bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Takayasu’s arteritis in a child with prolonged fever. Differential diagnosis. Clinical case analysis
Authors: Chegodaeva N. A. , Olkhova E. B. , Zaytseva O. V. , Savitskaya N. A. , Lokshina E. E. , Khmelkova I. I. , Shamratova N. R. , Belyaeva T. Yu. 
Published: August 2021

Takayasu’s arteritis is a chronic granulomatous arteritis with predominant involvement of the aorta and its main branches. It occurs both in youth and childhood, manifests between the ages of 10 and 30 years, female patients predominate. This article presents a clinical case of Takayasu’s arteritis in a child with prolonged fever. Clinical case. A 10-year-old girl E. was hospitalized with complaints of febrile fever episodes during the last two months; weakness and back pain were also noted. Observed by an endocrinologist since 2015 with a diagnosis of Stunted growth. Delayed physical development. Diffuse changes of the thyroid gland, euthyroidism. Since 2020 has been observed with the diagnosis Constitutional immaturity. A tendency toward constipation was noted. Observed by an allergist with atopic dermatitis, food and respiratory allergies were diagnosed. By the time of hospitalization, the girl had been ill for two months. During this period, four episodes of fever with scanty catarrhal manifestations were recorded. The diagnostic search went in different directions, infectious, systemic and oncological diseases were excluded. The echographic pattern was typical and highly specific for Takayasu’s arteritis. Additional examination also revealed changes in the celiac trunk in the form of narrowing of its lumen. Clinical diagnosis «Non-specific aortoarteritis, type III, acute phase, stenotic variant, grade 1–3 activity with lesions of the right and left common carotid arteries and the celiac trunk» was made as a result of clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination. This clinical observation demonstrates the difficulty in making a diagnosis due to the variety of clinical forms and the absence of specific disease markers. It takes on average a year and a half from disease debut to clinical diagnosis of the patient. However, lack of therapy over a long period can be crucial for an adverse outcome of the disease.
Important aspects of the development of the children’s cardiological services of the Grodno region. Analysis of sixty years of activity
Authors: Tomchyk N. V. , Paramonova N. S. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction.The relatively young science of pediatric cardiology has made enormous breakthroughs in recent years: the labor intensity and complexity of modern diagnostic techniques have increased, and interventional methods of treatment are widely used. Modern pediatric cardiology covers a wide range of diseases: from intrauterine pathology, such as congenital heart and vascular defects, fibroelastosis, various arrhythmias, to acquired diseases represented by arterial hyperand hypotension, systemic vasculitis, autonomic dysfunction, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.Purpose.To demonstrate the important stages of the development of the children’s cardiological service in Grodno region over a sixty-year period, assess its current state and analyze the dynamics of the incidence rate of children’s heart and vascular diseases during 2005–2019 in this region.Material and methods. During the period of 1960–2019 a retrospective research was carried out using the statistics: report of the chief substitute pediatric cardiologist, report of medical treatment for children during 2005–2019, analytical and conjunctral reports, reviews and references of chief doctors and local pediatricians.Results and discussion. The sixty-years of activity of the children’s cardiological service in Grodno region were analyzed. It was found that over the past 15 years there has been an annual increase in the overall incidence of diseases of the circulatory system (classes I00-I99 ICD 10), while the primary incidence decreased from 331.06 to 265.63 per 100,000 of the child population. The overall incidence of congenital heart defects over the past 15 years was characterized by a low decrease from 916.40 to 800.16 cases against the stabilization of the primary incidence rate.Conclusion.The obtained results indicate the well-organized work of the diagnostic, hospital, dispensary and prophylactic stages of medical assistance to children with cardiovascular pathology.
Congenital hyperinsulinism in newborns and young children: the state of the problem and the results of surgical treatment
Authors: Sukhotskaya A. A. , Bairov V. G. , Nikitina I. L. , Mitrofanova L. B. , Perminova A. A. , Ryzhkova D. V. 
Published: August 2021

Congenital hyperinsulinism causes irreversible damage to the cerebral cortex with subsequent disability in children. The article presents the features of etiopathogenesis, clinical picture of the disease. The histological variants of pancreatic lesions are analyzed in detail. The principles of correct diagnosis are formulated. A new in Russia method for the preoperative determination of the histological form of the disease, which is carried out at the y, Almazov National Medical Research Centre since 2017, – PET/ CT with 18F-DOPA, explained the biochemical basis of its clinical application and the examination technique. The principles of the selection of drug therapy with possible complications, the need for an adequate assessment of its effectiveness are described. If it is impossible to achieve a stable target euglycemia without the need for intravenous glucose infusion, surgical correction of the disease is indicated. In schematic drawings and intraoperative photographs, approaches to surgical treatment are described, the stages of operations and possible complications are clearly disassembled. The results of surgical interventions at the N.N. V.A. Almazov for 01.2017–02.2021, where 39 children with congenital hyperinsulinism were operated on. According to PET/CT with 18F-DOPA, 15 diffuse and 24 focal forms were diagnosed. After surgery, in 12 (31%) patients, a diffuse lesion of the gland was confirmed, in 23 (59%) – a focal nature of the lesion, in 4 (10%) – an atypical form was diagnosed intraoperatively. Of 39 children, 36 (92%) have complete relief of hyperinsulinism, a significant improvement in psychomotor development, of which 9 (23%) need insulin replacement therapy with minimal dosages, these are 8 children with a diffuse form of the disease and 1 child with an atypical one. Intraand postoperative complications were not observed. Thus, partial pancreatectomy for focal forms, subtotal for atypical and near total for diffuse forms, can cope with hypoglycemia due to congenital hyperinsulinism and prevent damage to the central nervous system of newborns and infants.
Polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor gene in kazakh with bronchial asthma
Authors: Dosimov Zh. B. , Dosimov A. J. , Gubai N. A. , Delyagin W. M. , Kim S. V. , Nurgalieva R. E. , Dolotova L. V. , Davidovich S. G. , Petrenec T. A. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction.The polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is associated with bronchial asthma (BA). Based on this, studies on the prevalence of VDR polymorphism in representatives of different races and peoples with AD and in healthy people are timely.Aims.To determine the TaqI polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor gene (TT, TS and CC) in children and adolescents with a verified diagnosis of AD on the example of the Kazakh population of Western Kazakhstan.Materials and methods. The study involved 54 Kazakh children with BA (Me age 12.8 years, fluctuations range 5–17 years). The control group consisted of residents of the same region without BA: Kazakhs – 66 children, Russians – 40 children. In each of these groups, children were born in the third generation of families without mixed marriages. The examination was performed by collecting venous blood with the informed consent of the legal representative of the child/adolescent. The samples were stored at a temperature of -80 ºC until the start of the analysis with further DNA sequencing and PCR at the INVITRO laboratory.Results.In Kazakh children without BA TT alleles were recorded in 57.6%, TC – in 34.8%, CC – in 7.6%. In Russian children without BA, the TT allele was found in 35.0%, TC – 55.0%, CC – 10%. In children of Kazakhs with BA, the TT allele was in 74.0% of cases, TC in 26.0%, and CC was absent. The first stage of the study with a limited number of observations did not allow obtaining a statistically significant difference between the individual indicated groups. However, taking into account the probable protective effect of the CC allele, the differences in the frequency of the TT alleles and in total TC and CC and CC and in total TT and TC turned out to be significant: 0.000 and 0.030, respectively. When studying the distribution of alleles within the groups, it turned out that for Kazakhs in the control group and, especially, in AD, a decrease in the frequencies of TC alleles and, most clearly, CC alleles is typical.Conclusion.The protective value of the CC allele cannot be ruled out. But it is not yet possible to formulate a final opinion on the functional significance of polymorphism. Further research will help to understand the relationship between the structural features of the VDR and BA.
Analysis of the content of I-FABP in urine and blood serum in children with gastrointestinal food allergy
Authors: Prikhodchenko N. G. , Shumatova T. A. , Nee A. , Zernova E. S. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract Introduction. Protein-induced enteropathy is one of the common manifestations of gastrointestinal food allergy in young children. The search of non-invasive methods for intestine estimation is especially relevant for early diagnosis and timely prevention of exacerbation.The aimof the study was to determine the serum and urinal levels of the intestinal fraction of the protein binding fatty acids in children with protein-induced enteropathy and to evaluate their clinical and diagnostic significance.Materials and methods. It was examined 36 children with protein-induced enteropathy aged 1.5 months to 1 year and 20 healthy children (control group). All patients underwent esophagogastroenteroscopy with morphological examination of biopsy specimens for differential diagnosis with congenital gastrointestinal diseases. The Cow’s Milk-related Symptom Score (CoMMiS) was used to evaluate clinical symptoms. The intestinal fraction of a fatty acid binding protein was determined for all children in blood serum, urine by enzyme- linked immunosorbent analysis.Results.It was found the increase its serum level (125.20 ± 23.79 pg / ml), and urinal level (0.164 ± 0.031 pkg / ml) compared with the control group (19.21 ± 4.94 pg / ml, 00.039 ± 4.62 pkg / ml, respectively, p < 0.05). There were found direct strong correlations between the severity of gastrointestinal manifestations and its serum and urine level (p < 0.05).Discussion.Epithelial barrier damage provides an increased penetration of intact food allergens. It plays a key role in allergic sensitization, and it is the first pathogenetic link of allergic inflammation in most cases. A statistically significant I-FABP increased level in all studied biological fluids correlates with morphological changes in the children with protein-induced enteropathy, as well as with clinical symptoms of gastrointestinal tract lesions. That confirms its high informational value for an indirect assessment of the state of the intestinal barrier.Conclusions.Thus, an increase in serum and urinal I-FABP levels in children with protein-induced enteropathy confirms the clinical and diagnostic significance of determining this biomarker in all biological fluids. Its high sensitivity and specificity of determination in urine are promising for use in pediatric practice.
Difficulties in breastfeeding: ways to solve the problem
Authors: Polyanina E. Z. 
Published: August 2021

Introduction.Practical assistance of medical personnel to nursing women with difficulties in breastfeeding, joint search for solutions to the problem of hypogalactia contributes to the preservation of breastfeeding throughout the first year of a baby’s life.Purpose of the study.The frequency and nature of lactation disorders in women in the first weeks and months of breastfeeding were studied.Materials and methods. The attitude of women to various, including non-drug, methods of maintaining lactation was analyzed. The study was conducted following a survey of 58 women – patients of the perinatal center in the early postpartum period, 28 women whose children received breastfeeding/mixed feeding in the 1st year of life and 16 female employees of neonatological departments, whose children were also breastfed/mixed feeding in the 1st year of life. With women in groups 1 and 2 in the obstetric facility, there were talks about the benefits of breastfeeding and instructions on how to properly latch on the newborn to the breast. The respondents participated in the study only voluntarily.Results and discussion. Revealed approximately the same nature of lactation disorders in all groups. The predominance of women with hypogalactia after preterm birth was noted; breastfeeding up to one and a half to two years was observed in 4% of young women without chronic somatic pathology after the first spontaneous birth. Respondents of groups 1 and 3 showed high awareness and greater adherence to non-drug correction of hypogalactia in the form of the use of herbal tea. At the same time, some of the respondents in group 2 showed low motivation to maintain breastfeeding and were skeptical about any way to maintain lactation. Among the surveyed respondents, 47% (48 women out of 102) used herbal tea for a long time (3–6 weeks or more). All of them characterized as an effective lactogonic agent, and also noted a calmer behavior of the child, a decrease in intestinal colic and an improvement in the quality of night sleep.Conclusions.A data analysis of the survey of nursing mothers and women who had a breastfeeding experience showed that there is approximately the same pattern of lactation disorders regardless of the woman’s age, high or low awareness of breastfeeding issues.
General introduction and book layout
Authors: Bertrand-Krajewski Jean-Luc , Clemens-Meyer Francois H. L. R. , Lepot Mathieu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This introductory chapter indicates why well-defined, high-standard, and reliable monitoring is a key aspect in the necessary evolution of urban drainage and stormwater management and why it should become routine practice. It provides a framework, guidelines, and recommendations to define monitoring objectives and means. It also presents the structure and the chapters of the rest of the book.
Water level and discharge measurements
Authors: Larrarte Frédérique , Lepot Mathieu , Clemens-Meyer Francois H. L. R. , Bertrand-Krajewski Jean-Luc , Ivetić Damjan , Prodanović Dusan , Stegeman Bram 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The knowledge of water levels and discharges in urban drainage and stormwater management (UDSM) systems is of key importance to understand their functioning and processes, to evaluate their performance, and to provide data for modelling. In this chapter, devoted mainly to underground combined and separate sewer pipe systems, various methods and technologies are described and discussed. After an introduction to important aspects to deal with when measuring discharges in sewer systems, the following parts are presented successively: (i) measurement of water level with rulers, and pressure, ultrasonic and radar sensors, (ii) measurement of flow velocity with ultrasonic, Doppler, velocity profiler, free surface, and electromagnetic sensors, (iii) direct measurement of discharge with pre-calibrated devices, physical scale models, computational fluid dynamics modelling and use of pumping stations, and (iv) detection and/or measurement of infiltration into and exfiltration from sewers, with flow or pressure measurements, tracer experiments, distributed temperature sensing and geophysical methods.
Critical Functions of lncRNA DGCR5 in Cancers of the Digestive System
Authors: Hu Chengyu , Xu Wen , Wang Bei , Chen Jinlan , Zhou Zixian , Zhou Gang , Yuan Chengfu 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has no protein-coding potential due to the lack of
an apparent open reading frame. There is growing evidence that lncRNA DGCR5 has a vital regulatory role in
human illnesses' pathological development, particularly in the digestive system's carcinogenesis and progression.
Abnormal DGCR5 expression affects different cellular functions such as proliferation, aggression, and
metastasis. This paper aims to probe into the pathophysiological functions and molecular mechanisms of
DGCR5 in cancers of the digestive system.

Methods:
This review summarizes and analyzes the biological functions and mechanisms of lncRNA DGCR5
in digestive system cancers occurrence. Relevant studies were conducted and reviewed by searching PubMed
for articles with lncRNA DGCR5 and digestive system cancer as keywords in recent years.

Results:
DCGR5, as a novel tumor-related lncRNA, is recently identified to be abnormally expressed in digestive
system cancers, such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, gallbladder
cancer, colorectal cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The role played by DCGR5 is vital and varies in different
digestive cancers. Taken together, aberrant expression of DCGR5 regulates the progression of digestive
cancers by affecting cancer cell proliferation, aggression, metastasis, and drug resistance.

Conclusion:
LncRNA DGCR5 might be a viable marker or a promising therapeutic target in digestive system
cancers.
Withdrawal Notice: Community-wide Screening of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Saharia tribe of India
Authors: Singh Pushpendra , Kumar Ravindra , Das Aparup 
Published: August 2021

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An Audit of Black Box Warnings (BBWs) in the United States Food and
Drug Administration (US-FDA) Database - A Five-Year Analysis
Authors: Bose Debdipta , Gogtay Nithya , Goel Tejusv , Konwar Mahanjit 
Published: August 2021

Background:
The Black-Box Warning (BBW) is the most serious warning that US-FDA
can ask for on a drug’s labelling. BBWs represent key safety concerns uncovered either during
dossier review or post-approval. We have conducted the present study with the primary objective
of assessing BBWs issued by the US-FDA.

Methods:
BBWs were identified on US-FDA’s website from 1st January 2015 to 31st December,
2019. Prescribing information was used to identify and characterize BBWs into new and minor/major
updates on a previous BBW. The therapeutic class of the drug, nature [Biological/New Molecular
entity (NME)], formulation type, expected duration of use, along with the year of first approval
of the molecule with BBWs were evaluated.

Results:
A total of n = 167 BBWs were issued by the FDA of which 53 (31.7%) had major updates,
57(34.1%) had minor updates and 57(34.1%) were new BBWs. A total of 137(82%) of BBWs
were with NME’s whereas 30(18%) were with biologics. Drugs for neurology 40(25.5%)had
the highest number of BBWs, followed by oncology 38(24.2%). Among the type of BBWs, cardiovascular
risk 31 (15%) were the highest.

Conclusion:
Practicing physicians need to understand that benefit-risk of a drug is dynamic and
keep abreast of new data related to it.
Therapeutic Potential of Adipose-derived Stem Cells in the Treatment of
Pulmonary Diseases
Authors: Abdul Halim Nur Shuhaidatul Sarmiza , Yahaya Badrul Hisham , Lian Jie 
Published: August 2021

:
Stem cells derived from adipose tissues (ADSCs) have emerged as an ideal candidate
for various models of respiratory diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD), and acute respiratory distress syndrome. ADSCs have qualities that may make them
better suited for treating inflammatory lung diseases than other MSCs. ADSCs show a lower senescence
ratio, higher proliferative capacity and stability in terms of their genetic and morphology during
long-term culture over bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). With enhanced
research methodologies, the beneficial benefits of ADSCs appear to be restricted to their capacity
to engraft, differentiate, and be connected to trophic factor secretion. These trophic factors
influence treatment and regenerative results in a variety of lung inflammatory disorders. Taken together,
these particular qualities of ADSCs make them significantly relevant for clinical applications.
This article discusses a recent advance of ADSCs biology and their translational application,
emphasizing their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and regenerative properties, particularly
on lung inflammatory diseases. Besides, the relevant advancements made in the field, the regulatory
aspects, and other challenges and obstacles will be highlighted.
Hematological Consequences of Valproic Acid in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review with a Mechanistic Approach
Authors: Riahi-Zanjani Bamdad , Delirrad Mohammad , Fazeli-Bakhtiyari Rana , Sadeghi Mahood , Zare-Zardini Hadi , Jafari Abbas , Ghorani-Azam Adel 
Published: August 2021

Purpose:Although Valproate (VPA) has several advantages in controlling seizures, it may cause serious hematological consequences. Hematotoxicity of VPA is particularly important in pediatrics because patients at this age are at a growing risk of leukemia. For a conclusive agreement about the toxicity of VPA, in this study, we systematically reviewed the literature in which the hematological consequences of VPA had been emphasized.Methods:A systematic literature search was performed in June 2021 on electronic databases to find original research on the association between VPA therapy and hematotoxicity in pediatric patients. For this purpose, the following search terms “hematotoxicity”, “valproic acid” and “pediatrics” with different spellings and similar terms, were searched in the title, keywords, and abstracts of articles. The data were collected and used for qualitative data description.Results:A total of 36 relevant articles with an overall 1381 study population were included. The results showed that VPA could cause severe hematotoxicity in children even at therapeutic doses. Neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and bone marrow depression are the most common complications associated with VPA therapy. Also, findings showed that after discontinuation of VPA and starting other antiepileptic drugs or reducing the administered VPA dose, hematologic damages were entirely resolved, and all the hematological parameters improved during two weeks.Conclusions:This review showed that VPA therapy could cause hematotoxicity in children; hence, it is recommended to monitor hematological indices during VPA therapy. Also, according to the suggested mechanistic pathways of VPA side effects, a combination of VPA with antioxidants may reduce hematological side effects.