bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retracted: Increased resting‐state activity in the cerebellum with mothers having less adaptive sensory processing and trait anxiety
Authors: Sakakibara Nobuko , Makita Kai , Hiraoka Daiki , Kasaba Ryoko , Kuboshita Ryo , Shimada Koji , Fujisawa Takashi X. , Tomoda Akemi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChild‐rearing mothers with high levels of trait anxiety have a tendency for less adaptive sensory processing, which causes parenting stress. However, the neural mechanisms underlying this sensory processing and trait anxiety remain unclear. We aimed to determine the whole‐brain spontaneous neural activity and sensory processing characteristics in mothers with varying parenting stress levels. Using resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging, we assessed mothers caring for more than one preschool aged (2–5 years) child and presenting with varying levels of sensory processing, trait anxiety, and parenting stress. Spontaneous neural activities in select brain regions were evaluated by whole‐brain correlation analyses based on the fractional amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuations (fALFF). We found significant positive correlations between levels of sensory processing with trait anxiety and parenting stress. Mothers having less adaptive sensory processing had significantly increased resting‐state network activities in the left lobule VI of the cerebellum. Increased fALFF values in the left lobule VI confirmed the mediation effect on the relationship between trait anxiety and sensory processing. A tendency for less adaptive sensory processing involving increased brain activity in lobule VI could be an indicator of maternal trait anxiety and the risk of parenting stress.
Stereotactic body ablative radiotherapy for reirradiation of small volume head and neck cancers is associated with prolonged survival: Large, single‐institution, modern cohort study
Authors: Diao Kevin , Nguyen Theresa P. , Moreno Amy C. , Reddy Jay P. , Garden Adam S. , Wang Catherine H. , Tung Samuel , Wang Congjun , Wang Xin A. , Rosenthal David I. , Fuller Clifton D. , Gunn Gary B. , Frank Steven J. , Morrison William H. , Shah Shalin J. , Lee Anna , Spiotto Michael T. , Su Shirley Y. , Ferrarotto Renata , Phan Jack 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundRecurrent head and neck cancer has poor prognosis. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) may improve outcomes by delivering ablative radiation doses.MethodsWe reviewed patients who received definitive‐intent SBRT reirradiation at our institution from 2013 to 2020. Patterns of failure, overall survival (OS), and toxicities were analyzed.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐seven patients were evaluated. The median OS was 44.3 months. The median SBRT dose was 45 Gy and median target volume 16.9 cc. The 1‐year local, regional, and distant control was 78%, 66%, and 83%, respectively. Systemic therapy improved regional (p = 0.004) and distant control (p = 0.04) in nonmetastatic patients. Grade 3+ toxicities were more common at mucosal sites (p = 0.001) and with concurrent systemic therapy (p = 0.02).ConclusionsIn a large cohort of SBRT reirradiation for recurrent, small volume head and neck cancers, a median OS of 44.3 months was observed. Systemic therapy improved regional and distant control. Toxicities were modulated by anatomic site and systemic therapy.
Temporal sampling and role of flux measurements for subsurface heterogeneous characterization in groundwater basins using hydraulic tomography
Authors: Liu Fei , Yeh Tian‐Chyi Jim , Song Xianfang , Wang Yu‐Li , Wen Jet‐Chau , Hao Yonghong , Wang Wenke 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAccurate characterization of heterogeneity in groundwater basins is crucial to the sustainable management of groundwater resources. This study explores the temporal sampling issues and the role of flux measurements in the characterization of heterogeneity in groundwater basins using numerical experiments. The experiments involve a digital basin imitating the groundwater basin of the North China Plain (NCP), where the groundwater exploitation reduction program is ongoing. Using the experiments, we champion that the reduction program could collect groundwater level information induced by operational variations of existing pumping wells at different locations in the basin. Such a dataset could serve as a basin‐scale hydraulic tomography (HT) to characterize the basin‐scale heterogeneity cost‐effectively. Both steady‐state and transient‐state inversion experiments demonstrate the advantage of HT surveys in characterizing basin‐scale heterogeneity over conventional pumping tests at fixed well locations. Additionally, head data at the early, intermediate, and late time from well hydrographs should be selected for the HT analysis to maximize HT's power and save computational costs. When accurate geological zones are incorporated in prior information, flux measurements significantly improve parameter estimates based on conventional pumping tests. However, their effects are less noticeable for long‐term HT surveys in such basin‐scale aquifers without fissures or fractures. This basin‐scale tomographic survey example serves a guide for field data collection and optimization of the analysis of future basin‐scale HT.
Collective Variables for the Simulation of Crystallization of Organic Compounds: Some Case Studies
Authors: Gavezzotti Angelo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis contribution describes some collective variables that could be used to model the transition from disperse molecular systems to organized crystalline states. These variables are tentatively used in a biased‐Monte Carlo simulation of the transition from a liquid state to partially ordered systems for mono‐chlorobenzene and for a complex organic molecule. Other computational collective variables are used for the transition from a disperse solution to micelles that could be crystal precursors. All computations are carried out in the framework of the Milano Chemistry Molecular Simulation (MiCMoS) package.
Breast cancer histopathological image classification using attention high‐order deep network
Authors: Zou Ying , Zhang Jianxin , Huang Shan , Liu Bin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractComputer‐aided classification of pathological images is of the great significance for breast cancer diagnosis. In recent years, deep learning methods for breast cancer pathological image classification have made breakthrough progress, becoming the mainstream in this field. To capture more discriminant deep features for breast cancer pathological images, this work introduces a novel attention high‐order deep network (AHoNet) by simultaneously embedding attention mechanism and high‐order statistical representation into a residual convolutional network. AHoNet firstly employs an efficient channel attention module with non‐dimensionality reduction and local cross‐channel interaction to achieve local salient deep features of breast cancer pathological images. Then, their second‐order covariance statistics are further estimated through matrix power normalization, which provides a more robust global feature presentation of breast cancer pathological images. We extensively evaluate AHoNet on the public BreakHis and BACH breast cancer pathology datasets. Experimental results illustrate that AHoNet gains the optimal patient‐level classification accuracies of 99.29% and 85% on the BreakHis and BACH database, respectively, demonstrating the competitive performance with state‐of‐the‐art single models on this medical image application.
Digital microwork as a livelihood strategy in a Namibian informal settlement
Authors: Keskinen Pietari , Winschiers‐Theophilus Heike , Chivuno‐Kuria Shilumbe , Müller Anna , Nieminen Marko 
Published: July 2021

AbstractUnemployment is a serious issue in many areas of Global South. Over the last years, microwork platforms have started to emerge offering opportunities for earnings and promising improved livelihoods. Although the gig economy facilitated by these platforms has been criticized in the literature, we argue that in the context of informal economy, participation on these platforms does not always worsen the livelihood and thus should be examined. This paper investigates the requirements for using such platforms and assesses their applicability in an informal settlement in Namibia. The Sustainable Livelihoods Approach provides the conceptual framework for the research. We devised a simulation by using design science research methods, where the community members were able to complete digital micro‐tasks for monetary compensation. The experiment evoked excitement among participants. This paper argues that the digital micro‐tasks have promise for the individuals, and elaborates on human, financial, physical, and social capitals required to use these platforms. Finally, we propose a new way, trained peers called “tech mediators,” that can act as facilitators to make these platforms more available for the communities in Global South in the future.
The interactive effect of mental contamination and cognitive fusion on anxiety
Authors: Clauss Kate , Bardeen Joseph R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesMental contamination and cognitive fusion have been identified as risk factors for anxiety. The purpose of this study was to examine the moderating effect of cognitive fusion on the relationship between mental contamination and anxiety.MethodParticipants (N = 504 community adults), recruited via Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk), completed measures of mental contamination, cognitive fusion, and anxiety.ResultsResults from a regression analysis showed that the interaction between mental contamination and cognitive fusion predicted anxiety (β = 0.15, p < 0.001). Simple slopes analysis revealed a positive association between mental contamination and anxiety that was significant at higher (β = 0.25, p < 0.001), but not lower (β = 0.01, p = 0.88), levels of cognitive fusion.ConclusionThe development of risk profiles that incorporate mental contamination and cognitive fusion may be beneficial for early identification of individuals at high risk for anxiety.
The link between attitudes toward probationers and job burnout in Turkish probation officers
Authors: Ersayan Ayşe E. , Çankaya Banu , Erdem Gizem , Broers Nick J. , de Ruiter Corine 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe goal of the current study was to investigate individual‐level factors associated with job burnout among probation officers (POs) and, specifically, to examine if attitudes toward probationers were linked with job burnout in the context of the recently established probation system in Turkey. Participants (N = 115) were recruited from a probation office in Istanbul. Job burnout was assessed via three components: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and professional accomplishment. Results of structural equation modeling indicated that more favorable attitudes toward probationers were related to a lower sense of depersonalization and higher experience of professional accomplishment. However, POs’ attitudes toward probationers were not associated with emotional exhaustion. Our findings are discussed in light of the present empirical literature on the contextual factors influential in job burnout. Practical implications for burnout prevention point to the potential effectiveness of working on attitudes among POs toward the people they supervise.
Articaine improves anesthetic achievement for exodontia performed by undergraduate dental students: A clinical comparative study
Authors: Muhammad Zaid Abdulazeez , Abdullah Rayyan Mohammed , Majid Omer Waleed 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurpose/objectivesTo assess the clinical performance of undergraduate dental students in delivering inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) with either articaine or lidocaine, and to compare the success rate of their IANBs between articaine and lidocaine for the extraction of mandibular molar teeth.MethodsIn this clinical trial, patients were randomly distributed into 2 study groups: articaine and lidocaine groups. In each group, dental students performed IANB followed by forceps extraction of 1 mandibular molar under close supervision. The operative parameters measured included: assessment of anesthetic technique (on 10 points visual analogue scale ‘VAS‐10′), onset and depth of anesthesia, intra‐operative pain perceived by patients and their satisfaction level (on VAS‐10), and the success rate of IANB (in terms of need to additional anesthesia). Data analyses used were descriptive statistics, t‐test, χ2 test, and Pearson's correlation.ResultsOne‐hundred sixty patients were included in the final analysis, 80 in each group. The overall students' IANB technique was assessed as good (mean score 7.3). Articaine group showed significantly higher success rate of IANB (71%) compared to (55%) in lidocaine group, (P = 0.03). Patients also reported significantly higher satisfaction scores in the articaine group (P = 0.04). There were no significant difference in the onset of action and intra‐operative pain level between the 2 groups.ConclusionsStudents' IANBs were generally assessed as “good.” Articaine IANBs performed by undergraduate students showed significantly higher success rate than lidocaine IANBs. By using articaine, the anesthetic achievement was greater for mandibular molar extraction performed by undergraduate students.
Extracellular vesicle miRNA predict FDG‐PET status in patients with classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Drees Esther E. E. , Roemer Margaretha G. M. , Groenewegen Nils J. , Perez‐Boza Jennifer , van Eijndhoven Monique A. J. , Prins Leah I. , Verkuijlen Sandra A. W. M. , Tran Xuan‐Mai , Driessen Julia , Zwezerijnen G. J. C. , Stathi Phylicia , Mol Kevin , Karregat Joey J. J. P. , Kalantidou Aikaterini , Vallés‐Martí Andrea , Molenaar T. J. , Aparicio‐Puerta Ernesto , van Dijk Erik , Ylstra Bauke , Groothuis‐Oudshoorn Catharina G. M. , Hackenberg Michael , de Jong Daphne , Zijlstra Josée M. , Pegtel D. Michiel 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMinimally‐invasive tools to assess tumour presence and burden may improve clinical management. FDG‐PET (metabolic) imaging is the current gold standard for interim response assessment in patients with classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL), but this technique cannot be repeated frequently. Here we show that microRNAs (miRNA) associated with tumour‐secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the circulation of cHL patients may improve response assessment. Small RNA sequencing and qRT‐PCR reveal that the relative abundance of cHL‐expressed miRNAs, miR‐127‐3p, miR‐155‐5p, miR‐21‐5p, miR‐24‐3p and let‐7a‐5p is up to hundred‐fold increased in plasma EVs of cHL patients pre‐treatment when compared to complete metabolic responders (CMR). Notably, in partial responders (PR) or treatment‐refractory cases (n = 10) the EV‐miRNA levels remain elevated. In comparison, tumour specific copy number variations (CNV) were detected in cell‐free DNA of 8 out of 10 newly diagnosed cHL patients but not in patients with PR. Combining EV‐miR‐127‐3p and/or EV‐let‐7a‐5p levels, with serum TARC (a validated protein cHL biomarker), increases the accuracy for predicting PET‐status (n = 129) to an area under the curve of 0.93 (CI: 0.87‐0.99), 93.5% sensitivity, 83.8/85.0% specificity and a negative predictive value of 96%. Thus the level of tumour‐associated miRNAs in plasma EVs is predictive of metabolic tumour activity in cHL patients. Our findings suggest that plasma EV‐miRNA are useful for detection of small residual lesions and may be applied as serial response prediction tool.
Thromboembolic complications after surgical fixation of bone metastases: A systematic review
Authors: You Daniel Z. , Krzyzaniak Halli , Viner Benny , Yamaura Lisa , Kendal Joseph K. , Monument Michael J. , Schneider Prism S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients undergoing a major orthopedic surgery for metastatic bone disease (MBD) are at high risk of developing venous thromboembolic (VTE) complications. Despite concerns, there is no consensus on the most effective strategy to prevent VTE in these patients. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the VTE rate following the surgical management of MBD.MethodsThe databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were searched using keywords related to VTE and MBD requiring surgical management. Included studies reported VTE rates in patients with surgically managed MBD. Descriptive statistics and weighted mean totals were calculated.ResultsIn total, 2082 abstracts were screened, and 29 studies were included. The overall VTE rate was 4.7%. Patients receiving surgery for impending pathologic fracture had a higher rate of VTE (5.6%) compared to patients with acute pathologic fractures (4.2%). Low‐molecular‐weight heparin was the most used chemoprophylaxis.ConclusionsRelative to other cancer and orthopedic patients, the VTE rate is extremely high in patients with MBD. The discordant recommendations of thromboprophylaxis, and absence of research in this distinct and more granular surgical oncology subgroup, underpins the challenges associated with developing guidelines to lessen the VTE risks in the MBD patient population.
Non‐targeted metabonomics to investigate the differences in the properties of ginseng and American ginseng based on rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Li Mengmeng , Hua Shengyan , Huang Xin , Yue Hao , Chen Changbao , Liu Shuying 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe basic properties of herbal medicines are cold, hot, warm, and cool. The differentiation of these properties is important for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Ginseng and American ginseng possess opposite properties of warm and cool, respectively. At present, the mechanisms and the influence of steaming leading to the differences in their properties are not clear and require further investigation. Therefore, nontargeted metabonomics based on liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry was applied to investigate the effects of ginseng, American ginseng, and their variants on the changes in endogenous metabolites in rat urine. A total of 19 potential biomarkers were screened out and identified, of which 17, 7, and 5, were respectively related to warm, cool, and both warm and cool properties with opposite effects. The metabolic pathways corresponded to fatty acids, lipids, glycolysis, and energy metabolisms. The warm and tonic effects of red ginseng are stronger than those of ginseng and consistent with the theory of traditional Chinese medicine. The red American ginseng has cool property; however, the degree of coolness is less than that of American ginseng. This study provides a reference methodology to understand the effects of processing and mechanisms associated with the differences in the properties of herbal medicines.
Dynamic changes of land use/cover and landscape pattern in a typical alpine river basin of theQinghai‐TibetPlateau, China
Authors: Li Peijun , Zuo Depeng , Xu Zongxue , Zhang Rui , Han Yuna , Sun Wenchao , Pang Bo , Ban Chunguang , Kan Guangyuan , Yang Hong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLandscape heterogeneity is a comprehensive reflection of spatial patch and gradient, which is an important feature of landscape pattern. The China land use/cover dataset (CLUD) with 1 km spatial resolution was used in this study to investigate the dynamic changes of land use/cover in the Yarlung Tsangpo River basin (YTRB) of China from 1980 to 2015 through the land use transition matrix and dynamic degrees. The semi‐variogram model of the study area was constructed at different scales to determine the landscape characteristic scale of the YTRB. The traditional landscape index method and moving window method were used to investigate the watershed landscape pattern at the class and landscape levels, respectively. The results showed that the overall change in land use over the YTRB was not significant during the period 1980–2015, whereas the relative change in each type of land use was significant. Permanent glacier‐snow significantly degraded by 22.72%, while built‐up areas increased by 106.38%. The degree of the landscape fragmentation and diversity gradually increased from upstream to downstream. The unused land has the highest degree of fragmentation, and the agglomeration degree of urban land patches increased. The result of land use dynamic degree indicated that natural factors were the main causes of changes in land use during the first sub‐period 1980–2000, while human activities were the major drivers of changes in land use during the second sub‐period 2000–2015. The results can provide important information on the impact of regional development and environmental governance policies on the changes in land use/cover and landscape in Tibet.
Changes in soil chemical composition caused by self‐heating of a coal‐waste dump
Authors: Abramowicz Anna K. , Rahmonov Oimahmad , Fabiańska Monika J. , Nádudvari Ádám , Chybiorz Ryszard , Michalak Michał 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe paper presents soil features and chemical composition in a self‐heating coal‐waste dump. The investigations were carried out in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. A fire zone in which the soil temperature exceeded 50°C was selected for our study. Soil analyses were carried out for three grain sizes – d > 1 mm, 0.063 mm < d ≤ 1 mm, and d ≤ 0.063 mm – enabling identification of the diversity of the chemical composition in soil fractions. The highest concentration of heavy metals is represented by Mn (212–6972 mg kg‐1), Zn (127–3283 mg kg‐1), Pb (33.6–1344.7 mg kg‐1), Cu (38.9–101.4 mg kg‐1), and major elements by Fe (14,300–117,400 mg kg‐1) and Ca (900–63,600 mg kg‐1). Soil chemistry showed variations within individual studied sites. The soil reaction ranges from acidic (4.3 in KCl and 5.26 in H2O) to moderate alkaline (7.96 in H2O and 7.31 in KCl), whereas TOC ranges from 1.21% to 14.60% and TN from 0.023% to 0.291%. The distribution of n‐alkanes clearly showed a low degree of transformation of organic matter and characteristic high values of Pr/Ph ratio for humic coals and coal waste in the region. Grains with diameters greater than 1 mm exhibited completely different features than those of fractions smaller than or equal to 1 mm. High organic carbon content (14.60) was detected in the samples along with PAHs. The influence of fire on the chemical composition of all samples was identified using geochemical indicators. PCA analysis showed that the values of the variables were more closely correlated in finer grains than in the coarsest fraction.
High‐Performance and Biobased Polyamide/Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites through In Situ Polymerization for Engineering Applications
Authors: Baniasadi Hossein , Borandeh Sedigheh , Seppälä Jukka 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this study, biobased polyamide/functionalized graphene oxide (PA‐FGO) nanocomposite is developed using sustainable resources. Renewable PA is synthesized via polycondensation of hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) and biobased tetradecanedioic acid. Furthermore, GO is functionalized with HMDA to improve its compatibility with biobased PA and in situ polymerization is employed to obtain homogeneous PA‐FGO nanocomposites. Compatibility improvement provides simultaneous increases in the tensile strength, storage modulus, and conductivity of PA by adding only 2 wt% FGO (PA‐FGO2). The tensile strength and storage modulus of PA‐FGO2 nanocomposite are enhanced dramatically by ≈50% and 30%, respectively, and the electrical conductivity reached 3.80 × 10–3 S m−1. In addition, rheology testing confirms a shear‐thinning trend for all samples as well as a significant enhancement in the storage modulus upon increasing the FGO content due to a rigid network formation and strong polymer‐filler interactions. All these improvements strongly support the excellent compatibility and enhanced interfacial interactions between organic–inorganic phases resulting from GO surface functionalization. It is expected that the biobased PA‐FGO nanocomposites with remarkable thermomechanical properties developed here can be used to design high‐performance structures for demanded engineering applications.