bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of the number of removed lymph nodes on survival outcome in patients with sentinel node-negative breast cancer
Authors: Cipolla Calogero , Galvano Antonio , Vieni Salvatore , Saputo Federica , Lupo Simona , Latteri Mario , Graceffa Giuseppa , Valerio Maria Rosaria 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Sentinel lymph node biopsy is the gold standard surgical technique for axillary staging in patients with clinically node-negative. However, it is still uncertain what is the optimal number of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) to be removed to reduce the false-negative rate. The aim of this study was to investigate whether patients with a single negative SLN have a worse prognosis than those with two or more negative SLNs.

Methods
A retrospective review was conducted on a large series of SLN-negative breast cancer patients. Survival outcomes and regional recurrence rate were evaluated according to the number of removed SLNs. Secondly, the contribution of different adjuvant therapies on disease-free survival was explored. Statistical analysis included the chi-square, Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test, and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.

Results
A total of 1080 patients were included in the study. A first group consisted of 328 patients in whom a single SLN was retrieved, and a second group consisted of 752 patients in whom two or more SLNs were retrieved. There was no relevant difference in median DFS (64.9 vs 41.4) for SLN = 1 vs SLN > 1 groups (HR 0.76, CI 95% 0.39–1.46; p = 0.38). A statistically significant difference in mDFS was showed only for HT-treated patients who were SLN = 1 if compared to SLN > 1 (100.6 months versus 35.3 months).

Conclusions
There is likely a relationship between the number of resected SNL and mDFS. Our results, however, showed no relevant difference in median DFS for SLN = 1 vs SLN > 1 group, except for a subset of the patients treated with hormone therapy.
Sustained peripheral immune hyper-reactivity (SPIHR): an enduring biomarker of altered inflammatory responses in adult rats after perinatal brain injury
Authors: Kitase Yuma , Chin Eric M. , Ramachandra Sindhu , Burkhardt Christopher , Madurai Nethra K. , Lenz Colleen , Hoon Alexander H. , Robinson Shenandoah , Jantzie Lauren L. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundChorioamnionitis (CHORIO) is a principal risk factor for preterm birth and is the most common pathological abnormality found in the placentae of preterm infants. CHORIO has a multitude of effects on the maternal–placental–fetal axis including profound inflammation. Cumulatively, these changes trigger injury in the developing immune and central nervous systems, thereby increasing susceptibility to chronic sequelae later in life. Despite this and reports of neural–immune changes in children with cerebral palsy, the extent and chronicity of the peripheral immune and neuroinflammatory changes secondary to CHORIO has not been fully characterized.MethodsWe examined the persistence and time course of peripheral immune hyper-reactivity in an established and translational model of perinatal brain injury (PBI) secondary to CHORIO. Pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats underwent laparotomy on embryonic day 18 (E18, preterm equivalent). Uterine arteries were occluded for 60 min, followed by intra-amniotic injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected at young adult (postnatal day P60) and middle-aged equivalents (P120). Serum and PBMCs secretome chemokines and cytokines were assayed using multiplex electrochemiluminescent immunoassay. Multiparameter flow cytometry was performed to interrogate immune cell populations.ResultsSerum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-5, IL-6, C–X–C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1 (CXCL1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and C–C motif chemokine ligand 2/monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2/MCP-1) were significantly higher in CHORIO animals compared to sham controls at P60. Notably, CHORIO PBMCs were primed. Specifically, they were hyper-reactive and secreted more inflammatory mediators both at baseline and when stimulated in vitro. While serum levels of cytokines normalized by P120, PBMCs remained primed, and hyper-reactive with a robust pro-inflammatory secretome concomitant with a persistent change in multiple T cell populations in CHORIO animals.ConclusionsThe data indicate that an in utero inflammatory insult leads to neural–immune changes that persist through adulthood, thereby conferring vulnerability to brain and immune system injury throughout the lifespan. This unique molecular and cellular immune signature including sustained peripheral immune hyper-reactivity (SPIHR) and immune cell priming may be a viable biomarker of altered inflammatory responses following in utero insults and advances our understanding of the neuroinflammatory cascade that leads to perinatal brain injury and later neurodevelopmental disorders, including cerebral palsy.
CircGSK3B promotes RORA expression and suppresses gastric cancer progression through the prevention of EZH2 trans-inhibition
Authors: Ma Xianxiong , Chen Hengyu , Li Lei , Yang Feng , Wu Chuanqing , Tao Kaixiong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNA that play critical roles in the development and pathogenesis of various cancers. The circRNA circGSK3B (hsa_circ_0003763) has been shown to enhance cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the specific functions and underlying mechanistic involvement of circGSK3B in gastric cancer (GC) have not yet been explored. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of circGSK3B on the progression of GC and to identify any potential mechanisms underlying this process.

Methods
CircRNA datasets associated with GC were obtained from the PubMed, GEO, and ArrayExpress databases, and circRNAs were validated via RT-qPCR and Sanger sequencing. Biotin-labeled RNA pull-down, mass spectrometry, RNA immunoprecipitation, and in vitro binding assays were employed to determine proteins demonstrating interactions with circGSK3B. Gene expression regulation was assessed through RT-qPCR, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and western blot assays. Gain- and loss-of-function assays were used to analyze any effects of circGSK3B and its partner regulatory molecule (EZH2) on the proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities of GC cells both in vitro and in vivo.

Results
CircGSK3B was mainly identified in the nucleus. This circRNA was present at a reduced concentration in GC tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of circGSK3B was shown to inhibit the growth, invasion, and metastasis of GC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circGSK3B directly interacted with EZH2, acting to suppress the binding of EZH2 and H3K27me3 to the RORA promoter, and leading to an elevation in RORA expression and ultimately the suppression of GC progression.

Conclusions
CircGSK3B acts as a tumor suppressor, reducing EZH2 trans-inhibition and GC progression. This demonstrates the potential use of this RNA as a therapeutic target for GC.
Interaction between PSMD10 and GRP78 accelerates endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated hepatic apoptosis induced by homocysteine
Authors: Xiao Kun , Ma Shengchao , Xu Long , Ding Ning , Zhang Hui , Xie Lin , Xu Lingbo , Jiao Yun , Zhang Huiping , Jiang Yideng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The liver plays an important role in production and metabolism of homocysteine (Hcy), which has been reported to be involved in liver injury. In our previous work, we confirm that Hcy can induce liver injury by activating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.

Results
In present study, we established the Hcy-induced liver injury model by feeding cbs+/− mice with high methionine diet, and found that a considerable mass of disordered arrangement of hepatocytes and enlarged space between hepatocytes were frequently occurred in the liver of cbs+/− mice, accompanied with elevated expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins. In addition, Hcy could activate ER stress both in cbs+/− mice and hepatocytes. Mechanistically, Hcy promoted the expression levels of proteasome 26S subunit non-ATPase 10 (PSMD10) in hepatocytes; and the expression of ER stress indicators and apoptosis-associated proteins were significantly suppressed when PSMD10 was silenced in hepatocytes under Hcy treatment. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that PSMD10 was a target gene of miR-212-5p. Consistently, miR-212-5p overexpression could inhibit ER stress-mediated apoptosis of hepatocytes under Hcy treatment. With the help of co-immunoprecipitation assay, we identified that the interaction between PSMD10 and GRP78 accelerated ER stress-mediated hepatic apoptosis induced by Hcy.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that miR-212-5p directly targets PSMD10 and subsequently activates ER stress to promote Hcy-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes. We propose that endogenous PSMD10 physically interacts with GRP78 to regulate ER stress. Our study may provide the therapeutic target for the liver injury induced by Hcy.
On a geometric study of a class of normalized functions defined by Bernoulli’s formula
Authors: Ibrahim Rabha W. , Aldawish Ibtisam , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe central purpose of this effort is to investigate analytic and geometric properties of a class of normalized analytic functions in the open unit disk involving Bernoulli’s formula. As a consequence, some solutions are indicated by the well-known hypergeometric function. The class of starlike functions is investigated containing the suggested class.
The global hepatitis delta virus (HDV) epidemic: what gaps to address in order to mount a public health response?
Authors: Hayashi Tomoyuki , Takeshita Yumie , Hutin Yvan J.-F. , Harmanci Hande , Easterbrook Philippa , Hess Sarah , van Holten Judith , Oru Ena Oghenekaro , Kaneko Shuichi , Yurdaydin Cihan , Bulterys Marc 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Co-infection between hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis delta virus (HDV) causes the severest chronic hepatitis and is associated with a high risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis called for the elimination of hepatitis (− 65% mortality and − 90% incidence) by 2030. Our aims were to summarize key points of knowledge and to identify the gaps that need to be addressed to mount a public health response to HDV.

Methods
We performed a current literature review in terms of epidemiology by WHO regions, genotypes distribution and their pathogenicity, factors associated with HDV infection, mortality due to HDV infection, testing strategies and treatment.

Results
Prevalence of infection and genotypes are heterogeneous distributed, with highest prevalence in foci around the Mediterranean, in the Middle East, and in Central, Northern Asia and Eastern Asia. Persons who inject drugs (PWID) and migrants from highly endemic areas are highly affected. While antibody detection tests are available, HDV RNA tests of current infection are not standardized nor widely available. The few therapeutic options, including lofartinib, are not widely available; however several new and promising agents have entered clinical trials.

Conclusion
HDV infection is an poorly known cause of chronic liver disease. To mount a public health response, we need a better description of the HDV epidemic, standardized testing strategies and better treatment options.
Microbial growth and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from carpet and drywall under elevated relative humidity conditions
Authors: Haines Sarah R. , Hall Emma C. , Marciniak Katarzyna , Misztal Pawel K. , Goldstein Allen H. , Adams Rachel I. , Dannemiller Karen C. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Microbes can grow in indoor environments if moisture is available, and we need an improved understanding of how this growth contributes to emissions of microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs). The goal of this study was to measure how moisture levels, building material type, collection site, and microbial species composition impact microbial growth and emissions of mVOCs. We subjected two common building materials, drywall, and carpet, to treatments with varying moisture availability and measured microbial communities and mVOC emissions.

Results
Fungal growth occurred in samples at >75% equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) for carpet with dust and >85% ERH for inoculated painted drywall. In addition to incubated relative humidity level, dust sample collection site (adonis p=0.001) and material type (drywall, carpet, adonis p=0.001) drove fungal and bacterial species composition. Increased relative humidity was associated with decreased microbial species diversity in samples of carpet with dust (adonis p= 0.005). Abundant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that accounted for >1% emissions were likely released from building materials and the dust itself. However, certain mVOCs were associated with microbial growth from carpet with dust such as C10H16H+ (monoterpenes) and C2H6SH+ (dimethyl sulfide and ethanethiol). CO2 production from samples of carpet with dust at 95% ERH averaged 5.92 mg hr-1 kg-1, while the average for carpet without dust at 95% ERH was 2.55 mg hr-1 kg-1.

Conclusion
Microbial growth and mVOC emissions occur at lower relative humidity in carpet and floor dust compared to drywall, which has important implications for human exposure. Even under elevated relative humidity conditions, the VOC emissions profile is dominated by non-microbial VOCs, although potential mVOCs may dominate odor production.
Stabilization and visual analysis of video-recorded sailing sessions
Authors: Reichert Gijs M. W. , Pieras Marcos , Marroquim Ricardo , Vilanova Anna 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOne common way to aid coaching and seek to improve athletes’ performance is by recording training sessions for posterior analysis. In the case of sailing, coaches record videos from another boat, but usually rely on handheld devices, which may lead to issues with the footage and missing important moments. On the other hand, by autonomously recording the entire session with a fixed camera, the analysis becomes challenging owing to the length of the video and possible stabilization issues. In this work, we aim to facilitate the analysis of such full-session videos by automatically extracting maneuvers and providing a visualization framework to readily locate interesting moments. Moreover, we address issues related to image stability. Finally, an evaluation of the framework points to the benefits of video stabilization in this scenario and an appropriate accuracy of the maneuver detection method.
Spontaneous regression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: an unknown occurrence: a rare case report
Authors: Agarwal Navneet , Gupta Diksha 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Spontaneous regression of squamous cell carcinoma is extremely rare and a very challenging phenomenon. Here, we are presenting such a rare case of biopsy-proven laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent tracheostomy and later the growth regressed without any treatment.

Case presentation
A histologically proven laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma where the tumour initially leads to the tracheostomy as it compromised the airway and later on the patient presented with the accidental decannulation and the laryngoscopy showed regression of the tumour to the extent that the patient did not require retracheostomy before undergoing radiotherapy. Here, vascular insufficiency of large tumour could have necrosed the tumour along with other factors.

Conclusion
This case shows the existence of endogenous control in the host against the tumour. A greater understanding of these controlling factors may help us in the future.
Evidence of cognitive specialization in an insect: proficiency is maintained across elemental and higher-order visual learning but not between sensory modalities in honey bees
Authors: Finke Valerie , Baracchi David , Giurfa Martin , Scheiner Ricarda , Avarguès-Weber Aurore 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Individuals differing in their cognitive abilities and foraging strategies may confer a valuable benefit to their social groups as variability may help them to respond flexibly in scenarios with different resource availability. Individual learning proficiency may either be absolute or vary with the complexity or the nature of the problem considered. Determining whether learning ability correlates between tasks of different complexity or between sensory modalities is of high interest for research on brain modularity and task-dependent specialization of neural circuits. The honeybee Apis mellifera constitutes an attractive model to address this question because of its capacity to successfully learn a large range of tasks in various sensory domains. Here, we studied whether the performance of individual bees in a simple visual discrimination task (a discrimination between two visual shapes) is stable over time and correlates with their capacity to solve either a higher-order visual task (a conceptual discrimination based on spatial relationships between objects) or an elemental olfactory task (a discrimination between two odorants). We found that individual learning proficiency within a given task was maintained over time and that some individuals performed consistently better than others within the visual modality, thus showing consistent aptitude across visual tasks of different complexity. By contrast, performance in the elemental visual-learning task did not predict performance in the equivalent elemental olfactory task. Overall, our results suggest the existence of cognitive specialization within the hive, which may contribute to ecological social success.
Improving financial literacy via social media: the case of Kogumispäevik
Authors: Voomets Kati , Riitsalu Leonore , Siibak Andra 
Published: October 2021

Artikli keskmes on finantskirjaoskuse ehk rahatarkuse arendamine sotsiaalmeedia kaudu. Täpsemalt uuriti Facebooki rahatarkuse teemalist gruppi Kogumispäevik ja seda, milliseid finantsnõuandeid ja -nippe on grupi liikmed sealt saanud ning kas ja kuidas neid igapäevases käitumises rakendanud. Andmeid koguti fookusgrupiintervjuudega gruppi kuuluvate inimestega. Horisontaalanalüüsi tulemusel selgus, et grupp suurendas liikmete teadmisi ning mõjus nende finantskäitumisele positiivselt. Soovitud käitumist toetasid eelkõige grupis jagatud praktilist laadi nõuanded, vastastikune motiveerimine ning grupis välja kujunenud sotsiaalsed normid ja kapital, mis omakorda soodustasid säästlikku elu- ja mõtteviisi. Seega toimis sotsiaalmeedia grupp finantshariduse kanalina. Finantshariduse pakkujad ja poliitikakujundajad saavad tulemuste toel tõhusamalt kavandada sotsiaalmeedia kaudu finantskirjaoskuse arendamist. Lisauurimist vajab sotsiaalmeedia grupi mõju pikaajalisele finantskäitumisele.
Summary
Dimensions of digital competence and its assessment in basic school
Authors: Pedaste Margus , Kalmus Veronika , Vainonen Katariina 
Published: October 2021

Uuring keskendus digipädevuse empiiriliselt eristatavate dimensioonide kirjeldamisele ja nende hindamiseks sobivate küsimuste leidmisele, tuginedes EU Kids Online’i küsitluse ja Eesti katselise digipädevuse tasemetöö andmetele. Kahe andmestiku põhjal eristati üheksa digipädevuse dimensiooni: digivahenditega operatsioonide tegemine, digimaailmas suhtlemine, digimaterjalide loomine, digisisu programmeerimine, hinnang digikeskkondades toimetulekule, võrdlev hinnang digipädevusele, digimaailmas seaduslik toimetamine, digimaailmas enese ja teiste kaitsmine ning digihoiakud. Dimensioonide eristamiseks loodud faktormudeleid iseloomustavad head sobitusastme näitajad ja mõõdukad korrelatsioonid faktorite vahel. Iga dimensiooni kirjeldamiseks leiti vähemalt kolm küsimust, mis sobivad ka uute küsimuste koostamise aluseks. Edasistes uuringutes on vaja hinnata 1) dimensioone tasakaalustatud arvu küsimustega ning 2) iga küsimuse keerukust ja õpilaste eristamise võimet.
Summary
Business processes in accounting: transformation and significance in the transition to the Federal Accounting Standard
Authors: Vakhorina Marina 
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the optimization of accounting business processes as a tool for evaluating business performance in the transition to the Federal Accounting Standards. The research is based on the analysis of Russian and foreign publications, as well as on the integration of specialists ' experience, which reveals the practical significance of methods for transforming accounting business processes in commercial activities. The purpose of the study is to develop business processes based on the study of the theoretical positions of scientists-economists and the practical experience of professional accountants-practitioners. The tasks and stages of developing the transformation of accounting business processes during the transition to the FSB for the purpose of effective work of accounting are defined.
The author's experience in the development of business process transformation is proposed, which is used to standardize all areas of accounting work on the example of a transport company. The results obtained have a certain scientific novelty: the developed or adapted methods of transformation of business projects affect the elimination of duplication of many business operations, identify areas of irresponsibility, and are also aimed at optimal organization of document flow and reduction of time labor costs. The author substantiates a more complete definition of "accounting business process" as a set of complex works aimed at collecting and summarizing information about the facts of the economic life of an economic entity, intended for external and internal users in order to assess the effectiveness of the business. Methodological techniques for the development of business processes related to accounting work can be used in the practical activities of accounting as a division of commercial small and medium-sized enterprises, as well as for outsourcing organizations that maintain accounting records and form accounting (financial) statements.
Dry mouth
Authors: Nayee Shalini , Herbert Cameron , Shirlaw Pepe , Cook Richard 
Published: October 2021

Dry mouth has numerous causes, including medications, radiotherapy and rheumatological conditions, such as Sjögren's syndrome. This article presents the common causes of dry mouth, and details the assessment, investigations and management required for patients with dry mouth within primary dental care, in addition to outlining secondary care investigations and management. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Dry mouth is common in the general population, with widespread implications for dental health and patients' quality of life. Dental professionals have a key role in both its identification and long-term management.