bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Animal Model of Primary Blast Lung Injury and Its Pathological Changes in Mice
Authors: Meng Xiangyan , Lu Qianying , Zhang Jianfeng , Li Junfeng , Shi Mingyu , Huang Siyi , Yu Sifan , Zhao Yanmei , Fan Haojun 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background Primary blast lung injury (PBLI) is a major cause of death in military conflict and terrorist attacks on civilian populations. However, the mechanisms of PBLI are not well understood, and a standardized animal model is urgently needed. This study aimed to establish an animal model of PBLI for laboratory study and observe the pathophysiological changes in mice lung caused by shock wave.Methods The animal model of PBLI was established using a self-made mini shock tube simulation device. In brief, mice were randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the model group, the model group were suffered 0.5 bar shock pressures. Mice were sacrificed at 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after injury. Lung tissue gross observation, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and lung pathology scoring were performed to evaluated lung tissue damage. Evans blue dye (EBD) leakage and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) examination were performed to evaluated pulmonary edema. The relative expression levels of inflammation factors were measured by real-time qPCR and Western blotting analysis. The release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) was observed by immunofluorescence stain. Results In the model group, the gross observation and H&E staining assay showed the inflammatory cell infiltration, intra-alveolar hemorrhage, and damaged lung tissue structure. The EBD and BALF examination revealed that the lung tissue permeability and edema was significantly increased after injury. Real-time qPCR and Western blotting assays showed that IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α were up-regulated in the model group. Immunofluorescence assay showed that the level of NETs in the lung tissue increased significantly in the model group. Conclusions The self-made mini shock tube simulation device can be used to establish the animal model of PBLI successfully. Pathological changes of PBLI mice were characterized by mechanical damage and inflammatory response in lung tissue.
Quantifying Biological Processes Producing Nitrous Oxide in Soil Using a Mechanistic Model
Authors: Chang Baoxuan , Yan Zhifeng , Ju Xiaotang , Song Xiaotong , Li Yawei , Wang Hui , Li Siliang , Fu Pingqing , Zhu-Barker Xia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Soil nitrous oxide (N2O) is an important source of greenhouse gas contributing to climate change. Many processes produce N2O in soils and the production rate of each process is affected variably by climatic-edaphic factors, making the soil-to-atmosphere N2O flux extremely dynamic. Experimental approaches, including natural and enriched isotopic methods, have been developed to separate and quantify the N2O production from different processes. However, these methods are often costly or difficult to conduct, hampering their widely applications. This study aimed to develop a mechanistic model quantifying the soil N2O production from nitrifier nitrification (NN), nitrifier denitrification (ND), and heterotrophic denitrification (HD), which are considered as the most important biological contributors, and to investigate how climatic-edaphic factors affect individual processes as well as total N2O production rates. The developed model demonstrated its robustness and capability by reliably reproducing N2O productions from the three individual processes of NN, ND, and HD under different moisture contents and oxygen concentrations. The model simulations unraveled how environmental conditions and soil properties controlled the total N2O production rate by regulating individual rates variably. Therefore, the mechanistic model is able to potentially elucidate the large spatiotemporal variances of in-situ soil N2O flux and improve the assessment of soil N2O emission at regional and global scales.
Identification of a Candidate Gene Responsible for the G Locus Determining Chartreuse Bulb Color in Onion (Allium Cepa L.) Using Bulked Segregant RNA-Seq
Authors: Jeon SeongChan , Han JiWon , Kim Cheol-Woo , Kim Ju-Gyeong , Moon Jae-Hak , Kim Sunggil 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
To identify a casual gene for the G locus determining chartreuse bulb color in onion (Allium cepa L.), bulked segregant RNA-Seq (BSR-Seq) was performed using yellow and chartreuse individuals of a segregating population. Through customized single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and differentially expressed gene (DEG) screening processes, 163 and 143 contigs were selected, respectively. One contig encoding a laccase-like protein was commonly identified from SNP and DEG screening. This contig contained four highly conserved copper-binding domains known to be signature sequences of laccases. This gene was designated AcLAC12 since it showed high homology with Arabidopsis AtLAC12. A 4-bp deletion creating a premature stop codon was identified in exon 5 of the chartreuse allele. Another mutant allele in which an intact LTR-retrotransposon was transposed in exon 5 was identified from other chartreuse breeding lines. Genotypes of molecular markers tagging AcLAC12 were perfectly matched with bulb color phenotypes in segregating populations and diverse breeding lines. All chartreuse breeding lines contained inactive alleles of DFR-A gene determining red bulb color, indicating that chartreuse color appeared when both DFR-A and AcLAC12 genes were inactivated. Linkage maps showed that AcLAC12 was positioned at the end of chromosome 7. Transcription levels of structural genes encoding enzymes in anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway were generally reduced in chartreuse bulk compared with yellow bulk. Concentrations of total quercetins were also reduced in chartreuse onion. However, significant amounts of quercetins were detected in chartreuse onion, implying that AcLAC12 might be involved in modification of quercetin derivatives in onion.
Study On The Cutting Mechanism of Randomly Deflected Truncated Cone Shape Single Abrasive Grain
Authors: Zhang Lansheng , Jiang Jing Liang , Wang Dexiang , Sun Shufeng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Based on the random distribution characteristic of abrasive grains for the grinding wheel circumference surface during the manufacturing process, considering the grinding parameters and deflection parameters comprehensively, a randomly deflected truncated cone shape single abrasive grain cutting simulation model was established. Then, studying its cutting mechanism: the trajectory length value by numerical method and formula method were compared, the consequence indicates that the error is extremely small, this demonstrates the accuracy of the numerical method. The calculation and analysis of the workpiece cutting surface topography and the undeformed chip shape were carried out, it shows that the cutting surface topography and the undeformed chip shape are coincident. The influence laws of each grinding process parameter on the material removal volume (MRV) and material removal rate (MRR) were investigated, the results display that the grinding method affects the changing pattern of MRV and MRR, when the grinding method was up-grinding, a high wheel speed or a small wheel diameter are able to enhance the MRR, the MRV and MRR are increments with the increasing workpiece feed speed or abrasive grain cutting depth, and the MRV and MRR decrease with the raising of the absolute value of single abrasive grain deflection angle. The situation is a similar or opposite trend in down grinding. This work can provide a theoretical reference for the selection and optimization of grinding parameters, and further lay a foundation for the research in the grinding mechanism of the grinding wheel.
Construction of ZnO/Keggin Polyoxometalate Nano Heterojunction Catalyst For Efficient Removal of Rhodamine B in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Guo Ruibo , Bai Liming , Dong Guohua , Chai Dongfeng , Lang Kun , Mou Zhonghua , Zhao Ming 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we synthesized two novel heterojunction nanocomposite catalysts ZnO/Ag4SiW12O40 and ZnO/Cs3PW12O40 by a simple dissolution-precipitation method. The structure and morphology of the samples were analyzed by XRD, TEM, FT-IR, Raman, UV diffuse reflection, XPS and N2 adsorption desorption isotherm. Compared with pure ZnO, the composite catalyst formed with Ag4SiW12O40(AgSiW) and Cs3PW12O40(CsPW) can significantly improve the problem of fast recombination rate of photogenerated carriers in ZnO, and broaden the response range of ZnO to visible light. Rhodamine B (RhB) was used as a simulated pollutant to investigate the photocatalytic degradation performance of the composite catalyst. The experimental results show that the photocatalytic degradation activity of the prepared composite catalyst is much higher than that of pure ZnO, and the degradation performance of ZnO/Ag4SiW12O40 is stronger. Finally, the possible photocatalytic mechanism of ZnO/Ag4SiW12O40 and ZnO/Cs3PW12O40 heterojunction nanocomposite catalysts was proposed by UV diffuse reflection, free radical capture experiment and Mott Schottky test.
Enhancing The Optoelectronic Properties of Nebulizer Sprayed In2S3 Thin Films For Photodetector Applications
Authors: Lavanyaa S. , Kumar T. Rajesh , Gunavathy K.V. , Ubaidullah Mohd , Shaikh Shoyebmohamad F. , Kumar Dinesh , Pandit Bidhan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In the present work, the versatile Indium sulfide thin films (In2S3) are deposited on glass substrates using nebulizer assisted spray pyrolysis technique at 350 °C for visible light detection application. The effect of the molar concentration of indium and sulfur on the structure, morphology, optical characteristics, and photo-sensing capability of the prepared In2S3 films were systematically studied in the range of 0.01 M to 0.03 M. The structural analysis showed a maximum crystallite size of 36 nm for 0.03 M sample. The morphological image from the scanning electron microscope showed a homogeneous large size grained surface of In2S3 film completely covering the substrate. The indium to the sulfur ratio in the prepared films ranged from 1.02 to 1.16 as the molar concentration was raised from 0.01 to 0.03 M. All the prepared films showed a good absorption in the ultraviolet and visible region of the electromagnetic spectra. The sample prepared at 0.03 M was found to have a minimum band gap of 2.38 eV and a maximum PL intensity at 480 nm. The I-V characteristics show a photocurrent of 1.4 × 10-5 A under visible light for an external bias voltage of ± 5 V. A maximum responsivity of 2.74 A/W, detectivity of 2.65 × 1010 Jones was exhibited by 0.03 M sample with a high EQE of 63.9 %. The prepared In2S3 thin film may find application as a photodetector.
Ultrasound–Guided Percutaneous Laser Ablation: A New Treatment Option for Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Yu Jie , Han Zhi-yu , Cheng Zhigang , An Chao , Dong Li-nan , Feng Wen-zhe , Liang Ping 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background and aim:

Most patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) suffer from an unresectable tumor at the time of diagnosis with limited treatment effectiveness. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility and safety of percutaneous laser ablation (LA) for locally advanced and metastatic PC.
Methods

Between September 2016 and November 2019, ten patients (mean age, 64.2 ± 6.7 years; range, 62–68 years) with histologically proved PC were prospectively included to undergo ultrasound-guided percutaneous LA. Treatment effect including safety, pain perception and survival were evaluated.
Results

Three patients were with locally advanced PC (stage III) and seven with metastases (stage IV). All patients underwent LA in one session. The mean largest diameter of tumor was 5.5 ± 0.9 cm (range, 4.2–9.4 cm). Ablation power of all patients was 5 W and the mean ablation energy was 8.1 ± 2.6 KJ (range, 4.4–12KJ). Mean ablation volume was 16.1 ± 3.8 ml (range, 13.0 – 22.1 ml), which reached 89.1 ± 7.4% (range, 80.2 – 98.0 %) of tumor volume. After a median follow-up period of 10.4 months (range, 6.2–18.4 months), the median survival from diagnosis was 11.5 months. Four stage IV patients died during 6.5–12.5 months after LA because of one hepatic encephalopathy and three tumor progression. No major complications occurred. Pain symptom achieved significant remission (P < 0.001) and patients experienced ameliorative physical function after LA.
Conclusions

Percutaneous LA for unresectable PC is generally well tolerated. Preliminary results are encouraging with tumor size reducing and physical function significant improvement. The technique provides a new minimally invasive therapy modality for PC.
Exploration of plant transcriptomes reveals five putative novel poleroviruses and an enamovirus
Authors: Sidharthan V Kavi , Nagendran Krishnan , Baranwal Virendra Kumar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Transcriptome datasets available in public domain serve as valuable resource for identification and characterization of novel viral genomes. Poleroviruses are economically important plant-infecting RNA viruses belonging to the family Luteoviridae. In the present study, we explored the plant transcriptomes available in public domain and identified five putative novel poleroviruses tentatively named as Foeniculum vulgare polerovirus (FvPV), Kalanchoe marnieriana polerovirus (KmPV), Paspalum notatum polerovirus (PnPV), Piper methysticum polerovirus (PmPV), Trachyspermum ammi polerovirus (TaPV) and a novel enamovirus named as Celmisia lyallii enamovirus (ClEV) in Foeniculum vulgare, Kalanchoe marnieriana, Paspalum notatum, Piper methysticum, Trachyspermum ammi and Celmisia lyallii, respectively. Coding-complete genomes (5.56−5.74 kb) of CIEV, KmPV, PnPV, PmPV and TaPV were recovered while only the partial genome of FvPV could be recovered. The genome organization of identified viruses except ClEV is 5’−P0−P1−P2−P3a−P3−P4−P5−3’ while that of ClEV is 5’−P0−P1−P2−P3− P5−3’. Phylogenetic analysis and genome organization revealed the relatedness of FvPV, KmPV, PnPV, PmPV and TaPV to other poleroviruses and ClEV to other enamoviruses.
Ischemic preconditioning/Ischemic postconditioning alleviates anoxia/reoxygenation injury via the Notch1/Hes1/VDAC1 axis
Authors: Wang Lijun , Lai Songqing , Zhou Xueliang , Wan Qing , Luo Yong , Zou Huaxi , Wu Qicai , Wan Li , Liu Jichun , Huang Huang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
It has been demonstrated that ischemic preconditioning (IPC), and ischemic postconditioning (IPost) have a significant protective effect on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury by alleviating oxidative stress and mitochondrial disturbances, although the underlying molecular mechanisms are not clear. To demonstrate that cardioprotection against anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injury is transduced via the Notch1/Hes1/VDAC1 signaling pathway.
Methods
Using proteomics techniques, liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) and tandem affinity purification (TAP), to screen for differentially expressed proteins associated with Hes1, followed by standard bioinformatics analysis. The co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay confirmed an interaction between Hes1 and VDAC1 proteins. H9c2 cells were transfected with Hes1 adenoviral N-terminal TAP vector (AD-NTAP/Hes1) and Hes1-short hairpin RNA adenoviral vector (AD-Hes1-shRNA) to establish A/R injury, ischemic preconditioning (IPC), and ischemic postconditioning (IPost) models, respectively. The expression of Hes1 and VDAC1 proteins were measured by western blotting, while the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry.
Results
AD-NTAP/Hes1 can activate the exogenous protein expression of Hes1, thus decreasing creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and promoting cell viability. The study found that VDAC1 was a potential target protein for Hes1 and the overexpression of Hes1 protein expression downregulated protein expression levels of VDAC1, reduced ROS production, stabilized ΔΨm, and inhibited apoptosis in H9c2 cells. Additionally, downregulation of Hes1 protein expression also upregulated VDAC1 protein expression, increased ROS production, imbalanced ΔΨm, promoted cell apoptosis, and attenuated the cardioprotection afforded by IPC and IPost.
Conclusions
The Notch1/Hes1 signaling pathway activated by IPC/IPost can directly downregulate the protein expression of VDAC1 and consequently relieve A/R injury.
Strong Ground Motions From the 21 May 2021 M6.4 Yangbi Earthquake in Western China Obtained From a Dense Network of Accelerographs and Intensity Meters
Authors: Xie Junju , An Zhao , Fu Lei , Li Kewei , Li Xiaojun , Wen Zengping , Cui Jianwen , Lin Guoliang , Wang Pengfei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The dense recordings of the 146 accelerometers in the near-source area clearly show the seismic wave propagation and spatial variability of strong ground motions during the 2021 Yangbi earthquake in Western China. The observation demonstrates that the near-source strong ground motions are characterized as short duration (< 15-20 s) but large ground accelerations and short-period spectral values. The dominant period of strong ground motions is generally short (0.1-0.5 s); whereas, in some records, the dominant period reaches 1.5 s while affected by soft and deep sediments. The observed peak ground velocities (PGVs) and long-period spectral accelerations (SAs) over 1.0 s are relatively weak and attenuate rapidly with distance, resulting in a small damage zone of earthquake intensity VIII. We find many anomalies in the distribution of ground motion intensity measures (IMs) caused by local topography and soft sediments. Topographic amplification mainly affects PGAs and short-period SAs below 1.0 s, while the soft sediments show strong amplification effects in the long-period SAs over 1.0 s. The Next-Generation Attenuation (NGA) -West2 models have a good estimation of peak ground accelerations (PGAs) and short-period SAs, but tend to over-predict long-period SAs over 1.0 s for this event. Strong directionality is observed in the near-fault, where observed PGAs, PGVs and SAs in the fault parallel (FP) component are much larger than those in the fault normal (FN) component; which is validated by the clear evidence of different building damage patterns along the FN and FP directions. Response spectra of near-fault ground motions are higher than the code design spectra in China at periods of around 0.1 s, but lower than the code at periods over 0.5 s. This result can explain why the building structures (with fundamental periods of 0.5 s or higher) constructed following the building code show relatively rare damage in the near-fault region.
Vasculogenic Mimicry Correlates to Presenting Symptoms and Mortality in Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Sabazade Shiva , Gill Viktor Torgny , Herrspiegel Christina , Stålhammar Gustav 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
PurposeFluid-conducting extracellular matrix patterns known as vasculogenic mimicry (VM) have been associated with poor prognosis in uveal melanoma and other cancers. We investigate the correlations between VM, presenting symptoms, mortality and the area density of periodic acid-Schiff positive histological patterns (PAS density).MethodsSixty-nine patients that underwent enucleation for uveal melanoma between 2000 and 2007 were included. Clinicopathological parameters, presenting symptoms and outcomes were collected. Histological tumor sections were evaluated for VM and PAS density was quantified with digital image analysis.ResultsThirty-four patients (49 %) presented with blurred vision. 18 (26 %) with a shadow in the visual field, 7 (10 %) with photopsia and/or floaters and 2 (3 %) with metamorphopsia. Nine patients (13 %) had no symptoms at all. Median follow-up was 16.7 years (SD 2.6). A shadow in the visual field, but no other symptom, was positively correlated with the presence of VM (φ 0.70, p<0.001) and greater PAS density (p<0.001). In multivariate regression, retinal detachment (RD), presence of VM and PAS density ≥ median were independent predictors of a shadow, but not tumor distance to the macula, tumor apical thickness, tumor diameter or ciliary body engagement. Presence of VM was associated with significantly shorter cumulative disease-specific survival (Wilcoxon p=0.04), but not PAS density ≥ median, presenting symptoms or RD (p>0.28).ConclusionTumors from uveal melanoma patients that report a visual field shadow are likely to display VM and greater PAS density, likely explaining the previously reported association between this symptom and poor prognosis.
Nitrification mainly driven by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in an anammox-inoculated wastewater treatment system
Authors: Lu Jing , Hong Yiguo , Wei Ying , Gu Ji-Dong , Wu Jiapeng , Wang Yu , Ye Fei , Lin Jih-Gaw 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has been acknowledged as an environmentally friendly and time-saving technique capable of achieving efficient nitrogen removal. However, the community of nitrification process in anammox-inoculated wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has not been elucidated. In this study, ammonia oxidation (AO) and nitrite oxidation (NO) rates were analyzed with the incubation of activated sludge from Xinfeng WWTPs (Taiwan, China), and the community composition of nitrification communities were investigated by high-throughput sequencing. Results in this paper have showed that both AO and NO had strong potential activity in the activated sludge. The average rates of AO and NO in sample A were 6.51 µmol·L -1 ·h -1 and 6.52 µmol·L -1 ·h -1 , respectively, while the rates in sample B were 14.48 µmol·L -1 ·h -1 and 14.59 µmol·L -1 ·h -1 , respectively. The abundance of the nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) Nitrospira was 0.89-4.95×10 11 copies/g in both samples A and B, and the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was 1.01- 9.74×10 9 copies/g. In contrast, the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) was much lower than AOB, only with 1.28-1.53×10 5 copies/g in samples A and B. The AOA community was dominated by Nitrosotenuis , Nitrosocosmicus, and Nitrososphaera, while the AOB community mainly consisted of Nitrosomonas and Nitrosococcus . The dominant species of Nitrospira were Candidatus Nitrospira defluvii, Candidatus Nitrospira Ecomare2 and Nitrospira inopinata . In summary, the strong nitrification activity was mainly catalyzed by AOB and Nitrospira , maintaining high efficiency in nitrogen removal in the anammox-inoculated WWTPs by providing the substrates required for denitrification and anammox processes.