bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonresident Fathers' and Grandparents' Early Years Support and Middle Childhood Socio‐Emotional Adjustment
Authors: Parkes Alison , Chambers Stephanie , Buston Katie 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigates how different patterns of nonresident father support for children and mothers in the early years predict middle childhood adjustment, and whether grandparent support has compensating effects.BackgroundNonresident fathers' involvement in children's lives benefits socio‐emotional adjustment, but it is unclear whether support directed at children is compromised by interparental tensions, or whether other factors may compensate for weaker patterns of father support.MethodLatent class analyses identified patterns of nonresident father support for single mothers and their 34‐month‐old child (None 35%, Low 16%, Moderate 21%, High 28%) and grandparent support (Low 15%, Moderate Maternal 33%, High Maternal 43%, High Maternal and Paternal 9%), using a sample of 648 families from the Growing Up in Scotland cohort. Effects of father support on children's internalizing and externalizing problems from age 46 to 122 months were explored (n = 352), together with moderating effects of grandparent support.ResultsLow, Moderate and No father support had similar estimated effects on higher externalizing and internalizing problem levels, and steeper increases in internalizing problems. Compared to Low grandparent support, High Maternal and Paternal grandparent support reduced effects of weaker father support on both types of problem; and was more protective than High Maternal grandparent support against internalizing problems.ConclusionWeaker patterns of nonresident father support in early childhood, characterized by low involvement and interparental tensions or by no contact, were associated with poorer middle childhood adjustment. Support from both sets of grandparents offered children most protection against the effects of weaker father support.
Self‐construal priming modulates the influence of receptacles on food perception
Authors: Huang Jianping , Wang Chujun , Wan Xiaoang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe conducted a study to investigate how self‐construal priming can modulate the influence of receptacles on people's food perception. Self‐construal refers to how an individual views the self, with interdependent or independent self‐construal describing the self as a context‐embedded or context‐independent entity, respectively. After reading an essay containing either interdependent or independent pronouns, each of 112 Chinese participants viewed photos of Asian noodles served on plates of different sizes and colors and rated their feelings about and willingness to pay for these foods. Compared to independent self‐construal priming, priming with the interdependent self‐construal elicited a greater influence of plate size on the participants' willingness to pay for the noodles as well as the pleasantness ratings of the noodles served on red plates. Collectively, these findings suggest that the consumers' processing of and sensitivity to contextual information can be modulated by self‐construal priming when they are evaluating food products.Practical applicationsPrevious research demonstrated that people from varied cultural backgrounds are differently susceptible to the influence of contextual cues, such as the receptacles in which foods or drinks are served. The results of this study suggested that priming with the interdependent self‐construal could strengthen the influence of plate size on the participants' judgments and decisions about foods. These findings provide insights into how the nudging effects of contextual cues may vary as a function of the consumers' self‐construal. Moreover, the findings of this study suggest that consumers' susceptibility to immediate contextual cues may be temporarily modulated via presenting verbal materials, which has direct implications in the practice of sensory nudging in the process of selling or serving foods. For example, advertisements or menus may be skillfully designed to contain cues that can prime self‐construal in customers to subtly modulate the influence of contextual cues on their judgment and decisions about foods.
Prevalence of mineralisation of the tendon of the supraspinatus muscle in non‐lame dogs
Authors: Abbey R. , Pettitt R. 
Published: January 2021

ObjectivesMineralisation of the tendon of the supraspinatus muscle has been reported as a common finding in dogs with thoracic limb lameness. It is not clear if the mineralisation is a clinically significant cause, or a secondary effect, of lameness. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence of mineralisation of the tendon of the supraspinatus muscle in dogs presented to the clinic for reasons other than lameness and where lameness was not evident at the time of presentation.Materials and MethodsDogs undergoing CT of the thorax were identified from the clinical records. The dogs selected were those presented for clinical issues other than lameness and with no history of lameness. The CT scans were screened to identify the presence or otherwise of supraspinatus mineralisation. Signalment was recorded on all the cases.ResultsSupraspinatus mineralisation was detected in four out of 99 dogs (4%) with all four cases found in male dogs. Medium to large breed dogs were most frequently affected, with a mean age of 9 years. Unilateral mineralisation of the left thoracic limb only was identified.Clinical SignificanceThe prevalence of supraspinatus mineralisation was low in this population of non‐lame dogs. This low level when compared to the higher prevalence level found in lame dogs, suggests that supraspinatus mineralisation could be associated with lameness in dogs either as an indirect result of lameness or as a primary cause.
Flexibility in thermal physiology and behaviour allows body mass maintenance in hibernating hazel dormice
Authors: Pretzlaff I. , Radchuk V. , Turner J. M. , Dausmann K. H. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractStudying animals under natural or semi‐natural conditions is essential to better understand the implications of a warming climate on species survival. Here, we provide evidence of the effects of increasing winter ambient temperature (Ta) on the thermal physiology, feeding behaviour and body mass (BM) of a small mammalian hibernator, the hazel dormouse Muscardinus avellanarius. We collected skin temperature, metabolic rate (MR) and BM data from captive, hibernating dormice exposed to two winters of differing intensity in outdoor aviaries. Additionally, we obtained skin temperature data from one free‐ranging individual during the hibernation period. Statistical modelling showed that Ta and time since the start of hibernation both had significant non‐linear effects on the probability of arousal from torpor. During the warmer winter (Ta<0°C on 26 days), foraging resulted in higher BMs for some individuals, despite more frequent arousals, than during the colder winter (Ta<0°C on 86 days). As expected, Ta had a non‐linear effect on MR during torpor, with the lowest energy expenditure at intermediate Ta, and normothermic MR was minimal when Ta was warmer. The negative effect of increased arousal frequency on BM was counteracted by the positive effect of foraging on BM. Conforming with the accumulating body of evidence on high flexibility in physiological responses in many small mammals, we found that the thermoregulatory and behavioural responses of dormice during hibernation were more flexible than previously observed for this temperate, fat‐storing species. The ability to respond to prevailing environmental conditions might help M. avellanarius cope with increasing winter Ta predicted for ongoing global warming.
A review of the breeding biology of Chiroptera
Authors: Ocampo‐González Paola , López‐Wilchis Ricardo , Espinoza‐Medinilla Eduardo E. , Rioja‐Paradela Tamara M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSince 2000, no reviews or analyses have been carried out on scientific studies regarding bat reproductive biology. Such reviews might contribute towards identifying information gaps and global research focus and trends.The objective of this work was to review and analyse scientific studies on different aspects of bat reproduction published in the last two decades (2000–2019), in order to provide perspective for future research.Using 19 key words, we searched for literature on the reproduction of bats published as book chapters and articles in scientific research journals globally. We analysed 36 chapters in 14 books and 276 scientific articles, from 41 countries, identifying publishing trends throughout the years, preferred journals, countries in which studies have been carried out, and most‐studied species and topics.The number of studies increased over the last decade, resulting from the consolidation of research lines in countries such as Brazil, India, Mexico, and USA. The studies covered 125 species, of whichScotophilus heathiandCynopterus sphinxwere the most recurrent, each appearing in 23 studies (7.4%,n = 312). The most common subject was anatomy (61 studies, 20%,n = 312), and the rarest was assisted reproduction techniques (11 studies, 3.5%,n = 312).In the last decade, there has been a trend to increase the study of male anatomy. The application of new techniques for the study of reproduction contributed to more complex studies that favour the understanding of the reproductive process. There is an evident lack of reproductive studies for most species, and there is an information gap regarding research in prenatal development and assisted reproduction techniques. These two topics are greatly significant for future research, because of their direct usefulness for species conservation.
Oscillatory connectivity as a mechanism of auditory sensory gating and its disruption in schizophrenia
Authors: Popov Tzvetan , Rockstroh Brigitte , Miller Gregory A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAlthough innumerable studies using an auditory sensory gating paradigm have confirmed that individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) show less reduction in brain response to the second in a pair of clicks, this large literature has not yielded consensus on the circuit(s) responsible for gating nor for the gating difference in SZ. Clinically stable adult inpatients (N = 157) and matched community participants (N = 90) participated in a standard auditory sensory gating protocol. Responses to paired clicks were quantified as peak‐to‐peak amplitude from a response at approximately 50 ms to a response at approximately 100 ms in MEG‐derived source waveforms. For bilateral sources in each of four regions near Heschl's gyrus, the gating ratio was computed as the response to the second stimulus divided by the response to the first stimulus. Spectrally resolved Granger causality quantified effective connectivity among regions manifested in alpha‐band oscillatory coupling before and during stimulation. Poorer sensory gating localized to A1 in SZ than in controls confirmed previous results, here found in adjacent brain regions as well. Spontaneous, stimulus‐independent effective connectivity within the hemisphere from angular gyrus to portions of the superior temporal gyrus was lower in SZ and correlated with gating ratio. Significant involvement of frontal and subcortical brain regions previously proposed as contributing to the auditory gating abnormality was not found. Findings point to endogenous connectivity evident in a sequence of activity from angular gyrus to portions of superior temporal gyrus as a mechanism contributing to normal and abnormal gating in SZ and potentially to sensory and cognitive symptoms.
Teaching health care innovation to medical students
Authors: Chen Petty Pin Yu , Chou Andrew Chia Chen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo identify the efficacy of a design thinking and health care innovation course in improving medical students’ self‐awareness regarding design thinking metrics.MethodsThe assessment of the design thinking mindset was measured pre‐ and post‐course. The target population included medical students at our institution participating in the Innovation & Design Thinking (IDT) course. A paired t‐test was used to compare scores from before and after taking the course with p‐value set at <0.05.ResultsStudents reported significantly improvements in the domains of tolerance for uncertainty, embracing risk, human‐centeredness, mindfulness and awareness of process, team knowledge, experimentation, transforming in something tangible, abductive thinking, envisioning new things, and creative confidence (p < 0.05). The greatest improvements were in tolerance for uncertainty (0.48), mindfulness and awareness of process (0.47), and creative confidence (0.40). No significant change was observed in constructs such as empathy, problem reframing, team member's interaction, multidisciplinary collaborative teams, openness to diversity, being learning oriented, learning from mistakes, bias for action, critical thinking, desire to make a difference, and optimism to have an impact.DiscussionInstructing medical students on the principles of design thinking and their applications in health care improves their self‐awareness regarding the design thinking mindset.
Is there an optimal trade‐off between anaemia and red blood cell transfusion in surgical critically ill patients after oncologic surgery?
Authors: Chapalain Xavier , Ozier Yves , Le Niger Catherine , McQuilten Zoe , Huet Olivier , Aubron Cécile 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground and objectivesEquipoise remains on the optimal transfusion strategy in surgical oncologic patients. The primary objective of our study was to determine the impact of anaemia and red blood cells (RBCs) transfusion on severe postoperative complications in surgical oncologic critically ill patients.Materials and methodsRetrospective single‐centre study. Adults admitted to intensive care unit after major oncologic surgery were eligible. Analyses to determine the independent risk factors, including anaemia or RBC transfusion, for postoperative complications and/or hospital mortality were performed.ResultsOf the 283 patients included, 246 patients (86.9%) had anaemia. Fifty‐five patients (19·4%) were transfused. Patients exposed to moderate‐to‐severe anaemia or RBC transfusion had more often severe complications, especially acute kidney injury and infectious complications. Multivariate analysis found an independent association between moderate and severe anaemia and severe postoperative complications (moderate anaemia: OR 14·02 [2·52–264]; severe anaemia: OR 16·25 [2·62–318·5]; P < 0·05). Elderly, obese patients and patients operated from abdominal surgery appeared to be more vulnerable to anaemia than other patients. Transfusion was also an independent risk factor for postoperative complications (OR 4·19 [2·12–8·39]; P < 0·001). When considering moderate‐to‐severe anaemic patients, RBC transfusion was no longer associated with postoperative complications.ConclusionsAnaemia was associated with severe postoperative complications, and this association was stronger in elderly, obese patients and after abdominal surgery. RBC transfusion also negatively impacts on patients’ prognosis. However, this association was not found in case of moderate‐to‐severe anaemia exposure (haemoglobin < 10 g/dl).
Influence of bias correction of meteorological and streamflow forecast on hydrological prediction in India
Authors: Tiwari Amar Deep , Mukhopadhyay Parthasarathi , Mishra Vimal 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe efforts to develop a hydrologic model-based operational streamflow forecast in India are limited. We evaluate the role of bias correction of meteorological forecast and streamflow post-processing on hydrological prediction skill in India. We use the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model to simulate runoff and root zone soil moisture in the Narmada basin (drainage area: 97,410 km2), which was used as a testbed to examine the forecast skill along with the observed streamflow. We evaluated meteorological and hydrological forecasts during the monsoon (June-September) season for 2000-2018 period. The raw meteorological forecast displayed relatively low skill against the observed precipitation at 1-3 day lead time during the monsoon season. Similarly, the forecast skill was low with mean normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE) more than 0.9 and mean absolute bias larger than 60% for extreme precipitation at the 1-3-day lead time. We used Empirical Quantile Mapping (EQM) to bias correct precipitation forecast. The bias correction of precipitation forecast resulted in significant improvement in the precipitation forecast skill. Runoff and root zone soil moisture forecast was also significantly improved due to bias correction of precipitation forecast where the forecast evaluation is performed against the reference model run. However, bias correction of precipitation forecast did not cause considerable improvement in the streamflow prediction. Bias correction of streamflow forecast performs better than the streamflow forecast simulated using the bias-corrected meteorological forecast. The combination of the bias correction of precipitation forecast and post-processing of streamflow resulted in a significant improvement in the streamflow prediction (reduction in bias from 40% to 5%).
Compact Polarimetry Synthetic Aperture Radar Ocean Wind Retrieval: Model Development and Validation
Authors: Zhang Biao , Lu Yiru , Perrie William , Zhang Guosheng , Mouche Alexis 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe have developed C-band compact polarimetry geophysical model functions for RADARSAT Constellation Mission ocean surface wind speed retrieval. A total of 1594 RADARSAT-2 images acquired in quad-polarization SAR imaging mode were collocated with in situ buoy observations. This dataset is first used to simulate compact polarimetric data and to examine their dependencies on radar incidence angle and wind vectors. We find that right circular transmit, right circular receive (RR-pol) radar backscatters are less sensitive to incidence angles and wind directions but are more dependent on wind speeds, compared to right circular transmit, horizontal receive (RH-pol), right circular transmit, vertical receive (RV-pol), and right circular transmit, left circular receive (RL-pol). Subsequently, the matchup data pairs are used to derive the coefficients of the transfer functions for the proposed compact polarimetric geophysical model (CMOD) functions, and to validate the associated wind speed retrieval accuracy. Statistical comparisons show that the retrieved wind speeds from CMODRH, CMODRV, CMODRL, and CMODRR are in good agreement with buoy measurements, with root-mean-square errors of 1.38, 1.51, 1.47, and 1.25 m s−1, respectively. The results suggest that compact polarimetry is a good alternative to linear polarization for wind speed retrieval. CMODRR is more appropriate to retrieve high wind speeds than CMODRH, CMODRV or CMODRL.
DeepDist: real-value inter-residue distance prediction with deep residual convolutional network
Authors: Wu Tianqi , Guo Zhiye , Hou Jie , Cheng Jianlin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Driven by deep learning, inter-residue contact/distance prediction has been significantly improved and substantially enhanced ab initio protein structure prediction. Currently, most of the distance prediction methods classify inter-residue distances into multiple distance intervals instead of directly predicting real-value distances. The output of the former has to be converted into real-value distances to be used in tertiary structure prediction.

Results
To explore the potentials of predicting real-value inter-residue distances, we develop a multi-task deep learning distance predictor (DeepDist) based on new residual convolutional network architectures to simultaneously predict real-value inter-residue distances and classify them into multiple distance intervals. Tested on 43 CASP13 hard domains, DeepDist achieves comparable performance in real-value distance prediction and multi-class distance prediction. The average mean square error (MSE) of DeepDist’s real-value distance prediction is 0.896 Å2 when filtering out the predicted distance ≥ 16 Å, which is lower than 1.003 Å2 of DeepDist’s multi-class distance prediction. When distance predictions are converted into contact predictions at 8 Å threshold (the standard threshold in the field), the precision of top L/5 and L/2 contact predictions of DeepDist’s multi-class distance prediction is 79.3% and 66.1%, respectively, higher than 78.6% and 64.5% of its real-value distance prediction and the best results in the CASP13 experiment.

Conclusions
DeepDist can predict inter-residue distances well and improve binary contact prediction over the existing state-of-the-art methods. Moreover, the predicted real-value distances can be directly used to reconstruct protein tertiary structures better than multi-class distance predictions due to the lower MSE. Finally, we demonstrate that predicting the real-value distance map and multi-class distance map at the same time performs better than predicting real-value distances alone.
Impact of hospital volume on clinical outcomes of hospitalized heart failure patients: analysis of a nationwide database including 447,818 patients with heart failure
Authors: Kaneko Hidehiro , Itoh Hidetaka , Yotsumoto Haruki , Kiriyama Hiroyuki , Kamon Tatsuya , Fujiu Katsuhito , Morita Kojiro , Michihata Nobuaki , Jo Taisuke , Takeda Norifumi , Morita Hiroyuki , Yasunaga Hideo , Komuro Issei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Hospital volume is known to be associated with outcomes of patients requiring complicated medical care. However, the relationship between hospital volume and prognosis of hospitalized patients with heart failure (HF) remains not fully understood. We aimed to clarify the impact of hospital volume on clinical outcomes of hospitalized HF patients using a nationwide inpatient database.

Methods and results
We studied 447,818 hospitalized HF patients who were admitted from January 2010 and discharged until March 2018 included in the Japanese Diagnosis Procedure Combination database. According to the number of patients, patients were categorized into three groups; those treated in low-, medium-, and high-volume centers. The median age was 81 years and 238,192 patients (53%) were men. Patients who had New York Heart Association class IV symptom and requiring inotropic agent within two days were more common in high volume centers than in low volume centers. Respiratory support, hemodialysis, and intra-aortic balloon pumping were more frequently performed in high volume centers. As a result, length of hospital stay was shorter, and in-hospital mortality was lower in high volume centers. Lower in-hospital mortality was associated with higher hospital volume. Multivariable logistic regression analysis fitted with generalized estimating equation indicated that medium-volume group (Odds ratio 0.91, p = 0.035) and high-volume group (Odds ratio 0.86, p = 0.004) had lower in-hospital mortality compared to the low-volume group. Subgroup analysis showed that this association between hospital volume and in-hospital mortality among overall population was seen in all subgroups according to age, presence of chronic renal failure, and New York Heart Association class.

Conclusion
Hospital volume was independently associated with ameliorated clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients with HF.