bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community social capital in community forest management in Pinang Village, Cendana District, Enrekang Regency
Authors: Nurindah Andi , Alam Syamsu , Sabar Adrayanti 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study aims to examine 3 elements of social capital, namely mutual trust (trust), network (network), and reciprocal relationships (reciprocal) in the development of Community Forests (HKm). The qualitative descriptive method was carried out as a research approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis used is qualitative, data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The results showed that the level of public trust in general, both supported by cooperation between communities, trust between members of farmer groups, farmer groups with other farmer groups, and farmer groups with the government was well established because they always believed in each other that all parties, both the community, government, and other agencies work together to bring about the development of HKm in their villages. The social network that is intertwined in the village community is well established. In addition to being motivated by kinship, communication and mutual understanding are also strong factors in social networks in the village, namely social networks in community economic activities have reaped an increase in marketing. Social networks in environmental activities are proven by the willingness of farmer groups to receive information related to forest management. Social networking in community activities is proven by the enthusiasm of the village community in participating in training held by the government. The mutual benefits that exist between the parties can be seen in the benefits received by each party, both the community, government and NGOs, and other supporting institutions.
Policy model of regional fishery management for Indonesia’s exclusive economic zone
Authors: Pramoda Radityo , Yuliaty Christina , Shafitri Nensyana , Zulham Armen , Koeshendrajana Sonny , Kurniasari Nendah , Mu’awanah Umi , Kurniawan Tikkyrino , Indahyanti Bayu Vita , Hafsaridewi Rani 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The abundant potential of Fishery resources within the Indonesia’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) would be very beneficial for the entire community if it is properly managed. The correct management model can provide a balanced state between optimal economic benefits and resources preservation. This study aimed at developing a fisheries management policy model in the Indonesian EEZ as an effort to create optimal and sustainable utilization. The analysis was carried out qualitatively using a case study approach within an empirical juridical point of view which resulted in a descriptive report. The management models developed prescribes several policies to be carried out, such as: 1). New vessels development; and 2). Provision of Access Regulation for both Indonesian as well as foreign fishers. The management model also requires several important prerequisites, such as: 1). Periodic reasonable sea monitoring efforts; 2). Facilitation for the national business actors in the operation and marketing of catches; and 3). Simplification of fishing permits for foreign vessels accompanied by clear and firm cooperation agreements.
Identification of plant constituents for tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) nest in Batang Toru North Tapanuli
Authors: Sianipar H F , Sijabat A , Siahaan T M , Sinaga C V R , Siahaan M M , Harefa N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Tapanuli orangutan is an endemic animal in North Sumatra that must be protected so that conservation efforts are needed to preserve it. Tapanuli Orangutan nests are the focus of this research. This research is aimed to know the variety of constituents plant the nests of tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis), to know the kind of the most dominant plant to construct the nests by Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis), the composition of constituents the nests of tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) in North Tapanuli. This research was primery forest Batang Toru National Park. This research using line transect method with 4 transects (transects I, II, III, IV) were used to observe the nest tree and the nest constituent of Tapanuli orangutan. This research results is there are 5 species of of constituents plant the nests with quantity 14 nests. The most dominant tree nest is Syzygium sp (43%), Plant constituent orangutan nests also use the leaves of the Shorea hopeifolia (94.1%), as well as branches of Palaquium gutta (6.6%).
Tree biodiversity in USU green space: Exotic plant and its risk to native species
Authors: Susilowati A , Rachmat H H , Rangkuti A B , Iswanto A H , Elfiati D , Rambey R , Ginting I M , Larekeng S H 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Globally, urban ecosystems provide important green spaces for biodiversity conservation. Many exotic species are grown in tropical urban ecosystems, and their harmful effects on native species and pollinator communities have been widely documented. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to determine the origin (native or exotic to Indonesia, sexual and reproductive system) of tree species on the University of Sumatera’s (USU) campus. Field inventory methods were used in this study for observed tree species on the USU campus. All tree species were observed, their flowering observed if any. According to our research, the USU green area comprises a collection of 121 tree species. Seventy species (57.85 %) are native to Indonesia, while 51 species (42.15 %) are exotics from other tropical regions. In terms of individual abundance, these values are 37.28% native and 62.72% exotic. The exotic trees on the USU campus show monoecious and dioecious flower sexuality; 19 species are hermaphrodite, two species have self-incompatibility characters, seven species are dioecious, and 23 species are monoecious. Together with the results from the few other experimental studies, it concluded that the increase of exotic species plantation in USU campus might indicate risk for animal interactions (e.g., pollination; dispersal), threaten reproduction of native plant species, pollination specialization, habitat, and other life-history properties. Therefore, the use of these exotic species needs special attention for stakeholders at USU.
Germination speed and flowing age of corn with the utilization of organic materials fortuned Pleurotus ostreatus dry land
Authors: Syamsiar Z , Ambo A , Rismaneswati  , Iradhatullah R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Organic matter plays an effective role in restoring soil fertility. This indicator of soil fertility lies in the organic content of the soil. One of the organic materials that have been proven to improve land quality is biochar and chicken manure. In addition, the use of Pleurotus ostreatus can increase the hormone content in organic matter. The purpose of this study was to determine the speed of germination and flowering speed of maize (Zea mays) with the application of organic matter enriched with the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus. The study was structured using a Split Plot Design (RPT). The main plot is organic matter, and the subplot is the administration of Pleurotus ostreatus. The study consisted of 12 treatment combinations which were repeated 3 times to obtain 36 plots of observation units. The results showed that the application of treatment had a significant and very significant effect on the speed of germination and flowering speed of maize (Zea mays). The combination treatment of manure + biochar with 10% Pleurotus ostreatus gave the speed of germination on day 4.33 and flowering speed on day 47.33.
Review: Utilization of interspecific Acacia hybrid for pulp/paper industry and increasing of forest biodiversity
Authors: Sunarti S , Nirsatmanto A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Wood-based forestry industries are one of the strategic sectors in the development for providing a good impact in ecological and socio-economic in a country. Such an industry should have high productivity in order to ensure sustainable resources and an efficient manufacturing process. Based on this fact, tree breeding program is one of the good practices which could be done through the hybridization method to increase the uses from forest genetic resources. This paper presents a review on the basis of the utilization of inter-specific Acacia hybrids resulted from hybridization between two species of Acacia mangium and Acacia auriculiformis for supporting the pulp/paper industry and increasing the forest biodiversity in Indonesia. Improving some traits relevant to the industrial requirements is the main target in the development of Acacia hybrid. This involves fast growth, good wood properties, and tolerance to pests and diseases. The Acacia hybrids could provide some advantages in overcoming the current problems of the forest plantation and industry in which some of them could not be resolved by planting the pure species. In addition, the varies of the Acacia hybrid progenies could be used to increase forest biodiversity, which is important as a genetic base for further breeding purposes and challenges.
Differences in microhabitat and morphology of two sympatric congeneric species Palaquium maliliensis and Palaquium obovatum in the education forest of Hasanuddin University
Authors: Palgunadi M A , Oka N P , Achmad A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Two species of Palaquium (P. maliliensis and P. obovatum) were found coexist in same habitat in the educational forest of Hasanuddin University (Unhas). Two or more species are living in a habitat could be formed from similar parent through genetic isolation process without geographic isolation and was classified as sympatric congeneric species. So far, sympatric congeneric species is still controversial among researchers. Based on this case, the purpose of this study was to determine the microhabitat and morphological differences between the two species. The methods of the study were conducted by purposively selecting 21 samples of P. maliliensis and 20 samples of P. obovatum at the tree level. In each samples found, the microhabitat characteristics (topographic position and slope) and morphological characteristics (leaf, buttress root, and morphological in general) were observed. Morphological measurement data were analyzed with correlation test for intra-species variable and real difference test for inter-species variable. This study concluded that the slope was one of the major microhabitat factors that has driven the process of sympatric speciation between P. maliliensis and P. obovatum. In morphological characteristics, differences between P. maliliensis and P. obovatum appeared in the form of leaves.
Comparison of carcass and non-carcass characteristics of Local and Pekin ducks
Authors: Bugiwati S R A , Dagong M I A , Rahim L 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate carcass and non-carcass characteristics of local ducks. The research material was carcasses of five local male ducks aged 24 weeks (relative weight of about 1220 g) and five male Pekin ducks of 9 weeks of age (relative weight of about 1440 g) which were kept in the duck cage at the laboratory of Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Indonesia using intensive housing systems and commercial feed. The research method was all ducks were fasted and rested for 8 hours, slaughtered, carcasses, and parameters analyzed. Parameters measured were weight and percentage of carcass traits (wings, dorsal, thighs, breast, and neck), weight and percentage of non-carcass traits (head, shank, kidney, heart, trachea, esophagus, gizzard, liver, intestine, feathers), three types of weight (live weight, slaughter weight, and carcass weight), percentage of the total carcass, and meat bone ratio (thigh and breast). The results showed that there were no significant differences in all carcass and non-carcass parameters between local ducks and Pekin ducks except for non-carcass parameters, namely head, gizzard, shank, intestine, heart, and trachea. At different ages, Pekin ducks and local ducks showed similar carcass characteristics. These results show that the growth rate of Pekin ducks is faster than that of local ducks. These results become one of the bases and references that local ducks still need a breeding program for improving carcass growth to reach optimum carcass characteristics.
The morphological character variation analysis of Schizostachyum lima (Blanco) Merr in Central Lombok Regency
Authors: Aryanti Evy , Indriyani Serafinah , Arisoesilaningsih Endang , Azrianingsih Rodiyati 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The small diameter size with thin wall thickness is the unique character of S. lima, so it is appropriate to be used as raw material for environmentally friendly bamboo straws. This environmentally friendly bamboo straw has become one of the mainstay export commodities from Lombok Island. This research aimed at determining the diversity of S.lima in Central Lombok Regency through morphological characteristics and analyzing the phenetic relationship. The research was conducted from November 2020 to June 2021 in Central Lombok Regency. Determination of sampling locations based on literature and the community, especially bamboo craftsmen and S.lima collectors. There are 45 phenetic characters used in this research, consisting of qualitative data and quantitative data. Data analysis was used the NTSYS PC version 2.11a to analyze phenetic relationships. The phenogram was analyzed and subsequently used to develop descriptions of each S.lima which was found in the Central Lombok Regency. As a result, most of S.lima was found growing in community plantations with variations in the soil texture. The results of the cluster analysis resulted in 2 large groups, the first group consisting of 21 locations S.lima was found, and the second group only consisted of 1 location, namely Lantan. The level of similarity between the first group and the second group 2 was only 40%. Another group consisting of 21 locations showed a varying degree of similarity from one location to another (52%-93%). There are 6 locations that have the highest level of similarity (93%), namely, between Jurit and Presak bat, Bebante with Mekar Damai and Montong Terep, and Gunung Ise. The results of this study indicate that S.lima found in all locations in Central Lombok did not show significant variation when the growth factor was optimal. Further research by molecular approach is needed to determine the genetic variation of S. lima in Central Lombok Regency.
The taxonomy, ecology, leaf anatomy and utilization of Freycinetia macrostachya, Pandanaceae in New Guinea
Authors: Sinaga Nurhaidah Iriany , Sarungallo Zita Letviany , Susanti Cicilia M E , Irbayati Diana 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Freycinetia macrostachya is a Pandanaceae species that was first published by Martelli in 1910. The species occur majority on Coastal Forest in both northern and southern bird’s head Papua until East New Guinea. Many species of Freycinetia have only narrowest distribution and become dying on the open area, It is different to F. macrostachya. This species has ability to live both on primary and secondary forest. Purposed of the study were to obtain delimitation of species concepts, to know the phylogenetic classification of the species and relationship among other New Guinea Freycinetia species, to understanding more about ecological aspect and the ability to live on the extreme habitat, and to know about nutrient contain for developing food product from the species. Method of the study is descriptive method with revision of taxonomy as a step working and phylogenetic analysis using PAUP program with Sararanga as an out group, survey as a research technique to ecological study and it was followed by collected some specimen for anatomy leaf study. Analysis of nutrient content of F. macrostachya bracts, i.e. moisture content, ash, crude fat (soxhlet extraction), and protein (micro kjeldahl), while carbohydrates was determined using by difference method. The result showed that the species has three layers of epidermis tissue compare to other species like F. javanica that only has one layer. This is why the species could be living on the open forest. New Guinea Freycinetia have 4 groups below the genus, the first group name F. macrostachya are belonging to the imbricate leave species, now have about 40 species and the group name was given because of F. macrostachya is an older name of all species in the group. Phylogenetic analysis trees showed that this species become an old species among all New Guinea Freycinetia species. Analysis proximate of bracts show that the carbohydrate inside is about 77 %, it is meaning that we can make many food products from bracts.
Agrobiodiversity of using refugia plants towards several plant gardens at Tulung Rejo, East Java
Authors: Hardiansyah Muhammad Yusril , Hartini  , Musa Yunus 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA study and identificiation on agrobiodiversity of refugia plant as alternative solution by farmers towards their several plant gardens to repel pest was conducted at Tulung Rejo, East Java, Indonesia in March 2021. Refugia plants are biodiversity plants that grow around cultivated plants, which have the potential as a place of protection and a source of food for natural enemy insects (both predators and parasitoids). The principle of refugia pants is that these plants can attract and become a place of life and a source of life for insects, natural enemies of pests. the reseach was using a survey method with interview with farmers who have a land and using refugia plant as a natural pesticides to repel pests of their plants. besides, this research was also using a physical indentification of several refugia plants. Among several locations in Tulung Rejo, the results show that on average farmers use refugia plants of the type of kenikir flower Cosmos caudatus. This has evident because from 20 garden locations, 18 of them use Cosmos caudatus. The needs of farmers in Tulung Rejo, East Java to repel pests naturally.
Threats to the sustainability of biodiversity in Indonesia by the utilization of forest areas for national strategic projects: A normative review
Authors: Maskun  , Assidiq Hasbi , Mukarramah Nurul Habaib Al , Bachril Siti Nurhaliza 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Strategic geographical conditions have made Indonesia becomes the country with the second highest level of biodiversity in the world and is in the ranks of 17 mega biodiversity countries. Forest ecosystems are home to a large number of these biodiversity species, and therefore, the existence of forests is the key to their sustainability. Although supported by the availability and potential of massive forest resources, Indonesia is not necessarily exempt from the threat of biodiversity degradation. Indonesia ranks first as the country with the highest number of endangered species in Southeast and South Asia. Habitat degradation and fragmentation are suspected to be the main factors causing the extinction of various species of biodiversity in Indonesia. For this reason, legal protection that ensures the viability of biodiversity species and their habitats is indispensable. Unfortunately, the direction of development policy in Indonesia seems to show a step backwards towards these protection efforts, one of which is through the legalization of forest areas utilization for several development activities designated as National Strategic Projects. This study aims to normatively analyze the impact of the legalization of forest areas utilization for National Strategic Projects. The main findings indicate several legal issues and various potential threats to the sustainability of biodiversity, especially in relation to forest governance.
Protection of biodiversity in concession of sustainable palm oil
Authors: Naswar  , Maskun  , Achmad  , Assidiq Hasbi , Bachril Siti Nurhaliza , Mukaramah Nurul Habaib Al 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The increasing population growth is in line with the increasing world demand for vegetable oil. In 2050, the world population is projected to reach 9.8 billion people. With this population, the world’s vegetable oil needs reach 310 million tons. Total vegetable oil production in 2018 was only 200.8 million tons. The oil crops biologically have a potential to produce vegetable oil much more than with other plants in the same area of land. It means that it is economically more efficient than others. However, an unavoidable fact is that the expansion of oil palm plantations in Indonesia has encroached on forest areas, destroying biodiversity, and threatening environmental sustainability. Of the 9.1 million hectares of deforestation occurred in 2001 to 2016, 2.1 million hectares or 23% of the national deforestation turned to oil palm. In addition, of the 16.8 million hectares of Indonesian palm oil cover, 3.4 million hectares or 20.2% of oil palms are in forest areas. This article aims to diagnose the norms of biodiversity protection with the approach of protecting high conservation value areas and high carbon stocks in oil palm plantation concessions. Normatively referring to the concept of sustainable palm oil plantations, companies are obliged to protect areas that have high biodiversity values and high carbon stocks in their concession areas and are prohibited from being converted. This norm is very important to protect biodiversity in oil palm concessions. Unfortunately, Indonesia’s positive law does not yet have an optimal legal framework to protect this area, so it is necessary to strengthen specific norms and policies to protect biodiversity in sustainable palm oil plantation concessions.
Potential analysis of palm sugar industry development in Lombo Village, Sidrap District
Authors: Fitriwati  , Syahidah  , Makkarennu  , Syahid M , Syahwiah A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Palm sugar is one of the primary commodities in agribusiness sector, that have a huge potential to be developed into an industry. The palm sugar industry has an important role in employment, income distribution, and improving the welfare of local communities. The problem in this research is how to develop the potential of small palm sugar industry in Lombo Village, Sidrap Districts. The purpose of this study is to identify external and internal factors, 2. Formulate the palm sugar industry development strategy. The method used in this research is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The sampling method in this study used the accidental sampling method with a selected sample of 15 respondents. Data analysis was performed using SWOT matrix analysis. The conclusions obtained are based on matrix analysis of Internal Strategic Factors (IFAS) 2.9 and External Strategic Factors (EFAS) 2.4. This shows that the palm sugar industry in Lombo Village, Sidrap Districts has strengths that can be maintained or improved and have opportunities that can be developed. The development strategy that can be carried out is a strategy that supports aggressive growth. The advice given is to maintain the characteristic taste of the product and improve product quality by creating innovations in product packaging, diversifying product types so that they have high added value.