bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interventional outcomes for patients eligible for entry into the ARUBA clinical trial: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Snyder M. Harrison , Chen Ching-Jen , Farzad Faraz , Ironside Natasha , Kellogg Ryan T. , Southerland Andrew M. , Park Min S. , Sheehan Jason P. , Ding Dale 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
A Randomized Trial of Unruptured Brain Arteriovenous Malformations (ARUBA) suggested that medical management afforded outcomes superior to those following intervention for unruptured arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), but its findings have been controversial. Subsequent studies of AVMs that would have met the eligibility requirements of ARUBA have supported intervention for the management of some cases. The present meta-analysis was conducted with the object of summarizing interventional outcomes for ARUBA-eligible patients reported in the literature.

METHODS
A systematic literature search (PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar) for AVM intervention studies that used inclusion criteria identical to those of ARUBA (age ≥ 18 years, no history of AVM hemorrhage, no prior intervention) was performed. The primary outcome was death or symptomatic stroke. Secondary outcomes included AVM obliteration, hemorrhage, death, and poor outcome (modified Rankin Scale score ≥ 2 at final follow-up). Bias assessment was performed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and the results were synthesized as pooled proportions.

RESULTS
Of the 343 articles identified through database searches, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria, yielding an overall study cohort of 1909 patients. The primary outcome occurred in 11.2% of patients (pooled = 11%, 95% CI 8%–13%). The rates of AVM obliteration, hemorrhage, poor outcome, and death were 72.7% (pooled = 78%, 95% CI 70%–85%), 8.4% (pooled = 8%, 95% CI 6%–11%), 9.9% (pooled = 10%, 95% CI 7%–13%), and 3.5% (pooled = 2%, 95% CI 1%–4%), respectively. Annualized primary outcome and hemorrhage risks were 1.85 (pooled = 2.05, 95% CI 1.31–2.94) and 1.34 (pooled = 1.41, 95% CI 0.83–2.13) per 100 patient-years, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
Intervention for unruptured AVMs affords acceptable outcomes for appropriately selected patients. The risk of hemorrhage following intervention compared favorably to the natural history of unruptured AVMs. The included studies were retrospective and varied in treatment and AVM characteristics, thereby limiting the generalizability of their data. Future studies from prospective registries may clarify patient, nidus, and intervention selection criteria that will refine the challenging management of patients with unruptured AVMs.
(−)-OSU6162 in the treatment of fatigue and other sequelae after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Western Elin , Nordenmark Tonje Haug , Sorteberg Wilhelm , Sorteberg Agnes , Karic Tanja , Sorteberg Angelika 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
Fatigue after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is common and usually long-lasting, and it has a considerable negative impact on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), social functioning, and the ability to return to work (RTW). No effective treatment exists. The dopaminergic regulator (−)-OSU6162 has shown promising results regarding the mitigation of fatigue in various neurological diseases, and therefore the authors aimed to investigate the efficacy of (−)-OSU6162 in alleviating fatigue and other sequelae after aSAH.

METHODS
A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-center trial was performed in which 96 participants with post-aSAH fatigue were administered 30–60 mg/day of (−)-OSU6162 or placebo over a period of 12 weeks. Efficacy was assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), the Mental Fatigue Scale (MFS), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), the SF-36 questionnaire, and a neuropsychological test battery. Assessments were performed at baseline, after 1, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of treatment, and at follow-up, 8 weeks after treatment.

RESULTS
The 96 participants with post-aSAH fatigue were randomized to treatment with (−)-OSU6162 (n = 49) or placebo (n = 47). The FSS, MFS, and BDI scores improved significantly in both groups after 12 weeks of treatment, whereas the BAI scores improved in the placebo group only. HRQOL improved significantly in the SF-36 domain “Vitality” in both groups. Neuropsychological test performances were within the normal range at baseline and not affected by treatment. The FSS score was distinctly improved in patients with complete RTW upon treatment with (−)-OSU6162. Concomitant use of antidepressants improved the efficacy of (−)-OSU6162 on the FSS score at week 1 beyond the placebo response, and correspondingly the use of beta- or calcium-channel blockers improved the (−)-OSU6162 efficacy beyond the placebo response in MFS scores at week 4 of treatment. There was a significant correlation between improvement in FSS, BAI, and BDI scores and the plasma concentration of (−)-OSU6162 at the dose of 60 mg/day. No serious adverse events were attributable to the treatment, but dizziness was reported more often in the (−)-OSU6162 group.

CONCLUSIONS
Fatigue and other sequelae after aSAH were similarly alleviated by treatment with (−)-OSU6162 and placebo. (−)-OSU6162 improved fatigue, as measured with the FSS score, significantly in patients with complete RTW. There seemed to be synergetic effects of (−)-OSU6162 and medications interfering with dopaminergic pathways that should be explored further. The strong placebo response may be exploited in developing nonpharmacological treatment programs for post-aSAH fatigue.
Endovascular Therapy Versus Microsurgical Clipping of Ruptured Wide Neck Aneurysms (EVERRUN Registry): a multicenter, prospective propensity score analysis
Authors: Mascitelli Justin R. , Lawton Michael T. , Hendricks Benjamin K. , Hardigan Trevor A. , Yoon James S. , Yaeger Kurt A. , Kellner Christopher P. , De Leacy Reade A. , Fifi Johanna T. , Bederson Joshua B. , Albuquerque Felipe C. , Ducruet Andrew F. , Birnbaum Lee A. , Caron Jean Louis R. , Rodriguez Pavel , Mocco J 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the superiority of endovascular therapy (EVT) compared to microsurgery (MS) for ruptured aneurysms suitable for treatment or when therapy is broadly offered to all presenting aneurysms; however, wide neck aneurysms (WNAs) are a challenging subset that require more advanced techniques and warrant further investigation. Herein, the authors sought to investigate a prospective, multicenter WNA registry using rigorous outcome assessments and compare EVT and MS using propensity score analysis (PSA).

METHODS
Untreated, ruptured, saccular WNAs were included in the analysis. A WNA was defined as having a neck ≥ 4 mm or a dome/neck ratio (DNR) < 2. The primary outcome was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 1 year posttreatment, as assessed by blinded research nurses (good outcome: mRS scores 0–2) and compared using PSA.

RESULTS
The analysis included 87 ruptured aneurysms: 55 in the EVT cohort and 32 in the MS cohort. Demographics were similar in the two cohorts, including Hunt and Hess grade (p = 0.144) and modified Fisher grade (p = 0.475). WNA type inclusion criteria were similar in the two cohorts, with the most common type having a DNR < 2 (EVT 60.0% vs MS 62.5%). More anterior communicating artery aneurysms (27.3% vs 18.8%) and posterior circulation aneurysms (18.2% vs 0.0%) were treated with EVT, whereas more middle cerebral artery aneurysms were treated with MS (34.4% vs 18.2%, p = 0.025). Within the EVT cohort, 43.6% underwent stand-alone coiling, 50.9% balloon-assisted coiling, 3.6% stent-assisted coiling, and 1.8% flow diversion. The 1-year mRS score was assessed in 81 patients (93.1%), and the primary outcome demonstrated no increased risk for a poor outcome with MS compared to EVT (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.13–1.45, p = 0.177). The durability of MS was higher, as evidenced by retreatment rates of 12.7% and 0% for EVT and MS, respectively (p = 0.04).

CONCLUSIONS
EVT and MS had similar clinical outcomes at 1 year following ruptured WNA treatment. Because of their challenging anatomy, WNAs may represent a population in which EVT’s previously demonstrated superiority for ruptured aneurysm treatment is less relevant. Further investigation into the treatment of ruptured WNAs is warranted.
Charting the course from abstract to published article
Authors: Hallan David R. , Nguyen Alyssa M. , Liang Menglu , McNutt Sarah , Goss Madison , Bell Erin , Natarajan Shreela , Nichol Andrea , Messner Christopher , Bracken Elizabeth , Glantz Michael 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
Abstracts act as short, efficient sources of new information. This intentional brevity potentially diminishes scientific reliability of described findings. The authors’ objective was to 1) determine the proportion of abstracts submitted to the American Association of Neurological Surgeons (AANS) annual meeting that subsequently are published in peer-reviewed journals, 2) assess AANS abstract publications for publication bias, and 3) assess AANS abstract publications for differing results.

METHODS
The authors screened all abstracts from the annual 2012 AANS meeting and identified their corresponding full-text publication, if applicable, by searching PubMed/MEDLINE. The abstract and subsequent publication were analyzed for result type (positive or negative) and differences in results.

RESULTS
Overall, 49.3% of abstracts were published as papers. Many (18.1%) of these published papers differed in message from their original abstract. Publication bias exists, with positive abstracts being 40% more likely to be published than negative abstracts. The top journals in which the full-text articles were published were Journal of Neurosurgery (13.1%), Neurosurgery (7.3%), and World Neurosurgery (5.4%).

CONCLUSIONS
Here, the authors demonstrate that alone, abstracts are not reliable sources of information. Many abstracts ultimately remain unpublished; therefore, they do not attain a level of scientific scrutiny that merits alteration of clinical care. Furthermore, many that are published have differing results or conclusions. In addition, positive publication bias exists, as positive abstracts are more likely to be published than negative abstracts.
Long-term outcomes of staged Gamma Knife radiosurgery for giant cavernous sinus hemangiomas: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Yang Ruyi , Wang Xinjun , Xv Ziqiang , Zhao Puxue , Li Junwu , An Quan , Huang Shan 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
Cavernous sinus hemangiomas (CSHs) are rare benign tumors originating from the cavernous sinus. Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) has been recommended as a primary treatment for small- to medium-sized CSHs. The optimal treatment for giant CSHs is still controversial. In this study, the authors retrospectively reviewed the effectiveness and safety of staged GKRS treatment for giant CSHs.

METHODS
Twenty-two patients with giant CSH who received staged GKRS treatment in the Gamma Knife Treatment Center of Henan Province during the period from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2018, were enrolled in this study. Six patients had received microsurgery before GKRS, the other 16 patients were diagnosed according to clinical symptoms and MR images. All of the enrolled patients received 2-stage GKRS, and the mean interval between the two GKRS treatments was 6.5 months (range 6–12 months). For the first GKRS, the median isodose line was 48% (range 45%–50%), the median marginal dose was 13 Gy (range 11.5–14 Gy), and the median coverage of CSHs was 80% (range 70%–88%). For the second GKRS treatment, the median isodose line was 50% (range 45%–55%), the median marginal dose to the CSHs was 10.5 Gy (range 9–12.5 Gy), and the median coverage of the CSHs was 88% (range 80%–94%).

RESULTS
All of the patients received an outpatient review of an enhanced MR image of the head and a clinical physical check every 6 months after the first GKRS treatment. The mean follow-up duration was 52 months (range 24–84 months). The tumor control rate was 100% 24 months after staged GKRS, and at the last follow-up the mean tumor shrinkage rate was 96.7% (range 90.6%–100%) and the mean residual CSH volume was 2.1 ml (range 0–8.5 ml). Twenty patients suffered central nervous system (CNS) injury symptoms to varying degrees before staged GKRS treatment. Complete symptom recovery was found in 11 (55%) patients, improved symptoms in 5 (25%) patients, and no change in 4 (20%) patients after treatment. Only 1 patient suffered temporary preexisting headache aggravation and 1 patient suffered temporary preexisting diplopia aggravation 1 week after receiving the first GKRS treatment. Subacute or chronic complications were not detected after staged GKRS.

CONCLUSIONS
Staged GKRS is an effective treatment for giant CSHs. Because of the impressively low incidence of adverse effects, staged GKRS may be considered as a primary treatment for giant CSHs.
Socioeconomic health disparities in pediatric traumatic brain injury on a national level
Authors: Kelly Katherine A. , Patel Pious D. , Salwi Sanjana , III Harold N. Lovvorn , Naftel Robert 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
Low socioeconomic status is a determinant of pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) incidence and severity. In this study, the authors used National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS) data to evaluate socioeconomic and health disparities among children hospitalized after TBI.

METHODS
This retrospective study identified pediatric patients aged 0 to 19 years with ICD-9 codes for TBI in the NIS database from 2012 to 2015. Socioeconomic variables included race, sex, age, census region, and median income of the patient residential zip code. Outcomes included mechanism of injury, hospital length of stay (LOS), cost, disposition at discharge, death, and inpatient complications. Multivariate linear regressions in log scale were built for LOS and cost. Logistic regressions were built for death, disposition, and inpatient complications.

RESULTS
African American, Hispanic, and Native American patients experienced longer LOSs (β 0.06, p < 0.001; β 0.03, p = 0.03; β 0.13, p = 0.02, respectively) and increased inpatient costs (β 0.13, p < 0.001; β 0.09, p < 0.001; β 0.14, p = 0.03, respectively). Females showed increased rates of medical complications (OR 1.57, p < 0.001), LOS (β 0.025, p = 0.02), and inpatient costs (p = 0.04). Children aged 15 to 19 years were less likely to be discharged home (OR 3.99, p < 0.001), had increased mortality (OR 1.32, p = 0.03) and medical complications (OR 1.84, p < 0.001), and generated increased costs (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
The study results have demonstrated that racial minorities, females, older children, and children in lower socioeconomic groups were at increased risk of poor outcomes following TBI, including increased LOS, medical complications, mortality, inpatient costs, and worse hospital disposition. Public education and targeted funding for these groups will ensure that all children have equal opportunity for optimal clinical outcomes following TBI.
Baseline parameters and the prediction of treatment failure in patients with intravenous drug use–associated spinal epidural abscesses
Authors: Baum Justin , Viljoen Stephanus V. , Gifford Connor S. , Minnema Amy J. , Shaikhouni Ammar , Grossbach Andrew J. , Nimjee Shahid , Farhadi H. Francis 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVE
Despite the increasing incidence of spinal epidural abscess (SEA), the baseline parameters potentially predictive of treatment failure remain poorly characterized. In this study, the authors identify the relevant baseline parameters that predict multimodal treatment failure in patients with either intravenous drug use (IVDU)–associated SEA or non-IVDU–associated SEA.

METHODS
The authors reviewed the electronic medical records of a large institutional series of consecutive patients with diagnosed SEA between January 2011 and December 2017 to characterize epidemiological trends as well as the complement of baseline measures that are predictive of failure after multimodal treatment in patients with and without concomitant IVDU. The independent impact of clinical and imaging factors in detecting treatment failure was assessed by performing stepwise binary logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS
A total of 324 consecutive patients with diagnosed SEA were identified. Overall, 226 patients (69.8%) had SEA related to other causes and 98 (30.2%) had a history of recent IVDU. While non-IVDU SEA admission rates remained constant, year-over-year admissions of patients with IVDU SEA nearly tripled. At baseline, patients with IVDU SEA were distinct in many respects including younger age, greater unemployment and disability, less frequent diabetes mellitus (DM), and more frequent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. However, differences in length of stay, loss to follow-up, and treatment failure did not reach statistical significance between the groups. The authors constructed independent multivariate logistic regression models for treatment failure based on identified parameters in the two cohorts. For the non-IVDU cohort, the authors identified four variables as independent factors: DM, hepatitis B/C, osteomyelitis, and compression deformity severity. In contrast, for patients with IVDU, the authors identified three variables: albumin, endocarditis, and endplate destruction. Receiver operating characteristic and area under the curve (AUC) analyses were undertaken for the multivariate models predicting the likelihood of treatment failure in the two cohorts (AUC = 0.88 and 0.89, respectively), demonstrating that the derived models could adequately predict the risk of multimodal treatment failure. Treatment failure risk factor point scales were derived for the identified variables separately for both cohorts.

CONCLUSIONS
Patients with IVDU SEA represent a unique population with a distinct set of baseline parameters that predict treatment failure. Identification of relevant prognosticating factors will allow for the design of tailored treatment and follow-up regimens.
PERAN OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN TERHADAP PENGAWASAN LEMBAGA KEUANGAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Arifka Sari Annisa 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan peran Otoritas Jasa Keuangan sebagai lembaga independen dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap lembaga jasa keuangan di Indonesia serta kewenangan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2011 tentang Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Dari hasil penelitian dijelaskan bahwa Otoritas Jasa Keuangan adalah lembaga yang independen dan bebas dari campur tangan pihak lain, yang mempunyai fungsi, tugas, dan wewenang pengaturan, pengawasan, pemeriksaan, dan penyidikan terhadap lembaga jasa keuangan seperti perbankan. Dasar hukum dibentuknya Otoritas Jasa Keuangan adalah Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2011. Secara kelembagaan, Otoritas Jasa Keuangan berada di luar pemerintah, yang dimaknai bahwa Otoritas Jasa Keuangan tidak menjadi bagian dari kekuasaan pemerintah. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan dibentuk dengan tujuan agar keseluruhan kegiatan di dalam sektor jasa keuangan terselenggara secara teratur, adil, transparan, dan akuntabel; mampu mewujudkan sistem keuangan yang tumbuh secara berkelanjutan dan stabil; serta mampu melindungi kepentingan konsumen dan masyarakat. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan bertugas tidak hanya mengatur dan mengawasi perbankan saja, tetapi juga mencakup pasar modal, perasuransian, dana pensiun, lembaga pembiayaan, serta lembaga jasa keuangan lainnya.

THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL SERVICES AUTHORITY ON SUPERVISION OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN INDONESIA
This research aims to explain the role of the Financial Services Authority as an independent institution in supervising financial service institutions in Indonesia as well as the authority of the Financial Services Authority as regulated in Law Number 21 of 2011 concerning the Financial Services Authority. The method used in this research is normative legal research. From the research results, it is explained that the Financial Services Authority is an independent institution and free from interference from other parties, which has the function, task and authority to regulate, supervise, examine and investigate financial service institutions such as banks. The legal basis for the establishment of the Financial Services Authority is Law Number 21 of 2011. Institutionally, the Financial Services Authority is outside the government, which means that the Financial Services Authority is not part of the government's power. The Financial Services Authority was formed with the aim that all activities in the financial services sector are carried out in an orderly, fair, transparent and accountable manner; able to realize a financial system that grows in a sustainable and stable manner; and able to protect the interests of consumers and society. The Financial Services Authority is tasked with not only regulating and supervising banking, but also covering the capital market, insurance, pension funds, financing institutions, and other financial service institutions.
PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP KONSUMEN DALAM PERJANJIAN JUAL BELI PERUMAHAN (STUDI KASUS PUTUSAN PENGADILAN YANG SUDAH INCRAHT)
Authors: Hussein Ahmad 
Published: November 2021

Jual beli merupakan suatu perjanjian dengan mana pihak yang satu (penjual) mengingatkan dirinya untuk menyerahkan suatu kebendaan, dan pihak yang lain (pembeli) untuk membayar harta yang telah dijanjiakan. Namun dalam jual beli khususnya rumah pembeli sering kali dirugikan oleh pihak penjual karena ketidaksesuaian kondisi rumah yang telah dijanjiakn. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perlindugan terhadap konsumen dalam Perjanjian pengikatan jual beli perumahan dan untuk menganalisis akibat hukum terhadap pengikatan jual beli perumahan. Metode yang dipergunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian penulis menerapkan metode berpikir induktif, diketahui bahwa perlindugan terhadap konsumen dalam perjanjian pengikatan jual beli perumahan belum terealisasikan dengan baik karena sebagaimana dijelaskan bahwa sarana perumahan, dan permukiman, maka pihak yang membangun perumahan tersebut wajib menyediakan tempat penyediaan sarana dan prasarana terhadap perumahan. Akibat hukum terhadap pengikatan jual beli perumahan, warga perumahan tersebut dapat menempuh jalur hukum dengan menggugat pelaku usaha dan sekaligus melaporkan pengembang perumahan secara pidana ke Pengadilan.
Sale and purchase is an agreement in which one party (the seller) reminds himself to surrender an object, and the other party (the buyer) pays for the promised property. However, in buying and selling, especially houses, buyers are often harmed by the seller because of the incompatibility of the condition of the house that has been promised. The purpose of this study is to analyze consumer protection in the housing sale and purchase binding agreement and to analyze the legal consequences of the housing sale and purchase agreement. The method used is normative legal research. The results of the research the author applies the inductive thinking method, it is known that the protection of consumers in the housing sale and purchase binding agreement has not been realized properly because as explained that housing and settlement facilities, the party who builds the housing is obliged to provide a place to provide facilities and infrastructure for housing. The legal consequences of binding the sale and purchase of housing, residents of these housing estates can take legal action by suing business actors and at the same time reporting the housing developer criminally to the Court.