bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Report on 3,143.6-km Time and Frequency Transfer Fiber Link with Ps-level Stability
Authors: Liu Bo , Guo Xinxing , Chen Jiang , Zhou Yanli , Liu Tao , Dong Ruifang , Zhang Shougang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This letter describes the implementation of a high-precision time and frequency transmission system using a two-way and wavelength division multiplexing scheme over 3,143.6 km of field fiber links, connecting 21 sites between Xi’an and Beijing, China. This scheme incorporates a link noise clean-up system (LNCUS), wherein a controlled very-low-phase noise BVA oscillator acts as an internal frequency source at the relay site to effectively suppress the interference caused by the fiber link noise. Additionally, the high-stability pulse generation technology in the LNCPS provides sufficient short-term stability to significantly improve the stability of the fiber time transfer. The results indicate a time transfer stability in terms of time deviation (TDEV) of less than 2.07 ps@1s, 5.9 ps@100,000s, and combined uncertainty of less than 49.29 ps for the 3,143.6 km field fiber link. The results represent a significant breakthrough in achieving high-accuracy time transfer and continuous operation over ultralong-span field optical fibers exceeding 3,000 km for the first time. This enabled time transfer and synchronization services over the longest international optical fiber distance, thereby establishing a fundamental basis for constructing a nationwide high-precision time service through optical fiber networks.
BYSpec: An Automatic Data Reduction Package for BFOSC and YFOSC Spectroscopic Data
Authors: Zhang Zi-Chong , Zhang Jun-Bo , Zhang Ju-Jia , Song De-Yang , Chen Jing , Ding Ming-Yi , Zhou Nan , Wang Liang , Zhang Kai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
BFOSC and YFOSC are the most frequently used instruments in the Xinglong 2.16 m telescope and Lijiang 2.4 m telescope, respectively. We developed a software package named “BYSpec” (BFOSC and YFOSC Spectra Reduction Package) dedicated to automatically reducing the long-slit and echelle spectra obtained by these two instruments. The package supports bias and flat-fielding correction, order location, background subtraction, automatic wavelength calibration, and absolute flux calibration. The optimal extraction method maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio and removes most of the cosmic rays imprinted in the spectra. A comparison with the 1D spectra reduced with IRAF verifies the reliability of the results. This open-source software is publicly available to the community.
Wheat genotypes selected for their high early daytime stomatal conductance under elevated nocturnal temperatures maintain high yield and biomass
Authors: Pinto R Suzuky , Garatuza-Payán Jaime , Murchie Erik H , Reynolds Matthew P , Yepez Enrico A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Global nighttime temperatures are increasing and correlate with a decline in crop yield. Various aspects of nocturnal physiology in plants are under-studied, one of which is the independent influence on daytime processes. Twelve elite wheat genotypes were field-grown in plots with artificially increased nighttime temperatures (+ 2°C). The stomatal conductance on the adaxial and abaxial leaf side was measured during the morning and the night, and stomatal morphological traits were assessed during the same period of plant growth. To determine whether an increase in early daytime stomatal conductance provides a growth and/or yield advantage under high temperature, the biomass, grain number, grain weight, and grain yield were measured. Genotypes exhibiting the highest early daytime stomatal conductance also showed higher biomass, grain number, and yield. An increase of 19 % in early daytime stomatal conductance led to a yield increase of 86 and 65 gm-2, in heated and control conditions respectively, translating to 43 and 35 % yield enhancement. Irrespective of the environment, the adaxial leaf side showed the highest diurnal and nocturnal conductance, mirroring direct stomatal aperture (SA) measurements. The high nighttime temperature treatment increased daytime stomatal conductance but reduced nocturnal conductance. SA varied with growing conditions; in the morning, plants under high nighttime temperatures showed larger SA than those from the control independently of the leaf side, conversely, the opposite trend was observed in the night. Stomata on the adaxial leaf side showed higher density (SD) and larger size (SL). Results from this study show that early daytime conductance increased productivity in hot-irrigated environments studied here. Previous studies showed that high pre-dawn conductance improves morning photosynthesis, and here we find that high nocturnal temperatures increased early morning conductance but reduced night time conductance and this may be a factor that contributed to minimize yield losses.
Teacher resistance is real: incorporating creativity into primary ELT
Authors: Ahn Tae youn , Yim Su Yon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study investigated the intentions of experienced Korean primary school teachers to incorporate creative tasks into their English lessons. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four teachers who had participated in a working group for six months to develop and implement open-ended tasks to enhance creativity. Although the teachers developed positive attitudes towards the use of creative tasks as they implemented the developed lessons, they remained reluctant to use these lessons in their English classes, citing the national curriculum and English textbooks as major contextual constraints. However, further analysis of the interviews revealed that their resistance was more closely related to the tension between their stable beliefs about EFL teaching in general and their dynamic beliefs regarding creativity-based instruction. This study suggests that innovative pedagogies should be introduced by identifying and reworking the underlying beliefs that shape teachers’ intentions.
SoxR-dependent regulation of sodA1 and its impact on Stenotrophomonas maltophilia survival under external oxidative stress
Authors: Giengkam Suparat , Charoenlap Nisanart , Whangsuk Wirongrong , Bhinija Kisana , Mongkolsuk Skorn , Vattanaviboon Paiboon 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an emerging global opportunistic pathogen that causes nosocomial infections. We demonstrated that the superoxide stress-sensing transcriptional regulator SoxR directly modulated the expression of an operon encompassing sodA1 (encoding manganese-containing superoxide dismutase) and fre (encoding putative flavin reductase) by directly binding to the operator site, which was located between the −35 and −10 motifs of the sodA1 promoter. It is known that upon exposure to the superoxide generators/redox-cycling drugs, the SoxR, which is bound to the operator site, became oxidized. This oxidation causes a conformational change of SoxR to an active form, enabling the upregulation of sodA1–fre gene expression. A ΔsodA1 was constructed, and the mutant showed enhanced sensitivity to the redox-cycling drugs, including menadione, plumbagin, and methyl viologen (paraquat), relative to its parental strain K279a. Thus, sodA1 may play a role in the survival of S. maltophilia under superoxide stress during either its saprophyte stage (e.g. exposure to redox-cycling drugs) or host–pathogen interactions.
The relationship between Ribosome-associated Quality Control and neurological disorders
Authors: Wang Juan , Wang Jianhua , Cao Hanshuai , Xing Yingming , Wang Zhuoran , Ma Jing , Zhao Rongjuan , Zhang Wei , Guo Junhong , Chang Xueli 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Ribosome-associated quality control (RQC), a ubiquitous process essential for maintaining protein homeostasis in eukaryotes, acts as a critical surveillance system for protein translation. By identifying and eliminating stalled ribosomes, RQC prevents aberrant translation and the production of potentially toxic misfolded proteins. The review focuses on the role of RQC in mammals, where its complete functionality remains to be elucidated. This study delves into the mechanisms through which dysfunction in RQC plays a role in the development of neurological disorders, focusing on neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. We explore the underlying mechanisms by which RQC dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, particularly neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. Further research is crucial to unravel the intricate mechanisms governing RQC's influence on neurological function. This knowledge will pave the way for exploring therapeutic avenues targeting RQC factors as potential interventions for these debilitating diseases. By shedding light on RQC's contribution to neurological disorders, this review opens doors for developing targeted therapies and interventions.
Rewriting and Copyright Law: A Literary and Legal Analysis
Authors: Gollnast Carl , Gollnast Paul , Rauh Franziska 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In narrative literature, phrases, characters and plot elements frequently cross borders, moving from one text to another. In doing so they establish intertextual relations, including those particularly strong ones for which postcolonial and feminist literary theory have coined the term rewriting. This practice of ‘writing back to’ or rewriting existing works of literature is particularly significant as a means of expression for marginalized groups whose perspectives are missing from the pre-texts. Consequently, intertextual friction and a stance of resistance often mark the relationship between rewritings and their pre-texts. The focus of our multidisciplinary paper is to analyze the implications of rewriting for EU copyright law. Rewritings are contextualized on the continuum between infringing adaptation and free use outside the scope of protection. Copyright law faces the dilemma that it should reward the creative power of the pre-text’s author, while not stifling the creative power expressed in rewriting. We evoke a responsibility for copyright law to enable rewriting and assess potential strategies of how copyright law can meet this responsibility.
Climate matching models for Ceratapion basicorne (Coleoptera: Apionidae), a biocontrol agent of yellow starthistle
Authors: Barker Brittany S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Ceratapion basicorne (Illiger) (Coleoptera: Apionidae), a weevil native to Europe and western Asia, shows promise for enhancing the control of yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis L.), an invasive annual forb in the western United States. However, a paucity of data on this biocontrol agent’s environmental constraints has made it difficult to assess the suitability of potential release locations. Climate matching models were developed for C. basicorne to help identify areas of the western United States with similar climates to the source area of breeding colonies being used for releases (home location). The models used climate variables derived from daily estimates of minimum temperature, maximum temperature, precipitation, and soil moisture for a 30-yr period spanning 1991–2020 at 1 km2 resolution. Of the areas where C. solstitialis is known to occur, the Central California Foothills, Eastern Cascades Foothills, Columbia Plateau, and mountainous parts of northcentral Utah had the most similar climates to the home location. Of these areas, the Eastern Cascades foothills in northeastern California and Wasatch Range in Utah occurred at a similar latitude as the home location, which may be important to consider if C. basicorne has photoperiodic diapause. The least similar climates occurred in wet coastal regions, high-elevation (cold) mountains, and hot deserts; however, C. solstitialis has not been detected in most of these areas. The development of process-based models for predicting the establishment of this agent will require a more detailed understanding of the agent’s requirements for development and survival.
The trade and environment nexus: proposing a broad universal definition of environmental services
Authors: Butler Nicolette , Tarawneh Jasem 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Scholars and policymakers are increasingly reflecting on the capacity of international trade to contribute to the pursuance of environmental objectives. In this vein, this article focuses on the role of environmental services. Traditionally narrowly understood as end-of-pipe services, there is growing consensus that a broader range of services should be regarded as environmentally related. Accordingly, this article considers various previous attempts to define and classify environmental services, critically examining the suggestions and the underlying reasons why little to no practical progress has been made to date on this issue. Aiming to make tangible progress in this regard, a broad universal definition of the term environmental services and accompanying classification mechanism will be proposed herein. The suggested definition seeks to strike a balance between formality and flexibility, thereby striving to provide a definition that is suitable both for the purposes of analysis as well as making legal commitments on liberalization of such services.
Opportunities and challenges for fashion companies in the use of blockchain technology as a tool for product authentication and counterfeit prevention
Authors: Ciurel Anca 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Fashion companies protect and enforce their IP rights to scale and grow their business. Yet most fashion companies still face challenges in fighting counterfeit goods. This gap stands in the way of the success and prosperity of individual fashion businesses and the global fashion industry. Mainstreaming emerging technologies as tools for fashion businesses could narrow this gap. Fashion companies can use emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and blockchain for product authentication and counterfeit detection. Blockchain technology offers multiple solutions via digital twins, digital product passports, non-fungible tokens (NFTs), QR codes, and Near-Field Communication (NFC) chips to better authenticate fashion products while effectively detecting IP infringements. This article aims to showcase the opportunities and challenges in using blockchain technology as a tool for product authentication and counterfeit prevention. It focuses on the current state of the art in the use of blockchain technology in the fashion industry. It outlines initiatives that provide new blockchain solutions for fashion brands to better authenticate their products and win the fight against counterfeiting. The article concludes by comparing the use of blockchain technology by the fashion industry with other luxury sectors, such as the hard luxury sector, which includes watches and jewelry, the art and luxury furniture sectors, and the premium wine and spirits sectors.
Fashion 4.0 and emerging designers: leveraging data and AI to drive creativity, innovation and compliance in global supply chain regulation
Authors: Rockett Eleanor , Fenwick Mark , Jurcys Paulius 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper presents three interrelated arguments concerning the fashion industry and regulation. First, we propose that Bertola’s and Teunissen’s concept of Fashion 4.0 offers a powerful framework for understanding the organization of global fashion today. This model emphasizes the dynamic, decentralized and technology-driven character of the ‘smart factories’, ‘smart networks’ and ‘smart products’ that dominate the global fashion industry. The value of this framework is illustrated with contemporary examples from the UK. Second, we argue that increasing regulatory demands impose uncertain and costly compliance obligations on firms across multiple aspects of their operations and supply chain. Our discussion highlights the confluence of challenges related to intellectual property, value chain monitoring and AI regulation. We contend that smaller and medium-sized enterprises, particularly emerging designers, are disproportionately affected by this regulatory burden—a phenomenon we term the ‘tragic character’ of contemporary compliance. Finally, we explore how the challenge of navigating an increasingly complex business and regulatory landscape necessitates the deployment of ever-more sophisticated digital technologies, especially AI. We outline several potential applications of such technologies across the fashion industry. In conclusion, we suggest that in the context of Fashion 4.0, understanding the interaction between different regulatory schemes, as well as their effects on industry stakeholders, is becoming critical yet increasingly complex and opaque. This raises difficult questions about the limits of law and other regulatory schemes in fostering innovative, sustainable, and socially responsible business practices in the fashion sector.
Declining detections of the Plains Spotted Skunk in Kansas: conservation implications for the central Great Plains
Authors: Benson Daniel , de la Peña Jenell , Cordes Zackary , Durbin Caleb , George Andrew D , Rega-Brodsky Christine C 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Although once abundant across central North America, the Plains Spotted Skunk (Spilogale interrupta) has experienced range-wide population declines, resulting in its listing as a conservation priority species in several Midwestern and Great Plains states. Our research objectives were to document the Plains Spotted Skunk in Kansas and describe its habitats in order to inform state conservation efforts. We conducted a comprehensive camera trap survey at over 1,367 locations from 2016 to 2023, with targeted efforts focusing on state agency-designated spotted skunk critical habitat and historical detection locations in 29 counties. Even as one of the largest Plains Spotted Skunk studies to date in terms of spatial and temporal scope, we only detected the species at 6 locations in 2017, 2019, and 2020, all in 1 county along the Arkansas River floodplain in Kansas. We only detected spotted skunks at locations with local woody cover, and in landscapes with more grasslands and less row crop agriculture. Intensive efforts to resample locations with past detections yielded no spotted skunks in 2021 to 2023. The lack of recent Plains Spotted Skunk detections suggests that conservation actions may be warranted to prevent extirpation from the central Great Plains.
Effects of therapy in experimental models of Peyronie’s disease: a scoping review
Authors: Wiborg Majken Højrup , Krøijer Rasmus , Laursen Birgitte Schantz , Lund Lars 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Peyronie’s disease (PD) is a fibrotic disorder affecting the penile tunica albugínea, with unclear pathophysiology despite centuries of recognition.

Aim
This scoping review maps the effects of interventions in basic PD research, synthesizing evidence from in vivo and in vitro studies to guide future investigation.

Methods
In October–November 2023, a systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase (Ovid), Science of Web, and Scopus, following SRYCLE’s guidelines. Relevant studies were screened for data on interventions targeting PD in vivo and in vitro, with no language or time restrictions.

Outcomes
Primary outcomes included changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, myofibroblast activity, and plaque size.

Results
Of 683 articles screened, 40 studies were included. Key interventions such as phosphodiesterase inhibitors and stem cell therapies reduced ECM proteins and myofibroblast activity, particularly in early-stage PD models. However, none of the studies adhered to the ARRIVE guidelines, highlighting a gap in reporting standards.

Clinical translation
Findings suggest potential benefits of early and multimodal treatment strategies, but further human trials are needed to bridge the gap in clinical practice.

Strengths and limitations
This review systematically synthesizes animal and cellular research on PD, highlighting significant preclinical findings. However, the lack of standardized reporting and limited human studies restricts direct clinical applicability.

Conclusion
Further research should prioritize adherence to reporting standards, optimize treatment timing, and explore combination therapies to advance PD management.
Epidemiology, patient characteristics, and treatment patterns of patients with narcolepsy in Sweden: a non-interventional study using secondary data
Authors: Giertz Anna , Mesterton Johan , Jakobsson Tanja , Crawford Stephen , Ghosh Somraj , Landtblom Anne-Marie 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
To estimate the prevalence and incidence and evaluate the treatment patterns of patients diagnosed with narcolepsy in specialist care in Sweden.

Methods
This non-interventional retrospective longitudinal study used Swedish register data from 2010 to 2020 and included patients diagnosed with narcolepsy (either type 1 or type 2), recorded in specialist outpatient and inpatient care from January 2015 to December 2019. All patients received an index date corresponding to the date of the first narcolepsy diagnosis.

Results
The prevalence and incidence of narcolepsy were 14.7/100 000 and 0.9/100 000 individuals, respectively, with a greater proportion of females than males. The study included 1846 prevalent narcolepsy patients of either type, of which 466 were incident. The majority of prevalent patients (87.9%) were prescribed narcolepsy-related treatment at index with stimulants being the most common treatment. Both in the years before and after index, the most used medication by prevalent patients was stimulants (42.4% and 54.8%, respectively). Among incident patients, stimulants were the most common drug in the year after index (57.0%). Treatment switching following index was frequent and a large share of incident patients who started on modafinil were switched to stimulants.

Conclusions
The prevalence of narcolepsy was lower than previously reported and was higher in females than in males; incidence was comparable throughout the study period. At index, not all patients used narcolepsy-related medications, potentially indicating a hesitance towards treatment and/or a need for faster initiation of treatment following index. Many patients were switched from the treatment they first initiated after diagnosis, which might be due to a lack of efficacy and/or unacceptable side effects.