bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental PM2.5 exposure changes Th17/Treg cells in offspring, is associated with the elevation of blood pressure
Authors: Pan Kun , Jiang Shuo , Du Xihao , Zeng Xuejiao , Zhang Jia , Song Liying , Lei Lei , Zhou Ji , Kan Haidong , Sun Qinghua , Xie Yuquan , Dong Chen , Zhao Jinzhuo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEpidemiological evidences have indicated that fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is associated with the occurrence and development of hypertension. The present study aims to explore the effects of parental PM2.5 exposure on blood pressure in offspring and elucidate the potential mechanism. The parental male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to concentrated PM2.5 or filtered air (FA) using Shanghai Meteorological and Environmental Animal Exposure System (Shanghai‐METAS) for 16 weeks. At week 12, the mice were assigned to breed offspring. The male offspring mice were further exposed to PM2.5 or FA as above method. During the parental exposure, the average PM2.5 concentration was 133.7 ± 53.32 μg/m3 in PM chamber, whereas the average concentration in FA chamber was 9.4 ± 0.23 μg/m3. Similarly, during the offspring exposure, the average concentration in PM and FA chamber were 100.76 ± 26.97 μg/m3 and 9.15 ± 0.15 μg/m3, respectively. The PM2.5‐exposed offspring mice displayed the elevation of blood pressure, the increase of angiotensin II (Ang II), the decrease of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Ang (1–7) in serum when compared with the FA‐exposed offspring mice. The similar results displayed in the proteins expression of ACE2, AT1R, and Ang (1–7) in vessel and kidney. More importantly, parental PM exposure further induced the increase in serous Ang II and the protein expression of AT1R in vessel, but decrease in ACE2 and Ang (1–7). The serous Ang II was positively associated with splenic T helper type 17 (Th17) cell population and serous IL (interleukin)‐17A, but negatively associated with T regular (Treg) cell population and serous IL‐10. The results suggested that parental air pollution exposure might induce the elevation of offspring blood pressure via mediate Th17‐ and Treg‐related immune microenvironment.
CO2‐neutrale Mobilität als Herausforderung und Chance
Authors: Hosenfeldt Tim 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungFür eine CO2‐neutrale und nachhaltige Mobilität bieten sich drei Konzepte an: Erstens, die direkte Nutzung der elektrischen Energie für batterieelektrische Fahrzeuge (BEV). Zweitens, über die Wandlung des regenerativ erzeugten Stroms in grünen Wasserstoff als Energieträger für brennstoffzellenelektrische Fahrzeuge (FCEV) und drittens, über die Erzeugung von synthetischen Kraftstoffen aus grünem Wasserstoff. Dabei werden sich die Technologien nach Fahrzeuggewicht, Wegstrecke und notwendiger Antriebsleistung ergänzen. Unabhängig vom Antriebskonzept bietet die Plasmaoberflächentechnik herausragende Möglichkeiten für die Optimierung hochbeanspruchter tribologischer Systeme. So haben sich Triondur PVD‐ und PACVD‐ Schichtsysteme in der Automobilindustrie, wo sie anfänglich zur Vermeidung von Verschleiß eingesetzt wurden, zu einem immer wertvolleren Konstruktionselement zur Steigerung der Energieeffizienz und CO2‐Einsparung durch Reibungsreduzierung entwickelt. So wurden 2018 mehr als 150 Millionen mit Triondur beschichtete Bauteile weltweit ausgeliefert.Für die Defossilisierung der Energiekette durch Elektrolyseure und Brennstoffzellen wird die Plasmaoberflächentechnik eine wichtige Schlüsselrolle spielen, um die hohen Anforderungen an die geforderten elektrochemischen Eigenschaften und Qualitätsstandards zu erfüllen.Für eine CO2‐neutrale und nachhaltige Mobilität wird die Plasma‐Oberflächentechnik unabhängig vom Antriebskonzept immer eine wichtige Schlüsseltechnologie sein und bleiben.
Retrospective evaluation of association between perioperative antimicrobial protocol and complications following elective equine synovial endoscopy
Authors: Pezzanite Lynn M. , Griffenhagen Gregg M. , Krause Danielle M. , Hendrickson Dean A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundProphylactic perioperative antimicrobial protocols in equine synovial endoscopy have been described but not compared with respect to post‐operative outcomes and complications. Increasing antimicrobial resistance in equine practice and interest in promoting judicious use of antimicrobials has prompted reevaluation of drug selection and dosing strategies.ObjectivesTo determine the frequency of and compare post‐operative complications following elective synovial endoscopy between horses receiving different perioperative antimicrobial protocols.MethodsRecords from the Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital were evaluated (2014–2018) and equine patients undergoing elective synovial endoscopy were identified. Patients undergoing endoscopy for sepsis or internal fixation were excluded. Patient signalment, clinician, joint and limb involved, perioperative antimicrobial regimen, number endoscopic portals and closure technique, and post‐operative complications including incidence of joint infection were recorded. Generalized linear models were used to estimate the odds of post‐operative complications.ResultsElective synovial endoscopies of 516 horses in 537 procedures evaluating 761 synovial structures were performed. No horses developed post‐operative septic synovitis. Administration of post‐operative antimicrobials, type used and patient sex were all significantly associated with increased risk of complications, which were predominantly gastrointestinal‐related. Complication rates in horses receiving a single preoperative dose of cefazolin were lower than in horses receiving potassium penicillin, gentamicin or multiple doses. Complication rates were lower in females compared to castrated or intact males. Other factors evaluated (breed, age, surgeon, anaesthesia duration or hospitalization, joint/limb operated, number endoscopic portals) were not associated with increased risk of complications post‐operatively in this case population.ConclusionsProphylactic perioperative antimicrobial protocols in equine practice deserve periodic reconsideration due to increased antimicrobial resistance. Prolonged antimicrobial usage beyond the time of surgery was unnecessary to prevent septic synovitis following synovial endoscopy in this case population and was furthermore associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal complications.
Cover crops and tillage effects on carbon–nitrogen pools: A lysimeter study
Authors: Singh Gurbir , Kaur Gurpreet , Williard Karl W. J. , Schoonover Jon E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCover crops (CCs) and tillage practices influence C and N pools in soil, which can affect dissolved organic C (DOC) and N leaching from agricultural fields. Previous studies on cover crops have focused mostly on nitrate leaching and total C (TC). Therefore, a study was conducted in southern Illinois from 2015 to 2018 to evaluate the effects of tillage systems (conventional till [CT] and no‐tillage [NT]) and CCs on C and N pools including water‐extractable C (WEC), permanganate oxidizable C (POXC), TC, water‐extractable N (WEN), and total N (TN) in soil and on TN and DOC leaching collected with zero‐tension lysimeters. Crop rotations included were corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation without winter CC (C–S), corn–cereal rye (Secale cereale L.)–soybean–hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) (C–R–S–HV), corn–cereal rye–soybean–oat + radish (Avena sativa L.+ Raphanus sativus L.) (C–R–S–OR). The WEC decreased over time under CT system at a depth to 0–15 cm in rotation C–R–S–OR having cereal rye and oat + radish CCs. The POXC at depths of 15–30 and 30–45 cm increased significantly over time from fall 2015 to spring 2018 for all rotations under both tillage systems. The cumulative DOC leaching was greater in C–R–S–HV rotation than in C–S rotation in fall 2015 and spring 2018. Inclusion of cereal rye in C–R–S–HV and C–R–S–OR rotations reduced cumulative TN leaching compared with the C–S having no CC in spring 2018. Increased DOC leaching losses with the introduction of CC should be addressed and need further evaluation for its impact on C cycling in surface and subsurface waters.
QUESTDB: A database of highly accurate excitation energies for the electronic structure community
Authors: Véril Mickaël , Scemama Anthony , Caffarel Michel , Lipparini Filippo , Boggio‐Pasqua Martial , Jacquemin Denis , Loos Pierre‐François 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe describe our efforts of the past few years to create a large set of more than 500 highly accurate vertical excitation energies of various natures (π → π*, n → π*, double excitation, Rydberg, singlet, doublet, triplet, etc.) in small‐ and medium‐sized molecules. These values have been obtained using an incremental strategy which consists in combining high‐order coupled cluster and selected configuration interaction calculations using increasingly large diffuse basis sets in order to reach high accuracy. One of the key aspects of the so‐called QUEST database of vertical excitations is that it does not rely on any experimental values, avoiding potential biases inherently linked to experiments and facilitating theoretical cross comparisons. Following this composite protocol, we have been able to produce theoretical best estimates (TBEs) with the aug‐cc‐pVTZ basis set for each of these transitions, as well as basis set corrected TBEs (i.e., near the complete basis set limit) for some of them. The TBEs/aug‐cc‐pVTZ have been employed to benchmark a large number of (lower‐order) wave function methods such as CIS(D), ADC(2), CC2, STEOM‐CCSD, CCSD, CCSDR(3), CCSDT‐3, ADC(3), CC3, NEVPT2, and so on (including spin‐scaled variants). In order to gather the huge amount of data produced during the QUEST project, we have created a website (https://lcpq.github.io/QUESTDB_website) where one can easily test and compare the accuracy of a given method with respect to various variables such as the molecule size or its family, the nature of the excited states, the type of basis set, and so on. We hope that the present review will provide a useful summary of our effort so far and foster new developments around excited‐state methods.This article is categorized under:
Electronic Structure Theory > Ab Initio Electronic Structure Methods
Selectivity in organocatalysis—From qualitative to quantitative predictive models
Authors: Sterling Alistair J. , Zavitsanou Stamatia , Ford Joseph , Duarte Fernanda 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRecent advances in both experimental and computational techniques pose an exciting time for chemistry. Computational tools traditionally used to interpret experimental trends have now evolved into predictive models able to guide the design of novel catalysts. This review discusses the evolution of these models, as well as challenges and future avenues in the field of organocatalysis. Through representative examples we demonstrate how traditional physical organic chemistry tools in combination with machine learning models provide a powerful approach to achieve deeper understanding alongside greater predictive power.This article is categorized under:
Structure and Mechanism > Reaction Mechanisms and Catalysis
Electronic Structure Theory > Density Functional Theory
Data Science > Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning
Carbonaceous vs. total biochemical oxygen demand as a basis for WRRF design and performance monitoring
Authors: Young James C. , Vanrolleghem Peter A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe standard 5‐day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) measurement of water quality is used widely as a design parameter for water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs). This measure usually includes a component of nitrogenous oxygen demand (NOD) that can cause oversizing of biological processes and under‐evaluation of process capacity. Carbonaceous BOD (CBOD5) more closely represents oxygen demand associated with biodegradation of organic constituents of a wastewater than does BOD5 and therefore should be used as a basis for sizing aerobic treatment processes. Nitrogenous oxygen demand or reduced nitrogen content should be used as a loading and process performance parameter for nitrogen removal processes.Practitioner points

Oxygen demand for aerobic biodegradation reactions typically is divided into two major categories—carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand (CBOD) and nitrogenous oxygen demand (NOD).
Use of BOD5 as a design parameter and CBOD5 as an effluent water quality parameter distorts the true performance and loading rate capacity of a treatment plant.
Carbonaceous BOD (CBOD5) more closely represents oxygen demand associated with biodegradation of organic constituents of a wastewater than does BOD5 and therefore should be used as a basis for sizing and evaluating the performance of aerobic treatment processes.
Nitrogenous oxygen demand or reduced nitrogen content should be used as a loading and process performance parameter for nitrogen removal processes.
Quality and Standards for Haematopoietic Stem Cells Transplantation Programs
Authors: McGrath Eoin , Jawdat Dunia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHealthcare settings at present are driven by quality initiatives aiming to improve services and patient care. Haematopoietic Stem Cells Transplantation (HSCT) is an evolving field influenced by advancement in technology and research, which is reflected in its complex modality and sophisticated procedures. Due to the necessary collaboration between several entities (donor registries, testing laboratories, collection facilities, manufacturing and storing facilities, clinical programs and logistic services) in performing HSCT, achieving high-quality services is considered a challenge. Therefore, transplantation professionals have been continuously developing and improving standards to help control this complexity and manage the inherent risks of this treatment. In this regard, HSCT was, and continues to be, a pioneer in the area of quality and standards.
Adverse Events and Corrective and Preventive Actions
Authors: Huynh Phuong , Monteleone Renza 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEverything that is not compliant with SOP, guidelines, national and international standards, and legal requirements could affect the quality and safety of the cellular products and all processes. To guarantee the safety of cellular products, to protect recipients, donors, and personnel, it is necessary to have in place a robust system for reporting, investigating, and resolving all occurrences: errors, accidents, adverse events, biological product deviations, and complaints.In some case, the management of adverse events and other type of deviations is included in hospital management, but even in this case, the transplant programme quality system should have specific SOP that includes a system to manage any issues, actions to prevent adverse events and deviations, and a description of the step to resolve them.
Performance Measurement
Authors: Alseraihy Amal , Rasheed Waleed , Aljurf Mahmoud 
Published: February 2021

AbstractStem cell transplantation is a highly specialized and cost-driving service, operating at multiple levels of structures and processes, according to each program’s capacity and complexity of treated cases. Whether the focus of the program is to achieve excellence or to build a quality system or to comply with national or international accreditation, performance improvement and management can be challenging for the decision makers without objective customized performance measures for such complex medical care. The first part of this chapter provides the reader with a comprehensive review of performance measurement definitions, development, and working framework. The second part focuses on performance measurement in SCT program.
Methodologische Perspektive und methodische Vorgehensweise
Authors: Haus Juliane 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung. Das vierte Kapitel zielt darauf ab, den Ablauf des Forschungsprozesses in methodischer und methodologischer Perspektive nachvollziehbar darzulegen. Es werden einerseits, die genutzten Methoden der Datenerhebung und -analyse dargestellt und zugleich die methodologische Perspektive reflektiet und offengelegt, aus der heraus die Forschung erfolgte. Zur besseren Übersicht wurde das Kapitel in drei Abschnitte geteilt. Der erste Teil thematisiert unterschiedliche Geschichtspunkte des Forschungsdesigns (Abschnitt 4.1) und gibt hier u.a. eine kurze Einführung zum qulitativen Experiment (Abschnitt 4.1.3). Der zweite Teil gibt Auskunft über das Vorgehen der Datenerhebung und die Datengrundlage, auf welcher die empirische Analyse fußt (Abschnitt 4.2). Abschließend wird in einem dritten Teil erläutert, weshalb das Verfahren der wissenssoziologischen Gattungsanalyse für die untersuchte Forschungsfrage sowohl aus methodologischer als auch aus konzeptioneller Sicht geeignet erscheint (Abschnitt 4.3).
Going native und coming home – Ein Ausblick
Authors: Haus Juliane 
Published: February 2021

Zusammenfassung﻿Die vorliegende Untersuchung ist das Resultat der Auseinandersetzung einer qualitativen Forscherin mit dem Feld der wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Laborexperimente. Die Inspiration zu neuen Forschungsarbeiten entstammt nicht selten aus dem Gefühl der Befremdung und der Differenz zwischen der beobachteten und der eigenen Wissenschaftskultur der Forschenden. So regte mich die Auseinandersetzung mit dem wissenschaftlichen Verfahren des Experiments zu einer kritischen Reflexion der Frage an, welche Potenziale ein experimentelles Vorgehen für die qualitative soziologische Forschung besitzen könnte. Das abschließende Kapitel skizziert kurz , welche Anstöße die Erkenntnisse dieser Arbeit für die Methodologie der Soziologie selbst bieten und plädiert für eine konstruktive Auseinandersetzung mit dem Potential verschiedener Spielarten experimenteller Forschungsdesigns in der qualitativen sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung.
Spectral Gaps and Incompressibility in a $${\varvec{\nu }}$$ = 1/3 Fractional Quantum Hall System
Authors: Nachtergaele Bruno , Warzel Simone , Young Amanda 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe study an effective Hamiltonian for the standard $$\nu =1/3$$

ν
=
1
/
3

fractional quantum Hall system in the thin cylinder regime. We give a complete description of its ground state space in terms of what we call Fragmented Matrix Product States, which are labeled by a certain family of tilings of the one-dimensional lattice. We then prove that the model has a spectral gap above the ground states for a range of coupling constants that includes physical values. As a consequence of the gap we establish the incompressibility of the fractional quantum Hall states. We also show that all the ground states labeled by a tiling have a finite correlation length, for which we give an upper bound. We demonstrate by example, however, that not all superpositions of tiling states have exponential decay of correlations.
iTriangular Stapling Technique: A Novel Reconstruction Method and Clinical Outcomes of Cervical Esophagogastric Anastomosis after Esophagectomy
Authors: Shibao Kazunori , Inoue Yuzuru , Sawatsubashi Yusuke , Kohi Siro , Matayoshi Nobutaka , Tanoue Takayuki , Sato Nagahiro , Katsuki Takefumi , Hirata Keiji 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe herein report the feasibility and safety of cervical end‐to‐end anastomosis by the iTriangular stapling technique (iTST), which was developed as an extension of the triangular stapling technique (TST) after minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE).MethodsA total of 45 patients with thoracic esophageal cancer who underwent reconstruction with cervical esophagogastric anastomosis by iTST using a linear stapler after MIE between January 2016 and January 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. We modified and improved upon the TST by adding a 1‐ to 2‐cm vertical incision on the anterior wall of the remnant esophageal stump to enlarge the anastomotic lumen and thereby reduce the risk of anastomotic stenosis. The short‐term patient outcomes were determined to assess the safety and feasibility of our procedures.ResultsThe median operating time was 686 (range, 319–1110) minutes, and the median blood loss was 170 (range, 5–1180) ml. There were no cases of anastomotic stenosis in this study, although 2 patients (4.4%) developed minor anastomotic leakage. A case (2.2%) of tracheal fistula due to the apex of the triangular anastomosis was resolved simply by delaying the patient's oral intake. The mean length of the hospitalization was 21 days.ConclusionsThe iTST provides a larger lumen unlimited by the size of the esophagus in cervical esophagogastric anastomosis. This technique is feasible, and sufficient short‐term results have been achieved. Further studies with the accumulation of more cases will be required to prove the benefits of iTST for reconstruction after MIE.
Humanitarian Surgical Missions in Times of COVID‐19: Recommendations to Safely Return to a Sub‐Saharan Africa Low‐Resource Setting
Authors: Lopez‐Lopez Víctor , Morales Ana , García‐Vazquez Elisa , González Miguel , Hernandez Quiteria , Baroja‐Mazo Alberto , Palazon Dolores , Tortosa Jose A. , Rodriguez Maria A. , Torregrosa Nuria M. , Kanyi Winnie , Ndungu J. K. , Martinez José Gil , Rodriguez José M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundSince the declaration of the pandemic, humanitarian medicine has been discontinued. Until now, there have been no general recommendations on how humanitarian surgical missions should be organized.MethodsBased on our experience in the field of humanitarian surgical missions to Sub‐Saharan Africa, a panel of recommendations in times of COVID‐19 was developed. The fields under study were as follows: (1) Planning of a multidisciplinary project; (2) Organization of the infrastructure; (3) Screening, management and treatment of SARS‐COV‐2; (4) Diagnostic tests for SARS‐COV‐2; (5) Surgical priorization and (6) Context of patients during health‐care assistance. We applied a risk bias measurement to obtain a consensus among humanitarian health‐care providers with experience in this field.ResultsA total of 94.36% of agreement were reached for the approval of the recommendations. Emergency surgery must be a priority, and elective surgery adapted. For emergency surgery, we established a priority level 1a (< 24 h) and 1b (< 72 h). For an elective procedure, according our American College of Surgeon adaptation score, process with more than 60 points should be reconsidered. Due to the low life expectancy in many African countries, we consider 45–50 years as age of risk. In case of SARS‐COV‐2 active infection or high clinical suspicion, the screening, management and treatment should be following the international guidelines adapted to duration of the stay, available infrastructure, size of the cooperation team and medical resources.ConclusionsHumanitarian surgical mission in times of COVID‐19 is a challenge that must extrapolate the established recommendations to the local cooperation environment.