bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amplification of oxidative stress with lycorine and gold-based nanocomposites for synergistic cascade cancer therapy
Authors: Hu Hongzhi , Yang Wenbo , Liang Zihui , Zhou Zezhu , Song Qingcheng , Liu Weijian , Deng Xiangtian , Zhu Jian , Xing Xin , Zhong Binglong , Wang Baichuan , Wang Shangyu , Shao Zengwu , Zhang Yingze 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Despite advances of surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy during the past few decades, the therapeutic efficacy of current therapeutic protocol for osteosarcoma (OS) is still seriously compromised by multi-drug resistance and severe side effects. Amplification of intracellular oxidative stress is considered as an effective strategy to induce cancer cell death. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel strategy that can amplify the intracellular oxidative stress for synergistic cascade cancer therapy.

Methods and results
A novel nanocomposite, composed of folic acid (FA) modified mesoporous silica–coated gold nanostar (GNS@MSNs-FA) and traditional Chinese medicine lycorine (Ly), was rationally designed and developed. Under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, the obtained GNS@MSNs-FA/Ly could promote a high level of ROS production via inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and potent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Moreover, glutathione (GSH) depletion during ER stress could reduce ROS scavenging and further enable efficient amplification of intracellular oxidative stress. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that GNS@MSNs-FA/Ly coupled with NIR irradiation exhibited excellent antitumor efficacy without noticeable toxicity in MNNG/HOS tumor-bearing mice.

Conclusion
All these results demonstrated that GNS@MSNs-FA/Ly coupled with NIR irradiation could dramatically amplify the intra-tumoral oxidative stress, exhibiting excellent antitumor ability without obvious systemic toxicity. Taken together, this promising strategy provides a new avenue for the effective cancer synergetic therapy and future clinical translation.
Proprioceptive elbow training reduces pain and improves function in painful lateral epicondylitis—a prospective trial
Authors: Schiffke-Juhász B. , Knobloch K. , Vogt P. M. , Hoy L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
In painful epicondylitis, previous studies reported deficiencies in elbow proprioception. In line, proprioceptive training of the lower limb has been reported substantial beneficial in a number of indications. Therefore, we have asked if a specified proprioceptive training using training devices that are capable of activating the deep musculature in the upper limb is able to reduce the symptoms of epicondylitis.

Materials and methods
We included 71 patients with painful lateral epicondylitis > 3 months. Interventions: Group A: Proprioceptive training intervention with a Flexibar® (9 min daily for 12 weeks). Group B: at least 40 min running or walking/week with the XCO® in addition to the proprioceptive training with the Flexibar® (9 min daily for 12 weeks), follow-up for 12 weeks. Primary end point: Pain on visual analogue scale (VAS, 0-10); secondary end points: DASH-Score (0 = very good, 100 = very poor), grip strength according to Jamar dynamometer (kg), vibration sensation measured with a 128 Hz tuning fork.

Results
The pain on VAS in group A was reduced significantly. 3.6 ± 2.0 to 2.4 ± 2.1 (−33%, p = 0.013), and from 3.7 ± 2.4 to 2.2 ± 1.9 (−41%, p = 0.004) in group B after 12 weeks. There was no significant difference between A and B (p = 0.899). In both groups, there was a significant improvement of the DASH-Score (A: 32 ± 15 to 14 ± 12, −56%, p < 0.001; B: 27 ± 12 to 12 ± 11, −55%, p = 0.001) without any difference between groups A and B (p = 0.339). Grip strength improvement in group A from 24 ± 12 to 33 ± 11 kg (+38%, p < 0.001), and from 29 ± 14 to 34 ± 11 kg (+15%, p < 0.001) in group B. In line, vibration sensation improved in both groups (A: 6.3 ± 0.6 to 6.5 ± 0.5, p = 0.0001; B: 6.3 ± 0.7 to 6.6 ± 0.5, p = 0.003).

Conclusion
A 12-week proprioceptive training with the Flexibar® improves pain, quality of life, grip strength and vibration sensation in patients with painful lateral epicondylitis.

Level of evidence
Ib, randomised clinical trial

Trial registration
German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00024857, registered on 25 March 2021—retrospectively registered, http://apps.who.int/trialsearch/
N6-methyladenosine methyltransferases: functions, regulation, and clinical potential
Authors: Huang Wei , Chen Tian-Qi , Fang Ke , Zeng Zhan-Cheng , Ye Hua , Chen Yue-Qin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractN6-methyladenosine (m6A) has emerged as an abundant modification throughout the transcriptome with widespread functions in protein-coding and noncoding RNAs. It affects the fates of modified RNAs, including their stability, splicing, and/or translation, and thus plays important roles in posttranscriptional regulation. To date, m6A methyltransferases have been reported to execute m6A deposition on distinct RNAs by their own or forming different complexes with additional partner proteins. In this review, we summarize the function of these m6A methyltransferases or complexes in regulating the key genes and pathways of cancer biology. We also highlight the progress in the use of m6A methyltransferases in mediating therapy resistance, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy and radiotherapy. Finally, we discuss the current approaches and clinical potential of m6A methyltransferase-targeting strategies.
Whole genome resequencing data sets of different species from Pistacia genus
Authors: Tajabadipour Ali , Esmailizadeh Ali 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Pistacia genus belongs to the flowering plants in the cashew family and contains at least 11 species. The whole-genome resequencing data of different species from Pistacia genus are described herein. The data reported here will be useful for better understand the adaptive evolution, demographic history, genetic diversity, population structure, and domestication of pistachio.

Data description
Genomic DNA was isolated from fresh leaves and used to construct libraries with insert size of 350 bp. Sequence libraries were made and sequenced on the Illumina Hiseq 4000 platform to produce 150 bp paired-end reads. A total number of 4,851,118,730 billion reads (ranging from 33,305,900 to 34,990,618 reads per sample) were created across all samples. We produced a total of 727.67 Gbp data which have been deposited in the Genome Sequence Archive (GSA) database with the Accession of CRA000978. All of the data are also available as the sequence read archive (SRA) format in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) with identifier of SRP189222, mirroring our deposited data in GSA.
Characterization of genomic DNA sequence of the candidate gene for FB_Mfu10 associated with fire blight resistance in Malus species
Authors: Emeriewen Ofere Francis , Flachowsky Henryk , Peil Andreas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective
The proposed candidate gene underlying the Malus fusca fire blight resistance locus on chromosome 10 was previously predicted to possess 880 amino acids and 8 exons. Eight base pair (8 bp) insertion/deletion in the first exon potentially distinguished resistant genotypes from susceptible ones. This study aimed at analyzing the candidate gene sequence in another set of original resistant and susceptible progeny, characterizing the sequence in a transgenic line transformed with the candidate gene under its own native promoter, as well as deciphering the potential genomic differences between this candidate gene and its homolog in the ‘Golden Delicious’ doubled haploid genome (GDDH13).

Results
Sequences of amplicons of part of the candidate gene amplified in two progenies that showed resistant and susceptible fire blight phenotypes, confirmed the 8 bp insertion that distinguishes susceptible and resistant progenies. The transgenic line was positive for the candidate gene sequence, confirming a successful transfer into the background of apple cultivar ‘Pinova’, and possessed the same genomic sequence as the progeny with a resistant phenotype. Sequence analysis showed that the homolog gene on GDDH13 possesses a significant 18 bp deletion in exon 1 leading to a difference of 15 amino acid from the protein sequence of the candidate gene.
Spatial epi-proteomics enabled by histone post-translational modification analysis from low-abundance clinical samples
Authors: Noberini Roberta , Savoia Evelyn Oliva , Brandini Stefania , Greco Francesco , Marra Francesca , Bertalot Giovanni , Pruneri Giancarlo , McDonnell Liam A. , Bonaldi Tiziana 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Increasing evidence linking epigenetic mechanisms and different diseases, including cancer, has prompted in the last 15 years the investigation of histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) in clinical samples. Methods allowing the isolation of histones from patient samples followed by the accurate and comprehensive quantification of their PTMs by mass spectrometry (MS) have been developed. However, the applicability of these methods is limited by the requirement for substantial amounts of material.

Results
To address this issue, in this study we streamlined the protein extraction procedure from low-amount clinical samples and tested and implemented different in-gel digestion strategies, obtaining a protocol that allows the MS-based analysis of the most common histone PTMs from laser microdissected tissue areas containing as low as 1000 cells, an amount approximately 500 times lower than what is required by available methods. We then applied this protocol to breast cancer patient laser microdissected tissues in two proof-of-concept experiments, identifying differences in histone marks in heterogeneous regions selected by either morphological evaluation or MALDI MS imaging.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate that analyzing histone PTMs from very small tissue areas and detecting differences from adjacent tumor regions is technically feasible. Our method opens the way for spatial epi-proteomics, namely the investigation of epigenetic features in the context of tissue and tumor heterogeneity, which will be instrumental for the identification of novel epigenetic biomarkers and aberrant epigenetic mechanisms.
Serum exosomes from young rats improve the reduced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in aged rats with osteoporosis after fatigue loading in vivo
Authors: Xun Jingqiong , Li Chan , Liu Meilu , Mei Yueming , Zhou Qiongfei , Wu Bo , Xie Fen , Liu Yuling , Dai Ruchun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Osteoporosis is a major public health concern for the elderly population and is characterized by fatigue load resulting in bone microdamage. The ability of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to repair bone microdamage diminishes with age, and the accumulation of bone microdamage increases the risk of osteoporotic fracture. There is a lack of effective means to promote the repair of bone microdamage in aged patients with osteoporosis. Exosomes have been shown to be related to the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Here, we aimed to evaluate the changes in the osteogenic differentiation capacity of BMSCs in aged osteoporotic rats after fatigue loading and the treatment potential of serum exosomes from young rats.

Methods
The tibias of six aged osteoporotic rats were subjected to fatigue loading in vivo for 2 weeks, and the bone microdamage, microstructures, and mechanical properties were assessed. Subsequently, BMSCs were extracted to evaluate their proliferation and osteogenic differentiation abilities. In addition, the BMSCs of aged osteoporotic rats after fatigue loading were treated with serum exosomes from young rats under osteogenic induction conditions, and the expression of osteogenic-related miRNAs was quantified. The osteogenetic effects of miRNA-19b-3p in exosomes and the possible target protein PTEN was detected.

Results
Obvious bone microdamage at the fatigue load stress point, the bone microstructure and biomechanical properties were not obviously changed. A decreased osteogenic differentiation ability of BMSCs was observed after fatigue loading, while serum exosomes from young rats highly expressing miRNA-19b-3p improved the decreased osteogenic differentiation ability of BMSCs. Transfection with miRNA-19b-3p mimic could promote osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs and decreased the expression of PTEN. After transfection of miRNA-19b-3p inhibitor, the promotional effect of exosomes on bone differentiation was weakened. Treatment with transfected exosomes increased the expression of PTEN.

Conclusion
Serum exosomes derived from young rats can improve the decreased osteogenic differentiation ability of BMSCs in aged rats with osteoporosis after fatigue loading and can provide a new treatment strategy for the repair of bone microdamage and prevention of fractures.
Some bounds of the generalized μ-scrambling indices of primitive digraphs with d loops
Authors: Zhang Ling , Mou Gu-Fang , Liu Feng , Li Zhong-Shan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn 2010, Huang and Liu introduced a useful parameter called the generalized μ-scrambling indices of a primitive digraph. In this paper, we give some bounds for μ-scrambling indices of some primitive digraphs with d loops and the digraphs attained the sharp upper bounds are provided.
Utilisation and predictors of use of exposure therapy in the treatment of anxiety, OCD and PTSD in an Australian sample: a preliminary investigation
Authors: Moses Karen , Gonsalvez Craig , Meade Tanya 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) is known to be an effective treatment for the anxiety and related disorders, with exposure therapy being a key component of this treatment package. However, research on the use of exposure therapy in clinical practice has presented mixed results, potentially due to differences in samples and training programs across countries. The present study aimed to extend upon existing research by examining the use and predictors of use of exposure therapy in a sample of psychologists working in clinical practice in Australia who treat clients with an anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Methods
One hundred registered psychologists (Mage = 40.60; SD = 10.78; range 23 to 71 years; 84% female) participated in an online study investigating their clinical practices.

Results
Results suggested that while the general use of exposure therapy is high, the use of disorder specific techniques was considerably lower, particularly for anxiety disorders and PTSD but not OCD. Psychology registration status and level of training were positively associated with use of exposure therapy as was the experience in treating anxiety disorders.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that further or ongoing professional training may be required to optimize the use of disorder specific techniques.
Integrable solution for light shaping based on a Fourier-pair mapping
Authors: Yang Liangxin , Badar Irfan , Hellmann Christian , Wyrowski Frank 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn far-field light shaping, one of the design methods is based on a one-to-one map between the irradiance of the source and target. However, an integrability issue may occur in this kind of algorithms, either in the ray mapping method for designing a freeform surface or in those geometric-optics-based methods for achieving a required output phase. We introduce another mapping-type algorithm to tackle the integrability problem, which instead of establishing a mapping between both the source and target irradiance in the space domain, the mapping is assumed on electric fields of a Fourier pair between the space domain and the spatial-frequency domain. By solving the mapping from the Fourier pair, the gradient of the output phase is achieved, that the gradient is equivalent to the obtained mapping function. Moreover, the existence and the characterization of the mapping guarantees the integrability of the gradient so that a smooth output phase can be directly integrated. Based on the obtained smooth output phase, a freeform surface can then be designed for the light-shaping task. Numerical examples are demonstrated for the comparison of the approaches with different mapping assumptions.
Content validation of a self-report daily diary in patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: White Michelle K. , Saucier Cory , Bailey Miranda , D’Alessio Denise , Foster April , St. Pierre Danielle , Raymond Kimberly 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a genetic progressive vascular disease that impacts patients overall health and quality of life. Sickle-cell pain crises (SCPCs) are a hallmark clinical presentation of SCD and have been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The Sickle Cell Pain Diary- Self Report (SCPD-S) was developed as a daily patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure primarily intended to capture the frequency and severity of SCD-related pain during and outside of a SCPC. The SCPD-S also examines the impact of the pain associated with an SCPC on other health-related quality of life concepts. The objective of this study was to investigate the content validity of the SCPD-S.

Methods
The content validation testing included 18 in-depth hybrid concept elicitation and cognitive debriefing interviews conducted with SCD patients in the US aged 12 years and older. Interviewers used a semi-structured interview guide and a think-aloud approach for the cognitive debriefing portion. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, coded and analyzed.

Results
Eighteen interviews across two rounds were conducted. Round 1 hybrid interviews (n = 12) resulted in the expansion of the SCPD-S from 13 to 19 items. Items on the impact of an SCPC on social and recreational activities, sleep, and emotional well-being were added. Five items were significantly revised, as were three response choice sets. Round 2 hybrid interviews (n = 6) confirmed the comprehensiveness of the revised diary, understandability of the wording, and appropriateness of the recall period and response sets. Saturation analyses specific to concept elicitation revealed that no additional interviews were needed.

Conclusions
This study provided evidence to support the content validity of the SCPD-S, a self-report daily diary. Data gathered during patient interviews indicated that the SCPD-S is a fit for purpose measure of SCD and SCPC-related pain frequency and severity and the impact of this pain on other health-related quality of life concepts including fatigue and emotional health. The numerous changes to the SCPD-S as a result of the study findings highlight the importance of the content validation process when developing a PRO measure.
Development and assessment of a telesonography system for musculoskeletal imaging
Authors: Obaid Mohammed , Zhang Qianwei , Adams Scott J. , Fotouhi Reza , Obaid Haron 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Telesonography systems have been developed to overcome barriers to accessing diagnostic ultrasound for patients in rural and remote communities. However, most previous telesonography systems have been designed for performing only abdominal and obstetrical exams. In this paper, we describe the development and assessment of a musculoskeletal (MSK) telesonography system.

Methods
We developed a 4-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) robot to manipulate an ultrasound probe. The robot was remotely controlled by a radiologist operating a joystick at the master site. The telesonography system was used to scan participants’ forearms, and all participants were conventionally scanned for comparison. Participants and radiologists were surveyed regarding their experience. Images from both scanning methods were independently assessed by an MSK radiologist.

Results
All ten ultrasound exams were successfully performed using our developed MSK telesonography system, with no significant delay in movement. The duration (mean ± standard deviation) of telerobotic and conventional exams was 4.6 ± 0.9 and 1.4 ± 0.5 min, respectively (p = 0.039). An MSK radiologist rated quality of real-time ultrasound images transmitted over an internet connection as “very good” for all telesonography exams, and participants rated communication with the radiologist as “very good” or “good” for all exams. Visualisation of anatomic structures was similar between telerobotic and conventional methods, with no statistically significant differences.

Conclusions
The MSK telesonography system developed in this study is feasible for performing soft tissue ultrasound exams. The advancement of this system may allow MSK ultrasound exams to be performed over long distances, increasing access to ultrasound for patients in rural and remote communities.
Induction of colorectal carcinogenesis in the C57BL/6J and A/J mouse strains with a reduced DSS dose in the AOM/DSS model
Authors: Arnesen Henriette , Müller Mette Helen Bjørge , Aleksandersen Mona , Østby Gunn Charlotte , Carlsen Harald , Paulsen Jan Erik , Boysen Preben 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide and thus mouse models of CRC are of significant value to study the pathogenesis. The Azoxymethane/Dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS) model is a widely used, robust initiation-promotion model for chemical induction of colitis-associated CRC in rodents. However, the dosage of chemicals, treatment regimens and outcome measures vary greatly among studies employing this model. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine an AOM/DSS model involving a reduced (1%) dose of DSS for induction of carcinogenesis in A/J and C57BL/6J (B6) mice.ResultsWe show that colonic preneoplastic lesions can be reliably detected in A/J and B6 mice by use of a AOM/DSS model involving a single injection of 10 mg/kg AOM followed by three 7-day cycles of a low-dose (1%) DSS administration. Supporting existing evidence of A/J mice exhibiting higher susceptibility to AOM than B6 mice, our AOM/DSS-treated A/J mice developed the highest number of large colonic lesions. Clinical symptoms in both strains subjected to the AOM/DSS treatment did not persist in-between treatment cycles, demonstrating that the animals tolerated the treatment well.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that a reduced dose of DSS in the AOM/DSS model can be considered in future studies of early phase colorectal carcinogenesis in the A/J and B6 mouse strains using preneoplastic lesions as an outcome measure, and that such regimen may reduce the risk of early trial terminations to accommodate human endpoints. Overall, our data emphasize the importance of devoting attention towards choice of protocol, outcome measures and mouse strain in studies of CRC in mice according to the study purpose.