bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistent pre-exhausted CD8+ T cells shape the tumor immune microenvironment in anaplastic thyroid cancer
Authors: Ruan Xianhui , Tao Mei , Dong Yuanxing , Hu Linfei , Xu Guangwei , Hu Chuanxiang , Huang Yue , Wang Yuqi , Yu Jialong , Luo Wei , Gao Ming , Zhao Min , Zheng Xiangqian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAnaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is an aggressive form of cancer with poor prognosis, heavily influenced by its tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Understanding the cellular and gene expression dynamics within the TIME is crucial for developing targeted therapies. This study analyzes the immune microenvironment of ATC and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). We performed a comprehensive scRNA-seq analysis on ATC and PTC samples, incorporating cell type annotation, marker gene identification and clustering based on gene expression. A specific focus was on the prevalence and biomarkers of pre-exhausted CD8+ T cells in ATC, utilizing the single-cell tumor immune atlas for immune cell characterization. The scRNA-seq analysis identified distinct immune cell populations and differentially expressed genes in ATC and PTC samples. Notably, pre-exhausted CD8+ T cells were found to be prevalent in ATC datasets. Additional immunofluorescence staining and coculture experiments with the ATC cell line identified GNLY, a member of the saposin-like protein family, as a potential biomarker for pre-exhausted CD8+ T cells in ATC. This study provides valuable insights into the immune landscape of ATC, emphasizing the prevalence of pre-exhausted CD8+ T cells and identifying GNLY as a potential biomarker. Understanding the TIME composition and the role of specific immune cells in cancer progression can inform the development of targeted immunotherapies for ATC. Future research should explore the functional implications of GNLY and other identified biomarkers in modulating the immune response in thyroid cancer.HighlightsA computational pipeline was constructed to identify ATC-specific immune cell populations and differentially expressed genes via multiple independent ATC and PTC single-cell transcriptomes.A total of 221 uniquely differentially expressed genes associated with the adaptive immune response across two ATC datasets were identified.Markedly prevalent pre-exhausted CD8+ T cells in ATC datasets compared with PTC datasets were identified.One hundred fifteen potential biomarker genes of pre-exhausted CD8+ T cells were identified, with GNLY experimentally validated as the top candidate.
On k-fuzzy metric spaces with applications
Authors: Patel Uma Devi , Chandra Vineeta , Savatović Milica , Radenović Stojan 
Published: January 2025

With application point of view, Gopal et al. [D. Gopal, W. Sintunavarat, A.S. Ranadive, S. Shukla, The investigation of k-fuzzy metric spaces with the first contraction principle in such spaces, Soft Comput., 27:11081–11089, 2023] generalized the conceptions of a fuzzy metric space and introduced the definition of k-fuzzy metric space. Here a fuzzy set defined in k-fuzzy metric space is a membership function FY : X × X × (0, +∞)k -> [0; 1], that is, the fuzzy distance between two points of the set depends on more than one parameter, and then also introduced first contraction principle in this space. In this sequel, we extend the work on k-fuzzy metric spaces by generalizing Banach contraction principle by introducing various type of inequalities. Here we introduce Tirado-type k-fuzzy contraction condition and prove fixed point theorem for Tirado-type contractive mapping. We also discuss the k-fuzzy ψ-contractive mapping, where ψ ∈ Ψ, and Ψ is a class of mappings defined from ψ : [0; 1] -> [0; 1] that has certain properties, and also obtained fixed point for such class of mappings. Later, we define Ćirić-type contraction inequalities to prove fixed point results by restricting ourselves on l-natural property of the fuzzy space to ensure the existence of fixed point. Between all results, a set of supportive examples are also produced to validate the results. In application section, we discuss the solutions of Volterra-type integral equations and second-order nonlinear ordinary differential equation.
Optimizing Management of Febrile Young Infants Without Serum Procalcitonin
Authors: Burstein Brett , Wolek Caroline , Poirier Cassandra , Yannopoulos Alexandra , Charles Casper T. , Kaouache Mohammed , Kuppermann Nathan 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND
Febrile young infants are at risk of invasive bacterial infections (IBIs; bacteremia or bacterial meningitis). American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines recommend that when procalcitonin testing is unavailable, C-reactive protein (CRP), absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and temperature should be used to identify low-risk infants. We sought to determine the optimal combination of these inflammatory markers to predict IBI when procalcitonin is unavailable.

METHODS
This was a secondary analysis of prospectively collected data for all febrile infants aged 60 days or younger evaluated at a tertiary pediatric emergency department (January 2018 to July 2023). Previously healthy term infants aged 8 to 60 days with rectal temperatures of 38.0°C or greater meeting AAP inclusion/exclusion criteria were analyzed. A decision rule was derived by classification and regression tree analysis with 10-fold cross-validation then compared to AAP-recommended thresholds of ANC ≤ 5200/mm3, CRP ≤ 20 mg/L, and temperature ≤ 38.5°C.

RESULTS
Among 1987 infants, 38 (1.9%) had IBIs. The AAP-recommended thresholds missed no IBIs (sensitivity: 100.0% [95% CI, 88.6%–100.0%]; negative predictive value (NPV): 100.0% [95% CI, 99.5%–100.0%]; specificity: 50.7% [95% CI, 48.5%–53.0%]). Optimal derived thresholds were CRP ≤ 22.2mg/L, temperature ≤ 39.0°C, and ANC ≤ 4500/mm3; urinalysis and age were not selected. The derived rule also missed no IBIs (sensitivity: 100.0% [95% CI, 88.6%–100.0%]; NPV: 100.0% [95% CI, 99.7%–100.0%]); however, specificity improved to 83.8% (95% CI, 82.1%–85.4%). Area under the receiver operating curve for the cross-validated rule (91.9% [95% CI, 91.1%–92.7%]) was higher than at AAP-recommended thresholds (75.4% (95% CI, 74.3%–76.5%]).

CONCLUSIONS
The combination of ANC, CRP, and temperature at statistically derived thresholds improved diagnostic accuracy for identifying infants at low risk of IBIs compared to AAP-recommended thresholds.
Determinants of fracture patients in nonunion or delayed union
Authors: Rante Su Djie To , S. M. J. Koamesah  , Prisca Pakan  , Conrad Liab Hendricson Folamauk  
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/QSRsiXuo-EU

Background: Fractures are a common cause in the present, where the main cause is trauma/injury. The ideal current fracture treatment is orthopedic surgery in the hospital, sometimes with bones that are not completely fused (non-union) or delayed union. This study aimed to determine the risk factor associated with the incidence of the non-union and delayed union in patients operated at Siloam General Hospital, Kupang, Indonesia.
Method: An observational retrospective study with a case-control design was conducted from January 2020 to June 2021 in Siloam Kupang Hospital, East Nusa Tenggara. The case involved patients experiencing non-union or delayed union complications, while the control involved fractured patients without both complications. Data were extracted from Electronic Medical Records (EMR) and then were analyzed by χ2 Cramer's V. The p<0.05 was significant.
Result: The study results found a relationship between smoking (p=0.000), open fracture (p=0.001), infections (p=0.000), time intervals between events and surgeries (p=0.000), high energy injury mechanisms (p=0.021), and crush injury (p=0.000) with non-union or delayed union events in fracture patients at Siloam Hospital Kupang.
Conclusion: The non-union and delayed union complications in fractured patients were related to smoking habits, open fracture, local infections, time intervals between events and surgeries, high energy injury mechanism, and crush injury.
Lupus nephritis and kidney transplantation: past, present and future
Authors: Pramudya Dana , Hertanto Decsa Medika , Pitaloka Afina Thara , Tjempakasari Artaria , Pranawa  
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/d3xTL9HvM2U

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects various organ systems, has a severe form called lupus nephritis (LN). The management of LN has changed over the past few decades due to the discovery of new immunosuppressive drugs and advances in our understanding of the disease process. This study evaluates lupus nephritis and kidney transplantation in the past, present, and future challenges.
Methods: This literature review compiles and elaborates on previous studies from many authors to support future experimental studies, which will be conducted to evaluate the challenges of lupus nephritis and kidney transplantation management according to past, present, and future data.
Results: Treatment strategies for LN typically involve a combination of immunosuppressive medications, such as corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, and mycophenolate mofetil, to induce and maintain remission. Many LN patients progress to ESRD, necessitating renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or kidney transplantation. The results of kidney transplantation in LN patients have been progressively improving. Developing novel immunosuppressive agents may improve graft survival and reduce complications in LN patients undergoing kidney transplantation.
Conclusion: The future of kidney transplantation for LN patients appears promising, with emerging research focused on novel immunosuppressive agents, personalized medicine, biomarkers for predicting recurrence and graft rejection, preventive strategies for recurrent LN, and cell-based therapies
The effects of Curcuma Longa extract on fibroblast count and collagen density in left colon anastomosis with acute intra operative loss of 15% circulating blood volume in rats
Authors: Haidi Nasrul , Lesmana Tomy 
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/kSlkMRdPkO8

Introduction: Intestinal anastomosis leakage is a significant concern following intestinal suturing due to its potential to cause morbidity and mortality. Curcuma longa, commonly known as turmeric, has been observed to have wound-healing properties by promoting collagen deposition and increasing the number of fibroblasts. However, the effect of Curcuma longa on left colon anastomosis with acute intra operative loss of 15% circulating blood volume is unknown. This study aimed to determine the impact of oral administration of Curcuma longa extract on the number of fibroblasts and collagen density in the left colon anastomosis with acute intraoperative loss of 15% circulating blood volume.
Methods: This is an experimental study; the researchers investigated the effect of Curcuma longa extract on the healing process of colon anastomosis in white rats - Rattus norvegicus.
Results: A total of 30 white rats - Rattus norvegicus underwent laparotomy for left colon anastomosis resection, and they were randomly divided into two groups. One group was given Curcuma longa extract orally after surgery, and the other group did not received it. After five days of treatment, the group that received Curcuma longa extract orally had a significantly higher mean number of fibroblasts (1168.13) compared to the control group (749.60) (p-value: 0.006). Moreover, the collagen density in the treated group was also higher, with a density range of 50-72% (60% of rats) and 75-100% (33.30% of rats), compared to the control group's density range of 25-50% (66.70% of rats) and 10-25% (13.30% of rats) (p-value: 0.000).
Conclusion: Oral administration of Curcuma longa extract can increase the number of fibroblasts and collagen density in the left colon anastomosis with acute intra operative loss of 15% circulating blood volume.
Identification of tumor infiltrating lymphocyte CD8 in Indonesian colorectal cancer population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Irawan Elit , Lukman Kiki , Usman Nurhayat , Sulthana Bambang Am Am Setya , Rudiman Reno , Budiman Deny , Nugraha Prapanca , Primastari Etis 
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/KymCxU8ATU0

Background: Colorectal cancer is now the third most common cancer both globally and in Indonesia. An important component of the adaptive immune system, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) cluster of differentiation 8 (CD8+) are key in the immune response to malignancies, which were previously believed to be the primary initiators of anti-tumor immunity. A higher TIL CD8+ levels in the tumor microenvironment and a better prognosis have been associated with anticancer benefits in a number of cancers. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of colorectal cancer patients with increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte CD8+ expression and their relationship with clinicopathological features.
Methods: A cross-sectional investigation was conducted. Patients in the digestive surgery division with colorectal cancer served as the study's research subjects. There were 36 study subjects that were randomly selected from the available specimens. Examination of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes CD8+ expression was carried out by the immunohistochemistry method.
Result: Expression of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes CD8+, was positive in nine (25%) patients, and normal expression was shown in 27 (75%) patients. Most of the patients had adenocarcinomas histologically (91.7%), and 66.7% of patients were older than 50, with 77.8% of the tumors located at the rectum. Univariate analysis of the clinicopathological characteristics related to the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes CD8+, showed a non-significant relationship statistically (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: There was no relationship between clinicopathological characteristics and tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte CD8+ expression in colorectal cancers.
Comparison on the efficacy and safety of bipolar transurethral vaporization of the prostate (B-TUVP) with bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (B-TURP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wiratama Made Adi , Andhika Dimas Panca , Ng Chi-Fai , Hakim Lukman 
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/8WQpmpndIfA

Background: Bipolar Transurethral Vaporization of the Prostate (B-TUVP) is a surgical technique for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) patients that known for its technical reliability, short operating time, and low risk of intraoperative bleeding. However, despite these advantages, it appears to be an unpopular choice among urologists. Previous studies have produced conflicting results when comparing B-TUVP to Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP), particularly bipolar TURP (B-TURP). To date, no studies have directly compared the efficacy and complications of B-TUVP and B-TURP, which using the same energy type. Therefore, the objective of this study is to compare the efficacy and potential complications of these two modalities for the treatment of BPH.
Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) were followed to perform a systematic search in six databases. The risk of bias in RCT was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) tool version 2. The Review Manager® 5.4 software was used for analyzing all the data.
Results: Six eligible RCTs were included with a total of 940 samples. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), fastest flow rate (Qmax), and post void residual (PVR) were not significantly different, while the quality of life (QoL) score (SMD = -0.64; 95%CI = -1.09 – -0.18; I2 = 86%) were significantly lower in B-TUVP (p < 0.05). Hemoglobin drop (SMD = -2.05; 95%CI = -2.78 – -1.31; I2 = 95%), catheterization period (SMD = -1.14; 95%CI = -1.45 – -0.84; I2 = 60%), and hospital stay (SMD = -0.68; 95%CI = -1.04 – -0.31; I2 = 61%) were significantly lower in B-TUVP (p < 0.05). The analysis of complications did not differ significantly between the B-TUVP and B-TURP groups.
Conclusion: B-TUVP had similar short- to medium-term efficacy and complications as B-TURP, with advantages in terms of significantly better QoL score, lower hemoglobin drop, shorter catheterization period and hospital stay.
Successful treatment of superior vena cava syndrome due to internal jugular vein thrombosis in a 55-year-old man with comorbid diabetes mellitus type 2 and pneumonia
Authors: Tofan Rezdy , Wardhani Shinta Oktya , Nurdianto Arif Rahman 
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/FZsJ7mtGsW8

Introduction: Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) associated with jugular internal vein thrombosis can be dangerous. Diagnosing SVCS and venous thromboembolism (VTE) must be done precisely and accurately to minimize the risk of pulmonary embolism.
Case Presentation: Male, 55 years old, complaining of shortness of breath, the feeling of choking in the neck, and a lump in the neck for one month. The patient has a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and does not routinely take medication. The patient experienced tachypnea and tachycardia, and there was an enlargement in the submental to the submandibular region; the boundaries were not firm, supple, or fixed, approximately ten centimeters in diameter, and the collateral veins were enlarged and felt pain. Chest examination revealed telangiectasia, crackles, and bronchovesicular breath sounds over both lungs at the base and medial side. The patient had mild anemia and leukocytosis, increased HbA1c levels, total cholesterol levels, and increased D-dimer and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Antero-posterior (AP) lateral cervical radiograph shows a widening of the soft tissue in the retro tracheal space at the level of the second cervix. The patient given warfarin, enoxaparin, methylprednisolone, and heparin. Improvement of the condition was shown.
Conclusion: Superior vena cava syndrome due to internal jugular vein thrombosis is a challenging case. Careful diagnostic measurement based on history and physical examination, in addition of additional investigation may lead to the diagnosis. Management with warfarin, enoxaparin, methylprednisolone, and heparin show clinical benefit.
Ideas for research in a saturated field, through bibliometric analysis of the effect of Momordica charantia on the brain
Authors: Saleh Arman Yurisaldi , Prabowo Imam 
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/U0JoMHQUW-I

Introduction: Momordica charantia, known as bitter melon, has long been used in traditional medicine and is proven to have various health benefits. Recent research has demonstrated the possible impact of Momordica charantia on the brain. However, there is currently a dearth of research investigating the correlation between Momordica charantia and stem cells. The objective of this bibliometric analysis is to uncover prevailing patterns and unexplored research domains.
Methods: The bibliometric analysis data were gathered from the website www.scopus.com using the search terms "Momordica charantia" and "brain." Data obtained was further processed using the Biblioshiny and VOSviewer apps to generate visual representations and do quantitative analysis.
Results: The study yields the identification of authors and documents with the highest number of citations, emerging patterns in research, affiliations, and countries with the greatest contributions to document production, as well as publications that publish papers with the most often cited documents. Data visualisation encompasses several techniques such as thematic mapping, clustering, network visualisation, overlay visualisation, and density visualisation
Conclusions: The study results indicate potential avenues for research on the impact of Momordica charantia on stem cells. Additional investigation is required to examine the therapeutic capacity of Momordica charantia in the field of neurology, specifically in relation to stem cells.
High prestin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate/NADPH oxidase-2, low-density lipoprotein and low high-density lipoprotein as risk factors for sensorineural hearing loss in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Santosa Agus , Suastika Ketut , Bakta Made , Saraswati Made Ratna , Maliawan Sri , Suardana Wayan , Sujaya Nengah , Yasa I Wayan Putu Sutirta , Manuaba Ida Bagus Putra 
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/5jMb5YnkN_A

Introduction: Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) causes acute and chronic complications, including macroangiopathy, particularly sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). SNHL is suspected due to decreased outer hair cell quality and microangiopathy in the cochlea and atherosclerosis. This study aims to identify high prestin, high NOX-2, high LDL-C, and low HDL-C as risk factors for sensorineural hearing loss in T2DM patients, as there have been no prior studies assessing this biomarker as a risk factor.
Methods: The study analyzed T2DM patients aged 18-60 years at a diabetic center polyclinic in Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Denpasar. It used a case-control design, focusing on patients with SNHL and controls without SNHL. Data was collected from patients during visits and examinations, and analyzed using SPSS version 25 for Windows.
Results: A total of 36 respondents were included in this study, of which 18 were cases and 18 were controls. In cases and controls, the average age was 51.5 years and dominated by men (55.6%). Based on the risk analysis, it was found that there was a significant effect on high prestin levels (p=0.049; AOR: 4.086; 95% CI: 1.007 – 16.579), high NOX2 (p=0.020; AOR: 6.250; 95% CI: 1.327–29.432), LDL- High C (p=0.036; AOR: 6.400; 95% CI: 1.124–36.437) and low HDL-C (p=0.010; AOR: 7.857; 95% CI: 1.651 – 37.403) and hypertension on the incidence of sensorineural deafness in T2DM patients.
Conclusion: This study proves high prestin, high NOX-2, high LDL-C and low HDL-C as risk factors for sensorineural hearing loss in T2DM patients.
Ethnomedical entities in health law and sustainable development: a literature review
Authors: Pramesti Anak Agung Intan , Parsa I Wayan , Bagiastra I Nyoman 
Published: January 2025

Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/JA4z8U1WowQ

Traditional and ethnic healing practices (ethnomedicine) have been an integral part of the culture and heritage of diverse peoples around the world for thousands of years. However, formal recognition and regulation of ethnomedicine in government and health legislation remains a complex and varied issue throughout the world. Debate continues about how to incorporate traditional healing practices into modern health systems and how to regulate these practices to ensure the safety and quality of health care. In this study, the purpose was to provide an overview of ethnomedicine between sustainable development and health law. This is literature review research in national and international journals published from 2019 to 2023 using certain keywords. The results of the literature review explain that the government has clearly defined regulations regarding traditional health services, starting from the rights and obligations of traditional health care providers, registration, licensing, conditions for the location of health services, and sanctions, but these legal regulations are limited to the implementation of traditional health services themselves. It was further stated that traditional medicines contribute to public health, biodiversity conservation, sustainable agriculture, cultural preservation, technological innovation, and community participation. Better outcomes for health, the environment and societal well-being can be achieved by recognizing, appreciating, and integrating ethnomedicine within a sustainable development framework.