bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization microwave assisted transesterification insitu for biodiesel production from Chlorella sp. using response surface methodology
Authors: Qadariyah L , Panjaitan R , Mahfud M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Chlorella sp. is a potential raw material for biodiesel production because of its high lipid content. Microwave assisted transesterification insitu from Chlorella sp. was investigated to determine the effect of reaction time, catalyst concentration and microwave power on biodiesel yield using response surface methodology for optimization. In this process the use of microwave irradiation to speed up the lipid extraction process and the transesterification reaction is simultaneously converted to methyl-esters. Faced-centered Central Composite Design (FCCD) design was applied to evaluate the effects of three independent variables: reaction time (10-50 minutes), microwave power (300-600 W), and H2SO4 catalyst concentration (0.1-0.9 gr/mL). The results showed that biodiesel yield increased with reaction time, power and catalyst concentration. Through optimization with response surface, this methodology with Face-Center Central Composite (FCCD). gave the highest biodiesel yield of 19.5% at 561 W, 40.5 minutes and 0.42 gr/mL catalyst concentrations with p-values from lack of fit insignificance, indicating that the model was a good representation of experimental.
Determination α-amylase inhibitor activity of methanol extract of coffee leaves using UV-Vis spectrophotometric method and validation
Authors: Wulandari L , Nuri  , Pratoko D K , Khairunnisa P , Muyasaroh L 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition caused by the decrease of insulin. Some studies have shown that coffee leaves act as antidiabetic agents. DM can be characterized by high blood glucose levels. To maintain blood glucose levels in normal conditions can be through the inhibition of carbohydrate catabolism such as inhibition of α-amylase. Assay of α-amylase inhibition of coffee leaves extracts in vitro using UV-Vis Spectrophotometric method has been developed to obtain optimum condition. The optimum condition of measurement wavelength, incubation time, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, and DNS concentration was 540 nm, 15 min, 0.5 mg/mL, 0.5 U/mL, and 4.38 ppm respectively. The inhibitor concentration of acarbose and extract was 25 ppm and 500 ppm. Evaluation of the validation method showed linear result r = 0.9979 (acarbose); r = 0.997 (extract). Detection limit and quantitation limits of acarbose and extract were 4.7377 ppm; 14.2133 ppm and 108.3539 ppm; 325.0618 ppm. RSD (%) of repeatability precision and intermediate precision test for day 1, day 2, and day 3 were 4.899; 4.899; 6.502 and 4.566 for acarbose and 0.394; 0.394; 0.377 and 0.238 for the extract. The accuracy test showed that the IC50 profile decreased as the number of acarbose additions increased. The IC50 of arabica coffee leaves was 286.804 μg/mL.
Vegetation cover analysis and ecotourism business model for sustainable forest management in Gunung Leuser National Park, Indonesia
Authors: Hartoyo A P P , Sunkar A , Fadillah A , Hidayati S , Winata B , Hadi A N 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGunung Leuser National Park (GLNP) is part of the Tropical Rainforest Heritage program of Sumatra that was designated by UNESCO. GLNP is very vulnerable to vegetation land cover decrease due to illegal logging, encroachment, oil palm expansion, and inappropriate management of ecotourism. GLNP authority has the responsibility to handle forest threats by estimating vegetation cover and manage the ecotourism sector. This study aims to estimate vegetation cover and investigate strategy in developing ecotourism business model for sustainable forest management in GLNP. The methods used Normalized Vegetation Index (NDVI) analysis in estimating vegetation cover, and Social Enterprise - Business Model Canvas (SE-BMC) in developing a strategic business ecotourism model. NDVI was classified into 5 classes from class 1 to 5 (non-vegetation or very low dense vegetation to very high dense vegetation) based on unsupervised classification (natural breaks in ArcGIS). The results showed the largest vegetation area in GLNP belongs to class 4 (445876 ha or 32.68%) and class 5 (355018 ha or 26.02%). This indicates that the majority of GLNP by area is still densely vegetated. Based on SE-BMC analysis, GLNP management needs to collaborate with the local community and other stakeholders. We recommend improving ecotourism management and enhancing community development.
Ethnobotanical knowledge and vitality of Gayo ethnolinguistic in Jabodetabek, Indonesia
Authors: Sunkar A , Hidayati S , Hartoyo A P , Al-Gayoni Y U 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEach time a language dies, so do certain plant species. Gayo is classified by Ethnologue as an endangered language, yet Gayo Highland of Aceh harbors rich plant diversity. The language vitality would provide insight into the potential plant conservation efforts within the original geographic site. This research documented the ethnobotanical knowledge of the Gayo diaspora residing in the urban cities of Jabodetabek, Indonesia, and assessed the language vitality. Ethnographic interviews were used in a one-day Focus Group Discussion engaging 10 knowledgeable Gayo elders from various backgrounds and 1 Gayo ecolinguistic expert. The plant list was then compared to the Gayo plants identified from various publications. The language vitality was determined using UNESCO Language Vitality Assessment and EGIDS. FGD and in-depth interview documented 143 plant species with 39.5% new addition to the previous 218 species recorded based on literatures. The language intergenerational transmission indicated that most children still speak Gayo as their first language but are restricted to a specific domain. The results of this research confirm the potential role of the Gayo diaspora of Jabodetabek in maintaining and possible revitalization of the Gayo language and is expected to produce an initial step for plant conservation in the Leuser Ecosystem.
The spatial dynamics of mangrove forest in the Alas Purwo Banyuwangi National Park marine tourism area using remote sensing images
Authors: Utomo D P , Handayani T , Susiloningtyas D , Mansessa M D M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Bedul Mangrove Forest, located in the location of the Alas Purwo Banyuwangi National Park (TNAP). In 2009, the mangrove forest was opened as a tourist area. Although the surrounding community no longer cuts down mangroves, the presence of tourists will affect mangrove growth. This study aims to see the right way to identify mangrove areas, see the dynamics of mangrove trends in TNAP, and adapt it to tourism developments. Remote sensing uses Landsat 8 OLI TRS and Landsat 7 ETM + imagery data for 2005-2020. The mangrove density analysis used NDVI, grouped into 5 classes, from very dense to very rare. The results showed that the mangrove area’s total area was 16.47 km2 and was stagnant until the time of determining tourist attractions in 2009. Since the determination until 2020, the mangrove area has decreased to 14.96 km2. Overall, mangroves’ tendency to experience negative is indicated by an increase in the very dense density class and a decrease in other classes. The composition of mangroves has dramatically increased from 2005 to 2020, from 64% to 87% of the entire class.
Variability and time series trend analysis of rainfall and temperature in Dramaga Sub-District, Bogor, Indonesia
Authors: Khyber E , Syaufina L , Sunkar A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Human-induced climate change is considered a threat to communities and the natural system, in particular, agriculture, forestry, economy, health, and well-being. Explicitly, extreme weather events namely flood and long dry season, are great concerns for Indonesia and the region. The purpose of this study is to detect rainfall and temperature trends in the Sub-district of Dramaga for the past thirty years. Dramaga has a huge number of populations relying on rain-fed agriculture, to feed themselves and support food security. Monthly rainfall and temperature data were obtained from the Dramaga Climatology Station of Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency from the period 1990-2019. A Mann-Kendall statistical test has been run to detect the statistical significance of time series in comparison with the linear model. The findings indicated no significant trends in the seasonal and annual rainfall in the past thirty years, whereas, annual mean and maximum temperature are rising significantly. Further, the annual minimum temperature does not show a statistically significant increase. Climate events owing to the rainfall variation and Temperature rise threaten smallholder farmers. Results of the study might help decision-makers for climate-smart agricultural projects development at the community level. As to be able, to access environmentally sustainable self-sufficient agriculture.
System’s approach to municipal water use allocation
Authors: Abella G P L , Alberto A M P , Tubay J M , Cario Z P M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Human activities in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems can cause the depletion of coastal resources. The study aimed to develop a decision support system for the municipality of Palauig, Zambales as the basis for coastal resource management. Water use allocation was done in a systems approach, using Gurobi® - mathematical optimization solver, considering priority goals of Palauig, goal 1 is to maximize mangrove use in minimizing disaster risk, goal 2 is maximizing water suitability and goal 3 is maximizing the total economic value of resources. The municipal water map was divided into 1-ha grids. Optimization run results showed that disaster risk fronting shoreline would be canceled by mangrove allocated on those areas. The area allocation of 331 ha mangrove, 1 ha coral, 1,573 ha seagrass, 50 ha fish cage, 33 ha MPA and 17,942 ha fishing area, the water uses would have economic values of Php 2.9B, Php 20.8M, Php 1.7B, Php 4.1B, Php 323M, and Php 33.9B, respectively. The area allocated for the fish cage did not exceed the allowable area set hence, its environmental impacts would be manageable. Production of 2.3MT would meet Palauig’s consumption requirement for fish.
The ethical of agritourism development in border protected area from stakeholder perspective
Authors: Utama I G B R , Trimurti C P 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study describes the stakeholder perception by exploration study toward the development of agritourism attraction. The first factor is agritourism as integrating farming and tourism system that consists of (1) It can be a tourist attraction that has a uniqueness that is completely different from other types of tourist attractions, (2) It can maintain agricultural or plantation land used optimally according to its main function, (3) It can drive the economy of the community as a whole, both communities, investors, and the government, (4) It can integrate farming systems and tourism systems to form attractive tourist attractions in the future, and (5) It can be a tourist attraction that has a uniqueness that is completely different from other types of tourist attractions.
Meristics and morphometrikcs characters of Scylla serrata in Youtefa and Kalimaro, Papua mangrove ecosystem
Authors: Manalu K A A , Bengen D G 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Observations of the meristic and morphometric characteristics of S.serrata will be carried out in Youtefa Bay, Jayapura, and Kalimaro, Merauke. The research objective was to determine the morphometric and meristic characteristics and their relationship with the mangrove ecosystem. Homogeneity test results showed homogenous results with a correlation (r) 0.80 and (r) 0.85. The results obtained were 96.05% which was not significantly different in meristic and morphometric characteristics. The substrate fraction of Kalimaro is dominated by clay (26.53%) and fine sand (16.84%) which means that the type of substrate is sandy loam, while Youtefa is dominated by coarse sand (27.00%) clay (15.45%), or muddy sand type. For the C-organic deposits on Youtefa (4.92%) and Kalimaro (9.58%) substrates in the good category, but the correlation results showed Kalimaro (r) 95% while Youtefa (r) -95% with a confidence interval (p> 0.05) is directly proportional to the abundance of Kalimaro (39 individuals/m2) and Youtefa (11 individuals/m2). Mangrove density in Youtefa (4,800-7,800 individuals/ha) is dominated by Rhizophora 73.1% and Kalimaro (2,600-3,700 individuals/ha) is dominated by Avicennia 75%. Mangrove ecosystem has a close relationship on meristic and morphometric characteristics compared to Youtefa Bay.
Assessment of disaster resilience in Semarang City
Authors: Narieswari L , Sitorus S R P , Hardjomidjojo H , Putri E I K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to build a resilient city, it is crucial to assess the current level of resilience as a baseline measurement. This study assesses the progress and status resilience building of Semarang City using a disaster resilience scorecard for cities developed by The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) at the preliminary level. The scorecard assesses disaster resilience by considering Ten Essentials for Making Cities Resilient, as an operational framework of Sendai framework for disaster reduction (2015 – 2030), at the local level. The scorecard has 47 criteria, scoring between 0 to 3 where 0 is representing little or no awareness and 3 is representing full integration of disaster risk reduction (DRR). The finding shows that Semarang has an overall score of 69 out of 141. The analysis suggests that assign a budget for DRR and incentives to increase financial capacity, apply and enforce risk compliant building regulations and land use planning, invest and maintain critical infrastructure, and provide comprehensive post-event recovery plans needs to be improved and prioritized in disaster risk reduction toward a more resilient and safer city.
Predicting spatial distribution of Asian Horned Frog (Megophrys montana Kuhl & Van Hasselt 1882) in Java Island using citizen science’s data
Authors: Rohman M , Prasetyo L B , Kusrini M D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Citizen science is a tool that has been used globally to gather data on species, recently, this effort is gaining popularity in Indonesia. Asian horned frog (Megophrys montana) is an amphibian endemic to Java with a significant population declining due to forest or habitat losses. The purpose of this study is to analyze the suitability of the habitat and to estimate the potential habitat of Megophrys montana in Java using maximum entropy (maxent). Ninety-four coordinates data from iNaturalist, a citizen science app, were used in modeling along with altitude, slope, rainfall, distance from rivers, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and land cover categories. Megophrys montana habitat suitability model produced an excellent accuracy with an AUC value of 0.962. Altitude, rainfall, and slope were the most important environmental variables that affect the suitability of the species habitats. The characteristics of Megophrys montana habitat in Java are mountainous forest, wet rainfall, primary or secondary forest with steep slopes, and near to the rivers. West Java and Banten are provinces with the most suitable areas for their habitat, especially within the conservation areas, i.e. Mount Halimun Salak and Mount Gede Pangrango National Park.
Abundance waterbirds and the distribution of trees nesting in Pulau Rambut (Rambut Island) wildlife sanctuary, Jakarta Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Firdausy M S , Mardiastuti A , Mulyani Y A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Pulau Rambut is a small island in Jakarta Bay that has been used as a breeding and roosting habitat for various waterbird species. The study aimed to estimate waterbird’s abundance, comparing waterbirds species and abundance data with previous studies in 1990 and 2001, and mapping the distribution of nesting trees. The study was conducted in January-February 2020. Birds were counted using the census method, while the coordinates of nesting trees were taken to map their distribution. There were 13 species of waterbirds (5 egret species, 2 day-heron species, 2 Cormorant species, 1 night-heron species, 1 darter species, 1 stork species, 1 Ibis species). Two species, the Black-headed Ibis and the Little pied cormorant were not found anymore compared to previous studies. The abundance of waterbirds was 4,950 individuals dominated by cormorant species (32%), egret species (28%), and Black-crowned night heron (23%). The number of waterbirds decreased sharply compared to previous studies. Nesting trees were distributed mostly in the east of the island, consisted of 3 sub-colony.
The challenges and opportunities in developing empowerment programs for communities living surrounding the forest with special purposes
Authors: Suryandari R T , Agustina A , Wicaksono R L 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Forest with Special Purpose (FwSP) is the type of forest management in Indonesia, which involves a university or training center as the main caretaker. FwSP is specifically designated to advance forestry’s research and development, education, and training in Indonesia. This article aims at mapping the problems the management of FwSP facing in dealing with the communities living surrounding the FwSP. It requires strong collaboration between local people and the FwSP to ensure that FwSP is able to preserve forest sustainability. The research utilizing mix method to collect the data from all universities FwSPs in Java Island, through online questionnaires and in-depth interviews with the directors of FwSP. The findings show FsWP face medium to serious challenges with regard to creating cooperation with local people. While all FwSP has created and implemented community development programs, building strong cooperation with local people is perceived to still require a long way to go to succeed. Most of FwSP targeted the activities to improve the quality of life i.e. alternative sources of income for local people. Developing local tourism with FwSP as the destination and involving local in developing the destination is one main long-term program agreed upon by the majority of FwSP directors.
Community-based tourism: natural resource management to improve social resilience in Pasir Eurih Village
Authors: Rachmawati V , Widodo J S , Wijaya M E , Hirawan F B 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article analyzes the challenges and opportunities of Community-Based Tourism (CBT) in Pasir Eurih Village, which is the oldest village in Bogor Regency that has a lot of cultural tourism potentials. to improve social resilience. Moreover, this research incorporated qualitative methods using interviews and document analysis by integrating the Quadruple Helix concept. In addition, the Quadruple Helix concept is an approach comprising four elements, namely academic, government, industry, and local community, which need to be synergized with each other. As a result, the local communities in Pasir Eurih village were the most involved party in developing communal welfare through their tourism programs. It was also found that the government’s guidance is not yet in accordance with the necessity of the village community and the program assistance is more top-down. Therefore, this study recommends all the four stakeholders to play their own parts without disregarding the internal communication among the actors to make the villages independent and resilient.
A comparison of metabolic labeling and statistical methods to infer genome-wide dynamics of RNA turnover
Authors: Boileau Etienne , Altmüller Janine , Naarmann-de Vries Isabel S , Dieterich Christoph 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Metabolic labeling of newly transcribed RNAs coupled with RNA-seq is being increasingly used for genome-wide analysis of RNA dynamics. Methods including standard biochemical enrichment and recent nucleotide conversion protocols each require special experimental and computational treatment. Despite their immediate relevance, these technologies have not yet been assessed and benchmarked, and no data are currently available to advance reproducible research and the development of better inference tools. Here, we present a systematic evaluation and comparison of four RNA labeling protocols: 4sU-tagging biochemical enrichment, including spike-in RNA controls, SLAM-seq, TimeLapse-seq and TUC-seq. All protocols are evaluated based on practical considerations, conversion efficiency and wet lab requirements to handle hazardous substances. We also compute decay rate estimates and confidence intervals for each protocol using two alternative statistical frameworks, pulseR and GRAND-SLAM, for over 11 600 human genes and evaluate the underlying computational workflows for their robustness and ease of use. Overall, we demonstrate a high inter-method reliability across eight use case scenarios. Our results and data will facilitate reproducible research and serve as a resource contributing to a fuller understanding of RNA biology.
Sperm migration, selection, survival, and fertilizing ability in the mammalian oviduct
Authors: Mahé Coline , Zlotkowska Aleksandra Maria , Reynaud Karine , Tsikis Guillaume , Mermillod Pascal , Druart Xavier , Schoen Jennifer , Saint-Dizier Marie 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn vitro fertilization (IVF) gives rise to embryos in a number of mammalian species and is currently widely used for assisted reproduction in humans and for genetic purposes in cattle. However, the rate of polyspermy is generally higher in vitro than in vivo and IVF remains ineffective in some domestic species like pigs and horses, highlighting the importance of the female reproductive tract for gamete quality and fertilization. In this review, the way the female environment modulates sperm selective migration, survival, and acquisition of fertilizing ability in the oviduct is being considered under six aspects: (1) the utero-tubal junction that selects a sperm sub-population entering the oviduct; (2) the presence of sperm binding sites on luminal epithelial cells in the oviduct, which prolong sperm viability and plays a role in limiting polyspermic fertilization; (3) the contractions of the oviduct, which promote sperm migration toward the site of fertilization in the ampulla; (4) the regions of the oviduct, which play different roles in regulating sperm physiology and interactions with oviduct epithelial cells; (5) the time of ovulation, and (6) the steroid hormonal environment which regulates sperm release from the luminal epithelial cells and facilitates capacitation in a finely orchestrated manner.