bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Injectable GelMA Cryogel Microspheres for Modularized Cell Delivery and Potential Vascularized Bone Regeneration
Authors: Yuan Zuoying , Yuan Xiaojing , Zhao Yuming , Cai Qing , Wang Yue , Luo Ruochen , Yu Shi , Wang Yuanyuan , Han Jianmin , Ge Lihong , Huang Jianyong , Xiong Chunyang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCell therapeutics hold tremendous regenerative potential and the therapeutic effect depends on the effective delivery of cells. However, current cell delivery carriers with unsuitable cytocompatibility and topological structure demonstrate poor cell viability during injection. Therefore, porous shape‐memory cryogel microspheres (CMS) are prepared from methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) by combining an emulsion technique with gradient‐cooling cryogelation. Pore sizes of the CMS are adjusted via the gradient‐cooling procedure, with the optimized pore size (15.5 ± 6.0 µm) being achieved on the 30‐min gradient‐cooled variant (CMS‐30). Unlike hydrogel microspheres (HMS), CMS promotes human bone marrow stromal cell (hBMSC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) adhesion, proliferated with high levels of stemness for 7 d, and protects cells during the injection process using a 26G syringe needle. Moreover, CMS‐30 enhances the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs in osteoinductive media. CMS can serve as building blocks for delivering multiple cell types. Here, hBMSC‐loaded and HUVEC‐loaded CMS‐30, mixed at a 1:1 ratio, are injected subcutaneously into nude mice for 2 months. Results show the development of vascularized bone‐like tissue with high levels of OCN and CD31. These findings indicate that GelMA CMS of a certain pore size can effectively deliver multiple cells to achieve functional tissue regeneration.
In Situ Vapor‐Phase Halide Exchange of Patterned Perovskite Thin Films
Authors: Kim Geemin , An Sol , Hyeong Seok‐Ki , Lee Seoung‐Ki , Kim Myungwoong , Shin Naechul 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMetal halide perovskites (MHPs) exhibit optoelectronic properties that are dependent on their ionic composition, and the feasible exploitation of these properties for device applications requires the ability to control the ionic composition integrated with the patterning process. Herein, the halide exchange process of MHP thin films directly combined with the patterning process via a vapor transport method is demonstrated. Specifically, the patterned arrays of CH3NH3PbBr3 (MAPbBr3) are obtained by stepwise conversion from polymer‐templated PbI2 thin films to CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3), followed by halide exchange via precursor switching from CH3NH3I to CH3NH3Br. It is confirmed that the phase transformation from MAPbI3 patterns to MAPbBr3 shows time‐ and position‐dependences on the substrate during halide exchange following the solid‐solution model with Avrami kinetics. The photodetectors fabricated from the completely exchanged MAPbBr3 patterns display exceptional air stability and reversible detectivity from “apparent death” upon removing the adsorbed impurities, thereby suggesting the superior structural stability of perovskite patterns prepared through vapor‐phase halide exchange. The results demonstrate the potential of chemical vapor deposition patterning of MHP materials in multicomponent optoelectronic device systems.
Gastric Acid Powered Nanomotors Release Antibiotics for In Vivo Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection
Authors: Wu Yang , Song Zhiyong , Deng Guiyun , Jiang Kai , Wang Huajuan , Zhang Xueji , Han Heyou 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has ≈75% probability of causing gastric cancer, so it is considered to be the strongest single risk factor for gastric malignancies. However, the harsh gastric acid environment has created obstacles to medical treatment. This work reports a nanomotor with a bottle‐shaped container that can be loaded with small molecules of clarithromycin, nano calcium peroxide (CaO2), and Pt nanoparticles (Pt NPs) by ultrasound. Nanomotors can quickly consume gastric acid through the chemical reaction of CaO2 to temporarily neutralize gastric acid. The product hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is catalytically decomposed into a large amount of oxygen (O2) by Pt NPs. The local concentration gradient of O2 bubbles causes it to be expelled from the nanobottles through a narrow opening, and then push the nanobottles forward to provide maximum release and prodrug efficacy. Experiments in animal models show that 15 mg nanomotors can safely and quickly neutralize gastric acid in the stomach and simultaneously release prodrugs to achieve good therapeutic effects without causing acute toxicity. H. pylori burden in mice was 2.6 orders of magnitude lower than that in the control group. The stomach returns to normal pH within 1 d after administration.
Bright NIR‐II Photoluminescence in Rod‐Shaped Icosahedral Gold Nanoclusters
Authors: Li Qi , Zeman Charles J. , Ma Zhuoran , Schatz George C. , Gu X. Wendy 
Published: February 2021

AbstractFluorophores with high quantum yields, extended maximum emission wavelengths, and long photoluminescence (PL) lifetimes are still lacking for sensing and imaging applications in the second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II). In this work, a series of rod‐shaped icosahedral nanoclusters with bright NIR‐II PL, quantum yields up to ≈8%, and a peak emission wavelength of 1520 nm are reported. It is found that the bright NIR‐II emission arises from a previously ignored state with near‐zero oscillator strength in the ground‐state geometry and the central Au atom in the nanoclusters suppresses the non‐radiative transitions and enhances the overall PL efficiency. In addition, a framework is developed to analyze and relate the underlying transitions for the absorptions and the NIR‐II emissions in the Au nanoclusters based on the experimentally defined absorption coefficient. Overall, this work not only shows good performance of the rod‐shaped icosahedral series of Au nanoclusters as NIR‐II fluorophores, but also unravels the fundamental electronic transitions and atomic‐level structure‐property relations for the enhancement of the NIR‐II PL in gold nanoclusters. The framework developed here also provides a simple method to analyze the underlying electronic transitions in metal nanoclusters.
Future Energy Demand Developments and Demand Side Flexibility in a Decarbonized Centralized Energy System
Authors: Herbst Andrea , Klingler Anna-Lena , Heitel Stephanie , Manz Pia , Fleiter Tobias , Rehfeldt Matthias , Fermi Francesca , Fiorello Davide , Martino Angelo , Reiter Ulrich 
Published: February 2021

AbstractEuropean final energy consumption mainly stems from five sectors: transport, households, industry, residential, and agriculture using fossil fuels as dominant energy carriers. In order to achieve the climate targets, emissions in the demand sectors must be drastically reduced. Due to different characteristics and challenges each sector needs its own strategy how to achieve such decarbonization until 2050. In the following chapter, the impacts of an ambitious mitigation scenario on future energy demand and CO2emissions for transport, industry, residential, and tertiary are analyzed discussing sector specific decarbonization strategies and mitigation options. Implications of such strategies for demand-side flexibility and its future need are analyzed.
What is the Flexibility Potential in the Tertiary Sector?
Authors: Reiter Ulrich , Jakob Martin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDemand side management (DSM) is seen as a promising, cost-effective measure to cope with high shares of intermittent renewable energy in the electricity grid system. As the regulatory framework in Europe is changing in favor of opening up new market opportunities for DSM, the question is answered, which potentials are effectively available in the tertiary sector today and in the future. Results in this study are based on empirical data gathered from services companies. The collected data is of high quality and rich in detail and is of utmost importance for relevant model-based analyses. Additionally, the discussed acceptance rates of new technology or behavioral trends have a high impact on the results of the model analyses.
A Techno-Economic Comparison of Demand Side Management with Other Flexibility Options
Authors: Ladwig Theresa 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis chapter assesses the techno-economic characteristics of demand side management (DSM) in comparison with other flexibility options (e.g., energy storages) in order to estimate its flexibility and benefit for the system integration of renewable energy sources (RES). The results show that load shedding and load shifting are less flexible than other flexibility options and can therefore only balance short-term fluctuations. In contrast, load increase is more flexible and can integrate excess feed-in from RES also over longer periods. Analysis about the impact of DSM on other flexibility options show, that DSM lowers utilization and contribution margin of peak load plants and energy storages, while it increases both for baseload power plants. More electricity is consumed nationally due to DSM as it decreases imports and exports.
Population Biology and Comparative Genomics of Campylobacter Species
Authors: Epping Lennard , Antão Esther-Maria , Semmler Torsten 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe zoonotic pathogen Campylobacter is the leading cause for bacterial foodborne infections in humans. Campylobacters are most commonly transmitted via the consumption of undercooked poultry meat or raw milk products. The decreasing costs of whole genome sequencing enabled large genome-based analyses of the evolution and population structure of this pathogen, as well as the development of novel high-throughput molecular typing methods. Here, we review the evolutionary development and the population diversity of the two most clinically relevant Campylobacter species; C. jejuni and C. coli. The state-of-the-art phylogenetic studies showed clustering of C. jejuni lineages into host specialists and generalists with coexisting lifestyles in chicken and livestock-associated hosts, as well as the separation of C. coli isolates of riparian origin (waterfowl, water) from C. coli isolated from clinical and farm-related samples. We will give an overview of recombination between both species and the potential impact of horizontal gene transfer on host adaptation in Campylobacter. Additionally, this review briefly places the current knowledge of the population structure of other Campylobacter species such as C. lari, C. concisus and C. upsaliensis into perspective. We also provide an overview of how molecular typing methods such as multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and whole genome MLST have been used to detect and trace Campylobacter outbreaks along the food chain.
Experiential Sociometry Practice and Safety Structures with Groups
Authors: Giacomucci Scott 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis chapter is devoted to the description and depiction of action sociometry processes and safety structures in group settings, especially in group therapy. Each of these is presented with considerations to theory, safety, and multiple examples of structured prompts for their application in diverse social work group settings. Experiential sociometry processes outlined include the use of small groups, spectrograms, locograms, floor checks, step-in sociometry, hand-on-shoulder soicograms, and the circle of strength safety structure. These action-based processes can be modified for use in any group setting to enliven the group experience.
Sociometric Assessment and Written Psychodramatic Interventions in Individual Social Work Practice
Authors: Giacomucci Scott 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe application of sociometry assessments and written psychodrama interventions within one-to-one social work settings is the focus of this chapter. Interventions covered include the social atom, the role atom, modified role atoms, clinical timelines, psychodramatic journaling, and psychodramatic letter writing. Step-by-step instructions are provided for clinicians new to these techniques. Practice examples and clinical processing are offered with depictions of the social atom and role atoms. These tools are presented individually with supporting theory but are often employed together or as a warm-up for a psychodrama enactment. Novice psychodramatists or those less experienced in action methods will find these approaches as a good starting point for beginning to integration sociometry and psychodramatic interventions into their clinical practice with individuals. Though these tools will be presented for individual work, they are also applicable tools for group work and community settings.
Sociodrama, Activism, and Role Training to Empower Communities
Authors: Giacomucci Scott 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis chapter will highlight the use of role-playing, especially sociodramaand role trainingin community empowerment and social activist movements. Historical context will be provided for the traditions of using drama, theater, and role-play in social work and social activismincluding Jacob Moreno’s vision of the theater as a modality for societal change. The sociodramatic approach will be outlined with focus on its utility in community settings as an experiential and communal experience of social action. Multiple examples of sociodrama or role training in communities are depicted with an emphasis on its adaptability for different settings and its effectiveness at empowering people. Examples include its application with youth, law enforcement, intergenerational dialogues, domestic violence response teams, undocumented immigrant communities, social work students, and to empower advocacy with employers, insurance providers, funders, or policy makers.
Sociometry, Psychodrama, and Experiential Teaching in Social Work Education and Supervision
Authors: Giacomucci Scott 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis chapter is devoted to the use of Moreno’s methods within education and supervision contexts to prepare the next generation of competent social work practitioners. The history and current state of Moreno’s methods in US and international academia is outlined, along with limitations to embedding psychodrama within university settings. Social work education’s history of experiential education is described with its relevance to sociometry and psychodrama as experiential teaching tools. Research on the effectiveness of experiential teaching and role-play in the classroom is offered and the importance of supervision in social work and psychodrama is highlighted. Examples and structured prompts are provided with a focus on using experiential sociometry processes (spectrograms, locograms, floor checks, step-in sociometry, hands-on-shoulder sociograms, and the circle of strengths) to enhance the learning experience of social work students, interns, and supervisees in various settings. Vignettes are also included which depict the use of written sociometric processes and psychodramatic role-plays within supervision or mentorship contexts.
Conclusion—A Future Vision of Social Work with Moreno’s Methods
Authors: Giacomucci Scott 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis brief conclusion offers a new vision for the integration of Moreno’s methods into the social work field. Moreno’s triadic system, sociometry, psychodrama, and group psychotherapy, provides social workers with group work skills lacking in most social work curriculums but are essential for competent practice. This chapter is largely written in the form of a psychodramatic process which includes role reversing with a social work leader in the year 2074 at the 100th year anniversary of Jacob Moreno’s death. This role reversal into an idealized future provides a reflection on how the social work field could benefit from the full integration of sociometry and psychodrama into its repertoire.
Strengths-Based and Mutual Aid Approaches in Social Work and Psychodrama
Authors: Giacomucci Scott 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSocial work and psychodrama are both inherently strengths-based approaches with person-centered philosophies that affirm the inherent goodness of individuals. The chapter outlines social work’s strengths-based perspective while connecting it to mutual aid, positive psychology, humanistic psychology, and Morenean philosophy. Social group work’s emphasis on mutual aid and group-as-a-whole processes is outlined with similarities to the theory and practice of psychodrama. The importance of a strengths-based approach in trauma work is affirmed and depicted through resilience theory and post-traumatic growth. Modern adaptations of classical psychodrama which emphasize strengths work are depicted, including positive psychodrama, the Therapeutic Spiral Model, and Souldrama.
Demographic consequences of mitigating strategies in planktonic invertebrates facing global browning of freshwater ecosystem
Authors: Adamczuk Małgorzata 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRecently, it has been reported that freshwater browning has less effect on planktonic invertebrate abundances than would be expected from current knowledge regarding of the biochemical activity of dissolved organic matter. It may be that the weak responses of whole communities to browning are masked because the individual mitigating strategies of community components have disparate demographic consequences. To examine the above hypothesis, individual-, population- and community-level responses of freshwater invertebrates to varying concentrations of terrestrial dissolved organic matter (tDOM) were investigated. Common cladocerans of the Chydoridae family, Chydorus sphaericus and Acroperus harpae, were used in the experiment which revealed that species employed different strategies to cope with tDOM. C. sphaericus maintained high production of asexual offspring at the cost of individual body growth, so any decreases in the population sizes were not observed. A. harpae, conversely, invested mainly in the production of resting eggs and increased survivability, which resulted in smaller populations. Invertebrate communities showed similar resilience and temporal stability across tDOM concentrations. Therefore, the influence of tDOM was apparently negligible at community level, since the effects of the mitigating strategies of the two species complemented one another. This experiment showed that symptoms of freshwater browning might be difficult to observe at population and community level due to effective mitigating strategies performed at the level of individuals. The effects of browning on freshwater invertebrates might be better considered in the context of alterations in the demographic rates together constituting life-cycle strategies to maintain species survival.
Erkenntnisse aus 31 Stunden Stromausfall in Berlin Köpenick – medizinische Schwerpunkte und Herausforderungen
Authors: Breuer Florian , Brettschneider Paul , Kleist Per , Poloczek Stefan , Pommerenke Christopher , Dahmen Janosch 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungAm 19.02.2019 kam es nach Durchtrennung eines 110-kV-Kabels zu einem großflächigen Stromausfall im Berliner Bezirk Treptow-Köpenick. Nachfolgend waren ca. 30.000 Haushalte ohne Strom; betroffen waren ca. 70.000 Menschen. Der Stromausfall dauerte mehr als 24 h an und stellte alle Beteiligten vor eine Vielzahl von Herausforderungen. Es wurde der Führungsstab (operativ-taktisch) einberufen, in dem auch medizinische Schwerpunkte fortlaufend identifiziert und reevaluiert werden mussten. Hierbei handelte es sich mitunter um die Identifikation von besonders gefährdeten Patienten wie beispielsweise heimbeatmeten Patienten oder Patienten mit Kunstherz. Weiterhin mussten einzelne Pflegeheime evakuiert werden. Im Verlauf war es notwendig, aufgrund des Ausfalls der Stromversorgung im Schadensgebiet, eine Intensivstation bzw. „Intermediate-care“-Station mit 23 Patienten zu evakuieren. Krankenhäuser müssen sich im Rahmen von Vorplanungen auf derartige Szenarien einstellen. Weiterhin müssen seitens der zuständigen Behörden Vorplanungen erfolgen, die die besonderen Bedürfnisse von vulnerablen Gruppen beinhalten.
Nuclear magnetic resonance parameters in Zn2, Cd2 and Hg2 dimers: relativistic calculations
Authors: Jakubowska Katarzyna , Pecul Magdalena 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe potential energy curves and the NMR properties: nuclear spin–spin coupling constants and nuclear shielding constants have been calculated for Zn2, Cd2 and Hg2 dimers using density functional theory. The calculations have been carried out using the relativistic four-component Dirac–Coulomb Hamiltonian, and, in the case of energy curves, also relativistic effective core potentials. In case of NMR parameters, the relativistic effects turned out to be critically important even for the lightest dimer, Zn2. The importance of the spin–orbit coupling depends on the internuclear distance: these effects tend to be significant for short internuclear distances.
Impact of computerised physician order entry (CPOE) on the incidence of chemotherapy-related medication errors: a systematic review
Authors: Srinivasamurthy Suresh Kumar , Ashokkumar Ramkumar , Kodidela Sunitha , Howard Scott C. , Samer Caroline Flora , Chakradhara Rao Uppugunduri Satyanarayana 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Computerised prescriber (or physician) order entry (CPOE) implementation is one of the strategies to reduce medication errors. The extent to which CPOE influences the incidence of chemotherapy-related medication errors (CMEs) was not previously collated and systematically reviewed. Hence, this study was designed to collect, collate, and systematically review studies to evaluate the effect of CPOE on the incidence of CMEs.

Methods
A search was performed of four databases from 1 January 1995 until 1 August 2019. English-language studies evaluating the effect of CPOE on CMEs were selected as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. The total CMEs normalised to total prescriptions pre- and post-CPOE were extracted and collated to perform a meta-analysis using the ‘meta’ package in R. The systematic review was registered with PROSPERO CRD42018104220.

Results
The database search identified 1621 studies. After screening, 19 studies were selected for full-text review, of which 11 studies fulfilled the selection criteria. The meta-analysis of eight studies with a random effects model showed a risk ratio of 0.19 (95% confidence interval: 0.08–0.44) favouring CPOE (I2 = 99%).

Conclusion
The studies have shown consistent reduction in CMEs after CPOE implementation, except one study that showed an increase in CMEs. The random effects model in the meta-analysis of eight studies showed that CPOE implementation reduced CMEs by 81%.