bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracellular Biomarkers of Inner Ear Disease and Their Potential for Point‐of‐Care Diagnostics
Authors: Mahshid Sahar Sadat , Higazi Aliaa Monir , Ogier Jacqueline Michelle , Dabdoub Alain 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRapid diagnostic testing has become a mainstay of patient care, using easily obtained samples such as blood or urine to facilitate sample analysis at the point‐of‐care. These tests rely on the detection of disease or organ‐specific biomarkers that have been well characterized for a particular disorder. Currently, there is no rapid diagnostic test for hearing loss, which is one of the most prevalent sensory disorders in the world. In this review, potential biomarkers for inner ear‐related disorders, their detection, and quantification in bodily fluids are described. The authors discuss lesion‐specific changes in cell‐free deoxyribonucleic acids (DNAs), micro‐ribonucleic acids (microRNAs), proteins, and metabolites, in addition to recent biosensor advances that may facilitate rapid and precise detection of these molecules. Ultimately, these biomarkers may be used to provide accurate diagnostics regarding the site of damage in the inner ear, providing practical information for individualized therapy and assessment of treatment efficacy in the future.
Highly Emissive Blue Quantum Dots with Superior Thermal Stability via In Situ Surface Reconstruction of Mixed CsPbBr3–Cs4PbBr6 Nanocrystals
Authors: Kim Hyeonjung , Park Jong Hyun , Kim Kangyong , Lee Dongryeol , Song Myoung Hoon , Park Jongnam 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAlthough metal halide perovskites are candidate high‐performance light‐emitting diode (LED) materials, blue perovskite LEDs are problematic: mixed‐halide materials are susceptible to phase segregation and bromide‐based perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have low stability. Herein, a novel strategy for highly efficient, stable cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) QDs via in situ surface reconstruction of CsPbBr3–Cs4PbBr6 nanocrystals (NCs) is reported. By controlling precursor reactivity, the ratio of CsPbBr3 to Cs4PbBr6 NCs is successfully modulated. A high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of >90% at 470 nm is obtained because octahedron CsPbBr3 QD surface defects are removed by the Cs4PbBr6 NCs. The defect‐engineered QDs exhibit high colloidal stability, retaining >90% of their initial PLQY after >120 days of ambient storage. Furthermore, thermal stability is demonstrated by a lack of heat‐induced aggregation at 120 °C. Blue LEDs fabricated from CsPbBr3 QDs with reconstructed surfaces exhibit a maximum external quantum efficiency of 4.65% at 480 nm and excellent spectral stability.
Elucidating the Synergistic Behavior of Orientation‐Controlled SnS Nanoplates and Carbon Layers for High‐Performance Lithium‐ and Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lee Jeongyoub , Choi Changhoon , Lee Hyungsoo , Ma Sunihl , Tan Jeiwan , Jang Gyumin , Shim Sang Gi , Park Young Sun , Yun Juwon , Kim Dong‐Wan , Moon Jooho 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAs the demand for higher energy density in portable electronics and electric vehicles has increased, novel electrode materials with high reversible capacity have received significant research attention for breakthrough into next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). Tin monosulfide is a particularly promising anode material for both LIBs and SIBs due to its exceptional electrochemical properties, thus several strategies based on nanoengineered SnS/carbon composites (NSCs) have been introduced to improve the electrical and ionic conductivity and to reduce the volume change that occurs during cycling. However, to fully exploit the outstanding properties of NSCs, the crystallographic orientation of anisotropic SnS should be optimized. Herein, vertically aligned SnS nanoplate arrays (VA‐SnS@C) with preferred (111) and (101) orientations covered by carbon layers are fabricated using a facile spin‐coating method followed by a simple glucose solution bath. The as‐fabricated (111)‐oriented VA‐SnS@C anode demonstrates better electrochemical performance than does the (040)‐oriented planar SnS (PL‐SnS@C) anode, illustrating the critical role of the crystallographic orientation in NSCs. The superior electrochemical performance of the VA‐SnS@C anode demonstrates that this facile approach harnesses the synergistic effects of orientation‐controlled SnS and versatile carbon layers, which is crucial to design high‐performance anodes for next‐generation LIBs and SIBs.
Real‐time Observation of Structural Dynamics Triggering Excimer Formation in a Perylene Bisimide Folda‐dimer by Ultrafast Time‐Domain Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Hong Yongseok , Kim Woojae , Kim Taeyeon , Kaufmann Christina , Kim Hyungjun , Würthner Frank , Kim Dongho 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn π‐conjugated organic photovoltaic materials, an excimer state has been generally regarded as a trap state which hinders efficient excitation energy transport. But despite wide investigations of the excimer for overcoming the undesirable energy loss, the understanding of the relationship between the structure of the excimer in stacked organic compounds and its properties remains elusive. Here, we present the landscape of structural dynamics from the excimer formation to its relaxation in a co‐facially stacked archetypical perylene bisimide folda‐dimer using ultrafast time‐domain Raman spectroscopy. We directly captured vibrational snapshots illustrating the ultrafast structural evolution triggering the excimer formation along the interchromophore coordinate on the complex excited‐state potential surfaces and following evolution into a relaxed excimer state. Not only does this work showcase the ultrafast structural dynamics necessary for the excimer formation and control of excimer characteristics but also provides important criteria for designing the π‐conjugated organic molecules.
Clusters Induced Electron Redistribution to Tune Oxygen Reduction Activity of Transition Metal Single‐Atom for Metal–Air Batteries
Authors: Huang Hongjiao , Yu Deshuang , Hu Feng , Huang Shao‐Chu , Song Junnan , Chen Han‐Yi , Li Lin Lin , Peng Shengjie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity can be effectively tuned by modulating the electron configuration and optimizing the chemical bonds. Herein, a general strategy to optimize the activity of metal single‐atoms is achieved by the decoration of metal clusters via a coating–pyrolysis–etching route. In this unique structure, the metal clusters are able to induce electron redistribution and modulate M−N species bond lengths. As a result, M‐ACSA@NC exhibits superior ORR activity compared with the nanoparticle‐decorated counterparts. The performance enhancement is attributed to the optimized intermediates desorption benefiting from the unique electronic configuration. Theoretical analysis reinforces the significant roles of metal clusters by correlating the ORR activity with cluster‐induced charge transfer. As a proof‐of‐concept, various metal–air batteries assembled with Fe‐ACSA@NC deliver remarkable power densities and capacities. This strategy is an effective and universal technique for electron modulation of M−N−C, which shows great potential in application of energy storage devices.
Effect of silane modifiednano‐SiO2on the mechanical properties and compatibility ofPBAT/lignin composite films
Authors: Gu Xinhui , Hou Juying , Ai Shiyun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn recent years, the development of environment‐friendly biodegradable and high‐performing polymer composite for production has attracted much attention, motivated by the need to reduce the amount of microplastics accumulating in the environment. In this study, the poly (butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) and sodium lignosulphonate (SL) composite films with different loading of SL are synthesized. The PBAT/SL composite films show great UV‐blocking capability and photostability. When the addition of SL reaches 10 wt%, the UV‐B blocking of the composite films (P/L10) can reach about 100%. However, the tensile strength of P/L10 is about 32% less than that of neat PBAT. The silane modified nano‐SiO2(m‐SiO2),as a nano‐filler, is well distributed into PBAT/SL composites, leading to improved tensile properties and the compatibility of PBAT with SL. The tensile strength of the P/L10/S2 (S2 denotes 2 wt% m‐SiO2) is about 55% more than that of P/L10 and 5% more than that of neat PABT. It can be observed from SEM that a suitable content of m‐SiO2can improve the interfacial compatibility between PBAT and SL. This work provides innovative strategy for biodegradable PBAT/SL composites with remarkable UV‐blocking ability and tensile strength.
Effect of metal salts on high‐voltage atmospheric cold plasma‐induced polymerization of acrylamide
Authors: Hood Christine , Rios de Souza Vanessa , Keener Kevin , Marangoni Alejandro G. , Illera Alba E , Pensini Erica 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAcrylamide polymerization in solution was successfully induced by high‐voltage atmospheric cold plasma (HVACP) treatment, using nitrogen gas. Addition of metal sulfates greatly increased acrylamide polymerization, with ZnSO4 and MgSO4 yielding 89% and 62% polyacrylamide polymer, respectively. Presence of excited nitrogen species during HVACP treatment was demonstrated using optical emission spectroscopy. Proton NMR (H1NMR) and attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were performed to verify the degree of polymerization. Rheology experiments and viscosity measurements showed that acrylamide samples treated with HVACP in the presence of ZnSO4, MgSO4 had higher viscoelastic moduli, and intrinsic viscosity (η) compared to those treated in deionized (DI) water, due to the higher degree of polymerization. Addition of ZnSO4 yielded the greatest viscoelastic moduli and intrinsic viscosity (the storage modulus was G' = 1.26·104 ± 1.8·103 Pa and the loss modulus was G" = 3.06·103 ± 1.10·103 Pa, and [η] ≈ 26 L/g). With MgSO4, the viscoelastic moduli were G' = 5.93·103 ± 1.40·103 Pa and G" = 1.60·103 ± 2.6·102 Pa, and (η) ≈ 4.7 L/g. In DI water G' = 1.55·103 ± 2.1·102 Pa and G" = 7.44·102 ± 1.37·102 Pa, and (η) ≈ 2. PAM prepared with ZnSO4 also had the highest molecular weight, as determined by mass spectroscopy. ZnCl2 and MgCl2 hindered acrylamide polymerization, highlighting the effect of the sulfate ions on acrylamide polymerization using HVACP treatment.
Isatin‐3‐acylhydrazones with Enhanced Lipophilicity: Synthesis, Antimicrobial Activity Evaluation and the Influence on Hemostasis System
Authors: Bogdanov Andrei V. , Voloshina Alexandra D. , Sapunova Anastasia S. , Kulik Natalia V. , Bukharov Sergey V. , Dobrynin Alexey B. , Voronina Julia K. , Terekhova Natalia V. , Samorodov Alexander V. , Pavlov Valentin N. , Mironov Vladimir F. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWater‐soluble trialkylammonium isatin‐3‐hydrazone derivatives bearing phenolic substituent were easily synthesized with high yields. XRD studies confirmed the presence of these compounds as trans‐(Z)‐isomers in a crystal. It was shown that an increase in the lipophilicity of the cationic center leads to an increase in activity against Gram‐positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus, including methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. The MIC values of all compounds turned out to be 2–100 times higher than the MIC of norfloxacin against the MRSA strains in the absence of hemo‐ and cytotoxicity. Antiaggregation and anticoagulation properties were in vitro better than for acetylsalicylic acid and sodium heparin drugs. It has been shown by UV spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy that the mechanism of antimicrobial action of new acylhydrazones is associated with their ability to destroy the bacterial cell membrane.
Zinc finger protein 852 is essential for the proliferation, drug sensitivity, and self‐renewal of gastric cancer cells
Authors: Ke Chao , Zhou Hongjian , Jiang Bin , Xie Xingwang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractExploring cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for gastric cancer growth, survival, self‐renewal, and metastasis helps develop efficacious therapeutic strategies. In this study, the expression and function of zinc finger protein 852 (ZNF852) in human gastric cancer cell lines were characterized. ZNF852 was upregulated in gastric cancer cell lines relative to normal gastric epithelial cell line GES‐1. When the ZNF852 gene was ablated in gastric cancer cell line MGC‐803 using the CRISPR/Cas9‐encoding lentivirus, the proliferation of MGC‐803 was suppressed. ZNF852 deficiency also resulted in the inhibition of MGC‐803 sphere formation, along with decreases in SRY‐box 2 (SOX2), octamer‐binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), and Nanog homeobox (NANOG), suggesting that ZNF852 sustains self‐renewal of MGC‐803 cells. Furthermore, ZNF852 deficiency increased oxaliplatin‐induced MGC‐803 cell death, implying the role of ZNF852 in drug sensitivity. Subcutaneous infusion of MGC‐803 cells into nude mice illustrated the same effects of ZNF852 on the proliferation and self‐renewal of gastric cancer cells. Similar effects of ANF852 were also seen in gastric cancer cell line SNU‐1. Interestingly, ZNF852 deficiency caused downregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on gastric cancer cells. In summary, this study uncovers the positive regulatory role of ZNF852 in gastric cancer growth and maintenance. ZNF852 could be a potential therapeutic target for inhibiting gastric cancer initiation or progression.
Zwinger Dresden: 1.392 System‐Isoliergläser mit speziellen Anforderungen
Authors: Gerlach Katja 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDer denkmalgeschützte Zwinger in Dresden wurde ab 1710 erbaut. Teil davon ist die Sempergalerie, die erst 1847 angebaut wurde. 2017 begann die zweite Teilsanierung. In der linken Hälfte der Sempergalerie wurden 968 Fenster ausgetauscht. Sollingglas entwickelte hierfür mit Partnern ein spezielles Fensterglas. Die Farbwiedergabe sollte so neutral wie möglich sein. UV‐ und Lichtdurchlässigkeit waren exakt definiert, und die Außenansicht musste der Epoche angepasst sein. All diese Anforderungen erfüllte schließlich ein dreiteiliges System‐Isolierglas. Antiqua‐Einscheiben‐Sicherheitsglas (ESG) mit Sonnenschutz wurde als Außenscheibe genommen. Darauf folgte ein ESG mit Wärmeschutzschicht. Des Weiteren wurde dem Isolierglas ein Verbundsicherheitsglas (VSG) mit UV‐Schutz hinzugefügt. Bei der Fertigung des hauseigenen Glases Antiqua wird Weißglas thermisch verformt. Es entsteht eine wellige Oberfläche in historischer Optik. Für die Bauabschnitte 2018 und 2020, dem Porzellanpavillon sowie der Bogengalerie im Zwinger, gelten zwar etwas andere Anforderungen, Antiqua‐Scheiben sind jedoch auch hier überwiegend Bestandteil der 424 Fenstergläser.Zwinger Dresden: 1.392 system insulating glasses with special requirements. The listed Zwinger in Dresden was built from 1710. Part of it is the Semper Gallery which was only added in 1847. Its second partial renovation began in 2017. In the left half of the Semper Gallery 968 windows were replaced. For this purpose, Sollingglas developed a special window glass with partners. The colour rendering should be as neutral as possible. UV‐ and light permeability were precisely defined, and the exterior view had to be adapted to the era. Finally, all of these requirements were fulfilled by a three‐part system insulating glass. Antiqua single‐pane safety glass (ESG) with sun protection was used as the outer pane. This was followed by an ESG with a heat protection layer. Furthermore, a laminated safety glass (VSG) with UV protection was added to the insulating glass. When manufacturing the in‐house glass Antiqua, white glass is thermally deformed. A wavy surface with a historical look is created. For the construction phases 2018 and 2020, the Porcelain Pavilion and the Arch Gallery in the Zwinger, slightly different requirements apply. However, Antiqua panes will also be mostly part of the 424 window glasses.
Potenzial von Künstlicher Intelligenz im Bereich von Gebäudehüllen
Authors: A. Kraus Michael , Drass Michael , Schneider Jens 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn Zukunft werden beim Fassadenentwurf neben den Anforderungen an die Funktion als thermohygrische Barriere, dem Sonnenschutz und ansprechend‐ästhetischem Design weitere Punkte zum Nutzerkomfort oder der ‐interaktion mit der Fassade im Fokus stehen. Dieser Beitrag zeigt auf, wie innovative adaptive Steuerungen der Fassade unter Verwendung von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) konzipiert werden, um die sich ergebende Mehrzieloptimierung zu bewältigen, indem Modelle der KI mit dem digitalen Zwilling der Fassade zu einem cyber‐physikalischen Regelkreis mit Benutzer‐Feedback verbunden werden. Am Beispiel der Fassade des sich im Bau befindlichen Glass Competence Center der TU Darmstadt wird ein derartiges Fassadensystem vorgestellt.Applications and Potentials of Artificial Intelligence to Building Envelopes. Modern facades act as barrier against environmental influences but have to fulfill additional demands on functionality and appealing design. In future however, the design of facades will not only focus on the mentioned aspects but will have to account for user comfort and interaction with the facade. Hence, this article investigates the conceptual design of innovative adaptive control systems for facades using Artificial Intelligence (AI) in order to cope with the arising multi‐objective optimization problem. Models of AI are combined with a digital twin of the facade to form a cyber‐physical control loop with user feedback. Using the facade of the Glass Competence Center of the Technical University of Darmstadt as an example, such an intelligent and adaptive facade system is presented within this paper.
Aussteifungsvermögen von Holz‐Glas‐Deckenelementen
Authors: Fadai Alireza , Mairhuber Andreas , Holzinger Katharina , Hochhauser Werner 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDie moderne Architektur ist seit Jahren bestrebt in Bezug auf Technik und Ästhetik mit transparenten Gebäudestrukturen neue Maßstäbe zu setzen. Jedoch wird der Baustoff Glas in den meisten Fällen nur als raumabschließendes Bauteil und nicht zur Lastabtragung in der Gebäudestruktur herangezogen. Im Rahmen des von der Österreichischen Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft geförderten Forschungsprojektes „Holz‐Glas‐Hybridbau | Berechnungs‐ und Bemessungskonzepte für geklebte, schubsteife Decken‐ und Dachelemente“ wird durch das Verbinden von Holz und Glas mittels konstruktiver Verklebung sowie Verklotzung versucht, das hochtragfähige Material Glas auch an der Gesamtaussteifung einer Gebäudetragstruktur maßgeblich zu beteiligen. Basierend auf den entwickelten Holz‐Glas‐Hybridelementen wird untersucht, inwieweit ein mehrgeschossiger Hochbau mithilfe einer Holz‐Glas‐Verbunddeckenkonstruktion ausgesteift werden kann. Hierfür wird in dem vorliegenden Beitrag eine Machbarkeitsstudie durchgeführt, um darzulegen, wo die Systemgrenzen des Aussteifungsvermögens dieser neuartigen Decken, in Abhängigkeit der Grundrissverhältnisse eines Gebäudes und der jeweiligen Gebäudeklasse nach den Richtlinien des Österreichischen Instituts für Bautechnik (OIB) liegen.Timber‐glass floor elements | Stiffening capacity in multi‐story building construction. Modern architecture has been trying for years to set new standards in terms of technology and aesthetics with transparent building structures. However, in most cases glass is only used as a space‐enclosing component and not for load transfer in the building structure. Within the research project “Timber‐glass hybrid composite | Calculation and design concepts for glued, shear‐resistant floor and roof elements”, funded by the Austrian Research Promotion Agency, the highly load‐bearing material glass is attempting to play a significant role in the overall stiffening of a building structure by joining timber and glass by means of constructive gluing as well as blocking. Based on the hybrid elements developed, it is investigated to what extent a multi‐story building construction can be stiffened by means of a timber‐glass composite floor construction. For this purpose, a feasibility study is carried out in the present paper to determine the system limits of the stiffening capacity of these novel floor elements, depending on the ground plan of a building and the respective building class according to the guidelines of the Austrian Institute of Construction Engineering (OIB).
Subkritisches Risswachstum in Glas in Abhängigkeit der Umgebungsbedingungen
Authors: Brokmann Christopher , Kolling Stefan , Schneider Jens 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIm vorliegenden Artikel wird das subkritische Risswachstum in Kalk‐Natron‐Silikatglas in Abhängigkeit von Temperatur und Feuchtigkeit untersucht. Dabei werden Risswachstumsparameter innerhalb einer Klimakammer mittels Doppelring‐Biegeversuchen ermittelt. Um gleichbleibende initiale Risslängen in allen Probekörpern zu erhalten, sind diese mittels Vickers‐Eindringprüfung vorgeschädigt. In einem numerischen Modell wird abschließend der Einfluss der am Riss vorhandenen Feuchtigkeit auf die Versagensspannung von Glas abgebildet und der Einfluss der in der Literatur vorhandenen Risswachstumsparameter auf das Versagen von Glas kritisch diskutiert.Subcritical crack growth in glass depending on environmental conditions. Subcritical crack growth in soda‐lime‐silicateglass is investigated under different environmental conditions. Crack growth parameters as a function of these conditions are determined by coaxial ring‐on‐ring tests. For a constant initial crack size in all specimen, the Vickers indentation tests was utilized. The influence of the present humidity at the crack tip on the failure strength of glass was simulated numerically. Finally, the general influence of the crack growth parameters available in literature on the failure of glass is discussed.
Tragverhalten von gebrochenem Verbundsicherheitsglas aus Einscheibensicherheitsglas im biaxialen Spannungszustand
Authors: Wellershoff Frank , Illguth Marcus , van der Horst Timo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAktuell werden numerische Modelle zur Beschreibung der Resttragfähigkeit von gebrochenen Verbundglasscheiben an verschiedenen Forschungseinrichtungen entwickelt. Hierzu kann auf hochentwickelte Finite‐Elemente‐Programme zurückgegriffen werden. Die Ingenieurkunst liegt im Aufbau eines Modells, das die Verformungen und das Versagen richtig abbildet. Entscheidend hierfür ist die Materialbeschreibung des gebrochenen Verbundglases. Durch Bauteilversuche im Bulge‐Test wird ein biaxialer Spannungszustand erzeugt. Verbundgläser aus Einscheibensicherheitsglas mit verschiedenen Folientypen wurden mit variierten Materialtemperaturen und Dehnraten getestet und die Spannungs‐Dehnungsbeziehungen im globalen Maßstab der Gesamtscheibe sowie im lokalen Maßstab auf Bruchstückgröße mit lokalen Foliendelaminationen untersucht. Auf dieser Basis wurden numerische Modelle entwickelt und verifiziert.Load‐bearing behaviour of broken laminated safety glass made of single‐pane safety glass in biaxial stress state. Currently, numerical models to describe the residual load‐bearing capacity of broken laminated glass are being developed at various research institutes. For this purpose, highly developed finite‐element‐programs can be used. The art of engineering lies in the construction of a model that correctly represents the deformations and failure. The decisive factor here is the material description of the broken laminated glass. A biaxial stress state is generated by component tests in the bulge test set up. Laminated tempered glass with different types of foils were tested with varying material temperatures and strain rates and the stress‐strain relationships were examined on a global scale of the entire pane and on a local scale for fragment size with local foil delamination. On this basis, numerical models were developed and verified.