bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Oncomine Comprehensive Assay v3 panel for the detection of 1p/19q codeletion in oligodendroglial tumours
Authors: Ali Rola H , Alateeqi Mona , Jama Hiba , Alrumaidhi Noor , Alqallaf Ali , Mohammed Eiman Mahmoud , Almurshed Maryam , Bahzad Shakir 
Published: September 2021

AimsAccurate assessment of 1p/19q codeletion status in diffuse gliomas is of paramount importance for diagnostic, prognostic and predictive purposes. While targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) has been widely implemented for glioma molecular profiling, its role in detecting structural chromosomal variants is less well established, requiring supplementary informatic tools for robust detection. Herein, we evaluated a commercially available amplicon-based targeted NGS panel (Oncomine Comprehensive Assay v3) for the detection of 1p/19q losses in glioma tissues using an Ion Torrent platform and the standard built-in NGS data analysis pipeline solely.MethodsUsing as little as 20 ng of DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues, we analysed 25 previously characterised gliomas for multi-locus copy number losses (CNLs) on 1p and 19q, including 11 oligodendrogliomas (ODG) and 14 non-oligodendroglial (non-ODG) controls. Fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) was used as a reference standard.ResultsThe software confidently detected combined contiguous 1p/19q CNLs in 11/11 ODGs (100% sensitivity), using a copy number cut-off of ≤1.5 and a minimum of 10 amplicons covering the regions. Only partial non-specific losses were identified in non-ODGs (100% specificity). Copy number averages of ODG and non-ODG groups were significantly different (p<0.001). NGS was concordant with FISH and was superior to it in distinguishing partial from contiguous losses indicative of whole-arm chromosomal deletion.ConclusionsThis commercial NGS panel, along with the standard Ion Torrent algorithm, accurately detected 1p/19q losses in ODG samples, obviating the need for specialised custom-made informatic analyses. This can easily be incorporated into routine glioma workflow as an alternative to FISH.
Cerebral angiographic features of central retinal artery occlusion patients treated with intra-arterial thrombolysis
Authors: Kim Jongshin , Jung Seunguk , Park Kyu Hyung , Woo Se Joon , Jung Cheolkyu 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundCentral retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an ischemic stroke of the eye. The atherosclerotic lesions in the intracranial segment of the carotid artery (CA) and the ophthalmic artery (OphA) are not well defined. We aimed to investigate the cerebral angiographic features of CRAO patients and assess the relationship between the angiographic features and outcomes after intra-arterial thrombolysis (IAT).MethodsWe included 101 acute non-arteritic CRAO patients treated with IAT. We analyzed the detailed angiographic features of the OphA and ipsilateral CA, visual acuity, fundus photography, and fluorescein angiography.ResultsOf the 101 patients, 38 patients (37.6%) had steno-occlusive lesions in the OphA, and 62 patients (61.4%) had atherosclerotic lesions in the ipsilateral CA. The patients with a higher degree of stenosis in the OphA showed a higher degree of stenosis (P=0.049) and a more severe morphology of plaque (P=0.000) in the ipsilateral CA. Additionally, although the visual outcome was not associated with these angiographic features, the lower degree of stenosis and less severe morphology of plaque in the ipsilateral CA resulted in a significant improvement in early reperfusion rate (P=0.018 and P=0.014, respectively) and arm-to-retina circulation (P=0.016 and P=0.002, respectively) of the eye after IAT.ConclusionsThere was a significant correlation in the severity of steno-occlusive lesions between the OphA and the ipsilateral CA in patients with CRAO. The patients with less severe angiographic features in the CA showed a more improved retinal reperfusion after IAT. The angiographic findings in the CA may serve as a predictive marker for the vessel integrity of the OphA and recanalization outcome after IAT.
Vitamin D levels and mortality with SARS-COV-2 infection: a retrospective two-centre cohort study
Authors: Zafar Mansoor , Karkhanis Mangala , Shahbaz Muhammad , Khanna Alisha , Barry Lucinda , Alam Saba , Lawrence Kamal , Pun Bipin , Eldebri Reem , Makanjuola Opeyemi , Safarova Dana , Farooq Mariya , Nooredinavand Hesam , Cuison Frderic , Subba Karuna , Singh Randhawa Ratan , Hegner Johannes , Oluwamayowa Ojofeitimi , Elyasaky Amr , Adekunle Bolurin , Periasamy Manivannan , Abdelbagi Mohamed , Maryam Zahra , Khuu Bao , Esteves Morete Andreia , Ciroi Giulio , Moran Steve , O'Neill William , Zafar Maaryah J , Zafar Nadiyah , Patel Mirej , Golez Raphael , Hadid Abubakr , Muhammad Tila , Mayhead Philip , Whitehead Mark , Dashora Umesh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe role of vitamin D in increased mortality with SARS-COV-2 virus, namely, COVID-19, remains uncertain. We analysed all the patients who were treated as COVID-19-positive with or without a positive swab and were tested for vitamin D levels.MethodsThis was a retrospective, study involving 1226 patients swabbed for SARS-CoV-2 between the 10 February 2020 and 1 May 2020 at two hospitals of East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust. Patients who were swab-positive for COVID-19 or treated as COVID-19-positive on clinical grounds even though swab results were negative were included in this study. We analysed the association of vitamin D levels and mortality, assessing linear and non-linear associations.ResultsA total of 1226 patients had SARS-CoV-2 RNA swabs in this period with age range from 1 year to 101 years. A cohort of 433 of these patients had swabs and recent vitamin D levels anytime in the previous 3 months. Mortality rates were not found to be associated with vitamin D levels (OR=1.04, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.12).ConclusionOur findings suggest similar mortality risk from COVID-19 irrespective of the levels of vitamin D. Larger prospective studies will be needed to confirm these findings.
Charged stars in 4D Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity
Authors: Banerjee Ayan , Hansraj Sudan , Moodly Lushen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAn alternative gravity theory that has attracted considerable attention recently is the novel four-dimensional Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet (4EGB) gravity. This idea was proposed to bypass the Lovelock’s theorem and to permit nontrivial higher curvature effects on the four-dimensional local gravity. In this approach, the Gauss–Bonnet (GB) coupling constant $$\alpha $$
α
is rescaled by a factor of $$\alpha /(D -4)$$

α
/
(
D
-
4
)

in D dimensions and taking the limit $$D \rightarrow 4$$

D
→
4

. In this article, we analyze the effects of charge on static compact stars in the regularized 4D EGB gravity theory. Two classes of new exact solutions are found for a particular choice of the gravitational potential and assuming a relationship between the electric field intensity and the spatial potential. A graphical analysis indicates that the matter and electromagnetic variables are well behaved for specific values of the parameter space. Finally, based on physical grounds appropriate bounds on the model parameters we show that compact objects with the value of adiabatic index $$\gamma $$
γ
is consistent with expectations.
Electronic and magnetic properties of bulk and surfaces half-Heusler alloy KCaB and its bulk thermoelectric properties
Authors: Khalaf Al-zyadi Jabbar M. , Abed Wed A. , Ati Ahmed Hamad 
Published: September 2021

This paper discusses the structural, electronic, magnetic, and half-metallic properties of half-Heusler alloy KCaB. First-principles calculation based on density functional theory is successfully used to determine properties at bulk and on the (111) and (001) surfaces of KCaB. KCaB is half-metallic ferromagnet with a magnetic moment of 1 [Formula: see text] and an energy gap equal to 0.82 eV in the lower spin channel. The [Formula: see text]-type doped exhibits higher Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and figure of merit than the [Formula: see text]-type-doped KCaB at room-temperature 300 K. The half-metallic property is preserved in each of the ends Ca and B on the (111) surface and is lost in the ends K (111) and B and KCa (001) slab surface. The relaxation effect on the electronic spin states decreases the magnetic moment of some atoms on the end surface because the relaxation of the atomic sites is affected and the loss of the nearest neighbors affects exchange–correlation interactions. The surface end with Ca is more stable than the surface end with B on the (111) surface and can maintain the property of half metallic under relatively large stress.
Aquecimento global antropogênico
Authors: Molion Luiz Carlos Baldicero 
Published: September 2021

O aquecimento global antropogênico catastrófico, defendido pelo IPCC, não tem bases científicas sólidas. Está calcado apenas em resultados de modelos de clima global que são alvos de críticas severas na comunidade científica, pois não conseguem replicar o clima passado, e em cenários futuros de concentração de CO2 questionáveis. Não existe, portanto, uma emergência climática como apregoa o Acordo Climático de Paris. Ao contrário, como o Sol está entrando em um mínimo de atividade que ocorre secularmente, é mais provável que haja um ligeiro resfriamento global nos próximos 20 anos. Resfriamentos climáticos são prejudiciais para a humanidade, uma vez que prolongam os invernos, reduzem o período de cultivo causando quebras de safras, e aumentam a mortalidade de idosos fora dos trópicos.
Prognostic Impact of Myocardial Extracellular Volume Fraction Assessment Using Dual‐Energy Computed Tomography in Patients Treated With Aortic Valve Replacement for Severe Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Suzuki Masataka , Toba Takayoshi , Izawa Yu , Fujita Hiroshi , Miwa Keisuke , Takahashi Yu , Toh Hiroyuki , Kawamori Hiroyuki , Otake Hiromasa , Tanaka Hidekazu , Fujiwara Sei , Watanabe Yoshiaki , Kono Atsushi K. , Okada Kenji , Hirata Ken‐ichi 
Published: September 2021

Background
Myocardial extracellular volume fraction (ECV), measured by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, is a useful prognostic marker for patients who have undergone aortic valve replacement (AVR) for aortic stenosis. However, the prognostic significance of ECV measurements based on computed tomography (CT) is unclear. This study evaluated the association between ECV measured with dual‐energy CT and clinical outcomes in patients with aortic stenosis who underwent transcatheter or surgical AVR.

Methods and Results

We retrospectively enrolled 95 consecutive patients (age, 84.0±5.0 years; 75% women) with severe aortic stenosis who underwent preprocedural CT for transcatheter AVR planning. ECV was measured using iodine density images obtained by delayed enhancement dual‐energy CT. The primary end point was a composite outcome of all‐cause death and hospitalization for heart failure after AVR. The mean ECV measured with CT was 28.1±3.8%. During a median follow‐up of 2.6 years, 22 composite outcomes were observed, including 15 all‐cause deaths and 11 hospitalizations for heart failure. In Kaplan‐Meier analysis, the high ECV group (≥27.8% [median value]) had significantly higher rates of composite outcomes than the low ECV group (<27.8%) (log‐rank test,
P
=0.012). ECV was the only independent predictor of adverse outcomes on multivariable Cox regression analysis (hazards ratio, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.10‒1.41;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
Myocardial ECV measured with dual‐energy CT in patients who underwent aortic valve intervention was an independent predictor of adverse outcomes after AVR.
Capturing Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Stroke at the
ICD‐9
to
ICD‐10
Transition: Case Volume Discontinuity in the United States National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Zhou Lily W. , Allo Mina , Mlynash Michael , Field Thalia S. 
Published: September 2021

Background

Transition from
International Classification of Diseases
(
ICD
)
Ninth
and
Tenth Revisions
(
ICD‐9
and
ICD‐10
) for hospital discharge data was mandated for US hospitals on October 1, 2015. We examined the volume of patients receiving thrombolysis in ischemic stroke (IS) identified using
ICD
codes within this transition period in the 2015 to 2016 National Inpatient Sample, a weighted 20% sample of all inpatient US hospital discharges.

Methods and Results

During the
ICD‐10
period, 2 case identification strategies were used. Codes for IS were combined with: (1) only the
ICD‐10
code for thrombolytic given into a peripheral vein and (2) all new
ICD‐10
codes mapped to the
ICD‐9
code for all thrombolysis. On visual inspection there was an obvious discontinuity in the volume of patients with IS treated with IV thrombolysis corresponding to 3 time periods:
ICD‐9
(study period 1), transition (period 2), and
ICD‐10
(period 3). With Strategy 1, analysis using a linear spline with 2 knots shows that the volume of patients with IS treated with IV thrombolysis was significantly different between study periods 1 and 2 (slope difference −1880, 95% CI −2834 to −928,
P
=0.005), and periods 2 to 3 (slope difference 1980, 95% CI 1207–2754,
P
= 0.002). With Strategy 2, volumes did not change significantly between periods 1 to 2, though there was a significant difference between periods 2 and 3 (slope difference 719, 95% CI 91–1347,
P
=0.034).

Conclusions

The significant discontinuity in thrombolysis volumes for IS during the transition period for
ICD‐9
to
ICD‐10
coding suggests that more rigorous validation of US administrative data during this time period may be necessary for research, resource planning, and quality assurance.
Chemistry and Measurement: Some Philosophical Lessons
Authors: Llored Jean-Pierre 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
How do chemists assign numbers to chemicals properties? What do these numbers refer to? To answer these questions, we will first point out both the context-dependence of chemicals and the epistemic limitations of chemistry. We will then investigate how chemists use various procedures to stabilize measurements and how they use mixtures of samples as “references” in order to determine the amount of different chemicals in a sample. This study will enable us to query how it is possible for chemists to change one factor while holding others constant at each step of the measurement procedure. This part of our work which will lead us to query the meaning of the ceteris paribus clause and the very possibility of making holistic inferences in the domain of chemistry. To conclude, we will highlight how methodological pluralism developed by chemists makes it possible for a relational type of consistency to emerge.
On the Philosophical Significance of the Reform of the International System of Units (SI): A Double-Adjustment Account of Scientific Enquiry
Authors: de Courtenay Nadine 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The philosophical significance attached to the construction of systems of units has traditionally been confined to the notion of convention, while their adoption was considered to be the exclusive province of the history and sociology of science. Against this tradition, a close articulation between history, philosophy, and sociology of science is needed in order to analyse the recent reform of the International system of units (SI). In the new SI, units are redefined on the basis of certain fundamental constants of nature, established by physical theories, whose values are fixed without uncertainty. The purpose of this article is to show that the redefinition of SI units, far from being a convention, involves a holistic reconstruction of our concepts of quantities from accepted theoretical laws. Fixing the values of the defining constants stabilizes these laws within the framework of physics through a twofold adjustment procedure that ensures both a semantic coordination between theory and world and an intersubjective coordination between human agents required by social activities. This double adjustment implies a treatment of uncertainties that results in closely entwining the pursuit of truth as correspondence and truth as coherence which turn out to be complementary, thus highlighting the anthropological underpinnings of scientific realism.
Entomotoxic effects of synthesized aluminum oxide nanoparticles against Sitophilus oryzae and their toxicological effects on albino rats
Authors: Ismail Tamer , Salama Mohamed A , El-Ebiary Mostafa 
Published: September 2021

Recently, nanoparticles are emerging as a potential alternative to synthetic pesticides for protection against stored-product insect pests, such as the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae; however, the toxic effects of nanoparticles on nontarget organisms are not yet understood. Therefore, we investigated the insecticidal effects of synthesized aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3-NPs) on S. oryzae, as well as their potential toxicity in albino rats. S. oryzae mortality increased as the period of Al2O3-NP exposure increased; 100% mortality was reached at 8000 mg Al2O3-NPs/kg of wheat grain after 7 days of exposure. After 60 days of exposure, all tested Al2O3-NPs concentrations (1000, 2000, 4000, and 8000 mg/kg grain) significantly reduced the number of S. oryzae offspring in a dose-dependent manner. In albino rats, exposure to the LC90 of Al2O3-NPs in a treated diet caused a significant decrease in total body weight and an increase in liver weight in a subacute toxicity test. Moreover, Al2O3-NP treatment elevated the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatinine in exposed rats relative to control rats, while the uric acid levels of treated rats decreased. Histopathological analysis also revealed various hepatic and renal lesions in treated rats. In summary, although Al2O3-NPs have insecticidal effects, they also have hazardous toxicological effects on rats. Therefore, if Al2O3-NPs are used in the current powder form to protect stored products, they may cause adverse effects to workers and consumers. Further research will be required to develop new nanoformulations with increased safety and potency before these nanoparticles can be used in stored-product pest control.
Implementation of online psychosocial interventions for people with neurological conditions and their caregivers: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Miao Melissa , Power Emma , Rietdijk Rachael , Brunner Melissa , Togher Leanne 
Published: September 2021

Background As the burden of neurological conditions increases globally, online psychosocial interventions offer a potentially scalable solution to enabling healthcare access. However, their successful development and implementation require research into electronic healthcare implementation specifically. Methods Using a search strategy combining the concepts of implementation, electronic healthcare, psychosocial interventions and neurological conditions, we will conduct comprehensive electronic searches for primary implementation evidence in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, SpeechBITE and NeuroBITE databases. Included studies will be analysed according to the Non-adoption, Abandonment, Scale-Up, Spread, and Sustainability framework, appraised using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool and evaluated for theoretical underpinning in implementation science, with hybrid studies of effectiveness-implementation research classified according to the type of hybrid design. Discussion This review will be the first to use a theoretical underpinning in the Non-adoption, Abandonment, Scale-Up, Spread, and Sustainability framework to evaluate strengths and gaps in existing implementation research into online psychosocial interventions for people with neurological conditions and/or their caregivers. The results may be useful to provide direction and recommendations for future clinical implementation and research into online psychosocial interventions for people with neurological conditions and/or their caregivers. Systematic review registration PROSPERO 2020: CRD42020186387.
Alternative polyadenylation dysregulation contributes to the differentiation block of acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Davis Amanda G. , Johnson Daniel T. , Zheng Dinghai , Wang Ruijia , Jayne Nathan D. , Liu Mengdan , Shin Jihae , Wang Luyang , Stoner Samuel A. , Zhou Jie-Hua , Ball Edward D. , Tian Bin , Zhang Dong-Er 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Posttranscriptional regulation has emerged as a driver for leukemia development and an avenue for therapeutic targeting. Among posttranscriptional processes, alternative polyadenylation (APA) is globally dysregulated across cancer types. However, limited studies have focused on the prevalence and role of APA in myeloid leukemia. Furthermore, it is poorly understood how altered poly(A) site usage of individual genes contributes to malignancy or whether targeting global APA patterns might alter oncogenic potential. In this study, we examined global APA dysregulation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by performing 3' region extraction and deep sequencing (3'READS) on a subset of AML patient samples along with healthy hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and by analyzing publicly available data from a broad AML patient cohort. We show that patient cells exhibit global 3' untranslated region (UTR) shortening and coding sequence lengthening due to differences in poly(A) site (PAS) usage. Among APA regulators, expression of FIP1L1, one of the core cleavage and polyadenylation factors, correlated with the degree of APA dysregulation in our 3'READS data set. Targeting global APA by FIP1L1 knockdown reversed the global trends seen in patients. Importantly, FIP1L1 knockdown induced differentiation of t(8;21) cells by promoting 3'UTR lengthening and downregulation of the fusion oncoprotein AML1-ETO. In non-t(8;21) cells, FIP1L1 knockdown also promoted differentiation by attenuating mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling and reducing MYC protein levels. Our study provides mechanistic insights into the role of APA in AML pathogenesis and indicates that targeting global APA patterns can overcome the differentiation block in patients with AML.
Nonclassical manifestations of acute GVHD
Authors: Zeiser Robert , Teshima Takanori 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a major life-threatening complication after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). The classical target organs of acute GVHD include the intestines, liver, and skin. The damage of these organs is relatively easy to detect for the clinician as diarrhea, increased bilirubin, and rash. However, there is increasing evidence that other organs, where the acute damage is less apparent or more difficult to distinguish from drug toxicity, such as the central nervous system, lungs, ovaries and testis, thymus, bone marrow, and kidney, can be target organs of acute GVHD. Here, we review current evidence for nonclassical manifestations of acute GVHD in rodent models and in patients and discuss them in the context of novel emerging therapies for GVHD. A better understanding of the involvement of nonclassical GVHD target organs may help to improve patient outcomes after allo-HCT.