bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxiety and depression in post-Menopausal women: A short review
Authors: Acharya Neema , Madaan Sparsh , Jaiswal Arpita , Dewani Deepika , Kotdawala Kanan 
Published: December 2021

Anxiety, Depression and stress are one of the most prevalent psychological problems witnessed in post-menopausal women. These complaints are mostly neglected by the females and ignored due to social stigmas and lack of awareness amongst the elderly population regarding the same. It often affects the quality of life and is thus essential to diagnose and treat on time. Reduced Vitamin D and estrogen levels are one of the proposed culprits behind these psychological disorders in post-menopausal women which will be discussed in this review.Systematic literature review was done with the help of data search domains such as Pubmed, Scopus, Web of science and google scholar. Case reports, observational studies and cross-sectional studies were included in this review.Depression and anxiety are common problems for the post-menopausal women. Various factors such as reduced Vitamin D levels and Estrogen levels as well as increased stress can contribute to development of these psychological complaints. Though these problems might look benign to the patients, they can severely impact the mental health and require more awareness amongst the patients to improve the mental as well as physical health in post-menopausal women.Women in the post-menopausal stage have increased predisposition towards developing psychological disorders and hence the assessment of mental health is essential in these females which should be a vital part of the evaluation done of these females.
Ways to improve the enforcement of penalties and recurrence of criminal offenses
Authors: Telefanko B. 
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the criminal law problems of execution of punishment in the form of apenalty, the reasons for evasion of convicts from paying a penalty, the role of the authorized body of the probation service. The author considers the relationship between non-payment of penalties and recidivism of criminal offenses, as well as proposes changes and additions to criminal and criminal-executive legislation. One of the features of punishment in the form of a penalty in comparison with some other types of punishment is that it can act as a punishment that can be replaced by another, and as a punishment that can be replaced by another punishment. Apenaltyis a very effective means of influencing those who have committed certain criminal offenses, primarily corruption and against property. The penalty is also one of the mildest types of punishment in relation to other types in the punishment system. In foreign countries, the fine is one of the most common types of punishment. The prevalence of fines in law and jurisprudence, methods of calculation, size, grounds and conditions of application were not unchanged and were ultimately determined by socio-economic, political, criminological and legal factors of specific historical periods. For Ukraine, this is especially important as a direction of state criminal policy.
Due to non-payment of fines by convicts and replacement of fines by courts with other punishments, as provided by the Criminal Code of Ukraine, despite the declared goal of humanization of punishments, the number of recidivists will increase and this may provoke an increase in convicts. In order to apply only voluntary payment of a fine, as provided by the legislation of Ukraine, the state and society must have a high level of trust in laws and public authorities and confidence that no illegal act will go unpunished. Therefore in the article changes are offered to the current legislation on implementation of punishment in the type of fine. But a fine cannot be seen as a means of redemption from punishment or a means of ruining the guilty. As political direction of our state is directed sdws eurointegration, accordingly under it our legislation must be tuned. Now the tendency of more humane relation goes to all spheres of activity, in particular and implementation of criminal punishments.
The functions and positions of political parties in consociational democracies: theoretical and empirical contexts
Authors: Morhuniuk O. 
Published: December 2021

An article is devoted to the analysis of the functions and formats of political parties in consociational democracies. In particular, it is defined that parties that represent the interests of certain subcultures in society and that reach a consensus among themselves at the level of political agreements are called segmental. At the same time, parties that encapsulate different subgroups of the society that cooperate inside the party within main features of the consociational theory (grand coalition, mutual veto, proportionality in representations, and independence of segments or society subcultures) are called consociational.
The theory of consociationalism has received a wide range of theoretical additions and criticism from political scientists over the past fifty years. And while political parties should have been, by definition, one of the key aspects of research within such democratic regimes (parties are part of large coalitions and agents of representation of certain subcultures), there is very scarce number of literature that focuses on this aspect. Therefore, the presented article provides a description of the functions of political parties that could be observed as inside their subcultures as well as in interaction with other segmental parties.
Based on the experience of two European countries in the period of “classical” consociationalism (Belgium and the Netherlands), we explain the functions of the parties we have defined in such societies with examples of relevant consociational practices in them. Simultaneously with the analysis of segmental parties, the article also offers the characteristics of consociational parties. The emergence of such parties has its own institutional and historical features. The way of further development of the party system and the level of preservation of consociational practices makes it possible to understand the nature of changes in the societies. Similarly, the analysis of the forms of party competition and interaction between segmental parties makes it possible to outline the forms of those consociational changes that are taking place in the research countries.
Problematic aspects of the application of the right of regression in indemnification by the employer to their employee
Authors: Vasylenko L. , Khomenko S. 
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the research in the article is to consider the theoretical problems of legal regulation of property liability of the employer. This work is devoted to investigation of the indemnification peculiarities by a legal or natural person caused by their employee or another person in accordance with Art. 1172 of the Civil code of Ukraine that will allow to establish cases of its use, in combination with other norms of the legislation, in particular labour. The conditions and reasons for the occurrence of the mentioned non-contractual obligations, peculiarities and problems of application of the right of regression to the persons who caused the damage will be revealed. Nowadays, unfortunately, the concept of «regressive obligations» has not been investigated enough, the legislation does not contain a specific definition of the term, there are no reasons and conditions for their occurrence and application, the legal provisions of the participants of these obligations have not been interpreted, which complicates the application of regression in practice.
The issue of indemnification caused by an employee in the performance of his duties is closely intertwined with two related branches of civil and labour law. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze some elements of each type of responsibility to determine their independence and separation.
To achieve this goal, the authors set the following tasks: to identify the causes of this discussion; to analyze the scientific positions by various scientists, about the civil nature of the relationship of indemnification by the employee to third party; to carry out the comparative analysis of legal regulation of the given relations by norms of the labour law and regulation of relations on indemnification caused by the employer, by its employee, by the civil legislation; determine the peculiarities of the relationship of liability of the employer for damage caused by the employee; summarise the legal nature of the relationship to compensate for damage caused by the employee.
This will help to identify recommendations for action in the event of similar commitments in life. For this purpose, in this research the national legislation is analyzed from both a theoretical and practical point of view.
Legal regulation of Port State Control
Authors: Kostyria O. 
Published: December 2021

This article deals with the requirements of the International Maritime Organization for the legal regulation of Port State Control, which is an effective mechanism for ensuring the safety of navigation and protecting the environment from marine pollution from vessels.
The need to strengthen control over ships by the port state is determined by the following circumstances – the aging of the world fleet, reduction of ship crews, complication of technical equipment and transportation technology.
A necessary condition for the safety of navigation should be sufficiently complete and strict control in ports over the application of the provisions of international conventions on ships. The purpose of such control is to identify vessels that do not comply with current international standards and take the necessary measures (detention of a vessel in the port, termination of cargo operations, delay in departure) to correct the deficiencies.
The legal basis for such control is the international conventions of the International Maritime Organization and the International Labor Organization. Regional Organization of Port State Control – Paris Memorandum on Port State Control of Ships, was established in 1982 by 14 European countries to coordinate efforts to inspect foreign ships in European ports.
The Paris Memorandum of Understanding Committee on Port State Control on 17 May 2010 at its 43rd session in Dublin, Ireland, finally approved the new inspection regime. A feature of the new inspection regime is the division of ships into three levels of risk: low, medium and high.
The Black Sea Memorandum of Understanding (BS MOU) was established in April 2000. The member countries are Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russian Federation, Turkey and Ukraine. The scope of BS MOU is the geographical coverage of ports located on the Black Sea coast. Currently, the Port State Control procedure is carried out based on the requirements of IMO resolution A.1119 (30).
As the experience of states that have acceded to the International Maritime Organization (IMO) conventions on the safety of navigation shows, flag states did not fully exercise control over compliance with and implementation of the convention requirements. As a result, there has been a significant increase in ship accidents, so further expansion and strengthening of control over ships by the port State of visit becomes an important task for IMO at present.
Some issues of legal support leasing of air transport
Authors: Radchuk O. 
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the legal support of air transport leasing as a kind of economic modernization of production assets when the property is transferred under certain conditions for a certain period.
Analyzing the provisions of the air transport lease agreement, it was concluded that the lease agreement is different from the lease agreement. The characteristics of the contract as a consensual and paid contract are given. The subjective composition of this type of contract is determined, the basic rights and obligations of the parties to the contract are named.
It is indicated how the transfer of the leased aircraft is carried out, especially if the transfer is burdened by the change of jurisdiction of one state in relation to the subject of leasing, the order of registration of such aircraft, and government agencies in charge of these issues.
The main provisions of the legislation on leasing of Ukraine are analyzed: the Civil Code of Ukraine and the Law of Ukraine “On Financial Leasing”; and the provisions of international legal acts: the UNIDROIT Convention on International Financial Leasing, the Convention on International Guarantees for Movable Equipment and its Protocol, Amendment 83 bis entitled “Transfer of regulatory oversight functions and duties” to the 1944 Chicago Convention.The main types of aircraft leasing are considered, which are derived from two main ones: financial leasing and operating leasing. Their features are indicated in terms of the term of such agreements, the number of parties, the role of participants in such agreements, options for payment, and use of lease payments, and more
It is concluded that the development of aviation leasing in Ukraine needs to be stimulated by government agencies by providing benefits to companies involved in such activities, it is necessary to create an appropriate legal framework in Ukraine for concluding and implementing such agreements, and train the necessary staff in this field. Problems of leasing relations require further research by lawyers and economists.
Counterclaim in public legal disputes
Authors: Sherstiuk H. 
Published: December 2021

The article examines the institution of a counterclaim in administrative proceedings, which is a long-awaited change for the effective consideration of cases in the administrative process and for the implementation of effective protection of the rights of individuals and legal entities in administrative proceedings. Emphasis is placed on the peculiarities of drafting, filing and consideration of a counterclaim, which is the key to successful protection and restoration of violated rights and interests of the defendant in public law disputes.
Also, an analysis of the feasibility of filing a counterclaim in the administrative process, taking into account the specifics of the parties and the legal relationship. This attitude of lawyers to the institution of a counterclaim in administrative proceedings is caused by the specificity of the administrative procedural law itself, the distinguishing feature of which is the presumption of guilt of the subject of power. It is based on the observance of this principle that the main features of a counterclaim in public law disputes are formed, starting from the authority of subjects to file such claims in open court proceedings and ending with the issuance and execution of a court decision based on such a claim.
Thus, during the research in the process of writing this article, the author elaborated not only the works of famous lawyers, but also court decisions confirming the active use of the latest institute of counterclaim in public law disputes, as well as his own experience in drafting, filing and direct participation. in administrative cases, which combine the main and counterclaims. The peculiarities of realization of the rights of individuals and legal entities to file and consider a counterclaim in public law disputes, which are numerous in comparison with other categories of disputes, commercial, civil, etc., are revealed.
The Governance of Global Labor Migration: Literature Review
Authors: Zasoba Ie. , Khomiak Andrii , Panchenko Liubov , Korzhov H. 
Published: December 2021

This paper focuses on the past 10 years of major scholarship on the governance of external labor migration. It also centers on migration that is voluntary and regular, recognizing that rules governing lowskilled migration are often formed to control irregular migration [5]. Scholars of migrant labor identify four major categories: low-skilled temporary (e. g. seasonal workers, service workers), low-skilled permanent (e. g. industrial workers), high-skilled temporary (e. g. student workers, corporate assignees, “expats”), and high-skilled permanent (e. g. medical personnel, technology specialists).
Discussion on the layers of labor migration governance may give the impression that all initiatives are government-based. However, as some authors mention [12; 30; 17], non-state entities play key governance roles. Multinational corporations (MNCs) are the most influential non-state actors.
In light of the incoherence of governance in the area of regular labor migration, there is no shortage of knowledge gaps. A preliminary review of contemporary scholarly literature, suggests that case studies to identify best practices in multilateral schemes and public-private partnerships within the regional “layer” of governance, may be a particularly fruitful focus for scholarly research. This conclusion is based on sources that describe immigration politics and policy at the national level as inherently unstable and less likely to yield insights into balancing short vs. long-term economic interests or into the protection of migrant’s rights [24; 29]. The slow pace and relative ineffectiveness of efforts at the global level suggests that scholars may find targeting this “layer” of limited value, particularly if they wish to form actionable, forward-looking policy recommendations.
Some reflections on improving the provisions of the code of Ukraine on administrative offenses in terms of increasing liability for violation of legislation in the field of protecting natural ecosystems from fires
Authors: Kazanchuk I. 
Published: December 2021

The article presents an analysis of the current state of the current administrative legislation of Ukraine, which regulates relations in the field of environmental protection and rational nature management in the state. The author has analyzed the provisions of the draft Law of Ukraine “On Amendments to the Code of Ukraine on Administrative Offenses in relation to increasing liability for violation of legislation in the field of protecting natural ecosystems from fires” and a number of other bills. Their development and adoption is an important step towards bringing the current national legislation in line with European standards and norms, as well as further development of social and economic transformations in Ukraine in the environmental sphere.
Also in this article the author indicates the feasibility of amending the Code of Administrative Offenses of Ukraine and other legislative acts in terms of strengthening administrative responsibility for violating fire safety rules, protecting the environment, preventing fires in natural ecosystems in the country. With regard to improving the efficiency of management of the sphere of protecting natural ecosystems from fires, the author points out the need to provide additional powers to the bodies of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine for the implementation of state control and supervision over the state of fire safety at forestry facilities. In this aspect, it is timely to develop and adopt a separate legislative act to secure the rights and obligations of the relevant officials to exercise such state control and determine the procedure for its organization. In addressing the issue of protecting natural ecosystems from fires, it is proposed to pay attention to the need to ensure strict adherence to the principle of inevitability of administrative responsibility for violation of legislation on environmental protection, eliminating the imbalance between the actual amount of damage caused to the environment and the amount of sanctions; an increase in the size of fines for setting fires in natural ecosystems, including for unauthorized burning of stubble on agricultural land (fields) by their owners.
Cavitation treatment of water-fuel mixture for internal combustion engines
Authors: Aftanaziv Ivan , Shevchuk Lily , Strogan Orissa , Strutynska Lesia 
Published: December 2021

The efficiency of cavitation treatment of water-gasoline fuel mixture for power supply of automobile internal combustion engines has been experimentally investigated. It is established that cavitation treatment of this fuel mixture allows to increase the water content in it up to 15–17%, reducing the engine power by only 6–7%. This allows up to 10–15% to increase the cost of gasoline when running engines in city traffic jams and on flat and sloping sections of highways.
The description of the automobile electromagnetic vibrating cavitator developed for cavitation processing of water-gasoline fuel which not only provides fuel, economy, but also increases degree of completeness of combustion of water-gasoline fuel mix is resulted. As a result, the ecology of the environment is improving.
Internet of Things Technology of Imagine Processing for Smart House
Authors: Okhmak Valeriia Mykolaivna , Krylov Artem V. 
Published: December 2021

The article considers the image processing, detection of human faces and the transfer of relevant information in MATLAB software. During the rapid global process of industrialization and globalization, elements of smart homes for personal use are becoming popular in production and offices. Life and personal information security is the most important requirement and task of current and future Internet of Things solutions. Therefore, the system of recognizing objects, including people, is relevant and still one that can be qualitatively improved.
The processing begins with a state file, which can be replaced by real-time systems, after receiving information from video — is selected in groups of points, which are the corresponding arrays of information. Arrays contains numbers which indicate whether a human face in front of the camera. The data is calibrated to avoid false detection with median distribution. As a result of involving graphic additions, the user can observe in real time where and how many faces are in front of the camera. MATLAB was chosen as the programming environment, because the program includes built-in blocks that allow you to easily combine the mathematical and applied part of the proposed solution.
As a result of modeling a complex model was obtained that is able to process the image and determine the necessary elements and objects in the image. This model can be used to track changes in position in space, any, object or objects depending on their size or physical characteristics. A feature of the proposed method is the ability to calibrate and optimize the mathematical model depending on the physical parameters of the system and the required information at the output of the system.