bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plant‐Centered Diet and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease During Young to Middle Adulthood
Authors: Choi Yuni , Larson Nicole , Steffen Lyn M. , Schreiner Pamela J. , Gallaher Daniel D. , Duprez Daniel A. , Shikany James M. , Rana Jamal S. , Jacobs David R. 
Published: August 2021

Background
The association between diets that focus on plant foods and restrict animal products and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is inconclusive. We investigated whether cumulative intake of a plant‐centered diet and shifting toward such a diet are associated with incident CVD.

Methods and Results
Participants were 4946 adults in the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) prospective study. They were initially 18 to 30 years old and free of CVD (1985–1986, exam year [year 0]) and followed until 2018. Diet was assessed by an interviewer‐administered, validated diet history. Plant‐centered diet quality was assessed using the A Priori Diet Quality Score (APDQS), in which higher scores indicate higher consumption of nutritionally rich plant foods and limited consumption of high‐fat meat products and less healthy plant foods. Proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios of CVD associated with both time‐varying average APDQS and a 13‐year change in APDQS score (difference between the year 7 and year 20 assessments). During the 32‐year follow‐up, 289 incident CVD cases were identified. Both long‐term consumption and a change toward such a diet were associated with a lower risk of CVD. Multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratio was 0.48 (95% CI, 0.28–0.81) when comparing the highest quintile of the time‐varying average ADPQS with lowest quintiles. The 13‐year change in APDQS was associated with a lower subsequent risk of CVD, with a hazard ratio of 0.39 (95% CI, 0.19–0.81) comparing the extreme quintiles. Similarly, strong inverse associations were found for coronary heart disease and hypertension‐related CVD with either the time‐varying average or change APDQS.

Conclusions
Consumption of a plant‐centered, high‐quality diet starting in young adulthood is associated with a lower risk of CVD by middle age.
Al-Bunduqānī calife, voleur et justicier : étude et projet d’édition d’un conte des Mille et une nuits à partir de manuscrits arabes et européens des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles
Authors: Chraïbi Aboubakr 
Published: August 2021

Résumé
Après une description de la tradition textuelle qui a conduit à la publication par Chavis et Cazotte dans leur Suite des Mille et une nuits, en 1788-1789, de l’histoire d’al-Bunduqānī, celle-ci est étudiée comme une pièce littéraire qui mêle des motifs anciens et nouveaux, et, plus particulièrement, qui introduit, pour la première fois, dans un contexte de pauvreté et de corruption généralisées, la figure du justicier moderne, armé et solitaire. Le calife Hārūn al-Rašīd assume ici ce rôle mais aussi celui de voleur, jetant le doute sur sa propre police et sa justice. Les manuscrits d’al-Bunduqānī, dont certains ont été retravaillés par Chavis, Sabbagh et Varsy, sont ensuite classés en deux familles et un projet de leur édition est proposé : une édition critique au format standard comparable à celle réalisée par Muhsin Mahdi ; une édition « fluide », suivant la théorie de John Bryant, sous forme de tableaux permettant de visualiser les transformations opérées en Europe, sur un texte arabe, afin de mieux l’intégrer aux Nuits et créer de nouvelles sources.
Wood Identification of Ancient Temple Structures in Ladakh, Located in the Western Himalayas
Authors: Mertz Mechtild 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Microscopic wood identifications were performed on five Buddhist temple structures, three vernacular houses, two stupas, and two holy trees located in Ladakh, a region in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir in the Western Himalayas. Leh is Ladakh’s capital and is located along the Indus River, the backbone of Ladakh. The vernacular buildings, stupa, and holy trees are located in Leh. Ladakh is a high-altitude desert with extremely scarce vegetation. Natural vegetation occurs mostly along the watercourses. The temples are located in villages along the upper Indus river valley, or along confluent rivers. From the 110 wood samples, 4 wood species were identified: poplar, willow, juniper, and pine. Building type, local availability, specific physical and mechanical properties of the wood species, and religious considerations were apparently the leading criteria for timber selection.
The Impact of Place of Origin on International and Domestic Graduates’ Mobility in China
Authors: Zhai Keyu , Moskal Marta 
Published: August 2021

This article addresses the cumulative effect of graduate migration and opportunities for career development. Using data from an online survey of 756 master’s-level graduates educated in China and the UK, it examines their geographical mobility patterns and reveals significant differences between Chinese students who graduated from domestic universities and those who were educated abroad. Spatial autocorrelation analysis shows that international returnees, who usually had more privileged family backgrounds, clustered in China’s highly developed core cities of the Bohai Economic Rim and Yangtze River Delta regions, such as Beijing and Shanghai, while domestic graduates tended to work and live in less affluent medium-sized cities around these regions. Women international graduates were more mobile than their men counterparts. Our results provide new evidence that draws attention to migration’s role in graduate career development opportunities and highlights inherent economic discrimination within China, which is perpetuated by the national residency permit system — Hukou. The case of Chinese graduates shows that the mobility patterns of international and domestic graduates are influenced by and contribute to growing regional inequalities for career development in China.
Weight Status and Depression in Italy: Evidence from the Second Wave of the European Health Interview Survey
Authors: Barone Adriana , Barra Cristian 
Published: August 2021

This study tests the association between weight status and depression in Italy using the Second Wave of the European Health Interview Survey (EHIS2) microdata, which also provide information on weight/height and eight depressive symptoms. Using a probit regression, the empirical results show a strong positive association between weight status, proxied by body mass index, and sleep troubles and eating disorders, with females suffering more than males. In addition, low interest is negatively associated with medium and high sources of income, while depressive mood and sense of failure are negatively associated with employment status. Individuals in midlife (45–54 years old) suffer from all depressive symptoms more than those in other age classes, with females suffering more than males, with the exception of low interest and depressive mood. Furthermore, individuals with a higher level of education have a lower likelihood of suffering from all depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that policies aimed at reducing obesity rates could also reduce new and emerging types of depressive symptoms correlated with overweight/obesity, such as sleep troubles and eating disturbances. JEL: J24, I12, I1, C25
Comparative effectiveness study of low versus high-intensity aerobic training with resistance training in community-dwelling older men with post-COVID 19 sarcopenia: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nambi Gopal , Abdelbasset Walid Kamal , Alrawaili Saud M. , Elsayed Shereen H. , Verma Anju , Vellaiyan Arul , Eid Marwa M. , Aldhafian Osama R. , Nwihadh Naif Bin , Saleh Ayman K. 
Published: August 2021

Objective: To find and compare the clinical and psychological effects of low and high-intensity aerobic training combined with resistance training in community-dwelling older men with post-COVID-19 sarcopenia symptoms. Design: Randomized control trial. Setting: University physiotherapy clinic. Participants: Men in the age range of 60–80 years with post-COVID-19 Sarcopenia. Intervention: All participants received resistance training for whatever time of the day that they received it, and that in addition they were randomized into two groups like low-intensity aerobic training group ( n = 38) and high-intensity aerobic training group ( n = 38) for 30 minutes/session, 1 session/day, 4 days/week for 8 weeks. Outcomes: Clinical (muscle strength and muscle mass) and psychological (kinesiophobia and quality of life scales) measures were measured at the baseline, fourth week, the eighth week, and at six months follow-up. Results: The 2 × 4 group by time repeated measures MANOVA with corrected post-hoc tests for six dependent variables shows a significant difference between the groups ( P < 0.001). At the end of six months follow up, the handgrip strength, −3.9 (95% CI −4.26 to −3.53), kinesiophobia level 4.7 (95% CI 4.24 to 5.15), and quality of life −10.4 (95% CI −10.81 to −9.9) shows more improvement ( P < 0.001) in low-intensity aerobic training group than high-intensity aerobic training group, but in muscle mass both groups did not show any significant difference ( P > 0.05). Conclusion: Low-intensity aerobic training exercises are more effective in improving the clinical (muscle strength) and psychological (kinesiophobia and quality of life) measures than high-intensity aerobic training in post-COVID 19 Sarcopenia.
A balanced view of mindfulness at work
Authors: Choi Ellen , Gruman Jamie A. , Leonard Craig M. 
Published: August 2021

Mindfulness has grown from an obscure subject to an immensely popular topic that is associated with numerous performance, health, and well-being benefits in organizations. However, this growth in popularity has generated a number of criticisms of mindfulness and a rather piecemeal approach to organizational research and practice on the subject. To advance both investigation and application, the present paper applies The Balance Framework to serve as an integrative scaffolding for considering mindfulness in organizations, helping to address some of the criticisms leveled against it. The Balance Framework specifies five forms of balance: 1) balance as tempered view, 2) balance as mid-range, 3) balance as complementarity, 4) balance as contextual sensitivity, and 5) balance among different levels of consciousness. Each form is applied to mindfulness at work with a discussion of relevant conceptual issues in addition to implications for research and practice. Plain Language Summary In order to appreciate the value of mindfulness at work researchers and practitioners might want to consider both the benefits and potential drawbacks of mindfulness. This paper presents a discussion of both the advantages and possible disadvantages of mindfulness at work organized in terms of the five dimensions of an organizing structure called The Balance Framework.
Establishing growth charts for proposed body shape and size index of the Pakistani population, using quantile regression approach
Authors: Hussain Waqas Ghulam , Shehzad Farrukh , Ahmad Rashid , Akbar Atif 
Published: August 2021

Background: Obesity leads to other fatal diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, depression, and some forms of cancer. Still, the well-known tool to measure obesity is the body mass index. But it usually failed in the measurement of adipose tissues. So, we present a novel anthropometric measure, called body shape and size index which is developed by the combination of major anthropometric determinants: body surface area, body mass index, weight, and height. Methods: This study is based on cross-sectional data consisting of 7224 individuals that were taken from the city Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. All the individuals, both males, and females, of age 2 years and above were included in the study except the pregnant women. The variables included in this study are gender, area (urban and rural), age (years), weight (kg), and height (meters). Growth charts of quantile regression are used for the inferential analysis of data. Comparison of proposed body shape and size index at different obesity levels has also been made to access the relationship of proposed body shape and size index with obesity. Results: The results show that the proposed body shape and size index has a great association with body surface area, body mass index, weight, height, and age. The proposed body shape and size index has a high negative association with body surface area, moderate negative association with body mass index and weight, and low negative association with height and age. According to growth charts of body shape and size index, after the age of 25 years, body shape and size index curves go upward while it smoothly goes downward at the age of 50 years but decreases in earlier ages. Body shape and size index showed a significant association with body shape and body size (body development) at the same time. Conclusion: Body shape and size index is found, generally linear with age, and increased with decreasing body mass index and body surface area. The proposed index has an indirect relationship with obesity. Body shape and size index with low values indicates a high risk of obesity. While, however, body shape and size index with high values indicates a low risk of obesity. Applications of the proposed body shape and size index are also presented in statistical modeling.
Online survey into developing a model for a legal cannabis market in the United Kingdom
Authors: James Edward , Robertshaw Thomas L , Pascoe Michael J , Chapman Fiona M , Westwell Andrew D , Hoskins Mathew , Barrow Jacob , Sessa Ben , Doblin Rick , Rosky Renee , Smith Andrew P 
Published: August 2021

Background Despite rescheduling of cannabis to Schedule 2 and amendments to the law permitting legal availability of cannabis for the treatment of medical conditions, access to cannabis for medical use remains challenging for patients in the United Kingdom (UK). Recreational use is widespread despite laws stating users can be sentenced to prison for up to 5 years for possession. Objective The aim of the study was to develop a model for a legal cannabis market in the UK building upon the results of a preceding study in which a UK population sample determined that pharmacies are the most suitable primary legal vendor of cannabis as opposed to regulated shops or the black market. Methods An online survey was developed using Qualtrics software and advertised via the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies’ Facebook, Twitter and Instagram social media accounts and monthly newsletter. Results Three hundred and ninety seven individuals, a majority having used cannabis at least once, consented to participate in the study. The participants concluded that there is enough evidence for cannabis to be prescribed to treat a range of medical conditions. In addition to pharmacies providing cannabis to patients with a prescription, a majority of participants supported cannabis being sold in pharmacies for harm reduction purposes and allowing access to medicinal cannabis in cases where supporting evidence is insufficient to merit a prescription. Participants supported greater integration between dispensing pharmacies and mental health services. Overall, the participants did not oppose a consultation or screening for potential cannabis users prior to obtaining access from licensed vendors. UK participants were supportive of the concept of a cannabis card, which users can present to licensed vendors such as pharmacies, with specific recommendations (such as strains relevant to a patient’s medical condition) being coded into the card. A majority of participants supported the existence of shisha-type bars for the purchase and onsite consumption of cannabis and determined that such vendors should not be part of a pharmacy chain of stores or regulated by pharmacy regulators. The participants generally preferred that laws regarding public consumption are in line with existing smoking legislation. Participants determined that it should be legally permitted to grow cannabis at home for personal medical and non-medical purposes but not to sell for profit. Conclusion The results are suggestive of a regulatory system that medical and non-medical cannabis users can use which aims to maximise therapeutic applications, minimise harms and respect individual liberty.
A Case Study on the Entrepreneurial Process of Push and Pull Women Entrepreneurs
Authors: Alam M. Sayeed , Biswas Kohinoor , Sulphey M. M. 
Published: August 2021

The study presents two entrepreneurship typologies: necessity-driven and opportunity-driven. ‘Opportunity’ entrepreneurs start a business to pursue an opportunity, while ‘necessity’ entrepreneurship is requirement-based and attempts for the best option available in the absence of alternate employment opportunities. Push and pull effects are analogous to necessity-based and opportunity-based entrepreneurship. The study explored success through stages of the entrepreneurial process. The push entrepreneur proved her resilience despite the absence of spousal support. Behind the pull entrepreneur’s success was spousal support. The key findings are that success is influenced by the entrepreneur’s grit, willpower and attitude. The objective of the case is to study two typologies of entrepreneurship, based on their motivation to become an entrepreneur—necessity-driven and opportunity-driven. It also examines the various factors that could influence the success of entrepreneurship. Both entrepreneurs discussed in the study had several common factors. The two succeeded in their entrepreneurship due to their sheer grit, determination and a feeling of higher purpose. Multiple pieces of evidences exist to show that grit is a success factor linked to positive outcomes. The phenomenon studied in this case include ‘opportunity’ and ‘necessity’ entrepreneurs. It also studied the push and pull effects in entrepreneurship, which are analogous to opportunity-based and necessity-based entrepreneurship. The push entrepreneur was involved in boutique business, and pull entrepreneur was in catering business. The findings are that the push entrepreneur demonstrated resilience despite many drawbacks. The success of the pull entrepreneur’s involved spousal support too. In both cases, the critical finding is that success is influenced by the entrepreneur’s grit, willpower and attitude. Further, neither of the women entrepreneurs took any loan to fund their business. Both entrepreneurs discussed in the study had a few common factors. Both of them were educated. The two entrepreneurs exhibited grit, determination and a feeling of higher purpose. Grit has been found to be a success factor and linked to positive outcomes.
Preparation, morphology, FTIR and performance properties of foaming particleboard
Authors: Bi Xiaoyu , Huang Runzhou 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe application of light weight particleboard in furniture industry becomes more inevitable because of the requirement to facilitate transportation and assembly by the customer. Herein, a novel method for the fabrication of foaming particleboard was proposed, which is achieved by adding azodicarbonamide (AC) foaming agent into the formulation that consist of oven-dry poplar (Populus alba) particles (with the moisture content about 4%) and phenol formaldehyde resin (PF resin) (solid content of 48%). In this study, the effects of AC foaming agent and adhesive contents incorporation and its content on mechanical, physical and chemical properties of particleboards were investigated. The results showed that the addition of AC foaming agent played a critical role in properties of particleboard and the optimal particleboard performance was achieved at the particleboard density of 0.6 g/cm3, the PF resin amount of 12%, and the AC foaming agent amount of 1%. Furthermore, the pores appeared on the particle surface were the products of the radical pyrolysis of the foaming agent, which has been proved by the FTIR results and the pores also affect the properties of the particleboards.
Ge N-Channel MOSFETs with ZrO2 Dielectric Achieving Improved Mobility
Authors: Chou Lulu , Liu Yan , Xu Yang , Peng Yue , Liu Huan , Yu Xiao , Han Genquan , Hao Yue 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHigh-mobility Ge nMOSFETs with ZrO2 gate dielectric are demonstrated and compared against transistors with different interfacial properties of ozone (O3) treatment, O3 post-treatment and without O3 treatment. It is found that with O3 treatment, the Ge nMOSFETs with ZrO2 dielectric having a EOT of 0.83 nm obtain a peak effective electron mobility (μeff) of 682 cm2/Vs, which is higher than that of the Si universal mobility at the medium inversion charge density (Qinv). On the other hand, the O3 post-treatment with Al2O3 interfacial layer can provide dramatically enhanced-μeff, achieving about 50% μeff improvement as compared to the Si universal mobility at medium Qinv of 5 × 1012 cm−2. These results indicate the potential utilization of ZrO2 dielectric in high-performance Ge nMOSFETs.
A Genome Doubling Event Reshapes Rice Morphology and Products by Modulating Chromatin Signatures and Gene Expression Profiling
Authors: Zhou Chao , Liu Xiaoyun , Li Xinglei , Zhou Hanlin , Wang Sijia , Yuan Zhu , Zhang Yonghong , Li Sanhe , You Aiqing , Zhou Lei , He Zhengquan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEvolutionarily, polyploidy represents a smart method for adjusting agronomically important in crops through impacts on genomic abundance and chromatin condensation. Autopolyploids have a relatively concise genetic background with great diversity and provide an ideal system to understand genetic and epigenetic mechanisms attributed to the genome-dosage effect. However, whether and how genome duplication events during autopolyploidization impact chromatin signatures are less understood in crops. To address it, we generated an autotetraploid rice line from a diploid progenitor, Oryza sativa ssp. indica 93-11. Using transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing, we found that autopolyploids lead to a higher number of accessible chromatin regions (ACRs) in euchromatin, most of which encode protein-coding genes. As expected, the profiling of ACR densities supported that the effect of ACRs on transcriptional gene activities relies on their positions in the rice genome, regardless of genome doubling. However, we noticed that genome duplication favors genic ACRs as the main drivers of transcriptional changes. In addition, we probed intricate crosstalk among various kinds of epigenetic marks and expression patterns of ACR-associated gene expression in both diploid and autotetraploid rice plants by integrating multiple-omics analyses, including chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and RNA-seq. Our data suggested that the combination of H3K36me2 and H3K36me3 may be associated with dynamic perturbation of ACRs introduced by autopolyploidization. As a consequence, we found that numerous metabolites were stimulated by genome doubling. Collectively, our findings suggest that autotetraploids reshape rice morphology and products by modulating chromatin signatures and transcriptional profiling, resulting in a pragmatic means of crop genetic improvement.