bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional and taxonomic responses of tropical moth communities to deforestation
Authors: Correa‐Carmona Yenny , Rougerie Rodolphe , Arnal Pierre , Ballesteros‐Mejia Liliana , Beck Jan , Dolédec Sylvain , Ho Chris , Kitching Ian J. , Lavelle Patrick , Le Clec'h Solen , Lopez‐Vaamonde Carlos , Martins Marlúcia B. , Murienne Jérôme , Oszwald Johan , Ratnasingham Sujeevan , Decaëns Thibaud 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Global insect decline has recently become a cause for major concern, particularly in the tropics where the vast majority of species occurs. Deforestation is suggested as being a major driver of this decline, but how anthropogenic changes in landscape structure affect tropical insect communities has rarely been addressed.
We sampled Saturniidae and Sphingidae moths on 27 farms located in Brazilian Amazonia (Pará state) and characterised by different deforestation histories. We used functional traits (forewing length, body mass, wing load, trophic niche breadth and resource use strategy), analysed by combining RLQ and null model analyses, to investigate the responses of their taxonomic and functional diversity to landscape change dynamics and current structure.
We found that communities had a higher proportion of large and polyphagous species with low wing load in landscapes with low forest quality and relative cover and high land use turnover. This was mainly due to a significant response to deforestation by saturniids, whereas the more mobile sphingids showed no significant landscape‐related pattern. We also observed an overall increase of species richness and functional dispersion in landscapes that have been deforested for a long time when compared with more recent agricultural settlements.
Our results highlight the complex way in which landscape structure and historical dynamics interact to shape Neotropical moth communities and that saturniid moths respond clearly to the structure of the surrounding landscape, confirming their potential use as an indicator group for environmental monitoring programmes.
Research gaps and new insights in the evolution of Drosophila seminal fluid proteins
Authors: Hurtado Juan , Almeida Francisca Cunha , Belliard Silvina Anahí , Revale Santiago , Hasson Esteban 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWhile the striking effects of seminal fluid proteins (SFPs) on females are fairly conserved among Diptera, most SFPs lack detectable homologues among the SFP repertoires of phylogenetically distant species. How such a rapidly changing proteome conserves functions across taxa is a fascinating question. However, this and other pivotal aspects of SFPs' evolution remain elusive because discoveries on these proteins have been mainly restricted to the model Drosophila melanogaster. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the inter‐specific divergence of the SFP repertoire in Drosophila and compile the increasing amount of relevant genomic information from multiple species. Capitalizing on the accumulated knowledge in D. melanogaster, we present novel sets of high‐confidence SFP candidates and transcription factors presumptively involved in regulating the expression of SFPs. We also address open questions by performing comparative genomic analyses that failed to support the existence of many conserved SFPs shared by most dipterans and indicated that gene co‐option is the most frequent mechanism accounting for the origin of Drosophila SFP‐coding genes. We hope our update establishes a starting point to integrate further data and thus widen the understanding of the intricate evolution of these proteins.
Research Review: Language and specific learning disorders in children and their co‐occurrence with internalizing and externalizing problems: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Donolato Enrica , Cardillo Ramona , Mammarella Irene C. , Melby‐Lervåg Monica 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundSome studies suggest that children with language and learning disorders (LLDs) show more internalizing and externalizing problems than their peers. However, the available evidence remains inconsistent, especially regarding the conditions under which these psychological problems occur.MethodsWe performed a meta‐analysis of studies comparing children with LLDs and controls on internalizing (53 independent samples, 135 effect sizes) and externalizing problems (37 independent samples, 61 effect sizes) separately.ResultsChildren with LLDs showed higher internalizing (Hedges’ g = 0.36) and externalizing problems (Hedges’ g = 0.42) than controls did. The group standardized difference in internalizing problems was moderated by the primary disorder, with children with language disorders showing more internalizing problems than those with reading disorders. The severity of the primary disorder, IQ, and age did not moderate Hedge’s g between children with LLDs and controls in internalizing and externalizing outcomes. The same pattern was found for gender as a moderator of Hedge’s g in internalizing problems, while findings for externalizing problems were inconclusive. The results were consistent when methodological variables were assessed, also for informant, sample size, and geographical area. Clinical samples with LLDs reported higher internalizing problems respect to those with difficulties, but findings on externalizing outcomes were limited. Similarly, results on the presence of additional symptoms in learning and language, self‐concept, and socioeconomic status were inconclusive, as few studies reported this information. Results were robust when publication bias, publication year, and study quality were assessed.ConclusionsThere is evidence that children with LLDs report higher internalizing and externalizing problems than controls do. Children with language disorders seemed more vulnerable to report more internalizing problems, and clinical samples reported higher problems than those with difficulties. For clinical practice, assessment and interventions should target socioemotional skills to support the psychological well‐being of children with LLDs.
Velocity Optimization and Robust Energy Management of Connected Power-Split Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Authors: Sotoudeh Seyedeh Mahsa , HomChaudhuri Baisravan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper focuses on an eco-driving-based hierarchical robust energy management strategy for connected and automated hybrid electric vehicles in the presence of uncertainty. The proposed control strategy includes a velocity optimizer, which evaluates the optimal vehicle velocity, and a powertrain energy manager, which evaluates the optimal power split between the engine and the battery in a hierarchical framework. The velocity optimizer accounts for regenerative braking and minimizes the total driving power and friction braking over a short control horizon. The hierarchical powertrain energy manager employs a long- and short-term strategy where it first approximately solves its problem over a long time horizon (the whole trip time in this paper) using the traffic data obtained from vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) connectivity. This is followed by a short-term decision maker that utilizes the velocity optimizer and long-term solution, and solves the energy management problem over a relatively short time horizon using robust model predictive control (MPC) methods to factor in any uncertainty in the velocity profile due to uncertain traffic. We solve the long-term energy management problem using pseudo-spectral optimal control method, and the short-term problem using robust tube-based MPC method. Simulation results with standard driving cycle velocity profile and real-world traffic data show the competence of our proposed approach. Our proposed co-optimization approach with long- and short-term solution results in ≈12% more energy efficiency than a baseline co-optimization approach.
Performance, Combustion, and Emission Characteristics of a Common Rail Direct Injection Diesel Engine Fueled by Diesel/n-Amyl Alcohol Blends With Exhaust Gas Recirculation Technique
Authors: Ramachander Jatoth , Gugulothu Santhosh Kumar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBiofuels are considered as one of the best viable and inexhaustible alternatives to conventional diesel fuel. Alcohols have become very important and popular in the present scenario due to their peculiar fuel properties and production nature. This study examines the effect of n-amyl alcohol and exhaust gas recirculation of 10% and 20% on various engine characteristics of common rail direct injection (CRDI) compression ignition engine. The proportion of n-amyl alcohol varies from 5% to 25% in 5% step (by volume). The obtained results show that diesel/n-amyl alcohol blends decrease the mean gas temperature and cylinder pressure, which is 1.88% and 4.25% less at 75% load for n-amyl alcohol (25%) with conventional diesel fuel. The duration of combustion has shown a hike of 4.66 °CA for 25% n-amyl alcohol (at 75% load) compared to conventional diesel fuel. However, the cumulative heat release rate improved by 12.95% higher for 25% n-amyl alcohol at 75% load due to the extended delay in ignition. While n-amyl alcohol was used, the emission of nitrogen oxide emissions decreased considerably. However, the hydrocarbon (HC) (7–9%) and carbon monoxide (CO) (6–8%) emissions are increased due to inferior fuel properties like high latent heat evaporation of n-amyl alcohol. Compared with other blends, n-amyl alcohol (5%) produced results comparable to conventional diesel fuel, which is 3.6% higher in BSFC, 2.37% higher BTE, and 33.33% higher CO emissions 18.18% more in HC emission, and 17.55% less NOx emission. Without further modification, we can use 25% n-amyl alcohol in the combustion ignition engines. From this evidence, we can summarize that n-amyl alcohol is a biofuel that is both renewable and sustainable, and also it considerably reduces harmful nitrogen oxide emissions. The performance, if needed, can be improved by changing the parameters of the engine.
Application of Socialist Economy for National Independence
Authors: Saputra Alfath Azizi 
Published: November 2021

Sistem ekonomi sosialis merupakan bentuk resistensi dari sistem ekonomi kapitalis yang dituding sebagai penyebab tidak tercapainya kesejahteraan yang merata. Ia adalah kebalikan dari sistem ekonomi kapitalis yang sepenuhnya menyerahkan siklus ekonomi pada mekanisme pasar yang berkembang. Sistem ekonomi sosialis mempunyai tujuan kemakmuran bersama, filosofi ekonomi sosialis adalah bagaimana mendapatkan kesejahteraan, perkembangan sosialisme dimulai dari kritik terhadap kapitalisme yang pada waktu itu kam kapitalis atau kam borjuis mendapat legitimasi gereja untuk mengeksploitasi buruh. Dengan mengunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dapat di simpulkan bahwa sistem ekonomi sosialis merupakan solusi terhadap gap yang ditimbulkan kapitalis, sistem sosialis juga memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan. Kekurangan tersebutlah yang menjadikan sistem sosialis tidak bertahan lama.
Land Ownership In Islamic Perspective As Percieved By The Selected Land Owners Of Coconut Plantations In Malabang, Lanao Del Sur
Authors: Diamaoden Arsalan A , Camama Marwah M. , Abdulhakim Haimanah R. , Ramos-Minodar Wedad U. , Salih Zahiya B. Hadji 
Published: November 2021

Islam is a practical religion where it does not stop at laying down certain principles. As in the case of land ownership, Islam ordained a system which provides people, both individual and social ownership rights are addressed equally. This paper attempts to examine the impact of Islamic principles on the values and practices of some Mёranaw land owners in Malabang, Lanao del Sur. This is also to find out the depth of awareness of the land owners regarding ownership and management from the Islamic perspective. The study aimed to further raise the awareness that Islam is not just a religion which calls for peace, but also aimed to address the needs of humanity with its spiritual, moral, economic and social systems.
The researchers used a qualitative research using the narrative approach. Field-based research was undertaken from focused group discussion, ocular visits to the area and personal interviews with the informants, including land owners, descendants, managers, and tenants. The general finding of the research concludes the land owners were aware that private ownership of land and property is not ‘absolute’ right rather it is a form of trusteeship given by God. And, there is a significant correlation between religion and values. Thus, the influence of religion on land ownership and management has a great impact on shaping the beliefs and practices of the land owners which resulted peace within the community.
Development and Validation of Teacher Made Science Workbook of Grade 8 Students in the Philippines
Authors: Inocencio Bernard T. , Calimlim Adelia C. 
Published: November 2021

Science teaching in the 21st century society is a challenge but with the aid of effective and appropriate instructional materials, student learning is enhanced. This descriptive research sought to test and validate the teacher-made Science workbook in Grade 8. A conceptual test in Science was used to assess the level of proficiency of students and served as the basis for the development of the instructional material. Meanwhile, a researcher-made evaluation tool was used to assess the developed material’s usefulness.
Results revealed that the students’ performance in Science before the use of the teacher-made workbook is Fairly Satisfactory based on the pretest mean. Meanwhile, their performance in Science after the use of the teacher-made workbook is Very Satisfactory based on the post-test mean. The study concludes that there is a significant difference in the students’ performance in Science before and after the use of the teacher-made Science workbook. Likewise, there is a low positive significant relationship between the second quarter academic grades and pretest scores and a negligible negative significant relationship between the third quarter academic grades and post-test scores.
The study recommends that performance tasks, written works, and quarterly exam, may be considered as variables of academic performance in further investigation. The developed workbook can be used by Grade 8 Science teachers to enhance students’ performance in the subject and can be a good tool in developing students’ scientific literacy. The teacher-made Grade 8 Science workbook can also be used by teachers as a supplementary material in the K to 12 Curriculum.
Targeted Delivery of Electrical Shocks and Epinephrine, Guided by Ventricular Fibrillation Amplitude Spectral Area, Reduces Electrical and Adrenergic Myocardial Burden, Improving Survival in Swine
Authors: Aiello Salvatore R. , Mendelson Jenna B. , Baetiong Alvin , Radhakrishnan Jeejabai , Gazmuri Raúl J. 
Published: November 2021

Background
We previously reported that resuscitation delivering electrical shocks guided by real‐time ventricular fibrillation amplitude spectral area (AMSA) enabled return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) with fewer shocks, resulting in less myocardial dysfunction. We now hypothesized that AMSA could also guide delivery of epinephrine, expecting further outcome improvement consequent to less electrical and adrenergic burdens.

Methods and Results

A swine model of ventricular fibrillation was used to compare after 10 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation a guidelines‐driven (n=8) resuscitation protocol, delivering shocks every 2 minutes and epinephrine every 4 minutes, with an AMSA‐driven shocks (n=8) protocol, delivering epinephrine every 4 minutes, and with an AMSA‐driven shocks and epinephrine (ADSE; n=8) protocol. For guidelines‐driven, AMSA‐driven shocks, and ADSE protocols, the time to ROSC (mean±SD) was 569±164, 410±111, and 400±80 seconds (
P
=0.045); the number of shocks (mean±SD) was 5±2, 3±1, and 3±2 (
P
=0.024) with ADSE fewer than guidelines‐driven (
P
=0.03); and the doses of epinephrine (median [interquartile range]) were 2.0 (1.3–3.0), 1.0 (1.0–2.8), and 1.0 (0.3–3.0) (
P
=0.419). The ROSC rate was similar, yet survival after ROSC favored AMSA‐driven protocols (guidelines‐driven, 3/6; AMSA‐driven shocks, 6/6; and ADSE, 7/7;
P
=0.019 by log‐rank test). Left ventricular function and survival after ROSC correlated inversely with electrical burden (ie, cumulative unsuccessful shocks, J/kg;
P
=0.020 and
P
=0.046) and adrenergic burden (ie, total epinephrine doses, mg/kg;
P
=0.042 and
P
=0.002).

Conclusions
Despite similar ROSC rates achieved with all 3 protocols, AMSA‐driven shocks and ADSE resulted in less postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction and better survival, attributed to attaining ROSC with less electrical and adrenergic myocardial burdens.
Implementation of web-based open-source radiotherapy delineation software (WORDS) in organs at risk contouring training for newly qualified radiotherapists: quantitative comparison with conventional one-to-one coaching approach
Authors: Yuen Adams Hei Long , Li Alex Kai Leung , Mak Philip Chung Yin , Leung Hin Lap 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Due to the role expansion of radiotherapists in dosimetric aspect, radiotherapists have taken up organs at risk (OARs) contouring work in many clinical settings. However, training of newly qualified radiotherapists in OARs contouring can be time consuming, it may also cause extra burden to experienced radiotherapists. As web-based open-source radiotherapy delineation software (WORDS) has become more readily available, it has provided a free and interactive alternative to conventional one-to-one coaching approach during OARs contouring training. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of WORDS in training OARs contouring skills of newly qualified radiotherapists, compared to those trained by conventional one-to-one coaching approach.

Methods
Nine newly qualified radiotherapists (licensed in 2017 – 2018) were enrolled to the conventional one-to-one coaching group (control group), while 11 newly qualified radiotherapists (licensed in 2019 – 2021) were assigned to WORDS training group (measured group). Ten OARs were selected to be contoured in this 3-phases quantitative study. Participants were required to undergo phase 1 OARs contouring in the beginning of the training session. Afterwards, conventional one-to-one training or WORDS training session was provided to participants according to their assigned group. Then the participants did phase 2 and 3 OARs contouring which were separated 1 week apart. Phase 1 – 3 OARs contouring aimed to demonstrate participants’ pre-training OARs contouring ability, post-training OARs contouring ability and knowledge retention after one-week interval respectively using either training approach. To prevent bias, the computed tomography dataset for OARs contouring in each phase were different. Variations in the contouring scores for the selected OARs were evaluated between 3 phases using Kruskal-Wallis tests with Dunn tests for pairwise comparisons. Variations in the contouring scores between control and measured group in phase 1 – 3 contouring were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. A p-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results
In both control group and measured group, significant improvement (p < 0.05) in phase 2 and 3 contouring scores have been observed comparing to phase 1 contouring scores. In comparison of contouring scores between control group and measured group, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in all OARs between both groups.

Conclusions
The results in this study have demonstrated that the outcome of OARs contouring training using WORDS is comparable to the conventional training approach. In addition, WORDS can offer flexibility to newly qualified radiotherapists to practice OARs contouring at will, as well as reduce staff training burden of experienced radiotherapists.
Genotype diversity of Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae in Chinese swine herds based on multilocus sequence typing
Authors: Zhang Hui , Wang Yuanyuan , Gao Lu , Wang Yan , Wei Rong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Between 2018 and 2020, 989 clinical specimens from pigs showing clinical signs of a variety of swine diseases in 27 provinces in China were sampled and submitted for further testing. Nested PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and subsequent sequencing were used to analyse these specimens. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-positive samples were assayed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The aim of the study was to reveal the distribution of M. hyopneumoniae and determine the genotypes of M. hyopneumoniae in pig herds in China based on MLST.

Results
Among these 989 samples, 199 samples were M. hyopneumoniae-positive. The M. hyopneumoniae positivity rate was 7.2% (35/494) in 2018, 18.4% (38/207) in 2019, and 43.8% (126/288) in 2020. In total, 47 samples were successfully assayed by MLST. Sixteen new M. hyopneumoniae sequence types from 9 provinces were recorded in the present study.

Conclusions
This is the first report on sample positivity rates and molecular typing results for M. hyopneumoniae in swine herds in China. MLST has revealed high genotype diversity among M. hyopneumoniae from different provinces of China.
The association of parental involvement with adolescents’ well-being in Oman: evidence from the 2015 Global School Health Survey
Authors: Baig Tehniyat , Ganesan Gowrii S. , Ibrahim Hania , Yousuf Wajiha , Mahfoud Ziyad R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The parent-adolescent relationship plays a key role in adolescent development, including behaviour, physical health, and mental health outcomes. Studies on the parental factors that contribute to an adolescent’s dietary habits, exercise, mental health, physical harm and substance use are limited in the Middle East and North Africa region, with none in Oman. This study aims to investigate the association between parental involvement and adolescent well-being in Oman.

Methods
Cross-sectional data from the 2015 Global School Health Survey for Oman was analysed. The dataset consisted of 3468 adolescents. Adolescents reported on their parental involvement (checking to see if they did their homework, understanding their problems, knowing what they are doing in their free time and not going through their things without permission). Parental involvement was scored on a 20-point scale. Associations with the following dependent variables: nutrition, exercise, hygiene, physical harm, bullying, substance use, tobacco use and mental health well-being were done using Spearman’s correlations, linear and logistic regressions.

Results
The surveyed population was 48% male, 65% aged 15 to 17 years old and 5% reported that they “most of the time or always” went hungry. Parental involvement was positively correlated with each of the dependent variables. Adolescents with higher parental involvement had significantly higher odds of good nutrition (1.391), hygiene (1.823) and exercise (1.531) and lower odds of physical harm (0.648), being bullied (0.628), poor mental health (0.415), tobacco use (0.496) and substance use (0.229).

Conclusions
Parental involvement plays a positive role in all aspects of adolescents’ well-being in Oman. Awareness campaigns and interventions aimed to help improve the well-being of adolescents should incorporate such positive role in their designs.