bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of a Combined Model for Preoperative Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Peripheral Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Qi , He Xiao-qun , Fan Xiao , Zhu Chao-nan , Lv Jun-wei , Luo Tian-you 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundBased on the “seed and soil” theory proposed by previous studies, we aimed to develop and validate a combined model of machine learning for predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with peripheral lung adenocarcinoma (PLADC).MethodsRadiomics models were developed in a primary cohort of 390 patients (training cohort) with pathologically confirmed PLADC from January 2016 to August 2018. The patients were divided into the LNM (−) and LNM (+) groups. Thereafter, the patients were subdivided according to TNM stages N0, N1, N2, and N3. Radiomic features from unenhanced computed tomography (CT) were extracted. Radiomic signatures of the primary tumor (R1) and adjacent pleura (R2) were built as predictors of LNM. CT morphological features and clinical characteristics were compared between both groups. A combined model incorporating R1, R2, and CT morphological features, and clinical risk factors was developed by multivariate analysis. The combined model’s performance was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. An internal validation cohort containing 166 consecutive patients from September 2018 to November 2019 was also assessed.ResultsThirty-one radiomic features of R1 and R2 were significant predictors of LNM (all P &lt; 0.05). Sex, smoking history, tumor size, density, air bronchogram, spiculation, lobulation, necrosis, pleural effusion, and pleural involvement also differed significantly between the groups (all P &lt; 0.05). R1, R2, tumor size, and spiculation in the combined model were independent risk factors for predicting LNM in patients with PLADC, with area under the ROC curves (AUCs) of 0.897 and 0.883 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The combined model identified N0, N1, N2, and N3, with AUCs ranging from 0.691–0.927 in the training cohort and 0.700–0.951 in the validation cohort, respectively, thereby indicating good performance.ConclusionCT phenotypes of the primary tumor and adjacent pleura were significantly associated with LNM. A combined model incorporating radiomic signatures, CT morphological features, and clinical risk factors can assess LNM of patients with PLADC accurately and non-invasively.
Development and Validation of Novel Nomograms Using Serum Tumor Markers for the Prediction of Preoperative Histologic Grades in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Li Yan , Wu Zhi-Qi , Xu Qin , Goyal Hemant , Xu Hua-Guo 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundTo develop and validate nomogram models for the preoperatively prediction of the histologic grade of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) to provide appropriate treatments.MethodsA total of 1014 participants, including 211 healthy controls, 293 patients with benign diseases, 299 patients with cancers, and 211 patients with GEP-NETs were included in the final analysis. Their sociodemographic and laboratory information, including serum tumor markers such as AFP, CEA, CA19-9, CA72-4, Cyfra21-1 and NSE were collected. Nomogram models were developed to preoperatively predict histologic grades of GEP-NETs.ResultsAmong six serum tumor markers, only NSE was found to have a statistically significant association with the histologic grades in GEP-NETs (G1 vs. G2: p &lt; 0.05; G2 vs. G3: p &lt; 0.001; G1 vs. G3: p &lt; 0.0001), which was combined with sex and age to develop the nomogram models. The first nomogram (to differentiate grade 1(G1) and grade 2/3 tumor (G2/G3)) showed a strong association to differentiate with an AUC of 0.747 (95% CI: 0.663-0.832) and 0.735 (95% CI: 0.624-0.847) in the training and validation datasets, respectively. The second nomogram (to differentiate G1/G2 and G3 tumors) showed a strong association to differentiate with an AUC of 0.827 (95% CI: 0.744-0.911) and 0.847 (95% CI: 0.744-0.950) in the training and validation datasets, respectively. The ROC, area under ROC curve (AUC), calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) demonstrated the clinical usefulness of both models.ConclusionsWe proposed two novel nomogram models based on sex, age and serum NSE levels to preoperatively predict the histologic grades in GEP-NETs to assist the clinical decision-making.
Autism Case Report: Cause and Treatment of “High Opioid Tone” Autism
Authors: Anugu Vishal , Ringhisen John , Johnson Brian 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Neurobiological systems engineering models are useful for treating patients. We show a model of “high opioid tone” autism and present a hypothesis about how autism is caused by administration of opioids during childbirth.Main Symptoms: Clinical diagnosis of autism in a 25 year old man was confirmed by a Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) self-rating of 79, severe, and a Social Communications Questionnaire (SCQ-2) by the patient's father scoring 27. Cold pressor time (CPT) was 190 seconds—unusually long, consonant with the high pain tolerance of autism.Therapeutic Intervention and Outcomes: At naltrexone 50 mg/day SRS fell to 54 and SCQ-−2–9; both non-significant. CPT fell to 28, repeat 39 s. Improved relatedness was experienced ambivalently, understood as feelings never before experienced—causing pain. Non-compliance with naltrexone was followed by cutting open his palm and drinking alcoholically. Transference focused psychotherapy has helped him remain naltrexone—compliant while he works on issues of identity and relatedness.Conclusion: The model suggests studies that could be conducted to both prevent and treat this form of autism.
Bacteriological Evaluation of Gingival Crevicular Fluid in Teeth Restored Using Fixed Dental Prostheses: An In Vivo Study
Authors: Heboyan Artak , Manrikyan Mikayel , Zafar Muhammad Sohail , Rokaya Dinesh , Nushikyan Ruzan , Vardanyan Izabella , Vardanyan Anna , Khurshid Zohaib 
Published: May 2021

The present in vivo study determined the microbiological counts of the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) among patients with fixed dental prostheses fabricated using three different techniques. A total of 129 subjects were divided into three study groups: first, cobalt-chrome-based, metal-ceramic prostheses fabricated by the conventional method (MC, n = 35); the second group consisted of cobalt-chrome-based, metal-ceramic prostheses fabricated by the computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technique (CC-MC, n = 35); the third group comprised zirconia-based ceramic prostheses fabricated using the CAD/CAM technique (CC-Zr, n = 35). The control consisted of 24 patients using prostheses fabricated with either MC, CC-MC, or CC-Zr. The GCF was obtained from the subjects before treatment, and 6 and 12 months after the prosthetic treatment. Bacteriological and bacterioscopic analysis of the GCF was performed to analyze the patients’ GCF. The data were analyzed using SPSS V20 (IBM Company, Chicago, IL, USA). The number of microorganisms of the gingival crevicular fluid in all groups at 12 months of prosthetic treatment reduced dramatically compared with the data obtained before prosthetic treatment. Inflammatory processes in the periodontium occurred slowly in the case of zirconium oxide-based ceramic constructions due to their biocompatibility with the mucous membranes and tissues of the oral cavity as well as a reduced risk of dental biofilm formation. This should be considered by dentists and prosthodontists when choosing restoration materials for subjects with periodontal pathology.
Spatial Bloch oscillations in acoustic waveguide arrays
Authors: Liu Yun-Kai , Wu Hong-Wei , Hu Ping , Sheng Zong-Qiang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We designed a type of acoustic waveguide supported by spoof acoustic surface waves. The effective refractive index of acoustic waveguide can be effectively tuned by tailoring the waveguide width to control the propagation of spoof acoustic surface waves. Based on the advantage of the tunable refractive index, we construct a discrete waveguide array with transverse refractive index gradients to simulate the time evolution of the probability waves of electron in a tight-binding lattice under an external electric field. Based on numerical simulations and experiments, we discuss the relationship between the spatial Bloch oscillations period and the transverse refractive index gradient. Furthermore, we also investigate the influence of the interval between waveguides on the amplitude of the Bloch oscillations. Our acoustic waveguide array maybe provides a versatile testbed to explore analogous quantum mechanical effects, such as Zener tunneling, Anderson localization, and massless Dirac dynamics in acoustic system.
Structure-insensitive zero refraction effect based on a two-dimensional annular photonic crystal
Authors: Wu Jingren , Yuan Jing , Jiang Liyong , He Weiji 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The zero refraction (ZR) effect based on a two-dimensional square lattice air-ring photonic crystal (PC) provides a powerful mean for beam steering. However, most previous studies have reported ZR performance mainly for transverse-magnetic polarization. This paper proposes a typical non-accidental triple degeneracy at Dirac-like point for transverse-electric polarization, which in case of the structure-insensitive parameters. As compared to conventional PCs, the proposed PC exhibits a totally different performance attributed to its robust structure, which greatly reduces the difficulty of processing technology.
Características sociodemográficas asociadas a nivel de conocimiento actitudes y prácticas de las mujeres peruanas sobre VIH/SIDA-análisis de encuesta demográfica y de salud familiar 2019
Authors: Fernández-Ramírez Jehan Brayan , Monteza-Chávez Jefferson Aarón , Soto-Cáceres Victor Alberto 
Published: May 2021

Objetivo. Describir las características sociodemográficas asociadas a nivel de conocimientos actitudes y prácticas de las mujeres peruanas sobre VIH/sida. Material y métodos. El estudio cuantitativo, observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo de fuente secundaria basado en los datos públicos de ENDES 2019. Se descargó el cuestionario y diccionario individual del sitio web público del INEI que describe las mujeres en edad fértil (MEF). La población se constituyó por mujeres en edad de 15 a 49 años que formaron parte de la ENDES en el año 2019, se seleccionaron mujeres comprendidas en las regiones Amazonas, Cajamarca y Lambayeque. Por medio de la prueba Chi cuadrado se estableció la asociación entre las variables involucradas en esta investigación. Resultados. Se encontró asociación entre las características sociodemográficas y el nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de las mujeres peruanas sobre el VIH/sida. El índice de riqueza estuvo asociado con el nivel de conocimientos (p= 0,042); la región de procedencia (p= 0,007), el tipo de residencia (p= 0,008) y la edad (p= 0,019) se asociaron con en el nivel de las actitudes. Asimismo, la región de procedencia (p= 0,001), el nivel educativo (p= 0,044) y la edad (p= 0,046) se asociaron con el nivel de las prácticas sobre VIH/sida. Conclusión. Existe asociación entre las variables sociodemográficas evaluadas y el nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de las mujeres peruanas sobre el VIH/SIDA.
« Y’en a eu combien ce week-end ? »
Authors: Gautier Sigolène , Peyrat-Apicella Delphine 
Published: May 2021

Que se joue-t-il pour les professionnels de santé dans ces périodes dites de submersion ? Comment font-ils face à ces éprouvés multiples ? Quid du vécu, de la culpabilité, mais aussi des moyens de continuer à soigner malgré cette houle qui malmène ? Nous allons tenter ici d’explorer un phénomène fréquent et connu, mais pour autant malmenant à différents endroits, dans ce qu’il convoque chez chacun de nous de représentations angoissantes et mortifères.
Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in the Setting of Endophthalmitis: Risk Factors and Visual Outcomes
Authors: Lee Terry , Robbins Cason B. , Feng Henry L. , Fekrat Sharon 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To investigate risk factors for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) and visual acuity (VA) in eyes with RRD after developing endophthalmitis.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Retrospective comparative study of 133 eyes with endophthalmitis at a tertiary center between 2009 and 2018. Demographics, exam findings, interventions, and outcomes were assessed. Cases of RRD within 6 months after onset of endophthalmitis were further analyzed.

RESULTS:

Seventeen eyes (12.7%) with endophthalmitis developed RRD. Endogenous etiology was associated with higher rate of RRD (
P
= .038). Eyes that developed RRD had worse VA (20/3271) at 6 months (20/236;
P
= .001). Excluding the six eyes with macula-off RRD, VA for the remaining 11 eyes that developed RRD (20/1213) was similar to those without RRD (20/236;
P
= .095).

CONCLUSIONS:
Endogenous etiology of endophthalmitis was associated with a higher rate of RRD. Eyes with successful RRD repair had outcomes similar to eyes that did not develop RRD.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2021;52:257–262.]
TRAM-Related TLR4 Pathway Antagonized by IRAK-M Mediates the Expression of Adhesion/Coactivating Molecules on Low-Grade Inflammatory Monocytes
Authors: Pradhan Kisha , Geng Shuo , Zhang Yao , Lin Rui-Ci , Li Liwu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Low-grade inflammatory monocytes critically contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. The elevated expression of coactivating molecule CD40 as well as key adhesion molecule CD11a is a critical signature of inflammatory monocytes from both human patients with coronary artery diseases as well as in animal models of atherosclerosis. In this study, we report that subclinical superlow-dose LPS, a key risk factor for low-grade inflammation and atherosclerosis, can potently trigger the induction of CD40 and CD11a on low-grade inflammatory monocytes. Subclinical endotoxin-derived monocytes demonstrate immune-enhancing effects and suppress the generation of regulatory CD8+CD122+ T cells, which further exacerbate the inflammatory environment conducive for chronic diseases. Mechanistically, subclinical endotoxemia activates TRAM-mediated signaling processes, leading to the activation of MAPK and STAT5, which is responsible for the expression of CD40 and CD11a. We also demonstrate that TRAM-mediated monocyte polarization can be suppressed by IRAK-M. IRAK-M–deficient monocytes have increased expression of TRAM, elevated induction of CD40 and CD11a by subclinical-dose endotoxin, and are more potent in suppressing the CD8 regulatory T cells. Mice with IRAK-M deficiency generate an increased population of inflammatory monocytes and a reduced population of CD8 T regulatory cells. In contrast, mice with TRAM deficiency exhibit a significantly reduced inflammatory monocyte population and an elevated CD8 T regulatory cell population. Together, our data reveal a competing intracellular circuitry involving TRAM and IRAK-M that modulate the polarization of low-grade inflammatory monocytes with an immune-enhancing function.
Une note sur la densité des zéros des sommes partielles de la fonction zeta de Dedekind sur un corps quadratique
Authors: Dubon Eric 
Published: May 2021

RésuméEn s’appuyant sur la notion d’équivalence au sens de Bohr entre polynômes de Dirichlet et sur le fait que sur un corps quadratique la fonction zeta de Dedekind peut s’écrire comme produit de la fonction zeta de Riemann et d’une fonction L, nous montrons que, pour certaines valeurs du discriminant du corps quadratique, les sommes partielles de la fonction zeta de Dedekind ont leurs zéros dans des bandes verticales du plan complexe appelées bandes critiques et que les parties réelles de leurs zéros y sont denses.
Shopping malls as catalyst for sub-urban development in Ghana
Authors: Quagraine V. K. , Oppong R. A. , Agyekum-Sah J. 
Published: May 2021

The concentration of population in major cities is usually the consequence of the concentration of employment opportunities, goods and services in such cities. These goods and services act as pull factors to the regional population, especially from the suburban or rural areas, to densely populated cities. The resulting migration creates congestion of all kinds in the cities. Suburban communities are, thus, rendered unattractive for living. This situation is prevalent in Ghana where 75% of migrants into major cities are from suburban areas and the rate of urbanization is 4.1%. Decentralizing amenities to suburban areas would initiate re-distribution of population and thus development. This study investigated the possibility of using the Shopping Mall concept as catalyst to both help develop the suburbia and decongest cities in Ghana. The West Hills Mall at Dunkonah, a suburb near Accra was selected for the study. A mixed research method including questionnaires, interviews, and observations was used for data collection. Out of a total of 1,642 house owners 328 were sampled and interviewed with questionnaire that delved into their origins, whether they are migrants, and the reasons behind their movement. The study concluded that shopping malls could act as catalysts for development.Keywords: Shopping Malls, Catalyst, Decongestion, Suburbanization, Amenities
The vulnerability of peri-urban farm households with the emergence of land Markets in Accra
Authors: Oduro C. Y. , Adamtey R. 
Published: May 2021

Accra, the capital of Ghana, is a fast-growing African city. Its growth has brought in its wake an ever-increasing demand for land, which has in turn led to the emergence of a land market that is increasingly supplanting the age-old customary land tenure system. The customary land tenure system is based on communal, rather than individual ownership of land. However, over the last few decades, the system has come under pressure from the forces of rapid urbanization, city expansion and increasing demand for land for urban development. The purpose of this paper was to examine the vulnerability of residents of indigenous communities in peri-urban Accra due to the emerging urban land market. The case study approach has been used to explore vulnerability among residents of two indigenous communities in peri-urban Accra in respect of their ability to access land. Household surveys, focus group discussions and key informant interviews involving community members, leaders and municipal officials were the main techniques used to collect data. The study revealed that indigenous and long-term residents had their farmlands converted to urban development without any measures in place to protect them from the collapsing customary land tenure system and the evolving urban land market. This has negatively impacted their quality of life, especially with respect to livelihoods. There is therefore the need for municipal assemblies to include the preservation of farmlands in the management of physical growth and land use so as to minimize the rate at which farmlands are being converted to urban development. Measures should also be put in place to restore farm households that have lost their land to urban development in the form of compensation and provision of alternative livelihoods. Keywords: Vulnerability; customary; land tenure; urban growth; land market
Estimating the effects of income on food consumption expenditure in the Volta Region of Ghana
Authors: Adzawla W. , Kudadze S. 
Published: May 2021

This study examined the effect of disaggregated income and other socioeconomic factors on per capita food consumption expenditure of households in the Volta region of Ghana. This involved a total of 1,574 households obtained from the Ghana Living Standard Survey round six data (GLSS6 data). A quantile regression and Ordinary Least Square regression were fitted to the data. The results showed that, income from agricultural activities, non-farm activities, remittances and wage activities had positive and significant effect on per capita food consumption expenditure of the selected households. The study concluded that although income from all sources led to an increase in food consumption expenditure, a larger share of agricultural income is used for households’ food consumption purposes. To reduce households’ vulnerability to food insecurity, price incentives to increase the real income from agriculture in particular should be promoted. Also, dietary education should be encouraged among households in the region. Keywords: Food expenditure; income; quantile regression; Volta region
Les derniers vers du roman arthurien
Authors: Toniutti Géraldine 
Published: May 2021

Qu’implique le choix du vers dans le roman, à une époque où la prose s’est déjà imposée comme forme privilégiée du genre ? C’est à cette question que la présente étude soumet le corpus des derniers romans arthuriens en vers, rédigés entre 1260 et 1380. Le choix atypique du vers dans ces romans interroge les valeurs esthétiques attribuées à chaque forme au cours de ces siècles de mutation que sont le XIIIe et le XIVe siècle : l’écriture en vers résiste, mais est en décalage avec la forme irrémédiablement favorisée. À partir de ces textes, l’étude trace l’abandon du vers au profit de la prose dans le roman et sa spécialisation lyrique, engageant ainsi des réflexions sur la conjonction entre forme et genre. Ce corpus invite encore à théoriser la position tardive qu’occupent ces romans dans la trajectoire historique du roman arthurien en vers. Des interactions entre vers tardif et prose émergeante découle une véritable poétique de la tardivité, dont l’étude rend compte.
Traces of the Hidden
Authors: Lupi Laura P. , Dietz Dieter 
Published: May 2021

What we call visible is (…) the surface of a depth, a cross section upon a massive being. — Maurice Merleau-Ponty
If, as stated by the French philosopher Guillaume Blanc [2], the visible is sewn to the invisible, while reading the projects developed by students, we should be able to read traces of the hidden, the structure which made them possible. We will therefore focus on HOUSE 1, an experimental collaborative project designed and built by 227 first-year architecture students by the end of the spring semester 2016 in the XXX university campus.
Education Through Participation
Authors: Runge Pia , Prüssner Jurek 
Published: May 2021

The word ‘education’ is defined to be: ‘the process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a school or university’ by the Cambridge Dictionary. And this is supposedly the definition of what we do at the MSA as well as every other university. Except there is that other layer of learning that weaves its importance into the fabric of our everyday educational experience.
The participation model of students at the MSA is exemplary in the German higher education landscape, as the student body takes an important place in responsibility and organization of the Münster School of Architecture. It is thanks to active student involvement in important tasks, faculty policy decisions and representation of the school, that it is a distinguish part of the MSA.