bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactions of Age and Blood Immune Factors and Noninvasive Prediction of Glioma Survival
Authors: Molinaro Annette M , Wiencke John K , Warrier Gayathri , Koestler Devin C , Chunduru Pranathi , Lee Ji Yoon , Hansen Helen M , Lee Sean , Anguiano Joaquin , Rice Terri , Bracci Paige M , McCoy Lucie , Salas Lucas A , Christensen Brock C , Wrensch Margaret , Kelsey Karl T , Taylor Jennie W , Clarke Jennifer L 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Tumor-based classification of human glioma portends patient prognosis, but considerable unexplained survival variability remains. Host factors (eg, age) also strongly influence survival times, partly reflecting a compromised immune system. How blood epigenetic measures of immune characteristics and age augment molecular classifications in glioma survival has not been investigated. We assess the prognostic impact of immune cell fractions and epigenetic age in archived blood across glioma molecular subtypes for the first time.

Methods
We evaluated immune cell fractions and epigenetic age in archived blood from the University of California San Francisco Adult Glioma Study, which included a training set of 197 patients with IDH-wild type, 1p19q intact, TERT wild type (IDH/1p19q/TERT-WT) glioma, an evaluation set of 350 patients with other subtypes of glioma, and 454 patients without glioma.

Results
IDH/1p19q/TERT-WT patients had lower lymphocyte fractions (CD4+ T, CD8+ T, natural killer, and B cells) and higher neutrophil fractions than people without glioma. Recursive partitioning analysis delineated 4 statistically significantly different survival groups for patients with IDH/1p19q/TERT-WT based on an interaction between chronological age and 2 blood immune factors, CD4+ T cells, and neutrophils. Median overall survival ranged from 0.76 years (95% confidence interval = 0.55-0.99) for the worst survival group (n = 28) to 9.72 years (95% confidence interval = 6.18 to not available) for the best (n = 33). The recursive partitioning analysis also statistically significantly delineated 4 risk groups in patients with other glioma subtypes.

Conclusions
The delineation of different survival groups in the training and evaluation sets based on an interaction between chronological age and blood immune characteristics suggests that common host immune factors among different glioma types may affect survival. The ability of DNA methylation-based markers of immune status to capture diverse, clinically relevant information may facilitate noninvasive, personalized patient evaluation in the neuro-oncology clinic.
Real-World Use of Bone-Modifying Agents in Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
Authors: Mitchell Aaron P , Mishra Meza Akriti , Panageas Katherine S , Lipitz-Snyderman Allison , Bach Peter B , Morris Michael J 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Bone-modifying agent (BMA) therapy is recommended for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer but not metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). BMA treatment in mCSPC may therefore constitute overuse.

Methods
In this retrospective cohort study using linked Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare data, we included patients diagnosed with stage IV prostate adenocarcinoma from 2007 to 2015 who were 66 years of age or older at diagnosis and had received androgen-deprivation or antiandrogen therapy. We excluded patients who had previously received BMAs or had existing osteoporosis, osteopenia, hypercalcemia, or prior bone fracture. The primary outcome was receipt of BMA (zoledronic acid or denosumab) within 180 days of diagnosis (emergence of CRPC within this time frame is unlikely). The secondary outcome was receipt of a BMA within 90 days. Exposures of interest included practice location (physician office vs hospital outpatient) and the specialty (medical oncologist vs urologist) of the treating physician.

Results
Our sample included 2627 patients, of whom 52.9% were treated by medical oncologists and 47.1% by urologists; 77.7% and 22.3% received care in physician office and hospital outpatient locations, respectively. Overall, 23.6% received a BMA within 180 days; 18.4% did within 90 days. BMA therapy was more common among patients treated by oncologists (odds ratio = 8.23, 95% confidence interval = 6.41 to 10.57) and in physician office locations (odds ratio = 1.33, 95% confidence interval = 1.06 to 1.69). Utilization has increased: 17.3% of patients received BMAs from 2007 to 2009 (17.3% zoledronic acid, 0% denosumab) and 28.1% from 2012 to 2015 (8.4% zoledronic acid, 20.3% denosumab).

Conclusions
Among patients with mCSPC who had no evidence of high osteoporotic fracture risk, more than one-quarter have received BMAs in recent years. This overuse may lead to excess costs and toxicity.
Prospective Cohort Study of Pre- and Postdiagnosis Obesity and Endometrial Cancer Survival
Authors: Kokts-Porietis Renée L , McNeil Jessica , Morielli Andria R , Cook Linda S , Courneya Kerry S , Friedenreich Christine M 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundDisease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) associations with anthropometric measures of obesity and changes in these exposures remain unknown among endometrial cancer survivors.MethodsEndometrial cancer survivors diagnosed between 2002 and 2006 completed direct anthropometric measurements and self-reported lifetime weight history during in-person interviews approximately 4 months after diagnosis (peridiagnosis) and approximately 3 years after diagnosis (follow-up). Participants were followed-up until death or March 20, 2019. Cox proportional regression was used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for body mass index (BMI), weight, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio with DFS and OS. Statistical tests were 2-sided.ResultsA total of 540 and 425 cancer survivors were assessed peridiagnosis and follow-up, respectively. During the median 14.2 years of follow-up (range = 0.3-16.5 years), 132 participants had a recurrence and/or died (DFS), with 111 deaths overall (OS). Reduced DFS was noted with greater recalled weight 1 year before diagnosis (HR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.15 to 3.07), BMI 1 year before diagnosis (HR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.09 to 3.22), and measured peridiagnosis BMI (HR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.18 to 3.53). Measured peridiagnosis waist circumference of at least 88 cm was associated with decreased DFS (HR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.24 to 3.03) and OS (HR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.16 to 3.13). A twofold decrease in DFS and OS was associated with a BMI of at least 5% or weight change from 1 year before diagnosis to peridiagnosis. No associations were observed for the assessment during follow-up.ConclusionsOne-year before- and peridiagnosis anthropometric measures of obesity were associated with reduced survival among endometrial cancer survivors. Anthropometric changes from 1 year before to peridiagnosis may provide an important indication of future survival in this population.
Children’s Interpretation of Sentences Containing Multiple Scalar Terms
Authors: Bill Cory , Pagliarini Elena , Romoli Jacopo , Tieu Lyn , Crain Stephen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Sentences containing the scalar term “some”, such as “The pig carried some of his rocks”, are usually interpreted as conveying the scalar inference that the pig did not carry all of his rocks. Previous research has reported that when interpreting such sentences, children tend to derive fewer of these scalar inferences than adults ( Noveck (2001); Papafragou & Musolino (2003); Guasti et al. (2005), among others). One approach to explaining these results contends that children have difficulties accessing the alternative sentences involved in the derivation of such scalar inferences. This ‘Alternatives-based’ approach raises the possibility that children’s performance may improve if certain scalar terms are presented together in the same sentence, for example, if a sentence contains both an existential quantifier and a universal quantifier, as in “Every pig carried some of his rocks”. Such ‘EverySome’ sentences have been associated with the inference that not every pig carried all of his rocks, as well as the stronger inference that none of the pigs carried all of his rocks (see Chemla & Spector (2011), among others). We present two experiments that explore the possibility that children might more readily derive scalar inferences from sentences containing such a combination of scalar terms. Experiment 1 investigates children’s interpretation of sentences containing only the quantifier some and replicates the previously established finding of fewer inference-based interpretations by children compared to adults. Experiment 2 explores children’s interpretation of sentences in which “some” is embedded under “every”, and reveals that adults and children access inference-based interpretations of such sentences at similar rates. Moreover, adults and children appear to differ with regards to which of the two possible inferences their interpretations are based on. We discuss the implications of the experimental results for our understanding of children’s acquisition of scalar inferences and for proposals that attempt to capture differences between adults’ and children’s interpretive preferences.
COVID-19 Pandemic: Mental Health in Girls With and Without Fragile X Syndrome
Authors: Jordan Tracy L , Bartholomay Kristi L , Lee Cindy Hsin-Yu , Miller Jonas G , Lightbody Amy A , Reiss Allan L 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective
Children and adolescents, who have less developed coping skills, are affected by natural disasters and other traumatic events differently than adults. Emotional and behavioral effects are particularly pronounced during a pandemic-related disaster, when support networks that typically promote healthy coping, such as friends, teachers, and family members, may be less available. Children and adolescents with fragile X syndrome (FXS), who are at increased risk for developing anxiety and depression, may be particularly vulnerable to behavioral or emotional difficulties during a pandemic. This study examined the mental health outcomes of school-aged girls with FXS during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated stay-at-home orders.

Methods
Participants included 47 school-aged girls with FXS and 33 age- and developmentally matched comparison girls. Associations between COVID-19 behavioral and emotional outcomes and prior academic, adaptive, behavioral, and emotional functioning as well as prior maternal mental health and characteristics of the mother–child relationship were examined. Qualitative data from the parental report of emotional and behavioral responses to the pandemic were also obtained.

Results
Results indicate that school-aged girls with FXS demonstrate a distinct profile of COVID-19 related associations compared to the comparison group, such that pandemic-related worries and emotional impact of pandemic restrictions were predicted by prior mental health factors for the comparison group but by prior social, behavioral, and relational factors for the FXS group.

Conclusions
Findings provide insight into factors that may confer risk or resilience for youth with special needs, suggesting potential therapeutic targets and informing public health initiatives in response to the pandemic.
Storm Clouds and Silver Linings: Day-to-Day Life in COVID-19 Lockdown and Emotional Health in Adolescent Girls
Authors: Silk Jennifer S , Scott Lori N , Hutchinson Emily A , Lu Celine , Sequeira Stefanie L , McKone Kirsten M P , Do Quyen B , Ladouceur Cecile D 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe examined risk and protective factors for emotional health problems in adolescent girls during the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated pre- to early-pandemic changes in symptoms of anxiety and depression, documented daily activities and perceived positive and negative impacts of the pandemic, and linked perceived positive and negative impacts of the pandemic to real-time changes in emotional health.MethodsThe study was a 10-day daily diary study with 93 U.S. adolescent girls (aged 12–17; 68% White non-Hispanic) at temperamental risk for anxiety and depression, conducted in April/May 2020 when all participants were under state-issued stay-at-home orders. Girls provided daily reports of positive and negative affect, depressive and anxious symptoms, activities, and positive and negative impacts resulting from the pandemic.ResultsGirls reported engaging in many activities that may contribute to well-being. Mixed effects analyses revealed positive impacts associated with improved same-day emotional health such as more time for family and relaxation and reduced pressure from school/activities. Negative impacts associated with poorer same-day emotional health included problems with online schooling, lack of space/privacy, lack of a regular schedule, and family conflict.ConclusionFindings highlight the importance of providing in-person or quality online schooling, resources and space for learning, promoting daily routines, and spending time with teens while reducing family conflict. The pandemic also appears to have offered many girls a respite from the chronic stress of modern teen life, with time to relax and engage in creative and healthy pursuits showing benefits for daily emotional health, which should be considered following the return to normal life.
Parents’ Experiences of Their Child’s Solid-Organ Transplant: A Meta-Ethnography of Qualitative Studies
Authors: McLoughlin Affraic , Wilson Charlotte , Swords Lorraine 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this paper was to conduct a systematic review and meta-ethnography of qualitative studies examining the experiences of parents adjusting to life after the solid organ transplant (SOT) of their child.

Methods
A systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify qualitative studies that examined this topic. The search retrieved 4,964 studies to review against inclusion criteria. A total of 21 studies were included in the meta-ethnography. A reciprocal translation was conducted to compare themes identified in each study. A line of argument synthesis was then conducted in order to integrate the similarities and differences between all of the studies into a new interpretative context.

Results
The synthesis identified four themes: (a) adjusting to life after transplant, (b) factors that facilitate adjustment, (c) factors that disrupt adjustment, and (d) changes caused by transplant. As a result of the synthesis, a new interpretation of parents’ experiences of adjusting to life after the SOT of their child was constructed. A summary figure is presented.

Conclusion
This review found that while parents may struggle to adapt to life post-transplant and the demands of caring for their child, the experience can also result in the development of new skills, a new appreciation for life, and viewing the self in a more positive manner. A better understanding of parental experiences will promote the development of more effective interventions for the adjustment of parents and families to post-transplant life.
Beliefs About Worry and Pain Amongst Adolescents With and Without Chronic Pain
Authors: Wainwright Elaine , Jordan Abbie , Fisher Emma , Wilson Charlotte , Mullen Darragh , Madhavakkannan Harini 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective
To explore beliefs about worries, beliefs about pain, and worries about pain held by adolescents with and without chronic pain.

Methods
Adolescents with and without chronic pain aged 14–19 completed an online survey with free text questions about pain and worry. We collected demographics and used the Penn State Worry Questionnaire and Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Children to contextualize the qualitative data, which was analyzed with reflexive thematic analysis.

Results
Eighty-one participants completed the survey, 36 with chronic pain and 45 without (mean age: 16.73). Compared to adolescents without chronic pain, adolescents living with chronic pain reported significantly higher general worry and pain catastrophizing. Thematic analysis generated two themes, “Worry changes perceptions of selfhood” and “Pain changes perceptions of selfhood.” Each theme comprised two sub-themes showing how current and future identity trajectories were distorted by worry and pain. The theme “Pain changes perceptions of selfhood” also included a third sub-theme: “Pain impedes future working choices.” Worry content as well as process was problematic in all adolescents. Adolescents experiencing chronic pain had specific, additional worries that pain reduces future career progression. These worries appeared highly salient and challenging.

Conclusions
Adolescents may need greater support in recognizing worry as part of normative development. Adolescents in pain may benefit from specific support identifying and reducing how pain-related worries interact with their futures and careers, and from school-based and vocational interventions to reduce the realistic risks they face negotiating modern labor markets.
Clinical Influenza Testing Practices in Hospitalized Children at United States Medical Centers, 2015-2018
Authors: Tenforde Mark W , Campbell Angela P , Michaels Marian G , Harrison Christopher J , Klein Eileen J , Englund Janet A , Selvarangan Rangaraj , Halasa Natasha B , Stewart Laura S , Weinberg Geoffrey A , Williams John V , Szilagyi Peter G , Staat Mary A , Boom Julie A , Sahni Leila C , Singer Monica N , Azimi Parvin H , Zimmerman Richard K , McNeal Monica M , Talbot H Keipp , Monto Arnold S , Martin Emily T , Gaglani Manjusha , Silveira Fernanda P , Middleton Donald B , Ferdinands Jill M , Rolfes Melissa A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
At nine US hospitals that enrolled children hospitalized with acute respiratory illness (ARI) during 2015-2016 through 2017-2018 influenza seasons, 50% of children with ARI received clinician-initiated testing for influenza and 35% of cases went undiagnosed due to lack of clinician-initiated testing. Marked heterogeneity in testing practice was observed across sites.
The use of soft contact lens for intraocular foreign body removal to avoid inadvertent cataract formation
Authors: Eid Maroun , Bou Said Reeda , Jarade Elias 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Ocular injuries carry a significant morbidity worldwide. Visual outcomes vary depending on the mechanism of injury, the damage on arrival and the surgical technique used. The presence of an intraocular foreign body further complicates matters, due to its constituents, the infectious potential, and/or damage to intraocular structures. Another described problem is the inadvertent cataract formation due to contact with the natural lens during removal of the foreign body. The purpose of this paper is to describe a case with a mechanical foreign body lodging in the posterior chamber without harming the lens. The surgical challenge was to remove it without causing cataractous changes. Therefore, a soft contact lens was used to form a protective layer between the foreign body and the natural lens of the eye allowing successful removal of the foreign body.
Endoscopic and surgical management of Bouveret’s syndrome complicated by gallstone ileus
Authors: Varre Jaya Sai , Wu Jin Ling , Hopmann Peter , Ruiz Oscar , Reddy Raghuram 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Bouveret’s syndrome is a rare complication that occurs most commonly in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. It is secondary to an impacted gallstone causing gastric outlet obstruction from a cholecystoduodenal fistula, and there is no defined standardized management in current literature. A 92-year-old woman presents to our tertiary community hospital with abdominal discomfort concerning for bowel obstruction. Computed tomography revealed pneumobilia with a cholecystoduodenal fistula and a large gallstone in the proximal duodenum causing gastric outlet obstruction. The impacted gallstone failed endoscopic extraction with electrohydraulic lithotripsy, and patient subsequently developed distal gallstone ileus requiring exploratory laparotomy and enterolithotomy. This case report examines the need for early coordinated endoscopic and surgical management of a patient with Bouveret’s syndrome complicated by gallstone ileus as it is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates.
Mixed serous and mucinous retroperitoneal cystadenoma: an extremely rare case
Authors: Khan Hotak Mirwais , He Mike 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Mixed serous and mucinous retroperitoneal cyst adenoma is an extremely rare condition as most of the reported cases in the literature are primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenomas and primary retroperitoneal serous cystadenomas. They are initially asymptomatic and become symptomatic gradually depending on their size and anatomical extension and location. We report a 49-year-old woman with a history of right-side abdomen pain for a few years. Diagnostic images revealed a large retroperitoneal cystic lesion. A laparoscopic resection was performed without spillage. The patient was discharged without complication postoperatively and no recurrence on follow-up. Surgical excision, either open/or laparoscopic without any spillage, remains the most effective and appropriate treatment for this lesion.
Primary pancreatic cancer of the jejunum: a case report and brief review of literature
Authors: Brigmon Erika P , Malik Mishel S , Malik Shazli N , Logue Alicia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The variable clinical presentation of heterotopic pancreatic (HP) tissue and its malignant transformation makes the diagnosis very challenging. These lesions are very rare, usually not suspected upon initial presentation and for the most part, are diagnosed incidentally on review of pathology following surgical resection. In this study, we are reporting an adenocarcinoma arising from jejunal heterotopic pancreatic tissue in a 59-year-old female and a brief review of previously reported cases.
The Etymology of Sabaic brṯ‘place’
Authors: Rendsburg Gary A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This article proposes an etymology for the common Sabaic word brṯ ‘place’, namely, via derivation from the nominalised prepositional phrase b‘in’ + ʾṯ r ‘place’, with two phonological shifts at play: (a) elision of the intervocalic glottal stop, and (b) metathesis of /ṯ / and /r/.
Reflections on the Suffix Conjugations in Semitic
Authors: Loesov Sergey 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Suffix conjugations (SCs) of East and West Semitic may not be traced back to the same verb form in Proto-Semitic. Rather, they evolved separately, by way of a ‘common drift’ in the two branches of Semitic. This is demonstrated, in particular, by a crass contrast, both in forms and diathetic meanings, between the SCs of East and West Semitic. Due to the scarcity of data, a gapless reconstruction of diachronic paths for neither of the two branches is possible. Only one thing remains certain: both the SC in East Semitic and non-passive forms of the SC in Central Semitic ultimately came about via verbalisation of adjectives, first primary and then deverbal ones.