bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect and Implementation Experience of Intensive Adherence Counseling in A Public Hiv Care Center in Uganda: A Mixed-methods Study
Authors: Lukyamuzi Zubair , Etajak Samuel , Katairo Thomas , Mukunya David , Tetui Moses , Ssenyonjo Aloysius , Wanyenze Rhoda 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Non-adherence to anti-retroviral therapy (ART) is responsible for up to 75% of the unsuppressed viral load among people living with HIV (PLWH) on ART. Intensive adherence counseling (IAC) is an intervention recommended by the World Health Organization to improve adherence. In 2016, the Ugandan Ministry of Health introduced IAC to improve viral load suppression. This study evaluated the effect and experiences of providing IAC in an urban HIV care center in Kampala, Uganda.Methods: This was a sequential explanatory mixed-method study that compared viral load suppression in the period with IAC intervention to a period without IAC at Kisenyi Health centre IV. Data were abstracted from patient files. The effect on viral load suppression of IAC and associated factors was analyzed using modified Poisson regression with robust standard errors. Using in-depth interviews and an inductive analysis approach in Atlas. ti, we also explored experiences of providing IAC among healthcare workers. Results: A total of 500 records were sampled: 249(49.8%) in the intervention period and 251(51.2%) in the pre-intervention period. The mean age of clients was 34.8 years (SD±12.8), and 326/500 (65.2%) were females. Majority were on a Lopinavir/ritonavir based regimen [314 (62.8%)], and the median duration on ART was 30.8 months (IQR: 12.5–51.7). Over the intervention period, all eligible clients received IAC [249/249 (100.0%)]. Of those, 143 (44.1%) achieved viral load suppression compared to 46 (26.3%) in the pre-intervention period. Receiving IAC significantly increased viral load suppression by 22% (aPR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01–1.47). Participants on Lopinavir/ritonavir-based regimen were less likely to suppress (aPR= 0.11, 95%CI: 0.08–0.15) than those on Efavirenz or Nevirapine based regimens. All the interviewed healthcare workers lauded IAC for improving ART adherence. However, non-disclosure, social-economic constraints, lack of a multidisciplinary team and work overload hindered adherence during IAC. Conclusions: The full potential of IAC in achieving viral suppression in this setting has not been reached, probably due to a combination of the health care system and patient-related factors. Provision of adequate IAC necessities and use of patient centered approach during IAC should be emphasized to obtain the maximum benefit of IAC.
A Case of Picking Calcified Plaque In The Common Femoral Artery With A Long Needle: The “Calc-Pick Technique”
Authors: Iwasaki Yoshihiro , Hirano Shojiro , Funatsu Atsushi , Kobayashi Tomoko , Nakamura Shigeru , Ikeda Takanori 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
An 88-year-old male had intermittent claudication of his right leg. Angiography revealed severely calcified plaque in the common femoral artery. Endovascular treatment was performed by contralateral approach. We attempted to penetrate the center of the calcified plaque and perform balloon dilatation. However, a 0.014-inch stiff guidewire could not enter center of the lesion. Thus, we used a inner cylinder of 15-cm 20G long needle directly through the retrograde femoral sheath and successfully introduce the guidewire into the calcified plaque. Crosser and balloon dilatation resulted 50% stenosis. To cross the center of calcified plaque is important to get sufficient lumen gain at the nonstenting zone.
Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid (SAHA) Treatment Reveals Crosstalk Among Proteome, Phosphorylome and Acetylome in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Huang Huichao , Fu Ying , Zhang Ye , Peng Fang , Lu Miaolong , Chen Zhuchu , Li Maoyu , Chen Yongheng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), as a famous histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, has been utilized in clinical treatment for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Previously the mechanisms underlying SAHA anti-tumor mainly focused on acetylome. However, the characteristics of SAHA in terms of other protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) and the crosstalk between various modifications are poorly understood. Our previous work revealed that SAHA has the anti-tumor activity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells as well. In this study, we reported that the profiles of global proteome, acetylome and phosphorylome of 5-8F cells upon SAHA induction and the crosstalk between these data sets. Overall, we detected and quantified 6491 proteins, 2456 phosphorylated proteins and 228 acetylated proteins toward SAHA treatment in 5-8F cells. In addition, we identified 46 proteins which all exhibited both acetylation and phosphorylation. With the aid of intensive bioinformatics analyses, multiple cellular processes and signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis and metabolism were clustered, including TCA cycle, glycolysis, EGFR signaling and Myc signaling pathways. Taken together, this study highlighted the interconnectivity of acetylation and phosphorylation signaling networks and suggested SAHA may influent cellular response by affecting both types of protein modifications in 5-8F cells. Further our work also paved the way for the predictive and personalized treatment of NPC patients.
Exploring Corticomuscular Coupling During Active and Passive Movements using Electroencephalography and Surface Electromyography
Authors: Wang Junhong , Zhuo zihao , Wang Ting , Kong Wanzeng , Wang Huijiao , Xue Anke , Xi Xugang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose The rehabilitation training of stroke patients based on their movement intentions can improve their chances of recovery because movement intention affords greater integration of the brain and muscle functions during training. Against this backdrop, in this study, we acquired the electroencephalography (EEG) and surface electromyography (sEMG) data related to the grasping movements of 14 healthy subjects in the active- and passive-movement modes to explore corticomuscular coupling in these modes. Methods Transfer entropy (TE) was calculated between EEG and EMG signals in different frequency bands. We also calculated the power spectral density (PSD) of EEG signals. In order to study the transmission of information between different brain regions, we also constructed a corticomuscular network (CMN) , and calculated various network metrics using graph theory.Results The power spectral density of active movement in the beta band was significantly greater than that of passive movement, and the spectral power ratio of the beta and alpha bands also increases. TE value of active movement was significantly higher than that of passive movement. The corticomuscular network metrics between these two movement modes were different.Conclusion Movement intention has a great influence on human movement. Active movement enhances the information interaction between brain regions and muscles, and higher information-transmission efficiency.
Rosaceae Rubus Rosifolius Smith: Nutritional, Bioactive And Antioxidant Potential Of Unconventional Fruits
Authors: Jansen-Alves Cristina , Pereira Juliana , Otero Deborah M. , Zambiazi Rui Carlos 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Porpuse: Rubus are economically important fruits, being highly valued for their taste and medicinal properties, for which it is estimated that there are between 400 to 700 species but many of them are still unknown by the population. Methods: The literature does not present much information regarding the physicochemical, bioactive composition and antioxidant activity of Rosaceae Rubus rosifolius Smith and for this reason this research was carried out. Results: The fruits presented low content of lipids (7.42%) and ash (0.27%), intermediate values of protein (11.54%), and with considerable content fiber (23.72%) and carbohydrates (59.18%), low acidity, and interesting values of soluble solids. Regarding bioactive compounds, good concentrations of phenolic compounds (289.4 (mg. g− 1 EAG), flavonoids (155 mg100g− 1), anthocyanins (120.11 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside 100g− 1) and phytoene (517.3 mg100g− 1). Conclusion: The wild strawberry showed good antioxidant capacity verified by different methods of analysis. Given the findings of this research, it is observed that this fruit has nutritional and phytochemical potential to be inserted in the human diet and therefore its consumption should be encouraged.
Cross-Sectional Household Transmission Study of Cryptosporidium Shows that C. Hominis Infections are A Key Risk Factor for Spread.
Authors: McKerr Caoimhe , Chalmers Rachel M , Elwin Kristin , Jones Heather , Vivancos Roberto , O’Brien Sarah J , Christley Robert M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundInfection with the Cryptosporidium parasite causes over 4,000 cases of diagnosed illness (cryptosporidiosis) in England and Wales each year. The incidence of sporadic disease has not been sufficiently established, and how frequently this arises from contact with other infected people is not well documented.This project aimed to explore potential transmission in the home and attempt to identify asymptomatic infections, which might play a role in transmission. Risk factors and characteristics associated with spread of infection in the home were described including any differences between Cryptosporidium species.MethodsThe study identified cryptosporidiosis cases from North West England and Wales over a year and invited them and their household to take part. Each household was sent a study pack containing study information and a questionnaire, and stool sample kits to provide samples from consenting household members. Cryptosporidium-positive stool samples, identified by immunofluorescence microscopy, were characterised using molecular methods to help describe any patterns of transmission. Characteristics of households with and without additional cases were described, and compared using odds ratios (OR) and a multivariable logistic regression identified independent risk factors for household transmission. Data collection ran for one year, beginning in September 2018 with an initial pilot phase. ResultsWe enrolled 128 index cases and their households.Additional illness occurred in over a quarter of homes, each reporting an average of two additional cases. The majority of these were undiagnosed and unreported to surveillance. This burden was even greater in households where the index case was infected with C. hominis versus C. parvum, or the index case was under five years old, with mums and siblings most at risk of secondary infection. Only having an index case of C. hominis was independently associated with transmission in the multivariable model (OR= 4.46; p=0.01).ConclusionsCryptosporidium was a considerable burden in the home. At-risk homes were those where the index was less than five years old and/or infected with C. hominis. Of particular risk were female caregivers and siblings. Hygiene advice should be specifically directed here.This work provides evidence for humans as sources of C. hominis infection and that person-person is a key pathway. We recommend that all stools submitted for the investigation of gastrointestinal pathogens are tested for Cryptosporidium to better capture cases, inclusion of speciation data in routine surveillance, and the consideration of specific clinical advice on prevention for high-risk homes.
NSUN6 as a Key RNA Methylation Regulator in Colon Cancer
Authors: Zhao Qian , Sun Zhao , Li Hongyi , Li Jingyi , Chen Fengmei , Wang Muxi , Jiang Hongqiang , Sun Tongwen , Liu Zhangsuo , Fu Yang , Yang Jing-Hua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

RNA methylation plays an important role in epigenetic modifications, which involves in the regulation of RNA processing, stability and translation. While the cross-talking and the mechanism of multi-type RNA methylation in colon cancer needs further investigation. Here we report the comprehensive analysis of the RNA methylation regulators for N6-methyladenosine, N1-metylasdenosine and 5-methylcytosine in the tumorigenesis and progression of colon cancer.
Methods

The mRNA expression and genetic mutation of 40 RNA modification regulators in patients with colon cancer were obtained from TCGA and GEO database. Consensus clustering is applied to classify the patients based on the regulator expression. The patients with different survival rates are examined for their gene mutations, biological pathways, and immune properties. The regulators with the highest vimp score are identified to be important for survival using the improved random forest analysis method. Biopsy samples from 108 patients are used to validate the key regulators using tissue microarray and specific antibodies. Finally, the mechanism underlying the methylation regulators is further examined by GSVA and correlation analysis.
Results

The patients are clearly clustered into two groups with different survivals. The patients with the worse survival are correlated with dysregulated KRAS signaling, hypoxia and immune responses. They are also prone to increased stromal scores and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Markedly, m5C methyltransferase NSUN6 is identified as the most significant regulator for prognosis. The upregulated expression of NSUN6 is further proved in 108 patients by immunohistochemistry and tissue array, suggesting its association with better prognosis and lower tumor staging. Bioinformatic analysis indicates that NSUN6 enhances the expression of E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXW7, activates ubiquitin-proteolysis and suppresses oncogene expression.
Conclusions

Patients with colon cancer are clearly clustered into different survivals by RNA methylation regulators, and the worse prognosis is relevant to dysregulated KRAS signaling, hypoxia and immune response. NSUN6 is found to prolong the survival and strongly correlated with FBXW7 that reduces the oncogene expression and activates the ubiquitin-proteolysis.
Association of Residential Proximity to the Coast With Incident Myocardial Infarction: a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: dong zhuang xiao , zhao zhang shao , xun hu , xue liao xin , zhen liao li 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundLittle is known about how the residential distance to the coast is associated with incident myocardial infarction (MI) and which mechanisms may explain the association. We aim to explore this association using data from a prospective, population-based cohort with unprecedented sample size and broad geographical coverage.MethodsThree hundred seventy-seven thousand three hundred forty participants from the UK Biobank were included. Results4,059 MI occurred during median 8.0 years follow-up. Using group (<1 km) as reference, group (20-50 km) was associated with a lower risk of MI (hazard ratio, HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.64-0.98) and a U-shaped relation between distance to the coast and MI was shown with the low-risk interval between 32 km and 64 km (Pnonlinear=0.0012). Using participants of the intermediate region (32-64 km) as a reference, participants of the offshore region (<32 km) and inland region (>64 km) were both associated with a higher risk of incident MI (HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.04-1.21 and HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.01-1.18, respectively). HR for offshore region (<32 km) was larger in subgroup with low total physical activity (<24 hours/week) (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.09-1.42, Pinteraction= 0.043). HR for inland region (>64 km) was larger in subgroup in urban area (HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.03-1.22, Pinteraction=0.065) and in subgroup of high nitrogen dioxide air pollution (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.11-1.50, Pinteraction=0.021).ConclusionWe found a U-shaped association between residential distance to the coast and incident MI, and the association was modified by physical activity, population density, and air pollution.
Modeling of Mitral Chordae’s Length In Echocardiography As A Function of Their Manual Measurement In The Operating Room
Authors: GUN Mesut , BARRY Misbaou , BOHBOT Yohann , TRIBOUILLOY Christophe , TOUATI Gilles 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveIn mitral insufficiency, trans-esophageal echocardiography (TEE) analysis of the mitral valve is an indispensable and irreplaceable examination to establish precisely the type of surgical repair to be performed and the exact length of neo-chordae to be used for an anatomical repair. The aim of our study is to find a predictive model of the Echographic Measurement (EM) variable according to the Manual Measurement (MM) variable of the mitral valve chordae, when the echocardiography measurement is not feasible.Patients and methodsThis is a retrospective study on 191 patients undergoing mitral valve repair. The sex ratio (M/F) is 2.13 (130 men and 61 women). The collection of data of mitral chordae measurements performed echographically in preoperatively conditions, and then manually in intraoperatively conditions from January 2008 to December 2016 was made from the medical records of patients at the cardiology and cardiac surgery department of the University Hospital Center of Amiens in Picardy. ResultsFor this study 191 patients of mean age of 68 ± 13 years were included. The averages of the MM and EM of the mitral chordae were respectively 23 ± 2.5 mm and 24 ± 2.4 mm. The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.897 (p-value <10⁻⁴) showing a strong positive correlation between MM and EM. The results of the linear regression allow us to found the following mathematical model : EM = 0.87x MM + 4.ConclusionsWhen patients have a contraindication to transesophageal echocardiography or when TEE is not feasible, manual measurement is performed during the surgery. By using the values obtained (MM) in the model, it is possible to predict the corresponding echographic measurements. This allows us to achieve the mitral tendinous chordae substitution with a very high precision.Trial registrationRetrospectively registered.
Effects of OK-432 Chemical Pleurodesis for Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Zhang Kai , Wang Weibin , Wu Weibin , Wu Yonghui , Chen Huiguo , Li Xiaojun , Zhang Jian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Ipsilateral recurrence rate of primary spontaneous pneumothorax after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is higher than that after open surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of additional OK-432 pleurodesis after pleural abrasion for primary spontaneous pneumothorax patients.
Methods
This is a case-control study enrolling a total of 254 patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax. 130 patients underwent blebs resection and pleural abrasion in the control group. 124 patients were enrolled in the OK-432 group, in which 1 Klinische Einheit of OK-432 was injected into thoracic cavity after surgery.
Resuts
: Patients demonstrated a trend of decreased rate of prolonged air leak in the OK-432 group (2.42% vs 19.23%, p < 0.001). After a median follow-up of 36 months (range, 2–69 months), the rate of ipsilateral pneumothorax recurrence was lower in the OK-432 group than it in control group (p = 0.023). OK-432 pleurodesis is the most important factor reducing the risk of recurrence (relative risk: 0.13, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.02 to 1.03)), and prolonged air leak patients had an increased risk of recurrence (relative risk: 11.69; 95% CI: 3.41 to 40.04).
Conclusion
OK-432 pleurodesis after pleural abrasion can reduce the risk of recurrence. OK-432 pleurodesis is a safe and effective method for reducing the rate of postoperative air leak and ipsilateral recurrence after thoracoscopic surgery.
Evolutionary and Expression Analysis of CAMTA Gene Family in Three Species (Arabidopsis, Maize and Tomato), and Gene Expression in Response to Developmental Stages
Authors: Saidi Abbas , Hajibarat Zohreh 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The calmodulin-binding transcriptional activator (CAMTA) family has been known to be one of the fast responsive stress proteins. In this study, 17 CAMTA genes were selected in Arabidopsis, tomato and maize. The chromosomal distributions, gene structures, duplication patterns, phylogenetic tree, and developmental stage of the 17 CAMTA genes in the three species were analyzed to further investigate their functions. According to the synteny analysis, CAMTA genes of maize and tomato revealed higher similarity with each other as compared with Arabidopsis. A higher than 90 percent identity was observed between maize CAMTA genes (ZmCAMTA2 and ZmCAMTA3) and tomato CAMTA genes (SlCAMTA4, SlCAMTA4.1). To detect expression levels in different plant tissues, mRNA analysis of CAMTA genes were performed using publicly available expression data in the genvestigator. The aim of study was to identify and characterize CAMTA genes in three species, for the first time, via insilico genome-wide analysis approach. AtCAMTA1 and AtCAMTA2 and SlCAMTA2 and ZmCAMTA1 and ZmCAMTA2 genes were up-regulated during all developmental stages. The conserved motifs and gene structure in most proteins in each group were similar, validating the CAMTA phylogenetic classification. This study could be considered as a useful source for future CAMTA comparative studies in different plant species.
Surgical Management of a Giant Right Coronary Aneurysm Presenting As An Inferior ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Wiesner Joshua George , Schmidt Matthew A , Roitstein Alexander 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: A coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) is an uncommon finding, which can have several different cardiac presentations including an ischemic event or cardiac mass. If ruptured, a CAA can create a surgical emergency. Case Presentation: A 79-year-old white male presented for evaluation of weakness. His ECG suggested acute inferior myocardial ischemia. Coronary angiography revealed a totally occluded mid portion of the right coronary artery (RCA) with suggestion of an aneurysmal segment. This was confirmed by computed tomographic imaging. After consideration of all options, the patient elected to underdo surgical intervention. The patient underwent removal of thrombotic material and a single vessel coronary bypass graft to the posterior descending artery. He had an uneventful post-operative course and recovered well. Conclusions: A CAA can be a surgical emergency. In the following case, additional imaging and time allowed the surgical team to plan for surgical intervention. There is no uniform management for CAA, however, surgical intervention is often the strategy of choice, the specifics of which are dictated by each individual case.