bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Brachytherapy Safety Education on Knowledge, Performance, and Attitude of Radiology Nurses
Authors: Khames Engy A. R. , Ahmed Rasha F. , Abed Elazeem Yasmin F. M. 
Published: May 2021

Context: Brachytherapy is one of the cancer treatment modalities. Like any treatment, it can produce acute and delayed side effects. Unfortunately, patients getting brachytherapy experience many side effects that may affect their all quality of life aspect. So, nurses working in radiotherapy settings must be confident about their knowledge, competence, and technical skills. Therefore, holding continuing education programs for nurses is necessary.
Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of brachytherapy safety education on radiology nurses' knowledge, attitude, and performance.
Methods: Quasi-experimental one group pre-posttest design was utilized to achieve the aim of this study on nurses working on Ayadi El Mostakabal Hospital, Alexandria, Egypt. Four tools were used to collect the necessary data. The self-administered questionnaire was designed to collect the necessary data about the nurses. Radiology Nurses’ Knowledge Assessment Questionnaire to assess nurses' knowledge regarding nursing interventions for patients getting brachytherapy. Nurses’ Performance Observational Checklist to assess the actual nurses’ performance provided to patients getting brachytherapy. Radiology Nurses' Attitude Assessment Scale (RNAAS) measures nurses' professional attitude and the influence of safety training programs on nurses' attitudes.
Results: There was a statistically significant difference between nurses' knowledge, performance, and attitude between the initial assessment, immediate, two weeks later, and three months of educational program implementation at p=0.001. Regarding the relationship between studied nurse's knowledge and their characteristics, there was a relationship found between nurses’ knowledge in the initial assessment and their age, marital status, and nurses’ years of experience at p=0.001, 0.002, and 0.0, respectively. While in the post-program implementation, the only relation was found between the nurses’ knowledge score and years of experience p=0.007, 0.053, and0.011 in immediate, two weeks later, and after three months of program implementation, respectively. There was no relation found between nurses' performance and their characteristics throughout program implementation phases.
Conclusion: The current study findings concluded that radiation safety education for nurses regarding brachytherapy resulted in a statistically significant improvement in nurses' knowledge, performance, and attitude. Periodic and consistent update in-services training of nurses to improve their knowledge and practice enforces nurses to follow the approved guideline. Future studies are recommended to investigate nurses' knowledge and performance of radiation protection in the general ward or specialized departments.
Conflicts and Conflict Management in SAARC: Assessing Challenges and the Way Forward
Authors: Idrees Muhammad , Naazer Manzoor , Ashfaq Shughla 
Published: May 2021

The mechanism created by South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) excludes the discussions on bilateral and contentious issues which is said to be the main hurdle in the SAARC to take off. Despite similarities in the South Asian member countries, e.g. cultural, linguistic, and historical, they have not yet been able to evolve cooperative environment and their relations are characterised by varying conflicts. Keeping with the background nominal progress that has been made by SAARC, it will be wise to review the inter-state conflicts which are halting the ways of the South Asian progress. The present study surveys the nature of interstate conflict among SAARC members and their impact on regional cooperation. It also explores various modes of conflict management and conflict resolution. It offers conflict management and multi-track diplomacy as keys to peace in the South Asian region and progress for SAARC.
Efficacy and safety of levilimab in combination with methotrexate in subjects with rheumatoid arthritis: Results of phase II AURORA study
Authors: Mazurov V. I. , Zotkin E. G. , Gaydukova I. Z. , Ilivanova E. P. , Kropotina T. V. , Plaksina T. V. , Nesmeyanova O. B. , Soroka N. F. , Kunder E. A. , Dokukina E. A. , Linkova Yu. N. , Kravtsova N. A. , Pukhtinskaya P. S. , Eremeeva A. V. , Zinkina-Orikhan A. V. , Lutckii A. A. 
Published: May 2021

Levilimab (LVL) is a monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-6 receptor (IL6R). The article presents data obtained during 56 weeks of the AURORA phase II study.Objective: to evaluate the efficacy safety and immunogenicity of LVL in methotrexate (MTX) resistant patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Materials and methods. 105 patients with active RA were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio into two LVL or placebo groups. LVL was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 162 mg every week (QW) or every other week (Q2W). All patients received MTX. After evaluating the primary endpoint of 20% improvement in ACR criteria (ACR20) at week 12, patients in the placebo group were switched to LVL Q2W. The study duration was 56 weeks. The frequency, profile, degree and severity of adverse events were determined in each group for safety assessment. The immunogenicity of LVL was determined by the proportion of patients with identified binding and neutralizing antidrug antibodies. Results. LVL in both regimens was superior to placebo. At week 12, the incidence of ACR20 achievement was 77.1% (LVL QW), 57.1% (LVL Q2W), and 17.1% (placebo) with 95% confidence intervals [37.53; 82.54] (p<0.0001) and [19.08; 68.42] (p=0.003) for the effect difference between LVL and placebo groups. The clinical response, more pronounced in the LVL QW group, persisted until week 52 with an increase in the proportion of patients with ACR50/70, low activity and RA remission. The most common treatment-related adverse events were laboratory abnormalities (predominantly grade 1–2) such as neutropenia, elevated alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase levels, hypercholesterolemia, and elevated triglyceride levels. Antidrug antibodies were not identified.Conclusion. In MTX-resistant patients with active RA, the efficacy of both LVL regimens at a dose of 162 mg in combination with MTX was significantly superior to MT monotherapy. LVL QW lead to highest treatment response. LVL has been shown to be well tolerated and low immunogenicity. LVL safety profile is similar to IL6R inhibitors.
O filme de temática científica: possibilidades de uma documentação histórica
Authors: Silva Márcia Regina Barros da 
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é discutir as possibilidades de trabalho com o cinema de temática científica, especificamente aquele relacionado com a área da saúde. O cinema como documentação histórica possibilita que as atividades de ciências possam ser discutidas em vários sentidos, principalmente no que diz respeito às particularidades das suas ações de representação do mundo natural. Como produtora de conhecimento as ciências têm a questão da reprodutibilidade de seus dados, para efetivação de sua comunicação com os pares e com o público de forma geral, um tema de grande importância. O cinema pode contribuir muito para o entendimento desses processos, assim como o filme de temática científica pode auxiliar na compreensão deste campo de produção particular no Brasil.
CLEARING AND FORWARDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ON SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE OF FMCG MANUFACTURERS IN KENYA
Authors: Jepherson Muhalia , Ngugi Patrick , Moronge Makori 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of clearing and forwarding management systems on supply chain performance of FMCG manufacturers in Kenya
Methodology: The study adopted descriptive research design. The unit of observation was the operations manager of the 51 FMCG manufacturers located in Nairobi. The sampling frame of the current study consisted of operations managers in the manufacturers of the FMCGs in Nairobi. The study used the census method to select 51 manufacturers of the FMCGs in Nairobi, thus the sample of the study was 51 respondents. Primary data was used in the study. The study used questionnaires to collect data. Mixed methods technique of analyzing data was used where both descriptive and inferential analysis were used. The data collected from the field was analyzed using SPSS 23 program. The questionnaires were referenced and the items in them coded for easier data entry. The presentation of the findings was done using tables.
Results: The study found that inventory management systems positively and significantly influences Supply chain performance of FMCG in Kenya. The study also established that there are challenges faced by use of clearing and forwarding in logistics management systems. There is the challenge of cost forwarding; the most common currency used is US dollar which changes at any particular time and therefore affecting the freight cost. This also affects the price of customer goods and the charges by the bank. Another challenge is with service charges and fees.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that the government to adjust regulations and create a business environment that allows the process of clearing and forwarding to be efficient, straight forward and quick. here is also need for the government to develop systems and software that allows transparency and ease in submission of documents and therefore reduce the clearing time. It is also important for the government to ensure that there are clear regulations by custom department and ensure that the employees in this department are well knowledgeable of their task and are well organized and motivated to conduct their duties.
Dispositivo estructurado de intervenciones psicosociales en atención primaria: serie de casos retrospectiva
Authors: Drimer Cecilia , Terrasa Sergio , Mutchinick Mercedes 
Published: May 2021

Antecedentes: Más allá del pago por cápita, desde 2009 el Plan de Salud del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires reconoció a los médicos de familia el pago por prestación de intervenciones psicosociales de cuarenta minutos de duración realizadas para promover el bienestar y la autonomía de sus pacientes.

Objetivos: Describir los problemas que motivaron estas intervenciones y las redefiniciones diagnósticas que realizaron estos profesionales.

Métodos: Fueron revisadas las fichas estructuradas de registro de 482 intervenciones psicosociales realizadas durante 2011 y codificadas mediante la Clasificación Internacional de la Atención Primaria (CIAP-2).

Resultados: Los motivos de consulta más frecuentes fueron los sentimientos depresivos y/o de ansiedad (33,25%), problemas familiares y/o vinculados a crisis vitales (16%), dolor (9,56%) y cansancio (2,91%). Entre las redefiniciones diagnósticas predominaron las crisis vitales (15,45%), los problemas de la relación conyugal o con hijos (14,61%), y los trastornos depresivos y/o de ansiedad (27%).

Conclusiones: nuestro modelo de trabajo contribuyó a que en una gran proporción de pacientes que había consultado por dolor u otros síntomas generales, detectáramos, abordáramos y documentáramos el proceso de atención de problemas de la esfera psicosocial, que suele ser subregistrado con el abordaje biomédico clásico.
Guía de práctica clínica hospitalaria: Elementos de protección personal y testeo prequirúrgico de pacientes asintomáticos para prevención de la diseminación de SARS-CoV2 en el ámbito quirúrgico en cirugía de urgencia
Authors: Tortosa Fernando , Balaciano Giselle , Carrasco Gabriela , Chaves Silvia Clelia , Montero Guadalupe , Sanguine Veronica Laura 
Published: May 2021

En epidemias de enfermedades altamente infecciosas como el COVID-19, de transmisión a través de gotas expulsadas por la boca de la persona infectada, los trabajadores de la salud tienen un riesgo mayor de infección que la población en general, debido a su contacto con fluidos corporales y aerosoles generados por los pacientes. La existencia de un porcentaje que podría llegar a ser de hasta un 50%, de portadores asintomáticos con capacidad de contagio, preocupa al momento de planificar la atención quirúrgica.
Con el objetivo de desarrollar la presente guía, se realizó una síntesis y valoración crítica de la evidencia disponible sobre el tema, con el fin de responder determinadas preguntas clínicas (utilización de barbijo N95 vs barbijo quirúrgico en cirugía, realización de test diagnóstico para SARS-CoV2 previo a cirugía) utilizando metodología GRADE.
La mascarilla N95 podría ser beneficiosa en el personal que realiza procedimientos que favorecen la aerosolización del virus, tales como traqueostomía y ventilación manual con bolsa de autoinsuflación previo a la intubación, entre otros.
El testeo del paciente, previo a una cirugía, puede ser considerado en escenarios en los que existe disponibilidad de la determinación. Es necesario evaluar la complejidad de la cirugía, evitando que el retraso causado por la realización de la prueba resulte en daño para el paciente.
El conjunto de recomendaciones debe ser implementado teniendo en cuenta el recurso disponible de equipos de protección personal, las características de las intervenciones quirúrgicas (procedimientos que generen aerosoles) y el tipo de circulación viral en la población general (existencia de transmisión comunitaria).
منهج تفسیر الامام علی(ع) للقرآن الکریم و انواعه التفسیریة
Authors: بستانی قاسم , باجی نصره 
Published: May 2021

لم یتم الفهم الکامل لمعارف القرآن إلّا بواسطة تفسیر النبی(ص) و لا یکن فی مقدور أحد أن یفسر القرآن إلّا إن تلقی ذلک التفسیر من رسول الله(ص) و روایات العامة و الخاصة تصرّح بأن الامام علی(ع) تلقی کل التنزیل و التأویل و المعارف القرآن من النبی(ص). لهذا معرفة أسلوب الامام(ع) وریثا ً للعلم النبی، یعلمنا الاستخدام السلیم للقرآن و طرقه القیمة لتفسیره.
هذا المقال یبحث بطریقة المکتبیة طریقة تفسیر الامام علی(ع) انواعه التفسیریة و تستنتج أن الامام(ع) فی بیانه، یفسر القرآن اعتمادا علی قدرة المخاطب و اقتضائاته، بطرق مختلفة، کالراویة و اللغة و التمثیل و... .
من المومل أن یکون هذا المقال خطوة و إن کانت قصیرة، فی طریق ادراک اعظم رجل فی التاریخ الاسلامی أی الامام علی(ع) و التعرّف علیه اکثر و علی دوره الحیوی فی التفسیرو تبیین معانی القرآن و وضع اسس منهجیة للتفسیر بالتأسی بطریقته و أخیراً تعظیمه و تکریمه کما هو یلیق به.
عقوبة الحرق في التاريخ القديم حتى نهاية عصر النبوة / دراسة تاريخية
Authors: Hassan Al-saadi Eman , Dakhil Hussein AL-Drraji Hashim 
Published: May 2021

يسلط البحث الموسوم (عقوبة الحرق في التاريخ القديم حتى نهاية عصر النبوة دراسة تاريخية) الضوء على عقوبة الحرق في التاريخ القديم ودراستها دراسة تأريخية عبر العصور المختلفة ، وعند مختلف الأمم ، ومنهم : العراقيون القدامى ، والمصريون القدامى ، واليونان ، والرومان ، والفرس ، واليهود ، فضلاً عن الحرق عند العرب قبل الإسلام . ومن ثم الانتقال بعد ذلك إلى دراستها في عصر النبوة ، ومناقشة الروايات التي وردت في هذا الجانب ، للوقوف على مدى صحتها من عدمها.
Tình trạng dung nạp mảnh ghép và kết quả liền xương sau phẫu thuật vá sàn hốc mắt bằng xương đồng loại đông khô
Authors: Phương Nguyễn Thị , Anh Nguyễn Duy , Văn Phạm Trọng 
Published: May 2021

Vỡ sàn hốc mắt hay gặp nhất trong gãy xương hốc mắt, gây những triệu chứng đặc thù, ảnh hưởng đến thẩm mỹ và chức năng thị giác. Phẫu thuật là cách điều trị duy nhất và cần thiết phải sử dụng vật liệu ghép nhằm khôi phục tác dụng nâng đỡ tổ chức hốc mắt. Xương tự thân được xem là vật liệu phù hợp nhất nhưng việc lấy mảnh ghép gặp không ít khó khăn. Nhiều loại vật liệu thay thế đã được sử dụng nhưng chưa có vật liệu nào tối ưu về tương hợp sinh học và khả năng kích thích liền xương như xương tự thân. Nghiên cứu này thực hiện trên 21 bệnh nhân tuổi từ 20 đến 62, vỡ sàn hốc mắt từ độ II đến độ IV theo phân loại của Jonathan Dutton, được phẫu thuật đặt mảnh ghép xương đồng loại đông khô, theo dõi tình trạng liền vết mổ, phản ứng viêm sưng hốc mắt sau mổ 1 tuần, 2 tuần, 1 tháng, 3 tháng, 6 tháng và chụp CT scan ở lần tái khám sau mổ 6 tháng để đánh giá cal xương. Kết quả cho thấy không có trường hợp nào có biến chứng loại thải mảnh ghép, 95,2 % số ca dung nạp mảnh ghép tốt, 4,8 % có phản ứng viêm sưng hốc mắt kéo dài trên 1 tháng, đáp ứng tốt với điều trị nội khoa. CT scan sau 6 tháng có 90,5 % xương tạo cal tốt, mảnh ghép hòa lẫn với giường mảnh ghép, 9,5 % tạo cal xương nhưng vẫn còn phân biệt được ranh giới giữa mảnh ghép và tổ chức xương xung quanh, không có sự khác biệt giữa độ dày trung bình mảnh xương ghép và độ dày cal xương sau 6 tháng, không trường hợp nào có hiện tượng tiêu mảnh ghép. Tóm lại, kết quả bước đầu cho thấy xương đồng loại đông khô là loại vật liệu ghép giúp liền xương tốt và an toàn trong phẫu thuật vá sàn hốc mắt.
Fecha, contextualización y explicación de la “carta echadiza” atribuida a Lope de VegaDate, Contextualization, and Explanation of the “carta echadiza” Attributed to Lope de Vega
Authors: Elvira Muriel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article offers an explanation of various details of the so-called “carta echadiza” attributed to Lope, and arguments are provided for dating it to November 1616, by putting it in relation with the comedia El Capellán de la Virgen, which was performed before the king in October 1616, during the Toledo festivities for the “transfer of Our Lady to her new chapel.” The comedy contains a series of taunts against Góngora, which are analyzed for the first time and whose clarification allows us to understand correctly Lope de Vega’s position in the carta echadiza.
Vidas persuasivas: Pellicer biografía a GóngoraPersuasive Lives: Pellicer Composes a Biography of Góngora
Authors: Pérez Pedro Ruiz 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Between 1628 and 1629 three biographies of Góngora are composed in close relationship. From their paratextual condition, they intervene in the controversy of those years about the “nueva poesía.” In the process, the version signed by Pellicer occupies a central place with the particularities derived from the commentator’s attitude and particular intentions. This article analyzes how the vita maior tried to intervene in the “polémica gongorina” and also Pellicer’s literary wars.
Geology, Geologists, and Mineral Exploration
Authors: Ohle Ernest L. , Bates Robert L. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Most exploration begins with a geologic concept or model which is tested by some method of sampling. Commonly geophysics and/or geochemistry is used to narrow the target. Orebodies are becoming increasingly difficult to find; those currently sought are likely to be concealed, and more and more permissive targets are being drilled.
In the past 25 years, knowledge of the genesis of rocks and ore has made great strides and is documented in a vast literature. The sharing of information through field conferences, review articles, and other vehicles has become commonplace. Among the significant new aspects of mineral exploration are the vigorous entry of the oil and gas companies and increasing participation by women.
There is little difference in the exploration for nonmetallic and metallic ores; however, the former is influenced more by specifications and market location. In actual practice, exploration geologists are quick to make use of any new technique or fact, whether empirical or otherwise, in their efforts to satisfy the burgeoning demand for mineral raw materials.
Electrical Methods in Mining Geophysics
Authors: Hohmann Gerald W. , Ward Stanley H. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Electrical methods of geophysics are fundamental in mineral exploration because they can directly detect and delineate conductive sulfide minerals. Electromagnetic methods are used in exploring for massive sulfides because of their high conductivity. The introduction of induced polarization in the 1950s represented a major advance in mining geophysics by making possible the direct detection of disseminated sulfides.
Both induced polarization and electromagnetic methods have benefited from research directed at achieving greater resolution and greater depth of exploration. The major advances in induced polarizations have been: digital instrumentation for greater accuracy, techniques for eliminating or reducing electromagnetic coupling effects, and numerical modeling techniques for improved interpretation. In electromagnetics numerical and physical-scaled modeling has led to the recognition of the importance of current channeling and to improved interpretation aids. Broadband, multicoil measurements provide better conductor discrimination in both ground and airborne applications. Time domain electromagnetics is assuming greater importance because of its simplicity of interpretation and capabilities for deep exploration.
Physical Factors that Could Restrict Mineral Supply
Authors: DeYoung John H. , Singer Donald A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Stages in the metal supply process are affected by each of the following physical (geologic) factors: (1) geographic distribution of concentrations of potential ore minerals, (2) depth of these concentrations, (3) mineralogy, (4) grain size of the minerals, and (5) grade and (6) tonnages of the concentrations. For mineral deposits of each type in each geologic and political environment, the lowest cost metal will tend to be produced first because: (1) the largest deposits tend to be found first, (2) the few largest deposits should reap the benefits of economies of scale and will tend to account for the lion’s share of total metal, (3) higher grade deposits that require substantially less energy per ton of metal than do lower grade deposits will be mined first, and (4) deposits that have the mineralogy and grain sizes that are relatively cheap to process will be produced first. Shallow deposits that are relatively cheap to find and mine and deposits near existing infrastructure will also be produced first. Because stages in the supply process are sequential, problems at any stage caused by the physical factors are reflected in subsequent stages and adversely affect production costs. In the long term, effects of such problems will be not physical shortages of metals but a rapid or persistent increase in real prices of metals.
Estimation of the number of clusters on d-dimensional sphere
Authors: Fujita Kazuhisa 
Published: May 2021

Spherical data is distributed on the sphere. The data appears in various fields such as meteorology, biology, and natural language processing. However, a method for analysis of spherical data does not develop enough yet. One of the important issues is an estimation of the number of clusters in spherical data. To address the issue, I propose a new method called the Spherical X-means (SX-means) that can estimate the number of clusters on d-dimensional sphere. The SX-means is the model-based method assuming that the data is generated from a mixture of von Mises-Fisher distributions. The present paper explains the proposed method and shows its performance of estimation of the number of clusters.
FORCED OSCILLATIONS OF NONLINEAR HYPERBOLIC EQUATIONS WITH FUNCTIONAL ARGUMENTS
Authors: LI WEI-NIAN , CUI BAO-TONG 
Published: May 2021

In this paper, sufficient conditions for the forced oscillations of hyperbolic equations with functional arguments of the form
\[\frac{\partial^2}{\partial t^2}=a(t)\Delta u(x, t)+\sum_{i=1}^m a_i(t)\Delta u(x, \rho(t))-\sum_{j=1}^k q_j(x, t)f_j(u(x, \sigma_j(t)))+f(x, t) \]

$(x, t)\in\Omega\times[0, \infty)$ are obtained, where $\Omega$ is a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with piecewise smooth boundary $\partial\Omega$ and $\Delta$ is the Laplacian in Euclidean $n$-space $\mathbb{R}^n$.