bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial variability of annual and monthly Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) over India
Authors: VERMA I. J. , SONI V.K. , SABALE N.D. , KOPPAR A.L. 
Published: December 2021

In this study, meteorological data for well distributed 140 locations in India for the period (1971-2005) have been utilized for estimation of potential evapotranspiration (PET) by Penman-Monteith equation.
The highest average annual PET of 2342 mm was at Jalgaon and lowest of 921 mm at Ging. Range of average annual PET is 1421 mm. The mean annual PET averaged for all stations over India is 1547 mm with 12% contribution in winter, 34% in pre-monsoon, 35% in monsoon and 19% in post-monsoon seasons. The lowest centers with annual PET less than 1400 mm are mainly located above 30 degree N latitude. The high centers with annual PET more than 1800 mm are located in desert area and central India, with lowest values at hill stations during most of the months. The higher monthly PET values in excess of 200 mm are normally observed during pre-monsoon and monsoon over western and Central India. As the monsoon advances, the PET values over western India decrease gradually. The lower PET values are observed during winter and post-monsoon season. The lowest mean monthly PET of 82.1 mm is in December and highest mean monthly PET of 199.6 mm is in May. Mean annual and monthly PET over (2° × 2°) latitude/longitude grids have been developed and presented.
Identification of key parameters producing rainfall
Authors: JAISWAL RAJASRI SEN , NEELA V.S. , FREDRICK SONIA R. , RASHEED M. , ZAVERI LEENA , SOWMYA V. 
Published: December 2021

o"kkZ ds eq[; izkpyksa dk irk yxkus ds fy, bl 'kks/k i= ls 'kks/kdrkZvksa us m".kdfVca/kh; o"kkZ ekiu fe’ku ¼Vh- vkj- ,e- ,e-½ mixzg vk¡dM+k vk/kkj dh tk¡p dh gSA bl rF; dks le>us ds mijkUr fd c<+us okys ok;q iklZy ds }kjk ikuh ds ok"ihdj.k] ok"i ds la?kuu vkSj m"ek ÅtkZ ds laogu ls es?k cursa gS vkSj o"kkZ gksrh gSA 'kks/kdrkZvksa us ok;qeaMy dh fofHkUu Å¡pkbZ;ksa ij o"kkZ izfØ;k ds eq[; lg;ksfx;ksa ds :i esa es?k nzo ty ¼lh-,y-MCY;w-½] o"kZ.k ty ¼ih-MCY;w-½ rFkk xqIr m"ek ¼,y-,p-½ ds ckjs esa tkudkjh izkIr djuh vkjaHk dj nh gSSA bu vk¡dM+ksa dks cgq lekJ;.k fun’kZ esa Mkyk x;k gSA ;g ik;k x;k gSS fd o"kkZ vkSj bu izkpyksa esa egRoiw.kZ lglaca/k gSA blls LFkkfir gq, dk;kZRed laca/kksa ls fdlh Hkh le; o"kkZ dk vkdyu fd;k tk ldrk gS c’krZs dkWyeuj lh-,y-MCY;w-] ih-MCY;w- vkSj ,y-,p- eku miyC?k gksaA ,d ;k nks ds LFkku ij bu lHkh rhuksa izkpyksa dks cgq lekJ;.k fun’kZ esa 'kkfey djus ds QyLo:i o"kkZ dk csgrj iwokZuqeku yxk;k tk ldk gSA lh- ,y- MCY;w-] ,y- ,p- vkSj ih- MCY;w- ds chp egRoiw.kZ lglaca/k gSaA
In search of the key parameters causing rainfall, the authors have explored Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite data base. By realizing the fact that evaporation of water, condensation of vapour and transport of heat energy by a rising air parcel are all about formation of cloud and rain, the authors have started their quest considering cloud liquid water (CLW), precipitation water (PW) and latent heat (LH) at different altitudes of the atmosphere as major contributors to rainfall mechanism. These data have been fitted to multiple regressions. It is found that significant correlations exist between rainfall and these parameters. The functional relationships so established are able to estimate surface rainfall at any instant, provided columnar CLW, PW and LH values are available. Inclusion of all the three parameters in multiple regression leads to better predictability of rainfall, instead of one or two. Significant correlations exist between CLW, LH and PW.
WMO/GAW inter-comparison of Dobson Ozone Spectrophotometer in Tsukuba, Japan-2006 and inter-comparison of National standard 112 with Delhi Dobson 36
Authors: PESHIN SUNIL , SINGH SIDDHARTHA 
Published: December 2021

ok;q foKku os/k’kkyk] lqdqck] tkiku esa 6 ekpZ ls 24 ekpZ 2006 rd MkWclu vkstksu LisDVªksa QksVks ehVj ijLij rqyuk djus ds fy, ,d MCY;w-,e-vks-@th-,-MCY;w- vfHk;ku pyk;k x;kA bl ijLij rqyukRed vfHk;ku ds nkSjku Hkkjrh; ekud MkWclu vkst+ksu LisDVªksQksVksehVj la[;k 112 dh rqyuk {ks=h; ekud MkWclu vkstksu LisDVªksQksVksehVj la[;k 116 ds lkFk dh xbZA bu rqyukvksa ls bl ckr dh iqf"V gqbZ gS fd Hkkjrh; MkWCklu vkstksu LisDVªksQksVksehVj la[;k 112 va’kkdu dh lgh fLFkfr esa Fkk vkSj midj.k ls izkIr vk¡dM+sa lgh FksA 36 ds lkFk 112 ls izkir ifj.kke Hkh ,d nwljs ls lgh esy [kk jgs gSaA
The WMO/GAW campaign for inter-comparison of Dobson Ozone Spectrophotometer was held from 6 to 24 March 2006 at the Aerological Observatory, Tsukuba, Japan. During the inter-comparison campaign, the Indian standard Dobson Ozone Spectrophotometer no.112 was compared with the regional standard Dobson Ozone Spectrophotometer no.116. The comparisons confirmed that the Indian standard Dobson Ozone Spectrophotometer no.112 was in good state of calibration and the data derived from the instrument was reliable. The results of 112 with 36 are also in good agreement with each other.
APLIKASI SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK PERLINDUNGAN TANAMAN PADI IR 64 DARI HAMA DAN PENYAKIT
Authors: Vendie Fixie , Wahyu Yudi , Sulistyowati Istri 
Published: December 2021

IR 64 merupakan varietas tanaman padi kualitas unggul. Adapun keunggulannya yaitu masa tanam yang relatif singkat, batang padi kuat, perawatannya mudah, nasinya pulen dan mudah dijual karena harga terjangkau oleh masyarakat. Hama penyakit merupakan salah satu ancaman bagi tanaman padi milik petani. Berbagai macam serangan hama penyakit melanda tanaman padi petani setelah musim tanam tiba dari tikus, wereng, tungro dan lain-lain.Metodologi penelitian adalah cara ilmiah yang digunakan untuk menyelesaikan suatu permasalahan. Cara ilmiah berarti kegiatan penelitian dilakukan dengan metode ilmiah sehingga metode yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data dan penyelesainya dengan cara ilmiah. Dengan adanya sistem pakar untuk perlindungan tanaman padi IR 64 dari hama dan penyakit, akan mempermudah petani, penyuluh pertanian dan orang awam dalam melindungi tanaman padi IR 64 dari serangan hama dan penyakit serta tindakan yang dilakukan untuk pemberantasannya tanpa banyak membuang waktu tenaga dan pikiran.
Robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. Retrospective descriptive study over a 10-year period. Anesthetic experience
Authors: Adell Pérez Anabel , Osorio López Antia , Mugabure Bujedo Borja , Castellano Paulis Berta , Azcona Andueza Manuel , Lodoso Ochoa Edurne , González Jorrin Nuria 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery is currently the surgical treatment of choice for small renal masses.
Objective: Reviewing the anesthetic management and perioperative morbidity of patients undergoing robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RALPN) from 2009 to 2019 at Hospital Universitario Donostia.
Material and methods: Retrospective, descriptive, observational study involving 343 patients.
Results: 95 % of the patients were ASA II-III. Transient renal artery clamping was performed in 91 %, with a mean ischemia time of 17.79 minutes. The mean duration of the procedure under balanced general anesthesia was 184 min. Standard monitoring was performed along with invasive arterial pressure monitoring (IAP), central venous catheter (CVC) and EV1000 platform (Edwards®) for complex patients. Complications were recorded in 40 patients (11.67 %). Patients under anti-aggregation therapy experienced more bleeding than non-anti-aggregation patients (p 0.04) but did not require more transfusions. Patients with a higher anesthetic risk did not experience more complications. No statistically significant association was found between worsening renal function and the occurrence of intraoperative complications. 21 patients (6 %) were readmitted due to complications; the most frequent complication was renal artery pseudoaneurysm that required endovascular embolization.
Conclusions: It should be highlighted that after ten years of experience with this technique, the patients with a higher anesthetic risk have not experienced serious perioperative complications. RALPN is a safe technique that demands a careful anesthetic support. A robot-assisted approach alone is not a guarantee for success without strong teamwork.
Availability and accessibility of opioids for pain and palliative care in Colombia: a survey study
Authors: León Marta Ximena , Sánchez-Cárdenas Miguel Antonio , Rodríguez-Campos Luisa Fernanda , Moyano Jairo , López Velasco Andrés , Gamboa Garay Oscar , Buitrago Lina , De Lima Liliana 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Access to essential medicines, including opioids, is a component of the right to health.
Objective: To identify barriers to opioid availability and accessibility for pain and palliative care.
Methods: Online survey with Colombian prescribers. Availability barriers were analyzed for each facility (distribution and/or dispensing). Accessibility barriers were analyzed by type. Descriptive analyses were conducted using relative frequencies. Significance within categories and regions was measured using Fisher's exact test.
Results: Out of 1,208 prescribers invited, 806 (66.7%) completed the survey. Availability: 76.43% reported barriers. The most cited barrier was “Pharmacies authorized by health insurance companies”, where opioids are frequently unavailable. Accessibility: 74.6% reported barriers. Most frequently cited was “Difficulty securing payment authorization for medication from health insurance companies”. Significant differences were observed in terms of regions and “Cost” (p=0.02). Lack of coordination among procuring and distributing agencies affects availability. Limited awareness and bureaucratic procedures affect accessibility.
Conclusions: There are barriers to opioid availability and access in Colombia, related to the existing structure for guaranteeing equitable supply. From the perspective of healthcare providers, problems related to pharmacy availability, prescription and cost of medicines hinder pain treatment.
A confluência das tecnologias I.4.0 e novos modelos de negócio: uma revisão sistemática de literatura
Authors: Teixeira Josélia Elvira , Tavares-Lehmann Ana Teresa 
Published: December 2021

Objective of the study: The study’s objective is to provide a systematic literature review on the coevolution of the Technologies associated to Industry 4.0 and business models.Methodology/approach: The research was built on conceptual blocs at the interface between Industry 4.0 (I 4.0), business models (BM) and digitalization /digital business models (DBM) in order to identify relevant trends. Through bibliometric techniques, 80 articles were selected from Scopus and WoS, using specialized software.Originality/ Relevance: Few studies exist on the interface under analysis. This article contributes to this emerging literature, providing a synthesis of such literature, including both a detailed descriptive component and an analysis of the main thematic clusters associated to this interface.Main results: The literature still needs to evolve into a framework of a 4.0 business model. The majority of the existing studies focus on business models to specific technologies associated to Industry 4.0. Among the 80 articles scrutinized, 56 were associated to business models and I4.0, and 24 linked business models and digitalization. Few really described a business model that could be characterized as an I4.0 business model.Theoretical/methodological contributions: Identification of key studies underlying the elaboration of an innovative business model associated to I4.0. An immediate and useful characterization of the literature. Identification of the main thematic clusters.Social/management contributions: To provide academics and professionals (especially in Business/Economics) with a detailed and thorough review of the most relevant literature, including the main aspects underlying the creation of innovative business models based on I4.0.
Kan Kültürlerinde Üretilen Yoğun Bakım Ünitesi Hastalarında Candida Epidemiyolojisi ve Antifungal Direnç Değişiminin İncelenmesi, 2015-2019
Authors: ŞANLI Kamuran , MART KÖMÜRCÜ Selen Z. , ŞAHİN Ayça Sultan 
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı, 2015-2019 yılları arasında, yoğun bakım ünitesi (YBÜ) hastalarında Candida enfeksiyonlarının görülme sıklığının, antifungal direncinin ve 5 yıl içindeki antifungal direnç değişiminin değerlendirilmesidir.
Yöntemler: Kan kültürlerinden izole edilen 402 candida izolatının retrospektif olarak incelendiği araştırma Ocak 2015-Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’nde gerçekleştirildi. Mikroorganizmaların tanımlanmasından sonra Candida tespit edilen izolatların, antifungal duyarlılık kartları kullanılarak, amfoterisin B, kaspofungin, flukonazol, flusitozin mikafungin ve vorikonazole karşı duyarlılıkları araştırıldı. Sonuçlar, Clinical Laboratory Standarts Institute (CLSI) kılavuzlarında antifungal ajanlar için belirlenen eşik değerlere göre değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Araştırmada, en sık rastlanan üç kandida suşu C. albicans (%39,3), C. parapsilosis (%31,3) ve C. tropicalis (%10,2) idi. Yıllara göre antifungal direnç oranları değerlendirildiğinde, beş yıl için antifungal direnç gelişme sıklığı en fazla flukonazolde idi. En sık duyarlılık gösterilen antifungal ise yıllara göre değişkenlik gösterdi. Beş yıl genelinde en yüksek oranda duyarlılık gösterilen antifungal kaspofungin, en yüksek oranda direnç geliştirilen antifungal ise flukonazoldü. Beş yıllık zaman diliminde amfoterisin-B (p=0,651), kaspofungin (p=0,579), flukonazol (p=0,344), flusitozin (p=0,356), mikafungin (p=0,402) ve vorikonazole (p=0,384) gelişen direncin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değişim göstermediği bulundu. C. albicans’ın flukonazol (%1,9), mikafungin (%0,6) ve vorikonazol’e (%3,8) karşı direnç gösterdiği saptandı. C. parapsilosis’in flusitozin dışındaki tüm antifungallere değişen oranlarda direnç gösterdiği bulundu. C. glabrata’nın kaspofungin (%3,6), flukonazol (%7,1) ve vorikonazole (%7,7), C. tropicalis’in flukonazol (%4,9), mikafungin (%4,9) ve vorikonazole (%2,6) karşı direnç gösterdiği saptandı.
Sonuçlar: YBÜ’de karşılaşılan Candideminin en sık nedenleri C.albicans iken, nonalbicans türlerinin toplamı C. albicans’ dan fazla idi. Antifungaller içinde en fazla direnç flukonazol iken, beş yıllık zaman dilimi sonrası antifungal direnç oranları anlamlı değişim göstermediği görüldü. Ampirk tedavide sık kullanılan flukonazol direncindeki artış ise antifungal duyarlılık testlerinin önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Yoğun bakım ünitesindeki hastaların kandidemi nedenleri ve antifungal direnç oranlarının zaman içindeki seyrini araştıran daha kapsamlı prospektif araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Asemptomatik Diabetes Mellituslu Hastalarda Diabetes Mellitus Süresi İle Koroner Flow Reserve (Cfr) Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: SARIKAYA Remzi , KÜMET Ömer , ENGİN Berat , ŞİT Ömer , PANÇ Cafer , ERDOĞAN Onur , OFLAZ Hüseyin 
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Çalışmamızda, asemptomatik diyabetik hastalarda diyabet süresinin artması ile gelişen koroner arter hasarının, non-invaziv, tekrarlanabilir ve basit bir yöntem olan koroner akım rezervi (CFR) ölçüm sonuçlarıyla kıyaslanması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntemler: Çalışmaya bilinen koroner arter hastalığı öyküsü olmayan, bağımsız hekimler tarafından çeşitli endikasyonlarla koroner anjiyografi yapılması planlanmış 83 diyabetik ve 31 diyabetik olmayan, ardışık 114 hasta alındı. Tüm hastalarda koroner anjiyografi öncesi transtorasik ekokardiyografi (TTE) ile koroner akım rezervleri hesaplandı.
Bulgular: Diyabetik hastalarda koroner akım rezervi (CFR) değerlerinin diyabetik olmayanlara göre anlamlı ölçüde düşük olduğu görüldü (1.74 + 0.33 / 2.41 + 0.40, p
Graves hastalığı cerrahisinde güncel yaklaşımlar
Authors: ACAR Hasan Zafer 
Published: December 2021

Graves hastalığı cerrahisi; diğer tiroidektomilere göre önemli farklılıklar gösterir.
Graves hastalığı vakalarında morbidite ve mortalite oranlarını azaltmak ve uygun maliyetli bir tedavi yöntemi seçmek için; cerrahi endikasyonları doğru belirlemek, hastaları ötiroid yapmak için uygun yöntemi seçmek, yapılacak operasyonlarda uygun anestezi yöntemini belirlemek, ameliyatlarda ortaya çıkabilecek komplikasyonları önceden tahmin etmek gerekir. Bu amaçla bu konularda son zamanlarda yapılan çalışmalar gözden geçirilmiş, sonuçlar birbirleri ile karşılaştırılmış, değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır.
Graves hastalığı cerrahisi ile ilgili son yıllarda yapılan çalışmaların sonuçlarına göre; a. Bu olgularda bulunan yandaş nodüllerde kanser riskinin fazla olması, b. RAI ile tedavi edilen olgularda, cerrahi olarak tedavi edilen olgulara göre kardiyovasküler nedenlerle mortalite oranlarının daha yüksek olması, c. Cerrahi yöntemle tedavi edilen olgularda diğer yöntemlere göre nüks oranlarının daha düşük görülmesi, d. Cerrahi olarak tedavi edilen olgularda diğer yöntemlere göre oftalmopatinin daha iyi tedavi edilebilmesi, e. Cerrahi yöntemle tedavinin diğer yöntemlere göre maliyetlerinin daha düşük olması nedeniyle; bu olgularda cerrahi tedavi öncelikle tercih edilmelidir.
Graves hastalığı nedeniyle ameliyat olacak hastalara ameliyat öncesi hazırlıkta, diğer hazırlık protokollerine dirençli durumlarda; plazmoferez yöntemi güvenle uygulanabilir. Postoperatif dönemde nüks eden toksik guatr olgularında kanda anti-apoptotik protein Bcl-2, proliferasyon belirteci Ki-67, vasküler faktörler (FGF, VEGF) ve CD34 ekspresyonunun arttığı tespit edilebilir. Çocuk Graves hastalığı olgularında cerrahi endikasyonda; tirotiropin reseptör düzeyleri ölçümünün önemli bir gösterge olabileceği görülmüştür. Medikal tedaviye dirençli çocuk Graves olgularında RAI nin uzun süreçte malignite ortaya çıkma riskini artırabileceği düşüncesiyle öncelikle cerrahi tedavinin tercih edilmesi gereklidir. Toksik guatra bağlı oftalmopatilerde ameliyat yönteminin seçiminde Cheng tarafından geliştirilen algoritmanın kullanılmasının faydalı olabileceği bildirilmiştir. Toksik guatrlarda lokal rejyonal anestezi altında acil tiroidektomi yapıldığında morbidite ve mortalite oranlarının daha düşük olabileceği ortaya konulmuştur.
GROWTH: Functional Data Analysis of the human height postnatal growth in an on-line application
Authors: Klíma Ondřej , Čuta Martin , Polcerová Lenka , Zemčík Pavel , Škultétyová Anna , Černý Dominik , Králík Miroslav 
Published: December 2021

Sledování individuálního růstu je v pediatrické praxi vyžadováno denně a často je doprovázeno potřebou podrobnějších analýz. Analýzu lidského růstu potřebují také sportovní antropologové a výzkumníci v oblasti biologie člověka. Přínosem by tedy byla pokročilá a zároveň snadno použitelná a bezplatná aplikace, která by pediatrům, auxologům a výzkumným pracovníkům v oblasti biologie člověka umožňovala provádět hloubkovou analýzu postnatálního růstu. Aplikace GROWTH byla vyvinuta na základě pochopení biologických procesů lidského růstu a matematických přístupů, které poskytují nejvhodnější model pro individuální (longitudinální) empirická data. Aplikace je navržena tak, aby ji bylo možné používat v každodenní pediatrické praxi. Poskytuje lékařům nástroje pro sledování růstu, předpovídání dosažené výšky a diagnostiku patologických růstových vzorců. Pokročilá analýza zahrnuje odhad časování hlavních růstových milníků. Současná verze je vyvrcholením několikastupňového vývoje aplikace a je založena na metodě FPCA (funkční analýza hlavních komponent) s numerickou optimalizací. Výstupní parametry jsou snadno použitelné a zobrazují se numericky i graficky.
Integration of Art-Based Research in Design Curricula
Authors: Paez Roger , Valtchanova Manuela 
Published: December 2021

This paper focuses on the use of art-based research to enrich active methodologies in design curricula. Based on the analysis of two case studies, it argues the need to further explore a hybridisation of methodologies and disciplines to foster disruptive and innovative design practices within academic programmes in the expanded architectural field. The case studies articulate temporary spatial design with artistic practices through a radical approach to materiality, which is posited as the starting point for each project. Rather than seeing materiality as a second-tier decision addressed after a design concept has been formulated, materials are tackled directly, and the working process then defines the design concept and its detailed resolution. A crucial result of the case studies is the active enactment of new forms of authorship, straddling the space between the autarkic author of post-romantic models and the dissolution of authorship of some contemporary collaborative models.Este artículo se centra en el uso de la investigación basada en el arte para enriquecer metodologías activas en planes de estudio de diseño. Basado en el análisis de dos casos de estudio, argumenta la necesidad de explorar una hibridación de metodologías y disciplinas para fomentar prácticas de diseño disruptivas e innovadoras dentro de los programas académicos en el campo de la arquitectura expandida. Los casos de estudio articulan la arquitectura efímera con prácticas artísticas a través de un enfoque radical sobre la materialidad, que se plantea como el punto de partida de cada proyecto. En lugar de entender la materialidad como una decisión de segundo nivel que se aborda después de haber formulado el concepto de proyecto, ésta se aborda directamente para definir el concepto de diseño y su resolución detallada. Un resultado relevante de los casos de estudio es la exploración activa de nuevas formas de autoría, a caballo entre el autor autárquico de modelos posrománticos y la disolución de la autoría de algunos modelos colaborativos contemporáneos.
Otras agendas para el estudiante
Authors: Minguito García Ana Patricia 
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, architecture has extended its area of influence to an interdisciplinary context, that is much broader than the purely building one. Therefore, it is important to question the professional framework that is transmitted to the student from the teaching perspective, proposing a pedagogical alternative that encourages students to rethink the essence of his/her identity in the field professional context. Results extracted from the application of a teaching methodology based on a professional agenda research, in a postgraduate seminar at a Spanish School of Architecture, state that the architect role most shared by students requires a much more interdisciplinary and, at the same time, limited framework of action. Raising, as a conclusion of the communication, the need to introduce a renewed teaching approach to the profession, taking into consideration the present demand of students for a more detailed professional orientation.Hoy en día la arquitectura ha extendido su área de influencia a un contexto interdisciplinar mucho más amplio que el puramente edificatorio. Por lo que resulta importante poner en crisis el encuadre profesional que se trasmite al estudiante desde la perspectiva docente, proponiendo una alternativa pedagógica que incite al mismo a replantearse su esencia de identidad de cara al contexto profesional del campo. Los resultados extraídos de la aplicación de una metodología docente —de búsqueda de una agenda profesional—, en un seminario de posgrado de una Escuela de Arquitectura española, sentencian que el rol del arquitecto más compartido por los estudiantes requiere un marco de actuación mucho más interdisciplinar y, a la vez, más acotado. Planteando, como conclusión de la comunicación, la necesidad de introducir un renovado enfoque docente de la profesión, teniendo en consideración la palpable demanda del estudiante de una orientación profesional más pormenorizada.