bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The epidemic volatility index, a novel early warning tool for identifying new waves in an epidemic
Authors: Kostoulas Polychronis , Meletis Eletherios , Pateras Konstantinos , Eusebi Paolo , Kostoulas Theodoros , Furuya-Kanamori Luis , Speybroeck Niko , Denwood Matthew , Doi Suhail A. R. , Althaus Christian L. , Kirkeby Carsten , Rohani Pejman , Dhand Navneet K. , Peñalvo José L. , Thabane Lehana , BenMiled Slimane , Sharifi Hamid , Walter Stephen D. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEarly warning tools are crucial for the timely application of intervention strategies and the mitigation of the adverse health, social and economic effects associated with outbreaks of epidemic potential such as COVID-19. This paper introduces, the Epidemic Volatility Index (EVI), a new, conceptually simple, early warning tool for oncoming epidemic waves. EVI is based on the volatility of newly reported cases per unit of time, ideally per day, and issues an early warning when the volatility change rate exceeds a threshold. Data on the daily confirmed cases of COVID-19 are used to demonstrate the use of EVI. Results from the COVID-19 epidemic in Italy and New York State are presented here, based on the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19, from January 22, 2020, until April 13, 2021. Live daily updated predictions for all world countries and each of the United States of America are publicly available online. For Italy, the overall sensitivity for EVI was 0.82 (95% Confidence Intervals: 0.75; 0.89) and the specificity was 0.91 (0.88; 0.94). For New York, the corresponding values were 0.55 (0.47; 0.64) and 0.88 (0.84; 0.91). Consecutive issuance of early warnings is a strong indicator of main epidemic waves in any country or state. EVI’s application to data from the current COVID-19 pandemic revealed a consistent and stable performance in terms of detecting new waves. The application of EVI to other epidemics and syndromic surveillance tasks in combination with existing early warning systems will enhance our ability to act swiftly and thereby enhance containment of outbreaks.
Study of EEG characteristics while solving scientific problems with different mental effort
Authors: Zhu Yanmei , Wang Qian , Zhang Li 
Published: December 2021

AbstractStudying the mental effort in problem-solving is important to the understanding of how the brain allocates cognitive resources to process information. The electroencephalogram is a promising physiological approach to assessing the online mental effort. In this study, we investigate the EEG indicators of mental effort while solving scientific problems. By manipulating the complexity of the scientific problem, the level of mental effort also changes. With the increase of mental effort, theta synchronization in the frontal region and lower alpha desynchronization in the parietal and occipital regions significantly increase. Also, upper alpha desynchronization demonstrates a widespread enhancement across the whole brain. According to the functional topography of brain activity in the theta and alpha frequency, our results suggest that the mental effort while solving scientific problems is related to working memory, visuospatial processing, semantic processing and magnitude manipulation. This study suggests the reliability of EEG to evaluate the mental effort in an educational context and provides valuable insights into improving the problem-solving abilities of students in educational practice.
Decrypting a cryptic allosteric pocket in H. pylori glutamate racemase
Authors: Chheda Pratik Rajesh , Cooling Grant T. , Dean Sondra F. , Propp Jonah , Hobbs Kathryn F. , Spies M. Ashley 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOne of our greatest challenges in drug design is targeting cryptic allosteric pockets in enzyme targets. Drug leads that do bind to these cryptic pockets are often discovered during HTS campaigns, and the mechanisms of action are rarely understood. Nevertheless, it is often the case that the allosteric pocket provides the best option for drug development against a given target. In the current studies we present a successful way forward in rationally exploiting the cryptic allosteric pocket ofH. pyloriglutamate racemase, an essential enzyme in this pathogen’s life cycle. A wide range of computational and experimental methods are employed in a workflow leading to the discovery of a series of natural product allosteric inhibitors which occupy the allosteric pocket of this essential racemase. The confluence of these studies reveals a fascinating source of the allosteric inhibition, which centers on the abolition of essential monomer-monomer coupled motion networks.
Interdisciplinary researchers attain better long-term funding performance
Authors: Sun Ye , Livan Giacomo , Ma Athen , Latora Vito 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInterdisciplinary research is on the rise globally. Yet, several studies have shown that it often achieves lower impact compared to more specialized work, and is less likely to attract funding. Here, we seek to reconcile such evidence by analyzing 44,419 research grants awarded by the research councils in the UK. We find that researchers with an interdisciplinary funding track record dominate the network of academic collaborations, both in terms of centrality and knowledge brokerage, but such a competitive advantage does not translate into immediate return. Our results based on a matched pair analysis show that interdisciplinary researchers achieve lower impact with their publications in the short run; however, they eventually outperform their specialized counterparts in funding performance, both in terms of volume and value. These findings suggest that pursuing an interdisciplinary career may require perseverance to overcome extra challenges, but can pave the way for a more successful endeavor.
Europium doping of cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dots via rapid microwave synthesis for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Thomas Donovan , Lee Harold O. , Santiago Kevin C. , Pelzer Marvin , Kuti Ayodeji , Treadwell LaRico J. , Bahoura Messaoud 
Published: December 2021

UV-Vis spectroscopy and PL data show that structural incorporation of Eu3+ has an effect on the optical properties of CdSe QDs via energy transfer from host to dopant. This allows for QDs with tunable optical properties via numerous pathways.
Effectiveness of Interventions for Dysphagia in Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gandhi Pooja , Steele Catriona M. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
Dysphagia is a common sequela of Parkinson disease (PD) and is associated with malnutrition, aspiration pneumonia, and mortality. This review article synthesized evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions for dysphagia in PD.

Method:
Electronic searches were conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, and speechBITE. Of the 2,015 articles identified, 26 met eligibility criteria: interventional or observational studies with at least five or more participants evaluating dysphagia interventions in adults with PD-related dysphagia, with outcomes measured using videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS), fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES), or electromyography (EMG). Risk of bias (RoB) was evaluated using the Evidence Project tool and predetermined criteria regarding the rigor of swallowing outcome measures.

Results:

Interventions were classified as follows: pharmacological (
n
= 11), neurostimulation (
n
= 8), and behavioral (
n
= 7). Primary outcome measures varied across studies, including swallowing timing, safety, and efficiency, and were measured using VFSS (
n
= 17), FEES (
n
= 6), and EMG (
n
= 4). Critical appraisal of study findings for RoB, methodological rigor, and transparency showed the majority of studies failed to adequately describe contrast media used, signal acquisition settings, and rater blinding to time point. Low certainty evidence generally suggested improved swallow timing with exercises with biofeedback and deep brain stimulation (DBS), improved safety with DBS and expiratory muscle strength training, and improved efficiency with the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment and levodopa.

Conclusions:
Studies with lower RoB and greater experimental rigor showed potential benefit in improving swallowing efficiency but not safety. Further research investigating discrete changes in swallowing pathophysiology post-intervention is warranted to guide dysphagia management in PD.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.17132162
Evaluation and Treatment of Post-Extubation Dysphagia: The Importance of the Speech Pathologist in the Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Marvin Stevie 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
Post-extubation dysphagia is associated with negative health outcomes including pneumonia, prolonged hospital stay, in-hospital mortality, and inability to discharge home. The purpose of this review article is to summarize published research on screening, evaluating, and treating post-extubation dysphagia.

Method:
Review of published literature on post-extubation dysphagia to shape best practice guidelines for speech pathologists.

Results:
Current research on post-extubation dysphagia focuses heavily on screening and evaluation. There are limited data on targeted treatment methods for post-extubation dysphagia.

Conclusions:
Speech pathologists play a critical role in helping patients safely return to oral alimentation following prolonged endotracheal intubation. Speech pathologists should use the available research to shape best practice guidelines within their facility for who, when, and how to evaluate for dysphagia following extubation.
Supporting Peer Interactions for Students With Complex Communication Needs in Inclusive Settings: Paraeducator Roles
Authors: McCarty Tara V. , Light Janice C. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
This clinical focus article presents a review of literature supporting the importance of fostering positive peer interactions for students with complex communication needs (CCN). A resulting template is included to help guide educational teams, including speech-language pathologists (SLPs), in planning for paraeducator training specific to supporting peer interactions for children with CCN. This clinical focus article summarizes the current literature available on inclusion and peer relationships for students with CCN in general education classrooms and paraeducator roles and training. The World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth framework was consulted to help establish considerations relevant to paraeducator training. With many demands on the time of SLPs throughout the school day, paraeducators may offer an often untapped resource to help support positive peer relationships for students with CCN.

Conclusions:
This clinical focus article provides an overview of challenges that may impede positive peer relationships from developing in inclusive classroom settings, including ones related to (a) the student with CCN, (b) the peers, (c) the augmentative and alternative communication systems, or (d) the environment. The readers will be provided with a template to guide educational teams and SLPs in collaborating with paraeducators to foster positive peer interactions, including the following steps: (1) define goals for the student with CCN and determine supports required from paraeducators, (2) determine content of training for paraeducators, (3) choose an effective instructional approach, (4) establish a feasible training format, and (5) implement the paraeducator training and evaluate outcomes to ensure benefits for students with CCN and their peers.
Faulted‐phase identification scheme for series‐compensated transmission lines during the power swing
Authors: Musa Mohammed Hussien Hassan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo perform a fast faulted‐phase selection under the power swing in a series compensated line with a thyristor‐controlled series capacitor (TCSC) is an extreme challenge facing the transmission line protection schemes. Thus, this paper proposes a new scheme for recognizing the faulted‐phase in TCSC‐compensated transmission lines during the power swing. Primarily, the fault feature is extracted by using a modified Interclass correlation coefficient. The scheme utilizes the system‐current samples during the fault period and system‐current samples during the health state as two variables for obtaining the modified interclass correlation coefficient. Then a cumulative approach is used to enlarge the fault feature. The proposed scheme has been subjected to a wide variety of tests through different faults circumstances under different compensation levels. The experimental results have shown good performance against the high impedance/resistance fault under different TCSC‐compensation levels during the power swing. Also, the results showed a distinction in terms of time response due to its simple computation process.
Hassalstrongylus dollfusi (Nematoda, Heligmonellidae): rediscovery in native South American rodents, six decades after its description
Authors: Serrano Paula Carolina , Digiani María Celina , Gómez-Muñoz María de los Angeles , Notarnicola Juliana , Robles María del Rosario , Navone Graciela Teresa 
Published: December 2021

Hassalstrongylus dollfusi (Díaz-Ungría, 1963) Durette-Desset, 1971 was described in a wild house mouse, Mus musculus, from Venezuela and, since then, has never been reported again in the type host or in any other host. In this work, specimens assignable to H. dollfusi were found at 10 localities in Northeast Argentina, in five species of sigmodontine rodents. The nematodes were attributed to H. dollfusi based on diagnostic characters such as: synlophe with 22–31 subequal ridges; in males, hypertrophy of right ray 4 of the male bursa, thickening of the dorsal ray and bases of rays 8, distal tip of the spicules bent and spoon shaped; and, in females, presence of subventral postvulvar alae supported by hypertrophied struts. The new host recorded are: Oligoryzomys fornesi, O. flavescens, O. nigripes, Holochilus chacarius and Akodon azarae. The parasite showed a strong preference for host species of Oligoryzomys, which appear to act as primary hosts. The parasite could be present, parasitizing different species of Oligoryzomys, in a geographic area from the type locality in Venezuela southward to north Corrientes in Argentina. It has not been reported from populations of Oligoryzomys spp. of the Argentinean and Brazilian Atlantic Forest, nor south of 28° S, which may be explained by constraints in the environmental conditions required by the free-living stages of the parasite. This study provides the first identification and redescription of H. dollfusi in southern South America, from autochthonous hosts, six decades after its description.
Doing well by doing good with the performance of United Nations Global Compact Climate Change Champions
Authors: Msiska Moses , Ng Alex , Kimmel Randall K. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAre Climate Change Champions favorable to investors? This is the first study of portfolio performance of a fourth generation SRI screening strategy based on United Nations Global Compact firms who are Climate Change Champions. The operational changes made by UNGC firms are real and disproves the notion that UNGC firms are merely green-washing. We find that after firms join UNGC, there is a positive effect on long term portfolio performance. UNGC firms have lower volatility and so less risk than their competitors. We find an apparent mispricing of lower risk in market returns as standard asset pricing models may not be pricing investors’ aversion to climate change risk and preference for firms actively combating climate change. This lends support to Fama and Frenchs’ theory that says that these “tastes” are valid factors to provide a more complete asset pricing model. Our study encourages investment in UNGC-CCC firms as we find there is no underperformance penalty against a conventional portfolio because the lower return reflects lower risk. Thus, our evidence suggests that “doing good for society is also good for business.”
Reduced order model approach for imaging with waves
Authors: Borcea Liliana , Garnier Josselin , Mamonov Alexander V , Zimmerling Jörn 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We introduce a novel, computationally inexpensive approach for imaging with an active array of sensors, which probe an unknown medium with a pulse and measure the resulting waves. The imaging function is based on the principle of time reversal in non-attenuating media and uses a data driven estimate of the ‘internal wave’ originating from the vicinity of the imaging point and propagating to the sensors through the unknown medium. We explain how this estimate can be obtained using a reduced order model (ROM) for the wave propagation. We analyze the imaging function, connect it to the time reversal process and describe how its resolution depends on the aperture of the array, the bandwidth of the probing pulse and the medium through which the waves propagate. We also show how the internal wave can be used for selective focusing of waves at points in the imaging region. This can be implemented experimentally and can be used for pixel scanning imaging. We assess the performance of the imaging methods with numerical simulations and compare them to the conventional reverse-time migration method and the ‘backprojection’ method introduced recently as an application of the same ROM.
Opening the reheating box in multifield inflation
Authors: Martin Jérôme , Pinol Lucas 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The robustness of multi-field inflation to the physics of reheating is investigated. In order to carry out this study, reheating is described in detail by means of a formalism which tracks the evolution of scalar fields and perfect fluids in interaction (the inflatons and their decay products). This framework is then used to establish the general equations of motion of the background and perturbative quantities controlling the evolution of the system during reheating. Next, these equations are solved exactly by means of a new numerical code.
Moreover, new analytical techniques, allowing us to interpret and approximate these solutions, are developed. As an illustration of a physical prediction that could be affected by the micro-physics of reheating, the amplitude of non-adiabatic perturbations in double inflation is considered. It is found that ignoring the fine-structure of reheating, as usually done in the standard approach, can lead to differences as big as ∼ 50%, while our semi-analytic estimates can reduce this error to ∼ 10%. We conclude that, in multi-field inflation, tracking the perturbations through the details of the reheating process is important and, to achieve good precision, requires the use of numerical calculations.
Magnetically propelled Carreau fluid flow over penetrable sensor surface influenced by thermal radiation, Joule heating and heat generation
Authors: Gireesha B J , Nagaraja B , Srikantha N , Rudraswamy N G , Felicita A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This examination emphasizes the analysis of thermal transmission of Carreau fluid flow on a permeable sensor surface equipped with radiation, Joule heating, an internal heat source, and a magnetic field. With the above effects and assumptions, the equations that administer the flow are formulated. A configured system of equations is productively reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations. The reduced system is then dealt with using the Runge–Kutta-Fehlberg fourth–fifth order tool equipped by the shooting technique. Derived numerical solutions are utilized to plot graphs and tables. The conclusion of the study outlines some important findings such as the power law index, the thermal radiation parameter and the heat source parameter enhance the thermal panel whereas the Weissenberg number deescalates the same. The power law index and permeable velocity decrease the velocity panel significantly. Diagrammatic representation of streamlines of the flow has been given to strengthen the study. A detailed description has been produced about the results obtained in the study.
Intelligent OPC Building Information Management System Based on IoT
Authors: Wang Jing , Tao Quanzhou , An Yuqian , Lu Jiaxin , Gu Xuanting , Wang Chunyan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, computers and Internet of Things technologies, building intelligence is becoming more and more popular. However, as the various functional subsystems and equipment of intelligent buildings are connected to each other, the traditional management system needs to monitor and modulate more and more programs, which will have a great impact on the interoperability of the subsystems. Therefore, a more complete and powerful management system is needed. OPC provides a unified standard that can effectively solve this problem. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to design an intelligent OPC building information management system based on the Internet of Things. This article first summarizes the development history and status quo of OPC technology, and then extends the design principles of building information management system based on OPC. Based on its design principles, a detailed analysis of the various subsystems of the building information management system, such as fire protection, intrusion prevention, monitoring, access control, and central air conditioning, is carried out. This article systematically explained the application of PID in the building information management system. And use comparative analysis method, observation method and other research forms to conduct experimental research on the intelligent OPC building information management system based on computer Internet of things. The research shows that compared with the traditional building management system, the intelligent OPC-based building management system researched in this paper can transmit information faster and have higher accuracy.
Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Decision-Making of Mechanical Manufacturing Process
Authors: Li Zhanfeng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The traditional mechanical manufacturing process is to transform all raw materials into the final materials and products and directly into the international market all the production process, in this process we involved a lot of problems about decision-making methods, decision-making process is a most basic production technology activity, it is widely exists in the whole social life and each link of enterprise production. This paper studies the decision-making method of mechanical manufacturing process based on artificial intelligence, optimizes the process parameters of plastic integrated mechanical manufacturing process, and compares it with the traditional decision-making method. Finally, the experimental results are obtained that the traditional decision-based method is reduced by more than 10% in size error. But several experiments, the AI decision-making method appeared deviation, the error results are higher than the traditional decision-making method, which may be objective factors, but also reflects the possibility of instability, in the result of deformation. AI-based decision method performance is higher than the traditional decision-making method, reduce the deformation amount by 3.5%