bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing different sample collection and storage methods for field‐based skin microbiome research
Authors: Manus Melissa B. , Kuthyar Sahana , Perroni‐Marañón Ana Gabriela , de la Mora Alejandra Núñez‐ , Amato Katherine R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe skin, as well as its microbial communities, serves as the primary interface between the human body and the surrounding environment. In order to implement the skin microbiome into human biology research, there is a need to explore the effects of different sample collection and storage methodologies, including the feasibility of conducting skin microbiome studies in field settings.MethodsWe collected 99 skin microbiome samples from nine infants living in Veracruz, Mexico using a dual‐tipped “dry” swab on the right armpit, palm, and forehead and a “wet” swab (0.15 M NaCl and 0.1% Tween 20) on the same body parts on the left side of the body. One swab from each collection method was stored in 95% ethanol while the other was frozen at −20°C. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing generated data on bacterial diversity and community composition, which were analyzed using PERMANOVA, linear mixed effects models, and an algorithm‐based classifier.ResultsTreatment (wet_ethanol, wet_freezer, dry_ethanol, and dry_freezer) had an effect (~10% explanatory power) on the bacterial community diversity and composition of skin samples, although body site exhibited a stronger effect (~20% explanatory power). Within treatments, the collection method (wet vs. dry) affected measures of bacterial diversity to a greater degree than did the storage method (ethanol vs. freezer).ConclusionsOur study provides novel information on skin microbiome sample collection and storage methods, suggesting that ethanol storage is suitable for research in resource‐limited settings. Our results highlight the need for future study design to account for interbody site microbial variation.
The Role of Perioperative Hypothermia in the Development of Surgical Site Infection: A Systematic Review
Authors: Öner Cengiz Hatice , Uçar Serpil , Yilmaz Meryem 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTSurgical patients may experience inadvertent perioperative hypothermia, a condition that can cause a variety of complications, including surgical site infection (SSI). The authors of this systematic review used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Protocols guidelines to examine the role of perioperative hypothermia in the development of SSI. The authors searched the PubMed, Cumulative Index Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect databases for eligible articles published between January 2008 and November 2018 and identified seven studies that met the inclusion criteria. The results of this review indicate that the relationship between hypothermia and SSI is closely related to the type of the surgical intervention performed (eg, emergent, colorectal), and that severe hypothermia (eg, <35.0° C [95.0° F]) can increase the risk of developing an SSI. Perioperative nurses should monitor patients for inadvertent hypothermia and prevent its occurrence when possible.
Clinical Issues—March 2021
Authors: Anderson Mary Alice , Ogg Mary J. 
Published: March 2021

THIS MONTH
Surgical patients with glycemic controller devices and insulin pumps
Key words: glycemic controller, insulin, insulin pump, glucose monitoring, blood glucose level.
Using leftover IV fluids to clean the surgical incision site after closure
Key words: IV fluid, sterile field, infection, contamination.
A certified surgical first assistant’s scope of practice after obtaining RN licensure
Key words: scope of practice, certified surgical first assistant, RN first assistant (RNFA), license.
Using instruments outside the scope of the manufacturer’s instructions for use
Key words: instructions for use (IFU), instrument, manufacturer, risk.
Transferring patients from a prone position on the OR bed to a supine position on the stretcher
Key words: patient transfer, positioning device, repositioning, alignment, prone.
Functional connectivity density alterations in middle‐age retinal detachment patients
Authors: Shao Yi , Yang Lin , Zhu Pei‐Wen , Su Ting , Zhou Xue‐Zhi , Li Biao , Shi Wen‐Qing , Lin Qi , Min You‐Lan , Yuan Qing , Ye Lei , Zhou Qiong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveMiddle‐age patients with retinal detachment (RD) exhibit a loss of visual information, and previous studies of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have demonstrated abnormal spontaneous activity in the RD brain. Therefore, this study assessed changes in local functional connectivity density (lFCD) and long‐range functional connectivity density (longFCD) in middle‐age RD patients during resting‐state FC.MethodsIn total, 32 middle‐age patients with RD (18 men and 14 women), and 32 age‐, sex‐, and education‐matched normal controls (NCs) (18 men and 14 women) were recruited and underwent functional magnetic resonance examination in the resting state. Two‐sample t test was performed to compare lFCD and longFCD between groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to distinguish middle‐age RD patients from NCs.ResultsCompared with NCs, middle‐age RD patients demonstrated increased lFCD values in the right inferior temporal gyrus, and increased longFCD values in the bilateral inferior frontal gyri, left superior and middle frontal gyrus, bilateral inferior temporal gyri, and left cerebellum posterior lobe. Middle‐age RD patient exhibited decreased lFCD values in the left cuneus, right lingual gyrus, and left middle frontal gyrus. They also had lower longFCD values in the left lingual gyrus and left inferior occipital gyrus. ROC curve analysis showed excellent accuracy of the specific areas under the curve.ConclusionOur results reveal that middle‐age RD patients exhibited variations of binarized lFCD and longFCD in specific brain areas, which provides insight into the pathological mechanism of RD patients with acute visual loss.
Clinical outcomes of percutaneous debulking of tricuspid valve endocarditis in intravenous drug users
Authors: Akhtar Yasir N. , Walker William A. , Shakur Umar , Smith Gary , Husnain Syed S. , Adigun Shade F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectivesA retrospective case series of a percutaneous approach to debulk tricuspid valve endocarditis (TVE) using an 8 French mechanical aspiration system in patients with a history of intravenous drug use (IVDU) was reported. IVDU associated TVE is increasing in the United States and is associated with high mortality despite early surgical debridement. Patients with advanced disease, shock, and respiratory failure may not be candidates for surgical debridement or replacement. These patients have recurrent events despite medical therapyMethodsAbout 25 patients with IVDU associated TVE with persistent bacteremia confirmed by repeat blood cultures after 72 hr of sensitivity directed antibiotics and presence of pulmonary emboli confirmed by computed tomographic (CT) scan, who had undergone percutaneous aspiration were included. Patients were all deemed high risk for surgical debridement by a CT surgeon and evaluated by an infectious disease consultant. Procedures were performed under moderate sedation with intracardiac echo and a steerable guide with a CAT8 Penumbra aspiration catheter.ResultsThere were no intraprocedural deaths or complications. About 36% had septic shock on presentation. Survival of index hospitalization was 88%. Repeat blood cultures showed no growth on all surviving patients. Readmission rate was 4% (n = 1) at 1 month. About 40% (n = 2) patients with septic shock survived at 1 month compared with 100% survival (n = 20) in those without shock. Presence of septic shock was associated with reduced survival at 1 month (p < .01).ConclusionPercutaneous mechanical aspiration with an 8 Fr system is a feasible, minimally invasive alternative to surgical debulking. Mortality remains high in those presenting with septic shock. Further studies are needed to evaluate long‐term outcomes.
TheKLestimator for the inverse Gaussian regression model
Authors: Lukman Adewale F. , Algamal Zakariya Y. , Kibria B. M. Golam , Ayinde Kayode 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMulticollinearity poses an undesirable effect on the efficiency of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) in both Gaussian and non‐Gaussian regression models. The ridge and the Liu estimators have been developed as an alternative to the MLE. Both estimators possess smaller mean squared error (MSE) over the MLE. Recently, Kibria and Lukman developed KL estimator, which was found to outperform the ridge and the Liu estimators in the linear regression model. With this expectation, we developed the KL estimator for the inverse Gaussian regression model. We compare the proposed estimator's performance with some existing estimators in terms of theoretical comparison, the simulation study, and real‐life application. Smaller MSE criterion shows that the proposed estimator with one of its shrinkage parameter performs the best.
A low‐error, memory‐based fast binary antilogarithmic converter
Authors: Guna Sekhar Sai Harsha L. , Jammu Bhaskara Rao , Samoju Visweswara Rao , Veeramachaneni Sreehari , Mohammad S Noor 
Published: March 2021

SummaryThe ever‐increasing need for high‐performance signal processing blocks in avionics, machine learning (ML), IoT, neural networks, etc., has made the logarithmic arithmetic's as the front runner in advanced processors. The complex arithmetic operations such as multiplication and division can be easily performed in the logarithmic domain as they become addition and subtraction operations, respectively. However, the challenge is to perform the logarithmic and anti‐logarithmic conversions and to optimize the trade‐off between hardware complexity and accuracy. In this work, we propose a 32‐bit antilogarithmic converter, for/using Mitchell's algorithm. The obtained results are corrected using the weighted average method. The correction terms are stored and selected using 32 × 8 ROM to decreases the computational speed and hardware complexity of the antilogarithmic converter. The proposed antilogarithmic converter has a maximum error percentage of 1.199%, which is 6.147% for Mitchell's algorithm while maintaining the hardware metrics close to Mitchell's algorithm.
A wideband 0.9–2.4 GHz 25 W high‐efficiency Gallium Nitride radio frequency power amplifier
Authors: Rashid Tanghid B. , Song Heather 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this work, a 0.9–2.4 GHz, 25 W output power, radio frequency (RF) power amplifier based on Class‐E switchmode topology has been analyzed. A load‐pull simulation method is used to optimize the power performance in the operating band. To design input and output matching networks an optimized low pass filter network was used. Simulated results of the power amplifier (PA) demonstrate wideband behavior which covers a 0.9–2.4 GHz band with an efficiency of 25%–78%, an output power of 25 W (44 dBm), and an average gain of 17 dB. The designed PA provides attractive features associated with a wider band, high gain, and efficiency, which makes it a proper candidate for the mobile transmitter and cellular infrastructure applications.
“It is not a scientific number it is just a feeling”: Populating a multi‐dimensional end‐of‐life decision framework using deliberative methods
Authors: Coast Joanna , Bailey Cara , Canaway Alastair , Kinghorn Philip 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe capability approach is potentially valuable for economic evaluation at the end of life because of its conceptualization of wellbeing as freedom and the potential for capturing outcomes for those at end of life and those close to persons at the end of life. For decision making, however, this information needs to be integrated into current evaluation paradigms. This research explored weights for an integrated economic evaluation framework using a deliberative approach. Twelve focus groups were held (38 members of the public, 29 “policy makers,” seven hospice volunteers); budget pie tasks were completed to generate weights. Constant comparison was used to analyze qualitative data, exploring principles behind individuals' weightings. Average weights elicited from members of the general population and policy makers for the importance that should be given to close persons (vs. patients) were very similar, at around 30%. A “sliding scale” of weights between health gain and the capability for a good death resulted from the policy maker and volunteer groups, with increasing weight given to the capability for a good death as the trajectory got closer to death. These weights can be used in developing a more comprehensive framework for economic evaluation at end of life.
Hall current impacts on unsteady MHD free convective flow past an infinite vertical porous surface
Authors: Nandalur Ameer Ahammad 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this paper, the magnetohydrodynamic free convective flow of an incompressible electrically conducting fluid over a vertical plate embedded in a porous medium is considered. A homogeneous transverse magnetic field is applied in the presence of a heat source and chemical reaction in a rotating frame, taking Hall current effects into account. The momentum equations for the fluid flow in a porous medium were determined by Brinkman modeling. At the undisturbed state, both the plate and fluid have an rigid body rotation due to the constant angular velocity, perpendicular to the infinite vertical plane surface. The vertical surface is subject to the homogeneous constant suction and the heat on the surface vary by time about a nonzero constant rate whereas the temperature of free stream is engaged to be constant. The accurate solutions for the velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions were acquired systematically using the perturbation method. The consequences of an assortment of governing flow parameters on the velocity, temperature, and concentration were analyzed through graphical profiles. The computational results for the skin friction, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number in a tabular format were also examined.
A modified suprasternal approach in transthoracic echocardiography for isolated left upper partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection: Hard to diagnose, easy to miss
Authors: Zor Ayşegül Karahan , Beşikçi Resmiye , Aydıner Ömer 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundIsolated left upper partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) via the innominate vein to the right atrium is a rare congenital anomaly. This study was undertaken to determine the efficacy of a modified suprasternal view in transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) for the detection of left upper PAPVC.MethodsAfter the incidental diagnosis of left upper PAPVC in our first patient in 2008, we added a modified suprasternal view to all TTEs performed in our pediatric cardiology clinic. This was obtained by tilting the tail of the probe 30‐450 towards the right shoulder of the patient during suprasternal long axis view for a better visualization of the innominate vein.ResultsAmong 7200 patients who underwent TTEs between 2008 and 2020, we identified 13 patients with left upper PAPVC into the innominate vein. All were asymptomatic children with normal cardiac chambers and no accompanying congenital disorders. In 10 cases, diagnoses were confirmed by multi‐slice computerized tomography, whereas one patient underwent catheterization for confirmation.ConclusionIsolated left upper PAPVC to the innominate vein is a rare congenital disorder that can be present in asymptomatic children with normal cardiac chambers. TTE, with a modified approach in suprasternal long axis view, has a high diagnostic value in the detection of this condition.
MicroRNA analysis from acute to convalescence in Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever
Authors: Arslan Serdal , Bayyurt Burcu , Engin Aynur , Bakir Mehmet 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCrimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is one of the most important viral infections and is caused by Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus (CCHFV). Severity of CCHF can vary from a mild and nonspecific illness to a severe disease with fatal outcomes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have an increasing impact on the different pathways of viral infections. Within the transition process from acute phase to convalescence with 18 CCHF patients, we investigated the impacts on miRNA via microarray for the first time. We also compared miRNA gene expression in 16 severe and 15 mild cases. We identified Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) pathways associated with significant miRNAs utilizing DIANA TOOLS mirPath v.3. In this study, miR‐15b‐5p and miR‐29a‐3p were significantly downregulated in statistical terms; miR‐4741, miR‐937‐5p, miR‐6068, miR‐7110‐5p, miR‐6126, and miR‐7107‐5p were upregulated in acute cases in comparison with convalescent patients (p ≤ .05). In total, 28 miRNAs (8 downregulated, 20 upregulated) were differentially expressed in severe CCHF patients as compared with mild cases (p ≤ .05). Whereas miR‐6732‐3p, miR‐4436b‐5p, miR‐483‐3p, and miR‐6807‐5p had the highest downregulation, miR‐532‐5p, miR‐142‐5p, miR‐29c‐3p, and let‐7f‐5p had the highest upregulation in severe patients in comparison with mild cases. Consequently, we determined that CCHF‐induced miRNAs are associated with antiviral and proinflammatory pathways in acute and severe cases. In comparison with convalescence, these miRNAs in acute period may be therapeutic targets.
Capillary electrophoretic method for the simultaneous determination of nitrate, nitrite and bromate ions in some selected plants
Authors: Tembo Zebron Nchimunya , Aygun Seker Fatma 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDTeas and traditional herbs are taken as health remedies in most cultures worldwide. Plants often used in the manufacture of teas and herbal remedies can comprise carcinogenic contaminates, such as nitrates, nitrites and bromate ions. In the present study, a quick method was applied for the simultaneous determination of nitrate (NO3−), nitrite (NO2−) and bromate (BrO3−) ions in some selected plants and tea samples using capillary electrophoresis and a Box–Behnken response surface design for method optimization.RESULTSOptimal conditions of 60 mmol L–1 phosphate buffer solution at pH 3.5, a capillary temperature of 40 °C, applied voltage of −22.5 kV, total capillary length of 61.5 cm (effective length 53.5 cm) with capillary internal diameter of 50 μm, and an injection pressure of 50 mbar for 30 s were selected. The limits of detection for nitrate, bromate and nitrite were 0.49, 1.25 and 0.11 mg L−1, whereas linearity values were determined as 0.998, 0.996 and 0.999, respectively.CONCLUSIONA quick and easy applicable method was developed and the detection of the anions was achievable within 6 min of analysis. From the studied samples (cherry stalk, a dry mixed herbal tea; cherry stalk, dry sticks; dry pomegranate flower; dry olive leaves; and black tea), dry pomegranate flower (13.10 ± 0.62 mg L−1) and cherry stalk, dry mix herbal tea (13.10 ± 0.62 mg L−1) had the highest nitrate content. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
A learning health systems approach to integrating electronic patient‐reported outcomes across the health care organization
Authors: Austin Elizabeth J. , LeRouge Cynthia , Lee Jenney R. , Segal Courtney , Sangameswaran Savitha , Heim Joseph , Lober William B. , Hartzler Andrea L. , Lavallee Danielle C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionFoundational to a learning health system (LHS) is the presence of a data infrastructure that can support continuous learning and improve patient outcomes. To advance their capacity to drive patient‐centered care, health systems are increasingly looking to expand the electronic capture of patient data, such as electronic patient‐reported outcome (ePRO) measures. Yet ePROs bring unique considerations around workflow, measurement, and technology that health systems may not be poised to navigate. We report on our effort to develop generalizable learnings that can support the integration of ePROs into clinical practice within an LHS framework.MethodsGuided by action research methodology, we engaged in iterative cycles of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting around ePRO use with two primary goals: (1) mobilize an ePRO community of practice to facilitate knowledge sharing, and (2) establish guidelines for ePRO use in the context of LHS practice. Multiple, emergent data collection activities generated generalizable guidelines that document the tangible best practices for ePRO use in clinical care. We organized guidelines around thematic areas that reflect LHS structures and stakeholders.ResultsThree core thematic areas (and 24 guidelines) emerged. The theme of governance reflects the importance of leadership, knowledge management, and facilitating organizational learning around best practice models for ePRO use. The theme of integration considers the intersection of workflow, technology, and human factors for ePROs across areas of care delivery. Lastly, the theme of reporting reflects critical considerations for curating data and information, designing system functions and interactions, and presentation of ePRO data to support the translation of knowledge to action.ConclusionsThe guidelines produced from this work highlight the complex, multidisciplinary nature of implementing change within LHS contexts, and the value of action research approaches to enable rapid, iterative learning that leverages the knowledge and experience of communities of practice.
A Multi‐Functional and Rapid Responsive Photochromic Hydrogel for UV Indicators
Authors: Hu Wei , Ejeromedoghene Onome , Xia Yunfei , Fu Guodong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUltraviolet rays can cause serious damage to the skin and eyes, and in severe cases, it may lead to skin cancer. Therefore, the prediction, real‐time monitoring, and protection of ultraviolet rays is an important aspect of scientific research. Herein, a novel photochromic hydrogel is developed by using acrylic acid (AA) and 2‐(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) as the cross‐linking agent for hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with the addition of microcrystalline 2,2‐diphenyl‐2H‐naphtho[1,2‐b] pyran‐6‐carbaldehyde (NP) for the real‐time monitoring and protection against ultraviolet rays. The binding mechanism of AA and DMAEMA is predicted using density functional theory (DFT). Also, the designed photochromic hydrogels exhibit excellent properties of pH and temperature sensitivity, rapid responsiveness, self‐healing, pressure resistance, high transparency, and electrical conductivity. The optical performance indicate that the photochromic hydrogel has a fast response to ultraviolet rays with color change occurring in 0.5 s and maximum color development in 5 s. In addition, the hydrogels show excellent compression resistance, and their residual stress decrease by only 0.85% after five cycles of compression. Therefore, it is hypothesized that the multi‐induction of these soft photochromic hydrogels could be applied in wearable devices, information storage equipment, display devices, and light printing.
Nazarov‐Elektrocyclisierung: neue Twists für eine Lehrbuchreaktion
Authors: Reiners Felix , Didier Dorian 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSeit ihrer Entdeckung ist die Nazarov‐Reaktion modifiziert, erweitert und verbessert worden. Inzwischen ist sie ein anpassungsfähiges Werkzeug, das sich besonders zum Aufbau benachbarter quaternärer Stereozentren und für die Totalsynthese eignet.
Vom Auftrag bis zum Versand
Authors: Richerzhagen Björn , Reiff Ellen‐Christine 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUm die eigene Tätigkeit und Prozesse im Unternehmen genau zu beschreiben, helfen gemeinsame Modellierungssprachen für Administration, IT und Fertigung. Sind die Abläufe vom Auftragseingang über die Fertigung bis zum Warenausgang bekannt, lassen sich Produktionsabläufe optimieren.