bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Avaliação de técnicas de inteligência artificial na classificação de descargas parciais
Authors: Silva Allan D. C. , Carvalho Itaiara F. , Nobrega Luiz A. M. M. , Xavier George V. R. , Da Costa Edson G. 
Published: December 2021

A detecção de sinais de Descargas Parciais (DP) na faixa da Ultra Alta Frequência (UHF) permite identificar e classificar, de forma minimamente invasiva, defeitos em equipamentos de alta tensão, bem como estimar o grau de urgência da realização de manutenções preventivas. Neste artigo, técnicas de machine learning foram utilizadas para realizar o reconhecimento automático dos padrões obtidos a partir de envoltórias de sinais UHF de DP. Para tanto, foi elaborado um arranjo experimental para emular diferentes fontes de DP: uma cuba de óleo com eletrodos ponta-plano, a barra de um hidrogerador e um transformador de potencial. A partir dos sinais obtidos nesse arranjo, geraram-se envoltórias, a partir das quais foi realizada a extração de uma série de atributos no domínio do tempo, tais como: curtose, amplitude máxima e tempo de subida. Em seguida, realizou-se a seleção dos atributos por meio de uma associação de algoritmos, dentre eles o k-means, de forma a reduzir a dimensionalidade dos dados para aumentar a eficiência do algoritmo classificador. Por fim, fez-se a classificação dos sinais de DP a partir de uma rede neural artificial, decision tree e random forest. Os resultados mostraram que os atributos extraídos das envoltórias foram efetivos na classificação dos sinais de DP, com valores de acurácia média superiores a 95% quando foi utilizado o banco de dados otimizado.
Valorization of Seaweed: Using Brown Algae Waste in Papermaking
Authors: Moral Ana , Aguado Roberto , Amaya Jose , Tijero Antonio , Ballesteros Menta 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work, the brown alga Dictyota dichotoma was explored as a new reinforcing material for papermaking. Performing the typical chemical tests for cellulosic substrates on D. dichotoma evidenced large amounts of ethanol:benzene extractable substances (7.2%) and ashes, algae-specific results. Also, even if lipophilic compounds are removed, brown seaweed are not a primary source of fibers because it contains low proportion of cellulose. However, its elevated content of insoluble carbohydrates (51.4%) suggest there is some potential in association with conventional cellulosic pulps, as fibrous elements contribute to sheet forming and other components fill the spaces in the paper web without noteworthy loss of strength. Extraction was carried out with clean processes: hydrogen peroxide and mixtures (hydrogen peroxide-hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide-sodium perborate), sodium hydroxide and sodium hypochlorite, always aiming for low reagent concentrations, in the range of 1-12%. The results show that sodium hydroxide and sodium hypochlorite were the treatments that lead to paper sheets with better structural and mechanical properties without further bleaching or refining, thus highlighting the suitability of these algae for papermaking applications.
Fatigue, Stigma, and Mood in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: Effectiveness of Guided Imagery
Authors: Beitollahi Mina , Forouzi Mansooreh Azizzadeh , Tirgari Batool , Jahani Yunes 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background and objectives

: The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of guided imagery on fatigue, stigma, and mood in patients with multiple sclerosis.
Methods

This clinical trial is a double-blind study that was conducted on 60 patients with multiple sclerosis referred to the largest center for special diseases in the southeast of Iran in 2020. The convenience sampling method was used to select the participants who were later divided into two groups of intervention (n=30) and control (n=30) using block randomization method. The intervention group listened to the guided imagery audio file at home for 25 minutes. The control group did not receive any intervention. Data were collected by demographic information questionnaires, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Reece Stigma Scale for Multiple Sclerosis (RSS-MS), and the Profile of Mood States (POMS) before and one month after the intervention.
Results

According to the results, there was no significant difference between the two groups before the intervention in terms of the score of fatigue (P<0.0=67), stigma (P<0.64), and mood (P<0.17). However, after the intervention, a significant differences was observed in this regard (P<0.0001). In the intervention group, the mean score of fatigue decreased from 59.72±18.32 to 35.8±16.15, and the mean score of stigma decreased from 17.31±15.62 to 5.09±8.06, showing a significant reduction in the levels of fatigue (P<0.0001) and stigma (P<0.0001) compared to before intervention. Also, the mean score of mood decreased from 36.90±12.21 to 28.55±11.87, indicating an improvement in the mood of samples in the intervention group (P<0.0001).
Conclusions

The results indicated that guided imagery, as a cost-effective method, can decrease the fatigue and stigma, and enhance the mood of patients with MS. Therefore, nursing staff can use this method to improve MS patients’ mood and decrease their fatigue and stigma.
A cost-effectiveness and value of information analysis to inform future research of tranexamic acid for older adults experiencing mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Williams Jack , Ker Katharine , Roberts Ian , Shakur-Still Haleema , Miners Alec 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background

Tranexamic acid reduces head injury deaths in patients with CT scan evidence of intracranial bleeding after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the cost-effectiveness of tranexamic acid for people with mild TBI in the pre-hospital setting, prior to CT scanning, is uncertain. A large randomised controlled trial (CRASH-4) is planned to address this issue, but the economic justification for it has not been established. The aim of the analysis was to estimate the likelihood of tranexamic acid being cost-effective given current evidence, the treatment effects required for cost-effectiveness, and the expected value of performing further research.
Methods

An early economic decision model compared usual care for mild TBI with and without tranexamic acid, for adults aged 70 and above. The evaluation was performed from a UK healthcare perspective over a lifetime time horizon, with costs reported in 2020 pounds (GBP) and outcomes reported as quality adjusted life years (QALYs). All analyses used a £20,000 per QALY cost-effectiveness threshold.
Results

In the base case analysis, tranexamic acid was associated with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of £4,994 per QALY gained, and was 85% likely to be cost-effective in the base case probabilistic sensitivity analysis. The value of perfect information was £13.2 million, and the value of perfect information for parameters that could be collected in a trial was £12.4 million. The all-cause mortality risk ratio for tranexamic acid and the functional outcomes following TBI had the most impact on cost-effectiveness.
Conclusions

Tranexamic acid can be cost-effective at a very modest treatment effect, and there is a high value of performing future research in the UK. The value in a global context is likely to be far higher.
On-demand Ferrofluid Droplet Formation With Non-linear Magnetic Permeability in the Presence of a Non-uniform Magnetic Field
Authors: Bijarchi Mohamad Ali , Yaghoobi Mohammad , Favakeh Amirhossein , Shafii Mohammad Behshad 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The magnetic actuation of ferrofluid droplets offers an inspiring tool in widespread engineering and biological applications. In this study, the dynamics of ferrofluid droplet generation with a Drop-on-Demand feature under a non-uniform magnetic field is investigated by multiscale numerical modeling. Langevin equation is assumed for ferrofluid magnetic susceptibility due to the strong applied magnetic field. Large and small computational domains are considered. In the larger domain, the magnetic field is obtained by solving Maxwell equations. In the smaller domain, a coupling of continuity, Navier Stokes, two-phase flow, and Maxwell equations are solved by utilizing the magnetic field achieved by the larger domain for the boundary condition. The Finite volume method and coupling of level-set and Volume of Fluid methods are used for solving equations. The droplet formation is simulated in a two-dimensional axisymmetric domain. The method of solving fluid and magnetic equations is validated using a benchmark. Then, ferrofluid droplet formation is investigated experimentally and the numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The effect of 12 dimensionless parameters including the ratio of magnetic, gravitational, and surface tension forces, the ratio of the nozzle and magnetic coil dimensions, and ferrofluid to continuous-phase properties ratios are studied. The results showed that by increasing the magnetic Bond number, gravitational Bond number, Ohnesorge number, dimensionless saturation magnetization, initial magnetic susceptibility of ferrofluid, the generated droplet diameter reduces, whereas the formation frequency increases. The same results were observed when decreasing the ferrite core diameter to outer nozzle diameter, density, and viscosity ratios.
Assessing the Impact of Vegetation in the Visibility Connection and Thermal Comfort in the Urban Outdoors (Case Study: Shafagh Park)
Authors: Karimi Alireza , Gachkar Darya , Gachkar Sadaf , aghlemand soheila 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Regarding the significant impact of visibility, landscape, and thermal comfort on the presence of users’ attendance in urban parks, there is a severe interest in studies on the amount of visibility and the outdoor thermal comfort especially in a district with hot summers. this research, after investigating the shafagh park based on space laws and the relationship between park spaces with each other in terms of accessibility and visibility to achieve the effect of plants, then, based on the obtained data, the role of plants in evaluating thermal comfort conditions in the park space was investigated and finally, their relationship with each other has been examined. results have revealed that, plants have an undeniable role in improving the conditions of thermal comfort and visual visibility and user movement in spaces, so that, the best points in terms of thermal comfort, had a favorable view and perspective, while, areas of the park that did not have good visibility and landscape did not experience favorable conditions in terms of thermal comfort. Therefore, architects, landscape architects, and urban designers who research the problem of thermal comfort and landscape analysis in urban parks can use the findings of this article for effective outcomes, especially in parks with climatic conditions use similar in Tehran.
Outcome of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation In Frail Patients
Authors: Camilleri Elaine , Camilleri Juliet , Sultana Luke , Sciberras Nicole , Vassallo Mario 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The concept of frailty is one which is gaining increasing attention due to its multifactorial constituents, and its impact on geriatric patient care. This retrospective analysis of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in Maltese Hospitals aims to determine the significance of frailty in relation to CPR outcome in one calendar year. In this study, we analysed the outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in Maltese Hospitals for the year 2019 in relation to frailty status using the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). 185 eligible patients were obtained from the CPR register after excluding patients <18years of age, peri-arrest cases, a test case, double-recorded CPR documents and patients with insufficient data recorded. From these 185 patients, the statistics were of 123 males and 62 females, with an age range of 26 years to 99 years. The median age was 78 years whilst mean age was 76.2 years. The majority of patients fell within CCI of 4-8 (143 patients), with the largest cohort obtaining a score of 6 (39 patients). The results highlight a low rate of ROSC (4.32%) irrespective of CCI score. However, when ROSC was achieved, survival to discharge was noted to be greater with lower CCI scores. Only 5 patients survived one year post discharge.This data is in keeping with other studies regarding CPR in frail patients, despite the use of other scores such as the Clinical Frailty Score. Smith et al’s study in Australian tertiary centres between 2008 and 2017 used the CCI, and points out a lower rate of discharge home in frail patients who survive an in-hospital cardiac arrest [1]. Limitations of our study include the small population, although exhaustive of the CPRs performed on the Maltese Islands in 2019.
Quantitative Redox Proteomics Revealed Molecular Mechanisms of Salt Tolerance in the Roots of Sugar Beet Monomeric Addition line M14
Authors: Liu He , Du Xiaoxue , Zhang Jialin , Li Jinna , Chen Sixue , Duanmu Huizi , Li Haiying 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Salt stress is often associated with excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress caused by the accumulation of ROS is a major factor that negatively affects crop growth and yield. Root is the primary organ that senses and transmits the salt stress signal to the whole plant. How oxidative stress affect redox sensitive proteins in the roots is not known.Results: In this study, the redox proteome of sugar beet M14 roots under salt stress was investigated. Using iTRAQ reporters, we determined that salt stress caused significant changes in the abundance of many proteins (2305 at 20 min salt stress and 2663 at 10 min salt stress). Using iodoTMT reporters, a total of 95 redox proteins were determined to be responsive to salt stress after normalizing again total protein level changes. Notably, most of the differential redox proteins were involved in metabolism, ROS homeostasis, and stress and defense, while a small number play a role in transport, biosynthesis, signal transduction, transcription and photosynthesis. Transcription levels of 14 genes encoding the identified redox proteins were analyzed using qRT-PCR. All the genes were induced by salt stress at the transcriptional level. Conclusions: Based on the redox proteomics results, we construct a map of the regulatory network of M14 root redox proteins in response to salt stress. This study further refines the molecular mechanism of salt resistance at the level of protein redox regulation.
Meat Quality In Broiler Chickens Fed On Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata [L.] Walp) Seeds
Authors: Ciurescu Georgeta , Idriceanu Lavinia , Gheorghe Anca , Ropotă Mariana , Drăghici Reta 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the effects of a diet containing untreated cowpea (CWP; Aura 26 variety) seeds as a protein source on quality parameters (physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition) of chickens’ breast and thigh muscles. A total of 240 Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly allotted to two groups (1 fed with soybean meal (SBM) and 2 fed with CWP), 6 replicate pens per group (20 chicks/pen). At 6 weeks of age, twelve birds/group were slaughtered. Breast and thigh muscles of birds fed CWP diets had significantly higher (P < 0.05) levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; C:18:3n-3, C:20:5n-3) compared with birds fed SBM diet. The n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio of the muscles decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the CWP group. The study revealed that the use of CWP as a substitute for SBM had significant effects on physicochemical components of breast and thigh muscles. The lightness (L*) and redness (a*) of breast and thigh muscles were higher in the CWP treatment. The collagen and protein contents were higher, while the fat content was decreased (P < 0.05) in the CWP group. The texture profile analysis in breast and thigh muscles were comparable (P > 0.05) in both groups. These results confirm that CWP can be considered a promising protein source for broiler chicken feed.
Complications Associated With Removal of Airway Devices Under Deep Anesthesia In Children: An Analysis of The Wake Up Safe Database
Authors: Vitale Lisa , Rodriguez Briana , Baetzel Anne , Christensen Robert , Haydar Bishr 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Previous studies examining removal of endotracheal tubes and supraglottic devices under deep anesthesia were underpowered to identify rare complications. This study sought to report all adverse events associated with this practice found in a large national database of pediatric anesthesia adverse events.Methods: An extract of an adverse events database created by the Wake Up Safe database, a multi-institutional pediatric anesthesia quality improvement initiative, was performed for this study. It was screened to identify anesthetics with variables indicating removal of airway devices under deep anesthesia. Three anesthesiologists screened the data to identify events where this practice possibly contributed to the event. Event data was extracted and collated. Results: 102 events met screening criteria and 66 met inclusion criteria. Two cardiac etiology events were identified, one of which resulted in the patient’s demise. The remaining 97% of events were respiratory in nature (64 events), including airway obstruction, laryngospasm, bronchospasm and aspiration. Some respiratory events consisted of multiple distinct events in series. Nineteen respiratory events resulted in cardiac arrest (29.7%) of which 15 (78.9%) were deemed preventable by local anesthesiologists performing independent review. Respiratory events resulted in intensive care unit admission (37.5%), prolonged intubation and temporary neurologic injury but no permanent harm. Provider and patient factors were root causes in most events. Upon investigation, areas for improvement identified included improving patient selection, ensuring monitoring, availability of intravenous access, and access to emergency drugs and equipment until emergence.Conclusions: Serious adverse events have been associated with this practice, but no respiratory events were associated with long-term harm.
Peri-Urban Growth into Natural Hazard-Prone Areas. Mapping Exposure Transformation of the Built Environment in Nairobi and Nyeri, Kenya from 1948 to Today
Authors: Fekete Alexander 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Kenya experiences massive urban growth, also into natural hazard-prone areas, exposing settlements and the natural environment to riverine and pluvial floods and other natural hazards. While Nairobi as the capital and principal city has been extensively analysed regarding urban growth and flood hazard in some central parts, awareness of growing peri-urban areas has not been studied as much. The results are of interest to other locations in Kenya and worldwide, too, since the current research and disaster risk practice focus is still too much on megacities and city centres. Therefore, the study compares urban growth into hazard areas in urban rims of Nairobi and Nyeri, Kenya. A change assessment from 1948 to 2020 is conducted by aerial images, declassified satellite images, and recent data. Urban growth rates are 10 to 20-fold, while growth into flood exposed areas ranges from 3 to 100-fold. This study reveals unused opportunities for expanding existing land-use change analysis back to the 1940s in data-scarce environments.
Assessment of Structural Disconnections In Gliomas: Comparison of Indirect And Direct Approaches
Authors: Silvestri Erica , Villani Umberto , Moretto Manuela , Colpo Maria , Salvalaggio Alessandro , Anglani Mariagiulia , Castellaro Marco , Facchini Silvia , Monai Elena , D'Avella Domenico , Puppa Alessandro Della , Cecchin Diego , Corbetta Maurizio , Bertoldo Alessandra 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Gliomas are amongst the most common primary brain tumours in adults and are often associated with poor prognosis. Understanding the extent of white matter (WM) which is affected outside the tumoral lesion may be of paramount importance to explain cognitive deficits and the clinical progression of the disease. To this end, we explored both direct (i.e., tractography based) and indirect (i.e., atlas based) approaches to quantifying WM structural disconnections in a cohort of 50 high- and low-grade glioma patients. While these methodologies have recently gained popularity in the context of stroke, to our knowledge this is the first time they are applied in patients with brain tumours. More specifically, in this work we present a quantitative comparison of the disconnection maps provided by the two methodologies by applying well known metrics of spatial similarity, extension and correlation. Given the important role the oedematous tissue plays in the physiopathology of tumours, we performed these analyses both by including and excluding it in the definition of the tumoral lesion. This was done to investigate possible differences determined by this choice.We found that direct and indirect approaches offer two distinct pictures of structural disconnections in patients affected by brain gliomas, presenting key differences in several regions of the brain. Following the outcomes of our analysis, we eventually discuss the strengths and pitfalls of these two approaches when applied in this critical field.
Influence of Natural Serpentine on the Tribological Performance of Phosphate Bonded Solid Coatings
Authors: Xi Zhengchao , Sun Jianbo , Chen Lei , Cui Haixia , Ma Yanjun , Zhou Huidi , Chen Jianmin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Natural serpentine powders were incorporated into phosphate bonded solid coatings to promote the anti-wear performance of the phosphate coatings. Optimal mass percent of natural serpentine in phosphate coatings was firstly explored. Thereafter, in order to stimulate layer slip of natural serpentine and strengthen interfacial interaction between natural serpentine and counterface during the friction process, tribological performance of the composite coatings under different friction condition was properly investigated. The experimental result indicated that the optimal incorporation of natural serpentine in phosphate coatings was 10 wt.%, through which anti-wear performance of phosphate coatings was significantly elevated. Additionally, accompanied by the increase of applied load and sliding speed, natural serpentine was activated by friction force and local friction heat, and simultaneously interfacial interactions between naturals serpentine and counterface were intensified. As a result, a continuous protective tribo-film was in-situ formed on the counterface, through which anti-wear performance of phosphate coatings were significantly promoted. At the same time, serious furrows generated on the counterface were also effectively self-repaired during the friction process, and further abrasion on the counterface was greatly restrained.