bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic screening identifies a TEAD4‐S100A13 axis modulating cisplatin sensitivity of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells
Authors: Li Ruicen , Li Wenyu , He Fenghui , Zhang Ming , Luo Han , Tang Huairong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to screen prognosis‐related S100 protein family members in human paxpillomaviruses (HPV)‐negative oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and their molecular regulations.MethodsBioinformatic screening was conducted based on single‐cell RNA‐seq data from Puram 2017 dataset and bulk‐seq data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). HPV‐negative OSCC cell lines CAL‐27 and SCC‐4 were used as in vitro cell models.ResultsAmong 21 S100 protein family member genes, S100A13 upregulation was associated with unfavorable progression‐free survival and disease‐specific survival of OSCC patients. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis showed that the higher S100A13 expression group had elevated genes enriched in DNA repair and oxidative phosphorylation. S100A13 knockdown increased cisplatin sensitivity, while its overexpression decreased the sensitivity of CAL‐27 and SCC‐4 cells. S100A13 gene had complex alternative transcription patterns. ENST00000440685 is one of the major protein‐coding transcripts and was the only transcript elevated in the tumor group. TEAD4 could bind to the promoter of ENST00000440685 and increase its transcription. TEAD4 overexpression alleviated the tumor‐suppressive effect of cisplatin in terms of colony formation, the expression of apoptotic proteins, and DNA damage. However, S100A13 knockdown partly abrogated the protective effects of TEAD4 overexpression.ConclusionThis study revealed a novel TEAD4‐S100A13 axis that might modulate cisplatin sensitivity of OSCC tumor cells.
Sibling status, home birth, tattoos and stitches are risk factors for chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Senegalese children: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Périères Lauren , Protopopescu Camelia , Lo Gora , Marcellin Fabienne , Ba El Hadji , Coste Marion , Touré Kane Coumba , Diallo Aldiouma , Sokhna Cheikh , Boyer Sylvie ,   the ANRS 12356 AmBASS survey Study Group
Published: August 2021

AbstractSub‐Saharan Africa's hepatitis B virus (HBV) burden is primarily due to infection in infancy. However, data on chronic HBV infection prevalence and associated risk factors in children born post‐HBV vaccination introduction are scarce. We estimated hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence and risk factors in Senegalese children born during the HBV vaccination era. In 2018–2019, a community‐based cross‐sectional survey was conducted in Senegal among children born between 2004 and 2015 (ie after the three‐dose HBV vaccine series was introduced (2004) but before the birth dose's introduction (2016)). HBsAg‐positive children were identified using dried blood spots. A standardized questionnaire collected socioeconomic information. Data were age‐sex weighted and calibrated to be representative of children living in the study area. Risk factors associated with HBsAg positivity were identified using negative binomial regression. Among 1,327 children, 17 were HBsAg‐positive (prevalence = 1.23% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61–1.85)). Older age (adjusted incidence‐rate ratio [aIRR] 1.31 per one‐year increase, 95% CI 1.10–1.57), home vs healthcare facility delivery (aIRR 3.55, 95% CI 1.39–9.02), stitches (lifetime) (aIRR 4.79; 95% CI 1.84–12.39), tattoos (aIRR 8.97, 95% CI 1.01–79.11) and having an HBsAg‐positive sibling with the same mother (aIRR 3.05, 95% CI 1.09–8.57) were all independently associated with HBsAg positivity. The low HBsAg prevalence highlights the success of the Senegalese HBV vaccination program. To further reduce HBV acquisition in children, high‐risk groups, including pregnant women and siblings of HBsAg‐positive individuals, must be screened. Vital HBV infection prevention measures include promoting delivery in healthcare facilities, and increasing awareness of prevention and control procedures.
Clinical performance of a commercially available thymidine kinase 1 assay for diagnosis of lymphoma in 42 hospitalized horses (2017‐2020)
Authors: Moore Caitlin , Stefanovski Darko , Luethy Daniela 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundAntemortem definitive diagnosis of lymphoma in horses is often difficult. Thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) assay is a potentially useful biomarker for lymphoma in horses.Hypothesis/objectivesTo report the clinical performance of a commercially available TK1 assay for diagnosis of lymphoma in horses. We hypothesized that there would be no association between serum TK1 activity and a diagnosis of lymphoma in horses.AnimalsForty‐two hospitalized horses, 14 with a definitive diagnosis of lymphoma, 4 with other neoplasia, and 24 with inflammatory disease.MethodsRetrospective medical record review, groups were compared via Kruskal‐Wallis and Mann‐Whitney tests, and logistic regression was performed.ResultsMedian (range) TK1 was 3 U/L (0.4‐17.7 U/L) in horses with lymphoma and 3.9 U/L (0.8‐94 U/L) in horses without lymphoma (P = .59). There was no significant difference in total protein between horses with and without lymphoma (6.6 g/dL [5.5‐8.3 g/dL] vs 6.6 g/dL [4.7‐10.4 g/dL]; P = .83). There was no significant difference in fibrinogen between horses with and without lymphoma (447 [100‐1364] mg/dL vs 433 [291‐2004] mg/dL; P = .47). On logistic regression, serum TK1 activity was not associated with a diagnosis of lymphoma (odds ratio, 0.97; 95% confidence interval, 0.9‐1.05, P = .48).Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceSerum TK1 values were not predictive of lymphoma diagnosis in this cohort of horses.
Childhood stunting and micronutrient status unaffected by RCT of micronutrient fortified drink
Authors: Alfonso Mayén Victor , Ogunlusi Abimbola , Wright Charlotte Margaret , Garcia Ada Lizbeth 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMicronutrient supplementation is widely used to prevent stunting in children under 5 years in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC), but the impact of treatment has been disappointing, possibly due to non‐compliance. Our aim was to deliver long‐term micronutrient supplementation via a novel, culturally acceptable liquid food to improve linear growth in a high stunting prevalence region.In a randomised control trial, 971 children aged 6–72 months received either ‘Chispuditos®’ (n = 681), a hot drink (atole) fortified with micronutrients (atole + MN) (9 mg/zinc, 12.5 mg/iron), or lactose‐free milk (n = 290) for 18 months. Primary outcomes were changes in length/height‐for‐age (HAZ) score and the prevalence of stunting at 18‐month follow‐up. Adherence was monitored monthly, and 73% children in atole + MN group consumed at least half their daily zinc and iron requirement. At 18 months, there was no difference between the treatments in growth [mean change in HAZ −0.02 (95% CI −0.12, 0.08)] or stunting [atole + MN 41%, milk 41%; RR 0.99 (95% CI 0.84, 1.19)]. There were no differences in haemoglobin (HB), ferritin or zinc. No children had iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) at outcome, but zinc deficiency remained equally prevalent in both groups: atole + MN 35%, milk 35% [RR 1.02 (95% CI 0.83, 1.24)]. There was no difference in morbidity between the groups, and micronutrient status was unrelated to HAZ. Long‐term micronutrient supplementation via a culturally acceptable food had no impact on stunting or morbidity, raising the question of whether large‐scale micronutrient supplementation is worthwhile.
Methods and priorities for human resource planning in oil and gas projects in Russia and OPEC
Authors: Fadeev Alexey , Komendantova Nadejda , Cherepovitsyn Alexey , Tsvetkova Anna , Paramonov Ivan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and the Russian Federation are the key players in the global hydrocarbon market today. The successful hydrocarbon development is inextricably linked to the provision of highly qualified personnel for projects being implemented. To develop a universal methodology for planning the number of personnel of certain qualifications for the hydrocarbon deposit development in the shelf area is the main purpose of the study. A tool for prognosis and planning the number of personnel for offshore oil and gas projects is proposed. This methodological tool is based on a model of a static balance between the available human resource potential and the personnel requirements, which is expressed by a system of equations. The calculation is carried out on the basis of an offshore project of the oil and gas company.
Estimates of the variance components, heritability and genetic gains of phenotypic traits in citron watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides)
Authors: Ngwepe Mantlo Richard , Shimelis Hussein , Mashilo Jacob 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe present study estimated variance components, heritability and genetic advance of phenotypic traits in citron watermelon to guide selection of superior genotypes for direct production and breeding. Thirty‐six citron watermelon landrace accessions were evaluated across two seasons using a 6 × 6 alpha lattice design with three replications. High broad‐sense heritability and genetic advance as per cent of the mean were recorded for fruit length at 83.86% and 4730.45%, seed length (77.73% and 1731.27%), hundred seed weight (73.73% and 4027.36%), fruit diameter (70.44% and 2949.64%) and fruit weight (70.39% and 8490.05%), respectively. Step‐wise regression analysis revealed marketable fruit yield (Myld) and total number of fruits per plant (TNFr) explained 89% (R2 = .89) of total variation for total fruit yield per plant (TFYld), whereas number of seed per fruit (NSPFr) and hundred seed weight (HSW) explained 92% (R2 = .92) of total variation for seed yield per fruit (SYPFr). Citron watermelon landrace accessions WWM03, WWM14, WWM16, WWM39, WWM65, WWM67 and WWM79 with high TFYld and SYPFr were selected for production or breeding.
Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in pediatric migraine patients
Authors: Polat İpek , Karaoğlu Pakize , Şişman Ali Rıza , Yiş Uluç , Hız Kurul Semra 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundInflammation and endothelial dysfunction are the suggested underlying mechanisms in migraine. Pentraxins, C‐reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio are good indicators of inflammation. Alterations in insulin levels and insulin sensitivity may trigger endothelial dysfunction. This study evaluates the association between migraine and serum biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in children.MethodsChildren with migraine and healthy subjects were recruited. Serum samples were obtained in an attack‐free period. We collected data on serum levels of complete blood cell count, C‐reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, pentraxin‐3, and data from biochemical investigations. We compared these with clinical data such as age, sex, disease duration, attack frequency, attack duration, analgesic use, family history, and Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment Questionnaire scores.ResultsWe assessed samples from 32 children (11 boys, 21 girls) with migraine and 19 healthy controls (8 boys, 11 girls). We found significantly higher pentraxin‐3, insulin, and insulin resistance in patients with migraine (P = 0.001, P = 0.032, and P = 0.008, respectively). A positive directional correlation is found between pentraxin‐3 and Pediatric Migraine Disability Assessment Questionnaire scores. The best cut‐off values for pentraxin‐3 is determined between 12.75 pg/mL to 15 pg/mL in migraineurs.ConclusionsIn conclusion increased pentraxin‐3 levels support the suggestions that inflammation plays a role in pediatric migraine. The vascular endothelial dysfunction is observed by a rise in insulin and insulin resistance levels. Our findings support the idea that ongoing inflammation and vascular endothelial dysfunction between attacks may play a role in migraine pathogenesis in children.
First record of Neoporphyra haitanensis (T.J.Chang & B.F.Zheng) J.Brodie & L.‐E.Yang (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) from Shikinejima Island and Hachijojima Island of the Izu Islands, southern central Japan
Authors: Sano Fumina , Ikeura Airi , Takasugi Arata , Niwa Kyosuke 
Published: August 2021

SUMMARYWe conducted a morphological observation and molecular phylogenetic analyses on bladed Bangiales collected from natural populations on Shikinejima Island and Hachijojima Island of the Izu Islands, southern central Japan. The morphological features of the gametophytic blades such as the blade shape, blade margin and reproductive cell divisions were extremely similar to those parameters of Neoporphyra haitanensis, a species cultivated in southern China, and Neoporphyra dentata. However, the blades collected from the two islands were thicker than the blades of N. dentata; this feature was the same as that of N. haitanensis. The chloroplast RUBISCO spacer sequences of present samples were identical to the sequences of N. haitanensis from China. Moreover, phylogenetic positions of three conchocelis strains isolated from the blades on the two islands were examined based on concatenated sequences of the chloroplast rbcL gene and nuclear 18S rRNA. The results showed that the strains were resolved in a clade including N. haitanensis; however, the strains were separated from N. haitanensis in China. Therefore, the bladed Bangiales from the two islands were identified as N. haitanensis. The present study is the first record of N. haitanensis in natural populations in Japan.
Feelings from the heart: Developing HRV decrease‐trigger algorithms via multilevel hyperplane simulation to detect psychosocially meaningful episodes in everyday life
Authors: Schwerdtfeger Andreas R. , Rominger Christian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHeart rate variability (HRV) has been associated with diverse psychosocial concepts, like stress, anxiety, depression, rumination, social support, and positive affect, among others. Although recent ecological momentary assessment research devoted the analysis of cardiac‐psychosocial interactions in daily life, traditional time sampling designs are compromised by a random pairing of cardiac and psychosocial variables across several time points. In this study, we present an approach based on the concept of additional heart rate and additional HRV reductions, which aims to control for metabolic‐related changes in cardiac activity. This approach allows derivation of algorithm settings, which can later be used to automatically trigger the assessment of psychosocial states by online‐analysis of transient HRV changes. We used an already published data set in order to identify potential triggers offline indexing meaningful HRV decrements as related to low quality social interactions. First, two algorithm settings for a non‐metabolic HRV decrease trigger (i.e., the number of HRV decreases in a specified time window) were systematically manipulated and quantified by binary triggers (HRV decrease detected vs. not). Second, triggers were then entered in multilevel models predicting (lower levels of) social support. Effect estimates and bootstrap power simulations were visualized on hyperplanes to determine the most robust algorithm settings. A setting associated with 13 HRV decreases out of 29 min seems to be particularly sensitive to low quality of social interactions. Further algorithm refinements and validation studies are encouraged.
The nation versus the ‘not‐quite‐nation’: A semantic approach to nationalism and its terminology
Authors: Maxwell Alexander , Záhořík Jan , Turner Molly 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA ‘semantic approach’ to nationalism might focus on how political actors use the word ‘nation’ to legitimate political demands, often contrasting that word with other similar words, such as ‘ethnicity’ or ‘tribe’, which might be generalized as ‘not‐quite‐nations’. The semantic approach must also address the problem of linguistic diversity, and proposes that the word for ‘nation’ in languages other than English should be the word which bestows legitimacy. Applying this method to three case studies – Catalonia, Hungary, and Ethiopia – suggests that one particular word always emerges as the locus of sovereignty, and thus as the equivalent for ‘nation’. The method is not compatible with all scholarly approaches to nationalism, but it is consistent with the approach of both Benedict Anderson and Rogers Brubaker.
Autonomy or Domination? Two Faces of Differentiated Integration
Authors: Lord Christopher 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWhen is differentiated integration (DI) of the European Union a source of autonomy and when is it a source of domination? Much depends on what collective goods member state democracies seek through integration. Club goods often require member state democracies to form DIs of their choice. Public goods and common resource goods may, in contrast, require limits on DI if member state democracies are to meet their own obligations to their own publics to secure rights, justice, non‐domination and democracy itself. Those differences are important to understanding how European democracies should be ‘internationally ordered’ if they are to sustain internal forms of political autonomy. They also demonstrate the importance of DI to the autonomy of member state democracies in associating together beyond the state; in defining obligations within the state; and in securing the greatest autonomy of each European democracy compatible with the greatest possible autonomy of all European democracies.
Identity and the racialized politics of violence in gun regulation policy preferences
Authors: Vidal Xavier Medina , Páez Rocío A. , Shields Todd G. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveIn this study, we examine how attitudes about race, as well as ethno‐racial identities, influence support for various gun regulation policies. Drawing on the Racial Resentment and identity politics literature, we argue that attitudes about gun control are not simply driven by ideological, partisan, or demographic factors, but are often influenced by attitudes about race and identity, and region.MethodsUsing data from a 2016 national survey of White, African American, and Hispanic/Latinx respondents, along with a comparable southern sample, we test for the effects of ethno‐racial identity, Racial Resentment, evaluations of the Black Lives Matter movement, and feelings about African Americans on individuals’ attitudes about background checks and banning assault weapons. Using the 2016 American National Election Study, we test the generalizability of these findings in the presence of additional controls.ResultsOverall, we find that attitudes about race, ethno‐racial identities, and in some cases regional variations, help explain support for gun regulation policies.
Thermal-Hydraulic Safety Assessment of Full-Scale ESBWR Nuclear Reactor Design
Authors: Saraswat S. P. , Ray D. , Mishra G. , Yadav D. , Bhadouria V. S. , Munshi P. , Allison C. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The economic simplified boiling water reactor (ESBWR) is a boiling water nuclear reactor of generation III+. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) approved the ESBWR design as the world's best light-water nuclear reactor in 2014. It has the lowest core damage frequency (industry standard indicator of safety) of any Generation III or III+ reactor. It can cool automatically for more than seven days without using electricity or human intervention. During the operation, the ESBWR is designed to produce electricity while emitting almost no greenhouse gases. The energy generated by an ESBWR will prevent the emission of approximately 7.5 million metric tons of CO2 per year compared to standard electricity production on the U.S. grid. The analysis present in this paper aimed to characterize the thermal-hydraulic simulations of full-scale ESBWR design. The analysis presented will help in recognizing the improvement needed in the reactor design and its passive safety systems. The analysis is performed for normal steady-state and postulated design basis accident scenarios (break in one of the reactor main-steam lines inside the contentment). The simulation results obtained by the code REALP/SCDAPSIM/MOD3.4 are compared with the TRACG04 and MELCOR2.1 code results to determine the code predictability and accuracy under accident conditions of the newly proposed design of the ESBWR nuclear reactor. A parametric study is also carried out with different in-containment break sizes to determine code results' sensitive nature due to natural circulation flow phenomena, which are highly unstable. The analysis shows that the code has produced reasonably accurate results under the tested system thermal-hydraulic conditions compared with the TRACG04 and MELCOR2.1 code simulation results. This agreement between the three codes simulation results demonstrated that the publicly available RELAP5 code model has adequate features to simulate the ESBWR thermal-hydraulics. It has been also demonstrated that for the postulated accident conditions, the design of passive safety systems is capable to capture the accident progression without any active power.
The Effect of Oil–Water Ratio on Rheological Properties and Sag Stability of Oil-Based Drilling Fluids
Authors: Ofei Titus Ntow , Lund Bjørnar , Saasen Arild , Sangesland Sigbjørn 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Drilling fluids for oilfield use consist of complex mixtures of natural and synthetic materials. The viscous properties along with the particle size distribution of the applied weight materials are vital in controlling the stability of the microstructure and density of the drilling fluid. Typical oil-based drilling fluids made for North Sea oilfield drilling application with oil–water ratios (OWRs) of 80/20 and 60/40 are examined with respect to their density stability. The stability was analyzed at both rest and dynamic conditions using flow and viscosity tests, oscillatory sweep tests, creep tests, and time-dependent oscillatory sweep tests using a scientific rheometer with a measuring system applying a grooved bob at atmospheric conditions. The quantities used in ranking the stability of the fluids include the yield stress, flow transition index, mechanical storage stability index, and dynamic sag index. We observed that the drilling fluid sample with OWR = 60/40 showed a more stable dispersion with a stronger structure having higher yield stress and flow transition index values, while the mechanical storage stability index and dynamic sag index recorded lower values. Furthermore, the Herschel–Bulkley parameters for yield stress and consistency index increased in fluid with OWR = 60/40, whereas the flow index values for both fluid samples were similar. The results of this study enable drilling fluid engineers to design realistic oil-based drilling fluids with stable microstructure to mitigate weigh material settling and sag of particles for North Sea drilling operation.