bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Working from Home and Parental Childcare Division: Evidence from Two Years of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Boll Christina , Müller Dana , Osiander Christopher , Schüller Simone 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We investigate the dynamics of gendered parental childcare division across the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic up until spring 2022. We employ unique data from a German (bi)monthly survey based on a random sample from administrative data (IAB-HOPP) and find dynamics toward a more equal division. Up to April 2021, drivers are couples with already care-involved fathers, while later on, couples with a strongly traditional division drive these changes. The latter shift emerges in parental constellations where fathers unilaterally gain working-from-home possibilities. Our results give moderate support for optimism but also point to an ambiguous role of working from home.
Establishing a baseline for comparing classroom discourse from representative geometry lessons: pivotal teaching moments and cognitive levels of student discourse
Authors: Joswick Candace , Kribs Christopher M , McDonald Evangeline 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Pivotal teaching moments (PTMs), when a student says something unanticipated by the teacher, offer key opportunities to shape learning and student discourse in a lesson, so studying teachers’ responses to them yields important descriptors of pedagogy and its impact on student mathematical thinking. Recent decades have seen developments in research on, and standards for, classroom mathematics, but no comprehensive examination of changes in the ways teachers respond to student discourse. This sequential mixed-methods study applies our novel framework for analyzing elements of PTM episodes to all available English-language Third International Mathematics and Science Study geometry lesson videos, as a first step to establishing a baseline description of mathematics teachers’ discourse practices in the 1990s. We find many of the PTMs stemmed from students’ incorrect mathematical statements, and the dominant teacher response focused on emphasizing correct answers and meanings rather than pursuing student thinking, with relatively low-cognitive-level student discourse ensuing. Discourse patterns are especially significant in geometry, where research has seen students struggle to articulate their understanding.
Race and gender biases in assessing pain intensity and medication needs among Chinese observers
Authors: Liu Zhiyuan , Chuang Tzu-Ying , Wang Shan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Pain-related decision-making can be influenced by the caregiver and sufferer's demographic factors, such as race and gender, which are commonly considered individually. However, such factors may influence pain assessment interdependently based on caregivers' stereotypical beliefs.

Objectives:
This study investigated how sufferers' race and gender affect Chinese observers' evaluations of pain intensity and medication needs and the associations with the observers' race and gender-related stereotypical beliefs.

Methods:
One hundred sixty-two Chinese participants completed a pain facial expression rating task assessing the level of pain intensity and the extent to which they believe the sufferer needs pain medication for East Asian, White, and Black sufferers, followed by a battery of questionnaires measuring their gender and race role expectation of pain.

Results:
Chinese observers were more stringent on East Asians' pain intensity and needs for medication than Whites and Blacks'. However, when Black and East Asian sufferers were perceived to have a similar level of pain, East Asians were more likely to receive medication than Blacks, which is partly due to the observers' stereotypical beliefs that Blacks would have a speedier recovery than East Asians.

Conclusions:
Our results provided evidence that in addition to the in-versus-out-group preferences, one's sociocultural-related stereotypical beliefs can account for racial disparities in pain-related decision-making.
Adult Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Prostate Presented on 18F-FDG and Al18F-FAPI-74 PET/CT
Authors: Cheng Xin , Hou Guozhu , Zheng Rong , Chen Xi , Wang Xuejuan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A 21-year-old man with a 2-week history of abdominal pain and urinary hesitancy was admitted to our hospital. Sarcoma was suspected based on his PSA level, age, and MRI findings. He underwent 18F-FDG and Al18F-FAPI-74 PET/CT scans. The scans revealed an irregularly dense prostate mass with indistinct borders to the rectum. The mass exhibited increased and heterogeneous FDG uptake and FAPI activity, with different distribution patterns between the 2 tracers. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.
Central Nervous System Tumor-Embryonal Tumors Type With Neuroendocrine Differentiation
Authors: Edamadaka Yeshwanth , Parghane Rahul V , Basu Sandip 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) tumor with embryonal tumors type is a rare type of CNS tumor with lack of unifying genetic alterations or diagnostic markers. The CNS tumor-embryonal tumors (CETs) have limited therapeutic options with high probability of adverse events associated with conventional treatment. Identification of somatostatin receptor expression and/or prostate-specific membrane antigen expression in CET patients by using PET/CT imaging may be helpful for deciding therapeutic approaches in these patients as theranostics. We present a 56-year-old woman who complained of headache, diminution of vision, and diagnosed CET and demonstrated high SSTR expression on PET/CT imaging, indicating peptide receptor radionuclide therapy could be effective therapeutic option in this case.
Superiority of 18F-FAPI-42 PET/CT in Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disorders
Authors: Dong Ye , Zhou Wenlan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We report a rare case of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders in a 60-year-old woman, which extensively involved the digestive tract from the esophagus, gastric, duodenum to the small intestine, depicted well by 18F-FAPI-42 PET/CT, superior to 18F-FDG PET/CT. Under the guidance of 18F-FAPI-42 PET/CT, the biopsy was successfully performed, and the diagnosis was established. This case highlights that 18F-FAPI-42 PET/CT may serve as a novel noninvasive method for evaluating eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders.
Impact of Suture Materials on Surgical Site Infection in Oral Oncological Surgery With Free-Flap Reconstruction
Authors: Hidaka Takeaki , Miyamoto Shimpei , Furuse Kiichi , Fukunaga Yutaka , Oshima Azusa , Shinozaki Takeshi , Matsuura Kazuto , Wakabayashi Masashi , Higashino Takuya 
Published: December 2024

Objective
The impact of suture materials on surgical site infections (SSIs) has been well documented in various surgical fields; however, it has not been thoroughly examined in oral oncological surgery with free-flap reconstruction. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of oral SSIs associated with the use of monofilament and braided sutures for flap fixation.

Methods
A retrospective chart review of patients who underwent oral oncological resection with free-flap reconstruction was conducted between May 2020 and April 2024. Either monofilament (4-0 PDS® II or Monodiox®) or braided (3-0 Vicryl®) suture was used for flap suturing. The primary outcome was the incidence of oral SSIs, defined according to the guidelines of the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Multivariable logistic regression and inverse probability of treatment weighting based on propensity scores were used to estimate the risk differences.

Results
Of 209 eligible patients, 58 experienced oral SSIs, resulting in an incidence of 27.8%. Monofilament sutures were used in 174 patients and braided sutures in 35. The incidence of oral SSIs was higher in the braided suture group (42.9%) than in the monofilament suture group (24.7%). Analysis using propensity scores revealed a significantly higher risk of oral SSIs associated with braided sutures than with monofilament sutures, with a 18.5% risk difference (95% confidence interval, 2.1%–34.9%; P = 0.027).

Conclusions
Braided sutures may pose an increased risk of SSIs in oral oncological surgeries with free-flap reconstructions. Monofilament sutures are recommended for reconstructions, especially of the floor of the mouth.
Trends in Medicare Coverage of Overactive Bladder Medications in the United States
Authors: Gaddam Neha G. , Wallace Megan B. , Dieter Alexis A. 
Published: December 2024

Importance
Strong evidence demonstrates long-term cognitive decline associated with anticholinergics. While prevalent among older populations, medical management of overactive bladder (OAB) is dictated by insurance coverage rather than medical provider and patient preferences.

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess Medicare insurance plan coverage for select OAB medications and evaluate coverage of preferred medications to medications with a greater risk of cognitive dysfunction.

Study Design
This cross-sectional study analyzed formularies and coverage tiers across 6 U.S. insurers for the following OAB medications: oxybutynin instant-release (IR) 5 mg, oxybutynin extended-release (ER) 5 mg, tolterodine IR 1 mg, tolterodine ER 2 mg, fesoterodine ER 4 mg, darifenacin 7.5 mg, solifenacin 5 mg, trospium IR 20 mg, trospium ER 60 mg, mirabegron 25 mg, and vibegron 75 mg. Coverage was compared between nonpreferred (oxybutynin, tolterodine, fesoterodine, darifenacin, solifenacin) and preferred medications (trospium, mirabegron, vibegron). Coverage scores, a weighted distribution based on coverage tier frequency relative to the number of plans investigated, were generated with a lower score indicating better coverage (range, 0.2–1.0).

Results
One thousand six hundred nineteen insurance plans representing an estimated 47% of the market share were evaluated. Oxybutynin IR had the best coverage score across insurers (0.4), whereas trospium ER had the worst (0.89). Preferred medications had worse coverage versus nonpreferred medications (P < 0.001). Centene had the best overall coverage and lowest initiation cost, whereas Aetna/CVS had the best coverage and initiation cost for preferred medications.

Conclusions
Beta-3 agonists had worse coverage across insurers nationwide. Current trends in Medicare coverage reveal a need for improved coverage of preferred OAB medications for an aging population already at risk of cognitive dysfunction.
Identification of a unique,de novo MYCBP2variant in an individual with highly superior autobiographical memory
Authors: Papassotiropoulos Andreas , Petrovska Jana , Arnold Andreas , LePort Aurora K.R. , Mastrandreas Pavlina , Neutzner Melanie , Freytag Virginie , Nesterenko Dmytro , Gharat Vaibhav , Schicktanz Nathalie , Vukojevic Vanja , Coynel David , Stetak Attila , Burri Noëlle , Ghaffari Navid , Riva Claudia , Durairaj Janani , Schwede Torsten , Bieri Oliver , Gräff Johannes , Skoulakis Efthimios M.C. , Henke Katharina , Cichon Sven , Taylor Verdon , Stark Craig E.L. , McGaugh James L. , Dean Camin , de Quervain Dominique J.-F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHighly Superior Autobiographical Memory (HSAM) is an extremely rare condition characterized by an individual’s unparallelled ability to recall personal past events with exceptional detail and accuracy, including exact dates and days of the week, spanning many decades1–3. The molecular underpinnings of HSAM are unknown. Here, we investigated an individual with HSAM through neuropsychological testing, structural brain imaging, and genetic analyses. HSAM was confirmed as an isolated exceptional cognitive ability, with brain imaging revealing exceptionally large volumes of regions within the hippocampal formation, which have been previously linked to autobiographical memory. Using whole exome sequencing of the HSAM individual and their unaffected parents, we identified a uniquede novomissense variant inMYCBP2, which encodes an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase4,5. To explore the potential behavioral consequences of this variant, we introduced the homologous variant intoC. elegans, which resulted in reduced forgetting and increased membrane-bound glutamate receptor in relevant neuronal cells. These findings show that the studied HSAM individual carries a unique,de novomissense variant inMYCBP2, which reduces forgetting in a model organism. The identification of functionally relevant genetic variants in individuals with superior memory traits has the potential to inform future research into memory-modulating therapies.
COVID-19 pandemic reshaped seasonal patterns and age distributions of respiratory viruses
Authors: He Miao , Gao Lanping , Hu Yanwu , Liang Simeng , Tang Jiajia , Zhao Yongliang , Zhang Youwei , Deng Na , Zhou Chanjuan , Wang Haoyue , Lan Xiyu , Wang Zixuan , Li Yanran , Xu Ke 
Published: December 2024

SummaryObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the changes in the prevalence and demographic characteristics of common respiratory viruses during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled children with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) at Shiyan Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, from January 2020 to December 2023. Specimens serum, nasopharyngeal aspirate, and alveolar lavage fluid were collected for direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA): respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), influenza A virus (IAV), influenza B virus (IBV), and parainfluenza virus (PIV). Demographic data and laboratory test results were analyzed accordingly.ResultsA total of 10,193 patients were enrolled. The positive infection rates for the years 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023 were 3.97%, 3.15%, 36.20%, and 38.82%, respectively. The seasonal patterns for ADV transitioned from peaking in the summer and autumn of 2022 to summer and winter in 2023, while RSV peaked in the spring and summer of 2022 but moved to spring and autumn in 2023. PIV shifted from autumn 2022 to both spring and autumn in 2023. Intriguingly, IAV stably remained a two-season pattern of summer and winter in 2022 and 2023, while IBV showed up at 2022 winter but largely diminished later. The age distribution of children infected with ADV, RSV and PIV showed an upward trend, while no significant changes were observed for IAV and IBV.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the seasonal circulation of respiratory viruses. The seasonal pattern of influenza virus has been restored in 2022. In contrast, ADV, PIV, and RSV showed significant seasonal changes after the pandemic. The increasing age distributions of cases indicates an expanded age range of infection. Continuous monitoring of pathogen distribution and adjustment of preventive strategies are crucial for the effective management of pediatric ARIs.
Identifying differences between those with suicidal ideation-with-action, compared to ideation alone, using a community representative sample
Authors: Chan C , Wodchis W , Kurdyak P , Donnelly P 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundFew studies examine suicidal ideation in the general population and who might act on suicidal thoughts. It is important to understand ideators, the largest group on the suicidality continuum.ObjectivesThis study examines factors associated with suicidal ideation among community-dwelling individuals, and sociodemographic, health and help-seeking factors associated with ideation accompanied by planning or suicide attempt (‘ideation-with-action’) compared to ideation alone.MethodsUsing the 2002 and 2012 Canadian Community Health Surveys – Mental Health cycles (CCHS-MH), this cross-sectional cohort study examined 14,708 Ontarians 15 years and older who answered questions about suicidal ideation, and compared characteristics between non-ideators, ideators with a plan or previous attempt, and ideators alone, with chi-square tests and logistic regression.Results2.1% of CCHS respondents reported past-year ideation alone (n=302) and another 0.5% reported ideation with plan or past-year suicide attempt (n=76).The risk profile of ideators compared to non-ideators was similar to that of ideators-with-action compared to ideators-without-action: male, younger, unpartnered, less educated, have lower income, no job, have a mood and anxiety disorder, a substance use disorder and seek help for mental health problems.Most ideators (65%) do not seek help, and those with a plan or previous suicide attempt are more likely to do so.ConclusionIdeators differ in profile in terms of whether they have ideation only, have made a plan or had previous attempts. Risk factors differentiating ideators from non-ideators are the same factors that further differentiate ideators-with-action compared to those with only ideation, suggesting the existence of a suicidality continuum and opening up the opportunity for targeting common risk factors in prevention efforts.
The effectiveness of two newMetarhizium brunneumformulations against wireworms in potato cultivation
Authors: Paluch Maximilian , Seib Tanja , Stephan Dietrich , Immenroth Eckhard , Lehmhus Jörn 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn the absence of officially approved agrochemicals for the use against wireworms (Agriotesspp.) in German potato cultivation, the entomopathogenic fungus genusMetarhiziumhas been regarded as promising biocontrol agent. However, previous mycoinsecticide formulations ofM. brunneumcould not achieve consistent effectiveness in field use. Within the scope of the project AgriMet, the effectiveness of two new formulations ofM. brunneumwas evaluated over three years in the field, greenhouse and laboratory. The application of a soil granule and/or a wettable powder (dry product) ofM. brunneumduring potato planting aimed to reduce potato tuber damage by controlling wireworms. During field trials in the Lower Saxony (Germany), the combination of both formulations led to an effectiveness between 1 % and 13.6 % compared to the untreated control. The single application of the AgriMet-Granule and the AgriMet-Dry Product was less successful. The standardised greenhouse set-up in pots withA. obscurusindicated that an application rate of at least 300 kg ha-1of the AgriMet-Granule, respectively 1×1013conidia ha-1of the AgriMet-Dry Product was necessary to effectively reduce tuber damage (44-54 %), while surprisingly no larval mortality was recorded. The laboratory experiments showed, that only the AgriMet-Dry Product provided a lethal potential against wireworms, whereas the AgriMet-Granule showed deficits in terms of product quality. However, the effectiveness of the AgriMet-Dry Product againstA. obscurus,A. sputatorandA. lineatusresulted in significant differences in mortality indicating a species-specific virulence of theM. brunneumisolate used. Additional influencing factors became apparent through analysing multiple soil parameters at the respective field site such as temperature, moisture, colony-forming units ofMetarhiziumspp. and wireworm density, underlining the complexity of wireworm control using a microbial control agent. Especially the low soil temperatures during spring application pose a serious challenge to the development of an effective control strategy against wireworms.
Genetically Labeled Premyelinating Oligodendrocytes: Bridging Oligodendrogenesis and Neuronal Activity
Authors: Bhambri Aksheev , Thai Phu , Wei Songtao , Bae Han-Gyu , Barbosa Daniela , Sharma Tripti , Yu Ze , Xing Chao , Kim Jun Hee , Yu Guoqiang , Sun Lu O. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTTo myelinate axons, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) must stop dividing and differentiate into premyelinating oligodendrocytes (preOLs). PreOLs are thought to survey and begin ensheathing nearby axons, and their maturation is often stalled at human demyelinating lesions. Lack of genetic tools to visualize and manipulate preOLs has left this critical differentiation stage woefully understudied. Here, we generated a knock-in mouse line that specifically labels preOLs across the central nervous system. Genetically labeled preOLs exhibit distinct morphology, unique transcriptomic and electrophysiological features, and do not overlap with OPCs. PreOL lineage tracing revealed that subsets of them undergo prolonged maturation and that different brain regions initiate oligodendrogenesis with the spatiotemporal specificity. Lastly, by fate mapping preOLs under sensory deprivation, we find that neuronal activity functions within a narrow time window of preOL maturation to promote their survival and successful integration. Our work provides a new tool to probe this critical cell stage during axon ensheathment, allowing for fine dissection of axon-oligodendrocyte interactions.
The Threat of Science-Related Populism to Global Public Health: Lessons from Iran
Authors: Taefehshokr Nima , Martens Brielle , Beheshti Iman , Zahedi Rene P , Los Marek J , Kindrachuk Jason , Ghavami Saeid 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis manuscript explores the impact of science-related populism on public health during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on the situation in Iran. Our analysis, utilizing publicly available data from The Economist and the World Health Organization, demonstrates the consequences of delayed vaccination campaigns. Statistical analysis shows a clear correlation between delayed vaccine introduction and increased excess mortality rates. This trend is particularly pronounced in Iran, where political resistance to Western vaccine imports and the promotion of unproven medical technologies exacerbated the health crisis. Additionally, our time-series analysis links significant surges in COVID-19 deaths to national events and government decisions that likely enhanced virus transmission, indicating direct public health repercussions from delayed pandemic responses. These results highlight the global security threat posed by science-related populism, where political agendas undermine scientific integrity and public health. The findings advocate for an urgent global commitment to uphold scientific evidence as the cornerstone of health policy, emphasizing the necessity of combating misinformation to ensure timely and effective public health measures.
Convergent representations and spatiotemporal dynamics of speech and language in brain and deep neural networks
Authors: Chen Peili , Xiang Shiji , He Linyang , Chang Edward F. , Li Yuanning 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRecent studies have explored the correspondence between single-modality DNN models (speech or text) and specific brain networks for speech and language. The key factors underlying these correlations and their spatiotemporal evolution within the brain language network remain unclear, particularly across different DNN modalities. To address these questions, we analyzed the representation similarity between self-supervised learning (SSL) models for speech (Wav2Vec2) and language (GPT-2), against neural responses to naturalistic speech captured via high-density electrocorticography. Our results indicated high prediction accuracy of both types of SSL models relative to neural activity before and after word onsets. It was the shared components between Wav2Vec2.0 and GPT-2 that explained the majority portion of the SSL-brain similarity. Furthermore, we observed distinct spatiotemporal dynamics: both models showed high encoding accuracy 40 milliseconds before word onset, especially in the mid-superior temporal gyrus (mid-STG), which can be explained by the shared contextual components in the SSL models; the Wav2Vec2.0 also peaked at 200 milliseconds after word onset around the posterior STG, which was mainly attributed to the acoustic-phonetic and static semantic information encoded in the SSL models. These results highlight how contextual and acoustic-phonetic cues encoded in DNNs align with spatiotemporal neural activity patterns, suggesting a significant overlap in how artificial and biological systems process linguistic information.