bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thioredoxin‐interacting protein is a favored target of miR‐125b, promoting metastasis and progression of pancreatic cancer via the HIF1α pathway
Authors: Wang Pengli , Zheng Dan , Qi Hongyang , Gao Qi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRs) are vital in the development of pancreatic cancer (PC) targeting several cellular processes. This study was aimed at evaluating the function of miR‐125b and the mechanism involved in PC. Cell migration, 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), and Bromodeoxyuridine/5‐bromo‐2'‐deoxyuridine (BrdU) study was done to establish the migration capability, cell viability, and cell proliferation, respectively. Binding sites for miR‐125b were recognized by luciferase assay, and the expression of protein by Western blot and immunofluorescence assay. In vivo study was done by BALB/c nude xenograft mice for evaluating the function of miR‐125b. The study showed that expression of miR‐125b was elevated in PC cells and tissues and was correlated to proliferation and migration of cells. Also, overexpression of miR‐125b encouraged migration, metastasis, and proliferation of BxPC‐3 cells, and suppression reversed it. We also noticed that thioredoxin‐interacting protein (TXNIP) was the potential target of miR‐125b. The outcomes also suggested that miR‐125b governed the expression of TXNIP inversely via directly attaching to the three prime untranslated region (3′‐UTR) activating hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF1α). Looking into the relation between HIF1α and TXNIP, we discovered that TXNIP caused the degradation and export of HIF1α by making a complex with it. The miR‐125b‐TXNIP‐HIF1α pathway may serve as a useful strategy for diagnosing and treating PC.
Spatio‐temporal variability of summer monsoon surface air temperature over India and its regions using Regional Climate Model
Authors: Verma Shruti , Bhatla Rajeev , Ghosh Soumik , Sinha Palash , Kumar Mall Rajesh , Pant Manas 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this study, a dynamically downscaled regional climate model (RegCM4.3) is used to study the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) surface air temperature over the South‐Asia CORDEX domain using six convection schemes during 1986–2010. The spatial and temporal variability of mean surface air temperature has been analysed with reference to the India Meteorological Department (IMD) analysis data using various statistical scores. The sensitivity experiments in selecting the best convective parameterized schemes have been performed in simulating the surface air temperature during the summer monsoon season (June–September) over India and its five sub‐regions such as Northwest India, Northcentral India, West Peninsular India, Eastern Peninsular India, and Southern Peninsular India. The model results show the tendency of overestimation of surface air temperature mainly in four cumulus parameterization schemes (CPSs) that is, Tiedtke, Emanuel, Mix98, and Mix99 of RegCM4.3 during the JJAS, where Grell and Kuo CPSs show better agreement with the IMD data. Overall, Grell CPS has a close resemblance to the observation data with a minimum root mean square error, mean absolute error, lowest mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), and higher correlation coefficient. The model simulated results have also been investigated further using modified Nash Sutcliffe efficiency and modified Willmott's degree of index. These analyses confirm the potentiality of the Grell CPS followed by the Kuo CPS in simulating interannual variability of the surface air temperature over Indian and its five sub‐regions. The MAPE in Grell and Kuo CPSs are 0.004 and 0.013°C during monsoon season over India, respectively. The inter‐scheme difference in simulating surface air temperature is linked with the generation of low cloud convection and warming‐induced atmospheric moisture advection in the schemes. Therefore, Emanuel, Tiedtke, and Mix98 CPSs have shown a persistent nature of overestimation in surface air temperature variability during JJAS. It is also inferred that after removing the systematic mean bias from the RegCM4.3 model simulated outputs; the skill of Emanuel, Mix98, and Mix99 could be useful over the Indian subcontinent except for the southern peninsular region.
Hepatitis B X‐interacting protein, involved in increasing proliferation and cell migration, is a prognostic marker in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Meng Xue , Mori Taisuke , Matsumoto Fumihiko , Miura Nami , Onidani Kaoru , Kobayashi Kenya , Matsuzaki Yusuke , Yoshimoto Seiichi , Ikeda Katsuhisa , Honda Kazufumi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionFactors associated with prognosis and molecular mechanisms leading to a malignant phenotype in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) need to be identified. The focus was on the biological function and clinical impact of hepatitis B X‐interacting protein (HBXIP) in HNSCC.MethodsmRNA expression profiles of HBXIP were compared between tumor and normal tissues in head and neck cancer cases from an online database. The protein expressions of candidate genes were verified by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with tissue microarray blocks designed with 221 cases. Prognostic significance was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression analysis. The molecular function of malignant phenotypes was investigated by generating knockdown cell lines of HNSCC with RNA interference.ResultsAnalysis of the online database showed that the mRNA of HBXIP was significantly higher in the HNSCC group than in normal specimens. IHC analysis showed significant differences in the protein expression of HBXIP by clinical stage, T status, and recurrence. Multivariate analysis showed that, in HBXIP IHC‐positive patients, N status, T status, and neural invasion were significantly associated with overall survival. In addition, downregulation of the HBXIP gene in SAS, a tongue squamous cancer cell line, inhibited proliferation and the invasion phenotype.ConclusionsBy increasing the malignant phenotypes of cell proliferation and invasion, upregulation of HBXIP was a prognostic factor in HNSCC.
Imidazolium zwitterion‐based protic ionic liquids: from monomers to polymer membranes
Authors: Fadeeva Yuliya A , Shmukler Liudmila E , Gruzdev Matvey S , Safonova Liubov P 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe present the results of synthesis and investigation of the thermal behavior, ion transport properties and electrochemical stability of polymerized imidazolium‐based protic ionic liquids (poly(ILs)) as materials with potential applications in electrochemical devices. The phase behavior of both poly(ILs) and the corresponding IL monomers (MILs) was studied using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The temperature dependences of the conductivity and electrochemical window of all the MILs and poly(ILs) are discussed. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
A useful epitope tag derived from maltose binding protein
Authors: Lénon Marine , Ke Na , Ren Guoping , Meuser Megan E. , Loll Patrick J. , Riggs Paul , Berkmen Mehmet 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMaltose binding protein (MBP) is used in recombinant protein expression as an affinity and solubility tag. The monoclonal antibody B48 binds MBP tightly and has no cross‐reactivity to other proteins in an Escherichia coli lysate. This high level of specificity suggested that MBP contains an epitope that could prove useful as a purification and visualization tag for proteins expressed in E. coli. To discover the MBP epitope, a co‐crystal structure was determined for MBP bound to its antibody and four amino acids of MBP were identified as critical for the binding interaction. Fusions of various fragments of MBP to the glutathione S‐transferase protein were engineered in order to identify the smallest fragment still recognized by the α‐MBP antibody. Stabilization of the epitope via mutational engineering resulted in a minimized 14 amino‐acid tag.
Isolation, fermentation, and formulation of entomopathogenic fungi virulent against adults of Diaphorina citri
Authors: Awan Umar Anwar , Meng Lixue , Xia Shuang , Raza Muhammad Fahim , Zhang Zhenyu , Zhang Hongyu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDMycopesticides are important for integrated management of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri. However, there are few reports on the fermentation and formulation for mycopesticides with high virulence against D. citri.RESULTSFrom four different locations in South China, 12 fungal strains were isolated and classified into Beauveria bassiana (two isolates), Fusarium fujikuroi (five isolates), and Cordyceps javanica (five isolates) based on the phylogenetic analysis of ITS1‐5.8S rDNA‐ITS4 and morphology of colonies and conidia. Based on the highest initial virulence (86.52 ± 2.35%) and best growth characteristics, F‐HY002‐ACPHali was further optimized for biphasic fermentation (7.85 ± 2.62 × 109 g–1 dry substrate) with soybean meal + cottonseed flour (1:1) as the solid substrate and full light as the light/dark cycle. Furthermore, the oil‐based conidial formulation was optimized with sesame oil as an effective carrier, which significantly enhanced conidial shelf life up to 16 weeks at 26 °C and 4 °C, thermo‐stress (50 °C) and UV‐B stress resistance, and virulence against adults of D. citri with increased mortalities and decreased LT50 in comparison to that of unformulated conidia.CONCLUSIONOur results not only provide a valuable native strain with high virulence against adults of D. citri, but also imply the soybean meal + cottonseed flour as valuable solid substrate, full‐light exposure as environmental stimuli for solid‐state fermentation, and the sesame oil as an effective carrier for the formulation of the C. javanica. These findings will facilitate the development of a potential mycopesticide for the biological control of Asian citrus psyllid.
NIR‐II Absorbing Semiconducting Polymer‐Triggered Gene‐Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Zhang Xun , Yang Yanqing , Kang Tianyi , Wang Jun , Yang Guang , Yang Yuming , Lin Xiangwei , Wang Lidai , Li Kai , Liu Jie , Ni Jen‐Shyang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractExploration of facile strategies for precise regulation of target gene expression remains highly challenging in the development of gene therapies. Especially, a stimuli‐responsive nanocarrier integrated with ability of noninvasive remote control for treating wide types of cancers is rarely developed. Herein, a NIR‐II absorbing semiconducting polymer (PBDTQ) is employed to remotely activate the heat‐inducible heat‐shock protein 70 (HSP70) promoter under laser irradiation, further realizing regulation of gene‐directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) for cancer treatment in mild hyperthermia. In this multifunctional nanocomposite, the PBDTQ and double suicide gene plasmid (pSG) based on HSP70 promoter are incorporated into a lipid complex. Upon NIR‐II laser excitation, the mild photothermal effect (≈43 °C) generated from PBDTQ can cause the release of pSG and activation of HSP70 promoter, and then upregulate suicide gene expression triggered by the HSP70 promoter which can further convert the nontoxic prodrug into its cytotoxic metabolites. Therefore, this work demonstrates a universal NIR‐II laser‐triggered GDEPT using semiconducting polymers as the photothermal generator for cancer treatment with minimized collateral damage and nontargeted side effects.
Anthropology at Work
Authors: Koch-Weser Maritta 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis is a personal record. I describe my work at the World Bank for over 20 years, telling you how we began a new and continuously evolving professional practice four decades ago, and to what effect. I hope to transmit to students of a next generation the causes that development anthropology stands for, and to pass on my passionate conviction that it must remain a mainstream discipline in the twenty-first century.
The Need for Social Research and the Broadening of CGIAR’s Paradigm
Authors: Kassam Amir 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis article first presents reflections on the joint work carried out by Michael Cernea and this chapter’s author over 8–9 years for gaining “room, recognition and resources” within the CGIAR for sociological and socio-anthropological research on farmers, their practices and needs. The status of social research inside the CGIAR has gone through ups and downs in the uphill battle for expanding social research and feeding its findings into the Centers’ biophysical and genetic improvement research has been a constant in CGIAR’s history. The chapter then documents the contribution of Michael Cernea, the first sociologist who acceded to CGIAR’s top science and policy bodies, to strengthening the presence and influence of sociological and anthropological knowledge within the CGIAR’s institutional architecture and scientific products and outcomes.
Muddy Waters: Inside the World Bank as It Struggled with the Narmada Irrigation and Resettlement Projects, Western India
Authors: Wade Robert H. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe period since the Second World War has witnessed three global power shifts: one, from sovereign states relating to each other through balances of power, to inter-state organizations which pool some sovereignty and enact collective preferences; two, from states to non-state organizations, including NGOs, enormously facilitated by the internet; and three, from West to East. The World Bank has been a microcosm of these shifts. This chapter describes the interplay between some of the agents: World Bank staff; World Bank top management; World Bank Executive Directors (representatives of member governments, who formally govern the Bank); Government of India and governments of states; Indian and international (mainly UK, US, Japanese) NGOs; and the US Congress. The context is the Narmada irrigation and resettlement projects in western India from the 1970s to the 1990s. The first of the projects (Sardar Sarovar) became the subject of a large-scale opposition movement, Indian and international, which ended up forcing the World Bank to take serious responsibility for resettlement and environmental sustainability in its projects world-wide, and to create an independent inspection facility to which people who consider their welfare net harmed by a World Bank-supported project can bring complaints direct to the Bank by-passing their national government.
Social Assessment and Resettlement Policies and Practice in China: Contributions by Michael M Cernea to Development in China
Authors: Shi Guoqing , Yu Fangmei , Wang Chaogang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe are very pleased to contribute to this volume to express our appreciation for the collaboration with the community of social scientists, sociologists and anthropologists, working at the World Bank. Chinese social scientists joined forces with them on essential activities: development projects, research programs, academic conferences, training courses, and joint books. One of us, Guoqing Shi, has participated in the international symposium in Bieberstein, Germany, where this volume has originated.
Working Together at the World Bank for Broadening the Development Paradigm
Authors: Wolfensohn James 
Published: April 2021

AbstractI accepted with great pleasure the invitation to contribute to this volume intended to honor Michael Cernea, one of the most outstanding colleagues that I had the good fortune to work with during my years at the World Bank. Michael was the leader and spokesperson of the Bank’s initially small but continually growing community of sociologists and anthropologists, a community that was on the front line of my efforts to broaden and strengthen the Bank’s focus on effective poverty reduction.
Social Analysis in Project Lending: Writing New Rules and Changing Old Practices
Authors: Price Susanna 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn 1984 the World Bank placed social analysis formally into the rulebook. For the first time amongst multilateral development banks, the Bank’s rulebook integrated social analysis into a key operational checkpoint before project approval. This chapter examines the way which social analysis pioneers in the World Bank and Asian Development Bank took complementary paths to make new subjects visible, engage them in planning projects, and to codify these approaches in social “rules”. They envisaged continued cooperation among social development specialists, reaching beyond institutional and country borders; and encompassing local partners. In examining these pioneering roles in social analysis the chapter explores the longstanding challenge of addressing the critical relationship of social equity to economic growth in a lending environment.
Late-time dark matter oscillations and the core-cusp problem
Authors: Cline James M. , Gambini Guillermo , McDermott Samuel D. , Puel Matteo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The core-cusp problem persists as an unresolved tension between the pre- dictions of ΛCDM cosmology and observations of dark matter (DM) profiles in dwarf spheroidal and other galaxies. We present a novel scenario for converting cusps into cores through reactivation of DM annihilation in galaxies at late times. This can happen in asymmetric DM models when there is a very small DM-number violating mass term that causes oscillations between DM and its antiparticle. Using analytic methods as well as gravitational N-body simulations, we show that this mechanism can robustly eliminate cusps from galactic DM profiles for light fermionic DM of mass mχ ∼ (0.1 − 1) GeV and a lighter mediator into which the DM can annihilate. We identify regions of parameter space where annihilation of DM particles is more efficient than elastic scattering at reducing the inner density of the DM profile. Dark matter annihilation is therefore a qualitatively distinct alternative to the mechanism of elastic self-interacting dark matter for addressing the cusp-core problem.
Constraining momentum space correlators using slightly broken higher spin symmetry
Authors: Jain Sachin , John Renjan Rajan , Malvimat Vinay 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this work, building up on [1] we present momentum space Ward identities related to broken higher spin symmetry as an alternate approach to computing correlators of spinning operators in interacting theories such as the quasi-fermionic and quasi-bosonic theories. The direct Feynman diagram approach to computing correlation functions is intricate and in general has been performed only in specific kinematic regimes. We use higher spin equations to obtain the parity even and parity odd contributions to two-, three- and four-point correlators involving spinning and scalar operators in a general kinematic regime, and match our results with existing results in the literature for cases where they are available.One of the interesting facts about higher spin equations is that one can use them away from the conformal fixed point. We illustrate this by considering mass deformed free boson theory and solving for two-point functions of spinning operators using higher spin equations.
Fusion of interfaces in Landau-Ginzburg models: a functorial approach
Authors: Behr Nicolas , Fredenhagen Stefan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We investigate the fusion of B-type interfaces in two-dimensional supersymmetric Landau-Ginzburg models. In particular, we propose to describe the fusion of an interface in terms of a fusion functor that acts on the category of modules of the underlying polynomial rings of chiral superfields. This uplift of a functor on the category of matrix factorisations simplifies the actual computation of interface fusion. Besides a brief discussion of minimal models, we illustrate the power of this approach in the SU(3)/U(2) Kazama-Suzuki model where we find fusion functors for a set of elementary topological defects from which all rational B-type topological defects can be generated.
De Branges Type Lemma and Approximation in Weighted Spaces
Authors: Bucur I. , Paltineanu G. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to give some generalizations of de Branges Lemma for weighted spaces to obtain different approximation theorems in weighted spaces for algebras, vector subspaces or convex cones. We recall that the (original) de Branges Lemma (Proc Am Math Soc 10(5):822–824, 1959) was demonstrated for continuous scalar function on a compact space while, the weighted spaces are classes of continuous scalar functions on a locally compact space (e.g. the space of function with compact support, the space of bounded functions, the space of functions vanishing at infinity, the space of functions rapidly decreasing at infinity).
Residual finiteness and related properties in monounary algebras and their direct products
Authors: de Witt Bill 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this paper we discuss the relationship between direct products of monounary algebras and their components, with respect to the properties of residual finiteness, strong/weak subalgebra separability, and complete separability. For each of these properties $${\mathcal {P}}$$
P
, we give a criterion $$\mathcal {C_P}$$

C
P

such that a monounary algebra $$A$$
A
has property $${\mathcal {P}}$$
P
if and only if it satisfies $$\mathcal {C_P}$$

C
P

. We also show that for a direct product $$A\times B$$

A
×
B

of monounary algebras, $$A\times B$$

A
×
B

has property $${\mathcal {P}}$$
P
if and only if one of the following is true: either both $$A$$
A
and $$B$$
B
have property $${\mathcal {P}}$$
P
, or at least one of $$A$$
A
or $$B$$
B
are backwards-bounded, a special property which dominates direct products and which guarantees all $${\mathcal {P}}$$
P
hold.
Functionalisation of wheat and oat bran using single-strain fermentation and its impact on techno-functional and nutritional properties of biscuits
Authors: Sahin Aylin W. , Coffey Aidan , Zannini Emanuele 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe adequate intake of dietary fibre is linked to several health benefits, for example, reducing the risk of non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. However, the population’s intake of dietary fibre is below the dosage recommended by the World Health Organisation. The incorporation of fibre ingredients, such as bran, in cereal based products affects the techno-functional and sensory properties, resulting in inferior product quality. To compensate quality loss, wheat bran (WB) and oat bran (OB) were fermented using the lactic acid bacterium strain Leuconostoc citreum TR116 prior to the application in a biscuit system. Two types of fermentation, one without any addition of sugars (FB) and one with the supplementation of 5% fructose and 5% sucrose to trigger the production of mannitol (FB +), were conducted and sugar and acid profiles as well as pH and total titratable acids (TTA) were evaluated. Fermented WB showed a higher TTA (+ 58%) compared to fermented OB. Furthermore, FOB + resulted in higher microbial cell count and higher residual sugars after 48 h of fermentation. The application of fermented brans in a biscuit system showed a decrease in dough stickiness (− 41.7%) and an increase in dough hardness (+ 32%). The type of bran (WB and OB) as well as the type of fermentation (FB or FB +) influenced the results of biscuit dough and biscuit quality (p < 0.005). Fermentation increased biscuit spreading, influenced biscuit snap force, enhanced crunchiness and colour formation, and lowered the predicted glycaemic index. Fermented OB (FOB +) resulted in a sensory profile comparable to the control.