bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental Health Problems in Health-Care Workers Working in COVID-19 Quarantine Centers
Authors: Meena Parth Singh , Jilowa Charan Singh , Sharma Anubhuti , Jain Mahendra , Nainwani Neelam , Palawat Manisha Singh , Ashish Parashar 
Published: October 2021

Background:
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic in India has put health-care workers (HCWs) under intense pressure and has led to immense psychological stress due to factors including a high risk of infection, inadequate protection from contamination, overwork, cutting-off with families, and exhaustion. The unprecedented stressful conditions are causing mental health problems such as stress, anxiety, depression, disturbed sleep, irritability, fear, and panic. The present study was carried out to investigate the mental health problems among HCWs working in close proximity with COVID-19 patients in quarantine centers and to explore the relevant influencing factors for the development of psychological interventions for them.

Subject and Methods:
HCWs working in COVID-19 quarantine centers in Ajmer were interviewed for exploring mental health problems in a cross-sectional study carried out at JLN Medical College, Ajmer, India. Depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress among HCWs were assessed using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Relevant data were analyzed, and comparisons between different groups were performed using the two independent sample t-tests. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software version 22.0 for Windows.

Results:
53.57% (n = 30) of participants were suffering from depressive symptoms, 64.28% (n = 36) were suffering from anxiety symptoms, and 78.6% (n = 47) were suffering from stress. HCWs living in joint families were more affected by depression (P = 0.02). Both anxiety and stress were more commonly reported by HCWs of age <30, females, nurses and those living in joint families, but difference was statistically insignificant.

Conclusion:
The present study demonstrated that a considerable number of HCWs were suffering from mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, and stress. It is important to have periodic mental health assessment of HCWs dealing with COVID-19 patients.
Comparative Therapeutic Efficiency of Remdesivir in COVID in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Munirathnam Mahendra , Kishore R. , Sanjana S. N. , Archita R. , Mohan C. N. , Gandhi Rajeshwari Gandhi , Mohan Manjushree , Mulla Bhahuddin 
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
The catastrophic effects of corona in 2020 identified the use of broad-spectrum antiviral remdesivir (RDV). The beneficial effects of RDV are not proven and documented in many trials in COVID.

Materials and Methods:
Reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed cohort cases of COVID were retrospectively analyzed for outcomes including mortality and clinical improvement with and without RDV during the period September 21, 2020–October 9, 2020. The data were analyzed statistically for outcome in COVID. The present study was carried out to evaluate the clinical benefits of RDV and its outcomes in COVID.

Results:
A total of 91 RT-PCR positive COVID patients were grouped into 37 RDV (41%) and 54 non-RDV (51%). The mean age was 51 and 55. Male-to-female ratio of 67:32 and 65:35 in the RDV and non-RDV groups was found, indicating male predominance in the study. The recovery time for COVID was 11 days with a cure rate of 78% in the RDV group, while it was 21 days with 98% in the non-RDV group. A statistical significant association was found between RDV and the need for oxygen support (hypoxic patients) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV). Twenty-seven percent in RDV group needed NIV (P = 0.009). Morbidity and mortality were 19% (7) and 22% (8) and 7% (4) and 2% (1) in the RDV and non-RDV groups, respectively.

Conclusion:
RDV use in COVID was associated with increased mortality (22% vs. 2%) but reduced duration of hospitalization by 50% as compared to non-RDV group. Early identification of hypoxia plays an important role in COVID management for initiating RDV treatment.
Study of Impact of Comorbidities on Patients with COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Rohith M. G. , Monika N. , Rajanna Avinash Hannabe , Ravi K. 
Published: October 2021

Aim:
To study the impact of comorbidities on patients with COVID-19 infection.

Materials and Methods:
A single center, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted among SARS-CoV-2 infected patients from March 2020 to July 2020. The diagnosis was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Various comorbidities were studied to know the treatment outcomes and mortality risk in COVID-19 positive patients.

Results:
A total of 1977 COVID-19 patients were studied. The mean age was 43.89 ± 15.58 years and had male preponderance of 61.56% of the total subjects. Death rates increased linearly with age in decades with highest fatality rate among those who are aged more than 70 years (21.9%). Among those who died, 73 (52.9%) had both hypertension and diabetes associated with microvascular or macrovascular complications. The overall case fatality rate (CFR) among patients with comorbidities was 12.38%. Among subgroup of comorbidities, Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients had highest CFR (32%) followed by patients with both hypertension and diabetes (17.5%). Delayed viral clearance is seen in patients with diabetes (33.3%).

Conclusion:
COVID-19 infection seems to cause high mortality in older individuals (>50 years) with male preponderance. Patients with diabetes and hypertension associated with microvascular or macrovascular complications and CKD patients are at increased risk of disease severity and mortality. Recovery time is also increased in patients with comorbidities mainly diabetes mellitus.
Predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients admitted with Congestive Heart failure (HF) in a general medical ward – A case-control study from a tertiary care centre in South India
Authors: John Faith Mariam , Joy Anisha , Nellimala Nevine Joseph , Bharathy K Muruga , Prakash Turaka Vijay , John Kevin John , Mathuram Alice Joan , Sathyendra Sowmya , Abraham O. C. , Ramya I , Jayaseelan Visalakshi , Sudarsanam Thambu David 
Published: October 2021

Background and Objectives:
Studies around the world have shown that incidence of HF is increasing with the highest risk of mortality during their first admission and in the subsequent 1 year. Only a few Indian studies had looked at the predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients admitted with HF in patients admitted in medical wards. We have done a case control study to determine the risk factors for in-hospital mortality, in patients admitted with HF, in general medical ward, in a tertiary care centre in south India.

Methods:
We collected demographic data, clinical details and outcome data from case records. We performed a univariate analysis comparing those who died as compared to those who did not. Factors that were significant in the above, were entered into a logistic regression analysis to identify factors that independently predicted poor outcomes.

Results:
The in-hospital mortality rate in patients admitted with HF was 12.19%. On multivariate analysis, Systolic blood pressure < 115 mmHg {OR – 2.82, CI (1.29 – 6.19)}, serum lactate > 2 mmol/l {OR-2.61, CI (1.16 – 5.87)}, and GCS < 15 {OR 6.64, CI (2.26 – 19.51)} were statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Our study has shown that, in patients admitted with HF in general medical ward, at admission, low systolic blood pressure, high serum lactates, low GCS were predictors of in-hospital mortality.
Стратегічний оборонний бюлетень України як інструмент реформування та розвитку військової охорони здоров’я і медичного забезпечення військ (огляд літератури)
Authors: Zhakhovsky V. O. , Livinskyi V. G. , Petruk S. O. 
Published: October 2021

Мета роботи. Дослідження повноти виконання завдань і досягнення цілей оборонної реформи України 2016-2020 років щодо медичного забезпечення Збройних Сил (ЗС) України та інших складових сил оборони та напрямів подальшого реформування і розвитку системи військової охорони здоров’я та медичного забезпечення сил оборони, визначених новим Стратегічним оборонним бюлетенем (СОБ) України.
Матеріали та методи. Використано законодавчі, нормативно-правові акти, доктринальні документи, монографії та інформаційно-довідкові матеріали щодо реформування і розвитку військової охорони здоров’я та медичного забезпечення сил оборони. Методи дослідження: бібліографічний, аналітичний, системного підходу, узагальнення. Об’єкт дослідження – система військової охорони здоров’я та медичного забезпечення сил оборони. Предмет дослідження – організація виконання положень СОБ України.
Результати. Проаналізовано та встановлено повноту виконання завдань і досягнення цілей щодо медичного забезпечення ЗС України та інших складових сил оборони, визначених СОБ України, схваленим Указом Президента України від 6 червня 2016 року № 240. Зазначено, що у 2016 році розпочато створення нової системи медичного забезпечення військ, спроможної надавати відповідну медичну підтримку всім завданням, що стоять перед силами оборони, яка функціонує відповідно до стандартів НАТО, водночас констатовано про незавершеність започаткованої роботи та проаналізовано основні причини, що до цього призвели. Наведено стратегічну ціль розвитку системи медичного забезпечення ЗС України та інших складових сил оборони, основні завдання та пріоритетні заходи для її досягнення до 2030 року, які визначені новим СОБ України, що затверджений Указом Президента України від 17 вересня 2021 року № 473, та пропонуються шляхи для успішного виконання завдань і досягнення цілей.
Висновки. Незавершеність створення системи військової охорони здоров’я і медичного забезпечення ЗС України та інших складових сил оборони викликають необхідність розроблення окремої державної цільової програми розвитку системи військової охорони здоров’я і медичного забезпечення ЗС України та інших складових сил оборони. Важливим інструментом досягнення стратегічних цілей розвитку сил оборони в галузі військової медицини є використання та впровадження сучасних досягнень медичної науки, техніки і новітніх технологій.
Single-Use Negative Pressure Wound Therapy for Chronic Wounds
Authors: Khangura Sara D. , Spry Carolyn 
Published: October 2021

Limited clinical effectiveness data suggest that single-use negative pressure wound therapy may reduce the frequency of dressing changes when compared with standard wound therapy (evidence from 1 single-arm study).
No clinical evidence was identified describing the impact of single-use negative pressure wound therapy on functionality, pain, mortality, length of hospital stay, quality of life, and safety.
It is unknown whether single-use or disposable negative pressure wound therapy is cost-effective for the management of chronic wounds (no eligible studies found).
One guideline provides recommendations relevant to single-use negative pressure wound therapy with chronic wounds; however, there is no clear link to a robust evidence review reported by the guideline developers.
Capítulo 8. Panorama de la radiodifusión en Costa Rica: entre la desregulación y la ausencia de medios comunitarios
Authors: Alvarado Vargas Andrea 
Published: October 2021

Costa Rica tiene vigente la Ley de Radio que data de 1954. Es un marco normativo obsoleto que no está acorde con los avances tecnológicos en materia de radiodifusión, ni con las recomendaciones internacionales emanadas de la Relatoría para la Libertad de Expresión de la Organización de Estados Americanos (OEA) y la Unesco. Esa ley se creó cuando no existía aún la televisión en Costa Rica, por lo tanto, no contempló regulaciones al respecto.Con el paso de los años, a dicha ley se le fueron derogando artículos que dieron como resultado enormes vacíos que nunca fueron sustituidos por nueva regulación. En el año 2008 se aprobó una Ley General de Telecomunicaciones que continuó con la práctica de derogar artículos de la Ley de Radio, pero mantuvo la vigencia de esta última normativa en materia de radiodifusión.Entre las más preocupantes carencias de la Ley de Radio se encuentra la ausencia de un proceso claro para acceder a las concesiones de radio y televisión. Nunca en Costa Rica se ha realizado un concurso público que permita a todos los sectores de la sociedad acceder a una radio o a un canal de televisión.
Palabras clave: legislación de medios, Costa Rica, libertad de expresión, medios comunitarios, medios locales, radio, televisión, concentración de medios, comunicación audiovisual, panorama de radiodifusión.
Capítulo 12. Democracy and media transparency: systemic failures in greek radio ecosystem and the rise of alternative web radio
Authors: Papadopoulou Lambrini 
Published: October 2021

Independent and free media are considered to be an essential component of any democratic society. Especially in countries that have been hit hard by the economic crisis and austerity measures, such as Greece, the need for independent journalism to act as watchdog, on behalf of civil society is more important than ever. However, the clientelistic relationships upon which the whole Greek media landscape is built, leaves little room for a journalism that investigates, exposes and holds those in power accountable. It is within this context, we argue, that alternative web radio stations are emerging, taking advantage of the internet technology in order to create bottom-up journalistic initiatives that challenge the current narratives and seek to constitute a new paradigm of journalism. This paper sets out to examine the general characteristics of the Greek media ecosystem but also goes on to examine the particular conditions that led to the current media crisis. It also discusses the legislative framework surrounding Greek media. Finally, this paper aims to provide a brief overview of the alternative web radios that have emerged in the current media ecosystem, by presenting in three Greek alternative web radio stations, describing their basic characteristics, principles, structures and their views on journalistic practices.
Palabras clave: media transparency, radio, television, web radio.
AVALIAÇÃO DE SINTOMAS EM PACIENTES ONCOLÓGICOS INTERNADOS EM UNIDADE DE CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS EXCLUSIVOS
Authors: Neves Karen Evellin Souza , Muniz Talita Silva , Reis Karine Marques Costa dos 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: avaliar os sintomas em pacientes oncológicos internados em uma Unidade de Cuidados Paliativos exclusivos.Método: estudo quantitativo prospectivo de 30 pacientes oncológicos em fim de vida, internados em unidade especializada do Distrito Federal, Brasil. Coletaram-se dados entre novembro de 2018 e maio de 2019, em dois momentos: na internação e após 72 horas. Utilizaram-se duas escalas validadas para avaliação dos sintomas e funcionalidade e o teste de Wilcoxon pareado para avaliação do escore nos dois momentos.Resultados: em 30 indivíduos, evidenciou-se piora da funcionalidade, porém não significativa (p=0,564). Quanto ao manejo dos sintomas, a mediana foi significativamente menor para dor (p=0,032) e maior para cansaço (p=0,020) e sonolência (p=0,012).Conclusão: o estudo sugere que os cuidados paliativos podem ter papel fundamental no manejo da dor em pacientes oncológicos, colaborando com a melhora da qualidade de vida, além de contribuir para a atuação do enfermeiro.
LETRAMENTO EM SAÚDE DE ADOLESCENTES SOBRE MÉTODOS CONTRACEPTIVOS
Authors: Barbosa Fernando Kleber Martins , Araújo Aliny Cristiany Costa , Nogueira Laura Maria Vidal , Rodrigues Ivaneide Leal Ataíde , Trindade Lidiane de Nazaré Mota , Corrêa Perla Katheleen Valente 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: analisar o nível de letramento em saúde de adolescentes acerca de métodos contraceptivos.Método: estudo descritivo, de natureza quantitativa, realizado com 288 adolescentes de uma escola pública. Os dados foram obtidos com questionário estruturado, autoaplicável, de origem no S-TOPHLA. Foi realizada análise estatística descritiva com o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson para medir a associação entre o letramento em saúde e a adesão aos métodos contraceptivos, sendo considerando nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05).Resultados: a média da idade dos participantes foi de 16,9 anos variando de 15 a 19 anos e a análise bivariada indicou associação entre a não adesão aos métodos contraceptivos e o letramento em saúde (p<0,001).Conclusão: o baixo letramento em saúde identificado neste estudo pode acarretar consequências marcantes na vida do adolescente, com implicações para um futuro pouco promissor em decorrência de mudanças advindas de gravidez não planejada.
ANÁLISE DOS FATORES QUE INFLUENCIAM A OCORRÊNCIA DA LEISHMANIOSE VISCERAL HUMANA
Authors: Silva Allan Batista , Freitas Francisca Inês De Sousa , Mota Clélia De Alencar Xavier , Freire Maria Eliane Moreira , Coêlho Hemílio Fernandes Campos , Lima Caliandra Maria Bezerra Luna 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: analisar os fatores que influenciam a ocorrência da Leishmaniose Visceral Humana no estado da Paraíba, Brasil. Métodos: estudo ecológico, desenvolvido com os dados de 2012 a 2017, coletados em um laboratório de referência no estado e no Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano no Brasil. A análise dos dados foi pelo modelo de regressão binomial, correlação de Pearson e Teste Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Resultados: foram confirmados 327 casos de leishmaniose visceral humana e 6.353 casos de leishmaniose visceral canina. Os principais indicadores municipais possuem uma relação significativa com o número de casos da doença no estado, e forte relação com número de casos positivos para Leishmaniose Visceral Humana. Conclusão: o modelo pode ser utilizado como referência para analisar a distribuição de casos da leishmaniose visceral humana e os possíveis fatores que influenciam na sua ocorrência,fornecendo aos gestores municipais mais uma alternativa de realização de medidas de controle/prevenção da doença, envolvendo diversos setores.
A Low Income Housing Needs and Affordability for Thailand’s Strategic National Plan During 2017-2037
Authors: Denpaiboon Chaweewan , Limsakul Kitti , Chotipanich Sarich 
Published: October 2021

This paper has developed a model to forecast the housing needs and affordability of the low-income households in Thailand 2018-2037. The model has applied the baseline data from the socioeconomic survey (SES 2015). Considering official population projections by the changing age structure and household formations based on income, forecasts can be made about housing needed by ‘Renters’, who are the target group of the low-income households. Given, heuristic scenarios on households’ income growthover time, an initial planning model for affordable units of housing by types for renters has been proposed.
Effective government policy to mobilize social resource for this low-income household is needed. It is shown that in the long-run, as mean income rises with changing income distribution, households can rely more on the private market provision of housing supply. The model can easily be used for Strategic National Planning by changing assumptions and parameters by the National Housing Authority of Thailand. The NHA in partnership with CODI can solidly plan for the role of low-income housing policy with government intervention on interest rates, terms loan and other policy instruments such as tax exemption for the land sharing in the housing and community development. This paper suggests meta-planning of an urban city model study where NHA, CODI will work together in partnership with other government agencies, the private sector, financial institutions, and academics
Adaptive Vernacular: A Search for Future Houses in Eastern Region of Thailand
Authors: Panin Tonkao , Mokkhasmita Tanakarn 
Published: October 2021

This study aims to explore ways in which contemporary vernacular houses can be created to be responsive to environmental, socio-cultural, and economic conditions. Within the selected three provinces of Chachoengsao, Prachinburi and Nakhon Nayok, our goal was to propose possible prototypes for contemporary vernacular houses that respond to current requirements while still sustaining their regional characteristics. Current problems and changing housing demands were studied along with input from local people. From field surveys and focus groups, the research found that neither “traditional” nor “modern” solutions will suffice, so the prototypes need to strike a balance between these models. Outcomes developed from this study involve house prototypes that are not models to be strictly copied, but possible creative guidelines which allow their owners to truly adapt to and transform for the future.
Squamous cell carcinoma antigens are sensitive biomarkers for atopic dermatitis in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Hirayama Junya , Fujisawa Takao , Nagao Mizuho , Kuwabara Yu , Kainuma Keigo , Azuma Yoshinori , Ono Junya , Ohta Shoichiro , Hirayama Masahiro , Izuhara Kenji 
Published: October 2021

Background
We recently reported that squamous cell carcinoma antigen 2 (SCCA2) is a reliable biomarker for atopic dermatitis (AD).

Objective
To further clarify its utility, we investigated for effects of comorbid allergies and AD treatment on serum SCCA levels.

Methods
Volunteers <18 years old were recruited through our website. Their allergic status was elucidated using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. We also recruited pediatric patients who were hospitalized because of severe AD. The serum levels of SCCA1 and SCCA2 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. In the severe AD patients, the levels of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), SCCA1, and SCCA2 were measured before and after hospitalization. The severity of AD was assessed using the severity scoring of atopic dermatitis (SCORAD).

Results
A total of 576 participants (547 volunteers and 29 patients) were enrolled in the study. The levels of SCCA1 and SCCA2 were significantly higher in volunteers with mild AD and patients with severe AD than in healthy volunteers without allergic diseases. The levels were not elevated in those who had mild bronchial asthma or allergic rhinitis without AD. TARC, SCCA1, and SCCA2 were decreased during the treatment in severe AD patients, reflecting clinical improvement in response to treatment. Linear regression analysis for predicting a decrease in the SCORAD index showed R2
values of 0.16, 0.38, and 0.48 for TARC, SCCA1, and SCCA2, respectively.

Conclusion
SCCAs, especially SCCA2, are sensitive biomarkers for detecting AD in children and adolescents and for assessing the severity and response to treatment of severe AD.