bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
مظاهر تدخل قاضي العقد في تنفيذ العقود الإدارية وإنهائها في القانون الفرنسي
Authors: إسماعيل علي يونس 
Published: April 2021

تتناول هذه الدراسة موضوعاً حيوياً من مواضيع القانون الإداري، وهو موضوع تدخل قاضي العقد في تنفيذ العقود الإدارية من خلال دعاوى القضاء الكامل التي ترفع بشأن منازعات العقود الإدارية. هذا التدخل الذي يسمح بفرض الجزاء المناسب على المخالفات العقدية وصولاً للتنفيذ الصحيح للعقد.
وتبدأ الدراسة بتناول المظهر الأول لتدخل القاضي وهو التدخل غير المباشر، وذلك من خلال دعوى المسؤولية العقدية اولاً، ودعوى تفسير العقد ثانياً. اما المظهر الثاني فيتصل بالتدخل المباشر للقاضي الإداري في التنفيذ، وإحتمال إصداره أمراً لأطراف العقد. والأمر الذي يصدره القاضي يمكن ان يكون على شكل عقوبة. أو على شكل إصدار أمر لأحد الاطراف في العقد للقيام بفعل أو عمل، ومثاله الأمر الذي يوجهه القاضي لتصحيح أحد بنود العقد.
واخيراً تناولت الدراسة مسألة سلطة القاضي بشأن إنهاء العقد الإداري مظهراً ثالثاً من مظاهر تدخله في تنفيذ العقد، والسلطات التي يملكها بشان إنهاء العقد أو الإستمرار في تنفيذه إذا تقدم أحد الأطراف بطلب الإنهاء بسبب إخلال الطرف بأحد إجراءات التنفيذ
Foreign Language Teachers’ Intercultural Competence as a New Aspect of Professional Development
Authors: Gazioğlu Merve , Tanyeri Buket 
Published: April 2021

This mixed-method study aims to offer an insight into foreign language teachers’ perceptions on the relationship between intercultural competence and professional development. It is also attempted to explore some methods for evaluating teachers’ intercultural competence through their professional development activities. The research participants are local and international instructors at a private university in Turkey. Data was collected via a web-based questionnaire adapted from Sercu (2006) and a semi-structured interview designed by the researchers. The general findings of the study indicate that learning about a) target culture, b) local culture, and c) international students’ culture contribute to foreign language teachers’ intercultural competence and it is considered as a part of their professional development. However, it is pointed out that pre-service and in-service teacher training programs in Turkey cannot provide sufficient facilities to develop teachers’ intercultural competence. Key words: professional development, intercultural competence, foreign language teaching.
KESIAPAN INDUSTRI KECIL DAN MENENGAH DALAM MENGHADAPI REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Widayani Anna , Yuniarti Dwi Ariani Finda 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kesiapan industri kecil dan menengah dalam menghadapi revolusi industri 4.0 pada industri kecil dan menengah di kota Blitar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian explanatory research. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu 97 pelaku industri kecil dan menengah subsektor makanan dan minuman di kota Blitar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai Average Variance Extracted (AVE) untuk variabel Manajemen Organisasi sebesar 0,767; variabel Orang dan Budaya sebesar 0,808; variabel Produk dan Layanan sebesar 0,705; variabel Teknologi sebesar 0,709 dan variabel Operasi Pabrik sebesar 0,705. Artinya kelima variabel tersebut berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kesiapan industri kecil dan menengah dalam menghadapi revolusi industri 4.0.
Level of Postural Awareness Among Teaching Staff of University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Muzaffarabad
Authors: Sherazi Syeda Abida Hussain , Batool Syeda Maham , Qadar Umara , Hameed Shagufta , Shah Syed Tayyib , Basit Sheikh Abdul 
Published: April 2021

Postural problems are very common these days among youth including office workers, University staff, students and from other walks of life.Objective: To evaluate the level of postural awareness and proper positioning during differenttasks performed by teaching staff of University of Azad Jammu &Kashmir, Muzzafarabad (UAJ&K).Methodology: A cross-sectional study with purposive sampling technique was conducted in UAJ&K. In this study 100 faculty members, bothmale and females, with age between 25 to 55 years were included. 54% were males. The data was analyzed on SPSS version 22.Results: 63% worked for 4-8 hours daily, 95%,respondents traveled 1-7 hour daily and 61% had knowledge about posture, among them 47% had back and 20% had neck pain. Majority of the teaching staff used improper positioning during different work.Conclusions: There was moderate level of information regarding correct positioning duringwork in different environment. They used improper postures which leads to physical abnormality,absenteeism, increased expenditure on their treatment.
Frequency and Reoccurrence of Ankle Sprain in Young Male Athletes of University of Lahore
Authors: . Zaib-un-Nisa , Zaheer Anna , Jafri Munam Raza , Waqas Muhammad 
Published: April 2021

Nowadays, ankle sprain is a common injury among athlete which may cause disabilities, functional limitations and limited participation in sports related events. Objective: To find out the frequency and reoccurrence of ankle sprain among young male athletes of the University of Lahore. Methodology: A cross sectional survey was conducted by using self-made questionnaire validated by pilot study to check the frequency and reoccurrence of ankle sprain in 80 young male athletes of University of Lahore. Collected data was statistically calculated by SPSS version 21.0. Results: The study showed that among 80 participants only 38 (47.5%) suffered ankle sprain and 42 (52.5%) never experienced ankle sprain. Among 38 athletes who had the injury, 20(52.6%) s u f f e r e d i n j u r y i n 2 0 1 6 . T h e o n e - t i m e reoccurrence of ankle sprain among participants was 36.8%, twice reoccurrences was present among 36.8%, three times among 21.1%, four times among 2.6% and five times in 2.6% in population. Conclusions: This study concluded that frequency of ankle sprain in athletes of university of Lahore was moderate and reoccurrence rate of ankle sprainwas high among athletes. Ankle sprain was associated with uneven surface and type of footwear. It is recommended to conduct this study by considering these factors. Another recommendation is to conduct study in other institution as well
Impact of Restless Leg Syndrome on Fatigue and Quality of Life Among Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Nasir Saad Ali , Amjad Fareeha , Rafaqat Sana 
Published: April 2021

Abstract:Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a sensorymotor sleep disorder which his very common in hemodialysis (HD) patients. It is called also as uremic RLS and it is affecting almost 30%of the HD population. Objective: To find out impact of Restless Leg Syndrome on fatigue and quality of life in patients of hemodialysis.Methadology: 131 hemodialysis patients (male, female) were approached from different hospitals in Lahore. Demographic data of the patients were collected. Questionnaires were included Fatigue Severity Scale, Restless Legs Syndrome Questionnaire (Rating Scale) and health quality questionnaire SF-12®. All responses entered in SPSS version 21.Results: In this survey SF12 was used to nd about health related quality of life in patients with RLS and undergoing hemodialysis and fatigue was observed in (n-75%) patients with exercise, (n34%) reported fatigue interference with work and (n-22%) reported fatigue was constant problem. Quality of life was overall poor as (n-72 %) patient's complaint that they cannot do any kind of work with full focus and 34 % reported their moderate activity level was limited.Conclusion: RLS was frequent in patients with hemodialysis. it had an association with fatigue and poor quality of life. As hemodialysis patients spend most of their time on bed RLS has negative impact on the sleep. Health Related Quality Of Life affects both physical and mental health.Keywords: Restless Leg Syndrome, Fatigue, low quality oflife, Hemodialysis patients
SISTEM SYARIAH DALAM SOROTAN
Authors: Safwan Safwan 
Published: April 2021

In fact, a proper understanding of sharia is a goal while fiqh is the path used to get to that goal. Sharia can also be understood as God's message sent to mankind through the intermediaries of the Prophets, while fiqh is the result of the understanding and interpretation of a mujtahid of the message so that the results of that interpretation allow true and possible to be wrong. The standard for assessing whether a legal decision is sharia compliant or not, in fact the main consideration is whether the law really contains elements of justice, benefit, mercy, wisdom, and other noble values. Sharia appraisers and not actually not located on the label or claim, but rather is the substance. Comparison of positive law and sharia law in this case is related to the execution of fiduciary guarantees, apparently positive law is no less Islamic than the law which is said to be more sharia. Evidently, the execution of fiduciary guarantees when the customer defaults turns out to be more beneficial decision made by positive law than sharia law which in this case is represented by the decision of the DSN-MUI Fatwa, and there are many other examples that we might find.
Keyword: Sharia, Fiqh, Positive and Sharia law, Fiduciary Guarantee, DSN-MUI Fatwa.

Abstrak
Sebenarnya, pemahaman yang tepat tentang syariah merupakan sebuah tujuan sedangkan fikih merupakan jalan yang digunakan untuk bisa sampai kepada tujuan tersebut. Syariah juga dapat dipahami sebagai pesan Tuhan yang diturunkan kepada umat manusia melalui perantara para Nabi, sedangkan fikih merupakan hasil pemahaman dan penafsiran seorang mujtahid terhadap pesan tersebut sehingga hasil penafsiran tersebut memungkinkan benar dan memungkinkah salah. Standar untuk menilai apakah suatu keputusan hukum itu sesuai syariah ataukah tidak, sebenarnya pertimbangan utamanya adalah apakah hukum tersebut memang benar-benar memuat unsur keadilan, maslahat, rahmat, hikmah, dan nilai-nilai luhur lainnya. Penilai syariah dan bukan sebenarnya tidak terletak pada label atau klaim, melainkan adalah substansi. Perbandingan hukum positif dan hukum syariah dalam hal ini adalah berkaitan dengan eksekusi jaminan fidusia ternyata hukum positif tidak kalah Islami dengan hukum yang dikatakan lebih syariah. Terbukti, eksekusi jaminan fidusia tatkala nasabah terjadi wanprestasi ternyata lebih maslahat keputusan yang ditetapkan oleh hukum hukum positif dari pada hukum syariah yang dalam hal ini diwakili oleh keputusan Fatwa DSN-MUI, dan masih banyak contoh lain yang mungkin dapat kita temukan.
Kata kunci: Syariah, Fiqh, Positif dan Hukum Syariah, Jaminan Fidusia, Fatwa DSN-MUI
STRATEGI BAURAN PEMASARAN INDUSTRI TEMPE DI KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Desky Harjoni , Rahmawati Rahmawati 
Published: April 2021

The fall in the sale and purchase figures in the tempe industry in Banda Sakti District, Lhokseumawe City is quite interesting to study. The purpose of this study is to, first, find out the marketing mix strategy; second, knowing the supporting and inhibiting factors; and third, knowing in terms of the tempe home industry Islamic economics. Primary data and secondary data obtained by observation, interviews, and questionnaires, then analyzed using descriptive qualitative methods. The results of the study show: the marketing mix strategy undertaken by the tempe home industry is still traditional, both in terms of product, place, promotion, and price. The supporting factor is one of the traditional foods, which is popular in the community and sterile from chemicals, while the inhibiting factor is the limited raw material for soybeans. The Marketing Mix Strategy in terms of Islamic Economics is as follows: Tempeh products are not prohibited; Prices offered are affordable; Place of marketing in strategic locations and easily accessible; Promotion is not yet fully in accordance with the Islamic economic system, because it has not yet maximized to increase sales, it is evident from the aspect of the strategy that it still is.
Keywords: Marketing Mix Strategy, Tempe Industry, Sharia Economy.

Abstrak
Turunnya angka jual beli tempe di Kecamatan Banda Sakti, Kota Lhokseumawe cukup menarik untuk diteliti. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk, pertama,mengetahui strategi bauran pemasaran yang dilakukan oleh pengusaha industri tempe; kedua, mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat; dan ketiga, mengetahui ditinjau dari ekonomi Islam industri rumah tangga tempe. Data primer dan data sekunder didapat dengan wawancara, observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner, selanjutnya dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasilnya penelitian menunjukkan: strategi bauran pemasaran yang dilakukan industri rumah tangga tempe masih tradisional, baik dari segi produk, tempat, promosi, dan harga. Faktor pendukungnya merupakan salah satu makanan tradisional, yang populer di masyarakat dan seteril dari bahan kimia, sementara faktor penghambatnya, terbatasnya bahan baku kedelai. Strategi Bauran Pemasaran ditinjau dari Ekonomi Islam adalah sebagai berikut: Produk tempe tidak dilarang; Harga ditawarkan terjangkau; Tempat pemasaran di lokasi strategis dan mudah diakses; Promosi belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan sistem ekonomi syariah, karena belum memaksimalkan untuk meningkatkan penjualan, terbukti dari aspek strategi masih seperti apa adanya.
Kata Kunci: Strategi Bauran Pemasaran; Industri Tempe: Ekonomi Syariah.
PENGARUH PERSEPSI KEMUDAHAN, PERSEPSI KEUNTUNGAN, PERSEPSI KEAMANAN TERHADAP MINAT PENGUSAHA MIKRO MENGUNAKAN PRODUK RAHN BANK ACEH SYARIAH DI KABUPATEN BIREUEN
Authors: Haryani Haryani , Asrida Asrida , Aziz Iskandar , Bariah Chairul 
Published: April 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of convenience, profit, safety simultaneously and partially on the public's interest in using the rahn product of Bank Aceh Syariah in Bireuen Regency. This research is a quantitative study using multiple linear regression analysis method with a total of 31 respondents. The results of this study indicate that the perception of convenience, the perception of profit and the perception of security simultaneously have a significant effect on the interest of micro entrepreneurs in using the rahn products of Bank Aceh Syariah in Bireuen Regency. The perception of convenience has a significant influence on the interest of micro entrepreneurs in using Bank Aceh Syariah rahn products in Bireuen Regency. Perceptions of profit have a significant influence on the interest of micro entrepreneurs in using Bank Aceh Syariah rahn products in Bireuen Regency. Perceptions of security have a significant influence on the interest of micro entrepreneurs in using Bank Aceh Syariah rahn products in Bireuen Regency.

Keywords: Perception, Interests, Rahn, Profits, Security, Ease

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kemudahan, keuntungan, keamanan secara serempak dan parsial terhadap minat masyarakat menggunakan produk rahn Bank Aceh Syariah di Kabupaten Bireuen. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode analisis regresi linier berganda dengan total responden sebanyak 31 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa persepsi kemudahan, persepsi keuntungan dan persepsi keamanan secara serempak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat pengusaha mikro dalam menggunakan produk rahn Bank Aceh Syariah Di Kabupaten Bireuen. Persepsi kemudahan mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap minat pengusaha mikro dalam menggunakan produk rahn Bank Aceh Syariah di Kabupaten Bireuen. Persepsi keuntungan mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap minat pengusaha mikro dalam menggunakan produk rahn Bank Aceh Syariah di Kabupaten Bireuen. Persepsi keamanan mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap minat pengusaha mikro dalam menggunakan produk rahn Bank Aceh Syariah di Kabupaten Bireuen.

Kata kunci: Persepsi, Minat, Rahn, Keuntungan, Keamanan, Kemudahan
Management of War Limb Injuries in the 21st Century
Authors: Katsaras A. 
Published: April 2021

Background: War trauma includes some of the most complex injury entities that require complex techniques, often in austere settings. After body armor use and advanced resuscitation and evacuation plans, limb injuries and salvage has increased. In this article, we review the recent war injured care, regarding limb injuries.
Methods: Retrospective literature search in PubMed was conducted for articles after 2010, regarding initial limb salvage and advanced reconstruction after evacuation. 43 published articles and manuals were included in the review, so that the latest protocols be interpreted.
Results: Protocols of war surgery and extremity injuries have changed in modern warfare, as high energy weapons often cause severe limb injuries affecting multiple tissues. Of utmost importance is the thorough debridement and staged reconstruction, after optimization of injured tissue condition. In priority series, vascular, bony, nerve and soft tissue injuries have to be addressed. Reconstruction techniques must be adapted to each injury.
Conclusion: As weapons evolve and war conduction changes, medical care must constantly evolve, too, in order to meet the standard of care required to achieve extremity salvage and good functionality.
About the Origin of the Dark Energy and the Zero Mass/Energy Universe
Authors: Frohberg Guenter 
Published: April 2021

Based on the Gravito-Electro-Magnetic (GEM) equations as another form (for low fields) of Einstein's Equations of General Relativity Theory (GRT) an equation is derived for the total energy density in the universe, including the gravitational fields, the contribution thereof is always negative and so it seems to represents the Dark Energy (DE). When calculating the total energy of the universe from this equation, the result is near to zero because of negative contributions from gravitational fields, depending a little on the available parameters of the universe as e.g. it's baryonic mass. Thus the assumption is given a high amount of probability, that the total energy (mass) in the universe is really zero and very likely is always zero. This would mean, that the universe developed from empty space-time or from nothing (may be by quantum fluctuations). Looking on the development it could be that the average energy density is zero for each sufficient large part of the universe at any time, except for very local deviations (e.g. galaxies, black holes etc.). As a consequence the expansion of the universe is probably not retarded by gravity (thus the Friedmann equation and others do not apply). The expansion of the universe can be considered as driven by the pressure of a gas-like medium with positive masses as by intergalactic gas, dust, stars and galaxies. Conclusions are drawn as to the interpretation of the formation of voids in the universe, flat space etc.
Interleukin Deficiency Disorder Patient Responses to COVID-19 Infections
Authors: Gillis Bruce S. , Gavin Igor M. , Barkhordar Farnaz , Mohapatra Gayatry , Jin Ming , Behm Frederick G. 
Published: April 2021

Background: The chemokine, cytokine interleukin deficiency disorder defines the immune deficiency disease of fibromyalgia and a reduced ability to produce IL-6 and IL-8. Recent research has demonstrated improved outcomes in COVID-19 infections treated with IL-6 antagonists.9 These fibromyalgia cytokine deficient patients were screened for COVID-19 infections and associated morbidity and mortality rates.
Methods: Two cohorts of FM/a test positive fibromyalgia patients were evaluated. Initially, 4,631 patients were screened to determine the occurrence of known COVID-19 infections. Subsequently, 2,195 FM/a test positive patients underwent COVID-19 antibody testing.
Results: A total of 7,375 fibromyalgia patients were screened for the occurrence of COVID-19 infections. Of these, 4,631 individuals responded to an email-based inquiry to determine the occurrence of documented COVID-19 infections. Only 10 reported having symptoms consistent with and were diagnosed with COVID-19 by a healthcare professional, making for an incidence of .22%. Another 2,195 fibromyalgia patients completed health questionnaires and COVID-19 antibody testing and 82 had evidence of COVID-19 antibodies with 42 exhibiting symptoms and confirmed diagnoses. Of the remaining, 23 were asymptomatic. There were no deaths and only 1 hospitalization in this group.
Conclusion: Individuals with FM/a test positive fibromyalgia have a reduced ability to produce IL-6 and IL-8 which play significant roles in the cytokine storm complications associated with COVID-19 infections. When screened for evidence of past COVID-19 infections, these patients experienced an extremely low incidence of COVID-19 infections based upon antibody testing, there were no mortalities and the level of morbidity was significantly below what has been reported in general populations.
Comparative Effects of Rice and Melon Wastes on Sitophillus Zeamais, Storage Pest of Maize Grains in Nigeria
Authors: Olorunmota R. T. , Ofuya T. I. , Idoko J. E. , Ogundeji B. A. 
Published: April 2021

World’s calories supply from maize accounts for 20% but global postharvest grain loss caused by insect pests was estimated to be 10%. Control is mostly by synthetic insecticides with consequences such as insect resurgence and resistance and negative effect on non- target organisms. Maize grain losses to weevils are so enormous that effective local solution has to be sought. Thus this research aimed at assessing the effectiveness of powders and ash of rice husk and melon shell in controlling Sitophillus zeamais (Mots) in stored maize. Four treatments, Rice husk powder (RHP), Rice husk ash (RHA), Melon shell powder (MSP) and Melon shell ash (MSA) were applied at eight levels of 0 - 2.0 g 20 g-1 maize grain in three replicates. Five pairs (males and females) of freshly emerged S. zeamais were introduced into each treatment. Mortality test was carried out on the insects at 48 and 96 hours after introduction. Germination test was conducted on ten randomly selected grains after weevil emergence. Significantly higher (p≤0.05) mortality was recorded in treated seeds than the control. Virtually 100% mortality of S. zeamais was attained in both RHA and MSA treated maize in 96hrs at all application rates. Mean adult emergence in maize treated with both RHA and MSA were zero, with no weight loss like those of grains treated with standard control of P. guinensis. Also maize grain treated with Rice husk ash (RHA) and Melon shell ash (MSA) recorded a mean WPI of zero irrespective of application rates as in P. guinensis. The mean percentage germination of maize grain was significantly higher (p≤0.05) in P. guinensis than those recorded on treatments, while germination of treated maize is higher than the control. Thus rice husk and melon shell are effective alternatives to insecticides against S. zeamais in stored maize.
Toxicological Effects of Antituberculosic Chemotherapy in Adults: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Aguiar Viviane Ferraz Ferreira de , Carvalho Dayara de Nazaré Rosa de , Bendelaque Dandara de Fátima Ribeiro , Neves Lorena Nayara Alves , Sobrinho Celice Ruanda Oliveira , Rocha Paula Sousa da Silva , Costa Rafael Everton Assunção Ribeiro da , Nascimento Cidianna Emanuelly Melo do , Souza Susi dos Santos Barreto de , Dergan Marcela Raissa Asevedo , Brito Mioni Thieli Figueiredo Magalhães , Quaresma Juarez Antônio Simões 
Published: April 2021

Objective: To analyze the toxicological effects of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy in adults in national and international literature in the period from 2015 to 2020.
Methodology: It is a qualitative descriptive research, of the type Integrative Literature Review (ILR). In the VHL databases PubMed / Medline, Arca, Web of Science, Microsoft Academic and Cochrane Library. Data analysis was performed with the aid of the IRaMuTeQ software.
Results: 36 articles were found in which the following categories were created: 1) Association of hepatotoxicity and appearance of liver damage; 2) The incidence of adverse events related to antituberculin therapy; 3) Risk factors of regular consumption of antituberculins; 4) Intensive renal treatment for patients with nephrotoxicity.
Conclusion: in our review we identified that the elderly, HIV positive and alcohol users are more likely to have toxicological effects during treatment, which can lead to a possible abandonment of treatment.