bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting changes in cataract surgery health outcomes using a cataract surgery appropriateness and prioritization instrument
Authors: Lim Morgan E. , Minotti Simona C. , D’Silva Chelsea , Reid Robert J. , Schlenker Matthew B. , Ahmed Iqbal K. 
Published: January 2021

Objective
Determine whether items in a cataract surgery appropriateness and prioritization questionnaire can predict change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and health related quality of life (HRQOL) following cataract surgery.

Methods
313 patients with a cataract in Ontario, Canada were recruited to participate. BCVA was measured using the Snellen chart. HRQOL was measured using a generic instrument (EQ5D), a visual functioning instrument (Catquest-9SF), and an appropriateness and prioritization instrument (17 items). Outcomes were measured preoperatively and 3–6 months postoperatively. Descriptive statistics were used to describe demographics and outcomes. For each appropriateness and prioritization questionnaire item, a one-way ANOVA was used to compare group means of the change in BCVA, EQ5D, and Catquest-9SF.

Results
Participants had a mean age of 69 years and were 56% female. BCVA improved in 81%, EQ5D in 49.6%, and Catquest-9SF score in 84% of patients. Improvement in both BCVA and Catquest-9SF scores were found in 68.5% of patients. The ANOVA showed a statistically significant association between a change in BCVA and the ability to participate in social life, and a statistically significant association between a change in Catquest-9SF and glare, extent of impairment in visual function, safety and injury concerns, ability to work and care for dependents, ability to take care of local errands, ability to assist others and ability to participate in social life.

Conclusions
Almost all patients had improved BCVA and/or visual functioning after surgery. Seven variables from the cataract appropriateness and prioritization instrument were found to be predictors of improvement in Catquest-9SF measuring visual functioning.
A High-Throughput Forging Technique and Its Application in the Optimization of the Deformation Conditions
Authors: Hu Zhiqiang , Wang Kaikun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The high-throughput (HT) forging technique is introduced for speeding up the research on the forming property of materials. The core concept of the HT forging technology is to assign two influencing factors to multiple samples simultaneously. By se4tting gradients with different factors in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, all the samples will be forged at different deformations and HT experimentation will be achieved. HT forging equipment was designed and developed to accomplish the 5 by 6 HT experimentation by establishing a temperature gradient in the vertical direction and a strain or a strain rate gradient in the horizontal direction. A simplified experiment with 5CrNiMoV steel to verify the reliability and efficiency was carried out. Combined with the analysis of microstructure, the relatively excellent deformation condition for the steel was the temperature of 1,000°C and strain rate of 1s−1. For obtaining the optimum deformation condition, more specimens should be forged in the HT equipment. It evidenced that the HT forging technique and the HT equipment would be favorable for analyzing the property and optimize the forming process rapidly.
Dungeons, Dragons, and Music
Authors: Borecky Andrew 
Published: January 2021

Since 1974, Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) has existed on the fringes of popular culture alongside many other tabletop roleplaying games. In recent years, however, D&D and other RPGs have emerged at the forefront of gaming culture. The allure of fantasy and magic draws players into creating and roleplaying characters in a mediated fantasy space through social interaction. Though largely untheorized, Dungeons & Dragons has been examined through sociological and philosophical lenses, though these studies often ignore the performative aspects of the game itself.During gameplay, Dungeon Masters (DMs) often exploit sensory detail, music specifically, in order to encourage roleplay in their players. The fifth edition handbook of D&D states that DMs can use “music, art, or recorded sound effects to help set the mood, and many players and DMs alike adopt different voices for the various adventurers, monsters, and other characters they might play in the game.” The following research explores the use of music within D&D as it relates to the players’ ability to immerse themselves within the game, drawing on research in ludomusicology and applying a lens of reflexive and close ethnography. Additionally, this research explicates a growing popularity of D&D on the internet through shows such as Critical Role and the live storytelling genre, as well as how it has altered ideas concerning the performance of voice. Based on interviews with players and observations of D&D games in person and via online streaming services, this article asserts that music allows players to immerse themselves within the setting of the game, which in turn creates a form of participatory performance for both the players and the Dungeon Master.
Constraints on improving higher education teaching and learning through funding
Authors: Moyo Temwa , McKenna Sioux 
Published: January 2021

In the midst of massification, targeted funding has been used in various countries to address inefficiencies in teaching and learning. In South Africa, arguments have been made for significant investments to be made and the University Capacity Development Grant (UCDG) in particular is being used as a driver for improved outputs. Prior to its implementation in 2018, the UCDG comprised the Research Development Grant and the Teaching Development Grant. The Teaching Development Grant was intended to address low retention and throughput rates and ZAR5.5 billion was spent to this end over a 12-year period. The analysis presented here of all Teaching Development Grant budget plans and progress reports from 2007 to 2015 shows that the undifferentiated implementation of the Teaching Development Grant within a differentiated sector limited its potential for system-wide gains. Institutions without adequate resources tended to divert Teaching Development Grant funds to attend to backlogs rather than to address teaching and learning practices and such universities lost much of their allocation through the withholding of unspent funds. This blanket practice addressed the symptoms of underspending but not the structural, cultural and agential mechanisms that led to such under-expenditure. Uneven access to the limited teaching development expertise also impacted on the use of the grant. This call for a context-based approach to funding has been identified as a key success factor in grant interventions in both African and European universities. We recommend a sector-wide response in the form of a national body or plan for the benefit of all universities and investment in financial management enhancement.
Significance:

The study contributes to a better understanding of how government funding interventions can achieve intended goals. The study calls for a more contextualised approach to funding and to greater collaboration across the sector to maximise limited capacity.
La idoneidad del control inmediato de legalidad para la protección de poblaciones vulnerables en el marco de estados de excepción
Authors: Rivera Ceballos Paulina , Rodríguez Chaves Santiago 
Published: January 2021

As a result of the pandemic produced by the COVID-19, a phenomenon has been spotted in regard to the regularization of migrants statuses, specifically with the issuance of the Safe Passage. With the issuance of the 1006 Resolution of 2020,the issuance of the SC-2 Safe Passage by the Unidad Administrativa Especial de Migración Colombia was suspended indefinitely. In consequence, this decision made by the National Government has generated an obstacle for the people seeking to be recognized as refugees to have access to the healthcare system, because, according to the Colombian legislation, it is not an option to enroll in the general healthcare system with a proof of the safe passage.
Saying this, it's clear that the legal concept of Immediate Control of Legality may protect the diverse human rights of the vulnerable migratory population. This is a vulnerable population because of its context of mobilization and the suspension of the SC-2 Safe Passage due to the Sanitary, Economic and Social COVID-19 Emergency. In this regard, the Immediate Control of Legality is an instrument of civic surveillance, which enables consideration of the real and material effects of a regulation, in principle legitimate, but which the Estate Council can't verify at first sight.
Additionally, it sets a limit to the faculties of what the National Government and the public administration can do during the validity of the state of emergency. This limit is important because it allows the protection of vulnerable populations that historically had been disregarded and harmed with the decisions that had been made during the states of emergency.
Guinga: 70 anos de um violão brasileiro altamente particular
Authors: Llanos Fernando Elías 
Published: January 2021

Carlos Althier de Sousa Lemos Escobar é Guinga, violonista nascido em 10 de junho de 1950 no Rio de Janeiro, que em 2020 completou 70 anos. Compositor e instrumentista, ao longo das décadas de percurso profissional suas músicas ressoaram nas diversas salas de concerto, teatros e palcos do Brasil e do mundo. Sua linguagem composicional, seu estilo interpretativo e suas influências são híbridos e ecléticos, exercitando releituras idiomáticas do choro, do baião, do samba, como também do cool jazz, do impressionismo musical francês, das cantilenas villalobianas ou das politonalidades à la Stravinsky. Desde o seu primeiro disco – em parceria com Aldir Blanc –, Simples e absurdo (1991), a produção discográfica de Guinga reserva um lugar de destaque ao gênero canção e à música instrumental, esta última em formato camerístico – violão e outros instrumentos, como em Cheio de Dedos (1996) – ou solista, como Roendopinho (2014) e Canção da Impermanência (2017). No entanto, a dimensão do seu pensamento político-estético ainda não foi suficientemente explorada nas pesquisas científicas em música quando observamos o corpus atual de teses, dissertações, artigos e eventos acadêmicos. Espera-se que os temas abordados nesta entrevista subsidiem os diálogos universidade-sociedademultiplicando a diversidade epistemológica, em particular aquela referente à construção de uma historiografia crítica – e não apenas a musicológica – do instrumento e à compreensão do assim chamado “violão brasileiro”.
Intervensi Supportive Educative Berbasis Caring Meningkatkan Self Care Management Penderita Hipertensi
Authors: Suprayitno Emdat , Damayanti Cory Nelia 
Published: January 2021

Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko utama kematian penyakit kardiovaskular, berasal dari faktor genetik, lingkungan, dan sosial. Strategi intervensi sangat dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan perawatan diri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh intervensi supportive educative berbasis caring terhadap self care management penderita hipertensi. Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi experimental. Populasi yaitu seluruh lansia penderita hipertensi sebanyak 71 orang dengan simple random sampling, jumlah sampel sebanyak 66 orang terbagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok perlakuan sebanyak 33 orang diberikan intervensi supportive educative berbasis caring dan sebanyak 33 orang kelompok kontrol diberikan leaflet tentang penyakit hipertensi. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji independent t test skor selfcare management pada kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol setelah intervensi yaitu p=0,000. Skor selisih delta skor selfcare management pada kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol setelah intervensi yaitu p=0,000. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan intervensi supportive educative berbasis caring efektif meningkatkan self care management penderita hipertensi, intervensi ini bisa menjadi upaya promotif untuk meningkatkan kemandirian perawatan diri pada penderita hipertensi.
New SPE President To Help Organization Evolve Through Pandemic and Energy Transition
Authors: Jacobs Trent 
Published: January 2021

Ever since Tom Blasingame was announced as the 2021 SPE president more than a year ago, he had been looking forward to the day he would officially assume the highest-ranking volunteer position within the organization. That moment finally came, but not quite as he or anyone else expected.
“I can assure you, I had a grand plan,” he gently quipped during his inaugural speech. “But the pandemic pretty much wiped that slate clean and led me to focus on where we and how we are to continue.”
Blasingame, an SPE Distinguished Member and petroleum engineering professor at Texas A&M University, officially assumed his new duties during a small ceremony attended by invited guests and SPE staff in Houston on 2 November.
The event helped kick off SPE’s Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition (ATCE) in October. Reflecting one of the grand challenges facing the new president, the rest of ATCE is being held entirely online in response to the COVID-19 pandemic that swept across the world earlier this year.
Donning a coat and tie instead of his trademark beige coveralls, Blasingame told attendees in the flesh and those joining via the online broadcast that the theme of his SPE presidency is “Survive, Revive, and Thrive.” Along these lines, his top priority will be to steer SPE through the recovery process “while also seeking to serve the traditional needs of our members.”
Noting that the industry has a long history of weathering storms, Blasingame described the headwinds being faced today as a “near-perfect hurricane” brought on by a global pandemic, financial turbulence, and a historic drop in oil demand.
But he highlighted another force that is reshaping the upstream industry, one that predates the pandemic and is certainly going to outlive it.
Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) criteria have in just a few short years risen from obscurity to become a major lens through which public stakeholders and global investors view upstream companies. “If you don’t know it, you’d better memorize it - put it on your pillow,” Blasingame said of the three-letter acronym.
Industry Works To Balance Risk and Reward of Digitizing Safety
Authors: Wilson Adam 
Published: January 2021

The oil and gas industry has picked up on the benefits of digitization and artificial intelligence (AI) in its day-to-day activities, and the health, safety, and environment (HSE) sector is no exception. While AI brings clear benefits, the risks that come with those benefits remain unclear.
While touting the advances of technology in HSE at SPE’s Virtual Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition (ATCE), Olav Skar, director of health, safety, security, and wells at the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (IOGP), said, “I also see risks, and I remain concerned that we do not truly understand them.”
Skar spoke at the ATCE on a panel that included Mohamed Kermoud, Schlumberger’s global vice president for HSE, and Philippe Herve, the vice president of energy solutions at Spark-Cognition. The panel was moderated by Josh Etkind, Shell’s Gulf of Mexico digital transformation manager.
“A lot of power is in the technology,” Herve said. “The technology is beautiful. How we as humans are going to apply it, we need to think about it. We are thinking about all of the good things that the technology is bringing to humanity. Let’s keep it that way and remove all of the applications of artificial intelligence technology that may not be well perceived or beneficial to anybody.”
An early target for digitization in oil and gas, driving has been the most dangerous HSE activity for employees. The IOGP claims that land-transportation-related incidents historically have been the largest cause of fatalities for its member companies. Since 2000, such incidents have accounted for 22% of all work-related fatalities reported by IOGP members.
Schlumberger’s approach to driving safety was outlined in a paper presented at the 2020 SPE International Conference and Exhibition on Health, Safety, Environment, and Sustainability, a synopsis of which appeared in the August 2020 issue of JPT (http://go.spe.org/_01104-1542r).
Schlumberger’s approach to improving driver safety includes an advanced driver-assistance system that alerts drivers of maximum speed limits, lane departures, and the proximity of pedestrians and other vehicles. The goal of the system is to effect good driver behavior.
“If you analyze all the data, all the incidents, you find that behavior is always behind it,” Schlumberger’s Kermoud said. “People are trying to save time, to save the day. … The rules are generally perfect, but the behavior is something that we absolutely need to make sure that we impact one way or the other. And using technology will help us.”
Chromosome Conformation Capture with Nuclear Titrated Capture-C (NuTi Capture-C)
Authors: Downes Damien J. , Hughes Jim R. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
NuTi Capture-C is a Chromosome Conformation Capture (3C) approach, which can very efficiently identify chromatin interactions at target viewpoints at high resolution. The addition of high-throughput sequencing adaptors prior to enrichment allows for multiplexing of replicates and comparison samples. This method is an improvement on the previous NG Capture-C1 method in that modifications have been made to the in situ 3C method to improve nuclear integrity (Nuclear 3C). Additionally, capture has been optimised to viewpoint complexity through titration, maximising on target sequence specificity. The experiment will take several weeks and provide reproducible interaction profiles for tens to thousands of viewpoints of interest.
3’ RNA sequencing for robust and low-cost gene expression profiling
Authors: Charpentier Eric , Cornec Marine , Dumont Solenne , Meistermann Dimitri , Bordron Philippe , David Laurent , Redon Richard , Bonnaud Stéphanie , Bihouée Audrey 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
3’seq-RNA Profiling (3’SRP) approach is based on multiplexing samples and molecular indexing mRNA in order to drive genome-wide transcriptional profiling at reasonable cost in comparison to standard RNA-sequencing. The protocol is performed according to the 3′-digital gene expression (3′-DGE) approach developed by the Broad institute. The libraries are prepared from small amounts of total RNA where the mRNA poly(A) tails are tagged with universal adapters, well-specific barcodes and unique molecular identifiers (UMIs). We have improved the fragmentation step by implementing tagmentation based on the activity of a bead-linked transposome. This technique allows sample multiplexing on 96-well plates. Libraries are then sequenced using standard procedures, e.g. on Hiseq2500 or NovaSeq 6000 SP Flow Cells. We have developed a snakemake pipeline including every analysis step from raw fastq de-multiplexing to functional annotation of the differentially expressed genes, producing a complete HTML report for end-user.
The seasonal abundance and its impact of temperatures on the development of life cycle of G. pecorum in Northwest China
Authors: Zhang Ke , Huang Heqing , Zhou Ran , Zhang Boru , Wang Chen , Ente Make , Li Boling , Zhang Dong , Kai Li 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The departure of the mature larvae of the horse stomach bot fly from the host indicates the beginning of a new infection period, and the Gasterophilus pecorum becomes the dominant species in the desert steppe, showing its special biological characteristics. The population dynamics of G. pecorum were studied to reveal the population development rule of G. pecorum in the arid desert steppe. Method: The larvae were collected and recorded in the newly excreted feces by tracking the Przewalski’s horses (Equus przewalskii), meanwhile, the larval pupation experiments were carried out under natural conditions. Results: (a) There was a positive correlation between the survival rate and the number of larvae (r = 0.630, p < 0.01), indicating that the species development had the characteristics of centralized occurrence; (b) The main periods of mature larvae discharge were from early April to early May (peak Ⅰ) and from mid-August to early September (peak II), and the larval population curve showed a sudden spike in increase and gradual decrease at both peaks; under higher temperature, the number of adults from peak II had higher survival rate, higher pupation rate, higher emergence rate and less eclosion time than that of peak I; (c) Although it has one generation a year, the occurrence peak twice annually displaying a bimodal population distribution phenomenon, which forms double parasitic pressure on the local host. This phenomenon is very rare in the study of insect life history, especially in the parasite epidemiology.Conclusion: The natural discharge period of the G. pecorum larvae in Kalamaili Nature Reserve (KNR) is longer than 7 months and have the potentially long term infection effect on the host. The above phenomenon is one important reason for the local equine animals to be severely infected with equine myiasis.
A low RENAL Nephrometry Score can avoid the need for the intraoperative insertion of a ureteral catheter in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy
Authors: Nishimura Kenichi , Sawada Yuichi , Sugihara Naoya , Funaki Keisuke , Koyama Kanae , Noda Terutaka , Fukumoto Tetsuya , Miura Noriyoshi , Miyauchi Yuuki , Kikugawa Tadahiko , Saika Takashi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Intraoperative urinary collecting system entry (CSE) in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) may cause postoperative urinary leakage and extend the hospitalization. Therefore, identifying and firmly closing the entry sites are important for preventing postoperative urine leakage. In RAPN cases expected to require CSE, we insert a ureteral catheter and inject dye into the renal pelvis to identify the entry sites. We retrospectively analyzed the factors associated with intraoperative CSE in RAPN and explored the indications of intraoperative ureteral catheter indwelling in RAPN.Methods: Of 104 Japanese patients who underwent RAPN at our institution from August 2016 to March 2020, 101 were analyzed. The patients were classified into CSE and non-CSE groups. The patients’ background characteristics, RENAL Nephrometry Score (RNS) and surgical outcomes were analyzed.Results: Intraoperative CSE was observed in 41 patients (41%). The CSE group had a significantly longer operative time, console time ischemic time, and hospital stay than the non-CSE group. In a multivariable analysis, the N-score (odds ratio [OR]=3.9, P<0.05) and RNS total score excluding the L-score (OR=3.1, P<0.05) were associated with CSE. In a logistic regression analysis, CSE showed a moderate correlation with the RNS total score excluding the L-score (AUC: 0.848, cut-off: 5, sensitivity: 0.83, specificity: 0.73). Conclusion: A ureteral catheter should not be placed in patients with an RNS total score (excluding the L-score) of ≤4.