bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fertilization strategy for climate change adaptation to improve nutrient availability and corn growth in ultisol soil
Authors: Sulakhudin  , Manurung R , Abdurrahman T 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Fertilization is one of the inputs that determine growth yields, but most of the nutrients contained in fertilizers cannot be absorbed by plants due to leaching because of high rainfall. The purpose of this study was todetermine the availability of nutrients and plant growth by mixing inorganic fertilizers with soil amendments consisting of biochar and coastal sediment. The experiment was a single factor experiment arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five replications. Treatment consisted of treatment A: without giving fertilizer, treatment B: giving inorganic fertilizer 100% of the recommended dosage, treatment C: Inorganic fertilizer mixed with biochar and coastal sediment 50% + 50% inorganic fertilizer recommended dosage and treatment D: inorganic fertilizer mixed with biochar and coastal sediment 100% recommended dosage. Improved fertilization strategies can increase nutrient availability and plant growth in Ultisol soil.
The effect of screen materials on the microclimate and growth of chili pepper plant
Authors: Sumiyati  , Madrini I A G B , Tika I W 
Published: July 2021

AbstractClimate change often causes failure in cultivation. So, microclimate modification is needed. One of which is to use the screen to ensure the cultivation of chili pepper plants. The purposes of this study were to understand the effect of several types of screen materials on the growth of the chili pepper plant and to determine the best screen material for chili pepper plant cultivation. This study consisted of four treatments; there is no screen (NO), UV plastic screen with 0.6 mm (UV) of thickness, shading net with 50% shade factor (SN), and the combination of UV and SN. The results indicated the lowest intensity of sunlight and temperature occurs in the microclimate was using a combination of UV and SN screens. The highest growth, the largest number of leaves, and the earliest flowering age was using SN treatment with 30.65 cm, 39.88 leaves, and 36 days, respectively. In Summary, the treatment of shading net showed the best material for chili pepper plant cultivation compared to UV plastic and the combination of UV plastic and shading net.
Study on growth and yield of black rice M4 generation induced by 100 gamma-ray for drought resistance
Authors: Purwanto E , Parjanto  , Pratama R A J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
One of the impacts of climate change is drought stress. Drought stress is a severe threat to the present and future, especially black rice cultivation. An appropriate breakthrough needs to be created to get new varieties with drought-resistant and high-yielding character. This paper aimed to review the growth, yield, and get a genotype of black rice M4 generation from Boyolali and Bantul induced by 100 gamma-ray, with a drought-tolerant. The research was conducted at the screenhouse of Jati Village, Jaten, Karanganyar, Indonesia, from August 2020 until January 2021. The screenhouse is 200 meters above sea level, and the daily temperature ranges from 28.2 °-31 ° Celsius. The research design used was a field experiment research by planting the genotype of black rice M4 generation from Boyolali and Bantul induced by 100 gamma-ray. All black rice genotypes were given a moisture content of 50% field capacity as a drought treatment. The observation variables included growth, morpho-physiology, and yield. The data were analyzed descriptively and the comparison character of black rice M4 generation induced by 100 gamma-ray with the control using the T-test. The results showed that there was an effect of drought stress treatment on growth, yield, and there was genetic diversity between genotypes. The selection results showed that the black rice genotype from Boyolali and Bantul were better induced by 100 gamm-ray than the control genotype.
Management of crop planting in the dry season 2020, an adaptation to the impact of drought for supporting the food security
Authors: Wahyudi  , Pramudia A , Salman D , Agustian Adang , Zulkifli  , Permanasari M N 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
One of the impacts of climate change is the different of seasonal rainfall characteristics from year to year, thus the conditions for planting schedules and potential planting areas will also differ from year to year. At the beginning of the Dry Season 2020, the competent authority published that 30% of the season forecast zone in Indonesia was predicted to experience Below-Normal rainfall. This paper aims to analyze areas that have the potential to experience drought and recommend crop management in paddy fields in the Dry Season 2020. The methods are to identify the rainfall condition at rice field area, overlay the rainfall condition with the cropping calendar information, recommend planting management, and balance the needs and fulfillment of rice. The results of the analysis showed that the area of rice, maize, and soybean plants in paddy fields that had the potential to experience drought were 1,087,937 hectares, 1,996,156 hectares, and 786,849 hectares. The potential area of maize and soybean to be converted into rice plants are 1,448,110 hectares, and 102,868 hectares. The potential for rice production during the period July 2020 to January 2021 is estimated at around 25.55 million tons of rice. It is predicted that the conversion of maize and soybeans to become rice plants through fulfilling their water needs will result in an increase in rice production to 33.10 million tons, and produce a supplement in the balance of rice availability to their needs during the July-December 2020 period.
Adaptation and mitigation strategies for impacts and efforts of climate change in Indonesia
Authors: Twidyawati A , Nurbani  , Prasetyo W B , Manurung S E , Pebriadi A M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Global warming has become an important issue at this time, where this phenomenon is caused by an increase in the concentration of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs). Climate change is believed to have a negative impact on various aspects of life and the development sector, especially the agricultural sector, and it is feared that it will bring new problems to the sustainability of agricultural production, especially food crops. Rice fields are one the main anthropogenic source of nitrous oxide (N2O) gas, which contributes to global warming. Impact of climate change requires an active effort to anticipate it through mitigation and adaptation strategies. Therefore, the government of Indonesia has taken several steps to cope with anticipated greater losses, among others, through mitigation and adaptation programs. Mitigation measures in the agricultural sector is done through several activities, among others: the development of low-emission rice, ZA fertilizer use as nitrogen source, the development of rice cultivation technology without processing, the development of organic agriculture, green energy development and the development of intermittent irrigation technology. While adaptation measures in this program include: adjustment of time and cropping patterns, use of resistant varieties of drought, submergence, and salinity; rain harvesting technology development, and irrigation technology. This paper attempt to highlight the position agricultural sector in climate change, either as an emitter, sink or impact prone sectors climate change.
Sustainable bioindustrial agriculture: concept, implementation, and its potential for bioenergy production
Authors: Harnowo D , Yunus A , Susanto G W A , Prayogo Y , Sriwahyuningsih  , Harsono A , Mejaya I M J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study is aimed to explain the concept of Sustainable Bioindustrial Agriculture (SBA), its implementation in Indonesia, and the potential of SBA for bioenergy production, as well as for reducing Green Hause Gas (GHG) emission. The results of the study. SBA is an agricultural system which principally manages and optimally utilizes all biological resources, including biomass and agricultural organic waste, for the welfare of the community in an ecosystem in harmony with the principles of reduce, reuse, and recycle. Crop-Livestock Integration System (CLIS) is very important component of SBA. The implementation of SBA in Indonesia has not yet been fully meet the target. There is a big potential for the development of SBA in the country, including for the production of bioenergy, especially biogas. The production of biogas within such system is very potential for reducing the impact of climate change i.e. through reducing GHG emission.
Legacy of ideas of the Javanese Community in the cultivation of medicinal plants in anticipation of climate change in Indonesia
Authors: Wibowo A , Setyawati A , Masyithoh G , Rahayu E S 
Published: July 2021

AbstractClimate change is an unavoidable consequence of global warming, which is believed will have a broad impact on numerous aspects of life, especially for mountain communities. Changes in rainfall patterns, increased frequency of extreme climate events, along rising air temperatures and sea levels are some of the serious issues faced by the global community. Mountain communities have their local wisdom for dealing with climate change. The huge impact of climate change requires an active effort to anticipate the widespread effects using mitigation and adaptation strategies. This research investigates the legacy of ideas of the Javanese mountain community in anticipating climate change. The research method is qualitative and uses an explorative approach to examine how the legacy of ideas of the Javanese community, combined with local potential, is used as a strategy for anticipating climate change. The research results show that the cultivation of medicinal plants based on ancestral heritage is used as an anticipation strategy for dealing with uncertainties in climate and weather. Since ancient times, mountain communities have believed that the cultivation of medicinal plants in mountain regions offers an alternative source of subsistence if other food and vegetable crops fail to thrive. Medicinal plants are not only consumed by the local community but can also be sold since they are believed to have a relatively stable price and a clear consumer market. They can be consumed by all segments of the community, for stamina, to treat diseases, and also for beauty, and to promote domestic harmony.
The strategic role of civil society organisations in handling climate change: A case of Riau in Indonesia
Authors: Samnuzulsari T , Kristanti D , Susanto H , Yudiatmaja W E , Yunanto M K , Meilinda S D , Akbar D 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Although many local civil society organisations (CSOs) involve in reducing the impact of climate change, the issue has been reported by a limited study. This paper addresses the gap by investigating the role of local CSOs in helping to anticipate the effect of climate change. This study looked into the case of Riau because it has many CSOs concerned with environmental problems. The objectives of this research are to classify the environmental CSOs in Riau and analyze their contribution to climate change resilience. Using a qualitative approach, the data were collected by using interviews on a series of participants, including CSO’s activists, government officials, academicians, and community leaders. We reveal that local CSOs can be classified as conservation, advocation, empowerment, and conflict resolution. Along with their own and government programs, the CSOs have been contributed to tackling climate change by ensuring forest and peatland preservation. The theoretical and practical contributions of the study are elaborated.
Economic analysis of application two agroforestry combinations in the sloping lands
Authors: Karmini  , Karyati  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The degraded lands on sloping lands can be rehabilitated by implementing the two agroforestry systems of Falcataria moluccana (sengon)–Arachis hypogaea (groundnut) and Anthocephalus cadamba (jabon)–Glycine max (soybean). The aims of this research were to estimate the production cost, revenue, and profit of two agroforestry systems of sengon – groundnut and jabon – soybean, analyze their financial feasibility, and and select one of two agroforestry systems for the rehabilitation of the sloping lands. This research calculated the production cost, revenue, profit, Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (Net B/C Ratio), and Internal Rate of Returns (IRR). The application of agroforestry system of sengon–groundnut needs production cost and produces revenue and profit also has the NPV and Net B/C Ratio values bigger rather than that of jabon-soybean. Two agroforestry systems of sengon-groundnut and jabon-soybean are feasible to be implemented for rehabilitation the degraded lands on sloping lands. From an economic perspective, the application of the agroforestry system of sengon-groundnut is better compared with that of jabon-soybean to rehabilitate the degraded lands on the sloping lands, and this recommendation is further supported by the hydro-orological and silvicultural aspects.
A feasibility study on cultivating shallots (Allium ascalonicum L) in Selo District, Boyolali Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Suswadi  , Prasetyowati K , Kartikasari R D , Prasetyo A 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The success of agricultural enterprises is closely related to various factors, including climate change that cannot be controlled by humans. Climate greatly affects the risk of horticultural production, one of which is shallot. The purpose of this study was to determine the income, profits of farmers, and the feasibility of cultivating shallot plants in the highlands of Selo, Boyolali. This research was conducted in Senden Village, Selo District, Boyolali Regency. The basic method used in this research is descriptive. Methods of data collection using questionnaires and observations. The results of the research showed that the total cost was Rp. 7,754,932.53, the revenue is Rp. 14,566,666.67, and the income is Rp. 8,064,783.3. The result showed that the shifting of seeds during the high intensity of rainfall in Selo District, Boyolali Regency was feasible to be developed. The findings also showed that there are simple ways of shallot cultivation to respond to climate change. Most costs are spent on buying shallot seeds. To reduce the cost of production facilities, farmers are expected to be able to make their shallot seeds so that profits can be maximized.
Hunger climate vulnerability index (HCVI) and macroeconomic indicators downstream of Bengawan Solo Watershed
Authors: Suryanto  , Utomowati R , Gravitiani E , Rosalia A C T 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This studi aims to investigate: 1) the level of Hunger Climate Vulnerability Index (HCVI)) among the regencies, 2) correlation between macroeconomic indicator and Hunger Climate indicators such as economic growth and poverty, and 3) mapping of comparison of HCVI in Watershed of Bengawan Solo covering Bojonegoro, Tuban, Lamongan and Gresik. Topographically, downstream of Bengawan Solo Watershed is the area most prone to flooding. If the threat of climate change becomes more apparent where potential shifts and rainfall intensity will increase the risk of flooding especially in the agricultural sector. The method used in this research by using the score of HCVI, correlation analysis, and geographic information system (GIS). The HCVI represents the level of people’s vulnerability as the impact of disasters (i.e., floods) attacked their region. The third tool is - GIS; this tool is used to mapping the result of the HCVI and correlation among the HCVI, economic growth, and poverty index. The results showed the highest score of the HCVI score respectively obtained by Tuban Districts Bojonegoro, Lamongan, and Gresik. For the grade of HCVI, Tuban Districts and Bojonegoro Districts are categorized into high, Lamongan Districts are moderate, and Gresik Districts are the lowest. Indicators of macroeconomics, such as poverty index supported the HCVI score. Meanwhile the macro-economic indicators especially economic growth do not represent the HCVI score.
Urban farmer communities empowerment through the climate village program in Sleman, Yogyakarta
Authors: Sumbodo B T , Sardi  , Raharjo S , Prasetyanto H , Ika S R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The conversion of agricultural land for residential and commercial use is a severe problem faced by the Sleman District Government. As an urban area where the need for farm products is getting higher, Sleman, on the contrary, is suffering from the availability of agricultural land. Utilization of homestead land optimally is one way to maintain foodstuffs’ availability in downsizing groundwater resources due to climate change and green land conversion. This study explains urban farmer community empowerment through the Climate Village Education in Pendowoharjo Village, Sleman. The empowerment was done under the triple helix model framework, consisting of Janabadra University, village government, the village-owned company called Bumdes Amarta, and an urban farmer community, namely the Tanjung Lestari Women Farmers Group. Activities in the climate village program are the design of rainwater harvesting equipment called IPAH (Rainwater Harvesting Installation), infiltration wells and dead-end channels called rorak, training, and mentoring to use IPAH as well as training in viticulture and hydroponic systems, and optimization of households waste management system, the core business of Bumdes. Indicators of the success and sustainability of the climate village program are the increased number of IPAH facilities, infiltration wells, and rorak; the increased number of residents harvesting and utilizing rainwater, the increased number of female farmer group members who actively use their yards for vegetable cultivation with viticulture and hydroponic system, as well as the increased income of Bumdes from household waste management business.
Real-Time Context of Tobacco Marketing Exposure and Community Vulnerability—An Ecological Momentary Assessment Among Young Adults
Authors: Chen-Sankey Julia C , van de Venne Judy , Westneat Susan , Rahman Basmah , Folger Shanell , Anesetti-Rothermel Andrew , Debnam Charles , Ribisl Kurt M , Cohn Amy , Rose Shyanika W 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundExposure to tobacco product marketing increases tobacco use among young adults, especially those from vulnerable communities (VCs).PurposeThis study examined real-time tobacco marketing exposure among young adults from vulnerable and non-vulnerable communities using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA).MethodsThis study used EMA data to assess context (e.g., location and activity) of tobacco marketing exposure using four text-messaging surveys per day over 2 weeks. Young adult non-current tobacco users living in Washington, D.C. (n = 146; ages 18–24) recorded 5,285 surveys, including 20 participants (13.2%) from VCs with high proportions of lower income and racial/ethnic minorities, and high smoking rates. Unadjusted and adjusted multilevel logistic regressions were used to assess the associations between exposure to any and flavored tobacco marketing, VC residence, and real-time context.ResultsFifty-nine participants (40.4%) reported at least one tobacco marketing exposure and recorded 94 exposure moments. In adjusted models, odds of exposure were higher among VC residents (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.2–5.4), in the presence of anyone using tobacco versus no use (AOR = 4.0, 95% CI = 2.4–6.7), at store/retail (AOR = 17.0, 95% CI = 6.4–44.8), or outside/in transit (AOR = 4.1, 95% CI = 2.1–7.8) versus at home. VC residence (AOR = 7.2, 95% CI = 2.3–22.2) was the strongest predictor of flavored tobacco marketing exposure among all covariates examined.ConclusionsYoung adults are predominantly exposed to tobacco marketing in their daily lives through retail advertisements. Young adults from VCs are at increased risks of seeing any tobacco and especially flavored tobacco marketing. Policies that curtail tobacco retailer density and advertisement displays may reduce overall and differential tobacco marketing exposure.
DeepMotifSyn: a deep learning approach to synthesize heterodimeric DNA motifs
Authors: Lin Jiecong , Huang Lei , Chen Xingjian , Zhang Shixiong , Wong Ka-Chun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The cooperativity of transcription factors (TFs) is a widespread phenomenon in the gene regulation system. However, the interaction patterns between TF binding motifs remain elusive. The recent high-throughput assays, CAP-SELEX, have identified over 600 composite DNA sites (i.e. heterodimeric motifs) bound by cooperative TF pairs. However, there are over 25 000 inferentially effective heterodimeric TFs in the human cells. It is not practically feasible to validate all heterodimeric motifs due to cost and labor. We introduce DeepMotifSyn, a deep learning-based tool for synthesizing heterodimeric motifs from monomeric motif pairs. Specifically, DeepMotifSyn is composed of heterodimeric motif generator and evaluator. The generator is a U-Net-based neural network that can synthesize heterodimeric motifs from aligned motif pairs. The evaluator is a machine learning-based model that can score the generated heterodimeric motif candidates based on the motif sequence features. Systematic evaluations on CAP-SELEX data illustrate that DeepMotifSyn significantly outperforms the current state-of-the-art predictors. In addition, DeepMotifSyn can synthesize multiple heterodimeric motifs with different orientation and spacing settings. Such a feature can address the shortcomings of previous models. We believe DeepMotifSyn is a more practical and reliable model than current predictors on heterodimeric motif synthesis. Contact:kc.w@cityu.edu.hk
Repeated dietary shifts in elapid snakes (Squamata: Elapidae) revealed by ancestral state reconstruction
Authors: Maritz Bryan , Barends Jody M , Mohamed Riaaz , Maritz Robin A , Alexander Graham J 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Identifying the traits of ancestral organisms can reveal patterns and drivers of organismal diversification. Unfortunately, reconstructing complex multistate traits (such as diet) remains challenging. Adopting a ‘reconstruct, then aggregate’ approach in a maximum likelihood framework, we reconstructed ancestral diets for 298 species of elapid snakes. We tested whether different prey types were correlated with one another, tested for one-way contingency between prey type pairs, and examined the relationship between snake body size and dietary composition. We demonstrate that the evolution of diet was characterized by niche conservation punctuated by repeated dietary shifts. The ancestor of elapids most likely fed on reptiles and possibly amphibians, with deviations from this ancestral diet occurring repeatedly due to shifts into marine environments and changes in body size. Moreover, we demonstrate important patterns of prey use, including one-way dependency—most obviously the inclusion of eggs being dependent on a diet that already included the producers of those eggs. Despite imperfect dietary data, our approach produced a robust overview of dietary evolution. Given the paucity of natural history information for many organisms, our approach has the potential to increase the number of lineages to which ancestral state reconstructions of multistate traits can be robustly applied.