bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation Analysis of Roughness Surface Height Distribution Parameters and Maximum Mises Stress
Authors: Yang Duo , Wang Qibo , Tang Jinyuan , Xia Fujia , Zhou Wei , Wen Yuqin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Roughness surfaces contact analysis is an advanced research topic in interface design. The 3D rough surface amplitude distribution characterized by height distribution parameters(Sq (root mean square), Ssk (skewness), Sku (kurtosis)) has a great influence on the extreme value and distribution of the interface contact stress. However, the relationship between height distribution parameters and surface maximum mises stress (σmax) is still unclear and lacks of in-depth study. With the assistance of roughness surface reconstruction and contact stress algorithm proposed by the research group, σmax under a large sample was calculated and used as the data support for correlation analysis. Through BP neural network, global sensitivity qualitative (Morris) and quantitative (Sobol) analysis methods, the relationship between Sq, Ssk, Sku and σmax under different loads is studied. Based on complete polynomial and permutation combination method, the optimal correlation model between height distribution parameters and σmax was established, and particle swarm algorithm was introduced to analyze σmax extreme values under different Sq. The results show that: (1) Under different loads, the order about height distribution parameters influence on surface contact stress is: Sq> Ssk > Sku, and as the load increases, the influence of Ssk and Sku gradually decreases. (2) In different roughness surfaces, the influence of Ssk and Sku on the contact performance is significantly full of discrepancy. The research results provide reference and technical support for active design of rough surface microstructure to improved contact performance.
Light-sheet photonic force optical coherence elastography for high-throughput quantitative 3D micromechanical imaging
Authors: Lin Yuechuan , Leartprapun Nichaluk , Luo Justin , Adie Steven 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Microscale mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and dynamic cell-ECM interactions play an important role in pathophysiological processes, including the onset, progression, and attenuation of disease. The ability to quantitatively image cell-mediated micromechanical dynamics of the ECM in physiologically relevant 3D engineered cellular systems can significantly enhance the clinical translational potential of fundamental discoveries in the rapidly growing field of mechanobiology. However, it remains a challenge for current mechanical characterization methods to combine quantitative 3D imaging of ECM mechanics with cellular-scale resolution and dynamic monitoring of cell‑mediated changes to pericellular viscoelasticity. Here, we present light-sheet photonic force optical coherence elastography (LS-pfOCE) to address this challenge by leveraging a light-sheet for parallelized, non-invasive, and localized mechanical loading. We demonstrate the capabilities of LS-pfOCE by imaging the micromechanical heterogeneity of fibrous 3D collagen matrices and perform a live-cell study to image micromechanical heterogeneity induced by NIH-3T3 cells seeded in 3D fibrin constructs. We also show that LS-pfOCE is able to quantify temporal variations in pericellular viscoelasticity in response to drug-induced altered cellular activity. By providing access to 4D spatiotemporal variations in the micromechanical properties of 3D biopolymer constructs and engineered cellular systems, LS‑pfOCE has the potential to drive new discoveries in mechanobiology and contribute to the development of novel biomechanics-based clinical diagnostics and therapies.
Effects of a Cylinder Liner Microstructure on Lubrication Condition of a Twin-Land Oil Control Ring and a Piston Skirt of an Internal Combustion Engine
Authors: Kikuhara Koji , Koeser Philipp S , Tian Tian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
It is hypothesized that the sliding surface structures improve the lubrication condition by forming an oil sump on the sliding surface, redistributing the oil, and trapping wear debris. For these reasons, the sliding surface structures have been used as a friction reduction method for a long time. However, how to optimize the sliding surface structure is still controversial. In this work, effects of microstructure laid on the cylinder liner of an internal combustion engine on twin-land oil control ring (TLOCR) and piston skirt lubrication condition were investigated by comparing friction between the conventional fine-honed liner (CFL) and the microstructured liner (MSL) which was made based on the CFL. As a result of the friction measurement using a floating liner engine, it was found that the microstructure improved lubrication condition by reducing hydrodynamic friction. On the other hand, the result showed there was a possibility that the microstructure deteriorated friction depending on the engine operating conditions.
CircN4bp1 Facilitates Sepsis-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Through Mediating Macrophage Polarization via the miR-138-5p/EZH2 Axis
Authors: Zhao Dongyang , Wang Chunxue , Liu Xiandong , Liu Na , Zhuang Shougang , Zhang Qianqian , Bao Xiaowei , Xu Shumin , Zhou Xiaohui , Meng Qinshu , Li Shao , Tang Lunxian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
We recently reported the differential circRNAs expression patterns of the pulmonary macrophages in sepsis induced ARDS mice model by microarray analysis; However, their function and hidden molecular mechanism in regulation of macrophage activation and inflammation remains poorly understood.
Methods
In this study, serum were obtained from ARDS patients post sepsis and control subjects. Mice were subjected to Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) surgery and intravenously injected with si-circN4bp1 plasmid transfected macrophages. Raw264.7 cells and MH-S cells were transfected with circN4bp1 overexpression or silence vectors and then polarized as M1 or M2 macrophages in vitro.
Results
We firstly examined the quantitative expression and localization of circN4bp1 in macrophages by Real-time PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and found that circN4bp1 was overexpressed in PBMC and monocytes and its expression levels were correlated with a poor prognosis in ARDS patients induced by sepsis. In CLP-induced ARDS mice, we demonstrated that knockdown of circN4bp1 inhibited the lung injury and inflammatory cytokine release, and improved the long-time survival through blunting the M1 macrophage activation. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis predicated a circN4bp1/miR-138-5p ceRNA network, which was confirmed by Luciferase reporter assay and RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP). In vitro experiments, we indicated that circN4bp1 affected macrophage differentiation by binding to miR-138-5p, thus regulating the expression of EZH2. Lastly, we found that the m6A level of circN4bp1 was elevated in ARDS mice; inhibition of m6A methyltransferases METTL3 blocked this response in vitro.
Conclusions
These data suggest that circN4bp1 can function as a miR-138-5p sponge for the regulation of macrophage polarization and may serve as a potential target and/or prognostic marker for ARDS patients following sepsis.
The Dark Halo Technique in the Oeuvre of Michael Sweerts and Other Flemish and Dutch Baroque Painters. A 17th C. Empirical Solution to Mitigate the Optical ‘Simultaneous Contrast’ Effect?
Authors: Derks Kirsten , Snickt Geert Van der , Legrand Stijn , Stighelen Katlijne Van der , Janssens Koen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Although the topic is rarely addressed in literature, a significant number of baroque paintings exhibit dark, halo-like shapes around the contours of the dramatis personae. Close examination of both finished and unfinished works suggests that this intriguing feature was a practical tool that helped the artist in the early painting stages. When applying the final brushwork, the halo lost its function, with some artists undertaking efforts to hide it. Although their visibility might not have been intended by the artists, today this dark paint beneath the surface is partially visible through the upper paint layers. Moreover, the disclosure of many halos using infrared photography (IRP), infrared reflectography (IRR) and macro X-ray fluorescence imaging (MA- XRF), additional to those that can be observed visually, suggests that this was a common and established element of 17th -century painting practice in Western Europe. Building on an existing hypothesis, we argue that halos can be considered as a solution to an optical problem that arose when baroque painters reversed the traditional, 15th - and 16th -century painting sequence of working from background to foreground. Instead, they started with the dominant parts of a composition, such as the face of a sitter. In that case, a temporary halo can provide the essential tonal reference to anticipate the chromatic impact of the final dark colored background on the adjacent delicate carnations. In particular, we attempt to clarify the prevalence of dark halos as a response to optical effects such as ‘simultaneous contrast’ and ‘the crispening effect’, described in literature only centuries later. As such, the recently termed ‘ring condition’ can be seen as the present-day equivalent of the ‘halo solution’ that was seemingly empirically or intuitively developed by 17th -century artists. Modern optics proves that by laying a black ring around a target color, the optical impact of a surrounding color can be efficiently neutralized. Finally, by delving into works by Michael Sweerts, it becomes clear that resourceful artists might have adapted the halo technique and the underlying principles to their individual challenges, such as dealing with differently colored grounds.
Effects of Aquaculture on the Shallow Lake Aquatic Ecological Environment of Lake Datong, China
Authors: Hu Wen , Li Chun-hua , Ye Chun , Chen Hong-sen , Liu Xiao-shou , Xu Jun , Dong Xu-hui , Li Deliang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Lake Datong has undergone several stages of aquaculture from 1980 to 2017, with a rapid increase in fish production and inorganic fertilizer supplementation at every stage. Its water quality has been deteriorating since the introduction of aquaculture. The major pollutants are total phosphorus and total nitrogen, and the lake displays moderate eutrophication. In the present study, we used historical hydrobiont data, diatom inferred-total phosphorous (DI-TP) data, and an Ecopath model to explore the effects of aquaculture on the shallow lake aquatic ecological environment.Results: According to the DI-TP data, before 1930, Lake Datong was in a mesotrophic state (50–60 μg/L DI-TP). Between 1930 and 1980, the number of nutrient-tolerant species increased slightly, which indicates an increase in nutrient enrichment in the lake (66–83 μg/L DI-TP). From the 1980s to 2010 and especially since 2000, eutrophication increased rapidly, with eutrophic species dominating the diatom assemblage. The annual average DI-TP concentration was 202 μg/L. After 2010, the nutritional level dropped to 127–152 μg/L DI-TP. In 2019, consumer biomass in Lake Datong was relatively low, and biomass of submerged hydrophytes was relatively high, indicating that a high amount of primary produce could not be exploited by consumers and therefore, could not enter the food web. This led to reduction in the energy transfer efficiency (TE) of the ecosystem. Therefore, aquatic ecology management plans ought to be formulated in future, with focus on removing macrophytes, stocking herbivorous and omnivorous fish.Conclusions: Lake Datong has experienced four stages of nutritional succession following the introduction of aquaculture activities. Its aquatic ecological environment has experienced dramatic changes in the composition and biomass of its aquatic life. The Ecopath model illustrated the instability of the lake’s ecological environment. Owing to low consumer biomass and high submerged macrophyte biomass, a substantial quantity of primary produce remained unused by consumers. It was therefore, unable to enter the food web and led to reduction in the energy TE of the ecosystem. Our results provide important reference values and theoretical support for decision-makers and stakeholders in the subsequent management of similar shallow lake water ecosystems.
Drug-Induced QTc Prolongation: What We Know and Where We Are Going
Authors: Mangona Erinn , Sandonato Elisa , Brothers Todd N. , Pawasauskas Jayne 
Published: September 2021

:
Drug-induced QTc prolongation is a concerning electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormality.
This cardiac disturbance carries a 10% risk of sudden cardiac death due to the malignant arrhythmia,
Torsades de Pointes. The Arizona Center for Education and Research on Therapeutics
(AzCERT) has classified QTc prolonging therapeutic classes, such as antiarrhythmics, antipsychotics,
anti-infectives, and others. AzCERT criteria categorize medications into three risk categories:
“known,” “possible,” and “conditional risk” of QTc prolongation and Torsades de Pointes.
The list of QTc prolonging medications continues to expand as new drug classes are approved and
studied. Risk factors for QTc prolongation can be delineated into modifiable or non-modifiable. A
validated risk scoring tool may be utilized to predict the likelihood of prolongation in patients receiving
AzCERT classified medication. The resultant risk score may be applied to a clinical decision
support system, which offers mitigation strategies. Mitigation strategies including discontinuation
of possible offending agents with a selection of an alternative agent, assessment of potential
drug interactions or dose adjustments through pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic monitoring,
and initiation of both ECG and electrolyte monitoring are essential to prevent a drug-induced arrhythmia.
The challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic have led to the development of innovative
continuous monitoring technology, increasing protection for both patients and healthcare
workers. Early intervention strategies may reduce adverse events and improve clinical outcomes in
patients identified to be at risk of QTc prolongation.
Policy Communication and the Solidity of the Jokowi's Second Term Coalition in Handling Covid-19
Authors: Sirait Ferdinand Eskol Tiar 
Published: September 2021

Abstract:	The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, which has had a major impact on people's lives, has prompted the president and his cabinet members to respond with various policy stimuli. This study wants to see the solidity of the president's assistants in responding to President Jokowi's general policies in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic and analyze the causes of the ineffectiveness of policies taken with an applied communication approach the policy field. By using the literature study method, this research finds that the implementation of policies made by the president's assistants is not in line with the wishes of the president as the Head of Government. This is probably due to the political power dynamics contained in the Jokowi's second term coalition members. In addition, the interests of coalition members may impact the process and decision-making of a policy. The results of this study recommend that the government strengthen the role of the structure in charge of managing and ensuring that the policies taken by the president's assistants in handling Covid-19 are in line with the president's wishes. Furthermore, it is necessary to communicate the policy to all stakeholders involved in the policy process so that the policies taken in handling Covid-19 do not represent the political interests of coalition members. In addition, to maintain the solidity of the coalition cabinet in handling Covid-19, the positions of cabinet members involved in the policy implementation process must submit to the power of the President as Head of Government.
Chatbot for Health Care and Oncology Applications Using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Systematic Review
Authors: Xu Lu , Sanders Leslie , Li Kay , Chow James C L 
Published: September 2021

Background
Chatbot is a timely topic applied in various fields, including medicine and health care, for human-like knowledge transfer and communication. Machine learning, a subset of artificial intelligence, has been proven particularly applicable in health care, with the ability for complex dialog management and conversational flexibility.

Objective
This review article aims to report on the recent advances and current trends in chatbot technology in medicine. A brief historical overview, along with the developmental progress and design characteristics, is first introduced. The focus will be on cancer therapy, with in-depth discussions and examples of diagnosis, treatment, monitoring, patient support, workflow efficiency, and health promotion. In addition, this paper will explore the limitations and areas of concern, highlighting ethical, moral, security, technical, and regulatory standards and evaluation issues to explain the hesitancy in implementation.

Methods
A search of the literature published in the past 20 years was conducted using the IEEE Xplore, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and OVID databases. The screening of chatbots was guided by the open-access Botlist directory for health care components and further divided according to the following criteria: diagnosis, treatment, monitoring, support, workflow, and health promotion.

Results
Even after addressing these issues and establishing the safety or efficacy of chatbots, human elements in health care will not be replaceable. Therefore, chatbots have the potential to be integrated into clinical practice by working alongside health practitioners to reduce costs, refine workflow efficiencies, and improve patient outcomes. Other applications in pandemic support, global health, and education are yet to be fully explored.

Conclusions
Further research and interdisciplinary collaboration could advance this technology to dramatically improve the quality of care for patients, rebalance the workload for clinicians, and revolutionize the practice of medicine.
Preferences for Using a Mobile App in Sickle Cell Disease Self-management: Descriptive Qualitative Study
Authors: Mayo-Gamble Tilicia L , Quasie-Woode Delores , Cunningham-Erves Jennifer , Rollins Margo , Schlundt David , Bonnet Kemberlee , Murry Velma McBride 
Published: September 2021

Background
Individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) and their caregivers may benefit from technology-based resources to improve disease self-management.

Objective
This study explores the preferences regarding a mobile health (mHealth) app to facilitate self-management in adults with SCD and their caregivers living in urban and rural communities.

Methods
Five community listening sessions were conducted in 2 urban and rural communities among adults with SCD and their caregivers (N=43). Each session comprised 4 to 15 participants. Participants were asked questions on methods of finding information about SCD self-care, satisfaction with current methods for finding SCD management information, support for SCD management, important features for development of an mHealth app, and areas of benefit for using an mHealth app for SCD self-management. An inductive-deductive content analysis approach was implemented to identify the critical themes.

Results
Seven critical themes emerged, including the current methods for receiving self-management information, desired information, recommendations for communicating sickle cell self-management information, challenges of disease management, types of support received for disease management, barriers to and facilitators of using an mHealth app, and feature preferences for an mHealth app. In addition, we found that the participants were receptive to using mHealth apps in SCD self-management.

Conclusions
This study expands our knowledge on the use of mHealth technology to reduce information access barriers pertaining to SCD. The findings can be used to develop a patient-centered, user-friendly mHealth app to facilitate disease self-management, thus increasing access to resources for families of patients with SCD residing in rural communities.
Health-Related Quality of Life Among Pregnant Women With Pre-pregnancy Smoking and Smoking Cessation During Pregnancy in China: National Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Hu Kadi , Zou Shiqian , Zhang Casper JP , Wu Huailiang , Akinwunmi Babatunde , Wang Zilian , Ming Wai-Kit 
Published: September 2021

Background
Previous studies have hardly explored the influence of pre-pregnancy smoking and smoking cessation during pregnancy on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of pregnant women, which is a topic that need to be addressed. In addition, pregnant women in China constitute a big population in the largest developing country of the world and cannot be neglected.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the HRQoL of pregnant women in China with different smoking statuses and further estimate the association between pre-pregnancy smoking, smoking cessation, and the HRQoL.

Methods
A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the association between different smoking statuses (smoking currently, quit smoking, never smoking) and the HRQoL in pregnant women across mainland China. A web-based questionnaire was delivered through the Banmi Online Maternity School platform, including questions about demographics, smoking status, and the HRQoL. EuroQoL Group’s 5-dimension 5-level (EQ-5D-5L) scale with EuroQoL Group’s visual analog scale (EQ-VAS) was used for measuring the HRQoL. Ethical approval was granted by the institutional review board of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University (ICE-2017-296).

Results
From August to September 2019, a total of 16,483 participants from 31 provinces were included, of which 93 (0.56%) were smokers, 731 (4.43%) were ex-smokers, and 15,659 (95%) were nonsmokers. Nonsmokers had the highest EQ-VAS score (mean 84.49, SD 14.84), smokers had the lowest EQ-VAS score (mean 77.38, SD 21.99), and the EQ-VAS score for ex-smokers was in between (mean 81.04, SD 17.68). A significant difference in EQ-VAS scores was detected between nonsmokers and ex-smokers (P<.001), which indicated that pre-pregnancy smoking does have a negative impact on the HRQoL (EQ-VAS) of pregnant women. Compared with nonsmokers, ex-smokers suffered from more anxiety/depression problems (P=.001, odds ratio [OR] 1.29, 95% CI 1.12-1.50). Among ex-smokers, the increased cigarette consumption was associated with a lower EQ-5D index (P=.007) and EQ-VAS score (P=.01) of pregnant women. Compared to smokers, no significant difference was found in the ex-smokers’ EQ-5D index and EQ-VAS score (P=.33).

Conclusions
Smoking history is associated with a lower HRQoL in pregnant Chinese women. Pre-pregnancy smoking is related to a lower HRQoL (EQ-VAS) and a higher incidence of depression/anxiety problems. Smoking cessation during pregnancy does not significantly improve the HRQoL of pregnant Chinese women. Among ex-smokers, the more cigarettes they smoke, the lower HRQoL they have during pregnancy. We suggest that the Chinese government should strengthen the education on quitting smoking and avoiding second-hand smoke for women who have pregnancy plans and their family members.