bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Baicalin Enhanced Oral Bioavailability of Sorafenib in Rats by Inducing Intestine Absorption
Authors: Wei Jingyao , Liu Ruijuan , Zhang Jiali , Liu Shuaibing , Yan Dan , Wen Xueqian , Tian Xin 
Published: November 2021

Background: Sorafenib (SOR) is an oral, potent, selective, irreversible epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) used as the first-line therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Baicalin (BG) is used as adjuvant therapy for hepatitis, which accounts for the leading cause of the development of HCC, and is commonly coadministered with SOR in clinic. The purpose of the current study was to characterize the pharmacokinetic changes of SOR and the potential mechanism when SOR is administered concomitantly with BG in rats for single and multiple doses.Methods: Parallel randomized pharmacokinetic studies were performed in rats which received SOR (50 mg/kg, i.g.) alone or coadministered with BG (160 mg/kg, i.g.) for single and multiple doses (7 days). Plasma SOR levels were quantified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Rat liver microsomes (RLMs) which isolated from their livers were analyzed for CYP3A and SOR metabolism activities. The inhibitory effect of BG on the metabolism of SOR was also assessed in pooled human liver microsomes (HLMs). The effects of BG on the intestine absorption behaviors of SOR were assessed in the in situ single-pass rat intestinal perfusion model.Results: Coadministration with BG (160 mg/kg, i.g.) for single or multiple doses significantly increased the Cmax, AUC0–t, and AUC0–∞ of orally administered SOR by 1.68-, 1.73-, 1.70-fold and 2.02-, 1.65-, 1.66- fold in male rats and by 1.85-, 1.68-, 1.68-fold and 1.57-, 1.25-, 1.24- fold in female rats, respectively (p &lt; 0.01 or p &lt; 0.05). In vitro incubation assays demonstrated that there were no significant differences of Km, Vmax, and CLint of 1-OH MDZ and SOR N-oxide in RLMs between control and multiple doses of BG-treated groups. BG has no obvious inhibitory effects on the metabolism of SOR in HLMs. In comparison with SOR alone, combining with BG significantly increased the permeability coefficient (Peff) and absorption rate constant (Ka) of the SOR in situ single-pass rat intestinal perfusion model.Conclusion: Notably enhanced oral bioavailability of SOR by combination with BG in rats may mainly account for BG-induced SOR absorption. A greater understanding of potential DDIs between BG and SOR in rats makes major contributions to clinical rational multidrug therapy in HCC patients. Clinical trials in humans and HCC patients need to be further confirmed in the subsequent study.
Modeling and Simulation of Low Current Atmospheric and High-Pressure Helium Plasma Discharges
Authors: Maharaj Avinash , D’Angola Antonio , Colonna Gianpiero , Iwarere Samuel A. 
Published: November 2021

A plasma discharge in a Helium gas reactor at different pressures and at low currents (0.25–0.45 A) has been investigated by Computational Fluid Dynamic modeling coupled with the Maxwell’s equations. The results show different discharge dynamics across the pressure range (0.1–8 MPa), with an arc discharge obtained at high pressure and a low current arc discharge observed at atmospheric pressure. A large density gradient at higher pressure causes a strong natural convection effect in the reactor. This density gradient affects drastically the discharge shape and the velocity field at high pressures while at atmospheric pressure, a lower density gradient was observed resulting in a low velocity magnitude. It has been observed that the velocity magnitude is not affected by the electric current. The discharge electric potential has been calculated by considering the electrical characterization of the electrodes and numerical results have been compared with experimental results. The comparison shows a good agreement between the measured and calculated discharge electric potential at lower pressures. These devices can be used as plasma sources for wastewater treatment.
Altered Fecal Microbiota Signatures in Patients With Anxiety and Depression in the Gastrointestinal Cancer Screening: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Zhu Juan , Li Minjuan , Shao Dantong , Ma Shanrui , Wei Wenqiang 
Published: November 2021

Background: Increasing attention has been devoted to cancer screening and microbiota in recent decades, but currently there is less focus on microbiota characterization among screeners and its relationship to anxiety and depression.Methods: We characterized the microbial communities of fecal samples collected through the FOBT card from anxiety and depression screeners and paired controls in Henan, China (1:2, N = 69). DNA was extracted using the MOBIO PowerSoil kit. The V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using MiniSeq and processed using QIIME1. LEfSe was used to identify differentially abundant microbes, the Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to test alpha diversity differences, and permutational multivariate analysis of variance was used to test for differences in beta diversity.Results: Similar fecal microbiota signatures in composition were found among screeners. The intestinal microbial environments by phylum were all composed primarily of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria, and the corresponding top genera were Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, and Prevotella. Compared with controls, the ranking of the top five genera in the anxiety and depression group changed, and the dominant genus was Prevotella in the anxiety and depression group and Faecalibacterium in the control group. There was a lower relative abundance of Gemmiger (1.4 vs. 2.3%, P = 0.025), Ruminococcus (0.6 vs. 0.8%, P = 0.037), and Veillonella (0.6 vs. 1.3%, P = 0.020). This may be linked to the lower alpha diversity in participants with anxiety and depression (Observed OTUs: 122.35 vs. 143.24; Chao1: 127.35 vs. 149.98), although no significant differences were observed. Distinct clustering in microbial composition between the two groups was detected for the Jaccard distance (P = 0.011).Conclusions: Our study showed differing microbial characterization among participants with anxiety and depression in the endoscopic screening of upper gastrointestinal cancer. Gemmiger, Ruminococcus, and Veillonella were informative and have potential clinical implications, which need to be confirmed by large-scale, prospective cohort studies and biological mechanism research.
Effects of Polyphenol Supplementations on Improving Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in Patients With Depression
Authors: Lin Kelly , Li Yanni , Toit Eugene Du , Wendt Lauren , Sun Jing 
Published: November 2021

Background: Increased prevalence of mental disorders has become a significant public health concern. Recent studies have linked nutrition to depression and anxiety, suggesting that dietary changes or nutritional supplementation may be beneficial in improving mental disorders. Polyphenols have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that may counteract physiological changes in depression and anxiety. This study examined the effectiveness of polyphenol supplementation in improving depression, anxiety and quality of life (QoL).Methods: Randomized controlled trials in English and with polyphenol supplementation as the intervention were searched. The primary outcome was depression, and secondary outcomes were anxiety and QoL. Only studies of at least moderate quality based on the Physiotherapy Evidence Database tool were included. Comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis were then used to determine the effect of polyphenol supplementations on improving depression, anxiety and quality of life (QoL) in patients with depression.Results: Nineteen studies with 1,523 participants were included; 18 studies (n = 1,523) were included in the depression meta-analysis, and 5 (n = 188) and 6 (n = 391) in the QoL and anxiety meta-analyses, respectively. Twelve of the 18 studies found significant improvements in depression with polyphenol use, while the meta-analyses results also indicated that polyphenol supplementation significantly improved depression score as compared to control conditions (MD: −2.280, 95% CI: −1.759, −0.133, I2 = 99.465). Although subgroup analyses were conducted a significantly high heterogeneity was still found amongst subgroups. Only 2 of the 5 studies found significant improvements in QoL following polyphenol supplementation and meta-analyses found that polyphenol use did not benefit QoL (MD: −1.344, p &lt; 0.05, I2 = 55.763). For anxiety, 5 of the 6 studies found significant reductions in depression score following polyphenol use but meta-analyses found no significant differences in anxiety score (MD: −0.705, CI: −1.897, 0.487, I2 = 84.06) between polyphenol supplementation and control.Conclusion: The results suggest that polyphenol supplementation is effective in improving depression. Physical illness may act as a risk factor that worsens depression, suggesting the need for preventative supplementation to improve depression. Polyphenol types may have varying effects, which suggests that different populations with depression may benefit from different polyphenols.
Self-Reported Obsession Toward COVID-19 Preventive Measures Among Undergraduate Medical Students During the Early Phase of Pandemic in Jordan
Authors: Al-Shatanawi Tariq N. , Sakka Samir A. , Kheirallah Khalid A. , Al-Mistarehi Abdel-Hameed , Al-Tamimi Shawkat , Alrabadi Nasr , Alsulaiman Jomana , Al Khader Ali , Abdallah Farah , Tawalbeh Loai Issa , Saleh Tareq , Hijazi Waleed , Alnsour Ayham R. , Younes Nidal A. 
Published: November 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its associated precautionary measures have substantial impacts not only on the medical, economic, and social context but also on psychological health. This study aimed to assess the obsession toward COVID-19 preventive measures among undergraduate medical students during the early phase of the pandemic in Jordan.Methods: Online questionnaires were distributed between March 16, 2020 and March 19, 2020. Socio-demographic characteristics were collected, and self-reported obsession toward COVID-19 preventive measures was assessed using a single question.COVID-19 knowledge, risk perception, and precautionary measures were evaluated using scales. Using the chi-square test, Student t-test, and one-way ANOVA, we assessed the differences in the obsession of students with socio-demographic characteristics and scores of the scales.Results: A total of 1,404 participants (60% were female participants) completed the survey with a participation rate of 15.6%. Obsession with preventive measures was reported by 6.8%. Obsession was significantly more common among women (9.2%) than men (3.3%) and students who attended COVID-19 lectures (9.5%) than those who did not attend such lectures (5.8%) (p &lt; 0.001 and p = 0.015, respectively). Obsessed participants reported significantly higher levels of COVID-19 knowledge (p = 0.012) and precautionary measures (p &lt; 0.001). COVID-19 risk perception had a mild effect size difference but with no statistical significance (p = 0.075). There were no significant differences in the academic levels of participants (p = 0.791) and universities (p = 0.807) between students who were obsessed and those who were not.Conclusions: Obsession is one of the significant but unspoken psychological effects of COVID-19 precautionary measures among undergraduate medical students. Medical schools should be equipped with means to handle pandemic psychological effects.
Modified Systemic Inflammation Score Is an Independent Predictor of Long-Term Outcome in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagogastric Junction
Authors: Xiong Jianping , Kang Wenzhe , Ma Fuhai , Liu Hao , Ma Shuai , Li Yang , Jin Peng , Hu Haitao , Tian Yantao 
Published: November 2021

Background: The modified systemic inflammation score (mSIS), which is calculated by a composite score of the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and the albumin content in serum, is identified as the new score to predict the prognosis for various cancers. However, its significance for patients with adenocarcinoma of esophagogastric junction (AEJ), who receive surgery, remains unclear.Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 317 patients with AEJ receiving surgery between September 2010 and December 2016. The associations between the mSIS and the clinicopathological features, overall survival (OS), as well as relapse-free survival (RFS), were assessed. In addition, the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (t-ROC) curve analysis was performed for comparing the value of those scoring systems in predicting patient prognosis.Results: Of the 317 cases, 119 were rated as mSIS 0, 123 as mSIS 1, and 75 as mSIS 2. Besides, mSIS was significantly related to age and tumor size. On multivariate analysis, mSIS was identified as a predictor to independently predict OS (p &lt; 0.001) along with RFS (p &lt; 0.001), and a significantly strong correlation was observed at the advanced pTNM stages based on the mSIS system. In the subgroup analysis of adjuvant chemotherapy and surgery alone, mSIS was still the predictor for independently predicting patient OS (p &lt; 0.001) together with RFS (p &lt; 0.001) for the two groups. T-ROC analysis showed that mSIS was more accurate than controlling nutritional status score in predicting OS and RFS.Conclusions: The mSIS can serve as an easy, useful scoring system to independently predict the preoperative survival for AEJ cases undergoing surgery.
Dietary Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus subtilis Promote Goose Growth by Improving Intestinal Structure and Function, Antioxidative Capacity and Microbial Composition
Authors: Yu Jie , Dong Biao , Zhao Minmeng , Liu Long , Geng Tuoyu , Gong Daoqing , Wang Jian 
Published: November 2021

Probiotics are a substitute for antibiotics in the sense of intestinal health maintenance. Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus subtilis, as probiotic bacteria, have been widely used in animal production. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the two probiotic bacteria in geese. A total of 288 1-day old, healthy Yangzhou geese were randomly assigned into 4 groups (A, B, C and D) with 6 replicates of 12 birds each. Group A, as control, was fed a basal diet, and the treatment groups (B, C and D) were fed the basal diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg Clostridium butyricum (the viable count was 3.0 × 106 CFU/g), 250 mg/kg Bacillus subtilis (the viable count was 2.0 × 107 CFU/g), or a combination of the two probiotic bacteria for 70 days, respectively. The results indicated that: compared with the control group, dietary probiotics (1) promoted the growth and feed intake of the geese, (2) increased the absolute weight of duodenum, (3) increased the antioxidative capacity (total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX)) of intestinal mucosa, (4) improved intestinal morphology (the ratio of villus height to crypt depth), (5) but did not induce inflammation and changes of tight junction in the intestine, which was indicated by no induction of pro/inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNFAIP3) and tight junction related genes (TJP1 and OCLN). Moreover, dietary probiotics increased the relative abundances of Firmicutes phylum and Lactobacillus genus and decreased the relative abundances of Proteobacteria phylum or Ralstonia genus in the intestinal content. In addition, the alpha diversity (observed species, Chao1, and estimate the number of OTUs in the community(ACE)) was reduced and the predicted functions of intestinal microflora, including peptidases, carbon fixation and metabolic function of starch and sugar, were enhanced by dietary probiotics. In conclusion, dietary probiotics promote the growth of geese by their positive effects on intestinal structure and function, the composition and functions of gut microflora, and intestinal antioxidative capacity.
New Species of Tomentella (Thelephorales, Basidiomycota) from Temperate Continental Mountain Climate of China (Xinjiang Region)
Authors: Lu Xu , Yuan Hai-Sheng 
Published: November 2021

Species in the genus Tomentella are distributed throughout the temperate and tropical regions worldwide, but few studies associated with the taxonomy and phylogeny of this genus had been reported from Northwest China. In this paper, molecular phylogenetic analyses of the nuclear ribosomal ITS (internal transcribed spacer: ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and LSU (large subunit: 28S) sequences combined with morphological characteristics identified three new species from Xinjiang Autonomous Region in Northwest China, which were named T. aurantispora, T. kanasensis, and T. schrenkiana. Similar macromorphological and anatomical characteristics are shared by these new species: arachnoid basidiocarps; byssoid sterile margins; utriform basidia with a clamp connection at the base; the absence of rhizomorphs and cystidia; and slightly thick-walled, subglobose to globose basidiospores. Among these new species, the color of the hymenophoral surface, the size of the basidiospores, and some other features can be used for species delimitation. The new species and closely related species in the phylogenetic tree were discussed, and a key to the identified species of Tomentella from China was provided.
Agave and Opuntia Species as Sustainable Feedstocks for Bioenergy and Byproducts
Authors: Honorato-Salazar José Amador , Aburto Jorge , Amezcua-Allieri Myriam Adela 
Published: November 2021

Currently, Mexico is facing an energy transition, therefore updated policy regulations pertaining to the sustainable use of biomass are needed. In particular, policy that favors the sustainable use of biomass to produce energy and bioproducts to privilege climate change mitigation is needed. This review describes the use of maguey (Agave spp.) and nopal (Opuntia spp.; also known as “cactus”) for biofuel production, especially in marginal areas. Emphasis is given on documented case studies discussing features of production and cultivation for both maguey and nopal, in addition to their potential for fuel production. Environmental and social sustainability issues in terms of waste value and new opportunities as bioenergy feedstocks and byproducts are also discussed. Although the paper does not deeply describe aspects of biomass transformation, such as bioprocess configurations, it gives characteristics of production in addition to cultivation. Agave and Opuntia species may represent a suitable feedstock for biofuels, bioproducts, bioenergy and biorefineries, especially in dry lands (semi-arid and dry sub-humid), deforested areas, agroforestry systems and agricultural semi-terraces known as metepantle in Mexico.
PENERAPAN ALGORITMA K-NEAREST NEIGHBORS PADA KLASIFIKASI PENENTUAN GIZI BALITA (STUDI KASUS DI POSYANDU DESA BLUTO)
Authors: Wahyudi Rizal , Orisa Mira , Vendyansyah Nurlaily 
Published: November 2021

Di Indonesia kekurangan gizi balita masih banyak di jumpai di berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Gizi merupakan faktor utama dari kualitas sumber daya manusia. Sangat diperlukan setiap orang tua jika ingin balita tumbuh kembang anak maksimal. Pada posyandu Di Desa Bluto proses pendataan dan penentuan status gizi balita di lakukan secara manual dengan mencatat pada buku. Maka perlu adanya sistem yang memadai untuk memproses penentuan gizi tersebut sehingga proses dapat berjalan dengan baik dan tepat.
Sistem yang dibuat menerapkan metode algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor untuk proses klasifikasi penentuan gizi balita dengan adanya sistem ini dapat membantu para petugas posyandu untuk mengolah data dan menentukan gizi balita apakah termasuk gizi baik, kurang gizi, gizi buruk, dan obesitas. Sistem ini dirancang dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman php dan phpMyadmin sebagai database sistem ini berbasi website.
Berdasarkan hasil pengujian semua fitur yang ada pada website berjalan dengan baik. Sistem dapat menentukan klasifikasi penentuan status gizi. Pada perhitungan yang telah dilakukan secara manual dengan Microsoft Excel hasil sesuai dengan hasil perhitungan yang ada pada Sistem website Klasifikasi status gizi. Bahwa metode K-Nearest Neighbor pada klasifikasi penentuan gizi balita dengan uji akurasi confusion matrix nilai klasifikasi Berdasarkan dari hasil pengujian akurasi terhadap nilai K = 3 dan K = 5 dapat di lihat nilai akurasi yang di peroleh terdapat perbedaan nilai akurasi. Berdasarkan uji coba yang dilakukan terhadap 25 data uji nilai akurasi K = 3 mempunyai akurasi 88% dan nilai K = 5 mempunyai nilai akurasi 84%. Nilai akurasi akan berkurang dengan bertambahnya nilai K. Di harapkan sistem ini dapat membantu para petugas posyandu dalam mengolah data dan menentukan status gizi.
PENERAPAN METODE K MEANS PADA SISTEM INFORMASI AKADEMIK UNTUK PENGELOMPOKKAN SISWA BERPRESTASI DI UPT SMA NEGERI 3 KOTA PASURUAN BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Prayoga Yudono , Mahmudi Ali , Zulfia Zahro' Hani 
Published: November 2021

Pada dunia Pendidikan dituntut untuk memiliki kemampuan bersaing dengan memanfaatkan sumber daya yang sudah ada. Selain sumberdaya sarana, prasarana, dan juga manusia, sumber sistem informasi merupakan salah satu sumber daya yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan bersaing. Dikutip pada penelitian sebelumnya, Fitri Larasati Sibuea dan Andy Sapta tentang Pemetaan Siswa Berprestasi menggunakan Metode K Means Clustering, memiliki tujuan untuk memetakan siswa berprestasi. Sedangkan tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu penerapan metode K Means clustering pada Sistem Informasi Akademik SMA 3 Pasuruan untuk pengelompokkan siswa berprestasi.
Metode K Means merupakan metode yang bertujuan untuk pengelompokkan yang berada di sekumpulan data yang diwakili oleh variabel K, dimana vareiabel K merupakan jumlah cluster yang akan ditentukan. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan 3 cluster yaitu siswa berprestasi, kurang berprestasi, dan tidak berprestasi.
Pada pengujian metode penelitian ini mendapatkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan antara perhitungan manual menggunakan software excell dengan perhitungan sistem sebesar 89% sesuai serta 11% tidak sesuai dengan kinerja sistem, dimana untuk pengujian browser yaitu pada Google Chrome 91.0.472.106 (official Build) (64), untuk Microsoft Edge 91.0.864.54 (Official Build) (64), dan Mozilla Firefox 89 dapat bekerja sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Untuk pengujian pengguna sistem yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan 25 orang yang terdapat pada kuisioner 84% memilih setuju, 12% memilih kurang setuju, 4% memilih tidak setuju.
Untuk kedepannya diharapkan aplikasi ini dapat digunakan di mobile sehingga dapat dipantau kapan saja dan dapat digunakan secara fleksible dimana dapat mengikuti cara penilaian yang baru serta dapat menampilkan bentuk diagram sebagai visualisasi data dari hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan.