bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategies to enhance community capacity on reducing landslides risk at Ngargoyoso District, Karanganyar Regency
Authors: Suryanto  , Nugraha S , Amanto B S , Prasetyani D 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNgargoyoso District, Karanganyar Regency Central Java Indonesia is categorized as vulnerable area for landslides. This area is characterized with high slope and its soil has texture and structure which easy to slide and erosion. The purpose of this study was to formulate a strategy to increase the community capacity on reducing regional and morphological risks of development in accordance with area functions, landslide susceptibility and soil erosion hazard level. The data used in this study was primary data, obtained through interviews with farmers and agricultural extension workers. Respondents were purposively selected with certain criteria. Qualitative descriptive approach and SWOT analysis were employed for data analysis. Strategies formulated were: 1) community needed to increase knowledge to understand environmental risks; 2) community motivation needed to create sustainable environment; 3) importance of environmentally friendly tourism management. The expected implementation of the current result is that community need to depend on the sustainable agricultural sector for their livelihood. Communities can reduce the risk of landslides that can harm their live in material and non-material aspect.
The appearance of DNA bands pattern based on the result of primary selection of RAPD orchid Phaius spp.
Authors: Hartati S , Samanhudi  , Cahyono O 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to examine the appearance of the DNA band pattern resulted from the selection of RAPD primers on Phaius spp. namely Phaius tankervillae, Phaius montanus, Phaius collasus and Phaius amboinensis. The research material was performed in the Center for Plant Conservation of the LIPI Bogor Botanical Gardens. Molecular analysis was carried out at the Laboratory of the Center for Horticultural and Tropical Studies IPB using RAPD. The study showed that the 2 primers RAPD OPA 02 and OPA 16 can be used for DNA amplification of orchids Phaius spp (Phaius tankervillae, Phaius montanus Phaius collasus and Phaius amboinensis) because they produce clear DNA bands. The result of PCR amplification on Phaius tankervillae, Phaius montanus, Phaius collasus, and Phaius amboinensis using OPA 02 and OPA 16 primers produced 11 and 9 DNA bands, respectively, with an average of 5 DNA bands per primer. In the band pattern at 800 bp on OPA 02 primers resulting sharp and clear band pattern quality.
Feeling Fallible, Being Wrong
Authors: Lee Maurice S 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis essay foregrounds the survival of literary criticism as a profession and argues that a lack of shared criteria in literary studies is not a problem to be solved but a condition that should provoke an openness to change, even if it often does the opposite. Beginning with recent debates over weak theory, postcritique, aesthetic judgment, and computational literary analysis, Maurice Lee brings a pragmatist approach to the crisis in the humanities—one that values pluralism, affect, fallibilism, and experimentation over epistemological certitude.
The Exclusion Clause in Canada: Prioritizing Practical Expediency
Authors: Lefebvre Camille , Lafontaine Fannie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Applying the Canadian legal framework for refugees in compliance with binding international instruments has entailed significant challenges. In order to fulfil its dual obligations of protecting people under threat of torture and persecution, while denying refugee status to those responsible for such atrocities, Canada relies on the exclusion clause of the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees as a practical and expedient solution. This article provides a comprehensive review of the jurisprudence related to Canada’s exclusion system, examining the judicial reasoning of decisions issued by the Immigration and Refugee Board, the Federal Court, the Federal Court of Appeal, and the Supreme Court of Canada. The analysis endorses the position that Canada’s continuing prioritization of security trumps humanitarian aims by an overly broad application of article 1F of the Refugee Convention. The interpretation of Canadian judiciary can lead to the improper application of international law, prompting the need for a reassessment of the Canadian exclusion system 70 years after the adoption of the Refugee Convention.
Correlation of ANA Characteristics with pANCA IFA Interference
Authors: Larkey Nicholas E , Denome Ashley M , Snyder Melissa R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) testing by the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) is important for the diagnosis of autoimmune vasculitis. A common analytical interference for ANCA-IFA is the presence of an antinuclear antibody (ANA), which can cause an apparent perinuclear ANCA (pANCA) result on ethanol-fixed neutrophils. Here, the association of ANA patterns, titers, and concentrations with pANCA interference is investigated.

Methods
Samples positive for ANA by IFA with homogeneous, speckled, dense fine speckled (DFS), and centromere patterns were tested for ANA by enzyme immunoassay (EIA)] and for ANCA by IFA on ethanol-fixed neutrophils. Titers and concentrations were determined for the ANA-IFA and EIA, respectively, and correlated with the frequency of pANCA interpretations.

Results
For ANA-EIA positive samples (≥1.1U), 20.0% led to a pANCA interpretation compared to 5.1% for negative samples (≤1.0U). For samples positive by ANA-IFA, 12.9% resulted in a pANCA interpretation. Interference on pANCA correlated with ANA-IFA titer, with ANA titers ≥1:1280 identified as pANCA positive in 20.9% of samples compared to 9.7% for titers &lt;1:1280. There was also a correlation with ANA pattern, as homogeneous samples were most likely to be called positive for pANCA (31.7%), followed by speckled (8.8%), DFS (6.8%), and centromere (3.6%).

Conclusions
Positivity for ANA by EIA is associated with increased prevalence of pANCA interpretation. Samples positive for ANA by IFA also demonstrated this association, particularly with higher-titer, homogeneous patterns. Laboratories can use this information to determine an optimal workflow for when investigating potential pANCA interferences.
A case of metastatic neuroendocrine disease and cholecystitis: surgical remedy and management of carcinoid crisis
Authors: Whiley Phillip J , Balasooriya Janaka , Wake Rudyard J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The report presents a case of a 70-year-old male with a known mesenteric neuroendocrine tumour and metastases to the liver diagnosed with acute cholecystitis. During surgery, the patient developed a carcinoid crisis with mixed distributive and cardiogenic shock involving systemic vasodilation and arrhythmia. During surgical procedures, carcinoid crisis can be precipitated by tumours that secrete a pathological shower of vasoactive mediators. Somatostatin analogues are utilized to control carcinoid syndrome and are routinely used peri-operatively. However, no standard infusion regimen exists. The case raises the suggestion that metastatic liver neuroendocrine disease may confound the diagnosis of cholecystitis, complicates the management of acute surgical presentations and highlights the need for agreement on octreotide therapy for surgical patients with carcinoid tumours.
The impact of coronal mass ejections and flares on the atmosphere of the hot Jupiter HD189733b
Authors: Hazra Gopal , Vidotto Aline A , Carolan Stephen , Villarreal D’Angelo Carolina , Manchester Ward 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
High-energy stellar irradiation can photoevaporate planetary atmospheres, which can be observed in spectroscopic transits of hydrogen lines. For the exoplanet HD189733b, multiple observations in the Ly α line have shown that atmospheric evaporation is variable, going from undetected to enhanced evaporation in a 1.5-yr interval. Coincidentally or not, when HD189733b was observed to be evaporating, a stellar flare had just occurred 8 h prior to the observation. This led to the question of whether this temporal variation in evaporation occurred due to the flare, an unseen associated coronal mass ejection (CME), or even the simultaneous effect of both. In this work, we investigate the impact of flares (radiation), winds, and CMEs (particles) on the atmosphere of HD189733b using three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamic simulations that self-consistently include stellar photon heating. We study four cases: first, the quiescent phase including stellar wind; secondly, a flare; thirdly, a CME; and fourthly, a flare that is followed by a CME. Compared to the quiescent case, we find that the flare alone increases the evaporation rate by only 25 per cent, while the CME leads to a factor of 4 increments. We calculate Ly α synthetic transits and find that the flare alone cannot explain the observed high blueshifted velocities seen in the Ly α. The CME, however, leads to an increase in the velocity of escaping atmospheres, enhancing the blueshifted transit depth. While the effects of CMEs show a promising potential, our models are not able to fully explain the blueshifted transit depths, indicating that they might require additional physical mechanisms.
Eclipsing white dwarf binaries in Gaia and the Zwicky Transient Facility
Authors: Keller Pascal M , Breedt Elmé , Hodgkin Simon , Belokurov Vasily , Wild James , García-Soriano Ignacio , Wise Jacob L 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Gaia provided the largest ever catalogue of white dwarf stars. We use this catalogue, along with the third public data release of the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), to identify new eclipsing white dwarf binaries. Our method exploits light-curve statistics and the box least-squares algorithm to detect periodic light-curve variability. The search revealed 18 new binaries, of which 17 are eclipsing. We use the position in the Gaia H-R diagram to classify these binaries and find that the majority of these white dwarfs have MS companions. We identify one system as a candidate eclipsing white dwarf–brown dwarf binary and a further two as extremely low-mass white dwarf binaries. We also provide identification spectroscopy for 17 of our 18 binaries. Running our search method on mock light curves with real ZTF sampling, we estimate our efficiency of detecting objects with light curves similar to the ones of the newly discovered binaries. Many more binaries are to be found in the ZTF footprint as the data releases grow, so our survey is ongoing.
LeMMINGs – IV. The X-ray properties of a statistically complete sample of the nuclei in active and inactive galaxies from the Palomar sample
Authors: Williams D R A , Pahari M , Baldi R D , McHardy I M , Mathur S , Beswick R J , Beri A , Boorman P , Aalto S , Alberdi A , Argo M K , Dullo B T , Fenech D M , Green D A , Knapen J H , Martí-Vidal I , Moldon J , Mundell C G , Muxlow T W B , Panessa F , Pérez-Torres M , Saikia P , Shankar F , Stevens I R , Uttley P 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
All 280 of the statistically complete Palomar sample of nearby (&lt;120 Mpc) galaxies δ &gt; 20° have been observed at 1.5 GHz as part of the LeMMINGs e-MERLIN legacy survey. Here, we present Chandra X-ray observations of the nuclei of 213 of these galaxies, including a statistically complete sub-set of 113 galaxies in the declination range 40° &lt;δ &lt; 65°. We observed galaxies of all optical spectral types, including ‘active’ galaxies [e.g. low-ionization nuclear emission line regions (LINERs) and Seyferts] and ‘inactive’ galaxies like ${\rm H\, \small {II}}$ galaxies and absorption line galaxies (ALG). The X-ray flux limit of our survey is 1.65 × 10−14 erg s−1 cm−2 (0.3−10 keV). We detect X-ray emission coincident within 2 arcsec of the nucleus in 150/213 galaxies, including 13/14 Seyferts, 68/77 LINERs, 13/22 ALGs and 56/100 ${\rm H\, \small {II}}$ galaxies, but cannot completely rule out contamination from non-AGN processes in sources with nuclear luminosities $\lesssim 10^{39}$ erg s−1. We construct an X-ray Luminosity function (XLF) and find that the local galaxy XLF, when including all active galactic nucleus (AGN) types, can be represented as a single power law of slope −0.54 ± 0.06. The Eddington ratio of the Seyferts is usually 2−4 decades higher than that of the LINERs, ALGs, and ${\rm H\, \small {II}}$ galaxies, which are mostly detected with Eddington ratios $\lesssim 10^{-3}$. Using [${\rm O\, \small {III}}$] line measurements and black hole masses from the literature, we show that LINERs, ${\rm H\, \small {II}}$ galaxies and ALGs follow similar correlations to low luminosities, suggesting that some ‘inactive’ galaxies may harbour AGN.
Serial tellers
Authors: Sayad Cecilia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the 1970s two alleged hauntings received wide coverage in the media. The first was in Amityville, Long Island (New York), and the second in Enfield, a London neighborhood. These cases were narrated in best-selling books, turned into horror films (and, in the case of Enfield, also a TV mini-series), and became the subject of countless documentaries trying to find the truth behind the claims made by the victims. This chapter examines the ways in which these serialized documentaries seek to either confirm or debunk the presence of the supernatural in these cases. Seeing them as an example of the non-indexical documentary, but also of horror, the chapter considers how serialization and repetition compensate for the absence of visible evidence, making these endlessly repeated stories feel at once real and artificial.
Introduction to Critical Care Psychology and Rehabilitation
Authors: Stucky Kirk J. , Jutte Jennifer E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter provides an introduction to critical care psychology and rehabilitation for professionals who are interested in, or who are already providing services in, intensive care environments. The concept of postintensive care syndrome (PICS) and postintensive care syndrome in family members (PICS-F) is introduced and foundational arguments are made to emphasize the benefits of integrating rehabilitative and psychological principles into the continuum of critical care practice for all stakeholders—patients, families, caregivers, staff, institutions, and society at large. Relevant literature is briefly summarized while referring the reader to other chapters in the book that explore specific topics in greater depth.
Getting Ready to Write
Authors: Schwartz Seth J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter covers ways in which writers can place themselves in the “mood” and “mindset” for writing. The chapter addresses the busy lives that many scholars lead and the temptation to forgo writing time in favor of meetings and other tasks. The chapter also introduces the concept of flow and the advantages of putting oneself into a mental state where thoughts can flow freely onto the screen. The concepts of building up to long writing sessions, of starting with shorter sessions, and of maintaining reasonable expectations of oneself, are also introduced. The principles introduced in this chapter may help authors to maximize their writing potential.
Publishing Non-Empirical Papers
Authors: Schwartz Seth J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter provides guidance on publishing theoretical, literature review, and policy papers. A primary theme of the chapter is that these papers are more difficult to publish than empirical papers because they have is no set structure, and because non-empirical papers do not rely directly on empirical data. Authors are advised to stay extremely close to existing empirical work when proposing a new theory or when reviewing literature. Differences between scoping and integrative reviews, and between theoretical and policy papers, are also outlined. The chapter suggests that authors provide clear justification for why their theory, review, or position is needed and for how it advances the literature. Common reviewer criticisms of non-empirical papers are also provided.
Introduction
Authors: Apolloni Alexandra M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Introduction positions the history of girl and young woman singers in the 1960s in the context of broader histories of vocal training; ideas about voice, respectability, and expressivity; and the models of youthful femininity that were emergent in 1960s Britain. It opens with discussion of vocal discipline in magazines and books produced for young women. This is followed by reflections on the concept of voice as sound and voice as expression, how ideas about the use of voice are tied to gender, and how they have been used by feminist thinkers and scholars in the field of Voice Studies. Then, the introduction provides historical background on vocal pedagogy and histories of accent and vocal discipline in the UK, tying this history to the 1960s and notions of modernity that emerged at the time. It reflects on what voice and freedom of expression signified during the youth and musical movements of the “Swinging Sixties,” and, in particular, on how ideas about voice affected girls and young women in this period. Finally, it provides an overview of the book’s chapters provides an overview of the book’s chapters.
The Last Remaining Virgin in London
Authors: Apolloni Alexandra M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Lulu was fourteen when she released her first single, a virtuosic cover of the gospel-inspired “Shout.” This chapter connects Lulu’s use of vocal techniques with Black American origins to public perceptions of her youthfulness and to conversations about her sexuality. Lulu was barely out of childhood when she began her career and her youthful performances of respectability responded to racial anxiety. First, the chapter discusses Lulu’s rise in the Glasgow music scene; then, it examines media representation of Lulu’s virginal persona. This is followed by discussion of her voice in the context of anxiety over race, drawing examples from her performances in the films Gonks Go Beat and To Sir with Love. The chapter then explores Lulu’s efforts to reinvent herself in the late 1960s and closes with a postscript on Lulu’s recent concert performances.
White Men's Law
Authors: Irons Peter 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
White Men’s Law recounts and explores the legal and extralegal means by which systemic White racism has kept Black Americans “in their place” from slavery to police and vigilante killings of Black men and women, from 1619 to the present. The book argues that African Americans have always been held back by systemic racism in all major institutions—especially the legal and educational systems—that hold power over them. Based on a wide range of sources, from the painful words of former slaves to Supreme Court decisions and test scores that reveal how our education system has failed Black children, the book examines the various ways White racists justify and perpetuate their superior position in American society. The book is framed around the lynching of Rubin Stacy in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, in 1935. An illiterate Black farmhand, Stacy was accused of assaulting a White woman and was lynched by a deputy sheriff and a mob that fired seventeen bullets into his lifeless body. White Men’s Law poses a critical question: What historical forces preceded and followed this and thousands more lynchings that show the damaging—and often deadly—impact of systemic racism on Black Americans? After recounting struggles over racism from the first shipment of slaves to colonial Virginia until the present, it concludes with a look at efforts by President Joe Biden to “root out systemic racism” in both public and private institutions and the barriers those efforts face from entrenched racism in those institutions.
“Intimate Social Contact with Negro Men”
Authors: Irons Peter 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter covers the New Deal decade of the 1930s and the Greatest War decade of the 1940s. After the stock market crash in October 1929, the mounting toll of unemployment, industrial near-collapse, and crop failures overwhelmed the feeble recovery efforts of President Herbert Hoover’s administration and brought Franklin D. Roosevelt to the White House with ambitious plans for a New Deal. Black leaders were both hopeful and cautious about the impact of recovery programs. Under the leadership of Mary McCloud Bethune, a noted Black educator and friend of Eleanor Roosevelt, a “Black Cabinet” succeeded in obtaining a fair share of jobs and relief for poor Blacks, but at the price of segregation in Jim Crow states. The chapter also recounts the beginnings of the legal campaign against school segregation, led by Thurgood Marshall, legal director of the NAACP. His first court victories, in Maryland and Missouri, were interrupted by World War II, during which labor leader A. Philip Randolph won protection for Blacks in war industries. But the war’s end unleashed a new wave of attacks on Blacks; the blinding of a Black veteran in uniform, Isaac Woodard, by a White South Carolina sheriff so upset President Harry Truman that he ordered integration of the armed forces. Meanwhile, Marshall won three more graduate and law school cases in Oklahoma and Texas, further undermining the “separate but equal” doctrine of the Plessy case.
“War against the Constitution”
Authors: Irons Peter 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This chapter recounts the battles outside and within the Supreme Court over the five cases, first argued in 1952, argued again the following year, and decided in May 1954 under the caption Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. The chapter draws on transcripts of the lawyers’ oral arguments, notes of justices from the Court’s closed-door conferences to debate and decide cases, and the Court’s unanimous opinion striking down public school segregation. Among the dozen-plus lawyers who argued the five cases, Thurgood Marshall as NAACP general counsel and John W. Davis, former Democratic presidential candidate and U.S. solicitor general, who both argued in the South Carolina case, presented a sharp contrast over the rights of states to impose segregation in public schools. The Court’s closed-door conference after these arguments exposed a rift, with at least one and possibly four justices unwilling to jettison the Plessy “separate but equal” doctrine. Concerned that a split decision would inflame the heated national debate, Justice Felix Frankfurter proposed a second round of arguments a year later; the sudden death in September 1953 of Chief Justice Fred Vinson led President Dwight Eisenhower to name California governor Earl Warren to replace him. Warren used his personal charm and political skills to cajole the Court’s holdouts to join a unanimous decision. However, a third round of arguments on “implementation” of integration allowed Jim Crow schools to proceed with “all deliberate speed” in complying with the Court’s decree, which led to decade-long foot-dragging by southern officials. The chapter concludes with an account of the Little Rock, Arkansas, integration case, Cooper v. Aaron, holding that state officials could not wage “war against the Constitution” by resisting the Court’s orders.