bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of ultrasound‐assisted microwave hot air convective drying Chinese hickory—Drying kinetics and product's quality properties
Authors: Zhang Jigang , Li Maoye , Ding Zhien , Wang Chuyan , Cheng Jianghua 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe fresh Chinese hickory nuts (Carya cathayensis sarg.) were exposed to airborne ultrasound‐assisted convective drying and microwave‐assisted convective drying, as well as their combination. We investigated the effect of different drying schemes on process kinetics and quality characteristics. The global model of drying kinetics based on coupled ordinary differential equations was used to describe the moisture and material temperature profiles during drying. Application of ultrasound and microwave in convective drying reduced drying time in the range of 14.0–56.6%, but the maximum savings was found for simultaneous exposure of convection, ultrasound, and microwave with the range of 73.6–84.2%. The globally mathematical model was successfully used to simulate the real drying kinetics processes. The quality properties about the content of heat‐sensitive bioactive substances such as phenolic, flavonoid, proanthocyanidin, individual phenolic compounds, as well as antioxidant capacity in convective drying assisted with microwave (100 W) and ultrasound (200 W; CU2M1) are found to be significantly higher than the other groups. The results allow stating ultrasound increase drying efficiency, as expected by reducing the drying time there is less damage to the product.Practical ApplicationIn this work, we designed an experimental scale hybrid dryer that equipped with hot‐air convective drying, ultrasound generator and microwave drying system to dehydrate Chinese hickory nut and the effect of different drying schemes on the drying kinetics and product characteristics were investigated. This is an innovative technology of microwave and ultrasound hybrid drying to produce dried hickory products. Application of ultrasound and microwave in convective drying reduced drying time in the range of 14–56.6%, but the shortest drying time was observed for simultaneous action of convection, ultrasound, and microwave. The results of qualitative analysis showed a product improvement due to ultrasound as compared to convective drying and microwave‐convective drying.
Transient expansion of the expression region of Hsd11b1, encoding 11β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, in the developing mouse neocortex
Authors: Doi Miyuki , Oka Yuichiro , Taniguchi Manabu , Sato Makoto 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCorticosteroids are stress‐related hormones that maintain homeostasis. The most effective corticosteroids are corticosterone (CORT) in rodents and cortisol in primates. 11β‐Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β‐HSD1; EC 1.1.1.146), encoded by Hsd11b1, is a key regulator of the local concentration of CORT/cortisol. Hsd11b1 expression in layer 5 of the primary somatosensory cortex has been shown in adult mice. However, its localization in the entire neocortex, especially during development, has not been fully addressed. Here, we established robust and dynamic expression profiles of Hsd11b1 in the developing mouse neocortex. Hsd11b1 was found mostly in pyramidal neurons. By retrograde tracing, we observed that some Hsd11b1‐positive cells were projection neurons, indicating that at least some were excitatory. At postnatal day 0 (P0), Hsd11b1 was expressed in the deep layer of the somatosensory cortex. Then, from P3 to P8, the expression area expanded broadly; it was observed in layers 4 and 5, spanning the whole neocortex, including the primary motor cortex (M1) and the primary visual cortex (V1). The positive region gradually narrowed from P14 onwards and was ultimately limited to layer 5 of the somatosensory cortex at P26 and later. Furthermore, we administered CORT to nursing dams to increase the systemic CORT level of their pups. Here, we observed a reduced number of Hsd11b1‐positive cells in the neocortex of these pups. Our observation suggests that Hsd11b1 expression in the developing neocortex is affected by systemic CORT levels. It is possible that stress on mothers influences the neocortical development of their children.
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ENETS standardized (synoptic) reporting for molecular imaging studies in neuroendocrine tumours
Authors: Hicks Rodney J. , Dromain Clarisse , de Herder Wouter W. , Costa Frederico P. , Deroose Christophe M. , Frilling Andrea , Koumarianou Anna , Krenning Eric P. , Raymond Eric , Bodei Lisa , Sorbye Halfdan , Welin Staffan , Wiedenmann Bertram , Wild Damian , Howe James R. , Yao James , O’Toole Dermot , Sundin Anders , Prasad Vikas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) promotes practices and procedures that aim to improve the standard of care delivered to patients diagnosed with or suspected of having neuroendocrine neoplasia (NEN). At its annual Scientific Advisory Board Meeting in 2018, experts in imaging, pathology and clinical care of patients with NEN drafted guidance for the standardised reporting of diagnostic studies critical to the diagnosis, grading, staging and treatment of NEN. These included pathology, radiology, endoscopy and molecular imaging procedures. In an iterative process, a synoptic reporting template for molecular imaging procedures was developed to guide personalised therapies. Following pilot implementation and refinement within the ENETS Center of Excellence network, harmonisation with specialist imaging societies including the Society of Nuclear Medicine, European Association of Nuclear Medicine and the International Cancer Imaging Society will be pursued.
Tongue pressure waveform analysis for ascertaining the influence of tongue muscle composition on articulation
Authors: Nakao Yuta , Uchiyama Yuki , Honda Kosuke , Hasegawa Yoko , Nanto Tomoki , Jomoto Wataru , Domen Kazuhisa 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundRate force development is associated with performance and muscle composition in whole‐body muscle. Although rate force development on tongue muscle can be examined using tongue pressure waveform, there have been only few investigations on this topic.ObjectivesThis study's main purpose was to investigate the reliability of tongue pressure waveform analysis and its relationship with articulation and tongue muscle composition. In addition, we also investigated the association between tongue muscle composition and articulation.MethodsForty‐five community‐dwelling individuals aged >20 years participated. We analysed tongue pressure waveform, including maximum tongue pressure (MTP), time to peak, mean rate of tongue force development and peak rate of tongue force development (PRTFD). We also assessed oral diadochokinesis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the tongue provided data on tongue muscle composition, including tongue volume, fat mass, lean muscle mass and fat percentage. We evaluated the reliability of tongue pressure waveform analysis. Moreover, we examined the coefficients between tongue pressure waveform analysis, oral diadochokinesis and tongue composition.ResultsWe detected a high reliability of MTP and PRTFD. MTP and PRTFD were significantly correlated with tongue muscle composition. MTP was not significantly correlated with oral diadochokinesis. PRTFD was significantly positively correlated with oral diadochokinesis. Tongue fat mass and fat percentage were negatively correlated with oral diadochokinesis of /ta/ and /ka/.ConclusionsPeak rate of tongue force development is a highly reliable method for tongue pressure analysis and is useful for elucidating the functional importance of tongue muscle function on articulation. We speculated that fatty infiltration of the tongue adversely affects articulation.
When change is all around: How dynamic network capability and generative NPD learning shape a firm’s capacity for major innovation
Authors: Chen Yongjian (Ken) , Coviello Nicole , Ranaweera Chatura 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHow can firms shape their capacity to engage in major innovation when change is all around? Drawing on dynamic capability theory, we argue that a firm needs to be able to sense, seize, and transform network relationships for new product development (NPD). Referred to here as a “dynamic network capability,” this facilitates generative NPD learning, whereby the firm both (1) unlearns and (2) engages in exploratory new learning. In turn, we argue that generative NPD learning is strongly associated with a firm's capacity for major innovation. Our theorizing is supported by a study of 184 small‐ and medium‐sized, U.S. manufacturing firms. A moderated mediation analysis suggests that when external dynamism is high, generative NPD learning mediates the relationship between dynamic network capability and major innovation capacity. This indicates that the firm's ability to “relearn” is critical. This mediating effect is further strengthened when internal dynamism is also high. Our results provide empirical evidence that the higher‐order concept of a dynamic capability influences the reconfiguration of resources such as NPD knowledge. The findings also signal the combined influence of external (environmental) and internal (organizational) dynamism on this relationship.
From Euphoria to Dysphoria –Why do Cricketers Suffer from High Rates of Depression?
Authors: Tindale Alexander 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCricketers suffer from higher rates of depression than both the general public and other sportsmen, as evidenced by the high suicide rates amongst retired test cricketers compared with age‐matched controls. This is likely due to a complex array of psychosocial factors including the nature of sportsmen that play cricket, the unique nature of the sport, the duration of matches and hence the time away from support networks and the social situation of cricketers in the pre‐professional era.
Thinking about social power and hierarchy in medical education
Authors: Vanstone Meredith , Grierson Lawrence 
Published: September 2021

AbstractContextSocial power has been diversely conceptualised in many academic areas. Operating on both the micro (interactional) and macro (structural) levels, we understand power to shape behaviour and knowledge through both repression and production. Hierarchies are one organising form of power, stratifying individuals or groups based on the possession of valued social resources.DiscussionMedicine is a highly organised social context where work and learning are contingent on interaction and thereby influenced greatly by social power and hierarchy. Despite the relevance of power to education research, there are many unrealized opportunities to use this construct to expand our understanding of how physicians work and learn. Hierarchy, when considered in our field, is typically gestured to as an omnipresent feature of the clinical environment that harms low‐status individuals by repressing their ability to communicate openly and exercise their agency. This may be true in many circumstances, but this conceptualization of hierarchy neglects consideration of other aspects of hierarchy that may be generative for understanding the experiences of medical learners. For example, medical learners may experience the superimposition of multiple hierarchies, some of which are fluid and some of which are calcified, some of which are productive and helpful and some of which are oppressive and harmful. Power may work ‘up’ and ‘across’ hierarchical ranks, rather than just from higher status to lower status individuals.ConclusionThe conceptualizations of how social power shapes human behaviour are diverse. Often paired with hierarchy, or social arrangement, these social scientific ideas have much to offer our collective study of the ways that health professionals learn and practice. Accordingly, we posit that a consideration of the ways social power works through hierarchies to nurture or harm the growth of learners should be granted explicit consideration in the framing and conduct of medical education research.
Effects of rhythmic eye movements during a virtual reality exposure paradigm for spider‐phobic patients
Authors: Reitmaier Jessica , Schiller Anika , Mühlberger Andreas , Pfaller Michael , Meyer Marie , Shiban Youssef 
Published: September 2021

Rhythmic eye movements performed during eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy have been shown to evoke a physiological de‐arousal pattern.ObjectivesHere, we examined whether the efficacy of a virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) paradigm for phobic patients could be improved by adding rhythmic eye movements.DesignSpider‐phobic patients (N = 53) were randomly assigned to either a group performing rhythmic eye movements or a control group undergoing exposure without such eye movements.MethodsDuring the VRET session, heart rate, electrodermal activity, eye movements, and subjective fear ratings were recorded. Participants underwent behavioural avoidance tests before and after treatment as well as a follow‐up 10–14 days later. Questionnaire data were assessed before exposure and at follow‐up.ResultsThere were clear treatment effects in both groups with almost no group differences (i.e., the subjective fear ratings and the skin conductance response).ConclusionsContrary to our expectation, the implementation of rhythmic eye movements during virtual exposure did not enhance the effectiveness of the treatment. However, the eye movement group did show a significantly lower heart rate during exposure compared with the control group which might indicate a less stressful treatment.Practitioner points

One‐session Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy reduced fear of spiders effectively.

Performing rhythmic eye movements during exposure did not enhance therapy effects.

Rhythmic eye movements during exposure resulted in lower heart rate than standard exposure.
Role of ethylene in effective establishment of the peanut–bradyrhizobia symbiotic interaction
Authors: Muñoz V. L. , Figueredo M. S. , Reinoso H. , Fabra A. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT

Ethylene has been implicated in nitrogen fixing symbioses in legumes, where rhizobial invasion occurs via infection threads (IT). In the symbiosis between peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and bradyrhizobia, the bacteria penetrate the root cortex intercellularly and IT are not formed. Little attention has been paid to the function of ethylene in the establishment of this symbiosis. The aim of this article is to evaluate whether ethylene plays a role in the development of this symbiotic interaction and the participation of Nod Factors (NF) in the regulation of ethylene signalling.

Manipulation of ethylene in peanut was accomplished by application of 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC), which mimics applied ethylene, or AgNO3, which blocks ethylene responses. To elucidate the participation of NF in the regulation of ethylene signalling, we inoculated plants with a mutant isogenic rhizobial strain unable to produce NF and evaluated the effect of AgNO3 on gene expression of NF and ethylene responsive signalling pathways.

Data revealed that ethylene perception is required for the formation of nitrogen‐fixing nodules, while addition of ACC does not affect peanut symbiotic performance. This phenotypic evidence is in agreement with transcriptomic data from genes involved in symbiotic and ethylene signalling pathways. NF seem to modulate the expression of ethylene signalling genes.

Unlike legumes infected through IT formation, ACC addition to peanut does not adversely affect nodulation, but ethylene perception is required for establishment of this symbiosis. Evidence for the contribution of NF to the modulation of ethylene‐inducible defence gene expression is provided.
What is giving vitality to continue at work? A qualitative study of older health professionals’ vitality sources
Authors: Söderbacka Tina , Nyholm Linda , Fagerström Lisbeth 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground and aimVitality is described as ‘life energy’, ‘inner strength’ and ‘inner health resource’ and is the essence of health. Especially during the ageing process, it is of fundamental importance that an individual's health resources are strengthened to support work ability. The need for health services increases as the population ages and meanwhile the workforce in health care is also ageing. The aim of the study was to explore what is giving vitality to older workers in health care to continue at work until retirement age and maybe even an extended working life.Informants, methodology and methodsA qualitative interview study was conducted. A total of 15 people aged 59–65 participated in the study, all of them working in the health care sector. Five participants were administrative personnel and ten were nurses. One man and fourteen women took part in the study. Qualitative content analyses were used.FindingsThe results show that meaningful work, possibilities to use one's knowledge, relationships and work community are promoting vitality. Vitality is affected by work conditions, benefits, personal values and own health.ConclusionPlans about continuing at work seem to depend on both external and internal reasons. Knowledge of what influences older employees’ vitality resources makes it possible to improve their work situation so that vitality and work ability can be maintained by occupational health and employers despite the ageing process.
Ultrasound‐guided percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for the treatment of cephalic arch stenosis in hemodialysis arteriovenous fistulas
Authors: Xing Xue , Wang Zhixiang , Yang Yi , Li Jin , Xu Gang , He Fan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesCephalic arch stenosis (CAS) is a common cause that leads to the failure of hemodialysis arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs). Patients with CAS are primarily treated with fluoroscopy‐guided angioplasty. Here, seven patients with de novo cephalic arch stenosis who underwent office‐based UG‐PTA were.MethodsRetrospectively analyzed the total of 321 patients with AVF dysfunction in the nephrology departmnet between July 2017 and October 2018. Among them, seven patients with de novo CAS were included in this study and followed up every 2 months for more than a year.ResultsNo significant complications were seen from the operations, and the primary patency rates at 6 and 12 months were found to be 100% and 42.8%, respectively.ConclusionsThe office‐based UG‐PTA is probably safe, effective, and feasible in the management of CAS and can be used as a substitute for fluoroscopy‐guided PTA.
The mafic volcanic climax of the Paraná‐Etendeka Large Igneous Province as the trigger of the Weissert Event
Authors: Bacha Rafael R. B. , Waichel Breno L. , Ernst Richard E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe association between Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) and mass extinctions and anoxic events is attributed to the radical climatic changes in Earth. Even though the Early Cretaceous Paraná–Etendeka Igneous Province has a comparable erupted volume (>1 Mkm3) to other LIPs (e.g., Deccan, Emeishan and Siberian Traps), it remains controversial why this LIP did not contribute to a mass extinction and whether it is associated with the Weissert Event. This work presents new 40Ar/39Ar dating over a 425‐m vertical stratigraphic profile (out of 1,000 m) that spans three formations of the PE‐LIP in southern Brazil (low‐Ti Vale do Sol, high‐Ti Urubici, and high‐Ti Palmas). Our data demonstrate that this mafic lava pile was emplaced in c. 2.0 m.y., from c. 135.5 Ma to c. 133.5 Ma, and endorse the hypothesis that the basaltic and andesitic flows of the Vale do Sol Formation (peak of mafic magmatism) contributed to the Weissert Event.
TaNAC100 acts as an integrator of seed protein and starch synthesis exerting pleiotropic effects on agronomic traits in wheat
Authors: Li Jihu , Xie Lina , Tian Xiuling , Liu Siyang , Xu Dengan , Jin Hui , Song Jie , Dong Yan , Zhao Dehui , Li Genying , Li Yulian , Zhang Yan , Zhang Yong , Xia Xianchun , He Zhonghu , Cao Shuanghe 
Published: September 2021

SUMMARYHigh‐molecular‐weight glutenin subunits (HMW‐GS) are major components of seed storage proteins (SSPs) and largely determine the processing properties of wheat (Triticum aestivum) flour. HMW‐GS are encoded by the GLU‐1 loci and regulated at the transcriptional level by interaction between cis‐elements and transcription factors (TFs). We recently validated the function of conserved cis‐regulatory modules (CCRMs) in GLU‐1 promoters, but their interacting TFs remained uncharacterized. Here we identified a CCRM‐binding NAM‐ATAF‐CUC (NAC) protein, TaNAC100, through yeast one‐hybrid (Y1H) library screening. Transactivation assays demonstrated that TaNAC100 could bind to the GLU‐1 promoters and repress their transcription activity in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana). Overexpression of TaNAC100 in wheat significantly reduced the contents of HMW‐GS and other SSPs as well as total seed protein. This was confirmed by transcriptome analyses. Conversely, enhanced expression of TaNAC100 increased seed starch contents and expression of key starch synthesis‐related genes, such as TaGBSS1 and TaSUS2. Y1H assays also indicated TaNAC100 binding with the promoters of TaGBSS1 and TaSUS2. These results suggest that TaNAC100 functions as a hub controlling seed protein and starch synthesis. Phenotypic analyses showed that TaNAC100 overexpression repressed plant height, increased heading date, and promoted seed size and thousand kernel weight. We also investigated sequence variations in a panel of cultivars, but did not identify significant association of TaNAC100 haplotypes with agronomic traits. The findings not only uncover a useful gene for wheat breeding but also provide an entry point to reveal the mechanism underlying metabolic balance of seed storage products.
Tribological Behavior of Microalloyed Cu50Zr50 Alloy
Authors: Younes A. , De la Flor S. , Clark S. J. , Nutter J. , Birkett M. , Watson J. O. , Unthank M. , Gonzalez Sergio 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Promoting the martensitic transformation through optimum microalloying with Fe and/or Mn was observed to be an effective method to enhance the wear resistance of the Cu50Zr50 at% shape memory alloy (SMA). Among all the potential microelements and concentrations, partial replacement of Cu by up to 1 at% Fe and Mn is of interest since from density functional-based calculations, large minimization of the stacking fault energy (SFE) of the B2 CuZr phase is predicted. For this reason, an effective martensitic transformation is expected. The largest decrease of the SFE from 0.36 J/m2 to 0.26 J/m2 is achieved with partial replacement of Cu by 0.5 at% Fe. This results in the highest martensitic transformation upon wear testing, especially at highest load (15 N) for which the mass loss is 0.0123 g compared to 0.0177 g for Cu50Zr50 and a specific wear-rate of 5.9 mm3/Nm, compared to 8.5 for mm3/Nm for Cu50Zr50. This agrees with the low coefficient of friction of 0.48 ± 0.05 and low roughness of 0.200 ± 0.013 µm of the Fe-containing alloy compared to that for Cu50Zr50, 0.55 and 0.415 ± 0.026 µm, respectively. All the worn surfaces show the formation of abrasive grooves, being shallowest for the more wear resistant 0.5 at% Fe alloy. The second more wear resistant alloy contains 0.5 at% Mn. Wear mechanisms of abrasion, adhesion, and delamination have been identified.