bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex and age differences in ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD: An analysis of four general population samples
Authors: McGinty Grainne , Fox Robert , Ben-Ezra Menachem , Cloitre Marylène , Karatzias Thanos , Shevlin Mark , Hyland Philip 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is traditionally understood as a disorder that occurs more commonly in women than in men, and in younger age groups than in older age groups. The objective of this study was to determine if these patterns are also observed in relation to International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) PTSD and complex PTSD (CPTSD).

Methods
Secondary data analysis was performed using data collected from three nationally representative samples from the Republic of Ireland (N = 1,020), the United States (N = 1,839), and Israel (N = 1,003), and one community sample from the United Kingdom (N = 1,051).

Results
Estimated prevalence rates of ICD-11 PTSD were higher in women than in men in each sample, and at a level consistent with existing data derived from Diagnostic and Statistics Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-based models of PTSD. Furthermore, rates of ICD-11 PTSD were generally lower in older age groups for men and women. For CPTSD, there was inconsistent evidence of sex and age differences, and some indication of a possible interaction between these two demographic variables.

Conclusions
Despite considerable revisions to PTSD in ICD-11, the same sex and age profile was observed to previous DSM-based models of PTSD. CPTSD, however, does not appear to show the same sex and age differences as PTSD. Theoretical models that seek to explain sex and age differences in trauma-related psychopathology may need to be reconsidered given the distinct effects for ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD.
Identifying Strategies for Robust Survivorship Program Implementation: A Qualitative Analysis of Cancer Programs
Authors: Hwang Soohyun , Bozkurt Burcu , Huson Tamara , Asad Sarah , Richardson Lauren , Ogbansiegbe Joseph Amarachi , Viera Laura , Buse Caroline , James Ted A. , Mayer Deborah K. , Shulman Lawrence N. , Birken Sarah A. 
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE:The Commission on Cancer seeks to promote robust survivorship programs among accredited cancer programs. In practice, cancer programs' survivorship programs range from cursory (eg, developing care plans without robust services) to robust (eg, facilitating follow-up care). To inform cancer programs' future efforts, in this study, we identified the implementation strategies that cancer programs used to achieve robust survivorship programs, distinguishing them from cursory programs.METHODS:We sampled 39 cancer programs across the United States with approaches to survivorship program implementation ranging from cursory to robust on the basis of LIVESTRONG survivorship care consensus elements. Within sampled cancer programs, we conducted in-depth semistructured interviews with a total of 42 health care professionals. We used template analysis to distinguish implementation strategies used in cancer programs with robust survivorship programs from strategies that yielded cursory survivorship programs.RESULTS:Cancer programs with robust survivorship programs established clear systems survivorship care and formal committees to improve the survivorship care processes. They sought buy-in from multiple stakeholders to leverage cancer program resources and defined clear roles with shared accountability among multidisciplinary groups. By contrast, cancer programs with cursory survivorship programs reported less consistency in survivorship care processes and lacked buy-in from key stakeholders. They had limited resources, faced persistent structural concerns, and had insufficient clarity in roles among team members.CONCLUSION:Accrediting bodies may consider incorporating the implementation strategies that robust survivorship programs have used as guidance for supporting cancer programs in operationalizing survivorship care and evaluating the use of these strategies during the accreditation and review process.
Association Between Health-Related Quality of Life and Progression-Free Survival in Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of SWOG Clinical Trials
Authors: Hui David , Darke Amy K. , Guthrie Katherine A. , Subbiah Ishwaria M. , Unger Joseph M. , Hershman Dawn L. , Krouse Robert S. , Bakitas Marie , O'Rourke Mark A. 
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an established prognostic factor for mortality; however, it is unclear if HRQOL is predictive of time to disease progression, a particularly meaningful outcome for patients. We examined the association between HRQOL and progression-free survival (PFS) in SWOG Cancer Research Network clinical trials. METHODS: For this secondary analysis, we reviewed all completed SWOG clinical trials to identify those for patients with advanced cancer that incorporated Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT) questionnaires at baseline. FACT-Trial Outcome Index (FACT-TOI) was the primary independent variable. Associations between FACT-TOI and other FACT subscores with PFS and overall survival were evaluated via log-rank test and multivariable Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Three clinical trials met our inclusion criteria: S0027 and S9509 for advanced non–small-cell lung cancer and S0421 for hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Of the 1,527 enrolled patients, 1,295 (85%) had both HRQOL and survival outcomes data available and were included in this analysis. In univariable analysis, we observed a statistically significant gradient effect in all three trials, with higher baseline FACT-TOI scores corresponding to better PFS (S0027, P < .001; S9509, P = .02; and S0421, P < .001). In multivariable analysis, FACT-TOI was significantly associated with PFS in S0027 (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.42 to 1.00) but not in S9509 (HR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.56 to 1.05) or S042 (HR = 0.86; 95% CI, 0.73 to 1.01). FACT-TOI was significantly associated with overall survival in multivariable analysis ( P < .005 in all three trials). CONCLUSION: The association between baseline FACT-TOI scores and survival underscores their potential as a stratification factor in clinical trials.
Bulk Heterojunction Optoelectrical Switching Devices Fabricated Using Nonfullerene Acceptor Y6: Aggregation-Induced Emission Polymer Blend Active Layers
Authors: Zhao Kejia , Huang Yuelin , El-Khouly Mohamed E , Liu Jiaxuan , Zhang Bin , Zou Yingping , Chen Yu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
By using poly {[9,9-dioctyl-9H-fluorene]-alt-(1,1,2,2-tetra-phenylethene)} (POFTPE) as an electron donor, and Y6 (or C60) as electron acceptor, solution-processed bulk heterojunction optoelectronic switching devices with a configuration of ITO/POFTPE:Y6(C60)/ITO, which can respond to both the optical and electrical stimuli, have been successfully fabricated. Both the electron transfer and energy transfer from POFTPE to Y6 will occur simultaneously in the blends system under light illumination, while no energy transfer between POFTPE and C60 occurs, expect for electron transfer. Both the ITO/POFTPE:Y6/ITO and ITO/POFTPE:C60/ITO devices show typical nonvolatile rewritable memory effect in the dark or under light illumination. Upon illumination with different wavelength lights, the switching bias window (Δ|VON-VOFF|), switching-on voltage and the ON/OFF current ratio of the ITO/POFTPE:Y6(5:1)/ITO device decrease with decreasing the incident light wavelength due to the increased free charge carrier concentration caused by light illumination. In contrast to the POFTPE:Y6 blends, the POFTPE:C60 blends-based device measured in the dark shows smaller switch-on voltage, ON/OFF current ratio and switching bias window under the same experimental conditions. This work shows one of the very promising strategies for exploring the nonvolatile multilevel storage by tailoring optoelectronic switching and memory performance of the materials via illumination with different wavelength lights.
Perfil e fatores associados ao uso de anticoncepcionais orais combinados em mulheres férteis atendidas em um centro de planejamento familiar
Authors: Santos Deborah Costa de Jesus dos , Rohweder Mayla , Takenami Iukary 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil e os fatores associados ao uso de anticoncepcionais orais combinados (AOC) em regimes de pausa (intermitente) ou estendido (contínuo) em mulheres férteis atendidas em um centro de planejamento familiar. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado no Centro de Pesquisa e Assistência em Reprodução Humana (CEPARH), Salvador, Bahia. Resultados: Entre julho e setembro de 2017, 210 mulheres atendidas, consecutivamente, no CEPARH foram entrevistadas. Dessas, 69 (32,8%) fazem uso de algum AOC, das quais 32 (46,4%) utilizam-no em regimes estendidos. Mulheres que trabalham têm 1,89 vezes mais chances de usarem AOC do que as que não trabalham (IC95%: 1,04-3,42; p=0,039). Nenhuma diferença significativa foi observada nas características entre as que fazem uso de AOC em regime de pausa ou estendido (p>0,05). Conclusão: Os resultados indicam que mulheres que trabalham adiam a concepção e utilizam com mais frequência a pílula contraceptiva, independentemente da forma de administração (forma contínua ou intermitente). Ademais, não há nenhum fator que contribua, significativamente, para que as mulheres façam uso estendido das cartelas de AOC.
Performing post-genome-wide association study analysis: overview, challenges and recommendations
Authors: Adam Yagoub , Samtal Chaimae , Brandenburg Jean-tristan , Falola Oluwadamilare , Adebiyi Ezekiel 
Published: October 2021

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provide huge information on statistically significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with various human complex traits and diseases. By performing GWAS studies, scientists have successfully identified the association of hundreds of thousands to millions of SNPs to a single phenotype. Moreover, the association of some SNPs with rare diseases has been intensively tested. However, classic GWAS studies have not yet provided solid, knowledgeable insight into functional and biological mechanisms underlying phenotypes or mechanisms of diseases. Therefore, several post-GWAS (pGWAS) methods have been recommended. Currently, there is no simple scientific document to provide a quick guide for performing pGWAS analysis. pGWAS is a crucial step for a better understanding of the biological machinery beyond the SNPs. Here, we provide an overview to performing pGWAS analysis and demonstrate the challenges behind each method. Furthermore, we direct readers to key articles for each pGWAS method and present the overall issues in pGWAS analysis. Finally, we include a custom pGWAS pipeline to guide new users when performing their research.
“At first, I was very afraid”—a qualitative description of participants’ views and experiences in the first Human Infection Study in Malawi
Authors: Mtunthama Toto Neema , Gooding Kate , Kapumba Blessings M. , Jambo Kondwani , Rylance Jamie , Burr Sarah , Morton Ben , Gordon Stephen B. , Manda-Taylor Lucinda 
Published: October 2021

Background: Human infection studies (HIS) involve deliberately infecting healthy volunteers with a pathogen in a controlled environment to understand infection and support the development of effective vaccines or treatments. HIS research is expanding to many low and middle-income settings to accelerate vaccine development. Given the implementation of the first HIS research to establish the experimental human pneumococcal carriage model’s feasibility, we sought to understand the participant’s opinions and experiences. Methods: We used a qualitative, descriptive approach to understand participants perceptions and experiences on HIS participation. Sixteen healthy adult participants were invited to participate in in-depth exit interviews to discuss their experiences, motivations and concerns. Results: Our findings showed that the likelihood of participation in HIS research rests on three essential conditions: motivation to participate, compensation and advocacy. The motivation and decision to participate was based on reasons including altruism, patriotism, monetary and material incentives, and while compensation was deemed appropriate, concerns about unanticipated research-related risks were raised. Participant advocate groups were recommended for increasing awareness and educating others in the broader community about HIS research. Conclusions: Participants’ experiences of HIS in Malawi provide the basis of what can be acceptable in HIS research in lower-income countries and areas where study procedures could be adjusted.
ОПЫТ ПРЕПОДАВАНИЯ МЕТОДОВ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ НАПРЯЖЕННОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ В ДЕТАЛЯХ ОБОРУДОВАНИЯ
Authors: Sverdlik Grigory I. , Ataeva Anzhela Y. 
Published: October 2021

Аннотация. В технических вузах преподаются дисциплины, связанные с исследованиями оборудования, в которых имеется раздел об исследованиях напряженного состояния в деталях машин. Задачей статьи является изложение методики преподавания одного из разделов дисциплины «Исследование металлургических машин и оборудования» в Северо-Кавказском горно-металлургическом институте (государственном технологическом университете).
Цель. Обмен опытом преподавания дисциплины «Исследование металлургических машин и оборудования», одним из разделов которой является «Методы исследования напряженного состояния в деталях оборудования».
Актуальность работы состоит в полезности обмена опытом, анализе работ по преподаванию технических дисциплин, возможности распространения приведенного опыта на преподавание других технических дисциплин и получения отзывов на методику преподавания с целью совершенствования процесса преподавания.
Методика проведения работы. Обобщение опыта преподавания вышеуказанной дисциплины, состоящее в раскрытии содержания этапов:
1. Теоретическое изучение методов определения напряжений и деформаций: метода хрупких тензочувствительных покрытий, поляризационно-оптического метода, метода определения напряжений и деформаций по измерениям в отдельных точках с применением тензодатчиков. 2. Изучение тензометрических методов в лабораторных условиях с изучением конструкций тензодатчиков и месдоз на примере их применения для измерения усилия на валки прокатного стана при прокатке. Кроме того рассмотрен пример применения тензодатчиков для определения крутящего момента на шпинделе лабораторного прокатного стана и приведены темы лабораторных работ. При описании лабораторных работ освещены методики их выполнения 3. Методы контроля усвоения студентами полученной информации и критерии оценки выполненных лабораторных работ.
Обсуждение результатов. Сделан вывод, что преподавание методов исследования напряженного состояния в деталях оборудования направлено на получение студентами знаний о данных методах и освоение умения пользоваться аппаратурой для исследований. При этом происходит закрепление знаний, полученных при изучении дисциплин «Физика», «Сопротивление материалов», «Электротехника» об эффектах, лежащих в основе методологии исследований.
Заключение. Рассмотренный опыт может быть полезен при преподавании дисциплин вида «Исследование металлургических машин и оборудования», а также других технических дисциплин, в которых изучается материал по исследованию напряженного состояния в деталях оборудования. Результативность обучения студентов по рассматриваемой дисциплине состоит в приобретении возможности использования студентами полученных знаний и умений в производственной деятельности по конструированию и эксплуатации металлургических машин и оборудования.
Hospital Financial Health and Clinical Choices: Evidence from the Financial Crisis
Authors: Adelino Manuel , Lewellen Katharina , McCartney W. Ben 
Published: October 2021

Financial constraints can cause firms to reduce product quality when quality is difficult to observe. We test this hypothesis in the context of medical choices at hospitals. Using heart attacks and child deliveries, we ask whether hospitals shift toward more profitable treatment options after a financial shock—the 2008 financial crisis. The crisis was followed by an unprecedented drop in hospital investments, yet the aggregate trends show no discrete shifts in treatment intensity post-2008. For cardiac treatment (but not for child deliveries), we find evidence that hospitals with larger financial losses during the financial crisis subsequently increased their use of intensive treatments relative to hospitals with smaller losses, consistent with the effects of financing constraints. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, finance.
Carga de trabalho da equipe de enfermagem neonatal e sua relação com características da clientela
Authors: Franco Aline Patrícia Vicente , Hamasaki Beatriz Pera de Almeida , Puiz Luciana Renata De , Dorigan Gisele Hespanhol , Dini Ariane Polidoro , Carmona Elenice Valentim 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: avaliar a carga de trabalho de enfermagem em uma unidade de internação neonatal e correlacionar com características clínicas dos pacientes. Método: estudo descritivo e transversal, com o Nursing Activities Score em uma unidade neonatal de hospital público de ensino. Foram incluídos pacientes hospitalizados por no mínimo 24 horas, no período de 60 dias. Os dados foram analisados segundo estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 115 pacientes, com total de 1944 medidas. A média do Nursing Activities Score foi de 73%, obtendo-se média de 74% em leitos de cuidados intensivos e 64% em cuidados semi-intensivos. Conclusão: identificou-se uma alta carga de trabalho, com média de 17,5 horas de assistência a cada recém-nascido nas 24 horas, o que pode ter impacto na segurança da assistência. Peso de nascimento e idade gestacional podem representar incremento à carga de trabalho dos profissionais.
Importância da vitamina B12 para a função neurológica e cognitiva: da gestação à infância
Authors: Berti Zanella Priscila , Oliveira Caúla Garzone Emmanuela 
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A vitamina B12 apresenta importância para o sistema nervoso central, estando envolvida em processos como o desenvolvimento cerebral, mielinização neural e função cognitiva. Objetivo: Examinar as evidências que relacionam a vitamina B12 materna e na infância com o desenvolvimento neurológico e cognitivo. Materiais e métodos: Revisão da literatura dos últimos 60 anos, buscando nas bases SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, MEDLINE e CINAHL. Foram selecionados estudos realizados em humanos do tipo observacional, de coorte, caso-controle e ensaios clínicos, randomizados ou não. Resultados: O status de vitamina B12 materno durante a gravidez e no período da amamentação apresenta influência no status de B12 dos filhos. Durante a infância a deficiência de B12 se correlaciona com falhas no desenvolvimento cerebral e no crescimento, enquanto os dados sobre sua influência em parâmetros cognitivos infantis apresentam resultados conflitantes. Mulheres veganas ou vegetarianas devem garantir uma ingestão adequada de vitamina B12 para fornecer para seu bebê em desenvolvimento uma vez que apresentam maior risco de insuficiência. Conclusões: O status de vitamina B12 materno é um determinante essencial do status de B12 na prole. Ainda é necessário pesquisas para analisar a influência da vitamina B12 na cognição, enquanto seu papel no desenvolvimento cerebral já é bem estabelecido.
Compact silicon-based on-chip wavelength triplexer using directional couplers with double bridged subwavelength gratings
Authors: Chen Jingyuan , Xiao Jinbiao 
Published: October 2021

A compact silicon on-chip wavelength triplexer engineered by double
bridged subwavelength gratings (BSWGs) is proposed based on cascaded
symmetric directional couplers (SDCs). The SDC consists of a pair of
symmetric and identical BSWGs with another SWG waveguide implemented
in the middle of the SDC section. It functions well provided that the
coupling lengths can match even or odd times of beat lengths of the
three wavelengths. Relying on deliberately tailoring the structural
dimensions of SWGs at different positions of SDC, the two lowest-mode
refractive indices and beat lengths can be efficiently tuned,
drastically reducing device footprint. The results show a total device
length of 42.2 µm, which is

∼

10

%

of its conventional counterpart based
on SDCs. An insertion loss (IL) lower than 0.67 dB, reflection loss
(RL) below

−

21.4

d
B

, and extinction ratio (ER) as high as
34.5 dB are also obtained in the results. The bandwidths around
wavelength bands and fabrication tolerances to dimensional variations
are investigated and analyzed. The field evolutions for the three
injected wavelength bands are presented.
Templated dewetting for self-assembled ultra-low-loss chalcogenide integrated photonics
Authors: Jean Philippe , Douaud Alexandre , LaRochelle Sophie , Messaddeq Younès , Shi Wei 
Published: October 2021

Integrated photonics is of growing interest but relies on complex fabrication methods that have yet to match optical losses of bulkier platforms like optical fibers or whispering gallery mode resonators. Spontaneous matter reorganization phenomenon (e.g. dewetting) in thin-films provides a way for self-assembled structures with atomic scale surface rugosity, potentially alleviating the problems of roughness scattering loss and fabrication complexity. In this article, we study solid-state dewetting in chalcogenide glass thin-films and demonstrate its applicability to the fabrication of high-quality integrated photonics components. Optimal dewetting parameters are derived from a comprehensive experimental study of thin-film properties under high temperature rapid annealing. Atomic scale surface roughness are obtained using dewetting, with RMS values as low as R
q
= 0.189 nm. Several integrated photonics components are fabricated using the method and characterized. We show that the use of pre-patterned templates leads to organized, reproducible patterns with large-scale uniformity and demonstrate the record high quality-factor of 4.7 × 106 in compact (R = 50 µm) microdisks, corresponding to 0.08 dB⋅cm−1 waveguide propagation loss. The integrated devices are directly fabricated on standard silicon-on-insulator dice using the micro-trench filling technique and coupled to silicon waveguides, making them readily deployable with existing silicon devices and systems.
Urinary urgency acts as a source of divided attention leading to changes in gait in older adults with overactive bladder
Authors: Gibson William , Jones Allyson , Hunter Kathleen , Wagg Adrian 
Published: October 2021

Aims
There is a well-recognised but unexplained association between lower urinary tract symptoms including urgency and urgency incontinence and falls in older people. It has been hypothesised that urinary urgency acts as a source of divided attention, leading to gait changes which increase falls risk. This study aimed to assess whether urinary urgency acts as a source of divided attention in older adults with overactive bladder (OAB).

Methods
27 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and over with a clinical diagnosis of OAB underwent 3-Dimensional Instrumented Gait Analysis under three conditions; bladder empty, when experiencing urgency, and when being distracted by the n-back test. Temporal-spatial gait and kinematic gait data were compared between each condition using repeated measures ANOVA.

Results
Gait velocity decreased from 1.1ms-1 in the bladder empty condition to 1.0ms-1 with urgency and 0.9ms-1 with distraction (p = 0.008 and p<0.001 respectively). Stride length also decreased, from 1.2m to 1.1m with urgency and 1.0m with distraction (p<0.001 for both). The presence of detrusor overactivity did not influence these results (p = 0.77).

Conclusions
In older adults with OAB, urinary urgency induced similar changes in gait to those caused by a distracting task. These gait changes are associated with increased fall risk. This may be part of the explanation for the association between falls and lower urinary tract symptoms in older people. Future research should examine the effect of pharmacological treatment of OAB on gait and on the effect of dual-task training on gait when experiencing urgency.