bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When do threats mobilize managers for organizational change toward sustainability? An environmental belief model
Authors: Kump Barbara 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn pursuit of counteracting today's environmental problems, corporate management will have to implement organizational changes factoring in sustainability, which is why it is important to understand exactly what leads managers to initiate these changes. It has been established that managers' personal values are critical for their behavior and that threats to these values can mobilize managers to change their actions. However, when confronted with environment‐related threats, managers may face value conflicts and various tensions between their aim to implement sustainable changes and their desire to fulfill business requirements of their job positions. Only recently have researchers begun to investigate the underlying beliefs that may lead managers to initiate organizational change toward sustainability. Borrowing theoretical assumptions from the domain of health psychology (from the well‐established health belief model), the present conceptual article develops an environmental belief model that specifies when exactly threats lead managers to initiate organizational change. The environmental belief model proposes that environment‐related threats trigger change (i) when managers believe that their firms are susceptible to these threats, (ii) the threats are considered as serious for the company, (iii) the perceived benefits of the change outperform (iv) the perceived barriers, and when there is (v) an external cue (e.g., an information campaign). All these propositions are supported with empirical findings from business contexts. Besides theoretical advancement on the role of environmental threats as precipitators of organizational change, the model provides guidance on how to frame environment‐related threats that will mobilize managers for organizational change toward sustainability.
Evaluating palliative opportunities in pediatric patients with leukemia and lymphoma
Authors: Labudde Emily J. , DeGroote Nicholas P. , Smith Susie , Ebelhar Jonathan , Allen Kristen E. , Castellino Sharon M. , Wasilewski‐Masker Karen , Brock Katharine E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundDespite favorable prognoses, pediatric patients with hematologic malignancies experience significant challenges that may lead to diminished quality of life or family stress. They are less likely to receive subspecialty palliative care (PC) consultation and often undergo intensive end‐of‐life (EOL) care. We examined “palliative opportunities,” or events when the integration of PC would have the greatest impact, present during a patient's hematologic malignancy course and relevant associations.MethodsA single‐center retrospective review was conducted on patients aged 0–18 years with a hematologic malignancy who died between 1/1/12 and 11/30/17. Demographic, disease, and treatment data were collected. A priori, nine palliative opportunity categories were defined. Descriptive statistics were performed. Palliative opportunities were evaluated over temporal quartiles from diagnosis to death. Timing and rationale of pediatric PC consultation were evaluated.ResultsPatients (n = 92) had a median of 5.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 6.0) palliative opportunities, incurring 522 total opportunities, increasing toward the EOL. Number and type of opportunities did not differ by demographics. PC consultation was most common in patients with lymphoid leukemia (50.9%, 28/55) and myeloid leukemia (48.5%, 16/33) versus lymphoma (0%, 0/4, p = 0.14). Forty‐four of ninety‐two patients (47.8%) received PC consultation a median of 1.8 months (IQR 4.1) prior to death. Receipt of PC was associated with transplant status (p = 0.0018) and a higher number of prior palliative opportunities (p = 0.0005); 70.3% (367/522) of palliative opportunities occurred without PC.ConclusionPatients with hematologic malignancies experience many opportunities warranting PC support. Identifying opportunities for ideal timing of PC involvement may benefit patients with hematologic cancers and their caregivers.
Graphene‐based Materials for Fighting Coronavirus Disease 2019: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Maqbool Imran , Rehman Faisal , Soomro Faheeda , Bhatti Zubeda , Ali Umeed , Jatoi Ashique Hussain , Lal Bhajan , Iqbal Muzaffar , Phulpoto Shahnawaz , Ali Akbar , Thebo Khalid Hussain 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) is considered as serious global threat of this time and greatest challenge for recent days. Several approaches have been carried out in this direction to fight against COVID‐19. Among these, nanotechnology is one of the promising approach to face these challenges in the current situation. Recently, graphene‐based nanomaterials have been explored for COVID‐19 due to its unique physicochemical properties. This mini review provides a recent progress in graphene‐based nanomaterials and its applications for diagnosis, detection, decontamination, and protection against COVID‐19. Further, main challenges and perspective for fundamental design and development of technologies based on graphene‐based materials are discussed and suitable directions to improve these technologies are suggested. This article will provide timely knowledge and future direction about this wonder materials in various biological applications.
Design and Synthesis of Simplified Polyketide Analogs: New Modalities beyond the Rule of 5
Authors: Menche Dirk 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNatural products provide important lead structures for development of pharmaceutical agents or present attractive tools for medicinal chemistry. However, structurally complex and thus less accessible metabolites defying conventional drug‐like properties, as expressed by Pfizer's rule of five, have received less attention as medicinal leads. Traditionally, research focus has been on realizing total syntheses rather than developing more readily available analogs to resolve the critical supply issue. However, very recent studies with complex myxobacterial polyketides have demonstrated that considerable structural simplification may be realized with retention of biological potencies. The context, underlying rationale and importance of tailored synthetic strategies of three such case studies are presented, which may inspire further related activities and may eventually help exploiting the largely untapped biological potential of complex metabolites in general.
Metal‐based Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts for Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Methane: Progress and Challenges
Authors: Zheng Yiqun , Wang Yu , Yuan Yuliang , Huang Hongwen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2ER) has attracted enormous research interest owing to the feasibility to consume the excessive CO2 in atmosphere arising from overconsumption of fossil fuels and store the chemical energy in value‐added chemicals. The conversion of CO2 into methane (CH4) is of great importance, and recent advance has allowed the design and utilisation of effective electrocatalysts with improved electrocatalytic performance regarding product selectivity and Faradaic efficiency. In this mini‐review, we discuss the recent progress and challenges of metal‐based heterogeneous electrocatalyst for CO2ER into CH4 by starting with fundamental mechanisms and designing principles of effective electrocatalysts. In the following sections, we present several successful demonstrations and analyze the effect and contribution arising from their chemical composition, facet, size, and other characters. Some challenges and promising strategies are discussed finally.
Behavior‐partitioned diversity reveals differential habitat values of gardens to butterfly communities
Authors: Lo Fiona H. Y. , Tsang Toby P. N. , Bonebrake Timothy C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDiversity metrics, essential for habitat evaluation in conservation, are often based on occurrences records with little consideration of behavioral ecology. As species use diverse habitats to perform different behaviors, reliance on occurrence records alone will fail to reveal environmental conditions shaping the behavioral importance of habitats with respect to resource exploitation. Here, we integrated occurrence and behavioral records to quantify diversity and assessed how environmental determinants shape the behavioral importance of gardens to butterflies across Hong Kong. We conducted standardized butterfly sampling and behavioral observation, and recorded environmental variables related to climate, habitat quality, and landscape connectivity. We found differential responses of diversity and behavioral diversity metrics to environmental variables. Connectivity increased taxonomic richness based on occurrence and flying across records, while temperature reduced richness based on occurrence, settling and interaction records. Floral abundance increased richness based on nectaring records only. No environmental variable promoted the average number of behavioral types observed in each taxon. Our results suggest that connectivity and temperature determine the richness of butterflies reaching gardens, while floral abundance determines whether butterflies use the sites as nectaring grounds via modifying species behaviors. Our study demonstrates the utility in integrating behavioral and diversity data to reveal how environmental conditions shape behavioral importance of habitats.
Natural abundance of 13C and 15N provides evidence for plant–soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics in a N‐fertilized meadow
Authors: Wang Ruzhen , Peñuelas Josep , Li Tian , Liu Heyong , Wu Hui , Zhang Yuge , Sardans Jordi , Jiang Yong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNatural abundance of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) has been used to indicate ecosystem C and N status and cycling; however, use of this approach to infer plant and microbial N preference under projected ecosystem N enrichment is limited. Here, we investigated natural abundance δ13C and δ15N of five dominant plant species, and soil δ15N of microbial biomass and available N forms under N addition in a meadow steppe. Additional N, applied as urea, led to decreases in δ15N of soil NO3− (δ15Nnitrate, from 3.0 to 0.4‰) and increases in δ15N of soil (δ15Nammonium, from −1.3 to 11‰) and dissolved organic N (δ15NDON, from 8.5 to 15‰) that reflected increased net nitrification rates, a possible increase in NH3 volatilization, and greater availability of the three N forms. An overall increase in δ15N of soil total N (δ15NTN) from 7.1 to 7.9‰ indicated accelerated and greater openness of soil N cycling that was also partially revealed by enhanced net N mineralization rates. Plant δ15N, which ranged from −1.8 to 2.1‰, generally decreased with N addition, indicating a greater reliance on soil NO3− under N‐enrichment conditions. Nitrogen addition decreased δ15N of microbial biomass N (from 14 to 2.8‰), possibly because of a shift in preferential N form (DON to ), that indicated a convergence of plant and microbial preferential N forms and an increase in plant–microbial N competition. Microbes were thus more flexible than plants in the use of different forms of N. Addition of N decreased plant litter δ13C, whereas plant species δ13C remained unaffected, likely because of a shift in the abundance of dominant species with a greater proportion of biomass coming from δ13C‐depleted species. Enrichment factor (the difference in plant δ15N relative to δ15NTN) of four nonlegume species was negatively related to soil inorganic N availability, net nitrification rate, and net N mineralization rate, and was proven to be a good indicator of ecosystem N status. Our study highlights the importance of natural abundance of 15N as an indicator of plant–microbial N competition and ecosystem N cycling in meadow steppe grasslands under projected ecosystem N enrichment.
Palliative key aspects are of importance for symptom relief during the last week of life in patients with heart failure
Authors: Årestedt Kristofer , Brännström Margareta , Evangelista Lorraine S. , Strömberg Anna , Alvariza Anette 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to describe symptom prevalence of pain, shortness of breath, anxiety, and nausea and to identify factors associated with symptom relief in patients with heart failure during their last week of life.Methods and resultsThis nationwide study used data from the Swedish Register of Palliative Care and the Swedish Causes of Death Certificate Register. The sample included 4215 patients with heart failure as the underlying cause of death. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to analyse data. Pain was the most prevalent symptom (64.0%), followed by anxiety (45.1%), shortness of breath (28.8%), and nausea (11.4%). Pain was the most often totally relieved (77.5%), followed by anxiety (68.4%), nausea (54.7%), and shortness of breath (37.1%). Key aspects of palliative care such as documented palliative care in the patient record, individual medication prescriptions by injection, symptom assessment with validated scales, documented end‐of‐life discussions with patients and/or family members, and external consultation were significantly associated with symptom relief. Relief of pain, shortness of breath, anxiety, and nausea were significantly better managed in nursing homes and hospice/inpatient palliative care compared with care in hospitals.ConclusionsThe results show that key aspects of palliative care during the last week of life are significantly associated with symptom relief. Increased access to palliative care could provide a way to improve care during the last week of life for patients with heart failure. Home‐based settings provided more symptom relief than hospitals, which may indicate that the latter focuses on treatments and saving lives rather than promoting life before death.
The G protein‐coupled receptor 15 (GPR15) regulates cutaneous immunology by maintaining dendritic epidermal T cells and regulating the skin microbiome
Authors: Sezin Tanya , Jegodzinski Lina , Meyne Lisa‐Maria , Gupta Yask , Mousavi Sadegh , Ludwig Ralf J. , Zillikens Detlef , Sadik Christian D. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe G protein‐coupled receptor 15 (GPR15) regulates homing of different T‐cell populations into the gut, thus, preserving tissue homeostasis. Its potential role in the preservation of homeostasis on other body interfaces, including the skin, is less well understood. We addressed the impact of GPR15 on cutaneous T‐cell populations and the skin microbiome under steady‐state conditions. Genetic deficiency in GPR15 substantially altered the composition of skin‐resident T‐cell populations. Precisely, dendritic epidermal T cells were almost absent in the epidermis of Gpr15–/– mice. The niche of dendritic epidermal T cells in the epidermis was, instead, populated by αβ TCR+ T cells. These changes were associated with shifts in the skin microbiota in Gpr15–/– mice. Collectively, our results uncover a role of GPR15 in the regulation of the cutaneous immune system and, thus, highlight the receptor as important general regulator of tissue homeostasis of exterior body interfaces.
Cognitive load and the effectiveness of distraction for acute pain in children
Authors: Gaultney Wendy M. , Dahlquist Lynnda M. , Quiton Raimi L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundDistraction tasks that place continuous, high demand on executive resources have been shown to reduce pain intensity and pain unpleasantness ratings in some healthy adult samples. We examined the effects of a high‐demand ‘working memory’ 1‐back task compared to a low‐demand ‘motor control’ task on pain intensity and unpleasantness ratings in healthy children. Additionally, dispositional mindfulness was examined to explore the mechanisms of distraction on the affective processing of pain.MethodsFifty‐seven children (9–13 years old) experienced three randomly presented heat levels (not painful, slightly painful, moderately painful) during two distraction conditions involving different levels of cognitive load (a high load ‘working memory’ task and a low load ‘motor’ control task) in counter‐balanced order. Children completed measures of dispositional mindfulness, and attentional control and emotional control.ResultsAs predicted, children's pain intensity and pain unpleasantness ratings were lower in the high load condition compared to the low load condition. These differences were amplified in the moderately painful heat trials. In contrast with predictions, dispositional mindfulness did not significantly predict the effectiveness of distraction. Dispositional mindfulness was significantly related to measures of children's attentional and emotional control abilities; however, an exploratory serial mediation model did not produce significant indirect or overall effects to suggest a strong influence of mindfulness on the effectiveness of distraction.ConclusionsResults demonstrate that distraction that places higher demand on executive resources is more effective for acute pain management for children. Further research is needed to explore cognitive and affective moderators of the effectiveness of distraction for children.SignificanceThis study is one of the first to demonstrate that working‐memory engagement can attenuate pain intensity and pain unpleasantness in children aged 9–13. The findings suggest that distraction tasks used in clinical settings for moderately painful medical procedures may benefit more children if they are adequately demanding of cognitive resources.
Proteomic Profiling of Hepatocellular Adenomas Paves the Way to Diagnostic and Prognostic Approaches
Authors: Dourthe Cyril , Julien Céline , Di Tommaso Sylvaine , Dupuy Jean‐William , Dugot‐Senant Nathalie , Brochard Alexandre , Le Bail Brigitte , Blanc Jean‐Frédéric , Chiche Laurence , Balabaud Charles , Bioulac‐Sage Paulette , Saltel Frédéric , Raymond Anne‐Aurélie 
Published: March 2021

Background and Aims
Through an exploratory proteomic approach based on typical hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs), we previously identified a diagnostic biomarker for a distinctive subtype of HCA with high risk of bleeding, already validated on a multicenter cohort. We hypothesized that the whole protein expression deregulation profile could deliver much more informative data for tumor characterization. Therefore, we pursued our analysis with the characterization of HCA proteomic profiles, evaluating their correspondence with the established genotype/phenotype classification and assessing whether they could provide added diagnosis and prognosis values.

Approach and Results
From a collection of 260 cases, we selected 52 typical cases of all different subgroups on which we built a reference HCA proteomics database. Combining laser microdissection and mass‐spectrometry–based proteomic analysis, we compared the relative protein abundances between tumoral (T) and nontumoral (NT) liver tissues from each patient and we defined a specific proteomic profile of each of the HCA subgroups. Next, we built a matching algorithm comparing the proteomic profile extracted from a patient with our reference HCA database. Proteomic profiles allowed HCA classification and made diagnosis possible, even for complex cases with immunohistological or genomic analysis that did not lead to a formal conclusion. Despite a well‐established pathomolecular classification, clinical practices have not substantially changed and the HCA management link to the assessment of the malignant transformation risk remains delicate for many surgeons. That is why we also identified and validated a proteomic profile that would directly evaluate malignant transformation risk regardless of HCA subtype.

Conclusions
This work proposes a proteomic‐based machine learning tool, operational on fixed biopsies, that can improve diagnosis and prognosis and therefore patient management for HCAs.
Interactions between hybrid nanosized particles and convection melting inside an enclosure with partially active walls: 2D lattice Boltzmann‐based numerical investigation
Authors: Shojaeefard Mohammad Hassan , Jourabian Mahmoud , Rabienataj Darzi Ahmad Ali 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe ice melting is investigated inside a square cavity with two isothermally partially active walls. The concept of dispersing hybrid alumina–Cu nanoparticles and hybrid silica–multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanoparticles is recommended for thermal performance enhancement in this thermal energy storage (TES) system. The two‐dimensional explicit lattice Boltzmann convection melting scheme in the single‐phase model is applied to account for the natural convection flow induced in the melt region and evolution of the solid–liquid interface. The complete melting time for the pure phase change material (PCM) using case (II) is 33.3% lower compared with other cases. If the price of hybrid Al2O3–Cu nanoparticles and heat storage capacity is important, the full melt time diminishes by 16.6% with a volume fraction of 0.01 in case (II). Once hybrid silica–MWCNT nanoparticles with a volume fraction of 0.01 are utilized inside case (II), the lowest charging time is achieved. The complete melting time abates by 23.66% in contrast to the pure PCM melting. The use of single/hybrid nanoparticles to enhance the PCM melting is not necessarily economical as efficient positions of active parts could further lessen the charging time. The efficiency of hybrid nanoparticles is linked to the type and weight proportions of nanoparticles, and positions of thermally active parts.
Genome‐wide estrogen receptor β chromatin binding in human colon cancer cells reveals its tumor suppressor activity
Authors: Indukuri Rajitha , Jafferali Mohammed Hakim , Song Dandan , Damdimopoulos Anastasios , Hases Linnea , Zhao Chunyan , Archer Amena , Williams Cecilia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in the western world. In women, menopausal hormone therapy has been shown to reduce CRC incidence by 20%. Studies demonstrate that estrogen activating estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) protects against CRC. ERβ is a nuclear receptor that regulates gene expression through interactions with the chromatin. This molecular mechanism is, however, not well characterized in colon. Here, we present for the first time, the cistrome of ERβ in different colon cancer cell lines. We use cell lines engineered to express ERβ, optimize and validate an ERβ antibody for chromatin‐immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and perform ChIP‐Seq. We identify key binding motifs, including ERE, AP‐1, and TCF sites, and we determine enrichment of binding to cis‐regulatory chromatin sites of genes involved in tumor development, cell migration, cell adhesion, apoptosis, and Wnt signaling pathways. We compare the corresponding cistromes of colon and breast cancer and find that they are conserved for about a third of genes, including GREB1, but that ERβ tethering to TCF and KLF family motifs is characteristic for colon. We exemplify upregulation of putative CRC tumor suppressor gene CST5 where ERβ in colon cells binds to cis‐regulatory regions nearby (−351 bp) the transcriptional start site. Our work provides a foundation for understanding the mechanism of action of ERβ in CRC prevention.