bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facile Synthetic Methods for Diverse N-Arylphenylalanine Derivatives via Transformations of Aryne Intermediates and Cross-Coupling Reactions
Authors: Kobayashi Tsuneyuki , Hosoya Takamitsu , Yoshida Suguru 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Synthesis of diverse N-arylphenylalanine derivatives through sequential transformations of N-arylphenylalanine ester-type platforms is disclosed. The highly functionalized platforms were prepared by an oxidative cross-coupling reaction leaving aryne generating moieties and halogeno groups intact. Great transformability of N-arylphenylalanine ester-type platforms by aryne reactions and cross-coupling reactions allowed us to prepare analogs of bioactive compounds.
Current Issues of Providing the Personnel of the Radiation Hazardous Facilities with Personal Protection Equipment
Authors: Rubcov V. , Trebuhin A. , Nefedov A. , Klochkova E. , Olenina I. , Zinoviev V. 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: The article covers issues related to the providing personal protection for the personnel of radiation hazardous facilities. Specific character of working conditions at the enterprises in the field of atomic energy use is caused by extremely high toxic level of radioactive substances and the fact that there is no human sense organ which can identify dangerous levels of radiation exposure. Establishment of mandatory requirements for manufacturing, identification and verification of personal protection equipment (PPE) in the field of atomic energy use is needed because using of low-quality PPE and PPE not complying with working conditions poses a risk for the health of workers. The article provides results of analysis of the regulatory frameworks, both current and under development, which set the requirements for PPE.
Results: Since 2017 Rosatom is executing plans for development of series of industry standards specifying requirements for PPE in the field of atomic energy use and methods of their testing. More than 25 interstate and national standards on PPE were included in the Summary list of standardization documents in the field of atomic energy use. PPE was included in the list of products subject to mandatory certification and having requirements for safety assurance in the field of atomic energy use specified.
Industry and national standards establishing requirements for PPE protecting from tritium, radioactive noble gases, radioactive iodine, high-toxic alpha-emitting radionuclides, as well as standards on methods of their testing are planned to be developed soon.
Conclusion: The system of standardizing requirements for PPE in the field of atomic energy use being created, together with existing system of certification of PPE in the field of atomic energy use will help to increase effectiveness of personal protection of the personnel at radiation and chemical hazardous facilities in nuclear industry.
Muscle Mass Index at the Level Th12 vertebra as a Prognostic Factor for Fatal Outcome in the Patients with Pneumonia Caused by SARS-COV2
Authors: Bashkov A. , Sushko A , Grigor'eva O. , Sheyh Zh. , Udalov Yu. , Shikunov D. 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To develop a methodology for determining the muscle mass index (MMI) at the level of Th12 based on the computed tomography of the chest; to estimate the impact of MMI on the outcome of the COVID19 patients as a prognostic factor.
Material and methods: The medical data and computed tomography of the chest of 247 patients with confirmed pneumonia caused by SARS-Cov2 were used. A technique has been developed for determining MMI based on the cross-sectional area of paraspinal muscles at the level of the Th12 vertebra and the length of the thoracic spine. A correlation analysis of MMI calculated based on the length of the thoracic spine MMI(L) and height MMI(H) was performed. A statistical analysis of the differences of the MMI(L) in the groups of male and female patients with fatal outcome and recovered, as well as younger and older than 65 years were performed.
Results: A strong correlation was found between the MMI calculated on the basis of the length of the thoracic spine and height
(r = 0.861, p <0.001). The age threshold, which was associated with an increase in the likelihood of death, in men was 60 years (Se 77.3 %, Sp 60.5 %, PPV 51.5 %, NPV 83.1 %, Youden's index 0.378, area under ROC- curve 0.728), in women 65 years old (Se 72.2 %, Sp 68.6 %, PPV 49.1 %, NPV 85.5 %, Youden's index 0.408, the area under the ROC curve 0.734). The odds ratio of death when the age thresholds are exceeded was 5.2 for men (95 % CI: 2.3 – 12.0), for women – 5.7 (95 % CI: 2.4 – 13.4). MMI(L) 3.37cm2/m2 is a threshold value, below which the probability of death in male patients under 60 years increased 26.3 times (95 % CI: 4.8 – 143.0). In female patients, there was no statistically significant threshold value of MMI(L), which would be associated with a higher risk of death.
Conclusion: MMI, calculated at the level Th12 on the basis of the length of the thoracic spine, can be reliably used as a tool to estimate sarcopenia associated muscle atrophy, if there is no anthropometric data. The MMI(D) less than 3.37 cm2/m2 is a strong predictor of death in men under 60 years of age. Further work is needed to study the effect of sarcopenia on the severity and outcome of COVID19 in female patients, taking into account comorbid conditions.
Prospects for Using Radionuclide Research Methods for Diagnosing and Evaluating Effectiveness of Treating Consequences of Coronavirus Diseasr (COVID-19
Authors: Kudryavtsev A , Kondakov A , Korvyakov S , Sozykin A. , Nikitin P. , Yudin A , Znamenskiy I. 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: to determine the role of nuclear medicine methods in the diagnosis and quality control of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with complications after coronavirus diseasr (COVID-19)
The article provides a brief analysis of the incidence of COVID-19 and highlights the role of diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of patients suffering from the consequences of coronavirus diseasr after the end of the pandemic. The most common clinical manifestation of coronavirus diseasr is bilateral interstitial pneumonia, one of the complications of which is the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome, its pathogenesis is highlighted. It is also noted that the leading link in the development of the disease is a systemic lesion of the endothelial vascular wall, which is the cause of thrombosis and its complications, primarily pulmonary embolism, ischemic brain infarctions and cardiovascular catastrophes.
Specific methods of radionuclide diagnostics are described for individual organs and systems: respiratory, cardiovascular, brain, and others. The need to diagnose and control the quality of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with post-inflammatory changes in the parenchyma of internal organs and a decrease in their functional ability due to sclerotic changes, patients with changes in the state due to the transition of inflammation to the chronic stage, as well as with an overactive immune response to inflammatory changes.
Conclusion: at the stage of diagnosis and treatment of the consequences of a previous coronavirus diseasr and subsequent rehabilitation, molecular imaging methods are essential in a complex of studies.
Palliative care model in Thailand
Authors: Chaiviboontham Suchira , Pokpalagon Piyawan 
Published: May 2021

Background: Thailand has few hospices and a limited range of palliative care services. Aims: To explore palliative care models in Thailand. Methods: A convergent mixed-methods study design using purposive sampling to select three levels of healthcare services and one religious organisation. Findings: The quantitative data revealed that the structures of palliative care accessibility, referral systems, and continuity of care were in place at all levels of healthcare services. The qualitative data revealed the themes of the structure of palliative care, processes and outcomes. Conclusion: The variety of palliative care structures identified in Thailand are suitable for the context in which palliative care is provided. The problems that need solving are referral systems, patient access to opioids, inequitites in care distribution and medicine dispensing and palliative care outcome evaluation.
Diagnostic accuracy of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay for tuberculous pericarditis: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yu Guocan , Zhong Fangming , Shen Yanqin , Zheng Hong 
Published: May 2021

Background
Tuberculous pericarditis (TBP) can lead to serious consequences. Early diagnosis and treatment are very important for TBP, but early diagnosis is still very challenging. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF for TBP using meta-analysis method.

Methods
We will search Embase, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and the Wanfang database for researches assessing the diagnostic accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF for TBP until April 2021. Any types of study design with full text will be selected and included. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool will be used to assess the risk of bias. We will use version 15.0 of the STATA software with the midas command packages to carry out meta-analyses.

Results
Evidence for diagnostic accuracy of Xpert MTB/RIF for TBP will be provided through the study, and this protocol will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.

Conclusion
This study will provide evidence of Xpert MTB/RIF for TBP.
Using Art as Research in Learning and Teaching: Multidisciplinary Approaches Across the Arts, Ross W. Prior (ed.), Foreword by Shaun McNiff (2018)
Authors: Dennis Rea 
Published: May 2021

Review of: Using Art as Research in Learning and Teaching: Multidisciplinary Approaches Across the Arts, Ross W. Prior (ed.), Foreword by Shaun McNiff (2018)
Bristol: Intellect, 225 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-78320-892-0, p/bk, £25.00
Efeito do treinamento resistido na sobrevida de camundongos c57bl/6 com caquexia associada ao melanoma cutâneo
Authors: Rocha Soares Lawrey Vanessa , Nunes Lopes João Vitor , Rocha Soares Elenice , Rocha Alves Mariana , Dias Rodrigues Vinicius 
Published: May 2021

OBJETIVO: O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar o efeito do treinamento resistido na sobrevida de camundongos C57BL/6 com caquexia associada ao melanoma cutâneo. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: A amostra foi constituída por 64 (camundongos C57BL/6 fêmeas, com idade entre 10 e 12 semanas, com cerca de 50 ± 5 gramas de peso corporal. Os camundongos foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em quatros grupos: i. camundongos controle, com indução de tumor, inativos fisicamente (Controle, n = 16); ii. camundongos submetidos ao treinamento resistido diario somente antes da indução tumoral (Treino 1, n = 16); iii. camundongos submetidos ao treinamento resistido diario antes e após da indução tumoral (Treino 2, n = 16); iv. camundongos submetidos ao treinamento resistido diario após a indução tumoral e apresentado quadro caquetico (Treino 3, n = 16). O procedimento para treinamento resistido (TR) com choque foi utilizada uma escada com 110 cm de altura, 18 cm de largura, 2 cm entre os degraus e 80 graus de inclinação. O procedimento para TR com choque foi utilizada uma escada 110 cm de altura, 18 cm de largura, 2 cm entre os degraus e 80 graus de inclinação. O exercício resistido baseia-se na subida dos camundongos, na plataforma de saída aplicava-se um choque elétrico como estímulo para subir as escadas, nesta etapa era aplicada o choque nas quatro patas do animal com uma tensão elétrica de 20 volts a uma frequência de 45 Hertz durante seis séries de oito repetições, cada uma com noventa segundos de intervalo entre as séries Os grupos de camundongos foram submetidos a acompanhamento por no máximo 15 dias após o diagnóstico da caquexia a fim de comparar a sobrevida geral relacionada ao câncer entre os grupos de estudo. As curvas de sobrevivência de Kaplan-Meier foram estimadas para cada evento e as curvas dos diferentes grupos foram comparadas usando o teste de Log-rank. O tempo de sobrevida proposta foi de 25 dias após inoculação RESULTADOS: Os resultados apresentados nesse estudo mostraram que não houve diferença significativa (p <0,05) entre as propostas de treino. CONCLUSÃO: Não houve diferença na sobrevida de animais com caquexia associada ao modelo tumoral singênico de melanoma cutâneo com intervenção de exercício resistido ou sedentários.
Estimulação elétrica neural transcutânea (tens) na paroxismia do tronco cerebral: relato de caso
Authors: Von Sohsten Lins Eliane Maria Dias , Boffino Catarina Costa , Mantovani Dábila Caroline Pandolfi , Pereira Flavia Paiva dos Santos , Da Silveira Edmo Arruda Aguiar Sobreira 
Published: May 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: A paroxismia de tronco encefálico, descrita em pacientes com esclerose múltipla (EM), caracteriza-se por episódios rápidos de vertigem e nistagmos evocados por movimentos cefálicos. A neuromodulação tem apresentado sucesso terapêutico em várias disfunções da EM, mas ainda não foi utilizada na paroxismia. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito aditivo da neuromodulação por estimulação elétrica neural transcutânea (TENS) na musculatura periocular em paciente com EM e paroxismia de tronco encefálico não responsiva à reabilitação clássica associada à medicação. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Avaliação do nistagmo com videonistagmógrafo, da sensibilidade cutânea facial com estesiômetro, do blefaroclônus por gravação em vídeo e da sensação dolorosa de forma subjetiva (descrição pessoal da paciente); execução de 10 sessões consecutivas semanais de exercícios oculares associados à TENS na musculatura do oblíquo inferior e reto lateral direitos. RESULTADO: Melhora da algia, do blefaroclônus, da vertigem e do nistagmo ocular direito. CONCLUSÃO: A neuromodulação com TENS parece ser uma terapia complementar válida para pacientes com EM e paroxismia de tronco não responsivos aos demais tratamentos clínicos, porém mais estudos são necessários para confirmar esse achado.
Fault-plane solution for the Tango, Japan, earthquake of March 7, 1927*
Authors: Hodgson John H. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In an attempt to obtain confirmation of the fault-plane methods in use by the Dominion Observatory by comparison with an observed fault, a solution has been attempted for the Tango, Japan, earthquake of March 7, 1927. The direction of first motion was read from seismograms, accumulated for an earlier study by E. A. Hodgson, and filed at Ottawa.
The data derived from the records are not sufficient to allow an independent solution that is very closely defined, but it is shown that they do satisfy the known strike, dip, and relative displacement very well.
The Oklahoma earthquake of April 9, 1952*
Authors: Miller Henry J. 
Published: May 2021

abstractThe Oklahoma earthquake of April 9, 1952 provided an instrumental study of seismograms throughout the United States. There is good evidence for the existence of crustal layers, and consequently a shallow depth of focus. The normal velocities of P and S obtained were 8.07 and 4.43 km/sec.This paper is a summary of a Master's thesis in geophysics at the Saint Louis University Institute of Technology. The complete thesis may be consulted in the Institute library.
Stoneley-wave velocities for a solid-solid interface
Authors: Ginzbarg A. S. , Strick E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Stoneley-wave velocities for a solid-solid interface were calculated for a wide range of elastic parameters. For density ratio ρ1/ρ2 &lt; 1, the ratio of the Stoneley velocity to the shear velocity of the first medium VST/b1 is almost independent of the Poisson ratio σ1. Similarly for ρ1/ρ2 &gt; 1 VST/b1 is almost independent of σ2.
Results are given in graphical form:
For ρ1/ρ2 &lt; 1 and 0 ≦ σ1 ≦ 0.50, graphs of ρ1/ρ2 vs. VST/b1 are given for σ2 = 0.00, 0.10, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, 0.40, 0.45, 0.48, and 0.50.
For ρ1/ρ2 &gt; 0 and 0 ≦ σ2 ≦ 0.50, graphs of ρ1/ρ2 vs. VST/b1 are given for σ1 = 0.00, 0.10, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, 0.40, 0.45, 0.48, and 0.50.
Determination of the energy in body and surface waves
Authors: De Noyer John 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPart I of this paper presents the basic theory for estimating the energy in body and surface waves. Limitations in epicentral distances within which satisfactory results can be obtained for body waves are considered. Methods for obtaining the energy in both Love and Rayleigh waves are developed for a structure consisting of a superficial layer overlying a semi-infinite medium of differing elastic properties.
Forced vibration and natural frequencies of tall building frames
Authors: Goldberg John E. , Bogdanoff John L. , Moh Za Lee 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A procedure is presented for determining the response of a tall building frame to a harmonic motion of the ground. The procedure takes account of the elastic effects of the horizontal beams and requires the use only of a desk computer. Normal modes and natural frequencies can be determined to any desired degree of accuracy by trial and error. Response to any arbitrary motion of the ground can be determined in terms of the responses of the normal modes or, alternatively, by superposing the responses of the complete frame to each harmonic of the motion.
The stresses around a fault or crack in dissimilar media
Authors: Williams M. L. 
Published: May 2021

abstract
In order to investigate some problems of geophysical interest, the usual consideration of symmetrical or antisymmetrical loading of an isotropic homogeneous plate containing a crack was extended to the case where the alignment of the crack separates two separate isotropic homogeneous regions. It develops that the modulus of the singular behavior of the stress remains proportional to the inverse square root of the distance from the point of the crack, but the stresses possess a sharp oscillatory character of the type r−12 sin (b log r), which seems to be confined quite close to the point, as well as a shear stress along the material joint line as long as the materials are different.
The off-fault areas of high strain energy release reported by St. Amand for the White Wolf fault are qualitatively shown to be expected.
Ground-motion measurements near quarry blasts at Promontory Point, Utah
Authors: Berg Joseph W. , Cook Kenneth L. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Ground amplitudes and accelerations are presented for distances of 8,000 feet, 22,000 feet, 43,700 feet, and 72,200 feet from three quarry blasts of more than 1,000,000 pounds of explosives each that were detonated at Promontory Point, Utah. The following equation fits the data of the maximum total displacement amplitude versus distance for the distances given above:
log ⁡ D m = − 1.52 log ⁡ X + 4.51 ,
where Dm is the maximum total displacement amplitude in inches, and X is distance in feet from the source. Maximum vertical acceleration versus distance for the same distances is given by the equation:
log ⁡ A m = − 2.55 log ⁡ X + 10.68 ,
where Am is the maximum vertical acceleration in ft/sec2. and X is distance in feet from the source.
Study on usage of various criterias in the diagnosis of Atopic Eczema among South Indian population
Authors: S Preetham , S Tophakhane Raghavendra 
Published: May 2021

Atopic Eczema (AE) is a specific chronic relapsing dermatitis with varied presentations. The etiopathogenesis of AE is largely speculative and over years has led to origin of various criteria like Hanifin, Rajka’s criteria (HRC), United Kingdom working party’s diagnostic criteria (UKWPDC) and millennium diagnostic criteria (MDC). These have originated in western countries and is used among Indian population without much validation studies.To validate HRC, UKWPDC and MDC in the diagnosis of AE among Indian population.A case-control study including 50 cases of AE and 30 age matched controls who are presenting to the DVL OPD of a tertiary teaching hospital. Defined case proforma was prepared highlighting the criteria’s of HRC, UKWDPC and MDC posing as a questionnaire to the cases/subjects. Total Serum IgE levels were estimated. Sensitivity, specificity, Positive predictive value (PPV), Negative predictive value (NPV) and Relative value were calculated for all criteria.The Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV was 100% for HRC and UKWPDC whereas there was a compromise in the specificity (32.5%) and lower relative value of (22.5%) for MDC. Some minor features of HRC and MDC criteria showed lower validity compared to major features.Though many upgradations are going on in HRC, UKWPDC it could still be considered and used as a diagnostic criterion considering the high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for diagnosis of AE.
A clinical study of pattern of geriatric dermatosis in tertiary care hospital of Rajasthan
Authors: Soni Bajrang , Meena Priyanka 
Published: May 2021

: Geriatric health care has received lot of attention nationwide due to increase in life expectancy over the time. Among the various health issue geriatric dermatosis are one of the most common reason for regular OPD visits. This study was done to inquest the spectrum of cutaneous manifestation and the factors responsible for causing physiological and pathological changes in the skin of elderly people.: Three hundred consecutive patients aged more than 60 yrs of age attending the out patient department of dermatology at PDU Medical College & hospitals Churu were subjected for study. A detailed history was taken. A complete general, systemic & Cutaneous examination was done along with relevant investigation were carried out. Findings were collated in Performa for analysis and interpretation of data. A total of 300 patients were enrolled in the study out of which 59 % were male and 41 % were female. Pruritis was the commonest complain elicted in 68.5 % of patients. Among the physiological changes xerosis was the commonest seen in 63 % of patients and infecions followed by eczems was the common pathological conditions. The population of 60 yrs and above is a rapidly growing dermatology clientele with both physiological and pathological manifestations. This study highlights the various dermatoses peculiar to the geriatric population and aims at sensitizing the fraternity to the specific needs of this special age group.
Propriedades de filmes com surfactantes para serem aplicados no revestimento de alimentos
Authors: Da Silva Venancio Camila , Cardoso Flávia Aparecida Reitz , Droval Adriana Aparecida , Fuchs Renata Hernandes Barros , Marques Leila Larisa Medeiros 
Published: May 2021

A indústria de alimentos sofre elevadas perdas com a frutas e hortaliças ao longo de toda cadeia produtiva, tal fato a instiga a buscar alternativas como o desenvolvimento de filmes para revestir alimentos e prolongar sua vida de prateleira. Se faz necessário um estudo principalmente das propriedades mecânicas e de barreira dos filmes, as quais comprovem a eficiência de sua aplicação. Portanto, objetivou-se neste trabalho foi elaborar um filme com base de gelatina extraída da pele de tilápia do Nilo e adição de surfactantes como o Tween 80 e o dodecil sulfato de sódio (SDS) para investigação dessas propriedades. Encontrou-se valores de resistência a tração, módulo de Young e elongação de 3,49 a 38,78 MPa; 1,97 a 14,16 MPa; e 16,40 a 120,49%, respectivamente. Quanto a propriedade de barreira de permeabilidade a vapor de água encontrou-se faixa de baixo valor de 5,90 a 10,12 g.mm.h-1.m2.kPa-1. A espessura variou conforme a adição de surfactante, sendo de 0,10 a 0,25 mm. O tratamento com a menor concentração de surfactante (SDS e Tween 80) foi o mais eficiente, pois apresentou as melhores propriedades de barreira e foi o menos espesso, o que o classifica como sendo uma boa opção para ser utilizado como uma embalagem com intuito de revestir alimentos para sua preservação.