bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Assessment of the Risk of Sudden Death in Cardiac Sarcoidosis: What Is Extensive or Significant Late Gadolinium Enhancement?
Authors: Pöyhönen Pauli , Lehtonen Jukka , Syväranta Suvi , Velikanova Diana , Mälkönen Henriikka , Simonen Piia , Nordenswan Hanna-Kaisa , Uusitalo Valtteri , Vihinen Tapani , Kaikkonen Kari , Haataja Petri , Kerola Tuomas , Rissanen Tuomas T. , Vepsäläinen Ville , Alatalo Aleksi , Pietilä-Effati Päivi , Kupari Markku 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:
Cardiac sarcoidosis involves a significant but difficult-to-define risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Current guidelines recommend consideration of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator for patients with extensive or significant myocardial late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. However, extensive/significant LGE is not defined.

METHODS:
A nationwide cardiac sarcoidosis registry was screened for patients entered before 2020 with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging done before or <3 months after diagnosis. Available studies were re-analyzed for LGE mass as a percentage of left ventricular (LV) mass and the number of LGE-positive LV segments in a 17-segment model. The occurrence of fatal or aborted SCD and ventricular tachycardia (VT) prompting therapy was recorded until the end of 2020 and subjected to cumulative incidence analyses, including competing events (LV assist device implantations, heart transplantations, and fatalities other than SCD). The predictors of SCD/VT were assessed using Fine and Gray modeling and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic analysis.

RESULTS:

Altogether, 305 patients (66% women, median age 51) with clinically manifest, definite (45%) or probable cardiac sarcoidosis (55%) were analyzed. On follow-up (median, 4.0 years), 21 SCDs, 60 VTs, and 14 competing events were noted. Both LGE mass and the number of LGE segments predicted the composite of SCD/VT (
P
<0.001), with receiver operating characteristic analyses identifying LGE mass ≥9.9% and ≥6 LGE segments as discriminative thresholds. At presentation, 70 patients were free of class I and class IIa implantable cardioverter defibrillator indications unrelated to LGE. Their 5-year rate of SCD/VT was 6.3% (0.0–14.8%) with LGE mass <9.9% versus 21.5% (6.5–36.6%) with higher LGE mass, and 6.9% (0.0–16.3%) with <6 LGE segments versus 20.5% (5.9–35.2%) with ≥6 segments.

CONCLUSIONS:
In cardiac sarcoidosis, myocardial LGE making up ≥9.9% of LV mass or affecting ≥6 LV segments may suggest prognostically significant LV involvement and a high risk of SCD. However, prospective validation of the thresholds is needed.
Dual Antiplatelet Treatment up to 72 Hours After Ischemic Stroke Stratified by Risk Profile: A Post Hoc Analysis
Authors: Zhang Yanli , Wang Xuan , Gao Ying , Chen Weiqi , Johnston S. Claiborne , Amarenco Pierre , Bath Philip M. , Yan Hongyi , Wang Tingting , Yang Yingying , Zhou Qi , Wang Mengxing , Jing Jing , Wang Chunjuan , Wang Yongjun , Wang Yilong , Pan Yuesong 
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:
Risk profile of recurrence may influence the effect of antiplatelet therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of clopidogrel-aspirin initiated within 72 hours after symptom onset for acute mild stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack stratified by risk profile.

METHODS:
This is a secondary post hoc analysis of the INSPIRES (Intensive Statin and Antiplatelet Therapy for Acute High-risk Intracranial or Extracranial Atherosclerosis) randomized clinical trial that enrolled patients 35 to 80 years old with acute mild ischemic stroke or high-risk transient ischemic attack between 2018 and 2022. Patients were stratified into different groups based on the Essen Stroke Risk Score (ESRS) and modified ESRS. The primary efficacy outcome was any new stroke within 90 days. The primary safety outcome was moderate-to-severe bleeding within 90 days.

RESULTS:

Among 6100 patients (3050 each in the clopidogrel-aspirin group and aspirin group), the median age was 65 years (interquartile range, 57–71 years), and 3915 (64.2%) were male. Clopidogrel-aspirin was associated with a reduced risk of new stroke in patients with an ESRS of <3 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.67 [95% CI, 0.52–0.86]), but not in those with an ESRS of ≥3 (HR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.72–1.18]), compared with aspirin (
P
interaction
=0.07). Similar results were found in patients stratified by modified ESRS (modified ESRS <6 in male and <5 in female: HR, 0.68 [95% CI, 0.55–0.83]; modified ESRS ≥6 in male and ≥5 in female: HR, 1.14 [95% CI, 0.82–1.59];
P
interaction
=0.01). The association between antiplatelet therapy and the moderate-to-severe bleeding did not differ across risk profile subgroups (ESRS of <3: HR, 1.35 [95% CI, 0.54–3.35]; ESRS of ≥3: HR, 3.21 [95% CI, 1.18–8.78];
P
interaction
=0.21; modified ESRS of <6 in male and <5 in female: HR, 1.96 [95% CI, 0.88–4.36]; modified ESRS of ≥6 in male and ≥5 in female: HR, 2.27 [95% CI, 0.70–7.39];
P
interaction
=0.85).

CONCLUSIONS:
This post hoc analysis of the INSPIRES trial showed that patients with a low level of risk profile assessed by ESRS received greater benefit from clopidogrel-aspirin initiated within 72 hours after symptom onset than aspirin alone.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03635749.
Dynamics of Illicit Arms Trade and Regional Security Challenges in West Africa
Authors: Balogun Wasiu Abiodun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the interplay between illicit arms trade, transnational criminal networks and regional security in West Africa, with a particular focus on Nigeria. It examines the sources, drivers and actors involved, highlighting Nigeria’s pivotal role as a source and transit point for illicit arms in the West African subregion. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating qualitative and quantitative data for a comprehensive analysis. Thematic analysis of the data reveals the evolving tactics of transnational criminal networks, including their adaptation to countermeasures and their impact on local conflicts. Statistical methods further uncover previously underreported trends in arms trafficking routes. Notably, the study identifies a significant link between the influx of illicit arms and the intensification of sociopolitical instability in rural areas of Nigeria. The findings highlight the necessity for a multidimensional strategy that incorporates regional and international cooperation to dismantle these criminal networks and address the root causes of the illicit arms trade.
Pentecostal Theological and Higher Education
Authors: Cartledge Mark J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This essay offers an overview of the field of pentecostal and charismatic theological and higher education, engaging with the contributions of three recent books (Kay and Butler, 2023), Topf (2021), and Yong and Coulter (2023). It identifies several key tensions that emerged in the movement as it developed its institutional structures. It also pays attention to two contexts, namely (1) the Bible college and seminary context, and (2) the liberal arts and university context. Subsequently, Christian scholarship in its intellectual and cultural context is considered as a factor in the pentecostal and charismatic educational endeavor. Following this discussion, the essay explores future opportunities and issues that might be considered going forward. It provides an introductory piece for the articles that follow in this special issue and opens up the conversation before concluding by framing the educational mission of the church within its doxological life.
Unavoidable Factors that Outline the Future of Pentecostal Theological Higher Education in Europe
Authors: Dimitrov Joseph 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
“You will know them by their graduates.” This is how the European pentecostal-charismatic churches assess the few pentecostal colleges and seminaries that offer higher theological education. This essay analyzes some critical socio-ecclesiological factors that, in juxtaposition with the established academic standards, would help these institutions improve what they currently do and also possibly plan for growth. The article introduces a layout in which the expectations of the churches being constituencies of these schools, the established norms for assessing curricula, the employed faculty, and the debated benefits of accreditation face one another. For almost three decades of university-level experience, pentecostal churches and academia seem to recognize that what has been gained should not be lost. Recognition for making necessary mutual adjustments would provide the best perspective for the future, and this proposed perception is supported by critical reflections and some practical suggestions. Pentecostal theology would be useless without genuine pentecostal spirituality. The local churches could be a great asset for both, and even the challenging European accreditation standards could help the concerned institutions in some way.
Novus Futurum: Latin American Pentecostals and Formal Theological Education
Authors: Ruarte Daniel , Aldana Hugo Melvin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The article brings light to the Latin American realities as it pertains to formal theological education. It begins with a brief historical overview of early Pentecostal efforts to train pastors and leaders. Continues with a selected number of current realities and challenges faced in the larger landscape of Biblical training, such as educational quality, resources, and access. It proposes several new futures to elevate the value of theological education for Pentecostal ministry. First, a quest for genuine support in a globalized world, second, an understanding of contextual Pentecostal praxis, inclusive of diverse theological perspectives. Lastly, an emphasis on strategic partnerships for the benefit of God’s kingdom by joining efforts to educate Pentecostal leaders for present and future generations.
Gender-Based Violence and Its Socio-Economic Impacts on Women: A Case Study of Hawassa City, Ethiopia
Authors: Mohammed Awol Ali 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study aims to explore the Socio-economic impacts gender-based violence on women in Hawassa city, Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative research approaches within a survey research design. Six Kebeles were selected from sub-cities using purposive and random sampling techniques. Subsequently, 311 participants were chosen from 584 populations using a simple random sampling technique. The findings underscored that gender-based violence remains a pervasive challenge in the study area, with existing legal frameworks facing substantial enforcement gaps due to societal norms and weak local legal structures. The study highlights the challenge of limited interventions addressing the root causes of gender-based violence, compounded by existing power imbalances between men and women. The prevalence of sexual violence, coupled with the absence of targeted programs, underscores the urgent need for initiatives specifically addressing rape and sexual harassment.
Albrecht Dürer’s Drawing Devices: an Experimental Study
Authors: Steadman Philip 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the two editions of his Underweysung der Messung of 1525 and 1538, Albrecht Dürer published designs for four devices to help artists with drawing. The present author has reconstructed all four tools and made experiments, in each case drawing a lute. The paper reports on the problems encountered and the times taken. For comparison, a perspective view of the lute is constructed geometrically, and other drawings are made freehand. The two more complex machines proved to be inaccurate, time-consuming, and almost unworkable. The gridded frame is faster and more accurate. Best of all in terms of speed and precision is tracing on glass, which in the experiments took less than a tenth of the time needed to set up and draw a perspective of the lute’s difficult curved form. The paper follows the historical legacy of Dürer’s devices. The complex machines are republished repeatedly in Renaissance texts on perspective but were arguably little used in practice. By contrast, the gridded frame and tracing on glass were recommended in many teaching texts and used widely by artists right up to the twentieth century.
Christian Kabbalah and Indo-Iranian Philology
Authors: Roling Bernd 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
With the late 18th and early 19th century the movement of speculative antiquarianism in France and Great Britain reached its peak. Figures like Charles Dupuis, Jean-Sylvain Bailly, Jacob Bryant, or Georges Stanley Faber might have been different in the final aims of their theoretical architecture, but they nevertheless had many objects in common. One key figure of the early 18th century was Charles Vallancey (1731–1812), who with immense efforts tried to demonstrate how a primordial European religion was created by the Druids. His student was the freemason Godfrey Higgins (1772–1838), who in his intentions was even more ambitious than his predecessor. In his Celtic Druids (1827) and especially in his two-volume Anacalypsis (1836) Higgins, according to his opinion, consistently demonstrated how the oldest of all religions was based on a simple model of astral-religious Buddhism, and especially Jews were the heirs of this tradition. Christian Kabbalah was forming a key instrument to support this theory, by laying open the inner – Buddhistic – sense of the Pentateuch. The paper aims to give a survey of Higgins complex synthesis and exemplifies his use of Christian Kabbalah in his Anacalypis.
Die Wissenschaftslehre und die Fundamentaltheologie: Bilanz und Ausblick wesensverwandter Rationalitäten
Authors: Müller Mathias 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
„G[ottes]L[ehre] in gewisser Beziehung = W[issenschafts]L[ehre]“ (GA II/7: 381). So lautet 1805 in nuce Fichtes Verhältnisbestimmung von transzendentaler und (modern:) theologischer Reflexion, die sich so wesensverwandt gegenüberstehen. Während die Wissenschaftslehre in gewisser Beziehung theologische Rationalität wird, verdankt sich gerechtfertigte Theologie immer schon transzendentaler Rationalität. Es ist zu zeigen, dass diese spezifische Theologie, die Fichte damals vor Augen hatte, seit ihrem Aufkommen im 19. Jahrhundert, die sogenannte Fundamentaltheologie ist. Wissenschaftslehre und Fundamentaltheologie sind Grundlagenwissenschaften.
Die folgenden Überlegungen gehen einerseits historisch fünf Figuren (Pentatomie) der Rezeptionsgeschichte der Wissenschaftslehre in der Fundamentaltheologie nach, um eine Zwischenbilanz zu geben, die in einen Ausblick mündet.
Andererseits wird systematisch die These dargelegt und unterlegt, dass Fundamentaltheologie heute nicht mehr auskommt, ohne in gewisser Beziehung zur Wissenschaftslehre zu stehen; ebenso ist in gewisser Beziehung die Wissenschaftslehre fähig und ist ihr inhärent, fundamentaltheologische Logoumena auszuweisen. Es gilt, u. a. folgenden Fragen betreffend transzendentale Gotteslehre nachzugehen: Warum ist das Offenlegen von Enthymemen so wichtig? Wie lässt sich Normativität begründen? Wie steht es um die Wichtigkeit von Aufzeigen (demonstratio), Beweisen und Begründen? Warum ist das ‚deum loqui‘ nicht mehr auszuschliessen von einer allgemeinen Wissenschaftstheorie?
L’engagement au féminin
Authors: Nakamura Aya 
Published: December 2024

Résumé
Les écrivaines de la génération de Beauvoir étaient confrontées à un dilemme où l’engagement politique était devenu un impératif dans le champ littéraire, alors qu’elles étaient historiquement exclues du domaine politique en raison de leur sexe. L’objectif de cet article est de réfléchir à la conjonction de la littérature et de la politique chez Beauvoir en comparant sa trajectoire avec celles d’autres écrivaines de son temps afin d’en montrer le caractère exceptionnel.
The Right Kind of Trouble
Authors: Scheu Ashley King 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article examines the existentialist meanings of “trouble,” an experience that recurs throughout Simone de Beauvoir’s and Jean-Paul Sartre’s writings on sadism, love, and desire. For both authors, trouble represents the phenomenological experience of being submerged in one’s body through either extreme pleasure or pain. Whereas Sartre’s use of trouble ends up denying intersubjective connection, Beauvoir’s writings leave open the possibility for reciprocity, but only if we are able to create the social grounds on which trouble can flourish.
Missing Links
Authors: Mealy J. Webb 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The author assesses the effectiveness of Thomas Schreiner’s exegesis of Revelation 20 in his recent technical Revelation commentary (Baker Academic, 2023). Schreiner boldly takes up the new creation millennialism interpretative solution, following J. Webb Mealy’s monographs After the Thousand Years and New Creation Millennialism, but he resists perhaps the most significant potential consequence of that model, namely, that John’s picture of the final fate of the stubbornly unrepentant is to be imagined as annihilation in a temporary pool (Gr. λίμνη) of fire, and not, as commonly understood, as everlasting torment in a permanent lake of fire. The author argues that Schreiner’s resisting of this element leads to an exposition that misses crucial ties between Rev. 19–20 and the Isaiah Apocalypse (Isa. 24:1–27:5) and to a disjointed and at points internally inconsistent story of the end of the unrepentant.
Molecular epidemiology and distribution of Cryptococcus neoformans in human immunodeficiency-positive patients in China
Authors: Wang Ying , Li Zichao , Liu Yaoguang , Ding Yu , Wang Zhongzhi 
Published: December 2024

Objective This study aims to inform the prevention and treatment of Cryptococcus neoformans infections in China by analyzing the molecular epidemiology and distribution patterns of the pathogen. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving a retrospective analysis of 64 clinical strains of Cryptococcus isolated from January 2018 to April 2023 across various domestic regions. Patient information was collected from human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals in multiple hospitals located in 19 cities within China’s southeastern coastal and southwestern regions. A VITEK MS mass spectrometer was employed for strain identification. Variants and mating types were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), while PCR multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was utilized for molecular genetic analysis of the strains. Evolutionary trees were constructed using MEGA software. Results The study identified a male predominance (2.37:1) among the 64 strains, with a median patient age of 38.5 years. Most strains (79.69%) were isolated from cerebrospinal fluid. All strains belonged to the Aα, VN I type, with MLST revealing three sequence types: ST5 (89.06%), ST32 (7.81%), and ST186 (3.13%). Conclusion From 2018 to 2023, Cryptococcus neoformans infections in China were predominantly found in middle-aged men, and the VN I genotype was the most common among the isolated strains.
The Factor Structure of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in India
Authors: Sheel Hina , Suárez Lidia , Marsh Nigel V. 
Published: December 2024

The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a brief instrument developed primarily for screening children and adolescents for social-emotional learning. The SDQ contains four factors related to socio-emotional difficulties and one factor related to prosocial behaviour. However, studies of its factor structure have produced mixed results. The present study examined whether the original five-factor model of the SDQ could be replicated with children in India. The sample consisted of 407 children aged 4–8 years with neurotypical development who were recruited across the states of North India. Parents and teachers were recruited through purposive sampling and completed the SDQ online. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess the factor structure of the SDQ. The results showed that the five-factor model was a good fit for parents and an adequate fit for teachers. The results from this study provide evidence for the construct validity of the SDQ with children in India. Hence, these findings provide support for its use in screening the social-emotional functioning of children living in India.
2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria for SLE score predicts future lupus hospital admission and costs
Authors: Suman Saurav , Ali Hammad , Buechler Connor R , Rogers Heidi C , Roberts W Neal 
Published: December 2024

Objective To test the ability of the 2019 EULAR/ACR Classification Criteria for SLE score to predict lupus related hospitalization and overall cost of hospitalization. Methods 217 University of Kentucky patient records that met our preliminary inclusion criteria, 44 patients were selected by a random number generator algorithm for a thorough chart review to collect data needed for calculation of the 2019 EULAR/ACR Classification Criteria for SLE score. Total hospitalization cost was calculated by using hospital adjusted expenses per inpatient day data, which estimates the expense incurred by the hospital to provide services and thus removes the variability of charges and reimbursements introduced by insurance type. Results Patients with a score of 19 or more had increased risk of hospitalization in at least the 6 months after initial outpatient visit as compared to their counterparts with scores less than 19 [ p = .069]. The odds of being hospitalized for lupus among those with initial score ≥19 was 5.71 times higher than for those with score <19. Patients who scored 19 or less at initial visit had a mean hospitalization cost of $14,499, whereas those scored >19 had mean hospitalization cost of $28,725. Conclusion This study adds to the growing evidence that 2019 EULAR/ACR Classification Criteria score for SLE can be used as a surrogate marker to assess disease severity. The weighted 2019 EULAR/ACR Classification Criteria for SLE score offers a promising tool beyond its primary objective to find true lupus cases for research and clinical trials.