bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep Duration and Hypertension: Epidemiological Evidence and Underlying Mechanisms
Authors: Bock Joshua M , Vungarala Soumya , Covassin Naima , Somers Virend K 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
While the contribution of several physiological systems to arterial blood pressure regulation has been studied extensively, the role of normal and disrupted sleep as a modifiable determinant of blood pressure control, and in the pathophysiology of hypertension, has only recently emerged. Several sleep disorders, including sleep apnea and insomnia, are thought to contribute to the development of hypertension, although less attention is paid to the relationship between sleep duration and blood pressure independent of sleep disorders per se. Accordingly, this review focuses principally on the physiology of sleep and the consequences of abnormal sleep duration both experimentally and at the population level. Clinical implications for patients with insomnia who may or may not have abbreviated sleep duration are explored. As a corollary, we further review studies of the effects of sleep extension on blood pressure regulation. We also discuss epidemiological evidence suggesting that long sleep may also be associated with hypertension and describe the parabolic relationship between total sleep time and blood pressure. We conclude by highlighting gaps in the literature regarding the potential role of gut microbial health in the cross-communication of lifestyle patterns (exercise, diet, and sleep) with blood pressure regulation. Additionally, we discuss populations at increased risk of short sleep, and specifically the need to understand mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities in women, pregnancy, the elderly, and in African Americans.
A measure of generalized soil fertility that is largely independent of species identity
Authors: Lamontagne Xavier , Shipley Bill 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background and Aims
In 2019, Daou and Shipley produced an operational definition of ‘generalized’ soil fertility (FG) for plant community ecology and quantified FG using a structural equation model (SEM) invoking a single latent variable. We evaluate a critical assumption of this model: that FG is generalizable to any combination of plant species; i.e. that any combination of plant species will respond in the same direction to the soil ‘fertility’ gradient in terms of growth.

Methods
We grew nine widely different species singly in each of 25 soils from southern Quebec, Canada, whose FG value had been previously quantified. The original SEM was tested using every possible combination involving from four to nine species.

Key Results
The assumption was rejected due to a subset of three species that responded to a second latent dimension. We then proposed an alternative model that includes FG plus a second latent variable that measures species’ deviations from FG due to specific adaptations to soil pH. This alternative model was consistent with every combination of up to eight species. The predictions of FG when ignoring this second dimension and when using the new model were extremely correlated (r =0.98).

Conclusions
The initial unidimensional model of Daou and Shipley was successful in non-acid soils but not in soils with extreme pH and when species specifically adapted to such extreme soils were included. The alternative two-dimensional model takes into account these exceptions and is consistent with the notion of shared physiological niche responses along a gradient of generalized soil fertility.
Principles of resilient coding for plant ecophysiologists
Authors: Stinziano Jospeh R , Roback Cassaundra , Sargent Demi , Murphy Bridget K , Hudson Patrick J , Muir Christopher D 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Plant ecophysiology is founded on a rich body of physical and chemical theory, but it is challenging to connect theory with data in unambiguous, analytically rigorous and reproducible ways. Custom scripts written in computer programming languages (coding) enable plant ecophysiologists to model plant processes and fit models to data reproducibly using advanced statistical techniques. Since many ecophysiologists lack formal programming education, we have yet to adopt a unified set of coding principles and standards that could make coding easier to learn, use and modify. We identify eight principles to help in plant ecophysiologists without much programming experience to write resilient code: (i) standardized nomenclature, (ii) consistency in style, (iii) increased modularity/extensibility for easier editing and understanding, (iv) code scalability for application to large data sets, (v) documented contingencies for code maintenance, (vi) documentation to facilitate user understanding; (vii) extensive tutorials and (viii) unit testing and benchmarking. We illustrate these principles using a new R package, {photosynthesis}, which provides a set of analytical and simulation tools for plant ecophysiology. Our goal with these principles is to advance scientific discovery in plant ecophysiology by making it easier to use code for simulation and data analysis, reproduce results and rapidly incorporate new biological understanding and analytical tools.
Pollen transport networks reveal highly diverse and temporally stable plant–pollinator interactions in an Appalachian floral community
Authors: Barker Daniel A , Arceo-Gomez Gerardo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFloral visitation alone has been typically used to characterize plant–pollinator interaction networks even though it ignores differences in the quality of floral visits (e.g. transport of pollen) and thus may overestimate the number and functional importance of pollinating interactions. However, how network structural properties differ between floral visitation and pollen transport networks is not well understood. Furthermore, the strength and frequency of plant–pollinator interactions may vary across fine temporal scales (within a single season) further limiting our predictive understanding of the drivers and consequences of plant–pollinator network structure. Thus, evaluating the structure of pollen transport networks and how they change within a flowering season may help increase our predictive understanding of the ecological consequences of plant–pollinator network structure. Here we compare plant–pollinator network structure using floral visitation and pollen transport data and evaluate within-season variation in pollen transport network structure in a diverse plant–pollinator community. Our results show that pollen transport networks provide a more accurate representation of the diversity of plant–pollinator interactions in a community but that floral visitation and pollen transport networks do not differ in overall network structure. Pollen transport network structure was relatively stable throughout the flowering season despite changes in plant and pollinator species composition. Overall, our study highlights the need to improve our understanding of the drivers of plant–pollinator network structure in order to more fully understand the process that govern the assembly of these interactions in nature.
XV—‘I Wish My Speech Were Like a Loadstone’: Cavendish on Love and Self-Love
Authors: Borcherding Julia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper examines the surprisingly central role of sympathetic love within Margaret Cavendish’s philosophy. I show that such love fulfils a range of metaphysical functions, and highlight an important shift in Cavendish’s account vis-à-vis earlier conceptions: sympathetic love is no longer given an emanative or mechanistic explanation, but is naturalized as an active emotion. I further investigate to what extent Cavendish’s account reveals a rift between the realm of nature and the realm of human sociability, and whether this rift really prompts an inward turn as some interpreters have suggested.
Ninjin'yoeito, a traditional Japanese medicine, increases dopamine content in PC12 cells
Authors: Miyazaki Shinji , Omiya Yuji , Mizoguchi Kazushige 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
Dementia is exacerbated by loss of appetite and amotivation, and recent studies have indicated that ninjin'yoeito improves anorexia and amotivation. Previous studies suggest that ninjin'yoeito inhibits dopamine-metabolizing enzymes and enhances dopamine signaling. However, whether ninjin'yoeito increases dopamine content in living cells remains unclear. Here, PC12 cells were used to examine whether ninjin'yoeito affects the dopamine metabolic pathway. Dopamine content significantly increased 3 h after treatment ninjin'yoeito extract. Concomitantly, the levels of 3-methoxytyramine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid were significantly reduced. The effects of components of ninjin'yoeito on the dopamine metabolic pathway were also assessed. Treatment with onjisaponin B, nobiletin, and schisandrin, and the ingredients of Polygalae Radix, Citri Unshiu Pericarpium, and Schisandrae Fructus increased dopamine content and decreased its metabolite content in the culture media. Our findings suggest that ninjin'yoeito improves anorexia and amotivation by inhibiting metabolic enzyme and increasing the dopamine content in cells.
TGSA: protein–protein association-based twin graph neural networks for drug response prediction with similarity augmentation
Authors: Zhu Yiheng , Ouyang Zhenqiu , Chen Wenbo , Feng Ruiwei , Chen Danny Z , Cao Ji , Wu Jian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Drug response prediction (DRP) plays an important role in precision medicine (e.g. for cancer analysis and treatment). Recent advances in deep learning algorithms make it possible to predict drug responses accurately based on genetic profiles. However, existing methods ignore the potential relationships among genes. In addition, similarity among cell lines/drugs was rarely considered explicitly.

Results
We propose a novel DRP framework, called TGSA, to make better use of prior domain knowledge. TGSA consists of Twin Graph neural networks for Drug Response Prediction (TGDRP) and a Similarity Augmentation (SA) module to fuse fine-grained and coarse-grained information. Specifically, TGDRP abstracts cell lines as graphs based on STRING protein–protein association networks and uses Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for representation learning. SA views DRP as an edge regression problem on a heterogeneous graph and utilizes GNNs to smooth the representations of similar cell lines/drugs. Besides, we introduce an auxiliary pre-training strategy to remedy the identified limitations of scarce data and poor out-of-distribution generalization. Extensive experiments on the GDSC2 dataset demonstrate that our TGSA consistently outperforms all the state-of-the-art baselines under various experimental settings. We further evaluate the effectiveness and contributions of each component of TGSA via ablation experiments. The promising performance of TGSA shows enormous potential for clinical applications in precision medicine.

Availability and implementation
The source code is available at https://github.com/violet-sto/TGSA.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Visual communication in social play of a hierarchical carnivore species: the case of wild spotted hyenas
Authors: Nolfo Andrea Paolo , Casetta Grazia , Palagi Elisabetta 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCommunication relies on signals that can be produced via different sensory modalities to modify receivers’ behavior. During social interactions, the possibility to perceive subtle visual cues enhances the use of facial expressions to exchange information. One of the most appropriate fields to explore the specific design features of visual signals is play fighting. Here, we explored the production and potential role of Relaxed Open Mouth (ROM) and Head Bobbing (HB) in regulating play fighting of wild spotted hyenas Crocuta crocuta, a highly hierarchical carnivore species. In accordance with the assumptions of the signal optimization theory, wild hyenas produced ROM and HB almost exclusively when the sender was in direct visual contact with the receiver thus suggesting that senders were attentive to the playmates’ face. Contrary to HB, the sequential analysis revealed that ROM often anticipated offensive patterns such as play biting thus supporting the hypothesis that ROM, but not HB, is a metacomunicative signal. Moreover, when the offensive patterns were biased toward one of the 2 players, the session was punctuated by a higher number of ROMs. Our findings support the general hypothesis that these 2 visual signals can play different roles in the management of play fighting in this carnivore species. The complementary use of ROM and HB would suggest that spotted hyenas are highly competent and fast in processing facial displays of different nature to correctly “read others’ intentions” and respond with appropriate motor actions to avoid misunderstanding during one of the most multifaceted and risky social interaction.
111 CLINICAL IMPORTANCE OF MEAN CORPUSCULAR VOLUME AS A PROGNOSTIC MARKER AFTER ESOPHAGECTOMY FOR ESOPHAGEAL CANCER
Authors: Yoshida Naoya , Harada Kazuto , Tokunaga Ryuma , Eto Kojiro , Iwatsuki Masaaki , Nagai Yohei , Baba Yoshifumi , Baba Hideo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

High MCV is suggested to be relevant to the incidence and prognosis of several malignancies. However, few studies investigating the correlation between MCV and survival outcome of esophageal cancer have been conducted.

Methods
This study included 570 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent radical esophagectomy between April 2005 and December 2017. Patients were divided into two groups according to the standard value of pretreatment MCV: normal (83–99 fL) and high (&gt;99 fL) groups. Clinical backgrounds, short-term outcomes, and prognostic outcomes post-esophagectomy were retrospectively compared between the groups.

Results
Of all patients, 410 (71.9%) had normal MCV, and 160 (28.1%) had high MCV. High MCV was significantly associated with lower body mass index, higher frequency of habitual alcohol and tobacco use, and higher incidence of multiple primary malignancies other than esophageal cancer. High MCV also correlated with higher incidence of postoperative morbidity of the Clavien–Dindo classification ≥II and pulmonary morbidity. Overall survival was significantly worse in patients with high MCV. Multivariate analysis suggested that high MCV was an independent risk factor for worse survival outcome (hazard ratio, 1.54; 95% confidence interval, 1.098–2.151; p = 0.012).

Conclusion
Patients with high MCV have various disadvantages in clinical background that can adversely affect both short-term and long-term outcomes after esophagectomy. MCV can become a predictive marker to estimate survival outcome after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.
221 THORACOSCOPIC ESOPHAGECTOMY WITH OR WITHOUT SMALL THORACOTOMY FOR ADVANCED THORACIC ESOPHAGEAL CARCINOMA IN THE LEFT LATERAL DECUBITUS POSITION
Authors: Sato Hiroshi , Miyawaki Yutaka , Fujiwara Naoto , Sugita Hirofumi , Sakuramoto Shinichi , Okamoto Kojun , Yamaguchi Shigeki , Koyama Isamu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Standardized thoracoscopic esophagectomy for thoracic esophageal carcinoma in the left lateral decubitus position under artificial pneumothorax is slightly more difficult to dissect the middle and lower mediastinum than in prone position, but it is possible to operate the upper mediastinum with good visual field. In salvage surgery after definitive chemoradiotherapy, it is difficult to complete the operation only by throscopic surgery, and it is thought that sometimes small thoracotomy can be performed safely and reliably.

Methods
If this procedure is considered feasible, start with thoracoscopic surgery. If it is decided that the procedure cannot be completed, add a small thoracotomy of about 10–15 cm to allow one hand. Thoracoscopy not only reduced invasiveness, shared detailed anatomy, but also improved operability by taping the esophagus and ensured emergency safety.

Results
This standardized procedure is applied to salvage surgery after definitive chemoradiotherapy from January 2016 to March 2019. Thoracoscopic surgery was performed in 14 of the 27 cases (52%). Thoracoscopic surgery was completed in 10 cases and small thoracotomy was used in 4 cases. There are no serious complications such as bleeding.

Conclusion
Starting surgery with a thoracoscopy and adding small thoracotomy as appropriate can share the advantages of thoracotomy and throcoscopic surgery. This technique has the advantage that it can be easily converted to thoracotomy even in an emergency, and is considered to be superior to advanced cancer.

Video
https://www.dropbox.com/sh/47jcqu3palpsfvg/AAC4PvReWDP_WPBkJufxWU3da?dl=0.
224 A RETROSPECTIVE CASE–CONTROL STUDY ASSESSING THE CLINICAL AND ENDOSCOPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF EOSINOPHILIC ESOPHAGITIS IN JAPAN
Authors: Imamura Kazumi , Haruma Ken , Matsumoto Hiroshi , Maruyama Yasuhiko , Ayaki Maki , Tazaki Shuhei , Hisamoto Nobumi , Manabe Noriaki , Kamada Tomoari , Nakamura Jun , Kawamoto Hirofumi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an allergy-associated clinicopathologic condition gaining an increasing amount of recognition in various areas of the world. While the clinical definition and characteristics may differ depending on country and region, sufficient studies have not yet been performed in Japan. To assess the prevalence of EoE among the Japanese population and the clinical features and the prognosis associated with the disease.

Methods
Medical data from January 2012 to October 2018 was gathered from nine Japanese clinical institutes. EoE, defined as more than 15 intraepithelial eosinophils per high power field, was determined based on esophageal biopsies. Clinical and endoscopic patterns in the cases with EoE were investigated and compared with 186 age- and sex-matched controls. We also analyzed the treatment and prognosis of an individual patient.

Results
From 130,013 upper endoscopic examinations, 66 cases of EoE were identified (0.051%; mean age: 45.2 years (range 7-79); 45 males). Patients with EoE had more symptoms (69.7 vs. 10.8%; P &lt; 0.01) such as dysphagia and food impaction, and more allergies (63.6 vs. 23.7%; P &lt; 0.01) compared with the controls. The prevalence of atrophic gastritis was lower in EoE patients than in the controls (20.0% vs. 33.3%). In 55 patients analyzed, 32 patients (78.0%) received proton pump inhibitors with or without swallowed topical corticosteroids. During the follw-up period (mean 23 months), no patient got worse regarding clinical and endoscopic findings.

Conclusion
The prevalence of EoE in the Japanese population was 0.051% which was comparable with previous reports in Japan. Male predominance, a history of allergies, and the absence of Helicobacter pylori infection might be risk factors for EoE. Our study also indicated that the prognosis of EoE might be relatively good in Japanese populations.
378 REDO LAPAROSCOPIC FUNDOPLICATON IN A PATIENT WITH WRAP MIGRATION FOLLOWING TWICE FAILED NISSEN FUNDOPLICATION
Authors: Parshad Rajinder , Verma Eshan , Goyal Ankur 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Re-operation for wrap failure is a complex procedure required in 3–6% of patients. This video demonstrates a successful laparoscopic redo fundoplication in a patient who had previously undergone laparoscopic Nissen's fundoplication twice for GERD in another institution, first for GERD in 2014 and then for recurrence of reflux. Patient presented to us with dysphagia and regurgitation. The work-up revealed wrap migration into the right pleural cavity. A successful redo laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication was performed.

Methods
The video describes the procedure of laparoscopic re do fundoplication.

Results
Patient is doing well at a follow up of 16 months.

Conclusion
Re-do laparoscopic fundoplication can be successfully accomplished through laparoscopic approach.

Video
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Perelnr0fwGIk1kiAexYvXnJY01cO98C/view?usp=sharing.
389 THE BEST PRACTICE OF RECONSTRUCTION METHODS AFTER ESOPHAGECTOMY WITHOUT STOMACH
Authors: Narumiya Kosuke , Kudo Kenji , Maeda Shinsuke , Toyoshima Yukinori , Ogawa Kyohei , Ide Hiroko , Osugi Harushi , Yamamoto Masakazu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Generally we use the stomach after esophagectomy as an organ of reconstruction. But we could not use it after we performed gastrectomy.
We investigated the usefulness of the reconstruction with pedicled jejunum or pedicled right colon.

Methods
We performed esophagectomy from 2000 to 2015.15 patients use the reconstruction with pedicled jejunum as a A.10 patients use the reconstruction with pedicled right colon as a B.We study (1) background (2) complication.

Results
Average Age A:67.1 B:65.5 location(upper:middle:Lower)A:0:14:1 B:1:4:5 depth of tumor invasion (T1:T2:T3:T4)A:9:3:3:0 B:3:5:2 Stage(0:I:II:III:IVa)A:2:6:4:3:0 B:0:1:3:4:2 Reconstruction route(posterior mediastinal:retrosternal:antethoracic)A:4:2:9 B:0:5:5 The reason of the gastrectomy (ulcer: cancer)A 10:5 B 0:10 (distal gastrectomy:total gastrectomy)A:15:0 B:4:6 Reconstruction(BillrothI法:BillrothII法:Roux-Y) A:12:3:0 B:2:2:6 Complication (leakage)A:B = 3:0.
(ileus)A:B = 2:0(weight loss)A:B = 10:0 (diarrhea)A:B = 3:5.

Conclusion
The best practice of reconstruction method is a reconstruction with pedicled jejunum without stomach. We can use the jejunum without damage of the vessel in the mesenteri of the jejunum. I want to show you our video.
464 IS OPEN LEFT THORACO-ABDOMINAL ESOPHAGECTOMY A VIABLE OPTION IN THE ERA OF MINIMALLY INVASIVE ESOPHAGECTOMY?
Authors: Klevebro Fredrik , Boshier Piers R , Mueller Carmen , Cools-Lartigue Jonathan , Ferri Lorenzo , Low Donald E 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate short-term and oncological outcomes of left thoracoabdominal esophagectomy (LTE) compared to minimally invasive esophagectomy for cancer of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction.
LTE facilitates complete resection of esophageal cancer particularly for bulky tumors, but there are concerns that this approach is associated with significant morbidity.

Methods
Prospectively entered esophagectomy databases from two high volume North American centers were reviewed for patients undergoing LTE or MIE in the 2012–2018. Patient demographics, tumour characteristics, operative outcomes, postoperative outcomes, and pathologic surrogates of oncologic efficacy (R0 resection rate, and number of resected lymph nodes) were compared. In total 247 patients were included in the study, LTE was applied in 170 (68.8%) patients, and MIE in 77 (31.2%) patients.

Results
LTE patients had more neoadjuvant treatment (LTE = 78.2%, MIE = 34.2%, P &lt; 0.001). There was no difference in overall postoperative complications (LTE = 56.9%, MIE = 55.0%, P = 0.799), severe complications (Clavien Dindo&gt;2—LTE = 26.1%, MIE17.0%, P = 0.184), pulmonary complications (LTE = 31.9%, MIE = 20.0%, P = 0.085), pneumonia (LTE = 15.2%, MIE = 13.6%, P = 0.768), anastomotic leak (LTE = 7%, MIE = 10%, P = 0.396), or postoperative mortality (LTE = 0%, MIE = 1.3%, P = 0.140). Median length of stay was 7 days in both groups. R0 resection rate was 93.8% and 95.5% respectively (P = 0.631). Median number of resected lymph nodes was 24 for LTE and 22 for MIE (P = 0.226). LTE had more stage II-IV tumors (LTE = 67.8%, MIE = 40.7%, P &lt; 0.001), and more node positive resections (LTE = 52.5%, MIE = 31.4%, P = 0.003).

Conclusion
LTE was used for larger tumors with greater lymph node burden in patients that were more likely to have received neoadjuvant treatment compared to MIE. Despite this the postoperative morbidity was equal to that of MIE, with no difference in short-term or oncological results in this cohort.