bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ambient temperature and deaths from homicide in Brazil during 2010-2019: A nationwide space-time-stratified case-crossover study
Authors: Mahendran Rahini , Xu Rongbin , Yu Pei , Coelho Micheline S Z S , Saldiva Paulo H N , Li Shanshan , Guo Yuming 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Research question: Previous evidence suggests a positive association between temperature and homicide, but the association was less clear in Brazil where homicide is one of the leading causes of death. This study aimed to quantify the association between ambient daily temperature and homicides in Brazil with potential lag effects and to quantify the temperature attributed fractions of homicides in Brazil.
Methods: A space-time-stratified case-crossover design with distributed lag models was used to evaluate the temperature-homicide association from 1·1·2010 to 31·12·2019 in Brazil. The odds ratios (OR), attributable fractions and their confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.
Results: Overall every 5°C increase in daily mean temperature was associated with a 10·6% (OR=1·106, 95% CI: 1·085–1·127) increase in homicidal deaths at lag 0-8 days. The temperature-homicide association is stronger for females and elderly, homicides by fights, sharp objects or firearm, and in North region. During the study period, 1·8% (95% CI: 1·1%–2·7%) of homicides could be attributed to temperature above immediate-region-specific median temperature corresponding to 10,921 additional deaths (95% CI: 6,350–15,372).
Conclusion: Our nationwide study suggests that the homicides in Brazil may increase with temperature and recommends targeted preventions for certain risk groups to high temperature, considering future climate change circumstances.
The Effect of Intensive Treatment of Hypertension on Cardiovascular Events, Generalized to Middle-Aged to Older Americans Living with Hypertension
Authors: Shen Nicola M , Wanigatunga Amal A , Michos Erin D , Ambrosius Walter T , Lesko Catherine R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) estimated the effect of intensive SBP treatment (target &lt;120 mmHg) compared to standard (&lt;140 mmHg) on the risk of cardiovascular events in adults aged 50+ years. Clinical trial participants may differ from an intervention’s target population. We generalized the SPRINT results to U.S. adults who would qualify for treatment under SPRINT eligibility criteria. We applied these eligibility criteria to participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2011 – 2018 to describe the target population. We estimated Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan-Meier risk curves, weighted with the inverse odds of sampling, to estimate hazards ratios (HR) and 5-year risk differences for the effect of intensive treatment on cardiovascular and adverse events in the target population. The HR for CVD events was 0.76 (0.53, 1.08) comparing intensive to standard treatment, which is consistent with the estimates from the original SPRINT trial. The 5-year risk difference for a cardiovascular event was -2.2% (-5.3%, 1.6%). The HR for serious adverse events was 0.97 (0.83, 1.13). Despite differences between the SPRINT and target populations, we estimated a similar benefit of intensive treatment and similar rates of SAEs, in the target population.
Pharmacy technician education and training: Highlighting the partnership among a state pharmacy association, local community college, and healthcare system
Authors: Yik Richard , Salvo Marissa C 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Well-educated and well-trained pharmacy technicians play an integral part in the operation of pharmacies. However, recently, the pharmacy technician workforce has been declining due to many factors, including low salary, limited career advancement, and increasing responsibilities. Here a pharmacy technician student education and training partnership among a state pharmacy association, a community college, and a healthcare system is described.

Summary
Through this novel partnership, the state association provides the curriculum and instructors for the community college to offer the course and the health system provides real-world experiences. The dedicated course with didactic and simulation opportunities, coupled with the experiential learning opportunity, following successful course completion, can prepare pharmacy technician students to enter the workforce and potentially address recent workforce shortages.

Conclusion
Collaboration among a state pharmacy association, a community college, and a healthcare system or pharmacy may be a viable model in providing pharmacy technician education and training programs. Partnered health systems or pharmacies may benefit from having a consistent pool of well-trained, diverse, and dedicated pharmacy technicians to add to the workforce.
Prediction of human gut microbiota-drug associations based on multiple graph convolutional networks
Authors: Wang Shuaiqi , Li Xingxiu , Zhou Kaicheng , Li Jianxi , Hou Dongyue , Xu Caili , Yang Yuan , Ju Dianwen , Zeng Xian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Motivation
Many associations among gut microbiota, diseases, and therapeutic drugs have been reported in various clinical settings, providing a new layer of clues for understanding the variations of therapeutic features among patients. However, experimental strategies heavily suffered from the technic challenges of the isolation and in vitro culture of individual microbiota species.

Results
In this study, we developed a multiple graph convolutional networks model (GutMDA) for predicting gut micro-biota-drug associations to complement experimental strategies and existing prediction methods. We constructed gut microbiota species-species based on phylogenetical-based similarity, drug-drug network based on chemical structural similarity, and disease-disease association networks based on MESH-derived semantic similarity. These networks were subsequently integrated into a microbiota-disease-drug triple network and trained on graph convolutional network models to predict microbiota-drug associations. The results showed that GutMDA demonstrates superior performance with the average AUC and AUPR over 0.99 on MASI dataset in five-fold cross validations. The case studies showed that the most of top-20 predicted associations have been validated experimentally in recent publications, which further demonstrated the effectiveness of GutMDA. In summary, GutMDA provided an effective option for predicting gut microbiota-drug associations.

Availability and implementation
Original data and codes are available at https://github.com/Wang-Shuaiqi/GutMDA.
Population genetic structure of an androdioecious freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) and its clonal reproduction analysed through GRAS-Di sequencing technology
Authors: Sano Natsumi , Yamagishi Amane , Houki Shouji , Kawamura Kouichi , Inoue Nariaki , Komaru Akira 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea is a simultaneous hermaphrodite that reproduces through androgenesis. However, we found the coexistence of males and hermaphrodites (androdioecy) of C. fluminea in the Yasu River in Shiga Prefecture and in the Shirakawa River in Kyoto, Japan. In this study, we investigated the genetic structure of the androdioecious populations and the genetic relationship between brooding clams and brooded juveniles in their egg pouches, using genotyping by random amplicon sequencing–direct (GRAS-Di) to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms in gill tissue samples. Principal component analysis and assignment tests showed that males collected from the Yasu River were genetically distinct from males collected from the Shirakawa River and from hermaphrodites collected from both rivers. The results reveal maintenance of a male lineage in the Yasu River from 2009 to 2018, whereas in the Shirakawa River males were not distinct from hermaphrodites. In the study locations, this species exhibited two shell colour phenotypes (‘yellow’ and ‘green’), but correspondence between shell colour and genotype was not detected. A perfect match of all 6968 single nucleotide polymorphisms was found between the brooding clams and brooded juveniles, which confirmed the clonal reproduction with androgenesis reported previously from cytological observations.
The Lasting Effects of Incarcerating Juveniles in US Adult Facilities: Examining the Impact on Employment and Income During Early Adulthood
Authors: Silver Ian A , Semenza Daniel C , Wooldredge John 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Using the NLSY-1997, the current study examined if juvenile incarceration in US adult correctional facilities influenced the average number of weeks worked and income earned during adulthood and the number of years until an individual worked a full week and earned federal minimum wage. These effects were also specified by a juvenile’s race. Results demonstrated that juvenile incarceration in an adult facility was associated with negative employment and income outcomes during early adulthood. Also, Black juveniles are more susceptible to these economic consequences. Theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.
Hospitalization for cardiovascular disease in the year after delivery of twin pregnancies
Authors: Lin Ruby , Fields Jessica C , Lee Rachel , Rosenfeld Emily B , Daggett Emily E , Sharma Ruchira , Ananth Cande V 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and Aims
Increased cardiovascular demand in twin pregnancies, even those without hypertensive disease of pregnancy (HDP), may pose a greater risk for cardiovascular complications compared with singletons. In this study, the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)–related hospitalizations and mortality within the year following delivery in relation to HDP was compared between twin and singleton pregnancies.

Methods
Using the Nationwide Readmissions Database of US hospitals from 2010 to 2020, the rates of CVD readmission in four exposure groups (twin deliveries with and without HDP and singleton deliveries with and without HDP) were estimated. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to determine associations with singletons without HDP as the reference.

Results
Of 36 million delivery hospitalizations, the rates of CVD readmission in twin and singleton pregnancies were 1105.4 and 734.1 per 100 000 delivery admissions, respectively. Compared with singletons without HDP, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of CVD readmission was highest for twins with HDP [HR 8.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.48–9.01], followed by singletons with HDP (HR 5.89, 95% CI 5.70–6.08) and then twins without HDP (HR 1.95, 95% CI 1.75, 2.17).

Conclusions
Compared with singletons without HDP, twin pregnancies, even in the absence of HDP, are associated with increased risks for CVD complications in the first year post-partum. These findings highlight the increased strain twin pregnancies place on the maternal cardiovascular system. These findings advocate the need for appropriate pre-conception counselling for those with cardiovascular risk factors undergoing infertility treatment, which increase the risks of multi-foetal gestation, and increased post-partum surveillance in twin pregnancies.
Self-care: a well-known but yet elusive concept. A discussion of theories, concepts, interventions, and measurement
Authors: Jaarsma Tiny , Riegel Barbara , Strömberg Anna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Good self-care can improve survival, decrease health care costs, and improve quality of life of persons with cardiovascular illness. Health care professionals from different disciplines have a role in self-care support. Many definitions, theories, and measurement instruments exist addressing self-care and this plethora might be confusing to clinicians and researchers. In this discussion article, we will guide the reader to find the right terminology and discuss theoretical foundations and instruments available to frame patient care and research addressing the self-care of persons with cardiovascular illness.
Effects of exergaming and yoga on exercise capacity and physical and mental health in heart failure patients: a randomized sub-study
Authors: Klompstra Leonie , Hägglund Eva , Jaarsma Tiny , Kato Naoko P , Strömberg Anna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aims
This study aimed to explore effects of exergaming and medical yoga on exercise capacity, fatigue, shortness of breath, health-related quality of life, depression, and anxiety in patients with heart failure.

Methods and results
A randomized sub-study with a 3-month intervention and outcomes measures at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Participants were recruited from heart failure clinics in Sweden. Treatment effects in change of outcomes were tested in an analysis of mixed-effects models with repeated measures. Change in outcomes was the dependent variable. The independent fixed-effect parameters were treatment group, time, and the interaction between treatment group and time.
In total, 104 patients (37% women, mean age 71 ± 12, 48% in New York Heart Association Class II and 42% in III) were randomized to exergaming (n = 35), medical yoga (n = 33), or an active control group (n = 36). No statistically significant differences were found between these three groups on any of the outcome measures. Exergaming significantly improved exercise capacity, fatigue, shortness of breath, and physical health-related quality of life and medical yoga improved symptoms of fatigue and emotional health-related quality of life. The control group did not change on the exercise capacity, symptoms, health-related quality of life, or depressive or anxiety symptoms. The well-being score in patients in the control group significantly decreased at 3 months.

Conclusion
Both exergaming and medical yoga demonstrated positive impacts on outcomes when compared with a control group. Exergaming, characterized by its elevated physical intensity, exerted effects primarily on physical health, while medical yoga, as a mind–body intervention, exhibited influences on emotional well-being.

Registration
ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT01785121
Inequalities in health and resources between siblings of individuals with and without mental health disorder: an observational study using the French national health data system
Authors: Heyer Thibaut , Tuppin Philippe 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to describe the effect of an individual’s mental health disorder on the resources of his or her adult siblings. A subject rarely analyzed on a large scale. The French National Health Data System (SNDS) collects data on individuals, including their characteristics and the types of healthcare used. A national observational sectional case–control study included individuals covered as of 1 January 2019 and receiving yearly at least one healthcare reimbursement in 2019 including their SNDS data collected from 2013 to 2018. The main variables of interest were a Complementary Universal Health Coverage (CUHC) granted to people who had limited resources. There is also a long-term disease (LTD) status qualifying also for 100% for a specific disease and an ecological index of social deprivation of the place of residence. Conditions were also collected using a specific tool including LTD and hospital diagnosis. Analyzed siblings included 280 709 cases with at least one member suffering from a mental health disorder and 561 418 randomly selected control individuals were addressed using a multilevel model. Siblings of people with mental health problems were more likely to benefit from CUHC or to live in the most deprived area. In addition, the study also highlighted the importance of parental background, which appears to be poorer than in the control population. Social inequalities are particularly marked among the siblings of a person suffering from mental health disorder. Further studies are needed to better understand and enlarge these observational results.
Getting school-provided meals to the table: an international multiple-case study of school food service
Authors: Manson Alexandra C , Johnson Brittany J , Middleton Georgia , Evans Charlotte , Dunbabin Julie , Rossiter Jo , Nicklaus Sophie , Sundin Anders , Sundin Niina , Golley Rebecca K 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A school food service, which is the way children access food during the school day, is one of the many aspects in creating a health-promoting school environment. School-provided meal services differ greatly, depending on the country, region and school contexts, however, there is limited understanding of the diverse meal delivery within these settings. Therefore, the aim of this study was to understand different school-provided meal systems across different countries and contexts. This study used a qualitative, naturalistic observation, using an interpretative epistemology and a multiple-case design to explore food service across seven schools, mapped against a school meal food service framework. This included three schools with an established school-provided meal system (England, France and Sweden) and four schools with emerging school-provided meal systems (Australia). Mapping captured findings across the domains of Menu offering, Food service system, Administration, Eating environment, Mealtime experience and Post-meal. Results demonstrate the need for tailored school food programmes, designed appropriate to the country, region and school context, including considering cultural underpinnings and available resources. Furthermore, a positive eating environment and elements of student choice and responsibility were all noted as principles important in a school food service. This knowledge can be used to inform planning of future systems, particularly for regions transitioning into a school-provided meal model, and those looking to implement improvements to existing systems.
Upadacitinib in Autoimmune Enteropathy—A Case Report
Authors: Chin Simone , Lokan Julie , Wong Darren , De Cruz Peter , Choy Matthew 
Published: January 2025

Lay Summary
Autoimmune enteropathy (AIE) is a rare condition, which can be debilitating. We report a steroid-refractory case of AIE which responded to upadacitinib.
Memorial Justice? Lessons from Colombia on How Memorialization Can Serve Justice in Transitional Contexts
Authors: Gutiérrez-Rodríguez Carlos 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT∞
The first Restorative Sanctions (Sanciones Propias) proposed by the Colombian Special Jurisdiction for Peace – globally acknowledged for its innovative sanctioning model – include memorial initiatives that should serve to punish the perpetrators of massive human rights violations and contribute to restoring the damages caused during the armed conflict. While in previous transitional processes, memory had a role as a complement, an alternative or a means to achieve justice in the future, through the Special Jurisdiction for Peace, memory could play a role as judicial punishment for those most responsible for massive atrocities. This article explores the gap opened up by this new dimension for memory through a transdisciplinary qualitative case study. It examines how and whether memorialization can serve the interests of justice.
Prevalence and factors associated with TB among presumptive TB patients in war-affected areas of North Wollo, Ethiopia
Authors: Asmare Zelalem , Assefa Abebe , Belay Amanuel , Mulie Ayehu , Aschil Dawit , Gashaw Yalewayker 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
TB is a leading infectious disease globally, with war and displacement significantly increasing its burden. In Ethiopia, ongoing conflict and displacement have worsened health conditions, yet data on TB prevalence and resistance remain scarce. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of TB, rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB), and associated factors among presumptive TB patients in hospitals during the ongoing crisis.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 273 presumptive TB participants, recruited via convenience sampling. Data on socio-demographic and behavioural factors were collected through interviews using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Sputum samples were examined using the Xpert MTB/RIF molecular assay. Binary logistic regression was used to analyse the association between independent variables and TB. Variables with a P value  ≤0.25 in the univariate analysis were included in the multivariable regression to identify independent predictors, with a P value ≤0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results
Among the 273 study participants, 47 were confirmed to have Mycobacterium tuberculosis, resulting in a prevalence of 17.2%. Of the 47 patients diagnosed with M. tuberculosis, 17 (36.2%) were found to have rifampicin-resistant strains. Previous contact with displaced persons [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.237; 95% CI: 1.67–10.762; P value: 0.002), contact with TB-infected individuals (AOR: 5.644; 95% CI: 2.46–12.96; P value: &lt;0.01) and being HIV positive (AOR: 3.074; 95% CI: 1.26–7.50; P value: 0.014) were the significant predictors for TB.

Conclusions
Our study revealed a troubling prevalence of RR-TB, underscoring the adverse effects of war and displacement on healthcare services. Significant associations with predictors like HIV infection and close contact with TB-infected individuals necessitate targeted interventions.
How do judges use large language models? Evidence from Shenzhen
Authors: Liu John Zhuang , Li Xueyao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article reports on the systematic use of a large language model by a court in China to generate judicial opinions—arguably the first instance of this in the world. Based on this case study, we outline the interaction pattern between judges and generative artificial intelligence (AI) in real-world scenarios, namely: 1) judges make initial decisions; 2) the large language model generates reasoning based on the judges’ decisions; and 3) judges revise the reasoning generated by AI to make the final judgment. We contend that this pattern is typical and will remain stable irrespective of advances in AI technologies, given that judicial accountability ultimately rests with judges rather than machines. Drawing on extensive research in behavioral sciences, we propose that this interaction process between judges and AI may amplify errors and biases in judicial decision-making by reinforcing judges’ prior beliefs. An experiment with real judges provides mixed evidence.
Object and Effects Tests in Resale Price Maintenance Cases in China
Authors: Ju Heng , Li Meitong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The legal rules toward RPM in China are undergoing a major change. Reflecting the classical disputes over the issues in major competition jurisdictions, the change highlights the importance of an effect-based approach. We summarize how RPM had been regulated in China under the jurisdiction of Anti-Monopoly Law. We also discuss the potential switch to an “effect-based” approach and the likely reliance on economic analysis in the future, through a systematic study of all the 45 RPM cases in China between 2008 and 2022.