bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of substrate surface roughness on the wear of molybdenum disulphate coated rolling contact bearings
Authors: Gokce Bahar , Geren Necdet , Izciler Mahmut 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The objective of the present experimental work is to investigate the influence of subsurface roughness on the friction and wear performance of high-temperature ball bearing. Bearings, which are used in high-temperature applications, are affected by several operating conditions. Some factors under high-temperature conditions such as short grease life, thin-film thickness at low speed, and insufficient internal clearance can drastically reduce bearing service life due to an increase in surface friction. For this reason, rolling contact bearings are coated with molybdenum disulfide. Before the molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) coating, phosphatization is applied to the bearings. Because the phosphate layer is micro-porous, it assures that molybdenum disulfide is entrapped in the interstitials between the phosphates. Also, phosphate coating provides a much larger surface area for the lubricant to attach to. In this study, several process steps, sandblasting, manganese phosphate coating, molybdenum disulfide coating, friction moment testing, wear testing, wear depth measurement, SEM, and XRD analyses were carried out. Wear tests and friction moment tests were applied to the rings of bearings of varied raceway roughness. This process ultimately provides molybdenum disulfide coated bearings optimum raceway roughness parameters for good wear resistance and optimum boundary lubrication.
Health detection techniques for historic structures
Authors: Luo Dong , Wang Shangwei , Du Xiaohong , Zhao Peng , Lu Tian , Yang Hangting , Frank Chen Y. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The protection of historic buildings has drawn increasing attention and usually requires a sound nondestructive testing (NDT) technique. This paper first describes the significance of and the status on the protection of historic structures followed by a summary of common damage and repair measures for such structures. Lastly, the principles, characteristics, and applications of NDT techniques for historic wooden and masonry structures, including ultra-CT testing, stress wave testing, micro-drilling resistance meter, radar detection, and X-ray diffraction, are described and compared. This study concludes by providing a guide for studying the structural damage of historic structures and for the selection of a detection technique.
Engineering gallium phosphide nanostructures for efficient nonlinear photonics and enhanced spectroscopies
Authors: Moretti Gianni Q. , Cortés Emiliano , Maier Stefan A. , Bragas Andrea V. , Grinblat Gustavo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Optical resonances arising from quasi-bound states in the continuum (QBICs) have been recently identified in nanostructured dielectrics, showing ultrahigh quality factors accompanied by very large electromagnetic field enhancements. In this work, we design a periodic array of gallium phosphide (GaP) elliptical cylinders supporting, concurrently, three spectrally separated QBIC resonances with in-plane magnetic dipole, out-of-plane magnetic dipole, and electric quadrupole characters. We numerically explore this system for second-harmonic generation and degenerate four-wave mixing, demonstrating giant per unit cell conversion efficiencies of up to ∼ 2 W−1 and ∼ 60 W−2, respectively, when considering realistic introduced asymmetries in the metasurface, compatible with current fabrication limitations. We find that this configuration outperforms by up to more than four orders of magnitude the response of low-Q Mie or anapole resonances in individual GaP nanoantennas with engineered nonlinear mode-matching conditions. Benefiting from the straight-oriented electric field of one of the examined high-Q resonances, we further propose a novel nanocavity design for enhanced spectroscopies by slotting the meta-atoms of the periodic array. We discover that the optical cavity sustains high-intensity fields homogeneously distributed inside the slot, delivering its best performance when the elliptical cylinders are cut from end to end forming a gap, which represents a convenient model for experimental investigations. When placing an electric point dipole inside the added aperture, we find that the metasurface offers ultrahigh radiative enhancements, exceeding the previously reported slotted dielectric nanodisk at the anapole excitation by more than two orders of magnitude.
Thermal aging behavior characteristics of asphalt binder modified by nano-stabilizer based on DSR and AFM
Authors: Sun Xiaolong , Yuan Junshen , Zhang Yikang , Yin Yingmei , Lv Jianbing , Jiang Shuo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In order to clarify the effect of thermal aging on the nano-stabilized modified asphalt binder, TINUVIN 770 (T770) hindered amine light stabilizer of nanoscale was selected as aging modifying agent to prepare modified asphalt. The impact of thermal aging on the rheological properties of T770-modified asphalt was investigated using dynamic shear rheological test of frequency sweep and multiple stress creep recovery test. The surface roughness variation of T770-modified asphalt was characterized by using atomic force microscope throughout the thermal aging process. Furthermore, the typical morphology and parameter features of T770-modified asphalt were identified. The results showed that with the extension of thermal aging time, the high temperature rutting resistance of T770-modified asphalt was improved, while the unrecoverable creep compliance was degraded. When the thermal aging time exceeded 6 h, the bee structure appeared on the surface of T770-modified asphalt. Meanwhile, with the increase in thermal aging time, the special structure formed on the surface of asphalt gradually became smaller. The surface fluctuation difference of T770-modified asphalt reflected the better thermal aging resistance property of T770-modified asphalt than 70# asphalt.
Genome-wide analysis of thyroid function in Australian adolescents highlights SERPINA7 and NCOA3
Authors: Nolan James , Campbell Purdey J , Brown Suzanne J , Zhu Gu , Gordon Scott , Lim Ee Mun , Joseph John , Cross Simone M , Panicker Vijay , Medland Sarah E , Melton Phillip E , Beilin Lawrence J , Mori Trevor A , Mullin Benjamin H , Pennell Craig E , Wang Carol A , Dudbridge Frank , Walsh John P , Martin Nicholas G , Wilson Scott G 
Published: September 2021

Objective
Genetic factors underpin the narrow intraindividual variability of thyroid function, although precise contributions of environmental vs genetic factors remain uncertain. We sought to clarify the heritability of thyroid function traits and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) positivity and identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) contributing to the trait variance.

Methods
Heritability of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4 (fT4), free T3 (fT3) and TPOAb in a cohort of 2854 euthyroid, dizygous and monozygous twins (age range 11.9–16.9 years) from the Brisbane Longitudinal Twin Study (BLTS) was assessed using structural equation modelling. A genome-wide analysis was conducted on 2832 of these individuals across 7 522 526 SNPs as well as gene-based association analyses. Replication analysis of the association results was performed in the Raine Study (n = 1115) followed by meta-analysis to maximise power for discovery.

Results
Heritability of thyroid function parameters in the BLTS was 70.8% (95% CI: 66.7–74.9%) for TSH, 67.5% (59.8–75.3%) for fT4, 59.7% (54.4–65.0%) for fT3 and 48.8% (40.6–56.9%) for TPOAb. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the discovery cohort identified a novel association between rs2026401 upstream of NCOA3 and TPOAb. GWAS meta-analysis found associations between TPOAb and rs445219, also near NCOA3, and fT3 and rs12687280 near SERPINA7. Gene-based association analysis highlighted SERPINA7 for fT3 and NPAS3 for fT4.

Conclusion
Our findings resolve former contention regarding heritability estimates of thyroid function traits and TPOAb positivity. GWAS and gene-based association analysis identified variants accounting for a component of this heritability.
The adjective: an eminently syncategorematic part of speech
Authors: Goes Jan 
Published: September 2021

In this article we propose an alternative to the theories which subdivide the adjective into three major types (qualifier, relational, adjective of the third type), themselves subdivided into several subclasses. We believe instead that there is only one adjectival lexeme with different uses (unitary hypothesis). To do this, we start from the two ways of looking for the adjectival prototype: on the one hand, the abstract prototype built by accumulating criteria, on the other, the semantic prototype. We examine the behavior of occurrences of the abstract prototype (admirable, monumental) and the semantic prototype (grand) with respect to gradation, the attributive function (more specifically the place of the adjective) and the predicative function. The examples show not only that the two prototype models can be reconciled, but above all that the behavior and the meaning of any adjective depend in large part on the noun it qualifies, a result which confirms our unitary hypothesis. The syntactic-semantic dependence of the adjective on the supporting substantive is such that it can be concluded that the adjective is a syncategorematic part of speech, rather than a polysemous one.
Outline of a Linguistic Model for the Study of Emerging Naming
Authors: Jackiewicz Agata 
Published: September 2021

The article presents the outline of a linguistic model that is part of a methodology for identifying and analyzing emerging or referentially unstable namings, such as cultural appropriation, street harassment, climate refugee or ecocide. The model and the method are intended to guide the interpretation – manual or semi-automatic – of the referential expressions, according to the semantic-cognitive type of the designated entity (human entity, social process, event, etc.), but also taking into account interdiscursive negotiations that affect the choice of terms and their uses. The proposed approach is original and is based on several guiding ideas: (1) take into account the complexity of the naming and the entanglement of his different facets which are categorization, meaning, performativity and valuation (desirability, preferences, social norms), (2) target the development phase of the naming (observe how speakers deal with the unstable): for this purpose, we will use the notion of identification between weak or identified entities and strong or reference entities, (3) report in an integrated way the referential elaboration of knowledge, the lexical and semantic elaboration of expressions, and the expression of intersubjective attitudes. The scientific framework combines three main disciplinary areas: automatic language processing (construction and representation of knowledge, reference), semantics (elaboration of meanings) and discourse analysis (interdiscursive elaboration of concepts and terms).
Violencia ritual en la obra Caudillo con bebé del artista colombiano Rosemberg Sandoval
Authors: Rubio Fernández Clara Teresa 
Published: September 2021

Este análisis de la obra Caudillo con bebé 2000-2007 del artista colombiano Rosemberg Sandoval parte de la consideración de la repetición de patrones poéticos que se dan en la obra de arte y el concepto de sacrificio desde diversas líneas de pensamiento, que genera una conexión entre la violencia ritual ejercida en la infancia, por ejemplo en el ritual de Capacocha, con la violencia ejercida sobre la infancia en la actualidad.
Surgical glance at pancreatic arterial anatomy
Authors: Kriger A. G. , Pronin N. A. , Dvukhzhilov M. V. , Gorin D. S. , Pavlov A. V. , Karmazonovsky G. G. 
Published: September 2021

Aim. Study of anatomical variations of the pancreatic neck blood supply, which may affect the results of pancreaticoduodenectomy.Material and methods. Anatomic characteristics of arterial blood supply of pancreas were studied in 42 autopsied cases, who died from diseases not associated with abdominal organs failure. Clinical part of our study included 62 patients. Arterial anatomy was examined during early arterial phase of computer tomography. Options of the origin of the dorsa pancreatic artery were noted. All patients had “soft” pancreas confirmed by morphological examination and computer tomography. Main group included 20 patients. Dissection of the pancreas during pancreatoduodenectomy in this group were performed 10–15 mm left of portal vein confluence. Control (retrospective) group included 42 patients performed standard procedure, when pancreas was dissected above the portal vein confluence.Results. It was found that the neck of pancreas was supplied from dorsal pancreatic artery, found in all specimens. In 76% of cases it was a branch of splenic artery, in other cases – a branch of superior mesenteric artery. CT scan revealed the dorsal pancreatic artery in 54 (87.1%) people, in 8 patients the artery could not be identified. The dorsal pancreatic artery was a branch of the splenic artery in 64.8% of cases. In other cases it was a branch of the superior mesenteric artery, common hepatic artery, gastroduodenal artery and middle colon artery. If the dorsal pancreatic artery was a branch of the superior mesenteric, common hepatic, gastroduodenal artery, it was transected during lymphadenectomy. This led to higher frequency of postoperative pancreatic fistula.Conclusion. Localization of dorsal pancreatic artery must be taken into account during the pancreatoduodenectomy. That allows to decrease probability of postoperative pancreatic fistula.
Differentiated approach of using extraction balloon catheters in endoscopic biliary surgery
Authors: Kotovskiy A. E. , Magomedova B. M. , Glebov K. G. , Martyntsov A. A. , Mahmudova A. K. , Prividentseva A. S. 
Published: September 2021

Aim. Expand and determinate indications for using of extraction balloon catheters in endoscopic biliary surgery, as an additional and auxiliary endoscopic technique, which optimizes the technical conditions for performing medical and diagnostic tasks.Material and methods. We used disposable two- and three-lumen extraction balloon catheters with a diameter of 7.5 Fr. The catheters assumed delivery of an extractor balloon along a conductor with a diameter of 0.35 in into the bile duct, and also made it possible to inject a radiopaque substance. 136 retrograde endoscopic interventions were performed on the bile ducts using extraction balloon catheters.Research results. Indications for the use of an extractor balloon have been determined and proposed as a conventional standard. Interventions on the bile ducts were carried out using only a balloon catheter and in combination with a Dormia basket (n = 61). An extraction balloon catheter was used during retrograde endoscopic intervention on the bile ducts as an additional diagnostic endoscopic manipulation to facilitate the performance of the diagnostic task (n = 38). The device was also used to optimize the technical conditions of medical and diagnostic tasks (n = 37). 116 patients had benign diseases, 20 patients had tumor lesion.Сonclusion. The main function of an extraction balloon catheter is to move or displace the contents from the proximal to the distal parts of the bile duct, followed by its extraction into the duodenum. The design characteristics of the instrument make it possible to significantly expand the indications for its use, including not for its intended purpose, but as an additional method, optimizes the technical conditions for performing medical and diagnostic tasks. The endoscopic extraction balloon catheter is a multipurpose instrument that can be used to solve both diagnostic and therapeutic tasks of retrograde interventions on the bile ducts.
Мinimally invasive stent technologies in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery
Authors: Karpov O. E. , Vetshev P. S. , Bruslik S. V. , Maady A. S. , Sviridova T. I. , Aliev F. 
Published: September 2021

Aim. To compare the aspects of the use of various stents in hepatopancreatobiliary zone diseases.Materials and methods. We analyzed the experience of using biliary plastic and metal self-expanding stents placed by the antegrade percutaneous (n = 45) or retrograde endoscopic method (n = 160). Pancreatic stenting with 5 Fr plastic stents was performed in 35 patients.Results. Our experience shows the high efficiency of stenting performed by antegrade and endoscopic retrograde access for bile and pancreatic ducts obstruction. Pancreatic stenting is justified in the prevention of acute pancreatitis (in the presence of a risk factor) and in treatment of post-ERCP pancreatitis, as well as in the treatment of acute biliary pancreatitis with impacted stone in papilla Vater.Conclusion. Minimally invasive technologies has a leading role in the treatment of patients with ductal failure of the hepatopancreatobiliary zone. Stenting should be used to prepare for radical surgery or as a final palliative treatment method. A differentiated approach is important in selecting a stent, depending on the specific clinical task. For biliary drainage in patients with obstructive jaundice of various etiologies, it is permissible to use both the retrograde and antegrade stenting. The choice of the decompression method depends on the level of the biliary obstruction, the cause of obstructive jaundice, the technical equipment of the department and the training of specialists in retrograde and (or) antegrade endobiliary technologies. Antegrade access is preferred for proximal obstruction of the bile ducts, retrograde endoscopic access is preferred for distal obstruction.
Alterations in the management for patients with retroduodenal perforations after transpapillary interventions
Authors: Shapovalianz S. G. , Budzinskiy S. A. , Bordikov M. V. , Fedorov E. D. , Budzinskiy A. S. 
Published: September 2021

Aim. To evaluate treatment results of retroduodenal perforations after transpapillary endoscopic procedures, considering new possibilities of modern minimally invasive interventions.Materials and methods. Perforations were identified in 29(0,5%) cases from 5943 endoscopic retrograde procedures in Moscow City Hospital №31 since 01.01.2010 to 01.01.2021. There were 24(82,8 %) women and 5(17,2%) men in the age from 29 to 89 years (median age – 64.2 ± 14.9 years) Endoscopic papillosphincterotomy was performed n 25 (86.2%) cases (in 5 – incisional), with additional lithoextraction in 12 (46.7%), endoscopic papillectomy – in 4 (10%) cases. Perforations developed in 27 (93,1%) patients with two and more risk factors.Results. Combination of endoscopic and conservative treatment was applied to cure the perforation in 24 cases (82.8%). A fully covered self-expandable metal stent was placed in 16 (66.7%) cases, and clips were applied to stenting in 2(8.3%) cases. Isolated endocliping was performed in 5 (20.8%) patients, and a plastic biliary stent – in 1(4.2%) case. Other 5(17.2%) patients underwent conservative (3) and surgical (2) treatment only. Satisfactory results were achieved in 23(79.3%) cases, when combination of endoscopic and conservative therapy was performed. Mortality was observed in 6(20.7%) cases (isolated conservative therapy (3), surgical treatment (2) and endoscopic placement of a plastic biliary stent (1).Conclusion. Retroduodenal perforations can lead to death in 20.7% cases, according to our data. Timely diagnosis and using a combination of conservative and endoscopic methods as biliary stenting with fully covered self-expandable metal stent and endocliping allowed to achieve recovery in all cases.
High-Resolution Crustal Shear-Wave Velocity Structure in the Pearl River Delta, South China
Authors: Lü Zuoyong , Huang Haibo , Ye Xiuwei , Lü Jinshui , Xiong Cheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We present a high-resolution shear-wave velocity model of the upper-middle crust beneath the Pearl River Delta. The sedimentary basins are characterized by low-velocity anomalies at depths of 6–8 km and reflect the lateral migration of the deposition centers. High-velocity structures are located predominantly in Hong Kong, and outline the supervolcano conduit and magma reservoir in the crust. We observe contrasting velocity structures across the Lianhuashan fault zone (LFZ) where low-velocity anomaly zones (LVZs) are developed in different strikes. Microseismic swarms at depths of 8–16 km mainly occurred at the intersection of the LVZs. Metamorphic fluids and migration in the crust are proposed to interpret the seismic activity. The intersecting LVZs would increase the lithologic permeability to allow deep-rooted fluids to flow up, whereas the overlying high-velocity structures representing the overflowing magma act as a permeable barrier that confines the seismicity in the middle-lower crust. We anticipate that the detailed subsurface structures will help correlate magmatic remnants with the distribution of intraplate earthquakes and assess the earthquake risks in the Greater Bay Area of China.
The depth of the October 1981 off Chile outer-rise earthquake (Ms = 7.2) estimated by a comparison of several waveform inversion methods
Authors: Honda Satoru , Kawakatsu Hitoshi , Seno Tetsuzo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The determination of source depth of the October 1981 (Ms = 7.2) outer-rise earthquake off the Chilean coast has important implications for the stress state of the subducting plate. We analyze the Chile earthquake using three different waveform inversion methods in order to check the consistency of these methods and to estimate the source depth. The methods we used are:
These methods give consistent results which suggest that the centroid depth and depth extent of the Chile earthquake lies between 20 to 45 km, measured from the sea surface. This conclusion is contradictory to those obtained by the previous workers who prefer a shallow (&lt;25 km) source depth. We found that the GDSN long-period data alone cannot constrain the source depth well. The shape of deconvolved source-time function is found to be strongly dependent on the assumption of point and distributed sources and the crustal structure used in the deconvolution. The source depth obtained in this study shows that the 1981 Chile outer-rise earthquake possibly occurred because of the compression associated with the bending of the subducting plate.
Two-dimensional model for site-effect studies of microtremors in the San Fernando Valley
Authors: Novaro O. , Seligman T. H. , Alvarez-Tostado J. M. , Mateos J. L. , Flores J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA new model is developed for the resonant response of ground motion in enclosed sedimentary basins. In their study of deeply embanked sediment-filled valleys, Bard and Bouchon (1980 a, b; 1985) show that reflections and refractions at the valley's edges generate important conversion of incident SV waves to horizontally propagating P waves which establish lateral resonance patterns. Our model is related to these results through the use of two approximations: reflecting edges and horizontal P waves. This model allows us to calculate lateral resonances in a given sedimentary basin for any shape of its borders. We apply this model to the actual shape of San Fernando Valley and account for the large differential amplifications reported by Kagami et al. (1986) in their two-dimensional study of microtremors in this basin. We obtain a map of amplifications in the surface of the San Fernando Valley that shows a remarkable coincidence with the microtremor experimental data.