bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spleen Glucose Metabolism on [18F]-FDG PET/CT for Cancer Drug Discovery and Development cannot be Overlooked
Authors: Seban Romain-David , Synn Shwe , Muneer Izza , Champion Laurence , Schwartz Lawrence H. , Dercle Laurent 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]-FDG) Positron Emission Tomography/
Computed Tomography (PET/CT) is a useful tool that assesses glucose metabolism in tumor
cells to help guide the management of cancer patients. However, the clinical relevance of glucose
metabolism in healthy tissues, including hematopoietic tissues such as the spleen, has been potentially
overlooked. Recent studies suggested that spleen glucose metabolism could improve the management
of different cancers.

Study Eligibility Criteria:
Overall, the current literature includes 1,157 patients, with a wide range
of tumor types. The prognostic and/or predictive value of spleen metabolism has been demonstrated
in a broad spectrum of therapies, including surgery and systemic cancer therapies. Most of these
studies showed that high spleen glucose metabolism at baseline is associated with a poor outcome
while treatment-induce change in spleen glucose metabolism is a multi-faceted surrogate of cancer-
related inflammation, which correlates with immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment as
well as with immune activation.

Conclusion:
In this systematic review, we seek to unravel the prognostic/predictive significance of
spleen glucose metabolism on [18F]-FDG PET/CT and discuss how it could potentially guide cancer
patient management in the future.
Structural Aspects of mTOR Inhibitors: Search for Potential Compounds
Authors: Kaur Kamalpreet , Anant Arjun , Asati Vivek 
Published: July 2021

:
mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) is a catalytic subunit composed of two multi-protein complexes
that indicate mTORC1 and mTORC2. It plays a crucial role in various fundamental cell processes like cell proliferation,
metabolism, survival, cell growth, etc. Various first line mTOR inhibitors such as Rapamycin, Temsirolimus,
Everolimus, Ridaforolimus, Umirolimus, and Zotarolimus have been used popularly. In contrast, several mTOR inhibitors
such as Gedatolisib (PF-05212384) are under phase 2 clinical trials studies for the treatment of triple-negative
breast cancer. The mTOR inhibitors bearing heterocyclic moieties such as quinazoline, thiophene, morpholine, imidazole,
pyrazine, furan, quinoline are under investigation against various cancer cell lines (U87MG, PC-3, MCF-7, A549,
MDA-231). In this review, we summarized updated research related to mTOR inhibitors and their structure-activity
relationship, which may help scientists develop potent inhibitors against cancer.
Understanding Preferences for Lifestyle-Focused Visual Text Messages in Patients With Cardiovascular and Chronic Respiratory Disease: Discrete Choice Experiment
Authors: Choi Michael , Raeside Rebecca , Hyun Karice , Partridge Stephanie R , Thiagalingam Aravinda , Redfern Julie 
Published: July 2021

Background
Supporting healthy lifestyle changes is a key aim of cardiovascular and pulmonary rehabilitation programs. SMS text messaging programs have demonstrated effectiveness in cardiovascular disease risk reduction, weight loss, increasing physical activity, and smoking cessation. The optimization of SMS text messaging programs may deliver greater population benefits as mobile phone use becomes ubiquitous. Visual messaging (ie, image-based messages) has the potential to communicate health messages via digital technology and result in enhanced engagement.

Objective
This study aims to determine and understand patient preferences for lifestyle-focused visual text messages that support cardiovascular and pulmonary rehabilitation.

Methods
A discrete choice experiment was conducted in a 4-stage iterative process to elicit patient preferences for visual message features. Attribute and level development yielded 3 attributes (purpose, image type, and web address), and 16 choice sets were subsequently constructed according to a full factorial design. Patients participating in cardiovascular and pulmonary rehabilitation were surveyed (on the web) for their preferences regarding the visual message choice sets. Respondents were asked to choose among 16 pairs of visual messages regarding key lifestyle behaviors, namely, physical activity and nutrition. The data were analyzed using a conditional logit model.

Results
There was a total of 1728 observations from 54 unique respondents. Two factors that were associated with patient preference were gain-framed purpose compared with no purpose (odds ratio [OR] 1.93, 95% CI 1.40-2.65) and real images compared with cartoon images (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.04-1.54). A loss-framed purpose was less preferred than no purpose (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.42-0.74). Overall, patients preferred positive images that were colorful and engaged with text that supported the image and had a preference for images of real people rather than cartoons.

Conclusions
A discrete choice experiment is a scientific method for eliciting patient preferences for a visual messaging intervention that is designed to support changes in lifestyle behaviors. SMS text messaging programs that use visual aids may result in greater patient satisfaction by using a gain frame, using real images, and avoiding a loss frame. Further research is needed to explore the feasibility of implementation and the health and behavioral outcomes associated with such visual messaging programs.
Identification and Evaluation of Methodologies to Assess the Quality of Mobile Health Apps in High-, Low-, and Middle-Income Countries: Rapid Review
Authors: Woulfe Fionn , Fadahunsi Kayode Philip , Smith Simon , Chirambo Griphin Baxter , Larsson Emma , Henn Patrick , Mawkin Mala , O’ Donoghue John 
Published: July 2021

Background
In recent years, there has been rapid growth in the availability and use of mobile health (mHealth) apps around the world. A consensus regarding an accepted standard to assess the quality of such apps has yet to be reached. A factor that exacerbates the challenge of mHealth app quality assessment is variations in the interpretation of quality and its subdimensions. Consequently, it has become increasingly difficult for health care professionals worldwide to distinguish apps of high quality from those of lower quality. This exposes both patients and health care professionals to unnecessary risks. Despite progress, limited understanding of the contributions of researchers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) exists on this topic. Furthermore, the applicability of quality assessment methodologies in LMIC settings remains relatively unexplored.

Objective
This rapid review aims to identify current methodologies in the literature to assess the quality of mHealth apps, understand what aspects of quality these methodologies address, determine what input has been made by authors from LMICs, and examine the applicability of such methodologies in LMICs.

Methods
This review was registered with PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews). A search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus was performed for papers related to mHealth app quality assessment methodologies, which were published in English between 2005 and 2020. By taking a rapid review approach, a thematic and descriptive analysis of the papers was performed.

Results
Electronic database searches identified 841 papers. After the screening process, 52 papers remained for inclusion. Of the 52 papers, 5 (10%) proposed novel methodologies that could be used to evaluate mHealth apps of diverse medical areas of interest, 8 (15%) proposed methodologies that could be used to assess apps concerned with a specific medical focus, and 39 (75%) used methodologies developed by other published authors to evaluate the quality of various groups of mHealth apps. The authors in 6% (3/52) of papers were solely affiliated to institutes in LMICs. A further 15% (8/52) of papers had at least one coauthor affiliated to an institute in an LMIC.

Conclusions
Quality assessment of mHealth apps is complex in nature and at times subjective. Despite growing research on this topic, to date, an all-encompassing appropriate means for evaluating the quality of mHealth apps does not exist. There has been engagement with authors affiliated to institutes across LMICs; however, limited consideration of current generic methodologies for application in LMIC settings has been identified.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42020205149; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=205149
The Persistence of the Impact of COVID-19–Related Distress, Mood Inertia, and Loneliness on Mental Health During a Postlockdown Period in Germany: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
Authors: Haucke Matthias , Liu Shuyan , Heinzel Stephan 
Published: July 2021

Background
The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 increased mental health problems globally. However, little is known about mental health problems during a low-incidence period of the pandemic without strict public health measures.

Objective
We aim to investigate whether COVID-19–related risk factors for mental health problems persist beyond lockdown measures. We targeted a vulnerable population that is at risk of developing low mental health and assessed their daily dynamics of mood and emotion regulation after a strict lockdown.

Methods
During a postlockdown period in Germany (between August 8, 2020, and November 1, 2020), we conducted an ecological momentary assessment with 131 participants who experienced at least mild COVID-19–related distress and loneliness. To estimate negative mood inertia, we built a lag-1 three-level autoregressive model.

Results
We found that information exposure and active daily COVID-19 cases did not have an impact on negative mood amid a postlockdown period. However, there was a day-to-day carryover effect of negative mood. In addition, worrying about COVID-19, feeling restricted by COVID-19, and feeling lonely increased negative mood.

Conclusions
The mental health of a vulnerable population is still challenged by COVID-19–related stressors after the lifting of a strict lockdown. This study highlights the need to protect mental health during postpandemic periods.
US Parents’ Acceptance of Learning About Mindfulness Practices for Parents and Children: National Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Mathur Mala , Kerr Bradley R , Babal Jessica C , Eickhoff Jens C , Coller Ryan J , Moreno Megan A 
Published: July 2021

Background
Mindfulness practices are associated with improved health and well-being for children. Few studies have assessed parents’ acceptance of learning about mindfulness practices.

Objective
This study aims to assess parents’ beliefs and interest in learning about mindfulness, including from their health care provider, and differences across demographic backgrounds.

Methods
We conducted a national cross-sectional survey of parents with children aged 0-18 years in October 2018. Measures included beliefs and interest in learning about mindfulness. These measures were compared across demographic backgrounds using chi-square analysis. Multivariate linear and logistic regression analyses were used to perform adjusted comparisons between demographic backgrounds.

Results
Participants (N=3000) were 87% (n=2621) female and 82.5% (n=2466) Caucasian. Most (n=1913, 64.2%) reported beliefs that mindfulness can be beneficial when parenting, 56.4% (n=1595) showed interest in learning about mindfulness to help their child stay healthy, and 40.8% (n=1214) reported interest in learning about mindfulness from their health care provider. Parents with a college degree 49.6% (n=444) were more likely to report interest in learning about mindfulness from a health care provider compared to those without 37.1% (n=768; P<.001). Parents interested in learning about mindfulness were more likely to be male 62.6% (n=223; P<.001). There was no significant difference in interest in learning about mindfulness from a health care provider based on race.

Conclusions
This study indicates that many parents believe mindfulness can be beneficial while parenting and are interested in learning how mindfulness could help their child stay healthy. Findings suggest there is an opportunity to educate families about mindfulness practices.
About the B-spline wavelet discrete-continual finite element method of the local plate analysis
Authors: Akimov Pavel A. , Mozgaleva Marina L. , Kaytukov Taymuraz B. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction. This distinctive paper addresses the local semi-analytical solution to the problem of plate analysis. Isotropic plates featuring the regularity (constancy) of physical and geometric parameters (modulus of elasticity of the plate material, Poisson’s ratio of the plate material, dimensions of the cross section of the plate) along one direction (dimension) are under consideration. This direction is conventionally called the basic direction.
Materials and methods. The B-spline wavelet discrete-continual finite element method (DCFEM) is used. The initial operational formulation of the problem was constructed using the theory of distribution and the so-called method of extended domain, proposed by Prof. Alexander B. Zolotov.
Results. Some relevant issues of construction of normalized basis functions of the B-spline are considered; the technique of approximation of corresponding vector functions and operators within DCFEM is described. The problem remains continual if analyzed along the basic direction, and its exact analytical solution can be obtained, whereas the finite element approximation is used in combination with a wavelet analysis apparatus in respect of the non-basic direction. As a result, we can obtain a discrete-continual formulation of the problem. Thus, we have a multi-point (in particular, two-point) boundary problem for the first-order system of ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients. A special correct analytical method of solving such problems was developed, described and verified in the numerous papers of the co-authors. In particular, we consider the simplest sample analysis of a plate (rectangular in plan) fixed along the side faces exposed to the influence of the load concentrated in the center of the plate.
Conclusions. The solution to the verification problem obtained using the proposed version of wavelet-based DCFEM was in good agreement with the solution obtained using the conventional finite element method (the corresponding solutions were constructed with and without localization; these solutions almost completely coincided, while the advantages of the numerical-analytical approach were quite obvious). It is shown that the use of B-splines of various degrees within wavelet-based DCFEM leads to a significant reduction in the number of unknowns.
Dismantling a multi-storey building in the conditions of a built-up area: engineering and economic indicators
Authors: Mazurin Dmitry M. , Dement’eva Мarina E. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction. In the contemporary world, the number of multi-storey and high-rise buildings goes up, and this is the case of central districts of large cities. This renewal of built environments in megalopolises takes the form of development of unoccupied spaces, which grow smaller year after year, and liquidation of buildings whose life cycle is coming to an end. In this regard, there arises a problem of choosing the building demolition method, since traditional techniques, used worldwide, do not allow for the liquidation of buildings that have more than 15 floors. Therefore, given the growing number of floors, densely built-up areas, and tighter safety regulations, there is a need to improve dismantling technologies, including tighter environmental safety requirements applied to dismantling works, and this necessity substantiates the relevance of this research. The subject of this work is the engineering and economic indicators of the element-wise deconstruction and mechanical demolition, performed as a sequential set of works that end in the elimination of a multi-storey building, having various design features. The purpose of this study is to explore the engineering and economic indicators of dismantling works carried out in densely built-up urban areas, taking into account work arrangement features, space-planning and design characteristics of a building to be liquidated.
Materials and methods. Given the findings of the field observations that represent photographic recording and timing, measurements were taken in respect of the time needed to perform the dismantling work in the process of liquidation of a multi-storey building. The method of mathematical analysis was employed to obtain the engineering and economic indicators of dismantling works. The work space, the scope and amount of work were identified using AutoCAD, a 2D modeling system.
Results. The co-authors have identified the features of the element-wise dismantling and mechanical demolition of a multi-storey building, dependences between engineering and economic indicators, as well as the characteristics of buildings.
Conclusions. The research, performed by the co-authors, allow to identify the bottlenecks of such methods of dismantling a multi-storey building, as its element-wise dismantling and mechanical demolition. The results of the work can be used to streamline the building dismantling technology, with regard to the features of surrounding buildings and the characteristics of the building to be liquidated.
Hepato-Renal Activities of Hydro-Methanol Leaf Extract of Cnidoscolus aconitifolius in Adult Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Ezebuiro Ijeoma , Ododo Avweresuoghene , Apugo Uchechukwu Ifeanyichukwu 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Medicinal plants such as Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (CA) have been studied over the years for their protective and curative potentials against a myriad of common global health challenges such as hepatorenal injuries.
Objectives: To ascertaining the effects of the hydromethanol leaf extract of CA (HMLECA) on hepato-renal parameters in adult male wistar rats.
Method: A total of 18 adult male wistar rats were divided into 3 groups of six rats each. Group I served as the negative control which received distilled water while groups 2 and 3 served as extract treatment groups which received 200 and 400 mg/kg BW of the HMLECA respectively. The administration was daily for a period of 58 days while blood sample for the biochemical analysis was drawn via cardiac puncture at the end of the study following light chloroform anaesthesia.
Results and Discussion: The results showed that the administration of both doses of the extract produced no significant (P<0.05) effect on the levels of serum liver enzyme (AST, ALT, ALP), TP, ALB, electrolytes (K+, Na+ and HCO3–), Creatinine and Urea while that of the 400 mg/kg BW produced significant (P<0.05) decrease in the level of TB and Cl –. Hence, the administration of the leaf extract in this study did not elicit any toxic effect on both the liver and kidney functions and could be effective as hepato-renal protective agent.
Keywords: Cnidoscolus aconitifolius, Liver function, Liver enzymes, Renal function, Serum biochemicals, Serum electrolytes
Evaluation of Antioxidant activities of Aqueous extract from Bryophyllum pinnatum on Carbon tetrachloride-induced albino rat tissues
Authors: ALLI SMITH Yemisi Rufina , ALUKO Bukola Tola , OWOLABI Olutunmise Victoria 
Published: July 2021

Oxidative injury or cellular damage arising from free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many human diseases. These ROS are generated through normal metabolism of drugs, environmental chemicals and other xenobiotics as well as endogenous chemicals. Accumulated evidence suggests that ROS can be scavenged through chemoprevention utilizing natural antioxidant compounds present in foods and medicinal plants. The aim of this study is to evaluate antioxidant activities of aqueous extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum using carbon tetrachloride-induced albino rats as model. An in-vivo antioxidant activity was carried out on the CCl4 induced rats by administration of aqueous extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum at doses of 50, 100 and 200mg/Kg bw for 14 consecutive days, and one group was treated with Silymarin at a dose of 50 mg/Kg as a standard drug. The antioxidant activities were estimated by evaluating its effects on antioxidant parameters in the tissues of albino rats (Serum, Liver and Heart). The activity of catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and the levels of MDA and GSH were evaluated in tissue homogenates. Results showed that the rats fed with the higher concentrations of Bryophyllum pinnatum had significant increase (p<0.05) in glutathione content (GSH), GPx, SOD and catalase activities relative to normal and standard control. However, the level of MDA was decreased (p<0.05) for the treated groups (100 and 200mg/kg). These results suggest that aqueous extracts of Bryophyllum pinnatum has active substances contributing to varied degrees of potent antioxidant activity and could serve as important source of antioxidants in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries.
Keywords: Oxidative injury, Bryophyllum pinnatum, antioxidant, Diseases, Tissues
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Ethanol Extract of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera G.) Seed Against White Male Rats Using Paw Edema Method
Authors: Fitri Khairani , Khairani Tetty Noverita , Sianturi Kristin Tiurma , Leny Leny , Hafiz Ihsanul 
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory activity test of ethanol extract of lotus seeds in rats induced by carrageenan. The research method used was experimental. The object used in this study was male white rats. Observations were made for 6 hours and then the data were analyzed using the one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. The anti-inflammatory activity test was carried out on the test animals which were divided into 5 groups, 3 each with the suspension test group with a dose of 200, 300, 400 mg/kg bw, the negative control group was the CMC Na 1% suspension and the positive control was diclofenac Na 2, 25 mg/kg bw. The results showed that the ethanol extract of the seeds of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera G) was proven to have an anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan-induced male white rats at doses of 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg BW with the percentage value of inflammation inhibition at the 6th hour was 65.79, 74.65 and 80.77%, with the most effective dose in reducing anti-inflammatory drugs being 400 mg/kg bw. The ethanol extract of the seeds of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) has anti-inflammatory activity.
Keywords: anti-inflammatory activity, Nelumbo nucifera, paw edema