bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1,050 years of Hurricane Strikes on Long Island in The Bahamas
Authors: Wallace E. J. , Donnelly J. P. , van Hengstum P. J. , Winkler T. S. , McKeon K. , MacDonald D. , d'Entremont N. E. , Sullivan R. M. , Woodruff J. D. , Hawkes A. D. , Maio C. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSedimentary records of past hurricane activity indicate centennial‐scale periods over the past millennium with elevated hurricane activity. The search for the underlying mechanism behind these active hurricane periods is confounded by regional variations in their timing. Here, we present a new high resolution paleohurricane record from The Bahamas with a synthesis of published North Atlantic records over the past millennium. We reconstruct hurricane strikes over the past 1,050 years in sediment cores from a blue hole on Long Island in The Bahamas. Coarse‐grained deposits in these cores date to the close passage of seven hurricanes over the historical interval. We find that the intensity and angle of approach of these historical storms plays an important role in inducing storm surge near the site. Our new record indicates four active hurricane periods on Long Island that conflict with published records on neighboring islands (Andros and Abaco Island). We demonstrate these three islands do not sample the same storms despite their proximity, and we compile these reconstructions together to create the first regional compilation of annually resolved paleohurricane records in The Bahamas. Integrating our Bahamian compilation with compiled records from the U.S. coastline indicates basin‐wide increased storminess during the Medieval Warm Period. Afterward, the hurricane patterns in our Bahamian compilation match those reconstructed along the U.S. East Coast but not in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. This disconnect may result from shifts in local environmental conditions in the North Atlantic or shifts in hurricane populations from straight‐moving to recurving storms over the past millennium.
Modelling safe protocols for reopening schools during the COVID-19 pandemic in France
Authors: Di Domenico Laura , Pullano Giulia , Sabbatini Chiara E. , Boëlle Pierre-Yves , Colizza Vittoria 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAs countries in Europe implement strategies to control the COVID-19 pandemic, different options are chosen regarding schools. Through a stochastic age-structured transmission model calibrated to the observed epidemic in Île-de-France in the first wave, we explored scenarios of partial, progressive, or full school reopening. Given the uncertainty on children’s role, we found that reopening schools after lockdown may increase COVID-19 cases, yet protocols exist to keep the epidemic controlled. Under a scenario with stable epidemic activity if schools were closed, reopening pre-schools and primary schools would lead to up to 76% [67, 84]% occupation of ICU beds if no other school level reopened, or if middle and high schools reopened later. Immediately reopening all school levels may overwhelm the ICU system. Priority should be given to pre- and primary schools allowing younger children to resume learning and development, whereas full attendance in middle and high schools is not recommended for stable or increasing epidemic activity. Large-scale test and trace is required to keep the epidemic under control. Ex-post assessment shows that progressive reopening of schools, limited attendance, and strong adoption of preventive measures contributed to a decreasing epidemic after lifting the first lockdown.
Model predictive control optimisation using the metaheuristic optimisation for blood pressure control
Authors: Ahmadpour Mohammad Reza , Ghadiri Hamid , Hajian Saeed Reza 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGiven the importance of high blood pressure, it is important to control and maintain a constant blood pressure level in the normal state. The main aim of this article is to design a model predictive controller with a genetic algorithm (GA) for the regulation of arterial blood pressure. The present study is an applied cross‐sectional study. In order to do this research, studies related to designing mathematical models for blood pressure regulation and mechanical models for heart muscle and pressure sensors are investigated. Then, a model predictive controller with GA is designed for blood pressure control. All control and design operations are performed in the MATLAB software. According to the viscoelasticity of blood, transducer, and injection set, we can assume the mechanical model as Mass, Spring, and Damper. Initially, the patient's blood pressure is lower than normal, and after controlling, the patient's blood pressure returned to normal. By using a GA‐based model predictive control (MPC), mathematical validation, and mechanical model, the patient's blood pressure can be adjusted and maintained. The simulation result shows that the GA‐based MPC offers acceptable response and speed of operation and the proposed controller can achieve good tracking and disturbance rejection.
Transition region adaptive conduction (TRAC) in multidimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations
Authors: Zhou Yu-Hao , Ruan Wen-Zhi , Xia Chun , Keppens Rony 
Published: February 2021

Context. In solar physics, a severe numerical challenge for modern simulations is properly representing a transition region between the million-degree hot corona and a much cooler plasma of about 10 000 K (e.g., the upper chromosphere or a prominence). In previous 1D hydrodynamic simulations, the transition region adaptive conduction (TRAC) method has been proven to capture aspects better that are related to mass evaporation and energy exchange.
Aims. We aim to extend this method to fully multidimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) settings, as required for any realistic application in the solar atmosphere. Because modern MHD simulation tools efficiently exploit parallel supercomputers and can handle automated grid refinement, we design strategies for any-dimensional block grid-adaptive MHD simulations.
Methods. We propose two different strategies and demonstrate their working with our open-source MPI-AMRVAC code. We benchmark both strategies on 2D prominence formation based on the evaporation–condensation scenario, where chromospheric plasma is evaporated through the transition region and then is collected and ultimately condenses in the corona.
Results. A field-line-based TRACL method and a block-based TRACB method are introduced and compared in block grid-adaptive 2D MHD simulations. Both methods yield similar results and are shown to satisfactorily correct the underestimated chromospheric evaporation, which comes from a poor spatial resolution in the transition region.
Conclusions. Because fully resolving the transition region in multidimensional MHD settings is virtually impossible, TRACB or TRACL methods will be needed in any 2D or 3D simulations involving transition region physics.
Low-Level-Lasertherapie kombiniert mit Laserakupunktur – ein Fallbeispiel
Authors: Treuel-Janz Sinje 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungAufgrund ihrer antiphlogistischen, analgetischen und immunstimulierenden Effekte eignet sich die Low-Level-Lasertherapie (LLLT) insbesondere zur Behandlung chronisch-infizierter Prozesse. Der Fallbericht zu einer Katze, die bereits mehrere Monate erfolglos wegen einer eitrig sezernierenden Umfangsvermehrung im Kopfbereich behandelt wurde, zeigt auf, mit welchem Potenzial die LLLT auch lange bestehende Entzündungen zur Abheilung bringen kann. Gerade bei abgekapselten Prozessen (Abszesse), bei denen Antibiose keine Wirkung zeigt, oder bei multiresistenten Keimen ist die lokale Lasertherapie von großem Nutzen.
Patientenbesitzerbefragungen in der Kleintiermedizin – Bedeutung, Nutzen und Fallstricke bei Planung, Durchführung und Auswertung
Authors: Treese Julia Sophie , Nolte Ingo , Bach Jan-Peter 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungGegenstand und Ziel In der Studie wurden Nutzen von und Schwierigkeiten bei der Planung und Durchführung von Patientenbesitzerbefragungen in der Kleintiermedizin anhand von 2 Beispielen untersucht. Ein Augenmerk lag auf dem Vergleich der subjektiven Einschätzung und Wahrnehmung der Patientenbesitzer in Bezug zu der durchgeführten Diagnostik und Therapie sowie dem Krankheitsverlauf und der Lebensqualität ihres Tieres.Untersuchungsgut Die beiden Befragungen richteten sich an Besitzer von Hunden mit chronischer Enteropathie (CE) bzw. degenerativer Mitralklappenerkrankung („degenerative mitral valve disease“, DMVD). Das Fallsystem der Klinik für Kleintiere der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover wurde jeweils anhand entsprechender Diagnosen nach geeigneten Fällen durchsucht, die Patientenbesitzer wurden kontaktiert und gebeten, einen mehrteiligen Fragebogen zu ihren Hunden auszufüllen (digital oder postalisch). Die Ergebnisse der Befragung wurden statistisch ausgewertet und in Bezug auf die Übereinstimmung der Wahrnehmung der Patientenbesitzer mit aus der Literatur bekannten Erkenntnissen zu den jeweiligen Erkrankungen verglichen. Anhand der Ergebnisse dieser Auswertung wurden Studiendesign, Zuverlässigkeit der Besitzerwahrnehmung und Nutzen der durchgeführten Befragung kritisch hinterfragt.Ergebnisse Die Suche im Fallsystem der Klinik lieferte 125 geeignete Fälle zur CE und 145 zur DMVD. Insgesamt 81 Patientenbesitzer (CE, Rücklaufquote 64,8 %) bzw. 72 (DMVD, Rücklaufquote 49,7 %) beantworteten den Fragebogen. Die Angaben zur diagnostischen Abklärung der Hunde fielen sehr unterschiedlich aus. Während die Aussagen zu Krankheitsverlauf und -formen bei der CE mit den Angaben aus der Literatur übereinstimmen, wichen sie bei der DMVD teilweise deutlich ab.Schlussfolgerung Patientenbesitzerbefragungen können wichtige Hinweise über Krankheitsverläufe aus der Sicht des Besitzers liefern. Dies ist insbesondere bei chronischen Erkrankungen, deren Management eine gute Besitzer-Compliance voraussetzt, wertvoll. Ein identisches Vorgehen bei der Patientenauswahl kann in Abhängigkeit von der Erkrankung zu unterschiedlich aussagekräftigen Ergebnissen führen.
Geburt eines lebenden Labradorwelpen nach deutlich verlängerter Geburt
Authors: Walter Beate , Leykam Christian , Flock Ulrike , Otzdorff Christiane , Meyer-Lindenberg Andrea 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungEine 8-jährige erstgebärende Labrador-Retriever-Hündin wurde aufgrund von verstärktem Vaginalausfluss 46 Stunden nach der Geburt von 2 lebenden und einem toten Welpen vorgestellt. Kurz nach ihrer Ankunft gebar die Hündin spontan einen weiteren lebenden Welpen. Die allgemeine und gynäkologische Untersuchung der Mutterhündin ergaben ebenso wie eine vollständige Blutuntersuchung unauffällige Befunde. Dieser Fall zeigt, dass in Ausnahmefällen auch bei der Hündin eine extrem verlängerte Austreibungsphase möglich ist. Grundsätzlich wird jedoch empfohlen, die Hündin sowie die Feten während einer verlängerten Austreibungsphase regelmäßig zu untersuchen, um eine Veränderung der Vitalparameter rechtzeitig zu erkennen und gegebenenfalls geburtshilfliche Maßnahmen einzuleiten.
Überprüfung eines Schnelltestsystems zur Erfassung der Betahydroxybutyrat-Konzentration im Blut von Milchkühen
Authors: Snedec Teja , Theinert Kirsten , Pietsch Fabian , Leonhardt Anne-Sophie , Kadáši Marián , Klein Robert , Spilke Joachim , Bannert Erik , Schären Melanie , Köller Gabor , Baumgartner Walter , Theile Sabrina , Kaiser Anne , Rachidi Fanny , Starke Alexander 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungZiel Das vermehrte Auftreten von Ketose in der Transitphase bei Milchkühen verursacht hohe ökonomische Verluste. Die frühzeitige Identifizierung betroffener Tiere bereits im subklinischen Stadium ermöglicht, die Erkrankungshäufigkeit zu reduzieren und Verluste zu vermeiden. Ziel der Studie war, die Eignung eines mobilen Testgeräts zur Analyse der Betahydroxybutyrat-Konzentration (BHB-Konzentration) in der praktischen Anwendung zu prüfen. Darüber hinaus sollten die mit diesem Gerät gemessenen BHB-Konzentrationen mit denen verglichen werden, die mit einer Laborreferenzmethode aus dem Blut der V. jugularis ermittelt wurden.Material und Methoden Bei 81 Milchkühen wurde zu 7 Zeitpunkten (14 und 7 Tage a. p. sowie 7, 14, 21, 28, 42 Tage p. p.) Blut für die Analyse der BHB-Konzentration entnommen. Zur Messung im Labor mit einer kinetisch-enzymatischen Methode diente Blut aus der V. jugularis und V. oder A. coccygea mediana, zur Messung mit dem Gerät WellionVet BELUA Blut aus der V. oder A. coccygea mediana sowie Kapillarblut (gewonnen am Übergang der Haut zur Schleimhaut an der Vulva).Ergebnisse Anfängliche Anwendungsfehler bei der Bedienung des Geräts konnten mit Training abgestellt werden. Bei den Analyseergebnissen im Labor lagen die BHB-Konzentrationen aus dem Blut der V. jugularis um 0,07 mmol/l niedriger als die in Blut aus der V. oder A. coccygea mediana. Die mit dem Testgerät ermittelten BHB-Konzentrationen in Proben der V. oder A. coccygea mediana lagen um 0,13 mmol/l niedriger und die im Kapillarblut um 0,12 mmol/l niedriger als die im Labor aus dem Blut der V. jugularis gemessenen. Die mit dem Testgerät gemessenen BHB-Konzentrationen differierten zwischen den beiden Entnahmelokalisationen nicht signifikant.Schlussfolgerung Für die Kapillarblutentnahme eignet sich die Lokalisation am Übergang von Haut zu Schleimhaut an der Vulva. Das Gerät WellionVet BELUA liefert sofort Ergebnisse mit guter Übereinstimmung zwischen den Messwerten in Proben von verschiedenen Blutentnahmeorten wie auch im Vergleich zur Laboranalyse. Das Testsystem ist zur Anwendung in Milchviehbetrieben geeignet. Als Matrix kann sowohl Kapillarblut als auch Blut aus der V. oder A. coccygea mediana empfohlen werden.
Umwelt-Radongehalt und primäre Lungentumoren bei Hund und Katze
Authors: Betz Daniela Simon 
Published: February 2021

Fowler BL, Johannes CM, O’Connor A et al. Ecological level analysis of primary lung tumors in dogs and cats and environmental radon activity. J Vet Int Med 2020; 34 (6): 2660–2670
Epidemiologische Studien beim Menschen weisen darauf hin, dass zwischen dem häuslichen Radongehalt und der Entwicklung primärer Lungentumoren ein Zusammenhang besteht. In den USA ist eine Radonexposition die geschätzt zweithäufigste Ursache dieser Tumorerkrankung. Aufgrund einer Vielzahl von Einflussfaktoren lässt sich ein kausaler Zusammenhang jedoch nur schwer nachweisen. In der Veterinäronkologie liegen bisher keine Daten hierzu vor. Ziel dieser Studie war daher, die Inzidenz primärer Lungentumoren bei Hunden und Katzen in Relation zum Radongehalt in der Umwelt zu ermitteln.
Long-Term Follow-Up of Denosumab Discontinuers with Multiple
Vertebral Fractures in the Real-World: A Case Series
Authors: Tripto-Shkolnik Liana , Liel Yair , Yekutiel Naama , Goldshtein Inbal 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDenosumab discontinuation is associated with rapid reversal of bone turnover
suppression and with a considerable increase in fracture risk, including a
risk for multiple vertebral fractures (MVF). Long-term follow-up of patients
who sustained MVF after denosumab discontinuation has not been reported.
This case-series was aimed to provide a long-term follow-up on the
management and outcome of denosumab discontinuers who initially presented
with multiple vertebral fractures. Denosumab discontinuers were identified
from a computerized database of a large healthcare provider. Baseline and
follow-up clinical, laboratory, and imaging data were obtained from the
computerized database and electronic medical records. The post-denosumab
discontinuers MVF patients consisted of 12 women aged 71±12.
Osteoporotic fractures were prevalent before denosumab discontinuation in 6
of the patients. The majority received bisphosphonates before denosumab. MVF
occurred 134±76 days after denosumab discontinuation. The patients
were followed for a median of 36.5 (IQR 28.2, 42.5) months after MVF. Two
patients passed-away. Two patients suffered recurrent vertebral fractures.
Following MVF, patients were treated inconsistently with denosumab,
teriparatide, oral, and intravenous bisphosphonates, in various sequences.
Two patients underwent vertebroplasty/kyphoplasty. This long-term
follow-up of real-world patients with MVF following denosumab
discontinuation reveals that management is inconsistent, and recurrent
fractures are not uncommon. It calls for clear management guidelines for
patients with MVF after denosumab discontinuation and for special attention
to this high-risk group.
Rh(III)-Catalyzed Olefination and Alkylation of Arenes with Maleimides: A Tunable Strategy for C(sp2)–H Functionalization
Authors: Li Hongji , Zhang Wenjie , Liu Xueyan , Tian Zhenfeng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe herein report a new nitrogen-directed Rh(III)-catalyzed C(sp2)–H bond functionalization of N-nitrosoanilines and azoxybenzenes with maleimides as a coupling partner, in which the olefination/alkylation process can be finely controlled at room temperature by variation of the reaction conditions. This method shows excellent functional group tolerance, and presents a mild access to the resulting olefination/alkylation products in moderate to good yields.
Investigating the survey instrument for the underground pipeline with inertial sensor and dead reckoning method
Authors: Liu Jianwei , Liu Xixiang , Yang Wenqiang , Pan Shuguo 
Published: February 2021

To survey deep-buried and non-metallic pipelines without excavation, a pipeline survey instrument composed of a data collection and data processing part is developed. The data collection part is composed of a walking machine, a nine-axis micro-electro-mechanical system inertial measurement unit (MEMS-IMU) installed on the walking machine, odometers based on Hall magnetic switches, and a control/data storage circuit, while data processing is executed on the personal computer, where the attitude and trajectory are acquired with the complementary filter and dead reckoning on the collected data. Key technologies include the following: (1) the gyro-bias is estimated with the parking mode when there is no angular motion excitation; (2) a magnetometer is introduced to assist MEMS-IMU tracking azimuth changes; (3) calibration based on ellipsoid fitting is designed for magnetometers and accelerometers without any references; (4) stretching and rotation on calculated trajectory are executed with position information of both pipeline ends. Test results on a pipeline of 104 m constructed on the ground show that the maximum error on the lateral direction is 0.13 m and the height is 0.06 m, while the mean errors are −0.04 m and −0.001 m, respectively.
Long-pulse diagnostic calorimeter for the negative ion source testbed BATMAN upgrade
Authors: Nocentini Riccardo , Bonomo Federica , Heinemann Bernd , Hurlbatt Andrew , Mario Isabella 
Published: February 2021

The RF-driven negative ion source testbed BATMAN upgrade is being developed at IPP Garching in the framework of the ion source development for ITER and DEMO neutral beam injection systems. The testbed has recently been enhanced to allow for steady state operation with a focus on beam optics studies. The previous titanium sublimation pumps and inertial calorimeter limited the beam pulse length to about 6 s every 3 min. The upgrade comprises a long-pulse compatible, actively cooled diagnostic calorimeter. This has been designed and is currently being manufactured to substitute the inertially cooled calorimeter that has limited diagnostic capabilities. The new diagnostic calorimeter consists of a copper plate with dimensions of 910 × 660 × 25 mm3 placed about 2 m from the ion source extraction grids, and through a novel solution, it will provide a 2D profile of beam power density with a 20 mm spatial resolution. Water flowing through cooling channels embedded in the copper plate will actively cool the calorimeter, which is loaded with about 160 kW beam power at ITER-relevant current density, but 45 kV acceleration. A fraction of the beam will pass through many small apertures (ø2 mm) positioned in the calorimeter plate and will be collected by thin (0.2 mm) copper foils attached to the calorimeter back side. Evaluation of power density will be performed by measuring the temperature of the heat flux foils with a high-resolution infrared camera observing the calorimeter from the back side and calibrated by thermocouples.
Cognitive aging is associated with redistribution of synaptic weights in the hippocampus
Authors: Buss Eric W. , Corbett Nicola J. , Roberts Joshua G. , Ybarra Natividad , Musial Timothy F. , Simkin Dina , Molina-Campos Elizabeth , Oh Kwang-Jin , Nielsen Lauren L. , Ayala Gelique D. , Mullen Sheila A. , Farooqi Anise K. , D’Souza Gary X. , Hill Corinne L. , Bean Linda A. , Rogalsky Annalise E. , Russo Matthew L. , Curlik Dani M. , Antion Marci D. , Weiss Craig , Chetkovich Dane M. , Oh M. Matthew , Disterhoft John F. , Nicholson Daniel A. 
Published: February 2021

Significance
A longstanding question in the field of the neurobiology of learning and memory is why some aged individuals perform comparably to young adults in learning and memory tasks, whereas others show impairments that resemble the performance of those with hippocampal damage. Answers to this question have been critical for advancing our understanding of, and our ability to treat, aging-related cognitive impairments. Here, we have exploited the exquisite organization of the hippocampal circuit to reveal that “unsuccessful” cognitive aging is associated with a breakdown of young adult-like circuit organization, and provide a remarkably straightforward potential cellular substrate for the well-documented dysfunction in neuronal encoding of hippocampal CA1 and CA3 pyramidal neurons in aged learning-impaired rats.
The evolution of siphonophore tentilla for specialized prey capture in the open ocean
Authors: Damian-Serrano Alejandro , Haddock Steven H. D. , Dunn Casey W. 
Published: February 2021

Significance
Predatory specialization is often associated with the evolution of modifications in the morphology of the prey-capture apparatus. Specialization has been considered an evolutionary “dead end” due to the constraints associated with these morphological changes. However, in predators like siphonophores, armed with modular structures used exclusively for prey capture, this assumption is challenged. Our results show that siphonophores can evolve generalism and new prey-type specializations by modifying the morphological states, modes of evolution, and evolutionary correlations between the parts of their prey-capture apparatus. These findings demonstrate how studying open-ocean nonbilaterian predators can reveal novel patterns and mechanisms in the evolution of specialization. Understanding these evolutionary processes is fundamental to the study of food web structure and complexity.
Accurate SNV detection in single cells by transposon-based whole-genome amplification of complementary strands
Authors: Xing Dong , Tan Longzhi , Chang Chi-Han , Li Heng , Xie X. Sunney 
Published: February 2021

Significance
The boom of single-cell sequencing technologies in the past decade has profoundly expanded our understanding of fundamental biology. Today, tens of thousands of cells can be measured by single-cell RNA-seq in one experiment. However, single-cell DNA-sequencing studies have been limited by false positives and cost. Here we report META-CS, a single-cell whole-genome amplification method that takes advantage of the complementary strands of double-stranded DNA to filter out false positives and reduce sequencing cost. META-CS achieved the highest accuracy in terms of detecting single-nucleotide variations, and provided potential solutions for the identification of other genomic variants, such as insertions, deletions, and structural variations in single cells.