bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applicability of colon capsule endoscopy as pan-endoscopy: From bowel preparation, transit, and rating times to completion rate and patient acceptance
Authors: Vuik Fanny E.R. , Moen Sarah , Nieuwenburg Stella A.V. , Schreuders Eline H. , Kuipers Ernst J. , Spaander Manon C.W. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) has the potential to explore the entire gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to assess the applicability of CCE as pan-endoscopy.
Patients and methods Healthy participants received CCE with bowel preparation (bisacodyl, polyethylene electrolyte glycol (PEG) + ascorbic acid) and booster regimen (metoclopramide, oral sulfate solution (OSS)). For each segment of the gastrointestinal tract, the following quality parameters were assessed: cleanliness, transit times, reading times, patient acceptance and safety of the procedure. When all gastrointestinal segments had cleansing score good or excellent, cleanliness of the whole gastrointestinal tract was assessed as good. Participants’ expected and perceived burden was assessed by questionnaires and participants were asked to grade the procedure (scale 0–10). All serious adverse events (SAEs) were documented.
Results A total of 451 CCE procedures were analyzed. A good cleansing score was achieved in the stomach in 69.6%, in the SB in 99.1 % and in the colon in 76.6 %. Cleanliness of the whole gastrointestinal tract was good in 52.8 % of the participants. CCE median transit time of the whole gastrointestinal tract was 583 minutes IQR 303–659). The capsule reached the descending colon in 94.7 %. Median reading time per procedure was 70 minutes (IQR 57–83). Participants graded the procedure with a 7.8. There were no procedure-related SAEs.
Conclusions CCE as pan-endoscopy has shown to be a safe procedure with good patient acceptance. When cleanliness of all gastrointestinal segments per patient, completion rate and reading time will be improved, CCE can be applied as a good non-invasive alternative to evaluate the gastrointestinal tract.
Gastric outlet obstruction with ascites: EUS-guided gastro-enterostomy is feasible
Authors: Basha Jahangeer , Lakhtakia Sundeep , Yarlagadda Raghavendra , Nabi Zaheer , Gupta Rajesh , Ramchandani Mohan , Chavan Radhika , Jagtap Nitin , Asif Shujaath , Rao Guduru Venkat , Reddy Nageshwar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastro-enterostomy(EUS-GE) is a recently described novel minimally invasive endoscopic procedure for patients having malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). The safety of EUS-GE in the presence of ascites with GOO is not known. The objective of the study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of EUS-GE in patients with GOO and ascites.
Patients and methods Consecutive patients with GOO who underwent EUS-GE between January 2019 and March 2021 constituted the study population. EUS-GE was performed using either EPASS or free-hand technique. The technical success, clinical success, adverse events, and survival times were evaluated. The outcomes were compared between patients with and without ascites.
Results A total of 31 patients with GOO underwent EUS-GE of whom 29 (93.5 %) had malignant and two (6.4 %) had benign etiologies. Ascites was observed in 12 out of 31 (38.7%) patients and all had underlying malignancy. Majority (27, 87 %) of the EUS-GE procedures were performed using EPASS technique, and 4 (13 %) underwent free-hand technique. Eleven of 12 patients with ascites and GOO underwent EUS GE using EPASS technique. The technical success (91.6 % vs. 89.4 %; P = 0.841), clinical success (83.3 % vs. 89.4 %; P = 0.619), mean procedure time (32 vs. 31.6 min; P = 0.968) and adverse events (0 % vs. 10.5 %; P = 0.245) were not significantly different between patients with or without ascites. However, the median survival time was significantly low in patients with ascites when compared to without ascites (36 vs. 290 days; P < 001).
Conclusions Ascites is a common occurrence in patients with malignant GOO. EUS GE is feasible in presence of ascites with EPASS technique.
Einfluss von psychosozialen Belastungsfaktoren auf das Längenwachstum
Authors: Gohlke Bettina C. , Bettendorf Markus , Binder Gerhard , Hauffa Berthold , Reinehr Thomas , Dörr Helmuth-Guenther , Wölfle Joachim 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Wachstum wird durch Hormone, genetische und exogene Faktoren beeinflusst.
Fragestellungen Welche Bedeutung haben Psyche, Lebensumstände oder maternaler Drogenkonsum in der Schwangerschaft für das Wachstum von Kindern?
Methoden Ergebnisse eines Arbeitstreffens pädiatrischer Endokrinologen mit aktueller Literaturrecherche.
Ergebnisse Psychosoziale Deprivation kann bei Kindern mit Kleinwuchs und einem Wachstums-hormon (WH)-Mangel einhergehen, der bei Änderung der Umgebung und unter psychosozialer Unterstützung reversibel ist. Krieg und Migration gehen häufig mit Untergewicht, Wachstumsstörung und schlechter Gesundheitsversorgung einher. Diese bessern sich nach Konfliktende, die Kinder bleiben dennoch häufig zu klein. Alkohol- oder Drogenkonsum von Schwangeren sind mit einem niedrigeren Geburtsgewicht und einem erhöhten Risiko für Früh- und „small for gestational age“ (SGA)-Geburtlichkeit assoziiert. Kinder mit Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-Hyperaktivitäts-Syndrom (ADHS) zeigten meist nach Beginn einer Stimulanzientherapie eine leichte Wachstumsverlangsamung, erreichen aber eine normale Endhöhe.
Schlussfolgerungen Bei Kindern mit idiopathischem Kleinwuchs sollte differenzialdiagnostisch die psychosoziale Genese in Betracht gezogen werden. Eine Stimulanzientherapie bei ADHS wirkt sich demgegenüber auf das Wachstum kaum aus.
Classification and Management of Failed Fixation of the Volar Marginal Fragment in Distal Radius Fractures
Authors: Orbay M. Carolina , Orbay Jorge L. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGreater understanding of specific fracture patterns following distal radius fractures has arisen with the advent of volar plating. The volar marginal fragment (VMF) is a small peripheral piece of bone which is critical to carpal stability. Failure to achieve good fixation of the VMF can result in volar subluxation of the carpus and distal radioulnar joint instability. Due to its small, distal nature, this fragment can be easily missed and difficult to fix. Loss of reduction of the VMF following operative fixation presents specific challenges and surgical considerations dictated by patient characteristics and timing. Our goal of this review is to present a classification system for these failed VMFs which can help guide surgical treatment as well as expected outcomes.
Arthroscopically Assisted Treatment of Volar Rim Fractures
Authors: Herzberg Guillaume , Burnier Marion , Ly Lyliane 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background Arthroscopically-assisted reduction and internal fixation (AARIF) for distal radius fractures (DRF) has been extensively described. Little information is available about AARIF in AO “B3” and “C” DRF with displaced lunate facet volar rim fragment (VRF) and volar carpal subluxation. However, lunate volar rim fragment (LVRF) may be very difficult to reduce and fix under arthroscopic control using the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) or FCR extended approaches while traction is applied.
Purposes The aims were to describe our surgical technique of AARIF of partial or complete DRF with VRF and provide information about how often this technique may be necessary, based on a large DRF database.
Methods The dual-window volar approach for complete articular AO C DRF with volar medial fragment was described in 2012 for performing open reduction internal fixation (ORIF). Since 2015, we have used the dual-window approach for AARIF of “B3” or “C” DRF with volar carpal subluxation. We analyzed our PAF database, searching for patients treated with AARIF in “B3” and “C” fractures.
Results The dual-window volar approach is very useful when using AARIF for AO “B3” and “C” DRF with displaced VRF and volar carpal subluxation. The anteromedial part of the exposure allows a direct access to reduction and fixation of the LVRF under traction and arthroscopic control. Overall, 1% of all articular DRF in this series showed a displaced LVRF amenable to the dual-window volar approach.
Conclusion It is almost impossible to access and properly fix a VRF using traction and arthroscopic control through the FCR or FCR extended FCR approach because of the stretched flexor tendon mass. The use of the dual-window approach during AARIF of AO “B3” or “C” DRF has not previously been reported. Displaced VRF are rare whether they were part of “B3” or “C” fractures. If AARIF is chosen, we strongly recommend the use of the dual-window volar approach for AO “B3” and “C” fractures with VRF. A single anteromedial approach can also be used for isolated “B3” anteromedial DRF.
Influence of Voxel Size on CBCT Images for Dental Implants Planning
Authors: Kehrwald Ricardo , Castro Hebert Sampaio de , Salmeron Samira , Matheus Ricardo Alves , Santaella Gustavo Machado , Queiroz Polyane Mazucatto 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective This study was developed to evaluate the influence of voxel size on bone measurements for implant planning.
Materials and Methods The research was performed by using edentulous synthetic human mandibles with different levels of bone resorption. For each mandible, height and bone thickness were measured with a digital caliper. The PaX-i3d device was used to acquire the volumes of the five mandibles, with 50kVp, 4 mA, and a voxel size of 0.08 mm. After the acquisition, the images were reconstructed in the software CS three-dimensional Imaging, with four different sizes of voxels: 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mm. All volumes were analyzed by a single evaluator who performed measurements to obtain bone height and thickness, using the reference points that were considered in obtaining the gold standard. The data were analyzed by ANOVA with a significance level of 5%.
Results There was no significant difference in the measurements obtained with different voxel sizes, both for bone height measurements and bone thickness. There was no statistically significant difference in measurements in thickness in comparison to the gold standard.
Conclusion When necessary, to measure height and bone thickness, it is possible to recommend voxel images of larger size (0.40 mm) without compromising the quality of the patient's clinical planning.
Pharmacological Management of Pattern Hair Loss
Authors: Sattur Sandeep Suresh , Sattur Indu Sandeep 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPattern hair loss (PHL) is a condition that worsens with time and the only way it can be slowed down is with pharmacological intervention. Pharmacological treatments for PHL, from an evidenced-based perspective with respect to safety and efficacy, are limited to only two drugs, minoxidil and finasteride. However, there are a host of drugs being used, off-label with limited evidence. This article attempts to review the literature on this topic, and the authors add to this, with their experience of over two decades on incorporating pharmacologic treatments along with hair transplantation in their management of PHL.
Electrical Injuries and Neurosurgery: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Narang Sumeet , Manoharan Ganesh Kumar , Dil Jaspreet Singh , Raja A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction Electrical injuries account for 5 to 27% of admissions to burn units. The nervous system is affected in as much as 21% of nervous injuries, with reported mortality.
Case Report The authors report a case of a patient presenting to the neurosurgical service with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused due to an electrical burn. Available data was reviewed through a PubMed search of literature, with special attention to the nature of presentation, classification of such injuries, the pathophysiology of the events that arise, complications to be expected, and the guidelines for management.
Conclusion It is possible for electrical injuries to cause TBIs requiring neurosurgical intervention.
The Future of Red Cell Transfusion Lies in Cultured Red Cells
Authors: Javed Rizwan , Flores Lorraine , Bhave Saurabh Jayant , Jawed Asheer , Mishra Deepak Kumar 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBlood is a very important resource for healthcare-based services and there has been a consistently increasing demand for it in most parts of the world. Poor volunteer-based collection system, high-risk of transfusion-transmitted infections, and emergence of new pathogens as evident from the ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are potential challenges to the global healthcare systems. It is imperative to explore safe and reliable alternatives to red cell transfusions. Ex vivo culture of red cells (cRBCs) from different sources such as hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), pluripotent stem cells, and immortalized progenitors (e.g., BELA-2 cells) could revolutionize transfusion medicine. cRBC could be of great diagnostic and therapeutic utility. It may provide a backup in times of acute shortages in patients with rare blood groups, and in cases with multiple antibodies or sickle cell anemia. The CRISP-Cas9 system has been used to develop personalized, multi-compatible RBCs for diagnostic reagents and patients with multiple allo-antibodies. cRBC could be practically feasible for pediatric patients, who require small quantities of red cell transfusions. cRBC produced under good manufacturing practice (GMP) conditions has been reported to survive in human blood circulation for more than 26 days. Recently, a phase I randomized controlled clinical trial called RESTORE was initiated to assess the survival and recovery of cRBCs. However, feasible technological advancement is required to produce enough cRBCs for clinical use. It is crucial to identify sustainable sources for large-scale production of clinically useful cRBCs. Although the potential cost of one unit of cRBC is extrapolated to be around US$ 8000, it is a life-saving product for patients having rare blood groups and is a “ready to use” source of phenotype-matched, homogenous young red cells in emergency situations.
Midterm Functional Outcome of the Linked Semiconstrained Distal Radioulnar Joint Prosthesis
Authors: Warlop Jaak , Nuffel Maarten Van , Smet Luc De , Degreef Ilse 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background A painful unstable distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) can seriously compromise hand and wrist function. The semiconstrained prosthesis was developed to restore DRUJ function. To date, most outcome reports are coauthored by the designer.
Questions Does independent reporting confirm the promising results of the semiconstrained DRUJ prosthesis? Are complication and failure rates acceptable?
Patients and Methods We evaluated patients with the semiconstrained DRUJ implant and a minimum follow-up of 2 years. We monitored patient satisfaction and function with functionality questionnaires and measured wrist range of motion, grip, and key pinch strength. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, linear and logistic regression.
Results We included 41 patients with 42 implants. Mean follow-up was 46 months (range: 24–102 months). Eighty percent of wrist had undergone previous surgery. We found a mean pronation of 83 degrees (0–90 degrees), supination of 70 degrees (0–90 degrees), flexion of 42 degrees (0–90 degrees), extension of 49 degrees (0–90 degrees), ulnar deviation of 24 degrees (0–60 degrees), and radial deviation of 14 degrees (0–40 degrees). Grip and key pinch strength were 20.1 (1–50 kg) and 6 kg (1–12 kg), respectively. Average patient-rated wrist and hand evaluation score was 42.7 (0–95), disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score was 38 (0–88), and visual analog scale score was 3.6 (0–8). We found a 43% complication rate (mostly minor: ulnar or radial tendinopathy, temporary hypoesthesia) with 24% reoperation and 92% prosthesis survival rate.
Conclusion The linked semiconstrained DRUJ prosthesis has its value in the surgical treatment of DRUJ failure. Currently, most implants are used in secondary surgery and multioperated wrists. More research is required to assess the value of the DRUJ prosthesis as a primary procedure.
Level of evidence This is a level IV, therapeutic study.
Communicating Bronchopulmonary Foregut Malformation Type IB: Diagnostic and Surgical Challenges
Authors: Jadhav Bhushanrao , Vaseeharan Ranjithatharsini , Sekaran Prabhu , Folaranmi Semiu Eniola , Awad Karim 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCommunicating bronchopulmonary foregut malformations (CBPFM) are extremely rare. We present a complex case of type IB CBPFM with esophageal atresia and distal tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TOF), duodenal atresia/annular pancreas (DA/AP), and intestinal malrotation who underwent primary repair for EA/TOF on day 3. Bilious aspirates on day 8 prompted an upper gastrointestinal (GI) contrast revealing a duodenal obstruction and communication between the right lung lower lobe and the esophagus (T8-T9 level). DA/AP and malrotation were repaired by a gastrojejunostomy and Ladd's procedure. A repeat contrast swallow identified a 2nd communication from the esophagus into the right lower lobe (T5-T6 level) raising the suspicion of a recurrent TOF. Computed tomography (CT) thorax confirmed above findings with an anomalous blood supply to right lung. An exploratory thoracotomy identified a three-lobed lung. However, the lower lobe was enlarged and connected in two separate locations to the esophagus. The child recovered after the disconnection of the esophageal connections and partial right lower lobectomy. CBPFM are extremely rare anomalies requiring a high index of suspicion, use of an upper GI contrast series, and CT scans for diagnosis. The treatment of choice is resection of the affected lung and disconnection of the esophageal communications.
On the problem of periodicity of continued fraction expansions of for cubic polynomials over algebraic number fields
Authors: Platonov V. P. , Zhgoon V. S. , Petrunin M. M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe obtain a complete description of the fieldsthat are extensions ofof degree at mostand the cubic polynomialssuch that the expansion ofinto a continued fraction in the field of formal power seriesis periodic. We prove a finiteness theorem for cubic polynomialswith a periodic expansion offor extensions ofof degree at most. We obtain a description of the periodic elementsfor the cubic polynomialsdefining elliptic curves with points of order,.Bibliography: 19 titles.
More about sparse halves in triangle-free graphs
Authors: Razborov A. A. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
One of Erdős’s conjectures states that every triangle-free graph on

vertices has an induced subgraph on

vertices with at most

edges. We report several partial results towards this conjecture. In particular, we establish the new bound

on the number of edges in the general case. We completely prove the conjecture for graphs of girth

, for graphs with independence number

and for strongly regular graphs. Each of these three classes includes both known (conjectured) extremal configurations, the 5-cycle and the Petersen graph.
Bibliography: 21 titles.
Photosynthetic reaction center variants made via genetic code expansion show Tyr at M210 tunes the initial electron transfer mechanism
Authors: Weaver Jared Bryce , Lin Chi-Yun , Faries Kaitlyn M. , Mathews Irimpan I. , Russi Silvia , Holten Dewey , Kirmaier Christine , Boxer Steven G. 
Published: December 2021

Significance
Reaction centers (RCs) are critical to photosynthetic energy conversion. RCs in all characterized photosynthetic organisms contain two symmetrically arranged branches of chromophores and enable light-induced electron transfer with high yield. We fine-tune the properties of a key bacterial RC symmetry-breaking tyrosine via its replacement with noncanonical tyrosine analogs and determine kinetic outcomes. Results are interpreted through energetic characterization made possible by resonance Stark spectroscopy. Analysis indicates this tyrosine modulates the mechanism of the initial light-induced electron transfer, affording an alternative functional pathway that maintains the RC’s robust electron transfer. Modern molecular biology, ultrafast spectroscopy, crystallography, and energetic characterization enable the mechanistic model we describe. Our results deepen understanding of RC function and may have implications for other photocatalysts and enzymes.
Norms, affect and evaluation in the reception of literary translations in multilingual online reading communities
Authors: Kotze Haidee , Janssen Berit , Koolen Corina , van der Plas Luka , van Egdom Gys-Walt 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article uses the Digital Opinions on Translated Literature (dioptra-l) corpus to study readers’
perceptions of and responses to translation in a naturalistic setting, focusing on the normative constructs or
cognitive-evaluative templates they use to conceptualise, evaluate and respond to translations. We answer two main questions: (1)
How visible, or salient, is the fact of translation to readers reading a translated literary text, and are there differences in
the degree and nature of this visibility for different languages and translation directions? (2) What are the main concepts, and
emotional and evaluative parameters that readers use to describe translated literary texts, and are there differences in these
concepts and parameters when considered by different translation directionalities and genres? We make use of computational
methods, including collocational network analysis, keyword analysis, and sentiment analysis to extract information about the
salience of translation, and the networks of emotive and evaluative language that are used around the concept of translation. This
forms the basis of our proposals for particular cognitive-evaluative templates.
Securing cross-border collaboration: transgovernmental enforcement networks, organized crime and illicit international political economy
Authors: Legrand Tim , Leuprecht Christian 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT
In a globalizing world, cross-border enforcement networks are rapidly emerging as important mechanisms to tackle illicit transnational markets. As a relatively recent mode of cross-border governance, both the IPE and public policy literatures have only just begun to explore the dynamics and implications of cross-border policy networks in general and security networks in particular. Cross-border enforcement networks are similar to current IPE conceptions of transgovernmental networks, yet the comparative analysis of such networks in this article shows that they extend, and differ, from transgovernmental networks. Instead, transgovernmental enforcement networks are emerging as a comparable but distinct transnational model and thus warrant emancipation as an object of study in their own right. By exploring two network cases concerned with US-Canada cross-border tobacco smuggling, the article discerns and describes factors and conditions that account for different outcomes among select U.S-Canada cross-border security networks: IBET/Shiprider and MYGALE. Data was collected by analyzing open primary sources and conducting interviews with subject participants in these policy networks. Based on these observations, the article generates insights that can subsequently be scrutinized using other cross-border policy case studies.