bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Using Rotational Atherectomy and New-Generation Drug-Eluting Stents in Mild Versus Moderate-To-Severe Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Malik Fazila-Tun-Nesa , Kalimuddin  , Ahmed Nazir , Badiuzzaman Mohammad , Khan Abdul Kayum , Dutta Ashok , Huq Tawfiq Shahriar , Banik Dhiman , Ahmed Mir Nesaruddin , Rahman Habibur , Iqbal Abu Tareq 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background:
The presence of calcified lesions in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients adversely affects the outcomes of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs). Lesion modification using rotational atherectomy (RA) followed by drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation may, therefore, be a suitable strategy to treat heavily calcified coronary lesions in CKD patients. Aim: The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of PCI using RA and new-generation DES for treating calcified coronary lesions in patients with mild versus moderate-to-severe CKD.

Methods:
This was a single-center, retrospective study. Data were collected from the medical records of all CKD patients with calcified coronary artery lesions who underwent RA + DES implantation from November 2014 to October 2019. The primary outcomes were the rates of in-stent restenosis (ISR), repeat revascularization (RR), and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Secondary outcomes included procedural success, death after intervention, and procedural/in-hospital complications.

Results:
A total of 77 and 126 patients with mild and moderate-to-severe CKD were treated with RA + DES. Patients with moderate-to-severe CKD were significantly older when compared to patients with mild CKD (mean age: 66.6 ± 8.2 vs. 59.5 ± 7.7 years, respectively, P < 0.0001). Body mass index was significantly lower in moderate-to-severe CKD group compared to the mild CKD group. The number of patients in whom postdilatation was performed after stent implantation was significantly higher in the moderate-to-severe CKD group compared to the mild CKD group (100% vs. 96%, P = 0.025). Overall procedural success was 97.5% with minimal periprocedural complications. The rates of ISR and RR were not significantly different between patients with mild and moderate-to-severe CKD. The two groups did not differ significantly in terms of procedural success, postprocedural complications, and procedural mortality.

Conclusion:
RA followed by DES implantation is an effective and safe strategy to treat calcified coronary artery lesions in patients with CKD, regardless of the degree of renal dysfunction.
Role of Endobronchial Ultrasound Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration with Cellblocks in Diagnosis and Subtyping of Intrathoracic Lesions
Authors: Verma Vikrant , Khan Ajmal , Rao Ram Nawal , Nath Alok , Hashim Zia 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) allows precise real-time sampling of intrathoracic lesions and is a minimally invasive, safe, and cost effective technique with high diagnostic yield. The aim of the current study is to evaluate utility of EBUS-TBNA cytology with cellblocks (CBs) in the diagnosis and subtyping of the intrathoracic lesions.

Materials and Methods:
It was a prospective study conducted from October 2015 to October 2017. We received 233 cases of intrathoracic lesions for EBUS-TBNA, of which CB was made in 217 cases. A flexible endobronchial ultrasound scope was used to sample the lesions.

Results:
There were 89 females and 128 males amongst the total 217 patients (age range: 14–85 years, mean age: 48.35 years). The smears from EBUS-TBNA contained adequate material in 137/144 [95.1%] non-neoplastic cases and 34/36 [94.4%] of the neoplastic cases, whereas the CBs provided adequate material in 94/144 [65.3%] non-neoplastic cases and 37/40 [92.5%] neoplastic cases. The CB helped subtyping the malignancy in 19 cases and of these immunohistochemistry (IHC) was done on the CB in 15 cases. The biopsy was non-diagnostic in 17/36 cases of granulomatous pathology and 4/18 neoplastic cases diagnosed with EBUS-TBNA.3.

Conclusions:
EBUS-TBNA provides rapid diagnosis through cytology and the material recovered in the same setting for the CB preparation can be used for immunohistochemical analysis and it may at times provide the diagnosis in cases where the smears are non-diagnostic.
Clinico-hematological profile of pancytopenic adult patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Jain Anil , Garg Ravinder , Kaur Rupinderjeet , Nibhoria Sarita , Chawla Sumit Pal Singh , Kaur Sarabjot 
Published: August 2021

Objective:
The causes of pancytopenia vary in different populations depending on age, gender, nutrition, geographic location, standard of living, and exposure to certain infections and drugs. As the severity of pancytopenia and its underlying etiology determine the management and prognosis, identifying the correct etiology in a given case is crucial and helps in implementing timely and appropriate treatment. The objectives of this study were to study the clinical profile and hematological parameters of pancytopenic adults and to identify different etiologies of pancytopenia. This observational study was conducted in the Medicine department of a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted on 100 adult patients aged 18–65 years presenting with pancytopenia. All the participants were subjected to detailed clinical examination and relevant investigations including bone marrow (BM) examination. Categorical variables were presented in number and percentage (%). Qualitative variables were correlated using the Chi-square test. A P =0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
A female preponderance was observed, and the majority of patients were aged between 18 and 40 years. The most common clinical features were generalized weakness, fever, and pallor. Seventy-four percent of patients were vegetarians; 58% had vitamin B12 deficiency, 25% had folic acid deficiency and 19% had a deficiency of both. The most common cause of pancytopenia was megaloblastic anemia (MA) (37%), followed by dimorphic anemia (DA) (26%), aplastic anemia (AA) (20%), and hematological malignancies (11%).

Conclusion:
MA, DA, and AA are the most prevalent etiologies of pancytopenia. BM examination is of utmost importance in the definitive diagnosis of pancytopenia and is useful in initiating timely treatment as a significant number of causes of pancytopenia are potentially curable.
The feasibility of Kimny guiding catheter for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Tsai Sou-Chan , Chen Michael Yu-Chih , Chuo Sing-Kai , Wang Ji-Hung 
Published: August 2021

Objectives:
The Kimny guiding catheter is a single universal guiding catheter used for performing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in both the right coronary artery (RCA) and the left coronary artery (LCA). Although this guiding catheter has been shown to yield high procedural success rates in nonemergent conditions, its feasibility for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) remains unknown and therefore needs to be further investigated.

Materials and Methods:
We retrospectively enrolled 62 consecutive STEMI patients who underwent primary PCI using the Kimny guiding catheter from January 2016 through December 2017. We then evaluated the rates of engagement and procedural success for PCI of the LCA and RCA with the Kimny guiding catheter.

Results:
Primary PCI of the infarct-related artery (IRA) by means of the Kimny guiding catheter proved to be successful in 61 of the STEMI patients (98.3%). Besides, the procedural success rate was found to be 100% (44/44) for the LCA and 94.4% (17/18) for the RCA (P = 0.293). With regard to contralateral (non-IRA) angiography, engagement rates of 97.4% (38/39) and 100% (18/18) were obtained for the RCA and LCA, respectively, (P = 1.0). No coronary artery ostial dissection was observed during the procedures. The mean number of total catheters used for each patient turned out to be only 1.035.

Conclusion:
Using the Kimny guiding catheter for primary PCI is feasible and results in high procedural success rates, particularly for the treatment of the LCA, with fewer catheters, and at a lower cost.
Higher Prevalence of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase Producing Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Among Patients with Diabetes from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Nayaju Tulsi , Upreti Milan Kumar , Ghimire Alina , Shrestha Basudha , Maharjan Basanta , Joshi Rajesh Dhoj , Lekhak Binod , Thapa Shrestha Upendra 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT.
This study aimed to determine the occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes for β-lactamases; blaTEM and blaCTX-M in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infection (UTI) suspected diabetic and nondiabetic patients. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Kathmandu Model Hospital, Kathmandu, in association with the Department of Microbiology, GoldenGate International College, Kathmandu, Nepal, from June to December 2018. A total of 1,267 nonduplicate midstream urine specimens were obtained and processed immediately for isolation of uropathogens. The isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing and extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) confirmation. In addition, blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes were detected using specific primers. The overall prevalence of UTI was 17.2% (218/1,267), of which patients with diabetes were significantly more infected; 32.3% (31/96) as compared with nonpatients with diabetes, 15.9% (187/1,171). A total of 221 bacterial isolates were obtained from 218 culture-positive specimens in which E. coli was the most predominant; 67.9% (150/221). Forty-four percent (66/150) of the total E. coli was multidrug resistant and 37.3% (56/150) were ESBL producers. Among 56 isolates, 92.3% (12/13) were from patients with diabetes, and 83.0% (44/53) were from nondiabetics. Furthermore, 84.9% of the screened ESBL producers were confirmed to possess either single or both of blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes. The blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes were detected in 53.6% and 87.5% of the phenotypically ESBL confirmed E. coli, respectively. Higher rates of ESBL producing uropathogenic E. coli are associated among patients with diabetes causing an alarming situation for disease management. However, second-line drugs with broad antimicrobial properties are still found to be effective drugs for multidrug resistance strains.
SİS HASADI
Authors: Sinan ÖZCAN  , Mine PAKYÜREK  
Published: August 2021

Dünyada son yıllarda yaşanan nüfus artışı ile birlikte yoğunlaşan sanayi sektörü, tarımsal faaliyetler ve iklim değişiklikleri gibi küresel stres senaryoları tatlı su kaynakları üzerinde nitelik ve nicelik açısından olumsuz etkilere neden olmaktadır. Günümüzde bu sebeple giderek azalan ve kötüleşen tatlı su kaynaklarına çözüm olabilecek alternatif tatlı su kaynaklarının geliştirilmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Sisten su elde etmek esasına dayalı bir yöntem olan sis hasadı bu noktada dikkat çeken alternatif tatlı su üretim tekniklerinden biridir. Bu sistemler sis varlığının doğal olarak yüksek olduğu kıyı ve dağlık bölgelerde kurulmaktadır. Sistemin çalışma prensibi sis toplayıcı bir panelin içinden sisin geçmesi ve bu panelin içinde bulunan ağlar tarafından sis suyunun toplanması esasına dayanmaktadır. Sis toplayıcı ağ doğrudan atmosfere maruz kalmakta ve sisli hava rüzgar yoluyla ağdan içeriye doğru itilmektedir. Sis damlacıkları ağ üzerinde yakalanarak daha büyük damlacıklar haline gelip bir depolama tankına aktarılır ve orada toplanır. Sis suyu toplama oranları bölgeden bölgeye önemli ölçüde değişiklik göstermekle beraber sis damlacıklarının toplanması damlacıkların çapına, rüzgar hızına ve toplama yüzeyinin yapısına bağlı olmaktadır. Sistemin başarısı ise en çok sis toplama kafesinin yapısı ve çeşidine bağlı olarak değişmektedir. Bu sistemlerde toplanan sis suyu miktarı ve kalitesine bağlı olarak sis hasadına yönelik projelerin sürdürebilirliği de günümüz araştırma konuları arasında yer almaktadır. Bu derleme makalesi, sis suyu hasadı için mevcut model ve tasarımları tespit etmek ve dünya genelinde sürdürülebilir bir tatlı su kaynağı olarak sis hasadının hangi parametrelere dayandığını araştırmak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.
Scoliosis in Pediatric Patients With Acute Flaccid Myelitis
Authors: Suresh Krishna V. , Karius Alexander , Wang Kevin Y. , Sadowsky Cristina , Sponseller Paul D. 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is an anterior horn disorder that manifests as rapid onset muscle weakness or paralysis. Development of scoliosis in pediatric AFM patients has been anecdotally reported, but associated risk factors or incidence have yet to be determined.

Methods:
Pediatric AFM patients treated over a 10-year period at a tertiary care center were identified. Patients were considered to have scoliosis if there was radiographic evidence of coronal curvature ≥15 degrees. Number of limbs affected, independent ambulation and head control, ventilator requirement at initial admission, and long-term ventilatory support (≥1 year) were recorded. Muscle strength and functional status were assessed by manual muscle testing (MMT) and Physical Abilities and Mobility Scale (PAMS), respectively. Areas of spinal cord lesion on initial MRI were recorded. Bivariate analyses were performed, with alpha set to 0.05.

Results:
Fifty-six AFM patients (27 scoliosis, 29 no scoliosis) were identified. Mean time from AFM presentation to scoliosis diagnosis was 0.93 years. Mean major Cobb angle at first radiograph was 31.7 ± 14.3 degrees. Lack of independent ambulation, ventilator dependence at time of admission or long term, number of limbs affected, and decreased MMT and PAMS scores were more common in patients who developed scoliosis (all, p &lt; .05). Patients who developed scoliosis had more extensive thoracic spinal cord involvement on initial MRI (p = .03).

Conclusion:
AFM patients who develop scoliosis are more likely to be ventilator dependent, lack independent ambulation, and have more extensive thoracic SCI.
The Price of Connectivity for Vertex Cover
Authors: Camby Eglantine , Cardinal Jean , Fiorini Samuel , Schaudt Oliver 
Published: August 2021

Graph Theory
The vertex cover number of a graph is the minimum number of vertices that are needed to cover all edges. When those vertices are further required to induce a connected subgraph, the corresponding number is called the connected vertex cover number, and is always greater or equal to the vertex cover number. Connected vertex covers are found in many applications, and the relationship between those two graph invariants is therefore a natural question to investigate. For that purpose, we introduce the \em Price of Connectivity, defined as the ratio between the two vertex cover numbers. We prove that the price of connectivity is at most 2 for arbitrary graphs. We further consider graph classes in which the price of connectivity of every induced subgraph is bounded by some real number t. We obtain forbidden induced subgraph characterizations for every real value t ≤q 3/2. We also investigate critical graphs for this property, namely, graphs whose price of connectivity is strictly greater than that of any proper induced subgraph. Those are the only graphs that can appear in a forbidden subgraph characterization for the hereditary property of having a price of connectivity at most t. In particular, we completely characterize the critical graphs that are also chordal. Finally, we also consider the question of computing the price of connectivity of a given graph. Unsurprisingly, the decision version of this question is NP-hard. In fact, we show that it is even complete for the class Θ₂^P = P^NP[\log], the class of decision problems that can be solved in polynomial time, provided we can make O(\log n) queries to an NP-oracle. This paves the way for a thorough investigation of the complexity of problems involving ratios of graph invariants.
On the Meyniel condition for hamiltonicity in bipartite digraphs
Authors: Adamus Janusz , Adamus Lech , Yeo Anders 
Published: August 2021

Graph Theory
We prove a sharp Meyniel-type criterion for hamiltonicity of a balanced bipartite digraph: For a&#x2265;2, a strongly connected balanced bipartite digraph D on 2a vertices is hamiltonian if d(u)+d(v)&#x2265;3a whenever uv∉A(D) and vu∉A(D). As a consequence, we obtain a sharp sufficient condition for hamiltonicity in terms of the minimal degree: a strongly connected balanced bipartite digraph D on 2a vertices is hamiltonian if δ(D)&#x2265;3a/2.
On the number of regular edge labelings
Authors: Buchin Kevin , Speckmann Bettina , Verdonschot Sander 
Published: August 2021

Combinatorics
We prove that any irreducible triangulation on n vertices has O(4.6807n) regular edge labelings and that there are irreducible triangulations on n vertices with Ω(3.0426n) regular edge labelings. Our upper bound relies on a novel application of Shearer's entropy lemma. As an example of the wider applicability of this technique, we also improve the upper bound on the number of 2-orientations of a quadrangulation to O(1.87n).
An algorithmic analysis of Flood-It and Free-Flood-It on graph powers
Authors: Souza Uéverton dos Santos , Protti Fábio , Silva Maise 
Published: August 2021

Analysis of Algorithms
Flood-it is a combinatorial game played on a colored graph G whose aim is to make the graph monochromatic using the minimum number of flooding moves, relatively to a fixed pivot. Free-Flood-it is a variant where the pivot can be freely chosen for each move of the game. The standard versions of Flood-it and Free-Flood-it are played on m ×n grids. In this paper we analyze the behavior of these games when played on other classes of graphs, such as d-boards, powers of cycles and circular grids. We describe polynomial time algorithms to play Flood-it on C2n (the second power of a cycle on n vertices), 2 ×n circular grids, and some types of d-boards (grids with a monochromatic column). We also show that Free-Flood-it is NP-hard on C2n and 2 ×n circular grids.
Bounding the monomial index and (1,l)-weight choosability of a graph
Authors: Seamone Ben 
Published: August 2021

Graph Theory
Let G = (V,E) be a graph. For each e ∈E(G) and v ∈V(G), let Le and Lv, respectively, be a list of real numbers. Let w be a function on V(G) ∪E(G) such that w(e) ∈Le for each e ∈E(G) and w(v) ∈Lv for each v ∈V(G), and let cw be the vertex colouring obtained by cw(v) = w(v) + ∑ₑ ∋vw(e). A graph is (k,l)-weight choosable if there exists a weighting function w for which cw is proper whenever |Lv| ≥k and |Le| ≥l for every v ∈V(G) and e ∈E(G). A sufficient condition for a graph to be (1,l)-weight choosable was developed by Bartnicki, Grytczuk and Niwczyk (2009), based on the Combinatorial Nullstellensatz, a parameter which they call the monomial index of a graph, and matrix permanents. This paper extends their method to establish the first general upper bound on the monomial index of a graph, and thus to obtain an upper bound on l for which every admissible graph is (1,l)-weight choosable. Let ∂2(G) denote the smallest value s such that every induced subgraph of G has vertices at distance 2 whose degrees sum to at most s. We show that every admissible graph has monomial index at most ∂2(G) and hence that such graphs are (1, ∂2(G)+1)-weight choosable. While this does not improve the best known result on (1,l)-weight choosability, we show that the results can be extended to obtain improved bounds for some graph products; for instance, it is shown that G □ Kn is (1, nd+3)-weight choosable if G is d-degenerate.
Graphs with large disjunctive total domination number
Authors: Henning Michael A. , Naicker Viroshan 
Published: August 2021

Graph Theory
Let G be a graph with no isolated vertex. In this paper, we study a parameter that is a relaxation of arguably the most important domination parameter, namely the total domination number, γt(G). A set S of vertices in G is a disjunctive total dominating set of G if every vertex is adjacent to a vertex of S or has at least two vertices in S at distance 2 from it. The disjunctive total domination number, γdt(G), is the minimum cardinality of such a set. We observe that γdt(G) ≤γt(G). Let G be a connected graph on n vertices with minimum degree δ. It is known [J. Graph Theory 35 (2000), 21 13;45] that if δ≥2 and n ≥11, then γt(G) ≤4n/7. Further [J. Graph Theory 46 (2004), 207 13;210] if δ≥3, then γt(G) ≤n/2. We prove that if δ≥2 and n ≥8, then γdt(G) ≤n/2 and we characterize the extremal graphs.
Extending a perfect matching to a Hamiltonian cycle
Authors: Alahmadi Adel , Aldred Robert E. L. , Alkenani Ahmad , Hijazi Rola , Solé P. , Thomassen Carsten 
Published: August 2021

Graph Theory
Ruskey and Savage conjectured that in the d-dimensional hypercube, every matching M can be extended to a Hamiltonian cycle. Fink verified this for every perfect matching M, remarkably even if M contains external edges. We prove that this property also holds for sparse spanning regular subgraphs of the cubes: for every d ≥7 and every k, where 7 ≤k ≤d, the d-dimensional hypercube contains a k-regular spanning subgraph such that every perfect matching (possibly with external edges) can be extended to a Hamiltonian cycle. We do not know if this result can be extended to k=4,5,6. It cannot be extended to k=3. Indeed, there are only three 3-regular graphs such that every perfect matching (possibly with external edges) can be extended to a Hamiltonian cycle, namely the complete graph on 4 vertices, the complete bipartite 3-regular graph on 6 vertices and the 3-cube on 8 vertices. Also, we do not know if there are graphs of girth at least 5 with this matching-extendability property.
An efficient certificateless aggregate signature scheme for vehicular ad-hoc networks
Authors: Malhi Avleen Kaur , Batra Shalini 
Published: August 2021

Distributed Computing and Networking
The state-of-the-art telecommunication technologies have widely been adapted for sensing the traffic related information and collection of it. Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) have emerged as a novel technology for revolutionizing the driving experiences of human. The most effective and widely recognized way for mutual authentication among entities in VANETs is digital signature scheme. The new and attractive paradigm which eliminates the use of certificates in public key cryptography and solves the key escrow problem in identity based cryptography is certificateless cryptography. A new certificateless aggregate signature scheme is proposed in the paper for VANETs with constant pairing computations. Assuming the hardness of computational Diffie-Hellman Problem, the scheme is proved to be existentially unforgeable in the random oracle model against adaptive chosen-message attacks.
Noncommutative symmetric functions III : Deformations of Cauchy and convolution algebras
Authors: Duchamp Gérard , Klyachko Alexander , Krob Daniel , Thibon Jean-Yves 
Published: August 2021

[in "Special Issue : Lie Computations", G. Jacob, V. Koseleff, Eds.]
This paper discusses various deformations of free associative algebras and of their convolution algebras. Our main examples are deformations of noncommutative symmetric functions related to families of idempotents in descent algebras, and a simple q-analogue of the shuffle product, which has unexpected connections with quantum groups, hyperplane arrangements, and certain questions in mathematical physics (the quon algebra, generalized Brownian motion).