bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Pediatric Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis With a Marked Bloody Pericardial Effusion and Bloody Stool: A Case Report
Authors: Kato Memi , Jimbo Keisuke , Nagata Masumi , Endo Yoshiko , Kashiwagi Kosuke , Maruyama Kimiko , Ito Natsuki , Tokushima Kaori , Arai Nobuyasu , Kyodo Reiko , Sato Masamichi , Miyata Eri , Hosoi Kenji , Ikuse Tamaki , Fukunaga Hideo , Kudo Takahiro , Shimizu Toshiaki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a syndrome of refractory vasculitis in the upper respiratory tract, lungs, kidneys, and systemic small and medium-sized arteries; adults and children have similar courses. A pediatric GPA case with a preceding bloody pericardial effusion, which caused cardiac tamponade, and bloody stool has not been reported.
Case presentation:
A 14-year-old boy was referred for the evaluation of prolonged fever. He had chest pain and bloody stools, and diagnostic imaging showed a pericardial effusion. Immediately after admission, his systolic blood pressure decreased (85/70 mmHg), and pericardiocentesis was performed, with aspiration of approximately 500 mL of bloody pericardial fluid. Because pericardiocentesis increased the blood pressure (115/65 mmHg), the cause of the blood pressure decrease was diagnosed as cardiac tamponade. Because the pericardial fluid cytology was negative for malignant disease, as were chest MRI and gallium scintigraphy, colonoscopy was performed and showed multiple irregular-shaped aphthae from the right transverse colon to the cecum on the contralateral side of the mesenteric attachments, and a biopsy of the aphthous region showed necrotizing granulomatous inflammation. The patient also had an elevated serine proteinase 3-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (PR3-ANCA) level (141 IU/mL) on serological examination. Head MRI showed thickening of nasal and sinus mucosa and a cystic mass in the left sphenoid sinus. Therefore, GPA was diagnosed based on these findings, and treatment with oral prednisolone (PSL) and azathioprine was started. After the treatment, the bloody stool disappeared, and there was no recurrence of pericardial effusion even after completing PSL tapering, and the PR3-ANCA level was maintained in the normal range.
Conclusions
Although pericarditis is a common cardiac complication of GPA, there have been no previous reports of cardiac tamponade due to pericarditis. This is the first case of a pediatric patient with cardiac and gastrointestinal complications preceding the main symptoms, including upper and lower respiratory tract and renal symptoms, although cases of GPA with bloody stools are extremely rare. In conclusion, the sequencing of measuring ANCA levels appears important assuming the vasculitic syndrome as one of differential diseases causing persistent fever and bloody stool including such as the inflammatory bowel disease.
Hybrid Error Control and Security Framework for Reliable Cornea and Infrared Video Communication in IoT Applications
Authors: El-Shafai Walid , Daosh Amany , Haggag Nehad , Gamal Aya , Sadik Nevien , Mahrous Yasser , Ibrahim Fatma , Soliman Naglaa , Algarni Abeer , Banby Ghada El , Abdelrahman Mohamad R. , Eldosary Said , Hassan Emad S. , Ashiba Huda , Soltan Eman , Alhanafy Waleed , Saleeb Adel , El-Fishawy Adel , El-Rabaie S. , El-Halawany M. M. , Desouky Moawad I. , El-Dolil Sami , Ismail Nabil , El-Dokany Ibrahim M. , El-Samie Fathi E. Abd 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we present hybrid watermarking and error control techniques for reliable cornea and infrared frame communication through wireless networks in Internet of Things (IoT) applications. In the proposed watermarking technique, two stages of Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) watermarking are used. In the embedding stage, two watermark images are embedded in either the cornea or infrared frames using Block-based SVD (B-SVD) and SVD schemes, respectively. Then, the resulting watermarked cornea or infrared frames are transmitted through an erroneous wireless channel. At the receiver, the received corrupted cornea or infrared frames are recovered using a proposed hybrid post-processing error control technique. This technique comprises a Circular Spatial-scan Order Interpolation Algorithm (CSOIA) and a temporal Partitioning Motion Compensation Algorithm (PMCA) to reconstruct the erroneous cornea or infrared frames. Then, the Bayesian Kalman Filter (BKF) is utilized in the amelioration process due to its efficiency to smooth the remanent inherent corruptions in the formerly reconstructed frames to obtain high cornea or infrared video quality. After that, the watermark extraction stage is implemented to extract the watermark images from the watermarked frames. Simulation results on several cornea and infrared frames show that the suggested hybrid watermarking, and error control techniques reveal adequate subjective and objective video quality compared to those obtained with the traditional methods. In addition, the watermark detectability, robustness, and security are enhanced. Moreover, the experimental results show that the proposed watermarking technique is superior and more secure than the other previous techniques for embedding and extraction of watermarks, efficiently, in the presence of attacks.
Follicular T helper and Breg cell balance in severe allergic asthma before and after omalizumab therapy
Authors: Bergantini Laura , d’Alessandro M , Cameli P , Pianigiani T , Fanetti M , Sestini P , Bargagli E 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Severe allergic asthma (SAA) is based on type 2 (T2-high) immune responses to allergens promoting type 2 T helper (Th2) cell cytokine responses and production of IgE antibodies. Omalizumab was the first biological drug licensed for clinical use in the management of IgE-mediated SAA. Despite, emerging evidence supporting the prominent role of follicular T cells (Tfh), Breg and Treg subsets, in the development and progression of SAA, no data is available on the impact omalizumab therapy. Methods Ten SAA patients monitored at the Respiratory Diseases Unit of Siena University Hospital and 10 healthy sex- and age-matched controls were enrolled in the study. Clinical and functional parameters were collected at baseline (T0) and after 6 months of therapy (T6). Cellular population analysis were determined through multi-color flow cytometry. Results SAA patients showed higher percentages of Th17.1, Tfh and Tfh2 while CD24 hi CD27 hi Breg cell, Treg and Tfr percentages were significantly lower than controls. Higher percentages of Tfh2 in patients with nasal polyps than in those without and in controls were observed. At T6, significant decreases of Tfh and Tfh2 than T0 were observed. A slightly significant increase in Teff was reported at T6 with respect to T0. ΔIgE levels in serum were correlated with ΔCD19 + CD24 + CD27 + Breg cell percentages (r=-0.86, p=0.0022). Conclusions Our data explored the changes of Tfh cells, Tregs and Bregs in severe asthma. The restoration of immunological imbalance in SAA patients after omalizumab is surely intriguing and represents a glimpse of light in the comprehension of immunological effects of treatment.
Spinal Cord Injury and Spinal Fracture in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Tu Po-Hsun , Liu Zhuo-Hao , Yeap Mun-Chun , Liu Yu-Tse , Li Ying-Ching , Huang Yin-Cheng , Lin Tzu-Min , Chen Ching-Chang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Spinal cord injury (SCI) and spinal fracture are major complications in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) who sustain spinal trauma. The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence, predictors, and sequelae of spinal trauma in patients with AS.
Methods

This study evaluated our AS patients who had spinal traumas between January 1, 2006, and June 30, 2016 and a comparison of those patients with SCI alone, fracture alone and both SCI and spinal fracture.
Results

105 patients were enrolled. Of these patients, 89.5% had spinal fractures, and 57.1% had SCI. Among the patients with spinal fractures, 52.1% had SCI. The existence of bamboo spine was significantly more frequent in the fracture group (78.7% vs. 36.4%; P = 0.006) than in the non-fracture group. The SCI patients had more subluxation or dislocation (48.3% vs. 8.9%; P < 0.001), and more cases of spinal epidural hematoma (SEH) (21.7% vs. 2.2%; P = 0.003) than the non-SCI patients. The rate of delayed diagnosis for spinal fracture was 31.4%, where 1/3 of these patients developed delayed SCI. Among the incomplete SCI patients, 58.3% had neurological improvement after treatment (P = 0.004).
Conclusions

The patients with existing bamboo spine at X-ray had a higher spinal fracture rate. Spinal fractures involving the C3-C7 region, subluxation or dislocation, spinal fracture severity, and a SEH were found to be predictive of SCI. SCI in AS patients resulted in a high mortality and complication rates.
Suicide Among Older Adults with Dementia: Effect of Korea’s Long- Term Care Insurance System
Authors: Moon Sungje , Choi Mankyu , Sohn Minsung 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: South Korea recently expanded its coverage rate of long-term care insurance (LTCI) by adding a “dementia special grade” in 2014 to improve care service accessibility and extend health life for older adults with dementia. This study proposed a multifaceted policy to reduce the suicide risk among older adults with dementia by evaluating the effectiveness of the using the long-term care services (LTCS) and of the expanded LTCI coverage.Methods: A sample of 62,282 older adults was selected from the “Older Adults Cohort DB” of the National Health Insurance Service. First, we selected older adults diagnosed with dementia at least once from 2002 to 2015. Second, all causes of death excepted for suicide are deleted. Third, older adults got the LTCS grading is selected after the introduction of the LTCI in 2008. Data were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier estimator, Cox regression to represent the yearly survival curve from 2002 to 2015 according to individuals’ risk factors. Also, difference-in-differences estimation was conducted to analyze the effect of LTCS on suicide rates by comparing statuses before and after 2014.Results: There were statistically significant differences in suicide rate by sex, daily living activities, cognitive ability, caregiver type and use of LTCS (Log-rank test p<0.001). The suicide risk of older adults using LTCS was about 0.256 times lower than those who did not use it (p<.001), after adjusting controls. Regarding the policy effect of LTCS, the suicide rate increased after the expansion of the dementia grading (OR=2.131, 95% CI=1.061-4.280) but was still lower among LTCS users than non-users (OR=0.296, 95% CI=0.183-0.478). Conclusions: This study not only identified the parameters affecting suicide rates depending on the sex, ADL, and type of caregiver at the individual level, but also confirmed that access to LTCS could minimize suicide risk. It highlights the importance of national system management to prevent suicide among older adults with dementia and offers effective policy suggestions.
Intrusive Seismic Swarms as Possible Precursors of Destructive Earthquakes on Mt. Etna’s Eastern Flank
Authors: Gambino Salvatore , Distefano Giovanni 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Timpe Fault System (TFS) represents the source of shallow earthquakes that strike numerous towns and villages on Mt. Etna eastern flank. In the last 40 years, three destructive seismic events reached I0 = VIII EMS (heavily damaging) - in 1984 (October 25), 2002 (October 29) and 2018 (December 26). These events followed a few days after the occurrence of strong seismic swarms and the sudden acceleration of the eastern flank seaward. However, if the 2002 and 2018 events were caused by stress induced by eruptive dike propagation, in October 1984 no eruption occurred. In this work, parameters such as localization, cumulative seismic moment and hourly occurrence frequency of the 1984 seismic swarm, have been analyzed and shown to have typical values of Mt. Etna intrusive seismic swarms. This suggests that the 1984 episode may have been an aborted intrusive magma episode that triggered similar processes (long and powerful intrusions with acceleration of the eastern flank movement and destructive earthquakes), as in 2002 and 2018. These three episodes suggest that an evaluation of some seismic parameters during future intrusive swarms may furnish indications of a possible re-activation of the TFS.
Evaluation of High Resolution Computed Tomography Findings and its Relationship with the Clinical Course of Patients with Covid-19&nbsp;
Authors: Emir-Alavi Cyrus , Jafaryparvar Zakiyeh , Gaskarei Mohammad Amin Khajavi , Hemmati Hossein , Kalurazi Tofigh Yaghubi , Foumani Ali Alavi , Rimaz Siamak , Sedighi-Nejad Abbas , Sabati Hoda , Ghanbar-Moghaddam Behnaz , Khoshrang Hossein , Ahmadpour Maryam , Mousavi Seyedeh Maral , Ebrahim-Saraie Hadi Sedigh , Garfami Zahra Golamalipour , Souri Zobin , Farzin Mohaya 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Due to the Covid 19 pandemic and the lack of useful information, in this study, we evaluated the hrct of patients with Covid 19Method: 92 patients confirmed by RT_PCR in Razi Hospital in Rasht were included in the study. In addition to their demographic and clinical information, their hrct findings were collected for evaluation. Among 92 patients (47 men, 45 women), the earliest symptoms included cough (81.5%), fever (67.4%), and muscle pain (58.7%) And Six patients required intubation and mechanical ventilation at some point during their hospital stay.Results: The most common hrct findings in our study were grade 4, peripheral lesion 87%, bilateral 95.7%, mixed 76.08%, ggos 75%, left lower lobe 94.56%. Among 92 patients, we had some inconsistent findings including two patients with cardiomegaly, three patients with pleural effusion, and bilateral pleural effusion in only one patient Conclusion: Compared to other studies, it can be concluded that peripheral, bilateral, mixed, ggos, left lower lobe involvement are important findings in most patients with covid 19. We suspect that the disease has more severe lung involvement in men and less involvement in women, which needs further investigation.
Methods and Implementation of a Hospital-Based Cancer Registry in a Major City in a Low-to Middle-Income Country: The Case of Cali, Colombia
Authors: Lara Luis Gabriel Parra , Mendoza-Urbano Diana M , Zambrano Ángela R , Valencia-Orozco Andrea , Bravo-Ocaña Juan C , Bravo-Ocaña Luis E , Rosso Fernando 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose

To describe our experience upon developing and implementing a hospital-based cancer registry (HBCR) in a quaternary-level of care private non-profit academic medical center in Cali, Colombia.
Methods

HBCRs capture, in a given institution, every single patient with a confirmed malignancy. In this study, all cases evaluated between 2014 and 2018 were included in the HBCR. In compliance with the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) recommendations, cases were classified as analytic or non-analytic. Data derived from an exhaustive selection of patients was stored in a computing platform owned by the institution, meeting the 2016 Facility Oncology Registry Data Standards (FORDS) recommendations. Quality control was performed by evaluating comparability, timeliness, validity, and completeness.
Results

A total of 24,405 new cases were registered between 2014 and 2018, from which 4,253 (17.4%) died. Among all cases, based on the anatomic location, most common malignancies were breast (n = 1,554), thyroid (n = 1,346), hematolymphoid (n = 1,251), prostatic (n = 805), and colorectal (n = 624). The behavior of the incidence was consistent with an incremental trend.
Conclusion

Upon implementing the HBCR, major challenges were identified (i.e. a precise definition of cases, the development of processes for capturing new cases, a standardized data collection strategy, and carrying-out an appropriate patient follow-up). Based on our experience, the success of an HBCR largely relies on the interest from the institution, the engagement of stakeholders and financial support, that is, it depends on the adequate access over time to funding, technological, and staffing resources.
Nobel Ag-Cu Ion-Exchange Bimetallic Nanoclusters Formation by Tailored Gold Ion (Au2+) Implanted Materials RBS and Optical Study
Authors: Ferdinand A. C. , Manikandan D. , Manikandan P. , Gaur R. , Raman P. S. , E Manikandnan , Maaza M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Technologically driven some glass materials are containing metal clusters have attracted quite attention both in cluster research and in possible futuristic applications of such nanoclusters for magnetic or optoelectronic purposes. In this regard, formation of bimetallic alloys and core–shell nanostructures inside a soda-lime glass were prepared by simple ion-exchange methods and further studied by the optical absorption (OA) properties. Further, we made an attempt for the first time the novel route for the synthesis of bimetallic nanoclusters, gold in various doses was directly implanted in a plain soda-lime glass as well as in a copper and silver ion-exchanged soda-lime glass using the tandem accelerator anticipating the core–shell or alloys phase between the metal species. Also, the post implanted gold (Au+) metal ions were investigated by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) analysis performed on the Cu and Ag ion-exchanged samples to confirm the presence of bimetallic clusters formed by ion-exchange during implantation.
Prognosis classification of breast cancer with distant lymph node metastasis IIIc or M1 category
Authors: Wang Shu , Wu Jinbo , Hu Taobo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: In the American Joint Commission on Cancer (AJCC) staging manual, ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node metastases (ISLM) were defined as N3c, while contralateral supraclavicular and subclavian lymph node, contralateral internal mammary lymph node, contralateral axillary lymph node, and cervical lymph node as distant lymph nodes metastasis (DLM) were classified as M1, stage IV. Herein, we used the information recorded in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to compare patients' overall survival with DLM, ISLM, and distant organ metastasis. Methods: A total of 376 patients with ISLM, 562 patients with DLM, 5,069 patients with IIIc stage breast cancer, and 7,540 patients with distant organ metastasis from the SEER database (2004-2016) were included in the present study. R package was used to perform the Kaplan–Meier survival analysis among these four groups, and propensity score weighting (PSW) was used to minimize the differences in clinicopathological characteristics among groupsResults: After PSW, the median survival of ISLM, DLM, IIIc stage, and distant organ metastasis was 42 months, 50 months, 55 months, and 31months, respectively. DLM achieved significantly better overall survival than distant organ metastasis (p<0.001, HR=0.646, 95%CI:0.561-0.737), while there was no significant difference in long-term survival between DLM and ISLM (p=0.467, HR=0.915, 95%CI:0.719-1.163) or DLM and IIIc stage (p=0.959, HR=0.995, 95%CI:0.837-1.183). Surgery (p<0.001, HR=0.502, 95%CI:0.375-0.674) and chemotherapy (p=0.007, HR=0.701, 95%CI:0.527-0.932) could significantly improve the OS for patients with DLM. When compared with chemotherapy alone, a combination of chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy could achieve better survival, with the increased median survival from 26 months to 82 months (p<0.001, HR=0.366, 95%CI:0.253-0.529).Conclusion: The prognosis of breast cancer patients with DLM was similar to ISLM and IIIc stage, but much better than that of patients with distant organ metastasis. Also, combined-modality therapy significantly improved long-term survival. Consequently, it seems more reasonable to classify DLM as IIIc category instead of M1.
High dose aerosol challenge with Mycobacterium tuberculosis fails to overcome BCG vaccination-induced protection in cynomolgus macaques of Chinese origin: implications of natural resistance for TB vaccine evaluation.
Authors: Sibley Laura , White Andrew D , Gooch Karen E , Stevens Lisa M , Tanner Rachel , Jacobs Ashley , Daykin-Pont Owen , Gleeson Fergus , McIntyre Anthony , Basaraba Randall , Clark Simon , Hall Graham , Pearson Geoff , Rayner Emma , McShane Helen , Williams Ann , Dennis Mike , Marsh Philip D , Sharpe Sally 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study describes the use of cynomolgus macaques of Chinese origin (CCM) to evaluate the efficacy and immunogenicity of the BCG vaccine against high dose aerosol Mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge. Progressive disease developed in three of the unvaccinated animals within ten weeks of challenge, whereas all six vaccinated animals controlled disease for 26 weeks. Three unvaccinated animals limited disease progression, highlighting the intrinsic ability of this macaque species to control disease in comparison to macaques of other species and genotypes. Low levels of IFNγ were induced by BCG vaccination in CCM suggesting that IFNγ alone does not provide a sufficiently sensitive biomarker of vaccination in this model. An early response after challenge, together with the natural bias towards terminal effector memory T-cell populations and the contribution of monocytes appears to enhance the ability of CCM to naturally control infection. The high dose aerosol challenge model of CCM has value for examination of the host immune system to characterise control of infection which would influence future vaccine design. Although it may not be the preferred platform for the assessment of prophylactic vaccine candidates, the model could be well suited for testing post-exposure vaccination strategies and drug evaluation studies.
The Impact of Environmental Pollution on the Health of Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China
Authors: Fan Hongli , Wang Yingcheng , Wang Ying , Coyte Peter C 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
While several studies have demonstrated the negative impacts of environmental pollution on population health, in general, few studies have examined the potential differential effects on the health of middle-aged and older populations, i.e. 45 years and older. Given the twin concerns of environmental pollution and population aging in China, this article employed a fixed effects model to infer the impact of environmental pollution on public health with a particular focus on middle-aged and older adults. The analyses were based on data from the 2011–2018 waves of the CHARLS and pollutant data from prefecture-level cities. The results showed that environmental pollution significantly increased the risk of chronic diseases and negatively impacted the health of middle-aged and older adults. Environmental pollution had its greatest negative effect on the health of the elderly, women, urban residents and those with lower incomes than for their counterparts. We further found that the main channels of effect were through reduced physical exercise and an increase in depressive symptoms, and the pollution prevention actions alleviated the health deterioration of environmental pollution for the middle-aged and elderly. It is imperative for the government to urgently reinforce policy's enforcement to decrease air and water pollution, and enhance the ability to circumvent pollution for the lower socioeconomic groups.