bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vascular Access Use Among Hemodialysis Patients and Competency of Nurses at National Kidney Centre, Nepal
Authors: Basnet Nabin Bahadur , Shrestha Jeena , Ghatani Sangita Raj , Regmi Subhadra , Bhandari Shrijana , Kafle Rishi Kumar 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Vascular access are a prerequisite for hemodialysis and good care by nurses is key to their longevity. A pattern of vascular access use has not been assessed previously nor the competency of nurses to identify the gaps in knowledge and skills. This study aims to describe vascular access use and nursing competency at National Kidney Centre.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done to obtain demographic information and history of vascular access of patients. Vascular access was examined. Demographic and professional information of nurses were collected. A quiz based on KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines and a visual analogue scale to indicate confidence in managing vascular access were administered to the nurses.
Results: Four-hundred seventy-two patients and 70 nurses were recruited. The proportion of patients with an arteriovenous fistula, arteriovenous graft, tunneled catheter, and non-tunneled catheter at the time of initiation of hemodialysis were 24.36%, 0.64%, 1.27%, and 73.73%, respectively, and after conversion was 67.23%, 5.08%, 1.98%, and 19.77%, respectively. The cost at initiation was lower for catheters and the arteriovenous access in long run. Nurses had received vascular access training during their hemodialysis course (95.71%), but a few received further training (38.57%). They did well in sections related to preparation for permanent access and treatment of complications.
Conclusions: Most of the patients initiated hemodialysis via a non-tunneled catheter. The prevalence of arteriovenous fistula was high. Continued training of nurses was lacking. Nurses were confident in managing arteriovenous fistula and non-tunneled catheters.
Clinical Profile of Ocular Diseases at a Tertiary Eye Care Centre in Mid-Western Nepal
Authors: Basnet Pragya Singh , Malla Sagun , Sharma Deepa , Gautam Roshan 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Nepal is a developing country where most of the population does not have access to proper health care services and on top of that eye care services do not reach the entire population. This study aimed to determine the pattern of ocular morbidity in patients attending the ophthalmic OPD of Rapti Academy of Health Sciences.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology of Rapti Academy of Health Science, Dang. The study period was Poush 2077 to Chaitra 2077. All the patients visiting the OPD of the Ophthalmology department with an ocular problem were included in the study.
Results: A total of 1000 patients were examined during the study period. The patient's ages below 1 year were excluded so a total of 970 samples was selected. In which 625 (64.4%) were female and 345 (35.6%) were male. Most patients 92.9% were from Dang followed by Rolpa 4.1%, Rukum 1.4%, Pyuthan 0.9%, and Salyan 0.6%. Patients were examined from all age groups except for 1 year which was excluded. Out of the total patients, a maximum number of patients were female and the maximum number of patients were in the age group of 21- 30 years and followed by more than or equal to 60 years age group.
Conclusions: This study will help in obtaining epidemiology of Ocular disease for proper planning and management in the hospital.
Relationship of formulas of calendar-ritual and marriage semantics in spring and wedding cycles songs
Authors: Trehubov D. , Trehubova I. 
Published: July 2021

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to review the basics of the cultural heritage of the Ukrainian people in the direction of self-understanding and self-identification. Restoration of historical layers of meanings of rituals and the corresponding songs allows to recreate ways of formation of the nation as a whole.
The purpose of this study is to identify and interpret in the song plot “bawdry of a girl” a number of formulas that are used to reveal the subtext of the events being spoken.
The methodology. The article analyzes and systematizes the use of stable formulas within the song plot “bawdry of a girl” and related to him. The application of the selected formulas in the historical aspect to the older examples of song creativity is traced: carols, Christmas carols, spring songs and bathing songs. The research was conducted for the basics of this plot as a reflection of the cult of water and the sun.
The results. The formulas of the plot “bawdry of a girl” (or “girl-spring”) are highlighted: “Three”, treats with drinks, meeting guests, traveling in three stages, a braid, burning a tree, drowning a girl, the promise of a better life, a girl’s conversation during the burning (drowning), a girl-Galya, a guy-Cossack. It is proved that this plot is connected with the movement of the sun, because according to the worldview of the ancient inhabitants of Ukraine, the sun was born somewhere along the Don, and behind the Danube — “died”. It has been determined that standing under a burning pine tree is similar to meeting dawn, and moving towards the Danube moving towards the Danube (from the Don to home) or immersion in the Danube means a ritual death when a girl’s transitions to marriage. An interpretation of the song “The Cossacks rode” was created: a girl with a boyfriend-groom and suitors after a ritual treat went on a ritual journey for a wedding initiation in the woods, where she met the dawn under a pine tree and the groom confirmed it.
The scientific topicality of this study is the use of systematic formula analysis to establish the basics of folk song, which allowed to reformulate the plot of “bawdry of a girl” as a “girl-spring” and separate the later layers from the original plot.
The practical results of this study are the systematization of formulas found in the tragic songs of the spring-wedding cycle within the plot of the “bawdry of a girl”. The paper shows that each of the considered formulas is found in carols, Christmas carols, spring songs and Kupala songs, which allows to combine with them the content of the plot under consideration. Analysis of the formulas used in the plot allows you to see in it the elements of the cults of the sun and water.
The relationship between sarcopenia and nesfatin-1 and ghrelin levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: DAŞDEMİR İLKHAN Gülay , ARSLAN Selay , ARMAN Yücel , ALTUN Özgür , CELİKHİSAR Hakan , TÜKEK Tufan 
Published: July 2021

Background and Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the levels of adipocytokines anorexigenic nesfatin-1 and orexigenic ghrelin levels and body mass index (BMI), muscle mass, muscle strength and sarcopenia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Material and Method: The patients were divided into two groups according to the severity of COPD. Body mass index (BMI), body fat and muscle measurements were measured with bioelectrical impedance device. A hand-grip strength test was performed with a hand dynamometer to determine muscle strength. We used the mMRC (Modified Medical Research Council Questionnaire) questionnaire to measure the intensity of dyspnea during daily activities. A 6-minute walk test (6MWT) was used to test functional capacity and physical exercise tolerance. COPD Assessment Test (CAT) was performed to determine the health status. Serum nesfatin-1 and ghrelin levels were measured in all patients.
Results: In a total of 90 patients (16 female and 74 male) were included in the study prospectively. There was not any significant difference regarding the Nesfatin-1, ghrelin and Nesfatin-1/ghrelin ratio between mild/moderate or severe COPD patients. Muscle strength was correlated positively with 6MWT, nesfatin-1 and ghrelin levels, but negatively correlated with CAT score and mMRC score. The number of patients in the advanced stage of COPD was higher in the sarcopenia group than in the non-sarcopenia group.
Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between muscle strength and nesfatin-1 and ghrelin levels. However, muscle strength was negatively correlated with mMRC and CAT scores. Approximately 19% of COPD patients had sarcopenia. Serum nesfatin-1 and ghrelin levels were not different between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic COPD patients.
The effect of gender differences on the use of valproic acid for migraine prophylaxis
Authors: TEPE Nermin 
Published: July 2021

Aim: The efficacy of the drugs used for migraine prophylaxis remains unclear. At our headache polyclinic, when we observed the difference in prophylactic response especially in valproic acid (VA) treatment between genders, the response of male was found to be better than that of females so we wanted to document this difference by collecting data retrospectively
Material and Method: 46 chronic migraine without aura patients with VA who were enrolled in our headache outpatient clinic between 2015 - 2018 were included in the study (29 male, 17 female). In these patients, after VA the frequency of montly attacks between sexes, changes in VAS (Visual analogue scale) scores, single VA prophylaxis and the addition of a second prophylaxis drug were evaluated.
Results: None of the men needed an additional second drug while 11 of 17 women needed the addition of a second drug. There was no gender difference in monthly attack frequency before treatment, whereas monthly attack frequency after treatment with VA was found to be significantly lower in men ( before treatment; female 20,9±11,3 male 17,7±11,5, p>0.05) (after treatment; male 1,2±5,5 female 12,0±12,2, p0.05)(after treatment; female 4,4±2,8 male 2,3±2,8, p
Adaptation of COVID-19 risk perception and COVID-19 prevention guidelines compliance scales to Turkish: a validity and reliability study
Authors: KARATANA Özlem , KAYA Nazlı , İŞCİ Emre 
Published: July 2021

Aim: The aim of this study is to make Turkish adaptation and psychometric analysis of the Covid-19 Risk Perception and Covid-19 Prevention Guideline Compliance scales.
Material and Method: The Covid-19 Risk Perception and Covid-19 Prevention Guideline Compliance scales administered to a total of 385 healthcare workers (Emergency medical technician, paramedic, ambulance driver etc.) and 50 healthcare workers were retested two weeks later. The opinions of 10 experts were taken for the content validity of the scale, the confirmatory factor analysis was performed for the construct validity, the Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was calculated to determine the internal consistency, and the test-retest reliability was performed and the results were evaluated with Pearson correlation analysis.
Results: It can be concluded that an agreement among experts according to the results of the content validity index of the Turkish version of Covid-19 Risk Perception scale was found to be 0.91, the Covid-19 prevention guideline compliance scale was found to be 1. The test-retest reliability correlation of the scales was 0.85.
Conclusion: Covid-19 Risk Perception and the Covid-19 prevention guideline compliance scales were suitable for Turkish culture, and they are valid and reliable.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN OF ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION WITH CHRONOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL AGE IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Radchenko A.O. , Kolesnikova O.V. 
Published: July 2021

Relevance. The study is relevant due to the increase in the prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) with age, as well as the presence of common developmental mechanism with aging processes, that is a violation of antioxidant protection. Given the changes in the antioxidant state with age, studying their relationship with biological age (BA) may be useful in this category of patients.
Objective: to study changes in antioxidant status in AH patients of various age categories and their relationship with calendar age (CA) and BA, calculated using two outpatient methods.
Materials and methods. The study included 96 patients with an average age of 50.8 ± 14.3 years (53.1% of women), who were divided into 2 groups: the main group (n=71) – patients with AH degrees 1-2 stages 1-2 with low and moderate cardiovascular risk, controls (n=25) – healthy patients randomized by age and sex. Patients of the main group were divided into subgroups depending on age: 25-44 years (n=21), 45-59 years (n=25) and over 60 years (n=25). Markers of antioxidant protection: total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) were determined in all patients. BA was calculated using the method of A. G. Gorelkin and B. B. Pinkhasov (BA1) and V.P. Voitenko’s method (BA2 ).
Results. Patients of the main group had higher BA1 (p=0.024), BV2 (p=0.004), greater weight (p=0.010), body mass index (p=0.008), waist circumference (p=0.003). Also, there were tendencies towards an increase in TAC and a decrease in TAA in AH patients, compared with controls, although the differences were not significant. Correlation was found between CA and TAC (r=0.422; p=0.032) in the controls, and in the main group there was an association between CA and TAA (r=-0.357; p=0.003), the strength of which increased in young patients (r=-0.412; p=0.037). When comparing the levels of antioxidant state markers in AH patients depending on CA and BA, there was no significant difference in TAC levels, while TAA levels were the lowest in the group of patients aged 25-44 (p<0.05). After grouping patients depending on BA, there was an even more noticeable decrease in TAA in patients over 60 years old compared to controls.
Conclusions. The associations between CA and the level of TAC in the controls and TAA in the main group were demonstrated. The relationship of these parameters with BA was observed only in patients with AH, which may indicate the effectiveness of BA evaluating using the methods of A. G. Gorelkin, B. B. Pinkhasov, and V. P. Voitenko for assessing the aging rate in AH patients. In young and elderly patients, the determination of TAA levels may be of greater diagnostic value than the determination of TAC. The nature of TAA changes in AH patients of the middle age, is different from patients of young and old age, which requires further study, taking into account other possible factors.
ARCHITECTURAL DÉCOR OF FACADES OF BUILDINGS IN LVIV FROM 1890’S (HISTORICISM)
Authors: Ponkalo Solomiia 
Published: July 2021

Currently, the problem of typing architectural decor of facades of buildings in Lviv from 1890’s (late historicism) has not been studied. Therefore, the task is to explore all architectural decor elements of each architectural piece, which are of indisputable value for Lviv and in need of preservation and restoration.
A set of villas and a number of profitable and public buildings erected at the time of late historicism in Lviv were identified and taken as a basis based on comparative and bibliographic analysis. In addition, photographic evidence and visual inspection of these pieces were completed and architectural decor elements were studied. A total of 95 architectural pieces were analyzed on the basis of field surveys: 28 villas, 2 public buildings. and 13 residential buildings. As a result of the above, types of architectural decor elements, such as: constructive-decorative, art-decorative, decorative-plastic, were established. Subsequent studies have led to a smaller division into subtypes. Thus, entrance portals, windows, balconies (fences, brackets), cornices, and attics were included in the constructive-decorative elements, paintings and majolica were included in the artistic-decorative elements, and order, rustic, stucco works, round sculptures were included in the decorative-plastic category.
This publication involved analysis of constructive-decorative architectural decor elements. Constructive-decorative architectural decor elements were analyzed in view of their composition and style peculiarities. In particular, composition features of architectural decor elements were analyzed for form and tectonic location, while types and motifs applied to style specifics.
Application of the PCR method to detect the falsification of sheep milk with goat milk
Authors: Zhizhin Nikolay A. 
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the option of using PCR analysis to assess the purity of the species composition of heat-treated sheep's milk. In the course of the work, the genetic material of the main dairy breeds of goats and sheep represented on the territory of Russia was studied. For this purpose, the 12S rRNA of a goat and a sheep was used as a target gene, on the basis of which a pair of primers 12SCH-DIR (5'-AAACGTGTTAAAGCACTACATC-3 ‘) and 12SCH-INV (5'-GTCTTAGCTATAGTGTATCAGCTG CA-3') for goat and 12SM-FW (5'-CTAGAG-GAGCCTGTTCTATAATCGATAA-3 ‘) and 12SOA-INV (5'-GTCTCCTCTCG TGTGGTTGAGATA-3') for sheep. The resulting primers were tested for specificity by analyzing the milk of various breeds of goats (Saanen, Toggenburg, Alpine and Nubian dairy) and sheep (Tsigai, Assaf and East Friesian). As a result of the study of binary mixtures of sheep and goat milk, it was found that the use of this method of PCR analysis makes it possible to detect impurities of goat's milk in sheep's milk at a level of 0.1%. It has also been shown that the technique is applicable to both raw milk and processed milk.
Breeding of sunflower lines resistant to race G of Broomrape
Authors: Ryzhenko Elena N. , Araslanova Nina M. , Goncharov Sergei V. 
Published: July 2021

Relevance. Over the past decades, new and extremely virulent races have appeared in the southern regions of the Russian Federation, which overcame the resistance of domestic and foreign sunflower range of varieties. The most effective, long-term, and biologically safe way to protect sunflower from broomrape is to develop varieties and hybrids resistant to new races.Methods. We identified broomrape seeds of race G using internationally accepted differentiator lines: Record 1-3 (C), S-1358 (D), P-1380 (E), LC1093 and P96 (F). We used sunflower lines and hybrids of the breeding of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops as a parent material. We carried out the evaluation of broomrape resistance by the method of A.Ya. Panchenko. To develop an infectious background, we introduced seeds of broomrape race G into boxes with a soil and sand mixture at the rate of 200 mg per 1 kg of the mixture, distributing them evenly. We grew sunflower plants at a temperature of 25-27 °С and a 16-hour photoperiod. In 25-30 days after the emergence if seedlings, we dug up plants and counted the broomrape specimens on their roots by a scale.Results. We developed sunflower lines resistant to races of broomrape from A to G. All of them are of branched form, with different lengths of the period from germination to flowering, they differ in height and oil content. The line L 82 is distinguished by a high content of oleic acid in oil — 91%. The lines have a high combinability. We obtained experimental hybrid combinations using these lines.
FACTORES QUE INFLUYEN EN EL RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO EN INGLÉS EN EL OCTAVO GRADO DE LAS INSTITUCIONES EDUCATIVAS FISCALES DE GUAYAQUIL
Authors: Bravo Bravo Israel , Alves Maria Palmira 
Published: July 2021

La actual investigación tuvo como objetivo general determinar la incidencia de los factores estresantes en el rendimiento académico en inglés de los estudiantes de octavo año de las instituciones educativas fiscales de Guayaquil.
Dicho estudio se desarrolló bajo al enfoque metodológico mixto de diseño no experimental descriptivo y correlacional con una muestra de 469 profesores de inglés a quienes se les aplicó la técnica la encuesta y como instrumento un cuestionario con 24 ítems de respuesta policotómica de selección simple, mientras que a 15 de estos docentes se les realizó una entrevista profunda. Los resultados obtenidos indican la relación entre las situaciones de estrés que experimentan los estudiantes y el rendimiento académico en inglés que generalmente obtienen debido al temor, la ansiedad, la falta de autoestima y de motivación que este estrés les general. Estas circunstancias plantean la necesidad de adopción de estrategias motivacionales y de acompañamiento por parte del docente, sin embargo, el profesorado no es capacitado para el abordaje de esta situación y el diseño de tales estrategias.
ANABATİK VE KATABATİK KRİSTOLOJİ AÇISINDAN İNCİLLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KOÇ KANCA Hatice 
Published: July 2021

Bir dini doğru anlamak o dinin ilahi esin olarak kabul ettiği metni ve metin içinde dinin kurucusu olarak takdim edilen şahsın nasıl betimlendiğini anlamakla doğrudan ilişkilidir. Araştırma konusu edilen dinin teolojik nosyonunun anlaşılması, dinin temel metninin tahlili ve doğru anlaşılması ile mümkündür. Ancak söz konusu Hristiyanlık dini olduğunda, tek bir referanstan, tek bir ilahi kitaptan ve tek bir algıdan söz edilemez. Dolayısıyla dinin merkez figürü olan İsa’nın, kristolojik açıdan konumlandırıldığı yer ve bu yerin dini düşünce içerisinde mensupları tarafından nasıl algılandığı önemlidir.
Bu bağlamda öğretinin ana mesajının anlaşılması için en azından kanonik kabul edilen İncillerin ayrı ayrı incelenmesi ve bu şekilde İsa’nın kristolojideki yerinin tespit edilmesi icap eder. Bilindiği gibi tarihsel İsa araştırmaları çerçevesinde, İsa’nın dindeki konumunu betimleyen pek çok kristolojik model ile ortaya konmuştur. Biz bu çalışmada modern Hristiyan teoloğu John Macquarrie tarafından ortaya konan anabatik ve katabatik kristoloji sınıflandırmasını ve buna bağlı olarak tüm Hristiyanların Tanrı esini olarak kabul ettiği kendi kutsal kitaplarının bir kısmını oluşturan Matta, Markos, Luka ve Yuhanna İncillerinin sunmuş olduğu İsa portresini irdelemeyi hedefliyoruz. Bu çerçevede İncillerin kristolojik yaklaşımını anabatik ve katabatik sınıflandırması üzerinden tespit ederek, bu dört İncil’in İsa’yı Hristiyan kristolojisinin neresine yerleştirmiş olduklarını belirlemek, bu bağlamda Hristiyanlığın İncillere dayalı olarak İsa algısı ve mesajının ne olduğunu kristolojik açıdan farklılıklarını tespit etmek amaçlanmaktadır.