bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Yield, Cost‐Effective Fabrication of High‐Aspect‐Ratio Polyimide Microstructures for Robust Superhydrophobic Surfaces
Authors: Jeung Jinpyeo , Yun Inyeol , Park Hyuk , Chung Yoonyoung 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSuperhydrophobic surfaces (SHS), with their exceptional water‐repellent properties, have attracted great interest due to their versatile applications. The robustness of SHS has emerged as an essential issue for practical applications, as SHS are directly exposed to various harsh environments, such as continuous raindrop impact, corrosive media, and extreme temperatures. Polyimide (PI) is an ideal candidate for robust SHS due to its superior mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties. However, the low processability of PI in surface microstructuring has limited its application in SHS. In this study, a high‐yield and cost‐effective fabrication method for constructing high‐aspect‐ratio PI microstructures has been developed by controlling the template surface treatment, precursor molecular weight, and vacuum process. This approach achieves an exceptional yield rate of 99.8% and an aspect ratio of 10.7, enabling the construction of various microstructures. The SHS is demonstrated by fabricating microstructures on PI surfaces using the proposed method. The PI SHS exhibits a water contact angle of up to 162° and a roll‐off angle of less than 9°. The water repellency withstands 100 tape peeling tests and remains stable after continuous exposure to temperatures up to 250 °C and various chemical reagents for 60 days, which presents excellent robustness against environmental factors.
High‐Resolution Patterning and Efficient Fabricating of Liquid Metal Microelectrodes Using PNIPAM Sacrificial Layer
Authors: Liu Xing , Zheng Jiahui , Xu Xiaoyun , Hao Shilei , Hu Ning , Zheng Xiaolin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMicroelectrodes play a crucial role in microfluidic chips. However, electrodes with micron‐sized geometries lead to undesired impedance increases and processing difficulties. This study introduces a method for preparing low‐resistance and low‐cost liquid metal microelectrodes (), which leverages the distinct phase transition properties of liquid metal (LM) gallium (Ga) and Poly‐N‐Isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM), along with the reversible bonding between PNIPAM and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). PNIPAM is spin‐coated as a sacrificial layer on silanized glass and heated to dehydration. As it hydrates and swells in the water bath, Ga/PDMS can be easily peeled off, forming a precision surface‐embedded . The resistance of the with a thickness of 25 was only 9.3% and 0.077% of the 100nm thin film Au and indium tin oxide (ITO) film microelectrode with the same plane size. Hydration and swelling of the sacrificial layer ensured the fabrication with high resolutions down to 5 and an acute angle of 15°. The electroosmotic flow tests show that the effectively reduces the operating voltage compared to conventional planar Au or ITO microelectrodes. These features make it a promising candidate for electrification requirements in microfluidic devices.
Highly Sensitive InSe Nanosheet Ultraviolet Photodetector Realized Via an Asymmetric Fabry–Pérot Structure
Authors: Chen Shi‐Rong , Shan Long‐Qiang , Shu Wei , Liang Li‐Yan , Wang Jiang , Hu Ji‐Gang , Zhu Wen‐Huan , Luo Lin‐Bao , Wu Chun‐Yan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDue to the wavelength‐dependent absorption, narrow bandgap semiconductors show potential application in ultraviolet (UV) photodetection by thinning. However, the limited absorption in the thinner layer retards their application in high‐performance photodetection. In this paper, the fabrication of an asymmetric Fabry–Pérot (F–P) structure is reported by planar stacking of InSe layer, Al2O3 spacer, and Al back reflector. For the selective absorption enhancement in UV region, the Al2O3 thickness is optimized to be 39 nm by finite element method (FEM). The device presents a peak response at 265 nm illumination, showing the photo‐to‐dark current ratio (Ilight/Idark) of 719. Responsivity (R) and photoconductive gain (G) reach 11.7 A W−1 and 54.7 at the weak light intensity of 0.03 mW cm−2, respectively, which are two orders of magnitude higher than those of the device without the asymmetric F–P structure, revealing the remarkably enhanced absorption. This work shows well compatibility with the manufacturing processes for 2D semiconductor‐based photodetectors and provides a simple and versatile strategy for the application of 2D narrow bandgap semiconductors in high‐performance UV photodetectors.
Synthesis of Bishomocubanone Derivatives via Visible‐Light‐Induced Intramolecular [2+2] Cycloaddition Reaction
Authors: Yan Bingning , Zhang Qingzhong , Ling Yifei , Liu Jiaxin , Yang Jun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a visible‐light‐induced intramolecular [2+2] cycloaddition has been revealed to synthesize the bishomocubanone derivatives in moderate to excellent yield under mild conditions. This method demonstrated a broad substrate scope and excellent functional‐group tolerance, affording cubane precursors and a series of bishomocubanones. Meanwhile, a hundred‐gram scale experiment of this method has been employed to synthesize cubane precursors with 98% yield.
Iron Catalyzed Radical Alkylation of Cyclic Ketimines with Olefins via Metal Hydride Atom Transfer
Authors: Hu Xixi , Sun Ruizhi , Tian Yu , Xu Xinyue , Zhu Yijia , Liu Hui , Liu Dong , Zhang Lizhi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHere, we present an innovative approach to achieve Minisci‐type alkylation of cyclic N‐ketimines, enabling access to a diverse range of valuable alkylated sulfonyl ketimines via iron hydride hydrogen atom transfer. More than 35 examples are shown with a wide range of substrates. Additionally, this system is easy to operate and can be efficiently scaled up. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the alkyl radical process involved and the air acts as the sole oxidant in this system.
Thermal Noise‐Induced Phase Transition in Multi‐Domain Hf‐Based Antiferroelectric Material: Fatigue and Endurance Performance
Authors: Luo Sheng , Zheng Zijie , Zhou Zuopu , Gong Xiao , Liang Gengchiau 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe deterioration of the endurance performance in the Hf‐based antiferroelectric (AFE) material is a crucial challenge in the reliability of its device applications, and it is important to identify the mechanism for further optimizations. In this work, a stochastic AFE dynamic model is proposed to characterize the fatigue behaviors induced by thermal noise‐induced lattice vibration. Through the analysis of the noise‐assisted phase transition between the antiferroelectric and ferroelectric (FE) phases, the impact of the thermal effect on endurance is evaluated and the results are in good agreement with the experiments. Both temperature and dipole coupling strength are found to be the key factors in noise‐induced fatigue. Furthermore, the thermal noise‐induced stochastic dynamics is found to have a profound impact in the AFE‐based memory's reliability, and the memory window demonstrates direct dependency on temperature and domain dynamics.
Enhance Charge Transfer and Reduce Internal Resistance for Triboelectric Nanogenerator via Switching Charge Shuttling
Authors: Guo Xin , Wang Yuqi , Feng Yuming , Yu Yang , Wang Jianlong , He Siyang , Zhu Jinzhi , Li Hengyu , Cheng Tinghai , Wang Zhong Lin , Cheng Xiaojun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTraditional triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) face significant challenges related to low charge density and high internal impedance. Many methods have been proposed to enhance the surface charge density of TENGs, yet they do not simultaneously achieve low internal resistance. Here, a switch‐shuttling triboelectric nanogenerator (SS‐TENG) is proposed. By periodically interrupting the circuit during the intrinsic capacitance variation of the TENG during the charge shuttle process, the SS‐TENG alters the potential difference while maintaining a constant charge in the capacitor, thereby enhancing energy storage and improving overall output performance. The rapid activation of the switch significantly reduces internal resistance. Compared to traditional charge shuttle TENGs, the charge transfer amount increases by 1.9 times, while the short‐circuit current rises by 9.6 times, with internal resistance reduced by a factor of 20. Furthermore, a prototype of the novel cylindrical‐hexagram bluff body (CHB) vortex‐induced vibration energy harvester based on the SS‐TENG is designed and tested, demonstrating its ability to reliably harvest energy from underwater tidal flows and surface wave energy. Additionally, a self‐powered marine pollution detection strategy has been developed using the SS‐TENG. This work provides valuable insights for enhancing the performance of TENGs and actively promotes their commercialization.
Familial RPL26 Variant Causing Congenital Anomalies Without Hematological Features of Diamond Blackfan Anemia
Authors: Karger Lisa M. , Webb Bryn D. , Edelmann Lisa , Liao Jun , Mehta Lakshmi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDiamond Blackfan anemia (DBA) is an autosomal dominant disorder with a heterogeneous clinical presentation which may include macrocytic anemia typically presenting in the first year of life, growth retardation, and congenital malformations in 30%–50% of patients. This phenotypic variability is partially explained by genotype–phenotype correlations, with several ribosomal protein genes implicated in this disorder. Most cases are due to de novo variants, but familial occurrences highlight variable expressivity and reduced penetrance. To date, one case has been previously reported with a pathogenic variant in the RPL26 gene: a 3.5‐year‐old female with multiple congenital anomalies and typical hematological features of DBA. Here, we report a novel frameshift variant in RPL26 identified in a proband and his brother with limb malformations without anemia. Decreased RPL26 protein levels were detected in the proband's lymphoblasts. Subsequent clinical workup revealed high erythrocyte adenosine deaminase activity (eADA) in the proband, without anemia. This family represents the second report of RPL26‐associated congenital anomalies in the DBA spectrum and further illustrates the non‐hematological presentation of Diamond Blackfan “anemia”.
On the Photoisomerization of Pyridine in Vapor Phase
Authors: D'Auria Maurizio 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDFT calculations on the photoisomerization of pyridine, 2,3‐, 2,6, and 3,4‐dimethylpyridine showed that the photoisomerization occurs through the formation of the corresponding Dewar isomers. These compounds can be transformed into the corresponding benzvalene isomers, whose decomposition gives the reaction products. Another way to obtain some observed reaction products is a photoisomerization of the Dewar isomers through an intramolecular thermal or photochemical [2+2]‐cycloaddition reaction.
Alzheimer's Association clinical practice guideline for the Diagnostic Evaluation, Testing, Counseling, and Disclosure of Suspected Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (DETeCD‐ADRD): Executive summary of recommendations for primary care
Authors: Atri Alireza , Dickerson Bradford C. , Clevenger Carolyn , Karlawish Jason , Knopman David , Lin Pei‐Jung , Norman Mary , Onyike Chiadi , Sano Mary , Scanland Susan , Carrillo Maria 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUS clinical practice guidelines for the diagnostic evaluation of cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) or AD and related dementias (ADRD) are decades old and aimed at specialists. This evidence‐based guideline was developed to empower all—including primary care—clinicians to implement a structured approach for evaluating a patient with symptoms that may represent clinical AD/ADRD. Through a modified‐Delphi approach and guideline‐development process (7374 publications were reviewed; 133 met inclusion criteria) an expert workgroup developed recommendations as steps in a patient‐centered evaluation process. This summary focuses on recommendations, appropriate for any practice setting, forming core elements of a high‐quality, evidence‐supported evaluation process aimed at characterizing, diagnosing, and disclosing the patient's cognitive functional status, cognitive–behavioral syndrome, and likely underlying brain disease so that optimal care plans to maximize patient/care partner dyad quality of life can be developed; a companion article summarizes specialist recommendations. If clinicians use this guideline and health‐care systems provide adequate resources, outcomes should improve in most patients in most practice settings.Highlights
US clinical practice guidelines for the diagnostic evaluation of cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) or AD and related dementias (ADRD) are decades old and aimed at specialists.
This evidence‐based guideline was developed to empower all—including primary care—clinicians to implement a structured approach for evaluating a patient with symptoms that may represent clinical AD/ADRD.
This summary focuses on recommendations, appropriate for any practice setting, forming core elements of a high‐quality, evidence‐supported evaluation process aimed at characterizing, diagnosing, and disclosing the patient's cognitive functional status, cognitive–behavioral syndrome, and likely underlying brain disease so that optimal care plans to maximize patient/care partner dyad quality of life can be developed; a companion article summarizes specialist recommendations.
If clinicians use this guideline and health‐care systems provide adequate resources, outcomes should improve in most patients in most practice settings.
Life's Essential 8 and midlife trajectories in cognition and brain health: The CARDIA study
Authors: Dintica Christina Silvia , Jiang Xiaqing , Launer Lenore J. , Bryan R. Nick , Yaffe Kristine 
Published: December 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONPoor cardiovascular health (CVH) is linked to Alzheimer's disease and dementia; however, its association with neurocognitive trajectories earlier in life remains underexplored.METHODSWe included 3224 participants with information on CVH at early midlife (mean age 45.0 ± standard deviation 3.4) an cognitive assessments, and neuroimaging 5, 10, and 15 years later including white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), total gray matter (GM), and hippocampal volume. CVH was operationalized according to the American Heart Association's (AHA) “Life's Essential 8” (LE8) guidelines. The association between LE8 and cognitive and neuroimaging measures was examined using mixed linear regression adjusting for age, sex, race, and education.RESULTSWorse LE8 score was associated with steeper decline in cognition, higher accumulation of WMHs, and steeper decline in total GM and hippocampal volume.DISCUSSIONPoor CVH is related to accelerated brain aging across midlife, highlighting the need to screen for and improve CVH earlier to prevent adverse cognitive outcomes.Highlights
Poor cardiovascular health in early midlife is associated with faster decline in cognition across 10 years overall and in specific domains.
Poor and intermediate cardiovascular health was associated with higher accumulation of white matter hyperintensities across midlife.
Poor cardiovascular health was associated with faster atrophy in total gray matter volume and hippocampal volume.
The Interplay Between Component Denticity and Flexibility Promotes the Formation of [AgI⋅⋅⋅AgI]‐stabilised Links and Knots
Authors: Sarwa Aleksandra , Khmara Andrei , Konieczny Krzysztof A. , Kulesza Dagmara , Zych Eugeniusz , Trzaskowski Bartosz , Szyszko Bartosz 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA subtle interplay between the flexibility of the 2,2’‐bipyridyl‐based diamine and the denticity of the coordination domain formed upon self‐assembly enabled the formation of four distinct topologies stabilised by [Ag⋅⋅⋅Ag]2+ pairs. The reactions utilising 2,6‐diformylpyridine resulted in the formation of silver(I)‐stabilised molecular tweezer, trefoil knot, and Solomon link. The 1,8‐naphthyridine‐based dialdehyde promoted the formation of [2]catenanes and trefoil knot, demonstrating very close AgI⋅⋅⋅AgI distances. Two of the studied assemblies demonstrated interesting luminescent properties in the solid state.
Synergistic Enhancement of Plasma‐Driven Ammonia Synthesis Using a AuCu3/Cu Composite Catalyst
Authors: Li Zhenlu , Liu Shize , Zhan Qingyun , Li Jiayang , Zhang Zihao , Qian Yumeng , Cai Yiyu , Mu Xiaoyue , Li Lu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGreen ammonia synthesis using fluctuating renewable energy supply in decentralized process is a goal that has been long sought after. Ammonia synthesis with non‐thermal plasma under mild conditions is a promising technology, but it faces the critical challenge of low energy efficiency. Herein, we develop an easily‐scalable AuCu3/Cu catalyst, which consists of a decimeter‐scale metallic Cu antenna and nano‐scale AuCu3 catalytic sites on metallic Cu surface, significantly enhancing the energy efficiency and ammonia yield in a radio‐frequency (RF) plasma system. Compared to plasma alone, the single‐pass ammonia yield over AuCu3/Cu increases by a factor of 20, approaching 10 %. Mechanistic studies indicate that Cu antenna can amplify the millimeter‐scale local electric field, thereby facilitating the generation of active nitrogen species, including nitrogen radicals and vibration‐excited nitrogen molecules. Due to the downshifted d‐band center and unique Cu−Au interface structure, the AuCu3 nanoalloy modified on Cu antenna surface significantly reduces hydrogenation barriers of active NHX (x=0,1,2) species (the rate‐determining step) and facilitates ammonia desorption at lower temperature. The synergistic effect of Cu antenna and surface AuCu3 nanoalloy comprehensively enhances ammonia synthesis through both the nitrogen radical‐mediated Eley‐Rideal pathway and the vibration‐excited nitrogen molecule‐mediated Langmuir–Hinshelwood pathway.
π‐Lewis Base Activation of Carbonyls and Hexafluorobenzene
Authors: Mondal Aditesh , Breitwieser Kevin , Danés Sergi , Grünwald Annette , Heinemann Frank W. , Morgenstern Bernd , Müller Frank , Haumann Michael , Schütze Maximilian , Kass Dustin , Ray Kallol , Munz Dominik 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe report hitherto elusive side‐on η2‐bonded palladium(0) carbonyl (anthraquinone, benzaldehyde) and arene (benzene, hexafluorobenzene) palladium(0) complexes and present the catalytic hydrodefluorination of hexafluorobenzene by cyclohexene. The comparison with respective cyclohexene, pyridine and tetrahydrofuran complexes reveals that the experimental ligand binding strengths follow the order THF<C6H6<C6F6<cyclohexene<pyridine<benzaldehyde<anthraquinone. To understand this surprising order, the complexes’ electronic structures were elucidated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), single crystal X‐Ray diffraction (sc‐XRD), ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) electronic absorption, infrared (IR) vibrational, Pd L3‐edge X‐ray absorption (XAS), and X‐ray photoelectron (XP) spectroscopic techniques, complemented by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations including energy decomposition (EDA‐NOCV) and effective oxidation state (EOS) analyses. For benzene, pyridine and cyclohexene, bonding follows the donor/acceptor picture of the Dewar–Chatt–Duncanson model. In stark contrast, hexafluorobenzene, benzaldehyde and anthraquinone bind via essentially the π‐channel only and thus as π‐analogues of Z‐acceptor ligands. This contribution elucidates the control of functional‐group selectivity in palladium(0) catalysis and delineates a novel strategy to activate electron‐deficient π‐systems.
Manipulating p‐π Resonance through Methoxy Group Engineering in Covalent Organic Frameworks for an Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Luo Zhipeng , Zhu Shipeng , Xue Huanglan , Yang Wanxiang , Zhang Fengtao , Xu Fei , Lin Wei , Wang Hongqiang , Chen Xiong 
Published: December 2024

AbstractKinetic factors frequently emerge as the primary constraints in photocatalysis, exerting a critical influence on the efficacy of polymeric photocatalysts. The diverse conjugation systems within covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can significantly impact photon absorption, energy level structures, charge separation and migration kinetics. Consequently, these limitations often manifest as unsatisfactory kinetic behavior, which adversely affects the photocatalytic activity of COFs. To address these challenges, we propose a methoxy (−OMe) molecular engineering strategy designed to enhance charge carrier kinetics and mitigate mass transfer resistance. Through strategic modulation of the position and quantity of −OMe units, we can effectively manipulate the p‐π conjugation, thereby enhancing charge separation and migration. Moreover, COFs enriched with −OMe moieties exhibit enhanced mass transfer dynamics due to the hydrophilic nature of methoxy groups, which facilitate the diffusion of reactants and products within the porous structure. This approach is hypothesized to drive an efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction.
Photo‐Assisted Bottom‐Up Synthesis of Orange Phosphorus
Authors: Qiu Pengcheng , Wang Jiameng , Kojima Takahiro , Kazumi Kenji , Sato Hiroyasu , Komatsu Naoki , Fukami Kazuhiro , Sakaguchi Hiroshi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA tubular strand of phosphorus composed of vectorially aligned pentagons has been theoretically predicted as a new allotrope of phosphorus with a polar structure, expecting potential applications. However, it has not been successfully synthesized yet due to the difficulty of creating isolated strands to avoid interchain bonding. Here, such an allotrope named “orange phosphorus“ was successfully produced using a photo‐assisted synthesis from an amorphous film of solution‐processable Na2P16 precursors. A green laser irradiation initiated the phase transition of precursors, inducing chemical reactions like topochemical polymerization and rearrangement, creating a 1D chain of orange phosphorus. 3D electron diffraction crystallography showed that the molecular structure of orange phosphorus consists of one‐dimensional polar pentagonal‐tubes made up of [P8]P2[ repeat units. Orange phosphorus demonstrates excellent piezoresistivity due to its high strain‐sensitive 1D chain structure, showing strain‐induced Raman shifts. Its gauge factor exceeds those of 2D materials such as black phosphorus and transition metal dichalcogenides. These findings indicate that orange phosphorus has great potential for use in strain sensor applications.