bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Dynamic Thiol-Disulfide Homeostasis on Hpv Positive-Women in Progression to Cervical Intraepithelial Lesion
Authors: Erin Recep , Tekin Yeşim Bayoğlu , Küçük Hatice , Erel Özcan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
PURPOSE: Dynamic thiol disulfide homeostasis (TDH) is critical in cervical carcinogenesis at HPV infection as a sign of antioxidant consumption native and total thiol levels decrease in progress to cervical intraepithelial lesions. TDH is the main actor in signaling pathways, apoptosis, antioxidant and detoxification reactions. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of TDH intraepithelial progression of cervical precancerous lesions on HPV positive women.METHODS: This was a prospective cross-sectional study. Subjects were selected from newly diagnosed high risk HPV DNA-positive patients. TDH results were calculated as the levels of disulfide, native and total thiol, the ratios of disulfide/total thiol (SS/SH+SS), disulfide/native thiol (SS/SH) and native thiol/total thiol (SH/SH+SS).RESULTS: A total of 146 women were included in the study. Study groups were as group one; control included 66 participants, group two; HPV DNA-positive women without preinvasive cervical lesion included 30 participants and group three; HPV DNA-positive women with preinvasive cervical lesion included 50 participants. Native and total thiol levels were elevated on HPV-positive women without preinvasive cervical lesions. There were no significant differences between groups related to the ratios of SS/SH, SS/ Total SH, SH/ Total SH levels. CONCLUSIONS: HPV infection related to oxidative stress has effects on oxidant/antioxidant balance and could be demonstrated in systemic circulation by TDH parameters. Consumption of thiol substances play role in the cervical neoplastic process, replacement with antioxidants would be a treatment option for HPV infections.
Tuberculosis of the Rare Azygos Lobe of Lung
Authors: Awal Sandeep Singh , Biswas Som Subhro , Goyal Hitesh , Awal Sampreet Kaur 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: The azygos lobe is a rare anatomical variant seen in the upper lobe of right lung. It occurs during embryological development due to the failure of posterior cardinal vein to migrate supero-medially. It is often an incidental finding on imaging and is asymptomatic in majority of cases. Tuberculosis involving the azygos lobe is extremely rare. Only a few cases of tuberculosis involving the azygos lobe have been reported in literature.Case presentation: We present a rare case report of tuberculosis infection involving the azygos lobe in a 57-year-old Indian male with history of chronic cough, fever, haemoptysis and weight loss.Conclusions: The azygos lobe is usually asymptomatic, but it may be misdiagnosed as bulla, lung cyst or abscess. In rare cases it may be associated with certain pathology such as tuberculosis, other infections, and lung cancer. Hence, it is pertinent for a radiologist to be aware of this variant when reporting chest imaging cases.
Use of Modified Palm Kernel Shell Particles Composite Blend with Cement or Clay as Alternative Material for Block Production
Authors: Ichetaonye Simon Ikechukwu , Ajekwene Kingsley Kema , Ulaeto Sarah Bill , Yibowei Moses Ebiowei , Ugo Ugonna Kingsley , Adekeye Tajudeen Olaniyi , Oguzie Chima Kenneth 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study presents the potential of modified Palm Kernel Shell (MPKS) particles in the production of blocks as an alternative building material using cement or clay as binders. Several studies on Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) as a blend with other natural fibres/fillers found that due to its hydrophilic nature, it has low physical and mechanical capabilities in comparison to MPKS, making it less compatible with any polymeric matrix. Experimental tests were conducted to determine the physicomechanical attributes of MPKS/Cement and MPKS/Clay blocks, including characterization of the cement and clay using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), as well as moisture content, water absorption, hardness, apparent porosity, bulk density, compressive strength, and flake. The morphology of the samples was determined using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Results show that MPKS/Cement block samples exhibit superior physicomechanical and morphological properties compared to MPKS/Clay. The MPKS/Cement block sample moisture content ranged between 4.76 – 9.94%. The 80/20 MPKS/Cement sample recorded the most water absorption at 49.5%, and a microhardness value of 82.3 Hv for the 20/80 sample. The MPKS/Clay samples showed higher values of apparent porosity but recorded the least bulk density in the 80/20 samples. The 20/80 MPKS/Cement and MPKS/Clay samples showed the best compressive strength at 63.72 and 50.3 N/mm2 respectively, while 80/20 for both cement and clay displayed very weak compressive strengths. The ratio 20/80 of MPKS/Cement is observed to be the optimum ratio where better properties of the composites were obtained. For the structure industry's long-term viability, MPKS' superior mechanical properties as an aggregate in block manufacturing make it an asset material as an alternative for some high-cost construction resources such as sand.
Optimal Land And Water Allocation Model For The Maximization of Net Agricultural Return In Drought Prone Regions
Authors: Kerebih Mulu Sewinet , Keshari Ashok Kumar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this study, the land and water resources allocation model was developed to determine optimal cropping patterns and water resources allocations at different rainfall probability exceedance levels (PEs) to ensure maximum agricultural return in the Hormat-Golina valley irrigation command area, Ethiopia. To account the uncertainty of rainfall variability, the monthly dependable rainfall was estimated at three levels of reliability (20, 50 and 80% PEs) which are representing wet, normal and dry seasons based on regional experience. The irrigation water demand which was used as an input to the optimization model was estimated at each level of reliability by using CROPWAT model. The net annual returns of optimal cropping patterns were estimated as 181, 179 and 175 million Ethiopia Birr at 20 %, 50 % and 80 % PEs, respectively. The result of the optimal cropping pattern indicates that, the net annual return of the command area was increased to 45.75%, 45.84% and 47.01% than the Government targeted at 20%, 50% and 80% PEs, respectively. The findings reveal that the optimal land and water resources allocation model is very useful to the planners and decision makers to maximize the agricultural return particularly in areas where land and water resources are limited.
Comparative analysis of company's financial performance before and after tax amnesty; evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Agriyanto Ratno , Aprilia Della 
Published: December 2021

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to analyze differences in financial performance before and after the tax amnesty was applied until the third period.Method – This research uses a comparative method with a quantitative approach. The data collection technique used the documentation method. The research data were in the form of annual reports and financial reports of issuers of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The results showed the financial performance before and after the tax amnesty up to the third period in the property and real estate sub-sector companies.Result – The result shows a significant difference between before and after the tax amnesty until the third period. However, there is no significant difference between Debt to Equity Ratio and Return on Equity before and after the tax amnesty until the third period. The analysis results up to the third period regarding company value shows that there are differences in company value before and after the tax amnesty up to the third period.Implication – The study offers alternative perspective about tax amnesty. Most of the time companies are reluctant to engage with tax payment.By applying tax amnesty, both ruling government and companies are both be benefited. Originality – This study is among few studies about the impact of tax amnesty on financial performance in Indonesia.
The behavior of muzakki in paying zakat; phenomenological study of muzakki's experience in Semarang City
Authors: Rohmawati Siti , Musahadi Musahadi , Murtadho Ali 
Published: December 2021

Purpose – This study aims to determine muzakki's behavior which is reviewed based on the theory of planned behavior, including attitudes towards behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control.Method – This research used a qualitative research method, while the analytical approach used phenomenological analysis. This study utilized observation and interviews for collecting data. Informants were given a great space to tell their own experiences freely. The number of samples in the study was six informants, i.e., two people who work as civil servants, two people as entrepreneurs, and two people as farmers.Result – Based on the phenomenon and its meaning regarding the behavior of muzakki in paying zakat, it can be concluded that 1) The attitude of the informants tends to comply with the obligation to issue zakat as a form of religious, social, economic, and psychological obedience 2) Informants have subjective beliefs regarding the behavior of paying zakat which is formed from normative beliefs, namely references that come from external and internal parties. 3) Perceptions of behavioral control of the informants. Implication – This study can assist people and organizations in understanding the behavioral aspect of muzakki.Originality – The originality of this research lies in the object under study, test analysis, and research location.
The ideal model of waqf financing
Authors: Furqon Ahmad 
Published: December 2021

Purpose – The aim of this research is to find out the financing mechanism or the waqf assets funding done by nazhir and to find the ideal mechanism for the development of waqf assets.Method – This is a qualitative research with a case study approach. The research object was selected using purposive sampling, namely nazhir waqf in Central Java which manages productive waqf including: Sultan Agung Waqf Foundation (YBWSA), Semarang Grand Mosque Management Agency (BPMAS), and Pekalongan City Muslimin Foundation (YMKP).Result – This study found that the Sultan Agung Waqf Foundation (YBWSA) implements a mechanism for waqf financing in the form of public funding, government assistance, murabahah, and ijarah. BPMAS implements a waqf financing mechanism in the form of donations alms, government assistance, ijarah, and cash waqf. Meanwhile, YMKP provides financing for the development of its waqf assets in the form of government assistance and qardul hasan. Implication – This study can be used by government, policy maker, business party, or scholar to create an optimal and ideal mechanism in developing waqf assets.Originality – In the past, studies of waqf asset management were performed in the context of middle east, mostly Kuwait. This study provides waqf asset management in context of South East region.
PERCEIVED EXERCISE BENEFITS AND BARRIERS IN ACTIVE AND INACTIVE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: ÖZKUL Çağla 
Published: December 2021

active and inactive university students and to determine the relationship between physical activity
level and perceived benefits/barriers in university students.
Methods: The undergraduate students were invited to this cross-sectional survey. A total of
526 students responded to the online survey consisting of the International Physical Activity
Questionnaire (IPAQ) and Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale (EBBS). The participants were divided
into two groups: the active group (n=341) and the inactive group (n=185) based on IPAQ.
Results: The most agreed benefit was the item "exercise improves the way my body looks," whereas
the most agreed barrier was the item "exercise tires me". Comparison of the active and inactive
groups showed that the active group perceived the benefits of exercise higher than the inactive
group, especially in terms of life enhancement, physical performance, and psychological outlook
(p
STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING TO EXAMINE THE AFFECTED FACTORS OF KINESIOPHOBIA IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN WITH CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN
Authors: ERDEN Arzu , TURHAN Kemal , ALBAYRAK Muammer , ŞENOCAK Emre 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The pragmatic aim of this study was to show affected factors including pain, disability
level, and anxiety of kinesiophobia using structural equation modeling (SEM) in postmenopausal
women with chronic low back pain (CLBP).
Methods: The study was conducted with 200 women aged 45–75 years. Tampa Scale for
Kinesiophobia 11, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire,
and Visual Analog Scale were used. The SEM was also used to analyze the direction and power
of complex interactions between kinesiophobia and anxiety, pain intensity, and disability level by
using hypothetically designed models. The average pain intensity was 5.98 (2.39).
Results: The average age of the women was 58.00±8.39 years. The average menopausal age was
45.75±5.95. The average kinesiophobia point was 25.97±8.57. Anxiety risk score was 14.74±11.27;
depression risk score was 12.39±10.51. The SEM analysis outcome showed that the final model
was expository kinesiophobia with pain, anxiety, and disability level (chi-square=21.37; df=28;
p=0.810). Anxiety was found as a strong mediator in the relationship between kinesiophobia and
pain intensity and disability.
Conclusion: This study showed that SEM was appropriate method to explain relationships between
kinesiophobia and pain, anxiety, and disability. The created model also showed that anxiety was a
strong mediator in postmenopausal women with CLBP.
Blink Rate Study in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment
and Subjective Cognitive Decline
Authors: D’Antonio Fabrizia , Bartolo Maria I. De , Ferrazzano Gina , Monti Micaela Sepe , Imbriano Letizia , Trebbastoni Alessandro , Berardelli Alfredo , Conte Antonella 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Blink rate (BR) is considered a marker of dopaminergic activity in humans.
BR is increased in patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), but no study has yet investigated
whether BR changes with the progression of cognitive decline from MCI to Alzheimer’s
disease (AD) and whether BR abnormalities are present in subjects with Subjective Cognitive Decline
(SCD).

Objective:
The aim of our study was to assess BR in patients with AD, MCI, and SCD and to correlate
BR with demographic and clinical features of cognitive decline.

Methods:
We enrolled 22 subjects with SCD, 23 with MCI, and 18 with AD and a group of 20
age-matched healthy controls (HCs). Cognitive function was assessed by testing global cognitive
status and frontal, attentional, memory, verbal, and visuospatial functions. BR was measured by
counting the number of blinks per minute.

Results:
MCI subjects had an increased BR (p<0.001), whereas AD subjects had a lower BR than
HCs (p<0.05). Conversely, SCD subjects had a BR similar to HCs. No significant correlations
emerged between neuropsychological scores and BR in SCD, MCI, and AD subjects.

Conclusion:
Increased BR in MCI likely reflects early compensatory mechanisms occurring before
AD, whereas decreased BR in AD suggests dopaminergic system involvement in this condition.
Assessment of Construction Project Complexity
Authors: Hossny Hossam E. , Ibrahim Ahmed H. , Elnady Abeer 
Published: December 2021

Objective:Project complexity is a crucial factor in project management that presents auxiliary obstacles to reaching project objectives (cost, time, safety, and quality). This study aims at understanding project complexity and factors affecting project complexity. The overall objective of the study is to determine the nature of complexity and characteristics, identify the important complex factors that influence the complexity of the project, factor weight of the complex factors, and develop a proposed construction complexity index (CCI).Methods:According to the literature review, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is used to measure the affecting factors of project complexity.Results:This paper developed an index to measure complexity based on factor weights called construction complexity index (CCI). The validity of this index was verified by studying 3 cases. The construction complexity index (CCI) proposed here allows measuring the complexity of the projects in Egypt. The results of this paper provide guidelines on how to successfully manage the complexity of the project.Conclusion:Project complexity management relates to the challenge of dealing with technical competence, professional diversity, uncertainties, and unforeseen events in project implementation. Project managers, who are critical to effectiveness or failure, need skills such as adaptation, creativity, and flexibility to meet this challenge. Therefore, this study provides guidelines to help practitioners to develop their capabilities in managing complex projects. Moreover, this paper enables participants to identify factors affecting the complexity of projects and how to calculate this complexity through the complex index. The outcomes of this study can be used by practitioners to develop a complexity assessment and management tool, which would enable industry practitioners to allocate resources effectively on complex construction projects. This research aimed to develop a measure by which the complexity of construction projects in Egypt can be evaluated and establish guidelines on avoiding complexity in projects.
The Effect of Optical Defocus on the Choroidal Thickness: A Review
Authors: Aldakhil Sulaiman 
Published: December 2021

The choroid is a heavily vascularized tissue located between the retina and sclera and plays a primary role in ocular metabolism. It has recently been suggested that the choroid has the ability to change its thickness and secretion of growth factors. This may play an important role during visual development by adjusting retinal position during growth to support emmetropisation; however, the mechanism by which changes in choroidal thickness (ChT) occur is unclear.
This relationship becomes an interesting topic in the clinical field, although conflicting evidence found that these changes in the choroidal thickness may not be associated with the development of refractive errors. Many reports have investigated the changes in the choroid and related factors that affect the ChT. Thus, this review will summarize the current literature related to choroidal thickness in different refractive error groups, determine the factors that influence the thickness of the choroid, and discuss in detail the relationship between the changes in the ChT and ocular elongation, and therefore, the effect of optical defocus on ChT and the development of the refractive error.
Autologous Retinal Transplant for Macular Hole
Authors: Da Mota Sergio E. Hernández , Morales-Cantón Virgilio , Rojas-Juárez Sergio , López-Bolaños Antonio , Ramírez-Estudillo Abel , Macouzet Lisette Béjar 
Published: December 2021

We aim to review scientific literature concerning published studies on autologous retinal transplantation to treat macular hole patients. The following databases were searched: Medline and Medline Non-Indexed Items, Embase (1990–2020), Ovid Medline® (1990 to November 2020), Embase (1990 to November 2020), Ovid Medline® and Epub Ahead of Print, in-Process and Web of Science (all years). Search keywords included “autologous”, “retinal transplant”, “autologous neurosensory retinal free flap” “transplantation”, “macular hole”, and “macular hole surgery”. Eighteen case series and single case reports were reviewed.
Preoperative and final best-corrected visual acuity, microperimetry and multifocal electroretinogram findings, macular hole closure rate, preoperative and postoperative ellipsoid zone, and external limiting membrane defects were obtained and analyzed. Indications of autologous retinal transplantation for macular hole surgery included refractory macular holes, conventional techniques, and large macular holes. The number of cases included in the different case series ranged from 2 to 130 cases, and prior macular hole surgeries of the patients ranged from 0 to 3. Overall, the published case series of autologous retinal transplants have reported a macular hole closure rate of 66.7 to 100%, as well as a significant improvement in best-corrected visual acuity. The most frequently reported complications included considerable intraoperative bleeding and postoperative dislocation of the graft. The presence of functionality in the graft area has also been documented by microperimetry and multifocal electroretinogram.
In conclusion, the autologous retinal transplantation technique for macular hole patients has emerged as another surgical option, with a high macular hole closure rate and visual improvement.
Comparison of TrackMan Data between Professional and Amateur Golfers at Swinging to Uphill and Downhill Fairways
Authors: Suzuki Takeru , Sheahan John Patrick , Miyazawa Taiki , Okuda Isao , Ichikawa Daisuke 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Golfers face different environmental conditions in each game played under various constraints. Enhancing affordances through training in a constrained outdoor environment is crucial.

Objective:
To analyze club head behavior at ball impact of a tee shot by 42 professional (PGs) and 25 amateur (AGs) golfers in swinging to uphill and downhill fairway environments using the TrackMan portable launch monitor.

Methods:
We used TrackMan to compare golf club movement adaptations in 42 PGs and 25 AGs. A 330-m driving range facing both the uphill (+5°) and downhill (-5°) fairways were used. The tee shot area was the only flat ground surface, with the uneven ground between the shot area and the 200-yard fairway.

Results:
The clubhead speed and attack angle were significantly higher among PGs than among AGs. PGs could adapt their swings to the uphill fairway by increasing the attack angle (3.6°±2.4) by 3.3° compared with the downhill fairway. The attack angle did not correlate with the launch angle among the AGs in the downhill condition, suggesting that they were unable to control the height of the ball based on the far side of the fairway.

Conclusion:
PGs increased the attack angle in uphill conditions, and their awareness of the affordance, which was different from that of AGs, allowed them to change the optimal ball trajectory to avoid perceived fairway risks. Thus, the more skill a player had, the better he was at recognizing the affordance of the visual field. PGs demonstrated a better ability to adapt to environmental constraints.
effect of price perception and sales promotion on the purchase decision of the pertamax turbo in Palembang City
Authors: Suheri Catur , Wahab Zakaria , Widiyanti Marlina , Shihab Muchsin Saggaff 
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of price perception and sales promotion on the purchase decision of Pertamax Turbo in the city of Palembang. The population in this study were all consumers who purchased Pertamax Turbo in Palembang in the 2021 period, with as many as 100 respondents using the purposive sampling technique. The multiple linear regression analysis results show that price perception has a positive and significant effect on the purchase decision of Pertamax Turbo in Palembang. Sales promotion has a positive and significant effect on the purchase decision of Pertamax Turbo in the city of Palembang. For the price perception variable, it is expected that the Pertamax Turbo price adjustment will be made to reach all people. In the sales promotion variable, increasing sales by giving discounts/discounts to consumers who purchase Pertamax Turbo is necessary.