bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Composite pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma-ganglioneuroma: analysis of SDH and ATRX status, and identification of frequent HRAS and BRAF mutations
Authors: Chen Jingci , Wu Yan , Wang Pengyan , Wu Huanwen , Tong Anli , Chang Xiaoyan 
Published: July 2021

Introduction
Composite pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (CP) is a rare neoplasm with most cases presented as single reports. Little is known about its pathogenesis and relationship with ordinary pheochromocytoma (PCC) or paraganglioma (PGL). Our study is aimed at analyzing the status of SDH and ATRX and identifying novel genetic changes in CP.

Methods
Eighteen CP cases were collected. SDH and ATRX status was screened by immunohistochemistry. Targeted region sequencing (TRS) was successfully performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues in two cases within 3 years. Based on the TRS result, Sanger sequencing of BRAF and HRAS was performed in fifteen cases (including the two cases with TRS performed), with three cases excluded due to the limited amount of tissue.

Results
Histopathologically, all the cases were composite PCC/PGL-ganglioneuroma (GN). The GN components were either closely admixed or juxtaposed with the PCC/PGL components, with a highly variable percentage (10–80%). All cases stained positive for SDHB and ATRX. HRAS and BRAF mutations were identified during TRS. In the subsequent Sanger sequencing, 20.0% (3/15) harbored BRAF mutations (K601E and K601N) and 46.7% (7/15) harbored HRAS mutations (Q61R, Q61L, G13R). The mutation rates were both significantly higher than reported in ordinary PCC/PGL.

Conclusions
We demonstrated that composite PCC/PGL-GN might be a unique entity with frequent HRAS and BRAF mutations rather than genetic changes of SDH and ATRX. Our findings revealed the possible pathogenesis of composite PCC/PGL-GN and provided clues for potential treatment targets.
INDICIOS DE JUGABILIDAD EN LAS INTERACCIONES MOTRICES DE UN JUEGO DE TRÍADA
Authors: Navarro-Adelantado V. , Pic M. 
Published: July 2021

Se investigaron las claves de jugabilidad en un juego de persecución de tríada carente de una conexión en su grafo entre dos de los tres equipos. Todo ello, a través de las interacciones de roles, subroles, emisiones y recepciones (positivas y negativas; intragrupo e intergrupos). Participaron 21 jugadores de enseñanza secundaria (M = 12.5; DT = 1) y se aplicó una metodología observacional. Se analizaron regularidades, descriptivamente y a través de Theme v.6 (p<.005), que señalaron las soluciones estratégicas dentro de una lógica interna del sistema, particularmente respecto a la incidencia del reequilibrio en la estrategia del juego. La reducción de la complejidad triádica al jugar señala indicios de jugabilidad, al adecuarse las decisiones a la criticalidad afrontando la carencia de conexión estructural de la tríada estudiada. Los estados de emergencia sistémicos afectaron de forma asimétrica, coaligando dos equipos débiles frente a un bando fuerte, y prolongando así el juego.
Aplicación de la inteligencia artificial en Odontología
Authors: Cacñahuaray-Martínez Génesis , Gómez-Meza Dora , Lamas-Lara Víctor , Guerrero María Eugenia 
Published: July 2021

En este artículo se revisó sobre inteligencia artificial (IA) y su aplicación en el campo odontológico. El objetivo fue revisar la evidencia sobre inteligencia artificial y su aplicación en las diferentes especialidades odontológicas. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos de Medline/PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science desde el año 2017 al 2021. Se encontraron 321 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 62, que mostraron la aplicación de la IA en seis especialidades: periodoncia, implantología, odontología forense, medicina y patología oral, ortodoncia y diagnóstico/cariología/endodoncia. Se encontró que la especialidad con más artículos sobre el tópico de IA fue la de diagnóstico/cariología/endodoncia y el tipo de inteligencia artificial que más se utilizó fue el de red neural convolucional. Se concluyó que la IA se está utilizando ampliamente en odontología demostrando resultados prometedores ya que muestran una precisión equivalente a la de diferentes especialistas capacitados y en algunos casos superan los errores humanos demostrando excelentes resultados.
“The New Man” On-Demand: A Student in Lithuanian Schools of the Late Soviet Years (1964–1988)
Authors: Naudžiūnienė Akvilė 
Published: July 2021

This article presents a socio-historical study that combines an analysis of the theoretical model of the “new man” in the late Soviet period (1964–1988) with an empirical study of personal experiences of people who were students at schools in the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic (LSSR) during this period. The aim is to analyze how the teaching and learning process were organized during the late Soviet period in LSSR schools, how it was understood by the participants of this study, and what were the possible differences in the experiences of schoolchildren. Also, it is equally important to determine which of the schoolchildren’s experiences in this period could be qualified as “unifying experiences” that formed the mentality of the late Soviet period generation. These experiences are compared with the common Soviet vision of the “new man” education, which was also changing during the late Soviet period. While searching for the answer to how much of the theoretical “new man” model was adopted by this last Soviet generation in LSSR, we use a post-revisionist approach and focus on the narrative of everyday history – what it meant to be schoolchildren in Soviet schools. The research revealed that the formal institutionalization of collective life for schoolchildren through Pioneer or Komsomol organizations was ineffective in creating a collective community feeling between the young generation. During the late Soviet period in LSSR schools there were four main disciplinary practices: formal notices by writing or by word, unsanctioned physical punishments, preventive disciplinary practices, and informal shaming. The last informal disciplinary practice was considered by schoolchildren in todays perspective as the most effective means of discipline at schools. These practices reflected the model of monitoring each other in the adult Soviet society and formed the horizontal control system involving students, their parents, and teachers. The research revealed a preliminary informal social stratification of children in LSSR schools during the late Soviet period. It was not related to the vision of “the new man” education but encouraged an already existing division within the LSSR society. This was a complete departure from the ethical-moral visions of educating “the new man” in schools, which were based on the demolition of the established class division, enabling this “new man” to create a welfare of socialist society by their own hard work and heroic achievements.
Crecimiento de la productividad total de los factores en Costa Rica e inestabilidad macroeconómica
Authors: Robles Edgar A 
Published: July 2021

El presente trabajo utiliza la metodología de contabilidad de crecimiento, llamada Two-Deflator Approach, para estimar la productividad total de los factores (PTF) en Costa Rica entre 1960 y 2019. Los resultados indican que el 14 % del crecimiento económico es explicado por el crecimiento de la PTF. El resto del crecimiento económico se asocia a las contribuciones del capital (52%) y del trabajo (34%), las cuales han sido positivas durante todas las décadas de este periodo. En cuanto a la contribución del trabajo, su aporte al crecimiento económico ha sido por la cantidad y no por la calidad de la mano de obra, con excepción del primer (1960-1969) y último periodo (2010-2019) en donde la calidad aportó positivamente al crecimiento económico. En términos de cambios, los resultados muestran que el 69% del cambio en la tasa de crecimiento durante el periodo está explicado por cambios en la PTF; el restante 31 % se explica por cambios en las contribuciones de los factores de producción (trabajo y capital).
Una vez estimada la PTF, se utiliza un modelo GARCH para estimar la relación entre la instabilidad macroeconómica y el crecimiento de la PTF. Así, se encontró evidencia de que el crecimiento de la PTF en Costa Rica se ve afectado negativamente por inflaciones altas. Por su parte, el crecimiento de la PTF se beneficia de un mayor crecimiento de la apertura comercial, medida por la suma de importaciones y exportaciones a PIB, y se perjudica cuando existe una mayor volatilidad de la profundización financiera, medida por la razón de M1 o M2 al PIB.
Diferentes perspectivas sobre teoría económica
Authors: Hartley-Ballestero Rocío 
Published: July 2021

El artículo es una síntesis de los aportes de algunos pensadores económicos, en relación a cómo estructuraron un modelo macroeconométrico. Este trabajo integra autores que usualmente no son analizados conjuntamente, lo que permite una sintaxis, que facilita la comparación de sus perspectivas sobre teoría económica o reglas de cierre. Es un compendio muy difícil de encontrar, en la abundante literatura especializada, la cual no aborda, además, las especificidades metodológicas de cada autor, en relación a cómo utilizaron las reglas de cierre en sus respectivos modelos. Este vacío es lo que pretende subsanar el documento, utilizando una homogénea estructura matemática, que facilite visualizar y comprender con claridad, cómo cerraron sus correspondientes modelos estos pensadores. Se da cuenta en el análisis de que es posible hacer combinaciones de diversos pensamientos, que conduzcan a un resultado coherente de la realidad que se desea analizar. Posteriormente, se sintetizan las escuelas de pensamiento que los representan.
Tecnologia educacional para idosos sobre prevenção do HIV/Aids: validação semântica
Authors: Jorge Correia de Abreu Wilson , De Oliveira Cabral Melo Priscila , Teixeira Elizabeth , Gomes Guedes Tatiane 
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: validar a aparência do jogo de tabuleiro “Mural do Risco” sobre prevenção do HIV/aids com idosos. Método: estudo metodológico de validação semântica/de aparência com o público-alvo/idosos em contexto escolar, guiado pelo modelo de Pasquali. Aplicou-se instrumento com 20 itens referentes aos domínios objetivo, organização, estilo da escrita, aparência e motivação. A coleta de dados, realizada de modo síncrono com dez pessoas idosas, ocorreu em janeiro e fevereiro de 2021. Para a análise, considerou-se um Índice de Concordância Semântica mínimo igual ou superior a 0,80. Resultado: todos os itens obtiveram Índice de Concordância Semântico igual ou superior a 0,80 e as sugestões foram acatadas integralmente, o que possibilitou a estruturação da versão final do jogo. Conclusão: o jogo de tabuleiro “Mural do Risco” foi considerado adequado pelo público-alvo e poderá ser utilizado como estratégia de ensino na prática clínica e educacional como dispositivo de prevenção do HIV/aids entre pessoas idosas.
«Todos contra el Payo y el Payo contra todos»… y la poética neoclásica
Authors: Terán Elizondo María Isabel 
Published: July 2021

El escrito analiza la pieza dramática Todos contra el Payo y el Payo contra todos o la visita del Payo en el hospital de locos. Coloquio en tres actos y escrito en verso, atribuida a José Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi, con el objetivo de identificar en ella los rastros de una poética neoclásica. Para ello se cotejan las características de la obra con la Poética de Luzán y con El discurso sobre los dramas de Silvestre Díaz de la Vega, documento elaborado por éste a petición de Bernardo de Gálvez como parte de la reforma general del teatro en la Nueva España impulsada por este virrey.PALABRAS CLAVELiteratura novohispana, Fernández de Lizardi, literatura neoclásica. This paper analyzes the dramatic piece Todos contra el Payo y el Payo contra todos o la visita del Payo en el hospital de locos. Coloquio en tres actos y escrito en verso, attributed to José Joaquín Fernández de Lizardi, with the aim of identifying it in traces of a neo-classical Poetics. To that end the characteristics of this piece are compared to Poética of Luzán and El discurso sobre los dramas of Silvestre Díaz de la Vega, document prepared by himself at the request of Bernardo de Gálvez as part of the overall reform of theatreKEY WORDSNovohispana literature, Fernández de Lizardi, neoclassical literature.
La lealtad insuficiente. Las dos últimas cartas de Manuel Abad y Queipo al rey Fernando VII
Authors: Pedro Antonio E. de , Ordoñez Norma 
Published: July 2021

Este texto analiza los contenidos de las dos últimas cartas que el eclesiástico y antiguo obispo de Michoacán Manuel Abad y Queipo le envía al rey español Fernando VII, en enero y mayo de 1825, solicitándole la exoneración de los cargos en su contra y excarcelación, en virtud de los servicios y lealtad que siempre le había profesado al soberano y la monarquía española.PALABRAS CLAVEManuel Abad y Queipo, Fernando VII, Constitución de Cádiz, absolutismo, Trienio Liberal, independencia de México.This text analizes the contents of the last two letters that the asturian ecclesiastic and former bishop of Michoacán, Manuel Abad y Queipo has sent to the Spanish king Ferdinand VII in January and May of 1825. In those letters, he requested the exoneration monarchy.KEY WORDSManuel Abad y Queipo, Ferdinand VII, Constitution of Cadiz, absolutism, Liberal Triennium, independence of Mexico.
El «Don Quichotte» de Florian: la revolución a la pastoril
Authors: Colahan Clark 
Published: July 2021

Florian contribuyó en mayor medida que cualquier otro traductor a la gloriosa fortuna de Cervantes en Francia. Es fundamental lo pastoril/campesino en Florian. Una corriente de la crítica actual afirma que la gran boga del género durante los primeros años de la Revolución no representa el deseado regreso del Antiguo Régimen que se ha supuesto, sino que miran los autores –asustados pero esperanzados- hacia un futuro constituido por lo mejor tanto del pasado como del futuro. Así nos encontramos en Florian ante un curioso revolucionario. Abundan los pasajes que reducen las alusiones a las proezas violentas de los caballeros como los que ensanchan la atención dedicada a las actividades amorosas. En el retrato que se ofrece de la mente femenina, representada por la Marcela cervantina, la idea principal de su auto-defensa no es ninguna rebelión contra las expectativas masculinas, sino una reivindicación como pastora autónoma de los derechos humanos de todos y todas proclamados por la Revolución Francesa. Para Florian, los fingidos pastores y pastoras no representaban tanto una lírica convención literaria como unos modélicos portadores de valores fundamentales de una sociedad en procelosa travesía.PALABRAS CLAVELa revolución filosófica del XVIII, idealización francesa de Cervantes, valores aristocráticos y campesinos, los derechos de las mujeres. Florian, more than any other translator, contributed to the glorius reputation of Cervantes in France. In Florian´s thinking there is a basic pastoral and peasant element in the Revolution. A current within present historical criticism maintains that the great popularity of this genre then does not represent a longed-for return of the Old Regime, as has been assumed, but rather that authors –frightened but hopeful- looked forward to a future grounded in the best of both a nostalgic past as well as an optimistic view of the future. From this perspective we find Florian today to be a surprising revolutionary. There are abundant passages that cut back references to knights’ violent deeds. Similarly, in the portrait offered of the feminine mind, represented by Cervantes’ Marcela, the main tenant of her self-defense is not any rebellion against male expectations, but rather the assertion by an autonomous shepherdess of the human rights of everyone, men and women, proclaimed by the French Revolution. For Florian, these feigned shepherds and shepherdesses do not represent so much a lyrical literary convention as worthy representatives of the basic values of a society that finds itself adrift on a stormy crossing.KEY WORDSThe 18th-century philosophical revolution, French idealization of Cervantes, aristocratic and peasant values, women’s rights.
Seismic Monitoring during Crises at the NEIC in Support of the ANSS
Authors: Earle Paul S. , Benz Harley M. , Yeck William L. , Hayes Gavin P. , Guy Michelle R. , Patton John M. , Kragness David S. , Mason David B. , Shiro Brian R. , Wolin Emily L. G. , Bellini John J. , Pursley Jana , Sanders Robert L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Over the past two decades, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) has overcome many operational challenges. These range from minor disruptions, such as power outages, to significant operational changes, including system reconfiguration to handle unique earthquake sequences and the need to handle distributed work during a pandemic. Our ability to overcome crises is built on the development and implementation of a continuity of operations plan, well-designed infrastructure, adaptive software systems, experienced staff, and extensive collaboration. The NEIC does not operate in a vacuum but benefits from contributions of United States and international seismic networks. Similarly, the overall resilience of earthquake monitoring in the United States and around the globe benefits from the NEIC’s role as the national center for the Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS). Here, we highlight significant adaptations the NEIC has made in the face of crises. We discuss the COVID-19 pandemic, which represents the most significant operational crisis to impact the NEIC. The NEIC has maintained continuous operations during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic by shifting from a fully onsite operations center to a distributed hybrid of onsite and telework staffing. We then discuss cases in which the NEIC has supported regional monitoring in the face of significant crises. In 2018, the NEIC assisted the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory with the Kīlauea volcano eruption by responding to large events, implementing contingency monitoring procedures, and calculating moment magnitudes for the low-frequency caldera collapses. Impacts of a crisis extend beyond the immediate response and often require a significant postevent assessment and a rebuilding phase. After the 2017 Hurricane Maria, the NEIC, the USGS National Strong-Motion Program, and the USGS Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory worked with the Puerto Rico Seismic Network and the Puerto Rico Strong-Motion program to assess, plan, and implement upgrades at sites that experienced storm damage.
On Andean structure, Part II: Earthquake risk in Chile
Authors: Lomnitz C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The problem of earthquake risk in Chile is discussed in terms of seismic history, geotectonic provinces and regional variations in earthquake incidence. Seismic zoning is impractical because all of Chile above Parallel 42° South has been within the epicentral area of some destructive earthquake.
The probability concept of earthquake risk is discussed in reference to the seismicity of Santiago. It is found that the earthquake risk at Santiago for an acceleration of 0.1 g is 62.5% in any 10-year period. For the same interval, the risk of a “destructive” earthquake (intensity 8 1/2) is of the order of 20%.
The effect of boundaries on wave propagation in a liquidfilled porous solid: VIII. Reflection of planewaves at an irregular boundary
Authors: Deresiewicz H. , Wolf B. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A study is made of the reflected field arising from body waves incident on a rough boundary of a saturated porous medium. The perturbation method employed here imposes restrictions on the boundaries; these restrictions are discussed in detail and it is pointed out how the presence of dissipation in the medium places additional constraints on admissible boundaries. Further, it is shown that the reflected field consists of specularly reflected waves and scattered waves which may take on the character of surface motions, and that because of viscosity in the liquid phase of the medium all waves are dispersed and dissipated. In the presence of a periodic boundary, when the frequency of the field is such that these surface waves are true Rayleigh waves, resonances occur in the scattered waves. Finally, numerical and graphical results are given for the problem of reflections generated at a sinusoidal boundary by normally incident waves of low and high frequencies, respectively, in a medium whose material constands correspond to those for a certain sample of a kerosene-saturated sandstone.
Determination of the natural periods of buildings
Authors: Crawford R. , Ward H. S. 
Published: July 2021

abstract
Random wind excitation has been used to find the first three modes of vibration of a nineteenstory building about the two major translational axes and the torsional axis of the building. Vibration records were obtained with Willmore electromagnetic seismometers feeding into a multichannel magnetic tape recorder. A harmonic analysis was then performed with the aid of an analogue computer to determine the first few vibration modes. Concurrently with the experimental program the building modes were computed two ways using different simplifying assumptions regarding the lateral stiffness of the structure.
Analysis of the convergence properties of Rubenstein's method for the determination of the lower modes of vibration of a multi-degree of freedom system
Authors: O'Kelly M. E. J. 
Published: July 2021

abstract
This paper analyzes the convergence properties of a method, recently proposed by Rubenstein, for the determination of the lower modes of vibration of a multi-degree of freedom system from a reduced eigenvalue problem. It is shown that under certain conditions the method converges to the exact eigenvalues. It does not have global convergence and hence some care must be exercised when using it.
A Fourier transform method of apparent velocity measurement
Authors: Shima Etsuzo , McCamy Keith , Meyer Robert P. 
Published: July 2021

abstract
By measuring the differences in phase angle of Fourier spectral densities across a fixed array, apparent velocities may be determined at a number of frequencies. Because the analysis is carried out in the frequency domain, determination may be objectively restricted to regions of the spectrum giving consistent phase relations between array elements.
Using an array of approximately 1.25 km length, the apparent velocities of the first arrivals from the 1962 North Carolina experiment were determined for shots from 45 to 155 km. No indication of an increase in velocity with range between 55 and 140 km was found.
Body force equivalents for seismic dislocations
Authors: Burridge R. , Knopoff L. 
Published: July 2021

abstract
An explicit expression is derived for the body force to be applied in the absence of a dislocation, which produces radiation identical to that of the dislocation. This equivalent force depends only upon the source and the elastic properties of the medium in the immediate vicinity of the source and not upon the proximity of any reflecting surfaces. The theory is developed for dislocations in an anisotropic inhomogeneous medium; in the examples isotropy is assumed. For displacement dislocation faults, the double couple is an exact equivalent body force.