bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Eurobond issuance influence FDI location? Evidence from sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Mensah Lord , Yiadom Eric B. , Dziwornu Raymond 
Published: May 2021

PurposeDoes the issuance of Eurobonds carry enough information about favourable domestic conditions to warrant more FDI inflows? In this study, the authors investigate how FDI is responding to the rising levels of Eurobonds in sub-Saharan African (SSA).Design/methodology/approachThe study uses the system GMM model to set up a panel with all 17 SSA countries with Eurobonds. The dataset was transformed into time series, and the VAR model and Granger causality were used to diffuse the doubt of a possible bi-causal relationship between Eurobonds and FDI. Additionally, the authors use the impulse response function to test the behaviour of FDI to a one-time shock to Eurobonds.FindingsThe study reports that Eurobond levels matter in explaining FDI receipts. Specifically, the authors report that the issuance of Eurobonds leads to a favourable increase in FDI inflows. The authors transform our data into time series and use the VAR model and Granger causality test to diffuse the doubt of a possible bi-causal relationship between Eurobonds and FDI. The authors’ findings from this exercise suggest that two lag levels of Eurobond are a good predictor of future FDI flows. More also, the authors use the impulse response function to test the behaviour of FDI to a one-time shock to Eurobonds and report that a one-unit standard deviation shock to Eurobonds will cause FDI to swell up over at least 8 years.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited in scope due to data availability. Future studies may consider using countries across the globe that have issued Eurobond to retest the current research objectives.Practical implicationsThe study establishes grounds to suggest that the issuance of Eurobonds carry enough information to foreign investors in deciding on the location of FDI.Originality/valueThe study is uniquely opening a new frontier to the discussion on how one international capital can be used to bait other foreign capital. It also discusses signalling theory at the macro level.
Modelling ozone disinfection process for creating COVID-19 secure spaces
Authors: Tamaddon Jahromi HamidReza , Rolland Samuel , Jones Jason , Coccarelli Alberto , Sazonov Igor , Kershaw Chris , Tizaoui Chedly , Holliman Peter , Worsley David , Thomas Hywel , Nithiarasu Perumal 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
A novel modelling approach is proposed to study ozone distribution and destruction in indoor spaces. The level of ozone gas concentration in the air, confined within an indoor space during an ozone-based disinfection process, is analysed. The purpose of this work is to investigate how ozone is distributed in time within an enclosed space.

Design/methodology/approach
A computational methodology for predicting the space- and time-dependent ozone concentration within the room across the consecutive steps of the disinfection process (generation, dwelling and destruction modes) is proposed. The emission and removal of ozone from the air volume are possible by means of a generator located in the middle of the room. This model also accounts for ozone reactions and decay kinetics, and gravity effect on the air.

Finding
This work is validated against experimental measurements at different locations in the room during the disinfection cycle. The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental data. This comparison proves that the presented methodology is able to provide accurate predictions of the time evolution of ozone concentration at different locations of the enclosed space.

Originality/value
This study introduces a novel computational methodology describing solute transport by turbulent flow for predicting the level of ozone concentration within a closed room during a COVID-19 disinfection process. A parametric study is carried out to evaluate the impact of system settings on the time variation of ozone concentration within the space considered.
Customer experience and brand loyalty in the full-service hotel sector: the role of brand affect
Authors: Guan Jingjing , Wang Wanfei , Guo Zhigang , Chan Jin Hooi , Qi Xiaoguang 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThis study aims to propose a comprehensive causal model to examine the relationships between customer experience and four key factors in brand building, i.e., brand loyalty, brand trust, brand affect and brand involvement. The dimensionality of customer experience in full-service hotel is also particularly examined in relation to brand building.Design/methodology/approachThree steps of data collection were used: interviews of 50 customers on their experiences of staying full-service hotels, a small survey of 176 hotel guests to establish the measurement scale of customer experience and a major survey of 732 hotel customers in ten major Chinese cities to test the model of brand loyalty.FindingsCustomers’ experiences with full-service hotels are proposed to be categorized into functional, affective and social. There is a chain effect from customer experience to brand trust and to brand affect and then to brand loyalty. The brand involvement does moderate relationships between customer experience and brand trust and brand affect but not brand loyalty.Practical implicationsFor full-service hotels, social and functional experiences are critical in building brand loyalty, and therefore, they need to be the focal points in the enhancement of customer experience. Also, hoteliers are advised to develop emotional connections between the customers and the hotel brand – an effective way of building trust and affection.Originality/valueAccording to the authors’ knowledge, this paper is one of the first few studies to link customer experience to brand loyalty with comprehensive causal effect analysis. This study also contributes to the knowledge of customer experience in the context of the full-service hotel sector.
Gamification in freight transportation: extant corpus and future agenda
Authors: Tomé Klock Ana Carolina , Wallius Eetu , Hamari Juho 
Published: May 2021

PurposeSeveral freight operations rely on human cognition and behavior. Tackling these aspects, gamification transforms activities to resemble game-like experiences. Since the freight transportation sector is rapidly adopting gamification, the purpose of this study is to provide an overview that synthesizes the state-of-the-art and plot future directions for research and the practice of gamifying this area.Design/methodology/approachA systematic review of the gamification of freight transportation was conducted. After screening 691 studies, 40 relevant studies were analyzed.FindingsMost studies found positive psychological and behavioral outcomes from gamification. Literature mainly focused on tackling the operational-level issues of road and maritime transportation modes by implementing simulation games.Research limitations/implicationsBesides elaborating how gamification can improve freight transportation, the authors describe directions still uncovered by the current corpus, such as research design and temporality and the variety of modes and tasks.Practical implicationsPractical implications emerged from the studies, primarily focusing on understanding users, tasks and contexts, targeting different audiences and transportation modalities, and balancing motivational affordances, while considering the demands of the freight transportation domain, including dynamic, spatially dispersed environments and cooperation between multiple stakeholders.Social implicationsThe transportation of goods dominates much of the global economy and ecology. Therefore, gamifying this domain has a huge societal impact potential, especially related to issues of sharing economy, safety, environmental sustainability and social media.Originality/valueBeyond providing an original overview of gamified freight transportation, this study maps current research gaps and describes practical recommendations.
Prediction of student attrition risk using machine learning
Authors: Barramuño Mauricio , Meza-Narváez Claudia , Gálvez-García Germán 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThe prediction of student attrition is critical to facilitate retention mechanisms. This study aims to focus on implementing a method to predict student attrition in the upper years of a physiotherapy program.Design/methodology/approachMachine learning is a computer tool that can recognize patterns and generate predictive models. Using a quantitative research methodology, a database of 336 university students in their upper-year courses was accessed. The participant's data were collected from the Financial Academic Management and Administration System and a platform of Universidad Autónoma de Chile. Five quantitative and 11 qualitative variables were chosen, associated with university student attrition. With this database, 23 classifiers were tested based on supervised machine learning.FindingsAbout 23.58% of males and 17.39% of females were among the attrition student group. The mean accuracy of the classifiers increased based on the number of variables used for the training. The best accuracy level was obtained using the “Subspace KNN” algorithm (86.3%). The classifier “RUSboosted trees” yielded the lowest number of false negatives and the higher sensitivity of the algorithms used (78%) as well as a specificity of 86%.Practical implicationsThis predictive method identifies attrition students in the university program and could be used to improve student retention in higher grades.Originality/valueThe study has developed a novel predictive model of student attrition from upper-year courses, useful for unbalanced databases with a lower number of attrition students.
Factors associated with mothers' knowledge of children with congenital heart disease in Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Khouenkoup Malatree , Srichantaranit Arunrat , Sanasuttipun Wanida 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThis study aimed to determine mothers' knowledge of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) and to examine the relationship between types of CHD, the duration of treatments, the perception of the severity of illness and the mothers' knowledge.Design/methodology/approachA correlation study was conducted among 84 mothers of children (from infancy to six years old) with CHD who had attended pediatric cardiology clinics and pediatric units in three tertiary hospitals in Bangkok, Thailand. The two questionnaires aimed to evaluate the mothers' knowledge and perceptions of the severity of illness. Descriptive statistics, Spearman's rank-order correlation and Fisher's exact test were used to analyze the data.FindingsKnowledge levels of mothers of children with CHD were at a high level with a mean score of 34.79 (SD = 8.23), but the knowledge domain of preventing complications was at a low level with a mean score of 14.95 (SD = 5.28). The types of CHD and the perceptions of illness were not correlated with the mothers' knowledge, but the duration of treatments was significantly correlated (r = 0.271, p < 0.05).Originality/valueHealthcare professionals, especially nurses, should emphasize proper health education on complication prevention and the duration of treatments for children. Moreover, mothers should be supported to nurture children with CHD to reduce possible complications and prepare for cardiac surgery where needed.
Negative operating cash flows and investment inefficiency
Authors: Harris Chris , Li Zhe 
Published: May 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify whether negative operating cash flows are related to investment inefficiency, and specifically whether they are related to subsequent overinvestment and if this relationship is driven by agency problems within the firm.Design/methodology/approachThe study conducts fixed effect regressions, testing the relationship between negative operating cash flows and the firm’s subsequent investment inefficiency. The relationship is further examined for all firms based on size, corporate governance and cash holdings – all of which are related to agency problems.FindingsThe proportion of firms reporting negative operating cash flows has been increasing over time and is positively related to subsequent investment inefficiency. This increase is explained not only by the rise in investment of intangible assets. The positive relationship is not explained by the firm size or corporate governance, but is related to cash holdings. These results are consistent across four different measures of firm investment.Practical implicationsThe percentage of publicly traded firms with negative operating cash flows has never been higher. This paper is one of the first to identify factors that may be contributing to this rise.Originality/valueThis study extends prior findings by identifying previously unexplored factors related to the rise in firms with negative operating cash flows. The rise in investment of intangible assets does not explain the increase alone. High cash holdings also influence the rise in negative operating cash flows.
The association between carbohydrate quality index and nutrient adequacy in Iranian adults
Authors: Farazi Mena , Jayedi Ahmad , Noruzi Zahra , Dehghani Firouzabadi Fatemeh , Asgari Elaheh , Djafarian Kurosh , Shab-Bidar Sakineh 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to evaluate the association between carbohydrate quality index (CQI) and nutrient adequacy in Iranian adults.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 268 men and women with ages ranged from 18 to 70 years were evaluated in a cross-sectional study. The CQI was calculated by adding together the three components, namely, the ratio of solid to total carbohydrate, dietary fiber and glycemic index. The scores of three components were summed to calculate the CQI, with a higher score indicating a higher dietary carbohydrate quality. The odds ratios (ORs) of nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR), defined as the ratio of intake of a nutrient to the age- and gender-specific recommended dietary allowance, for the intake of energy and 10 nutrients across quartiles of the CQI were calculated by logistic regression analysis and expressed with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Findings
CQI ranged between 3 to 15 (mean ± SD: 9 ± 1.9). Being in top versus bottom quartile of the CQI was associated with a higher NAR of folic acid (OR: 3.20, 95% CI: 1.06–9.62; P-trend: <0.001), vitamin A (OR: 3.66; 95% CI: 1.46–9.17; P-trend: <0.001), magnesium (OR: 5.94; 95% CI; 1.71–20.53; P-trend: <0.001), vitamin C (OR: 7.85; 95% CI; 2.99–20.59; P-trend: <0.001).

Originality/value
A higher CQI was associated with greater micronutrient consumption adequacy in Iranian adults. The results suggest that increasing the consumption of total fiber and solid carbohydrates and decreasing the glycemic index of the diet and liquid carbohydrates can improve micronutrient intake adequacy.
Corporate governance model, stakeholder engagement and social issues evidence from European oil and gas industry
Authors: Doni Federica , Corvino Antonio , Bianchi Martini Silvio 
Published: May 2021

PurposeLately, sustainability issues are increasingly affecting all sectors, even if oil and gas industry is highly required to improve its social performance because of the societal pressure to environmental protection and social welfare. Sustainability concerns and corporate governance features and practices are more and more connected because sustainability has been perceived as a crucial topic by owners and managers. In this perspective, the empirical analysis aims to explore whether and to what extent, sustainability-oriented corporate governance model is linked with social performance.Design/methodology/approachBy adopting a multi-theoretical framework that includes the legitimacy theory, the stakeholder theory and the resource-based view theory, this analysis used a sample of 42 large European-listed companies belonging to the oil and gas industry. The authors run fixed effects regression models by using a dependent variable, i.e. the social score, available in ASSET4 Thomson Reuters, and some independent variables focused on sustainable corporate governance models, stakeholder engagement, firm profitability, market value and corporate risk level.FindingsDrawing upon the investigation of a moderating effect, findings display that stakeholder engagement is positively associated with corporate social performance and it can be considered an important internal driver able to shape a corporate culture and most likely to address corporate social responsibility issues.Research limitations/implicationsThis study confirms the need to develop an organizational and holistic approach to corporate governance practices by analyzing internal and external governance mechanisms. From the managerial perspective, managers should opt for a sustainable corporate governance model, as it is positively correlated with corporate social performance.Originality/valueThere is an urgent need to investigate sustainability issues and their potential association with firm internal mechanisms, particularly in the oil and gas industry. This paper can extend the current body of knowledge by pointing out a positive relationship between stakeholder engagement and firm social performance.
Efficiency of Tanzania's foreign exchange market
Authors: Epaphra Manamba , Kazungu Khatibu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper examines market efficiency in the foreign exchange market in Tanzania. A nonlinear Markov switching model was used to analyse the Tanzanian shilling against the US dollar spanning from 2 January 2009 to 30 April 2020. The estimation period was 2 January 2009–28 May 2019, and the post‐sample forecast period was 28 May 2019–30 April 2020. From the results of the two‐state Markov switching model, we define State 1, which is more volatile, as the inefficient state and State 2, which is less volatile, as the efficient one. In the unconditional probabilities from the Markov switching model, the exchange rate has a 94% probability in the inefficient state, which indicates that 94% of all speculators fully extract information when predicting future exchange rates, while 30% of all investors do not; suggesting that the foreign exchange market undergoes conditions of efficiency and inefficiency. In addition, findings showed that the exchange rate is expected to spend approximately 18 days in regime 1 and 8 days in regime 2. The policy implication of these findings is that foreign exchange market participants should pay attention to regimes and underlying market conditions when designing and applying their investment strategies.
Décomposition des sources d'inégalité d'accès à la santé de l'enfant: Une analyse comparative de quelques pays d'Afrique Subsaharienne
Authors: Bathily M. Boubacar , Sene Omar 
Published: May 2021

RésuméLes inégalités d'accès à la santé constituent une préoccupation majeure des pouvoirs publics dans les pays en voie de développement. Dans ce document, nous cherchons à comprendre les sources de ces inégalités en utilisant une base de données d'enquête du DHS de 12 pays d'Afrique Sub‐Saharienne (Bénin, Ethiopie, Ghana, Kenya, Libéria, Mali, Guinée, Nigéria, Sierra‐Léone, Sénégal, Togo et Zambie). Après avoir mesuré leur degré d'inégalité à travers l'indice de concentration, nous avons employé une méthode récemment proposée par Wagstaff et al. (2003) pour décomposer cette inégalité en part "expliquée" par la contribution de ses facteurs déterminants et en composante résiduelle (ou effet "richesse" pur ou part "inexpliquée"). Les résultats ont montré que les facteurs déterminants contribuent à l'inégalité à des parts qui varient de 11 à 89%, selon les pays. Les variables qui contribuent le plus à l'inégalité "expliquée" sont l'éducation et les différences de milieux (urbain/rural) avec des parts respectives de 38,5 et 56%. Autrement dit, si la richesse avait été distribuée de manière égale, les inégalités en matière de santé resteraient en grande partie à cause des inégalités liées d'éducation et de milieux urbains et ruraux.
Identifying and quantifying general practice‐type emergency department presentations
Authors: Duwalage Kalpani I , Burkett Ellen , White Gentry , Wong Andy , Thompson Mery H 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis research aims to (i) identify general practice‐type (GP‐type) presentations to EDs in South‐East Queensland, Australia and (ii) compare and quantify the clinical, socio‐demographic and time‐varying characteristics between GP‐type and non‐GP‐type presentations.MethodsData were collected from presentations to four EDs in Queensland from 2009 to 2014. A modified version of the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM) method for identifying GP‐type ED presentations was used.ResultsThe four EDs have different proportions of GP‐type presentations, between 7% and 33%. Between 2009 and 2014, the amount of GP‐type presentations increased in three EDs, by between 5% and 16%, and decreased by 30% in the other ED. Different holidays, for example, the public holidays over the Christmas to New Year period, impact GP‐type presentations. Over 50% of GP‐type presentations occurred in those aged 0–34 years, and <1% were aged 85+ years. Injury‐related diagnoses made up around 37% of the GP‐type presentations, and around 13% did not wait for a diagnosis, averaged over the EDs. GP‐type presentations are more likely to present to EDs outside standard general practitioner hours.ConclusionsExisting methods for identifying GP‐type presentations have drawbacks, and modified methods are required to better identify these types of presentations. Temporal effects not previously investigated in Australian studies, such as holidays, are significantly associated with GP‐type presentations. These findings aid strategic planning and interventions to support review of GP‐type presentations, instead, in primary‐care facilities, and such interventions may be assistive in some EDs more than others.
How symbolic human resource function actions affect the implementation of high‐performance work practices: The mediating effect of influence on strategic decision‐making
Authors: Hermans Michel , Ulrich Michael D. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTDespite growing evidence of human resource management (HRM)‐performance linkages, the department entrusted to implement high‐performance work practices (HPWP), the human resource (HR) function, is perceived to lack organisational power. Drawing on political perspectives on organisational behaviour, we argue that the HR function can increase its influence on strategic decision‐making in the organisation by developing symbolic HR function actions such as interacting effectively with directors, involving line managers in HRM, outsourcing and using HR metrics. Next, we explore how HR function influence is associated with implementation of HPWP. Finally, we test whether the mediation mechanism is moderated by industry type within a global sample of 11,780 raters at 409 business units. The findings of this study have important implications for HR professionals who seek to implement HPWP in their organisations. It provides insight into how HR functions can develop and use influence towards increasing line managers' willingness to implement such practices.