bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nothorhytisma nahuelitae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Minter D. W. , Cannon P. F. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Nothorhytisma nahuelitae
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Tarspot disease of southern beech. The symptoms and life cycle seem remarkably similar to those of
Rhytisma acerinum
. No serious damage seems to be done to infected trees. Like many South American members of the genus,
Nothofagus pumilio
is a deciduous tree. Unless the fungus is systemic, therefore, it seems likely that its life-cycle begins with the colonization of young leaves by air-dispersed ascospores in spring. Nothing is known of the appearance of young colonies, but stromata form during the summer and are followed by the conidial state in late summer. Ascomata form during winter on the dead fallen leaves, ripening during spring. The speed of development, and the stages during ripening are not known, but it is possible that the variability observed in the anatomy of ascomata before ascus production - the presence or absence of the extra layer above the lower wall - may represent two different points in the ripening process. HOSTS:
Nothofagus pumilio
(dead fallen leaf, living leaf). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Chile. TRANSMISSION: Presumably by air-borne ascospores released in humid conditions. The internal anatomy of the ascoma, and particularly the presence of mucus around the paraphyses, and the complex tissues at the periphery of the hymenium indicate that ascomata are likely to be able to shut again after the initial opening if conditions become dry, with the dark covering layer providing protection from uv light and desiccation. The widely-exposed hymenium suggests that ascospores are released by violent discharge, and are air-dispersed, probably in wet weather, following an increase in pressure within the ascoma generally and the ascus in particular, as a result of water uptake by the mucus around the paraphyses. Being colourless, thin-walled and without an obvious mucous sheath, the ascospores probably have little protection from UV light and desiccation after leaving the ascus (SHERWOOD 1981), and so are probably short-lived. Conidia may be water-dispersed.
Leptoxyphium axillatum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Rodríguez Hernández M. , Minter D. W. , Castañeda RuÍz R. F. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Leptoxyphium axillatum
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE:
Leptoxyphium axillatum
is a typical component of sooty moulds on a wide host range. It is therefore associated with scale insect attack and honey-dew, but it is not a real disease. It may be found with other related sooty moulds species like
Microxyphium
spp. (
Polychaeton sensu
HUGHES, 1976). HOSTS: Associated with many different fungi (including
Capnodendron trichomericola, Chaetasbolisia microglobulosa, Microxyphium columnatum, Microxyphium
sp.,
Nigrospora sphaerica, Penicillium
sp.,
Phragmocapnias betle, Podoxyphium
sp.,
Tetraploa aristata, Trichomerium grandisporum, Tripospermum roupalae
) on the following plants:
Catalpa cordifolia, Kigelia pinnata
(
Bignoniaceae
),
Argyreia speciosa
(
Convolvulaceae
),
Panicum maximum, Saccharum
sp.,
Zea mays
(
Gramineae
),
Hibiscus elatus, H. rosa-sinensis
(
Malvaceae
),
Calyptranthes
sp. (
Myrtaceae
),
Coccothrinax yuraguana, Coccothrinax
sp. (
Palmae
),
Balsamocitrus paniculata, Citrus aurantium, C. limon, C. paradisi, Citrus
sp. (
Rutaceae
),
Tectona grandis
(
Verbenaceae
),
Microcycas calocoma
(
Zamiaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: NORTH AMERICA: USA (BATISTA & CIFERRI, 1963). Central America: Cuba (RODRÍGUEZ, 1985). SOUTH AMERICA: Brazil. Asia: India, Japan, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam (HUGHES, 1976). TRANSMISSION: By air-borne conidia.
Puccinia eremuri
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Tykhonenko Yu. Ya. , Minter D. W. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Puccinia eremuri
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Rust of
Eremurus
species only. HOSTS:
Eremurus aitchisonii, E. altaicus, E. ambigens, E. anisopterus, E. bactrianus, E. brachystemon, E. comosus, E. fuscus, E. inderiensis, E. kaufmannii, E. korshinskyi, E. olgae, E. persicus, E. regelii, E. robustus, E. roseolus, E. spectabilis, E. stenophyllus, E. tianschanicus
(
Liliaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: ASIA: Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, India, Iran, Israel, Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, Pakistan, Tadzhikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. EUROPE: Russia (Rostov), Ukraine. TRANSMISSION: No detailed studies have been reported; teliospores are presumably dispersed by air currents and then germinate to produce basidia with basidiospores, which re-infect the host plants; the fungus might also survive in roots and bulbs of the infected plant.
Puccinia falcariae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Tykhonenko Yu. Ya. , Minter D. W. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Puccinia falcariae
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Rust of
Falcaria
species only. HOSTS:
Falcaria vulgaris
(
Umbelliferae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: [North Africa]. ASIA: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Republic of Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia (Altai krai), Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Lithuania, Portugal, Romania, Russia (Bashkir Republic, Krasnodar krai, Kursk, Orenburg, Rostov, Samara, Saratov, Stavropol krai, Tatar Republic, Voronezh), Ukraine. TRANSMISSION: The fungus survives in rhizomes of the infected plant and the next spring spreads up causing systemic infection of the new season's leaves and stems; aeciospores are disseminated by air currents; teliospores are rare and their role in disease transmission is unknown.
Puccinia prostii
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Tykhonenko Yu. Ya. , Minter D. W. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Puccinia prostii
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Rust of
Tulipa
species only. HOSTS:
Tulipa australis, T. biebersteiniana, T. florenskyi, T. julia, T. quercetorum, T. schmidtii, T. sylvestris, T. wilsoniana
(
Liliaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: [North Africa]. ASIA: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Pakistan, Palestine. EUROPE: France, Great Britain, Greece, Italy, Romania, Ukraine, former Yugoslavia. TRANSMISSION: No detailed studies have been reported; teliospores are presumably dispersed by air currents and then germinate to produce basidia with basidiospores, which re-infect the host plants; the fungus might also survive in bulbs of the infected plant.
Puccinia singularis
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Tykhonenko Yu. Ya. , Minter D. W. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Puccinia singularis
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Rust of
Anemone
species only. HOSTS:
Anemone altaica, A. ranunculoides
(
Ranunculaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: ASIA: Japan. EUROPE: Austria, Denmark. Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Latvia, Poland, Romania, Russia (Leningrad, Samara, Tatar Republic, Voronezh, Yekaterinburg), Serbia, Spain, Ukraine. TRANSMISSION: No detailed studies have been reported: teliospores are presumably dispersed by air currents and then germinate to produce basidia with basidiospores, which re-infect the host plants; the fungus might also survive in rhizomes of the host plant.
Puccinia tulipae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Tykhonenko Yu. Ya. , Minter D. W. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Puccinia tulipae
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Rust of
Tulipa
species only. HOSTS:
Tulipa alberti, T. biflora, T. graniticola, T. ingens, T. kolpakovskiana, T. lanata, T. micheliana, T. ostrovskiana, T. praestans, T. schrenkii
(
Liliaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: ASIA: Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. EUROPE: Austria, Bulgaria, Germany, Italy, Russia (Astrakhan, Rostov), Ukraine. TRANSMISSION: No detailed studies have been reported; teliospores are presumably dispersed by air currents and then germinate to produce basidia with basidiospores, which re-infect the host plants; the fungus might also survive in bulbs of the infected plant.
Uromyces valerianae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Tykhonenko Yu. Ya. , Minter D. W. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Uromyces valerianae
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Rust of
Valeriana
species only. HOSTS:
Valeriana alliarifolia, V. dioica, V. dubia, V. officinalis, V. sambucifolia, V. sisymbriifolia, V. stolonifera, V. transsylvanica
(
Valerianaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: [North Africa], South Africa. ASIA: Azerbaijan, Republic of Georgia. EUROPE: Belarus, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia (Vyatka), Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine. TRANSMISSION: Aeciospores and urediniospores are disseminated by air currents; teliospores germinate after hibernation to produce basidia with basidiospores, which re-infect the host plants.
Phoma nebulosa
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Kinsey G. C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Phoma nebulosa
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Generally considered a common soil-borne saprobe. It is often isolated from roots and rhizosphere soil such as reported in a study on soil sickness from a
Citrus
orchard (65, 4936). Also reported from seeds of
Sesamum indicum
(62, 1147; 68, 4885), as a post-harvest pathogen of
Ziziphus mauritiana
(73, 7307) and as causing disease of
Spinacea oleracea
(74, 5004). HOSTS: Plurivorous. On and from
Abelmoschus, Acalypha, Acer negundo, Allium cepa, Althaea rosea, Amaranthus, Anarcardium, Arabis, Arachis, Arceuthobium, Artemisia, Bambusa, Begonia, Beta, Borassus, Brassica, Camellia, Cannabis sativa, Capsicum, Carica, Chamaecyparis, Chrysanthemum, Cicer, Citrullus, Citrus, Clematis, Cordyline, Conium, Cotoneaster, Daucus, Dianthus, Dracaena, Durio, Eschscholzia, Eucalyptus, Eugenia, Eutrema, Fragaria, Galium, Glichenia, Glycine, Gmelina, Gossypium, Helianthus, Hibiscus, Humulus, Impatiens, Lagenaria, Lamium
sp.,
Limonium, Magnolia, Mercurialis perennis, Momordica, Murraya, Onobrychis viciifolia, Opuntia, Paeonia
sp. (BOEREMA
et al.
, 1996),
Pastinaca, Persea, Petroselinum sativa, Philodendron, Phoenix, Phlox, Pinus, Populus, Rubus, Sarcolobus, Scrophularia, Sesamum indicum, Solanum, Spinacea oleracea, Tectona, Thalictrum, Theobroma, Thymus, Trichosanthes, Triticum, Urena, Urtica dioica
(on which it is very common,
fide
BOEREMA, 1976),
Wasabia
and
Ziziphus mauritiana
. Also from soil, plant litter, rotten fruit and vegetables, water, air, dog hair, sclerotia of
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
and human sources. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread. AFRICA: Egypt, Nigeria, Senegal. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. CENTRAL AMERICA: Honduras, Jamaica, Trinidad & Tobago, West Indies. SOUTH AMERICA: Brazil. ANTARCTICA. ASIA: Burma, India, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Thailand. AUSTRALASIA: Australia, New Zealand. EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands. TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne, but little else is known of other possible vectors.
Phoma pinodella
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Kinsey G. C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Phoma pinodella
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: A pathogen contributory to causing (spring/summer) black stem of legumes (mainly
Pisum
and
Trifolium
), involving foot rot, leaf spots and stem lesions. Also opportunistically pathogenic on many other host plants. HOSTS: On leaves, stems, roots and seeds of a wide range of plants and other substrata. The main hosts are
Pisum
(pea) and
Trifolium
(clover) but also recorded on other
Papilionaceae
including
Arachis, Cicer, Glycine, Lathyrus, Lens, Lupinus, Medicago, Phaseolus, Vicia
and Vigna. Non-leguminous host plants include
Beta, Casuarina, Coffea, Galanthus, Gossypium, Hordeum, Lactuca, Oryza, Petroselinum, Phlox, Triticum
and
Zinnia
. Also reported from soil, hay and straw; however, many records require verification. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Nigeria, Tanzania. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina, Chile. ASIA: Bangladesh, India, Iraq, Syria. AUSTRALASIA: Australia, New Zealand. EUROPE: Denmark, Germany, Great Britain, Ireland, Netherlands, Poland, Russian Federation, Sweden. Widespread, particularly in temperate regions. Thought to be of American origin (BOEREMA
et al.
, 1993). TRANSMISSION: Plants are infected from seed or by rainsplash-dispersed conidia or from persistent fungal inoculum present on plant debris in the soil. The recent report of a teleomorphic state for this fungus raises the possibility that wind dispersal may also be involved (BOWEN
et al.
, 1997). Cool, moist conditions favour infection but it is suppressed by warm weather.
Phoma putaminum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Kinsey G. C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Phoma putaminum
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Generally considered a soil-borne saprobe, but it may act as an opportunistic parasite on roots, also reported as causing fruit rot of
Phyllanthus
(61, 4269), leaf necrosis on
Erigeron annuus
(75, 3444) and isolated from seeds of
Dahlia
(65, 5559). HOSTS: Plurivorous, genera include
Achras, Alnus, Artabotrys, Bambusa, Buxus, Calluna, Chrysanthemum, Citrullus, Convallaria, Convolvulus, Cyperus, Dahlia, Erigeron, Ficus, Gladiolus, Heliotropium, Hibiscus, Lycospersicon, Madhuca, Malus, Medicago, Musa, Phyllanthus, Pinus, Quercus, Sansevieria
(64, 3865; 70, 2104),
Schlumbergera, Sesbania, Solanum, Theobroma, Ulmus, Vandellia, Vitis
and
Ziziphus
. Also isolated from soil, leaf litter, wood, air, sewage, marine driftwood, fibreglass and human sources. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Nigeria. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA. SOUTH AMERICA: Venezuela. ASIA: Burma, India, Kuwait, Malaysia. AUSTRALASIA: Australia. EUROPE: Great Britain, Italy, Netherlands. TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne, but little else is known of other possible vectors.
Phoma radicina
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Kinsey G. C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Phoma radicina
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Little information available, probably a soil-borne saprobe and opportunistic pathogen. HOSTS: Plurivorous. From roots of
Fragaria, Lycopersicon, Prunus
and
Secale
, rhizomes of
Iris
, stems of
Malus
and
Cirsium
. Also from soil, municipal compost, margarine and from young surface-sterilized cysts of the nematode
Heterodera glycines
from root surfaces of
Glycine max
(BOEREMA & DORENBOSCH, 1979; MORGAN-JONES & WHITE, 1985). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread. NORTH AMERICA. AUSTRALASIA: Australia. EUROPE. TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne, but little else is known of other possible vectors.
Fusicladium caricinum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Schubert K. , Braun U. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Fusicladium caricinum
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot. HOSTS: Species of
Carex
(
Cyperaceae
), including
C. acutiformis, C. riparia
and
C. vesicaria
. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: EUROPE: Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Latvia. TRANSMISSION: Possibly by airborne conidia.
Fusicladium convolvularum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Schubert K. , Braun U. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Fusicladium convolvularum
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot. HOSTS: Species of
Calystegia
and
Convolvulus
(
Convolvulaceae
), including
Calystegia sepium
,
C. soldanella
and
Convolvulus arvensis
. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AUSTRALASIA: New Zealand. EUROPE: Czech Republic, Great Britain. TRANSMISSION: Presumably by airborne conidia.
Fusicladium romellianum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Schubert K. , Braun U. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Fusicladium romellianum
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot. HOSTS: Species of
Populus
(
Salicaceae
), including
P. alba, P. cataracti, P. deltoides, P. grandidentata
,
P. tremuloides
and
P. trichocarpa
. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: ASIA: India, Kazakhstan. NORTH AMERICA: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Northwest Territories, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan), USA (Alaska, Colorado, Utah, Wisconsin). EUROPE: Denmark, Finland, Latvia, Sweden. TRANSMISSION: By airborne conidia.
Fusicladium scillae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Braun U. , Schubert K. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Fusicladium scillae
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot. HOST:
Scilla peruviana
(
Liliaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AUSTRALASIA: New Zealand. TRANSMISSION: Presumably by airborne conidia.
Fusicladium subsessile
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Schubert K. , Braun U. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Fusicladium subsessile
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Leaf spot. HOST:
Populus deltoides
subsp.
monilifera
(
Salicaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: NORTH AMERICA: USA (Kansas). TRANSMISSION: Presumably by airborne conidia.
Rhamphospora nymphaeae
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Pérez J. M. , Hernández M. Rodríguez , Piepenbring M. , Minter D. W. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Rhamphospora nymphaeae
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE:
Rhamphospora nymphaeae
causes necrotic zones in leaves of affected plants. HOSTS:
Nymphaea advena, N. alba, N. ampla, N. marliacea
var.
chromatella
cult.,
N. marliacea
var.
rosea
cult.,
N. odorata, N. reniformis, N. stellata, N. tetragoni
and
N
.
tuberosa
(
Nymphaeaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide. NORTH AMERICA: Canada (British Columbia, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec), USA (Connecticut, District of Columbia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Wisconsin). CENTRAL AMERICA: Costa Rica, Cuba. ASIA: China, India (West Bengal). AUSTRALASIA: New Zealand. EUROPE: Finland, France, Germany, Romania, Switzerland, UK (VÁNKY, 1994). TRANSMISSION: The ramified basidiospores of
Rhamphospora nymphaeae
have enlarged surfaces, which are probably advantageous for dispersal in water (PIEPENBRING
et al.
, 1998).
Sporisorium culmiperdum
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Pérez J. M. , Hernández M. Rodríguez , Minter D. W. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Sporisorium culmiperdum
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: In infected plants inflorescences are replaced by sori. HOSTS:
Andropogon bicornis
and
A. glomeratus
(
Poaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: NORTH AMERICA: Mexico. CENTRAL AMERICA: Costa Rica, Cuba. SOUTH AMERICA: Brazil. TRANSMISSION: Probably by air-borne teliospores. Wind is the most common dispersal mode of smut teliospores.
Sporisorium paspali-notati
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Pérez J. M. , Hernández M. Rodríguez , Piepenbring M. , Minter D. W. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Sporisorium paspali-notati
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Spikelet development is prevented in infected plants. HOSTS:
Paspalum dilatatum
,
P. notatum, P. plicatulum
,
P. proliferum, P. urvillei
and
P. vaginatum
(
Poaceae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: NORTH AMERICA: Mexico. CENTRAL AMERICA: Cuba, Trinidad & Tobago. SOUTH AMERICA: Brazil. TRANSMISSION: Probably by air-borne teliospores. Wind is the most common dispersal mode of smut teliospores.
Sporisorium sorghi
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Pérez J. M. , Hernández M. Rodríguez , Piepenbring M. , Minter D. W. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Sporisorium sorghi
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Covered smut or covered kernel smut of sorghum. Development of functional ovaries and anthers is prevented in infected parts of the plants. HOSTS:
Panicum miliaceum
,
Sorghum bicolor, S. dochna, S. halepense, S. plumosum, S. sudanense
and
S. vulgare
(
Poaceae
). This species has also been recorded from
Ischaemum ciliare
(VISWANATHAN
et al.
, 2000). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide, see
CMI Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases
No. 220, edn 4 (1987). In addition it has been recorded from AFRICA: Mauritania (FRISON & SADIO, 1987). CENTRAL AMERICA: Nevis. TRANSMISSION: In addition to dissemination on infected seed, there is evidence that this species can also be spread by air-borne chlamydospores (SHENOI & RAMALINGAM, 1976).
Leptosphaeria lupinicola
. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Authors: UK, CAB International  , Chen Chi-yu , David J. C. , Hsieh W. H. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

A description is provided for
Leptosphaeria lupinicola
. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: On dead herbaceous stems. HOSTS:
Lupinus
(
Leguminosae
). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: NORTH AMERICA: USA (California, Colorado). TRANSMISSION: Ascospores are dispersed by wind and rain-splash; the fungus presumably overwinters on dead host tissue and the ascospores are dispersed in the next favourable season.