bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Las mujeres, defensoras de la igualdad y el cuidado de la naturaleza
Authors: Vicente Giménez Teresa 
Published: March 2021

En el marco filosófico, jurídico y político del Estado de Derecho moderno las mujeres, la mitad de la humanidad, han sido excluidas, les ha sido negado el valor ético suficiente para ser portadoras de derechos, esto es, sujeto de derechos. Ello impulsó la acción de las mujeres para analizar su situación y defender su valor y sus derechos en condiciones de igualdad y no discriminación respecto a los hombres. El avance del movimiento feminista desde el siglo XVIII, cuando fueron expulsadas de la Asamblea política germen de la primera declaración de derechos humanos, hasta la segunda mitad del siglo XX, cuando fueron reconocidas a nivel universal como sujeto pleno de derechos, muestra el continuo desarrollo filosófico-jurídico de la conciencia de la humanidad, de la ética y de los derechos humanos. Desde el desarrollo de la justicia social y ecológica, el pensamiento jurídico feminista actual reconoce la amenaza de la realidad ecológica y de la realidad de las mujeres e implica propuestas alternativas de la vida en la Tierra basadas, en la sostenibilidad social y ecológica, en la lucha contra la violencia, y en la participación de las mujeres en la toma de decisiones. Esta nueva perspectiva integradora superadora de la visión cartesiana de un mundo dividido es defendida por el ecofeminismo.
In the modern origin of the Rule of Law, the Rechtsstaat formula, women were excluded from its philosophical, legal and political dimension, they were denied the value and sufficient ethical condition to be bearers of rights, that is, subjects of rights. This prompted action by women to analyze their situation and defend their value and rights in conditions of equality and non-discrimination with men. The advance of the feminist movement from the 18th century, when women were expelled from the political Assembly, the seed of the first declaration of human rights, to the second half of the 20th century, when they were universally recognized as full subject of rights, shows the continuous philosophical-legal development of the conscience of humanity, of ethics and of human rights. The current feminist legal thinking, from the development of social and ecological justice, recognizes the threat of ecological reality and the reality of women, it implies alternative proposals of life on Earth based on social and ecological sustainability, in the fight against violence and in the participation of women in decision-making. This new integrative perspective of a divided world is defended by ecofeminism.
«Yo sí te creo». Estereotipos sexistas hacia las víctimas de agresión sexual. Un estudio de caso sobre la Audiencia Provincial de Baleares (2018)
Authors: Ballesteros Doncel Esmeralda , Blanco Moreno Francisca 
Published: March 2021

La credibilidad de las víctimas de agresión sexual es a menudo cuestionada por algunos de los profesionales que enjuician la delincuencia sexual. A menudo, este escepticismo está basado en la pervivencia de estereotipos sexistas. Uno de ellos se refiere a qué se entiende que es una ‘violación real’. En el imaginario colectivo pervive el mito de que, la violación real implica la participación de un extraño armado, que ataca a una mujer de forma violenta durante la noche, causando graves heridas en las víctimas. Este artículo, que se presenta como un estudio de caso exploratorio, se examinan sentencias judiciales, emitidas por la Audiencia Provincial de Baleares en el año 2018 y que dictan un fallo absolutorio a los procesados. El estudio analiza cuatro factores, que en otras investigaciones empíricas se habían identificado como predictores de impunidad: el vínculo entre la víctima y el procesado, la violencia del ataque, el carácter de la víctima antes y después de la agresión sexual y, las asimetrías en la carga de la prueba. Los hallazgos corroboran la pervivencia de estereotipos de género.
The credibility of victims of sexual assault is often questioned by some of the professionals who prosecute sexual crime. Often this skepticism is based on the persistence of sexist stereotypes. One of them refers to what is understood to be a "real violation." In the collective imagination, the myth survives that real rape involves the participation of an armed stranger, who attacks a woman violently at night, causing serious injuries to the victims. This article, which is presented as an exploratory case study, examines judicial decisions, issued by the Provincial Court of the Balearic Islands in 2018 and which issue an acquittal to the defendants. The study analyzes four factors, which in other empirical investigations had been identified as predictors of impunity: the link between the victim and the accused, the violence of the attack, the character of the victim before and after the sexual assault, and asymmetries in the burden of proof. The findings corroborate the persistence of gender stereotypes.
To All Who Should Be Concerned
Authors: Robinson Dylan 
Published: March 2021

xexé:yltholetsel te sqwà:ls te'íle tl'ekwelep tél:exwatlha ye s'í:wes shxwélméxwelh. xéyxewetholetsel. ólew híth kw'elsu ó:lmethome. eyeléwthelh. tl'élexw kw'a's qel í:weselep. éy kw's totí:ltset, lheqtó:léstexwtset te syó:ys te í. ewe qelélweselep. xwelítem skwukwelstéleq talhwélep, maytólxwchapcha (xwélmexw, lets'ô:lmexw) tlowáyél, qas te wáy:eles.
This letter describes some of the foundation and basic structural changes that must be implemented by music programs in order to move toward decolonial forms of music education. The letter serves as one starting point for such change among many that must always be led by Indigenous, Black, Latinx, Asian and other scholars / artists of colour (IBPOC) who live and work in the locations where music programs are based. Community-led change is imperative in order to avoid the replication of normative systems of music education that merely include diverse content. The letter asserts that while curricular change and hiring of IBPOC scholars constitute one part of this change, it might also be understood as a form of additive inclusion. Models of additive inclusion proceed by placing diverse content within normative, white supremacist structures of pedagogy that remain unchanged. Additive inclusion consequently maintains the power of those who choose what content to include, rather than giving over space for IBPOC leadership to determine the parameters for change, and to determine how foundational structures of music education should be dismantled and renewed.
Marx, lecteur d’Épicure
Authors: Labelle Gilles 
Published: March 2021

La thèse de doctorat de Marx, Sur la différence de la philosophie naturelle chez Démocrite et Épicure, qu’il présente et défend en 1841 à Iéna, est un de ses écrits les moins commentés. Quand c’est le cas, c’est souvent pour en faire un « moment » de son parcours philosophique, comme si les intuitions initiales du « matérialisme antique » (la triade Démocrite, Épicure et Lucrèce) étaient le lointain point de départ du « matérialisme historique et dialectique », après avoir transité par le « matérialisme bourgeois » du XVIIIe siècle. A contrario de ces lectures, nous tenterons ici ce que Miguel Abensour désigne comme une opération de « libération du texte » de Marx, qui exige, avant tout, de lire sa thèse pour elle-même, c’est-à-dire de l’interroger sans l’inscrire d’emblée dans un parcours dont la connaissance qu’on aurait de son point d’arrivée autoriserait rétrospectivement à en faire une des « étapes » y menant plus ou moins inéluctablement. Ce faisant, il apparaît que Marx, loin de faire d’Épicure un « matérialiste », en fait plutôt un penseur de la « conscience de soi », plus précisément de ce que Marx désigne comme « singularité abstraite », à laquelle il oppose une « singularité concrète ». Une telle opposition, entre abstraction et concrétude, est de nature à permettre de saisir en quoi, comme l’indique Marx dans une lettre à Ferdinand Lassalle de 1857, sa thèse avait pour lui un sens politique plutôt que simplement philosophique au sens étroit du terme.
Bioinformatics analysis identified CDC20 as a potential drug target for cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Sungwan Prin , Lert-itthiporn Worachart , Silsirivanit Atit , Klinhom-on Nathakan , Okada Seiji , Wongkham Sopit , Seubwai Wunchana 
Published: March 2021

Background
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignancy that originates from bile duct cells. The incidence and mortality of CCA are very high especially in Southeast Asian countries. Moreover, most CCA patients have a very poor outcome. Presently, there are still no effective treatment regimens for CCA. The resistance to several standard chemotherapy drugs occurs frequently; thus, searching for a novel effective treatment for CCA is urgently needed.

Methods
In this study, comprehensive bioinformatics analyses for identification of novel target genes for CCA therapy based on three microarray gene expression profiles (GSE26566, GSE32225 and GSE76297) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were performed. Based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs), gene ontology and pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Protein-protein interactions (PPI) and hub gene identifications were analyzed using STRING and Cytoscape software. Then, the expression of candidate genes from bioinformatics analysis was measured in CCA cell lines using real time PCR. Finally, the anti-tumor activity of specific inhibitor against candidate genes were investigated in CCA cell lines cultured under 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional cell culture models.

Results
The three microarray datasets exhibited an intersection consisting of 226 DEGs (124 up-regulated and 102 down-regulated genes) in CCA. DEGs were significantly enriched in cell cycle, hemostasis and metabolism pathways according to Reactome pathway analysis. In addition, 20 potential hub genes in CCA were identified using the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and sub-PPI network analysis. Subsequently, CDC20 was identified as a potential novel targeted drug for CCA based on a drug prioritizing program. In addition, the anti-tumor activity of a potential CDC20 inhibitor, namely dinaciclib, was investigated in CCA cell lines. Dinaciclib demonstrated huge anti-tumor activity better than gemcitabine, the standard chemotherapeutic drug for CCA.

Conclusion
Using integrated bioinformatics analysis, CDC20 was identified as a novel candidate therapeutic target for CCA.
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Response to Delayed Applications of Preemergence Herbicides Applied 3 or 6 Day after Emergence
Authors: Grichar W. James , Rose Jack J. , Dotray Peter A. , Tredaway Joyce A. , Bagavathiannan Muthukumar , Shankle Mark W. , Langham D. Ray 
Published: March 2021

Aims: Field studies were conducted to determine sesame response to the pre-emergence herbicides (acetochlor at 1.7 kg ai ha-1; S-metolachlor at 0.72, 1.43, and 2.86 kg ai ha-1; dimethenamid-P at 0.84 kg ai ha-1; pethoxamid at 0.22 kg ai ha-1; pyroxasulfone at 0.09 kg ai ha-1and bicyclopyrone at 0.12 and 0.24 kg ai ha-1) applied 3 or 6 days after 50% emergence.
Study Design: Randomized complete block design with 3-4 reps depending on location.
Place and Duration of Study: Sesame growing areas of Alabama, Mississippi, and Texas during the 2016 through 2018 growing seasons.
Methodology: Treatments consisted of a factorial arrangement of herbicide treatments at two early POST application timings. A non-treated control was included for comparison. Crop oil concentrate (Agridex®, Helena, Collierville, TN 38017) at 1.0% v/v was added to all herbicide treatments. Plot size was either five rows (76 cm apart) by 9.1 m or four rows (101 cm apart) by 7.3 m depending on location. Only the two middle rows were sprayed and the other rows were untreated and served as buffers. Sesame cultivars were seeded approximately 1.0 to 2.0 cm deep at 9 kg/ha at all locations. Injury was evaluated early-season, 7 to 27 days after herbicide application (DAA), and later, 28 to 147 DAA, based on a scale of 0 (no sesame injury) to 100 (complete sesame death). Injury consisted of stuntingand leaf chlorosis and/or necrosis.
Results: All herbicides tested resulted in significant injury to sesame at some location and application timing. None of the herbicides evaluated are safe to use early POST on sesame without causing significant injury.
Conclusion: The ability of sesame to recover from significant injury and compensate for injury led to no yield loss in many instances. However, levels of injury observed are not acceptable by growers and will not allow the use of these herbicides soon after sesame emergence.
Class Size, Funding and Academic Performance
Authors: Williams James D. 
Published: March 2021

Available data indicate that academic performance among students in the United States has in many cases remained unchanged or has been declining over several decades despite concerted efforts at the state and federal levels in improve performance. With regard to public schools, the decline is commonly attributed to large class size and insufficient funding.
Although numerous studies have examined funding and class size and their influence on student performance, many of these investigations did not consider the available longitudinal data.
Consequently, they fail to provide a clear examination of both funding and class size effects. Close examination of these data from the US Department of Education, however, shows no significant funding or class-size effect. The present study involved data mining the vast store of education research produced at the US Department of Education to examine the role of class size and funding on public education.
Post-marketing Assessment of Esomeprazole and Lansoprazole Enteric Coated Products Available in Saudi Arabia Based on Quality Control
Authors: Alshora Doaa Hasan , Ibrahim Mohamed Abbas , Alomar Ahmed Mohammed , Alsufian Tahani Nasser 
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Esomeprazole (ESM) and Lansoprazole (LNZ) are proton pump inhibitors, used in the treatment of peptic ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Different marketed generic products for both drugs are now available in Saudi market as enteric coated dosage form. Different factors can affect the drug release from enteric coated formulation, and therefore, the final product should be tested.
Methodology: In this study three different ESM generic products (20 and 40 mg) and four LNZ generic products (15 and 30 mg) were assessed and compared to the innovator products based on quality control tests.
Results: For ESM, it was found that the content uniformity results for the innovator product (Nexium®) and all other generic products lies between 85-115% with relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 6%. Also, the calculated Acceptance values (AV) was less than 15% (L1), which met the US Pharmacopeia. The in-vitro dissolution test in acid stage for Nexium® and other ESM generic products was less than 10% which met the requirement. In case of LNZ, 4 different generic enteric coated pellets filled in capsules were studied and compared to its innovator (Lanzor®), the content uniformity results showed that all products met the requirement with AV less than 15%. The in-vitro dissolution studies showed that all products met the requirement and release less than 10% of the drug in the acidic media, except LNZ-P2 containing both 15 and 30 g LNZ, which exhibited release more than 10% in the acids stage.
Conclusion: post-marketing assessments for drug products play an important rule to figure out the non-effective products.
Diffusive and Drift Halide Perovskite Memristive Barristors as Nociceptive and Synaptic Emulators for Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: John Rohit Abraham , Yantara Natalia , Ng Si En , Patdillah Muhammad Iszaki Bin , Kulkarni Mohit Rameshchandra , Jamaludin Nur Fadilah , Basu Joydeep , Ankit  , Mhaisalkar Subodh G. , Basu Arindam , Mathews Nripan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWith the current research impetus on neuromorphic computing hardware, realizing efficient drift and diffusive memristors are considered critical milestones for the implementation of readout layers, selectors, and frameworks in deep learning and reservoir computing networks. Current demonstrations are predominantly limited to oxide insulators with a soft breakdown behavior. While organic ionotronic electrochemical materials offer an attractive alternative, their implementations thus far have been limited to features exploiting ionic drift a.k.a. drift memristor technology. Development of diffusive memristors with organic electrochemical materials is still at an early stage, and modulation of their switching dynamics remains unexplored. Here, halide perovskite (HP) memristive barristors (diodes with variable Schottky barriers) portraying tunable diffusive dynamics and ionic drift are proposed and experimentally demonstrated. An ion permissive poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate interface that promotes diffusive kinetics and an ion source nickel oxide (NiOx) interface that supports drift kinetics are identified to design diffusive and drift memristors, respectively, with methylammonuim lead bromide (CH3NH3PbBr3) as the switching matrix. In line with the recent interest on developing artificial afferent nerves as information channels bridging sensors and artificial neural networks, these HP memristive barristors are fashioned as nociceptive and synaptic emulators for neuromorphic sensory signal computing.
Gender and authorship trends in rhinology, allergy, and skull‐base literature from 2008 to 2018
Authors: Halderman Ashleigh A. , Rao Anupriya , Desai‐Markowski Stuti , Yang Alex , Luong Amber U. , O'Brien Erin , Gray Stacey T. , Lal Devyani , Lin Sandra Y. , Orlandi Richard , Wise Sarah K. 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundA recent analysis suggested potential narrowing of the gender gap in research productivity in the field of rhinology. This analysis did not, however, provide insight into how the genders are represented in the rhinologic literature. This study aimed to evaluate 11 years of literature to evaluate for gender differences in authorship position, collaborations, category and content of research, citations, and funding to gain perspective on how gender and authorship has changed over time.MethodsAuthorship data for all articles on rhinologic subject matter published between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2018 in four otolaryngology journals was collected. The gender of authors was determined by protocol. Category and content of research and funding status/source were additionally obtained.ResultsData were collected from 2666 articles. Gender of 14,510 authors was determined. Female authors accounted for 23% of the overall authors and male authors accounted for 77%. Female first authorship increased significantly over time, but there was no change in female senior authorship. The percentage of female authors steadily increased over time, whereas male authorship decreased slightly. Mixed gender teams were shown to be increasing in frequency. Women published more than expected in basic science and allergy and less than expected in skull base. On funded studies, women were significantly underrepresented as senior authors.ConclusionThis study represents the first assessment of gender differences in the rhinology literature. Areas where female representation can improve include senior authorship, increased involvement in skull base publications, and increased funding.
An Extension of Entanglement Measures for Pure States
Authors: Shi Xian , Chen Lin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo quantify the entanglement is one of the most important topics in quantum entanglement theory. An entanglement measure is built from measures for pure states. Conditions when the entanglement measure is entanglement monotone and convex are presented, as well as the interpretation of smoothed one‐shot entanglement cost. Next, a difference between the measure under the local operation and classical communication and the separability‐preserving operations is presented. Then, the relation between the convex roof extended method and the way here for the entanglement measures built from the geometric entanglement measure for pure states, as well as the concurrence for pure states in two‐qubit systems are considered. It is also shown that the measure is monogamous for system.
Ultrafast and Stable Proton Conduction in Polybenzimidazole Covalent Organic Frameworks via Confinement and Activation
Authors: Li Juan , Wang Jing , Wu Zhenzhen , Tao Shanshan , Jiang Donglin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPolybenzimidazoles are engineering plastics with superb thermal stability and this specificity has sparked a wide‐ranging research to explore proton‐conducting materials. Nevertheless, such materials encounter challenging issues owing to phosphoric acid proton carrier leakage and slow proton transport. We report a strategy for designing porous polybenzimidazole frameworks to address these key fundamental issues. The built‐in channels are designed to be one‐dimensionally extended, unidirectionally aligned, and fully occupied by neat phosphoric acid, while the benzimidazole walls trigger multipoint, multichain, and multitype interactions to spatially confine a phosphoric acid network in pores and facilitate proton conduction via deprotonation. The materials exhibit ultrafast and stable proton conduction for low proton carrier content and activation energy—a set of features highly desired for proton transport. Our results offer a design strategy for the fabrication of porous polybenzimidazoles for use in energy conversion applications.
Antiprotozoische Struktur‐Aktivitäts‐Beziehungen von synthetischen Leucinostatin‐Derivaten und Aufklärung ihres Wirkprinzips
Authors: Brand Michael , Wang Lei , Agnello Stefano , Gazzola Silvia , Gall Flavio M. , Raguž Luka , Kaiser Marcel , Schmidt Remo S. , Ritschl Amélie , Jelk Jennifer , Hemphill Andrew , Mäser Pascal , Bütikofer Peter , Adams Michael , Riedl Rainer 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLeucinostatin A ist eine der potentesten antiprotozoischen Verbindungen, die jemals beschrieben wurden, aber bisher war wenig über die Struktur‐Aktivitäts‐Beziehung (SAR) bekannt. Trypanosoma brucei wurde als Protozoen‐Modellorganismus verwendet, um synthetisch modifizierte Derivate zu testen. Dabei wurden die vereinfachten, aber gleichermaßen aktiven Verbindungen 2 (ZHAWOC6025) und 4 (ZHAWOC6027) identifiziert. Anschließend wurden Modifikationen in allen Teilen des Moleküls durchgeführt, um ein besseres SAR‐Verständnis zu erlangen. Die antiprotozoische SAR stimmte mit der SAR in Phospholipid‐Liposomen überein, wobei die Membranintegrität, das Durchlässigkeitsverhalten und die Dynamik untersucht wurden. Die antiprotozoale Wirkung der natürlichen und synthetischen Leucinostatine liegt in der Destabilisierung der inneren Mitochondrienmembran, wie durch Ultrastrukturanalyse, Elektronenmikroskopie und Mitochondrienfärbung gezeigt wurde. Eine subletale Langzeitexposition von T. brucei (200 Passagen) und ein siRNA‐Screening von 12′000 Mutanten zeigten keine Anzeichen einer Resistenzentwicklung gegenüber den synthetischen Derivaten.