bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital service innovation: a paradigm shift in technological innovation
Authors: Opazo-Basáez Marco , Vendrell-Herrero Ferran , Bustinza Oscar F. 
Published: November 2021

PurposeExisting innovation frameworks suggest that manufacturing firms have traditionally developed a complementary model of technological innovations comprising process and product innovations (e.g. Oslo Manual). This article presents digital service innovation as a novel form of technological innovation that is capable of enhancing the performance of firms in certain manufacturing industries.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on technological innovation and digital servitization fields of research, this study argues that digital service innovation, in manufacturing contexts, complements traditional sources of technological innovation, so increasing the profit margins of firms. This effect is significant in industries characterized by business-to-business contexts, high presence of link channels and long product life spans (e.g. manufacturing and computer-based industries). Predictions are tested on a unique sample of 423 Spanish manufacturing firms using parametric (t-test) and nonparametric (fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, fsQCA) approaches.FindingsThe results of this analysis show that a necessary condition so that manufacturing firms can increase profits is the deployment of simultaneous process and product innovations. It also reveals that optimal configuration requires that digital service innovation be undertaken, particularly in machinery and computer-based manufacturing industries. Hence, all three sources of technological innovation are brought together in order to reach the highest levels of company performance. The evidence suggests that technological innovation and digital servitization are closely interrelated in highly innovative manufacturing contexts.Originality/valueThis study's originality and value reside in the fact that it reveals the existence of firms incorporating digital service innovation – a new, technological innovation dimension that challenges existing innovation frameworks – to complement traditional technological innovation sources, namely process and product innovation. Moreover, the study conceptualizes and empirically tests the value-adding role of digital services in firms' technological innovation portfolio.
Optical and spectroscopic characterization of crystalline structures in cannabis extracts
Authors: Abraham Otyllia R. , Waddell Smith Ruth 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMarijuana and hemp represent two broad classes of Cannabis sativa plants that are distinguished based on the concentration of the psychoactive cannabinoid delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9‐THC). In this work, solvent extracts derived from marijuana and hemp were characterized using optical and spectroscopic techniques. The crystalline components of the solvent extracts were first analyzed using polarized light microscopy to determine optical properties, namely, crystal system, optical sign, and principle refractive indices. Crystals from the marijuana‐derived extracts exhibited an orthorhombic crystal system and were optically negative, with nβ between 1.6320 and 1.6330 ± 0.0002. In contrast, crystals from hemp‐derived extracts exhibited a monoclinic crystal system and were optically positive, with nβ between 1.600 and 1.6040 ± 0.0002. Crystals were further distinguished through infrared spectroscopy, which highlighted structural differences between the two sample types, primarily based on differences in O‐H stretching. Finally, single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction was used to definitively identify the crystalline components, confirming the presence of tetrahydrocannabinolic acid in marijuana‐derived extracts and cannabidiol in hemp‐derived extracts. Given the differences in crystal structure identified between marijuana‐derived and hemp‐derived solvent extracts, optical characterization provides a screening method to differentiate visually similar samples prior to confirmatory analysis.
Interleukin‐1 receptor antagonism leads to improved anaemia in a murine model of sickle cell disease and is associated with reduced ex vivo platelet‐mediated erythrocyte sickling
Authors: Venugopal Jessica , Wang Jintao , Guo Chiao , Eitzman Daniel T. 
Published: November 2021

SummarySickle cell disease (SCD) is associated with haemolytic anaemia and secondary activation of leucocytes and platelets, which in turn may further exacerbate haemolysis. As cytokine signalling pathways may participate in this cycle, the present study investigated whether pharmacological blockade of the interleukin‐1 receptor (IL‐1R) would mitigate anaemia in a murine model of SCD. Within 2 weeks of treatment, reduced markers of haemolysis were observed in anakinra‐treated mice compared to vehicle‐treated mice. After 4 weeks of anakinra treatment, mice showed increased numbers of erythrocytes, haemoglobin, and haematocrit, along with reduced reticulocytes. Blood from anakinra‐treated mice was less susceptible to ex vivo erythrocyte sickling and was resistant to exogenous IL‐1β‐mediated sickling. Supernatant generated from IL‐1β‐treated platelets was sufficient to promote erythrocyte sickling, an effect not observed with platelet supernatant generated from IL‐1R−/− mice. The sickling effect of IL‐1β‐treated platelet supernatant was inhibited by a transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) neutralising antibody, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase inhibition, and superoxide scavengers, but replicated by recombinant TGF‐β. In conclusion, pharmacological IL‐1R antagonism leads to improved anaemia in a murine SCD model. IL‐1β stimulation of platelets promotes erythrocyte sickling. This effect may be mediated by platelet‐derived TGF‐β‐induced reactive oxygen species generation though erythrocyte NADPH oxidase.
The mineralocorticoid receptor in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Barrera‐Chimal Jonatan , Jaisser Frédéric , Anders Hans‐Joachim 
Published: November 2021

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health concern, affecting approximately 10% of the population worldwide. CKD of glomerular or tubular origin leads to the activation of stress mechanisms, including the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation. Over the last two decades, blockade of the MR has arisen as a potential therapeutic approach against various forms of kidney disease. In this review, we summarize the experimental studies that have shown a protective effect of MR antagonists (MRAs) in nondiabetic and diabetic CKD animal models. Moreover, we review the main clinical trials that have shown the clinical application of MRAs to reduce albuminuria and, importantly, to slow CKD progression. Recent evidence from the FIDELIO trial showed that the MRA finerenone can reduce hard kidney outcomes when added to the standard of care in CKD associated with type 2 diabetes. Finally, we discuss the effects of MRAs relative to those of SGLT2 inhibitors, as well as the potential benefit of combination therapy to maximize organ protection.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue on Emerging Fields for Therapeutic Targeting of the Aldosterone‐Mineralocorticoid Receptor Signaling Pathway. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.13/issuetoc
Preoperative echocardiography as a prognostic tool for liver transplant in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Pai Sher‐Lu , Chadha Ryan M. , Logvinov Ilana I. , Brigham Tara J. , Watt Kymberly D. , Li Zhuo , Palmer William C. , Blackshear Joseph L. , Aniskevich Stephen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) presents with a hypertrophied left ventricle (LV). It is often associated with LV outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) and a risk for sudden death. This study aimed to describe outcomes of patients with HCM who underwent liver transplant (LT).MethodsA retrospective review was conducted for patients diagnosed with HCM undergoing LT. Patient characteristics, preoperative echocardiography results, HCM risk of sudden cardiac death prediction model score, and 5‐year mortality were examined. A univariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the association between risk factors and 5‐year mortality. All tests were two‐sided with the alpha level set at .05.ResultsTwenty‐nine patients were included in the analysis. Six patients (21%) had a perioperative cardiopulmonary complication. The 5‐year survival rate was 61% (95% CI, 45–82). The analyzed risk factors showed that 5‐year post‐LT survival was significantly predicted by maximal LV outflow tract gradient at rest > 60 mmHg (hazard ratio, 1.04 [95% CI, 1.01‐1.06]).ConclusionsPreoperative LV outflow tract resting gradient > 60 mmHg was associated with 5‐year post‐LT mortality. The results suggest the severity of LVOTO identified by echocardiography is a prognostic tool for patients with HCM after LT.
Runaway evolution from male‐male competition
Authors: Moore Allen J. , McGlothlin Joel W. , Wolf Jason B. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWondrously elaborate weapons and displays that appear to be counter to ecological optima are widespread features of male contests for mates across the animal kingdom. To understand how such diverse traits evolve, here we develop a quantitative genetic model of sexual selection for a male signaling trait that mediates aggression in male‐male contests and show that an honest indicator of aggression can generate selection on itself by altering the social environment. This can cause selection to accelerate as the trait is elaborated, leading to runaway evolution. Thus, an evolving source of selection provided by the social environment is the fundamental unifying feature of runaway sexual selection driven by either male‐male competition or female mate choice. However, a key difference is that runaway driven by male‐male competition requires signal honesty. Our model identifies simple conditions that provide clear, testable predictions for empirical studies using standard quantitative genetic methods.
Decay by ectomycorrhizal fungi couples soil organic matter to nitrogen availability
Authors: Argiroff William A. , Zak Donald R. , Pellitier Peter T. , Upchurch Rima A. , Belke Julia P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInteractions between soil nitrogen (N) availability, fungal community composition, and soil organic matter (SOM) regulate soil carbon (C) dynamics in many forest ecosystems, but context dependency in these relationships has precluded general predictive theory. We found that ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi with peroxidases decreased with increasing inorganic N availability across a natural inorganic N gradient in northern temperate forests, whereas ligninolytic fungal saprotrophs exhibited no response. Lignin‐derived SOM and soil C were negatively correlated with ECM fungi with peroxidases and were positively correlated with inorganic N availability, suggesting decay of lignin‐derived SOM by these ECM fungi reduced soil C storage. The correlations we observed link SOM decay in temperate forests to tradeoffs in tree N nutrition and ECM composition, and we propose SOM varies along a single continuum across temperate and boreal ecosystems depending upon how tree allocation to functionally distinct ECM taxa and environmental stress covary with soil N availability.
Global patterns of resilience decline in vertebrate populations
Authors: Capdevila Pol , Noviello Nicola , McRae Louise , Freeman Robin , Clements Christopher F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMaintaining the resilience of natural populations, their ability to resist and recover from disturbance, is crucial to prevent biodiversity loss. However, the lack of appropriate data and quantitative tools has hampered our understanding of the factors determining resilience on a global scale. Here, we quantified the temporal trends of two key components of resilience—resistance and recovery—in >2000 population time‐series of >1000 vertebrate species globally. We show that the number of threats to which a population is exposed is the main driver of resilience decline in vertebrate populations. Such declines are driven by a non‐uniform loss of different components of resilience (i.e. resistance and recovery). Increased anthropogenic threats accelerating resilience loss through a decline in the recovery ability—but not resistance—of vertebrate populations. These findings suggest we may be underestimating the impacts of global change, highlighting the need to account for the multiple components of resilience in global biodiversity assessments.
Vorinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, as a potential novel treatment for psoriasis
Authors: Samuelov Liat , Bochner Ron , Magal Lee , Malovitski Kiril , Sagiv Nadav , Nousbeck Janna , Keren Aviad , Fuchs‐Telem Dana , Sarig Ofer , Gilhar Amos , Sprecher Eli 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis is characterized by aberrant activation of several pro‐inflammatory circuits as well as abnormal hyperproliferation and dysregulated apoptosis of keratinocytes (KCs). Most currently available therapeutic options primarily target psoriasis‐associated immunological defects rather than epidermal abnormalities.ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, Vorinostat, in targeting hyperproliferation and impaired apoptosis in psoriatic skin.MethodsVorinostat effect was investigated in primary KCs cell cultures using cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry, apoptosis assays (Annexin V‐FICH and caspase‐3/7) and antibody arrays, qRT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry. Vorinostat impact on clinical manifestations of psoriasis was investigated in a chimeric mouse model.ResultsVorinostat was found to inhibit KCs proliferation and to induce their differentiation and apoptosis. Using a chimeric mouse model, vorinostat was found to result in marked attenuation of a psoriasiform phenotype with a significant decrease in epidermal thickness and inhibition of epidermal proliferation.ConclusionsOur results support the notion that vorinostat, a prototypic HDAC inhibitor, may be of potential use in the treatment of psoriasis and other hyperproliferative skin disorders.
Flexible bronchoscopy for lung cancer diagnosis in patients aged ≥85 years
Authors: Mineshita Masamichi , Morikawa Kei , Furuya Naoki , Kida Hirotaka , Nishine Hiroki , Handa Hiroshi , Inoue Takeo 
Published: November 2021

AimFlexible bronchoscopy (FB) is a common modality for the diagnosis of lung cancer. Recently, the number of older patients with lung cancer is increasing, and FB is being utilized more for these patients.MethodsFB carried out in patients aged ≥85 years at St. Marianna University Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan, were reviewed. The indication of FB was decided on a case‐by‐case basis, taking into consideration the condition of the patient, which included mental status and accessibility of the lesion. Outcomes included complications, diagnostic yields, treatment options and survival after FB evaluation.ResultsFrom April 2015 to March 2019, 1604 diagnostic FBs were carried out. A total of 28 were carried out for the diagnosis of lung cancer (19 transbronchial lung biopsy, 9 transbronchial needle aspiration) in patients aged ≥85 years. Although there were three complications reported (pneumonia, fever, asthma exacerbation), they were successfully treated. A total of 19 cases were diagnosed with malignancy; five were treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy, five were prescribed targeted therapy, two underwent surgery and one was treated by cytotoxic monotherapy. Six patients were not included for active treatment. A total of 12 patients who received active treatment for lung cancer reported a 2‐year survival rate of >60%.ConclusionsFB for lung cancer diagnosis in patients aged ≥85 years were carried out with acceptable safety and diagnostic yield. Considering the development of less invasive therapeutic measures for lung cancer, FB is safe and valuable in individuals aged ≥85 years suspected of lung cancer with therapeutic indications. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22: 32–35.
The supply chain effect of monitoring cost
Authors: Bi Chen , Yang Feng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn bank/trade credit financing, bank/supplier plays monitoring role and pays the fixed and variable monitoring costs. This study investigates the impact of monitoring cost on bank financing and trade credit financing in a push supply chain with a dominant supplier selling to a capital‐constrained retailer who can borrow competitively priced bank loans or trade credit. With a modified selling to the newsvendor Stackelberg game, we obtain the chain's equilibrium financing strategies. We find that bank financing is adopted only when the inefficient supplier sells to the very poor retailer. When the retailer is not very rich, the efficient supplier offers trade credit financing with trade credit rate equal to a risk‐free rate, even in the presence of supplier's monitoring cost, otherwise, the retailer uses either bank financing or self‐financing, depending on the retailer's initial capital and the bank's and the supplier's monitoring cost. There exists a chain efficiency loss region (supplier's monitoring distortion) that the poor retailer uses bank financing at the supplier's benefit, while the overall output can be improved through trade credit financing. The presence of the bank's monitoring cost might benefit the chain. When the factoring market is intensely competitive, we find that factoring can improve the channel efficiency and the supplier's profit. Through this study, we theoretically extend the delegated monitoring theory that the third‐party intermediated financing helps improve the channel performance.
Genomic evidence for stability of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine strain (Pasteur 1173P2) from different batches in Iran
Authors: Asadian Mahla , Safarchi Azadeh , Hassanzadeh Seyed Mehdi , Yaseri Mehdi , Douraghi Masoumeh 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Aims
Investigate the genetic stability of the BCG vaccine produced in Iran from different batches compared to the reference strain.

Methods and results
We comparatively analyzed the whole genome sequences of the vaccine batches from different years. Eleven vials of different batches from 2010, 2018, and 2019 were included. Complete genome analyses revealed no difference between the old (2010) and new (2018 and 2019) vaccine batches. Additionally, minor genetic changes include five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions/deletions (indels) were observed compared to the BCG Pasteur 1173P2 reference strain, which were shared among all batches. Besides, the batches were identical to the reference strain in terms of antibiotic resistance genes, prophage sequences, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated (Cas) systems.

Conclusions
High genetic stability of the BCG vaccine used in the national immunization program was confirmed, which indicates the optimal conditions in the vaccine production process.

Significance and Impact of the Study
Genetic differences within and between vaccine strains have been declared as one of the main parameters related to the BCG vaccine variable protective efficacy. No study has been done to investigate the genetic variations of the vaccine batches at the single-base level.
Bactericidal effects of high-energy visible light on common otitis media pathogens
Authors: Morgan Shae D. , Yoder-Himes Deborah , Jackson Douglas , Naber John , Berry Rachel , Cash Elizabeth , Chandran Swapna , Roussel Thomas 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Aims
This study assessed the use of high-energy, visible light on the survival rates of three bacteria commonly found in middle ear infections (i.e. otitis media; Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae).

Method and Results
Bacteria were cultured and then subjected to a single, 4-h treatment of 405 nm wavelength light at two different intensities. All three bacteria species were susceptible to the light at clinically significant rates (&gt;99.9% reduction). Bacteria were susceptible to the high-energy visible (HEV) light in a dose-dependent manner (lower survival rates with increased intensity and duration of exposure).

Conclusions
The results suggest that HEV light may provide a non-surgical, non-pharmaceutical approach to the therapeutic treatment of otitis media.

Significance an Impact of the Study
Given the growing concerns surrounding antibiotic resistance, this study demonstrates a rapid, alternative method for effective inactivation of bacterial pathogens partly responsible for instances of otitis media.
Biochemical features and early adhesion of marine Candida parapsilosis strains on high-density polyethylene
Authors: Oliveira Maiara Monteiro , Proenca Audrey Menegaz , Moreira-Silva Eduardo , dos Santos Francine Melise , Marconatto Letícia , de Castro Aline Machado , Medina-Silva Renata 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Aims
Plastic debris are constantly released into oceans where, due to weathering processes, they suffer fragmentation into micro- and nanoplastics. Diverse microbes often colonize these persisting fragments, contributing to their degradation. However, there are scarce reports regarding the biofilm formation of eukaryotic decomposing microorganisms on plastics. Here, we evaluated five yeast isolates from deep-sea sediment for catabolic properties and early adhesion ability on high-density polyethylene (HDPE).

Methods and Results
We assessed yeast catabolic features and adhesion ability on HDPE fragments subjected to abiotic weathering. Adhered cells were evaluated through Crystal Violet Assay, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy and Infrared Spectroscopy. Isolates were identified as Candida parapsilosis and exhibited wide catabolic capacity. Two isolates showed high adhesion ability on HDPE, consistently higher than the reference C. parapsilosis strain, despite an increase in fragment roughness due to weathering. Isolate Y5 displayed the most efficient colonization, with production of polysaccharides and lipids after 48 h of incubation.

Conclusion
This work provides insights on catabolic metabolism and initial yeast-HDPE interactions of marine C. parapsilosis strains.

Significance and Impact of the Study
Our findings represent an essential contribution to the characterization of early interactions between deep-sea undescribed yeast strains and plastic pollutants found in oceans.
Ornamental fish export trade in Malawi
Authors: Msukwa Amulike V. , Cowx Ian G. , Harvey Jonathan P. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study investigated aspects of the ornamental fish export trade in Malawi to understand potential impacts of the trade on exploited fish populations in Lake Malawi and recommend measures for management of the ornamental fishery. Information about the ornamental fish export trade in Malawi was sourced from hardcopy file records maintained by the Department of Fisheries between 1998 and December 2019, and semistructured interviews with ornamental fish exporters in Malawi. The information reported in this paper includes ornamental fish capture process and localities of capture within Lake Malawi, the number of ornamental fish exporters, fish export volumes and values in US$ equivalent at 2020 prices, export destinations, temporally shifts in fish collection localities, and the species exported and their conservation status. These results are discussed in relation to the management of the ornamental fishery in Malawi and many recommendations have been proposed relating to the sustainability of the ornamental fishery in Malawi. Since there are many common issues that affect ornamental fisheries worldwide, the findings and recommendations of this study may be applicable for the management of many other ornamental fisheries worldwide.