bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STRENGTH OF SHIPS’ GRILLAGES UNDER LATERAL LOAD AND IN-PLANE COMPRESSION
Authors: Lokshin A Z , Mishkevich V G , Ivanov L D 
Published: December 2021

The paper deals with strength of a grillage loaded by lateral load and in-plane compression load (in one direction). It consists of a system of prismatic girders crossing under 90°. The compression load is taken by the longitudinal girders that are elastically fixed on rigid supports. The system of aggregated differential equations is derived for solution of the problem using the Lagrange method. It allows for replacement of the system of aggregated differential equations by a system of independent differential equations. These equations for the case of simultaneous action of lateral and longitudinal compression load have the form of differential equations for bending of prismatic girders laying on elastic foundation and loaded with lateral and longitudinal compression forces. When only lateral load exists, the form of these equations coincides with the form of differential equations for bending of girders laying on elastic foundation and loaded with lateral load alone. When only longitudinal compression load exists, the form of these equations coincides with the form of differential equations for buckling of girders laying on elastic foundation.
Solutions are given for bending of a grillage (the first two problems). Formulas are derived for calculation of the parameters of longitudinal girders’ bending when girders’ end sections are elastically fixed. Also, formulas are derived for calculation of the reaction forces at cross-points of transverse and longitudinal girders. When only longitudinal compression load exists (third problem), a solution is given for the connection between the coefficient of elastic foundation’s rigidity and the Euler force. Results obtained by using the proposed method are compared with FEA simulations.
The relationship between numerosity perception and mathematics ability in adults: the moderating role of dots number
Authors: Sun Ji , Sun Pei 
Published: December 2021

Background
It has been proposed that numerosity perception is the cognitive underpinning of mathematics ability. However, the existence of the association between numerosity perception and mathematics ability is still under debate, especially in adults. The present study examined the relationship between numerosity perception and mathematics ability and the moderating role of dots number (i.e., the numerosity of items in dot set) in adults.

Methods
Sixty-four adult participants from Anshun University completed behavioral measures that tested numerosity perception of small numbers and large numbers, mathematics ability, inhibition ability, visual-spatial memory, and set-switching ability.

Results
We found that numerosity perception of small numbers correlated significantly with mathematics ability after controlling the influence of inhibition ability, visual-spatial memory, and set-switching ability, but numerosity perception of large numbers was not related to mathematics ability in adults.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that the dots number moderates the relationship between numerosity perception and mathematics ability in adults and may contribute to explaining the contradictory findings in the previous literature about the link between numerosity perception and mathematics ability.
Female Sexual Dysfunction in a Third Level Health Facility, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Okwudili Oranu Emmanuel , Oluwaseun Owolabi Ayodeji 
Published: December 2021

Background: Observation during our gynaecology consultations does not tend to agree with reviews in literature suggesting high prevalence of sexual dysfunction. With this background, we decided to subject this general observation to scientific scrutiny to determine the proportion of our patients that actually have sexual dysfunction; and thepredisposing risk factors.
Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with sexual dysfunction in females attending the gynaecology clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Port Harcourt.
Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional questionnaire based study of 72 females of reproductive age group attending the outpatient gynaecological unit of UPTH. They were interviewed using the Female Sexual Dysfunction Index (FSFI). A total FSFI score of less than 26.5 was indicative of sexual dysfunction. The data were collated and entered into SPSS version23 statistical software which was also used for analysis. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in females was 61.1% using the FSFI of less than 26.50. The most common type of sexual dysfunction among the respondents was desire disorders (66.7%) followed by disorders of orgasm (62.5%), lubrication (56.9%), arousal (43.1%) and pain (40.3%). Advanced age, higher education, parity and female genital cutting were found to be associated with sexual dysfunction.
Conclusion: The findings in this study showed that a significant number of women in our centre are affected with sexual dysfunction.
Chemical and Medicinal Properties of Rauwolfia vomitoria (AFZEL) Harvested from the South Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Chinonye Iwu Irenus , Chijioke Chinonye , Iwuji C. Samuel , Ifeoma Obiagwu , Lynda Uchenna Onu , Augusta Ukaoma Adanma , Maureen Chijioke-Okere , Oluchukwu Ezekoye. Miracle 
Published: December 2021

Aim: This work was carried out to evaluate the chemical constituents of the leaf of Rauwolfia vomitoria and to determine the activities of the extract on some selected human pathogens
Study Design: The study was designed to characterize the compounds in the extract and to determine their medicinal applications
Place and Duration of Study: The work was done at the Department of Chemistry Federal University of Technology Owerri
Methodology: Standard assay technique was used to evaluate the phytochemical content of the sample. GC-MS analysis was carried out on the chloroform extract of the sample. The anti microbial activities were determines using the well agar diffusion method
Results: The analysis of the components of the leaf extract of Rauwolfia vomitoria Afzel revealed the presence of 34 compounds with their molecular masses molecular weights and structures, all elucidated. The initial phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids 1.92%, saponins 1.12% , flavonoids 1.15% and cardiac glycosides, the extract showed marked inhibition of the growth of certain human pathogens with inhibition diameters recorded against Klebsiella pnuemonia, 22 mm, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 18 mm,Aspergillis niger 24 mm and Mucor specie 9 mm but was resistant to Streptococcus specie.The extract contain anti cancer,anti-tumuor antioxidant, anti-inflammatory ,cardioprotectives compounds which inludes phytol, Vitamin E, Campestrol, sistosterol, squalene, lupeol and vaccenic acid.
Conclusion: Owing to the identified properties of the sample ,Rauwofia vomitoria leaf is excellent ingredient for the treatment of diaeases related to Klebsiella pnuemonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Aspergillis niger and Mucor specie and also for the treatment cancer, tumuor, inflammation, arthritis,beingn prostate hyperplasia, fibromyalgia, allergies, coronary heart.
Echocardiographic Findings in Children of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Yasmin Farhana , Afroz Shireen 
Published: December 2021

Background: Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) are at significantly increased risk for both morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Determining the spectrum of echocardiographic abnormalities in these patients can help in reduction of morbidity and mortality from CKD.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was held on department of Pediatric Nephrology, Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, during July 2018 to December 2018 (Six months). A total of thirty-six children with chronic kidney disease with creatinine clearance <60ml/min/1.73 m2 and age ranged from 2 to 16 years on supportive treatment and hemodialysis were included. In control group equal number of age and sex matched healthy children without any preexisting renal or cardiovascular diseases were included. Both study group and control group were assessed for cardiovascular findings by echocardiography.
Results: The mean age was 9.09±3.01 years (mean±SD) in case group and 7.85±3.69 years (mean±SD) in control group. Regarding sex, 22 patients (61.1%) in the case group were male and 14 (38.9%) were female. In this study, in CKD patients significant (p<0.001) difference was observed in following cardiac parameters, left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) (38.34 vs 34.52), left ventricular end systolic diameter LVESD (26.64 vs 20.75), interventricular septal thickness (IVS) (9.34 vs 7.27), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT) (8.36 vs 7.46), ejection fraction (EF) (56.68% vs 70.36%), fractional shortening (FS) (31.88% vs 38.30%) and peak early diastole velocity/peak atrial filling velocity (E/A ratio) (1.15 vs 1.45) when compared to control group. Most common cardiac abnormality in children with chronic kidney disease were left ventricular systolic dysfunction (44.4%), mild pulmonary hypertension (30.6%) and left atrial dilatation (27. 8%).
Conclusion: Left ventricular systolic dysfunction was the commonest echocardiographic findings in CKD children. There was also significant difference in diastolic function between study and control group.
Educational Intervention to Improve the Knowledge, Attitude, Practices of Health Care Professionals and Students Regarding the Pharmacovigilance in Tertiary Care Hospitals
Authors: Kumar M. Pramod , Kumar T. Sasi , Indira C. , Gayatri K. , Bindhu B. Hima , Kumar A. Arjun 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: An adverse drug reaction (ADR) is any noxious, unintended, and undesired effect of a drug, which occurs at the doses which are used in humans for prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy, which is reported by ‘‘the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem” known as PV. ADRs are significantly underreported worldwide. A KAP survey usually conducted to collect information on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices about general and/or specific topics of a particular population.
Aim and Objectives: To evaluate the KAP studies on the educational intervention to improve the knowledge, attitude, practice of health care professionals and students regarding the pharmacovigilance in tertiary care hospitals. To evaluate, assess and evaluate the measures the knowledge, attitude and practice of PV among students and Health Care Professionals in tertiary care hospital of India.
Methods: Pharmacists and HCPs were asked to complete a paper-based 21 item questionnaire.
Results: A total of 250 pharmacists received the questionnaire and 214 agreed to participate, giving a response rate of 85.6%. In knowledge, component of ADR were known by 71.2% and the term PV and ADR were answered correctly (97.3%). In practice 55.9% attended the PV workshop and 88.8% were willing to implement ADR reporting in practice.
Conclusion: Most of the participants had relatively better knowledge and practice towards PV and ADR reporting. Majority of the health care professional felt ADR reporting to be important. The study also shows, after counseling to them we got better response and results than before. The finding of our study suggests that there is scope for improving the ongoing Pharmacovigilance activities in India. There is a need for continuing educational initiatives for pharmacist and other health care professionals.
The Effects of Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Waste Land soil Bacterial and Fungal Isolates
Authors: Lakshmi P. Jayashree , Selvi K. Vanmathi 
Published: December 2021

Objective: Different bacterial and fungal isolates were collected from the wasteland municipality site, Tambaram. The antimicrobial activity of two types of nanoparticles ZnO & SiO2 [Zinc oxide and Silicon dioxide] against several types of Gram-negative bacteria and fungi was investigated in this work.
Methods: P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis, Penicillium oxalicum and Aspergillus fumigatus were isolated from 5 soil samples taken from three sites of Tambaram Municipality wasteland (Chennai). After collecting the samples, we used culturing and biochemical tests to identify the microbes and then used a chemical approach to make ZnO and SiO2 nanoparticles with altered structure and morphological features. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was used to assess the antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles against various microorganisms.
Results: The best inhibition zone was found in Pseudomonas sps and Bacillus sps growth at concentrations of 10 µg/ml and 5 µg /ml of nano-ZnO, respectively, whereas the lower inhibition zone was found in Penicillium oxalicum and Aspergillus fumigatus at a dosage of 2.5 µg /ml of the same nanoparticle. It was also discovered that no inhibitory zone existed in any of the bacteria and fungi at a concentration of 10 µg /ml nano-SiO2. We found that all of the bacteria and fungi we tested were completely inhibited at a concentration of 1.25 g/ml nano-ZnO (MIC), with no antibacterial activity below this concentration. When compared to data that showed that all tested bacteria were not completely inhibited even at a concentration of 0.625 g/ml of nano-SiO2.
Conclusion: In comparison to the two nanoparticles (ZnO and SiO2), nano-ZnO outperformed nano-SiO2 in inhibiting most bacteria and fungi at the quantities tested in wasteland soil.
Effective Response to DPP-4 Inhibitors in Patients of COVID – 19 Triggered Uncontrolled Type 2 DM – A Case Report
Authors: Dahiwele Akshay , Patil Shailesh , Zilate Sarju , Salankar Harsh , Rode Sonali 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: A bidirectional relationship exist between the COVID -19 diagnosed & recovered patient and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. As per the various article available in public domain it has been proved that entry of COVID – 19 virus can lead to a series of pathological changes into a patient’s body which may lead to the development of insulin resistance and damage to the pancreas.
The patient in our case was a COVID – 19 survivor which was diagnosed with type 2 DM during the treatment. The patient was started with the Glargine insulin when she was undergoing her treatment in the hospital for COVID – 19 Symptoms. Her fasting and postprandial blood sugar level was controlled with the insulin. After her discharged she was started with the Metformin 500 mg twice a day but her blood sugar was not controlled with the Metformin monotherapy, so we started with the triple drug combination Metformin + Glimepiride + Pioglitazone. After 1 month of follow-up, it was seen that the blood sugar level was not controlled, so the Pioglitazone was replaced with the DPP-4 inhibitor drug Vildagliptin and again the patient was asked to come for follow-up after 15 days, it was seen in this follow-up that the patients’ blood sugar was dramatically controlled.
Conclusion: COVID – 19 triggered Type 2 DM is the result of cytokine storm develop during the disease. Metformin and DPP – 4 inhibitors reduce the insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes patients and helps to achieve the euglycemic goal of the patient.
Relationship between Uncertainty Tolerance and Acceptance in Postoperative Patients with Cervical Cancer
Authors: Ghaffar Bushra , Shah Muhammad Jahangir , Zaka Marvi 
Published: December 2021

Background and Objectives: The main objective of the study is to explore the relationship between uncertainty tolerance and positive acceptance of post-surgical patients with cervical cancer and provide reference opinions for gynecological nurses to carry out targeted health education for patients.
Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in Nishtar Hospital Multan with the collaboration of BVH and Avicenna Hospital, Lahore during March 2021 to September 2021. The "Uncertainty Tolerance Scale" and "Positive Acceptance Scale" were used to investigate 233 post-operative patients of cervical cancer.
Results: The uncertainty tolerance and acceptance aggressiveness scores were 3.74±0.34 and 1.96±0.20, respectively, with a significant correlation coefficient between uncertainty tolerance and acceptance aggressiveness (r= -0.516, P<0.05).
Conclusion: It is concluded that the uncertainty tolerance and positive acceptance levels of patients after cervical cancer surgery were low and were negatively correlated with each other. The gynecological nurses should consider the patients' uncertainty tolerance post-surgery and develop tailored health education and intervention programs to improve the positive acceptance level of post-surgical patients with cervical cancer.
Dental Anthropology-A Revolutionary Tool in Forensic Science
Authors: Raza Anura Saher , Reche Amit , Chhabra Kumar Gaurav , Madhu Priyanka Paul , Dixit Drishti 
Published: December 2021

Dental anthropology is a field of physical anthropology that studies the origin, development, and evolution of anthropoid dentitions, as well as their relationship to social, physical, and cultural factors. Teeth have their own distinct morphology and physiology, which is in stark contrast to the body's genetic structure. Teeth are also unique among the resistant elements of archaeological and fossil remains in that they have been exposed on the body's surface throughout their lives. As a result, dental anthropology may be assessed in the mouth cavity of living humans using similar methods to those used for prehistoric relics. As a result, it's no surprise that practising dental surgeons have historically ranked well among dental anthropologists.
This review’s initial purpose is to provide an overview of the morphological and non-morphological properties of animate dentitions that aid in the indirect identification of prehistoric remains and the understanding of their cultural, social, and physical relationships, as well as to assist forensic odontologists with craniofacial identification and skull bone reconstruction.
Hepatitis B, C, and HIV Infections among blood Donors at Several Hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Arshad Shafia , Arif Amina , Ahmad Rafique , Seemab Zeemal , Shaheen Faiqa , Tanveer Rida 
Published: December 2021

The study's objectives are to find out the frequency of hepatitis C, B, and HIV infection among blood donors at different hospitals of Lahore; to understand the relationship of demographic risk factors contributing to the positive cases of hepatitis C, B, and HIV. A cross-sectional study with random sampling in which 200 blood donors participated. A questionnaire was used to record the social and personal practices. A small percentage of blood donors have a history of jaundice. More than one-fourth had undergone surgical intervention, and more than one-third had suffered a needle stick injury. The vast majority had a history of I/V injections/drips, tooth extraction/dental operations, or both. 10.5% of blood donors were Anti-HBV positive, 12.5% were Anti-HCV positive, and 0.5% were HIV positive. Shaving from community barbers should be avoided. In addition, to overcome hepatitis B, C, and HIV transmission, health education programs should be held among blood donors and the general public to prevent them from infection.
Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Formulation of Borage (Borago officinalis) Seeds Oil and Leaves Extracts as Microemulsion
Authors: Yaghmour Reem , Garajah Marwa , Kayali Ibrahim , Al-Rimawi Fuad 
Published: December 2021

Aims: This study aims to investigate antioxidant and antibacterial activities of borage (seeds and leaves) extracts, and to prepare different topical microemulsion formulations using borage oil.
Study Design: Borage seeds and leaves were collected from Hebron -Palestine, then the borage leaves and seeds were prepared for extraction and then extracted with Soxhlet using ethanol. The antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of the extracts were studied, and then Ternary Phase Diagram was constructed using the borage extracts (from seeds and leaves).
Methodology: The seeds were cultivated upon their ripening season in April of 2016 from the Halhul mountains in Hebron/Palestine. Soxhlet method was used to extract borage seeds and leaves oil by using ethanol 95%. A ternary phase diagram was constructed by determining appropriate nonionic surfactant to assess the ability for microemulsion formulation and durability of each system. Tween 80 was found to be more suitable to solubilize each of borage seeds and leaves extracts compared with Tween 20 due to its prominent hydrophobic properties. The antibacterial activity was evaluated for both borage seeds and leaves extracts using a well diffusion method against Staphyloococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, &Candida albicans.
Results: Results showed that the seeds extract has inhibition zone (12 mm) against S. aureus (gram positive bacteria) higher than inhibition zone that leaves extracts exhibited (7.5mm), but no significant effects observed for both extracts against E. coli and C. albicans. In addition, antibacterial activity for microemulsions formulation was measured against S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans. Results showed that there is minor activity against S. aureus when compared to PenicillinG and the pure seed oil or leaves extract. In contrast no activity was reported against E. coli and C. albicans. The antioxidant activity was further indicated by the quiet good ability to reduce the FRAP reagent for both extracts with the indication of higher seeds extract activity. This variation is explained by the higher seeds extract content of polyphenol, tocopherol and vitamin C than leaves extract.
Conclusion: Borage seeds and leaves were extracted, and the extracts were showed antimicrobial and antioxidant activity and showed that they can be used in microemulsion using ternary phase diagram.
Comparison of the Hypotension in Lateral Verses Sitting Positions during Induction of Spinal Anaesthesia for Caesarean Section
Authors: Arshed Muhammad , Khatoon Hafiza , Nadeem Kenza , Ali Tahir , Asad Hira , Hussain Shahid 
Published: December 2021

Objective: To compare the hypotension in lateral verses sitting positions during induction of spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section.
Study Design: This is a Randomized control trial (RCT) study.
Setting: Study carried out at Department of Anaesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care Unit and Pain Management, Civil Hospital, Dow University of health sciences Karachi, from December 2018 to June 2019.
Materials and Methods: All women age 18 to 45 underwent elective caesarian section having ASA I and II, singleton pregnancy on ultrasound with parity ≤3 were enrolled. Patients were randomized to receive spinal anaesthesia in the lateral position (Group L) or the sitting position (Group S) through lottery methods. Using the L3-4 interspace, patients received intrathecal plain bupivacaine, 10mg or 12 mg according to their height, after which they was placed immediately in the supine position with left uterine displacement. Maternal blood pressure was measured with the help of Non-invasive BP apparatus. BP was recorded at baseline then every 5 min till 30 minutes by anesthetist who was unaware of parturient group. Any single or more reading of SBP of <90 mmHg was considered as Hypotension.
Results: Mean age of the patients in lateral group was 31.49 ±10.87 years and mean age of the patients in sitting group was 31.80 ±10.77 years (p-value 0.869). Majority of the patients 35 (62.5%) with hypotension were presented with sitting position. Chi square test was applied and statistically significant difference was observed between groups (p-value 0.012).
Conclusion: We concluded that less frequency of hypotension was observed when spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section using plain bupivacaine in the lateral position.