bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Room‐Temperature On‐Spin‐Switching and Tuning in a Porphyrin‐Based Multifunctional Interface
Authors: Sturmeit Henning Maximilian , Cojocariu Iulia , Windischbacher Andreas , Puschnig Peter , Piamonteze Cinthia , Jugovac Matteo , Sala Alessandro , Africh Cristina , Comelli Giovanni , Cossaro Albano , Verdini Alberto , Floreano Luca , Stredansky Matus , Vesselli Erik , Hohner Chantal , Kettner Miroslav , Libuda Jörg , Schneider Claus Michael , Zamborlini Giovanni , Cinchetti Mirko , Feyer Vitaliy 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMolecular interfaces formed between metals and molecular compounds offer a great potential as building blocks for future opto‐electronics and spintronics devices. Here, a combined theoretical and experimental spectro‐microscopy approach is used to show that the charge transfer occurring at the interface between nickel tetraphenyl porphyrins and copper changes both spin and oxidation states of the Ni ion from [Ni(II), S = 0] to [Ni(I), S = 1/2]. The chemically active Ni(I), even in a buried multilayer system, can be functionalized with nitrogen dioxide, allowing a selective tuning of the electronic properties of the Ni center that is switched to a [Ni(II), S = 1] state. While Ni acts as a reversible spin switch, it is found that the electronic structure of the macrocycle backbone, where the frontier orbitals are mainly localized, remains unaffected. These findings pave the way for using the present porphyrin‐based system as a platform for the realization of multifunctional devices where the magnetism and the optical/transport properties can be controlled simultaneously by independent stimuli.
A Developer Relations (DevRel) model to govern developers in Software Ecosystems
Authors: Fontão Awdren , Cleger‐Tamayo Sergio , Wiese Igor , Pereira dos Santos Rodrigo , Claudio Dias‐Neto Arilo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSoftware Ecosystem (SECO) comprises third‐party developers cooperating and competing when contributing to a platform provided by a central organization (keystone). There are keystones investing in Developer Relations (DevRel) internal team as a global business strategy to attract and engage a critical mass of third‐party developers in producing and evolving contributions. For this reason, the DevRel team should promote social relationships among SECO actors and synergy among keystone' goals and developers' expectations to survive to inherit changes. However, the understanding of DevRel structure and the way DevRel team can act on a SECO to better engage the developers' communities establishing a robust VCN (Value Creation Network) remain a challenge. In this article, we advance on the structure for developers' governance from DevRel by proposing and refining a model because of the following research methods: grey literature review, opinion survey, and interviews. The model is called DevGo (DEVeloper GOVernance) and consists of four focus areas, three developer advancement phases, six stages, enablers, and value transfer objects. In addition, a set of 62 lessons learned from DevRel practitioners is associated with DevGo stages.
Review on Microstructural and Ion‐conductivity Properties of Biodegradable Starch‐Based Solid Polymer Electrolyte Membranes
Authors: Koduru Hari Krishna , Marinov Yordan Georgiev , Scaramuzza Nicola 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCurrently, scientific developments in both the academic and industrial research communities are giving much attention towards the development of green chemistry secondary ion batteries with safety attributes. Biodegradable starch polymer‐based electrolyte systems doped with different inorganic salts are gaining much attention owing to their intriguing and non‐toxic nature. In this context, several research approaches have been identified for the improvement of lithium‐ion conductivities at ambient temperatures, thermal and mechanical properties of starch polymer‐based electrolytes. The present review provides consolidated information on chronological developments in the fabrication of different types of starch‐based electrolytes (i.e., pure, blend, plasticized, and nanocomposites) and discusses microstructural, thermal, mechanical, and lithium‐ion conductivity properties given lithium‐ion batteries. Among all types, ionic liquids doped starch‐based electrolytes demonstrated appreciable room temperature Li‐ion conductivities. In parallel, a comparative study on Na+, K+, NH4+, Ag+, and Mg2+– ions conductivities in starch‐based electrolytes is presented to emphasize the further research scope on the development of novel secondary ion batteries in complementing with lithium‐ion batteries.
Development of sustainable concrete incorporating metakaolin and sintered fly ash aggregate
Authors: Patra Surya Narayan , Patra Rakesh Kumar , Mukharjee Bibhuti Bhusan , Jena Sanghamitra 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe importance of using sintered fly ash aggregates (SFAs) as coarse aggregate and metakaolin (MK) as partial replacement of cement for generating sustainable concrete has been accessed in this research. For this, concrete mixes are designed by replacing 0%, 15%, 30%, and 45% natural coarse aggregates (NCAs) by SFA and incorporating 0%, 10%, 15%, and 20% MK in place ordinary Portland cement (OPC) along with a constant water‐binder ratio (0.42). Workability, compressive, split tensile and flexural strength, and nondestructive parameters and other characteristics (water absorption, volume of voids, and density) of designated mixes are evaluated by performing various experiments in the laboratory. The study demonstrates that significant degradation in concrete behavior has been observed with the use of 45% SFA and 20% MK. However, usage of 30% SFA in place of NCA and 10–15% MK as cement replacement is beneficial in achieving the desired target strength and fulfills other concrete requirements for practical use.
A unified approach for determining the strength of FRC beams subjected to torsion–Part II: Analytical modeling
Authors: Facconi Luca , Amin Ali , Minelli Fausto , Plizzari Giovanni 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe addition of fibers to structural concrete is an accepted means in academia and practice to traverse tension across cracks. Several international codes of practice contain provisions, which allow a designer to rely on the fibers to resist flexure and shear. However, despite the wider community appreciating that the presence of fibers can significantly increase the capacity of reinforced concrete in resisting torsion, design guidelines are currently unavailable to the practicing engineer. As a result of minimum reinforcement requirements prescribed by codes to prevent excessive torsional cracking in reinforced concrete, a significant underutilization of the fibers is often encountered and this can lead to costly and exorbitant designs. In the accompanying paper, benchmark experimental data were presented on 18 large‐scale fiber‐reinforced concrete (FRC) members subjected to torsion, which clearly identified the beneficial effects of the fibers at all stages of loading. In this study, simplified and advanced mechanically consistent analytical models are developed within the so‐called level of approximation approach (within the framework of current Model Code) to describe the strength of FRC beams loaded in torsion.
Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on use of anti‐dementia medications in 34 European and North American countries
Authors: Ju Chengsheng , Lau Wallis C.Y. , Hayes Joseph F. , Osborn David , Man Kenneth K.C. , Chan Esther W. , Wong Ian C.K. , Wei Li 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the global use of anti‐dementia medication is unknown. We aimed to determine the changes of anti‐dementia medication use in Europe (EU) and North America (NA) during the pandemic.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional study using sales data of anti‐dementia medications in 2019 and 2020 from 34 EU and NA countries. The monthly uses of anti‐dementia medications from January through June in 2020 were compared to the corresponding months in 2019 for each country.ResultsIn the pre‐pandemic period of January to March 2020, 70 out of 102 (3 months x 34 countries) measurements (68.6%) of monthly sales volume showed an increase. In contrast, 76.5% and 85.3% countries showed reduced sales in April and May 2020, respectively.DiscussionThese findings indicate changes in use of anti‐dementia medications during the pandemic. The delivery of pharmaceutical care for dementia patients may be heavily disrupted in certain countries.
Disclosure of individual research results at federally funded Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers
Authors: Roberts J. Scott , Ferber Rebecca , Blacker Deborah , Rumbaugh Malia , Grill Joshua D. ,   for the Advisory Group on Risk Evidence Education for Dementia (AGREED)
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionThis study describes practices for disclosing individual research results to participants in Alzheimer's disease research.MethodsAn online survey of clinical core leaders at National Institutes of Health‐funded Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers in the United States (response rate: 30/31, 97%) examined return of results practices across nine different types of research results.ResultsMost centers had returned consensus research diagnoses (83%) and neuropsychological test results (73%), with fewer having shared amyloid positron emission tomography (43%), tau imaging (10%), or apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype (7%) results. Centers reported having disclosed a mean of 3.1 types of results (standard deviation = 2.1; range 0–8). The most commonly cited reason for disclosure was to inform participants’ medical decision‐making (88%). Disclosure involved multiple professionals and modalities, with neurologists (87%) and in‐person visits (85%) most commonplace.DiscussionCenters varied widely as to whether and how they disclosed research results. Diagnostic and cognitive test results were more commonly returned than genetic or biomarker results.
Localized Kaluza-Klein 6-brane
Authors: Kimura Tetsuji , Sasaki Shin , Shiozawa Kenta 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We study the membrane wrapping mode corrections to the Kaluza-Klein (KK) 6-brane in eleven dimensions. We examine the localized KK6-brane in the extended space in E7(7) exceptional field theory. In order to discuss the physical origin of the localization in the extended space, we consider a probe M2-brane in eleven dimensions. We show that a three-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 gauge theory is naturally interpreted as a membrane generalization of the two-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (4, 4) gauged linear sigma model for the fundamental string. We point out that the vector field in the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 model is identified as a dual coordinate of the KK6-brane geometry. We find that the BPS vortex in the gauge theory gives rise to the violation of the isometry along the dual direction. We then show that the vortex corrections are regarded as an instanton effect in M-theory induced by the probe M2-brane wrapping around the M-circle.
Intersecting defects in gauge theory, quantum spin chains, and Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations
Authors: Jeong Saebyeok , Lee Norton , Nekrasov Nikita 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We propose an interesting BPS/CFT correspondence playground: the correlation function of two intersecting half-BPS surface defects in four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 supersymmetric SU(N) gauge theory with 2N fundamental hypermultiplets. We show it satisfies a difference equation, the fractional quantum T-Q relation. Its Fourier transform is the 5-point conformal block of the $$ {\hat{\mathfrak{sl}}}_N $$

sl
̂

N

current algebra with one of the vertex operators corresponding to the N-dimensional $$ {\mathfrak{sl}}_N $$

sl
N

representation, which we demonstrate with the help of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation. We also identify the correlator with a state of the $$ {XXX}_{{\mathfrak{sl}}_2} $$

XXX

sl
2

spin chain of N Heisenberg-Weyl modules over Y ($$ {\mathfrak{sl}}_2 $$

sl
2

). We discuss the associated quantum Lax operators, and connections to isomonodromic deformations.
Holographic topological defects and local gauge symmetry: clusters of strongly coupled equal-sign vortices
Authors: Li Zhi-Hong , Xia Chuan-Yin , Zeng Hua-Bi , Zhang Hai-Qing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Gauge invariance plays an important role in forming topological defects. In this work, from the AdS/CFT correspondence, we realize the clusters of equal-sign vortices during the course of critical dynamics of a strongly coupled superconductor. This is the first time to achieve the equal-sign vortex clusters in strongly coupled systems. The appearance of clusters of equal-sign vortices is a typical character of flux trapping mechanism, distinct from Kibble-Zurek mechanism which merely presents vortex-antivortex pair distributions resulting from global symmetry breaking. Numerical results of spatial correlations and net fluxes of the equal-sign vortex clusters quantitatively support the positive correlations between vortices. The linear dependence between the vortex number and the amplitude of magnetic field at the ‘trapping’ time demonstrates the flux trapping mechanism very well.
Dual EFT bootstrap: QCD flux tubes
Authors: Miró Joan Elias , Guerrieri Andrea 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We develop a bootstrap approach to Effective Field Theories (EFTs) based on the concept of duality in optimisation theory. As a first application, we consider the fascinating set of EFTs for confining flux tubes. The outcome of our analysis are optimal bounds on the scattering amplitude of Goldstone excitations of the flux tube, which in turn translate into bounds on the Wilson coefficients of the EFT action. Finally, we comment on how our approach compares to EFT positivity bounds.
Closed sets of finitary functions between products of finite fields of coprime order
Authors: Fioravanti Stefano 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe investigate the finitary functions from a finite product of finite fields $$\prod _{j =1}^m\mathbb {F}_{q_j} = {\mathbb K}$$

∏

j
=
1

m

F

q
j

=
K

to a finite product of finite fields $$\prod _{i =1}^n\mathbb {F}_{p_i} = {\mathbb {F}}$$

∏

i
=
1

n

F

p
i

=
F

, where $$|{\mathbb K}|$$

|
K
|

and $$|{\mathbb {F}}|$$

|
F
|

are coprime. An $$({\mathbb {F}},{\mathbb K})$$

(
F
,
K
)

-linearly closed clonoid is a subset of these functions which is closed under composition from the right and from the left with linear mappings. We give a characterization of these subsets of functions through the $${\mathbb {F}}_p[{\mathbb K}^{\times }]$$

F
p

[

K

×

]

-submodules of $$\mathbb {F}_p^{{\mathbb K}}$$

F
p
K

, where $${\mathbb K}^{\times }$$

K

×

is the multiplicative monoid of $${\mathbb K}= \prod _{i=1}^m {\mathbb {F}}_{q_i}$$

K
=

∏

i
=
1

m

F

q
i

. Furthermore we prove that each of these subsets of functions is generated by a set of unary functions and we provide an upper bound for the number of distinct $$({\mathbb {F}},{\mathbb K})$$

(
F
,
K
)

-linearly closed clonoids.
Structure–function relationships explain CTCF zinc finger mutation phenotypes in cancer
Authors: Bailey Charles G. , Gupta Shailendra , Metierre Cynthia , Amarasekera Punkaja M. S. , O’Young Patrick , Kyaw Wunna , Laletin Tatyana , Francis Habib , Semaan Crystal , Sharifi Tabar Mehdi , Singh Krishna P. , Mullighan Charles G. , Wolkenhauer Olaf , Schmitz Ulf , Rasko John E. J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) plays fundamental roles in transcriptional regulation and chromatin architecture maintenance. CTCF is also a tumour suppressor frequently mutated in cancer, however, the structural and functional impact of mutations have not been examined. We performed molecular and structural characterisation of five cancer-specific CTCF missense zinc finger (ZF) mutations occurring within key intra- and inter-ZF residues. Functional characterisation of CTCF ZF mutations revealed a complete (L309P, R339W, R377H) or intermediate (R339Q) abrogation as well as an enhancement (G420D) of the anti-proliferative effects of CTCF. DNA binding at select sites was disrupted and transcriptional regulatory activities abrogated. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics confirmed that mutations in residues specifically contacting DNA bases or backbone exhibited loss of DNA binding. However, R339Q and G420D were stabilised by the formation of new primary DNA bonds, contributing to gain-of-function. Our data confirm that a spectrum of loss-, change- and gain-of-function impacts on CTCF zinc fingers are observed in cell growth regulation and gene regulatory activities. Hence, diverse cellular phenotypes of mutant CTCF are clearly explained by examining structure–function relationships.
Genomic analysis for heat and combined heat–drought resilience in bread wheat under field conditions
Authors: Itam Michael O. , Mega Ryosuke , Gorafi Yasir S. A. , Yamasaki Yuji , Tahir Izzat S. A. , Akashi Kinya , Tsujimoto Hisashi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Key message
GWAS on a bread wheat panel with high D genome diversity identified novel alleles and QTLs associated with resilience to combined heat and drought stress under natural field conditions.

Abstract
As heat (H) and drought stresses occur concurrently under field conditions, studying them separately offers limited opportunities for wheat improvement. Here, a wheat diversity panel containing Aegilops tauschii introgressions was evaluated under H and combined heat–drought (HD) stresses to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resilience to the stresses, and to assess the practicability of harnessing Ae. tauschii diversity for breeding for combined stress resilience. Using genome-wide analysis, we identified alleles and QTLs on chromosomes 3D, 5D, and 7A controlling grain yield (GY), kernel number per spike, and thousand-kernel weight, and on 3D (521–549 Mbp) controlling GY alone. A strong marker–trait association (MTA) for GY stability on chromosome 3D (508.3 Mbp) explained 20.3% of the variation. Leaf traits—canopy temperature, vegetation index, and carbon isotope composition—were controlled by five QTLs on 2D (23–96, 511–554, and 606–614 Mbp), 3D (155–171 Mbp), and 5D (407–413 Mbp); some of them were pleiotropic for GY and yield-related traits. Further analysis revealed candidate genes, including GA20ox, regulating GY stability, and CaaX prenyl protease 2, regulating canopy temperature at the flowering stage, under H and HD stresses. As genome-wide association studies under HD in field conditions are scarce, our results provide genomic landmarks for wheat breeding to improve adaptation to H and HD conditions under climate change.
Sex differences in intraorgan fat levels and hepatic lipid metabolism: implications for cardiovascular health and remission of type 2 diabetes after dietary weight loss
Authors: Jesuthasan Aaron , Zhyzhneuskaya Sviatlana , Peters Carl , Barnes Alison C. , Hollingsworth Kieren G. , Sattar Naveed , Lean Michael E. J. , Taylor Roy , Al-Mrabeh Ahmad H. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Type 2 diabetes confers a greater relative increase in CVD risk in women compared with men. We examined sex differences in intraorgan fat and hepatic VLDL1-triacylglycerol (VLDL1-TG) export before and after major dietary weight loss.

Methods
A group with type 2 diabetes (n = 64, 30 male/34 female) and a group of healthy individuals (n = 25, 13 male/12 female) were studied. Intraorgan and visceral fat were quantified by magnetic resonance and VLDL1-TG export by intralipid infusion techniques.

Results
Triacylglycerol content of the liver and pancreas was elevated in people with diabetes with no sex differences (liver 16.4% [9.3–25.0%] in women vs 11.9% [7.0–23.1%] in men, p = 0.57, and pancreas 8.3 ± 0.5% vs 8.5 ± 0.4%, p = 0.83, respectively). In the absence of diabetes, fat levels in both organs were lower in women than men (1.0% [0.9–1.7%] vs 4.5% [1.9–8.0%], p = 0.005, and 4.7 ± 0.4% vs 7.6 ± 0.5%, p< 0.0001, respectively). Women with diabetes had higher hepatic VLDL1-TG production rate and plasma VLDL1-TG than healthy women (559.3 ± 32.9 vs 403.2 ± 45.7 mg kg−1 day−1, p = 0.01, and 0.45 [0.26–0.77] vs 0.25 [0.13–0.33] mmol/l, p = 0.02), whereas there were no differences in men (548.8 ± 39.8 vs 506.7 ± 29.2 mg kg−1 day−1, p = 0.34, and 0.72 [0.53–1.15] vs 0.50 [0.32–0.68] mmol/l, p = 0.26). Weight loss decreased intraorgan fat and VLDL1-TG production rates regardless of sex, and these changes were accompanied by similar rates of diabetes remission (65.4% vs 71.0%) and CVD risk reduction (59.8% vs 41.5%) in women and men, respectively.

Conclusions/interpretation
In type 2 diabetes, women have liver and pancreas fat levels as high as those of men, associated with raised hepatic VLDL1-TG production rates. Dynamics of triacylglycerol turnover differ between sexes in type 2 diabetes and following weight loss. These changes may contribute to the disproportionately raised cardiovascular risk of women with diabetes.

Graphical abstract
Analgesic effect of oral ibuprofen 400, 600, and 800 mg; paracetamol 500 and 1000 mg; and paracetamol 1000 mg plus 60 mg codeine in acute postoperative pain: a single-dose, randomized, placebo-controlled, and double-blind study
Authors: Lyngstad Gaute , Skjelbred Per , Swanson David M. , Skoglund Lasse A. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Effect size estimates of analgesic drugs can be misleading. Ibuprofen (400 mg, 600 mg, 800 mg), paracetamol (1000 mg, 500 mg), paracetamol 1000 mg/codeine 60 mg, and placebo were investigated to establish the multidimensional pharmacodynamic profiles of each drug on acute pain with calculated effect size estimates.

Methods
A randomized, double-blind, single-dose, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, single-centre, outpatient, and single-dose study used 350 patients (mean age 25 year, range 18 to 30 years) of homogenous ethnicity after third molar surgery. Primary outcome was sum pain intensity over 6 h. Secondary outcomes were time to analgesic onset, duration of analgesia, time to rescue drug intake, number of patients taking rescue drug, sum pain intensity difference, maximum pain intensity difference, time to maximum pain intensity difference, number needed to treat values, adverse effects, overall drug assessment as patient-reported outcome measure (PROM), and the effect size estimates NNT and NNTp.

Results
Ibuprofen doses above 400 mg do not significantly increase analgesic effect. Paracetamol has a very flat analgesic dose–response profile. Paracetamol 1000/codeine 60 mg gives similar analgesia as ibuprofen from 400 mg, but has a shorter time to analgesic onset. Active drugs show no significant difference in maximal analgesic effect. Other secondary outcomes support these findings. The frequencies of adverse effects were low, mild to moderate in all active groups. NNT and NTTp values did not coincide well with PROMs.

Conclusion
Ibuprofen doses above 400 mg for acute pain offer limited analgesic gain. Paracetamol 1000 mg/codeine 60 mg is comparable to ibuprofen doses from 400 mg. Calculated effect size estimates and PROM in our study seem not to relate well as clinical analgesic efficacy estimators.

Trial registration
NCT00699114.