bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The regulating effects and mechanism of biochar and maifanite on copper and cadmium in a polluted soil-Lolium perenne L. system
Authors: Ding Yuan , Wang Weiya , Ao Shiying 
Published: August 2021

Arable land polluted by copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) is a widespread problem. The use of biochar and/or clay mineral as a soil amendment can effectively solidify heavy metals in the soil. We applied biochar (BC), iron modified biochar (Fe-BC), maifanite (MF, a kind of clay minerals), a combination of BC with MF (BC:MF), and Fe-BC with MF (Fe-BC:MF) at a 2 wt % dose as soil amendments to study their ability to prevent Cu and Cd from accumulating in ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). We found that after 90 days of cultivation, the Cd and Cu content both significantly decreased in ryegrass shoots from 2.06 and 209.3 mg kg−1 (control) to 1.44–2.01 and 51.50–70.92 mg kg−1, respectively, across treatments (p < 0.05). Similarly, the bioconcentration factor (BCF) for Cd/Cu was significantly smaller (P < 0.05) in all amendments versus control soil. This trend differed among the shoot, BCF, and transportation factor (TF). Combining BC:MF or Fe-BC:MF did not significantly improve the Cd/Cu stabilization in the soil compared to the corresponding single amendment (p > 0.05). Our adsorption balance experiment showed that BC, Fe-BC, and MF physically and chemically adsorbed Cd and Cu by complexation with functional groups (mesoporous nanomaterials) whose porosity measurements ranged from 0.68 to 78.57 m2 g−1. Furthermore, the amorphous crystalline iron oxide binding Cd and Cu was the key to immobilizing these metals in the soil. The amendments applied in our study show promise for enhancing immobilization of Cu and Cd in contaminated paddy soils.
Gender Role in Agricultural Technology: A Case of Rural Bangladesh
Authors: Kabir Md. Shajahan , Islam Md. Monjurul , Morshed Monzur , Hussain Shakawath , Akther Rahima 
Published: August 2021

This study analyzed the gender role in agricultural activities with respect to the change of technologies and determine their implications for improvement of household status in Netrokona district. The study followed the simple random sampling technique to select 300 sample respondents for household survey through the semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis such as, number and percentages, was used. Multiple regressions used in order to explore the relationship between the income and other factors. Both qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques were utilized. Women perception index (WPI) was measured using rank ordered approach. The findings showed that there has been significant change occurred with the livestock rearing activities which are 116.79% after adoption in new technology. According to this study, male are involved in decision making in the following activities as reported by the respondents: sale of produce (84%), purchase and repair (78%), weed control (70%), land preparation (76%), spraying (65%) and planting (51%), where women respondents reported that they are mostly involves in harvesting 89%, processing 81%, manuring 48% and weed control 59%. Our research also shows that 78% and 73% of men have owned small equipment and thresher, Ox-plough, and power tiller where women own only 21 percent, 2 percent, and 5 percent respectively. It is evident that the perception regarding farming with adoption of new technology attain highest score and 2nd highest ranked perception is technical training on technology, similarly the 3rd ranked occupied is adoption in HYV where last rank score on use of indigenous technology. It means that most of them prefer modern technology in terms of productivity. The experience on modern technology of respondents has a positive coefficient and it was 0.492. Given these facts, our research has explained what keeps women’s rates of modern agricultural technology adoption low.
Coffee Processing Wastewater Management: An Overview
Authors: Gururaj Asha , Kumar B. Manoj , Achyuth K. N. , Manoj B. R. 
Published: August 2021

Globally, one amongst the major agro-based industry contributing significantly is Coffee. Coffee growing estates use water for pulping and the wastewater generated from coffee pulping activity is generally discharged to the water bodies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of effluents from traditional wet coffee processing plants on the water quality. Coffee fruits are processed by two methods, wet and dry process. The wet processing produces a drink of higher quality and has the advantage of reducing the drying space area and time required. However, this preparation step generates high volume of coffee wastewater as it involves utilizing large volumes of water with concurrent generation of wastewater. Throughout wet processing, coffee fruits generate enormous quantities of high strength wastewater. The so generated wastewater is characterized by high concentrations of organic matter, low pH, nutrients, suspended matter associated with odor and dark color with high chemical oxygen demand and biochemical oxygen demand requiring systematic treatment before disposal. The inadequate disposal of the coffee wastewater into environment directly without proper management and handling will pose aa pollution risk to receiving water body. Efforts have made by various researchers to evolve an alternative method for the treatment of coffee pulping waste and the same is discussed in this paper.
Perspectives of Teachers on Challenges of Teaching in Deaf Schools, Afghanistan
Authors: Sanaiy Gul Dad , Khavari Murtaza , Qanbari Sayed Yasin 
Published: August 2021

Aims: this study aims to investigate teachers ’perceptions about the challenges of teaching in deaf schools in Kabul city, Afghanistan.
Study Design: This study was describing the status of Deaf schools in Kabul. For gathering information used questionnaire.
Place and Duration of Study: Sample: teachers participated from three deaf schools across Kabul city. Between September 2020 and June 2021.
Methodology: We included 74 (33 men, 41 women). Data was collected through a questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS software. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.83%. T-test and ANOVA tests were used to analyze data.
Results: Results showed there was a significant difference between male and female teachers with challenges of teaching. There were no significant differences among specialist and non-specialist teachers, and experience of teaching with challenges of teaching.
Conclusion: there were four factors (students, teachers, content, and physical environment) that influence challenges of teaching.
A Clinical Trial on the Glycemic Index of Nutritional Product for Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Hung Nguyen Trong , Hang Le Thi , Phuong Tran Thi Tra , Anh Nguyen Thi Diep , Hien Vu Thi Thu , Thuy Bui Thi , Huyen Ngo Thi Thu , Huy Dinh Tran Ngoc , Nhung Le Thi Tuyet , Thoan Nguyen Van , Mai Truong Tuyet , Truong Nguyen Hong , Tuyen Le Danh 
Published: August 2021

In the world as well as in Vietnam, diabetes have shown bad effects and there is increasing number of deaths over years because of diabetes as one of three leading causes of deaths. Penalver et al (2016) stated to achieve good metabolic control in diabetes and keep long term, a combination of changes in lifestyle and pharmacological treatment is necessary.
The type of food tested was Nutritional product (Vietnam). Nutritional product solution with 83.3g diluted in 390 ml water. The food-to-water ratio followed the processing instruction from the manufacturer.
In this study we discover a low GI of nutritional product, as of (48.2 ± 5.3). And also, we found out there is decrease (slow) of responses of mean blood glucose (Nutritional product) after 90 minutes (4.7 mmol/L) till 120 minutes (4.3 mmol/L). As we conduct this paper with younger subjects, comparing to older people, they can regulate blood sugar better.
Finally, we also compare to other previous studies for literature review.
Evaluating the Effect of Complete Dentures on Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders Analyzed by Craniomandibular Index in Completely Edentulous Patients- A Study Protocol
Authors: Nimonkar Sharayu , Godbole Surekha , Belkhode Vikram , Nimonkar Pranali 
Published: August 2021

Background: A Temporo-mandibular disorder (TMD) itself is a cumulative terminology used to indicate the situations which entails the pain alone or in association with dysfunction of the Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with or without involving the associated structures. One of the main cause of developing TMD is the loss of tooth. The completely edentulous patients also have reported high prevalence of TMD as in dentulous patients.
Methods: It is a prospective interventional study that will be carried out in three years. The sample size will be those completely edentulous subjects, who has not used dentures for a duration of six months to five years of tooth extraction. Such subjects will then be subjected to anamnestic component of Helkimos Index for screening purpose.110 subjects exhibiting mild to severe signs and symptoms of Temporomandibular disorders will be considered as the study participants for the study. Study participants will be categorized as Group A (study participants having mild symptoms of TMD, n=55) and the second will be Group B (study participaants having severe symptoms of TMD, n=55). The Craniomandibular Index will be used to score the severity of the TMD before denture insertion. The initial recorded score will be then correlated with the score obtained after 3 months of delivery of denture. Descriptive as well as analytical statistics will be performed. The statistical relevance among the Group A and Group B before intervention and after 3months of intervention will be assessed at p<0.05.
Discussion: Through the study results we anticipate a fall in CMI score i.e improvement by lowering the intensity of TMD due to intervention by complete dentures in completely edentulous subjects. In case the above Hypothesis is not proved, then prevalence of TMD among patients who are completely edentulous needs to be anticipated with the factors such as anatomical or pathological diversities in TMJ and not to be associated with changes in vertical dimensions because of teeth loss.
Children's emotion recognition and aggression: A multi‐cohort longitudinal study
Authors: Acland Erinn L. , Jambon Marc , Malti Tina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDifficulty recognizing negative emotions (NEs) in children is linked to increased antisocial traits and externalizing problems. However, crucial aspects of this relation remain unclear, such as: whether NE recognition is associated with externalizing problems in general or only a particular subcomponent (i.e., aggression); whether subcomponents of NE recognition (i.e., insensitivity and misspecifications) are relatively more important; and how these relations change over the course of development. We assessed emotion recognition, overt aggression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms in an ethnically diverse sample of Canadian children (N = 150; 4‐year‐olds, N = 148; 8‐year‐olds) and followed up with them 1 year later (86.9% retention). Emotion recognition was assessed using a behavioral task and caregivers reported on children's externalizing symptoms. Children with lower NE recognition had higher initial, but not subsequent, overt aggression, even when controlling for nonaggressive externalizing symptoms (i.e., ADHD and ODD symptoms). NE recognition was not concurrently or longitudinally associated with nonaggressive externalizing symptoms. Age and gender did not moderate these findings. Both higher NE insensitivity (e.g., reporting a sad face appears neutral) and misspecifications (e.g., reporting a sad face appears angry) were significantly associated with higher concurrent overt aggression. In conclusion, both NE insensitivity and misspecifications were found to be uniquely important for children's overt aggression. These findings highlight the importance of different forms of NE recognition and differentiating between aggressive and nonaggressive externalizing problems in children.
A 3D Bioprinted In Vitro Model of Pulmonary Artery Atresia to Evaluate Endothelial Cell Response to Microenvironment
Authors: Tomov Martin L. , Perez Lilanni , Ning Liqun , Chen Huang , Jing Bowen , Mingee Andrew , Ibrahim Sahar , Theus Andrea S. , Kabboul Gabriella , Do Katherine , Bhamidipati Sai Raviteja , Fischbach Jordan , McCoy Kevin , Zambrano Byron A. , Zhang Jianyi , Avazmohammadi Reza , Mantalaris Athanasios , Lindsey Brooks D. , Frakes David , Dasi Lakshmi Prasad , Serpooshan Vahid , Bauser‐Heaton Holly 
Published: August 2021

AbstractVascular atresia are often treated via transcatheter recanalization or surgical vascular anastomosis due to congenital malformations or coronary occlusions. The cellular response to vascular anastomosis or recanalization is, however, largely unknown and current techniques rely on restoration rather than optimization of flow into the atretic arteries. An improved understanding of cellular response post anastomosis may result in reduced restenosis. Here, an in vitro platform is used to model anastomosis in pulmonary arteries (PAs) and for procedural planning to reduce vascular restenosis. Bifurcated PAs are bioprinted within 3D hydrogel constructs to simulate a reestablished intervascular connection. The PA models are seeded with human endothelial cells and perfused at physiological flow rate to form endothelium. Particle image velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics modeling show close agreement in quantifying flow velocity and wall shear stress within the bioprinted arteries. These data are used to identify regions with greatest levels of shear stress alterations, prone to stenosis. Vascular geometry and flow hemodynamics significantly affect endothelial cell viability, proliferation, alignment, microcapillary formation, and metabolic bioprofiles. These integrated in vitro–in silico methods establish a unique platform to study complex cardiovascular diseases and can lead to direct clinical improvements in surgical planning for diseases of disturbed flow.
Multiple Heterojunction System of Boron Nitride‐Graphene/Black Phosphorene as Highly Efficient Solar Cell
Authors: Zeng Jian , Xu Liang , Dong Kejun , Yang Kai , Wang Ling‐Ling 
Published: August 2021

AbstractExcitonic solar cell (XSC) based on 2D materials has attracted widespread attention. Using first‐principles calculations, XSC with high theoretical power conversion efficiency of around 21.3% formed by the combination of 2D cross‐linked hexagonal boron nitride‐graphene (BN‐GR) and black phosphorene (BP) is rationally designed in this work. The good visible‐light response, small conduction band offset, as well as the suitable band‐gap (1.41 eV) of electron donor (BN‐GR) lay the foundation for the excellent photoelectric conversion performance of the BN‐GR/BP heterojunction. More importantly, it is found that the substrate (BN‐GR) with different composition can drive uneven interlayer charge transfer in the BN‐GR/BP heterojunction, resulting in the formation of an obvious electron–hole puddle at the heterojunction interface. This forms a lateral discharge functional optoelectronic device in addition to the vertical direction, which may even be a new development direction for electronic energy storage devices in the future.
Substrate‐Adatom Interface Engineering of Transition Metal Decorated Boron‐Doped Graphene Sheet for Enhanced Adsorption of Xe and Kr – A Systematic Ab initio Study
Authors: Pazhedath Anees 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEfficient adsorption and segregation of Xe and Kr gases are of high importance in commercial and nuclear industries. Systematic ab initio calculations reveal that transition‐metal (TM) decorated boron‐doped graphene (BDG‐TM) sheet can act as an efficient substrate for adsorptive capture of Xe and Kr (adatoms). Substantial enhancement in the adsorption energy is obtained on BDG‐TM substrates, and it varies as BDG‐Cu > BDG‐Ni > BDG‐Fe > BDG‐Zn. The improvement is approximately four times that of the pristine BDG and twice that of the conventional metallic substrates. TM‐decoration alters the charge distribution at the substrate‐adatom interface, which brings a considerable change in the polarization and induced dipole moment of adatom, leading to significant improvement in the . Partial density of states analysis shows a splitting and significant interaction of Xe‐p with TM‐d orbitals near the Fermi level of Fe, Ni, and Cu decorated systems, unveiling strong adsorption. Further, the effect of clustering and dispersion of Cu atoms on are analyzed using a first‐principle‐based genetic algorithm, which reveals that clustering of Cu atoms deteriorates the of Xe and Kr. Thus, for experimental realization, a BDG sheet with uniformly dispersed fine Cu particles is proposed as a substrate.
Leucine‐Rich Glioma‐Inactivated 1 versus Contactin‐Associated Protein‐like 2 Antibody Neuropathic Pain: Clinical and Biological Comparisons
Authors: Ramanathan Sudarshini , Tseng Mandy , Davies Alexander J. , Uy Christopher E. , Paneva Sofija , Mgbachi Victor C. , Michael Sophia , Varley James A. , Binks Sophie , Themistocleous Andreas C. , Fehmi Janev , Anziska Yaacov , Soni Anushka , Hofer Monika , Waters Patrick , Brilot Fabienne , Dale Russell C. , Dawes John , Rinaldi Simon , Bennett David L. , Irani Sarosh R. 
Published: August 2021

Pain is a under‐recognized association of leucine‐rich glioma‐inactivated 1 (LGI1) and contactin‐associated protein‐like 2 (CASPR2) antibodies. Of 147 patients with these autoantibodies, pain was experienced by 17 of 33 (52%) with CASPR2‐ versus 20 of 108 (19%) with LGI1 antibodies (p = 0.0005), and identified as neuropathic in 89% versus 58% of these, respectively. Typically, in both cohorts, normal nerve conduction studies and reduced intraepidermal nerve fiber densities were observed in the sampled patient subsets. In LGI1 antibody patients, pain responded to immunotherapy (p = 0.008), often rapidly, with greater residual patient‐rated impairment observed in CASPR2 antibody patients (p = 0.019). Serum CASPR2 antibodies, but not LGI1 antibodies, bound in vitro to unmyelinated human sensory neurons and rodent dorsal root ganglia, suggesting pathophysiological differences that may underlie our clinical observations. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:683–690
Transparent nanocomposites with enhanced performances from poly(propylene carbonate) and silica
Authors: Ma Youmei , Zhang Shuling 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this study, silica nanoparticles with a refractive index matching PPC and a diameter smaller than the visible light wavelength were chosen to prepare enhanced PPC/silica nanocomposites by a simple melt compounding method. The result exhibited all the nanocomposites possessed excellent transparency (about 90%), even in the nanocomposite with a silica content of 10 wt%. For PPC/silica nanocomposites, the percolation threshold was determined to be 7.5 wt% based on the dynamic rheological behavior and percolation theory. Moreover, the overall performance of the PPC‐based nanocomposite with a silica content of 7.5% is the best. The optimal nanocomposite showed a Young's modulus of 3792 MPa, a yield strength of 46.5 MPa, a storage modulus of 3812 MPa and a highest temperature at maximum weight‐loss rate (Tmax, 309°C). These characteristics are very important for potential commodity applications of PPC.
Rotational Variance‐Based Data Augmentation in 3D Graph Convolutional Network
Authors: Kim Jihoo , Kim Yeji , Lee Eok Kyun , Chae Chong Hak , Lee Kwangho , Kim Won June , Choi Insung S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis work proposes the data augmentation by molecular rotation, with consideration that the protein‐ligand binding events are rotation‐variant. As a proof‐of‐concept, known active (i. e., 1‐labeled) ligands to human β‐secretase 1 (BACE‐1) are rotated for the generation of 0‐labeled data, and the rotation‐dependent prediction accuracy of 3D graph convolutional network (3DGCN) is investigated after data augmentation. The data augmentation makes the orientation‐recognizing ability of 3DGCN improved significantly in the classification task for BACE‐1/ligand binding. Furthermore, the data‐augmented 3DGCN has a capability for predicting active ligands from a candidate dataset, via improved performance of orientation recognition, which would be applied to virtual drug screening and discovery.
Nanoparticles in the clinic: An update post COVID‐19 vaccines
Authors: Anselmo Aaron C. , Mitragotri Samir 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNanoparticles are used in the clinic to treat cancer, resolve mineral deficiencies, image tissues, and facilitate vaccination. As a modular technology, nanoparticles combine diagnostic agents or therapeutics (e.g., elements, small molecules, biologics), synthetic materials (e.g., polymers), and biological molecules (e.g., antibodies, peptides, lipids). Leveraging these parameters, nanoparticles can be designed and tuned to navigate biological microenvironments, negotiate biological barriers, and deliver therapeutics or diagnostic agents to specific cells and tissues in the body. Recently, with the Emergency Use Authorization of the COVID‐19 lipid nanoparticle vaccines, the advantages and potential of nanoparticles as a delivery vehicle have been displayed at the forefront of biotechnology. Here, we provide a 5‐year status update on our original “Nanoparticles in the Clinic” review (also a 2‐year update on our second “Nanoparticles in the Clinic” review) by discussing recent nanoparticle delivery system approvals, highlighting new clinical trials, and providing an update on the previously highlighted clinical trials.
Metabolic engineering of Yarrowia lipolytica for the production of isoprene
Authors: Shaikh Kurshedaktar M. , Odaneth Annamma A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractYarrowia lipolytica has recently emerged as a prominent microbial host for production of terpenoids. Its robust metabolism and growth in wide range of substrates offer several advantages at industrial scale. In the present study, we investigate the metabolic potential of Y. lipolytica to produce isoprene. Sustainable production of isoprene has been attempted through engineering several microbial hosts; however, the engineering studies performed so far are challenged with low titers. Engineering of Y. lipolytica, which have inherent high acetyl‐CoA flux could fuel precursors into the biosynthesis of isoprene and thus is an approach that would offer sustainable production opportunities. The present work, therefore, explores this opportunity wherein a codon‐optimized IspS gene (single copy) of Pueraria montana was integrated into the Y. lipolytica genome. With no detectable isoprene level during the growth or stationary phase of modified strain, attempts were made to overexpress enzymes from MVA pathway. GC‐FID analyses of gas collected during stationary phase revealed that engineered strains were able to produce detectable isoprene only after overexpressing HMGR (or tHMGR). The significant role of HMGR (tHMGR) in diverting the pathway flux toward DMAPP is thus highlighted in our study. Nevertheless, the final recombinant strains overexpressing HMGR (tHMGR) along with Erg13 and IDI showed isoprene titers of ~500 μg/L and yields of ~80 μg/g. Further characterization of the recombinant strains revealed high lipid and squalene content compared to the unmodified strain. Overall, the preliminary results of our laboratory‐scale studies represent Y. lipolytica as a promising host for fermentative production of isoprene.