bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association Between Different Trajectories of Low Back Pain and Degenerative Imaging Findings in Young Adult Participants Within The Raine Study
Authors: Smith Anne , Hancock Mark , O’Hanlon Susan , Krieser Michael , O'Sullivan Peter , Cicuttini Flavia , Straker Leon , Adler Brendan , Wang YuanYuan , Karppinen Jaro , Samartzis Dino , Beales Darren , Coenen Pieter , Kent Peter 
Published: July 2021

Study Design.
Case-control study.

Objective.
Investigate the association between lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and 5-year trajectories of low back pain (LBP) in young Australian adults.

Summary of Background Data.
The association between lumbar spine imaging findings and LBP remains unclear due to important limitations of previous research, such as a lack of clearly defined LBP phenotypes and inadequate controlling for age, which may substantially affect the association.

Methods.
Seventy-eight “case” participants with a previously identified “consistent high disabling LBP” trajectory from age 17 to 22 years and 78 “control” participants from a trajectory with consistently low LBP over the same time period, matched for sex, body mass index, physical activity levels, and work physical demands, were identified from Gen2 Raine Study participants. At age 27, participants underwent a standardized lumbar MRI scan, from which 14 specific MRI phenotypes were identified. Primary analyses used unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for covariates used in the matching process, to investigate the relationship between presence of each imaging finding and being a case or control. Secondary analyses explored those relationships based on the number of spinal levels with each MRI finding.

Results.
The odds for being a case compared with a control were higher in those with disc degeneration (Pfirrmann grade ≥ 3; OR = 3.21, 95% CI: 1.60–6.44; P = 0.001) or those with a herniation (OR = 1.90, 95% CI: 0.96–3.74; P – 0.065). We also found that the association became substantially stronger when either disc degeneration or herniation was present at two or more spinal levels (OR = 5.56, 95% CI: 1.97–15.70; P = 0.001, and OR = 5.85, 95% CI: 1.54–22.25; P = 0.009, respectively). The other investigated MRI findings were not associated with greater odds of being a case.

Conclusion.
Lumbar disc degeneration and herniation may be important contributors to disabling LBP in young adults. Further investigation of their potential prognostic and causal roles is indicated.

Level of Evidence: 4
Prognostic Value of Nucleated RBCs for Patients With Suspected Sepsis in the Emergency Department: A Single-Center Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Amundsen Erik K. , Binde Christina , Christensen Erik E. , Klingenberg Olav , Kvale Dag , Holten Aleksander R. 
Published: July 2021

OBJECTIVES:
Increase of nucleated RBCs in peripheral blood has been shown to be predictive of mortality in ICU patients. The aim of this study was to explore the prognostic value of nucleated RBCs in the first blood sample taken at admission to the emergency department from patients with suspected sepsis.

DESIGN:
Single-center prospective cohort study.

SETTING:
Emergency department.

PATIENTS:
One-thousand two-hundred thirty-one consecutive adult patients with suspected sepsis were included in a prospective quality register-based cohort study. Inclusion criteria were as follows: patients received in rapid response team with blood cultures taken and immediate antibiotics given in the emergency department.

Intervention:
Not applicable.

MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS:
Nucleated RBCs, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, Quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and commonly used laboratory tests measured in the emergency department were compared with 30-day mortality. Nvaucleated RBC counts were divided into five groups, called “Nucleated RBC score,” according to nucleated RBC count levels and analyzed with logistic regression together with the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score and Charlson Comorbidity Index. Of the 262 patients with nucleated RBCs equal to or higher than the detection limit (0.01 × 109/L), 26% died within 30 days, compared with 12% of the 969 patients with nucleated RBCs below the detection limit (p < 0.0001). Mortality was significantly higher for each increase in Nucleated RBC score, except from score 2 to 3, and was 62% in the highest group. In multivariate logistic regression, odds ratios for 30-day mortality were as follows: Nucleated RBC score: 1.33 (95% CI, 1.13–1.56), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score: 1.32 (1.29–1.56), and Charlson Comorbidity Index: 1.17 (1.09–1.25).

CONCLUSIONS:
Most patients with suspected sepsis in emergency department had undetectable nucleated RBCs at admission to the emergency department. However, increased nucleated RBCs significantly predicted 30-day mortality. Nucleated RBCs may provide additional prognostic information to Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score and other laboratory tests.
Safety of early surgery for geriatric hip fracture patients taking clopidogrel: a retrospective case-control study of 120 patients in China
Authors: Yang Ming-Hui , Li Bo , Yao Dong-Chen , Zhou Yan , Zhang Wen-Chao , Wang Geng , Zhang Ping , Zhu Shi-Wen , Wu Xin-Bao 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background:
Geriatric hip fracture patients receiving clopidogrel are a surgical challenge. In China, most of these patients undergo delayed surgical treatment after clopidogrel withdrawal for at least 5 to 7 days. However, delayed surgery is associated with increased complications and mortality in the older adults. This retrospective paralleled comparison study investigated the safety of early surgery for geriatric hip fracture patients within 5 days of clopidogrel withdrawal.

Methods:
Acute hip fracture patients (≥65 years) who were hospitalized in the orthogeriatric co-management ward of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital between November 2016 and April 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Sixty patients taking clopidogrel before injury and discontinued <5 days before surgery constituted the clopidogrel group. The control group constituted 60 patients not taking antiplatelet or anticoagulant drugs and matched 1:1 with the clopidogrel group for sex, fracture type, operative procedure, and time from injury to operation (±10 h). The primary outcome was perioperative blood loss and the secondary outcomes were transfusion requirement, complications, and mortality. The Student's t test or Wilcoxon signed rank sum test was used for continuous variables and the Chi-square test was used for categorical variables.

Results:
Age, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, and percentage undergoing general anesthesia were comparable between the groups (P > 0.050). The percentages of patients with coronary heart disease (61.7% vs. 18.3%; P < 0.001) and cerebrovascular disease (45.0% vs. 15.0%; P < 0.010) were significantly higher in the clopidogrel vs. control groups, respectively. The median clopidogrel discontinuation time before operation was 73.0 (range: 3.0–120.0) h. There was no significant difference in the estimated perioperative blood loss between the clopidogrel group (median: 745 mL) and control group (median: 772 mL) (P = 0.866). The intra-operative transfusion rate was higher in the clopidogrel group (22/60, 36.7%) than that in the control group (12/60, 20.0%) (P < 0.050). However, there was no significant difference in the blood transfusion rate during the entire perioperative period (26/60, 43.3% vs. 20/60, 33.3%; clopidogrel group vs. control group, respectively; P > 0.050). There was no significant difference in perioperative complications, and 30-day and 1-year mortality rates between the groups.

Conclusions:
Early hip fracture surgery is safe for elderly patients within 5 days of clopidogrel withdrawal, without increased perioperative blood loss, transfusion requirement, complications, and mortality compared with patients not taking antiplatelet drugs.
The rule of 3
Authors: Strand Niels August Willer , Vinther Siri , Horwitz Henrik 
Published: July 2021

Summary
In this paper, we critically review the information distributed to patients and doctors regarding adverse drug reactions. One major concern is that frequencies reported in the summary of product characteristics are not adjusted for the nocebo effect, leading to an exaggerated concern of adverse drug reactions. Previous research has found that the understanding of health hazards related to pharmacotherapy can be significantly improved by providing information on the frequencies of adverse drug reactions in both the active- and placebo-treated group.
Acute Calcific Band Keratopathy as an Adverse Effect of Recombinant Human Nerve Growth Factor (Cenegermin): A Multicenter Case Series
Authors: Qureshi Sana , Ferguson Tanner J. , Lim Mira , You Jae Young , Goshe Jeffrey M. , Hood Christopher T. 
Published: July 2021

Purpose:
Cenegermin, (OXERVATE) a recently Food and Drug Administration-approved topical formulation of recombinant human nerve growth factor, has been used for the treatment of neurotrophic keratopathy (NK). Corneal deposits have been previously reported as a potential adverse effect; however, the clinical characteristics, visual significance, and treatment options have not been fully described. The purpose of this article is to better characterize corneal deposits occurring during treatment with cenegermin for neurotrophic keratopathy.

Methods:
This was a retrospective, multicenter consecutive case series.

Results:
We identified 5 patients from 3 institutions who developed a white opacity in varying layers of the cornea, consistent with calcium deposition, during treatment with cenegermin. In all cases, the opacity occurred rapidly over the course of a few weeks after initiation of treatment. Histopathologic examination of the cornea from one corneal patient demonstrated extensive calcification of the stroma extending to 90% depth. Before treatment, all patients had stage 2 or 3 NK (Mackie classification). The deposits were visually significant in all patients and did not resolve after cessation of cenegermin. There were no differences in age, sex, etiology of the NK, corneal transplant status, or concurrent medications between the patients who developed a deposit and 15 other patients with stage 2 or 3 NK who did not. One patient was successfully treated with superficial keratectomy with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid chelation, one patient underwent penetrating keratoplasty, and one patient received a Boston keratoprosthesis.

Conclusions:
We report the rapid onset of a corneal opacity after initiation of treatment with cenegermin in patients with stage 2 or 3 NK, consistent with acute calcific band keratopathy. This visually significant adverse finding has not previously been described. We could not identify any risk factors for development. We recommend close monitoring of patients receiving cenegermin therapy because the opacity may be irreversible and may require keratoplasty for visual rehabilitation.
Symptom-based Screening Versus Chest Radiography for TB Child Contacts: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Vasiliu Anca , Abelman Rebecca A. , Casenghi Martina , Cohn Jennifer , Bonnet Maryline 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Accessibility to chest radiography remains a major challenge in high burden and low-income countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines acknowledge that for child contacts under 5 years, a negative symptom-based screening is sufficient to exclude active tuberculosis (TB), but in child contacts older than 5 years, a chest radiograph should be considered. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the performance of symptom-based screening compared with chest radiography in household contacts under 15 years in low-income and middle-income countries.

Methods:
Screening articles published prior 1 October 2020 and data extraction were performed by 2 independent reviewers. The primary outcome was the concordance between symptom screening and chest radiography using the prevalence adjusted bias adjusted kappa coefficient (PABAK) and the proportion of asymptomatic children with negative chest radiography. The analysis was stratified by age group.

Results:
Of 639 identified articles, 10 were included. PABAK varied between 0.09 and 0.97 and between 0.22 and 0.98, in children less than 5 years and 5–14 years, respectively. The pooled proportion of children with both non-TB suggestive symptoms and chest radiography findings was 98.7% (96.9–99.8) in children less than 5 years and 98.1% (93.8–100) in children of age 5–14 years.

Conclusions:
Despite low concordance between symptom-based screening and chest radiography, most children without TB suggestive symptoms did not have chest radiography findings suggestive of TB. These results suggest that a negative symptom screening is sufficient to rule out active TB, supporting the WHO recommendation to use symptom-based screening alone when chest radiography is not available.
Short- and Long-term Patient Satisfaction and Complications in 650 Endoscopic Forehead Lift Procedures
Authors: Kashkouli Mohsen Bahmani , Abdolalizadeh Parya , Mansour Saina , Hamami Parisa , Karimi Nasser , Khademi Behzad 
Published: July 2021

Purpose:
The aims are to compare short- versus long-term patient satisfaction and report temporary versus permanent complications in 650 patients with endoscopic forehead lift procedure (EFL).

Methods:
This is a retrospective study on all of the consecutive patients with EFL. Patients with previous trauma and surgery and less than 2 years follow up were excluded. Short- (6 months) and long-term (≥2 years) patient satisfaction (visual analog score [VAS], 0–100) were recorded. Patients’ perspectives on temporary versus permanent complications were also documented.

Results:
Mean age and follow up were 46.4 and 7.1 (2–13) years, respectively. Long-term satisfaction (79.9) was significantly lower than the short term (96.6). The long-term satisfaction decreased in 95.7%, increased in 2.7%, and remained the same in 1.6% of the patients. Intraoperative skin laceration occurred in 3 patients (0.5%). Mean time of forehead numbness recovery was 2.3 months. Temporary complications were itching (13.7%), headache (6.3%), unilateral facial nerve palsy (5.8%), acne (3.2%), and remained staples (1.7%). Permanent complications included undercorrection (7.1%), alopecia (4.2%), forehead irregularities (2.3%), surprised look (2.2%), incision site complications (2%), and glabellar depression (0.9%). Reoperation (1.2%) was performed for undercorrection and alopecia. While short-term satisfaction was significantly lower in patients with temporary facial nerve paresis, long-term satisfaction was lower in patients with undercorrection and reoperation.

Conclusion:
A high satisfaction scores of 96.6 and 80 were observed in the short- and long-term follow up after the EFL. Frequency of temporary and permanent postoperative complications was 30.3% and 15.8%. Reoperation rate was 1.2%.
Quality Measurement and Patient Outcomes in Inpatient Behavioral Health: Assessing the Current Framework
Authors: Nowlin Rachel B. , Brown Sarah K. , Ingram Jessica R. , Smith Johan R. 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT
Quality measurement across healthcare is undertaken with a goal of improving care and outcomes for patients; however, the relationship between quality measurement and patient outcomes remains largely untested, particularly in inpatient behavioral health. Using a retrospective quantitative design, we assessed 142 behavioral health organizations' quality data submitted to the Hospital-Based Inpatient Psychiatric Services and Inpatient Psychiatric Facility Quality Reporting programs from 2017 to 2018 and tested relationships between compliance on 16 quality measures and symptom improvement on patient self-report outcomes (SROs) at the facility level. Performance on many quality measures was negatively skewed (at least four have almost no room for improvement on average), and there was high interrelatedness between most quality measures. Nine of the assessed measures correlated with patient SROs but not in clear groupings. Findings indicate that an underlying organizational construct may be driving compliance rates on quality measures, but the measures are not linked to treatment outcomes as expected. We encourage an expansion of the current framework of behavioral health quality measurement beyond process and organization and suggest the addition of patient outcomes such as SROs as quality measures to directly assess patient improvement.
Quality of Life and Associated Factors in Older Adults With Heart Failure
Authors: YEH Hsiang-Fen , SHAO Jung-Hua 
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
Although heart failure (HF) is negatively known to affect older adults physically, psychologically, and socially, only a few studies have explored the predictors of quality of life (QoL) in older adults with HF in Taiwan.

Purpose
This study was designed to determine the relationships among depression, demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and QoL in older patients with HF.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. From January 2013 to June 2014, convenience sampling was used to collect data from 175 older adults with HF at two hospitals in Northern Taiwan. Participant data were collected from medical records and researcher-administered structured questionnaires in face-to-face interviews.

Results
The QoL of the participants was found to be associated with clinical characteristics, including hospital readmission for > 10 days with an increased level of HF-related symptom distress (HFSD) and more-severe depression. Depression was found to have a mediating effect, with the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class and HFSD both affecting the QoL of the participants through this intermediary.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice
HF is a chronic and debilitating disease that often reduces QoL in older adults significantly. Interventions designed to increase QoL by improving the NYHA functional class and alleviating HFSD are valid treatment options only in cases with depressive symptoms. Nurses treating older adults with HF should consider factors such as NYHA functional class and HFSD to reduce HFSD and readmission rates and to enhance the QoL of these patients. In addition, after both hospital admission and discharge, older adult patients should be assessed regularly to monitor for and quickly address the development of comorbid depression.
A Cross-Sectional Study of the Mismatch Between Telecommuting Preference and Frequency Associated With Psychological Distress Among Japanese Workers in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Otsuka Souhei , Ishimaru Tomohiro , Nagata Masako , Tateishi Seiichiro , Eguchi Hisashi , Tsuji Mayumi , Ogami Akira , Matsuda Shinya , Fujino Yoshihisa 
Published: July 2021

Objective:
To examine how the mismatch between telecommuting preference and telecommuting frequency was associated with psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
Data from 33,302 workers throughout Japan were obtained using an Internet survey. Among 33,302 participants, 20,395 who telecommuted were included in the analysis. Participants’ telecommuting preference and frequency during the COVID-19 pandemic were determined using a questionnaire. Psychological distress was assessed using Kessler 6 (K6).

Results:
Among participants who did and did not prefer to telecommute, those who telecommuted four or more days per week had an OR of psychological distress of 0.67 (P < 0.001) and 1.87 (P = 0.001), respectively, compared with those who rarely telecommuted.

Conclusions:
The association between telecommuting and psychological distress differs depending on telecommuting preference.
CC16 as a Marker of COE-Induced the Early Change of Blood Composition of Coke Oven Workers
Authors: Zhang Huadong , Chen Fengqiong , Deng Huaxin , Ran Ruihong , He Zhijun 
Published: July 2021

Objective:
This project aims to enhance the occupational health insurance for coke oven workers.

Methods:
A total of 136 coke oven emissions workers and 61 oxygen plant workers were recruited to receive physical examinations. The coke oven emissions concentration at the workplace was measured by weighing method. The CC16 concentration was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results:
Logistic regression analysis revealed that exposure to coke oven emissions was correlated with CC16. Correlation analysis revealed that CC16 was related to some physical examination indicators. Multivariate general linear models showed that CC16 was indeed positively correlated with albumin after adjusting for confounding factors.

Conclusions:
Coke oven emissions affected multiple tissues and multiple systems. The blood system might be the earliest system affected and could be detected by the CC16 protein concentration.
Effects of High and Moderate-Intensity Interval Training on Pulmonary and Performance Parameters in Miners Suffering From Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases
Authors: Batajrobeh Abdolhakim , Ahmadi Mohsen Mohammadnia , Mogharnasi Mehdi 
Published: July 2021

Objective:
To characterize the effect of 12 weeks of high and moderate-intensity interval training on pulmonary and functional parameters in miners with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease working in the polluted environment.

Methods:
Forty-five miners with COPD (average degree: 60 > FEV1 < 70), were randomly divided into HIIT (with 100%–125% ISWT); MIIT (with 60%–85% ISWT), and control. The study period was 12 weeks (3 sessions per week). At the beginning and end of the study, pulmonary and functional indices was evaluated.

Results:
Based on results, HIIT and MIIT significantly increased FVC, FEV1, and mean traveled distance in ISWT compared with control. Comparison of training intensities showed that HIIT led to a significant change in FVC, FEV1, and ISWT record compared to MIIT.

Conclusion:
It is suggested that miners suffering from COPD, consider HIIT as part of their treatment plan.