bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing real‐time cell culture process monitoring through the integration of advanced machine learning techniques: A comparative analysis of Raman and capacitance spectroscopies
Authors: Xu Feng , Pinto Nuno , Zhou George , Ahuja Sanjeev 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMachine learning (ML) techniques have emerged as an important tool improving the capabilities of online process monitoring and control in cell culture process for biopharmaceutical manufacturing. A variety of advanced ML algorithms have been evaluated in this study for cell growth monitoring using spectroscopic tools, including Raman and capacitance spectroscopies. While viable cell density can be monitored real‐time in the cell culture process, online monitoring of cell viability has not been well established. A thorough comparison between the advanced ML techniques and traditional linear regression method (e.g., Partial Least Square regression) reveals a significant improvement in accuracy with the leading ML algorithms (e.g., 31.7% with Random Forest regressor), addressing the unmet need of continuous monitoring viability in a real time fashion. Both Raman and capacitance spectroscopies have demonstrated success in viability monitoring, with Raman exhibiting superior accuracy compared to capacitance. In addition, the developed methods have shown better accuracy in a relatively higher viability range (>90%), suggesting a great potential for early fault detection during cell culture manufacturing. Further study using ML techniques for VCD monitoring also showed an increased accuracy (27.3% with Raman spectroscopy) compared to traditional linear modeling. The successful integration of ML techniques not only amplifies the potential of process monitoring but also makes possible the development of advanced process control strategies for optimized operations and maximized efficiency.
Beyond the Classroom: Understanding the Evolution of Educational Data Mining With Key Route Main Path Analysis
Authors: Amriza Rona Nisa Sofia , Chou Tzu‐Chuan , Ratnasari Wiwit 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTEducational data mining (EDM) enhances the educational system by uncovering hidden patterns of academic data. The discipline of EDM has grown rapidly and produced numerous publications, leading to knowledge dissemination among researchers. This research aims to understand the EDM field literature by examining the citation network of significant publications. This research utilizes a quantitative approach based on citation main path analysis (MPA) to analyze 1009 Web of Science (WoS) publications between 1988 and 2023. The study uncovers 22 significant publications that have shaped the knowledge diffusion trajectories of EDM. The research reveals that EDM has undergone three phases of evolution, each of which represents a substantial shift in the research focus: automated adaptation, leveraging human decision, and advanced predictive analytics. Unlike previous EDM reviews, this study applies a novel approach using multiple global MPA, uncovering five key sub‐research areas: student performance, early warning, learning behavior, transfer learning, and dropout. Notably, recent trends emphasize a growing focus on student performance. The primary contribution of this paper lies in its comprehensive mapping of EDM's developmental trajectory, offering an understanding of its diverse research trends. By elucidating these patterns and emerging areas, this study not only enriches the existing literature but also identifies unexplored topics that can guide future research directions, distinguishing itself from other EDM reviews by offering a more systematic and data‐driven analysis of the field's evolution.
Minimally Invasive Direct Approach for Severe Dental Fluorosis: Balancing Aesthetics and Quality of Life
Authors: Guyonvarch Rosa , Estivals Julia , Kérourédan Olivia 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDental fluorosis, a condition caused by excessive fluoride intake during enamel formation, can significantly affect patients' quality of life due to aesthetic concerns. Depending on severity, treatment options range from bleaching or resin infiltration to more invasive techniques like veneers or crowns. In this article, a young patient with severe dental fluorosis underwent a stepwise, personalized and minimally invasive treatment including bleaching, micro‐ and macro‐abrasion, resin infiltration, composite resin layering and composite resin injection. The results highlight the positive impact on the patient's quality of life, as evidenced by the reduction in the Oral Health Impact Profile 14 (OHIP‐14) score from 23 to 0, and the effectiveness of these conservative techniques in achieving satisfactory aesthetic outcomes. This case report highlights that minimally invasive approaches can effectively restore dental aesthetics in severe fluorosis cases, significantly enhancing patients' quality of life—including psychological and social well‐being—while preserving tooth structure.
Moscatilin alleviates oxidative stress and inflammatory response of Müller cells in diabetic retinopathy through suppressing the p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase/c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase and nuclear factor kappa‐B signaling pathways
Authors: Zhu Suhua , Zhang Man , Qu Zhen , Xu Shengqiu , Peng Jie , Jiang Fanjing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDiabetic retinopathy (DR), as the main ophthalmic complication of diabetes mellitus, is a major eye disorder contributing to blindness. Oxidative stress and inflammation in retinal Müller cells participate in the pathogenesis of DR. This work aims to study the biological role of moscatilin in the progression of DR and the underlying mechanism. High glucose (HG)‐stimulated mouse primary retinal Müller cells and high‐fat diet + streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced DR mouse models were constructed as in vitro and in vivo models, respectively. The effects of moscatilin treatment on oxidative stress and inflammation in HG‐stimulated Müller cells and DR mice were evaluated by detecting intracellular reactive oxygen species production, malondialdehyde levels, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio, as well as proinflammatory cytokine levels through CM‐H2DCFDA staining, commercial kits, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Dual immunofluorescence staining of glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin was used to evaluate the development of Müller cells in mouse retinas. The activity of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK)/c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) and nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) signaling pathway was assessed through western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Moscatilin pretreatment prevented HG‐induced decrease in Müller cell viability. Moscatilin mitigated oxidative stress, inflammation, and extracellular matrix remodeling in HG‐stimulated Müller cells and DR mice. Mechanically, moscatilin reduced the levels of receptor for advanced glycation end products, phosphorylated I‐kappa‐B‐alpha, p‐p65 NF‐κB, p‐p38 MAPK, and p‐JNK in both HG‐stimulated Müller cells and DR mice. Moscatilin plays an antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory role in DR by inhibiting the p38 MAPK/JNK and NF‐κB signaling pathways.
Enhanced Opto‐electric Properties of PVA‐CMC Blends with Cu2WS4@GNR Heterojunction for Advanced Applications
Authors: K M Mohan , B R Sagar , H S vedhavathi , N Kumara Swamy , Madhukar B S 
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the enhancement of the opto‐electric properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) blend through the incorporation of different amounts of synthesized copper tungsten sulfide (CWS) nanoparticles and graphene nanoribbon (GNR) as nanofillers of 0.0%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 4.0% and 8.0 wt/wt% by using eco‐ friendly solution casting method. Various characterization techniques were employed to analyze the synthesized nanoparticles and prepared polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) morphology, microcrystalline parameters, optical, electrical and dielectrical properties via Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), UV‐visible spectroscopy and LCR meter respectively. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilized to understand molecular interactions of functional groups present in the synthesized NCs. The presence of CWS and GNR leads to a considerable enhancement in the intensity of the PL peak observed at around 425 and 470 nm. The UV‐visible spectra show the maximum absorption at 202.5 nm and at 363 nm due to the interaction between the functional group of polymers and nanofillers in UV region. The optical band gap declined from 2.77‐2.59 eV (direct) and 5.38‐4.19 eV (indirect) and the other optical properties enhanced by the addition of nanofiller. Furthermore, dielectric constant, loss, and AC conductivity, was systematically evaluated across various frequencies.
Evaluating the Effect of High‐Translucent Zirconia Thickness and Substrate Shade on the Final Color of the Restoration
Authors: Hatami Mahnaz , Jalali Elham , Kamran Mohamad Hossein Lotfi , Kazemi Alireza Danesh , Fathi Amirhossein 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of high‐translucent zirconia thickness and substrate shade on the final color of the restoration.Material and MethodsA total of 60 high‐translucent monolithic zirconia disks were prepared using a CAD/CAM system. They were placed on composite substrates with A2, A3.5, and C3 colors (n = 10). The color differences (ΔE) of the ceramic disks on the A3.5 and C3 substrate compared to the control group (A2) were calculated and compared with acceptable thresholds (ΔE = 5.5) and perceptible thresholds (ΔE = 2/6). A one‐sample t‐test and repeated measures ANOVA were used to analyze the data statistically.ResultsThe highest ΔE values were observed when comparing two zirconia disk thicknesses on the A3.2 substrate without cement (ΔE = 5/65). The lowest value of ΔE compared to the control group (A2) was related to the disk with 1 mm thickness on the A3.5 substrate (ΔE = 2/54), and the highest value was for the disk with 0.6 mm thickness on the C3 substrate (ΔE = 4/88).ConclusionsUsing the zirconia disk with a 1 mm thickness on the C3 structure and a disk with a 0.6 mm thickness on the A3.5 structure with the presence of F2 cement can achieve an acceptable color difference (value of 5.5).
Testing the Population‐Level Effects of Stress‐Induced Susceptibility in the Ranavirus–Wood Frog System
Authors: Brunner Jesse L. , Dahrouge Nicole C. , Crespi Erica J. , Rittenhouse Tracy A. G. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTChronic exposure to physical, chemical, and biotic stressors can make animals more susceptible to infections. Such stress‐induced susceptibility is widely expected to make disease—and epidemics—more likely and more severe. However, whether the impacts of stressors on individuals scale up to population‐level outcomes is uncertain, both theoretically and empirically. We initiated ranavirus epidemics in replicate mesocosm populations of larval wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) exposed to conditions known to impact their individual susceptibility to ranavirus infections: low and high salinity crossed factorially with ambient or elevated temperatures. Contrary to expectations, epidemics were no more likely or more severe in stressful conditions, although increased temperatures did speed their progression. We discuss several potential reasons why the effects of stressors did not scale up to epidemics, but our results suggest caution in assuming the individual‐level effects of even well‐studied stressors necessarily scale simply to population‐level outcomes.
Thermo‐Mechanical Analysis of Crack Propagation Process in Heterogeneous Brittle Coal and Its Effects on the UCG Cavity Growth Rate
Authors: Shahbazi Mohammadreza , Najafi Mehdi , Fatehi Marji Mohammad , Abdollahipour Abolfazl 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe mechanism of cavity growth in a UCG process is mainly dependent on the presence of fractures and microcracks in the coal seam. In this study, the rate of cavity growth and the crack propagation mechanism in brittle coal samples under high thermal conditions are investigated using a two‐dimensional particle flow code (PFC2D). Coal samples with different cleats' orientation under thermal environments are numerically simulated. The numerical modeling results show that the induced thermal stress is one‐third of the coal sample failure stress. This is due to the increase in particles' volume, the change in normal force between the particles' bonds, and the changes in thermal and mechanical parameters resulting from the applied source temperature, which breaks the bond around the particle. The effects of heat and heterogeneity on the strength of coal samples are also studied under different temperatures ranging from 50°C to 900°C. The results showed that the presence of high‐strength coal seams reduces the formation and propagation of heat‐induced cracks, consequently reducing the cavity growth rate. The soft coal sample has more plasticity, and the cavity growth rate in the soft coal is more than that of the hard coal. The elasticity modulus and uniaxial compressive strength decrease with the increase of the source temperature and the sample begins to deform in a plastic mode. Also, increasing temperature causes an exponential increase in thermal stress. From the fracture mechanics point of view, knowing the conditions and the mechanism of pre‐existing crack propagation in the coal seam can lead to a correct understanding of cavity growth during the UCG process.
Effective Innovative Technologies and One Health Strategies in Mitigating Aflatoxin Contamination in Peanut Oil: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Yenew Chalachew , Mekonen Seblework , Ambelu Argaw , Yeshiwas Almaw Genet 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAflatoxin contamination in peanut oil poses significant health, agricultural, and environmental risks. This study assesses the effectiveness of advanced technologies and One Health strategies in mitigating these risks. Through systematic review and meta‐analysis, we evaluate the effectiveness of integrated approaches. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of studies from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (September 2010–September 2024) on aflatoxin mitigation in peanut oil. We included studies involving agricultural, health, and environmental interventions, focusing on Aflasafe, ozonation, and One Health strategies. A random‐effects meta‐analysis was performed to calculate pooled effect sizes. Our review of 30 studies, including five meta‐analyses, highlights that advanced mitigation methods like Aflasafe (90%, 95% CI: 85%–95%), Ozonation (85%, 95% CI: 70%–95%), and Biological Control (80%, 95% CI: 70%–90%) significantly reduce aflatoxin contamination in peanut oil. However, reduced efficacy was observed, with dexification found to be 58% (95% CI: 52%–64%) and a pooled effect size of 77% (95% CI: 67%–87%). One Health strategies also show substantial impact, with the highest effect size of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.81–1.00) through Aflasafe training, followed by integrated agricultural, environmental, and health education (0.70, 95% CI: 0.58–0.82) and health‐sector risk awareness (0.68, 95% CI: 0.57–0.79), yielding a pooled effect size of 0.75 (95% CI: 0.70–0.80). This review highlights the effectiveness of advanced technologies and One Health strategies in reducing aflatoxin contamination in peanut oil. Combining Aflasafe, ozonation, and One Health approaches offers a promising strategy for both immediate control and sustainable management. Future research should prioritize cost‐effective technologies and community‐based interventions to enhance impact and scalability, especially in resource‐limited settings.
Analysis of Closed‐Loop Thermosyphon System Filled With Methanol for Different Adiabatic Lengths
Authors: Birajdar Mahasidha R. , Sewatkar C. M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the performance of a closed‐loop thermosyphon using methanol as the working fluid, which is especially relevant for low‐temperature applications where water's effectiveness is limited. It explores various operating parameters, like, heat input, adiabatic length, and filling ratio (FR), and how these factors impact thermal performance. The use of methanol, a fluid with a lower saturation temperature than water, makes it suitable for thermal management in low‐temperature environments. Several parameters were varied during tests, including the adiabatic lengths of 500 and 800 mm, heat inputs ranged from 0.5 to 2.0 kW and the amount of methanol filling (FR) varied from 0.3 to 0.7. The study focused on thermal performance metrics, such as thermal resistance (TR), evaporator and condenser heat transfer coefficients (HTCs), and thermal effectiveness. The key finding includes TR decreased with increasing heat input up to an FR of 0.6, after which it increased. For medium adiabatic length (500 mm), for heat inputs above 1 kW, the thermosyphon demonstrated the lowest TR. For lower FRs (around 0.3) and heat inputs of 1 kW, the evaporator HTC was optimal. A correlation for the evaporation HTC was suggested and validated with an accuracy of ± 30% compared with measured values. This analysis indicates that thermosyphons using methanol can be an efficient option for thermal management in low‐temperature scenarios. The paper likely aims to provide practical insights into optimizing such systems for various applications.
The Role of FinTech on the Relationship Between Ownership Structure and Dividend Payments
Authors: Akhtar Tahir 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study aims to investigate the relationship between ownership structure and dividend payments (DP) and whether financial technology (FinTech) has an impact on this relationship. The study uses a panel sample of 278 Chinese financial firms during the period 2009–2022. The study applies regressions and finds that FinTech firms pay lower dividends, suggesting that these firms are holding onto the money to re‐invest for future growth. The results demonstrate that Institutional‐shareholding, and inside shareholding (Chairman‐shareholdings and Managerial‐shareholdings) increase DP in firms, while Largest‐ and Top_10 shareholdings decrease the DP. With the induction of FinTech, the Institutional‐shareholdings and inside shareholding decrease DP, so they utilise funds for future growth. Moreover, FinTech intensifies the negative impact of the Largest‐ and Top10‐shareholdings on DP. The results from the sub‐sample further support the findings. Several other economic parameters, such as the dynamic panel model, difference‐in‐differences and propensity score matching, and different dividend measures confirm the findings. The study contributes to other contentious findings found in the literature and offers helpful insights into the effects of innovation on prospective financial sector firms' ownership structure and DP, which seem to be impacted by FinTech.
Poverty and yield effects of CGIAR maize varieties in smallholder farming systems of Zambia
Authors: Ngoma Hambulo , Setimela Peter , Silva João Vasco , Krishna Vijesh V. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractImproved germplasm is a recognized adaptation strategy to climate change. We assessed the adoption, and impacts of CGIAR maize varieties on livelihoods in Zambia using fixed effects regression and a difference‐in‐differences framework. Three‐waves of nationally representative panel data indicate that 24% of smallholders used CGIAR germplasm on about 225,000 hectares in 2019. Relative to other non‐CGIAR maize varieties, the use of CGIAR maize varieties was associated with 26–35% yield increase, and 2–10% reduction in the depth of poverty on average. Thus, while improved varieties can increase crop productivity effectively, they are not substitutes for broad‐based poverty reduction strategies.
Toward design of novel materials for lithium‐ion batteries: Aluminium nanoparticle‐assisted seaweed‐based separator
Authors: Mugobera Sharon , Lee Kyuchul , Jung Jihyuk , Cho Inho , Ko Jang Myoun , Lee Kwang Se 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSeparators are a crucial component and play a pivotal role in battery performance and safety. In this study, a cellulose nanofibril separator was prepared from red algae. The generated nanosized cellulose fibrils were used in the preparation of the separator. The produced separator was analyzed for electrochemical performance, thermal stability, and morphology in comparison to the commercial polyethylene (PE) separator. The obtained densely linked nanoporous separator exhibited a capacity retention of 80% over 600 cycles. It had very good wettability and ionic conductivity results due to its excellent hydrophilic nature enhanced by the presence of the hydroxyl groups. The excellent physical properties of the aluminium nanoparticle‐assisted seaweed‐based separator (ASS) due to the presence of Al2O3, aided in its resilience to heat and maintained its dimensions. It exhibited greater electrochemical performance compared to the commercial PE. At 2C the discharge specific capacity was at 83 mAh/g for ASS and PE 77 mAh/g. However, the separators both exhibited comparable results at low C‐rates. This study offers an achievable option for the production of an effective seaweed‐based separator for use in lithium‐ion batteries exceptional physical properties.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Fruquintinib, a Selective Oral Inhibitor of VEGFR ‐1, ‐2, and ‐3, in Patients with Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Zhou Xiaofei , Yang Xiaoyan , Grinshpun Boris , Taylor Adekemi , Strong Laura , Dasari Arvind , Wang‐Gillam Andrea , Li Jin , Xu Rui‐Hua , Gupta Neeraj , Chien Caly 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFruquintinib is a selective, oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor of all three vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1, 2, and 3, which is approved for patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer regardless of biomarker status. This population pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis characterized sources of interpatient variability on the PK of fruquintinib and its major metabolite M11 using data from 557 subjects who received fruquintinib in five phase I/Ib studies and the FRESCO‐2 phase III study. The integrated model was a one‐compartment model with first‐order absorption, lag time in absorption, and linear elimination for fruquintinib and a one‐compartment model with linear elimination for M11. The half‐life of fruquintinib and M11 were estimated to be 43.2 and 54 h, respectively. Fruquintinib PK demonstrated dose proportionality. Fruquintinib oral clearance and apparent volume of distribution (V/F) increased with increasing body weight. Fruquintinib absorption rate constant was 60.7% lower with concurrent use of proton‐pump inhibitors (PPIs), and fruquintinib V/F was 9.08% lower in healthy subjects versus patients with cancer. Magnitudes of the covariate effects of body weight, concurrent use of PPIs, and health status on fruquintinib exposures were estimated to be <20%, which is not considered clinically meaningful. Age (18.0‐82.0 years), sex, race (Asian, Black, and White), ethnicity (Hispanic vs non‐Hispanic), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score, tumor type, mild or moderate renal impairment, and mild hepatic impairment had no clinically meaningful impact on fruquintinib or M11 PK. This analysis supports the same fruquintinib starting dosage, without need for adjustments, for these patient‐specific factors.