bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’esprit de l’alpinisme
Authors: Moraldo Delphine 
Published: September 2021

Pourquoi les grands alpinistes se détournent-ils de l’Everest ? Pourquoi refusent-ils l’oxygène artificiel sur certains sommets himalayens ? Pourquoi risquent-ils leur vie pour une ascension nouvelle ? Mais aussi, pourquoi sont-ils en majorité des hommes, qui plus est, des hommes longtemps issus des élites sociales ?
Théâtre de drames, pourvoyeur de héros, objet de polémiques, l’alpinisme de haut niveau fascine. Dans les discours qui l’entourent ressurgissent les mêmes images : celles d’une pratique grande et noble, qu’on ne saurait assimiler à un simple sport, dont les protagonistes dévoués corps et âme, sont prêts à se sacrifier pour une ascension inédite. À condition, cependant, qu’elle soit réalisée dans le bon esprit, car dans le grand alpinisme, il faut parvenir au sommet sans tricher, dans le respect d’une éthique stricte. C’est cet esprit de l’alpinisme, synonyme d’excellence, que l’ouvrage interroge à travers une enquête originale, à la fois historique et sociologique. Mettant à profit des matériaux inédits, il emmène le lecteur des origines de l’alpinisme dans la grande bourgeoisie anglaise du XIXe siècle, jusqu’au début du XXIe siècle.
L’esprit de l’alpinisme, principe éthique et esprit de corps, s’inscrit dans des hiérarchies et des rapports de domination de classe et de genre, qui distinguent les élites des masses, les alpinistes des guides, les hommes des femmes. L’ouvrage dévoile comment, par-delà la diffusion, la démocratisation et la féminisation de l’alpinisme, son esprit, codifié il y a plus de cent cinquante ans par une petite élite masculine britannique, continue d’en refléter aujourd’hui les idéologies, au Royaume-Uni mais aussi en France. Ouvrage destiné à un large public, il intéressera, au-delà des universitaires et des amateurs d’alpinisme, toutes celles et ceux qui s’interrogent sur la manière dont des hiérarchies sociales et genrées se construisent et se maintiennent.
De l’enfance à la folie en situation coloniale
Authors: Gallien Raphaël 
Published: September 2021

En 1914, au sein du seul asile d’aliénés de Madagascar, pour la première fois un enfant se retrouve interné. Âgé de douze ans et prénommé Lezoma, il est amené par sa mère dans l’espoir d’une prise en charge pour son fils. Or les autorités médicales restent muettes quant à sa qualité d’enfant et ne le distinguent pas des autres malades. Ce silence révèle l’une des motivations principales de l’encadrement asilaire : « l’indigène », enfant ou non, reste aux yeux des autorités un être inaccompli à éduquer vers la voie de la raison et de la « civilisation ». Pour les médecins, le jeune âge de Lezoma ne constitue donc pas une spécificité par rapport au projet asilaire et ne justifie aucune attention particulière. Suivre le parcours de Lezoma, c’est néanmoins révéler les attentes et ajustements de la psychiatrie coloniale et éclairer sous un angle inédit l’itinéraire de vie d’un enfant considéré comme « anormal » durant la colonisation.
From degeneration to mental disorders: the development of child psychiatric theory and child psychiatric practices in Denmark, c. 1900-1950
Authors: Junghans Jennie Sejr 
Published: September 2021

Despite child psychiatry not becoming officially acknowledged as a medical specialty in Denmark before 1953, the first half of the 20th century saw a significant development in both child psychiatric theories and child psychiatric practices. Whereas notions of heredity had previously dominated medical textbooks and limited treatment efforts, the first psychiatric clinic for mentally ill children opened at the Copenhagen University Hospital in 1935, heralding a new stance on children’s mental disorders. By the early 1950s, the importance of socio-economic conditions and intrafamilial relationships for children’s mental health was given new meaning in both textbooks and practices.
La sectorisation a-t-elle sorti les enfants des asiles ?
Authors: Monduit de Caussade Camille 
Published: September 2021

La deuxième moitié du xxe siècle marque incontestablement un changement dans la prise en charge des enfants à l’asile. Ce changement est d’abord l’effet d’une nouvelle génération de psychiatres qui ont fait émerger une discipline jusqu’alors inexistante, la pédopsychiatrie. C’est aussi l’effet d’une prise en compte politique de la question de l’enfance inadaptée avec de nombreux textes (circulaires, décrets, lois) qui accordent une place singulière à l’enfant. Ceci est le fruit d’un long processus qui suit aussi l’évolution de la psychiatrie générale qui au lendemain de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale entame un vaste chantier pour repenser la place de la folie dans la société et ses institutions. C’est la naissance de la psychiatrie de secteur avec une circulaire majeure en 1960 dans laquelle peu de cas est fait de la place des enfants. L’évolution des institutions dédiées aux troubles psychiques des enfants doit aussi sa lenteur aux tensions et aux rivalités à la fois avec les représentants d’une psychiatrie générale conservatrice, à la fois avec toute une frange de l’enfance inadaptée qui constituera plus tard le champ du handicap.
Faculty and Preceptor Perceptions of Their Respective Roles in Athletic Training Student Development
Authors: Cavallario Julie M. , Cohen Gary W. , Wathen Heather B. M. , Nelson Emily Lynn , Welch Bacon Cailee E. 
Published: September 2021

Context
Health care professions use a unique learning pattern in which education occurs both didactically and clinically. Previous research has focused on preceptor selection and training, but there has been limited emphasis on the perceived roles of didactic and clinical educators. Identifying potential discrepancies in perceived roles in student development may help improve athletic training student education through a shared understanding of role delineation.

Objective
To understand the perceived roles of faculty and preceptors in athletic training student development.

Design
Consensual qualitative research.

Setting
Videoconference focus group interviews.

Patients or Other Participants
Eight faculty, 7 preceptors, and 7 dual-role faculty/preceptors representing professional athletic training programs participated in this study. Data saturation guided the number of focus groups conducted.

Data Collection and Analysis
Semistructured focus group interviews were conducted and transcribed verbatim. Four researchers used a consensus process to analyze data, identify emergent themes, and create a codebook independently. We created a consensual codebook using identified themes and subgroups. Trustworthiness was established with the use of multiple researchers and an external auditor.

Results
Three themes emerged from the data: (1) contributors to role achievement, (2) challenges to role achievement, and (3) perceived improvements. Factors contributing to role achievement included positive relationships, effective communication, role development, student development, and socialization. Challenges to role achievement included preparation for the role, student commitment, role strain, ineffective communication, authenticity of learning, and preceptor willingness. Suggestions for perceived improvements included concept integration and application, programmatic leadership, and culture.

Conclusions
Some participants identified ineffective communication as a challenge to role development. Others noted effective communication as a contributor to role development. Limited formal training exists for faculty and preceptors relative to their respective roles in student development, and many draw from their own past experiences to better fulfill those roles.
Clinical spectrum, transmission dynamics, outcome and hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis in COVID-19 positive health care workers at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sharma Shiwangi , Achra Arvind , Venugopal Abhinaya , Deepak Desh , Nirmal Kirti , Kansra Stuti , Shulania Anuradha , Chhabra Mala , Duggal Nandini 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
Being at the forefront, health-care workers (HCWs) have been at an increased risk of developing COVID-19.

Objectives:
To understand the pattern of the clinical symptoms, transmission dynamics, intake of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) prophylaxis and outcome in COVID-19 positive HCWs.

Methods:
One hundred and fifty-one COVID-19 infected HCWs were telephonically followed up to study the exposure details, clinical presentation, comorbidities, HCQ prophylaxis, outcome and further transmission to their families.

Results:
The most commonly infected were doctors 60 (39.74%), followed by nursing staff (22.52%) and office staff (13.25%). Only 40 (26.49%) of infected staff was posted in COVID area. The most common source of exposure were patients (33.11%), followed by fellow staff members (28.48%) and 13 (8.61%) had contracted the disease from their family. Fever (74.17%) was the most common symptom followed by myalgia (43.71%), anosmia (37.75), sore throat (33.77%), ageusia (31.13%) and dry cough (28.48%). Three (1.99%) HCWs expired due to COVID-19 and 23 (16.31%) transmitted infection to their family members.

Conclusions:
This study concludes that HCWs are at greater risk of acquiring infection, particularly while working in non COVID areas, contracting the virus mainly from patients and co-workers. They are also a potential source of onward transmission to their colleagues and family.
Dairy cattle lameness prevalence, causes and risk factors in selected farms of southern Ethiopia
Authors: Sheferaw Desie , Abebe Rahmeto , Megersa Bekele , Amenu Kebede , Abunna Fufa , Regassa Alemayehu , Yifat Denbarga  , Fekadu Amene , Mekibib Berhanu , Rebuma Eliyas , Abera Ephrem , Sefiw Getnet , Hordofa Debele , Ashebo Amanuel , Wako Firaol 
Published: September 2021

A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2018 to December 2019 to estimate the prevalence of lameness in dairy cows, to assess the causes and associated risk factors in southern Ethiopia. A total of 2009 dairy cows were visually and clinically examined, and the overall prevalence of lameness was found to be 14. 1% (95% CI=12.7-15.7). The prevalence of lameness was significantly (P< 0.05) higher in Arsi Negelle, Yirgalem, and Wolaita Sodo than in Wondo Genet and Hawassa. The prevalence of lameness was also associated with the stages of pregnancy and parity (P < 0.05). Generally, the prevalence of lameness in dairy cows was increasing with the increase in parity and stage of pregnancy. The main abnormalities observed in this study were hooves overgrowth (6%), lesions between hooves (4%), lesions on legs (2.2%), trauma (0.6%), arthritis (0.5%), and a sole ulcer (0.3%). Most of these abnormalities were mainly due to faulty management. Hence, based on this finding it is recommended that hoof management and trimming are very essential components of lameness control. Furthermore, early detection and treatment of lame cows; training of the owners on hoof management; and improvement of the housing are helpful to keep lameness at a lower level.
Bovine trypanosomosis and its vectors: prevalence and control operations in Kellem Wollega, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Tsegaye Dereje , Terefe Getachew , Delema Deresse , Tadesse Abebayehu 
Published: September 2021

A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and to assess farmers’ perception of the disease and its control operations. From October to April 2012, a total of 586 cattle were sampled for the prevalence study. Buffy coat procedure and haematocrit value determination were performed. To capture the fly that was involved in the transmission dynamics, one hundred monopyramidal traps were deployed for 72 hours. A semi-structured questionnaire was conducted to study farmers’ perceptions of the diseases and their control operations. Trypanosomal infections were diagnosed in only 8.7 % (51) of animals. The overall prevalence of trypanosome infection in cattle was significantly varied between study districts (33.1% Dale Sadi and 66.9% Dale Wabera). Most infections were due to Trypanosoma congolense (81.8%) followed by T. vivax (15.6%) and mixed infections (2.6%). The association of hematological value changes and trypanosome infections was profound. The overall Packed Cell Volume (PCV) values of sampled cattle were 25.8%. A significant (P< 0.05) variation in PCV values was recorded in infected (20.8%) and non-infected (26.5%) cattle. In the study period, a total of 2055 flies were captured and of which 92% belong to the genus Glossina followed by Stomoxys and Tabanids. Four types of tsetse species (G. pallidpes, G. m. morsitans, G. tachinoides, and G. f. fuscipes) were identified. The questionnaire survey revealed that trypanosomosis is the most important problem for agricultural activity and animal production in the study areas. Farmers are well aware of the problem, means of transmission, and the different control methods. Integrating tsetse control program with other trypanosomosis control options is recommended.
Nutritional composition, antioxidant assay and α-glucosidase inhibitory flavonoids from the fruits of Carissa edulis Vahl (Apocynaceae)
Authors: Ojerinde Olalekan Stephen , Gwatau Dalen Dafam , Falang Kakjing Dadul , Odumosu Patricia O. , Kolawole Jacob Adegboyega 
Published: September 2021

Carissa edulis Vahl (Apocynaceae) is a plant whose leaves, roots and fruits are traditionally employed for the treatment of malaria, microbial infections, headache, cough, fever and ulcer among many others. Fresh fruits of Carissa edulis were crushed and extracted with 70 % methanol for 72 hours to obtain MeOH extract. Proximate analysis as well as mineral composition of the fresh fruits were determined. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC) and antioxidant activity (DPPH, FRAP & Ferrous chelating) of the MeOH extract were determined, while the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the extract was conducted using bioautographic assay. The structure of compounds isolated were elucidated by 1D NMR spectroscopic analysis and high-resolution mass spectrometric (HRESIMS) data. The results showed that the nutritive value of the fresh Carissa edulis is 43.43 kcal/100 g, while the extract demonstrated good antioxidant activities (DPPH, IC50 = 87.98 μg/ml; FRAP, EC50 = 464.33 μg/ml & Ferrous chelating, EC50 = 294.55 μg/ml). Further study of the MeOH extract of the fruit led to the isolation of rhamnetin-3-β-D-glucopyranoside, peonidin-3-rutinoside and malvidin-3-O-β-D-(6”-acetylglucoside). These results suggest that the fruits of Carissa edulis are nutritious and possess potential antidiabetic effect which corroborated the ethnomedical uses of the fruits.
Keywords: Carissa edulis; α-Glucosidase; Anthocyanins; Nutritional composition; Antioxidant properties
Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Supervisi Kunjungan Kelas Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Guru Dalam Penilaian Hasil Belajar Siswa Di SMK Negeri 1 Sutera
Authors: Suryati Lili 
Published: September 2021

Permasalahan yang peneliti temukan di lapangan yaitu hasil evaluasi pelaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran menunjukkan bahwa penilaian yang dilakukan guru di kelas kurang mampu memperlihatkan tuntutan hasil belajar siswa, oleh sebab itu tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan peran serta kepala SMK Negeri 1 Sutera dalam memfasilitasi para guru yang dihadapkan dengan kesulitan teknis pengelolaan pembelajaran, yang akan memberi dampak kurang baik terhadap proses dan hasil belajar siswa. Subjek penelitian adalah guru kelas di SMK Negeri 1 Sutera yang terdiri dari 6 orang guru kelas X s.d guru kelas XII. Sedangkan yang menjadi objek penelitian adalah peningkatan kemampuan guru dalam melakukan kegiatan penilaian hasil belajar siswa Data yang dikumpulkan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan penelitian tindakan kelas ini melalui beberapa teknik, yaitu teknik observasi, teknik wawancara dan teknik dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahwa pelaksanaan supervisi kunjungan kelas terbukti dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru dalam melaksanakan kegiatan penilaian hasil belajar. Guru menunjukkan keseriusan dalam memahami dan melaksanakan kegiatan penilaian hasil belajar. Hal itu dapat dibuktikan dari hasil observasi/pengamatan yang memperlihatkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan kemampuan guru melaksanakan kegiatan penilaian hasil belajar dari siklus ke siklus . Pada siklus I nilai rata-rata capaian secara klasikal dari 42,82 dengan kategori kurang, meningkat menjadi 67,82 dengan kategori cukup serta pada siklus terakhir menjadi 86,11 dengan kategori baik, dan secara individual per guru dari 2 orang atau 33,33% pada siklus pertama meningkat menjadi 100% atau 6 orang guru pada siklus terakhir
A teoria habermasiana de inclusão do outro e a internação compulsória
Authors: De Freitas Carolina Nunes 
Published: September 2021

Artigo científico desenvolvido a partir das discussões durante as aulas de mestrado, após verificada a necessidade de compreender a internação compulsória, sob a perspectiva habermasiana da inclusão do outro. O estudo apresentou os principais elementos caracterizadores da inclusão do outro e a previsão legal de internação compulsória de usuários abusivos de drogas que, embora partam de pontos distintos, podem interagir e auxiliar ao Direito.

Scientific paper developed from discussions during master's classes, after verifying the need to understand compulsory hospitalization, from the Habermasian perspective of inclusion of the other. The study presented the main elements that characterize the inclusion of the other and the legal provision of compulsory hospitalization of drug abusers who, although starting from different points, can interact and assist the Law
La teoría de las cuasi-proporciones de Pietro Mengoli
Authors: Bello Henry Darío López , Vargas Michelle Alejandra Penagos 
Published: September 2021

Pietro Mengoli presenta en 1659 la teoría de las cuasi-proporciones, fundamento de su método de cálculo de cuadraturas. Esta se basa en la teoría de las proporciones del Libro V de Elementos y en la obra en algebra simbólica de Viète. Inicia trabajando con números naturales generalizados por medio de variables y sumatorias de estos, ordenándolos en seis tablas triangulares. Con estos resultados, define una relación —cuasi-razón—, una relación de relaciones —cuasi-proporción—, y construye su teoría definiendo los conceptos de cantidad indeterminada determinable y la razón indeterminada determinable, conceptos donde subyace la idea del límite como proceso de aproximación

Pietro Mengoli presented in 1659 the quasi-proportions theory, basis of his own method for calculating quadratures. This theory is based on the Euclidean theory of proportions, shown in the fifth book of Elements and on symbolic algebra work of Viète. He started working with generalized natural numbers using variables and sums of these, ordering these in six triangular tables. With these results, he defined a relation —quasi-ration— and a relation of relations —quasi-proportion— and constructs his theory defining the concepts of determined indeterminate quantity and determined indeterminate ratio, concepts where the idea of limit underlies as a process of approximation.
Healthcare and Rehabilitation Needs of Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Kinyanjui Benson , McDaniels Bradley , Frain Michael , Bishop Malachy , Chiu Chung-Yi , Lee Beatrice , Tiro Lebogang 
Published: September 2021

There is little research delineating the healthcare and rehabilitation needs of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) that is based on the perspectives of those individuals themselves. The medical community is largely well-informed about disease progression, symptoms, and treatment of MS, but little is known regarding the barriers and unmet needs that individuals with MS experience in their interaction with healthcare and rehabilitation systems and providers, and in their efforts to maintain healthy, productive, and participatory lives. In this article, we provide a comprehensive summary of the most frequently identified healthcare and rehabilitation needs of individuals with MS based on a review of over 500 articles, from which 29 articles were selected for inclusion as they specifically addressed the needs or unmet healthcare and rehabilitation needs of people with MS. Based on our review, we identified 11 categories of needs, which we discuss in the context of three broad categories, including (a) emotional and psychological support, (b) healthcare and rehabilitation, and (c) transportation, home care, and financial needs.

Keywords: multiple sclerosis, health care, priorities, needs, expectations
Preface to the special issue of the Division Energy, Resources and the Environment at vEGU2021: Gather online​​​​​​​
Authors: Bruckman Viktor J. , Giebel Gregor , Juhlin Christopher , Martens Sonja , Rinaldi Antonio P. , Kühn Michael 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The European Geosciences Union (EGU) is one of the
leading global bottom-up societies that promotes earth, planetary and space
sciences. In its annual general assemblies, EGU brings together experts from
all over the world to discuss cutting-edge research and implementation of
findings in its respective disciplines and thus offers a unique forum for
scientific exchange, science-policy interaction, and joint development of
strategies for future research endeavours. This special issue in Advances in Geosciences comprises a collection of
contributions from the Division Energy, Resources and the Environment (ERE)
of the EGU, which were presented at the General Assembly 2021, vEGU2021:
Gather online. It was held entirely online for the second time after EGU2020
from 19 to 30 April 2021.
ANALISIS PELAKSANAAN KEBIJAKAN PEMILIHAN KEPALA DESA SECARA SERENTAK DI KECAMATAN RANTAU PULUNG KABUPATEN KUTAI TIMUR
Authors: Jusmiati . 
Published: September 2021

This article aim to analyze the Implementation of local regulation: No.7/2016 on the simultaneous Election of Village chief in the Rantau Pulung District, East Kutai Regency, and any factors that the Implementation inhibited of simultaneous election of Village Head District. This type of research is qualitative descriptive. Based on the study results as for the Implementation of local regulation: No.7/2016 on thesimultaneous election of village chief has been implemented in accordance with the local regulations but not effective yet. In which there are still obstacles in the implementation of simultaneous elections of village chief in Rantau Pulung district, because of communication rarely and information among the committee for election of village chief and budgeting disbursement retard of village chief election and coordination rarely among the committees in the election of village chief.Keyword : Election of Regional Chief, Regulation, Implementation
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM PERTUKARAN PEMUDA INDONESIA-KANADA DALAM MENINGKATKAN AKTIVITAS KEPEMUDAAN DI PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Febriansyah Alfi 
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of Indonesia-Canada Youth Exchange Program in Kalimantan Timur in order to increase youth activity, primary data were obtained through key informant namely Committee from Dinas Pemuda dan Olahraga Kalimantan Timur, and 4 informants consisting of PCMI Kalimantan Timur, also alumnae of Indonesia-Canada Youth Exchange Program from Kalimantan Timur Province, also supported by secondary data which is relevant archive. Furthermore, it was analyzed using Analysis Qualitative Data with CIPP Model through the scheme of FAO/Soekartawi evaluation research activities. The result of the research shows that the Indonesia-Canada Youth Exchange Program in Kalimantan Timur is not effective to increase youth activity because in implementation is founded that some components of program success factor were not implemented.Keywords: Effective, Youth Exchange, CIPP