bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crops, weeds and gathered plants in the vicinity of the mediaeval Castle Kolno, near Brzeg, S-W Poland, and a morphometric approach for some taxa
Authors: Kosina Romuald , Marek Lech 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the present work, numerous species of useful and wild plants were identified in the archaeobotanical samples (moat deposit and two ceramic jugs) collected from the mediaeval locality of the Kolno Castle, near Brzeg, south-western Poland. At the confluence of two rivers, in the vicinity of the castle, it was possible to cultivate cereals on poor alluvial soil, in the ground with a layer of ferruginous concretions. The characteristic weeds of the classes Secalinetea and Chenopodietea indicated the cultivation of winter cereals and garden plants. Polymorphic populations of millet were cultivated. Apart from the annual plants, the following fruit trees were grown: plums, peaches and walnuts. Fruits of many wild species were also gathered for consumption. Correlation analysis of the characters ofPrunusL. stones proved that the development of the organ is conservative. Morphometric analysis of the plum stones showed that in addition to the specimens belonging to the speciesPrunus spinosaL. andPrunus domesticaL./Prunus insititiaL., there were hybrids between these two species. Multivariate analyses evidenced that the complexes of cultivated and wild plums and cherries can form hybrid syngameons revealing continuous variation and non-random structure. The variability of filbert nuts corresponded to the variability of a large modern population of this species that is composed of many genetically different morphotypes. Variabilities of inter-specific units of fossil and contemporary forms belonging to various taxa were described by ellipsoids of various shapes and arrangements in the three-dimensional ordination space.
Effects of the European Monetary Union on High-Technology Exports
Authors: Tohmo Timo , Heimonen Kari , Nieminen Mika 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOur study estimates the effects of the European Monetary Union (EMU) on high-technology (HT) export and assesses the potential knowledge spillovers of such trade. Irrespective of the importance of the HT trade channel, none of the previous studies in the literature focus on the effects of a common currency on HT trade. Increasing trade in the HT sector may lead to more efficient use of resources and help countries to move towards a knowledge-based economy. Moreover, it may lead to higher overall growth. After considering multilateral resistances, pair fixed effects and bias correction in the preferred (three-way bias-corrected) model, EMU membership becomes negative and statistically non-significant for HT exports. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the effect of the EMU on HT exports is country-specific, which lends support to the notion of non-homogenous knowledge transfer and country-related knowledge-based economic development within the EMU.
Non-extensitivity and criticality of atomic hydropathicity around a voltage-gated sodium channel’s pore: a modeling study
Authors: Xenakis Markos N. , Kapetis Dimos , Yang Yang , Heijman Jordi , Waxman Stephen G. , Lauria Giuseppe , Faber Catharina G. , Smeets Hubert J. , Lindsey Patrick J. , Westra Ronald L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractVoltage-gated sodium channels (NavChs) are pore-forming membrane proteins that regulate the transport of sodium ions through the cell membrane. Understanding the structure and function of NavChs is of major biophysical, as well as clinical, importance given their key role in cellular pathophysiology. In this work, we provide a computational framework for modeling system-size-dependent, i.e., cumulative, atomic properties around a NavCh’s pore. We illustrate our methodologies on the bacterial NavAb channel captured in a closed-pore state where we demonstrate that the atomic environment around its pore exhibits a bi-phasic spatial organization dictated by the structural separation of the pore domains (PDs) from the voltage-sensing domains (VSDs). Accordingly, a mathematical model describing packing of atoms around NavAb’s pore is constructed that allows—under certain conservation conditions—for a power-law approximation of the cumulative hydropathic dipole field effect acting along NavAb’s pore. This verified the non-extensitivity hypothesis for the closed-pore NavAb channel and revealed a long-range hydropathic interactions law regulating atom-packing around the NavAb’s selectivity filter. Our model predicts a PDs-VSDs coupling energy of $\sim \!282.1$
∼

282.1
kcal/mol corresponding to a global maximum of the atom-packing energy profile. Crucially, we demonstrate for the first time how critical phenomena can emerge in a single-channel structure as a consequence of the non-extensive character of its atomic porous environment.
Adaptive Radial Basis Function Partition of Unity Interpolation: A Bivariate Algorithm for Unstructured Data
Authors: Cavoretto Roberto 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this article we present a new adaptive algorithm for solving 2D interpolation problems of large scattered data sets through the radial basis function partition of unity method. Unlike other time-consuming schemes this adaptive method is able to efficiently deal with scattered data points with highly varying density in the domain. This target is obtained by decomposing the underlying domain in subdomains of variable size so as to guarantee a suitable number of points within each of them. The localization of such points is done by means of an efficient search procedure that depends on a partition of the domain in square cells. For each subdomain the adaptive process identifies a predefined neighborhood consisting of one or more levels of neighboring cells, which allows us to quickly find all the subdomain points. The algorithm is further devised for an optimal selection of the local shape parameters associated with radial basis function interpolants via leave-one-out cross validation and maximum likelihood estimation techniques. Numerical experiments show good performance of this adaptive algorithm on some test examples with different data distributions. The efficacy of our interpolation scheme is also pointed out by solving real world applications.
Correlation Functions for a Chain of Short Range Oscillators
Authors: Grava T. , Kriecherbauer T. , Mazzuca G. , McLaughlin K. D. T.-R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe consider a system of harmonic oscillators with short range interactions and we study their correlation functions when the initial data is sampled with respect to the Gibbs measure. Such correlation functions display rapid oscillations that travel through the chain. We show that the correlation functions always have two fastest peaks which move in opposite directions and decay at rate $$t^{-\frac{1}{3}}$$

t

-

1
3

for position and momentum correlations and as $$t^{-\frac{2}{3}}$$

t

-

2
3

for energy correlations. The shape of these peaks is asymptotically described by the Airy function. Furthermore, the correlation functions have some non generic peaks with lower decay rates. In particular, there are peaks which decay at rate $$t^{-\frac{1}{4}}$$

t

-

1
4

for position and momentum correlators and with rate $$t^{-\frac{1}{2}}$$

t

-

1
2

for energy correlators. The shape of these peaks is described by the Pearcey integral. Crucial for our analysis is an appropriate generalisation of spacings, i.e. differences of the positions of neighbouring particles, that are used as spatial variables in the case of nearest neighbour interactions. Using the theory of circulant matrices we are able to introduce a quantity that retains both localisation and analytic viability. This also allows us to define and analyse some additional quantities used for nearest neighbour chains. Finally, we study numerically the evolution of the correlation functions after adding nonlinear perturbations to our model. Within the time range of our numerical simulations the asymptotic description of the linear case seems to persist for small nonlinear perturbations while stronger nonlinearities change shape and decay rates of the peaks significantly.
Does it pay off to smile even it is not authentic? Customers’ involvement and the effectiveness of authentic emotional displays
Authors: Olk Stephan , Tscheulin Dieter K. , Lindenmeier Jörg 
Published: March 2021

AbstractResearch has shown that while the authenticity of positive emotional displays plays an important role in service encounters, it has not yet demonstrated a universally positive effect on customers’ behavior. This study, which is the first to present customer involvement as a contextual factor that influences customers’ processing, provides a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of the authenticity of emotional displays. The model is based on expectation disconfirmation theory and emotional contagion theory and is validated in a field experiment and two laboratory experiments that use video stimuli with actors in real-world contexts. The results show that even inauthentic displays can meet customers’ expectations depending on their involvement and that high-involvement customers adapt to employees’ authentic emotions more strongly than low-involvement customers do. In summary, the presented model strengthens the understanding of the role of authentic displays and provides an approach to improve the effectiveness of emotional labor strategies.
Uncoupling Protein 2 Deficiency Enhances NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Following Hyperglycemia-Induced Exacerbation of Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion Damage In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Zhang Ting , He Mao-Tao , Zhang Xiao-Peng , Jing Li , Zhang Jian-Zhong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) deficiency exacerbates brain damage following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). The Nod-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome also plays a vital role in cerebral I/R damage. However, the effect of UCP2 on NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated hyperglycemia and I/R damage is not clear. In the present study, UCP2-knockout (UCP2−/−) and wild-type (WT) mice were used to establish a model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion under normo- and hyperglycemic conditions. HT22 cells were established as a model of oxygen–glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) with high glucose to mimic hyperglycemia and I/R in vitro. HT22 cells were treated with/without different concentrations of the UCP2-specific inhibitor genipin for different periods of time. The results showed that UCP2 deficiency significantly increased histopathological changes and apoptosis after cerebral I/R damage in hyperglycemic mice. Moreover, UCP2 deficiency enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in neurons when cerebral I/R damage was exacerbated by hyperglycemia. Furthermore, UCP2 deficiency enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in HT22 cells under OGD/R and high-glucose conditions. UCP2 deficiency aggravated hyperglycemia-induced exacerbation of cerebral I/R damage. UCP2 deficiency also enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and ROS production in neurons in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that UCP2 deficiency enhances NLRP3 inflammasome activation following hyperglycemia-induced exacerbation of cerebral I/R damage in vitro and in vivo. UCP2 may be a potential therapeutic target for hyperglycemia-induced exacerbation of cerebral I/R damage.
Enhancing validity, reliability and participation in self-reported health outcome measurement for children and young people: a systematic review of recall period, response scale format, and administration modality
Authors: Coombes L. , Bristowe K. , Ellis-Smith C. , Aworinde J. , Fraser L. K. , Downing J. , Bluebond-Langner M. , Chambers L. , Murtagh F. E. M. , Harding R. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Self-report is the gold standard for measuring children’s health-related outcomes. Design of such measures is complex and challenging. This review aims to systematically appraise the evidence on recall period, response scale format, mode of administration and approaches needed to enable children and young people < 19 years to participate in valid and reliable self-reporting of their health outcomes.

Method
PsycInfo, Medline, CINAHL and Embase were searched from 1 January 1990 to 15 March 2020, and citation searching undertaken in Scopus. Articles were included if they were primary research or case reports of ≥ 3 participants reporting the following: recall period, response scale selection, administration modality. Quality was assessed using QualSyst, and results synthesised narratively. This review was conducted and reported according to PRISMA guidelines.

Results
81 of 13,215 retrieved articles met the inclusion criteria. Children < 5 years old cannot validly and reliably self-report health outcomes. Face scales demonstrate better psychometric properties than visual analogue or Likert scales. Computerised and paper scales generally show equivalent construct validity. Children prefer computerised measures. Children ≤ 7 years old think dichotomously so need two response options. Those > 8 years old can reliably use a 3-point scale.

Conclusion
The results of this review have both clinical and research implications. They can be used to inform appropriate choice of PROM for use with CYP in the clinical setting. We also give eight recommendations for future development of self-reported outcome measures for children and young people.
Augmented Reality Application for Handheld Devices
Authors: Falomo Bernarduzzi Lidia , Bernardi Ester Maria , Ferrari Alberto , Garbarino Maria Carla , Vai Andrea 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Pavia University History Museum, which houses historic items mainly connected to the physics and medicine fields, has focused in the past years on new ways to involve its public and to attract new audiences. Among different approaches, digital technologies have proven important to both external and internal communication. Lately, an Augmented Reality application has been made available to visitors, offering in one tool multimedia material of a historical-scientific nature: stories, 3D animations, images and user-generated video storytelling (developed mainly by University students, one of our least present demographics before the App, and younger students, who typically participate in the annual co-creative project). The App was designed to be as non-intrusive and discreet as possible, to preserve the historic ambiance of the museum, to unite social and educational aspects, to register user behaviour and to make the museum experience more vibrant and active and therefore captivating.
Just world beliefs, personal success and beliefs in conspiracy theories
Authors: Furnham Adrian 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDo those who believe in conspiracy theories feel less happy and healthy than others? Do they believe the world is simply unjust? This study was concerned with how demographic factors, personal ratings of success, personal ideology (political and religious beliefs) and Just World Beliefs are related to Conspiracy Theories. In total, 406 participants completed two questionnaires: Just World scale (Rubin & Peplau, 1975) and Conspiracy Theories Inventory (Swami et al., 2010) and provided various personal details. The Just World Scale yielded two scores: Just and Unjust beliefs. Participants also reported on their health, happiness and success and a reliable composite measure of well-being was computed. A regression showed younger males, with Unjust World beliefs and politically right-wing views, were more likely to endorse Conspiracy Theories. The discussion revolved around explaining individual differences in accepting these theories. Implications and limitations are discussed.
Express delivery logistics with high-speed railway: a perspective of payment scheme and forecast information sharing
Authors: Duan Huawei , Ye Yusen , Lei Zheng , Wang Mengting 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the payment scheme and forecast information sharing issues in the express delivery logistics with the high-speed railway. The HSR carriers need to coordinate the transportation capacity between passenger and freight. It is widely recognized that the advance payment scheme (APS) using as deposit is a beneficial way for the HSR carriers to make decisions on the transportation capacity preserved for express delivery. However, the express service providers, who possess private forecast information of express delivery demand, may share inaccurate information with the HSR carriers to acquire sufficient preserved transportation capacity. This paper discusses what payment scheme is preferred by the HSR carrier, the express service provider through discussing the deposit decisions with or without forecast information sharing. We show that sharing demand forecast information can reduce the prereserved capacity and increase the profits of the HSR carrier. With the delayed payment scheme (DPS), the express service provider has no motivation to share the information; while with the APS, the HSR carrier can reasonably choose the deposit to encourage the express service provider to share the demand information. Our analysis also shows that the HSR carrier’s profits with the APS is restricted by the investment returns and the express service provider’s information sharing decisions. We also analyze the value range of the deposit, which is a proportion of the overall payment, that allows both the HSR carrier and the express service provider to prefer the APS, as well as to encourage the express service provider to share the demand information.
Towards High-Energy and Anti-Self-Discharge Zn-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors with New Understanding of the Electrochemistry
Authors: Li Yang , Yang Wang , Yang Wu , Wang Ziqi , Rong Jianhua , Wang Guoxiu , Xu Chengjun , Kang Feiyu , Dong Liubing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAqueous Zn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSs) are increasingly being studied as a novel electrochemical energy storage system with prominent electrochemical performance, high safety and low cost. Herein, high-energy and anti-self-discharge ZHSs are realized based on the fibrous carbon cathodes with hierarchically porous surface and O/N heteroatom functional groups. Hierarchically porous surface of the fabricated free-standing fibrous carbon cathodes not only provides abundant active sites for divalent ion storage, but also optimizes ion transport kinetics. Consequently, the cathodes show a high gravimetric capacity of 156 mAh g−1, superior rate capability (79 mAh g−1 with a very short charge/discharge time of 14 s) and exceptional cycling stability. Meanwhile, hierarchical pore structure and suitable surface functional groups of the cathodes endow ZHSs with a high energy density of 127 Wh kg−1, a high power density of 15.3 kW kg−1 and good anti-self-discharge performance. Mechanism investigation reveals that ZHS electrochemistry involves cation adsorption/desorption and Zn4SO4(OH)6·5H2O formation/dissolution at low voltage and anion adsorption/desorption at high voltage on carbon cathodes. The roles of these reactions in energy storage of ZHSs are elucidated. This work not only paves a way for high-performance cathode materials of ZHSs, but also provides a deeper understanding of ZHS electrochemistry.
Integers representable as differences of linear recurrence sequences
Authors: Tichy Robert , Vukusic Ingrid , Yang Daodao , Ziegler Volker 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLet $$\{U_n\}_{n \ge 0}$$

{

U
n

}

n
≥
0

and $$\{V_m\}_{m \ge 0}$$

{

V
m

}

m
≥
0

be two linear recurrence sequences. We establish an asymptotic formula for the number of integers c in the range $$[-x, x]$$

[
-
x
,
x
]

which can be represented as differences $$ U_n - V_m$$

U
n

-

V
m

. In particular, the density of such integers is 0.
Big data challenges in overcoming China’s water and air pollution: relevant data and indicators
Authors: Zhang Bo , Hughes Robert M. , Davis Wayne S. , Cao Cong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBig data are potentially useful for environmental management planning and actions that can be directed toward pollution control. China is using big data approaches to help reduce its current levels of pollution. However, also needed are better environmental indicators, measurement technologies, data management and reporting, and adaptive management and enforcement. Based on continental-extent monitoring and assessment programs in Europe and the USA, we recommend three major programmatic changes for China. (1) Establish long-term systemic environmental and human health objectives and indicators. (2) Adopt national standard methods for survey designs, sampling and analytical protocols, statistical analyses, and collaborative sampling programs. (3) Provide a transparent process for reporting and correcting data errors.
Approaches for assessing communication in human-autonomy teams
Authors: Baker Anthony L. , Fitzhugh Sean M. , Huang Lixiao , Forster Daniel E. , Scharine Angelique , Neubauer Catherine , Lematta Glenn , Bhatti Shawaiz , Johnson Craig J. , Krausman Andrea , Holder Eric , Schaefer Kristin E. , Cooke Nancy J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEvaluation of team communication can provide critical insights into team dynamics, cohesion, trust, and performance on joint tasks. Although many communication-based measures have been tested and validated for human teams, this review article extends this research by identifying key approaches specific to human-autonomy teams. It is not possible to identify all approaches for all situations, though the following seem to generalize and support multi-size teams and a variety of military operations. Therefore, this article will outline several key approaches to assessing communication, associated data requirements, example applications, verification of methods through HAT use cases, and lessons learned, where applicable. Some approaches are based on the structure of team communication; others draw from dynamical systems theory to consider perspectives across different timescales; other approaches leverage features of team members’ voices or facial expressions to detect emotional states that can provide windows into other workings of the team; still others consider the content of communication to produce insights. Taken together, these approaches comprise a varied toolkit for deriving critical information about how team interactions affect, and are affected by, coordination, trust, cohesion, and performance outcomes. Future research directions describe four critical areas for further study of communication in human-autonomy teams.