bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction Between Silicone Oil and Silicone Intraocular Lenses: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Senn Peter , Schmid Martin K , Schipper Isaak , Hendrickson Phillip 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The objective of this study was to examine the interaction between silicone oil and silicone intraocular lenses (IOLs) in vitro. Six types of silicone IOLs were placed in silicone oil (1000 or 5000 centistokes) for 1 minute, 7 days, and 420 days. Slit-lamp examination, target photographs, and opacity measurements were performed. Optical measurements were repeated in a balanced salt solution after removal from the oil. The IOL surface was examined through scanning electron microscopy, and surface irregularities underwent x-ray spectroscopy. No changes were observed while the IOLs were stored in silicone oil, but in the balanced salt solution, the IOLs were observed to have a layer of silicone oil droplets that reduced the optical quality. Scanning electron microscopy showed that oil-coated foreign body particles were simulating IOL surface defects. After ultrasonic cleaning with ethanol, the oil layer was broken, and no damage to the IOL surface could be detected. The length of exposure to silicone oil, the type of oil, and the type of IOL were found to have no bearing on the interaction between silicone oil and silicone IOLs. Although no surface damage is incurred by silicone IOLs from silicone oil, the reduction in optical quality and fundus view due to remnant oil droplets seems to indicate that complex cases requiring silicone oil injection may contraindicate IOLs made of silicone.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:776-779.]
The Accuracy of Finger Tension for Estimating Intraocular Pressure After Penetrating Keratoplasty
Authors: Rubinfeld Roy S , Cohen Elisabeth J , Laibson Peter R , Arentsen Juan J , Lugo Miguel , Genvert Gail I 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Intraocular pressure (IOP) estimation by Goldmann tonometry is inaccurate in the immediate postoperative period after penetrating keratoplasty. For this reason, many corneal surgeons use a finger tension (FT) IOP estimation technique in the early post-keratoplasty period. The authors performed a prospective clinical study to evaluate the accuracy of this traditional technique.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: FT estimates were performed by three experienced corneal surgeons on 68 patients on the first and second days after penetrating keratoplasty. These estimates were compared with MacKay-Marg (MM) tonometry readings for these patients.
* RESULTS: The mean confident FT from the pooled data of the three surgeons exceeded the MM reading by 5.0 mm Hg (22.6 vs. 17.6). The mean FT exceeded the MM reading by only 3.9 mm Hg for the most accurate surgeon. Some observers were significantly more accurate than others, however, lid edema and tenderness of the globe markedly diminished the FT accuracy of all of the observers at significance levels of P < .001 and P < .01, respectively. Among all of the FT estimates, in only one patient (2%) did the FT underestimate the MM reading by more than 10 mm Hg.
* CONCLUSION: The authors' results suggest that for some patients, and for some surgeons, the FT or digital method of IOP estimation remains useful for detecting elevated IOP early after corneal transplantation if the proper technique is used and substantial lid edema and patient discomfort are absent.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1998;29:213-215.]
Quantification of Holmium:YAG and Thulium:YAG Laser-Induced Scleral Shrinkage for Buckling Procedures
Authors: Sasoh Mikio , Parel Jean-Marie , Manns Fabrice , Nose Izuru , Comander Jason , Smiddy William E 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To quantify and compare holmium:YAG (2.1 µm) and thulium:YAG (2.0 pm) laser-induced scleral shrinkage for retinal buckling procedures.
* MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two overlap ping spots of either laser radiation were applied at the equatorial sclera of 50 human cadaver eyes. Scleral shrinkage was expressed as a relative change of length between two reference points on the scleral surface, and quantified as a function of energy per pulse, total energy, scleral thickness, and intraocular pressure (IOP). Tissue effects were studied histopathologically.
* RESULTS: Shrinkage was most dependent on total fluence and attained a maximum of 27% to 30% with an IOP of 4 mm Hg, regardless of scleral thickness or laser parameters, but decreased with increasing IOP. The thulium:YAG laser produced more efficient scleral shrinkage and less collagen damage than the holmium:YAG laser.

* CONCLUSION: The recommended parameters for laser-induced scleral shrinkage are the thulium:YAG laser, with 2.4 J/cm
p 2
per pulse and 12.0 to 14.4 J/cm
p 2
total fluence (5 to 6 pulses). IOP control (≤ 4 mm Hg) is crucial during laser scleral buckling.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1998;29:410-421.]
Topical Tissue Plasminogen Activator Appears Ineffective for the Clearance of Intraocular Fibrin
Authors: Zwaan Johan , Latimer W Bruce 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of topical tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for the resolution of postoperative or inflammatory intraocular fibrinous exudates.* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Each treatment consisted of drops of 1 mg/ml tPA given 9 times 5 minutes apart. Records were reviewed and the results at 24 and 48 hours were recorded. Sixty-two patients had a total of 94 treatments.* RESULTS: Fibrin exudates following intraocular surgery in 34 patients were treated 44 times. In 6 patients there was a positive result. Fibrin associated with intraocular infection was treated in 9 patients. None showed clear improvement. Nineteen patients had a total of 34 treatments for poorly controlled intraocular pressure (IOP) after glaucoma surgery. Five patients showed adequate control of the IOP, 12 did not change, and 2 had a questionable improvement. Eleven patients had adequate IOP control after additional treatment. Seven required suture lysis, 2 ab interno bleb revision, and 2 YAG capsulotomy or iridotomy to reduce the IOP to an acceptable level.* CONCLUSIONS: Within the limits of this retrospective study and taking into account that fibrin may resolve spontaneously, it appears that topical tPA drops are not effective for the liquefaction of intraocular fibrin after surgery or in association with intraocular inflammation. They did not improve IOP control after glaucoma surgery.[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1998;29:476-483.]
Long-Term Results After Filtering Surgery With Limbal-Based and Fornix-Based Conjunctival Flaps
Authors: Auw-Haedrich C , Funk J , Boemer T G 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To compare the long-term results of filtering surgery using either a limbal-based or fornix-based flap.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1985 to 1988, 90 eyes of 81 glaucoma patients undergoing filtering surgery were included in a prospective randomized clinical trial. They were alternately operated on with either a limbal-based or fornix-based conjunctival flap. The authors evaluated the functional and morphologic long-term results of 34 eyes (18 fornix based, 16 limbal based) after a minimum follow-up of 6 years. Intraocular pressure (IOP), visual acuity, visual field, intensity of symptoms due to dry eyes, and corneal overlap of the filtering bleb using planimetry were reexamined.
* RESULTS: No statistically significant difference of IOP reduction, deterioration of visual acuity, deterioration of visual field, sicca score, or corneal overlap of the filtering bleb was found between the limbal-based and fornix-based groups. There was no correlation between corneal overlap of the filtering bleb and the sicca score.
* CONCLUSION: The long-term results of fornixbased and limbal-based filtering surgery did not show a statistically significant difference.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1998;29:575-580.]
Krypton Laser Suture Lysis
Authors: Aktan S Gulderen , Mandelkorn Robert M 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Traditionally, the argon laser has been used with suture lysis. The authors evaluate the krypton laser and define the parameters for the successful use of the laser with this procedure.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Five consecutive patients undergoing combined cataract and trabeculectomy surgery who were considered candidates for this procedure underwent krypton laser suture lysis. Three laser suture lysis contact lenses were used during this procedure. None of the patients underwent adjuvant chemotherapy in the form of either 5-fluorouracil or mitomycin-C.
* RESULTS: All five patients were successfully treated with the krypton laser. In all cases, the 10-0 nylon sutures were cut. No complications were observed in any patients. The only side effect observed was occasional mild pain noted by the first few patients during the procedure. As the krypton laser settings were adjusted, this problem was corrected.
* CONCLUSION: The krypton laser can be successfully used to cut 10-0 nylon sutures following trabeculectomy surgery.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1998;29:635-638.]
Changes in Anterior Chamber Depth and Intraocular Pressure After Phacoemulsification and Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Cekic Osman , Batman Cosar , Totan Yüksel , Emre M Ihsan , Zilelioglu Orhan 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To determine anterior chamber depth (ACD) and intraocular pressure (IOP) following uncomplicated cataract extraction with phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The ACDs and IOPs of 56 patients were prospectively evaluated after phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. Measurements of ACD were performed using ultrasonography and measurements of IOP were performed using a Goldmann applanation tonometer preoperatively and at 1 week and 1, 3, 6, and 9 months postoperatively.
RESULTS: The mean IOP had decreased and the mean ACD had increased significantly by 1 month postoperatively (P < .03 and P < .01, respectively). Between 1 and 3 months, a significant increase in ACD (P < .05) and decrease in IOP (P < .01) was also observed. The ACD peaked (3-51 ± 0.45 mm) and the IOP reached its lowest value (10.05 ± 2.23 mm Hg) at 3 months postoperatively. The reduction in IOP and increase in ACD remained significant during the follow-up period, compared with the preoperative values.
* CONCLUSION: These results suggest that increases in ACD and decreases in IOP occur in selected patients after uncomplicated cataract extraction by phacoemulsification with IOL implantation.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1998;29:639-642.]
Effect of Scleral Indentation on Diode Laser Transscleral Retinal Photocoagulation
Authors: Loewenstein Anat , Lamborne Andrew N , Haller Julia A , de Juan Eugene 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the degree of scleral indentation with a modified AlGaAs diode laser for transscleral retinopexy in the rabbit.
* MATERIALS AND METHODS: Transscleral diode laser photocoagulation was performed on the eyes of Dutch-belted rabbits using a modified AlGaAs diode laser with a wider base and various prism protrusions.
* RESULTS: The transscleral photocoagulation generally became more efficient with an increasing amount of scieral indentation. Effectiveness increased up to a prism protrusion of 1.5 mm.
* CONCLUSION: This study shows that a wide-based AlGaAs diode laser with a 1.5-mrn protrusion provides a more easily oriented probe for creating more efficient chorioretinal burns.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1998;29:658-662.]
Ocular Vascular Thrombosis Following Tin Ethyl Etiopurpurin (SnET2) Photodynamic Therapy: Time Dependencies
Authors: Moshfeghi Darius M , Peyman Gholam A , Moshfeghi Andrew A , Khoobehi Bahram , Primbs George B , Crean David H 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the optimal time from the end of photosensitizer injection to the commencement of light application for creating characteristic rundus lesions and the time to vascular occlusion following photodynamic therapy (PDT) with tin ethyl etiopurpurin (SnET2).

* MATERIALS AND METHODS: Following intravenous injection of SnET2 0.5 mg/kg or lipid emulsion alone, the fundus of rabbits was irradiated at different times (5 to 240 minutes) after photosensitizer injection using 664 ± 7-nm laser light with an irradiance of 354 mW/cm
p 2
and fluence of 20 J/cm
p 2
. Ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography were performed 1 day after SnET2 PDT. In separate groups of rabbits, treated areas of the fundus were imaged within 30 minutes following PDT using fluorescein vesicle and microsphere angiography with scanning laser ophthalmoscopy to document time of vascular occlusion. All animals were killed 1 day following treatment and eyes were examined by histopathotogy.

* RESULTS: Areas of hypofluorescence (indicating vascular occlusion) were seen when activating laser light was applied 5 to 20 minutes after SnET2 injection. Retinal vessels remained perfused in all cases. The time to vascular occlusion was 70 to 120 and 40 to 90 minutes in nonpigmented and pigmented rabbits, respectively. No safety issues were seen.
* CONCLUSION: PDT with SnET2 was effective in occluding the choriocapillaris. Activating light needs to be applied within a specific time frame after photosensitizer injection to achieve vascular occlusion.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1998;29:663-668.]
Combined Phacoemulsification and Trabeculectomy Versus Trabeculectomy Alone: A Comparison Study Using Mitomycin-C
Authors: Derick Robert J , Evans John , Baker N Douglas 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of combined phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy (PEM/TRAB) plus mitomycin-C with those of trabeculectomy alone (TRAB) plus mitomycin-C.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed 42 eyes in 38 consecutive patients who underwent combined PEM/TRAB with mitomycin-C. An age-matched control group of 42 patients who underwent TRAB with mitomycin-C during the same time period was randomly selected from 248 consecutive patients. All patients had a minimum of 12 months of follow-up.
* RESULTS: Mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) and number of glaucoma medications were similar for the two groups (22.8 ± 6.9 mm Hg vs 22.9 ± 6.8 mm Hg, 2.12 ± 0.8 vs 2.26 ±1.0 medications, combined PEM/TRAB vs TRAB, respectively). Postoperative IOP was significantly lower at all followup intervals. At final follow-up after a mean of 21.8 ± 6.0 months, IOP averaged 13-9 ± 5.1 mm Hg in the PEM/TRAB group and 12.3 ± 4.7 mm Hg in the TRAB group. Bleb survival was excellent in both groups, although slightly higher in the TRAB group (37 of 42 PEM/TRAB vs 41 of 42 TRAB). Both groups required significantly fewer glaucoma medications at final follow-up (0.38 ± 0.6 vs 0.5 ± 0.8, PEM/TRAB vs TRAB). Complications were similar between the two groups.
* CONCLUSION: The success rate for combined PEM/TRAB appears to approach that of TRAB alone.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1998;29:707-713.]
Episcleral Versus Combined Episcleral and Intrascleral Application of Mitomycin-C in Trabeculectomy
Authors: Vass C , Menapace R , Strenn K , Rainer G 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To determine whether intrascleral exposure to mitomycin-C (MMC) improves the control of intraocular pressure (IOP), increases the incidence of complications, or both.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively evaluated 38 eyes of 29 patients following the intraoperative application of MMC (0.2 mg/ml; 5 minutes). In 21 eyes the MMC-soaked sponge was applied to the intact episclera (episcleral group). In 17 eyes, two sponges, one episcleral and the other intrascleral (sandwich group), were applied. The median follow-up times were 19.0 (episcleral group) and 24.0 (sandwich group) months. Outcome measures were the IOP, the number of medications, success rates, and the incidence of complications.
* RESULTS: The only statistically significant difference between the two groups was the 2-week postoperative IOP, which was significantly lower in the episcleral group (P= .0314).
* CONCLUSION: Because there is no additional benefit, the authors recommend that the intrascleral application of MMC be avoided. However, they did not observe increased complication rates when MMC was applied in this way.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1998;29:714-721.]
Capsule-Bending Ring for the Prevention of Capsular Opacification: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Nishi Okihiro , Nishi Kayo , Menapace Rupert 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To report the preliminary results of a study on the preventive effect of the capsule-bending ring on anterior and posterior capsule opacification (ACO and PCO, respectively).
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The ring is an open, band-shaped, circular polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) ring measuring 11 mm in diameter with pre-tension (13 mm in diameter when the ring is open), 0.2 mm in thickness, and 0.7 mm in width. To retain sharp edges, the ring is not polished. The sharp edges should create a sharp, discontinuous capsular bend in the fornix, which induces contact inhibition of migrating lens epithelial cells after cataract surgery. This capsule-bending ring is inserted into the capsular fornix following phacoemulsification, prior to the implantation of an intraocular lens (IOL). In a multicenter trial, 100 patients were scheduled to undergo phacoemulsification and IOL implantation in both eyes within 1 month. The procedure was performed with the ring in 1 eye and without the ring in the other eye of each patient.
* RESULTS: The anterior capsule was prevented from coming into contact with the IOL, and ACO was significantly ieduced in the eyes with the ring, rendering the capsular opening larger 3 months after surgery. PCO was obviously reduced on slit-lamp examination in the follow-up period up to 6 months, but needs to be evaluated during a longer period.
* CONCLUSION: This band-shaped, sharp-edged capsule-bending ring may be useful for cases that need good fundus visualization for photocoagulation or expected vitreoretinal surgery and for the prevention of PCO.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1998;29:749-753.]
Digital Palpation of Intraocular Pressure
Authors: Birnbach Charles D , Leen Martha Motuz 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Previous studies investigating the accuracy of digital palpation through the eyelids to estimate intraocular pressure (IOP) have shown disappointing results. In this study, the accuracy of digital assessment of IOP by palpation of the bare cornea is investigated.
* MATERIALS AND METHODS: The IOP of a cadaveric eye model was varied from 5 to 40 mm Hg in increments of 5 mm Hg. Two examiners, one experienced and one inexperienced, digitally palpated the corneas and estimated IOP. The results were compared before and after a 1-hour training session.
* RESULTS: Prior to the training session, the experienced examiner guessed correctly 46% of the time and was correct within 5 mm Hg 100% of the time. The inexperienced examiner guessed correctly 21% of the time and was within 5 mm Hg 62% of the time. After the training session, the experienced examiner's score did not significantly change, whereas the inexperienced examiner improved significantly (38% correct, 88% within 5 mm Hg, P = .05.)
* CONCLUSIONS: Digital assessment of IOP by palpation of bare cornea is accurate when performed by experienced individuals. A minimal amount of training using the eye model may improve one's accuracy.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1998;29:754-757.]
The Outcome of the Functioning Filter After Subsequent Cataract Extraction
Authors: Halikiopoulos Demetrios , Moster Marlene R , Azuara-Blanco Augusto , WiIson Richard P , Schmidt Courtland M , Spaeth George L , Katz L Jay , Augsburger James J 
Published: April 2021

* OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the outcome of functioning filtration surgery followed by cataract surgery with posterior intraocular lens implantation by both phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) techniques in glaucomatous eyes.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical course of 77 eyes (68 patients) that after successful trabeculectomy, underwent cataract surgery by either phacoemulsification or ECCE techniques. We determined the frequency of partial and absolute failure following cataract surgery by either phacoemulsification or ECCE in eyes with functioning trabeculectomies. Partial failure of intraocular pressure (IOP), control after cataract extraction was defined as the need for an increased number of antiglaucoma medications or argon laser trabeculoplasty to maintain IOP <21mm Hg. Complete failure of IOP control after cataract surgery was defined as an IOP >21 mm Hg on at least two consecutive measurements one or more weeks apart or the performance of additional filtration surgery. Failure rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier actuarial method. Failure rates between phacoemulsification and ECCE subgroups were compared using the log rank test.
* RESULTS: The probability of partial failure by the third postoperative year after cataract surgery was 39.5% in the phacoemulsification subgroup and 37.3% in the ECCE subgroup. This small difference is not statistically significant (P= 0.48). The probability of complete failure by the fourth postoperative year after cataract surgery was 12.0% in the phacoemulsification subgroup and 12.5% in the ECCE subgroup. This difference is also not statistically significant (P = 0.77). At the 6-month follow-up visit, visual acuity of both groups improved one or more lines in 87.0% of patients, and worsened one or more lines in 3.9% of patients. Sixty-one percent achieved visual acuity of 20/40 or better. The most frequent complication was posterior capsular opacification requiring laser capsulotomy that occurred in 31.2% of patients.
* CONCLUSION: Cataract extraction by either phacoemulsification or ECCE following trabeculectomy surgery may be associated with a partial loss of the previously functioning filter and the need for more antiglaucoma medications to control IOP.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2001;32:108-117]
Hollow Bandage Contact Lens
Authors: Porges Yair , Ophir Avinoam 
Published: April 2021

* OBJECTIVE: To report on the use of a new bandage contact lens (BCL) for a leaking filtering bleb.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: A hollow BCL, with an internal central opening of 6 mm, has been applied on three eyes that had leaking blebs shortly after either trabeculectomy or combined cataract extraction and trabeculectomy, each with a fornixbased conjunctival flap.
* RESULTS: The treatment with this lens was found beneficial: the leakage subsided and the patients were comfortable with the lens. The internal hollow of the BCL enabled us to monitor the intraocular pressure throughout the entire follow-up period without transient and repeated removal of the BCL.
* CONCLUSION: The new hollow BCL was found efficacious. The study suggests that this lens may have advantages over the commonly used BCLs that are related to the elimination of the need for its frequent removal and reinsertion for tonometry. This decreases the risk of both the exposure of the lens and the filtering bleb to contamination and the interference with the continuity of the process of conjunctival epithelial closure.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2001;32:124-128]