bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorescence grid analysis for the evaluation of piecemeal surgery in sinonasal inverted papilloma: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Vonk J , Voskuil FJ , de Wit JG , Heeman WT , Nagengast WB , van Dam GM , Feijen RA , Korsten-Meijer AGW , van der Vegt B , Witjes MJH 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Purpose
Local recurrence occurs in ~ 19% of sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP) surgeries and is strongly associated with incomplete resection. During surgery, it is technically challenging to visualize and resect all SNIP tissue in this anatomically complex area. Proteins that are overexpressed in SNIP, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), may serve as a target for fluorescence molecular imaging to guide surgical removal of SNIP. A proof-of-concept study was performed to investigate if the VEGF-targeted near-infrared fluorescent tracer bevacizumab-800CW specifically localizes in SNIP and whether it could be used as a clinical tool to guide SNIP surgery.

Methods
In five patients diagnosed with SNIP, 10 mg of bevacizumab-800CW was intravenously administered 3 days prior to surgery. Fluorescence molecular imaging was performed in vivo during surgery and ex vivo during the processing of the surgical specimen. Fluorescence signals were correlated with final histopathology and VEGF-A immunohistochemistry. We introduced a fluorescence grid analysis to assess the fluorescence signal in individual tissue fragments, due to the nature of the surgical procedure (i.e., piecemeal resection) allowing the detection of small SNIP residues and location of the tracer ex vivo.

Results
In all patients, fluorescence signal was detected in vivo during endoscopic SNIP surgery. Using ex vivo fluorescence grid analysis, we were able to correlate bevacizumab-800CW fluorescence of individual tissue fragments with final histopathology. Fluorescence grid analysis showed substantial variability in mean fluorescence intensity (FImean), with SNIP tissue showing a median FImean of 77.54 (IQR 50.47–112.30) compared to 35.99 (IQR 21.48–57.81) in uninvolved tissue (p < 0.0001), although the diagnostic ability was limited with an area under the curve of 0.78.

Conclusions
A fluorescence grid analysis could serve as a valid method to evaluate fluorescence molecular imaging in piecemeal surgeries. As such, although substantial differences were observed in fluorescence intensities, VEGF-A may not be the ideal target for SNIP surgery.

Trial registration
NCT03925285.
„ReWaste4.0“ – Abfallwirtschaftliches Kompetenzzentrum am AVAW der Montanuniversität Leoben
Authors: Sarc Renato , Pomberger Roland 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungReWaste4.0 ist ein innovatives und kooperatives K‑Projekt, welches im Zeitraum von 2017–2021 umgesetzt wurde. Mit ReWaste4.0 geschieht ein Wandel der Branche, welche nicht gefährliche gemischte Siedlungs- und Gewerbeabfälle behandelt, hin zu einer Kreislaufwirtschaft, realisiert durch die Erforschung und Anwendung der neuen Ansätze der Industrie 4.0. Die Vision von ReWaste4.0 ist unter anderem die (Weiter‑)Entwicklung von Abfallbehandlungsanlagen für nicht gefährliche Abfälle zu einer „Smart Waste Factory“, in der eine digitale Kommunikation und Vernetzung zwischen Materialqualität und Maschinen- sowie Anlagenleistung erreicht wird. Nach vier Jahren Forschung und Entwicklung wurden verschiedene Ergebnisse erzielt. Der vorliegende „Review“-Beitrag fasst die Ergebnisse (insbesondere aus peer-reviewten Papers) von insgesamt sieben Teilprojekten innerhalb des K‑Projekts zusammen. Erkenntnisse werden verknüpft und deren Relevanz und Bedeutung für die weitere Entwicklung des Abfallbehandlungssektors diskutiert. Die Ergebnisse werden in drei Bereiche eingeteilt: Schadstoffe in gemischten Abfällen und technische Möglichkeiten zu ihrer Reduktion und Entfernung; Sekundärrohstoffe und Energieträger in gemischten Abfällen und Digitalisierung der Abfallcharakterisierung und der Behandlungsprozesse für gemischte Abfälle. Die in ReWaste4.0 durchgeführte Forschung wird in ReWaste F fortgesetzt, um die Entwicklung hin zu einer partikel-, sensor- und datenbasierten Kreislaufwirtschaft im Zeitraum 2021 bis 2025 weiter voranzutreiben.
Queue hurdle Coxian phase-type model for two-stage process of population-based cancer screening
Authors: Jen Hsiao-Hsuan , Hsu Chen-Yang , Yen Amy Ming-Fang , Chiu Han-Mo , Chen Hsiu-Hsi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe quality assurance of two-stage population-based cancer screening program is determined by arrival rate (attending screening), positive rate (determined by the criteria of screening test), the compliance and the waiting time (WT) for confirmatory diagnosis in those screened as positive. These parameters were correlated between the process of screening procedures and the effectiveness of screening program. To capture such an inter-dependence of these parameters and quantify the effectiveness of program, we proposed a Queue hurdle Coxian phase-type (QH-CPH) model to estimate the arrival rate of screenees with the Poisson Queue process and the compliance rate of confirmatory diagnosis with the hurdle model, and also to identify the hidden states of WT that is affected by the capacity of health care and relevant covariates (such as demographic features and geographic areas) with the Coxian phase-type (CPH) process. We applied the proposed QH-CPH model to Taiwanese nationwide colorectal cancer screening program data for estimating the arrival rate and the probability of not complying with colonoscopy and classifying the compliers into two hidden states, short-waiting phase and long-waiting phase for colonoscopy. Significant covariates responsible for three processes were also identified by using the proportional hazards regression forms. A simulation study was further performed to assess the joint effect of these parameters on WT through a series of scenarios. The proposed QH-CPH model can provide an insight into the optimal and the practical design on population-based cancer screening for health policy-makers given the limited health care resources and capacity.
Stroke and death-findings from a 25-year follow-up of a cohort of employed Swedish middle-aged men of the Coeur study
Authors: Torenfält Isabelle , Dimberg Lennart 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Aim
In 1993, a study of 1000 automotive workers in Sweden and France looked into national differences of cardiovascular disease. Here, we evaluate the proportion of the Swedish cohort that suffered a stroke or died over a 25-year period and associated risk factors.

Subject and methods
Data from 1993 included a life-style questionnaire, a health examination and laboratory data. Figures on stroke and survival status up until the end of 2018 were collected from national registers. Survival analysis was used for both univariable and multivariable analyses to study associations between potential risk factors and stroke and death, respectively.

Results
By the end of 2018, 65 individuals had suffered a stroke and 160 had died. In the univariable analysis, we found age, systolic blood pressure, Framingham risk index and diabetes at baseline to be significantly associated with stroke during follow-up.
For death, most of the traditional risk factors were significantly associated with the outcome, as was blue-collar work and living alone. In the multivariable analysis, age and diabetes at baseline remained significantly associated with stroke, whereas eight factors (age, blue-collar work, living alone, systolic blood pressure, waist–hip ratio, smoking habits, diabetes and hypertension at baseline) were significantly associated with death during follow-up.

Conclusion
Few of the traditional risk factors were significantly associated with stroke possibly explained by low power and/or different pathogenetic mechanism than for myocardial infarction.
Partly because death occurred more often, we did find a number of potential risk factors to be significantly associated with this outcome.
Dramaturgical Accounts of Transgender Individuals: Impression Management in the Presentation of Self to Specialist Gender Services
Authors: Lehmann Katrin , Rosato Michael , McKenna Hugh , Leavey Gerard 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDemand for gender dysphoria (GD) treatment has increased markedly over the past decade. Access to gender-affirming treatments is challenging for most people. For dysphoric individuals, much is at stake. Little is known about the specific needs, challenges, and coping strategies of this hard-to-reach group. We examined the experiences of treatment-seeking adolescents and adults using in-depth unstructured interviews with 26 people attending specialist gender services and 14 transgender people not referred to services. Patients with gender dysphoria distrust clinical services and describe considerable anxiety in sustaining their impression management strategies to obtain treatment. An authentic presentation is regarded by some participants, especially non-binary individuals, as inauthentic and emotionally difficult to maintain. Impression management strategies have partial success in accessing services. The presentation of “idealized” selves may result in unmet mental health needs of patients, and the receipt of interventions incongruent with their authentic selves.
Autophagy induced by Schwann cell-derived exosomes promotes recovery after spinal cord injury in rats
Authors: Pan Dayu , Zhu Shibo , Zhang Weixin , Wei Zhijian , Yang Fuhan , Guo Zhenglong , Ning Guangzhi , Feng Shiqing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) is catastrophic to humans and society. However, there is currently no effective treatment for SCI. Autophagy is known to serve critical roles in both the physiological and pathological processes of the body, but its facilitatory and/or deleterious effects in SCI are yet to be completely elucidated. This study aimed to use primary Schwann cell-derived exosomes (SCDEs) to treat rats after SCI. In the present study, SCDEs were purified and their efficacy in ameliorating the components of SCI was examined. Using both in vivo and in vitro experiments, it was demonstrated that SCDEs increased autophagy and decreased apoptosis after SCI, which promoted axonal protection and the recovery of motor function. Furthermore, it was discovered that an increased number of SCDEs resulted in a decreased expression level of EGFR, which subsequently inhibited the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which upregulated the level of autophagy to ultimately induce microtubule acetylation and polymerization. Collectively, the present study identified that SCDEs could induce axonal protection after SCI by increasing autophagy and decreasing apoptosis, and it was suggested that this may involve the EGFR/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
Seasonal depth distribution and thermal experience of the non-indigenous round goby Neogobius melanostomus in the Baltic Sea: implications to key trophic relations
Authors: Behrens Jane W. , Ryberg Marie P. , Einberg Heli , Eschbaum Redik , Florin Ann-Britt , Grygiel Wlodzimierz , Herrmann Jens Peter , Huwer Bastian , Hüssy Karin , Knospina Elina , Nõomaa Kristiina , Oesterwind Daniel , Polte Patrick , Smoliński Szymon , Ustups Didzis , van Deurs Mikael , Ojaveer Henn 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNative to the Ponto-Caspian region, the benthic round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) has invaded several European inland waterbodies as well as the North American Great Lakes and the Baltic Sea. The species is capable of reaching very high densities in the invaded ecosystems, with not only evidence for significant food-web effects on the native biota and habitats, but also negative implications to coastal fishers. Although generally considered a coastal species, it has been shown that round goby migrate to deeper areas of the Great Lakes and other inland lakes during the cold season. Such seasonal movements may create new spatio-temporal ecosystem consequences in invaded systems. To seek evidence for seasonal depth distribution in coastal marine habitats, we compiled all available catch data for round goby in the Baltic Sea since its invasion and until 2017. We furthermore related the depths at capture for each season with the ambient thermal environment. The round goby spend autumn and winter at significantly deeper and offshore areas compared to spring and summer months; few fish were captured at depths < 25 m in these colder months. Similarly, in spring and summer, round goby were not captured at depths > 25 m. The thermal conditions at which round goby were caught varied significantly between seasons, being on average 18.3 °C during summer, and dropping to a low 3.8 °C during winter months. Overall, the fish sought the depths within each season with the highest possible temperatures. The spatial distribution of the round goby substantially overlaps with that of its main and preferred prey (mussels) and with that of its competitor for food (flatfish), but only moderately with the coastal predatory fish (perch), indicating thereby very complex trophic interactions associated with this invasion. Further investigations should aim at quantifying the food web consequences and coupling effects between different habitats related to seasonal migrations of the round goby, both in terms of the species as a competitor, predator and prey.
Two Tungstates Containing Platinum Nanoparticles Prepared by Air-Calcining Keggin-Type Polyoxotungstate-Coordinated Diplatinum(II) Complexes: Effect on Sintering-Resistance and Photocatalysis
Authors: Kato Chika Nozaki , Kubota Toshiya , Aono Koki , Ozawa Naoto 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTwo tungstates containing platinum nanoparticles (Pt Npts) were obtained by air-calcining α-Keggin-type diplatinum(II)-coordinated polyoxotungstates, Cs3[α-PW11O39{cis-Pt(NH3)2}2]⋅8H2O (Cs-P-Pt) and Cs4[α-SiW11O39{cis-Pt(NH3)2}2]⋅11H2O (Cs-Si-Pt), at 700–900 °C for 5 h. The polyoxotungstateCs-P-Ptwas transformed to a mixture of Pt Npts and Cs3PW12O40upon calcination, while theCs-Si-Ptstructures were transformed to Pt Npts and Cs4W11O35. The Pt Npts generated by air-calciningCs-P-Ptat 700 °C for 5 h were uniform with an average particle size of 3.6 ± 1.1 nm, which was much smaller than that of the Pt Npts obtained by calciningCs-Si-Pt(19.9 ± 9.9 nm) under identical conditions. This demonstrated the significant inhibitory effect ofCs-P-Pton aggregation during high-temperature air-calcination at a high platinum content (10.6 wt.%) and in the absence of a support. During calcination at 700–900 °C,Cs-P-Ptexhibited higher activities thanCs-Si-Ptwith respect to hydrogen evolution from aqueous triethanolamine solutions under visible light irradiation in the presence of Eosin Y, α-Keggin-type mono-aluminum-substituted polyoxotungstate, and titanium dioxide. WhenCs-P-Ptwas calcined at 800 °C for 100 h, no decrease in activity was observed in comparison with that upon calcination for 5 h.Graphical Abstract
Incidence rate and financial burden of medical errors and policy interventions to address them: a multi-method study protocol
Authors: Ahsani-Estahbanati Ehsan , Doshmangir Leila , Najafi Behzad , Akbari Sari Ali , Sergeevich Gordeev Vladimir 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMedical error is one of the most critical challenges facing medical services. They pose a substantial threat to patient safety, and their costs draw attention from policymakers, health care planners and researchers. We aim to make a realistic estimation of medical error incidence and related costs and identify factors influencing this incidence in Iranian hospitals. In the first phase of this multi-method study, through two reviews of systematic reviews and a meta-analysis, we will estimate the incidence of medical errors and the strategies to reduce them. We will extract available data among 41 hospitals supervised by the East Azerbaijan University in the second phase. We will also develop a model and use a Delphi method to predict medical errors incidence and calibrate our model output using the Monte Carlo simulation. We will compare this estimation with the incidence rate based on meta-analysis results from the first phase. In the third phase, we will investigate the relationship between several factors potentially influencing medical error incidence. In the fourth phase, we will estimate costs associated with medical errors by conducting a patient records review and matching those with claims related to medical errors. In the fifth phase, we will present a policy brief related to strategies for medical errors and associated costs reduction in Iran. Our findings could benefit Iranian and policymakers in other countries to reduce medical errors and associated costs.
Development of High Temperature Multi-Layer Laser Flash Artefacts
Authors: Farooqui Ateeb , Morrell Roger , Wu Jiyu , Wright Louise , Hay Bruno , Pekris Michael , Whiting Mark J. , Saunders Theo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDelamination of the interlayers of multi-layer systems can cause a degradation in functionality, stability and life span of that system. This is even more pertinent for systems at high temperature. Laser flash analysis (LFA) has long been used for thermophysical properties measurements at high temperatures. Multi-layer reference artefacts, with and without, debonded regions are required for validating the thermal characterisation of such systems using LFA. Although some high-temperature bulk candidate reference materials were developed and studied, e.g. in the European Metrology Research Programme (EMRP) funded Joint Research Project (JRP) ENG08 Metrofission, they were not able to meet the requirements for validating thermal measurements of multi-layer systems using LFA. In the European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research (EMPIR) funded JRP 17IND11 Hi-TRACE project, the National Physical Laboratory is developing multi-layer reference artefacts, including both fully bonded and partially de-bonded systems for validating thermal characterisation of multi-layer systems at temperatures from room temperature to above 1000 °C using LFA. This paper details the methodology of production, measurement and validation of isotropic graphite and hafnium based multi-layer systems with, and without, partial debonding. Reproducibility, thermal stability and sensitive parameters concerning the thermal response of the artefacts will be discussed, with recommendation on the usage criteria as LFA multi-layer reference artefacts.
Predictive landscapes hidden beneath biological cellular automata
Authors: Koopmans Lars , Youk Hyun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTo celebrate Hans Frauenfelder’s achievements, we examine energy(-like) “landscapes” for complex living systems. Energy landscapes summarize all possible dynamics of some physical systems. Energy(-like) landscapes can explain some biomolecular processes, including gene expression and, as Frauenfelder showed, protein folding. But energy-like landscapes and existing frameworks like statistical mechanics seem impractical for describing many living systems. Difficulties stem from living systems being high dimensional, nonlinear, and governed by many, tightly coupled constituents that are noisy. The predominant modeling approach is devising differential equations that are tailored to each living system. This ad hoc approach faces the notorious “parameter problem”: models have numerous nonlinear, mathematical functions with unknown parameter values, even for describing just a few intracellular processes. One cannot measure many intracellular parameters or can only measure them as snapshots in time. Another modeling approach uses cellular automata to represent living systems as discrete dynamical systems with binary variables. Quantitative (Hamiltonian-based) rules can dictate cellular automata (e.g., Cellular Potts Model). But numerous biological features, in current practice, are qualitatively described rather than quantitatively (e.g., gene is (highly) expressed or not (highly) expressed). Cellular automata governed by verbal rules are useful representations for living systems and can mitigate the parameter problem. However, they can yield complex dynamics that are difficult to understand because the automata-governing rules are not quantitative and much of the existing mathematical tools and theorems apply to continuous but not discrete dynamical systems. Recent studies found ways to overcome this challenge. These studies either discovered or suggest an existence of predictive “landscapes” whose shapes are described by Lyapunov functions and yield “equations of motion” for a “pseudo-particle.” The pseudo-particle represents the entire cellular lattice and moves on the landscape, thereby giving a low-dimensional representation of the cellular automata dynamics. We outline this promising modeling strategy.
Can Weight Watchers (WW) Help Address Maternal Obesity? An Audit of Weight Change in Women of Childbearing Age and Mothers-To-Be, Referred into a Commercial Slimming Programme
Authors: Tocque Karen , Kennedy Lynne 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objectives
The scale of overweight and obesity amongst women of childbearing age or mothers to be, living in Wales, places a considerable burden on the NHS and public health. High BMI (over 30) during pregnancy increases the health risks for mother and baby. Policy advice recommends weight management services are available to help women lose weight before and whilst planning pregnancy. In parts of Wales, NHS partnerships with commercial companies provide weight management services for women considering or planning pregnancy. This study evaluates whether an established referral Weight Watchers (WW) programme, known to be effective in adults in England, can help mothers-to-be living in North Wales lose weight.

Methods
Analysis used routine data from 82 referrals to WW between June 2013 and January 2015. Participants received a referral letter inviting them to attend face-to-face group workshops combined with a digital experience. The programme encompassed healthy eating, physical activity and positive mind-set. Trained WW staff measured bodyweight before, during and at 12 weeks. On entry to the course, participants had a median age of 31.4 years (interquartile range (IQR) 28–34) with a median BMI of 36.8 kg/m2 (IQR 33.3–43.7).

Results
Women completing the course (n = 34) had a median weight loss of 5.65 kg (IQR 0.45–10.85), equating to 5.7% (SD 3.46) of initial body weight. Intention-to-treat analysis (last observation carried forward), which included lapsed courses n = 66, showed a median weight loss of 3.6 kg (IQR − 2.53 to 9.73), equating to 3.7% (SD 3.62) of initial body weight. Overall, there was significant weight loss during the WW programme (Wilcoxon signed rank test Z = − 6.16; p < 0.001). Weight loss was significantly correlated with the number of workshops attended (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.61 p < 0.001). The proportion of all 82 participants (intention to treat, baseline observation carried forward) that achieved a weight loss of ≥ 5% initial weight was 30.5%.

Conclusions for Practice
Referral of obese mothers-to-be into WW can successfully achieve short-term weight loss, at or above 5%, in approximately one third of participants. The dose–response effect supports a causal inference. Successful weight loss at this critical life stage may provide women with the necessary motivation to initiate weight loss for healthy pregnancy, however further research is required.