bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Care Rehabilitation Following Upper and Lower Extremity Free Flap Surgery: A Review of Best Practices and Case Reports
Authors: Fufa Duretti , Osei Daniel , Antonietti Samantha , Keaney Kathryn 
Published: July 2021

Purpose:
The purpose of this article is to highlight the guiding principles and protocols for immediate and early postoperative management of upper and lower extremity flaps. We review critical principals of flap monitoring, dangling protocols, splinting, and positioning, as they relate to the physical and occupational therapists' acute care of patients following flap surgery. We refer to the protocol used at our facility but also discuss other protocols used in different hospitals.

Case Demonstrations:
Two cases have been discussed in this article, one involving the upper extremity and the other involving the lower extremity. The first case is a 43-year-old man who fell on the subway tracks, resulting in severe electrical burns requiring an anterolateral thigh flap for soft tissue coverage of exposed bone. The second case is a 55-year-old patient who was involved in a motor vehicle accident resulting in an open knee wound requiring a free latissimus dorsi muscle transfer for soft tissue coverage.

Conclusion:
There is no “gold standard” when treating a patient after flap surgery. As therapists, after a bed rest order is lifted, we initiate mobilizing a patient. Therefore, we may be present when a flap is at risk for compromise. As such, therapists should become familiar with the surgeon's protocol at their facility and understand how to appropriately progress patients. Additionally, a therapist should comprehend ways to assess a flap and familiarize themselves with principles of flap management.
Using Routinely Collected Electronic Health Record Data to Predict Readmission and Target Care Coordination
Authors: Omary Courtney , Wright Phyllis , Kumarasamy Mathu A. , Franks Nicole , Esper Gregory , Mouzon Helen B. , Barrolle Shimika , Horne Kandra , Cranmer John 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) are at high risk of being readmitted to hospitals within 30 days. Routinely collected electronic health record (EHR) data may enable hospitals to predict CRF readmission and target interventions to increase quality and reduce readmissions. We compared the ability of manually extracted variables to predict readmission compared with EHR-based prediction using multivariate logistic regression on 1 year of admission data from an academic medical center. Categorizing three routinely collected variables (creatinine, B-type natriuretic peptide, and length of stay) increased readmission prediction by 30% compared with paper-based methods as measured by C-statistic (AUC). Marginal effects analysis using the final multivariate model provided patient-specific risk scores from 0% to 44.3%. These findings support the use of routinely collected EHR data for effectively stratifying readmission risk for patients with CRF. Generic readmission risk tools may be evidence-based but are designed for general populations and may not account for unique traits of specific patient populations—such as those with CRF. Routinely collected EHR data are a rapid, more efficient strategy for risk stratifying and strategically targeting care. Earlier risk stratification and reallocation of clinician effort may reduce readmissions. Testing this risk model in additional populations and settings is warranted.
Axial Spondyloarthritis in the Chiropractic Care Setting
Authors: Deodhar Atul , Kiwalkar Sonam , Mehendale Teja , Bhalerao Shireesh 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), an immune-mediated inflammatory disease, is commonly associated with chronic inflammatory back pain (IBP) and often occurs years after initial onset of clinical symptoms. Recognition of IBP is important for timely referral of patients with suspected axSpA to a rheumatologist. Patients with all types of back pain are treated in chiropractic care, but the proportion of patients with undiagnosed axSpA is unknown. This systematic literature review investigated the presence of axSpA in patients treated by chiropractors and identified the chiropractor's role in axSpA diagnosis, referral, and management. A PubMed search was conducted using the following search strings: “chiropract*” AND (“sacroiliac” OR “back pain” OR “spondyloarthritis” OR “ankylosing spondylitis”); English language, since 2009; and (chiropractic OR chiropractor) AND (ankylosing spondylitis OR axial spondyloarthritis), with no date limits. Of 652 articles identified in the searches, 27 met the inclusion criteria. Although back pain was identified as a common reason for patients seeking chiropractic care, there was no mention of axSpA, ankylosing spondylitis, or the distinction between mechanical and IBP. Data from relevant articles suggested that the majority of patients seeking chiropractic care have lower back pain, whereas no articles reported axSpA in this patient population. The near absence of any identified articles on axSpA in chiropractic care may be due to underrecognition of axSpA, resulting in delayed rheumatology referral and appropriate management. Better awareness and increased use of validated screening tools could reduce diagnostic delay of axSpA in chiropractic care.
The Pattern of Change in Depressive Symptoms and Inflammatory Markers After Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Desfossés Charles-Yoland , Peredo Rossana , Chabot Andréane , Carmel Jean-Philippe , Tremblay Pierre-Marc , Mérette Chantal , Picher Geneviève , Lachance Isabelle , Patry Simon , Lemasson Morgane 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Depression is a major mental health disorder, and its pathophysiology is still largely unknown, as is the action mechanism of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Some evidence suggests that inflammation might play a role in depression, and several studies have attempted to demonstrate a link between ECT and cytokines. This systematic review used a qualitative analysis to assess the effect of ECT on inflammatory markers as it relates to the clinical response of depressive symptoms in major depressive disorders. The bibliographic search engines CINAHL, Embase, PsychInfo, and PubMed were used to identify articles published up to July 2020. Search terms related to depression, ECT, and inflammation were used. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed to relate changes in inflammatory markers to clinical response to ECT. Twenty-five studies were included in the analysis. No systematic increases or decreases were found in a given inflammatory marker over the ECT; however, we observed that tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were more often found to be decreased after ECT, whereas IL-8 and IL-10 were more often found to be increased after treatment. No trend in correlation was found between the degree of clinical improvement of depressive symptoms and the variation of any inflammatory markers, despite positive clinical response to ECT. Great heterogeneity with regard to methodology used and lack of power of the studies included in this review could explain the lack of systematic change and correlation found in this study. Future research conducted on this subject should take into account these methodological limitations to allow subsequent meta-analysis.
Physiological and genomic features of Henriciella with the description of Henriciella mobilis sp. nov.
Authors: Ren Wen-Ting , Cheng Hong , Wang Chun-Sheng , Xu Xue-Wei , Zhou Peng , Wu Yue-Hong 
Published: July 2021

Strains M65T, M69 and JN25 were isolated from seawater of the West Pacific Ocean. Cells of the three strains were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped. Cells were motile by means of flagella. On the basis of the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strains M65T, M69 and JN25 showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to

Henriciella algicola

MCS27T (98.8 %), followed by

Henriciella marina

DSM 19595T (98.4 %),

Henriciella barbarensis

MCS23T (98.4 %),

Henriciella pelagia

LA220T (98.3 %),

Henriciella aquimarina

P38T (98.1 %) and

Henriciella litoralis

SD10T (97.8 %). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities among the isolates were 100 %. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the isolates fell within a cluster comprising the

Henriciella

species and represented an independent lineage. The average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain M65T and the type strains of

Henriciella

species were 73.9–85.8 % and 19.9–22.4 %, respectively. The sole respiratory quinone detected in the three isolates was ubiquinone 10. The principal fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω7c and/or C18 : 1
ω6c) and C16 : 0. The major polar lipids were glucuronopyranosyldiglyceride, monoglycosyldiglyceride and one unidentified glycolipid. The DNA G+C content was 61.3–61.4 mol%. Phylogenetic distinctiveness, chemotaxonomic differences, together with phenotypic properties, revealed that the isolates could be differentiated from the

Henriciella

species with validly published names. Therefore, it is proposed that strains M65T, M69 and JN25 represent a novel species of the genus

Henriciella

, for which the name Henriciella mobilis sp. nov. (type strain, M65T=CGMCC 1.15927T=KCTC 52576T) is proposed.
Antibody titers measured by commercial assays are correlated with neutralizing antibody titers calibrated by international standards
Authors: Kung Yu-An , Huang Chung-Guei , Huang Sheng-Yu , Liu Kuan-Ting , Huang Peng-Nien , Yu Kar-Yee , Yang Shu-Li , Chen Chia-Pei , Cheng Ching-Yun , Lin Yueh-Te , Liu Yen-Chin , Chen Guang-Wu , Shih Shin-Ru 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe World Health Organization (WHO) has highlighted the importance of an international standard (IS) for SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titer detection, with the aim of calibrating different diagnostic techniques. In this study, IS was applied to calibrate neutralizing antibody titers (IU/mL) and binding antibody titers (BAU/mL) in response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Serum samples were collected from participants receiving the Moderna (n = 20) and Pfizer (n = 20) vaccines at three time points: pre-vaccination, after one dose, and after two doses. We obtained geometric mean titers of 1404.16 and 928.75 IU/mL for neutralizing antibodies after two doses of the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines, respectively. These values provide an important baseline for vaccine development and the implementation of non-inferiority trials. We also compared three commercially available kits from Roche, Abbott, and MeDiPro for the detection of COVID-19 antibodies based on binding affinity to S1 and/or RBD. Our results demonstrated that antibody titers measured by commercial assays are highly correlated with neutralizing antibody titers calibrated by IS.
How an election can be safely planned and conducted during a pandemic: Decision support based on a discrete event model
Authors: Weibrecht Nadine , Rößler Matthias , Bicher Martin , Emrich Štefan , Zauner Günther , Popper Niki 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn 2020, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic caused major limitations for any aspect of social life and in specific for all events that require a gathering of people. While most events of this kind can be postponed or cancelled, democratic elections are key elements of any democratic regime and should be upheld if at all possible. Consequently, proper planning is required to establish the highest possible level of safety to both voters and scrutineers. In this paper, we present the novel and innovative way how the municipal council and district council elections in Vienna were planned and conducted using an discrete event simulation model. Key target of this process was to avoid queues in front of polling stations to reduce the risk of related infection clusters. In cooperation with a hygiene expert, we defined necessary precautions that should be met during the election in order to avoid the spread of COVID-19. In a next step, a simulation model was established and parametrized and validated using data from previous elections. Furthermore, the planned conditions were simulated to see whether excessive queues in front of any polling stations could form, as these could on the one hand act as an infection herd, and on the other hand, turn voters away. Our simulation identified some polling stations where long queues could emerge. However, splitting up these electoral branches resulted in a smooth election across all of Vienna. Looking back, the election did not lead to a significant increase of COVID-19 incidences. Therefore, it can be concluded that careful planning led to a safe election, despite the pandemic.Author summaryWhy was this study done?The ongoing COVID-19-Pandemic poses a risk for elections, as these could lead to another spread of the disease.Additional hygiene measures, which are inevitable if the election is conducted, could lead to long queues in front of the polling stations on election day.What did the researchers do and find?We describe the defined additional hygiene measures.We modeled the whole election process, including the new hygiene concept, to show where extensive queues could form on the election day.We show that thanks to the additional hygiene measures, the election actually did not cause a temporary upswing of the epidemic.What do these findings mean?Thanks to careful planning, it is possible to safely hold an election during such a pandemic.Our simulation contributed to a safe and smooth election.However, it should be stated, that these findings hold for elections in Austria, where long queues in front of polling stations are comparably rare and short.
Determinants of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Engagement in Algeria: A Population-based Study with Systematic Review of Studies from Arab Countries of the MENA Region
Authors: Kacimi Salah Eddine Oussama , Klouche-Djedid Selma Nihel , Riffi Omar , Belaouni Hadj Ahmed , Yasmin Farah , Taouza Fatma Asma , Belakhdar Yasmine , Fellah Saliha Chiboub , Benmelouka Amira Yasmine , Ahmed Shoaib , Aloulou Mohammad , Bendelhoum Abdellah , Merzouk Hafida , Ghozy Sherief , Essar Mohammad Yasir , Haireche Mohamed Amine 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Algerian COVID-19 vaccination campaign, which started by the end of January 2021, is marked by a slowly ascending curve despite the deployed resources. To tackle the issue, we assessed the levels and explored determinants of engagement towards the COVID-19 vaccine among the Algerian population.MethodsA nationwide, online-based cross-sectional study was conducted between March 27 and April 30, 2021. A two-stage stratified snowball sampling method was used to include an equivalent number of participants from the four cardinal regions of the country. A vaccine engagement scale was developed, defining vaccine engagement as a multidimensional parameter (5 items) that combined self-stated acceptance and willingness with perceived safety and efficacy of the vaccine. An Engagement score was calculated and the median was used to define engagement versus nonengagement. Sociodemographic and clinical data, perceptions about COVID-19 and levels of adherence to preventive measures were analyzed as predictors for nonengagement.ResultsWe included 1,019 participants, 54% were female and 64% were aged 18-29 years. Overall, there were low rates of self-declared acceptance (26%) and willingness (21%) to take the vaccine, as well as low levels of agreement regarding vaccine safety (21%) and efficacy (30%). Thus, vaccine engagement rate was estimated at 33.5%, and ranged between 29.6-38.5% depending on the region (p>0.05). Nonengagement was independently associated with female gender (OR=2.31, p<0.001), low adherence level to preventive measures (OR=6.93p<0.001), private sector jobs (OR=0.53, p=0.038), perceived COVID-19 severity (OR=0.66, p=0.014), and fear from contracting the disease (OR=0.56, p=0.018). Concern about vaccine side effects (72.0%) and exigence for more efficacy and safety studies (48.3%) were the most commonly reported barrier and enabler for vaccine acceptance respectively; whereas beliefs in the conspiracy theory were reported by 23.4%.ConclusionsThe very low rates of vaccine engagement among the Algerian population probably explain the slow ascension of the vaccination curve in the country. Vaccine awareness campaigns should be implemented to address the multiple misconceptions and enhance the levels of knowledge and perception both about the disease and the vaccine, by prioritizing target populations and engaging both healthcare workers and the general population.
Predicting Managers’ Mental Health Across Countries Using Country-Level COVID-19 Statistics
Authors: Li Lun , Zhang Stephen X. , Graf-Vlachy Lorenz 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is limited research focusing on publicly available statistics on the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic as predictors of mental health across countries. Managers are at risk of suffering from mental disorders during the pandemic because they face particular hardship.ObjectiveWe aim to predict mental disorder (anxiety and depression) symptoms of managers across countries using country-level COVID-19 statistics.MethodsA two-wave online survey of 406 managers from 26 countries was finished in May and July 2020. We used logistic panel regression models for our main analyses and performed robustness checks using ordinary least squares regressions. In the sample of 406 managers from 26 countries, 26.5% of managers reached the cut-off levels for anxiety (General Anxiety Disorder-7; GAD-7) and 43.5% did so for depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PHQ-9) symptoms.FindingsWe found that cumulative COVID-19 statistics (e.g., cumulative cases, cumulative cases per million, cumulative deaths, and cumulative deaths per million) predicted managers’ anxiety and depression symptoms positively, whereas daily COVID-19 statistics (daily new cases, smoothed daily new cases, daily new deaths, smoothed daily new deaths, daily new cases per million, and smoothed daily new cases per million) predicted anxiety and depression symptoms negatively. In addition, the reproduction rate was a positive predictor, while stringency of governmental lockdown measures was a negative predictor. Individually, we found that the cumulative count of deaths is the best single predictor of both anxiety and depression symptoms.ConclusionsCumulative COVID-19 statistics predicted managers’ anxiety and depression symptoms positively, while non-cumulative daily COVID-19 statistics predicted anxiety and depression symptoms negatively. Cumulative count of deaths is the best single predictor of both anxiety and depression symptoms. Reproduction rate was a positive predictor, while stringency of governmental lockdown measures was a negative predictor.
Maternal Urinary Phthalate Metabolites are Associated with Lipidomic Signatures Among Pregnant Women in Puerto Rico
Authors: Ashrap Pahriya , Aung Max T. , Watkins Deborah J. , Mukherjee Bhramar , Rosario-Pabón Zaira , Vélez-Vega Carmen M. , Alshawabkeh Akram , Cordero José F. , Meeker John D. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundPhthalates have been reported to alter circulating lipid concentrations in animals, and investigation of these associations in humans will provide greater understanding of potential mechanisms for health outcomes.Objectiveto explore associations between phthalate metabolite biomarkers and lipidomic profiles among pregnant women (n = 99) in the Puerto Rico PROTECT cohort.MethodsWe measured 19 urinary phthalate metabolites during 24-28 weeks of pregnancy. Lipidomic profiles were identified from plasma samples by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics. Relationships between phthalates and lipid profiles were estimated using compound-by-compound comparisons in multiple linear regression and dimension reduction techniques. We derived sums for each lipid class and sub-class (saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated) which were then regressed on phthalates. Associations were adjusted for false discovery.ResultsAfter controlling for multiple comparisons, 33 phthalate-lipid associations were identified (q-value<0.05), and diacylglycerol 40:7 and plasmenyl-phosphatidylcholine 35:1 were the most strongly associated with multiple phthalate metabolites. Metabolites of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, dibutyl phthalates, and diisobutyl phthalate were associated with increased ceramides, lysophosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylethanolamines, and triacylglycerols, particularly those containing saturated and monounsaturated fatty acid chains.SignificanceCharacterization of associations between lipidomic markers and phthalates during pregnancy will yield mechanistic insight for maternal and child health outcomes.Impact StatementThis study leverages emerging technology to evaluate lipidome-wide signatures of phthalate exposure during pregnancy. Circulating lipids are critical for biological processes including inflammation, cell-to-cell communication, and metabolism. Therefore, lipid signatures of phthalate exposure provide insight into potential toxicological mechanisms. Characterization of these mechanisms are relevant for informing the etiology of maternal and children’s health outcomes.
Cognitive profile of mild behavioral impairment in Brain Health Registry participants
Authors: Kassam F. , Chen H. , Nosheny R.L. , McGirr A. , Williams T. , Ng Nicole , Camacho Monica , Mackin R.S. , Weiner M.W. , Ismail Z. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractINTRODUCTIONDementia assessment includes cognitive and behavioral testing with informant validation. Conventional testing is resource intensive, with uneven access. Online unsupervised assessments could reduce barriers to risk assessment. We interrogated the relationship between informant-rated behavioral changes and neuropsychological test performance in older adults in the Brain Health Registry.METHODSParticipants completed online unsupervised cognitive tests, and informants completed the Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist via a Study Partner portal. Cognitive performance was evaluated in MBI+/- individuals, as was the association between cognitive scores and MBI symptom severity.RESULTSMean age of the 499 participants was 67, 61% of which were female. MBI+ participants had lower working memory and executive function test scores. Lower cognitive test scores associated with greater MBI burden.DISCUSSIONOur findings support the feasibility of remote, informant-reported behavioral assessment and support its validity by demonstrating a relationship to cognitive test performance using online unsupervised assessments for dementia risk assessment.RESEARCH IN CONTEXTSystematic reviewThe authors searched MEDLINE and Google Scholar for studies linking Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) and cognition in non-demented older adults. Most studies have utilized transformed Neuropsychiatric Inventory scores to assess MBI, and relatively few using the novel MBI-checklist (MBI-C), with the largest study using self-report. Exploration of informant reports of MBI is important due to impaired insight that may accompany neuropsychiatric symptoms.InterpretationOlder adults with online, informant reported MBI had poorer performance in memory and executive function measured using online neuropsychological testing compared to those without MBI. These findings are consistent with the current literature and suggest that the MBI-C may serve as a marker for poorer cognitive performance.Future directionsOur data support the role of online testing of cognition and behavior for risk assessment. This approach to evaluate behavior and cognition can be explored further, to determine if it is a scalable, online approach to detection of neurodegenerative disease.