bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric myelodysplastic syndrome with inflammatory manifestations: Diagnosis, genetics, treatment, and outcome
Authors: Yanir Asaf D. , Krauss Aviva , Stein Jerry , Steinberg‐Shemer Orna , Gilad Oded , Lotan Sharon Noy , Dgany Orly , Krasnov Tatyana , Kodman Yona , Feuerstein Tamar , Mardoukh Jacques , Fishman Hila , Geron Ifat , Yacobovich Joanne , Tamary Hannah , Birger Yehudit , Avrahami Galia , Izraeli Shai , Birenboim Shlomit Barzilai 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundInflammatory manifestations (IM) are well described in adult patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), but the presentation is highly variable and no standardized treatment exists. This phenomenon is rarely reported in children. As more pediatric patients are hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) candidates, the role of anti‐inflammatory treatment in relation to HSCT should be defined.ProcedureHere, we report a series of five children from a tertiary center. We describe the clinical presentation, molecular findings, and treatment options.ResultsAll patients presented with advanced MDS with blast percentages ranging 10–30%, all had severe IM. One patient had MDS secondary to severe congenital neutropenia, the other four patients had presumably primary MDS. All four were found to harbor a PTPN11 gene driver mutation, which is found in 35% of cases of juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). The mutation was present in the myeloid lineage but not in T lymphocytes. Three had symptoms of Behcet's‐like disease with trisomy 8 in their bone marrow. All patients were treated with anti‐inflammatory medications (mainly systemic steroids) in an attempt to bring them to allogeneic HSCT in a better clinical condition. All demonstrated clinical improvement as well as regression in their MDS status post anti‐inflammatory treatment. All have recovered from both MDS and their inflammatory symptoms post HSCT.ConclusionPrimary pediatric MDS with IM is driven in some cases by PTPN11 mutations, and might be on the clinical spectrum of JMML. Anti‐inflammatory treatment may reverse MDS progression and improve the outcome of subsequent HSCT.
Deep‐learning‐based pipeline for module power prediction from electroluminescense measurements
Authors: Hoffmann Mathis , Buerhop‐Lutz Claudia , Reeb Luca , Pickel Tobias , Winkler Thilo , Doll Bernd , Würfl Tobias , Marius Peters Ian , Brabec Christoph , Maier Andreas , Christlein Vincent 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAutomated inspection plays an important role in monitoring large‐scale photovoltaic power plants. Commonly, electroluminescense measurements are used to identify various types of defects on solar modules, but have not been used to determine the power of a module. However, knowledge of the power at maximum power point is important as well, since drops in the power of a single module can affect the performance of an entire string. By now, this is commonly determined by measurements that require to discontact or even dismount the module, rendering a regular inspection of individual modules infeasible. In this work, we bridge the gap between electroluminescense measurements and the power determination of a module. We compile a large dataset of 719 electroluminescense measurements of modules at various stages of degradation, especially cell cracks and fractures, and the corresponding power at maximum power point. Here, we focus on inactive regions and cracks as the predominant type of defect. We set up a baseline regression model to predict the power from electroluminescense measurements with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 9.0 ± 8.4WP (4.0 ± 3.7%). Then, we show that deep learning can be used to train a model that performs significantly better (7.3 ± 6.5WP or 3.2 ± 2.7%) and propose a variant of class activation maps to obtain the per cell power loss, as predicted by the model. With this work, we aim to open a new research topic. Therefore, we publicly release the dataset, the code, and trained models to empower other researchers to compare against our results. Finally, we present a thorough evaluation of certain boundary conditions like the dataset size and an automated preprocessing pipeline for on‐site measurements showing multiple modules at once.
FUS oncofusion protein condensates recruit mSWI/SNF chromatin remodeler via heterotypic interactions between prion‐like domains
Authors: Davis Richoo B. , Kaur Taranpreet , Moosa Mahdi Muhammad , Banerjee Priya R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFusion transcription factors generated by genomic translocations are common drivers of several types of cancers including sarcomas and leukemias. Oncofusions of the FET (FUS, EWSR1, and TAF15) family proteins result from the fusion of the prion‐like domain (PLD) of FET proteins to the DNA‐binding domain (DBD) of certain transcription regulators and are implicated in aberrant transcriptional programs through interactions with chromatin remodelers. Here, we show that FUS‐DDIT3, a FET oncofusion protein, undergoes PLD‐mediated phase separation into liquid‐like condensates. Nuclear FUS‐DDIT3 condensates can recruit essential components of the global transcriptional machinery such as the chromatin remodeler SWI/SNF. The recruitment of mammalian SWI/SNF (mSWI/SNF) is driven by heterotypic PLD‐PLD interactions between FUS‐DDIT3 and core subunits of SWI/SNF, such as the catalytic component BRG1. Further experiments with single‐molecule correlative force‐fluorescence microscopy support a model wherein the fusion protein forms condensates on DNA surface and enrich BRG1 to activate transcription by ectopic chromatin remodeling. Similar PLD‐driven co‐condensation of mSWI/SNF with transcription factors can be employed by other oncogenic fusion proteins with a generic PLD‐DBD domain architecture for global transcriptional reprogramming.
Planetary, inertia–gravity and Kelvin waves on the f‐plane and β‐plane in the presence of a uniform zonal flow
Authors: De‐Leon Yair , Fouxon Itzhak , Garfinkel Chaim I. , Paldor Nathan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA linear wave theory of the Rotating Shallow‐Water Equations (RSWE) is developed in a channel on the midlatitude f‐plane or ‐plane in the presence of a uniform mean zonal flow that is balanced geostrophically by a meridional gradient of the fluid surface height. Here we show that this surface height gradient is a potential vorticity (PV) source that generates Rossby waves even on the f‐plane similar to the generation of these waves by PV sources such as the ‐effect, shear of the mean flow and bottom topography. Numerical solutions of the RSWE show that the resulting Rossby, Poincaré and “Kelvin‐like” waves differ from their counterparts without mean flow in both their phase speeds and meridional structures. Doppler shifting of the “no mean‐flow” phase speeds does not account for the difference in phase speeds, and the meridional structure is often trapped near one of the channel's boundaries and does not oscillate across the channel. A comparison between the phase speeds of Rossby waves of the present theory and those of the Quasi‐Geostrophic Shallow‐Water (QG‐SW) theory shows that the former can be 2.5 times faster than those of the QG‐SW theory. The phase speed of “Kelvin‐like” waves is modified by the presence of a mean flow compared to the classical gravity wave speed, and furthermore their meridional velocity does not vanish. The gaps between the dispersion curves of adjacent Poincaré modes are not uniform but change with the zonal wave number, and the convexity of the dispersion curves also changes with the zonal wave number. These results have implications for the propagation of Rossby wave packets: QG theory overestimates the zonal group velocity.
Observer‐based adaptive neural output‐feedback event‐triggered control for discrete‐time nonlinear systems using variable substitution
Authors: Wang Min , Huang Longwang , Zhao Zhijia , Yang Chenguang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper, an event‐triggered adaptive neural output feedback control scheme is developed for a class of uncertain discrete‐time strict‐feedback nonlinear systems subject to immeasurable system states and network resource limitation. Ani‐step ahead predictor is synthesized to obtain the future signal of the reference orbit. By combining the neural observer and the variable substitution technology, an event‐triggered adaptive neural control scheme is developed, thereby estimating the immeasurable system states and avoiding then‐step delays of the existing controller. To promote the transient system performance, an improved triggering condition is designed to increase the number of triggering events in the transient process. The stability analysis of the closed‐loop system is divided into two parts to deal with the challenge from the simultaneous presence of state estimations, unknown system dynamics, and aperiodical controller weight updating laws. The proposed scheme achieves the state estimation, guarantees the output tracking performance with the improved transient control performance, and reduces the communication resource. Simulation studies on a numerical example and a networked robot manipulator are, respectively, implemented to show the validity of the proposed scheme.
Prevalence, Determinants and Perception of Use of Skin Lightening Products Among Female Medical Undergraduates in Nigeria
Authors: Egbi O. G. , Kasia B. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Skin Lightening Products (SLP) are common in Africa especially in Nigeria. Adverse effects from these products present a public health concern. Data on the use of these products among medical students is scanty.

Objectives
The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence, determinants and perception of use of SLP among female undergraduate medical students in Nigeria.

Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among female medical students selected by convenient sampling. An on-line survey was done with google forms using a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire containing participants’ biodata, history, pattern and perception of use of SLP. Data was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0.

Results
A total of 110 respondents completed the study with over half (62; 56.4%) of them ranging between 20 and 24 years of age. The prevalence of SLP use was 45/110(40.9%) with facial cleansers being the commonest product used [23/45(51.1%)]. Over 80% of participants knew SLP could cause adverse effects with ‘skin irritation’ being the most identified [71/110(64.5%)]. Although most (80%) respondents did not think that light skin was superior to dark skin, ‘removal of discoloration/dark spots’ (40%) and ‘cosmetic reasons’ (37.8%) were the commonest reasons for use. Determinants of use of SLP were light skin color (OR 3.8, 1.572–9.318), history of use among relatives (OR 3.3, 1.384–7.793) and awareness of adverse effects (OR 3.3, 1.129–9.740).

Conclusion
The prevalence of use of SLP was quite high among the respondents and was predicted by ‘skin color’, ‘use among relatives’ and ‘awareness of adverse effects’. Education of the general public on their adverse effects is paramount to avoid harmful use.
Air‐Processed MAPbBr3 Perovskite Thin Film with Ultrastability and Enhanced Amplified Spontaneous Emission
Authors: Wang Zhujun , Luo Mengyi , Liu Yanghua , Li Maohan , Pi Mingyu , Yang Jie , Chen Yonghua , Zhang Zeyu , Du Juan , Zhang Dingke , Liu Zhengzheng , Chen Shijian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe poor stability, in particular with respect to temperature, moisture, and light exposure, remains a ubiquitous impediment virtually for metal halide perovskite materials and devices in their future practical application. Herein, from the perspective of precursor solution chemistry, ionic liquid solvent methylammonium acetate (MAAc) is introduced to prepare high‐quality MAPbBr3 perovskite thin films in a one‐step air‐processing process without anti‐solvent treatment. Due to formation of pinhole‐free, uniform, and compact MAPbBr3 perovskite film, excellent amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) with high emission efficiency and low threshold is obtained under nanosecond laser. Furthermore, the prepared MAPbBr3 perovskite exhibits excellent two‐photon induced ASE with a low threshold of 100 µJ cm−2 under 800 nm femtosecond laser excitation. More importantly, in comparison with the traditional MAPbBr3 films prepared with N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the MAPbBr3 film prepared with MAAc shows excellent optical stability: no signs of degradation under more than 2 h pulsed laser excitation, stable ASE emission spectra under the humidity of 95% and ASE spectra can be stimulated when films are kept in air for more than 6000 h without encapsulation.
Phishing email strategies: Understanding cybercriminals' strategies of crafting phishing emails
Authors: Stojnic Tatyana , Vatsalan Dinusha , Arachchilage Nalin A. G. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIt is a known fact that cybercriminals often manipulate people to steal sensitive information. However, there has been a lack of research in investigating cybercriminals' strategies and the evolution of strategies when crafting phishing emails to entice people to perform a variety of malicious tasks such as clicking on fraudulent links. This study uses a combination of Natural Language Processing (NLP), topic modeling, and clustering techniques to analyze and evaluate the persuasive techniques/strategies, which cybercriminals use when crafting fraudulent emails. Our experimental results revealed the efficacy of using these techniques in understanding cybercriminals' mindset as well as how certain aspects of these techniques maintained consistency despite the evolution of the strategy from early Nigerian scams to more modern phishing emails. The findings of our study indicate that the most common technique/strategy used by cybercriminals is a combination of creating a sense of urgency while promising a reward. Moreover, despite the evolution of technology, cybercriminals are still effectively using the same persuasive techniques. Based on our findings, we provided several recommendations to improve anti‐phishing software and awareness and training programs.
Model‐driven architecture based security analysis
Authors: Mili Saoussen , Nguyen Nga , Chelouah Rachid 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a Model‐Driven Architecture approach for the development of an embedded system validation platform namely Model‐Based Security Analysis for Embedded Systems (MBSAES). The security properties are formally modeled and verified at an early stage of the design process of the system, which helps to reduce late errors and development time. A separation of the attack scenarios and the system design from the implementation details has been respected. To transform semi‐formal models from SysML to NuSVM model checking platform, two Model‐to‐Text, horizontal and exogenous transformations have been implemented. The first one employs a programming approach with Java to create a Computational Tree Logic specification from an Extended Attack Tree, whereas the second one uses a template approach with Acceleo to generate NuSMV code from SysML structural and behavioral models. To illustrate our approach, a case study, involving attacks aiming to unlock car door systems, via signal jamming and code replaying, is considered. The results of this research will contribute to the automatic validation of system designs against security vulnerabilities via a database of extended attack trees building from existing atomic attacks.
Effects of manganese on microglia M1/M2 polarization and SIRT1‐mediated transcription of STAT3‐dependent genes in mouse
Authors: Yan Dongying , Gao Liang , Lang Jing , Gao Xianhui , Ma Honglin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOverexposure to manganese (Mn) can lead to neurological diseases, characterized by behavioral and motor impairments. Microglia‐mediated neuroinflammation is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Microglial M1 and M2 phenotypes play pro‐inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory roles, respectively, in response to microenvironmental disturbances. Silent information regulator (SIRT1) has been demonstrated to play an important role in the neuroinflammatory response by deacetylating various transcription factors, such as proliferator‐activated receptor γ coactivator 1α (PGC‐1α), nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). In addition, PGC‐1α and STAT3 have been implicated in microglial polarization and inflammatory response. In this study, Mn exposure (50, 100, 200 μmol/kg) induced neuroinflammatory injury and interfered with microglial M1/M2 polarization in mice, as indicated by the upregulated expression of M1 polarization marker mRNA (IL‐1β, IL‐6, TNF‐α, and iNOS), whereas changes in M2 polarization markers (IL‐4, TGF‐β, and Arg1) varied, with some increasing and some decreasing, in response to increasing Mn doses, which was consistent with the flow cytometry results used to detect the percentages of each microglial type. We found that Mn could downregulate SIRT1 expression and activate NF‐κB signaling. Following mice in the 200 μmol/kg Mn treatment, STAT3 and PGC‐1α levels in the nuclear fraction both significantly decreased, and the interaction between the proteins decreased, affecting the transcription of STAT3‐mediated genes. These findings provide new insights regarding the role played by Mn neurotoxicity in the suppression of neuroinflammation through the regulation of microglial polarization.
Emerging technologies for mixed industrial wastewater treatment in developing countries: An overview
Authors: Nidheesh Puthiya Veetil , Ravindran Vyshakh , Gopinath Ashitha , Kumar M. Suresh 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTreatment of mixed industrial wastewater is a great challenge in common effluent treatment plants due to the complex nature of wastewater from different industries. This review outlines the emerging technologies adopted for mixed industrial wastewater treatment in developing nations. The potential for integrating two or more technologies to enhance treatment efficiency is also addressed. Major issues associated with mixed industrial wastewater treatment were found to be low biodegradable nature and presence of toxic compounds in wastewater. Moreover, the composition of wastewater fluctuates and differs significantly from the composition considered during the design of common effluent treatment plants. Biological methods, constructed wetlands, membrane separation methods, electrochemical methods, and advanced oxidation processes are some of the techniques that have been applied for the treatment of mixed industrial wastewater. Advanced oxidation process–based treatment methods were found to be very efficient as the process was able to improve biodegradability and reduce toxicity levels of wastewater along with a significant reduction in organic carbon. Among the biological methods and constructed wetlands, hybrid or integrated technologies were found effective to reduce the contamination level of wastewater. Implementation, operation, and maintenance of technologies mentioned above in a real field would be the thrust areas for future research.
Chronic health conditions and voter turnout: Results from the 2012 United States presidential election
Authors: M. McGuire Cydney , Rahn Wendy , E. Gollust Sarah 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study examined associations between diagnoses with five chronic health conditions (diabetes, cancer, heart disease, asthma, and arthritis) and turnout in the 2012 US presidential election. We used cross‐sectional survey data from 16 states from the 2013 and 2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. We estimated a logistic regression model with the main dependent variable as a survey item asking respondents if they voted. We also estimated logistic regression models stratified by race/ethnicity to assess whether the chronic health condition–turnout relationships varied within each racial/ethnic group. Results show that individuals diagnosed with diabetes were 7 percentage‐points more likely to vote that those who were not. Stratified models revealed these diabetes–turnout relationships are particularly strong among those who identified as Hispanic and multiracial. Other health characteristics demonstrated consistency with previous literature, including lower self‐rated health being associated with lower odds of turnout. Our research suggests an intriguing new relationship between the experience of diabetes and a higher propensity to vote and that different chronic health conditions have varying associations with the likelihood to vote, implying that some groups are more vulnerable to being underrepresented in politics.
Standard model from a supergravity model with a naturally small cosmological constant
Authors: Li Shing Yan , Qiu Yu-Cheng , Tye S.-H. Henry 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Guided by the naturalness criterion for an exponentially small cosmological constant, we present a string theory motivated 4-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 non-linear supergravity model (or its linear version with a nilpotent superfield) with spontaneous supersymmetry breaking. The model encompasses the minimal supersymmetric standard model, the racetrack Kähler uplift, and the KKLT anti-D3-branes, and use the nilpotent superfield to project out the undesirable interaction terms as well as the unwanted degrees of freedom to end up with the standard model (not the supersymmetric version) of strong and electroweak interactions.
Tripartite entanglement and quantum correlation
Authors: Guo Xingyu , Ma Chen-Te 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We provide an analytical tripartite-study from the generalized R-matrix. It provides the upper bound of the maximum violation of Mermin’s inequality. For a generic 2-qubit pure state, the concurrence or R-matrix characterizes the maximum violation of Bell’s inequality. Therefore, people expect that the maximum violation should be proper to quantify Quantum Entanglement. The R-matrix gives the maximum violation of Bell’s inequality. For a general 3-qubit state, we have five invariant entanglement quantities up to local unitary transformations. We show that the five invariant quantities describe the correlation in the generalized R-matrix. The violation of Mermin’s inequality is not a proper diagnosis due to the non-monotonic behavior. We then classify 3-qubit quantum states. Each classification quantifies Quantum Entanglement by the total concurrence. In the end, we relate the experiment correlators to Quantum Entanglement.
Entanglement entropy in cubic gravitational theories
Authors: Cáceres Elena , Vásquez Rodrigo Castillo , López Alejandro Vilar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We derive the holographic entanglement entropy functional for a generic gravitational theory whose action contains terms up to cubic order in the Riemann tensor, and in any dimension. This is the simplest case for which the so-called splitting problem manifests itself, and we explicitly show that the two common splittings present in the literature — minimal and non-minimal — produce different functionals. We apply our results to the particular examples of a boundary disk and a boundary strip in a state dual to 4- dimensional Poincaré AdS in Einsteinian Cubic Gravity, obtaining the bulk entanglement surface for both functionals and finding that causal wedge inclusion is respected for both splittings and a wide range of values of the cubic coupling.