bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bestrophin‐derived peptide, WP17, elicits cell wall disruption‐mediated bactericidal activity against Micrococcus luteus and anti‐neoplastic effect against murine melanoma cells
Authors: Ravichandran Gayathri , Raju Stefi V. , Sarkar Purabi , N. T. Saraswathi , Al Olayan Ebtesam M. , Aloufi Abeer S. , Elokaby Mohamed A. , Arshad Aziz , Mala Kanchana , Arockiaraj Jesu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe cDNa sequence of Bestrophin‐1 (BEST‐1) was identified from a previously constructed transcriptome data set of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Mr). Basal and temporal gene expression analysis of MrBEST‐1 showed its antimicrobial immune effectiveness during viral and bacterial infections. The protein sequence encoded by cDNA of MrBEST‐1 was examined and a short antimicrobial molecule, named WP17 was identified using a bioinformatics tool. Further, the antibacterial ability of the identified WP17 peptide was evaluated against a number of bacterial strains, in which the peptide showed potential bactericidal activity against Micrococcus luteus (MTCC 6164), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 9144), Escherichia coli (ATCC 9637), Klebsiella pneumonia (CI 7376) and Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6051). Based on the results, further assays focused on M. luteus MTCC 6164. The mode of action of MrWP17 on M. luteus MTCC 6164 was analyzed using FACS and FESEM. Toxicity analysis suggested that WP17 impaired the viability of cells in murine melanoma cells (B16F10); however, no cytotoxicity was observed against kidney embryonic cells (HEK293), even at higher concentrations. Similarly, the gene expression analysis of WP17 peptide treated murine cells elicited an extrinsic apoptotic pathway. In the present study, we have demonstrated the involvement of MrBEST‐1 in immune mechanisms through its short peptide molecule that has potential antimicrobial activity.
What’s really in a deal? Evidence from textual analysis of M&A conference calls
Authors: Hu Wenyao , Shohfi Thomas , Wang Runzu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUsing a sample of 814 transcripts from 2011 to 2018, we examine information within merger and acquisition conference calls. Textual analysis reveals significant differences between the content of M&A call transcripts and both contemporaneous corporate press releases and prior earnings conference calls. We find participation of target executive types in M&A calls occurs more frequently in diversifying acquisitions and is related to payment choice consistent with promoting managerial sector‐specific skills and incentive alignment, respectively. Retention of participating target executives is associated with a negative market reaction. We also identify a negative relation between textual sentiment and market reaction consistent with a response to higher levels of information asymmetry. Greater quantitative information, however, is positively related to the market reaction of M&A calls. We develop targeted M&A motive dictionaries to identify financial and strategic content within call transcripts. Consistent with prior literature on merger motivation, deals with more finance (strategy)‐oriented words have a higher (lower) market reaction. Overall, our results show that deal‐related textual analysis explains a highly significant and economically important component of gains/losses to acquirers.
Nutzen und Risiken psychiatrischen Handelns und das Selbstbestimmungsrecht des Patienten
Authors: Helmchen Hanfried 
Published: January 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Geschichte der Psychiatrie zeigt, dass ein Selbstbestimmungsrecht des psychisch Kranken im 19. Jahrhundert weitgehend unbekannt war, erst spät in der 2. Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts mit dem rechtlichen Konzept der Einwilligung nach Aufklärung, dem „informed consent“, in der Medizin bekannt wurde und seit Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts in der medizinischen Praxis zunehmend wahrgenommen und respektiert wird; diese Wahrnehmungsänderung trägt zu einem Wandel von einer paternalistischen zu einer partizipativen ärztlichen Einstellung bei. Im Kontext einer emanzipatorischen Entwicklung der Gesellschaft nimmt mit den wachsenden Möglichkeiten wirksamer Therapien, die selten ohne Risiken sind, die Notwendigkeit zu, den Patienten über den intendierten Nutzen und potenzielle Risiken der empfohlenen Intervention zu informieren und ihm damit die Voraussetzung zu schaffen, sein Selbstbestimmungsrecht wahrzunehmen. Zudem wachsen mit dem Übergang von einer sehr erfolgreichen Akutmedizin mit allerdings oft nur kurzem Arzt-Patienten-Kontakt zur Langzeitmedizin chronischer Erkrankungen die Möglichkeiten, den Patienten, insbesondere den psychisch Kranken, seine individuellen Eigenheiten, seine Einschränkungen und Fähigkeiten besser wahrzunehmen, ihn als Individuum, als Menschen in seiner jeweiligen Eigenart zu erleben und sein Selbstbestimmungsrecht zu respektieren, indem wir ihm dabei helfen, Nutzen und Risiken einer empfohlenen Intervention zu verstehen und selbstbestimmt abzuwägen.
Versorgungswirklichkeit der urologischen Endoprothetik in Deutschland von 2006 bis 2016
Authors: Baunacke Martin , Groeben Christer , Borkowetz Angelika , Uhlig Annemarie , Leitsmann Marianne , Volkmer Björn , Thomas Christian , Huber Johannes 
Published: January 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Behandlung von Harninkontinenz und erektiler Dysfunktion verbessert die Lebensqualität vieler Patienten. Insbesondere die Endoprothetik mit Sphinkter- und Penisprothesen erzielt hierbei sehr gute Ergebnisse, wenn konservative Therapieoptionen ausgeschöpft sind. Ziel dieser Studie ist eine Darstellung der Entwicklung und aktuellen Versorgungslage der Sphinkter- und Penisprothesenimplantation in Deutschland.

Material und Methoden
Wir führten eine Analyse der Diagnosis-Related-Groups-Abrechnungsdaten in Deutschland im Zeitraum von 2006 bis 2016 durch. Die Versorgungslage im Jahr 2016 beschrieben wir auf Basis der Qualitätsberichtsdaten der deutschen Krankenhäuser.

Ergebnisse
Von 2006 bis 2012 stieg die Zahl der implantierten Sphinkterprothesen in Deutschland von 739 auf 1112 (p < 0,001) und die Zahl der implantierenden Kliniken von 129 auf 206 (p < 0,001). Von 2012 bis 2016 fielen die Fallzahlen auf 980 und die Zahl der Kliniken auf 198. Im Jahr 2016 implantierten 168 (88 %) urologische Kliniken 1–9 Sphinkterprothesen und 23 (12 %) Kliniken ≥ 10 Sphinkterprothesen. Die 10 Top-Kliniken (≥20 Sphinkter) implantierten 34 % (283/839) aller Sphinkter. Von 2006 bis 2013 stieg die Zahl der implantierten Penisprothesen kontinuierlich von 263 auf 503 (p < 0,001) sowie die Zahl der implantierenden Kliniken von 71 auf 107 (p < 0,001). Von 2013 bis 2016 stagnierte die Fallzahl (p = 0,9) und die Zahl der implantierenden Kliniken (p = 0,5). Der Anteil implantierter Penisprothesen im Rahmen von Geschlechtsumwandlungen stieg von 17 % im Jahr 2006 auf 25 % im Jahr 2016 (p = 0,03). Im Jahr 2016 implantierten 83 (85 %) urologische Kliniken 1–6 Penisprothesen und 14 (15 %) Kliniken ≥ 7 Prothesen. Die 7 Top-Kliniken (≥20 Prothesen/Jahr) implantierten 232/448 (52 %) der Prothesen.

Diskussion
Der Versorgungsstand der urologischen Endoprothetik in Deutschland zeigt eine deutliche Zentrenbildung, aber auch eine große Zahl von Kliniken mit geringer Fallzahl. Seit 2012/2013 zeigt sich eine Stagnation der Fallzahlen von Penis- und Sphinkterprothesenimplantationen, die in Zusammenschau mit den Prostatektomiefallzahlen eine Unterversorgung vermuten lässt.
The Role of Portable Incisional Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (piNPWT) in Reducing Local Complications of Post-bariatric Brachioplasty: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Facchin Federico , Pagani Andrea , Marchica Paolo , Pandis Laura , Scarpa Carlotta , Brambullo Tito , Bassetto Franco , Vindigni Vincenzo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Due to the great impact of bariatric surgery on the overweight epidemic, the number of post-bariatric body-contouring procedures is constantly increasing worldwide. The portable incisional negative pressure wound therapy (piNPWT) is a promising medical device for accelerating wounds closure and controlling post-operative complication, which have been shown promising results in post-bariatric population. We aimed to evaluate the role of piNPWT in optimizing wound healing and controlling post-operative complications after a post-bariatric brachioplasty.

Patients and Methods
26 post-bariatric female patients who underwent a brachioplasty followed by either a piNPWT (14 cases) or a standard wound treatment (12 controls) were analyzed. The number of post-operative dressing changes, the rate of local post-operative complications (re-operation, hematoma and serosa development, dehiscence and necrosis), the time to dry as well as the scar quality and hospitalization length were evaluated.

Results
None of the patients prematurely stopped treatment with piNPWT due to intolerance. The piNPWT patient group showed a significant lower healing time as well as a significant reduction of the number of post-operative dressing changes and hospital stay. Despite the scarring process was excellent from the functional point of view in the long term, we noticed a higher rate of hyperchromic scarring at 90 days after surgery.

Conclusion
The piNPWT is a cost-effective and user-friendly medical tool that increase and promote wound healing. We suggest the use of this device in post-bariatric patients who undergo a brachioplasty, especially if there is the need to minimize the number of post-operative dressing changes.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these evidence-based Medicine ratings, please refer to Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Changes in the Role and Mode of Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Over 20 Years: A Single‐Center Analysis
Authors: Eguchi Susumu , Hidaka Masaaki , Kugiyama Tota , Soyama Akihiko , Hara Takanobu , Nagakawa Kantoku , Adachi Tomohiko , Tanaka Takayuki , Yoshimoto Tomoko , Hamada Takashi , Matsushima Hajime , Ito Sinichiro , Kanetaka Kengo 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to analyze changes in characteristics of HCC and the modes of LR over 20 years in order to show the impact of those changes in the outcome of LR. In addition, BCLC staging was used to assess the limitations of this classification system and changes over the decade.Patients and methodsIn our department, 500 liver resections (LR) were performed for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) over the 20 years between January 2000 and February 2020. The 208 cases performed through 2009 were designated as Era 1, and the 292 cases between 2010 and February 2020 were termed Era 2. We analyzed changes in the characteristics of HCC and mode of LR (Study 1), and final outcomes of LR are shown according to the BCLC staging classifications and eras using data from the 5 years after LR (Study 2).ResultsIn Era 1, the mean age of the patients was 68, while in Era 2 the mean age was 71, which was significantly older than the patients in Era 1. HCC that developed from non‐B, non‐C liver cirrhosis was significantly increased in Era 2 (45%) as compared to that in Era 1 (34%). Laboratory data were all comparable between the eras in patients undergoing LR for HCC. The size and numbers of the HCC as well as tumor markers were similar between the eras. As to the mode of LR, although the extent of LR was similar between the eras, the laparoscopic method was significantly increased in Era 2. Blood loss was significantly lower in Era 2 (mean 519 g) than in Era 1 (1,085 g). Patient survival and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) were similar between the two eras, while RFS at 5 years after LR was better in Era 2. Even in the BCLC A category, only patients with a single HCC less than 5 cm showed best results, while patients with HCC within the rest of BCLC A and BCLC B showed a dismal outcome. There was no difference in OS and RFS between the eras after stratification by BCLC.ConclusionThere are conspicuous changes in the baseline characteristics and mode of LR over 20 years, which should be taken into account for patient care and informed consent for patients undergoing LR going forward.
The Association Between BMI and Mortality in Surgical Patients
Authors: Dotan Idit , Shochat Tzipora , Shimon Ilan , Akirov Amit 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhile obesity is commonly associated with increased morbidity and mortality, in patients with chronic diseases, it has have been associated with a better prognosis, a phenomenon known as the ‘obesity paradox’.ObjectiveWe investigated the relationship between mortality, length of hospital stay (LOHS), and body mass index (BMI) in patients hospitalized to general surgical wards.MethodsWe extracted data of patients admitted to the hospital between January 2011 and December 2017. BMI was classified according to the following categories: underweight (< 18.5), normal weight (18.5–24.9), overweight (25–29.9), obesity (30–34.9) and severe obesity (≥ 35). Main outcomes were mortality at 30‐day mortality and at the end‐of‐follow‐up mortality), as well as LOHS.ResultsA total of 27,639 patients (mean age 55 ± 20 years; 48% males; 19% had diabetes) were included in the study. Median LOHS was longer in patients with diabetes vs. those without diabetes (4.0 vs 3.0 days, respectively), with longest LOHS among underweight patients. A 30‐day mortality was 2% of those without (371/22,297) and 3% of those with diabetes (173/5,342). In patients with diabetes, 30‐day mortality risk showed a step‐wise decrease with increased BMI: 10% for underweight, 6% for normal weight, 3% for overweight, 2% for obese and only 1% for severely obese patients. In patients without diabetes, 30‐day mortality was found to be 6% for underweight, 3% for normal weight and 1% across the overweight and obese categories. Mortality rate at the end‐of‐follow‐up was 9% of patients without diabetes and 18% of those with diabetes (adjusted OR = 1.3, 95% CI, 1.2–1.5). In patients with diabetes, mortality risk showed an inverse association with respect to BMI: 52% for underweight, 29% for normal weight, 17% for overweight, 14% for obesity and 7% for severely obese patients, with similar trend in patients without diabetes.ConclusionsThe results support the ‘obesity paradox’ in the general surgical patients as those with and without diabetes admitted to surgical wards, BMI had an inverse association with short‐ and long‐term mortality.
Impact of donor and recipient Epstein-Barr Virus serostatus on outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors:   on behalf of Infectious Diseases Working Party, European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Kołodziejczak Michalina , Gil Lidia , de la Camara Rafael , Styczyński Jan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAllogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (allo-HCT) is a potentially curative therapeutic strategy that showed encouraging long-term outcomes in hematological diseases. A number of factors can influence post-transplant clinical outcomes. While Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) constitutes a trigger for development of various adverse conditions, no clinical study yet has been powered to assess the effect of EBV serostatus on the clinical outcomes in allo-HCT population. To systematically summarize and analyze the impact of donor and recipient EBV serostatus on transplant outcomes in allo-HCT recipients, meta-analyses were conducted. Selected endpoints were overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), relapse incidence (RI), non-relapse mortality (NRM), acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), and de novo cGVHD. Three studies with 26,650 patients, transplanted for acute leukemias, lymphomas, chronic hematological malignancies, or non-malignant hematological diseases were included in the meta-analysis. In the whole population, with a total of 53,300 donors and recipients, the rate of EBV seropositivity was 85.1%, including 86.6% and 83.6% among transplant recipients and healthy donors, respectively. Donor EBV seropositivity increased the risk of cGVHD by 17%, de novo cGVHD by 14%, and aGHVD by 5%. Recipient EBV seropositivity increased the risk of cGVHD by 12%, de novo cGVHD by 17%; increased NRM by 11%, increased RI by 11%, decreased OS by 14%, and decreased RFS by 11%. In performed meta-analyses, donor and recipient EBV seropositivity was found to have a significant impact on transplant outcomes in patients after allo-HCT.
Paediatric gastric organoids as a tool for disease modelling and clinical translation
Authors: Jones Brendan C. , Calà Giuseppe , De Coppi Paolo , Giobbe Giovanni Giuseppe 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Knowledge of gastric epithelial homeostasis remains incomplete, lacking human-specific models for study. This study establishes a protocol for deriving gastric epithelial organoids from paediatric gastric biopsies, providing a platform for modelling disease and developing translational therapies.

Methods
Full-thickness surgical samples and endoscopic mucosal biopsies were obtained from six patients. Gastric glands were isolated by a chemical chelation protocol and then plated in 3D culture in Matrigel® droplets in chemically defined medium. After formation, organoids were passaged by single cell dissociation or manual disaggregation. Cell composition and epithelial polarity of organoids were assessed by bright field microscopy and immunofluorescence analysis, comparing them to native paediatric gastric tissue.

Results
Gastric glands were successfully isolated from all six patients who were aged 4 months to 16 years. Gastric glands from all patients sealed to form spherical gastric organoids. These organoids could be passaged by manual disaggregation or single cell dissociation, remaining proliferative up to 1 year in culture. Organoids retained normal epithelial cell polarity, with the apical surface orientated towards the central lumen. Organoids expressed markers of mature gastric epithelial cell types, except for parietal cells.

Conclusion
Gastric organoids can be reliably generated from paediatric biopsies and are a representative in vitro model for studying gastric epithelium.
Supratentorial ependymoma in childhood: more than just RELA or YAP
Authors: Zschernack Valentina , Jünger Stephanie T. , Mynarek Martin , Rutkowski Stefan , Garre Maria Luisa , Ebinger Martin , Neu Marie , Faber Jörg , Erdlenbruch Bernhard , Claviez Alexander , Bielack Stefan , Brozou Triantafyllia , Frühwald Michael C. , Dörner Evelyn , Dreschmann Verena , Stock Annika , Solymosi Laszlo , Hench Jürgen , Frank Stephan , Vokuhl Christian , Waha Andreas , Andreiuolo Felipe , Pietsch Torsten 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTwo distinct genetically defined entities of ependymoma arising in the supratentorial compartment are characterized by the presence of either a C11orf95-RELA or a YAP-MAMLD1 fusion, respectively. There is growing evidence that supratentorial ependymomas without these genetic features exist. In this study, we report on 18 pediatric non-RELA/non-YAP supratentorial ependymomas that were systematically characterized by means of their histology, immunophenotype, genetics, and epigenomics. Comprehensive molecular analyses included high-resolution copy number analysis, methylation profiling, analysis of fusion transcripts by Nanostring technology, and RNA sequencing. Based upon histological and immunohistochemical features two main patterns were identified—RELA-like (n = 9) and tanycytic ependymomas (n = 6). In the RELA-like group histologically assigned to WHO grade III and resembling RELA-fused ependymomas, tumors lacked nuclear expression of p65-RelA as a surrogate marker for a pathological activation of the NF-κB pathway. Three tumors showed alternative C11orf95 fusions to MAML2 or NCOA1. A methylation-based brain tumor classifier assigned two RELA-like tumors to the methylation class “EP, RELA-fusion”; the others demonstrated no significant similarity score. Of the tanycytic group, 5/6 tumors were assigned a WHO grade II. No gene fusions were detected. Methylation profiling did not show any association with an established methylation class. We additionally identified two astroblastoma-like tumors that both presented with chromothripsis of chromosome 22 but lacked MN1 breaks according to FISH analysis. They revealed novel fusion events involving genes in chromosome 22. One further tumor with polyploid cytogenetics was interpreted as PFB ependymoma by the brain tumor methylation classifier but had no relation to the posterior fossa. Clinical follow-up was available for 16/18 patients. Patients with tanycytic and astroblastoma-like tumors had no relapse, while 2 patients with RELA-like ependymomas died. Our data indicate that in addition to ependymomas discovered so far, at least two more supratentorial ependymoma types (RELA-like and tanycytic) exist.
Re-interpreting mesenteric vascular anatomy on 3D virtual and/or physical models: positioning the middle colic artery bifurcation and its relevance to surgeons operating colon cancer
Authors: Andersen Bjarte T. , Stimec Bojan V. , Edwin Bjørn , Kazaryan Airazat M. , Maziarz Przemyslaw J. , Ignjatovic Dejan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
The impact of the position of the middle colic artery (MCA) bifurcation
and the trajectory of the accessory MCA (aMCA) on adequate lymphadenectomy when
operating colon cancer have as of yet not been described and/or analysed in the
literature. The aim of this study was to determine the MCA bifurcation position to
anatomical landmarks and to assess the trajectory of aMCA.

Methods
The colonic vascular anatomy was manually reconstructed in 3D from
high-resolution CT datasets using Osirix MD and 3-matic Medical and analysed. CT
datasets were exported as STL files and supplemented with 3D printed models when
required.

Results
Thirty-two datasets were analysed. The MCA bifurcation was left to the
superior mesenteric vein (SMV) in 4 (12.1%), in front of SMV in 17 (53.1%) and right
to SMV in 11 (34.4%) models. Median distances from the MCA origin to bifurcation were
3.21 (1.18–15.60) cm. A longer MCA bifurcated over or right to SMV, while a shorter
bifurcated left to SMV (r = 0.457, p = 0.009). The main MCA direction was towards right in
19 (59.4%) models. When initial directions included left, the bifurcation occurred
left to or anterior to SMV in all models. When the initial directions included right,
the bifurcation occurred anterior or right to SMV in all models. The aMCA was found
in 10 (31.3%) models, following the inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) in 5 near the
lower pancreatic border. The IMV confluence was into SMV in 18 (56.3%), splenic vein
in 11 (34.4%) and jejunal vein in 3 (9.4%) models.

Conclusion
Awareness of the wide range of MCA bifurcation positions reported is
crucial for the quality of lymphadenectomy performed. The aMCA occurs in 31.3% models
and its trajectory is in proximity to the lower pancreatic border in one half of
models, indicating that it needs to be considered when operating splenic flexure
cancer.