bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Arab Spring
Authors: Wani Nazar Ul Islam 
Published: December 2021

The Arab Spring was a series of protests which took place in Arab countries against longstanding dictatorial regimes, because of the latter’s inability or refusal to deliver socio-economic and political justice to the common 99 masses. Protests spread like fire and made an impact not only on the governance of the Arab world but also internationally, by involving big players like Russia and the United States of America. Yet these events were intensely complicated, with multiple actors and layers of history involved in each country. The book under review here is one prodigious effort to understand the Arab Spring, considering causes and effects of the uprisings. Structurally, the book is divided into two parts. The first part, consisting of seven chapters, deals with the uprisings in Arab countries; part two, consisting of six chapters, discusses the impact of the Arab Spring on the non-Arab world and their core interests related to the uprisings.
PELAKSANAAN PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER (PPK) DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 PADA SMKN-1 PALANGKA RAYA
Authors: Sumarnie  , Setiawan  , Riko  
Published: December 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan Pelaksanaan Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter di masa pandemik covid 19 pada SMKN-1 Palangka Raya mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Metode Penelitian ini adalah menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang menghasilkan data deskriptif berupa kata-kata tertulis atau lisan dari orang-orang dan perilaku yang dapat diamati. Dalam rangka memperoleh data yang sahih (terpercaya) Teknik pengumpulan antara lain, teknik wawancara, observasi dan analisis studi dokumen. Hasil penelitian dalam perencanaan sekolah sudah sudah cukup baik penguatan Pendidikan karakter terintegrasi dengan mata pelajaran serta melalukan sosialiasi, pelaksanaan sistem daring pada pembelajaran cukup baik, namun kurang efektif pada kegiatan kokurikuler dan ektrakurikuler untuk penguatan Pendidikan karakter, dalam evaluasi sudah cukup baik untuk mengukur ketercapaian pembelajaran dan penguatan pendidikan karakter di Masa Pandemi Covid-19.
Abstract: This study aims to describe the Implementation of Strengthening Character Education during the Covid 19 pandemic at SMKN-1 Palangka Raya starting from planning, implementation and evaluation. This research method is to use a qualitative approach that produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and observable behavior. In order to obtain valid (reliable) data collection techniques include interview techniques, observation and analysis of document studies. The results of research in school planning are good enough to strengthen character education integrated with subjects and carry out socialization, the implementation of online systems in learning is quite good, but less effective in co-curricular and extracurricular activities to strengthen character education, in evaluation it is good enough to measure learning achievement and strengthening character education during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Optimization of chronic lymphocytic leukemia treatment using game theory
Authors: Luchinin A. S. , Strugov V. V. 
Published: December 2021

The current strategy of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) treatment is based on genetic risk factors such as del(17p), TP53 mutations and/or unmutated variant of IGHV genes. Guidelines recommend the usage of targeted drugs, e.g. ibrutinib, in the first line for patients with unfavorable risk factors due to dismal results of other treatment options. Unfortunately, in real-life treatment decisions are often made without full knowledge of genetic risk factors in the treated patient. Our aim was to find the optimal therapeutic strategy for such patients, that is, those providing the best 5-year progression-free survival (PFS). Using a relatively simple game theory-based approach we here show, that currently, the used strategy is more advantageous (success rate 71%) compared to administration of immunochemotherapy to all patients (success rate with fludarabine + cyclophosphamide + rituximab — 45%, bendamustine + rituximab — 32%). However, the optimal strategy for CLL treatment in the conditions of unknown genetic risks is the administration of ibrutinib to all patients (success rate 73%). Our simple method can be used for optimization of treatment strategy of any oncologic disease and can be integrated into relevant clinical decision support systems.
Factors Associated with Minimum Acceptable Diet in 6–11-Month-Old Indonesian Children Using the 2017 IDHS
Authors: Zebadia Eurika , Mahmudiono Trias , Atmaka Dominikus Raditya , Dewi Mira , Helmyati Siti , Yuniar Cindra Tri 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND: Inadequate complementary feeding practices are known to contribute to children’s nutritional status. A minimum acceptable diet (MAD) is one of the simple, valid, and reliable indicators to assess complementary feeding practices in 6–23-month-old children on food diversity and meal frequency. Based on the UNICEF data, the MAD of 6–11 months in Indonesia was 26.3% in 2017 and the lowest compared to other groups. Hence, this study research question is posing toward several factors associated with the low MAD among 6–11 months infant.

AIM: This study aimed to determine factors associated with MAD in 6–11-month-old children in Indonesia.

METHODS: This study was a secondary analysis using the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey. This is a cross-sectional study involving 17,848 children in Indonesia. Final sample to be analyzed were 1,441 children of 6–11-month-old. Logistic regression model was applied to identify the significant risk factors associated with MAD.

RESULTS: The result showed that the prevalence of MAD in this study is 29%. From the multivariate logistic regression, wealth index, television ownership, and mother’s occupation were significantly associated with MAD of 6–11-month-old children in Indonesia.

CONCLUSION: In conclusion, factors associated with MAD among 6–11-month-old children were wealth index, television ownership, and mother’s occupation.
Potential Development of Digital Environmental Surveillance System in Dengue Control: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Purnama Sang , Susanna Dewi , Achmadi Umar Fachmi , Krianto Tri , Eryando Tris 
Published: December 2021

Background: The development of digital environmental technology can be conducted to implement reports, surveillance, and manage dengue control. Therefore, this study aims to determine the barriers to the use of paper-based and the potential development of digital environmental technology in dengue control.

Methods
In-depth qualitative interviews were conducted using 14 key informants and four focus group discussions (FGD) from May-August 2021 in Denpasar City, Bali. The interviews were consistent with the flow of the epidemiological and entomological surveillance system, the obstacles to the dengue control program, the potential for the application of digital technology, and the challenges in the application of digital surveillance technology. Furthermore, open-ended questions and content analysis by qualitative study procedures were adopted. The results were transcribed verbatim and triangulation of sources was conducted for data validation.

Results
The reporting system that used paper-based was not optimally implemented due to repetition of reporting, speed of information, data bias, performance measurement as well as case surveillance and reporting system constraints. An integrated digital environmental surveillance system (SILIRA) was also developed for dengue control. In the current Covid-19 pandemic, the need for digital applications is high due to the policy of not accepting guests and keeping a distance. Epidemiological surveillance for case data collection, entomological surveillance for larva density, case reporting, and educational videos are the required data in the application.

Conclusion
The development of an integrated application for an environmental monitoring system can be created for the continuous reporting of case information and larval density for dengue hemorrhagic fever control.
Keywords: digital, surveillance, environment, dengue
Monitoring Arthropods in Azorean Agroecosystems: the project AGRO-ECOSERVICES
Authors: Borges Paulo , Nunes Rui , Lamelas-López Lucas , Pereira Enésima , Costa Ricardo , Monjardino Paulo , Lopes David , Soares António , Gil Artur , Rigal François , Ferrante Marco , Lövei Gabor 
Published: December 2021

The data we present are part of the AGRO-ECOSERVICES project (Assessing ecosystem services and disservices provided by arthropod species in Azorean agroecosystems). The project aims to evaluate the relative importance of native and non-native organisms as ecosystem services (ES) and disservices (ED) providers, by combining novel, direct and quantitative tools for monitoring agro-biodiversity. Ecosystem services include evaluation of natural pest control by predation, seed predation on weed plants, pollination, decomposition and ecosystem disservices, herbivory and seed predation on crop plants. Active Aerial Searching (AAS) (only in maize-fields) and pitfall traps were used to sample the arthropod biodiversity (predatory spiders, true-bugs and beetles and main insect pests) on four agricultural habitats of Terceira Island, namely citrus orchards, low and high elevation maize fields and vineyards.
We provided an inventory of all arthropods recorded in four Azorean agroecosystems (citrus orchards, low and high elevation maize fields and vineyards) from Terceira Island. A total of 50412 specimens were collected, belonging to four classes, 20 orders, 81 families and 200 identified species of arthropods. A total of 127 species are considered introduced (n = 22646) and 69 native non-endemic (n = 24117). Four endemic species were recorded with very few specimens (n = 14) and 3635 specimens belong to unidentified taxa recorded only at genus or family level. Five species are new records for Terceira Island, with Lagria hirta (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) being also a new record for the Azores. This publication contributes to a better knowledge of the arthropods communities present in agro-ecosystems of Terceira Island and will serve as a baseline for future monitoring schemes targeting the long-term change in arthropod diversity and abundance.
Quand « l’irrigation verte » augmente la demande d’eau
Authors: Benjamin Catherine , Giraldo Hurtado Alejandra 
Published: December 2021

En agriculture, l’utilisation de techniques d’irrigation plus efficaces est souvent vue comme un moyen de protéger l’environnement en créant un impact positif sur la gestion de la ressource en eau. Utiliser des techniques efficaces doit ainsi permettre d’atteindre des rendements agricoles similaires à ceux obtenus initialement en utilisant un volume d’eau moins important (irrigation verte). Toutefois, un système d’irrigation plus efficace peut paradoxalement inciter les producteurs agricoles à utiliser plus d’eau. Cet effet, connu sous le nom d’effet rebond, est lié à l’augmentation de la productivité du facteur de production. L’objectif de cet article est d’identifier les facteurs qui garantissent l’efficacité de l’irrigation verte. Notre contribution porte sur le développement d’un modèle qui prend en compte l’évolution des charges énergétiques. Nos résultats suggèrent que des technologies d’irrigation plus efficaces peuvent conduire à une augmentation de la demande d’eau (effet rebond) et aussi de la demande d’énergie. L’effet rebond est, en partie, compensé par une augmentation des charges énergétiques, mais la consommation d’énergie peut contribuer à l’émission de gaz à effet de serre. Les décideurs publics doivent donc coordonner les objectifs de politiques environnementales en eau et en énergie, afin qu’ils soient atteints et non pas neutralisés. Classification JEL : Q15, Q25, Q55.
Una nueva especie de Zwicknia Murányi, 2014 de España (Plecoptera: Capniidae)
Authors: Reding Jean-Paul G. , Pardo Isabel , Vinçon Gilles 
Published: December 2021

Se describe e ilustra una nueva especie, Zwicknia avilensis sp. n., de España a partir de machos y hembras adultos y de larvas del último estadio. También se discuten las afinidades morfológicas de esta nueva especie y se propone una clave para los adultos de Zwicknia de Europa occidental y meridional. Desde el punto de vista morfológico, Zwicknia avilensis sp. n. difiere claramente de todas las demás especies o subespecies conocidas del género Zwicknia.
Evaluation of stress distribution of porous tantalum and solid titanium implant-assisted overdenture in the mandible
Authors: Akbarzadeh Ayshin , Hemmati Yasser , Saleh-Saber Fariba 
Published: December 2021

Aims:
The present study aimed to evaluate the stress distribution of porous tantalum implant and titanium solid implant assisted overdenture (IAO) in mandibular bone by utilizing three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) analysis.

Materials and Methods:
In this FE study, an existing cone-beam volumetric tomography scan of a patient without any maxillofacial anomaly with an available acceptable IAO for mandible was used to attain the compartments of a completely edentulous mandible. Zimmer trabecular implants and locator attachment systems were selected as the case group (Model B), and Zimmer Screw-Vent implants and locator attachment system were chosen for the control (Model A), as overdenture attachments in the present study. The mandibular overdenture was scanned and digitized as a FE model. Two 3D FE models were designed as edentulous lower jaws, each with four implants in the anterior section of the mandible. Three forms of loads were directed to the IAO in each model: Vertical loads on the left first molar vertical molar (VM). Vertical loads on the lower incisors (VI). Inclined force buccolingually applied at left first molar (IM).

Results:
Under all loading conditions, the maximum strain values in peri-implant bone in Model A were less than Model B. Under VI, the greatest stress value around abutments in both models was about 2–3 times higher than the other loads. Under VM and IM loads, no significant difference was observed between models.

Conclusion:
Using trabecular metal implants instead of solid implants reduces strain values around both cortical and trabecular bone.
Evaluation of physical properties of polyamide and methacrylate based denture base resins polymerized by different techniques
Authors: Gökay G Deste , Durkan R , Oyar P 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT

Aim:
This study aims to comparatively evaluate the flexural strength, internal adaptation, elastic modulus, and maximum deflection of a newly introduced, strengthened injection-molded semi-flexed polyamide resin (Deflex) and a conventional heat-cured resin containing cross-linking polymethyl methacrylate denture base polymers (QC-20).

Materials and Methods:
A vinyl polysiloxane film replicating the gap between the denture base and the metallic master model of an edentulous maxilla was weighed using an analytical balance with an accuracy of 0.0001 g for the measurement of internal adaptation. The measurements were performed immediately after surface finishing. Seven rectangular test samples measuring 65 × 10 × 3.3 mm3 were set up for flexural strength test. Flexural strength test (three-point bending test) was performed using a universal machine under axial load at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min. One-way ANOVA (α = 0.05) following by t tests was utilized in statistical analysis.

Results:
The difference between the flexural strength of the denture base resins of Deflex and QC-20 was found to be statistically significant. The injection-molded resin demonstrated better internal adaptation compared to the conventional heat-polymerized resin. Evaluation of the physical test results revealed that the polyamide samples were more flexible than polymethyl methacrylate and did not break during flexural strength tests.

Conclusion:
Some properties of denture base resins, such as resin types, internal adaptation, and mechanical strength, may play a significant role in clinical performance of complete dentures and removable partial prostheses. Because of the superior flexural strength properties and internal adaptation characteristics, Deflex may prove to be a useful alternative to conventional denture base resin.
İNFERTİL KADINLARIN GEBE KALMAK İÇİN UYGULADIKLARI GELENEKSEL UYGULAMALARIN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: BIÇAKÇI Hatice , TÜRK Rukiye 
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışma infertil kadınların gebe kalmak için tedavi amacıyla uyguladıkları geleneksel uygulamaların belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı özellikteki bu çalışma Türkiye’nin doğusunda bir şehir merkezinde merkezde Ocak 2017- Aralık 2017 tarihlerinde yapılmıştır. Örnekleme kartopu yöntemiyle ulaşılan gönüllü tüm infertil kadınlar çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veriler araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan anket formuyla toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesi, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 21 (SPSS) paket programında yapılmış, verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan kadınların tamamı geleneksel uygulamaların en az birini yapmış oldukları belirlenmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan kadınların %4,2’i 15-24 yaş aralığında, %64,6’sı 25-34 yaş aralığında, %31,3’ü de 35-44 yaş aralığında yer almaktadır. Kadınların yalnızca % 25 ‘i çalışmakta, %60,4 aylık gelirlerini kötü olarak algıladıkları belirlenmiştir. Kadınların %100’ü adakta bulunmuş, %70,8’i yatırda yiyecek dağıtmış, %52,1’i taş, çay, ebe gümeci, peynir şıratı pekmez buharına oturma yöntemini kullanmış oldukları belirlenmiştir. Kadınların %35,4’ü çeşitli otlar, baharat, sarımsak ve bal mumundan fitil yaparak vajen içine uyguladıkları, %52,9’u okunmuş su ile % 25’i şıratla banyo yapma yöntemini kullandıkları belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç ve Önerileri: İnfertil kadınların geleneksel yöntem uygulama olasılıkları çocuk sahibi olamama yıllarının artışına, geleneksel ailede yaşama durumlarına, çalışmama durumlarına göre artış gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Geleneksel yöntem uygulamaları nedeniyle oluşabilecek komplikasyonlar bakımından farkındalık çalışmaları ve eğitim programlarının toplum bazında artırılması önerilir.
Effect of Categorizing EFL Shaqra University Students' Writing Errors on Writing Improvement
Authors: Majzoub Islam 
Published: December 2021

This paper aims at using a strategy of categorizing EFL Shaqra University students' writing errors and identifying its effect in improving students' writing. The study hypothesized that categorizing students' errors into main headings related to the types of error, frequencies of error, examples of errors, and causes of errors will provide precise insight into the nature of students' errors. Moreover, providing students with models to read and extract the difficult vocabularies from them, understanding their meanings, and using them in their writing will improve students' writing. Hence, the researcher gave 65 female students a title to write about in lecture number one as a pre-test. The title was "women driving in Saudi Arabia", and in lecture number eleven, she gave them a post-tester in the same title after applying the hypothesized teaching strategy. The findings of students' essay analysis in the pre-test proved that students had many grammatical and lexical mistakes but in the post-test the students writing improved significantly in terms of style, diction, developing ideas, spelling, and punctuation. Even their errors decreased from 936 errors in the pre-test to 57 errors in the post-test which indicates the success of the teaching strategy adopted by the researcher. Accordingly, the researcher recommended that: firstly, instructors should categorize their students' writing errors to have a clear insight into the nature of their students' errors hence specifying much time in explaining the areas of students' weaknesses. Secondly, instructors should provide students with a well-written model to read; and then ask them to criticize those reading models. The students will learn through criticizing and imitating the style of reading models. Moreover, the instructors of Shaqraa should specify much time explaining morphology since it was the branch that the students make many errors in it.
OTRAS FORMAS DE GOBIERNO JUDICIAL EN ESTADOS COMPUESTOS. LOS CASOS DE ITALIA Y LOS ESTADOS UNIDOS DE AMÉRICA
Authors: SAIZ GARITAONANDIA ALBERTO 
Published: December 2021

En el presente trabajo se realiza un análisis de la distinta manera en
la que se ha abordado la cuestión del gobierno del Poder Judicial en dos Estados
compuestos como son Italia y los Estados Unidos de América. De forma previa, y
con el objeto de poder comprender de un modo más adecuado el tema principal, se
estudian sucintamente diferentes cuestiones relativas a la Administración de Justicia
en esos países, con especial énfasis en la estructuración y disposición de los
distintos tribunales que nos podemos encontrar en los mismos. Finalmente, se
efectúa una somera valoración de los sistemas a la luz de la independencia judicial,
como principio básico en el funcionamiento y regulación de todos los órganos de
la Administración de Justicia y, especialmente, de sus instituciones de gobierno.
Bi herrialde konposatutan, Italian eta Ameriketako Estatu Batuetan,
Botere Judizialaren gobernua bakoitzak bere erara nola landu duten aztertu
eta azalduko du lan honetan. Aurretik, eta gai nagusia hobeto ulertarazteko, herrialde
horietako justizia-administrazioari buruzko hainbat gai jorratuko ditu, bereziki
erreparatuta herrialde horietan dauzkaten epaitegi ezberdinen egiturari eta
disposizioari. Azkenik, bi sistemen balorazio azalekoa egingo du, independentzia
judizialaren ikuspegitik, etsita hori dela justizia-administrazioaren organo guztien
funtzionamenduaren eta erregulazioaren oinarrizko printzipioa, batez ere, gobernuaren
erakundeena.
This works deals with the analysis of the different ways by which
composite States like Italy or United States of America have tackled the ruling of
the judicial branch. Previously, and with the purpose of a better understanding of
the principal topic, several questions related to the Judiciary in those countries are
concisely studied, stressing the structure and organization of their different courts.
Finally, a brief evaluation of the systems is carried out in the light of the judicial independence
as a basic principle for their functioning and regulation of all judiciary
bodies, and specially their ruling institutions.