bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Treatment-Oriented Classification and Treatment Algorithm for Comminuted Mandibular Fractures
Authors: Xu Xiaofeng , Zhu Fangxing , Wang Fawen , Liao Qian , Zhang Wenbin , Xu Bing , Shi Jun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aimed at proposing a new treatment-oriented classification and treatment algorithm of comminuted mandibular fractures which has a guidance effect on choosing management methods. Patients with comminuted mandibular fractures were retrospectively reviewed in the study and all the patients were classified as follows: Type I: mandibular morphology is sound without bone defect and treated conservatively with intermaxillary fixation (IMF); Type II: mandibular morphology is damaged while the degree of comminution is low and treated by open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) with miniplates; Type III: mandibular morphology is also damaged, but with a higher comminution degree and mass of comminuted. The occlusal relationship can be effectively regained by IMF and was done in the primary debridement. 7-10 days after that, ORIF with titanium meshes was performed in the staged operation; Type IV: comparing to the type III fracture, the occlusal relationship is unable to be regained only by IMF and reconstruction plates were used in ORIF; Type V: the occlusal relationship and mandibular morphology are both damaged with segmental bone defect and mandibular continuity losing and bone flap transplantation was performed for reconstruction; 75 patients were included in the study. Type II fractures are the most common type, followed by type III fractures. 44 of the patients were treated according to the classification and algorithm, and 2 patients of type I and IV manifested infection, 1 patient of type III showed malocclusion in the group of patients who were managed according to our treatment algorithm. Of those who were not in the treatment algorithm, 2 patients of type II and 2 of type III manifested infection, 2 patients of type 3 manifested bone un-union, 2 patients of type II and IV displayed malocclusion and 1 patient of type IV showed mandibular asymmetry. The results of this study suggest the treatment-oriented classification and algorithm for comminuted mandibular fractures has a certain guiding effect on the choice of treatment methods and is able to decrease the complication rate.
Motion Blur Invariant for Estimating Motion Parameters of Medical Ultrasound Images
Authors: Asli Barmak Honarvar Shakibaei , Zhao Yifan , Erkoyuncu John Ahmet 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The quality of fetal ultrasound images is significantly affected by motion blur while the imaging system requires low motionquality to capture accurate data. This can be achieved with a mathematical model of motion blur in time or frequency domain.We propose a new model of linear motion blur in both frequency and moment domain to analyze the invariant features of blurconvolution for ultrasound images. Moreover, the model also helps to provide an estimation of motion parameters for blurlength and angle. These outcomes might imply great potential of this invariant method in ultrasound imaging application.
The Prevalence of Endoparasites in Slovakian Household Dogs and Cats
Authors: Šmigová Júlia , Papajová Ingrid , Šoltys Jindřich , Pipiková Jana , Šmiga Ľubomír , Šnábel Viliam , Takáčová Jana , Takáč Ladislav 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Pets play a pivotal role as definitive or reservoir hosts for many zoonotic parasites. Dogs and cats without any clinical signs may be a carrier for the infection. In a one-year-study, collected fecal samples of 257 dogs and 50 cats were examined coproscopically for the endoparasite infections. Out of 307 investigated fecal samples 107 (34.9%) were positive for the presence of the propagative stages of endoparasites. In 257 of dogs fecal samples, 12 different species of endoparasites were detected: Giardia spp., Cystoisopsora spp., Sarcocystis spp., Hammondia/Neospora-like, Angiostrongylus vasorum, Capillaria aerophila, Crenosoma vulpis, Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Trichuris vulpis, Strongyloides stercoralis and eggs from the family Ancylostomatidae. Only 4 different parasitic species were found in 50 domestic cats’ fecal samples - Giardia spp., Cystoisopsora spp., T. cati and larvae of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus. It was confirmed that a significant differences were found in relation to age for Giardia spp., T. canis, S. stercoralis and family Ancylostomatidae. Close and frequent contact between younger pets and people increases the risks for the transmission of zoonotic diseases.
Hypovitaminosis D in Migrant Children in Switzerland: a Retrospective Study
Authors: Fahrni Olivia , Wilhelm-Bals Alexandra , Posfay-Barbe Klara M. , Wagner Noémie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) is essentially known for its part in the phospho-calcic metabolism and associated pathologies, such as rickets. In Switzerland, 40 to 50% of children are vitamin D deficient. Due to skin colour, poor nutrition, living condition and cultural practices, migrant population is particularly at risk. Our aim is to attest the vitamin D status of the children arriving in Switzerland and compare the cost-effectiveness of two supplementation strategies. We retrospectively assessed 528 children’s vitamin D status and parathyroid hormone, phosphates and calcium levels between 2015 and 2018 by electrochemiluminescence and spectrophotometry. Cholecalciferol was considered insufficient under 50 nmol/L and severely deficient below 25 nmol/L. Supplementation strategies’ costs were based on local prices. Seventy-three percent of children showed hypovitaminosis D and 28% had a severe deficit. Highest prevalence of deficit was found in children from Eastern Mediterranean (80%) and African regions (75%). Severe deficit was highest in the South East Asian (39%) and Eastern Mediterranean regions (33%) and higher in females than males. Deficit was predominant and more severe in winter. Hypovitaminosis increased with age. 0.4% of children presented with biological rickets. The most cost-effective supplementation strategy was to systematically supplement all children at arrival and in winter, reducing costs by 25% compared to vitamin D level-based supplementation. Conclusion: A majority of migrant children presented with hypovitaminosis D. They must be supplemented to prevent complications. A cost-effective strategy could be to supplement all children at arrival and during wintertime without systematic vitamin D level check.
The Danish Translation of the Medicines-related Quality of Life (MRQoL) Scale From the Patient Perspective
Authors: Rinder Ina Vierø , Lech Laura Victoria Jedig , Almarsdóttir Anna Birna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pharmacist interventions (PIs) have shown varying effect on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). However, the instruments used to measure HRQoL also lack sensitivity in detecting the effect in relation to PIs. In 2017 the Medicines-Related Quality of Life (MRQoL) scale was translated from Chinese into Danish, but the Danish MRQoL scale showed marked ceiling effects. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the Danish MRQoL scale from a patient perspective using cognitive interviewing.SETTING: Polypharmacy patients in the capital region of Denmark.METHODS: Semi-structured cognitive interviews with patients (≥18 years) taking ≥5 medicines regularly were conducted. A purposive sampling strategy was applied recruiting from different locations in the Greater Copenhagen Area. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analysed thematically. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Patients’ thought processes when responding to the Danish MRQoL scale.RESULTS: Eight patients were interviewed. Two major themes emerged from the interviews: The role of the medicines in everyday life and Understanding and filling in the scale. The latter theme consisted of three sub-themes: Interpretations of the items, Recall period and Interpretation and use of scale possibilities. The patients did not think about their medicines when answering the scale Several items were interpreted differently by the patients and they used different recall periods. Some patients used the scale possibilities incorrectly, either by overstating or understating their answers, or simply to create variation in responses. CONCLUSION: Several reliability and validity issues where identified based on the interviews and further research is needed to develop more reliable and valid measurement tools to detect the effect of PIs on HRQoL.
N-Myc and STAT Interactor is a Novel Biomarker of Severity in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Wanying , Zhou Hui , Cen Mengyuan , Ouyang Wei , Chen Jie , Xia Lexin , Lin Xiuhui , Liu Jinliang , He Teng , Xu Feng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is among the deadliest infectious diseases. Severe CAP progresses rapidly and has a high mortality rate which requires early detection. N-myc and STAT interactor (NMI) is a novel biomarker involved in inflammatory diseases. Methods: Prospective observational analysis of patients with CAP. The NMI levels in serum of 394 CAP patients on admission were measured to assess the ability of NMI to assess clinical outcomes. The NMI levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of 37 CAP patients were also tested to identify severe and non-severe group.Results: The serum NMI levels in CAP patients with poor clinical outcomes were significantly higher (P < 0.001) than those without outcomes. The AUC of NMI to predict mortality was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.86-0.96), and that to predict ICU admission was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.88-0.97), significantly higher than that of other biomarkers such as PCT and CRP. The AUC of the new score systems (N-PSI and N-CURB65) to predict outcomes were significantly higher than the original score systems. Furthermore, the AUC of NMI in BALF was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.86-1.00) for predicting severe CAP. Conclusions: NMI is a novel effective biomarker for predicting CAP severity.
Structure and germicidal property of a novel guanidine organomercury complex
Authors: Liu E , Jia Aiquan , Wu Simeng , Zhang Qianfeng , Jian Fangfang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A novel guanidine organomercury complex 1, [HgCl(DNP)]·CH5N3·CH3CN 1 (DNP = 2,4- dinitrophenol), has been synthesized. Each mercury(II) atom is tricoordinated to one chlorine atom, one carbon atom of the benzene ring, and one oxygen atom from 2, 4-dinitrophenol. The coordination arrangement around the mercury atom is Y-shaped. This is the first structural report on an organomercury derivative of 2, 4-dinitrophenol and guanidine. The distance of Hg-Cl between the two Hg ions groups is 3.272 Å, which indicates the presence of weak Hg···Cl interactions. Secondary bonds make complex 1 form 3D interspersed network structure, which is 2D [HgCl(DNP)CH5N3]n plane and 1D solvent [(CH3CN)2]∞ broadband. The antibacterial activity of 1 were studied. It shows complex 1 has very good bactericidal activity, and is also a potential antimicrobial agents.
Phenotypic variability and genetic characteristics of PRRT2-associated paroxysmal movement disorders in 13 Chinese families
Authors: Wu Lulu , Yang Xinyu , Wang Xiaocui , Yu Shuang , Yang Bin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
PRRT2-associated paroxysmal movement disorders (PRRT2-PxMDs) include paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesias (PKD), benign familial infantile epilepsy (BFIE), infantile convulsions and choreoathetosis (ICCA), episodic ataxia (EA), paroxysmal nonkinesiasgenic dyskinesias (PNKD), and, in addition, other childhood-onset movement disorders and different types of seizures may be caused by PRRT2 mutations, suggesting that the understanding of the spectrum of PRRT2-PxMDs is still evolving. We collected and analyzed retrospectively the clinical of children diagnosed with paroxysmal movement disorders by the Department of Neurology of Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital from January 2015 to June 2020. The genetic tests were performed in the probands and their family members. Thirteen children and their family members, 30 in total, were tested. Twenty six patients and 4 (13.34%) carriers from 13 families were identified, 14 (46.67%) were diagnosed with BIE, 7 (23.33%) with PKD, 2 (6.67%) with ICCA, 1 (3.33%) with epilepsy (focal), 1 (3.33%) with infantile spasm (IS), and 1 (3.33%)was diagnosed with PKD and PNKD, Eight different variants were identified in 13 families, and NM_145239.2:c.640-641insC was found in 4 families while recurrent mutation c.649dupC was not found. Three novel mutation, c.884G > C, c.865G > C, and c.-65-1G > C were identified in this study. This study confirmed that there is no clear genotype-phenotype correlation in patients with PRRT2-PxMDs, in addition, the clinical findings show variable phenotype within families, including the families affected due to the newly identified pathogenic variants in this study.
COVID-19 Antibody Testing of Patients Admitted to the ICU by a Novel, Point-of-Care Assay, and the Relationship to Survival
Authors: Casswell Stacey , Eriksson Ann-Katrin , Moberg Lena , Lipcsey Miklos , Hultström Michael , Frithiof Robert , Marshall Fiona , Venge Per 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Diagnosing persons infected by COVID-19 is key to the control of the pandemic. It has, however, become increasingly important to identify those who have had the infection by measurement of circulating antibodies against Sars-COV-2 of the IgM and IgG type. In this report we show the development of a rapid and sensitive point-of-care assay for the measurement of IgG antibodies against the two spike proteins, S1 and S2, of the Sars-COV-2 virus.MethodThe AgPlus electrochemical technology was applied and the S1 and S2 proteins were biotinylated and immobilized onto streptavidin coated magnetic particles as the capture component of the assay. The IgG antibodies bound to the particles were detected by anti-human IgG and the signal expressed as nC (nano Coulomb). Assay time was <10 min.ResultsPlasma (n=211) from 117 SARS-Cov-2 PCR positive patients and from 78 persons with samples taken before the COVID-19 pandemic were analysed. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 91.9% and 100%, respectively. The assay was highly correlated to a predicate and FDA-approved IgG antibody ELISA (r=0.81). The IgG response was significantly lower in patients who died during their ICU stay.ConclusionsA poor IgG response after a COVID-19 infection is a serious risk factor as to death. A sensitive, rapid and accurate IgG antibody POC assay should be useful in the daily management and evaluation of COVID-19 infected patients.
Effect of Anesthesia on The Outcome of High-Grade Glioma Patients Undergoing Supratentorial Resection: Study Protocol for A Randomized Controlled Trial&nbsp;
Authors: Wang Dexiang , Dong Jia , Zeng Min , Liu Xiaoyuan , Yan Xiang , Li Ruowen , Li Shu , Peng Yuming , Han Ruquan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background High-grade glioma (HGG) is the most malignant brain tumor with poor outcome. Whether anesthetic methods have impact on the outcome of these patients is still unknown. Retrospective study has found that there is no difference between two anesthesia methods on the overall survival (OS), however, intravenous anesthesia with propofol might be beneficial in subgroup patients of KPS<80. Further prospective studies are needed to evaluate the results.Methods This is a single-centered, randomized controlled, parallel group trial. 196 patients with primary HGG for tumor resection will be randomly assigned to receive either the intravenous anesthesia with propofol or inhalation anesthesia with sevoflurane. The primary outcome is the OS within 18 months. Secondary outcomes include progression-free survival (PFS), the numerical rating scale (NRS) of pain intensity and sleep quality, the postoperative encephaloedema volume, complications, the length and cost effectiveness of hospital stay of the patients.Discussion This is a randomized controlled trial to compare the effect of intravenous or inhalation anesthesia maintenance on the outcome of supratentorial HGG patients.The results will help to optimizing the anesthesia methods in these patients.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT02756312). Registered on 27 April 2020 https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/
Primary cardiac CD5-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma:A case report and review of literature
Authors: Wang Zhaoming , Yang Hanjin , Gao Qiqi , Yang Xu 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background：Primary cardiac CD5 positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (CD5+ DLBCL) is a rare subtype of DLBCL with many diagnostic challenges. The case is reported, along with a review of several characteristics of the disease. Case presentation：We described a 64-year-old female who presented with a 12-month history of cough, and a mass in the right atrium observed on imaging studies that extended into the right ventricle. Conclusions：CD5+ DLBCL was confirmed finally by pathological examination of the cardiac biopsy. The patient responded well to the modified R-CHOP regime. The poor prognosis factors include CD5 positive, non-GCB immunophenotype, myc, bcl-2 and bcl-6 gene rearrangements etc. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment play a key role on improving the prognosis of primary cardiac CD5+ DLBCL.
WITHDRAWN: Sensitivity Assessment of Wilms tumor gene (WT1) expression in Glioblastoma Using qPCR and Immunohistochemistry and its association with IDH1 mutation, and recurrence interval&nbsp;
Authors: Kurdi Maher , Butt Nadeem Shafique , Baeesa Saleh , Kuerban Abudukadeer , Maghrabi Yazid , Bardeesi Anas , Saeedi Rothaina , Alghamdi Badrah , Lary Ahmed I. , Mohammed Fawaz 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
The Wilms tumor 1 (WT1) gene has recently been shown to play a role in gliomagenesis, making it a potential immunotherapy target in glioblastomas. We aimed to investigate the most sensitive method to detect WT1 expression in glioblastoma and explore relationship between WT1 expression and isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) mutation.
Methods
Clinical and biological data were collected from 44 patients with totally resected glioblastomas, treated with adjuvant therapies, in the period between 2015 and 2019. WT1 protein expression was assessed in all cases using IHC while its gene expression was assessed in 13 clustered samples using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). IDH1 mutation was assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC). McNemar test was used to compare the sensitivity between IHC and RT-qPCR for WT1 gene expression detection. Kaplan Meier curves were used to compare the distribution of recurrence-free interval (RFI) between IDH1 and WT1 expression groups.
Results
The mean age was 54-years, with a male to female ratio 1.45. IDH1-wildtype was found in 26 cases (59.1%) and the remining 18 cases (40.9%) were IDH1-mutant. Through IHC, WT1 was overexpressed in 32 cases (72.7%), partially expressed in 9 cases (20.5%) and not expressed in only three cases (6.8%). For the 13 cases tested by qPCR, 6 cases showed WT1 gene up-regulation and 7 cases showed WT1 down-regulation. There was no significant difference in WT1 expression among cases with different RNA concentrations regardless the testing method (P-value < 0.05). However, the difference between IHC and qPCR revealed 83% sensitivity, 28.5% specificity and 53% accuracy. IDH1-mutant cases with WT1 overexpression showed significant difference in recurrence interval (P-value < 0.048). This significance was not seen among IDH1-mutant cases with WT1 partial or no expression (P-value = 0.56). There was also no significant difference in recurrence interval among IDH1-wildtype cases with WT1 partial or overexpression (P-value = 0.83).
Conclusions
Parallel testing for WT1 expression using IHC and qPCR is not reliable. However, IHC provides more accurate results than does qPCR, which runs on fragmented tissue with indeterminant RNA concentrations. Moreover, IDH1-mutant glioblastomas with WT1 overexpression are associated with slow recurrence interval particularly if temozolomide with additional chemotherapies are used.
Analysis of Genetic Variability in the Caprine Class II MHC CLA DRB3.2(Cahi DRB3.2) gene&nbsp;locus&nbsp;of the Sangamneri goat breed of&nbsp;India
Authors: Behl Jyotsna Dhingra , Ahlawat Sonika , Sharma Rekha , Behl Rahul , Verma N.K. , Sharma Arjava 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study was to assess the genetic variability present across the Class II MHC DRB 3.2 gene locus in the Sangamneri goat breed of India. Sixty three single nucleotide variations were observed in CLA-DRB3.2 gene of eleven Sangamneri animals. Sixteen haplotypes with Haplotype diversity of 0.974 were found. Besides the snp(s) having two alleles, both triple and tetra allelic single nucleotide variations were present. Thus, the Class II DRB 3.2 gene of the Sangamneri goat breed animals (CLA-DRB3.2/ Cahi DRB3.2) was exhibiting a very high degree of genetic polymorphism. Of the sixty three single nucleotide variations, fifty variations were non-synonymous i.e. they resulted in a change in the corresponding amino acid encoded by the triplet codon in which they were existing. Both conservative and non-conservative amino acid changes were observed to occur. Rich diversity of the DRB3.2 gene reflected well on the ability of the Sangamneri animals to survive in the harsh climatic condition(s), exposed to all kinds of pathogen(s) existing in the environment.
Families driven drug development and clinical trials: a pilot study in Dravet Syndrome to delineate what really matters
Authors: Teng Théo , Barco Tommaso Lo , Marie Elodie , Hallet Anne-Sophie , Brambilla Isabella , Flege Silke , D'Onofrio Gianluca , Chemaly Nicole , Kuchenbuch Mathieu , Nabbout Rima 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Dravet syndrome (DS) is a developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Patients rapidly develop drug resistant seizures but patients with DS develop non-seizures disorders that are often age related. We aimed to identify the caregivers’ opinion on the outcome measures that matters in clinical trials in individuals with DS and their correlation with the age of the individual with DS.
Methods

We conducted a prospective international study with convenience sample based on a 11-closed questions survey developed with three European patients’ advocacy groups (PAG) for DS (France, Italy and Germany). The items were about seizures and daily life outcomes that a clinical trial should target according to family opinion. Items were scored from 1 (not important at all) to 5 (highly important). Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate country (ANOVA and khi2 tests) and age effect (Spearman's ρ).
Results

Hundred and fifty-three caregivers answered the survey (68%: France, 28%: Germany and 24%: Italy; affected individuals’ characteristics: 86 males, age: 11.4 [25th -75th percentile:7-20.4] years). Demographic characteristics were not significantly different between countries. Families ranked as important almost all the items proposed. However, most of the items related to daily life had the highest rank in all 3 countries compared to items about seizures (p = 0.02). Positive correlation between age and age at diagnosis (ρ = 0.26, p = 0.02) and negative correlations between age and targeting seizure duration and between age (ρ =-0.25, p = 0.005) and targeting the need of referral to hospital (ρ =-0.26, p = 0.005) were identified.
Conclusions

This study emphasized the DS families’ expectations from therapies beyond seizure efficacy. These data can help to adapt patients-centered outcome measures in future clinical and real-life trials in DS.