bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forensic engineering
Authors: Zarei Manizhe , Bozorg-Haddad Omid , Singh Vijay P. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Throughout history, natural events such as floods, droughts, fires, lightning, and storms have caused significant losses of life and property. To mitigate the hazardous consequences of such events, or ‘failures’ (as they are referred to), a number of questions can be asked, such as: ‘What are the causes of these events?’; ‘What natural factors cause these events?’; ‘What is the human role in the occurrence of these events?’; ‘Who is to blame for such events?’; and ‘What actions should be taken to prevent such events from happening?’ The forensic engineering approach allows us to answer these questions. Forensic engineering, a term developed in recent years, allows us to identify the causes of events by looking back and analyzing the relationship between an event's causes and their consequences; it is a useful tool for determining the natural or human causes of events that lead to disasters. Forensic hydrology is a branch of forensic engineering and applies directly to floods and droughts but is not limited to these events. Forensic hydrology is also used for the historical assessment and analysis of events such as water pollution, drying of lakes and rivers, the drying up (or significant reduction in the water table) of wells, and the infiltration of saline water into freshwater. Forensic hydrology analyzes event evidence and data from a variety of perspectives. Examining the origins and mechanisms of such events to find their causes can lead to better water management, allocation and improved use, and can also help to prevent or minimize severe damage. This chapter provides an introduction to forensic engineering and describes the processes which should be followed to evaluate hazardous events.
Construction and Optimization of Herpes Simplex Virus Vectors for Central
Nervous System Gene Delivery based on CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Genome
Editing
Authors: Cao Xia , Huang Xinwei , Li Xiuqing , Yang Lijuan , Wang Pengfei , Yan Jingyuan , Nie Zuqing , Gao Yingzheng , Li Zhiwei , Wen Jie 
Published: June 2021

Aims:
We aim to define parameters that affect the safety and long-term transgene expression
of attenuated HSV-1 vectors and optimize the expression cassettes to achieve robust and sustained
expression in CNS.

Background:
Engineered, attenuated Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) vectors are promising vehicles for
gene delivery to the peripheral and central nervous systems. The virus latent promoter (LAP) is commonly
used to drive exogenous gene expression; however, parameters affecting the safety and longterm
transgene expression of attenuated HSV-1 vectors have not been fully understood.

Objective:
The study aimed at using CRISPR-Cas9 system to construct attenuated HSV-1 vectors and
examine the influence of transgene cassette construction and insertion site on transgene expression
and vector safety.

Method:
In this study, we used a CRISPR-Cas9 system to accurately and efficiently edit attenuated
HSV-1 strain 1716, and construct two series of recombinant virus LMR and LMRx with different sets
of gene cassettes insertion in Exon1(LAP2) and 2.0 kb intron downstream of LAP, respectively. The
transgene expression and viral gene transcriptional kinetics were compared in in vitro cell lines. The
reporter gene expression and safety profiles of each vector were further evaluated in mouse hippocampus
gene transduction model.

Result:
The in vitro cell line analysis indicated that the insertion of a gene expression cassette would
disrupt virus gene transcription. Mouse hippocampus transducing analysis suggested that complete
expression cassette insertion at 2.0 kb intron could achieve robust and longtime gene expression than
the other constructs. Recombinants with gene expression cassettes lacking Poly (A) induced significant
neuronal inflammation due to persistent viral antigen expression and microglia activation.

Conclusion:
Our results indicated that the integrity of LAT transcripts was not necessary for establishment
of long-term latent expression. Exogenous strong promoters (like cBh promoter) could remain
active during latency when placed in Exon1 or 2.0 Kb Intron of LAT locus, although their transcriptional
activity declined with time. Consistent with previous research, the foreign gene expression
would last much longer when the gene cassette was located downstream of Exon1, which suggested a
role of LAP2 in maintaining promoter activity during latency. Besides, over-transcription of the
downstream part of LAT may induce continuous activation of the attenuated vectors, which suggests
an important role of LAT in maintaining viral reactivation potential.
Brain MRI in Monogenic Cerebral Small Vessel Diseases:
A Practical Handbook
Authors: Ulivi Leonardo , Cosottini Mirco , Migaleddu Gianmichele , Orlandi Giovanni , Giannini Nicola , Siciliano Gabriele , Mancuso Michelangelo 
Published: June 2021

:
Monogenic cerebral small vessel diseases are a topic of growing interest, as
several genes responsible have been recently described, and new sequencing
techniques such as Next-generation sequencing are available. Brain imaging is
significant for the detection of these diseases. Since it is often performed at an initial
stage, an MRI is a key to selecting patients for genetic testing and for interpreting nextgeneration
sequencing reports. In addition, neuroimaging can be helpful in describing
the underlying pathological mechanisms involved in cerebral small vessel disease. In
this review, we aim to provide neurologists and stroke physicians with an up-to-date
overview of the current neuroimaging knowledge on monogenic small vessel diseases.
The Digital Divide and Seeking Health Information on Smartphones in Asia: Survey Study of Ten Countries
Authors: Wang Xiaohui , Shi Jingyuan , Lee Kwan Min 
Published: June 2021

Background
Although recent developments in mobile health have elevated the importance of how smartphones empower individuals to seek health information, research investigating this phenomenon in Asian countries has been rare.

Objective
The goal of our study was to provide a comprehensive profile of mobile health information seekers and to examine the individual- and country-level digital divide in Asia.

Methods
With survey data from 10 Asian countries (N=9086), we ran multilevel regression models to assess the effect of sociodemographic factors, technological factors, and country-level disparities on using smartphones to seek health information.

Results
Respondents who were women (β=.13, P<.001), parents (β=.16, P<.001), employed (β=.08, P=.002), of higher social status (β=.08, P<.001), and/or from countries with low health expenditures (β=.19, P=.02) were more likely to use smartphones to seek health information. In terms of technological factors, technology innovativeness (β=.10, P<.001) and frequency of smartphone use (β=.42, P<.001) were important factors of health information seeking, whereas the effect of online information quality was marginal (β=–.04, P<.001).

Conclusions
Among smartphone users in Asia, health information seeking varies according to individuals’ socioeconomic status, their innovativeness toward technology, and their frequency of smartphone use. Although smartphones widen the digital divide among individuals with different socioeconomic status, they also bridge the divide between countries with varying health expenditures. Smartphones appear to be a particularly useful complement to manage health in developing countries.
Exploratory Outlier Detection for Acceleromyographic Neuromuscular Monitoring: Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Verdonck Michaël , Carvalho Hugo , Berghmans Johan , Forget Patrice , Poelaert Jan 
Published: June 2021

Background
Perioperative quantitative monitoring of neuromuscular function in patients receiving neuromuscular blockers has
become internationally recognized as an absolute and core necessity in modern anesthesia care. Because of their kinetic nature, artifactual recordings of acceleromyography-based neuromuscular monitoring devices are not unusual. These generate a great deal of cynicism among anesthesiologists, constituting an obstacle toward their widespread adoption. Through outlier analysis techniques, monitoring devices can learn to detect and flag signal abnormalities. Outlier analysis (or anomaly detection) refers to the problem of finding patterns in data that do not conform to expected behavior.

Objective
This study was motivated by the development of a smartphone app intended for neuromuscular monitoring based on combined accelerometric and angular hand movement data. During the paired comparison stage of this app against existing acceleromyography monitoring devices, it was noted that the results from both devices did not always concur. This study aims to engineer a set of features that enable the detection of outliers in the form of erroneous train-of-four (TOF) measurements from an acceleromyographic-based device. These features are tested for their potential in the detection of erroneous TOF measurements by developing an outlier detection algorithm.

Methods
A data set encompassing 533 high-sensitivity TOF measurements from 35 patients was created based on a multicentric open label trial of a purpose-built accelero- and gyroscopic-based neuromuscular monitoring app. A basic set of features was extracted based on raw data while a second set of features was purpose engineered based on TOF pattern characteristics. Two cost-sensitive logistic regression (CSLR) models were deployed to evaluate the performance of these features. The final output of the developed models was a binary classification, indicating if a TOF measurement was an outlier or not.

Results
A total of 7 basic features were extracted based on raw data, while another 8 features were engineered based on TOF pattern characteristics. The model training and testing were based on separate data sets: one with 319 measurements (18 outliers) and a second with 214 measurements (12 outliers). The F1 score (95% CI) was 0.86 (0.48-0.97) for the CSLR model with engineered features, significantly larger than the CSLR model with the basic features (0.29 [0.17-0.53]; P<.001).

Conclusions
The set of engineered features and their corresponding incorporation in an outlier detection algorithm have the potential to increase overall neuromuscular monitoring data consistency. Integrating outlier flagging algorithms within neuromuscular monitors could potentially reduce overall acceleromyography-based reliability issues.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03605225; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03605225
Social Media Insights During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Infodemiology Study Using Big Data
Authors: Tran Huyen Thi Thanh , Lu Shih-Hao , Tran Ha Thi Thu , Nguyen Bien Van 
Published: June 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic is still undergoing complicated developments in Vietnam and around the world. There is a lot of information about the COVID-19 pandemic, especially on the internet where people can create and share information quickly. This can lead to an infodemic, which is a challenge every government might face in the fight against pandemics.

Objective
This study aims to understand public attention toward the pandemic (from December 2019 to November 2020) through 7 types of sources: Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, blogs, news sites, forums, and e-commerce sites.

Methods
We collected and analyzed nearly 38 million pieces of text data from the aforementioned sources via SocialHeat, a social listening (infoveillance) platform developed by YouNet Group. We described not only public attention volume trends, discussion sentiments, top sources, top posts that gained the most public attention, and hot keyword frequency but also hot keywords’ co-occurrence as visualized by the VOSviewer software tool.

Results
In this study, we reached four main conclusions. First, based on changing discussion trends regarding the COVID-19 subject, 7 periods were identified based on events that can be aggregated into two pandemic waves in Vietnam. Second, community pages on Facebook were the source of the most engagement from the public. However, the sources with the highest average interaction efficiency per article were government sources. Third, people’s attitudes when discussing the pandemic have changed from negative to positive emotions. Fourth, the type of content that attracts the most interactions from people varies from time to time. Besides that, the issue-attention cycle theory occurred not only once but four times during the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam.

Conclusions
Our study shows that online resources can help the government quickly identify public attention to public health messages during times of crisis. We also determined the hot spots that most interested the public and public attention communication patterns, which can help the government get practical information to make more effective policy reactions to help prevent the spread of the pandemic.
Impact of COVID-19 in early breast cancer management: a summary of the current evidence
Authors: Cavalcante Francisco Pimentel , Abdala Edson , Weissmann Leonardo , Ferreira Carlos Eduardo dos Santos , Amorim Gilberto , Campana Gustavo Aguiar , Oliveira Vilmar Marques de , Guilgen Gisah , Landeiro Luciana , Pinho João Renato Rebello , Jr Álvaro Pulchinelli , Ribeiro Heber , Souza Rafael , Rosa Daniela Dornelles 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: An Expert Panel on Breast Cancer and COVID-19 was
convened to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic for early breast
cancer management.
Methods: In order to ensure the most clinically relevant
information was addressed, essential information was drawn from several
of the latest national and international guidelines and another
technical document. The Expert Panel met in five virtual closed sessions
from November 2020 to May 2021 to consult on the relevant data from
evidence-based results. The data gathered were discussed on an online
platform (Within3 ®).
Results: This paper reports the Expert Panel’s highlights of
these meetings’ discussions. In addition, it provides practical
recommendations covering topics regarding diagnosis, treatment, and
management of breast cancer patients in clinical settings routinely
encountered by HCPs amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusions: It was provided guidance on several topics
regarding eBC management amid the COVID-19 pandemics to inform safer
care practices.
Manajemen Asuhan Kebidanan Antenatal Pada Ny “S” dengan Hiperemesis Gravidarum Tingkat II di Rs TNI Angkatan Laut Jala Ammari Pada Tanggal 27 Mei-18 Juli 2018
Authors: Susanti Evi , Firdayanti Firdayanti , Haruna Nadyah 
Published: June 2021

Kehamilan pada umumnya akan berlangsung normal sebanyak 80-90% dan hanya 10-12% kehamilan yang berkembang menjadi patologis. Salah satunya yaitu hiperemesis gravidarum dimana ibu mengalami mual dan muntah lebih dari 10 kali dalam 24 jam sehingga mengganggu aktifitas sehari-hari dan keadaan umum menjadi buruk. Hiperemesis gravidarum terbagi menjadi 3 tingkatan, yaitu tingkat I, II, dan III.Studi kasus pada Ny “S” dengan hiperemesis gravidarum tingkat II di RS TNI-AL Jala Ammari menggunakan pendekatan dengan metode manajemen asuhan kebidanan tujuh langkah Varney. Asuhan dilakukan selama 3 hari perawatan di RS dengan memberikan pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar, cairan, obat-obatan, vitamin, support psikologis maupun spiritual. Kemudian melakukan kunjungan rumah selama ±8 minggu sebanyak 5 kali kunjungan.Evaluasi studi kasus menunjukkan bahwa setelah dilakukan perawatan di RS dan kunjungan rumah, mual dan muntah ibu teratasi, tidak ada penurunan berat badan (BB), dan pembesaran perut sesuai usia kehamilan ibu. Telah dilakukan pendokumentasian semua temuan dan tindakan yang telah dilakukan pada ibu
Perkiraan Kebutuhan Energi PT. Garuda Indonesia sampai dengan Tahun 2015
Authors: Mora Minda 
Published: June 2021

Air transportation has the highest energy consumption based on its speed among other transportation sector, such as land and marine transportation. Fuel cost is about 13-20 % of total operating cost of airline. PT. Garuda Indonesia is one of the national airline which high improvement. In 2010, PT. Garuda Indonesia has 67 unit of aircraft and will be increase to 116 unit of aircraft in 2014. The goal of this research is to estimate the energy consumption in PT. Garuda Indonesia until 2015. Result shows that in 2015, energy consumption in PT. Garuda Indonesia increase for about 33% or about 24.247 PJ of energy or 0,55 MegaTon of fuel compare to its fuel consumption in 2010.Transportasi udara merupakan sektor transportasi yang memiliki tingkat konsumsi energi paling tinggi berdasarkan kecepatannya. Pengeluaran maskapai penerbangan untuk bahan bakar minyak pesawat udara mencapai 13-20% dari total biaya operasional. PT. Garuda Indonesia merupakan salah satu maskapai penerbangan nasional yang mengalami perkembangan yang pesat beberapa tahun belakangan ini. Pada tahun 2010 Garuda Indonesia memiliki 67 armada pesawat udara dan ditargetkan menjadi 116 armada pada tahun 2014. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran kebutuhan energi di PT. Garuda Indonesia sampai dengan tahun 2015. Hasil kajian menunjukkan pemakaian energi di PT. Garuda Indonesia meningkat 33% atau sebesar 24.247 PJ atau 0,55 Mega Ton bahan bakar minyak dibandingkan pemakaian bahan bakar pada tahun 2010.
On Becoming Food
Authors: Paremoer Lauren 
Published: June 2021

This essay reflects on pregnancy as a process through which women are encouraged to become “good mothers” by “eating well”. It uses nutritional guidelines for pregnant women to explore the way in which pregnant bodies are conceptualised as filtration systems that, through self-discipline, can prevent pollutants in food from reaching the foetus – thereby ensuring foetal health, and ultimately population health. This process risks taming or domesticating the political agency of women under the guise of celebrating them as good mothers.
Ocular ischemic syndrome due to severe internal carotid artery stenosis improved by intracranial stent placement: A case report
Authors: Uchida Wataru , Kamide Tomoya , Uno Takehiro , Yoshikawa Akifumi , Misaki Kouichi , Nakada Mitsutoshi 
Published: June 2021

Background:
Treatment of cervical internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis has contributed to the improvement of ocular ischemic syndrome. However, there have been few cases of visual impairment caused by ocular ischemic syndrome due to intracranial ICA stenosis, which improved through intracranial stent placement.

Case Description:
A 76-year-old man presented with right-sided paralysis. Radiographic examination revealed severe stenosis of the left intracranial ICA (distal cavernous-infraclinoid portion) and a watershed infarction of the left cerebral hemisphere. Conservative therapy including antiplatelet drugs was initiated, but severe visual acuity disturbance in his left eye occurred 1 month after onset. The antegrade ocular artery flow recovered after urgent intracranial stent placement, and his vision improved immediately after the procedure.

Conclusion:
Visual impairment presenting as ocular ischemic syndrome can occur due to severe stenosis of the intracranial ICA, and treatment of these lesions could improve the symptoms.
Rosai-Dorfman disease mimicking images of meningiomas: Two case reports and literature review
Authors: Tatit Rafael Trindade , Raffa Paulo Eduardo Albuquerque Zito , de Almeida Motta Giovana Cassia , Bocchi André Alexandre , Guimaraes Júlia Loripe , Franceschini Paulo Roberto , de Aguiar Paulo Henrique Pires 
Published: June 2021

Background:Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytic proliferative disorder classically as a massive cervical lymphadenopathy. However, over the years, extranodal locations were confirmed with the central nervous system involvement in less than 5% of cases, which is marked as a significant differential diagnosis of meningiomas, with which they are widely confused due to the similarity of their radiological images.Case Description:We report a 37-year-old man and 45-year-old man who were diagnosed with intracranial RDD but whose radiological images mimic meningiomas, requiring anatomopathological and tumor’s immunohistochemistry for definitive diagnosis. Moreover, a review of 184 publications with 285 cases of intracranial involvement of this disease was also performed, comparing these findings with those brought in the previous studies.Conclusion:Intracranial Rosai-Dorfman tumors should always be remembered as differential diagnosis of meningiomas since they are similar radiologically and macroscopically. Once remembered and diagnosed, the lesion must be treated following the same pattern of resection done in meningiomas and, treatment’s differences will not occur in the surgical excision technique, but in complementary chemotherapy implementation, radiotherapy, and even with radiosurgery aid, depending on the case. Thus, it is possible to obtain better results than with just the isolated surgical procedure.
ENSINO DE ENERGIA MECÃ‚NICA NUM SISTEMA MASSA-MOLA SOB UM OLHAR INVESTIGATIVO
Authors: Pereira de Almeida Ageu , Alexandria de Barros Antonio Eduardo , Lelis de Sousa Regina , Cupertino Gomes Érica 
Published: June 2021

As atividades investigativas têm sido uma alternativa Ã s aulas tradicionais de Física na busca de estratégias capazes de levar os alunos ao debate, propiciando a discussão, argumentação e reflexão. Neste trabalho apresentamos uma proposta para trabalhar o Oscilador Linearmente Amortecido - OLA, considerando o atrito entre duas superfícies secas de um sistema massa-mola, assunto pouco abordado em livros didáticos. Inicialmente, foi realizado um levantamento histórico do ensino por investigação e sua importância para a aprendizagem. Em seguida, fizemos o tratamento matemático do OLA e a partir de suas equações construímos uma simulação computacional utilizando a linguagem Python acrescida do módulo gráfico tridimensional Vpython. E, por último, foi proposto um roteiro de uma sequência investigativa, com o intuito de explorar conceitos de energia mecânica e as suas transformações.
rap negro na cidade planejada
Authors: Brito de Oliveira Eliane Cristina 
Published: June 2021

A construção de Brasília se baseou em um projeto orquestrado antes mesmo da década de 1950 e que também fora construído na perspectiva do mito de democracia racial Ã moda brasileira. Os espaços destinados aos negros e brancos no Distrito Federal também são marcados pelo racismo. O RAP negro na cidade planejada é uma fresta aberta por meio da música para resistir ao projeto de exclusão social e racial de Brasília e a música promoveu não somente resistência, mas também ajudou na construção da identidade racial.
impactos da lei 10.639/03 nos cursos de Licenciatura em Letras da Universidade Federal de Catalão
Authors: De Paula Maria Helena , Faleiros Felício Carolina 
Published: June 2021

Em 2003, foi aprovada a Lei 10.639, tornando obrigatório o ensino, em todos os níveis da educação, da história e da cultura afro-brasileira e africana, mas aparentemente, a inclusão desses temas no ensino se dá lentamente. Este estudo apresenta como se dá a aplicação da Lei 10.639/03 nos cursos de Licenciatura em Letras da UFCAT, a partir da análise do Projeto Pedagógico dos cursos e dos horários semestrais de oferta de disciplinas, nos últimos dez anos. Apesar de haver pesquisas sobre o tema na Unidade Acadêmica, concluímos que seus resultados são pouco aplicados nas duas licenciaturas. Apresentam-se, ainda, estratégias para que a lei seja cumprida, pela sua obrigatoriedade e a necessidade de se combater o preconceito e transformar as relações étnico-raciais, objetivando auxiliar na formação docente dos alunos, por meio de discussões e reflexões críticas para um ensino voltado Ã s relações étnico-raciais.