bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesenchymal stem cells and their secretome - candidates for safe and effective therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Popis Małgorzata , Konwerska Aneta , Partyka Małgorzata , Wieczorkiewicz Maria , Ciesiółka Sylwia , Stefańska Katarzyna , Spaczyńska Julia , Golkar-Narenji Afsaneh , Jeseta Michal , Bukowska Dorota , Mozdziak Paul , Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska Marta 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
More than 80 diseases are currently classified as autoimmune, with a rising prevalence throughout the world. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is classified as a systemic autoimmune disorder, but the exact pathogenesis of SLE remains elusive. Currently available treatment strategies offer only the possibility for disease remission making it essential to develop more effective and safer strategies for treatment. Recently MSCs are gaining attention as attractive therapeutic tools for autoimmune disease treatment. Special focus should be given to MSCs originated from perinatal tissues such as Wharton's jelly, as they present unique immunomodulatory properties and remarkably low immunogenicity. MSCs exert their immunomodulatory effects via direct cell-to-cell communication as well as in a paracrine manner, creating possibility to apply secretome of MSCs as an individual therapeutic tool. Although the secretome of MSCs has not yet been utilized in SLE treatment, its efficacy has been suggested in other disorders, such as multiple sclerosis or Alzheimer's disease. Regular administration of paracrine factors derived from MSCs could potentially effect in significant reduction of SLE symptoms and in maintenance of disease remission.
Effectiveness of embryo transfer in cows - risk factors including in vivo derived and in vitro produced embryos
Authors: Wieczorkiewicz Maria , Jaśkowski Jędrzej M. , Wichtowska Agnieszka , Olszewska-Tomczyk Monika , Jaśkowski Bartłomiej M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer is a biotech method with more than 50 years of history and an established position in cattle breeding. This procedure is beneficial in many ways, but it also carries a risk of failure. The study presents the overview of the most important risk factors that may affect conception rates in the course of embryo transfer, including the factors associated with the embryo sourcing (embryo production method, embryo quality, development stage and breed, embryo storage method), embryo transfer procedure (synchrony/asynchrony, embryo transfer difficulty, the time of the transcervical insemination gun passage, depth of embryo deposition, localization and structure of the corpus luteum relative to the follicle and both individual characteristics of donors and recipients (level of concentration of progesterone, the state of health of the udder, lactation level, body condition score and age) and some environmental factors.
Emotional Labour and Deviant Workplace Behaviour among Health Workers
Authors: Okhakhu Clement Osigwe , Adekunle Simon Ayo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates the influence of emotional labour on deviant workplace behaviour (DWB) among health workers in teaching hospitals. The data used have been collected from health workers in two government-owned teaching hospitals through a survey research design and have been analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The paper finds that superficial acting and deep acting are positively related to deviant workplace behaviour among health workers in teaching hospitals, and honest acting has negative but significant contributions to deviant workplace behaviour. The paper concludes that in order for teaching hospitals to achieve person–job fit, health workers in training should be exposed to the reality that they would be required to master their emotions to succeed in their practice. It is therefore recommended that the management of teaching hospitals as well as government organizations should ensure that rules and policies are enforced to curb certain deviant behaviours, which could otherwise easily become norms if taken for granted.
Corporate Board of Directors’ Attributes and Audit Fees
Authors: Sanyaolu Wasiu Abiodun , Tonade Abiola Mukaila , Adejumo Babatunde Titus 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study examines the effect of corporate board of directors’ attributes on audit fees for Nigerian listed Deposit Money Banks (DBMS). The study adopts an ex post facto research design and uses data on 10 deposit money banks sampled via purposive sampling technique using data spanning from 2012 to 2018. Results based on Generalized Method of Moment show that corporate board of directors’ proxies do not significantly influence audit fees of Nigerian deposit money banks. However, firm size and profitability are found to affect external audit fee significantly. The study therefore concludes that corporate boards of directors’ attributes do not individually significantly affect audit fees in Nigerian listed Deposit Money Banks. Arising from the findings, it is recommended that corporate governance practices should be strengthened so as to aid external audit.
Mediation in the Context of Law Acquaintance1
Authors: Martina Urbanová , Lenka Holá , Martin Lakomý 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
As mediation and its support across the European Union have been growing, we can assume that the public is better aware of this option of dispute resolution. The law acquaintance with the focus on mediation has not been studied extensively, although the identification of the current state is crucial for formulating the effective strategies for its broader use. The aim of this paper based on the quantitative survey on a representative sample in the Czech Republic is to examine the mediation awareness and its differences across individual characteristics. The statistical analysis identifies very low awareness of mediation and its aspects. Moreover, this knowledge is higher among people with higher education, among middle-aged people and older people living in bigger municipalities. Based on the findings, the authors suggest that targeted campaigns organised by the state should be conducted through the channels accessible to the sociodemographic groups with lower awareness of mediation.
Music in the Tourism Offering of Rural Regions (The Case of Eastern Croatia)
Authors: Rudan Elena , Stipanović Christian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Music is an important element of a destination’s integrated tourism product, especially in rural regions. This fact raises a variety of issues, in particular with regard to the tourism management of rural destinations. Answers are sought to questions on how music can be valorised to help create a distinctive tourism product, making it necessary to analyse the current state of the music offering before objectives can be set and concrete solutions, devised, to accomplish them. This paper explores the music offering of the rural regions of eastern Croatia and presents the results of a survey of the attitudes of destination managers (managers of tourist boards) in rural regions of eastern Croatia, with special emphasis on traditional music that is increasingly present and contributes to creating distinctive rural destinations (the valorisation of sound and music in the offering should also enhance the inclusion of music in promotion). The studied rural destinations of eastern Croatia are not developed in terms of tourism and their tourist accommodation capacities are very small. Music offering management, together with the valorisation and preservation of traditional values, could help them enhance their distinctiveness in the tourism market.
The qualitative–quantitative approach to microstructural characterization of nanostructured bainitic steels using electron microscopy methods
Authors: Królicka Aleksandra , Janik Aleksandra , Żak Andrzej , Radwański Krzysztof 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Both qualitative and quantitative analyses play a key role in the microstructural characterization of nanobainitic steels focused on their mechanical properties. This research demonstrates various methods of microstructure analysis using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques, taking into account these two approaches. The structural constituents have been qualitatively characterized using TEM and selected area electron diffraction (SAED), together with quantitative analysis based on the misorientation angle (EBSD). Besides, quantitative measurement of austenite with both blocky and film-like morphologies has been carried out. Due to the scale of nanostructured bainite, it is also important to control the thickness of bainitic ferrite and film-like austenite; hence, a method for measuring their thickness is presented. Finally, the possibility of measuring the prior-austenite grain size by the EBSD method is also demonstrated and compared with the conventional grain boundary etching method. The presented methods of qualitative and quantitative analyses form a complementary procedure for the microstructural characterization of nanoscale bainitic steels.
Dose calculation accuracy for photon small fields in treatment planning systems with comparison by Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Abazarfard Mojtaba , Azadeh Payam , Mostaar Ahmad 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Purpose: Advanced radiation therapy techniques use small fields in treatment planning and delivery. Small fields have the advantage of more accurate dose delivery, but with the cost of some complications in dosimetry. Different dose calculation algorithms imported in various treatment planning systems (TPSs) which each of them has different accuracy. Monte Carlo (MC) simulation has been reported as one of the accurate methods for calculating dose distribution in radiation therapy. The aim of this study was the evaluation of TPS dose calculation algorithms in small fields against 2 MC codes.

Methods: A linac head was simulated in 2 MC codes, MCNPX, and GATE. Then three small fields (0.5×0.5, 1×1 and 1.5×1.5 cm2) were simulated with 2 MC codes, and also these fields were planned with different dose calculation algorithms in Isogray and Monaco TPS. PDDs and lateral dose profiles were extracted and compared between MC simulations and dose calculation algorithms.

Results: For 0.5×0.5 cm2 field mean differences in PDDs with MCNPX were 2.28, 4.6, 5.3, and 7.4% and with GATE were -0.29, 2.3, 3 and 5% for CCC, superposition, FFT and Clarkson algorithms respectively. For 1×1 cm2 field mean differences in PDDs with MCNPX were 1.58, 0.6, 1.1 and 1.4% and with GATE were 0.77, 0.1, 0.6 and 0.9% for CCC, superposition, FFT and Clarkson algorithms respectively. For 1.5×1.5 cm2 field mean differences in PDDs with MCNPX were 0.82, 0.4, 0.6 and -0.4% and with GATE were 2.38, 2.5, 2.7 and 1.7% for CCC, superposition, FFT and Clarkson algorithms respectively.

Conclusions: Different dose calculation algorithms were evaluated and compared with MC simulation in small fields. Mean differences with MC simulation decreased with the increase of field sizes for all algorithms.
Quantitative and dosimetric analysis for treating synchronous bilateral breast cancer using two radiotherapy planning techniques
Authors: Mermut Özlem , Ata Aysun Ozsoy , Trabulus Didem Can 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective: We compared mono-isocenter and dual-isocenter plans in synchronous bilateral breast cancer (SBBC), which is defined as tumours occurring simultaneously in both breasts, and evaluated the effects of these differences in plans on organs-at-risk (OARs).

Materials and methods: We evaluated 10 women with early stage, nod negative (Tis-2N0M0) SBBC. The treatment dose was determined to be 50 Gy. We used mean dose and VXGy to evaluate the OARs. To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment plans, Homogeneity index (HI), conformity index (CI) and sigma index (SI) and monitor units (MU) of monoisocenter (MIT) and dual-isocenter (DIT) plans were compared. During bilateral breast planning, for the single-centre plan, the isocenter was placed at the center of both breasts at a depth of 3-4 cm. For the two-center plan, dual-isocenters were placed on the right and left breasts.

Results: No significant difference between the techniques in terms of the scope of the target volume was observed. Statistically significant results were not achieved in MIT and DIT plans for OARs. Upon comparing MIT and DIT, the right-side monitor unit (MU) value in DIT (p = 0.011) was statistically significantly lower than that in MIT. Upon comparing right-left side MIT and DIT, the MU value (p = 0.028) was significantly lower in DIT than MIT.

Conclusion: SBBC irradiation is more complex than unilateral breast radiotherapy. No significant difference between both techniques and OARs was observed. However, we recommend MIT as a priority technique due to the ability to protect OARs, ease of administration during treatment, and the fact that the patient stays in the treatment unit for a shorter period of time.
Dosimetry audit of the CyberKnife accelerator with the SHANE phantom
Authors: Szymański Marcin , Piziorska Maria , Madetko Oskar , Ślusarczyk-Kacprzyk Wioletta , Bulski Wojciech 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to propose a dosimetric audit of the CyberKnife system. Dosimetry audit is an important part of the quality assurance process in radiotherapy. Most of the proposed dosimetric audits are dedicated to classical medical accelerators. Currently, there is no commonly implemented scheme for conducting a dosimetric audit of the CyberKnife accelerator.

Material and methods: To verify the dosimetric and geometric parameters of the entire radiotherapy process, as is required in E2E test procedure, the CIRS SHANE anthropomorphic phantom was used. A tomography with a resolution of 1.5 mm was prepared, five PTVs (Planning Target Volume) of different volumes were drawn; approximately: 88 cm3, 44 cm3, 15 cm3, 7 cm3, 1.5 cm3. Five treatment plans were made using the 6D Skull tracking method, FIXED collimators, RayTracing algorithm. Each treatment plan was verified in a slab Phantom, with a PinPoint chamber. The dose was measured by an ionization chamber type TM31010 Semiflex, placed in the center area of the target.

Results: The result of the QA verification in slab phantom was up to 5,0%. The percentage difference for the measurement in the SHANE phantom was: 4.29%, -1.42%, -0.70%, 1.37%, -1.88% respectively for the targets: 88 cm3, 44 cm3, 15 cm3, 7 cm3, 1.5 cm3.

Conclusions: By analyzing various approaches to small-field dosimetry audits in the literature, it can be assumed that the proposed CyberKnife dosimetric audit using the SHANE phantom is an appropriate method of verification of the radiotherapy process. Particular attention should be paid to the target volume, adjusting it to the system capabilities.
Contribution of soil in the annual effective dose due to radon in the air of some dwellings in the city of Karbala, Iraq
Authors: Hashim Abdalsattar Kareem , Najam Laith Ahmed , Aljomaily Firas Mohammed Ali 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Introduction: The radon isotopes are not as significant as (222Rn) due to the decay of the natural radionuclides (235U), (232Th) and (238U) due to their short half-life, at most. (222Rn) can be classified as among the most harmful radioactive elements in the world.

Material and method: In this analysis, the closed-can technique was used with solid-state nuclear track detectors (CR-39). After forty days of closed dosimeter buried in the soil of the garden, and ninety days from the closed position in the air of some dwellings were collected dosimeter and stripped of nuclear detectors impact of closed groups. For 8 hours, CR-39 detectors were chemically etched by (6.25 N) NaOH solution at 70°C and then registered within an optical microscope.

Result: The levels of soil radon concentrations ranged from 28.44±0.58 to 479.76±2.43 Bq/m3 with a mean value of 220.33±1.64 Bq/m3, while the concentration of radon in the air of certain dwellings varied from (1.95±0.27 to 46.82±0.75) Bq/m3 with an average value of 21.51±0.54 Bq/m3. In comparison, the annual effective dose attributed to radon in soil ranged from 0.71±0.09 mSv/y to 12.10±0.38 mSv/y with an average value of 5.55±0.261 mSv/y, while the annual effective dose in air differed from (0.04±0.02 mSv/y) to (1.18±0.12 mSv/y) with an average value of (0.60±0.09 mSv/y).

Conclusion: Neglecting the effects of other radon sources, the percentage share of the annual effective dose due to radon in soil measured in the air home, ranged from 0.005±0.001 to 0.453±0.074 with an average value of 0.130±0.040. Weak correlation between concentrations of radon in households and soil air. But roughly speaking, one can say that in soil air every 1000 Bq/m3 and 1000 mSv/y contributes around 130 Bq/m3 and 130 mSv/y in indoor air.
Glocalization – An Objective Condition for a Successful Management of the Multinational Companies in the Context of the Economic Globalization
Authors: Stanciu Leontin , Stanciu Cristian-Lucian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Currently, one of the most concise expressions of the phenomenon of economic globalization is the extent of the organization of production on a global or regional basis and the integration on new criteria, of a functional nature, of the activities within it. A decisive role in the organization of production processes abroad is played by multinational companies, which, in order to achieve their objectives, most “export” not only know-how, but also management methods and techniques, applicable in the countries of origin. In this article, the authors aim to identify and highlight the main arguments that support the glocalization as an objective necessity and, at the same time, a viable solution to achieving a successful management of the multinational companies, to ensure a win-win relationship between them and the communities and the local markets in which they operate, in the context of economic globalization.
Function Generator Based on Personal Computer
Authors: Abdulhamid Mohanad , Kavita Mutuku 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper aims to generate the various waveforms commonly used in a laboratory. A computer is used to synthesize the waveforms. It makes use of software to synthesize the waveforms digitally and a Universal Serial Bus (USB) to parallel converter to transmit the digital version of the waveform to a digital to analog converter where it is converted to produce an analog waveform. A buffer is used to display the analog signal on an oscilloscope. Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) is used to generate these waveforms. MATLAB simulation software is used to perform the DDS, and PROTEUS software is used for circuit design of the digital to analog converter.
A Battle of Words: Petre Chiricuță’s Reply (1926) to A. C. Cuza’s Religious Antisemitism (1925)
Authors: Drăguşin Nicolae 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The present paper aims to explore the arguments that Father Chiricuţă uses against the idea of a “Christian” anti-Semitism by proving the fundamental mismatch between Christianity and anti-Semitism and, thus, proving that “Christian” anti-Semitism is a heresy, perhaps even the greatest of the century. According to his testimony, he embarks on this intellectual adventure primarily as a duty of conscience as priest and as truth-lover.**
Toxicity and Biochemical Effects of Cumin and Basil Essential Oils on Tribolium Castaneum
Authors: Omar A.F. , El-Ebiary M.E. , Nasr G.M. , Hassan H.M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The essential oils (EOs) of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seeds and basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) herb were extracted by hydrodistillation and tested against the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) for insecticidal and biochemical effects on certain enzymes of this insect. Major components of C. cyminum EO determined by gass chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis were γ-terpinene (15.78 %) and benzenemethanol (11.32 %), while those of O. basilicum EO were linalool (56.7 %) and epi-α-cadinol (11.4 %). The lethal concentration values for 50% mortality after three days of T. castaneum whole body exposure were 678 mg kg–1 for cumin oil and 755 mg kg–1 for basil oil. The enzymatic activity of treated insects showed a reduction in total protein, alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase compared to untreated ones. However, α-amylase activity increased with both tested EOs. Hence, for T. castaneum control, these EOs may represent alternatives to conventional insecticides.
Competitive Advantages and Values Created and Attained Out of Well-Crafted Customer Value Propositions
Authors: Forrest Jeffrey Yi-Lin , Novikov Dmitry A. , Larson Stephen , Wang Fen , Yang Jing 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
To help facilitate the development of a theoretically rigorous and practically useful theory of customer value propositions (CVP), as called for repeatedly by the extant literature, this paper establishes a game-theoretic theorem regarding the dynamics of market competition and potential market entry. On top of this result and by employing logical rigor and analytical reasoning, eight generally true facts are developed without suffering from the constraints of data- and anecdote- based approaches, as widely used in the literature. In particular, these established results reveal how a newly adopted CVP is associated with the three essential processes underlying a company’s operation, how it will be pivotal for the company to attain competitive advantages, how the value added by adopted CVPs can be determined, etc. At the end, recommendations for decision-making managers and entrepreneurs and potential questions for future research are provided.
Digital Engagement as a Predictor of Financial Capability, Financial Advice, and Financial Satisfaction
Authors: Khan Khurram Ajaz , Akhtar Mohammad Anam 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates direct and indirect impacts of an individual’s digital engagement on their financial satisfaction considering a significant role of an individual’s financial capability and financial advice. The study is administered on the individual level, surveyed the working youth in northern India. PLS-SEM were employed using SMART-PLS version 3 for a confirmatory analysis and structural model assessment. Digital engagement has been established as a vital factor substantially influencing the individual’s financial advice, financial capability and financial satisfaction both directly and indirectly. The outcome of the study strongly favours the role and importance of digital engagement in the individual’s financial satisfaction. What is more, this paper contributes to the current knowledge by clarifying digital engagement as a possible predictor of financial capability, financial advice and financial satisfaction in the context of a low-income, developing country and applies it as a variable with the selected financial constructs. The originality and novelty of the study may be found useful to design effective policies.