bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Pathogenic Contamination and Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Herbal Medicinal Remedies in Mbarara City, South Western Uganda
Authors: Walker Guti , Musinguzi Benson , Musa Kirya , Mutesi Charity , Zamarano Henry , Manirakiza Godfrey , Muhwezi Ivan , Kassaza Kennedy , Tusingwire Francis , Opendi Charles , Itabangi Herbert 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Herbal formulations in Mbarara have been used in the treatment and management of several disease conditions extensively overtime due to low cost compared to empirical synthetic medicine, however evidenced that they can be contaminated with dangerous pathogenic organisms which are all tailored to handling practices, storage, and other environmental conditions thus, the need to further asses these herbs for safety to the consumers.Materials and methods: Forty-five (45) liquid herbal formulations for the treatment and management of communicable infections were purchased on the open market. All Samples were cultured on plate count agar for colony counts and then subcultured on different laboratory media and then analyzed for antimicrobial activity using the agar diffusion method.Results: Out of the 45 herbal formulations, 32(71.1 %) were contaminated while 13 (28.9 %) were not. Out of the organisms isolated from individual formulations, 19 (59.4 %) had Bacillus subtillis and S. aureus, 4(12.5%) had C. freundi and Proteus mirabilis, 2(6.3%), C.divergens, 1(3.1 %) Rhodotorula, 5(15.6%) Aspergillus spp, had E. cloace. 1 (3.1%) had Klebsiella spp. Of these, 29(87.9%) had contaminants within acceptable limits of less than 103CFU/mL, while 12(36.4%) beyond 103 CFU/m. Out of the 45 formulations, not even one could qualify for pharmaceutical use, all MICs all were >1000mcg/mL64.4%) were active while 16(35.6%) had no activity.Conclusion: Herbal formulations in Mbarara are contaminated with various microbes and have very limited antimicrobial activity, herbalists therefore should be trained on good harvesting, safe handling, storage, and good manufacturing practices of these medicinal raw materials and their products, responsible authorities should enact policies and regulations to guide the herbalists and protect the public from adverse effects of consuming these unverified herbal medicinal remedies.
Traffic flow prediction method based on bidirectional linear recurrent neural network
Authors: Xu Ruizhi , Shen Zhou 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In order to improve the rationality and effectiveness of intelligent traffic control and management on urban roads, a bidirectional linear recurrent neural network-based traffic flow prediction method is proposed from the perspective of spatial and temporal characteristics of traffic flow. The method effectively combines the characteristics of fast and accurate bilinear polynomial solution and dynamic calibration of recurrent neural network, and adopts particle swarm algorithm to realize the dynamic pruning process of redundant neurons and weights, which improves the convergence speed and prediction accuracy of the algorithm. The algorithm is trained and experimented with video data, and a comparative analysis is conducted. The results show that the method can achieve accurate prediction of road traffic flow, the traffic flow prediction accuracy reaches more than 90%, meeting the data accuracy requirements of actual traffic management and control, and the convergence speed of the algorithm has also been significantly improved.
From positive to negative: a time to event analysis during the first COVID 19 epidemic period
Authors: Castillo Gabriele Del , Castaldi Silvana , Marano Giuseppe , Castrofino Ambra , Grosso Francesca , Boracchi Patrizia , Biganzoli Elia , Cereda Danilo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe ability to identify the positive subjects is crucial for public health practice to reduce transmission and supporting contact tracing and isolation. The reliability of the criteria of the test-based criteria as the required condition for the reintroduction of the asymptomatic and positive patients of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the community was evaluated assessing the time span from positive to negative for RNA detection by Real Time – Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Methods. We used information concerning negative conversion time and the respective times. Cumulative probabilities of negative conversion time during the follow-up were evaluated by Crude Cumulative Incidences (CCIs). Non-parametric estimates of CCIs and respective 95% C.I.s were obtained.Results. We report the results for 52,186 individuals. 33486 subjects resulted negative or potentially negative with a CCI of 75.2% at 70 days from the first swab (95% CI: 74.8% to 75.7%). 11,000 subjects deceased before 14/05/2020 without diagnosis of negative status (CCI 21.9%; 95% CI: 21.5% to 22.3%), at 56 days from the first swab (maximum observed time to death).Conclusions. SARS-CoV-2 positivity is a condition that frequently lasts more than 30 days. More solid studies are required to determinate the significance of a prolonged state of positivity and the consequences on the policies of dismission of quarantine and isolation.
Adropin expression correlates with aging-related neuropathology in the human brain and improves neuroinflammation and cognitive function in aging mice
Authors: Banerjee Subhashis , Ghoshal Sarbani , Girardet Clemence , DeMars Kelly M. , Yang Changjun , Niehoff Michael L. , Nguyen Andrew D. , Jayanth Prerana , Hoelscher Brittany A. , Xu Fenglian , Banks William A. , Hansen Kim M. , Zhang Jinsong , Candelario-Jalil Eduardo , Farr Susan A. , Butler Andrew A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The neural functions of adropin, a secreted peptide highly expressed in the brain, have not been investigated. In humans, adropin is highly expressed in astrocytes and peaks during critical postnatal periods of brain development. Gene enrichment analysis of transcripts correlating with adropin expression suggests processes relevance to aging-related neurodegenerative diseases that vary with age and dementia state, possibly indicating survivor bias. In people aged <40y and ‘oldold’ (>75y) diagnosed with dementia, adropin correlates positively with genes involved in mitochondrial processes. In the ‘old-old’ without dementia adropin expression correlates positively with morphogenesis and synapse function. Potent neurotrophic responses in primary cultured neurons are consistent with adropin supporting the development and function of neural networks. Adropin expression in the ‘old-old’ also correlates positively with protein markers of tau-related neuropathologies and inflammation, particularly in those without dementia. How variation in brain adropin expression affects neurological aging was investigated using old (18- month) C57BL/6J mice. In mice adropin is expressed in neurons, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, oligodendrocytes, and microglia and shows correlative relationships with groups of genes involved in neurodegeneration and cellular metabolism. Increasing adropin expression using transgenesis improved spatial learning and memory, novel object recognition, resilience to exposure to new environments, and reduced mRNA markers of inflammation in old mice. Treatment with synthetic adropin peptide also reversed age-related declines of cognitive functions and affected expression of genes involved in morphogenesis and cellular metabolism. Collectively, these results establish a link between adropin expression and neural energy metabolism and indicate a potential novel therapy against neurological aging.
The impact of chemical nematicides on entomopathogenic nematode survival and infectivity
Authors: Touray Mustapha , Cimen Harun , Gulsen Sebnem H. , Ulug Derya , Erdogus Dolunay , Shapiro-Ilan David , Hazir Selcuk 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) belonging to the genera, Steinernema and Heterorhabditis, occur naturally in the soil along with plant-parasitic nematodes which are important root pests of many different crops. Here, we report the effects of four registered nematicidal compounds (fluopyram, fosthiazate, metam potassium, and fenamiphos) that are used for the control of PPNs on the survival, virulence, penetration efficiency, and reproduction of S. carpocapsae and H. bacteriophora. Despite previous studies warning of the impact of nematicidal compounds on IJ survival and infectivity, none have assessed their impact on EPN chemotaxis, penetration into and reproduction in insect host or conducted longer term soil assays. Survival of EPNs, based on observing IJ movement under a stereomicroscope after incubation in different concentrations of nematicides, showed that ≥ 80% of both nematode species were killed by fosthiazate, fenamiphos and metam potassium within 24 h. The recommended concentration of fluopyram killed 33% of H. bacteriophora, and 28% of S. carpocapsae after 48 h exposure. IJs exposed to the nematicides were less virulent against Galleria mellonella larvae in sand bioassay to non-treated IJs as significantly more control IJs of both EPN species penetrated their insect host (~47% of IJs added) than IJs exposed to fluopyram and fosthiazate; and the number of IJ progeny emerging from these controls was significantly higher than the number of IJ progeny emerging from IJs treated with the nematicidal compounds. In a highly novel discovery, the chemotaxis experiments using Pluronic F-127 gel indicated that H. bacteriophora were repelled from nematicide-treated environments. Moreover, IJs of both species added to treated natural loamy-clay soil at 5-day-intervals for 30 days post application of nematicides were generally unable to induce G. mellonella mortality, except for S. carpocapsae IJs added to fosthiazate-treated soil. Overall, our study indicates that there were detrimental effects of the nematicides on EPN IJs in treated soil. Therefore, overlap in timing for control of PPNs and the use of EPNs for biological insect control must be avoided. Future studies should assess the optimization of timing for nematicides use and survival and infectivity of IJs in the soil.
AUXÍLIO-RECLUSÃO: ANÁLISE DO BENEFÍCIO PREVIDENCIÁRIO
Authors: Guillen Hurtado Antonio Paulo , Guerreiro Carollyne Pereira da Costa , Bonfim Cláudia Ramos de Souza 
Published: June 2021

O auxílio-reclusão é devido aos familiares dependentes do segurado da Previdência Social que se encontrar preso em regime fechado. Para receber o benefício o segurado necessita estar contribuindo com o INSS há pelo menos 24 meses e cumprir também outros requisitos, o que torna o benefício inacessível para muitos segurados, fazendo com que apenas pouco mais de 8% da população carcerária consiga recebê-lo. Este estudo é de abordagem qualitativa e caráter bibliográfico-jurídico-teórica. Fundamenta-se especialmente na Lei nº. 8.213/91 que dispõe sobre os planos de benefícios da Previdência Social. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a legislação previdenciária, mais precisamente no que tange à Lei n.º 8.213/91, demonstrando seus impactos na sociedade brasileira e as últimas alterações legislativas, assim como descrever a relevância do auxílio-reclusão por meio um levantamento dos valores que são pagos, e, apresentar as mudanças legislativas que aconteceram ao longo dos anos. Questiona-se qual a importância social do auxílio-reclusão para a sociedade brasileira? Considera-se ao final, que esse benefício é necessário para que muitas famílias não fiquem desamparadas, permitindo que o princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana e o princípio da individualização da pena sejam respeitados conforme previsto em na Constituição Federal de 1988.
RECENTES POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS DE AUTOCOMPOSIÇÃO DE CONFLITOS E A (IN) COMPATÍVEL FORMAÇÃO DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE DIREITO
Authors: Stangherlin Camila , Spengler Fabiana Marion 
Published: June 2021

Nos últimos anos, o Brasil instituiu uma política pública voltada à efetivação do direito de acesso à justiça por meio de mecanismos autocompositivos, o que fora alicerçado na edição de normas resolutivas. Nesse aspecto, os cursos de Direito receberam orientações para um ajustamento em conformidade com essas implementações. A presente pesquisa objetiva compreender o panorama atual de formação básica de profissionais de Direito, essencialmente, no que concerne sua preparação para as práticas de resolução de conflitos pautadas em autonomia, diálogo e consensualidade entre os envolvidos. O método de abordagem é o dedutivo e o levantamento de dados se deu por fontes primárias e fontes secundárias (pesquisa documental e pesquisa bibliográfica). O problema que move o trabalho questiona: as diretrizes da formação jurídica fundamental encontram-se alinhadas às disposições presentes nas resoluções que contemplam as atividades autocompositivas? A conclusão aponta para uma formação ainda incipiente naquilo que se refere ao estudo e à capacitação para formas consensuais de resolução de conflitos.
Implementation Of Electronic Money In Developing Payment Transactions Through Islamic Economic Perspective
Authors: Toyyibi Abdul Majid 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurpose - By upholding the value of sharia principles economic activities. Electronic money is a financial transaction that is used by the community as a substitute for cash, and ottopay is part of it, to help become a financial intermediary with an electronic system through QR and billers.Method - The research is based on researching ottopay in its transactions by using a descriptive qualitative.Result - From the research method process used in the study resulted in the study that the implementation of ottopay in topping up by filling directly via the bank ATM or through an agent by clicking the wallet menu then top up and following the steps until the confirmation is successful and the balance is ready whenever it can be used.Implication - The existence of the Ottopay system is a support for the community to be able to think forward in the world of finance and technology, in addition, ottopay can be used as a business opportunity to provide benefits in the form of added value in the form of turnover that can be owned by merchants and can be used as additional income for the community. Originality - The implementation of ottopay between users and publishers and users and merchants is in accordance with the rules of the DSN MUI fatwa, therefore the benefits of the ottopay application can guarantee security, easy and practical use so that people's economic turnaround is faster because it has an electronic digital system.
Intervenciones psicológicas en cuidadores primarios de pacientes con trasplante de células hematopoyéticas: Revisión descriptiva
Authors: Brenes-Mesa L. , Valero-Saldaña L.M. , Acosta-Maldonado B. , Rodríguez-Aguilar M.R. , Aguilar-Ponce J.L. , Rivera-Fong L. 
Published: June 2021

Introducción: El ser cuidador primario informal de un paciente con indicación médica de trasplante de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas puede tener consecuencias negativas en su salud mental y calidad de vida.
Objetivo: Describir las intervenciones psicológicas disponibles para el cuidador primario de pacientes sometidos a trasplante de células hematopoyéticas.
Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda sistematizada de los últimos 10 años con los términos MeSH: psychotherapy AND caregive AND stem cell transplantation en las principales bases de datos médicas y de psicología, para su análisis se empleó la estrategia: Problema, Intervención, Comparación y Outcomes (PICO).
Resultados: Se identificaron 122 artículos, de ellos diez cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Las intervenciones provenían de profesionales de enfermería o trabajo social; el 50% incluyó diadas (paciente y cuidador primario), mostraron una tendencia de duración corta, enfocada al periodo posterior al trasplante. Se basan en el entrenamiento en solución de problemas, manejo de estrés, atención plena y expresión emocional. Las intervenciones lograron la disminución de la depresión, ansiedad y estrés en el cuidador; pero no alcanzaron permanencia en la significancia estadística de dichos restablecimientos.
Discusión: De acuerdo con lo observado en las publicaciones y por su impacto positivo en la salud mental, se recomienda la implementación de intervenciones psicológicas en cuidadores de pacientes con trasplante de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas.
Conclusión: El apoyo psicológico brindado al cuidador generalmente es de profesionales de la salud que no pertenecen al área de la psicología, con resultados clínicos favorables en las etapas más críticas de su estado mental.
Efecto de tratamiento con plasma frío en puré de jaca: descontaminación de esporas de Aspergillus niger y atributos de calidad
Authors: Casas-Junco Paloma Patricia , Solís-Pacheco Josué Raymundo , Ragazzo-Sánchez Juan Arturo , Aguilar-Uscanga Blanca Rosa , Calderón-Santoyo Montserrat 
Published: June 2021

El puré de jaca se contaminó artificialmente con esporas de Aspergillus niger para tratarlo con plasma frío (30 W, 1.5 L / min de Helio, en un lapso de 0 a 16 min, posteriormente las muestras se almacenaron a 25 ºC durante 60 días en los que no hubo crecimiento, ni cambios en los sólidos solubles totales, color o aw,sin diferencias significativas en los perfiles aromáticos y tampoco en las muestras no tratadas, en el pH y la acidez total los cambios fueron mínimos. Se logró una reducción de 4 log (UFC / g) en las esporas de Aspergillus niger, coliformes y bacterias mesófilas aerobias después de 8 min de tratamiento a 30 W y 850 V con gas Helio. No se observó alteración en las propiedades sensoriales del puré de jaca tratado. El plasma atmosférico frío es una tecnología no térmica prometedora para su uso en productos de frutas procesadas.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN HUKUM DOKTER PROGRAM INTERNSIP DALAM PELAYANAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP PASIEN
Authors: Irwanto Ade , Razy Fakhruddin 
Published: June 2021

. Suppose there is a problem related to the loss incurred to the patient when the doctor of the Internship program does not meet the established educational standards. In that case, health services will be exposed to a greater risk of civil liability if they ignore internal arrangements related to internal physicians. The risk of joint civil litigation will be very burdensome for interns and hospitals if hospital leaders issue wrong clinical assignments. Hospitals need to be aware that material and substance cannot be compared between hospitals and hospitals. Each hospital should ask their medical committee to arrange bylaws related to implementing the profession of interns in their respective hospitals. The approach used in this study is the method of the Legislative Approach (Statue Uproach), Conceptual Approach, and Sociological Approaches. By law anyone who causes or incurs a loss to another person is required to account for any such loss. Likewise, doctors, as health workers who have provided health services (medical measures) to patients, if the doctor incurs losses with these services, are obliged to provide accountability. The responsibility of doctors who commit malpractice can be punched in 3 (three) aspects: civil, criminal, and administrative matters.
The Effect of Mindful Learning on Students’ Writing Competency
Authors: Julio Saputra Made , Piscayanti Kadek Sonia , Agustini Dewa Ayu Eka 
Published: June 2021

In developing students’ writing competency, teacher’s strategy and engagement in writing process is very crucial. The strategy of teaching writing should not only focus on language aspects but also should help the students in developing their critical thinking and problem solving skill. The current study investigated the effect of midful learning on students’ writing comptency. This study was an experiment study with posttest only control group design. 71 EFL students were involved in this study. In collecting the data,this study used writing competency test and rubric for assessing. The collected data were analzyed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result of descprtive statistics showed that the mean score of writing competency of experiment group (82.25) was higher than the control group (78.67). A significant mean difference is identified from the result of t test (Sig. .005.) The result of effect size test showed a medium effec (.68) t. Thus, it can be concluded that mindful learning significantly affects students’ writing competency. Discussions and suggestions are further presented.
Adversity Quotient (AQ) Ditinjau dari Jenis Kelamin Siswa Kelas VI SD
Authors: Siska Sri Agustina Putu Nanik , Suniasih Ni Wayan 
Published: June 2021

Perbedaan yang dimiliki oleh siswa laki-laki dan perempuan menyebabkan dalam menghadapi suatu permasalahan pembelajaran memiliki cara berbeda-beda. Pembelajaran yang sulit disekolah sering membuat siswa putus asa dan mudah menyerah. Hal ini dikarenakan masih rendahnya ketahanan siswa dalam menghadapi suatu permasalahan dalam pembelajaran. Ketahanan seseorang dalam menghadapi permasalahan dikenal dengan Adversity Quotient (AQ). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan yang signifikan AQ antara siswa laki-laki dan perempuan sebagai informasi yang berkaitan dengan ketahanan yang dimiliki oleh masing-masing siswa dalam menghadapi suatu permasalahan dalam proses pembelajaran. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ex post facto jenis kausal komparatif dengan metode pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui angket tertutup. Sebelum data dianalisis dilakukan uji normalitas menggunakan chi kuadrat dan uji homogenitas menggunakan uji fisher sebagai prasyarat dilakukan analisis uji-t. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan analisis uji-t diperoleh t hitung = 2,41 pada taraf signifikan 5% dan (db) 55 + 55 – 2 = 108 diperoleh t tabel = 1,98. Sehingga nilai t hitung = 2,41 > t tabel = 1,98, dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa AQ yang dimiliki siswa laki-laki dan perempuan berbeda secara signifikan dan terimplikasi sebagai tambahan informasi mengenai pengembangan AQ untuk siswa sehingga membantu memberikan dampak positif terhadap hasil belajar siswa di sekolah.
Meta Analisis Effect Size Pengaruh Bahan Ajar IPA dan Fisika Berbasis STEM Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Izzah Nurul , Asrizal Asrizal , Festiyed Festiyed 
Published: June 2021

Pembelajaran abad-21 menuntut guru untuk mengarahkan siswanya agar memiliki kreativitas dalam mengelola permasalahan sehari-hari. Salah satu metode yang tepat digunakan adalah dengan menerapkan STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics). Untuk menunjang keberhasilan integrasi prinsip-prinsip disiplin ilmu STEM, khususnya pada pembelajaran IPA dan Fisika maka diperlukan suatu bahan ajar. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh bahan ajar berbasis STEM dalam pembelajaran IPA dan Fisika terhadap hasil belajar siswa yang ditentukan melalui Effect Size (ES). Data penelitian diperoleh dari 20 jurnal nasional dan internasional. Analisis didasarkan pada kategori jenjang pendidikan, jenis bahan ajar serta besarnya pengaruh terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa bahan ajar berbasis STEM akan lebih efektif jika dilakukan pada jenjang SMA dengan jenis bahan ajar buku. Hasil perhitungan juga diperoleh bahwa penggunaan bahan ajar berbasis STEM efektif dalam ketiga ranah hasil belajar, yaitu pengetahuan, keterampilan dan sikap.