bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Lactate/Albumin Ratio As A Prognostic Factor For Short Time Mortality In Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients
Authors: GOK Abdullah , KASAPOGLU Umut S , DELEN Leman ACUN , OZMEN Ferda , BANAZILI Susen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Introduction: The prognostic role of the initial lactate/albumin ratio (LAR) in the critically ill COVID-19 patients remains unknown. We aim to evaluate the prognostic value of the initial LAR in predicting 30-days mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients and compare with the initial level of serum lactate and albumin for the prediction of mortality.Materials and methods: We performed a single-center retrospective and observational clinical study between April 2020 and December 2020. Patients’ clinical and laboratory variables that evaluated in this study were collected within the first 24 hours following the ICU admission.Results: A total of 282 critically ill COVID-19 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 66.34±12.08 years and 179 (63.5%) of patients were male. Patients who died within 30 days had higher lactate levels (p<0.001), lower levels of serum albumin (p<0.001), and higher levels of LAR (p<0.001). ROC analysis showed that LAR (AUC=0.824) was superior to the serum albumin (AUC=0.644) and lactate levels (AUC=0.795) for the prediction of mortality. Overall ICU mortality rates (75.6% vs 13.1%, p<0.001) were significantly higher in patients with LAR >0.60. LAR >0.60 is a significant and independent prognostic factor for the 30-day mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients.Conclusion: LAR has a better prognostic performance for predicting 30-day mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients compared with lactate and albumin
Prevenção à Violência Infantil Utilizando o Programa ACT - RAISING SAFE KIDS
Authors: De Araujo Braz dos Santos Gabriela , De Azevedo Peixoto Ana Cláudia , Ribeiro Lins Andrade Alice 
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo busca demonstrar ações de prevenção à violência infantil e sua importância na proteção integral desta população. Este trabalho tem como objetivo a realização de uma Revisão Integrativa da literatura sobre o escopo dos programas de psicoeducação para cuidadores na prevenção à violência infantil e a utilização do Programa Raising Safe Kids (ACT-RSK). Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico nas bases de dados Scielo, BVS, Pepsic e PubMed. Foram encontrados 622 artigos nas plataformas analisadas e, seguindo a leitura dos resumos, foram excluídos os que não se referiam a temática. Somente 9 artigos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão ou exclusão. A literatura aponta que as ações de prevenção à violência infantil, bem como seu combate estão ao entorno de ações coletivas, exigindo esforço de todas as esferas que compõem o ambiente da criança. As ações preventivas que envolvam diferentes contextos são essenciais para a redução dos riscos de violência, incluindo as estratégias de proteção e promoção da qualidade de vida que integram os princípios fundamentais de atenção e de direitos desta população.
O Impacto da Pandemia causada pelo Novo Coronavírus nas Relações de Trabalho
Authors: Barroso Leonina , Silva Bastos Ana Lívia , Capute Yolanda 
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo busca colher e elencar informações acerca das modificações ocorridas na seara trabalhista em decorrência da pandemia causada pelo Novo Coronavírus, através de leitura de legislação e posicionamentos de juristas em artigos publicados em página na internet, levando em consideração a atualidade do tema.
Em virtude da pandemia, foi necessário elaborar leis que pudessem atender o atual cenário, isto é, criando legislação que estabelecesse o isolamento social e a quarentena e, consequentemente, suprimindo um direito constitucionalmente previsto em prol da coletividade.
A MP 927/20, cuja vigência já encerrou estabeleceu medidas trabalhistas a serem tomadas com o intuito de dirimir o impacto dessa pandemia nas relações de trabalho, como o teletrabalho, a antecipação de férias, concessão de férias coletivas, dentre outras.
Além dessa, foi publicada a MP 936/20 que foi transformada na lei nº 14.020, a qual dispõe sobre medidas complementares para enfrentar a pandemia, bem como a concessão do benefício emergencial. Importante ressaltar que o referido benefício é concedido aos trabalhadores que tiveram a sua jornada reduzida ou o contrato de trabalho suspenso, enquanto o auxílio emergencial é concedido às pessoas que estão desempregadas ou que são autônomas, aos trabalhadores informais e aos microempresários individuais.
É imperioso frisar que as empresas precisam cumprir as determinações governamentais e em caso de descumprimento serão passíveis de responsabilização civil e administrava. Nesse caso, a responsabilidade aplicada é a subjetiva, isto é, independe de comprovação de culpa se estiverem presentes o nexo causal e a conduta danosa.
A COVID-19 poderá ser considerada como doença ocupacional se ficar comprovado que ela foi contraída no ambiente de trabalho. Se o trabalhador necessitar ficar afastado por mais de 15 dias para se tratar, a sua remuneração ficará a cargo do INSS.
No tocante ao encerramento das atividades de determinada empresa, pode-se afirmar que a sua extinção pode se dar por caso de força maior ou por factum principis que ocorre quando a empresa fecha por determinação governamental e as despesas ficam a cargo da administração pública.
Logo, apesar de estarmos diante de uma situação completamente atípica e apesar de ser necessário criar legislação para se adequar as modificações ocorridas na sociedade, é imprescindível que essas mudanças sejam feitas observando sempre a dignidade da pessoa humana e os direitos e garantias fundamentais previstos na nossa Carta Magna.
Isto posto, após análise de legislação acerca do tema, conclui-se que a solução viável para minimizar o impacto da pandemia na sociedade brasileira é aplicar às relações trabalhistas o princípio da proporcionalidade e razoabilidade para que nenhuma das partes sejam oneradas ou favorecidas. Por isso, o governo poderia utilizar o FAT – Fundo de Amparo ao Trabalhador e o PPE – Programa de Proteção ao Empregado com o intuito de aliar os interesses do empregado e empregador.
Plant-Derived Natural Compounds for the Treatment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Update
Authors: Mohi-ud-din Roohi , Mir Reyaz Hassan , Shah Abdul Jalil , Sabreen Saba , Wani Taha Umair , Masoodi Mubashir Hussain , Akkol Esra Küpeli , Bhat Zulfiqar Ali , Khan Haroon 
Published: April 2021

Background:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a motor neuron disease (MND) that typically causes death within 3-5 years after diagnosis. Regardless of the substantial scientific knowledge accrued from more than a century ago, truly effective therapeutic strategies remain distant. Various conventional drugs are being used but are having several adverse effects.Objective/Aim:The current study aims to thoroughly review plant-derived compounds with well-defined ALS activities and their structure-activity relationships. Moreover, the review also focuses on complex genetics, clinical trials, and the use of natural products that might decrypt the future and novel therapeutics in ALS.Methods:The collection of data for the compilation of this review work was searched in PubMed Scopus, Google Scholar, and Science Direct.Results:Results showed that phytochemicals like-Ginkgolides, Protopanaxatriol, Genistein, epigallocatechingallate, resveratrol, cassoside, and others possess Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) activity by various mechanisms.Conclusion:These plant-derived compounds may be considered as supplements to conventional (ALS). Moreover, further preclinical and clinical studies are required to understand the structure-activity relationships, metabolism, absorption, and mechanisms of plant-derived natural agents.
Advance Synthetic Approaches to 1,2,3-triazole Derived Compounds: State of the Art 2004-2020
Authors: Sahu Adarsh 
Published: April 2021

Background:
1,2,3-triazole is considered a widely explored scaffold by medicinal
chemists because of its therapeutic importance. The structural characteristics of 1,2,3-triazoles allow
it to mimic certain functional groups demonstrating its utility to prepare new medicinal compounds
using the concept of bioisosterism and molecular hybridization. Centered on Huisgens cycloaddition
reaction, over the past decade and a half, developed click chemistry approaches to furnish
triazole derivatives with various applications ranging from drugs to bioconjugation linkers.

Objective:
In the present review, we aim to highlight the different approaches developed for the
synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole derivatives and in particular, advances in synthetic methods for the last
16 years. This review is also intended to help researchers for finding potential future directions and
scope in the development of synthetic strategies.

Conclucion:
As summarized through the compilation of recent advances for 1,2,3-triazole synthesis,
it is clear that these protocols have numerous advantages such as cleaner reaction profile, shorter
reaction times, excellent product yields, environmentally benign milder reactions, and safe operations.
Mechanical behaviour of 3D printed Lightweight Nano-composites
Authors: Doddamani Mrityunjay 
Published: April 2021

Background:
The nanoclay (NC) and glass micro balloons (GMB) based reinforced polymer composites are explored extensively through traditional processing methods. NC shows substantial enhancement in mechanical properties. Polymer composites developed by reinforcing GMB fillers provide a substantial reduction in weight, which is essential in the marine, aerospace, and automotive field. In this study, an attempt is made by developing polymer nano composites by reinforcing NC and GMB particles.

Objective:
The paper deals with 3 dimensional printing (3DP) of lightweight nanocomposite foam (NF) developed by mixing nanoclay (NC) and glass micro balloons (GMB) in high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The NF blend is prepared by keeping NC at 5 weight %. Subsequently, GMBs are added by volume (20 - 60 %) to NC/HDPE blend to realize lightweight NFs.

Methods:
The lightweight feedstock filaments are developed by extruding the blends using a single screw extruder. The extruded NF filaments are used as an input in a 3D printer to print NFs. The density of extruded filaments and prints are measured. The printed NFs are subjected to tensile and flexural testing.

Conclusion:
With an increase in GMB loading the density of both filaments and prints decreases. Compared to neat HDPE, printed NFs show ~30 % weight reducing potential. The tensile, flexural modulus and strength increases with GMB loading. NFs exhibited superior mechanical performance as compared to HDPE and NC/HDPE. Further, the property map reveals that the 3D printed NFs show superior tensile, flexural modulus, and strength in comparison with injection and compression-molded foams.
Privacy-Oriented Technique for COVID-19 Contact Tracing (PROTECT) Using Homomorphic Encryption: Design and Development Study
Authors: An Yongdae , Lee Seungmyung , Jung Seungwoo , Park Howard , Song Yongsoo , Ko Taehoon 
Published: April 2021

Background
Various techniques are used to support contact tracing, which has been shown to be highly effective against the COVID-19 pandemic. To apply the technology, either quarantine authorities should provide the location history of patients with COVID-19, or all users should provide their own location history. This inevitably exposes either the patient’s location history or the personal location history of other users. Thus, a privacy issue arises where the public good (via information release) comes in conflict with privacy exposure risks.

Objective
The objective of this study is to develop an effective contact tracing system that does not expose the location information of the patient with COVID-19 to other users of the system, or the location information of the users to the quarantine authorities.

Methods
We propose a new protocol called PRivacy Oriented Technique for Epidemic Contact Tracing (PROTECT) that securely shares location information of patients with users by using the Brakerski/Fan-Vercauteren homomorphic encryption scheme, along with a new, secure proximity computation method.

Results
We developed a mobile app for the end-user and a web service for the quarantine authorities by applying the proposed method, and we verified their effectiveness. The proposed app and web service compute the existence of intersections between the encrypted location history of patients with COVID-19 released by the quarantine authorities and that of the user saved on the user’s local device. We also found that this contact tracing smartphone app can identify whether the user has been in contact with such patients within a reasonable time.

Conclusions
This newly developed method for contact tracing shares location information by using homomorphic encryption, without exposing the location information of patients with COVID-19 and other users. Homomorphic encryption is challenging to apply to practical issues despite its high security value. In this study, however, we have designed a system using the Brakerski/Fan-Vercauteren scheme that is applicable to a reasonable size and developed it to an operable format. The developed app and web service can help contact tracing for not only the COVID-19 pandemic but also other epidemics.
Desafios e reflexões sobre diversidade cultural no contexto da pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Oliveira Maria Aparecida Costa , Nichio Elaine Rodrigues , Santos Gisely Storch do Nascimento , Andrade Fábio Santos de , Pacífico Juracy Machado 
Published: April 2021

O estudo teve como objetivo compreender as práticas pedagógicas, envolvendo a diversidade cultural, desenvolvidas por professores e professoras de língua portuguesa durante o período pandêmico provocado pela COVID-19 no ano de 2020. A pesquisa foi realizada no Instituto Federal de Ciência e Tecnologia de Rondônia, nos Campi de Colorado do Oeste e Vilhena, com 04 (quatro) docentes da disciplina de Língua Portuguesa que atuam no Ensino Médio Integrado. Os instrumentos metodológicos utilizados foram: pesquisa documental, pesquisa bibliográfica e entrevista semiestruturada, ancorados na perspectiva de Candau (2008), Merleau-Ponty (2011) e Freire (1997; 2007). Os resultados apontam a preocupação dos(as) professores(as) em possibilitar uma educação emancipatória e humanizadora por meio de práticas pedagógicas que promovam um diálogo de respeito e valorização do multiculturalismo. Evidenciou-se limitações quanto ao acesso a recursos tecnológicos devido às desigualdades sociais, políticas e econômicas que afetam o nosso país, sendo um grande desafio para a garantia do direito constitucional de acesso à uma educação justa e integradora.
Enhancing Productivity of Sweet Marjoram in Substrate Culture
Authors: Emam Mohamed Saad , Hawash A. M. H. , Mohammed M. H. , Metwally Neveen E. , Ahmed S. H. , Maharik Z. Y. 
Published: April 2021

Sweet Marjoram is considered as one of the important herbal plants, grown in many countries for medical and nutritional purposes and is an abundant source of valuable biologically active substances and mineral components. An experiment has been carried out on sweet marjoram at the experimental site of Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate (CLAC), Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculutre and land reclamation, Egypt under a net duble span house, during seasons of 2019and 2020. The experiment was carried out to study the effect of different nutrient solution sources and verimicompost rates on production of Sweet Marjoram grown in sand culture. In this experiment, Three sources of nutrient solution were under investigation (chemical nutrient solution “CN. S.” as a control treatment, vermi-liquid “V. L.” and mixture of chemical nutrient solution andvermi-liquid (50%:50%) “CN.S.+V.L.”), also, five rates of vermicompost have been added to sand culture(zero% of vermicompost "V.C. 0%"as a control treatment, 10% Vermicompost "V.C. 10%", 20% Vermicompost "V.C. 20%", 30% Vermicompost "V.C. 30%"and 40% Vermicompost "V.C. 40%").Regarding the effect of nutrient solution source; results illustrated that chemical nutrient solution recorded the highest values for vegetative growth, yield and chemical measurments. also data clearfied that the mixture of chemical nutrient solution and vermi-liquid (50%:50%) “CN.S.+V.L.” recorded a promising results very close to the chemical nutrient solution and more healther; because the amount of chemicals used in this nutrient solution have been reduced into the half amount only comparison with chemical nutrient solution. For that, the mixture of chemical nutrient solution and vermi-liquid (50%:50%) could be considered as the most suitable nutrient solution for sweet marjoram. Concerning the effect of different vermicompost rates, results showed that adding vermicompost rate by 30% to sand culture recorded the highest values for plant height, number of branches /plant, Fresh and dry weights of the aerial parts /plant, yields of the fresh and dry herb/ m2, yield of aromatic oil/ m2 (V.C. 40% recorded higher values for yield of the aromatic oil/m2 than V.C. 30% but the difference between both of them was not significant), and N,P,K% in leaves.
Effects of access to livelihood capitals on adoption of European Union (EU) approved pesticides among cocoa producing households in Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Kehinde Ayodeji Damilola , Tijani Akeem Abiade 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Cocoa producing households’ access to livelihood capitals would help them to adopt EU approved pesticides successfully. However, no empirical studies have addressed these issues. This study therefore investigated the effects of access to livelihood capitals on adoption of EU approved pesticides among cocoa producing households. A multi stage sampling procedure was employed to select 120 cocoa producing households for thestudy. The obtained data were analysed using descriptive statistics, multivariate probit regression and double hurdle regression model. The majority of cocoa producing households (92%) have access to natural capital, followed by physical capital (67.5%), social capital (62.5%), financial capital (58%), whereas only afew (50.8%) have access to human capital. Multivariate probit estimates showed that age (p < 0.05), gender (p < 0.05), farm size (p < 0.05), years of education (p < 0.01), farming experience (p < 0.01), household size (p < 0.01) and membership in cooperative society (p < 0.01) significantly influenced cocoa producing households’ access to livelihood capitals. The majority of cocoa producing households (81%) adopt approved pesticides. The first hurdle estimates showed that gender (p < 0.01), education (p < 0.05), membership in acooperative society (p < 0.05) and access to some livelihood capitals such as human (p < 0.01), physical (p < 0.05) and financial (p < 0.01) capitals significantly influence theprobability of adoption of EU approved pesticides. In thesecond hurdle, gender (p < 0.1), farm size (p < 0.01), household size (p < 0.01), membership in acooperative society (p < 0.01)and access to some livelihood capitals such as human (p < 0.05), physical (p < 0.01) and social (p < 0.01) capitals are significant in determining theintensity of adopting EU approved pesticides. The study concluded that access to livelihood capitals has potentials of accelerating adoption of EU approved pesticides. Other factors include gender, education, farm size and membership in acooperative society. Therefore, this study suggests that government policy on uptake of EU approved pesticides should pay more attention on cocoa producing households’ access to all these factors. Most importantly, policy package to encourage access to livelihood capitals must be strongly advocated.
Restructuring of State Enterprises as a Prerequisite for Economic Growth in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Jakopin Edvard , Gračanac Aleksandar , Aničić Jugoslav 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study of the performance of state-owned enterprises in Serbia has shown that the state has great difficulties managing the enterprises that are in its portfolio and under its control. The adaptation of state-owned enterprises to exogenous shocks unfolds at a slow pace and is faced with many problems. The institutional environment for the strategic restructuring of the state sector is not in the service of strengthening the efficiency of its business operation. The study has shown that the economic performance of state-owned enterprises exerts a direct influence on economic growth, the budget, government balance sheets, and debt. While the “healthy” enterprises (the ones conducting their business successfully) are valuable state-owned property, enterprises with a loss or over indebted enterprises are obligations which demand intervention through the injection of additional capital or through other forms of help from the state. The main goal of restructuring state-owned enterprises is to improve responsibility and efficiency. The array of measures for improving efficiency ranges from modifications of the legal framework and corporate governance of socially owned enterprises (including corporatization and separation of activities) to the sale of property to the private sector or complete privatization. Reforms are aimed at improving the transparency and responsibility of state-owned enterprises, not just for the purpose of efficiency, but also for the purpose of harmonization with the ethical and deontological requirements.
Business Model of the Sharing Economy Platform: Who are the “Winners” and who are the “Losers” of the COVID-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Stefanović Suzana 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The increasing digitalization of business activities in recent years has been a significant impetus to business model innovation. In this sense, we are witnessing the success of companies that base their businesses on the digital platform model. Therefore, the basic purpose of this paper is to stress out the very essence of platformization as a business model, which is based on the implementation of digital technologies, as well as to point out the characteristics - advantages and disadvantages of the so-called “sharing economy” model. Also, the purpose and goal of the paper is to point out how the characteristics of different types of platforms, especially of sharing economy platforms, affect their business success, i.e. market value, but also vulnerability in case of adverse effects of external factors, such as the current corona virus pandemic. Using both the classical methodology of theoretical research, based on insights into an available literature on the topic, and the results of research of world best practice, as well as monitoring statistical indicators of market value of the world’s best companies, the results confirm the initial assumption that nowdays companies which implement business model of the platform prevail. However, the results of the research also showed the vulnerability of the platforms, especially those based on the sharing economy, in the conditions of a corona virus pandemic. Given that there is very little research in the academic literature on the economic consequences of the current COVID-19 pandemic, the originality and significance of the research is in an attempt to stress out the consequences of the pandemic on the current market value and position of platform companies, and also on their survival and growth in the future.