bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revue des applications et de l’utilité des drones en conservation de la faune
Authors: Charbonneau Patrick , Lemaître Jérôme 
Published: September 2021

Les drones deviennent de plus en plus accessibles et performants. La présente synthèse passe en revue la littérature scientifique récente traitant de l’utilisation des drones pour étudier la faune. Nous avons classé 250 références selon 4 applications : inventaires fauniques, réponse comportementale de la faune face aux drones, éthologie et protection de la faune. Notre revue indique que les drones offrent un fort potentiel pour inventorier la faune, en particulier les oiseaux et les mammifères, et que des développements sont en cours pour la faune aquatique, l’herpétofaune et l’entomofaune. Nous exposons aussi les principaux effets des drones sur la faune et, à la lumière des informations obtenues, nous émettons des recommandations préliminaires pour limiter le dérangement de celle-ci. Les avantages des drones sont multiples, et le développement rapide de la technologie laisse croire que plusieurs limites actuelles seront écartées prochainement. Enfin, nous exposons quelques éléments de la réglementation canadienne sur l’usage des drones. En conclusion, les drones pourraient jouer un rôle prépondérant à moyen terme en conservation de la biodiversité.
Reproduction de l’esturgeon jaune dans la rivière Saint-François : un exemple de participation des peuples autochtones à la conservation d’une espèce emblématique
Authors: Dufour-Pelletier Samuel , Paquin Émilie , Brodeur Philippe , La Haye Michel 
Published: September 2021

La reproduction de l’esturgeon jaune (Acipenser fulvescens) à la centrale hydroélectrique de Drummondville, sur la rivière Saint-François, a été étudiée par la communauté abénakise d’Odanak de 2012 à 2018. Les zones de déposition d’oeufs ont été localisées et le contingent reproducteur, la production larvaire ainsi que le pourcentage de succès reproducteur ont été estimés. Cette étude visait à déterminer si les différences interannuelles de l’abondance des reproducteurs et des larves étaient influencées par le débit ou la température de l’eau. De 54 à 188 reproducteurs ont utilisé 3 sites de déposition d’oeufs. Le nombre de larves produites variait de 8 953 à 44 218, selon les années, représentant un succès reproducteur variant de 0,29 % à 4,59 %. Les résultats suggèrent que l’abondance des reproducteurs était influencée positivement par le débit pendant la migration printanière et que les nombres de reproducteurs et de larves n’étaient pas influencés par la température de l’eau. Les plus grandes abondances de larves ont été mesurées lors de débits stables d’environ 85 m3/s durant la dérive larvaire. Grâce aux travaux effectués par la communauté abénakise d’Odanak, la présente étude a permis d’orienter la gestion de la pêche et du débit afin de soutenir la conservation de cette espèce.
Rétablissement du flétan atlantique dans le golfe du Saint-Laurent : état des
connaissances biologiques et défis de gestion
Authors: Gauthier Charlotte , Desgagnés Mathieu , Robert Dominique , Le Bris Arnault , Fisher Jonathan A. D. , Dumont Dany , Sirois Pascal 
Published: September 2021

Le flétan atlantique (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) est le poisson de fond
possédant la plus haute valeur commerciale par unité de poids dans le golfe du Saint-Laurent
(GSL). Il constitue ainsi une ressource importante sur le plan socio-économique au Québec et
dans les provinces de l’Atlantique. Les débarquements de flétan atlantique y sont en
constante augmentation depuis les années 2000, après un effondrement du stock au début des
années 1950 qui a été suivi d’une longue période de faible abondance. En 2019, les
débarquements (plus de 1 383 tonnes) étaient les plus importants des 60 dernières années. À
la suite de ce retour marqué, de meilleures connaissances sur l’écologie larvaire et
l’utilisation de l’habitat tout au long de l’ontogénie sont essentielles pour assurer une
gestion durable du stock. Nous présentons l’historique de l’exploitation du stock de flétan
atlantique du GSL et l’état actuel des connaissances de l’espèce dans cette unité de
gestion. Nous abordons également les défis auxquels les gestionnaires font face en vue
d’assurer une exploitation durable, et les projets de recherche en cours visant à combler
les lacunes dans nos connaissances. Finalement, nous abordons les enjeux spécifiques à
l’instauration d’une pêche récréative hivernale durable pour le flétan atlantique dans le
fjord du Saguenay.
Telomere length is associated with growth in children in rural Bangladesh
Authors: Lin Audrie , Mertens Andrew N , Arnold Benjamin F , Tan Sophia , Lin Jue , Stewart Christine P , Hubbard Alan E , Ali Shahjahan , Benjamin-Chung Jade , Shoab Abul K , Rahman Md Ziaur , Famida Syeda L , Hossen Md Saheen , Mutsuddi Palash , Akther Salma , Rahman Mahbubur , Unicomb Leanne , Naved Ruchira Tabassum , Mamun Md Mahfuz Al , Parvin Kausar , Dhabhar Firdaus S , Kariger Patricia , Fernald Lia CH , Luby Stephen P , Colford John M 
Published: September 2021

Background:Previously, we demonstrated that a water, sanitation, handwashing, and nutritional intervention improved linear growth and was unexpectedly associated with shortened childhood telomere length (TL) (Lin et al., 2017). Here, we assessed the association between TL and growth.Methods:We measured relative TL in whole blood from 713 children. We reported differences between the 10th percentile and 90th percentile of TL or change in TL distribution using generalized additive models, adjusted for potential confounders.Results:In cross-sectional analyses, long TL was associated with a higher length-for-age Z score at age 1 year (0.23 SD adjusted difference in length-for-age Z score [95% CI 0.05, 0.42; FDR-corrected p-value = 0.01]). TL was not associated with other outcomes.Conclusions:Consistent with the metabolic telomere attrition hypothesis, our previous trial findings support an adaptive role for telomere attrition, whereby active TL regulation is employed as a strategy to address ‘emergency states’ with increased energy requirements such as rapid growth during the first year of life. Although short periods of active telomere attrition may be essential to promote growth, this study suggests that a longer overall initial TL setting in the first 2 years of life could signal increased resilience against future telomere erosion events and healthy growth trajectories.Funding:Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.Clinical trial number:NCT01590095
Facing up to bias in healthcare: The influence of familiarity appearance on hiring decisions
Authors: Bagnis Arianna , Cremonini Valeria , Pasi Eleonora , Pasquinelli Gianandrea , Rubbi Ivan , Russo Paolo Maria , Mattarozzi Katia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAssociations between facial appearance and hiring decisions are well‐documented within job literature as a source of decision misjudgment with economic and human costs. Notwithstanding, this aspect is yet to be investigated in healthcare. We collected 90 pictures of new‐graduates nurses faces to be judged on different facial appearance‐based traits by an independent sample. Six months after graduation, the same new‐graduates were interviewed about their job situation. Binomial logistic regression was conducted to examine whether facial appearance ratings would predict the probability to be hired as nurse. Results showed that applicants with a face conveying a feeling of familiarity were more likely to be hired. Considering that people might be inclined to these biases during societal crises and the exceptional need to quickly recruit health professionals during COVID‐19 pandemic, our study recommends special attention to prevent the influence of facial appearance‐based evaluations not reflecting real skills to limit potentially adverse consequences.
A Self‐Growth Strategy for Simultaneous Modulation of Interlayer Distance and Lyophilicity of Graphene Layers toward Ultrahigh Potassium Storage Performance
Authors: Qiao Xiaohua , Niu Chaoqun , Liao Dankui , Chen Zhonghui , Sun Lixia , Xu Yuxi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHerein, a simple but effective self‐growth strategy to simultaneously modulate the interlayer distance and lyophilicity of graphene layers, which results in ultrahigh potassium‐storage performances for carbon materials, is reported. This strategy involves the uniform adsorption of individual metal ions on the oxygen‐containing groups on graphene oxide via electrostatic/coordination interactions and in situ self‐conversion reaction between the metal ions and the oxygen‐containing groups to form lyophilic ultrasmall metal oxide nanoparticles modified/intercalated graphene skeleton (OM‐G) with precisely regulated interlayer distance. The synergistic effect of expanded interlayer distance and enhanced lyophilicity is revealed for the first time to significantly reduce the ion diffusion barrier and enhance ion transport kinetics by experimental and theoretical analysis. As a result, such unique OM‐G monolith as free‐standing anode for potassium‐ion battery (PIB) delivered an ultrahigh reversible capability of 496.4 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, excellent rate capability (306.6 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1), and remarkable long‐term cycling stability (96.3% capacity retention over 2000 cycles at 1 A g−1), which are not only much better than those of previous graphene/carbon materials but also among the best performances for all PIB anodes ever reported. This study provides new fundamental insights for boosting the electrochemical properties of electrode materials.
A Puncture‐Resistant and Self‐Healing Conductive Gel for Multifunctional Electronic Skin
Authors: Hou Ke‐Xin , Zhao Shu‐Peng , Wang Da‐Peng , Zhao Pei‐Chen , Li Cheng‐Hui , Zuo Jing‐Lin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFlexible electronic skins (e‐skins) play a very important role in the development of human–machine interaction and wearable devices. To fully mimic the functions of human skin, e‐skins should be able to perceive multiple external stimuli (such as temperature, touch, and friction) and be resistant to injury. However, both objectives are highly challenging. The fabrication of multifunctional e‐skins is difficult because of the complex lamination scheme and the integration of different sensors. The design of skin‐like materials is hindered by the trade‐off problem between flexibility, toughness, and self‐healing ability. Herein, flexible sodium methallyl sulfonate functionalized poly(thioctic acid) polymer chains are combined with rigid conductive polyaniline rods through ionic bonds to obtain a solvent‐free polymer conductive gel. The conductive gel has a modulus similar to that of skin, and shows good flexibility, puncture‐resistance, notch‐insensitivity, and fast self‐healing ability. Moreover, this conductive gel can convert changes in temperature and strain into electrical signal changes, thus leading to multifunctional sensing performance. Based on these superior properties, a flexible e‐skin sensor is prepared, demonstrating its great potential in the wearable field and physiological signal detection.
A Dual‐Nanozyme‐Catalyzed Cascade Reactor for Enhanced Photodynamic Oncotherapy against Tumor Hypoxia
Authors: Chen Miaomiao , Song Jitao , Zhu Jialong , Hong Gaobo , An Jing , Feng Erting , Peng Xiaojun , Song Fengling 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTumor hypoxia is a typical characteristic of tumor microenvironment (TME), which seriously compromises the therapeutic effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT). The development of nanozymes with oxygen‐generation ability is a promising strategy to overcome the oxygen‐dependent of PDT but remained a great challenge. Herein, a dual‐nanozymes based cascade reactor HAMF is proposed to alleviate tumor hypoxia for enhanced PDT. The hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) are constructed as an excellent nanocarrier to load ultra‐small gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and manganese dioxide (MnO2) shell via in situ reduction method, and further coordination with an efficient photosensitizer 4‐DCF‐MPYM (4‐FM), a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) fluorescein derivative. With the response to TME, MnO2 can catalyze endogenous H2O2 into O2 and subsequently accelerating glucose oxidation by Au NPs to produce additional H2O2, which is reversely used as the substrate for MnO2‐catalyzed reaction, thereby constantly producing singlet oxygen (1O2) for enhanced PDT upon light irradiation. This work proposed a cascade reactor based on dual‐nanozyme to relieve tumor hypoxia for effective tumor suppression, which may enrich the application of multi‐nanozymes in biomedicine.
Sequential Growth of 2D/3D Double‐Layer Perovskite Films with Superior X‐Ray Detection Performance
Authors: Xu Xiuwen , Qian Wei , Wang Jian , Yang Jiecheng , Chen Jianwei , Xiao Shuang , Ge Yongshuai , Yang Shihe 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPerovskite materials in different dimensions show great potential in direct X‐ray detection, but each with limitations stemming from its own intrinsic properties. Particularly, the sensitivity of two‐dimensional (2D) perovskites is limited by poor carrier transport while ion migration in three‐dimensional (3D) perovskites causes the baseline drifting problem. To circumvent these limitations, herein a double‐layer perovskite film is developed with properly aligned energy level, where 2D (PEA)2MA3Pb4I13 (PEA=2‐phenylethylammonium, MA=methylammonium) is cascaded with vertically crystallized 3D MAPbI3. In this new design paradigm, the 3D layer ensures fast carrier transport while the 2D layer mitigates ion migration, thus offering a high sensitivity and a greatly stabilized baseline. Besides, the 2D layer increases the film resistivity and enlarges the energy barrier for hole injection without compromising carrier extraction. Consequently, the double‐layer perovskite detector delivers a high sensitivity (1.95 × 104 μC Gyair−1 cm−2) and a low detection limit (480 nGyair s−1). Also demonstrated is the X‐ray imaging capacity using a circuit board as the object. This work opens up a new avenue for enhancing X‐ray detection performance via cascade assembly of various perovskites with complementary properties.
Bimetallic Mixed Clusters Highly Loaded on Porous 2D Graphdiyne for Hydrogen Energy Conversion
Authors: Gao Yang , Xue Yurui , Liu Taifeng , Liu Yuxin , Zhang Chao , Xing Chengyu , He Feng , Li Yuliang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThere is no doubt that hydrogen energy can play significant role in promoting the development and progress of modern society. The utilization of hydrogen energy has developed rapidly, but it is far from the requirement of human. Therefore, it is very urgent to develop methodologies and technologies for efficient hydrogen production, especially high activity and durable electrocatalysts. Here a bimetallic oxide cluster on heterostructure of vanadium ruthenium oxides/graphdiyne (VRuOx/GDY) is reported. The unique acetylene‐rich structure of graphdiyne achieves outstanding characteristics of electrocatalyst: i) controlled preparation of catalysts for achieving multiple‐metal clusters; ii) regulation of catalyst composition and morphology for synthesizing high‐performance catalysts; iii) highly active and durable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) properties. The optimal porous electrocatalyst (VRu0.027Ox/GDY) can deliver 10 mA cm−2 at low overpotentials of 13 and 12 mV together with robust long‐term stability in alkaline and neutral media, respectively, which are much smaller than Pt/C. The results reveal that the synergism of different components can efficiently facilitate the electron/mass transport properties, reduce the energy barrier, and increase the active site number for high catalytic performances.
Pathogenic T Cells in Celiac Disease Change Phenotype on Gluten Challenge: Implications for T‐Cell‐Directed Therapies
Authors: Christophersen Asbjørn , Zühlke Stephanie , Lund Eivind G. , Snir Omri , Dahal‐Koirala Shiva , Risnes Louise Fremgaard , Jahnsen Jørgen , Lundin Knut E. A. , Sollid Ludvig M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGluten‐specific CD4+ T cells being drivers of celiac disease (CeD) are obvious targets for immunotherapy. Little is known about how cell markers harnessed for T‐cell‐directed therapy can change with time and upon activation in CeD and other autoimmune conditions. In‐depth characterization of gluten‐specific CD4+ T cells and CeD‐associated (CD38+ and CD103+) CD8+ and γδ+ T cells in blood of treated CeD patients undergoing a 3 day gluten challenge is reported. The phenotypic profile of gluten‐specific cells changes profoundly with gluten exposure and the cells adopt the profile of gluten‐specific cells in untreated disease (CD147+, CD70+, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1)+, inducible T‐cell costimulator (ICOS)+, CD28+, CD95+, CD38+, and CD161+), yet with some markers being unique for day 6 cells (C‐X‐C chemokine receptor type 6 (CXCR6), CD132, and CD147) and with integrin α4β7, C‐C motif chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9), and CXCR3 being expressed stably at baseline and day 6. Among gluten‐specific CD4+ T cells, 52% are CXCR5+ at baseline, perhaps indicative of germinal‐center reactions, while on day 6 all are CXCR5−. Strikingly, the phenotypic profile of gluten‐specific CD4+ T cells on day 6 largely overlaps with that of CeD‐associated (CD38+ and CD103+) CD8+ and γδ+ T cells. The antigen‐induced shift in phenotype of CD4+ T cells being shared with other disease‐associated T cells is relevant for development of T‐cell‐directed therapies.
Benefits of alfalfa interseeding include reduced residual soil nitrate following corn production
Authors: Osterholz William , Ruark Matthew D. , Renz Mark , Grabber John H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractInterseeding alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) into corn (Zea mays L.) silage can increase forage production, but the effects on soil nitrate pools remain unknown. We compared soil nitrate pools during and after interseeded alfalfa establishment in corn with pools during production of solo‐seeded corn followed by spring‐seeded alfalfa. Nitrogen (N) fertilizer was applied at three rates as a preplant broadcast or a 50:50 split between preplant broadcast and banded sidedress applications. During corn growth, soil nitrate levels from 0 to 30 cm were increased by higher N rates but were usually similar for both production systems. However, growth of interseeded alfalfa after corn harvest resulted in substantially lower residual fall and spring soil nitrate levels to a 90 cm depth, particularly under the highest N rate. Additionally, interseeded alfalfa influenced spring nitrate stratification by reducing nitrate in deeper horizons and increasing nitrate in the surface horizon. Interseeded alfalfa can thereby reduce the risk of nitrate leaching.
The Growth, Composition, and Functional Properties of Self‐Organized Nanostructured ZrO2‐Al2O3 Anodic Films for Advanced Dielectric Applications
Authors: Kamnev Kirill , Sepúlveda Marcela , Bendova Maria , Pytlicek Zdenek , Prasek Jan , Kolibalova Eva , Michalicka Jan , Mozalev Alexander 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAn aluminum‐on‐zirconium bilayer is anodized in oxalic acid solution to transform the Al layer into porous anodic alumina (PAA); this is followed by the PAA‐assisted re‐anodizing of the Zr underlayer at voltages 40–280 V. The process results in an array of amorphous ZrO2 nanocolumns, 45–330 nm long, partly filling the PAA pores and anchored to a continuous bottom oxide layer under the pores, 20–130 nm thick, comprising a ZrO1.8 spongelike sublayer superimposed on a ZrO1.5 compact sublayer. The thicknesses of the nanostructured and bottom oxides increase linearly with re‐anodizing voltage, disclosing a low film formation ratio of 1.65 nm V−1, which is impossible with anodic ZrO2. The amorphous ZrO2 nanocolumns embedded in the highly resistive amorphous PAA matrix combined with the laminated bottom oxide reveal a nearly ideal dielectric performance in a wide frequency range (10−4–104 Hz) complemented by the low leakage currents and high breakdown voltages (up to 280 V). The film permittivity may be tuned, from 11 to 20, by combining the anodizing and pore‐widening techniques. The advantageous architecture, fabrication approach, and functional properties of the films allow the design of a prototype of an emerging hybrid polymer electrolytic microcapacitor for on‐chip integration.
Relationships among tau burden, atrophy, age, and naming in the aphasic variant of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Martersteck Adam , Sridhar Jaiashre , Coventry Christina , Weintraub Sandra , Mesulam M.‐Marsel , Rogalski Emily 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionExamination of pathologic, anatomic, and cognitive relationships has been limited in primary progressive aphasia (PPA) with underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology.MethodsSpatial relationships between tau positron emission tomography (PET), cortical thickness, age, and naming on the Boston Naming Test (BNT) in PPA with biomarker evidence of AD (PPA‐AD) were examined.ResultsHigher tau PET burden was associated with atrophy and younger age. There was a significant left‐lateralized relationship between lower BNT and more atrophy, and between lower BNT and increased tau burden. Variance in naming was primarily shared between tau and atrophy (51%), but naming was uniquely explained more by atrophy (32%) than tau (16%). Higher left anterior temporal tau burden was associated with greater 1‐year rate of decline in naming.DiscussionPPA‐AD has a similar relationship between abnormal biomarkers as first described in amnestic AD, with differing spatial extent, reflecting the left‐lateralized nature of the language network.
An Innovative Approach for the Generation of Species of the Interstellar Medium
Authors: Kolesniková Lucie , León Iker , Alonso Elena R. , Mata Santiago , Alonso Jose Luis 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe large amount of unstable species in the realm of interstellar chemistry drives an urgent need to develop efficient methods for the in situ generations of molecules that enable their spectroscopic characterizations. Such laboratory experiments are fundamental to decode the molecular universe by matching the interstellar and terrestrial spectra. We propose an approach based on laser ablation of nonvolatile solid organic precursors. The generated chemical species are cooled in a supersonic expansion and probed by high‐resolution microwave spectroscopy. We present a proof of concept through a simultaneous formation of interstellar compounds and the first generation of aminocyanoacetylene using diaminomaleonitrile as a prototypical precursor. With this micro‐laboratory, we open the door to generation of unsuspected species using precursors not typically accessible to traditional techniques such as electric discharge and pyrolysis.
Location‐Dependent Lanthanide Selectivity Engineered into Structurally Characterized Designed Coiled Coils
Authors: Slope Louise N. , Daubney Oliver J. , Campbell Hannah , White Scott A. , Peacock Anna F. A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHerein we report unprecedented location‐dependent, size‐selective binding to designed lanthanide (Ln3+) sites within miniature protein coiled coil scaffolds. Not only do these engineered sites display unusual Ln3+ selectivity for moderately large Ln3+ ions (Nd to Tb), for the first time we demonstrate that selectivity can be location‐dependent and can be programmed into the sequence. A 1 nm linear translation of the binding site towards the N‐terminus can convert a selective site into a highly promiscuous one. An X‐ray crystal structure, the first of a lanthanide binding site within a coiled coil to be reported, coupled with CD studies, reveal the existence of an optimal radius that likely stems from the structural constraints of the coiled coil scaffold. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of location‐dependent metal selectivity within a coiled coil scaffold, as well as the first report of location‐dependent Ln3+ selectivity within a protein.