bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting screw theory-based approaches in the constraint wrench analysis of robotic systems
Authors: Sharafian M Ehsan , Taghvaeipour Afshin , Ghassabzadeh S Maryam 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper aims at shedding lights on two approaches that were recently proposed for the constraint wrench analysis of robotic manipulators. Both approaches benefit from the Newton–Euler equations, screw notations, and constraint transformation matrices (CTM) to cope with the inverse dynamic problem of multibody systems. In the first approach, which is called the joint-based method, the constraint transformation matrices are derived directly from the kinematic constraints which are imposed on the rigid links by kinematic pairs. In the second approach, which is referred to as the link-based method; however, the constraint matrices are obtained based on the wrench transfer formula of each rigid link. In this study, by resorting to the definition of reciprocal screws, the former methodology is further enhanced to a new version as well. Moreover, based on the proposed modified joint-based CTM, constraint forces and moments distribution indices are introduced. The three constraint wrench analysis methodologies, two joint-based and one link-based, result in different CTMs and set of equations as well, which will be discussed in detail. In the end, on two case studies, a spherical four-bar linkage and a Delta parallel robot, the pros and cons of all three constraint wrench analysis methodologies are discussed, and the proposed indices will be examined. The numerical results reveal that, although all three methods identically compute the magnitude of the applied and constraint force and moment vectors, the joint-based approaches do not report the constraint components with respect to a specific coordinate frame. Moreover, it is shown that the proposed indices can approximately predict the constraint forces and moments distribution at joints, which can be used as force transmission indicators in multibody systems.
Sub-district level correlation between tuberculosis notifications and socio-demographic factors in Dhaka City corporation, Bangladesh
Authors: Jo Youngji , Baik Yeonsoo , Shrestha Sourya , Pennington Jeffrey , Gomes Isabella , Reja Mehdi , Islam Shamiul , Roy Tapash , Hussain Hamidah , Dowdy David 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We developed a novel method to align two data sources (TB notifications and the Demographic Health Survey, DHS) captured at different geographic scales. We used this method to identify sociodemographic indicators – specifically population density – that were ecologically correlated with elevated TB notification rates across wards (~100 000 people) in Dhaka, Bangladesh. We found population density was the variable most closely correlated with ward-level TB notification rates (Spearman's rank correlation 0.45). Our approach can be useful, as publicly available data (e.g. DHS data) could help identify factors that are ecologically associated with disease burden when more granular data (e.g. ward-level TB notifications) are not available. Use of this approach might help in designing spatially targeted interventions for TB and other diseases in settings of weak existing data on disease burden at the subdistrict level.
Isolated ventricular inversion with hypoplastic right ventricle and pulmonary stenosis in an adolescent with situs solitus: a rare combination
Authors: Mishra Anand K. , Naganur Sanjeev H. , Patel Ruchit , Bansal Vidur , Rana Pratyaksha 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIsolated ventricular inversion with situs solitus is a severe and rare congenital cardiac malformation characterised by an atrioventricular discordance but with ventriculo-arterial concordance. Here, we present the rare case of an adolescent with isolated ventricular inversion and hypoplasia of the left-sided morphological right ventricle and pulmonary stenosis, a first of its kind to be reported in the literature.
Lost but not missing: factors associated with loss of follow-up in a paediatric cardiology clinic
Authors: Gregorcyk Lisa J. , Kelleman Michael , Oster Matthew E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground:Loss of follow-up is a barrier to providing adequate care to paediatric cardiac patients. The purpose of this study was to determine variables associated with loss of appropriate paediatric cardiology follow-up, including potentially modifiable factors. We hypothesised having earlier recommend follow-up intervals was associated with less likelihood of loss of follow-up.Methods:We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients >5 years old seen in a large, outpatient paediatric practice from 2013 to 2016. Subjects were considered to be lost to follow-up if they did not have a subsequent outpatient encounter by 6 months after their recommend follow-up time interval.Results:Of the 8940 eligible patients, 45.9% were lost to follow-up. Recommended follow-up interval of 1 year was associated with less loss of follow-up (41.4%) as compared to 2-year intervals (51.6%) and 3 years (55.7%) (p < 0.001 for both). Other significant predictors of loss of follow-up included less severe heart disease, older age, and non-Hispanic Black race/ethnicity. Sex and payor type were not significant predictors. In the stratified analyses by severity of disease and age, longer recommended follow-up time was associated with greater loss of follow-up among all severity and age categories.Conclusions:Almost half of the patients in our cohort did not return to clinic within the recommended timeline. Shorter follow-up time was associated with less loss of follow-up among all categories of disease severity and age groups. Recommending shorter follow-up intervals may be one initiative for paediatric cardiologists to improve rates of follow-up.
Impact of gastrointestinal comorbidities in patients with right and left atrial isomerism
Authors: Fotaki Anastasia , Doughty Victoria L. , Banya Winston , Giuliani Stefano , Bradley Sarah , Carvalho Julene S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground and aim:Heterotaxy syndrome, being right atrial isomerism (RAI) or left atrial isomerism (LAI), often presents with Congenital Heart Disease (CHD). Intestinal abnormalities, including malrotation are common. We assessed the spectrum of gut abnormalities and their impact on medium-term outcome in a cohort of patients with fetal and postnatal diagnoses of heterotaxy syndrome.Methods:We reviewed the cardiology records of heterotaxy syndrome patients from two centres, regarding the presence of CHD, time for cardiac intervention, presence of gastrointestinal abnormalities, and type/time of surgery. A questionnaire about gastrointestinal status was sent to patients <18 years old. Kaplan–Meier curves were derived for survival data and freedom from intervention.Results:Data were included for 182 patients (49 RAI and 133 LAI) of 247 identified. Questionnaires were sent to 77 families and 47 replied. CHD was present in all RAI and 61.7% of LAI cases. Thirty-eight patients had abdominal surgery (20.9%), similar for RAI and LAI (20.4% versus 21%, p> 0.99): Ladd procedure in 17 (44.7%), non-Ladd in 12 (31.5%), and both procedures in 9 (23.7%). Ten-year freedom from Ladd procedure for all was 86% for the whole cohort (RAI = 87%; LAI = 85%, p = 0.98). Freedom from any gastrointestinal surgery at 10 years was 79% for the whole cohort (RAI = 77%; LAI = 80%, p = 0.54). Ten-year freedom from cardiac surgery was 31% for the whole cohort (RAI = 6%; LAI = 43%, p < 0.0001).Conclusions:In our cohort, one in five patients required abdominal surgery, mostly in their first year of life, similar for RAI and LAI. Between 1 and 10 years of follow-up, the impact of gastrointestinal abnormalities on outcome was minimal. Medium term survival was related to CHD.
Health Trends among 9/11 Responders from 2011–2021: A Review of World Trade Center Health Program Statistics
Authors: Smith Erin , Holmes Lisa , Larkin Brigid 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroduction:In a single day, the September 11, 2001 US terrorist attacks (9/11) killed nearly 3,000 people, including 412 first responders. More than 91,000 responders were exposed to a range of hazards during the recovery and clean-up operation that followed. Various health programs track the on-going health effects of 9/11, including the World Trade Center (WTC) Health Program (WTCHP). The objective of this research was to review WTCHP statistics reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to analyze health trends among enrolled responders as the 20-year anniversary of the terrorist attacks approaches.Methods:The WTCHP statistics reported by the CDC were analyzed to identify health trends among enrolled responders from 2011 through 2021. Statistics for non-responders were excluded.Results:A total of 80,745 responders were enrolled in the WTCHP as of March 2021: 62,773 were classified as general responders; 17,023 were Fire Department of New York (FDNY) responders; and 989 were Pentagon and Shanksville responders. Of the total responders in the program, 3,439 are now deceased. Just under 40% of responders with certified health issues were aged 45-64 and 83% were male. The top three certified conditions among enrolled responders were: aerodigestive disorders; cancer; and mental ill health. The top ten certified cancers have remained the same over the last five years, however, leukemia has now overtaken colon and bladder cancer as the 20-year anniversary approaches. Compared to the general population, 9/11 first responders had a higher rate of all cancers combined, as well as higher rates of prostate cancer, thyroid cancer, and leukemia.Discussion:Trends in these program statistics should be viewed with some caution. While certain illnesses have been linked with exposure to the WTC site, differences in age, sex, ethnicity, smoking status, and other factors between exposed and unexposed groups should also be considered. Increased rates of some illnesses among this cohort may be associated with heightened surveillance rather than an actual increase in disease. Still, cancer in general, as well as lung disease, heart disease, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), seem to be increasing among 9/11 responders, even now close to 20 years later.Conclusion:Responders should continue to avail themselves of the health care and monitoring offered through programs like the WTCHP.
PT EMT – Portuguese Emergency Medical Team Type 1 Relief Mission in Mozambique
Authors: Ladeira Luis M. , Cardoso Ivo , Ribeiro Hélder , Lourenço João , Ramos Raquel , Barros Filipa , Rato Fátima 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroduction:The tropical cyclone Idai hit Mozambique in the city of Beira on March 15, 2019. During the following days, the Portuguese Emergency Medical Team (PT EMT) and its infrastructure deployed to Mozambique with the mission of helping local people and collaborating with the authorities.Methods:Data analyzed were collected in the period of the deployment, from April 1-April 30, 2019. All patients admitted to PT EMT were registered through the Clinical Record of PT EMT.Results:In total, 1,662 patients were admitted to PT EMT during the 30-day mission. The five most prevalent diagnoses were: 61.49% classified with “code 29” (which corresponds to “other unspecified diagnoses”), 9.15% of cases of skin disease, 8.90% of minor injuries, 6.74% of acute respiratory infection, and 3.19% of obstetric/genecology complications.Discussion and Challenges:An important challenge identified was the need for a robust and effective network for transporting patients, allowing transfers between EMTs, enabling a true network response in the provision of care to disaster victims.Conclusions:The benefit of the deployment of PT EMT in Mozambique after Cyclone Idai was in line with the EMT initiative standards, allowing a direct delivery of care to the affected Mozambican population and support to the local health authorities.
Children’s Power of Food Scale: Turkish validity and reliability study
Authors: Şahin-Bodur Gülsüm , Keser Alev , Akçil-Ok Mehtap , Ünsal Emine Nüket , Akın Onur 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjective:The aim of the present study was to validate the Turkish version of the Children’s Power of Food Scale (C-PFS-T) after translation of the original version.Design:The data were collected via face-to-face interviews using the C-PFS-T and a socio-demographic information form. BMI was calculated by dividing body weight by the square of the height. After the adaptation of the scale to Turkish language, validity and reliability analysis were conducted for the C-PFS-T.Setting:Gülhane Training and Research Hospital Department of Child Health and Diseases Nutrition and Diet Unit in Ankara.Participants:This research was conducted with volunteer children and adolescents between the ages of 9 and 16 years (n 268).Results:It was concluded that the 15-item C-PFS-T was collected under three factors as in the original version of the child version. Cronbach’s α coefficient was found to be 0·878 for the scale. The confirmatory factor analysis results showed the acceptability and applicability of adapting the version of the C-PFS-T in terms of χ2/df (= 3·816), adjusted goodness-of-fit index (AGFI = 0·931), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA = 0·082) and goodness-of-fit index (GFI = 0·852) fit indices. C-PFS-T total score’s median value of obese group wasn’t substantially different from normal weight group.Conclusions:It was concluded that the Turkish version of the C-PFS, which provides an assessment of the hedonic hunger status of children and adolescents with fifteen items and threesubdimensions, has sufficient reliability and validity to be applied to these subjects.
GEOMETRIC LOCAL -FACTORS IN HIGHER DIMENSIONS
Authors: Guignard Quentin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe prove a product formula for the determinant of the cohomology of an étale sheaf with
$\ell $
-adic coefficients over an arbitrary proper scheme over a perfect field of positive characteristic p distinct from
$\ell $
. The local contributions are constructed by iterating vanishing cycle functors as well as certain exact additive functors that can be considered as linearised versions of Artin conductors and local
$\varepsilon $
-factors. We provide several applications of our higher dimensional product formula, such as twist formulas for global
$\varepsilon $
-factors.
Investigation of the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Cognitive Function in cancer patients
Authors: Atasavun Uysal Songül , Yildiz Kabak Vesile , Karakas Yusuf , Karabulut Erdem , Erdan Kocamaz Deniz , Keser İlke , Özdemir Kadirhan , Düger Tülin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective
The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Cognitive Function (FACT-Cog) is a questionnaire that is used to evaluate the quality of life and cognitive functions according to individual self-reports. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the FACT-Cog.

Methods
Cancer patients who were treated with chemo or radiotherapy and had a score of 24/30 and more in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were included in this study. Cognitive functions assessed with the FACT-Cog and the European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Questionnaire Core 30: Cognitive Function subscale (EORTC QLQ-CF).

Results
One hundred and forty cancer patients [female = 87 (62.1%), male = 53 (37.9%)] were included. The mean age of the participants was 47.93 ± 11.90 years. The Cronbach's α of the FACT-Cog scale was 0.82. Test–retest intraclass correlation coefficient values of the FACT-Cog questionnaire were varied from 0.855 to 0.954. There were found low correlations between the total score of the FACT-Cog and the MMSE (r = 0.26, p = 0.002), and moderate correlations between the EORTC QLQ-CF subscale and the FACT-Cog (r = −0.43; p < 0.001).

Significance of results
It showed the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the FACT-Cog questionnaire for cancer patients. It may be beneficial to use this questionnaire for the effects of cancer treatment.
The Japanese conservative camp's bridging method for China–Japan relations under the separation of politics and the economic policy: investigation of the case of the Kenzo Matsumura Group, 1959–1972
Authors: Xin Zhai 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFrom the signing of the Treaty of San Francisco to the resumption of diplomatic relations between China and Japan, Japan has always adopted a political and economic separation policy that maintains diplomacy with Taiwan and economic and cultural relations with China. Within the ruling Liberal Democratic Party, to break the existing deadlock, Kenzo Matsumura of the Japanese House of Representatives and others formed a foreign policy group in 1959. This group spoke highly of China's importance to Japan's development on the grounds of national interests rather than ideology and national sentiments, played a bridging role in the political communication between China and Japan, and created a precedent for the nontraditional improvement of international relations in Japan.
Beyond the state of play: Establishing a duty of non-State armed groups to provide reparations
Authors: Herman Olivia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article examines whether and how non-State armed groups, as distinct entities, might be required to provide reparations for their violations of international humanitarian law. It shows that the possibility of holding armed groups to reparations is marked by uncertainty in international law. This complex question calls for clarification. In building on these observations, the article explores how the duty to provide reparations by armed groups could be operationalized as a matter of lex ferenda. This exercise involves examining how such a duty could be conceptualized and put into practice. From this discussion, a multi-faceted proposal emerges, which draws upon existing approaches in international law and responds to the particular challenges presented by armed groups. The article ends by considering the implications of the proposal.
Foreign fighters and the tension between counterterrorism and international humanitarian law: A case for cumulative prosecution where possible
Authors: Cuyckens Hanne 
Published: September 2021

AbstractContemporary foreign fighters (FFs) often join so-called dual-nature groups, i.e. groups that can at the same time be qualified as a non-State armed group involved in a non-international armed conflict and a terrorist organization. Both international humanitarian law and counterterrorism (CT) legislation may hence be of relevance when assessing the legality of FF conduct. The CT perspective tends to remain predominant, however. This paper argues that, especially in terms of prosecution, due regard must be paid to both legal frameworks where possible. It also argues that national prosecution in the country of origin seems to offer the best prospects for realizing such cumulative prosecution.
Solar and Geomagnetic Activity Impact on Occurrence and Spatial Size of Cold and Hot Polar Cap Patches
Authors: Zhang Duan , Zhang Qing‐He , Ma Y.‐Z. , Oksavik Kjellmar , Lyons L. R. , Zhang Y.‐L. , Nanan Balan , Xing Z.‐Y. , Liu Jing , Hairston Marc , Wang X.‐Y. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper is a statistical survey of polar cap patches in relation to solar and geomagnetic activity. Ten thousand six hundred eighty‐eight patches have been identified from in situ plasma observations of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F16 satellite for 14 years (2005–2018). These patches are divided into two groups: (a) cold patches, which consist of dense but cold plasma; and (b) hot patches, which consist of dense but hot plasma. The statistical results indicate that (a) the occurrence of cold patches is clearly dependent on solar and geomagnetic activity, but hot patches don not show such dependence; (b) both cold and hot patches preferably appear in the winter season; (c) the spatial size of both cold and hot patches decreases (increases) with solar (geomagnetic) activity; (d) the spatial size of cold patches appears larger than that of hot patches under similar solar and geomagnetic activity.
Resolving Long‐Term Variations in North Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity Using a Pseudo Proxy Paleotempestology Network Approach
Authors: Wallace Elizabeth J. , Dee Sylvia G. , Emanuel Kerry A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPaleohurricane reconstructions extend the observational record of tropical cyclones (TCs) back thousands of years. However, these records are subject to biases–capturing only close‐moving intense storms at varying resolutions. We devise two pseudo proxy networks drawing from the full suite of published paleohurricane studies in the North Atlantic. We run synthetic storms forced with two global climate model simulations of the past millennium through each pseudo network to assess the theoretical skill of paleohurricane proxies at capturing low‐frequency variability in North Atlantic basin‐wide and intrabasin TCs. We find that basin‐wide and paleohurricane compiled TC counts are significantly correlated with one another for the past millennium on annual to multi‐decadal timescales, but compilation skill is limited by proxy temporal resolution. Current paleohurricane proxy networks predominantly capture storms moving in the Caribbean/Gulf of Mexico. Increasing the quantity of paleohurricane records from the North American coastline substantially improves reconstruction skill.
Isolated Proton Aurora Driven by EMIC Pc1 Wave: PWING, Swarm, and NOAA POES Multi‐Instrument Observations
Authors: Kim Hyangpyo , Shiokawa Kazuo , Park Jaeheung , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Miyashita Yukinaga , Stolle Claudia , Connor Hyunju Kim , Hwang Junga , Buchert Stephan , Kwon Hyuck‐Jin , Nakamura Satoko , Nakamura Kohki , Oyama Shin‐Ichiro , Otsuka Yuichi , Nagatsuma Tsutomu , Sakaguchi Kaori 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe report the concurrent observations of F‐region plasma changes and field‐aligned currents (FACs) above isolated proton auroras (IPAs) associated with electromagnetic ion cyclotron Pc1 waves. Key events on March 19, 2020 and September 12, 2018 show that ground magnetometers and all‐sky imagers detected concurrent Pc1 wave and IPA, during which NOAA POES observed precipitating energetic protons. In the ionospheric F‐layer above the IPA zone, the Swarm satellites observed transverse Pc1 waves, which span wider latitudes than IPA. Around IPA, Swarm also detected the bipolar FAC and localized plasma density enhancement, which is occasionally surrounded by wide/shallow depletion. This indicates that wave‐induced proton precipitation contributes to the energy transfer from the magnetosphere to the ionosphere.
Nighttime Ionosphere Perturbed by the Annular Solar Eclipse on June 21, 2020
Authors: Sun Yang‐Yi , Chen Chieh‐Hung , Qing Haiyin , Xu Rui , Su Xiaoning , Jiang Chunhua , Yu Tao , Wang Jin , Xu Huiru , Lin Kai 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study analyzed the total electron content (TEC) observed by 337 ground‐based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers over China and South Asia, the critical frequency of the ionospheric F2 layer (foF2) and its height (hmF2) recorded by the ionosonde at Puer (22.7°N, 101.05°E, 72% obscuration), Yunnan province, during and after the annular solar eclipse on June 21, 2020. The observations show that the eclipse induced not only a daytime major depression but also nighttime perturbations in the ionosphere. The TEC perturbed intermittently from noon to midnight between 85° and 125°E on the eclipse day. The positive and negative changes of the prereversal enhancement respectively occur in the nearby longitudinal sectors of 100°and 115°E. The TEC perturbations behave as a terminator wave that propagates in a northwestward direction after sunset.