bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Matoa Leaf (Pometia pinnata) Extract as an Antibacterial Staphylococcus epidermidis
Authors: Rossalinda Rossalinda , Wijayanti Fitria , Iskandar Damayanti 
Published: June 2021

A natural alternative that can be used to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria is matoa leaves (Pometia pinnata). Matoa leaves contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tanins, and saponins which are known as an antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of matoa leaves extract as an antibacterial agent for Staphylococcus epidermidis. This study used the disc diffusion method, using deodorant as a positive control, aquadest as a negative control and concentration variations matoa leaves extract of 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%. The matoa leaves were extracted using the maceration method with 96% ethanol. Antibacterial testing in this study was characterized by a clear zone or zone of inhibition around the disc paper. The results of the antibacterial test in this study have to different inhibition zones, that is a sample concentration of 15% the inhibition zone value is 0,125 mm. The sample concentration of 20% the inhibition zone is 3 mm. The sample concentration of 25% the inhibition zone is 2,312 mm and the sample concentrasion of 30% the inhibition zone is 0,875 mm. The extract of matoa leaves can be used as an antibacterial, because according to Pan Chen Wu Tang and zao (2009) the extract of matoa leaves could be applied as inhibitor of the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis at a sample concentration of 20% is in the weak to moderate category
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ АНАЛІЗУ ВІДКРИТИХ ДЖЕРЕЛ ПРИ РОЗРОБЛЕННІ ПАСПОРТУ ЦІЛЬОВИХ АУДИТОРІЙ В ІНТЕРЕСАХ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ СТРАТЕГІЧНОГО НАРАТИВУ ДЕРЖАВИ
Authors: Войтко Олександр 
Published: June 2021

В статті розглядається аналіз відкритих джерел який базується на методі OSINT розвідки при розроблені паспорту цільової аудиторії в інтересах реалізації стратегічного наративу держави.
Для досягнення мети статті автором узагальнені підходи до аналізу відкритих джерел інформації та розроблено пропозиції щодо формування паспорту цільової аудиторії. Визначено процес ведення розвідки з відкритих джерел інформації, обґрунтовані критерії які висуваються до розвідданих отриманих з відкритих джерел інформації. Розглянуто типи ведення такої розвідки. Узагальнені критерії дали можливість визначити перелік програмних продуктів, які раціонально використовувати при проведенні розвідки з відкритих джерел, а також проведено короткий огляд та можливості цих програмних продуктів.
З метою узагальнення та систематизації отриманих розвідданих з відкритих джерел автором запропоновано створення паспорту цільової аудиторії. Розглянуто загальну структуру самого бланку паспорту та особливості структури заповнення отриманої інформації з відкритих джерел.
Запропонований підхід щодо аналізу відкритих джерел при розроблені паспорту цільової аудиторії в інтересах реалізації стратегічного наративу держави надасть можливість вірно побудувати та реалізувати систему інформаційної безпеки у воєнній сфері у формі стратегічних комунікацій Міністерства оборони та Збройних Сил України. Проведений аналіз надасть можливість визначити основні потреби та вразливі місця цільових аудиторій та реалізувати інтереси держави у вигляді підтримки населення щодо стратегічного курсу держави на набуття повноправного членства України в ЄС та НАТО.
Perfil epidemiológico e alterações anatomopatológicas de biópsias de rins esquerdos de sete cães acometidos por Dioctophyme renale em rim direito
Authors: Galiza Aline Xavier Fialho , Silva Luísa Mariano Cerqueira da , Correa Luísa Grecco , Gonçalves Eduardo , Amaral Aline do , Caye Pâmela , Miranda Júlia Vargas , Castro Clarissa Caetano de , Rappeti Josaine Cristina da Silva , Guim Thomas Normanton , Fernandes Cristina Gevehr , Grecco Fabiane Borelli 
Published: June 2021

A dioctofimatose é uma doença causada pelo nematódeo Dioctophyme renale, que acomete principalmente rins direitos de cães e ao penetrar na cápsula renal causa destruição e atrofia do parênquima, podendo restar apenas uma cápsula fibrosa do rim afetado. Dessa forma, buscando estabelecer as condições histológicas do rim contralateral (RCL) dos animais acometidos pela parasitose, o objetivo desse estudo foi descrever o perfil epidemiológico e alterações anatomopatológicas encontradas em biópsias de rins esquerdos de sete cães submetidos a nefrectomia em decorrência de parasitismo por Dioctophyme renale em rim direito. Informações referentes à raça, sexo, faixa etária, histórico clínico, e alterações histológicas, foram tabulados e avaliados. Para as biópsias foi utilizado o método incisional. Microscopicamente em três amostras (3/7) havia glomerulonefrite membranosa, em quatro (4/7) observou-se infiltrado inflamatório de células mononucleadas e fibrose focal em duas amostras analisadas (2/7). Em uma amostra havia glomeruloesclerose segmentar focal e em outra não havia alteração histológica. Foram contabilizadas mais de uma alteração em uma única amostra. As alterações encontradas nas biópsias indicam algum comprometimento do rim remanescente e sugerindo que possa haver ação sistêmica, ou pelo menos inter-renais das enzimas esofágicas produzidas pelo parasito Este estudo espera contribuir para o estadiamento das funções renais do rim remanescente e auxiliar no estabelecimento do tratamento em cada caso.
Fibrossarcoma perirrenal em um gato acometido por Dioctophyme renale em rim esquerdo
Authors: Galiza Aline Xavier Fialho , Caye Pâmela , Guim Thomas Normanton , Rappeti Josaine Cristina da Silva , Correa Luísa Grecco , Silva Luísa Mariano Cerqueira da , Salame Jéssica Paola , Nobre Márcia de Oliveira , Neves Katiellen Ribeiro , Rondelli Mariana Cristina Hoeppner , Fernandes Cristina Gevehr , Grecco Fabiane Borelli 
Published: June 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar a ocorrência de parasitismo por Dioctophyme renale, em rim esquerdo de um felino que também apresentou fibrossarcoma perirrenal esquerdo. Foi atendida no Hospital de clínicas veterinárias da UFPEL uma gata de 10 anos com queixa de dor abdominal e prostração. Exames de imagem sugeriram neoplasma em região perirrenal esquerda. O animal foi submetido a laparotomia, onde observou-se massa tumoral aderida ao rim esquerdo, motivo que levou a realização d nefrectomia A massa tumoral e o rim esquerdo foram encaminhados para estudo histopatológico. No exame macroscópico o rim acometido apresentava atrofia do parênquima, cápsula espessada e aspecto cístico com presença de líquido amarelado contendo estruturas degeneradas identificadas como Dioctophyme renale. A massa tumoral era esbranquiçada, firme e bem vascularizada. Histologicamente a massa era constituída por células neoplásicas pleomórficas, sarcomatosas que podiam estar arranjadas em feixes ou ninhos. A coloração de Tricrômicro de Masson evidenciou fibras colágenas e estroma de tecido conjuntivo fibroso permitindo o diagnóstico de fibrossarcoma. Neste relato, três fatos incomuns foram discutidos: a) ocorrência de Dioctophyme renale em felinos b) envolvimento do rim esquerdo c) fibrossarcoma perirrenal com possibilidade de relação ao parasitismo por Dioctophyme renale.
Cerâmicas odontológicas: Classificação, propriedades e indicações e protocolo de cimentação
Authors: Brandão Maria Rita Soares Gontijo , Reis Taís Alves dos , Andrade Cláudia Maria de Oliveira , Sousa Elisabete Aparecida Rosário de 
Published: June 2021

As cerâmicas dentais são conhecidas pela sua excelência em reproduzir artificialmente os dentes naturais. Atualmente existem diversos tipos de cerâmicas e métodos de obtenção que entregam diferentes resultados em relação à resistência e a translucidez. Está variedade acaba gerando a necessidade de o profissional estar constantemente se aprimorando para que consiga indicar corretamente e trabalhar com os diversos materiais existentes no mercado. Neste trabalho, são apresentadas as classificações, propriedades, indicações e protocolos de cimentação, das cerâmicas feldspáticas convencionais, as infiltradas por vidro, as associadas a metais e as aluminizadas que foram projetadas objetivando uma resistência duas vezes maior que as feldspáticas convencionais. Este trabalho tem como objetivo a formulação de um agregado de informações acerca das diferentes cerâmicas dentais existentes, fornecendo assim um conjunto de informações que poderá auxiliar tanto acadêmicos de odontologia como os profissionais da área, a realizar a escolha do material ideal para cada situação. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura narrativa qualitativa, utilizando-se como base bibliográfica artigos científicos disponíveis nos bancos de dados online PubMED, Lillacs, BVSsalud e Scielo, apresentados em português e inglês.
Benefícios do aleitamento materno exclusivo até sexto mês de vida
Authors: Caldas Tailanne Araújo , Azevedo Marcel Vinícius Cunha , Torres Ruth Cristini , Teles Weber de Santana , Silva Max Cruz da , Barros Ângela Maria Melo Sá , Silva Maria Hozana Santos , Morais André Luiz de Jesus , Santos Junior Paulo Celso Curvelo , Carvalho Isabelle Borges Primo de 
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Esse estudo teve como objetivo analisar na literatura existente os benefícios do aleitamento materno exclusivo até o sexto mês de vida. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, baseada em artigos por meio da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), através das bases de dados eletrônicas: Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), com o ano de publicação entre 2013 e 2018. Resultados: a busca nas bases de dados consultadas resultou em 82 artigos, porém definiu-se 18 para análise. Assim, após análise dos estudos, foram definidas três categorias para a discussão dos resultados: Benefícios do Aleitamento Materno Exclusivo até o sexto mês de vida, Fatores que levam ao desmame precoce do Aleitamento Materno e Ações desenvolvidas pelos enfermeiros na promoção do aleitamento materno. Conclusão: Evidenciou-se que o aleitamento materno é um alimento completo e insubstituível, refletindo diretamente na qualidade de vida da mãe e do lactante. E, que a enfermagem é fundamental no incentivo a essa prática.
Sex-Specific Clinical Characteristics and Long-Term Outcomes in Patients With Myocardial Infarction With Non-obstructive Coronary Arteries
Authors: Gao Side , Ma Wenjian , Huang Sizhuang , Lin Xuze , Yu Mengyue 
Published: June 2021

Background: Sex differences in clinical profiles and prognosis after acute myocardial infarction have been addressed for decades. However, the sex-based disparities among patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) remain largely unreported. Here, we investigated sex-specific characteristics and long-term outcomes in MINOCA population.Methods: A total of 1,179 MINOCA patients were enrolled, including 867 men and 312 women. The mean follow-up was 41.7 months. The primary endpoint was a composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including all-cause death, non-fatal reinfarction, revascularization, non-fatal stroke, and hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure. Baseline data and outcomes were compared. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analyses were used to identify association between sex and prognosis.Results: Female patients with MINOCA had more risk profiles with regard to older age and higher prevalence of hypertension and diabetes compared with men. The evidence-based medical treatment was similar in men and women. The incidence of MACE (men vs. women: 13.8 vs. 15.3%, p = 0.504) did not differ significantly between the sexes. The Kaplan-Meier analysis also indicated that women had a similar incidence of MACE compared to men (log rank p = 0.385). After multivariate adjustment, female sex was not associated with the risk of MACE in overall (adjusted hazard ratio 1.02, 95% confidence interval: 0.72–1.44, p = 0.916) and in subgroups of MINOCA patients.Conclusion: The long-term outcomes were similar for men and women presenting with MINOCA despite older age and more comorbidities in women. Future research should aim to improve in-hospital and post-discharge care for both sexes with MINOCA.
Experimental Study of Pressure Loss in a 5 × 5–Rod Bundle With the Mixing Vane Spacer Grid
Authors: Qu Wenhai , Yao Weiyi , Xiong Jinbiao , Cheng Xu 
Published: June 2021

Axial and lateral pressure loss in a 5 × 5 rod–bundle with a split-type mixing vane spacer grid was experimentally measured using differential pressure transmitters at different sub-channel Reynolds numbers (Re) and orienting angles. The geometrical parameters of the 5 × 5–rod bundle are as follows: they have the same diameter (D = 9.5 mm) and pitch (p = 12.6 mm) as those of real fuel rods of a typical pressurized water reactor (PWR), with a sub-channel hydraulic diameter (Dh) of 11.78 mm. The characteristics and resistance models of pressure loss are discussed. The main axial pressure loss is caused by the spacer grid, and the spacer grid generates additional wall friction pressure loss downstream of the spacer grid. The lateral pressure loss shows strong correlations with orienting angles and distance from the spacer grid. The lateral pressure loss shows a sudden burst in the mixing vanes region and a slight augmentation at z = 3Dh. After 3Dh, the lateral pressure loss decays in an exponential way with distance from the spacer grid, and it becomes constant quickly at z = 20Dh.
A Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization of the Top-Cited Publications in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Shi Jian , Du Xianping , Cavagnaro María José , Li Na 
Published: June 2021

Background: For measuring their impact in scientific research, the citation count of the publications is used in the bibliometric analysis, though still in the bibliometric analysis, there is no comprehensive summary of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) research. This article intends to provide the physicians and the neuroscientists with a reference guide to assess the most influential publications written on this subject through a macroscopic view of the research activities on mTBI.Methods: The database of the Web of Science was used to compile the 100 top-ranking publications on mTBI. The selected publications were evaluated on the basis of the several categorizations including the type of the publications, number of citations, country of origin, and year of publication.Results: Between 1946 and 2020, the 13,040 publications that were published were included in the database. The least cited publications received 274 citations, while the most cited received 1,748. Altogether, 71 publications were from the USA while 29 were from other countries. Among all the institutions, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center led the list with six publications. Around 100 papers, mostly on the clinical studies in the categories of neurology and neurosciences, were published in 54 different journals.Conclusions: This study provides both a transverse section summary and historical retrospect for the clinical advances of mTBI, and the publications of important observations that contributed a significant impact on the treatment and prevention of mTBI had been identified.
New TRUS Techniques and Imaging Features of PI-RADS 4 or 5: Influence on Tumor Targeting
Authors: Chang Amy Inji , Park Byung Kwan 
Published: June 2021

PurposeTo determine if the new transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) techniques and imaging features contribute to targeting Prostate Imaging and Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) 4 or 5.Materials and MethodsBetween December 2018 and February 2020, 115 men underwent cognitive biopsy by radiologist A, who was familiar with the new TRUS findings and biopsy techniques. During the same period, 179 men underwent magnetic resonance imaging–TRUS image fusion or cognitive biopsy by radiologist B, who was unfamiliar with the new biopsy techniques. Prior to biopsy, both radiologists knew MRI findings such as the location, size, and shape of PI-RADS 4 or 5. We recorded how many target biopsies were performed without systematic biopsy and how many of these detected higher Gleason score (GS) than those detected by systematic biopsy. The numbers of biopsy cores were also obtained. Fisher Exact or Mann–Whitney test was used for statistical analysis.ResultsFor PI-RADS 4, target biopsy alone was performed in 0% (0/84) by radiologist A and 0.8% (1/127) by radiologist B (p&gt;0.9999). Target biopsy yielded higher GSs in 57.7% (30/52) by radiologist A and 29.5% (23/78) by radiologist B (p = 0.0019). For PI-RADS 5, target biopsy alone was performed in 29.0% (9/31) by radiologist A and 1.9% (1/52) by radiologist B (p = 0.0004). Target biopsy yielded higher GSs in 50.0% (14/28) by radiologist A and 18.2% (8/44) by radiologist B (p = 0.0079). Radiologist A sampled fewer biopsy cores than radiologist B (p = 0.0008 and 0.0023 for PI-RADS 4 and 5), respectively.ConclusionsPI-RADS 4 or 5 can be more precisely targeted if the new TRUS biopsy techniques are applied.
Alphataxin, an Orally Available Small Molecule, Decreases LDL Levels in Mice as a Surrogate for the LDL-Lowering Activity of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin in Humans
Authors: Bristow Cynthia L. , Winston Ronald 
Published: June 2021

The abundant blood protein α1-proteinase inhibitor (α1PI, Αlpha-1, α1-antitrypsin, SerpinA1) is known to bind to the active site of granule-associated human leukocyte elastase (HLE-G). Less well known is that binding of α1PI to cell surface HLE (HLE-CS) induces lymphocyte locomotion mediated by members of the low density lipoprotein receptor family (LDL-RFMs) thereby facilitating low density lipoprotein (LDL) clearance. LDL and α1PI were previously shown to be in negative feedback regulation during transport and clearance of lipoproteins. Further examination herein of the influence of α1PI in lipoprotein regulation using data from a small randomized, double-blind clinical trial shows that treatment of HIV-1-infected individuals with α1PI plasma products lowered apolipoprotein and lipoprotein levels including LDL. Although promising, plasma-purified α1PI is limited in quantity and not a feasible treatment for the vast number of people who need treatment for lowering LDL levels. We sought to develop orally available small molecules to act as surrogates for α1PI. Small molecule β-lactams are highly characterized for their binding to the active site of HLE-G including crystallographic studies at 1.84 Å. Using high throughput screening (HLE-G inhibition, HLE-CS-induced cellular locomotion), we show here that a panel of β-lactams, including the LDL-lowering drug ezetimibe, have the capacity to act as surrogates for α1PI by binding to HLE-G and HLE-CS. Because β-lactams are antibiotics that also have the capacity to promote evolution of antibiotic resistant bacteria, we modified the β-lactam Alphataxin to prevent antibiotic activity. We demonstrate using the diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model that Alphataxin, a penam, is as effective in lowering LDL levels as FDA-approved ezetimibe, a monobactam. Non-antibiotic β-lactams provide a promising new therapeutic class of small molecules for lowering LDL levels.
Oral Health Policies to Tackle the Burden of Early Childhood Caries: A Review of 14 Countries/Regions
Authors: Chen Jieyi , Duangthip Duangporn , Gao Sherry Shiqian , Huang Fang , Anthonappa Robert , Oliveira Branca Heloisa , Turton Bathsheba , Durward Callum , El Tantawi Maha , Attia Dina , Heima Masahiro , Muthu Murugan Satta , Maharani Diah Ayu , Folayan Morenik Oluwatoyin , Phantumvanit Prathip , Sitthisettapong Thanya , Innes Nicola , Crystal Yasmi O. , Ramos-Gomez Francisco , Medina Aida Carolina , Lo Edward Chin Man , Chu Chun Hung 
Published: June 2021

Aim:Early childhood caries (ECC) has significant public health implications but has received inadequate global attention. There is limited information regarding the success of oral health policies implemented to address the challenges of ECC. This review aimed to summarize such policies to tackle ECC from different countries/regions.Method:Independent collaborators from 14 countries/regions (Australia, Brazil, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Japan, Nigeria, Thailand, UK, USA, and Venezuela) collected the data. The ECC status, dental workforce, oral health policies on ECC prevention in different countries/regions were summarized by each country.Results:The findings indicated that ECC prevalence varied in different countries/regions. The lowest prevalence of ECC among 5-year-old children was found in Nigeria (7%), and the highest was found in Indonesia (90%). The existing dental workforce and resources are limited in most countries. The smallest dentist to population ratio was reported by Nigeria at 1:48,400, whereas the highest ratio was in Brazil (1:600). Out of 14, three (21%) countries namely India, Venezuela and Cambodia had no national oral health policies addressing ECC and four (29%) countries (Cambodia, China, India, Venezuela) had no publicly funded dental care program for 0–5-year-old children. Water fluoridation is available in four countries/regions (Australia, Brazil, Hong Kong, USA).Conclusion:ECC remains a global health challenge and dental workforce is limited. National/regional programs to tackle ECC are not yet prioritized in many countries/regions. Evidence to support demonstration projects is limited. Further research on the cost-effectiveness of interventions strategies is required for policymakers.
Mitogenomics and Evolutionary History of Rodent Whipworms (Trichuris spp.) Originating from Three Biogeographic Regions
Authors: Petružela Jan , Ribas Alexis , de Bellocq Joëlle Goüy 
Published: June 2021

Trichuris spp. is a widespread nematode which parasitizes a wide range of mammalian hosts including rodents, the most diverse mammalian order. However, genetic data on rodent whipworms are still scarce, with only one published whole genome (Trichuris muris) despite an increasing demand for whole genome data. We sequenced the whipworm mitogenomes from seven rodent hosts belonging to three biogeographic regions (Palearctic, Afrotropical, and Indomalayan), including three previously described species: Trichuris cossoni, Trichurisarvicolae, and Trichurismastomysi. We assembled and annotated two complete and five almost complete mitogenomes (lacking only the long non-coding region) and performed comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses. All the mitogenomes are circular, have the same organisation, and consist of 13 protein-coding, 2 rRNA, and 22 tRNA genes. The phylogenetic analysis supports geographical clustering of whipworm species and indicates that T. mastomysi found in Eastern Africa is able to infect multiple closely related rodent hosts. Our results are informative for species delimitation based on mitochondrial markers and could be further used in studies on phylogeny, phylogeography, and population genetics of rodent whipworms