bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacogenomic tests of oncology drugs at Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA)
Authors: Suarez-Kurtz Guilherme 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTThe implementation, current status and future perspectives of the pharmacogenetics/genomics (PGx) testing program developed at Instituto Nacional de Cancer (INCA) are presented. Initial selection of drug-gene pairs for PGx testing was based on clinically-validated PGx associations and availability of international guidelines with PGx-informed dosing recommendations. The selected pairs were fluoropyrimidines- DPYD, irinotecan- UGT1A1, and thiopurines- TPMT/NUDT15. The aims and rationale for the implemented PGx tests, frequency of the interrogated genetic variants and assigned metabolic phenotypes, and the individual dosing recommendations are reviewed. Planned developments, such as collaboration with other cancer treatment centers, testing of additional drug-gene pairs (e.g., tamoxifen- CYP2D6 ), and inclusion of PGx testing in the routine workout of targeted patients at INCA were impacted by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemics. The Brazilian Society of Clinical Oncology is invited to play a leading role in the evaluation of the clinical utility of PGx tests of germline variants for oncology drugs in Brazil.
Curricula and Employability: An Empirical Study on Tertiary Level Students of Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Md. Ashraful Islam , Mojkury Md. Abid Hassan 
Published: May 2021

Aim: The continuous innovation of information technologies accelerates the global economic development. The recent development of artificial intelligence and machine learning theory are not only through a big challenge to the graduates to enter to the job market but also all the stakeholders of entire knowledge economy to stay in the right track for better future. To develop graduates' professionalism with strong foundation of adequate skills are pivotal to meet the future challenges of fourth industrial revolution and artificial intelligence. The aim of the study is to assess the perception and attitude of graduate students regarding future employability in the context of their curriculum.
Data from 750 tertiary level students are collected purposively by direct interview method. A questionnaire is designed based the study aim with suitable well-structured closed ended questions.
Methodology: A five-point Likert scale is considered to measure the opinion and attitude towards future employability and curricula. Descriptive statistical techniques are used for basic comparisons while Chi-square test is appointed to assess the significance of different determinants to the graduates opinions and attitudes.
Results: We found graduates average age 22.39 years with small standard deviation 1.55. Most of the respondents (66.5%) belonging to bellow average income group. A clear educational migration observed in secondary to higher secondary education level. Very unexpected response observed when we asked students regarding their curricula for employability. 9.33% respondents think that the curricula is not important and 35.2% think curricula as least important. Significant impact of students gender, age and place of higher secondary level education place observed on their opinion regarding curricula for future employability.
Conclusion: The growing literature on graduate employability suggest that the role of tertiary level educational institutions, the curricula planners and the policy makers fostering graduate employability over the globe. This article endows with a comprehensive analysis of graduates' attitude towards employability. We hope that this study will contribute to promote graduate employability.
Affective Domain: The Uncharted Area of Teaching and Learning in Tertiary Education
Authors: Dorji Phub , Yangzom . 
Published: May 2021

Aims: This study was conducted to examine how the learning opportunities and instructional designs be organized and responsibilities for the teachers be defined for students to acquire affective skills.
Study Design: This exploratory research design adopted a qualitative approach.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in three colleges under the Royal University of Bhutan for a period of one year (2019-2020).
Sample: Out of a sample of 10 college students (one each from 10 colleges under the Royal University of Bhutan) selected through purposive sampling technique, due to the impact of the ongoing pandemic, only three interviewees consented and participated in the interview.
Methodology: Data were collected using structured interview and systematic literature review. Review questions and criteria for inclusion and exclusion of articles for literature review were formulated and the PRISMA flow diagram was used to select review articles for systematic literature review. Using the content analysis technique, data gathered through systematic literature review and structured interview were analysed.
Results: The findings revealed that affective domain remains as one area of learning which is getting the least attention across the curriculum and from the educators. The lack of opportunities for students to practice the skills they learn in the classroom, inadequate use of CL structures and interactive learning methods in teaching, absence of affective elements in instructional designs and deliveries, teachers modelling skills and student-teacher relationships are some of the factors undermining the acquisition of affective skills.
Conclusion: In view of these findings, the researchers recommend scholars and educators to conduct more studies on affective domains; curriculum and policy developers to ensure the inclusion of all three domains of learning across the curriculum; management/stakeholder to acknowledge the importance of affective domain of learning and provide training to teachers on the development of affective skills; and teachers/educators to incorporate affective skills in their instructional designs and deliveries to help students to acquire affective skills.
Effect of Organo-nitrogen Fertilization on N-uptake and Growth Yield of Potatoes using 15N
Authors: Moursy Ahmed , Ismail M. M. 
Published: May 2021

Fertilization is an important and limiting factor for growth and tuber production of potatoes crop because plants non adsorption amounts of nutrients from the soil. Data obtained the tea compost spray or tea compost fertigation single or mixed with mineral-N. Resulted in grand mean the highest tuber yield of potatoes tea compost methods, the value of tuber yield value (42.34 tan ha -1) which relatively increased by about 15.68%, 11.31% over the untreated addition compost to soil and tea compost fertigation.Also data show that grand mean the highest shoot dry weight of potatoes foliar compost tea methods, the value of tuber yield value (4.79 tan ha -1) which relatively increased by about 41.54%,24.43% over the untreated addition compost to soil and tea compost fertigation. Also data show under methods, fertigaion compost tea, with treatment 50% compost tea+ 50% mineral –N seems to be the best ones in nitrogen uptake by tuber potato plant (131.24 kg ha-1). the compost tea fertigation, % Ndff, Ndfcompost in tuber was much higher for tea compost fertigation (57.74 kg ha-1) ,(56.62 kg ha -1 )than for compost tea foliar methods (50.21 kg ha-1),(51.84 kg ha-1) and compost addition to soil (33.02 kg ha-1) , (27.82 kg ha-1) respectively . The percentage nitrogen use efficiency (%NUE) by tuber ranged from %9.17 to %16.27 due to (MA1)+R2 and 100 % MF , respectively.
Transmission Dynamics of Intestinal Parasites Infection in Children under Anthelminthic Treatment Residing in a High-Risk Area in Cameroon
Authors: Bowo-Ngandji Arnol , Ousmanou Djabidatou , Efietngab Atembeh-Noura , Lucia Nkengazong , Mohamadou Halmata , Chantal Ngonde Marie 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Intestinal parasites continue to pose an important public health problem in low-income countries with children being the most affected, thus justifying their therapeutic follow up.
Objective: This work aimed to update the epidemiological base data and evaluate transmission dynamics of intestinal parasites at one and three months post treatment following the administration of multiple doses of mebendazole 100mg in children of the Lolodorf health district, South Region.
Methods: 381 stool samples were collected from participants and analysed using the kato-katz and formol ether technicsand each participant treated with multiple dosesof mebendazole within three days. Samples were collected at one and three months post treatment from same individuals. Two indicators were used to evaluate transmission dynamics: reinfection rate and number of newly infected individuals.
Results: A global infection rate of 65.3% involving Ascaris lumbricoides (23.1 %), Trichuris trichiura (35.2 %), hookworms (7.9 %), Hymenolepis diminuta (0.3 %), Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar (5.8 %), Entamoeba coli (19.2 %), Entamoeba hartmanni (0.3 %) and Candida sp (26.0 %) was registered. Single infection (53.6%) was significantly higher than multiple infections (46.4%) (P=0.04). Significance was in favour of male sex for hookworm infections (P=0.04). Transmission dynamics of the different groups of parasites showed a reduction of helminths and protozoan parasites infections with complete absence of Candida sp. after treatment. The global reinfection rate obtained at three months post treatment was 7.3% with high values observed for T. trichiura (6.1%). The proportion of newly infected individuals varied from 6.2% to 8.9% at one and three months post treatment.
Conclusion: These results showed persistence in active transmission of various intestinal parasites in the study area. Hence, stakeholders in charge of controlling theseinfections shouldreinforce specific intervention measures against these diseases such as the implication of control measures at all levels of the transmission chain (individual and environmental level).
Tracking control for flexible joint robots based on adaptive fuzzy compensation with uncertain parameters
Authors: Huang Huayuan , Pan Hongtao , Cheng Yong 
Published: May 2021

SummaryThis article presents a control scheme for flexible joint robots which has uncertain parameters based on adaptive fuzzy compensation. Considering the unknown parameters, the proposed state feedback control approach utilizes measured variables to establish a cascade structure that is based on simplified dynamics. After reducing the number of fuzzy rules, the adaptive fuzzy logic system is added as compensation to decrease the approximated errors, and the robust terms are also used to enhance the robustness of closed‐loop system. Then, the global asymptotic stability could be confirmed through Lyapunov stability principle and Barbalat's lemma. Compared with the other two controllers, the proposed control method has not only higher position accuracy and better dynamic performance but also robustness to the approximation of motor inertia, friction torque and link torque. Some simulation experiments are conducted to show the validity of the proposed scheme.
Phase‐Modulation of Iron/Nickel Phosphides Nanocrystals “Armored” with Porous P‐Doped Carbon and Anchored on P‐Doped Graphene Nanohybrids for Enhanced Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Wang Lei , Fan Jiayao , Liu Ying , Chen Mingyu , Lin Yue , Bi Hengchang , Liu Bingxue , Shi Naien , Xu Dongdong , Bao Jianchun , Han Min 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTransition metal phosphides (TMPs) nanostructures have emerged as important electroactive materials for energy storage and conversion. Nonetheless, the phase modulation of iron/nickel phosphides nanocrystals or related nanohybrids remains challenging, and their electrocatalytic overall water splitting (OWS) performances are not fully investigated. Here, the phase‐controlled synthesis of iron/nickel phosphides nanocrystals “armored” with porous P‐doped carbon (PC) and anchored on P‐doped graphene (PG) nanohybrids, including FeP–Fe2P@PC/PG, FeP–(NixFe1‐x)2P@PC/PG, (NixFe1‐x)2P@PC/PG, and Ni2P@PC/PG, are realized by thermal conversion of predesigned supramolecular gels under Ar/H2 atmosphere and tuning Fe/Ni ratio in gel precursors. Thanks to phase‐modulation‐induced increase of available catalytic active sites and optimization of surface/interface electronic structures, the resultant pure‐phase (NixFe1‐x)2P@PC/PG exhibits the highest electrocatalytic activity for both hydrogen and oxygen evolution in alkaline media. Remarkably, using it as a bifunctional catalyst, the fabricated (NixFe1‐x)2P@PC/PG||(NixFe1‐x)2P@PC/PG electrolyzer needs exceptional low cell voltage (1.45 V) to reach 10 mA cm−2 water‐splitting current, outperforming its mixed phase and monometallic phosphides counterparts and recently reported bifunctional catalysts based devices, and Pt/C||IrO2 electrolyzer. Also, such (NixFe1‐x)2P@PC/PG||(NixFe1‐x)2P@PC/PG device manifests outstanding durability for OWS. This work may shed light on optimizing TMPs nanostructures by combining phase‐modulation and heteroatoms‐doped carbon double‐confinement strategies, and accelerate their applications in OWS or other renewable energy options.
Fluoride‐Rich Solid‐Electrolyte‐Interface Enabling Stable Sodium Metal Batteries in High‐Safe Electrolytes
Authors: Liu Xuyang , Zheng Xueying , Dai Yiming , Wu Wangyan , Huang Yangyang , Fu Haoyu , Huang Yunhui , Luo Wei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSodium metal batteries (SMBs) are promising for large scale energy storage due to the remarkable capacity of sodium metal anode (SMA) and the natural abundance of Na‐containing resources. However, multiple challenges exist with regards to the usage of SMBs, including dendritic Na growth, poor cyclability of SMA, and severe safety hazards stemming from the employment of the highly flammable liquid electrolytes. Herein, by introducing two functional fluorinated solvents, 1,1,2,2‐tetra‐fluoroethyl 2,2,3,3‐tetrafluoropropyl ether (HFE) and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) into trimethyl phosphate (TMP)‐based electrolyte, a SMA‐compatible flame‐retardant electrolyte is enabled, in which Na/Na symmetrical cells can cycle for 800 h at 1.0 mA cm−2 or 3.0 mAh cm−2. Specifically, the non‐solvating HFE plays a critical role in increasing the local electrolyte concentration and reducing the unfavorable decomposition of TMP molecules. By introducing FEC as the co‐solvent simultaneously, its preferential defluorination induces a fluoride‐rich solid‐electrolyte interphase that prevents Na metal surface against the continuous parasitic reactions. More importantly, the designed electrolyte is endowed with an intrinsic non‐flammability, which manifests a prerequisite for the real‐life application of SMBs.
Correlated Magnetic Weyl Semimetal State in Strained Pr2Ir2O7
Authors: Li Yangyang , Oh Taekoo , Son Jaeseok , Song Jeongkeun , Kim Mi Kyung , Song Dongjun , Kim Sukhyun , Chang Seo Hyoung , Kim Changyoung , Yang Bohm‐Jung , Noh Tae Won 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCorrelated topological phases (CTPs) with interplay between topology and electronic correlations have attracted tremendous interest in condensed matter physics. Therein, correlated Weyl semimetals (WSMs) are rare in nature and, thus, have so far been less investigated experimentally. In particular, the experimental realization of the interacting WSM state with logarithmic Fermi velocity renormalization has not been achieved yet. Here, experimental evidence of a correlated magnetic WSM state with logarithmic renormalization in strained pyrochlore iridate Pr2Ir2O7 (PIO) which is a paramagnetic Luttinger semimetal in bulk, is reported. Benefitting from epitaxial strain, “bulk‐absent” all‐in–all‐out antiferromagnetic ordering can be stabilized in PIO film, which breaks time‐reversal symmetry and leads to a magnetic WSM state. With further analysis of the experimental data and renormalization group calculations, an interacting Weyl liquid state with logarithmically renormalized Fermi velocity, similar to that in graphene, is found, dressed by long‐range Coulomb interactions. This work highlights the interplay of strain, magnetism, and topology with electronic correlations, and paves the way for strain‐engineering of CTPs in pyrochlore iridates.
Adipocyte‐Derived Anticancer Lipid Droplets
Authors: Liang Tingxizi , Wen Di , Chen Guojun , Chan Amanda , Chen Zhaowei , Li Hongjun , Wang Zejun , Han Xiao , Jiang Liping , Zhu Jun‐Jie , Gu Zhen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEngineering of efficient and safe materials remains a challenge for cancer therapy. Here, the lipid droplet, an organelle in adipocytes, is demonstrated to be a controllable and biocompatible vehicle to deliver anticancer drugs. It is validated that isolated lipid droplets maintain their key physiological functions to interact with other organelles and augment the therapeutic effect of cancer photodynamic therapy by encapsulation with a lipid‐conjugated photosensitizer (Pyrolipid) through a variety of pathways, including generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS); lipid peroxidation; and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. As such, the IC50 value of Pyrolipid is reduced by 6.0‐fold when loaded into the lipid droplet. Of note, in vivo results demonstrate that engineered lipid droplets induce significant inhibition of tumor growth with minimal side effects.
KPFM Study of Flexible Ferroelectric Polymer/Water Interface for Understanding the Working Principle of Liquid–Solid Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Authors: Singh Huidrom Hemojit , Khare Neeraj 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the present work, the triboelectric phenomenon is explored in the ferroelectric polymer (ZnO‐PVDF film) surface when water drops fall on it. Using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), it is found that negative charges are generated on the surface of the film as the water drop comes into contact with the ZnO‐PVDF film, and the induced charges are found to stay on the surface for about 5 min. It is also observed that when subsequent water drops fall on the polymer surface, the charge remains almost constant. Based on the KPFM results, a mechanism for electricity generation in liquid–solid interface triboelectric nanogenerator (LSTENG) is proposed. An LSTENG has been fabricated using ZnO‐PVDF film, which shows an open‐circuit voltage of ≈1.3V and a short circuit current of ≈0.34 µA. The electrical characteristics of the LSTENG device agree with the proposed mechanism.
Expansion of Rare Cancer Cells into Tumoroids for Therapeutic Regimen and Cancer Therapy
Authors: Enkhbat Myagmartsend , Liu Yung‐Chiang , Kim Jua , Xu Yanshan , Yin Zongyi , Liu Tzu‐Ming , Deng Chu‐Xia , Zou Chang , Xie Xi , Li Xiaowu , Wang Peng‐Yuan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRare cancer cells, such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs), are small cell population found in cancer patients. CTCs have been recognized as tumor avatars for real‐time cancer monitoring, while CSCs are the most malignant tumor cells that play a dominant role in drug resistance and metastasis. Interestingly, these two types of cells share the same surface markers, such as EpCAM, CD44, and CD133. While capturing these rare cells is available, the expansion of these cells is still challenging due to the limited cell number. These cells are susceptible to the microenvironment and lose the capability to grow in vitro, especially after an intense capturing process. A technology called patient‐derived tumor organoids (PDOs) or tumoroids is a rising start in cancer modeling but the applicability is still questionable. Recently, assembloids containing multiple tumor‐related cells have been developed which is one step closer to the real tumor. In this review, strategies for in vitro expansion of tumoroids are summarized implying that artificial tumor niche composed of optimized biophysical and biological cues is vital in the tumoroid generation. Tumoroids containing rare cancer cells is believed to be beneficial in the diagnosis, therapeutic regimen, and drug discovery for personalized therapy.
Restoration of H3k27me3 Modification Epigenetically Silences Cry1 Expression and Sensitizes Leptin Signaling to Reduce Obesity‐Related Properties
Authors: Wei Yan , Chen Jun , Xu Xing , Li Fan , Wu Kun , Jiang Yingying , Rao Yuqing , Zhao Chen , Chen Wantao , Wang Xu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe trimethylation on histone H3 lysine 27 (H3k27me3), a transcriptionally repressive epigenetic mark of permissive chromatin, can be removed by the histone lysine demethylase 6a (Kdm6a). However, the physiological function of H3k27me3 and Kdm6a on circadian genes remains largely elusive. With the ChIP‐Seq and mRNA microarray assays, a critical role is identified for Kdm6a in the regulation of H3k27me3 to impact the expression of Crytochrome 1 (Cry1) in the hypothalamus of diet induced obesity mice. More importantly, both conditional knockout and pharmacological inhibition of Kdm6a reduce body weight and stabilize blood glucose homeostasis. Although a Kdm6a inhibitor fails to decrease body weight in leptin receptor‐deficient db/db mice, it significantly decreases Cry1 expression, enhances sensitivity to exogenous leptin administration, and blocks body weight increases in endo‐leptin‐deficient ob/ob mice. Moreover, gene analysis of the human hypothalamus further reveals a positive correlation between Kdm6a and Cry1. The results show that inhibition of Kdm6a reduces the Cry1 expression and sensitizes leptin signaling to combat obesity‐related disease. Therefore, it implicates Kdm6a as an attractive drug target for obesity and metabolic disorders.
Direct Observation of Confinement Effects of Semiconducting Polymers in Polymer Blend Electronic Systems
Authors: Park Byoungwook , Kang Hongkyu , Ha Yeon Hee , Kim Jehan , Lee Jong‐Hoon , Yu Kilho , Kwon Sooncheol , Jang Soo‐Young , Kim Seok , Jeong Soyeong , Hong Soonil , Byun Seunghwan , Kwon Soon‐Ki , Kim Yun‐Hi , Lee Kwanghee 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe advent of special types of polymeric semiconductors, known as “polymer blends,” presents new opportunities for the development of next‐generation electronics based on these semiconductors' versatile functionalities in device applications. Although these polymer blends contain semiconducting polymers (SPs) mixed with a considerably high content of insulating polymers, few of these blends unexpectedly yield much higher charge carrier mobilities than those of pure SPs. However, the origin of such an enhancement has remained unclear owing to a lack of cases exhibiting definite improvements in charge carrier mobility, and the limited knowledge concerning the underlying mechanism thereof. In this study, the morphological changes and internal nanostructures of polymer blends based on various SP types with different intermolecular interactions in an insulating polystyrene matrix are investigated. Through this investigation, the physical confinement of donor–acceptor type SP chains in a continuous nanoscale network structure surrounded by polystyrenes is shown to induce structural ordering with more straight edge‐on stacked SP chains. Hereby, high‐performance and transparent organic field‐effect transistors with a hole mobility of ≈5.4 cm2 V–1 s–1 and an average transmittance exceeding 72% in the visible range are achieved.
Transition Metal‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 1,2‐Diketones: An Overview
Authors: Kumar Atul , Sridharan Vellaisamy 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe 1,2‐diketone structural motif is present in various natural products and compounds of biological significance. In addition, these compounds are frequently used as precursors or intermediates in several synthetically important organic transformations. The transition‐metal catalysis plays an essential role for the generation of several carbon‐carbon and carbon‐heteroatom bonds to access diverse heterocyclic compounds. This metal‐catalyzed approach has been frequently used for the synthesis of these valuable 1,2‐diketones. This review summarizes the various approaches involving the transition metal‐catalyzed synthesis of 1,2‐diketones from easily accessible staring materials.