bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection by multicapillary column coupled ion mobility spectrometry (MCC-IMS) of breath. A proof of concept study
Authors: Steppert Claus , Steppert Isabel , Sterlacci William , Bollinger Thomas 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
There is an urgent need for screening of patients with a communicable viral disease to cut infection chains. Recently, we demonstrated that ion mobility spectrometry coupled with a multicapillary column (MCC-IMS) is able to identify influenza-A infections in patients’ breath. With a decreasing influenza epidemic and upcoming SARS-CoV-2 infections we proceeded further and analyzed patients with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infections. In this study, the nasal breath of 75 patients (34 male, 41 female, aged 64.4 ± 15.4 years) was investigated by MCC-IMS for viral infections. Fourteen were positively diagnosed with influenza-A infection and sixteen with SARS-CoV-2 by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of nasopharyngeal swabs. In one patient RT-PCR was highly suspicious of SARS-CoV-2 but initially inconclusive. The remaining 44 patients served as controls. Breath fingerprints for specific infections were assessed by a combination of cluster analysis and multivariate statistics. There were no significant differences in gender or age according to the groups. In the cross validation of the discriminant analysis 72 of the 74 clearly defined patients could be correctly classified to the respective group. Even the inconclusive patient could be mapped to the SARS-CoV-2 group by applying the discrimination functions. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 infection and influenza-A infection can be detected with the help of MCC-IMS in breath in this pilot study. As this method provides a fast non-invasive diagnosis it should be further developed in a larger cohort for screening of communicable viral diseases. A validation study is ongoing during the second wave of COVID-19.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT04282135 Registered 20 February 2020—Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04282135?term=IMS&draw=2&rank=1
Impacts of Drivers’ Physiological and Psychological Characteristics on Road Traffic Safety Based on Traffic Safety Management Database
Authors: Cheng Hui-ting 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As traffic accidents dramatically increased on highways, this paper aims to study how drivers’ physiological and psychological characteristics can affect traffic safety. This paper studies and analyses the physiological and psychological characteristics of drivers during highway congestions, including drivers’ eye blink rate, level of fatigue and heart rate. Moreover, the k-means clustering algorithm is used to determine the relationship between the drivers’ level of fatigue and dangerous driving paths. It is found that the drivers’ average blink rate under traffic congestion is higher than those under normal conditions, which indicates that traffic congestion can affect the driver’s visual state; The longer traffic congestion lasts, the higher level of fatigue the drivers have, and the more dangerous driving paths appear. This paper can provide a theoretical basis for the studies of how to reduce unsafe driving behavior resulting from drivers’ dangerous driving convictions.
Optimization of Palletized Unit Implants Dispatch Considering Less than Truckload Transportation in Auto Parts Industry
Authors: Feng Shupei , Song Rui , Xue Shouqiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In recent years, the acceleration of economic globalization has played an irreplaceable role in promoting the development of modern logistics industry. Reducing production and operating costs, reducing logistics costs, and increasing enterprise competitiveness have become new challenges of the rapid development for the logistics industry. At the same time, the demand for automobiles has also increased significantly which has strongly driven the development of auto parts industry. A method to optimize palletized unit implants dispatch in auto parts industry which adopts less than truckload (LTL) transportation is proposed in this paper. An optimization model of palletized unit implants dispatch is constructed with the goal to minimize the total transportation cost and the constraints including dispatching demand, dispatching time and so on. And the effectiveness of the model and algorithm is verified by case study. The results show that the dispatch optimization model of shared palletized unit implants considering less than truckload transportation is 7.5% less than full dispatch mode and 146.6% less than full lease mode.
Optimization of Opening Scheme of ETC/MTC Toll Lane Based on Cost and Benefit Analysis
Authors: Zhang Hao , Cheng Cheng , Zhang Changjian , He Jie , Xu Yang , Chen Yikai , Hong Qiong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In recent years, with the popularization of electronic toll collection systems (ETC), expressway toll stations in China have developed into a mixed toll form jointly deployed by ETC toll lanes and MTC toll lanes, presenting a development trend based on ETC toll lanes. Since the toll collection system has the important function of “credit repayment“, the relationship between operation benefit and cost will become an important indicator for measuring the toll station system. Taking the minimum cost and the maximum benefit of the toll station under normal operating condition as the optimization goals, a multi-objective nonlinear optimization model is established within the seek for balance between cost and benefit, so as to obtain an open plan with better toll lanes. The Nanjing-Hangzhou toll station is used as an example to verify the model. Furthermore, based on the trend of the future traffic flow and the increase in the proportion of ETC vehicles, the distribution law of the optimal opening schemes of the toll lane under different traffic volumes and different traffic flow structures is analyzed, which provides experience support for the construction and operation of toll stations in the future.
Study on the Law of Drivers’ eye Movement Index in Different Landscape Environment
Authors: Shang Yan , Zhu Shoulin , Qi Chunhua 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
To study the law of drivers’ eye movement indices,indoor simulation driving experiment method was adopted, two-lane second-class grassland highway was designed to simulate real road conditions. 48 subjects were selected for the experiment,groups were divided according to different driving ages, three eye movement sensitive indexes including fixation duration, pupil diameter and scan range were extracted, the variation rule of eye movement index of drivers with different experience under different landscape environment was quantified. It was found that the relationship between the landscape environments and eye movement index was U-shaped,the changes of eye movement indexes of drivers at different driving ages were different.The results showed that 4/km was the optimal threshold number of combined elements.In this environment, the change rate of driver eye movement index was the largest,extraction information was the most;When the number of elements was greater than or less than 4/km, the change rate of driver eye movement index would decrease. The results could provide reference for improving and optimizing the design of grassland highway landscape environment.
Development and Application of 3D Visualization Platform for Flood Evolution in Le’an River Basin of Wuyuan
Authors: Yang Bin , Ma Jianming , Huang Guoxin , Cao Daling 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the rapid development of computer network technology, virtual display technology has become a typical representative of modern information technology, which can provide more efficient and intuitive technical means for flood prevention and risk assessment of water conservancy departments, and make more innovations and breakthroughs in the field of 3D simulation. This paper takes the area of Wuyuan County in the upper reaches of Le’an River in Poyang Lake as an example. Based on WebGIS technology, spatial database technology, CTS virtual display technology and combined with TOPMODEL semi-distributed hydrological model and IFMS domestic flood analysis software, it uses computer languages such as C#.NET and Java to carry out secondary development, explore and build a three-dimensional immersive hydrological multi-element virtual reality platform with real-time interactive display function, and realize the dynamics simulation display of three-dimensional data query, water and rain monitoring, flood evolution, submergence analysis, disaster assessment and other scenes under the three-dimensional perspective. It also provides an auxiliary decision-making platform for flood control and disaster reduction in the river basin, and further improves the guarantee level of water safety in the river basin.
Investigation and Research on Geological Disasters in Nanzheng County
Authors: Yao Zhang , Shunli Han , Shaoqiang Guo , liangliang Bai 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Based on the data from the detailed survey of geological disasters in Nanzheng County, Shaanxi Province, the natural situation of Nanzheng County was introduced. The types, status and development rules of geological disasters in Nanzheng County were evaluated, and the formation conditions and influencing factors of its geological disasters were systematically analyzed and researched, which provided a geological basis for the prevention and control of geological disasters.
Research on Influencing Factors of Reasonable Distance of Shallow Buried Close Tunnel in Weak Surrounding Rock
Authors: Zaifeng Yao , Jiantao Guo , Yishuo Liu , Wenyuan Gao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In order to study the influence of different spans, depths, heights and initial stresses on the reasonable clearance of shallow tunnels in weak surrounding rock. This article uses numerical simulation technology. The judging standard is whether the plastic zone of the middle rock pillar is through. The factors affecting the reasonable clear distance of the small clear tunnel are analysed. The results show that the reasonable clear distance of small-distance tunnels under shallow buried conditions gradually increases as the tunnel depth increases. The reasonable clearance distance of the tunnel increases as the lateral pressure coefficient of the surrounding rock decreases. For small-distance tunnels with the same buried depth and same span, the reasonable clearance increases as the tunnel height increases.
Quantitative Research Based on Parametric Simulation of Waterlogging on Bridge Deck
Authors: Cai Wenhao , Huang Ling 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the rise of the bridge construction wave, the problem of waterlogging on bridge deck (WBD) also followed. The problems of WBD will cause serious economic losses, restrict the benign development of urban traffic and reduce the life quality of residents. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is adopted to quantitatively research the WBD problem due to its high efficiency, low-cost and outstanding performance of visualization. In addition, four factors including rainfall, performance of the grates, mode of alignment change and disease characteristics have been parameterized simulated. In view of the influence of different factors on the WBD problem, corresponding suggestions in daily operation and management have been put forward in the present paper.
Research on the Selection and Optimization of Horizontal Swirling Energy Dissipation Flood Discharge Tunnel
Authors: Zhang Ying , Di Shengjie , Zhou Heng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Through the study of the diameter control of the horizontal swirling efficiency shaft and the swirling tunnel and the cross-section of the aeration sill, a flood discharge tunnel with a scale of about 100 meters and a discharge volume of more than a thousand is obtained. The horizontal swirling energy dissipation type is combined with the diversion tunnel. At the time, the diameter of the shaft can be controlled and determined according to the average velocity of 15-20m/s; the diameter of the swirling hole can be calculated according to the empirical formula D=(Q2/g)0.2. In order to reduce the impact of water flow pulsation on the concrete lining and surrounding rock of the shaft, the flood discharge tunnel inlet should adopt a submerged flow pattern. Its discharge capacity will be controlled by the cross section (A) of the aeration sill in the shaft and the inlet section (σ) of the swirl chamber. When the slope of the aeration sill is 1:2.5 to 1:3.0, σ/A should be controlled at 1.05. The research results can provide a reliable basis for the design of horizontal swirling energy dissipation.
Correlation analysis method of track irregularity indexes
Authors: Li Shiyi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Research on the correlation analysis method of track irregularity indexes has an important guiding role in selecting targeted maintenance decision-making indexes and guiding maintenance decision making related to track irregularity state. In this study, the track irregularity index structures and track quality index were used to design the correlation analysis method of track irregularity indexes. To verify the effectiveness of this method, a total of 48 track inspection car historical data from September 2014 to February 2017 and November 2017 to December 2018 of the Shenmu-Shuozhou railway Hexi transportation division was used as the case study. The results show that the correlation analysis method proposed in this study can be used to effectively analyze the correlation between the track irregularity indexes. This is verified by comparing with the correlation analysis method based on the standard deviations of track irregularity indexes.
Seismic response analysis of high-pier long-span continuous rigid-frame bridges under far-field long-period ground motions
Authors: Yanan Wang , Guangwu Tang , Haiming Liu , Yonghui Liu , Bin Peng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The seismic response of a high-pier long-span continuous rigid frame bridge under the action of far-field long-period ground motions is studied. A numerical calculation model of a high-pier long-span continuous rigid frame bridge whose span layout is (95+170+95)m is established by using finite element software. According to the established wave selection criteria, 10 long-period far-field seismic records and 10 ordinary seismic records are selected from the strong earthquake record database. Using the dynamic time history analysis method, the seismic response of the bridge structure under the far-field long-period seismic record and the ordinary seismic record was obtained through calculation, and a comparative analysis was carried out. The results show that the seismic response of a high-pier long-span continuous rigid frame bridge under far-field long-period ground motions is significantly greater than that of ordinary ground motions, the effect of ground motion spectrum characteristics should be considered in seismic design of such Bridges.
Numerical simulation of the influence of ground fissures on the deformation characteristics of the surface
Authors: Tian Yingjie , Xu Zhipeng , Hu Hongwei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
in order to study the influence of ground fissures on the construction of expressway, a ground fissure (F1) with a strike of NE20∼45° and length of 120km in Yunnan Province is selected as the research object. The FLAC3D numerical software is used to study the characteristics of displacement and stress. The results show that: (1) under normal fault activity, vertical displacement mainly develops hanging wall. (2) The overall variation law of the surface subsidence curve presents an “s“ type distribution. (3) The stress of the two plates changes with the fracture activity, which is manifested in the stress increasing area in the footwall and the stress decreasing area in the hanging wall.
Research on Integrated Liquefaction Assessment for Stone Column Applied in Coral Sand Area within High Earthquake Magnitude Zone
Authors: Liang Xiaocong , Chen Pingshan , Qiu Qingchang , Wang Jing , Zhu Mingxing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
For deep and thick coral reef sand with high fine contents in high magnitude zone where the traditional vibro-compaction is not sufficient to compact, the stone column shall be applied as liquefaction mitigation measurement. Based on the analysis of the three major anti liquefaction criterion of stone column, an integrated evaluation method combined densification, shear stress distribution and drainage criterion for liquefaction mitigation was proposed, further a field test with 10.1% replacement ratio was launched. According to the analysis of the test result, the loose reclamation coral sand could be improved to an average 4.3 times SPT N value comparing. While for the medium dense coral sand, the densification among columns is limited, SPT N value is only increased by 1.3 times, and the densification decreases with fines content increasing. Further, the safety factor of liquefaction is only 0.70 and 1.01 when only considering densification criterion, or combined with shear stress redistribution criterion. However, if assessed by integrated assessment method which is mainly based on drainage criterion together with densification criterion and shear stress redistribution criterion, the calculated pore pressure ratio is still far less than the design value of 0.6 and that indicated the risk of liquefaction is still low. Moreover, when the bottom feed vibro-replacement process is adopted, the permeability coefficient of stone gravel is expected to reduce by half after stone column construction completion.
Research on Cavitation Characteristics and Control Measures of Horizontal Swirl Spillway Tunnel
Authors: Huang Peng , Zhou Heng , Di Shengjie , Lu Xi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The swirling chamber of the horizontal swirling energy dissipation is the key part to form the swirling flow, but the swirling chamber and the rising sill are also sensitive parts of cavitation. In order to improve its anti-cavitation performance, the side wall aeration and pressure should be increased. This paper proposes to set up an annular aeration sill in the middle and upper part of the shaft, and use a vent pipe to supplement the air under the sill to increase the aeration volume of the swirling chamber and the ascending sill. Both the monitoring data and the flow surface inspection show that the noise of the cavitation water flow in the swirling chamber of the horizontal swirling tunnel is weak. There are no obvious signs of negative pressure and cavitation. The ventilation facilities of the shaft section are effective, and the water flow is fully air-entrained. The water flow aeration can effectively protect the surface of the flow channel. This measure can effectively solve the anti-cavitation problem.
Response analysis of inertia mass under dynamic load
Authors: Tian Zhen , Liang Yanfang , Zhao Yongxi , He Jiangtao , Zhai Minghui , Luo Ye , Luo Yuxiang , Sun Jianyun , Yang Shaolin , Geng Dongqing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the fields of civil engineering, aerospace and mechanical manufacturing, inertia mass is a very common form of load. The research on the response of inertia mass under dynamic load can provide a strong basis for the research in the above fields. In this paper, in order to study the response of inertia mass under dynamic load, a high-speed dynamic actuator is used to carry out sinusoidal loading and impact loading on an inertia mass, and its response under dynamic load is studied, which can provide a basic basis for the follow-up study of inertia mass. It can be concluded from the response analysis of inertia mass that the motion of inertia mass satisfies the basic laws of kinematics and dynamics.
Analysis of the influence about back side sand pile on the stability and deformation of the Pile foundation frame Seawall
Authors: Xiongwei Wu , Mingli Tang , Yongxin Yao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article analyzes the influence about backwater side sand piling of a Pile-based frame Seawall along the east coast of Zhejiang on the stability and deformation. When sand is not piled on the backwater side of the Seawall, the overall safety factor of the Seawall is 1.619∼2.941, which meets the specifications and design requirements; when the backwater side is piled with sand or sand piling+vehicle driving, the overall safety factor of the Seawall is respectively 1.119∼1.617, 1.107∼1.599, and the safety factor of some working conditions is less than required 1.20, which does not meet the specifications and design requirements. According to the simulation results of the MIDAS finite element software, the settlement of the Seawall within 3 months of sand piling is 22.0mm, and the horizontal displacement is 7.9mm, indicating that the sand piling on the back side has a great influence on the deformation of the Seawall. The settlement and horizontal displacement of the Seawall are too large, resulting in a large reduction in the vertical and horizontal bearing capacity of the pile foundation, which has a huge impact on the overall stability and safe operation, severely disrupting the stress balance of the Seawall structure, and causing landslides on the water-facing side risk.
A review of surface properties enhancement of pavement concrete
Authors: Cheng Hu , Xingzhong Weng , Xiangcheng Yan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The surface properties of pavement concrete have great influence on the overall performance of pavement, so it is of great significance to study how to effectively strengthen the surface properties of pavement concrete. The surface properties of pavement concrete are mainly reflected in three aspects: abrasion resistance, frost resistance, and impact resistance. The ways to strengthen the surface properties of pavement concrete are mainly focused on surface fortifier, adding polymer mixture, fiber, and additive, improving the way of maintenance, improving construction technology and optimizing the basic components of concrete. These five ways have its advantages and disadvantages. To enhance the surface properties of concrete economically, effectively and comprehensively, the way that laying fiber mesh into cement mortar layer is put forward.
Research on creep characteristics of sand with different fine content
Authors: Taotao Mei , Deyong Wang , Xiaocong Liang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The storage yard in port terminal project is generally is formed by backfilling. If the backfill contains high content of fine particle, on the one hand, it will cause difficulty in foundation treatment, on the other hand, excessive settlement will occur during the operation period, which will affecting the normal operation of the project. In this paper, through experimental research on the creep settlement of sandy soils with different fine content, the relevant parameters of sandy soils with different fine-grained contents and different types of finegrained soils are obtained, and through the analysis and fitting of commonly used rheological element models, the settlement calculation parameters of sandy soil with different fine contents are obtained.