bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between neutrophils and renal impairment of rheumatoid arthritis: A retrospective cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yang Pei‐Dan , Zhu Kai‐Jun , Lin Si‐Min , Chen Zhi‐Xin , Liu Min‐Ying , Liu Qing‐Ping , Lin Chang‐Song , Chu Cong‐Qiu , Xu Qiang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivePrevious studies have shown that increased neutrophils, as a manifestation of oxidative stress, may be involved in the progression of kidney disease. To our knowledge, little is known about the relationship between neutrophils and renal impairment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, we aim to investigate whether neutrophil is associated with renal impairment in RA patients.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated the renal function of 602 RA patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from September 2018 and September 2019. The exposure variable was neutrophils, and the main outcome was eGFR. General data (gender, age, duration, hypertension, diabetes, hobbies, and medication history), whole blood markers, lipid indexes, and inflammatory indexes were collected as much as possible. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association between neutrophils and renal impairment in RA participants.ResultsA total of 89 cases (14.8%) had renal impairment with eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, and 75 cases (84.3%) were female. Subgroup analysis showed that female (odds ratio [OR] = 0.523, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.318–0.867, p = .011), neutrophils greater thsn 7.5 × 109/L (OR = 2.314, 95% CI: 1.310–4.087, p = .004), NLR > 3.53 (OR = 1.757, 95% CI: 1.104–2.799, p = .018), hemoglobin less than 120 g/L (OR = 2.413, 95% CI: 1.418–4.118, p = .001), and UA > 360 μmol/L (OR = 6.052, 95% CI: 3.708–9.878, p < .001) was related to renal damage in RA. Adjusted for several confounders, the multivariable analysis indicated that neutrophils greater than 7.5 × 109/L (OR = 1.784, 95% CI: 1.164–3.288, p = .031) was independently associated with an increased risk of renal impairment in RA.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that neutrophils greater than 7.5 × 109/L was associated with a high risk of renal impairment in RA, suggesting that neutrophil may be a biomarker for renal impairment in RA.
3D printed hybrid bone constructs of PCL and dental pulp stem cells loaded GelMA
Authors: Buyuksungur Senem , Hasirci Vasif , Hasirci Nesrin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFabrication of scaffolds using polymers and then cell seeding is a routine protocol of tissue engineering applications. Synthetic polymers have adequate mechanical properties to substitute for some bone tissue, but they are generally hydrophobic and have no specific cell recognition sites, which leads to poor cell affinity and adhesion. Some natural polymers, have high cell affinity but are mechanically weak and do not have the strength required as a bone supporting material. In the present study, 3D printed hybrid scaffolds were fabricated using PCL and GelMA carrying dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), which is printed in the gaps between the PCL struts. This cell loaded GelMA was shown to support osteoinductivity, while the PCL provided mechanical strength needed to mimic the bone tissue. 3D printed PCL/GelMA and GelMA scaffolds were highly stable during 21 days of incubation in PBS. The compressive moduli of the hybrid scaffolds were in the range of the compressive moduli of trabecular bone. DPSCs were homogeneously distributed throughout the entire hydrogel component and exhibited high cell viability in both scaffolds during 21 days of incubation. Upon osteogenic differentiation DPSCs expressed two key matrix proteins, osteopontin and osteocalcin. Alizarin red staining showed mineralized nodules, which demonstrates osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs within GelMA. This construct yielded a very high cell viability, osteogenic differentiation and mineralization comparable to cell culture without compromising mechanical strength suitable for bone tissue engineering applications. Thus, 3D printed, cell loaded PCL/GelMA hybrid scaffolds have a great potential for use in bone tissue engineering applications.
The role of homelessness community based organizations during COVID‐19
Authors: Pixley Cotina Lane , Henry Felicia A. , DeYoung Sarah E. , Settembrino Marc R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPeople experiencing homelessness are vulnerable to disasters and hazards and are at risk for contracting COVID‐19. In this study, we gathered data from 10 community‐based organizations (CBO's) in the United States that work to provide services for people experiencing homelessness. The combined CBO's span across rural, urban, and a mixture of both settings. We identified three needs that the CBO's indicated to be urgent: (1) the increased need for basic services among guests/clients, (2) new organizational challenges for the CBO's, and (3) issues related to emergency management and disasters. Among these urgent needs, respondents also indicated the need for emotional support for staff and volunteers experiencing burnout during the COVID‐19 response. They also expressed some unique aspects of new care delivery systems, such as clients' willingness to engage in rehabilitation programs because of noncongregate sheltering options corresponding with those support services.
Methods for Detecting Pediatric Adverse Drug Reactions From the Electronic Medical Record
Authors: Joyner Lydia M. , Alicea Leah A. , Goldman Jennifer L. , Suppes Sarah L. , Tillman Emma M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAdverse drug reactions (ADRs) are common yet are often underreported, making them difficult to track and study. Prospective pharmacovigilance programs significantly increase detection and reporting of ADRs. The aim of this pilot study was to apply triggers used by a prospective pharmacovigilance program at a freestanding children's hospital to retrospectively detect ADRs at our institution, therefore determining if these methods could be replicated and provide the basis for implementation of a prospective pharmacovigilance program. In 2019, our institution had 22 000 inpatient admissions and 51 000 emergency room visits and had 21 ADRs voluntarily reported in an electronic medication safety tracking system. Additional ADRs were identified by methods including new or modified entries to a patient's allergy profile in the electronic medical record (EMR) and International Classification of Disease (ICD) codes. We identified 754 unique patients with changes to allergy profile and 5719 ICD codes in 3966 unique patients to evaluate. These triggers prompted screening of the EMR to validate the ADR, and we identified 280 ADRs occurring in 2019. Eight (2.8%) were identified solely by the electronic medication safety tracking system, 64 (23%) were identified by the allergy list, 110 (39%) were identified only by ICD coding, and the remaining 98 (35%) were identified by multiple methods. The use of triggers followed by review of the EMR identified 13‐fold more ADRs than were voluntarily reported, illustrating the need for an active pharmacovigilance service and the successful use of multimodal methods to detect and track ADRs.
Apoptotic vesicles restore liver macrophage homeostasis to counteract type 2 diabetes
Authors: Zheng Chenxi , Sui Bingdong , Zhang Xiao , Hu Jiachen , Chen Ji , Liu Jin , Wu Di , Ye Qingyuan , Xiang Lei , Qiu Xinyu , Liu Siying , Deng Zhihong , Zhou Jun , Liu Shiyu , Shi Songtao , Jin Yan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractApoptosis is a naturally occurring process generating plenty of apoptotic vesicles (apoVs), but the feature, fate and function of apoVs remain largely unknown. Notably, as an appealing source for cell therapy, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) undergo necessary apoptosis and release apoVs during therapeutic application. In this study, we characterized and used MSC‐derived apoVs to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D) mice, and we found that apoVs were efferocytosed by macrophages and functionally modulated liver macrophage homeostasis to counteract T2D. We showed that apoVs can induce macrophage reprogramming at the transcription level in an efferocytosis‐dependent manner, leading to inhibition of macrophage accumulation and transformation of macrophages towards an anti‐inflammation phenotype in T2D liver. At the molecular level, we discovered that calreticulin (CRT) was exposed on the surface of apoVs to act as a critical ‘eat‐me’ signal mediating apoV efferocytosis and macrophage regulatory effects. Importantly, we demonstrated that CRT‐mediated efferocytosis of MSC‐derived apoVs contributes to T2D therapy with alleviation of T2D phenotypes including glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. These findings uncover that functional efferocytosis of apoVs restores liver macrophage homeostasis and ameliorates T2D.
On the probability that a random subtree is spanning
Authors: Wagner Stephan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe consider the quantity associated with a graph that is defined as the probability that a randomly chosen subtree of is spanning. Motivated by conjectures due to Chin, Gordon, MacPhee and Vincent on the behaviour of this graph invariant depending on the edge density, we establish first that is bounded below by a positive constant provided that the minimum degree is bounded below by a linear function in the number of vertices. Thereafter, the focus is shifted to the classical Erdős–Rényi random graph model . It is shown that converges in probability to if and to 0 if . As side results, we find in the dense case that the total number of subtrees satisfies a log‐normal limit law, and that the number of vertices missing in a random subtree asymptotically follows a Poisson distribution.
New synthetic strategy for Friedlander condensation of 4‐amino‐2‐oxo‐2H‐chromene‐3‐carbaldehyde by heterogeneous catalysis
Authors: R. Jadhav Ghanshyam , J. Medhane Vijay , G. Deshmukh Dattatray , S. Gaikwad Sharad 
Published: May 2021

AbstractChromenopyridines are an important class of compound because of their diverse biological activities. In the present work, we have developed convenient route for the synthesis of chromeno[4,3‐b] pyridine derivatives (3a–e, 5a–e, and 7a–d) by Friedlander condensation of 4‐amino‐2‐oxo‐2H‐chromene‐3‐carbaldehyde with various active methylene compounds. We have used mixed metal oxide catalyst such as nanomaterial Zinc titanate. The reaction was carried out for various solvent systems, also we have altered the concentration of the catalyst. The 2‐propanol/water solvent system and 5 mol% catalyst concentration are best as far as yield and rate of reaction are concerned. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectra, and elemental analysis.
Progressive Disruption of Dynamic Functional Network Connectivity in Patients With Hepatitis B Virus‐related cirrhosis
Authors: Lin Shiwei , Li Jing , Chen Shengli , Lin Xiaoshan , Ye Min , Qiu Yingwei 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundThe diseased‐related dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) disruption and its relationship with cognitive impairment in hepatitis B virus‐related cirrhosis (HBV‐RC) patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) and no MHE (NMHE) remain unknown. This knowledge would help identify MHE pathophysiology and monitor disease progression in HBV‐RC patients.PurposeTo investigate the dFNC in patients with NMHE and MHE and the relationship between dFNC indices with the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES).Study typeProspective.PopulationThirty HBV‐RC patients (including 17 NMHE and 13 MHE) and 38 healthy controls (HC).Field strength/sequenceA 1.5 T MRI and gradient‐echo echo‐planar imaging and fast field echo three‐dimensional T1‐weighted imaging.AssessmentThe independent components, dFNC matrix and dFNC indices (mean dwell times [DT], number of states, number of transitions, and fraction time in each state), were obtained through GIFT package. Cognitive measurement and patients grouping were based on PHES tests.Statistical TestsOne‐way ANOVA, chi‐square test, two‐sample t‐test, Kruskal–Wallis test, spearman's correlation analysis and the false discovery rate. Significance level: P < 0.05.ResultsCompared to HC (21.1 ± 4.02), the DT of state 1 decreased in NMHE (9.0 ± 3.04, P = 0.062, 95% confidence interval [CI] is −0.65 to 24.88) and significantly in MHE stage (1.2 ± 1.01) and was significantly correlated with PHES (r = 0.5) for all patients. The DT of state 2 increased gradually in NMHE (75.2 ± 13.10, P = 0.052, 95% CI, −54.23 to 0.28) and significantly in MHE stage (94.6 ± 15.61) when compared to HC (48.2 ± 6.97). Moreover, the connectivity between cognitive control network (CCN) and visual network (VIS) in state 1 (0.7 ± 0.79) and between default mode (DMN) and VIS in state 2 (−0.2 ± 0.29) decreased significantly in MHE when compared to HC (0.1 ± 0.68 for CCN‐VIS in state 1 and 0.1 ± 0.17 for DMN‐VIS for state 2).Data ConclusiondFNC exhibited progressive impairment as the disease advances in patients with HBV‐RC.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 2
Fully Automated MR Detection and Segmentation of Brain Metastases in Non‐small Cell Lung Cancer Using Deep Learning
Authors: Jünger Stephanie T. , Hoyer Ulrike Cornelia Isabel , Schaufler Diana , Laukamp Kai Roman , Goertz Lukas , Thiele Frank , Grunz Jan‐Peter , Schlamann Marc , Perkuhn Michael , Kabbasch Christoph , Persigehl Thorsten , Grau Stefan , Borggrefe Jan , Scheffler Matthias , Shahzad Rahil , Pennig Lenhard 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundNon‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common tumor entity spreading to the brain and up to 50% of patients develop brain metastases (BMs). Detection of BMs on MRI is challenging with an inherent risk of missed diagnosis.PurposeTo train and evaluate a deep learning model (DLM) for fully automated detection and 3D segmentation of BMs in NSCLC on clinical routine MRI.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationNinety‐eight NSCLC patients with 315 BMs on pretreatment MRI, divided into training (66 patients, 248 BMs) and independent test (17 patients, 67 BMs) and control (15 patients, 0 BMs) cohorts.Field Strength/SequenceT1‐/T2‐weighted, T1‐weighted contrast‐enhanced (T1CE; gradient‐echo and spin‐echo sequences), and FLAIR at 1.0, 1.5, and 3.0 T from various vendors and study centers.AssessmentA 3D convolutional neural network (DeepMedic) was trained on the training cohort using 5‐fold cross‐validation and evaluated on the independent test and control sets. Three‐dimensional voxel‐wise manual segmentations of BMs by a neurosurgeon and a radiologist on T1CE served as the reference standard.Statistical TestsSensitivity (recall) and false positive (FP) findings per scan, dice similarity coefficient (DSC) to compare the spatial overlap between manual and automated segmentations, Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) to evaluate the relationship between quantitative volumetric measurements of segmentations, and Wilcoxon rank‐sum test to compare the volumes of BMs. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsIn the test set, the DLM detected 57 of the 67 BMs (mean volume: 0.99 ± 4.24 cm3), resulting in a sensitivity of 85.1%, while FP findings of 1.5 per scan were observed. Missed BMs had a significantly smaller volume (0.05 ± 0.04 cm3) than detected BMs (0.96 ± 2.4 cm3). Compared with the reference standard, automated segmentations achieved a median DSC of 0.72 and a good volumetric correlation (r = 0.95). In the control set, 1.8 FPs/scan were observed.Data ConclusionDeep learning provided a high detection sensitivity and good segmentation performance for BMs in NSCLC on heterogeneous scanner data while yielding a low number of FP findings.Level of Evidence3Technical Efficacy Stage2
Change in Susceptibility Values in Knee Cartilage After Marathon Running Measured Using Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping
Authors: Zhang Ming , Li Yufei , Feng Ruimin , Wang Zhongzheng , Wang Wenjin , Zheng Nan , Wang Shaobai , Yan Fuhua , Lu Yong , Tsai Tsung‐Yuan , Wei Hongjiang 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundQuantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has been used to study the magnetic susceptibility properties of collagen fibers in articular cartilage; however, it is unclear whether QSM is sensitive to changes due to degradation caused by long‐distance running. It is clinically important to understand the link between long‐distance running and microstructural changes in knee cartilage.PurposeTo investigate the ability of QSM to assess microstructural changes within cartilage after repetitive loading.Study TypeProspective.PopulationThirteen recreational, male long‐distance runners.Field Strength/SequenceThree‐dimensional gradient recalled echo acquired at 3 T.AssessmentMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 3D kinematics (translations and rotations during treadmill walking and running) of the knee joint were collected before and after marathon running. The compartments for analysis included the patella, trochlea, and subregions of femoral and tibial cartilage. Changes in regional susceptibility and cartilage thickness were calculated after marathon running. A susceptibility profile was obtained by fitting susceptibility as a function of the normalized depth of cartilage from the superficial to deep layers.Statistical TestsPaired t‐test or Wilcoxon signed‐rank test, 95% confidence interval (CI) of the depth‐wise susceptibility profile, Pearson correlation or Spearman correlation.ResultsThere was a statistically significant increase in susceptibility value in the weight‐bearing region of central medial femoral cartilage (cMF‐c) after marathon running (pre‐marathon: −0.0219 ± 0.0151 ppm, post‐marathon: −0.0070 ± 0.0213 ppm, P < 0.05), while the cartilage thickness did not show significant changes in any regions (P‐value range: 0.068–0.963). Significant susceptibility elevations occurred in the middle and deep layers of cMF‐c (95% CIs did not overlap). A trend toward a positive correlation was found between the changes in susceptibility value in cMF‐c and proximal–distal translation of the knee joint during walking (r = 0.55, P = 0.101) and running (r = 0.57, P = 0.089).Data ConclusionLocalized magnetic susceptibility alterations were observed within knee cartilage in the weight‐bearing area after repetitive loading without any morphologic changes.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 2
Design of substrate integrated waveguides based on nanowires: Numerical guidelines
Authors: Van Kerckhoven Vivien , Piraux Luc , Huynen Isabelle 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA thorough study of the parameters influencing the operation of devices based on nanowired alumina substrate is presented. The basic structures are realized by growing metallic nanowires inside alumina porous substrate. The control of the areas wherein growth occurs allows building of various microwave devices supported on the filled template. The performances of these devices depend on the material parameters and topology/geometry in presence. These devices have the particularity to combine nanoscale, through the use of nanowires, and millimeter scale that is characteristic of microwave devices and their associated operating wavelength. The gap between the two‐scale ranges implies that analytical models and numerical simulation tools have to be combined to modelize and design performant microwave devices, such as Nanowired Substrate Integrated Waveguides (NSIWs) devices that are the subject of the paper. A deep parametric analysis of the properties and operation of the basic NSIW is presented and is followed by the illustration of two designs: a simple NSIW line, and an EBG NSIW filter.
Design of a reconfigurable antenna based on graphene for terahertz communication
Authors: Zhang Xingyun , Cunjun Ruan , Dai Jun , Ding Yikun , Ullah Shahid , Kosar Fahad Ayesha 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA broadband, high radiation efficiency graphene‐based reconfigurable square spiral antenna for terahertz communication is proposed. The main part of the antenna is the graphene‐based square spiral microstrip patch. The proposed antenna is built and simulated using high‐frequency structure simulator (HFSS). By applying different combinations of chemical potentials on the graphene layer, the operating frequency of the antenna can be varied from 0.1 to 2 THz. The tuning range of frequency and beam direction with same and different chemical potentials applied to the two graphene sheets are also studied. When the antenna is applied with different chemical potentials, the required bias voltages are much lower to achieve the same frequency tuning range, and the tuning range of beam direction is about 2.5 times that of same chemical potentials. The realized beam reconfiguration of the proposed antenna is over a wide range up to 74°, and the calculated maximum radiation efficiency of the proposed antenna at 1.48 THz is 85.06%. Therefore, the proposed reconfigurable antenna makes it extremely promising for terahertz communication system.
The in vitro efficacy of biofilm removal from titanium surfaces using Er:YAG laser: Comparison of treatment protocols and ablation parameters
Authors: Polak David , Shani‐Kdoshim Sharon , Alias Mary , Shapira Lior , Stabholz Ayala 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of the present study were to compare the antibacterial effect of Er:YAG laser with other acceptable decontamination methods and to single out the optimal laser device parameters for effective bacterial elimination.MethodsA multispecies biofilm which was composed of Streptococcus sanguis, Actinomyces naeslundii, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum was grown on sandblasted and acid‐etched (SLA, homogeneous moderately microrough, and nanosmooth surface) titanium disks. The biofilm was removed from the coated disks by hand curets, ultrasonic device, nylon brush (dental polishing prophy cup), or Er:YAG. Additionally, different parameter combinations of the laser machine were examined to reach an optimal lasing power for bacterial elimination/reduction. Residual biofilm samples were stained with bacterial live/dead staining and quantified using a fluorescent microscope.ResultsA multispecies biofilm was accumulated on the SLA titanium surfaces exhibiting cluster distribution next to bacteria‐poor areas. Hand curets, nylon brushes, and the ultrasonic device showed limited capability to effectively remove the biofilm from the SLA surfaces as opposed to the Er:YAG which displayed a superior ability to remove the biofilm. All Er:YAG parameter combinations that were evaluated as well as the tested “tip to target” distances showed similar excellent anti‐biofilm effects. Furthermore, we observed that the Er:YAG capability of biofilm removal is not only due to its light emission, but depends on its water irrigation as well.ConclusionsEr:YAG laser has an excellent biofilm removal capability compared with hand curets, ultrasonic devices, or nylon brushes even when low energy parameters and low power settings are used. Additionally, an excellent antibacterial effect can be reached using a non‐contact mode of 1 to 5 mm “tip to target” distance.