bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the life of Lucy Garvin, first principal of Sydney Girls High School: expanded biography and use of digital sources
Authors: May Josephine 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe article sets out primarily to fill in some of the gaps in the biography of Lucy Arabella Stocks Garvin (1851–1938), first principal of Sydney Girls High School. As a reflexive exercise stimulated by this biographical research, the second aim is to explore the transformative work of digital sources on the researcher's research processes that in turn generate possibilities for expanded biographical studies in the history of education.Design/methodology/approachThis article encompasses two approaches: the first uses traditional historical methods in the digital sources to provide an expanded biography of Lucy Garvin. The second is a reflexive investigation of the effects of digitisation of sources on the historian's research processes.FindingsThe advent of digital technologies has opened up more evidence on the life of Lucy Garvin which enables a fuller account both within and beyond the school gate. Digital sources have helped to address important gaps in her life story that challenge current historiographical understandings about her: for example, regarding her initial travel to Australia; her previous career as a teacher in Australia and the circumstances of her appointment as principal; her private and family life; and her involvement in extra school activities. In the process of exploring Garvin's life, the researcher reflected on the work of digital sources and argues that such sources transform the research process by speeding up and de-situating the collection and selection of evidence, while at the same time expanding and slowing the scrutiny of evidence. The ever-expanding array of digital sources, despite its patchiness, can lead to finer grained expanded biographical studies while increasing the provisionality of historical accounts.Originality/valueThe article presents new biographical information about an important early female educational leader in Australia and discusses the impact of digital sources on archival and research processes in the history of women's education.
Female CEOs and corporate innovation
Authors: Prabowo Ronny , Setiawan Doddy 
Published: March 2021

PurposeWe investigate the effect of female CEOs on corporate innovation using Indonesian companies. More specifically, this paper aims to answer the following research questions. First, do firms led by female CEOs innovate more or less than firms led by male CEOs? Second, does firm size positively moderate the effect of CEO gender on corporate innovation? Our research questions imply that female CEOs' innovative performance likely depends on the size of their firms.Design/methodology/approachBecause the dependent variable is a dummy that equals one if the firm was an innovator and zero otherwise, this study employs probit analysis to test the hypotheses empirically. As an alternative test, we use a different measure of the dependent variable (INNOV-corporate innovation) by summing the firm's responses (yes/no) to nine innovation-related questions. Because this alternative measure of INNOV exhibits a count-data characteristic with non-negative integer values and more than 70% of the total sample did not engage in innovation activities at all, this study relies on the zero-inflated Poisson regression in the robustness test.FindingsWe have shown that firms led by female CEOs exhibit a greater probability of being innovators. Further, firm size increases the positive effect of female CEOs on firms' probability of engaging in innovation activities. Further, we also find that when female CEOs manage women-owned firms, their firms are more likely to engage in innovation activities.Research limitations/implicationsThis study cannot further investigate the causal relationship between CEO gender and corporate innovation (e.g. by analyzing whether CEOs with different gender affects firm innovation) because it relies on the World Bank Enterprise Survey data. Nevertheless, this study suggests that stakeholders, especially in developing countries like Indonesia, need to encourage more women to hold CEO positions, especially in larger firms, because women-led firms perform better in innovation activities.Originality/valueOur study thus highlights that female CEOs outperform their male counterparts in innovation activities. These results support the argument that because of gender-based discrimination that they receive, female CEOs are greatly motivated to exhibit greater innovation performance. Further, it is more difficult for women to hold the CEO positions in larger firms because of these firms' more intense managerial job market.
Kidney donation: bridging the gap in the shortage of kidney transplants in Malaysia
Authors: Islahudin Farida , Shahdan Intan Azura , Kua Li Ming 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to identify factors that affect willingness to donate kidneys posthumously among Malaysians.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire-based cross-sectional study assessing demographics, attitude, spirituality, knowledge and willingness to donate a kidney was conducted among adult Malaysians with oral informed consent. The total number of samples was 1,001 respondents. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was performed.FindingsA total of 29.17% (n = 292) were willing to donate kidneys, while the remaining 70.83% (n = 709) were not. The mean spirituality score was 80.95 ± 13.79 (maximum score 100), mean attitude score was 52.88 ± 8.074 (maximum score 70) and mean knowledge score was 1.84 ± 0.99 (maximum score 5). A higher score demonstrated a stronger spiritual level, positive attitude and better knowledge. Factors affecting willingness to donate a kidney were ethnicity (odds ratio [OR] = 15.625, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.043–0.094) and attitude toward kidney donation score (OR = 0.924, 95% CI = 0.902–0.945).Originality/valueCulture-specific steps to improve programs that may contribute toward improving kidney donation posthumously among Malaysians should be developed. Results drawn from this work demonstrate that policymakers, health-care workers and stakeholders should work together to promote effective policies and program implementation to reduce the ever-increasing gap between the need and shortage crisis of kidney donation.
A cannabis festival in urban space: visitors' motivation and travel activity
Authors: Kang Soo K. , Lee Jaeseok 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThe present study aimed at classifying cannabis festival attendees based on their motivation and travel activities, profiling the resultant latent groups with demographic and travel characteristics and examining the association between the groups.Design/methodology/approachWith a quantitative-exploratory approach, this study collected 392 out-of-state visitors' responses to a cannabis festival in Denver, Colorado and classified them according to their motivation and activity participation. Using the classification results, the study profiled the festival visitors based on their demographic and travel characteristics. Latent class analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and cross-tabulation were employed.FindingsThe results revealed that festival visitors were categorized into four latent groups by motivation and three latent groups by travel activity participation. Regarding motivation, the cannabis seekers (relatively young, White/Caucasian and residents in liberal states) and multi-purpose seekers (relatively young, Black/African American and residents in conservative states) were strongly motivated by cannabis-related factors. For travel activity participation, moderate participants were more likely to be first-time visitors, whereas active and passive participants were classified as repeat visitors.Originality/valueThe current study filled the research gap in the quantitative exploration of cannabis tourism industry in general and cannabis festival segment specifically. The findings contribute to (1) better understanding of out-of-state visitors' motivation and travel behaviors while attending a cannabis themed festival and (2) serving as a seminal work in the context of cannabis tourism literature since the recreational cannabis legalization in the United States.
An investigation into the antecedents of frontline service employee guardianship behaviours
Authors: Potdar Balkrushna , Garry Tony , Gnoth Juergen , Guthrie John 
Published: March 2021

PurposeThis study aims to provide empirically generated insights into the drivers of guardianship behaviour among frontline service employees (FLEs) within retail settings.Design/methodology/approachThe research framework comprises a quantitative survey of 507 frontline service employees at national supermarkets within New Zealand.FindingsThe findings of the survey suggest that service employee perceptions of internal corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities, their level of psychological ownership towards the supermarket and personal moral beliefs, shape their guardianship behaviours and, consequentially, the prevention of in-store deviant behaviours by customers such as shoplifting.Originality/valueThe contribution of this paper is twofold. First, it offers both a conceptual foundation and an empirical-based evaluation of the antecedents and role of guardianship behaviour among frontline service employees. Second, the conceptual model derived from this research may aid practitioners in developing strategies that engender guardianship behaviours in their employees within service contexts.
Weather and distance to fire refugia limit landscape‐level occurrence of fungal disease in an exotic annual grass
Authors: Applestein Cara , Simler‐Williamson Allison B. , Germino Matthew J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe enemy release hypothesis proposes that invasion by exotic plant species is driven by their release from natural enemies (i.e. herbivores and pathogens) in their introduced ranges. However, in many cases, natural enemies, which may be introduced or managed to regulate invasive species, may fail to impact target host populations. Landscape heterogeneity, which can affect both the population dynamics of the pathogen and the susceptibility and the density of hosts, may contribute to why pathogens fail to control hosts despite established negative disease impacts.We explored patterns of post‐fire infection of the fungal head‐smut pathogenUstilago bullataon the invasive annual cheatgrassBromus tectorum, which has caused the notorious grass‐fire cycle and ecosystem degradation across Western North America. We asked whether infection level was a driver of host density or vice‐versa, and how weather affected infection and how spatial patterns of infection varied with time since fire, using a combination of structural equation modelling (SEM), proportional odds modelling and entropy‐based local indicator of spatial association (ELSA) on data from >700 plots spanning >100,000 ha remeasured annually for 4 years.Observed infection levels increased with greater prior‐year cheatgrass cover, and disease severity did not suppress cheatgrass populations. Warm, humid fall/winters and proximity to fire refugia (unburned patches) were associated with more infections. Infection clustering was most evident 2–3 years following fire with warm‐wet fall–winter conditions and decreased after two drier, colder winters.Synthesis. Severity of fungal disease did not result in measurable reductions of populations of a non‐native, invasive host species, cheatgrass, which suggests that natural enemies may not strongly regulate cheatgrass in its introduced range. Landscape heterogeneity associated with disturbance and weather limited population‐level infection of hosts by the fungal pathogen. Disturbance (specifically wildfire) and variable weather are key components of this and similar invasion systems, and likely need to be considered when evaluating disease dynamics and potential for natural enemies to influence invasion potential.
Vitronectin‐activated αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrin signalling specifies haematopoietic fate in human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Shen Jun , Zhu Yaoyao , Zhang Shuo , Lyu Shuzhen , Lyu Cuicui , Feng Zicen , Hoyle Dixie L. , Wang Zack Z. , Cheng Tao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesVitronectin (VTN) has been widely used for the maintenance and expansion of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) as feeder‐free conditions. However, the effect of VTN on hPSC differentiation remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of VTN in early haematopoietic development of hPSCs.Materials and MethodsA chemically defined monolayer system was applied to study the role of different matrix or basement membrane proteins in haematopoietic development of hPSCs. The role of integrin signalling in VTN‐mediated haematopoietic differentiation was investigated by integrin antagonists. Finally, small interfering RNA was used to knock down integrin gene expression in differentiated cells.ResultsWe found that the haematopoietic differentiation of hPSCs on VTN was far more efficient than that on Matrigel that is also often used for hPSC culture. VTN promoted the fate determination of endothelial‐haematopoietic lineage during mesoderm development to generate haemogenic endothelium (HE). Moreover, we demonstrated that the signals through αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins were required for VTN‐promoted haematopoietic differentiation. Blocking αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins by the integrin antagonists impaired the development of HE, but not endothelial‐to‐haematopoietic transition (EHT). Finally, both αvβ3 and αvβ5 were confirmed acting synergistically for early haematopoietic differentiation by knockdown the expression of αv, β3 or β5.ConclusionThe established VTN‐based monolayer system of haematopoietic differentiation of hPSCs presents a valuable platform for further investigating niche signals involved in human haematopoietic development.
Motives for dropping out from higher education—An analysis of bachelor's degree students in Germany
Authors: Behr Andreas , Giese Marco , Teguim Kamdjou Herve D. , Theune Katja 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe increasing number of students enrolled in higher education institutions and the growing demand in the labour market for university graduates make the analysis of study success and study dropout more and more important. Dropping out from higher education is a complex process and students have very different motives for leaving university without obtaining a degree. We provide a detailed analysis of the different dropout reasons and aim at identifying distinctive types of dropout students using cluster analysis. The most important reasons for leaving university without a degree were in this study observed to be mainly related to interest and expectations concerning study programmes as well as aspects associated with student performance. Using hierarchical cluster analysis, we have found that the dropout decision was based on a variety of reasons, rather than a clear single motive. Our results provide higher education institutions insights into the process of dropping out and thereby a basis for suitable and more specific countermeasures.
Making exemption the exception, not the rule: Inclusion of all students in foreign language education
Authors: Peker Hilal , Regalla Michele 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis longitudinal quantitative study examines the first and second language vocabulary development of prekindergarten students enrolled in an inclusive foreign language exploratory (FLEX) program. The FLEX program, framed by the Cognitive Retroactive Hypothesis of cross‐linguistic transfer, is situated in a context where students with special needs are fully included in all academic activities. Data were collected over 2 years from 60 students in the form of standardized tests and classroom tests of first and second language vocabulary. Results indicate that all students showed evidence of learning second language vocabulary, although students with special needs scored lower than their peers. Furthermore, all participants showed evidence of first language vocabulary increases contradicting assumptions that foreign language exposure may cause interference with the first language for special needs students. Implications include discussion of the least restrictive environment for students with special needs by questioning deficiency‐centered decisions about foreign language exemptions.
Real‐world effectiveness and safety of direct‐acting antivirals in patients with cirrhosis and history of hepatic decompensation: Epi‐Ter2 Study
Authors: Berkan‐Kawińska Aleksandra , Piekarska Anna , Janczewska Ewa , Lorenc Beata , Tudrujek‐Zdunek Magdalena , Tomasiewicz Krzysztof , Berak Hanna , Horban Andrzej , Zarębska‐Michaluk Dorota , Pabjan Paweł , Buczyńska Iwona , Pazgan‐Simon Monika , Dybowska Dorota , Halota Waldemar , Pawłowska Małgorzata , Klapaczyński Jakub , Mazur Włodzimierz , Czauż‐Andrzejuk Agnieszka , Socha Łukasz , Laurans Łukasz , Garlicki Aleksander , Sitko Marek , Jaroszewicz Jerzy , Citko Jolanta , Dobracka Beata , Krygier Rafał , Białkowska‐Warzecha Jolanta , Tronina Olga , Belica‐Wdowik Teresa , Baka‐Ćwierz Barbara , Flisiak Robert 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsThe aim of this study was to assess the real‐life effectiveness and safety of direct acting antivirals (DAAs) in patients with cirrhosis and history of hepatic decompensation compared to those with compensated cirrhosis.MethodData of patients treated with DAAs and included in the EpiTer‐2 database (N = 10 152) were collected retrospectively. The primary endpoint was sustained viral response (SVR) at 12 weeks posttreatment. Patients were also evaluated in terms of liver‐related adverse events and treatment modification/discontinuation.ResultsThe overall SVR rate was 91.4% in the intent to treat (ITT) analysis and 95.2% in the per‐protocol (PP) analysis (P < .001). Patients with decompensated cirrhosis had lower SVR rates compared to those with compensated cirrhosis in ITT analysis (86.4% vs 92.0%, P < .001), while not in PP analysis (92.9% vs 95.5%, P > .05). Adverse events (AE) occurred 45.6% and 29.3% of patients with decompensated and compensated cirrhosis (P < .001). Patients with decompensated cirrhosis were at higher risk of death (5.4% vs 0.9%; P < .0001) or liver decompensation (21.5% vs 1.3%; P < .0001). Treatment with protease inhibitors was not associated with hepatic decompensation (P = .3). Only 82.6% of patients with decompensated cirrhosis completed DAA treatment (vs 92.8% in compensated cirrhotics; P < .0001).ConclusionDespite higher frequency of AE and treatment modifications, once completed, DAAs yield comparable results for patients with decompensated and compensated cirrhosis. High rate of serious adverse events in patients with advanced liver disease treated with PI may not be related to the detrimental effect of the medications, but rather to the disease itself.
Prevalence of respiratory tract infections and influencing factors: A cross‐sectional survey in Anhui Province, China
Authors: Zhu Ting , Zhang Pinglan , Shen Xingrong , Cheng Jing , Chai Jing , Feng Rui , Wang Debin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study used available data to analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of various Respiratory tract infections (RTIs), to better our understanding of the local and national epidemiology, and to inform future prevention and control programs.DesignWe used a structured questionnaire to solicit information about social demographics and symptoms of the last RTI administered with stratified clustered randomized sampling. Descriptive analysis was used to investigate the reported symptoms, and multivariate logistic regression models to identify relationships between the prevalence and influencing factors of common RTIs.ResultsThe study documented a prevalence rate of 1.5% for common cold, 0.5% for influenza, and 0.9% for 9‐AURTIs (nine acute upper RTIs, including acute pharyngitis, sore throat, acute tonsillitis, acute suppurative tonsillitis, acute laryngitis, acute bronchitis, acute pharyngitis, acute upper RTI, and viral upper RTI), adding up to 3.4% of overall RTIs in the past 2 weeks. Results also revealed a L‐shaped trend along age‐axis for all the RTIs, and marginal to moderate associations between RTIs and other commonly researched factors (education, body mass index, sex, and annual income), as well as environmental and behavior factors.ConclusionsRTIs in Anhui, China are common and associated with a variety of socio‐demographic, behavioral, and environmental factors. RTIs merit better epidemiological understanding and added interventions tailored to efforts in reducing their health and economic burden. These understandings and efforts are especially relevant for public health nurses since most RTI patients are treated in community settings.
Contribuciones del asesoramiento a la función del docente en la universidad
Authors: Pérez-Cabrera María José , Llanes-Ordóñez Juan 
Published: March 2021

El artículo explora la figura del docente universitario desde un papel próximo al asesoramiento para facilitar la gestión personal de la carrera y la posterior inserción profesional de los estudiantes.La investigación se sitúa dentro de un enfoque cualitativo y comprensivo, con el doble objetivo de identificar necesidades formativas docentes y definir el papel de profesor-asesor.La información fue extraída de un grupo de discusión y de una entrevista semiestructurada hecha a docentes, asesores y egresados.El estudio destaca la necesidad de reforzar la relación didáctica y el vínculo del docente con la profesión. También se define el perfil del profesor-asesor universitario.
The Circular Cylinder With a Band of Uniform Pressure on a Finite Length of the Surface
Authors: Barton M. V. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The solution to the fundamental problem of a cylinder with a uniform pressure over one half its length and a uniform tension on the other half is found by using the Papcovitch-Neuber solution to the general equations. In this paper, the results, given analytically in terms of infinite-series expressions, are exhibited as curves giving a complete picture of the stress and deformation. The case of a cylinder with a band of uniform pressure of any length, with the exception of very small ones, is then solved by the method of superposition. The stresses and displacements are evaluated for the special cases of a cylinder with a uniform pressure load of 1 diam and 1/2 diam in length. The problem of a cylinder heated over one half its length is solved by the same means.