bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A survey of nurses prescribing in diabetes care: Practices, barriers and facilitators in New Zealand and the United Kingdom
Authors: Snell Helen , Budge Claire , Courtenay Molly 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo compare diabetes‐related prescribing practices, barriers and facilitators amongst nurse prescribers in New Zealand and the United Kingdom.BackgroundNurses have been prescribing in the United Kingdom for many years but nurse prescribing in New Zealand is relatively recent. It is unknown whether similar system factors act to facilitate or limit prescribing.DesignA survey of 250 nurses prescribing in diabetes care in New Zealand (n = 111) and the United Kingdom (n = 139).MethodsA SurveyMonkey questionnaire was used to survey nurses about the extent of their prescribing practices, and barriers and facilitators experienced. Quantitative data were explored descriptively, and qualitative responses were grouped according to content, with quotes provided to exemplify thematic content. This study is reported following STROBE guidelines.ResultsInsulin, metformin and sulphonylureas are the drugs most frequently prescribed in both countries. Considerably more New Zealand than United Kingdom nurses reported prescribing for cardiovascular and renal disease. In both countries, direct prescribing to the patient was most common, followed by remote prescribing in New Zealand and via recommendation to other prescribers in the United Kingdom. Most common barriers were lack of time and inadequate mentoring. Most common facilitators were as follows: good supervision; collegial relationships with specialists, pharmacists and peers; and ongoing education.ConclusionsThese New Zealand and United Kingdom nurses are prescribing a broad range of diabetes‐related medications. Similar barriers and facilitators were identified in both countries. Adequate supervision, support from multidisciplinary team colleagues and prescribing education and guidelines are paramount.Relevance to clinical practiceImportant insights on barriers and facilitators to implementation of nurse prescribing in two countries are highlighted and, despite a considerable difference in the longevity of prescribing practice, similar issues were identified.
Effect of selected natural and synthetic substances on rabbit reproduction–A mini review
Authors: Svoradová Andrea , Baláži Andrej , Chrenek Peter 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNumerous natural and synthetic substances have effects on reproduction through several mechanisms. This review aims to summarize the impact of green tea (GT), yucca schidigera (YS) extract, curcuma longa (CL), adenosine 3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and isobutyl‐1‐methyl‐xanthine (IBMX) stimulators on rabbit reproduction performance. To obtain a comprehensive overview of this topic, the keywords “reproduction,” “substances,” “spermatogenesis,” “embryogenesis,”hormonal profil“, “green tea”, “yucca schidigera” were searched in such databases as WOS and PubMed to obtain relevant information. Spermatozoa profile was positively effected by the GT and YS, however, cAMP inhibitors stimulated spermatozoa motility resulted in positive or negative effects depending on the doses. Similarly, embryogenesis and hormonal profile were positively influenced by the GT, YS, cAMP and IBMX in a proper administration dose. Further research is needed to improve current knowledge about these substances to identify potential effects on the other reproduction parameters. Furthermore, future studies should combine GT, YS and CL with different plant extracts to determine their effects on spermatozoa status, embryogenesis as well as hormonal profile as key outcomes. This review summarizes current knowledge about effect of natural and synthetic substances on rabbit reproduction.
Syringe services programs in the Bluegrass: Evidence of population health benefits using Kentucky Medicaid data
Authors: Bushling Cameron , Walton Matthew T. , Conner Kailyn L. , Liu Gilbert , Hoven Ardis , Joseph Jessin , Taylor Angela 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate whether Kentucky counties that established a new syringe services program realized a significant decline in the incidence rate of a set of infectious disease diagnoses commonly transmitted via injection drug use.MethodsLongitudinal count models of within‐county rates of newly diagnosed infections among populations at risk were estimated using Medicaid claims/encounters data. Generalized estimating equation models were used to report incident rate ratios of 6 diagnoses: (1) HIV; (2) hepatitis C; (3) hepatitis B; (4) osteomyelitis; (5) endocarditis; and (6) skin/soft tissue infection. To investigate whether a delay in effect was present, separate models were fit to estimate the effects of establishing a syringe services program: at its opening date, and again at 1, 3, and 6 months postopening date.FindingsTaken together, the aggregated within‐county incidence rate of these 6 diagnoses was significantly lower following the implementation of a syringe services program (P < .05). Our models estimated that counties which opted to open a syringe services program realized an approximate month‐over‐month decline in new diagnoses of 0.5% among the population at risk.ConclusionsThese results lend further support to previous conclusions made in the public health literature regarding the efficacy of syringe services programs. Specifically, declines in incidence rates were observable beginning at 1 month post syringe services program opening. These results are particularly notable due to the typical setting in which these syringe services programs operated—rural communities of fewer than 40,000 residents.
Pour‐on administration of eprinomectin to lactating dairy goats: Pharmacokinetics and anthelmintic efficacy
Authors: Hamel Dietmar , Kvaternick Valerie , Kellermann Michael , Visser Martin , Mayr Sandra , Fankhauser Becky , Rehbein Steffen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLactation is discussed as a physiological covariate which may influence the exposure characteristics of systemically acting drugs including macrocyclic lactones and potentially alter their pharmacological response. This study characterizes for the first time in the same study, the plasma profile and therapeutic anthelmintic efficacy of eprinomectin 5 mg/ml solution (EPRINEX®Multi, Boehringer Ingelheim) administered as a pour‐on at 1 mg per kg body weight to lactating dairy goats. The study was conducted in compliance with VICH GCP and anthelmintic efficacy evaluation guidelines and included 20 goats harboring induced adult gastrointestinal and pulmonary nematode infections. The goats were blocked on pre‐treatment body weight and randomly allocated either to remain untreated (control) or to be eprinomectin‐treated. Plasma samples to determine the plasma disposition kinetics of eprinomectin (B1a component) were obtained at intervals up to 14 days following treatment when the animals were necropsied for parasite enumeration and identification. Basic pharmacokinetic parameters of eprinomectin determined in the ten eprinomectin‐treated goats were as follows: AUClast, 23.8 ± 9.7 day*ng/ml andCmax, 5.35 ± 2.27 ng/ml; individual maximum plasma concentrations were observed from 8 to 48 h after treatment (medianTmax, 0.5 days). Topical eprinomectin treatment efficacy, based on significant (p < .01) worm burden reductions in eprinomectin‐treated animals relative to untreated controls, was ≥97% to 100% against adultDictyocaulus filaria,Haemonchus contortus,Teladorsagia circumcincta(pinnata/trifurcata),Trichostrongylus axei,T. colubriformis,Cooperia curticei,Nematodirus battus, andOesophagostomum venulosum. Both pharmacokinetic parameters and anthelmintic activity in lactating dairy goats were similar to those observed in parasitized young growing and adult female non‐lactating dairy goats treated with eprinomectin administered as a pour‐on.
The improvement in body composition including subcutaneous and visceral fat reduces ammonia and hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
Authors: Gioia Stefania , Ridola Lorenzo , Cristofaro Ludovica , Merli Manuela , Faccioli Jessica , Riggio Oliviero , Nardelli Silvia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia and myosteatosis have been associated to a poor prognosis of cirrhosis and to a higher incidence of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). The prognostic implications of visceral and subcutaneous adiposity are less known.AimTo evaluate the modifications of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue after TIPS and to investigate their relationships with the modification of muscle mass and with the incidence of post‐TIPS HE.Patients and Methods35 cirrhotic patients submitted to TIPS were retrospectively studied. The modification of skeletal muscle index (SMI), muscle attenuation (myosteatosis), subcutaneous adipose tissue index (SATI), visceral adipose tissue index (VATI), assessed by CT‐scan and plasma ammonia were evaluated before and after a mean follow‐up of 19 ± 15 months after TIPS. The number of episodes of overt HE was also recorded.ResultsDuring the follow‐up, the mean SMI and muscle attenuation increased significantly; SATI significantly increased while VATI significantly decreased, although not uniformly in all patients. By comparing the patients with or without improvement in their nutritional status after TIPS, MELD remained stable while the number of episodes of overt HE was significantly lower in the patients with improved SMI and in the patients with improved SATI. Finally, inverse correlation was observed between the variation of ammonia and SATI (r = −.40; P < .05).ConclusionIn addition to muscle mass, adipose tissue is modified after TIPS. The improvement of subcutaneous adipose tissue as well as of sarcopenia and myosteatosis is associated to the amelioration of cognitive impairment independently of liver function. The correlation between adipose tissue and ammonia modification may suggest an active role of the adipose tissue in the inter‐organ ammonia trafficking.
The occurrence of vulnerable seagrass species Halophila beccarii Ascherson, 1871 from restored mangrove of Koduvally Estuary, south‐west coast of India
Authors: Prabhakaran Meethal Parambath , Jayachandran Paravanparambil Rajakumar , Bijoy Nandan Sivasankaran 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe ocean turf grass, Halophila beccarii Ascherson, 1871 was recorded for the first time in the intertidal region of the restored mangrove ecosystem of the Koduvally Estuary on the south‐west coast of India. It was found co‐existing in the shallow muddy area of the mangroves, dominated by mangrove trees of Rhizophora mucronata and Sonneratia alba, and macroalgae, Ulva sp., Enteromorpha sp. and Chaetomorpha sp. The meadow is sparsely scattered with shoots near the mangroves, with a mean density of 720 shoots/m2. Details regarding the morphology and hydrographic conditions are described. The occurrence of H. beccarii in the Koduvally estuary is an encouraging sign of improved ecosystem health through mangrove restoration. The development of seagrass meadow in the estuary will improve the sediment stability and water quality. A further comprehensive study on the spatiotemporal variation of this species in the estuary is also recommended for conservation and management of this vulnerable seagrass species.
Endemic Lake Baringo Oreochromis niloticus fishery on verge of collapse: Review of causes and strategies directed to its recovery, conservation and management for sustainable exploitation
Authors: Nyakeya Kobingi , Chemoiwa Emily , Nyamora Jane Moraa , Ogombe Cyprian Odoli , Gichana Zipporah Moraa , Mbaru Emmanuel Kakunde , Masese Frank Onderi , Aura Christopher Mulanda , Nyamweya Chrispine , Njiru James , Ondiba Robert , Basweti Evans 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLake Baringo is a Ramsar‐designated water body facing a myriad environmental challenges attributable to anthropogenic activities, thereby being an ecosystem under perturbation. At the same time, however, it is an important aquatic resource not only to the local community, but also to the international arena because of its rich biodiversity. It supports an artisanal fishery with four major fish of economic importance, including Oreochromis niloticus, Protopterus aethiopicus, Clarias gariepinus and Barbus intermidus australis. The once‐vibrant O. niloticus fishery that flourished before the small town of Kampi ya Samaki was transformed into a beehive of activity on the shores of the lake is no longer sustainable. O. niloticus contributed over 80% of the landed total catch up to the year 2002, averaging >600 tons annually, but had declined to about 12 tons annually by the year 2006. The introduced P. aethiopicus is currently the major fishery, representing more than 75% of the total fish landings, with the O. niloticus landing being just 1%. Although O. niloticus is listed as ‘endangered’ in the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species, it is evident that its fishery is threatened with a total collapse if sound management strategies are not implemented. Accordingly, the present study reviewed past studies on the Lake Baringo O. niloticus and critically analysed the possible reasons for its decline, as well as possible strategies directed to its recovery, conservation and management for sustainable exploitation.
Spatial and temporal distribution of an invasive crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe
Authors: Marufu Lightone T. , Barson Maxwell , Phiri Crispen , Nhiwatiwa Tamuka 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDetermining the extent of invasion by an aquatic invasive species is the first step to informing effective management strategies. The spatial and temporal distribution of an introduced invasive crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus) in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe was investigated to determine the extent of the invasion. Five lakewide surveys across the five basins of the lake (Sanyati; Bumi; Sengwa; Mlibizi; Binga) were conducted between March 2014 and July 2016. Monthly sampling for crayfish and physico‐chemical parameters was done in the Sanyati basin from January to December 2013. Presence/absence data from the lakewide surveys indicated that the crayfish had spread to three of the five basins by July 2016; namely, the Sanyati, Bubi and Sengwa basins. There was a general decrease in the total and average number of crayfish caught with each consecutive lakewide survey. Out of 19 sampled sites in the Sanyati basin, crayfish were found to be present at 16 sites, including both protected and unprotected areas, and in all substrate types (muddy, sandy and rocky substrates). Crayfish catches differed significantly over time (months), with a general increase from January and peaking in July, after which a decrease was observed until September before it steadily increased again in December. Crayfish catches differed significantly among the sites in the Sanyati basin. Temperature and electrical conductivity significantly affected the CPUE of C. quadricarinatus, with an increase in both parameters being associated with a decreased CPUE (p < 0.05; Generalized Linear Mixed Models). The results of the current study indicate C. quadricarinatus is now in the spread stage of the invasion process and is making use of all habitats in the lake. Increased trapping and containment to prevent further spread should be considered as management options.
Mapping the chlorophyll‐a concentrations in hypereutrophic Krishnagiri Reservoir (India) using Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager
Authors: Elangovan Arunbabu , Murali Vidya 
Published: September 2021

AbstractKrishnagiri Reservoir exhibits a hypereutrophic status and continuously receives external sediment and nutrient loads, in addition to its internal phosphorus loading, both affecting the reservoir water quality. Increased nutrient loading attributable to changing anthropogenic activities in the catchment area will further exacerbate the deteriorating trophic status. Temporal Satellite imageries can play a crucial role in the rapid assessment of the trophic status of the reservoir over a large spatial extent. The eutrophication status of freshwater systems is directly related to the chlorophyll‐a (Chl‐a) concentration, which represents a major trophic state indicator by reflecting green and absorbing violet‐blue and orange‐red light of the solar energy spectrum. The present study was undertaken to map seasonal Chl‐a concentration variations using Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) images. Multiple regression equations developed using reflectance in the Green, Near Infrared, Shortwave Infrared 1 and 2 and Coastal bands (R2 = .635) were found to be the best fit of the model in mapping the Chl‐a concentration variations in Krishnagiri Reservoir. The derived regression model also can be used to determine the trophic state of the reservoir and can facilitate a more rapid assessment for developing management strategies for sustainable reservoir water quality management.
Assessment of the nutritional quality of fish cultured in Samdihi, an open cast coalpit at the Raniganj Coal Field areas, West Bengal, India
Authors: Mandal Arghya , Biswas Trisha , Mondal Niladri Sekhar , Dey Sukhendu , Patra Atanu , Das Subhas , Mondal Arnab Kumar , Dey Amit Kumar , Ghosh Apurba Ratan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe present study assessed the nutritional quality of four major teleostean fishes (Catla catla; Labeo rohita; Notopterus notopterus and Oreochromis niloticus) cultured in the Samdihi, an opencast coalpit (OCP). The physicochemical parameters were within the pisciculture standard limits, and the heavy metal contents of the fish were within safe concentrations and below the target hazard quotient (THQ) level (<1). The zooplankton abundance and density were sufficient as food item for the fish faunas. Ash and moisture contents confirmed the good quality of the fish as food. The results of the other analysed nutritional parameters indicated the total protein content was highest in the herbivorous fish Labeo rohita (85.32 ± 0.61 mg/g), compared to Catla catla, Notopterus notopterus and Oreochromis niloticus (50.34 ± 0.43, 71.32 ± 0.49 and 75.14 ± 0.53 mg/g, respectively). The order of decreasing lipid content was Notopterus notopterus > Catla catla > Labeo rohita > Oreochromis niloticus (7.04 ± 1.02 > 6.01 ± 0.01 > 1.83 ± 0.03 > 1.46 ± 0.04%). The percentage of carbohydrates was highest in the omnivorous Oreochromis niloticus (18.2 ± 0.8), followed by Notopterus notopterus, Catla catla and Labeo rohita (15.1 ± 0.7, 13.9 ± 0.5 and 9.4 ± 0.4, respectively). The sodium content was higher in the column feeders Labeo rohita (82.06 ± 0.61 mg/g) and Notopterus notopterus (81.87 ± 0.61 mg/g) than in the surface feeders Catla catla (69.16 ± 0.55 mg/g) and Oreochromis niloticus (79.33 ± 0.60 mg/g). The potassium content exhibited similar trends, being higher in the column feeders Notopterus notopterus (204.8 ± 1.52 mg/g) and Labeo rohita (199.5 ± 1.81 mg/g) than in the surface feeders Oreochromis niloticus (190.8 ± 1.13 mg/g) and Catla catla (183.2 ± 1.3) mg/g). The trend in iron content was in the order of Oreochromis niloticus > Labeo rohita > Notopterus notopterus > Catla catla (5.60 ± 0.01 > 4.806 ± 0.01 > 4.25 ± 0.01 > 1.303 ± 0.01 mg/g, respectively). The results of the present study highlight the potential and feasibility of conducting pisciculture in the abandoned OCP as a means increasing the economic livelihoods of the core group of people in and around the mining areas of RCF regions. The estimated fish nutritional index (EFNI) analysis also revealed the fish cultured in this OCP exhibited a good nutritional quality standard.
A review of the importance, gaps and future directions of Integrated Lake Basin Management Planning in Malaysia
Authors: Sharip Zati , Zakaria Salmah , Md Noh Md Nasir , Nakamura Masahisa , Muhandiki Victor 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTThe present study assessed the importance of basin management plans for managing lakes in Malaysia within the context of Integrated Lake Basin Management (ILBM) governance principles. Although ILBM has been promoted since 2007, less than 2% of the lakes in the country have basin management plan in place. Most of these management plans need to be fully adopted, reviewed and evolved as living documents by all relevant stakeholders for successful lake basin management. Increasing demands for resources and development within catchments, as well as emerging threats, require integrated management of lake resources for sustainable use, highlighting the need to develop basin management plans for all other lakes to support their effective management. The present study also provides a narrative for developing an ILBM plan, including consideration of lake characteristics, the linked lentic–lotic water systems comprising lake basins, ecosystem services, participatory planning and for performing continuous lake governance improvements within a cyclical process. Management planning for lakes should address specific focus areas or major threats, continuing the process until all its relevant governance pillars are strengthened. These ILBM plans can eventually be integrated to the larger river basin management and state water resources management planning towards effective water governance.
Seasonal water‐level fluctuations and changes in macro‐benthic community structure in tropical reservoirs: A Sri Lankan case study
Authors: Weerakoon Sampath N. , Chandrasekara W. Upali , Amarasinghe Upali S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSeasonal water‐level fluctuations (WLFs) in reservoirs influence ecological processes, in turn affecting their benthic macroinvertebrate communities. The present study was carried out in 10 irrigation reservoirs of Sri Lanka to investigate the effects of seasonal WLFs on the benthic macroinvertebrate fauna. The study period was divided into two distinct phases: the drained period and the inundated period. Benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled during both periods and enumerated. Air temperature and soil quality parameters were also measured simultaneously, and hydrological data related to the Kala Oya River basin were obtained from irrigation authorities. Data analysis using non‐metric multi‐dimensional scaling revealed two distinct reservoir groups, namely, Hydrological Stress Group 1 (HSG1) and Hydrological Stress Group 2 (HSG2). A low hydrological residence time and low relative reservoir level fluctuations (RRLF) characterized HSG1, with the opposite describing HSG2. Temporal variations of macrobenthos indicated a high taxa richness and diversity in HSG1 reservoirs during the drained period, with scrapers and collector‐gatherers being the dominant functional feeding groups. Reservoirs in the lower river basin (HSG1) exhibited a high taxa richness and diversity. During the inundated periods, insect taxa colonized, particularly, chironomids and ephemeropterans. Molluscan taxa were prominent during the drained periods. These observations highlight the influence of seasonal fluctuations of reservoir water levels on benthic macroinvertebrates. Benthic macroinvertebrate communities in reservoirs were significantly influenced by the RRLF, manifesting the importance of hydrological regimes in reservoirs to develop macroinvertebrate metrics for water‐quality monitoring.