bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on helminths from Mexican amphibians: gaps, trends, and biases
Authors: Cabrera-Guzmán E. , Papeş M. , García-Prieto L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe present a taxonomic, spatial, and thematic overview of the current state of knowledge on helminth parasites of Mexican amphibians. Sixty-six host species have been studied so far, representing 17.5% of the amphibian species distributed in Mexico. A total of 139 nominal species of helminths – 68 platyhelminths, 62 nematodes, three acanthocephalans, three annelids (hirudineans), and three arthropods (pentastomids) – have been recorded parasitizing these hosts. Most taxa found in larval stages have not been identified at the species level. The gastrointestinal nematodeAplectana itzocanensisexhibits the broadest host range, while the bladder flukeGorgoderina attenuataandA. itzocanensisshow the widest geographic distribution. Our analysis of helminthological studies evidenced gaps and biases on research efforts that have been devoted to relatively few host species, regions, and approaches. Most helminthological records come from two species, the cane toadRhinella marinaand the Montezuma's frogLithobates montezumae, and most studies have focused on describing the helminth fauna of a host species in a particular location or on the description of new helminth species. The highest proportion of records corresponds to the Veracruzan biogeographic province, and helminth richness is significantly correlated with host richness and with total amphibian richness by biogeographic province. Only three provinces (Yucatan Peninsula, Pacific Lowlands, and Baja Californian) have positive, yet still low helminth species discovery effort. Based on our findings, we recommend pursuing research approaches unexplored in Mexico and we provide guidelines to improve research on helminths parasitizing amphibians.
NAVIGATION PATHS AND URBANISM IN THE BASIN OF MEXICO BEFORE THE CONQUEST
Authors: Biar Alexandra 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe island nature of the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan, is an under-studied aspect in our understanding of this unique urban space, located in the Mexican highlands of Mesoamerica. The island location induces cross-links from aquatic and terrestrial paths to create connectivity and continuity within the lacustrine cultural landscape of the Basin of Mexico during the Postclassic period (a.d.900–1521). Although Cortés described this city as the “Venice of the New World,” no specific and systematic investigation of facilities related to water transport has been carried out. In this article, I fill this gap through a study of navigation routes which were conceived to facilitate the continuous movement of people and goods through the numerous canals crisscrossing the Aztec capital, and which are identifiable by means of anthropic markers that respond to functional needs. Transition zones (piers, quays, shoreline areas), coordination zones (ports), and activity zones (customs facilities, warehouses, bridges, sacred sites) are all related to the practice of water transport and intimately related to terrestrial roads. I identify and locate these areas using a multidisciplinary methodology based on archaeological data, ethnohistorical testimonies, and pictographic and iconographic documents.
Wernicke encephalopathy in a caregiver: A serious physical issue resulting from stress in a family member caring for an advanced cancer patient
Authors: Ishida Mayumi , Uchida Nozomu , Yoshioka Akira , Sato Izumi , Hamaguchi Tetsuya , Horita Yosuke , Mihara Yoshiaki , Onishi Hideki 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveIt is well known that the burden on the families of cancer patient extends across many aspects, but there have been no reports of family members developing delirium due to the burden of caring for a cancer patient.MethodsWe reported a caregiver who developed Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) while caring for a family member with advanced cancer.ResultsThe subject was a 71-year-old woman who had been caring for her husband, diagnosed with gastric cancer and liver metastases, for 5 months. She visited the “caregivers’ clinic” after referral by an oncologist who was worried about a deterioration in her mental condition that had appeared several weeks previously. The woman had a history of diabetes mellitus. Some giddiness was observed and, based on her inability to answer questions, her level of consciousness was checked and some disorientation was observed. She was diagnosed with delirium. A blood sample was collected to investigate the cause of the delirium, but the test data showed no hypoglycemia. Her appetite had declined since her husband was diagnosed with cancer. Thiamine deficiency was suspected as thiamine stores in the body are depleted within about 18 days and her loss of appetite had continued for 5 months. On intravenous injection of 100 mg of thiamine, her consciousness level was returned to normal in 1 h. A diagnosis of WE was supported by the patient's abnormally low serum thiamine level.Significance of the resultsThe family members of cancer patients may develop a loss of appetite due to the burden of caring, resulting in WE. When providing care for signs of distress in family members, it is necessary to pay attention not only to the psychological aspects but also to their level of consciousness and physical aspects, particularly the possibility of serious illness resulting from reduced nutritional status.
Christian Interest Groups in A Religiously Changing United Kingdom: Issues, Strategies, Influence
Authors: Gover Daniel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractChristianity is in long-term decline in the United Kingdom, with decreasing levels of affiliation, practice, belief, and social authority. At the same time, however, Britain's churches and the faith they represent remain deeply embedded within culture and society. This paper offers the most comprehensive analysis to date of how the “sector” of UK Christian interest groups—that is, organizations with a Christian character that seek to influence government policy—operates within this changing socio-religious context. Based on survey and interview data, it examines the extent of Christian interest group activity in the UK, before assessing their issue agendas, lobbying strategies, and influence. The results indicate that the activities of Christian interest groups have been affected by decline, but also by Christianity's continued strengths within society. These findings provide a basis for deeper investigation of Christianity's political influence in the UK, and will also have implications beyond this case.
Assessing the Rotation and Segmentation of the Porcupine Bank, Irish Atlantic Margin, During Oblique Rifting Using Deformable Plate Reconstruction
Authors: Yang Pei , Welford J. Kim , King Michael T. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPublished plate reconstructions have provided insights regarding the formation of the North Atlantic, in which the motion of the Porcupine Bank, on the Irish Atlantic margin, underlain by orogenic pre‐rift crustal basement terranes, is investigated and restored. Previous reconstructions of the Porcupine Bank mainly relied on potential field data rather than seismic constraints and failed to reveal the role of inherited crustal terranes during rifting and subsequent crustal deformation. In this study, five deformable plate tectonic models with distinct structural inheritance trends are established in GPlates by adjusting a previously published restoration model for the North Atlantic. For each model, driving factors such as the inclusion of the Orphan Knoll, the Flemish Cap poles of rotation, and the motion of the eastern border of the Porcupine Basin are also considered. To assess the validity of deformable plate models, crustal thickness estimates obtained from gravity inversion and seismic data modeling are compared with those calculated via deformable plate models. The preferred deformable plate model proposes the subdivision of the Porcupine Bank into four blocks with each block experiencing poly‐phased rotation and shearing prior to the final continental breakup, implying strong inheritance and segmentation of the Porcupine Bank and Porcupine Basin. The reconstructed paleo‐positions of the Flemish Cap and Porcupine Bank within deformable regions reveal evolving conjugate relationships during rifting, which are assessed using regional seismic transects from both margins. Finally, extensional obliquity between both margins is quantitatively restored, showing time‐variant orientations due to the rotation and shearing of associated continental blocks.
Spatial Damped Anomaly Persistence of the Sea Ice Edge as a Benchmark for Dynamical Forecast Systems
Authors: Niraula Bimochan , Goessling Helge F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAccelerated loss of the sea‐ice cover and increased human activities in the Arctic emphasize the need for skillful prediction of sea‐ice conditions at subseasonal to seasonal (S2S) timescales. To assess the quality of predictions, dynamical forecast systems can be benchmarked against reference forecasts based on present and past observations of the ice edge. However, the simplest types of reference forecasts—persistence of the present state and climatology—do not exploit the observations optimally and thus lead to an overestimation of forecast skill. For spatial objects such as the ice‐edge location, the development of damped‐persistence forecasts that combine persistence and climatology in a meaningful way poses a challenge. We have developed a probabilistic reference forecast method that combines the climatologically derived probability of ice presence with initial anomalies of the ice‐edge location, both derived from satellite sea‐ice concentration data. No other observations, such as sea‐surface temperature or sea‐ice thickness, are used. We have tested and optimized the method based on minimization of the Spatial Probability Score. The resulting Spatial Damped Anomaly Persistence forecasts clearly outperform both simple persistence and climatology at subseasonal timescales. The benchmark is about as skillful as the best‐performing dynamical forecast system in the S2S database. Despite using only sea‐ice concentration observations, the method provides a challenging benchmark to assess the added value of dynamical forecast systems.
A Modified Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (VPRM) for the Eastern USA and Canada, Evaluated With Comparison to Atmospheric Observations and Other Biospheric Models
Authors: Gourdji Sharon M. , Karion Anna , Lopez‐Coto Israel , Ghosh Subhomoy , Mueller Kimberly L. , Zhou Yu , Williams Christopher A. , Baker Ian T. , Haynes Katharine D. , Whetstone James R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAtmospheric CO2 measurements from a dense surface network can help to evaluate terrestrial biosphere model (TBM) simulations of Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) with two key benefits. First, gridded CO2 flux estimates can be evaluated over regional scales, not possible using flux tower observations at discrete locations for model evaluation. Second, TBM ability to explain atmospheric CO2 fluctuations due to the biosphere can be directly tested, an important objective for anthropogenic emissions monitoring using atmospheric observations. Here, we customize the Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (VPRM) for an eastern North American domain with strong biological activity upwind of urban areas. Parameters are optimized using flux tower observations from a historical database with sites in (and near) the domain. In addition, the respiration model (originally a linear function of temperature) is modified to account for impacts of changing foliage, non‐linear temperature, and water stress. Flux estimates from VPRM, the Carnegie‐Ames‐Stanford Approach (CASA) model and the Simple Biosphere Model v4 (SiB4), are convolved with footprints from atmospheric transport models for evaluation with CO2 observations at 21 towers in the domain, with roughly half of the towers used here for the first time. Results show that the new respiration model in VPRM helps to correct a growing season sink bias in the atmosphere associated with underestimated summertime respiration using the original model with annual parameters. The new VPRM also better explains fine‐scale atmospheric CO2 variability compared to other TBMs, due to higher resolution diagnostic phenology, the new respiration model, domain‐specific parameters, and high‐quality input data sets.
Solar EUV‐Enhancement and Thermospheric Disturbances
Authors: Briand C. , Doerksen K. , Deleflie F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe increase of energetic electromagnetic flux during solar flares and particle precipitation during geomagnetic activity are among the most important sources of neutral density disturbances to the Earth's thermosphere. However, disentangling the role of X and EUV radiation during solar flares is difficult due to the rarity of sufficiently isolated EUV‐enhancements. Past work investigating the role of EUV‐enhancements has been based on simulations only. This study focuses on the analysis of the response of the thermosphere to relatively long‐lasting (between 1 and 2 days) EUV‐enhancements. These events take place in isolation from coronal mass ejections, but often occur during the recovery phase of flare events. Using the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment and Challenging Minisatellite Payload accelerometer‐derived density datasets, we show that the EUV‐enhancements slow the thermosphere's recovery from a flare, and maintain a high level density perturbation “plateau” lasting several hours. The level of disturbance was found to be between 30% and 70% compared to the thermosphere's density without any disturbance. The duration of this plateau is long enough that it may be important for estimating satellite drag. Over the duration of the EUV‐enhancements, Dst drops are also observed, indicating ring current activity. The proposed physical mechanism driving the Dst changes is linked to the increased production of O+ ions of ionospheric origin, which may occur over the EUV‐enhancement period.
A measured energy use, solar production, and building air leakage dataset for a zero energy commercial building
Authors: Agee Philip , Nikdel Leila , Roberts Sydney 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper provides an open dataset of measured energy use, solar energy production, and building air leakage data from a 328 m2 (3,531 ft2) all-electric, zero energy commercial building in Virginia, USA. Over two years of energy use data were collected at 1-hour intervals using circuit-level energy monitors. Over six years of solar energy production data were measured at 1-hour resolution by 56 microinverters (presented as daily and monthly data in this dataset). The building air leakage data was measured post-construction per ASTM-E779 Standard Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by Fan Pressurization and the United States Army Corps (USACE) Building Enclosure Testing procedure; both pressurization and depressurization results are provided. The architectural and engineering (AE) documents are provided to aid researchers and practitioners in reliable modeling of building performance. The paper describes the data collection methods, cleaning, and convergence with weather data. This dataset can be employed to predict, benchmark, and calibrate operational outcomes in zero energy commercial buildings.
BSE49, a diverse, high-quality benchmark dataset of separation energies of chemical bonds
Authors: Prasad Viki Kumar , Khalilian M. Hossein , Otero-de-la-Roza Alberto , DiLabio Gino A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe present an extensive and diverse dataset of bond separation energies associated with the homolytic cleavage of covalently bonded molecules (A-B) into their corresponding radical fragments (A.﻿ and B.﻿). Our dataset contains two different classifications of model structures referred to as “Existing”(molecules with associated experimental data) and“Hypothetical”(molecules with no associated experimental data). In total, the dataset consists of 4502 datapoints (1969 datapoints from theExistingand 2533 datapoints from theHypotheticalclasses). The dataset covers 49 unique X-Y type single bonds (except H-H, H-F, and H-Cl), where X and Y are H, B, C, N, O, F, Si, P, S, and Cl atoms. All the reference data was calculated at the (RO)CBS-QB3 level of theory. The reference bond separation energies are non-relativistic ground-state energy differences and contain no zero-point energy corrections. This new dataset of bond separation energies (BSE49) is presented as a high-quality reference dataset for assessing and developing computational chemistry methods.
Long-term sequelae are highly prevalent one year after hospitalization for severe COVID-19
Authors: Bellan Mattia , Baricich Alessio , Patrucco Filippo , Zeppegno Patrizia , Gramaglia Carla , Balbo Piero Emilio , Carriero Alessandro , Amico Chiara Santa , Avanzi Gian Carlo , Barini Michela , Battaglia Marco , Bor Simone , Cantaluppi Vincenzo , Cappellano Giuseppe , Ceruti Federico , Chiocchetti Annalisa , Clivati Elisa , Giordano Mara , Cuneo Daria , Gambaro Eleonora , Gattoni Eleonora , Loro Alberto , Manfredi Marcello , Morosini Umberto , Murano Francesco , Paracchini Elena , Patti Giuseppe , Pinato David James , Raineri Davide , Rolla Roberta , Sainaghi Pier Paolo , Tricca Stefano , Pirisi Mario 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMany coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) survivors show symptoms months after acute illness. The aim of this work is to describe the clinical evolution of Covid-19, one year after discharge. We performed a prospective cohort study on 238 patients previously hospitalized for Covid-19 pneumonia in 2020 who already underwent clinical follow-up 4 months post-Covid-19. 200 consented to participate to a 12-months clinical assessment, including: pulmonary function tests with diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO); post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms evaluation by the Impact of Event Scale (IES); motor function evaluation (by Short Physical Performance Battery and 2 min walking test); chest Computed Tomography (CT). After 366 [363–369] days, 79 patients (39.5%) reported at least one symptom. A DLCO < 80% was observed in 96 patients (49.0%). Severe DLCO impairment (< 60%) was reported in 20 patients (10.2%), related to extent of CT scan abnormalities. Some degree of motor impairment was observed in 25.8% of subjects. 37/200 patients (18.5%) showed moderate-to-severe PTS symptoms. In the time elapsed from 4 to 12 months after hospital discharge, motor function improves, while respiratory function does not, being accompanied by evidence of lung structural damage. Symptoms remain highly prevalent one year after acute illness.
AMMI and GGE biplot analysis for yield performance and stability assessment of selected Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.) genotypes under the multi-environmental trials (METs)
Authors: Khan Md Mahmudul Hasan , Rafii Mohd Y. , Ramlee Shairul Izan , Jusoh Mashitah , Al Mamun Md 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe stability and high yielding ofVigna subterraneaL. Verdc. genotype is an important factor for long-term development and food security. The effects of G × E interaction on yield stability in 30 Bambara groundnut genotypes in four different Malaysian environments were investigated in this research. The experiment used a randomized complete block design with three replications in each environment. Over multiple harvests, yield component traits such as the total number of pods per plant, fresh pods weight (g), hundred seeds weight (g), and yield per hectare were evaluated in the main and off-season in 2020 and 2021. Stability tests for multivariate stability parameters were performed based on analyses of variance. For all the traits, the pooled analysis of variance revealed highly significant (p < 0.01) variations between genotypes, locations, seasons, and genotypes by environment (G × E interaction). A two-dimensional GGE biplot was generated using the first two principal components (axis 1 and axis 2), which accounted for 94.97% and 3.11% difference in GEI for yield per hectare, respectively. Season and location were found to be the most significant causes of yield heterogeneity, accounting for 31.13% and 14.02% of overall G + E + G × E variation, respectively, according to the combined study of variance. The GGE biplot revealed that the three winning genotypes G1, G3, and G5 appear across environments whereas AMMI model exposed genotypes viz G18, G14, G7, G3, G1, and G5 as best performer. Based on ideal genotype ranking genotype G1 was the best performer, with a high mean yield and high stability in the tested environment. According to the AEC line, genotypes G1 and G3 were extremely stable, while genotypes G2 and G4 were low stable, with a high average yielding per hectare. A GGE and AMMI biplot graphically showed the interrelationships between the tested environment and genotypes, classified genotypes into three categories as well as simplifying visual evaluations, according to this investigation. According to our results, breeding could improve yield production, and the genotypes discovered could be recommended for commercial cultivation.
Finite element analysis relating shape, material properties, and dimensions of taenioglossan radular teeth with trophic specialisations in Paludomidae (Gastropoda)
Authors: Krings Wencke , Marcé-Nogué Jordi , Gorb Stanislav N. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe radula, a chitinous membrane with embedded tooth rows, is the molluscan autapomorphy for feeding. The morphologies, arrangements and mechanical properties of teeth can vary between taxa, which is usually interpreted as adaptation to food. In previous studies, we proposed about trophic and other functional specialisations in taenioglossan radulae from species of African paludomid gastropods. These were based on the analysis of shape, material properties, force-resistance, and the mechanical behaviour of teeth, when interacting with an obstacle. The latter was previously simulated for one species (Spekia zonata) by the finite-element-analysis (FEA) and, for more species, observed in experiments. In the here presented work we test the previous hypotheses by applying the FEA on 3D modelled radulae, with incorporated material properties, from three additional paludomid species. These species forage either on algae attached to rocks (Lavigeria grandis), covering sand (Cleopatra johnstoni), or attached to plant surface and covering sand (Bridouxia grandidieriana). Since the analysed radulae vary greatly in their general size (e.g. width) and size of teeth between species, we additionally aimed at relating the simulated stress and strain distributions with the tooth sizes by altering the force/volume. For this purpose, we also includedS. zonataagain in the present study. Our FEA results show that smaller radulae are more affected by stress and strain than larger ones, when each tooth is loaded with the same force. However, the results are not fully in congruence with results from the previous breaking stress experiments, indicating that besides the parameter size, more mechanisms leading to reduced stress/strain must be present in radulae.