bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment and characteristics analysis of a crop–drought vulnerability curve: a case study of European winter wheat
Authors: Wu Yanshen , Guo Hao , Zhang Anyu , Wang Jing'ai 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. As an essential component of drought risk, crop–drought
vulnerability refers to the degree of the adverse response of a crop to a
drought event. Different drought intensities and environments can cause
significant differences in crop yield losses. Therefore, quantifying drought
vulnerability and then identifying its spatial characteristics will help
understand vulnerability and develop risk-reduction strategies. We select
the European winter wheat growing area as the study area and 0.5∘ × 0.5∘ grids as the basic assessment units. Winter wheat
drought vulnerability curves are established based on the
erosion–productivity impact calculator model simulation. Their loss change
and loss extent characteristics are quantitatively analysed by the key
points and cumulative loss rate, respectively, and are then synthetically
identified via K-means clustering. The results show the following. (1) The
regional yield loss rate starts to rapidly increase from 0.13 when the
drought index reaches 0.18 and then converts to a relatively stable stage
with the value of 0.74 when the drought index reaches 0.66. (2) In contrast
to the Pod Plain, the stage transitions of the vulnerability curve lags
behind in the southern mountain area, indicating a stronger tolerance to
drought. (3) According to the loss characteristics during the initial,
development, and attenuation stages, the vulnerability curves can be divided
into five clusters, namely low-low-low, low-low-medium,
medium-medium-medium, high-high-high, and low-medium-high loss types,
corresponding to the spatial distribution from low latitude to high latitude
and from mountain to plain. The paper provides ideas for the study of the
impact of environment on vulnerability and for the possible application of
vulnerability curve in the context of climate change.
Offshore wind farm global blockage measured with scanning lidar
Authors: Schneemann Jörge , Theuer Frauke , Rott Andreas , Dörenkämper Martin , Kühn Martin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The objective of this paper was the experimental investigation of the accumulated induction effect of a large offshore wind farm as a whole,
i.e. the global-blockage effect, in relation to atmospheric-stability estimates and wind farm operational states. We measured the inflow of a
400 MW offshore wind farm in the German North Sea with a scanning long-range Doppler wind lidar. A methodology to reduce the statistical
variability of different lidar scans at comparable measurement conditions was introduced, and an extensive uncertainty assessment of the averaged
wind fields was performed to be able to identify the global-blockage effect, which is small compared to e.g. wind turbine wake effects and ambient
variations in the inflow. Our results showed a 4 % decrease in wind speed (accuracy range of 2 % to 6 %) at transition piece height
(24.6 m) upwind of the wind farm with the turbines operating at high thrust coefficients above 0.8 in a stably stratified atmosphere, which
we interpreted as global blockage. In contrast, at unstable stratification and similar operating conditions and for situations with low thrust
coefficients (i.e. approx. 0 for not operating turbines and ≤ 0.3 for turbines operating far above rated wind speed) we identified no wind
speed deficit. We discussed the significance of our measurements and possible sources of error in long-range scanning lidar campaigns and give
recommendations on how to measure small flow effects like global blockage with scanning Doppler lidar. In conclusion, we provide strong evidence for
the existence of global blockage in large offshore wind farms in stable stratification and the turbines operating at a high thrust coefficient by
planar lidar wind field measurements. We further conclude that global blockage is dependent on atmospheric stratification.
Os novos sujeitos da hipermodernidade e suas novas formas de comunicação
Authors: Silveira Mariane Rocha , Sturm Luciane , Ribeiro Elaine 
Published: April 2021

Nosso objetivo é discutir e evidenciar as potencialidades dos multiletramentos para o ensino de língua espanhola (LE). Partimos do pressuposto de que não é possível ensinar um idioma isoladamente de seus valores sociais, culturais, políticos e ideológicos. Há objetivos que vão além do foco puramente linguístico, portanto, o novo idioma deve favorecer a interação, sob o viés intercultural, na diversidade, por meio das múltiplas linguagens que circundam nossa sociedade. Considerando o contexto de hipermodernidade e o perfil ubíquo do novo leitor, o ensino de LE necessita alinhar-se a perspectivas teóricas contemporâneas, a fim de prover uma aprendizagem significativa. Deve, portanto, contribuir com a formação de indivíduos com capacidade crítica e consciência social, criativos e conscientes da diversidade que constitui nosso mundo, local e globalmente. Diante disso, ilustramos nossa discussão por meio do Projeto ¡Viva Frida!, buscando contribuir com práticas de leitura e de escrita inovadoras e atrativas ao jovem aprendiz.
Gemeentelijke bestuurskracht in de energietransitie
Authors: de Vries Rick , Vringer Kees , Visser Hans 
Published: April 2021

Governing capacity in the Dutch Energy Transition: Making measurable what is considered as a fuzzy concept
Municipalities play an important role in the Dutch energy transition. Therefore, they are expected to deal both sufficiently and timely with their tasks. The question is whether they have the capacity to do so (governing capacity). This study aims to assess whether improving governing capacity can be used to improve the policy performance. We operationalized governing capacity and built a model to assess the relation between several conditions for governing capacity and policy performance for three domains of the energy transition: built environment, mobility and renewables. We found no direct relationship between perceived governing capacity and energy transition policy output. However, we found relationships between conditions for governing capacity, and the policy output. About 25 percent of the total variance in policy performance could be attributed to population size. This percentage levels up to 55 to 60 percent if the motivation of the local administration, cooperation between municipalities and other governmental organisations and the participation of citizens and businesses are also taken into account. This contradicts the idea that enlarging municipalities is the most important way to achieve a higher policy performance.
Caribisch Nederland – gelijkwaardig maar niet altijd gelijkvormig
Authors: Simmons-de Jong G. 
Published: April 2021

Caribisch Nederland – gelijkwaardig maar niet altijd gelijkvormig
De eerste 10 jaar voor Saba, Sint Eustatius en Bonaire als bijzondere gemeenten direct onder Europees Nederland waren heel bijzonder. We zijn gegaan van een periode van legislatieve terughoudendheid naar comply or explain. In deze bijdrage blikken we terug naar dat moment van de ontmanteling van het land de Nederlandse Antillen, de beslissingen die toen zijn genomen, het beleid daarna over legislatieve terughoudendheid en het beleid met betrekking tot wet- en regelgeving voor de aankomende periode: comply or explain. Daarnaast wordt in deze bijdrage stilgestaan bij een selectie van een aantal bijzondere nieuwe wetten voor Caribisch Nederland, zoals de wet openbare lichamen BES en of de rol van de rijksvertegenwoordiger nog wel past in de huidige bestuurlijke verhoudingen, de wet financien BES en of de verdeelsystematiek van het BES fonds wel passend is bij de bijzondere eigenheid van elk eiland, en de tijdelijke wet taakverwaarlozing Sint Eustatius en de recente tijdelijke wet maatregelen Covid-19. Tot slot is een selectie van toonaangevende uitspraken voor de BES gemaakt die kort besproken worden.
Kroniek van het bestuursrecht
Authors: Rogier L.J.J. 
Published: April 2021

Kroniek van het bestuursrecht
Bij de opheffing van het land de Nederlandse Antillen op 10 oktober 2010 (10-10-’10) is de bestuursrechtelijke regelgeving grotendeels ongewijzigd overgenomen door de nieuwe landen Curaçao en Sint Maarten. Aruba had al sinds zijn status aparte in 1986 zijn eigen bestuursrechtelijke regelgeving en wetten. Voor Caribisch Nederland (de BES-eilanden) bleef ook grotendeels de oude Nederlands-Antilliaanse wetgeving van kracht. Dat maakt dat de regelgeving van alle Caribische landen en eilanden van het Koninkrijk in het algemeen sterk verouderd is. De bestuursrechtelijke jurisprudentie in de West volgt in het algemeen die in Nederland. Er zijn in het afgelopen decennium geen baanbrekende uitspraken gedaan.
Fiscaliteit in het Caribisch Koninkrijk
Authors: Kavelaars P. 
Published: April 2021

Fiscaliteit in het Caribisch Koninkrijk
In dit artikel wordt ingegaan op het fiscale stelsel zoals dat sinds 2011 op de zeseilanden van het Caribisch deek van het Koninkrijk geldend recht is en worden kanttekeningen geplaatst bij onderdelen daarvan. Tevens wordt aandacht geschonken aan internationaalrechtelijke aspecten van de fiscale stelsels en de grensoverschrijdende aspecten tussen de eilanden. Daarbij komt aan de invloed van de OESO aan de orde in het kader van het bestrijden van het ontwijken van belastingen.
De huidige status van het rechtsgebied omgevingsrecht
Authors: Sybesma J. 
Published: April 2021

De huidige status van het rechtsgebied omgevingsrecht
Teruggeblikt wordt op de ontwikkelingen in het omgevingsrecht, zijnde natuur, milieu en ruimtelijke ontwikkeling, gedurende de laatste twintig jaar van de Caribische delen van het Koninkrijk.
Strafrechtelijke stand van zaken
Authors: de Doelder H. , Verbaan J.H.J. 
Published: April 2021

Strafrechtelijke stand van zaken
Dit artikel bevat een bespreking van een aantal belangrijke wijzigingen in de straf(proces)rechtelijke wetgeving in het Caraibisch gebied. Het betreft een aantal wijzigingen die reeds zijn ingevoerd (strafrechtelijke bepalingen) en wijzigingen die worden beoogd (strafvorderlijke bepalingen). De wijzigingen worden toegelicht en van commentaar voorzien. Tot slot wordt nog stilgestaan bij de jurisprudentie van de Hoge Raad en de invloed die zijn uitspraken op de regelgeving heeft (gehad). Nadere aandacht wordt besteed aan de cassatieregeling in het Caraibische deel van het Koninkrijk. Betoogd wordt dat die regeling aanpassing behoeft.
Het personen- en familierecht anno 2020
Authors: Nieuw R.M. 
Published: April 2021

Het personen- en familierecht anno 2020
In deze bijdrage voor dit lustrumnummer zal onder meer worden nagegaan in hoeverre sommige verdragsrechtelijke bepalingen een rol spelen binnen de ontwikkelingen van het personen- en familierecht gedurende het laatste decennium van 2011 tot 2020. In deze periode zijn verschillende voorstellen tot wetswijzigingen goedgekeurd door de wetgever die geleid hebben tot de inwerkingtreding van een reeks landsverordeningen.
Kroniek internationaal privaatrecht Caribische koninkrijksdelen 2010-2020
Authors: Snel M.V.R. 
Published: April 2021

Kroniek internationaal privaatrecht Caribische koninkrijksdelen 2010-2020
In deze bijdrage worden de belangrijkste ontwikkelingen binnen het internationaal privaatrecht van de Caribische koninkrijksdelen die zich in de periode 2010-2020 hebben voorgedaan besproken.
Tien jaar advocatuur: moedig weerstand tegen de vooruitgang
Authors: van den Heuvel R.F. 
Published: April 2021

Tien jaar advocatuur: moedig weerstand tegen de vooruitgang
J.C. Bloem schreef in 1952: ‘Iedere verandering is een verslechtering, zelfs een verbetering.’ Zou hij de afgelopen tien jaar advocaat op Curaçao zijn geweest, dan zou hij weinig reden tot klagen hebben gehad. Veel is er niet veranderd. Wat is er wel gebeurd?
AS INSTITUIÇÕES FINANCEIRAS E SUA RELAÇÃO COM AS FINTECHS NO BRASIL
Authors: Silva Lucas Leão , Lisboa Erika Farias , Ferreira Luciene Braz , Versiani Angela França , Sousa Paulo Renato , Cordeiro Marcelo Lisboa 
Published: April 2021

O estudo realizado tem como objetivo identificar como as Fintechs se caracterizam como oportunidades e ameaças para as grandes instituições financeiras no Brasil. A fim de compreender e analisar os aspectos relacionados às Fintechs, a pesquisa aborda tópicos alinhados ao tema, como o contexto atual da economia, o Sistema Financeiro Nacional e o cenário de startups no Brasil. Este estudo possui caráter descritivo e qualitativo, no qual os dados foram coletados a partir da realização de entrevistas com os responsáveis por instituições financeiras. A pesquisa permitiu identificar que há a aceitação por parte das grandes instituições para aplicação desse modelo de Fintechs. Observou-se também que há uma necessidade de regulamentação do setor para que o mesmo possa crescer com mais liberdade e assim podendo acrescentar ao país essa riqueza tecnológica, porém, analisa a necessidade de ser menos burocrático como as instituições financeiras atuantes no mercado. O estudo apresentou como limitações a apresentação de poucos casos, em que não foi possível entrevistar mais gerentes em outras empresas que estão envolvidas de alguma forma com as inovações da organização. A partir desta situação, sugere-se que outros estudos sejam realizados para cobrir outros pontos interessantes que digam respeito ao modelo de negócio Fintechs. O estudo permitiu compreender como as grandes empresas já estabelecidas no mercado financeiro identificam as Fintechs e seus modelos de negócios. A identificação de oportunidades e de ameaças e como se dá esse entendimento permitindo que as Fintechs se preparem para um mercado competitivo e que grandes empresas entendam como este modelo pode ser caracterizado como aliado. Em relação à originalidade, vários estudos foram desenvolvidos no âmbito do mercado financeiro. No entanto, ao pesquisar em bases de dados científicas, o assunto sobre Fintechs é pouco explorado assim como a percepção de seu modelo de negócios por outros players do setor.
Distance Learning and Spaced Review to Complement Dermoscopy Training for Primary Care
Authors: Seiverling Elizabeth , Li Danielle , Stevens Kathryn , Cyr Peggy , Dorr Gregory , Ahrns Hadjh 
Published: April 2021

Background: Dermoscopy aids in skin cancer identification. For family physicians who use dermoscopy, there is higher sensitivity for melanoma detection than naked-eye examination. There is a shortage of dermoscopy training for primary care providers. The Triage Amalgamated Dermoscopic Algorithm (TADA) is designed for novice dermoscopists. While TADA can be taught in a short dermoscopy workshop, spaced review and blended learning strategies improve knowledge retention.
Objectives: This study determined the impact that the addition of a distance learning platform has on clinical dermoscopy use. Moreover, it evaluated dermoscopic image identification (knowledge retention) following the addition of distance learning via Extension for Community Health Outcomes (ECHO) to a traditional TADA dermoscopy workshop.
Methods: Primary care providers voluntarily attended a 120-minute TADA dermoscopy workshop. Participants completed pre-intervention, post-TADA, and post-ECHO tests of 30 dermoscopic images of benign and malignant skin lesions. A survey was also administered to analyze clinical dermoscopy use and prior dermoscopy training.
Results: Twenty-seven residents, faculty, and advanced practice providers participated in this longitudinal observational cohort study. Mean test scores (out of 30) for images of benign and malignant lesions improved from 20.29 pre-intervention to 24.62 post-TADA and 27.63 post-ECHO (P < .001). On average, participants attended 4 ECHO sessions (out of 7 total) and there was a positive correlation (r = 0.77) between the number of ECHOs attended and post-ECHO scores. Dermoscope use increased from 37.0% to 96.3% (P < .001).
Conclusion: Distance learning and spaced review complement dermoscopy workshop training for primary care.
Drug Intake and Actinic Keratosis: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Sechi Andrea , Di Altobrando Ambra , Cerciello Eugenio , Maietti Elisa , Patrizi Annalisa , Savoia Francesco 
Published: April 2021

Background: Actinic keratosis (AK) is a form of premalignant keratinocyte dysplasia. Recently, the role of photosensitizing drugs in the development of AK has been postulated.
Objective: This study evaluated a possible association between the use of photosensitizing drugs and the development of AK. A secondary aim was to identify a possible association between any medication other than those primarily examined and AK.
Methods: A single-center, case-control study assessed the cumulative drug exposure of 90 patients with AK and 90 controls visiting a dermatology service for other skin ailments. Before the visit, patients were interviewed to collect data on daily therapy and the lag-time of discontinued drugs within the last 2 years, and to record the drug’s active ingredient, dosage, and duration of therapy. In addition, sociodemographic characteristics including age, sex, educational level, skin phototype, and cumulative sun exposure habits were gathered.
Results: By logistic regression, exposures to angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and antiplatelet agents were identified as independent risk factors for the development of AK. ARB intake was associated with AK only at high exposure (OR = 13.6; 95% CI, 2.0-93.8). The use of antiplatelet drugs was borderline, yet not significant, at low exposure (OR = 3.31; 95% CI, 0.86-12.7), but increased in a dose-dependent manner. The strongest correlation was found at the highest cumulative dose (>1100 dose unit-years (OR = 4.38; 95% CI, 1.16-16.6).
Conclusions: High exposure to ARBs and antiplatelet agents may promote AK carcinogenesis in at-risk patients.
Late Paleogene herpetofaunas from the crossroads between two continents – new amphibian and reptile remains from the Oligocene of southern Balkans and Anatolia
Authors: GEORGALIS Georgios L. , ČERŇANSKÝ Andrej , Serdar MAYDA undefined 
Published: April 2021

We describe here new amphibian and reptile remains from three Oligocene localities of Turkey. Two of the localities (Kavakdere and Kocayarma) are situated in southeastern Europe and the other one (Kargi 2) in Anatolia, both areas where Oligocene herpetofauna is practically almost unknown. The material consists of albanerpetontids, pelobatid anurans, turtles, crocodylians, lacertids, scinciformatans, anguines, and “tropidophiids”. Albanerpetontids are for the first time identified in southeastern Europe, with the material being reminiscent of the younger species Albanerpeton inexpectatum Estes & Hoffstetter, 1976; the material potentially represents the oldest record of that species. Pelobatids, scinciformatans, and “tropidophiids” represent the oldest occurrences of these clades in the northeastern Mediterranean. The anguine genus Ophisaurus Daudin, 1803 is identified for the first time in the Paleogene of Eastern Europe. The “tropidophiids” are referred to two genera, Falseryx Szyndlar & Rage, 2003 and tentatively also to Platyspondylia Rage, 1974, with the latter having been so far exclusively known from western and central Europe. The role of a potential southern dispersal route of taxa among Asia and Europe, involving the area of southern Balkans and Anatolia, similarly to what has been recently demonstrated for mammals, is highlighted also for amphibians and reptiles.
Même sort, même souffle
Authors: Lavoie Jean-Jacques 
Published: April 2021

Cet article interroge la philosophie de la mort de Qohélet. Pour ce philosophe juif de la Bible hébraïque, la mort déshumanise dans tous les sens du terme : littéralement, parce qu’elle détruit les composantes de l’existence, et symboliquement, parce qu’elle ne fait aucune différence entre les êtres humains et les autres formes de vie. La mort est la grande niveleuse de l’humanité.
La mort en chiffres
Authors: Termote Marc 
Published: April 2021

Cet article tente de répondre brièvement à des questions comme : pourquoi recueillir des données sur les décès ? que faut-il entendre par espérance de vie ? où le Québec se situe-t-il en matière de mortalité ? qu’en est-il de l’inégalité devant la mort, entre autres de la différence entre hommes et femmes ? quelles sont les principales causes de décès ? quel impact ces causes ont-elles sur l’espérance de vie ? quelles sont les perspectives d’avenir ?
Douleur et anthropologie
Authors: Le Breton David 
Published: April 2021

Il n’y a pas de douleurs sans souffrance. La douleur brise l’existence à proportion de la souffrance qu’elle induit chez le sujet. Différents facteurs influent sur ce ressenti : l’appartenance sociale, culturelle, les circonstances qui la produisent, le récit qu’en fait le sujet, etc. Ce texte suggère un certain nombre de champs de recherche dont il esquisse les données.
Autonomie et accompagnement
Authors: Bondolfi Alberto 
Published: April 2021

Dans cet article, on essaie de dépasser la confusion sémantique dans laquelle se trouve l’expression « autonomie » dans les discours bioéthiques d’aujourd’hui. Dans un premier temps, on présente les racines historiques de ce concept philosophique. Et, dans un second, on cherche à situer l’histoire de la même catégorie dans l’histoire de la littérature médicale et au sein des débats contemporains, en essayant d’en problématiser et critiquer la portée normative. Enfin, dans un troisième temps, on analyse les rapports qui peuvent se tisser entre le principe d’autonomie et le devoir d’accompagner les malades et mourants, et cela au sein des pratiques médicales.
L’accompagnement
Authors: Boutin Maurice 
Published: April 2021

On peut dire de l’accompagnement quel qu’il soit – y compris dans les situations de phase terminale de la maladie – ce que Blanchot dit de l’amitié, dont l’accompagnement est une des formes les plus hautes : rapport sans dépendance concernant toute la simplicité de la vie, et qui passe par la reconnaissance d’une étrangeté commune à partir de laquelle ce qui sépare met authentiquement en rapport.
Soutien psychosocial et spirituel en situation de crise
Authors: Berclaz Michel , d’Epagnier Cédric 
Published: April 2021

Le canton de Genève en Suisse a développé depuis 1996 un modèle de soutien psychologique en cas de catastrophes micro- ou macrosociales qualifié de psychosocial et spirituel (plutôt que médico-psychologique). Ce modèle, bien ancré dans le réseau professionnel cantonal, revendique une intervention rapide, mais la plus discrète possible, visant la mobilisation des ressources résiduelles de l’individu, de la famille, du groupe ou de la communauté (en ce sens, il touche au psychologique et au social). Il défend son caractère humain et spirituel, dans le sens où il s’agit avant tout d’accompagner et d’entourer des personnes dans la détresse pour les aider à garder le contact avec la « vie », une confiance dans l’humain et de l’espoir pour l’avenir. Ce modèle nécessite cependant des compétences certaines dans la gestion émotionnelle des intervenants, en particulier en ce qui concerne le surinvestissement. Cette approche consiste à « faire le moins possible, mais faire tout le nécessaire ».
Violence à l’hôpital
Authors: Diricq Catherine 
Published: April 2021

À partir d’une expérience clinique et de groupes de parole dans différentes institutions hospitalières, il apparaît évident que les douleurs et les souffrances des malades entrent en résonance avec celles des soignants. Ces derniers ont besoin d’être reconnus, de participer aux prises de décisions pour conserver l’estime de soi et le plaisir à fonctionner dans cet univers. Qu’advient-il lorsque l’institution déstabilise ou insécurise ? Quand elle force ou instrumentalise ? Quels dysfonctionnements dans les équipes ou chez les individus le terrorisme hospitalier engendre-t-il ? Comment remédier à cette violence hospitalière ?