bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Open surgical approach to management of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis
Authors: C. Sunil K. , Y. Praveen Kumar B. , Bhoomannavar Ramesh , Jain Rishabh 
Published: December 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background: </strong>Since December 2019, when novel corona virus (COVID 19) was reported, it has spread widely to cause a pandemic. Rhino-orbito-cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM), an opportunistic fungal infection caused by the order Mucorales and class Zygomycetes has led to an epidemic in our country.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cross sectional study was conducted at a 1200 bed tertiary care teaching hospital in Mysore. All patients of ROCM who presented to us for treatment were selected for the study after informed consent. Only those patients who were operated via open approach were included.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Median age of the patients was 50 years (SD±10). 49 were male patients (67.1%). Diabetes mellitus was the most common underlying co-morbidity seen in 71 patients (97.3%). Facial pain (100%) and facial swelling (90.4%) were the most common presenting complaint. KOH positivity from nasal swab for Mucormycosis was positive in only 37 patients (50.7%). Traditional inaccessible areas to endoscope like the premaxilla, lateral orbit cavity, infra temporal fossa and hard palate were tackled by the open surgical approach route. Advantages of open surgical approach being the access to areas which are traditionally difficult to approach via the endoscope, aggressive debridement is possible which might be challenging endoscopically. Complications like wound dehiscence, oro-antral fistula, osteomyelitis and abscess were noted in our study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Open surgical approach offers a very viable, affordable and a very effective means for aggressive surgical debridement of infection and reduce mortality associated with ROCM.</p><p> </p>
Evaluation of drug utilization pattern, quality of life and pharmaco-economics in patients of contact dermatitis: a prospective observational study
Authors: Harkhani Jolly M. , Jagati Ashish , Tiwari Hemant , Sood Shikha V. , Malhotra Supriya D. 
Published: December 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background: </strong>Contact dermatitis (CD) is a common inflammatory skin condition due to T-cell mediated immune reaction on exposure to different allergens. The disease significantly affects Quality of Life (QoL) and all over impact can be seen in Pharmacoeconomics.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods: </strong>This is the prospective observational study done between October 2019 to February 2020 at Dermatology outpatient department (OPD) of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Patients diagnosed with CD aged eighteen years or older of either gender and willing to give written consent were included in study. The impact of CD on the QoL of affected persons was assessed using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Direct, indirect and total cost as well as percentage variation in cost of individual drugs was calculated for Pharmacoeconomics analysis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The study population consisted of 180 patients. The most commonly prescribed drugs were corticosteroids (47.44%). The average score of DLQI at baseline was 8.97±4.85. The DLQI score was significantly more impaired in women as compared to men (12.91versus 4.93) (p=0.0001). Average income per month was 11,611.11±230.34₹. The average direct, indirect and total cost was 131.55±70.55 ₹, 136.44±16.93 ₹ and 168.11±74.08₹ respectively. The percentage variation of cost was largest for prednisolone 5 mg tablet and least for clobetasol cream (0.05%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The impact of CD on QoL and Pharmacoeconomic burden is significant and requires specific attention in health care facilities. </p>
Atopic dermatitis and its association with serum immunoglobulin E levels: our experience in KVG medical college and hospital, Karnataka
Authors: K. Priyanka , R. Abhirup H. , N. Badrinath , C. Aishwarya K. 
Published: December 2021

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Eczema is an inflammatory skin reaction which presents as acute, subacute and chronic forms. Eczemas persisting for more than 6 weeks or characterized by thickening and discoloration of skin is typical of chronic eczema. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a type of chronic or chronically relapsing eczematous skin disorder. To determine the percentage of AD in all forms of chronic eczema by using HRC. We also estimated serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and determined its correlation with chronic eczemas and with various clinical parameters of HRC.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 50 patients with chronic eczema meeting defined inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in this cross-sectional study after taking an informed consent and approval of institutional ethical committee. All patients were subjected to a detailed history based on a questionnaire. A thorough clinical examination was done to determine all major and minor clinical parameters of HRC for AD. Blood samples were collected and AEC and total serum IgE levels were determined.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Most of our study patients were females (64%). Majority of males (77.7%) were farmers and majority of females (56.2%) were housewives assisting in fieldwork activities. Various causes of chronic eczema were clinically diagnosed AD (34%), chronic actinic dermatitis (8%), polymorphic light eruption (4%), airborne contact dermatitis (10%), phyto-photodermatitis (10%), chronic hand and/or foot eczema (16%) and seborrheic dermatitis (2%). Thirty-two patients (64%) satisfied HRC. Among all clinical parameters of HRC, pruritus and xerosis were the commonest in AD patients. Serum IgE level was raised in 58% of chronic eczema and 68.7% of AD patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Serum IgE levels showed significant association with typical morphology and distribution of lesions, early age of onset and perifollicular accentuation.</p><h2> </h2>
Expert opinion on current and emerging treatments in dermatophytosis
Authors: Kharkar R. D. , Girdhar Mukesh , Banerjee Gautam , Salim T. , Sen Manas , Haldar Susmit , . Karthikeyan , Kedia Ajey , Gupta Lipy , Katariya Rajesh 
Published: December 2021

<p class="abstract">Dermatophytosis continues to be a worldwide public health problem, predominantly in developing countries like India. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are imperative to enhance patient outcomes and improve quality of life of individuals with dermatophytosis. Multiple focused group discussions involving 76 dermatologists across 36 cities in India were conducted to provide a consensus clinical viewpoint of expert dermatologists to gain insights toward effective diagnosis and management of Indian subjects with dermatophytosis. These discussions mainly aimed at reviewing current literature on prevalence, etiology, diagnosis and management of dermatophytosis and highlighting variations in diagnostic and treatment approaches in routine clinical practice. The current article summarizes the experts’ clinical viewpoint on overall management of dermatophytosis. Diagnosis of dermatophytosis involves clinical observation, microscopic examination and dermoscopy. Molecular techniques have certain advantages over conventional microscopy and culture methods but are associated with issues of cost and technique complexity. Oral itraconazole 200 mg–400 mg daily and terbinafine 500 mg/day could be considered for recalcitrant tinea infections. Topical azoles like luliconazole, sertaconazole, and terbinafine could be beneficial. A combination of oral and topical antifungal drugs is effective in patients with steroid-modified and difficult-to-treat tinea infections. Also, patient counselling and use of adjunctive therapies like antihistamines, retinoids, and moisturizers are essential for managing tinea infections. </p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Role of diet in old age
Authors: Zaidi Zehra , Nazir Shehla , Nasir Abdul , Ahmad Minhaj 
Published: December 2021

The average human life expectancy has increased in recent times, so there is more focus on aging, age-related disease, and geriatric care in society. Older malnourished adults are more likely to have poorer health outcomes, longer hospital stays, and increased mortality, so there is a need to provide a nutritious and healthy diet to the old age population.Recent studies have shown that some medicinal herbs are effective in the intervention or prevention of aging-associated neurological disorders. Unani System of Medicine is one of the old traditional medicines in the world providing health care to humanity for centuries successively through natural safe, effective, and economic herbal medicine.Diets recommended for the old age population have been highlighted in this article with special emphasis on the traditional diets mentioned in the USM for geriatric care. There is a need to explore USM for better care of old age population and to find out an effective, safe, and economic treatment for old age diseases like Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, etc.
Comparitive evaluation of different concentrations of alcohol in ultrasound guided coeliac plexus neurolysis for pain relief in upper abdominal malignancies
Authors: Singh Manish Kumar , Verma Pragya , Singh Sarita , Singh Gyan P , Verma Hemlata 
Published: December 2021

Patients suffering from advanced upper abdominal malignancies have pain as predominant symptom affects their quality of life and survival. USG guided coeliac plexus neurolysis become benevolence in these patients on part of their pain management and quality of life improvement. To compare the efficacy of USG guided coeliac plexus neurolysis for pain relief in upper abdominal malignancies by using different concentration of alcohol (50% vs 75%).This Prospective, comparative, randomised double blinded study was conducted during Sep 2019 – Aug 2020 at our tertiary care centre. Total 60 cases were taken as per following inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly divided into 2 groups i.e. 30 each group, we compare Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, quality of life (QOL) and need of rescue analgesia profile between the groups to know the efficacy of USG guided coeliac plexus block. In our study, we observed that the baseline mean VAS score in group I was 8.26±0.78 while in group II was 8.03±0.76. No significant difference was found in mean VAS score at this time between the groups (p=0.24). The baseline mean QOL score in group-I was 77.46±3.40 while for the cases of group II the mean QOL score was 77.36±3.33. No significant difference was found in mean QOL score at baseline between the groups (p=0.90). The baseline mean morphine consumption in group-I was 113.33±39.24 mg while for the cases of group-II the mean morphine consumption was 120.33±38.37mg. No significant difference was found in mean morphine consumption at this time between the groups (p=0.48).Both groups having 50% alcohol and 75% alcohol decreases the VAS score from baseline in patients having upper abdominal malignancies along with QOL and dosages of rescue analgesia whereas no significant difference in VAS score in patients of both groups.
TNF-α, iNOS Augmentation Due to Macrophages and Neutrophils Activity in Samples from Patients in Intensive Care Unit with COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Zangeneh Zivar , Andalib Alireza , Khamisipour Gholamreza , Saadabadimotlagh Hamid , Zangeneh Sareh , Motamed Niloofar 
Published: December 2021

Background and Aims: Cells and secreted molecules by the innate immune system are the essential factors in the pathogenesis and determining the severity of inflammation in COVID-19 patients. Severe inflammation results from increased activity of neutrophils, macrophages, and other cells with their products. Inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) increases the severity and pathogenesis of the disease caused by the virus. Phagocytes are armed with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), that upon stimulation by proinflammatory cytokines augment an immune response against pathogens.
Materials and Methods: Two groups of patients were included with COVID-19 infection from the intensive care unit (ICU, n=52) and (non-ICU-care, n=54). Blood samples were collected to measure cells and serum parameters, including lymphocytes, neutrophils, platelet counts, accompanied with C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, TNF-a and iNOS levels.
Results: In the ICU group, increased white blood cells (p=0.048), decreased lymphocytes (p=0.0007), increased neutrophils (p=0.001), decreased platelets, increase serum levels for lactate dehydrogenase (p =0.0001), c-reactive protein (p=0.003), TNF-a (p=0.018), and iNOS (p=0.008) were statistically obtained. Positive correlations were calculated between TNF-a and iNOS (r=0.65, p=0.0002) and with c-reactive protein (r=0.52, p=0.003) and with lactate dehydrogenase (r=0.68, p=0.0001).
Conclusion: Inflammation due to macrophages and neutrophils activity in COVID-19 patients and increased mediators correlate with disease progression. It seems that control of the cell activity and their inflammatory cytokines would be considered for therapeutic goals. Changing the polarization of inflammatory macrophages to anti-inflammatory macrophages with therapeutic applications could prevent the severity of the provocative course of the disease.
The financial condition of selected enterprises from the Świętokrzyskie voivodeship during the COVID-19 pandemic – A survey analysis
Authors: Moskwa-Bęczkowska Daria 
Published: December 2021

Purpose of the study: This article aims to assess the financial condition of selected enterprises from the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: The article presents the results of proprietary surveys on the usefulness of the economic entities' cost accounting system to manage their costs in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. These studies were carried out using the Computer-Assisted Web Interview method. Economic entities from the Świętokrzyskie voivodship with an entry in the National Court Register were invited to the survey via email. They were commercial law companies, mainly limited liability companies, joint-stock companies, etc. Main Findings: The main conclusion from the conducted research is the statement that the difficult economic situation of the market sector in Poland does not always translate into the financial condition of enterprises. The common opinion about the financial problems of Polish companies caused by the COVID-19 pandemic turns out to be wrong. The examined economic entities do not struggle with the issue of losing financial liquidity at all. On the contrary, over 40% of them indicated an improvement in the financial result in 2020 compared to 2019. Applications of this study: The results of the conducted research confirm that the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland did not significantly worsen the financial situation of the surveyed business entities; on the contrary, the vast majority of them do not and have had no problems with maintaining financial liquidity. The originality of this study: The analysis of the literature on the subject showed that there is no data on the assessment of the financial condition of enterprises in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, taking into account at the same time the organizational and legal form of the studied entity and the area of ​​its operation.
The bioeconomy paradigm as a factor stimulating companies innovation in SMEs sector
Authors: Borowy Michał 
Published: December 2021

Purpose of the study: This study intended to do an assessment of the bioeconomy paradigm importance for companies’ innovation in the SMEs sector.
Methodology: The research material was collected on the basis of desk research method using professional literature, including book publications, scientific articles, presentations, reports, as well as various legal acts and press sources in paper and electronic form. Case studies of selected companies were prepared on the basis of the European Commission report.
Main Findings: The concept of knowledge-based bioeconomy has become an important factor determining the innovation of enterprises. In the face of global eco-threats, companies that implement strategies in areas convergent with the new development paradigm are increasingly using innovative biotechnologies in their manufacturing processes or replacing non-renewable production resources with biodegradable bio-materials. In the process of changes, an important role is played by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), whose activities are to fill the gap between scientific research and the implementation of innovation, especially in such areas as food, agriculture and fisheries, and biotechnology. Therefore, despite numerous implementation barriers, this sector has gained a new source of competitive advantages thanks to the bioeconomy.
Applications of this study: The presented material may become a source of knowledge for entrepreneurs interested in developing activities in the area of bioeconomy and for institutions focused on creating innovation support programs for the SMEs sector.
The originality of this study: In the literature the bioeconomy is considered mainly as the sustainable production of renewable resources and the possibility of their transformation into food, feed, bio-based products or bioenergy. The new development paradigm should therefore be considered as a valuable source of competitive advantages for enterprises. This study documented its importance as a factor stimulating the innovation activity of small and medium-sized enterprises. This phenomenon is particularly important from the point of view of the Polish SMEs sector, whose innovations are most often of an imitative nature.
Analysis of the European integration process Baltic countries: experience for Ukraine
Authors: Masyk Yu. 
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the integration of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia into the European Union. The stages are highlighted, the principles and mechanisms of the European integration policy of the Baltic States are clarified. The problems of Ukraine's adaptation to the requirements of the European Union, in particular the conditions of the Copenhagen criteria, ways to use the relevant experience of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia are revealed. Recommendations for further rapprochement of Ukraine with the EU are considered.
The accession of dozens of new countries to the EU in May 2004 marked a qualitatively new stage in the integration process both in Europe and in the world. As a result of the largest enlargement of the European Union, the state of the economy in the old member states has changed significantly, but rather it has had decisive consequences in all areas of the economy for the new member states. Analysis of the positive and negative phenomena that accompanied the enlargement of the EU is important for countries that have or are considering joining the EU in the future, in the formation of long-term economic policy and deciding on the directions of their integration. The closest to Ukraine in terms of development in the EU are the countries of Central Europe and the Baltics, so their experience will be useful for our country.
Integration with the European Union was less difficult for the three Baltic states than for many other accessing countries, due to their strong social impetus to join Western political, economic and legal culture after they regained their independence from the Soviet Union in 1990. However, the accession of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania had several distinctive features related to constitutional origin and institutions, which had a strong impact on the resolution of problems between the government and the EU institutions. The path taken by the Baltic countries upon accession to the EU was difficult and their role in the EU was not easy. Today, the EU-related agenda requires more skills than ever before in finding allies and choosing partners.
Integration potential of historical memory in the context of formation consolidation model of national identity
Authors: Rudenko Yu. 
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the formation of national identity through the prism of the integrating potential of historical memory. The concept of “historical memory” and its types are defined. Among the latter: direct, scientific, mythological and permanent. Emphasis is placed on the fact that scientific historical memory has a significant impact on the mass consciousness of citizens. However, in order to integrate society, scientists must adopt an “averaged” model. The close connection between historical memory and national identity is recognized. The position of special significance of historical memory for the Ukrainian community, which has long been formed as “cultural” and not “state”, is defended.
Emphasis is placed on the fact that in order for historical memory to perform an integrative function in the formation of national identity, it is necessary that the culture of meaning-making ethnos (Ukrainian) did not absorb the culture of other ethnic groups, but became a consolidating nucleus that preserves internal unity.
Among the historical factors that play an important role in the formation of national identity are “memory of the place” or “place of memory”, general historical tragedies and victories, the pantheon of national heroes and more.
It is argued that the current state of historical memory in Ukraine can be described as a crisis in which different versions coexist and sometimes contradict, which may indicate that historical memory in certain circumstances may perform a disintegrating function. Civil society is the main entity that can overcome this fragmentation. Because only civil society is able to form a serious social demand that will reflect its essential national needs. It is noted that if the formation of a consolidating model of national identity is assigned exclusively to the state, then we remain in statist and post-authoritarian rhetoric. It is argued that the process of forming a national identity through the prism of historical memory should at least be counterintuitive: between the state and civil society.