bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of chronic lung disease treatment before the respiratory syncytial virus season
Authors: Choi Yoonyoung , Meissner H. Cody , Hampp Christian , Park Haesuk , Winterstein Almut G. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Guidelines recommend palivizumab immunoprophylaxis for children with CLD in their second year of life if they continue to need treatment within 6 months before the RSV season. The utilization patterns of treatment (chronic corticosteroid therapy, diuretic therapy, or supplemental oxygen) are not well understood. We examined variations in CLD treatment for ten consecutive 20-day segments preceding RSV season onset. Among infants and children with CLD (n = 19,026), 35.2% received one or more medical treatments for CLD any time within 200 days before entering the second RSV season: 8.6%, 3.2%, and 29.7% received oxygen, diuretics, and corticosteroids, respectively. Utilization decreased as infants’ age increased with corticosteroids surpassing oxygen and diuretics. To avoid the capture of intermittent use of corticosteroids for acute infections, we found a minimum of 45 days cumulative exposure was necessary to determine chronic use.
New Model-Based Manipulation Technique for Reshaping Deformable Linear Objects
Authors: Khalifa Alaa , Palli Gianluca 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this article, we consider the problem of reshaping a deformable linear object (DLO) like wires, cables, ropes, and surgical sutures. The solution to this problem would be useful for many fields, especially industrial manufacturing, where the DLO manipulation is still frequently carried out by human workers. In this work, a new model-based manipulation technique for reshaping a DLO is addressed employing a sequence of grasping and releasing primitives performed by a single-armed robot equipped with a gripper. A decision process selects the optimal grasping point exploiting an error minimization approach and chooses the related releasing point. This decision process performs a spline interpolation between the error values obtained from candidate grasping points and chooses the optimal point that owns a minimum error. The multivariate dynamic spline model of the DLO is exploited for selecting the optimal grasping point and predicting the DLO behavior during the manipulation process. Because of its advantages over other integration methods, the symplectic integrator is utilized for iteratively solving the DLO dynamic model. Simulation results of reshaping a DLO lying on a table are presented to evaluate the proposed technique. These results illustrate the intermediate deformation steps which lead the DLO from its starting state to the desired one. They demonstrate that our proposed technique can efficiently manipulate the DLO into various shapes in few steps.
Card Sorting: Challenges in Mathematics during Emergencies and Crises
Authors: Paea Sione , Sharma Bibhya , Bulivou Gabiriele , Paea Mele Katea 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
What are the major challenges facing mathematics students in higher education institutes in the process of shifting from traditional face-to-face to emergency remote learning due to COVID-19? The research argues that a better understanding of challenges experienced by students in the unprecedented time of COVID-19 can help steer the institution in the right direction to sustain quality learning and student retention. This paper utilises open card sorting to explore the topic, and the combination of a similarity matrix and Hierarchical Clustering Method - 3D Cluster View algorithm to cluster and evaluate the card sorting data sets. Card names were initially drawn from the institution’s understanding of students’ experience and its pedagogies, resources, diversities and the socio-cultural dimension of learning during COVID-19. Participants were recruited from first-year mathematics students who had experienced the pressure of shifting from traditional face-to-face to emergency remote teaching while studying in a regional university in the South Pacific. The findings reveal the key role of student finances, motivation, online learning literacy, face-to-face interaction, course delivery, internet access, and home learning environment in understanding the challenges students faced during the pandemic. The novel findings provide new insights into learning analytics for the significant correlation between card sorting and emergency remote learning literature with respect to quality learning in a given pandemic.
Pattern of Uveitis at a Tertiary Eye Care and Training Center, North-West Ethiopia&nbsp;
Authors: Solomon Liya , Tsegaw Asmere 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objective: Uveitis can potentially cause irreversible ocular damage and blindness and knowing its characteristic clinical features is essential in making an accurate diagnosis and starting early appropriate treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical presentations of uveitis at the University of Gondar Tertiary Eye Care and Training center, North-West Ethiopia.METHODS: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted at University of Gondar tertiary eye care and training center from August 2017 to July 2018. Study patients underwent complete ophthalmic evaluation and relevant ancillary tests. Data was collected using a data extraction format and entered in to SPSS version 20 and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 105 eyes of 82 patients were studied. The mean age was 33.8±14.8 years (Range 7 to 80). Half of the participants (41/82) were in the age group between 19 and 39 years. Fifty three (65%) were male and uveitis was unilateral in 72%. Anterior uveitis was the commonest, 57%, followed by Intermediate uveitis 21.7%, pan uveitis 12% and posterior uveitis 10%. Twenty three percent of patients were bilaterally blind at presentation. Out of the 105 eyes involved with uveitis, 63% (66/105) were blind. Cataract was the commonest complication followed by ocular hypertension.CONCLUSION: This study showed that uveitis is prevalent in the working age group with significant number of blindness. Anterior uveitis was the commonest type of Uveitis and cataract was the commonest complication.
Self-perception: Does Obesity Influence Quality of Life
Authors: Zalihic Amra , Barbaric Maja , Mabic Mirela , Palameta Marnela , Maric Ankica Mijic , Grubisic Ana Marija , Pivic Gordana , Markota Nina Pinjuh , Markotic Vedran 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The number of obese and overweight people around the world rapidly grows and takes on epidemic proportions. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of body weight on quality of life and to investigate our patients' consciousness about their body weight and its impact on their quality of life.Methods : The cross-sectional study was conducted by interviewing 1067 respondents, using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire.Results : Out of 1067 patients, 684 were females. 65.5 % of patients had BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 . 21.7% of 699 patients who had BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 think that their increased body weight doesn’t affect their health, 27.9 % of respondents think that their overweight is unrelated to physical activity, 41.8 % of respondents have no problems purchasing the clothes due to their weight and 31.6 % of respondents with BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 think that it doesn’t affect their quality of life.Conclusion : Quality of life is significantly better in respondents with BMI <25 kg/m 2 . The alarming result is that slightly less than half of respondents think that overweight doesn’t affect their health and don’t understand the seriousness of the problem.
Chromium and nickel metal ions removal from contaminated water using Nigerian bentonite clay
Authors: Jock Alexander Asanja , Oboh Innocent Oseribo , Inyang Uwem Ekwere , Ganchok Lawrence Philippian , Adeku Ojo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this work, bentonite clay was characterized and investigated for the adsorption of chromium and nickel metal ions from aqueous solution. The clay, calcined at 650 °C, was characterized for physical, chemical and textural properties. Nickel sulphate hexahydrate (NiSO4.6H2O) and chromium tri oxide (Cr2O3) solutions were used as metal model compounds to evaluate the adsorption efficiency of the clay in a batch mode. The initial metal ions concentration ranged from 10 to 50 mg/L and the maximum removal efficiency was 99.40% for Cr (III) and 71.50% for Ni (II) metal ions. Langmuir and Freundlich models were utilized for the analysis of the adsorption equilibrium isotherm. The experimental data fitted well into the Freundlich model for Cr (III) with a regression coefficient (R2) of 0.996 and the Langmuir model for Ni (II) having an R2 value 0.994. The pseudo-second order kinetic model fitted well for both chromium and nickel and their adsorption from single metal solutions followed the order Cr &gt; Ni.
Highlight
The local clay has not been reported in any scholarly journal or publication. The removal of nickel and chromium using this clay has been found to be effective. The data obtained will form a baseline for references and learning purposes.
Will the Federal Budget for 2021–2023 Fiscal Years be Able to Ensure the Achievement of Strategic Goal and to Assure the Economic Security of the Russian Federation?
Authors: Karaeva I. V. , Kolomiets A. G. , Kazantsev S. V. 
Published: March 2021

The principles of drawing up the Federal Budget for 2021–2023, adopted in December 2020, are based on macroeconomic conditions. The probability to fulfill these conditions can’t be rated as high. In addition, these conditions ignore a number of significant threats to the economic security of the Russian Federation caused by; the continuation of the COVID-pandemic in 2021 and the increased risk of similar threats; the reduction of the trade balance; the continuation of the general reduced in the level of the Russian population’s well-being, and by the lack of resources for investments. It is also impossible not to draw attention to the fact that within the framework of the budget concept, they set up a task to ensure the growth rate of the national economy at the level of a stagnant three percent. Moreover, in the context of the ongoing development of the pandemic, the President of the Russian Federation postpones until 2030 the achievement of many important goals that they forecast to achieve by 2024. Therefore, the trend of a long-term policy of sluggish, and in principle decaying, economic development with the minimization of inflationary processes at the level of four percent is forming. At the same time, budgeted principles generate not only the direction and dynamics of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation, but the same pace and guidelines for the development of the subjects of the Russian Federation. But! Today, new trends in the development of a rapidly transforming post-pandemic economy require the search for new internal drivers of development, including financial ones, require a transition to a model of breakthrough economic growth at both at the federal and regional levels. The country is entering an economy that has other priorities. So, we need other rules of fiscal policy.
Integral Assessment of the Level of Marginalization of Regional Societies in Russia
Authors: Babkin R. A. 
Published: March 2021

The marginalization of society is one of the most acute problems of modern Russia leading to a slowdown of the development of social and human capital. World practice shows that the social atmosphere serves as a necessary environment for the self-realization of the individual and the disclosure of the natural potential inherent in it. The social background sets certain standards for a person’s self-expression, promotes the conversion of his talents in the economic and cultural spheres and it is an integral part of the process of forming a civil society. If modern education, high-quality medicine or high culture stimulate the development of human capital, then crime, poverty or social diseases, on the contrary, suppress its growth. The article shows the versatility of marginalization, explains its main causes and regional specifics. A system of indicators and a methodology for evaluating this phenomenon are proposed. The author presents an attempt to link a number of statistical indicators of social exclusion with the most striking characteristics of social marginalization. On this basis, a methodology for assessing the marginalization of regional societies is developed, the heterogeneity and regional specifics of this phenomenon are shown and the main factors of geographical, economic, cultural and institutional origin that cause reduced or increased values of marginalization are identified.
On the Threshold of a New Regionalization
Authors: Gligich-Zolotareva M. V. 
Published: March 2021

American and European federalism served as a real model in the construction of the domestic state system for a long time. It is difficult to deny that these were indeed the best known examples of the organization of the administration of geographically complex states. But the coronavirus pandemic has escalated old socio-political and economic contradictions. The regionalization become one of the trends in the development of the state in the era of coronavirus. It means that role of regions and municipalities become disproportionately sharp. As a result decentralization and even separatism have grown. Similar problems can lead to the undermining not only of the economy, but also of territorial and even political integrity in most countries. The situation of tension between the center and the regions concerned not only sufficiently well-established Federal state such as the US, but the so-called “regional states” – Great Britain, Italy, Spain, and even interstate associations represented by the European Union. Obviously, the well-studied models of federalism of Western countries can no longer be a reference point for Russia and other countries. We need own models of state-territorial structure.
Adverse Events of Interest Following Influenza Vaccination in the First Season of Adjuvanted Trivalent Immunization: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: de Lusignan Simon , Tsang Ruby S M , Akinyemi Oluwafunmi , Lopez Bernal Jamie , Amirthalingam Gayatri , Sherlock Julian , Smith Gillian , Zambon Maria , Howsam Gary , Joy Mark 
Published: March 2021

Background
Vaccination is the most effective form of prevention of seasonal influenza; the United Kingdom has a national influenza vaccination program to cover targeted population groups. Influenza vaccines are known to be associated with some common minor adverse events of interest (AEIs), but it is not known if the adjuvanted trivalent influenza vaccine (aTIV), first offered in the 2018/2019 season, would be associated with more AEIs than other types of vaccines.

Objective
We aim to compare the incidence of AEIs associated with different types of seasonal influenza vaccines offered in the 2018/2019 season.

Methods
We carried out a retrospective cohort study using computerized medical record data from the Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre sentinel network database. We extracted data on vaccine exposure and consultations for European Medicines Agency–specified AEIs for the 2018/2019 influenza season. We used a self-controlled case series design; computed relative incidence (RI) of AEIs following vaccination; and compared the incidence of AEIs associated with aTIV, the quadrivalent influenza vaccine, and the live attenuated influenza vaccine. We also compared the incidence of AEIs for vaccinations that took place in a practice with those that took place elsewhere.

Results
A total of 1,024,160 individuals received a seasonal influenza vaccine, of which 165,723 individuals reported a total of 283,355 compatible symptoms in the 2018/2019 season. Most AEIs occurred within 7 days following vaccination, with a seasonal effect observed. Using aTIV as the reference group, the quadrivalent influenza vaccine was associated with a higher incidence of AEIs (RI 1.46, 95% CI 1.41-1.52), whereas the live attenuated influenza vaccine was associated with a lower incidence of AEIs (RI 0.79, 95% CI 0.73-0.83). No effect of vaccination setting on the incidence of AEIs was observed.

Conclusions
Routine sentinel network data offer an opportunity to make comparisons between safety profiles of different vaccines. Evidence that supports the safety of newer types of vaccines may be reassuring for patients and could help improve uptake in the future.
Association between Postmortem Kidney Biopsy Findings and Acute Kidney Injury from Patients with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
Authors: Rivero Jesús , Merino-López Maribel , Olmedo Rossana , Garrido-Roldan Rubén , Moguel Bernardo , Rojas Gustavo , Chavez-Morales Alfonso , Alvarez-Maldonado Pablo , Duarte-Molina Pablo , Castaño-Guerra Rodolfo , Ruiz-Lopez Ivon Karina , Soria-Castro Elizabeth , Luna Cesar , Bonilla-Méndez Alejandro , Baranda Francisco , Zabal Carlos , Madero Magdalena , Valdez-Ortiz Rafael , Soto-Abraham Ma. Virgilia , Vazquez-Rangel Armando 
Published: March 2021

Background and objectives
AKI in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to identify the kidney histopathologic characteristics of deceased patients with diagnosis of COVID-19 and evaluate the association between biopsy findings and clinical variables, including AKI severity.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Our multicenter, observational study of deceased patients with COVID-19 in three third-level centers in Mexico City evaluated postmortem kidney biopsy by light and electron microscopy analysis in all cases. Descriptive and association statistics were performed between the clinical and histologic variables.

Results
A total of 85 patients were included. Median age was 57 (49–66) years, 69% were men, body mass index was 29 (26–35) kg/m2, 51% had history of diabetes, 46% had history of hypertension, 98% received anticoagulation, 66% were on steroids, and 35% received at least one potential nephrotoxic medication. Severe AKI was present in 54% of patients. Biopsy findings included FSGS in 29%, diabetic nephropathy in 27%, and arteriosclerosis in 81%. Acute tubular injury grades 2–3 were observed in 49%. Histopathologic characteristics were not associated with severe AKI; however, pigment casts on the biopsy were associated with significantly lower probability of kidney function recovery (odds ratio, 0.07; 95% confidence interval, 0.01 to 0.77). The use of aminoglycosides/colistin, levels of C-reactive protein and serum albumin, previous use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers, antivirals, nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs, and anticoagulants were associated with specific histopathologic findings.

Conclusions
A high prevalence of chronic comorbidities was found on kidney biopsies. Nonrecovery from severe AKI was associated with the presence of pigmented casts. Inflammatory markers and medications were associated with specific histopathologic findings in patients dying from COVID-19.
PREDSTAVLJANJE GLAGOLA U NEMAČKO-SRPSKIM ŠKOLSKIM REČNICIMA
Authors: Begenišić Dobrila 
Published: March 2021

In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden wir uns mit grammatischen Angaben zu den Verben in deutsch-serbischen Schulwörterbüchern befassen. Bei der Analyse gehen wir von der Tatsache aus, dass in den Schulwörterbüchern folgende Angaben zu den Verben angegeben werden sollten: Angabe der Konjugation, Perfektbildungsangabe, Verbvalenzangabe und Angabe der Reflexivität. Es wird auch die Form, wie diese Angaben dargestellt sind, analysiert. Für diese Forschung haben wir zwei Wörterbücher für die Grundschule und zwei Wörterbücher für die Mittelschule ausgewählt. Es handelt sich um die neuesten Ausgaben dieser Wörterbücher. Wir werden einen Vergleich zwischen den Artikeln in den Wörterbüchern für die Grundschule und den Artikeln in den Wörterbüchern für die Mittelschule im Hinblick auf die Behandlung der grammatischen Angaben bei den Verben machen und feststellen, ob die angeführten grammatischen Angaben der Zielgruppe und dem Schulalter der Schüler angepasst sind.
Rancang Bangun Klasifikasi Citra Dengan Teknologi Deep Learning Berbasis Metode Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Peryanto Ari , Yudhana Anton , Umar Rusydi 
Published: March 2021

Dengan berkembang pesatnya teknologi saat ini, mengakibatkan Deep Learning menjadi salah satu metode machine learning yang sangat diminati. Teknologi GPU Acceleration menjadi salah satu sebab dari pesatnya perkembangan Deep Learning. Deep learning sangat cocok digunakan untuk memecahkan permasalahan klasik dalam Computer Vision, yaitu dalam pengklasifikasian citra. Salah satu metode dalam deep learning yang sering digunakan dalam pengolah citra adalah Convolutional Neural Network dan merupakan pengembangan dari Multi Layer Perceptron. Pada penelitian ini pengimplementasian metode ini dilakukan menggunakan library keras dengan bahasa pemrograman phyton. Pada proses training menggunakan Convolutional Neural Network, dilakukan setting jumlah epoch dan memperbesar ukuran data training untuk meningkatkan akurasi dalam pengklasifikasian citra. Ukuran yang digunakan adalah 32x32, 64x64 dan 128x128. Proses training dengan jumlah epoch 40 dan ukuran 32x32 didapat nilai akurasi tertinggi yang mencapai 98,02% dan rata-rata akurasi tertinggi yaitu 97,56 %, serta akurasi sistem sebesar 96,64%.
Sistem Pakar Pendeteksi Kerusakan Pada Hardware Komputer Berbasis Android
Authors: Wardani Seli Yuliana Cita , Maulana Andry , Fauzi Ahmad , Fahrizal Fahrizal 
Published: March 2021

Komputer pada masa sekarang telah menjadi sesuatu yang sangat penting dan dibutuhkan. Namun penggunaan komputer tidak didampingi dengan pengetahuan tentang pemeliharaan komputer, sehingga ketika terjadi kerusakan perlu melakukan konsultasi kepada seorang ahli komputer untuk mengetahui solusi pada permasalahan tersebut. Namun cara ini tidak efektif dan kurang efisien, cara ini membutuhkan waktu dan biaya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah agar orang dapat mendiagnosis dan mengidentifikasi sendiri kerusakan yang terjadi pada hardware komputer tanpa memakan waktu dan biaya. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode Certainly Factor yang menggambarkan tingkat kepercayaan ahli terhadap kerusakan hardware. Perhitungan Certainly Factor berdasarkan nilai yang ditetapkan ahli dan nilai yang diinput oleh user. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa sistem dapat mendiagnosis dengan akurasi 67% untuk 7 jenis kerusakan dengan 19 gejala yang ada.
ANIMALISM IS EITHER FALSE OR UNINTERESTING (PERHAPS BOTH)
Authors: Duncan Matt 
Published: March 2021

Abstract“We are animals.” That’s what animalists say—that’s their slogan. But what animalists mean by their slogan varies. Many animalists are adamant that what they mean—and, indeed, what the true animalist thesis is—is that we are identical to animals (human animals, to be precise). But others say that’s not enough. They say that the animalist thesis has to be something more—perhaps that we are essentially or most fundamentally human animals. This paper argues that, depending on how we understand it, animalism is either false or uninteresting. If animalism is just the claim that we are identical to animals, then it is uninteresting. For it doesn’t provide an answer to the question it’s meant to address. On the other hand, if animalism entails a stronger claim, such as that we are essentially animals, then animalism is false. Either way, we should set animalism aside.