bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gear specific catch rates and size structure of channel catfish in the Upper Mississippi River
Authors: Gainer Colby G. , Kim Hae H. , Phelps Quinton E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractChannel catfish are important to the Mississippi River (i.e., ecologically, commercially, and recreationally). The dynamic rate functions (recruitment, growth, and mortality) of the population are important to proper management. However, different gears can produce varying estimates of these vital rates (e.g., size selectivity or age selectivity). We evaluated the effectiveness of three commonly used gear types for sampling channel catfish. Sampling was completed following United States Army Corps of Engineers' Long‐Term Resource Monitoring (LTRM) element sampling protocol; pulsed direct current daytime electrofishing, baited 37 mm hoop nets (large hoop net), baited 18 mm hoop nets (small hoop net), and a tandem hoop net set that included one large and one small hoop net. A total of 65,222 channel catfish were collected from 1993 to 2017. Channel catfish catch rates were lowest using daytime electrofishing and large hoop nets, while tandem hoop nets and small hoop nets had higher catch per unit effort (CPUE). Furthermore, tandem hoop nets collected a broader size distribution of channel catfish in comparison to daytime electrofishing, large hoop nets, and small hoop nets. As such, we recommend that tandem hoop nets should be used to evaluate channel catfish populations in the Upper Mississippi River as well as other riverine systems.
Impact of early childhood education settings on the systems thinking skills of preschool children through the lens of Bronfenbrenner's theory
Authors: Feriver Şebnem , Olgan Refika , Teksöz Gaye , Barth Matthias 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe new generation spend a considerable amount of their time in formal education settings. Only a small fraction of this time is allocated to equipping children with the ability to deal with sustainability issues and so empowering them to respond to the key challenges of our time. Systems thinking (ST) has been promoted as a way of responding to these challenges by facilitating the understanding of complex dilemmas and mitigating them. The aim of this multiple case study is to shed light on the impact of early childhood education (ECE) settings on the ST skills of preschool children aged between four and six. For this purpose, we developed a strategy and instruments to determine ECE setting variables that could potentially be taken into consideration in ST education. We applied this methodology to contrasting cases from Turkey and Germany. The findings have important implications for policy makers, researchers and ECE teachers.
Strength and ductility of laterally confined concrete
Authors: Chang Wei , Hao Meijing , Zheng Wenzhong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe objective of this paper was to evaluate the strength and ductility of laterally confined concrete. To reach the purpose, the effects of the investigated parameters including concrete strength, the volumetric ratio, tensile strength, configurations of transverse reinforcements, as well as the longitudinal reinforcements ratio on the strength and the ductility of laterally confined concrete were analyzed. A three‐dimension effective confinement coefficient of confined circular and rectangular columns was proposed to evaluate the effective confinement area of core concrete in both plane and elevation, and the strength and ductility enhancement factor prediction models of confined concrete were developed to evaluate the strength and ductility of confined concrete. The results showed that concrete strength, the volumetric ratio and configurations of transverse reinforcements, and the distribution of longitudinal reinforcements had obvious influence on the strength and ductility of confined concrete and only when lateral stress exceeded the yield strength of transverse reinforcements, transverse reinforcements had significant effects on the strength and ductility of confined concrete. Furthermore, the proposed strength enhancement factor and ductility enhancement factor models of confined concrete can be utilized to evaluate the strength and ductility of laterally confined concrete.
Research on the Competitive Advantage of the Firm
Authors: Deszczyński Bartosz 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis chapter introduces the notion of competitive advantage in multiple research perspectives of the dominant strategic management schools, and references the academic discourse on the fundamental issue of the locus of competitive advantage. Its first section briefly presents exemplary attempts to organize the body of knowledge on the theory of the firm, including strategic management as an associated theory, and argues why the notion of competitive advantage lies at the heart of this book’s research agenda. In the second section, the dispute between the proponents of Industrial Organization Economics and the Resource-Based View is recounted. Following this, the relationship approach is introduced as a concept that facilitates market coordination based on cooperation.
Relationship Management Maturity
Authors: Deszczyński Bartosz 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis chapter introduces the notion of RM maturity. The first section clarifies the role of the maturity concepts in management science and presents the design of a systemic theoretical inquiry into RM maturity. In total, 13 RM-related themes were qualified to become the content of the RM maturity concept. The second section discusses the themes grouped in the strategic dimension of RM, including Service-Dominant Logic (SDL) as the most distinctive and consistent theme in this group. A brief theory-integrative discourse is given about the interplay between RM and SDL as permeable paradigms embedded in the RBV and dynamic capabilities theories. The third section discusses the roles of interdepartmental and departmental processes and ICT in defining RM maturity. The chapter concludes with the preliminary proposal of the RM maturity model fitted into the broad definitional basis of RM.
Mathilde Ludendorff (1877–1966): Nervenärztin und völkische Philosophin
Authors: Förstl Hans 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungMathilde Ludendorff (geb. Spiess, verw. von Kemnitz, gesch. Kleine) war eine der ersten Frauen, die im wilhelminischen Deutschland Medizin studierte. Sie schrieb eine feministische Dissertation; gab an, sehr früh Sigmund Freuds Psychoanalyse erfolgreich widerlegt zu haben und zu Emil Kraepelins bester Schülerin avanciert zu sein; deckte den Schwindel von Albert Schrenck-Notzings Mediumforschung auf; firmierte nach 17-monatiger Weiterbildung als Spezialärztin für Nervenheilkunde; behandelte General von Ludendorffs erste Frau und wurde alsbald seine zweite; entwickelte eine germanische Philosophie, die Adolf Hitler zu verwegen erschien; wurde 1949 in einem Spruchkammerverfahren zunächst als Hauptschuldige verurteilt und setzte sich kritisch mit dem Gutachten ihres Kollegen Georg Stertz über ihren eigenen Geisteszustand auseinander. Ihre zahlreichen Schriften werden weiter verlegt. Der von ihr begründete „Bund für Gotterkenntnis (Ludendorff)“ existiert noch und wird vom Verfassungsschutz beobachtet.
A gradient-based optimization method with functional principal component analysis for efficient structural topology optimization
Authors: Montanino Andrea , Alaimo Gianluca , Lanzarone Ettore 
Published: March 2021

AbstractStructural topology optimization (STO) is usually treated as a constrained minimization problem, which is iteratively addressed by solving the equilibrium equations for the problem under consideration. To reduce the computational effort, several reduced basis approaches that solve the equilibrium equations in a reduced space have been proposed. In this work, we apply functional principal component analysis (FPCA) to generate the reduced basis, and we couple FPCA with a gradient-based optimization method for the first time in the literature. The proposed algorithm has been tested on a large STO problem with 4.8 million degrees of freedom. Results show that the proposed algorithm achieves significant computational time savings with negligible loss of accuracy. Indeed, the density maps obtained with the proposed algorithm capture the larger features of maps obtained without reduced basis, but in significantly lower computational times, and are associated with similar values of the minimized compliance.
Single-station PPP-RTK: correction latency and ambiguity resolution performance
Authors: Khodabandeh A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSingle-station PPP-RTK is a special case of PPP-RTK in that corrections are computed, instead of a network, by only one single GNSS receiver. The present contribution aims to develop a framework to generate multi-epoch, single-station corrections, thereby providing PPP-RTK users the capability to time-predict corrections that are subject to time delay or latency. By presenting analytical expressions of the user ambiguity variance matrix, we address how the ambiguity resolution performance is driven by the correction latency and therefore by the uncertainty involved in the time-prediction of single-station PPP-RTK corrections. Supported by numerical results, our analytical study shows that the number of satellites and number of frequencies work in tandem to enable one to increase the correction latency, yet ensuring successful single-receiver ambiguity resolution.
Adjoint-based optimisation of detonation initiation by a focusing shock wave
Authors: Bengoechea S. , Reiss J. , Lemke M. , Sesterhenn J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAn optimisation study of a shock-wave-focusing geometry is presented in this work. The configuration serves as a reliable and deterministic detonation initiator in a pulsed detonation engine. The combustion chamber consists of a circular pipe with one convergent–divergent axisymmetric nozzle, acting as a focusing device for an incoming shock wave. Geometrical changes are proposed to reduce the minimum shock wave strength necessary for a successful detonation initiation. For that purpose, the adjoint approach is applied. The sensitivity of the initiation to flow variations delivered by this method is used to reshape the obstacle’s form. The thermodynamics is described by a higher-order temperature-dependent polynomial, avoiding the large errors of the constant adiabatic exponent assumption. The chemical reaction of stoichiometric premixed hydrogen-air is modelled by means of a one-step kinetics with a variable pre-exponential factor. This factor is adapted to reproduce the induction time of a complex kinetics model. The optimisation results in a 5% decrease of the incident shock wave threshold for the successful detonation initiation.
Do proinflammatory cytokines play a role in clozapine-associated glycometabolism disorders?
Authors: Zhao Tongtong , Zhang Kai , Zhang Yelei , Yang Yating , Ning Xiaoshuai , Hu Yu , Li Xiaoyue , Zhang Yulong , Xia Lei , Ren Zhenhua , Liu Huanzhong 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Rationale and objective
Clozapine (CLZ) is the most effective drug for treatment-resistant schizophrenia but is associated with many side effects, including glycometabolism disorders. Immunological mechanisms may be involved in the development of clozapine side effects. Research relating the immunomodulatory effects of clozapine and its early markers to clinically relevant adverse events is needed to reduce the harmful side effects of clozapine. This study aimed to investigate the role of proinflammatory cytokines in clozapine-associated glycometabolism disorders.

Methods
We measured the effect of a range of doses of clozapine on glycometabolism-related parameters and proinflammatory cytokines levels in mice peripheral blood. We also examined the differences between these indicators in the peripheral blood of clozapine-treated schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Furthermore, we detected proinflammatory cytokines expression in mice pancreatic tissue.

Results
Following clozapine administration, glucagon significantly decreased in mouse serum, and proinflammatory cytokine IL-β levels markedly increased. Clozapine reliably increased proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) expression in murine pancreatic tissue. Compared with healthy controls, clozapine-treated patients’ BMI, blood glucose, and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) increased significantly. In clozapine-treated patients, a higher clozapine daily dosage was associated with higher levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6, and a significant positive correlation was observed between blood glucose levels and the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α.

Conclusion
Findings from animal experiments and clinical trials have shown clear evidence that clozapine has a regulatory effect on immune-related proinflammatory cytokines and influences glycometabolism indicators.
Clinical outcomes and survivorship of two-stage total hip or knee arthroplasty in septic arthritis: a retrospective analysis with a minimum five-year follow-up
Authors: Russo Antonio , Cavagnaro Luca , Chiarlone Francesco , Clemente Antonio , Romagnoli Sergio , Burastero Giorgio 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeSeptic arthritis of the native joint is challenging for orthopedic surgeons because it may lead to wide bone defects and severe impairment of joint function. This study aimed to analyze clinical functional outcomes, the rate of infection eradication, and survival of implants of patients who underwent two-stage arthroplasty for septic arthritis of the hip and knee.MethodsA retrospective single-centre analysis was conducted of patients treated for septic arthritis of the hip and knee joints through a two-stage surgery between 2012 and 2015. Clinical and radiological records were gathered from the prospectively collected Institutional Arthroplasty Registry. Patients’ pre-operative Harris hip scores and Knee Society scores were compared with those obtained at the latest follow-up. Kaplan–Meier curves were generated to assess survival of implants.ResultsForty-seven patients were included. The mean follow-up was 85.2 ± 15.4 months. The Harris hip score improved from 39.4 ± 9.9 to 84.5 ± 10.8 points (p< 0.001). The Knee Society score improved from 40.7 ± 8.4 to 86.0 ± 7.8 points (p< 0.001). Knee Society score-function increased from 25.7 ± 14.2 to 85.4 ± 23.4 points (p< 0.001). The infection eradication rates were 92.0% and 90.9% in patients who underwent hip and knee operation, respectively (p= 0.891). Overall survivorship of implants after the second stage was 93.6%.ConclusionsTwo-stage arthroplasty provides good to excellent clinical outcomes in cases of active septic arthritis of the hip and the knee, high rates of infection control, and implant survival.
Preoperative Imaging in Renal Transplant Patients with Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Berger Megan G. , Pandian T. K. , Lyden Melanie L. , McKenzie Travis , Drake Matthew T. , Dy Benzon M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundTertiary hyperparathyroidism following kidney transplantation is most commonly characterized by 4‐gland hyperplasia, but single and double adenomatous disease has been demonstrated in this population as well. It is unknown whether preoperative imaging can assist in identifying patients who may qualify for focused surgery for adenomatous disease.Materials and methodsWe performed a retrospective review of our patient database from 1998–2018 for patients with tertiary hyperparathyroidism following renal transplant. Patient charts were reviewed for patient demographics, laboratory values, preoperative imaging, operative findings, pathology, and complications.ResultsWe identified 113 patients with tertiary hyperparathyroidism following renal transplant who underwent parathyroidectomy. There were 51 females and 62 males with a mean age of 53.4 ± 13.4 years. Median preoperative calcium and PTH were 10.9 mg/dl (IQR 10.3–11.2) and 228 pg/ml (IQR 118–305). Preoperative ultrasound was performed in 60 patients. Of these, 11 (18%) were negative, 38 (63%) showed 1–2 adenomas, and 11 (18%) showed ≥ 3 adenomas. 99mTc‐sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy was performed in 101/113 patients. Of these, 11 (11%) were negative, 62 (61%) showed 1–2 areas of discordant sestamibi uptake, and 28 (28%) showed ≥ 3 areas of discordant uptake. Ultimately, 19 (17%) patients had a single adenoma removed, 16 (14%) had 2 adenomas removed, and (69%) had multi‐gland disease. There were 26 ectopic glands found in 21 patients, 42.3% of which were identified on preoperative imaging. 94.1% of patients were eucalcemic at last follow‐up, mean (± SD) 5.8 ± 3.6 years. Adenomas that were visualized on ultrasound were larger on pathology than those non‐visualized (997 ± 120 mg (mean ± SE) vs. 388 ± 109 mg, p = 0.0003). This was also true for parathyroid scintigraphy (647 ± 41 mg vs. 355 ± 51 mg, p = 0.0001).ConclusionIn patients with tertiary hyperparathyroidism, preoperative imaging can aid in predicting which patients will have 1–2 gland disease. In patients with 1–2 gland disease on congruent ultrasound and nuclear medicine imaging studies, the accuracy increases to 59%. Preoperative imaging can help identify ectopic glands. Larger adenomas are more likely to be identified on both imaging modalities.
Improved detection of in-transit metastases of malignant melanoma with BSREM reconstruction in digital [18F]FDG PET/CT
Authors: Liberini Virginia , Messerli Michael , Husmann Lars , Kudura Ken , Grünig Hannes , Maurer Alexander , Skawran Stephan , Orita Erika , Pizzuto Daniele A. , Deandreis Désirée , Dummer Reinhard , Mangana Joanna , Mihic-Probst Daniela , Rupp Niels , Huellner Martin W. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives
To compare block sequential regularized expectation maximization (BSREM) and ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) for the detection of in-transit metastasis (ITM) of malignant melanoma in digital [18F]FDG PET/CT.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 100 [18F]FDG PET/CT scans of melanoma patients with ITM, performed between May 2017 and January 2020. PET images were reconstructed with both OSEM and BSREM algorithms. SUVmax, target-to-background ratio (TBR), and metabolic tumor volume (MTV) were recorded for each ITM. Differences in PET parameters were analyzed with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Differences in image quality for different reconstructions were tested using the Man-Whitney U test.

Results
BSREM reconstruction led to the detection of 287 ITM (39% more than OSEM). PET parameters of ITM were significantly different between BSREM and OSEM reconstructions (p < 0.001). SUVmax and TBR were higher (76.5% and 77.7%, respectively) and MTV lower (49.5%) on BSREM. ITM missed with OSEM had significantly lower SUVmax (mean 2.03 vs. 3.84) and TBR (mean 1.18 vs. 2.22) and higher MTV (mean 2.92 vs. 1.01) on OSEM compared to BSREM (all p < 0.001).

Conclusions
BSREM detects significantly more ITM than OSEM, owing to higher SUVmax, higher TBR, and less blurring. BSREM is particularly helpful in small and less avid lesions, which are more often missed with OSEM.

Key Points
• In melanoma patients, [18F]FDG PET/CT helps to detect in-transit metastases (ITM), and their detection is improved by using BSREM instead of OSEM reconstruction.
• BSREM is particularly useful in small lesions.
Seasonal predictability of Mediterranean weather regimes in the Copernicus C3S systems
Authors: Giuntoli Ignazio , Fabiano Federico , Corti Susanna 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSeasonal predictions in the Mediterranean region have relevant socio-economic implications, especially in the context of a changing climate. To date, sources of predictability have not been sufficiently investigated at the seasonal scale in this region. To fill this gap, we explore sources of predictability using a weather regimes (WRs) framework. The role of WRs in influencing regional weather patterns in the climate state has generated interest in assessing the ability of climate models to reproduce them. We identify four Mediterranean WRs for the winter (DJF) season and explore their sources of predictability looking at teleconnections with sea surface temperature (SST). In particular, we assess how SST anomalies affect the WRs frequencies during winter focussing on the two WRs that are associated with the teleconnections in which the signal is more intense: the Meridional and the Anticyclonic regimes. These sources of predictability are sought in five state-of-the-art seasonal forecasting systems included in the Copernicus Climate Change Services (C3S) suite finding a weaker signal but an overall good agreement with reanalysis data. Finally, we assess the ability of the C3S models in reproducing the reanalysis data WRs frequencies finding that their moderate skill increases during ENSO intense years, indicating that this teleconnection is well reproduced by the models and yields improved predictability in the Mediterranean region.
Challenging the gold standard: methods of sampling for microbial culture in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Szaleniec Joanna , Gibała Agnieszka , Hartwich Patryk , Hydzik-Sobocińska Karolina , Konior Marcin , Gosiewski Tomasz , Szaleniec Maciej 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a highly prevalent multifactorial disorder. Culture-directed antibiotics are frequently prescribed to patients with CRS and the middle nasal meatus (MM) is traditionally believed to be a representative sampling site of the sinuses as a whole. The purpose of our study was to reevaluate the reliability of the MM as a sampling site in patients with CRS who suffer from impaired drainage from the sinuses to the MM.

Methods
Swabs and tissue biopsies were collected from the MM, maxillary sinus and frontal sinus from 50 patients with CRS. The results of bacterial culture were compared between sampling methods and sites in relation to the patency of the sinus ostia.

Results
782 bacterial isolates were cultured from the samples. Concordant results between the MM and the sinus cavity were noted in 80% of patients for the maxillary sinus, but only 66% for the frontal sinus and 76% for the sinuses a whole. The differences were similarly prevalent in patients with open and occluded sinus ostia. Notably, swabs from all three sites provided representative information in 92% of patients and tissue biopsies did not provide additional information compared to multiple swabs.

Conclusion
The traditional method of sampling from the middle meatus provides inadequate information in 24% of patients with CRS, which may result in inadequate antibiotic therapy and contribute to increasing antibiotic resistance. Additional sampling from the sinuses should be recommended whenever possible, while invasive sampling is not necessary.