bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An extrapolation method for polarisability assessments of ion-based optical clocks
Authors: Barrett M D , Arnold K J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We present a numerical method for extrapolating polarisability measurements to dc as sometimes done in the assessment of blackbody radiation shifts for ion-based optical clocks. The method explicitly accounts for the frequency dependence of relevant atomic transitions without introducing an ad hoc modelling function. It incorporates a priori atomic structure calculations, which allows measurements to be augmented by calculations if there is insufficient data to make a purely measurement based estimate. The method also provides indicators of inconsistencies between theory and experiment or inadequacies of the data for making an extrapolation. We apply the method to Al+, Lu+, and Yb+ for the purposes of illustration.
Interaction mechanism of dislocations with Bi/hBN nanoparticles in free-cutting steels: molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Li Guangyuan , Wang Fazhan , Chen Zhanwen , Fan Yuan , Li Pan , Liu Menghui , Jiang Kai 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To further understand the mechanical properties of free-cutting steels, we employed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the interaction mechanisms between dislocation slip along close-packed planes and nano-inclusion particles (Bi/h-BN) within single-crystal iron (Fe). By colliding dislocations at varying slip velocities with nanometer-scale particles of different sizes and compositions, we concluded that particle diameter plays a decisive role not only in determining the dislocation cutting mode but also in influencing the dislocation’s shear stress response. These indicate that: Larger particles significantly enhance the strengthening effect on the matrix. Additionally, higher dislocation slip velocities result in stronger particle interaction feedback and greater particle damage, contributing to increased matrix deformation. h-BN particles, owing to their much higher hardness compared to Bi, exhibited superior resistance to deformation, requiring higher dislocation shear stress to pass these obstacles.
Propagation of the polarized light along an optical fiber via Rodrigues formula and Lorentzian screw motion
Authors: Özdemir Zehra , Perçin Şirin Gonca , Ceyhan Hazal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the propagation of polarized light along an optical fiber with the help of screw motion and Clifford's algebra of hyperbolic split dual quaternion in

R

σ

1

,

σ

2

,

σ

3

1
,
2

. The importance of this study is that hyperbolic screw motion allows to us characterize four types of polarization states of polarized light waves in an optical fiber. These are elliptical polarization ((E)-polarization), circular polarization ((C)-polarization), Lorentzian circular polarization ((LC)-polarization), and linear polarization ((L)-polarization). In addition, we determine the parametric equations of the four types of trajectories drawn by the end-points of the polarization vector while propagating in space that are called elliptical-Rytov curves (E

R
), circular-Rytov curves (C

R
), hyperbolic-Rytov curves (H

R
) and linear-Rytov curves (L

R
). Moreover, we visualize the polarization states and the related Rytov curves via mathematical programs. Furthermore, we use the four Stokes parameters and their matrix formulas to explain polarization states in

R

σ

1

,

σ

2

,

σ

3

1
,
2

.
Two types of Heisenberg supermagnetic models with the cubic constraint
Authors: Guo Jiafeng , Su Huajie , Yan Zhaowen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the construction of two types of generalized Heisenberg supermagnetic models with the constraint S^3=S, including inhomogeneous Heisenberg supermagnet model in (1+1)-dimensional and the $(2+1)$-dimensional Heisenberg supermagnet model. Furthermore, by means of the gauge transformation, we investigate the gauge equivalent counterparts, which are (1+1)-dimensional inhomogeneous nonlinear Schr"odinger equation and (2+1)-dimensional super nonlinear Schr"odinger equation, respectively.
A pure quantum secret sharing scheme based on GHZ basis measurement and quantum entanglement exchange
Authors: Liu Bai , Zhang Jun , Qiu ShuPin , Zhang Mingwu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
At present, most of the Quantum Secret Sharing (QSS) protocols are more or less designed with the incorporation of classical secret sharing schemes. With the increasing maturity of quantum technology, Quantum Secret Sharing (QSS) protocols based on pure quantum mechanics are becoming more important. Classical secret sharing schemes cannot achieve absolute security, and their involvement can compromise the security of QSS protocols.This paper proposes a quantum secret sharing scheme based on GHZ basis measurement and quantum entanglement exchange. In this protocol,the secret sender stores the secret information using Pauli operations. Participants obtain their shares by measuring the product state sequentially. Finally, participants complete the secret reconstruction through quantum entanglement exchange and other related quantum operations. In addition, the particles held by participants in the protocol do not contain any secret information. Each participant’s particles are in a state of maximum entanglement, and no participant can deduce the particle information of other participants through their own particles. At the same time, the protocol is based on pure quantum mechanics and does not involve classical schemes, which avoids the problem of reduced security of the protocol. Security analysis indicates that the protocol is not vulnerable to retransmission interception and collusion attacks. Moreover, it is capable of detecting and terminating the protocol promptly when faced with attacks from dishonest participants.
Dynamics of zebrafish locomotion are independent of spatial size
Authors: Wang Zhen , Gao Jian , Long Yong-shang , Lv Huaping , Wang Qun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Zebrafish are increasingly being utilized as a laboratory animal species to study various biological processes, both normal and pathological. It is crucial to comprehend the dynamics of zebrafish locomotion and put forth realistic models since their locomotion characteristics are employed as feedback indicators in diverse experiments. In this study, we conducted experimental research on the locomotion of zebrafish across various spatial sizes, focusing on the analysis of motion step size and motion direction. The results indicated that the motion step exhibits long-range correlations, the motion direction shows unbiased randomness, and the data characteristics are not influenced by spatial size. The dynamic mechanisms are complicated dynamical processes rather than fractional Brownian or Lévy processes motion. Based on the experimental results, we proposed a model for describing the movement of zebrafish in a circular container. Our findings shed light on the locomotion characteristics of zebrafish, and have the potential to benefit both the biological outcomes of animal tests and the welfare of the subjects.
Electronic structure and coexisting topological states in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases of MnBi2Te4 quantum wires
Authors: Li Jian , Yin Zhu-Cai , Li Qing-Xu , Zhu Jia-Ji 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We theoretically investigate the electronic structure of cylindrical magnetic topological insulator quantum wires in MnBi2Te4. Our study reveals the emergence of topological surface states in the ferromagnetic phase, characterized by spin-polarized subbands resulting from intrinsic magnetization. In the antiferromagnetic phase, we identify the coexistence of three distinct types of topological states, encompassing both surface states and central states.
Improvement of cellular pattern organization and clarity through centrifugal force
Authors: Mehanna Lauren E , Boyd James D , Remus-Williams Shelley , Racca Nicole M , Spraggins Dawson P , Grady Martha E , Berron Brad J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Rapid and strategic cell placement is necessary for high throughput tissue fabrication. Current adhesive cell patterning systems rely on fluidic shear flow to remove cells outside of the patterned regions, but limitations in washing complexity and uniformity prevent adhesive patterns from being widely applied. Centrifugation is commonly used to study the adhesive strength of cells to various substrates; however, the approach has not been applied to selective cell adhesion systems to create highly organized cell patterns. This study shows centrifugation as a promising method to wash cellular patterns after selective binding of cells to the surface has taken place. After patterning H9C2 cells using biotin-streptavidin as a model adhesive patterning system and washing with centrifugation, there is a significant number of cells removed outside of the patterned areas of the substrate compared to the initial seeding, while there is not a significant number removed from the desired patterned areas. This method is effective in patterning multiple size and linear structures from line widths of 50–200 μm without compromising immediate cell viability below 80%. We also test this procedure on a variety of tube-forming cell lines (MPCs, HUVECs) on various tissue-like surface materials (collagen 1 and Matrigel) with no significant differences in their respective tube formation metrics when the cells were seeded directly on their unconjugated surface versus patterned and washed through centrifugation. This result demonstrates that our patterning and centrifugation system can be adapted to a variety of cell types and substrates to create patterns tailored to many biological applications.
Enhancing water purification with light-activated strontium-doped ZnO thin films
Authors: Mokrani Nourelhouda , Temam Elhachmi Guettaf , Ben Temam Hachemi , Barkat Hadjer , Althamthami Mohammed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the ever-evolving landscape of modern science, semiconducting oxides have emerged as indispensable materials, driving innovation across a myriad of fields. Among these, zinc oxide (ZnO) stands out for its versatility in various applications. This study delves into the realm of enhancing ZnO’s thin films through strontium (Sr) doping, employing the SILAR method to achieve this modification while meticulously examining its effects on structural, morphological, and optical properties. Through meticulous analysis, Sr doping has been found to induce significant changes in ZnO’s crystalline structure, retaining the wurtzite phase while reducing crystallite size. Morphological assessments via SEM reveal pronounced alterations, notably mitigating agglomeration and modifying surface characteristics. Optical studies demonstrate a gradual increase in the optical band-gap values of ZnO:Sr thin films with escalating Sr concentrations, implying heightened light absorption capacities. Crucially, practical assessments of photocatalytic performance against organic dyes (methylene blue and rose bangale), conducted under sunlight irradiation across varied pH conditions, unveil substantial enhancements. Particularly noteworthy is the exceptional efficiency of Sr-coupled ZnO thin films in basic pH environments, achieving up to 97.60% degradation of target pollutants. These findings underscore the transformative potential of Sr doping in bolstering the photocatalytic activity of ZnO thin films.
Technical validation of the Zeto wireless, dry electrode EEG system
Authors: Nadasdy Zoltan , Fogarty Adam S , Fisher Robert S , Primiani Christopher T , Graber Kevin D 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective. Clinical adoption of innovative EEG technology is contingent on the non-inferiority of the new devices relative to conventional ones. We present the four key results from testing the signal quality of Zeto’s WR 19 EEG system against a conventional EEG system conducted on patients in a clinical setting. Methods. We performed 30 min simultaneous recordings using the Zeto WR 19 (zEEG) and a conventional clinical EEG system (cEEG) in a cohort of 15 patients. We compared the signal quality between the two EEG systems by computing time domain statistics, waveform correlation, spectral density, signal-to-noise ratio and signal stability. Results. All statistical comparisons resulted in signal quality non-inferior relative to cEEG. (i) Time domain statistics, including the Hjorth parameters, showed equivalence between the two systems, except for a significant reduction of sensitivity to electric noise in zEEG relative to cEEG. (ii) The point-by-point waveform correlation between the two systems was acceptable (r > 0.6; P < 0.001). (iii) Each of the 15 datasets showed a high spectral correlation (r > 0.99; P < 0.001) and overlapping spectral density across all electrode positions, indicating no systematic signal distortion. (iv) The mean signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the zEEG system exceeded that of the cEEG by 4.82 dB, equivalent to a 16% improvement. (v) The signal stability was maintained through the recordings. Conclusion. In terms of signal quality, the zEEG system is non-inferior to conventional clinical EEG systems with respect to all relevant technical parameters that determine EEG readability and interpretability. Zeto’s WR 19 wireless dry electrode system has signal quality in the clinical EEG space at least equivalent to traditional cEEG recordings.
Structural resilience of climate regime in the global conflicts
Authors: Guan Chuanjing , Meng Jialian , Xu Qinyi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The intensification of geopolitical tensions and great power rivalries have disrupted global climate actions. In the era of global conflicts, the effectiveness of current climate regime has been questioned. How to measure the stability of the climate regime under diverse shocks? The article finds that global climate actions have formed an institutional network that involves the basic (state-dominated), central (UNFCCC centered) and extended (non-climate multilateral organization) layers of climate governance. We argue that the measurement towards the resilience of such structure shall be based on the evaluation of the ‘three-layer stability’. As proposed in the article, the three-layer structure in the global climate governance system is more resilient to shocks, presented with the two features of institutional redundancy and structural heterogeneity. Due to structural heterogeneity, shocks have performed differentiated effects across layers that allows certain autonomy to exist within layers. Based on structural redundancy, the extended layer is reinforced by the steady increase in climate reform and institutionalization in international organizations to sustain the system while the central layer is experiencing turbulence in international affairs. The evaluations of climate finance and renewable energy investment data are presented in the article to test the function of three-layered institutional complex that mitigates shocks.&#xD;
Impact of obtaining prescriptions upon discharge on hospital readmissions in a large healthcare system
Authors: Robarts Ethan , McGinnis Brandy , Nguyen Brian , Pan Neil , Ong Emily 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the impact of a discharge pharmacy program on hospital readmission rates among adult patients.

Methods
A multicenter, retrospective cohort study was conducted across 4 hospitals and their partnered discharge pharmacy for the period from July 2022 to July 2023. Adult patients aged 18 years or older who were discharged from an inpatient hospital unit and had their prescriptions sent to an Ascension Seton hospital-based discharge pharmacy before leaving the hospital were compared to those whose prescriptions were sent elsewhere. This comparison was conducted to assess the impact of an integrated healthcare delivery approach. Baseline characteristics, such as the number of discharge medications, index admission diagnoses, and discharge unit, were collected for comparison. The primary endpoint was the rate of 30-day hospital readmission, with secondary endpoints including the readmission rate within 31 to 60 days and reasons for 30-day readmission.

Results
A total of 15,690 patients were included in the study (3,376 in the Ascension Seton hospital-based discharge pharmacy group and 12,314 in the control group). The rate of hospital readmission within 30 days from the index visit was 3.31% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.99% to 3.63%) in the non–Ascension Seton pharmacy group compared to 2.10% (95% CI, 1.62% to 2.58%) in the Ascension Seton pharmacy group. The difference in 30-day hospital readmission rate was statistically significant (P = 0.01), with an absolute difference of 1.21%.

Conclusion
A statistically significant decrease in 30-day hospital readmission rate was seen in the Ascension Seton hospital-based discharge pharmacy group compared to the study group that had their discharge prescriptions sent to a pharmacy other than an Ascension Seton hospital-based discharge pharmacy.
Prospective study on time-to-tertiary care in alcohol-associated hepatitis: space–time coordinates as prognostic tool and therapeutic target
Authors: Skladaný Ľubomír , Žilinčanová Daniela , Kubánek Natália , Selčanová Svetlana Adamcová , Havaj Daniel , Laffers Lukáš , Žilinčan Michal , Islam Alvi H , Arab Juan Pablo , Koller Tomáš 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and aims
Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) frequently triggers acute decompensation (AD) in cirrhosis, with severe AH linked to high short-term mortality, especially in acute-on-chronic liver failure. Current corticosteroid treatments have limited efficacy, highlighting the need for new therapies. We hypothesized that severe AH outcomes are influenced by early specialized care; thus, we examined the impact of time-to-tertiary care (TTTc).

Methods
Adults with cirrhosis or advanced chronic liver disease were enrolled (RH7, NCT04767945). AH was diagnosed using National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism criteria. Primary admission site, TTTc, and adverse outcomes (death or liver transplantation) were analyzed. Patients admitted directly to tertiary care were assigned a TTTc of zero.

Results
Of 221 AD-AH patients, 107 were transferred from secondary care to tertiary care (TTTc &gt;0) and 114 were admitted directly (TTTc = 0). TTTc &gt;0 patients were younger (48.3 vs. 52 years, P = .008) and had more severe disease, as shown by model for end-stage liver disease scores (25.5 vs. 20.8, P &lt; .001) and Maddrey’s discriminant function (59.3 vs. 40.6, P &lt; .001). Propensity-score matching yielded 49 case pairs. The Cox model showed that transfer from secondary care was not associated with increased risk, but delayed transfer (days, hazard ratio = 1.03, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.05) independently predicted adverse outcomes.

Conclusions
Delayed initiation of specialized care adversely impacts outcomes in AD-AH. If validated, timely care bundles could improve AH survival, similar to sepsis or vascular syndromes.

Highlights
AD-AH is a common syndrome associated with high short-term mortality. There is an unmet need for new prognosis-modifying therapies for AH. Currently, in real-life hepatology, refining the existing bundle of care is the only practical option to improve the prognosis of AD-AH. Past experience with acute coronary syndromes, stroke, and sepsis, emphasizing symptoms-to-intervention duration, combined with the recent COVID-19 lockdown finding of increased mortality due to skewed access to specialized liver care indicates that focusing on timely specialized care might be key to improved outcome in certain liver conditions. In this line, we set out to track the number of days elapsing between admission to SC and referral to TC, coining this interval as “time-to-tertiary care” (TTTc). We examined TTTc as a potential compound surrogate that might influence the prognosis in AD-AH. After correcting for important baseline differences, we conclude that the delay of transfer to the tertiary care hospital was independently associated with a worse prognosis with each additional day in TTTc increasing adverse outcomes by nearly 3%.
From inconsistency to coherence: examining the SGCA’s quest for a comprehensive approach to determining pre-award arbitrability
Authors: Bhukya Kanishka 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article critically examines the Singapore Court of Appeal’s (SGCA) innovative ‘composite’ approach to determining pre-award arbitrability, as established in Anupam Mittal v Westbridge Ventures II Investment Holdings [2023]. The SGCA’s two-tiered approach considers both the law governing the arbitration agreement and the law of the seat. While this method attempts to balance party autonomy with public policy considerations, the article identifies several challenges, including conceptual tensions with public policy principles, potential paradoxes in application, and conflicts with established arbitration frameworks. The author proposes a comprehensive reform centred on a ‘Materially Close Connection’ test, to be applied consistently at both pre-award and post-award stages. This proposal includes revising the UNCITRAL Model Law to incorporate this test, aiming to create a more unified and coherent framework for arbitrability determinations in international arbitration. The article argues that this approach would promote consistency, accommodate diverse international disputes, and balance party autonomy with legitimate public policy interests.
The beak shape variation of Neotropical passerines is explained more by body size than diet
Authors: Brodt Michele S C , Cáceres Nilton C 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Beak morphology in birds is often linked to diet. In this study, we aimed to analyse whether diet or other drivers, such as allometry or species relatedness, explain the morphological beak variation of Neotropical passerines and whether there are specific predictors for beak shape variation for the two passerine suborders, Oscines and Suboscines. We analysed beak measurements (length, width, and depth) as response variables and body size, diet, and phylogenetic distance as predictor variables. After controlling for allometry which had major impact on beack shape, beak length and depth exhibited significant differences across diet categories and between suborders. Compared with Oscines, the beak shape of Suboscines is more influenced by species relatedness, probably owing to niche conservatism. Our findings suggest an adaptive convergence between the two passerine suborders in the Neotropics, driven mainly by allometric constraints rather than by the trophic niche.