bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Racism Cannot Be Explained – It Must Be Defeated
Authors: Pityana Barney 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFollowing the call by the Uppsala assembly of the World Council of Churches (WCC) in 1968 for an ecumenical campaign against racism, the WCC set up the Programme to Combat Racism (PCR) the following year with its Special Fund to provide grants to those oppressed by racism and the organizations that represented them. The grants to liberation movements fighting racism in Africa provoked controversy particularly among WCC member churches in Western Europe and North America. This article is a personal reflection on the experiences and achievements of the PCR, concluding with a reflection on the continuing challenge of racism today.
Philip Potter and the Momentum of the Ecumenical Movement
Authors: Raiser Konrad 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGeneral secretary of the World Council of Churches (WCC) from 1972 to 1984, a time of global religious and socio‐political change, Philip Potter (1921–2015) was a pivotal figure in the ecumenical movement, a prophetic voice urging the churches to see themselves as part of God’s oikoumene. Born in Dominica and rooted in the Caribbean, he was spokesperson for youth at the first two WCC assemblies, in Amsterdam (1948) and Evanston (1954); a staff member for the WCC youth department from 1954 to 1960; and director of the WCC’s Commission on World Mission and Evangelism from 1967 to 1972. This article is an edited translation of the keynote address given at a symposium in Hamburg, Germany, to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Philip Potter’s birth on 19 August 1921.
Delayed effects of climate on vital rates lead to demographic divergence in Amazonian forest fragments
Authors: Scott Eric R. , Uriarte María , Bruna Emilio M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDeforestation often results in landscapes where remaining forest habitat is highly fragmented, with remnants of different sizes embedded in an often highly contrasting matrix. Local extinction of species from individual fragments is common, but the demographic mechanisms underlying these extinctions are poorly understood. It is often hypothesized that altered environmental conditions in fragments drive declines in reproduction, recruitment, or survivorship. The Amazon basin, in addition to experiencing continuing fragmentation, is experiencing climate change‐related increases in the frequency and intensity of droughts and unusually wet periods. Whether plant populations in tropical forest fragments are particularly susceptible to extremes in precipitation remains unclear. Most studies of plants in fragments are relatively short (1–6 years), focus on a single life‐history stage, and often do not compare to populations in continuous forest. Even fewer studies consider delayed effects of climate on demographic vital rates despite the importance of delayed effects in studies that consider them. Using a decade of demographic and climate data from an experimentally fragmented landscape in the Central Amazon, we assess the effects of climate on populations of an understory herb (Heliconia acuminata, Heliconiaceae). We used distributed lag nonlinear models to understand the delayed effects of climate (measured as standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index, SPEI) on survival, growth, and flowering. We detected delayed effects of climate up to 36 months. Extremes in SPEI in the previous year reduced survival, drought in the wet season 8–11 months prior to the February census increased growth, and drought two dry seasons prior increased flowering probability. Effects of extremes in precipitation on survival and growth were more pronounced in forest fragments compared to continuous forest. The complex delayed effects of climate and habitat fragmentation in our study point to the importance of long‐term demography experiments in understanding the effects of anthropogenic change on plant populations.
Enhancement of sugarcane production by counteracting the adverse effects of climate change in Sindh Province, Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Bilal , Yunxian Yan , Ur Rahman Zia , Gultaj Humaira , Naseem Siddiqui Badar , Ali Muhammad , Nasar Jamal 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn Pakistan sugarcane is an important cash crop, a source of income and employment for the farming community. The environmental degradation results in the increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events has significant consequences for sugarcane production in the world, especially in the developing countries like Pakistan, because of relatively low adaptive capacity, high vulnerability to natural hazards, and weak forecasting systems and mitigating strategies. This paper is an attempt to analyze the impact of environmental change on sugarcane production in the Sindh province of Pakistan. Qualitative and quantitative data approach were adopted for the analysis and the data are collected through exploratory design, case study, and survey design. The sample consists of sugarcane growers, that is, landowner farmers, ex‐farmers, and employed farmers. The results based on multiple regression model indicate that only three factors (rainfall, soil conditions, and irrigation) have a significant effect on the production of sugarcane. Some suggestions and implications are mentioned based on empirical findings.
An input–output analysis of transportation equipment manufacturing industrial transfer: Evidence from Beijing‐Tianjin‐Hebei region, China
Authors: Li Chenxi , Wu Kening 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAlthough the industrial transfer path is of great significance to the distribution of the industrial relocators and receivers in the process of industrial transfer, how to measure the input–output relationship between industries is still unclear. Based on an adjusted input–output table, this paper attempts to measure the input–output relationship for transport equipment manufacturing industry in the Beijing‐Tianjin‐Hebei region. The interregional input–output model was used to realize the calculation of the single department transfer amount. Moreover, combining with the calculation results, the transfer path of the transportation equipment manufacturing was characterized. The results showed that the phenomenon of transfer over space in the transportation equipment manufacturing industry was distinct. The industrial transfer has shifted from the coastal areas to central and western regions. Sixteen provinces, mainly including Inner Mongolia, Henan, Shanxi, etc., had a net outflow of the transportation equipment manufacturing industry. The rest is net inflow provinces. Transportation equipment manufacturing industrial transfer is moving into Beijing and Tianjin. This paper will provide a reference for reasonable and orderly acceptance of industrial transfer from a quantitative perspective.
Clinicopathological and histopathological review of dedifferentiated liposarcoma: a comprehensive study of 123 primary tumours
Authors: Mori Taro , Yamada Yuichi , Kinoshita Izumi , Kohashi Kenichi , Yamamoto Hidetaka , Ito Yoshihiro , Susuki Yosuke , Kawaguchi Kengo , Nakashima Yasuharu , Oda Yoshinao 
Published: October 2021

AimsDedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLS) has varying histopathological features, but their significance for the biological behaviour of this disease has not been fully clarified. The aim of this study was to elucidate the prognostic factors for DDLS by clinicopathologically reviewing a large case series.Methods and resultsWe clinicopathologically reviewed 123 cases of primary de‐novo DDLS without preoperative treatment, including 81 in the internal trunk (internal DDLS) and 42 in peripheral sites (peripheral DDLS). Univariate and multivariate analyses of their features were also performed for all cases, the internal DDLS group, and the peripheral DDLS group. The results showed that, in all three groups, distant metastasis was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (OS) (univariate analysis, P < 0.0001, P = 0.0011, and P = 0.0101, respectively), whereas local recurrence showed no significant effect on prognosis. Histopathologically, a high mitotic count and the presence of round tumour cells were significantly associated with shorter OS in multivariate analysis of the internal DDLS group [respectively: P = 0.0022, hazard ratio (HR) 4.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.71–11.28; and P = 0.0014, HR 7.19, 95% CI 2.14–24.16]. In the peripheral DDLS group, necrosis and high‐grade histological components were significantly associated with shorter OS (univariate analysis, P = 0.0068 and P = 0.0174, respectively).ConclusionsThe presence of round tumour cells may be one of the histological factors associated with a worse prognosis of DDLS patients, as previous studies indicated. This study also suggests that distant metastasis may be predictive of prognosis for both internal and peripheral DDLS, rather than local recurrence.
Stress ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill adult patients with sepsis at risk of gastrointestinal bleeding: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Huang Minqiang , Han Ming , Song Zhi , Kuang Lei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines recommend stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) for patients with sepsis who have gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding risks; however, the effect of SUP has not been specially studied in these patients.AimsTo determine the effects of SUP versus no prophylaxis on patient‐important outcomes in critically ill adult patients with sepsis who have risk factors for GI bleeding.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study utilised data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database. We compared those who received SUP with proton‐pump inhibitors or histamine‐2 receptor antagonists for ≥3 days with those who received no prophylaxis. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to make comparisons between groups with similar distributions of study variables. The primary outcome was inhospital mortality.ResultsA total of 7744 patients were included in the analysis, with 1088 (14.0%) in the non‐SUP group and 6656 (86.0%) in the SUP group. A 1:1 PSM created 866 patients in each cohort. No significant differences were noted between the two groups with regard to inhospital mortality (22.3% vs 20.4%; P = 0.379), GI bleeding (4.7% vs 6.4%; P = 0.172), pneumonia (38.9% vs 36.6%; P = 0.346), Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) (6.4% vs 8.9%; P = 0.0.057) or intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS) (4.2 days vs 4.6 days; P = 0.394).ConclusionsAmong critically ill, septic, adult patients at risk for GI bleeding, SUP showed no effect on hospital mortality, the rate of GI bleeding, pneumonia, CDI and ICU LOS.
Detection and prevention of abuse of adults with intellectual and other developmental disabilities in care services: A systematic review
Authors: Collins Josephine , Murphy Glynis H. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe abuse of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities in care services seems to be relatively common, although there are anecdotal suggestions that abuse may be predictable and preventable.MethodEvidence related to how abuse is detected and prevented within services was reviewed. Database and ancestry searches were conducted, and the methodological quality of studies assessed using the mixed methods appraisal tool.ResultsA total of 48 articles were reviewed. The characteristics of victims, perpetrators and organisations were summarised. Several recommendations for how abuse can be detected and prevented were made, including better staff training, supervision and monitoring of services. The quality of studies limits the reliability and validity of research findings.ConclusionRisk and protective factors related to the abuse of adults with intellectual and other developmental disabilities remain largely consistent. Further research is required to support the implementation of recommendations aimed to detect and prevent abuse.
Algorithm for diagnosing hypertension using out‐of‐office blood pressure measurements
Authors: Kim Je Sang , Rhee Moo‐Yong , Kim Chee Hae , Kim Yoo Ri , Do Ungjeong , Kim Ji‐Hyun , Kim Young Kwon , Lee Hyun Jung , Park Jee Yeon , Namgung June , Lee Sung Yun , Cho Deok‐Kyu , Choi Tae‐Young , Kim Seok Yeon 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe authors developed and validated a diagnostic algorithm using the optimal upper and lower cut‐off values of office and home BP at which ambulatory BP measurements need to be applied. Patients presenting with high BP (≥140/90 mm Hg) at the outpatient clinic were referred to measure office, home, and ambulatory BP. Office and home BP were divided into hypertension, intermediate (requiring diagnosis using ambulatory BP), and normotension zones. The upper and lower BP cut‐off levels of intermediate zone were determined corresponding to a level of 95% specificity and 95% sensitivity for detecting daytime ambulatory hypertension by using the receiver operator characteristic curve. A diagnostic algorithm using three methods, OBP‐ABP: office BP measurement and subsequent ambulatory BP measurements if office BP is intermediate zone; OBP‐HBP‐ABP: office BP, subsequent home BP measurement if office BP is within intermediate zone and subsequent ambulatory BP measurement if home BP is within intermediate zone; and HBP‐ABP: home BP measurement and subsequent ambulatory BP measurements if home BP is within intermediate zone, were developed and validated. In the development population (n = 256), the developed algorithm yielded better diagnostic accuracies than 75.8% (95%CI 70.1–80.9) for office BP alone and 76.2% (95%CI 70.5–81.3) for home BP alone as follows: 96.5% (95%CI: 93.4–98.4) for OBP‐ABP, 93.4% (95%CI: 89.6–96.1) for OBP‐HBP‐ABP, and 94.9% (95%CI: 91.5–97.3%) for HBP‐ABP. In the validation population (n = 399), the developed algorithm showed similarly improved diagnostic accuracy. The developed algorithm applying ambulatory BP measurement to the intermediate zone of office and home BP improves the diagnostic accuracy for hypertension.
circ‐ZNF609: A potent circRNA in human cancers
Authors: Qian Yiguan , Li Yang , Li Rongfei , Yang Tianli , Jia Ruipeng , Ge Yu‐Zheng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel group of endogenous RNAs with a circular structure. Growing evidence indicates that circRNAs are involved in a variety of human diseases including malignancies. CircRNA ZNF609 (circ‐ZNF609), derived from the ZNF609 gene sequence, has been demonstrated to be involved in the development and progression of many diseases. circ‐ZNF609 is thought to be a viable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for several diseases and might be a new therapeutic target, but further research is needed to accelerate clinical application. Here, we review the biogenesis and function of circRNAs and the functional roles and molecular mechanism related to circ‐ZNF609 in neoplasms and other diseases.
Down‐regulated LINC00115 inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion via targeting miR‐212‐5p/FZD5/Wnt/β‐catenin axis
Authors: Peng Naixiong , Zhang Zejian , Wang Yaomin , Yang Minlong , Fan Jiqing , Wang Qinjun , Deng Ling , Chen Dong , Cai Yuefeng , Li Qihui , Wang Xisheng , Li Wei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractProstate cancer is the second most frequent malignancy in men worldwide, and its incidence is increasing. Therefore, it is urgently required to clarify the underlying mechanisms of prostate cancer. Although the long non‐coding RNA LINC00115 was identified as an oncogene in several cancers, the expression and function of LINC00115 in prostate cancer have not been explored. Our results showed that LINC00115 was significantly up‐regulated in prostate cancer tissues, which was significantly associated with a poor prognosis for prostate cancer patients. Functional studies showed that knockdown LINC00115 inhibited cell proliferation and invasion. In addition, LINC00115 served as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) through sponging miR‐212‐5p to release Frizzled Family Receptor 5 (FZD5) expression. The expression of miR‐212‐5p was noticeably low in tumour tissues, and FZD5 expression level was down‐regulated with the knockdown of LINC00115. Knockdown LINC00115 inhibited the Wnt/β‑catenin signalling pathway by inhibiting the expression of FZD5. Rescue experiments further showed that LINC00115 inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion via targeting miR‐212‐5p/ FZD5/ Wnt/β‐catenin axis. The present study provided clues that LINC00115 may be a promising novel therapeutic target for prostate cancer patients.
Identification of MYH6 as the potential gene for human ischaemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Chen Jian‐Hong , Wang Lei‐Li , Tao Lin , Qi Bin , Wang Yong , Guo Yu‐Jie , Miao Liu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe present study aimed to explore the potential hub genes and pathways of ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and to investigate the possible associated mechanisms. Two microarray data sets (GSE5406 and GSE57338) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The limma package was used to analyse the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, Disease Ontology (DO) and Gene Ontology (GO) annotation analyses were performed. A protein‐protein interaction (PPI) network was set up using Cytoscape software. Significant modules and hub genes were identified by the Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) app. Then, further functional validation of hub genes in other microarrays and survival analysis were performed to judge the prognosis. A total of 1065 genes were matched, with an adjusted p < 0.05, and 17 were upregulated and 25 were downregulated with|log2 (fold change)|≥1.2. After removing the lengthy entries, GO identified 12 items, and 8 pathways were enriched at adjusted p < 0.05 (false discovery rate, FDR set at <0.05). Three modules with a score >8 after MCODE analysis and MYH6 were ultimately identified. When validated in GSE23561, MYH6 expression was lower in patients with CAD than in healthy controls (p < 0.05). GSE60993 data suggested that MYH6 expression was also lower in AMI patients (p < 0.05). In the GSE59867 data set, MYH6 expression was lower in CAD patients than in AMI patients and lower in heart failure (HF) patients than in non‐HF patients. However, there was no difference at different periods within half a year, and HF was increased when MYH6 expression was low (p < 0.05–0.01). We performed an integrated analysis and validation and found that MYH6 expression was closely related to ICM and HF. However, whether this marker can be used as a predictor in blood samples needs further experimental verification.
Space use by the endemic common (weedy) seadragon (Phyllopteryx taeniolatus): influence of habitat and prey
Authors: Allan Sam J. , O'Connell Max J. , Harasti David , Klanten O. Selma , Booth David J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe weedy seadragon (Phyllopteryx taeniolatus: Syngnathidae) is an iconic fish endemic to the southern coastal waters of Australia. The authors of this study analysed the habitat preferences and factors influencing microhabitat selection by P. taeniolatus in a population from Kurnell, NSW, Australia. Using field surveys and the resource selection probability function, the authors determined that P. taeniolatus significantly preferred kelp (Ecklonia radiata)–dominated habitat and avoided rock‐dominated habitat. They showed P. taeniolatus preferred habitat of between 40% and 80% coverage of Ecklonia, while avoiding areas of <20% cover. Furthermore, across all habitats, mysid prey availability significantly influenced P. taeniolatus habitat selection. The strong dependence of P. taeniolatus on Ecklonia habitat shown in this study was previously untested and highlights that reductions in Ecklonia cover under climate change, or impacts from increasing urbanisation, may render seadragon populations vulnerable to declines.
Solar photovoltaic (PV)‐driven active crop drying system for plantain (MUSA SPP): Design, development, and performance evaluation
Authors: Anyanwu Cosmas Ngozichukwu , Onyia Chiemelu , Uchendu Adobi Jane , Aneke Nneoma Nkem , Ohagwu Jude Chukwuemeka , Ojike Onyekwere , Kumar Anil , Kalu‐Uka Abraham , Ukadike Okechukwu Ogadinma 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA solar photovoltaic (PV)‐driven active crop drying system comprising a solar air heater, a three‐tray drying chamber and a data logger was designed and fabricated. Drying system is equipped with three DC fans of 18 W each, powered by 150 W mono‐crystalline, solar PV module, and 180 Ah deep cycle battery storage. Purpose‐built data logger constructed with a 60‐pin Arduino‐mega microcontroller and equipped with a digital dual‐display screen was used to acquire real‐time data on relative humidity and temperature at vital points in the drying system. Performance evaluation of the dryer was carried out while studying the drying characteristics of plantain chips at three thicknesses of 0.7, 1.0, and 1.5 cm. Drying characteristics were presented in graphs of moisture content (MCdb) versus time, moisture ratio (MR) versus time, and drying rate (DR) versus time for the different trays. Final moisture contents of the plantain chips were 10, 14, and 21% for the 0.7, 1.0, and 1.5 cm, respectively, in the three trays. The higher figures for the 1.0 and 1.5 cm levels of thickness are attributable to case hardening. Results showed that drying proceeded mainly in the falling rate period. Graphs of MR and DR showed that the drying process was more effective as the chips became thinner. Evaluation of 10 thin‐layer drying models carried out using the acquired data showed that the Wang and Singh model was the best suited for describing the drying characteristics of plantain.Practical applicationsThe results of the present work will be very useful to food processing companies producing Plantain chips for local consumption and export. A good knowledge of the best suited thin‐layer drying model will help to predict the MR (and hence MC) as a function of drying time. In this way, energy might be saved and product quality guaranteed. In addition to quality assurance applications, the effect of layer thickness on drying characteristic would be very useful in prescribing the optimal thickness of the chips being processed.