bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of nanopore sequencers MinION and Nanoporus in the identification of pathogen nucleic acids
Authors: Grigoryan D. A. , Stetsenko I. F. , Gukov B. S. , Matsvay A. D. , Shipulin G. A. 
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Nanopore sequencing technologies have become a routine tool in science and medicine, they are widely used in the study of pathogen diversity and distribution and play a key role in field epidemiology.Objective. Comparative evaluation of the third-generation sequencers MinION and Nanoporus functional capabilities in the detection of pathogens in biological material, including comparison of the taxonomic composition determined using them with the results obtained on the second-generation reference platform MiSeq (Illumina).Materials and methods. A total of 138 archival DNA samples with known taxonomic composition (14 families, 20 genus and 43 species of viral and bacterial pathogens, totaling 169 pathogens) were analyzed. Nanopore sequencers MinION and Nanoporus with original flow cells R9.4.1 and R10.4.1 from ONT, as well as high-performance platform MiSeq from Illumina for preliminary identification of the composition of the samples containing different titers of pathogens nucleic acids of a number of taxonomic groups were used in the study. Comparative evaluation of the obtained data (number of sequences, average read quality scores (Qscore) for each nucleotide, GC-content of sequences, sequence length distribution, read duplication level) was performed using the MultiQC bioinformatics tool (version 1.20).Results. The MinION and Nanoporus devices identified 98.8% and 97.6% of pathogens, respectively, including understudied or new viruses. The use of the flow cell latest version on both devices significantly reduced the proportion of low-quality reads. The data obtained demonstrated a high degree of correlation between the results of the second and third-generation sequencers, which confirms the comparability and interchangeability of these technologies in the pathogen nucleic acid identification.Conclusions. The study results demonstrate the potential of MinION and Nanoporus nanopore sequencers for application in epidemiologic surveillance. The devices can provide high accuracy of pathogens of different nature identification and, due to their compactness and portability, can significantly increase the diagnostic and monitoring speed of infectious diseases.
Regional Differences in the Years of Potential Life Lost in the Context of Avoidable Mortality from Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Grigorov A. A. , Sabgayda T. P. , Zubko A. V. 
Published: December 2024

Disparities in mortality rates within a country indicate social inequalities in population health across different regions. Initiatives aimed at reducing mortality have shown to effectively decrease preventable deaths and extend the lives of individuals with cardiovascular diseases; therefore, it is relevant to compare regions based on years of potential life lost (YPLL) due to premature preventable mortality.The aim of the study was to compare YPLL for individuals who died from avoidable and unavoidable causes of cardiovascular diseases in Russian regions with different levels of available specialized medical care.The results align with the hypothesis that regions with limited access to specialized medical care show higher rates of YPLL due to preventable cardiovascular disease deaths regardless of the morbidity, i.e., regional differences in mortality rates are highly related to social inequalities. To the greatest extent, premature preventable mortality from cardiovascular diseases is influenced by the availability of cardiology professionals.The majority of cardiovascular deaths were avoidable. On the eve of the COVID-19 pandemic, YPLL were more than 27 years per 1,000 population among men and more than 9 years among women, accounting for 69.2% and 69.8% of total preventable YPLL for men and women, respectively.
Periodical Medical Examination of Elderly Population in Moscow
Authors: Zemlyanova E. V. , Savina A. A. , Podchernina A. M. 
Published: December 2024

Background. Senior citizens’ health, healthy aging, and active longevity have become at the top of the agenda while life expectancy is increasing. These issues are among the priorities for Moscow, as a metropolis with high levels of life expectancy in elderly age groups. Preventive healthcare is crucial to ensuring a good level of health and post-retirement activity among the older population.Objective. To evaluate the preventive activity of seniors, i.e., undergoing periodical medical examination, in Moscow compared to the Russian Federation as a whole.Materials and methods. The authors used the microdata sets from the study of the population’s health status conducted by the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation (ROSSTAT) using the representative sampling method in 2023.Results. The commitment of elderly people to make regular health check-ups also depends on the behavioral risk factors. Respondents without a smoking habit, including non-smokers, former smokers, and those who have never smoked, take the most care of their own health: 60.3% and 63.8% of them underwent periodical medical examinations in Russia and Moscow, respectively.Discussion. The elderly population shows insufficient activity in undergoing free periodical medical examinations. People aged 60-74 years are most committed to this type of preventive measure. Women take more care of their own health. The level of respondents’ responsibility for their own health increases with the level of respondents’ education.
Development of Criteria for Assessing Nutritional Status in Moscow Adults Using Bioimpedance Analysis Data
Authors: Rudnev S. G. , Ivanova A. E. , Godina E. Z. , Zubko A. V. , Starodubov V. I. 
Published: December 2024

Objective. To develop the criteria for assessing nutritional status in Moscow adults using bioimpedance analysis data.Materials and methods. The research used data from a non-clinical, cross-sectional, observational study on the body composition of Moscow adults aged 18-96 in Moscow health centers between 2010 and 2019 by the method of bioimpedance analysis. A total of 340,814 persons were assessed, including 96,780 men and 244,034 women. Bioimpedance measurements were taken using bioimpedance analyzers according to a standard four-electrode assessment scheme in the supine position of patients with disposable bioadhesive ECG-electrodes. The relative fat mass (RFM) was assessed using the percentage of fat mass (%FM) and the fat mass index (FMI). The criteria for assessing RFM were the cut-offs of %FM and FMI calculated based on the centiles of BMI thresholds according to the IOTF ageand sex-specific criteria. Polynomial smoothing was then applied. In the same way, the criteria for assessing the relative fat-free mass (RFFM) were derived based on the cut-offs of the fat-free mass index (FFMI).Results. Diagnostic tables were designed to determine the RFM and RFFM in Moscow adults. The prevalence of normal weight obesity was assessed.Conclusion. In conjunction with the previously developed criteria for assessing the nutritional status of Moscow children and adolescents, the study results can be used in clinical, preventive, or sports medicine to diagnose and correct nutritional status disorders as well as to monitor physical development.
Nuevas consideraciones acerca de La riña de Velázquez y su compañera Soldados jugando a los dados de Ercole Bartolussi
Authors: Juan María Cruz Yábar  
Published: December 2024

Resumen

En 2023 advertimos que La riña de Velázquez y su pareja, Soldados jugando a los dados (Galería Pallavicini de Roma) se mencionaron en el inventario real del Alcázar de 1636, lo que afirmaba la autoría de Velázquez para la primera y propusimos la de su oficial Ercole Bartolussi para la segunda. Ahora hemos hallado que ambas pinturas eran propiedad del mismo Velázquez a su muerte en 1660. Este dato despeja definitivamente las dudas acerca de la autoría de las mismas y nos lleva a pensar que pudieron pasar en 1666 a poder de Inés, la nieta del pintor, y su marido Pedro Rodríguez Cortés, quienes las regalarían entonces a don Pedro Antonio de Aragón, virrey de Nápoles, y éste a su vez al condestable Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna.

Palabras clave: Velázquez, Galería Pallavicini, Bambochantes, Ercole Bartolussi, Juan Bautista Martínez del Mazo, Pedro Rodríguez Cortés, Cardenal Pascual de Aragón, Pedro Antonio de Aragón. Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna.

Abstract

In 2023 we noted that Velázquez’s The Fight and its companion piece, Soldiers Playing Dice (Galleria Pallavicini, Rome) were mentioned in the royal inventory of the Alcázar of 1636, which affirmed Velázquez’s authorship of the former and proposed that of his officer Ercole Bartolussi for the latter. We have now found that both paintings were owned by Velázquez himself on his death in 1660. This fact definitively clears up any doubts about their authorship and leads us to think that they may have passed in 1666 to Inés, the painter’s granddaughter, and her husband Pedro Rodríguez Cortés, who then gave them to Pedro Antonio de Aragón, Viceroy of Naples, who in turn gave them to the Constable Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna.
Keywords: Velázquez, Pallavicini Gallery, Bamboccianti, Ercole Bartolussi, Juan Bautista Martínez del Mazo, Pedro Rodríguez Cortés, Cardinal Pascual de Aragón, Pedro Antonio de Aragón, Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna.
Nuevos datos sobre la historia constructiva de las capillas de San Lorenzo de Nuestra Señora del Pilar y de San Vicente mártiry San Agustín de la Seo de Zaragoza (siglo XVIII)
Authors: Ana María Ágreda Pino  , Jorge Andrés Casabón  
Published: December 2024

Resumen

Se analiza en este trabajo el proceso constructivo de las tres capillas que figuran en el título del mismo. Se trata de tres proyectos realizados en las primeras décadas del siglo XVIII en los que intervinieron los principales artistas de la ciudad de Zaragoza en estas fechas: el maestro de obras Juan Sánchez, el cantero Pedro de Balderrain, el escultor José Sanz Alfaro, los pintores Francisco del Plano y Miguel Jerónimo Lorieri y el pintor ceramista Jacinto Causada. La documentación exhumada ha permitido confirmar algunas de sus intervenciones, ya apuntadas como hipótesis por los especialistas. Otras noticias, inéditas hasta la fecha, han desvelado su quehacer concreto y las condiciones en las que las obras se contrataron y desarrollaron. Nos encontramos antes tres conjuntos barrocos de gran homogeneidad, caracterizados por la integración de distintas manifestaciones artísticas en un espacio arquitectónico acotado. Su estudio, y el de la trayectoria de sus artífices, dibuja un panorama más preciso del desarrollo de las artes en la capital aragonesa tras la guerra de Sucesión.

Palabras clave: capillas, Seo de Zaragoza, Nuestra Señora del Pilar, barroco, Juan Sánchez, Pedro de Balderrain, José Sanz Alfaro, Francisco del Plano, Miguel Jerónimo Lorieri, Jacinto Causada.

Abstract

This paper analyses the construction process of the three chapels mentioned in the title of the work. These three projects were carried out in the first decades of the 18th century and involved the principal artists of the city of Zaragoza at that time: the master builder Juan Sánchez, the stonemason Pedro de Balderrain, the sculptor José Sanz Alfaro, the painters Francisco del Plano and Miguel Jerónimo Lorieri and the ceramic painter Jacinto Causada. The found documentation has made it possible to confirm some of their interventions, already hypothesised by specialists. Other information, hitherto unpublished, has revealed their specific work and the conditions under which the works were contracted and carried out. We are dealing with three highly homogenous Baroque ensembles, characterised by the integration of different artistic manifestations in a limited architectural space. Their study, and that of the careers of their creators, provides a more accurate picture of the development of the arts in the Aragonese capital after the War of the Spanish Succession.

Keywords: Chapels, Seo de Zaragoza, Nuestra Señora del Pilar, Baroque, Juan Sánchez, Pedro de Balderrain, José Sanz Alfaro, Francisco del Plano, Miguel Jerónimo Lorieri, Jacinto Causada.
Hands-on Workshop on Cryobiology and Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) in the Laboratory Mouse
Authors: Kumari BA Shilpa , V Reena , T Srinivasulu , A M Manjunath , N Mahima , Nair Vaishak , Hangekar Salil , P Priya , Aswini Akash , N Roopa , Anand Abhishek , Chukki Latha , GH Mohan , Sahare Mahesh 
Published: December 2024

Animal models are important in biomedical research for validation of in vitro results, conducting proof of concept studies, and investigating the variety of disease processes and therapeutic targets that help in narrowing the gap between bench and bedside. The advent of precise genome engineering technologies has allowed the generation of an increasing number of novel and complex genetically engineered mouse models that can be made available to the scientific and research community. It is important to also provide access to efficient technologies to safely archive, protect, manage, and maintain these precious mouse models. Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) are emerging as an important tool in the strategic management of vivariums, which involves animal welfare, disaster preparedness, cost minimization, and most importantly, reproducible research.
Reporting of Mammary Tumours in Sprague Dawley/NIN Mutant (Hairless) Rat Strain.
Authors: Vani M Satya , Patil Pradeep B , M V Surekha , B Tulja , Mangthya Korra , Naik Ravindar , M Srinivas , Kondapalli Narender B , Qadri S S Y H 
Published: December 2024

A spontaneous genetic mutation in Sprague Dawley rats was detected at the ICMR-NIN animal facility. The spontaneously mutated rat was examined for body composition, serum biochemistry, peripheral blood CD4 and CD8 cell population, and spontaneous tumour growth. We observed the spontaneous development of tumours in 24 animals on crossbreeding. The animals showed no significant differences in vital organ structure as compared to the heterozygous animals. Interestingly, both homozygous (hairless) and heterozygous rats developed spontaneous fibroadenomas in their mammary glands during adulthood, which was distinct from the parent NIN/SD rat colony. Importantly, there was no connection between the biochemical and T cell population and the presence of these tumours. The histological characteristics of the tumours closely resembled mammary tumours in humans. In conclusion, the hairless SD rat model with thymus will serve as a valuable tool in cancer research, particularly in mammary tumour studies.
Advancements of 3Rs in Biomedical Research, Laboratory Animal Science and Welfare: International Perspectives
Authors: Devan R K Shakthi , Ingle Arvind , SG Ramachandra , Hegde Nagendra , S Ramesh , P Nagarajan , SP Muthukumar , Buragohain Rinku , Singh Vijay Pal , Tamhankar Chetan 
Published: December 2024

The article summarises the outcomes of an international conference of Laboratory Animal Scientists’ Association (LASA, India) on “Advancements of 3Rs in Biomedical Research, Laboratory Animal Science and Welfare: International Perspectives” which was organised by the Conference Committee and Organising Secretary, Dr. R K Shakthi Devan, Syngene International Ltd, Bangalore; Secretary, Laboratory Animal Scientists’ Association; and Indian College of Laboratory Animal Medicine at National Science Seminar Complex, JN Tata Auditorium, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore on 7 and 8 November 2023 and preconference workshops also held on 6 November 2023. LASA India is a national organization dedicated to advancing laboratory animal science by promoting the ethical care and use of laboratory animals. LASA has more than 1000 life members from biomedical professionals including Veterinarians, Scientists, Academicians, Researchers, Technical experts from industry, state and central institutions in the field of laboratory animal science. The organisers felt a need for the promotion of 3R’s (Replacement, Reduction and Refinement) through this international event which was planned meticulously.
FEATURES OF GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF OIL AND GAS FIELDS IN THE WEST KAZAKHSTAN REGION
Authors: Hodzhanova B.H. , Abdusheva G.Zh. , Yakupova J.B. 
Published: December 2024

The West Kazakhstan region is rich in oil and gas reserves due to its historical geological development factors. The purpose of the study is to study the geographical distribution of gas and oil fields in the West Kazakhstan region. The article provides locations, location, geological development, geological age, depth of occurrence, occupied territory, reserves and share in the development of the country’s economy. The description of about twenty oil and gas fields in the region is given. The largest of them are the Karachaganak and Chinarevskoye fields. In the course of the article, based on the study of factual material, an attempt was made to provide an economic justification for the use of all types of material raw materials for the development of agriculture in the region, taking into account the integrated use of energy and mineral resources, their effectiveness
Батыс Қазақстан облысы өзінің тарихи геологиялық даму факторларына байланысты мұнай және газ қорларына бай. Зерттеудің мақсаты Батыс Қазақстан облысы аумағында газ және мұнай кен орындарының географиялық таралуын зерттеу болып табылады. Мақалада Батыс Қазақстан облысы аумағында таралған мұнай және газ кен орындарының орны, орналасу ауданы, геологиялық дамуы, геологиялық жасы, орналасу тереңдіктері, алып жатқан аумағы, қоры қанша және ел экономикасының дамуындағы үлесі келтірілген. Облыс аумағындағы жиырмаға жуық мұнай және газ кен орындарына сипаттама берілді. Олардың ішінде ең ірілері Қарашығанақ және Чинарев кен орындары. Мақала барысында, нақты материалды зерделеу негiзiнде энергетикалық және минералдық ресурстарды кешендi пайдалануды, олардың тиiмдiлiгiн ескере отырып, облыстың ел шаруашылығын дамыту үшiн материалдық шикiзаттың барлық түрлерiн пайдалануға экономикалық негiздеме беруге әрекет жасалды
Западно-Казахстанская область богата запасами нефти и газа благодаря своим историческим геологическим факторам развития. Целью исследования является изучение географического распределения газовых и нефтяных месторождений на территории Западно-Казахстанской области. В статье приводятся место нахождения, район расположения, геологическое развитие, геологический возраст, глубина залегания, занимаемая территория, запасы и доля в развитии экономики страны. Дано описание около двадцати месторождений нефти и газа на территории области. Наиболее крупными из них являются Карачаганакское и Чинаревское месторождения. В ходе статьи на основе изучения фактического материала была предпринята попытка дать экономическое обоснование использования всех видов материального сырья для развития сельского хозяйства области с учетом комплексного использования энергетических и минеральных ресурсов, их эффективности
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ РУДЫ И ПОРОД РУДНЫХ МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЙ С ОЦЕНКОЙ ПРИРОДНОГО ПОЛЯ НАПРЯЖЕННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ МАССИВА
Authors: Арыстан И.Д. , Матаев А.К. , Хамзе А.М. , Ибырханов Т.С. 
Published: December 2024

Цель научной статьи – проведение комплексного исследования механических свойств руд и пород месторождения Жиландинской группы, а также оценка природного поля напряженного состояния массива для решения геомеханических задач при оптимизации ведения горных работ. Тесты гидроразрыва на замерных станциях показали значительное тектоническое напряжение, связанное с формой структурных складок и трещиноватостью массива. Установлено, что для массива скальных пород характерна неравномерная трещиноватость. Она имеет тектоническое происхождение и в среднем составляет от 10-15 до 15-25 трещин на метр для различных литологических разновидностей
Ғылыми мақаланың мақсаты Жиланды тобының кен орындары мен тау жыныстарының механикалық қасиеттеріне кешенді зерттеу жүргізу, сондай-ақ тау-кен жұмыстарын жүргізуді оңтайландыру кезінде геомеханикалық мәселелерді шешу үшін массивтің кернеулі күйінің табиғи өрісін бағалау. Өлшеу станцияларындағы фрекинг сынақтары құрылымдық қатпарлардың пішініне және массивтің жарылуына байланысты айтарлықтай тектоникалық кернеуді көрсетті. Тау жыныстарының массиві біркелкі емес жарықшақпен сипатталатыны анықталды. Ол тектоникалық шыққан және әр түрлі литологиялық сорттар үшін орташа есеппен бір метрге 10-15-тен 15-25 жарықшаққа дейін. Станциялардағы максималды көлденең кернеу 70°±10 азимутқа бағытталған
The purpose of the scientific article is to conduct a comprehensive study of the mechanical properties of ores and rocks of the Zhilandinsky group deposit, as well as an assessment of the natural field of the stressed state of the massif to solve geomechanical problems in optimizing mining operations. Hydraulic fracturing tests at measuring stations showed significant tectonic stress associated with the shape of structural folds and fracturing of the massif. It has been established that the rock mass is characterized by uneven fracturing. It has a tectonic origin and averages from 10-15 to 15-25 cracks per meter for various lithological varieties
Variation in musculoskeletal oncology training and rotation in Orthopedic residency programs: a survey across Khyber Pakhtunkhwa teaching institutes
Authors: Ibrahim Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Hassam , Shah Syed Usman , Khan Zeeshan 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: There is a significant variation in musculoskeletal oncology exposure during orthopedic residency program in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan
Objective: To evaluate the disparity in orthopedic oncology rotations amongst different Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) teaching institutes.
Materials & Methods: A postal survey was conducted from July 1, 2021, to January 31, 2022, at the Department of Trauma & Orthopedic Surgery at Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar. Questionnaires with 15 components were designed and distributed postally among orthopaedic residents. Simple numerical calculations were required for statistical analysis in this study and hence Microsoft Excel 2013 was used for data entry and calculations.
Results: Fifty percent of the residents were exposed to 1-5 musculoskeletal oncology patients/month in an OPD or emergency department; 55% of residents denied any exposure to a dedicated MSK oncology rotation in their training; 46% of residents did not receive any oncology rotations during their training, and 82% of residents believed that having a dedicated MSK oncology rotation will help them in passing their residency exit exam.
Conclusion: A large percentage of residents do not have a specialized oncology rotation during their residency. Furthermore, the number of weeks residents spend on a dedicated oncology rotation, the post-graduate year in which residents rotate on an oncology service, and the location in which residents receive their oncology training, as well as the number of cases per rotation and dedicated lectures, vary greatly among KP training institutes.