bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local increase in compressive strain (GaN) in gate recessed AlGaN/GaN MISHFET structures induced by an amorphous AlN dielectric layer
Authors: Mikulics M , Kordoš P , Gregušová D , Gaži Š , Novák J , Sofer Z , Mayer J , Hardtdegen H 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We fabricated and characterized metal insulator semiconductor (MIS) structures by applying amorphous AlN thin layers as a dielectric in gate recessed AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field effect transistors (HFETs). Micro photoluminescence measurements performed on MISHFET devices reveal a local non-uniform distribution of strain in the source—gate recess—drain region. Furthermore, a reduction of compressive stress up to 0.3 GPa in GaN after gate recessing was experimentally determined. The local stress increases by ∼0.1 GPa and ∼0.2 GPa after the deposition of 4 and 6 nm thin AlN layers in the gate recessed structures, respectively. Additionally, an increase in sheet charge density in the devices under investigation from ∼

3.8
×

10

12

c

m

−
2

to ∼

6.2
×

10

12

c

m

−
2

was evaluated by capacitance–voltage measurements. Therefore, strain engineering by applying amorphous AlN layers in gate recessed MISHFETs can significantly improve their device characteristics.
High-performance ECRH at W7-X: experience and perspectives
Authors: Laqua H.P. , Baldzuhn J. , Braune H. , Bozhenkov S. , Brunner K. , Hirsch M. , Hoefel U. , Knauer J. , Langenberg A. , Marsen S. , Moseev D. , Pasch E. , Rahbarnia K. , Stange T. , Wolf R.C. , Pablant N. , Grulke O. , the W7-X Team  
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The second operation phase of W7-X (OP1.2) showed the potential of exclusively electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH)-sustained plasma operations in stellarators. Employing multi-pass ECRH scenario in the second harmonic O-mode (O2-ECRH), stationary densities of up to 1.4 × 1020 m−3 could be achieved. This scenario also made stationary divertor detachment possible, which is a reactor-relevant scenario for power and particle exhaust. At high densities and with sufficiently high density gradients for an improved ion confinement, the coupling between the electrons and ions was strong enough to bring the ion temperature to values above 3 keV and to the neoclassical limit for some magnetic configurations, thus enabling to test the W7-X neoclassical optimization. The planned enhancement of the ECRH performance will enable to advance towards reactor-relevant beta values and to investigate their stability and confinement of fast particles, which is a priority goal of W7-X.
Comparison between seismic performance of G+5 building with and without Fluid Viscous Dampers
Authors: Tamang Pranita , Prasad Sharma Guru 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Earthquake causes numerous loss of lives and damage to property. On 18 September 2011, Sikkim also experienced a major earthquake of magnitude 6.9 resulting in large-scale destruction. Therefore, as an attempt to prevent such scenarios, there are various techniques available to manage this problem one of which is by using dampers on building structures. The main objective of this study is to compare the seismic performance of G+5 building with and without dampers. The modelling and analysis in this study are done using “ETABs” software for G+5 story building as the maximum no. of floors allowed in Sikkim is six. The proposed model showed a drastic reduction in the displacement of the building using FVDs.
Challenges faced by Construction Organizations during Covid-19 Era
Authors: Nair Gayathri , Suresh M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The construction industries have been severely affected by the global pandemic Covid 19. The purpose of this paper is to identify and categorize the challenging factors faced by construction organizations during Covid 19 era and to explore the interrelationship among the factors using Total Interpretive Structural Modelling (TISM) approach. The results of the study depict shortage of labour, cautious buyers, material delay, uncertainty of demands and underutilization of renewable resources are independent factors that that are a major challenge for construction organizations. Furthermore, this is the first attempt to understand the challenging factors in construction organizations using the theory building approach like TISM.
Synergic effect of cathodic protection and mineral admixture on the corrosion resistance of reinforcements in concrete
Authors: Iyer Murthy Yogesh , Gandhi Sumit 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe use of agricultural wastes rich in pozzolanic materials such as Fe2O3, SiO2 and Al2O3 is an active area of research in concrete technology. This improves the mechanical and durability properties along with sustainability. One such waste is the Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) generated by sugar mills and usually dumped in open space. The main purpose of the study is to investigate synergic effect of cathodic protection and using SCBA blended cement concrete on the corrosion resistance of embedded reinforcement and compare it with control concrete. The approach involved construction of eight slabs (1 m X 0.1 m X 0.1 m) and monitoring the half cell potential (HCP) for 270 days. In order to simulate the marine atmosphere, two slabs were constructed with 3.5% NaCl by weight of cement and two others were reference slabs. The pure Magnesium anodes 22 mm diameter and 250 mm long were used. The experimental results indicated that the corrosion of embedded reinforcement in slab containing SCBA was more as compared to slab containing both SCBA and anode.
Numerical Analysis on Different Void Former On ANSYS
Authors: Jain Nikita , Hussain Asif 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The use of construction materials has risen as culture and technology have grown. Concrete is the most often used of all the essential construction materials. To meet structural specifications, traditional architecture approaches include participants with large sizes. These massive structural elements including columns, slabs, beams, footings, partitions, and so on These massive structural structures have an effect on the volume of concrete used in building around the world. This, in particular, warns us to limit our use of concrete as a building medium because concrete not only adds to the dead load of a house but also produces carbon dioxide as a byproduct, making it detrimental to our climate. This research uses a bi-axial voided slab with various void formers, such as cylindrical, spherical, rectangular, trapezium, and square, spaced at 10mm centre to centre. It removes the concrete from the centre of the slab, resulting in a self-weight reduction of around 6% to 10%. A two bi-axial voided slab functions similarly to a standard slab. The final results met the requirements for strength and serviceability.
Evaluation of User experience for Physical infrastructure in Relocation Project Under BSUP Scheme in Lucknow City
Authors: Prasad Raunak 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction of various schemes and programmes, over past two decades highlights the thrust of government for provision of affordable housing in India. These schemes were introduced to cater the housing demand and improve basic services, provide tenure security, upgrade existing infrastructure, and create new housing units with a vision of creating a ‘Slum Free India’. It was initiated by introducing the Indra Awas Yojana in 1990 which was applicable to rural India, later by introduction of Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) in the year 2005, the focus shifted to urban areas.
JNNURM was carried out under two sub-heads Basic Service to Urban Poor (BSUP) and Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) for provision of 1.5 million houses for urban poor in 63 selected cities during 2005-2012. Lucknow city, selected as one of the mission cities was benefitted under the programme through the execution of 7 projects in 23 different areas, providing 5570 housing units along with basic services. The projects include three types of development-in-situ, relocation, and in-situ redevelopment. The paper investigates the status of physical infrastructure – water supply, sanitation, solid waste management and electricity along with the satisfaction level of beneficiaries in relocation projects. The study is carried out using an observation tool and structured interview questionnaire with beneficiaries. The findings of the paper highlight the issues related to maintenance and operation of these services and focuses on need for inclusive development in these projects.
LIME CALCINED CLAY CEMENT (LC3): A Review
Authors: Sahith Reddy S. , Achyutha Kumar Reddy M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Discovery of alternative to the pozzolanic materials generated from industrial wastes was needed because of its unavailability when the industries was shutdown permanently. Consumption of pozzolanic materials in concrete will be a safer solution for this problem. Numerous studies were presented for utilization of fly ash, Ground Granular Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), Metakaolin and silica fume as a pozzolanic material in concrete. LC3 is a type of cement by mixing of limestone, calcined clay and gypsum, a few literatures were available on LC3. This paper presents the overview of research work presented on physical, chemical, performance in cement mortars like consistency, setting times & compressive strength, properties of fresh & hardened concrete like workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexure strength made LC3.
Assessment of Characterization Procedures for the Implementation of Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1
Authors: Mathur Rajshree , Kumari Sharma Meena 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this paper, comparison were made among the characterization processes, designed for influent characterization in Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1 (ADM1) to choose one of the best available. The two procedures chosen are elemental analysis and conversion of Activated sludge Model (ASM) output to ADM1 input variables (ASM2ADM interface) given by John B. Copp, 2003. The Matlab code for elemental analysis was developed to facilitate computation and a c-file of the ASM2ADM interface was provided by the department of Industrial Electrical Engineering and Automation, Lund University Sweden. Both of these methods have been used in the collection of wastewater data from various locations and the demand for chemical oxygen (COD) after separation compared to experimental results. In almost all cases total fractionated COD from ASM2ADM interface was approximately equal to experimental COD. While as fractionation by elemental analysis shows variation from experimental value. Linear curve fitting was done between experimental COD and fractionated COD to check their equivalency. The elemental analysis method has lower value of coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.5468) than ASM2ADM interface (R2 = 0.9453). Based on the model requirements, it was concluded that ASM2ADM interface is the best option for influent characterization. Apart from obtaining good correlation with experimental COD, it provides all input variables for implementation of ADM1. While elemental analysis provide fewer fractionation and hence assumption of other input variables is must leading to deviation from actual model features. Features of both methods are also discussed in the paper.
Physical and Geotechnical Perspectives of Gypsum on Lime Stabilized Expansive Soil: A Critical Appraisal
Authors: Shivanshi  , Kumar Jha Arvind , Akhtar Md. Parwez 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The gypsum is the source of sulphate commonly found in the soils throughout the world. The expansive soils are considered as problematic soils as they exhibit uncertain swelling and shrinkage in presence of moisture. The expansive soils are treated with different stabilizers to suppress the swelling behaviour. Lime is most effective stabilizer used to stabilize the expansive soil. Researchers reported that expansive soil when treated with lime encounters the gypsum it regenerates the swelling. This regenerated expansion of lime treated soil in presence of sulphate may have alarming signs for sulphate bearing soils. The presence of sulphate alters the mineralogical behaviour of expansive clay. The stabilization additive used f or such soils needs more attention. A comprehensive approach towards proper understanding of the effects of gypsum on lime stabilized soil is required in order to understand the future threats of expansive soils. In this paper, an attempt has been made to present a comprehensive review on the effects of (Gypsum) calcium sulphate dihydrate on the physical properties of untreated and lime treated expansive soil have.
Experimental studies on durability properties of Sustainable and Eco-friendly materials of GGBS and Fly ash in reinforced cement concrete
Authors: Venkata Sekhar Babu Velpuri , Bramha Chari Kanneganti Jyothishya , Vinod Y 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper represents the use of supplementary cementitious material (SCM) with the blend of Portland cement in producing the corrosion resistive concrete. Fly ash and GGBS are partially replaced in three different ratios by the weight of cement. Compressive strength, chloride penetration, corrosion, sorptivity of (FA-GGBS) were determined. The test revealed the confrontation by chloride ions through the infiltration of concrete improves substantially by replacement coal by-product Fly ash, GGBS, and improvement increase with increases in the replacement level. The corrosion resistance of SCM-Proportional Mixes was better than the Control mix concrete. Besides, test results indicated that reduction of permeability of chlorides ion as a reduction in porosity in the concrete, that associates with increases in the compressive strength. It significantly affects the durability of the Supplementary Cementitious Materials. On the same proportional mixes, we have gone with microstructural analysis of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and (EDX), X-Ray Diffraction and non-Destructive tests are following method. The work is suggested that the higher replacement of cement with SCM shows more satisfactory results in the durability properties of proportional grades of SCM.
Finite Element Analysis of Fatigue and Fracture Behavior in Idealized Airplane Wing Model with Embedded Crack Under Wind Load
Authors: Pandey Harsha , Fernandes Dazan , Khandelwal Arpit , Mishra Dhaneshwar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aircraft wings undergo forces like thrust, drag as well as transient loads due to gust. Even though these loads overall help in the stability of an aircraft but over time it can cause growth of defects such as micro cracks or voids due to fatigue. We would like to investigate the fatigue, fracture failure due to wind load during its long operating life of the airplane. Therefore, we have modeled the airplane wing as cantilever beam and applied fluctuating wind load. The airplane wing with embedded crack was modeled in commercial finite element analysis tool, ANSYS. The drag and lift forces acting as pressure on the adjacent faces of the wing with a transient wind load has been simulated to determine the loads on an aero foil working under similar conditions through CFD analysis. The load estimated through the CFD analysis was applied on the wing model to obtain the stress intensity factor and energy release rate. Analysis for fatigue failure was also carried out to predict life of the idealized model under considered loading. The results obtained through this work can be helpful in understanding the fatigue behavior in the transient loading condition such as wind in airplane wing.
Wise Green Travel: A Local Wisdom Characterized Travel Experience
Authors: Zhang Yan , Sun Minghao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The increasing concern on environmental issues has led to the emergence of a new style of travel. In line with this, the study proposes a new kind of travel: wise green travel. This concept of “wise green travel” transcends the general existing notion of reducing environmental pollution. It extends to the wise use of local resources and encouraged interaction/participation in local activities. This paper analyzes the travel distribution in different periods by comparing the thermodynamic diagram which has characteristics of describing the population distribution, population density and the changing trend in real time. Furthermore, the study explores methods that have introduced and announced by famous organizations on how to achieve wise green travel, and a framework illustrating the wise green travel route especially when it is incorporated with local resources. Thus, aside environmental protection, wise green travel also helps local enterprises and the government build a green system for improving self-development and exploration journey of local tourism resources with wisdom.
Creation and validation of a polysocial score for mortality among community-dwelling older adults in the USA: the health and retirement study
Authors: Ping Yongjing , Oddén Michelle C , Stawski Robert S , Abdel Magid Hoda S , Wu Chenkai 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
the interrelatedness between social determinants of health impedes researchers to identify important social factors for health investment. A new approach is needed to quantify the aggregate effect of social factors and develop person- centred social interventions.

Methods
participants ([n = 7,383], 54.5% female) were aged 65 years or above who complete an additional psychosocial questionnaire in the health and retirement study in 2006 or 2008. Social determinants of health encompassed five social domains: economic stability, neighbourhood and physical environment, education, community and social context, and healthcare system. We used the forward stepwise logistic regression to derive a polysocial score model for 5-year mortality. Indices of goodness-of-fit, discrimination and reclassification were used to assess model performance. We used logistic regression to identify the association between polysocial score and mortality. Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine sex- and race-specific association.

Results
polysocial score was created using 14 social determinants of health. In the training cohort, the C-statistic was 0.71 for the reference model (only age, sex and race/ethnicity) and increased to 0.75 for the continuous and categorical polysocial score. Compared with the reference model, the integrated discrimination index for adding the continuous or categorical polysocial score was both 0.03 (P values &lt; 0.001). Participants with an intermediate (odds ratio [OR] = 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51–0.82) or high (OR = 0.48; 95% CI, 0.38–0.60) polysocial score had lower odds of death than those in the low category in the fully adjusted model, respectively.

Conclusions
the polysocial approach may offer possible solutions to monitor social environments and suggestions for older people to improve their social status for specific health outcomes.
Relationship between Fried’s frailty phenotype and oral frailty in long-term care residents
Authors: Hiltunen Kaija , Saarela Riitta K T , Kautiainen Hannu , Roitto Hanna-Maria , Pitkälä Kaisu H , Mäntylä Päivi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
oral frailty (OFr) may be called a syndrome lacking a consensus on its definition.

Objective
the aim was to prove the relationship between OFr to the phenotype of frailty, general health and nutrition in long-term care.

Design
the FINnish ORAL Health Study in Long-Term Care study is a cross-sectional clinical research comprising findings on oral and general health and nutrition.

Setting
participants were divided into groups according to the number of OFr signs: Group 1 (0–1 sign), Group 2 (2–4 signs) and Group 3 (5–6 signs).

Subjects
the study includes data on 349 older residents of long-term care facilities in Helsinki, Finland.

Methods
frailty status was defined according to Fried’s frailty phenotype. OFr was evaluated with six signs: dry mouth, diet of pureed or soft food, residue of food on oral surfaces, unclear speech, inability to keep mouth open during the clinical oral examination and pain expression during the examination.

Results
a significant linear relationship across the OFr groups with Fried’s frailty phenotype was found (P for linearity = 0.008, adjusted by gender and age). A linear trend existed between OFr groups and general health; prevalence of dementia and malnutrition increased from Group 1 to Group 3. The need for help with eating and oral hygiene procedures increased from Group 1 to Group 3. Moreover, OFr had a linear relationship with chewing and swallowing difficulties.

Conclusions
OFr is related to Fried’s frailty phenotype, general health, nutrition and need for help with daily activities.
Presenilin 1 Gene Mutation (M139V) in a German Family with Early-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Fuentes Manuel , Schipke Carola G , Freiesleben Silka Dawn , Klostermann Arne , Peters Oliver 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
This study describes a 44-year-old German male with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease as a result of a M139V presenilin 1 mutation. The patient has at least seven affected family members, spanning at least four generations.

Method
We performed a complete demographic, genetic, neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric, neuroradiological, and neuropathological characterizations of this patient. The findings were compared with previous reports of patients with the same mutation. Demographic, neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric, neuroradiological, and neuropathological data from several affected members of the patient’s family were also addressed.

Results
We describe similarities shared with other cases, including age at onset, rapid disease progression, severe deficits in arithmetic and visuo-constructive abilities with relative preservation of naming skills, and the presence of predominant frontal behavioral symptoms. Differences with respect to previously described cases, including the absence of positive neurological or radiological findings, psychotic symptoms, or a depressive disorder, are also identified and discussed.

Conclusions
Heterogeneity in symptoms between affected patients from the same or from different families suggests that individual, genetic, or epigenetic factors most likely modulate the phenotype of patients carrying the M139V mutation.
Domestic Violence and Whole Family Interventions: Charting Change in the Lives of Service Users
Authors: Spratt Trevor , Swords Lorraine , Hanlon Holly 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this article we report the results of the introduction of measures to ascertain the impact of therapeutic services for families where domestic violence has taken place. The setting is a specialist service for families located in Dublin, Ireland. The overall goal of the intervention was the ending of violence. To help achieve this, therapies sought to reduce conflict, promote better parental mental health and improve the quality of relationships between parents and children. Using validated instruments, measures were taken at Time 1 (entering service) from seventy-one mothers and forty fathers. At the time of data analysis for this article thirty-seven mothers and twenty-four fathers had completed the Time 2 (leaving service) surveys. Results indicate significant reduction in conflict between participating partners, and improvements in parental mental health and quality of parent–child relationships. These results add support to the view that whilst intervention goals must include the cessation of domestic violence, this can only be achieved with due attention to the complexity of the causes. The use of validated instruments is helpful in seeking to establish outcomes measures that may supplement more traditional measures of efficacy of interventions within specialist services.