bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Rapid Prediction Model for Intestinal Necrosis in Acute Mesenteric Ischemia: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhuang Xinsuo , Chen Fumei , Zhou Qian , Zhu Yuanrun , Yang Xiaofeng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background：Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a life-threatening condition. However, there is no accurate method to predict intestinal necrosis in AMI patients that may facilitate early surgical intervention. This study thus aimed to explore a simple and accurate model to predict intestinal necrosis in patients with AMI.Methods: A single-center retrospective study was performed on the data of 132 AMI patients treated between October 2011 and June 2020. The patients were divided into the intestinal necrosis and non-intestinal necrosis groups. The clinical characteristics and laboratory data were analyzed by univariate analysis, and the variables with statistical significance were further analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The independent predictors of intestinal necrosis were determined and a logistic prediction model was established. Finally, the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the model in predicting intestinal necrosis were evaluated. Results: Univariate analysis showed that white blood cell (WBC) count, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level, neutrophil ratio, prothrombin time (PT), and LnD-dimer were associated with intestinal necrosis. According to logistic regression multivariate analysis, WBC count, BUN level and LnD-dimer were independent predictors of intestinal necrosis. These parameters were used to establish a clinical prediction model of intestinal necrosis (CPMIN) as follows: model score = 0.349×BUN (mmol/L) +0.109×WBC×109+0.394×LnD-Dimer-7.883. The area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve of the model was 0.889 (95% confidence interval: 0.833–0.944). Model scores greater than -0.1992 predicted the onset of intestinal necrosis. The accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of the model were 82.6%, 78.2%, and 88.3%, respectively. The proportion of intestinal necrosis in the high-risk patient group (CPMIN score ≥ -0.1992) was much greater than that in the low-risk patient group (CPMIN score < -0.1992; 82.7% vs. 15.0%, p<0.001).Conclusion：The CPMIN can effectively predict intestinal necrosis and guide early surgical intervention to improve patient prognosis. Patients with AMI who are classified as high-risk should be promptly treated with surgery to avoid the potential complications caused by delayed operation. Patients classified as low-risk group can receive non-surgical treatment. This model may help to lower the morbidity and mortality from AMI.
Long non-coding RNAs to predict postoperative recurrence in muscle-invasive bladder cancer and to develop a new molecular classification system
Authors: Li Zhiyong , JIANG LIJUAN , ZHANG ZHILING , DENG MINHUA , WEI WENSU , TANG HUANCHENG , GUO SHENGJIE , YE YUNLIN , YAO KAI , LIU ZHUOWEI , ZHOU FANGJIAN 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Reliable molecular markers are much needed for early prediction of recurrence in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients. We aimed to build an lncRNA signature to improve recurrence prediction and lncRNA-based molecular classification of MIBC. Methods: LncRNAs of 320 MIBC patients from TCGA database were analyzed, and a nomogram was established. A molecular classification system was created, and immunotherapy, chemotherapy response prediction, immune score analysis, immunoinfiltration analysis, and mutational data analysis were conducted. Results: An eight-lncRNA signature could classify the patients into high- and low-risk subgroups having significantly different DFS. Our samples validated that the 8 lncRNAs were related with DFS. The nomogram achieved a C-index of 0.719 (95% CI, 0.674–0.764). Time-dependent ROC analyses indicated the superior prognostic accuracy of nomograms for DFS prediction (0.76, 95% CI, 0.697–0.807). Further, four clusters with different DFS and molecular features were identified. The four clusters (median DFS = 11.8, 15.3, 17.9, and 18.9 months, respectively) showed a high frequency of TTN, fibroblast growth factor receptor-3, TP53, and TP53 mutations, respectively. They were enriched with macrophages M2, T cells CD8, macrophages M0, and macrophages M0, respectively. Clusters 2 and 3 demonstrated potential sensitivity to immunotherapy and insensitivity to chemotherapy, whereas cluster 4 showed potential insensitivity to immunotherapy and sensitivity to chemotherapy. Conclusion: Our lncRNA-based signature proved to be a reliable prognostic tool to determine postoperative recurrence in MIBC patients. We believe that the four molecular subtypes possess the potential to guide treatment.
Dodging COVID-19 Infection: Low Expression and Localization of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Hernandez Jonathan J , Beaty Doyle E , Fruhwirth Logan L , Chaves Ana P Lopes , Riordan Neil H 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMesenchymal stem cells derived from human umbilical cord (hUC-MSCs) have immunomodulatory properties that are of interest to treat novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Leng et al. recently reported that hUC-MSCs derived from one donor negatively expressed Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), a key protein for viral infection along with Transmembrane Serine Protease 2 (TMPRSS2). MethodsExpression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 was analyzed in 24 lots of hUC-MSCs derived fromWharton's jelly via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), Western Blot, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry using 24 different donors. ResultshUC-MSCs had significantly lower ACE2 (p=0.002) and TMPRSS2 (p=0.008) expression compared with human lung tissue homogenates in Western blot analyses. Little to no expression of ACE2 was observed in hUC-MSC by qPCR, and they were not observable with immunofluorescence in hUC-MSCs cell membranes. A negative ACE2 and TMPRSS2 population percentage of 95.3% ±15.55 was obtained for hUC-MSCs via flow cytometry, with only 4.6% ACE2 and 29.5% TMPRSS2 observable positive populations. ConclusionsWe have demonstrated negative expression of ACE2 and low expression of TMPRSS2 in 24 lots of hUC-MSCs. This has crucial implications for the design of future therapeutic options for COVID-19, since hUC-MSCs would have the ability to “dodge” viral infection to exert their immunomodulatory effects.
Fidarestat sensitized Caco-2 cells to Doxorubicin via increasing cell cycle-dependent cytotoxicity
Authors: Hammadieh Mozna Ahmad , Monem Fawza 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objectives: Anthracycline drugs such as Doxorubicin are considered one of the most active, wide-spectrum, and cost-eﬀective drugs that have been used as a therapy for many cancers, but not for colorectal cancer. Recent reports indicate that inhibiting Aldose Reductase increases the sensitivity of human colorectal cancer cells to Doxorubicin. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of using an Aldose Reductase inhibitor (Fidarestat) as an adjuvant drug with Doxorubicin on colorectal cell line Caco-2, by studying cell viability, type of death, and cell cycle distribution in order to understand the pathways of this treatment. Results: Our results indicated that Fidarestat significantly increased the sensitivity of Caco-2 cells to Doxorubicin in a concentration-independent manner. In addition, Fidarestat increased Doxorubicin-induced G2/M phase arrest as well as induced cell cycle arrest in the S phase, thus potentiated Doxorubicin cytotoxicity. over all, our results demonstrated that a potent and clinically safe Aldose Reductase inhibitor, Fidarestat, sensitized Caco-2 cells to Doxorubicin via increasing Doxorubicin cell cycle-dependent cytotoxicity.
Clinical Signs Predictive of Severe Illness in Young Pakistani Infants
Authors: Shahid Shahira , Tikmani Shiyam Sunder , Nayani Kanwal , Munir Ayesha , Brown Nick , Zaidi Anita KM , Jehan Fyezah , Nisar Muhammad Imran 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective:Early detection of specific signs and symptoms to predict severe illness is essential to prevent infant mortality. As a continuation of the results from the multicenter Young Infants Clinical Signs and Symptoms (YICSS) study, we present here the performance of the seven-sign algorithm in 3 age categories (0-6 days, 7-27 days and 28-59 days) in Pakistani infants aged 0-59 days.Results:From September 2003 to November 2004, 2950 infants were enrolled (age group 0-6 days=1633, 7-27 days=817, 28-59 days=500). The common reason for seeking care was umbilical redness or discharge (29.2%) in the 0-6 days group. Older age groups presented with cough (16.9%) in the 7-27 age group and (26.9%) infants in the 28-59 days group. Severe infection/sepsis was the most common primary diagnoses in infants requiring hospitalization across all age groups. The algorithm performed well in every age group, with a sensitivity of 85.9% and specificity of 71.6% in the 0-6 days age group and a sensitivity of 80.5% and specificity of 80.2% in the 28-59 days group; the sensitivity was slightly lower in the 7-27 age group (72.4%) but the specificity remained high (83.1%).
Anterior Reduction and C1-ring Osteosynthesis With Jefferson-fracture Reduction Plate (JeRP) via Transoral Approach for Unstable Atlas Fractures
Authors: Tu Qiang , Chen Hu , Li Zhan , Chen Yuyue , Xu Aihong , Zhu Changrong , Huang Xianhua , Ma Xiangyang , Wang Jianhua , Zhang Kai , Xu Jianzhong , Xia Hong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective:To introduce a novel transoral instrumentation in the treatment of unstable fractures of atlas.Methods: From January 2008 to May 2018, 22 patients with unstable C1 fractures were retrospective analyzed, who received Jefferson-fracture reduction plate (JeRP) via transoral approach. The case history and the radiographs before and after surgery were noted. The type of fracture, the reduction of the fracture and position of the internal fixation were assessed by preoperative and postoperative CT scans.RESULTS: All 22 patients successfully underwent anterior C1-ring osteosynthesis using JeRP system, with a follow-up of 26.84±9.23 months. Among them, 9 patients had transverse atlantal ligament (TAL) injury, including 3 in Dickman type I and 6 in type II. The preoperative lateral mass displacement (LMD) decreased from 7.13±7.08 mm to 1.02±0.65 mm after operation. Bone union was achieved in all patients without implant failure or loss of reduction. There were no surgery-related complications, such as wound infection, neurological deficit, or vertebral artery injury. However, 3 patients with Dickman type I TAL injury occured atlantoaxial dislocation 3 months postoperatively without any neurological symptoms or neck pain.CONCLUSIONS: Transoral C1-ring osteosynthesis with JeRP is an effective surgical strategy of unstable atlas fractures, achieving direct and satisfactory reduction safely. The primary indication for JeRP system is an unstable fracture (Gehweiler type I/III) or/ and TAL injury (Dickman type II).
Epidemiological and Molecular Profile of Blood Donors Infected With HTLV-1/2 in the State of Pará, Northern Brazil
Authors: Maneschy Carolina de Alcântara , Barile Katarine Antonia , Castro Jairo Augusto de , Palmeira Maurício , Castro Renata de , Amaral Carlos Eduardo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) is a retrovirus of the genus Deltaretrovirus, which belongs to the family Retroviridae, and has tropism for T lymphocytes. This virus has four types, of which the most important in terms of pathogenesis and epidemiology are HTLV-1 and HTLV -2. It is estimated that between five and 10 million individuals are infected with HTLV-1, worldwide, of which, approximately 2.5 million live in Brazil. Studies in the state of Pará indicate that it has the third highest prevalence of HTLV infections of any Brazilian state. The virus can betransmitted through sexual, vertical, and parenteral route. The present study describes the epidemiological, serological, and molecular profile of blood donors from the state of Pará, that were classified as unfit due to infection by HTLV-1 and 2. Results: A total of 632 samples were analyzed. The HTLV proviral DNA was detected primarily in females (69.1%), with a mean age of 40 years, with the highest frequencies of detection being recorded in single individuals (66.2%), first-time donors (74.3%), and individuals that had graduated high school (44.1%). The molecular confirmation of HTLV showed that threequarters (78%) of the serologically reactive individuals were negative for either types I or II, so the epidemiological profile of these individuals was significantly different from their detectable profile. Conclusions: The HTLV is a neglected etiological agent in Brazil, and although there have been many advances since its discovery, infection patterns are still relatively poorly understood by both healthcare professionals and the general population. There is thus a clear need for further research in the area of regional hemotherapy and hematology services, in order to contribute to the definition of regional infection profiles, that will be fundamental to the development of effective prophylactic practises for the prevention of the infection and the dissemination of knowledge on the dangers of HTLV in the community.
Lung Contractive Change in Severe Acute Respiratory Failure Requiring Invasive Ventilation; A Comparison of Features Between Interstitial Lung Disease and Severe Infection
Authors: Nagaoka Kentaro , Yamashita Yu , Oguma Akira , Kimura Hirokazu , Shimizu Kaoruko , Suzuki Masaru , Tsuneta Satonori , Oyama-Manabe Noriko , Takagi Ryo , Yokota Isao , Saito Hitoshi , Wada Takeshi , Kato Hiroki , Morimoto Yuji , Konno Satoshi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Generally, the incidence of irreversible lung injury is considered to be higher in acute respiratory failure due to interstitial lung disease (ILD), compared to those due to severe infection. However, those sub-phenotypes, which follow irreversible lung injury, remain poorly characterized. We aimed to examine their clinical and radiological features, in patients who could not withdraw from ventilation after receiving any treatment (defined as“irreversible respiratory failure”). Methods: Retrospective study including all patients receiving CT evaluation at onset and invasive mechanical ventilation for severe infection or acute ILD, who admitted our institution from April 2013 to May 2019. Participants were divided into Infection group and ILD group according to the dominant cause, and predictors of irreversible respiratory failure were examined among those subjects. In addition, we quantitatively evaluated the changes in lung region volumes and dispersion of grand glass opacity, using automated methods. Results: 31 patients were subdivided to ILD group, whereas 139 patients were subdivided to Infection group. Significantly more subjects in ILD group developed irreversible respiratory failure (n=22; 70.9%), compared to those in Infection group (n=27; 19.4%; p<0.001). With validation of radiological features in those subjects, distinct CT findings, including lung contractive change and non-edematous lung injury (NE-LI), were found in both groups. Lung contractive change was observed with 23 subjects in ILD group (74.2%) and 7 subjects in Infection group (5.0%). Among those, >10% lung volume reduction was confirmed by CT analysis with 19 subjects in ILD group and 4 subjects in Infection group. By multivariate logistic regression analysis, the following factors were found to be strong predictors of irreversible respiratory failure; lung contractive change (odds ratio [OR]=32.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 7.1-150), NE-LI suspicious lesion (OR=13.3; 95% CI [2.9-59]), ILD-dominant respiratory failure (OR=18.4; 95% CI, 4.3-79), multidrug-resistant bacterial- or fungal-infection (OR=6.4; 95% CI, 1.3-31). Conclusions: We demonstrated the presence of sub-phenotypes in acute respiratory failure due to ILD and severe infection, which followed an irreversible course with distinctive radiological features including lung contractive changes.
Εlectrocardiographic and electrophysiological characteristics of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias with acute successful ablation at the anterior portion of the mitral annulus
Authors: Di Chengye , Letsas Konstantinos , Gao Peng , Wang Qun , Wu Yanxi , Lin Wenhua 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: We sought to clarify the electrocardiographic and electrophysiological characteristics of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs), including idiopathic ventricular tachycardia (VT) and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), with acute successful radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) at the anterior portion of the mitral annulus (AP-MA).Methods and Results: Among 437 consecutive patients who presented with VAs for RFCA, twenty-six patients with acute successful RFCA at the AP-MA were included in this study. The ratio of the amplitude of the first positive peak (if present) vs. the nadir in the unipolar electrogram (EGM) was 0.00 – 0.03 (0.00) at the acute successful RFCA site. The time interval between the QRS onset to the maximum descending slope (D-Max) in the unipolar EGM (QRS - Uni) were 18.8 ± 13.6 ms. With bipolar mapping, the V-QRS interval was 3.75 – 17.3 (11) ms, 6 (23.1%) patients showed earliest V-QRS interval of 0 ms, and the other 20 patients (76.9%) showed V-QRS interval of 10-54 ms. The RFCA start-to-effect time was 14.1 ± 7.2 seconds in 23 patients (88.5%). In the remaining 3 patients (11.5%), the mean duration of successful RFCA were not well determined due to infrequent nature of clinical VAs during RFCA. Early (within 3 days) and late (one-year) recurrence rates were 23.1% (6 patients) and 26.9% (7 patients), respectively. The VAs disappeared 3 days later due to delayed RFCA efficacy in 2 patients (7.7%). No complications occurred during RFCA or the one-year follow up.Conclusions: AP-MA VAs are a rare but distinct subgroup of VAs. Bipolar and unipolar EGM features can help to detect the optimal RFCA site, and the QRS - Uni interval may work as a marker for guiding RFCA.
Efficacy and Safety of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Cancer: Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Authors: Cao Bo , Hu Xiaobo , Chen Min , Shen Mingfeng , Xu Lan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundEvidence on the safety and effectiveness of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with cancer is rather limited, so we performed this meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of NOACs with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in real-world patients with AF and cancer. MethodsThe PubMed and Embase databases were searched up to June 2020 for eligible studies. Outputs were presented as risk ratios (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a random-effects model. ResultsA total of five observational studies involving 232,234 cancer patients with AF were included. Compared with VKAs, use of NOACs was associated with decreased risks of stroke or systemic embolism (RR, 0.79; 95% CI 0.69-0.90), ischaemic stroke (RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.72-0.93), venous thromboembolism (VTE) (RR, 0.28; 95% CI 0.14-0.53), all-cause death (RR, 0.57; 95% CI 0.50-0.64), major bleeding (RR, 0.60; 95% CI 0.51-0.72) and intracranial or gastrointestinal bleeding (RR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.51-0.73). In subgroup analysis, all NOACs showed similar rates of stroke or systemic embolism, ischaemic stroke but reduced rates of all-cause death, major bleeding and intracranial or gastrointestinal bleeding compared to VKAs. ConclusionsIn this combined analysis of real-world observational studies, NOACs showed lower risks of stroke or systemic embolism, ischaemic stroke, VTE, all-cause death and reduced rates of major bleeding and intracranial or gastrointestinal bleeding compared to VKAs in patients with AF and cancer.
Profound Decrease of Liver Maximum Function Capacity Test of Isoflurane Sedated Patients: A Report of Three Cases
Authors: Schwier Elke , Kirchner Carmen , Eickmeyer Claas , Winde Günther , Henzler Dietrich , Köhler Thomas 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Recently, inhaled sedation and liver function capacity measurement using 13C-methacetin breath test (LiMAx) have become an integral part of intensive care. The aim of this report is to present the results of LiMAx-testing during isoflurane sedation, which were unexpectedly low. The findings are discussed in view of the available literature.Case presentation: We present a series of three patients in a university hospital surgical intensive care unit who had received inhaled isoflurane sedation by the Anaesthetic Conserving Device after trauma, sepsis or pulmonary hemorrhage. When isoflurane was administered, LiMAx values decreased profoundly (1 to 71 µg/kg/h), indicating significant liver damage. Before and after isoflurane administration, more plausible LiMAx values between 151 and 496 µg/kg/h were obtained, indicating only minor impairment of normal liver function. Neither the progression of the associated laboratory parameters (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, international normalized ration, creatinine, bilirubin, lactate) nor the clinical condition (absence of ascites, hepatic coagulation disorders or icterus) were suggestive of temporary liver damage of this severity.Conclusion: Measurement of enzymatic liver function capacity is practicable in intensive care patients and may help to determine liver function in different conditions. Unexpectedly low LiMAx values in isoflurane sedated patients may be caused by reduced cytochrome P450(CYP)1A2 enzyme activity due to a severe disease pattern, or by interaction of isoflurane with CYP1A2 or with the breath test itself. We propose that, until the breath test on enzymatic liver function has been validated in the critical care setting, LiMAx-test results should be interpreted with caution in patients sedated with isoflurane.
A New Medium Access Control Mechanism for Energy Optimization in WSN: Traffic Control and Data Priority Scheme
Authors: Bouazzi imen , Zaidi Monji , Usman Mohammed , Shamim M.Z 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Over the last few years, energy optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has drawn the attention of both the research community and actual users. Sensor nodes are powered by attached batteries that are considered as a critical aspect of sensor nodes design. Besides, the constraint of the limited battery capacity is associated with the concern on how to reduce the energy consumption of nodes to extend the network lifetime. In this context, the purpose of this study is to implement an adaptive Medium Access Control (MAC) for energy saving and traffic control enhancement. This program was designed to arrange nodes into two priority groups according to their traffic rate and data transmission packet delay. This fuzzy algorithm depends on their queue length where it is implemented into the Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) algorithm. However, other types of nodes should send their data during the Contention Free Period (CFP) with a GTS reallocation scheme. Those nodes are classified as low priority access to the medium and their data transmission is scheduled using time division multiple access methods. Moreover, this proposed scheme dynamically adjusts the Contention Access Period (CAP) length to ensure that nodes can complete their data transmission during the same super-frame. Simulation results are done using the Network Simulator tool (NS-2) and it has improved efficiency regarding the IEEE-802.15.4 standard.