bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of prophylactic administration of vitamin C in chickens with staphylococcal septic arthritis
Authors: Nematollahi Fahimeh , Shomali Tahoora , Abdi‐Hachesoo Bahman , Derakhshandeh Abdollah , Khodakaram‐Tafti Azizollah , Moezzi Maryam Sadat 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundSeptic arthritis (SA) due to Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of lameness in poultry with improper response to antimicrobial therapy.ObjectivesThe study evaluates the effect of prophylactic administration of vitamin C on SA induced by methicillin resistant S. aureus in chickens.MethodsOne hundred and twenty chickens were randomly assigned into four groups: I. Negative control (NC), II. Positive control (PC) with SA induced at the age of 35 days by intra articular injection of S. aureus. III. Vehicle control (VC) and IV. Arthritic vitamin C‐treated (VitC) group (15 g/100 L of drinking water from day 25 to the end of the experiment). Samplings were performed on day 44 (sampling 1) and day 54 (sampling 2) of age.ResultsArthritic birds showed an obvious decrease in body weight with severe clinical arthritis and lameness which were not significantly affected by vitamin C administration at both samplings. Moreover, marked increase in serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration of the PC group was observed in sampling 1. Administration of vitamin C successfully reduced MDA concentration at both samplings. In sampling 2, birds in the VitC group showed significantly higher total antioxidant capacity (TAC) than NC birds (p < 0.05). Interleukin‐6 concentration in synovial fluid of chickens remained statistically similar among groups in both samplings, while histopathological changes were ameliorated in the VitC group in sampling 2.ConclusionsProphylactic administration of vitamin C especially for relatively longer period can ameliorate oxidative stress and histopathological changes due to staphylococcal arthritis in chickens, although it is not associated with a significant effect on clinical manifestations of the disease.
String correlators on AdS3: four-point functions
Authors: Dei Andrea , Eberhardt Lorenz 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We propose a closed-form formula for genus 0 four-point functions in AdS3 string theory with pure NS-NS flux including arbitrary amounts of spectral flow. Our formula passes many non-trivial consistency checks and has intriguing connections to Hurwitz theory. This paper is the second in a series with several instalments.
Static Symmetric Solutions of the Semi-Classical Einstein–Klein–Gordon System
Authors: Sanders Ko 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe consider solutions of the semi-classical Einstein–Klein–Gordon system with a cosmological constant $$\Lambda \in \mathbb {R}$$

Λ
∈
R

, where the spacetime is given by Einstein’s static metric on $$\mathbb {R}\times \mathbb {S}^3$$

R
×

S

3

with a round sphere of radius $$a>0$$

a
>
0

and the state of the scalar quantum field has a two-point distribution $$\omega _2$$

ω
2

that respects all the symmetries of the metric. We assume that the mass $$m\ge 0$$

m
≥
0

and scalar curvature coupling $$\xi \in \mathbb {R}$$

ξ
∈
R

of the field satisfy $$m^2+\xi R>0$$

m
2

+
ξ
R
>
0

, which entails the existence of a ground state. We do not require states to be Hadamard or quasi-free, but the quasi-free solutions are characterised in full detail. The set of solutions of the semi-classical Einstein–Klein–Gordon system depends on the choice of the parameters $$(a,\Lambda ,m,\xi )$$

(
a
,
Λ
,
m
,
ξ
)

and on the renormalisation constants in the renormalised stress tensor of the scalar field. We show that the set of solutions is either (i) the empty set, or (ii) the singleton set containing only the ground state, or (iii) a set with infinitely many elements. We characterise the ranges of the parameters and renormalisation constants where each of these alternatives occur. We also show that all quasi-free solutions are given by density matrices in the ground state representation and we show that in cases (ii) and (iii) there is a unique quasi-free solution which minimises the von Neumann entropy. When $$m=0$$

m
=
0

this unique state is a $$\beta $$
β
-KMS state. We argue that all these conclusions remain valid in the reduced order formulation of the semi-classical Einstein equation.
Reinfection rates after one- and two-stage revision surgery for hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Goud Annemarie L. , Harlianto Netanja I. , Ezzafzafi Solaiman , Veltman Ewout S. , Bekkers Joris E. J. , van der Wal Bart C. H. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Revisions for periprosthetic joint infection of knee and hip arthroplasty can be performed following one- or two-stage treatment protocols. Current literature is inconclusive whether one protocol is superior to the other, as prior literature reported similar reinfection rates for both treatment options. We aimed to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of current literature on septic arthroplasty revisions.

Methods
Between April 2015 and December 2020, Medline, Embase, and The Cochrane Library were searched for studies reporting reinfection outcomes in patients treated with one-stage and two-stage knee or hip revision arthroplasty. Two reviewers independently extracted data and disagreements were resolved by a third investigator. We utilized a double arcsine transformation, prior to pooling using a random-effects model.

Results
For hip revision arthroplasty, we identified 14 one-stage studies (n = 1237) with a pooled reinfection rate of 5.7% (95% CI 3.7–8.1%), and 46 two-stage studies (n = 5009) with a reinfection rate of 8.4% (95% CI 6.9–9.9%). For knee revision arthroplasty, 6 one-stage studies (n = 527) and 48 two-stage studies (n = 4344) were identified with reinfection rates of 12.7% (7.0–19.7%) and 16.2% (13.7–19.0%), respectively. Overall, reinfection rates did not vary substantially after subgroup analysis. Limitations of our study are the limited amount of one-stage studies that introduce a potential bias.

Conclusion
The reinfection rates following one- and two-stage hip and knee arthroplasty revisions were similar. Knee reinfection rates have increased compared to the previous analysis. Individual patient characteristics and adequate treatment algorithms are needed for a more individual selection approach, until a randomized trial is performed.
Volar plating: functional recovery of the pronator quadratus
Authors: Porter Patrick , MacInnes Alasdair , Drew Tim , Wang Weijie , Abboud Rami , Nicol Graeme 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The pronator quadratus (PQ) is reflected in the surgical approach to the distal radius. This study explores the functional strength of PQ, 12 months after volar plating without repair of PQ.

Methods
A total of 135 patients were identified from our prospectively collected database. All volunteers had grip strength and pronation power tested in the treated and contralateral forearms at 45, 90 and 135 degrees of elbow flexion using a custom-built torque measuring device and hydraulic hand dynamometer to evaluate forearm pronation.

Results
Twenty-seven participants were included in the study. No significant difference was identified in mean peak pronation torque between the volar plated and non-treated forearms. Pronation strength was identified as being independent of angle of elbow flexion. Grip strength was correlated with forearm pronation showing no significant difference between groups.

Conclusions
Our results suggest adequate long-term (15–32 months) functional recovery of the pronator quadratus after volar plating.

Level of Evidence
III.
Kontrazeption bei sehr jungen Mädchen
Authors: Böttcher B. , Hosa H. 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungInsbesondere bei sehr jungen Mädchen sollten Schwangerschaften im Teenageralter vermieden werden. Daher ist eine altersgemäße Verhütungsberatung von besonderer Bedeutung. Den Mädchen sollten verschiedene Methoden erklärt und gemeinsam eine Methode gewählt werden, die einfach in der Handhabung und verlässlich in der Anwendung ist. Ein Großteil der Mädchen entscheidet sich für die Verhütung mittels einer kombinierten Pille, auch wenn in Studien das Interesse an langwirksamen reversiblen Kontrazeptiva hoch war. Eine zusätzliche Anwendung eines Kondoms zum Schutz vor sexuell übertragbaren Erkrankungen sollte empfohlen werden.
Multiplexity analysis of networks using multigraph representations
Authors: Shafie Termeh , Schoch David 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMultivariate networks comprising several compositional and structural variables can be represented as multigraphs by various forms of aggregations based on vertex attributes. We propose a framework to perform exploratory and confirmatory multiplexity analysis of aggregated multigraphs in order to find relevant associations between vertex and edge attributes. The exploration is performed by comparing frequencies of the different edges within and between aggregated vertex categories, while the confirmatory analysis is performed using derived complexity or multiplexity statistics under different random multigraph models. These statistics are defined by the distribution of edge multiplicities and provide information on the covariation and dependencies of different edges given vertex attributes. The presented approach highlights the need to further analyse and model structural dependencies with respect to edge entrainment. We illustrate the approach by applying it on a well known multivariate network dataset which has previously been analysed in the context of multiplexity.
Functions-as-constructors higher-order unification: extended pattern unification
Authors: Libal Tomer , Miller Dale 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUnification is a central operation in constructing a range of computational logic systems based on first-order and higher-order logics. First-order unification has several properties that guide its incorporation in such systems. In particular, first-order unification is decidable, unary, and can be performed on untyped term structures. None of these three properties hold for full higher-order unification: unification is undecidable, unifiers can be incomparable, and term-level typing can dominate the search for unifiers. The so-calledpatternsubset of higher-order unification was designed to be a small extension to first-order unification that respects the laws governingλ-binding (i.e., the equalities forα,β, andη-conversion) but which also satisfied those three properties. While the pattern fragment of higher-order unification has been used in numerous implemented systems and in various theoretical settings, it is too weak for many applications. This paper defines an extension of pattern unification that should make it more generally applicable, especially in proof assistants that allow for higher-order functions. This extension’s main idea is that the arguments to a higher-order, free variable can be more than just distinct bound variables. In particular, such arguments can be terms constructed from (sufficient numbers of) such bound variables using term constructors and where no argument is a subterm of any other argument. We show that this extension to pattern unification satisfies the three properties mentioned above.
Implications of prognosis-associated genes in pancreatic tumor metastasis: lessons from global studies in bioinformatics
Authors: Kisling Sophia G. , Natarajan Gopalakrishnan , Pothuraju Ramesh , Shah Ashu , Batra Surinder K. , Kaur Sukhwinder 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly lethal malignancy with a 5-year survival rate of 10%. The occurrence of metastasis, among other hallmarks, is the main contributor to its poor prognosis. Consequently, the elucidation of metastatic genes involved in the aggressive nature of the disease and its poor prognosis will result in the development of new treatment modalities for improved management of PC. There is a deep interest in understanding underlying disease pathology, identifying key prognostic genes, and genes associated with metastasis. Computational approaches, which have become increasingly relevant over the last decade, are commonly used to explore such interests. This review aims to address global studies that have employed global approaches to identify prognostic and metastatic genes, while highlighting their methods and limitations. A panel of 48 prognostic genes were identified across these studies, but only five, including ANLN, ARNTL2, PLAU, TOP2A, and VCAN, were validated in multiple studies and associated with metastasis. Their association with metastasis has been further explored here, and the implications of these genes in the metastatic cascade have been interpreted.
Nicorandil Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats, as Evaluated by 7 T Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Wan Yixuan , He Bo , Zhu Dongyong , Wang Lei , Huang Ruijue , Wang Shiyu , Wang Chunhua , Zhang Mengdi , Ma Lu , Gao Fabao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeDoxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) is a common side effect of doxorubicin chemotherapy, and a major mechanism of DIC is inflammation. However, no effective method exists to prevent DIC. In the present study, we investigated the cardioprotective effects of nicorandil against DIC using multiparametric cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and elucidated the anti-inflammatory properties of nicorandil in rat models.MethodsMale Sprague-Dawley rats received four weekly intraperitoneal doxorubicin doses (4 mg/kg/injection) to establish the DIC model. After treatment with or without nicorandil (3 mg/kg/day) or diazoxide (10 mg/kg/day) orally, all the groups underwent weekly CMR examinations, including cardiac function and strain assessment and T2 mapping, for 6 weeks. Additionally, blood samples and hearts were collected to examine inflammation and histopathology.ResultsAccording to our results, the earliest DIC CMR parameter in the doxorubicin group was T2 mapping time prolongation compared with the DIC rats treated with nicorandil (doxorubicin+nicorandil group) at week 2. Subsequently, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and global peak systolic myocardial strain in the doxorubicin group were significantly reduced, and nicorandil effectively inhibited these effects at week 6. Our results were confirmed by histopathological evaluations. Furthermore, nicorandil treatment had a protective effect against the doxorubicin-induced inflammatory response. Interestingly, similar protective results were obtained using the KATPchannel opener diazoxide.ConclusionCollectively, our findings indicate that nicorandil application ameliorates DIC in rats with significantly higher cardiac function and myocardial strain and less fibrosis, apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine production. Nicorandil prevents T2 abnormalities in the early stages of DIC, showing a high clinical value for early nicorandil treatment in chemotherapy patients.
The Economic and Climate Value of Flexibility in Green Energy Markets
Authors: Abrell Jan , Rausch Sebastian , Streitberger Clemens 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper examines how enhanced flexibility across space, time, and a regulatory dimension affects the economic costs and CO$$_2$$

2

emissions of integrating large shares of intermittent renewable energy from wind and solar. We develop a numerical model which resolves hourly dispatch and investment choices among heterogeneous energy technologies and natural resources in interconnected wholesale electricity markets, cross-country trade (spatial flexibility), energy storage (temporal flexibility), and tradable green quotas (regulatory flexibility). Taking the model to the data for the case of Europe’s system of interconnected electricity markets, we find that the appropriate combination of flexibility can bring about substantial gains in economic efficiency, reduce costs (up to 13.8%) and lower CO$$_2$$

2

emissions (up to 51.2%). Regulatory flexibility is necessary to realize most of the maximum possible benefits. We also find that gains from increased flexibility are unevenly distributed and that some countries incur welfare losses.
Association between vitamin K1 intake and mortality in the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health cohort
Authors: Palmer Claire R. , Bellinge Jamie W. , Dalgaard Frederik , Sim Marc , Murray Kevin , Connolly Emma , Blekkenhorst Lauren C. , Bondonno Catherine P. , Croft Kevin D. , Gislason Gunnar , Tjønneland Anne , Overvad Kim , Schultz Carl , Lewis Joshua R. , Hodgson Jonathan M. , Bondonno Nicola P. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractReported associations between vitamin K1 and both all-cause and cause-specific mortality are conflicting. The 56,048 participants from the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health prospective cohort study, with a median [IQR] age of 56 [52–60] years at entry and of whom 47.6% male, were followed for 23 years, with 14,083 reported deaths. Of these, 5015 deaths were CVD-related, and 6342 deaths were cancer-related. Intake of vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) was estimated from a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and its relationship with mortality outcomes was investigated using Cox proportional hazards models. A moderate to high (87–192 µg/d) intake of vitamin K1 was associated with a lower risk of all-cause [HR (95%CI) for quintile 5 vs quintile 1: 0.76 (0.72, 0.79)], cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related [quintile 5 vs quintile 1: 0.72 (0.66, 0.79)], and cancer-related mortality [quintile 5 vs quintile 1: 0.80 (0.75, 0.86)], after adjusting for demographic and lifestyle confounders. The association between vitamin K1 intake and cardiovascular disease-related mortality was present in all subpopulations (categorised according to sex, smoking status, diabetes status, and hypertension status), while the association with cancer-related mortality was only present in current/former smokers (p for interaction = 0.002). These findings suggest that promoting adequate intakes of foods rich in vitamin K1 may help to reduce all-cause, CVD-related, and cancer-related mortality at the population level.
Monochannel Preference in Autism Spectrum Conditions Revealed by a Non-Visual Variant of Rubber Hand Illusion
Authors: Galigani Mattia , Fossataro Carlotta , Gindri Patrizia , Conson Massimiliano , Garbarini Francesca 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIndividuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) are less susceptible to multisensory delusions, such as rubber hand illusion (RHI). Here, we investigate whether a monochannel variant of RHI is more effective in inducing an illusory feeling of ownership in ASC. To this aim, we exploit a non-visual variant of the RHI that, excluding vision, leverages only on the somatosensory channel. While the visual-tactile RHI does not alter the perceived hand position in ASC individuals, the tacto-tactile RHI effectively modulates proprioception to a similar extent as that found in typical development individuals. These findings suggest a more effective integration of multiple inputs originating from the same sensory channel in ASC, revealing a monochannel preference in this population.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles promote the aging process in a size-dependent manner
Authors: Deylam Mahla , Alizadeh Effat , Sarikhani Manizheh , Hejazy Marzie , Firouzamandi Masoumeh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractZinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) are generally utilized in cosmetic goods, sheds, biosensors, and delivery of drug. As in vitro ideal systems, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are used to test acute toxicity. In the present study, size-dependent cytotoxicity effects of ZnO NPs on MSCs were assessed. Bone marrow and adipose MSCs were treated with ZnO NPs with average sizes of 10–30 and 35–45 nm. The 5 and 10 µg/ml concentrations of ZnO NP were found to be the safe concentrations for the NP sizes of 10–30 and 35–45 nm, respectively. Cell-cycle analysis indicated that the small size of ZnO NPs has more negative effects on the process of cell entry to DNA synthesis when compared to the larger size. The results of the β-galactosidase test showed the promotion of the aging process in the cells treated with the smaller size of ZnO NPs. Both sizes of the NP were found to upregulate the aging-related genes NF-kB and p53 and downregulate the anti-aging gene Nanog. To sum up, the smaller size of ZnO NPs can enhance the aging process in the cells.
Motivation as a function of success frequency
Authors: van der Kooij Katinka , in ‘t Veld Lars , Hennink Thomas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIt is well-established that intermediate challenge is optimally motivating. We tested whether this can be quantified into an inverted-U relationship between motivation and success frequency. Participants played a game in which they navigated a scene to catch targets. In Experiment 1 (N = 101), play duration was free and the motivating value of success frequency was measured from the probability that a player would continue at that frequency. In Experiment 2 (N = 70), play duration was fixed, and motivation was measured using repeated self-reports. In Experiment 1, the probability to continue increased linearly with the success frequency whereas play duration did show the inverted-U relationship with success frequency. In Experiment 2, self-reported motivation showed the inverted-U relationship with success frequency. Together, this shows that motivation depends on success frequency. In addition, we provide tentative evidence that the concept of intermediate challenge being most motivating can be quantified into an inverted-U relationship between motivation and success frequency.
Mobility functional areas and COVID-19 spread
Authors: Iacus Stefano Maria , Santamaria Carlos , Sermi Francesco , Spyratos Spyridon , Tarchi Dario , Vespe Michele 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis work introduces a new concept of functional areas called Mobility Functional Areas (MFAs), i.e., the geographic zones highly interconnected according to the analysis of mobile positioning data. The MFAs do not coincide necessarily with administrative borders as they are built observing natural human mobility and, therefore, they can be used to inform, in a bottom-up approach, local transportation, spatial planning, health and economic policies. After presenting the methodology behind the MFAs, this study focuses on the link between the COVID-19 pandemic and the MFAs in Austria. It emerges that the MFAs registered an average number of infections statistically larger than the areas in the rest of the country, suggesting the usefulness of the MFAs in the context of targeted re-escalation policy responses to this health crisis. The MFAs dataset is openly available to other scholars for further analyses.
Response to Intervention in first-grade writing instruction: a large-scale feasibility study
Authors: Arrimada María , Torrance Mark , Fidalgo Raquel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEarly failure to learn writing skills might go unnoticed and unremedied unless teachers adopt specific strategies for identifying and supporting students who learn at a slower pace. We implemented a Response to Intervention (RTI) program for teaching narrative writing. Over 18 months from start of primary school, 161 Spanish children received instruction in strategies for planning text and training in handwriting and spelling, and completed very regular narrative writing tasks. Data from these tasks were analysed to identify students at risk of falling behind. These students then completed additional, parent-supervised training tasks. During this training the quality of these students’ texts improved more rapidly than those of their peers. The resulting decrease in difference relative to peers, as measured by both regular narrative tasks and by post and follow-up measures, was sustained after additional training ceased. Interviews and questionnaires found good parent and teacher buy-in, with some caveats. Findings therefore indicate the feasibility and potential value of a RTI approach to teaching writing in single-teacher, full-range, first-grade classes.