bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shear-Wave Velocity Site Characterization in Oklahoma from Joint Inversion of Multimethod Surface Seismic Measurements: Implications for Central U.S. Ground-Motion Prediction
Authors: Stephenson William J. , Odum Jack K. , Hartzell Steve H. , Leeds Alena L. , Williams Robert A. 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We analyze multimethod shear (SH)-wave velocity (VS) site characterization data acquired at three permanent and 25 temporary seismograph stations in Oklahoma that recorded M 4+ earthquakes within a 50 km hypocentral distance of at least one of the 2016 M 5.1 Fairview, M 5.8 Pawnee, or M 5.0 Cushing earthquakes to better constrain earthquake ground-motion modeling in the region. We acquired active-source seismic data for time-averaged VS to 30 m depth (VS30) at 28 seismograph stations near the Fairview, Pawnee, and Cushing epicentral areas. The SH-wave refraction travel times coupled with Rayleigh- and Love-wave phase velocity dispersion were extracted and modeled in a nonlinear least-squares (L2) joint inversion to obtain a best-fit 1D VS versus depth profile for each site. At a subset of sites where the preferred L2 inverse model did not optimally fit each of the Love, Rayleigh, and SH travel-time datasets, we explore application of simulated annealing in a joint inversion to find a more global solution. VS30 values range from 262 to 807  m/s for the preferred measured (in situ) VS profiles, or National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) site class D to B, and are broadly comparable with estimates from previous data reports in the region. Site amplification estimates were calculated next from 1D SH transfer functions of the preferred VS profiles and then compared against observed horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios (HVSRs) from nearby seismograph stations. We generally see good agreement between the predicted in situ model and the observed HVSR resonant frequencies, with nominal amplifications between 2 and 10 within the 2–15 Hz frequency band. Next, using 40 known in situ VS30 measurements in the region, we demonstrate that the in situ VS30 values improve the fit for selected suites of ground-motion models (GMMs) for M 4+ earthquakes within a 50 km hypocentral distance when compared with proxy methods, arguing for future development of GMMs implementing in situ VS profiles.
Vagus nerve stimulation in chronic refractory epilepsy: chasing the cardiologist
Authors: Chaudhary Ansh , Chaudhary Bhupendra 
Published: April 2021

Epilepsy the second most common chronic neurological disorder after stroke affect 0.5-2% population worldwide. Antiepileptic drugs though remain the corner stone in management of epilepsy in majority of patients but still 30% of patients continues to have seizure or experience unacceptable pharmacological side effect. Electrical stimulation of vagus nerve is an effective and promising neurophysiological treatment for patients with refractory epilepsy who are either unsuitable candidate of surgery or falls in category of surgically refractory epilepsy.
Barriers in utilisation of dental services among older people in South Kerala
Authors: Salim Reethu , V Ramankutty 
Published: April 2021

The utilization of dental services among older people is an important parameter in health service planning. Studies show that the utilization of dental services among older people in India is low. This study aims to explore the barriers in the utilization of dental services among older people. A cross-sectional study was done on 399 older people to examine the barriers in the utilization of dental services among the older population, who are defined as people aged 60 years and above, in South Kerala. Circular systemic random sampling was used to recruit the sample from the district of Kollam in Kerala. All the study participants, as defined by the inclusion criteria were considered for the study. The mean age of the study population was 65.3±5.5 (n=399). The main barrier that prevented older people from utilizing oral health care was their adaptation to the present health situation 343(86), followed by perceived high expense 309(77.4). The frequency of previous dental visits among participants was highest in the past year 129(33.4). More than half of the participants 244(61) had visited a dentist to extract their teeth and only 7(1.7) had visited the dentist for their routine dental check-ups. A 206(51.4) participants had visited a private clinic to receive dental care and 70(17.7) had visited a government facility to take dental care. The main reasons for visiting a particular centre among the participants were accessibility 168(42.2), and the least reported reason was the familiarity of the dentist 32(8). To minimize the barriers to utilization of dental services and to address the health needs of the increasing older population, the health system needs to be strengthened especially the primary health care centres with the need to integrate oral health programs and emphasis on health promotion.
A three dimensional finite element analysis of fiber post and dentin post in permanent maxillary central incisors: An in-vitro study
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Ramagoni Naveen Kumar , Kuniyil Shakir Mekkalayil , Babu Aleena , Nanda Anisha 
Published: April 2021

: Endodontically treated teeth are generally weakened as a result of loss of tooth structure due to decay, previous restorative procedures and endodontic access preparation. Ideal coronal reconstruction of endodontically treated tooth is still a challenge for restorative dentistry. Post and core system is a widely used method for treatment of structurally weakened teeth. Two extracted, caries-free maxillary central incisors with straight root canal were collected and mounted. Post space preparation were done and restored with fiber post and dentin post respectively. The model is simulated using the software “Creo” and this data is then transferred to software “Hypermesh” to create a Finite Element model i.e., a mesh of nodes and elements. This mesh is programmed to contain the material properties which defined how the structure will react to loading conditions at different angles. The Analysis is carried out using the Ansys software.: The FEA results showed that the Dentin post have better fracture resistance. The comparison between fiber and dentin posts exhibited a better stress resistance of dentin post over fiber post. Further research in this regard is required to support the findings of this study results.
A Brief Study of Dietary Salt Intake in an Urban Population
Authors: Soltani Tahere , Mazloomy Mahmoodabad Seyed Saeed , Nadjarzadeh Azadeh , Vaezi Ali Akbar , Namayandeh Seyedeh Mahdieh , Soltani Mohammad Hossein , Fallahzadeh Hossien 
Published: April 2021

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the amount of salt consumed by the people living in Yazd, Iran and its related factors based on previous investigations.
materials and methods: A general search was performed on electronic databases of Daneshgostar Barakat system, Magiran, SID and English databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of sciences, Science direct, and Google scholar search engines using following keywords: "salt intake" OR "sodium intake" OR "salt reduction" OR "salt content" OR "sodium reduction" OR "Diet, Reducing" regardless of the time interval. A total of 273 articles were obtained from the mentioned website. Papers published up to September 30, 2019 were retrieved. A total of 15 related articles were analyzed, and studies on the amount of salt consumed were evaluated.
Results: The amount of salt received by the people of Yazd is higher than the standard of the World Organization and has an increasing trend.
Conclusion: A population-based approach for salt intake reduction can lower blood pressure levels and presumably significantly reduce mortality. Therefore, the implementation of a comprehensive plan and intervention for salt consumption is necessary for this population.
Evaluation of the Prognostic Value of Peritoneal Cytology in Patients with Endometrial Cancer: A Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Binesh Fariba , Moravej Mohammad Taghi , Heydari Safiyehsadat , Aghabagheri Mahdi , Dehghan Hamidreza 
Published: April 2021

Objective: In 1988, a new conception for endometrial cancer staging was introduced by Fédération Internationale de Gynecologie et d'Obstétrique (FIGO). In addition to pathologic development, peritoneal cytology played an important role in the staging. The goal of peritoneal cytology was to identify hidden and microscopic extensions outside the uterus. In 2009, the system was reviewed; one of the changes was removing the peritoneal cytology. The aim of this review is to evaluate the effect of peritoneal cytology on the survival of patients with endometrial cancer.
Methods and analysis: This protocol is reported based on the PRISMA-P guideline. We will search "endometrial cancer," "peritoneal washing," and any other relevant words on PubMed, Cochran, EMBASE, and Scopus databases. The eligibility criteria are: All original studies performed on patients with endometrial cancer, evaluated survival, and performed peritoneal washing cytology. Only one of the non-English studies with the same respect will be included according to the research team's opinion. Also, the most recent paper among multiple articles about a single study is chosen. It should be noted that there will not be any restrictions regarding the language and publication date. For quality assessment, we will use the quality in prognosis (QUIPS) tool. If possible, a meta-analysis will also be performed using a rndom effects model, and overall survival rates and confidence intervals will be reported. Heterogeneity will be tested by using the I2 index and Cochrane's Q test. Subgroup analysis will be performed to handle the heterogeneity. The publication bias will be assessed in the presence of 10 or more relevant articles. If there is no chance of meta-analysis, the result will be reported qualitatively.
Discussion: The resulting review will provide valuable information regarding the prognostic value of peritoneal cytology in patiens with endometrial cancer.
Relationship between Diet Quality and Quality of Life among Overweight and Obese Women
Authors: Hadidi Mahsa , Sajadi Hezaveh Zohreh , Tanha Kiarash , Hamidi Zahra , Khalighi Sikaroudi Masoumeh , Yavari Mahsa , Ebrahimi Zohre , Bahrami Leila Sadat , Vafa Mohammadreza 
Published: April 2021

Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing among women. Since diet quality and quality of life are two indicators of healthy lifestyle, we conducted this study to examine the relationship between these two indicators among overweight and obese women.
Methods: This study was carried out among a sample of 111 overweight and obese women, aged 35-60 years in the west of Tehran, Iran. Dietary data were collected using a 168-item food frequency questionnaire and the Nutrient-Rich Food index (NRF9.3) algorithms were used to estimate the nutrient density. The quality of life was measured using 26-item WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. The SPSS 24 was run for statistical analysis.
Results: We found that the participants’ quality of life had a significant relationship with their occupational, marital, and educational status, but no significant association was observed between the quality of life and diet quality (P = 0.50). Pearson correlation showed that NRF9.3 score was positively associated with body mass index (P = 0.01), but no difference was found between obese and overweight women regarding quality of life.
Conclusion: The NRF9.3 index was not associated with WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire's score, while job, marriage, and education were significantly associated with the quality of life. Further studies are needed to clarify the relationship between quality of life and diet quality among overweight and obese women.
THE ROLE OF GENDER-TARGETED CASH TRANSFERS IN INCREASING SCHOOL ENROLLMENT IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
Authors: Javaid Maria Faiq , Jadoon Atif Khan , Asif Tayyaba , Sarwar Ambreen 
Published: April 2021

Purpose of the study: This study is conducted to assess the success of the Female Stipend Program (FSP), started in the province Punjab, Pakistan under the Punjab Education Sector Reform Program in 2003.
Methodology: Panel data on household-level collected from years 2016 to 2018 is used for the analysis. The impact of cash transfers (directed towards female students in selected districts of the province) on female school enrollment in public (elementary and high) schools is measured. Enrollment growth in public schools is used as a dependent variable whereas female stipend, the number of schools, student to teacher ratio, the population of the districts, and basic facilities available in public schools are taken as independent variables. The results are obtained by employing Linear Mixed Multilevel Modeling.
Main findings: All the variables, except the population of districts, are having a highly significant impact on the enrollment rate in Punjab. Female school's stipend, number of schools in the district, and the accessibility to basic infrastructural facilities have an important impact on female enrollment rate while a high student to teacher ratio negatively contributes to female enrollment rate. Furthermore, districts, where a stipend program is implemented, have higher enrollments as compared to other districts in the province.
Application of the study: Outcomes of the study indicate that cash transfer programs directed towards female school enrollment are very fruitful in the case of Punjab. Therefore, such programs should be started in other provinces of the country as well.
Novelty/ Originality of the study: The present study contributes to the research gap by using the largest data set available for all 36 districts of the province. To further highlight major factors contributing to high female school enrollments, the study includes school infrastructure, the population of districts, student-teacher ratio, and availability of schools in the model.
Production performance of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei with super-intensive culture on different rearing densities
Authors: Rakhmanda Andhika , Pribadi Agung , Parjiyo Parjiyo , Wibisono Bobby Indra Gunawan 
Published: April 2021

This research aimed to evaluate the production performance of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei with super-intensive culture on different rearing densities. The research was conducted at PT. Dewi Laut Aquaculture, Cikelet, Garut, West Java. As many of 8 ponds were used and divided into 2 groups based on the stock density of shrimp, 550 ind/m2 and 650 ind/m2, and reared for 99 days. The results showed that super-intensive shrimp culture at the density of 550–650 ind/m2 potentially produced shrimp with average body weight ranged from 15.91–19.31 g, survival rate 62.67–87.95%, growth 0.16 to 0.20 g/day, FCR 1.35–1.66, and productivity reach 5.55–9.19 kg/m2. There were no significant differences between the two stocking densities in body weight, growth, and feed conversion performance, while ponds with higher rearing density had better survival and productivity than ponds with lower rearing density. L. vannamei cultured at a density of 650 ind/m2 produces the best performance and most feasible to be applied in super-intensive white shrimp cultivation.
Keywords: Litopenaeus vannamei, super-intensive, high-density, production performance

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja produksi udang vaname pada sistem super- intensif dengan padat penebaran berbeda. Penelitian dilaksanakan di tambak PT. Dewi Laut Aquaculture, Cikelet, Garut, Jawa Barat, menggunakan 8 petak tambak. Tambak dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, masing-masing 4 petak tambak dengan padat tebar udang 550 ekor/m2 dan 4 petak tambak lainnya dengan padat tebar 650 ekor/m2 dengan masa pemeliharaan 99 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budidaya udang vaname pada sistem super-intensif dengan padat tebar 550–650 ekor/m2 dapat menghasilkan udang dengan bobot rata-rata berkisar antara 15.91–19.31 g, sintasan 62.67–87.95%, pertumbuhan 0.16–0.20 g/hari, konversi pakan (FCR) 1.35–1.66, dan produktivitas mencapai 5.55–9.19 kg/m2. Tidak ada perbedaan nyata antara kedua padat penebaran pada kinerja bobot, pertumbuhan harian, dan FCR; sementara tambak dengan kepadatan tinggi memiliki nilai sintasan dan produktivitas yang lebih tinggi dari tambak dengan kepadatan rendah. Padat penebaran 650 ekor/m2 menghasilkan kinerja produksi terbaik dan paling layak untuk diaplikasikan dalam budidaya udang vaname super-intensif.
Kata kunci : Litopenaeus vannamei, padat tebar tinggi, super-intensif, kinerja produksi
Effect of Tourniquet Use During Surgical Treatment of Open Fractures
Authors: Gitajn Ida Leah , Werth Paul M. , Sprague Sheila , Bzovsky Sofia , Petrisor Brad A. , Jeray Kyle J. , O’Hara Nathan N. , Bhandari Mohit , Slobogean Gerard ,   the FLOW Investigators
Published: April 2021

UpdateThis article was updated on September 24, 2021, because of a previous error. On page 864, in the final rowof Tables III and IV,text that had read “Gustilo Type IIIA and tourniquet use” now reads “Gustilo Type IIIB and tourniquet use.”.An erratum has been published: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2021 November 3;103(21):e88.Background:We sought to evaluate whether tourniquet use, with the resultant ischemia and reperfusion, during surgical treatment of an open lower-extremity fracture was associated with an increased risk of complications.Methods:This is a retrospective cohort study of 1,351 patients who had an open lower-extremity fracture at or distal to the proximal aspect of the tibia and who participated in the FLOW (Fluid Lavage of Open Wounds) trial. The independent variable was intraoperative tourniquet use, and the primary outcome measures were adjudicated unplanned reoperation within 1 year of the injury and adjudicated nonoperative wound complications.Results:Unplanned reoperation and nonoperative wound complications were roughly even between the no-tourniquet (18.7% and 19.1%, respectively) and tourniquet groups (17.8% and 20.8%) (p = 0.78 and p = 0.52). Following matching, as determined by model interactions, tourniquet use was a significant predictor of unplanned reoperation in Gustilo Type-IIIA (odds ratio, 3.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.16 to 11.78) and IIIB fractures (odds ratio, 16.61; 95% confidence interval, 2.15 to 355.40).Conclusions:The present study showed that tourniquet use did not influence the likelihood of complications following surgical treatment of an open lower-extremity fracture. However, in cases of severe open fractures, tourniquet use was associated with increased odds of unplanned reoperation; surgeons should be cautious with regard to tourniquet use in this setting.Level of Evidence:TherapeuticLevel III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Machine Learning Algorithms Predict Functional Improvement After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome in Athletes
Authors: Kunze Kyle N. , Polce Evan M. , Clapp Ian , Nwachukwu Benedict U. , Chahla Jorge , Nho Shane J. 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Despite previous reports of improvements for athletes following hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS), many do not achieve clinically relevant outcomes. The purpose of this study was to develop machine learning algorithms capable of providing patient-specific predictions of which athletes will derive clinically relevant improvement in sports-specific function after undergoing hip arthroscopy for FAIS.

Methods:
A registry was queried for patients who had participated in a formal sports program or athletic activities before undergoing primary hip arthroscopy between January 2012 and February 2018. The primary outcome was achieving the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in the Hip Outcome Score-Sports Subscale (HOS-SS) at a minimum of 2 years postoperatively. Recursive feature selection was used to identify the combination of variables, from an initial pool of 26 features, that optimized model performance. Six machine learning algorithms (stochastic gradient boosting, random forest, adaptive gradient boosting, neural network, support vector machine, and elastic-net penalized logistic regression [ENPLR]) were trained using 10-fold cross-validation 3 times and applied to an independent testing set of patients. Models were evaluated using discrimination, decision-curve analysis, calibration, and the Brier score.

Results:
A total of 1,118 athletes were included, and 76.9% of them achieved the MCID for the HOS-SS. A combination of 6 variables optimized algorithm performance, and specific cutoffs were found to decrease the likelihood of achieving the MCID: preoperative HOS-SS score of ≥58.3, Tönnis grade of 1, alpha angle of ≥67.1°, body mass index (BMI) of >26.6 kg/m2, Tönnis angle of >9.7°, and age of >40 years. The ENPLR model demonstrated the best performance (c-statistic: 0.77, calibration intercept: 0.07, calibration slope: 1.22, and Brier score: 0.14). This model was transformed into an online application as an educational tool to demonstrate machine learning capabilities.

Conclusions:
The ENPLR machine learning algorithm demonstrated the best performance for predicting clinically relevant sports-specific improvement in athletes who underwent hip arthroscopy for FAIS. In our population, older athletes with more degenerative changes, high preoperative HOS-SS scores, abnormal acetabular inclination, and an alpha angle of ≥67.1° achieved the MCID less frequently. Following external validation, the online application of this model may allow enhanced shared decision-making.
An Enhanced Cost-Effective Approach for WI Optimization Implemented in a Giant Carbonate Reservoir Undergoing a Transition Scheme from Peripheral to Pattern Injection
Authors: Martinez Santiago Maryvi , Ortiz Jhon , Alshehhi Fatmah , Bethapudi Bhanu , Permana Krisna , Ismail Ahmed , Al Qubais Faisal 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
With the aim to fulfil a more comprehensive and effective water injection optimization strategy in a giant carbonate reservoir, the asset carried out a dedicated study for a giant carbonate unit (Unit-M) to evaluate the specific challenges and define mitigation actions to improve the reservoir performance.
This paper outlines the experience of the successful integration and strong collaborative environment between Reservoir Management Surveillance-Studies, Water Handling, Optimization and Production Operations teams through the project execution leading to optimal solutions in a short period, in accordance with a long-term plan oriented to effectively manage future injection requirements. These actions allowed a favorable impact on the operating costs associated to the new and more efficient water balancing.
Water injection, oil production, and reservoir pressure performance in addition to surveillance data for Unit-M have been analyzed at region and well scale. A better-detailed understanding about Peripheral and pattern injection Balance using streamline simulation and material balance analysis provided the support to implement actions that include: reactivation of the pilot pattern WI wells, redistribution of Water Injection in the periphery, maximize the efficiency of the Water injectors (Roll Up, re-utilization in other units, P&A) and Optimize clusters utilization. Moreover, the reservoir simulation was used to verify the impact of the new Water Injection strategy in pressure maintenance, sweep efficiency and the ultimate recovery expected.
The conformation of a dedicated task force team between Water Handling Operations and Development teams enable the alignment to common goals and a successful integration that led to define short term actions and mitigate present challenges of waterflood reservoir management. Effective and timely application of these solutions resulted in significant reduced maintenance cost (+/-30%) of the wells and clusters involved.