bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of sausages affected by reduction and partial substitution of pork backfat with pre-emulsified soybean oil
Authors: Prabsangob N. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractImprovement of nutritive profile of pork sausages was performed by fat reduction and partial substitution of backfat with soybean oil (SBO). The control sausage was made from pork backfat. For the studied samples, SBO in native and pre-emulsified forms was used for partial substitution of backfat at 25% (by wt of backfat) to produce sausages with various fat contents (30, 20, and 10%). Discontinuity of protein matrix could be observed with increasing fat content, especially for addition of pork backfat. Improvement on product stability could be achieved using SBO, especially pre-emulsified form, to partially replace animal fat. Better dispersibility of the SBO droplets through the meat matrix compared to backfat globules was suggested by the greater continuity in the microstructure of the sausages with SBO. For the sausages supplemented with pre-emulsified SBO, the non-meat protein used as emulsifier could further strengthen the protein network, thereby resulting in enhanced product stability and retained textural attributes of the sausages. The fish protein isolate presently employed as emulsifier to prepare SBO emulsion could be promisingly used to produce more nutritive sausages by providing adequate stability.
Social media and unhealthy food nexus: Evidence from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aldossari N. , Al-Mahish M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study assesses consumers' preference for food from social media on a sample of 510 respondents from the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia using the Best-Worst Scaling method. The findings of the study conclude that unhealthy and nutrient-poor food items are more preferred than healthy and nutrient-rich food items. The study recommends that the food and drug authority should intervene to increase consumers' awareness about the effect of unhealthy food items by creating social media accounts to warn consumers about the health outcomes of consuming certain unhealthy foods marketed through social media platforms.
Inhibitory effect of oleanolic acid on non-enzymatic glycation and glycometabolism in insulin resistant HepG2 cells
Authors: Xie Z.K. , Yu S.Y. , He M. , Yu S.X. , Xiao H.F. , Song Y.D. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we studied the inhibitory effect of oleanolic acid (OA) on non-enzymatic glycosylation and the improvement of glycometabolism in insulin resistant (IR) human liver tumour (HepG2) cells. The anti-glycosylation activity of OA was determined by bovine serum albumin (BSA) fructose model. The results showed that OA moderately inhibited the formation of the intermediates of non-enzymatic glycosylation, fructosamine and α-dicarbonyl compounds, and strongly inhibited the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In addition, we analysed the effect of OA on glycometabolism induced by palmitic acid (PA) in HepG2 cells. The results showed that OA had almost no impact on HepG2 cell viability at concentrations lower than 30 µM. With the increase of OA concentration, glucose production in IR HepG2 cells decreased, while glycogen content increased. Meanwhile, OA has a significant inhibitory effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in IR-HepG2 cells. Those results suggested that OA could be a promising natural blood glucose decreasing substance in the pharmaceutical and functional food industries.
Color Symbolism in the Works by Raphael and Mozart
Authors: Prokhorenkova Svetlana 
Published: February 2021

Color symbolism in the works by Raphael and Mozart has not been studied thoroughly enough yet due to the complexity of this topic. The basis for the analysis of Raphael’s and Mozart’s creative approaches was G.V. Chicherin’s method, aimed at revealing common and different aspects in them. The researcher has discovered internal relations between works of various kinds of art, between art and philosophy more than once. Famous poets and composers (A. Pushkin, J.W. Goethe, F. List) and also art experts and philosophers have studied Raphael’s and Mozart’s creative ideas and wrote fundamental works dedicated to various aspects of the artist’s and composer’s artwork. According to J.W. Goethe’s and F. List’s studies, Raphael’s and Mozart’s creations appear to be congenial. Romantic poets and artists took up Goethe’s and List’s ideas and developed them in their own fashion. E.T.A. Hoffmann was the first to pay attention to color symbolism in Mozart’s works, and the coloration of Raphael’s paintings influenced K. Bryullov. In the 20th century, G.V. Chicherin and H. Abert made their contribution to investigating a possible interrelation between Raphael’s and Mozarts’ works of art. In the article, the author considers an interpretation of the color on the fresco «The School of Athens» by Raphael and also in the songs and operas by Mozart.
The Southern Star/La Estrella del Sur: zona de contacto bilingüe y traducción en la prensa temprana de Montevideo (1807)
Authors: Lázaro Igoa Rosario 
Published: February 2021

The Southern Star/La Estrella del Sur, primer periódico uruguayo, fue fundado durante las “Invasiones Inglesas” y duró de mayo a julio de 1807. Tenía formato bilingüe inglés-español y no era dirigido de manera explícita por los invasores. Este trabajo analiza la naturaleza bilingüe del periódico y la relación de las operaciones de traducción, entendida aquí como transediting, con los condicionamientos mediáticos y materiales del órgano de prensa: colaboraciones, formato y características ortotipográficas. Teniendo en cuenta que el periódico no era dirigido necesariamente a un lector que leyera en los dos idiomas, se busca determinar hasta qué punto el inglés y el español funcionan como dos dominios independientes, al tiempo que la dimensión material de la página impresa los aúna. De esta forma, buscamos demostrar que el aparente descuido y la omisión de fragmentos literarios en la traducción del inglés al español responde a una línea editorial consciente de la importancia de la traducción, y que la omisión es consecuencia de una figuración específica del lector en español. Para desarrollar esto, en el artículo primero se discuten los antecedentes críticos sobre el bilingüismo y sobre la traducción en este periódico; luego, se las características generales de la relación que establece el bilingüismo, para finalmente analizar las estrategias de traducción en las citas literarias, la red de colaboradores, sobre todo en poesía, y el metadiscurso acerca de la traducción en fragmentos del texto periodístico.
“Sobre las traducciones". El pensamiento traductológico británico en Chile a partir de una traducción de Andrés Bello (1838)
Authors: Soltmann Claudio 
Published: February 2021

El trabajo que se presenta aquí estudia el contexto de producción de una traducción de autoría de Andrés Bello. El texto fuente es una reseña del abogado escocés George Moir, publicada en The Edinburgh Review (1837), de una traducción inglesa de una obra de Schiller, que abarca, de manera preliminar, aspectos del pensamiento traductológico en Europa, a través de la obra de traductores como Dryden, Pope y Schlegel. Los extractos de la reseña fueron traducidos para el periódico chileno El Araucano (en agosto de 1838), en un artículo sin firma, con el título de “Sobre las traducciones”. El cotejo de esta traducción con el texto original permite perfilar la autoría de Bello, por ejemplo, con relación a las estrategias que adoptó para traducir el texto al castellano, que posibilitan apreciar los gestos irónicos indirectos presentes en su traducción. Estas ayudan a delimitar la evolución de su pensamiento respecto a la práctica de traducir. Se concluye que esta traducción inédita de Bello sería el primer caso de divulgación, en la prensa chilena del siglo xix, del pensamiento traductológico.
La relación entre liquidez, rentabilidad y solvencia: Una investigación empírica por el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales
Authors: Terreno Dante Domingo , Peréz Jorge Orlando , Sattler Silvana Andrea 
Published: February 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la relación de la liquidez con la rentabilidad y solvencia en empresas que cotizan en el Mercado de Valores de Buenos Aires, por el Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales. Los resultados indican que las empresas con mayor capital corriente tienen una mayor rentabilidad, lo cual obedece a una actitud cortoplacista del empresario argentino donde la mayor inversión es efectuada en inventarios. La relación entre liquidez y el endeudamiento a largo plazo es negativa, las empresas con mayor endeudamiento de largo plazo tienen un menor capital corriente. Lo cual obedece a que el costo de los pasivos obliga a reducir al mínimo el activo corriente y, además, las empresas con necesidad de financiamiento utilizan fuentes de largo y corto plazo.
Viral infection of spermatozoa. Part 1. Hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus (review)
Authors: Bragina E. E. 
Published: February 2021

Intragametal viral infection of spermatozoa can cause true vertical transmission of viruses through germ cells. Currently, human papilloma-virus, including oncogenic risk strains, and hepatitis B virus, have been detected in spermatozoa. The possibility of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus has been proven.Intragametal infection of spermatozoa with viruses of human papillomavirus and hepatitis B virus leads to abnormalities in the development of the embryo and can cause spontaneous abortions both duringnatural conception and when using assisted reproductive technologies.The development of adequate methods for diagnosing an intragametal spermatozoa virus infection will make it possible to find out, at least in some patients, the cause of infertility and pregnancy abnormalities and apply appropriate antiviral therapy in preparation for natural conception or the use of assisted reproductive technologies.
Viral infection of sperm. Part 2. Human herpes viruses, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, Zika virus (review)
Authors: Bragina E. E. 
Published: February 2021

Intragametal viral infection of spermatozoa can cause true vertical transmission of viruses through germ cells. Currently, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C viruses, herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, Zika virus have been detected in spermatozoa. The possibility of vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus and Zika virus has been proven.Intragametal infection of spermatozoa with viruses of the herpes group leads to abnormalities in the development of the embryo and can cause spontaneous abortions both during natural conception and when using assisted reproductive technologies.The development of adequate methods for diagnosing an intragametal spermatozoa virus infection will make it possible to find out, at least in some patients, the cause of infertility and pregnancy abnormalities and apply appropriate antiviral therapy in preparation for natural conception or the use of assisted reproductive technologies.
The concentration of androgens and estrogens in benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Roitberg G. E. , Mkrtchyan K. G. , Kulchenko N. G. 
Published: February 2021

Background. The etiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has not been fully studied. The main role in the induction of prostate tissue proliferation is assigned to the metabolism of testosterone. Recently, it has been reported that one of the risk factors for BPH is a chronic violation of the blood supply to the prostate.The study objective is to determine the level of reproductive hormones in blood serum and prostate tissue when creating a model of chronic ischemia.Materials and methods. The model of chronic pelvic ischemia was created in 10 white non-linear mature rats by partial ligation of the inferior vena cava. The control group of the study consisted of 10 male rats of the same age. After 1.5 months, we performed a hormonal study in all rats (n = 20) determining the concentration of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and estradiol in the blood and prostate tissue. Also, in all animals (n = 20), a morphological study of the prostate was performed.Results. We’ve found a significant increase in prostate mass in the main group of rats by 16.4 % (p <0.05). Animals with BPH and impaired blood supply to the prostate had changes in their hormonal status: increased levels of testosterone (p <0.05) and dihydrotestosterone (p >0.05) in the prostate tissue.Conclusion. Long-term ischemic disorders in the prostate may be a trigger factor for the development of BPH due to an increase in the concentration of testosterone.
Erythropoietin level in normal and abnormal human seminal fluid
Authors: Sosnin D. Yu. , Galkovich K. R. , Krivtsov1 A. V. 
Published: February 2021

Background.There are not enough publications devoted to the study of erythropoietin in human sperm. According to the results of these studies, the erythropoietin takes part in the regulation of spermatogenesis, affecting the synthesis of hormones, in particular steroid ones. Currently, the physiological and pathogenetic effects of erythropoietin on human ejaculate have not been thoroughly studied. In this regard, the study of this protein in the ejaculate in patients with diseases of the male reproductive system, as well as in their absence, is relevant.The study objectiveis to determine the concentration of erythropoietin in ejaculate samples of healthy and men with oligoastenozoospermia.Materials and methods.Samples of ejaculate of 52 men of reproductive age were examined. The ejaculate was examined using the SQA-V sperm analyzer (MES, Israel). According to the results of the study, two groups were identified: the main group (n = 18) with reduced fertility and the control group (n = 34) with normal spermogram indicators. In seminal plasma samples, the concentration of erythropoietin was determined by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay using the test system “Erythropoietin-IFA-BEST” (A-8776) (Vector-best LLC, Russia).Results.Erythropoietin was detected in all ejaculate samples, the results ranged from 9.37 to 193.95 mME / ml and varied 20.7 times (p = 0.3). The median concentration in the main group was 64.49 mME / ml (41.96; 118.16 mME / ml) and 1.36 times higher than the results of the comparison group, which were 47.16 mME / ml (18.15; 90.94 mME / ml). No statistically significant regularities were found between the concentration of erythropoietin and the indicators of ejaculate fertility (r <|0,3|).Conclusion.In oligoastenozoospermia, there is a tendency to increase the content of erythropoietin in the seminal plasma, which requires further research, taking into account a more detailed stratification of the groups examined for reasons that caused a decrease in the number of spermatozoa.
Rare variant of ovotesticular disorder of sex development diagnosed due to injury-induced rupture of the reproductive gland in a patient with SRY-negative 46,ХХ karyotype (clinical case)
Authors: Okulov A. B. , Volodko E. A. , Latyshev O. Yu. , Godlevsky D. N. , Timokhovich E. V. , Mirakov K. K. , Nikitin K. S. , Anikiev A. V. 
Published: February 2021

The clinical case of a rare variant of disorder of sex development (DSD) is described. This disorder was diagnosed with an emergency operation for the traumatic rupture of the gonad. A patient (14 years old) with a male phenotype and lack of muller duct derivatives had a female SRY negative karyotype (46,XX) and an ovotesticular gonad structure as a result of duplication in the regulatory zone of the SOX9 gene. Ovotesticular disorders of sex development with karyotype 46,XX, as a rule, are accompanied by an ambiguous genitalia and derivatives of the muller structures. Early diagnosis of the described variant of DSD was difficult due to the development of male type genitalia. Timely identification of DSD including the presented option of DSD, is possible during routine examinations of the urologist with mandatory ultrasound examination of the scrotum and pelvis.
A RIPENESS STUDY OF OIL PALM FRESH FRUIT AT THE BUNCH DIFFERENT POSITIONS
Authors: Sinambela Rismen 
Published: February 2021

The paper aims to study the position of the optimum oil palm ripeness at the bunch different positions. This information is essential to complete a measurement procedure to detect oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB) maturity so that the detection devices can directly measure the optimal mature position as a representative of the entire FFB characteristics. In this study, the oil palm FFB (Elaeis guineensis Jacq. var. tenera) with the various ripeness stages (4 until 22 weeks after anthesis) were collected and divided from three positions, i.e., proximal, central and distal. Moreover, each fruit in each of these positions was subjected to sample preparation to identify water and oil content. The water and oil content were completed based on the oven test method and the Soxhlet extraction technique, respectively. The optimum ripeness position is determined based on the lowest water content and the highest oil content. Based on the analysis, during the process of oil palm maturation occurs a decrease in water content and an increase in oil content. In addition, the average water content of palm fruit varies greatly depending on its position based on the analysis, i.e., proximal (45.38±5.62%), central (35.30±3.34%) and distal (41.98±2.57%). The average oil content of oil palm fruit in the central position is higher oil content (25.10±1.72%) compared to the proximal (10.00±0.77%) and distal position (13.77±1.22%). We suspect that the chemical content differences of palm fruit in various positions are due to the inequality of the respiration rate and ethylene production throughout FFB. In addition, overall it can be concluded that the fruit in the central FFB position has an optimal ripeness level compared to the proximal and distal position. Thus, the measurement position recommended in evaluating palm maturity is at the central position of FFB.
Pengaruh Amplitudo Ultrasonik dan Waktu Ekstraksi Terhadap Rendemen dan Mutu Oleoresin Pala
Authors: Budiastra I Wayan , Mardjan Sutrisno Suro , Azis Ahmuhardi Abdul 
Published: February 2021

Nutmeg oleoresin is one of the nutmeg derivative products with high values produced from the extraction process. The conventional extraction process using maceration takes a long time so that it is less suitable for industries needs. This study aims to examine the UAE direct sonication method for increasing yield and quality of nutmeg eleoresin. Nutmeg with optimal maturity level were harvested, dried and milled into 60 mesh particle size. Nutmeg powder of 200 g was placed in beaker glass filled with etanol 800 ml (material and solvent ratio 1:4) and UAE was carried out using a sonicator with a frequency of 20 kHz and power of 700 W. Four ultrasound amplitude levels (45, 60, 75, 90%) and four levels of extraction time (30, 45, 60, 75 minutes) were taken as UAE treatments. Extraction using maceration at room temperature for 7 hours was done as control. The results showed that the greater the amplitude of the ultrasound, the higher the yield of nutmeg oleoresin. The longer the extraction time, the higher the yield of nutmeg oleoresin. Ultrasonic assisted extraction can increase nutmeg oleoresin yield by 11 to 52% and faster time (<= 1,25 hour) than maceration extraction method (7 hours).
Effect of Feeding Quails with Mixture Feeds Composed of Crab Waste Meal, Leubim Fish Waste Meal, and Broken Rice Grains as Partly Substitution of Commercial Diet on Egg Quality
Authors: Zulfan Zulfan , Latif Herawati , Fitri Cut Aida , Aswita Evi 
Published: February 2021

In rearing quails, many attempts have been done to reduce feed cost among other things by replacing partly commercial diet with numerous alternative feed sources such as crab waste meal (CWM), leubim fish (Canthidermis maculata) waste meal (LFWM), and broken rice grains (BRG). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using a mixture feeds composed of CWM + LFWM + BRG as a substitute for commercial laying chicken diets on the quality of quail eggs. This research was conducted at the Field Laboratory of Animal Husbandry and the Laboratory of Poultry Production Science, Syiah Kuala University. This study used 80 female quails (Coturnix-coturnix japonica) females aged 4 weeks. The treatment was feeding quails with the commercial diet of laying hen (324-1M) of which 0, 10, 20, and 30% of the diets was substituted by the mixture feeds composed of CWM + LFWM + BRG. The study was performed into block randomized design (BRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 4 replicate blocks. The blocks were established based on the different initial body weights of 4-week ages of female quails. Each treatment was an experimental unit consisting of 5 female quails each. The measured parameters were Yolk Index (YI), yolk color, Albumen Index (AI), eggshell thickness, and egg weight. The results of the study indicated that using up to 30% mixture feeds composed of 7,5% CWM + 9,1% LFWM + 13,4% BRG as a substitute for commercial laying chicken diets most significantly increased yolk index and yolk color of quail eggs. However, the albumen index, eggshell thickness, and egg weight were not significantly affected.
Evaluating the Digestibility of Ammonia Fermented (Amofer) Corn Cob Using Different Levels of M21 Decomposer and Urea (In Vitro Study)
Authors: Fitria Restuti , Siti Rahmawati Zulaikhah  , Novita Hindratiningrum  
Published: February 2021

This research aimed to evaluate the addition of M21 Decomposer (MD) and urea (U) on the Dry matter digestibility (DMD) and Organic matter digestibility (OMD) in vitro. There were five treatments and five replicates. The treatments in this study were the addition of MD and U at different levels. namely R0 = Corn cob without amofer/control; R1 = Amofer Corn cob plus 0.04% MD+3% U; R2 = Amofer Corn cob plus 0.06% MD+3% U; R3 = Amofer Corn cob plus 0.04% MD+5% U; and R4 = Amofer Corn cob plus 0.06% MD+5% U. The obtained data were subjected to Analysis of Variance and continued by an Orthogonal Contrast. The result showed that the treatments significantly affected (P<0.05) both DMD and OMD digestibility. The digestibility of amofer corncob was higher than the non-amofer that exhibited 17.982±2.4409% DMD and 26.024±3.009% OMD. The highest DMD and OMD digestibility was observed in R4. i.e.. 24.655±4.858% and 34.276±5.176%. respectively. In conclusion. the best level in the incorporating MD and U is at MD 0.06% and U 5% could improve DMD by 6.673% and OMD by 8.252%.
Reproductive Plans And Utilization of Contraceptives Among Women Living With HIV
Authors: Adeleye Khadija Kofoworola , Akinwaare Margaret Omowaleola , Adejumo Prisca Olabisi 
Published: February 2021

Background: Despite public health policies aimed at providing universal access to reproductive health care services, the reproductive health needs of women living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (WLHIV) are not adequately met. This study assesses the reproductive plans and utilization of contraceptives among WLHIV.
Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study, which adopted a mixed method approach. A total of 400 respondents were recruited from two tertiary health institutions in Nigeria using systematic sampling technique. A validated structured self-administered questionnaire developed by the researcher was used to collect quantitative data for the study. The questionnaire consists of close ended questions related to study objectives. Quantitative data collected were coded and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) windows version 22 and statistical significance was set at p <0.05. The qualitative aspect of the study utilized focus group discussion for data collection.
Results: The mean and standard deviation (SD) age of enrolled respondents was 37.42