bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic behavior of coal under true triaxial prestressed by using a Hopkinson bar
Authors: Zhang Shiwei , Wang Wen , Liu Kai , Gong Shuang , Li Donngyin , Li Huamin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDeep mining is faced with severe rock dynamic problems. Coal bears high-strength static load in the deep and is prone to impact under the influence of dynamic load disturbance such as roof breaking. The true triaxial Hopkinson pressure bar system is used to conduct dynamic load impact tests on coal specimens under different triaxial prestressing forces to simulate the bearing characteristics of coal under different engineering conditions. The results show that the dynamic mechanical characteristics of coal are confinement-dependent under the same dynamic load, and the energy transmission of each component are significantly different, which is obviously different from that under static load; Furthermore, the influence range of intermediate principal stress on dynamic characteristics of coal specimen is 6~8 MPa. Based on the failure characteristics, the enhancement of the intermediate principal stress will increase the integrity and the internal damage of a coal specimen after failure; It should be noted that the strain signals obtained in the Y/Z axis direction are mainly the response to the triaxial prestress, and the stress wave of coal specimen is mainly influenced in the impact direction. In underground coal mining, by changing the triaxial prestressed state of coal, the buffering effect of stress wave is improved, and the damage of coal caused by the impact is reduced.
Intensification of the steam stimulation process using bimetallic oxide catalysts of MFe2O4 (M = Cu, Co, Ni) for in-situ upgrading and recovery of heavy oil
Authors: AL-Rubaye Ameer H. , Suwaid Muneer A. , Al-Muntaser Ameen A. , Varfolomeev Mikhail A. , Rakhmatullin Ilfat Z. , Hakimi Mohammed H. , Saeed Shadi A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this study, bimetallic catalysts based on transition metals CuFe2O4, CoFe2O4 and NiFe2O4 are proposed for catalyzing aquathermolysis reaction during steam-based EOR method to improve in-situ heavy oil upgrading. All upgrading experiments were carried out under a nitrogen atmosphere for 24 h in a 300-ml batch Parr reactor at 250 and 300 °C under high pressure 35 and 75 bar, respectively. To evaluate the catalytic performance of the bimetallic catalysts used, comprehensive studies of changes in the physical and chemical properties of the improved oils, including the viscosity, elemental composition and SARA fractions of oils before and after upgrading processes were used. Furthermore, individual SARA fractions were characterized in detail by Gas Chromatography (GC), High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (13C NMR), respectively. The results showed that bimetallic catalysts have high catalytic performance at 300 °C for the upgrading of heavy crude oil in viscosity reduction, increasing the amount of saturates (especially alkanes with low carbon number) as a result of thermal decompositions of high molecular weight compounds like resin and asphaltenes leading to their increasing. Furthermore, the upgrading performance is reflected in the improvement of the H/C ratio, the removal of sulfur and nitrogen through desulfurization and denitrogenation procedures, and the reduction in polyaromatic content, etc. CoFe2O4 gives the best performance. Generally, it can be concluded that, used bimetallic based catalysts can be considered as promising and potential additives improving in-situ upgrading and thermal conversion the heavy oils.
Effect of density dependence on coinfection dynamics: part 2
Authors: Andersson Jonathan , Ghersheen Samia , Kozlov Vladimir , Tkachev Vladimir G. , Wennergren Uno 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper we continue the stability analysis of the model for coinfection with density dependent susceptible population introduced in Andersson et al. (Effect of density dependence on coinfection dynamics.arXiv:2008.09987, 2020). We consider the remaining parameter values left out from Andersson et al. (Effect of density dependence on coinfection dynamics.arXiv:2008.09987, 2020). We look for coexistence equilibrium points, their stability and dependence on the carrying capacityK. Two sets of parameter value are determined, each giving rise to different scenarios for the equilibrium branch parametrized byK. In both scenarios the branch includes coexistence points implying that both coinfection and single infection of both diseases can exist together in a stable state. There are no simple explicit expression for these equilibrium points and we will require a more delicate analysis of these points with a new bifurcation technique adapted to such epidemic related problems. The first scenario is described by the branch of stable equilibrium points which includes a continuum of coexistence points starting at a bifurcation equilibrium point with zero single infection strain #1 and finishing at another bifurcation point with zero single infection strain #2. In the second scenario the branch also includes a section of coexistence equilibrium points with the same type of starting point but the branch stays inside the positive cone after this. The coexistence equilibrium points are stable at the start of the section. It stays stable as long as the product ofKand the rate$${\bar{\gamma }}$$γ¯of coinfection resulting from two single infections is small but, after this it can reach a Hopf bifurcation and periodic orbits will appear.
Amelioration of sintering and multi-frequency dielectric properties of Mg3B2O6: A mechanism study of nickel substitution using DFT calculation
Authors: Peng Rui , Lu Yongcheng , Zhang Qin , Lai Yuanming , Yu Guoliang , Wu Xiaohui , Li Yuanxun , Su Hua , Zhang Huaiwu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWith the support of density functional theory (DFT) calculation, the amelioration of sintering and dielectric properties of the Mg3B2O6 (MBO) ceramic was realized through the substitution of magnesium with nickel. The TE-mode cylindrical cavity method was used to measure the dielectric properties at different frequencies. The thermo-mechanical analysis and simultaneous thermal analysis were used to characterize the chemical and mechanical properties. The phase composition was determined through the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectrum. The microstructure was investigated using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Magnesium substitution with nickel (4 mol%) could ionize the B-O bond of BO3, modify the vibration mode, improve the order degree, densify the microstructure, decrease the intrinsic densification temperature, and ameliorate the dielectric properties of the MBO ceramics. The maximum values were achieved for the ceramics with 4 mol% nickel and sintered at 1175 °C, that is, 97.2% for relative density, 72,600 GHz (10 GHz), 75,600 GHz (11.4 GHz), and 92,200 GHz (15 GHz) for Q × f, 7.1 (10 GHz), 7.01 (11.4 GHz), and 6.91 (15 GHz) for εr, and −56.3 ppm/°C for τf.
Comparative analysis of box-covering algorithms for fractal networks
Authors: Kovács Péter Tamás , Nagy Marcell , Molontay Roland 
Published: September 2021

AbstractResearch on fractal networks is a dynamically growing field of network science. A central issue is to analyze the fractality with the so-called box-covering method. As this problem is known to be NP-hard, a plethora of approximating algorithms have been proposed throughout the years. This study aims to establish a unified framework for comparing approximating box-covering algorithms by collecting, implementing, and evaluating these methods in various aspects including running time and approximation ability. This work might also serve as a reference for both researchers and practitioners, allowing fast selection from a rich collection of box-covering algorithms with a publicly available codebase.
Electrically conductive polymer composite containing hybrid graphene nanoplatelets and carbon nanotubes: synergistic effect and tunable conductivity anisotropy
Authors: Luo Xiaoling , Yang Guanda , Schubert Dirk W. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPristine carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and functionalized carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs) were introduced into conductive poly(methyl methacrylate)/graphene nanoplatelet (PMMA/GNP) composites to achieve a synergistic effect in the enhancement of the conductivity and the reduction in the percolation threshold by forming a 3-Dimensional(3-D) hybrid structure. Both the in-plane and perpendicular electrical properties were investigated. The synergies of hybrid fillers in the in-plane direction were more dependent on the total filler loading, while those in the perpendicular direction were significantly influenced by the GNP/CNT or GNP/f-CNT ratios. Typically, a schematic diagram of the evolution of the 3-D conductive pathways of PMMA/GNP/f-CNT composite at different GNP/f-CNT ratios was presented to explain this phenomenon. Moreover, tunable conductivity anisotropy (defined as the ratio of in-plane conductivity to perpendicular conductivity) ranging from 0.01 to 1000 was achieved, simply by constructing different conductive structures at various filler loadings or ratios in composites.
Graphical abstract
The synergistic effect of GNPs and f-CNTs varies with the microstructural conductive network evolution at different filler ratios.
Brain metastasis from prostate cancer: A review of the literature with an illustrative case
Authors: Al-Salihi Mohammed Maan , Al-Jebur Maryam Sabah , Lozada-Martinez Ivan David , Rahman Moshiur , Rahman Sabrina 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT

Introduction and importance:
Brain metastasis of prostatic cancer is highly a rare condition. Its intracranial metastatic process and presentation are poorly understood and limited to case reports, making it challenging to detect and diagnose. We aim to highlight the rare case, brain metastasis of prostate cancer, and review the literature regarding the progress and therapies of prostatic cancer in the current era. The case of a prostate adenocarcinoma patient who acquired brain metastasis was outlined. In addition, we review the literature to discuss the main aspects of brain metastasis in prostate cancer.

Case presentation:
Herein, the patient was a 62-year-old male with metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma into the brain, which suffered from progressive language difficulties, mixed dysphasia, and right hemiparesis.

Clinical discussion:
Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a left frontoparietal mass, confirmed with an elevated PSA level. The group was resected, and after that, the patient was discharged with noticeable language and neurological improvement. Upon follow-up, after six months, a new asymptomatic left temporal lesion was observed and successfully treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This case confirms that prostatic adenocarcinoma's possibility to spread into the brain.

Conclusion:
This report reviews the literature about prostate cancer brain metastasis, highlighting that although rare, it does occur and shouldn't be neglected, especially with the current progress in prostatic cancer therapies, which prolongs the patient's survival time, so those brain metastases out of prostatic cancer are expected to be a frequent clinical scenario. Therefore, follow-up of prostatic cancer male patients of 50 years old or more is necessary.

Highlights

Key message: The milestone of treating the cerebral metastasis of prostate cancer is early detection, early management, and follow-up.
Exploring the Use of Exchange Transfusion in the Surgical Management of Priapism in Sickle Cell Disease: A Population-Based Analysis
Authors: Ha Albert S , Wallace Brendan K , Miles Caleb , Raup Valary , Punjani Nahid , Badalato Gina M , Alukal Joseph P 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONPriapism is a urologic emergency that may require surgical intervention in cases refractory to supportive care. Exchange transfusion (ET) has been previously used to manage sickle cell disease (SCD), including in priapism; however, its utilization in the context of surgical intervention has not been well-established.AimTo explore the utilization of ET, as well as other patient and hospital-level factors, associated with surgical intervention for SCD-induced priapismMethodsUsing the National Inpatient Sample (2010–2015), males diagnosed with SCD and priapism were stratified by need for surgical intervention. Survey-weighted regression models were used to analyze the association of ET to surgical intervention. Furthermore, negative binomial regression and generalized linear models with logarithmic transformation were used to compare ET vs surgery to length of hospital stay (LOS) and total hospital charges, respectively.Main Outcome Measures: Predictors of surgical intervention among patients with SCD-related priapismRESULTSA weighted total of 8,087 hospitalizations were identified, with 1,782 (22%) receiving surgical intervention for priapism, 484 undergoing ET (6.0%), and 149 (1.8%) receiving combined therapy of both ET and surgery. On multivariable regression, pre-existing Elixhauser comorbidities (e.g. ≥2 Elixhauser: OR: 2.20; P &lt; 0.001), other forms of insurance (OR: 2.12; P &lt; 0.001), and ET (OR: 1.99; P = 0.009) had increased odds of undergoing surgical intervention. In contrast, Black race (OR: 0.45; P &lt; 0.001) and other co-existing SCD complications (e.g. infectious complications OR: 0.52; P &lt; 0.001) reduced such odds. Compared to supportive care alone, patients undergoing ET (adjusted IRR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.10–1.83; P = 0.007) or combined therapy (adjusted IRR: 1.42; 95% CI: 111–1.82; P &lt; 0.001) had a longer LOS vs. surgery alone (adjusted IRR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.74–0.97; P = 0.017). Patients receiving ET (adjusted Ratio: 2.39; 95% CI: 1.52–3.76; P &lt; 0.001) or combined therapy (adjusted Ratio: 4.42; 95% CI: 1.67–11.71; P = 0.003) had higher ratio of mean hospital charges compared with surgery alone (adjusted Ratio: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.69–1.72; P = 0.710).CONCLUSIONSNumerous factors were associated with the need for surgical intervention, including the use of ET. Those receiving ET, as well as those with combined therapy, had a longer LOS and increased total hospital charges.
Continuous calibration of a digital twin: Comparison of particle filter and Bayesian calibration approaches
Authors: Ward Rebecca , Choudhary Ruchi , Gregory Alastair , Jans-Singh Melanie , Girolami Mark 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Assimilation of continuously streamed monitored data is an essential component of a digital twin; the assimilated data are used to ensure the digital twin represents the monitored system as accurately as possible. One way this is achieved is by calibration of simulation models, whether data-derived or physics-based, or a combination of both. Traditional manual calibration is not possible in this context; hence, new methods are required for continuous calibration. In this paper, a particle filter methodology for continuous calibration of the physics-based model element of a digital twin is presented and applied to an example of an underground farm. The methodology is applied to a synthetic problem with known calibration parameter values prior to being used in conjunction with monitored data. The proposed methodology is compared against static and sequential Bayesian calibration approaches and compares favourably in terms of determination of the distribution of parameter values and analysis run times, both essential requirements. The methodology is shown to be potentially useful as a means to ensure continuing model fidelity.
Comparison of the key modifiable factors in the first 1000 days predicting subsequent overweight and obesity in pre-school children in Tehran: a case–control study
Authors: Farzaneh Mardali , Fatemeh-Sadat Hosseini-Baharanchi , Afsaneh Dehnad , Farzad Shidfar , Saeed Mohammadi , Mihnea-Alexandru Găman 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe identification of paediatric obesity predictors in the early stages of life is warranted, as it can influence the development of effective strategies to prevent metabolic disorders. In this case–control study, we assessed nine risk factors for paediatric obesity, namely a birth weight > 4000 g, an exclusive breast-feeding period < 4 months, the introduction of solid food at < 4 months, maternal overweight or obesity before pregnancy, maternal smoking during pregnancy, the presence of gestational diabetes, paternal overweight and obesity and paternal smoking. In order to identify the most relevant predictors of paediatric obesity, we employed a multiple logistic regression model with R2 Cox Snell by adjusting confounders. In the randomly selected 509 preschool children from Tehran, children exposed to gestational diabetes had the maximum predicted probability of obesity (4·36 (1·94, 9·80) %) among the analysed risk factors %. The introduction of solid food at < 4 months of age increased the risk of obesity by 2·98 (1·77, 4·97 %). The OR of childhood obesity was associated with maternal overweight and obesity (2·72(1·60–4·60) %), maternal smoking (2·21 (1·18, 4·11) %) and excessive gestational weight gain (1·89 (1·23, 2·91) %). Paternal smoking and high birth weight increased the risk of paediatrics obesity > 1·8 times (1·15–2·94) and > 1·5 times (1·015–2·43), respectively. There was no association between the paternal BMI, the exclusive breast-feeding time and the risk of paediatric obesity. Among early risk factors, probably gestational diabetes can be considered as the most important predictor for the risk of paediatric obesity.
Management of Aries and Aruana Guinea grass cultivars under rotational stocking based on canopy light interception
Authors: Campos F. P. , Sarmento P. , Mattos W. T. , Gerdes L. , Carnevalli R. A. , Lima C. G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEfforts were made to obtain forage cultivars with high production capacity and quality and to determine the ideal time to start animal grazing, respecting the morphological characteristics of the grasses. For this purpose, the nutritional value, digestibility and characteristics of the forage canopy of Aries and Aruana (Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) or Panicum maximum) cultivars kept under rotational stocking with sheep were evaluated and the management height was determined based on 95% light interception (LI). The experiment was evaluated with repeated measures over time (grazing cycles by season, in 2 years) with a treatment factor (grass cultivar) in a completely randomized block design with eight replicates, using 800 m2 paddocks. The height of the forage canopy before grazing (pre-grazing) determined by 95% LI stabilized around 29 cm. The highest proportion of Aruana leaf blades was observed in winter. Aries grass presented similar leaf blade percentages in summer, autumn and spring. Similar forage accumulation (FA) was observed for both cultivars, decreasing in spring, autumn and winter. Higher crude protein and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) were seen in Aries grass, while Aruana grass presented higher neutral and acid detergent fibre and cellulose and lower IVDMD. The nutritional quality of the grasses was maintained throughout the year. The height of the forage canopy of Aries and Aruana recommended for entry into the paddock is 29 cm to maintain nutritional quality. The successful management strategy adopted for grasses combined with nitrogen fertilization provided a greater forage mass quality.
Early surgical intervention for nasal deformity in Binder's syndrome
Authors: Baser B , Singh P , Surana P , Roy P K , Chaubey P 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess benefits of surgical intervention at an early age and focus on surgical techniques using exclusively autologous cartilage grafts.MethodsFive children aged 8–15 years, treated between March 2016 and 2020, underwent augmentation rhinoplasty using autologous cartilage, with post-operative follow up ranging from 1.5 to 2 years. Photographs and Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation questionnaire scores were examined.ResultsAugmentation was achieved without complications. No restricted skin or mucosal pockets were encountered. Patients showed improved confidence and perspective with regard to self-image, and were less socially self-conscious. There was significant improvement in all Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation questionnaire scores.ConclusionEarly surgery allows augmentation with easier release of skin and mucosal pockets, and without the tension otherwise encountered if primary augmentation is performed at a later age. It offers a chance to improve confidence and self-perception in a growing child conscious about their appearance, which may make them socially withdrawn. Autologous cartilage gives better results than bone grafts, and is comparable with silicone but without its complications.
The origins of music in (musi)language
Authors: Leivada Evelina 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The view of music as a byproduct of other cognitive functions has been deemed incomplete or incorrect. Revisiting the six lines of evidence that support this conclusion, it is argued that it is unclear how the hypothesis that music has its origins in (musi)language is discarded. Two additional promising research lines that can support or discard the byproduct hypothesis are presented.
The evolutionary benefit of less-credible affective musical signals for emotion induction during storytelling
Authors: Trevor Caitlyn , Frühholz Sascha 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The credible signaling theory underexplains the evolutionary added value of less-credible affective musical signals compared to vocal signals. The theory might be extended to account for the motivation for, and consequences of, culturally decontextualizing a biologically contextualized signal. Musical signals are twofold, communicating “emotional fiction” alongside biological meaning, and could have filled an adaptive need for affect induction during storytelling.
Where they sing solo: Accounting for cross-cultural variation in collective music-making in theories of music evolution
Authors: Patel Aniruddh D. , von Rueden Chris 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCollective, synchronous music-making is far from ubiquitous across traditional, small-scale societies. We describe societies that lack collective music and offer hypotheses to help explain this cultural variation. Without identifying the factors that explain variation in collective music-making across these societies, theories of music evolution based on social bonding (Savage et al.) or coalition signaling (Mehr et al.) remain incomplete.
Knowledge songs as an evolutionary adaptation to facilitate information transmission through music
Authors: Levitin Daniel J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractI propose an adjunct to the two models presented in the target articles, a function of music that is ubiquitous and would have solved a clear adaptive problem, that of transmitting important survival information among pre-literate humans. This class ofknowledge songsuniquely preserved cultural, botanical, medical, safety, and practical information that increased the adaptive fitness of societies.
Beyond “consistent with” adaptation: Is there a robust test for music adaptation?
Authors: Tichko Parker , Bird Kevin A. , Kohn Gregory 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In their article, Mehr et al. conclude that the design features of music are consistent with adaptations for credible signaling. Although appealing to design may seem like a plausible basis for identifying adaptations, probing adaptive theories of music must be done at the genomic level and will require a functional understanding of the genomic, phenotypic, and fitness properties of music.