bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poorer first aid after burn is associated with remoteness in Australia: Where to from here?
Authors: Gong Jennifer , Tracy Lincoln M. , Edgar Dale W. , Wood Fiona M. , Singer Yvonne , Gabbe Belinda J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveEarly intervention with appropriate first aid following burn injury improves clinical outcomes. Previous evidence suggests geographic remoteness may be a barrier to receiving appropriate burns first aid. This study investigated the prevalence of gold standard first aid in patients managed in Australian burn services and whether geographic remoteness was associated with receiving gold standard first aid.DesignRegistry‐based cohort study.SettingBinational clinical quality registry.ParticipantsBurn‐injured patients admitted to a specialist Australian burn service.Main outcome measuresReceiving gold standard first aid following a burn injury.ResultsApproximately two‐thirds of patients received gold standard first aid. Patients whose burns were sustained in very remote regions had a greater risk of receiving no first aid, compared to gold standard first aid, relative to patients who sustained their burn injuries in major cities.ConclusionsNearly two‐thirds of patients received gold standard burns first aid following injury. However, patients who were injured in the most remote regions of Australia were at an increased risk of not receiving gold standard first aid treatment within 3 hours of injury. Further examination of factors contributing to poorer first aid standards in remote areas is required.
Effects of employing primary care doctors in hospital to improve the quality of care and health outcomes of rural patients: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Sutarsa I Nyoman , Kasim Rosny , Slimings Claudia , Bain‐Donohue Suzanne , Barnard Amanda 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo describe effects of employing primary care doctors in hospital care and their roles in improving the quality of care and health outcomes of rural and remote patients.DesignA systematic scoping review.SettingPeer‐reviewed publications were sourced from 3 online journal databases (PUBMED, SCOPUS and Web of Science).ParticipantsAll study designs from peer‐reviewed journals that discussed effects of employing primary care doctors in hospital care Interventions: employing primary care doctors in hospital care.Main outcome measuresPositive and negative consequences of employing primary care doctors in hospital care, and the roles of primary care doctors in improving the quality of care and health outcomes.ResultsA total of 12 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Positive outcomes included improved access to specialised treatment, improved continuity of care, reduced waiting list and admission rates, improved skills, competence and confidence of primary care doctors, and increased satisfaction from both health providers and patients/families. Negative consequences reported included increased prescriptions and poorly documented history and physical examinations.ConclusionEmploying primary care doctors in hospital care can fill the gaps in the delivery of acute care, emergency medicine and maternity care. Primary care doctors bring advanced clinical skills and a patient‐centred approach to the hospital care. They also improve the quality of referrals leading to freed‐up clinical capacity of tertiary hospitals to treat more serious conditions. The provision of acute or emergency care and secondary care in rural and remote areas should be directed towards patient‐oriented not provider‐oriented policies.
Toward an Anthropology of “Sustainable Network‐Society”
Authors: Singh Prashant Kumar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWhat is new in the literature of the social sciences and humanities has been the proliferation of the word “network” to describe contemporary society. Society nowadays is being referred to as a network of relations. Although these descriptions, especially in anthropology, try to reconfigure the modernist distinction between subjects and objects, most of them share the postmodernist aversion to granting any grand narrative or ideal to the network society. The aim of this paper is to give an anthropological perspective on contemporary network theories and to add a new quality of verticality in the architecture of network societies. The paper argues that any worldview that tries to define the contours of society and individuals living in it must provide for a higher ideal or a grand narrative to enable its inhabitants their gradual evolution and progression. The sustainability of any ideology or worldview, this paper argues, comes from this fact of ensuring a continuous and gradual movement to higher dimensions of life.
Editorial: 5‐ASA in IBD patients on biologics—‘stop or continue’?
Authors: Veyrard Pauline , Nancey Stéphane , Roblin Xavier 
Published: August 2021

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Bernstein et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16518 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16554
Editorial: aspirin and NSAID for chemoprevention of hepatocellular carcinoma—ready for their use?
Authors: Da Fonseca Leonardo Gomes , Forner Alejandro 
Published: August 2021

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Tan et al and Danta et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16515 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16568
Letter: the diagnostic and prognostic significance of liver histology in alcoholic hepatitis—authors' reply
Authors: Forrest Ewan , Goldin Robert 
Published: August 2021

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Forrest et al and Vaz et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16157 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16539
Pulmonary manifestations of Erdheim–Chester disease: clinical characteristics, outcomes and comparison with Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Wang Ji‐nuo , Wang Feng‐dan , Sun Jian , Liang Zhi‐yong , Li Jian , Zhou Dao‐bin , Tian Xinlun , Cao Xin‐xin 
Published: August 2021

SummaryErdheim–Chester disease (ECD) is a rare form of non‐Langerhans cell histiocytosis that typically affects many organs, including the lung and pleura. However, there are few studies concerning pulmonary involvement in ECD patients, as well as the difference of pulmonary involvement between ECD and Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). We performed a retrospective study of 54 ECD patients, and compared the pulmonary manifestations with those of adult LCH patients in our centre. The median age of diagnosis of the 54 ECD patients was 48 years (range 9–66 years). Chest computed tomography (CT) scans revealed lung involvement in 49 (91%) patients and pleural involvement in 34 (63%). Thirty‐three (61%) patients had interstitial lung disease (ILD) with varying degrees of interlobular septal thickening, micronodules, and ground‐glass opacities. ECD and LCH patients with pulmonary involvement showed significant differences in smoking status (P < 0·001), respiratory symptoms (P = 0·001) such as cough and pneumothorax (P < 0·001), and radiological findings, including cysts (P < 0·001), opacities (P < 0·001), and pleural thickening (P < 0·001). With a median follow‐up duration of 24 months (range, 1–84 months), the estimated three‐year overall survival (OS) of this entire ECD cohort was 90·2%. Patients with ILD tended to have worse progression‐free survival (PFS) than those with no ILD (P = 0·29).
Structural and binding studies of cyclin‐dependent kinase 2 with NU6140 inhibitor
Authors: Talapati Sumalatha Rani , Goyal Megha , Nataraj Vijayashankar , Pothuganti Manoj , R Sreevidya M. , Gore Suraj , Ramachandra Murali , Antony Thomas , More Sunil S. , Rao Narasimha K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCyclin‐dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) is an established target protein for therapeutic intervention in various diseases, including cancer. Reported inhibitors of CDK2 target the ATP‐binding pocket to inhibit the kinase activity. Many small molecule CDK2 inhibitors have been discovered, and their crystal structure with CDK2 or CDK2–cyclin A complex has been published. NU6140 is a CDK2 inhibitor with moderate potency and selectivity. Herein, we report the cocrystal structure determination of NU6140 in complex with CDK2 and confirmation of the binding using various biophysical methods. Our data show that NU6140 binds to CDK2 with a Kd of 800 nM as determined by SPR and stabilizes the protein against thermal denaturation (ΔTm—5°C). The cocrystal structure determined in our study shows that NU6140 binds in the ATP‐binding pocket as expected for this class of compounds and interacts with Leu83 and Glu81 with regular hydrogen bonds and with Asp145 via water‐mediated H‐bond. Based on these data, we propose structural modifications of NU6140 to introduce new interactions with CDK2 that can improve its potency while retaining the selectivity.
A Benchmark Dataset for Repetitive Pattern Recognition on Textured 3D Surfaces
Authors: Lengauer Stefan , Sipiran Ivan , Preiner Reinhold , Schreck Tobias , Bustos Benjamin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn digital archaeology, a large research area is concerned with the computer‐aided analysis of 3D captured ancient pottery objects. A key aspect thereby is the analysis of motifs and patterns that were painted on these objects' surfaces. In particular, the automatic identification and segmentation of repetitive patterns is an important task serving different applications such as documentation, analysis and retrieval. Such patterns typically contain distinctive geometric features and often appear in repetitive ornaments or friezes, thus exhibiting a significant amount of symmetry and structure. At the same time, they can occur at varying sizes, orientations and irregular placements, posing a particular challenge for the detection of similarities. A key prerequisite to develop and evaluate new detection approaches for such repetitive patterns is the availability of an expressive dataset of 3D models, defining ground truth sets of similar patterns occurring on their surfaces. Unfortunately, such a dataset has not been available so far for this particular problem. We present an annotated dataset of 82 different 3D models of painted ancient Peruvian vessels, exhibiting different levels of repetitiveness in their surface patterns. To serve the evaluation of detection techniques of similar patterns, our dataset was labeled by archaeologists who identified clearly definable pattern classes. Those given, we manually annotated their respective occurrences on the mesh surfaces. Along with the data, we introduce an evaluation benchmark that can rank different recognition techniques for repetitive patterns based on the mean average precision of correctly segmented 3D mesh faces. An evaluation of different incremental sampling‐based detection approaches, as well as a domain specific technique, demonstrates the applicability of our benchmark. With this benchmark we especially want to address the geometry processing community, and expect it will induce novel approaches for pattern analysis based on geometric reasoning like 2D shape and symmetry analysis. This can enable novel research approaches in the Digital Humanities and related fields, based on digitized 3D Cultural Heritage artifacts. Alongside the source code for our evaluation scripts we provide our annotation tools for the public to extend the benchmark and further increase its variety.
Blending of hyperbolic closed curves
Authors: Ikemakhen A. , Ahanchaou T. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn recent years, game developers are interested in developing games in the hyperbolic space. Shape blending is one of the fundamental techniques to produce animation and videos games. This paper presents two algorithms for blending between two closed curves in the hyperbolic plane in a manner that guarantees that the intermediate curves are closed. We deal with hyperbolic discrete curves on Poincaré disc which is a famous model of the hyperbolic plane. We use the linear interpolation approach of the geometric invariants of hyperbolic polygons namely hyperbolic side lengths, exterior angles and geodesic discrete curvature. We formulate the closing condition of a hyperbolic polygon in terms of its geodesic side lengths and exterior angles. This is to be able to generate closed intermediate curves. Finally, some experimental results are given to illustrate that the proposed methods generate aesthetic blending of closed hyperbolic curves.
Simpler Quad Layouts using Relaxed Singularities
Authors: Lyon M. , Campen M. , Kobbelt L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA common approach to automatic quad layout generation on surfaces is to, in a first stage, decide on the positioning of irregular layout vertices, followed by finding sensible layout edges connecting these vertices and partitioning the surface into quadrilateral patches in a second stage. While this two‐step approach reduces the problem's complexity, this separation also limits the result quality. In the worst case, the set of layout vertices fixed in the first stage without consideration of the second may not even permit a valid quad layout. We propose an algorithm for the creation of quad layouts in which the initial layout vertices can be adjusted in the second stage. Whenever beneficial for layout quality or even validity, these vertices may be moved within a prescribed radius or even be removed. Our algorithm is based on a robust quantization strategy, turning a continuous T‐mesh structure into a discrete layout. We show the effectiveness of our algorithm on a variety of inputs.
‘It’s like we’re locked in a box’: Girls’ and mothers’ experiences of the police and legal system following child sexual abuse
Authors: Butterby Kate , Hackett Simon 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article focuses on girls’ and mothers’ experiences of police and criminal justice system responses and the impact of investigation processes following reporting of child sexual abuse. Participants spoke of a lack of timely therapeutic provision and the subsequent role of female caregivers in providing support. Problems with criminal justice processes and the subsequent impact on families’ wider lives were also discussed. Findings suggest that criminal justice processes need to be better attuned to these micro level impacts and should show more sensitivity to the overall experience of children in the aftermath of sexual abuse. Implications for practice are discussed.
Effect of customized healing abutments on the peri‐implant linear and volumetric tissue changes at maxillary immediate implant sites: A 1‐year prospective randomized clinical trial
Authors: Fernandes Danilo , Nunes Sílvia , López‐Castro Gonzalo , Marques Tiago , Montero Javier , Borges Tiago 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundImmediate implant placement (IIP) associated with the use of bone substitutes and collagen matrices (CM) seems to reduce the amount of resorption at peri‐implant areas. Recently, customized healing abutments (CA) appeared as another solution in order to seal the socket and preserve the original soft tissue contour.PurposeTo evaluate peri‐implant tissues dimensional changes after using customized healing abutments compared with the use of xenogeneic collagen matrices as socket sealing options in flapless maxillary immediate implant placement.Material and methodsThe present study was designed as a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Patients were allocated into two groups depending on the socket sealing option: in the CM group a collagen matrix was used and in the CA group a customized abutment. Digital impressions were taken prior to extraction, 1, 4, and 12 months after implant insertion and the digital files allowed to evaluate linear buccal changes (MBC) and the buccal volumetric variation (BVv) between the different time points at peri‐implant tissue areas. Additionally, mucosa variation was computed assessing the papilla presence and the midfacial mucosa height. Statistical significance was set at 0.05.ResultsTwenty‐eight patients were observed during a 12‐month period. Significant differences between mean values of BVv at the first month were observed at the CM and CA group (−9.75 ± 6.65% and −4.76 ± 5.29%, respectively) (p = 0.043). At the 1‐year follow‐up, no significant differences were found in terms of BVv between the two groups, although the thin bone phenotype (≤1 mm) significantly influenced the volumetric variations that occurred in each group. No significant differences were noticed in midfacial mucosa and papillae alteration between groups, after 1 year of treatment.ConclusionBoth treatment options are predictable solutions for socket sealing in IIP, although a higher volumetric variation can be expected in the presence of thin bone phenotypes.
City of Living‐Death: Urban Precarity and Social Transformation in an Egyptian Cemetery
Authors: Ghazali Marwa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn Cairo, tombs provide shelter to generations of displaced Egyptians who invest energy and resources toward transforming cemeteries into societies. Drawing on ethnographic research carried out with informal tomb residents between 2008–2013, this article explores entanglements of life and death through three women’s case studies. Through an examination of what residents call “living‐death,” I show how experiences of precarity make dying an integral part of living. Although scholars have discussed communities of “living dead,” my research in a cemetery illustrates this concept in an almost literal way, and demonstrates that women’s bodies, homes, livelihoods, and relationships are embedded in processes of death, dying, and decay. My analysis shows that negotiations and contestations over various linkages between life and death—including health, heritage, and housing—are central to experiences of precarity. I engage the nuanced ways these tensions play out and highlight the creative strategies women have cultivated to survive in a space of death.
Tilted versus axial implant distribution in the posterior edentulous maxilla: A CBCT analysis
Authors: Hamilton Adam , Jamjoom Faris Z. , Alnasser Muhsen , Starr Jacqueline R. , Friedland Bernard , Gallucci German O. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to determine whether distally angulating an implant is a successful strategy to avoid the maxillary sinus and the need for bone augmentation, while increasing the anterior‐posterior (A‐P) implant distribution in the edentulous maxilla.Materials and MethodsIn 115 patients with edentulous maxillae, virtual implant planning was performed utilizing cone‐beam computer tomographs. Axial (8 mm length) and tilted (12 mm length) dental implants with 30‐degree and 45‐degree angulation were virtually positioned to avoid entering the maxillary sinus, while maximizing A‐P distribution. Measurements were made between the tilted and axial implants to assess the change in A‐P distribution of implants at the implant and abutment levels.ResultsForty‐seven sites (20.4%) were not able to have either treatment modality with insufficient bone for implant placement. Axial implants were placed more distally than 45‐degree and 30‐degree tilted implants in 24% and 42% of sites, respectively. The average change in A‐P spread measured at the implant level, for 30‐ and 45‐degree tilted implants was −0.25 mm (95% CI −0.76, 0.26) and 1.9 mm (95% CI 1.4, 2.3), respectively. When measured from the center of each multi‐unit abutment the average increase in A‐P distances for tilted implants appears larger in the 30‐degree and 45‐degree groups by 0.97 mm and 1.74 mm, respectively compared to measurements at the implant level.ConclusionsAngulating 12 mm implants provides a limited increase in A‐P distribution of implants in edentulous rehabilitation in most situations. In certain patients, the use of 8mm axial implants may provide a greater A‐P spread.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of polypharmacy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients: A cross‐sectional study from Crete, Greece
Authors: Ierodiakonou Despo , Theodorou Erotokritos , Sifaki‐Pistolla Dimitra , Bouloukaki Izolde , Antonopoulou Maria , Poulorinakis Ioannis , Tsakountakis Nikolaos , Voltiraki Filothei , Chliveros Konstantinos , Tsiligianni Ioanna 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectivesPolypharmacy and multimorbidity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are highly prevalent, with potential associations with worse COPD outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical characteristics and outcomes of polypharmacy, investigate the relationship of polypharmacy with health status and exacerbations and assess the prevalence of inappropriate medication (PIM), risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and drug‐to‐drug interactions in COPD patients.MethodsA total of 245 COPD patients were enrolled from primary care in Crete, Greece. Patients completed a questionnaire and the COPD Assessment Test (CAT). Multimorbidity was defined as having two or more comorbidities and polypharmacy was defined as taking five or more drugs per day.ResultsMost of COPD patients (77.0%) and the majority (83.6%) of elderly (≥65 years) had multimorbidity, while polypharmacy was evident in 55.2% of all patients and 62.4% in elderly. After adjustments for age, gender and pack‐years, polypharmacy was associated with CAT ≥ 10, multimorbidity, several cardiometabolic diseases, cancer and depression–anxiety and prostate disorders (all p values > 0.05). PIMs were found in 9.6% of subjects aged ≥65 years and were mainly mental health medication. Due to coadministration of medications, 22.3% of the population were at cumulative risk for falls, 17% for constipation and 12.8% for cardiovascular events. Finally, 15 pairs of drug‐to‐drug interactions were identified in 11.5% of patients.ConclusionOur data suggest that polypharmacy is highly prevalent and associated with worse health status and prescription risks in COPD patients. These findings potentially introduce an additional challenge on effective management of these patients.
The sooner, the better: The economic impact of non‐pharmaceutical interventions during the early stage of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Demirgüç‐Kunt Asli , Lokshin Michael , Torre Iván 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper estimates the economic impact of the non‐pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) implemented by countries in Europe and Central Asia during the initial stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic. The analysis relies on daily electricity consumption, nitrogen dioxide emission and mobility records to trace the economic disruptions caused by the pandemic and calibrate these measures to estimate the magnitude of the economic impact. To address the potential endogeneity in the introduction of NPIs, we instrument their stringency by the extent of a country's social ties to China. The results suggest that the NPIs led to a decline of about 10% in economic activity across the region. On average, countries that implemented non‐pharmaceutical interventions in the early stages of the pandemic appear to have better short‐term economic outcomes and lower cumulative mortality, compared with countries that imposed non‐pharmaceutical interventions during the later stages of the pandemic. Moreover, there is evidence that COVID‐19 mortality at the peak of the local outbreak has been lower in countries that acted earlier. In this sense, the results suggest that the sooner non‐pharmaceutical interventions are implemented, the better are the economic and health outcomes.