bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Syn‐mineralization Uplifting and Exhumation of Porphyry Systems in China: Evidence from Fluid Inclusion Data
Authors: ZHOU Aorigele , ZHENG Ming , TANG Juxing , HE Wen , CHEN Hongjin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn order to understand how the metallogenic process of porphyry deposit specifically and directly respond to regional uplifting and exhumation, we compiled previous fluid inclusion data of 32 porphyry deposits in China by recalculating the fluid trapping depths and trapping depth reduction magnitude from early to late mineralization stage veins. The data reveal that the average trapping pressure ratio (Ave TPE/TPL) between early‐ and late‐stage veins of the these deposits are 1.2–18.4, mainly in the range of 1.35–5.83, with average trapping pressure reduction (1–Ave TPL/TPE) from early‐ to late‐ stage veins are 17%–95%, and mainly in the range of 25%–83%. The fluid trapping pressure based mineralization depths most of the porphyry deposits in China had decreased from early to late vein stages by at least 450 m (900–5800 m predominant), or greater than 950 m when take the average depth reduction value, which is greater than the current gap between early‐ and late‐ stage veins of each deposit. We propose that the apparently greater mineralization depth reduction magnitude than the current elevation gaps between early and late veins are likely a consequence of syn‐mineralization uplifting and exhumation process that often occurs in porphyry systems.
Novel strategy of cartilage repairingviaapplication ofP. atlanticawith stem cells and collagen
Authors: Tanideh Nader , Borzooeian Giti , Lotfi Mehrzad , Sani Mahsa , Irajie Cambyz , Ghaemmaghami Parvin , Koohi‐Hosseinabadi Omid , Tanideh Romina , Hashempour Sadeghian Mahdi , Borzooeian Zahra , Iraji Aida 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory joint condition, still lacking effective treatments. Some factors consider as the main causes of OA, including biochemical, mechanical, and genetic factors. The growth of studies confirmed that modern medicine in combination with folk medicine regarding the arrival of reliable, efficient, and safe therapeutic products against OA. In the present study, the effects of various single and combinatorial treatments of knee articular cartilage, including stem cells, collagen, andP. atlanticahydroalcoholic leaves extract were investigated in a rat‐induced OA model. On week 12 after OA confirmation, histopathology and radiography assessments were evaluated and the serum and synovial fluid levels of TAC, TNF‐α, PEG2, MPO, MMP3, MMP13, and MDA were also measured. Combination therapy of OA‐induced rats with hydroalcoholic extract ofP. atlanticleaves, stem cells, and collagen considerably increased the efficacy of treatment as evidenced by increasing the TAC and lowering TNF‐α, MPO, MMP3, and MMP13 compared to control group and even groups received single therapy. This is in agreement with a high amount of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacities of the hydroalcoholic extract ofP. atlanticleaves. It is concluded that multifunctional agents targeting the pathophysiology of OA has exhibited significant therapeutic effects against OA.
Screening for compensated advanced chronic liver disease using refined Baveno VI elastography cutoffs in Asian patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Zhou Yu‐Jie , Gao Feng , Liu Wen‐Yue , Wong Grace Lai‐Hung , Mahadeva Sanjiv , Raihan Nik Mustapha Nik , Wang Xiao‐Dong , Chan Wah‐Kheong , Wong Vincent Wai‐Sun , Zheng Ming‐Hua 
Published: June 2021

SummaryBackgroundRecently, Papatheodoridi et al proposed to refine the Baveno VI elastography dual‐cutoffs and introduce an algorithm for the detection of compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD) in asymptomatic European patients with chronic liver diseases.AimsTo validate the performance of the dual‐cutoffs (8/12 kPa) and the proposed algorithm to identify patients with cACLD in three well‐characterised Asian nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) cohorts.MethodsWe included 830 patients with biopsy‐proven NAFLD. Liver stiffness was measured using transient elastography (FibroScan).ResultscACLD was found in 21.8% of patients. Compared with the original Baveno VI elastography criteria (10/15 kPa), the new cutoffs showed a comparable specificity and a higher sensitivity for identifying cACLD. We developed a simplified risk model incorporating age, liver stiffness value, and platelet count, which outperformed liver stiffness measurement alone in two Chinese cohorts (P = 0.001), and was further validated in a Malaysian cohort (P = 0.04). Overall, the “two‐step” screening of cACLD improved classification rates from 73.5% by the original dual‐cutoffs to 86.7%. Notably, usage of our simplified risk model resulted in significantly lower false‐negative rate than the refined screening approach by Papatheodoridi et al (27.1% vs 41.4%; P = 0.01).ConclusionsThe dual elastography cutoffs of 8 and 12 kPa are more appropriate to identify cACLD in Asian patients with NAFLD. In combination with a simplified risk model in unclassified patients, the two‐step approach showed a classification rate of about 85%.
Associations between trust and drinking among adolescents
Authors: Sjödin Lars , Livingston Michael , Karlsson Patrik , Larm Peter , Raninen Jonas 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionTrust is closely linked with health, but previous research on its association with alcohol use has yielded mixed findings. The aim of this study is to examine: (i) how two different dimensions of trust (general/institutional) are associated with alcohol use among adolescents; (ii) how these dimensions interact with alcohol use; and (iii) whether the associations are moderated by sex, parenting, health, school satisfaction or economic disadvantage.MethodsA nationwide sample of 5549 adolescents (aged 15–16 years) in Sweden answered a questionnaire in school. General and institutional trust were measured with five items each. Logistic regressions were used to examine associations between drinking and the trust dimensions, and the cross‐combinations of these. Moderation by sex, parenting, health, school satisfaction and economic disadvantage was tested.ResultsGeneral and institutional trust were both significantly associated with drinking. High scores on both dimensions simultaneously were associated with the lowest probability of drinking, and low scores on both with the highest. Low institutional trust had a stronger association than low general trust. The combination of high institutional/low general trust was more protective than low institutional/high general trust. The association between general trust and drinking was moderated by school satisfaction, and the relationship between institutional trust and drinking was moderated by parental support and control.Discussion and ConclusionsHigh trust is associated with a lower probability of past‐year drinking among 15–16‐year‐olds. Parents and schools can be useful in endeavours to prevent low‐trusting individuals in this age group from drinking.
When Incivility Is a Form of Civility: Challenging the Comfort of Willful Ignorance
Authors: Applebaum Barbara 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this essay, Barbara Applebaum reframes the case for subversive incivility by emphasizing the links between civility, comfort, and willful ignorance. The scholarship defending incivility gives much attention to ascertaining when incivility is justified. While acknowledging the importance of this focus, Applebaum asks whether it fails to adequately acknowledge (1) the role that willful ignorance plays in maintaining systemic privilege and oppression, and (2) how calls for civility are demands for dominant group comfort that protect willful ignorance from challenge. The essay begins with a review of some of the arguments that have been articulated in defense of justified incivility, particularly Tracy Owen Patton's concept of hegemonic civility. Next, Applebaum calls attention to how subversive incivility aims to disrupt the dominant group comfort that preserves willful ignorance, arguing that “incivility” is marked not by the tone of an utterance or argument, but rather by whether the message challenges hegemonic frameworks. She then elaborates the type of ignorance involved in willful ignorance and, finally, uses this concept to analyze a case of student “incivility” at Yale University. Applebaum concludes by recommending a shift in focus from establishing what counts as civility versus incivility to addressing the more fundamental question about what one is unwilling to know.
Re‐thinking therapeutic development for CNS metastatic disease
Authors: Saberian Chantal , Davies Michael A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThere has been unprecedented progress in the development of systemic therapies for patients with metastatic melanoma over the last decade. There is now tremendous potential and momentum to further and markedly reduce the impact of this disease. However, developing more effective treatments for metastases to the CNS remains a critical challenge for patients with melanoma. Melanoma patients with active CNS metastases have largely been excluded from both early‐phase and registration trials for all currently approved targeted and immune therapies for this disease. While this exclusion has generally been justified in clinical research due to concerns about poor prognosis, lack of CNS penetration of agents and/or risk of toxicities, recent post‐approval trials have shown the feasibility, safety and clinical benefit of clinical investigation in these patients. These trials have also identified key areas for which more effective strategies are needed. In parallel, recent translational and preclinical research has provided insights into novel immune, molecular and metabolic features of melanoma brain metastases that may mediate the aggressive biology and therapeutic resistance of these tumors. Together, these advances suggest the need for new paradigms for therapeutic development for melanoma patients with CNS metastasis.
Classification of cracking sources of different engineering media via machine learning
Authors: Huang Jie , Hu Qianting , Song Zhenlong , Zhang Gongheng , Qin Chao‐Zhong , Wu Mingyang , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractComplex civil structures require the cooperation of many building materials. However, it is difficult to accurately monitor and evaluate the inner damage states of various material systems. Based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) and the acoustic emission (AE) time‐frequency diagram, we used the transfer learning method for classifying the AE signals of different materials under external loads. The results show the CNN model can accurately classify cracks that come from different materials based on AE signals. The recognition accuracy can reach 90% just by retraining the full connection layer of the pretrained model, and its accuracy can reach 97% after retraining the top 2 convolutional layers of this model. A realization of cracking source identification mainly depends on the differences in mineral particles in materials. This work highlights the great potential for real‐time and quantitative monitoring of the health status of composite civil structures.
Inspired and engaged: Decoding MASSTIGE value in engagement
Authors: Das Manish , Saha Victor , Roy Abhirupa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study explores two burgeoning aspects of marketing research; inspiration and engagement, in the context of mass‐prestige brands; that is those brands that position themselves among middle‐income people on the plank of mass‐prestige by maintaining premium feeling at an attainable price. Specifically, it examines the role of desire and perceived value in activating masstige inspiration and shaping masstige engagement. In addition, it investigates whether the transition from inspiration to masstige engagement varies based on need for uniqueness tendencies. Following a survey method, responses were obtained from 396 (354 usable) masstige (car) luxury buyers in India using a structured questionnaire. Covariance‐based Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to test the direct and mediation hypotheses, while moderation hypotheses were checked using multi‐group SEM. The study indicates that affective desire (discomfort, pleasure and guilt), but not cognitive (control) and perceive value (functional value, emotional value and social value), shapes consumers’ masstige engagement (cognitive, affective and behavioural). Affective desire and perceived value activates masstige inspiration (“inspired byi”) leading to masstige intention (inspired to) and finally masstige engagement. Creative choice counter conformity as uniqueness tendency strengthens the effect of masstige intention (inspired to) on masstige engagement but not unpopular and avoidance of similarity uniqueness tendencies. Study findings will significantly strengthen engagement and inspiration literature in general and masstige in particular besides providing input to the marketers in shaping masstige branding and communication strategies.
Long‐term effectiveness of an mHealth‐tailored physical activity intervention in youth with congenital heart disease: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lin Pei‐Jung , Fanjiang Yong‐Yi , Wang Jou‐Kou , Lu Chun‐Wei , Lin Kuan‐Chia , Cheong In‐Mei , Pan Kuan‐You , Chen Chi‐Wen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the long‐term effectiveness of the Care & Organize Our Lifestyle (COOL) programme, a self‐regulation theory‐based mHealth programme, on improving disease knowledge and physical activity in youth with congenital heart disease (CHD).DesignA three‐arm parallel‐group randomized controlled trial.MethodsA total 143 participants with simple and moderate CHD aged 15–24 years were recruited from June 2016 to February 2018. The 12‐month programme compared two active intervention groups to a standard‐care control group (n = 47). Participants in one active intervention group (n = 49) were provided with COOL Passport, a mobile healthcare application. Those in the other group (n = 47) were provided with access to the Health Promotion Cloud system and use of game‐based interactive platforms along with COOL Passport. Outcomes were the Leuven Knowledge Questionnaire for Congenital Heart Disease and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Taiwan Show‐Card Version.ResultsAfter 12 months, 103 participants remained; the overall attrition rate was 28%. No significant differences were observed between the groups in any domain of disease knowledge after 6 months or 1 year. Neither active group exhibited significantly greater physical activity intensity than the standard‐care control group in any month during the 1 year.ConclusionThe mHealth‐tailored intervention of the COOL programme did not improve disease knowledge or physical activity in young adults with CHD.ImpactThe application of the COOL Passport and Health Promotion Cloud system and use of game‐based interactive platforms must be modified and verified in future studies and may have clinical potential.Trial registration: The registry of clinical trials was ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04264650.
Differential effects of aquatic anaesthetics on the pharmacokinetics of antibiotics: Examples using florfenicol in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Rairat T , Chi Y , Chang S‐K , Hsieh C‐Y , Chuchird N , Chou C‐C 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAnaesthetics are commonly applied in pharmacokinetic (PK) studies to assure smooth handling of experimental procedures or to promote animal welfare. However, the influence of anaesthetics on the PK of co‐administered drug is generally unknown but assumes ignorable. The goal of the study was to investigate the effect of tricaine methanesulfonate (MS‐222), 2‐phenoxyethanol (2‐PE) and eugenol (EUG) on the PK of florfenicol (FF) in Nile tilapia. Twenty‐eight fish were repeatedly exposed to 90 ppm EUG, 300 ppm MS‐222 or 900 ppm 2‐PE before FF oral administration (15 mg/kg) and each successive blood sampling. The serum concentration–time profiles were analysed by a 2‐compartmental model, and the generated parameters in the control (without anaesthetic) and anaesthetic groups were statistically compared. The results demonstrated that the serum concentrations of each anaesthetic were similar at every FF sampling times (70 μg/ml for MS‐222; 277 μg/ml for 2‐PE; and 61 μg/ml for EUG). In comparison with the control group, the repeated use of MS‐222 did not result in a statistical difference in most of the PK parameters. In contrast, the elimination half‐lives of the 2‐PE and EUG groups were significantly longer whereas the absorption and distribution half‐lives of the 2‐PE group were significantly shorter than the control, resulting in altered optimal dosages in the simulation modelling. Whether or not the numbers and extent of PK parameters change mitigate subsequent estimations of other PK‐derived secondary values such as dosing regimen and withdrawal time remains to be elucidated, but the auxiliary use of anaesthetics in PK studies should not assume uninfluential.
COVID‐19 outcomes in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases in Latin America: Results from SECURE‐IBD registry
Authors: Queiroz Natália S F , Martins Camilla de Almeida , Quaresma Abel B , Hino Adriano A F , Steinwurz Flavio , Ungaro Ryan C , Kotze Paulo G 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground and AimOne of the most impacted regions by the pandemic globally, Latin America is facing socioeconomic and health‐care challenges that can potentially affect disease outcomes. Recent data suggest that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients do not have an increased risk of the development of COVID‐19 complications. However, the impact of COVID‐19 on IBD patients living in least developed areas remains to be fully elucidated. This study aims to describe the outcomes of IBD patients diagnosed with COVID‐19 in countries from Latin America based on data from the SECURE‐IBD registry.MethodsPatients from Latin America enrolled in the SECURE‐IBD registry were included. Descriptive analyses were used to summarize clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. The studied outcomes were (i) a composite of need for intensive care unit admission, ventilator use, and/or death (primary outcome) and (ii) a composite of any hospitalization and/or death (secondary outcome). Multivariable regression was used to identify risk factors of severe COVID‐19.ResultsDuring the study period, 230 cases (Crohn's disease: n = 115, ulcerative colitis: n = 114, IBD‐unclassified [IBD‐U]: n = 1) were reported to the SECURE‐IBD database from 13 different countries. Primary outcome was observed in 17 (7.4%) patients, and the case fatality rate was 1.7%. In the adjusted multivariable model, the use of systemic corticosteroids (odds ratio [OR] 10.97; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.44–34.99) was significantly associated with the primary outcome. Older age (OR 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00–1.05), systemic corticosteroids (OR 9.33; 95% CI: 3.84–22.63), and the concomitant presence of one (OR 2.14; 95% CI: 0.89–5.15) or two (OR 10.67; 95% CI: 1.74–65.72) comorbidities were associated with the outcome of hospitalization or death.ConclusionInflammatory bowel disease patients with COVID‐19 in Latin America appear to have similar outcomes to the overall global data. Risk factors of severe COVID‐19 are similar to prior reports.
The Propagation of Regional Shocks in Housing Markets: Evidence from Oil Price Shocks in Canada
Authors: Kilian Lutz , Zhou Xiaoqing 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe response of Canadian housing markets to oil price shocks provides strong evidence that shocks to the demand for housing that originate in one region also raise house prices in other regions. We develop a theoretical model that helps understand this finding. The model differentiates between oil‐producing and nonoil‐producing regions and incorporates multiple sectors, trade between provinces, government redistribution, and consumer spending on fuel. We empirically confirm the model prediction that oil price shocks are transmitted to housing markets in nonoil‐producing regions by the government redistribution of oil revenue and increased interprovincial trade.
Drug‐induced liver injury at a tertiary care centre in Germany: Model for end‐stage liver disease is the best predictor of outcome
Authors: Reike‐Kunze Martin , Zenouzi Roman , Hartel Johannes , Krech Till , Weidemann Sören , Sterneck Martina , Weiler‐Normann Christina , Lohse Ansgar W. , Schramm Christoph , Sebode Marcial 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground & AimsAgents most frequently inducing idiosyncratic drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) differ between countries worldwide. Besides, there is no consistent data on the best model predicting mortality or the need for liver transplantation in DILI. We here analysed the DILI cohort of our centre with regard to causative drugs and clinical outcome.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 157 consecutive severe DILI patients presenting to our tertiary care centre in Hamburg, Germany, from 2008 to 2018, was performed.ResultsThe most frequent putatively causative drugs were phenprocoumon (n = 21), metamizole (n = 17) and flupirtine (n = 6). The mean values of ALT, bilirubin and Model for End‐stage Liver Disease (MELD) score at the time of hospitalisation were 1201 U/L (SD: 1169 U/L), 6.8 mg/dL (SD: 7 mg/dL) and 17 (SD: 8). About 71% of all cases were treated with steroids or steroids combined with n‐acetylcysteine. About 12.1% of all DILI cases had a poor outcome (liver transplantation and/or death). At the time of admission, MELD score performed better than Hy's law, the ratio (R) or the new ratio (nR) on their own or combined with bilirubin, regarding sensitivity or specificity for poor outcome. MELD score had a c‐statistic of 0.847 (95% CI: 0.731‐0.964). Furthermore, the cut‐off of 18 MELD points had a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 72% for poor outcome.ConclusionPhenprocoumon and metamizole are frequent causative drugs for DILI in Germany. In comparison to other prognostic scores, MELD score ≥18 at the time of admission performed best in our cohort for the prediction of poor outcome in DILI.
Inferior cure rate in pilot study of 4‐week glecaprevir/pibrentasvir treatment with or without ribavirin of chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Madsen Lone W. , Christensen Peer B. , Fahnøe Ulrik , Pedersen Martin S. , Bukh Jens , Øvrehus Anne 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground & AimsShortening the treatment duration for chronic hepatitis C may increase feasibility and reduce the cost of cure. The aims of this study were to compare 4 weeks of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) treatment with and without ribavirin for patients with chronic hepatitis C and favourable baseline characteristics and to monitor the development of resistance‐associated substitutions (RAS) and re‐treatment outcomes if treatment failed.MethodsWe performed an open‐label single‐centre randomized controlled trial, in which patients with chronic hepatitis C were randomized 1:1 to GLE/PIB ± ribavirin, stratified by genotype 3. The main inclusion criteria were treatment‐naive patients, aged 18‐49 with all genotypes accepted, and absence of liver fibrosis, determined by liver stiffness measurement less than 8 kPa. Viral genome sequences were determined by deep sequencing at baseline and at the time of relapse.ResultsA total of 32 patients started treatment. Sustained virological response at week 12 (SVR12) was 59% (10/17) for GLE/PIB without ribavirin and 73% (11/15) for GLE/PIB with ribavirin. Drug target‐specific NS5A RAS were detected at baseline for 45% (5/11) of patients with treatment failure and for 14% (3/21) of patients who achieved SVR12. Ten failure patients were retreated 12 weeks with sofosbuvir‐based regimens; all have been cured.ConclusionsIn this pilot study of 4‐week treatment with GLE/PIB with and without ribavirin, we found that baseline RAS were more frequent in patients with virological failure. Development of RAS did occur after short treatment but did not result in retreatment failure with a different regimen.EudraCT no: 2017‐005179‐21.