bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation into a Homogenous Rock Slope Response Under Wide Frequency Seismic Loads Using a Large-Scale Shaking Table
Authors: He Jianxian , Zhan Zhifa , Qi Shengwen , Li Chunlei , Zheng Bowen , Yang Guoxiang , Guo Songfeng , Huang Xiaolin , Zou Yu , Liang Ning 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of input earthquake characteristics on the seismic response of a homogenous step-like rock slope. A sequence of shaking table tests was performed in a large-scale physical model with a size of 3.50 m, 0.68 m and 1.20 m in length, width and height, respectively. Results showed that the absolute peak ground acceleration motion amplification factor in horizontal direction (AAF-X) of upper part of the slope was amplified comparison with that at the slope toe while the absolute peak ground acceleration motion amplification factor (AAF-Z) acquired maximum value at the lower position of the slope. With the increasing of the excitation frequencies, the AAF-X around the slope crest increased firstly and then deceased, while the AAF-Z increased continuously. Seismic response of the slope showed strongest amplification when the normalized height of the slope H/λ (ratio of slope height to wavelength) was around 0.2 and AAF-X exhibited a decrease trend when H/λ was larger than 0.2. The AAF showed nonlinear tendency with the increases of the input amplitudes, especially near the shoulder of the slope. This phenomenon can be revealed by the relationship between the calculated resonance frequency or damping ratio of the slope and the amplitude of the input motion. The excitation amplitude has a “double-effect” on the seismic response of a step-like homogeneous rock slope. That is on the one hand, the larger the excitation amplitude, the stronger the acceleration intensity, the greater deterioration of rock slope structure or material and the larger damping ratio of the slope; on the other hand, more energy will be dissipated due to plastic deformation or particle friction of high damping ratio and weaker slope structure. These results could attribute to reveal the dynamic instability mechanism of the homogeneous slope.
Sudden Onset Oligohydramnios in Asymptomatic Covid-19 Disease: Case Reports
Authors: Mishra Rajesh Kumar , Kumar Sangeet , Mohapatra Sushin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 disease has adverse effects on both pregnant women and their fetuses. However the literature about the effects of this disease on placenta and its clinical implication is limited. Here we report two cases of severe oligohydramnios detected in asymptomatic patients with covid infection. In both of our patients, severe oligohydramnios was detected during routine antenatal check up in third trimester of pregnancy. Both the patients underwent cesarean delivery and delivered healthy neonates. The onset of oligohydramnios was noticed to be very fast and not associated with severity of symptoms of Covid-19 infection. It is recommended for increase in number of ultrasound examination in pregnant women positive for covid-19 infection in view of our findings.
Usefulness of Grayscale Values of Hypoechoic Lesions Matched with Target Lesions Observed on Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Prediction of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Kim Dong Gyun , Yoo Jeong Woo , Koo Kyo Chul , Chung Byung Ha , Lee Kwang Suk 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
INTRODUCTION:

To analyze grayscale values for hypoechoic lesions matched with target lesions evaluated using prebiopsy magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
METHODS

We collected data on 420 target lesions in patients who underwent MRI/transrectal ultrasound fusion biopsies. Images of hypoechoic lesions that matched the target lesions on MRI were stored in a picture archiving and communication system, and their grayscale values were estimated using the red/green/blue scoring method through an embedded function. We analyzed imaging data using grayscale values.
RESULTS

Of the 420 lesions, 261 (62.1%) were prostate cancer lesions. Grayscale ranges (42.6–91.8) were significant predictors of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPC) in multivariable logistic regression analyses. Area under the curve for detecting csPC using grayscale values along with conventional variables was 0.839, which was significantly higher than that for detecting csPC using only conventional variables (0.828; p = 0.036). Subgroup analysis revealed a significant difference for PI-RADS 3 lesions between grayscale values for benign and cancerous lesions (p = 0.008). Grayscale values were the only significant predictive factor (p = 0.005) for csPC.
CONCLUSIONS

Distribution of grayscale values according to PI-RAD 3 scores was useful, and the grayscale range (42.6–91.8) was an important factor for csPC diagnosis.
Hierarchical Porous Aero-Cryogels for Wind Energy Enhanced Solar Vapor Generation
Authors: Li Shuai , Yang Xiaochun , He Yingying , Wang Yanan , Liao Daogui , Chen Yunhua , Xie Huihong , Liu Hongxia , Zhou Li 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
An integrated aero-cryogel (A-CG) monolith with hierarchical porous structure was developed by inter-crosslinking of cellulose nanofiber (CNF)/polylactic acid (PLA) nanocomposite aerogel and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) cryogel. The photothermal nanoparticles-enriched CMC cryogel phase served as a sunlight absorbing layer, exhibiting a broadband sunlight absorption of 98%. Due to the large amount of weakly bounded water molecules, the swelled CMC cryogel possessed a lower evaporation enthalpy than that of pure water, which facilitates water evaporation, while the nanocomposite aerogel phase acted as an excellent thermal insulator and afforded highly efficient water transport channels. Thus, the developed A-CG monolith supported by insulated polystyrene foam to protrude above the water surface, could reach an evaporation rate of 2.16 kg m-2 h-1 under an irradiation of 1 Sun (100 mw/cm2) with an efficiency of 93.6%. More remarkably, when the wind energy was imparted, an evaporation rate of 5.67 kg m-2 h-1 was achieved at a wind speed of 3 m s-1. The high-efficiency purification outcomes of various raw water demonstrate the great potentials of A-CG material in solar vapor generation.
Assessment of Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Thinking Among Dental Students
Authors: Keshmiri Fatemeh , Owlia Fatemeh , Kazemipoor Maryam , Meybodi Fahimeh Rashidi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aim and background:

Diagnostic thinking is the ultimate goal of educational system and the basis for clinical reasoning. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical reasoning and diagnostic thinking ability of dental students by key features test and Diagnostic thinking inventory (DTI) questionnaire.
Materials and methods

The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The participants consisted of 61 senior dental students. Clinical reasoning and diagnostic thinking were assessed by key feature test and DTI questionnaire, respectively. To design the KF test questions, the blueprint of exam was first designed in expert panel based on dental curriculum. The questions developed based on common cases in oral and maxillofacial diseases by the group of oral and maxillofacial specialists. The DTI was developed by Bourdieu et al. in France and consists of 41 questions on a 6-point Likert scale, of which 21 are memory structure category and 20 are in flexibility in thinking category. Satisfaction of student assessed through a 10-item questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19 by descriptive tests (mean, SD, percentage) and student independent T-test and Pearson test. Significance level was determined p < 0.05.
Results

The mean scores of the key features test of students were 56.55 ± 7.80. No significant difference was reported between clinical reasoning scores of key features test by students' gender (p-value = 0.19). There was no significant difference between the scores of diagnostic thinking between men and women (p-value = 0.11). The difference in students' scores in the domain of flexibility in thinking was significantly higher among male students than female students. (P-value = 0.04). There was no significant correlation between students' diagnostic thinking scores and their clinical reasoning scores in the key features test.
Conclusion

Based on the present results, the clinical reasoning and diagnostic thinking skills of participants were reported in the low level. This issue emphasizes the need for training to enhance diagnostic thinking and clinical reasoning in dental education. Formative evaluation and reform the educational programs of this course should be considered.
Phytolith Content In Larix Gmelinii Forest Soils And Its Relations With Soil Properties
Authors: Wang Bing , Meng Meng , Zhang Qiuliang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aims

Phytolith occluded carbon (PhytOC) has become one of the important mechanisms of long-term carbon sequestration in soil. Ecosystems with higher latitude in the northern hemisphere are expected to face the largest loss of soil carbon due to global warming. The contributions of phytoliths storage in soil layers of cold temperate forest need to be studied in depth.
Methods

We examined soil phytolith contents and other soil physicochemical properties of Larix gmelinii forest soils in Daxing’anling. ANOVA was employed to analyze differences in the quantitative characteristics of phytoliths. Bivariate correlation, regression analysis, principal component analysis and redundancy analysis were employed to analyze the relations between soil phytolith and soil properties.
Results

The phytolith in Larix gmelinii forest soil was mainly in elongate shape with a mean content of 19.1 g kg− 1. The phytolith had a stronger correlation with phosphorus rather than potassium and nitrogen and had no correlation with soil water content, and the dominant factors were Na, Mg and K content. Soil phytolith storage in the cold temperate zone (41.0 t ha− 1) was significantly higher than that in the tropical and subtropical zone.
Conclusions

Phytolith is an important way for long-term sequestration of soil organic carbon. Soil phytolith storage is affected by soil physicochemical properties and climate. However, the acid-base level of soil is more important for phytolith preservation. The effects of hydrothermal conditions on the yield and stability of phytoliths on a large spatial scale need to be studied in future.
Comparison of Accuracy for HKA by X-ray and Knee Motion Analysis System and the Relationships between HKA and Gait Posture
Authors: Zhang Hui , Chen Yanan , Jiang Huiquan , Yan Wenqing , Ouyang Yuanming , Wang Wei , Liu Yaru , Zhou Ying , Gu Shiyi , Wan Hong , He Axiang , Mao Yanjie , Liu Wanjun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study is aimed at obtaining the accuracy of the lower limb mechanical axis (Hip-Knee-Ankle, HKA) by the six degrees of freedom (6DOF) of the knee and ground gait data and analyzing the correlation between the lower limb mechanical axis and 6DOF. We analyzed 3D knee kinematics during ground gait of 99 patients with KOA and 80 patients 6 months after the operations with the vivo infrared navigation 3D portable knee joint movement analysis system (Opti-Knee®, Innomotion Inc, Shanghai, China). Significant correlations with low coefficients (r = -0.19, p = 0.01) between HKA value and anterior-posterior displacement for the whole cohort were found. There were significant correlations with moderate to high coefficients (r = 0.784 to 0.976) between the comparisons of HKA measured on the full-length alignment radiographs and 3D knee joint movement analysis system (Opti-Knee). The further linear correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the values of HKA measured by X-ray and movement analysis system(R2 = 0.90, p < 0.01). Data with equivalent results as HKA could be provided by knee joint movement analysis system comparing with the conventional X-rays. Nonetheless, there was low significance between the HKA and ground gait data .
Prostate Biopsy in Young Patients with Hematospermia Without an Indication for Biopsy Contributed to the Early Diagnosis of Prostate Sarcoma: A Case Report
Authors: Yu Zhuoyuan , Yang Mei , Liu Xiaoyan , Xie Li , Tan Jiang , Wang Chunyu , Gao Fei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Prostate sarcoma is a rare group of prostate primary malignant tumors with a poor prognosis, and its early diagnosis is challenging. Here we report a case of early diagnosis of prostate sarcoma and summarize the clinical characteristics of this group of patients. Case presentation: We present a case of a 40-year-old male patient with prostate leiomyosarcoma having hematospermia as the initial symptom. His prostate-specific antigen was 2.97 ng/ml, magnetic resonance imaging showed a prostate nodule with possible bleeding at the lesion margins with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) category 2. According to the guidelines, prostate biopsy was not recommended, but we learned from our previous experience and still recommended him for prostate biopsy. With his consent, a combined prostate biopsy was performed, and he received an early diagnosis of prostate leiomyosarcoma 19 days after the initial symptom of hematospermia. Reviewing previous cases of prostate sarcoma patients at our medical center, we found that the best time for diagnosis and treatment were generally missed. Conclusions: Combination with magnetic resonance imaging is contributive to the early diagnoses of prostate sarcoma. Therefore, when young patients present with repeated hematospermia, even if they have normal prostate-specific antigen, it is important to be alert to the possibility of prostate sarcoma, and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging rather than ultrasound is recommended, and if MRI reveals prostate lesions, it is recommended to be biopsied regardless of PI-RADS categories, and a combined biopsy is recommended.
Smart Pooling: AI-Powered COVID-19 Informative Group Testing
Authors: Escobar Maria , Jeanneret Guillaume , Bravo-Sánchez Laura , Castillo Angela , Gómez Catalina , Valderrama Diego , Roa Mafe , Martínez Julián , Madrid-Wolff Jorge , Cepeda Martha , Guevara-Suarez Marcela , Sarmiento Olga L. , Medaglia Andrés L. , Forero-Shelton Manu , Velasco Mauricio , Pedraza-Leal Juan Manuel , Laajaj Rachid , Restrepo Silvia , Arbelaez Pablo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Massive molecular testing for COVID-19 has been pointed out as fundamental to moderate the spread of the pandemic. Pooling methods can enhance testing efficiency, but they are viable only at low incidences of the disease. We propose Smart Pooling, a machine learning method that uses clinical and sociodemographic data from patients to increase the efficiency of informed Dorfman testing for COVID-19 by arranging samples into all-negative pools. To do this, we ran an automated method to train numerous machine learning models on a retrospective dataset from more than 8,000 patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 from April to July 2020 in Bogotá, Colombia. We estimated the efficiency gains of using the predictor to support Dorfman testing by simulating the outcome of tests. We also computed the attainable efficiency gains of non-adaptive pooling schemes mathematically. Moreover, we measured the false-negative error rates in detecting the ORF1ab and N genes of the virus in RT-qPCR dilutions. Finally, we presented the efficiency gains of using our proposed pooling scheme on proof-of-concept pooled tests. We believe Smart Pooling will be efficient for optimizing massive testing of SARS-CoV-2.
Erythropoietin-Mediated Secretion of Transforming Growth Factor β1 by Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells is Negatively Regulated by Granulocytes via Secretion of Erythropoietin Receptors in the Milieu.
Authors: Kale Vaijayanti Prakash 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In our previous study, we demonstrated that bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BM MNCs) secrete copious amounts of Transforming Growth Factor β1 (TGFβ1) in response to erythropoietin (EPO). In this study, we investigated the principal cell type involved in the process. We found that a large percentage of various marrow cells, but not their mature counterparts present in the peripheral blood, express EPO-R. Cell depletion experiments showed that removing Glycophorin positive erythroblasts and CD41+ megakaryocytes – the prime suspects – did not affect the EPO-mediated TGFβ1 secretion by the BM MNCs. However, individual depletion of CD2+ T lymphocytes, CD14+ monocyte/macrophages, and CD19+ B cells affected the TGFβ1 secretion by EPO-primed MNCs: depletion of CD2+ cells had the most striking effect. Unexpectedly, and most interestingly, depletion of CD15+ granulocytes led to a significant increase in the TGFβ1 secretion by both naïve and EPO-primed BM MNCs, suggesting that these cells negatively regulate the process. Mechanistically, we show that the CD15+ cells exert this regulatory effect via secretion of both full-length and soluble EPO-R in the milieu. Overall our results, for the first time, unravel an in-built regulatory mechanism prevailing in the BM microenvironment that regulates the secretion of TGFβ1 by controlling EPO-EPO-R interaction. Our data could be relevant in understanding the pathophysiology of several conditions associated with deregulated production of TGFβ1 in the marrow compartment.
Clinical Characteristics of Geriatric Patients With Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Sakai Yoshihito , Wakao Norimitsu , Matsui Hiroki , Watanabe Tsuyoshi , Iida Hiroki , Watanabe Ken 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Although the prevalence and the associated burden of LBP increase with age, research on LBP has primarily focused on young people and adults, and little attention has been given to the elderly population. Chronic inflammation is well-known as senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which produces numerous proinflammatory cytokines leading to age-related inflammation. We enrolled 203 patients with an average age of 79.0 years, with non-specific CLBP; the patients were compared with age- and sex-matched controls without CLBP using a propensity score-matched analysis. We performed laboratory analysis, radiographic evaluations for global spinal parameter and lumbar degeneration assessment, and body composition analysis using whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We observed a higher red blood cell distribution width (RDW), as well as a lower skeletal muscle mass index and a higher fat mass in patients with CLBP. Moreover, patients with geriatric CLBP had significantly lower lumbar lordosis, and higher sagittal vertical axis was correlated with lower muscle mass in the extremities and trunk, independent of lumbar degeneration. Geriatric CLBP is associated with senescence. RDW, which is an index of aging, was high among elderly patients with CLBP. Furthermore, geriatric patients with CLBP often have age-related skeletal muscle mass reduction and spinal sagittal malalignment.
Ononin alleviates Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting ER stress through activation of SIRT3
Authors: Sun Shimin , Weng Jingfan , Yang Qi , Huang Xingxiao , Sun Zhenzhu , Lu Wenqiang , Chi Jufang , Guo Hangyuan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a powerful anthracycline antineoplastic drug, but the clinical application of DOX is seriously limited by its dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Ononin is a natural isoflavone glycoside and plays a key role in modulating apoptosis related signaling pathways. The aim of this study was to assess the possible cardioprotective effects of Ononin in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Materials and methods

Wistar rats were treated with normal saline, DOX with or without Ononin. After the last administration, cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography. Rats were then sacrificed for histological and TUNEL analyses, with immunological detection for β-actinin, Bax, Bcl-2, GRP78, CHOP and SIRT3. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to assess the myocardial injury markers. H9C2 cells were treated with vehicle, DOX with or without Ononin. Then, 3-TYP was used to find out the relationship between ER stress and SIRT3.
Results

Ononin treatment ameliorated DOX-induced myocardial injury as demonstrated by echocardiography. Ononin partially restored DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction, both LVEF and LVFS were increased under the cotreatment of Ononin. Ononin also inhibited DOX-induced ER stress and apoptosis in rat cardiomyocytes and H9C2 cells. DOX group had a higher Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, GRP78 and CHOP expression then control group, but Ononin treatment improved these results. This effect was associated with SIRT3 activity, moreover, selective inhibition of SIRT3 blocked the protective effects of Ononin.
Conclusion

In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that Ononin may protect against DOX-induced cardiomyopathy through ER stress both in vitro and in vivo. Ononin is able to protect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting ER stress and apoptosis, this effect may via stimulation of the SIRT3 pathway.
Exploring the Delay in the Informed Consent Procedures of Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Is It Worth the Wait?
Authors: Maimaitiming Mailikezhati , Ma Junxiong , Dong Xuejie , Zhou Shuduo , Li Na , Jin Yinzi , Zheng Zhi-Jie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Failure to achieve timely informed consent is the most important predictors of prolonged in-hospital delay in China. It is critically serious among patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), which is the deadliest and most time-sensitive acute cardiac event. Informed consent procedure always begins on ambulance before door still does not complete yet after the catheterization laboratory is ready for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), which results in delayed treatment and poor clinical outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with informed consent delay in patients with STEMI undergoing PCI, and its influence on in-hospital mortality.
Methods
We conducted a national-representative retrospective cohort study, drawing patient data reported by hospital-based chest pain centers, of admission between January 2016 and June 2019. Using generalized linear mixed models and negative binomial regression, we estimated factors independently predicting informed consent delay time. The associations of informed consent delay time, door-to-balloon (D2B) time and in-hospital mortality were analyzed by logistic regression, adjusted for patient characteristics.
Results
A total of 263,219 patients were enrolled in the analysis. Informed consent delay occurred in 44.7% (117,672) patients, of whom the median delayed time was 18.6 minutes (SD = 22.2). Patients with sustainable chest pain (RR: 1.032, p = 0.010), intermittent chest pain (RR: 1.083, p < 0.001), and dyspnea (RR: 1.096, p = 0.001) were more likely to delay informed consent. Among transfer modes, walk-in (RR: 1.165, p < 0.001), transfer-in (RR: 1.122, p < 0.001), in-hospital onset (RR: 1.248, p < 0.001) significantly correlated with extended informed consent delay time. The age of 35–64 years (RR: 0.941, p = 0.010) had a negative association with informed consent delay time. Informed consent delay was significantly associated with prolonged D2B time (OR: 1.148, p < 0.001), whereas there was no significant association between informed consent delay and in-hospital mortality.
Conclusion
Informed consent delay provokes prolongation of door-to-balloon time, which contributes to in-hospital delay that endangers STEMI patients. For better management of STEMI patients in emergent situations, it is essential to reduce the time of informed consent obtaining through effective patient-physician communication, and care coordination within and between hospitals.
Trial registration:
Retrospectively registered.