bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PagGRF12a interacts with PagGIF1b to regulate secondary xylem development through modulating PagXND1a expression in Populus alba × P. glandulosa
Authors: Wang Jinnan , Zhou Houjun , Zhao Yanqiu , Jiang Cheng , Li Jihong , Tang Fang , Liu Yingli , Zhao Shutang , Hu Jianjun , Song Xueqin , Lu Meng‐Zhu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGrowth‐regulating factors (GRFs) are important regulators of plant development and growth, but their possible roles in xylem development in woody plants remain unclear. Here, we report that Populus alba × Papulus glandulosa PagGRF12a negatively regulates xylem development in poplar. PagGRF12a is expressed in vascular tissues. Compared to non‐transgenic control plants, transgenic poplar plants overexpressing PagGRF12a exhibited reduced xylem width and plants with repressed expression of PagGRF12a exhibited increased xylem width. Xylem NAC domain 1 (XND1) encodes a NAC domain transcription factor that regulates xylem development and transcriptional analyses revealed that PagXND1a is highly upregulated in PagGRF12a‐overexpressing plants and downregulated in PagGRF12a‐suppressed plants, indicating that PagGRF12a may regulate xylem development through PagXND1a. Transient transcriptional assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation‐polymerase chain reaction assays confirmed that PagGRF12a directly upregulates PagXND1a. In addition, PagGRF12a interacts with the GRF‐Interacting Factor (GIF) PagGIF1b, and this interaction enhances the effects of PagGRF12a on PagXND1a. Our results indicate that PagGRF12a inhibits xylem development by upregulating the expression of PagXND1a.
Personalized video consent in Blepharoplasty: A new paradigm in the preoperative consent giving process
Authors: Shome Debraj , Doshi Komal , Vadera Sapna , Kumar Vaibhav , Vyavahare Supriya S. , Kapoor Rinky 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundInformed consent is not simply the signing of a form by the patient but more significantly, a process of an in‐depth communication between the doctor and the patient.AimThe written informed consent process typically involves reading a lengthy document involving the medical terms which at times lead to misinterpretation. Therefore, the current research envisages assessing the effectiveness and acceptability of the video consent tool athwart the traditional written consent procedure.MethodsA retrospective questionnaire study was carried out with 30 patients posted for Blepharoplasty surgery between ages of 18–50 years. They were divided into two groups randomly. All the participants were given written consent. Video consent was taken additionally for group 2 subjects. All the participants received pre‐validated questionnaire. The evaluation scale used was a 5‐point Likert scale.ResultsPeople with video consent group were more satisfied with the consent process. It was noted that all the patients who received video consent were happier and understood the consent process better than patients with written consent only.ConclusionThe inference drawn from our study depicts that video consent is not just easy to understand and clarifies the doubts associated with the surgery but also significantly reduces the anxiety of the patient preoperatively. Also, in other ‘quality of life’ improving cosmetic procedures including rhinoplasty, face lift surgeries, jaw surgeries, botox, fillers, lasers etc., video consenting tool can be used to a maximum benefit. It is strongly recommended to adopt the practice of taking video consent format in all forms of cosmetic procedures.
The effect of reinforcing an educational programme using telephone follow‐up on health‐related quality of life of individuals using warfarin: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Manzato Rafaela de Oliveira , Ciol Marcia A. , Bolela Fabiana , Dessotte Carina Aparecida Marosti , Rossi Lídia Aparecida , Dantas Rosana Aparecida Spadoti 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of reinforcing an educational programme through telephone follow‐up on health‐related quality of life and anxiety and depression symptoms in individuals starting warfarin therapy.BackgroundEducational interventions have improved quality of life in individuals using warfarin. Few studies have examined the addition of telephone follow‐up to enhance educational interventions.DesignRandomised controlled trial in outpatient setting.MethodsHospitalised adults starting warfarin therapy who agreed to participate received an educational programme about the warfarin treatment. At discharge, they were randomised to receive either five telephone follow‐up calls (intervention) or no telephone calls (controls). Both groups were evaluated for health‐related quality of life (using Duke Anticoagulation Satisfaction Scale) and symptoms of anxiety and depression (using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) at three and six months post‐discharge. Groups were compared at each time by independent‐samples t test, and over time by repeated‐measures analysis of variance, with time (three and six months), groups (intervention and control) and an interaction between time and group as factors. Level of significance was set at 0.05. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials was used for reporting.ResultsFifty‐two individuals (26 per group) completed the study. There were no statistical differences between groups in health‐related quality of life, anxiety and depression symptoms, at both times post‐discharge. Participants who received follow‐up telephone calls reported better positive psychological impact (a subscale of quality of life) than controls.ConclusionsReinforcing an educational programme with telephone follow‐ups did not have an overall effect on health‐related quality of life of individuals using warfarin but promoted positive psychological impact.Relevance to clinical practiceThe low cost of reinforcing educational programmes with telephone calls and the improvement in positive psychological aspects indicate that this type of intervention is still a promising intervention that could be further investigated and improved.
ENIGMA‐Sleep: Challenges, opportunities, and the road map
Authors: Tahmasian Masoud , Aleman André , Andreassen Ole A. , Arab Zahra , Baillet Marion , Benedetti Francesco , Bresser Tom , Bright Joanna , Chee Michael W.L. , Chylinski Daphne , Cheng Wei , Deantoni Michele , Dresler Martin , Eickhoff Simon B. , Eickhoff Claudia R. , Elvsåshagen Torbjørn , Feng Jianfeng , Foster‐Dingley Jessica C. , Ganjgahi Habib , Grabe Hans J. , Groenewold Nynke A. , Ho Tiffany C. , Bong Hong Seung , Houenou Josselin , Irungu Benson , Jahanshad Neda , Khazaie Habibolah , Kim Hosung , Koshmanova Ekaterina , Kocevska Desi , Kochunov Peter , Lakbila‐Kamal Oti , Leerssen Jeanne , Li Meng , Luik Annemarie I. , Muto Vincenzo , Narbutas Justinas , Nilsonne Gustav , O’Callaghan Victoria S. , Olsen Alexander , Osorio Ricardo S. , Poletti Sara , Poudel Govinda , Reesen Joyce E. , Reneman Liesbeth , Reyt Mathilde , Riemann Dieter , Rosenzweig Ivana , Rostampour Masoumeh , Saberi Amin , Schiel Julian , Schmidt Christina , Schrantee Anouk , Sciberras Emma , Silk Tim J. , Sim Kang , Smevik Hanne , Soares Jair C. , Spiegelhalder Kai , Stein Dan J. , Talwar Puneet , Tamm Sandra , Teresi Giana l. , Valk Sofie L. , Van Someren Eus , Vandewalle Gilles , Van Egroo Maxime , Völzke Henry , Walter Martin , Wassing Rick , Weber Frederik D. , Weihs Antoine , Westlye Lars Tjelta , Wright Margaret J. , Wu Mon‐Ju , Zak Nathalia , Zarei Mojtaba 
Published: April 2021

SummaryNeuroimaging and genetics studies have advanced our understanding of the neurobiology of sleep and its disorders. However, individual studies usually have limitations to identifying consistent and reproducible effects, including modest sample sizes, heterogeneous clinical characteristics and varied methodologies. These issues call for a large‐scale multi‐centre effort in sleep research, in order to increase the number of samples, and harmonize the methods of data collection, preprocessing and analysis using pre‐registered well‐established protocols. The Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta‐Analysis (ENIGMA) consortium provides a powerful collaborative framework for combining datasets across individual sites. Recently, we have launched the ENIGMA‐Sleep working group with the collaboration of several institutes from 15 countries to perform large‐scale worldwide neuroimaging and genetics studies for better understanding the neurobiology of impaired sleep quality in population‐based healthy individuals, the neural consequences of sleep deprivation, pathophysiology of sleep disorders, as well as neural correlates of sleep disturbances across various neuropsychiatric disorders. In this introductory review, we describe the details of our currently available datasets and our ongoing projects in the ENIGMA‐Sleep group, and discuss both the potential challenges and opportunities of a collaborative initiative in sleep medicine.
Reaching trans women in San Francisco for efforts to eliminate hepatitis C
Authors: Hernandez Christopher J. , Trujillo Dillon , Turner Caitlin M. , Sicro Sofia , Meza Joaquin , Bella Mackie , Daza Emperatriz , Torres Francisco , McFarland Willi , Wilson Erin C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHepatitis C infections continue to rise among marginalized communities, including among transgender people. Efforts to eliminate hepatitis C from San Francisco require successful identification of active HCV infections among transgender women and subsequent treatment of infection. This secondary analysis of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Transgender Women (NHBS‐Trans) Study aims to identify areas of improvement in the hepatitis C care cascade and associated barriers that preclude successful treatment. One hundred and eighty (89.6%) trans women reported being previously screened for HCV, 47 (26.1%) reported being diagnosed with HCV, twenty‐eight of the 47 (59.6%) who reported HCV diagnosis also reported that they received HCV treatment, with and 24 of the 28 (85.7%) reported completing their treatment. Overall, we detected HCV antibodies among 23.9% of participants and detected HCV RNA among 6.0%. This suggests that despite improvements in screening for HCV, active cases may not be successfully treated. Efforts to reduce barriers to HCV care should be prioritized, with heightened consideration for trans‐specific needs.
Inhibition of hepatitis E virus replication by zinc‐finger antiviral Protein synergizes with IFN‐β
Authors: Yu Wenhai , Ji Hanbin , Long Feiyan , Chen Shuangfeng , He Qiuxia , Xia Yueping , Cong Chao , Yang Chenchen , Wei Daqiao , Huang Fen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide. However, host–HEV interactions have yet to be fully understood. Zinc‐finger antiviral protein (ZAP) is a novel interferon (IFN)‐stimulated gene product that inhibits a variety of viruses in synergy with IFN‐β. To evaluate the role of ZAP in HEV infection, its expressions in HEV‐infected patients and in cell cultures were measured. We report a significant inhibition of ZAP expression in patients with HEV genotype four acute infection. The expression of ZAP in the HEV life cycle was monitored in cultures of HEV‐infected cells. Results indicated that the ZAP level decreased significantly after HEV infection. ZAP over‐expression inhibited HEV replication, whereas its knockdown by RNA interference significantly increased HEV RNA. These suggest that ZAP serves as an antiviral in HEV infection. Moreover, silencing ZAP decreased IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) phosphorylation in HEV‐infected cells treated with poly(I:C), indicating that ZAP synergizes with IFN‐β. In conclusion, ZAP is an important anti‐HEV host factor and in synergy with IFN‐β, inhibits HEV replication.
Diagnostic accuracy of fibrosis tests in children with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review
Authors: Draijer Laura G. , van Oosterhout Janneke P. M. , Vali Yasaman , Zwetsloot Sabrina , van der Lee Johanna H. , van Etten‐Jamaludin Faridi S. , Chegary Malika , Benninga Marc A. , Koot Bart G. P. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground & AimsNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease in children. Even at young age, it can progress to liver fibrosis. Given the drawbacks of liver biopsy, there is a need for non‐invasive methods to accurately stage liver fibrosis in this age group. In this systematic review, we evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of non‐invasive methods for staging liver fibrosis in children with NAFLD.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library, for studies that evaluated the performance of a blood‐based biomarker, prediction score or imaging technique in staging liver fibrosis in children with NAFLD, using liver biopsy as the reference standard.ResultsTwenty studies with a total of 1787 NAFLD subjects were included, which evaluated three prediction scores, five simple biomarkers, two combined biomarkers and six imaging techniques. Most studies lacked validation. Substantial heterogeneity of studies and limited available study data precluded a meta‐analysis of the few fibrosis tests evaluated in more than one study. The most consistent accuracy data were found for transient elastography by FibroScan®, ELF test and ultrasound elastography, with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve varying between 0.92 and 1.00 for detecting significant fibrosis.ConclusionDue to the lack of validation, the accuracy and clinical utility of non‐invasive fibrosis tests in children with NAFLD remains uncertain. As studies have solely been performed in tertiary care settings, accuracy data cannot directly be translated to screening populations.
Environmental specialization and cryptic genetic divergence in two massive coral species from the Florida Keys Reef Tract
Authors: Rippe John P. , Dixon Groves , Fuller Zachary L. , Liao Yi , Matz Mikhail 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBroadcast‐spawning coral species have wide geographical ranges spanning strong environmental gradients, but it is unclear how much spatially varying selection these gradients actually impose. Strong divergent selection might present a considerable barrier for demographic exchange between disparate reef habitats. We investigated whether the cross‐shelf gradient is associated with spatially varying selection in two common coral species, Montastraea cavernosa and Siderastrea siderea, in the Florida Keys. To this end, we generated a de novo genome assembly for M. cavernosa and used 2bRAD to genotype 20 juveniles and 20 adults of both species from each of the three reef zones to identify signatures of selection occurring within a single generation. Unexpectedly, each species was found to be composed of four genetically distinct lineages, with gene flow between them still ongoing but highly reduced in 13.0%–54.7% of the genome. Each species includes two sympatric lineages that are only found in the deep (20 m) habitat, while the other lineages are found almost exclusively on the shallower reefs (3–10 m). The two “shallow” lineages of M. cavernosa are also specialized for either nearshore or offshore: comparison between adult and juvenile cohorts indicates that cross‐shelf migrants are more than twice as likely to die before reaching adulthood than local recruits. S. siderea and M. cavernosa are among the most ecologically successful species on the Florida Keys Reef Tract, and this work offers important insight into the genomic background of divergent selection and environmental specialization that may in part explain their resilience and broad environmental range.
The discursive transformation of grief throughout history
Authors: Gravesen Janni Dahlgaard , Birkelund Regner 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn recent decades, the phenomenon of grief, when you lose a loved one, has been the subject of exploration and discussion among researchers. Because of this, prolonged grief is now recognized as a possible mental disorder as the latest version of the diagnosis manual; ‘International Classification of Diseases’ (ICD‐11) being published in 2018 is featuring a new diagnosis called ‘prolonged grief disorder’. The commencement of this new disorder indicates a shift in the way grief is being articulated why the notion of rupture from the French philosopher Michel Foucault is applied as a philosophical approach in this paper. A Foucault‐inspired discourse analysis has been prepared and by considering the issue historically and tracing how the concept of grief has been articulated in different time periods throughout history, the aim is to map out the discursive transformation that has taken place and to gain insight into how the societal context has supported and enabled this transformation. This paper takes a historical look back from the 1800s to present and identifies when changes can be observed in the way grief is being articulated. These changes or ruptures are identified in the work of Søren Aabye Kierkegaard, Sigmund Freud and Margaret Stroebe & Henk Schut who all must be assumed to have contributed significantly to how grief is perceived in various historical time periods. The discourse analysis identifies how prominent thinkers have articulated grief in each period and how today's perception of grief, as a possible mental disorder, both relates to these prominent thinkers but also reflects dominant societal values and ideologies.
Neural correlates of nonjudgmental perception induced through meditation
Authors: Katyal Sucharit , Goldin Philippe 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAmbiguous sensory stimuli provide insight into the dynamics of the human mind. When viewing substantially different images in the two eyes (i.e., binocular rivalry (BR)), perception spontaneously fluctuates between the two images along with patch‐like mixtures of the two, with limited ability to control such fluctuations. Previous studies have shown that long‐term meditation training can enable a more stable perception by reducing such fluctuations. Using electroencephalography, we investigated the neural bases of perceptual stabilization in long‐term meditators (LTMs) and age‐matched meditation‐naive control participants. We measured BR alternations before and after participants practiced meditation. We expected that perceptual stabilization through meditation could occur via one of two neurocognitive mechanisms: (1) a more engaged/effortful attention reflected by increased long‐range phase synchronization between early visual sensory and higher‐level brain regions, or (2) a disengaged/nonevaluative form of attention reflected by decreased phase synchronization. We found that compared with control participants, LTMs were in a significantly longer mixed perceptual state following concentrative meditation practice. The increase in mixed percepts across individuals was strongly correlated with reduced parietal–occipital gamma‐band (30–50 Hz) phase synchrony. These findings suggest that concentrative meditation enables a nonevaluative perceptual stance supported by reduced communication between hierarchical visual brain regions.
Gestational diabetes and childhood asthma in a racially diverse US pregnancy cohort
Authors: Adgent Margaret A. , Gebretsadik Tebeb , Reedus Jada , Graves Cornelia , Garrison Etoi , Bush Nicole , Davis Robert , LeWinn Kaja Z. , Tylavsky Frances , Carroll Kecia N. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundChildhood asthma is a common chronic disease that likely has prenatal origins. Gestational diabetes alters maternal physiology and may influence fetal risk for childhood‐onset disease. However, the association between gestational diabetes and child asthma is not well characterized.ObjectiveTo investigate the association between gestational diabetes and wheeze/asthma at approximately 4 years of age in a racially diverse US cohort.MethodsWe studied mother‐child dyads enrolled prenatally in the Conditions Affecting Neurocognitive Development and Learning in Early Childhood study. Gestational diabetes was determined by medical chart review. At approximately 4 years of age, we assessed child respiratory outcomes including parent report of physician‐diagnosed asthma (ever), current wheeze (symptoms within the past 12 months), and current asthma (physician diagnosis and/or medication or symptoms within the past 12 months). We used the modified Poisson regression to assess associations between gestational diabetes and child respiratory outcomes, adjusting for maternal age, race, prenatal smoking, pre‐pregnancy body mass index, parity, asthma history, socioeconomic status, and infant sex.ResultsAmong 1107 women, 66% were African American/Black. Six percent (n = 62) had gestational diabetes documented during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes was associated with increased risk of physician‐diagnosed asthma (adjusted risk ratio (RR) [95% Confidence Interval]: 2.13 [1.35, 3.38]; prevalence: 14%), current wheeze (RR: 1.85 [1.23, 2.78]; prevalence: 19%), and current asthma (RR: 2.01 [1.30, 3.10]; prevalence: 16%).ConclusionsGestational diabetes was associated with increased risk of asthma and wheeze outcomes. Additional studies are needed to elucidate modifiable pathways underlying this association.
Comparison of levetiracetam versus phenytoin/fosphenytoin for busulfan seizure prophylaxis at a pediatric institution
Authors: Hughes Kaitlynn , Garrity Lisa , Nelson Adam S. , Lane Adam , Teusink‐Cross Ashley 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionBusulfan is a chemotherapy agent used in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) conditioning regimens. Busulfan is associated with tonic‐clonic seizures in ~10% of patients if administered without seizure prophylaxis. Historically, phenytoin was the most commonly utilized seizure prophylaxis agent; however, phenytoin is associated with CYP450 drug interactions and potentially increases the clearance of busulfan. Levetiracetam is being used more recently for busulfan seizure prophylaxis and is not associated with drug‐drug interactions; however, data supporting use in pediatric patients are limited. The primary objective is to determine whether there is any difference in seizure rates or safety profile between phenytoin and levetiracetam when used for seizure prophylaxis.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review including patients who received busulfan between 2010 and 2019 were identified. The data were evaluated to compare the incidence of busulfan‐induced seizures in HSCT patients receiving either phenytoin or levetiracetam and to determine the impact of drug‐drug interactions on treatment outcomes/adverse events.ResultsA total of 342 patients were included with a median age of six years. Overall, five patients within the phenytoin group (n = 126) (4%) and zero patients in the levetiracetam group (n = 216) experienced a seizure (P = .007). There were no differences in liver enzyme elevations, recurrence rates of primary disease, and veno‐occlusive disease.ConclusionLevetiracetam is effective at preventing seizures associated with busulfan administration with no clinically significant adverse effects when compared to phenytoin.