bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Transcription Factor Signature Predicts Prognosis of Patients with Adrenocortical Carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Jianyu , Liu Bo , Li Xiaoping 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine cancer that manifests as abdominal masses and excessive steroid hormone levels. Transcription factors (TFs) deregulation is found to be involved in adrenocortical tumorigenesis and cancer progression. This study aimed to construct a TF-based prognostic signature for prediction of survival of ACC patients.Methods: The gene expression profile for ACC patients were downloaded from TCGA and GEO datasets. The univariate Cox analysis was applied to identify survival-related TFs and the LASSO Cox regression was conducted to construct the TF signature. The multivariate analysis was used to reveal the independent prognostic factors.Results: We identified a 13-TF prognostic signature comprised of CREB3L3, NR0B1, CENPA, FOXM1, E2F2, MYBL2, HOXC11, ZIC2, ZNF282, DNMT1, TCF3, ELK4, and KLF6 using the univariate Cox analysis and LASSO Cox regression. The risk score based on the TF-signature could classify patients into low- and high-risk group. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that patients in the high-risk group had significantly shorter overall survival compared to the low-risk patients. ROC curves showed that the prognostic signature predicted the overall survival of ACC patients with good sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, the TF-risk score was an independent prognostic factor.Conclusion: Taken together, we identified a 13-TF prognostic marker to predict overall survival in ACC patients.
‘Non-duality’ and ‘Reliance’ are the ‘regression refined principal components’ that influences ‘spirituality’ in ‘Indian Saints’.
Authors: Mishra Badrinarayan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Quantifying spirituality is a tough ordeal and pretty intricate considering its multidimensional nature. Religion and culture are its top exponents. An evaluating tool must envisage them as core components. A tool to measure spirituality by incorporating Hindu philosophy was hard to find. Thus, we choose the commonly studied SAI (Spiritual Assessment Inventory) questionnaire and attempted to extract refined components with significant predicting potentials which can pave the path for spiritual assessment among Indian Saints.Results: The legitimate KMO and Bartlett's Test of significance of SAI for 1103 participants were .878 and 0.000; its Cronbach’s α was .810. Extracted Communalities for all 54 items of SAI ranged from .404 to .709. PCA (Principal Component Analysis) analysed 1097 participants that yielded 2 Principal Components (PCs)having a total of 7 variables; 3 for PC 1 and 4 for PC 2. The PCs thus derived explained 59.48% of the total variance of the participant’s spiritual score. The PCA for the two extracted components reported a Cronbach's α value of .69, the KMO and Bartlett's Test of significance of .748 and 0.000, and a linear regression R2 value at .605, F .000 and sig. f change .000. Standardized Beta for extracted component variables ranged from.10 to .28 with a significance value of .000. Both the PCs had corresponding Eigenvalues > 1. The corresponding Monte Carlo PCA test of parallel lines Eigenvalues was calculated to cross-check the PCA Eigen figure for their validity. The PCA Eigen figure was found tenable after cross-checking.Conclusion: PC 1 with its 3 variables was named ‘Reliance’ and PC 2 with 4 variables were ‘Non-duality’ named. These two PCs accounted for to 59.48%of spirituality in Indian saints and demonstrated a strong positive prediction potential concerning spiritual scores (regression R2 .605) in Indian Saints.
Impact of COVID-19 on health behaviours and body weight: A prospective observational study in a cohort of 1.1 million UK and US individuals
Authors: Mazidii Mohsen , Leeming Emily , Merino Jordi , Nguyen Long , Selvachandran Somesh , Maher Tyler , Kadé Kirstin , Murray Benjamin , Graham Mark , Sudre Carole , Wolf Jonathan , Hu Christina , Drew David , Steves Claire , Ourselin Sebastien , Gardner Christopher , Spector Tim , Chan Andrew , Franks Paul , Gibson Rachel , Berry Sarah 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Evidence regarding the impact of COVID-19 on health behaviours is limited. In this prospective study including 1.1 million UK and US participants we collected diet and lifestyle data ‘pre-’ and ‘peri-’ pandemic, and computed a bi-directional health behaviour disruption index. We show that disruption was higher in the younger, female and socioeconomically deprived (p<0.001). A loss in body weight (-0.57kg) was greater in highly disrupted individuals compared to those with low disruption (0.01kg). There were large inter-individual changes observed in all 46 health and diet behaviors measured peri-pandemic versus pre-pandemic, but no mean change in the total population. Individuals most adherent to unhealthy pre-pandemic health behaviours improved their diet quality (0.93units) and weight (-0.79kg) compared with those reporting healthy pre-pandemic behaviours (0.08units and 0.04kg respectively), irrespective of relative deprivation. For a proportion of the population, the pandemic may have provided an impetus to improve health behaviours.
IL-32 Serum Levels in Coronary Artery Disease Patient and its Relationship with IL-6 and TNF-α Serum Levels
Authors: Mohammad-Rezaei Mina , Ahmadi Reza , Rafiei Ali , Khaledifar Arsalan , Fatahi Shohila , Samiei-Sefat Azadeh , Emami Shohreh , Bagheri Nader 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by atherosclerosis and arteries become clogged due to plaque formation, fat accumulation, and various sorts of immune cells. IL-32 is a new proinflammatory cytokine, which enhances inflammation through inducing different inflammatory cytokines. The purpose of current research was to assess IL-32 serum levels in coronary artery disease subjects and its relationship with serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α. Forty-two subjects diagnosed with CAD and thirty-nine control subjects were enrolled in the research. Serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-32 were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IL-32, TNF-α, and IL-6 serum levels were significantly higher by 2.7, 3.48, and 3.2-fold in the CAD subjects than in control subjects, respectively. Moreover, no significant difference was found in TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-32 serum levels with the clogged arteries number in the CAD group. TNF-α and IL-32 serum levels in the CAD subjects with cardiac arterial stenosis in one major vessel were significantly increased than CAD subjects with cardiac arterial stenosis in more than one major vessels. ROC curve analysis revealed that serum levels of IL-32, TNF-α, and IL-6 showed good abilities in predicting CAD. Also, Multiple logistic regression analyses suggested that TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-32, serum levels of LDL and ox-LDL were independently related to the presence of CAD, while HDL serum levels were not. TNF-α, IL-32, and IL-6 showed an increase in CAD group and serum levels of these cytokines showed good abilities in predicting CAD. Our data suggested the involvement of TNF-α and IL-32 in the early stage of CAD.
Fructose-a double edged sword for cell death versus differentiation and long-term survival of NSC-34 motor neuron like cells in vitro
Authors: Lodha Divya , Subramaniam Jamuna R. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In various neurological and neurodegenerative diseases (ND), motor neurons (MN) of the spinal cord are affected leading to movement impairments. The ND, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), is caused due to MN degeneration. ALS afflicts athletes and other major sports personalities, who generally consume fructose enriched sports drinks. Recently, we have reported that high fructose (F5%) impairs the metabolic activity in the NSC-34, MN cell line and reduces the healthspan of C. elegans. But how fructose impacts the MNs either in vitro or in vivo in the long term is not understood. Here we report, to our surprise, that high fructose (F5%) treatment of NSC-34 leads to differentiation of 1-2% of cells with progressive neurite extension. They could be maintained for 80 days in vitro with 5% CO2 and O2 at 18.8%. On the contrary, 5% fructose significantly reduced cell viability by ~85% and inhibited cell proliferation by Day10. Nuclear staining displayed multiple nuclei in the cells indicative of cytokinesis inhibition which led to the lack of cell proliferation. Further, F5% significantly increased ROS levels (^~34%), the potential cause for reduced viability. In addition, no induction of expression of the master oxidative stress response regulator, the transcription factor, nrf-2, or the downstream effector, sod1, was evident. Despite the adverse effects, in the absence of any, F5% is a potential strategy to maintain at least a small percentage of MNs for a long time, ~45 days in vitro, which also reinforces the Redox-Cell death versus cell survival conundrum.
Hepatitis C Virus Infection and Genotypes in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients in Kinshasa: Prevalence and Risk Factors
Authors: Ngilibuma Mathieu Muna , Mokoli Vieux Momeme , Nlandu Yannick Mayamba , Engole Yannick Mompango , Ilunga Cedric Kabemba , Longo Augustin Luzayadio , Luse Jeanine Losa , Bukabau Justine Busanga , Mbendi Charles NLombi , TShimpi Antoine Wola , Sumaili Ernsest Kiswaya , Nseka Nazaire Mangani , Jadoul Michel , Situakibanza Hyppolite Nanituma , Makulo Jean-Robert Rissassi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
IntroductionThe steady increase in the number of chronic hemodialysis patients in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) calls for improved management of those patients. The present study aimed to determine the frequency of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the prevalent genotypes and the risk factors associated with HCV in hemodialysis patients in Kinshasa (DR Congo). MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted from February to June 2018 in all hemodialysis centers in Kinshasa. Blood samples were collected from 127 chronic hemodialysis patients and tested for the presence of antibodies against HCV. The HCV genotype was identified by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR). ResultsTwenty-two (17.3 %) patients were anti-HCV positive, ranging from 0 % to 52.9 % in different centers. Genotype 4 was detected in 18/22 (81.8 %), followed by genotype 2 in 2/22 (9.1%), and both genotypes 2 and 4 in one patient (4.5%). One patient had an undetermined genotype (4.5 %). Having received at least 4 transfusions [7,21 (1,09-10,61); p=0.040)], not being under EPO treatment [5,81(1,47-12,96); p=0.012)], being on hemodialysis for at least 14 months [3,63(1,60-5,05); p=0.035)]and being dialyzed in an overloaded center [2,06(0,83-5,86); p=0.073)] were associated with a greater risk of HCV infection.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of strategies to prevent HCV infection in hemodialysis patients in Kinshasa. This issue is important for SSA countries which are facing several economic and logistical challenges.
Wavelength Plasmonic Demultiplexer Based on Square-disk Resonators in MIM Waveguide
Authors: faghani arman amiri , Yaghoubi Elaheh , Yaghoubi Elnaz 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A palsmonic demultiplexer based on cascading square nanodisk resonators in a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) plasmonic waveguide is proposed in this paper. The basic structure of the proposed demultiplexer is a plasmonic filter which consists of two waveguides, a middle cavity and two square nanodisk resonators. According to the simulation results the transmission spectra Full Width at Half-Maximum (FWHM) in the proposed structure reaches about 10 nm.With appropriate choice of refractive index (RI) and geometrical parameters the proposed structure can be adjusted and modified. The prposed structure has low FWHM, high sensitivity and acceptable figure of marit (FoM). By putting three filters with the same dimensions together, a triple-channel demultiplexer with three different wavelengths in each of the channels is designed. The effect of cross talk in the designed demultiplexer is less than -25 dB. The proposed structure can be used in the large-scale photonic integration, ultra-compact demultiplexer devices, nanosensors, integrated plasmonic devices and the development of optical integrated circuits. These structures numerically studied using Finite- Different Time- Domain (FDTD) simulations.
Clinical and Psychosocial Stress Factors are Associated with Decline in Physical Activity Over Time in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Heale Liane D , Houghton Kristin , Rezaei Elham , Baxter-Jones Adam D.G. , Tupper Susan M , Muhajarine Nazeem , Benseler Susanne M , Boire Gilles , Cabral David A , Campillo Sarah , Chedeville Gaelle , Chetaille Anne-Laure , Dancey Paul , Duffy Ciaran , Duffy Karen Watanabe , Ellsworth Janet , Guzman Jaime , Huber Adam M , Jurencak Roman , Lang Bianca , Laxer Ronald M , Morishita Kimberly , Oen Keim G , Petty Ross E , Ramsey Suzanne E , Roth Johannes , Schneider Rayfel , Scuccimarri Rosie , Spiegel Lynn , Stringer Elizabeth , Tse Shirley M.L. , Tucker Lori B , Turvey Stuart E , Yeung Rae S.M. , Rosenberg Alan M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Physical activity (PA) patterns in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) over time are not well described. The aim of this study was to describe associations of physical activity (PA) with disease activity, function, pain, and psychosocial stress in the two years following diagnosis in an inception cohort of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods: In 82 children with newly diagnosed JIA, PA levels, prospectively determined at enrollment, 12 and 24 months using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) and Adolescents (PAQ-A) raw scores, were evaluated in relation to disease activity as reflected by arthritis activity (Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS-71)), function, pain, and psychosocial stresses using a linear mixed model approach. Results in the JIA cohort were compared to normative Pediatric Bone Mineral Accrual Study data derived from healthy children using z-scores. Results: At enrollment, PA z-score levels of study participants were lower than those in the normative population (median z-score -0.356; p = 0.005). At enrollment, PA raw scores were negatively associated with the psychosocial domain of the Juvenile Arthritis Quality of Life Questionnaire (r=-0.251; p=0.023). There was a significant decline in PAQ-C/A raw scores from baseline (median and IQR: 2.6, 1.4-3.1) to 24 months (median and IQR: 2.1, 1.4-2.7; p = 0.003). The linear mixed-effect model showed that PAQ-C/A raw scores in children with JIA decreased as age, disease duration, and ESR increased. The PAQ-C/A raw scores of the participants was also negatively influenced by an increase in disease activity as measured by the JADAS-71 (p<0.001).Conclusion: Canadian children with newly diagnosed JIA have lower PA levels than healthy children. The decline in PA levels over time was associated with disease activity and higher disease-specific psychosocial stress.
Energy Consumption Improvement of OOK Transmitter Based on Minimum Energy Coding
Authors: peng yue , Andrieux Guillaume , diouris Jean-francois 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Energy consumption of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) including OOK transmitter is important for short range transmission and long battery life time requirements. In this paper, the Minimum Energy (ME) coding strategy is adopted to improve the energy efficiency of an OOK transmitter. We first give the energy consumption model based on a real OOK transmitter, which can completely switch off the transmitter during the transmission of low bit '0' and has an energy effciency of 52 pJ/bit. Based on this energy consumption model, ME-Coding provides an energy effciency of 30 pJ/bit for coding size k = 3. Moreover, larger coding size others more significant improvement, at the sacrifice of spectral effciency and transmission range. In this paper, we have also determined a closed-form solution for the optimal coding size for a given transmission range constraint.
An Efficient Mobile Data Gathering Method with Tree Clustering Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks Balanced and Unbalanced Topologies
Authors: MEDDAH Meriem , HADDAD Rim , EZZEDDINE Tahar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Mobile Data Collector device (MDC) is adopted to reduce the energy consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks. This device travels the network in order to gather the collected data from sensor nodes. This paper presents a new Tree Clustering algorithm with Mobile Data Collector in Wireless Sensor Networks, which establishes the shortest travelling path passing throw a subset of Cluster Heads (CH). To select CHs, we adopt a competitive scheme, and the best sensor nodes are elected according to the number of packets forwarded between sensor nodes, the number of hops to the tree’s root, the residual energy, and the distance between the node and the closest CH. In simulation results, we adopt the balanced and unbalanced topologies and prove the efficiently of our proposed algorithm considering the network lifetime, the fairness index and the energy consumption in comparison with the existing mobile data collection algorithms.
Superluminal Electron-Positron Pair
Authors: Tan Jufu , Fan J. D. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
It is deduced that when an electron and a positron form a stable structure, the dimensionless speed of either of them, α = v/C, where C is speed of light, satisfies the so-called basic equation of α^2 - b α = 1 = 0, where b is the reciprocal of α, the fine structure constant of a hydrogen atom. One of solutions to the basic equation, the superluminal speed, α 1 = b = 137.036, represents a superluminal pair of electron and positron, in which there is the Lorentz force only while neglecting the Coulomb force between the two particles at an ultrahigh speed. Another solution stands for a positronium with a short-lived life time. The superluminal pair of electron and positron or superluminal electron-positron pair consists of an electron and a positron moving at a superluminal speed of and has a stable quantized energy system with quantized energy of E ̃_n=2m_0e υ ̃_n^2=nhV ̃_n where v = nbC with n being an integer, and is able to radiate and absorb rays of electrons and positrons with ultrahigh energy. The superluminal electron-positron pair may possibly be a particle of dark matter. A divided superluminal electron-positron pair on an energy level n can release electrons and positrons, moving at a superluminal speed of v = nbC, which may possibly be particles of dark energy as well. Therefore, we are led to conclude that there might exist quantized superluminal motions of electrons and positrons in the universe.
The effect of COVID-19 on spermatogenesis
Authors: Kamel Mostafa , Moniem Abdel , Zarzur Mohamed , Kurkar Adel , Behnsawy Hosny 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background : The viral pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a serious worldwide public health emergency, evolving exponentially. While the main organ targeted in this disease is the lungs, other vital organs may be implicated. The main host receptor of the SARS-CoV-2 is angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a major component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). The ACE2 is also involved in testicular male regulation of steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. A recent report published in JAMA Network revealed that in an analysis 38 semen samples from COVID‐19 patients pcr +ve. As the SARS-CoV-2 may have the potential to infect the testis via ACE2 and adversely affect male reproductive system. From this point the purpose of this study is how covid-19 affect spermatogenesis. methods: Aim: how covid-19 affect spermatogenesis. Design and setting of the study: a100 patients had been enrolled in the study by a criteria suggesting good semen analysis. two sets of semen analysis done, the first after 72days of first positive swab for covid-19 to show changes in semen analysis from normal values in the cycle of spermatogenesis during infection, the other sample after 72 days from the first sample to show if the changes regress to normal and to compare it with the first sample. Results: a total number 100 patients first sample show 2% of patients oligospermia, 36% of patients teratospermia . the second sample show 4% of patients teratospermia . by comparing the two samples there is a significant increase in sperm concentration with mean concentration in the first sample 96.49 million /ml , mean concentration in the second sample 104.67 million /ml , a significant increase in motility (A+B) with mean percentage of 44% in the first sample and 46% in the second sample , a highly significant increase in the normal forms of sperms with mean percentage of 23.4 % in the first sample and 30.55 % in the second sample .Conclusions: covid-19 affect spermatogenesis in the form of reversible teratospermia, reversable decrease sperm count but within normal level, reversable decrease in the sperm motility but also within normal level.
Grey-box modeling and hypothesis testing of functional near-infrared spectroscopy-based cerebrovascular reactivity to anodal high-definition tDCS in healthy humans
Authors: Arora Yashika , Walia Pushpinder , Hayashibe Mitsuhiro , Muthalib Makii , Chowdhury Shubhajit Roy , Perrey Stephane , Dutta Anirban 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to evoke hemodynamics response; however, the mechanisms have not been investigated systematically using systems biology approaches. We postulate that such a mechanistic understanding of the hemodynamics response, called cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) to tDCS, can facilitate adequate delivery of the tDCS current density to the neurovascular tissue in cerebrovascular diseases. Our study presents a systems biology approach to evaluate CVR during high-definition (HD) tDCS using a physiologically constrained grey-box linear model. Our grey-box linear model was developed for the multi-compartmental neurovascular unit consisting of the vascular smooth muscle, perivascular space, synaptic space, and astrocyte glial cell. The physiologically detailed model generated vessel oscillations in the frequency range of 0.05 – 0.2 Hz driven mainly by non-linear calcium dynamics. Then, model linearization was performed to develop a grey-box linear model for evaluating the acute effects during the first 150 seconds of anodal HD-tDCS in eleven healthy humans using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) based measure of blood volume. The grey-box linear model was fitted to the total hemoglobin concentration (tHb) changes with optodes in the vicinity of 4x1 HD-tDCS electrodes. We found that the grey-box model pathway from perivascular potassium to the vessel circumference (Pathway 3) presented the best fit to fNIRS tHb time series with the least mean square error (MSE, median < 2.5%). Then, minimal realization transfer function with reduced-order approximations of the grey-box model pathways was fitted to the average tHb time series. Pathway 3, with nine poles and two zeros (all free parameters), provided the best Chi-Square Goodness of Fit of 0.0078. Therefore, our study provided a sound systems biology approach to investigate the hemodynamic response to tDCS that needs further investigation in health, aging, and disease. Future studies can leverage transcranial alternating current stimulation for frequency-dependent physiological entrainment of relevant pathways, e.g., oscillations driven by nonlinear calcium dynamics, that can provide additional insights based on our grey-box modeling approach.