epitope and reduce allergen‐induced basophil activation revealing the first proof that allergen‐specific nanobodies are useful tools for future treatment of pollen allergy.
Opioid use is associated with increased out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest risk among 40 000‐cases across two countries
Authors: Eroglu Talip E. , Barcella Carlo A. , Blom Marieke T. , Souverein Patrick C. , Mohr Grimur H. , Torp‐Pedersen Christian , Folke Fredrik , Wissenberg Mads , de Boer Anthonius , Gislason Gunnar H. , Tan Hanno L. ,   for the ESCAPE‐NET Investigators
Published: November 2021

AimsOpioid use has substantially increased in the last decade and is associated with overdose mortality, but also with increased mortality from cardiovascular causes. This finding may partly reflect an association between opioids and out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Therefore, we aimed to investigate OHCA‐risk of opioids in the community.MethodsWe conducted 2 population‐based case–control studies separately in the Netherlands (2009–2018) and Denmark (2001–2015). Cases were individuals who experienced OHCA of presumed cardiac cause. Each case was matched with up to 5 non‐OHCA‐controls according to age, sex and OHCA‐date. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsWe included 5473 OHCA‐cases matched with 21 866 non‐OHCA‐controls in the Netherlands, and 35 017 OHCA‐cases matched with 175 085 non‐OHCA‐controls in Denmark. We found that use of opioids (the Netherlands: cases: 5.4%, controls: 1.8%; Denmark: cases: 11.9%, controls: 4.4%) was associated with increased OHCA‐risk in both regions (the Netherlands: OR 2.1 [95% CI 1.8–2.5]; Denmark: OR 1.8 [95% CI 1.5–2.1]). The association was observed in both sexes, and in individuals with cardiovascular disease (the Netherlands: OR 1.8 [95% CI 1.5–2.1]; Denmark: OR 1.6 [95% CI 1.5–1.7]) or without (the Netherlands: OR 3.4 [95% CI: 2.4–4.8], Pinteraction < .0001; Denmark: OR 2.3 [95% CI: 2.0–2.5], Pinteraction < .0001).ConclusionUse of opioids is associated with increased OHCA‐risk in both sexes, independently of concomitant cardiovascular disease. These findings should be considered when evaluating the harms and benefits of treatment with opioids.
Application of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of rivaroxaban to prospective simulations of drug–drug–disease interactions with protein kinase inhibitors in cancer‐associated venous thromboembolism
Authors: Cheong Eleanor Jing Yi , Ng Daniel Zhi Wei , Chin Sheng Yuan , Wang Ziteng , Chan Eric Chun Yong 
Published: November 2021

AimsRivaroxaban is a viable anticoagulant for the management of cancer‐associated venous thromboembolism (CA‐VTE). A previously verified physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of rivaroxaban established how its multiple pathways of elimination via both CYP3A4/2J2‐mediated hepatic metabolism and organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3)/P‐glycoprotein‐mediated renal secretion predisposes rivaroxaban to drug–drug–disease interactions (DDDIs) with clinically relevant protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs). We proposed the application of PBPK modelling to prospectively interrogate clinically significant DDIs between rivaroxaban and PKIs (erlotinib and nilotinib) for dose adjustments in CA‐VTE.MethodsThe inhibitory potencies of the PKIs on CYP3A4/2J2‐mediated metabolism of rivaroxaban were characterized. Using prototypical OAT3 inhibitor ketoconazole, in vitro OAT3 inhibition assays were optimized to ascertain the in vivo relevance of derived transport inhibitory constants (Ki). Untested DDDIs between rivaroxaban and erlotinib or nilotinib were simulated.ResultsMechanism‐based inactivation (MBI) of CYP3A4‐mediated rivaroxaban metabolism by both PKIs and MBI of CYP2J2 by erlotinib were established. The importance of substrate specificity and nonspecific binding to derive OAT3‐inhibitory Ki values of ketoconazole and nilotinib for the accurate prediction of interactions was illustrated. When simulated rivaroxaban exposure variations with concomitant erlotinib and nilotinib therapy were evaluated using published dose–exposure equivalence metrics and bleeding risk analyses, dose reductions from 20 to 15 and 10 mg in normal and mild renal dysfunction, respectively, were warranted.ConclusionWe established a PBPK‐DDDI model to prospectively evaluate clinically relevant interactions between rivaroxaban and PKIs for the safe and efficacious management of CA‐VTE.
Variable Selection in Regression-Based Estimation of Dynamic Treatment Regimes
Authors: Bian Zeyu , Moodie Erica E. M. , Shortreed Susan M. , Bhatnagar Sahir 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) consist of a sequence of decision rules, one per stage of intervention, that aim to recommend effective treatments for individual patients according to patient information history. DTRs can be estimated from models which include interactions between treatment and a (typically small) number of covariates which are often chosen a priori. However, with increasingly large and complex data being collected, it can be difficult to know which prognostic factors might be relevant in the treatment rule. Therefore, a more data-driven approach to select these covariates might improve the estimated decision rules and simplify models to make them easier to interpret. We propose a variable selection method for DTR estimation using penalized dynamic weighted least squares. Our method has the strong heredity property, that is, an interaction term can be included in the model only if the corresponding main terms have also been selected. We show our method has both the double robustness property and the oracle property theoretically; and the newly proposed method compares favorably with other variable selection approaches in numerical studies. We further illustrate the proposed method on data from the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression study.
Endogenous catch per unit effort and congestion externalities between vessels in a search‐matching model: Evidence from the French Guiana shrimp fishery
Authors: Sanz Nicolas , Diop Bassirou 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper aims at explaining the recent rise in profits in the French Guiana shrimp fishery (FGSF) despite the overall fall in activity observed between 1990 and 2009. We develop a stochastic search‐matching version of the usual Cobb–Douglas bioeconomic fishery model. In this version catch per unit effort becomes endogenous, decreasing in the ratio of empty vessels to escaped fish, which we call “anthropic pressure” and which is determined by standard profit maximization. We first estimate the stochastic harvest function, which exhibits nearly constant returns to scale. We then show that a decrease in equilibrium anthropic pressure and congestion between vessels may be more than compensated by the consecutive rise in catch per unit effort. This leads to a fall in average harvesting costs and thus, to a rise in profits. In addition, we identify the condition under which a search‐matching fishery, working under open access, could reach a maximum economic yield equilibrium, which corresponds to a very particular case. Finally, the model makes it possible to evaluate the actual catch per unit effort and explain how the FGSF changed over the period considered with the help of the open access and maximum economic yield frameworks.
Demand for insurance with nonadditive probabilistic beliefs
Authors: Wang Jianli , Su Yingrong , Li Jingyuan , Yick Ho Yin 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTThis work examines optimal demand for insurance coverage when the insured has nonadditive subjective probability beliefs about loss uncertainty. By showing the equivalent conditions of Jensen's inequality under the Choquet expected utility framework, we not only provide the threshold on the insurance premium for Mossin's theorem to hold but also explore the joint effect of both risk aversion and uncertainty aversion on optimal insurance demand.
Inflation, innovation, and growth: A survey
Authors: Chu Angus C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this survey, we provide a selective review of the literature on inflation, innovation, and economic growth. The relationship between economic growth and inflation is a fundamental question in economics. Most studies in this literature explore this relationship in capital‐based growth models. This survey reviews a recent branch of this literature on inflation and innovation‐driven growth. Specifically, we use a canonical monetary Schumpeterian growth model to demonstrate the effects of inflation on innovation and the macroeconomy via different channels. We find that the cash‐in‐advance constraints on consumption and R&D investment have drastically different implications on the macroeconomic effects of inflation.
Inflammation, ageing and diseases of the lung: Potential therapeutic strategies from shared biological pathways
Authors: Faniyi Aduragbemi A. , Hughes Michael J. , Scott Aaron , Belchamber Kylie B. R. , Sapey Elizabeth 
Published: November 2021

Lung diseases disproportionately affect elderly individuals. The lungs form a unique environment: a highly elastic organ with gaseous exchange requiring the closest proximity of inhaled air containing harmful agents and the circulating blood. The lungs are highly susceptible to senescence, with age and ‘inflammageing’ creating a pro‐inflammatory environment with a reduced capacity to deal with challenges. While lung diseases may have disparate causes, the burden of ageing and inflammation provides a common process that can exacerbate seemingly unrelated pathologies. However, these shared pathways may also provide a common route to treatment, with increased interest in drugs that target ageing processes across respiratory diseases. In this review, we will examine the evidence for the increased burden of lung disease in older adults, the structural and functional changes seen with advancing age and assess what our expanding knowledge of inflammation and ageing pathways could mean for the treatment of lung disease.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue on Inflammation, Repair and Ageing. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.9/issuetoc
Strategies towards safer opioid analgesics—A review of old and upcoming targets
Authors: Varga Balazs R. , Streicher John M. , Majumdar Susruta 
Published: November 2021

Opioids continue to be of use for the treatment of pain. Most clinically used analgesics target the μ opioid receptor whose activation results in adverse effects like respiratory depression, addiction and abuse liability. Various approaches have been used by the field to separate receptor‐mediated analgesic actions from adverse effects. These include biased agonism, opioids targeting multiple receptors, allosteric modulators, heteromers and splice variants of the μ receptor. This review will focus on the current status of the field and some upcoming targets of interest that may lead to a safer next generation of analgesics.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue on Advances in Opioid Pharmacology at the Time of the Opioid Epidemic. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v180.7/issuetoc