bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EU Energy Policy: A Socio-Energy Perspective for an Inclusive Energy Transition
Authors: Mengolini Anna , Masera Marcelo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis chapter presents the evolution of EU energy policy, examining how concepts of inclusiveness and justice in energy have been progressively included in relevant energy policy documents. It discusses how EU energy policy has evolved to acknowledge the importance of the individual as well as the collective dimension of energy for an inclusive green transition. Recognizing the challenges linked to the translation of these concepts into concrete actions, the chapter elaborates a socio-energy system approach that can help in making visible important aspects of the energy transition that would go unrecognized in other analytical approaches that focus mainly on the technological side. There is an increasing awareness that the European Green Deal and other political initiatives for a sustainable future require not only technological change but also careful attention to the social implications of the transition. The chapter applies the proposed approach to smart metering technologies, discussing how the technology-centric view of the energy system is framed around the average consumer or early-adopter, leaving vulnerable groups and those living in energy poverty underrepresented. A socio-energy approach also challenges the predominant use of purely quantitative results such as energy or cost savings to evaluate the successfulness of initiatives tackling inclusiveness and fairness (e.g. energy poverty). Social outcomes of energy policy choices and technology arrangements need to be better investigated and accompanied by innovative ways to measure their success. The proposed socio-energy approach offers a way of including wider societal implications of the energy transition in the design of energy policies and in their implementation.
On a general bilinear functional equation
Authors: Bahyrycz Anna , Sikorska Justyna 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLet X, Y be linear spaces over a field $${\mathbb {K}}$$
K
. Assume that $$f :X^2\rightarrow Y$$

f
:

X
2

→
Y

satisfies the general linear equation with respect to the first and with respect to the second variables, that is, for all $$x,x_i,y,y_i \in X$$

x
,

x
i

,
y
,

y
i

∈
X

and with $$a_i,\,b_i \in {\mathbb {K}}{\setminus } \{0\}$$

a
i

,

b
i

∈
K
\

{
0
}

, $$A_i,\,B_i \in {\mathbb {K}}$$

A
i

,

B
i

∈
K

($$i \in \{1,2\}$$

i
∈
{
1
,
2
}

). It is easy to see that such a function satisfies the functional equation for all $$x_i,y_i \in X$$

x
i

,

y
i

∈
X

($$i \in \{1,2\}$$

i
∈
{
1
,
2
}

), where $$C_1:=A_1B_1$$

C
1

:
=

A
1

B
1

, $$C_2:=A_1B_2$$

C
2

:
=

A
1

B
2

, $$C_3:=A_2B_1$$

C
3

:
=

A
2

B
1

, $$C_4:=A_2B_2$$

C
4

:
=

A
2

B
2

. We describe the form of solutions and study relations between $$(*)$$

(

∗
)

and $$(**)$$

(

∗

∗
)

.
Integrated prognostication of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by contrast-enhanced computed tomography: the adjunct yield of radiomics
Authors: Silva Mario , Maddalo Michele , Leoni Eleonora , Giuliotti Sara , Milanese Gianluca , Ghetti Caterina , Biasini Elisabetta , De Filippo Massimo , Missale Gabriele , Sverzellati Nicola 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To test radiomics for prognostication of intrahepatic mass-forming cholangiocarcinoma (IMCC) and to develop a comprehensive risk model.

Methods
Histologically proven IMCC (representing the full range of stages) were retrospectively analyzed by volume segmentation on baseline hepatic venous phase computed tomography (CT), by two readers with different experience (R1 and R2). Morphological CT features included: tumor size, hepatic satellite lesions, lymph node and distant metastases. Radiomic features (RF) were compared across CT protocols and readers. Univariate analysis against overall survival (OS) warranted ranking and selection of RF into radiomic signature (RSign), which was dichotomized into high and low-risk strata (RSign*). Models without and with RSign* (Model 1 and 2, respectively) were compared.

Results
Among 78 patients (median follow-up 262 days, IQR 73–957), 62/78 (79%) died during the study period, 46/78 (59%) died within 1 year. Up to 10% RF showed variability across CT protocols; 37/108 (34%) RF showed variability due to manual segmentation. RSign stratified OS (univariate: HR 1.37 for R1, HR 1.28 for R2), RSign* was different between readers (R1 0.39; R2 0.57). Model 1 showed AUC 0.71, which increased in Model 2: AUC 0.81 (p < 0.001) and AIC 89 for R1, AUC 0.81 (p = 0.001) and AIC 90.2 for R2.

Conclusion
The use of RF into a unified RSign score stratified OS in patients with IMCC. Dichotomized RSign* classified survival strata, its inclusion in risk models showed adjunct yield. The cut-off value of RSign* was different between readers, suggesting that the use of reference values is hampered by interobserver variability.
ECOG and BMI as preoperative risk factors for severe postoperative complications in ovarian cancer patients: results of a prospective study (RISC-GYN—trial)
Authors: Inci Melisa Guelhan , Rasch Julia , Woopen Hannah , Mueller Kristina , Richter Rolf , Sehouli Jalid 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Accompanying co-morbidities in patients with ovarian cancer are of major relevance for scheduling debulking surgery, especially in the anesthesiological consultations. Aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of co-morbidities and patient characteristics on postoperative complications.

Methods
Patients undergoing maximal cytoreductive surgery were prospectively enrolled from October 2015 to January 2017. Various variables were recorded, such as the Charlson comorbidity index, Eastern cooperative oncology group scale of performance status (ECOG PS) and the American society of anesthesiologists physical status classification system (ASA PS). Surgical complications were graded using the Clavien–Dindo criteria. Logistic regression models were used to analyze risk factors for severe postoperative complications.

Results
Of 106 enrolled patients, 19 (17.9%) developed severe postoperative complications grade ≥ IIIb according to Clavien–Dindo criteria. In the multivariable regression analysis impaired (ECOG PS) > 1 (odds ratio OR) 13.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.74–102.30, p = 0.01), body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2 (OR 10.48, 95% CI 2.38–46.02, p = 0.002) along with the use of intraoperative norepinephrine > 0.11 µg/kg/min (OR 4.69, 95% CI 1.13–19.46, p = 0.03) and intraoperative fresh frozen plasma (FFP) > 17 units (OR 4.11, 95% CI 1.12–15.14, p = 0.03) appeared as significant predictors of severe postoperative complications.

Conclusion
We demonstrated that neither the presence of a certain comorbidity nor the summation of the co-morbidities were associated with adverse outcome. Patient characteristics, such as ECOG PS > 1 and obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m2), are highly predictive factors for severe postoperative complications. The analysis of intraoperative data showed that the need for more than > 0.11 µg/kg/min of norepinephrine and transfusions of FFPs more than 17 units were strongly associated with severe postoperative complications.
H3K27me3 immunostaining is diagnostic and prognostic in diffuse gliomas with oligodendroglial or mixed oligoastrocytic morphology
Authors: Ammendola Serena , Caldonazzi Nicolò , Simbolo Michele , Piredda Maria Liliana , Brunelli Matteo , Poliani Pietro Luigi , Pinna Giampietro , Sala Francesco , Ghimenton Claudio , Scarpa Aldo , Barresi Valeria 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOligodendroglioma is defined by IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion. The latter is mutually exclusive to ATRX immunohistochemical loss and has been recently associated with the loss of H3K27me3 immunostaining. We aimed to assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of H3K27me3 immuno-expression in diffuse gliomas with oligodendroglial or mixed oligoastrocytic morphology. H3K27me3 immunostaining was performed in 69 diffuse gliomas with oligodendroglial (n = 62) or oligoastrocytic (n = 7) morphology. The integration with routinely assessed IDH mutations, ATRX immunostaining, and 1p/19q codeletion classified these cases as 60 oligodendroglial and 9 astrocytic. H3K27me3 was lost in 58/60 oligodendrogliomas with retained (n = 47) or non-conclusive (n = 11) ATRX staining, 3/6 IDH-mutant astrocytomas with ATRX loss, and 3/3 IDH-wt astrocytomas. H3K27me3 was retained in 2/60 oligodendrogliomas with retained ATRX, and in 3/6 IDH-mutant astrocytomas, two of which had lost and one retained ATRX. The combination of H3K27me3 and ATRX immunostainings with IDH mutational status correctly classified 55/69 (80%) cases. In IDH-mutant gliomas, ATRX loss indicates astrocytic phenotype, while ATRX retention and H3K27me3 loss identify oligodendroglial phenotype. Only 14 (20%) IDH-mutant cases with retained ATRX and H3K27me3 or inconclusive ATRX immunostaining would have requested 1p/19q codeletion testing to be classified. Furthermore, H3K27me3 retention was associated with significantly shorter relapse-free survival (P < 0.0001), independently from IDH mutation or 1p/19q codeletion (P < 0.005). Our data suggest that adding H3K27me3 immunostaining to the diagnostic workflow of diffuse gliomas with oligodendroglial or mixed morphology is useful for drastically reducing the number of cases requiring 1p/19q codeletion testing and providing relevant prognostic information.
Personality matters: relationship between personality characteristics, spirituality, demoralization, and perceived quality of life in a sample of end-of-life cancer patients
Authors: Ghiggia Ada , Pierotti Vanni , Tesio Valentina , Bovero Andrea 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurposePersonality could be an interesting dimension to explore in end-of-life cancer patients, in order to investigate how personality affects quality of life. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship among personality through the Big Five Inventory (BFI), spirituality, and demoralization and to explore their impact on their quality of life.MethodsA sample of 210 end-of-life Italian cancer patients were assessed with the BFI, the Demoralization Scale (DS), the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT-SP-12), the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale–General Measure (FACT-G), and the Karnofsky performance status.ResultsCorrelational analysis highlighted a significantly negative relationship between extraversion and agreeableness traits and all the demoralization dimensions. On the other side, neuroticism trait was significantly and positively correlated with the Demoralization Scale (p < 0.01). To understand the impact of these variables on quality of life (FACT-G), we performed a hierarchical multiple regression: in the final model, demoralization remained the strongest contributing factor (β =  − 0.509,p < 0.001), followed by neuroticism (β =  − 0.175,p < 0.001), spirituality (β = 0.163,p = 0.015), and Karnofsky index (β = 0.115,p = 0.012).ConclusionOur data underlined how both the neuroticism trait and demoralization are correlated with a worst health status in terminal cancer patients, whereas spirituality is a protective factor. The study of personality may allow to better understand the inner patient’s experience and improve communication between patient and healthcare staff in order to build and apply better-tailored psychological treatment.
How I do it: parietal trans-sulcal para-fascicular approach to lateral thalamic/internal capsule cavernous malformation
Authors: Amoo Michael , Sweeney Kieron J. , Kilbride Ronan , Javadpour Mohsen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The surgical management of deep brain lesions is challenging, with significant morbidity. Advances in surgical technology have presented the opportunity to tackle these lesions.

Methods
We performed a complete resection of a thalamic/internal capsule CM using a tubular retractor system via a parietal trans-sulcal para-fascicular (PTPF) approach without collateral injury to the nearby white matter tracts.

Conclusion
PTPF approach to lateral thalamic/internal capsule lesions can be safely performed without injury to eloquent white matter fibres. The paucity of major vessels along this trajectory and the preservation of lateral ventricle integrity make this approach a feasible alternative to traditional approaches.
Erfahrungen von Wiener Psychotherapeut_innen mit der Antragstellung und Bewilligungspraxis der Krankenkassen
Authors: Schigl Brigitte , Lerch Leonore , Rohner Julia 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungIn dem Online-Survey wurden die Erfahrungen von Wiener Psychotherapeut_innen (n = 380) mit dem Procedere der Antragstellung bzgl. Kostenzuschuss für Psychotherapie sowie der Bewilligungspraxis der Krankenkassen erhoben. Ziel war es, Veränderungen und aktuellen Stand des Umgangs mit Bewilligungen im Vergleich der Krankenkassen aus Sicht der Wiener Psychotherapeut_innen aufzuzeigen, da vermehrt Probleme berichtet wurden. Die deskriptiv dargestellten qualitativen und quantitativen Ergebnisse beziehen sich auf strukturelle/operationale Aspekte und patient_innenbezogene Dynamiken. In den Ergebnissen zeigen sich v. a. berichtete Schwierigkeiten mit zwei Krankenkassen, die auf eine Ungleichbehandlung der Patient_innen durch die einzelnen Versicherungsträger schließen lassen.
The RERS challenge: towards controllable and scalable benchmark synthesis
Authors: Howar Falk , Jasper Marc , Mues Malte , Schmidt David , Steffen Bernhard 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper (1) summarizes the history of the RERS challenge for the analysis and verification of reactive systems, its profile and intentions, its relation to other competitions, and, in particular, its evolution due to the feedback of participants, and (2) presents the most recent development concerning the synthesis of hard benchmark problems. In particular, the second part proposes a way to tailor benchmarks according to the depths to which programs have to be investigated in order to find all errors. This gives benchmark designers a method to challenge contributors that try to perform well by excessive guessing.
Rethinking construction in preschool: discerning didactic strategies in Swedish preschool activities
Authors: Boström Johan , Hultén Magnus , Gyberg Per 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEven though construction tasks have a long history as an activity in the Swedish preschool, technology as a content matter (e.g., construction) is relatively new. Hence, preschool teachers are generally unsure of the content of technology and how to handle it from a teaching perspective. Thus, there is need for deeper understanding of how construction tasks in preschool can be enacted and what kind of premises are offered to the children. To investigate this, we took our stance in activity theory and the concepts of mediating artifacts, rules and division of labour. This helped us discern what type of instructional practices that were enacted by preschool teachers when working with construction tasks. Activity theory in combination with thematic analysis helped us distinguish four general didactic actions that the teachers used to bring about the construction task—to engage, to guide, to coordinate, to show. These four strategies were then formulated into specific technology didactic actions through the perspectives of technology as product, process and concepts.
Reducing fire risk in buildings: the role of fire safety expertise and governance in building and planning approval
Authors: Benson C. M. , Elsmore S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFollowing the Grenfell tower incident, fire safety is being re-examined around the world. One key area is planning and building approval. It has been suggested that expert fire authority advice is being ignored in building and planning control. In this paper, freedom of information requests were submitted to fifty local government authorities (covering approx. one quarter of the England and Wales population), and three fire authorities, to examine their consultation process. No prior study has examined this relationship in detail. This work attempts to identify who is assessing fire safety, what expertise exists in the system, and what guidance is available from central government. The impact of austerity on the ability to effectively manage fire safety is also discussed. Results show local government authorities have a large degree of discretion with no guidance from central government on fire safety expertise needed to assess non-prescriptive building standards, and only limited guidance on how fire authority advice should be used by local government. The result is a dramatically different level of engagement of fire authorities, and implementation of fire safety advice. There does not appear to be any guarantee that fire expertise is being employed for the purpose of fire safety in building/planning processes. This means the building regulatory regime may be one of the many issues contributing to fire safety issues. Stronger legislation is required to prevent a post-code lottery of fire safety implementation.
Defining clinical pharmacy and support activities indicators for hospital practice using a combined nominal and focus group technique
Authors: Lopes Hugo , Lopes Andrea Rodrigues , Farinha Helena , Martins Ana Paula 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground Although clinical pharmacy is a crucial part of hospital pharmacist’s day-to-day activity, its performance is not usually subject to a holistic assessment. Objective To define a set of relevant and measurable clinical pharmacy and support activities key performance indicators (cpKPI and saKPI, respectively). Setting Portuguese Hospital Pharmacies. Method After a comprehensive literature review focusing on the metrics already in use in other countries, several meetings with directors of hospital pharmacies were conducted to obtain their perspectives on hospital pharmacy practices and existing metrics. Finally, five rounds with a panel of 8 experts were performed to define the final set of KPIs, where experts were asked to score each indicator’ relevance and measurability, and encouraged to suggest new metrics. Main outcome measure The first Portuguese list of KPIs to assess pharmacists’ clinical and support activities performance and quality in hospital pharmacies. Results A total of 136 KPIs were assessed during this study, of which 57 were included in the original list and 79 were later added by the expert panel. By the end of the study, a total of 85 indicators were included in the final list, of which 40 are considered to be saKPI, 39 cpKPI and 6 neither. Conclusion A set of measurable KPIs was established to allow for benchmarking within and between Portuguese hospital Pharmacies and to elevate professional accountability and transparency. Future perspectives include the use of both cpKPIs and saKPIs on a national scale to identify the most efficient performances and areas of possible improvement.
Development of Microstructure and Properties of Multicomponent MoS2/HA/PEEK Coatings on a Titanium Alloy Via Electrophoretic Deposition and Heat Treatment
Authors: Kuśmierczyk Filip , Zimowski Sławomir , Łukaszczyk Alicja , Kopia Agnieszka , Cieniek Łukasz , Moskalewicz Tomasz 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this study, molybdenum disulfide nanosheets, bioactive hydroxyapatite particles of two types in various amounts, and PEEK 704 microparticles were electrophoretically co-deposited to fabricate multicomponent coatings on Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy substrates. A mixture of pure ethanol and cationic chitosan polyelectrolyte was used as a dispersion medium. The kinetics and mechanism of deposition were investigated. The kinetics depended significantly on the suspension’s chemical composition and the voltage used during EPD. Cationic chitosan provided the steric stabilization of the suspension and enabled cathodic co-deposition of all coating components. Green macroscopically homogeneous coatings were subsequently heat treated. The treatment densified the coatings and caused the formation of a stable semi-crystalline PEEK matrix consisting of spherulites. The MoS2 nanosheet packages, separate HA particles and their agglomerates were embedded in the coating matrix. After heat treatment, both types of coatings, differing in HA type, were characterized by excellent adhesion to the substrate and moderate scratch resistance. During surface topography investigation, it was found that coatings containing smaller HA nanoparticles had a slightly lower surface roughness. The coatings raised the corrosion resistance of the titanium alloy substrate in Ringer’s solution. The possibility of the electrophoretic co-deposition of various ceramic and PEEK particles to develop multicomponent coatings, as well as their contribution to enhancing titanium alloy surface properties, represents an important input in further developing superior bioactive titanium implants.
Biology of primary breast cancer in older women beyond routine biomarkers
Authors: Parks R. M. , Alfarsi L. H. , Green A. R. , Cheung K. L. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
There are numerous biomarkers which may have potential predictive and prognostic significance in breast cancer. This is extremely important in older adults, who may opt for less aggressive therapy. This work outlines the literature on biological assessment outside of standard biomarkers (defined as ER, PgR, HER2, Ki67) in women ≥ 65 years with primary operable invasive breast cancer, to determine which additional biomarkers are relevant to outcome in older women.

Methods
Medline and Embase databases were searched. Studies were eligible if included ≥ 50 patients aged ≥ 65 years; stratified results by age; measured a biomarker outside of standard assay and reported patient data.

Results
A total of 12 studies were appraised involving 5000 patients, measuring 28 biomarkers. The studies were extremely varied in methodology and outcome but three themes emerged: 1. Differences in biomarker expression between younger and older women, indicating that breast cancer in older women is generally less aggressive compared to younger women; 2. Relationship of biomarker expression with survival, suggesting biomarkers which may exclusively predict response to primary treatment in older women; 3. Association of biomarker with chemotherapy, suggesting that older patients should not be declined chemotherapy based on age alone.

Conclusion
There is evidence to support further investigation of B-cell lymphoma (BCL2), liver kinase (LK)B1, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), cytoplasmic cyclin-E, mucin (MUC)1 and cytokeratins (CKs) as potential predictive or prognostic markers in older women with breast cancer undergoing surgery. Studies exploring these biomarkers in larger cohorts and in women undergoing non-operative therapies are required.
Structural Behaviour and Fire Design of Duplex and Ferritic Stainless Steel CHS Stub Columns
Authors: Mohammed Asif , Cashell Katherine A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper investigates the structural behaviour and design of duplex and ferritic stainless steel stub columns with a circular hollow cross-section (CHS) at elevated temperature. A numerical model is developed to supplement the limited test results on stainless steel CHS stub columns in the literature. Following validation, the numerical approach is employed to gain an understanding of the critical behavioural characteristics which have not previously been studied. In addition, the paper considers and extends the continuous strength method (CSM) to include duplex and ferritic stainless steel for CHS stub columns in fire. The CSM employs a base curve linking the cross-section resistance to its deformation capacity and implements an elastic, linear hardening material model. The cross-sectional resistances obtained from the proposed CSM are compared with those from the numerical analysis, as well as with the standardised procedures in the European, American and Australia/New Zealand design standards. It is demonstrated that CSM can lead to more accurate and less scattered strength predictions than current design codes.