bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unravelling the contribution of complex trauma to psychopathology and cognitive deficits: a cohort study
Authors: Lewis Stephanie J. , Koenen Karestan C. , Ambler Antony , Arseneault Louise , Caspi Avshalom , Fisher Helen L. , Moffitt Terrie E. , Danese Andrea 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundComplex traumas are traumatic experiences that involve multiple interpersonal threats during childhood or adolescence, such as repeated abuse. These traumas are hypothesised to cause more severe psychopathology and poorer cognitive function than other non-complex traumas. However, empirical testing has been limited to clinical/convenience samples and cross-sectional designs.AimsTo investigate psychopathology and cognitive function in young people exposed to complex, non-complex or no trauma, from a population-representative longitudinal cohort, and to consider the role of pre-existing vulnerabilities.MethodParticipants were from the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a population-representative birth cohort of 2232 British children. At age 18 years (93% participation), we assessed lifetime exposure to complex and non-complex trauma, past-year psychopathology and current cognitive function. We also prospectively assessed early childhood vulnerabilities: internalising and externalising symptoms at 5 years of age, IQ at 5 years of age, family history of mental illness, family socioeconomic status and sex.ResultsParticipants exposed to complex trauma had more severe psychopathology and poorer cognitive function at 18 years of age, compared with both trauma-unexposed participants and those exposed to non-complex trauma. Early childhood vulnerabilities predicted risk of later complex trauma exposure, and largely explained associations of complex trauma with cognitive deficits, but not with psychopathology.ConclusionsBy conflating complex and non-complex traumas, current research and clinical practice underestimate the severity of psychopathology, cognitive deficits and pre-existing vulnerabilities linked with complex trauma. A better understanding of the mental health needs of people exposed to complex trauma could inform the development of new, more effective interventions.
African Americans With p16+ and p16− Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas Have Distinctly Poor Treatment Outcomes Independent of Medical Care Access
Authors: O'Neill W. Quinn , Wasman Jay , Thuener Jason , Chatfield-Reed Kate , Lukesic Lizabeth , Kyasram Ravi , Shanahan John , Szelesety Blake , Vu Brandon , Lavertu Pierre , Rezaee Rod , Li Shawn , Fowler Nicole , Teknos Theodoros N. , Pan Quintin 
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE: Human papilloma virus–positive (HPV+) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), diagnosed with p16 immunohistochemistry, is associated with favorable prognosis; however, this connection was established using European American (EA)–skewed populations. The impact of p16/human papillomavirus status on outcomes in African American (AA) OPSCC patients remains to be settled. In this study, we determine the association between cancer disparity and p16 status in an OPSCC cohort controlling for time to treatment initiation (TTI), a surrogate for medical care access. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed data from all patients diagnosed with OPSCC (N = 440) between 2010 and 2017, who received treatment at our academic medical center. Associations between age, disease stage, sex, p16 status, race, TTI, and overall survival (OS) were investigated. RESULTS: TTI was similar between AA and EA OPSCC patients in our p16+ ( P = .291) or p16− ( P = .715) cohorts. Among p16+ OPSCC patients, the median OS was > 8.65 years for EA patients compared with 5.038 years (95% CI, 2.019 to 5.30; P = .003, log-rank) for AA patients. For p16− patients, the median OS was 5.74 years (95% CI, 3.32 to 6.99) for EA patients and 1.85 years (95% CI, 0.978 to 4.50; P = .03, log-rank) for AA patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that race was an independent prognostic biomarker and the most impactful co-variate for OS (hazard ratio, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.00 to 0.69; P = .001). CONCLUSION: Our work showed that AAs with p16+ OPSCC have surprisingly poor clinical outcomes and are thus poor candidates for treatment de-escalation regimens. Caution should be exercised when extending clinical guidelines based on EA-majority studies to non-EA populations.
Slow Peer Review in the Writing Classroom
Authors: Oleksiak Timothy 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis article offers slow peer review as an approach to student-to-student peer review in the writing classroom. Slow peer review is based in the values and theories of rhetorical feminism and, when executed purposefully, can function as a fitting alternative to fake news rhetoric. In addition to articulating the steps of slow peer review, this article illustrates how two students in a sophomore-level writing class engaged in the practice. Initial results suggest that nondirective description can lead to meaningful changes in student writing. The article concludes with further considerations for writing teachers who wish to conduct slow peer review in their own classrooms.
Dissecting lipid droplet biology with coherent Raman scattering microscopy
Authors: Chen Tao , Yavuz Ahmet , Wang Meng C. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Lipid droplets (LDs) are lipid-rich organelles universally found in most cells. They serve as a key energy reservoir, actively participate in signal transduction and dynamically communicate with other organelles. LD dysfunction has been associated with a variety of diseases. The content level, composition and mobility of LDs are crucial for their physiological and pathological functions, and these different parameters of LDs are subject to regulation by genetic factors and environmental inputs. Coherent Raman scattering (CRS) microscopy utilizes optical nonlinear processes to probe the intrinsic chemical bond vibration, offering label-free, quantitative imaging of lipids in vivo with high chemical specificity and spatiotemporal resolution. In this Review, we provide an overview over the principle of CRS microscopy and its application in tracking different parameters of LDs in live cells and organisms. We also discuss the use of CRS microscopy in genetic screens to discover lipid regulatory mechanisms and in understanding disease-related lipid pathology.
Development and Validation of a Short Version of the Metric for the Observation of Decision-Making in Multidisciplinary Tumor Boards: MODe-Lite
Authors: Lamb B. W. , Miah S. , Skolarus T. A. , Stewart G. D. , Green J. S. A. , Sevdalis N. , Soukup T. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Evidence-based tools are necessary for scientifically improving the way MTBs work. Such tools are available but can be difficult to use. This study aimed to develop a robust observational assessment tool for use on cancer multidisciplinary tumor boards (MTBs) by health care professionals in everyday practice.

Methods
A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the United Kingdom from September 2015 to July 2016. Three tumor boards from three teaching hospitals were recruited, with 44 members overall. Six weekly meetings involving 146 consecutive cases were video-recorded and scored using the validated MODe tool. Data were subjected to reliability and validity analysis in the current study to develop a shorter version of the MODe.

Results
Phase 1, a reduction of the original items in the MODe, was achieved through two focus group meetings with expert assessors based on previous research. The 12 original items were reduced to 6 domains, receiving full agreement by the assessors. In phase 2, the six domains were subjected to item reliability, convergent validation, and internal consistency testing against the MODe-Lite global score, the MODe global score, and the items of the MODe. Significant positive correlations were evident across all domains (p < 0.01), indicating good reliability and validity. In phase 3, feasibility and high inter-assessor reliability were achieved by two clinical assessors. Six domains measuring clinical input, holistic input, clinical collaboration, pathology, radiology, and management plan were integrated into MODe-Lite.

Conclusions
As an evidence-based tool for health care professionals in everyday practice, MODe-Lite gives cancer MTBs insight into the way they work and facilitates improvements in practice.
Funkcjonalność pojęć temporalnych w dyskursie prawnym i urzędowym
Authors: Kowalczyk Joanna 
Published: May 2021

Functionality of Temporal Concepts in Legal and Public Administration Discourse
The article is dedicated to the concept of time in the context of its potential to organize legal interactions. The subject of the study includes time markers in Polish legislative, official and court documents. The aim of the article is to describe the temporal terminology used in legal and official communication, and to find pragmatic characteristics that make it possible for the concept of time to organize extralinguistic reality in many different aspects. The author of the article analyses both fixed language constructs and language units with an open and occasional structure.
Witold Taszycki a polska onomastyka
Authors: Babik Zbigniew 
Published: May 2021

Witold Taszycki and Polish Onomastics
The author of the article discusses the merits of Witold Taszycki, professor of the Jan Kazimierz and Jagiellonian universities (1898–1979), from the perspective of a contemporary Polish onomastician of the middle generation. The author mainly focused on Taszycki’s way of organizing the environment and planning team research on Polish names of people and places. It is justified to think that it was Taszycki, not so much with his own works in the field, but especially through selecting and educating the staff, who, to the greatest extent, determined the present form and research directions of this discipline in Poland.
A Theory of Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of School Quality
Authors: Narita Yusuke 
Published: May 2021

Many centralized school admissions systems use lotteries to ration limited seats at oversubscribed schools. The resulting random assignment is used by empirical researchers to identify the effects of schools on outcomes like test scores. I first find that the two most popular empirical research designs may not successfully extract a random assignment of applicants to schools. When are the research designs able to overcome this problem? I show the following main results for a class of data-generating mechanisms containing those used in practice: The first-choice research design extracts a random assignment under a mechanism if the mechanism is strategy-proof for schools. In contrast, the other qualification instrument research design does not necessarily extract a random assignment under any mechanism. The former research design is therefore more compelling than the latter. Many applications of the two research designs need some implicit assumption, such as large-sample approximately random assignment, to justify their empirical strategy. This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, decision analysis.
Refractive index sensor based on a Tamm Fabry–Perot hybrid resonance
Authors: Das Debayan , Boyer Philippe , Salvi Jérôme 
Published: May 2021

A highly sensitive refractive index sensor is proposed by using the resonant coupling of a Tamm state to a Fabry–Perot resonance in slits periodically pierced in a metal film. This new hybrid resonance exists at the interface between a dielectric Bragg mirror and a subwavelength metal grating. Contrary to a classic Tamm plasmon, it is sensitive to the ambient media refractive index due to its confinement inside the grating slits. The proposed sensor output can be either the reflected intensity or preferably the wavelength, and its sensitivity and figure of merit are numerically investigated with the help of rigorous coupled wave analysis. The sensitivity of the studied sensor is 87 nm/RIU for a refractive index range from 1.25 to 1.38, and, at the expense of the resolution, it can reach up to 160 nm/RIU for a grating duty cycle of 50%. The figure of merit is around

7.5

R
I
U

−
1

with a large measuring range. The index sensor performances and operating resonance wavelength can be modified by adjusting the grating geometric parameters (height and duty cycle). The possibility to achieve wavelength modulation in any spectral range makes the proposed grating Tamm structure an attractive candidate to design refractive index sensors and photonic components in the infrared and terahertz domains.
Exploration of yellow-emitting phosphors for white LEDs from natural resources
Authors: Xu Shengxiang , Hu Huimin , Shi Qiang , Yang Bing , Zhao Ling , Wang Qingru , Wang Wenjun 
Published: May 2021

White light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are widely used in various lighting fields as a part of energy-efficient technology. However, some shortcomings of luminescent materials for white LEDs, such as complexity of synthesis, high cost, and harmful impact on the environment, limit their practical applications to a large extent. In this respect, the present work aims to study the ability of using Berberine (BBR) chloride extracted from Rhizoma coptidis and Phellodendron Chinese herbs as yellow phosphor for white LEDs. For this, white LEDs were successfully fabricated by applying 0.006 g of BBR chloride onto the blue LED chips (450 nm). The produced LEDs exhibited good luminescence properties at a voltage of 2.4 V along with eco-friendly characteristics and low cost. The Commission International de l’Eclairage chromaticity, the correlated color temperature, and the color rendering index were determined to be (

x

=

0.32

,

y

=

0.33

), 5934 K, and 74, respectively. Therefore, BBR chloride is a suitable environmentally friendly and easily accessible yellow phosphor for white LEDs.
Filterless radio-over-fiber system that generates 80 and 160  GHz millimeter waves based on two MZMs
Authors: Huang Ziqiang , Cao Changqing , Feng Zhejun , Zeng Xiaodong , Wu Jin , Wu Qifan , Wu Zengyan 
Published: May 2021

In this paper, we propose a radio-over-fiber system with no filters and generate 80 and 160 GHz millimeter (mm) waves via two Mach–Zehnder modulators (MZMs). The two MZMs, biased at the maximum transmission point, are used to suppress odd-order sidebands. By controlling the phase difference between the RF driving signal of the two MZMs, the

±
(

4

n
−
2

)

-order is canceled. By adjusting the optical attenuator and phase shifter, the 0-order sideband is canceled, so only the

±
4

n

-order sidebands are left. The simulation results show that using a 10 GHz RF signal to drive the MZMs, we obtain an 80 GHz mm wave signal with a 36.59 dB optical sideband suppression ratio (OSSR), a 30.27 dB radio frequency sideband suppression ratio (RFSSR), and a 160 GHz mm wave signal with a 30.34 dB OSSR and 24.77 dB RFSSR. The results are consistent with the theoretical analysis. Because no optical filter is employed and only two MZMs are used, the system exhibits a simple structure, good performance and is low cost.
Robust aperiodic synchronous scheme for satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution
Authors: Wang Chaoze , Li Yang , Cai Wenqi , Yang Meng , Liu Weiyue , Liao Shengkai , Peng Chengzhi 
Published: May 2021

Time synchronization is essential for quantum key distribution (QKD) applications, not only in fiber links and terrestrial free-space links but also in satellite-to-ground links. To compensate for the time drift caused by the Doppler effect and adapt to the unstable optical link in satellite-to-ground QKD, previous demonstrations adopted a two-stage solution, combining a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and light synchronization. In this paper, we propose a novel aperiodic synchronization scheme that can achieve high-precision time synchronization by encoding time information into pseudo-random laser pulse positions. This solution can simplify the use of GNSS hardware, thus reducing the complexity and cost of the system. Successful experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the feasibility and robustness of the presented scheme, resulting in a synchronization precision of 208–222 ps even when 90% of the light signals are lost. Further analysis of the Doppler effect between the satellite and the ground station is also given. The presented robust aperiodic synchronization can be widely applied to future satellite-based quantum information applications.
Influence of temperature and dose rate on radiation-induced attenuation at 1542  nm in fluorine-doped fibers
Authors: Gallet Antoine , Caussanel Matthieu , Gilard Olivier , Duval Hervé , Eynard Julien , Djama Kadar Mahamoud , Thil Stéphane , Grieu Stéphane , Grimaud Thomas , Pastouret Alain 
Published: May 2021

Radiation-induced attenuation (RIA) at 1542 nm of fluorine-doped fibers under gamma radiation source has been investigated for different dose rates and temperatures. Both the temperature and dose rate dependencies are unusual. First, the fiber presents an enhanced low dose rate sensitivity that is favored by increasing temperature. Furthermore, in certain conditions, RIA increases with irradiation temperature, which is a very rare phenomenon. We have built a phenomenological model that shows that these behaviors can be explained considering that two color centers previously identified in the literature are responsible for RIA: inherent and strain-assisted self-trapped holes.
Engineered nanophotonic waveguide with ultra-low dispersion
Authors: Mishra Rahul Dev , Singh Lalit , Rajput Swati , Kaushik Vishal , Srivastava Sulabh , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: May 2021

A silicon-based engineered hybrid plasmonic waveguide with ultra-low dispersion is proposed. The ridge-shaped structure of the nanophotonic waveguide enables nano-scale confinement with electrically tunable characteristics using the plasma dispersion effect in silicon. The waveguide exhibits ultra-low dispersion of

1.28

p
s

2

/

m

at telecommunication wavelength (1550 nm) in C band together with dual flatband dispersion over a wavelength range of 370 nm. The hybrid plasmonic mode is made to be confined in 15 nm thick

S
i
O

2

with a propagation loss of 15.3 dB/mm utilizing the engineered ridge structure comprising Si,

S
i
O

2

, and gold. In addition, the proposed waveguide shows six zero-dispersion wavelengths. The imaginary and real parts of the effective refractive index of the guided hybrid plasmonic mode are reported to be tunable with the applied voltage. The reported numerical results can pave the way for achieving intensity modulators and other electrically tunable devices at telecommunication wavelengths. The ultra-low dispersion and electrical tuning make this nanophotonic waveguide an absolute contender for applications including efficient nonlinear signal processing such as wide wavelength conversion based on four-wave mixing, supercontinuum generation, and other nanoscale integrated photonic devices.
Tunable-shift stimulated Raman scattering in water by chirped 50  fs to 4.5  ps UV-pulses
Authors: Chizhov Pavel A. , Grishin Mikhail Ya. , Pershin Sergey M. , Lednev Vasily N. , Ushakov Alexander A. , Bukin Vladimir V. 
Published: May 2021

Forward stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) induced by focused 400 nm pulses chirped to different pulse durations is observed in water and heavy water. The first Stokes Raman peak shift is shown to be tunable in the range of

3500

−

4200

c
m

−
1

in water and

2450

−

3250

c
m

−
1

in heavy water. It is demonstrated that the Stokes peak shift increases for shorter pulse durations and higher intensities.
KERAGAMAN LUMUT KERAK PADA TANAMAN TEH (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) DI PERKEBUNAN TEH PT. SARANA MANDIRI MUKTI KABUPATEN KEPAHIANG PROVINSI BENGKULU
Authors: Supriati Rochmah , Helmiyetti Helmiyetti , Agustian Dwi 
Published: May 2021

Lichen is a mutualism symbiotic organism between fungi (mycobiont) and photosynthetic symbiont in the form of algae (photobiont). It can be found from the lowlands to the highlands, growing epiphytically on soil, rocks, weathered wood, and tree bark, as shown on surface of the tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) in The PT Sarana Mandiri Mukti Tea plantation in Kepahiang regency, Bengkulu Province. The purpose of this research was to identify and find out the species of epiphytic lichens on the tea plant in this place. The study was conducted in May–November 2019. Samples was collected purposively, by taken ephyphitic lichens growth on the bark of tea plants stems. Then, samples was identified based on morphological characteristics at the Basic Science Biosystematics Laboratory, FMIPA University of Bengkulu. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. It was identified as many as 35 species of lichens from the Ascomycota division, belonged to three classes, six orders, 11 families; those are Graphidaaceae, Stereocaulaceae, Parmeliaceae, Lecanoraceae, Malmideaeceae, Pertusariaceae, Teloschistaceae, Caliciaceae, Physciaceae, Arthoniaceae, dan Pyrenulaceae. 23 species have crustose type thalus and 12 species have foliose type thalus.
KAJIAN AWAL POTENSI OPOSUM LAYANG (Petaurus breviceps) SEBAGAI RESERVOIR BAKTERI ZOONOTIK DAN RESISTENSI ANTIMIKROBA
Authors: Safitri Rifka A. N. , Nisa Sarsa A. , Inayah Nurul , Nugraha Taufiq P. , Suprihadi Agung , Pujiyanto Sri , Achmadi Anang S. , Nditasari Achirul , Saputra Sugiyono 
Published: May 2021

Oposum layang atau sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps) merupakan salah satu satwa endemik Indonesia. Permintaan akan satwa eksotis ini sebagai hewan peliharaan terus meningkat namun informasi terkait potensi zoonosis yang ditimbulkannya masih sangat terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi dan mengidentifikasi bakteri patogen yang dibawa oleh oposum layang melalui pendekatan culture-dependant method dan untuk mengetahui pola resistensi antibiotiknya. Sampel yang digunakan adalah feses oposum layang (n=21) yang dikoleksi dari fasilitas riset satwa liar di Pusat Penelitian Biologi LIPI, Bogor. Berdasarkan uji presumptif Salmonella pada medium Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD) agar, sebanyak 6 sampel (29%) dinyatakan positif, sedangkan uji presumtif untuk Listeria pada Listeria isolation transwab dinyatakan positif untuk semua sampel (100%). Secara total, sebanyak 43 isolat telah berhasil dikoleksi dan dikarakterisasi fenotipiknya terhadap antibiotik dan sembilan isolat (21%) diantaranya menunjukkan adanya resistensi terhadap satu jenis antibiotik atau lebih. Sementara itu, tiga isolat potensial patogen telah diidentifikasi menggunakan gen 16S rRNA yaitu Shigella sonnei (X15), Klebsiella pneumoniae (X21) dan Bacillus flexus (H8). Penelitian lanjutan untuk mengidentifikasi bakteri yang dikoleksi dan mengkonfirmasi patogenisitasnya masih perlu dilakukan namun berdasarkan hasil dari kajian awal ini, kami menguatkan hipotesis bahwa oposum layang berpotensi sebagai reservoir dari bakteri zoonosis sekaligus reservoir dari resistensi antimikroba.