bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives of emergency department clinicians on the challenges of addressing low back pain in the emergency setting: A qualitative study
Authors: Davidson Simon RE , Bolsewicz Katarzyna , Kamper Steven J , Haskins Robin , Petkovic Dragan , Feenan Nicole , Smith Damien , O'Flynn Michael , Pallas Jeremy , Williams Christopher M 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo identify and explore ED clinician perspectives on: (i) why patients with low back pain (LBP) present to the ED and are admitted into hospital from ED; (ii) barriers and enablers they face when providing care to patients with LBP; and (iii) strategies to improve the care of patients with LBP, and associated care processes, in the ED.MethodsWe undertook a qualitative exploratory study with ED clinicians (medical officers, nurses and physiotherapists) at a tertiary‐level public hospital in New South Wales, Australia, using focus groups and individual interviews. We used thematic analysis to synthesise participant responses to answer the predefined research questions.ResultsTwenty‐one clinicians participated (two individual interviews, 19 focus groups). Perceptions about better access to the ED and advanced care within ED were thought to drive presentations to the ED for LBP. Barriers and enablers to optimal patient care included patient‐, clinician‐ and service‐level factors. The main strategies to improve care included a department LBP pathway, modernised patient and clinician resources, better follow‐up options post‐discharge and improved communication between ED and primary care.ConclusionWe identified a range of targets to improve LBP management in ED. Clinicians perceived internal and external factors to the ED as influences of ED presentation and hospital admission. Clinicians also reported that patient‐, clinician‐ and service‐level barriers and enablers influenced patient management in ED. Strategies suggested by clinicians included improved follow‐up options, access to resources and an ‘LBP pathway’ to support decision making.
Comparison of phytochemical profiles, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities in Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) fruits
Authors: Xia Wen , Gong Ersheng , Lin Yanyun , Li Tong , Lian Fengli , Zheng Bisheng , Liu Rui Hai 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHere, we examined the phytochemical profiles, antioxidant activity (AA), and antiproliferative activity (APA) of four Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) pulp extracts. They were found to be rich in total phenolics content (TPC; 186.45 ± 5.42 to 498.94 ± 8.25 mg of gallic acid equiv./100 g FW) and total flavonoids content (TFC; 126.28 ± 4.18 to 194.35 ± 12.03 mg of catechin equiv./100 g FW). For all varieties, the free flavonoid/phenolic/anthocyanin contents were higher than that the bound fractions. Wild pink bayberry (WPB) displayed the highest values of TPC and TFC, and also showed the highest total antioxidant activity (TAA) as revealed by peroxyl radical scavenging capacity (PSC) (451.47 ± 8.01 µmol Vit. C equiv./100 g FW), and free cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) (184.99 ± 6.11 µmol quercetin equiv./100 g FW, no PBS wash; 117.78 ± 2.34 µmol quercetin equiv./100 g FW, PBS wash) assays. Bayberry extracts had a marked reduction in the APA of HepG2 cells, and WPB exhibited the lowest EC50 (8.50 ± 0.83 mg/ml) value, which was probably associated with cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction.Practical ApplicationChinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) fruit is rich in natural phenolic compounds, which might be a functional ingredient in food and nutraceutical products. Our findings would provide a logical strategy to promote the comprehensive utilization of phenolics in bayberry fruit with both health and economy benefits.
Synergistic anti‐oxidative and antimicrobial effects of oat phenolic compounds and ascorbate palmitoyl on fish balls during cold storage
Authors: Shi Ranran , Li Yueqin , Liu Lianliang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of antioxidants on lipid stability of mackerel (Scomber japonicus) fish balls. Oat phenolic acid compounds (OPC) and ascorbate palmitoyl (AP) were used to prolong the shelf life of steamed mackerel fish balls. Fish balls were stored at 4°C for 21 days, and the total bacterial count, hardness, whiteness, water holding capacity (WHC), pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value were monitored regularly. The results indicated that OPC+AP composite as a biological preservative could significantly inhibit the increase of the total bacterial count. Meanwhile, OPC and AP could maintain better hardness, whiteness, and WHC of fish balls during refrigerated storage. Furthermore, OPC and AP slowed down the increase of TVB‐N and TBARS values. The results showed that OPC+AP had a synergistic effect on the storage time and could prolong the shelf life within the storage time. Adding OPC and AP was a promising strategy to improve the quality and shelf life of fish balls.Practical ApplicationThe research provided a new application of OPC and AP for improving fish balls quality and shelf life during cold storage (4°C). OPC is a natural plant secondary metabolite from oat which exhibits excellent anti‐oxidation. The research showed that OPC and AP combined with synergistic effect as biological preservatives can effectively inhibit the total bacterial count and reduce TBARS and TVB‐N value of fish balls during the shelf life and maintain the hardness, which improved the quality and shelf life of fish balls.
Unlocking inaccessible historical genomes preserved in formalin
Authors: Hahn Erin E. , Alexander Marina R. , Grealy Alicia , Stiller Jiri , Gardiner Donald M. , Holleley Clare E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMuseum specimens represent an unparalleled record of historical genomic data. However, the widespread practice of formalin preservation has thus far impeded genomic analysis of a large proportion of specimens. Limited DNA sequencing from formalin‐preserved specimens has yielded low genomic coverage with unpredictable success. We set out to refine sample processing methods and to identify specimen characteristics predictive of sequencing success. With a set of taxonomically diverse specimens collected between 1962 and 2006 and ranging in preservation quality, we compared the efficacy of several end‐to‐end whole genome sequencing workflows alongside a k‐mer‐based trimming‐free read alignment approach to maximize mapping of endogenous sequence. We recovered complete mitochondrial genomes and up to 3× nuclear genome coverage from formalin‐preserved tissues. Hot alkaline lysis coupled with phenol‐chloroform extraction out‐performed proteinase K digestion in recovering DNA, while library preparation method had little impact on sequencing success. The strongest predictor of DNA yield was overall specimen condition, which additively interacts with preservation conditions to accelerate DNA degradation. Here, we demonstrate a significant advance in capability beyond limited recovery of a small number of loci via PCR or target‐capture sequencing. To facilitate strategic selection of suitable specimens for genomic sequencing, we present a decision‐making framework that utilizes independent and nondestructive assessment criteria. Sequencing of formalin‐preserved specimens will contribute to a greater understanding of temporal trends in genetic adaptation, including those associated with a changing climate. Our work enhances the value of museum collections worldwide by unlocking genomes of specimens that have been disregarded as a valid molecular resource.
Population and reproductive structure in the endangered and highly endemic freshwater crab Aegla concepcionensis (Decapoda:Pleocyemata:Aeglidae) from Chile
Authors: Catchpole Sam , Barría Erwin M. , González Pablo S. , Rivera Reinaldo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPopulation and reproductive information of highly endemic species allow us to understand their underlying conservation problems. Aegla concepcionensis is restricted to a small and intervened Chilean basin, and its conservation status has varied from extinct in nature to endangered. We characterized their life history measuring population, morphological and environmental variables during an annual cycle capturing individuals with a catch and release method based on electroshocking. Although the maximum water temperature was related to the recruitment, it can be physiologically risky for the remaining macroinvertebrate community. The relationship between abundance and narrow pH variations indicates a condition of unstable equilibrium given the environmental deterioration by deforestation. Sex ratio was predominantly male biased during copulatory activity, and sexually dimorphic body size distributions supported the hypothesis of greater natural selection in females and sexual selection in males. The period of ovigerous females was comparatively restricted, late and consistent with an efficient ecophysiological strategy of reproductive investment. Patterns of pubertal moult, onset of morphometric maturity, absence of morphological differentiation in both sexes suggested that A. concepcionensis tends to maximize reproductive performance favouring the recovery of their relict populations.
Extraction, structural characterization, and physicochemical properties of polysaccharide from purple sweet potato
Authors: Yang Wenjian , Huang Gangliang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe polysaccharide from purple sweet potato (PPSP) was extracted. The structure was characterized and partial physicochemical properties were described of PPSP via UV, IR, NMR, XRD, DSC‐TGA, LDS, and Congo red assay. This study provided a theoretical basis for the in‐depth structural analysis of PPSP and the study of its biological activity.
Vertical and horizontal ridge augmentation using customized CAD/CAM titanium mesh with versus without resorbable membranes. A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Cucchi Alessandro , Vignudelli Elisabetta , Franceschi Debora , Randellini Emanuele , Lizio Giuseppe , Fiorino Antonino , Corinaldesi Giuseppe 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe aim was to evaluate the role of resorbable membranes applied over customized titanium meshes related to soft tissue healing and bone regeneration after vertical/horizontal bone augmentation.Materials and MethodsThirty patients with partial edentulism of the maxilla/mandible, with vertical/horizontal reabsorption of the alveolar bone, and needing implant‐supported restorations, were randomly divided into two groups: Group A was treated using only custom‐made meshes (Mesh‐) and Group B using custom‐made meshes with cross‐linked collagen membranes (Mesh+). Data collection included surgical/technical and healing complications, “pseudo‐periosteum” thickness, bone density, planned bone volume (PBV), regenerated bone volume (RBV), regeneration rate (RR), vertical bone gain (VBG), and implant survival in regenerated areas. Statistical analysis was performed between the two study groups using a significance level of α = .05.ResultsRegarding the healing complications, the noninferiority analysis proved to be inconclusive, despite the better results of group Mesh+ (13%) compared to group Mesh‐ (33%): estimated value −1.13 CI‐95% from −0.44 to 0.17. Superiority approach confirmed the absence of significant differences (p = .39). RBV was 803.27 mm3 and 843.13 mm3, respectively, and higher RR was observed in group Mesh+ (82.3%) compared to Mesh‐ (74.3%), although this value did not reach a statistical significance (p = .44). All 30 patients completed the study, receiving 71 implants; 68 out of them were clinically stable and in function.ConclusionThe results showed that customized meshes alone do not appear to be inferior to customized meshes covered by cross‐linked collagen membranes in terms of healing complication rates and regeneration rates, although superior results were observed in group Mesh+compared to group Mesh‐ for all variables.
Clinical performance of narrow‐diameter implants with hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces with mandibular implant overdentures: 1‐year results of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Bielemann Amália Machado , Schuster Alessandra Julie , Possebon Anna Paula da Rosa , Schinestsck André Ribeiro , Chagas‐Junior Otacílio Luiz , Faot Fernanda 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo compare peri‐implant clinical and radiographic parameters between hydrophilic and hydrophobic narrow dental implants in patients with mandibular implant overdentures for 1 year.Materials and MethodsIn a randomized, double‐blind, split‐mouth study with a 1‐year follow‐up, sixteen edentulous participants received two narrow‐diameter implants in the anterior mandibular region with 2 types of surfaces: hydrophobic (Neoporos surface, NS) and hydrophilic (Acqua surface, AS). During the osseointegration period and after loading with mandibular implant overdentures, the outcomes monitored were (i) peri‐implant health: early healing index (EHI), visible plaque index (VPI), calculus presence (CP), peri‐implant inflammation (PI), probing depth (PD), and bleeding on probing (BOP); (ii) implant stability quotient (ISQ), (iii) crestal bone loss (CBL) and bone level change (BLC); and (iv) implant success and survival rates.ResultsThe PD in NS implants decreased by 31.78% between 15 and 30 days, while a similar reduction (−31.28%) occurred in the 3rd month in the AS group. The ISQ also decreased significantly during the 1st month in both groups: −10.95% after 7 days in the NS group and −7.46% after 15 days in the AS group. At 12 months, statistically significant differences were not observed; however, the AS surface presented 50.6% smaller CBL and 41.3% smaller BLC values. The success and survival rates were 62.5% for AS implants and 87.5% for NS implants.ConclusionNarrow‐diameter implants with hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces loaded with mandibular implant overdentures showed no differences in peri‐implant healing, stability, and peri‐implant bone remodeling in the 1st year of follow‐up.
Integrating citizen‐science and planned‐survey data improves species distribution estimates
Authors: Zulian Viviane , Miller David A. W. , Ferraz Gonçalo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimMapping species distributions is a crucial but challenging requirement of wildlife management. The frequent need to sample vast expanses of potential habitat increases the cost of planned surveys and rewards accumulation of opportunistic observations. In this paper, we integrate planned‐survey data from roost counts with opportunistic samples from eBird, WikiAves and Xeno‐canto citizen‐science platforms to map the geographic range of the endangered Vinaceous‐breasted Parrot. We demonstrate the estimation and mapping of species occurrence based on data integration while accounting for specifics of each dataset, including observation technique and uncertainty about the observations.LocationArgentina, Brazil and Paraguay.MethodsOur analysis illustrates (a) the incorporation of sampling effort, spatial autocorrelation and site covariates in a joint‐likelihood, hierarchical, data integration model; (b) the evaluation of the contribution of each dataset, as well as the contribution of effort covariates, spatial autocorrelation and site covariates to the predictive ability of fitted models using a cross‐validation approach; and (c) how spatial representation of the latent occupancy state (i.e. realized occupancy) helps identify areas with high uncertainty that should be prioritized in future fieldwork.ResultsWe estimate a Vinaceous‐breasted Parrot geographic range of 434,670 km2, which is three times larger than the “Extant” area previously reported in the IUCN Red List. The exclusion of one dataset at a time from the analyses always resulted in worse predictions by the models of truncated data than by the Full Model, which included all datasets. Likewise, exclusion of spatial autocorrelation, site covariates or sampling effort resulted in worse predictions.Main conclusionsThe integration of different datasets into one joint‐likelihood model produced a more reliable representation of the species range than any individual dataset taken on its own, improving the use of citizen‐science data in combination with planned‐survey results.
A pastoral theology of immigration: Parish ministry at the intersection of Bible and newspaper
Authors: Zorn Henry 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFor Christians, the Bible is a source of truth that guides believers in daily life. Migration is a subject that is in the news almost daily. A Lutheran (ELCA) parish pastor offers his pastoral theology through insights and personal experience in navigating the intersection of the Bible and the newspaper. While the subject of migration is sensitive and hyper‐politicized, the gospel is a source of hope and provides a road map for blessed ministry with immigrants.
Interventions to improve physical function for children and young people with cerebral palsy: international clinical practice guideline
Authors: Jackman Michelle , Sakzewski Leanne , Morgan Catherine , Boyd Roslyn N , Brennan Sue E , Langdon Katherine , Toovey Rachel A M , Greaves Susan , Thorley Megan , Novak Iona 
Published: September 2021

AimTo provide recommendations for interventions to improve physical function for children and young people with cerebral palsy.MethodAn expert panel prioritized questions and patient‐important outcomes. Using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methods, the panel assessed the certainty of evidence and made recommendations, with international expert and consumer consultation.ResultsThe guideline comprises 13 recommendations (informed by three systematic reviews, 30 randomized trials, and five before–after studies). To achieve functional goals, it is recommended that intervention includes client‐chosen goals, whole‐task practice within real‐life settings, support to empower families, and a team approach. Age, ability, and child/family preferences need to be considered. To improve walking ability, overground walking is recommended and can be supplemented with treadmill training. Various approaches can facilitate hand use goals: bimanual therapy, constraint‐induced movement therapy, goal‐directed training, and cognitive approaches. For self‐care, whole‐task practice combined with assistive devices can increase independence and reduce caregiver burden. Participation in leisure goals can combine whole‐task practice with strategies to address environmental, personal, and social barriers.InterpretationIntervention to improve function for children and young people with cerebral palsy needs to include client‐chosen goals and whole‐task practice of goals. Clinicians should consider child/family preferences, age, and ability when selecting specific interventions.
Dynamics underlying auditory‐object‐boundary detection in primary auditory cortex
Authors: Dheerendra Pradeep , Barascud Nicolas , Kumar Sukhbinder , Overath Tobias , Griffiths Timothy D. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAuditory object analysis requires the fundamental perceptual process of detecting boundaries between auditory objects. However, the dynamics underlying the identification of discontinuities at object boundaries are not well understood. Here, we employed a synthetic stimulus composed of frequency‐modulated ramps known as ‘acoustic textures’, where boundaries were created by changing the underlying spectrotemporal statistics. We collected magnetoencephalographic (MEG) data from human volunteers and observed a slow (<1 Hz) post‐boundary drift in the neuromagnetic signal. The response evoking this drift signal was source localised close to Heschl's gyrus (HG) bilaterally, which is in agreement with a previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study that found HG to be involved in the detection of similar auditory object boundaries. Time–frequency analysis demonstrated suppression in alpha and beta bands that occurred after the drift signal.
How to keep up good appearances: Desire, imagination, and the good
Authors: Tooming Uku 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIt is not uncommon to think that having a desire involves taking its object to be good in some sense. This idea has been developed in two directions: either toward a view that understands the positive evaluation in terms of a judgment or belief or a view according to which the relevant evaluation is perception‐like. In this article, I defend a novel proposal that takes the positive evaluation of the object of desire to be a kind of imagining.
Diagnosis and management of sand enteropathy in the horse
Authors: Niinistö K. , Sykes B. W. 
Published: September 2021

SummarySand enteropathy is an important disease condition in the horse, particularly in geographically predisposed regions. The reasons why some horses eat sand, or why some horses accumulate sand when exposed and others do not are poorly understood. Weak evidence exists that deficiencies in iron or copper may play a role in geophagia, while factors such as the provision of supplemental feeding while at pasture, or the role of an individual animal within a herd hierarchy, may influence an individual animals’ disease risk. Diagnosis in the field is challenging. Current evidence does not support the use of the faecal glove sedimentation test for screening horses at risk of sand accumulation as it lacks both the sensitivity and specificity to accurately diagnose sand accumulation under field conditions. Instead, ultrasound is a useful screening test under field conditions, especially in ruling out sand accumulation. In contrast, ultrasound appears to be of limited value in the assessment of sand accumulations in acute disease and radiography remains the reference standard for diagnosis. Current evidence does not support the feeding of psyllium for the removal of sand accumulation. Instead, daily administration of psyllium and MgSO4, both at 1 g/kg bwt once a day via nasogastric tube, has been reported to be effective in removing the majority of sand accumulations over a 3–7 day period in a number of studies. Prevention remains challenging in horses at risk due to ongoing exposure to sandy pastures but, based on epidemiological evidence, small management changes may be beneficial in reducing disease risk.
Algorithmic literacy in medical students – results of a knowledge test conducted in Germany
Authors: Kampa Philipp , Balzer Felix 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe impact of algorithms on everyday life is ever increasing. Medicine and public health are not excluded from this development – algorithms in medicine do not only challenge, change and inform research (methods) but also clinical situations. Given this development, questions arise concerning the competency level of prospective physicians, thus medical students, on algorithm related topics. This paper, based on a master's thesis in library and information science written at Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, gives an insight into this topic by presenting and analysing the results of a knowledge test conducted among medical students in Germany.
10,000 steps a day? Activity trackers, health information literacy and the potential role of Information Science & Health Libraries
Authors: Imeri Aylin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAcknowledging the new ways in which activity tracking technologies (ATTs) such as Apple Watch, Fitbit and Garmin are changing the ways in which we understand human‐information interactions, Aylin Imeri calls for information science and health libraries to extend their health information literacy remit to support ATT user information needs.