bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rheological Studies of Phenolic Resole Resin Incorporated with Modified Graphite Additives
Authors: Sekhar Nimmi C. , Varghese Lity Alen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAn understanding of rheology is vital in polymer processing as it depicts the complex molecular structures, viscoelastic nature, and dynamic mechanical properties of these macromolecules. In this study, graphite powder subjected to different steps of modification like H2SO4intercalation, silanization, and finally Fe3O4and BaFe12O19grafting was used. Changes in viscous behavior were obvious from the flow characteristics and dynamic mechanical properties of the composites. Viscoelastic experiments illustrated the effects of interfacial bonding of polymer and additives on the viscoelastic moduli. Different regression models were applied to the data points, and information regarding regression parameters like the power law exponent and the relaxation time was obtained.
4‐Temperatures Approach: Testing Thermochemical Heat Storage Materials Under Application Conditions
Authors: Hauer Andreas , Fischer Fabian , Rathgeber Christoph 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThermochemical heat storage offers the possibility to achieve high thermal energy storage capacities compared to sensible and latent heat storage. To quantify this advantage, thermochemical storage systems have to be evaluated under application conditions. The proposed 4‐temperatures approach delivers a first step toward a realistic testing of thermochemical working pairs. As an example, the approach is applied to testing the working pair zeolite/water under the conditions of the application of seasonal storage of solar thermal heat for domestic heating purposes.
Synthesis and Structure of a Series of Ti6‐oxo Clusters Functionalized by in situ Esterified Dicarboxylate Ligands
Authors: Gao Mei‐Yan , Sun Yayong , Wang Fei , Zhang Jian , Zhang Lei 
Published: January 2021

Main observation and conclusionIn this work, a series of titanium‐oxo clusters functionalized by in situ formed esterified ligands, Ti6(μ2‐O)2(μ3‐O)2(OiPr)10(O3P‐Phen)2(THAiPr)2 (PTC‐267; THA = cis‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydrophthalic anhydride), Ti6(μ2‐O)2(μ3‐O)2(OiPr)10(O3P‐Phen)2(PDAiPr)2 (PTC‐268 and PTC‐269; PDA = 3, 4‐pyridinedicarboxylic acid) and Ti6(μ2‐O)2(μ4‐O)2(OiPr)10(cat)2(THAiPr)2 (PTC‐270; cat = catechol), were successfully synthesized by one‐step solvothermal reactions. PTC‐267, PTC‐268 and PTC‐269 possess a similar {Ti6(μ3‐O)2(μ2‐O)2} core, while the core of PTC‐270 is composed of a unique {Ti6(μ4‐O)2(μ2‐O)2} unit. PTC‐268 and PTC‐269 occur as geometric isomers with each other. Furthermore, these complexes offer rare examples of dicarboxylate‐modified polyoxo‐titanium clusters (PTCs) with ester groups. This work not only offers an opportunity to gain an insight into the formation mechanism of PTCs, but also contributes to the exploration of optimal synthetic conditions for high‐nuclearity PTCs.
Opportunity for Genotype‐Guided Prescribing Among Adult Patients in 11 US Health Systems
Authors: Hicks J. Kevin , El Rouby Nihal , Ong Henry H. , Schildcrout Jonathan S. , Ramsey Laura B. , Shi Yaping , Anne Tang Leigh , Aquilante Christina L. , Beitelshees Amber L. , Blake Kathryn V. , Cimino James J. , Davis Brittney H. , Empey Philip E. , Kao David P. , Lemkin Daniel L. , Limdi Nita A. , P. Lipori Gloria , Rosenman Marc B. , Skaar Todd C. , Teal Evgenia , Tuteja Sony , Wiley Laura K. , Williams Helen , Winterstein Almut G. , Van Driest Sara L. , Cavallari Larisa H. , Peterson Josh F. ,   IGNITE Pharmacogenetics Working Group
Published: January 2021

The value of utilizing a multigene pharmacogenetic panel to tailor pharmacotherapy is contingent on the prevalence of prescribed medications with an actionable pharmacogenetic association. The Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) has categorized over 35 gene‐drug pairs as “level A,” for which there is sufficiently strong evidence to recommend that genetic information be used to guide drug prescribing. The opportunity to use genetic information to tailor pharmacotherapy among adult patients was determined by elucidating the exposure to CPIC level A drugs among 11 Implementing Genomics In Practice Network (IGNITE)‐affiliated health systems across the US. Inpatient and/or outpatient electronic‐prescribing data were collected between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2016 for patients ≥ 18 years of age who had at least one medical encounter that was eligible for drug prescribing in a calendar year. A median of ~ 7.2 million adult patients was available for assessment of drug prescribing per year. From 2011 to 2016, the annual estimated prevalence of exposure to at least one CPIC level A drug prescribed to unique patients ranged between 15,719 (95% confidence interval (CI): 15,658–15,781) in 2011 to 17,335 (CI: 17,283–17,386) in 2016 per 100,000 patients. The estimated annual exposure to at least 2 drugs was above 7,200 per 100,000 patients in most years of the study, reaching an apex of 7,660 (CI: 7,632–7,687) per 100,000 patients in 2014. An estimated 4,748 per 100,000 prescribing events were potentially eligible for a genotype‐guided intervention. Results from this study show that a significant portion of adults treated at medical institutions across the United States is exposed to medications for which genetic information, if available, should be used to guide prescribing.
A Simple Synthesis Method for Growing Single Crystals of a Copper Coordination Polymer [Cu(C2O4)(4‐aminopyridine)2(H2O)]n, and its Theoretical and Physical Properties Studies
Authors: Mathew George , Francis Sebastian , Rajak Neeraj Kumar , Praveen Sarojini Gopinathan , Tomy Chakkalakal Vardunny , Jaiswal‐Nagar Deepshikha 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis work reports on a novel and simple synthetic route for the growth of metal–organic crystal [Cu(C2O4)(4‐aminopyridine)2(H2O)]n of large size using the technique of liquid–liquid diffusion or layer diffusion. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction measurements revealed a very good quality of the grown single crystals with a small value 1.101 of goodness‐of‐fit R. Rietveld refinement done on powder X‐ray diffractogram obtained on few single crystals crushed together revealed a very small value of R as 3.45, indicating very good crystal quality in a batch of crystals. Density functional theory with three different basis sets generated the optimized geometry of a monomeric unit as well as its vibrational spectra. Comparison between experimentally obtained bond lengths, bond angles, IR frequencies, etc. suggests (B3LYP/LanL2DZ, B3LYP/6‐311++ G(d,p) basis set to describe the properties the best. Magnetic susceptibility measurements confirm the metal–organic crystal [Cu(C2O4)(4‐aminopyridine)2(H2O)]n to be a very good representation of a spin 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet.
Corporate social responsibility strategies and accountability in theUKand Germany: Disclosure of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender issues in sustainability reports
Authors: Parizek Katharina , Evangelinos Konstantinos I. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractOver the last decades there has been an increasing demand for transparency in the business sector. Companies produce corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports using standards like the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standard. Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people are confronted with discrimination in their professional life. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview on how LGBT issues are integrated into the CSR framework in the UK and Germany. 385 reports from 2017 were analyzed and rated with a scoring system. The key findings are that LGBT issues are not predominant in the CSR reports of either country. However, the disclosure of LGBT policies is significantly higher in the UK than in Germany. British organizations largely do not follow sustainability standards, whereas in Germany most organizations report using CSR standards. Moreover, the disclosure of LGBT issues varies on the basis of the organization size and the industrial sector.
An acetate‐yielding diet imprints an immune and anti‐microbial programme against enteric infection
Authors: Yap Yu Anne , McLeod Keiran H , McKenzie Craig I , Gavin Patrick G , Davalos‐Salas Mercedes , Richards James L , Moore Robert J , Lockett Trevor J , Clarke Julie M , Eng Vik Ven , Pearson Jaclyn S , Hamilton‐Williams Emma E , Mackay Charles R , Mariño Eliana 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesDuring gastrointestinal infection, dysbiosis can result in decreased production of microbially derived short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs). In response to the presence of intestinal pathogens, we examined whether an engineered acetate‐ or butyrate‐releasing diet can rectify the deficiency of SCFAs and lead to the resolution of enteric infection.MethodsWe tested whether a high acetate‐ or butyrate‐producing diet (HAMSA or HAMSB, respectively) condition Citrobacter rodentium infection in mice and assess its impact on host‐microbiota interactions. We analysed the adaptive and innate immune responses, changes in gut microbiome function, epithelial barrier function and the molecular mechanism via metabolite sensing G protein‐coupled receptor 43 (GPR43) and IL‐22 expression.ResultsHAMSA diet rectified the deficiency in acetate production and protected against enteric infection. Increased SCFAs affect the expression of pathogen virulence genes. HAMSA diet promoted compositional and functional changes in the gut microbiota during infection similar to healthy microbiota from non‐infected mice. Bacterial changes were evidenced by the production of proteins involved in acetate utilisation, starch and sugar degradation, amino acid biosynthesis, carbohydrate transport and metabolism. HAMSA diet also induced changes in host proteins critical in glycolysis, wound healing such as GPX1 and epithelial architecture such as EZR1 and PFN1. Dietary acetate assisted in rapid epithelial repair, as shown by increased colonic Muc‐2, Il‐22, and anti‐microbial peptides. We found that acetate increased numbers of colonic IL‐22 producing TCRαβ+CD8αβ+ and TCRγδ+CD8αα+ intraepithelial lymphocytes expressing GPR43.ConclusionHAMSA diet may be an effective therapeutic approach for fighting inflammation and enteric infections and offer a safe alternative that may impact on human health.
A dielectric resonator based line stripe miniaturized ultra‐wideband antenna for fifth‐generation applications
Authors: Mahmud Md. Zulfiker , Samsuzzaman Md , Paul Liton Chandra , Islam Md Rashedul , Althuwayb Ayman A. , Islam Mohammad Tariqul 
Published: January 2021

SummaryThis work presents an original dielectric resonator based line stripe miniature ultra‐wideband (UWB) antenna for 5G applications. The length, width, and height of the designed antenna are 23, 15, and 1.605 mm, respectively. The projected antenna prototype is composed of a simple line structure‐based modified scattered patch and a rectangular ground plane consisting of a saw tooth orientation in the upper end. A number of rectangular resonators are placed on both sides of the patch and ground to optimize the desired results. This technique ensures the lower operating band and made a significant improvement of efficiency without compromising the antenna size. The proposed design obtained the range of frequency bandwidth from 3.55 to 4.2 GHz under the −10‐dB scale, which covers the lower fifth‐generation (5G) communication band offered by Federal Communications Commission (FCC). The moderate gain and more than 80% radiation efficiency at a resonant point with strong fidelity factor confirms the usability and lower signal distortion of the antenna. The design offers an omnidirectional radiation pattern with 90° elevated directivity for cross polarization. This proposed design is compact in size and can be integrated into limited space around microwave circuitry with low manufacturing cost. The performance parameters like operating bandwidth, antenna size, and area of application, dielectric constant, fractional bandwidth, and omnidirectional radiation pattern were proposed as a suitable candidate for 5G application.
Life‐history theory provides a framework for detecting resource limitation: a test of the Nutritional Buffer Hypothesis
Authors: Jesmer Brett R. , Kauffman Matthew J. , Courtemanch Alyson B. , Kilpatrick Steve , Thomas Timothy , Yost Jeff , Monteith Kevin L. , Goheen Jacob R. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFor ungulates and other long‐lived species, life‐history theory predicts that nutritional reserves are allocated to reproduction in a state‐dependent manner because survival is highly conserved. Further, as per capita food abundance and nutritional reserves decline (i.e., density dependence intensifies), reproduction and recruitment become increasingly sensitive to weather. Thus, the degree to which weather influences vital rates should be associated with proximity to nutritional carrying capacity—a notion that we refer to as the Nutritional Buffer Hypothesis. We tested the Nutritional Buffer Hypothesis using six moose (Alces alces) populations that varied in calf recruitment (33–69 calves/100 cows). We predicted that populations with high calf recruitment were nutritionally buffered against the effects of unfavorable weather, and thus were below nutritional carrying capacity. We applied a suite of tools to quantify habitat and nutritional condition of each population and found that increased browse condition, forage quality, and body fat were associated with increased pregnancy and calf recruitment, thereby providing multiple lines of evidence that declines in calf recruitment were underpinned by resource limitation. From 2001 to 2015, recruitment was more sensitive to interannual variation in weather (e.g., winter severity, drought) and plant phenology (e.g., duration of spring) for populations with reduced browse condition, forage quality, and body fat, suggesting these populations lacked the nutritional reserves necessary to buffer demographic performance against the effects of unfavorable weather. Further, average within‐population calf recruitment was determined by regional climatic variation, suggesting that the pattern of reduced recruitment near the southern range boundary of moose stems from an interaction between climate and resource limitation. When coupled with information on habitat, nutrition, weather, and climate, life‐history theory provides a framework to estimate nutritional limitation, proximity to nutritional carrying capacity, and impacts of climate change for ungulates.
The evolutionary genetics of paternal care: How good genes and extrapair copulation affect the trade‐off between paternal care and mating success
Authors: Fitzpatrick Courtney , Ciresi Colette M. , Wade Michael J. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe investigate the evolution of a gene for paternal care, with pleiotropic effects on male mating fitness and offspring viability, with and without extrapair copulations (EPCs). We develop a population genetic model to examine how pleiotropic effects of a male mating advantage and paternal care are affected by “good genes” and EPCs. Using this approach, we show that the relative effects of each on fitness do not always predict the evolutionary change. We then find the line of combinations of mating success and paternal care that bisects the plane of possible values into regions of positive or negative gene frequency change. This line shifts when either good genes or EPCs are introduced, thereby expanding or contracting the region of positive gene frequency change and significantly affecting the evolution of paternal care. Predictably, a direct viability effect of “good genes” that enhances offspring viability constrains or expands the parameter space over which paternal care can evolve, depending on whether the viability effect is associated with the paternal care allele or not. In either case, the effect of a “good gene” that enhances offspring viability is substantial; when strong enough, it can even facilitate the evolution ofpoorpaternal care, where males harm their young. When nonrandom mating is followed by random EPCs, the genetic regression between sire and offspring is reduced and, consequently, the relative strengths of selection are skewed away from paternal care and toward the male mating advantage. However, when random mating is followed by nonrandom EPCs, a situation called “trading up” by females, we show that selection is skewed in the opposite direction, away from male mating advantage and toward paternal care across the natural range of EPC frequencies.
Oral sucrosomial iron improves exercise capacity and quality of life in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and iron deficiency: a non‐randomized, open‐label, proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Karavidas Apostolos , Troganis Efstratios , Lazaros George , Balta Despina , Karavidas Ioannis‐Nektarios , Polyzogopoulou Eftihia , Parissis John , Farmakis Dimitrios 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsOral sucrosomial iron (SI) combines enhanced bioavailability and tolerance compared to conventional oral iron along with similar efficacy compared to intravenous iron in several conditions associated with iron deficiency (ID).Methods and resultsIn this non‐randomized, open‐label study, we sought to evaluate prospectively the effects of SI on clinical parameters, exercise capacity and quality of life in 25 patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and ID, treated with SI 28 mg daily for 3 months, in comparison to 25 matched HFrEF controls. All patients were on optimal stable HF therapy. Patients were followed for 6 months for death or worsening HF episodes. There were no differences in baseline characteristics between groups. At 3 months, SI was associated with a significant increase in haemoglobin, serum iron and serum ferritin levels (all P ≤ 0.001) along with a significant improvement in 6‐min walked distance and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (all P < 0.01), even after adjustment for baseline parameters; these differences persisted at 6 months. Over the study period, there were no deaths, while 10 patients (20%) in total (four in the SI group and six in the control group), experienced worsening HF (odds ratio 0.51, 95% confidence interval 0.41–6.79, P = 0.482). Drug‐associated diarrhoea was reported by one patient in the SI group and led to drug discontinuation; no other adverse events were reported.ConclusionsIn this proof‐of‐concept study, SI was well tolerated and improved exercise capacity and quality of life in HFrEF patients with ID. Randomized studies are required to further investigate the effects of this therapy.
Exploitation of a novel slowly mutating Y‐STRs set and evaluation of slowly mutating Y‐STRs plus Y‐SNPs typing strategy in forensic genetics and evolutionary research
Authors: Liu Jing , Ming Tianyue , Lang Min , Liu Hai , Xie Minkun , Li Jienan , Wang Mengge , Song Feng , He Guanglin , Wang Shouyu , Wang Zheng , Hou Yiping 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Y‐chromosome short tandem repeats (Y‐STRs) loci with different mutation rates existing in the Y chromosome non‐recombination region (NRY) allow to be applied in human forensics, genealogical researches, historical investigations and evolutionary studies. Currently, there is a high demand for pedigree search to narrow the scope of crime investigations. However, the commonly used Y‐STRs kits generally contain Y‐STRs with high mutation rates that could cause individuals from the same pedigree to display different haplotypes. Herein, we put forward a new strategy of Slowly Mutating (SM) Y‐STRs plus Y‐SNPs typing, which could not only improve the resolution and accuracy of pedigree search, but also be applicable to evolutionary research. First, we developed a nine SM Y‐STRs assay by evaluating their mutation rates in 210 pedigrees. Then the gene diversity and efficiency of the SM Y‐STRs and 172 Y‐SNPs sets were investigated by 2304 unrelated males from 24 populations. Furthermore, network and time estimation analyses were performed to evaluate the new strategy's capability to reconstruct phylogenetic tree and reliability to infer the time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA). The nine SM Y‐STRs assay even had a higher resolution and a comparable capacity of revealing population genetic differentiation compared to 172 Y‐SNPs system. This new strategy could optimize the phylogenetic tree generated by commonly used Y‐STR panels and obtain a quite consistent time estimations with the published dating.
Neurodevelopmental origins of self‐limiting rolandic epilepsy: Systematic review of MR imaging studies
Authors: Smith Stuart D. W. , Smith Anna B. , Richardson Mark P. , Pal Deb K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveRecent neuroimaging studies have revealed differences in cortical and white matter brain structure in children with self‐limiting rolandic epilepsy (RE). Despite this, reproducibility of the findings has been difficult, and there is no consensus about where and when structural differences are most apparent. We performed a systematic review of quantitative neuroimaging studies in children with RE to explore these questions.MethodsUsing PRISMA guidelines, we used a multilayered search strategy to identify neuroimaging studies in RE. Publications were included if they were quantitative and derived from controlled group studies and passed a quality assessment. Findings of the studies were presented and stratified by duration of epilepsy and age of participants.ResultsWe identified six gray matter studies and five white matter studies. Consistent findings were found inside and outside the central sulcus, predominantly within the bilateral frontal and parietal lobes, striatal structures, such as the putamen and white matter, mainly involving the left superior longitudinal fasciculus and connections between the left pre‐ and postcentral gyrus. Stratification of the T1 studies by age found that cortical thickness differences varied between the under and over 10 year olds. Furthermore, the longer the duration of epilepsy, the less likely differences were detected. In white matter studies, there was a reduction in differences with increased age and duration of epilepsy.SignificanceThese findings would suggest that the development of regions of the cortex in children with RE is abnormal. These regions are more widespread than the suspected seizure onset zone. Moreover, the findings would suggest that these differences are evidence of neurodevelopmental delay rather than apparent “damage” from the epilepsy.