bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rethinking remdesivir for COVID-19: A Bayesian reanalysis of trial findings
Authors: Hoek Joyce M. , Field Sarahanne M. , de Vries Ymkje Anna , Linde Maximilian , Pittelkow Merle-Marie , Muradchanian Jasmine , van Ravenzwaaij Don 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundFollowing testing in clinical trials, the use of remdesivir for treatment of COVID-19 has been authorized for use in parts of the world, including the USA and Europe. Early authorizations were largely based on results from two clinical trials. A third study published by Wang et al. was underpowered and deemed inconclusive. Although regulators have shown an interest in interpreting the Wang et al. study, under a frequentist framework it is difficult to determine if the non-significant finding was caused by a lack of power or by the absence of an effect. Bayesian hypothesis testing does allow for quantification of evidence in favor of the absence of an effect.FindingsResults of our Bayesian reanalysis of the three trials show ambiguous evidence for the primary outcome of clinical improvement and moderate evidence against the secondary outcome of decreased mortality rate. Additional analyses of three studies published after initial marketing approval support these findings.ConclusionsWe recommend that regulatory bodies take all available evidence into account for endorsement decisions. A Bayesian approach can be beneficial, in particular in case of statistically non-significant results. This is especially pressing when limited clinical efficacy data is available.
The Role of the Title in the Characterization of the Hero in G.I. Gazdanov’s Story "Black Swans"
Authors: Kukhtenkova Anastasia 
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the role of the heading as a symbol in the characterization of the hero of the story by Gazdanov «Black Swans". The author of the article describes the actualization of the heading and the character's characteristics by taking into account the artistic psychologism. The frequency of repetition of the heading close to the end of the text is one of the individual style features of the writer's linguopoetics ("The Flight", "The Bombay", "The Iron Lord", etc.). There is a comparison between the vocabulary and text fields of the heading associative stimulus presented in the article. The psychological autobiography of the story hero is depicted by the textual interaction of the components of the heading. The black color corresponds to the refugee implication, suicide and uniqueness of the main character. The image of swans denotes Pavlov's longing for freedom, for the search of illusions as an attempt to get rid of courageous loneliness, as well as his desire to unravel the existential mystery. The use of the syntactic lexeme "black swans" denotes the intertextual key message of the works by Gazdanov - that is "the inner journey", which is associated with the confessional narrative and the self-analysis of the hero-narrator
Comparative impact analysis of risk factors on the course and outcomes of pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Grigoryan O. R. , Mikheev R. K. , Kurinova A. N. , Chernova M. O. , Sazonova D. V. , Akhmatova R. R. , Ibragimova L. I. , Absatarova Yu. S. , Sheremetyeva E. V. , Degtyareva E. I. , Andreeva E. N. 
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: The increasing prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the high probability of unfavorable pregnancy outcomes for the mother and the fetus, as well as a number of long-term consequences in GDM are a serious medical and social problem and require the need for its prevention by correcting risk factors, timely diagnosis and effective treatment.AIM: Analysis of risk factors for the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the relationship between GDM, the course and outcomes of pregnancy.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 79 case histories of patients with confirmed GDM in the period from 2015 to 2017.RESULTS: In the structure of risk factors for mother and fetus, age over 30 years (73.1%), burdened heredity for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (30.8%), mother’s pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) (overweight / obesity (26.9%)) had the greatest impact. Among the complications of pregnancy, the most common was the caesarean section (47.4%). The incidence of other complications (macrosomia (9%), premature birth (7.7%), congenital malformations of the fetus (5.1%), preeclampsia (5.1%) was lower than the average frequency of these complications in GDM, described in the literature. Nevertheless, it is 1.5–2 times higher than the average population indicators. In the course of statistical analysis of the data it was revealed, that the higher the mother’s pre-pregnancy BMI, the lower the Apgar score for the first minute in the newborn.CONCLUSION: Women with GDM require intensive monitoring of the course of pregnancy and timely hospitalization for planned delivery, and the provision of competent obstetric benefits.
Exploring lexical bundles in low proficiency level L2 learners’ English writing: an ETS corpus study
Authors: Li Mo , Zhang Xiaotian , Reynolds Barry Lee 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe use of formulaic language in written discourse is an important indicator of language competence. Nonetheless, the features of lexical bundles used by lower proficiency English as a Foreign Language learners have received little attention. The present study addressed this gap by employing a corpus-based method to investigate the quantity, function, and quality of four-word lexical bundles produced by low proficiency L2 English writers with 11 different L1 backgrounds in response to a timed English writing assessment. The investigation was specifically anchored on the data extracted from 1,330 essays using Wordsmith 7.0. Results of the investigation showed (1) an over dependence on writing topic related bundles; (2) an Indo-European L1 language background positively influencing lexical bundle production; (3) an overuse of stance expressions and discourse organizers at the expense of referential expression usage; (4) L1 Japanese, Korean, and Telugu writers producing more accurate lexical bundles and L1 German writers producing fewer accurate lexical bundles; and (5) the frequent use of lexical bundles not leading to highly accurate and appropriate use of lexical bundles. The implications of these results were discussed in connection with foreign language education.
Effect of high pressure processing (HPP) on spore preparation of probiotic Bacillus coagulans LBSC [DSM 17654]
Authors: Bagkar Pratik , Gupta Anil Kumar , Maity Chiranjit 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
High pressure processing (HPP) has become a mainstream technology for modern age food processing. HPP conditions are detrimental to inherent microbial flora, including food pathogens. A probiotic intended for supplementation in a high-pressured processed food should therefore be stable to processing and subsequent storage conditions. The present study reports the viability of Bacillus coagulans LBSC [DSM 17654] spores at high hydrostatic pressures (HHP, 450 and 550 MPa) processing. B. coagulans LBSC spores were viable under both pressure condition at pH 2.60, 5.00, 7.00, and 8.25. Similar HPP conditions completely inactivated a reference strain Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. The HPP treated B. coagulans LBSC spore preparation showed no reduction in the viability on room temperature storage for a duration of six months. Results demonstrated the resilience of probiotic B. coagulans LBSC spores under HPP treatment, suggesting its potential incorporation in a range of functional foods and beverages.
Glossing and incidental vocabulary learning in L2 reading: a cognitive load perspective
Authors: Ünal Burcu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Considering the relationship between reading and incidental vocabulary learning, in this study the effects of electronic glosses as well as working memory (WM) capacity on readers’ intake of new words were investigated. One hundred twenty users of English read an electronic text annotated with either lexical or topic-level glosses placed in either a pop-up window or a separate window. Upon reading, they took immediate and delayed form recognition and meaning recall tests as well as a subjective rating of cognitive load (CL). The results showed that lexical annotations led to a better performance on the unannounced immediate meaning recall test. In the pop-up window condition, high capacity readers were able to supply more definitions for the target words than low capacity readers on the delayed post-test. While no effects of WM, gloss type, or gloss location emerged for the reported CL, pop-up window annotations were the most frequently accessed ones.
Normal reference value of orthodromic and antidromic sensory nerve conduction velocity of median nerve with intact palmaris longus tendon in apparently healthy individuals
Authors: Chouhan Sunil , Singh Ruchi , Shrisvastava Ragini , Gupta Akriti , Naveen Ravi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine normative electrophysiological reference values of median sensory nerve conduction studies among security guards with the palmaris longus tendon (PLT).MethodsSensory nerve conduction studies of the median nerve using antidromic and orthodromic methods were conducted in the upper limbs of 101 healthy male security guards between the ages of 21 and 42 years. The presence of the PLT was recorded in both hands using a standard test. A scatter plot was used to determine the correlation between different parameters using the ortho and antidromic methods.ResultsThe mean age (years), weight (kg), height (cm), and BMI (kg/m2) were 28.77 ± 5.14, 70.53 ± 11.28, 171.71 ± 7.12, and 23.91 ± 3.45, respectively. In the median nerve (sensory) by antidromic method, the mean distal latency (DL) was 2.65 ± 0.33 ms and 2.64 ± 0.37, SNCV (sensory nerve conduction velocity) was 53.45 ± 5.28 m/s and 53.84 ± 5.68 and the amplitude was 27.33 ± 12.38 µV and 29.41 ± 12.97 in the left- and right-hand wrist, respectively. By orthodromic method the DL was 2.54 ± 0.53 ms and 2.51 ± 0.44, SNCV was 55.93 ± 6.09 m/s and 55.93 ± 5.24 and the sensory nerve action potential amplitude was 12.00 ± 8.82 µV and 11.72 ± 6.24 in the left and right hand, respectively. Spearman correlations were used to determine the variables influenced by hand sidedness.ConclusionsThe normative reference parameters of sensory nerve conduction velocity of the median nerve were established by both methods using a standardized technique.
Construction of the transitivity system of Myanmar
Authors: Win Lai Yee 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A number of studies on transitivity systems of languages have been conducted in the field of Systemic Functional Linguistics. Different linguists have described the transitivity systems of English, French, German, Japanese, Tagalog, Chinese, Vietnamese, Telugu, and Pitjantjatjara, adopting an upward approach which is not effective enough for discourse analysis. So far, there has been no description of the transitivity system of Myanmar in literature. The purpose of this paper is to put forward a clear description of the transitivity system of Myanmar that functions as one of the clause analysis methods from the experiential perspective. To construct a workable transitivity system of Myanmar, the present study follows He’s (forthcoming) (He, Wei. forthcoming. Categorization of experience of the world and construction of transitivity system of Chinese) new description of the Chinese transitivity system containing 32 types of processes that represent our experience of the world. Unlike previous studies, He (forthcoming) proposes autonomous and influential processes of action, mental, and relational clauses with no description of ergativity hypothesized by Halliday (1985) (Halliday, Michael Alexander Kirkwood. 1985. An introduction to functional grammar. London: Arnold) and Matthiessen (1995) (Matthiessen, C. M. I. M. 1995. Lexicogrammatical cartography: English systems. Tokyo: International Language Sciences Publishers). This new model is more comprehensive and effective than previous ones because it adopts a downward approach which can smoothly be applied to discourse analysis. In this paper, the transitivity analysis of Myanmar clauses is performed in accordance with the theories put forward by He (forthcoming) and the semantic configurations of 32 processes in Myanmar transitivity system are illustrated with authentic examples. Findings show that the proposed transitivity system of Myanmar can analyze clauses effectively and it is compatible with the discourse analysis of Myanmar. These findings will make an important contribution to further study of the systemic functional grammar of Myanmar.
Taking It a Step Further: When do Followers Adopt Influencers’ Own Brands?
Authors: Magrizos Solon , Lamprinakos Grigorios , Fang Yanling , Drossos Dimitrios 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the factors affecting consumers’ purchase intention toward influencers’ personal owned brands. By using the theoretical lens of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) we explore consumers’ purchase intentions towards influencers own brands and discuss the importance of previously held attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control. We further develop TPB by adding two further constructs, that of price and self-identity. The reported moderator role of self-identity in the relationship between price and purchase intention under the context of influencers’ personal owned brands suggests that the ‘fan’ status of followers makes them more tolerant to price increases. We discuss theoretical implications and offer suggestions for marketers and consumers alike.
The preimaginal stages and bionomics of Scythris sinensis (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875) (Lepidoptera, Scythrididae), a Borer in Chenopodium album L. (Chenopodiaceae)
Authors: Takács Attila , Szabóky Csaba , Tóth Balázs 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe bionomics and distribution of Scythris sinensis (Felder and Rogenhofer, 1875) were studied in Hungary from 2004 to 2018. The host plant was found to be Chenopodium album L. The larva feeds on the leaves in a loose web. The length of the larval stage varies from 12 to 15 days, that of the pupal stage from 7 to 10 days of the summer generation. The species is generally bivoltine in Hungary, but in the southern, warmer areas a third partial generation may occur. Adults of the second and third generations have characteristic yellow patches on the forewing. The species overwinters as pupa in a white cocoon near the host plant. The immature stages and the adult are illustrated and a map of the Hungarian records is given with two Figures.
Influence of antiferroelectric-like behavior on tuning properties of ferroelectric HZO-based varactors
Authors: Abdulazhanov Sukhrob , Lederer Maximilian , Lehninger David , Ali Tarek , Emara Jennifer , Olivo Ricardo , Kämpfe Thomas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this article, we investigate the capacitance–voltage (C–V) characteristics of $$\text {Hf}_{x}\text {Zr}_{1-x}\text {O}_{2}$$

Hf
x

Zr

1
-
x

O
2

metal-ferroelectric-metal (MFM) thin-film capacitors with various Zr doping for varactor applications. The impact of field cycling during the wake-up process on the capacitance was analyzed. In addition, the effect of antiferroelectric-like (AFE) behavior on tuning was investigated. The transition between ferroelectric (FE) and AFE regime is particularly interesting for varactor application, as a reduced bias is required for tuning. The cycle dependence of the FE and AFE properties at elevated temperatures was also investigated, where it was shown that with an increase of temperature, the tunability is reduced. Temperature measurements also comply with recent studies of ferroelastic nature of AFE behavior.

Graphic abstract
Talk labour and doing ‘being neoliberal mother’
Authors: Ochs Elinor , Kremer-Sadlik Tamar 
Published: July 2021

This essay considers the gendered work of childrearing through Harvey Sacks’ (1992) concept of doing ‘being ordinary’. While doing ‘being ordinary’ under-girds social order, what constitutes ‘ordinary’ changes over time. Neoliberalism ushered in middle-class childrearing ideologies that encourage parents to share ever more intensive responsibilities; yet, mothers ordinarily continue to assume the lion’s portion. Central to the intensive parenting practices primarily carried out by mothers is what we call ‘talk labour’, wherein dialoguing with children as conversational partners, beginning in infancy, is constant. The ubiquity of talk makes ordinary for young children a communicative style of heightened reflexivity about their own and others’ actions, ideas and sentiments – skills conducive to becoming a successful actor in the knowledge economy. This essay ties intensification of child-directed talk, critical to ‘doing being neoliberal mother’, to social transformations in family life rooted in modernity and the Industrial Revolution.
PENGARUH MEDIA PENDINGIN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MEKANIK DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO PADA PELAT BAJA KARBON RENDAH
Authors: Wicaksono Iskandarsyah , Ismarwanti Sri , Setiawan Jan , Susetyo Ferry Budhi , Syamsuir Syamsuir 
Published: July 2021

PENGARUH MEDIA PENDINGIN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MEKANIK DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO PADA PELAT BAJA KARBON RENDAH. Bahan baja karbon rendah mempunyai keuletan yang tinggi dan mudah dibentuk, sehingga banyak digunakan dalam dunia industri dan konstruksi bangunan. Namun bahan ini mempunyai kekuatan mekanik dan kekerasan yang rendah sehingga mudah aus. Sifat mekanik dapat ditingkatkan dengan perlakukan panas yaitu dengan pemanasan pada temperatur tertentu dan ditahan beberapa waktu, kemudian dilakukan pendinginan. Media pendingin akan berpengaruh terhadap hasil peningkatan sifat mekanik. Oleh karena itu dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan pengamatan terhadap karakteristik mekanik dan struktur mikro baja karbon rendah setelah perlakuan panas dan pendinginan pada media pendingin yang bervariasi. Proses pemanasan dilakukan pada suhu 950 °C dengan waktu penahanan 15 menit. Kemudian sampel tersebut didinginkan dengan variasi pendingin (aquadest, minyak goreng, oli dan tungku pintu terbuka). Hasil pengamatan pada sampel pelat baja karbon rendah (0,0524%) menunjukkan bahwa sampel tanpa perlakuan panas mempunyai nilai tegangan tertinggi yaitu sebesar 375,75 MPa dan pendinginan pintu tungku terbuka mempunyai nilai tegangan terendah yaitu sebesar 200,53 MPa. Nilai regangan tertinggi terjadi pada pendinginan pintu terbuka sebesar 38,77% dan nilai regangan terendah yaitu sebesar 25,49% terjadi pada pendinginan minyak goreng. Pengamatan struktur mikro pada material sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan perlakuan panas menunjukkan adanya ferrit dan perlit.Kata kunci: Perlakuan panas, media pendingin, sifat mekanik, pelat baja karbon rendah.
KARAKTERISASI KANDUNGAN URANIUM DAN UNSUR JEJAK PELET SINTER UO2 UNTUK FORENSIK NUKLIR
Authors: Torowati Torowati , Ngatijo Ngatijo , Rahmiati Rahmiati , Mustika Deni , Yusnitha Erilia , Yulianto Tri , Setiawan Jan 
Published: July 2021

KARAKTERISASI KANDUNGAN URANIUM DAN UNSUR JEJAK PELET SINTER UO2 UNTUK FORENSIK NUKLIR. Forensik nuklir merupakan salah satu alat yang penting didalam keamanan nuklir terkait dengan penegakan hukum. Hal ini dikarenakan keberadaan bahan nuklir dan radioaktif memiliki potensi bahaya baik dari segi keselamatan, kesehatan hingga ancaman dalam keamanan nuklir. Didalam forensik nuklir, sidik jari adalah karakteristik bahan nuklir dan radioaktif untuk memberi informasi asal-usul suatu bahan nuklir sehingga diharapkan mempunyai data-data dari bahan nuklir dan radioaktif. Data-data diperoleh dari hasil karakterisasi berupa pengujian baik pengujian secara fisika ataupun kimia. Pengujian secara fisika seperti pengamatan visual, dimensi, fasa sedangkan secara kimia antara lain penentuan unsur bahan nuklir, penentuan konsentrasi unsur–unsur dalam bahan nuklir. Dalam makalah ini telah dilakukan pengujian kandungan uranium dan unsur jejak dalam bahan nuklir pelet uranium oksida (UO2) dengan tujuan untuk sidik jari dalam mendukung forensik nuklir yang ada di PTBBN, BATAN. Pengujian kandungan uranium dilakukan secara titrasi potensiometri sedangkan pengujian unsur jejak selain uranium dengan metode spektrofotometri serapan atom. Hasil rerata pengujian kandungan uranium dalam bahan nuklir dan radioaktif tersebut diperoleh antara 87% sampai 88% hal ini menginformasikan bahwa bahan tersebut adalah bahan nuklir UO2. Hasil pengujian kandungan unsur jejak selain uranium dalam pengujian ini berbeda pengayaan maka kandungan unsur jejaknya berbeda pula, sehingga dapat menginformasikan tentang tingkat pengayaan uranium yang dimiliki oleh pellet UO2 tersebut. Data-data tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai sidik jari dalam forensik nuklir sehingga dapat membantu penyidik dalam indentifikasi pada forensik nuklir apabila terjadi penyelewengan atau penyalahgunaan dari jenis bahan nuklir tersebut.Kata kunci: Uranium, pelet sinter, sidik jari, forensik nuklir.
Matemática aplicada y prácticas sociales: escenarios de debate alrededor del currículo de matemáticas
Authors: Flórez Rojano Iván Darío , Céspedes Guevara Nelly Yolanda , Zamora Coronado Hugo Edver 
Published: July 2021

En este artículo de reflexión se recogen algunos retos y tensiones actuales de la Educación Matemática, dentro de las cuales se incluyen: la pertinencia de los currículos en los diferentes ciclos educativos, las demandas de la sociedad hacia la escolarización de las matemáticas, los enfoques pedagógicos y didácticos para el área, y la formación de docentes para la educación matemática. Estos cuatro aspectos se interconectan y se debaten desde la problematización del currículo de Matemática, como resultado se destaca una permanencia de la tendencia a nivel Latinoamérica a desarrollar currículos centrados en los conocimientos, la ejercitación de procedimientos y el pensamiento algorítmico. Se discute como alternativa opuesta a esta corriente, una perspectiva centrada en los procesos matemáticos de la modelación y la resolución de problemas, desde un enfoque contextualizado coherente con las prácticas sociales y culturales. Esta mirada ofrece una contribución al ámbito académico, recapitulando nuevas conceptualizaciones, reformulaciones y propuestas metodológicas en el desarrollo del debate sobre la estructuración del currículo de matemáticas en los diferentes ciclos educativos.