bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Cross Sectional Study on Knowledge and Practice Towards Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Among Health Professionals Working at Mekelle University, Mekelle Ethiopia.
Authors: Benwu Kore Menjie , Gebremedhin Hagos Gebregziabher , Etanaa Naod Bulti , Desta Haftom Berhane 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: - Quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a procedure needs to be done to save life of cardiac arrest victim. It is significant for health professionals to successfully perform such lifesaving skills that they rarely perform. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and skill towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation among health professionals working at Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital. Method: - Institution-based cross sectional-study design was applied among different level of health care provider at Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital. SPSS version 20 used for data analysis and Chi-Square test applied to determine the association between different variables. Result: - Two hundred forty-five participants were originally engaged in this study over a month with a response rate of 100%. One hundred sixty-nine (68.98%) were nurses by profession and 169 (68.9%) of the participants had work experience of fewer than five years. When the service year of the participants increases, the practice adherence to the current guideline is very apart from the participant who had less years of experience which is statically significant (chi-square = 20.888, P = 0.0004). Conclusions: - Our result demonstrates that health professionals who works at Ayder comprehensive specialized hospital had inadequate knowledge and practice for cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Esophageal Cancer: 10-Year Survival After Surgery
Authors: Kshivets Oleg 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: 10-Year survival (10YS) after radical surgery for esophageal cancer (EC) patients (ECP) (T1-4N0-2M0) was analyzed. METHODS: We analyzed data of 551 consecutive ECP (age=56.5±8.9 years; tumor size=6±3.5 cm) radically operated (R0) and monitored in 1975-2021 (m=411, f=140; esophagogastrectomies (EG) Garlock=284, EG Lewis=267, combined EG with resection of pancreas, liver, diaphragm, aorta, VCS, colon transversum, lung, trachea, pericardium, splenectomy=154; adenocarcinoma=314, squamous=227, mix=10; T1=128, T2=115, T3=181, T4=127; N0=278, N1=70, N2=203; G1=157, G2=141, G3=253; early EC=109, invasive=442; only surgery=423, adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy-AT=128: 5-FU+thymalin/taktivin+radiotherapy 45-50Gy). Multivariate Cox modeling, clustering, SEPATH, Monte Carlo, bootstrap and neural networks computing were used to determine any significant dependence.RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 1881.1±2230.6 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 52.1%, 10 years – 45.9%, 20 years – 33.7%. 184 ECP lived more than 5 years (LS=4308.7±2413.3 days), 99 ECP – more than 10 years (LS=5883±2296.6 days). 226 ECP died because of EC (LS=628.3±319.9 days). AT significantly improved 5YS (68.8% vs. 48.5%) (P=0.00025 by log-rank test). Cox modeling displayed that 10YS of ECP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) N0—N12 in terms of synergetics, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), T, G, histology, age, AT, localization, blood cells, prothrombin index, hemorrhage time, residual nitrogen, protein (P=0.000-0.021). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 10YS and PT N0—N12 (rank=1), healthy cells/CC (2), PT early-invasive EC (3), thrombocytes/CC (4), erythrocytes/CC (5), lymphocytes/CC (6), eosinophils/CC (7), stick neutrophils/CC (8), segmented neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10). leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).CONCLUSIONS: 10-Year survival after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT “early-invasive cancer”; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) Cell Ratio Factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) EC characteristics; 9) tumor localization; 10) anthropometric data; 11) surgery type. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for EC are: 1) screening and early detection of EC; 2) availability of experienced thoracoabdominal surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for ECP with unfavorable prognosis.
Osteodiscitis Post- COVID-19 Infection: A Case Series
Authors: Rezvani Majid , Zohrevand Amirhosein , Namazee Najmeh , Fallahpour Soheil , Saghaei Saeid , Yazdanian Taravat , Azimi Parisa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease. It affects almost all organs of the human body. Lumbar osteodiscitis is an infection of the vertebral body and disc. The association of COVID-19 with osteodiscitis has not been reported in the literature so far. The purpose of this study was to describe a series of four cases manifested as post-COVID-19 osteodiscitis.Case presentation: We performed a retrospective assessment of the clinical, radiological, and microbiological features of adult post-COVID-19 patients who underwent surgery for unstable lumbar osteodiscitis at our hospital. The mean age of patients was 45.8±7.8 years. All the patients were treated according to their clinical conditions through a combined surgical approach as laminectomy, facetectomy, pedicular screw insertion, and fusion. The clear causes of infection were not recognized by routine methods, and COVID-19 was the only common factor in patients in the last 6 to 8 weeks.Conclusions: This case series suggest that osteodiscitis could be one of the possible side effects after COVID-19 infection.
Expression And Clinical Significance of BIRC5 In Low-Grade Gliomas Based On Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Yang Xitong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: To screen target genes analyze the expression and mechanism of target genes in Low-grade Gliomas (LGG).Methods: LGG data were downloaded from TCGA database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by differential expression screening, protein–protein interaction (PPI) and enrichment analysis, and then the differentially immune related genes were obtained by analyzing DEGs and immune genes. The abundance of 22 leukocyte subtypes was calculated by CIBERSORT algorithm. The Hub gene constructed by PPI and the gene of prognosis model were analyzed to screen the LGG target gene. The correlation between target gene and LGG prognosis and clinical characteristics of LGG were analyzed. Results: After immunotherapy, the survival of high TMB group was significantly longer than that low TMB group, and the scores of TMB group were correlated with the age and grade of patients. PPI indicates that AURKA, BUB1, AURKB, CDC20, BIRC5, TTK, CCNB2, CDCA8, and CENPE are the hub genes of LGG. The expression level of BIRC5 in LGG tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. The expression level of BIRC5 was correlated with the age and grade of LGG patients. BIRC5 might participate in the occurrence and development of LGG through P53 pathway.Conclusion: BIRC5 can be used as LGG target gene, and its high expression in LGG indicates poor prognosis. BIRC5, as a therapeutic target of LGG, provides a new direction for immunotherapy of LGG.
Multi-model ensemble of statistically downscaled GCMs over southeastern South America: historical evaluation and future projections of daily precipitation with focus on extremes
Authors: Olmo Matias Ezequiel , Balmaceda-Huarte Rocio , Bettolli Maria Laura 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
High-resolution climate information is required over southeastern South America (SESA) for a better understanding of the observed and projected climate changes due to their strong socio-economic and hydrological impacts. Thereby, this work focuses on the construction of an unprecedented multi-model ensemble of statistically downscaled global climate models (GCMs) for daily precipitation, considering different statistical techniques - including analogs, generalized linear models and neural networks - and a variety of CMIP5 and CMIP6 models. The skills and shortcomings of the different downscaled models were identified. Most of the methods added value in the representation of the main features of daily precipitation, especially in the spatial and intra-annual variability of extremes. The statistical methods showed to be sensitive to the driver GCMs, although the ESD family choice also introduced differences in the simulations. The statistically downscaled projections depicted increases in mean precipitation associated with a rising frequency of extreme events - mostly during the warm season - following the registered trends over SESA. Change rates were consistent among downscaled models up to the middle 21st century when model spread started to emerge. Furthermore, these projections were compared to the available CORDEX-CORE RCM simulations, evidencing a consistent agreement between statistical and dynamical downscaling procedures in terms of the sign of the changes, presenting some differences in their intensity. Overall, this study evidences the potential of statistical downscaling in a changing climate and contributes to its undergoing development over SESA.
Comparative Genomics Analysis between frog Virus 3-like Ranavirus from the First Canadian Reptile Mortality Event and Similar Viruses from Amphibians
Authors: Lung Oliver , Bolaji Ayooluwa J. , Nebroski Michelle , Fisher Mat , Buchanan Cody , Kruczkiewicz Peter , Trapp Melissa , Sojonky Ken , Joseph Tomy 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Ranaviruses are emerging pathogens that threaten the biodiversity of wild and captive cold-blooded vertebrates. Reports of ranavirus-induced mortality events are increasing and ranavirus disease is reportable to the World Organization for Animal Health. Previous studies have suggested interclass transmission of ranaviruses and Frog virus 3 (FV3)-like viruses are of particular interest. This study presents the whole-genome assembly of a 106 kb FV3-like genome obtained from the liver tissue of a reptile (wild Chelydra serpentina, common snapping turtle) that died of ranavirus disease in Canada. The FV3-like ON turtle/2018 strain shares the highest genome-wide nucleotide identity (99.71%) with the wild-type FV3 virus detected in the USA from a Northern leopard frog and an FV3-like strain identified from a wood frog in 2017 in Alberta, Canada. The novel genome contains all 26 Iridoviridae core genes, 11 FV3-like genes, and 9 unique truncations, three of which are core Iridoviridae ORFs. Additionally, the two most closely related FV3-like strains from amphibians, were compared to a non-FV3-like amphibian infecting and a fish infecting ranavirus species that showed similar codon usage patterns. G/C-ending codons were the preferred codons for all five strains. Investigation of putative recombination events identified four potential recombination events in the FV3-like ON turtle/2018 genome consistent with this FV3-like reptile infecting strain originating from an amphibian infecting FV3-like ranavirus. Altogether, this study provides insights into the genome structure and the differences in the novel FV3-like genome compared to other ranavirus genomes.
Semantic Fluency Deficits and Associated Brain Activity in Parkinson’s Disease Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Yang Jihyun , McMahon Katie L , Copland David A , Pourzinal Dana , Byrne Gerard J , Angwin Anthony J , O’Sullivan John D , Dissanayaka Nadeeka 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients with poor verbal fluency have an increased risk of developing dementia. This study examines the neural mechanisms underpinning semantic fluency deficits in PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) compared to patients without MCI (PD-NC) and healthy controls (HC). Thirty-seven (37) PD patients completed a cognitive assessment battery to identify MCI (13 PD-MCI). Gender- and age-matched 20 HC also participated. Participants were scanned (3T Siemens PRISMA) whilst performing semantic fluency, semantic switching, and automatic speech tasks. The number of responses, error rate, and fMRI data for semantic generation and semantic switching were analyzed. Participants also completed a series of verbal fluency tests outside the scanner, including letter fluency. Patients with PD-MCI performed significantly worse than PD-NC and HC during semantic fluency and semantic switching tasks. Patients with PD-MCI showed greater activity in the right angular gyrus compared to PD-NC and HC during semantic switching. Increased right angular activity correlated with worse verbal fluency performance outside the scanner. Our study showed that PD-MCI patients perform more poorly on semantic fluency than either PD-NC or HC groups. Increased right angular gyrus activity in patients with PD-MCI during semantic switching suggests early compensatory mechanisms predicting the risk of future dementia in PD.
Dietary patterns and cognitive function risk in the elderly in a county of Guangxi: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Gou Ruoyu , Li You , Pang Weiyi , Mo Chunbao , Cai Jiansheng , Luo Tingyu , Mai Tingyu , Tan Dechan , He Kailian , Xiao Song , Tang Xu , Li Hongnan , Zhang Zhiyong , Qin Jian 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective: To explore the effects of changes in dietary patterns on the cognitive functions of elderly people aged 60 and above in Gongcheng County. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to study the health status of the elderly population in Gongcheng County, Guangxi. A quantitative food frequency table was used in obtaining information about eating habits, and the Chinese version of the Simple Mental State Examination Scale was used in obtaining the cognitive function score. Three main dietary patterns were obtained through factor analysis, and the significance of the main dietary structure and cognitive function was analyzed through logistic regression. Results: This study covered 1246 elderly patients, of which 221 had cognitive impairments, accounting for 17.7%. Three dietary patterns were extracted. The cereal and potato dietary model and oil tea-type dietary model had no protective effects on cognitive function (P > 0.05), whereas the vegetable and fruit-based diet pattern exerted a protective effect on cognition before and after the adjustment of potential confounding factors. This protective effect alleviated decline in cognitive function (before adjustment for confounding factors: odds ratio [OR] = 2.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.34–3.15; P < 0.05; after adjustment, OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.34–3.33, and P < 0.05). Conclusion: Traditional dietary patterns: (grain and potato dietary models and oil-tea-type dietary patterns) cannot alleviate cognitive decline. This study suggests that a specific structure of dietary habits (vegetable and fruit-based dietary patterns) can protect the elderly against cognitive decline.
NEDD4L-Induced Ubiquitination Mediated UBE2T Degradation Inhibits Progression of Lung Adenocarcinoma Via PI3K-AKT Signaling
Authors: Chen Yongbing , Hong Haihua , Wang Qingqing , Li Junqiang , Zhang Wenfeng , Chen Tingting , Li Pu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Accumulating studies have indicated that Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T (UBE2T), as an oncogene, promotes progression and metastasis of lung cancer, including lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), but it is completely unknown whether and how UBE2T is ubiquitylated and degraded, and by which E3 ligase. Methods: The relationship NEDD4L with UBE2T in LUAD tissues and cells was found by bioinformatic analyses and immunoblotting. Cell counting kit-8, colony formation assay, half-life analysis and the in vivo ubiquitylation assay, generation of xenograft model were performed to determine how NEDD4L regulates UBE2T and its downstream signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo.Results: Bioinformatic analyses found that NEDD4L, as a potential correlation E3 ligase of UBE2T, was negatively correlated with UBE2T in LUAD. Consistently, UBE2T protein half-life was shortened or extended by NEDD4L overexpression or depletion, respectively. NEDD4L against LUAD cell progression in vitro and in vivo via inducing the ubiquitination-mediated UBE2T degradation, which repressed PI3K-AKT signaling. Similarly, NEDD4L predicted a better patient survival, whereas UBE2T predicted a worse survival.Conclusions: Collectively, our study reveals that NEDD4L is a novel E3 ligase of UBE2T for targeted ubiquitination and degradation, and results in repressing PI3K-AKT signaling, which can inhibit LUAD cell progression.
Machine learning for predictions of cervical cancer identification – preliminary investigation based on refractive index
Authors: Kruczkowski Michał , Drabik-Kruczkowska Anna , Marciniak Anna , Tarczewska Martyna , Kosowska Monika , Szczerska Małgorzata 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most commonly appearing cancers, which early diagnosis is of greatest importance. Unfortunately, many diagnoses are based on subjective opinions of doctors – to date, there is no general measurement method with a calibrated standard. The problem can be solved with the measurement system being a fusion of an optoelectronic sensor and machine learning algorithm to provide reliable assistance for doctors in the early diagnosis stage of cervical cancer. We demonstrate the preliminary research on cervical cancer assessment utilizing optical sensor and prediction algorithm. Since each matter is characterized by refractive index, measuring its value and detecting changes give information about the state of the tissue. The optical measurements provided datasets for training and validating the analyzing software. We present data preprocessing, machine learning results utilizing three algorithms (Random Forest, eXtreme Gradient Boosting, Naïve Bayes) and assessment of their performance for classification of tissue as healthy or sick. All of them provided high values (>89%) of the measures describing them. Our solution allows for rapid sample measurement and automatic classification of the results constituting a potential support tool for doctors.
Research On The Fractal and Percolation Characteristics of Coal-Based Porous Media For Filtration and Impregnation
Authors: Wang Qili , Sun Jiarui , Chen Yuehu , Qian Yuyan , Fei Shengcheng , Yan Sheng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In order to distinguish the difference in the heterogeneous fractal structure of porous graphite used for filtration and impregnation, the fractal dimensions obtained through the mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) along with the fractal theory were used to calculate the volumetric FD of the graphite samples. The FD expression of the tortuosity along with all parameters from MIP test was optimized to simplify the calculation. In addition, the percolation evolution process of mercury in the porous media was analyzed in combination with the experimental data. As indicated in the analysis, the FDs in the backbone formation regions of sample vary from 2.695 to 2.984, with 2.923 to 2.991 in the percolation regions and 1.224 to 1.544 in the tortuosity. According to the MIP test, the mercury distribution in porous graphite manifested a transitional process from local aggregation, gradual expansion, and infinite cluster connection to global connection.
Geometrical properties of underutilized cereal varieties of Himalayan origin for the development of future processing equipments.
Authors: Gani Adil , Jhan Faiza , Shah Asima 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the database of physical and engineering characteristics of grains and flours of five underutilized cereal varieties viz sorghum, buck wheat, pearl millet, proso millet and barley of Himalayan origin. The results revealed a significant difference in width, length and breadth of these cereals. The sphericity value of cereal grains showed significant difference (p≤0.05) in the range 97.42 to 137.25.84% which was found to be highest for sorghum grain while as aspect ratio was found highest for proso millet grain. The static coefficient of friction samples was found maximum on corrugated board for the flour and grain. The hausner ratio and compressibility index indicated poor flowability of the sorghum flour. The bulk density, tapped density and porosity values of cereal grains varied significantly for cereal grains as well as flours. ATR-FTIR (attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) confirmed the different types of linkages present in the flour samples found within the absorption bands of 3500-993 cm-1.
CYBERTERRORISM: AN ATTEMPT OF PHILOSOPHICAL AND LEGAL UNDERSTANDING
Authors: Trofymenko Volodymyr , Mishanchuk Anastasiia 
Published: October 2021

Problem setting. Ukraine continues its integration processes with the international community, in particular, with the European Union and NATO. But comprehensive integration leads to the fact that Ukraine is forced to integrate into the negative processes from which the modern world suffers and with which it tries to fight. With the rapid development of the Internet, its use with criminal intent is probably developing at the same rate. Novelty, level of danger, volumes of received and future possible losses of this type of crime contributed to the formation of such a dangerous phenomenon as cyberterrorism. Accordingly, there is a new task for world scientists – to understand the essence of the concept of cyberterrorism most accurately and generally, to explore its deep aspects, to develop a single conceptual apparatus and to propose a system of preventive measures.
Recent research and publications analysis. The topic of information terrorism within the Ukrainian cyberspace, as well as its inseparable interaction with the world wide web, theoretical aspects of this phenomenon, disclosure of concepts related to cybercrime are covered in the publications of such domestic researchers as S. Hnatyuk, О. Gerashchenko, V. Ostroukhov, M. Prysyazhnyuk, I. Diorditsa, O. Trofimenko, Yu. Prokop, I. Aristova, V. Tsymbalyuka, O. Zadereiko, O. Bogdanov, O. Drozhchan, M. Gutsalyuk and others. A number of well-known foreign scientists and philosophers have devoted their works to the study of the phenomenon of terrorism in the context of globalization and the rapid development of information and communication technologies, in particular E. Toffler, B. Hoffman, A. Schmid, D. Bell, J. Baudrillard, E. Giddens, F. Fukuyama and others.
Paper objective. This article aims to formulate a generalized definition of "cyberterrorism", its key elements, sources, features of implementation, specificity and classification through the method of deduction (derivation of true knowledge from the general term "terrorism" to specific - "cyberterrorism").
Paper main body. The opinion of domestic and foreign scientists on the concept of cyberterrorism is analyzed. Based on the considered opinions, the authors try to show the peculiarities of cyberterrorism and reveal its danger to society as a whole and individuals. Finally, the authors turn to the analysis of Ukrainian legislation on cyberterrorism.
Conclusions of the research. Taking into account all the mentioned above, the state should introduce appropriate training systems for integrated skills and abilities that are necessary to support the goals of cybersecurity in secondary and higher schools, conduct cybersecurity briefings, increase digital literacy and the culture of safe behavior in cyberspace, as well as timely report about new threats and ways to avoid them.