bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MYC suppresses STING-dependent innate immunity by transcriptionally upregulating DNMT1 in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Wu Si-Yu , Xiao Yi , Wei Jin-Li , Xu Xiao-En , Jin Xi , Hu Xin , Li Da-Qiang , Jiang Yi-Zhou , Shao Zhi-Ming 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer and lacks definite treatment targets. Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) heterogeneity has a profound impact on the immunotherapy response. Tumors with non-inflamed TIME derive limited benefit from immunotherapy. However, what drives the formation of the non-inflamed TIME in TNBC remains unclear.MethodsUsing our multiomics database of TNBC, we conducted an analysis to explore the key genomic events driving the formation of the non-inflamed TIME in TNBC. In vitro and in vivo studies further revealed potential mechanisms and the efficacy of combination treatment with immunotherapy.ResultsWith transcriptomic and genomic data, we systematically analyzed the TIME of TNBC and revealed that the classical basal-like subtype of TNBC consisted of two distinct microenvironment phenotypes, defined as the ‘inflamed’ and ‘non-inflamed’ subtypes. We performed further screening and demonstrated that MYC amplification and overexpression led to low immune infiltration and cytolytic activity in TIME. Mechanistically, MYC bound to DNMT1 promoter and activated DNMT1 transcription in TNBC cells, thus suppressing the Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-STING pathway via an epigenetic regulatory way. In MYC-overexpressing TNBC, decitabine, an Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, converted tumors from non-inflamed to inflamed tumors by enhancing T cell infiltration. Furthermore, the combination of decitabine with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor reversed T cell exhaustion and improved T cell function in mouse models, which elicited potent antitumor activity in MYC-overexpressing TNBC.ConclusionsOur work elucidates that the classic oncogene MYC induces immune evasion by repressing innate immunity. Furthermore, we provide a rationale for combining DNA methyltransferase inhibition with immunotherapy for the treatment of MYC-overexpressing TNBC.
Endovascular management of anterior falcotentorial dural arteriovenous fistulas: importance of functionality of deep venous system and existence of accompanying choroidal arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Islak Civan , Bagcilar Omer , Nacar Dogan Sebahat , Korkmazer Bora , Arslan Serdar , Kizilkilic Osman , Kocer Naci 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundAnterior falcotentorial junction dural arteriovenous fistulas (AFDAVFs) are the most deeply located and most complex type of tentorial fistula due to their location and vascular anatomy. We aimed to make new angiographic definitions of AFDAVF nidus and functionality of the deep venous system of the brain and thereby provide a safer approach for endovascular treatment.MethodsWe retrospectively examined 18 patients with AFDAVF who received endovascular treatment at our neuroradiology department between June 2002 and May 2019. Pre- and post-treatment clinical assessments were performed using the modified Rankin Scale. AFDAVF niduses were defined as mixed-type or pure-dural-type on the basis of whether choroidal arteriovenous malformation was coexisting or not, respectively. The deep venous system was denoted as functional or nonfunctional.ResultsWe included 13 men and 5 women (mean (range) age, 47.2 (31–62) years). We evaluated 15 patients with pure-dural-type AFDAVFs and three with mixed-type AFDAVFs. Complete occlusion of the fistula was achieved in 15/18 patients. Three patients had transient neurologic symptoms. In two patients these were due to mild thalamic ischemia and in the third patient was due to tectal venous ischemia, all in mixed-type AFDAVF. One patient also developed Parinaud syndrome due to compression of the tectal plate by a thrombosed large vein of Galen. No patients died or developed permanent morbidity.ConclusionEvaluating AFDAVFs as described here using our new subtyping model will help improve analysis of the malformation and development of a safer endovascular strategy, and hence may prevent periprocedural complications and improve treatment safety.
Path-integral approximations to quantum dynamics
Authors: Althorpe Stuart C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractImaginary-time path-integral or ‘ring-polymer’ methods have been used to simulate quantum (Boltzmann) statistical properties since the 1980s. This article reviews the more recent extension of such methods to simulate quantum dynamics, summarising the chain of approximations that links practical path-integral methods, such as centroid molecular dynamics (CMD) and ring-polymer molecular dynamics (RPMD), to the exact quantum Kubo time-correlation function. We focus on single-surface Born–Oppenheimer dynamics, using the infrared spectrum of water as an illustrative example, but also survey other recent applications and practical techniques, as well as the limitations of current methods and their scope for future development.Graphic abstract
Wave packet approach to quantum correlations in neutrino oscillations
Authors: Blasone Massimo , De Siena Silvio , Matrella Cristina 
Published: July 2021

AbstractQuantum correlations provide a fertile testing ground for investigating fundamental aspects of quantum physics in various systems, especially in the case of relativistic (elementary) particle systems as neutrinos. In a recent paper, Ming et al. (Eur Phys J C 80:275, 2020), in connection with results of Daya-Bay and MINOS experiments, have studied the quantumness in neutrino oscillations in the framework of plane-wave approximation. We extend their treatment by adopting the wave packet approach that accounts for effects due to localization and decoherence. This leads to a better agreement with experimental results, in particular for the case of MINOS experiment.
Catalyst-Exsolving Anode-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
Authors: Horlick Samuel A , Robinson Ian A. , Huang Yilin , Wachsman Eric 
Published: July 2021

Exsolution is the process in which cations that make up the lattice of a mixed ionic/electronic conductor (MIEC) are reduced to metals and migrate to the surface of the host ceramic. These materials have become quite attractive for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) because they can facilitate oxygen and electron transport through their bulk and act as electrocatalysts on the surface of SOFC anodes. Also, because of the nature of the exsolution process, the highly dispersed nano-catalysts have strong particle-host interactions which have shown resistance to common SOFC failure mechanisms such as agglomeration and coking. However, the practical application of such materials has not been well studied since most research focuses on the electrolyte-supported cells, which offer a quick method for screening electrochemical activity but the large ohmic resistance makes this cell unrealistic for real energy conversion devices, especially at lower temperatures.
Here, we use a scalable ceramic processing technique to fabricate a ceramic-anode-supported SOFC that exsolves nano-catalysts for low temperature operation (600°C). SrFe0.2Ni0.4Mo0.4O3-
δ (SFNM) is used as the anode material due to its high conductivity and exsolution ability. By shifting the mechanically supporting layer from the electrolyte to this anode, we are able to drastically reduce the overall ohmic resistance of the cell. Additionally, we avoid extra processing steps for conventional catalyst deposition by taking advantage of the in-situ catalyst exsolution. During the exsolution process, we show that our cell performance increases over time, up to a peak power density of 300 mW/cm2 at 600°C with H2 fuel. Further, we discuss two major challenges facing exsolution-anode-supported SOFCs along the way and we show our efforts to identify and address the root causes of these problems.
Influence of Ni-Content on Crystallographic Parameters and Electrochemical Performance of the La0.25Sr0.25Ca0.4NixTi1
-
xO3
-
d
SOC Fuel Electrode
Authors: Korjus Ove , Aruväli Jaan , Kooser Kuno , Kivi Indrek , Käämbre Tanel , Lust Enn , Nurk Gunnar 
Published: July 2021

The search for alternative fuel electrode materials to Ni-cermets is very active in the solid oxide cell (SOC) field due to several reasons. Metallic Ni is very sensitive to oxygen partial pressure (p
O2) and reoxidizes to NiO if p
O2 rises above the threshold level (temperature dependent). Ni-cermets are also prone to sulphur poisoning 1,2 and coking 3 if carbonaceous fuel without sufficient steam is used. Even if gases are carefully purified from sulphur, and correct steam to carbon ratio is used, metallic Ni centres still has a tendency to coarsen over time, which leads to performance losses 4,5.
Full ceramic anodes are envisaged as redox stable materials when compared to metal-cermets – there is no immense expansion relating to metal oxidation reduction cycles and these materials are more resistant to coking and sulphur depositions 6–8. La0.2Sr0.7
-
xCaxTiO3
-

d
(LSCTA-) has been demonstrated to be promising ceramic fuel electrode due to excellent electrical conductivity and stability if x ≤ 0.45 9.
In this work, we investigated the influence of Ni concentration on the crystallographic properties of La0.25Sr0.25Ca0.4Ti1
-
xNixO3
-

d

(LSCNT-x) (x = 0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2) using in situ X-ray diffraction. Sr mobility during the processing of electrodes with different Ni contents was demonstrated. The electrochemical performance of each synthesized electrodes was evaluated with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) using a 3-electrode setup in LSCNT-x/GDC|GDC/ScCeSZ/GDC|LSC cell (LSC is La0.6Sr0.4CoO3
-

d
). Two-electrode measurements were also conducted with the most stable and electrochemically active electrode in order to assess its performance in working systems. Additionally, steam electrolysis experiments were performed to establishx the best electrode’s performance in electrolysis mode.
References:

G. Nurk et al., J. Power Sources, 240, 448–457 (2013) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.03.187.

S. Zha, Z. Cheng, and M. Liu, J. Electrochem. Soc., 154, B201 (2007).

X. Li et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 17, 21112–9 (2015) http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84939169120&partnerID=tZOtx3y1.

D. Simwonis, F. Tietz, and D. Stöver, Solid State Ionics, 132, 241–251 (2000).

O. M. Pecho et al., Materials (Basel)., 8, 5554–5585 (2015).

A. Faes, A. Hessler-Wyser, A. Zryd, and J. Van Herle, Membranes (Basel)., 2, 585–664 (2012).

Q. X. Fu and F. Tietz, Fuel Cells, 8, 283–293 (2008).

A. Atkinson et al., Mater. Sustain. Energy A Collect. Peer-Reviewed Res. Rev. Artic. from Nat. Publ. Gr., 213–223 (2004).

A. D. Aljaberi and J. T. S. Irvine, J. Mater. Chem. A, 1, 5868–5874 (2013).
A-Asterisk Algorithm as an Alternative to Evaluate the Geometric Tortuosity in Digitally Created SOFC Anodes
Authors: Espinoza Andaluz Mayken , Ávila Joseph , Pagalo Javier , Li Tingshuai , Qi Yuanxin , Li Shian , Zhang Xiaoqiang , Andersson Martin 
Published: July 2021

A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is an electrochemical device that convert the chemical energy present in reactant gases, usually any chemical compound with hydrogen as constitutive element, into electrical energy and heat. The energy conversion process occurs at a high temperature and in a noiseless manner. As a result, the efficiency is relatively high, especially if the co-generation is considered. Diffusion processes within the SOFC porous media plays an important role since the reactant gases have to reach the three-phase boundary to perform the energy conversion process. An in-depth analysis of the microstructural configuration offers an increased understanding of the reactant flow.
This paper aims to evaluate the feasibility of using the A-asterisk algorithm to compute the geometric tortuosity within SOFC anodes. A three-dimensional structure, which is digitally created, represents the SOFC anode, in which the possible paths that follow the fluid flow are analyzed. A-asterisk algorithm is used to generate possible paths, and therefore the geometric tortuosity can be computed considering an averaged distance. A tortuosity-porosity correlation is proposed, and the results are compared with previous studies. Results show that the A-asterisk algorithm is a capable algorithm to evaluate the geometric tortuosity values in SOFC anodes with different particle size distribution and porosities.
Update on Nexceris’ Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack Technology
Authors: Kopechek David , Swartz Scott , Arkenberg Gene , Dogdibegovic Emir 
Published: July 2021

Over the past several years Nexceris has advanced its solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack technology through innovations in materials, design, and operation. Sustainable fuel cell operation of Nexceris’ lightweight stack at high current density (0.5 – 0.7 A/cm²) and fuel utilization (70 – 80%) yields both high gravimetric power density and electrical efficiency. Stack robustness against thermal gradients, thermal cycling, and one-off events has been achieved through a combination of design modifications, sealing advancements, and operational protocols. Meanwhile, Nexceris’ stack technology maintains the key advantages of its patented FlexCell planar cell design, internal reforming capability, and tolerance to sulfur impurities in military logistic fuels.
Recent and ongoing work at Nexceris includes stack demonstrations in breadboard systems and at customer sites, scale-up of stack manufacturing capabilities, and the development of a 10-kW stack module, opening the door to large-scale distributed generation and energy storage applications. This presentation will provide an update on the status and capabilities of Nexceris’ SOFC stacks and cost-saving approaches to stack fabrication.
Self-Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by Multimaterial 3D Printing
Authors: Kostretsova Natalia , Pesce Arianna , Nuñez Marc , Morata Alex , Torrell Marc , Tarancón Albert 
Published: July 2021

Nowadays, renewable energy increases its contribution to the present energy scenario. In this regard, the implementation of energy storage and sources as the electrolysers and fuel cells gives the opportunity to transform the surplus of renewable energy to the form of hydrogen, by water electrolysis and the use of this hydrogen as a fuel for energy generation by the reverse mode of the same devices, in the so-called power to gas and gas to power routes. Among the different technologies of fuel cells and electrolysers, the high temperature technology based on ceramic solid oxides presents the best efficiencies. However, the fabrication of this devices implies several manufacturing procedures and multiple intermediate steps of fabrications, such as tape-casting, screen-printing, annealing, manual stacking, joining, sealing, etc. As a result, the SOC production process becomes more expensive and time-consuming. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the application of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies for functional ceramics fabrication, specially to SOC production, leads to significant improvement of the process. AM represents freedom of design, that allows to enhance the performance of the SOC-based device, an increase of manufacturing speed and productiveness, while the waste material is reduced. As a final result, one-step printed monolithic SOFC stack could be produced combining different AM technologies in a single printing process.
For this purpose, hybrid 3D printing technology which combines stereolithography (SLA) and robocasting (direct ink writing, DIW) has been developed. Thus, the technique uses 8YSZ for the electrolyte fabrication by SLA and deposition of electrodes and interconnectors by DIW. The elaborated hybrid multimaterial 3D printing technology renders possible complete SOC stack fabrication as a single-step process. Complete fully printed SOFC cells, their co-sintering process and their characterization are here presented while the advantages and limitations of the fabrication process are discussed.
A Simplified Model for Reversible Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Sezer Hayri , Mason Jerry H , Celik Ismail Bektas , Fan Yueying , Abernathy Harry W. , Epting William K , Kalapos Thomas , Hackett Gregory A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract: Butler-Volmer Equations based on a first order approximation of global redox reaction kinetics have been used in the past successfully for design analysis of solid oxide fuel cells. Such a model forms the backbone of the widely used multidimensional code, DREAM-SOFC originally developed at West Virginia University and currently being used by the fuel cell research team at the US DOE lab, National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL). Recent interest in using solid oxide cells (SOCs) for hydrogen production has prompted the question as to whether the Butler-Vomer Model (BVM) empirically calibrated and used in DREAM-SOFC would be appropriate for simulation of reversible fuel cells as well. To this end we have simulated anode supported Ni/YSZ/LSCF button cells in reversible mode and found that the BVM is not capable of reproducing the trends observed in experiments performed at various applied steam, hydrogen and oxygen concentrations, even if some key parameters such as effective bulk diffusivity and exchange current density are treated as calibration parameters and adjusted freely. To bridge this gap, we modified the oxygen electrode model using a simplified version of the single pathway oxygen reduction reaction equations originally put forth by Svensson et al. [1]. In the simplified model, it is assumed that the adsorbed oxygen concentration remains close to its equilibrium value in most of the oxygen electrode active layer. This assumption eliminates the need to solve the more difficult, stiff surface coverage transport equation leaving only the oxygen ion vacancy concentration to be solved for, thus simplifying the model greatly. This paper presents the mathematical model, and an in-depth analysis of the results from this model applied to button cells with LSCF and LSM electrodes. Figure 1 shows the comparison between the simulated and experimental polarization curves. As shown, good agreement is achieved between simulations and experiments for fuel cell and electrolysis modes. We conclude that by extending the BVM only by adding the vacancy concentration transport equation, leads to a simple yet sufficient model with which one can perform very fast calibration and design analysis of reversible SOCs with minimal computation time.
Reference:
[1] A.M. Svensson, et al., J. Electrochem. Soc., 145(4), 1390 (1998) doi: 10.1149/1.1838471

Figure 1
3D Printing of Porous-Dense-Porous 8YSZ Supports for Solid Oxide Cells Applications
Authors: Lira Maritta , Kostretsova Natalia , Anelli Simone , Morata Alex , Torrell Marc , Tarancón Albert 
Published: July 2021

The development of alternative sources for electric power generation and energy storage to meet the growing demand and ensuring environmental sustainability for the next decades is still being a challenge for the scientific community. In this context, fuel cells are of great interest in enabling sustainable generation of electricity, being highly efficient and being a reliable, efficient and safe technology during its operation. Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy and heat by continuously feeding a fuel and an oxidant, and can also use surpluses of energy to reduce water to hydrogen as a chemical storage route when working on reverse mode. These devices are made up of two electrodes (fuel electrode and oxygen electrode) separated by an electrolyte.
It has been shown that the use of additive manufacturing (AM) technologies combined with ceramic fabrication techniques to optimize the microstructures and geometries of the SOC devices enhance its performance and reliability. New printable formulations for ceramic pastes have been developed for electrolytes in order to enhance the active area of reaction. Among different strategies to improve the performance, the use of composite electrodes base on porous scaffold of the ionic conductor phase to be infiltrated by the catalytic active phase is widely used. With the advance of the AM technology, 8YSZ electrolytes and scaffolds with different configurations can be also fabricated by 3D printing method.
In this present work, we aim to fabricate an innovative and complex structure for YSZ electrodes with dense and porous parts and optimize the fabrication parameters for different 3D-printing process to obtain enhanced features of the ceramic supports that will be applied for SOC. Focusing on optimize the 3D processing of combined porous and dense structures for SOFC/SOECs, dense (δ>95%) monolithic gas-tight YSZ thin electrolytes supported by porous scaffolds on both sides will be fabricated for later functionalization by infiltration of the electrodes. The fabrication of the porous dense porous electrolyte will be generated by: porosity integrated by the CAD design, generation of porosity by development of new ceramic pastes and tuning of the printing parameters.
Modeling and Techno-Economic Analysis of High Temperature Electrolysis Systems Using Protonic Ceramics
Authors: Thatte Amogh , Braun Rob J 
Published: July 2021

High temperature water splitting (HTWS) via electrochemical processes are of growing interest due to their potential for achieving high thermodynamic efficiency. In particular, protonic ceramic electrolysis cells (PCECs) operating between 500°-600°C have the attractive feature that, in theory, pure dry hydrogen is produced at the hydrogen electrode (see Figure 1) and, unlike more conventional solid oxide electrochemical cells (SOECs) operating at 800°C, no further gas separation is needed. These features allow much simpler and elegant hydrogen production system concepts that have the potential to be significantly less costly and more efficient. For example, the dry H2 gas production at the fuel electrode allows for a much simpler balance-of-plant. The lower operating temperature also has numerous benefits, including lower plant heat losses, the ability to find more options for integrating various process heat sources by virtue of the lower grade heat requirements, and reduced capital cost due to a reduction in both gas process heat exchanger temperature and surface area requirements. A simple thermodynamic evaluation indicates that balance-of-plant steam generation specific energy (kJ/kg) requirements are some 17% lower when operating at 500°C versus 800°C.
The present work focuses on scale-up of advancing PCEC material sets developed by collaborating faculty at the Colorado School of Mines and an industrial partner, and their design/integration into MW-scale hydrogen production systems. Realizing high efficiency HTWS systems based on novel protonic ceramics requires understanding of numerous system-level considerations. One of our efforts is largely concerned with developing viable system designs that enable >75% system efficiency at centralized hydrogen production costs of < $2/kg (without compression, dispensing, and storage). This requires evaluation of plant operating conditions, especially in the PCEC stack periphery, where operating temperature, pressure, reactant utilization, sweep gas (if any) on the fuel electrode, thermal management, gas compression, and balance-of-plant integration all play critical roles in establishing cost effective, high performance HTWS systems. In this presentation, validated PCEC models using the latest large platform experimental cell data are used to explore optimal stack design parameter selection, such as cell voltage, reactant utilization, and reactant supply composition. System design implications from parameter sensitivity studies is summarized, and a comparative techno-economic analysis of PCEC-based hydrogen production systems with SOEC and PEMEC technologies is given.

Figure 1