bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting Bupropion Anti-inflammatory Action: Involvement of the TLR2/TLR4&nbsp;and JAK2/STAT3&nbsp;
Authors: Karimollah Alireza , Hemmatpur Anahid , Vahid Taha 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
There are accumulating reports regarding poor response to the common antidepressant therapy. Antidepressant resistance has often been associated with activation of the inflammatory system. Accordingly, major depressive disorder (MDD) patients displaying inflammation prior to the treatment are less responsive to antidepressants. We hypothesized that the inefficacy of antidepressant therapy in some patients could be due to the drugs’ inflammatory mode of action that remained overshadowed by their substantial therapeutic value. Bupropion is a common-used antidepressant that is prescribed for seasonal affective disorders and smoking cessation as well. Nevertheless, there are some reports regarding inflammation induction and depressive behavior exacerbation in response to bupropion. Here, we put a spot on bupropion and investigate the alterations of innate and adaptive immunity cytokines and the influence on immune signaling pathways. Therefore, we treated LPS-stimulated human peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with different doses of bupropion. Pro-/ anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-ɑ, IL-1ß, IL-17, and IL-10) on both transcriptional and translational levels are assessed as well as the involvement of the JAK2 /STAT3, TLR2, and TLR4 signaling in this process. Bupropion decreased IL-17A, TNF-ɑ, and IL-1ß protein levels in the cultures. Nonetheless, the results regarding the target genes expression were controversial. Surprisingly, TNF-ɑ and IL-17A genes expression increased following bupropion treatment. TLR2, TLR4, JAK2, and STAT3 gene expression also rose in response to bupropion. Our findings suggest that bupropion possesses pro-inflammatory properties especially at concentrations of 50 and 100 and would rather be co-administrated with anti-inflammatory agents at least in patients with inflammatory conditions.
Reduced B12 Uptake and Increased Gastrointestinal Formate Drive Archaeome-Mediated Breath Methane Emission in Humans
Authors: Kumpitsch Christina , Fischmeister Florian , Mahnert Alexander , Lackner Sonja , Wilding Marilena , Sturm Corina , Springer Anna , Madl Tobias , Holasek Sandra , Hoegenauer Christoph , Berg Ivan , Schoepf Veronika , Moissl-Eichinger Christine 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Methane is an end product of microbial fermentation in the human gastrointestinal tract. This gas is solely produced by an archaeal subpopulation of the human microbiome. Increased methane production has been associated with abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, IBD, CRC or other conditions. Twenty percent of the (healthy) Western populations innately exhale substantially higher amounts (>5 ppm) of this gas. The underlying principle for differential methane emission and its effect on human health was still not sufficiently understood. Results We assessed the breath methane content, gastrointestinal microbiome, metagenome, metabolome, and eating behavior of one-hundred healthy young adults (female: n = 52, male: n = 48; mean age =24.1). On the basis of the amount of methane emitted, participants were grouped into high methane emitters (CH4 breath content 5-75 ppm) and low emitters (CH4 < 5 ppm). The microbiomes of high methane emitters were characterized by a 1000-fold increase in Methanobrevibacter smithii. This archaeon co-occurred with a bacterial community specialized on dietary fibre degradation, which included members of Ruminococcaceae and Christensenellaceae. As confirmed by metagenomics and metabolomics, the biology of high methane producers was further characterized by increased formate and acetate levels in the gut. These metabolites were strongly correlated with dietary habits, such as vitamin, fat and fibre intake, host genetics, and microbiome function, altogether driving archaeal methanogenesis. Conclusions This study enlightens the complex, multi-level interplay of host diet, genetics and microbiome composition/function leading to two fundamentally different gastrointestinal phenotypes and identifies novel points of therapeutic action in methane-associated disorders.
Evidence of New Intragenic HBB Haplotypes Model for the Prediction of Beta-Thalassemia in the Malaysian Population
Authors: Aziz Nur-Aisyah , Taib Wan-Rohani Wan , Kharolazaman Nur-Khairunnisa , Ismail Imilia , Al-Jamal Hamid Ali Nagi , Jamil Wan-Arfah Nadiah Wan Abdul , Esa Ezalia , Ibrahim Hishamshah 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study sought to determine the potential role of HBB haplotypes for the prediction of beta-thalassemia in the Malaysian population. A total of 543 archived samples were reviewed and selected for this study. Five tagging SNPs in the beta-globin gene (HBB; NG_000007.3) were recorded and analysed for SNP-based and haplotype association using SHEsis online software. Single-SNP-based association analysis showed three tagging SNPs have statistical significant association with beta-thalassemia; IVS2-16G>C (p=0.036), IVS2-666C>T (p=0.032) and 3’UTR +314G>A (p=0.004). However, two tagging SNPs assigned as IVS2-74T>G and 3’UTR +233G>C did not yield significant association with p-value 0.099 and 0.211, respectively. In a further investigation, combined five tagging SNPs for haplotype association analysis revealed three susceptible haplotypes with significant p-values of which, assigned as haplotypes 1-2-2-1-1 (p=6.49x10-7, OR=10.371 [3.345~32.148]), 1-2-1-1-1 (p= 0.009, OR=1.423 [1.095~1.850] and 1-1-1-1-1 (p=1.39x10-4, OR=10.221 [2.345~44.555]). Another three haplotypes were found to be protective haplotype with significant p-value of which assigned as haplotypes 2-2-1-1-1 (p=0.006, OR=0.668 [0.500~0.893]), 1-1-2-2-1 (p=0.013, OR=0.357 [0.153~0.830]) and 1-1-2-1-1 (p=0.033, OR=0.745 [0.567~0.977]). This study has identified the potential use of intragenic polymorphic markers in the HBB gene, which were significantly associated with beta-thalassemia. A combination of these five tagging SNPs defined a new haplotype model for beta-thalassemia and further evaluation for the prediction of severity in beta-thalassemia.
Immunophenotypic Analysis of AIDS-Related Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Clinical Implications in Patients
Authors: li qiying , zhang wenjun , shi yang , kong zhenqi , huang dehong , guo bingling , xiao chunyan , xiang ying 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) represents a clinically heterogeneous disease. Models based on immunohistochemistry predict clinical outcomes. However, whether these immunophenotypes could be applied as a predictive indicator in AIDS-Related DLBCL remains unclear. To explore predictive immunophenotypes and their clinical implications in AIDS-related DLBCL, we analyzed patient samples treated 2008–2019 with R-CHOP/CHOP-like and central nervous system (CNS) prevention treatment for DLBCL with HIV infection in Chongqing cancer hospital. c-MYC, CD4 count, and co-expression of BCL-2 and c-MYC presented the potential of being predictive markers in the prognosis of AIDS-related DLBCL, while absolute lymphocyte count did not show any effects in clinical outcomes. Surprisingly, we found that BCL-2 and the germinal center b-cell (GCB) subtype also could predict the prognosis of AIDS-related DLBCL, which against previous studies. Thus, the specific mechanism of BCL-2 and GCB subtype in AIDS-related DLBCL still requires to be explored.
Resveratrol improves skeletal muscle insulin resistance through downregulating lncRNA NONMMUT044897.2
Authors: Liu Zhihong , Zhang Zhimei , Song Guangyao , Wang Xing , Xing Hanying , Wang Chao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has proved to be crucial factors in the progression of insulin resistance (IR). Resveratrol (RSV) exhibits promising therapeutic potential for the IR. Nonetheless, whether RSV could influence the expression of lncRNAs and the interaction mechanisms in IR remain unclear.Methods: We conducted high-throughput sequencing to detect the lncRNAs and mRNAs expression signatures and the co-expression network of lncRNAs and mRNAs in skeletal muscle after a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced IR mice model with or without RSV treatment, including hierarchical clustering, gene enrichment and gene co-expression networks analysis. Highly differentially expressed lncRNAs were selected and validated by RT-qPCR. Finally, the biological functions of the selected lncRNAs were investigated by silencing expressing the target genes through lentivirus transfection in C2C12 mouse myotubes cells.Results: We revealed that 338 mRNAs and 629 lncRNAs whose expression in skeletal muscle after a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced IR mice model was reversed by RSV treatment. Gene Ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes databases indicated that the differential expression mRNAs modulate the insulin signaling pathway. After validating randomly selected lncRNAs via RT-qPCR, we found that lncRNA (NONMMUT044897.2) and Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 (SOCS1) were up-regulated in the HFD group, and reversed by RSV treatment. Additionally, NONMMUT044897.2 was validated to function as a ceRNA of microRNA (miR)-7051-5p and SOCS1 was confirmed as a target for miR‑7051-5p. We further performed lentivirus transfection to knockdown NONMMUT044897.2 in vitro and found that NONMMUT044897.2 silence inactivated SOCS1 and promoted the insulin signaling pathway. Importantly, RSV could mimic the effects of silencing NONMMUT044897.2.Conclusion: Our study revealed that resveratrol improves skeletal muscle IR might be via regulation of NONMUT044897.2.
The level of cytoskeleton remodeling proteins in the blood serum and the expression of their mRNA in the tumor tissue in metastasis of the larynx and hypopharynx cancer
Authors: Kakurina Gelena , Cheremisina Olga V , Sereda Elena E , Kolegova Elena S , Kondakova Irina V , Choinzonov Evgeny 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Actin-binding proteins (ABPs) and various signaling systems are involved in the metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx (SCCLH). The clinical significance of these proteins has not yet been determined. We analyzed the relationship between the mRNA level of cofilin 1 (CFL1), profilin 1 (PFN1), adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1), SNAIL and RND3 with metastasis in the SCCLH tissue. The serum level of the listed ABPs was estimated and the relationship of them with the expression of the corresponding mRNA was carried out.
Materials and methods: The expression level of ABPs mRNA was measured by real-time RT-PCR in paired tissue samples taken from 54 patients with SCCLH (T 1-4 N 0-1 M 0 ). Expression analysis was performed using the 2 - ΔΔ CT method. The level of ABPs in the blood serum was measured by ELISA. Statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS Statistica 20.0 software package.
Results: The mRNA expression of the studied genes in tumor tissue of patients with SCCLH T 1-3 N 0 M 0 and T 2-4 N 1-2 M 0 did not differ significantly. High expression of RND3 mRNA was accompanied by an increase in mRNA expression of all studied ABPs. In the blood serum of T 2-4 N 1-2 M 0 patients the level of PFN1 was significantly lower by 21% and the level of CAP1 was higher by 75% compared with the group of patients with T 1-4 N 0 M 0 stage.
Conclusion: According to our data RND3 is involved in the regulation of molecular cascades SCCLH metastasis. PFN1 and CAP1 serum level can be a good classifier of metastases in patients with SCCLH.
A Surgical Approach Decision-Making for Benign Presacral Tumors in Adult Women: A Case Series
Authors: LIAO Huiyan , Liu Jiamin , Wu Siyu , Xiao Jing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The incidence of benign presacral tumor is relatively low in adults and is much higher in women than in men. However, by far, there is no standard surgical approach for women. The study hope to propose a reasonable surgical approach decision strategy exclusively for adult women, which is feasible for removing tumors in different sizes and different locations. Methods: 4 adult female patients with benign presacral tumor were admitted to our department for surgical treatment over these 5 years. Their tumors were removed by transvaginal, laparoscopic, and combined laparoscopic-vaginal surgery respectively. Results: The operations were all carried out successfully. Patients who have undergone repeated examinations in the follow-up after surgery have no tumor recurrence. Conclusion: A reasonable surgical approach decision-making is beneficial to the surgical procedure and post-operation recovery. Transvaginal approach is an uncommon but important approach for benign presacral tumors in adult female.
Household Quarantine of Second Degree Contacts Is an Effective Non-Pharmaceutical Intervention to Prevent Tertiary Cases in the Current Pandemic
Authors: Weigl Josef A. I. , Feddersen Anna-Katharina , Stern Mona 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Given the characteristics of SARS-CoV2 in regard to transmission before the onset of symptoms and varying manifestation indices according to age, isolation and quarantine have limited efficacy in the current pandemic. Household quarantine in second degree contacts (Hh-Q2°) outside the case household was so far only addressed by modellers. There is no publication based on field data in the literature.Methods: In a retrospective cohort study on real field data from a county health department (CHD), all PCR-confirmed cases and related contact persons put into quarantine were analysed. Hh-Q2° was used in our CHD from the beginning of the pandemic.Results: From 9 March to 8 December 2020, 353 PCR-confirmed cases were registered in the CHD Ploen, Northern Germany: 225 (63.7%) primary, 107 (30.3%) secondary and 21 (5.9%) tertiary cases. The 107 secondary cases resulted out of 470 (22.8%) close or 1°contacts and 21 tertiary cases out of 179 (11.7%) indirect or 2°contacts put into quarantine. The efficacy of Hh-Q2° was 51.5% (11.7%/22.8%) of the efficacy of quarantine in 1°contacts; 16.4% of all converted cases in quarantined persons were ascertained by Hh-Q2°. One in ten 1°contacts in households with tertiary cases remained asymptomatic.Conclusion: The impact of Hh-Q2° in preventing further spread of SARS-CoV2 was considerable. With half the conversion rate in 2°contacts in comparison to 1°contacts, the efficacy of Hh-Q2° is substantial. Hh-Q2° should urgently be used routinely to control the spread of SARS-CoV2 more efficiently and national authorities should include it in their guidelines.
Generalized Radiation Model for Human Migration
Authors: Alis Christian M. , Legara Erika Fille , Monterola Christopher 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
One of the main problems in the study of human migration is predicting how many people will migrate from one place to another. An important model used for this problem is the radiation model for human migration, which models locations as attractors whose attractiveness is moderated by distance as well as attractiveness of neighboring locations. In the model, the measure used for attractiveness is population which is a proxy for economic opportunities and jobs. However, this may not be valid, for example, in developing countries, and fails to take into account people migrating for non-economic reasons such as quality of life. Here, we extend the radiation model to include the number of amenities (offices, schools, leisure places, etc.) as features aside from population. We find that the generalized radiation model outperforms the radiation model by as much as 7.7% relative improvement in mean absolute percentage error based on actual census data five years apart. The best performing model does not even include population information which suggests that amenities already include the information that we get from population. The generalized radiation model provides a measure of feature importance thus presenting another avenue for investigating the effect of amenities on human migration.
BTK inhibitors for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): A Systematic Review
Authors: Stack Michael , Sacco Keith , Castagnoli Riccardo , Livinski Alicia A. , Notarangelo Luigi D. , Lionakis Michail S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
ImportanceThe Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) regulates B cell and macrophage signaling, development, survival, and activation. BTK inhibition was shown to protect against lethal influenza-induced acute lung injury in mice. Inhibiting BTK has been hypothesized to ameliorate lung injury in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). ObjectiveTo evaluate the use of BTK inhibitors (BTKinibs) during COVID-19 and assess how they may affect patient outcomes.Evidence ReviewWe searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science: Core on December 30, 2020. Clinical studies with at least 5 COVID-19 patients treated with BTKinibs were included. Case reports and reviews were excluded.FindingsOne hundred twenty-five articles were identified, 6 of which met inclusion criteria. Sample size ranged from 6 to 126 patients. Patient populations included subjects hospitalized with COVID-19 (6/6) and admitted to the intensive care unit (5/6). Patient age ranged between 35 and 98 years. Four studies included patients already receiving BTKinibs for their lymphoproliferative disease, 1 for Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia and 3 for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The most common clinical outcomes measured were oxygen requirements (4/6) and hospitalization rate or duration (3/6). Differences in standard-of-care reflected the date of study and pre-existing conditions in the various patient cohorts. Full-dose acalabrutinib was evaluated in 2 studies, one study evaluated full-dose ibrutinib, and another study evaluated both ibrutinib and acalabrutinib. The remainder 2 studies described outcomes in CLL patients on multiple BTKinibs and other CLL-targeted treatments. Three studies showed decreased oxygen requirements in patients who started or continued BTKinibs. All three studies that evaluated hospitalization rate or duration found favorable outcomes in those on BTKinibs. Conclusions and Relevance﻿BTKinib use was associated with decreased oxygen requirements and decreased hospitalization rates and duration. However, randomized clinical trials are needed to validate the beneficial effects of BTKinibs for acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Involvement of alpha-7 nicotinic receptor (α7nAChR) in respiratory syncytial virus infection-induced asthma in rats
Authors: Wang Jun , Wei Zifeng , Zhong Xu , Dai Lixue 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of alpha−7 nicotinic receptor (α7nAChR) in rats with asthma caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. An asthmatic rat model was established by RSV infection and confirmed based on pathological changes. sh-α7nAChR lentivirus was constructed to reduce α7nAChR expression in rats. The animals were divided into a control group, a model group, a sh-α7nAChR lentivirus group, a nerve growth factor (NGF) antibody group, a dexamethasone (DXMS) group, a sh-α7nAChR lentivirus + NGF antibody group, and a sh-α7nAChR lentivirus + DXMS group. The expression of α7nAChR was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting. Serum levels of adrenaline and norepinephrine were detected by ELISA. Transmission electron microscopy determined the morphological change of chromaffin cells and synaptic vesicles. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of synaptophysin (SYN) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). Compared with the control group, the model group showed significantly increased expression of α7nAChR, SYN, and NF-κB. Compared with the model group, the sh-α7nAChR lentivirus, NGF antibody, DXMS, sh-α7nAChR lentivirus + NGF antibody, and sh-α7nAChR lentivirus + DXMS groups showed significantly decreased expression of α7nAChR (P < 0.05). After repeated infection with RSV, the number of chromaffin cells and synaptic vesicles increased, which were significantly reduced after silencing α7nAChR by NGF antibody or DXMS treatment. The model group showed significantly lower serum adrenaline than the control group (P < 0.05). Similarly, the serum adrenaline in the sh-α7nAChR lentivirus, sh-α7nAChR lentivirus + NGF antibody, and sh-α7nAChR lentivirus + DXMS groups, but not the NGF antibody and DXMS groups, was significantly lower than in the model group. Together, upregulation of α7nAChR is involved in RSV infection-induced asthma in rats. Silencing of α7nAChR reduces the numbers of chromaffin granules and synaptic vesicles and adrenaline release.
Mass Spectrometry based Identification and Characterization of 28 kDa protein from Teliospores of Karnal Bunt Pathogen Tilletia Indica
Authors: sharma priyanka , Pandey Vishakha , Mishra Pallavi , Singh Sadhna , pande veena , Kumar Anil 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Karnal bunt (KB) of wheat incited by Tilletia indica is an economically important quarantined fungal disease that cause huge economical loss to agricultural productivity. MethodsIn the present investigation, we have characterized the unique immunoreactive determinant present on the teliospore’s wall of Tilletia indica employing proteomic and in-silico approaches. The 28 kDa protein from the teliospore’s walls was eluted from the preparative gels and further subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Mass spectrometry was carried out in search of teliosporic protein(s).ResultsProteomic analysis identified and characterized proteins as small Heat shock protein (sHSP20) and Trehalose-6-phosphatase synthase (TPS) in T.indica. In-silico analysis confirmed the function of the identified protein as a sHSP and TPS belonging to stress response and carbohydrate metabolism. These results were further complemented to identify the homologs of proteins by sequence and structure based functional annotation using genome sequence of T. indica. The potential diagnostic protein present in immunoreactive 28 kDa of teliospores wall entities are sHSP and TPS. Conclusion This study is the first to perform finding indicated that proteins sHSP and TPS act as functional protein, involve in the pathogen protection under stress condition. Together these proteins increase our understanding of the transition from vegetative to sporulation process of T. indica by activation of sHSP-TPS, especially in terms of energy metabolism and stimulus responses. Identification of such protein(s) may also provide an opportunity to generate specific immunoprobes for development of rapid immuno-diagnostic assay.