bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisa Kinerja Teknik Reduksi PAPR Metode SLM dan HPA Predistorsi dengan Pemodelan Hammerstein pada Sistem OFDM
Authors: Anisah Ida 
Published: April 2021

Abstrak: Teknik OFDM mempunyai kelemahan, salah satunya adalah tingginya PAPR yang akan menyebabkan distorsi non-linear pada Power Amplifier (PA), dikarenakan PA membatasi keluaran dengan nilai tertentu yang dapat mengurangi efisiensi daya amplifier. Dalam mengatasi masalah tersebut maka diperlukan teknik reduksi PAPR. Untuk teknik reduksi PAPR efisien yang digunakan adalah Selective Mapping (SLM). Teknik Reduksi PAPR SLM sendiri tidak dapat untuk memperbaiki daerah non-linear pada Power Amplifier, oleh karena itu diterapkan teknik pemodelan HPA Predistorsi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dari PA dengan memperluas jangkauan linear dan mencegah sinyal jatuh ke wilayah saturasi PA. Untuk pemodelan HPA yang digunakan yaitu pemodelan Hammerstein. Model Hammerstein ini sederhana namun efektif untuk menggambarkan kinerja PA dan kinerja predistorter non-linear akan berlawanan dengan PA dengan menggunakan efek memori. Hasil kerja dari teknik gabungan tersebut dapat dianalisa berdasakan kurva BER dan kurva CCDF yang dihasilkan. Performansi BER dapat diperbaiki ketika menggunakan teknik reduksi SLM yang dikombinasikan dengan teknik predistorsi, dimana pada nilai SNR sebesar 15 dB sudah mampu mengatasi probabilitas BER. Namun, ketika tanpa teknik predistorsi baru bisa mengatasi probabilitas BER pada nilai SNR sebesar 22 dB. Untuk teknik reduksi SLM dan teknik predistorsi dengan subblok 16 mampu menghasilkan nilai lebih baik daripada saat menggunakan subblok 4 dan 8 yaitu dapat mencapai probabilitas BER hingga 10-6 dengan nilai SNR 14 dB, dan sudah dapat mengatasi probabilitas BER pada SNR 15 dB. Dengan teknik predistorsi ini mampu meningkatkan linearisasi pada PA. Sehingga dapat dibuktikan untuk dapat melewati HPA, sinyal dengan reduksi menggunakan subblok 4 sudah dapat melewati HPA yang mempunyai linearisasi tinggi.
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) profile of a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar: indications, procedures, and complications
Authors: Anwar Muhammad Naveed , Hayat Muhammad Khizar , Ahmad Zunnoor , Iftikhar Mawara , Khan Mohammad Ahmed Arsalan 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP), being a useful though technically demanding diagnostic and therapeutic procedure to evaluate and treat diseases of biliary and pancreatic ducts is dependent in large part for its success on the skill of the operator.
Objective: To determine the indications, procedures performed and success rate of ERCP at a tertiary care center of Peshawar.
Materials & Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at the Endoscopy Unit of Rehman Medical Institute (RMI) from January 2020 to April 2020 using universal sampling technique. All ERCP procedures done in the endoscopy unit from January 2019 to December 2019 were included in the study regardless of their age, gender, ethnicity or presenting complains. Any ERCP that did not have complete data were excluded from the study. Data were collected in a structured Performa. Data were analyzed in Microsoft Excel for descriptive statistics.
Results: A total of 161 ERCP procedures were performed during the study duration, of which 84(52.2%) were in males while 77(47.82%) were in females; the mean age was 54.82 ± 15.83 years. Biliary Stent placement (51.6%) was the most commonly performed procedure followed by Biliary Stone extraction (22.4%). Failed ERCP accounted for 30(18.6%) cases. The main indication for ERCP was Obstructive Jaundice (65.8%) followed by Common Bile duct (CBD) stones (42.9%). The least common indication was Dilated Intrahepatic Duct (1.86%). Only 4 cases of minor bleeding were observed during the procedure which were controlled during the procedures. No major complications have been seen on follow-up.
Conclusion: Obstructive Jaundice is major contributor to ERCP’s being performed. It is a relatively safe procedure in the hands of an experienced operator.
Keywords: Obstructive Jaundice; Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography; Gallstones; Pancreatic Duct.
A Deep Learning Convolutional Neural Network Can Differentiate Between Helicobacter Pylori Gastritis and Autoimmune Gastritis With Results Comparable to Gastrointestinal Pathologists
Authors: Franklin Michael M. , Schultz Fred A. , Tafoya Marissa A. , Kerwin Audra A. , Broehm Cory J. , Fischer Edgar G. , Gullapalli Rama R. , Clark Douglas P. , Hanson Joshua A. , Martin David R. 
Published: April 2021

Context.—
Pathology studies using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have focused on neoplasms, while studies in inflammatory pathology are rare. We previously demonstrated a CNN that differentiates reactive gastropathy, Helicobacter pylori gastritis (HPG), and normal gastric mucosa.

Objective.—
To determine whether a CNN can differentiate the following 2 gastric inflammatory patterns: autoimmune gastritis (AG) and HPG.

Design.—
Gold standard diagnoses were blindly established by 2 gastrointestinal (GI) pathologists. One hundred eighty-seven cases were scanned for analysis by HALO-AI. All levels and tissue fragments per slide were included for analysis. The cases were randomized, 112 (60%; 60 HPG, 52 AG) in the training set and 75 (40%; 40 HPG, 35 AG) in the test set. A HALO-AI correct area distribution (AD) cutoff of 50% or more was required to credit the CNN with the correct diagnosis. The test set was blindly reviewed by pathologists with different levels of GI pathology expertise as follows: 2 GI pathologists, 2 general surgical pathologists, and 2 residents. Each pathologist rendered their preferred diagnosis, HPG or AG.

Results.—
At the HALO-AI AD percentage cutoff of 50% or more, the CNN results were 100% concordant with the gold standard diagnoses. On average, autoimmune gastritis cases had 84.7% HALO-AI autoimmune gastritis AD and HP cases had 87.3% HALO-AI HP AD. The GI pathologists, general anatomic pathologists, and residents were on average, 100%, 86%, and 57% concordant with the gold standard diagnoses, respectively.

Conclusions.—
A CNN can distinguish between cases of HPG and autoimmune gastritis with accuracy equal to GI pathologists.
Collaborative Online Learning Using a Blended Learning Design for a Physiology Course in Nursing Education
Authors: Lid Reidun , Steindal Simen Alexander , Bingen Hanne Maria 
Published: April 2021

Background: This paper is based on implementation of Salmon’s model for online collaborative learning in a blended learning context for part-time nursing students at a Norwegian university.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore and describe students’ experiences and to assess the relevance of Salmon’s model applied in a blended learning course in physiology.
Methods: The study used a qualitative descriptive design. Data were collected from students enrolled in a physiology course in 2011 and 2012. Qualitative data came from survey and focus group interviews.
Findings: Three themes emerged from this study: participation in both steps of the two-step design is important but challenging; online socialisation and a sense of group community support student participation and learning in group e-tivities; and the students’ perception of responsibility when collaborating online.
Conclusions: The teacher’s facilitation of online socialisation, participation, collaboration, feedback and intervention promoted a sense of community and was crucial for the students’ learning of physiology. However, a lack of confidence concerning professional physiology knowledge led to a greater dependency on the teacher than Salmon’s model suggests. The model may have limited potential in physiology, which requires causal reasoning. We suggest combining Salmon’s asynchronous model with synchronous activities.
Toxicological Evaluation and Possible Reversal of Diabetic Toxicological Complications by PHF5 an Antidiabetic Herbal Formula in Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Ikechukwu Egba Simeon , Polycarp N. Okafor , Patricia E. Mbah , Gavin C. Ikechukwu , Humphrey C. Omeoga , Chukwuka W. Eze 
Published: April 2021

Aim: Medicinal potentials of herbs can be amplified greatly through synergism in a poly-herbal formulations. Toxic propensities of a plant can be masked out in poly-herbal preparations thus enhancing effectiveness. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential toxicological effect and toxicity ameliorating properties of a poly-herbal formula (PHF5) prepared in a particular ratio from the leaves of Ocimmum gratissimum, Vernonia amygdalina, Gongronema latifolium, Gnetum africanum and Aloe barbadensis against alloxan-induced diabetic male rats.
Methods: Thirty-six (36) Wistar rats divided into 6 groups with 6 animals per group were used for this study. Group 1 served as normal control animals; group 2 had the diabetic rats treated with PHF5 (75 mg/kg bw); group 3, diabetic rats treated with PHF5 (150 mg/kg bw); group 4, diabetic rats treated with PHF5 (300 mg/kg bw); group 5, diabetic rats not given any intervention, group 6 diabetic animals treated with Glibenclamide (5 mg/kgbw). The induction of diabetes was done intraperitoneally using alloxan monohydrate (100 mg/kg bw). Administration of PHF5 was done orally for five weeks.
Results: Acute toxicity studies of PHF5 did not show any toxic symptoms in animals that received the PHF5 at up to 5000 mg/kg bw dose. The elevated liver (TP, AST, ALT and ALP) and kidney (BUN and Creatnine) markers in the diabetic animals were lowered significantly in the PHF5-treated animals.
Conclusion: The findings of this study suggests that PHF5 possess protective properties against hepatotoxicity and diabetic nephropathy and that the extract is quite safe for consumption
Comparison on Safety and Efficacy of Telmisartan and Losartan with their Effects on Cardiovascular – A Single Centre Study
Authors: Chandrasekar T. , Muniappan M. , Muthiah N. S. 
Published: April 2021

Two of the major determinants of cardiovascular disease, hypertension and hyperlipidemia, commonly coexist. There is high prevalence (5 -25%) of low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and a higher prevalence of elevated Triglyceride (TGL) levels in hypertensive compared to normotensive individuals. Elevated total cholesterol (TC) levels augment the risk of cardiovascular disease associated with hypertension. This study aimed to determine the antihypertensive & pleiotropic effects of telmisartan and losartan in patients with mild to moderate hypertension. All the subjects were between the ages of 18 -65 years. 100 subjects were selected for the study and their serum total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, Triglyceride, Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate were analyzed at the beginning of the study and 12th and 24 the week. Adverse events are also noted in each visit. All data entered in SPSS 10 version and scores obtained were statistically evaluated using student t test, chi square test and ANOVA. The study showed both telmisartan and losartan good control over hypertension in patients. Telmisartan has pleiotropic positive effect on lipid profile.
Arabic Version of the Arc's Self-Determination Scale for Saudi Female Adolescents with Intellectual Disabilities, Learning Disabilities, and Multiple Disabilities
Authors: Alsuhaibani Aseel S. , Evmenova Anya S. , Graff Heidi J. , Duke Jodi M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThere is limited recognition of the concept of self-determination in Middle Eastern cultures. Consequently, there are no adapted measures of self-determination for Arabic adolescents with intellectual disabilities, learning disabilities, or multiple disabilities (intellectual disability and physical impairment). The purpose of this study was to examine the internal consistency reliability and construct validity of a translated and adapted version of the Arc's Self-Determination Scale. The participants in this study were 364 Saudi female adolescents between 14 and 22 years old who had intellectual disabilities, learning disabilities, or multiple disabilities and were enrolled in educational organizations in Saudi Arabia. An Arabic version of the Arc's Self-Determination Scale was translated and back-translated by the researchers and then refined and validated by a panel of experts. The translated and adapted Arc's self-determination scale was administered to the participants by their teachers at their schools. Thirty-four items were deleted from the scale, and seven items were modified by the researchers because they were culturally inappropriate. Factorial analysis showed proof of construct validity. The findings of this study showed that the translated and adapted version of the Arc's Self-Determination Scale is a validated assessment within Saudi culture; however, further validation studies with larger samples are needed. This study replicated the findings of previous studies with an international sample and confirmed the universality of the concept of self-determination as well as differences in the operationalization of the self-determination construct across cultures.
Radiation‐Type Metasurfaces for Advanced Electromagnetic Manipulation
Authors: Xu Peng , Tian Han Wei , Cai Xiao , Jiang Wei Xiang , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: April 2021

AbstractManipulating the phase, polarization, and energy distribution of electromagnetic (EM) waves has facilitated numerous applications. Nowadays, metasurface provides an innovational scenario to carry out more promising and advanced control of EM waves. However, it is a great challenge to manipulate polarization, phase, and energy distribution simultaneously with a low profile. Herein, a class of single‐layer radiation‐type metasurfaces to achieve advanced EM manipulation is proposed. Desired EM functions can be achieved based on the geometric phase and resonant phase. Such metasurfaces enable the capability to manipulate arbitrary phases and linear polarization states simultaneously. Moreover, arbitrary energy distributions can be controlled. As examples of potential applications, three advanced EM functional devices are presented: a novel multiple‐input multiple‐output antenna with efficient crosstalk suppression and information encryption, an energy‐controllable router, and a metasurface holographic imaging based on power transmission algorithm, respectively. The proposed strategy may open up an alternative way of controlling EM waves with advanced performance and minimalist complexity. Moreover, it may lead to advances in information encoding and cryptography.
Fluorination‐Enhanced Surface Stability of Cation‐Disordered Rocksalt Cathodes for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Linze , Lun Zhengyan , Chen Dongchang , Yue Yuan , Tong Wei , Chen Guoying , Ceder Gerbrand , Wang Chongmin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCation‐disordered rocksalt (DRX) materials have emerged as a class of novel high‐capacity cathodes for Li‐ion batteries. However, the commercialization of DRX cathodes will require reducing their capacity decay, which has been associated with oxygen loss during cycling. Recent studies show that fluorination of DRX cathodes can effectively reduce oxygen loss and improve cycling stability; however, the underlying atomic‐scale mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, using a combination of electrochemical measurements, scanning transmission electron microscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy, the correlation between the electrochemical properties and structural evolution in Mn‐redox‐based DRX cathodes, Li1.2Ti0.4–xMn0.4+xO2.0‐xFx (x = 0 and 0.2) is examined. It is found that fluorination strongly suppresses structural amorphization and void formation initiated from the particle surface, therefore greatly enhancing the cyclability of the cathode. A novel rocksalt‐to‐spinel‐like structural transformation in the DRX bulk is further revealed, which surprisingly contributes to a gradual capacity increase during cycling. The results provide important insight for the design of novel DRX cathodes with high capacity and long cycle life.
Overcoming Limitations in Surface Geometry‐Driven Bubble Transport: Bidirectional and Unrestricted Movement of an Underwater Gas Bubble Using a Magnetocontrollable Nonwetting Surface
Authors: Han Kiduk , Yong Kijung 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe movement of underwater gas bubbles significantly affects the core processes of a variety of applications in water electrolysis, heat transfer, optofluidics, and other fields. To maneuver the motion of bubbles, surface geometry‐driven transport is widely applied by employing asymmetric nonwetting surfaces, which induce Laplace pressure based on the bubble radius differences in confined states. Although this method has successfully demonstrated bubble manipulations in various geometries, it has inevitably shown some critical limitations; gas bubbles move unidirectionally from tip to root direction and cease their movements upon reaching unconfined states. This unidirectional and local bubble transport restrains the method's applicability to many fields, and overcoming this obstacle still remains an enormous challenge. Herein, a magnetocontrollable lubricant‐infused surface (MCLIS) is introduced as a key solution to this issue. MCLISs manipulate the adhesion of gas bubbles by controlling magneto‐responsive microwire alignments and rendering two reversible adhesion states, sticky (upright) and slippery (laying wires). This unique characteristic of MCLISs enables the bidirectional and geometry‐unrestricted transportation of bubbles by the wire geometry‐gradient force (Fwgg) generated at sticky–slippery interfaces. Furthermore, this novel magnetic responsive surface supports anti‐buoyancy transport and presents promising applications in microreactors and optical laser shutters in aqueous media.
Perovskite Solar Cells for Space Applications: Progress and Challenges
Authors: Tu Yongguang , Wu Jiang , Xu Guoning , Yang Xiaoyu , Cai Rong , Gong Qihuang , Zhu Rui , Huang Wei 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMetal halide perovskites have aroused burgeoning interest in the field of photovoltaics owing to their versatile optoelectronic properties. The outstanding power conversion efficiency, high specific power (i.e., power to weight ratio), compatibility with flexible substrates, and excellent radiation resistance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) enable them to be a promising candidate for next‐generation space photovoltaic technology. Nevertheless, compared with other practical space photovoltaics, such as silicon and III‐V multi‐junction compound solar cells, the research on PSCs for space applications is just in the infancy stage. Therefore, there are considerable interests in further strengthening relevant research from the perspective of both mechanism and technology. Consequently, the approaches used for and the consequences of PSCs for space applications are reviewed. This review provides an overview of recent progress in PSCs for space applications in terms of performance evolution and mechanism exploration of perovskite films and devices under space extreme environments.
Engineered Protein Photo‐Thermal Hydrogels for Outstanding In Situ Tongue Cancer Therapy
Authors: Su Juanjuan , Lu Shuang , Jiang Shengjie , Li Bo , Liu Bin , Sun Qiannan , Li Jingjing , Wang Fan , Wei Yan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSurgical excision is the main choice for tongue cancer treatment. However, the physiological functions of oral and maxillofacial regions might be severely impaired and high risk of tongue tumor recurrence cannot be avoided. It is thus becoming urgently important to develop alternative strategies for tongue cancer therapy. In this regard, a new class of near‐infrared (NIR) light‐responsive and peritumoral injectable hydrogel is fabricated with extraordinary photothermal therapy (PTT) for in situ tongue tumors. The as‐prepared soft material exhibits good biocompatibility and ultra‐strong photothermal effect due to the formed network by negatively charged proteins, chitosan molecules, and Ag3AuS2 nanoparticles (NPs). In a well‐constructed in situ tongue tumor model, tumors can be efficiently eradicated by one‐time PTT treatment. Importantly, there are no side effects on surrounding normal tissues and potential tumor recurrence is inhibited. In stark contrast to traditional surgical excision, such biomaterials hold great potential for clinical treatment of oral cancers.
Self‐Assembled Wavy Optical Microfiber for Stretchable Wearable Sensor
Authors: Zhu Heng‐Tian , Zhan Liu‐Wei , Dai Qing , Xu Biao , Chen Ye , Lu Yan‐Qing , Xu Fei 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSmart wearable devices have made remarkable success in medical‐grade human vital signal monitoring and have promoted the realization of precision medicine and telemedicine. The flexibility and stretchability are significant for wearable devices, which determine the adhesion to the skin and influence the signal accuracy. Here, a stretchable and ultrathin optical sensor based on a self‐assembled wavy microfiber is proposed. Thanks to the “bottom–up” strategy, the wave structure of the microfiber can be adjusted artificially, paving the way for the design of stretchable optical devices. Due to the microbend loss of the microfiber, the optical sensor has a sensitivity of ≈257 per unit strain and a good repetition (the standard deviation is 1.7% over 100 cycles). With the great sensor performance, the wrist pulse with a high signal‐to‐noise ratio is detected and the blood pressure is monitored successfully via the pulse arrival time, showing a potential application for human health monitoring.
MXene‐GaN van der Waals Heterostructures for High‐Speed Self‐Driven Photodetectors and Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Yi Chujun , Chen Yibo , Kang Zhe , Ma Yanan , Yue Yang , Liu Weijie , Zhu Meng , Gao Yihua 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDue to their excellent electrical conductivity, high transmittance, and adjustable work function, 2D transition‐metal carbides and nitrides have shown great promise in optoelectronic applications, especially in MXene‐semiconductor devices. In this work, Ti3C2TX/(n/p)‐GaN van der Waals heterostructures are fabricated and studied. The Ti3C2TX/(n/p)‐GaN Schottky junctions are confirmed by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) with a work function ≈4.2 eV of Ti3C2TX. Based on the Ti3C2TX/(n/p)‐GaN Schottky junctions, high‐speed photodetectors and stable orange light emitting diodes (LEDs) are fabricated. The Ti3C2TX/n‐GaN heterostructure photodetector shows a short rise time (60 ms) and decay time (20 ms), a high responsivity (44.3 mA W−1) and on/off ratio (≈11300) under a light source of 365 nm wavelength and 96.9 µW cm−2 power density. And the Ti3C2TX/p‐GaN heterostructure LED remains a stable orange light emission under bias voltage from 4 to 22 V. The chromaticity coordinates and color temperature of EL spectrum under 22 V are further calculated to be 0.4541, 0.4432, and 2953 K, respectively. The authors believe that this work provides fundamental insight into the applications of MXene in optoelectronic devices.