bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early detection of myocardial changes with and without dexrazoxane using serial magnetic resonance imaging in a pre-clinical mouse model
Authors: Noel Cory V. , Rainusso Nino , Robertson Matthew , Romero Jonathan , Masand Prakash , Coarfa Cristian , Pautler Robia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction may occur in pediatric cancer survivors. Identification of early markers of myocardial damage secondary to anthracycline exposure is crucial to develop strategies that may ameliorate this complication.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to identify early myocardial changes induced by doxorubicin with and without cardioprotection using dexrazoxane detected by serial cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in a pre-clinical mouse model.

Methods
Serial CMR examinations were performed in 90 mice distributed in 3 groups: 45 received doxorubicin (DOX group), 30 mice received doxorubicin with dexrazoxane (DOX/DEX group) and 15 mice received saline injections (control group). We obtained the following CMR parameters in all mice: T2, extracellular volume quantification (ECV), myocardial deformation, and functional quantification.

Results
Myocardial edema assessed by T2 time was the earliest parameter demonstrating evidence of myocardial injury, most notable in the DOX group at week 4 and 8 compared with DOX/DEX group. Similarly, global longitudinal strain was abnormal in both the DOX and DOX/DEX groups. However, this change persisted only in the DOX group. The ECV was significantly elevated in the DOX group at the final CMR, while only minimally elevated in the DOX/DEX group. The right and left ejection fraction was decreased, along with the mass to volume ratio in the DOX group. The T2 time, ECV, and deformation correlated with ejection fraction and left ventricular volume.

Conclusions
T2 time and deformation by CMR identifies early myocardial injury from anthracyclines. Dexrazoxne did not prevent the initial edema, but the inflammatory changes were not sustained. CMR may be useful for early detection of cardiac dysfunction. Serial CMR demonstrates dexrazoxane minimizes cardiac dysfunction and aids recovery in a mouse model.
Intimate partner violence among Arab women before and during the COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: El-Nimr Nessrin A. , Mamdouh Heba M. , Ramadan Amal , El Saeh Haider M. , Shata Zeinab N. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionIntimate partner violence (IPV) remains a serious human rights violation and an important health concern during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The study aims to estimate the proportion of IPV among adult Arab women before and during the COVID-19 lockdown and to identify its possible predictors during the lockdown.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2020 using an online questionnaire. The sample included 490 adult Arab women aged 18 years and above, who live with their husbands. Data was collected using a Google forms designed questionnaire that included the socio-demographic characteristics, nature of lockdown, and exposure to different types of IPV before and during COVID-19 lockdown and the frequency of their occurrence. McNemar’s test was used to determine differences in the exposure to IPV before and during the lockdown, while logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the predictors of exposure to IPV during the lockdown.ResultsHalf of women reported that they were ever exposed to IPV with psychological violence ranking 1st. Exposure to any type of IPV and exposure to psychological, physical, and sexual violence have significantly increased during the lockdown compared to before the lockdown. The frequency of exposure to the different types of IPV ranged from 1–3 times per month to almost every day, but the most commonly reported was 1–3 times per month. Predictors of exposure to IPV during the COVID-19 lockdown included country of residence, family income, and whether the husband lost his job during lockdown.ConclusionsIPV has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in the Arab countries, and it was associated with the socioeconomic consequences of the pandemic on families. Actions towards raising awareness about the problem among professionals and the community, early detection, and provision of appropriate services are mandatory.
Leaf senescence: progression, regulation, and application
Authors: Guo Yongfeng , Ren Guodong , Zhang Kewei , Li Zhonghai , Miao Ying , Guo Hongwei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLeaf senescence, the last stage of leaf development, is a type of postmitotic senescence and is characterized by the functional transition from nutrient assimilation to nutrient remobilization which is essential for plants’ fitness. The initiation and progression of leaf senescence are regulated by a variety of internal and external factors such as age, phytohormones, and environmental stresses. Significant breakthroughs in dissecting the molecular mechanisms underpinning leaf senescence have benefited from the identification of senescence-altered mutants through forward genetic screening and functional assessment of hundreds ofsenescence-associated genes(SAGs)viareverse genetic research in model plantArabidopsis thalianaas well as in crop plants. Leaf senescence involves highly complex genetic programs that are tightly tuned by multiple layers of regulation, including chromatin and transcription regulation, post-transcriptional, translational and post-translational regulation. Due to the significant impact of leaf senescence on photosynthesis, nutrient remobilization, stress responses, and productivity, much effort has been made in devising strategies based on known senescence regulatory mechanisms to manipulate the initiation and progression of leaf senescence, aiming for higher yield, better quality, or improved horticultural performance in crop plants. This review aims to provide an overview of leaf senescence and discuss recent advances in multi-dimensional regulation of leaf senescence from genetic and molecular network perspectives. We also put forward the key issues that need to be addressed, including the nature of leaf age, functional stay-green trait, coordination between different regulatory pathways, source-sink relationship and nutrient remobilization, as well as translational researches on leaf senescence.
Outcomes of “Real-World” Insulin Strategies in the Management of Hospital Hyperglycemia
Authors: Sadhu Archana R , Patham Bhargavi , Vadhariya Aisha , Chikermane Soumya G , Johnson Michael L 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Context
Guidelines recommend scheduled long-acting basal and short-acting bolus insulin several times daily to manage inpatient hyperglycemia. In the “real world,” insulin therapy is complicated, with limited data on the comparative effectiveness of different insulin strategies.

Objective
This work aimed to evaluate the association of different insulin strategies with glucose control and hospital outcomes after adjustment for patient and physician factors that influence choice of therapy.

Methods
This retrospective, observational study took place at an academic hospital. Participants included noncritically ill hospitalized medical/surgical patients (n = 4558) receiving subcutaneous insulin for 75% or longer during admission. Insulin therapy was grouped into 3 strategies within the first 48 hours: basal bolus (BB: scheduled long and short/rapid n = 2358), sliding scale (SS: short/rapid acting n = 1855), or basal only (BO: long only: n = 345). Main outcome measures included glucose control: hypoglycemic days, hyperglycemic days, euglycemic days, mean glucose; and hospitalization: in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), and readmissions.

Results
Initial therapy with BB was associated with more hypoglycemic (2.40; CI, 2.04 to 2.82) (P &lt; .001) and fewer euglycemic days (0.90; CI, 0.85 to 0.97) (P = .003) than SS, whereas BO was associated with fewer hyperglycemic days (0.70; CI, 0.62 to 0.79) (P &lt; .001), lower mean glucose (–18.03; CI, –22.46 to –12.61) (P &lt; .001), and more euglycemic days (1.22; CI, 1.09 to 1.37) (P &lt; .001) compared to SS. No difference in mortality, LOS, and readmissions was found. However, decreased LOS was observed in the BB subgroup with a medical diagnostic related group (0.93; CI, 0.89 to 0.97) (P &lt; .001).

Conclusion
BO had a more favorable hyperglycemia profile than SS. BB, on the other hand, showed worse glycemic control as compared to SS. In the real-world hospital, BO may be a simpler and more effective insulin strategy.
Collaborative Opportunities of Exercise and Nutrition Professionals with Levels of Disease Prevention
Authors: Melton Bridget , Romanchik-Cerpovicz Joelle E. 
Published: June 2021

Apply It!
After reading this article, health and fitness professionals will be able to:
• define the five levels of disease prevention
• explain how health and fitness professionals fit within each level of prevention
• highlight how to collaborate with a registered dietitian nutritionist to meet clients’ health and wellness goals
Tips on How to Prepare and Lead a Livestreaming Exercise Program in One-sided Free Platforms
Authors: Daskalaki Katerina , Beneka Anastasia , Malliou Paraskevi-Vivian 
Published: June 2021

Apply It!
By reading this article, the fitness professional who leads Internet-based livestreaming programs in open platforms will:
• Learn how to lead a safe, effective, and enjoyable livestreaming group exercise program for exercisers of all levels and of different musculoskeletal conditions.
• Understand the particularities of livestreaming training sessions that are shot in nonprofessional settings (i.e., at home) to build them in the most professional way.
Revealing performance factors for supply chain sustainability: A systematic literature review from a social capital perspective
Authors: Dias Gustavo Picanço , Silva Minelle 
Published: June 2021

Goal: The supply chain sustainability (SCS) literature is missing studies that specifically analyse factors that impact sustainability performance in supply chains, according to specific theoretical backgrounds. Within this context, this paper aims to understand how and why social capital theory (SCT) can inspire SCS studies and practice. In doing so, two research questions are addressed: (1) How has the SCS literature evolved in its application of the social capital theory?, and (2) What are the main sustainability performance factors studied in SCS?.
Design / Methodology / Approach: A systematic literature review was developed. Data were collected from 12 years (2008–2019) in two databases (i.e. EBSCO and Web of Science) and a total of 56 articles were selected and analysed through deductive and inductive content analysis.
Results: The analysis revealed 24 performance factors that influence SCS research throughout the three sustainability dimensions (i.e. economic, environmental and social). We found that social capital makes a significant conceptual contribution to understanding how the supply chain practices (i.e. cooperation, coordination, collaboration, resource exchanges and information sharing) explain how relationships are formed and interrelated to improve SCS performance.
Limitations of the investigation: The use of two databases may present limited results, which may have resulted in missing publications.
Practical implications: By recognising the performance factor for SCS, managers can identify their supply chain practices and increase their strategies within the relationship.
Originality / Value: By revealing the performance factors that can increase SCS, this paper reinforce how powerful SCT is to explain SCS performance.
Pandemie-Leugnung und extreme Rechte
Authors: Virchow Fabian , Häusler Alexander 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Protests against the measures taken to contain the Covid 19 pandemic have occurred in numerous European countries since the spring of 2020. Some of these have pointed to serious political consequences (democratic deficit) or negative economic impacts; others have spread narratives about the “true background” of the pandemic or the measures taken in the political arena. In view of the symbols of the extreme right that already appeared in the early phase of the protests, such as flags in the colors black-white-red, the question was quickly discussed to what extent and with what prospects of success protagonists of the extreme right participated in these protests. This article is based on a study that investigated these questions using the example of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is supplemented and updated by selected results of other studies.
Strategien und Dilemmata beim Abstand halten gegen Rechts
Authors: Mühe Marieluise 
Published: June 2021

Zusammenfassung
Das Jahr 2020 markiert für die Protest- und Bewegungslandschaft eine Zäsur: Besonders die Gegenproteste zu Rechts befanden sich in einem verschärften Spannungsfeld zwischen pandemiebedingten Einschränkungen und den Mobilisierungserfolgen der aufkommenden Proteste gegen die staatlichen Corona-Eindämmungsmaßnahmen. Der Beitrag zeigt am Beispiel des Bündnisses für ein weltoffenes und tolerantes Berlin, welche Herausforderungen und Konsequenzen für das gemeinsame Handeln die Corona-Pandemie aus der Sicht zivilgesellschaftlicher Akteure mit sich bringt. Dabei wird die These vertreten, dass die Risiken und Beschränkungen durch die pandemische Lage kombiniert mit der Gefahr der neuen rechtsoffenen Allianzen demobilisierend wirkten und diese Verdichtung an Bedrohungen eine Neuausrichtung zur Folge hatte.
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of olive leaf extract treatment in diabetic rat brain
Authors: Berköz Mehmet , Kahraman Tahir , Shamsulddin Zwain Nozad , Krośniak Mirosław 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Olive (Olea europaea L.) plays a promising role in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic production. On the other hand, olive leaf is widely used in folk medicine due to its antihyperglycemic activity. For this aim, possible effects of olive leaf extract (OLE) in the brain tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were investigated.

Methods
A total of 28 male rats were divided into four equal groups as control, diabetic (single dose of 45 mg/kg streptozotocin, i.p.), OLE (500 mg/kg/day), and diabetic + OLE groups. The study was terminated 21 days after the diabetes model was formed. At the end of the study, all the animals were sacrificed and blood and brain tissues were isolated. Relative brain weights, complete blood count, blood glycated hemoglobin, serum glucose, total protein, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, gonadal hormone levels, production and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators, total thiol, total oxidative stress, and total antioxidant status levels and fatty acid composition in brain tissue were measured in all study groups.

Results
In diabetic rats, relative brain weight and serum insulin level decreased, glycated hemoglobin, oxidative stress, production and mRNA level of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators increased, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, degraded fatty acid composition, anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia occurred. After OLE treatment, a remarkable improvement in most of these parameters, except gonadal hormones, has been observed in diabetic rats.

Conclusions
This study suggests that olive leaf can be a precious neuroprotective agent in diabetes.
The onager kings of Anatolia: Hartapus, Gordis, Muška and the steppe strand in early Phrygian culture
Authors: Oreshko Rostislav 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The article discusses a complex of questions associated with the king Ḫartapus and early culture of the Phrygians. §§ 1-3 revise the evidence of the newly discovered HLuw. inscription TÜRKMEN-KARAHÖYÜK, arguing that the correct reading of king’s name in the first line is AQUILA+ra/i-tá-pu-sa = Ḫartapus, and (once again) that the king is not a conqueror, but a native king of Masa or Muška, who reigned in the late 2nd millennium BC. In §§ 4-5 it is suggested that HLuw. Ḫartapus conceals an early Phrygian name preserved in the toponym *Γαρδιβιον (*Γαρδυβιον) attested in the inscriptions of the Xenoi Tekmoreioi. §§ 6-11 argue that the name *Gardabos is connected with Sanskrit gardabhá- ‘donkey’, that it corresponds semantically to the west-Anatolian names Tarkasnawas and Tarkašnalliš, and that donkey ears of King Midas are a late ‘refraction’ of this fact. § 12 discusses the morphological structure of *Gardabos, revising the PIE suffix *-bho- and suggesting new cognates for Skr. gard- ‘shout’ (Armenian kard- and Baltic gerd-). §§ 13-14 discuss a probable steppe background of the ‘donkey-names’. In § 15 it is suggested that Phrygian name Gordis is based on the same root as *Gardabos, and some relevant Phrygian epigraphical evidence is presented. § 16 discusses a further probable Anatolian ‘donkey-name’, Mugallu and its likely cognate μύκαλος. §§ 17-18 touch upon the etymology of the ethnic names Masa and Muška, connecting them with the word for ‘mule’ preserved in the modern Balkan languages (Alb. mushk(ë) etc.), and, more speculatively, with the old Balkan word for ‘horse’ (*me(n)za-). § 19 argues that the ethnic name Φρύγες may have a similar original meaning, going back to another Balkan term for ‘donkey’, βρικός.
Disproving a conjecture of Thornton on Bohemian matrices
Authors: Du Zhibin , da Fonseca Carlos M. , Xu Yingqiu , Ye Jiahao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we disprove a remaining conjecture about Bohemian matrices, in which the numbers of distinct determinants of a normalized Bohemian upper-Hessenberg matrix were conjectured.
M-polynomial-based topological indices of metal-organic networks
Authors: Kashif Agha , Aftab Sumaira , Javaid Muhammad , Awais Hafiz Muhammad 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Topological index (TI) is a numerical invariant that helps to understand the natural relationship of the physicochemical properties of a compound in its primary structure. George Polya introduced the idea of counting polynomials in chemical graph theory and Winer made the use of TI in chemical compounds working on the paraffin's boiling point. The literature of the topological indices and counting polynomials of different graphs has grown extremely since that time. Metal-organic network (MON) is a group of different chemical compounds that consist of metal ions and organic ligands to represent unique morphology, excellent chemical stability, large pore volume, and very high surface area. Working on structures, characteristics, and synthesis of various MONs show the importance of these networks with useful applications, such as sensing of different gases, assessment of chemicals, environmental hazard, heterogeneous catalysis, gas and energy storage devices of excellent material, conducting solids, super-capacitors and catalysis for the purification, and separation of different gases. The above-mentioned properties and physical stability of these MONs become a most discussed topic nowadays. In this paper, we calculate the M-polynomials and various TIs based on these polynomials for two different MONs. A comparison among the aforesaid topological indices is also included to represent the better one.
Production of voice onset time (VOT) by senior Polish learners of English
Authors: Sypiańska Jolanta 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAlthough research on foreign language learning among seniors has recently accelerated, studies on L2 phonology in this age group remain scarce. Seniors may be at a great disadvantage when it comes to learning the sounds of a foreign language because age of onset has been shown to correlate negatively with ultimate attainment especially for phonology (Piske et al. 2001). However, this is all the more reason to attempt a better understanding of the mechanisms of senior. This paper offers an attempt at shedding light on how senior learners with an age of L2 onset above 60 produce voiced and voiceless L2 word-initial stops. Twenty L1 Polish senior learners of English were asked to read a list of words containing word-initial voiced and voiceless plosives in their L2 English at A2+/B1 level according to CEFR. The results show that the senior Polish learners of English produce an in-between category for the English stops (with VOT longer than for Polish, but shorter than native English). The senior learners also experienced L1 drift, but mostly in the voiceless L1 Polish stops.
ENDOCRINE TUMOURS: Thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma: a structured review of 535 adult cases
Authors: De Herdt Carlien , Philipse Eva , De Block Christophe 
Published: June 2021

Background and aims
Thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas (TSHomas) are a rare entity, occurring in one per million people. We performed a systematic review of 535 adult cases summarizing the clinical, biochemical, hormonal and radiological characteristics of TSHoma. Furthermore, we discussed the current guidelines for diagnosis and treatment.

Methods
A structured research was conducted using Pubmed and Web of Science with the following MeSH terms: 'thyrotropin secreting pituitary adenoma' OR 'TSHoma' OR 'thyrotropinoma.'

Results
Our analysis included 535 cases originating from 18 case series, 5 cohort studies and 91 case reports. The mean age at diagnosis was 46 years. At presentation, 75% had symptoms of hyperthyroidism, 55.5% presented with a goitre and 24.9% had visual field defects. The median TSH at diagnosis was 5.16 (3.20–7.43) mU/L with a mean FT4 of 41.5 ± 15.3 pmol/L. The majority (76.9%) of the TSHomas were macroadenoma. Plurihormonality was seen in 37.4% of the adenoma with a higher incidence in macroadenoma. Surgical resection of the adenoma was performed in 87.7% of patients of which 33.5% had residual pituitary adenoma. Post-operative treatment with a somatostatin analogue (SSA) led to a stable disease in 81.3% of the cases with residual tumour. We noticed a significant correlation between the diameter of the adenoma and residual pituitary adenoma (r = 0.490, P  < 0.001). However, in patients preoperatively treated with an SSA, this correlation was absent.

Conclusion
TSHomas are a rare cause of hyperthyroidism and are frequently misdiagnosed. Based on our structured analysis of case series, cohort studies and case reports, we conclude that the majority of TSHomas are macroadenoma being diagnosed in the fifth to sixth decade of life and presenting with symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Plurihormonalitiy is observed in one-third of TSHomas. Treatment consists of neurosurgical resection and SSA in case of surgical failure.
Using Songs to Improve EFL Students' Pronunciation
Authors: Villalobos Ulate Nuria 
Published: June 2021

Se analiza la utilidad de las canciones en las clases de inglés y cómo pueden usarse para la enseñanza de la pronunciación. Estudiantes de todas las edades tienen un gran interés por la música, de modo que es un recurso que debe aprovecharse. Con el fin de comprender y mejorar la producción de distintos sonidos y elementos suprasegmentales, se presenta a los profesores de inglés como lengua extranjera para hispanohablantes estas ideas para usar canciones en la clase. Esta invéstigación está basada en la experiencia de la autora como aprendiente y docente de la lengua extranjera.The importance of using songs in the English classroom and how it can be implemented to teach pronunciation is analyzed here. Students of all ages have a strong i nterest in music; therefore, it is a resource that should be taken into account. To understand and improve the production of varied sounds and suprasegmental features, English as a Foreign Language teachers of Spanish speakers are given these ideas to analyze songs in class. This research is based on the author's experience as a foreign language leamer and teacher.