bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoarchitectonics of hyperbolic paraboloid 2D Graphene Oxide Membranes
Authors: Wang Qian , Trubyanov Maxim M. , Andreeva Daria V. , Novoselov Kostya S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHyperbolic paraboloid surfaces or saddle‐shaped materials can exist in two equilibrium shapes when the saddle shape reverses on itself and, therefore, can be used as structural elements of new stimuli‐responsive and shape‐changing materials. Here we propose a new fast and easy approach to the nanoarchitectonics of graphene oxide nanosheets to form curved interfaces. Our technology involves computer‐aid design, three dimensional (3D) printing, and casting curved templates for the assembly of two‐dimensional (2D) nanosheets. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach for the nanoarchitectonics of graphene oxide flakes, though it can be expanded to include the whole family of 2D materials. The prepared free‐standing saddle‐shaped graphene oxide membranes show highly ordered nanostructure, typical for flat 2D multilayered materials. We optimize the preparation conditions to construct robust two‐dimensional membranes with nanostructured architecture and controllable thickness and curvature.
A large-N expansion for minimum bias
Authors: Larkoski Andrew J. , Melia Tom 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Despite being the overwhelming majority of events produced in hadron or heavy ion collisions, minimum bias events do not enjoy a robust first-principles theoretical description as their dynamics are dominated by low-energy quantum chromodynamics. In this paper, we present a novel expansion scheme of the cross section for minimum bias events that exploits an ergodic hypothesis for particles in the events and events in an ensemble of data. We identify power counting rules and symmetries of minimum bias from which the form of the squared matrix element can be expanded in symmetric polynomials of the phase space coordinates. This expansion is entirely defined in terms of observable quantities, in contrast to models of heavy ion collisions that rely on unmeasurable quantities like the number of nucleons participating in the collision, or tunes of parton shower parameters to describe the underlying event in proton collisions. The expansion parameter that we identify from our power counting is the number of detected particles N and as N → ∞ the variance of the squared matrix element about its mean, constant value on phase space vanishes. With this expansion, we show that the transverse momentum distribution of particles takes a universal form that only depends on a single parameter, has a fractional dispersion relation, and agrees with data in its realm of validity. We show that the constraint of positivity of the squared matrix element requires that all azimuthal correlations vanish in the N → ∞ limit at fixed center-of-mass energy, as observed in data. The approach we follow allows for a unified treatment of small and large system collective behavior, being equally applicable to describe, e.g., elliptic flow in PbPb collisions and the “ridge” in pp collisions. We also briefly comment on power counting and symmetries for minimum bias events in other collider environments and show that a possible ridge in e+e− collisions is highly suppressed as a consequence of its symmetries.
Animal models of chemotherapy-induced cognitive decline in preclinical drug development
Authors: John Jeena , Kinra Manas , Mudgal Jayesh , Viswanatha G. L. , Nandakumar K. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Rationale
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI), chemobrain, and chemofog are the common terms for mental dysfunction in a cancer patient/survivor under the influence of chemotherapeutics. CICI is manifested as short/long term memory problems and delayed mental processing, which interferes with a person’s day-to-day activities. Understanding CICI mechanisms help in developing therapeutic interventions that may alleviate the disease condition. Animal models facilitate critical evaluation to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and form an integral part of verifying different treatment hypotheses and strategies.

Objectives
A methodical evaluation of scientific literature is required to understand cognitive changes associated with the use of chemotherapeutic agents in different preclinical studies. This review mainly emphasizes animal models developed with various chemotherapeutic agents individually and in combination, with their proposed mechanisms contributing to the cognitive dysfunction. This review also points toward the analysis of chemobrain in healthy animals to understand the mechanism of interventions in absence of tumor and in tumor-bearing animals to mimic human cancer conditions to screen potential drug candidates against chemobrain.

Results
Substantial memory deficit as a result of commonly used chemotherapeutic agents was evidenced in healthy and tumor-bearing animals. Spatial and episodic cognitive impairments, alterations in neurotrophins, oxidative and inflammatory markers, and changes in long-term potentiation were commonly observed changes in different animal models irrespective of the chemotherapeutic agent.

Conclusion
Dyscognition exists as one of the serious side effects of cancer chemotherapy. Due to differing mechanisms of chemotherapeutic agents with differing tendencies to alter behavioral and biochemical parameters, chemotherapy may present a significant risk in resulting memory impairments in healthy as well as tumor-bearing animals.
Yeast-based reference materials for quantitative metabolomics
Authors: Wasito Hendri , Hermann Gerrit , Fitz Veronika , Troyer Christina , Hann Stephan , Koellensperger Gunda 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We introduce a new concept of yeast-derived biological matrix reference material for metabolomics research relying on in vivo synthesis of a defined biomass, standardized extraction followed by absolute quantification with isotope dilution. The yeast Pichia pastoris was grown using full control- and online monitoring fed-batch fermentations followed by fast cold methanol quenching and boiling ethanol extraction. Dried extracts served for the quantification campaign. A metabolite panel of the evolutionarily conserved primary metabolome (amino acids, nucleotides, organic acids, and metabolites of the central carbon metabolism) was absolutely quantified by isotope dilution utilizing uniformly labeled 13C-yeast-based internal standards. The study involved two independent laboratories employing complementary mass spectrometry platforms, namely hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HILIC-HRMS) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS). Homogeneity, stability tests (on a panel of >70 metabolites over a period of 6 months), and excellent biological repeatability of independent fermentations over a period of 2 years showed the feasibility of producing biological reference materials on demand. The obtained control ranges proved to be fit for purpose as they were either superior or comparable to the established reference materials in the field.
Non-invasive brain stimulation as therapy: systematic review and recommendations with a focus on the treatment of Tourette syndrome
Authors: Dyke Katherine , Jackson Georgina , Jackson Stephen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by tics, which are stereotyped movements and/or vocalisations. Tics often cause difficulties in daily life and many with TS express a desire to reduce and/or gain control over them. No singular effective treatment exists for TS, and while pharmacological and behavioural interventions can be effective, the results are variable, and issues relating to access, availability and side effects can be barriers to treatment. Consequently, over the past decade, there has been increasing interest into the potential benefits of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) approaches. This systematic review highlights work exploring NIBS as a potential treatment for TS. On balance, the results tentatively suggest that multiple sessions of stimulation applied over the supplementary motor area (SMA) may help to reduce tics. However, a number of methodological and theoretical issues limit the strength of this conclusion, with the most problematic being the lack of large-scale sham-controlled studies. In this review, methodological and theoretical issues are discussed, unanswered questions highlighted and suggestions for future work put forward.
Comparison of avascular lymph node fragment transplantation techniques to optimize lymphangiogenesis in the minipig model
Authors: Hadamitzky Catarina , Bruns Frank , Gratz Klaus-Friedrich , Schindewolffs Lia , Roth Katrin S. , Werner Martin , Gordon Kristiana , Vogt Peter M. , Pabst Reinhard 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Secondary lymphoedema is a challenging pandemic. This condition may arise after oncologic resection of tumor-draining lymph nodes and/or radiation. Plastic-surgical procedures for lymphoedema comprise transplantation of vascularized lymph node flaps, which are, however, technically challenging and difficult to implement on a global level due to the scarcity of microsurgery facilities in some countries. To improve this situation, comparative research in valid animal models is needed.

Methods
A total of 33 minipigs were subjected to lymphatic resection in the hind limbs. This large animal model was used in a first phase to compare different lymph node fragmentation methods and assess lymphatic regeneration after avascular transplantation. In a second phase, several stimulants were tested for their effect on lymphatic regeneration after fragment transplantation. In a third phase, animals additionally received irradiation of the groin. In this novel animal model, autologous avascular lymph node fragment transplantation was complemented by peripheral injections of vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C). Finally, regeneration rates were quantified in relative numbers (percentage) in the irradiated tissue.

Results
In the first phase, transversal lymph node fragmentation under preservation of the nodal capsule showed the best percentage of regeneration (62.5%). Peripheral intradermal administration of VEGF-C enhanced lymph node fragment regeneration (70.8%) better than injections of tetanus toxoid (41.6%) or Streptococcus suis (62.5%). Lymph node fragment regeneration also occurred in an irradiated porcine model of lymphadenectomy under VEGF-C administration (66.6%).

Conclusions
The present findings provide a pre-clinical proof-of-concept for a possible simplification strategy for current operative procedures of autologous lymph node transplantation.
Level of evidence : Not gradable
Risk of post-operative cardiovascular event in elderly patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease who are undergoing hip fracture surgery
Authors: Luo Yan , Jiang Yu , Xu Hongli , Lyu Houchen , Zhang Licheng , Yin Pengbin , Tang Peifu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the association between pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the risk of developing post-operative cardiovascular event among elderly patients who underwent hip fracture surgery.

Methods
We performed an observational study among patients with acute hip fracture aged at least 65 years and who received surgical intervention. Hip fracture patients with pre-existing CVD were matched for age, gender, fracture type, and year of admission with patients without pre-existing CVD. The primary endpoint was post-operative cardiovascular events, and patients were followed until discharge from hospital. Conditional logistic regression was used to determine the association between pre-existing CVD and post-operative cardiovascular event after adjusting for potential confounders including age, body mass index, time from fracture to surgery, pre-existing comorbidities, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI).

Results
The study matched 858 pairs of patients with and without pre-existing CVD. Post-operative cardiovascular events developed in 40 and 14 patients with and without pre-existing CVD (44.6 versus 16.3 per 1000 persons), respectively. Compared to patients without pre-existing CVD, patients with any pre-existing CVD were more likely to develop post-operative cardiovascular events, with a crude odds ratio (OR) of 2.857 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.554 to 5.251] and multivariable adjusted OR of 2.850 (95% CI, 1.318 to 7.139), respectively.

Conclusion
In elderly patients who received hip fracture surgery, patients with pre-existing CVD are at a higher risk of developing post-operative cardiovascular events. Appropriate screening for this vulnerable population is recommended to prevent the risk of post-operative complications.
Vibration as a pitfall in pyrosequencing analyses
Authors: Konrad Helen , Schäfer Laura , Sturm Hannah , Hördt Lena , Bajanowski Thomas , Poetsch Micaela 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSince methylation analysis has become an important tool in forensic genetics, the reliability and credibility of the method must be ensured. After a successful validation and establishment of several pyrosequencing assays using a PyroMark® Q48 Autoprep instrument (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), we decided to expand the method further purchasing a second instrument. But after initializing this second instrument side by side with the first, the majority of analyses failed (97 samples of 133 samples (73%)). The number of error messages increased rapidly and the average RFU values decreased. After purchasing two anti-vibration weighing tables for the PyroMark® instruments and repeating the analyses under the same conditions and with identical samples the results improved considerably, 115 samples of 130 samples (88%) showed successful and reproducible results. These findings demonstrate the impact of vibrations and percussions on PyroMark® Q48 Autoprep performance and the reliability of methylation analyses.
Pro-inflammatory activation changes intracellular transport of bevacizumab in the retinal pigment epithelium in vitro
Authors: Hildebrandt Julia , Käckenmeister Tom , Winkelmann Katrin , Dörschmann Philipp , Roider Johann , Klettner Alexa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Purpose
Bevacizumab is taken up and transported through the retinal pigment epithelium. Inflammatory signaling may influence this interaction. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of pro-inflammatory stimuli on the uptake, intracellular localization, and transepithelial transport of bevacizumab.

Methods
ARPE-19 cell line or primary porcine RPE cells were treated with clinical relevant concentrations of bevacizumab (250 µg/ml). Pro-inflammatory signaling was induced by TLR-3 agonist polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C). Viability was investigated with MTT and trypan-blue exclusion assay, and cell number, uptake, and intracellular localization were investigated with immunofluorescence, investigating also actin filaments, the motor protein myosin 7a and lysosomes. Immunofluorescence signals were quantified. Intracellular bevacizumab was additionally detected in Western blot. Barrier function was investigated with transepithelial resistant measurements (TER). The transepithelial transport of bevacizumab and its influence on cytokine (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNFα) secretion was investigated with ELISA.

Results
Poly I:C in combination with bevacizumab reduced the viability of the cells. Treatment with Poly I:C reduced the uptake of bevacizumab, changed the intensity of the actin filaments, and reduced the colocalization with myosin 7a. In addition, Poly I:C reduced the capacity of RPE cells to transport bevacizumab over the barrier. In addition, bevacizumab reduced the secretion of IL-8 and TNFα after Poly I:C stimulation at selected time points.

Conclusions
Pro-inflammatory activation of RPE cells with TLR-3 agonist Poly I:C changes the interaction of RPE cells with the anti-VEGF compound bevacizumab, reducing its uptake and transport. On the other hand, bevacizumab might influence pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Our data indicate that inflammation may influence the pharmacokinetic of bevacizumab in the retina.
Effects of low-level light therapy on dentin hypersensitivity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shan Zhiyi , Ji Juanjuan , McGrath Colman , Gu Min , Yang Yanqi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective

To investigate the treatment efficacy of low-level light therapy on dentin hypersensitivity.

Materials and methods
Following the PRISMA guideline, six electronic databases supplemented with bibliographies were searched till December 2020. Two reviewers performed the screenings independently with a reliability assessment. Studies fulfilling the pre-registered eligibility criteria were included for risk-of-bias assessment and data synthesis.

Results
Thirty-five articles ultimately informed this systematic review based on the eligibility criteria and underwent risk-of-bias assessment (ĸ = 0.86). Quantitative results were deduced by meta-analysis of 20 randomised controlled trials: LLLT showed favourable outcomes compared to placebos for immediate (SMD: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.47 to 1.70), interim (SMD: 1.32, 95% CI: 0.41 to 2.23), and persistent efficacies (SMD: 2.86, 95% CI: 1.98 to 3.74). However, substantial heterogeneity existed among included studies (I2: 64–95%). Regarding comparisons with other desensitising strategies, LLLT showed no significant benefits in DH alleviation over others except fluorides for interim efficacy (SMD: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.10 to 0.52) and persistent efficacy (SMD: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.86).

Conclusions
This systematic review shows that LLLT has positive immediate, interim, and persistent DH-treatment efficacies compared with placebo. No superior treatment effects of LLLT were observed except fluoride agent use. Further studies are warranted—RCTs with low risk of bias, consistent technical settings, comprehensive assessments, and long follow-up periods.

Clinical relevance
This systematic review bridges a critical research gap by analysing clinical evidence in the DH-alleviating efficacy of LLLT in comparison with placebo and other in-office desensitising strategies.
Analysis of Tensor Approximation Schemes for Continuous Functions
Authors: Griebel Michael , Harbrecht Helmut 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this article, we analyze tensor approximation schemes for continuous functions. We assume that the function to be approximated lies in an isotropic Sobolev space and discuss the cost when approximating this function in the continuous analogue of the Tucker tensor format or of the tensor train format. We especially show that the cost of both approximations are dimension-robust when the Sobolev space under consideration provides appropriate dimension weights.
Holistic data-driven requirements elicitation in the big data era
Authors: Henriksson Aron , Zdravkovic Jelena 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDigital transformation stimulates continuous generation of large amounts of digital data, both in organizations and in society at large. As a consequence, there have been growing efforts in the Requirements Engineering community to consider digital data as sources for requirements acquisition, in addition to human stakeholders. The volume, velocity and variety of the data make requirements discovery increasingly dynamic, but also unstructured and complex, which current elicitation methods are unable to consider and manage in a systematic and efficient manner. We propose a framework, in the form of a conceptual metamodel and a method, for continuous and automated acquisition, analysis and aggregation of heterogeneous digital sources that aims to support data-driven requirements elicitation and management. The usability of the framework is partially validated by an in-depth case study from the business sector of video game development.
DISCO PAL: Diachronic Spanish sonnet corpus with psychological and affective labels
Authors: Barbado Alberto , Fresno Víctor , Riesco Ángeles Manjarrés , Ros Salvador 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNowadays, there are many applications of text mining over corpora from different languages. However, most of them are based on texts in prose, lacking applications that work with poetry texts. An example of an application of text mining in poetry is the usage of features derived from their individual words in order to capture the lexical, sublexical and interlexical meaning, and infer the General Affective Meaning (GAM) of the text. However, even though this proposal has been proved as useful for poetry in some languages, there is a lack of studies for both Spanish poetry and for highly-structured poetic compositions such as sonnets. This article presents a study over an annotated corpus of Spanish sonnets, in order to analyse if it is possible to build features from their individual words for predicting their GAM. The purpose of this is to model sonnets at an affective level. The article also analyses the relationship between the GAM of the sonnets and the content itself. For this, we consider the content from a psychological perspective, identifying with tags when a sonnet is related to a specific term. Then, we study how GAM changes according to each of those psychological terms. The corpus used contains 274 Spanish sonnets from authors of different centuries, from fifteenth to nineteenth. This corpus was annotated by different domain experts. The experts annotated the poems with affective and lexico-semantic features, as well as with domain concepts that belong to psychology. Thanks to this, the corpus of sonnets can be used in different applications, such as poetry recommender systems, personality text mining studies of the authors, or the usage of poetry for therapeutic purposes.
A Biographical Perspective on Processes of Radicalisation
Authors: Meier Jana , Bögelein Nicole , Neubacher Frank 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article reconstructs four ideal types of biographical self-descriptions outlining radicalisation processes that are based on longitudinal biographical interviews conducted with male (former) right-wing extremists. In the first self-description, the biographers explain how they were born into radicalised families whose ideological norms and values they adopted without question. The second self-description outlines how the biographers’ actions were guided by a longing for stability and community. Initially, ideology plays a tangential role, with involvement inKameradschaftenand violence providing key momentum. In the third self-description, biographers refer to their German heritage and glorify National Socialism. They see themselves as guardians of the German Volk, and partly resort to violence to defend this idea. The fourth self-description outlines engagement with right-wing extremism as an outlet for frustrations with social discrimination. During our analysis, we examine whether any of these ideal types also correspond to self-descriptions given by Islamists, concluding that the latter do indeed describe their pathways into radicalisation in a similar manner.