bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Requirements of a cognitive-motor spatial orientation training for nursing home residents: an iterative feasibility study
Authors: Fricke Madeleine , Kruse Adele , Schwenk Michael , Jansen Carl-Philipp , Muehlbauer Thomas , Gramann Klaus , Wollesen Bettina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA sedentary lifestyle in nursing home residents is often accompanied with reduced life space mobility and in turn affects satisfaction with life. One of the reasons for this may be limited ability to find one’s way around the care facility and its environment. However, spatial orientation exercises might reduce these problems if they are integrated into an adequate cognitive-motor training. Therefore, we integrated six novel and target group-specific spatial orientation exercises into an established multicomponent cognitive-motor group training for nursing home residents and evaluated its feasibility. Forty nursing home residents (mean age: 87.3 ± 7 years) participated in the spatial orientation cognitive motor training (45–60 min, twice a week over a period of 12 weeks). The main outcomes included the feasibility criteria (adherence, completion time, acceptance, instructions, motor performance, materials/set up, complexity) and first measurements of mobility and satisfaction with life (SPPB [Short Physical Performance Battery], SWLS [Satisfaction with Life Scale]). Adherence increased over time. The increase was associated with the adaptions and modifications of the spatial orientation exercises that were made to meet the participants’ requirements. A positive trend was discerned for mobility and life satisfaction, comparing pre- and posttraining data. In summary, the feasibility analysis revealed that future interventions should consider that (a) instructions of demanding spatial tasks should be accompanied by an example task, (b) trainers should be encouraged to adjust task complexity and materials on an individual basis, (c) acceptance of the training should be promoted among nursing staff, and (d) surroundings with as little disturbance as possible should be selected for training.
The TCI Clinical Encounter Program for PhD Students in Cancer Biology: a Feasibility Pilot
Authors: Real Alexander M. , Lin Jenny J. , Gabrilove Janice L. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Clinical rotations are often not included in graduate-level cancer biology curricula; however, basic insight into clinical oncology is often crucial for developing translational research that addresses unmet needs with the potential to benefit cancer patients. We describe a needs assessment, design, implementation, and descriptive evaluation of an oncology-specific pilot clinical encounter program developed for PhD students in the Cancer Biology Training Area (CAB) in the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS) and Tisch Cancer Institute (TCI) at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS). Prior to the development of this pilot program, CAB students, in years 2–5 + , were surveyed to determine their interest in a structured clinical experience. Seventeen out of thirty-one students responded (55%) to the survey. Of those seventeen respondents, fifteen (88.2%) expressed that exposure to cancer patients in the clinical setting would be useful for their pre-doctoral biomedical science and cancer biology training and indicated an interest in participating in the clinical encounter program. Based on these responses, a three-session clinical encounter pilot program was designed. Two separate cohorts of 5 students participated in this pilot program. During a formal debrief, following the clinical experience, students commented on the resilience of patients and the importance of research on clinical decision making, and reported that they found the experience motivational. Five out of 10 students responded (50%) to a post-program assessment survey; all five respondents answered that they would recommend the clinical encounter program to their peers. While limited in size and scope, this pilot TCI Clinical Encounter Program proved feasible and has the potential to enrich and inform the experience of PhD students pursing advanced degrees in a cancer biology.
The Black Voices in Research curriculum to promote diversity and inclusive excellence in biomedical research
Authors: Levites Strekalova Yulia A. , Qin Yufan Sunny , Sharma Shubam , Nicholas Justine , McCaslin Gailine P. , Forman Kristina E. , Long Denise B. , Pineda Tiffany Danielle , Williams Taylor K. , Kolb H. Robert 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Underrepresentation of Black biomedical researchers demonstrates continued racial inequity and lack of diversity in the field. The Black Voices in Research curriculum was designed to provide effective instructional materials that showcase inclusive excellence, facilitate the dialog about diversity and inclusion in biomedical research, enhance critical thinking and reflection, integrate diverse visions and worldviews, and ignite action. Instructional materials consist of short videos and discussion prompts featuring Black biomedical research faculty and professionals. Pilot evaluation of instructional content showed that individual stories promoted information relevance, increased knowledge, and created behavioral intention to promote diversity and inclusive excellence in biomedical research.
Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement remediates anhedonia in chronic opioid use by enhancing neurophysiological responses during savoring of natural rewards
Authors: Garland Eric L. , Fix Spencer T. , Hudak Justin P. , Bernat Edward M. , Nakamura Yoshio , Hanley Adam W. , Donaldson Gary W. , Marchand William R. , Froeliger Brett 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundNeuropsychopharmacologic effects of long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) in the context of chronic pain may result in subjective anhedonia coupled with decreased attention to natural rewards. Yet, there are no known efficacious treatments for anhedonia and reward deficits associated with chronic opioid use. Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE), a novel behavioral intervention combining training in mindfulness with savoring of natural rewards, may hold promise for treating anhedonia in LTOT.MethodsVeterans receiving LTOT (N = 63) for chronic pain were randomized to 8 weeks of MORE or a supportive group (SG) psychotherapy control. Before and after the 8-week treatment groups, we assessed the effects of MORE on the late positive potential (LPP) of the electroencephalogram and skin conductance level (SCL) during viewing and up-regulating responses (i.e. savoring) to natural reward cues. We then examined whether these neurophysiological effects were associated with reductions in subjective anhedonia by 4-month follow-up.ResultsPatients treated with MORE demonstrated significantly increased LPP and SCL to natural reward cues and greater decreases in subjective anhedonia relative to those in the SG. The effect of MORE on reducing anhedonia was statistically mediated by increases in LPP response during savoring.ConclusionsMORE enhances motivated attention to natural reward cues among chronic pain patients on LTOT, as evidenced by increased electrocortical and sympathetic nervous system responses. Given neurophysiological evidence of clinical target engagement, MORE may be an efficacious treatment for anhedonia among chronic opioid users, people with chronic pain, and those at risk for opioid use disorder.
Plasma acetyl-l-carnitine and l-carnitine in major depressive episodes: a case–control study before and after treatment
Authors: Ait Tayeb Abd El Kader , Colle Romain , El-Asmar Khalil , Chappell Kenneth , Acquaviva-Bourdain Cécile , David Denis J. , Trabado Séverine , Chanson Philippe , Feve Bruno , Becquemont Laurent , Verstuyft Céline , Corruble Emmanuelle 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) is the main cause of disability worldwide, its outcome is poor, and its underlying mechanisms deserve a better understanding. Recently, peripheral acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) has been shown to be lower in patients with major depressive episodes (MDEs) than in controls. l-Carnitine is involved in mitochondrial function and ALC is its short-chain acetyl-ester. Our first aim was to compare the plasma levels of l-carnitine and ALC, and the l-carnitine/ALC ratio in patients with a current MDE and healthy controls (HCs). Our second aim was to assess their changes after antidepressant treatment.Methodsl-Carnitine and ALC levels and the carnitine/ALC ratio were measured in 460 patients with an MDE in a context of MDD and in 893 HCs. Depressed patients were re-assessed after 3 and 6 months of antidepressant treatment for biology and clinical outcome.ResultsAs compared to HC, depressed patients had lower ALC levels (p < 0.00001), higher l-carnitine levels (p < 0.00001) and higher l-carnitine/ALC ratios (p < 0.00001). ALC levels increased [coefficient: 0.18; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.12–0.24; p < 0.00001], and l-carnitine levels (coefficient: −0.58; 95% CI −0.75 to −0.41; p < 0.00001) and l-carnitine/ALC ratios (coefficient: −0.41; 95% CI −0.47 to −0.34; p < 0.00001), decreased after treatment. These parameters were completely restored after 6 months of antidepressant. Moreover, the baseline l-carnitine/ALC ratio predicted remission after 3 months of treatment (odds ratio = 1.14; 95% CI 1.03–1.27; p = 0.015).ConclusionsOur data suggest a decreased mitochondrial metabolism of l-carnitine into ALC during MDE. This decreased mitochondrial metabolism is restored after a 6-month antidepressant treatment. Moreover, the magnitude of mitochondrial dysfunction may predict remission after 3 months of antidepressant treatment. New strategies targeting mitochondria should be explored to improve treatments of MDD.
Influencers in design teams: a computational framework to study their impact on idea generation
Authors: Singh Harshika , Cascini Gaetano , McComb Christopher 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIt is known that wherever there is human interaction, there is social influence. Here, we refer to more influential individuals as “influencers”, who drive team processes for better or worst. Social influence gives rise to social learning, the propensity of humans to mimic the most influential individuals. As individual learning is affected by the presence of an influencer, so is an individual's idea generation . Examining this phenomenon through a series of human studies would require an enormous amount of time to study both individual and team behaviors that affect design outcomes. Hence, this paper provides an agent-based approach to study the effect of influencers during idea generation. This model is supported by the results of two empirical experiments which validate the assumptions and sustain the logic implemented in the model. The results of the model simulation make it possible to examine the impact of influencers on design outcomes, assessed in the form of exploration of design solution space and quality of the solution. The results show that teams with a few prominent influencers generate solutions with limited diversity. Moreover, during idea generation, the behavior of the teams with uniform distribution of influence is regulated by their team members' self-efficacy.
The relationship between religious beliefs and mental state, care burden, and quality of life in parents of infant patients with congenital heart disease
Authors: Liu Jian-Feng , Xie Wen-Peng , Lei Yu-Qing , Cao Hua , Chen Qiang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the relationship between religious beliefs and mental state, care burden, and quality of life in parents of infantile patients with CHD.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted at a provincial hospital in Fujian, China. In this study, 114 parents of infant patients with CHD were successfully enrolled. Data were collected using the Duke University Religion Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview, and 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey.Results:The organisational religious activity, non-organisational religious activity, and intrinsic religiosity of parents were significantly related to the care burden and quality of life, and the two dimensions of non-organisational religious activity and intrinsic religiosity of parents were significantly related to their anxiety symptoms. No association was found between parents’ religious beliefs and their depressive symptoms. Among Buddhist parents, non-organisational religious activity and intrinsic religiosity reduced the care burden and improved quality of life. Among Christian parents, organisational religious activity and non-organisational religious activity were found to reduce the care burden, while organisational religious activity and intrinsic religiosity were found to improve quality of life. There was no correlation between the sub-dimensions of religious beliefs and a negative impact on the care process in Muslim parents.Conclusion:Religious beliefs have a protective effect on the parents of infant patients with CHD. They help relieve parents’ anxiety, reduce their care burden, and improve their quality of life. In addition, different religious beliefs have different dimensions of influence on caregivers.
Racial Limitations on the Gender, Risk, Religion, and Politics Model
Authors: Friesen Amanda , Holman Mirya R. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRisk aversion dampens political participation and heightens religiosity, with concentrated effects among women. Yet, little is known about how intersecting identities moderate these psychological correlates of religiosity and political engagement. In this paper, we theorize that the risk-religion-politics relationship is gendered and racialized. Using a nationally representative survey, we show that political participation is more strongly correlated with risk for Black women than for any other race-gender group. For religiosity, however, we find little evidence that risk is related to religiosity among Black women, while highly correlated with white women's religious engagement. For men—whether Black or white—risk exhibits a modest, positive relationship with their religiosity. Our results speak to the importance of considering intersectionality and race-gender identities in evaluations of religious and political activities in the United States.
A side-edge frame dual-band eight-element MIMO antenna array for 5G handset
Authors: Zabetiakmal Mahsa , Moradi Gholamreza , Ghorbani Ayaz 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a dual-band 8 × 8 multi-input multi-output (MIMO) array antenna operating in 3.5 GHz band (3400–3600 MHz) and 5.5 GHz band (5150–5925 MHz) for 5G mobile handset is presented. The proposed hybrid antenna includes a comb-shaped monopole and an L-shaped open slot antenna which are symmetrically located on the inner surface of the side-edge frame of smartphone. Pattern diversity is achieved that can mitigate envelope correlation coefficients (ECCs) and improve the MIMO system performances. The prototype of proposed dual-band eight-element MIMO antenna is fabricated and experimentally measured. The results show that isolation <−10 and <−15 dB, respectively in the lower band and high band without any additional decoupling element are achieved and the desired bands are satisfied under the condition of −6 dB impedance matching. Moreover, the essential parameters for evaluation of the MIMO system performance such as the ECC, mean effective gain (MEG), and ergodic channel capacity are calculated. Furthermore, the influence of user's hand on the radiation characteristics of proposed MIMO antenna are also investigated and discussed. Based on the result, the proposed MIMO antenna is a good candidate for use in future 5G applications.
The quest for a miniaturized antenna in the wireless capsule endoscopy application: a review
Authors: Gayen Sreetama , Biswas Balaka , Karmakar Ayan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis review paper explores the potential use of the planar miniaturized antenna for wireless capsule endoscopy application: one of the promising fields in the current era. The paper highlights the design strategy, various optimization techniques with respect to system realization, material compatibility issues and finally the mandatory EM radiation effect analysis for the said application. It compares amongst various currently reported structures in context with different performance metrics. Inherent challenges of this emerging field of bio-medical engineering have also been detailed here along with futuristic approaches for enhancing the throughput.
Fault Interactions Enhance High‐Frequency Earthquake Radiation
Authors: Chu Shanna X. , Tsai Victor C. , Trugman Daniel T. , Hirth Greg 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFault complexity has been linked to high‐frequency earthquake radiation, although the underlying physical mechanisms are not well understood. Fault complexity is commonly modeled with rough single faults; however, real‐world faults are additionally complex, existing within networks of other faults. In this study, we introduce two new ways of defining fault complexity using mapped fault traces, characterizing fault networks in terms of their degree of alignment and density. We find that both misalignment and density correlate with enhanced high‐frequency seismic radiation across Southern California, with misalignment showing a stronger correlation. This robust correlation suggests that high‐frequency radiation may arise in part from fault‐fault interactions within networks of misaligned faults. Fault‐fault interactions may therefore have important consequences for earthquake rupture dynamics, energetics and earthquake hazards and should not be overlooked.
Targeting the complex I and III of mitochondrial electron transport chain as a potentially viable option in liver cancer management
Authors: Yang Qin , Wang Ling , Liu Jiaye , Cao Wanlu , Pan Qiuwei , Li Meng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLiver cancer is one of the most common and lethal types of oncological disease in the world, with limited treatment options. New treatment modalities are desperately needed, but their development is hampered by a lack of insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms of disease. It is clear that metabolic reprogramming in mitochondrial function is intimately linked to the liver cancer process, prompting the possibility to explore mitochondrial biochemistry as a potential therapeutic target. Here we report that depletion of mitochondrial DNA, pharmacologic inhibition of mitochondrial electron transport chain (mETC) complex I/complex III, or genetic of mETC complex I restricts cancer cell growth and clonogenicity in various preclinical models of liver cancer, including cell lines, mouse liver organoids, and murine xenografts. The restriction is linked to the production of reactive oxygen species, apoptosis induction and reduced ATP generation. As a result, our findings suggest that the mETC compartment of mitochondria could be a potential therapeutic target in liver cancer.
Opposite response of blood vessels in the retina to 6° head-down tilt and long-duration microgravity
Authors: Taibbi Giovanni , Young Millennia , Vyas Ruchi J. , Murray Matthew C. , Lim Shiyin , Predovic Marina , Jacobs Nicole M. , Askin Kayleigh N. , Mason Sara S. , Zanello Susana B. , Vizzeri Gianmarco , Theriot Corey A. , Parsons-Wingerter Patricia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS), associated with the headward fluid shifts incurred in microgravity during long-duration missions, remains a high-priority health and performance risk for human space exploration. To help characterize the pathophysiology of SANS, NASA’s VESsel GENeration Analysis (VESGEN) software was used to map and quantify vascular adaptations in the retina before and after 70 days of bed rest at 6-degree Head-Down Tilt (HDT), a well-studied microgravity analog. Results were compared to the retinal vascular response of astronauts following 6-month missions to the International Space Station (ISS). By mixed effects modeling, the trends of vascular response were opposite. Vascular density decreased significantly in the 16 retinas of eight astronauts and in contrast, increased slightly in the ten retinas of five subjects after HDT (although with limited significance). The one astronaut retina diagnosed with SANS displayed the greatest vascular loss. Results suggest that microgravity is a major variable in the retinal mediation of fluid shifts that is not reproduced in this HDT bed rest model.
Simple security proofs for continuous variable quantum key distribution with intensity fluctuating sources
Authors: Li Chenyang , Qian Li , Lo Hoi-Kwong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDespite tremendous theoretical and experimental progress in continuous variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD), the security has not been rigorously established for most current continuous variable quantum key distribution systems that have imperfections. Among these imperfections, intensity fluctuation is one of the principal problems affecting security. In this paper, we provide simple security proofs for continuous variable quantum key distribution systems with intensity fluctuating sources. Specifically, depending on device assumptions in the source, the imperfect systems are divided into two general cases for security proofs. In the most conservative case, we prove the security based on the tagging idea, which is a main technique for the security proof of discrete variable quantum key distribution. Our proofs are simple to implement without any hardware adjustment for current continuous variable quantum key distribution systems. Also, we show that our proofs are able to provide secure secret keys in the finite-size scenario.
Automatic identification of triple negative breast cancer in ultrasonography using a deep convolutional neural network
Authors: Ye Heng , Hang Jing , Zhang Meimei , Chen Xiaowei , Ye Xinhua , Chen Jie , Zhang Weixin , Xu Di , Zhang Dong 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTriple negative (TN) breast cancer is a subtype of breast cancer which is difficult for early detection and the prognosis is poor. In this paper, 910 benign and 934 malignant (110 TN and 824 NTN) B-mode breast ultrasound images were collected. A Resnet50 deep convolutional neural network was fine-tuned. The results showed that the averaged area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of discriminating malignant from benign ones were 0.9789 (benign vs. TN), 0.9689 (benign vs. NTN). To discriminate TN from NTN breast cancer, the AUC was 0.9000, the accuracy was 88.89%, the sensitivity was 87.5%, and the specificity was 90.00%. It showed that the computer-aided system based on DCNN is expected to be a promising noninvasive clinical tool for ultrasound diagnosis of TN breast cancer.