bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discordance between apolipoprotein B or non-HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in middle-aged and elderly Chinese patients predicts arterial stiffness
Authors: Qu Geyue , Zhang Zhongying , Zhu Hong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Discordance of lipid parameters is closely associated with residual cardiovascular risk. This study investigated the discordance between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) or apolipoprotein B (apoB) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and assessed arterial stiffness risk.

Methods
This study included a total of 402 middle-aged and elderly Northern Chinese individuals whose brachial-ankle pulse wave conduction velocity (baPWV), and clinical and biochemical data were measured. Arterial stiffness was defined by inclusion in the upper quartile of the baPWV. All participants were divided into four mutually exclusive concordance/discordance groups based on the lipid goal for high-risk populations, according to the 2019 European Society of Cardiology / European Atherosclerosis Society guidelines. Discordance was defined as LDL-C ≥ 1.81 mmol/L with non-HDL-C <  2.59 mmol/L, or apoB < 0.80 mmol/L, or vice versa.

Results
The mean age of the participants was 65.9 ± 13.0 years; 59.5% of the participants were male. The mean LDL-C was 2.41 ± 0.81 mmol/L, non-HDL-C: 3.06 ± 0.94 mmol/L, and apoB: 0.84 ± 0.21 mmol/L. LDL-C was observed to be discordant with non-HDL-C (20.1%) and apoB (30.8%). When stratified according to LDL-C levels, the baPWV was greater in those patients with higher non-HDL-C or apoB levels. In the adjusted logistic regression model, low LDL-C and high non-HDL-C or apoB discordance were also associated with the risk of arterial stiffness (OR: 13.412 and OR: 13.054, respectively).

Conclusions
There was discordance between LDL-C and non-HDL-C, or apoB in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals; this was associated with a higher risk of arterial stiffness. Non-HDL-C or apoB levels could be used to identify individuals who may benefit from more comprehensive lipid modification.
Multi-function PtCo nanozymes/CdS nanocrystals@graphene oxide luminophores and K2S2O8/H2O2 coreactants-based dual amplified electrochemiluminescence immunosensor for ultrasensitive detection of anti-myeloperoxidase antibody
Authors: Yang Wei , Zhou Zheng , Wu Haiping , Liu Changjin , Shen Bo , Ding Shijia , Zhou Yonglie 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundAnti-myeloperoxidase antibody (anti-MPO) is an important biomarker for anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAVs). However, the complicated operation procedures and insufficient sensitivity of conventional anti-MPO detection methods limit their application in monitoring efficacy of AAVs in clinical diagnosis. Herein, a dual amplified electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensor based on multi-function PtCo nanozymes/CdS nanocrystals@graphene oxide (PtCo/CdS@GO) luminophores and K2S2O8/H2O2coreactants has been fabricated for ultrasensitive detection of anti-MPO.ResultsPtCo/CdS@GO luminophores as novel signal amplification labels and nanocarriers to load rabbit anti-mouse IgG were synthesized by co-doping with Pt and Co nanozymes simultaneously with several considerable advantages, including astonishing peroxidase-like catalytic activity, high-efficiency luminescence performance and superior stability in aqueous solutions. Meanwhile, upon the K2S2O8/H2O2coreactants system, benefiting from the efficient peroxidase-like activity of the PtCo/CdS@GO toward H2O2, massive of transient reactive intermediates could react with K2S2O8, thus obtaining higher ECL emission. Therefore, the developed ECL immunosensor for anti-MPO detection displayed good analytical performance with good concentration linearity in the range of 0.02 to 1000 pg/mL and low detection limit down to 7.39 fg/mL.ConclusionsThe introduction of multi-function PtCo/CdS@GO luminophores into the established ECL immunoassay not only was successfully applied for specific detection of anti-MPO in clinical serum samples, but also provided a completely new concept to design other high-performance luminophores. Meaningfully, the ECL immunoassay strategy held wide potential for biomarkers detection in clinical diagnosis.Graphic abstract
Imaging features associated with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus have high specificity even when comparing with vascular dementia and atypical parkinsonism
Authors: Fällmar David , Andersson Oliver , Kilander Lena , Löwenmark Malin , Nyholm Dag , Virhammar Johan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Vascular dementia (VaD) and atypical parkinsonism often present with symptoms that can resemble idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) and enlarged cerebral ventricles, and can be challenging differential diagnoses. The aim was to investigate frequencies of imaging features usually associated with iNPH and their radiological diagnostic accuracy in a sample containing the relevant differential diagnoses VaD, progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multiple system atrophy parkinsonian type (MSA-P), and healthy controls.

Methods
Nine morphological imaging features usually associated with iNPH were retrospectively investigated in MR images of 55 patients with shunt-responsive iNPH, 32 patients with VaD, 30 patients with PSP, 27 patients with MSA-P, and 39 age-matched healthy controls. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for each imaging finding.

Results
In a logistic regression model using iNPH diagnosis as a dependent variable, the following imaging features contributed significantly to the model: callosal angle (OR = 0.95 (0.92–0.99), p = 0.012), Evans’ index * 100 (OR = 1.51 (1.23–1.86), p < 0.001), enlarged Sylvian fissures (OR = 6.01 (1.42–25.40), p = 0.015), and focally enlarged sulci (OR = 10.18 (1.89–55.02), p = 0.007). Imaging features with 95% specificity for iNPH were: callosal angle ≤ 71°, temporal horns ≥ 7 mm, Evans’ index ≥ 0.37, iNPH Radscale ≥ 9, and presence of DESH, bilateral ventricular roof bulgings or focally enlarged sulci. A simplified version of the iNPH Radscale with only four features resulted in equally high diagnostic accuracy as the original iNPH Radscale.

Conclusions
There is a notable overlap between some of the commonly used imaging markers regarding iNPH, VaD and atypical parkinsonism, such as PSP. However, this study shows that the specificity of imaging markers usually associated with iNPH was high even when comparing with these challenging differential diagnoses. The callosal angle was the single imaging feature with highest diagnostic accuracy to discriminate iNPH from its mimics. A simplified rating scale using only a few selected features could be used with retained specificity.
Efficient isolation and purification of tissue-specific protoplasts from tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)
Authors: Xu Xue-feng , Zhu Hai-yan , Ren Yin-feng , Feng Can , Ye Zhi-hao , Cai Hui-mei , Wan Xiao-chun , Peng Chuan-yi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPlant protoplasts constitute unique single-cell systems that can be subjected to genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analysis. An effective and sustainable method for preparing protoplasts from tea plants has yet to be established. The protoplasts were osmotically isolated, and the isolation and purification procedures were optimized. Various potential factors affecting protoplast preparation, including enzymatic composition and type, enzymatic hydrolysis duration, mannitol concentration in the enzyme solution, and iodixanol concentration, were evaluated.ResultsThe optimal conditions were 1.5% (w/v) cellulase and 0.4–0.6% (w/v) macerozyme in a solution containing 0.4 M mannitol, enzymatic hydrolysis over 10 h, and an iodixanol concentration of 65%. The highest protoplast yield was 3.27 × 106protoplasts g−1fresh weight. As determined through fluorescein diacetate staining, maximal cell viability was 92.94%. The isolated protoplasts were round and regularly shaped without agglomeration, and they were less than 20 μm in diameter. Differences in preparation, with regard to yield and viability in the tissues (roots, branches, and leaves), cultivars, and cultivation method, were also observed.ConclusionsIn summary, we reported on a simple, efficient method for preparing protoplasts of whole-organ tissue from tea plant. The findings are expected to contribute to the rapid development of tea plant biology.
Distinct patterns of disease activity over time in patients with active SLE revealed using latent class trajectory models
Authors: Reynolds John A. , Prattley Jennifer , Geifman Nophar , Lunt Mark , Gordon Caroline , Bruce Ian N. ,   on behalf of the MASTERPLANS Consortium
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous systemic autoimmune condition for which there are limited licensed therapies. Clinical trial design is challenging in SLE due at least in part to imperfect outcome measures. Improved understanding of how disease activity changes over time could inform future trial design. The aim of this study was to determine whether distinct trajectories of disease activity over time occur in patients with active SLE within a clinical trial setting and to identify factors associated with these trajectories.

Methods
Latent class trajectory models were fitted to a clinical trial dataset of a monoclonal antibody targeting CD22 (Epratuzumab) in patients with active SLE using the numerical BILAG-2004 score (nBILAG). The baseline characteristics of patients in each class and changes in prednisolone over time were identified. Exploratory PK-PD modelling was used to examine cumulative drug exposure in relation to latent class membership.

Results
Five trajectories of disease activity were identified, with 3 principal classes: non-responders (NR), slow responders (SR) and rapid-responders (RR). In both the SR and RR groups, significant changes in disease activity were evident within the first 90 days of the trial. The SR and RR patients had significantly higher baseline disease activity, exposure to epratuzumab and activity in specific BILAG domains, whilst NR had lower steroid use at baseline and less change in steroid dose early in the trial.

Conclusions
Longitudinal nBILAG scores reveal different trajectories of disease activity and may offer advantages over fixed endpoints. Corticosteroid use however remains an important confounder in lupus trials and can influence early response. Changes in disease activity and steroid dose early in the trial were associated with the overall disease activity trajectory, supporting the feasibility of performing adaptive trial designs in SLE.
Choriocarcinoma brain metastasis in a patient in the third trimester: a case report
Authors: Shen Chunjuan , Ai Ling , Li Kai , Cao Yunfei , Wu Hanbing , Sun Dandan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Metastatic choriocarcinoma in the third trimester of pregnancy is extremely rare.

Case presentation
A 25-year-old Chinese woman (gravida 3, para 0) who was 28 weeks pregnant was admitted for sudden convulsion, aconuresis, and unconsciousness. The decision was made to perform an emergency cesarean delivery and craniotomy, hematoma clearance, and decompression. Pathological examination confirmed choriocarcinoma with brain metastasis. The patient underwent chemotherapy with the etoposide, cisplatin (EP) and etoposide, methotrexate and dactinomycin alternating with cyclophosphamide and vincristine (EMACO) regimens. A satisfactory result was achieved.

Conclusions
When encountering intracranial mass or bilateral pulmonary nodules in a pregnant woman, especially one in the third trimester, metastatic choriocarcinoma should be considered.
Successful amnioinfusion for severe fetal growth restriction with umbilical cord complications: two case reports
Authors: Katsura Daisuke , Takahashi Yuichiro , Iwagaki Shigenori , Chiaki Rika , Asai Kazuhiko , Koike Masako , Tsuji Shunichiro , Kimura Fuminori , Murakami Takashi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is no established treatment for fetal growth restriction during pregnancy. We report two cases that represent an example of an amnioinfusion-based management strategy for severe fetal growth restriction with umbilical cord complications.Case presentationWe encountered two cases of fetal growth restriction with abnormal fetal Doppler velocity. In one case, fetal ultrasound revealed a hypercoiled umbilical cord with a single umbilical artery and oligohydramnios, while fetal Doppler revealed a reversed end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery and reversed a-waves of the ductus venosus. Umbilical cord compression was confirmed at 22 weeks and 2 days of gestation, and nine amnioinfusions were performed to relieve the umbilical cord compression. A cesarean section was performed at 31 weeks and 2 days of gestation because of severe preeclampsia. The Asian infant is now a normally developed 6-month-old. In another Asian case, fetal ultrasound revealed a hypercoiled cord, while fetal Doppler revealed a reversed end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery and intermittent reversed a-waves of the ductus venosus. Umbilical cord compression was confirmed at 24 weeks and 5 days of gestation, and seven amnioinfusions were performed. A cesarean section was performed at 31 weeks and 1 day of gestation because of nonreassuring fetal status. At the age of 1 month, the Asian infant was stable on respiratory circulation. In both cases, fetal Doppler findings improved significantly following amnioinfusions.ConclusionsAmnioinfusion is a symptomatic treatment for umbilical cord compression. However, to determine the therapeutic effect of amnioinfusion, complete resolution of the umbilical cord compression should be ascertained by ultrasonography.
Antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of non-cytotoxic extracts of corticolous lichens sampled in Armenia
Authors: Sargsyan Razmik , Gasparyan Arsen , Tadevosyan Gohar , Panosyan Hovik 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDue to wide range of secondary metabolites, lichens were used from antiquity as sources of colorants, perfumes and medicaments. This research focuses on exploring the antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of methanol, ethanol, acetone extracts and aqueous infusions of corticolous lichens sampled from Armenia. Methanol, ethanol and acetone extracts from all tested lichens were active against Gram-positive bacterial strains. The most effective solvent to retrieve antimicrobial compounds was methanol. Aqueous infusions of tested lichens didn’t show any significant antibacterial and antifungal activity. The highest antimicrobial activity was observed for methanol extract ofRamalina sinensis. The minimum inhibitory concentration of methanol extract ofRamalina sinensiswere 0.9–1.8 mg mL− 1.Pseudevernia furfuraceademonstrated antifungal activity (Ø 12 mm). Methanol extract ofParmelia sulcatademonstrated largest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (71 %). The cytotoxicity was measured on human HeLa (cervical carcinoma) cell lines using microculture tetrazolium test assay. The IC50values estimated for methanol extracts ofPeltigera praetextata, Evernia prunastri, Ramalina sinensisandRamalina farinaceaspecies in HeLa cell line were within 1.8–2.8 mg mL− 1and considered as non-cytotoxic. Obtained results suggest that studied lichens can be prospective in biotechnologies as alternative sources of antimicrobial and antioxidant substances.
Seasonal burden of severe influenza virus infection in the critically ill patients, using the Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris clinical data warehouse: a pilot study
Authors: Fartoukh Muriel , Voiriot Guillaume , Guérin Laurent , Ricard Jean Damien , Combes Alain , Faure Morgane , Benghanem Sarah , de Montmollin Etienne , Tandjaoui-Lambiotte Yacine , Vieillard-Baron Antoine , Maury Eric , Diehl Jean-Luc , Razazi Keyvan , Lemiale Virginie , Trouiller Pierre , Planquette Benjamin , Savale Laurent , Heming Nicholas , Marey Jonathan ,   AP-HP Clinical Data Warehouse, Carrat Fabrice , Lapidus Nathanael ,   The EPIcuFLU_APHP Group, Djibré Michel , Teboul Jean Louis , Messika Jonathan , Demoule Alexandre , Mira Jean Paul , Timsit Jean-François , Cohen Yves , Page Bernard , Mekontso Dessap Armand , Azoulay Elie , Sanchez Olivier , Humbert Marc , Annane Djillali , Roche Nicolas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
At the critical care level, the flu surveillance system is limited in France, with heterogeneous regional modalities of implementation.

Materials, patients and methods
We aimed at assessing the relevance of the Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) clinical data warehouse for estimating the burden of the influenza epidemic on medical adult critical care units of the AP-HP, and outcome of patients during the flu season 2017–2018. This exploratory multi-site epidemiological study comprised all consecutive adult stays (n = 320) in 18 medical intensive care units (ICU) or intermediate care wards (ICW) for probable or confirmed Influenza virus infection during the 2017–2018 flu season.

Results
Patients admitted to ICU/ICW had low vaccination coverage (21%), required life support in 60% of cases, stayed in the ICU for a median of 8 days, and had high 28-day mortality rate (19.7%; 95% confidence interval 15.5–24.5). Early prognostic factors included age, core temperature, the acute organ failures score, and the early administration of antiviral therapy.

Conclusions
Data directly extracted from the electronic medical records stored in the data warehouse provide detailed clinical, care pathway and prognosis information. The real-time availability should enable to detect and assess the burden of the most severe cases. By a firmer and more acute monitoring and adjustment of care and patient management, hospitals could generate more ICU/ICW capacities, sensitize their emergency department and contribute to the recommendations from health authorities. This pilot study is of particular relevance in the context of emerging epidemics of severe acute respiratory diseases.
Hyers–Ulam stability of first-order linear differential equations using Aboodh transform
Authors: Murali Ramdoss , Selvan Arumugam Ponmana , Baskaran Sanmugam , Park Choonkil , Lee Jung Rye 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe main aim of this paper is to investigate various types of Ulam stability and Mittag-Leffler stability of linear differential equations of first order with constant coefficients using the Aboodh transform method. We also obtain the Hyers–Ulam stability constants of these differential equations using the Aboodh transform and some examples to illustrate our main results are given.
Fractional dynamic system simulating the growth of microbe
Authors: Hadid Samir B. , Ibrahim Rabha W. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThere are different approaches that indicate the dynamic of the growth of microbe. In this research, we simulate the growth by utilizing the concept of fractional calculus. We investigate a fractional system of integro-differential equations, which covers the subtleties of the diffusion between infected and asymptomatic cases. The suggested system is applicable to distinguish the presentation of growth level of the infection and to approve if its mechanism is positively active. An optimal solution under simulation mapping assets is considered. The estimated numerical solution is indicated by employing the fractional Tutte polynomials. Our methodology is based on the Atangana–Baleanu calculus (ABC). We assess the recommended system by utilizing real data.
Origins and pathways of deeply derived carbon and fluids observed in hot spring waters from non-active volcanic fields, western Kumamoto, Japan
Authors: Hosono Takahiro , Yamanaka Chikashige 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNatural springs containing volcanic and magmatic components occur in association with these activities. However, features of deeply originated fluids and solutes were less documented from fields, where active volcanic and magmatic activities are not distributed. To characterize the presence of deep components and identify their major pathways 28 groundwater samples (~ 1230 m deep) were collected from hot spring sites located at western coast of Kumamoto, southwestern Japan, where the typical subduction related magmatisms are absent. The samples were measured for dissolved ion concentrations and stable isotope ratios (δ2HH2O, δ18OH2O, δ13CDIC and δ34SSO4) that were compared with data of 33 water samples from vicinity surface systems. The groundwaters were classified into three types based on major hydrochemistry: high Cl− fluid, low concentration fluid, and high HCO3− fluid. Our data set suggests that the high Cl− fluid was formed by saline water mixing with aquifer waters of meteoric origin and subsequently evolved by reverse cation exchange. The low concentration fluid is identical to regional aquifer water of meteoric origin that was subjected to cation exchange. The high HCO3− fluid showed the highest HCO3− concentrations (~ 3,888 mg/l) with the highest δ13CDIC (up to − 1.9‰). Based on our carbon mixing model and observed δ2HH2O and δ18OH2O shifts, it is suggested that dissolved carbon of mantle origin and small fraction of fluids generated in deep crust were transported towards surface through structural weakness under open tectonic setting. These deeply derived components were then mixed with waters in the surface systems and diluted. Their impacts on surface hydrological systems were limited in space except few locations, where deeply connected pathways are anticipated along active structural deformations.
High-level de novo biosynthesis of glycosylated zeaxanthin and astaxanthin in Escherichia coli
Authors: Chen Xixian , Lim Xiaohui , Bouin Aurélie , Lautier Thomas , Zhang Congqiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBecause of wide applications in food, feed, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, the carotenoid market is growing rapidly. Most carotenoids are hydrophobic, which limits their bioavailability. Glycosylation is a natural route that substantially increases the water solubility, as well as the bioavailability, photostability and biological activities of carotenoids. Here, we report metabolic engineering efforts (e.g., promoter and RBS engineering, optimization of carbon sources and supplementation of bottleneck genes) to produce glycosylated carotenoids in Escherichia coli. By fine-tuning the carotenoid-biosynthetic genes (crtX, crtZ and crtY), our strain produced up to 47.2 mg/L (~ 11,670 ppm) of zeaxanthin glucosides, ~ 78% of the total carotenoids produced. In another construct with mevalonate, astaxanthin pathway and crtX genes, the strain produced a mixture of carotenoid glucosides including astaxanthin and adonixanthin glucosides with a total yield of 8.1 mg/L (1774 ppm). Our work demonstrated a proof-of-concept study for the microbial biosynthesis of glycosylated carotenoids.