bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-fangchinoline-loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticle With Improved Anti-lung Cancer Activity in Vivo and in Vitro
Authors: Lv Xu-tao , Zhang Yu-kai , Wang Mu-xuan , Chen Jia-shu , Guo Xu , Wang Qing , Chen Ying-ying , Sun Jin-yue , Li Ning-yang , Liu Yu-fa , Liu CHAO 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPresently, the number of patients with lung cancer ranks second among all different cancers in the world. As a natural derivative, 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan has good anti-lung cancer activity but poor aqueous solubility. Thus, 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles [7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-SLN] were prepared, and their anti-lung cancer activity in vivo and in vitro was evaluated.Results7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-SLN was prepared using low-temperature curing methods. TEM images indicated that 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-SLN was quasi-circular. The average size of the prepared nanoparticles was 45.3 ± 4.8 nm, the polydispersity index (PDI) was 0.16, the zeta potential was -21.6 ± 2.4 mV, and the particles had high stability for at least 35 days at room temperature. IR, XRD, and DSC results showed that 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan was successfully encapsulated in lipid materials with a high entrapment efficiency of 87.98% and a drug loading of 5.18%. The IC50 value of 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-SLN against A549 cells was more than 2.37 times lower than that of unloaded 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan after treatment for 48 h. Flow cytometry results showed that the apoptosis rate of A549 cells was 39.61% after treatment with 2 µg/mL 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-SLN. A nude mouse model was also used to evaluate the anticancer activities of 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-SLN, and the results indicated that the loaded particles had an obvious anti-lung cancer effect with an inhibitory rate of 71.12% at 5 mg/kg. Moreover, western blot results showed that 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan-SLN could induce tumor cell apoptosis by inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in nude mice.ConclusionsThese results indicate that the prepared solid lipid 7-O-(o-CF3-benzyl)-Fan nanoparticles show obvious anti-lung cancer activities and have promising prospects as potential carriers for lung cancer treatment.
miR-6780-5p-Enriched Exosomes Derived From Butylidenephthalide-Pre-Conditioned Human Olfactory Ensheathing Cells Via Autophagy Improve Motor Coordination and Balance in a SCA3/MJD Mouse Model
Authors: Chen Yu-shuan , Harn Horng-Jyh , Hong Zhen-Xiang , Huang Yi-Chen , Lin Yi-Tung , Zheng Hui-Xuan , Chen Pei-Yu , Yang Hsueh-Hui , Chen Peir-Rong , Tsai Hsieh-Chih , Lin Shinn-Zong , Ho Tsung-Jung , Chiou Tzyy-Wen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background The development of acellular products is a new trend for regeneration medicine. To provide an acellular product exhibiting characteristics of cells and usefulness as a therapeutic agent, exosomes were employed in the current studies. Method and Result The therapeutic agent hsa-miRNA-6780-5p was enriched up to 98 folds in exosomes derived from butylidenephthalide (bdph)-pre-conditioned human olfactory ensheathing cells (hOECs) compared to naïve hOECs exosomes. The particle size of exosomes derived hOECs and exosomes derived hOECs pre-conditioned bdph were around 124.17 nm and 117.47 nm, respectively. The role of hsa-miRNA-6780-5p was first demonstrated in our studies using a liposome system, showing that it enhances autophagy and inhibits spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) disease proteins of polyglutamine (polyQ) tract expression. At the same time, the exosomes with enriched hsa-miRNA-6780-5p were further applied to HEK-293-84Q, thus resulting in decreased expressions of polyQ and increased autophagy in the cells. In contrast, the results were reversed when the autophagy inhibitor, 3MA, was added to the cells treated with hsa-miRNA-6780-5p enriched exosomes, indicating that the decreased polyQ expression was modulated via autophagy. The SCA3 mice showed improved motor coordination behavior when they received intracranially injected exosomes enriched with hsa-miRNA-6780-5p. The SCA3 mouse cerebellum tissue having received hsa-miRNA6780-5p enriched exosomes also showed a decreased expression of polyQ and increased expression of autophagy marker. Conclusions Together, our findings provide an alternative therapeutic strategy for SCA3 disease treatment, using miRNA enriched exosomes derived from chemically pre-conditioned cells.
The Efficacy of Chemotherapy in Survival of Esophageal Cancer With Bone Metastasis: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of The SEER Database
Authors: chen junyuan , Li Jieruo , Mok Tsz-Ngai , Zhong Jiaquan , She Guorong , Wang Huajun , Wang Qiushi , Huan Songwei , Zha Zhengang , Luo Simin , Liu Ning 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

The esophageal cancer patients with bone metastasis present with an extremely poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to establish a comprehensive insight into whether chemotherapy is justifiably being prescribed to esophageal cancer patients with bone metastasis.
Methods

A population-based retrospective study was conducted with data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) national database. By performing 1:1 paired match propensity score matching (PSM), we minimized the baseline discrepancies between groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with survival. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were used to assess the effects of chemotherapy on survival.
Results

The final PSM cohort consisted of 730 patients, including 365 patients in the chemotherapy group and 365 patients in the non-chemotherapy group. There was a significant difference in overall survival (OS, p < 0.001) and cancer-specific survival (CSS, p < 0.001) between the two groups. The median OS time for the chemotherapy group was 9.8 (95% CI: 8.5–11.2) months, and it was decreased to 2.3 (95% CI 1.9–2.7) months in the non-chemotherapy group. Multivariate analysis confirmed that chemotherapy was an independent prognostic factor for OS (p < 0.001) and CSS (p < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis suggested that chemotherapy could significantly improve OS (p < 0.001) and CSS (p < 0.001) both in squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma subgroup. However, there was no significant difference in both OS (p = 0.291) and CSS (p = 0.651) between the two groups for stage Ⅰ esophageal carcinoma.
Conclusion

Chemotherapy significantly improved OS and CSS in esophageal cancer patients with bone metastasis. However, chemotherapy might not improve the prognosis of grade I esophageal cancer.
Non-BRCA1/BRCA2 High-Risk Familial Breast Cancers are Not Associated with a High Prevalence of BRCAness
Authors: Andersen Lars , Larsen Martin , Davies Helen , Degasperi Andrea , Nielsen Henriette , Kroeldrup Lone , Gerdes Anne-Marie , Lænkholm Anne-Vibeke , Kruse Torben , Nik-Zainal Serena , Thomassen Mads 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Familial breast cancer is in most cases unexplained due to the lack of identifiable pathogenic variants in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Using genome sequencing, we first noted for non-BRCA1/BRCA2 tumours, only a small proportion (3/23) demonstrated features of BRCAness, with high HRDetect scores and concomitant somatic BRCA1 mutation or promoter hypermethylation to explain their BRCAness. Second, a small proportion (4/23) showed no features of BRCAness but had mutationally active tumours. Third, the remaining tumours lacked features of BRCAness and were mutationally quiescent. Only few families could be explained by pathogenic germline variants in other genes or polygenic risk score.
Zinc L-Carnosine Inhibits The Secretion of Pro-Inflammatory HMGB1 Protein From Lipopolysaccharide-Induced RAW 264.7 Murine Macrophage
Authors: Ooi Theng Choon , Chan Kok Meng , Sharif Razinah 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Dysregulation in the secretion of high mobility group box 1(HMGB1) protein has been shown to modulate the progression of sepsis. Hence, the primary objective of this study is to explore the potential of zinc L-carnosine (ZnC) in inhibiting the secretion of HMGB1 from RAW 264.7 murine macrophages after induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Generally, RAW 264.7 cells were pretreated with ZnC (0–100 µM) for 2 hours before challenged with LPS (1 µg/mL). After 22 hours of LPS induction, RAW 264.7 cells pretreated with ZnC showed significantly higher intracellular HMGB1 protein levels in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that ZnC was capable to suppress the secretion of HMGB1 protein into the extracellular compartments. Besides, significant increment in intracellular free thiol level was also detected in ZnC pretreated cells. In addition, ZnC was demonstrated to inhibit the late phase NF-κB activation, but not the early phase NF-κB activation. Moreover, after induced with LPS for 30 minutes, pretreatment with ZnC was also demonstrated to increase the phosphorylated-Akt/Akt ratio in RAW 264.7 cells, indicating that the immunomodulatory effects of ZnC may associated with the Akt signaling pathway. In summary, ZnC can prevent the secretion of HMGB1 from RAW 264.7 cells and suppress the NF-κB activation after induction with LPS. Results from this present study propose that ZnC possesses good potential to be used in the management and treatment of sepsis by inhibiting the secretion of HMGB1 from immune cells.
Frequency of Confirmed Congenital Renal Malformations in Neonates with Antenatal Diagnosis of Renal Anomalies Presenting In Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Setting of a Low Income Country.
Authors: Siddique Qurat-Ul-Ain , JAMALI ABID , Fatima Sanober , Parkash Jai 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
INTRODUCTION:: Approximately 20 to 30% of all anomalies identified in the prenatal period are congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). Widespread antenatal screening has resulted in increased detection of anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tract. There are limited studies on the postnatal confirmation of these antenatally detected renal malformations. Moreover, there is no local data available in this regard. So, we conducted the study so that we can obtain local data as well as we can plan management and prevention protocols for such chronically, and sometimes critically, ill neonates. MATERIALS AND METHODS:: It was a cross-sectional study conducted at the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at the National Institute of Child Health, Karachi during 2017-2018. The sample size was 100 cases. The sampling technique was non-probability consecutive sampling. All neonates aged 1-28 days of either gender admitted in NICU with antenatal diagnosis of congenital renal anomalies on anomaly scan were included in the study. Preterm neonates (gestational age below 34 weeks) and neonates having siblings with similar congenital problems were excluded. RESULTS:: The mean age of the neonates in our study was 10.17 ±9.30 days and the mean gestational age at birth was 36.65 ±1.16 weeks. The majority of the neonates, that is 65%, were males while 35% were females. Sixty-six per cent (66%) neonates were ≤10 days of age while 34% were >10 days of age. Fifty five% of the neonates were ≤36 weeks of gestation at birth while 45% were >36 weeks of gestation at birth. Frequency of postnatally confirmed congenital renal malformation was observed in 78 (78%) neonates. Neonates whose age at presentation was >10 days were slightly more likely to have confirmed congenital renal malformation as compared to neonates with ≤10 days of age, which is 85.3 % vs 74.2 % (p-value 0.206). Males and females were found to have almost equal postnatally confirmed congenital renal malformations (78.5 % in males and 77.1% in females) (p-value 0.879). Postnatally confirmed congenital renal malformations were observed more commonly in neonates who were >36 weeks of gestational age (80%) as compared to those ≤36 weeks of gestational age (76.4%) (p-value 0.662). CONCLUSION::The frequency of confirmed congenital renal malformation was found higher in neonates presenting with antenatal diagnosis of renal anomalies presenting in the neonatal intensive care unit.
Association Between Bone-lead Concentration and Aggression in Youth From a Sub-cohort of the Birth to Twenty Cohort
Authors: Tlotleng Nonhlanhla , Naicker Nisha , Mathee Angela , Todd Andrew C. , Nkomo Palesa , Norris Shane A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background: An association between blood-lead levels and aggression has been demonstrated in children and adolescent youth in South Africa. However, there are limited studies that have assessed aggression as an outcome for cumulative lead exposure using bone-lead concentration. The aim of this study was to assess the association between bone-lead concentration and aggressive behaviour among a sample of the youth in South Africa. Methods: Bone lead in 100 participants (53 males and 47 females) recruited and followed in the Birth to Twenty (BT20) Cohort were measured using 109Cd-based, K-Shell X-ray Fluorescence (KXRF). The Buss-Perry Aggression questionnaire was used to measure aggressive behaviour. Linear regression models were fitted to determine the association between aggression score for physical, verbal, anger and hostility and bone lead, adjusting for known confounders. Results: The study participants were between the ages of 23 and 24 years. A one-microgram-per-gram increase in bone lead was found to increase the score for all four scales of aggression, but significantly only for anger (β=0.2 [95% CI 0.04-0.370]). Psychosocial factors such as a history of family violence and exposure to neighbourhood crime were found to be significant predictors for aggression. Conclusion: The study provides a preliminary overview of the relationship between cumulative lead exposure and behavioural problems such as aggression. A larger sample, across exposed communities, may prove more definitive in deciding whether further investigating this association could maximize generalizability. Such information could be crucial in the drafting of policies designed to combat crime associated with youth aggression in South Africa.
Social Innovation Model Based on Collaboration Between Government and NGOs in Covid-19 Crisis: Evidence from Iran
Authors: Moeenian Mehrnaz , Khamseh Abbas , Ghazavi Maziyar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Timely information and risk assessment in crises, can save people’s lives at risk in emergencies, providing effective, prompt, and coordinated interventions. In this context, the best and most effective way to attract social collaboration is through the combination of different ideas and forms of cooperation and creating a new approach to a social issue called social innovation. The present study seeks to identify the dimensions of social innovation based on the collaboration between government and NGOs in crises.Methods: This study is applied research in terms of purpose and qualitative research in terms of method, in which the Grounded Theory strategy has been used. The statistical population of the study is health experts from the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran. Exploratory analysis and MAXQDA 2020 software were used to identify the components of the model. By selecting and reviewing 68 research in-depth, the initial framework was prepared. Then, through a semi-structured interview with experts, the framework was adapted and reviewed.Results: Based on the analysis of the collected data, 39 open codes were extracted and the components of the social innovation model are identified as follows: the effectiveness of NGOs collaboration, as axial phenomenon; investment, to attract NGOs collaboration, as casual conditions; ability to manage the implementation of the social innovation plan and ability to network, as strategies; ability to policymaking overall social innovation plan and providing the necessary cultural and educational infrastructure, as contextual conditions; the existence of capable legal organizations to solve the executive problems of the plan and facilitate coordination, as intervening conditions and controlling, containing and reducing the effects of the crisis, as consequences.Conclusion: The research results, give policymakers a model for social innovation by involving NGOs, especially in times of crisis. Also, they can be used in government planning for social development.
Psychroserpens Luteus Sp. Nov., Isolated fFrom Red Algae
Authors: Ping Xiu-Ya , Wang Kai , Zhang Jin-Yu , Wang Shu-Xin , Du Zong-Jun , Mu Da-Shuai 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, gliding-motile, positive for catalase, facultative anaerobic, designated strain XSD401T, was isolated from the red algae of Xiaoshi Island, Shandong Province, China. Growth occurred at 20–37 °C (optimum, 33 °C), pH 5.5–9.5 (optimum, pH 6.5–7.5), and with 0.5–5% (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 3%). The main fatty acids are iso-C15:0, iso-C15:1 G, iso-C17:0 3-OH, iso-C15:0 3-OH, C16:0. Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), three unidentified aminolipids (AL1, AL2, AL3) and one unidentified lipid (L) were the major polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 33.9 mol%. Strain XSD401T had the highest sequence similarity (96.88%) to the 16S rRNA gene of Psychroserpens damuponensis KCTC 23539T. The similarities with Psychroserpens burtonensis DSM 12212T was 96.31%. The dDDH values between strain XSD401T and P. damuponensis KCTC 23539T, P. burtonensis DSM 12212T, were 20.40% and 20.30%, respectively. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between strain XSD401T and P. damuponensis KCTC 23539T, P. burtonensis DSM 12212T were 76.91%, 76.88%, respectively. The differences in morphology, physiology and genotype from the previously described taxa support the classification of strain XSD401T as a representative of a novel species of the genus Psychroserpens, for which the name Psychroserpens luteus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XSD401T (= MCCC 1H00396T = KCTC 72684T = JCM 33931T).
Safety and Tolerability of a 90-minute Infusion of Originator and Biosimilar Rituximab in Rituximab- Naïve Patients
Authors: Park Young Hoon , Mun Yeung-Chul , Lee Sewon , Kim Dae-Young 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the safety and tolerability of 90-min rapid infusion of rituximab, originator or biosimilar (Truxima), for rituximab-naïve patients with hematologic malignancy. We undertook a retrospective review of records of 118 patients (81 originator rituximab and 37 Truxima) with hematologic malignancy who had received rituximab rapid infusion from the first cycle of chemotherapy with corticosteroid premedication administration. Most patients had high Ann Arbor stage (80.9%), high International Prognostic Index risk (69.1%), favorable performance status (98.3%), and high lactate dehydrogenase level (78.8%). The patients received a collective total of 717 rapid rituximab infusions, with an average of 6 infusions per patient (range, 1-8). The incidence of infusion-related reactions (IRRs) of any grade and grade 3/4 during first infusion was 21.2% and 0.8%, respectively. No episode of grade 3/4 IRR was observed during the second and subsequent rituximab infusions. Severity and type of IRRs in Truxima administration were comparable to those of originator rituximab. This study suggests that 90-minute rituximab infusion with the first dose of chemotherapy was well tolerated. In terms of IRR, safety profiles of Truxima were comparable to that of originator rituximab, suggesting that Truxima might replace originator rituximab in a rapid infusion setting.
Frailty as a Predictor of Neurosurgical Outcomes in Brain Tumor Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhu Jinfeng , Xu Qiuning , Wang Fang , Yuan Ping , Ji Cuiling , Chen Lu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose The object of this study is to describe the existing evidence and completed the first systematic review meta-analysis between frailty and neurosurgical outcomes in brain tumor patients. The primary outcome is mortality and postoperative complications, the second outcomes including readmission rate, discharge disposition, length of stay (LOS) and hospitalization costs.Methods Seven English databases and four Chinese databases were searched to identify the neurosurgical outcomes and frailty among patients with brain tumor. With no restrictions on the publication period. According to the JBI manual for evidence synthesis and the PRISMA guidelines, two independent reviewers applied the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cohort studies, the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Cross-Sectional Studies to evaluate the methodological quality of each study.Results 13 papers included in the systematic review and prevalence of frailty ranged from 1.48% to 57%. Frailty is significantly associated with increased the risk of mortality (OR,1.63; CI,1.33-1.98; P＜0.001), postoperative complications (OR,1.48; CI,1.40-1.55; P＜0.001; I2=33%), non-routine discharge position than home (OR,1.72; CI,1.41-2.11; P＜0.001), prolonged LOS in brain tumor patients (OR=1.25; CI=1.09-1.43; P=0.001) and higher hospitalization costs in brain tumor patients. But Frailty was not independently associated with readmission (OR,0.99; CI,0.96-1.03; P =0.74)Conclusion Frailty is an independent predictor of mortality, postoperative complications, non-routine discharge position rate, LOS and hospitalization costs in brain tumor patients. Besides frailty has a significant potential role in risk stratification, preoperative shared decision-making and perioperative management.
Study On The Mechanism of Color Formation In The Skin of Ophiopogon Japonicas Fruit Via Integrative Analysis of Metabolome And Transcriptome
Authors: Gan Sichen , Zheng Gang , Gui Fangfang , Lu Danying , Liang Lijun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this study, the metabolome and transcriptome profiles of ophiopogon japonicas fruit during five stages were analyzed to understand the mechanisms for the formation of color in the skin. Results showed that twenty eight types of flavonoids existed in the skin of the fruit, of which twenty five were anthocyanins and three were flavonols. Among the twenty five kinds of anthocyanins, Delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside, Delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, Petunidin 3-O-rutinoside, Cyanidin 3-O-galactoside and Delphinidin 3-O-galactoside were the major constitutes of the metabolites. Delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside and Delphinidin 3-O-glucoside were discovered to be responsible for the blue color of fruit due to their high correlation with genes in the connection network, especially for Delphinidin 3-O-rutinoside, which was the highest in the amount and accumulated rapidly to 67.6% in the last three stages. Analyzing the results of co-expression network between genes and anthocyanins by means of weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), the biosynthesis genes of anthocyanin formed in the late stage were found to be F3’5’H, ANS and UFGT, and the regulatory gene was MYB, which determined the color change of O. japonicas fruit. The identification of key anthocyanins and dominant genes for blue skin of O. japonicas fruit has laid a theoretical basis for regulating the fruit pigmentation in ground cover plants.
Microwave photonic filters using optical to microwave frequency bandwidth translation with Kerr soliton crystal micro-combs
Authors: Moss David 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We demonstrate high-resolution photonic RF filters using an RF bandwidth scaling approach based on integrated Kerr optical micro-combs. By employing both an active nonlinear micro-ring resonator (MRR) as a high-quality micro-comb source and a passive high-Q MRR to slice the shaped comb, a large RF instantaneous bandwidth of 4.64 GHz and a high resolution of 117 MHz are achieved, together with a broad RF operation band covering 3.28 to 19.4 GHz (L to Ku bands) using thermal tuning. We achieve programmable RF transfer functions including binary-coded notch filters and RF equalizing filters with reconfigurable slopes. Our approach is an attractive solution for high performance RF spectral shaping with high performance and flexibility.