bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19: Major Metabolic and Immunological Relationships in Obesity
Authors: Chaves Mariana Tolentino , Chaves Ana Paula Tolentino 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: In the scenario of chronic non-communicable diseases, obesity stands out as a multifactorial disease that can cause several public health problems. Currently, about 30% of the world's population is overweight or obese. Estimates suggest that the prevalence of severe obesity in 2030 will be 11%, approximately twice the current prevalence. By 2025, Brazil will be in fifth place in the world ranking, with an estimated 18.0 million people. The appearance of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which causes the disease COVID-19, has worsened the comorbidities of obesity. Objective: to explore, through a concise systematic review, the main metabolic and immunological relationships in obesity, especially in the presence of COVID-19. Methods: The present study followed a concise systematic review model (PRISMA). The search strategy was carried out in the databases PubMed, Embase, Ovid and Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results: A total of 76 studies were found that were submitted to the eligibility analysis, and, after that, 15 studies of high to medium quality and with risks of bias were selected that do not compromise the scientific basis of the studies, we found that obesity is an important predictor of worsening SARS-CoV-2 pathology. There is a complex interaction between multiple metabolic, immunological and inflammatory factors that result in meta-inflammation. It has been shown that obesity causes dysfunction in the immune system, increasing susceptibility to infections and death from sepsis, and increased oxidative stress in the body. SARS-CoV-2 amplifies the inflammatory response, enabling greater propensity to alveolar thrombotic microangiopathy and pulmonary thromboembolism. Meta-inflammation and insulin resistance with hyperinsulinemia is the main baseline changes in obesity. Conclusion: In the COVID-19 scenario, obesity is an important predictor of the worsening of SARS-CoV-2 pathology, mainly due to the worsening of met inflammation.
MICOPLASMOSE EM FELINO DOMÉSTICO, FeLV (+), RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Ferraz Alexsander , Tavares Barwaldt Eugênia , Dos Santos Pires Bruna , Moura de Lima Camila , Santos Bierhals Eduarda , De Oliveira Nobre M´´arcia , Quintana Nizoli Leandro 
Published: May 2021

Mycoplasma spp. são bactérias pleomórficas que parasitam a superfície das hemácias de várias espécies domésticas, sendo o Mycoplasma haemofelis, a espécie mais frequente nos felinos. Este parasito é reponsável pela micoplasmose felina, também chamada de micoplasmose haemotrópica felina (MHF) e de anemia infecciosa felina, que pode causar um quadro de anemia hemolítica aguda ou crônica. O objetivo deste trabalho, foi relatar o caso de um felino doméstico, apresentando na avaliação clínica, mucosas ictéricas e os linfonodos submandibulares aumentados de volume. Foi realizado teste rápido para diagnóstico de FIV/FeLV, onde constatou-se que o paciente era FeLV (+), sendo este, um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento da micoplasmose. No eritrograma, evidenciou-se diminuição do hematócrito, hemácias e hemoglobina. O exame bioquímico, indicou aumento de ALT, ureia e bilirrubina total. Para diagnóstico definitivo, foi realizado pesquisa de hemoparasitos, através da técnica de esfregaço sanguíneo corado, onde observou-se na superfície das hemácias, a presença de estruturas eosinofílicas na forma de cocos, característicos do gênero Mycoplasma.
Zbiorowe diagnozowanie polskiej rzeczywistości. O wywiadach Michała Sutowskiego
Authors: Pańków Irena 
Published: May 2021

This essay is a review based on material from nineteen published interviews that focused on a diagnosis of Polish conditions after a year of the Law and Justice [Prawo i Sprawiedliwość] party’s rule. The interviews were conducted with experts—academics and journalists—by Michał Sutowski, who published these interviews as a collection. The author demonstrates that such a collective diagnosis has major advantages in Poland’s current, rapidly changing, social conditions. Such a method is quicker than the scholarly approach to describing and explaining the state of affairs. The collection of interviews could also be a valuable source of inspiration for public debates and scholarly research in many areas, and could contain guidelines for decision-makers.
El biodesarrollo y su relación con los campos morfogenéticos
Authors: Castillo López de Linares Nancy Carolina , Valdés Avila Indira Marizela 
Published: May 2021

Mirar el mundo con una perspectiva diferente puede cambiarlo todo. La forma en que percibimos, limitada por nuestro equipaje experiencial puede ser la responsable de nuestros patrones de conducta repetitivos y autodestructivos en algunos casos. Necesitamos con urgencia un cambio de vida, porque el camino que transitamos corre peligrosamente hacia la destrucción; la desconexión de las personas con el medio ambiente está pasando factura, y si no hacemos algo, pronto lo lamentaremos. Existen la belleza, la vida, la libertad y las perdemos cada vez que sostenemos un sistema consumista que nos succiona la existencia y lo único que nos hereda son millones de toneladas de basura periódicamente. Sin embargo, no todo está perdido, aún tenemos la esperanza de la revolución que puede ocasionar la influencia sutil de una sola persona apasionada por vivir. El biodesarrollo constituye un camino que nos invita a reencontrar al hombre con la naturaleza, considerándonos como parte armónica de ella, privilegiando sobre cualquier otra cosa la vida.
La naturaleza de la creatividad
Authors: González Díaz Oscar Armando , Tzoc Juan , López Julieta Maribel , Argueta Ramos Servio Tulio 
Published: May 2021

La vida no es producto de algún fenómeno casual. La vida responde a un sistema complejo que está relacionado de manera universal desde el surgimiento de la materia y sus diferentes campos energéticos. De esa cuenta, se puede decir todo esta interconectado, el funcionamiento de un elemento de la naturaleza depende directamente con los demás elementos. Y ese patrón sigue en todas las relaciones en donde se ve involucrada la persona, el desarrollo de las sociedades se conecta a las realidades económica, ambiental, política, social y cada una de estas relaciones guarda una conexión de tipo fractal.
Esta situación permite comprender que el conocimiento se construye de manera compleja y no de manera lineal como tradicionalmente se piensa. Por lo tanto, cada pueblo, cada cultura y cada sociedad tienen su forma propia de ver y percibir la realidad. Cada generación de seres humanos tiene su propia cosmovisión que, al hacer reflexiones profundas, se nota cómo, cada una de las epistemologías, tiene sus semejanzas y coincidencias típicas, tales como las facultades que tienen todos los humanos en el funcionamiento del cerebro y el sistema nervioso.
Por lo tanto, cada ser humano y cada cultura es poseedor de grandes conocimientos, que son las expresiones creativas de los patrones que dieron origen a la naturaleza. Sistemas que se van repitiendo para dar vida a nuevas creaciones, que pueden servir para el crecimiento o destrucción de las formas de vida del universo, porque todos, forman parte del todo, y todo está relacionado en un sistema complejo que surge del caos.
Long-term Coherent Timing of the Accreting Millisecond Pulsar IGR J17062–6143
Authors: Bult Peter , Strohmayer Tod E. , Malacaria Christian , Ng Mason , Wadiasingh Zorawar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We report on a coherent timing analysis of the 163 Hz accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar IGR J17062–6143. Using data collected with the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer and XMM-Newton, we investigated the pulsar evolution over a time span of four years. We obtained a unique phase-coherent timing solution for the stellar spin, finding the source to be spinning up at a rate of (3.77 ± 0.09) × 10−15 Hz s−1. We further find that the 0.4–6 keV pulse fraction varies gradually between 0.5% and 2.5% following a sinusoidal oscillation with a 1210 ± 40 day period. Finally, we supplemented this analysis with an archival Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observation and obtained a phase-coherent model for the binary orbit spanning 12 yr, yielding an orbital period-derivative measurement of (8.4 ± 2.0) × 10−12 s s−1. This large orbital period derivative is inconsistent with a binary evolution that is dominated by gravitational wave emission and is suggestive of highly nonconservative mass transfer in the binary system.
Role of the EMA specific marketing authorization procedures for early access on the time to patient access in Bulgaria
Authors: Tsekov Ivo , Dimitrova Maria , Voynikov Yulian 
Published: May 2021

Despite the early access procedures for marketing authorization (MA) valid throughout the European Union still in the most of the Member states patient access to innovative medicines depends on cost-effectiveness, budget impact assessment and negotiations for price discount with the public payers.
Retrospective analysis on the availability and time to market access of medicines authorized under the European medicines agency’s specific procedures for early access shows that despite the shortening of the time to market access after 2013, for most medicines still exceeds 365 days. This is due to the fact that requirements for pricing and reimbursement across EU is fixed to some degree and medicines with MA for early access are subject to the same legal requirements as the medicines with standard centralized marketing authorization. Some specific national legal requirements for pricing and reimbursement decisions, population of interest and manufactures intentions to enter certain markets should also be considered.
Luther, Calvin et le glaive temporel
Authors: Dermange François 
Published: May 2021

Coupant court à l’« augustinisme politique » qui prévalait au Moyen Âge, la Réforme a opéré une relecture de la Cité de Dieu . Dissociant les « deux règnes », elle a contribué à la fois à la séparation des deux glaives et à une nouvelle articulation. La Réforme met cependant au jour un débat sur le fondement de l’État et elle reste ambiguë sur la cohérence du discours de ceux qui détiennent le pouvoir. Les termes posés par ce débat ont une portée non seulement historique, mais aussi toujours actuelle, pour penser l’éthique politique dans ses rapports au religieux.
The efficacy and safety of intraoperative acute normovolaemic haemodilution in complex spine surgery in a private surgical facility in Ghana
Authors: Wulff Irene , O. Duah Henry , Oteng-Yeboah Audrey , O. Tutu Henry , P. Yankey Kwadwo , S. Essel Aba , Akoto Harry , Boachie-Adjei Oheneba , FOCOS Spine Research Group  
Published: May 2021

Objectives: To assess the safety and clinical benefits of intraoperative acute normovolaemic haemodilution (ANH) incomplex spine surgery. Design: Prospective comparative cohort studySetting: A private orthopaedic hospital in GhanaPatients: Seventy-six patients who underwent complex spine deformity surgeryInterventions: Patients were randomly assigned to two groups. 45 patients to the acute normovolaemic haemodilution(ANH) or Group 1 and 31patients to the non-ANH or Group 2. Following anesthetic administration and before incision, autologous blood was collected from patients in Group1 and was reinfused during/shortly after surgery while patients in Group2 were transfused with compatible allogeneic blood intraoperatively.Main Outcome Measures: Changes in haemodynamic parameters and incidence of allogeneic transfusions and related complications.Results: The mean age (years), gender ratio, deformity size and aetiology, fusion levels, and operative times were similar in both groups. Blood loss (ml) of patients in groups 1 and 2 were 1583ml± 830.48 vs 1623ml ± 681.34, p=0.82, respectively. The rate of allogeneic blood transfusion in groups 1 and 2 were 71% vs 80.65%, p=0.88, respectively. Haemoglobin levels (g/dL) in groups 1 and 2 were comparable in both groups at Post-operative Day (POD) 0 and POD 1. Incidence of minor allogeneic transfusion reaction was 1/45 vs 1/31, p=0.80, group-1 and group-2, respectively.Conclusion: Acute normovolaemic haemodilution can be safely performed in complex spine surgery in underserved regions. However, its use does not obviate allogeneic transfusion in patients with complex spine deformities in whom large volumes of blood loss is expected.
Remuneration Guidelines for Strength and Conditioning Coaches within Universities in the United Kingdom: International Universities Strength and Conditioning Association (IUSCA) Position Statement
Authors: Langford Andrew , Bird Stephen , Flannagan Aden 
Published: May 2021

The remuneration of strength and conditioning (S&C) coaches corresponding to the professional services provided across the high school, collegiate and professional sector, has received increased attention in recent times. This appears to be a highly contentious topic regarding the governance of industry awards (National minimum wage) and remuneration. While professional bodies have no legal power to enforce remuneration guidelines, they do provide key recommendations for consideration when entering an employment relationship.
In relation to the remuneration of S&C coaches within UK Universities, the International Universities Strength and Conditioning Association (IUSCA) has recently carried out extensive research across UK Universities and found that there is inconsistent grading regarding the role of a S&C coach. In the professional sporting environment, the IUSCA understands that laws of basic economics and supply-and-demand will influence wages, and the value of an S&C coach may therefore be impacted. However, while the IUSCA values free market economies and appreciates that competition will often dictate value, circumstances within UK Universities are different, and warrant fair grading and remuneration. Therefore, the IUSCA has produced this Position Statement to assist Human Resources (HR) departments in developing Job Descriptions, Role Profiles, and associated remuneration packages appropriate to the provision of S&C support within university settings.
The IUSCA recommends that these gradings should be incorporated by universities in the UK to ensure a fair and transparent valuation of the work of an S&C coach/practitioner. This should help to standardise the provision within universities and gives the appropriate recognition for the S&C professional. In turn, this will provide a basis for further analysis of remuneration in other countries and sectors within S&C, and perhaps help guide professional sport towards similar standards and recognition.
The Evolutionary Role of Higher Education in Sustainable Development: Pandemic 2020–2021
Authors: Dinzhanova Gulbakhyt , Bianchi Massimo 
Published: May 2021

This article investigates the role of higher education in the economic development of the country. The research aims to investigate the theoretical and methodological basis of the role of higher education and human capital in economic growth, evaluate the current state of higher education within pandemic COVID-19, and develop scientifically and applied recommendations to strengthen capacity and improve the competitiveness of human capital in the developing countries.
An analysis of the existing researches and debates is made. We defined the state of higher education in Kazakhstan and considered the changes in education within the context of COVID-19. We made multiple correlations and regression analysis based on the education coverage index and GDP(mln KZT), where defined the moderate correlation between two variables. Statistical data is studied in a period from 2000 to 2019.
This paper contributes to the literature by fulfilling a theory of human capital development in the knowledge economy, revealing the relational mechanism between higher education, sustainable development, and the economic boundary of this relationship. It also contributes to the further understanding of the role of higher education in economic development. This study result implies to strengthen capacity and improve the competitiveness of human capital, draft human capital development policy.
Keywords: SDG; COVID-19, human capital, higher education
Situación ictiológica, limnológica y pesquera del lago de Zapotlán
Authors: Michel Parra Guadalupe J. , Gómez Galindo Carlos , Hernández Terrones María del Carmen , Santibañez Escobar Rene , Santoyo Téllez Felipe 
Published: May 2021

Prioridades para este milenio, proteger, conservar, aprovechar y manejar sustentablemente humedales, mediante actividades integrales pesca, fuentes de alimento, empleo, descanso y esparcimiento, en el Lago de Zapotlán se impulsan investigaciones en aspectos ictiológico, limnológico, pesquero, que fortalecen la conservación de ecosistemas. El crecimiento poblacional y consumismo aumentan los impactos biológicos y efectos sociales perjudiciales para los humedales. Objetivo: Determinar la situación ictiológica, limnológica y pesquera en el Lago de Zapotlán. El estudio fue de mayo 2012 a abril 2013 en Laguna de Zapotlán, localizada en sur de Jalisco. El trabajo fue transversal, descriptivo

variables ictiológicas, limnológica y pesquera, aplicando métodos estadísticos. Resultados: Ictiológicas: Carpa (Cirpinus carpio comunis.), (Cirpinus carpio especualaris.), tilapia (Orechromis spp.), lobina (Micropterus salmoides), charal (Menidia grandocule), pescado lodero (Goodea atripinnis) y pintitas (Poecliopis infans). Limnología: temperatura 21.9ºC, oxígeno disuelto 4.0 a 6.0 mg/L; agua alcalina de 145 ppm y dureza 155 ppm, pH 9.11, con bajo/alto contenido de amonio y ortofosfato disuelto y Clorofila de 74 mg/m. Diagnóstico pesquero: tilapia, carpa, lobina y charal para pesca comercial. Esfuerzo pesquero: dos organizaciones con 64 pescadores. Captura por pescador 40 kg/día, promedio anual de 488 tons. Especímenes capturados: carpa (de 24 a 31 cm y peso de 600 a 800 grs) y tilapia (de 22.25 cm. y peso de 236 grs. en promedio). Artes de pesca: Redes agalleras longitud de 60 m abertura y malla de 3½” a 4½”, embarcaciones lanchas de fibra de vidrio de 14 pies. Reproducción: Carpa: marzo-septiembre y Tilapia: marzo-octubre.
ETAPAS DO MÉTODO CIENTÍFICO COM ALUNOS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: Ferraz Ícaro Gabriel Delgado , Barros Kíria Guida , Campolina Camargo Luca , De Carvalho Moara  Chimento , Da Silva Alexsandro Santos , Teixeira Silva Fabio 
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimular o saber científico nos educandos desde a Educação Básica de Ensino através do desenvolvimento das etapas dos métodos científicos. Buscou-se descrever, neste trabalho, o relato sobre um conjunto de ações investigativa, seguindo os passos do Método científico. O método utilizado foi a observação de uma publicação em site sobre o comportamento de uma espécie de formiga (Camponotus terebrans), foi levantado o problema (Será que a formiga pixixica (Wasmannia auropunctata) também prefere xixi do que água açucarada?), elaboração de hipóteses, início de experimentação, análise dos resultados, aceitação ou rejeição da hipótese. O comportamento das formigas (W. auropunctata) observadas nas quatro experiências, levou os alunos a aceitarem a hipótese "a formiga prefere água açucarada do que xixi" diferente do comportamento da formiga C. terebrans relatada no site https://www.valedoitaunas.com.br/artigo/formigas-preferem-ingerir-xixi-a-acucar-e-isso-faz-bem-ao-planeta. Firmando-se nos relatórios, percebe-se que os educandos compreenderam, através da prática, o assunto que estava exposto no livro didático, bem como demonstraram um caráter científico.
Художественно-анималистические образы универсально-трансферной связи мира природы и музыки в творчестве Абая
Authors: Какимова Лаура 
Published: May 2021

На основе анализа идей известных ученых раскрывается и делается попытка рассмотреть феномен национальной музыкальной культуры посредством произведений творчества Абая. Показываются универсально-трансферные связи мира природы и художественно-анималистических образов произведений, которые воплощают в себе ценности и идеалы общества, приемлемые к организации музыкально-творческой деятельности обучающихся в работе педагога-музыканта. В эпоху глобализациии культурных перемен, происходящих в настоящее время в Казахстане, с духовным возрождением нации и осознанием своей ментальности, а вместе с этим и новым взглядом на отечественную музыкальную культуру, актуальным встает разработка элективного курса по музыкальному абаеведению. Авторский коллектив научного проекта предлагает выстроить элективный курс по трем модулям, раскрывающий многогранное творческое наследие великого Абая – философа и гуманиста, поэта и музыканта конца XIX – начала XX века. Согласно разработанному курсу качества обучения и привлечения обучающихся к духовно-художественным ценностям авторами теоретически обоснованы условия решения трех взаимосвязанных проблем – развитие личностного потенциала, формирование творческой среды и повышение качества образования подрастающего поколения. Цель курса направлена на популяризацию музыкального стиля абаевской лирики, жанровой своеобразности творчества и на привлечение талантливой молодежи к миру искусства. В представленной статье определены и рассмотрены темы художественно-анималистических образов через призму произведений поэта. Раскрываются сущностные характеристики музыкально-художественного творчества Абая, которое воплощает в себе эстетические, духовно-нравственные, художественные ценности, созвучные времени и потребностям современного общества. Посредством музыкального наследия Абая рассматриваются возможности приобщения подрастающей молодежи к национальной культуре и искусству, путем возрождения их национального самосознания и осмысления музыкального воспитания и образования.
Spatial and temporal changes of the ozone sensitivity in China based on satellite and ground-based observations
Authors: Wang Wannan , van der A Ronald , Ding Jieying , van Weele Michiel , Cheng Tianhai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Ground-level ozone (O3) pollution has been steadily
getting worse in most parts of eastern China during the past 5 years. The
non-linearity of O3 formation with its precursors like nitrogen oxides
(NOx= NO + NO2) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are
complicating effective O3 abatement plans. The diagnosis from
space-based observations, i.e. the ratio of formaldehyde (HCHO) columns to
tropospheric NO2 columns (HCHO / NO2), has previously been proved to
be highly consistent with our current understanding of surface O3
chemistry. HCHO / NO2 ratio thresholds distinguishing O3 formation
sensitivity depend on regions and O3 chemistry interactions with
aerosol. To shed more light on the current O3 formation sensitivity
over China, we have derived HCHO / NO2 ratio thresholds by directly
connecting satellite-based HCHO / NO2 observations and ground-based
O3 measurements over the major Chinese cities in this study. We find
that a VOC-limited regime occurs for HCHO / NO2 < 2.3, and
a NOx-limited regime occurs for HCHO / NO2 > 4.2. The
HCHO / NO2 between 2.3 and 4.2 reflects the transition between the two
regimes. Our method shows that the O3 formation sensitivity tends to be
VOC-limited over urban areas and NOx-limited over rural and remote
areas in China. We find that there is a shift in some cities from the
VOC-limited regime to the transitional regime that is associated with a rapid drop
in anthropogenic NOx emissions, owing to the widely applied rigorous
emission control strategies between 2016 and 2019. This detected spatial
expansion of the transitional regime is supported by rising surface O3
concentrations. The enhanced O3 concentrations in urban areas during
the COVID-19 lockdown in China indicate that a protocol with simultaneous
anthropogenic NOx emissions and VOC emissions controls is essential for
O3 abatement plans.