bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Roughness Index as Road Performance Indicator: A Literature Review
Authors: Dela Cruz Orlean G. , Mendoza Christian A. , Lopez Kristel D. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Rough pavements have a substantial influence on public approval, safety, and the economy. It is imperative to understand road surface conditions, particularly in decision-making processes for road maintenance, asset management, maintenance planning, and programming. In interpreting road pavement conditions, there are various methods of determining metrics and parameters. Thus, ride quality is one of the essential requirements for travelers to check road pavements. Addressing the identified research gaps is needed: 1) sensitivity of IRI values, 2) inaccuracy between no. of vehicles’ wheels, 3) characteristics of Android-based smartphones used, and 4) age of pavement. Results show the need for developing an index of roughness, representing urban roads’ unique features and predicting users’ road conditions. It is an impressive win for a model that would cover all the identified gaps—further recommends that future researchers consider the cause of when, how, and why a pavement deteriorates, given that there are different pavement situations. Thus, it complements the analysis results significantly and provides a better picture of the paving conditions.
Assessment of the Impact of Changing Land Use and land Cover on the Peak Discharges of a Tropical Watershed: A Study of the Davao River Basin
Authors: Santos F D , Sablan K A D , Gonzales C E , Gonzales W E 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Urbanization has spread throughout the globe. Accompanied by rapid population growth, urbanization has resulted in the change of land use/land cover manifested by conversion of forests to impervious areas and subsequent alteration of the hydrology in the area. This study sheds light on the impacts of such land cover changes to peak discharges in the Davao River Basin as a result of the watershed alterations. Land cover from 2010 and 2018 were used to represent two (2) levels of urbanization (increasing with year). These were generated from spatial analysis of MODIS imagery data in ArcGIS. This was used in the hydrologic simulation in HEC-HMS to gather the peak discharges for the two events. An increase in peak discharge is observed along with an increase in urbanization. Furthermore, the additional 1.12% of land converted to an impervious area of the basin lead to an increase in peak discharge of 105.85% in the simulations. Moreover, the conversion of areas to impermeable surfaces led to a 52.23% decrease in the infiltration capacity of the sub basins.
Evaluation of Mechanical Properties on High Performance Concrete using Steel Fibres
Authors: Shruthi B K 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper presents an experimental study to check the mechanical properties of high-performance steel fibre reinforced concrete (HPSFRC) in comparison with plain high-performance concrete (HPC). The tests were conducted in two parts. In the first part, compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength of HPC were tested with varying percentage of combination of silica fume (SF) and ground granulated blast furnace (GGBS) to determine the optimum values of mineral admixtures. Then with the incorporation of steel fibres in HPC mix with 0.65% volume fraction (Vf) and optimized values of combination of 9% SF and 30% GGBS, mechanical properties were evaluated. The experimental studies on HPSFRC showed significant enhancement in mechanical properties. By comparing the results with plain HPC, it was found that the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strengths at 28 days were improved by 11%, 47% and 51.2% respectively.
Ground Water Management in Gujarat: An Empirical Study
Authors: Shanthakumar S , Banerjee M , Batas A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
With the emergence of industries, advent of new agriculture technologies and increase in water consumption of domestic households, there has been an escalation in the consumption of the underground water in the state of Gujarat. In this research paper, the authors have analysed the legal policies to regularize the availability of underground water in Gujarat. The authors have conducted an empirical study based on three districts of Gujarat i.e., Gandhinagar, Ahmedabad and Baroda to find out the usage of underground water for domestic purposes and also to explore what alternative methods are adopted by these households to replenish the underground water used by the residents of these districts. The authors have concluded that majority of people are relying on underground water along with the water supplied by the city corporation and scarcely any household from the above-mentioned districts have a system to replenish the underground water through mode like rainwater harvesting. Further, the authors have summarized and recommended a few strategic steps that can be sorted for underground water problem in Gujarat.
Strength Parameters of Blended Recycled Aggregate for M40 Self-Compacted Concrete
Authors: Malagavelli Venu , Siva Rama Krishna S , Tarun Kumar K , Siva Chennakesava Rao M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Waste material like building demolition waste is creating lot of environmental problems. Apart from this even industrial waste is also polluting environment. This waste material can be utilized in making of concrete. Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is one of the high-performance concrete (HPC), which will be spread like a liquid and there is no need of compacting the concrete. The ingredients are same as the normal concrete with some modification in the mix design, so that concrete will become SCC. An attempt has been made to develop the SCC with industrial waste materials. In the present investigation Nan Su mix design has been chosen for development of SCC. For the experiments 10% of recycled aggregate and 20% fly ash and 1% of superplasticizer has been used for making of SCC. The number of samples prepared are 12 numbers of 15X15X15cm cubes and 12 cylinders of 15X30cm casted for both conventional and SCC mixes. These specimens are tested for compressive and split tensile strengths after 7 and 28 days of curing. The results show decrease in the strengths of SCC with recycled aggregate.
Seismic Analysis of Tall Structures
Authors: Gawande Sumit , Amte Uday , Agrawal Siddharth , Saonerkar Abhishek , Dabhekar Kuldeep R , Khedikar Isha P , Agrawal Rahul 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, tall structures have turned out to be a great engineering wonder. From past earthquakes information, it is demonstrated that a significant number of structures are harmed or destroyed due to earthquakes, therefore, it becomes necessary to decide and analyze seismic reactions over the structure. Earthquake can cause huge destructive to the structure. There is a need of seismic study and planning to protect the structure from earthquake. The analysis of the structures is to determine the deformations and forces induced by applied load or because of ground movements so as to resist earthquakes while designing the buildings. Depending on the intent of the study, a variety of methods are available. In this, seismic response of residential G+7 reinforced cement concrete frame building is analyzed by equivalent static method and by using STAAD. PRO software as per IS 1893(Part1): 2016.
Performance Comparison of Concrete Composites for Sustainable Construction
Authors: Patel Dhruva , Tiwari Aryan , Nikhare Nishant , Shinde Rohit , Dubey Ashutosh , Shah Manan , Sandbhor Sayali , Hire Shalaka 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Concrete is an essential component of every civil engineering project. Advanced concrete is a concrete that has been adapted to meet the needs and specifications of the building construction. The main objective of this paper is to study the advanced concrete and performance comparison of the concrete composites for sustainable construction. As traditional concrete cannot be used in all types of construction, this study presents certain advance concrete composites along with its properties in order to help the contractors and engineers in the selection of the most suitable composite as per the required construction.
Mitigation Strategies of Cyclonic and Heavy Winds on Structures: A Review
Authors: Ruchir A J 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
India is one of the most vulnerable areas to tropical Cyclones, which experiences an average of 4-5 tropical cyclones every year. As per the definition of the World Meteorological Organisation (WMO, 1976), the wind speed which exceeds ‘Gale Force’ (minimum of 34 knots or 63 kmph) is considered a Cyclone. Cyclones are usually associated with high-speed winds followed by heavy rains, which leads to untold misery to the populace and devastation to properties, especially buildings. Therefore, it is necessary to have adequate knowledge of cyclone prediction systems and Cyclone resistant structures. This review Journal discusses cyclone-warning systems and various techniques adopted for Cyclone resistant structures by studying wind behaviour for different shaped structures. The findings conclude that shape modification, corner modification (especially chamfer and round shape) have shown reasonable results for improving the longevity of structures subjected to high wind speeds. Further, dynamic response of tall buildings can be minimised by increasing the structural stiffness, shear walls in appropriate location and use of viscous dampers, tuned mass dampers (TMD) etc.
Influence of Soil Gradation and Moulding Water Content on Fresh Adobe Mixes
Authors: Joshi Ashwin M , Adiga Madhura , Jagadish K S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The gradation characteristics of soil play an important role in the strength and durability characteristics of soil-based construction material like soil-cement blocks, adobe, rammed earth, mud concrete, and so on. In addition, the water content at which these stabilized soil-cement composites are moulded along with the quantity of stabilizer content also influence their characteristics. The water content at which the adobe is pugged and moulded is also important. The current study attempts to understand the influence of soil gradation, especially the variation of silt and clay content, at a constant stabilizer content on the pugging moisture of the fresh stabilized adobe mixes. The experimental program also attempts to understand and establish the relation between optimum moisture content and optimum pugging moisture, the fresh moulded density etc for stabilized adobe mixes.
A Short Review on Numerical Modelling Approaches for Seismic Evaluation Performance of Nuclear Power Plant Structures
Authors: Phan Van-Tien , Vu Xuan-Hung , Vo Trong-Cuong , Nguyen Duy-Duan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Nuclear power plant (NPP) structures play a crucial role in protecting the safety of the whole plant. Overall, NPP structures have complex shapes and large dimensions. Therefore, the decision of an appropriate finite element model for seismic response analysis is important. This study presents a brief review of various numerical modelling approaches for seismic evaluation performance of NPP structures. Different conventional models, i.e. lumped-mass stick model (LMSM), full three-dimensional finite element model (3D FEM), elastic solid element model (ESM), and multi-layer shell model (MLSM), which have been applied in modelling nuclear structures, are introduced. Also, the advantages and drawbacks of those models are analysed. Furthermore, a new model namely, beam-truss model (BTM), which is recently proposed, is highlighted. It reveals that LMSM is the most simplified approach for structural modelling of NPP structures. However, it is normally used for linear analyses and not able to simulate the local behaviours and vertical responses of the complex NPP structures. Even though 3D FEM is the most sufficient method for nonlinear seismic response analyses, this approach is very time-consuming and costly computation. MLSM and BTM are recommended as practical and efficient models for nonlinear analyses of NPP structures.
Urban Water Consumption and its Influencing Factor Identification using Water Decision Support System
Authors: Mousi P , Bhuvaneswari V 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Due to population growth and economic development, the water shortage in many urban cities has become a serious concern for sustainability and management. In-house surveys and in-person monitoring of water consumption is a tedious task. To overcome this difficulty Geographic Information System helps in finding the optimal solution. The study on existing literature outlines the major underlying issues and challenges in analyzing water consumption patterns. The objective of this work is to identify urban water consumption patterns and ways to provide a surplus supply of water using geographic Information. The results reveal that the urban areas with a high economy consume more water than the low-income group. As a feasible solution, a simple water decision support system is proposed with the help of GIS to overcome the upcoming challenges.
Effect of damping material thickness on vibration analysis in pretension layer damping process
Authors: Mohamed A , Omer A A , Hassan A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Vibration reduction is a critical necessity in many fields of engineering, technology, and industry. As a result, there is a need for vibration management. To restrict or adjust the system’s vibration response, a variety of techniques are employed. In recent years, there has been a lot of enthusiasm for the easy implementation of these vibration-control structures. The damping properties of viscoelastic materials tend to be excellent. Damping is determined by the material’s ability to dissipate energy. To minimise the vibration of vibrating surfaces, viscoelastic materials are commonly used. In this study, viscoelastic material (Dyad 606) is applied on the AL plate in the form of free layer damping and pretension layer damping. First aluminium structure using free layer damping and another one using pretension layer damping by applying tension load (two layers of damping plates, one on the top surface of the Al alloy and the other on the lower face). Passive vibration damping of the plate is achieved. These layers are influenced by axial uniform distributed load. The damping behaviour of the AL Plate is discussed in relation to the thickness variation of the pre-tension damping material. The results show that the loss factor and the attenuation percentage of the structure with pretension layer damping are increased as compared to free layer damping. It is also found that the most effective thickness of the damping material to increase the damping capacity of the framework is around half the base plate thickness
Vibration damping of aircraft propeller blades using shunted piezoelectric transducers
Authors: Morad A M , Kamel M , Khalil M K 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Gas turbine engine blades experience vibrations due to the flow disturbances, these vibrations are critical to the engine durability and performance. Piezoelectric transducers (sensors and actuators) have been used for engine blade vibrations damping either through a passive or active vibration control. The propeller blades are part of turboprop engine and considered as one of the main source of turboprop engine vibrations. Piezoelectric blade damping ideas have been studied by other researchers for fan blades and compressor blades. In this research a vibration damping procedure using piezoelectric transducers applied to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) composite propeller. Experimental investigation introduces an approach for the propeller vibration damping using piezoelectric transducers in conjunction with appropriate shunt circuit. Three thin piezoelectric transducers macro fiber composite (MFC) type PZT-5A are surface-mounted on the propeller, one at each blade. These transducers are placed at locations of high modal strain areas for the propeller first mode at each blade, where these locations are identified by finite element numerical simulation. Electronic resonance shunt circuit, resistor-inductor-capacitor type, for the piezoelectric transducers is designed and experimentally developed such that effective vibration suppression of the propeller is achieved. The experimental and numerical investigations in this research illustrate that piezoelectric transducers with appropriate shunt circuit reduces the aircraft propeller vibrations.
Effective electromagnetic interference shielding using polyurethane / graphite composite foam materials
Authors: Oraby H , Tantawy H R , Naeem I , Magdy M , Ezz A A , Senna M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Conversely, to metallic based electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials; composite polymer-based foams are normally lightweight, cheaper than metals, and less sensitive to types of environmental degradation. In this work polyurethane - Graphite composite (PU-G) foam materials were prepared with different filler concentrations. Different characterization tools such as Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), were used to identify the structural and topological construction of the prepared composites. Further mechanical properties for the prepared samples were studied to elucidate the opportunity of utilizing these composites in applied applications, specifically for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding efficiency (SE) for aerospace applications. Also, in order to adjust this research in the area of aerospace EMI SE, the evaluations were executed in the X-band at (8-12) GHz. The obtained data indicated that the moreover in filler concentration enhanced the compressive strength and compressive modulus of the prepared samples. Moreover EMI SE reached -44 dB with 30 wt % graphite concentration. Finally polyurethane – graphite composite foam material can be taken into consideration a gratifying material to be utilised in EMI SE.
On the effect of post-processing techniques of the additively manufactured aluminum alloy parts
Authors: Maamoun A H 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing of metals promises a significant impact on the upcoming industrial revolution “Industry 4.0” as it is considered one of its main pillars. However, some challenges related to high initial cost and the fabricated part’s quality still existed. Selective laser melting (SLM) is one of the effective techniques used for additive manufacturing to fabricate metal products. This paper presents the impact of different post-processing treatments on the microstructure and surface quality of the AlSil0Mg parts fabricated using SLM. This work illustrates the analytical view of the results obtained from two studies in a previous work by the author. A process map is presented for thermal post-processing treatment to customize the required quality and material characteristics of the AlSil0Mg parts. In addition, the shot peening results in a significant improvement for both surface roughness and hardness is illustrated. This work is a part of developing the manufacturing process of additively manufactured lightweight parts in some critical applications specifically for the metallic mirrors used in high power laser systems or wide view space telescopes.
Water recycling system based on adsorption by activated carbon synthesised from c. verum for space exploration; an estimated design
Authors: Ettish M N , Abuzalat O , El-Sayyad G S , Elsayed M A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Water recycling is a crucial component of space flights. In this study, c.verum, a low-cost agricultural by-product abundant in Egypt, which was not utilized before for the preparation of porous carbons, and its ability for recycling water in space stations was estimated. The prepared samples show high porosity and surface area by physical activation. The influences of the pyrolysis temperature and activation hold-up time on the activated carbon’s porosity were studied. The BET surface area and the total pore volume of the prepared carbon were used as the criteria for selecting the optimum preparation parameters. The optimum temperature for pyrolysis was found to be at a temperature of 900°C, hold-up time of two-hour, a nitrogen flow rate of 150 cm3/min, and a heating rate of 10°C/min. However, the optimum activation conditions were at a temperature of 900°C, a CO2 flow rate of 150 cm3/min, a heating rate of 200C/min, and a hold-up time of 120 min. Equilibrium data is used for fitting to Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin isotherms models. The result revealed that the Langmuir model was the finest match for the equilibrium data, with an extreme monolayer adsorption capability of 12.37 mg/g at 25°C. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity decreased with increasing temperature confirmed the exothermic character of the adsorption interaction.
Obstacle avoidance for multi-UAV path planning based on particle swarm optimization
Authors: Mobarez E N , Sarhan A , Ashry M M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Traffic Collision Avoidance System aims to help aircraft to avoid collision with any object or other aircraft. One of the functions of this system is that it avoids threatening UAV to collide, it also addresses each threat separately with the best collision avoidance and the best suitable horizontal separation with other aircraft in the optimal path. In this paper the flight path planning for UAVs was designed to avoid obstacles depending on how the particle swarm was improved. Optimization problems are improved by using swarm dynamics (evolutionary computational technology). This is by describing avoiding obstacles and adapt the path planning for UAVs. The concept of concurrent restructuring has been integrated into path planning to stay away from both static obstacles. This optimization technique designed to decrease processing time and the shortest route of the path planning.