bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Provincialising American Capitalism: From Universal Instance to Contingent Case
Authors: Omstedt Mikael 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article draws on theories of uneven development to deconstruct a set of universalising assumptions in the critique of American capitalism. While these theories have called for more relational understandings of capitalism, there is a tendency to naturalise the United States as an instance of universal capitalist relations. Engaging such diverse thinkers as Paul Baran and Paul Sweezy, Michel Aglietta, and Cedric Robinson, the article identifies three recurrent universals, including: (1) abstraction from the US as the most “advanced” capitalist formation; (2) assumption of American capitalism as developing in a particularly “pure” state; and (3) subsumption of the dynamics of American capitalism under universal logics. Reading these against the methodological principles of Uneven and Combined Development, the article argues for provincialising the capitalist formation that appears the most “complete”.
First experience using the Senhance surgical system in laparoscopic local gastrectomy for gastrointestinal stromal tumor
Authors: Sugita Hirofumi , Sakuramoto Shinichi , Aoyama Junya , Ito Sunao , Oya Shuichiro , Watanabe Kenji , Fujiwara Naoto , Kondo Hiroka , Miyawaki Yutaka , Hirano Yasumitsu , Sato Hiroshi , Yamaguchi Shigeki , Koyama Isamu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractVarious innovative robotic systems have been developed to improve surgery precision. The Senhance Surgical System (SSS) is a digital laparoscopic system offering eye tracking and haptic feedback. Several reports have described application of the SSS to general surgeries, including cholecystectomy and colectomy. However, use of the SSS for gastric tumor has not been reported. We experienced a case of laparoscopic local gastrectomy (LLG) for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) with the SSS. A 74‐year‐old man diagnosed with GIST underwent LLG with the SSS. Operation, docking, and console times were 117, 11, and 59 minutes, respectively. No perioperative complications were encountered. This study is the first to report LLG for GIST with the SSS. LLG with the SSS was safe and feasible. The SSS can use reusable forceps and contribute to reducing medical costs. The development of instruments is also progressing, and various kinds of surgery are likely to be indicated.
Measuring prescription opioid misuse and its consequences
Authors: Dart Richard C. , Iwanicki Janetta L. , Black Joshua C. , Olsen Heather A. , Severtson Stevan G. 
Published: February 2021

AimsPrescription drug misuse in the USA increased during the 1990s to 2010. The epidemic stimulated the need new analytical strategies and techniques to understand the medications involved, user characteristics and other factors needed to address the epidemic.MethodsA strategy of mosaic surveillance has evolved. Using real world evidence, the goal is to paint a more complete profile of a drug's real world misuse using triangulation—integrating results from multiple sources, where each approach has unrelated sources of bias.ResultsResearch findings have been remarkably consistent across multiple data sources. The most commonly misused opioid medications: hydrocodone = oxycodone > methadone = buprenorphine = tramadol = fentanyl (prescription form) > morphine > hydromorphone = oxymorphone > tapentadol. This rank order is similar to the number of prescriptions dispensed for each product in the USA. In the USA, prescription opioid misuse started to decrease about 2011. Typically, multiple drugs are misused together, particularly in lethal cases. Immediate release formulations are more commonly misused than extended release formulations. The introduction of tamper resistant formulations to resist crushing were followed by a decrease in misuse of those products.ConclusionsThe rapid expansion of opioid prescribing was accompanied by increasing misuse and mortality. Interventions such as prescription drug monitoring programmes, increased law enforcement and abuse deterrent formulations have been followed by decreases in misuse of most opioid analgesics.
Dysregulation of the centrosome induced by BRCA1 deficiency contributes to tissue‐specific carcinogenesis
Authors: Yoshino Yuki , Fang Zhenzhou , Qi Huicheng , Kobayashi Akihiro , Chiba Natsuko 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlterations in breast cancer gene 1 (BRCA1), a tumor suppressor gene, increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancers. BRCA1 forms a heterodimer with BRCA1‐associated RING domain protein 1 (BARD1) and functions in multiple cellular processes, including DNA repair and centrosome regulation. BRCA1 acts as a tumor suppressor by promoting homologous recombination (HR) repair, and alterations in BRCA1 cause HR deficiency, not only in breast and ovarian tissues but also in other tissues. The molecular mechanisms underlying BRCA1 alteration‐induced carcinogenesis remain unclear. Centrosomes are the major microtubule‐organizing centers and function in bipolar spindle formation. The regulation of centrosome number is critical for chromosome segregation in mitosis, which maintains genomic stability. BRCA1/BARD1 function in centrosome regulation together with Obg‐like ATPase (OLA1) and receptor for activating protein C kinase 1 (RACK1). Cancer‐derived variants of BRCA1, BARD1, OLA1, and RACK1 do not interact, and aberrant expression of these proteins results in abnormal centrosome duplication in mammary‐derived cells, and rarely in other cell types. RACK1 is involved in centriole duplication in the S phase by promoting polo‐like kinase 1 activation by Aurora A, which is critical for centrosome duplication. Centriole number is higher in cells derived from mammary tissues compared with in those derived from other tissues, suggesting that tissue‐specific centrosome characterization may shed light on the tissue specificity of BRCA1‐associated carcinogenesis. Here, we explored the role of the BRCA1‐containing complex in centrosome regulation and the effect of its deficiency on tissue‐specific carcinogenesis.
Improving clinical interpretation of five KRIT1 and PDCD10 intronic variants
Authors: Fusco Carmela , Nardella Grazia , Petracca Antonio , Ronchi Dario , Paciello Nicola , Di Giacomo Marilena , Gambardella Stefano , Lanfranconi Silvia , Zampatti Stefania , D'Agruma Leonardo , Micale Lucia , Castori Marco 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a vascular malformation of the central nervous system which may occur sporadically or segregate within families due to heterozygous variants in KRIT1/CCM1, MGC4607/CCM2 or PDCD10/CCM3. Intronic variants are not uncommon in familial CCM, but their clinical interpretation is often hampered by insufficient data supporting in silico predictions. Here, the mRNA analysis for two intronic unpublished variants (KRIT1 c.1147‐7 T > G and PDCD10 c.395 + 2 T > G) and three previously published variants in KRIT1 but without data supporting their effects was carried out. This study demonstrated that all variants can induce a frameshift with the lack of residues located in the C‐terminal regions and involved in protein–protein complex formation, which is essential for vascular homeostasis. These results support the introduction of mRNA analysis in the diagnostic pathway of familial CCM and expand the knowledge of abnormal splicing patterning in this disorder.
Shall we exclude parapsoriasis from the medical vocabulary?
Authors: Xavier José Cândido Caldeira , Ocanha‐Xavier Juliana Polizel , Marques Mariângela Esther Alencar 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSince the first description of parapsoriasis more than 100 years ago, parapsoriasis has been a questionable condition and occasionally considered a precursor of cutaneous lymphoma. The name “parapsoriasis” is related to a heterogenous group of diseases that show a distinct clinical presentation; however, the histopathological criteria are not strongly specific. Pathologists do not consider parapsoriasis as a possible histopathological diagnosis, but dermatologists use the term as clinical hypothesis. We aim to provide an historical review of parapsoriasis focusing on histopathological criteria, considering its possible relation with cutaneous skin lymphoma, based on articles from PubMed and standard dermatopathological books. Parapsoriasis does not have well‐defined histopathological criteria, so its use should be avoided. Being aware of parapsoriasis complexity, a consensus meeting can help to create a guideline regarding this topic.
COVID‐19 and breast fine needle aspiration cytology method: What should we change?
Authors: Nicosia Luca , Bozzini Anna Carla , Latronico Antuono , Addante Francesca , Mastropasqua Mauro Giuseppe , Meneghetti Lorenza , Mauri Giovanni , De Fiori Elvio , Montesano Marta , Di Tonno Clementina , Midolo De Luca Valeria , Casadio Chiara , Cassano Enrico 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionAir‐dried slide preparation for fine needle aspiration cytology procedures is currently considered unsafe because of the risk of infectious aerosols of coronavirus 19. This study compares the safety and accuracy of two different protocols, one with and one without air‐dried slides.MethodsStarting from 3 March 2020, we discontinued the use of air‐dried slides during breast fine needle aspiration procedures. We selected cases collected during two periods: 2 months before and 2 months after 3 March. In both groups, the number of procedures was recorded together with the distribution of the diagnostic categories and the concordance between cytological and histological results on surgical specimens for lesions suggestive of malignancy, using the chi‐squared test.ResultsOf the 100 procedures performed during the pre‐COVID‐19 period, 55% were negative (C2), 3% were non‐diagnostic (C1) and 40% were positive (C4 or C5). Of the 75 procedures obtained during the COVID‐19 period, 44% were negative (C2), 2.7% were non‐diagnostic (C1) and 52% were positive (C4 or C5). Despite the use of a new protocol during the COVID‐19 period, we observed concordance between cytological and histological results for lesions suggestive of malignancy. There was no statistically significant difference concerning the distribution of the diagnostic categories in the two groups.ConclusionsTaking into account the slightly lower number of procedures being analysed during the COVID‐19 period, the introduction of a new protocol that does not include air‐dried slides is safe and reliable.
Metformin and carotid intima‐media thickness in never‐smokers with type 1 diabetes: The REMOVAL trial
Authors: Timmons Joseph G. , Greenlaw Nicola , Boyle James G. , Chaturvedi Nish , Ford Ian , Brouwers Martijn C. G. J. , Tillin Therese , Hramiak Irene , Hughes Alun D. , Jenkins Alicia J. , Klein Barbara E. K. , Klein Ron , Ooi Teik C. , Rossing Peter , Stehouwer Coen D. A. , Sattar Naveed , Colhoun Helen M. , Petrie John R. ,   for the REMOVAL Study Group
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimTo determine whether metformin's effects on carotid artery intima‐media thickness (cIMT) in type 1 diabetes differ according to smoking status.MethodsRegression model effect estimates for the effect of metformin versus placebo (double‐blind) on carotid IMT were calculated as a subgroup analysis of the REMOVAL trial.ResultsIn 428 randomized participants (227 never‐smokers, 201 ever‐smokers), averaged mean carotid IMT progression (per year) was reduced by metformin versus placebo in never‐smokers (−0.012 mm, 95% CI −0.021 to −0.002; p = .0137) but not in ever‐smokers (0.003 mm, 95% CI −0.008 to 0.014; p = .5767); and similarly in non‐current smokers (−0.008 mm, 95% CI −0.015 to −0.00001; p = .0497) but not in current smokers (0.013 mm, 95% CI −0.007 to 0.032; p = .1887). Three‐way interaction terms (treatment*time*smoking status) were significant for never versus ever smoking (p = .0373, prespecified) and non‐current versus current smoking (p = .0496, exploratory). Averaged maximal carotid IMT progression (per year) was reduced by metformin versus placebo in never‐smokers (−0.020 mm, 95% CI −0.034 to −0.006; p = .0067) but not in ever‐smokers (−0.006 mm, 95% CI −0.020 to 0.008; p = .4067), although this analysis was not supported by a significant three‐way interaction term.ConclusionsThis subgroup analysis of the REMOVAL trial provides additional support for a potentially wider role of adjunct metformin therapy in cardiovascular risk management in type 1 diabetes, particularly for individuals who have never smoked cigarettes.
Variability in estimated glomerular filtration rate and the risk of major clinical outcomes in diabetes: Post hoc analysis from the ADVANCE trial
Authors: Jun Min , Harris Katie , Heerspink Hiddo J. L. , Badve Sunil V. , Jardine Meg J. , Harrap Stephen , Hamet Pavel , Marre Michel , Poulter Neil , Kotwal Sradha , Gallagher Martin , Perkovic Vlado , Chalmers John , Woodward Mark ,   ADVANCE Collaborative Group
Published: February 2021

AbstractThere are limited data on whether estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) variability modifies the risk of future clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes (T2D). We assessed the association between 20‐month eGFR variability and the risk of major clinical outcomes in T2D among 8241 participants in the ADVANCE trial. Variability in eGFR (coefficient of variation [CVeGFR]) was calculated from three serum creatinine measurements over 20 months. Participants were classified into three groups by thirds of CVeGFR: low (≤6.4; reference), moderate (>6.4 to ≤12.1) and high (>12.1). The primary outcome was the composite of major macrovascular events, new or worsening nephropathy and all‐cause mortality. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs). Over a median follow‐up of 2.9 years following the 20‐month period, 932 (11.3%) primary outcomes were recorded. Compared with low variability, greater 20‐month eGFR variability was independently associated with higher risk of the primary outcome (HR for moderate and high variability: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.91–1.27 and 1.22, 95% CI: 1.03–1.45, respectively) with evidence of a positive linear trend (p = .015). These data indicate that eGFR variability predict changes in the risk of major clinical outcomes in T2D.
Lower risk of death and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes initiating glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists or sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors: A real‐world study in two Italian cohorts
Authors: Baviera Marta , Genovese Stefano , Lepore Vito , Colacioppo Pierluca , Robusto Fabio , Tettamanti Mauro , D'Ettorre Antonio , Avanzini Fausto , Fortino Ida , Nicolucci Antonio , Roncaglioni Maria C. , Giorgino Francesco 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimTo examine the efficacy and safety of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) and sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors compared with other antihyperglycaemic agents (AHAs) in large and unselected populations of the Lombardy and Apulia regions in Italy.Materials and MethodsAn observational cohort study of first‐time users of GLP‐1RAs, SGLT2 inhibitors or other AHAs was conducted from 2010 to 2018. Death and cardiovascular (CV) events were evaluated using conditional Cox models in propensity‐score‐matched populations. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for each region and in a meta‐analysis for pooled risks.ResultsAfter propensity‐score matching, the Lombardy cohort included 18 716 and 11 683 patients and the Apulia cohort 9772 and 6046 patients for the GLP‐1RA and SGLT2 inhibitor groups, respectively. Use of GLP‐1RAs was associated with lower rates of death (HR 0.61, CI 0.56‐0.65, Lombardy; HR 0.63, CI 0.55‐0.71, Apulia), cerebrovascular disease and ischaemic stroke (HR 0.70, CI 0.63‐0.79; HR 0.72, CI 0.60‐0.87, Lombardy), peripheral vascular disease (HR 0.72, CI 0.64‐0.82, Lombardy; HR 0.80, CI 0.67‐0.98, Apulia), and lower limb complications (HR 0.67, CI 0.56‐0.81, Lombardy; HR 0.69, CI 0.51‐0.93, Apulia). Compared with other AHAs, SGLT2 inhibitor use decreased the risk of death (HR 0.47, CI 0.40‐0.54, Lombardy; HR 0.43, CI 0.32‐0.57, Apulia), cerebrovascular disease (HR 0.75, CI 0.61‐0.91, Lombardy; HR 0.72, CI 0.54‐0.96, Apulia), and heart failure (HR 0.56, CI 0.46‐0.70, Lombardy; HR 0.57, CI 0.42‐0.77, Apulia). In the pooled cohorts, a reduction in heart failure was also observed with GLP‐1RAs (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.82‐0.97). Serious adverse events were quite low in frequency.ConclusionOur findings from real‐world practice confirm the favourable effect of GLP‐1RAs and SGLT2 inhibitors on death and CV outcomes across both regions consistently. Thus, these drug classes should be preferentially considered in a broad type 2 diabetes population beyond those with CV disease.
Nanoparticles as potential external markers for mark–release–recapture studies on Tribolium castaneum
Authors: Gurdasani Komal , Li Li , Rafter Michelle A. , Daglish Gregory J. , Walter Gimme H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractStudies of insect movement are hampered by the small size of insects and the associated difficulty in tracking them in the environment. We tested the potential of quantum dots (QDs) to mark large numbers of insects very quickly. Our results demonstrate that green CdTe (cadmium tellurium) QDs were effective markers in the laboratory and can be applied to large numbers of insects very easily. Successful recaptures in the field demonstrate that QDs have great potential as external markers.
Beyond nitrogen: phosphorus – estimating the minimum niche dimensionality for resource competition between phytoplankton
Authors: Hofmann Peter , Clark Adam , Hoffmann Petra , Chatzinotas Antonis , Harpole W. Stanley , Dunker Susanne 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe niche dimensionality required for coexistence is often discussed in terms of the number of limiting resources. N and P limitation are benchmarks for studying phytoplankton interactions. However, it is generally agreed that limitation by small numbers of resources cannot explain the high phytoplankton diversity observed in nature. Here, we parameterised resource competition models using experimental data for six phytoplankton species grown in monoculture with nine potential limiting resources. We tested predicted species biomass from these models against observations in two‐species experimental mixtures. Uptake rates were similar across species, following the classic Redfield ratio. Model accuracy levelled out at around three to five resources suggesting the minimum dimensionality of this system. The models included the resources Fe, Mg, Na and S. Models including only N and P always performed poorly. These results suggest that high‐dimensional information about resource limitation despite stoichiometric constraints may be needed to accurately predict community assembly.
Nasolabial cyst in an elderly patient: A case report
Authors: Rodrigues Bruno Teixeira Gonçalves , Fischer Ashley , Romañach Mário José , de Andrade Bruno Augusto Benevenuto , de Almeida Freire Nathália , Israel Mônica Simões 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionNasolabial Cyst (NC) or Klestadt's cyst is a relatively rare soft tissue developmental lesion of nasal alar region accounting for 0.7% of all non‐odontogenic cysts. NC usually presents as an asymptomatic swelling located in the anterior region of the maxilla lateral to midline—resulting in obliteration of nasolabial sulcus, nasal vestibule and maxillary labial sulcus and facial asymmetry—often observed on early stages by most patients due to cosmetics issues.Case reportA 76‐year‐old woman was referred for evaluation of an asymptomatic facial swelling in the left upper lip region lasting 20 years. Extraoral clinical examination showed a left‐sided swelling lateral to midline near to the alar base resulting in facial asymmetry. Intraoral clinical examination revealed the presence of a single painless well‐defined nodular, sessile, non‐tender swelling covered by normal oral mucosa, and located in the upper labial mucosa in the left incisor's region. An excisional biopsy was performed, and microscopic examination revealed a cystic cavity lined by cuboidal to columnar epithelium with mucous cells. The underlying connective tissue showed chronic inflammatory infiltrate close to muscular tissue. Patient recovery was uneventful, and there are no signs of local recurrence in a 2‐year clinical follow‐up.ConclusionClinicians should consider NC when evaluating an upper lip swelling extending to the nasolabial region of the elders.
Fashioning founders: Dress and gender in the entrepreneurial ecosystem
Authors: Richards Harriette , Mattioli Fabio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article considers how entrepreneurs' fashion themselves as founders. Based on ethnographic research conducted in Australia, we discuss whether the informal dress codes of the startup world neutralize gender differences. Our findings suggest that informal dress codes reinforce the normative positionality of men as archetypal entrepreneurial actors. They reinscribe gendered hierarchies that affect the everyday entrepreneurial experience, and extend distinctly different allowances for nonconformity and unconventionality to men and women. Founders attempt to inhabit these gendered inequalities, performing a kind of esthetic labor that mobilizes their appearances to play into as well as counter the gendered expectations of the ecosystem and extract value from their personal and professional fashioning.
Quantifying the impact of braiding and combing on the integrity of natural African hair
Authors: Molamodi Kwezikazi , Fajuyigbe Damilola , Sewraj Poonam , Gichuri Julia , Sijako Babalwa , Galliano Anthony , Laurent Alice 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundAfro hair breakage is most commonly attributed to grooming practices such as braiding, hair extensions and weaves, both for chemically treated hair and natural Afro hair. These grooming practices are also frequently associated with traction alopecia in clinical studies. However, there is little to no quantitative scientific data on the surface and internal hair fibre damage caused by grooming, including combing, on Afro hair.MethodsQualitative and quantitative techniques such as scanning electron microscopy, cuticle cohesion and tensile testing were used to determine the effects of frequent braiding on the integrity of female Afro hair in 15 frequent braiders and 15 occasional braiders (control group) in Johannesburg, South Africa. Frequent braiders were women who braided more than 8 times per year, while occasional braiders typically limit braiding to only twice 2 per year. The severity of traction alopecia was quantified in both groups using the standard Marginal Traction Alopecia Scoring system. Surface damage on naturally curly Afro hair, that was combed but not braided, was assessed as another hairstyle option.ResultsAll measurements showed a relationship between surface and internal hair fibre damage and braiding frequency. Frequent braiders had thinner hair, with more cuticle damage as shown by SEM and cuticle cohesion assessments. Their hair fibres were also significantly weaker (p < 0.05), as shown by the tensile testing. In addition, they also had higher traction alopecia severity scores. In the combing impact assessment, a linear trend was observed between surface hair fibre damage and the number of combing strokes. Cuticle damage from 480 combing strokes was more severe than that from frequent braiding.ConclusionFrequent braiding and combing damage natural Afro hair. Quantification of damage caused by different grooming practices identifies a need to develop products that could help mitigate specific hair damage associated with grooming practices. The degree of damage and subsequent hair loss could also be minimized by education on best braiding practices to protect the hair fibre and avoid hair follicle miniaturization caused by high traction hairstyles.