bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention for elementary school teachers: a mixed method study
Authors: Lensen J. H. , Stoltz S. E. M. J. , Kleinjan M. , Speckens A. E. M. , Kraiss J. T. , Scholte R. H. J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn the Netherlands, more than half of the teachers working in primary education experience high levels of work stress. Compared to other professions, teachers are more likely to drop out from work and develop mental illnesses. Almost one in five even choose a new profession within 5 years after starting as a teacher. This indicates an urgent need for interventions to reduce stress levels in teachers. However, few evidence-based effective interventions targeting stress and work-related problems in the primary educational system are available.AimIn the current paper, we describe the protocol for a randomized controlled study (RCT) comparing an 8-week mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) intervention with a wait list control condition in primary school teachers. We hypothesize that teachers who participate in the MBSR programme will report less stress (primary outcome) than those in the control group at post-test and at 3-month follow-up. We also expect a decrease in teachers’ absenteeism and improvements of mental health, teacher skills, classroom climate quality and the pupil-teacher relationship (secondary outcomes). Finally, we hypothesize that self-compassion, mindfulness skills and emotion regulation skills could mediate effects.Methods/designA mixed-method study will be conducted amongN=155 Dutch primary school teachers (grade 1 to 6). The quantitative study will be an RCT, in which teachers will be randomly allocated to the MBSR or waiting list control condition. Trial participants will not be made actively aware of their condition. The data analysts will be blinded. Online questionnaires will be sent to teachers before and after the MBSR programme, and at 3-month follow-up. Information about absenteeism will be collected. In the qualitative part of the study, we will interview teachers to examine their perceived effects of MBSR on their teaching skills, the classroom climate quality and the pupil-teacher relationship.DiscussionThis protocol paper describes a mixed-method study design with an RCT and a qualitative evaluation to evaluate an MBSR programme on perceived stress among primary school teachers. If the MBSR programme proves to be effective, it could be implemented as a programme to reduce stress and improve mental health and teaching outcomes in primary school teachers.Trial registrationNederland Trial Register NL. Registered on 19 November 2019—retrospectively registered,https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/8171
Effects of an exercise and sport intervention among refugees living in a Greek refugee camp on mental health, physical fitness and cardiovascular risk markers: study protocol for the SALEEM pragmatic randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gerber Markus , Colledge Flora , de Quervain Dominique , Filippou Konstantinia , Havas Elsa , Knappe Florian , Ludyga Sebastian , Meier Marianne , Morres Ioannis D. , Panagos Alexandros , Pühse Uwe , Ramadan Karim , Seelig Harald , Theodorakis Yannis , von Känel Roland , Hatzigeorgiadis Antonis 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Due to ongoing political and social conflicts, the number of international refugees has been increasing. Refugees are exposed to severe mental and physical strain, as well as traumatic experiences during their flight. Therefore, the risk of psychiatric disorders is markedly increased among international refugees. International organizations have criticized the lack of early interventions as a key problem, because untreated mental disorders are often difficult to cure at a later stage. Today, exercise and sport have been successfully employed to treat a wide range of psychiatric disorders. With patients with post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), very limited empirical evidence exists, and studies carried out with international refugees are nearly non-existent.

Methods
We intend to implement a pragmatic randomized controlled trial (RCT) with an exercise and sport intervention group (n = 68, 50% women) and a wait-list control group (n = 68, 50% women) in the Koutsochero refugee camp, located close to the city of Larissa (Greece). During the RCT, exercise and sport will be offered five times per week (60 min/session) for 10 weeks. Participants will be asked to participate in at least two sessions per week. The programme is developed according to the participants’ needs and preferences and they will be able to choose between a range of activities. PTSD symptoms will serve as primary outcome, and several secondary outcomes will be assessed. Qualitative data collection methods will be used to gain a more in-depth appraisal of the participants’ perception of the intervention programme. In the second year of study, the programme will be opened to all camp residents. A strategy will be developed how the programme can be continued after the end of the funding period, and how the programme can be scaled up beyond the borders of the Koutsochero camp.

Discussion
By moving towards the primary prevention of chronic physical conditions and psychiatric disorders, a relevant contribution can be done to enhance the quality and quantity of life of refugee camp residents in Greece. Our findings may also strengthen the evidence for exercise as medicine as a holistic care option in refugee camps, by helping camp residents to adopt and maintain a physically active lifestyle.

Trial registration
The study was registered prospectively on the 8 February 2021 with ISRCTN https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN16291983
First report of the L1014F kdr mutation in wild populations of Anopheles arabiensis in Cabo Verde, West Africa
Authors: da Cruz Derciliano Lopes , Paiva Marcelo Henrique Santos , Guedes Duschinka Ribeiro Duarte , de Souza Gomes Elainne Christine , Pires Silvia Gonçalves , Gomez Lara Ferrero , Ayres Constância Flávia Junqueira 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Due to the lack of vaccines, malaria control mainly involves the control of anopheline vectors (Anopheles spp.) using chemical insecticides. However, the prolonged and indiscriminate use of these compounds has led to the emergence of resistance in Anopheles populations in Africa. Insecticide resistance surveillance programs are less frequent in Cabo Verde than in other African countries. This study aimed to investigate the circulation of the L1014F and L1014S alleles in natural populations of Anopheles arabiensis collected from two sampling sites in the city of Praia, Cabo Verde.

Methods
Anopheles larvae were collected from the two sampling sites and reared in the laboratory until the adult stage. Mosquitoes were first morphologically identified by classical taxonomy and then by molecular species identification using molecular markers. All Anopheles arabiensis were subjected to PCR analysis to screen for mutations associated to resistance in the Nav gene.

Results
A total of 105 mosquitoes, all belonging to the Anopheles gambiae complex, were identified by classical taxonomy as well as by molecular taxonomy. Molecular identification showed that 100% of the An. gambiae senso lato specimens analyzed corresponded to An. arabiensis. Analysis of the Nav gene revealed the presence of L1014S and L1014F alleles with frequencies of 0.10 and 0.19, respectively.

Conclusions
Our data demonstrated, for the first time, the presence of the L1014F allele in the An. arabiensis population from Cabo Verde, as well as an increase in the frequency of the kdr L1014S allele reported in a previous study. The results of this study demonstrate the need to establish new approaches in vector control programs in Cabo Verde.

Graphical Abstract
Quantitative analysis of metal artifact reduction in total hip arthroplasty using virtual monochromatic imaging and orthopedic metal artifact reduction, a phantom study
Authors: Selles Mark , Stuivenberg Vera H. , Wellenberg Ruud H. H. , van de Riet Loes , Nijholt Ingrid M. , van Osch Jochen A. C. , van Hamersvelt Robbert W. , Leiner Tim , Boomsma Martijn F. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective
To quantify metal artifact reduction using 130 keV virtual monochromatic imaging (VMI) with and without orthopedic metal artifact reduction (O-MAR) in total hip arthroplasty.

Methods
Conventional polychromatic images and 130 keV VMI of a phantom with pellets representing bone with unilateral or bilateral prostheses were reconstructed with and without O-MAR on a dual-layer CT. Pellets were categorized as unaffected, mildly affected and severely affected.

Results
When 130 keV VMI with O-MAR was compared to conventional imaging with O-MAR, a relative metal artifact reduction in CT values, contrast-to-noise (CNR), signal-to-noise (SNR) and noise in mildly affected pellets (67%, 74%, 48%, 68%, respectively; p < 0.05) was observed but no significant relative metal artifact reduction in severely affected pellets. Comparison between 130 keV VMI without O-MAR and conventional imaging with O-MAR showed relative metal artifact reduction in CT values, CNR, SNR and noise in mildly affected pellets (92%, 72%, 38%, 51%, respectively; p < 0.05) but negative relative metal artifact reduction in CT values and noise in severely affected pellets (− 331% and -223%, respectively; p < 0.05), indicating aggravation of metal artifacts.

Conclusion
Overall, VMI of 130 keV with O-MAR provided the strongest metal artifact reduction.
Targeted integration of EpCAM-specific CAR in human induced pluripotent stem cells and their differentiation into NK cells
Authors: Tang Shin Yi , Zha Shijun , Du Zhicheng , Zeng Jieming , Zhu Detu , Luo Yumei , Wang Shu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Redirection of natural killer (NK) cells with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) is attractive in developing off-the-shelf CAR therapeutics for cancer treatment. However, the site-specific integration of a CAR gene into NK cells remains challenging.

Methods
In the present study, we genetically modified human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with a zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) technology to introduce a cDNA encoding an anti-EpCAM CAR into the adeno-associated virus integration site 1, a “safe harbour” for transgene insertion into human genome, and next differentiated the modified iPSCs into CAR-expressing iNK cells.

Results
We detected the targeted integration in 4 out of 5 selected iPSC clones, 3 of which were biallelically modified. Southern blotting analysis revealed no random integration events. iNK cells were successfully derived from the modified iPSCs with a 47-day protocol, which were morphologically similar to peripheral blood NK cells, displayed NK phenotype (CD56+CD3-), and expressed NK receptors. The CAR expression of the iPSC-derived NK cells was confirmed with RT-PCR and flow cytometry analysis. In vitro cytotoxicity assay further confirmed their lytic activity against NK cell-resistant, EpCAM-positive cancer cells, but not to EpCAM-positive normal cells, demonstrating the retained tolerability of the CAR-iNK cells towards normal cells.

Conclusion
Looking ahead, the modified iPSCs generated in the current study hold a great potential as a practically unlimited source to generate anti-EpCAM CAR iNK cells.
Novel chicken two-dimensional intestinal model comprising all key epithelial cell types and a mesenchymal sub-layer
Authors: Orr Brigid , Sutton Kate , Christian Sonja , Nash Tessa , Niemann Helle , Hansen Lone Lind , McGrew Mike J. , Jensen Stina Rikke , Vervelde Lonneke 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe intestinal epithelium plays a variety of roles including providing an effective physical barrier and innate immune protection against infection. Two-dimensional models of the intestinal epithelium, 2D enteroids, are a valuable resource to investigate intestinal cell biology and innate immune functions and are suitable for high throughput studies of paracellular transport and epithelial integrity. We have developed a chicken 2D enteroid model that recapitulates all major differentiated cell lineages, including enterocytes, Paneth cells, Goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells and leukocytes, and self-organises into an epithelial and mesenchymal sub-layer. Functional studies demonstrated the 2D enteroids formed a tight cell layer with minimal paracellular flux and a robust epithelial integrity, which was maintained or rescued following damage. The 2D enteroids were also able to demonstrate appropriate innate immune responses following exposure to bacterial endotoxins, from Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium and Bacillus subtilis. Frozen 2D enteroids cells when thawed were comparable to freshly isolated cells. The chicken 2D enteroids provide a useful ex vivo model to study intestinal cell biology and innate immune function, and have potential uses in screening of nutritional supplements, pharmaceuticals, and bioactive compounds.
Causes of acute respiratory failure in patients with small-vessel vasculitis admitted to intensive care units: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Gibelin Aude , Dumas Guillaume , Valade Sandrine , de Chambrun Marc Pineton , Bagate François , Neuville Mathilde , Schneider Francis , Baboi Loredana , Groh Matthieu , Raphalen Jean-Herlé , Chiche Jean-Daniel , De Prost Nicolas , Luyt Charles-Edouard , Guérin Claude , Maury Eric , de Montmollin Etienne , Hertig Alexandre , Parrot Antoine , Clere-Jehl Raphaël , Fartoukh Muriel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Rationale
Acute respiratory failure (ARF) in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with known or de novo small-vessel vasculitis (Svv) may be secondary to the underlying immune disease or to other causes. Early identification of the cause of ARF is essential to initiate the most appropriate treatment in a timely fashion.

Methods
A retrospective multicenter study in 10 French ICUs from January 2007 to January 2018 to assess the clinical presentation, main causes and outcome of ARF associated with Svv, and to identify variables associated with non-immune etiology of ARF in patients with known Svv.

Results
During the study period, 121 patients [62 (50–75) years; 62% male; median SAPSII and SOFA scores 39 (27–52) and 6 (4–8), respectively] were analyzed. An immune cause was identified in 67 (55%), and a non-immune cause in 54 (45%) patients. ARF was associated with several causes in 43% (n  = 52) of cases. The main immune cause was diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) (n  = 47, 39%), whereas the main non-immune cause was pulmonary infection (n  = 35, 29%). The crude 90-day and 1-year mortality were higher in patients with non-immune ARF, as compared with their counterparts (32% and 38% vs. 15% and 20%, respectively; both p  = 0.03), but was marginally significantly higher after adjusted analysis in a Cox model (p  = 0.053).
Among patients with a known Svv (n  = 70), immunosuppression [OR 9.41 (1.52–58.3); p  = 0.016], and a low vasculitis activity score [0.84 (0.77–0.93)] were independently associated with a non-immune cause, after adjustment for the time from disease onset to ARF, time from respiratory symptoms to ICU admission, and severe renal failure.

Conclusions
An extensive diagnosis workup is mandatory in ARF revealing or complicating Svv. Non-immune causes are involved in 43% of cases, and their short and mid-term prognosis may be poorer than those of immune ARF. Readily identified predictive factors of a non-immune cause could help avoiding unnecessary immunosuppressive therapies.
Comparison of COVID-19 outcomes in organ transplant recipients (OTr) and non-transplant patients: a study protocol for rapid review
Authors: Lerner Alexis H. , Klein Elizabeth J. , Hardesty Anna , Panagiotou Orestis A. , Misquith Chelsea , Farmakiotis Dimitrios 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated the global community with nearly 4.9 million deaths as of October 2021. While organ transplant (OT) recipients (OTr) may be at increased risk for severe COVID-19 due to their chronic immunocompromised state, outcomes for OTr with COVID-19 remain disputed in the literature. This review will examine whether OTr with COVID-19 are at higher risk for severe illness and death than non-immunocompromised individuals.

Methods
MEDLINE (via Ovid and PubMed) and EMBASE (via Embase.com) will be searched from December 2019 to October 2021 for observational studies (including cohort and case-control) that compare COVID-19 clinical outcomes in OTr to those in individuals without history of OT. The primary outcome of interest will be mortality as defined in each study, with possible further analyses of in-hospital mortality, 28 or 30-day mortality, and all-cause mortality versus mortality attributable to COVID-19. The secondary outcome of interest will be the severity of COVID-19 disease, most frequently defined as requiring intensive care unit admission or mechanical ventilation. Two reviewers will independently screen all abstracts and full-text articles. Potential conflicts will be resolved by a third reviewer and potentially discussion among all investigators. Methodological quality will be appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. If data permit, we will perform random-effects meta-analysis with the Sidik-Jonkman estimator and the Hartung-Knapp adjustment for confidence intervals to estimate a summary measure of association between histories of transplant with each outcome. Potential sources of heterogeneity will be explored using meta-regression. Additional analyses will be conducted to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity (e.g., subgroup analysis) considering least minimal adjustment for confounders.

Discussion
This rapid review will assess the available evidence on whether OTr diagnosed with COVID-19 are at higher risk for severe illness and death compared to non-immunocompromised individuals. Such knowledge is clinically relevant and may impact risk stratification, allocation of organs and healthcare resources, and organ transplantation protocols during this, and future, pandemics.

Systematic review registration
Open Science Framework (OSF) registration DOI: 10.17605/osf.io/4n9d7.
Special functions-based solutions of unsteady convective flow of a MHD Maxwell fluid for ramped wall temperature and velocity with concentration
Authors: Riaz Muhammad Bilal , Awrejcewicz Jan , Rehman Aziz Ur , Abbas Muhammad 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this paper a new approach is taken to find the exact solutions for generalized unsteady magnetohydrodynamic transport of a rate-type fluid near an unbounded upright plate and is analyzed for ramped wall temperature and velocity with constant concentration. The vertical plate is suspended in a porous medium and encounters radiation effects. Solutions based on special functions are obtained using an integral transform for an unsteady MHD Maxwell fluid in the presence of ramped velocity, temperature and constant concentration. The relations for Nusselt number and skin-friction coefficient are efficiently computed to precisely estimate the rate of heat transfer at the boundary and the shear stress. Results are also discussed in detail and demonstrated graphically using software to comprehensively analyze the dynamics of the proposed problem, and the physical impact of several system parameters, such as magnetic field M, Prandtl number Pr, the relaxation time λ, dimensionless time τ, Schmidt number Sc, Mass and Thermal Grashof numbers Gm and Gr, respectively, is studied. Furthermore, solutions for some recently published work are compared with the current study that endorses the authenticity of our derived results and proves that those investigations are limiting or special cases of the current problem.
Role of Newtonian heating on a Maxwell fluid via special functions: memory impact of local and nonlocal kernels
Authors: Iftikhar Nazish , Javed Fatima , Riaz Muhammad Bilal , Abbas Muhammad , Alsharif Abdullah M. , Hamed Y. S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe impact of Newtonian heating on a time-dependent fractional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Maxwell fluid over an unbounded upright plate is investigated. The equations for heat, mass and momentum are established in terms of Caputo (C), Caputo–Fabrizio (CF) and Atangana–Baleanu (ABC) fractional derivatives. The solutions are evaluated by employing Laplace transforms. The change in the momentum profile due to variability in the values of parameters is graphically illustrated for all three C, CF and ABC models. The ABC model has proficiently revealed a memory effect.
On a degenerate parabolic equation from double phase convection
Authors: Zhan Huashui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe initial-boundary value problem of a degenerate parabolic equation arising from double phase convection is considered. Let $a(x)$
a
(
x
)
and $b(x)$
b
(
x
)
be the diffusion coefficients corresponding to the double phase respectively. In general, it is assumed that $a(x)+b(x)>0$
a
(
x
)
+
b
(
x
)
>
0
, $x\in \overline{\Omega }$
x
∈

Ω
‾

and the boundary value condition should be imposed. In this paper, the condition $a(x)+b(x)>0$
a
(
x
)
+
b
(
x
)
>
0
, $x\in \overline{\Omega }$
x
∈

Ω
‾

is weakened, and sometimes the boundary value condition is not necessary. The existence of a weak solution u is proved by parabolically regularized method, and $u_{t}\in L^{2}(Q_{T})$

u
t

∈

L
2

(

Q
T

)
is shown. The stability of weak solutions is studied according to the different integrable conditions of $a(x)$
a
(
x
)
and $b(x)$
b
(
x
)
. To ensure the well-posedness of weak solutions, the classical trace is generalized, and that the homogeneous boundary value condition can be replaced by $a(x)b(x)|_{x\in \partial \Omega }=0$
a
(
x
)
b
(
x
)

|

x
∈
∂
Ω

=
0
is found for the first time.
Internalization of stigma among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in Nigeria: a mixed method study
Authors: Oduyemi Aminat Y. , Okafor Ifeoma P. , Eze Ugochukwu T. , Akodu Babatunde A. , Roberts Alero A. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Autism Spectrum disorder (ASD) has uniquely stigmatizing aspects because children with ASD have no physical markers of their condition. Parents are usually blamed and judgment from others is often internalized (felt stigma).

Aim
This study was conducted to determine knowledge about ASD, negative experiences (enacted stigma), internalization of stigma (felt or self stigma) and its correlates among parents of children with ASD in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study of 230 parents in Lagos, Nigeria employing mixed-method data collection methods. Quantitative data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed with Epi- Info™ version 7.0 statistical package. Data were summarized with proportions, mean and standard deviation. Chi square and Spearman’s correlation tests were done, and the level of significance was pre-determined at 5% (p < 0.05). In-depth interviews were also conducted among six parents to further explore the topic. The interviews were analyzed narratively.

Results
The proportion of mothers and fathers were 175 (76.1%) and 55 (23.9%) respectively. The mean age of respondents was 42 ± 8.5 years. Overall knowledge of ASD was very poor as only 3(1.3%) had good knowledge. Overall, 122(53%) usually had negative experience of parenting a child with ASD (enacted stigma), mothers (17.1%) more than fathers (9.1%). Majority 192(83.5%) internalized stigma. There was a low–moderate correlation between ‘enacted’ stigma and ‘internalized’ stigma (ρ- 0.400, p < 0.001). From in-depth interviews, many parents revealed that their child’s condition had negative effects on the family. Many also recounted negative experience of stigma.

Conclusion
Overall, parents of children with ASD had poor knowledge of the condition. Majority internalized stigma and this increases with negative treatment from others. Parents should be properly educated about ASD. Community-based education to increase awareness about ASD in addition to encouraging people to show empathy and reduce stigmatizing behaviour towards parents of children with ASD are recommended.