bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complexidade da cultura escolar: elementos dialogicos na prática educativa
Authors: Santos da Conceição Victor Julierme , Molina Neto Vicente , Krug Hugo Norberto 
Published: June 2021

Objetivamos compreender os elementos produzidos nas relações entre as culturas escolares e o desenvolvimento docente dos professores de Educação Física iniciantes na carreira na Rede Municipal de Ensino de Porto Alegre- RS. Realizamos uma etnografia educacional crítica em duas escolas, onde emergiram duas grandes categorias analíticas: “Imprinting” cultural: choque cultural sobre realidades opostas no mundo da docência; Rotinização da vida cotidiana na escola: Debates sobre Perspectivas e compreensões sobre a escola e a educação. Concluímos que as marcas culturais, em diferentes situações de ensino, contribuem para os professores demarcarem condutas e rotinas no início da docência.
THE ROLE OF GUGGUL DHUP IN THE MANAGEMENT OF OTITIS MEDIA ( KARNASTRAVA) A CASE REPORT
Authors: Dhate Rajendra Haribhau 
Published: June 2021

There is availability of number of higher antibiotics, still there is challenge to treat middle ear infection and so its recurrence mostly occurs. Sushrut has already described the treatment of Karnastrava, Putikarna and Krimikarna.2Today every persons lifestyle is changed with food habbit, working hours, type of work & pollution etc., these factors are responsible forupper respiratory tract infections which leads to otitis media ( Karnastrava)1. Sushrut has described the treatment for Karnastrava is guggule dhupan 4. As the guggule is â€˜ushnaâ€™ acts â€˜vatshamak,â€™ due to â€˜tikshna, ushna gun, kaph shamak5. Guggule is also shothhar, Jantughna, Vranashodhan, vranaropan and vednasthapan5, it is used in kaph wat rogâ€™. Dhup of guggule can easily reaches at affected area. This properties of guggule is useful in the management karnastrava.So, here I present a case where a chronic otitis media (KARNASTRAVA) is treated withâ€™ guggule dhup.â€™
Bounding Border Checks
Authors: Hamburger David 
Published: June 2021

Bounding Border Checks: A Comparative Approach to Crimmigration, Race, and Policing at the US Internal Border
Crimmigration – the hybridization of criminal law and migration policy – is a transatlantic phenomenon. Despite this growing recognition, however, academic attention has thus far tended to focus more on discrete cases than on the similarities across regional contexts. In considering internal checkpoint stops conducted by US Border Patrol within the context of ongoing debates about racial profiling and policing of the internal border in the Schengen area, this article aims to provide a comparative lens by which to assess the questions at the heart of the current European discussion. An examination of both the jurisprudence and practice of the US internal border, this comparison suggests, offers a cautionary tale for European attempts to balance the fight against cross-border crime with the principles of human rights and the promise of a Europe free of internal frontiers.
A machine without an engine: why deportation would hardly find its place in the Italian judicial system
Authors: Di Molfetta Eleonora 
Published: June 2021

A machine without an engine: why deportation would hardly find its place in the Italian judicial system
In the last decades, many Western countries have embraced an exclusionary stance towards non-members by increasingly relying on deportation. An important target of ‘crimmigration’ practices is represented by convicted foreign nationals, who are subject to deportation after serving their sentence. In Italy, trial judges can issue a deportation order towards convicted foreign nationals considered socially dangerous. This article examines whether and how deportation has found its space in judicial settings. Drawing on data collected in the court of Turin, this article sheds light on how structural and cultural traits of the Italian judicial system make deportation ‘a machine without an engine’.
The Crimmigration Trend in the Netherlands: Some Critical Reflections
Authors: Staring Richard , Timmerman Ruben 
Published: June 2021

The Crimmigration Trend in the Netherlands: Some Critical Reflections
Over the past decade, the concept of crimmigration has dominated legal and criminological understanding of contemporary immigration control. Drawing on the Netherlands as case study, this article provides a critical reflection on ‘crimmigration’ as both a policy trend and a scholarly trend. We argue that much of the existing scholarship has presented a one-dimensional understanding of crimmigration as a unilateral process singularly trending towards increasing punitiveness, securitization and exclusion. We examine a number of concrete examples illustrating the need for a more complex understanding that incorporates an analysis of the full range of actors and (counter)processes within the field of crimmigration.
One new genus and nineteen new species of ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) from Iran, with other taxonomic considerations
Authors: Zamani Alireza , Chatzaki Maria , Esyunin Sergei L. , Marusik Yuri M. 
Published: June 2021

One new genus, Zagrotes gen. nov., and 19 new species of ground spiders (Gnaphosidae) are described from Iran: Berinda bifurcata sp. nov. (♂, Bushehr, Khuzestan; southwestern and southern Iran), Berinda hoerwegi sp. nov. (♂♀, Fars, Ilam, Kermanshah, Kurdistan; western and southcentral Iran), Berlandina artaxerxes sp. nov. (♂ Yazd; central Iran), Cryptodrassus iranicus sp. nov. (♂, Kermanshah; western Iran), Drassodes persianus sp. nov. (♀, Kermanshah, Sistan & Baluchistan; western and southeastern Iran), Echemus caspicus sp. nov. (♀, Golestan; northern Iran), Gnaphosa qamsarica sp. nov. (♀, Isfahan; central Iran), Haplodrassus medes sp. nov. (♂, Fars; southcentral Iran), Haplodrassus qashqai sp. nov. (♂♀, Hormozgan, Khuzestan, Lorestan; southwestern to southern Iran), Marinarozelotes achaemenes sp. nov. (♀, Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad; southwestern Iran), Marjanus isfahanicus sp. nov. (♀, Isfahan; central Iran), Nomisia ameretatae sp. nov. (♂, Tehran; northern Iran), Prodidomus inexpectatus sp. nov. (♂, Hormozgan; southern Iran), Scotophaeus anahita sp. nov. (♀, Isfahan; central Iran), Scotophaeus elburzensis sp. nov. (♀, Tehran, Zanjan; northwestern and northern Iran), Sosticus montanus sp. nov. (♀, Ilam; western Iran), Synaphosus martinezi sp. nov. (♂♀, Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad; southwestern Iran), Zagrotes apophysalis sp. nov. (♂♀, Hormozgan, Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad; southwestern to southern Iran) and Zelotes hyrcanus sp. nov. (♀, Mazandaran; northern Iran). These are the first records of the genera Berinda Roewer, 1928, Echemus Simon, 1878 and Marjanus Chatzaki, 2018 in Iran. Additionally, the previously unknown female of Callipelis deserticola Zamani & Marusik, 2017 is described and illustrated, and Berlandina mesopotamica Al-Khazali, 2020 is recorded in Iran for the first time. Furthermore, Berinda idae Lissner, 2016 syn. nov. (Greece, Cyprus) is synonymized with Berinda infumatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) comb. nov. (ex. Heser Tuneva, 2004; Greece, Tanzania, Egypt, Israel, introduced to Japan).
Development and validation of the Health Promoting Behaviour for Bloating (HPB-Bloat) scale
Authors: Abdullah Nurzulaikha , Kueh Yee Cheng , Kuan Garry , Wong Mung Seong , Yahaya Fatan Hamamah , Abd Samat Nor Aslina , Zulkifli Khairil Khuzaini , Lee Yeong Yeh 
Published: June 2021

Background
Health management strategies may help patients with abdominal bloating (AB), but there are currently no tools that measure behaviour and awareness. This study aimed to validate and verify the dimensionality of the newly-developed Health Promoting Behaviour for Bloating (HPB-Bloat) scale.

Methods
Based on previous literature, expert input, and in-depth interviews, we generated new items for the HPB-Bloat. Its content validity was assessed by experts and pre-tested across 30 individuals with AB. Construct validity and dimensionality were first determined using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Promax rotation analysis, and then using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

Results
During the development stage, 35 items were generated for the HPB-Bloat, and were maintained following content validity assessment and pre-testing. One hundred and fifty-two participants (mean age of 31.27 years, 68.3% female) and 323 participants (mean age of 27.69 years, 59.4% male) completed the scale for EFA and CFA, respectively. Using EFA, we identified 20 items that we divided into five factors: diet (five items), health awareness (four items), physical activity (three items), stress management (four items), and treatment (four items). The total variance explained by the EFA model was 56.7%. The Cronbach alpha values of the five factors ranged between 0.52 and 0.81. In the CFA model, one problematic latent variable (treatment) was identified and three items were removed. In the final measurement model, four factors and 17 items fit the data well based on several fit indices (root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.044 and standardized root mean squared residual (SRMR) = 0.052). The composite reliability of all factors in the final measurement model was above 0.60, indicating acceptable construct reliability.

Conclusion
The newly developed HPB-Bloat scale is valid and reliable when assessing the awareness of health-promoting behaviours across patients with AB. Further validation is needed across different languages and populations.
Prognostic Factors for Health Outcomes After Exercise Therapy and Education in Individuals With Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis With or Without Comorbidities: A Study of 37,576 Patients Treated in Primary Care
Authors: Pihl Kenneth , Roos Ewa M. , Taylor Rod S. , Grønne Dorte T. , Skou Søren T. 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo identify prognostic factors for health outcomes following an 8‐week supervised exercise therapy and education program for individuals with knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA) alone or with concomitant hypertension, heart or respiratory disease, diabetes mellitus, or depression.MethodsWe included individuals with knee and/or hip OA from the Good Life With OsteoArthritis in Denmark (GLA:D) program. GLA:D consists of 2 patient education sessions and 12 supervised exercise therapy sessions. Before GLA:D, participants self‐reported any comorbidities and were categorized into 8 comorbidity groups. Twenty‐one potential prognostic factors (demographic information, clinical data, and performance‐based physical function) gathered from participants and clinicians before the program were included. Outcomes were physical function using the 40‐meter Fast‐Paced Walk Test (FPWT), health‐related quality of life using the 5‐level EuroQol 5‐domain (EQ‐5D‐5L) index score, and pain intensity using a visual analog scale (VAS; range 0–100) assessed before and immediately after the GLA:D program. Within each comorbidity group, associations of prognostic factors with outcomes were estimated using multivariable linear regression.ResultsData from 35,496 (40‐meter FPWT) and 37,576 (EQ‐5D‐5L and VAS) participants were included in the analyses. Clinically relevant associations were demonstrated between age, self‐efficacy, self‐rated health, and pain intensity and change in 40‐meter FPWT, EQ‐5D‐5L, or VAS scores across comorbidity groups. Furthermore, anxiety, education, physical function, and smoking were associated with outcomes among subgroups having depression or diabetes mellitus in addition to OA.ConclusionAge, self‐efficacy, self‐rated health, and pain intensity may be prognostic of change in health outcomes following an 8‐week exercise therapy and patient education program for individuals with OA, irrespective of comorbidities.
Pure Blue Electroluminescence by Differentiated Ion Motion in a Single Layer Perovskite Device
Authors: Mishra Aditya , Alahbakhshi Masoud , Haroldson Ross , Gu Qing , Zakhidov Anvar A. , Slinker Jason D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBlue electroluminescence is highly desired for emerging light‐emitting devices for display applications and optoelectronics in general. However, saturated, efficient, and stable blue emission has been challenging to achieve, particularly in mixed‐halide perovskites, where intrinsic ion motion and halide segregation compromises spectral purity. Here, CsPbBr3−xClx perovskites, polyelectrolytes, and a salt additive are leveraged to demonstrate pure blue emission from single‐layer light‐emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). The electrolytes transport the ions from salt additives, enhancing charge injection and stabilizing the inherent perovskite emissive lattice for highly pure and sustained blue emission. Substituting Cl into CsPbBr3 tunes the perovskite luminescence from green through blue. Sky blue and saturated blue devices produce International Commission on Illumination coordinates of (0.105, 0.129) and (0.136, 0.068), respectively, with the latter meeting the US National Television Committee standard for the blue primary. Likewise, maximum luminances of 2900 and 1000 cd m−2, external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 4.3% and 3.9%, and luminance half‐lives of 5.7 and 4.9 h are obtained for sky blue and saturated blue devices, respectively. Polymer and LiPF6 inclusion increases photoluminescence efficiency, suppresses halide segregation, induces thin‐film smoothness and uniformity, and reduces crystallite size. Overall, these devices show superior performance among blue perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) and general LECs.
3D Graphene Network with Covalently Grafted Aniline Tetramer for Ultralong‐Life Supercapacitors
Authors: Chang Xueying , El‐Kady Maher F. , Huang Ailun , Lin Cheng‐Wei , Aguilar Stephanie , Anderson Mackenzie , Zhu Jason Zi Jie , Kaner Richard B. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe conducting polymer polyaniline (PANI) has been considered to be a promising pseudocapacitive electrode material for supercapacitors due to its high specific capacitance, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, the poor cycling stability of PANI during the charge–discharge processes limits its widespread practical application. Herein, a facile synthetic method is demonstrated for covalently grafting an aniline tetramer (TANI), the basic building block of PANI, onto 3D graphene networks via perfluorophenylazide coupling chemistry to create a hybrid electrode material for ultralong‐life supercapacitors. The design, which substitutes long‐chain PANI with short‐chain TANI and introduces covalent linkages between TANI and 3D graphene, greatly enhances the charge–discharge cycling stability of PANI‐based supercapacitors. The electrode material, as well as the fabricated symmetric all‐solid‐state supercapacitors, exhibit extraordinary long cycle life (>85% capacitance retention after 30 000 charge–discharge cycles). The capacitance can be further boosted through fast and reversible redox reactions on the electrode surface using a redox‐active electrolyte while maintaining outstanding cycling stability (82% capacitance retention after 100 000 cycles for a symmetric all‐solid‐state device). While conducting polymers are known to be limited by their poor cycling stability, this work provides an effective strategy to achieve enhanced cycle life for conducting polymer‐based energy storage devices.
DNA Nanotechnology‐Based Biosensors and Therapeutics
Authors: Shen Luyao , Wang Pengfei , Ke Yonggang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOver the past few decades, DNA nanotechnology engenders a vast variety of programmable nanostructures utilizing Watson–Crick base pairing. Due to their precise engineering, unprecedented programmability, and intrinsic biocompatibility, DNA nanostructures cannot only interact with small molecules, nucleic acids, proteins, viruses, and cancer cells, but also can serve as nanocarriers to deliver different therapeutic agents. Such addressability innate to DNA nanostructures enables their use in various fields of biomedical applications such as biosensors and cancer therapy. This review is begun with a brief introduction of the development of DNA nanotechnology, followed by a summary of recent applications of DNA nanostructures in biosensors and therapeutics. Finally, challenges and opportunities for practical applications of DNA nanotechnology are discussed.
Liquid Copolymers as Biodegradable Surgical Sealant
Authors: Shimony Neta , Shagan Alona , Eylon Bat‐hen , Nyska Abraham , Gross Adi , Mizrahi Boaz 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSurgical sealants are widely used to prevent seepage of fluids and liquids, promote hemostasis, and close incisions. Despite the remarkable progress the field of biomaterials has undergone, the clinical uses of surgical sealants are limited because of their short persistence time in vivo, toxicity, and high production costs. Here, the development of two complementary neat (solvent‐free) prepolymers, PEG4‐PLGA‐NHS and PEG4‐NH2, that harden upon mixing to yield an elastic biodegradable sealant is presented. The mechanical and rheological properties and cross‐linking rate can be controlled by varying the ratio between the two prepolymers. The tested sealants show a longer persistence time compared with fibrin glue, minimal cytotoxicity in vitro, and excellent biocompatibility in vivo. The neat, multiarmed approach demonstrated here improves the mechanical and biocompatibility properties and provides a promising tissue sealant solution for wound closure in future surgical procedures.
Emerging Materials and Technologies with Applications in Flexible Neural Implants: A Comprehensive Review of Current Issues with Neural Devices
Authors: Cho Younguk , Park Sanghoon , Lee Juyoung , Yu Ki Jun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNeuroscience is an essential field of investigation that reveals the identity of human beings, with a comprehensive understanding of advanced mental activities, through the study of neurobiological structures and functions. Fully understanding the neurotransmission system that allows for connectivity among neuronal circuits has paved the way for the development of treatments for neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and depression. The field of flexible implants has attracted increasing interest mainly to overcome the mechanical mismatch between rigid electrode materials and soft neural tissues, enabling precise measurements of neural signals from conformal contact. Here, the current issues of flexible neural implants (chronic device failure, non‐bioresorbable electronics, low‐density electrode arrays, among others are summarized) by presenting material candidates and designs to address each challenge. Furthermore, the latest investigations associated with the aforementioned issues are also introduced, including suggestions for ideal neural implants. In terms of the future direction of these advances, designing flexible devices would provide new opportunities for the study of brain–machine interfaces or brain–computer interfaces as part of locomotion through brain signals, and for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Harnessing Innate Immunity Using Biomaterials for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Lee DaeYong , Huntoon Kristin , Wang Yifan , Jiang Wen , Kim Betty Y. S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe discovery of immune checkpoint blockade has revolutionized the field of immuno‐oncology and established the foundation for developing various new therapies that can surpass conventional cancer treatments. Most recent immunotherapeutic strategies have focused on adaptive immune responses by targeting T cell‐activating pathways, genetic engineering of T cells with chimeric antigen receptors, or bispecific antibodies. Despite the unprecedented clinical success, these T cell‐based treatments have only benefited a small proportion of patients. Thus, the need for the next generation of cancer immunotherapy is driven by identifying novel therapeutic molecules or new immunoengineered cells. To maximize the therapeutic potency via innate immunogenicity, the convergence of innate immunity‐based therapy and biomaterials is required to yield an efficient index in clinical trials. This review highlights how biomaterials can efficiently reprogram and recruit innate immune cells in tumors and ultimately initiate activation of T cell immunity against advanced cancers. Moreover, the design and specific biomaterials that improve innate immune cells’ targeting ability to selectively activate immunogenicity with minimal adverse effects are discussed.
Dual‐Encryption in a Shape‐Memory Hydrogel with Tunable Fluorescence and Reconfigurable Architecture
Authors: Zhu Chao Nan , Bai Tianwen , Wang Hu , Ling Jun , Huang Feihe , Hong Wei , Zheng Qiang , Wu Zi Liang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMaterials capable of shape‐morphing and/or fluorescence imaging have practical significances in the fields of anti‐counterfeiting, information display, and information protection. However, it's challenging to realize these functions in hydrogels due to the poor mechanical properties and lack of tunable fluorescence. A tough hydrogel with good shape‐memory ability and phototunable fluorescence is reported here, which affords reprogrammable shape designing and information encoding for dual‐encryption. This hydrogel is prepared by incorporating donor–acceptor chromophore units into a poly(1‐vinylimidazole‐co‐methacrylic acid) network, in which the dense intra‐ and interchain hydrogen bonds lead to desirable features including high stiffness, high toughness, and temperature‐mediated shape‐memory property. Additionally, the hydrogel shows photomediated tunable fluorescence through a unimer‐to‐dimer transformation of the chromophores. By combining photolithography and origami/kirigami designs, hydrogel sheets encoded with fluorescent patterns can deform into specific 3D configurations. The geometrically encrypted fluorescent information in the architected hydrogels is readable only after sequential shape recovery and UV light irradiation. As demonstrated by proof‐of‐concept experiments, both the fluorescent pattern and the 3D configuration are reprogrammable, facilitating repeated information protection and display. The design of tough hydrogels with rewritable fluorescent patterns and reconfigurable shapes should guide the future development of smart materials with improved security and wider applications in aqueous environments.
Angle‐Insensitive Fabry–Perot Mechanochromic Sensor for Real‐Time Structural Health Monitoring
Authors: Bae Gijoon , Seo Minseok , Lee Sangjun , Bae Donghyun , Lee Myeongkyu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractColorimetric sensors that respond to mechanical stimuli have garnered increased attention for various applications such as healthcare, display, electronic skin, and camouflage. To date, these mechanochromic sensors have been largely fabricated and studied with periodic structures such as surface relief patterns and photonic crystals. Although periodic structures can provide high wavelength selectivity, the strong viewing‐angle‐dependence of the color hinders their practical application in indoor and outdoor environments. Herein, a Fabry–Perot (F–P) interferometer composed of an elastomeric triblock copolymer as a dielectric spacer sandwiched between two metal layers is presented as an angle‐insensitive mechanochromic sensor. The planar structure of this device, formed on a flexible substrate, can be stretched to strains greater than 100%, and it reveals diverse colors according to the applied strain. The revealed colors are highly independent of the viewing angle, as confirmed both experimentally and theoretically. The developed sensor can be attached to any material including metals to visually detect mechanical failures (cracking, cleavage, and deformation) of the material. Therefore, this F–P mechanochromic sensor shows significant potential for real‐time structural health monitoring.