bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association of post‐operative delirium with patient‐reported outcomes and mortality after lung transplantation
Authors: DeBolt Claire L. , Gao Ying , Sutter Nicole , Soong Allison , Leard Lorriana , Jeffrey Golden , Kleinhenz Mary Ellen , Calabrese Daniel , Greenland John , Venado Aida , Hays Steven R. , Shah Rupal , Kukreja Jasleen , Trinh Binh , Kolaitis Nicholas A. , Douglas Vanja , Diamond Joshua M. , Smith Patrick , Singer Jonathan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPost‐operative delirium after lung transplantation is common. Its associations with health‐related quality of life (HRQL), depression, and mortality remains unknown.In 236 lung transplant recipients, HRQL and depressive symptoms were assessed as part of a structured survey battery before and after transplantation. Surveys included the Geriatric Depressive Scale (GDS) and Short Form 12 (SF12). Delirium was assessed throughout the post‐operative intensive care unit (ICU) stay with Confusion Assessment Method for ICU. Delirium and mortality data were extracted from electronic medical records. We examined associations between delirium and changes in depressive symptoms and HRQL using linear mixed effects models and association between delirium and mortality with Cox‐proportional hazard models.Post‐operative delirium occurred in 34 participants (14%). Delirium was associated with attenuated improvements in SF12‐PCS (difference ₋4.0; 95%CI: −7.4, −0.7) but not SF12‐MCS (difference 2.2; 95%CI: −0.7,5.7) or GDS (difference ₋0.4; 95%CI: −1.5,0.7). Thirty‐two participants died during the study period. Delirium was associated with increased adjusted hazard risk of mortality (HR 17.9, 95%CI: 4.4,72.5).Delirium after lung transplantation identifies a group at increased risk for poorer HRQL and death within the first post‐operative year. Further studies should investigate potential causal links between delirium, and poorer HRQL and mortality risk after lung transplantation.
Non‐invasive diagnostic imaging tests largely underdiagnose cardiac cirrhosis in patients undergoing advanced therapy evaluation: How can we identify the high‐risk patient?
Authors: Belzile David , Turgeon Pierre Yves , Leblanc Evelyne , Massot Montse , Bourgault Christine , Morin Joёlle , Dupuis Céline , Bilodeau Marc , Laflamme Maxime , Charbonneau Eric , Trahan Sylvain , Pagé Sylvain , Joubert Philippe , Couture Christian , Sénéchal Mario 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients with liver cirrhosis are generally considered ineligible for isolated cardiac transplantation or left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation. The aim of this retrospective study is to explore the diagnostic value of abdominal ultrasound, computed tomography scan (CT scan) and liver‐spleen scintigraphy to detect the presence of cirrhosis in patients with advanced heart failure.MethodsAmong 567 consecutive patients who underwent pre‐transplantation or LVAD evaluation, 54 had a liver biopsy to rule out cardiac cirrhosis; we compared the biopsy results with the imaging investigations.ResultsIn about 26% (n = 14) of patients undergoing liver biopsy, histopathological evaluation identified cirrhosis. The respective sensitivity of abdominal ultrasound, CT scan and liver‐spleen scintigraphy to detect cirrhosis was 57% [29–82], 50% [16–84], and 25% [3–65]. The specificity was 80% [64–91], 89% [72–98], and 44% [20–70], respectively.ConclusionUltrasonography has the best‐combined sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of cirrhosis. However, more than a third of patients with cirrhosis will go undiagnosed by conventional imaging. As liver biopsy is associated with a low rate of complication, it should be considered in patients with a high‐risk of cirrhosis or with evidence of portal hypertension to assess their eligibility for heart transplantation or LVAD implantation.
“The Bloody Hell and Holy Cow Moment:” Feeling Awe in the Art Museum
Authors: Luke Jessica J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractResearch shows that awe has various positive benefits for people. Research also suggests that viewing art can elicit awe. Therefore, art museums seem well positioned to foster awe, yet there is almost no evidence that art museum visitors experience awe during their visit. This study assessed whether and how people experience awe during an art museum visit, to establish an empirical foundation. A total of 132 adults were interviewed at two different art museums in London, UK. Study results point to three key findings: (1) art museum visitors say that they feel awe, and it may be correlated with several other positive emotions; (2) art museum visitors say that they experience some dimensions of awe more strongly than others; and (3) art museum visitors mostly felt that it was aspects of the art work that elicited their feelings of awe in the art museum. Results have implications for art museum practitioners developing interpretive strategies for connecting people with works of art, and for researchers investigating the nature of museum experiences.
Art Museum Educators: Who Are They Now?
Authors: Kletchka Dana Carlisle 
Published: March 2021

Abstract“Art Museum Educators: Who Are They?” is one of the earliest published studies about individuals in the profession of art museum education. Zeller’s questions elicited responses about their demographics, education, experience, professional involvement, and level of status in art museum professional hierarchies. The results showed that most respondents were upper‐middle class, married women with degrees in art history; had professional involvements with art historical associations and scholars; and existed on a relatively low rung of the professional ladder. The quest to understand more about these individuals is just as relevant 35 years later, as the field navigates a profound paradigmatic shift intent on investing in diverse communities and individual visitors over strictly art‐historical interpretations of objects . This study asks who art museum educators are now and shares the result of a nationwide questionnaire on the personal and professional entanglements of AMEs; critically examines the collected data on those individuals who envision and enact a public curriculum on behalf of their institutions; and suggests broader implications for the field and for art museums that are vastly different than ones Zeller knew.
Voices of Water and Violence: Exhibition Making and the Blue Humanities for Transitional Justice
Authors: González‐Ayala Sofía N. , Camargo Alejandro 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article examines how the relationships between water and violence are represented as objects for public museum exhibitions in order to guarantee symbolic reparations in a transitional justice context. Using the 2018–2019 exhibition Voces para transformar a Colombia, we show that considering a non‐human element such as water in this context requires a methodological reflection about how to expand the notion of victimhood to include nature. After decades of armed conflict, the Colombian government initiated a transitional justice process which led to the creation of the Museum of Memory as a setting for post‐conflict reconciliation. This museum‐pilot exhibition approached violence and resistance in the armed conflict through three main axes: land, water, and the human body. Unlike land and the body, water has played only a marginal role in the public understanding of the armed conflict. The article analyzes the curatorial process underlying the creation of the Water axis of this exhibition. In light of this exhibition, we propose a reflection on what Nicholas Thomas calls “the museum as a method,” which involves three specific moments: discovery, captioning, and juxtaposition. We suggest a fourth moment, ramification, whereby the exhibition branches off through alliances with communities and scholars, and technologies that geographically decenter the museum. The water axis allows for a broader reflection about violence and the environment in which science and the arts come together to create citizens' engagement with justice and ecological crisis. From this perspective, the analysis of the water axis advances the burgeoning field of the blue humanities.
Impact of body mass and alcohol consumption on all‐cause and liver mortality in 240 000 adults in the United States
Authors: Patra Jayadeep , Buckley Charlotte , Kerr William C. , Brennan Alan , Purshouse Robin C. , Rehm Jürgen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionNationally representative studies of the combined impact of drinking and body mass (BMI) on mortality outcomes are unavailable. We investigate whether both act together to elevate risk of all‐cause or liver mortality.MethodsWe obtained self‐reported histories of drinking and BMI from 129 098 women (mean age 47.2 years) and 102 568 men (mean age 45.6 years) ≥18 years interviewed from 1997 to 2004 in the National Health Interview Survey and related these data to the deaths that occurred by 31 December 2006 (women = 8486; men = 7819 deaths). Death hazards among current drinkers in different BMI groups were adjusted for age, education, race and smoking.ResultsObese (≥30 kg m−2) adults with consumption of >40 g day−1 (women) or >60 g day−1 (men) pure ethanol were at risk of increased mortality from all‐cause and chronic liver disease (P trend <0.0001). For heavy drinkers with BMI ≥30 kg m−2, each 5 kg m−2 higher BMI was associated with an elevated all‐cause mortality in men (hazard ratios 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16–1.40) and women (1.12, [1.02–1.24]). The excess risk due to interaction was more pronounced in men (7.30, [3.60–11.00]) than women (2.90, [0.50–5.30]).Discussion and ConclusionsObesity and excess alcohol are both related to all‐cause and liver mortality—the latter with evidence of a supra‐additive interaction between the risk factors. The presence of both factors in the same population and their impact should inform treatment, public health policies and research.
A multicenter study of three‐dimensional echocardiographic evaluation of normal pediatric left ventricular volumes and function
Authors: Jone Pei‐Ni , Le Lisa , Pan Zhaoxing , Colen Tim , Shigemitsu Sachie , Khoo Nee S. , Goot Benjamin H. , Parthiban Anitha , Harrild David M. , Ferraro Alessandra M. , Marx Gerald 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThree‐dimensional echocardiography (3DE) evaluation of left ventricular (LV) volume and function in pediatrics compares favorably with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The aim of this study was to establish from a multicenter, normal pediatric z‐score values of 3DE left ventricular volumes and function.MethodsSix hundred and ninety‐eight healthy children (ages 0–18 years) were recruited from five centers. LV 3DE was acquired from the 4‐chamber view. A vendor‐independent software analyzed end‐diastolic volume (EDV), end‐systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), and ejection fraction (EF) using semi‐automated quantification. Body surface area (BSA)‐based z‐scores were generated. Intraobserver and interobserver variability were calculated using intraclass correlation (ICC) and repeatability coefficient (RC).ResultsZ‐scores were generated for ESV, EDV, and SV. The ICC for intraobserver variability for EDV, ESV, and SV was 0.99, 0.99, and 0.99, respectively. The ICC for interobserver variability for EDV, ESV, and SV was 0.98, 0.94, and 0.98, respectively. The RC for intraobserver and interobserver variability for LV EF was 4.39% (95% CI: 3.01, 5.59) and interobserver was 7.08% (95%CI: 5.51, 8.42).ConclusionsWe report pediatric z‐scores for normal LV volumes using the semi‐automated method from five centers, enhancing its generalizability. 3DE evaluation of LV volumes and EF in pediatric patients is highly reproducible.
Magnitude of blood pressure change and clinical outcomes after thrombectomy in stroke caused by large artery occlusion
Authors: Anadani Mohammad , Matusevicius Marius , Tsivgoulis Georgios , Peeters André , Nunes Ana Paiva , Mancuso Michelangelo , Roffe Christine , de Havenon Adam , Ahmed Niaz 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundExtremes of both high and low systolic blood pressure (SBP) after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in large artery occlusion stroke are known predictors of unfavorable outcome. However, the effect of SBP change (∆SBP) during the first 24 h on thrombectomy outcomes remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between ∆SBP at different time intervals and thrombectomy outcomes.MethodsWe analyzed MT‐treated patients registered in the SITS International Stroke Thrombectomy Registry from January 1, 2014 to September 3, 2019. Primary outcome was 3‐month unfavorable outcome (modified Rankin scale scores 3–6). We defined ∆SBP as the mean SBP of a given time interval after MT (0–2, 2–4, 4–12, 12–24 h) minus admission SBP. Multivariable mixed logistic regression models were used to adjust for known confounders and center as random effect. Subgroup analyses were included to contrast specific subpopulations. Restricted cubic splines were used to model the associations.ResultsThe study population consisted of 5835 patients (mean age 70 years, 51% male, median NIHSS 16). Mean ∆SBP was −12.3, −15.7, −17.2, and −16.9 mmHg for the time intervals 0–2, 2–4, 4–12 h, and 12–24 h, respectively. Higher ∆SBP was associated with unfavorable outcome at 0–2 h (odds ratio 1.065, 95% confidence interval 1.014–1.118), 2–4 h (1.140, 1.081–1.203), 4–12 h (1.145, 1.087–1.203), and 12–24 h (1.145, 1.089–1.203), for every increase of 10 mmHg. Restricted cubic spline models suggested that increasing ∆SBP was associated with unfavorable outcome, with higher values showing increased risk of unfavorable outcome.ConclusionSBP increase after thrombectomy in large artery occlusion stroke is associated with poor functional outcome.
Surgical repair and reconstruction of a nasal fistula following intra‐lesional formalin injection
Authors: Barnes H. , Gillen A. M. , Brown J. , Archer D. C. 
Published: March 2021

SummaryA 6‐year‐old Cleveland Bay mare was referred to the University of Liverpool Equine Hospital for repair of an iatrogenic nasocutaneous fistula. The fistula had developed following attempted ablation of an epidermal inclusion cyst located in the right nasal diverticulum with intra‐lesional formalin 6 weeks previously. Subsequent tissue necrosis resulted in the formation of a full‐thickness defect in the overlying tissues and the creation of a 5 × 5 cm nasocutaneous fistula. Surgical management consisted of initial debridement of the fistula and use of a commercial dermal regeneration mesh to bridge the defect, acting as a tissue scaffold. The levator labii superioris muscle was utilised to cover the scaffold by transecting it close to its proximal origin and reflecting it rostrally. Finally, a transposition skin flap was created adjacent to the site and was rotated to cover the defect. The mare made an excellent recovery, and follow‐up confirmed complete healing of the surgical site with an excellent cosmetic outcome.
Experimental characterization and theoretical prediction of quasi‐static fracture behavior of notched ZK60‐T5 Mg samples
Authors: Albinmousa Jafar , Peron Mirco , Razavi Nima , Al Hussain Mohammed , Al‐Ghanim Ahmed , Berto Filippo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMagnesium and its alloys have increasingly gained attention due to their attractive properties, including the high specific strength that makes them suitable for several applications in different industries. However, their applications in load‐bearing components require an understanding of their fracture behavior especially when notches are present which is still limited. The aim of this work is to investigate the fracture behavior of notched ZK60‐T5 magnesium. Eleven different U‐ and V‐notched geometries were examined. The mechanical tests showed that the presence of notches reduces the ductility of the material. This was confirmed by the SEM as the size of the shear lips was shown to decrease by increasing the notch acuity. The Strain Energy Density (SED) is used to predict the failure loads of the differently notched samples, and the results suggest high reliability of this approach with deviations between the theoretical and experimental data often lower than 10%.
Systemic effects of rising atmospheric vapor pressure deficit on plant physiology and productivity
Authors: López José , Way Danielle A. , Sadok Walid 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEarth is currently undergoing a global increase in atmospheric vapor pressure deficit (VPD), a trend which is expected to continue as climate warms. This phenomenon has been associated with productivity decreases in ecosystems and yield penalties in crops, with these losses attributed to photosynthetic limitations arising from decreased stomatal conductance. Such VPD increases, however, have occurred over decades, which raises the possibility that stomatal acclimation to VPD plays an important role in determining plant productivity under high VPD. Furthermore, evidence points to more far‐ranging and complex effects of elevated VPD on plant physiology, extending to the anatomical, biochemical, and developmental levels, which could vary substantially across species. Because these complex effects are typically not considered in modeling frameworks, we conducted a quantitative literature review documenting temperature‐independent VPD effects on 112 species and 59 traits and physiological variables, in order to develop an integrated and mechanistic physiological framework. We found that VPD increase reduced yield and primary productivity, an effect that was partially mediated by stomatal acclimation, and also linked with changes in leaf anatomy, nutrient, and hormonal status. The productivity decrease was also associated with negative effects on reproductive development, and changes in architecture and growth rates that could decrease the evaporative surface or minimize embolism risk. Cross‐species quantitative relationships were found between levels of VPD increase and trait responses, and we found differences across plant groups, indicating that future VPD impacts will depend on community assembly and crop functional diversity. Our analysis confirms predictions arising from the hydraulic corollary to Darcy's law, outlines a systemic physiological framework of plant responses to rising VPD, and provides recommendations for future research to better understand and mitigate VPD‐mediated climate change effects on ecosystems and agro‐systems.
Changes of 18F‐fluoro‐2‐deoxyglucose position‐emission tomography findings by the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in the stomach
Authors: Marubashi Kyoko , Takakusagi Satoshi , Yokoyama Yozo , Kizawa Kazuko , Kosone Takashi , Tojima Hiroki , Takagi Hitoshi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeHelicobacter pylori (HP) infection is reported to increase 18F‐fluoro‐2‐deoxyglucose (FDG) accumulation in the stomach. The accumulation of FDG by positron‐emission tomography (FDG‐PET) in the stomach for the voluntary health examinees of cancer checkup was examined before and after the HP eradication.Subjects and MethodsFrom March 2013 to October 2015, eighty‐one subjects were performed FDG‐PET to detect cancer at the health checkup. All of them were also surveyed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Subjects were classified as the 33 cases of HP positive (group A), 38 cases of originally negative (group B), and the 10 negative cases by HP eradication therapy (group C). Group A was treated by combination of amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and proton pump inhibitor for a week, and all of them eradicated HP. A part of group A (n = 7) was serially performed FDG‐PET one to five years after the treatment and compared the maximum standard uptake value of FDG (SUV) around the fundic gland region.ResultsSUV of group A (3.55 ± 0.69) was significantly higher than those of both group B (2.96 ± 0.72) and group C (2.89 ± 0.51) (p < 0.01, respectively). Groups B and C are almost comparable and showed no significant difference during the course. In group A, HP eradication significantly decreased the SUV to 3.1 ± 0.43 (P < .01). SUV after the eradication was significantly reduced (P < .01) in the mild to moderate atrophy (C1–C3) group according to Kimura and Takemoto classification of chronic gastritis of group A. Although SUV in the advanced atrophy group (O1–O3) tended to decline after the eradication, the change was not significant.ConclusionHP‐infected stomach showed higher FDG uptake in the fundic gland region and HP eradication decreased the uptake in the mild to moderate atrophic gastritis but not in the severe atrophic gastritis.
Who is blocking access to PubMed? Educational ‘Escape Room’ for medical residents
Authors: Álvarez‐Díaz Noelia , Grifol‐Clar Eulàlia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTeaching students how to conduct bibliographic searches in health sciences’ databases is essential training. One of the challenges librarians face is how to motivate students during classroom learning. In this article, two hospital libraries, in Spain, used Escape rooms as a method of bringing creativity, teamwork, communication and critical thinking into bibliographic search instruction. Escape rooms are a series of puzzles that must be solved to exit the game. This article explores the methods used for integrating escape rooms into training programmes and evaluates the results. Escape Rooms are a useful tool that can be integrated into residents’ training to support their instruction on bibliographic searches. This kind of learning stablishes competences like logical thinking and deductive approaching. These aspects aid participants to make their own decision and to develop social and intellectual skills.
‘Evidence’ within local authority decision making
Authors: Cook Michael 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMichael Cook looks at the role of an embedded Public Health Information Specialist highlighting the ways the core evidence, information and knowledge skills are used to progress Public Health activity in local government settings. Acknowledging the current pandemic, he explores how COVID‐19 has dominated all aspects of health and social care, and outlines how evidence services have work within these complex Public Health systems to lead the local response and recovery efforts.
Melting rate correlation with batch properties and melter operating conditions during conversion of nuclear waste melter feeds to glasses
Authors: Lee SeungMin , Cutforth Derek A. , Mar Derek , Klouzek Jaroslav , Ferkl Pavel , Dixon Derek R. , Pokorny Richard , Hall Mark A. , Eaton William C. , Hrma Pavel , Kruger Albert A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe rate of conversion of nuclear waste melter feed to glass is affected by the selection of melter feed materials and by melter design and operation. The melting rate correlation (MRC) is an equation that relates the glass production rate with two types of variables: (a) feed and melt properties: conversion heat, cold‐cap bottom temperature, and glass melt viscosity; and (b) melter design and operation parameters: melter geometry, melter operating temperature, and gas bubbling rate. The MRC shows good agreement for an extended melting rate data set of high‐level waste (HLW) melter feeds and a data set generated for low‐activity waste (LAW) melter feeds. Laboratory observation of heated melter feed samples is often used to assess the cold‐cap bottom temperature of HLW melter feeds (moderately foaming feeds), but this technique appears inadequate for LAW melter feeds (vigorously foaming feeds). For LAW feeds, an adequate assessment of the cold‐cap bottom temperature was achieved using evolved gas analysis, which allows identification of the collapse of primary foam for oxidized feeds. This assessment shows that the cold‐cap bottom temperature for vigorously foaming LAW feeds is higher than that for moderately foaming HLW feeds. When the results of MRC are compared, LAW feeds are generally less sensitive to the bubbling rate and melt viscosity, and more sensitive to the cold‐cap bottom temperature than HLW feeds. The MRC qualifies as a promising tool to support the selection of melter feed materials and melter operating conditions, which is determined from expensive independent scaled melter experiments, and sophisticated mathematical models.