bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneous validity of daily data on symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis recorded by patients using the e‐diary AllergyMonitor®
Authors: Dramburg Stephanie , Perna Serena , Di Fraia Marco , Tripodi Salvatore , Arasi Stefania , Castelli Sveva , Villalta Danilo , Buzzulini Francesca , Sfika Ifigenia , Villella Valeria , Potapova Ekaterina , Brighetti Maria Antonia , Travaglini Alessandro , Verardo Pier Luigi , Pelosi Simone , Matricardi Paolo Maria 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatient‐generated symptom and medication scores are essential for diagnostic and therapeutic decisions in seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR). Previous studies have shown solid consistencies between different scores at population level in real‐life data and trials. For clinicians, the evaluation of individual data quality over time is essential to decide whether to rely on these data in clinical decision‐making.ObjectiveTo analyze the consistency of different symptom (SS) and symptom medication scores (SMSs) at individual level in two study cohorts with different characteristics and explore individual patient trajectories over time.MethodsWithin the pilot phase of the @IT.2020 project on diagnostic synergy of mobile health and molecular IgE assessment in patients with SAR, we analyzed data of 101 children and 93 adults with SAR and instructed them to record their symptoms and medication intake daily via the mobile app AllergyMonitor®. We then assessed the correlation between different SMS and a visual analogue scale (VAS) on the impact of allergy symptoms on daily life at population and individual level.ResultsAt population level, the Rhinoconjunctivitis total symptom score (RTSS) correlated better with VAS than the combined symptom and medication score (CSMS). At individual level, consistency among RTSS and VAS was highly heterogeneous and unrelated to disease severity or adherence to recording. Similar heterogeneity was observed for CSMS and VAS.ConclusionsThe correlation of clinical information provided by different disease severity scores based on data collected via electronic diaries (e‐diaries), is sufficient at population level, but broadly heterogeneous for individual patients. Consistency of the recorded data must be examined for each patient before remotely collected information is used for clinical decision making.
Selective Galectin‐8N Ligands: The Design and Synthesis of Phthalazinone‐d‐Galactals
Authors: van Klaveren Sjors , Sundin Anders P. , Jakopin Žiga , Anderluh Marko , Leffler Hakon , Nilsson Ulf J. , Tomašič Tihomir 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLigand selectivity among the highly conserved galectins has been an ever‐challenging objective. For galectin‐8, a protein prevalent in both pathology and tissue distribution, we report phthalazinone‐galactals that show excellent selectivity for the galectin‐8N‐terminal domain. A dissection of structure–activity relationships of the phthalazinone and an extensive molecular dynamics meta‐analysis accompany the discovery of the selective galectin‐8N ligands presented here. These selective compounds will facilitate the study of galectin‐8 biology and may have pharmaceutical relevance in the wide range of galectin‐8 associated pathologies.
Theoretical model of the influence of irreversibly electroporated cells on post pulse drug delivery to reversibly electroporated cells
Authors: Becker Sid M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study numerically investigates the drug uptake by a population that includes both reversibly and irreversibly electroporated cells. A theoretical continuum model is developed and simulations are conducted in conditions representing low porosity (cells in tissues) and high porosity (cells in suspension). This model considers only passive diffusion following the electroporation pulse and estimates the permeability increases of reversibly electroporated cells using empirically based predictions that relate the long‐lived electropore density to the electric field magnitude. A parametric study investigates whether the permeability and resealing rate of irreversibly electroporated cells influence the delivery to the surviving reversibly electroporated cells. The results show that this influence is negligible when the cell number density is low (cells in dilute suspensions). For conditions of cells in tissue when both the fraction of the total cells that are irreversibly electroporated and the permeability of the irreversibly electroporated cells are high enough, the irreversibly electroporated cells rapidly take up the drug and deplete the extracellular space of the available drug. This lowered extracellular concentration can result in less drug delivery to reversibly electroporated cells.
Nickel Phthalocyanines as Potential Aggregation‐Induced Antibacterial Agents: Fenton‐Like Pathways Driven by Near‐Infrared Light
Authors: Zhao Yue , An Fuhao , Meng Jiao , Zhu Yuxin , Sun Xun , Zhang Xiaomei , Sun Xuan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe present report uncovers the Fenton‐like and solar‐Fenton activity of nickel‐coordinated phthalocyanines and their potential as antibacterial agents. In particular, two NiPcs, one achiral and the other chiral, with both having similar molecular structures, are designed. Both compounds aggregate to form crystals with large diversity in molecular stacking. The crystal grown from the achiral NiPc demonstrates superior Fenton‐like activity especially under NIR‐light illumination, and also exhibits efficient antibacterial activity in vitro toward both E. coli and S. aureus. On the contrary, the crystal formed from stacked chiral molecules demonstrates weak Fenton‐like reactivity and is inefficient for bacterial disinfection. By examining the differences between the two crystals, we have disclosed the mechanism of the Fenton‐like reactivity of the NiPcs associated with molecular aggregation. Moreover, the chiral NiPc and its crystal provide a good platform to inspect the correlation between the functions, for instance the antibacterial activity between the chiral selections. This work indicates that controlling small differences in molecular structure can provide an effective way to achieve specific functions, such as Fenton‐like activity, of organic semiconductors.
Maximization of instantaneous transmission rate in unmanned aerial vehicles‐supported self‐organized device‐to‐device network
Authors: Mondal Abhishek , Hossain Ashraf 
Published: December 2021

SummaryUnmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)‐aided aerial base stations have emerged as a promising technique to provide rapid on‐demand wireless coverage for ground communicating devices in a geographical area. However, existing works on UAV‐enabled wireless communication systems overlook optimal deployment of UAVs under quality of service (QoS)‐aware device‐to‐device (D2D) communication. Therefore, this work proposes a UAV‐supported self‐organized device‐to‐device (USSD2D) network that employs multiple UAVs as relays for reliable D2D data transmission. The aim is to maximize the total instantaneous transmission rate of the USSD2D network by jointly optimizing devices' association with UAV, UAVs' channel selection, and their deployed location under signal‐to‐interference‐noise ratio (SINR) threshold. As this joint optimization problem is nonconvex and combinatorial, the formulated problem is transformed into a Markov decision process (MDP) that effectively splits up it into three individual optimization subproblems: devices association, UAVs' channel selection indicator, and UAVs' location at each instance. Finally, a reinforcement learning (RL) based on a low‐complexity iterative state–action–reward–state–action (SARSA) algorithm is developed to update UAVs' policy to solve this formulated problem. UAVs adopt the system parameters according to the current state and corresponding action to maximize the generated long‐term discounted reward under the current policy without prior knowledge about the environment. Numerical results validate the proposed approaches and provide various insights on optimal UAV deployment. This investigation demonstrates that the total instantaneous transmission rate of the USSD2D network can be improved by 75.25%, 51.31%, and 13.96% with respect to RS‐FORD, ES‐FIRD, and AOIV schemes, respectively.
Site‐specific risk assessment enables trade‐off analysis of non‐native tree species in European forests
Authors: Bindewald Anja , Brundu Giuseppe , Schueler Silvio , Starfinger Uwe , Bauhus Jürgen , Lapin Katharina 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNon‐native tree species (NNT) are used in European forestry for many purposes including their growth performance, valuable timber, and resistance to drought and pest or pathogen damage. Yet, cultivating NNT may pose risks to biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and the provisioning of ecosystem services, and several NNT have been classified as invasive in Europe. Typically, such classifications are based on risk assessments, which do not adequately consider site‐specific variations in impacts of the NNT or the extent of affected areas. Here, we present a new methodological framework that facilitates both mitigating risks associated with NNT and taking advantage of their ecosystem services. The framework is based on a stratified assessment of risks posed by NNT which distinguishes between different sites and considers effectiveness of available management strategies to control negative effects. The method can be applied to NNT that already occur in a given area or those NNT that may establish in future. The framework consists of eight steps and is partly based on existing knowledge. If adequate site‐specific knowledge on NNT does not yet exist, new evidence on the risks should be obtained, for example, by collecting and analyzing monitoring data or modeling the potential distribution of NNT. However, limitations remain in the application of this method, and we propose several policy and management recommendations which are required to improve the responsible use of NNT.
Mapping canopy nitrogen‐scapes to assess foraging habitat for a vulnerable arboreal folivore in mixed‐speciesEucalyptusforests
Authors: Wagner Benjamin , Baker Patrick J. , Moore Ben D. , Nitschke Craig R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHerbivore foraging decisions are closely related to plant nutritional quality. For arboreal folivores with specialized diets, such as the vulnerable greater glider (Petauroides volans), the abundance of suitable forage trees can influence habitat suitability and species occurrence. The ability to model and map foliar nitrogen would therefore enhance our understanding of folivore habitat use at finer scales. We tested whether high‐resolution multispectral imagery, collected by a lightweight and low‐cost commercial unoccupied aerial vehicle (UAV), could be used to predict total and digestible foliar nitrogen (N and digN) at the tree canopy level and forest stand‐scale from leaf‐scale chemistry measurements across a gradient of mixed‐speciesEucalyptusforests in southeastern Australia. We surveyed temperateEucalyptusforests across an elevational and topographic gradient from sea level to high elevation (50–1200 m a.s.l.) for forest structure, leaf chemistry, and greater glider occurrence. Using measures of multispectral leaf reflectance and spectral indices, we estimated N and digN and mapped N and favorable feeding habitat using machine learning algorithms. Our surveys covered 17Eucalyptusspecies ranging in foliar N from 0.63% to 1.92% dry matter (DM) and digN from 0.45% to 1.73% DM. Both multispectral leaf reflectance and spectral indices were strong predictors for N and digN in model cross‐validation. At the tree level, 79% of variability between observed and predicted measures of nitrogen was explained. A spatial supervised classification model correctly identified 80% of canopy pixels associated with high N concentrations (≥1% DM). We developed a successful method for estimating foliar nitrogen of a range of temperateEucalyptusspecies using UAV multispectral imagery at the tree canopy level and stand scale. The ability to spatially quantify feeding habitat using UAV imagery allows remote assessments of greater glider habitat at a scale relevant to support ground surveys, management, and conservation for the vulnerable greater glider across southeastern Australia.
Analyzing ecosystem services as part of ecological networks in three salt marsh ecosystems
Authors: Dee Laura E. , Keyes Aislyn A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBiodiversity plays important roles in nature's contributions to people (i.e., ecosystem services), but the critical details of how biodiversity contributes are challenging to determine. Efforts to identify the components of an ecosystem that provide services have improved our understanding of which species, functional groups, population, or habitats directly provide services. However, species do not exist in isolation and considerably less is known about how species indirectly influence ecosystem services through interacting with those species directly providing services. This uncertainty is even greater when considering that species interact in complex networks. As such, detailed analyses of species interdependencies are rarely included in ecosystem services assessments or conservation decisions. To date, most studies on food webs and on ecosystem services have developed largely in parallel for many services, but these fields and data are ripe for empirical integration. To further this integration, we compiled data sets that linked three existing ecological networks to seven ecosystem functions and services: wave attenuation, shoreline stabilization, carbon sequestration, water filtration, fisheries, birdwatching, and waterfowl hunting. We leveraged high‐resolution ecological interaction network data sets from three coastal salt marsh ecosystems including detailed species information (e.g., consumer strategy, body size, biomass) on several hundred species from Carpinteria Salt Marsh in California, USA, and for Estero de Punta Banda and Bahia Falsa in Baja, Mexico from Hechinger et al. (2011). Through an extensive literature synthesis and use of citizen science data, we identified which species in the Hechinger et al. (2011) data provided each ecosystem services directly. We augmented the Hechinger et al. (2011) data published in Ecology, particularly the link (or edge) list to include species—service links to indicate a species providing a service, in which species are listed as “Resources” and services are listed as “Consumers.” Connecting these data to the previously published ecological networks with species interactions (i.e., trophic, parasitism) formed a topological network with species and service nodes. We also provided a protocol for assigning services to ecological networks that can be used in other ecosystems. This data set provides a step toward advancing the knowledge of important supporting species for ecosystem services and to developing new ecological network methods for ecosystem services. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications.
The effect of H2S on internal dry reforming in biogas fuelled solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Wasajja Henry , Saadabadi S. Ali , Illathukandy Biju , Lindeboom Ralph E. F. , van Lier Jules. B. , Vellayani Aravind Purushothaman 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInternal dry reforming of methane is envisaged as a possibility to reduce on capital and operation costs of biogas fuelled solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) system by using the CO2 present in the biogas. Due to envisaged internal dry reforming, the requirement for biogas upgrading becomes obsolete, thereby simplifying the system complexity and increasing its technology readiness level. However, impurities prevailing in biogas such as H2S have been reported in literature as one of the parameters which affect the internal reforming process in SOFCs. This research has been carried out to investigate the effects of H2S on internal dry reforming of methane on nickel‐scandia‐stabilised zirconia (Ni‐ScSZ) electrolyte supported SOFCs. Results showed that at 800°C and a CH4:CO2 ratio of 2:3, H2S at concentrations as low as 0.125 ppm affects both the catalytic and electric performance of a SOFC. At 0.125 ppm H2S concentration, the CH4 reforming process is affected and it is reduced from over 95% to below 10% in 10 h. Therefore, future biogas SOFC cost reduction seems to become a trade‐off between biogas upgrading for CO2 removal and biogas cleaning of impurities to facilitate efficient internal dry reforming.
Good vibrations: Big data impact bedload research
Authors: Gomez Basil , Soar Philip J. , Downs Peter W. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe fact that bedload transport is an inherently time‐variant and location‐sensitive fluvial process was revealed by systematic sampling, nine decades ago. Subsequent stream‐wide measurements, that frequently incorporated lengthy collection periods, as well as the adoption of standardized sampling procedures, averaged out some temporal and spatial variability. However, continuous, highly resolved, long‐period records of transport activity generated by active and passive bedload monitoring on diverse rivers have recently brought this variability into sharp focus. A defining characteristic of these ‘big data’ is that there are many possible bedload transport rates for each discharge and a wide range of discharges associated with each transport rate. Crucially, this incoherent scatter, which is generated by the various factors that affect bedload transport, can no longer be viewed as ‘noise’ that can be averaged out. We demonstrate that, even for small datasets, different methods of reporting and analysing bedload transport records provide different perspectives on the bedload transport rate–flow relation. The inclusion/exclusion of zero values, present in all data that capture the intermittent nature of bedload transport, also affects the relation. To unlock the potential of big data and facilitate the development of bedload transport–flow relations from field measurements, it is essential to employ modes of analysis that are robust to outliers and do not assume that associations between the independent and dependent variables are the same at all levels.
A prospective study of direct‐acting antiviral effectiveness and relapse risk in HCV cryoglobulinemic vasculitis by the Italian PITER cohort
Authors: Kondili Loreta A. , Monti Monica , Quaranta Maria Giovanna , Gragnani Laura , Panetta Valentina , Brancaccio Giuseppina , Mazzaro Cesare , Persico Marcello , Masarone Mario , Gentile Ivan , Andreone Pietro , Madonia Salvatore , Biliotti Elisa , Filomia Roberto , Puoti Massimo , Fracanzani Anna Ludovica , Laccabue Diletta , Ieluzzi Donatella , Coppola Carmine , Rumi Maria Grazia , Benedetti Antonio , Verucchi Gabriella , Coco Barbara , Chemello Liliana , Iannone Andrea , Ciancio Alessia , Russo Francesco Paolo , Barbaro Francesco , Morisco Filomena , Chessa Luchino , Massari Marco , Blanc Pierluigi , Zignego Anna Linda 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
Mixed cryoglobulinemia is the most common HCV extrahepatic manifestation. We aimed to prospectively evaluate the cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (CV) clinical profile after a sustained virologic response (SVR) over a medium‐term to long‐term period.

Approach and Results
Direct‐acting antiviral–treated cryoglobulinemic patients, consecutively enrolled in the multicentric Italian Platform for the Study of Viral Hepatitis Therapy cohort, were prospectively evaluated. Cumulative incidence Kaplan‐Meier curves were reported for response, clinical deterioration, relapse and relapse‐free survival rates. Cox regression analysis evaluated factors associated with different outcomes. A clinical response was reported in at least one follow‐up point for 373 of 423 (88%) patients with CV who achieved SVR. Clinical response increased over time with a 76% improvement rate at month 12 after the end of treatment. A full complete response (FCR) was reached by 164 (38.8%) patients in at least one follow‐up point. CV clinical response fluctuated, with some deterioration of the initial response in 49.6% of patients (median time of deterioration, 19 months). In patients who achieved FCR and had an available follow‐up (137 patients) a relapse was observed in 13% and it was transient in 66.7% of patients. The rate of patients without any deterioration was 58% and 41% at 12 and 24 months, respectively. After achieving SVR, a clinical nonresponse was associated with older age and renal involvement; a clinical deterioration/relapse was associated with high pretreatment rheumatoid factor values, and FCR was inversely associated with age, neuropathy, and high cryocrit levels.

Conclusion
In patients with CV, HCV eradication may not correspond to a persistent clinical improvement, and clinical response may fluctuate. This implies an attentive approach to post‐SVR evaluation through prognostic factors and tailored treatment.
Adult T‐cell leukemia‐lymphoma acquires resistance to DNA demethylating agents through dysregulation of enzymes involved in pyrimidine metabolism
Authors: Yoshida‐Sakai Nao , Watanabe Tatsuro , Yamamoto Yuta , Ureshino Hiroshi , Kamachi Kazuharu , Kurahashi Yuki , Fukuda‐Kurahashi Yuki , Kimura Shinya 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAdult T‐cell leukemia‐lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive neoplasm derived from T‐cells transformed by human T‐cell lymphotropic virus‐1 (HTLV‐1). Recently, we reported that regional DNA hypermethylation in HTLV‐1‐infected T‐cells reflects the disease status of ATL and the anti‐ATL effects of DNA demethylating agents, including azacitidine (AZA), decitabine (DAC) and a new DAC prodrug, OR‐2100 (OR21), which we developed. Here, to better understand the mechanisms underlying drug resistance, we generated AZA‐, DAC‐ and OR21‐resistant (AZA‐R, DAC‐R and OR21‐R, respectively) cells from the ATL cell line TL‐Om1 and the HTLV‐1‐infected cell line MT‐2 via long‐term drug exposure. The efficacy of OR21 was almost the same as that of DAC, indicating that the pharmacodynamics of OR21 were due to release of DAC from OR21. Resistant cells did not show cellular responses observed in parental cells induced by treatment with drugs, including growth suppression, depletion of DNA methyltransferase DNMT1 and DNA hypomethylation. We also found that reduced expression of deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) correlated with lower susceptibility to DAC/OR21 and that reduced expression of uridine cytidine kinase2 (UCK2) correlated with reduced susceptibility to AZA. DCK and UCK2 catalyze phosphorylation of DAC and AZA, respectively; reconstitution of expression reversed the resistant phenotypes. A large homozygous deletion in DCK and a homozygous splice donor site mutation in UCK2 were identified in DAC‐R TL‐Om1 and AZA‐R TL‐Om1, respectively. Both genomic mutations might lead to loss of protein expression. Thus, inactivation of UCK2 and DCK might be a putative cause of phenotypes that are resistant to AZA and DAC/OR21, respectively.