bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STABILITY AND VIBRATIONS OF THE ELECTRONIC CLOSED SYSTEM STABILIZING THE COURSE OF A CAR WITH A TANK
Authors: Aleksandrov Yevgen , Aleksandrova Tetyana , Grigoriev Alexander , Morhun Yaroslav 
Published: September 2021

To describe the disturbed movement of a car with a tank, a discrete mathematical model has been compiled, which allows one to take into account the oscillations of the free surface of the liquid and determine their effect on the directional stability of the car during uniform movement and during emergency braking. Linearization is carried out and an equation is obtained for the natural frequencies of oscillations of the electrohydromechanical system, which combines dynamic changes in the parameters of the movement of a car with a tank, partial layers of liquid in a tank and the operation of an electromagnetic drive of the control valve and an electronic PID controller for a two-circuit scheme to ensure directional stability. It is shown that low-frequency oscillations of the free surface of liquid lead to a significant reduction in the stability region, which indicates the need to take such oscillations into account when solving problems of analysis and synthesis of this system. It has been established that for a car with a tank, where low-frequency transverse oscillations of the liquid occur, which are accompanied by redistribution of mass and disturb the movement, an increase in the speed unambiguously leads to a deterioration in road-holding ability. This made it possible to exclude the speed from the variable parameters and significantly simplify the task. It was found that the liquid level in the tank, taking into account its connection with the maximum speed, has an ambiguous effect on the road-holding ability of the vehicle, and it is unacceptable to limit the research to calculations for 50 % of the load. Instead of this traditional simplification, it is necessary to find a line that bends from above those stability boundaries that correspond to many liquid levels from the entire range of their variation. It is shown that the dynamics of emergency braking weakly depends on the viscosity of the liquid in the tank, but with long-term continuous operation of the brake control system, self-oscillations appear in it. A method for tuning the parameters of an electronic regulator for low-amplitude self-oscillations is proposed.
CURRENT DIRECTIONS OF MODERNIZATION AND COMPUTERIZATION OF THE COURSE HIGHER MATHEMATICS IN THE LEADING TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES OF UKRAINE
Authors: Grigoriev Alexander 
Published: September 2021

From the standpoint of professional criticism, interested in obtaining the best result, the current state of the educational course in higher mathematics at the technical universities of Ukraine is analyzed. A discrepancy between the classical (analytical) methods for solving problems presented in it and the computer (numerical or numerical-analytical) methods that are used in the current practice of engineering calculations is noted. To eliminate this problem, it is proposed to introduce into the training course, along with lectures and practical classes, the third component of training - the cycles of laboratory practicums in higher mathematics using personal computers. Laboratory practicums are designed to demonstrate to junior students studying higher mathematics the ability to solve real problems from applications to technology and physics using its methods. In addition, in the form of laboratory practicums, individual sections of the engineering course of higher mathematics are studied, which, due to lack of time and other, often subjective, reasons, have recently been taken out for optional learning (differential geometry of a plane and spatial curve, surfaces of the second and higher orders, practical harmonic analysis, multi criteria optimization, and a number of others). To ensure this modernization, it is proposed to divide the general course of higher mathematics into two streams (vector analysis and scalar analysis) and to increase the number of classroom lessons to 32 – 36 hours per week, that is, to the level of the world's leading technical universities. In addition, the mathematics course is coordinated with the computer science course, where, in a priority order, first-year students are taught to work in the MathCAD interactive computer environment. And in order for the reform to take place without attracting additional funds for salaries, it is proposed to increase the teaching load of teachers of higher mathematics and computer science by 30 % (which is compensated by a decrease in the load on scientific work and other activities).
A Variant of Dorsally Displaced Epiphyseal Dislocation of the Middle Phalanx
Authors: Ghanghurde Bipin Arun , Prabhoo Tanay , Umrekar Sachin Sambhaji 
Published: September 2021

Case:
Closed injury of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ), where the dorsally displaced epiphysis is lying on the dorsum of PIPJ, is sometimes called a jockeyed epiphyseal fracture (radiographs give an impression jockey sitting on a horse). We describe its variation in a 7-year-old boy who had a dorsally displaced epiphyseal fracture of the middle phalanx accompanied by fracture of the proximal phalanx. He was treated with open reduction and relocation of the epiphysis. For the first 3 months of follow-up, the patient obtained reasonable movement of PIPJ which gradual deteriorated over 1 year.

Conclusion:
This unusual injury with its sequelae (avascular necrosis of the proximal phalanx condyle) is reported in this article.
Cutaneous Mucormycosis After Elective Outpatient Gastrocnemius Recession for Plantar Fasciitis in an Immunocompetent Host
Authors: Whiteside William 
Published: September 2021

Case:
A healthy 21-year-old man underwent an elective gastrocnemius recession for plantar fasciitis. At 10 days postoperatively, he developed a severe limb-threatening cutaneous mucormycotic infection that led to multiple debridements and eventual skin grafting.

Conclusion:
Cutaneous mucormycosis is a rare but severe fungal infection. Early recognition, deep surgical biopsy for diagnosis, and aggressive treatment with frequent thorough surgical debridements and antifungal pharmacotherapy are necessary. Although mucormycosis is more frequently seen in the immunocompromised host, it can occur in the immunocompetent patient most commonly after trauma. If not aggressively treated, it can be limb and life threatening.
Early Experience with Femoral and Tibial Bone-Anchored Osseointegration Prostheses
Authors: Reif Taylor J. , Khabyeh-Hasbani Nathan , Jaime Kayla M. , Sheridan Gerard A. , Otterburn David M. , Rozbruch S. Robert 
Published: September 2021

Background:
The use of bone-anchored osseointegration implants for amputation reconstruction continues to expand throughout the world. Benefits are thought to include the elimination of socket-related problems and improved control and proprioception of the prosthetic limb. Reported outcomes have been positive, but skepticism remains with regard to the risk of infection and implant failure. Further results from early adopters are therefore needed prior to widespread acceptance and regulatory approval.

Methods:
A retrospective review of the first 31 consecutive patients who underwent implantation of a press-fit osseointegration implant of the femur or tibia with follow-up of at least 6 months was performed. The primary outcome was the patient-reported Questionnaire for persons with a Transfemoral Amputation (Q-TFA) measured preoperatively and 6 to 12 months postoperatively. Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) and Limb Deformity-Scoliosis Research Society (LD-SRS) scores, 2-minute and 6-minute walk tests, and complications were also recorded.

Results:
In this study, 18 femoral reconstructions and 13 tibial reconstructions were performed, with a mean follow-up (and standard deviation) of 21.1 ± 9.2 months. Twenty-eight reconstructions were single-stage implantations. All Q-TFA domains improved significantly (p < 0.001) from preoperatively to postoperatively, including the global score (25.0 ± 17.4 to 81.2 ± 17.6 points), prosthetic use (50.2 ± 39.9 to 91.2 ± 18.7 points), prosthetic mobility (49.7 ± 26.9 to 81.4 ± 21.5 points), and prosthetic problems (46.4 ± 17.5 to 9.1 ± 6.6 points). The overall and functional outcome domains of the PROMIS and LD-SRS and the 2-minute walk test (243 ± 107 to 369 ± 151 ft [74 ± 33 to 112 ± 46 m]; p = 0.022) and 6-minute walk test (609 ± 323 to 1,054 ± 555 ft [186 ± 98 to 321 ± 169 m]; p = 0.016) also improved significantly. Serious adverse events included 2 periprosthetic hip fractures, 1 explantation for septic loosening, and 1 explantation for aseptic loosening, with an overall implant retention of 93%. The most common complication was low-grade, soft-tissue infection requiring oral antibiotics.

Conclusions:
Similar to the early experience of other international centers, osseointegration implants improved the overall and functional experience of patients compared with socket prosthetics. Complications were present but manageable and were not a deterrent to ongoing support of the technology.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Spin-1/2 one- and two- particle systems in physical space without eigen-algebra or tensor product
Authors: Andoni Sokol 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A novel representation of spin 1/2 combines in a single geometric object the roles of the standard Pauli spin vector operator and spin state. Under the spin-position decoupling approximation it consists of three orthonormal vectors comprising a gauge phase. In the one-particle case the representation: (1) is Hermitian; (2) shows handedness; (3) reproduces all standard expectation values, including the total one-particle spin modulus 𝑆tot = (ℏ/2)√3; (4) constrains basis opposite spins to have same handedness; (5) allows to formalize irreversibility in spin measurement. In the two-particle case: (1) entangled pairs have precisely related gauge phases; (2) the dimensionality of the spin space doubles due to variation of handedness; (3) the four maximally entangled states are naturally defined by the four improper rotations in 3D: reflections onto the three orthogonal frame planes (triplets) and inversion (singlet). Cross-product terms in the expression for the squared total spin of two particles relate to experiment and they yield all standard expectation values after measurement. Here spin is directly defined and transformed in 3D orientation space, without use of eigen algebra and tensor product as done in the standard formulation. The formalism allows working with whole geometric objects instead of only components, thereby helping keep a clear geometric picture of ‘on paper’ (controlled gauge phase) and ‘on lab’ (uncontrolled gauge phase) spin transformations.
Relationship Between Decision Conflict and Decision Regret Among Postoperative Breast Cancer Patients in China: the Regulating Role of Decision-making Preparation
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhang Qingyue , Pang Jianmei , Shi Liyuan , Wang Xiaoyuan , Yan Di , Yin Jian , Qiang Wanmin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective: Different surgical methods have different risks and benefits.Chinese breast cancer(BC) patients’ decision-making of surgical treatment becomes a critical research question. Patients are often offered several options before surgery, and decision preparation plays an important role in the decision process. However some patients regret the original decision afterward. To understand the current situation, this study explore mainly explores the status of decision regret among postoperative breast cancer patients,and tests the relationship between decision conflicts, decision-making preparation, and decision regret. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out. Totally 320 postoperative BC patients were studied using a self-made general data scale, Decision Regret Scale, Decision Conflict Scale, and Preparation for Decision Making Scale. Basic descriptive analyses, Pearson’s correlation analyses and regression analyses were performed. Results: The average score of decision regret among BC patients after surgery was 34.28. Decision regret was positively associated with decision conflict (r=0.853, p<0.01), and negatively associated decision preparation (r=-0.404, p<0.01). Decision-making preparation plays a regulatory role for the emergence of decision conflicts and regrets. The correlation between decision conflicts and decision regret increases with the increase in decision-making preparation. Conclusion: The adverse effects of decision conflicts on decision regret gradually increase with the increase in decision-making preparation. Results indicate that reducing decision preparation can be expected to improve the level of decision regret among Chinese postoperative BC patients.Thus, Clinical staffs should encourage patients to take an active part in decision-making, provide specialized information support, and improve the level of decision regret among Chinese BC patients after surgery.
Interacting Fire, Logging and Climate Change has Sprung a Landscape Trap in Victoria’s Montane Ash Forests
Authors: Lindenmayer David , Bowd Elle , Taylor Chris , Likens Gene E. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Ecosystems are influenced by multiple drivers which shape ecosystem state and biodiversity. In some ecosystems, interactions and feedbacks between drivers can produce traps that confine an ecosystem to a particular state or condition and influence processes like succession. A range of traps have been recognized, with one of these – “a landscape trap” first proposed a decade ago for the tall, wet Mountain Ash and Alpine Ash forests of Victoria, south-eastern Australia. Under such a trap, young flammable forest is at high risk of reburning at high-severity, thereby precluding stand maturation, and potentially leading to ecosystem collapse. These young forests are more common because recurrent wildfire and widespread clearcutting have transformed historical patterns of forest cover from widespread old-growth with small patches of regrowth embedded within it, to the reverse. Indeed, approximately 99% of the montane ash ecosystem is now relatively young forest. Based on new empirical insights, we argue that at least three key inter-related pre-conditions underpin the development of a landscape trap in montane ash forests. A landscape trap has been sprung in these forests because the pre-conditions for its development have been met: We show how inter-relationships between these pre-conditions, leading to frequent high-severity fire, interacts with life history attributes (e.g. time to viable seed production) to make montane ash forests (e.g. which have been highly disturbed through logging and frequent fire) vulnerable to ecosystem collapse. We conclude with the ecological and resource management implications of this landscape trap and discuss how the problems created might be rectified.
The Relationship Between Sarcopenia Detected In Newly Diagnosed Colorectal Cancer Patients And FGF21, Irisin And CRP Levels.
Authors: Oflazoglu Utku , Caglar Sevinc , Yılmaz Huriye Erbak , Önal Hülya Tas , Varol Umut , Salman Tarik , Yildiz Yasar , Unal Sinan , Guc Zeynep Gulsum , Kucukzeybek Yuksel , Alacacioglu Ahmet , Tarhan Mustafa Oktay 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aim: Sarcopenia is a progressive and generalized syndrome that can be linked to many causes such as cancers, and is caused by a quantitative and qualitative disorder (loss of muscle strength and / or physical performance) of skeletal muscle mass. Although sarcopenia has some hypothetical explanation in clinical practice, the mechanisms underlying this condition have not been clearly differentiated in patients with cancer. We aimed to investigate the relationship between irisin and FGF21 in detecting sarcopenia in colorectal cancer patients.Material and Method: Current prospectively study included non-metastatic newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients. Patients were divided into two groups of 25 people, those with and without sarcopenia. Body composition measurements by examined by BIA. To measure the level of iris and FGF21 from patients, blood samples were taken into the biochemistry tube and their levels were measured. Results: The median age of the patients included in the study was 60 years (range: 21-81), 68 % were men. It was found that there was a significant relationship between sarcopenia and gender and BMI measurement. When Spearman correlation analysis was performed between skeletal muscle mass index and FGF21, irisin and CRP, there was a positive correlation between skeletal muscle mass index and irisin and FGF21, while there was a negative correlation between skeletal muscle mass index and CRP. [respectively: (r: 0.282, p: 0.048), (r: 0.564, p: <0.001) and (r: -0.360, p: 0.010). Similar results were found between hand grip strength and FGF21, irisin and CRP. [respectively: (r: 0.342, p: 0.015), (r: 0.290, p: 0.041) and (r: -0.476, p <0.001)]. When sarcopenia was treated as the dependent variable in the logistic regression analysis, and FGF21, irisin, CRP, gender and BMI were treated as the independent variables, irisin and CRP levels were determined as independent predictors. Conclusion: This study was revealed that there is a negative relationship between sarcopenia and irisin and FGF-21 in operated non-metastatic colorectal cancer patients and there may be a relationship between sarcopenia and inflammation. It suggest that these biomarkers may play a role in the pathophysiology of sarcopenia. However, our results need to be validated in different types of cancer and with more patients.
Thermodynamic Analysis of Chemical Looping Combustion Based Power Plants for Gaseous and Solid Fuels
Authors: Seepana Sivaji , Chakraborty Aritra , Kaliyaperumal Kannan , Saminathan Guruchandran Pocha 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The chemical looping combustion (CLC) process is a promising technology for capturing CO2 at the source due to its inherent separation of flue gas from nitrogen. In this regard, the present study is focused on the development of various Rankine cycle based CLC power plant layouts for gaseous and solid fuels. To evaluate the performance of these CLC based cycles, a detailed thermodynamic analysis has been carried out with natural gas (NG)& synthesis gas as gaseous fuels and lignite as solid fuel. For lignite based power production, in-site gasification CLC (iG-CLC) for syngas generation and CLC based combustion process employed. The Energy analysis showed that NG based power plant has a net efficiency of 40.44% with CO2 capture and compression which is the highest among all cases while the same for syngas based power plant is 38.06%. The difference in net efficiency between NG and syngas power plants is attributed to the variation in CO2 compression cost. For lignite based iG-CLC power plant layout, the net efficiency of 39.64% is observed which is higher than syngas fuelledCLC power plant. This shows the potential of CLC technology for power generation applications with or without CO2 capture.
Appraisal of CO2 Emission in Tunisia's Industrial Sector: A Dynamic Vector Autoregression Method
Authors: Talbi Besma , Ramzan Muhammad , Iqbal Hafiz Arslan , Doğan Buhari 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The World is confronted with a slew of environmental issues, one of which is how to attenuate the detrimental impacts of CO2 emissions-induced climate change. The ever-increasing use of energy is eroding natural resources to the point that our economic future may be jeopardized. The Tunisian economic growth indicates the excellent performance in the industrial sector as the minimum required input for these developments necessitates additional energy consumption, resulting in increased CO2 emissions and environmental degradation. This study explores the role of energy efficiency, urbanization, economic growth, and natural gas energy usage in the industrial sector on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of Tunisia. The research mainly employs the Vector Autoregressive Model (VAR) to examine the factors driving the evolution of CO2 emissions through the industrial sector from 2000 to 2018. The findings assess that natural gas as an energy source and efficiency are crucial for reducing CO2 emissions. The study has shown the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), which demonstrates that economic development in Tunisia has an inverted U-shape connection with CO2 emissions. The results indicate that energy consumption and GDP significantly affect CO2 emissions due to large-scale population movements and industrial structure transformation. In contrast, energy efficiency plays a dominant role in decreasing CO2 emissions. The article will assist economic decision-makers and related authorities in formulating an appropriate energy policy for the industrial sector based on the study's outcomes to protect environmental degradation in the long run by reducing carbon emissions.
Haze pollution and urbanization promotion in China: How to understand their spatial interaction?
Authors: Yang Huachao , Wu He , Liang Wei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Can promoting urbanization and controlling haze pollution result in a win-win situation? Based on panel data from 287 prefecture-level cities in China, this paper uses the 3SLS and GS3SLS estimator methods to study the spatial interaction between haze pollution and urbanization. The results show the following: (1) There is a spatial interaction between haze pollution and urbanization. On the whole, haze pollution and urbanization have a typical inverted U-shaped relationship. (2) Haze and urbanization show different relationships in different regions. The haze pollution in the area left of the Hu Line has a linear relationship with urbanization. (3) In addition to haze, urbanization also has a spatial spillover effect. When the haze pollution in the surrounding areas increases, the haze pollution in the area will also increase, but the level of urbanization will increase. When the level of urbanization in the surrounding areas increases, it will promote the level of urbanization in the local area and alleviate the haze pollution in the local area. (4) Tertiary industry, greening, FDI and precipitation can help alleviate haze pollution. FDI and the level of urbanization have a U-shaped relationship. Industry, transportation, population density, economic level and market scale can promote regional urbanization.
Morphology and Ecological Characteristics of Paracyclops Novenarius Reid, 1987: A Cyclopoid Copepod Inhabiting a Highly Contaminated Aquifer in Central-North of Mexico
Authors: Uc-Castillo José Luis , Cervantes-Martínez Adrián , Gutiérrez-Aguirre Martha Angélica 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This work reports the freshwater copepod Paracyclops novenarius, in a water body with high arsenic concentrations. Morphologic analysis, abundances, body size of the copepod and physical and chemical variables of the water (including arsenic concentrations) were evaluated in two different climatic seasons (rainy and dry). Morphological analysis showed that the high arsenic concentrations do not affect the morphology of P. novenarius, including all its development and adult instars. The highest abundances of this species were found in the dry season for all development stages, with values ​​of 1.51 and 1.50, 4.46, 0.21 ind/L-1, for nauplii, copepodites, females, and males, respectively. However, these values are lower than other aquatic systems of the region and the world, without polluting agents. The highest arsenic concentration was found in the dry season (58 mg/L-1) and the lowest during the rainy (54.5 mg/L-1). The body size of the analyzed organisms was larger in rainy compared to dry, with an average of 637.2 ± 42 µm for females and 650 ± 37 µm for males. A Mann-Whitney U test showed significant differences in lengths by season and by arsenic concentration (U = 1284.5, U = 1284.5; p < 0.05). The results of this study could provide information for environmental impact assessments on aquatic systems.