bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of ascorbic acid infusion in critically ill patients with transfusion‐related acute lung injury
Authors: Kassem Amira B. , Ahmed Islam , Omran Gamal , Megahed Mohamed , Habib Tamer 
Published: December 2021

IntroductionIn critically ill patients, transfusion‐related acute lung injury (TRALI) remains the leading cause of transfusion‐related fatalities in critical care settings and is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress state. Recent research raised the potential efficacy of high‐dose intravenous ascorbic acid (VC) in critically ill patients.ObjectiveThe aim of this trial was to investigate the effect of high‐dose intravenous VC as a targeted therapy for TRALI in terms of serum proinflammatory (interleukin [IL]‐8, IL‐1β, C‐reactive protein), anti‐inflammatory (IL‐10), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde) markers, and plasma VC levels. Secondary outcomes were oxygenation (PaO2/FiO2 ratio), vasopressor use, duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU length of stay, 7‐day mortality and 28‐day mortality.MethodsEighty critically ill patients with TRALI (n = 80) were randomized to receive 2.5 g/6 h intravenous vitamin C for 96 hours (ASTRALI group) or placebo. Patients were followed up to measure the outcomes initially (T0) and at the end of treatment (T96).ResultsWhen compared to the control group, the ASTRALI group at T96 showed significantly higher median of IL‐10 (31.6 ± 25.8 vs 17.7 ± 12.0 pg/mL, P < .0001) levels and superoxide dismutase (12 876 ± 4627 U/L vs 5895 ± 6632 U/L, P < .0001) activities, and lower median C‐reactive protein (76 ± 50 vs 89 ± 56 mg/L, P = .033), IL‐8 (11.8 ± 7.3 vs 35.5 ± 19.8 pg/mL, P < .0001) and malondialdehyde (0.197 ± 0.034 vs 0.234 ± 0.074 μM/L, P = .002) levels.ConclusionHigh‐dose ascorbic acid was associated with significantly reduced oxidative stress, reduced pro‐inflammatory markers except IL‐1β, elevated anti‐inflammatory marker and elevated plasma VC levels.
Long‐term efficacy of first‐line ibrutinib treatment for chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in patients with TP53 aberrations: a pooled analysis from four clinical trials
Authors: Allan John N. , Shanafelt Tait , Wiestner Adrian , Moreno Carol , O’Brien Susan M. , Li Jianling , Krigsfeld Gabriel , Dean James P. , Ahn Inhye E. 
Published: December 2021

SummaryTP53 aberrations [del(17p) or TP53 mutation] predict poor survival with chemoimmunotherapy in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). We evaluated long‐term efficacy and safety of first‐line ibrutinib‐based therapy in patients with CLL bearing TP53 aberrations in a pooled analysis across four studies: PCYC‐1122e, RESONATE‐2 (PCYC‐1115/16), iLLUMINATE (PCYC‐1130) and ECOG‐ACRIN E1912. The pooled analysis included 89 patients with TP53 aberrations receiving first‐line treatment with single‐agent ibrutinib (n = 45) or ibrutinib in combination with an anti‐CD20 antibody (n = 44). All 89 patients had del(17p) (53% of 89 patients) and/or TP53 mutation (91% of 58 patients with TP53 sequencing results available). With a median follow‐up of 49·8 months (range, 0·1–95·9), median progression‐free survival was not reached. Progression‐free survival rate and overall survival rate estimates at four years were 79% and 88%, respectively. Overall response rate was 93%, including complete response in 39% of patients. No new safety signals were identified in this analysis. Forty‐six percent of patients remained on ibrutinib treatment at last follow‐up. With median follow‐up of four years (up to eight years), results from this large, pooled, multi‐study data set suggest promising long‐term outcomes of first‐line ibrutinib‐based therapy in patients with TP53 aberrations.Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01500733, NCT01722487, NCT02264574 and NCT02048813).
The evolution of the loss of life expectancy in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia: a population‐based study in the Netherlands, 1989–2018
Authors: Maas Carolien C. H. M. , van Klaveren David , Ector Geneviève I. C. G. , Posthuma Eduardus F. M. , Visser Otto , Westerweel Peter E. , Janssen Jeroen J. W. M. , Blijlevens Nicole M. A. , Dinmohamed Avinash G. 
Published: December 2021

SummaryStudies on the conditional life expectancy of patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) are lacking. Using data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry, we examined the life expectancy of patients with CML in the Netherlands diagnosed during 1989–2018. As of the early 2010s, the life expectancy of patients with CML who survived several years after diagnosis came narrowly close to the general population’s life expectancy, regardless of age. This finding can essentially be ascribed to the introduction and broader application of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and provide optimism to patients with CML who can look forward to a near‐normal life expectancy in a modern TKI era.
Psychological distress among care leavers during the transition to adulthood: Risk and protective factors throughout their life course
Authors: Sulimani‐Aidan Yafit , Achdut Netta , Zeira Anat , Benbenishty Rami 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe transition period from care to independent living is a vulnerable time for care leavers who may experience increased mental health problems. This study explored risk and protective factors contributing to and predicting their psychological distress as emerging adults. The study is based on an extensive set of longitudinal administrative records combined with structured phone interviews among a representative sample of 2295 alumni of educational residential care in Israel (24–31 years old). Results indicated the importance of social support from peers and staff while in and after care in predicting lower psychological distress among the young adults. Participating in skills acquisition activities while in care and integration in post‐secondary education also predicted lower psychological distress. In contrast, post‐care material deprivation and lower life satisfaction in the area of finance and work were associated with greater psychological distress. Both the subjective experiences and the objective conditions thus contribute to care leavers' mental health. Our results indicate the importance for policy and practice of approaching mental health issues in a holistic manner.
A homozygous ABHD16A variant causes a complex hereditary spastic paraplegia with developmental delay, absent speech, and characteristic face
Authors: Miyake Noriko , Silva Sebastián , Troncoso Mónica , Okamoto Nobuhiko , Andachi Yoshiki , Kato Mitsuhiro , Iwabuchi Chisato , Hirose Mio , Fujita Atsushi , Uchiyama Yuri , Matsumoto Naomichi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous genetic disease characterized by progressive weakness and spasticity predominantly affecting the lower limbs. Complex HSP is a subset of HSP presenting with additional neuronal and/or non‐neuronal phenotypes. Here, we identify a homozygous ABHD16A nonsense variant in two affected children in a Chilean family. Very recently, two groups reported patients with biallelic ABHD16A whose clinical presentation was similar to that of our patients. By reviewing the clinical features of these reports and our patients, ABHD16A‐related HSP can be characterized by early childhood onset, developmental delay, intellectual disability, speech disturbance, extrapyramidal signs, psychiatric features, no sphincter control, skeletal involvement, thin corpus callosum, and high‐intensity signals in white matter on T2‐weighted brain MRI. In addition, our affected siblings showed a characteristic face, sleep disturbance, and nodular and hyperpigmented skin lesions, which have not previously been reported in this condition.
Supporting languages: The socio‐educational integration of migrant and refugee children and young people
Authors: Horgan Deirdre , Martin Shirley , O’Riordan Jacqui , Maier Reana 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRecent unprecedented levels of migration, while adding cultural and linguistic diversity, places increased pressure on host countries to develop strategies for effectively integrating new arrivals into society. This article draws on data from IMMERSE which uses participatory and co‐creation methodologies with children, parents, educators and policy‐makers to examine and develop key indicators of migrant children's socio‐educational integration. It discusses Irish findings related to language and migrant children's participation and belonging in school, highlighting children's concerns over the lack of a diverse language culture and low value placed on preserving heritage language in Ireland and across all six EU partner countries.
Professional and patient‐reported outcomes of two surgical approaches for implant‐supported single‐crown restoration: 1‐year results of a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Nielsen Helle Baungaard , Schou Søren , Bruun Niels Henrik , Starch‐Jensen Thomas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo test whether there is a difference in professional and patient‐reported outcome measures (PROM) after single‐crown restoration supported by short implants (SI) (6 mm) compared with standard length implants (SLI) (13 mm) in conjunction with maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA) after 1 year of functional implant loading.Material and MethodsForty patients were randomly allocated to SI or SLI/MSFA. PROM included Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐14) questionnaire and subjective assessment of the peri‐implant soft tissue (A), implant crown (B), implant function (C) and overall implant treatment outcome (D) using visual analogue scale (VAS). Professional assessment included pink aesthetic score (PES) and white aesthetic score (WES).ResultsNo significant differences in professional or PROM between the two treatment modalities were revealed at any time point (p > .05). OHIP‐14 score decreased at baseline and 1 year after functional implant loading compared with preoperative measurements indicating improved quality of life with both treatment modalities. The 1‐year mean VAS score was 9.4 (A), 9.3 (B), 9.6 (C) and 9.3 (D) for SI compared with 9.3 (A), 9.6 (B), 9.7 (C) and 9.2 (D) for SLI. The 1‐year mean PES/WES scores were 11.3 and 8.1 for SI compared with 11.2 and 8.1 for SLI/MSFA.ConclusionsProsthetic rehabilitation of the posterior part of the maxilla with SI or SLI/MSFA revealed no significant differences in professional and PROM after 1 year of implant loading.
Over 80% of Africa's savannah conservation land is failing or deteriorating according to lions as an indicator species
Authors: Robson Ashley , Trimble Morgan , Bauer Dominik , Loveridge Andrew , Thomson Paul , Western Guy , Lindsey Peter 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCalls to increase the global area under protection for conservation assume existing conservation areas are effective but, without adequate investment, they may not be. We collected survey data from expert respondents on perceived budgets, management, and threats for 516 protected areas and community conservation areas in savannah Africa to create a Conservation Area Performance Index. Combining this index with an indicative biodiversity outcome—population status of African lion, Panthera leo—we found that 82% of the sampled area was in a state of failure or deterioration, with only 10% in a state of success or recovery. A large proportion of succeeding or recovering conservation areas received external support through collaborative management partnerships. That Africa's current conservation area network—the foundation of conservation efforts—is crumbling complicates proposed strategies to protect additional land. We contend that investing in the effective management of existing conservation areas—potentially through well‐structured collaborative management partnerships—should be prioritized urgently.
Quantification of planarian behaviors
Authors: Inoue Takeshi , Agata Kiyokazu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractResearch on individual behaviors can help to reveal the processes and mechanisms that mediate an animal's habits and interactions with the environment. Importantly, individual behaviors arise as outcomes of genetic programs, morphogenesis, physiological processes, and neural functions; thus, behavioral analyses can be used to detect disorders in these processes. Planarians belong to an early branching bilateral group of organisms that possess a simple central nervous system. Furthermore, planarians display various behavioral responses to the environment via their nervous system. Planarians also have remarkable regenerative abilities, including whole‐brain regeneration. Therefore, the combination of planarians’ phylogenetic position, behavioral properties, regenerative ability, and genetic accessibility provides a unique opportunity to understand the basic mechanisms underlying the anatomical properties of neural morphogenesis and the dynamic physiological processes and neural function. Here, we describe a step‐by‐step protocol for conducting simple behavioral analyses in planarians with the aim of helping to introduce researchers to the utility of performing behavioral analyses in planarians. Since the conditions of planarians impact experimental results and reproducibility, this protocol begins with a method for maintaining planarians. Next, we introduce the behavioral tests as well as the methods for quantifying them using minimal and cost‐effective equipment and materials. Finally, we present a unique RNAi technique that enables conditional silencing of neural activity in the brain of planarians.
The influence of career panels on student perceptions, attitudes, and intentions toward the information systems profession
Authors: Merhout Jeffrey W. , Benamati John ‘Skip’ , Rajkumar T.M. 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTExposure to role models has been recommended as a way to attract and retain students in Information Systems (IS) programs. One way to accomplish this exposure in IS classrooms is with career panels of alumni professionals who offer a realistic perspective of various IS‐related roles and can frankly answer questions from students. For this study, we developed a comprehensive survey instrument based on published literature in order to examine the perceptions and attitudes of business students pre‐ and post‐ exposure to career panels and to validate that career panels indeed positively influence student perceptions and attitudes about IS. Female role models have also been espoused as a way to mitigate negative stereotypes, such as the IS field being a masculine domain or that a desirable work‐life balance is difficult to achieve. Our experimental design varied the gender mix of professionals between all‐male, all‐female, and mixed panels. We found that perceptions affect attitudes, and attitudes, in turn, influence intention to study IS. We also found that these role models positively influence perceptions of IS and that mixed panels influence perceptions more than all‐female and all‐male panels. In addition, we found that female students do not respond differently than male students to all‐female panels.
Incidental TEE finding of aberrant chordae tendineae insertion into the basal septum
Authors: Spencer Christopher , Heller Scott , Singh Karen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA 65‐year‐old female with severe mitral regurgitation presenting for mitral valve replacement was found to have a previously undiagnosed aberrant papillary muscle with thickened chordae tendineae inserting into the basal septum during intra‐operative TEE. Despite its anatomic location, there was no evidence that the aberrant papillary muscle was contributing to the mitral regurgitation or causing left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction. The aberrant papillary muscle was resected during the operation and the patient was separated from cardiopulmonary bypass without complications.
Bi‐atrial thrombus straddling a patent foramen ovale with bilateral embolization: A therapeutic challenge
Authors: Dattani Abhishek , Safwan Kassem , Ansari Mohammedimran , Somani Riyaz 
Published: December 2021

AbstractStroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality across the world and a significant portion of ischemic strokes have a cardiac source. We report a case of a 55‐year‐old male who presented with an ischemic stroke and bilateral pulmonary emboli secondary to an intra‐cardiac thrombus straddling a patent foramen ovale, which was clearly seen using transesophageal echocardiography. We discuss the management dilemma associated with this clinical picture given the risk of hemorrhagic transformation in the acute phase of an ischemic stroke. Our case demonstrates the need for a multidisciplinary approach in an area of medicine that lacks clear guidelines.
A semi‐supervised network based on feature embeddings for image classification
Authors: Nuhoho Raphael Elimeli , Wenyu Chen , Baffour Adu Asare 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDeep learning approaches, including convolutional neural networks, are suitable for image classification tasks with well‐labelled data. Unfortunately, we do not always have sufficiently labelled data. Recent methods attempt to leverage labelled and unlabelled data using fine‐tuning or transfer learning. However, these methods rely on low‐level image features. This article departs from recent works and proposes a new semi‐supervised learning network that constitutes a convolutional branch and a neighbour cluster branch. Also, we introduce a new loss function that carefully optimizes the network according to the labelled/unlabelled data. In this way, we reduce any tendency to rely on low‐level features, which is the case in current methods. We use datasets from three different domains (hand‐written digits, natural images, and objects) to analyse the performance of our method. Experimental analysis shows that the network performs better by learning inherent discrimination features when integrating unlabelled data into the model's training process. Our proposed approach also provides strong generalization in the context of transfer learning. Finally, this study shows that the proposed loss function optimizes the network to produce more efficient feature embeddings for domain adaptation.
Association of childhood vaccination with pediatric lichen planus: A systematic review
Authors: Bansal Deepty , Kamboj Mala , Anand Rahul , Pandiar Deepak , Narwal Anjali , Sivakumar N. , Devi Anju 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLichen planus (LP) is a chronic T‐cell‐mediated mucocutaneous inflammatory disease, largely recognized in adults. It is uncommon in children, and the literature present still lacks comprehensive understanding mainly due to underreporting of such cases. LP shows atypical clinical features, when seen in children, mainly affecting the flexor aspect of the wrists, legs, and the oral and genital mucosae. It is largely considered an autoimmune response of the body with various etiologic factors. Its association with vaccination is still an interesting field for research. The focus of the present systematic review was to discover the link of vaccine in the pathogenesis of juvenile LP. An electronic search was carried out using MEDLINE by PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases. Articles that reported LP in children with prior records for vaccination were selected for the present systematic review. Twenty‐three published articles in the English language were included for the quantitative and qualitative syntheses. The demographic data, specific vaccine history, and clinical details of the lesions were recorded. The existing evidence supports that vaccines could play an important role in etiopathogenesis of pediatric LP.
Visualization and functional characterization of lymphoid organ fibroblasts*
Authors: Onder Lucas , Cheng Hung‐Wei , Ludewig Burkhard 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are specialized stromal cells of lymphoid organs that generate the structural foundation of the tissue and actively interact with immune cells. Distinct FRC subsets position lymphocytes and myeloid cells in specialized niches where they present processed or native antigen and provide essential growth factors and cytokines for immune cell activation and differentiation. Niche‐specific functions of FRC subpopulations have been defined using genetic targeting, high‐dimensional transcriptomic analyses, and advanced imaging methods. Here, we review recent findings on FRC‐immune cell interaction and the elaboration of FRC development and differentiation. We discuss how imaging approaches have not only shaped our understanding of FRC biology, but have critically advanced the niche concept of immune cell maintenance and control of immune reactivity.
Neurofilament markers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Shi Jiaying , Qin Xiaohui , Chang Xueli , Wang Hong , Guo Junhong , Zhang Wei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study aims to determine the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of neurofilament light chain (NFL) and phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNFH) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients, and to explore their feasibility as valid biomarkers for quantifying disease progression and predicting individual prognosis. 52 patients with ALS and 30 controls with noninflammatory neurological diseases were included. NFL and pNFH levels in serum and CSF were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Our findings showed that serum and CSF levels of NFL and pNFH in ALS patients were significantly increased. These values were negatively correlated with disease duration (except CSF NFL with disease duration) and ALSFRS‐r score, and positively correlated with disease progression rate (DPR) and upper motor neuron (UMN) score, but did not correlate with bilateral median and ulnar nerve compound muscle action potential (cMAP) amplitudes (except a weak correlation between CSF NFL and cMAP amplitudes). The optimal cut‐off values with high sensitivity and specificity were obtained in ROC curve analysis to discriminate ALS from controls. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves illustrated that survival was significantly shorter for patients with higher neurofilament levels at diagnosis. The Cox proportional hazards regressions confirmed that NFL and pNFH were significant predictors of survival. Overall, NFL and pNFH in serum and CSF can be used as reliable biomarkers in ALS.
The deacetylation of Foxk2 by Sirt1 reduces chemosensitivity to cisplatin
Authors: Wang Xi‐wen , Guo Qi‐qiang , Yu Yang , Zhou Ting‐ting , Zhang Si‐yi , Wang Zhuo , Liu Jing‐wei , Tang Jun , Jiang Xiao‐you , Wang Shan‐shan , Guo Wen‐dong , Xu Hong‐de , Sun Hua‐yi , Li Zi‐wei , Song Xiao‐yu , Zhao Jun‐gang , Cao Liu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn multiple types of cancer, decreased tumour cell apoptosis during chemotherapy is indicative of decreased chemosensitivity. Forkhead box K2 (FOXK2), which is essential for cell fate, regulates cancer cell apoptosis through several post‐translational modifications. However, FOXK2 acetylation has not been extensively studied. Here, we evaluated the effects of sirtiun 1 (SIRT1) on FOXK2 deacetylation. Our findings demonstrated that SIRT1 inhibition increased FOXK2‐induced chemosensitivity to cisplatin and that K223 in FOXK2 was acetylated. Furthermore, FOXK2 K223 deacetylation reduced chemosensitivity to cisplatin in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, FOXK2 was acetylated by the acetyltransferase cAMP response element binding protein and deacetylated by SIRT1. Furthermore, cisplatin attenuated the interaction between FOXK2 and SIRT1. Cisplatin or SIRT1 inhibition enhanced FOXK2 acetylation, thereby reducing the nuclear distribution of FOXK2. Additionally, FOXK2 K223 acetylation significantly affected the expression of cell cycle–related and apoptosis‐related genes in cisplatin‐stimulated cancer cells, and FOXK2 K223 hyperacetylation promoted mitotic catastrophe, which enhanced chemosensitivity to cisplatin. Overall, our results provided insights into the mechanisms of SIRT1‐mediated FOXK2 deacetylation, which was involved in chemosensitivity to cisplatin.