bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association Between Asthma and Risk of Myasthenia Gravis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yingchoncharoen Pitchaporn , Charoenngam Nipith , Ponvilawan Ben , Thongpiya Jerapas , Chaikijurajai Thanat , Ungprasert Patom 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the association between asthma and risk of myasthenia gravis (MG) using the method of systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsPotentially eligible studies were identified from Medline and EMBASE databases from inception to … using search strategy that comprised of terms for “Asthma” and “Myasthenia Gravis”. Eligible cohort study must consist of one cohort of individuals with asthma and another cohort of individuals without asthma. Then, the study must report relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of incident MG between the groups. Eligible case-control studies must include cases with MG and controls without MG. Then, the study must explore their history of asthma. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% CIs of the association between asthma status and MG must be reported. Point estimates with standard errors were retrieved from each study and were combined together using the generic inverse variance method.ResultsA total of 6,835 articles were identified. After two rounds of independent review by five investigators, two cohort studies and three case-control studies met the eligibility criteria and were included into the meta-analysis. Pooled analysis showed that asthma was significantly associated with risk of MG with the pooled risk ratio of 1.38 (95%CI, 1.02 – 1.86). Funnel plot was symmetric.Conclusion﻿The current study found a significant association between asthma and increased risk of MG.
Umbilical catheter placement and pericardial effusion in neonates: The US national database
Authors: Elgendy Marwa M , Aly Hany , mohamed Mohamed A. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We aimed to assess the association of umbilical catheters placement with pericardial effusion (PCE) in newborn infants after controlling for confounding variables. We analyzed three subpopulations: infants with birth weight (BW) > 2500g, infants with BW < 1500g, and infants with congenital heart diseases (CHD). We utilized the US-National Inpatient Sample dataset (1997–2012). First analysis included a 22,822,931 infants with BW > 2500g with no hydrops fetalis. Of them, 2583 neonates (0.01%) had PCE. PCE was found in 0.33% of infants with UAC only, 0.22% of infants with UVC only and 0.37% of infants with both catheters (aOR = 2.7, CI:2.4–3.2, p < 0.001), aOR = 2.8, CI: 2.3–3.5, p < 0.001), and aOR = 2.8, CI: 2.4–3.2, p < 0.001), respectively. The second analysis included a 200,288 infants with CHD and BW > 2500g. Of them, 1130 (0.56%) had PCE. PCE was found in 1.46% of infants with UAC, 0.78% of infants with UVC and 0.98% of infants with both catheters (aOR = 2.1, CI:1.8–2.6, p < 0.001), aOR = 1.4, CI:1.1–1.9, p = 0.036) and a OR = 1.6, CI:1.3–1.9, p < 0.001), respectively. While, a total of 1,187,727 infants with BW < 1500g were included in the third analysis. Of them, 1667 (0.14%) had PCE. PCE was found in 0.15% of infants with UAC, 0.19% of infants with UVC and 0.26% of infants with both catheters. (aOR = 1.1, CI: 0.9–1.3, p < 0.90), aOR = 1.4, CI: 1.2–1.7, p < 0.001) and aOR = 1.6, CI:1.4–1.8, p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusion: Central umbilical catheters are associated with increased risk for pericardial effusion and they may be independently associated with the occurrence of pericardial effusion in infants with congenital heart disease.
Individual Heterogeneity Screened Umbilical Cord Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells With High Treg Promotion Significantly Recovered the Mouse Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Xie Yuanyuan , Liu Shuo , Wang Liudi , Yang Hui , Tai Chenxu , Ling Li , Chen Libo , Liu Shanshan , Wang Bin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTo compare the heterogeneities of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs) derived from different donors and test their therapeutic variations in mouse liver fibrosis model. MethodsThe HUCMSCs derived multiple donors were performed comprehensively analysis and potent assays including expressions of surface markers, viability, growth curve, karyotype analysis, tumorigenicity, differentiation potentials, and immune regulation capability. Then the HUCMSCs with distinct immunomodulatory effects were tested for treating liver fibrosis in mice and then therapeutic effects were observed. ResultsThe HUCMSCs derived multiple donors kept a high consistency in surface marker expressions, viability, growth curve, tumorigenicity in nude mic, but had robust heterogeneities in differentiation potentials and immune regulations. In addition, three HUCMSC lines applied to mice liver fibrosis model had different therapeutic outcomes, in line with individual immune regulation capability. ConclusionThe HUCMSCs derived different donors have individual heterogeneity, which potentially lead to distinct therapeutic outcomes in mouse liver fibrosis, indicating we could make use of the donor-variation of MSCs to screen out guaranteed general indicators of MSCs for specific diseases in further stem cell therapy.
Identifying longitudinal child growth curve pattern using Functional Principal Component Analysis from birth cohort study in South India
Authors: Karuppusami Reka , Belavendra Antonisamy , Premkumar Prasanna S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Human growth studies has long been of interest to researchers and health authorities. Predominantly, the study of physical growth in children is a challenging and complex issue. The goal of a variety of studies from across the world is to develop overall health and well-being in children. It is therefore important that we need to identify an accurate and reliable approach for characterising growth trajectories to distinguish between children who have healthy growth and those growth is poor. Many statistical approaches are available to assess the longitudinal growth data and which are difficult to recognize the pattern. The purpose of this study is to identify the longitudinal child growth trajectory pattern and factors association on the growth function using an advanced statistical technique. Methods: This longitudinal birth cohort study (n=290) was conducted in three nearby urban slums communities in Vellore, South India. Pregnant women were identified during a survey conducted in 2002 and infants were recruited from birth between the period of March 2002 and August 2003 following written informed consent from the mother. Growth outcomes of height and weight measurements were recorded for each child continuously in first 36 months. Functional Principal Component Analysis was used to classify the longitudinal child growth trajectory pattern. Functional linear model was used to assess the factors association with the growth functions. Results: We have obtained four functional principal components explained by 86.5%, 3.9%, 3.1% and 2.2% of the variation respectively for the height functions. 38% of the children’s had poor growth trajectories in height. Similarly, we have obtained three functional principal components explained 76.2%, 8.8%, and 4.7% respectively for the weight functions. 44% of the children’s had poor growth in their weight trajectories. The study shows that gender, socio-economic status, parent’s education, breast feeding, and gravida are associated and, influence the growth pattern in children. Conclusions: The advanced FPC approach deals with subjects’ dynamics of growth and not with specific values at given times. FPCA may be a better alternative approach in the sense of both dimension reduction and pattern detection. FPCA may be used to offer greater insight for classification.
Numerical simulation for optimization of ultra-thin n-type AZO and TiO2 based textured p-type c-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells
Authors: Yadav Chandan , kumar sushil 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A maximum efficiency of 17% for ultra-thin n-type AZO layer and 17.5% for ultra-thin n-type TiO2 layer based silicon heterojunction solar cell is reported by optimizing its properties which is much higher than practically obtained efficiency signifying a lot of improvements can be performed to improve efficiency of TiO2/Si and AZO/Si heterojunction solar cell. AZO layer and TiO2 layer is used as n-type emitter layer and crystalline silicon wafer is used as p-type (p-cSi) layer for modelling AZO/Si and TiO2/Si heterojunctions solar cell respectively using AFORS HET automat simulation software. Various parameters like thickness of AZO, TiO2 layer, p-cSi layer, doping concentration of donors (Nd) and effective conduction band density (Nc) are optimized. Finally, texturing at different angle is studied and maximum efficiency is reported at 70 µm thick p-type crystalline Silicon (p-cSi) wafer, that can be very helpful for manufacturing low cost HJ solar cells at industrial scale because of thin wafer and removal of additional processing setup required for deposition of amorphous silicon i-layer. Utilization of TiO2 and Aluminium doped Zinc Oxide as n-type layer and p-cSi as p-type layer can help in producing low cost and efficient heterojunction (HJ) than compared to HJ with intrinsic thin layer HIT solar cells.
Synthesis, Molecular Docking and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Some Benzothiazoles
Authors: Pawar Smita J. , Kale Amol , Zori Priya , Dorugade Rahul 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Abstract
The new series of 2-(substituted amino)-N-(6- substituted-1,3-benzothiazol-2yl) acetamide BTC(a-t) has been synthesized by appropriate synthetic route from substituted 2-amino benzothiazole. The synthesized compounds were screened experimentally for its antimicrobial property against gram positive, gram negative bacteria and fungi. Zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration of compounds was determined against selected bacterial and fungal strains. Compound BTC-j N-(6-methoxy-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-(pyridine-3-yl amino) acetamide and compound BTC-r N-(6-nitro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-(pyridine-3-yl amino) acetamide found to have good antimicrobial potential. The compound BTC-j has shown good antibacterial activity against S. aureus at MIC of 12.5 µg/ml, B. subtilis at MIC of 6.25µg/ml, E. coli at MIC of 3.125µg/ml and P. aeruginosa at MIC of 6.25µg/ml. No statistical difference in antimicrobial activity of standard and test compounds was found indicating test compounds have comparable activity. Further docking study was carried out to check the probable interactions with the selected protein using V-life MDS 3.5 software. (DNA gyrase, PDB: 3G75). The dock score of compounds and antimicrobial activity found to be consistent.
Supportive Care Needs Survey Short Form-34(SCNS-SF-34) Nepali Version: Psychometric Assessment Among Cervical Cancer Patients in Nepal
Authors: Dhakal Kamala , Wang Panpan , Mboineki Joanes Faustine , Getu Mikiyas Amare , Chen Changying , Boyes Allison , Shrestha Daya Laxmi , Ghimire Bijesh Raj , Adhikari Abish , Adhikari Bibhav 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
PurposePsychometrically valid and reliable supportive care need survey(SCNS) instrument explores perceived supportive care needs of cervical cancer patients in comprehensively. No Nepali validated version so we decided to test the psychometric properties of the translated Nepali version of SCNS-SF 34-N(Nepali) among cervical cancer patients.Methods334 participants were recruited purposively from 5 cancers specific hospital. Factor structure was assessed by using Exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Structure validity, Internal consistency convergent validity, and discriminant validity of the resulting factor structure were calculated and confirmed. ResultsUsing EFA a five-factor structure was developed considering higher loading factor for multiple loaded items which was similar with the dimensions of the original version of the SCNS-SF34 (psychological, health system and information, physical and daily living, patient care and support, and sexuality), accounting for 65.48% of the total variance. Internal consistency was achieved at an acceptable level, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranging from 0.789 to 0.929for all five domains and 0.887 for the whole scale. Convergent validity was confirmed by significant inter item correlations with all corresponding items. Independent 't' test between known subgroups on age, marital status, stage of disease and treatment modalities confirmed discriminant validity.ConclusionsIt was confirmed that the SCNS-SF 34 N(Nepali) is a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of the supportive care needs of cervical cancer patients in Nepal
Associations of Meeting 24-hour Movement Guidelines with Stress and Self-rated Health among Adults: Is Meeting more Guidelines Associated with Greater Benefits?
Authors: KASTELIC Kaja , PEDIŠIĆ Željko , LIPOVAC Dean , KASTELIC Nika , CHEN Si-Tong , Šarabon Nejc 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Several countries have recently issued 24-hour movement guidelines for adults. From a public health perspective, it is important to explore the health benefits of meeting the 24-hour movement guidelines. This study, therefore, aimed to explore the associations of meeting the 24-hour movement guidelines with stress and self-rated health among adults, and whether the likelihood of favourable outcomes increases with the number of movement guidelines met.Methods: A total of 2476 adults participated in our survey. The participants were categorised depending on whether they met the combined 24-hour movement guidelines, any combination of two individual guidelines, or any individual guideline. The associations of meeting the movement guidelines with stress and self-rated health were analysed using ordinal logistic regression models.Results: Significantly lower odds of reporting higher frequency of stress were found for those who met the combined 24-hour movement guidelines (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32, 0.63; p < 0.001), any combination of two guidelines (OR range: 0.48 – 0.63; p < 0.05 for all), and sleep guideline only (OR = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.35, 0.75; p = 0.001). Significantly higher odds of reporting better self-rated health were found for those who met the combined 24-hour movement guidelines (OR = 2.94; 95% CI: 2.07, 4.19; p < 0.001), combination of MVPA and SB guidelines (OR = 2.33; 95% CI: 1.57, 3.44; p < 0.001), combination of MVPA and sleep guidelines (OR = 1.78; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.59; p = 0.002), and MVPA guideline only (OR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.50, 3.36; p < 0.001). Meeting more guidelines was associated with greater odds of favourable outcomes (p for linear trend < 0.001). Conclusion: Adults who meet the sleep guideline, any combination of two guidelines, or all three guidelines experience stress less frequently. Meeting the MVPA guideline alone or in combination with any other movement behaviour guideline was associated with better self-rated health. The likelihood of less frequent stress and better self-rated health increases with the number of guidelines met. These findings highlight the public health importance of encouraging adults to meet as many movement behaviour guidelines as possible.
Vitamin D Deficiency Enhances Non-typeable Haemophilus Influenzae Clearance During Repeated Infections but Worsens Lung Function, Irrespective of Cigarette Smoke Exposure
Authors: Serré Jef , Tanjeko Ajime Tom , Mathyssen Carolien , Heigl Tobias , Cook Dana Paulina , Verbeken Erik , Maes Karen , Verhaegen Jan , Pilette Charles , Vanoirbeek Jeroen , Gysemans Conny , Mathieu Chantal , Vanaudenaerde Bart , Janssens Wim , Gayan-Ramirez Ghislaine 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), exacerbations cause acute inflammatory flare-ups and increase the risk for hospitalization and mortality. Exacerbations are common in all disease stages and are often caused by bacterial infections e.g., non-typeable Heamophilus influenzae (NTHi). Accumulating evidence also associates vitamin D deficiency with the severity of COPD and exacerbation frequency. However, it is still unclear whether vitamin D deficiency when combined with cigarette smoking would worsen and prolong exacerbations caused by repeated infections with the same bacterial strain. Methods: vitamin D sufficient (VDS) and deficient (VDD) mice were exposed to nose-only cigarette smoke (CS) for 14 weeks and oropharyngeally instilled with NTHi at week 6, 10 and 14. Three days after the last instillation, mice were assessed for lung function, remodeling, inflammation and immunity. The impact of VDD and CS on inflammatory cells and immunoglobulin (Ig) production was also assessed in non-infected animals while serum Ig production against NTHi and dsDNA was measured in COPD patients before and 1 year after supplementation with Vitamin D3. Results: VDD enhanced NTHi eradication, independently of CS and complete eradiation was reflected by decreased anti-NTHi Ig’s within the lung. In addition, VDD led to an increase in total lung capacity (TLC), lung compliance (Cchord), MMP12/TIMP1 ratio with a rise in serum Ig titers and anti-dsDNA Ig’s. Interestingly, in non-infected animals, VDD exacerbated the CS-induced anti-NTHi Ig’s, anti-dsDNA Ig’s and inflammatory cells within the lung. In COPD patients, serum Ig production was not affected by vitamin D status but anti-NTHi IgG increased after vitamin D3 supplementation in Vitamin D insufficient patients before treatment. Conclusion: During repeated infections, VDD facilitated NTHi eradication and resolution of local lung inflammation through production of anti-NTHi Ig, independently of CS but it also produced autoantibodies. In COPD patients, vitamin D supplementation might be protective against NTHi infections in vitamin D insufficient patient. Future research is needed to decipher the protective or self-destructive effects of VDD on adaptive immunity.Trail registration: ClinicalTrails, NCT00666367. Registered 23 April 2008, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT00666367
Computational power of single qubit discrete-time quantum walk
Authors: Singh Shivani , Chawla Prateek , Sarkar Anupam , Chandrashekar C. M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Quantum walk has been regarded as a primitive to universal quantum computation. By using the operations required to describe the single particle discrete-time quantum walk on a position space we demonstrate the realization of the universal set of gates on two-and three-qubit system. The idea is to reap the effective Hilbert space of the single qubit and the position space on which it evolves in superposition of position space in order to realize multi-qubit states and universal set of quantum gates on them. Realization of many non-trivial gates in the form of engineering arbitrary states is simpler in the proposed quantum walk model when compared to the circuit based model of computation. We will also discuss the scalability of the model and some propositions for using lesser number of qubits in realizing larger qubit systems.
Evaluating Human-Centred Design for Public Health A Case Study on Developing a Healthcare App with Refugee Communities.
Authors: Bartlett Rebeccah , Boyle Jacqueline , Smith Jessica Simons , Khan Nadia , Robinson Tracy , Ramaswamy Rohit 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Australian women from migrant and refugee communities experience reduced access to sexual and reproductive healthcare. Human-centred design is an ethical and effective approach to developing health solutions with underserved populations that are more likely to experience significant disadvantage or social marginalisation. This study aimed to evaluate how well Shifra, a small Australian-based not-for-profit, applied human-centred design when developing a web-based application that delivers local, evidence-based and culturally relevant health information to its non-English speaking users. Methods: This study undertook a document review, survey and semi-structured interviews to evaluate how well Shifra was able to achieve its objectives using a human-centred design approach. Results: A co-design process successfully led to the development of a web-based health app for refugee and migrant women. This evaluation also yielded several important recommendations for improving Shifra’s human-centred design approach moving forward. Conclusions: Improving refugees’ access to sexual and reproductive health is complex and requires innovative and thoughtful problem solving. This evaluation of Shifra’s human-centred design approach provides a helpful and rigorous guide in reporting that may encourage other organisations undertaking human-centred design work to evaluate their own implementation. Keywords: human-centred design; design thinking; refugee health; evaluation Plain language summary: Australian women from non-English speaking migrant and refugee communities face reduced access to sexual and reproductive healthcare and many then go on to experience poor health outcomes as a result. There is an urgent need for new approach to improve access to healthcare for underserved communities, one that centres these women in the process of finding, developing and disseminating the solutions themselves. Human-centred design is an ethical and effective methodology to working with communities to develop these health solutions. This study aimed to evaluate how well Shifra, a small Australian-based not-for-profit focused on improving access to healthcare for refugees and new migrants, undertook human-centred design approach when developing a Smartphone app that deliver local, safe and culturally relevant health information to non-English speaking Australians. The authors interviewed refugees, health and social sector experts and computer programmers involved in creating Shifra to evaluate how well they used human-centred design to achieve its goals. This evaluation found that Shifra’s approach was successful whilst also highlighting several important recommendations for improving collaborative efforts with refugee communities. These findings could help other projects also seeking to undertake an authentic community co-design process.
Kupyaphores are counter regulatory zinc homeostatic metallophores required for Mycobacterium tuberculosis colonization
Authors: Mehdiratta Kritee , Singh Shubham , Sharma Sachin , Bhosale Rashmi , Choudhury Rahul , Masal Dattatraya P. , Manocha Alzu , Dhamale Bhushan Dilip , Khan Naseem , A. Vivekanand , Sharma Pooja , Ikeh Melanie , Brown Amanda C. , Parish Tanya , Ojha Anil , Michael Joy Sarojini , Faruq Mohammed , Medigeshi Guruprasad R. , Mohanty Debasisa , Re D Srinivasa , Natarajan Vivek , Kamat Siddhesh , Gokhale Rajesh 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) patients suffer from progressive and debilitating loss of muscle mass and function, referred to as cachexia. Though a multifactorial condition, cachexia in cancer is promoted by systemic zinc redistribution and accumulation in muscles. Clinical studies with TB patients indeed show zinc dyshomeostasis. We therefore set out to understand mechanisms by which Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) govern zinc metallostasis at the host-pathogen interface. Here, we report a novel zinc metallophore from Mtb that restores zinc metabolic imbalance. These diisonitrile lipopeptides, named kupyaphores are transiently induced early-on during macrophage infection and also in infected mice lungs. Kupyaphores protects bacteria from host-mediated nutritional deprivation and intoxication. Kupyaphore Mtb mutant strain cannot mobilize zinc and shows reduced fitness in mice. Further, we characterize Mtb encoded isonitrile hydratase that could mediate intracellular zinc release through covalent modification of kupyaphores. Our studies could provide a molecular link between TB-induced altered zinc homeostasis and associated cachexia.