bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implication of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor In Homocysteine Induced Age related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Samra Yara A. , Kira Dina , Rajpurohit Pragya , Mohamed Riyaz , Owen Leah , Shakoor Akbar , Kim Ivana , DeAngelis Margaret M. , Sheibani Nader , Al-Shabrawey Mohamed , Tawfik Amany 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background: Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in old people. Elevated homocysteine (Hcy), known as Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) was reported in association with AMD. We previously reported that HHcy induces AMD like features. The current study suggests activation of N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells as a mechanism for HHcy-induced AMD. Serum Hcy and cystathione-β-synthase enzyme (CBS) were assessed by ELISA in AMD patients. The involvement of NMDAR in Hcy’s induced AMD features were evaluated 1)-In-vitro using ARPE-19 cells, primary RPE isolated from mice model of HHcy (CBS) and mouse choroidal endothelial cells (MCEC). 2)-In-vivo using wild type mice and mice deficient in RPE cells NMDAR (NMDARR -/-) with/without intravitreal injection of Hcy. Expression of retinal isolectin-B4, Ki67, HIF-1α, VEGF, NMDAR1 and albumin were assessed by immunofluorescence (IF), Western blot (WB), Optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescein angiography (FA) to evaluate retinal structure, fluorescein leakage and development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in living mice. Results: Serum of the neovascular AMD patients showed significant increase in Hcy and decrease in CBS levels. Moreover, Hcy significantly increased angiogenic markers; HIF-1α, VEGF and NMDAR in RPE cells and Ki67 in MCEC. Hcy-injected WT mice showed disrupted retinal morphology and development of CNV. Knocking down NMDAR in RPE improved retinal structure and CNV induction.Conclusion: Our findings underscore the potential role for NMDAR in RPE cells in mediating Hcy-induced features of AMD and CNV induction, thus NMDAR inhibition could provide a promising therapeutic target for AMD.
RyR1-mediated moderate endoplasmic reticulum stress is required for myogenic differentiation of myoblasts
Authors: Qiu Kai , Wang Yubo , Xu Doudou , He Linjuan , Zhang Xin , Yan Enfa , Yin Jingdong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCytosolic Ca2+ plays vital roles in myogenesis and muscle development. Key mutations of ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1), a major Ca2+ release channel of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), are main causes of severe congenital myopathies. The role of RyR1 in myogenic differentiation has attracted intense research interest, however, it remains unclear. MethodsThis study employed RyR1-knockdown myoblasts and CRISPR/Cas9-based RyR1-knockout myoblasts cells to explore the role of RyR1 in myogenic differentiation, myotube formation as well as the potential mechanism of RyR1-related myopathies.ResultsCytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration was significantly elevated during myogenic differentiation of both primary myogenic cells and myoblasts C2C12 cells, accompanied with a dramatic increase in RyR1 expression and resultant ER stress. Inhibition of RyR1 by siRNA-mediated silence or chemical inhibitor, dantrolene, significantly reduced cytosolic Ca2+, alleviated ER stress, and blocked multinucleated myotube formation. Moderate activation of ER stress effectively relieved myogenic differentiation stagnation induced by RyR1 suppression and demonstrated that RyR1 modulates myogenic differentiation via activation of Ca2+ -induced ER stress signaling. RyR1 knockout-induced Ca2+ leakage led to severe ER stress and excessive unfolded protein response, and drove cell fate from differentiation into apoptosis. ConclusionsTherefore, we concluded that dramatic increase in RyR1 expression is required for myogenic differentiation, and RyR1-mediated Ca2+ release leading to the activation of ER stress signaling serves a double-edged sword role during myogenic differentiation. This study contributes to a novel understanding of the role of RyR1 in muscle development and related congenital myopathies, and provides a potential target for regulation of muscle regeneration and tissue engineering.
Hydrochemical Characteristics and Ion Sources of River Water in the Upstream of the Shiyang River, China
Authors: Zhang ZhiYuan , Jia Wenxiong , Zhu Guofeng , Shi Yang , Xiong Hui , Yang Le , Zhang Miaomiao , Zhang Fuhua 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
As the largest tributary of the Shiyang River, with the average annual inflow of total runoff accounting for 23%, the Xiying River has representative of mountain runoff of inland rivers in the Northwest of China. Using samples collected in this basin from September 2016 to October 2017, the water chemical composition and ion source characteristics of river were studied. The results show that the river is weakly alkaline, the average pH is 8.0 and the TDS is 179.29 mg·L-1. With the elevation decreasing along the river, the TDS of main stream tend to increase firstly and then decrease, but those of TDS of each tributary decrease, and latter is lower than the former. Affected significantly by the flow, the lowest value of ion concentration in river occurs in summer, and the highest occurs in autumn and winter. The hydrochemical type of river is CaMg-HCO3. In the river, the order of cation mass concentration is NH4+<K+<Na+<Mg2+<Ca2+, and that of anion is F-<NO3-<Cl-<SO42-<HCO3-. The sources of ions in river are mainly from the weathering of Silicates and Carbonates. With the elevation decreasing along the river, the influence of Silicates on the inflowing tributaries is gradually strengthened.
Keystone Design Perforator Island Flap for Closure of the Anterolateral Thigh Flap Donor Site: a Case Series and Our Experience
Authors: Cai Feiyu , Liu Yanshi , Liu Kai , Jielile Jiasharete , Yusufu Aihemaitijiang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose: With the development of microsurgical techniques, the anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap has been widely used in reconstruction of various soft-tissue defects. However, there were few studies focusing on the closure of the ALT flap donor site, especially when the width of the harvested ALT flap was more than 6 cm. The purpose of this study was to share our experience of using Keystone Design Perforator Island Flap (KDPIF) to repair the ALT flap donor site where can’t be closed without a skin graft.Method: A retrospective study was used to analyze 12 patients who underwent the reconstruction of the ALT flap donor site using KDPIF from February 2018 to December 2020. Demographics, flap characteristics, surgical technique, postoperative complications, Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) score, and Scar Cosmesis Assessment and Rating (SCAR) score were statistically analyzed.Results: 12 patients (10 males, 2 females) with the mean age 47.5 years (range, 27-66 years) were included in this study. All ALT flap donor sites were closed by the KDPIF. The mean size of the harvested ALT flap (the donor site size) was 8.1 cm × 14.4 cm (range from 8.0 cm × 11.0 cm to 9.0 cm × 21.0 cm), and the mean size of keystone flap was 9.1 cm × 16.4 cm (range from 8.0 cm × 13.0 cm to 12.0 cm × 19.0 cm). At the mean follow-up of 8.3 months (range, 6-12 months), two patients suffered from the skin infection around the flap, which was controlled under the treatment of wound dressing change and oral antibiotics. Wound dehiscence, osteofascial compartment syndrome (OCS), venous return disorder, and skin necrosis were not presented in any patients. All patients were evaluated at the final follow-up with ASS core (mean, 6.7; range, 5-8) and SCAR core (mean, 7.3; range, 6-9).Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the KDPIF that can be used to close the ALT flap donor site primarily is an effective and alternative treatment for patients with a the width of the donor site more than 6 cm including the advantages of high survival rate, low morbidity, good aesthetics, and simple operation.
WITHDRAWN: Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on coronary function evaluated by quantitative flow ratio in patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: ye zhen , chen qin , zhong jiaxin , chen long , chen lihua , ye mingfang , yan yuanming , chen lianglong , luo yukun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
The co-existence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) seems to reduce the therapeutic benefits from interventional technology in patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD). But the influence of T2DM on coronary disease still lacks the evidence from a perspective of functional assessment. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the impact of T2DM on coronary function in patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) through the new functional evaluation approach that is quantitative flow ratio (QFR).
Methods
Patients who underwent successful PCI and one-year angiographic follow-up were retrospectively screened and analyzed by QFR. Based on co-presence or absence of T2DM at the time of first admission or first discharge, 677 enrolled patients (794 lesions) were classifed into DM group (211 patients, 261 lesions) and Non-DM group (466 patients, 533 lesions). The post-PCI QFR, follow-up QFR, change value of QFR and incidence of functional restenosis were compared between the two groups.
Results
The two groups reached similar levels of post-PCI QFR (0.95 ± 0.09 vs. 0.96 ± 0.06, p = 0.292), but after one year follow-up, the degree of QFR decline in the DM group was more severe (-0.02 ± 0.09 vs. -0.01 ± 0.07, p = 0.023), leading to the follow-up QFR was lower than the Non-DM group (0.93 ± 0.11 vs. 0.96 ± 0.07, p < 0.001). What's more, the incidence of functional restenosis in the DM group increased significantly within one year (10.0% vs. 4.7%, p = 0.004).
Conclusion
T2DM can accelerate the functional decline of target coronary vessels after successful PCI.
Microrna-2392 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor Gene and Inhibits Malignant Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Via Directly Targeting JAG2
Authors: Sun Bin , Ji Weidan , Liu Chunying , Lin Xuejing , Chen Lei , Qian Haihua , Su Changqing 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Dysregulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression in various cancers and their vital roles in malignant progression of cancers are well investigated. Our previous studies have analyzed miRNAs that promote malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), this study aim to systematically elucidate metastasis suppressor miRNAs in HCC.
Results

miR-2392 was significantly down-regulated in HCC. Overexpression of miR-2392 suppressed proliferation, mobility, spheroid formation and maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSC)-like characteristics in HCC cell lines, whereas down-regulation of miR-2392 led to the opposite results. CTCs from HCC patients with lower serum miR-2392 level had stronger cell spheroid formation ability. A negative correlation between the content of miR-2392 in serum and the number of CTC spheroids had been found. We identified Jagged2 (JAG2) as a direct target of miR-2392, miR-2392 inhibited the expression and nuclear accumulation of JAG2 by targeting 3’-UTR of JAG2. HCC cells were treated with LV-miR-2392 inhibitor and JAG2-siRNA to explore the mechanism of miR-2392 and JAG2 on HCC. Down-regulation of JAG2 inhibited the overexpression effects of miR-2392 in vitro and in vivo. JAG2 is highly expressed in HCC and is closely related to poor prognosis and survival of patients.
Conclusions

Our findings indicated a significant role of the miR-2392/JAG2 axis in suppressing HCC cell growth and aggressiveness, miR-2392 may play a role as a tumor suppressor gene to guide the individualized precise treatment of HCC.
Genome-Wide Association Analysis for Liveweight Traits in Braunvieh Cattle
Authors: Zepeda-Batista José Luis , Nuñez-Domínguez Rafael , Ramírez-Valverde Rodolfo , Ruíz-Flores Agustín , Jahuey-Martínez Francisco Joel , Parra-Bracamonte Gaspar Manuel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A genome-wide association study (GWAS) for liveweight traits of Braunvieh cattle was performed. The study included 300 genotyped animals by the GeneSeek® Genomic Profiler Bovine LDv.4 panel; after quality control, 22,734 SNP and 276 animals were maintained in the analysis. The examined phenotypic data considered birth, weaning, and yearling weights. The association analysis was performed using the principal components method via the egscore function of the GenABEL version 1.8-0 package in the R environment. The marker rs133262280 located in BTA 22 was associated with birth weight, and two SNPs were associated with weaning weight, rs43668789 (BTA 11) and rs136155567 (BTA 27). New QTL associated with these liveweight traits and four positional and functional candidate genes potentially involved in variations of the analyzed traits were identified. The most important genes in these genomic regions were MCM2 (minichromosome maintenance complex component 2), TPRA1 (transmembrane protein adipocyte associated 1), GALM (galactose mutarotase), and NRG1 (neuregulin 1), with relationships with embryonic cleavage, bone and tissue growth, cell adhesion, and organic development. This study is the first to present a GWAS conducted in Braunvieh cattle in Mexico and represents a basis for future research. Further analyses of found associated regions will clarify its contribution to the genetic basis of growth-related traits.
Potential Biological Molecules and Immune Cell for Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Lesions
Authors: Yang Mingyi , Su Yani , Ma Yao , Xu Ke , Yirixiati Aihaiti , Xu Peng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Objective: To study the potential biomarkers and related pathways in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial lesions, as well as immune cell, to provide theoretical basis and research directions for the mechanism and treatment of RA. Methods: Download the RA synovial tissue microarray data set (GSE77298, GSE55457 and GSE55235) from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), The“limma” package of R to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), DAVIA Perform GO (Gene Ontology, gene ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, Kyoto Gene Encyclopedia) enrichment analysis. STRING (Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes) constructs a Protein Protein Interaction Network (PPI), R screens Hub genes, and mines targeted miRNAs of Hub genes based on multiple databases. In R,the immune cell of RA synovial tissue samples are obtained through the three packages of "e1071", "parallel" and "preprocessCore" with "CIBERSORT" software. Results: Ten Hub genes (KIAA0101, FOXM1, EGFR, CDC20, BUB1B, TYMS, TOP2A, RRM2, JUN and CCNA2) and 2 key miRNAs (miR-520d-5p and miR) related to RA synovial lesions were finally identified -139-5p), significantly enriched in epithelial cell signaling, ECM-receptor interaction, estrogen signaling pathway, cell cycle, ErbB signaling pathway and GnRH signaling pathway in Helicobacter pylori infection. Immune cell analysis found that resting dendritic cells, B cells memory, dendritic cells activated, plasma cells, macrophages M1, mast cells resting and T cells regulatory have high expression in RA, while neutrophils, B cells naive and natural killer cells activated have low expression in RA. Conclusion:The Hub genes, key miRNAs, related pathways, and immune cell obtained in this study provide a certain basis for the etiology and treatment of RA synovial lesions.
Improving the Quality of Life of Adults With Cancer and Their Family Caregivers in Sub-saharan Africa: Intervention Development
Authors: Gabriel Israel , Creedy Debra , Coyne Elizabeth 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

The evidence for the efficacy of interventions aimed at enhancing the quality of life of cancer patients and/or family members is compelling, but most of the interventions were carried out in high-income countries. Despite high needs that adversely affect the quality of life of people living with cancer and their family caregivers, there is a lack of culturally sensitive interventions for low-income communities. As a result, designing an intervention in resource-poor setting to address the needs and support coping strategies of individuals with cancer and their family caregivers is critical.
Methods

The intervention content and structure were developed using the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model for designing evidence-based interventions. A systematic review and quantitative needs assessment of adults with cancer and their family caregivers were previously undertaken. Based on these results, problem was defined, target behaviours were selected and specified, a comprehensive behavioural diagnosis was conducted, and the Taxonomy of Behaviour Change Techniques was used to identify behaviour change techniques and mode of delivery.
Results

Adults with cancer and their family members' needs were addressed through a 120-minute training intervention delivered in a face-to-face group setting, with a four-week follow-up. This intervention incorporates eleven behaviour change techniques of goals and planning; feedback and monitoring; social support; shaping knowledge; natural consequences; comparison of behaviour; associations; repetition and substitution; comparison of outcomes; reward and threat; and self-belief.
Conclusion

A systemic approach was used to explicitly conceptualise an evidence-based and theory-informed intervention tailored to the target population and setting. The proposed intervention addressed previous evidence gaps for the Nigerian user population of adults living with cancer and their family caregivers. Therefore, if implemented and effective, such an intervention has the potential to improve the quality of life of people living with cancer and their families, as well as the intervention's implementation in clinical practice and communities in other low and middle-income countries.
Prediction of Aerodynamic Characteristics in Upper Airways with Lateral Cephalograms
Authors: Feng Xin , Chen Yicheng , Cai Weihua , Lie Stein Atle , Hellén-Halme Kristina , Shi Xie-Qi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The lateral cephalogram is a common imaging diagnostic test for adenoid hypertrophy (AH) in clinics. The study aims to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics within the upper airway (UA) by employing a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. Furthermore, airflow features are compared between subgroups according to the adenoidal nasopharyngeal (AN) ratios.Methods: This retrospective study included thirty-five cases involving individuals aged 9-15 years who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of having both a lateral cephalogram and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging that covered the UA region. Based on the three-dimensional (3D) models of the UA segmented from the CBCT images, the aerodynamic characteristics at inspiration and expiration were simulated by the CFD method. The studied aerodynamic parameters were pressure drop (△P), maximum midsagittal velocity (Vms), maximum wall shear stress (Pws), and minimum wall static pressure (Pw). The cases were divided into two subgroups: Group 1 was comprised of cases with an AN ratio < 0.6 and Group 2 with an AN ratio ≥ 0.6. The aerodynamic parameters were compared between the two groups. Results: The maximum Vms exhibits nearly 30% increases in Group 2 at both inspiration (p = 0.013) and expiration (p = 0.045) compared to Group 1. For the other aerodynamic parameters such as △P, the maximum Pws, and minimum Pw, no significant difference is found between the two groups. Conclusions: The maximum Vms is the most sensitive aerodynamic parameter for the groups of cases. An AN ratio of more than 0.6 measured on a lateral cephalogram may predict the noticeably increased maximum Vms, which could assist clinicians in estimating the airflow features in the UA.
A Rare Case of Combined Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma Arising from Uterine Adenomyosis and Clear Cell Carcinoma Arising from Parametrial Deep Endometriosis
Authors: Huang Yu , Luo Fangyuan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Simultaneously malignant transformation from both uterine adenomyoma and deep endometriotic lesions is very rare. Case presentation: We present a case of a 44-year-old nulliparous woman begun with abdominal pain and intestinal obstruction. Past medical history showed laparoscopic ovarian endometriotic cyst excision. Ultrasound indicated adenomyoma and a parametrial hypoechoic nodule with abundant blood flow signals and unclear boundaries. Deep invasive endometriosis was considered preoperatively. The patient underwent laparoscopic subextensive hysterectomy and bilateral adnexa resection. Chocolate cyst-like lesion was observed in the parametiral lesion. Postoperative pathological examinations suggested endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from eutopic endometrium and adenomyoma. Left parametrial lesions suggested poorly differentiated endometrioid adenocarcinoma combined with clear cell carcinoma. CD10+ endometrial stromal cells was observed surrounding tumor cell masses. The patient underwent subsequent transabdominal tumor cell reduction surgery and chemotherapy.Conclusion: Combined with surgical founding and pathological characters of the left parametrial adenocarcinoma, it was more likely to be carcinomatous changes of the original deep endometriosis.
Dosimetric Parameters Associated with the Long-Term Oncologic Outcomes of Gamma Knife Surgery for Sellar and Parasellar Tumors in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Lee Eun Jung , Lee Ji Yeoun , Kim Jin-Wook , Phi Ji-Hoon , Kim Yong Hwy , Kim Seung-Ki , Chung Hyun-Tai , Wang Kyu-Chang , Kim Dong Gyu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Purpose

We aimed to investigate the dosimetric parameter and the minimally required dose associated with long-term control of sellar and parasellar tumors after gamma knife surgery (GKS) in children.
Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed on pediatric patients under the age of 19 who were diagnosed with sellar and parasellar tumors and received GKS in our institution from 1998 to 2019. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to investigate the dosimetric parameters associated with treatment outcome. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze tumor control rates after GKS.
Results

Thirty-seven patients with 40 sellar and parasellar tumors, including 22 craniopharyngiomas and 12 pituitary adenomas, were followed up for a mean of 85.8 months. The gross target volume was 0.05 − 15.28 cm3, and the mean marginal dose was 15.8 Gy (range, 9.6–30.0 Gy). Ten patients experienced treatment failure at 28.0 ± 26.7 months. The actuarial 5- and 10-year tumor control rates were 79.0% and 69.8%, respectively. D98% was an independent predictive factor of tumor control (p = 0.007, hazard ratio 0.846, 95% confidence interval 0.749–0.956), with cutoff values of 11.5 Gy in the entire cohort and 10 Gy in the craniopharyngioma group. Visual deterioration occurred in two patients with the maximum point dose of 10.1 Gy and 10.6 Gy to the optic apparatus.
Conclusion

D98% is a reliable index of the minimum required dose for long-term control of sellar and parasellar tumors after GKS. The optimal D98% value for each diagnosis needs to be elucidated in the future.