bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Open‐label study with the monoamine stabilizer (‐)‐OSU6162 in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome
Authors: Haghighi Sara , Forsmark Sara , Zachrisson Olof , Carlsson Arvid , Nilsson Marie K. L. , Carlsson Maria L. , Schuit Robert C. , Gottfries Carl‐Gerhard 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the safety and tolerability of the monoaminergic stabilizer (‐)‐OSU6162 in patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). In addition, a potential therapeutic effect of (‐)‐OSU6162 in ME/CFS was evaluated by means of observer‐rated scales and self‐assessment rating scales.Materials and MethodsIn the current study using an open‐label single‐arm design ME/CFS patient received treatment with (‐)‐OSU6162 during 12 weeks. The patients received the following doses of (‐)‐OSU6162: 15 mg b.i.d. during the first 4‐week period, up to 30 mg b.i.d. during the second 4‐week period and up to 45 mg b.i.d. during the third 4‐week period, with follow‐up visits after 16 and 20 weeks.ResultsOut of 33 included patients, 28 completed the 12 weeks treatment period. (‐)‐OSU6162 was well tolerated; only one patient discontinued due to an adverse event. Vital signs and physical examinations showed no abnormal changes. Blood analyses showed an increase in serum prolactin. Therapeutically, improvements were seen on the Clinical Global Impression of Change scale, the FibroFatigue scale, the Mental Fatigue Scale, the Fatigue Severity Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire.Conclusions(‐)‐OSU6162 is well tolerated in ME/CFS patients and shows promise as a novel treatment to mitigate fatigue and improve mood and health‐related quality of life in ME/CFS. Obviously, the present results need to be confirmed in future placebo‐controlled double‐blind trials.
Representative account or greenwashing? Voluntary sustainability reports in Australia's mining/metals and financial services industries
Authors: Zharfpeykan Ramona 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWhy are more and more companies voluntarily issuing costly, potentially exposing standalone sustainability reports on environmentally and socially problematic issues? Using legitimacy theory, this study analyses ways companies seek to strategically enhance legitimacy by leaning towards either ‘representative’ reporting of both favourable and unfavourable information especially in an industry's highest impact domains, or ‘greenwashing’ (including whitewashing non‐environmental issues), which downplays unfavourables and high‐impact domains and highlights favourable but less relevant points. Content analysis compared Global Reporting Initiatives (GRI) reports from 2011 to 2019 by Australian financial services companies (107 reports) and mining and metals companies (122). Specifically, to critique reporting quality in fine grain, it disaggregated results into levels (from omission to full quantitative treatment) of disclosure of good/bad/neutral news indicators and violation‐related/non‐violation‐related ones and identified highest impact domains. Neither industry's reporting was very representative. Relatively though, mining and metals leant towards representation: fuller disclosure on environmental aspects (its highest impact domain), including unfavourables: bad and violation‐related indicators. Financial services companies only led in disclosing neutral social indicators, not bad or violation‐related ones, so leant towards greenwashing. Results also suggest that after the GRI clarifying materiality principle in 2016, financial services disclosure quality dropped further by de‐emphasising environmental without lifting social disclosures, while mining and metals' stayed unchanged. The results confirm and better specify widely indicated reporting weaknesses, contributing to content analysis methodology and legitimacy theory. This arms guideline setters, investors and other stakeholders to better evaluate/design reports and might encourage firms to voluntarily improve disclosures.
Plasma metabolomic profile associated with fatigue in cancer patients
Authors: Feng Li Rebekah , Barb Jennifer J. , Regan Jeniece , Saligan Leorey N. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundMetabolomics is the newest ‐omics methodology and allows for a functional snapshot of the biochemical activity and cellular state. The goal of this study is to characterize metabolomic profiles associated with cancer‐related fatigue, a debilitating symptom commonly reported by oncology patients.MethodsUntargeted ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry metabolomics approach was used to identify metabolites in plasma samples collected from a total of 197 participants with or without cancer. Partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) was used to identify discriminant metabolite features, and diagnostic performance of selected classifiers was quantified using area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) curve analysis. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolic pathway database.FindingsThe global metabolomics approach yielded a total of 1120 compounds of known identity. Significant metabolic pathways unique to fatigued cancer versus control groups included sphingolipid metabolism, histidine metabolism, and cysteine and methionine metabolism. Significant pathways unique to non‐fatigued cancer versus control groups included inositol phosphate metabolism, primary bile acid biosynthesis, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, and pentose and glucuronate interconversions. Pathways shared between the two comparisons included caffeine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, sulfur metabolism, and phenylalanine metabolism.ConclusionsWe found significant metabolomic profile differences associated with cancer‐related fatigue. By comparing metabolic signatures unique to fatigued cancer patients with metabolites associated with, but not unique to, fatigued cancer individuals (overlap pathways) and metabolites associated with cancer but not fatigue, we provided a broad view of the metabolic phenotype of cancer‐related fatigue.
Gingival Sculpting: A Simple Gingival Depigmentation Technique Using Bur Abrasion and Scalpel Combined – A Case Report
Authors: Kawar Nadia I. , Alrayyes Sahar M. , Khuzam Maher , Haddad Jacob R. , Tilwani Sunny K. 
Published: February 2021

IntroductionDentofacial esthetics demands have increased tremendously in the past decade. Psychological impact of unsatisfactory esthetic appearance can manifest in decreased sense of self‐esteem and can negatively affect social and professional interactions. Esthetic awareness of dental patients has extended to include requests of gingival color modification. Gingival pigmentation can be physiological due to ethnic pigmentation or can be a result of various pathological processes. Different surgical modalities, tools and materials have been used in management of gingival pigmentation. This case report is introducing a simple, cost effective, minimally invasive technique of gingival sculpting for the purpose of significantly reducing gingival pigmentation.Case PresentationA healthy 32‐year‐old male patient presented with a chief complaint of gingival pigmentation that is causing him distress and low self‐esteem. Gingival sculpting technique was used. This simple technique uses a combination of two methods, bur abrasion and scalpel blade with copious irrigation. The procedure resulted in minimal intra and postoperative complications and excellent esthetic results achieved instantly and maintained at 3 months postoperatively. High patient esthetic satisfaction was achieved.ConclusionGingival sculpting is minimally invasive procedure that can be performed at any dental office. It renders excellent esthetic results using minimal chair time and down time for the patient. It is well tolerated by the patient with minimal bleeding, postoperative pain, and rapid healing time. Long‐term follow‐up is needed to ensure stability and lack of recurrence.
Modified wire atrial septostomy with a reverse transseptal puncture in an infant: Case report
Authors: Nagatomo Yusaku , Nagata Hazumu , Yamamura Kenichiro , Ohga Shouichi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe report a modified technique of wire atrial septostomy (WAS) with a reverse transseptal puncture (TSP) in an infant case of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum. A radiofrequency (RF) wire was advanced to the septum through a 4 Fr pigtail catheter hooked on the left side of atrial septum and RF energy was applied while advancing the wire across the septum. Following that reverse TSP, WAS was performed to cut the septal tissue using a 0.010 microwire and RF wire. The atrial septum defect (ASD) was enlarged to a size of 15 mm. WAS with a reverse TSP could be a useful and safe method to enlarge ASD in infants with congenital heart diseases.
Case Report of a 23‐year‐old first gravida presenting with breathlessness and oxygen saturation of 80%
Authors: Porsche Raphael , Höhn René , Krüger Kirsten , Kalbhenn Johannes , Bansbach Joachim 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCentral principles are interdisciplinary teamwork and keeping the ratio between pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) balanced to avoid vicious circle with right heart failure and hypoxia.
A case of antisynthetase syndrome with chilblains‐like lesions and microangiopathy
Authors: Abrassart Tom , Roland Thomas , Laurent France , Rossi Camelia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe present the case of a 50‐year‐old woman with febrile myalgia, chilblains‐like lesions, and cough. Antinuclear antibodies and anti‐PL‐12 antisynthetase autoantibodies were found in complementary examinations. Interstitial lung disease was found on chest computed tomography. Nailfold capillaroscopy showed microangiopathic lesions.Antisynthetase syndrome is a recently described entity in inflammatory myopathies, with specific clinical criteria. Interstitial lung disease is very common, especially in anti‐PL‐12 associated antisynthetase syndrome. Raynaud's phenomenon is another well‐defined criterion. However, microangiopathic damage is probably underestimated and the role of nailfold capillaroscopy in the diagnosis has not been established yet.
A rare noncancerous but life‐threatening tumor in urinary bladder
Authors: Wang Chien‐Sheng , Guu Shiao‐Jin , Wang Chii‐Jye , Yang Sheau‐Fang , Ke Hung‐Lung , Lee Yung‐Chin , Jhan Jhen‐Hao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIMT is a rare but sometimes life‐threatening tumor. Although presenting with muscle invasion, local surgical resection with TURBT and close follow‐up are adequate with bladder function and life quality preservation compared to partial cystectomy.
Atypical solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas in a 14‐year‐old
Authors: Meriam Sabbah , Ines Briki , Fatma Ben Farhat , Fatma Khanchel , Dhafer Haddad , Imen Helal , Nawel Bellil , Chiraz Chammakhi , Dalila Gargouri 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDiagnostic approach can be difficult in pediatric pancreatic masses. Our case shows that even though radiologic appearance was not conclusive, surgery remains the main treatment in resectable masses especially in children.
Metallic Ag Confined on SnO2 Surface for Soot Combustion: the Influence of Ag Distribution and Dispersion on the Reactivity
Authors: Feng Xiaohui , Zhang Shijing , Wang Fumin , Ma Jun , Xu Xianglan , Lai Qiang , Xu Junwei , Fang Xiuzhong , Wang Xiang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractTo unravel the surface confinement effect of SnO2 for Ag, and find an effective way to design practical soot combustion catalysts, an XRD extrapolation method has been adopted for the first time to analyze the distribution and dispersion of metallic Ag on SnO2 surface. Ag addition can generate more surface oxygen vacancies on SnO2, thus forming richer amount of surface O2− and O22− anions. However, the amount of soot reactive oxygen sites is significantly influenced by the distribution of Ag. It is quantified that 1.86 mmol Ag/100 m2 SnO2 surface, which is equal to 5.2 wt% loading, is a threshold value for Ag distribution. Below the threshold, Ag is nearly in amorphous state, and has strong interaction with the SnO2 support, thus producing more soot reactive surface oxygen sites. Furthermore, the redox property of SnO2 lattice oxygen is enhanced by Ag addition. Therefore, metallic Ag in nearly amorphous state plays a critical role for the reaction. Ag crystallites formed on the surface above the threshold have negative influence on the activity. The best Ag/SnO2 catalyst can be fabricated by loading the threshold amount of Ag over SnO2 surface to get the maximum quantity of amorphous Ag species.
Selection of State Equation and Innovative Process Design for Removing CO2 by Azeotropic Distillation
Authors: Wang Haiqin , Wang Ce , Zhang Zubin , Fan Minglong , Yan Xiaodong , Li Fengqi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA thermodynamic consistency test was performed on the gas‐liquid equilibrium data of three binary mixtures, namely, CH4‐C2H6, CH4‐CO2, and C2H6‐CO2, measured by Wei and Brown at three different temperatures to verify the reliability of the data. Peng‐Robinson (PR), Redlich‐Kwong (RK), and Soave‐Redlich‐Kwong (SRK) equations of state combined with Margles mixing rules were used to fit the gas‐liquid equilibrium data of these three models. The results indicate that the PR‐Margles mixed model can make the average absolute deviation of test data and calculated data pressure and vapor fraction less than 0.19 and 0.0025, respectively, which is superior to RK‐Margles and SRK‐Margles mixed models. Finally, an azeotropic distillation method with C2H6 as entrainer for removing CO2 from natural gas was explored and optimized.
Production of High‐Purity Hydrogen and Layered Doubled Hydroxide by Hydrolysis of Mg‐Al Alloys
Authors: Zheng Tong , Zhang Jingqi , Tang Yang , Wan Pingyu , Yuan Qipeng , Hu Hanjun , Coulon Frederic , Hu Qing , Yang Xiao Jin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHydrogen is becoming an important clean energy and layered doubled hydroxide (LDH) is of great interest for many applications, including water treatment, environmental remediation, and chemical catalysis. The production of high‐purity hydrogen and LDH by the hydrolysis of Mg‐Al alloys is reported. The effects of initial pH, reaction temperature, reaction time, and alloy's Mg/Al mass ratio on the rate of hydrogen generation and the purity of LDH are evaluated and the solid hydrolysis products are characterized by different techniques. The initial rate of hydrogen generation increases with decreasing initial pH and increasing reaction temperature and Mg/Al ratio while the purity of LDH increases with Mg/Al ratio, reaction temperature and time. This study may provide a new, green, and sustainable approach for storage of hydrogen and material for water treatment.
Preparation of Highly Pyrrolic‐Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Aerogels for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zhang Meng , Lu Chunxiang , Bi Zhihong , Xu Xiaolu , Ren Xiaodan , Li Xinzhi , Lu Kuan , Yuan Shuxia 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA cellulose‐based, highly pyrrolic‐nitrogen‐doped carbon aerogel (PNCA) was successfully prepared by using a facile and ecofriendly in situ dissolution process; the resulting aerogel had a honeycomb‐like three‐dimensional structure and a highly pyrrole‐nitrogen‐doped configuration. As the host material of the cathode in lithium‐sulfur batteries, PNCA achieved a high sulfur loading up to 76.7 %, owing to the distribution of pyrrole nitrogen and the three‐dimensional network structure. As a consequence, this composite cathode exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance, including long‐term cycling stability (1292.8 mA h g−1 at 0.2 C over 500 cycles and 540.5 mA h g−1 at 1 C over 1000cycles) and excellent rate performance (1249.9 mA h g−1 at 0.2 C, 1060 mA h g−1 at 0.5 C, 936.3 mA h g−1 at 1 C, and 698 mA h g−1 at 3 C remained). This study aims at providing new insights for the synthesis of highly reactive nitrogen‐doped carbon materials and then further proposing a future viewpoint on the design and development of advanced host materials for lithium‐sulfur batteries. Furthermore, the key mechanism of the pyrrole‐doped nitrogen configuration in the catalytic conversion of polysulfides was revealed for the first time after being combined with DFT theoretical calculations.
Ultrafast Dynamics and Photoresponse of a Fungi‐Derived Pigment Xylindein from Solution to Thin Films
Authors: Krueger Taylor D. , Giesbers Gregory , Van Court Ray C. , Zhu Liangdong , Kim Ryan , Beaudry Christopher M. , Robinson Seri C. , Ostroverkhova Oksana , Fang Chong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOrganic semiconductor materials have recently gained momentum due to their non‐toxicity, low cost, and sustainability. Xylindein is a remarkably photostable pigment secreted by fungi that grow on decaying wood, and its relatively strong electronic performance is enabled by π–π stacking and hydrogen‐bonding network that promote charge transport. Herein, femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy with a near‐IR probe was used to unveil a rapid excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer reaction. Conformational motions potentially lead to a conical intersection that quenches fluorescence in the monomeric state. In concentrated solutions, nascent aggregates exhibit a faster excited state lifetime due to excimer formation, confirmed by the excimer→charge‐transfer excited‐state absorption band of the xylindein thin film, thus limiting its optoelectronic performance. Therefore, extending the xylindein sidechains with branched alkyl groups may hinder the excimer formation and improve optoelectronic properties of naturally derived materials.
Zinc Oxide Defect Microstructure and Surface Chemistry Derived from Oxidation of Metallic Zinc. Thin Film Transistor and Sensoric Behaviour of ZnO Films and Rods
Authors: Hoffmann Rudolf C. , Sanctis Shawn , Liedke Maciej O. , Butterling Maik , Wagner Andreas , Njel Christian , Schneider Jörg J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is Jörg J. Schneider and co‐workers at Technical University Darmstadt, Helmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf and KIT Karlsruhe. The image depicts the application of high energy generated electron/positron couples which are able to detect defects sites in semiconducting zinc oxide thin films. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202004270.
The Missing Parent Compound [(C5H5)Fe(η5‐P5)]: Synthesis, Characterization, Coordination Behavior and Encapsulation
Authors: Heinl Claudia , Peresypkina Eugenia , Balázs Gábor , Mädl Eric , Virovets Alexander V. , Scheer Manfred 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe so far missing parent compound of the large family of pentaphosphaferrocenes [CpFe(η5‐P5)] (1 b) was synthesized by the thermolysis of [CpFe(CO)2]2 with P4 using the very high‐boiling solvent diisopropylbenzene. It was comprehensively characterized by, inter alia, NMR spectroscopy, single crystal X‐ray structure analysis, cyclic voltammetry and DFT computations. Moreover, its coordination behavior towards CuI halides was explored, revealing the unprecedented 2D polymeric networks [{CpFe(η5:1:1:1:1‐P5)}Cu2(μ‐X)2]n (2 a: X=Cl, 2 b: X=Br) and [{CpFe(η5:1:1‐P5)}Cu(μ‐I)]n (3) and even the first cyclo‐P5‐containing 3D coordination polymer [{CpFe(η5:1:1‐P5)}Cu(μ‐I)]n (4). The sandwich complex 1 b can also be incorporated in nano‐sized supramolecules based on [Cp*Fe(η5‐P5)] (1 a) and CuX (X=Cl, Br, I): [CpFe(η5‐P5)]@[{Cp*Fe(η5‐P5)}12(CuX)20‐n] (5 a: X=Cl, n=2.4; 5 b: X=Br, n=2.4; 5 c: X=I, n=0.95). Thereby, the formation of the CuI‐containing fullerene‐like sphere 5 c is found for the first time.
Hierarchical Spin‐Crossover Cooperativity in Hybrid 1D Chains of FeII‐1,2,4‐Triazole Trimers Linked by [Au(CN)2]− Bridges
Authors: Ezzedinloo Lida , Zenere Katrina A. , Xie Zixi , Ahmed Manan , Scottwell SynØve , Bhadbhade Mohan , Brand Helen E. A. , Clegg Jack K. , Hua Carol , Sciortino Natasha F. , Parker Lachlan C. , Powell Benjamin J. , Kepert Cameron J. , Neville Suzanne M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractForemost, practical applications of spin‐crossover (SCO) materials require control of the nature of the spin‐state coupling. In existing SCO materials, there is a single, well‐defined dimensionality relevant to the switching behavior. A new material, consisting of 1,2,4‐triazole‐based trimers coordinated into 1D chains by [Au(CN)2]− and spaced by anions and exchangeable guests, underwent SCO defined by elastic coupling across multiple dimensional hierarchies. Detailed structural, vibrational, and theoretical studies conclusively confirmed that intra‐trimer coupling was an order of magnitude greater than the intramolecular coupling, which was an order of magnitude greater than intermolecular coupling. As such, a clear hierarchy on the nature of elastic coupling in SCO materials was ascertained for the first time, which is a necessary step for the technological development of molecular switching materials.
Renewable Hydrogen: Modular Concepts from Production over Storage to the Consumer
Authors: Trattner Alexander , Höglinger Martin , Macherhammer Marie‐Gabrielle , Sartory Markus 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA simulation tool called HYDRA to optimize individual hydrogen infrastructure layouts is presented. The different electrolyzer technologies, namely proton exchange membrane electrolysis, anion exchange membrane electrolysis, alkaline electrolysis, and solid oxide electrolysis, as well as hydrogen storage possibilities are described in more detail and evaluated. To illustrate the application opportunities of HYDRA, three project examples are discussed. The examples include central and decentral applications while taking the usage of hydrogen into account.
Experimentelle Escape Box
Authors: Strippel Christian Georg , Philipp Schröder Thomas , Sommer Katrin 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungEscape Rooms erfreuen sich wachsender Beliebtheit. Der Einsatz der Escape Box ermöglicht die Übertragung des Spielprinzips auf elektrochemische Experimente rund um galvanische Elemente im Chemieunterricht und die Bearbeitung der Box an sich im fächerverbindenden (Projekt‐)Unterricht. In der Escape Box werden über einen Microcontroller ein einfaches Voltmeter, ein LCD und ein Servo verbunden und über ein Programm angesteuert. Dieser Mechanismus ermöglicht ein spannungsinduziertes Öffnen und Schließen der Box. Die Spannung kann über verschiedene galvanische Elemente erzeugt werden. Alle Teile der Box sind so ausgelegt, dass die mechanische, elektrotechnische und chemische Funktionsweise transparent und nachvollziehbar ist. So ermöglicht ihr Einsatz eine produktorientierte Verbindung von Chemie, Technik und Informatik.