bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term outcomes in young patients with atrioventricular block of unknown aetiology
Authors: Dideriksen Johnni Resdal , Christiansen Morten K , Johansen Jens B , Nielsen Jens C , Bundgaard Henning , Jensen Henrik K 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsAtrioventricular block (AVB) of unknown aetiology is rare in the young, and outcome in these patients is unknown. We aimed to assess long-term morbidity and mortality in young patients with AVB of unknown aetiology.Methods and resultsWe identified all Danish patients younger than 50 years receiving a first pacemaker due to AVB between January 1996 and December 2015. By reviewing medical records, we included patients with AVB of unknown aetiology. A matched control cohort was established. Follow-up was performed using national registries. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint consisting of death, heart failure hospitalization, ventricular tachyarrhythmia, and cardiac arrest with successful resuscitation. We included 517 patients, and 5170 controls. Median age at first pacemaker implantation was 41.3 years [interquartile range (IQR) 32.7–46.2 years]. After a median follow-up of 9.8 years (IQR 5.7–14.5 years), the primary endpoint had occurred in 14.9% of patients and 3.2% of controls [hazard ratio (HR) 3.8; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.9–5.1; P &lt; 0.001]. Patients with persistent AVB at time of diagnosis had a higher risk of the primary endpoint (HR 10.6; 95% CI 5.7–20.0; P &lt; 0.001), and risk was highest early in the follow-up period (HR 6.8; 95% CI 4.6–10.0; P &lt; 0.001, during 0–5 years of follow-up).ConclusionAtrioventricular block of unknown aetiology presenting before the age of 50 years and treated with pacemaker implantation was associated with a three- to four-fold higher rate of the composite endpoint of death or hospitalization for heart failure, ventricular tachyarrhythmia, or cardiac arrest with successful resuscitation. Patients with persistent AVB were at higher risk. These findings warrant improved follow-up strategies for young patients with AVB of unknown aetiology.
Transcriptome analysis implicates secondary metabolite production, redox reactions, and programmed cell death during allorecognition inCryphonectria parasitica
Authors: Belov Anatoly A , Witte Thomas E , Overy David P , Smith Myron L 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe underlying molecular mechanisms of programmed cell death associated with fungal allorecognition, a form of innate immunity, remain largely unknown. In this study, transcriptome analysis was used to infer mechanisms activated during barrage formation in vic3-incompatible strains of Cryphonectria parasitica, the chestnut blight fungus. Pronounced differential expression occurred in barraging strains of genes involved in mating pheromone (mf2-1, mf2-2), secondary metabolite production, detoxification (including oxidative stress), apoptosis-related, RNA interference, and HET-domain genes. Evidence for secondary metabolite production and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation is supported through UPLC-HRMS analysis and cytological staining, respectively. Differential expression of mating-related genes and HET-domain genes was further examined by RT-qPCR of incompatible interactions involving each of the six vegetative incompatibility (vic) loci in C. parasitica and revealed distinct recognition process networks. We infer that vegetative incompatibility in C. parasitica activates defence reactions that involve secondary metabolism, resulting in increased toxicity of the extra- and intracellular environment. Accumulation of ROS (and other potential toxins) may result in detoxification failure and activation of apoptosis, sporulation, and the expression of associated pheromone genes. The incompatible reaction leaves abundant traces of a process-specific metabolome as conidiation is initiated.
De novoassembly of a chromosome-scale reference genome for the northern flickerColaptes auratus
Authors: Hruska Jack P , Manthey Joseph D 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe northern flicker, Colaptes auratus, is a widely distributed North American woodpecker and a long-standing focal species for the study of ecology, behavior, phenotypic differentiation, and hybridization. We present here a highly contiguous de novo genome assembly of C. auratus, the first such assembly for the species and the first published chromosome-level assembly for woodpeckers (Picidae). The assembly was generated using a combination of short-read Chromium 10× and long-read PacBio sequencing, and further scaffolded with chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) reads. The resulting genome assembly is 1.378 Gb in size, with a scaffold N50 of 11  and a scaffold L50 of 43.948 Mb. This assembly contains 87.4–91.7% of genes present across four sets of universal single-copy orthologs found in tetrapods and birds. We annotated the assembly both for genes and repetitive content, identifying 18,745 genes and a prevalence of ∼28.0% repetitive elements. Lastly, we used fourfold degenerate sites from neutrally evolving genes to estimate a mutation rate for C. auratus, which we estimated to be 4.007 × 10−9 substitutions/site/year, about 1.5× times faster than an earlier mutation rate estimate of the family. The highly contiguous assembly and annotations we report will serve as a resource for future studies on the genomics of C. auratus and comparative evolution of woodpeckers.
Whole-genome sequencing from the New Zealand Saccharomyces cerevisiae population reveals the genomic impacts of novel microbial range expansion
Authors: Higgins Peter , Grace Cooper A , Lee Soon A , Goddard Matthew R 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae is extensively utilized for commercial fermentation, and is also an important biological model; however, its ecology has only recently begun to be understood. Through the use of whole-genome sequencing, the species has been characterized into a number of distinct subpopulations, defined by geographical ranges and industrial uses. Here, the whole-genome sequences of 104 New Zealand (NZ) S. cerevisiae strains, including 52 novel genomes, are analyzed alongside 450 published sequences derived from various global locations. The impact of S. cerevisiae novel range expansion into NZ was investigated and these analyses reveal the positioning of NZ strains as a subgroup to the predominantly European/wine clade. A number of genomic differences with the European group correlate with range expansion into NZ, including 18 highly enriched single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and novel Ty1/2 insertions. While it is not possible to categorically determine if any genetic differences are due to stochastic process or the operations of natural selection, we suggest that the observation of NZ-specific copy number increases of four sugar transporter genes in the HXT family may reasonably represent an adaptation in the NZ S. cerevisiae subpopulation, and this correlates with the observations of copy number changes during adaptation in small-scale experimental evolution studies.
Infertility due to defective sperm flagella caused by an intronic deletion inDNAH17that perturbs splicing
Authors: Nosková Adéla , Hiltpold Maya , Janett Fredi , Echtermann Thomas , Fang Zih-Hua , Sidler Xaver , Selige Christin , Hofer Andreas , Neuenschwander Stefan , Pausch Hubert 
Published: January 2021

AbstractArtificial insemination in pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) breeding involves the evaluation of the semen quality of breeding boars. Ejaculates that fulfill predefined quality requirements are processed, diluted and used for inseminations. Within short time, eight Swiss Large White boars producing immotile sperm that had multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella were noticed at a semen collection center. The eight boars were inbred on a common ancestor suggesting that the novel sperm flagella defect is a recessive trait. Transmission electron microscopy cross-sections revealed that the immotile sperm had disorganized flagellar axonemes. Haplotype-based association testing involving microarray-derived genotypes at 41,094 SNPs of six affected and 100 fertile boars yielded strong association (P = 4.22 × 10−15) at chromosome 12. Autozygosity mapping enabled us to pinpoint the causal mutation on a 1.11 Mb haplotype located between 3,473,632 and 4,587,759 bp. The haplotype carries an intronic 13-bp deletion (Chr12:3,556,401–3,556,414 bp) that is compatible with recessive inheritance. The 13-bp deletion excises the polypyrimidine tract upstream exon 56 of DNAH17 (XM_021066525.1: c.8510–17_8510–5del) encoding dynein axonemal heavy chain 17. Transcriptome analysis of the testis of two affected boars revealed that the loss of the polypyrimidine tract causes exon skipping which results in the in-frame loss of 89 amino acids from DNAH17. Disruption of DNAH17 impairs the assembly of the flagellar axoneme and manifests in multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella. Direct gene testing may now be implemented to monitor the defective allele in the Swiss Large White population and prevent the frequent manifestation of a sterilizing sperm tail disorder in breeding boars.
The Effect of Simulation Method on Nursing Students’ Burn Patient Care Planning: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Onarıcı Müjgan , Karadağ Mevlüde 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In nursing education, the rate of students to practice for burn patient care is low. This research was carried out as a single-blind randomized control group intervention trial to determine the effectiveness of simulation method performed using high-fidelity human patient simulator in nursing students’ burn patient care planning. The research was conducted with randomly selected 61 students including 31 in intervention and 30 in control groups. In the application process of the research, knowledge tests were administered as a pretest, second test, and posttest, and the first and second applications of burn patient care plans were performed with all students. In the research, the application of burn patient scenario was performed only with the intervention group. As a result of the research, it was found that the posttest knowledge scores of the students in the intervention group increased significantly compared with the control group (P &lt; .05). According to the intergroup evaluations, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of care plan scores (P &gt; .05), whereas the scores for the second burn patient care plan of the intervention group were higher compared with those of the control group. The simulation method was found to increase students’ knowledge levels, and the employment of the method in nursing education is recommended.
Comparison of Predictive Model of Care Requirements for Burn Patients With Operative Requirements Following Volcanic Burns
Authors: Locke Michelle , Wilton Sophie , Borowczyk Katherine , Stapelberg Francois , Wong She Richard 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
On December 9, 2019, Whakaari/White Island volcano in New Zealand erupted with 47 people on the island. Thirty-one people survived long enough to enter the New Zealand National Burn network—13 were repatriated to Australia within 72 hours and 14 of the remaining 18 were treated at the National Burn Center at Middlemore Hospital in Auckland. Our department has previously published a model to calculate the total operative requirements for any given burn surface area for the first 4 weeks of burn treatment. From this model, we calculated the predicted surgical time and operative visit requirements for each patient and compared this to their actual requirements. Actual requirements were also recorded beyond 4 weeks until discharge. Results show that the average variance for operative minutes was significantly above predicted with both the full-thickness burn model (average variance 3.24) and the electrical burn model (average variance 2.65). There was a wide range in both cases (0.54–6.17 and 0.44–5.06, respectively). There was less variance from predicted values of operative visits required than operative minutes (mean: 1.58; range 0.9–3.02). Overall, the values for patients with smaller burns showed the greatest variability from predictions with regard to the total number of operative visits during the first 4 weeks of care. Additionally, patients with burn size greater than 50% TBSA required significant theater access beyond 4 weeks. Analysis of these findings will assist with future planning in both disaster and non-disaster settings in the provision of burn care.
Proof Systems for 3-valued Logics Based on Gödel’s Implication
Authors: Avron Arnon 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The logic $G3^{&lt;}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$ was introduced in Robles and Mendéz (2014, Logic Journal of the IGPL, 22, 515–538) as a paraconsistent logic which is based on Gödel’s 3-valued matrix, except that Kleene–Łukasiewicz’s negation is added to the language and is used as the main negation connective. We show that $G3^{&lt;}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$ is exactly the intersection of $G3^{\{1\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$ and $G3^{\{1,0.5\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$, the two truth-preserving 3-valued logics which are based on the same truth tables. (In $G3^{\{1\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$ the set ${\cal D}$ of designated elements is $\{1\}$, while in $G3^{\{1,0.5\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$ ${\cal D}=\{1,0.5\}$.) We then construct a Hilbert-type system which has (MP) for $\to $ as its sole rule of inference, and is strongly sound and complete for $G3^{&lt;}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$. Then we show how, by adding one axiom (in the case of $G3^{\{1\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$) or one new rule of inference (in the case of $G3^{\{1,0.5\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$), we get strongly sound and complete systems for $G3^{\{1\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$ and $G3^{\{1,0.5\}}_{{{}^{\scriptsize{-}}}\!\!\textrm{L}}$. Finally, we provide quasi-canonical Gentzen-type systems which are sound and complete for those logics and show that they are all analytic, by proving the cut-elimination theorem for them.
Social Media Use and Adolescents’ Self-Esteem: Heading for a Person-Specific Media Effects Paradigm
Authors: Valkenburg Patti , Beyens Ine , Pouwels J Loes , van Driel Irene I , Keijsers Loes 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEighteen earlier studies have investigated the associations between social media use (SMU) and adolescents’ self-esteem, finding weak effects and inconsistent results. A viable hypothesis for these mixed findings is that the effect of SMU differs from adolescent to adolescent. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a preregistered three-week experience sampling study among 387 adolescents (13–15 years, 54% girls). Each adolescent reported on his/her SMU and self-esteem six times per day (126 assessments per participant; 34,930 in total). Using a person-specific, N = 1 method of analysis (Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling), we found that the majority of adolescents (88%) experienced no or very small effects of SMU on self-esteem (−.10 &lt; β &lt; .10), whereas 4% experienced positive (.10 ≤ β ≤ .17) and 8% negative effects (−.21 ≤ β ≤ −.10). Our results suggest that person-specific effects can no longer be ignored in future media effects theories and research.
Father– and Mother–Child Reminiscing About Past Pain and Young Children’s Cognitive Skills
Authors: Lund Tatiana , Pavlova Maria , Kennedy Madison , Graham Susan A , Peterson Carole , Dick Bruce , Noel Melanie 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective Painful experiences are common, distressing, and salient in childhood. Parent-child reminiscing about past painful experiences is an untapped opportunity to process pain-related distress and, similar to reminiscing about other distressing experiences, promotes children’s broader development. Previous research has documented the role of parent-child reminiscing about past pain in children’s pain-related cognitions (i.e., memories for pain), but no study to date has examined the association between parent-child reminiscing about past painful experiences and children’s broader cognitive skills. Design and Methods One hundred and ten typically developing four-year-old children and one of their parents reminisced about a past painful autobiographical event. Children then completed two tasks from the NIH Toolbox Cognitive Battery, the Flanker Inhibitory Control & Attention Test and the Picture Sequence Memory Test, to measure their executive function and episodic memory, respectively. Results Results indicated that the relation between parental reminiscing style and children’s executive function was moderated by child sex, such that less frequent parental use of yes-no repetition questions was associated with boys’ but not girls’, greater performance on the executive function task. Children displayed greater episodic memory performance when their parents reminisced using more explanations. Conclusions The current study demonstrates the key role of parent-child reminiscing about pain in children’s broader development and supports the merging of developmental and pediatric psychology fields. Future longitudinal research should examine the directionality of the relation between parent-child reminiscing about past pain and children’s developmental outcomes.
Icariin ameliorates partial sciatic nerve ligation induced neuropathic pain in rats: an evidence of in silico and in vivo studies
Authors: Pokkula Swapna , Thakur Santh Rani 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a chronic inflammation of the sciatic nerve, associated with complex pathophysiological events like neuronal ectopic discharge with changes in neurotransmitters, growth factors, receptors/ion channels including N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors, Transient receptor cation channels, Voltage-gated calcium channels. All these events eventually lead to inflammation and apoptosis of the sciatic nerve in NP. Icariin (ICA), a natural flavonoid is well known for its anti-inflammatory potential. Hence, the present study is designed to evaluate its anti-inflammatory potential against neuropathic pain using in silico and in vivo studies.

Methods
In silico studies were conducted using targets of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype-2B (NR2B), The capsaicin receptor transient receptor cation channel subfamily-V member-1 (TRPV1), N-type voltage-gated calcium (CaV2.2) channels. In in vivo studies, after partial sciatic nerve ligation surgery to animals, received their respective treatment for 21 days, further TNF-α, IL-6, Bax (proapoptotic) and Bcl-2 (antiapoptotic) expressions were estimated.

Key findings
ICA decreased the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, Bax and increased expression of Bcl-2. In silico studies revealed a good energy binding score towards NR2B, TRPV1 receptors and CaV2.2 ion Channel.

Conclusions
ICA could be a promising agent in alleviating neuropathic pain by inhibiting NR2B, TRPV1 receptors and Cav2.2 channels, which induces anti-apoptotic potential and inhibits inflammation.
Interstitial multicatheter HDR-brachytherapy as accelerated partial breast irradiation after second breast-conserving surgery for locally recurrent breast cancer
Authors: Chatzikonstantinou Georgios , Strouthos Iosif , Scherf Christian , Köhn Janett , Solbach Christine , Rödel Claus , Tselis Nikolaos 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of interstitial multicatheter high dose rate brachytherapy (imHDR-BRT) as accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) after second breast-conserving surgery (BCS) in patients with ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR). Between January 2010 and December 2019, 20 patients with IBTR who refused salvage mastectomy (sMT) were treated with second BCS and post-operative imHDR-BRT as APBI. All patients had undergone primary BCS followed by adjuvant external beam radiotherapy. Median imHDR-BRT dose was 32 Gy delivered in twice-daily fractions of 4 Gy. Five-year IBTR-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), overall survival (OS) as well as toxicity and cosmesis were evaluated in the present retrospective analysis. Median age at recurrence and median time from the first diagnosis to IBTR was 65.1 years and 12.2 years, respectively. After a median follow-up of 69.9 months, two patients developed a second local recurrence resulting in 5-year IBTR free-survival of 86.8%. Five-year DMFS and 5-year OS were 84.6% and 92.3%, respectively. Grade 1–2 fibrosis was noted in 60% of the patients with no grade 3 or higher toxicity. Two (10%) cases of asymptomatic fat necrosis were documented. Cosmetic outcome was classified as excellent in 6 (37.5%), good in 6 (37.5%), fair in 3 (18.75%) and poor in 1 (6.25%) patient, respectively. We conclude that imHDR-BRT as APBI re-irradiation is effective and safe for IBTR and should be considered in appropriately selected patients.
Fenestration of the common iliac vein: an unusual cause of deep venous thrombus
Authors: Dinh Krystal , Manuel Lucy , McGill Alison , Daly Thomas 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Iliac venous anomalies are reported in 20.9% of patients; however, fenestration or bifurcation of the common iliac vein only accounts for ~0.4% of patients [ 1]. Herein, we present and discuss the rare case of an iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis precipitated by a fenestrated left common iliac vein.
A ∼75 per cent occurrence rate of debris discs around F stars in the β Pic moving group
Authors: Pawellek Nicole , Wyatt Mark , Matrà Luca , Kennedy Grant , Yelverton Ben 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Only 20 per cent of old field stars have detectable debris discs, leaving open the question of what disc, if any, is present around the remaining 80 per cent. Young moving groups allow to probe this population, since discs are expected to have been brighter early on. This paper considers the population of F stars in the 23 Myr-old β Pictoris moving group (BPMG) where we find that 9/12 targets possess discs. We also analyse archival ALMA data to derive radii for four of the discs, presenting the first image of the 63 au radius disc of HD 164249. Comparing the BPMG results to disc samples from ∼45-Myr and ∼150-Myr-old moving groups, and to discs found around field stars, we find that the disc incidence rate in young moving groups is comparable to that of the BPMG and significantly higher than that of field stars. The BPMG discs tend to be smaller than those around field stars. However, this difference is not statistically significant due to the small number of targets. Yet, by analysing the fractional luminosity versus disc radius parameter space, we find that the fractional luminosities in the populations considered drop by two orders of magnitude within the first 100 Myr. This is much faster than expected by collisional evolution, implying a decay equivalent to 1/age2. We attribute this depletion to embedded planets, which would be around 170 Mearth to cause a depletion on the appropriate time-scale. However, we cannot rule out that different birth environments of nearby young clusters result in brighter debris discs than the progenitors of field stars that likely formed in a more dense environment.