bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperchaotic behaviors, optimal control, and synchronization of a nonautonomous cardiac conduction system
Authors: Baleanu Dumitru , Sajjadi Samaneh Sadat , Asad Jihad H. , Jajarmi Amin , Estiri Elham 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this paper, the hyperchaos analysis, optimal control, and synchronization of a nonautonomous cardiac conduction system are investigated. We mainly analyze, control, and synchronize the associated hyperchaotic behaviors using several approaches. More specifically, the related nonlinear mathematical model is firstly introduced in the forms of both integer- and fractional-order differential equations. Then the related hyperchaotic attractors and phase portraits are analyzed. Next, effectual optimal control approaches are applied to the integer- and fractional-order cases in order to overcome the obnoxious hyperchaotic performance. In addition, two identical hyperchaotic oscillators are synchronized via an adaptive control scheme and an active controller for the integer- and fractional-order mathematical models, respectively. Simulation results confirm that the new nonlinear fractional model shows a more flexible behavior than its classical counterpart due to its memory effects. Numerical results are also justified theoretically, and computational experiments illustrate the efficacy of the proposed control and synchronization strategies.
A nationwide assessment of the burden of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use among surgical patients: results from Serbian point prevalence survey, 2017
Authors: Šuljagić Vesna , Bajčetić Milica , Mioljević Vesna , Dragovac Gorana , Mijović Biljana , Janićijević Ivana , Đorđević Zorana , Krtinić Gordana , Rakić Violeta , Ćirković Ivana , Nikolić Vladimir , Marković-Denić Ljiljana 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
As the only non-European Union (EU) country, Serbia participated in a second point prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial use (AMU) organized by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) in the EU countries. Here, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of HAI and AMU in patients who had recently undergone a surgery and to compare risk profile, HAI rates, and AMU among surgical patients and non-surgical patients.

Methods
A national PPS was performed in 65 Serbian acute-care hospitals, in November 2017. In this paper, the data of 61 hospitals for adult acute-care were analyzed. To ensure the comparability of study design we used the Serbian translation of ECDC case definitions and ECDC PPS protocol. The trained infection control staff, led by a hospital coordinator, reviewed medical records to identify HAI active at the time of the survey and AMU. Only inpatients admitted to the ward before 8 a.m. on the day if the survey were included.

Results
A total of 12,478 patients from 61 hospitals for adult acute-care were eligible for inclusion in this study. Significantly higher proportions of surgical patients were female, belonged to the 60-to-79 age group, and were less severely ill. Also, extrinsic factors (invasive devices, hospitalization at the ICU, and prior antibiotics therapy) were more frequent in surgical patients. Prevalence of HAIs was higher among surgical patients (261/3626; 7.2%) than among non-surgical patients (258/8852; 2.9%) (p < 0.0001). The highest prevalence of all HAIs was noted in patients who had kidney transplantation (4/11; 36.4%), while SSIs were the most prevalent among patients who had peripheral vascular bypass surgery (3/15; 20.0%). Non-surgical patients received treatment for community-acquired infections in significantly higher proportion (2664/8852; 64.3) (p < 0.001). Surgical prophylaxis for more than 1 day was applied in 71.4% of surgical patients.

Conclusion
We have provided an insight into the burden of HAIs and AMU among Serbia acute-care hospitals, and highlighted several priority areas and targets for quality improvement.
Trends in burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in countries, regions, and worldwide from 1990 to 2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease study
Authors: Ou Ze-Jin , Yu Dan-Feng , Liang Yuan-Hao , He Wen-Qiao , Li Yong-Zhi , Meng Ya-Xian , Xiong Hu-Sheng , Zhang Min-Yi , He Huan , Gao Yu-Han , Wu Fei , Chen Qing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Antituberculosis-drug resistance is an important public health issue, and its epidemiological patterns has dramatically changed in recent decades. This study aimed to estimate the trends of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), which can be used to inform health strategies.

Methods
Data were collected from the Global Burden of Disease study 2017. The estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to assess the trends of MDR-TB burden at global, regional, and national level from 1990 to 2017 using the linear regression model.

Results
Globally, the age-standardized rate (ASR) of MDR-TB burden including incidence, prevalence, death and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) had pronounced increasing trends from 1990 to 1999, with the EAPCs were 17.63 [95% confidence interval (CI): 10.77–24.92], 17.57 (95% CI 11.51–23.95), 21.21 (95% CI 15.96–26.69), and 21.90 (95% CI 16.55–27.50), respectively. Particularly, the largest increasing trends were seen in areas and countries with low and low-middle sociodemographic index (SDI). However, the trends in incidence, prevalence, death and DALYs of MDR-TB decreased globally from 2000 to 2017, with the respective EAPCs were − 1.37 (95% CI − 1.62 to − 1.12), − 1.32 (95% CI − 1.38 to − 1.26), − 3.30 (95% CI − 3.56 to − 3.04) and − 3.32 (95% CI − 3.59 to − 3.06). Decreasing trends of MDR-TB were observed in most regions and countries, particularly that of death and DALYs in Slovenia were − 18.96 (95% CI − 20.82 to − 17.06) and -19.35 (95% CI − 21.10 to − 17.55), respectively. Whereas the pronounced increasing trends of MDR-TB occurred in Papua New Guinea, Singapore, and Australia.

Conclusions
The ASR of MDR-TB showed pronounced decreasing trends from 2000 to 2017. However, the MDR-TB burden remains a substantial challenge to the TB control globally, and requires effective control strategies and healthcare systems.
Increased spatial resolution of sampling in the Carpathian basin helps to understand the phylogeny of central European stream-dwelling gudgeons
Authors: Takács Péter , Ferincz Árpád , Imecs István , Kovács Balázs , Nagy András Attila , Ihász Katalin , Vitál Zoltán , Csoma Eszter 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Phylogenetic studies of widespread European fish species often do not completely cover their entire distribution area, and some areas are often excluded from analyses than others. For example, Carpathian stocks are often omitted from these surveys or are under-represented in the samples. However, this area served as an extra-Mediterranean refugia for many species; therefore, it is assumed that fish stocks here may show special phylogenetic features. For this reason, increased spatial resolution of sampling, namely revealing genetic information from unexamined Carpathian areas within the range of doubtful taxa, may help us better understand their phylogenetic features. To test this hypothesis, a phylogenetic investigation using a partial mtCR sequence data was conducted on 56 stream-dwelling freshwater fish (Gobio spp.) individuals collected from 11 rivers of the data-deficient Southeastern Carpathian area. Moreover, we revieved the available phylogenetic data of Middle-Danubian stream-dwelling gudgeon lineages to delineate their distribution in the area.

Results
Seven out of the nine detected haplotypes were newly described, suggesting the studied area hosts distinct and diverse Gobio stocks. Two valid species (G. obtusirostris, G. gobio), and a haplogroup with doubtful phylogenetic position” G. sp. 1" were detected in the area, showing a specific spatial distribution pattern. The distribution of the detected lineages in the Middle-Danubian area correspond with recent and paleo hydrogeographic features, at the same time mainly on their bordering areas show considerable overlap.

Conclusions
Despite the relatively limited geographic range of the study, our results provide important information which contributes to a better understanding of the phylogenetic, taxonomic and distribution features of Central European gudgeons. The genetically confirmed distribution data of the indicated lineages corresponds well with the recent and near-recent hydrogeographic features of the area, and assumes several hybrid zones in the Carpathian Basin. Additionally, the results show that the middle and lower Danubian watershed cannot be excluded from the range of G. gobio. Moreover, the” G. sp. 1", is slightly differentiated but phylogenetically distinct entity, and is the only Gobio taxa thus far detected in the middle and lower Tisza-basin. However, further investigations are necessary to clarify the taxonomic position of this group.
Large-cube 30° × 25° optical coherence tomography in diabetic macular edema
Authors: Mahdjoubi Amir , Bousnina Youcef , Bendib Fatma-Samia , Bensmaine Faiza , Idlefqih Wafa , Chahed Sadri , Ghezzaz Amina 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the contribution of large-cube 30° × 25° optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the characterization of diabetic macular edema (DME) by assessing its extent and the presence of additional retinal edemas and to evaluate the factors that influenced their occurrence.

Methods
This retrospective study enrolled patients with diabetes who presented with retinal edema detected by horizontal large-cube 30° × 25° (8.7 × 7.3 mm) OCT. Two individualized areas were selected from the thickness map: the area within the 6-mm Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) grid, and that outside the ETDRS grid. Retinal edemas located within the ETDRS grid were designated as “main DME” and those located outside the ETDRS grid were designated as “peripheral retinal edemas.” For each area, OCT features were assessed while the extent of the main DME and the presence of peripheral retinal oedema were analysed in the area outside the ETDRS grid. Finally, part of included eyes was followed by the same protocol, of which a part benefited from intravitreal injections.

Results
Peripheral events were detected outside the ETDRS area in 279 eyes (74.4%) of the 375 eyes of the 218 patients included in this study: an extension of the main DME outside ETDRS grid in 177 eyes (47.2%) and/or the presence of peripheral retinal edemas in 207 eyes (55.2%). The analysis of associations between main DME and peripheral retinal edemas patterns did not find an association for retinal cyst localization (P = 0.42) while a week association was found fort cyst size (Cramer’s V = 0.188, p = 0.028). Nevertheless, a moderate association was found for the presence of microaneurysms (Cramer’s V = 0.247, p < 0.001) and strong association for hard exudates (Cramer’s V = 0.386, p < 0.001), The binary logistic regression analysis retained the following influencing factors of the occurrence of peripheral events: advanced DR stage (Odds ratio OR = 2.19, p = 0.03), diffuse DME (OR = 7.76, p < 0.001) and its location in outer fields (OR = 7.09, p = 0.006). Likewise, the extension of the main DME outside the ETDRS area in was influenced by the same factors in addition to CMT (OR = 0.98, p = 0.004) while the presence of peripheral retinal edema was influenced by the same factors except the outer location of the Main DME. Finally, from the 94 eyes treated by intravitreal injections, extension of the main DME outside the ETDRS grid was detected in 54 eyes (56.44%) at baseline visit and still remained detectable in 37 eyes (39.36%) after treatment initiation.

Conclusions
Large-cube 30° × 25° OCT allowed for more precise assessment of DME extension and better detection of retinal thickening mainly in the advanced stages of diabetic retinopathy with significant DME whether at the baseline visit or during follow-up. The combination of this protocol with a wider ETDRS grid would enhance DME detection and topography.
Perinatal outcomes of human singletons conceived naturally versus assisted reproductive technologies: analysis of the effect of stimulated IVF, modified natural IVF, and frozen embryo transfer
Authors: Khudhari Adhwaa , Mourad Ali , Phillips Simon , Alam Mohammad Zubair , Hemmings Robert , Jamal Wael 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Obstetrical outcomes in assisted reproduction techniques (ART) were compared with naturally conceived pregnancies and among each other in multiple reports. However, many important changes in the practice of in vitro fertilization (IVF) over the years, including single embryo transfers (sET) and the introduction of modified natural IVF (mnIVF), and the advances in the frozen embryo transfer (FET) might have impacted the outcomes. Our study is the first to our knowledge to assess four different groups, including spontaneous pregnancies, mnIVF, stimulated IVF (sIVF), and FET altogether in a head-to-head comparison. This is a retrospective study on perinatal outcomes of singleton babies conceived naturally or using three different ART protocols between 2011 and 2014. The primary objective was the comparison of gestational age and birth weight between spontaneously conceived pregnancies (NAT, n= 15,770), mnIVF (n=235), sIVF (n=389), and FET (n=222).

Results
Our results show a significant difference in favor of naturally conceived pregnancies over ART in term of gestational age. In fact, the gestational age of babies in the NAT group was statistically higher compared to each one of the ART groups alone. Regarding the birth weight, the mean was significantly higher in the FET group compared to the other categories.

Conclusion
Differences in perinatal outcomes are still found among babies born after different modes of conception. However, there is still need for well-designed high-quality trials assessing perinatal outcomes between naturally conceived pregnancies and different ART protocols based on different maternal and treatment characteristics.
Multidisciplinary assessment of patients with ischemic stroke, the structure of a stroke team, and first Egyptian experience in adults undergoing transcatheter PFO closure for PFO-related stroke
Authors: Mansour Amr , Gamal Noha M. , Elfiky Azza A. , Saleh Mohamed Ayman , Mohamed Samia Ashour , ElKhawas Hala Mahmoud , ElSadek Ahmed , Dawood Noha L. , Elsayed Maiy H. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Patent foramen ovale closure in the setting of stroke was debatable until the recent data from the long-term follow-up of multiple randomized control trials. These recent data have led to increase the number of the procedure worldwide.
To our knowledge, there was no previous formal structured program in Egypt between cardiologists and neurologists for investigation and management of patients with cryptogenic stroke.
The first Egyptian-dedicated stroke team was created in two large tertiary centers with collaboration between cardiologists, dedicated cardiac imagers, and neurologists for investigation and management of patients with cryptogenic stroke.

Results
Sixty-three patients with cryptogenic stroke were identified from a total of 520 patients admitted to the stroke units between 2016 and 2019. Twenty-five patients had a proven PFO-related stroke. Three patients were referred for surgical closure, 19 patients underwent transcatheter PFO closure, and procedural success was met in 18 patients (94.7%). We did not experience any major procedure-related complication. Complete closure was achieved in 83.3% of patients at 6 months. One patient had a single attack TIA within the first 3 months after device closure; one patient had a device-related thrombosis; both were managed successfully.

Conclusion
Our initial experience in collaboration between cardiologist and neurologist with the establishment of a dedicated cryptogenic stroke team added significantly to the management of patients with stroke.
The results of the first Egyptian cohort who underwent transcatheter PFO closure demonstrated procedural feasibility, safety, and efficacy with very low incidence of major complications.
A nationwide program is needed to reduce the ischemic stroke disease burden and the risk of recurrence.
Optical waveguides based on one-dimensional organic crystals
Authors: Chen Song , Zhuo Ming-Peng , Wang Xue-Dong , Wei Guo-Qing , Liao Liang-Sheng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Optical waveguide of organic micro/nanocrystals is one of crucial elements in miniaturized integrated photonics. One-dimensional (1D) organic crystals with various optical features have attracted increasing interests towards promising photonic devices, such as multichannel signal converter, organic field-effect optical waveguide, sensitive detector, and optical logic gate. Therefore, a summary about the 1D organic micro/nanocrystals based optical waveguide is important for the rational design and fabrication of novel optical devices towards optoelectronics applications. Herein, recent advances of optical waveguide based on 1D organic micro/nanocrystals with solid, flexible, hollow, uniformly doped, core-shell, multiblock and branched structures are summarized from the aspects of the waveguide properties and applications in photonic devices. Furthermore, we presented our personal view about the expectation of future development in 1D organic optical waveguide for the photonic applications.

Graphical abstract
Variation of Suction during Wetting of Unsaturated Collapsible Gypseous Soils
Authors: A. H. Al-Obaidi Ahmed , Y. Fattah Mohammed , Kh. Al-Dorry Mohammed 
Published: March 2021

Gypseous soils represent as essential soils that exhibit unsaturated behavior that differs completely than their behavior during soaking. Their strength, stiffness, and compressibility are dependent on the degree of saturation.The soil used in this research is disturbed natural gypseous soil having three different percentages of gypsum; 55, 30 and 18%. Nine model tests were conducted to investigate the variation of suction, settlement and total vertical stress with time, also, to study the effect of wetting on the volume change of unsaturated gypseous soil. The soil container used with inner dimensions of (length 700Ã— width 700Ã— height 600 mm). A square footing with (100 mm) sides was used. Models in loose, medium and dense soils were prepared. Watermark monitor data logger model 900M was used, with automatic data collection device that measures soil suction in kPa. The saturation process involved the complete saturation until the suction sensors readings approach to zero. The saturation process was established by allowing the water to infiltrate through the soil in upward-direction with a steady flow and head of 2 m.For all soil models, the time needed to reach the zero suction (saturation state) increased with the increase of the initial dry density. The initial value of suction for all soils increased with decreasing of the initial water content. The drop in the readings of suction may be due to the effect of gypsum content on the adsorption of water that leads to the saturation of the sensors surrounding area.Â Â
Laboratory and Field Evaluation of some Bio and Chemical Insecticides Against Nymphs and Adults of Ceroplasts Rusci L. (Coccidae: Hemiptera)
Authors: Sh. Mansor M. , Mohamed  Hashem Nayef 
Published: March 2021

The present work including laboratory and field experimental test to evaluate the efficiency of different insecticides (systemic and biocides). Laboratory works including different concentrations for Mitrixin, Levo, Evisect, Polo and Actara for Ceroplasts rusci L. insect in leaf. Mortality percentage reading after two days. Field works were including the best concentration of insecticides achieved the highest mortality percentage for nymphs and adults of Ceroplasts rusci in the tree. The Mortality percentage reading after one, two, seven, fourteen days.Laboratory results showed that the efficiency of insecticides significantly variant is depending to concentration and type of insecticides. The corrected Mortality percentage was increased by increasing the concentration and type of insecticides. The Mortality percentage (59.23, 53.94, 52.25) insect/leaf increase for insecticides (Mitrixin, Levo, Evisect) respectively. In a field study, the effect of insecticide toxicity for nymphs and adults of C. rusci L. (Coccidae: Hemiptera) was tested. The Results showed that the insecticides Mitrixin distinction in the after two weeks treatment and levo insecticide in after a day treatment and after two weeks treatment while the lethal rate is (64.32, 63.49, 58.73) insect/leaf in (Matrixin, Levo, Evisect), respectively.
Bequest-Embedded Annuities and Tontines
Authors: Chen An , Rach Manuel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the present paper, we propose death benefits be directly embedded in retirement products to promote their attractiveness, where annuities and tontines are used as representative retirement products. As we assume that the death benefits will be passed on to the heirs of policyholders, these benefits can be considered as bequests. We find that both from the policyholders’ and insurers’ perspective, embedding bequests directly in the retirement products can increase the attractiveness of the retirement products and promote their sale. From the insurers’ perspective, without including death benefits, the insurers play purely an administrative role in a tontine product, while adding the bequest benefits makes the tontines real insurance products and incentivizes the insurers to actively provide these innovative retirement products. Further, adding the bequest benefits upon the death of the policyholder, some natural hedging is incorporated in the survival payments, which reduces the solvency capital the insurers are required to set aside.
Transient generalized proximal tubular dysfunction in an infant with a urinary tract infection: the effect of maternal infliximab therapy?
Authors: Schreuder Michiel F. , de Jong Huib , van der Kuur Ellen C. , Cornelissen Elisabeth A.M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in childhood. Distal tubular dysfunction during a UTI is relatively common, but proximal tubular involvement is a unique feature in humans.

Case presentation
We present the first case of transient generalized proximal tubular dysfunction (renal Fanconi syndrome) in an infant with an UTI. During pregnancy, his mother was treated for Crohn’s disease with infliximab (last dose at 28 weeks of gestation). He presented at the age of six weeks with a reduced intake, and was found to have amino-aciduria, glucosuria, and urinary loss of potassium, bicarbonate and low-molecular-weight proteins. Within a few weeks after antibiotic treatment for the UTI, no proximal tubular disorder remained and the boy is doing well.

Conclusions
We hypothesize that the inflammatory response caused by the UTI was more profoundly present due to the maternal infliximab therapy, and thereby included not only the distal but also the proximal tubules.