bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foot Ulcer and Risk of Lower Limb Amputation or Death in People With Diabetes: A National Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chamberlain Rosemary C. , Fleetwood Kelly , Wild Sarah H. , Colhoun Helen M. , Lindsay Robert S. , Petrie John R. , McCrimmon Rory J. , Gibb Fraser , Philip Sam , Sattar Naveed , Kennon Brian , Leese Graham P. 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVETo describe incidence of foot ulceration and amputation-free survival associated with foot ulceration status in a national population-based cohort study of people with diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThe study population included 233,459 people with diabetes who were alive in Scotland on 1 January 2012 identified from the national population-based register (national prevalence 4.9%). Characteristics of patients identified from linked hospital and mortality records during follow-up to the end of November 2017 were compared by outcome. Cox regression was used to assess the association between history of foot ulcer and amputation-free survival.RESULTSThe population included 23,395 people with type 1 diabetes and 210,064 people with type 2 diabetes. In total there were 13,093 (5.6%) people who had a previous foot ulceration, 9,023 people who developed a first ulcer, 48,995 who died, and 2,866 who underwent minor or major amputation during follow-up. Overall incidence of first-time foot ulcers was 7.8 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI7.6–7.9) and 11.2 (11.0–11.4) for any ulcer. Risk factors for reduced amputation-free survival included social deprivation, mental illness, and being underweight in addition to conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) were 2.09 (1.89–2.31) for type 1 diabetes and 1.65 (1.60–1.70) for type 2 diabetes.CONCLUSIONSThe overall incidence of foot ulceration in a population-based study of people with diabetes was 11.2 per 1,000 person-years. Foot ulceration is associated with lower amputation-free survival rate, a potential measure of effectiveness of care among people with diabetes. Mental illness and social deprivation are also highlighted as risk factors.
Mauri Ora: Creating a model of practice using Indigenous Tikanga.
Authors: Waru Sheryl , Popata Desrae 
Published: November 2021

As an Adult Educator, combined creative thinking and critical thinking can often provide learners with the tools to be innovative through their practices. He Pūawai is an Adult Tertiary Teaching L5 program at Te Wānanga o Aotearoa. The course is a 20-week program comprised of four learning modules providing skills and learning tools for facilitators, tutors or trainers teaching Adults.
I have collaborated with a tauira to extend a Kaiako perspective and tauira vision that created a model of practice and framework. The tauira were the Semester A He Pūawai program. This framework applies Ngā Takepū, Ahurutanga, Kaitiakitanga, Koha and Mauri Ora, and these principles are embedded in Adult Teaching through the delivery and learning practices at Te Wānanga o Aotearoa. Takepū is about caring for people, relationships and cultures through a holistic approach in an educational context for all learners (Pohatu & Timata, 2008).
I will discuss how ‘Mauri’ informed and balanced innovation and creative skills that enhance relationship building. Pohatu & Pohatu (2011) refer to ‘Mauri’ as the formation of human relationships. Mauri emphasises the “how and why” we shape how we learn, teach and behave (p. 1).
A theoretical foundation for investigating the spatial economic attributes of airport-centric developments
Authors: Mokhele Masilonyane , Geyer Hermanus S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Among the various areas of interest on the topic of airports and the geographical distribution of land use, one pertinent theme is the spatial economic analysis of airports and their environs. However, the existing literature predominantly focuses on describing the land-use composition of airport-centric developments, without unpacking the spatial economic forces at play. This gap brings to the fore the need to employ an appropriate theoretical lens to guide the spatial economic analysis of airports and their environs. The aim of this theoretical review paper is thus to identify concepts that are relevant to the analysis of airports and their environs; and to use those concepts to systematically identify the existing theory that is most suitable for investigating the spatial economic forces that drive airport-centric developments. Against the background of globalisation, we scrutinise classical location theories, regional science, growth pole theory and new economic geography against their relational interpretations of the concepts of space, proximity, firm, scale and pattern. Given that it portrays a relational perspective of the aforesaid concepts, the paper concludes that growth pole theory is suitable as the main framework for analysing airport-centric developments. It is therefore recommended that growth pole theory be empirically used to guide the analysis of airports and their environs, and subsequently be used as the basis for developing a theoretical framework tailored for airport-centric developments.
“WE ARE THE WORLD”: THE FLIGHT FROM IMPOTENCE IN THE SOCIETY OF THE SPECTACLE
Authors: McGregor Matt 
Published: November 2021

Punctuating a recent music video we see, in his white glove and gold jacket, before his infamous face-whitening surgeries, the Michael Jackson of old. This video, for the song “We are the World 25,” is introduced, directly into camera, by a sincere Jamie Foxx, who implores viewers to give generously to help the recovery effort in Haiti. “Do more than just watch,”he says. “Take action.” Then, before the expected images of Haitians, and even before the singing celebrities themselves, we see a host of signatures unfolding on a black background.From the beginning, then, this video walks a very thin line: clearly banking on the reputations of singers who have made their careers as spectacles, as images, the video goes to some lengths to claim an authentic, and even superior, political position. “Give what you can,”Jamie Foxx says, “as I have.”The video’s repeated use of the image of Michael Jackson signifies this tenuous, if not contradictory, position. Who, after all, is more exemplary of the cultural logic of the societyof the spectacle than Michael Jackson? And who, in the pantheon of MTV singers, spent more time claiming authenticity and declaring our collective responsibility for a universal humanity? The video presents an excess of repetition and citation, in terms of its music and lyrics, the images Michael Jackson himself, as well as the chorus of Jackson-citing celebrity singers. But, despite the obvious point that these images and these performers are perhaps the most manufactured and least authentic imaginable, the video’s authenticity, as well as its anxiety over its own search for authenticity, is almost hyperbolically announced. My goal in this short essay is to read this video in relation to Agamben’s claims about the spectacle in his book The Coming Community. I will argue that it is precisely this citationality, this identity without essence—what is clearly a profoundly inauthentic announcement of authenticity—that Agamben sees as, potentially, the road out of the spectacle society. This video promiseswhat Agamben calls “whatever” politics (1), so–called politics, or, in Derrida’s terminology, a politics “under erasure” ( OG 23). At the same time, this video reveals the parallel logic,suggested in juridical terms in Agamben’s Homo Sacer, in which the anxiety of nonbelonging and inauthenticity leads to a more extreme and potentially violent search for essential group belonging and authentic political identity.
Classification Approaches for Treating Low Back Pain Have Small Effects That Are Not Clinically Meaningful: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis
Authors: Tagliaferri Scott D. , Mitchell Ulrike H. , Saueressig Tobias , Owen Patrick J. , Miller Clint T. , Belavy Daniel L. 
Published: November 2021

Objective To determine whether classification systems improve patient-reported outcomes for people with low back pain (LBP). Design Systematic review with meta-analysis. Literature Search The MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science Core Collection, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched from inception to June 21, 2021. Reference lists of prior systematic reviews and included trials were screened. Study Selection Criteria We included randomized trials comparing a classification system (eg, the McKenzie method or the STarT Back Tool) to any comparator. Studies evaluating participants with specific spinal conditions (eg, fractures or tumors) were excluded. Data Synthesis Outcomes were patient-reported LBP intensity, leg pain intensity, and disability. We used the revised Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool to assess risk of bias, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to judge the certainty of evidence. We used random-effects meta-analysis, with the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik- Jonkman adjustment, to estimate the standardized mean difference (SMD; Hedges' g) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analyses explored classification system, comparator type, pain type, and pain duration. Results Twenty-four trials assessing classification systems and 34 assessing subclasses were included. There was low certainty of a small effect at the end of intervention for LBP intensity (SMD, −0.31; 95% CI: −0.54, −0.07; P = .014, n = 4416, n = 21 trials) and disability (SMD, −0.27; 95% CI: −0.46, −0.07; P = .011, n = 4809, n = 24 trials), favoring classified treatments compared to generalized interventions, but not for leg pain intensity. At the end of intervention, no specific type of classification system was superior to generalized interventions for improving pain intensity and disability. None of the estimates exceeded the effect size that one would consider clinically meaningful. Conclusion For patient-reported pain intensity and disability, there is insufficient evidence supporting the use of classification systems over generalized interventions when managing LBP. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(2):67–84. Epub 15 Nov 2021. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022.10761
Predicting pelvic congestion syndrome: Concomitant pelvic pain diagnoses do not affect venography or embolization outcomes
Authors: Macher Jared , Brahmbhatt Akshaar , Shetty Anisha , Chughtai Komal , Baran Timothy , Baah Nana Ohene , Dogra Vikram 
Published: November 2021

Objectives:
Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) is a challenging diagnosis to make secondary to nonspecific presenting symptoms and imaging findings. This retrospective review aims to discern predictive factors which can guide the decision to perform catheter-based venography and prognosticate outcomes.

Material and Methods:
A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent catheter venography for PCS between January 2014 and December 2019 was performed. Multiple factors, including patient demographics, clinical history, pre-procedural imaging, venographic findings, and treatment outcomes 180 days post-procedure, were included in the analysis. Venographic findings were used to separate patients into two groups (positive or negative), with these factors compared across groups. Regression analysis controlled for the confounding effects of age and body mass index (BMI). Treated subjects were separated based on outcome (partial, no response, complete response, or technical failure), and comparisons were performed.

Results:
Eighty patients were included in the initial analysis. Two patients were excluded due to prior embolization or portal hypertension. Seventy-eight patients were included in the final analysis. Sixty-two patients had positive findings, and 16 had no venographic findings to suggest PCS. A history of prior pregnancy was a significant predictor of positive venographic results (odds ratio = 5.99, P = 0.007). BMI was significantly lower in those with positive venographic results (P = 0.047). Presence of concomitant diagnoses did not affect venographic findings or treatment outcomes. No factors predicted treatment outcomes. Five of the treated patients had subsequent successful pregnancies.

Conclusion:
A lower BMI supports the decision to perform venography for suspected PCS. In addition, patients who carried concomitant potentially confounding diagnoses for chronic pelvic pain were found to have similar rates of venographic findings suggesting PCS, as well as similar treatment outcomes.
THE COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF THE ABASHEVO BATTLE AXE FROM THE MALO-KIZILSKOE UNFORTIFIED SETTLEMENT
Authors: Кузьминых С. В. , Сапрыкина И. А. , Кичанов С. Е. , Медникова М. Б. 
Published: November 2021

В статье представлены результаты комплексного исследования медного боевого топора абашевской культуры, происходящего с территории Мало-Кизильского селища. Топор исследовался методами нейтронной томографии и радиографии, электронной сканирующей микроскопии; публикуются результаты его исследования методом ОЭСА. В результате установлено, что топор отлит из мышьяковистой меди месторождения Таш-Казган; специального воздействия на процесс охлаждения отливки не зафиксировано, отливка выполнена качественно, вредное воздействие растворимых примесей снивелировано, в металле выявлен малый процент литейных дефектов (0,18 % от его общего объема). Все это позволяет предположить его использование в качестве оружия ближнего боя, о чем косвенно свидетельствует и характер травм, зафиксированных на черепах из Пепкинского кургана. Радиоуглеродная AMS-дата для коллективного захоронения из этого могильника позволяет отнести время распространения подобного оружия в Среднем Поволжье к периоду к концу III или рубежу III-II тыс. до н. э.
The paper reports on the comprehensive study of a copper battle axe attributed to the Abashevo culture which was discovered at the Malo-Kizilskoe open settlement. The battle axe was examined by neutron tomography and radiographic analysis, and electron scanning microscopy methods; the paper provides results of its examination by optical emission spectrometry. The analysis established that the axe was cast from the copperarsenic ore coming from the Tash-Kazgan deposit; special treatment during the cast cooling was not recorded, casting is of good quality. Harmful effect of dissoluble impurities was reduced to minimum, the metal shows a small percentage of recorded casting defects (0,18 % of its total volume). All this suggests that it was used as a close combat weapon which is also indirectly confirmed by the nature of injuries documented on the skulls from the Pepkino kurgan. The radiocarbon AMS-date of the multiple grave in this kurgan enables the authors to date the period when such weapons were used in the Middle Volga region to the end of III mill. BC or the transitional period from III to II mill. BC.
CRANIOSCOPIC DATA ON THE POPULATION OF THE STEPPE AND THE FOREST-STEPPE BELTS IN EASTERN EUROPE OF IV-III mill. BC
Authors: Казарницкий А. А. , Григорьев А. П. , Капинус Ю. О. , Громов А. В. , Хохлов А. А. 
Published: November 2021

В статье представлены результаты изучения шести краниоскопических признаков на 487 черепах раннего и среднего этапов эпохи бронзы из степной и лесостепной зон Восточной Европы. Выборки сформированы в основном по культурно-территориальному принципу. Межгрупповая изменчивость изученных признаков анализировалась с помощью таблиц сопряженности, точного критерия Фишера и метода главных компонент. Зафиксировано значительное морфологическое разнообразие локальных групп ямной культуры, сопоставимое с различиями между современными географически отдаленными европеоидными популяциями разного происхождения. Отмечено сходство носителей полтавкинской культуры и населения катакомбных культур, проживавших к северу от нижнего течения Дона. Происхождение носителей катакомбных культур более южных регионов - вдоль левых притоков Нижнего Дона, в волго-донском междуречье и в Северо-Западном Прикаспии - вероятно, связано с населением Кавказа и Закавказья.
The paper explores six cranioscopic attributes on 487 skulls dating to the early and the middle stages of the Bronze Age. The skulls originate from the steppe and the forest-steppe belts in Eastern Europe. The samples were selected mostly based on the cultural and regional principle. The inter-group variability of the attributes was analyzed with the help of contingency tables, the Fisher exact test and the principal components method. The analysis revealed substantial morphological diversity of the Yamnaya local groups which is comparable with the differences between modern geographically remote Caucasian populations of different origin. The paper highlights resemblance between the Poltavka individuals and the individuals from the Catacomb cultures who lived north of the Lower Don region. The origin of the Catacomb individuals inhabiting the regions located further to the south along the left tributaries of the Lower Don, the Volga-Don interfluve and the northwestern Caspian region is apparently linked to the population of the Caucasus and Transcaucasia.
AND SETTLEMENTS AT THE UPPER PALEOLITHIC RAKHAT SITE (LAYER 2) IN SOUTHEASTERN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Ожерельев Д. В. , Джасыбаев Е. А. , Мамиров Т. Б. 
Published: November 2021

История изучения верхнего палеолита Казахстана начинается с 1940-х гг. К сегодняшнему моменту открыты единицы стоянок с погребенными культурными останками. На некоторых из них в разное время фиксировались уровни обитания с остатками поселений, содержавших углубленные очаги, кострища, прокалы и т. д. Но подробные публикации этих материалов отсутствуют. Неудовлетворительная сохранность органических останков и продуктов горения в лессовидных суглинках мешали полноценному изучению и уверенной интерпретации различного рода объектов. В 2019 г. на стоянке Рахат удалось обнаружить культурные слои (слои 1-3) с каменными находками и археологическими объектами в виде ям различной функциональной принадлежности. В статье делается попытка обследовать и структурировать объекты с выделением жилой площадки в наиболее информативном культурном слое 2. В совокупном единстве каменный инвентарь из слоев 1-3 стоянки Рахат находит аналогии среди памятников начала эпипалеолита Ближнего Востока и Средней Азии (кебаран, ранний зарзиан, ~20-18 тыс. л. н.).
The history of studies related to the Upper Paleolithic in Kazakhstan began in the 1940s. Very few sites with buried human remains have been discovered so far. Some sites reveal occupation layers with remains of settlements and traces of sunken hearths, fire pits, calcined fragments, etc., dating to different periods. However, there are no relevant publications of these materials. Poor preservation conditions of organic residue and combustion products in loess-like loams prevent scholars from studies of all aspects of various objects and offer their interpretation with confidence. Excavations conducted at Rakhat in 2019 revealed occupation layers (layers 1-3) with stone finds and archaeological objects such as pits of various functions. The paper attempts to explore and present these objects in a structured mode in order to identify a dwelling site in occupation layer 2, which is the most informative. Stone tools coming from Rakhat layers 1-3 find analogies among the sites dating from the early stage of the Epipaleolithic of Near East and Central Asia (Kebaran, early Zarzian, ca. 20 000-18 000 years ago).
THE PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF THE NEOLITHIC CERAMICS FROM THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION BASED ON THE PETROGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Андреев К. М. , Кулькова М. А. , Сомов А. В. 
Published: November 2021

В работе представлены результаты петрографического анализа неолитической посуды Среднего Поволжья. Для изучения были отобраны 52 образца керамики елшанской и средневолжской культур с 11 памятников данного региона (рис. 1-4). Петрографический анализ керамики позволяет установить минералогический состав глин и отощителей, выявить рецептуру керамического теста, определить температуру и условия обжига, а также предположить возможные источники сырья. В результате проведенных исследований было установлено, что при изготовлении неолитической посуды существовала определенная региональная специфика. Полученные результаты не противоречат типологическим построениям исследователей, стратиграфическим наблюдениям и способствуют расширению понимания керамического производства в лесостепном Поволжье.
The paper reports on the results of petrographic analysis of Neolithic vessels from the Middle Volga region. The analysis included 52 ceramic samples of the Elshanka and the Middle Volga cultures originating from 11 sites of this region (Fig. 1-4). Petrographic analysis of ceramics offers an opportunity to identify the mineralogical composition of clays and tempering materials, identify the formulation of ceramic paste, determine temperature and conditions of firing as well as suggest possible raw material deposits. Our studies have found that manufacturing of Neolithic vessels had some regional distinctive features. The results obtained are quite consistent with typological classifications of researchers, and stratigraphical observations, adding essentially to our understanding of ceramic production in the forest-steppe belt of the Volga region.
TYPOLOGICAL, TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EARLY VOLOSOVO CERAMICS IN THE MARI VOLGA REGION
Authors: Шалапинин А. А. , Андреева О. В. 
Published: November 2021

В статье представлены новые результаты изучения керамики волосовской культуры территории Среднего Поволжья. В ходе обобщающего исследования было выявлено, что в ранней волосовской керамике преобладают прямые и утолщенные венчики. Преимущественно прямая профилировка сосудов. Высок процент орнаментированной посуды, общая схема орнаментации горизонтальная и вертикальная. В качестве элемента орнамента превалируют оттиски гребенчатого штампа. При подсчете коэффициента сходства 9 рассмотренных в работе памятников, относящихся к ранней волосовской культуре, было выявлено, что наиболее высокие коэффициенты сходства получены при подсчете по формам венчиков и элементам орнамента. По результатам технико-технологического анализа также выражена стандартизация рассматриваемых материалов.
The paper presents new results of study of ceramics from the Volosovo culture sites located in the Middle Volga region which is important for research of the Volosovo culture. This synthesis-oriented research has found that straight and thick rims predominate among the early Volosovo ceramics. Vessel profiling is predominantly straight. The ornamented vessels account for a large percentage share of the found vessels, the decoration pattern is organized horizontally and vertically. The comb stamp imprints predominate as a decorative element. The calculations of the similarity coefficient for nine sites attributed to the Early Volosovo culture demonstrate that the highest similarity coefficients have been obtained for rim shapes and decorative pattern elements. The results of the technical and technological analysis also demonstrate standardization of the analyzed materials.