bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEANEKARAGAMAN KELAS BIVALVIA DI HUTAN MANGROVE PANTAI BAMA TAMAN NASIONAL BALURAN
Authors: Bahri Syaiful , Indah Dwi Kurnia Tristi , Ardiyansyah Fuad 
Published: September 2021

Bivalvia (kerang-kerangan) adalah biota yang biasa hidup menetap di dalam substrat dasar perairan. Bivalvia memiliki nilai penting di dalam ekosistem air laut. Secara ekologis Bivalvia dikategorikan sebagai biota penting penyusun suatu ekosistem karena Bivalvia bersifat filter fideer sehingga Bivalvia mampu menyaring bahan-bahan organik yang ada di dalam perairan Penelitian dilakukan di Hutan Mangrove Pantai Bama Taman Nasional Baluran pada bulan Maret-September 2020 dengan metode Purposive sampling dan tehnik Pengambilan sampel dibagi menjadi 3 stasiun dengan jarak tiap stasiun 200 m dan dengan luas tiap stasiun 450 m2. Setiap stasiun dibagi menjadi 3 garis transek jarak tiap garis transek 30 m, dalam satu garis transek terdapat 10 plot berukutan 2 × 2 m2.. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan peroleh 8 Famili 9 Genus dan 9 Spesies, diantanya yaitu: Famili Arcidae, Mactridae, Mytilidae, Veneroidae, Placunidae, Ostreidae, Tellinidae dan Pinnidae. Adapun 9 Genus yang ditemukan diantaranya: Anadara, Barbatia, Spisula, Modiolus, Periglypta, Placuna, Saccostrea, Tellina dan Pinna, sedangkan 9 Spesies yang di temukan yaitu: Anadara granosa, Barbatia Barbata, Spisula solida, Modiolus barbatus, Periglypta poerpera, Placuna Placenta, Saccostrea cucullata, Tellina timorensis, Pinna Nobilis.Total keseluruhan Bivalvia Mangrove yang diperoleh yaitu 628 individu, indek keanekaragaman di seluruh stasiun mempunyai rata-rata Hˊ= 1,66 dengan katagori sedang, sedangkan indeks dominansi di semua Stasiun mempunyai rata-rata C= 0,22. Maka indeks dominansi di katagorikan rendah,
Collecting Evidence in Forensic Events and Comparison of the Digital Evidence Practices of Kosovo and Turkey
Authors: Morina Mensur , Papajorgji Endri , Eren Muhammet Ali 
Published: September 2021

Evidence is an important concept in order to reveal whether a crime really exists or not and integrate it with all its elements. There are numerous methods of crime scene investigation in forensic cases. During the judgment phase, the most important factor that will help understand and decide the manner in which the incident took place is the evidence that will provide proof with regard to the incident. Therefore, evidence helps prosecutors and judges correctly understand and establish the relationship between the crime and the criminals and prove the committed crime and ensure correct, fair and rapid execution of the trial with the aim of reaching the material truth. Evidence obtained in the crime scene provides information with regard to the manner in which the crime was committed, the time of the crime, thebehaviour of the perpetrator, the suspect, the victim and the crime scene ensuring the establishment of the relationship between them. On the other hand, with the digital systems gaining more placein the life of the society, the crime scene has shifted from a physical environment to a digital one. Consequently, new types of crimes are committed digitally and as a result, the concept of digital evidence has arisen. There are no specific laws on the collection of digital evidence under Kosovo's legislation. On the other hand, there are legal regulations regarding digital evidence in exemplary countries such as Turkey. This study will comprise of the methods of gathering evidence in forensic cases and the comparison of the legal legislation on digital evidence in Kosovo and Turkey.

Received: 5 June 2021 / Accepted: 15 July 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
The Translation of Jihad Verses After the Emergence of ISIS: Distortion or Reality
Authors: Mahasneh Anjad A. 
Published: September 2021

The mistranslation, misinterpretation and misquotation of Quranic verses, particularly jihad verses by radicalists reflect an extreme misunderstanding of Islam for being an abusive and violent religion. Thus, this study examines three groups of books, reflecting the attitude towards Islam, jihad, Quran, and radicalist groups. Group one represents western authored books published in 2014 and after (the emergence of ISIS period); group two, presenting Arab and Muslim-authored books; and finally, group three includes books for Western authors which were published before 2014. Three groups scrutinize jihad and war related verses, the conception of jihad, some names of Islamist figures, and stereotypes of Islam. Jihad verses and their interpretations and translations were extracted from those books and compared to their true tafsir and reasons of revelations according to Ibn Katheer tafsir. The results revealed that interpreting and translating Quranic verses out of their context by radical groups especially ISIS to justify their awful deeds has participated largely in increasing the hostility of western authors and western media towards Islam and Muslims and raised Islamophobia internationally.

Received: 31 May 2021 / Accepted: 19 July 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Law on Reservations to Human Rights Treaties: Historical Development and Its Prospects
Authors: Cheema Zaheer Iqbal , Ismail Shahrul Mizan 
Published: September 2021

The application of rules on reservations under the Vienna Convention on Laws of Treaties (VCLT) has generated a debate to revisit the Vienna regime. The rules on reservations under the VCLT have helped attain the universality of human rights treaties but at the price of integrity. The beneficial aspect of reservations is the promotion of universal recognition of human rights treaties. However, they have shattered the uniform and practical application of the provisions of these treaties. The disappointment of the treaty monitoring bodies over the VCLT’s rules on reservations to human rights treaties has resulted in the demand for a separate set of rules on reservations drawn to them. The universality and integrity of these treaties have been at the forefront of the treaty bodies and scholars. In the current debate on rules on reservations, this research tracks down the historical development of the law on reservations to multilateral treaties. It highlights the unique features of the human rights treaties and examines the application of rules to determine the compatibility of reservations. The research suggests treaty bodies adopt a novel approach to maintain the balance between universality and their integrity.

Received: 9 April 2021 / Accepted: 3 June 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
The Expectation for Pension Insurance in Funded Schemes: Theoretical Model and Global Implementation
Authors: Wolf Ishay , Lopez del Rio Lorena Caridad y 
Published: September 2021

In this study, we derive the financial position of pension actors in the market during pension system transition toward more funded capitalized scheme, mainly via an option benefit model. This is enabled by not considering the economy as a single earning cohort. We analytically demonstrate a socio-economic anomaly in funded pension system, which is in favor of high earning cohorts on the expense of low earning cohorts. This anomaly is realized by lack of insurance and exposure to financial and systemic risks. Furthermore, the anomaly might lead to pension re-reform back to unfunded scheme, mostly due to political pressure. We find that minimum pension guarantee is a rebalance mechanism to this anomaly, which increases the probability to sustainable pension scheme. Specifically, we argue that implementing the guarantee with an intra-generational, risk-sharing mechanism is the most efficient way to reduce the effect of this abnormality. Moreover, we exhibit the convergence process toward implementing minimum pension guarantee in many countries, which have capitalized their pension systems during the last three decades, particularly among Latin America and Central East Europe (CEE) countries.

Received: 11 December 2020 / Accepted: 5 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Enterprises in Yugoslavia as a Specialty of Workers' Self-Management System During Socialism (1945-1990)
Authors: Papajorgji Endri , Mëçalla Naim 
Published: September 2021

In Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (hereinafter: SFRY) many laws were approved that regulated the legal capacity of economic organizations (Dobias, 1969);1 however, no law regulated the concept of the enterprise (Stipetić, 1982). The constitution of 13.1.1953 transformed in its Art 4 “state property” to "social property". In addition, workers' self-management of enterprises (economic organizations) was proclaimed as the basis of the social and political order. The work collective managed the assets of the companies on behalf of the company, while the state was responsible for day-to-day management and the funds needed for production (Prasnikar, Svejnar, Mihaljek & Prasnikar, 1994). In this sense, the implementation of participative management systems reflects the intentions of the political leadership to decentralize and liberalize economic life (Zeffane, 1988). The company was not a commercial company, as it is known in the West, but a production cooperative that was not in a membership relationship with the workers (because then they would be equal to a public company), but in an employment relationship (Spaić, 1960). The company was self-sufficient in terms of its internal organization and management, planning its economic activity, the distribution and use of income, the signing of contracts and the formation of economic associations (Pretnar, 1961). The self-administration law, ie the right of the work collectives to the administration of the commercial enterprises, could be called civil-law or property-law authority, because the work collectives would not have possessed a real self-administration right, without such a competence. In this sense, main objective of this manuscript is the analysis of enterprises in Yugoslavia as a specialty of both systems, capitalism and socialism. Main objective of this manuscript is the Analysis of Enterprises in Yugoslavia as a specialty of workers' self-management system from 1963 -1990

Received: 16 June 2021 / Accepted: 3 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Creative Procedure of Bin Products for Children
Authors: Egwutvongsa Songwut , Setvisat Somchai 
Published: September 2021

This research had the objective to design children’s bins and make a comparison of the new and old bin patterns. The group sampling consisted of 652 participants composed of the students and personnel in a school in Khlong Kum District, Bangkok, Thailand. For this case, multistage random sampling was used with 234 participants, and the research tools were composed of five-point Likert scale questionnaires that were measured with Cronbach’s alpha coefficient with a level of 0.91, independent t-test and multiple regression analysis. From the above information, it was found that the influencing factors to the children’s bin’s design involved the beauty (0.32), specific attributes, (0.24), morale (0.16), ergonomics (0.10), safety (0.07), application (0.07), and the materials (0.05). In addition, when testing the model, it was found that the new bin product patterns had the most satisfaction level ( =4.55; S.D.=0.30), followed by the original bin product patterns that had a moderate satisfaction level ( =3.08; S.D.=0.52). Finally, when comparing the differences of the satisfaction level by using the t-test statistics, it was found that the children’s satisfaction to the new bin patterns were at a higher level than the original ones with a statistical significance level of .05.

Received: 3 July 2021 / Accepted: 16 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Entanglement as a Hermeneutic Tool for Interpreting Humanities Texts: The Case of Oedipus the King and The Book of Job
Authors: Glasberg Ronald 
Published: September 2021

The essay seeks to develop the foundations of a general hermeneutics, by which I mean a strategy of interpretation that not only encompasses the sciences and the humanities, but also seeks to integrate them. More specifically, certain classic texts in the humanities (i.e., those deemed representative of certain cultural traditions) are accordingly interpreted by way of categories derived from physics. In the present case, categories associated with quantum entanglement are applied to the classic or foundational humanities texts: Sophocles’ Oedipus the King and the Old Testament Book of Job. The main categories brought to bear in this experiment in hermeneutics are the following: (1) entanglement itself, (2) locality-non-locality, (3) realism-non-realism, (4) latent and manifest levels of reality, and (5) internality-externality. After an introductory section defining the foregoing categories, the second section applies them to the texts in question with a view to redefining the relationship between two major components of the ancient world: the Greco-Roman and the Hebraic. The final section concludes the essay by outlining the framework of a general hermeneutics whereby schemas and objects of interpretation are structured in terms internality and externality. The former pertains to mind and culture while the latter is associated with a non-conscious materiality. Thus, four interpretive strategies can be deployed to give a comprehensive understanding of the world: (1) externalist schemas of interpretation applied to internalist objects of interpretation; (2) internalist schemas applied to externalist objects; (3) externalist schemas applied to externalist objects, and (4) internalist schemas applied to internalist objects.

Received: 8 July 2021 / Accepted: 19 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Guaranteeing the Right to Attend Higher Education of Vulnerable Groups and Minorities
Authors: Skënderaj Klodjan , Tota Naim 
Published: September 2021

The right to education is a fundamental right of the person, which is recognized and guaranteed in Albania by international acts and domestic legislation. The right to education is a positive right, which not only must be recognized but it obligates the State to take all measures to enable its realization. However, this right is not an absolute right, which means that the State has the obligation to guarantee the right to education up to the 9-year system, while it is at the discretion of the individual to attend or not the secondary and higher education. The right to access education in the university system can be conditioned by a series of criteria set in laws and bylaws. This paper will analyze the innovations and conditions in the criteria provided by the law “On higher education” and its bylaws regarding university admission of students belonging to vulnerable groups such as minorities by combining the theoretical analysis with the practical implementation of these criteria.

Received: 14 June 2021 / Accepted: 4 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Translation, Re-translation, and the Reception of Arabic Literature in English: The Case of Ahlam Mostaghenami’s Novel Chaos of the Senses
Authors: Alzghoul Musa , Alazzam Tahani 
Published: September 2021

The current study compares the two translations of Ahlam Mostaghenami’s second novel Fawda Al-Hawas into English as Chaos of the Senses by (Baria Ahmar Sreih, 2004) and Chaos of the Senses by (Nancy Roberts, 2015) and examines the reception of both translations in the English-speaking communities where they were circulated. The study seeks to find out answers to questions about: the reasons for retranslating Fawda Al-Hawas after a relatively short period of time after its first translation, the roles of human agents such as the author, translators, and publishers in the production and reception of the two translations of Fawda Al-Hawas , how the retranslation tried to avoid previous problems, if any, that hindered the circulation of the first translation, the role of paratexts in the reception of the two translations. The study draws on major concepts form reception theory as adopted by (Brown, 1994) in her study of Latin American novels published in West Germany. Specifically, the current study draws a close comparison of the paratexts associated with the two translations of Mostaghenami’s Fawda Al-Hawasas well as the roles of stakeholders. The study concludes that despite the use of more paratextual elements as well as textual improvements in the retranslation, it has not shown better results in terms of reception and circulation.

Received: 4 May 2021 / Accepted: 9 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Impacts of Crime on Socio-Economic Development
Authors: Jonathan Okpuvwie Ejuvweyere , Olusola Akinyede Joseph , Bernadin Tohozin Coovi Aime , Inoussa Toko Mouhamadou 
Published: September 2021

Crime is as old as man and it exists in every society in respective of its level of development. The rate at which criminals operate unhindered in most societies especially in developing countries around the world is worrisome. Crime creates fear and untold suffering among people. Crime often stands as a barrier to socio-economic growth of society, discourages investment, increases the cost of transactions and ultimately fuel migration which eventually creates economic development disparities around the world. The aim of this study is to analyze the manifestation of crime the world over with a view to intimating government of all countries to have a firm control of all criminal activities in their respective countries for a better society. The approach methodology is based on a literature review of scientific journals and reports. Secondary data were sourced from both published and unpublished works as the study applies descriptive method. The main results showed various manifestations of crimes such as banditry, kidnapping, rape, stealing and murder among others. Therefore, crime fuels corruption and destabilizes development of any society. In conclusion, crime knows no boundary nor personality as it affects people at all levels. This sad activity will continue to be a major factor of lack of socio-economic development if no strong action is taken by governments to effectively tackle the activities of criminals, terrorists and bandits around the world.

Received: 14 May 2021 / Accepted: 5 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
Behavioural Dumping and Drainage Channels
Authors: Twaibu Semwogerere , Okidi Lating Peter 
Published: September 2021

Dumping is one of the inevitable societal behaviours because waste can only be controlled but not eliminated completely. The rapidly growing developing countries have cities, towns and trading centres emerging daily coupled with increasing populations can be well related to poor drainage and irresponsible dumping in water channels. The aim of this study was to scrutinize drainage dumping behaviours in relation to water channels in some selected cities in Uganda. In this study, observational and analytical experiments on dumping were done in selected towns and cities, along some major highways connecting them. The findings showed that a lot of illegal dumping is happening at a rate of 63% on average on roads and even near the legal dumping places. Most of the refuse that is erroneously dumped ends up in drainage channels leading to serious flooding and other environmental consequences. The study recommends other better models in addition to improving drainage design, construction and maintenance patterns. Strict laws and sensitization are crucial in this regard and can help in saving and improving the lives of the people by at least 11%
Approach to the Ethnoeducation and the Religious Experience of Young Colombian Afro-descendants
Authors: Paez Pinto Jorge Alberto 
Published: September 2021

Religion is a complex human phenomenon that can be analyzed from different epistemological and anthropological perspectives, from which religious experiences are reconstructed as part of the active relationship between personal consciousness and the disruptive presence of a transcendent "other". In Colombia, there is a significant population of young Afro-descendants who have a series of religious and cultural beliefs rooted in their origins and traditions. Under this consideration, in this research, case of study, it is analyzed how ethno-education, as a public policy in Colombia, allows the development of the religious experience of young Afro-descendants.
National Russian language Olympiad in Bulgaria – more than half a century
Authors: Тодоров Юрий 
Published: September 2021

6 марта 2021 г. в финальном национальном туре олимпиады по русскому языку в Болгарии приняли участие 112 школьников из 22 городов страны. Организатором национальной олимпиады по русскому языку в Болгарии выступает Болгарская национальная сеть преподавателей русского языка и культуры, коллективный член Международного педагогического общества в поддержку русского языка. На постоянной основе с болгарскими коллегами сотрудничают преподаватели и специалисты факультета регионоведения и этнокультурного образования Института социально-гуманитарного образования Московского педагогического государственного университета.
On March 6, 2021, 112 school students from 22 towns of Bulgaria took part in the final national round of the National Russian language Olympiad. The organizer is the Bulgarian National Network of teachers of the Russian language and culture, a collective member of the International Pedagogical Society in Support of the Russian Language. Teachers and specialists of the Faculty of Regional Studies and Ethnocultural Education of the Institute of Social and Humanitarian Education of Moscow Pedagogical State University cooperate on regular basis with Bulgarian colleagues.
Russian language in Georgia: view from the inside
Authors: Хабенская Е.О. 
Published: September 2021

Статья посвящена проблемам русскоязычного образования, сохранения и распространения русского языка в Грузии в постсоветский период. Рассматривается в динамике положение русского языка в системе среднего образования начиная с 1991 г., отношение к русскоязычным, русскому языку и культуре грузинской политической элиты и грузинского общества в разные периоды независимости страны. Анализируются причины, факторы и перспективы изменения положения русского языка в современной Грузии. Иллюстративным материалом и отчасти источником для статьи послужили тексты эссе педагогов-русистов, лауреатов Пушкинского конкурса из Грузии в 2001–2018 годах.
The article is devoted to the problems of education in Russian, preservation and spread of the Russian language in Georgia in the post-Soviet period. The position of the Russian language in the secondary education system since 1991, the attitude towards Russianspeakers, the Russian language and culture of Georgian political elite and Georgian society in different periods of country’s independence are considered in dynamics. Causes, factors and perspectives of changes in the position of the Russian language in modern Georgia are analyzed. The texts of essays written by the Russian teachers who were winners of the Pushkin Competition from Georgia in 2001-2018, served as illustrative material, and partially as a source for the article.