bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Du capital à la propriété : histoire et justice dans le travail de Thomas Piketty
Authors: Brisset Nicolas , Walraevens Benoît 
Published: April 2021

Le présent article revient sur le dernier ouvrage de Thomas Piketty, Capital et idéologie (2019). Nous commençons par inscrire l’ouvrage dans l’argument développé par l’auteur dans ses précédents ouvrages, avant d’en souligner un certain nombre de limites. Nous questionnons d’abord la manière dont Piketty pense le capitalisme, avant d’en venir à sa théorie de l’idéologie. Enfin, nous tenterons de définir les contours et limites du projet de dépassement du capitalisme de Piketty, c’est-à-dire sa vision d’une société juste, d’un « socialisme participatif », développée au dernier chapitre de l’ouvrage. Codes JEL : B4 ; B51 ; D63 ; N01.
Cross-Talk between the Complement Pathway and the Contact Activation System of Coagulation: Activated Factor XI Neutralizes Complement Factor H
Authors: Puy Cristina , Pang Jiaqing , Reitsma Stéphanie E. , Lorentz Christina U. , Tucker Erik I. , Gailani David , Gruber András , Lupu Florea , McCarty Owen J. T. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Complement factor H (CFH) is the major inhibitor of the alternative pathway of the complement system and is structurally related to beta2-glycoprotein I, which itself is known to bind to ligands, including coagulation factor XI (FXI). We observed reduced complement activation when FXI activation was inhibited in a baboon model of lethal systemic inflammation, suggesting cross-talk between FXI and the complement cascade. It is unknown whether FXI or its activated form, activated FXI (FXIa), directly interacts with the complement system. We explored whether FXI could interact with and inhibit the activity of CFH. We found that FXIa neutralized CFH by cleavage of the R341/R342 bonds. FXIa reduced the capacity of CFH to enhance the cleavage of C3b by factor I and the decay of C3bBb. The binding of CFH to human endothelial cells was also reduced after incubating CFH with FXIa. The addition of either short- or long-chain polyphosphate enhanced the capacity of FXIa to cleave CFH. FXIa also cleaved CFH that was present on endothelial cells and in the secretome from blood platelets. The generation of FXIa in plasma induced the cleavage of CFH. Moreover, FXIa reduced the cleavage of C3b by factor I in serum. Conversely, we observed that CFH inhibited FXI activation by either thrombin or FXIIa. Our study provides, to our knowledge, a novel molecular link between the contact pathway of coagulation and the complement system. These results suggest that FXIa generation enhances the activity of the complement system and thus may potentiate the immune response.
IFN-λ Regulates Neutrophil Biology to Suppress Inflammation in Herpes Simplex Virus-1–Induced Corneal Immunopathology
Authors: Antony Ferrin , Pundkar Chetan , Sandey Maninder , Jaiswal Anil K. , Mishra Amarjit , Kumar Ashok , Channappanavar Rudragouda , Suryawanshi Amol 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
HSV-1 infection of the cornea causes a severe immunoinflammatory and vision-impairing condition called herpetic stromal keratitis (SK). The virus replication in corneal epithelium followed by neutrophil- and CD4+ T cell–mediated inflammation plays a dominant role in SK. Although previous studies demonstrate critical functions of type I IFNs (IFN-α/β) in HSV-1 infection, the role of recently discovered IFN-λ (type III IFN), specifically at the corneal mucosa, is poorly defined. Our study using a mouse model of SK pathogenesis shows that HSV-1 infection induces a robust IFN-λ response compared with type I IFN production at the corneal mucosal surface. However, the normal progression of SK indicates that the endogenous IFN responses are insufficient to suppress HSV-1–induced corneal pathology. Therefore, we examined the therapeutic efficacy of exogenous rIFN-λ during SK progression. Our results show that rIFN-λ therapy suppressed inflammatory cell infiltration in the cornea and significantly reduced the SK pathologic condition. Early rIFN-λ treatment significantly reduced neutrophil and macrophage infiltration, and IL-6, IL-1β, and CXCL-1 production in the cornea. Notably, the virucidal capacity of neutrophils and macrophages measured by reactive oxygen species generation was not affected. Similarly, ex vivo rIFN-λ treatment of HSV-1–stimulated bone marrow–derived neutrophils significantly promoted IFN-stimulated genes without affecting reactive oxygen species production. Collectively, our data demonstrate that exogenous topical rIFN-λ treatment during the development and progression of SK could represent a novel therapeutic approach to control HSV-1–induced inflammation and associated vision impairment.
Drug Prescribing Trends and Safety Profile in Pediatric Care
Authors: Fathima Farangipet , Palatty Princy Louis , Mamatha Jayachandran , Thunga Chennakeshava , Mithotti Nizam , Kalekhan Faizan , Baliga Manjeshwar Shrinath 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Globally, pharmacovigilance, rationality of drug prescription studies, and adverse drug reaction (ADR) in children affected with ailments are an understudied topic. Children are a vulnerable age group and reports suggest that over 10% of hospitalized have adverse reactions to therapy and up to 2.9% of all hospital admissions are the consequence of ADRs. In lieu of these observations, the present study was undertaken in a tertiary care hospital to ascertain the bad prescribing habits and ADR in children.

Methodology:
This was a prospective study and was carried out in the department of pediatrics at a tertiary care hospital for 6 months. The prescription orders of the children on medical treatment for various common ailments were analyzed. The drug prescribing pattern, safety profile of the drug/s alone and in combination was analyzed in accordance with the standard pharmacovigilance method.

Results:
In the study, a total number of 212 drugs were prescribed for 646 study participants. Most of the study participants were male child, and respiratory infection was the prevalent ailment affecting the children during the study period. With regard to the drug prescription, the average number of drugs per prescription was 3.96. Drugs prescribed by generic name were 6.9%, while 97.21% of the drugs prescribed were observed to be essential for the medical condition. Among the classes of drugs prescribed, antipyretics and antibiotics were the major classes of drugs administered in children admitted in inpatients facility, while among the outpatients (OPs), respiratory drugs and antipyretics were the most common prescribed drugs. Most importantly, polypharmacy was common in inpatients compared to OPs and also that 5.1% had some form of ADR.

Conclusion:
The present study showed rational prescribing pattern but poor standard pharmacovigilance technique.
Audit of Infection and Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Pattern in Bacterial Infections in Road Traffic Accident Survivors
Authors: Geevarughese Nikku Mathew , Suresh Siddhant , Pai Ramakrishna Jakribettu , Mathew Jeffy Mary , Suresh Sucharita , Baliga Manjeshwar Shrinath 
Published: April 2021

Background:
In countries like India, road traffic accident (RTA) associated morbidity and mortality is rising in alarming rate and is major concern of public health. Around 80% of the late deaths in trauma patients are due to infection. This study was undertaken to study the profile of infection and drug resistance pattern of bacterial infection in RTA survivors.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective study and was conducted at a tertiary care hospital with documented evidence of infection from the hospital records. The demographic details of the patient, details of injury and the pathogens causing infections with drug resistance patterns were studied.

Results:
A total of 163 patients were accrued and the majority of the patients were male (140, 85%) and around 66% belonged to the working age group, i e., 20–50 years. Most of the patient's were treated by orthopedics and surgery departments, 72% and 20%, respectively. The majority of the patients had wound infection followed by Urinary tract infection. Among the Gram-negative pathogens, Escherichia coli and Citrobacter species were the common pathogens; and among Gram-positive organisms, Enterococcus species and Staphylococcus aureus. Most of the pathogens were resistant to commonly used presurgical prophylactic antibiotics such as ampicillin, cefuroxime, and ciprofloxacin.

Conclusion:
The bacterial profile of the pathogens causing infection in RTA survivors may vary among different institutions. Therefore the antibiogram of these pathogens needs to be studied and analyzed by each medical facility attending to RTA survivors to formulate policy for presurgical antibiotic prophylaxis.
Case Report: Incidental Finding of COVID-19 Infection after Positron Emission Tomography/CT Imaging in a Patient with a Diagnosis of Histoplasmosis and Recurring Fever
Authors: Stasiak Camila Edith Stachera , Nigri David Henrique , Cardoso Fabrícius Rocha , Mattos Raphael Santos de Almeida Rezende d , Gonçalves Martins Philippe Alcântara , Carvalho Alysson Roncally Silva , Altino de Almeida Sérgio , Rodrigues Rosana Souza , Rosado-de-Castro Paulo Henrique 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTThis is a case report of a 37-year-old woman evaluated with 18F-fludeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission computed tomography/CT with recurrent fever after treatment with itraconazole for 6 weeks for histoplasmosis. The examination demonstrated a decrease in the dimensions of the pulmonary opacities previously identified in the left lower lobe and attributed to histoplasmosis. In addition to these pulmonary opacities, increased FDG uptake was also observed in lymph nodes present in the cervical region, mediastinum, left lung hilum, and hepatic hilum. Notably, other pulmonary opacities with ground-glass pattern that were not present in the previous computed tomography were detected in the right lower lobe, with mild 18F-FDG uptake. Nasal swab performed shortly after the examination was positive for COVID-19. In this case, the 18F-FDG positron emission computed tomography/CT study demonstrated findings consistent with active COVID-19 infection coexisting with inflammatory changes associated with histoplasmosis infection.
Performance of Some Biocoal Briquettes Produced from Mixture of Sawdust and varying Nigeria Coals as Composite Domestic Fuel
Authors: Adekunle Joshua O , Olorunfemi Bayode J , Adejuyigbe Samuel B 
Published: April 2021

Performance evaluation of biocoal briquettes from three different coal mines in Nigeria mixed with sawdust as composite domestic fuel was carried out. Samples of coals collected from Owukpa, Okpara, and Onyeama mines were pulverized and blended with sawdust at various constituent ratios of coal/sawdust of 0.0/100, 10/90, 20/80, 30/70, 40/60, 50/50 and 100/0.0. Cassava starch was used as binding material while calcium hydroxide was used for desulphurization. Tests carried out included proximate analyses, ultimate analyses, and performance analyses. Results showed that fixed carbon in all the coal samples ranges from the highest fixed carbon of 63.81% for Okpara (OK) to the lowest of 62.87% for Owukpa (OP70/30) while sawdust was 21.03%. The Onyeama Coal has 1.25% ash content compares with 5% for Owukpa. Onyeama coal contains the highest volatile matters of 29.61% while Owukpa biocoal briquette (OP50/50) has the highest percentage heat utilization of 88.61 and lowest specific fuel consumption of 0.31kg/kg. Onyeama coal (ON90/10) has the highest calorific value of 33.25 MJ/kg. The addition of sawdust in the biocoal briquettes resulted in lower volatile matter, low hydrogen, high percentage heat utilized and low specific fuel consumption.Keywords- Biocoal briquette, sawdust, proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, fixed carbon
Rain Attenuation Prediction Models in Microwave and Millimeter Bands for Satellite Communication System: A Review
Authors: Busari Hammed O , Fakolujo Olaosebikan A 
Published: April 2021

The progressively demand on satellite communication systems has consequently resulted in lower frequency bands getting more congested. The usage of frequency band beyond 10 GHz is in focus nowadays as a result of the rapid expansion of radio communication systems. However, Rain is the leading attenuation factor of different communication signal of frequencies beyond 10 GHz. Attenuation due to rain has a significant propagation effect that needs to be carefully considered in satellite communication system network. Rain attenuation predictions and rain rate are essential when planning microwave satellite communication links. A review of the rain rate integration time and rain attenuation models for microwave and millimeter bands satellite system is presented. Keywords: Frequency Band, Rain Attenuation, Rain Attenuation Model, Rain Rate, Satellite System
Trend of measles in Turkey: a retrospective secondary data analysis
Authors: Turgut Sahinoz  , Saime Sahinoz  , Nahsan Kaya  
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study has been planned to analyze surveillance data of measles disease, to evaluate the trend, to make epidemiological evaluations about outbreaks and to help form national policies in the future.
Methods: This study; covers a total of 1,050,567 measles cases reported to the Ministry of Health between 1960 and 2019 and published in the statistical annuals. It is a retrospective secondary data analysis.
Results: In our study official measles data in 60-year period between the years 1960-2019 of Turkey Ministry of Health was analyzed and a total of 1,050,567 cases of measles was reported, the average number of cases of measles per year was 17.509, the average incidence rate over the 60-year period was 32.03 per hundred thousand and it was determined that the number of cases increased in some years above expectations. These increase years evaluated as epidemic were; 1965, 1969, 1973, 1975, 1981, 1983, 1989, 1993, 1996, 1998, 2001,2004, 2011-2013, 2017-2019 respectively.
With the onset of vaccination in the following year of 1969, the peak of incidence (1970), the incidence rate decreased by about 27/100000. It was found that the incidence rate of measles decreased by 62% compared to pre-vaccination after a single dose of vaccine, and approximately 80% after the vaccination of the Extended Immunization Program (EIP).
In our study a negative strong relation between MCV1 vaccination rates and number of measles cases (at one year later) has been found.
Continuous...
A Comparative HPLC Quantification of Vatsanabha (Aconitum ferox Wall ex Seringe.) Root Processed in Cow's Urine and Cow's Milk
Authors: Chatuphale Gajanan Diliprao , Chalakh Sonali , Anjankar Meghsham 
Published: April 2021

Vatsanabh mula (Aconitum ferox Wall ex Seringe root); is toxic due to its chief active principle an alkaloid named as Aconitine. According to Ayurveda and modern science; it is included in one of the most poisonous plants known till today to mankind. Despite it is used widely in Ayurvedic treatment in various diseases. So its use in medicinal preparation should be done only after proper processing termed as Shodhan (purification) procedures. These processings are done in specific media. Shodhan procedures enhance therapeutic properties of Vatsanabha, reduce its toxicity & convert it into medicine. In Ayurvedic literature, media like Gomutra (Cow’s urine), Godugdha (Cow’s milk) and Ajadugdha (Goat’s milk) has been mentioned for Shodhan procedures of Vatsanabha. This study focuses on effect of two Shodhan procedures of Vatsanabha Mula by using Gomutra (cow’s urine) and Godugdha (cow’s milk) on HPLC quantification of Aconitine while the raw roots were taken as control. Changes in HPLC chromatogram confirm the effect of Shodhan procedure on Vatsanabha. In HPLC analysis, peaks were observed at retention time 30.1. Areas under the curve were less in the samples after purification with cow’s urine compared to purification with cow’s milk, indicating denaturation of some component after purification. Hence, Vatsanabha mula purified by Gomutra (cow’s urine) may be regarded as better method of purification as far as toxic alkaloids are concerned.
Pakshaghat and its Management through Panchakarma: A Case Study
Authors: Thakur Kritika , Toshikhane Sangeeta H , Patil Dinesh , Desai Shikha 
Published: April 2021

Vata among tridosha is considered as the controller of everything in the Sharira. Vitated Vata itself effects the Dusyas which pervades the entire body or a part of it and gives rise to different types ailment is called Vatavyadhi. Pakshaghata is one of the important diseases of such criteria which is popularly known as Hemiplegia. A 60 years old male Patient, K/C/O of HTN Since 3 year & Stroke 3 Months ago complaining of Kinchita Vak-Aspastata (incomplete speech), Bhar-Vruddhi (Heaviness of left limbs), Vama bahu Karma alpata (Left upper limb weakness), Vama amsha sandhi stabhata (Left shoulder stiffness) since 3 Month. Patient was on various treatment methods for the past 2 months but did not get complete improvement. He came to Parul Ayurveda Hospital. The patient was treated with Panchakarma procedure, Shamana Aushadhi and Physiotherapy. This study shows the effective result of Panchakarma treatment along with Shamana Aushadhi and Physiotherapy in Pakshaghata disease. It also helps to understand the pathophysiology of Pakshaghata through Ayurveda. In this study an attempt has been made to describe all Scientific effect of Panchakarma procedures, Shaman Aushadhis and effect of Physiotherapy has been explained in this case.
Association of Perceived Stress Levels Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic with Bio-Social Parameters and Prakriti Body Types among the adult’s population of Manipur, India
Authors: Yendrembam Miranda , Maibam Arundhati Devi , Meitei Sanjenbam Yaiphaba , Konjengbam Henry 
Published: April 2021

Background - Perceived stress experiences differ amongst individuals due to psychological, physical and socio-economic factors and with the outbreak of COVID-19, the impact on mental health has been unavoidable. Another dimension of understanding stress is also put forth by Ayurveda, an ancient medicine system of India. Aim – Aims to find the association of bio-social parameters including prakriti body types with perceived stress levels amidst COVID -19 pandemic. Material and Methods – Data were collected from 390 individuals aged ranging from 18 – 45 years through an online survey. Prakriti were determined by prakriti assessment questionnaire. Stress level was assessed by using Perceived Stress Scale (PSS 10) and relevant statistical analysis were carried out. Results - Significant association (p < 0.05) is found in body mass index (BMI), prakriti body types, sex, and effects of COVID–19 on mental and physical well – being with perceived stress levels. Vata prakriti (19.71%), underweight individuals (12.65%), and females (11.44%) are significantly more prone to develop high stress. Salaried individuals are significantly less likely to be affected by moderate stress. VIF is less than 5 and Tolerance is greater than 0.2. And, Nagelkerke value is found to be 29.3%. Conclusion – The study concludes that there is a significant association of biosocial parameters including prakriti body types with perceived stress levels amidst COVID–19 pandemic.
A Case Report: Management of Mukhadushika (Acne Vulgaris) with Ayurveda
Authors: Gevariya Jetal , Kamaliya Sangita , B Vaghela D 
Published: April 2021

Background: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory condition of skin in youth. In Ayurveda, acne has been elaborated as one of the Kshudra Rogas. In this modern era, this is a burning problem in the adolescence. Symptoms of Mukhadushika show close resemblance with bacterial infection and inflammatory factors of acne. In Ayurveda, it can be correlated with Mukhadushika. Vitiation of Kapha Dosha, Vata Dosha and Rakta Dhatu lead to development of Mukhadushika. Methods: A 25-year-old patient presented with complaint of Pidaka (Papules and putules) on face and neck including Medogarbhatva (filling material), Todavat peeda (Piercing pain), Daha (Burning sensation), Srava (Discharge) and Kandu (itching) associated with irregular bowel and recurrent comedones, since 1 year. Management done with OPD based treatment. Here in this case report treatment chosen was i.e. Avipattikar churna orally and Lodhradi lepa for external application along with Baspa Sweda (take a steam) for 1 month followed by Kumkumadi Taila for next 15 days. Result: There was marked improvement in symptoms Pidaka (Papules and pustules) on face and neck including Medogarbhatva (filling material or nodules), Todavat peeda (Piercing pain), Daha (Burning sensation), Srava (Discharge) and Kandu (itching) associated with irregular bowel and recurrent comedone with the treatment of 1.5 month. Conclusion: Significant result was observed with this treatment protocol in the management of Mukhadushika (Acne vulgaris).
An Observational Study to Assess the Validity of Anguli Pramana in the Present Era
Authors: Visave Pratibha , Shukla Deepnarayan , Choudhari Deepali 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The concept of Anguli pramana is one of the hypothetical concepts in Ayurved put forth by acharyas. It mainly deals with the measurements of various parts of the human body. After reviewing the previous research done, it was noticed that, not a single study was being carried out by anyone of the researchers for assessing the validity of Anguli pramana in the present era. Therefore, the present study was planned. Method: After ethical clearance, the study was conducted. In total 770 participants of age group 18-50 years from Ahmednagar and Nashik region were selected. Measurements were taken for selected parameters, recorded and converted into Swa-anguli pramana. Swa-anguli pramana was measured by taking width of the middle finger at the proximal interphalangeal joint of right hand. All the measurements were taken following Standard Operating Procedure. The data was analyzed with the test of Normality, Z score using Systat 13.0 version software. Result: In the present study, obtained value and standard value stated by Acharya Charaka for the selected parameters were compared and found statistically different. Similarly, obtained value and standard value stated by Acharya Sushruta for the selected parameters were compared and found statistically different. Discussion: The results were negative i.e., non comparable with the standard values stated by acharas for the selected parameters. It was observed that the Anguli pramana mentioned in ancient literature may not be considered valid in the present era. It may be because of evolutionary changes and lifestyle changes of the human being.