bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polluted Waters Use in the Urban Agriculture and Its Impact on the Quality of the Grown Vegetables
Authors: Ilunga Mpanga Fabien , Shengo Lutandula Michel 
Published: November 2021

Urban agriculture has become a common practice in major urban agglomerations, particularly in the mining region of Katanga, in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). However, this agriculture is based on the production of vegetables grown on the soil contaminated by industrial water and domestic wastewater, wherein one finds heavy metals and pathogenic microbes capable of endangering the consumer’s health. This work has been carried out in view of contributing to the consumer’s health protection and endeavours at establishing, based on physicochemical and mineral analyses of water samples, the soil used in the urban agriculture and edible plants, a link between the use of contaminated waters in the urban agriculture, the build-up of heavy metals in the soil and the possible contamination by heavy metals of vegetables grown (amaranths and broccolis) in the Kasungami district and consumed by the population living in the City of Lubumbashi (DRC). The results given by the analyses of water, soils and vegetable samples revealed that, apart from cobalt, other heavy metals were present in water used in the urban agriculture to concentrations below quality standards. As for the soil, it contained heavy metals to concentration reputed phytotoxic. However, only the broccolis were contaminated with lead, contrarily to amaranths in which heavy metals were present to concentrations below quality standards. These findings enabled concluding that urban agriculture of vegetables encountered in the large agglomerations of the DRC could endanger the consumers’ health and measures need to be taken in view of preventing heavy metal from entering the food chain.
Trends in changing history teaching in Hungary (1990–2020)
Authors: Fischer-Dárdai Ágnes , Kaposi József 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Our study seeks to outline the defining trends and phenomena of Hungarian public education and teacher training – with a focus on Hungarian history teaching – between 1990 and 2020. The authors were, on various levels and to various degrees, participants, and at times influential actors, in the processes presented in this study. From this, and as a consequence of their convictions, they advocate the aspect of continuity in the interest of maintaining Hungarian traditions, as well as the perspectives of renewal in the interest of implementing new Hungarian and foreign thinking, approaches and innovations.
This mosaic-like overview seeks to outline the main pillars of the context of Hungarian history teaching with the use of fundamental professional literature from the period on pedagogy and history didactics. The focus of the study is history teaching, and for a better understanding of its processes we highlight some important policy decisions and documents. We wish to show the education policy, pedagogical and educational-methodological environment in which the journal articles that provide the backbone of the volume were formulated.
Characteristics of the parameters of the innate and acquired immune response during the period of adaptation to training at a Medical University
Authors: Sizyakina L. P. , Andreeva I. I. , Urazmambetov R. T. , Chebotov S. A. 
Published: November 2021

Adaptation for new social conditions is an inevitable factor which the first-year students undergo when entering a medical school. Immune system as a part of entire structural and functional homeostatic complex, is involved into the adaptive reactions, thus pointing to its participation in fitting the new lifestyle among first-year students. One should note some peculiarities of immune reactions which depend on the organization pattern of educational process: despite common features of studies, the training environment for beginners at the military training center (VTC) is different from those for students at the medical and preventive faculty (LPF). The purpose of our study was to compare quantitative and functional parameters of immune system in the first-year students at a medical university, depending on distinct features of educational arrangement.The study included 36 first-year students of the Medical University divided into two groups, comparable for age, sex, and physical condition. The first group included 18 first-year VUTS students, whereas the second group consisted of 18 LPF pupils. Studies of immunological parameters in peripheral blood were carried out three months after the training was started. We have assessed counts and functional potential of T cells, their subpopulation profile, B lymphocyte counts, and serum level of IgA, IgM and IgG, total numbers of natural killer cells and proportion of cytolytically active forms, oxygen-producing activity of neutrophils, and the numbers of peripheral monocytes expressing type 2,4 Toll-like receptors (TLR). Comparison of the adaptive immune response parameters did not reveal any gross differences between the groups. At the same time, evaluation of markers reflecting functional potential of innate immunity cells revealed distinct signs of immune reactions, depending on the faculty of the first-year students. It has been shown that the proportion of functionally active NK-cells containing lytic granzyme B granules was lower in the EUTC students. Also, military medical students have a statistically significantly lower relative and absolute number of peripheral blood monocytes expressing surface TLR 4. The detected signs of suppressed functional potential of macrophages and natural killer cells in the first-year OUV students represent the possibly alarming factor of impaired adaptive reserves of immune system. The data obtained are of interest for development of immune rehabilitation programs to prevent clinical manifestations of immune dysfunction.
Surgical treatment of patients with metastatic bone lesions during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bukharov A. V. , Derzhavin V. A. , Yadrina A. V. , Erin D. A. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction. In March 2020, the World Health Organization announced the COVID-19 as a pandemic. The emergence and spread of the new infection hit most healthcare systems globally. The pandemic caused temporary restrictions for elective medical care, which affected many patients at risk, including cancer patients, since some hospitals were closed for quarantine. Deferred pharmacotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery in these individuals might have resulted in disease progression and even death. In this situation, healthcare professionals had to quickly adjust the manage ment strategy for cancer patients and identify an optimal approach to therapy with the lack of accurate data.Objective – to assess the risk of COVID-19 in patients with metastatic bone lesions during hospitalization for elective surgery and 14 days after their discharge from hospital.Materials and methods. In this article, we describe treatment of 182 patients with metastatic bone lesions treated in the Department of Surgical Treatment for Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors, National Medical Radiology Research Center, Ministry of Health of Russia between March 30, 2020 and August 1, 2021.Results. Eleven patients developed symptoms of coronavirus infection during their stay in the hospital. The incidence of nosocomial COVID-19 was 6 % according to the results of testing. Timely diagnosis and initiation of special treatment ensured the survival rate of 100 %.Conclusion. Adherence to epidemiological measures at all stages of hospitalization minimizes the risk of COVID-19 in patients with secondary bone lesions, allowing timely elective surgery. However, a tailored approach should be used when deciding on surgery during the pandemic.
Spectrum of all microorganism isolated from surgical site infection and their antimicrobial susceptibility profile
Authors: Singh Sudhir , Fatma Mushk Bar , Farooq Umar , Sharma Vasundhara , Sharma Shweta R , Ahmad Imran 
Published: November 2021

Surgical site infection are the most common nosocomial infection accounting for 14% healthcare associated infection and are estimated to double the post-operative stay and significantly increase the cost of care. Surgical site infection has been considered as the third regularly occurring infection according to national nosocomial infection surveillance system.To determine the bacterial agents causing surgical site infection and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolated microorganisms.: Isolate and identify pathogens of surgical site infection. To determine antimicrobial resistance and sensitivity pattern of isolated wound microbes. To determine the frequency of pathogens of surgical site infection.: Samples were cultured on Blood agar and MacConkey agar then incubated at 37 C for 24 hours. Any growth for further confirmed by Gram stain and appropriate biochemical tests, and then Antibiotic sensitivity test was done.: In this study 106 (61.7) were of male and 66 (38.3) were of female total 172 were examined. In our study total 172 patients included in which 142 pathogenic organism were isolated. The most common pathogenic organism found to be 44 isolates (30.99%) followed by 41 isolates (28.87%) 23 isolates (16.20%), 18 isolates (12.68%), 9 isolates (6.34%), 5 isolates (3.52%), 1 isolate (0.70%) and 1 isolate (0.70%). Antimicrobial resistance always pose challenges for clinician for treating wound infection the present study guide clinician about common pathogens and countered in pus sample furthermore it help the clinician to select and treat patients with proper antibiotics and decreased mortality and morbidity.
Study of occurrence of HBeAg among Hepatitis- B surface antigen positive cases
Authors: Sharma Shweta R , Devi Pragati , Mishra Amit , Farooq Umar , Singh Sudhir , Sharma Vasundhara , Ahamad Imran 
Published: November 2021

Hepatitis is a universal concept that mean inflammation of the liver and infection with 1 of the 5 viruses called hepatitis A, B, C, D and E viruses is the almost common cause. The 5 viral cause’s hepatitis-B infection is the worldly almost common hepatic infection, which is cause by hepatitis-B (HBV). HBV is a DNA virus. It is 42–47 nm in diameter and enters the liver through with blood stream. HBV is highly contagious and is 60–100 times more than HIV. It is transmissible throughly with blood cell and all body fluid or mucosa membranous. It is transmitted almost normally by unsafe physical sexual contact, contaminated blood transfusions and unsterilized use needles from mother to baby, close household touch and in the midst of children in early childhood. Study of occurrence of HBeAg among Hepatitis- B surface antigen positive cases; 1. Identification of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen positive cases; 2. Occurrence of HBeAg among Hepatitis- B surface antigen positive cases. 5ml blood was collected from anterior cubital vein by Venipuncture from recruited patient. Samples were collected after proper consent and aseptic precautions. Then every blood sample was transfer overhead a tagged tube plane vial The study was conducted in Department of Microbiology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Hospital. Blood sample from 106 patients including both male and female were collected from various department of the Hospital for the analysis purpose. Out of them, 38 (36%) cases were HBeAg positive and 68 (64%) cases were HBeAg negative: The result of our study put up valuable information and connection in HBeAg positive cases. In this little sample size 106 analysis of the patients at Uttar Pradesh Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College, the prevalence of HBeAg (positive results) in the department of medical microbiology, while the negative result is 68(64%).Males 29(76%) were more affected by the HBV (HBeAg) infection as compare to Female 9(24%).An important preventive measure is the screening for HBV in blood donors. Hepatitis-B related chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma are best prevented by universal childhood immunization. In non-infected people, HBV infection can be avoided by HBV vaccination.Injections Sequence 3 at 0, 1 and 6 months. In over 90% of recipients vaccination is successful.
Group B Streptococcal infections among nonpregnant adults: A cross sectional study from a Tertiary care teaching hospital in South India
Authors: Jose Rosmi , George Ann , K A Sathiavathy , Valsan Chithra 
Published: November 2021

To understand the epidemiology of Group B Streptococcal infections among nonpregnant adults and to study the antibiotic susceptibility profile of GBS isolates.: A cross sectional study conducted in the department of microbiology in a tertiary care teaching hospital during December 2018 to May 2020. Group B Streptococcal (GBS) isolates from clinical samples of nonpregnant adults were included in the study. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing of GBS isolates were performed according to standard microbiology techniques. Patient’s demographic features and clinical details were collected from medical records. : A total of 58 GBS isolates were obtained from nonpregnant adults during the study period. There was a female (60.3%) predominance among the study group. Mean age of the study subjects was 51.4 years. In our study GBS were commonly isolated from urine 50% (n=29) and wound swabs 46.6% (n=27). One isolate each (1.7%) was obtained from blood culture, urethral swab and high vaginal swab. Common GBS infections noted in this study were Urinary tract infections (50%) and skin and soft tissue infections (46.6%). Diabetes mellitus (58.6%) was the most common risk factor noted in our study. All the isolates were sensitive to Penicillin, Linezolid and Vancomycin. Erythromycin and clindamycin resistance of 13.8% and 6.9% respectively were noted. A shifting trend of GBS infections from pregnant women and neonates to non-pregnant adults was observed in the present study. In patients with diabetes mellitus GBS could be considered as causative agent of skin and soft tissue infections.
Determination of anti-streptolysin – O titer in suspected cases of streptococcal infection
Authors: Sharma Shweta R , Chahal Rounak , Srivastava Anshuman , Farooq Umar , Singh Sudhir , Sharma Vasundhara , Ahamad Imran 
Published: November 2021

The Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus has remained a major human infective agent for hundreds of years. Group 'A' beta hemolytic streptococcus related ailment and sequelae keep on affecting general public and national economy as they mostly influence kids and youthful grown-ups. Current research aimed to determination of anti-streptolysin –o titer in suspected cases of streptococcal infection. : Determination of anti-Streptolysin-O (ASO) titer in suspected cases of streptococcal infection. The measurement of ASO levels was done by semi-quantitative analyzer analyzer on photometric and colorimetric systems. 107 blood samples were taken in our study. This study was conduct in serological section of microbiology department of Teerthanker Mahaveer Hospital & research centre Moradabad. A total 107 samples were tested in this study. Of these, 23(21.5%) were found to be positive for the presence of ASO having titre of &#62;200IU/mL. This study will be useful to evaluate utility of sero-diagnosis in our catering population and found useful in early diagnosis and treatment of these pathogens. Treatment can be initiated at an early stage leading to reduction in complications and associated mortality.
A study of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome – Clinical profile, aetiology, and outcome
Authors: Patel Mayank A , Joshi Pranav B , Bharodiya Rakesh I , Shah Sudhir V , Shah Shalin D 
Published: November 2021

We aimed to study the clinical profile and etiology of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) in a tertiary care centre of western India.All patients evaluated by the neurology department, who fulfilled the standardised case definition for encephalitis (given by International Encephalitis Consortium) over 2 year period were screened. Routine laboratory investigations, CSF, Neuroimaging and EEG were done in all patients. Short term follow-up of one month was done to see the outcome.: Out of total 85 patients of AES seen over two years; viral etiology was identified in 26 (30.5%) patients; 8 (9.4%) patients had autoimmune cause and in 53 (62.4%) patients, no specific ethology could be found. Long duration of symptom onset to hospitalisation, seizures, abnormal behaviour, involuntary movements (automatism, dyskinesia, or dystonia), and autonomic dysfunction favours a diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis. At one month, good outcome (mRS &#60;2) was seen in 51(60%) patients and 34 (40%) patients had a poor outcome (mRS &#62; 2), out of which 29(34.1%) patients expired. Viral encephalitis was the commonest cause of AES; followed by autoimmune encephalitis. Specific cause could not be ascertained in large number of patients, even after extensive evaluation. AES patients had prolonged hospital stay and significant morbidity and mortality.
Comparision of bacterial urinary tract infection in catheterised and non catheterised patients
Authors: Sharma Vasundhara , Shukla Somya , Singh V K , Farooq Umar , Singh Sudhir , Sharma Shweta R , Ahmed Imran 
Published: November 2021

The most frequent bacterial illness is urinary tract infection (UTI). If Immune system fails to eliminate the bacteria that has bypass the first line of defence it results in urinary tract infection or a more severe illness furthermore. Females are usually more distressed than males. Catheter- associated urinary tract infection develops when an indwelling urinary catheter causes an infection within 48 hours. Compare the bacterial infection in urinary tract in non catheterized and catheterized patients. To know different pathogenic bacteria causing UTI in catheterized and non catheterized patients. The present study was conducted on CAUTI & NON CAUTI patients including both male & female attending general medicine of teerthankar Mahaveer University.Infection occurred more in CAUTI patients than NON CAUTI. Ratio of females was higher than males. As our study shows higher percentage of UTI in CAUTI so unnecessary catheterization should be avoided.
Pengaruh Perkembangan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di ASEAN 4
Authors: Fauziah Yusrin 
Published: November 2021

ASEAN is an organization in the Southeast Asian region which has ten member countries. Among the ten ASEAN member countries, there are four countries that have the same characteristics, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand. The four countries are developing countries with low to medium income, where the economy is supported by Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This study aims to see the effect of the number of workers, the value of exports and the value of MSME capital loans on economic growth in ASEAN 4. The MSMEs studied are MSMEs in four ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand) since 2009-2018. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression using panel data by performing statistical tests (F test, t test and R2 test) and classical assumption tests (normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation). Data analysis shows that the number of workers and the value of MSME capital loans have a positive and significant effect on economic growth in ASEAN 4. Meanwhile, the export value of MSMEs has a positive but not significant effect on economic growth in ASEAN 4.
Keywords: MSMEs, Employment, Exports, Capital Loans and Economic Growth.
A organicidade dos egressos(as) da Licenciatura em Educação do Campo: uma construção em percurso
Authors: Santos de Sousa Brenda , Oliveira Augusto Stephanie , Dos Santos Barbosa Jonhnatan , Nascimento de Souza Erivelton , Moreira dos Santos Frederik 
Published: November 2021

O presente ensaio tem por objetivo apresentar um relato de experiência em torno das estratégias de auto-organização de professores egressos(as) da Licenciatura em Educação do Campo na Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia. Para tal, fizemos uma revisão bibliográfica das principais referências da área de Educação do Campo sobre egressos/as articulando com nossas próprias vivências. Assim, emolduramos nosso estudo a partir da abordagem por meio de escrevivências, termo cunhado por Conceição Evaristo. Como resultado, evidenciamos a importância da organicidade em prol da superação dos desafios enfrentados por professores recém-formados em um curso contra-hegemônico. A pesquisa nos levou a compreender a necessidade de articulação permanente, ampliando e fortalecendo a rede de personalidades que constituem a Educação do Campo.
Palavras-chave: auto-organização, recém-formados, LEdoC.

The organicity of newcomer teachers who have a major in Education for the Countryside: a construction in progress
ABSTRACT. This essay aims to present an experience report on the self-organization strategies of teachers who have a major in Education for the countryside in the Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia. Thus, we carried out a bibliographical review of the preeminent academic references in the Rural Education for the countryside that study newcomer teacher. Additionally, we articulate the outcome of this research evidence with our own experiences. So, we framed our study by the living-and-writing (escrevivências) approach, a term coined by Conceição Evaristo. As a result, we highlight the importance to overcome the challenges faced by newcomer teacher in a counter-hegemonic course the search defends the need for permanent articulation, expanding and strengthening the network of people that constitute the Education for the countryside.
Keywords: self-organization, newly graduate, LEdoC

La organicidad de los egresados de la Grado en Educación de Campo: una construcción en curso
RESUMEN. Este ensayo tiene como objetivo presentar un informe de experiencia sobre las estrategias de auto organización de los docentes egresados ​​de la Licenciatura en Educación Rural de la Universidad Federal de Recôncavo da Bahia. Para ello, realizamos una revisión bibliográfica de las principales referencias en el campo de la Educación Rural sobre egresados ​​articulando nuestras propias experiencias. Así, enmarcamos nuestro estudio desde el enfoque a través de los escritos, término acuñado por Conceição Evaristo. Como resultado, destacamos la importancia de la organicidad para superar los desafíos que enfrentan los docentes recién graduados en un curso contra hegemónico. La investigación nos llevó a comprender la necesidad de una articulación permanente, ampliando y fortaleciendo la red de personalidades que conforman la Educación Rural.
Palabras clave: auto organización, recién graduado, LEdoC.