bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skeletal muscle methylome and transcriptome integration reveals profound sex differences related to muscle function and substrate metabolism
Authors: Landen Shanie , Jacques Macsue , Hiam Danielle , Alvarez-Romero Javier , Harvey Nicholas R. , Haupt Larisa M. , Griffiths Lyn R. , Ashton Kevin J. , Lamon Séverine , Voisin Sarah , Eynon Nir 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNearly all human complex traits and diseases exhibit some degree of sex differences, with epigenetics being one of the main contributing factors. Various tissues display sex differences in DNA methylation; however, this has not yet been explored in skeletal muscle, despite skeletal muscle being among the tissues with the most transcriptomic sex differences. For the first time, we investigated the effect of sex on autosomal DNA methylation in human skeletal muscle across three independent cohorts (Gene SMART, FUSION, and GSE38291) using a meta-analysis approach, totalling 369 human muscle samples (222 males and 147 females), and integrated this with known sex-biased transcriptomics. We found 10,240 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) at FDR < 0.005, 94% of which were hypomethylated in males, and gene set enrichment analysis revealed that differentially methylated genes were involved in muscle contraction and substrate metabolism. We then investigated biological factors underlying DNA methylation sex differences and found that circulating hormones were not associated with differential methylation at sex-biased DNA methylation loci; however, these sex-specific loci were enriched for binding sites of hormone-related transcription factors (with top TFs including androgen (AR), estrogen (ESR1), and glucocorticoid (NR3C1) receptors). Fibre type proportions were associated with differential methylation across the genome, as well as across 16% of sex-biased DNA methylation loci (FDR < 0.005). Integration of DNA methylomic results with transcriptomic data from the GTEx database and the FUSION cohort revealed 326 autosomal genes that display sex differences at both the epigenome and transcriptome levels. Importantly, transcriptional sex-biased genes were overrepresented among epigenetic sex-biased genes (pvalue = 4.6e−13), suggesting differential DNA methylation and gene expression between male and female muscle are functionally linked. Finally, we validated expression of three genes with large effect sizes (FOXO3A,ALDH1A1, andGGT7) in the Gene SMART cohort with qPCR.GGT7, involved in antioxidant metabolism, displays male-biased expression as well as lower methylation in males across the three cohorts. In conclusion, we uncovered 8420 genes that exhibit DNA methylation differences between males and females in human skeletal muscle that may modulate mechanisms controlling muscle metabolism and health.
Challenges of reverse migration in India: a comparative study of internal and international migrant workers in the post-COVID economy
Authors: Khan Asma , Arokkiaraj H. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn India, the major drivers of both internal and international migration are the prevailing unemployment, competitive labour market and enhanced livelihood prospects in the destination state or country. However, the nationwide lockdown and the sealing of inter-state and international borders to control the COVID-19 pandemic triggered the reverse migration of informal migrant workers. This requires the central and state governments to collectively forge strategies to enable their reverse migration and smooth reintegration in the post-COVID economy. In this paper, we have focused on the inter-state migrants in India and returnee migrants only from Gulf countries as they account for two-thirds of Indian migrants living abroad. This study conducted a comparative analysis of the Indian government’s varied approach towards its internal and international migrants during their reverse migration, repatriation and reintegration after the announcement of the lockdown. Firstly, the paper compares the challenges faced by internal and international migrant workers during these stages with the help of in-depth interview data collected from migrants and social workers. Secondly, the varied governmental responses towards their repatriation are discussed. Thirdly, it analyses the obstacles in their economic reintegration to help frame suitable welfare policies for the Indian migrant community.
Intact survival from severe cardiogenic shock caused by the first attack of atrial tachycardia treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and surgical left atrium appendage resection: a case report
Authors: Shimizu Tatsuhiko , Kanazawa Tomoyuki , Sakura Takanobu , Shimizu Kazuyoshi , Iwasaki Tatsuo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Atrial tachycardia (AT) is rare in children and can usually be reversed to sinus rhythm with pharmacotherapy and cardioversion. We report a rare case of severe left-sided heart failure due to refractory AT.

Case presentation
A 12-year-old boy had AT with a heart rate of 180 beats/minute, which was refractory to any medication and defibrillation despite the first attack. Due to rapid cardiorespiratory collapse shortly after arriving at our hospital, central extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) with left arterial venting was started immediately. Although AT persisted after that, it stopped on the 3rd day after admission following surgical resection of the left atrial appendage thought to be the source of AT. He was weaned off ECMO on the 7th day and ventilator on the 14th day.

Conclusions
The appropriate timing of central ECMO and surgical ablation were effective in saving this child from a life-threatening situation caused by refractory AT.
The PyPIF5-PymiR156a-PySPL9-PyMYB114/MYB10 module regulates light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in red pear
Authors: Liu Hainan , Shu Qun , Lin-Wang Kui , Allan Andrew C. , Espley Richard V. , Su Jun , Pei Maosong , Wu Jun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSome cultivars of pear (Pyrus L.) show attractive red fruit skin due to anthocyanin accumulation. This pigmentation can be affected by environmental conditions, especially light. To explore the light-induced regulation network for anthocyanin biosynthesis and fruit coloration in pear, small RNA libraries and mRNA libraries from fruit skins of ‘Yunhongyihao’ pear were constructed to compare the difference between bagging and debagging treatments. Analysis of RNA-seq of fruit skins with limited light (bagged) and exposed to light (debagged), showed that PyPIF5 was down-regulated after bag removal. PymiR156a was also differentially expressed between bagged and debagged fruit skins. We found that PyPIF5 negatively regulated PymiR156a expression in bagged fruits by directly binding to the G-box motif in its promoter. In addition, PymiR156a overexpression promoted anthocyanin accumulation in both pear skin and apple calli. We confirmed that PymiR156a mediated the cleavage of PySPL9, and that the target PySPL9 protein could form heterodimers with two key anthocyanin regulators (PyMYB114/PyMYB10). We proposed a new module of PyPIF5-PymiR156a-PySPL9-PyMYB114/MYB10. When the bagged fruits were re-exposed to light, PyPIF5 was down-regulated and its inhibitory effect on PymiR156a was weakened, which leads to degradation of the target PySPL, thus eliminating the blocking effect of PySPL on the formation of the regulatory MYB complexes. Ultimately, this promotes anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear skin.
Proportion and predictors of remission and recovery in first-episode psychosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Catalan Ana , Richter Anja , Salazar de Pablo Gonzalo , Vaquerizo-Serrano Julio , Mancebo Gonzalo , Pedruzo Borja , Aymerich Claudia , Solmi Marco , González-Torres Miguel Á. , Gil Patxi , McGuire Philip , Fusar-Poli Paolo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
To determine the proportion of patients in symptomatic remission and recovery following a first-episode of psychosis (FEP).

Methods
A multistep literature search using the Web of Science database, Cochrane Central Register of Reviews, Ovid/PsychINFO, and trial registries from database inception to November 5, 2020, was performed. Cohort studies and randomized control trials (RCT) investigating the proportion of remission and recovery following a FEP were included. Two independent researchers searched, following PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines and using a PROSPERO protocol. We performed meta-analyses regarding the proportion of remission/recovery (symptomatic plus functional outcomes). Heterogeneity was measured employing Q statistics and I2 test. To identify potential predictors, meta-regression analyses were conducted, as well as qualitative reporting of studies included in a systematic review. Sensitivity analyses were performed regarding different times of follow-up and type of studies.

Results
One hundred articles (82 cohorts and 18 RCTs) were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled proportion of symptomatic remission was 54% (95%CI [30, 49–58]) over a mean follow-up period of 43.57 months (SD = 51.82) in 76 studies. After excluding RCT from the sample, the proportion of remission remained similar (55%). The pooled proportion of recovery was 32% (95%CI [27–36]) over a mean follow-up period of 71.85 months (SD = 73.54) in 40 studies. After excluding RCT from the sample, the recovery proportion remained the same. No significant effect of any sociodemographic or clinical predictor was found.

Conclusions
Half of the patients are in symptomatic remission around 4 years after the FEP, while about a third show recovery after 5.5 years.
Post-translational Modifications: The Signals at the Intersection of Exercise, Glucose Uptake, and Insulin Sensitivity
Authors: Stocks Ben , Zierath Juleen R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Diabetes is a global epidemic, of which type 2 diabetes makes up the majority of cases. Nonetheless, for some individuals, type 2 diabetes is eminently preventable and treatable via lifestyle interventions. Glucose uptake into skeletal muscle increases during and in recovery from exercise, with exercise effective at controlling glucose homeostasis in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, acute and chronic exercise sensitizes skeletal muscle to insulin. A complex network of signals converge and interact to regulate glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in response to exercise. Numerous forms of post-translational modifications (eg, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, ribosylation, and more) are regulated by exercise. Here we review the current state of the art of the role of post-translational modifications in transducing exercise-induced signals to modulate glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity within skeletal muscle. Furthermore, we consider emerging evidence for noncanonical signaling in the control of glucose homeostasis and the potential for regulation by exercise. While exercise is clearly an effective intervention to reduce glycemia and improve insulin sensitivity, the insulin- and exercise-sensitive signaling networks orchestrating this biology are not fully clarified. Elucidation of the complex proteome-wide interactions between post-translational modifications and the associated functional implications will identify mechanisms by which exercise regulates glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. In doing so, this knowledge should illuminate novel therapeutic targets to enhance insulin sensitivity for the clinical management of type 2 diabetes.
The Less Selfish Gene
Authors: Nixon Rob 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Why have millions of readers and viewers become magnetized by the hitherto arcane field of plant communication? The article argues that the contemporary appeal of plant communication is rooted in a quest for alternative modes of being to neoliberalism, modes more accommodating of the coexistence of cooperation and competition in human and more-than-human communities. This ascendant understanding of plant communication and forest dynamics offers a counternarrative of flourishing, a model of what George Monbiot has called, in another context, “private sufficiency and public wealth.”
α-Actinin-4 drives invasiveness by regulating myosin IIB expression and myosin IIA localization
Authors: Barai Amlan , Mukherjee Abhishek , Das Alakesh , Saxena Neha , Sen Shamik 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
The mechanisms by which the mechanoresponsive actin crosslinking protein α-actinin-4 (ACTN4) regulates cell motility and invasiveness remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that, in addition to regulating protrusion dynamics and focal adhesion formation, ACTN4 transcriptionally regulates expression of non-muscle myosin IIB (NMM IIB; heavy chain encoded by MYH10), which is essential for mediating nuclear translocation during 3D invasion. We further show that an indirect association between ACTN4 and NMM IIA (heavy chain encoded by MYH9) mediated by a functional F-actin cytoskeleton is essential for retention of NMM IIA at the cell periphery and modulation of focal adhesion dynamics. A protrusion-dependent model of confined migration recapitulating experimental observations predicts a dependence of protrusion forces on the degree of confinement and on the ratio of nucleus to matrix stiffness. Together, our results suggest that ACTN4 is a master regulator of cancer invasion that regulates invasiveness by controlling NMM IIB expression and NMM IIA localization. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Patient reported outcome measures in childbirth and postpartum maternal quality of life: a protocol for systematic review of measurement properties.
Authors: O'Byrne Laura J. , Maher Gillian , Khashan Ali S. , Greene Richard , Browne John , McCarthy Fergus P. 
Published: November 2021

Background: Patient centred healthcare is the corner stone to many healthcare strategies. Patient specific health needs should be at the fore of healthcare improvements and quality measurements. Patient reported outcome measures (PROM) that support real world clinical effectiveness assessments are increasingly being used to highlight domains where there is the greatest scope for change. Objectives: This systematic review aims to identify and evaluate existing patient reported assessment measures/tool(s) that can be used in developing a PROM for postpartum women. We will assess and evaluate their measurement properties in a transparent and structured way in accordance with the COSMIN guidelines. Methods: Methodological guidelines for systematic reviews of PROMs have been developed by the COSMIN initiative and will be followed for this systematic review. A systematic literature review will be performed using PubMed and EMBASE from inception to the present day. Two reviewers independently will judge eligibility, conduct data extraction and assess the methodological quality of each study as per COSMIN guidelines. Inclusion criteria: studies should concern PROM with an aim to evaluate measurement properties in the development or the evaluation of a PROM of interest. Included PROMS will focus upon postpartum women assessing morbidity and quality of care. All peer reviewed studies with an assessment tool designed for patient completion will be considered. Exclusion criteria; abstract, letters and non-peer reviewed publications. Studies will be graded on measurement properties and quality of evidence as laid out by COSMIN. All studies and characteristics eligible for inclusion will be summarised and a recommendation to the most suitable measurement tool(s) will be given. Discussion: We will provide a comprehensive description of all available patient reported assessment tools available for childbirth and postpartum quality of life and recommend based on COSMIN guidelines the most suitable instrument(s) available for use.
Learning in lockdown: exploring the impact of COVID-19 on interprofessional education
Authors: Power Alison , Palapal Sy Michael , Hutchings Maggie , Coleman Tracy , El-Awaisi Alla , Kitema Gatera Fiston , Gallagher Jean , Herath Chulani , McLarnon Nichola , Nagraj Shobhana , O'Carroll Veronica , Owens Melissa , Park Vikki , Pope Emma , Wetzlmair Lisa-Christin , Greaves P Jane , Anderson Elizabeth S 
Published: November 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the learning experiences of students undertaking health and social care programmes across the globe. In the UK, the Nursing and Midwifery Council introduced emergency standards for undergraduate programmes in 2020, making significant short-term changes to programme delivery. However, the mandate for all students to undertake interprofessional education remained. Interprofessional education is key to preparing students on health and social care programmes, as it enables students to work as effective members of multi-agency/multi-professional teams on qualification. It is an important element of training, as it has a direct impact on quality of care and service user experience.This series of articles will explore the experiences of ‘lockdown learning’ from the perspective of academics, students and service users from a global perspective in relation to the delivery of interprofessional education during the pandemic, which necessitated a wholesale move from face-to-face, blended and online learning to include emergency remote teaching. The series was written by members of the Centre for the Advancement of Interprofessional Education Research Subgroup (Interprofessional Education Experiences) and aims to identify barriers and facilitators to successful shared learning and provide suggestions for how lessons learned can be taken forward to further enhance this important element of pre-registration education. The perceptions and attitudes of academics and students on such comprehensive changes are a unique and rich data source to explore and inform future provision.
Cooperation Between Learning Venues and its Limits: The Hotel Industry in Cancún (Mexico)
Authors: Vogelsang Beke , Röhrer Natascha , Fuchs Martina , Pilz Matthias 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Recently, high-quality vocational education and training has attracted much attention in Mexico. In this context, more practically applied skills are taught “on a dual basis”, combining classroom-based training with practical, on the job, training within the company. Dual practices are expected to modernize the skills formation system, and simultaneously support companies, while ensuring provision of skilled workers. For this reason, the vocational training system has been reformed in recent years. Hence, it is necessary that schools and universities, as well as companies, closely interact and coordinate their activities. It is also important that there is successful cooperation between vocational training organizations and companies, to contribute to the modernization of vocational training. The aim of this paper is to examine the cooperation between learning venues of vocational education in the hotel industry in Cancún (Quintana Roo, Mexico), one of the most important tourism destinations in Latin America. Research in vocational education and training, reveals a particular focus on the principles that are necessary for successful cooperation between learning venues. This study examines whether the setting of common goals, communication between companies and training organizations and governance are equally important.
Methods: In an exploratory approach, based on a qualitative framework, ten face-to-face expert interviews were conducted in Cancún. The interviews were then fully transcribed and evaluated using qualitative methods. The survey is complemented by further document analysis.
Findings: The results show that for successful cooperation between learning venues, the coordination of a common goal (to secure the availability of skilled workers) between different actors, and communication between companies and vocational training organizations, are particularly important for successful cooperation. Furthermore, it seems that companies are taking on a more dominant role, so that vocational training organizations must be more in line with the wishes of the hotels. The results indicate that partnership-based action is not very obvious. Accordingly, the aspect of governance plays a subordinate role.
Conclusion: The study shows that cooperation between learning venues in other regions and industries, requires certain principles to be successful. In this respect, the duration of the relationship as well as the specificity of a region or sector can influence the required principles. Therefore, the cooperation partners should agree on the principles in advance.
El profesional del Derecho en la formación del intérprete. Una experiencia didáctica
Authors: Sanz-Moreno Raquel 
Published: November 2021

Este artículo presenta los resultados de una experiencia didáctica en el aula de interpretación en los servicios públicos que contó con la colaboración de dos expertos en Derecho Civil y Mercantil, por una parte, y Derecho de Extranjería por otra. Los alumnos del cuatro curso del Grado de Traducción y Mediación Interlingüística de francés de la Universitat de València participaron en varias sesiones de cuatro horas de interpretación de enlace con especialistas en la materia, que accedieron a colaborar en ejercicios de simulación en los que se planteaban distintos casos prácticos. Los alumnos participaron activamente adoptando el papel de intérpretes o de usuarios del servicio, y posteriormente contestaron a cuestionarios sobre las sesiones y los aspectos sobre deontología profesional que se habían abordado. La evaluación de las citadas encuestas demuestra que la interacción con el profesional cambió radicalmente la perspectiva del alumnado respecto a su consideración de la interpretación judicial: los alumnos acabaron otorgando más importancia a los factores extratextuales (sobre todo culturales) de la situación comunicativa, perdieron el miedo a hacer el ridículo o a hablar en público, desarrollaron estrategias de colaboración con el profesional y lo integraron como un elemento fundamental en la interpretación entendida como un trabajo en equipo. La socialización con el experto se presenta, pues, como una herramienta a explorar en el aula de interpretación.
Modeling the differences in the time-series profiles of new COVID-19 daily confirmed cases in 3,108 contiguous U.S. counties: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Megahed Fadel M. , Jones-Farmer L. Allison , Zhao Longwen , Rigdon Steven E. 
Published: November 2021

Objective
The COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S. has exhibited a distinct multiwave pattern beginning in March 2020. Paradoxically, most counties do not exhibit this same multiwave pattern. We aim to answer three research questions: (1) How many distinct clusters of counties exhibit similar COVID-19 patterns in the time-series of daily confirmed cases? (2) What is the geographic distribution of the counties within each cluster? and (3) Are county-level demographic, socioeconomic and political variables associated with the COVID-19 case patterns?

Materials and methods
We analyzed data from counties in the U.S. from March 1, 2020 to January 2, 2021. Time series clustering identified clusters in the daily confirmed cases of COVID-19. An explanatory model was used to identify demographic, socioeconomic and political variables associated with the outbreak patterns.

Results
Three patterns were identified from the cluster solution including counties in which cases are still increasing, those that peaked in the late fall, and those with low case counts to date. Several county-level demographic, socioeconomic, and political variables showed significant associations with the identified clusters.

Discussion
The pattern of the outbreak is related both to the geographic location within the U.S. and several variables including population density and government response.

Conclusion
The reported pattern of cases in the U.S. is observed through aggregation of the daily confirmed COVID-19 cases, suggesting that local trends may be more informative. The pattern of the outbreak varies by county, and is associated with important demographic, socioeconomic, political and geographic factors.