bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postdiction: When Temporal Regularity Drives Space Perception through Prestimulus Alpha Oscillations
Authors: Grabot Laetitia , Kayser Christoph , van Wassenhove Virginie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn postdiction, the last stimulus of a sequence changes the perception of the preceding stimuli. Postdiction has been reported in all sensory modalities, but its neural underpinnings remain poorly understood. In the rabbit illusion, a sequence of nonequidistant stimuli presented isochronously is perceived as equidistantly spaced. This illusion might be driven by an internal prior favoring a constant-speed motion. Here, we hypothesized that prestimulus alpha oscillations (8–12 Hz), known to correlate with perceptual expectations and biases, would reflect the degree to which perceptual reports are influenced by a constant-speed prior. Human participants were presented with ambiguous visual sequences while being recorded simultaneously with MEG and EEG: the same sequences yielded an illusory perception in about half the trials, allowing contrasting brain responses elicited by identical sequences causing distinct percepts. As a proxy of an individual’s prior, we used the percentage of perceived illusion and the detection criterion, assuming that a strong constant-speed prior would result in a higher rate of illusory percepts. We found that high frontoparietal alpha power was associated with perceiving the sequence according to the individual’s prior: participants with high susceptibility to the illusion would report the illusion, while participants with low susceptibility would report the veridical sequence. Additionally, we found that prestimulus alpha phase in occipitoparietal regions dissociated illusion from no-illusion trials. We interpret our results as suggesting that alpha power reflects an individual’s constant-speed prior, whereas alpha phase modulates sensory uncertainty.
GABAergic Inhibition of Presynaptic Ca2+Transients in Respiratory PreBötzinger Neurons in Organotypic Slice Cultures
Authors: Daniel Gómez Carlos , Rasmussen Camilla Mai , Rekling Jens C. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGABAergic somatodendritic inhibition in the preBötzinger complex (preBötC), a medullary site for the generation of inspiratory rhythm, is involved in respiratory rhythmogenesis and patterning. Nevertheless, whether GABA acts distally on presynaptic terminals, evoking presynaptic inhibition is unknown. Here, we begin to address this problem by measuring presynaptic Ca2+transients in preBötC neurons, under rhythmic and non-rhythmic conditions, with two variants of genetically encoded Ca2+indicators (GECIs). Organotypic slice cultures from newborn mice, containing the preBötC, were drop-transduced with jGCaMP7s, or injected with jGCaMP7f-labeling commissural preBötC neurons. Then, Ca2+imaging combined with whole-cell patch-clamp or field stimulation was obtained from inspiratory preBötC neurons. We found that rhythmically active neurons expressed synchronized Ca2+transients in soma, proximal and distal dendritic regions, and punctate synapse-like structures. Expansion microscopy revealed morphologic characteristics of bona fide synaptic boutons of the en passant and terminal type. Under non-rhythmic conditions, we found that bath application of the GABAAreceptor agonist muscimol, and local microiontophoresis of GABA, reduced action potential (AP)-evoked and field stimulus-evoked Ca2+transients in presynaptic terminals in inspiratory neurons and commissural neurons projecting to the contralateral preBötC. In addition, under rhythmic conditions, network rhythmic activity was suppressed by muscimol, while the GABAAreceptor antagonist bicuculline completely re-activated spontaneous activity. These observations demonstrate that the preBötC includes neurons that show GABAergic inhibition of presynaptic Ca2+transients, and presynaptic inhibition may play a role in the network activity that underlies breathing.
C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Post-Translational Regulation of Pain-Related Acid-Sensing Ion Channels 1b and 3
Authors: Verkest Clément , Diochot Sylvie , Lingueglia Eric , Baron Anne 
Published: August 2021

Neuronal proton-gated acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) participate in the detection of tissue acidosis, a phenomenon often encountered in painful pathologic diseases. Such conditions often involve in parallel the activation of various signaling pathways such as mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) that ultimately leads to phenotype modifications of sensory neurons. Here, we identify one member of the MAPKs, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), as a new post-translational positive regulator of ASICs in rodent sensory neurons. Recombinant H+-induced ASIC currents in HEK293 cells are potently inhibited within minutes by the JNK inhibitor SP600125 in a subunit-dependent manner, targeting both rodent and human ASIC1b and ASIC3 subunits (except mouse ASIC3). The regulation by JNK of recombinant ASIC1b- and ASIC3-containing channels (homomers and heteromers) is lost on mutation of a putative phosphorylation site within the intracellular N- and the C-terminal domain of the ASIC1b and ASIC3 subunit, respectively. Moreover, short-term JNK activation regulates the activity of native ASIC1b- and ASIC3-containing channels in rodent sensory neurons and is involved in the rapid potentiation of ASIC activity by the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα. Local JNK activationin vivoin mice induces a short-term potentiation of the acid-induced cutaneous pain in inflammatory conditions that is partially blocked by the ASIC1-specific inhibitor mambalgin-1. Collectively, our data identify pain-related channels as novel physiological JNK substrates in nociceptive neurons and propose JNK-dependent phosphorylation as a fast post-translational mechanism of regulation of sensory-neuron-expressed ASIC1b- and ASIC3-containing channels that may contribute to peripheral sensitization and pain hypersensitivity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTASICs are a class of excitatory cation channels critical for the detection of tissue acidosis, which is a hallmark of several painful diseases. Previous work in sensory neurons has shown that ASICs containing the ASIC3 or the ASIC1b subunit are important players in different pain models. We combine here functional and pharmacologicalin vitroandin vivoapproaches to demonstrate that the MAP Kinase JNK is a potent post-translational positive regulator, probablyviadirect phosphorylation, of rodent and human ASIC1b- and ASIC3-containing channels. This JNK-dependent, fast post-translational mechanism of regulation of sensory-neuron-expressed ASICs may contribute to peripheral sensitization and pain hypersensitivity. These data also identify pain-related channels as direct downstream effectors of JNK in nociceptors.
Quantification of androgens and their precursors in full-term human placenta
Authors: Yoshida Tomoko , Matsumoto Kenji , Miyado Mami , Miyashiro Yoshimichi , Sago Haruhiko , Horikawa Reiko , Fukami Maki 
Published: August 2021

Introduction
The two major androgens in humans are testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHT is produced via the classical, backdoor, and alternative steroidogenic pathways. In addition, recent studies have identified C11-oxy C19 steroids as novel human androgens. Although the placenta is known to be involved in steroid metabolism, androgen levels in full-term placentas have poorly been investigated.

Subjects and methods
Ten placentas of healthy full-term neonates (five males and five females) were examined. We quantified progesterone, androstenedione (A4), T, allopregnanolone, androsterone, and estradiol, as well as four C11-oxy androgens (11β-hydroxyandrostenedione, 11β-hydroxytestosterone, 11-ketoandrostenedione (11KA4), and 11-ketotestosterone (11KT)), using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Results
In all samples, levels of the ten steroids were above the detection limit. Progesterone was by far most abundant, while levels of T and androsterone were relatively low. Levels of 11KT and 11KA4 were higher than those of T and A4, respectively. There were no differences in steroid levels between male and female samples.

Discussion
This study demonstrates that full-term placentas contain several steroids in the classical, backdoor, and alternative pathways. Placentas are likely to function as the supplier of progesterone to other steroidogenic tissues. More importantly, we found that placentas comprise relatively large amounts of 11KA4 and 11KT, which may be produced through steroid transfer from the adrenal gland or from the maternal circulation. These results indicate that the placenta participates in a feto-maternal multi-organ network for androgen biosynthesis.
Preterm or Early Term Birth and Risk of Autism
Authors: Crump Casey , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina 
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVESPreterm birth has been linked with increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, potential causality, sex-specific differences, and association with early term birth are unclear. We examined whether preterm and early term birth are associated with ASD in a large population-based cohort.METHODSA national cohort study was conducted of all 4 061 795 singleton infants born in Sweden during 1973–2013 who survived to age 1 year, who were followed-up for ASD identified from nationwide outpatient and inpatient diagnoses through 2015. Poisson regression was used to determine prevalence ratios for ASD associated with gestational age at birth, adjusting for confounders. Cosibling analyses were used to assess the influence of unmeasured shared familial (genetic and/or environmental) factors.RESULTSASD prevalences by gestational age at birth were 6.1% for extremely preterm (22–27 weeks), 2.6% for very to moderate preterm (28–33 weeks), 1.9% for late preterm (34–36 weeks), 2.1% for all preterm (&lt;37 weeks), 1.6% for early term (37–38 weeks), and 1.4% for term (39–41 weeks). The adjusted prevalence ratios comparing extremely preterm, all preterm, or early term versus term, respectively, were 3.72 (95% confidence interval, 3.27–4.23), 1.35 (1.30–1.40), and 1.11 (1.08–1.13) among boys and 4.19 (3.45–5.09), 1.53 (1.45–1.62), and 1.16 (1.12–1.20) among girls (P &lt; .001 for each). These associations were only slightly attenuated after controlling for shared familial factors.CONCLUSIONSIn this national cohort, preterm and early term birth were associated with increased risk of ASD in boys and girls. These associations were largely independent of covariates and shared familial factors, consistent with a potential causal relationship.
Fulfillment of the Principle of Justice in Making Birth Certificates for Children Born Outside of Legal Marriage Between Both Parents
Authors: Purwasaputri RR. Alysia Gita , Sudarsono Sudarsono , Fadli Moh. 
Published: August 2021

The problem in this study is related to the fulfillment of the principle of justice in making birth certificates intended for children born outside of marriage which is carried out legally between the two parents. This article is normative juridical research with a statutory and conceptual approach. The results of this legal research show that the principle of justice for illegitimate children can be fulfilled by adjusting the provisions regarding the making and issuance of birth certificates for illegitimate children based on the provisions on the status of illegitimate children in the Indonesia Constitutional Court Decision Number: 46/PUU-VIII/2010. Its cause in contrast to the provisions of the Indonesia Marriage Law regarding the distributive status of children outside of marriage, justice for children in the provisions of the status of children outside of marriage in the Indonesia Constitutional Court Decision Number: 46/PUU-VIII/2010 is more commutative. Furthermore, the provisions regarding the status of children out of wedlock in the Constitutional Court Decision Number: 46/PUU-VIII/2010 are teleologically more able to provide benefits and fulfill the purpose of establishing the rule of law and in line with the principle of child protection, namely the best interests of the child. The decision of the Indonesia Constitutional Court Number: 46/PUU-VIII/2010 can be implemented by creating a civil relationship between the child out of wedlock and the biological father and the family of the father. In addition, the Indonesia Constitutional Court Decision Number: 46/PUU-VIII/2010 also has an impact on the administrative field, namely by being able to issue birth certificates for children out of wedlock by including the name of the biological father, so that it is not limited to only including the name of the biological mother.
UJI NILAI GIZI DAN KAPASITAS ANTIOKSIDAN PADA LOLOH TANAMAN CEMCEM (Spondias Pinnata (L.F) Kurz.) DAERAH DESA BEBALANG, KECAMATAN BANGLI, KABUPATEN BANGLI, BALI
Authors: Aryasa I Wayan Tanjung , Artini Ni Putu Rahayu , Juliari Putu Gede Ayu Erika 
Published: August 2021

Masyarakat Bali tentunya sudah tidak asing lagi dengan minuman penuh khasiat yang bernama Loloh Cemcem. Minuman khas desa terbersih di Bali, yakni Penglipuran, Bangli ini merupakan minuman sejenis jamu yang kini sudah tersohor di seluruh wilayah luar Bangli. Daun cemcem adalah tanaman herbal yang diolah sebagai bahan baku untuk membuat loloh cemcem. Mulai dari memetik daun cemcem, mencuci, kemudian dimasukan ke dalam mesin penggilingan selanjutnya disaring untuk mendapatkan sarinya. Loloh cemcem memiliki rasa asam, manis, asin dan sedikit pahit. Rasa asam dari loloh cemcem didapat dari komposisi tamarin alias buah asam. Kemudian rasa manis dan asin didapat dari komposisi gula juga garam. Sedangkan rasa pahit didapat dari daun cemcem. Dari latar belakang tersebut perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk melihat nilai gizi dan kapasitas antioksidan dar loloh cemcem. Untuk melakukan penelitian ini dialakukan dengan beberapa metode analisis untuk penentuan kadar protein mengggunakan metode Kjeldahl, penentuan kadar karbohidrat menggunakan metode anthrone, penentuan kadar lemak menggunakan metode titrasi, penentuan vitamin C menggunkan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis dan menentukan kapasitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH. Dari pengujian didapatkan hasil loloh cemecem 1 dan loloh cemcem 2 untuk kadar protein sebesar 0,7631% dan 0,7647%, untuk kadar karbohidrat sebesar 4,2779% dan 3,1700%, untuk kadar lemak sebesar 0,0087% dan 0,0017%, kadar vitamin C sebesar 26,7932 mg/100 g dan 27,0748 mg/100 g, dan kapasitas antioksidan sebesar 23,50 mg/L GAEAC dan 25,38 mg/L GAEAC.
Students’ Perspectives on Satisfaction with Distance Education in Ghana: A Cluster Analysis
Authors: Agyapong Kingsley 
Published: August 2021

This study sought to categorise students based on the preferences that influenced their choice of distance education program in Ghana. Questionnaires were used to collect data from 120 students taking part in the University of Education, Winneba (UEW) distance education (DE) programme at the Kumasi Girls Senior High School [SHS] Study Center. Respondents were segmented into three clusters (highly, moderately, and least satisfied) based on four preferences (price, quality, packaging, and social boding) that influenced their satisfaction with the distance education programme. Results from both hierarchical and non-hierarchical cluster analysis with squared Euclidean distance and Ward’s method showed that the highly satisfied cluster was driven by the quality of service and the competitive fees structure of the UEW distance education programme. Further analysis of the differences between the clusters indicated that satisfaction with the UEW distance programme significantly differs across the three segments.
Agronomic Performance and Flowering Behavior in Response to Photoperiod and Vernalization in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Genotypes with Contrasting Drought Tolerance Behavior
Authors: Abu-Elenein Jamal , Al-Sayaydeh Rabea , Akkeh Zahera , Al-Ajlouni Zakaria , Al-Bawalize AbdRaheem A. , Hasan Shireen , Alhindi Tareaq , Albdaiwi Randa , Ayad Jamal Y. , Al-Abdallat Ayed M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In dry environments, the appropriate matching of reproductive development with water availability is considered very crucial for crop success. In this study, the role of variations in flowering time and drought tolerance in selected barley genotypes with contrasting drought tolerance behavior was studied under field and controlled conditions. For this purpose, field trials were conducted for two consecutive seasons at three diverse locations where the studied genotypes were subjected to either rainfed conditions or rainfed plus supplementary irrigation under two different sowing dates. Furthermore, reproductive meristem development was assessed in two selected barley genotypes, Rum (drought tolerant) and Steptoe (drought-sensitive), in response to both vernalization and water stress under two different photoperiod conditions. Variation in the number of days to heading was more pronounced under rainfed conditions than under well-water conditions. For agronomic performance, Rum was superior under all tested environments, which assures its general adaptability to dry environments. Under controlled conditions, the transition to reproductive meristem was faster under vernalized long-day conditions compared to vernalized short-day conditions. The progress of shoot apical meristem development and heading under long-day conditions was significantly faster in Rum compared to Steptoe. A pronounced effect of drought stress was observed on shoot apical meristem development in Steptoe. Under short-day conditions, vernalized Rum plants subjected to drought showed an advanced meristem development stage and a significantly earlier heading compared to non-stressed plants. This early heading in stressed Rum plants under short-day conditions was accompanied by higher gene expression of the Vrn-H1 and Vrn-H3 genes. In conclusion, the integration of vernalization and photoperiod signals in drought-tolerant barley genotypes was associated with early flowering time and higher productivity in dry environments.
Modeling SARS-CoV-2 substitution processes: predicting the next variant
Authors: Hallak Keren Levinstein , Rosset Saharon 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We build statistical models to describe the substitution process in the SARS-CoV-2 as a function of explanatory factors describing the sequence, its function, and more. These models serve two different purposes: first, to gain knowledge about the evolutionary biology of the virus; and second, to predict future mutations in the virus, in particular, non-synonymous amino acid substitutions creating new variants. We use tens of thousands of publicly available SARS-CoV-2 sequences and consider tens of thousands of candidate models.
Through a careful validation process, we confirm that our chosen models are indeed able to predict new amino acid substitutions: candidates ranked high by our model are eight times more likely to occur than random amino acid changes. We also show that named variants of interest were highly ranked by our models before their appearance, emphasizing the value of our models for identifying likely variants of interest and potentially utilizing this knowledge in vaccine design and other aspects of the ongoing battle against COVID-19.
Ferulic Acid Inhibits Catamenial Epilepsy Through Modulation of Female Hormones
Authors: Dhillon Harleen Kaur , Singh Tanveer , Goel Rajesh Kumar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Approximately 40% of women with epilepsy experience perimenstrual seizure exacerbation, referred to as catamenial epilepsy. These seizures result from cyclic changes in circulating progesterone and estradiol levels and there is no effective treatment for this form of intractable epilepsy. We artificially increased progesterone levels and neurosteroid levels (pseudo-pregnancy) in adult Swiss albino female mice (19-23 g) by injecting them with pregnant mares' serum gonadotropin (5 IU s.c.), followed by human chorionic gonadotropin (5 IU s.c.) after 46 hours. After this, ferulic acid (25, 50, 100 mg/kg i.p.) treatment was observed for 10 days. During treatment, progesterone, estradiol, and corticosterone levels were estimated in blood on days 1, 5, and 10. Neurosteroid withdrawal was induced by finasteride (50 mg/kg, i.p.), a 5 α-reductase inhibitor on treatment day 9. Twenty-four hours after finasteride administration (day 10 of treatment), seizure susceptibility was evaluated with the sub-convulsant pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) dose (40 mg/kg i.p.). Four to six hours after PTZ, animals were assessed for depression like phenotypes using tail-suspension test (TST). Four to six hours following TST, animals were euthanized, and discrete brain parts (cortex and hippocampus) were separated for estimation of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine as well as glutamic acid decarboxylase enzyme activity. PMSG and HCG treatment elevated progesterone and estradiol levels, assessed on days 1, 5, and 10 causing a state of pseudo-pregnancy. Treatment with finasteride increases seizure susceptibility and depression-like characteristics possibly due to decreased progesterone levels and elevated estrogen levels coupled with decreased monoamine and elevated corticosterone levels. Ferulic acid treatment, on the other hand, significantly decreased seizure susceptibility and depression like behaviours, possibly as a result of increased progesterone, restored estradiol, corticosterone, monoamine, and glutamic acid decarboxylase enzyme activity. We concluded that ferulic acid exhibited antiepileptic effects in a mouse model of catamenial epilepsy and comorbid depression due to its restorative effects on circulating hormones and cerebral monoamine and glutamic acid decarboxylase enzyme activity.
Analysis of Genetic Variability and Agronomic Performance of Indian Lettuce (Lactuca Indica Linn.)
Authors: Oliya Bal Kumari , Kim Moon Young , Ha Jungmin , Lee Suk Ha 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Lactuca indica is a undomesticated medicinal crop in the Asteraceae family. Present study was carried out to identify elite genotype for cultivation and breeding improvement of lettuce. Data was recorded for 19 morphological and developmental traits across 38 accessions (Acc). In addition to this, the morphological cluster was compared with the simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker. The genotypic mean square variance was significant for all characters. The higher extent of genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation obtained for basal branch, leaf blade width, and node number. The broad-sense heritability (H2B) ranged from 45.85% (seed length) to 98.59% (node number), whereas genetic advance as a percentage of the mean (GAM%) ranged from 9.33 to 191. Vegetative characters such as node number, plant hight, basal branch were conjugated with high H2B and high GAM% indicating additive gene effect and selection of these traits based on phenotypic observation is effective for better gain. Reproductive traits, including bolting duration, flowering duration, and seed weight were linked with high H2B, and moderate GAM% trevealing that these traits are amenable to genetic improvement, these traits also showed a significant positive correlation. Acc 55 and 8 showed the best performance for the majority of the attributes could be good material for further research and breeding. In the Wards’ phylogenetic tree of morphological traits, accessions were clustered based on their phenotypic characters rather than the geographic origin. Morphological characteristics showed no or very week corelation with the SSR genotyped data.