bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide identification and expression profile analysis of trihelix transcription factor family genes in response to abiotic stress in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]
Authors: Li Kuiyin , Duan Lili , Zhang Yubo , Shi Miaoxiao , Chen Songshu , Yang Mingfang , Ding Yanqing , Peng Yashu , Dong Yabing , Yang Hao , Li Zhenhua , Zhang Liyi , Fan Yu , Ren Mingjian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundTranscription factors, including trihelix transcription factors, play vital roles in various growth and developmental processes and in abiotic stress responses in plants. Thetrihelixgene has been systematically studied in some dicots and monocots, includingArabidopsis,tomato, chrysanthemum, soybean, wheat, corn, rice, and buckwheat. However, there are no related studies on sorghum.ResultsIn this study, a total of 40 sorghum trihelix (SbTH) genes were identified based on the sorghum genome, among which 34 were located in the nucleus, 5 in the chloroplast, 1 (SbTH38) in the cytoplasm, and 1 (SbTH23) in the extracellular membrane. Phylogenetic analysis of theSbTHgenes andArabidopsisand ricetrihelixgenes indicated that the genes were clustered into seven subfamilies: SIP1, GTγ, GT1, GT2, SH4, GTSb8, and orphan genes. TheSbTHgenes were located in nine chromosomes and none on chromosome 10. One pair of tandem duplication gene and seven pairs of segmental duplication genes were identified in theSbTHgene family. By qPCR, the expression of 14 SbTH members in different plant tissues and in plants exposed to six abiotic stresses at the seedling stage were quantified. Except for the leaves in which the genes were upregulated after only 2 h exposure to high temperature, the 12 SbTHgenes were significantly upregulated in the stems of sorghum seedlings after 24 h under the other abiotic stress conditions. Among the selected genes,SbTH10/37/39were significantly upregulated, whereasSbTH32was significantly downregulated under different stress conditions.ConclusionsIn this study, we identified 40 trihelix genes in sorghum and found that gene duplication was the main force drivingtrihelixgene evolution in sorghum. The findings of our study serve as a basis for further investigation of the functions ofSbTHgenes and providing candidate genes for stress-resistant sorghum breeding programmes and increasing sorghum yield.
Comprehensive genome-wide analysis of calmodulin-binding transcription activator (CAMTA) in Durio zibethinus and identification of fruit ripening-associated DzCAMTAs
Authors: Iqbal Zahra , Iqbal Mohammed Shariq , Sangpong Lalida , Khaksar Gholamreza , Sirikantaramas Supaart , Buaboocha Teerapong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Fruit ripening is an intricate developmental process driven by a highly coordinated action of complex hormonal networks. Ethylene is considered as the main phytohormone that regulates the ripening of climacteric fruits. Concomitantly, several ethylene-responsive transcription factors (TFs) are pivotal components of the regulatory network underlying fruit ripening. Calmodulin-binding transcription activator (CAMTA) is one such ethylene-induced TF implicated in various stress and plant developmental processes.

Results
Our comprehensive analysis of the CAMTA gene family in Durio zibethinus (durian, Dz) identified 10 CAMTAs with conserved domains. Phylogenetic analysis of DzCAMTAs, positioned DzCAMTA3 with its tomato ortholog that has already been validated for its role in the fruit ripening process through ethylene-mediated signaling. Furthermore, the transcriptome-wide analysis revealed DzCAMTA3 and DzCAMTA8 as the highest expressing durian CAMTA genes. These two DzCAMTAs possessed a distinct ripening-associated expression pattern during post-harvest ripening in Monthong, a durian cultivar native to Thailand. The expression profiling of DzCAMTA3 and DzCAMTA8 under natural ripening conditions and ethylene-induced/delayed ripening conditions substantiated their roles as ethylene-induced transcriptional activators of ripening. Similarly, auxin-suppressed expression of DzCAMTA3 and DzCAMTA8 confirmed their responsiveness to exogenous auxin treatment in a time-dependent manner. Accordingly, we propose that DzCAMTA3 and DzCAMTA8 synergistically crosstalk with ethylene during durian fruit ripening. In contrast, DzCAMTA3 and DzCAMTA8 antagonistically with auxin could affect the post-harvest ripening process in durian. Furthermore, DzCAMTA3 and DzCAMTA8 interacting genes contain significant CAMTA recognition motifs and regulated several pivotal fruit-ripening-associated pathways.

Conclusion
Taken together, the present study contributes to an in-depth understanding of the structure and probable function of CAMTA genes in the post-harvest ripening of durian.
Complement component 7 is associated with total- and cardiac death in chest-pain patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Aarsetøy Reidun , Ueland Thor , Aukrust Pål , Michelsen Annika E. , Leon de la Fuente Ricardo , Grundt Heidi , Staines Harry , Nygaard Ottar , Nilsen Dennis W. T. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Complement activation has been associated with atherosclerosis, atherosclerotic plaque destabilization and increased risk of cardiovascular events. Complement component 7 (CC7) binds to the C5bC6 complex which is part of the terminal complement complex (TCC/C5b-9). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is a sensitive marker of systemic inflammation and may reflect the increased inflammatory state associated with cardiovascular disease.

Aim
To evaluate the associations between CC7 and total- and cardiac mortality in patients hospitalized with chest-pain of suspected coronary origin, and whether combining CC7 with hsCRP adds prognostic information.

Methods
Baseline levels of CC7 were related to 60-months survival in a prospective, observational study of 982 patients hospitalized with a suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) at 9 hospitals in Salta, Argentina. A cox regression model, adjusting for conventional cardiovascular risk factors, was fitted with all-cause mortality, cardiac death and sudden cardiac death (SCD) as the dependent variables. A similar Norwegian population of 871 patients was applied to test the reproducibility of results in relation to total death.

Results
At follow-up, 173 patients (17.7%) in the Argentinean cohort had died, of these 92 (9.4%) were classified as cardiac death and 59 (6.0%) as SCD. In the Norwegian population, a total of 254 patients (30%) died. In multivariable analysis, CC7 was significantly associated with 60-months all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.26 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07–1.47) and cardiac death [HR 1.28 (95% CI 1.02–1.60)], but not with SCD. CC7 was only weakly correlated with hsCRP (r = 0.10, p = 0.002), and there was no statistically significant interaction between the two biomarkers in relation to outcome. The significant association of CC7 with total death was reproduced in the Norwegian population.

Conclusions
CC7 was significantly associated with all-cause mortality and cardiac death at 60-months follow-up in chest-pain patients with suspected ACS.

Clinical trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01377402, NCT00521976.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 19 upregulation correlates with an unfavorable prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Cai Xiaopeng , Deng Jingwen , zhou Jiaming , Cai Huiqiang , Chen Zhi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Cyclin-dependent kinase 19 (CDK19) is a component of the mediator coactivator complex, which is required for transcriptional activation. In this study, we utilized public databases and wet-bench hepatic cell line experiments to elucidate the potential roles of CDK19 in hepatocellular cancer (HCC).

Materials and methods
We studied the relationships between CDK19 expression and several clinical features related to HCC via the Oncomine and UALCAN databases. The prognostic value of CDK19 was tested using the Kaplan–Meier Plotter database. We presented the mutations of CDK19 and addressed the relation of CDK19 expression with immune cell infiltration by means of the cBioPortal, Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) and Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource (TIMER) databases. Hub genes were obtained and further analyzed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database. To test the in silico findings, we knocked down CDK19 with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) technology in two hepatic cell lines and conducted several functional characterization experiments.

Results
Marked CDK19 upregulation was found in HCC tissues versus normal liver tissues, and CDK19 mRNA expression had high diagnostic value in HCC patients. Subgroup analysis showed that CDK19 overexpression was associated with sex, tumor stage and TP53 mutation status. The prognostic value of CDK19 upregulation for overall survival (OS) was significant in patients with stage 2–3, stage 3–4, and grade 2 disease. One percent of the patients had CDK19 mutations, but no relationship between CDK19 mutation and prognosis was observed. CDK19 was positively correlated with the abundances of CD4 + T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. We identified 10 genes correlated with CDK19, 8 of which presented excellent prognostic value in HCC. These hub genes were directly involved in cell division and regulation of the G2/M cell cycle transition. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) and pathway predictions indicated that CDK19 is highly likely to be involved in several cellular functions, such as proliferation, migration, and invasion. These functions were strongly interfered from two independent hepatic cell lines after CDK19 knockdown.

Conclusions
CDK19 could be a prognostic marker in HCC, and its therapeutic potential in HCC needs further study.
Predicting unplanned hospital visits in older home care recipients: a cross-country external validation study
Authors: Klunder Jet H. , Bordonis Veronique , Heymans Martijn W. , van der Roest Henriëtte G. , Declercq Anja , Smit Jan H. , Garms-Homolova Vjenka , Jónsson Pálmi V. , Finne-Soveri Harriet , Onder Graziano , Joling Karlijn J. , Maarsingh Otto R. , van Hout Hein P. J. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Accurate identification of older persons at risk of unplanned hospital visits can facilitate preventive interventions. Several risk scores have been developed to identify older adults at risk of unplanned hospital visits. It is unclear whether risk scores developed in one country, perform as well in another. This study validates seven risk scores to predict unplanned hospital admissions and emergency department (ED) visits in older home care recipients from six countries.

Methods
We used the IBenC sample (n = 2446), a cohort of older home care recipients from six countries (Belgium, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Italy and The Netherlands) to validate four specific risk scores (DIVERT, CARS, EARLI and previous acute admissions) and three frailty indicators (CHESS, Fried Frailty Criteria and Frailty Index). Outcome measures were unplanned hospital admissions, ED visits or any unplanned hospital visits after 6 months. Missing data were handled by multiple imputation. Performance was determined by assessing calibration and discrimination (area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)).

Results
Risk score performance varied across countries. In Iceland, for any unplanned hospital visits DIVERT and CARS reached a fair predictive value (AUC 0.74 [0.68–0.80] and AUC 0.74 [0.67–0.80]), respectively). In Finland, DIVERT had fair performance predicting ED visits (AUC 0.72 [0.67–0.77]) and any unplanned hospital visits (AUC 0.73 [0.67–0.77]). In other countries, AUCs did not exceed 0.70.

Conclusions
Geographical validation of risk scores predicting unplanned hospital visits in home care recipients showed substantial variations of poor to fair performance across countries. Unplanned hospital visits seem considerably dependent on healthcare context. Therefore, risk scores should be validated regionally before applied to practice. Future studies should focus on identification of more discriminative predictors in order to develop more accurate risk scores.
Factors affecting missed nursing care in hospitalized frail older adults in the medical wards: a qualitative study
Authors: Rezaei-Shahsavarloo Zahra , Atashzadeh-Shoorideh Foroozan , Ebadi Abbas , Gobbens Robbert J. J. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Frail older adults who are hospitalized, are more likely to experience missed nursing care (MNC) due to high care needs, communication problems, and complexity of nursing care. We conducted a qualitative study to examine the factors affecting MNC among hospitalized frail older adults in the medical units.

Methods
This qualitative study was carried using the conventional content analysis approach in three teaching hospitals. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 nurses through purposive and snowball sampling. The inclusion criteria for the nurses were: at least two years of clinical work experience on a medical ward, caring for frail older people in hospital and willingness to participate. Data were analyzed in accordance with the process described by Graneheim and Lundman. In addition, trustworthiness of the study was assessed using the criteria proposed by Lincoln and Guba.

Results
In general, 20 interviews were conducted with nurses. A total of 1320 primary codes were extracted, which were classified into two main categories: MNC aggravating and moderating factors. Factors such as “age-unfriendly structure,” “inefficient care,” and “frailty of older adults” could increase the risk of MNC. In addition, factors such as “support capabilities” and “ethical and legal requirements” will moderate MNC.

Conclusions
Hospitalized frail older adults are more at risk of MNC due to high care needs, communication problems, and nursing care complexity. Nursing managers can take practical steps to improve the quality of care by addressing the aggravating and moderating factors of MNC. In addition, nurses with a humanistic perspective who understand the multidimensional problems of frail older adults and pay attention to their weakness in expressing needs, can create a better experience for them in the hospital and improve patient safety.
Geriatrics-focused indicators predict mortality more than age in older adults hospitalized with COVID-19
Authors: Sinvani Liron , Marziliano Allison , Makhnevich Alex , Tarima Sergey , Liu Yan , Qiu Michael , Zhang Meng , Ardito Suzanne , Carney Maria , Diefenbach Michael , Davidson Karina , Burns Edith 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Age has been implicated as the main risk factor for COVID-19-related mortality. Our objective was to utilize administrative data to build an explanatory model accounting for geriatrics-focused indicators to predict mortality in hospitalized older adults with COVID-19.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of adults age 65 and older (N = 4783) hospitalized with COVID-19 in the greater New York metropolitan area between 3/1/20-4/20/20. Data included patient demographics and clinical presentation. Stepwise logistic regression with Akaike Information Criterion minimization was used.

Results
The average age was 77.4 (SD = 8.4), 55.9% were male, 20.3% were African American, and 15.0% were Hispanic. In multivariable analysis, male sex (adjusted odds ration (adjOR) = 1.06, 95% CI:1.03-1.09); Asian race (adjOR = 1.08, CI:1.03-1.13); history of chronic kidney disease (adjOR = 1.05, CI:1.01-1.09) and interstitial lung disease (adjOR = 1.35, CI:1.28-1.42); low or normal body mass index (adjOR:1.03, CI:1.00-1.07); higher comorbidity index (adjOR = 1.01, CI:1.01-1.02); admission from a facility (adjOR = 1.14, CI:1.09-1.20); and mechanical ventilation (adjOR = 1.52, CI:1.43-1.62) were associated with mortality. While age was not an independent predictor of mortality, increasing age (centered at 65) interacted with hypertension (adjOR = 1.02, CI:0.98-1.07, reducing by a factor of 0.96 every 10 years); early Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR, life-sustaining treatment preferences) (adjOR = 1.38, CI:1.22-1.57, reducing by a factor of 0.92 every 10 years); and severe illness on admission (at 65, adjOR = 1.47, CI:1.40-1.54, reducing by a factor of 0.96 every 10 years).

Conclusion
Our findings highlight that residence prior to admission, early DNR, and acute illness severity are important predictors of mortality in hospitalized older adults with COVID-19. Readily available administrative geriatrics-focused indicators that go beyond age can be utilized when considering prognosis.
Values and preferences for hepatitis C self-testing among the general population and healthcare workers in Rwanda
Authors: Serumondo Janvier , Shilton Sonjelle , Nshimiyimana Ladislas , Karame Prosper , Dushimiyimana Donatha , Fajardo Emmanuel , Remera Eric , Rwibasira Gallican N. , Martínez-Pérez Guillermo Z. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
In 2018, Rwanda launched a 5-year hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination plan as per the World Health Organization global targets to eliminate HCV by 2030. To improve awareness of HCV status, strategies are needed to ensure easy access to HCV testing by as-yet unreached populations. HCV-self-testing, an innovative strategy, could further increase HCV testing uptake. This assessment explores perceptions around HCV self-testing among members of the public and healthcare workers in Rwanda.

Methods
A qualitative study was undertaken in Masaka District Hospital, comprising individual interviews, group interviews and participatory action research (PAR) activities. Purposive and snowball sampling methods guided the selection of informants. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. A thematic analysis approach was used to analyse the findings.

Results
The participants comprised 36 members of the public and 36 healthcare workers. Informants appreciated HCV self-testing as an innovative means of increasing access to HCV testing, as well as an opportunity to test privately and subsequently autonomously decide whether to seek further HCV care. Informants further highlighted the need to make HCV self-testing services free of charge at the nearest health facility. Disadvantages identified included the lack of pre/post-test counselling, as well as the potential psychosocial harm which may result from the use of HCV self-testing.

Conclusion
HCV self-testing is perceived to be an acceptable method to increase HCV testing in Rwanda. Further research is needed to assess the impact of HCV self-testing on HCV cascade of care outcomes.
Diagnosis of cervical plexus tumours by high-frequency ultrasonography
Authors: Gong Wenqing , Wang Jing , Huang Liwei , Yang Xu , Chen Dingzhang , Zheng Minjuan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Cervical plexus (CP) tumours are difficult to diagnose because of atypical symptoms. This study aimed to summarize the features of a normal CP and CP tumours observed on high-frequency ultrasonography.

Methods
The ultrasound data of 11 CP tumour patients and 22 normal volunteers were collected. All 11 patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and 4 patients also underwent computed tomography (CT). The imaging data were compared with surgery and pathology data.

Results
The C7 vertebra and bifurcation of the carotid common artery (CCA) were useful anatomic markers for identifying the CP. In contrast to the C1 nerve (22.7%), the C2-4 nerves were well displayed and thinner than the brachial plexus (P < 0.05). CP tumours were more common in females (72.7%) and generally located at C4 (72.7%) on the right side (81.8%). Additionally, the nerve trunk in tumour patients was obviously wider than that in normal controls (7.49 ± 1.03 mm vs 2.67 ± 0.36 mm, P < 0.01). Compared with pathology, the diagnostic rates of CP tumours by MRI, CT and high-frequency ultrasound were 72.7% (8/11), 25% (1/4) and 90.9% (10/11), respectively.

Conclusions
The diagnosis of CP neuropathy is accurate and reliable by high-frequency ultrasound, and the C7 vertebra and bifurcation of the CCA are useful anatomic markers in CP ultrasonography.
Socioeconomic position and prediagnostic health care contacts in children with cancer in Denmark: a nationwide register study
Authors: Pedersen Line Hjøllund , Erdmann Friederike , Aalborg Gitte Lerche , Hjalgrim Lisa Lyngsie , Larsen Hanne Bækgaard , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Winther Jeanette Falck , Dalton Susanne Oksbjerg 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
While underlying mechanisms and pathways of social inequalities in cancer survival have been extensively examined in adults, this is less so for children with cancer. Hypothesized mechanisms include prediagnostic utilization of and navigation through the health care system, which may differ by socioeconomic resources of the families. In this nationwide register-based study we investigated the association between measures of family socioeconomic position in relation to prediagnostic health care contacts and stage of disease at diagnosis in children with cancer in Denmark.

Methods
We identified all children diagnosed with a cancer at ages 0–15 years in 1998–2016 (N = 3043) from the Danish Childhood Cancer Registry. We obtained comprehensive information on measures of socioeconomic position, parental health and prediagnostic contacts to both general practitioners and hospitals 24 months prior to diagnosis from various national registries. We fitted multivariable conditional logistic regression models for the association of family socioeconomic and health-related variables with firstly, frequent health care contacts and secondly, advanced stage.

Results
We found higher odds ratios (OR) of frequent both overall and emergency health care contacts in the last 3 months before diagnosis in children from households with short parental education and mixed affiliation to work market, when compared to children with high family socioeconomic position. Further, children of parents with depression or of non-Western origin, respectively, had higher OR for frequent overall and emergency contacts. We found no association between socioeconomic position, parental health and stage of disease.

Conclusion
Families with socioeconomic disadvantage, non-Western origin or depression more frequently utilize prediagnostic health care services, both generally and in the acute setting, indicating that some disadvantaged families may struggle to navigate the health care system when their child is sick. Reassuringly, this was not reflected in disparities in stage at diagnosis. In order to improve the diagnostic process and potentially reduce health care contacts, attention and support should be given to families with a high number of health care contacts over a short period of time.