bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new RP-HPLC method as an auxiliary tool for optimization of sample preparation procedures for tracing of PPCPs of different hydrophilicities
Authors: Portillo-Castillo Omar J. , Castro-Ríos Rocío , Chávez-Montes Abelardo , González-Horta Azucena , Cavazos-Rocha Norma , De Torres Noemí Waksman , Garza-Tapia Marsela 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Recently, pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) have received considerable attention because of their increasing use. Analysis of PPCPs presents a significant analytical challenge, with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in reversed-phase mode, as the most widely used analytical technique. To facilitate the optimization of the procedures that are applied in the early stages of sample preparation, a simple and fast HPLC method is proposed in this work for the separation of some PPCPs with a wide range of hydrophilicity. Two columns were evaluated (Atlantis dC18 and Discovery HS F5); as for mobile phases: a formate buffer (40 mmol L−1, pH 4) and methanol were tested in a gradient mode. The fluorinated column allowed better separation in a shorter time and better resolution for all analytes (Rs
> 1). The proposed method delivered good performance for the tracing of PPCPs and is a suitable alternative to traditional C18-based HPLC methods.
Inhibitory effect of terfenadine on Kir2.1 and Kir2.3 channels
Authors: Delgado-Ramírez Mayra , Rodriguez-Leal Fanny Junue , Rodríguez-Menchaca Aldo Azmar , Moreno-Galindo Eloy Gerardo , Sanchez-Chapula José Antonio , Ferrer Tania 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Terfenadine is a second-generation H1-antihistamine that despite potentially can produce severe side effects it has recently gained attention due to its anticancer properties. Lately, the subfamily 2 of inward rectifier potassium channels (Kir2) has been implicated in the progression of some tumoral processes. Hence, we characterized the effects of terfenadine on Kir2.x channels expressed in HEK-293 cells. Terfenadine inhibited Kir2.3 channels with a strikingly greater potency (IC
50 = 1.06 ± 0.11 μmol L−1) compared to Kir2.1 channels (IC
50 = 27.8 ± 4.8 μmol L−1). The Kir2.3(I213L) mutant, possessing a larger affinity for phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) than the wild-type Kir2.3, was less sensitive to terfenadine inhibition (IC
50 = 13.0 ± 2.9 μmol L−1). Additionally, the PIP2 intracellular application had largely reduced the inhibition of Kir2.1 channels by terfenadine. Our data support that Kir2.x channels are targets of terfena-dine by affecting their interaction with PIP2, which could be regarded as a mechanism of the antitumor properties of terfenadine.
Polyethylene oxide matrix tablet swelling evolution: The impact of molecular mass and tablet composition
Authors: Draksler Petra , Mikac Urša , Laggner Peter , Paudel Amrit , Janković Biljana 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article describes the designing of matrix tablets composed of polyethylene oxides (PEOs) with relative molecular masses of 1 × 106, 2 × 106, and 4 × 106. Percolation thresholds were determined for all of the selected PEO formulations (18, 16, and 12 %, m/m), taking into consideration excipients and tablet surface area which significantly increased the percolation threshold. Moreover, the robustness of the gel layer in PEO matrix tablets was evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging under various mechanical stresses (no flow, 12 mL min−1, and 64 mL−1 of medium flow). Correlations between the percolation threshold and gel thickness (R
2 = 0.86), gel thickness and the erosion coefficient (R
2 = 0.96) was detected. Furthermore, small-angle X-ray scattering of the selected PEOs detected differences in polymer molecular complexity at the nanoscale. Finally, the ratio of the heat of coalescence to the heat of fusion has confirmed the PEO molecular mass-dependent percolation threshold.
Melatonin as a powerful antioxidant
Authors: Chrustek Agnieszka , Olszewska-Słonina Dorota 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Melatonin is a hormone that has many body functions and, for several decades, its antioxidant potential has been increasingly talked about. There is a relationship between failure in melatonin production in the pineal gland, an insufficient supply of this hormone to the body, and the occurrence of free radical etiology diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and others. Despite the development of molecular biology, numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, the exact mechanism of melatonin antioxidant activity is still unknown. Nowadays, the use of melatonin supplementation is more and more common, not only to prevent insomnia, but also to slow down the aging process and provide protection against diseases. The aim of this study is to get acquainted with current reports on melatonin, antioxidative mechanisms and their importance in diseases of free radical etiology.
Ilex paraguariensis extract as an alternative to pain medications
Authors: Nowacki Luciana C. , Stechman-Neto José , Schiefer Elberth M. , Santos Andressa F. , Stinghen Andréa E. M. , Sassaki Guilherme L. , De Souza Lauro M. , Cristoff Killian E. , De Souza Wesley M. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Pain is a common and distressing symptom of many diseases and its clinical treatment generally involves analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs. This study evaluated the toxicity of Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil. (Aquifoliaceae) aqueous extract (leaves, petioles and branches) and its performance in a nociceptive response. Hepatotoxicity, psycho-stimulant test and evaluation of enzyme markers for liver damage were also tested. Chromatographic analysis by UPLC-MS demonstrated a series of isomeric monocaffeoylquinic acids, isomers of dicaffeoylquinic acid, flavonol glycosides, and saponins. Phase I and II of nociception were obtained for meloxicam, dexamethasone and aqueous Ilex paraguariensis extract. Ilex paraguariensis extract concentration was negatively correlated (R = –0.887) with alanine aminotransferase (p < 0.05) in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity test, indicating hepatoprotective activity of this extract. Ilex paraguariensis extract also presented analgesic properties equivalent to drugs that already have proven efficacy. Notably, the administration of multiple doses of Ilex paraguariensis extract was considered safe from the therapeutic point of view.
Influence of scarification method on seed germination of the terrestrial orchid Anacamptis laxiflora (Lam.)
Authors: Deconninck Gwenaëlle , Gerakis Argyrios 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A critical step during in vitro sexual propagation of terrestrial orchids is the treatment of the microscopic seeds with a disinfecting solution that kills bacteria and fungi attached to the seeds. This treatment is necessary to prevent infection of the culture vessels. At the same time, the treatment serves to scarify the seeds, a process that disrupts seed dormancy and initiates germination. The literature is inconclusive with respect to the proper combination of disinfecting solution strength and treatment duration. Both factors should be adapted to each species to guarantee minimal infection rate without damaging the embryo. This research aims to compare three disinfection/scarification methods for seeds of Anacamptis laxiflora (Lam.): (i) soaking in 0.5% NaClO, (ii) soaking in 0.5% NaClO, then centrifugation, and (iii) presoaking the seeds in sucrose solution, then soaking in 0.5% NaClO. The seeds were soaked in the disinfecting solution for 5 to 85 min. Following scarification, the seeds were sown in modified Malmgren nutrient medium. Infected and germinated vessels were counted at 41 and 189 d after sowing. We found that the longer the chemical treatment, the lower the infection rate, and the higher the germination rate. There was no significant difference in germination rate between the NaClO and the NaClO-plus-centrifugation method; in fact, the slight savings in disinfection time effected by centrifugation were more than offset by the added complexity of the method. Moreover, we found that centrifugation significantly delays germination. The sucrose presoak-plus-NaClO method was superior to plain NaClO, as the sucrose stimulates the germination of microbial spores on the surface of the seeds, making them easier to kill. Perhaps seeds with thicker testa as well as whole immature capsules could benefit even more from the pretreatment in sucrose solution.
Comparison of deep learning and conventional machine learning methods for classification of colon polyp types
Authors: Doğan Refika Sultan , Yılmaz Bülent 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDetermination of polyp types requires tissue biopsy during colonoscopy and then histopathological examination of the microscopic images which tremendously time-consuming and costly. The first aim of this study was to design a computer-aided diagnosis system to classify polyp types using colonoscopy images (optical biopsy) without the need for tissue biopsy. For this purpose, two different approaches were designed based on conventional machine learning (ML) and deep learning. Firstly, classification was performed using random forest approach by means of the features obtained from the histogram of gradients descriptor. Secondly, simple convolutional neural networks (CNN) based architecture was built to train with the colonoscopy images containing colon polyps. The performances of these approaches on two (adenoma & serrated vs. hyperplastic) or three (adenoma vs. hyperplastic vs. serrated) category classifications were investigated. Furthermore, the effect of imaging modality on the classification was also examined using white-light and narrow band imaging systems. The performance of these approaches was compared with the results obtained by 3 novice and 4 expert doctors. Two-category classification results showed that conventional ML approach achieved significantly better than the simple CNN based approach did in both narrow band and white-light imaging modalities. The accuracy reached almost 95% for white-light imaging. This performance surpassed the correct classification rate of all 7 doctors. Additionally, the second task (three-category) results indicated that the simple CNN architecture outperformed both conventional ML based approaches and the doctors. This study shows the feasibility of using conventional machine learning or deep learning based approaches in automatic classification of colon types on colonoscopy images.
Recent Advances in 3D Printing of Polyhydroxyalkanoates: A Review
Authors: Kovalcik Adriana 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In the 21st century, additive manufacturing technologies have gained in popularity mainly due to benefits such as rapid prototyping, faster small production runs, flexibility and space for innovations, non-complexity of the process and broad affordability. In order to meet diverse requirements that 3D models have to meet, it is necessary to develop new 3D printing technologies as well as processed materials. This review is focused on 3D printing technologies applicable for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). PHAs are thermoplastics regarded as a green alternative to petrochemical polymers. The 3D printing technologies presented as available for PHAs are selective laser sintering and fused deposition modeling. Stereolithography can also be applied provided that the molecular weight and functional end groups of the PHA are adjusted for photopolymerization. The chemical and physical properties primarily influence the processing of PHAs by 3D printing technologies. The intensive research for the fabrication of 3D objects based on PHA has been applied to fulfil criteria of rapid and customized prototyping mainly in the medical area.
Local Identity or Economic Benefits? The Municipal Splits in the Czech Republic
Authors: Lysek Jakub 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper studies 38 splits that occurred between 1995 and 2020 in the Czech Republic. Although the initial splits, that took place during the time of democratic transition, were driven by perceived local identity and the historical memory of being a former independent municipality, the splits after 1995 were predominantly driven by economic factors, be it objective underinvestment and a perceived grievance that the mother municipality was not taking care of its fringe parts. In all cases, the mother municipality had failed to communicate with the initiator of a referendum. However, if the central municipality invested in its parts and its political leaders communicated with its citizens, the municipality did not lose its part despites the attempts of secessionist leaders.
Physical activity and cancer risk. Actual knowledge and possible biological mechanisms
Authors: Jurdana Mihaela 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Scientific evidence has shown that an increase in regular physical activity is associated with a decrease in the development of many types of cancer. Potential mechanisms that link physical activity to reduced cancer risk include a decrease in systemic inflammation, hyperinsulinemia, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I), sex hormones, pro-inflammatory leptin and other obesity-related cytokines, and a significant increase in anti-inflammatory adiponectin levels. In addition, physical activity improves immune function and the composition and diversity of the gastrointestinal microbiota. Moderate physical activity is important for cancer protection, but the most significant changes in the inflammatory profile are conferred by physical activity performed at higher intensities. Thus, there is a need for further investigation into the type, intensity, and duration of physical activity for the prevention of some types of cancer and the development of effective recommendations.

Conclusions
There is a strong evidence that physical activity of moderate to vigorous intensity protects against colon and breast cancer, and probably against cancer at all other sites.
Trends in population-based cancer survival in Slovenia
Authors: Zadnik Vesna , Zagar Tina , Lokar Katarina , Tomsic Sonja , Konjevic Amela Duratovic , Zakotnik Branko 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
The aim of our study was to describe the survival of Slovenian cancer patients diagnosed in the last twenty years. An insight is given into the improvement made in different cancer types, population groups and prognostic factors.

Materials and methods
The principal data source was the population-based Slovenian Cancer Registry. The survival analysis included patients diagnosed with cancer in twenty years period from 1997 to 2016, which has been divided into four consecutive five-year periods. In addition, the analysis was stratified by cancer type, gender, age and stage. The survival was estimated using net survival calculated by the Pohar-Perme method and the complete approach has been applied.

Results
The survival of Slovenian cancer patients has been increasing over time. During the 20 years observed, five-year net survival increased by 11 percentage points. Significantly higher growth was observed in men. Age and stage at diagnosis are still crucial for the survival of cancer patients. Five-year net survival is lowest in those over 75 years of age at diagnosis but has also improved by seven percentage points over the past 20 years. The five-year net survival of patients in the localized stage increased by ten percentage points over the 20 years under observation. Survival of patients in the distant stage has not been improving. In both sexes, survival for melanoma, colorectal and lung cancers have increased significantly over the last 20 years. Progress has also been made in the two most common gender specific cancers: breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in men. Still, the significant progress in prostate cancer is probably mostly due to lead-time bias as during the study period, Slovenia used indiscriminate PSA testing, which probably artificially prolonged survival.

Conclusions
The survival of Slovenian cancer patients has been increasing over time, which gives us a basis and an incentive for future improvements. To monitor the effectiveness of managing the cancer epidemic, the cancer burden needs to be monitored also in the future, using quality data and scientifically justified methodological approaches. In this process a well organised population-based cancer registries should play a key role.
AKTUALISASI NILAI FILOSOFI TRI HITA KARANA DI LEMBAGA PERKREDITAN DESA (LPD) KESIMAN
Authors: Wijaya I Gede Wisnu Darma , Suryanata I Gusti Ngurah Putra 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali perwujudan nilai filosofi Tri Hita Karana. Studi kasus dilakukan di Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) Kesiman. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian dilakukan wawancara dengan informan untuk memahami aktualisasi nilai filosofi Tri Hita Karana. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dalam empat langkah: pengumpulan data (data collection), reduksi data (data reduction), penyajian data (data display) dan penarikan/penyajian kesimpulan (conclusion drawing/verification). Uji keabsahan data dalam penelitian kualitatif ini meliputi uji kredibilitas (credibility), triangulasi data, member check, confirmability (objektivitas) data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: Pertama, Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) Kesiman telah menjadi lembaga keuangan yang berdampak positif terhadap perilaku desa adat Kesiman yang meningkatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi dan sosial. Kedua, Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) Kasiman memahami nilai filosofi Tri Hita Karana dan menggunakannya sebagai dasar operasional lembaga bagi masyarakat sekitar. Ketiga, Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) Kesiman dapat konsisten melayani masyarakat melalui nilai Tri Hita Karana (yaitu Parahyangan, Pawongan dan Palemahan) untuk mewujudkan nilai filosofi dari Tri Hita Karana.
Gerak Robot Berkaki Dua menggunakan ROS dan RViz sebagai Visualisasi Interaktif
Authors: SUCIPTO ADI , DEWANTO RADEN SANGGAR , PRAMADIHANTO DADET 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAKPengembangan sistem operasi pada bidang robotika telah menjadi fokus utama pada era ini. Salah satu perkembangan sistem operasi pada teknologi robot saat ini adalah Robot Operating System (ROS) dengan RViz. ROS merupakan sistem operasi berbasis library dan beberapa tools untuk mengembangkan suatu program pada robot, sedangkan RViz merupakan visualisasi tiga dimensi yang dapat digunakan untuk memvisualisasikan robot dan data sensor dynamixel. Pada Penelitian kali ini, peneliti membuat simulasi beberapa gerakan yang dilakukan pada RViz dan kemudian diimplementasikan pada robot. Tingkat keberhasilan dari perencanaan gerakan ini memiliki rata rata error sebesar 1.8%. Gerakan condong ke kiri memiliki rata-rata error sebesar 0.83%. Gerakan condong ke kanan memiliki rata-rata error sebesar 0.84%. Gerakan mengangkat satu kaki memiliki rata-rata error sebesar 1.71%. Gerakan kaki kanan ke depan memiliki rata-rata error sebesar 3.83%.Kata kunci: Robot Berkaki Dua, Robot Operating System (ROS), RViz (rosvisualization), Dynamixel Controller, Data Sensor Dynamixel. ABSTRACTThe development of operating systems in the field of robotics has become the main focus of this era. One of the operating system developments in robot technology today is the Robot Operating System (ROS) with RViz. ROS is a library-based operating system and several tools for developing a program on robots, while RVIZ is a three-dimensional visualization that can be used to visualize robots and dynamixel sensor data. In this study, researchers made a simulation of some of the movements carried out on RViz and then implemented on robots. The success rate of planning this movement has an average error of 1.8%. Leaning to the left has an average error of 0.83%. Leaning to the right has an average error of 0.84%. One leg lift has an average error of 1.71%. The movement of the right foot forward has an average error of 3.83%.Keywords: Biped Robot, Robot Operating System (ROS), RViz (Ros-Visualization), Dynamixel Controller, Sensor Dynamixel Data.
ROLE OF HANDICRAFT SECTOR IN THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF UTTAR PRADESH
Authors: Kumar Singh Anoop , Fatima Sumbul 
Published: January 2021

Handicraft Sector is one of the emerging sectors playing a very important role in the economic development of Uttar Pradesh. The country full of colors has great opportunities in the economic growth and development as each and every one has the capacity as well as the capability to do something creative by his or her inherent talent. India is also known for its great contribution towards exports from the handicraft sector towards the foreign world. The growth potential of U.P. is that it is one of the fastest developing states in India and how handicraft sector possesses opportunities which can help in the economic development of the state and therefore it requires a great amount of support from the government to be fully equipped and developed. Since this sector is labour intensive, it gives a great deal of employment opportunities as well as key to further enhancement of living standard and thus bringing in more positive impact on economic development of the state. In order to boost up the exports of handicrafts from U.P. the government has set up special economic zones. Therefore this paper is an attempt to look into the emerging opportunities for growth through this sector in Uttar Pradesh and what measures could be taken upon so as to tap the untapped growth in the sector.
RISK TAKING BEHAVIOR AND MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS OF ISLAMIC BANKS PROFITABILITY IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohamad Mohammad Taqiuddin , Muhamad Husni Hasbulah , Razali Mohd Izuan 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine the profitability indicators of full-fledged Malaysia Islamic explored in 1994-2013.
Design/methodology/approach:The return on assets (ROA) is used asprofitability measures to determine the effect of Risk Taking Behavior, transmission of monetary policy and macroeconomic conditions indicators on profitability.The descriptive, correlation and panel regression analysis results are derived with the help of Limdep 9.0 software.
Findings:The retained profit, return on equity, money supply and economic growth establish positive and significant relation with profitability models. Otherwise, the highest credit risk taking and loan loss provision lead tolower profitability measured by return on assets (ROA).
Originality/value:The main objective of the study is providing empirical evidence on indicators of profitability in case of seventeen full-fledged Malaysia Islamic Bank to fill a demanding gap in the literature.
A CONTENT DISCLOSURE AND TEXT IDENTIFICATION BASED ON ROAD-LEVEL SYMBOLISM USING TCH ALGORITHM
Authors: R Ramya , K. R Vinothini , Manikandan  
Published: January 2021

Image enhancement is a process of improving the quality of image by improving its feature. Image contrast enrichment techniques have been largely studied in the past decades. Traffic sign disclosure and realization has been fully prepared for a great past. Traffic board detection and text recognition still leaving a protest in computer view due to its various group and the vast changeability of the data illustrated in them. The essential function can be to make an automated index of the traffic panels placed in a road to holding its care and to aid drivers. Then the figure are defined as a “bag of visual words” and restricted to applying support vector machines. Completely our own text detection and recognition method is tested on those images where a traffic board has been disclosure in system to naturally read and save the data details in the panels. Leading driver aid scheme could also use from text recognition for automated traffic signs and panels description. This visual appearance categorization method is a new approach for traffic panel detection in the state of the art. We propose a language model partly based on a dynamic dictionary for a limited geographical area using a reverse geocoding service. Experimental results on real images from Google Street View prove the efficiency of the proposed method and give way to using street-level images for different applications on ITS.