bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Submarine canyon systems focusing sub-surface fluid in the Canterbury Basin, South Island, New Zealand
Authors: Kumar Priyadarshi Chinmoy , Alves Tiago M. , Sain Kalachand 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis work uses a high-quality 3D seismic volume from offshore Canterbury Basin, New Zealand, to investigate how submarine canyon systems can focus sub-surface fluid. The seismic volume was structurally conditioned to improve the contrast in seismic reflections, preserving their lateral continuity. It reveals multiple pockmarks, eroded gullies and intra-slope lobe complexes occurring in association with the Waitaki Submarine Canyon. Pockmarks are densely clustered on the northern bank of the canyon and occur at a water depth of 500–900 m. In parallel, near-seafloor strata contain channel-fill deposits, channel lobes, meandering channel belts and overbank sediments deposited downslope of the submarine canyon. We propose that subsurface fluid migrates from relatively deep Cretaceous strata through shallow channel-fill deposits and lobes to latter seep out through the canyon and associated gullies. The new, reprocessed Fluid Cube meta-attribute confirms that fluids have seeped out through the eroded walls of the Waitaki Canyon, with such a seepage generating seafloor depressions in its northern bank. Our findings stress the importance of shallow reservoirs (channel-fill deposits and lobes) as potential repositories for fluid, hydrocarbons, or geothermal energy on continental margins across the world.
Excessive unbound cefazolin concentrations in critically ill patients receiving veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (vaECMO): an observational study
Authors: Booke Hendrik , Frey Otto R. , Röhr Anka C. , Chiriac Ute , Zacharowski Kai , Holubec Tomas , Adam Elisabeth H. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe scope of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is expanding, nevertheless, pharmacokinetics in patients receiving cardiorespiratory support are fairly unknown leading to unpredictable drug concentrations. Currently, there are no clear guidelines for antibiotic dosing during ECMO. This study aims to evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of cefazolin in patients undergoing ECMO treatment. Total and unbound plasma cefazolin concentration of critically ill patients on veno-arterial ECMO were determined. Observed PK was compared to dose recommendations calculated by an online available, free dosing software. Concentration of cefazolin varied broadly despite same dosage in all patients. The mean total and unbound plasma concentration were high showing significantly (p = 5.8913 E−09) greater unbound fraction compared to a standard patient. Cefazolin clearance was significantly (p = 0.009) higher in patients with preserved renal function compared with CRRT. Based upon the calculated clearance, the use of dosing software would have led to lower but still sufficient concentrations of cefazolin in general. Our study shows that a “one size fits all” dosing regimen leads to excessive unbound cefazolin concentration in these patients. They exhibit high PK variability and decreased cefazolin clearance on ECMO appears to compensate for ECMO- and critical illness-related increases in volume of distribution.
Solvophobicity-directed assembly of microporous molecular crystals
Authors: Yamagishi Hiroshi , Tsunoda Monika , Iwai Kohei , Hengphasatporn Kowit , Shigeta Yasuteru , Sato Hiroyasu , Yamamoto Yohei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDense packing is a universal tendency of organic molecules in the solid state. Typical porous crystals utilize reticular strong intermolecular bonding networks to overcome this principle. Here, we report a solvophobicity-based methodology for assembling discrete molecules into a porous form and succeed in synthesizing isostructural porous polymorphs of an amphiphilic aromatic molecule Py6Mes. A computational analysis of the crystal structure reveals the major contribution of dispersion interaction as the driving force for assembling Py6Mes into a columnar stacking while the columns are sterically salient and form nanopores between them. The porous packing is facilitated particularly in solvents with weak dispersion interaction due to the solvophobic effect. Conversely, solvents with strong dispersion interaction intercalate between Py6Mes due to the solvophilic effect and provide non-porous inclusion crystals. The solvophobicity-directed polymorphism is further corroborated by the polymorphs of Py6Mes-analogues, m-Py6Mes and Ph6Mes.
Status of biomarkers for the identification of stable or vulnerable plaques in atherosclerosis
Authors: Lubrano Valter , Balzan Silvana 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a systemic inflammation of the arteries characterized by atherosclerotic plaque due to the accumulation of lipids, inflammatory cells, apoptotic cells, calcium and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Stable plaques present a chronic inflammatory infiltration, whereas vulnerable plaques present an ‘active’ inflammation involved in the thinning of the fibrous cap that predisposes to plaque rupture.
Several complex biological cellular processes lead plaques to evolve from stable to vulnerable predisposing them to rupture and thrombosis. In this review, we analyze some emerging circulating biomarkers related to inflammation, ECM and lipid infiltration, angiogenesis, metalloproteinases and microRNA (miRNA), as possible diagnostic and prognostic indicators of plaque vulnerability.
Influence of Tasking During Vestibular Testing
Authors: Makowiec Kathryn , Smith Kaylee , Deeb Ashley , Bennett Erica , Sis Jenni 
Published: August 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of different types of tasking on the measurement of peak slow phase velocity (SPV) for caloric testing and rotary chair testing.MethodThis study evaluated the peak SPV response for caloric testing and rotary chair across five conditions. Three verbal, one tactile, and one condition without tasking were used for both caloric testing and rotary chair. The subjects consisted of 20 young adults (age range: 22–33 years,M= 26.65,SD= 3.72; seven male, 13 female) with normal vestibular function and no history of ear surgery or vestibular disorder. Study participation consisted of two visits with 24 hr minimum between each, one for caloric testing and one for rotary chair testing. The test completed at each visit was counterbalanced.Caloric Testing: The caloric irrigations were performed 5 times, with the ears randomized and tasking conditions randomized.Rotary Chair Testing: Rotary chair sinusoidal harmonic acceleration testing was performed 5 times at 0.08 Hz with the tasking conditions randomized.ResultsTasking of any kind resulted in significantly larger peak SPV responses when compared to the no tasking condition for rotary chair testing. When comparing each type of tasking, no significant differences were noted. No significant difference was noted when comparing the conditions with tasking to the no tasking condition for caloric testing.ConclusionsClinically, either mental or tactile tasking can be utilized as a method to reduce VOR suppression during rotary chair testing. As no difference was found when comparing different verbal tasks to each other, the type of tasking can be catered to the patient. If verbal tasking cannot be completed, the braiding tactile task is a valid substitution. Caloric results varied widely across subjects and did not reach statistical significance, so conclusions on the need for tasking cannot be drawn.
>25 W pulses from 1.5 μm double‐asymmetric waveguide, 100 μm stripe laser diode with bulk active layer
Authors: Hallman L. W. , Ryvkin B. S. , Avrutin E. A. , Kostamovaara J. T. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe experimental characterization of a high‐power pulsed semiconductor laser operating in the eye‐safe spectral range (wavelength around 1.5 m), with an asymmetric waveguide structure, a 100 m wide stripe, and a bulk active layer positioned very close to the p‐cladding, is reported. An anti‐reflection/high reflection coated laser with a stripe width of 100 m exhibits a single‐facet output power over 25 W at a pumping current amplitude of 100 A.
Five‐way radial filtering power divider using back‐to‐back quarter‐mode substrate‐integrated waveguide and microstrip resonator
Authors: Chen Shoulei , Qi Shishan , Chen Xing , Sun Guangchao , Wu Wen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a five‐way filtering power divider (FPD) based on a back‐to‐back quarter‐mode substrate‐integrated waveguide (QMSIW) and microstrip resonator. The FPD is composed of two layers of the dielectric substrate. Back‐to‐back QMSIWs and microstrip resonators are designed on the dielectric substrate 1. On the dielectric substrate 2, the SIW circular cavity is excited by a coaxial probe to realize the power dividing function and is coupled with QMSIWs through five rectangular slots. The measurement results show that the minimum insertion loss of the FPD is 1.2 dB at 9 GHz, the measured functional bandwidth is 4%, and the stopband attenuation from 10 to 19.8 GHz is better than 35 dB, the stopband attenuation at frequencies below 8.3 GHz is greater than 45 dB.
Adaptive robust optimal dispatch of microgrid based on different robust adjustment parameters
Authors: Yang Jun , Su Changqi , Wang Zhiliang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a microgrid adaptive robust optimal dispatch model with different robust adjustment parameters to improve the operating economy and safety of large‐scale renewable distributed energy integration into the microgrid system. Through a robust equivalent process, considering the uncertain characteristics of the renewable energy output and load demand in the microgrid, the uncertain parameters are converted into corresponding definite parameters. A two‐stage robust optimization model is established to minimize the operating cost of the microgrid under the premise of ensuring the robustness of the microgrid. An improved Benders algorithm is proposed to solve the established optimization model. The different robust adjustment parameters can be obtained adaptively through the optimization program. The optimized adaptive robust adjustment parameters can better reflect the balance between the economy and robustness of the microgrid operation, and are more suitable for the operation of the microgrid. The improved Benders algorithm can effectively speed up the solution and improve the efficiency of the solution. The simulation of the modified IEEE39‐bus system verifies the rationality of the proposed optimization model and the advantages of the improved algorithm.
MPI: Multi‐receptive and parallel integration for salient object detection
Authors: Sun Han , Cen Jun , Liu Ningzhong , Liang Dong , Zhou Huiyu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe semantic representation of deep features is essential for image context understanding, and effective fusion of features with different semantic representations can significantly improve the model's performance on salient object detection. This paper proposes a novel method called multi‐receptive and parallel integration, for salient object detection. Firstly, a multi‐receptive enhancement module is designed to effectively expand the receptive fields of features from different layers and generate features with different receptive fields. Multi‐receptive enhancement module can enhance the semantic representation and improve the model's perception of the image context, which enables the model to locate the salient object accurately. Secondly, in order to reduce the reuse of redundant information in the complex top‐down fusion method and weaken the differences between semantic features, a relatively simple but effective parallel fusion strategy is proposed. It allows multi‐scale features to better interact with each other, thus improving the overall performance of the model. Experimental results on multiple datasets demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms state‐of‐the‐art methods under different evaluation metrics.
Continuous decision‐making for autonomous driving at intersections using deep deterministic policy gradient
Authors: Li Guofa , Li Shenglong , Li Shen , Qu Xingda 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntersections have been identified as the most complex and accident‐prone traffic scenarios on road. Making appropriate decisions at intersections for driving safety, efficiency, and comfort become a challenging task for autonomous vehicles (AVs). The existing research on AV decision‐making at intersections either considers a single scenario only with discrete behaviour outputs or ignores the requirements for driving efficiency and comfort. To address these problems, this study proposed a deep reinforcement learning based continuous decision‐making method to make AVs drive through intersections. The proposed method establishes an end‐to‐end decision‐making framework by using a convolutional neural network to map the relationship between traffic images and vehicle operations. The interaction between the AV and other vehicles was modelled as a Markov decision process (MDP), and a deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm was employed to solve the MDP problem and obtain the optimal driving policy. The top three accident‐prone crossing path crash scenarios at intersections were realized in CARLA to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experimental results demonstrated that the developed method could provide effective policies to ensure driving safety and efficiency while considering driving comfort for autonomous driving at intersections in all the examined scenarios.
Research on adaptive cruise control algorithm considering road conditions
Authors: Yang Zhi , He Rui , Zhang Sumin , Wu Jian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAs one of the most important ADAS systems, traditional adaptive cruise control is only suitable for relatively simple working conditions such as expressways, and it is difficult to deal with complex traffic environment and road working conditions. For the problem that the traditional cruise control strategy cannot effectively use the terrain to reduce vehicle fuel consumption under slope conditions and when the vehicle enters a small radius curve such as a ramp, the excessively high turning speed will cause the vehicle to skid. This paper proposes an adaptive cruise control system architecture with adaptability to multiple operating conditions. Simulation and real‐vehicle test results show that the adaptive control system architecture and optimisation algorithm proposed in this paper have good applicability to road conditions, and improve the economy of the system under ramp conditions and safety under curve conditions.
Distribution des contraintes dans les assemblages collés :
Authors: Fargette B. , Gilibert Y. , Rimlinger L. 
Published: August 2021

We have studied the agreement between theoretical computations and experimental results of surface strains of bonded joints of two types : tenon and mortise, and single-lap joints, for different lengths of the lap. For instance, with the single-lap joint, we have tested four lengths of the overlap from 14 mm to 88 mm. Surface strains are measured by an extensometrical method with electrical gauges, when the specimen is loaded in uniaxial traction on a universal testing
machine.
Experimental results and computations made by an improved method like the asymptotic expansion method agree, but only if the global traction load applied on the specimen is low, or if the overlap in respect with the others dimensions of the section of test specimen is long.
In these joints, effectively, stress fields are disrupted near the butts and become very difficult to compute. Actually, near the ends of the overlap, stresses can reach high limits with only low global load applied on the test specimen. With a short length of the overlap, linear behaviour disappears almost totally because of a strong interaction of the two perturbed fields. On the contrary, with a high length of overlap, stress fields become linear on the major part of the
overlap , even with a high tensile load applied on the specimen. So, the length of the overlap has a great effect on the linear behaviour of the joint.
Aspirationstherapie einer Trikuspidalklappenvegetation bei Rechtsherzendokarditis nach infektiöser Endokarditis eines kardialen Implantats in einer Hochrisikokonstellation
Authors: Heger Lukas Andreas , Sekandarzad Asieb , Wengenmayer Tobias 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Inzidenz von Rechtsherzendokarditiden nach Infektion kardialer Implantate ist in den letzten Jahren gestiegen und mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit auf die zunehmende Anzahl an Implantationen zurückzuführen. Die Katheter-gestützte Aspirationstherapie kann eine Therapieoption in einer Hochrisikokonstellation darstellen.Anamnese Ein 65-jährige Patient wurde aufgrund einer Rechtsherzendokarditis mit Beteiligung eines kardialen elektronischen Implantats überwiesen. Vorbestehend war eine ischämische Kardiomyopathie bei 3-Gefäß-KHK mit Z. n. extrakorporaler kardiopulmonaler Reanimation mit entsprechend sekundär prophylaktischer Implantation eines Kardioverter-Defibrillators.Untersuchung und Diagnose Echokardiografisch zeigten sich Endokarditis-typische Vegetationen an der Sonde des Kardioverter-Defibrillators sowie an der kompetenten nativen Trikuspidalklappe. In der weiterführenden Diagnostik ergab sich ein Nachweis einer mutmaßlich septischen pulmonalen Embolie.Therapie und Verlauf Primär erfolgte die Explantation des Kardioverter-Defibrillators. Bei persistierender Bakteriämie und im Verlauf protrahiertem septischem Schock erfolgte eine umfassende antiinfektive Therapie. Zur Fokussanierung erfolgte bei hohem operativem Mortalitätsrisiko im interdisziplinären Konsens eine interventionelle Aspirationstherapie der Vegetation mithilfe herkömmlicher kardiologischer Kathetertechnik unter Erhalt der KlappenfunktionalitätFolgerung Eine Katheter-gestützte Aspirationstherapie bei Rechtsherzendokarditis kann in einer Hochrisikokonstellation eine Alternative zur operativen Versorgung darstellen, bleibt jedoch aufgrund der unzureichenden Studienlage eine individuelle Therapieentscheidung.
Mitbetreuung und Einbeziehung von Angehörigen in Comprehensive Cancer Centern – eine Erhebung der AG Palliativmedizin der von der Deutschen Krebshilfe geförderten Onkologischen Spitzenzentren
Authors: Oechsle Karin , Theißen Tabea , Heckel Maria , Schwenzitzki Lisa , Ullrich Anneke , Ostgathe Christoph 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Eine leitliniengerechte onkologische Versorgung umfasst nicht nur die frühzeitige palliativmedizinische Mitbetreuung unheilbar erkrankter Patienten, sondern auch die Mitbetreuung ihrer Angehörigen. Untersuchungen zur Umsetzung im klinischen Alltag in Deutschland fehlen.
Methoden Die AG Palliativmedizin im Netzwerk der von der Deutschen Krebshilfe geförderten Onkologischen Spitzenzentren (CCC) führte mit einem selbstgestalteten Fragebogen eine systematische Erfassung aller Angebote in den CCC/in der spezialisierten Palliativversorgung (SPV) im CCC/lokal außerhalb des CCC an allen Standorten durch.
Ergebnisse Gut etabliert in den 17 CCC/in der SPV sind die psychoonkologische (100 %/94 %), sozialrechtliche (94 %/100 %) und seelsorgerische Beratung der Angehörigen (je 94 %) sowie Angebote für Kinder erkrankter Eltern (88 %/100 %) und Informationsmaterialien (je 88 %). Häufiger als im restlichen CCC werden in der SPV pflegerische Schulungen (77 %/94 %) und Familienkonferenzen (59 %/88 %) durchgeführt. SOPs sind mit 23 %/18 % selten etabliert, ebenso wie Screenings der Angehörigenbedürfnisse (0/24 %). Trauer- und Selbsthilfegruppen sind mit je 82 % häufiger außerhalb der CCC verfügbar. Die psychoonkologische/sozialrechtliche Beratung und Angebote für Kinder erkrankter Eltern (je 94 %) wurden als am wichtigsten für ein CCC eingeschätzt. Für die SPV waren es zudem die pflegerische Schulung sowie Informationsmaterialien (je 94 %). SOPs wurden mit 47 %/41 % als sehr/extrem wichtig betrachtet, und Screenings der Angehörigenbedürfnisse mit 53 %/65 %.
Schlussfolgerung Psychosoziale/seelsorgerische Beratung der Angehörigen sowie Angebote für Kinder erkrankter Eltern sind in den CCC entsprechend ihrer Bedeutung gut etabliert, in der SPV auch pflegerische Schulungen und Familienkonferenzen. SOPs zur Mitbetreuung und Einbeziehung von Angehörigen sowie Screenings der Angehörigenbedürfnisse müssen dringend implementiert werden.
Revisiting the Heck Reaction for Fluorous Materials Applications
Authors: Swager Timothy M. , Yoshinaga Kosuke 
Published: August 2021

AbstractInstalling fluoroalkyl chains on a molecule by the Heck reaction is a versatile method to transform the molecule’s properties that enable unique materials applications. This work further expands the scope of this reaction to thiophenes, which were able to undergo further functionalization and polymerization, highlighting the potential of these molecules in conjugated organic materials.
South Asian Declaration—Consensus Guidelines for COVID-19 Vaccination in Cancer Patients
Authors: Thirumalairaj Raja , Parikh Purvish M. , Agarwal Amit , Singh Randeep , Krishnamurthy Arvind , Desai Sharad S. , Maheshwari Amita , Mehta Prashant , Ghafur Abdul , Somashekhar S. P. , Iqbal Ahamed , Savant Dhairyasheel N. , Hussain Syed Md Akram , Bhatt Amit , Wangdi Tashi , Bajpai Jyoti , Ranade Anantbhushan A. , Babu K. Govind , Bapna Ajay , Biswas Ghanshyam , Malhotra Hemant , Krishna M. Vamshi , Baral Rajendra Prasad , Vashishtha Rajesh , Safi Ahmad Javid , Agarwal Sharmila , Agarwal J. P. , Rathnam Krishna Kumar , Mohapatra P. N. , Kumar Rajeev Vijay , Rajappa Senthil , Limaye Sewanti Atul , Vora Amish , Reddy Vijay A.P. , Parekh Bhavesh B. , Rath G. K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe provide the South Asian Declaration, containing the consensus guidelines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in cancer patients.
The Effect of Reducing the Bone to Cast Distance in an Equine Transfixation Pin Cast: An Ex Vivo Biomechanical Study
Authors: Bernath Caroline M. , Valet Sebastian , Rossignol Fabrice , Weisse Bernhard , Fürst Anton E. , Kümmerle Jan M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of reducing the bone to cast distance on the resistance of the pin to cyclic loading in equine transfixation pin casts.Study Design Eleven pairs of cadaveric equine third metacarpal bones were prepared and one 6.3/8.0 mm transfixation pin was placed in standard fashion 10 mm proximal to the distal physeal scar into each bone. One metacarpus of each pair was tested with a distance of 10 mm (10 mm group) and the contralateral metacarpus with a distance of 20 mm (20 mm group) between the outer cortex of the bone and the fixation of the pin. Eight pairs were tested using a simplified test set-up in which the pins were fastened at both ends to polyoxymethylene-copolymer sleeves. The pins of the remaining three pairs of bones were incorporated into a fibreglass cast. All specimens were tested under cyclic loading until failure of the pin in axial compression.Results All pins failed uni- or bilaterally at clinically relevant load levels. Pins of the 10 mm group endured significantly (p < 0.05) higher load levels and total number of cycles until failure compared with the pins of the 20 mm group.Conclusion The distance between the bone surface and the cast at the location of pin insertion has a significant effect on resistance of the pins to cyclic loading. Therefore, the amount of padding applied underneath an equine transfixation pin cast can have an influence on the overall stability and durability of the construct.