bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maßnahmen der kommunalen Gesundheitsförderung im Handlungsfeld Ernährung – Evaluation des Projekts „Gesunde Südstadt“ der Stadt Nürnberg
Authors: John Dennis , Röhrich Christina , Walter Verena , Pfeifer Gabi , Kohls Niko 
Published: March 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Das Projekt „Gesunde Südstadt“ hat den Schwerpunkt Gesundheitsförderung in der Lebenswelt Kommune. Es wurde im Rahmen des „Präventionsgesetzes“ (SGB V §20a) initiiert und zielt ab auf die Verringerung der gesundheitlichen Ungleichheit in der Stadt Nürnberg. Die Maßnahmen der kommunalen Gesundheitsförderung im Handlungsfeld Ernährung wurden durch eine externe multiperspektivische, multimethodische Prozess- und Ergebnisevaluation begleitend untersucht.
Methoden 55 Maßnahmenberichte, 8 Interviews mit Teilnehmenden sowie 3 Interviews mit Maßnahmendurchführenden wurden mit qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Eine Teilnehmendenbefragung (n=35) mittels Fragebögen wurde quantitativ-statistisch ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Gesundheitsförderungsmaßnahmen durch die Teilnehmenden eine hohe Akzeptanz erfuhren und ein ausgeprägtes Maß an Partizipation ermöglicht wurde. Weiterhin zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass die Maßnahmen die interaktive sowie die funktionale Gesundheitskompetenz förderten. Ein empirisches Pfadmodell für kommunale Gesundheitsförderungsprojekte wurde abgeleitet.
Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse belegen gesundheitsförderliche Effekte eines verhältnis- und verhaltensbasierten, kommunalen Ansatzes zur Gesundheitsförderung bei Teilnehmenden an Maßnahmen im Handlungsfeld Ernährung. Das Projekt „Gesunde Südstadt“ stellt einen systematischen, lebensweltrelevanten und niedrigschwelligen Ansatz der soziallagenbezogenen Gesundheitsförderung im kommunalen Setting dar. Methodische Einschränkungen, wie das Querschnittsdesign der Studie, werden diskutiert.
A Surprising Cause of Contained Aortic Rupture: Perforation from a Lumbar Osteophyte
Authors: Kontopodis Nikolaos , Ioannou Christos V. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe describe a patient with contained aortic rupture due to perforation from a protruding lumbar osteophyte, who was treated by open surgery. This case underlines that less common aortic pathologies are possible, which require a high suspicion index to be diagnosed.
Novel Mechanisms for Resolution of Liver Inflammation: Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Kaufmann Benedikt , Reca Agustina , Kim Andrea D. , Feldstein Ariel E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTraditional concepts have classically viewed resolution of inflammation as a passive process yet insight into the pathways by which inflammation is resolved has challenged this idea. Resolution has been revealed as a highly dynamic and active event that is essential to counteract the dysregulated inflammatory response that drives diverse disease states. Abrogation of the hepatic inflammatory response through the stimulation of proresolving mechanisms represents a new paradigm in the setting of chronic inflammatory-driven liver diseases. Elucidation of the role of different cells of the innate and adaptive immune system has highlighted the interplay between them as an important orchestrator of liver repair. A finely tuned interaction between neutrophils and macrophages has risen as revolutionary mechanism that drives the restoration of hepatic function and architecture. Specialized proresolving mediators have also been shown to act as stop signals of the inflammatory response and promote resolution as well as tissue regeneration. In this review, we discuss the discovery and understanding of the mechanisms by which inflammation is resolved and highlight novel proresolving pathways that represent promising therapeutic strategies.
Predictors of Severity of Scrub Typhus in Children Requiring Pediatric Intensive Care Admission
Authors: Khemka Arpita , Sarkar Mihir , Basu Ankika , Dey Partha Pratim , Chowdhoury Satyabrata Roy , Mandal Kalyanbrata 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjective of our study was to determine the clinical characteristics and laboratory profile of scrub typhus patients requiring pediatric intensive care admission and to find out risk factors for the severity of illness. This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted on 1-month to 12-year-old children admitted with scrub typhus in a tertiary care pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Relevant demographic, clinical, laboratory, treatment, and outcome-related data were documented. The severity of the disease was measured in the form of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). With further correlation, and univariate and multivariate analyses, factors associated with severe disease were identified. During the study period, out of 586 PICU admission, 62 patients (10.6%) were diagnosed with scrub typhus. The mean age was 63.85 ± 52.78 months, where infants constituted 32.3% of the total population. Fever was present in 100% of the cases. Common indications of PICU admission were: respiratory distress 42 (67.7%), altered sensorium 41 (66.1%), convulsion 37 (59.7%), and shock 31 (50%). Total number of patients with MODS was 40 (64.5%). The case fatality rate was 8%. On multivariate analysis, infant age group (p = 0.02), altered sensorium (p = 0.001), reduced urine output (p = 0.02), thrombocytopenia (p = 0.001), raised C-reactive protein (p = 0.004), hyponatremia (p = 0.005), hypoalbuminemia (p = 0.01), deranged international normalized ratio (p = 0.02), and hyperferritinemia (p = 0.02) came out to be independent factors in predictability for development of MODS. Multiorgan dysfunction is a life-threatening manifestation of scrub typus in children, which necessitates PICU admission. Infant age group, presence of altered sensorium, reduced urine output, thrombocytopenia, elevated inflammatory markers, coagulopathy, hypoalbuminemia, and hyponatremia predict risk for MODS.
Thumb Carpometacarpal Joint Pathoanatomy—A Computed Tomography-Based Study
Authors: Al-Tawil Karam , Garner Madeleine , Antonios Tony , Compson Jonathan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Thumb carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) osteoarthritis is common and can lead to significant morbidity making it a condition frequently treated by hand surgeons when initial conservative measures fail. The surrounding ligamentous structures are complex and important to maintain thumb CMCJ stability.
Objectives The aim of this study was to review the normal and arthritic anatomy of the thumb CMCJ, focusing on morphology and position of osteophytes and the gap between metacarpal bases, and the effect of these on intermetacarpal ligament integrity. This may be the sole ligament suspending the first metacarpal following trapeziectomy and could determine the need for further stabilization during surgery, avoiding potential future failures.
Methods Computed tomography (CT) scans of a normal cohort and those with arthritic changes who had undergone trapeziectomy following the scan were identified. The three-dimensional reconstructions were examined for osteophyte position on the saddle and the intermetacarpal distance.
Results A total of 55 patients, 30 normal and 25 arthritic, were identified and studied. The most common anatomic position for osteophytes was the intermetacarpal ulnar aspect of the trapezium. The intermetacarpal distance increased by an average of 2.1 mm in the presence of the arthritic process.
Conclusions The findings point to an increase in the intermetacarpal distance, and hence lengthening of the ligament with potential damage, possibly secondary to osteophyte formation and wear. Further prospective research is required to determine whether using preoperative CT scanning to define osteophyte position and measure the intermetacarpal distance would predict probable damage to the ligament, hence providing an indication for stabilization and reconstruction in trapeziectomy surgery.
Level of Evidence This is a Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Medium-Term Outcomes for Amandys Implant: A 5-Year Minimum Follow-Up of 63 Cases
Authors: Tanwin Youssouf , Maes-Clavier Catherine , Lestienne Victor , Gaisne Etienne , Loubersac Thierry , Kerjean Yves , Bellemère Philippe 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Amandys is a pyrocarbon interposition implant used as a therapeutic alternative to total wrist fusion (TWF) or total wrist arthroplasty (TWA) in painful and disabling extensive destruction of the wrist.
Objective To review mid-term outcomes in a continuous prospective series of patients who underwent wrist arthroplasty Amandys with a minimum follow-up of 5 years.
Methods Clinical evaluation included a satisfaction survey, pain, two functional scores, the short version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) and the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE), active wrist mobility, and grip strength compared with the contralateral side. Radiological evaluation was used to detect implant subsidence, carpal migration, bone lysis, or implant malposition. All per- and postoperative complications were collected.
Results Fifty-nine patients (63 procedures) were evaluated with a mean follow-up of 7 years; 57% of the patients were males, and the mean age was 58 years. Among the patients, 90% were satisfied or very satisfied. Pain was significantly improved, with a gain of 4/10 (p < 0.001). Functional outcomes also improved between the second and fifth year of follow-up. Active mobility was preserved and grip strength was significantly improved by 7 kg (p < 0.001). No implant subsidence or carpal migration was observed. Ten patients (11.9%) underwent revision surgery for conflict (1%), rotation (6%), or implant dislocation (5%). All complications and revisions occurred early with no new events after 1 year of follow-up.
Discussion Mid-term clinical and radiological outcomes were stable with improvement of functional scores. The survival rate was comparable to that reported for TWF with conserved mobility. We report fewer complications compared with those reported for TWA or TWF. Early instability of the implant was the main etiology of the revisions. Repositioning of the implant was successful. No conversion to TWA or TWF was necessary.
Conclusions Mid-term outcomes of the Amandys implants were encouraging. Patients conserved good wrist motion with improved strength and functional scores. The implant was well tolerated. Functional outcomes continue to improve with the follow-up. The survival rate remains stable after 2 years. The level of evidence of this study is IV (therapeutic case series).
The ascent and descent of banks’ risk-based capital regulation
Authors: Mérő Katalin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe emergence of risk-based capital regulation that is allowing banks to use their internal risk models for regulatory purposes was among the main regulatory developments prior to the financial crisis. During the crisis, it became evident these models underestimated the level of risk. The post-crisis regulatory approach brought a reversal of policy by significantly reducing the scope of risk-based capital regulation and making regulations less risk-sensitive. At first glance, this appears to be a step back toward an antiquated, less sophisticated regulatory regime. This article analyses these two regulatory policy transformations: from less risk-sensitive to risk-based before the crisis and from risk-based to less risk-sensitive subsequently. Its main conclusion is that a mixed regulatory system is superior to either purely non-risk-sensitive or purely risk-based regulation, because a mixed system can help mitigate the negative incentives of both non-risk-sensitive and risk-based regulation.
Noncanonical immune response to the inhibition of DNA methylation by Staufen1 via stabilization of endogenous retrovirus RNAs
Authors: Ku Yongsuk , Park Joo-Hwan , Cho Ryeongeun , Lee Yongki , Park Hyoung-Min , Kim MinA , Hur Kyunghoon , Byun Soo Young , Liu Jun , Lee Young-suk , Shum David , Shin Dong-Yeop , Koh Youngil , Cho Je-Yoel , Yoon Sung-Soo , Hong Junshik , Kim Yoosik 
Published: March 2021

Significance
Understanding the working mechanism of a chemotherapy drug is a critical step toward achieving the patient-specific treatment strategy. Decitabine is an FDA-approved drug being used to treat myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we employed an image-based screening platform to investigate the downstream factors of decitabine. We find that an RNA-binding protein Staufen1 (Stau1) is required for decitabine-mediated cancer cell death. We show that Stau1 stabilizes endogenous retrovirus RNAs induced by decitabine and transforms cells into the viral mimicry state. Indeed, MDS/AML patients with lower Stau1 expression show inferior response to decitabine. Our study unravels stabilization of key regulatory RNAs by Stau1 and suggests its potential use to predict decitabine-mediated therapy outcomes in clinics.
Evidence-gathering in police interviews
Authors: Filipović Luna 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this chapter I discuss the many complexities that police officers have to deal with in their communication with
suspects. Investigative interviewing is a very complex communicative situation in itself, with a number of different psychological
and sociological variables at play during each interview. In addition, suspect interviews bring about an additional dimension of
complexity, which is driven by the fact that a basic principle of conversation, cooperation (Grice 1975) is often not respected and is sometimes severely and purposefully violated,
for example when suspects are guilty and want to obscure that very fact or when they believe that their situation would worsen if
they cooperated with the police. A further layer of complexity is added when the interviews are carried out via an interpreter,
where the fact that the officer and the suspect speak different languages during the interview creates additional barriers to
straightforward communication.
In the present chapter, I identify a number of points at which communication difficulties are encountered in this
highly sensitive legal context. For this purpose, I analyse authentic interview datasets provided by two UK police constabularies,
and also make comparisons with examples from transcripts of authentic US police interrogations. In addition, I highlight the
issues that arise when professional interpretation is not available and when bilingual police officers assume the dual role of
investigator-interpreter. Finally, I suggest possible solutions that can help remove the hurdles standing in the way of efficient and
accurate gathering of communication evidence.
Until There's Nothing Left: Caregiver Resource Provision to Youth with Opioid use Disorders
Authors: Ludwig Ariel , Monico Laura B. , Lertch Elizabeth , Schwartz Robert P. , Fishman Marc , Mitchell Shannon Gwin 
Published: March 2021

Background and Aims Despite the considerable literature associating certain characteristics of caregivers and family structures with risks of adolescent/young adult (youth) substance use, there has been little study of the role of caregivers in opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment outcomes. This qualitative study sought to understand and contextualize the factors that influenced the resources caregivers provided their youth after residential treatment. Methods In order to improve understandings of the role caregivers play both during and after residential OUD treatment, 31 caregivers of youth who were in a residential substance use disorder treatment center were interviewed at baseline, three-months, and six-months following their youth's discharge. Results This analysis focused on the provision of caregiver resources and identified three key influences – OUD understandings and expectations, relationships with youth, and the emotional toll on caregivers. This has important implications as residential treatment success rates are relatively low among this population. Conclusions These findings suggest that engagement of caregivers and families in outpatient care following residential treatment could offer an important opportunity for interventions that promote youth recovery.
Return of the Quaaludes? Prolonged Agitated Delirium after Intentional Ingestion of the Methaqualone Analog SL-164 – a Case Report
Authors: Romanek Katrin , Fels Helena , Dame Torsten , Skopp Gisela , Musshoff Frank , Eiglmeier Hans , Eyer Florian 
Published: March 2021

Background A 22-year-old male with a known history of drug abuse presented to our department with prolonged agitated delirium, myocloni, tachycardia and subfebrile temperature after the deliberate ingestion of opium poppy tea ( Papaver somniferum L.) together with the methaqualone analog SL-164 (5-chloro-3-(4-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-2-methyl-4( 3H)-quinazolinone) which is sold online as a designer drug. Methods SL-164 and its hydroxy metabolites were detected in serum and urine via liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS). Results The pronounced delirium was treated with benzodiazepines and neuroleptics; temporary medical restraint had to be applied. Symptoms completely resolved over the next 72 h and the patient was discharged on day three able to give consent. Conclusions Although methaqualone was a popular and widespread sedative in the 1950s and 60 s before its discontinuation in the USA in 1985, derivatives of the methaqualone class have not previously played a large role as drugs of abuse in the rapidly growing market of new psychoactive substances. To our knowledge, this is the first case of agitated delirium with detection of SL-164 and hydroxylated metabolites in a patient's serum and urine.
A method for detecting continuous gravitational wave signals from an ensemble of known pulsars
Authors: Buono M , De Rosa R , D’Onofrio L , Errico L , Palomba C , Piccinni O J , Sequino V 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This work describes a method to improve the detection efficiency for continuous gravitational waves by combining information from known pulsars, which emission is too low to be individually detectable. We propose a new ensemble statistic t, which combines statistics from individual pulsars, defined through the five-vector method. Using a collection of band sample data files from the LIGO science run O2, we test the method with software injections in order to study the statistical properties of t. We also study the performance of our method by varying the number of injected signals and their amplitude. We propose and test a possible strategy for the application of the ensemble method to a set of real pulsars.
Schrödinger’s cat for de Sitter spacetime
Authors: Foo Joshua , Mann Robert B , Zych Magdalena 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Quantum gravity is expected to contain descriptions of semiclassical spacetime geometries in quantum superpositions. To date, no framework for modelling such superpositions has been devised. Here, we provide a new phenomenological description for the response of quantum probes (i.e. Unruh–deWitt detectors) on a spacetime manifold in quantum superposition. By introducing an additional control degree of freedom, one can assign a Hilbert space to the spacetime, allowing it to exist in a superposition of spatial or curvature states. Applying this approach to static de Sitter space, we discover scenarios in which the effects produced by the quantum spacetime are operationally indistinguishable from those induced by superpositions of Rindler trajectories in Minkowski spacetime. The distinguishability of such quantum spacetimes from superpositions of trajectories in flat space reduces to the equivalence or non-equivalence of the field correlations between the superposed amplitudes.
Bayesian search for gravitational wave bursts in pulsar timing array data
Authors: Bécsy Bence , Cornish Neil J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The nanohertz frequency band explored by pulsar timing arrays provides a unique discovery space for gravitational wave (GW) signals. In addition to signals from anticipated sources, such as those from supermassive black hole binaries, some previously unimagined sources may emit transient GWs (a.k.a. bursts) with unknown morphology. Unmodeled transients are not currently searched for in this frequency band, and they require different techniques from those currently employed. Possible sources of such GW bursts in the nanohertz regime are parabolic encounters of supermassive black holes, cosmic string cusps and kinks, or other, as-yet-unknown phenomena. In this paper we present BayesHopperBurst, a Bayesian search algorithm capable of identifying generic GW bursts by modeling both coherent and incoherent transients as a sum of Morlet–Gabor wavelets. A trans-dimensional reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo sampler is used to select the number of wavelets best describing the data. We test BayesHopperBurst on various simulated datasets including different combinations of signals and noise transients. Its capability to run on real data is demonstrated by analyzing data of the pulsar B1855 + 09 from the NANOGrav 9 year dataset. Based on a simulated dataset resembling the NANOGrav 12.5 year data release, we predict that at our most sensitive time–frequency location we will be able to probe GW bursts with a root-sum-squared amplitude higher than ∼5 × 10−11 Hz−1/2, which corresponds to ∼40M
⊙
c
2 emitted in GWs at a fiducial distance of 100 Mpc.
The added mass of a falling coffee filter
Authors: Boyle C , Pantaleone J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Falling coffee filters are a common object of study in introductory physics laboratory classes. They are usually used to demonstrate the terminal velocity, and determine how the drag force depends on this velocity. However they can also be used to demonstrate other ways that the air affects the motion of the falling coffee filter. In particular, a qualitatively different fluid force acts during the initial acceleration from rest, and causes this acceleration to be much less than the acceleration of an object in vacuum. This fluid force, commonly known as the ‘added mass’, is easily observable with coffee filters using either a sonic motion sensor or video analysis. Here the added mass is experimentally measured for a falling coffee filter. In addition, the theoretical value for the added mass of a coffee filter moving through an ideal fluid is calculated. The two values agree relatively well. Finally, it is shown how the added mass is relevant to experiments that only measure the terminal velocity.
Laboratory application of sampling approaches to inverse scattering
Authors: Pourahmadian Fatemeh , Yue Hao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This study presents an experimental investigation of the recently established generalized linear sampling method (GLSM) (Pourahmadian et al 2017 Inverse Problems
33 055007) for non-destructive evaluation of damage in elastic materials. To this end, ultrasonic shear waves are generated in a prismatic slab of charcoal granite featuring a discontinuity interface induced by the three-point bending (3PB). The interaction of probing waves with the 3PB-induced damage gives rise to transient velocity responses measured on the sample’s boundary by a 3D scanning laser Doppler vibrometer. Thus obtained waveform data are then carefully processed to retrieve the associated spectra of scattered displacement fields. On deploying multifrequency sensory data, the GLSM indicators are computed and their counterparts associated with the classical linear sampling method (LSM) (Cakoni and Colton 2003 Inverse Problems
19 279–95) for comparative analysis. Verified with in situ observations, the GLSM map successfully exposes the support of hidden scatterers in the specimen with a remarkable clarity and resolution compared to its predecessor LSM. It is further shown that the GLSM remains robust for sparse and partial-aperture data inversion, thanks to its rigorous formulation. For completeness, the one-sided reconstruction by both indicators is investigated.