bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OVERVIEW OF AN OVARIAN CANCER AND ITS TREATMENT ASPECTS
Authors: Kishorbhai Vaghasiya Tushar , Malaviya Miteshkumar 
Published: April 2021

Cancer (medical term: malignant neoplasm) is a class of diseases in which a group of cells display uncontrolled growth, invasion that intrudes upon and destroys adjacent tissues, and sometimes metastasis, or spreading to other locations in the body via lymph or blood. These three malignant properties of cancers differentiate them from benign tumors, which do not invade or metastasize. Ovarian cancer is fundamentally a disease of failure of regulation of tissue growth. In order for a normal cell to transform into a cancer cell, the genes which regulate cell growth and differentiation must be altered. These brief surveys discuss the current therapy, novel treatment and its side effects.
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer treatment, Liposomal formulation
Real de Minas de San Gregorio de Mazapil, frontera del Reino de la Nueva Galicia
Authors: Salas Hernández Juana Elizabeth 
Published: April 2021

La conformación territorial de la Monarquía Hispánica estuvo constituida por un proceso de terrirotialidad y desterritorialidad, que llevaron a la formación de fronteras administrativas, sociales, imaginarias, geográficas y ambientales, mutables en el espacio y en el tiempo.
El reino de La Nueva Galicia en su conformación territorial durante los siglos XVI-XVII estuvo en una expansión y conquista constantes y por lo tanto la Tierra Adentro se fue modificando, y con ella la frontera. San Gregorio de Mazapil fue un Real de Minas, que desde su fundación en 1568, fungió como frontera administrativa entre el Reino de la Nueva Galicia y el de la Nueva Vizcaya, pero también fue frontera social, geográfica y ambiental. El artículo analiza al Real de Minas como estudio de caso, y reflexiona esas categorías, concentrándolas en la frontera social, geográfica y ambiental, para comprender el proceso de poblamiento y la transformación del paisaje durante los siglos XVI-XVII.
Criterios de evaluación de la calidad de las argumentaciones por estudiantes universitarios brazileros y colombianos
Authors: Ramírez Nancy , Latorre Diana 
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo problematiza sobre la evaluación de la argumentación como proceso complejo que involucra el examen de aspectos estructurales y validez del argumento, así como la situación comunicativa y las características del argumentador. Tiene como objetivo analizar el uso de criterios de evaluación de la calidad de las argumentaciones en estudiantes universitarios de Brasil y Colombia. Utilizó una metodología cualitativa para el análisis de una serie de casos, cinco estudiantes universitarios de psicología brasileños y cinco colombianos, escogidos a través de muestreo intencional. La construcción de datos se realizó en contexto de aula orientado al desarrollo de competencias argumentativas (identificación, producción y evaluación) y la construcción de conocimiento curricular. El corpus de análisis correspondió a evaluaciones online realizadas por estudiantes universitarios mientras examinan las argumentaciones producidas por sus colegas durante situaciones de debate crítico. Los hallazgos muestran comunalidades y diferencias, en cuanto al empleo de criterios de calidad del argumento (dialécticos, estructurales) y de la argumentación (pragmáticos y reflexivos) en los casos analizados de los dos países. Se evidencian transformaciones intra e interindividuales en la utilización de criterios para emitir juicios sobre los argumentos y las argumentaciones producidas por otras personas.
Analisis dan Perancangan Jaringan Komputer Tanpa Harddisk (Diskless) pada Laboratorium Jaringan AKN Pacitan Menggunakan Metode Preboot Execution Environtment (PXE)
Authors: Julianto Bagus , Nugroho Kurnianto Tri , Febryan Danny 
Published: April 2021

INTISARI
Perkembangan teknologi telah memberikan banyak perubahaan dalam segala aktivitas. Membuat pekerjaan lebih cepat dan efisien. Preeboot Execution Environtment (PXE) adalah salah satu perkembangan teknologi di bidang jaringan. PXE adalah sebuah mekanisme didalam jaringan yang memungkinkan sebuah klien dapat booting dan masuk kedalam sistem operasi tanpa menggunakan harddisk. Terdapat beberapa kuntungan diterapkannya metode ini diantaranya adalah kemudahan dalam melakukan maintenance laboratorium, keamanan dari penyalahgunaan komputer, dan virus. Laboratorium jaringan adalah salah satu laboratorium yang digunakan oleh program studi Pemeliharaan Komputer dan Jaringan Akademi Komunitas Negeri (AKN) Pacitan. Pranata Laboratorium Pendidikan (PLP) bertugas melakukan maintenance untuk memastikan komputer dapat berjalan dengan normal, jika terdapat kerusakan seperti serangan virus, penyalagunaan komputer, perangkat keras maka PLP harus melakukan perbaikan. Hal tersebut membutuhkan proses yang lama. Sehingga metode PXE sangat tepat diterapkan dalam laboratorium jaringan. Penerapan PXE dalam laboratorium jaringan berhasil dilakukan. Komputer klien dapat berjalan tanpa menggunakan harddisk. Komputer berjalan normal dengan lima klien. Dengan kecepatan jaringan rata-rata 98Mbps dan menggunakan hard drive konvensional untuk membaca dan menyimpan, prosesnya sangat lambat untuk 14 klien yang berjalan secara bersamaan.
ОПЕРАТИВНО-БОЙОВА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ РАДЯНСЬКИХ ОРГАНІВ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ НА ТЕРИТОРІЇ УКРАЇНИ У ПРОТИБОРСТВІ З ГІТЛЕРІВСЬКИМИ АГРЕСОРАМИ (1941–1945 рр.)
Authors: Вєдєнєєв Д.В. 
Published: April 2021

Стаття присвячена комплексному дослідженню провідних напря- мів оперативно-бойової діяльності радянських спецслужб на терито- рії України з метою виявлення їх внеску у відсіч нацистським агресорам та сприяння Діючій армії. В основу публікації покладено раніш недоступ- ні широкому колу дослідників документи органів НКВС-НКДБ з фондів Галузевих державних архівів СБ України та МВС України. Висвітлю- ються контррозвідувальна, зафронтова розвідувально-диверсійна робо- та органів НКВС-НКДБ УРСР, подаються основні результати діяльно- сті спецслужби у протиборстві із агресорами. Автор зосереджує увагу на спрямованості й змісті саме тих напрямів оперативно-бойової діяль- ності органів НКВС-НКДБ, котрі найбільшою мірою сприяли військово- му розгрому агресорів та визволенню України (одного із провідних ТВД Другої світової війни) й країн Східної Європи від нацизму.
Ключові слова: розвідка, контррозвідка, розвідувально-диверсійна діяльність, спецслужби, безпека, оперативне мистецтво спецслужб
Prevalence of Dental Caries in Children
Authors: Sikder Muhammad Alam , Faruqui Tasneem , Harun KM Abdullah Al , Mahmud Sajjad , Faruqui Radia 
Published: April 2021

This cross sectional study on oral condition among school going children in Sylhet city was conducted at Osmani Medical High School, Dorgah Gate, Sylhet, Bangladesh. This study was carried out on 8th October, 2019 among 208 students, mostly 12 years aged studying in Class VI. The main objective of the study was to assess the oral health condition of school going children through decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) status. Data was collected by personal interview and clinical examination of the respondents. Among 208 children, 96 (46.2%) were boys and 112 (53.8%) were girls. Among all, 63 (30.3%) respondents brush their teeth once daily while 137 (65.9 %) respondents brush twice a day, and 8 (3.8 %) of them brush their teeth more than twice daily. Fluoride containing toothpaste is used by 73 (35.1 %) students, 112 (53.8 %) students did not know whether their toothpaste contain fluoride or not, and 23 (11.1 %) students do not use fluoride. Among all respondents, 125(60.09 %) did not have any decayed tooth, while 83(39.90 %) had tooth decay, and 20(9.6 %) had their teeth filled. Normal gingival condition was found in 185 (88.94 %) subjects, but 23(11.06 %) of them had red or swollen gingiva. The mean DMFT of the study population was 1.19 which is considered as “low” according to “WHO quantification for the DMFT index”.
Update Dent. Coll. j: 2021; 11 (1): 4-6
Pengembangan Aplikasi Kamus Bergambar Untuk Pembelajaran Anak Berbasis Android
Authors: Adliani Suri , Helmiah Fauriatun , Rahmadani Nurul 
Published: April 2021

Abstract: In the world of education, a learning medium is needed, especially in an era that is all technological, it is hoped that students from TK Kemala Bhayangkari 08 Kisaran have a learning medium that is easier to understand and can be applied, for example by applying English learning using Android-based media, The system is designed using Adobe Flash CS6 and Action Script 3.0 Android Air Pugin for Adoobe Flash CS6 as a tool for making scripts on Android which aree displayed in the form of language and attractive images and sounds, so that children can easily learn basic English and better understand with the presence of images and sound. This application should be able to develop both emotional and spiritual intelligence of children and increase children’s insight in speaking English which was previously through independent learning or with other assistance for learning with Android-based English education, including images and sounds. Keywords: Android, Learning Media, Picture Dictionary Abstrak: Dalam dunia Pendidikan sangat dibutuhkan sebuah media belajar, apalagi di zaman yang sudah serba teknologi maka diharapkan murid dari TK Kemala Bhayangkari 08 Kisaran memiliki suatu media belajar yang lebih mudah dipahami dan dapat diterapkan, adapun contohnya dengan mengaplikasi kan pembelajaran bahasa Inggris menggunakan media berbasis Android, sistem yang dirancang menggunakan Adobe Flash CS6 dan Action Script 3.0 Android Air Pugin for Adobe Flash CS6 sebagai bahan bantu pembuatan script pada Android yang ditampilkan dalam bentuk bahasa serta gambar yang menarik dan suara, agar anak lebih mudah dalam mempelajari bahasa Inggris dasar serta lebih memahami dengan adanya gambar dan suara. Aplikasi ini harusnya dapat mengembangkan kecerdasan baik emosional dan spiritual anak dan menambah wawasan anak dalam mengucapkan bahasa Inggris, yang tadinya dengan cara belajar mandiri atau dengan pendampingan lain untuk pembelajaran dengan edukasi bahasa Inggris yang berbasis Android disertakan gambar dan suara. Kata Kunci : Android, Kamus Bergambar, Media Pembelajaran
Case Report: Wound Closure Acceleration in a Patient With Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Using a Lyophilised Amniotic Membrane
Authors: Lipový Bretislav , Hladík Martin , Štourač Petr , Forostyak Serhiy 
Published: April 2021

Background: Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare life-threatening disease that mainly affects the skin and mucous membranes, resulting from a toxic delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction (type IV reaction) to the presence of foreign antigens such as drugs. The clinical symptoms are caused by pathophysiological processes leading to massive apoptosis of keratinocytes in the dermo-epidermal junction. This results in the formation of a bulla and subsequent separation of the entire epidermis with the exposure of the dermis. The current approach in the local therapy of TEN prefers the use of biological dressings, which helps provide several critical requirements for defect healing; in particular, it helps in the acceleration of the spontaneous wound closure (re-epithelialization) of the skin defect and the reduction of the risk of development of various complications and infections, such as the risk of pathological scar maturation. This paper is a case report of the use of a lyophilized amniotic membrane (AM) for accelerating wound healing in a patient with TEN.Case Presentation: We report a case of an 8-year-old girl transferred to our center with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of TEN. Despite the application of immunosuppressive therapy consisting of corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulins, we have observed disease progression and exfoliation of up to 60% of the total body surface area (TBSA). In the facial area, which is cosmetically privileged, we decided to use the lyophilized amniotic membrane (Amnioderm®) to cover up approximately 2% of the TBSA. Within 2 days after the application, we observed accelerated reepithelialisation, with rapid wound closure. We have not observed any side effects nor infections during the subsequent phases of wound healing. Skin defects in non-facial areas of the body were treated with synthetic dressings. When compared to the areas covered with the lyophilized AM, the healing process was prolonged.Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first case study using a lyophilized amniotic membrane in the treatment of a patient with TEN. The AM application in the cosmetically-privileged area (face), proved to be very efficient in the treatment of TEN patients. The use of this allogeneic material demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and caused a unique acceleration of epithelialization and wound healing, yielding also excellent long-term results. The current study opens broad possibilities for clinical application of the used material, the improvement of current therapy of patients with TEN and better outcomes and recovery of patients.
Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol 4: The Notable Risk Factor of Coronary Artery Disease Development
Authors: Wu Dongmei , Yang Qiuju , Su Baohua , Hao Jia , Ma Huirong , Yuan Weilan , Gao Junhui , Ding Feifei , Xu Yue , Wang Huifeng , Zhao Jiangman , Li Bingqiang 
Published: April 2021

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, which has a long asymptomatic period of atherosclerosis. Thus, it is crucial to develop efficient strategies or biomarkers to assess the risk of CAD in asymptomatic individuals.Methods: A total of 356 consecutive CAD patients and 164 non-CAD controls diagnosed using coronary angiography were recruited. Blood lipids, other baseline characteristics, and clinical information were investigated in this study. In addition, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) subfractions were classified and quantified using the Lipoprint system. Based on these data, we performed comprehensive analyses to investigate the risk factors for CAD development and to predict CAD risk.Results: Triglyceride, LDLC-3, LDLC-4, LDLC-5, LDLC-6, and total small and dense LDL-C were significantly higher in the CAD patients than those in the controls, whereas LDLC-1 and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) had significantly lower levels in the CAD patients. Logistic regression analysis identified male [odds ratio (OR) = 2.875, P &lt; 0.001], older age (OR = 1.018, P = 0.025), BMI (OR = 1.157, P &lt; 0.001), smoking (OR = 4.554, P &lt; 0.001), drinking (OR = 2.128, P &lt; 0.016), hypertension (OR = 4.453, P &lt; 0.001), and diabetes mellitus (OR = 8.776, P &lt; 0.001) as clinical risk factors for CAD development. Among blood lipids, LDLC-3 (OR = 1.565, P &lt; 0.001), LDLC-4 (OR = 3.566, P &lt; 0.001), and LDLC-5 (OR = 6.866, P &lt; 0.001) were identified as risk factors. To predict CAD risk, six machine learning models were constructed. The XGboost model showed the highest AUC score (0.945121), which could distinguish CAD patients from the controls with a high accuracy. LDLC-4 played the most important role in model construction.Conclusions: The established models showed good performance for CAD risk prediction, which can help screen high-risk CAD patients in asymptomatic population, so that further examination and prevention treatment might be taken before any sudden or serious event.
Photocatalytic Applications of Fe–Ag Co-Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles in Removal of Flumioxazin Pesticide Residues in Water
Authors: Nageswara Rao Tentu , Prashanthi Y. , Ahmed Faheem , Kumar Shalendra , Arshi Nishat , Rajasekhar Reddy G. , Manohra Naidu Tentu 
Published: April 2021

Fe–Ag co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared as a photocatalyst using a precipitation method for the removal of flumioxazin pesticide residues in water. The analytical method was validated with specificity, linearity, recovery, precision, the limit of quantification, and detection limit. Linearity was determined by different known concentrations of standard solutions. Detection limit was identified as the lowest concentration resulting in a 3-fold response to baseline noise. Photolytic and photocatalytic studies were conducted in borosil glass bottles under sunlight at a single fortification level (1.0 μg/mL) in Milli-Q water with various pH values (pH 4.0, 7.0, and 9.0). The optimum catalyst concentration recommended for complete degradation was found to be 50 mg/L under sunlight. The HPLC-UV method was used to determine flumioxazin residues in water, and the rate constant, DT50, and DT90 values were calculated from the data obtained. The photolytic results do not indicate a significant residue loss due to adsorption. Fe–Ag co-doped TiO2 NPs are an outstanding decontaminating catalyst in various water samples.
Subtypes of Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness
Authors: Yagi Chihiro , Morita Yuka , Kitazawa Meiko , Yamagishi Tatsuya , Ohshima Shinsuke , Izumi Shuji , Takahashi Kuniyuki , Horii Arata 
Published: April 2021

Background: Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) is a persistent chronic vestibular syndrome exacerbated by upright posture/walking, active or passive motion, and exposure to moving or complex visual stimuli. PPPD has four precursors: phobic postural vertigo, space-motion discomfort, visual vertigo, and chronic subjective dizziness. These four diseases share clinical features that form the basis of the diagnostic criteria for PPPD. Semiological similarities do not necessarily mean that PPPD is a single entity. However, if PPPD is not a single disorder but just a composite of four precursors, it may be subdivided according to the characteristics of each precursor.Objective: To test whether PPPD is a single disorder, we attempted a subtyping of PPPD.Methods: One-hundred-eight untreated patients with PPPD were enrolled in the study, who filled out the Niigata PPPD Questionnaire (NPQ) that consists of 12 questions on exacerbating factors for PPPD. A factor analysis of the patients' answers to the NPQ and a subsequent cluster analysis of the patients with PPPD using factors revealed by the factor analysis were performed. To validate our cluster classification, cluster differences were assessed using analysis of variance. Multiple comparison analyses were performed on demographical data, precipitating diseases, the Dizziness Handicap Inventory, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and several vestibular tests to characterize each cluster.Results: Factor analysis revealed three underlying factors among the exacerbating factors in the NPQ. Exacerbation by visual stimuli (visual factor) accounted for 47.4% of total variance in the questionnaire. Exacerbation by walking/active motion (active-motion factor) and by passive motion/standing (passive-motion/standing factor) accounted for 12.0 and 7.67% of variance, respectively. Cluster analysis revealed three clusters: the visual-dominant subtype (n = 49); the active motion-dominant subtype (n = 20); and the mixed subtype (n = 39). The patients in the active motion-dominant subtype were significantly older than those in the visual-dominant subtype. There were no significant differences among the subtypes in other demographical data or conventional vestibular tests.Conclusions: The most common main exacerbating factor of PPPD was the visual factor. PPPD may be categorized into three subtypes. Conventional vestibular tests failed to point the characteristics of each subtype.
On the Importance of Individualized, Non-Coplanar Beam Configurations in Mediastinal Lymphoma Radiotherapy, Optimized With Automated Planning
Authors: Rossi Linda , Cambraia Lopes Patricia , Marques Leitão Joana , Janus Cecile , van de Pol Marjan , Breedveld Sebastiaan , Penninkhof Joan , Heijmen Ben J.M. 
Published: April 2021

Background and PurposeLiterature is non-conclusive regarding selection of beam configurations in radiotherapy for mediastinal lymphoma (ML) radiotherapy, and published studies are based on manual planning with its inherent limitations. In this study, coplanar and non-coplanar beam configurations were systematically compared, using a large number of automatically generated plans.Material and MethodsAn autoplanning workflow, including beam configuration optimization, was configured for young female ML patients. For each of 25 patients, 24 plans with different beam configurations were generated with autoplanning: 11 coplanar CP_x plans and 11 non-coplanar NCP_x plans with x = 5 to 15 IMRT beams with computer-optimized, patient-specific configurations, and the coplanar VMAT and non-coplanar Butterfly VMAT (B-VMAT) beam angle class solutions (600 plans in total).ResultsAutoplans compared favorably with manually generated, clinically delivered plans, ensuring that beam configuration comparisons were performed with high quality plans. There was no beam configuration approach that was best for all patients and all plan parameters. Overall there was a clear tendency towards higher plan quality with non-coplanar configurations (NCP_x≥12 and B-VMAT). NCP_x≥12 produced highly conformal plans with on average reduced high doses in lungs and patient and also a reduced heart Dmean, while B-VMAT resulted in reduced low-dose spread in lungs and left breast.ConclusionsNon-coplanar beam configurations were favorable for young female mediastinal lymphoma patients, with patient-specific and plan-parameter-dependent dosimetric advantages of NCP_x≥12 and B-VMAT. Individualization of beam configuration approach, considering also the faster delivery of B-VMAT vs. NCP_x≥12, can importantly improve the treatments.
Rectum Protection by Rectal Gel Injection in Cervical Cancer Brachytherapy: A Dosimetric Study via Deformable Surface Dose Accumulation and Machine-Learning-Based Discriminative Modeling
Authors: Wang Xuetao , Zhang Bailin , He Qiang , Kong Yilin , Dai Zhenhui , Meng Haoyu , Huang Fangjun , Zhang Shengfeng , Zhu Yuanhu , Tan Xiang , Zhen Xin 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThis retrospective study aimed to evaluate the dosimetric effects of a rectal insertion of Kushen Ningjiao on rectal protection using deformable dose accumulation and machine learning–based discriminative modelling.Materials and MethodsSixty-two patients with cervical cancer enrolled in a clinical trial, who received a Kushen Ningjiao injection of 20 g into their rectum for rectal protection via high–dose rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT, 6 Gy/f), were studied. The cumulative equivalent 2-Gy fractional rectal surface dose was deformably summed using an in-house-developed topography-preserved point-matching deformable image registration method. The cumulative three-dimensional (3D) dose was flattened and mapped to a two-dimensional (2D) plane to obtain the rectal surface dose map (RSDM). For analysis, the rectal dose (RD) was further subdivided as follows: whole, anterior, and posterior 3D-RD and 2D-RSDM. The dose–volume parameters (DVPs) were extracted from the 3D-RD, while the dose geometric parameters (DGPs) and textures were extracted from the 2D-RSDM. These features were fed into 192 classification models (built with 8 classifiers and 24 feature selection methods) for discriminating the dose distributions between pre-Kushen Ningjiao and pro-Kushen Ningjiao.ResultsThe rectal insertion of Kushen Ningjiao dialated the rectum in the ambilateral direction, with the rectal column increased from pre-KN 15 cm3 to post-KN 18 cm3 (P &lt; 0.001). The characteristics of DGPs accounted for the largest portions of the top-ranked features. The top-ranked dosimetric features extracted from the posterior rectum were more reliable indicators of the dosimetric effects/changes introduced by the rectal insertion of Kushen Ningjiao. A significant dosimetric impact was found on the dose–volume parameters D1.0cc–D2.5cc extracted on the posterior rectal wall.ConclusionsThe rectal insertion of Kushen Ningjiao incurs significant dosimetric changes on the posterior rectal wall. Whether this effect is eventually translated into clinical gains requires further long-term follow-up and more clinical data for confirmation.