bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stabilization Device for a Rigid Disc Excited by Friction
Authors: Miyasato Hugo Heidy , Segala Simionatto Vinícius Gabriel , Dias Milton 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Models for rotating rigid discs excited by contact elements have been developed for the study of break noise and vibration. More recently, models for clutch squeal/eek noise have been developed as well. Such phenomenological representations, even though simple, are of great help for designers given that many physical features can be included, such as the circulatory and gyroscopic effects. Instability or self-excited vibrations are represented by wobbling motions. In this study, a device is included as a disc connected to the primary system by a set of spring and damping elements. A complex coordinate notation was helpful to make a concise physical description of the in-phase and out-of-phase wobbling motions between the bodies. If its properties are properly adjusted, all modes interact (indicating veering or crossings between the eigenvalue loci), and the system is stabilized.
Investigation on the Rotational Dynamics of a Timing Belt Drive Including an Oval Driving Pulley
Authors: Passos Sébastien , Manin Lionel , Remond Didier , Sauvage Olivier , Rota Laurent , Besnier Etienne 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Recent developments in timing belt drive for the automotive engine have seen the use of non-circular pulleys. This study presents an experimental and numerical investigation on this type of transmission including an oval pulley. A specific test rig has been designed to enable the identification of the proper effect of an oval pulley on the transmission dynamics. The belt tensions, the speeds, and torques of the driving and driven pulleys were measured and analyzed for three different transmission configurations: (1) circular driving pulley and oval driving pulley without (2) and/or with (3) load torque applied. Analyses were carried out in the time and frequency domains by considering the driving pulley rotation angle as a reference. In parallel a numerical model has been developed, it accounts for the specific motions of the belt seating/unseating points on the oval pulley and its neighboring pulleys. The model considers the variation of lengths for the belt spans adjacent to the oval pulley. This induces variable longitudinal stiffness and influences the transmission dynamics that is predicted versus time and compared with experiments. The phasing angle of the oval driving pulley was adjustable in order to study its influence. With no resistant torque applied, it was found that, for low-speeds, the oval pulley has a pure kinematic effect on the transmission dynamics. When a load torque is applied, the effectiveness of the oval pulley regarding the belt tensions and transmission error fluctuations is verified experimentally for some specific intervals of the phasing angle.
SINFONIA: An Open Feature-Based Design Module
Authors: Ovtcharova J. , Haßinger S. , Vieira A. S. , Jasnoch U. , Rix J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Sinfonia is a module for feature-based design which is configurable to users and applications within diverse CAD environments, particularly in the area of mechanical engineering. Sinfonia has an open and modular architecture that allows to modify and extend existing functionalities, and to integrate new modeling facilities and application tasks. This module enables the users to work with standard pre-defined design features delivered with the module, or to define dynamically their own specific design features during the design session. Furthermore, Sinfonia allows the interactive definition of constraints concerning the product semantics. Definition and administration of constraints in feature-based models provided by a consistency manager is supported to reach semantical correctness of the part models.
The main modules of Sinfonia are the Feature Modeler and the Design Feature Manager. The Feature Modeler is responsible for the instantiation of features and the creation of the feature-based model. The Design Feature Manager allows feature data and design processes to be managed in a uniform way. The CAD system environment in which Sinfonia is integrated consists of the following modules: the User Interface System and the Application modules (offering tools for interaction of the user with application specific part models and for communication with external systems and applications, such as NC modules, etc.), the Solid Modeler (responsible for creating the shape representation of the feature-based model), the Consistency Manager (providing services to handle all kinds of different constraints within the design environment) and the Product Database which includes all services for storing and retrieving various product data.
Compatibility Analysis of Product Design for Recyclability and Reuse
Authors: Di Marco Patrick , Eubanks Charles F. , Ishii Kos 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper describes a method for evaluating the compatibility of a product design with respect to end-of-life product retirement issues, particularly recyclability. Designers can affect the ease of recycling in two major areas: 1) ease of disassembly, and 2) material selection for compatibility with recycling methods. The proposed method, called “clumping,” involves specification of the level of disassembly and the compatibility analysis of each remaining clump with the design’s post-life intent; i.e., reuse, remanufacturing, recycling, or disposal. The method uses qualitative knowledge to assign a normalized measure of compatibility to each clump. An empirical cost function maps the measure to an estimated cost to reprocess the product. The method is an integral part of our life-cycle design computer tool that effectively guides engineers to an environmentally responsible product design. A refrigerator in-door ice dispenser serves as an illustrative example.
Using Features to Support Finite Element Idealizations
Authors: Dabke Padmanabh , Prabhakar Vallury , Sheppard Sheri 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper describes how feature-based techniques can be used in a knowledge-based system to support finite element idealizations. Any system of this kind must have two important features. First, it must capture the experiential and heuristic knowledge used by expert analysts in making idealization decisions. Second, the system must be able to perform spatial reasoning about the finite element model being analyzed.
The first requirement led us to incorporate knowledge-based reasoning in the idealization systems. We chose the formalism of “features” to capture the spatial reasoning because expert analysts often describe the idealization process in terms of removing / modifying features (such as holes, slots, notches, etc.) and their spatial properties.
Feature Based Description of Modular Fixturing Elements: The Key to an Expert System for the Automatic Design of the Physical Fixture
Authors: Perremans P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper reports on the development of an expert system for the design of the physical fixture for the fixturing of prismatic parts on machining centers. A brief description of the Brite project 3480 IDEFIX in which the system was developed is given. With as input the faces on which positioning, clamping and/or supporting should be done the expert system generates the needed assembly of modular fixturing elements (i.e. the physical fixture). New in the approach is the description of modular elements by means of form features. This method permits the description of an arbitrary modular fixturing system (with the only restriction that it has to be based on a grid of holes) and the use of the same logic to determine the assembly of modular elements.
Development of an Optimization Method for Determination of Process Sequences Considering Prismatic Workpieces
Authors: Taiber Joachim G. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In the field of process planning most of the working time is spent for the following activities:
machine tool and tool assignment
determination of the set-up and process sequence
definition of tool paths
optimization of cutting parameters
The quality how these activities are done influence substantially manufacturing cost that are to be minimized.
The more complex a planning task is the more difficult it is for the planner to work out an optimal solution within reasonable time.
In this article it will be discussed how process planning of prismatic workpieces considering drilling and milling machining can be optimized by computer assistance.
Hierarchical Production Planning for Complex Manufacturing Systems
Authors: Mehra Anshu , Minis Ioannis , Proth Jean M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A hierarchical approach to production planning for complex manufacturing systems is presented. A single facility comprising a number of work-centers that produce multiple part types is considered. The planning horizon includes a sequence of time periods, and the demand for all part types is assumed to be known. The production planning problem consists of minimizing the holding costs for all part types as well as the work-in-process, and backlogging cost for the end items. We present a two-level hierarchy that is based on aggregating parts to part families, work-centers to manufacturing cells and time periods to aggregate time periods. The solution at the aggregate level is imposed as a constraint to the detailed level problem which employs a decomposition based on manufacturing cells. This architecture uses a rolling horizon strategy to perform the production management function. We have employed perturbation analysis techniques to adjust certain parameters of the optimization problems at the detailed level to reach a near-optimal detailed production plan.
Application of a Bayesian Network to Integrated Circuit Tester Diagnosis
Authors: Mittelstadt Daniel , Paasch Robert , D'Ambrosio Bruce 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We describe research efforts to implement a Bayesian belief network based expert system to solve a real-world diagnostic problem — the diagnosis of integrated circuit (IC) testing machines. We describe the development of several models of the IC tester diagnostic problem in belief networks, the implementation of one of these models using Symbolic Probabilistic Inference (SPI), and discuss the difficulties and advantages encountered in the process.
We observe that modelling with interdependencies in belief networks simplified the knowledge engineering task for the IC tester diagnosis problem, by avoiding procedural knowledge and focusing on diagnostic component’s interdependencies. Several general model frameworks evolved through knowledge engineering to capture diagnostic expertise that facilitated expanding and modifying the networks. However, model implementation was restricted to a small portion of the modelling, contact resistance failures, because evaluation of the probability distributions could not be made fast enough to expand to a complete model with real-time diagnosis. Further research is recommended to create new methods, or refine existing methods, to speed evaluation of the models created in this research. With this accomplished, a more complete diagnosis can be achieved.
Analysis of Linear Nonconservative Vibrations
Authors: Ma Fai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The coefficients of a linear nonconservative system are arbitrary matrices lacking the usual properties of symmetry and definiteness. Classical modal analysis is extended in this paper so as to apply to linear nonconservative systems. The extension utilizes equivalence transformations and does not require conversion of the equations of motion to first-order forms. Compared with the state-space approach, the extended modal analysis can offer substantial reduction in computational effort and ample physical insight. Many numerical techniques, for example the collocation method, involve discretized equations resembling those of linear nonconservative vibrations. These numerical techniques can be greatly streamlined if the method of equivalence transformations is incorporated.
Banded Doolittle’s Method for the Solutions of Large Systems of Equations
Authors: Bagci Cemil 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Doolittle’s method is a much simplified form of Cholesky’s method for solving systems of linear simultaneous equations without inverting the coefficient matrix. In Cholesky’s method the coefficient matrix must be symmetric, the two conjugate triangular matrices must be transposes of each other, and the solution process involves square roots of sums. In Doolittle’s method the coefficient matrix need not be symmetric and there is no constrained relationship between the two conjugate matrices. In this article, Doolittle’s method is used to formulate the banded matrix solution of linear sets of equations of form [A]{X} = {B}, where [A] is symmetric. Such systems of equations occur for many engineering problems, especially for structural finite element formulations where [A] corresponds to the stiffness matrix. In the banded form of [A] the non-zero diagonal rays of one-half of [A] is formed in column form such that [A] is replaced with two conjugate matrices in column forms. The system of equations can then be solved for {X} without inverting [A]. In this paper generalized expressions for the elements of the conjugate matrices, an intermediate unknown parameter matrix, and the {X} matrix are provided for use in programming the method. A curved beam stress analysis is presented to illustrate that the computation time required by the banded Doolittle method is many times less than that of methods such as the regular Doolittle method, the matrix inversion method (using Gauss-Jordan row transformations), Gauss elimination methods, and the banded Cholesky method. Hence, an efficient and less costly process for solving large size engineering systems is offered. A tested FORTRAN program using the banded Doolittle’s method in a subroutine is given in the Appendix.
Numerical Solution to the Radial Sink Flow Between Two Disks
Authors: Vatistas Georgios H. , Ghila Abdurazag , Zitouni Gley 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A numerical solution to the sink flow between two disks is presented. The numerically predicted pressure is shown to correlate well with the experiment. By comparison to the previous results of the linearized theory, the axial distribution of the radial velocity has been found to be lower at the mid-plane and larger near the disk wall.
Boundary Layers on a Rotating Rough Disk
Authors: Heydari Ali , Miryan Ramin , Sharifi Saeid 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper the turbulent fluid flow over a rotating disk with roughness is considered. The disk is assumed to be at uniform wall temperature. The surface roughness is assumed to influence the turbulent boundary layer by adding a roughness parameter height k. Boundary-layer approximation reduces the elliptic Navier-Stockes equations to parabolic equations, where the Keller-Cebeci method of finite-difference solution is used to solve the resulting system of partial-differential equations. The resulting curve-fit equations to the numerically calculated results for three regions of laminar, transition and turbulent flow is shown to be consistent to those obtained for flow over a flat plate or inside a circular cylinder. Calculations for various surface roughness parameters are made and results are presented.
Detailed Transportation Simulation for Improved Logistics Quality
Authors: Petersen Harry C. , Rummel Amy 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper demonstrates the advantages of logistics studies which include detailed transportation simulations based on mechanical engineering principles. Complex transportation system parameters are often averaged, aggregated, or assumed, resulting in models with questionable validity. Detailed simulations of route-specific real-world vehicle performance for analysis systems (such as Transport Probability Analysis) can often provide more accurate predictors of logistics system performance, resulting in valid projections of system transport times, costs, inventory levels, energy usage, standards, and quality control measures. A discussion of logistics is followed by examples of progressively complex logistics transportation simulations and models. Results of a moderately detailed performance-based simulation of high speed trains for the Texas Triangle are used to demonstrate the fallacy of assuming “average” performance measures. Future logistics studies will require detailed vehicle performance simulations using sound mechanical engineering practice, requiring interdisciplinary teams which include mechanical engineers.
On Development of Engineering Animation Software
Authors: Pao Y. C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A collection of demonstration programs for animation of engineering problems, ranging from the simple stretching of a rubber band to the cam rotary motion of a wankel engine, are discussed. Fundamental concept of animation using a microcomputer and a display monitor is explained through application of the extended ASCII codes and the BASIC commands ASC, BLOAD, BSAVE, CHR$, DEF FN, DEF SEG, GET, INKEY$, LEN, LINE, PAINT, PSET, PUT, RIGHT$, and SCREEN, and the QuickBASIC commands VARPTR and VARSEG. Menu arrangement of 14 animation programs for interactive selection is also illustrated as another example of employing these codes and commands.
A Study of Creative Design Based on the Axiomatic Design Theory
Authors: Sekimoto Shinya , Ukai Makoto 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper deals with creative processes in engineering design. The study is based on the axiomatic design theory (Suh, 1988, 1990). The creative processes involved in engineering design are not yet fully understood. However, it is an exciting theme to study how human designers can generate designs or design concepts that are superior to those currently possible in terms of performance, manufacturability, reliability, cost, etc. This paper first reviews the axiomatic design theory. Then, the creative processes in three different design steps are discussed based on the axiomatic design theory. The creative processes are illustrated using the design of paper handling mechanisms of an ATM (Automatic teller machine).
Complexity Analysis of Computational Engineering Design Processes
Authors: Ahn Jeong-Soo , Crawford Richard H. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
An Important part of engineering design is development of the design process itself. In general, design processes are not unique; many solution processes can be created to solve the same problem. Choosing one from a number of competing design processes requires assessment and comparison of the processes according to well-defined criteria. This paper presents an initial study of complexity analysis as one such criterion. A graphical representation is proposed to provide a model of computational design processes that can be analyzed for complexity. Several software metrics are adapted for analyzing such design processes, and demonstrated with a simple design example. The results illustrate that complexity analysis can be used for differentiating among computational design processes.
Computational Synthesis and Simulation of Dynamic Systems
Authors: Malmqvist Johan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper presents an approach to computational synthesis of dynamic systems. The foundation of the approach is a function vocabulary for energy-transforming systems that is based on the modelling concepts of bond graphs. The function vocabulary extends those described in the literature by including functions prevalent in dynamic systems.
A computational synthesis procedure for dynamic systems, which is based on the developed function vocabulary and “classical” design methodology, and its implementation in a computer program is outlined. The program can also simulate the dynamic behaviour of a proposed design concept. The application of the procedure is demonstrated on an accelerometer design problem.
An Improved Shape Annealing Method for Truss Topology Generation
Authors: Reddy Giridhar , Cagan Jonathan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A method for the design of truss structures which encourages lateral exploration, pushes away from violated spaces, models design intentions, and produces solutions with a wide variety of characteristics is introduced. An improved shape annealing algorithm for truss topology generation and optimization, based on the techniques of shape grammars and simulated annealing, implements the method. The algorithm features a shape grammar to model design intentions, an ability to incorporate geometric constraints to avoid obstacles, and a shape optimization method using only simulated annealing with more consistent convergence characteristics; no traditional gradient-based techniques are employed. The improved algorithm is illustrated on various structural examples generating a variety of solutions based on a simple grammar.
Extending C and FORTRAN for Design Automation
Authors: Cheng Harry H. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The CH programming language, a high-performance C, is designed to be a superset of ANSI C. CH bridges the gap between ANSI C and FORTRAN; it encompasses almost all the programming capabilities of FORTRAN 77 in the current implementation and consists of features of many other programming languages and software packages. Unlike other general-purpose programming languages, CH is designed to be especially suitable for applications in mechanical systems engineering. Because of our research interests, many programming features in CH have been implemented for design automation, although they are useful in other applications as well. In this paper we will describe these new programming features for design automation, as they are currently implemented in CH in comparison with ANSI C and FORTRAN 77.
Heuristics Based Feature Recognition: A Graph Approach
Authors: Narayan Shyam V. , Ling Zhi-Kui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Feature based modeling has been used as a means to bridge the gap between engineering design and manufacturing. Features can represent an artifact with higher level entities which relate directly to its design functionalities and manufacturing characteristics, such as surface finish, manufacturability, fits, tolerance etc. In this study, a heuristic based feature recognition approach is proposed by using the graph representation of a design. The process consists of two steps: subgraph construction, and subgraph to feature identification. In this study, the subgraph construction is accomplished by using a set of heuristic rules. The process of subgraph to feature identification is carried out with a set of integers and characters which represent the geometric, topological, and semantic characteristics of the corresponding feature. This feature recognition scheme is used for the identification of machine features in a design.
Position Registration of Scanning Lasers for Experimental Spatial Dynamics Modeling
Authors: Montgomery David E. , West Robert L. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Experimental spatial dynamics modeling involves using scanning lasers to sample surface shape and dynamic response of structures in order to verify structural dynamics design intent. Formation of accurate spatial models from laser-based measurements requires that laser position and orientation be registered relative to a fixed coordinate system. A three point direct registration procedure is defined for shape modeling using laser range and mirror deflection angles. Surface velocity measurements with a portable laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) also require registration, but range information is unavailable. A multiple point indirect registration algorithm for the LDV is described that involves minimizing three nonlinear equations.
A simulated laser rangefinder (LRF) was developed for demonstrating three point direct registration. The 3-D geometry of a compressor housing was modeled by combining range data from multiple laser positions. The multiple point indirect registration was applied to 3-D velocity response field reconstruction of a composite plate from velocity measurements scanned at three separate positions.