bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 3D system to model human pancreas development and its reference single-cell transcriptome atlas identify signaling pathways required for progenitor expansion
Authors: Gonçalves Carla A. , Larsen Michael , Jung Sascha , Stratmann Johannes , Nakamura Akiko , Leuschner Marit , Hersemann Lena , Keshara Rashmiparvathi , Perlman Signe , Lundvall Lene , Thuesen Lea Langhoff , Hare Kristine Juul , Amit Ido , Jørgensen Anne , Kim Yung Hae , Sol Antonio del , Grapin-Botton Anne 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Human organogenesis remains relatively unexplored for ethical and practical reasons. Here we report the establishment of a single cell transcriptome atlas of the human fetal pancreas between 7 and 10 post-conceptional weeks of development. To interrogate cell-cell interactions we developed InterCom, an R-Package for identifying receptors-ligand pairs and their downstream effects. We further report the establishment of a human pancreas culture system starting from fetal tissue or human pluripotent stem cells, enabling the long-term maintenance of pancreas progenitors in a minimal, defined medium in three-dimensions. Benchmarking the cells produced in 2D and those expanded in 3D to fetal tissue reveals that progenitors expanded in 3D are transcriptionally closer to the fetal pancreas. We further demonstrate the potential of this system as a screening platform and identify the importance of the EGF and FGF pathways controlling human pancreas progenitor expansion.
Contact Force Estimation for Serial Manipulator Based on Weighted Moving Average with Variable Span and Standard Kalman Filter with Automatic Tuning
Authors: Cao Feng , Docherty Paul D. , Chen XiaoQi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Sensorless contact force estimation methods facilitate the application of the serial manipulators to manufacturing as they enable robots to interact with unexpected collisions at low cost. In this paper, an external force estimation approach with no embedded sensors is proposed. The approach combines a Weighted Moving Average (WMA) with variable span, the standard Kalman filter (SKF), and its tuning routines. Improved confidence in the motor output torque is achieved due to the reduction of the measurement noise in the motor current by the WMA. The span of the filter adapts continuously to achieve optimal tradeoff between response time and precision of estimation in real-time. With the comprehensive information of uncertainty in motor current noise and measurement errors of individual joints speed, an automatic tuning algorithm of the SKF is presented. Validation of the presented estimation approach in terms of estimation accuracy and response time was conducted on the Universal Robot 5 manipulator with differing end effector loads. It was found that the combined force estimation method leads to a reduction of the root-mean-square error and response time by 55.2% and 20.8% in comparison with the established method. The proposed method can be applied to any robotic manipulators as long as the motor information (current, joint position, and joint velocities) are available. Consequently, the cost of collision recognition could be reduced dramatically.
Identification of lncRNA–mRNA Regulatory Network Associated With Isolated Systolic Hypertension And Atherosclerotic Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Yang Jie , Tao Yan-Nan , Hu Fang-Xiao , Chen Yong-Zhi , Yang Xue-Song , Zhuang Xin , Cui Ming-Ling , Li Guan-lan , Li Chao , Yang Chuan-Hua , Jiang Yue-Hua 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Increasing evidences uncover that lncRNAs play an important role in Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH). However, a systematic lncRNA-mRNA regulatory network is still absent in isolated systolic hypertension and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction patients (ISH & ACI).Aim:This research aims to establish a lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network in patients with ISH & ACI, to probe into the potential functions of lncRNA in those patients.Design and Setting:Expression profiles of lncRNA and mRNAs are collected and compared respectively from 8 patients with ISH and 8 patients with ISH & ACI by RNA-seq data.Methods: Differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were screened out via high-throughput sequencing in the plasma of ISH/ACI patients and control ISH patients. Then, a lncRNA-mRNA interaction network was built using the Pearson correlation coefficient by Cytoscape software. The expression levels of the hub genes and lncRNAs were verified by qRT-PCR in another 10 ISH/ACI patients and 10 control patients. Results: 2768 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 747 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. 2 hub genes (CD226 and PARVB) and 11 lncRNAs were identified in the lncRNA-mRNA interaction network. qRT-PCR and cell assay results verified that lncRNAs ENST00000590604 and CD226 are highly expressed in patients of ISH & ACI. CD226 was associated with vascular endothelial cells growth and stability through platelet activation and focal adhesion pathway.Conclusion: We established a novel mRNA-lncRNA interaction network. lncRNAs ENST00000590604 and CD226 might be the potential biomarkers of ISH & ACI.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Norfloxacin By Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymers: Influencing Factors And Mechanisms
Authors: Fang Lei , Tang Kaijie , Wei Dong , Zhang Yan , Zhou Yongchao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Novel magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIP) were prepared for selective removal of norfloxacin from ambient water by effectively utilizing photocatalytic degradation and magnetic separation techniques. The imprinted materials with titanium layer and multihole surface showed excellent photocatalytic property. In this paper, the kinetics of photocatalytic degradation of norfloxacin by MMIP was explored, and the influences of environmental factors, including solution pH, humic acid, common ions and water media on photocatalytic performance of the materials were elucidated. The results showed that MMIP had good adaptability and could degrade norfloxacin within 60 min, but the degradation rate constant decreased by 40.3% and 66.4% in tap water and surface water, respectively. According to the intermediates, the possible degradation pathways of norfloxacin were analyzed, speculating that norfloxacin might be degraded into small molecules after de-piperazine ring, de-carboxyl group and de-fluorine. Moreover, the mineralization ratio of norfloxacin could reach 84.2% after ultraviolet irradiation for 150 min. In the study of photocatalytic in-situ regeneration and recovery performance of MMIP, the total removal efficiency of norfloxacin was still 99.0% after seven cycles of adsorption-degradation tests. And the low cobalt release of MMIP by molecular imprinting technology enhanced the security of the materials.
Investigation of the Biological Treatability of Pistachio Processing Industry Wastewaters in a Batch-operated Aerobic Bioreactor
Authors: Tırınk Sevtap , Nuhoğlu Alper , Kul Sinan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study encompasses investigation of treatment of pistachio processing industry wastewaters in a batch reactor under aerobic conditions, calculation of kinetic parameters and comparison of different inhibition models. The mixed microorganism culture used in the study was adapted to pistachio processing industry wastewaters for nearly one month and then concentrations from 50-1000 mg L− 1 of pistachio processing industry wastewaters were added to the medium and treatment was investigated in batch experiments. The Andrews, Han-Levenspiel, Luong and Aiba biokinetic equations were chosen for the correlations between the concentration of pistachio processing industry wastewaters and specific growth rates, and the kinetic parameters in these biokinetic equations were calculated. The µmax, Ks and Ki parameters, included in the Aiba biokinetic equation providing best fit among the other equations, had values calculated as 0.25 h− 1, 19 mg L− 1, and 516 mg L− 1, respectively.
Dynamic Environmental Regulation Threshold Effect of Technical Progress on Green Total Factor Energy Efficiency:Evidence from China
Authors: Li Ge , Gao Da , Li Yi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Sustainability is a strategic choice for the transition to a green economy in China. Improving green total factor energy efficiency (GTFEE) is the key to realizing the dual targets of energy saving and economic growth. This paper assesses the nonlinear influence of environmental regulation (ER) on technical innovation (TI) affecting GTFEE by establishing a dynamic panel threshold model using panel data of 271 prefecture-level cities in China from 2004–2016. Meanwhile, a system GMM approach is used to verify the channels through which TI affects GTFEE. Finally, the spatial and temporal characteristics of TI affecting GTFEE are analyzed from the perspective of ER. The empirical results are as follows: (1) TI can significantly improve GTFEE, and there is a threshold characteristic of this improvement effect, when ER is above the threshold value, TI has a greater improvement effect on GTFEE. (2) Besides directly influencing GTFEE through green technical innovation effect, TI can also indirectly influence GTFEE via channels such as economic growth effect, industrial structure upgrading effect and foreign investment effect, and the indirect influence channels show ER heterogeneity. (3) The number of cities crossing the threshold of ER in China increases year by year, which helps TI play a role in improving GTFEE, but there are still a small number of cities that do not cross the threshold during the sample period, which should attract the attention of local governments.
Modeling of Cutting Forces in 1-D &amp; 2-D Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Milling of Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Rinck Philipp , Gueray Alpcan , Zaeh Michael F. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To meet the modern demands for lightweight construction and energy efficiency, hard-to-machine materials such as ceramics, superalloys and fiber-reinforced plastics are being used progressively. These materials can only be machined with great effort using conventional machining processes due to the high cutting forces, poor surface qualities, and the associated tool wear. Vibration-assisted machining has already proven to be an adequate solution in order to achieve extended tool lives, better surface qualities and reduced cutting forces. This paper presents an analytical force model for longitudinal-torsional vibration-assisted milling (LT-VAM), which can predict cutting forces under intermittent and non-intermittent cutting conditions. Under intermittent cutting conditions, the relative contact ratio between the rake face and the sliding chip is utilized for modelling the shearing forces. Ploughing forces and shearing forces under non-intermittent cutting conditions are calculated by using an extended macroscopic friction reduction model, which can predict the reduced frictional forces under parallel and perpendicular vibration superimposition. The force model was implemented in MATLAB and can predict cutting forces without using any experimental vibration-assisted milling (VAM) data input.
Beating Carnot efficiency with periodically driven chiral conductors
Authors: ryu sungguen , Lopez Rosa , Serra L , Sanchez David 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Classically, the power generated by an ideal thermal machine cannot be larger than the Carnot limit. This profound result is rooted in the second law of thermodynamics. A hot question is whether this bound is still valid for microengines operating far from equilibrium. Here, we demonstrate that
a quantum chiral conductor driven by AC voltage can indeed work with efficiencies much larger than the Carnot bound. The system also extracts work from common temperature baths, violating Kelvin-Planck statement. Nonetheless, with the proper definition, entropy production is always positive and the second law is preserved. The crucial ingredients to obtain efficiencies beyond the Carnot limit are: i) irreversible entropy production by the photoassisted excitation processes due to the AC field and ii) absence of power injection thanks to chirality. Our results are relevant in view of recent developments that use small conductors to test the fundamental limits of thermodynamic engines.
Experimental Study of Carbon Dioxide Absorption by Fe2O3@glutamine/NMP Nanofluid
Authors: Elhambakhsh Abbas , Heidari Samira , Keshavarz Peyman 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, the magnetic based nanoparticle (NP) of Fe2O3@glutamine (C5H10N2O3) was synthesized to improve the Fe2O3 properties in absorbing carbon dioxide (CO2) using the base fluid of hydrous N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solution (50wt.%), as a physically powerful CO2 absorbent. To do this, several nano-NMP solutions, in different weight percentages of NPs were first prepared. Then, in a batch setup, the nano-NMP solutions were directly exposed to CO2 gaseous (at the pressures of 20, 30, and 40 bar) to clarify the effects of the mass percentage of NPs and initial pressure on CO2 absorption. Results clearly illustrated that Fe2O3 nanofluid was not stable more than 0.025 wt.%. However, Fe2O3@glutamine nanofluid was stable approximately two times more than Fe2O3 nanofluid due to the presence of glutamine as a hydrophilic agent in the structure of Fe2O3@glutamine. Moreover, in comparison to the base fluid (NMP solution), although Fe2O3 increased CO2 absorption up to 9.14%, Fe2O3@glutamine NPs caused the CO2 absorption to increase up to 19.41%, which can be determined as the chemical reactions of two amino groups in the glutamine structure with CO2 and also higher Stability of Fe2O3@glutamine NPs compared to bare Fe2O3 NPs.
Local adaptation mediated niche expansion in correlation with genetic richness
Authors: Kurokawa Masaomi , Nishimura Issei , Ying Bei-Wen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
As a central issue in evolution and ecology, the quantitative relationship among the genome, adaptation and the niche was investigated. Local adaptation of five Escherichia coli strains carrying either the wild-type genome or reduced genomes was achieved by experimental evolution. A high-throughput fitness assay of the ancestor and evolved populations across an environmental gradient of eight niches resulted in a total of 80 fitness curves generated from 2,220 growth curves. Further analyses showed that the increases in both local adaptiveness and niche broadness were negatively correlated with genetic richness. Local adaptation caused common niche expansion, whereas niche expansion for generality or speciality was decided by genetic richness. The order of the mutations accumulated stepwise was correlated with the magnitude of the fitness increase attributed to mutation accumulation. Pre-adaptation probably participated in coordination among genetic richness, local adaptation and niche expansion.
Low-Dose Dobutamine Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Segmental Strain Study of Early Phase of Intramyocardial Hemorrhage Rats
Authors: Xia Rui , He Bo , Zhu Tong , Zhang Yu , Chen Yushu , Wang Lei , Zhou Yang , Liao Jichun , Zheng Jie , Li Yongmei , Lv Fajin , Gao Fabao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: This study investigates the segmental myocardial strain of the early phase of intramyocardial hemorrhage (IMH) caused by reperfused myocardial infarction (MI) in rats by low-dose dobutamine (LDD) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) feature-tracking. Methods: Nine sham rats and nine rats with 60-min myocardial ischemia followed by 48-h reperfusion were investigated using CMR, including T2*-mapping sequence and fast imaging with steady-state precession (FISP)–cine sequence. Another FISP–cine sequence was acquired after 2 min of dobutamine injection; the MI, IMH, and Non-MI (NMI) areas were identified. The values of peak radial strains (PRS) and peak circumferential strains (PCS) of the MI, IMH and NMI segments were acquired. The efficiency of PRS and PCS (EPRS and EPCS, respectively) were calculated on the basis of the time of every single heartbeat. Results: The PRS, PCS, EPRS, and EPCS of the sham group increased after LDD injection. However, the PRS, PCS, EPRS, and EPCS of the IMH segment did not increase. Moreover, the PRS and PCS of the MI and NMI segments did not increase, but the EPRS and EPCS of these segments increased. The PRS, PCS, EPRS, and EPCS of the IMH segment were lower than those of the MI and NMI segments before and after LDD injection, but without a significant difference between MI segment and NMI segment before and after LDD injection. Conclusions: LDD could help assess dysfunctions in segments with IMH, especially using the efficiency of strain. IMH was a crucial factor that decreased segmental movement and reserved function.
Vegetative Community Diversity Assessment of a Beneficial Use Salt Marsh Restoration
Authors: Murphy Nickolas , Biber Patrick 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Restoration of lost marsh platforms can include de-novo construction using dredged sediments. Two restoration projects constructed with beneficial use material in 2004 and 2015 were planted with native vegetation in the anticipation they would function similarly to adjacent Juncus roemerianus (Black needlerush) dominated salt marshes. Planted J. roemerianus, however, failed to establish and exists sparsely in the restored marsh. To better understand potential sources of failure, this study assessed vascular plant diversity in Spring and Fall of 2017 through 2019 and demonstrated establishment of both planted and naturally recruited vegetation. The two constructed sites were found to have higher species richness and plant diversity (Shannon-Wiener H’, and Simpson’s D) than the natural reference marsh, in part due to the higher elevations of the two constructed sites. The plant diversity metrics indicated the two beneficial use restorations did not meet the species composition of the reference marsh. Further monitoring should be conducted to observe the species development over the long term with considerations given to the potential future marsh change.
Utility Values in Colorectal Cancer Patients Treated with Chemotherapy
Authors: Atfannezhad Majid , Sharifi Mehran , Yousefi Mahmood , Madadizadeh Farzan , Ameri Hosein 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
PurposeThe purpose of present study was to calculate utility values in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients by EQ-5D-5L and cTTO.MethodsThe EQ-5D-5L and cTTO were used to calculate utility values in the patients. A total of 105 patients with CRC were consecutively selected from chemotherapy ward of the Oncology Center of Omid in the second most population province, Isfahan, in Iran. The difference between mean utility values in each factor examined by the t-test and ANOWA. Finally, The BetaMix was used to identify predictors of the utility.ResultsThe mean EQ-5D-5L index and cTTO values were 0.45 ±0.03 and 0.51±0.02, respectively. The anxiety and pain were the most common problems reported by the patients. Univariate analyses showed that the difference between the mean EQ-5D-5L index values were significant for age, education status, income level, stage of cancer, and comorbidity number; also, showed that the difference between the mean cTTO values were significant for age, income level, employment status, stage of cancer, and comorbidity number. The BetaMix showed that lower mean utility values were significantly associated with female, aging, a low level of income, a greater number of comorbidities and advanced stage of cancer.ConclusionThe factors of female, aging, a low level of income, advanced stage of cancer, and a greater number of comorbidities should be considered for improving values of utility. In addition, focusing on anxiety/depression through financial and social supports can be critical for the improvement in the quality of life in the patients.
Study on Dynamic Changes of Soil Erosion in the North and South Mountains of Lanzhou
Authors: Zhang Hua , Lei Jinping , Xu Cungang , Yin Yuxin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study takes the north and south mountains of Lanzhou as the study area, calculates the soil erosion modulus of the north and south mountains of Lanzhou based on the five major soil erosion factors in the RUSLE model and analyzes the temporal and spatial dynamic changes of soil erosion and the characteristics of soil erosion under different environmental factors. The results show that the soil erosion intensity of the north and south mountains of Lanzhou is mainly micro erosion in 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2018. They are distributed in the northwest and southeast of the north and south mountains. Under different environmental factors, the soil erosion modulus first increased and then decreased with the increase of altitude; the soil erosion modulus increased with the increase of slope; the average soil erosion modulus of grassland and woodland was larger, and the average soil erosion modulus of water area was the smallest; except for bare land, the average soil erosion modulus decreased with the increase of vegetation coverage. The soil erosion modulus in the greening range is lower than that outside the greening scope, mainly the result of the joint influence of precipitation, soil and vegetation.
Efficacy-enhanced and cytokine release syndrome-attenuated anti-CD7 universal chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy for relapsed/refractory CD7-positive hematological malignancies: A phase I clinical study
Authors: Huang He , Hu Yongxian , Zhou Yali , Zhang Mingming , Zhao Houli , Wei Guoqing , Ge Wengang , Chen Gong , Han Lu , Guo Tingting , Cui Jiazhen , Jiang Xiaoyan , Zheng Xiujun , Yu Shuhui , Li Xiaolong , Zhang Xingwang , Chen Mingxi , Li Xiuju , Gao Ming , Wang Kang , He Xiaohong , Wang Yanbin , Ren Jiangtao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor-T cell (CAR-T) therapy in T cell malignancies faces fratricide, T cell aplasia, and product contamination. Here, we successfully developed a universal anti-CD7 CAR-T product (RD13-01). RD13-01 contains a bbzg-CAR comprising an anti-CD7 single-chain variable fragment, a 4-1BB costimulatory domain, a CD3ζ signaling domain, the intracellular domain of the common γ chain, and a natural killer cell inhibitory molecule (E-cadherin). TRAC, CD7 and HLA-II were disrupted to avoid graft versus host disease (GvHD), fratricide and rejection. Bbzg-CAR-T exerted antitumor effects superior to those of conventional CAR-T, while exhibiting reduced cytokine production. Among 11 evaluable relapsed/refractory (r/r) patients, no dose-limited toxicity, GvHD, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity or severe cytokine release syndrome (grade≥3) occurred. Nine (82%) showed objective response. For r/r leukemia and NHL, complete response rates were 75% and 33.3% respectively. Outstanding safety and efficacy of this universal CAR-T product was achieved in CD7+ T cell malignancies.