bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep neural networks using a single neuron: folded-in-time architecture using feedback-modulated delay loops
Authors: Stelzer Florian , Röhm André , Vicente Raul , Fischer Ingo , Yanchuk Serhiy 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDeep neural networks are among the most widely applied machine learning tools showing outstanding performance in a broad range of tasks. We present a method for folding a deep neural network of arbitrary size into a single neuron with multiple time-delayed feedback loops. This single-neuron deep neural network comprises only a single nonlinearity and appropriately adjusted modulations of the feedback signals. The network states emerge in time as a temporal unfolding of the neuron’s dynamics. By adjusting the feedback-modulation within the loops, we adapt the network’s connection weights. These connection weights are determined via a back-propagation algorithm, where both the delay-induced and local network connections must be taken into account. Our approach can fully represent standard Deep Neural Networks (DNN), encompasses sparse DNNs, and extends the DNN concept toward dynamical systems implementations. The new method, which we call Folded-in-time DNN (Fit-DNN), exhibits promising performance in a set of benchmark tasks.
Stable representation of a naturalistic movie emerges from episodic activity with gain variability
Authors: Xia Ji , Marks Tyler D. , Goard Michael J. , Wessel Ralf 
Published: August 2021

AbstractVisual cortical responses are known to be highly variable across trials within an experimental session. However, the long-term stability of visual cortical responses is poorly understood. Here using chronic imaging of V1 in mice we show that neural responses to repeated natural movie clips are unstable across weeks. Individual neuronal responses consist of sparse episodic activity which are stable in time but unstable in gain across weeks. Further, we find that the individual episode, instead of neuron, serves as the basic unit of the week-to-week fluctuation. To investigate how population activity encodes the stimulus, we extract a stable one-dimensional representation of the time in the natural movie, using an unsupervised method. Most week-to-week fluctuation is perpendicular to the stimulus encoding direction, thus leaving the stimulus representation largely unaffected. We propose that precise episodic activity with coordinated gain changes are keys to maintain a stable stimulus representation in V1.
Copy number signatures predict chromothripsis and clinical outcomes in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Maclachlan Kylee H. , Rustad Even H. , Derkach Andriy , Zheng-Lin Binbin , Yellapantula Venkata , Diamond Benjamin , Hultcrantz Malin , Ziccheddu Bachisio , Boyle Eileen M. , Blaney Patrick , Bolli Niccolò , Zhang Yanming , Dogan Ahmet , Lesokhin Alexander M. , Morgan Gareth J. , Landgren Ola , Maura Francesco 
Published: August 2021

AbstractChromothripsis is detectable in 20–30% of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients and is emerging as a new independent adverse prognostic factor. In this study we interrogate 752 NDMM patients using whole genome sequencing (WGS) to investigate the relationship of copy number (CN) signatures to chromothripsis and show they are highly associated. CN signatures are highly predictive of the presence of chromothripsis (AUC = 0.90) and can be used identify its adverse prognostic impact. The ability of CN signatures to predict the presence of chromothripsis is confirmed in a validation series of WGS comprised of 235 hematological cancers (AUC = 0.97) and an independent series of 34 NDMM (AUC = 0.87). We show that CN signatures can also be derived from whole exome data (WES) and using 677 cases from the same series of NDMM, we are able to predict both the presence of chromothripsis (AUC = 0.82) and its adverse prognostic impact. CN signatures constitute a flexible tool to identify the presence of chromothripsis and is applicable to WES and WGS data.
Antipsychotic-placebo separation on the PANSS-6 subscale as compared to the PANSS-30: a pooled participant-level analysis
Authors: Hieronymus Fredrik , Kølbæk Pernille , Correll Christoph U. , Østergaard Søren D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn order for measurement-based care to be implemented, there is a need for brief rating instruments that can be administered in a short amount of time, but that are still sufficiently informative. Here, we assessed the drug–placebo sensitivity of the six-item subscale (PANSS-6) of the 30-item Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-30) using a large collection of patient-level data (n = 6685) from randomized controlled trials of risperidone and paliperidone. When analyzing the data by study, we found no material difference in mean effect sizes (ES) between the two measures (PANSS-30 ES = 0.45, PANSS-6 ES = 0.44; p = 0.642). Stratifying the pooled population according to several putative effect moderators (e.g., age, formulation, dose, or diagnosis) generally yielded no meaningful ES differences between the two measures. Similarly, early improvement (≥20% improvement at week 1) on the PANSS-6 predicted subsequent response (≥40% improvement at endpoint) as well as the analog prediction using PANSS-30. Finally, cross-sectional symptom remission assessed via the PANSS-6 showed very good agreement (sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 98%) with cross-sectional symptom remission defined by the Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group.
Human osteoblast and fibroblast response to oral implant biomaterials functionalized with non-thermal oxygen plasma
Authors: Rabel Kerstin , Kohal Ralf-Joachim , Steinberg Thorsten , Rolauffs Bernd , Adolfsson Erik , Altmann Brigitte 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPlasma-treatment of oral implant biomaterials prior to clinical insertion is envisaged as a potential surface modification method for enhanced implant healing. To investigate a putative effect of plasma-functionalized implant biomaterials on oral tissue cells, this investigation examined the response of alveolar bone osteoblasts and gingival fibroblasts to clinically established zirconia- and titanium-based implant surfaces for bone and soft tissue integration. The biomaterials were either functionalized with oxygen-plasma in a plasma-cleaner or left untreated as controls, and were characterized in terms of topography and wettability. For the biological evaluation, the cell adhesion, morphogenesis, metabolic activity and proliferation were examined, since these parameters are closely interconnected during cell-biomaterial interaction. The results revealed that plasma-functionalization increased implant surface wettability. The magnitude of this effect thereby depended on surface topography parameters and initial wettability of the biomaterials. Concerning the cell response, plasma-functionalization of smooth surfaces affected initial fibroblast morphogenesis, whereas osteoblast morphology on rough surfaces was mainly influenced by topography. The plasma- and topography-induced differential cell morphologies were however not strong enough to trigger a change in proliferation behaviour. Hence, the results indicate that oxygen plasma-functionalization represents a possible cytocompatible implant surface modification method which can be applied for tailoring implant surface wettability.
Development of multiplex digital PCR assays for the detection of PIK3CA mutations in the plasma of metastatic breast cancer patients
Authors: Corné Julien , Le Du Fanny , Quillien Véronique , Godey Florence , Robert Lucie , Bourien Héloïse , Brunot Angélique , Crouzet Laurence , Perrin Christophe , Lefeuvre-Plesse Claudia , Diéras Véronique , De la Motte Rouge Thibault 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWith the approval of new therapies targeting the PI3K pathway, the detection of PIK3CA mutations has become a key factor in treatment management for HR+/HER2− metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We developed multiplex digital PCR (dPCR) assays to detect and quantify PIK3CA mutations. A first screening assay allows the detection of 21 mutations, with a drop-off system targeting the 542–546 hotspot mutations combined with the simultaneous detection of N345K, C420R, H1047L and H1047R mutations. In the case of a positive result, a sequential strategy based on other assays that we have developped allows for precise mutation identification. Clinical validity was determined by analyzing plasma circulating free DNA (cfDNA) from 213 HR+/HER2− MBC samples, as well as DNA extracted from 97 available matched tumors from 89 patients. Our assays have shown reliable specificity, accuracy and reproducibility, with limits of blank of three and four droplets for the screening assay. Sixty-eight patients (32%) had at least one PIK3CA mutation detectable in their plasma, and we obtained 83.1% agreement between the cfDNA analysis and the corresponding tumors. The high sensitivity and robustness of these new dPCR assays make them well-suited for rapid and cost-effective detection of PIK3CA mutations in the plasma of MBC patients.
Mobilization of progenitor cells and vessel healing after implantation of SYNERGY in acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Sakuma Masashi , Nishino Setsu , Nasuno Takahisa , Kageyama Michiya , Tokura Michiaki , Sohma Ryoichi , Inoue Ken-ichi , Kanaya Tomoaki , Obi Syotaro , Toyoda Shigeru , Abe Shichiro , Attizzani Guiherme F. , Pereira Gabriel T. R. , Bezerra Hiram G. , Inoue Teruo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study was aimed to compare the vascular healing process of a SYNERGY stent with that of a PROMUS PREMIER stent in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In 71 patients with ACS, undergoing coronary stent implantation using the SYNERGY stent (n = 52) or PROMUS PREMIER stent (n = 19), we measured circulating CD34+/CD133+/CD45null cells and CD34+/KDR+ cells and observed vascular healing at the stented sites using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and coronary angioscopy. On the day 7, circulating CD34+/CD133+/CD45null cells increased in SYNERGY group (P < 0.0001), while it did not change in PROMUS group. The CD34+/KDR+ cells also increased in SYNERGY group (P < 0.0001) but less significantly in the PROMUS group (P < 0.05). The OCT-based neointimal thickness (P < 0.0005) and neointimal coverage rate (P < 0.05) at 12 months were greater in SYNERGY group, compared with PROMUS group. The coronary angioscopy-based neointimal coverage grade at 12 months was also greater in SYNERGY group (P < 0.001). In overall patients, the change in CD34+/KDR+ cells on the day 7 correlated with the OCT-based neointimal thickness at 12 months (R = 0.288, P < 0.05). SYNERGY stent seems to have potential advantages over PROMUS PREMIER stent for ACS patients in terms of vascular healing process at the stented sites.
2000 years of agriculture in the Atacama desert lead to changes in the distribution and concentration of iron in maize
Authors: Vidal Elgueta Ale , Navarro Nathalia , Uribe Mauricio , Robe Kevin , Gaymard Frédéric , Dubos Christian , Pérez María Fernanda , Roschzttardtz Hannetz 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe performed a histological and quantitative study of iron in archaeological maize seeds from prehispanic times recovered from Tarapacá, Atacama Desert. Also, we examined iron distribution changes at the cell level in embryos from ancient versus new varieties of maize. Our results show a progressive decrease in iron concentration from the oldest maize to modern specimens. We interpret the results as an effect of prehispanic agriculture over the micronutrient composition of maize.
An analysis of frailty and multimorbidity in 20,566 UK Biobank participants with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Hanlon Peter , Jani Bhautesh D. , Butterly Elaine , Nicholl Barbara , Lewsey Jim , McAllister David A. , Mair Frances S. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Frailty and multimorbidity are common in type 2 diabetes (T2D), including people <65 years. Guidelines recommend adjustment of treatment targets in people with frailty or multimorbidity. It is unclear how recommendations to adjust treatment targets in people with frailty or multimorbidity should be applied to different ages. We assess implications of frailty/multimorbidity in middle/older-aged people with T2D.

Methods
We analysed UK Biobank participants (n = 20,566) with T2D aged 40–72 years comparing two frailty measures (Fried frailty phenotype and Rockwood frailty index) and two multimorbidity measures (Charlson Comorbidity index and count of long-term conditions (LTCs)). Outcomes were mortality, Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event (MACE), hospitalization with hypoglycaemia or fall/fracture.

Results
Here we show that choice of measure influences the population identified: 42% of participants are frail or multimorbid by at least one measure; 2.2% by all four measures. Each measure is associated with mortality, MACE, hypoglycaemia, and fall or fracture. The absolute 5-year mortality risk is higher in older versus younger participants with a given level of frailty (e.g. 1.9%, and 9.9% in men aged 45 and 65, respectively, using frailty phenotype) or multimorbidity (e.g. 1.3%, and 7.8% in men with 4 LTCs aged 45 and 65, respectively). Using frailty phenotype, the relationship between higher HbA1c and mortality is stronger in frail compared with pre-frail or robust participants.

Conclusions
Assessment of frailty/multimorbidity should be embedded within routine management of middle-aged and older people with T2D. Method of identification as well as features such as age impact baseline risk and should influence clinical decisions (e.g. glycaemic control).
Diagnostik und Therapie einer Anti-CD36-induzierten neonatalen Alloimmunthrombozytopenie
Authors: Flesch Brigitte K. , Carbol Alexander 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungMütterliche Antikörper gegen das HPA-1a auf kindlichen Thrombozyten sind der Hauptverursacher einer fetalen oder neonatalen Alloimmunthrombozytopenie (FNAIT). In asiatischen Populationen wurden wiederholt Isoantikörper gegen CD36 als ursächlich im Zusammenhang mit der FNAIT beschrieben, wohingegen in Mitteleuropa die CD36-Defizienz und damit die Möglichkeit einer Immunisierung praktisch unbekannt sind. Das erschwert deutlich die Transfusion mit kompatiblen Thrombozyten bei FNAIT-Fällen, z. B. bei Neugeborenen asiatischer Abstammung. Bei einem Neugeborenen arabischstämmiger Eltern wurde eine Anti-CD36-induzierte FNAIT diagnostiziert. Die Thrombozytenwerte konnten erfolgreich durch die Gabe HPA-unausgewählter Apheresethrombozytenkonzentrate (ATK) stabilisiert werden. Durch ein vorangegangenes Forschungsprojekt zum CD36-Screening bei Blutspendern arabischer Herkunft stand zusätzlich kurz darauf ein ATK mit sehr schwacher CD36-Expression zur Verfügung, das aber nicht mehr benötigt wurde. Dieser Fall weist somit alternative Therapiemöglichkeiten bei einer Anti-CD36-induzierten FNAIT auf.
Sozialmedizinische Nachsorge bei Frühgeborenen – Auswirkungen des G-BA Beschlusses zur Qualitätssicherungs-Richtlinie Früh- und Reifgeborener (QFR-RL)
Authors: Weishaupt Eva , Reimann Margarete , Hinzpeter Birte , Grimm Marita , Podeswik Andreas , Felderhoff-Müser Ursula , Maria Hüning Britta 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Fortschritte in der perinatalen Versorgung haben zu einer Senkung der Mortalität sehr unreifer Frühgeborener (FG) geführt bei gleichzeitig unveränderter Langzeit-Morbidität. Die Sozialmedizinische Nachsorge (SMN) ist eine interdisziplinäre Begleitung der Familien zur Sicherstellung des Behandlungserfolges, Verkürzung des stationären Aufenthaltes und Vermeidung von Wiederaufnahmen. Der G-BA fordert in der Qualitätssicherungs-Richtlinie (QFR-RL) u. a. die Sicherstellung der ambulanten Versorgung.
Fragestellung Die vorliegende Studie untersuchte, inwieweit Effekte durch die Umsetzung des G-BA Beschlusses bei den Leistungserbringern wahrgenommen wurden.
Methodik Es wurde eine explorative Umfrage in 101 Einrichtungen durchgeführt, die SMN nach §43 Abs. 2 SGB V anbieten. Die Fallzahlen wurden mit den Daten aus dem Wirkungsbericht des Bundesverbandes Bunter Kreis e.V. und der Neonatalerhebung des IQTIG verglichen.
Ergebnisse Es wurden 53 (52,4%) Datensätze von Teilnehmern aus 9 Bundesländern ausgewertet. 56,6% nehmen Effekte in der Praxis war. Es wurden neue Einrichtungen etabliert (24,5%, n=13), mehr Personal angestellt (17%, n=9) und mehr FG versorgt (18,9%, n=10). Die Fallzahlen zeigen in 2017 eine Versorgungsquote von 24%.
Schlussfolgerung Mehr als die Hälfte der Teilnehmer nehmen Effekte durch die Umsetzung der QFR-RL wahr. Im Gegensatz dazu zeigt sich statistisch kein Unterschied auf Bundesebene in den Fallzahlen für 2016/2017. Eine auskömmliche Finanzierung sowie eine Versorgung müssen flächendeckend zur Umsetzung der QFR-RL realisiert werden.
The Effect of Educational Program on Pain Management, Self-Efficacy Behavior, and Quality of Life among Adult Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Neuropathy Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Abu-Shennar Jawad Ahmad , Bayraktar Nurhan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective Jordan has a high prevalence of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN), leg complications, and amputations due to diabetes. This study evaluated the effect of educational programs on pain management, self-efficacy behaviors, and quality of life (QoL) among adult patients with PDPN.
Methods The randomized controlled trial study was conducted at the Jordanian Ministry of Health hospitals between October 2019 – March 2020. Seventy-two adult patients with PDPN were randomized to an experimental group of 36 patients who attended an educational program and a control group who followed routine diabetic care in the study setting. The data were collected using a socio-demographic and diabetes clinical/laboratory data form, the numeric rating scale (NRS), diabetes self-efficacy scale (DSES), and the quality-of-life questionnaire (EQ-5D). The intervention program consisted of four educational sessions at weekly intervals. Pre-test and post-test evaluations were conducted.
Results After the educational intervention, the mean scores of the NRS (p=0.020), DSES (p<0.001), and EQ-5D (p<0.001) in the experimental group improved significantly improved compared to those in the control group. Additionally, while there were no significant correlations between the three study outcomes in the pre-test stage, correlations were observed to be significant after the educational intervention.
Conclusion This study shows that the design and implementation of educational intervention combined with routine diabetic care facilitate effective pain management, self-efficacy behaviors, and QoL of patients with PDPN. The health care providers are recommended to use the educational programs for such patients at various levels of services in both health centers and diabetes clinics.
Avaliação de lesões por serra circular em um centro de referência em microcirurgia e reimplantes
Authors: Faccioni Ana Lúcia Campos , Kurebayashi Leonardo , Anjos Kátia Campos dos , Rezende Marcelo Rosa de 
Published: August 2021

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar o perfil epidemiológico, o tempo até o atendimento, e o tipo de conduta tomada em pacientes vítimas de acidentes com serra circular e lesões decorrentes, e fazer uma comparação com a literatura.
Métodos Estudo descritivo transversal, com revisão do prontuário de pacientes atendidos de abril a dezembro de 2018, analisando idade, sexo, lado lesado, dedos acometidos, mês e horário do acidente, tipo de lesões, procedimentos realizados na urgência, tempo decorrido entre o trauma e entrada em sala cirúrgica, e reabordagem durante a internação.
Resultados Foram atendidos 54 pacientes do sexo masculino com idade entre 15 e 72 anos. O lado esquerdo foi o mais acometido, e o tipo de lesão mais frequente, a amputação, envolvendo principalmente o polegar. No total, 23 pacientes foram submetidos a reimplante, e, entre eles, 3 macrorreimplantes. Quanto ao horário do trauma, 26 ocorreram entre 12h e 16h, e o tempo decorrido entre o acidente e a entrada em sala cirúrgica foi ≥ 6 horas em 84% dos pacientes.
Conclusão As lesões por serra circular são predominantemente graves, com potencial de deixar sequelas permanentes, e acometem principalmente o polegar. A caracterização do tipo de lesão e as condições de atendimento inicial obtidas neste trabalho poderão ajudar na política de prevenção e atendimento a pacientes vítimas de ferimentos por serra circular. Nível de Evidência IV; Série de Casos.
Ultrasound-Guided Cannulation of the Great Saphenous Vein in Neonates: A Randomized Study
Authors: Tu Zhenzhen , Tan Yanzhe , Liu Lifei , Xie Jia , Xu Ying , Liu Wei 
Published: August 2021

Objective This prospective randomized controlled study aimed to compare the ultrasound-guided (USG) technique with the standard single-wall puncture technique for epicutaneo-caval catheter (ECC) placement in neonates.
Study Design A total of 100 neonates were included in this study. All enrolled neonates were randomly divided into two groups (n = 50): the USG group and the control group. The control group underwent standard single-wall puncture for ECC placement procedures, and the USG group underwent USG ECC placement procedures.
Results The first attempt success rates (62 vs. 38%; p = 0.016) and the total success rates (92 vs. 74%; p = 0.017) were higher in the USG group than in the control group. The procedure time was shorter in the USG group than in the control group: 351.43 (112.95) versus 739.78 seconds (369.13), p < 0.001. The incidence of adverse events was not significantly different between the two groups.
Conclusion Compared with the standard single-wall puncture method, USG cannulation is superior for neonatal ECC placement, with a higher success rate, and decreases the total procedural time.
Key Points
A Modular Approach to Combine Postmarket Clinical Follow-Up Studies and Postmarket Surveillance Studies
Authors: Ziegler Andreas , Forßmann Kristin , Konopka Sabine , Krockenberger Katja 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background The European Medical Device Regulation 2017/745 (MDR) has its date of application in May 2021. This new legislation has refined and expanded the need of manufacturers to have a postmarket surveillance (PMS) system. According to this legislation, a postmarket clinical follow-up (PMCF) plan is also required. Manufacturers of high-risk medical devices are obliged to conduct both PMCF and PMS studies. There is thus the need to generate evidence from clinical data.
Objectives The conduct of several studies for PMS and PMCF can be cumbersome. We therefore aim to present a modular approach to combine PMS and PMCF studies into a single study.
Materials and Methods We extracted the topics listed in the MDR, especially Annex XV, Section 3, the Good Clinical Practice for medical devices (EN 14155:2020, Annex A). In addition, we added topics according to the SPIRIT and the SPIRIT-PRO statement and created a draft clinical investigation plan (CIP).
Results The CIP template is provided as part of the manuscript. The modular concept has passed the required regulatory and legal requirements for one specific study.
Conclusion A modular approach for combining PMCF and PMS studies in a single CIP has been developed and implemented, and it is ready for use. The provided CIP template should enable other researchers and groups to adopt this concept according to their needs.
Turbulent periods and the development of the scientific research article, 1735–1835
Authors: Banks David 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The results of a previous study (Banks 2018) suggest that the
development of scientific writing is more conservative in times of great turbulence. In an attempt to verify this, samples were
taken from the Mémoires de l’Académie des Sciences and the Philosophical Transactions for the
years 1735, 1785 and 1835. The development over the years 1735 to 1785 was compared to that between 1785 and 1835. Analysis of the
grammatical functions and semantic categories of themes and of process types indicates that there is some evidence in favour of
the conjecture that scientific writers are more conservative in times of turbulence. Whilst this is not conclusive, it suggests
that further research would be fruitful.