bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discharge of drill cuttings in the Arctic seas and responses of bottom fauna: bivalve Mytilus edulis L.
Authors: Gudimov A V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Drill cuttings are the largest solid waste of drilling operations. Onsite discharge of drill cuttings into the marine environment is relevant and can be permitted under certain conditions and regulations. Environmental impact of the on-site discharge of drill cuttings is poorly understood for the Arctic shelf. A risk assessment of the discharge is required and the related biological effects are estimated in bioassays on various local species. The sublethal screening tests of water-soluble fraction of drill cutting (WSF DC) were performed on a test-organism of the Barents Sea coast, blue mussel, Mytilus edulis. Physiological (oxygen consumption and filtration rates) and behavioral (shell gaping) activity of mussels was affected by the tested WSF DC above the certain threshold concentration. In general, biological effects of WSF DC might be assumed as a toxic stress of low intensity. Behavioral responses are the most sensitive in blue mussels and behavior of this sentinel organism is to be applied as a reliable indicator of environmental stress. Environmental impact from the drill cuttings of water based drilling fluid appears to be less toxic-stressful for M. edulis and many other bottom invertebrates than it might be expected from release of some drilling fluids.
Ecological and biological features of silver birch (Betula pendula) in the conditions of an industrial city
Authors: Zaripova R S , Kolpakova M V , Smirnova A V , Sabirov I T , Galiev L M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article provides data on phenology, on the content of ascorbic acid in Betula pendula Roth., growing in the conditions of the industrial city of Naberezhnye Chelny in the Republic of Tatarstan, which is a region of the Russian Federation. It is noted that natural phytocenoses are characterized by lower air temperatures in comparison with plantations of sanitary protection zones of industrial enterprises and highway plantings. According to phenological data, in urban plantings, there was observed an increase in defects, a decrease in the vital state, which is associated with severe damage to leaf blades, the formation of leaf necrosis, a decrease in the living area of leaves, which is a consequence of an intense technogenic load on woody plants. It was revealed that the content of ascorbic acid in birch leaves depends on the vegetation stage.
Assessment of acoustic pollution of areas bordering highways
Authors: Antonenko E V , Yu Melnichuk A , Popovich V V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The work is devoted to the peculiarities of acoustic pollution of roadside territories. The studied territory is characterized by uneven acoustic load on the experimental sections of the highways of the Republic of Crimea, which is associated with the peculiarities of traffic flow and technical characteristics of cars. The article considers the indicators of the equivalent and maximum levels of motor vehicle noise. As the research result, the excess of noise level from 10 to 30 dBA was revealed. The maximum level of acoustic pollution was recorded in 10-meter zone, at a distance of 30 m from the noise source the level of acoustic pollution is reduced to 5-10 dBA.
The experimental research of sorption and destruction of diesel fuel by fucus algae of the Barents sea
Authors: Voskoboinikov G , Pugovkin D , Metelkova L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
There was shown the role of live and dry algae Fucus vesiculosus (Phaeophyceae) in the purification of the coastal waters from petroleum products. It was revealed that live algae can be effectively used for preventive, daily purification of marine water, when the content of diesel fuel does not exceed 3 mg/l. For the first time, the prospect of using dry fucus for bioremediation of marine water in emergencies creating a concentration of petroleum products in water of 1 g/l has been determined. In the case of using living plants to neutralize toxicant, the decisive role in the process belongs to the symbiotic association of algae and hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria. In case of using dry algae, dried macrophytes become a reservoir for the accumulation of diesel fuel. The main work on the destruction of hydrocarbons, probably, lies on HOB, as well as on physicochemical processes. Metabolic processes inherent in living algae and leading to the destruction of petroleum hydrocarbons weren’t determined in this case.
Activation of Artemia cysts with the use of different substances
Authors: Dyakovskaya Ekaterina , Pishchenko Elena , Moryzi Irina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study was to study the use of hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid of different concentrations as an activator for the incubation of artemia cysts. The work was carried out on cysts of artemia taken from several lakes of the Novosibirsk region (Western Siberia). During incubation, a standard method was used: the salinity of the water was 3%, the water temperature was 28□C, continuous aeration was carried out, constant illumination was 2000 lux. An activator was added to the water at different concentrations: ascorbic acid - 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 g/l; hydrogen peroxide - 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; 1. The maximum hatching was observed at a concentration of 0.6 g/l of hydrogen peroxide, 82% for cysts from Lake Sakhalin and 68% - from Lake Barbashi. When using ascorbic acid, the maximum hatching of cysts was observed at a concentration of 0.1 g/l: Sakhalin - 81.4, Pokrovka - 75.3 and Barbashi - 66.7%. When using other concentrations of activators, the percentage of cysts hatching decreased. The obtained results indicate the need to select the activating substance and its concentration of activation of cysts for each lake individually.
Adaptive and pathological responses of cyprinidae liver towards habitat in the Volga delta
Authors: Burlakov Ivan , Volkova Irina , Kryuchkov Vicktor , Egorova Vera , Seidalieva Leila 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Human impact on ecosystems makes it imperative to monitor populations of different fish species from various perspectives. The consequence of environmental impact on living organisms is the reactions of organs and organ systems, which find their reflection in pathological changes in the fish body particularly. Reactions in the fish body are the result of the combined influence of environmental factors and natural physiological processes associated with feeding, migrations, generative cycles, etc. The changes in the structure of organs detected in fish make it possible to assess the influence of the environment on fish. The research was carried out in the Volga delta, the Bereket (upper delta) and the Kostyl (lower delta) rivers. Reservoirs for research were chosen in such a way that they were subject to anthropogenic influence to varying degrees. Unfavorable living environment represented by pollutants increase the functional load on the liver. The research has shown an increase in the liver index in fish from reservoirs with a higher level of anthropogenic load. Metabolic functioning of liver cells is considered as an important protective mechanism against toxicants, while the associated transformations are somehow connected with detoxification. Histological preparations were made according to standard methods.
Baikal endemic sponge disease and anthropogenic factor
Authors: Maikova O , Bukshuk N , Kravtsova L , Nebesnyh I , Yakhnenko A , Butina T , Khanaev I 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article presents the results of observations of the state of the Baikal endemic sponge fauna (Fam. Lubomirskiidae) in the five-year dynamics against the background of their mass mortality. We indicate the change in the projective bottom cover with healthy and diseased sponges at two sites that are radically different from each other in the level of anthropogenic pressure. We also analyse the types of diseases and sponge species exposed to these at the study sites. We observe a significant decrease in the area of the projective bottom cover with healthy sponges both at the site experiencing heavy anthropogenic pressure and at the site where it is almost absent. However, our data have indicated great influence of the anthropogenic factor on the course of the disease and death of sponges. Degradation of sponges at the anthropogenically unfavourable site began much earlier than that at the site with the minimum anthropogenic impact. The most common species are the most susceptible to all types of diseases. At the same time, there is a catastrophic decrease in the abundance of the only branching species in Lake Baikal, Lubomirskia baikalensis.
Anthropogenic plutonium radioisotopes in the ecosystem components of Sevastopol Bay (the Black Sea)
Authors: Paraskiv A , Tereshchenko N , Proskurnin V , Chuzhikova-Proskurnina O , Trapeznikov A , Plataev A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Modern levels (2010-2020) of 239+240Pu activity concentration in Sevastopol Bay (Black Sea) surface waters, 0-5 cm layer of bottom sediments and hydrobionts were determined by multistage radiochemical technique. The 239+240Pu activity concentrations in Sevastopol Bay surface water were on relatively low level: 1.08±0.09 - 1.54±0.17 mBqnr3. The maximum value of 239+240Pu activity concentration in the bottom sediments surface layer was observed in Sevastopol Bay mouth (993±90 mBqkg1) and it decreased with distance from the bay entrance to its tail end down to the minimum value - 276±53 mBqkg1. Based on these results as well as on published data the 239+240Pu deposition density distribution in the bay boxes and their inventory in 0-5 cm layer of bottom sediments were estimated in every boxes. Total 239+240Pu inventory in the bottom sediments surface layer was estimated at 121 MBq, with the highest deposition density value determined in the mouth part of the bay. Among studied hydrobiont species the highest 239+240Pu content was determined for mollusks (for their shells) Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck, 1819) while the lowest - for fish Scorpaena poreus (Linnaeus, 1758). Accumulation ability of studied ecosystem components of Sevastopol Bay against 239+240Pu was characterized by evaluating concentration factors (Cf). It was shown that the bottom sediments of the bay were the main depot for plutonium anthropogenic radionucludes (Cf (239+240Pu) = n-105). The Cf (239+240Pu) were from two to three orders of magnitude lower for the hydrobionts of the bay: n-103 for brown algae and mollusks and n-102 for green algae and fish.
Black Sea turbot sperm motility depending on the dilution of seawater
Authors: Baiandina Iu 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The sperm motility of fish reflects their fertilizing ability. Sperm activation in fish with external fertilization occurs in an isotonic medium (sea or freshwater). The duration of sperm motility is a compromise between the level of energy reserves possessed by the sperm and the process of osmotic damage it experiences in the activating medium. Under natural conditions, various biotic and abiotic factors can affect the characteristics of motility. At the same time, when assessing the reproductive potential of males in laboratory conditions, the dilution and methods of its activation have a significant effect on the characteristics of sperm quality (namely, speed, the proportion of motile spermatozoa, and the time of their activity). In our work, we determined the main characteristics of the motility of the Black Sea turbot sperm at a dilution of 1:10 and 1: 100 with seawater. We have shown that, the average speed and percentage of motile sperm significantly decrease with higher dilution of seawater.
Investigation of air pollution with fine dust during repair and construction work inside premises
Authors: Evtushenko Alexandr , Lupinogin Vladislav , Kaluzgina Ekaterina , Strelyaeva Alexandra , Sakharova Anastasia 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A study of the dispersed composition of dust for various types of repair in warehouses has been carried out. The data on the concentration of dust emissions inside the premises were obtained. The dependence of the dust concentration on the distance from the place of work, the size of the emitted particles, the area of the room and the time spent on the work is built. An assessment is given of the impact of reconstruction work in warehouses on environmental pollution by dust emissions. The concentration and ratio of PM2.5 to PM10 particles were calculated to determine dustiness and negative impact on the environment.
Innovative directions for improving energy efficiency in the industrial sector: environmental aspect
Authors: Armashova-Telnik G , Bobovich T , Terentyeva Y , Semenova V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To date, there is a need to improve the energy efficiency of Russian industry, which is due to the main aspects of the state of domestic energy. World experience demonstrates that it is. Among such tools, automated control systems can be distinguished, which allow for accurate and fast monitoring of energy consumption, as a result of which the reliability of accounting becomes higher, energy costs are optimized. Accounting for energy resources is a strategically important task, on which the economy of any country directly depends. Currently, energy occupies a central place in the efforts of the international community to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, which is related to ensuring international energy security. Currently, energy occupies a central place in the efforts of the international community to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, which is related to ensuring international energy security. The strategic guidelines for improving energy efficiency are the directions of development of digitalization mechanisms and optimization of the functioning of environmental policy in the energy sector. Digitalization and automation of production processes is one of the most effective tools for changing the current situation.
Obtaining environmentally friendly cable PVC composites
Authors: Mazitova A K , Aminova G K , Zaripov I I , Klyavlin M S , Vikhareva I N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Polyvinyl chloride compositions are very popular in the cable industry. The range of domestic fireproof cable PVC plastics is limited to several manufactured brands that were developed more than 30 years ago and do not meet modern international standards. The creation of new environmentally friendly formulations of fireproof cable plastics with improved operational properties is an urgent task. This paper describes a method of synthesizing a novel ester compound of phenyl dixylenyl phosphate. The conditions for its production with maximum yield are selected. Physicochemical properties of the new flame retardant are studied. A non-toxic biodegradable PVC composition based on a plasticizer of dibutoxyethyl adipate and a novel flame retardant is formulated. The results of tests of the developed PVC-composite on the main indicators for cable products of the I40-13 brand are presented.
Investigation of the process of moisture loss during refrigerated storage of fish
Authors: Neverov Evgeniy , Korotkiy Igor , Korotkaya Elena , Neverova Olga , Proskuryakova Larisa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The purpose of current work is to study the effect of carbon dioxide on the shrinkage of smoked fish and to develop a technical solution for the implementation of technology with the use of CO2 in fish trade. We use mackerel, flounder and crucian carp as test samples. The studies were carried out in two versions: storage of fish in a chamber under traditional conditions and with the addition of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the refrigerating chamber. The use of carbon dioxide gas during the storage of smoked fish leads to an increase in the water-holding capacity of the fish in comparison with the traditional storage method. In our proposed method of storage in a cold atmosphere with CO2, fish shrinkage is reduced. The carbonate ions well bind water molecules in the hydration shell due to positive hydration, which slows down the processes of hydrolysis and oxidation of lipids inside the subcutaneous layer and preserves the moisture-retaining capacity of tissues. Thus, the use of carbon dioxide in the storage of smoked fish reduces weight loss and does not affect the appearance of the fish.
Non-alcoholic carbonated tonic drink technology development from grape pomace
Authors: Sergeev Mikhail , Yermolin Dmitry , Yermolina Galina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article presents research non-alcoholic carbonated tonic drink technology development from grape pomace. It was found that Ancellotta grape pomace extraction optimal regime is 60-65 °C at least 2 hours. Pomace volume fraction in the drink should be 3%, phenols mass concentration – 200 mg/l, anthocyanin allows to get a product with a soft pink color – 10 mg/l. Drink’s sugars mass concentration is 60 g/l, titrating acids – 3 g/l.
Anatomical cutting of gutted carcases of broiler chickens of the Smena-9 cross
Authors: Makhonina V , Agafonychev V 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The creation of a new cross “Smena-9” is aimed at reducing import dependence in the production of poultry products. In order to assess the meat raw material potential, morphological indicators of gutted carcasses of broiler chickens of the Smena-9 cross and individual parts were determined. The research used 5 carcasses of broilers from a batch of 38 days of age, weight, g: 1457.80; 1487.50; 1508.10; 1548.20; 1567.0. Separate parts – chest, thighs, drumsticks, legs and wings were anatomically divided into their components [muscles, skin, fat and bones with a residual lump]. The results of the experimental part of the research are reduced to average indicators: the average weight of a gutted carcass, individual parts and their components. It was found that the yield of the breast part is 36.0% [meat tissue 30.9%], the yield of the drumsticks – 29.9% [thighs – 16.45%, legs – 13.45%], wings – 10.75%, while flesh makes up 30.9%, 24.9%, and 7.8%, respectively, which exceeds the same indicators of domestic crosses. It was determined that the total yield of the breast and legs of the Smena-9 cross [65.9%] is higher by 5.3% for carcasses weighing 1600 g and by 8.8% for carcasses weighing 1850 g; for flesh, the excess is 5.8% and 5.2%, respectively. The obtained results serve as the basis for the development of normative documentation for parts of carcasses and their components of the Smena-9 cross and a system for assessing the effectiveness of equipment for cutting and deboning by the degree of approximation of the results of its operation to similar indicators for anatomical cutting and deboning.
Diagnostics of counterfeit food products
Authors: Sandakova S , Motina N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In Russia, the concept of counterfeiting is defined as “Counterfeit food products are food products that are deliberately modified (fake) and (or) have hidden properties and quality, information about which is deliberately incomplete or unreliable” [5]. According to this definition, the main sign of counterfeiting is the willfulness of counterfeiting or willful concealment of information about the properties of products that are not obvious to the buyer. For laboratory testing activities, counterfeiting is basically one of two possible identification results, i.e. compliance or non-compliance of products with the requirements established by the technical regulations of the Customs Union, legislative, regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. The most commonly identified nonconformity, in addition to food safety requirements, is an unreliable composition.
Morphological and anatomical features of winter rye leaves development
Authors: Kargatova A M , Stepanov S A 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDifferences of rye varieties in the length of lamina and sheath 1 - 6 from spike of the lamina and leaf sheath, width and area of the lamina were shown. The highest values of the studied leaf parameters were peculiar to the alien varieties of winter rye. It was found that foreign varieties were characterized by a smaller proportion of the plate area of the three upper leaves and a larger proportion for the 4th and 5th leaves (in % of the total leaf plate area). A characteristic feature of the laminae of the upper two leaves of winter rye is the absence of trichomes, instead of them there are spines 12 µm long, which are located above the conductive bundles on the adaxial side of the lamina. Stomata were located on both sides of the leaf, but there were more of them on the adaxial side of the lamina, where they were arranged in one or two rows on the flanks of the conductive bundles. Strong sclerification of conductive bundles was noted. In the most developed conducting bundles, sclerenchyma fibers were observed on both sides of the leaf lamina. The presence of stomata at the leaf sheath on both adaxial and abaxial sides is revealed. It was shown that the contribution of each leaf of upper and middle phytomeres to the total leaf area of winter rye varieties under study is different, which is important to consider when assessing their importance in the photosynthetic potential of plants.
Impact of impulse irrigation in different phases of the growing season on rice yield in the Krasnodar Territory
Authors: Malysheva N , Kizinek S , Khadzhidi A , Kuznetsov E , Kravchenko L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article presents a study of water consumption of rice crops during periodic irrigation in various interphase periods of the growing season. The experiments were carried out on a plot of 21.2 hectares in the rice-growing enterprise of the RBF “Krasnoarmeysky”. The object of the study is an intensive variety of Rapan rice of Russian selection. The subject of the study is the water regime during the growing season of rice. It was found that the transition to intermittent irrigation during the growing season of rice “germination-tillering”, “loading-flowering” and “maturation” allowed to reduce the irrigation rate by 11.4, 5.1, 1.5%, respectively, compared with traditional methods of rice irrigation. The results of harvesting rice grains showed that the average yield according to the experiment was 75.7 c/ha, which is more than in the control by 1.2 c/ha. Additional profit from increasing the yield on the experimental variants ranged from 1,440 rubles/ha to 2,880 rubles/ha, net profit - from 480 rubles/ha to 960 rubles/ha. The total economic effect of the introduction of the pulse irrigation mode into production in various interphase periods of rice cultivation ranged from 549.83 rubles/ha to 1490.71 rubles/ha.
Study of morpho-biological characteristics of rice samples grown under conditions of insufficient and optimal water supply
Authors: Kostylev P , Aksenov A , Krasnova E 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article shows the results of a morpho-biological study of rice cultivars grown in the fields of the Rostov Region under drought conditions and normal water supply. The aim of the research is a comparative structural analysis of rice samples under conditions of soil and air drought and under normal flooding with water. The formation of quantitative traits in plants under normal watering conditions and with a moisture deficit occurred in different ways. Under drought conditions, compared with the norm, the yield decreased (67.9% of the norm), the number of plants to be harvested per 1 m2, the mass of the panicle, the mass of 1000 grains; increased bushiness, the number of spikelets on the panicle and its density, the growing season “flooding with water – flowering”. The number of empty spikelets on a panicle and the percentage of empty grain increased especially strongly. The values of the remaining studied characteristics were at the same level in both variants of the experiment. The maximum yield in dry conditions was formed by the varieties Boyarin (4.43 t/ha), Contact (4.53 t/ha), Zolotye vshody (4.60 t/ha) and Sukhodol (4.60 t/ha). Drought-resistant forms that can be used to create dry-land rice varieties have been identified.