bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Futuro do Turismo
Authors: Rezende Filho Mozart Fazito 
Published: July 2021

Este artigo é o produto de um convite feito a mim pela editora da Revista Cenário, Profa. Kerlei Sonaglio, para refletir sobre o futuro do turismo no contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Por ser uma reflexão, este texto exige o meu posicionamento pessoal, mas faço-o investido da minha condição de professor e pesquisador social, especialista em planejamento do turismo e geografia do desenvolvimento. Muitos autores escreveram, falaram, escreverão e falarão, ainda nas próximas semanas, sobre quando o fluxo turístico irá voltar ao normal, as taxas de ocupação dos hotéis regressarão ao que eram antes da pandemia, sobre arrecadação municipal e a participação do turismo no PIB. Não me interessa falar disso nesse momento. Isso interessa Ã indústria que apoia o turismo, empresários do ramo de acomodação, alimentação e transportes. Não interessa ao mundo que quero imaginar aqui. Quero refletir sobre o tempo e sobre a ideia de ‘futuro’, e de construção do que seria uma sociedade melhor do que a que temos hoje. Tento me comunicar de forma mais clara, evitando os termos que afastam os leitores de fora da academia, e apresento leituras facilitadas, entrevistas e videoaulas para servirem de referência. Essas referências são apresentadas em notas de rodapé, para fazer fluir a leitura.
Optimalisasi Kompetensi Primavista Mahasiswa Instrumen Pokok Piano Melalui Metode Drill
Authors: Anggoro Raden Roro Maha Kalyana Mitta 
Published: July 2021

Every musical instrument that is taken at the college "demands" students to be mastery learning, in both theoretical and practical aspects, as well as possible. However, in the process, there are obstacles that often arise. As in learning the Piano Major course. Based on observations in class, students are constrained in terms of primavista. With the character of the piano score that is consisting of two staves, students are constrained to coordinate their cognitive processing when reading piano scores, with the application of their ten fingers when playing the piano. This study discusses the primavistalearning of piano with the drill method. The type of research conducted was qualitative research, which was conducted in Music Arts Study Program, Universitas Negeri Surabaya.Based on the results, there was a significant improvement in the students' ability to apply the music notation they had read primavistly. In the pre-test session, most of the students' scores were below 40%. However, when the post-test session was conducted, the results of the work shown were very satisfactory. All students were able to achieve scores above 70%. Based on these results, it can be stated that the drill method has succeeded in optimizing the development of primavistaabilities of piano students. It is hoped that this method can be used routinely in piano classes so that students' primavistaabilities can be further honed.Keywords: piano, primavista, drill method.
Prawo żeglarskie – pytanie o status dyscypliny i program badań
Authors: Zeidler Kamil 
Published: July 2021

The traditionally established divisions of law are currently subject to modification occurring in line with the phenomenon of regulating more and more human activities. While the division between public and private law, as well as the catalog of legal branches is still quite stable, more specific areas of law are visible, indicated mostly according to their subject. Sailing law (also called boating law) is the case.
The collectivity of norms regulating offshore sailing is most often referred to as maritime law (lex generalis), and it covers norms regulating sailing, i.e. sailing law (lex specialis). however, sailing is subject to very complex and heterogenous regulations. The article lists the most significant legal provisions in practice. more aspects of sailing can be included and specified as indicated in the article.
each aspect mentioned above may require going beyond the legal system due to the general clause referring to the best maritime practices. This helps us to realize that sailing law can be divided into sets of theoretical aspects pertaining to the creation of the theory of sailing law.
It all reflects the complexity and beauty of sailing law. It is not a branch of law. however, due to the subject of its applicability and the specificity of sailors, it is an area of law ensuring safety on the water. This precaution has the nature of a legal principle justifying and being the basis for most of the regulations applicable to maritime transport, therefore, also sailing.
Perbaikan Sistem Produksi Pipe Intake Dengan Lean Manufacturing di PT. WIKONI
Authors: Regent Montororing Yuri Delano , Ginting Hesron 
Published: July 2021

PT. WIKONI adalah perusahaan fabrikasi baja yang memproduksi pipa dengan salah satu produknya adalah pipe intake. Dari hasil pengamatan ditemukan bahwa di lantai produksi PT. WIKONI terdapat pemborosan yang tidak memberi nilai tambah didalam memproduksi produk pipe intake, hal ini menyebabkan perusahaan sulit untuk memenuhi target permintaan konsumen dengan rata-rata 11 unit/hari. Penggambaran sistem produksi saat ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan Current State Value Stream Mapping. Hasil perhitungan didapat Process Cycle Efficiency (PCE) kondisi saat ini sebesar 84,46% dan hasil identifikasi pemborosan dengan menggunakan Process Activity Mapping (PAM), didapat bahwa pemborosan dominan yang terjadi pada proses produksi pipe intake adalah pemborosan delay sebesar 57600 detik. Dari analisis penyebab terjadi pemborosan terlihat bahwa akar permasalahan dari pemborosan tersebut adalah terlalu besar waktu untuk penyimpanan dan kurangnya manpower pada stasiun kerja machining. Berdasarkan akar permasalahan tersebut, diajukan beberapa usulan yaitu dengan menghilangkan waktu penyimpanan pada stasiun kerja sand blowing, machining, dan finished goods dan menambah manpower pada stasiun kerja machining. Hasil dari usulan ini kemudian digambarkan dengan Future State Value Stream Mapping dan mampu meningkatkan PCE menjadi 91,22%.

Kata kunci: Value Stream Mapping, Lean Manufacturing, Process Cycle Efficiency, Process Activity Mapping
TRANSFUSI DARAH DALAM TIMBANGAN FIKIH: Antara Najis dan Maslahah Perspektif Kaidah al-Ḍarar Yuzāl
Authors: Fageh Achmad , Hamdi Heny Lutfiana 
Published: July 2021

Blood transfusions are a new problem in Islamic law discourse. In the context of Jurisprudence studies, blood includes unclean objects material (lidzatihi). And there is no syar'i law that explicitly addresses the practice of blood transfusions. This confuses Muslim life. Risks and also benefits arising from the practice of blood transfusions both, from donors and recipients of blood donations (recipient) need to be considered by both. The purpose of this is to save the lives of the recipient either, because of accidents or diseases. The unlawful legal status of the use of blood becomes mandatory when faced with urgent needs, at a time when blood transfusions are the only way to save a person's life. In this case, it is based on the fourth principle Fiqhiyyah rule which is: al-Ḍarar Yuza>l (الضَّرَرُ يُزَالُ) that the danger must be eliminated/prevented. So the practice of blood donation is a thing that must be done to avoid greater harm, for example, it will lose lives if it does not immediately make a blood donation. Also, it is revealed in a hadith narrated by Ibn Majah from Ibn 'Abbas, لَا ضَرَرَ وَلَا ضِرَر (not to fade and should not be harmed). Therefore, in practice, blood transfusions need to have adhered to the procedural requirements of the health program to donors and recipients so as not only to eliminate the danger of recipients but also avoid harm to the donor.
أثر التدريس بانموذج الاستقصاء الدوري في عادات العقل لطلاب الصف الخامس العلمي - أحيائي في مادة الكيمياء
Authors: عباس فاضل كاظم د. 
Published: July 2021

تهدف الدراسة الحالية إلى تعرف أثر التدريس باستخدام أنموذج الاِستقصاء الدّوري في عادات العقل لطلاب الصف الخامس العلمي - أحيائي في مادة الكيمياء، وذلك من خلال التحقق من الفرضية الصفرية الآتية:
لا يوجد فرقٌ ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة(0.05)، بين متوسط درجات طلاب المجموعة التجريبية الذين يدرسون مادة الكيمياء بأنموذج الاِستقصاء الدّوري، ومتوسط درجات طلاب المجموعة الضابطة، الذين يدرسون المادة نفسها بالطريقة التقليدية في مقياس عادات العقل .
اختيرت عينة البحث قصدياً من اعدادية العزيزية للبنين التابعة الى مديرية تربية العزيزية / المديرية العامة لتربية واسط ، وتألفت عينة الدراسة من (80) طالباً من طلاب الصف الخامس العلمي – أحيائي للعام الدراسي(2018- 2019)، بواقع (40) طالباً في المجموعة التجريبية و (40) في المجموعة الضابطة، كوفئت مجموعتي البحث باستخدام الاختبار التائي (t-test) لعينتين مستقلتين، في متغيرات( الذكاء، التحصيل الدراسي، مقياس عادات العقل )، تم إعداد فقرات مقياس عادات العقل بعد الاطلاع على الأدبيات والدراسات السابقة وتضمن (16) عادات عقلية ، وتأكدّ من صدقه وثباته ، ثم طبّق الباحث المقياس على مجموعتي البحث بعد إكمال التجربة التي استغرقت (10) أسابيع، باستخدام الاختبار التائي t-test)) لعينتين مستقلتين توصل البحث إلى تفوق طلاب المجموعة التجريبية الذين درسوا على وفق أنموذج الاِستقصاء على طلاب المجموعة الضابطة الذين درسوا بالطريقة التقليدية في مقياس عادات العقل ،وفي ضوء النتائج التي توصل إليها البحث،أوصى الباحث بمجموعة من التوصيات والمقترحات.
kamaugawar and the creation of a dystopian reality: A study in hassan Blasim's "Crossword" and Ambrose Bierce's "Chi
Authors: Siham Hattab Hamdan Dr. 
Published: July 2021

The study shows how war can create a dystopian reality worse than the reality depicted in the dystopian stories. War creates a circular or enclosed world that has no exit where people cannot see the end of the tunnel. The study discusses two short stories, one is for the Iraqi writer Hassan Blasim entitled "Crosswords" and the other for the American writer Ambrose Bierce entitled "Chickamauga". These two short stories fit one of the categories of dystopian fiction where the society witnesses the effects of war and civilians and soldiers become the victims. Though the two stories do not adhere to the futuristic perspective of dystopian fiction, they could express the thought of their writers' that what is going on in the society though it is real but it is at the same time, dystopian.
Key Words: Dystopia, War, Defamiliarization, Hassan Blasim, Ambrose Bierce.
أثر الزيادة السكانية في محافظة واسط على البطالة ومشاريع التنمية (دراسة في جغرافية السكان)
Authors: قاسم محمد عبد م. د 
Published: July 2021

يدرس البحث الواقع السكاني في محافظة واسط من حيث الحجم والنمو والتوزيع في المدة
(1997-2020) م للكشف عن طبيعة معدلات النمو السكانية المرتفعة التي تؤشر حجم سكاني متزايد باستمرار وبيان التوزيع السكاني بين الوحدات الادارية وبين الحضر والريف ومدى وتأثير ذلك على البطالة وخطط التنمية , وقد تبين ان عدد سكان محافظة واسط قد بلغ (1452007) في عام 2020 بعد ان كان (783614) عام 1997 وبمعدل نمو (3,1%) , ويتركز السكان بشكل واضح في قضاء الكوت , ووصلت معدلات البطالة بين السكان الى (10,8) عام 2016م , ولم تنجح الحكومة المحلية في تغطية العجز الحاصل في معظم الخدمات المجتمعية فقد تبين ان العجز في المدارس الابتدائية بلغ (495) مدرسة , اما في الجانب الصحي فالمحافظة بحاجة الى (80) مركز صحي .
Occurrence of Extra Roots in Permanent Mandibular Molars: A Cone Beam Computed Topography Study
Authors: Chakradhar Anil , Nepal Manisha , Pradhan Siras , Acharya Nisha , Poudel Pratibha 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Permanent mandibular first and second molars may display extra roots namely radix entomolaris and radix paramolaris which may have implications in endodontic treatment outcome, if missed.
Objective: To evaluate the occurrence of extra roots in permanent mandibular first and second molars in a sample of Nepalese population.
Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was done at Dhulikhel hospital. Convenience sampling technique was utilised for data collection of 773 CBCT images. Images from June 2018 to June 2020 were retrospectively screened for presence of fully erupted bilateral mandibular first and second molars. Presence of extra roots were recorded and laterality, gender, and racial variations were analysed by Fisher’s exact test and Chi-square test using SPSS v.20.
Results: For mandibular first molars, out of 517 patients, 65 (11.38%) had radix entomolaris: 38 (13.2%) female and 27 (9.54%) male. Among 38 females; occurrence was 21 (7.3%) bilateral, 16 (5.56%) unilateral right and 1 (0.34%) unilateral left side. Likewise, among 27 males, the occurrence was 15 (5.3%) bilateral, 6 (2.1%) unilateral right and 6 (2.1%) unilateral left side. Regarding races, 50 (14.6%) were Mongoloids and 15 (6.6%) were Aryans. No radix paramolaris was found in mandibular first molars. For mandibular second molars, out of 623 patients, radix entomolaris and paramolaris were observed in 0.8% and 0.48% respectively.
Conclusion: The overall occurrence of radix entomolaris in mandibular first and second molars was found to be 11.38% and 0.8%, respectively. Practitioners should be aware of these unusual variations to avoid iatrogenic mishap due to missed canal.
PERANCANGAN STRUKTUR ROAD BIKE FRAME MENGGUNAKAN ALUMINIUM 6063 MELALUI PROSES OPTIMALISASI PERLAKUAN PANAS
Authors: Paksi Jaller Gilang Anarkhi , Putra Ilham Aditya Cristian Permana , Indriansyah Reinaldy 
Published: July 2021

Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perancangan dan simulasi pada rangka sepeda menggunakan Solidworks 2017. Dilakukan pula peningkatan sifat mekanis material aluminium 6063 dengan menggunakan metode Precipitation Hardening. Pada proses Solution Treatment dengan temperatur 520℃ selama 50 menit, kemudian didinginkan menggunakan air dan dipanaskan kembali dengan proses Artificial Aging pada temperatur 155℃ dan 175℃ selama 8 jam. Hasil dari penelitian terjadi peningkatan sifat mekanis akibat penyebaran presipitasi Mg2Si semakin banyak dan merata setelah aluminium dilakukan proses Artificial Aging. Pada proses Artificial Aging dengan temperatur 155℃ dihasilkan nilai tegangan tarik sebesar 199 MPa dan pada temperatur 175℃ dihasilkan sebesar 123 MPa. Hasil perancangan rangka sepeda menggunakan aluminium 6063-T6 didapati rangka sepeda aman dan layak digunankan dengan pembebanan maksimal sebesar 80 kg.
The study of compounds distilled with water vapor of Populus laurifolia Ledeb. leaves
Authors: Рудник А. М. 
Published: July 2021

Poplar plants (Populus L.) are one of the promising species for inclusion in the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine. To date, extensive experience has been accumulated in the use of extracts from buds, leaves and bark of various types of poplars in folk and official medicine as effective anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgetic, antibacterial agents. According to literature data only buds are pharmacopoeial raw materials in some countries of the world.
Poplar leaves are of interest as a new promising type of medicinal plant raw material, since they have a chemical composition close to the buds, moreover, they are much easier to harvest and the possible volume of raw materials procurement is much larger.
The laurel-leaf poplar (Populus laurifolia Ledeb.) is assigned to the section of balsamic poplars (Tacamahaca). It is grown in forest culture, used for landscaping and creation of field-protective plantations in Ukraine.
Continuing a comprehensive pharmacognostic study of raw materials of plants of the genus poplar, purpose of this work was to study composition and content of compounds distilled with water vapor of leaves of laurel-leaf poplar cultivated in Ukraine.
Leaves for research were harvested in June 2019, from trees growing on the shores of the Murom reservoir in the village of Russkiye Tishki, Kharkiv region (50°09′30″N 36°29′10″E). The composition of compounds distilled in water vapor was investigated on Agilent Technologies 6890N (USA) chromatograph with a 5973N mass spectrometric detector.
The total content of compounds distilled with water vapor was 2 126.1 mg/kg. 46 compounds were identified. Terpenoids were presented by 20 compounds with a total content 1 444 mg/kg, the remaining 26 compounds were aromatic substances (256.2 mg/kg) and compounds of various groups (216.8 mg/kg). The dominant compounds in content were β-eudesmol (776.4 mg/kg), γ-eudesmol (298 mg/kg), α-bisabolol (125.9 mg/kg), eugenol (70.9 mg/kg).
The data obtained indicate the rich chemical composition of leaves of laurel-leaf poplar and are the basis for further in-depth study of this raw material for assessment the possibility of using it as a medicine.
Study of the vasodilatory effect of extract from tissue culture biomass of Rauwolfia serpentina Benth.
Authors: Мончак І. Л. , Конвалюк І. І. , Баланда А. О. , Лукашов С. С. , Матюшок В. І. , Кунах В. А. , Ярмолюк С. М. , Соловйов А. І. 
Published: July 2021

Design of novel herbal drugs with a wide range of activity is an important object of pharmacology. Herbal remedies having antiarrhythmic, cardiotonic and vasodilatory effects are useful for treatment of heart arrhythmias. Vasodilating drugs are prescribed for medication of hypertension and migraine. Also they are a part of comprehensive treatment of various diseases such as disturbed peripheral blood circulation and atherosclerosis of arteries of extremities as well as problems with urination and potency. Search for novel herbal preparations with vasorelaxant activity in our view is a promising matter of current interest.
This work is aiming in study of vasodilatory activity of methanol extract of strain K-27 tissue culture of Rauwolfia serpentina.
Evaluation of vasodilatory activity extract of high-productive strain K-27 tissue culture of Rauwolfia serpentina has been carried out by the method of auxotonic mechanography of vascular smooth muscles. Strength and frequency of spontaneous contractions of portal vein as well as relaxation of aortic smooth muscles activated with phenylephrine were evaluation indicators of extract activity.
In order to estimate working concentration of extract of strain K-27 tissue culture of Rauwolfia serpentina we have studied vascular activity at sequentially increasing concentrations of extract solution on the portal vein. Overlay of sequence of growing concentrations exhibited decrease in basal level of venous tone and dose-dependent suppression of phasic contractions with complete inhibition of spontaneous activity of portal vein at 1.44 mg/ml concentration and uprise of toxicity at higher concentrations. It has been shown dose-dependent relaxation of vascular preparations followed by development of α-adrenoceptor blocking effect and loss of sensibility to phenylephrine at the end of experiment. After discontinuing exposure with a substance the activating effect of phenylephrine remained not renewed during 30-50 minutes, at the same time contractile activity of aorta on the response to the other type activation (60 mM K+) took place.
It was found that at the studied range of concentrations: 0.0288 μg/ml–28.8 μg/ml the extract of strain K-27 tissue culture of Rauwolfia serpentina has distinct vasodilatory effect. Also it was discovered α-adrenoceptor blocking effect of that extract, so it can find wide application in therapy as vasorelaxant and α-blocker, for instance in treatment of prostate diseases.
The Use of L1 Metalanguage in L2 Classrooms: The Case for Arabic
Authors: Rakab Mehmet Bulent 
Published: July 2021

With the rise of bilingual and multilingual approaches to teaching a second/foreign language, an overwhelming majority of second language acquisition (SLA) researchers have emphasized the important role of the use of mother tongue (L1) in a second language (L2) class and have argued that the use of L2 positively contributes to the cognitive development of students. However, what aspect of L1 should be used in an L2 class have not been specified explicitly. This study set out to investigate the extent to which teachers believe in the efficacy of the use of L1 metalanguage and the extent to which they use it in their classes in the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context of Qatar. The second aim was to assess students’ beliefs regarding the extent to which the use of L1 metalanguage in an L2 class facilitated their learning process. Most importantly, the study aimed to investigate whether there was a discrepancy between students’ expectations and teachers’ agendas regarding the use of L1 metalanguage in L2 classrooms. The hypothesis that underpinned this study was that the use of L1 metalanguage to explain structural concepts in L2 contributed to crosslinguistic and metalinguistic awareness. The study adopted a qualitative approach; two questionnaires were developed, one for students and one for teachers. The questionnaire consisted of 5-point Likert scale statements and questions. Twenty-six undergraduate students and eight teachers participated in the study. The students’ proficiency level in English was elementary. The teachers were recruited on the basis of their native Arabic language proficiency. The findings suggested that both teachers and students viewed the use of Arabic in their English classes positively, and that no substantial discrepancy was observed between the students and the teachers over the issue of the use of Arabic in class. A minor discrepancy was that whereas the teachers were inclined to use Arabic slightly more for the teaching of grammar than the teaching of vocabulary, the students believed that the use of Arabic for learning vocabulary was more beneficial to their learning than it was for learning grammar.
Simultaneous multidisciplinary care pathway for back pain: a new approach for a first-level comprehensive evaluation and treatment to guarantee adequate pain relief and recovery
Authors: Allegri Massimo , Sacchelli Massimiliano , Sgavicchia Dino , Manna Vincenzo , Cappabianca Fabio , Mezzetti Gabriele , Laddomada Tommaso , Citarella Roberto , Incerti Michele 
Published: July 2021

Low back pain continues to be a major clinical challenge with high direct and indirect societal costs. It is a complex disease with complex pathophysiology both for acute and chronic low back pain.
Although there is consistent evidence about multidisciplinary treatment of low back pain, several different approaches and techniques are proposed, with different results often conflicting among them. In fact, even though the multidisciplinary approach is widely accepted, it is generally applied in different steps involving only one health care providing for each approach. This approach not only does not guarantee a real multidisciplinary vision of this disease but also lacks evaluation of the dynamic changes of the disease according to real patients’ needs.
In our hospital setting we have developed a “simultaneous multidisciplinary care” of low back pain patients in order to overcome these problems and to satisfy all patients’ needs by evaluating and treating all problems causing and related to low back pain. Starting from the existing literature we propose our approach as a new pathway to treat low back patients with a simultaneous multidisciplinary approach.