bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NaMgF3:Tb3+@NaMgF3 Nanoparticles Containing Deep Traps for Optical Information Storage
Authors: Wang Yikuang , Chen Dunrong , Zhuang Yixi , Chen Wenjing , Long Hangyu , Chen Hongmin , Xie Rong‐Jun 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPersistent luminescence (PersL) materials containing deep traps have attracted great attention in the field of optical information storage. However, the lack of nanomaterials with satisfactory light storage ability has become one of the main obstacles to the practical applications. In this work, NaMgF3:Tb3+@NaMgF3:Tb3+ nanoparticles are reported which exhibit excellent light storage ability into deep traps upon X‐ray irradiation and controllable photon emissions under thermal stimulation. A surface passivation strategy by constructing a core–shell structure is adopted, which is proved valid to greatly enhance the PersL efficiency. To understand the possible mechanism on the light storage and thermally stimulated PersL in the NaMgF3:Tb3+@NaMgF3 nanoparticles, an energy level diagram is built and the electronic transition processes are clarified. According to the proposed mechanism, the Tb3+ ions possibly serve as both emitting centers and trap centers in the NaMgF3 host during the X‐ray irradiation. Due to the excellent dispersibility and stability in water, luminescent inks containing the nanoparticles are successfully prepared and the applications to inkjet printing optical information storage and information decryption are demonstrated. The developed NaMgF3:Tb3+@NaMgF3 PersL nanoparticles may inspire further research on lanthanide‐activated fluoride PersL nanoparticles and provide new opportunities to the next‐generation information storage and biomedical technologies.
Unlocking the Failure Mechanism of Solid State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Liu Jia , Yuan Hong , Liu He , Zhao Chen‐Zi , Lu Yang , Cheng Xin‐Bing , Huang Jia‐Qi , Zhang Qiang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSolid‐state lithium metal batteries are regarded to be the ultimate choice for future energy storage systems due to their high theoretical energy density and safety. However, the practical applications of solid‐state batteries are hindered by severe interfacial issues, such as high interfacial resistance, inferior electro‐/chemical compatibility, as well as poor stability. Moreover, lithium dendrite growth and mechanical degradation caused by interfacial stress during repeated cycling induce the failure of a working solid‐state battery. Therefore, understanding the failure mechanism of a solid‐state lithium battery is imperative and significant to construct a better interface for a safe solid‐state lithium battery. In this review, the current fundamental understanding of the impact of the lithium/solid‐state electrolyte interface on the solid‐state ionics and interfacial chemistry are introduced first. The failure mechanisms underlying electrical, chemical, electrochemical, and mechanical aspects of solid‐state lithium batteries are summarized. The emerging perspectives regarding future research directions are also included. This sheds fresh light on the rational construction of high‐efficiency solid‐state lithium batteries.
Foliar application uniconazole enhanced lodging resistance of hybrid indica rice by altering basal stem quality under poor light stress
Authors: Zhang Wujun , Yao Xiong , Duan Xiujian , Liu Qiangming , Tang Yongqun , Li Jingyong , Li Ganghua , Ding Yanfeng , Liu Zhenghui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPoor light stress causes lodging risks in hybrid indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Sichuan Basin, China. However, the effective way of improving lodging resistance of hybrid indica rice by plant regulation strategy under poor light stress has not yet been investigated. A 2‐yr field study, comparing the three foliar application uniconazole rates under normal light and shading condition, was conducted to determine the lodging resistance and its physiological mechanism by using two hybrid rice varieties (Yuxiang203 [YX203] and Cliangyouhuazhan [CLYHZ]). The results showed that shading significantly decreased grain yield, but, increased lodging index (LI) due to poor stem breaking strength (M). Also, shading increased the non‐structural carbohydrates (NSC), but reduced structural carbohydrate (SC), especially for lignin in basal culm and thus, weakened the stem stiffness. Grain yield was first increased, and then declined with increasing foliar uniconazole rates. And, LI decreased sharply owing to improvement of M while reduction of bending moment by whole plant (WP). Larger section modulus (SM) of YX203 and higher bending stress (BS) of CLYHZ were contributed to higher M. Correlation analysis showed that M was significantly correlated with culm diameter, culm wall thickness and SC content for YX203, and that with SC content for CLYHZ, respectively. The results indicated that foliar application of uniconazole increased lodging resistance of hybrid indica rice for larger M and SC accumulation in basal stem. Uniconazole foliar application at 40 mg L–1 can increase lodging resistance while maintaining grain yield of hybrid indica rice in the Sichuan Basin, China.
Dynamics adsorption of the enhanced CH4 recovery by CO2 injection
Authors: Gu Min , Duan Shuo , Wu Qirong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe dynamic adsorption isotherms of CO2‐EGR were measured by using an Intelligent Gravimetric Analysis system. In the initial CO2 injecting stage, all the injected CO2 enters into the adsorbent and the mole fraction of CH4 in the gas phase () is maintained at 1.0. The CH4 recovery factor () increases. The duration of this stage (tCD) depends on the selectivity of CO2 over CH4 (). An adsorbent with large has long tCD. In the second stage, the injected CO2 competes with CH4 for adsorption. The cumulative of the second stage is much larger than that of the initial stage. However, decreases sharply. in the whole CO2 injection is always larger than that before CO2 injection, suggesting that CH4 desorption results from the displacement of CO2 rather than from pressure depletion.
Exploration of the Reactivity of Multivalent Electrophiles for Affinity Labeling: Sulfonyl Fluoride as a Highly Efficient and Selective Label
Authors: Suto Nanako , Kamoshita Shione , Hosoya Shoichi , Sakurai Kaori 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHere we explored the reactivity of a set of multivalent electrophiles cofunctionalized with a carbohydrate ligand on gold nanoparticles to achieve efficient affinity labeling for target protein analysis. Evaluation of the reactivity and selectivity of the electrophiles against three different cognate binding proteins identified arylsulfonyl fluoride as the most efficient protein‐reactive group in this study. We demonstrated that multivalent arylsulfonyl fluoride probe 4 at 50 nm concentration achieved selective affinity labeling and enrichment of a model protein PNA in cell lysate, which was more effective than photoaffinity probe 1 with arylazide group. Labeling site analysis by LC–MS/MS revealed that the nanoparticle‐immobilized arylsulfonyl fluoride group can target multiple amino acid residues around the ligand binding site of the target proteins. Our study highlights the utility of arylsulfonyl fluoride as a highly effective multivalent affinity label suitable for covalently capturing unknown target proteins.
Electrocatalytic Methane Oxidation Greatly Promoted by Chlorine Intermediates
Authors: Wang Qihao , Li Tengfei , Yang Chao , Chen Menghuan , Guan Anxiang , Yang Li , Li Si , Lv Ximeng , Wang Yuhang , Zheng Gengfeng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRenewable energy‐powered methane (CH4) conversion at ambient conditions is an attractive but highly challenging field. Due to the highly inert character of CH4, the selective cleavage of its first C−H bond without over‐oxidation is essential for transforming CH4 into value‐added products. In this work, we developed an efficient and selective CH4 conversion approach at room temperature using intermediate chlorine species (*Cl), which were electrochemically generated and stabilized on mixed cobalt–nickel spinels with different Co/Ni ratios. The lower overpotentials for *Cl formation enabled an effective activation and conversion of CH4 to CH3Cl without over‐oxidation to CO2, and Ni3+ at the octahedral sites in the mixed cobalt–nickel spinels allowed to stabilize surface‐bound *Cl species. The CoNi2Ox electrocatalyst exhibited an outstanding yield of CH3Cl (364 mmol g−1 h−1) and a high CH3Cl/CO2 selectivity of over 400 at room temperature, with demonstrated capability of direct CH4 conversion under seawater working conditions.
Unveiling Five Naked Structures of Tartaric Acid
Authors: Alonso Elena R. , León Iker , Kolesniková Lucie , Mata Santiago , Alonso Jose Luis 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe unbiased, naked structures of tartaric acid, one of the most important organic compounds existing in nature and a candidate to be present in the interstellar medium, has been revealed in this work for the first time. Solid samples of its naturally occurring (R,R) enantiomer have been vaporized by laser ablation, expanded in a supersonic jet, and characterized by Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. In the isolation conditions of the jet, we have discovered up to five different structures stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen‐bond networks dominated by O−H⋅⋅⋅O=C and O−H⋅⋅⋅O motifs extended along the entire molecule. These five forms, two with an extended (trans) disposition of the carbon chain and three with a bent (gauche) disposition, can serve as a basis to represent the shape of tartaric acid. This work also reports the first set of spectroscopy data that can be used to detect tartaric acid in the interstellar medium.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Chemo‐ and Enantioselective Hydrogenation of Conjugated Enynes
Authors: Hu Yanhua , Zhang Zhenfeng , Liu Yangang , Zhang Wanbin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAsymmetric hydrogenation is one of the most powerful methods for the preparation of single enantiomer compounds. However, the chemo‐ and enantioselective hydrogenation of the relatively inert unsaturated group in substrates possessing multiple unsaturated bonds remains a challenge. We herein report a protocol for the highly chemo‐ and enantioselective hydrogenation of conjugated enynes while keeping the alkynyl bond intact. Mechanism studies indicate that the accompanying Zn2+generated from zinc reduction of the CoIIcomplex plays a critical role to initiate a plausible CoI/CoIIIcatalytic cycle. This approach allows for the highly efficient generation of chiral propargylamines (up to 99.9 %eeand 2000 S/C) and further useful chemical transformations.
Scalable Fabrication of Crystalline COF Membranes from Amorphous Polymeric Membranes
Authors: Fan Chunyang , Wu Hong , Guan Jingyuan , You Xinda , Yang Chao , Wang Xiaoyao , Cao Li , Shi Benbing , Peng Quan , Kong Yan , Wu Yingzhen , Khan Niaz Ali , Jiang Zhongyi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCovalent organic framework (COF) membranes hold potential for widespread applicability, but scalable fabrication is challenging. Here, we demonstrate the disorder‐to‐order transformation from amorphous polymeric membrane to crystalline COF membrane via monomer exchange. Solution processing is used to prepare amorphous membrane and the replacing monomer is selected based on the chemical and thermodynamical stability of the final framework. Reversible imine bonds allow the extraneous monomers to replace the pristine monomers within amorphous membrane, driving the transformation from disordered network to ordered framework. Incorporation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds enables the crystalline COF to imprint the amorphous membrane morphology. The COF membranes harvest proton conductivity up to 0.53 S cm−1 at 80 °C. Our strategy bridges amorphous polymeric and crystalline COF membranes for large‐scale fabrication of COF membranes and affords guidance on materials processing.
TADF‐Type Organic Afterglow
Authors: Wang Xuepu , Sun Yan , Wang Guangming , Li Jiuyang , Li Xun , Zhang Kaka 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe report a highly efficient dopant‐matrix afterglow system enabled by TADF mechanism to realize afterglow quantum yields of 60–70 %, which features a moderate rate constant for reverse intersystem crossing (kRISC) to simultaneously improve afterglow quantum yields and maintain afterglow emission lifetime. Difluoroboron β‐diketonate (BF2bdk) compounds are designed with multiple electron‐donating groups to possess moderate kRISC values and are selected as luminescent dopants. The matrices with carbonyl functional groups such as phenyl benzoate (PhB) have been found to interact with and perturb BF2bdk excited states by dipole–dipole interactions and thus enhance the intersystem crossing of BF2bdk excited states. Through dopant‐matrix collaboration, the efficient TADF‐type afterglow materials have been achieved to exhibit excellent processability into desired shapes and large‐area films by melt casting, as well as aqueous afterglow dispersions for potential bioimaging applications.
Silencing of KIF18B restricts proliferation and invasion and enhances the chemosensitivity of breast cancer via modulating Akt/GSK‐3β/β‐catenin pathway
Authors: Jiang Jue , Liu Ting , He Xin , Ma Wenqi , Wang Juan , Zhou Qi , Li Miao , Yu Shanshan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractKinesin family member 18B (KIF18B) is a new tumor‐associated protein that contributes to the carcinogenesis of multiple malignancies. However, the detailed relevance of KIF18B in breast cancer has not been fully elucidated. This work aimed was to evaluate a possible relationship between KIF18B and breast cancer progression. Our findings show KIF18B is increased in breast cancer and demonstrate that high KIF18B level predicts a reduced survival rate. Cellular functional studies revealed that knockdown of KIF18B markedly reduces the proliferation, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of breast cancer cells and enhances their chemosensitivity toward doxorubicin. Further studies showed that KIF18B modulates the level of phospho‐Akt, phospho‐glycogen synthase kinase‐3β, and β‐catenin. Notably, suppression of Akt abolished KIF18B‐overexpression‐induced increases in activation of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. In addition, re‐expression of β‐catenin reversed KIF18B‐silencing‐induced cancer‐promoting effect. In vivo animal experiments elucidated that knockdown of KIF18B significantly weakened the tumorigenicity of breast cancer cells. Taken together, data of this study illustrate that KIF18B exerts a potential cancer‐promoting function in breast cancer via enhancement of Wnt/β‐catenin pathway through modulation of the Akt/GSK‐3β axis.
Monitoring the Structure Evolution of Titanium Oxide Photocatalysts: From the Molecular Form via the Amorphous State to the Crystalline Phase
Authors: Onur Şahin Ezgi , Dai Yitao , Chan Candace K. , Tüysüz Harun , Schmidt Wolfgang , Lim Joohyun , Zhang Siyuan , Scheu Christina , Weidenthaler Claudia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAmorphous TixOy with high surface area has attracted significant interest as photocatalyst with higher activity in ultraviolet (UV) light‐induced water splitting applications compared to commercial nanocrystalline TiO2. Under photocatalytic operation conditions, the structure of the molecular titanium alkoxide precursor rearranges upon hydrolysis and leads to higher connectivity of the structure‐building units. Structurally ordered domains with sizes smaller than 7 Å form larger aggregates. The experimental scattering data can be explained best with a structure model consisting of an anatase‐like core and a distorted shell. Upon exposure to UV light, the white TixOy suspension turns dark corresponding to the reduction of Ti4+ to Ti3+ as confirmed by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Heat‐induced crystallisation was followed by in situ temperature‐dependent total scattering experiments. First, ordering in the Ti−O environment takes place upon to 350 °C. Above this temperature, the distorted anatase core starts to grow but the structure obtained at 400 °C is still not fully ordered.
Bioinspired Ether Cyclizations within a π‐Basic Capsule Compared to Autocatalysis on π‐Acidic Surfaces and Pnictogen‐Bonding Catalysts
Authors: Hao Xiaoyu , Li Tian‐Ren , Chen Hao , Gini Andrea , Zhang Xiang , Rosset Stéphane , Mazet Clément , Tiefenbacher Konrad , Matile Stefan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWhile the integration of supramolecular principles in catalysis attracts increasing attention, a direct comparative assessment of the resulting systems catalysts to work out distinct characteristics is often difficult. Herein is reported how the broad responsiveness of ether cyclizations to diverse inputs promises to fill this gap. Cyclizations in the confined, π‐basic and Brønsted acidic interior of supramolecular capsules, for instance, are found to excel with speed (exceeding general Brønsted acid and hydrogen‐bonding catalysts by far) and selective violations of the Baldwin rules (as extreme as the so far unique pnictogen‐bonding catalysts). The complementary cyclization on π‐acidic aromatic surfaces remains unique with regard to autocatalysis, which is shown to be chemo‐ and diastereoselective with regard to product‐like co‐catalysts but, so far, not enantioselective.
Functionalization of Diamond‐Like Carbon Surfaces to Access High Rupture Forces in Single‐Molecule Force Spectroscopy of Covalent Bonds
Authors: Sammon Matthew S. , Schirra Simone , Pill Michael F. , Clausen‐Schaumann Hauke , Beyer Martin K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSingle‐molecule force spectroscopy is a powerful tool to experimentally probe the effect of mechanical force on individual bonds. With increasing mechanical stability of the target bond, however, this becomes exceedingly challenging, as mechanical activation of the mechanophore competes with rupture of the surface anchor. Here we investigate and systematically modify a functionalization protocol which is based on diamond‐like carbon (DLC) surfaces. We perform dynamic force spectroscopy on heterobifunctional polyethylene glycol molecules which are covalently anchored to the functionalized DLC surfaces and analyze the changes in rupture forces, distances at which single rupture events occur, as well as the properties of unspecific adhesion caused by modifications in the functionalization protocol. Average rupture forces of 1.7 nN are achieved, and 5.7 % of the rupture events yield rupture forces above 3 nN. Both values are significantly higher than for the widely used silane‐based surface anchors.
DNAqua‐Net conference unites participants from around the world with the quest to standardize and implement DNA‐based aquatic biomonitoring
Authors: Bohmann Kristine , Chua Physilia , Holman Luke E. , Lynggaard Christina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe EU COST Action DNAqua‐Net has since its start in 2016 gathered European researchers with the quest to standardize and implement DNA‐based aquatic biomonitoring. On March 9–11, 2021, their work culminated in their first conference. Here, an astounding 1500 participants from around the world gathered virtually to share their research on DNA‐based aquatic biomonitoring encompassing DNA reference databases, field and laboratory protocols, data analyses and storage, implementation strategy and legal issues, and biotic indices and metrics. The overwhelming interest in DNA‐based aquatic bioassessment and monitoring strongly underlines its relevance and timeliness.
Evident Dielectric Relaxation in an Organic‐Inorganic Halide Perovskite
Authors: Huang Xue‐Qin , Gan Tian , Lu Yan‐Zi , Xu Zhe‐Kun , Wang Zhong‐Xia , Liao Wei‐Qiang 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOrganic‐inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) are increasing in interest due to their potential application prospects in optoelectronics, solar cells, biological research, sensing applications, etc. Although some dielectric response materials with dielectric switches have been reported in the OIHPs, OIHPs with dielectric relaxation have been rare. Herein, we have successfully synthesized a one‐dimensional (1D) organic‐inorganic halide perovskite DMEACdCl3 (DMEA=N,N‐Dimethylethylamine, 1), which displays obvious dielectric relaxation characteristics. The dielectric results between 1 kHz and 1000 kHz reveal that both the dielectric real part and dielectric loss of 1 show apparent anomalies at different frequencies. The dielectric anomalies present distinct relaxation in a wide temperature range of 200 K–375 K, which is well fitted by the Cole‐Cole function. Variable‐temperature single‐crystal structural analysis suggests that the dynamic change of DMEA cations plays a key role in the generation of dielectric relaxation behavior. It is expected that this work will shed light on the exploration of organic‐inorganic halide perovskites with dielectric relaxation.
Investigating a Redox Active Samarium Complex in Catalytic Reactions
Authors: Kaufmann Sebastian , Roesky Peter W. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHerein the synthesis of a new ethynyl ferrocenyl amidinate ligand [Fc−C≡C‐{C(Ndipp)2H}] (Fc=ferrocenyl; dipp=diisopropylphenyl) and the subsequent formation of the corresponding samarium amido complex [Sm{Fc−C≡C‐[C(Ndipp)2]}2{N(SiMe3)2}] is reported. [Fc−C≡C‐{C(Ndipp)2H}] and [Sm{Fc−C≡C‐[C(Ndipp)2]}2{N(SiMe3)2}] were fully characterized including the study of the complex’ redox properties by cyclovoltammetry. Furthermore, we investigated the catalytic properties of the samarium complex in the intramolecular hydroamination reaction and intermolecular dehydrocoupling of pinacol borane with various amines.
Intimate partner sexual violence and violent victimisation among women living homeless in Madrid (Spain)
Authors: Rivas‐Rivero Esther , Panadero Sonia , Vázquez José Juan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to discover the extent to which women living homeless in Madrid (Spain) have been victims of intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV), analysing the connection between stressful life events (SLE) relating to violent victimisation and having suffered sexual assault by a partner. This study took place using a sample of women living homeless in Madrid (n = 136). The results obtained show that a high percentage of the women living homeless who were questioned had been victims of IPSV. The women interviewed, who had been victims of IPSV, had suffered, to a greater extent, SLEs relating to situations of violent victimisation, both during childhood and adolescence as well as in adulthood. The episodes of violent victimisation that seem to be the most common forerunners to IPSV are incidents of sexual abuse in childhood and adolescence.
The relationship between liver pathological inflammation degree and pyroptosis in chronic hepatitis B patients
Authors: Wang Yao , Li Xun , Chen Qian , Jiao Fangzhou , Shi Chunxia , Pei, Maohua , Wang Luwen , Gong Zuojiong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study is to explore the relationship between liver pathological inflammation degree and pyroptosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). One hundred and twenty CHB patients' liver tissue samples, including A0–A3 inflammatory grades, were selected. Six tissue sections were selected for each indicator in each inflammation grade. The results of immunohistochemical analysis on the pyroptosis‐related molecules (NLRP3, GSDMD, caspase1, interleukin [IL]‐1β, and IL‐18) were determined. The correlation between the pyroptosis‐related molecules and liver inflammatory activities was analyzed. The expression of NLRP3, GSDMD, caspase1, IL‐18, and IL‐1β was respectively significantly positively correlated with the grade of inflammatory activity (r

s
= 0.690, p < 0.01; r

s
= 0.681, p < 0.01; r

s
= 0.540, p < 0.01; r

s
= 0.725, p < 0.01; r

s
= 0.663, p < 0.01) and linear relationship (χ
2 = 56.763, p < 0.01; χ
2 = 55.350, p < 0.01; χ
2 = 34.776, p < 0.01; χ
2 = 62.523, p < 0.01; χ
2 = 52.521, p < 0.01) in liver tissue. The high expression of NLRP3, GSDMD, caspase1, IL‐1β, and IL‐18 may be involved in the process of liver tissue inflammation and damage, which is positively correlated with liver tissue inflammation in patients with CHB.