bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Deficiency of TRAF5 Promotes Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Aggravates Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice
Authors: Gissler Mark Colin , Anto-Michel Nathaly , Pennig Jan , Scherrer Philipp , Li Xiaowei , Marchini Timoteo , Pfeiffer Katharina , Härdtner Carmen , Abogunloko Tijani , Mwinyella Timothy , Sol Mitre Lucia , Spiga Lisa , Koentges Christoph , Smolka Christian , von Elverfeldt Dominik , Hoppe Natalie , Stachon Peter , Dufner Bianca , Heidt Timo , Piepenburg Sven , Hilgendorf Ingo , Bjune Jan-Inge , Dankel Simon N. , Mellgren Gunnar , Seifert Gabriel , Eisenhardt Steffen U. , Bugger Heiko , von zur Muhlen Constantin , Bode Christoph , Zirlik Andreas , Wolf Dennis , Willecke Florian 
Published: August 2021

Objective:
The accumulation of inflammatory leukocytes is a prerequisite of adipose tissue inflammation during cardiometabolic disease. We previously reported that a genetic deficiency of the intracellular signaling adaptor TRAF5 (TNF [tumor necrosis factor] receptor–associated factor 5) accelerates atherosclerosis in mice by increasing inflammatory cell recruitment. Here, we tested the hypothesis that an impairment of TRAF5 signaling modulates adipose tissue inflammation and its metabolic complications in a model of diet-induced obesity in mice.

Approach and Results:

To induce diet-induced obesity and adipose tissue inflammation, wild-type or
Traf5
−/−
mice consumed a high-fat diet for 18 weeks.
Traf5
−/−
mice showed an increased weight gain, impaired insulin tolerance, and increased fasting blood glucose. Weight of livers and peripheral fat pads was increased in
Traf5
−/−
mice, whereas lean tissue weight and growth were not affected. Flow cytometry of the stromal vascular fraction of visceral adipose tissue from
Traf5
−/−
mice revealed an increase in cytotoxic T cells, CD11c
+
macrophages, and increased gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. At the level of cell types, expression of TNFα, MIP (macrophage inflammatory protein)-1α, MCP (monocyte chemoattractant protein)-1, and RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) was significantly upregulated in
Traf5
-deficient adipocytes but not in
Traf5
-deficient leukocytes from visceral adipose tissue. Finally,
Traf5
expression was lower in adipocytes from obese patients and mice and recovered in adipose tissue of obese patients one year after bariatric surgery.

Conclusions:
We show that a genetic deficiency of TRAF5 in mice aggravates diet-induced obesity and its metabolic derangements by a proinflammatory response in adipocytes. Our data indicate that TRAF5 may promote anti-inflammatory and obesity-preventing signaling events in adipose tissue.
Mobile Interventional Stroke Teams Improve Outcomes in the Early Time Window for Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke
Authors: Morey Jacob R. , Zhang Xiangnan , Marayati Naoum Fares , Matsoukas Stavros , Fiano Emily , Oxley Thomas , Dangayach Neha , Stein Laura K. , Fara Michael G. , Skliut Maryna , Kellner Christopher , De Leacy Reade , Mocco J , Tuhrim Stanley , Fifi Johanna T. 
Published: August 2021

Background and Purpose:
Endovascular thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion stroke is a time-sensitive intervention. The use of a Mobile Interventional Stroke Team (MIST) traveling to Thrombectomy Capable Stroke Centers to perform endovascular thrombectomy has been shown to be significantly faster with improved discharge outcomes, as compared with the drip-and-ship (DS) model. The effect of the MIST model stratified by time of presentation has yet to be studied. We hypothesize that patients who present in the early window (last known well of ≤6 hours) will have better clinical outcomes in the MIST model.

Methods:
The NYC MIST Trial and a prospectively collected stroke database were assessed for patients undergoing endovascular thrombectomy from January 2017 to February 2020. Patients presenting in early and late time windows were analyzed separately. The primary end point was the proportion with a good outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2) at 90 days. Secondary end points included discharge National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and modified Rankin Scale.

Results:

Among 561 cases, 226 patients fit inclusion criteria and were categorized into MIST and DS cohorts. Exclusion criteria included a baseline modified Rankin Scale score of >2, inpatient status, or fluctuating exams. In the early window, 54% (40/74) had a good 90-day outcome in the MIST model, as compared with 28% (24/86) in the DS model (
P
<0.01). In the late window, outcomes were similar (35% versus 41%;
P
=0.77). The median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at discharge was 5.0 and 12.0 in the early window (
P
<0.01) and 5.0 and 11.0 in the late window (
P
=0.11) in the MIST and DS models, respectively. The early window discharge modified Rankin Scale was significantly better in the MIST model (
P
<0.01) and similar in the late window (
P
=0.41).

Conclusions:
The MIST model in the early time window results in better 90-day outcomes compared with the DS model. This may be due to the MIST capturing high-risk fast progressors at an earlier time point.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03048292.
Are Ellipses Important for Machine Translation?
Authors: Khullar Payal 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article describes an experiment to evaluate the impact of different types of ellipses discussed in theoretical linguistics on Neural Machine Translation (NMT), using English to Hindi/Telugu as source and target languages. Evaluation with manual methods shows that most of the errors made by Google NMT are located in the clause containing the ellipsis, the frequency of such errors is slightly more in Telugu than Hindi, and the translation adequacy shows improvement when ellipses are reconstructed with their antecedents. These findings not only confirm the importance of ellipses and their resolution for MT, but also hint toward a possible correlation between the translation of discourse devices like ellipses with the morphological incongruity of the source and target. We also observe that not all ellipses are translated poorly and benefit from reconstruction, advocating for a disparate treatment of different ellipses in MT research.
Bilingual Heaven: Was There a Distinct Persianate Islam in the Early Modern Ottoman Empire?
Authors: Gürbüzel Aslıhan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
What is the language of heaven? Is Arabic the only language allowed in the eternal world of the virtuous, or will Muslims continue to speak their native languages in the other world? While learned scholars debated the language of heaven since the early days of Islam, the question gained renewed vigor in seventeenth century Istanbul against the background of a puritan reform movement which criticized the usage of Persian and the Persianate canon as sacred text. In response, Mevlevī authors argued for the discursive authority of the Persianate mystical canon in Islamic tradition (sunna). Focusing on this debate, this article argues that early modern Ottoman authors recognized non-legal discourses as integral and constitutive parts of the Islamic tradition. By adopting the imagery of bilingual heaven, they conceptualized Islamic tradition as a diverse discursive tradition. Alongside diversity, another important feature of Persianate Islam was a positive propensity towards innovations.
How to Carve a King: Janna’s Inscription in the Temple of Amṛteśvara
Authors: Mucciarelli Elena 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The article provides a reading of a twelfth-century inscription composed by a courtly poet in Karnataka. At its most rudimentary level, the inscription praises the king and glorifies his commander. However, a closer reading demonstrates the poet playing with the conventions of his time. One of the techniques used to enhance the power of the ruler was to represent the commanders as replicas of their king. The author turns this mechanism into the inscription’s poetic motif. He uses the very dynamic of reduplication to subtly show the limits in the construction of power.
Polygonatum caulialatum, a new species of medicinal plant of Polygonatum (Asparagaceae) from Sichuan, China
Authors: CHEN HONG-YUAN , HUANG YA , ZHOU XIAO-XU , YI SI-RONG 
Published: August 2021

A new species of Polygonatum (Asparagaceae), Polygonatum caulialatum S. R. Yi from Bashan canyon of Xuanhan, Dazhou, Sichuan, China, is described in this paper, it is similar to P. cyrtonema Hua and P. odoratum (Miller) Druce in appearance for stem glabrous, leaves alternate, corolla campanulate, stamens not exposed, ovary glabrous and berries black, but differs from the former in middle and upper stem slightly flat with two distinct narrow wings, inflorescences 1–2(–3)-flowered, longer perianth lobes, filaments cylindrical and apically not inflated, longer styles and more seeds per berry; and differs from the latter in thicker moniliform rhizome, middle and upper stem slightly flat with two distinct narrow wings, longer perianth lobes, filaments cylindrical, longer anthers and styles, more seeds per berry.
The Climatological Rise in Winter Temperature- and Dewpoint-Based Thaw Events and Their Impact on Snow Depth on Mount Washington, New Hampshire
Authors: Kelsey Eric P. , Cinquino Eve 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe analyze how winter thaw events (TE; T>0°C) are changing on the summit of Mount Washington, New Hampshire using three metrics: the number of TE, number of thaw hours, and number of thaw degree-hours for temperature and dewpoint for winters from 1935-36 to 2019-20. The impact of temperature-only-TE and dewpoint-TE on snow depth are compared to quantify the different impacts of sensible-only and sensible-and-latent heating, respectively. Results reveal that temperature- and dewpoint-TE for all metrics increased at a statistically significant rate (p<0.05) over the full time periods studied for temperature (1935-1936 to 2019-2020) and dewpoint (1939-1940 to 2019-2020). Notably around 2000-2001, the positive trends increased for most variables, including dewpoint thaw degree-hours that increased by 82.11 degree-hours decade-1during 2000-2020 – about five times faster than the 1939-2020 rate of 17.70 degree-hours decade-1. Furthermore, a clear upward shift occurred around 1990 in the lowest winter values of thaw hours and thaw degree-hours – winters now have a higher baseline amount of thaw than before 1990. Snow depth loss during dewpoint-TE (0.36 cm hr-1) occurred more than twice as fast as temperature-only-TE (0.14 cm hr-1). With winters projected to warm throughout the 21stcentury in the Northeastern US, it is expected that the trends in winter thaw events, and the sensible and latent energy they bring, will continue to rise and lead to more frequent winter flooding, fewer days of good quality snow for winter recreation, and changes in ecosystem function.
Opposite responses of the Indian Ocean to the thermal forcing of the Tibetan Plateau before and after the onset of the South Asian monsoon
Authors: Zhao Yu , Duan Anmin , Wu Guoxiong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe atmospheric circulation changes dramatically over a few days before and after the onset of the South Asian monsoon in spring. It is accompanied by the annual maximum surface heating over the Tibetan Plateau. We conducted two sets of experiments with a coupled general circulation model to compare the response of atmospheric circulation and wind-driven circulation in the Indian Ocean to the thermal forcing of the Tibetan Plateau before and after the monsoon onset. The results show that the Tibetan Plateau's thermal forcing modulates the sea surface temperature (SST) of the Indian Ocean and the meridional circulation in the upper ocean with opposite effects during these two stages. The thermal forcing of the Tibetan Plateau always induces a southwesterly response over the northern Indian Ocean and weakens the northeasterly background circulation before the monsoon onset. Subsequently, wind-evaporation feedback results in a warming SST response. Meanwhile, the oceanic meridional circulation shows offshore upwellings in the north and southward transport in the upper layer crossing the equator, sinking near 15°S. After the monsoon onset, the thermal forcing of the Tibetan Plateau accelerates the background southwesterly and introduces a cooling response to the Indian Ocean SST. The response of oceanic meridional overturning circulation is limited to the north of the equator due to the location and structural evolution of the climatological local Hadley circulation. With an acceleration of the local Walker circulation, the underlying zonal currents also show corresponding changes, including a westerly drift along the equator, downwelling near Indonesia, offshore upwelling near Somalia, and a westward undercurrent.
Variability in Activation Properties in Relation to Meteorological Phenomena
Authors: Zíková N. , Pokorná P. , Makeš O. , Rotrekl J. , Sedlák P. , Pešice P. , Ždímal V. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn situ campaigns focused on aerosol–cloud interactions were performed to describe the size-dependent activation of aerosols of various origins during variable meteorological conditions. Low cloud episodes, coded as fog, freezing fog, or rain with fog, were compared with nonphenomenon episodes. From the difference in aerosols measured behind the whole air inlet and PM2.5 inlet, the activated fraction (AF; a share of activated particles from all those available) was calculated. For fog, the AF was stable, resulting in a small variability in the activated size. During freezing fog, a higher variability in supersaturation was deduced from larger variability in the AF and smaller effective radii of cloud droplets. The AF during rain with fog showed a connection to the air mass origin, less effective activation, and smaller cloud droplets. The analysis of the relationship between meteorological conditions and activations suggested that the different hydrometeors were connected with different air masses. No effect of photochemistry was found; in contrast, some dependence on relative humidity, temperature, wind speed, and liquid water content (LWC) was described. With increasing humidity, smaller particles were able to activate. For lower RH, the importance of supersaturation fluctuations increased, moving to a fluctuation-influenced regime. The strongest connection was found between activation and LWC; for the LWC below 0.10 g m−3, a strong decrease in activated particle size was found with increasing LWC, due to turbulence, number of particles, and availability of condensable water. From 0.10 g m−3 LWC and higher, the LWC and the connected supersaturation could be the main factors influencing the activation.
Efficacy of Targeted Immunotherapy as Induction or Salvage Therapy in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ponvilawan Ben , Vittayawacharin Pongthep , Tunsing Pattaraporn , Owattanapanich Weerapat 
Published: August 2021

Background: Monoclonal antibodies targeting cluster of differentiation (CD) proteins have been incorporated into standard treatments for multiple types of hematologic malignancies, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the efficacy of using CD-targeted antibodies for ALL. Materials and Methods: The EMBASE and MEDLINE databases were searched for research papers using immunotherapy- and ALL-related terms from inception to July 2021. Eligible studies were randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) or cohort studies in which ALL patients received CD-targeted immunotherapy or conventional chemotherapy as the induction or salvage therapy. The reports had to report our primary outcomes of interest: overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), or complete remission (CR), with the patient number for each outcome. The effect estimates with 95% confidence interval (CI) from each study were combined to calculate the pooled-effect estimate, using the Hantel-Maenszel method. Results: Five RCTs and 9 retrospective cohort studies were eligible for the meta-analysis. ALL patients given CD-targeted immunotherapy in the induction or salvage therapy had significantly higher OS and RFS rates than those administered conventional chemotherapy only, with pooled odds ratios (OR) of 2.11 (95% CI, 1.76-2.53; I2, 0%) and 2.25 (95% CI, 1.62-3.14; I2, 61%), respectively. The rates of achieving CR and minimal residual disease negativity were also higher for the immunotherapy group, with pooled ORs of 1.70 (95% CI, 1.07-2.69; I2, 79%) and 2.98 (95% CI, 1.17-7.58; I2, 90%), while developing less risk for febrile neutropenia (pooled OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.08-0.58; I2, 84%). Subgroup analyses revealed that all antibody types yielded dramatically better OS rates than those for patients administered chemotherapy alone. Conclusions: The ALL patients receiving CD-targeted immunotherapy as induction or salvage therapy had significantly higher response rates and survival outcomes, as well as lower odds of acquiring febrile neutropenia, than the patients given conventional chemotherapy.
Effective anti-BCMA retreatment in multiple myeloma
Authors: Gazeau Nicolas , Beauvais David , Yakoub-Agha Ibrahim , Mitra Suman , Campbell Timothy B. , Facon Thierry , Manier Salomon 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The recent emergence of anti–B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) therapies holds great promise in multiple myeloma (MM). These include chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, bispecific antibodies, and antibody-drug conjugates. Their development in clinical trials and further approval are changing the strategy for treating MM. Considering that a cure has not been reached, a central question in the coming years will be the possibility of using these therapies sequentially. Here, we report 2 cases of the serial use of anti-BCMA therapies with parallel monitoring of BCMA expression and anti-CAR antibodies. We further discuss recent data from clinical studies that have informed us about the different mechanisms of resistance to anti-BCMA therapies, including antigen escape, BCMA shedding, anti-drug antibodies, T-cell exhaustion, and the emergence of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. This knowledge will be essential to help guide the strategy of serial treatments with anti-BCMA therapies.
Identification of the transcription factor MAZ as a regulator of erythropoiesis
Authors: Deen Darya , Butter Falk , Daniels Deborah E. , Ferrer-Vicens Ivan , Ferguson Daniel C. J. , Holland Michelle L. , Samara Vasiliki , Sloane-Stanley Jacqueline A. , Ayyub Helena , Mann Matthias , Frayne Jan , Garrick David , Vernimmen Douglas 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Erythropoiesis requires a combination of ubiquitous and tissue-specific transcription factors (TFs). Here, through DNA affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry, we have identified the widely expressed protein MAZ (Myc-associated zinc finger) as a TF that binds to the promoter of the erythroid-specific human α-globin gene. Genome-wide mapping in primary human erythroid cells revealed that MAZ also occupies active promoters as well as GATA1-bound enhancer elements of key erythroid genes. Consistent with an important role during erythropoiesis, knockdown of MAZ reduces α-globin expression in K562 cells and impairs differentiation in primary human erythroid cells. Genetic variants in the MAZ locus are associated with changes in clinically important human erythroid traits. Taken together, these findings reveal the zinc-finger TF MAZ to be a previously unrecognized regulator of the erythroid differentiation program.
Dead in the water: comment on “Development of an aquatic exposure assessment model for imidacloprid in sewage treatment plant discharges arising from use of veterinary medicinal products”
Authors: Perkins Rosemary , Whitehead Martin , Goulson Dave 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAnthe et al. (Environ Sci Eur 32:147, 2020. 10.1186/s12302-020-00424-4) develop a mathematical model to calculate the contribution of veterinary medicinal products (VMPs) to the levels of imidacloprid observed in the UK water monitoring programme. They find that VMPs make only a very small contribution to measured pollution levels, and that the estimated concentrations do not exceed ecotoxicological thresholds. However, shortcomings in methodology—including the implicit assumption that imidacloprid applied to pets is available for release to the environment for 24 h only and failure to incorporate site-specific sewage effluent data relating to measured levels—raise questions about their conclusions. Adjusting for these and other deficiencies, we find that their model appears consistent with the conclusion that emissions from VMPs may greatly exceed ecotoxicological thresholds and contribute substantially to imidacloprid waterway pollution in the UK. However, the model utilises imidacloprid emissions fractions for animals undergoing the different scenarios (for example, bathing) that are extrapolated from unpublished studies that do not clearly resemble the modelled scenarios, with insufficient evidence provided to support their derivation. As a result, we find that the model presented by Anthe et al. provides no reliable conclusions about the contribution of veterinary medicinal products to the levels of imidacloprid in UK waterways.
Risk factors and outcomes of post-traumatic endophthalmitis: a retrospective single-center study
Authors: Watanachai Nawat , Choovuthayakorn Janejit , Chokesuwattanaskul Susama , Photcharapongsakul Chaipot , Wongsirimeteekul Praelada , Phinyo Phichayut , Chaikitmongkol Voraporn , Kunavisarut Paradee , Supreeyathitikul Pongsant , Patikulsila Direk 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
To describe the epidemiology, characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes of post-traumatic endophthalmitis.

Main body
Medical records of consecutive open globe injury patients admitted and primarily treated between January 2006 and December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were defined as having or not having associated endophthalmitis. Data of demographics, injury characteristics, clinical presentations, and visual outcomes were collected. The potential risks and significant factors for visual outcomes of post-traumatic endophthalmitis were determined. There were 591 patients included in this study. Among these, 118 patients were clinically diagnosed as having accompanied endophthalmitis. Higher proportions of intraocular foreign body (IOFB) (55.1% vs. 27.3%) and injury related to high-velocity objects (55.9% vs. 32.6%) were noted in patients with endophthalmitis compared to patients without endophthalmitis. Anterior wound location (odds ratio [OR], 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1 to 3.7; P = 0.020), presence of IOFB (OR, 1.9; 95% CI 1.2 to 3.0; P = 0.005), and delayed presentation of > 24 h (OR, 3.9; 95% CI 2.3 to 6.4; P < 0.001) were significant risk factors for associated endophthalmitis. Final visual acuity (VA) of the overall population improved significantly from 2.4 (0.6) logMAR to 1.4 (0.1) logMAR, P < 0.001, however, patients in the endophthalmitis group achieved a worse final VA than the non-endophthalmitis group (66.1% vs. 43.5%, P < 0.001).

Conclusion
High proportions of post-traumatic endophthalmitis patients had subsequent poor visual outcomes. Therefore, safety and protective measurements, especially when performing activities related to high-velocity objects, and the institution of prophylactic antibiotics in high-risk groups should be promptly considered to reduce the incidence.