bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allocation of flights to land at the terminals of an airport
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Sharma Shambhu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, an algorithm for solving flight landing problem has been developed to reduce the chaos at the airport. This algorithm starts with an initial basic feasible solution and then the algorithm works on the principle of steepest descent direction search method from current solution. The algorithm is easy to comprehend. The performance of this algorithm has been checked using a numerical example with known results. The flight landing problem is an application of Quadratic Assignment Problem. Since Quadratic Assignment Problem is NP- hard, it is quite tedious to get an optimal solution even for small size instances. However, as far as optimality of the solution is concerned, this algorithm leads to very favourable results.
Students’ perceptions of an e-commerce app
Authors: Singh Upasana G , Bharath Caitlyn 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Varsity Vibe is South Africa’s first student discount application. It is available to students from the age of 18 to 25. To use Varsity Vibe, a student needs to be registered subscriber by paying the subscription fee unless you have a student achiever account with Standard Bank then subscription is free. Varsity Vibe consists of coupons from various stores across South Africa, these coupons can be redeemed by students when making an online purchase from the stores that are located on the Varsity Vibe authorised master file. The study aims to determine the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN) Westville Campus students perceived use of using this e-commerce based application, Varsity Vibe. The research analysed the factors related to why students use Varsity Vibe, what they use Varsity Vibe to purchase, and the impact it has on their spending. A sample of 120 respondents from the UKZN Westville campus was used to obtain data. Data was obtained by distributing questionnaires on campus. The results obtained from the questionnaires were analysed and the following was concluded. Respondents were aware of the Varsity Vibe app, through on campus marketing. Only 45% of the users who had downloaded the app, were actually registered users. Of the 45% of registered users, only 60% were active monthly users of the app. Redemption of vouchers was low, as the deals within the province in which they were based was limited. Usage of the app, compared to the website, was more frequent. The app was perceived to be ‘easy to use’ and ‘useful’ by even the Non-IT users. Majority of the participants felt that the app would become more popular in time especially if the voucher base could be expanded to include more local based offers and the store base could be more comprehensive. Respondents expressed concern over security issues, in particular, storage of personal information and bank details, especially in the case of where your phone is stolen or misplaced.
Prospects for Handling 5G Network Security: Challenges, Recommendations and Future Directions
Authors: Lal Niranjan , Tiwari Shobhit Mani , Khare Devbrat , Saxena Megha 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The cellular network is the today’s requirement, and telecommunication industries are in creatin new infrastructures and technologies to give more benefits to the end users. New generation like 5G are have various benefits as compared to old generations (1G to 4G). 5G system flexible, provides lower latency, interoperable, and 10 time faster than 4G that helps all stakeholder of 5G. As the 5G network is growing and many challenges will be arising with the development in the technologies. This paper includes background of 5G network and security challenges, recommendations and some future direction that an be considered by the organization before developing and integrating 5G. We finally give some directions to overcome these issues.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies of the CL-20/DNB Co-crystal Based PBX with HTPB
Authors: Xiao Yun Qin , Sun Ting , Li Shen Shen , Xiao Ji Jun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted for a CL-20/DNB (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12-hexanitro-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12-hexaazaisowurtzitane/1, 3-dinitrobenzene) co-crystal based PBX (Polymer-bonded explosive) with HTPB (hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene). The binding energies, pair correlation functions and mechanical properties of the PBX were reported. From the calculated binding energy (E
bind), it was found that the order of the binding energies between the crystalline surfaces (1 0 0), (0 1 0) and (0 0 1) and HTPB is (1 0 0) > (0 0 1) > (0 1 0). And it was also shown that the interactions between the crystalline surfaces and HTPB originate mainly from vdW energies. The pair correlation function revealed that H···O hydrogen bonds exist on the interfaces between the crystalline surfaces and HTPB. From the calculated mechanical data, the co-crystal/HTPB was inferred that the PBX has a higher buffer for external stimuli and reduces the formation probability of hot spots.
Numerical simulation of jet formation underwater by focusing annular liner
Authors: Hu Z C , Wang Z J , Yi J Y , Cui H L , Jia Z J 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Basing on the application background of anti-submarine torpedo using shaped charge technology, a new structure of shaped charge liner named focusing annular liner was designed. The Autodyn-2D software was used to simulate the jet formation of this liner underwater. The result shows that: Through two times of convergence, the focusing annular liner can form one jet, this jet is thicker than normal jet. And during Secondary convergence, jet velocity and collision pressure are greatly increased.
Architecture and Algorithm of Formation control of Multi-unmanned vehicles Based on Swarm intelligence
Authors: Tian Z Y , Su B , Song W L , Fu R , Lu P Y , Li J Y , Bai C Q , Xiang S , Gao T Y 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The main contents of this dissertation are the application of swarm intelligence to multi-unmanned vehicle system and the realization of cooperative control of multi-unmanned vehicle system. Firstly, this thesis introduces the research background and significance of multi-unmanned vehicle system and swarm intelligence. Secondly, we introduce the research contents of cooperative control of multi-unmanned vehicle system. Then the research status of cooperative control of multi-unmanned vehicle system in the domestic and overseas are introduced. Finally, this dissertation summarizes the mainstream types of architecture and algorithm of the multi-unmanned vehicle system.
The Research on the Test Technology of Ammunition-feed System Based on the Integration of Shooting Simulation and Driving Simulation
Authors: Wang Dong Ji , Guo Jianghua 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Ammunition-feed system is a key system in special vehicles equipped with shooting weapons (such as main battle tank, self-propelled artillery, etc.). The working reliability of ammunition-feed system is very important for the operation of special vehicles. However, in terms of the use of ammunition-feed system of special vehicles in active service in various countries around the world, its reliability is often not satisfactory, which is the main reason that ammunition-feed system has not been adopted in American main battle tanks up to now. Firstly, the paper points out that one of the main causes of the poor reliability of ammunition-feed system lies in the problems existing in the traditional test methods, these problems are analyzed concretely, and puts forward the solution. —The test technology is adopted based on the integration of shooting simulation and driving simulation. Then, the paper states based on the basic concept of the test of technology of shooting simulation and driving simulation and type of simulation test device, working principle, basic function and technical characteristics, and This paper puts forward the concrete implementation of the integrated test technology of shooting simulation and driving simulation in the performance test of ammunition-feed system in special vehicles, and analysis of effects is applied. Finally, the conclusion is drawn that the application of the simulation test technology will improve the overall performance of the ammunition-feed system significantly.
Modelling plastic deformation of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composites under blast loading
Authors: Wei Zh , Huang G Y , Xu M M , Feng Sh Sh 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber reinforced composites are widely used in military applications to resist threats like projectiles, debris, and blast waves due to their high specific modulus, high strength and low density. In this investigation, numerical simulations were carried out to model the dynamic response of the UHMWPE crossply plates under blast loading. An elastoplastic model including strain-rate dependent hardening was implemented in user subroutine VUMAT and was used to describe the anisotropic characteristics of the UHMWPE composites. The coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) analysis in ABAQUS was applied to model the blast waves caused by the detonation of an explosive and their interaction with the UHMWPE plate. The numerical model was validated by the corresponding experimental results in the literature. The numerical results demonstrate that the strain rate effects made the deflection of the plate smaller and smoother, indicating that it is necessary to use a strain-rate dependent hardening.
The development status and trends of ground unmanned combat platforms
Authors: Wang H B , Li Y , Ren K , Yang L J , Han Zh H 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Faced with the increasingly complex international situation and brutal military wars, the lives and safety of combat soldiers are greatly threatened. At this time, the unmanned combat platform is becoming increasingly important and has gradually become an important attack and defense force on the information battlefield. This article introduces the characteristics of the unmanned combat platform and its status quo of development at home and abroad, and combines the needs of future military wars to analyze the influence of ground unmanned combat platforms on combat capabilities and war patterns.
Bridge structural damage identification based on parallel CNN-GRU
Authors: Zou J Z , Yang J X , Wang G P , Tang Y L , Yu C S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Structural damage identification has been the focus of engineering fields, while the existing damage identification methods heavily depend on extracted “hand-crafted” features. Recently, due to the powerful feature learning capability of deep learning, it has been widely used in structural damage identification. However, those methods only consider the local dependence or temporal relation of data. Thus, in this paper, a structural damage identification method by combining the convolutional neural network (CNN) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) is proposed. The CNN model is used to extract the local dependence of data, and the GRU model is used to extract the temporal feature of data. These two extracted feature matrices are spliced horizontally to a fused eigenvector. The eigenvector is input to the final softmax classifier layer to identify the structural damage state. Experiments on a scale model of the three-span continuous rigid frame bridge shown that the CNN-GRU model performs significantly better than CNN, LSTM, and GRU models for structural damage identification.
Ocean Chlorophyll-a retrieval using GF1-WFV data-a case study of the central Bohai Sea
Authors: Zhai Z K , Lu S L , Wang P , Wang C , Tang H L , Liu D Y , Han Q Y , Guo J , Liu X H , Wei T L 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration is an important indicator of phytoplankton bloom and water eutrophication. It is also a basic parameter of water quality. Remote sensing technology has been widely used for water quality monitoring in the past. In this study, the Chinese GF1 (Gaofen-1) WFV (Wide Field of View) images acquired on May 19th, 2016 were used to retrieve Chl-a concentration of central Bohai sea in order to assess the recovery condition of marine ecosystem which has been seriously polluted by the Penglai 19-3 platform oil spill accident in 2011. The remote sensing model of Chl-a concentration was developed using the linear regression method. The leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) method showed that the average relative error and root mean square error (RMSE) between retrieved Chl-a concentration and in situ measurement was 11.67% and 0.1808, respectively. It indicated that the remote sensing model could correctly reflect the Chl-a concentration and its spatial distribution of the study area. The average Chl-a concentration in the buffer regions with the distance of 2km, 4km, 6km to the Penglai 19-3 platform was 0.32μg/L, 0.37μg/L and 0.40μg/L, respectively. They were in normal range and lower than that of the coastal waters. The spatial distribution of the result was similar to previous studies of Bohai sea in spring. These results indicated that Chl-a concentration of central Bohai sea was returned to normal after oil spill accident occurred for 5 years. The growth of phytoplankton in surface seawater has been returned to normal. The major causes for Chl-a concentration in the Bohai Sea was the land-sourced pollutant during the study period.
Integrated remote sensing and GIS approaches for land degradation neutrality (LDN) assessment in the agricultural area
Authors: Moonrut N , Takrattanasaran N , Khamkajorn T , Chaikaew P 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Healthy soils sustain humans. Yet these essential land resources are often overlooked and threatened by human activities. Such changes lead to an unbalanced state of soil functions. The land degradation neutrality (LDN) concept has been developed to serve the sustainable development goals (SDGs), in particular goal No.15. Our goal was to move an idea from LDN concept to reality. We assessed the LDN status of the agricultural area in Saraburi Province, Thailand by using three indicators: (i) land use/land cover (LULC) change, (ii) land productivity (LP) change, and (iii) soil organic carbon (SOC) change. The indicator datasets recorded in 2017 and 2020 were used to investigate the land resource changes. LULC and NDVI metrics were obtained using Landsat 8 satellite images and areas were classified into agricultural and non-agricultural uses. For the SOC stocks, 78 agricultural soil samples were collected from the top 30cm by the Land Development Regional Office 1 (Pathum Thani) in 2017 and by the research team in 2020. The standard procedure used for the SOC laboratory analysis was the Walkley-Black method. The LDN status was estimated by integration of results of the three indicators based on a “one out, all out” system. Over three years, the study metrics indicated that net loss occurred in LULC covering the area of 46.99 km2 and SOC stocks declined at an average of 0.02%. However, the NDVI obtained from the estimate did not show a difference in the three-year period. This research highlighted alarming signs of soil degradation in the agricultural economics zone. Negative changes occurred in two of the three indicators which showed a tendency towards the degradation of soil capital in the long run. Counterbalancing measures to achieve equivalent losses and gains should be implemented as quickly as possible.
Establishment of Hydraulic Turbine Test Bench on the Tibet Plateau
Authors: Li H M , He Q L , Xiao Y X , Luo H Y , Zhang H , Xu X Q , Wang Z W 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
There are abundant water resources in Tibet plateau area. With the increasing demand for electric power, it is necessary to build hydropower stations and test bench in Tibet Plateau area. The low air pressure has an influence on the flow in the hydraulic turbine. Therefore, a hydraulic turbine test bench is designed and built in the Tibet Plateau for low pressure hydraulic turbine experiment. The laboratory building is a three-storey structure with one distribution room and two control rooms. The civil structure is designed according to the layout of two test bench. The built underground storage tank has an area of 300 m2, a 15-meter high water tower and a capacity of 50 m3, which can meet the requirements of simultaneous operation of the two test bench The maximum head of the main pump is 30 meters, the rated power of the main motor is 160 kW, and the rated power of the dynamometer is 110 kW, which can be operated in both positive and negative directions. Meanwhile, a set of measurement and control system software is designed to acquire experimental data. The test bench will meet the needs of experimental teaching and scientific research of hydraulic turbines in Plateau area, and meet the performance comparison and acceptance test of medium and small hydro-machinery.
The effect of PCM with different thermos-physical parameters on indoor temperature of Xi’an Solar Greenhouse
Authors: Du Xiaoyun , Li Pan , Zhao Caiyun , Sang Guochen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the enthalpy method is used to simulate the influence of phase change materials (PCM) with different thermos-physical parameters on the indoor thermal temperature of solar greenhouses in Xi’an, China. The simulation results show that the temperature adjustment effect of PCM on solar greenhouses is significantly greater than common heat storage materials such as rammed soil, gravel and water. The lowest indoor temperature in the solar greenhouse increases first and then decreases with the increase of the phase transition temperature. The influence of PCM with different latent heat values on the average indoor temperature of the solar greenhouse increases first and then stabilizes. Increasing the thermal conductivity of PCM can reduce the temperature range of the solar greenhouse, but the increase in thermal conductivity has little effect on the indoor temperature when the thermal conductivity is greater than 0.4 W/(m⋅°C). For the Xi'an area, the best thermos-physical parameters of PCM used in solar greenhouses are: phase change temperature of 11 °C, latent heat value of 140kJ/kg, thermal conductivity greater than 0.4 W/(m⋅°C). This article provides a reference for the practical application of PCM in solar greenhouses.
System and method of drip test device for testing waterproof performance of large equipment
Authors: Zhou Yuan , Cong Lin , Peng Lei , Zhou Yongtao , Zhang Yin , Yun Xuefeng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
At present, the drip test device used in drip test is limited by the difficulty and cost of structural layout, so it is difficult to actively rotate the electrical equipment with large volume and weight, and can not meet the test requirements of various products. In view of the defects of the existing technology, this paper provides a water-proof performance drip test device, system and method. Through the active rotation of the drip pan, the rotation relative to the large-scale test equipment is generated, so as to meet the needs of the equipment waterproof performance test; and the corresponding equipment support is configured to make the equipment form the required angle state during the dripping test, which is convenient for large size Water proof test operation of electrical equipment. At the same time, it makes the test process easy for the staff to operate, has strong economic value and social significance, and can be widely used in testing units.
Study on Restoration Design of River Water Ecosystem in the New Period
Authors: Li Hong , Zhao Qianqian 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
All Focusing on the thinking of water management in the new period, the STS model of river ecosystem restoration design is established, and the spiral development model of water ecosystem restoration is proposed. The role of science, technology and society in the restoration process and the relationship among them are systematically elaborated. The key procedures of each element operation are summarized under the framework of the model.It provides a reference for river ecosystem restoration in the new period.
Analysis of China’s domestic water prediction
Authors: Wei Jiangqiao , Guo Xiaoqian , Yan Qiang , Wang Anjian , Bian Hao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization rate, the domestic water consumption in China shows a rapid increasing trend. This paper summarizes the relationship between per capita domestic water consumption, urbanization rate and per capita GDP by studying the domestic water consumption laws of typical countries in the world. The domestic water structure of the United States, France, Germany and Japan were chosen as study case. And we find the similarity of domestic water structure between Japan and China, which means Japan can be used as a sample for analogy prediction. Then, the overall prediction and analogy prediction are used to forecast the domestic water demand in China. The results show that the results of these two methods are consistent. The prediction results can help decision-making departments to make reasonable policies in water resources planning.
Analysis of Oil Displacement Efficiency of Subsequent Water Flooding Reservoir by Polymer Flooding
Authors: Sun Jing 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
After many years of development of basic well pattern and polymer flooding, the block reservoir has high comprehensive water cut, high water flooded degree and high proportion of water absorbing thickness of high permeability reservoir. In this paper, the water flooding characteristics of each sedimentary unit in the subsequent water flooding reservoir of polymer flooding, the existence and quality of oil in pores, the oil displacement efficiency and the factors affecting the oil displacement efficiency are analyzed based on the data of water flooded layer of updated wells and the coring data of new wells in recent years.
Numerical simulation and field test of dust control effect of exhaust ventilation in fully mechanized face
Authors: Ma Wei , Mo Jinming 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In view of the ventilation status of xiaobaodang coal mine fully mechanized driving face, this paper puts forward the idea of using full extraction ventilation to solve the problem of pollution air leakage in long pressure short suction ventilation, which provides a new idea for dust control of fully mechanized excavation in xiaobaodang coal mine. Solid geometry model of fully mechanized driving face is established by SolidWorks. The influence of different distance between suction outlet and head-on and different air volume on dust migration distribution and dust control effect is analyzed by fluent. The results show that the best dust control effect is obtained when the air volume is set at 300m3 / min and the distance between the suction outlet and the head-on is 5m. The dust concentration is lower than 10mg / m3 in the air duct side, 8m in the central section of the air duct and 16m in the height of the respiratory zone on the pedestrian side. The dust control effect is better at the side far away from the air duct. The measured results are consistent with the numerical simulation results. In addition, the optimized dust control method was verified on site, and the dust reduction efficiency at the driver's place and personnel walking position reached 62.8% and 82.8% respectively.