bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collaborative Platform for Remote Manufacturing Systems Using Industrial Internet and Digital Twin in the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Lee Jay , Jia Xiaodong , Yang Qibo , Sun Keyi , Li Xiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In the wake of COVID-19, significant influence on the manufacturing industries has been observed in the past year due to the restrictions of in-person communications and interactions. As a consequence, manufacturing efficiency has reduced remarkably all over the world. Despite the great harm to the industrial operations under the pandemic, the opportunities for remote collaborative manufacturing system also arise. Effective and efficient remote manufacturing systems for the real industries have been highly demanded. Through the integration of industrial internet and digital twin systems, the remote manufacturing system can be largely facilitated. This paper proposes a general framework for the remote manufacturing system during the COVID-19 era. The concept of the intelligent collaborative remote manufacturing system is firstly reviewed, as well as discussions of the current pandemic situation and its influence on the industries. The current commercial platforms of the systems are also presented. A case study on the lighthouse factories at the Foxconn Technology Group is finally presented for understanding the implementation of the proposed strategy. The effectiveness of the framework has been validated in the real industrial scenarios, and great economic and operational benefits have been obtained. The proposed framework offers a promising solution for the remote manufacturing system under the current pandemic.
Human Motion Position Prediction for Human-Robot Collaboration in Manufacturing Considering Point Cloud Completion Of Human Joint
Authors: Hu Yang , Liu Zitong , Xu Feng , Liu Jiayi , Xu Wenjun , Feng Hao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The research of human-robot collaboration for intelligent manufacturing is being paid gradually increasing attention due to high flexibility and high manufacturing efficiency. Comparing with the traditional manufacturing with low flexibility, human-robot collaboration in manufacturing system provides more personalized and flexible way to cover the shortages of traditional manufacturing mode. In human-robot collaboration system, human motion position prediction in the collaborative space is an essential prerequisite for ensuring the safety of workers. In this paper, 3D sensor Kinect is utilized to directly obtain human joint information. A partial circle delimitation method is used to solve the offset phenomenon of human joint obtained by Kinect, so as to achieve accurate estimation of human joint points. On this basis, an algorithm combing multilayer perceptron and long short-term memory network is explored to predict human motion position accurately. It not only helps to avoid complex feature extraction due to its end-to-end characteristic, but also provide natural interaction manner between human and robot without wearable devices or tags that may become a burden for the former. After that, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method makes predicting results accurate, and provides the reliable basis for human position prediction in the human-robot collaboration. This research could be applied to the human motion position prediction in human-robot collaboration process.
Edge Computing Enhanced Digital Twins for Smart Manufacturing
Authors: Huang Huiyue , Xu Xun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Digital Twin is one of the key enabling technologies for smart manufacturing in the context of Industry 4.0. The combination with advanced data analytics and information and communication technologies allows Digital Twins to perform real-time simulation, optimization and prediction to their physical counterparts. Efficient bi-directional data exchange is the foundation for Digital Twin implementation. However, the widely mentioned cloud-based architecture has disadvantages, such as high pressure on bandwidth and long latency time, which limit Digital Twins to provide real-time operating responses in dynamic manufacturing processes. Edge computing has the characteristics of low connectivity, the capability of immediate analysis and access to temporal data for real-time analytics, which makes it a fit-for-purpose technology for Digital Twin development. In this paper, the benefits of edge computing to Digital Twin are first explained through the reviews of the two technologies. The Digital Twin functions to be performed at the edge are then elaborated. After that, how the data model will be used in the edge for data mapping to realize the Digital Twin is illustrated and the data mapping strategy based on the EXPRESS schemas is discussed. Finally, a case study is carried out to verify the data mapping strategy based on EXPRESS schema. This research work refers to ISO/DIS 23247 Automation systems and integration — Digital Twin framework for manufacturing.
Feasibility and Provisional Efficacy of Embedding High-Intensity Interval Training Into Physical Education Lessons: A Pilot Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Harris Nigel , Warbrick Isaac , Atkins Denise , Vandal Alain , Plank Lindsay , Lubans David R. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of generalist school teachers delivering curriculum connected high-intensity interval training in a school’s physical education class time. Method: Two schools volunteered to participate. A total of 84 students (11.9 [0.5] y, M = 64 and F = 19) volunteered to participate. Four classes from 2 schools were randomized to either intervention (n = 53) or control (n = 31) for one school term (8 wk). Intervention class teachers participated in a 1-day workshop instructing them how to deliver twice weekly, high-intensity interval training sessions. The control classes continued with their usual physical education curriculum. Recruitment, intervention fidelity, and program satisfaction were assessed. Preliminary efficacy (primary outcome cardiorespiratory fitness) was quantified using generalized linear mixed models, expressed as effect size. A range of secondary outcomes was also assessed. Results: The recruitment rate was 88%. About 84% of the sessions were delivered. The heart rate peak over all sessions was 89.6% (13%) of the predicted maximum. The intervention teachers reported high levels of satisfaction. Almost all student participants were positive about participating. No adverse events occurred. The adjusted between-group difference for cardiorespiratory fitness was trivial (effect size 0.02). Conclusions: This teacher-delivered high-intensity interval training program was feasible and acceptable to both teachers and student participants. It is therefore potentially scalable.
Development and validation of a deep learning system to classify aetiology and predict anatomical outcomes of macular hole
Authors: Xiao Yu , Hu Yijun , Quan Wuxiu , Yang Yahan , Lai Weiyi , Wang Xun , Zhang Xiayin , Zhang Bin , Wu Yuqing , Wu Qiaowei , Liu Baoyi , Zeng Xiaomin , Lin Zhanjie , Fang Ying , Hu Yu , Feng Songfu , Yuan Ling , Cai Hongmin , Li Tao , Lin Haotian , Yu Honghua 
Published: August 2021

AimsTo develop a deep learning (DL) model for automatic classification of macular hole (MH) aetiology (idiopathic or secondary), and a multimodal deep fusion network (MDFN) model for reliable prediction of MH status (closed or open) at 1 month after vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling (VILMP).MethodsIn this multicentre retrospective cohort study, a total of 330 MH eyes with 1082 optical coherence tomography (OCT) images and 3300 clinical data enrolled from four ophthalmic centres were used to train, validate and externally test the DL and MDFN models. 266 eyes from three centres were randomly split by eye-level into a training set (80%) and a validation set (20%). In the external testing dataset, 64 eyes were included from the remaining centre. All eyes underwent macular OCT scanning at baseline and 1 month after VILMP. The area under the receiver operated characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, speciﬁcity and sensitivity were used to evaluate the performance of the models.ResultsIn the external testing set, the AUC, accuracy, specificity and sensitivity of the MH aetiology classification model were 0.965, 0.950, 0.870 and 0.938, respectively; the AUC, accuracy, specificity and sensitivity of the postoperative MH status prediction model were 0.904, 0.825, 0.977 and 0.766, respectively; the AUC, accuracy, specificity and sensitivity of the postoperative idiopathic MH status prediction model were 0.947, 0.875, 0.815 and 0.979, respectively.ConclusionOur DL-based models can accurately classify the MH aetiology and predict the MH status after VILMP. These models would help ophthalmologists in diagnosis and surgical planning of MH.
Zinc transporter 8 autoantibody testing requires age-related cut-offs
Authors: Grace Sian Louise , Cooper Angela , Jones Angus G , McDonald Timothy James 
Published: August 2021

IntroductionZinc transporter 8 autoantibodies (ZnT8A) are biomarkers of beta cell autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes that have become more widely available to clinicians in recent years. Robust control population-defined thresholds are essential to ensure high clinical specificity in islet autoantibody testing. We aimed to determine the optimal cut-offs for ZnT8A testing.Research design and methods97.5th and 99th centile cut-offs were determined using residual clinical sera from 1559 controls aged between 0 and 83 years with no history of diabetes and a hemoglobin A1c level of less than 6.0% (<42 mmol/mol). ZnT8A were measured by ELISA (RSR, Cardiff, UK) on a Dynex DS2 ELISA robot (Dynex, Preston, UK). We assessed the impact of age-related cut-offs in comparison with the manufacturer’s recommended threshold in a mixed cohort of young-onset (<age 30) diabetes (UNITED study (Using pharmacogeNetics to Improve Treatment in Early-onset Diabetes), n=145).ResultsUsing the manufacturer’s limit of detection, 6 WHO U/mL, 16.2% of people in the control cohort had detectable levels of ZnT8A and those who had detectable ZnT8A were much more likely to be younger (p<0.0001). The 97.5th and 99th centile thresholds were substantially higher in younger participants: 18 and 127 WHO U/mL (tested under 30 years) in comparison with 9 and 21 WHO U/mL (tested 30 years and over). In the UNITED cohort some of those found to be ZnT8A-positive by the manufacturer’s threshold but negative using the appropriate 99% centile cut-off (127 WHO U/mL) displayed characteristics suggestive of type 2 diabetes.ConclusionsAge-related thresholds are needed for ZnT8A testing. In those aged <30 years, use of manufacturers’ recommended cut-offs may result in low test specificity and potentially high rates of false positive test results in patients who do not have autoimmune diabetes.
Institutional infrastructural preconditions and current perioperative anaesthesia practice in patients undergoing transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a cross-sectional study in German heart centres
Authors: Löser Benjamin , Haas Annika , Zitzmann Amelie , Dankert Andre , Treskatsch Sascha , Reuter Daniel A , Haas Sebastian , Glass Änne , Petzoldt Martin 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesTransfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TF-TAVI) is an established therapy for patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis, which requires periprocedural anaesthesia care. In 2015, the German Federal Joint Committee released a directive on minimally invasive heart valve interventions which defines institutional infrastructural requirements in German heart centres. But still generally accepted expert consensus recommendations or national or international guidelines regarding periprocedural anaesthesia management for TF-TAVI are lacking. This nationwide cross-sectional study had two major objectives: first to assess the concordance with existing national regulations regarding infrastructural requirements and second to evaluate the status quo of periprocedural anaesthesia management for patients undergoing TF-TAVI in German heart centres.DesignMulticentre cross-sectional online study to evaluate the periprocedural anaesthesia management.SettingIn this nationwide cross-sectional study, electronic questionnaires were sent out to anaesthesia departments at TF-TAVI-performing centres in Germany in March 2019.Participants78 anaesthesia departments of German heart centres.Results54 (69.2%) centres returned the questionnaire of which 94.4% stated to hold regular Heart Team meetings, 75.9% to have ready-to-use heart-lung machines available on-site, 77.8% to have cardiac surgeons and 66.7% to have perfusionists routinely attending throughout TF-TAVI procedures. Regarding periprocedural anaesthesia management, 41 (75.9%) of the participating centres reported to predominantly use ‘monitored anaesthesia care’ and 13 (24.1%) to favour general anaesthesia. 49 (90.7%) centres stated to use institutional standard operating procedures for anaesthesia. Five-lead ECG, central venous lines, capnometry and intraprocedural echocardiography were reported to be routine measures in 85.2%, 83.3%, 77.8% and 51.9% of the surveyed heart centres.ConclusionsThe concordance with national regulations, anaesthesia management and in-house standards for TF-TAVI vary broadly among German heart centres. According to the opinion of the authors, international expert consensus recommendations and/or guidelines would be helpful to standardise peri interventional anaesthesia care.
Exploring the factors that promote or diminish a psychologically safe environment: a qualitative interview study with critical care staff
Authors: Grailey Kate , Leon-Villapalos Clare , Murray Eleanor , Brett Stephen 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesThis study aimed to quantify the presence of psychological safety (defined as an environment ‘safe for interpersonal risk taking’) in critical care staff, exploring the ways in which this manifested.DesignQualitative interview study incorporating a short quantitative survey.SettingThree intensive care units within one National Health Service Trust in London.ParticipantsThirty participants were recruited from all levels of seniority and roles within the multidisciplinary team. A purposive sampling technique was used, with recruitment ceasing at the point of thematic saturation.InterventionsSemistructured interviews explored attitudes towards psychological safety and contained a quantitative assessment measuring the climate of psychological safety present.ResultsTwenty-eight participants agreed that it was easy to ask for help, with 20 agreeing it is safe to take a risk on the team, demonstrating a strong perception of psychological safety in this group.Our thematic analysis highlighted areas where the context influenced an individual’s psychological safety including personality, culture and leadership. Possible negative consequences of psychological safety included distraction and fatigue for the team leader. We demonstrated that speaking up can be influenced by motivations other than patient safety, such as undermining or self-promotion.ConclusionsOur data demonstrate reassuring levels of psychological safety within the participants studied. This allowed us to explore in depth the participant experience of working within a psychologically safe environment. We add to the current literature by uniquely demonstrating there can be negative consequences to a psychologically safe environment in the healthcare setting. We expand on the influence of context on psychological safety by developing a model, allowing leaders to identify which elements of context can be modified in order to promote speaking up. Team leaders can use these data to help foster a culture of openness, innovation and error prevention while minimising the risk of negative implications
Flavour observables and composite dynamics: leptons
Authors: Goertz Florian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe review lepton flavor physics and corresponding observables in the composite Higgs framework with partial compositeness, considering ‘UV complete’ setups as well as effective and holographic approaches. This includes anarchic flavor setups, scenarios with flavor symmetries, and minimal incarnations of the see-saw mechanism that naturally predict non-negligible lepton compositeness. We focus on lepton flavor violating processes, dipole moments, and on probes of lepton flavor universality, all providing stringent tests of partial compositeness. We discuss the expected size of effects in the different approaches to lepton flavor, which will be useful to understand how a composite lepton sector could look like, given up-to-date experimental constraints.
Association between Smoking Cannabis and Quitting Cigarettes in a Large American Cancer Society Cohort
Authors: Westmaas J. Lee , Strollo Sara E. , Newton Christina C. , Carter Brian D. , Diver W. Ryan , Flanders W. Dana , Stevens Victoria L. , Patel Alpa V. , Alcaraz Kassandra I. , Thrul Johannes , Jacobs Eric J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background:
Cannabis use is increasing, including among smokers, an at-risk population for cancer. Research is equivocal on whether using cannabis inhibits quitting cigarettes. The current longitudinal study investigated associations between smoking cannabis and subsequently quitting cigarettes.

Methods:
Participants were 4,535 adult cigarette smokers from a cohort enrolled in the American Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention Study-3 in 2009–2013. Cigarette quitting was assessed on a follow-up survey in 2015–2017, an average of 3.1 years later. Rates of quitting cigarettes at follow-up were examined by retrospectively assessed baseline cannabis smoking status (never, former, recent), and by frequency of cannabis smoking among recent cannabis smokers (low: ≤3 days/month; medium: 4–19 days/month; high: ≥20 days/month). Logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic factors, smoking- and health-related behaviors, and time between baseline and follow-up.

Results:
Adjusted cigarette quitting rates at follow-up did not differ significantly by baseline cannabis smoking status [never 36.2%, 95% confidence interval (CI), 34.5–37.8; former 34.1%, CI, 31.4–37.0; recent 33.6%, CI, 30.1–37.3], nor by frequency of cannabis smoking (low 31.4%, CI, 25.6–37.3; moderate 36.7%, CI, 30.7–42.3; high 34.4%, CI, 28.3–40.2) among recent baseline cannabis smokers. In cross-sectional analyses conducted at follow-up, the proportion of cigarette smokers intending to quit smoking cigarettes in the next 30 days did not differ by cannabis smoking status (P = 0.83).

Conclusions:
Results do not support the hypothesis that cannabis smoking inhibits quitting cigarette smoking among adults.

Impact:
Future longitudinal research should include follow-ups of &gt;1 year, and assess effects of intensity/frequency of cannabis use and motivation to quit on smoking cessation.
Breast Density Awareness and Knowledge in a Mammography Screening Cohort of Predominantly Hispanic Women: Does Breast Density Notification Matter?
Authors: Austin Jessica D. , Agovino Mariangela , Rodriguez Carmen B. , Terry Mary Beth , Shelton Rachel C. , Wei Ying , Desperito Elise , Schmitt Karen M. , Kukafka Rita , Tehranifar Parisa 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background:
New York State law mandates that women with dense breasts receive a written notification of their breast density (BD) and its implications, but data on the impact of dense breast notification (DBN) on BD awareness and knowledge in diverse populations remain limited.

Methods:
Between 2016 and 2018, we collected survey and mammographic data from 666 women undergoing screening mammography in New York City (ages 40–60, 80% Hispanic, 69% Spanish-speaking) to examine the impact of prior DBN on BD awareness by sociodemographic and breast cancer risk factors, and describe BD knowledge by sources of information.

Results:
Only 24.8% of the overall sample and 34.9% of women receiving DBN had BD awareness. In multivariable models adjusting for DBN, awareness was significantly lower in women who were Spanish-speaking [OR, 0.16; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.09–0.30 vs. English speakers], were foreign-born (OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.16–0.58 vs. U.S.-born), and had lower educational attainment (e.g., high school degree or less; OR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.08–0.26 vs. college or higher degree). Women receiving DBN were more likely to be aware of BD (OR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.59–4.27) but not more knowledgeable about the impact of BD on breast cancer risk and detection. However, women reporting additional communication about their BD showed greater knowledge in these areas.

Conclusions:
DBN increases BD awareness disproportionately across sociodemographic groups.

Impact:
Efforts to improve communication of DBN must focus on addressing barriers in lower socioeconomic and racially and ethnically diverse women, including educational and language barriers.
ERK Inhibition Improves Anti–PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Preclinical Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Henry Kelly E. , Mack Kyeara N. , Nagle Veronica L. , Cornejo Mike , Michel Adam O. , Fox Ian L. , Davydova Maria , Dilling Thomas R. , Pillarsetty Nagavarakishore , Lewis Jason S. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) do not benefit from immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) along the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Variable PD-L1 expression in PDAC indicates a potential access issue of PD-L1–targeted therapy. To monitor target engagement of PD-L1–targeted therapy, we generated a PD-L1–targeted PET tracer labeled with zirconium-89 (89Zr). As the MAPK signaling pathway (MEK and ERK) is known to modulate PD-L1 expression in other tumor types, we used [89Zr]Zr-DFO-anti–PD-L1 as a tool to noninvasively assess whether manipulation of the MAPK signaling cascade could be leveraged to modulate PD-L1 expression and thereby immunotherapeutic outcomes in PDAC. In this study, we observed that the inhibition of MEK or ERK is sufficient to increase PD-L1 expression, which we hypothesized could be leveraged for anti–PD-L1 immune checkpoint therapy. We found that the combination of ERK inhibition and anti–PD-L1 therapy corresponded with a significant improvement of overall survival in a syngeneic mouse model of PDAC. Furthermore, IHC analysis indicates that the survival benefit may be CD8+ T-cell mediated. The therapeutic and molecular imaging tool kit developed could be exploited to better structure clinical trials and address the therapeutic gaps in challenging malignancies such as PDAC.