bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison and Analysis of Resource and Environmental Carrying Capacity of Typical Rare Earth Mining Areas in China
Authors: Bai Jingjing , Xu Xin , Duan Yaoting , Zhang Guangyu , Wang Zhe , Wang Lu , Zheng Chunli 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Rare earth is a non-renewable and important strategic resource, and China is rich in rare earth resources. However, the process of massive exploitation has caused the migration, diffusion transformation and accumulation of pollution sources, which in turn has a profound impact on the ecological environment of mining areas. Accurate evaluation of resource and environmental carrying capacity (RECC) is important for the green development of mining areas. In this paper, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on AHP and entropy combination assignment method is used to study the RECC of mine area in terms of both support capacity and pressure. The Bayan Obo mine in Inner Mongolia; Longnan mine in Jiangxi; Weishan mine in Shandong; Mianning mine in Sichuan; Pingyuan mine in Guangdong; and Chongzuo mine in Guangxi, which have typical representatives, were selected for the horizontal comparison. The results show that, with the exception of Bayan Obo, the support index is greater than the pressure from mining and human activities in all the mining areas. The RECC index ranks for each mining area were: Bayan Obo > Longnan > Mianning > Pingyuan > Weishan > Chongzuo. In addition, an obstacle degree model was used to identify and extract the main factors affecting the ecological quality of the mine site. The ratio of investment in environmental pollution control to GDP is the most important factor limiting the improvement of the mine support index. The results of this paper were given for the different evolutionary processes and differences of RECC in typical rare earth mining areas, which could provide valuable references for achieving the green and comprehensive development of rare earth industry.
Evaluation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, Oxidative DNA Damage and Metalloproteinases in the Lungs of Rats Treated With Cadmium and Carvacrol
Authors: Yesildag Kerim , Gur Cihan , Ileriturk Mustafa , Kandemir Fatih Mehmet 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The potential protective properties of carvacrol (CRV), which possesses various biological and pharmacological properties, against lung toxicity caused by cadmium (Cd), a major environmental pollutant, were investigated in the present study. Methods and Results: In the study, rats were given 25 or 50 mg/kg CRV orally 30 minutes after administrating 25 mg/kg cadmium chloride for seven days. Subsequently, the levels of 8-OHdG, MMP-2, and MMP-9, as well as markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, were analyzed in the lung tissue of the animals. The results revealed that CRV exhibited antioxidant characteristics and raised SOD, CAT, GPx, and CAT levels and decreased the MDA levels induced by Cd. It also suppressed proinflammatory cytokines by lowering the levels of CRV NF-kB and p38 MAPK, thus exerting an anti-inflammatory effect against Cd. It was found that the levels of Bax, Caspase-3, and cytochrome c increased by Cd were decreased by the application of CRV. CRV also showed an anti-apoptotic effect by increasing Bcl-2 levels. The levels of 8-OHdG, MMP2, and MMP9, which increased with Cd administration, were observed to reduce after treatment with CRV. Conclusions: The results show that CRV has protective properties against Cd-induced lung toxicity.
Prevalence of overweight and its associated risk factors among adolescents: A cross-sectional study in peri-urban area of Nepal
Authors: Khatri Elina , Yadav Rajesh Kumar , Baral Sushila , Poudel Sudha , Baral Kedar Prasad 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Adolescence, being a crucial stage for experimentation and acceptance of new behavioral and lifestyle choices, is detrimental to their nutritional status. The nutritional status of adolescents being shaped by socio-cultural, environmental, and economic factors has also been impacted by their food habits and level of physical activity. The current nutritional shift and rapid urbanization had emerged overweight as an additional burden for consistently prevalent undernutrition issues. So, the study aimed to identify the prevalence of and risk factors for overweight among school adolescents.
Methods

A school-based cross-sectional analytical study was carried out among school adolescents in a Sub-metropolitan city of Nepal. A random sample of 279 adolescents from nine schools was included in the study. The anthropometric measurement of the height and the weight were measured as per the standard. The odds ratio with a 95% CI was calculated and a p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered as cut off for statistical significance by fitting into the final multivariable logistic regression.
Results

The overall prevalence of overweight was obtained as 9.31% (95% CI: 6.40 − 13.3). The mean age of respondents was 15.5 years. The early aged adolescents were more overweight than compared to middle-aged adolescents (AOR: 0.27, CI: 0.028–2.67) and late adolescents (AOR: 0.66, CI: 0.068–6.44) respectively. Similarly, adolescents residing in rural areas had 0.35 (AOR = 0.33, CI: 0.030–3.71) odds of being overweight compared to their counterparts. Adolescents with sedentary behavior were 4 times (AOR = 3.51, CI: 0.79–15.54) more likely of being overweight than their counterparts.
Conclusions

Overweight among adolescents in urban areas has emerged as an alarming issue with the increasing burden. It is therefore pertinent to emphasize adolescents to improve healthy weight status.
Dynamic PEEP Study: A Non-Invasive Diagnostic Exam to Assess for Effective PEEP in Fragile Children With Severe BPD
Authors: Montoya Cassie , Steinhorn Robin , Berger John , Haroyan Harutyun , Said Mariam , Perez Geovanny 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveTracheobronchomalacia (TBM) is common in neonates with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and is associated with higher morbidity. This study evaluates the value of a CT protocol to assess the degree of TBM and gauge the adequacy of prescribed PEEP. Study DesignFour infants with severe BPD on invasive mechanical ventilation underwent a chest CT protocol, including limited reduced- dose expiratory scans with varying PEEP levels. ResultsBaseline PEEP was adjusted in all subjects after performing the Dynamic PEEP CT. In two infants, the PEEP was increased due to significant TBM, and in the other, two without signs of TBM PEEP was decreased. The clinical course improved in all patients after adjusting PEEP. ConclusionA "Dynamic PEEP" study is a highly reliable and non-invasive imaging modality for the evaluation of adequate ventilator settings in infants with severe BPD who are not optimal candidates for bronchoscopy.
In-Vivo Functional and Structural Retinal Imaging Using Multiwavelength Photoacoustic Remote Sensing Microscopy and Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Hosseinaee Zohreh , Pellegrino Nicholas , Abbasi Nima , Amiri Tara , Simmons James A. Tummon , Fieguth Paul , Reza Parsin Haji 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A multiwavelength photoacoustic remote sensing (PARS) microscope is combined with swept-source optical coherence tomography and applied to in-vivo, non-contact retinal imaging. Building on the proven strength of multiwavelength PARS imaging, the system is applied for estimating retinal oxygen saturation in the rat eye. The capability of the technology is demonstrated by imaging both microanatomy and the microvasculature of the retina in-vivo. To our knowledge, this is the first time a non-contact photoacoustic imaging technique is employed for in-vivo oxygen saturation measurement in the retina.
Recurrent Glioblastoma is Associated with a Closed DNA Conformation
Authors: Garrett Matthew Clark , Albano Rebecca , Carnwath Troy , Shah Sanjit , Woo Daniel , Lamba Michael , Plas David R. , Paranjpe Aditi , Roskin Krishna , Zhao Chuntao , Lu Richard 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction: The pathological changes in epigenetics and gene regulation that accompany the progression of low-grade to high-grade gliomas are under-studied. The authors use a large set of paired atac-seq and RNA-seq data from surgically resected glioma specimens to infer gene regulatory relationships in glioma.Methods: Thirty-eight glioma patient samples underwent atac-seq sequencing and sixteen samples underwent additional RNA-seq analysis. Using an atac-seq/RNA-seq correlation matrix, atac-seq peaks were paired with genes based on high correlation values (|r2|>0.6). Results: Samples clustered by IDH1 status but not by grade. Surprisingly there was a trend for IDH1 mutant samples to have more peaks. The majority of peaks are positively correlated with survival and positively correlated with gene expression. Constructing a model of the top six atac-seq peaks created a highly accurate survival prediction model (r2=0.68). Four of these peaks were still significant after controlling for age, grade, pathology, IDH1 status and gender. Grade II, III, and IV (primary) samples have similar transcription factors and gene modules. However, grade IV (recurrent) samples have strikingly few peaks. Patient-derived glioma cultures showed decreased peak counts following radiation indicating that this may be radiation-induced.Conclusions: This study supports the notion that IDH1 mutant and IDH1 wildtype gliomas have different epigenetic landscapes and that accessible chromatin sites mapped by atac-seq peaks tend to be positively correlated with expression. The data in this study leads to a new model of treatment response wherein glioma cells respond to radiation therapy by closing open regions of DNA.
Paleotsunami Evidence in the Bahía Inglesa Coast (Atacama, Chile) Based on a Multi-Approach Analysis
Authors: Carballeira Rafael , Peña-Monne J. L. , Otero X. L. , Sampietro-Vattuone M. M. , Castro-Correa C. P. , Soto-Bauerle M. V. , Pérez-Alberti A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Atacama coast is located in an area with a current high risk of tsunami, and the sedimentary deposits found in the Bahía Inglesa area, in the Morro sector, clearly indicate that this was also the case in the past. Thisinvestigation analyzes a paleotsunami sedimentary deposit consisting of a block field associated with three sand lobes oriented towards land on top of a marine terrace at an altitude of 70–75 m, which originated from a tsunamigenic event occurred between interglacial periods MIS 7 (ca. 210 ± 10 ky) and MIS5e (ca.125 ± 5 ky). The deposits have been studied using a multiple approach combining geomorphological, sedimentological, biological, and geochemical criteria. The first type of criteria clearly indicate that the energy required to move the blocks and form the sand lobes could only have been generated by a tsunami. Sedimentological criteria constitute direct evidences of a marine origin due to the presence of siliceous remains from diatom species and spicules from strictly marine sponges, while geochemical criteria, such as the stable isotope signature and chemical composition, constitute evidence of a marine intrusion.
Effective Aggregate Data Collection and Enhanced Network Lifetime Using Energy Efficient Aggregation Data Convening Routing in Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: D Satheesh Kumar , S Saravanasundaram , S Prakash , S Selvaperumal 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A wireless sensor network is a network system that uses wireless sensor nodes to monitor physical or environmental conditions as voice, temperature, and spatial dispersive movements. Each node can locally sense its environment, process information and data and send the data to one or more collection points within the WSN. In the existing solution categorized into member nodes and group/cluster heads(CH). The CH election process increases the overhead of the network and reduce the network lifetime. The processing and energy limitations of the nodes are considered for the CH election process. In this cluster formation methods aiming at Cluster head selection process and providing trust in hierarchical WSN are proposed. In this Energy Efficient Aggregation Data Convening Routing (E2ADCR) to estimate the routing path, and aggregate data collection to improve the network lifetime. The major advantage of this technique is to avoid the malicious or selfish node from becoming a dominant cluster in a group of clusters. Initially sink node selection is forward the Configuration Message (CM) to every node on network to construct the performing node. In this, cluster selection based on connection density, degree of the node angle, and residual energy (Quality Factor) that is evaluated from the link robustness, energy and degree of the node. Multi hop link transmission support path optimization technique is estimated in the path when the obstacle is present in the WSN. To introduce an Aggregated Support based Data Collection for evaluate each packet flow monitor on the network if any unrelated packet that will eliminate to forward to sink node. The new routing protocols, which were developed during this research, have better energy efficiency. The proposed routing path of the computational simplicity is achieved by a simple method.
Analysis of Clinical Patient-Specific Pre-Treatment Quality Assurance with the New Helical TomoTherapy® Platform, following the AAPM TG-218 Report
Authors: Fusella Marco , Cavinato Samuele , Germani Alessandra , Paiusco Marta , Pivato Nicola , Rossato Marco Andrea , Scott Anthony , Scaggion Alessandro 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: This study presents patient-specific quality assurance (QA) results from the first 395 clinical cases for the new helical TomoTherapy® platform (Radixact) coupled with dedicated Precision TPS.Methods: The passing rate of the Gamma Index (GP%) of 395 helical QA of patient-specific Tomotherapy, acquired with ArcCHECK, is presented, analysed and correlated to various parameters of the plan. Following TG-218 recommendations, the clinic specific action limit (ALcs) and tolerance limit (TLcs) were calculated for our clinic and monitored during the analysed period.Results: the mean values ​​(± 1 standard deviation) of GP% (3% / 2mm) (both global and local normalization) are: 97.6% and 90.9%, respectively. The proposed ALcs and TLcs, after a period of two years’ process monitoring are 89.4% and 91.1% respectively.Conclusions: The phantom measurements closely match the planned dose distributions, demonstrating that the calculation accuracy of the new Precision TPS and the delivery accuracy of the Radixact unit are adequate, with respect to international guidelines and reports. Furthermore, a first correlation with the planning parameters was made. Action and tolerance limits have been set for the new Radixact Linac.
Breast Carcinoma-amplified Sequence 2 Regulates Adult Neurogenesis via β-catenin
Authors: Chen Show-Li 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Breast carcinoma-amplified sequence 2 (BCAS2) regulates β-catenin gene splicing. The conditional knockout of BCAS2 expression in the forebrain (BCAS2 cKO) of mice confers impaired learning and memory along with decreased β-catenin expression. Because β-catenin reportedly regulates adult neurogenesis, we wondered whether BCAS2 could regulate adult neurogenesis via β-catenin.
Methods
BCAS2 regulating neurogenesis was investigated by characterizing BCAS2 cKO mice. Also, lentivirus-shBCAS2 was intracranially injected into the hippocampus of wild-type mice to knock down BCAS2 expression. We evaluated the rescue effects of BCAS2 cKO by intracranial injection of adeno-associated virus encoding BCAS2 (AAV-DJ8-BCAS2) and AAV-β-catenin gene therapy.
Results
To show that BCAS2-regulating adult neurogenesis via β-catenin, first, BCAS2 cKO mice showed low SRY-box 2–positive (Sox2+) neural stem cell proliferation and doublecortin-positive (DCX+) immature neurons. Second, stereotaxic intracranial injection of lentivirus-shBCAS2 knocked down BCAS2 in the hippocampus of wild-type mice, and we confirmed the BCAS2 regulation of adult neurogenesis via β-catenin. Third, AAV-DJ8-BCAS2 gene therapy in BCAS2 cKO mice reversed the low proliferation of Sox2+ neural stem cells and the decreased number of DCX+ immature neurons with increased β-catenin expression. Moreover, AAV-β-catenin gene therapy restored neuron stem cell proliferation and immature neuron differentiation, which further supports BCAS2 regulating adult neurogenesis via β-catenin. In addition, cells targeted by AAV-DJ8 injection into the hippocampus included Sox2 and DCX immature neurons, interneurons, and astrocytes. BCAS2 may regulate adult neurogenesis by targeting Sox2+ and DCX+ immature neurons for autocrine effects and interneurons or astrocytes for paracrine effects.
Conclusions
BCAS2 can regulate adult neurogenesis in mice via β-catenin.
A review of the progress in Chinese Sponge City programme: challenges and opportunities for urban stormwater management
Authors: Li Feiran , Zhang Jianfeng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUrbanization has been the main driving force for China's economic growth in recent years; however, the highly concentrated urbanized lifestyle has brought many environmental problems to residents, the most urgent of which is urban stormwater management. Some countries have proposed plans for urban stormwater management, such as Low Impact Development (LID), Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD), and Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS). As a country with relatively underdeveloped urban stormwater management, China's government proposed an ambitious urban stormwater management plan in 2014, called the Sponge City Programme, which means that a city is designed to act like a sponge, with good ‘resilience’ in adapting to environmental changes and coping with natural disasters. As of 2021, this programme has led to SCP projects in 30 pilot districts all over China, the Sponge City Programme construction impacts both urban development and residents' lives. However, there are risks and challenges associated with these projects. Using government research documents as a framework, this paper carefully reviews the progress of the Sponge City Programme in recent years and shows the main challenges faced by the Sponge City Programme in terms of connotation, investment, and technology. On this basis, the paper puts forward practical suggestions for the development of the Sponge City Programme and details potential opportunities of new technology, ideology, planning, and flexible investment.
Immersive Virtual Reality Exergames for Persons Living With Dementia: User-Centered Design Study as a Multistakeholder Team During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Muñoz John , Mehrabi Samira , Li Yirou , Basharat Aysha , Middleton Laura E , Cao Shi , Barnett-Cowan Michael , Boger Jennifer 
Published: September 2021

Background
Advancements in supporting personalized health care and well-being using virtual reality (VR) have created opportunities to use immersive games to support a healthy lifestyle for persons living with dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Collaboratively designing exercise video games (exergames) as a multistakeholder team is fundamental to creating games that are attractive, effective, and accessible.

Objective
This research extensively explores the use of human-centered design methods that involve persons living with dementia in long-term care facilitates, exercise professionals, content developers, game designers, and researchers in the creation of VR exergames targeting physical activity promotion for persons living with dementia/MCI.

Methods
Conceptualization, collaborative design, and playtesting activities were carried out to design VR exergames to engage persons living with dementia in exercises to promote upper limb flexibility, strength, and aerobic endurance. We involved a total of 7 persons living with dementia/MCI, 5 exercise professionals, 5 community-dwelling older adults, a VR company for content creation, and a multidisciplinary research team with game designers, engineers, and kinesiology experts.

Results
An immersive VR exergame called Seas the Day was jointly designed and developed and it is freely available to be played in state-of-the-art VR headsets (Oculus Quest 1, 2). A model for the triadic interaction (health care institution, industry partner, academia) is also presented to illustrate how different stakeholders contribute to the design of VR exergames that consider/complement complex needs, preferences, and motivators of an underrepresented group of end users.

Conclusions
This study provides evidence that a collaborative multistakeholder design results in more tailored and context-aware VR games for persons living with dementia. The insights and lessons learned from this research can be used by others to co-design games, including remote engagement techniques that were used during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Soft Actuators and Robotic Devices for Rehabilitation and Assistance
Authors: Pan Min , Yuan Chenggang , Liang Xianrong , Dong Tianyun , Liu Tao , Zhang Junhui , Zou Jun , Yang Huayong , Bowen Chris 
Published: September 2021

Soft actuators and robotic devices have been increasingly applied to the
field of rehabilitation and assistance, where safe human and machine
interaction is of particular importance. Compared with their widely used
rigid counterparts, soft actuators and robotic devices can provide a
range of significant advantages; these include safe interaction, a range
of complex motions, ease of fabrication and resilience to a variety of
environments. In recent decades, significant effort has been invested in
the development of soft rehabilitation and assistive devices for
improving a range of medical treatments and quality of life. This review
provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art in soft actuators
and robotic devices for rehabilitation and assistance, in particular
systems that achieve actuation by pneumatic and hydraulic fluid-power,
electrical motors, chemical reactions and soft active materials such as
dielectric elastomers, shape memory alloys, magnetoactive elastomers,
liquid crystal elastomers and piezoelectric materials. Current research
on soft rehabilitation and assistive devices is in its infancy, and new
device designs and control strategies for improved performance and safe
human-machine interaction are identified as particularly untapped areas
of research. Finally, insights into future research directions are
outlined.

Corresponding author(s) Email:
mp351@bath.ac.uk, liutao@zju.edu.cn