bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Living in turbulent times
Authors: Li Heng 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Spoken metaphors such as “unstable situation” document a conceptual association between physical instability and difficult situations. Drawing on research in embodied cognition and conceptual metaphor, the present research examined whether people’s somatic experience can influence their attitudes toward the current COVID-19 pandemic. The hypothesis is that inducing a sensorimotor state such as physical instability can activate the associated abstract concepts such as the feelings of instability during a public health crisis. In Experiment 1, participants who sat at a wobbly table and chair believed more in and had greater concern about the coronavirus disease than participants in a stable workstation. Using a different manipulation of physical instability and a more diverse sample, Experiment 2 found that participants who stood on one foot rather than two were more likely to worry about the pandemic. Experiment 3 examined consequential behavior that might follow from respondents’ COVID-19-related attitudes. The results showed that participants who adopted a single-leg stance rather than a double-leg stance donated more money to the coronavirus treatment acceleration program aiming to stabilize the virus situation. Taken together, these findings indicate that seemingly irrelevant physical experiences can skew people’s opinions on the COVID-19 pandemic, exerting potential downstream effects on their actual behavior.
Shakespeare inThe Wilds: Experimenting withThe Tempest
Authors: Wald Christina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article discusses the TV series The Wilds (Amazon Prime, 2020) as an adaptational experiment with Shakespeare’s The Tempest in several respects: as one of the latest complex TV shows to engage with the Shakespearean legacy, it experiments with the serialization of Shakespeare’s plot. Further, being an ‘unmarked’ adaptation that never directly refers to Shakespeare, it tests the limits as to what is ‘Shakespeare’ and what is ‘not Shakespeare’ or ‘no longer Shakespeare’ in the adaptational rhizome created by The Tempest and its reworkings, among which Lord of the Flies, Brave New World, and the TV series Lost are of particular importance for The Wilds. Changing Shakespeare’s character constellation to an all-female group of teenage castaways overseen by a female social scientist modelled on Prospero who seeks to overcome master narratives of fraternal power struggles, colonial exploitation, and patriarchal sexual oppression, The Wilds tests which changes the Shakespeare material can and perhaps needs to undergo to continue to have cultural meaning today. As part of this radical re-gendering, the series multiplies and collates Miranda, Ariel, and Caliban to interrogate contemporary girlhood and the future of intersectional feminism. The article concludes by assessing how the series appeals to differently knowing viewers, some of whom will feel invited to partake in the Tempest experiment, while others will lose Shakespeare’s tracks in The Wilds.
Outcomes of nontuberculous mycobacteria isolation among lung transplant recipients: A matched case-control with retrospective cohort study
Authors: Grimes Razelle , Cherrier Lauren , Nasar Aasya , Nailor Michael D , Walia Rajat , Goodlet Kellie J 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeLung transplant recipients are at increased risk for acquiring nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), but the clinical significance of NTM isolation, particularly among patients not meeting guideline-endorsed diagnostic criteria for NTM pulmonary disease, is unclear.MethodsA case-control study of lung transplant recipients culture-positive for NTM at a large transplant center during a 7-year period (2013-2019) was performed.ResultsTwenty-nine cases were matched 1:2 to non-NTM controls. The median time to NTM isolation was 10.7 months post transplant. Only 34.5% of all cases, and half of treated cases, met diagnostic criteria for NTM pulmonary infection. All-cause mortality at 12 months was numerically higher among NTM cases versus controls (20.7% vs 8.6%, P = 0.169); however, no deaths were attributed to NTM. No increase in the 12-month rate of acute rejection was observed (27.6% vs 36.2%, P = 0.477). Recent augmented immunosuppression was associated with increased odds of NTM isolation, while azithromycin prophylaxis was associated with reduced odds of NTM isolation and was not associated with macrolide resistance. Both adverse events and actual or potential drug-drug interactions occurred in more than 90% of treated cases; these events included ocular toxicity, hearing loss, and supratherapeutic calcineurin inhibitor concentrations. Eight of the 14 treated cases (57.1%) required early antibiotic discontinuation due to adverse events or drug-drug interactions.ConclusionAmong lung transplant recipients, most patients with NTM isolation did not meet guideline criteria for infection and had outcomes similar to non‒NTM-infected patients, which may reflect transient lung colonization by NTM rather than true disease. As adverse events are common with NTM therapy, limiting unnecessary antibiotic treatment represents an area for future antimicrobial stewardship efforts.
Aesthetic Surgery Practice Resumption in the United Kingdom During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Joji Nikita , Patel Nakul , Nugent Nora , Patel Nian , Mair Manish , Vadodaria Shailesh , Waterhouse Norman , Ramakrishnan Venkat , Sankar Thangasamy K 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe global COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted all aspects of healthcare, including the delivery of elective aesthetic surgery practice. A national, prospective data collection was carried out of the first aesthetic plastic surgery procedures performed during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the challenges aesthetic practice is facing and to identify if any problems or complications arose from carrying out aesthetic procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsOver a 6-week period from June 15 to August 2, 2020, data were collected by means of a proforma for aesthetic plastic surgery cases. All patients had outcomes recorded for an audit period of 14 days postsurgery.ResultsThe results demonstrated that none of the 371 patients audited who underwent aesthetic surgical procedures developed any symptoms of COVID-19–related illness and none required treatment for any subsequent respiratory illness.ConclusionsNo COVID-19–related cases or complications were found in a cohort of patients who underwent elective aesthetic procedures under strict screening and infection control protocols in the early resumption of elective service.
SGNNMD: signed graph neural network for predicting deregulation types of miRNA-disease associations
Authors: Zhang Guangzhan , Li Menglu , Deng Huan , Xu Xinran , Liu Xuan , Zhang Wen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMiRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNA molecules that play an important role in many biological processes, and determining miRNA-disease associations can benefit drug development and clinical diagnosis. Although great efforts have been made to develop miRNA-disease association prediction methods, few attention has been paid to in-depth classification of miRNA-disease associations, e.g. up/down-regulation of miRNAs in diseases. In this paper, we regard known miRNA-disease associations as a signed bipartite network, which has miRNA nodes, disease nodes and two types of edges representing up/down-regulation of miRNAs in diseases, and propose a signed graph neural network method (SGNNMD) for predicting deregulation types of miRNA-disease associations. SGNNMD extracts subgraphs around miRNA-disease pairs from the signed bipartite network and learns structural features of subgraphs via a labeling algorithm and a neural network, and then combines them with biological features (i.e. miRNA–miRNA functional similarity and disease–disease semantic similarity) to build the prediction model. In the computational experiments, SGNNMD achieves highly competitive performance when compared with several baselines, including the signed graph link prediction methods, multi-relation prediction methods and one existing deregulation type prediction method. Moreover, SGNNMD has good inductive capability and can generalize to miRNAs/diseases unseen during the training.
Neoadjuvant therapy versus direct to surgery for T4 colon cancer: meta-analysis
Authors: Jung Flora , Lee Michael , Doshi Sachin , Zhao Grace , Lam Tin Cheung Kimberley , Chesney Tyler , Guidolin Keegan , Englesakis Marina , Lukovic Jelena , O’Kane Grainne , Quereshy Fayez A , Chadi Sami A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Despite persistently poor oncological outcomes, approaches to the management of T4 colonic cancer remain variable, with the role of neoadjuvant therapy unclear. The aim of this review was to compare oncological outcomes between direct-to-surgery and neoadjuvant therapy approaches to T4 colon cancer.

Methods
A librarian-led systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and CINAHL up to 11 February 2020 was performed. Inclusion criteria were primary research articles comparing oncological outcomes between neoadjuvant therapies or direct to surgery for primary T4 colonic cancer. Based on PRISMA guidelines, screening and data abstraction were undertaken in duplicate. Quality assessment was carried out using Cochrane risk-of-bias tools. Random-effects models were used to pool effect estimates. This study compared pathological resection margins, postoperative morbidity, and oncological outcomes of cancer recurrence and overall survival.

Results
Four studies with a total of 43 063 patients met the inclusion criteria. Compared with direct to surgery, neoadjuvant therapy was associated with increased rates of margin-negative resection (odds ratio (OR) 2.60, 95 per cent c.i. 1.12 to 6.02; n = 15 487) and 5-year overall survival (pooled hazard ratio 1.42, 1.10 to 1.82, I2 = 0 per cent; n = 15 338). No difference was observed in rates of cancer recurrence (OR 0.42, 0.15 to 1.22; n = 131), 30-day minor (OR 1.12, 0.68 to 1.84; n = 15 488) or major (OR 0.62, 0.27 to 1.44; n = 15 488) morbidity, or rates of treatment-related adverse effects.

Conclusion
Compared with direct to surgery, neoadjuvant therapy improves margin-negative resection rates and overall survival.
Effects of structured intraoperative briefings on patient outcomes: multicentre before-and-after study
Authors: Tschan Franziska , Keller Sandra , Semmer Norbert K , Timm-Holzer Eliane , Zimmermann Jasmin , Huber Simon A , Wrann Simon , Hübner Martin , Banz Vanessa , Prevost Gian Andrea , Marschall Jonas , Candinas Daniel , Demartines Nicolas , Weber Markus , Beldi Guido 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Operations require collaboration between surgeons, anaesthetia professionals, and nurses. The aim of this study was to determine whether intraoperative briefings influence patient outcomes.

Methods
In a before-and-after controlled trial (9 months baseline; 9 months intervention), intraoperative briefings were introduced in four general surgery centres between 2015 and 2018. During the operation, the responsible surgeon (most senior surgeon present) briefed the surgical team using the StOP? protocol about: progress of the operation (Status), next steps (Objectives), possible problems (Problems), and encouraged asking questions (?). Differences between baseline and intervention were analysed regarding surgical-site infections (primary outcome), mortality, unplanned reoperations, and duration of hospital stay (secondary outcomes), using inverse probability of treatment (IPT) weighting based on propensity scores.

Results
In total, 8256 patients underwent surgery in the study. Endpoint data were available for 7745 patients (93.8 per cent). IPT-weighted and adjusted intention-to-treat analyses showed no differences in surgical-site infections between baseline and intervention (9.8 versus 9.6 per cent respectively; adjusted difference (AD) –0.15 (95 per cent c.i. −1.45 to 1.14) per cent; odds ratio (OR) 0.92, 95 per cent c.i. 0.83 to 1.15; P = 0.797), but there were reductions in mortality (1.6 versus 1.1 per cent; AD –0.54 (−1.04 to −0.03) per cent; OR 0.60, 0.39 to 0.92; P = 0.018), unplanned reoperations (6.4 versus 4.8 per cent; AD –1.66 (−2.69 to −0.62) per cent; OR 0.72, 0.59 to 0.89; P = 0.002), and fewer prolonged hospital stays (21.6 versus 19.8 per cent; AD –1.82 (−3.48 to −0.15) per cent; OR 0.87, 0.77 to 0.98; P = 0.024).

Conclusion
Short intraoperative briefings improve patient outcomes and should be performed routinely.
Equal cerebral perfusion during extended aortic coarctation repair
Authors: Rüffer André , Knieling Ferdinand , Cesnjevar Robert , Regensburger Adrian , Purbojo Ariawan , Dittrich Sven , Münch Frank , Wölfle Joachim , Jüngert Jörg 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Aortic coarctation with distal aortic arch hypoplasia can be effectively addressed by coarctation resection with extended end-to-end-anastomosis (REEEA). Particularly, when unilateral cerebral perfusion (UCP) is established by clamping of left-sided supra-aortic vessels, the extent of cerebral blood flow distribution during repair remains undetermined, so far. Transfontanellar contrast-enhanced ultrasound (T-CEUS) can be utilized for real-time visualization and quantitative evaluation of cerebral blood flow. This study quantitatively evaluates cerebral perfusion during REEEA by using intraoperative T-CEUS.

METHODS
In a prospective study, 9 infants with open fontanelle undergoing REEEA [median age: 13 days (range 1–34) and median weight 3.1 kg (range 2.2–4.4)] were intraoperatively examined with T-CEUS at 3 consecutive time-points: before skin incision, during UCP and after skin suture. A software-based analysis of 11 parameters was used for data evaluation. Absolute and relative blood flow in contralateral hemispheres was measured in side-by-side comparison, and referenced to baseline measurements.

RESULTS
No side-depend absolute or relative cerebral perfusion differences were found during REEEA, except for an increased relative ‘wash-out-rate’ (P = 0.0013) in favour of the right hemisphere after surgery. Compared to ipsilateral baseline levels, ‘rise time’ was transiently increased in right (P = 0.0277) and ‘time-to-peak’ in both hemispheres (right: P = 0.0403 and left: P = 0.0286), all during UCP.

CONCLUSIONS
The use of T-CEUS provided evidence for homogenous distribution of contrast agent in both hemispheres during UCP. T-CEUS can be utilized for the postprocedural evaluation of cerebral perfusion during congenital cardiac surgery.

Clinical Trial Registration
URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov Unique, Identifier: NCT03215628.
Impact of the initial site of recurrence on prognosis after curative surgery for primary lung cancer
Authors: Isaka Tetsuya , Ito Hiroyuki , Nakayama Haruhiko , Yokose Tomoyuki , Saito Haruhiro , Masuda Munetaka 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This retrospective study aimed to elucidate the impact of the initial site of recurrence on relapse-free survival and post-recurrence survival (PRS) after the curative resection of primary lung cancer.

METHODS
We enrolled 325 patients who developed recurrence after curative resection of pathological stage I–IIIA primary lung cancer between January 2006 and December 2018 at the Kanagawa Cancer Center. Cases were classified as follows based on the initial site of recurrence: cervicothoracic lymph node (n = 144), lung (n = 121), pleural dissemination (n = 52), bone (n = 59), brain and meningeal dissemination (n = 50) and abdominal organ (n = 34) cases. The relapse-free survival and PRS of patients with and without recurrence at each site were compared using the log-rank test. The impact of the initial site of recurrence on PRS was analysed using the Cox proportional hazards model.

RESULTS
Relapse-free survival was significantly poorer in patients with abdominal organ recurrence than in patients without abdominal organ recurrence (11.5 vs 17.6 months, P = 0.024). The PRS of patients with bone and abdominal organ recurrences was worse than that of patients without bone (18.4 vs 31.1 months, P &lt; 0.001) or abdominal organ (13.8 vs 30.6 months, P &lt; 0.001) recurrence. Multiple recurrence sites were observed more frequently in patients with bone and abdominal organ recurrences. Bone [hazard ratio (HR) 2.13; P &lt; 0.001] and abdominal organ metastasis (HR 1.71; P = 0.026) were independent poor prognostic factors for PRS.

CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests surveillance for abdominal organ recurrence in the early postoperative period. Patients with bone and abdominal organ recurrence should receive multimodality treatment to improve their prognosis.
Long COVID: long-term effects?
Authors: Di Toro Alessandro , Bozzani Antonio , Tavazzi Guido , Urtis Mario , Giuliani Lorenzo , Pizzoccheri Roberto , Aliberti Flaminia , Fergnani Viola , Arbustini Eloisa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The term Long COVID (or Post COVID) describes a condition characterized by persistence of symptoms for at least 12 weeks after the onset of COVID-19. It may last several months but the duration is still matter of observation. The symptoms and the clinical manifestations are clinically heterogeneous and suggesting involvement of multi-organs/systems, including the cardiovascular system. The general recurrent symptoms include fatigue, breathlessness, myalgia, headache, loss of memory, and impaired concentration. Patients report loss of their previous psychophysical performance. Cardiovascular involvement manifests with common symptoms such as palpitations and chest pain, and, less commonly, with events such as late arterial and venous thromboembolisms, heart failure episodes, strokes or transient ischaemic attack, ‘myo-pericarditis’. The diagnostic criteria are mainly based on the narrative of the patients. Measurable biomarkers or instrumental findings or clinical events are not yet framed in a shared diagnostic framework. The open question for clinicians and researchers is whether biomarkers, electrocardiogram, non-invasive imaging, and clinical monitoring should be included in a shared diagnostic protocol aimed at defining the diagnostic path and protecting patients at risk of unexpected events.
Ablation of ventricular tachycardia in 2021
Authors: Bianchi Stefano , Cauti Filippo Maria 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in structural heart disease is an increasingly used procedure. In fact, it is the most effective strategy in controlling arrhythmic burden in VT patients. The ablative approaches are the result of the last 10 years of technological advances (Catheters, 3D mapping systems) and the constant study of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying arrhythmic circuits. This presentation seeks to revisit the state of the art in the ablative treatment of VT.
Prevention of chemotherapy-induced left ventricular dysfunction
Authors: Bisceglia Irma , Canale Maria Laura , Cartoni Domenico , Matera Sabrina , Petrolati Sandro 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Prevention of left ventricular dysfunction predominantly induced by anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab still represents a challenge for cardio-oncology today. Indeed, this complication threatens to limit the significant gain in cancer survival achieved to date. Oncology strategies with cumulative dose limitation, continuous infusion, dexrazoxane, and liposomal formulations have been shown to decrease the risk of anthracycline cardiotoxicity. The preventive use of ace inhibitors, sartans, and/or beta-blockers has not yet provided convincing evidence and the positive effect on left ventricular ejection fraction decline appears poor without a clear clinical relevance. Assessment of the cardiovascular risk profile is a key aspect of the baseline evaluation of any patient scheduled for cancer therapy. Control and/or correction of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors is the first form of primary prevention of cardiotoxicity. It will be necessary to select populations at higher risk of developing cardiac dysfunction, identify patients genetically predisposed to develop cardiotoxicity in order to build the most appropriate strategies to correctly and timely target cardioprotective therapies.
Coagulopathy and COVID-19
Authors: Lorini Ferdinando Luca , Di Matteo Maria , Gritti Paolo , Grazioli Lorenzo , Benigni Alberto , Zacchetti Lucia , Bianchi Isabella , Fabretti Fabrizio , Longhi Luca 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with frequent thrombotic events, at the micro and macro-vascular level, due to the perpetuation of a state of hypercoagulability. The so-called ‘COVID-19 associated coagulopathy’ (CAC) represents a key aspect in the genesis of organ damage from SARS-CoV-2. The main coagulative alterations described in the literature are represented by high levels of D-dimer and fibrinogen. Although CAC has some common features with disseminated intravascular coagulation and sepsis-induced coagulopathy, there are important differences between these clinical pictures and the phenotype of CAC is unique. The pathogenesis of CAC is complex and is affected by the strong interconnection between the inflammatory system and coagulation, in the phenomenon of immunothrombosis and thrombo-inflammation. Several mechanisms come into play, such as inflammatory cytokines, neutrophils, the complement system as well as an alteration of the fibrinolytic system. Finally, an altered platelet function and especially endothelial dysfunction also play a central role in the pathophysiology of CAC. Heparin has several potential effects in CAC, in fact in addition to the anticoagulant effect, it could have a direct antiviral effect and anti-inflammatory properties. The high incidence of thrombo-embolic phenomena despite the use of antithrombotic prophylaxis have led some experts to recommend the use of anticoagulant doses of heparin, but at present the optimal anticoagulant regimen remains to be determined.
How to reduce uncommon but severe transcatheter aortic valve implantation complications: stroke, thrombosis, endocarditis, cognitive decline?
Authors: Saia Francesco , Orzalkiewicz Mateusz 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation has become a valid alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement for patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis, regardless of baseline surgical risk. The incidence of periprocedural complications has steadily declined over the years, thanks to technical advancement of transcatheter heart valves, delivery systems, and increased operators’ experience. Beyond the most common periprocedural complications, there are a few uncommon but potentially severe complications that more often occur during follow-up, although they may also arise in the periprocedural phase. Stroke, infective endocarditis, valve thrombosis, and cognitive decline are among them. In this brief review, we describe the incidence, predictive factors, and potential preventive measures for those events.