bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Commensal Pseudomonas protect Arabidopsis thaliana from a coexisting pathogen via multiple lineage-dependent mechanisms
Authors: Shalev Or , Ashkenazy Haim , Neumann Manuela , Weigel Detlef 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Plants are protected from pathogens not only by their own immunity but often also by colonizing commensal microbes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a group of cryptically pathogenic Pseudomonas strains often dominates local populations. This group coexists in nature with commensal Pseudomonas strains that can blunt the deleterious effects of the pathogens in the laboratory. We have investigated the interaction between one of the Pseudomonas pathogens and 99 naturally co-occurring commensals, finding plant protection to be common among non-pathogenic Pseudomonas. While protective ability is enriched in one specific lineage, there is also a substantial variation for this trait among isolates of this lineage. These functional differences do not align with core-genome phylogenies, suggesting repeated gene inactivation or loss as causal. Using genome-wide association, we discovered that different bacterial genes are linked to plant protection in each lineage. We validated a protective role of several lineage-specific genes by gene inactivation, highlighting iron acquisition and biofilm formation as prominent mechanisms of plant protection in this Pseudomonas lineage. Collectively, our work illustrates the importance of functional redundancy in plant protective traits across an important group of commensal bacteria.
CD82 protects against glaucomatous axonal transport deficits via mTORC1 activation in mice
Authors: Ye Meng , Huang Jingqiu , Mou Qianxue , Luo Jing , Hu Yuanyuan , Lou Xiaotong , Yao Ke , Zhao Bowen , Duan Qiming , Li Xing , Zhang Hong , Zhao Yin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGlaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide and is characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration and retinal ganglion cell loss. Axonal transport deficits have been demonstrated to be the earliest crucial pathophysiological changes underlying axonal degeneration in glaucoma. Here, we explored the role of the tetraspanin superfamily member CD82 in an acute ocular hypertension model. We found a transient downregulation of CD82 after acute IOP elevation, with parallel emergence of axonal transport deficits. The overexpression of CD82 with an AAV2/9 vector in the mouse retina improved optic nerve axonal transport and ameliorated subsequent axon degeneration. Moreover, the CD82 overexpression stimulated optic nerve regeneration and restored vision in a mouse optic nerve crush model. CD82 exerted a protective effect through the upregulation of TRAF2, which is an E3 ubiquitin ligase, and activated mTORC1 through K63-linked ubiquitylation and intracellular repositioning of Raptor. Therefore, our study offers deeper insight into the tetraspanin superfamily and demonstrates a potential neuroprotective strategy in glaucoma treatment.
Illuminate the hidden: in vivo mapping of microscale pH in the mycosphere using a novel whole-cell biosensor
Authors: Xiong Bi-Jing , Dusny Christian , Wang Lin , Appel Jens , Lindstaedt Kristin , Schlosser Dietmar , Harms Hauke , Wick Lukas Y 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The pH of an environment is both a driver and the result of diversity and functioning of microbial habitats such as the area affected by fungal hyphae (mycosphere). Here we used a novel pH-sensitive bioreporter, Synechocystis sp. PCC6803_peripHlu, and ratiometric fluorescence microscopy, to spatially and temporally resolve the mycosphere pH at the micrometre scale. Hyphae of the basidiomycete Coprionopsis cinerea were allowed to overgrow immobilised and homogeneously embedded pH bioreporters in an agarose microcosm. Signals of &gt;700 individual cells in an area of 0.4 × 0.8 mm were observed over time and used to create highly resolved (3 × 3 µm) pH maps using geostatistical approaches. C. cinerea changed the pH of the agarose from 6.9 to ca. 5.0 after 48 h with hyphal tips modifying pH in their vicinity up to 1.8 mm. pH mapping revealed distinct microscale spatial variability and temporally stable gradients between pH 4.4 and 5.8 over distances of ≈20 µm. This is the first in vivo mapping of a mycosphere pH landscape at the microscale. It underpins the previously hypothesised establishment of pH gradients serving to create spatially distinct mycosphere reaction zones.
Research of weak signal detection based on super‐regenerative chaotic oscillator
Authors: Yang Yifan , Xu Jian , Kuang Yun , Tu Hanfen , Wei Haoran , Yang Hao , Min Ke , Yang Wenliang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUnder certain circumstances, chaos will occur in the super‐regenerative receiver. The gain of the receiver reaches the maximum and the receiver is immune to the external noise in this case. The concept of super‐regenerative chaotic oscillator is proposed, and its potential capability of detection for the weak signal is studied for the first time. The simulation results show that, under the same input SNR, the signal sensitivity of the super‐regenerative chaotic oscillator is up to 40dB higher than that of the ordinary super‐regenerative oscillator, which means that it has stronger noise suppression and more sensitive response to the signal submerged in the noise. It shows its potential application value for the weak signal detection.
Online refinement of day‐ahead forecasting using intraday data for campus‐level load
Authors: Ji Yuanfan , Yang Yang , Geng Guangchao , Jiang Quanyuan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDay‐ahead forecasting for campus‐level load is important for better energy management, but especially difficult to be accurate, compared to large‐scale loads such as cities or regions. This is because irregular and unpredictable behavior of individual loads in small‐scale loads cannot be fully smoothed out and thus pose a negative impact on forecasting accuracy. This paper presents an online refinement strategy for day‐ahead forecasting using intraday data for a campus‐level load, focusing on self‐adapting correction of forecasting considering load pattern. First, according to the load pattern forecasted by Classification and Regression Trees (CART) one day ahead, the correction parameter group is assigned to the correction model. If the correction conditions are met, the forecasting results for the rest of the day will be updated. After all‐day load data is achieved, the actual load pattern can be identified and used to train CART model. To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, the model is evaluated by two datasets, a real‐life dataset of an industrial park in Shanghai China and a public dataset of an institute campus in Delhi, India. The results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can improve short‐term forecasting accuracy.
Power reserve control strategy in the left‐side of maximum power point for primary frequency regulation of grid‐connected photovoltaic systems
Authors: Yan Xiangwu , Wang Chenguang , Rasool Aazim , Liang Baixue , Ma Hongbin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe traditional method of operating photovoltaic (PV) systems on the right side of the maximum power point (MPP) may cause the voltage to be close to the open‐circuit voltage of the PV panel, resulting in a large oscillation of the PV power. In contrast, the change in dP/dU value of the curve on the left of the MPP is small, which is more conducive to adjusting the output power of the PV. A frequency regulation control strategy is proposed for a single‐stage PV power plant (PVPP), maintaining the PV string operating on the left side of the MPP. This paper proposes an optimal step‐size calculation method based on the flexible power tracking evaluation function. This calculation method is suitable for PV operating on the left side of the MPP and can improve the dynamic and steady‐state performance of the PV power tracking process. In addition, the system response is analyzed by establishing a small‐signal model with PV operating on the left side of the MPP. Finally, simulations and experiments verify the correctness and accuracy of the proposed primary frequency regulation strategy and step‐size calculation method.
Enabling demand response for optimal deployment of multi‐carrier microgrids incorporating incentives
Authors: Azimian Mahdi , Amir Vahid , Javadi Saeid , Siano Pierluigi , Alhelou Hassan Haes 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper inspects customer multi‐carrier microgrid deployments' techno‐economic viability and assists investors in deciding whether or not to invest in multi‐carrier microgrid installations equipped with smart demand‐side technologies. The solution of the proposed model determines the optimal mix and size of distributed energy resources, and identifies the ideal participation rate of potential responsive customers within the multi‐carrier microgrid. The objective of the proposed model is to minimize the overall deployment cost comprising the investment and replacement of distributed energy resources, demand‐side smart measurement and informing appliances, loan payoff, operation, maintenance, peak demand charge, energy demand shifting reward or penalty, emission, and unserved energy while ensuring the desired levels of reliability and online reserve. The model also considers incentive policies to encourage customers to install demand‐side smart technologies to participate in demand response programs actively. The planning problem is formulated by mixed‐integer programming. The proposed model is applied to an industrial zone as an aggregate load. Numerical simulations exhibit the model's efficacy and scrutinize in‐depth, the effect of a variety of factors on multi‐carrier microgrid planning results, including the extents of the capital investment fund and loan in addition to demand response enabling technology cost.
Modelling and simulation of earthquake‐induced changes in methane emission from the working face in an underground coal mine
Authors: Qi Qingjie , Zhang Liang , Zuo Shaojie , Sun Zuo , Deng Kai , Bi Ruiqing , Cao Yun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEvidence demonstrates that unusual methane emissions in coal mines may happen after earthquakes or mine tremors. Here, a seismicity‐induced permeability change model is constructed and validated using field data from the Laohutai coalmine. The validated model is employed to explore the extent to which different peak ground velocities (PGVs), seismic acceleration coefficients, remnant coal seam methane pressures, and initial coal seam permeabilities affect earthquake‐induced methane emissions. Detailed simulation results suggest that the permeability of a coal seam subjected to earthquakes is both controlled by the dual competing mechanism of earthquake‐imposed strain and excess pore pressure. A higher PGV leads to a rapid increase in the coal seam permeability and the maximum of methane concentration in the airflow, while higher seismic acceleration coefficients could somewhat reduce them. Meanwhile, increasing the remnant methane pressure and initial permeability in a coal seam subjected to an earthquake increases the maximum of methane concentration in the airflow at working faces. These results have provided reliable guidance for how to adopt emergent measures to prevent earthquake‐triggered methane accidents in underground coal mines.
Homoeopathic Treatment in Hypothyroidism—An Open-Label, Prospective, Single-Arm, Clinical Trial
Authors: Ray Aniket Singha , Ganguly Subhasish , Mukherjee Shyamal Kumar , Hazra Pallavi , Dutta Souvik , Nath Arunava , Koley Munmun , Saha Subhranil 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrinal disorders in India and its incidence is gradually increasing. A preliminary clinical trial was conducted to assess the probable role of individualised homoeopathic (IH) medicines in hypothyroidism with the assessment of hormonal titre (serum thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH] and free T4) and symptomatic improvement.
Methods An open-label, prospective, single-arm trial was conducted on 40 patients suffering from hypothyroidism at the outpatient of D. N. De Homeopathic Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India, and treated with IH. Serum TSH and FT4 were considered as the primary outcomes and Zuleswki's clinical scoring (ZCS) and thyroid symptom questionnaire (TSQ) as the secondary outcomes, measured at baseline and after 3 months of treatment. Intention-to-treat sample was analysed in the end by paired t-tests.
Results Total 58 patients were screened, of which 40 patients were enrolled; 4 patients dropped out, 36 patients completed the trial. Mean age was 44 years (standard deviation: 13.6), and majority of the patients were female (87.5%). Improvement in both primary and secondary outcomes was statistically significant (p <0.001, paired t-tests), TSH (mean reduction: 2.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.9–3.6, p = 0.001), FT4 (mean increase: −0.2, 95% CI: −0.3 to −0.2, p = 0.001), ZCS (mean reduction: 3.7, 95% CI: 2.9–4.6, p = 0.001), and TSQ (mean reduction: 2.9, 95% CI: 2.1–3.6, p = 0.001). Most frequently used medicines were Sulphur (20%), Pulsatilla nigricans (12.5%), Iodium (10%), Phosphorus (10%), and Natrum muriaticum (7.5%).
Conclusion This study showed promising treatment effects of IH in hypothyroidism. Randomised trials are warranted (Trial registration: CTRI/2018/11/016451; UTN: U1111–1223–2292).
Diet Implications and Oral Health Status of Women in Central Italy
Authors: Zumbo Giulia , Costacurta Micaela , Zara Francesca , Pranno Nicola , Ceravolo Margherita , Covello Francesco , Saccucci Matteo , Vozza Iole 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective The relationships between oral health habits, dietary practices, and oral health status, as well as general health status, in the population of Italian women, are complex, with many mutual and interrelating factors. The purpose of this study is to investigate oral habits, oral status, and dietary habits of a sample of women in Italy, highlighting the links between nutrition and oral health and discussing how oral health care professionals can integrate nutrition counseling that aimed at improving the oral health of their patients into their practices.
Materials and Methods In the period between February 2020 and July 2020, an anonymous questionnaire made up of 20 questions was administered to a randomized sample of 120 Italian women.
Results Most of women declare good manual skills in oral hygiene (50%) but just less than half of them brushes their teeth more than three times a day. Statistically significant correlations were found between frequency of dental checkups and dental mobility (p = 0.036), and halitosis (p = 0.006), as well as between frequency of flossing and gum bleeding. Correlation between the type of diet and oral health status showed more halitosis (∼21%), sensitivity (∼26%), and xerostomia (∼53.3%) for vegetarian and vegan women.
Conclusion More awareness need to be raised concerning oral hygiene habits, and regarding the importance of regular dental checkups. Brushing at least twice or three times a day needs to be encouraged and the valid support of dental aids has to be in the everyday domestic oral hygiene protocol, as scientific evidence demonstrates. Future clinical studies need to be performed on a more consistent number of vegetarian and vegan patients, to obtain more statistically significant results and support future research that will compare omnivorous, vegetarian, and vegan diets and their influence on oral health status.
Factor Xa Inhibitors for Patients after Mechanical Heart Valve Replacement?
Authors: Gerfer Stephen , Grandoch Maria , Wahlers Thorsten C.W. , Kuhn Elmar W. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPatients with a mechanical heart valve need a lifelong anticoagulation due to the increased risk of valve thrombosis and thrombo-embolism. Currently, vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are the only approved class of oral anticoagulants, but relevant interactions and side effects lead to a large number of patients not achieving the optimal therapeutic target international normalized ration (INR). Therefore, steady measurements of the INR are imperative to ensure potent anticoagulation within a distinctive range. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) with newer agents could serve as a possible alternative to VKAs in this patient cohort. DOACs are approved for several indications, e.g., atrial fibrillation (AF). They only have a minor interaction potential, which is why monitoring is not needed. Thereby, DOACs improve the livability of patients in need of chronical anticoagulation compared with VKAs. In contrast to dual platelet inhibition using aspirin in combination with an ADP receptor antagonist and the direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran, the oral factor Xa inhibitors apixaban and rivaroxaban show promising results according to current evidence. In small-scale studies, factor Xa inhibitors were able to prevent thrombosis and thrombo-embolic events in patients with mechanical heart valves. Finally, DOACs seem to represent a feasible treatment option in patients with mechanical heart valves, but further studies are needed to evaluate clinical safety. In addition to the ongoing PROACT Xa trial with apixaban in patients after aortic On-X valve implantation, studies in an all-comer collective with rivaroxaban could be promising.
Prediction of Postcoronary Artery Bypass Grafting Atrial Fibrillation: POAFRiskScore Tool
Authors: Arslan Ahmet Kadir , Erdil Nevzat , Guldogan Emek , Colak Cemil , Akca Baris , Colak M. Cengiz 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background Atrial fibrillation (AF), a condition that might occur after a heart bypass procedure, has caused differing estimates of its occurrence and risk. The current study analyses the possible risk factors of post-coronary artery bypass grafting (post-CABG) AF (postoperative AF [POAF]) and presents a software for preoperative POAF risk prediction.
Methods This retrospective research was performed on 1,667 patients who underwent CABG surgery using the hospital database. The associations between the variables of the patients and AF risk factors after CABG were examined using multivariable logistic regression (LR) after preprocessing the relevant data. The tool was designed to predict POAF risk using Shiny, an R package, to develop a web-based software.
Results The overall proportion of post-CABG AF was 12.2%. According to the results of univariate tests, in terms of age (p < 0.001), blood urea nitrogen (p = 0.005), platelet (p < 0.001), triglyceride (p = 0.0026), presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; p = 0.01), and presence of preoperative carotid artery stenosis (PCAS; p < 0.001), there were statistically significant differences between the POAF and non-POAF groups. Multivariable LR analysis disclosed the independent risk factors associated with POAF: PCAS (odds ratio [OR] = 2.360; p = 0.028), COPD (OR = 2.243; p = 0.015), body mass index (OR = 1.090; p = 0.006), age (OR = 1.054, p < 0.001), and platelet (OR = 0.994, p < 0.001).
Conclusion The experimental findings from the current research demonstrate that the suggested tool (POAFRiskScore v.1.0) can help clinicians predict POAF risk development in the preoperative period after validated on large sample(s) that can represent the related population(s). Simultaneously, since the updated versions of the proposed tool will be released periodically based on the increases in data dimensions with continuously added new samples and related factors, more robust predictions may be obtained in the subsequent stages of the current study in statistical and clinical terms.
Removal of Electrophysiological Devices in the Context of Heart Transplantation: Comparison of Combined and Staged Extraction Procedures
Authors: Immohr Moritz Benjamin , Boeken Udo , Smiris Konstantinos , Erbel-Khurtsidze Sophiko , Oehler Daniel , Dalyanoglu Hannan , Westenfeld Ralf , Aubin Hug , Tudorache Igor , Lichtenberg Artur , Akhyari Payam 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background During heart transplantation (HTx), tip of the leads of cardiac implantable electrophysiological devices (CIEPD) has to be cut when resecting the heart. Timing of the removal of the remaining device and leads is still discussed controversially.
Methods Between 2010 and 2021, n = 201 patients underwent HTx, of those n = 124 (61.7%) carried a present CIEPD. These patients were divided on the basis of the time of complete device removal (combined procedure with HTx, n = 40 or staged procedure, n = 84).
Results CIEPD was removed 11.4 ± 6.7 days after the initial HTx in staged patients. Dwelling time, number of leads as well as incidence of retained components (combined: 8.1%, staged: 7.7%, p = 1.00) were comparable between both groups. While postoperative incidence of infections (p = 0.52), neurological events (p = 0.47), and acute kidney injury (p = 0.44) did not differ, staged patients suffered more often from primary graft dysfunction with temporary mechanical assistance (combined: 20.0%, staged: 40.5%, p = 0.03). Consecutively, stay on intensive care unit (p = 0.02) was prolonged and transfusions of red blood cells (p = 0.15) and plasma (p = 0.06) as well as re-thoracotomy for thoracic bleeding complications (p = 0.10) were numerically increased in this group. However, we did not observe any differences in postoperative survival.
Conclusion Presence of CIEPD is common in HTx patients. However, the extraction strategy of CIEPD most likely did not affect postoperative morbidity and mortality except primary graft dysfunction. Especially, retained components, blood transfusions, and infective complications are not correlated to the timing of CIEPD removal.
Screening for Substance Use Disorders during Pregnancy: A Decision at the Intersection of Racial and Reproductive Justice
Authors: Kravitz Elizabeth , Suh Michelle , Russell Matthew , Ojeda Andres , Levison Judy , McKinney Jennifer 
Published: December 2021

Objective: Improve racial equity with routine universal drug screening / Study Design: Commentary on the medicolegal and social history of the United States and the field of obstetrics and gynecology regarding drug screening policy / Results: Critical aspects to inform an equitable drug screening policy include (1) racial bias and stigma related to substance use, (2) the legislative history surrounding substance use during pregnancy, (3) the relationship between substance use and mass incarceration which disproportionately affects persons of color, (4) propensity toward punitive measures for Black mothers with substance use, including termination of parental rights, (5) the role of the medical field in fostering mistrust among our patients / Conclusion: new practices in screening for substance use during pregnancy are needed.
Key Points