bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of femoral triangle block and infiltration between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the posterior knee (iPACK) versus local infiltration analgesia for analgesia after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a randomized controlled triple-blinded trial
Authors: Martin Robin , Kirkham Kyle Robert , Ngo Trieu Hoai Nam , Gonvers Erin , Lambert Jean , Albrecht Eric 
Published: May 2021

Background and objectives
Femoral triangle block and local infiltration analgesia are two effective analgesic techniques after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Recently, the iPACK block (infiltration between the popliteal artery and the capsule of the posterior knee) has been described to relieve posterior knee pain. This randomized controlled triple-blinded trial tested the hypothesis that the combination of femoral triangle block and iPACK provides superior analgesia to local infiltration analgesia after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Methods
Sixty patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction received general anesthesia and were randomly allocated to two groups: femoral triangle block and iPACK under ultrasound guidance or local infiltration analgesia. For each group, a total of 160 mg of ropivacaine was injected. Postoperative pain treatment followed a predefined protocol with intravenous morphine patient-controlled analgesia, acetaminophen, and ibuprofen. The primary outcome was cumulative intravenous morphine consumption at 24 hours postoperatively. Secondary pain-related outcomes included pain scores (Numeric Rating Scale out of 10) measured at 2 and 24 hours postoperatively. Functional outcomes, such as range of motion and quadriceps strength, were also recorded at 24 postoperative hours, and at 4 and 8 postoperative months.

Results
Cumulative intravenous morphine consumption at 24 hours postoperatively was significantly reduced in the femoral triangle block and iPACK group (femoral triangle block and iPACK: 9.7 mg (95% CI: 6.7 to 12.7); local infiltration analgesia: 17.0 mg (95% CI: 11.1 to 23.0), p=0.03). Other pain-related and functional-related outcomes were similar between groups.

Conclusions
The combination of femoral triangle block and iPACK reduces intravenous morphine consumption during the first 24 hours after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, when compared with local infiltration analgesia, without effect on other pain-related, early, or late functional-related outcomes.

Trial registration number

ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (
NCT03680716
).
Yang–Mills black holes in quasitopological gravity
Authors: Naeimipour Fatemeh , Mirza Behrouz , Masoumi Jahromi Fatemeh 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we formulate two new classes of black hole solutions in higher curvature quartic quasitopological gravity with nonabelian Yang–Mills theory. At first step, we consider the SO(n) and $$SO(n-1,1)$$

S
O
(
n
-
1
,
1
)

semisimple gauge groups. We obtain the analytic quartic quasitopological Yang–Mills black hole solutions. Real solutions are only accessible for the positive value of the redefined quartic quasitopological gravity coefficient, $$\mu _{4}$$

μ
4

. These solutions have a finite value and an essential singularity at the origin, $$r=0$$

r
=
0

for space dimension higher than 8. We also probe the thermodynamic and critical behavior of the quasitopological Yang–Mills black hole. The obtained solutions may be thermally stable only in the canonical ensemble. They may also show a first order phase transition from a small to a large black hole. In the second step, we obtain the pure quasitopological Yang–Mills black hole solutions. For the positive cosmological constant and the space dimensions greater than eight, the pure quasitopological Yang–Mills solutions have the ability to produce both the asymptotically AdS and dS black holes for respectively the negative and positive constant curvatures, $$k=-1$$

k
=
-
1

and $$k=+1$$

k
=
+
1

. This is unlike the quasitopological Yang–Mills theory which can lead to just the asymptotically dS solutions for $$\Lambda >0$$

Λ
>
0

. The pure quasitopological Yang–Mills black hole is not thermally stable.
Pure Gauss–Bonnet NUT black hole with and without non-central singularity
Authors: Mukherjee Sajal , Dadhich Naresh 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIt is known that NUT solution has many interesting features and pathologies like being non-singular and having closed timelike curves. It turns out that in higher dimensions horizon topology cannot be spherical but it has instead to be product of 2-spheres so as to retain radial symmetry of spacetime. In this letter we wish to present a new solution of pure Gauss–Bonnet $$\Lambda $$
Λ
-vacuum equation describing a black hole with NUT charge. It has three interesting cases: (a) black hole with both event and cosmological horizons with singularity being hidden behind the former, (b) a regular spacetime free of both horizon and singularity, and (c) black hole with event horizon without singularity and cosmological horizon. Singularity here is always non-centric at $$r \ne 0$$

r
≠
0

.
Status of Sumatran Tiger in the Berbak-Sembilang landscape (2020)
Authors: Ariyanto Tomi , Dinata Yoan , Dwiyanto  , Sugito Waluyo , Turyanto Erwan , Kirklin Sophie , Amin Rajan 
Published: May 2021

Monitoring the status of the Critically Endangered Sumatran Tiger Panthera tigris sumatrae is a key component for assessing the effectiveness of conservation interventions, and thus informing and adapting strategic planning for the remaining 600 Sumatran Tigers on the island. The Berbak-Sembilang National Park is an integral part of the priority Berbak-Sembilang Tiger Conservation Landscape, in a unique habitat of mixed peat and freshwater swamp in eastern Sumatra. Our camera trap survey covered both the Berbak and Sembilang Tiger Core Areas (BTCA, STCA) over a period of 10 years, with surveys undertaken in 2010, 2015, 2018–2019. The most recent population density estimates (BTCA 1.33 adults/100 km2, 95% CI 0.82–1.91 with 19 adults; and STCA 0.56 adults/100 km2, 95% CI 0.45–0.89 with five adults) confirmed a small but stable population. A landscape level management approach is a priority for tiger population recovery, consolidating ground-based protection and establishing a well-maintained fire management system with reforestation of affected areas along with multi-stakeholder engagement and partnerships. The study also recommends extending the BTCA to include the primary swamp forest in the north of the national park, based on evidence from camera trap surveys.
New distribution records of two little known plant species, Hedychium longipedunculatum A.R.K. Sastry & D.M. Verma (Zingiberaceae) and Mazus dentatus Wall. ex Benth. (Scrophulariaceae), from Meghalaya, India
Authors: Murugesan M. 
Published: May 2021

The present paper deals with the two new report of little known species Hedychium longipedunculatum A.R.K. Sastry & D.M. Verma (Zingiberaceae) and Mazus dentatus Wall. ex Benth. (Scrophulariaceae) in Meghalaya. Photographic illustration, citation, detailed description along with distribution details and ecology were provided here for easy identification and future reference.
A note on the ecology and distribution of Little Bloodtail Lyriothemis acigastra Brauer, 1868 (Insecta: Odonata: Libellulidae) in Kerala, India
Authors: Jose Jeevan , Sherif Muhamed , Chandran A. Vivek 
Published: May 2021

The behaviour and ecology of an elusive dragonfly, Lyriothemis acigastra (Insecta: Odonata: Libellulidae) based on observations from Kadavoor Village, Ernakulam District, Kerala are detailed. Range extension of the species within Kerala after its first report in 2013 is also discussed.
Legal or unenforceable? Violations of trade regulations and the case of the Philippine Sailfin Lizard Hydrosaurus pustulatus (Reptilia: Squamata: Agamidae)
Authors: Heinrich Sarah , Toomes Adam , Janssen Jordi 
Published: May 2021

The Philippine Sailfin Lizard (Agamidae: Hydrosaurus pustulatus) is a nationally protected Philippine endemic species. It is threatened by habitat destruction, pollution and overexploitation for the domestic pet trade, yet less is known about the international component of the trade. Here we investigate the international trade in Hydrosaurus spp. (H. weberi, H. amboinensis, and H. pustulatus) with an emphasis on H. pustulatus. We analysed international seizures combined with international online sales and trade data for the United States of America (USA). The export of H. pustulatus from the Philippines has been prohibited since 1991, except under special circumstances, yet they continue to be traded internationally, and we found evidence for trade in Asia, Europe, and North America. Most of these animals, however, were declared to be captive-bred. While imports to and exports from the US consisted mostly of other species of Hydrosaurus, H. pustulatus was by far the most coveted species online, with prices significantly higher for H. pustulatus than any of the other species. While not many seizures have occurred outside the Philippines, even wild-caught individuals were found to be ‘legally’ imported to the USA – in apparent violation of the Lacey Act. We recommend H. pustulatus to be listed in CITES Appendix III, in order for countries other than the USA to have a legal basis to seize wild-caught animals trafficked from the Philippines and to monitor trade in captive-bred specimens. Further, we suggest the use of automated cross-referencing between imported species and the national protection status of the species’ native range states to ensure that legislation violations are detected at the point of import.
A Question of Composition: Constructing a Just Federal State in Ethiopia and Beyond
Authors: Rowe Colin W. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Federalism attempts to create a multilayered government in order to better accommodate the self-determination of regions or groups within its borders. For this reason, federalism is well suited for the diversity in Ethiopia and the many calls for self-determination within it. However, within Ethiopia and federal theory, there is little to no examination of the normative grounds for who should be accommodated in a federal state. This paper, situating itself in the context of Ethiopian federalism, addresses this theoretical and practical omission by producing a normative framework to assess the issues and questions of federal inclusion.
Ethiopia: The Interplay Between Federalism and Dominant Party Rule and the Sidama’s Quest for Statehood
Authors: Aalen Lovise 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Political parties are particularly important for the operation of federal systems. The way parties are organised might reinforce or corrode the federal division of power. Ethiopian federalism is a case in point: although the Constitution gives wide rights of autonomy for regional states, centralised party rule has undermined the regional states’ ability to determine their own affairs. In this paper, the Sidama’s quest for regional statehood is discussed. This quest has been suppressed until recently, when a split in the ruling party led to political liberalisation and a new party leadership. The change made it possible for the Sidama to conduct a referendum for a separate regional state in 2019, resulting in a new Sidama state in 2020. A new national centre-oriented Prosperity Party may however lead to a recentralisation, showing how federal structures are vulnerable to changes in national political power.
External and Internal Secession in Ethiopia’s Multinational Federation
Authors: Van der Beken Christophe 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The ethno-territorial nature of Ethiopian federalism finds its constitutional foundation in Article 39 of the Constitution. Article 39 grants a right to self-determination to all of Ethiopia’s ‘nations’, ‘nationalities’ and ‘peoples’. The right to self-determination as conceived by Article 39 is comprehensive and has both so-called internal (such as the right to territorial autonomy) and external dimensions (the right to secession). This article argues that these constitutional provisions display weaknesses and gaps since they affect the achievement of the constitutional objectives and involve serious risks for the rights of (persons belonging to) other ethnic groups. Although the right to self-determination is one of the fundamental constitutional principles, so is the respect for individual and group rights. Furthermore, the unity in diversity objective of the Constitution requires equilibrium between ethnic empowerment and human rights. The article therefore provides a number of legal recommendations to address these gaps and weaknesses.
Use of Radar Quantitative Precipitation Estimates (QPEs) for Improved Hydrological Model Calibration and Flood Forecasting
Authors: Wijayarathne Dayal , Coulibaly Paulin , Boodoo Sudesh , Sills David 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFlood forecasting is essential to minimize the impacts and costs of floods, especially in urbanized watersheds. Radar rainfall estimates are becoming increasingly popular in flood forecasting because they provide the much-needed real-time spatially distributed precipitation information. The current study evaluates the use of radar Quantitative Precipitation Estimates (QPEs) in hydrological model calibration for streamflow simulation and flood mapping in an urban setting. Firstly, S-band and C-band radar QPEs were integrated into event-based hydrological models to improve the calibration of model parameters. Then, rain gauge and radar precipitation estimates’ performances were compared for hydrological modeling in an urban watershed to assess radar QPE's effects on streamflow simulation accuracy. Finally, flood extent maps were produced using coupled hydrological-hydraulic models integrated within the Hydrologic Engineering Center- Real-Time Simulation (HEC-RTS) framework. It is shown that the bias correction of radar QPEs can enhance the hydrological model calibration. The radar-gauge merging obtained a KGE, MPFC, NSE, and VE improvement of about + 0.42, + 0.12, + 0.78, and − 0.23, respectively for S-band and + 0.64, + 0.36, + 1.12, and − 0.34, respectively for C-band radar QPEs. Merged radar QPEs are also helpful in running hydrological models calibrated using gauge data. The HEC-RTS framework can be used to produce flood forecast maps using the bias-corrected radar QPEs. Therefore, radar rainfall estimates could be efficiently used to forecast floods in urbanized areas for effective flood management and mitigation. Canadian flood forecasting systems could be efficiently updated by integrating bias-corrected radar QPEs to simulate streamflow and produce flood inundation maps.
Refinement of CrIS channel selection for global data assimilation and its impact on the global weather forecast
Authors: Noh Young-Chan , Huang Hung-Lung , Goldberg Mitchell D. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTo maximize the contribution of the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) measurements to the global weather forecasting, we attempt to choose the CrIS channels to be assimilated in the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Forecast System (GFS). From pre-selected 431 CrIS channels, 207 channels are newly selected using a one-dimensional variational (1D-Var) approach where the channel score index (CSI) is used as a figure of merit. Newly selected 207 channels consist of 85 temperature, 49 water vapor, and 73 surface channels, respectively. In addition, to examine how the channels are selected if the forecast error covariance is differently defined depending on the latitudinal regions (i.e., Northern and Southern Hemispheres, and tropics), the same selection process is carried out repeatedly using three regional forecast error covariances. From three regional channel sets, two-channel sets are made for the global data assimilation. One channel set is made with 134 channels overlapped between three regional channel sets. Another channel set consists of 277 channels that is the sum of three regional channel sets. In the global trial experiments, the global CrIS 207 channels have a significant positive forecast impact in terms of the improvement of GFS global forecasting, as compared with the forecasts with the operational 100 channels as well as the overlapped 134 and the union 277 channel sets. The improved forecast is mainly due to the additional temperature/water vapor channels of the global CrIS 207 channels that are selected optimally based on the global forecast error of operational GFS.
Outcomes of a pilot evaluation of a group urotherapy programme for children with complex elimination disorders: An Australian experience
Authors: Peck Blake , Terry Daniel , Martin Benita , Matthews Belinda , Green Andrea 
Published: May 2021

Evidence-based interventions have continued to show positive effects on both reducing symptoms and helping children with elimination disorders achieve continence and manage troubling psychological distress. Despite this, there is a group of children who do not respond to standard treatments and are classified as having a complex elimination disorder. As a means of addressing the broader clinical challenge and implications of complex elimination disorders, a team of clinicians in Germany developed the Urinary and Faecal Incontinence Training Program for Children and Adolescents. A pilot investigation was undertaken to apply the Urinary and Faecal Incontinence Training Program for Children and Adolescents programme to children aged 6–12 years in an Australian context who met the complex elimination disorder diagnostic criteria, to determine if any subsequent change in the measures of life quality and general well-being was achieved. Findings suggest a reduction in the frequency of the child’s symptoms and improvements in family quality of life measures. Qualitatively, children and parents perceived that their child’s ability to now respond to stimuli and in so doing avert severe accidents was a major outcome of the programme and was able to increase a child’s sense of acceptance of incontinence, improve levels of self-efficacy and increase self-awareness.
Impairment of human terminal erythroid differentiation by histone deacetylase 5 deficiency
Authors: Wang Yaomei , Li Wei , Schulz Vincent P. , Zhao Huizhi , Qu Xiaoli , Qi Qian , Cheng Yong , Guo Xinhua , Zhang Shijie , Wei Xin , Liu Donghao , Yazdanbakhsh Karina , Hillyer Christopher D. , Mohandas Narla , Chen Lixiang , Gallagher Patrick G. , An Xiuli 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a group of enzymes that catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from histone and nonhistone proteins. HDACs have been shown to have diverse functions in a wide range of biological processes. However, their roles in mammalian erythropoiesis remain to be fully defined. This study showed that, of the 11 classic HDAC family members, 6 (HDAC1, -2, -3, and HDAC5, -6, -7) are expressed in human erythroid cells, with HDAC5 most significantly upregulated during terminal erythroid differentiation. Knockdown of HDAC5 by either short hairpin RNA or small interfering RNA in human CD34+ cells followed by erythroid cell culture led to increased apoptosis, decreased chromatin condensation, and impaired enucleation of erythroblasts. Biochemical analyses revealed that HDAC5 deficiency resulted in activation of p53 in association with increased acetylation of p53. Furthermore, although acetylation of histone 4 (H4) is decreased during normal terminal erythroid differentiation, HDAC5 deficiency led to increased acetylation of H4 (K12) in late-stage erythroblasts. This increased acetylation was accompanied by decreased chromatin condensation, implying a role for H4 (K12) deacetylation in chromatin condensation. ATAC-seq and RNA sequencing analyses revealed that HDAC5 knockdown leads to increased chromatin accessibility genome-wide and global changes in gene expression. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of HDAC5 by the inhibitor LMK235 also led to increased H4 acetylation, impaired chromatin condensation, and enucleation. Taken together, our findings have uncovered previously unrecognized roles and molecular mechanisms of action for HDAC5 in human erythropoiesis. These results may provide insights into understanding the anemia associated with HDAC inhibitor treatment.
Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: a diagnostic and management challenge
Authors: Soussain Carole , Malaise Denis , Cassoux Nathalie 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) is a rare form of primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma (PCNSL) arising in the intraocular compartment without brain involvement. Despite its apparent indolent clinical course, PVRL can cause permanent vision loss and CNS relapse, the major cause of death in patients with PVRL. The pathophysiology of PVRL is unknown. As in PCNSL, the transformation of the tumor cells likely originates outside the CNS, before the cells migrate to the eye and proliferate within an immune-permissive microenvironment. PVRL exhibits a biased immunoglobulin repertoire, suggesting underlying antigen selection. The diagnosis remains challenging, requiring close coordination between ophthalmologists and cytologists. Because of their rarity and fragility in the vitreous, lymphoma cells cannot always be identified. Interleukin levels, molecular biology, and imaging are used in combination with clinical ophthalmological examination to support the diagnosis of PVRL. Multi-institutional prospective studies are urgently needed to validate the equivocal conclusions regarding treatments drawn from heterogeneous retrospective or small cohort studies. Intravitreal injection of methotrexate or rituximab or local radiotherapy is effective at clearing tumor cells within the eyes but does not prevent CNS relapse. Systemic treatment based on high-dose methotrexate chemotherapy, with or without local treatment, might reduce this risk. At relapse, intensive consolidation chemotherapy followed by stem cell transplantation can be considered. Single-agent ibrutinib, lenalidomide, and temozolomide treatments are effective in patients with relapsed PVRL and should be tested as first-line treatments. Therapeutic response assessment based on clinical examination is improved by measuring cytokine levels but still needs to be refined.
Invariant natural killer T-cell subsets have diverse graft-versus-host-disease–preventing and antitumor effects
Authors: Maas-Bauer Kristina , Lohmeyer Juliane K. , Hirai Toshihito , Ramos Teresa Lopes , Fazal Furqan M. , Litzenburger Ulrike M. , Yost Kathryn E. , Ribado Jessica V. , Kambham Neeraja , Wenokur Arielle S. , Lin Po-Yu , Alvarez Maite , Mavers Melissa , Baker Jeanette , Bhatt Ami S. , Chang Howard Y. , Simonetta Federico , Negrin Robert S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are a T-cell subset with potent immunomodulatory properties. Experimental evidence in mice and observational studies in humans indicate that iNKT cells have antitumor potential as well as the ability to suppress acute and chronic graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD). Murine iNKT cells differentiate during thymic development into iNKT1, iNKT2, and iNKT17 sublineages, which differ transcriptomically and epigenomically and have subset-specific developmental requirements. Whether distinct iNKT sublineages also differ in their antitumor effect and their ability to suppress GVHD is currently unknown. In this work, we generated highly purified murine iNKT sublineages, characterized their transcriptomic and epigenomic landscape, and assessed specific functions. We show that iNKT2 and iNKT17, but not iNKT1, cells efficiently suppress T-cell activation in vitro and mitigate murine acute GVHD in vivo. Conversely, we show that iNKT1 cells display the highest antitumor activity against murine B-cell lymphoma cells both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, we report for the first time that iNKT sublineages have distinct and different functions, with iNKT1 cells having the highest antitumor activity and iNKT2 and iNKT17 cells having immune-regulatory properties. These results have important implications for the translation of iNKT cell therapies to the clinic for cancer immunotherapy as well as for the prevention and treatment of GVHD.