bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Composite Sintering Additives: Al(OH)3+Y2O3+CaF2 on the Performance of Porous Mullite Oxide-Bonded SiC Ceramics
Authors: Li Zihe , Chang Zixuan , Liu Xinran , Zhao Weimin , Zhang Xu , Xiao Shikang , Tian Yuhang , Li Aijun , Han Guifang , Li Jianzhang , Zhang J.D. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A composite sintering additive system: Al(OH)3+Y2O3+CaF2 was proposed for porous mullite oxide-bonded SiC ceramics. Small variations of sintering additives have significant influences on the phase composition, pore shape/size, density and flexural strength. Samples sintered at 1550 ℃ for 4 h in the air atmosphere realized both good mullite densification and no detectable cristobalite phase, which was difficult to be achieved at the same time. Besides, the composite sintering additive system also promoted the formation of columnar shape mullite, which acts as a reinforcement. Flexural strength as high as 108 MPa was achieved at an apparent porosity of 40.3 vol%, which is higher than that sintered by SPS technique. Moreover, those additives also act as pore formers determining the shape and size of pores. Around 8.9 µm strip-like, 11.8 µm continuous channel-like and 4.1 µm irregular pores were obtained for Al(OH)3, Al(OH)3-Y2O3 and Al(OH)3-Y2O3-CaF2 added samples, respectively. Corresponding phase evolution, sintering mechanisms and pore formation models were established. This work provides a simple way to modify the phase, pore size/shape, and strength of mullite oxide-bonded porous SiC ceramics by properly selecting sintering additives without any additional pore formers.
The profile of menthol cigarette smokers in the months following the removal of these products from the market in England
Authors: Kock Loren , Shahab Lion , Bogdanovica Ilze , Brown Jamie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction: In May 2020 the EU Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) ban on the sale of menthol cigarettes was implemented after a four-year transitional period. This study examined the prevalence of menthol cigarette smoking in the months following the ban, and according to sociodemographic and smoking characteristics.Methods: Cross-sectional data came from a representative survey of current smokers (18+) in England (unweighted n=1,577) during seven months (July-January) in 2020/2021. The weighted prevalence of menthol cigarette smoking as a proportion of total cigarette smoking was calculated, and chi-squared statistics assessed the relationship between menthol smoking, sociodemographic and smoking characteristics. Sources of purchase of menthol cigarettes were also explored.Results: The proportion of current smokers who smoked menthol cigarettes was similar in July to October 2020 (17.5%, 95% CI 15.3%-20.1%) compared with November 2020 to January 2021 (16.3%, 95% CI 13.9%-19.2%) (χ2(1)=0.38, P=0.56)). Menthol cigarette smoking was more common among younger age groups (16-24 = 29.0%; 25-34 = 23.3%) and women (21.1%). Menthol cigarette smokers showed lower cigarette dependence compared with other cigarette smokers. Purchases of menthol cigarettes from any illicit source in the past six months declined from 34.5% in July-October 2020 to 19.0% in November 2020–January 2021.Conclusions: A substantial proportion (just under a fifth) of current smokers in England reported menthol cigarette smoking between July-January 2020/2021 despite the ban. There was no decline in this proportion across the period, suggesting that smokers mitigated the impact of the ban by a variety of means, such as with legal menthol accessories.
Antifungal Effects of Senescence Terminalia Cattappa Leaves Extract on Disease Pathogens Associated With the Infestation of Hypsipyla robusta on Khaya grandifoliola
Authors: E.G Asuelimen , I Ikhatua M. , Amaogu Daniel Chukwuemeka 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The causal organisms responsible for leaf blight and twig dieback on the saplings of Khaya grandifoliola infested with Hypsipyla robusta were investigated. Isolation of pathogens and subculturing of isolates from infested K. grndifoliola tissues were carried out using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). The inhibitory effects of T. cattapa leaves on the mycelial growth of identified pathogens were carried at different concentration of grounded T. cattapa leaves (0.0g 2g, 4g, 8g, and 10g) per litre of standard PDA medium in five replicates using CRD. One way ANOVA was carried out on data obtained from the radial measurements of mycelia growths on each pathogen (α = 0.05), and mean separations was done using LSD. Identified isolates from leaf blight were Rhizoctonia sp. and Colletotrichum sp. The isolates from the twig dieback were Fusarium sp. Fusarium sp radial mycelial varied significantly (P < 0.05) among the control, 4.0g/l, 6.0g/l, while there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) between the control and 10.0g/l. The highest percentage inhibition for Fusarium sp. was observed on 4.0g/l. Also, radial mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia sp varied significantly (P < 0.05) between 4.0g/l and other concentration levels while maintaining the highest percentage (7.17%) inhibition. Therefore, it was concluded that pathogens responsible for leaf blight and twig dieback of Khaya grandifoliolia trees following the infestation of Hypsipyla robusta were Rhizoctonia sp and Fusarium sp, respectively. The study also revealed that T. cattapa senescence leaves liquid extracts has the potency of controlling the pathogens.
Efficacy of PD-1 or PD-L1 Inhibitors and Central Nervous System Metastases in Advanced Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Peng Minyong , Li Shan , Xiang Hui , Huang Wen , Mao Weiling , Xu Di 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Little is known about the efficacy of programmed cell death protein-1
(PD-1) or programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in patients with central nervous system
(CNS) metastases.

Objective:
This study aimed to assess the difference in efficacy of PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors in patients
with and without CNS metastases.

Methods:
From inception to March 2020, PubMed and Embase were searched for randomized controlled
trials (RCTs) about PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors. Only trails with available hazard ratios (HRs)
for overall survival (OS) of patients with and without CNS metastases simultaneously would be included.
Overall survival hazard ratios and their 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated, and
the efficacy difference between these two groups was assessed in the meantime.

Results:
A total of 4988 patients (559 patients with CNS metastases and 4429 patients without
CNS metastases) from 8 RCTs were included. In patients with CNS metastases, the pooled HR was
0.76 (95%CI, 0.62 to 0.93), while in patients without CNS metastases, the pooled HR was 0.74
(95%CI, 0.68 to 0.79). There was no significant difference in efficacy between these two groups
(χ2=0.06 P=0.80).

Conclusion:
With no significant heterogeneity observed between patients with or without CNS metastases,
patients with CNS metastases should not be excluded in the PD-1 or PD-L1 blockade therapy.
Future research should permit more patients with CNS metastases to engage in PD-1 or PDL1
blockade therapy and explore the safety of PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with CNS metastases.
Castleman Disease of the Kidney in Computed Tomography Urography
Authors: Wang Kai , Xing Fengjuan , Ma Heng , Li Wenjuan 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Castleman Disease (CD) of the kidney is extremely rare. In this study, we
have presented a case of CD of the left kidney and comprehensively described the findings of computed
tomography urography.

Case Presentation:
The case involved unusual imaging characteristics of the focal central cystic
area.

Conclusion:
The small and regular cyst-like structures and the hyperdense mass relative to the renal
parenchyma in plain scans might help distinguish the CD of the kidney from other hypervascular
tumors.
Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Teak (Tectona Grandis) Leaves as Food Packaging Material
Authors: Dewi Swastika , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Santoso Umar 
Published: June 2021

Teak (Tectona grandis) leaves is commonly used as the packaging material of traditional food in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of teak leaves with various maturation stages to obtain information about the potency of teak leaves as active packaging material. The physical characteristics analysis including leaf color, thickness, and tensile strength, while chemical characteristics were moisture, fat content, fatty acid, and volatile profile. The results showed that the color, thickness, tensile strength, moisture, and fat content, were light green, 0.306±0.024 mm, 0.22±0.114 MPa, 74.93%, and 2.52% respectively for young teak leaves; while the mature has darker green, 0.388±0.001 mm, 0.36±0.163 MPa, 73.05%, and 2.54% respectively. The fatty acid profiles showed that young teak leaves contained 5 types of fatty acids, dominated by lignoceric acid; while mature teak leaves contained 9 types of fatty acids dominated by tricosanoic acid. The volatile components of young teak leaves e.g. acid and ester compounds, while the mature was dominated by acid and ether compounds. From the results, it is suggested that the use of teak leaves as active food packaging material can be scientifically justified.
Pronóstico adaptivo de huracanes
Authors: Le Moyne Luis 
Published: June 2021

El presente trabajo está encaminado al pronóstico de trayectoria de huracanes: las características analizadas y pronosticadas son: duración, intensidad. alcance, ángulo de avance. Para el presente trabajo se tomó el Atlántico Norte desde los 5 ° hasta los 30° de latitud Norte y desde la Costa de Africa hasta la Costa de América. Esta zona del Atlántico Norte se subdividió en 70 subzonas de 5 grados de extensión por lado, para el análisis local de las características del huracán. El año fue a su vez subdividido en 15 periodos no isocrónicos de duración: siendo ahora la zona y el periodo las variables independientes en función de las cuales quedan expresadas las otras variables. El pronóstico se desarrolla usando polinomios ortogonales adaptivos programados y desarrollados en la Computadora 86700 de la UNAM. El pronóstico logrado de esta forma adquiere precisiones promedio de 20.
Electromagnetic response of a conducting cylinder of finite length
Authors: Hill David A. , Wait James R. 
Published: June 2021

Los campos electromagnéticos se calculan para un cilindro finito, excitado por una fuente circular y, para propósitos de comparación, mediante excitación de una fuente lineal. Estos resultados también se comparan con los del caso del cilindro infinito. Se encuentra que la importancia relativa de la componente con simetría acimutal de la corriente disminuye cuando el cilindro es finito. Este artículo ha sido motivado por las convincentes sugerencias de S. K. Singh relativas a la posible importancia de la corriente con simetría acimutal inducida en cuerpos alargados de minerales, por algunas configuraciones de fuentes electromagnéticas utilizadas en la exploración geofísica.
Transient electromagnetic respoonse of a conducting cylinder in a conducting medium: numerical results
Authors: Singh Shri Krishna 
Published: June 2021

Se presentan resultados numéricos para la respuesta electromagnética transitoria de un cilindro conductor infinito inmerso en un medio conductor excitado por una fuente lineal infinita. La corriente de entrada es una función de Heaviside de tiempo. Las corrientes de desplazamiento se supone que son insignificantes en comparación con las corrientes conductoras. La contribución del término n=o (corriente lineal inducida en el cilindro) aparece predominando sobre los multipolos superiores. Como regla aproximada el efecto de la conductividad exterior debe tomarse en consideración si es mayor de I0 ̄² veces que el valor de la conductividad del cilindro.
Needs Analysis: Social Skills-Based Learning Model For Children With Learning Disabilities at an Inclusive School
Authors: Husadani Rizki , Suryani Nunuk , Yusuf Munawir 
Published: June 2021

This study aims to explore the needs of social skills-based learning models for inclusive schools for children with learning disabilities. The research method used was a quantitative descriptive approach. The research subjects were teachers who teach children with learning disabilities in eight inclusive elementary schools in Surakarta. The technique to get the data collection used was a structured questionnaire with Likert scale. Then, it was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis techniques by categorizing i.e. The analysis results showed that the level of needs of a social skills-based learning model for children with learning disabilities was very high with final percentage of 83%. Therefore, it was necessary to develop a skill-based learning model for children with learning disabilities in an inclusive school to assist teachers in developing social skills for children with learning disabilities.
Pengembangan Video Animasi pada Muatan Pelajaran IPA Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Semara Trisna Angga , Agung Anak Agung Gede 
Published: June 2021

Rendahnya motivasi siswa untuk belajar disebabkan karena kurangnya media pembelajaran yang membantu siswa dalam belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses rancang bangun dari video animasi pada muatan pelajaran IPA dan menganalisis hasil validasi video animasi menurut hasil review para ahli dan uji coba perorangan. Pengembangan video animasi ini menggunakan model penelitian ADDIE yang terdiri dari lima tahap yaitu Analyze, Desain, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kuisioner. Analisis data digunakan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil analisis data diperoleh yaitu uji ahli isi dengan skor 95 dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, uji ahli desain pembelajaran dengan skor 95 dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, hasil uji ahli media pembelajaran dengan skor 92,5 dengan kualifikasi sangat baik, dan hasil uji coba perorangan dengan skor 95 dengan kualifikasi sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data uji produk oleh para ahli disimpulkan bahwa video animasi hasil penelitian ini layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran muatan IPA di kelas IV. Implikasi penelitian ini memberikan media pembelajaran inovatif yang mampu meningkatkan motivasi siswa dalam belajar sehingga berdampak pada hasil belajar siswa yang meningkat.
Qualitative Anatomical Characteristics of Compression, Lateral, and Opposite Woods in Pinus merkusii and Agathis loranthifolia
Authors: Purusatama Byantara Darsan , Kim Jong Ho , Yang Go Un , Febrianto Fauzi , Hidayat Wahyu , Lee Seung Hwan , Kim Nam Hun 
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to observe andcompare the qualitative anatomical characteristics of compression (CW), lateral (LW), and opposite (OW) woodsin the stem wood of Sumatran pine (Pinus merkusii) and Agathis (Agathis loranthifolia). The anatomical characteristics were observed using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. CW showed a gradual transition from earlywood to latewood in both species, circular tracheid shape, many intercellular spaces, irregular tracheid tips, helical cavities, and slit-like bordered pits. CW of Sumatran pine showed an indistinct growth ring, whileCW of Agathis showed a distinct growth ring. Helical ribs occurred only in CW of Sumatran pine. LW and OW showed an oval tracheid with an angular outline, regular tracheid arrangement, and tapered tracheid tips in both species. LW and OW showed mainly uniseriate bordered pits in Sumatran pine, while LW and OW of Agathis frequently showed multiseriatebordered pits. CW, LW, and OW showed fusiform and uniseriate rays in Sumatran pine, while those of Agathis showed uniseriate rays. In conclusion, CW showed distinctive qualitative anatomical characteristics to LW and OW in both species, while LW and OW mainly showed similar characteristics. In particular, there were considerably distinctive characteristics between CW from both species.Keywords: Agathis, anatomical characteristics, reaction wood, Sumatran pine
Stakeholder Analysis on Sungai Wain Protected Forest Management in Balikpapan City, East Kalimantan Province
Authors: Sukristiyono Sukristiyono , Purwanto Ris Hadi , Suryatmojo Hatma , Sumardi Sumardi 
Published: June 2021

Sungai Wain Protected Forest is one of the conservation areas in Balikpapan City which has an essential role in supporting the life of the city’s people.Currently, its existence is threatened due to the various activities and overlapping interests of stakeholders involved in managing the forest. Therefore, forest management that is supported by these stakeholders is urgently needed. This study aimed to identify the stakeholders involved and explain their influences, interests,and roles in Sungai Wain Protected Forest management.Data were collected through observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The respondents were selected using the purposive sampling method, and stakeholder mapping was used to analyze it. The results showed that the stakeholders classified as key players include the Balikpapan Protected Forest Management Unit (KPHL Balikpapan), the East Kalimantan Provincial Forestry Office, Pertamina UP V Balikpapan, and the NGO Foundation Pro Natura.Multi-stakeholder management could be an alternative model for managing the Sungai Wain Protected Forest to synchronize stakeholders’ interests. The KPHL Balikpapan could actas a leading playerand become a driving force in the Sungai Wain Protected Forest’s management efforts due to their appropriate main duties and functions. Hence, the coordination, communication, and cooperation between stakeholders could be well-formed to achieve the management objectives.Keywords: forest management, multi-stakeholder management, stakeholders, Sungai Wain Protected Forest
Efficacy of Liquid Smoke Produced from Medang Wood (Cinnamomum sp.) against Schizophyllum commune
Authors: Permana Rizka Diah , Oramahi Hasan Ashari , Diba Farah 
Published: June 2021

The efficacy of liquid smoke obtained from medang wood (Cinnamomum sp.)against Schizophyllum commune fungus was evaluated. This study aims to evaluate the antifungal properties of liquid smoke from medang against S. commune fungus. Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium was used to determine the efficacy of the liquid smoke of medang wood on S. commune fungus growth. Three kinds of liquid smoke were obtained from the pyrolysis of medang wood at 370, 400, and 430°C. The efficacy of liquid smoke from medang wood for antifungal is a factorial 3 by 4 in a completely randomized design; the first factor was pyrolysis temperature of liquid smoke from medang (370, 400, and 430°C), and the second factor was the treatment of concentration of liquid smoke from medang wood (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0%, v/v). The results showed that pyrolysis temperature affected liquid smoke from medang, and the concentration of liquid smoke was significantly different for inhibition of fungal growth. The results indicated that the pyrolysis temperature of liquid smoke production and the concentration of liquid smoke had a significant effect on S. commune fungus growth inhibition. Medang wood liquid smoke effectively inhibited the growth of S. commune fungus about 98.57% at a concentration of 2.5% with liquid smoke pyrolysis temperature used is 430°C.Keywords: efficacy, inhibition of fungal growth, liquid smoke, medang wood, Schizophyllum commune
Pengaruh Persepsi Mahasiswa Tentang Kompensasi Finansial dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Minat Memilih Profesi Guru pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Ekonomi
Authors: Marna Jean Elikal , Latiffa Junia 
Published: June 2021

This study aims to find out 1) Influence of Student Perception on Financial Compensation and Work Environment On Interest in Choosing Teacher Profession In Economic Education Students 2) Influence of Student Perception On Financial Compensation On Interest in Choosing Teacher Profession In Economic Education Students and 3) Influence of Student Perception About Work Environment On Interest in Choosing Teacher Profession In Economic Education Students. The population in this study was students of Economic Education Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Padang and the number of selected samples as many as 119 students. This type of research is descriptive associative research. The sampling technique used in this study is probability sampling by using proportional stratified random sampling. Data analysis using descriptive analysis, analysis requirement test, multiple regression, F test, determinant coefesien and t test. The results showed that 1) Students' Perception of Financial Compensation and Work Environment had a significant effect on the Interest in Choosing a Teacher Profession. 2) Student Perception of Financial Compensation has a significant effect on the Interest in Choosing a Teacher Profession. 3) Student Perception of The Work Environment has a significant effect on the Interest in Choosing a Teacher Profession.
Powerful or Powerless? Chief Online Education Officers’ Legitimate Power over Online Program Quality in U.S. Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Laws Georgianna 
Published: June 2021

As the online higher-education market continues along its trajectory of steady growth, it becomes increasingly competitive. Since quality sets online programs apart in the current competitive market, it is a priority for higher-education institutions. Consequently, presidents and provosts at many U.S. higher education institutions have been placing the quality of online program administration under the purview of a new role known under the umbrella term of chief online education officer (COEO). However, when looking for empirical research to help calibrate the COEO role in a way that maximizes its influence on quality, senior leaders find a gap in the literature. The purpose of this quantitative, correlative, non-experimental study was to ask COEOs from all over the nation to use the Online Learning Consortium Quality Scorecard (QSC) to share their perceptions of the quality of their institution’s online program. Additionally, COEOs were asked to self-assess their ability to influence quality based on their legitimate power and to describe environmental factors that could potentially impact their legitimate power. Key findings indicate a strong, positive correlation between overall legitimate power and overall quality, as well as between overall legitimate power and the hierarchy of COEO job titles (E1). Additional environmental factors significantly correlated with legitimate power categories included the number of units making a full report to the COEO (E3) and the breadth of COEO’s current portfolio of responsibilities (E12), among others. Finally, data indicate that the hardest quality category to influence is technical support.