bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simple mechanistic explanation for Barth syndrome and cardiolipin remodeling
Authors: Xu Yang , Phoon Colin K. L. , Ren Mindong , Schlame Michael 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBarth syndrome is a multisystem disorder caused by an abnormal metabolism of the mitochondrial lipid cardiolipin. In this review, we discuss physical properties, biosynthesis, membrane assembly, and function of cardiolipin. We hypothesize that cardiolipin reduces packing stress in the inner mitochondrial membrane, which arises as a result of protein crowding. According to this hypothesis, patients with Barth syndrome are unable to meet peak energy demands because they fail to concentrate the proteins of oxidative phosphorylation to a high surface density in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Navigating Intercultural Relational Dynamics: The Roles of Attachment and Cultural Values
Authors: Paradis Grace , Maffini Cara S. 
Published: October 2021

This study explored attachment and cultural values in relation to conflict management and relationship satisfaction in intercultural relationships. Results indicate that secure attachment is related to greater relationship satisfaction and healthier conflict management. Cultural values of family solidarity, adherence to traditions and customs, and equality are associated with greater relationship satisfaction. When levels of adherence to traditional gender roles are low or moderate, secure attachment is positively related to relationship satisfaction and lower conflict avoidance.Este estudio exploró los valores culturales y de apego respecto a la gestión de conflictos y la satisfacción con la relación en parejas interculturales. Los resultados indican que el apego seguro está relacionado con una mayor satisfacción con la relación y una gestión de conflictos más saludable. Los valores culturales de solidaridad familiar, observancia de tradiciones y costumbres, e igualdad están asociados con una mayor satisfacción con la relación. Cuando los niveles de conformidad con los roles de género tradicionales son bajos o moderados, el apego seguro está relacionado de forma positiva con la satisfacción con la relación y una menor evasión de conflictos.
A Phenomenological Approach to Understanding Sexual Minority College Students in South Korea
Authors: Choi Kyoung Mi , Oh Insoo 
Published: October 2021

We used a phenomenological approach to explore 12 sexual minority Korean college students’ coming out experiences. Emergent themes from in‐depth interviews included (a) expression of universal needs, (b) awareness of sociocultural violence, (c) coping strategies, and (d) cocreating an inclusive culture. These four themes characterize interactions of sociocultural factors, such as gender norms, sexual prejudice, and education with sexual identity development. Findings provide an understanding of the importance of developing effective and empowering strategies for counseling.Doce estudiantes universitarios de minorías sexuales fueron entrevistados en Corea. El análisis de los datos indicó que cuatro temas caracterizan la complejidad de las interacciones de factores socioculturales, como las normas de género, la socialización, la cultura y los prejuicios religiosos o sexuales con el desarrollo de la identidad sexual de los estudiantes universitarios. Los temas incluyeron (a) la expresión de las necesidades universales, (b) estar consciente de la violencia sociocultural, (c) las estrategias de afrontamiento y (d) la cocreación de una cultura inclusiva. Los resultados proporcionan una comprensión de la importancia de desarrollar estrategias efectivas, de empoderamiento e interconexión para la autoconexión y la sociedad coreana.
Identification of DNA methylation by novel optical genosensing: A new platform in epigenetic study using biomedical analysis
Authors: Adampourezare Mina , Dehghan Gholamreza , Hasanzadeh Mohammad , Feizi Mohammad‐Ali Hosseinpoure 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDue to the important role of methylation in cancer, the use of sensitive analytical methods for early diagnosis and efficient clinical pharmacotherapy is highly demanded. In this study, an innovative label‐free method has been developed for the recognition of methylated DNA in the promoter area of adenomatous polyposis coli gene (APC gene). Also, differentiation of unmethylated DNA (GCGGAGTGCGGGTCGGGAAGCGGA) from methylated cDNA (GC(M)GGAGTGC(M)GGGTC(M)GGGAAGC(M)GGA) was performed using optical synthesized probe (thionine‐based polymer). Hybridization of pDNA (TCCGCTTCCCGACCCGCACTCCGC) with various types of cDNA sequences was studied by UV‐visible and fluorescence spectroscopy. Also, some of the mismatch sequences {(GC(M)GGAGTAC(M)GGGTC(M)GGGAAGC(M)GGA) and (GCGGAGTACGGGTCGGGAAGCGGA)} were applied as negative control. For this purpose, The synthesized optical probe was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV‐Vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Under optimal conditions, the analytical performance of engineered DNA‐based assay was studied and exhibited excellent dynamic range (1 zM to 3 pM) with low limit of quantitation (LLOQ) of 1 zM. The designed DNA‐based assay showed a high capability of discriminating methylation, unmethylated and mismatched sequences. The engineered genosensor is simple and inexpensive and can detect DNA methylation with high sensitivity. Therefore, the designed geno‐assay could detect DNA methylation significantly and discriminate from unmethylated DNA. It is expected that the proposed geno‐assay could be used for the detection of DNA methylation, genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations, and early stage diagnosis of various cancer toward efficient clinical pharmacotherapy.
Key concepts in medication management in older persons for pharmacists practicing in non‐geriatric specialties
Authors: Godbole Gauri , Bolitho Richard , Pont Lisa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMedication management for older persons can be complex. With over 50% of all hospital admissions being for people aged over 65 years, understanding age‐related functional, cognitive and social factor changes and their impact on medication use is critical for pharmacists working in most adult medicine areas. This paper provides an overview of critical elements of medication management for older persons for pharmacists. Key elements include age‐related changes impacting medication effectiveness and safety, frailty, geriatric syndromes, polypharmacy and deprescribing, minimising medication‐related harm at transitions of care, dose administration aids and other strategies to support individuals in medication management and multidisciplinary comprehensive geriatric assessment.
Toxicity assessment and detection of benzene extracted from wastewater by saponin biosurfactant using luminescence biosensor
Authors: Hajimohammadi Reza , Johari‐Ahar Mohammad , Asbaghian Namin Seyyed Hosein 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this research, benzene, a toxic compound encountered in industrial wastewater, was extracted using a mixture of saponin and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as anionic surfactants. Also, a biosensor system for assessment of toxicity and detection of extracted benzene was designed using the Luc strains of luminescent Escherichia coli. Results showed saponin and SDS were synergistic for the extraction of benzene. An optimal hydrophilic–lipophilic balance value for extraction was determined to be about 24.1, representing a mixture of 40 wt% SDS and 60% saponin. Under optimal conditions, the concentration of extracted benzene in extraction phase reached 27 ppm. When extracted benzene solution was injected into the biosensor system, the luminescence level of biosensor decreased dramatically, reflecting toxicity. The concentration of benzene in the extracted solution correlated well with toxicity levels measured by the biosensor system. Using the luminescence biosensor system, the half‐maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of benzene was about 26.2 ppm. Our results demonstrate that the designed biosensor system has good sensitivity for toxicity assessment of extracted benzene, and therefore can be proposed as an approach to detect of benzene and other toxic compounds in wastewater.
Stability and bioavailability of protein matrix‐encapsulated astaxanthin ester microcapsules
Authors: Yang Lu , Li Fei , Cao Xinyu , Qiao Xing , Xue Changhu , Xu Jie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDAstaxanthin ester derived from Haematococcus pluvialis is often used as a functional and nutritional ingredient in foods. However, its utilization is currently limited as a result of its chemical instability and low bioavailability. Food matrix microcapsules are becoming increasingly popular because of their safety and high encapsulation efficiency. In the present study, the effect of protein matrixes on the properties of microcapsules was evaluated.RESULTSWe investigated the effects of storage on astaxanthin ester microcapsules and the corresponding rehydration solution at 40 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere, as well as in darkness. The results showed that the stability of products prepared based on whey protein (WP) and corn‐gluten was superior to that of products prepared based on lactoferrin, soy protein and sodium caseinate. The bioavailability of astaxanthin ester microcapsules encapsulated with different proteins and examined by means of astaxanthin concentrations in the serum and liver after oral administration was compared. All five protein wall materials could significantly improve the bioavailability of astaxanthin ester. The microcapsules prepared based on WP had the highest bioavailability, with a value of 10.69 ± 0.75 μg·h mL−1, which was 3.15 times higher compared to that of the control group.CONCLUSIONThe results of the present study showed that protein encapsulation, especially WP encapsulation, could effectively improve the stability, water solubility and bioavailability of astaxanthin esters. Thus, WP can be used as the main wall material in delivery systems. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Parathyroid Gland Autofluorescence Characteristics in Patients With Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Law Richard H. , Larrabee Katherine A. , Van Harn Meredith , Singer Michael C. 
Published: October 2021

ObjectiveNear‐infrared imaging for intraoperative parathyroid gland (PG) detection has recently commanded significant attention. The PTeye (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN) is a probe‐based system for near‐infrared autofluorescent evaluation of PGs. This study was designed to evaluate the capabilities of the PTeye in the setting of surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism.Study DesignProspective, Cohort study.MethodsThis single‐institution, prospective cohort study included all patients undergoing parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism with presumed single gland disease from June 2020 to December 2020. Absolute intensity and intensity ratios, with the thyroid as the control tissue, were obtained for the adenoma, ipsilateral normal PG, and adjacent tissue. The ability of the PTeye to function when not in direct contact with tissue was measured.ResultsTwenty‐two patients were included. The median intensity ratio for the in situ adenomas was 4.38 (interquartile range [IQR]: 2.03–5.87), ipsilateral normal PGs 6.17 (IQR: 3.83–7.67), strap muscle 0.47 (IQR: 0.30–0.60), and fat 0.20 (IQR: 0.17–0.47). All normal PGs and 21/22 adenomas demonstrated autofluorescence above the detection threshold. The PTeye functioned at a maximum distance of separation of 10 mm through saline medium and 6 mm through clear solid medium.ConclusionThis study confirms the PTeye's ability to recognize PGs with a high degree of precision. The device was found to function properly even with the probe not in direct contact with the tissue. Although adenomatous PGs appear to demonstrate altered autofluorescent properties from normal PGs, additional research is required to determine if these differences are clinically useful.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:715–721, 2022
Synergistic Effects of Polybenzimidazole and Aramide on Enhancing Flame‐Retardancy and Solubility
Authors: Nag Aniruddha , Ali Mohammed Asif , Zhou Jiabei , Ogawa Makoto , Kaneko Tatsuo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAromatic and functional polymers with processibility derived from biobased starting materials are prerequisite considering sustainable society. Poly(2,5‐benzimidazole)s are rigid‐rod polymers to show ultrahigh thermal stability such as flame retardance, while usually suffer from poor solubility. Here, poly(benzimidazole‐co‐amide)s are synthesized from two biobased monomers, 3,4‐diaminobenzoic acid and a semirigid comonomer, 4‐aminohydrocinnamic acid. The copolymers with an amide composition of 80 mol% and higher are soluble in widely used polar solvents to fabricate the films keeping high flame retardance, which is comparable with popular high‐performance polymers such as aromatic polyimides, polyetheretherketone, polyphenylene sulfide, etc.
Effect of Cross‐Linked Structures on Mechanical Properties of Styrene‐Butadiene Rubber via Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Zhang Jing , Wang Wei , Wang Yinbin , Qiu Chenglong , Mao Chengli , Deng Shengwei , Wang Jian‐guo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractStyrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) is currently the main material for manufacturing passenger car tire treads due to excellent mechanical properties. The SBR is usually subjected to vulcanization treatment to improve the performance. This work uses molecular dynamics simulation to study the uniaxial stretching process of SBR with different cross‐linking degrees, and analyzes the relationship between its molecular chain structures and mechanical properties. The results show that the cross‐linked SBR model begins to deform plastically when the strain reaches 2.2, and there is no overall breaking within the limited deformation (≤4). Instead, it presents the characteristics of continuous partial breaking. Through the energy analysis, the deformation of the SBR system is mainly to overcome the energy required for the transformation of the non‐oriented chain structure to the straight chain structure and the continuous stretching of the chain. In the cross‐linked system, the increase in bond energy and bond angle energy associated with cross‐linking dramatically increases the total energy of the system, thereby affecting the overall mechanical properties. In addition, temperature and strain rate have significant effects on the tensile properties of the cross‐linked SBR system. Especially, the increase in the cross‐linking degree reduces the temperature dependence of its stress‐strain behavior.
Impact of Mild Cognitive Impairment on Quality of Life in Young and Typical Onset Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Holden Heather M. , Schweer Corrin N. , Tröster Alexander I. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTIntroductionYounger age of onset and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are both independently associated with poorer quality of life (QOL) in Parkinson's disease (PD).ObjectivesThe primary objective was to determine whether MCI differentially impacts QOL in young‐onset PD (YOPD) and typical‐onset PD (TOPD).MethodsYOPD patients (n = 77) were diagnosed at age 50 or younger, TOPD (n = 77) were diagnosed after age 50, and the groups were matched for cognitive status, education, and disease duration. Patients' cognitive status was classified as MCI or cognitively normal (CN) based on MDS Level II criteria. QOL was assessed using the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ‐39). ANCOVAs were conducted for each PDQ‐39 subscale, with age of onset and cognitive status as between‐subjects factors and several covariates included.ResultsAn interaction for the Cognition domain revealed that in TOPD, PD‐MCI patients reported poorer QOL than CN patients, whereas there was no effect of MCI on cognitive satisfaction in YOPD. There was a main effect of age on Emotional Well‐Being, as YOPD reported poorer QOL than TOPD in this domain. There were main effects of cognitive status, with PD‐MCI patients reporting worse QOL than CN patients in the domains of Social Support, Communication, ADLs, and Mobility.ConclusionsThe interaction revealed that PD‐MCI has a greater impact on degree of cognitive concerns (“cognitive QOL”) in TOPD versus YOPD. A more nuanced understanding of the effects of age of onset, MCI, and their interactions on QOL in PD will inform interventions aimed at improving quality of life in this population.
Free double‐paddle superficial circumflex iliac perforator flap transfer for partial maxillectomy reconstruction: A case report
Authors: Yamamoto Takumi , Yamamoto Nana , Ishiura Ryohei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPartial maxillectomy for maxillary sinus cancer treatment requires soft tissue reconstruction with enough bulk to occupy the large‐volume defect. Deep inferior epigastric artery‐based flaps and subscapular artery‐based flaps are commonly used, but necessitate invasive muscle dissection or position change and a large recipient vessel. The aim of this report was to present a case of partial maxillectomy defect successfully reconstructed with a superficial circumflex iliac artery (SCIA) perforator (SCIP) flap, to address these drawbacks. A 67‐year‐old female underwent partial maxillectomy for maxillary sinus cancer. The defects included the medial and the caudal aspects of the maxillary sinus with unilateral palate loss. A double‐paddle SCIP flap (19 × 9 cm and 10 × 6 cm) was elevated in a free‐style manner based on the superficial branches of the SICA. The SCIP and its concomitant vein were anastomosed to a facial artery perforator and the angular vein with supermicrosurgical perforator‐to‐perforator anastomosis. Two skin paddles were utilized to reconstruct the defects of the nasal wall and the oral aspects of the palate. Postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient could resume normal oral diet 5 days after surgery. Three years after surgery, there was no cancer recurrence or any postoperative complication, and the patient was satisfied with normal speech and diet, and with concealable donor and recipient scars. Double‐paddle SCIP flap transfer may be an option for reconstruction of a partial maxillectomy defect.
Calculated and experimental 1H and 13C NMR assignments for cannabicitran
Authors: Wood Jared S. , Gordon William H. , Morgan Jeremy B. , Williamson R. Thomas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCannabicitran is an important cannabinoid natural product produced by Cannabis sativa and is often found at surprisingly high levels (up to ~10%) in “purified” commercial cannabidiol (CBD) extract preparations. Despite the prevalence of this molecule in CBD oil and other cannabinoid‐related products, and the rapidly expanding interest in cannabinoids for treatment of a wide range of physiological conditions, only unassigned 1H NMR data and partial unambiguous 13C assignments have been published. Herein, we report the complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments of cannabicitran and comparatively evaluate the performance of several density functional theory (DFT) methods with varying levels of theory for the calculation of NMR chemical shifts.
Unexpected structural/motional mode of water intercalated into an α‐crystalline zirconium phosphate deduced by 31P and 2H solid‐state MAS NMR spectra
Authors: Bakhmutov Vladimir I. , Contreras‐Ramirez Aida , Banerjee Sayan , Zhou Hong‐Cai 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn developing the approach to understanding dynamics of intercalates in layered materials, crystalline‐layered zirconium phosphate Zr (HPO4)2·0.35D2O has been prepared and characterized by the 1H, 31P, and 2H solid‐state MAS NMR spectra, including 31P and 2H T1 measurements. At temperatures >253 K, the intercalated water shows two spectrally‐distinguished deuterons unprecedentedly with different DQCC's and 2H T1 times, one of which is hydrogen bonded. The collected data allowed to identify an unexpected bonding/dynamic mode of water molecules, which experience fast rotation around the hydrogen bond, formed with a zirconium‐coordinated oxygen. The low‐temperature 2H MAS NMR experiments have demonstrated the presence of additional hydrogen bond P(H)O˙˙˙ DO, population of which grows on cooling to 195 K corresponding to the doubly hydrogen‐bonded immobile water molecule.
Immune‐mediated necrotizing myopathy: Unusual presentations of a treatable disease
Authors: Nicolau Stefan , Milone Margherita , Tracy Jennifer A. , Mills John R. , Triplett James D. , Liewluck Teerin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroduction/AimsImmune‐mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is an immune‐mediated myopathy typically presenting with progressive subacute weakness and characteristic, but nonspecific, myopathological findings. Atypical cases however can mimic other inherited or acquired myopathies, depriving patients of treatment. We describe a cohort of such patients.MethodsWe retrospectively identified IMNM patients who either previously carried a diagnosis of an inherited myopathy established on clinicopathological grounds or whose muscle biopsies displayed atypical features suggestive of a different myopathy.ResultsAmong 131 IMNM patients, seven previously unreported patients (5%) met one of the above criteria. Three patients were diagnosed with limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy on the basis of a chronic progressive course of weakness and family history of myopathy or cardiomyopathy. The other four patients displayed atypical histological features (two prominent mitochondrial abnormalities, one myofibrillar pathology, and one granulomatous inflammation). Immunostaining of biopsies from 12 additional IMNM patients did not identify myofibrillar pathology. The patient with granulomatous inflammation was known to have pulmonary sarcoidosis. Genetic testing for inherited myopathies was unrevealing. Antibodies against 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA reductase or signal recognition particle were identified in 5 and 1 patients, respectively. Four patients presented with slowly progressive weakness over 3–13 y, while weakness was subacute over ≤6 mo in three patients. All patients responded to immunomodulatory therapy.DiscussionAtypical clinical and histological features can occur in IMNM patients, causing delays in diagnosis and treatment. Clinicians should, therefore, consider IMNM in the differential diagnosis of unexplained proximal myopathies in spite of atypical clinical and myopathological findings.