bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Researches on Amaranthus sp. Seed and Biomass Production in Pedoclimatic Conditions of Somesan Plateau, Romania
Authors: RUSU Teodor , MARIN Doru Ioan , CIONTU Costica , MIHALACHE Mircea , MORARU Paula Ioana , SOPTEREAN Mara Lucia , POP Adrian Ioan , POP Lavinia Ioana 
Published: December 2021

The Amaranthus genotype species are cultivated as „pseudo cereals” because of their high content of carbohydrates, proteins and fats, comparable or even superior to cereals themselves. The experience aims to test the vegetative development of Amaranthus sp., in order to integrate it in the agricultural technologies, adaptated to climatic conditions from Somesan Plateau. Varieties tested are: Alegria, Amont, Pleisman, Golden, Mercado, Burgundi, Hopi Red Dye, Chihuahn, Opopeo, MT3, Plenitude and Intense Purpure.
Results obtained in seeds production of Amaranthus sp. shows very significant positive production of variants with densities of 100,000 plants/ha. Interaction of the variety of Amaranthus sp. upon density is much more diversified on the yields obtained and shows in case of density 70,000 plants/ha superiority of the variants: Alegria, Amont, Golden and Plenitude, and in case of 100,000 plants/ha variants: Amont, Golden, Hopi Red Dye, Plenitude and Intense Purpure. Influence of variety of Amaranthus sp. on biomass production shows the variants with the highest productivity as it follows: Plenitude, Alegria, Amont, Intense Purpure. Influence of density on biomass productivity of Amaranthus sp. is similar with the seeds productivity, namely 100,000 plants/ha provides very significant positive production compared with the average of the variants.
Approaches and Developments Regarding the Recognition and Evaluation af Property, Plant and Equipment. The Impairment Test
Authors: SIMTION Daniela , LUCA Roxana 
Published: December 2021

The general accounting IASB framework for preparing and presenting financial statements sets the reference accounting model based on the recoverable historical cost and on the concept of nominal financial capital maintenance.
Going back to the regulations of the IAS, after recognition, a tangible asset can be measured and recorded in the accounts by choosing between two models – the model for determining the cost, and the revaluation model – following the permissiveness of the IAS.
Accounting must be at the same time normative (regulatory), meaning what must be (see the norms), positive, meaning what is (see the specific practices) and constructive, what isn’t (see synchronic and diachronic).
Standards are necessary to bring more uniformity in the accounting records. A global accounting requires rigid standards.
Setting up a Sustainable Training Center for Agricultural Consultancy in the North West and Central Region of Romania
Authors: ŞTEFĂNESCU Sorin Liviu , VIDICAN Roxana , MĂRGHITAŞ Liviu , SCHROEDER Ekkehardt , STERIU Simona 
Published: December 2021

The Modernizing of Agricultural Knowledge and Information System (MAKIS) Project, financed through the World Bank Loan no. 4758-Ro, had through the component “Support for Advisory and Information Systems” (Official Monitor, 2005), the objective to set up Training and Information Centers in the main regions in Romania. A functional TIC for agriculture for the North-West and Central Region of Romania (counties Alba, Bistriţa, Cluj, Harghita, Maramureş, Mureş, Satu Mare, Sălaj), was set, fully integrated to and hosted by the USAMV Cluj.
It was planned as a permanent training and information center with wider and structured curricula as well as information providers for topics of regional importance that are readily accessible and applicable for the agricultural/rural population. Its main tasks are to: i) gather knowledge on agricultural technologies from within the country and abroad in order to meet both the farmers needs as well as EU requirements, ii) develop relevant extension packages and training modules for selected topics for each agro-farming area; iii) train trainers and providers of agricultural extension and advisory services and provide them accreditation, iv) train trainers and inspectors within the food safety system and provide them accreditation and v) train researchers on how to develop research proposals and integrate within the European Research area.
The training activity started in October 2008 and is ongoing. Overall there were trained: 80 food safety inspectors, 40 researchers and 400 extension staff. Each training session was organized for 20 participants and lasted between 1 (for researchers) to 4 weeks (for consultants).
The Importance of Humidity on Agricultural and Forestry Biomass in the Process of Pellets and Agri-Pellets Production
Authors: VLĂDUŢ Valentin , CHIŢOIU Mihai , DANCIU Aurel , MILITARU Mirela , LEHR Carol 
Published: December 2021

Renewable energy represents a major interest field in the sustainable development of the energies reserve. Agri-pellets are an efficient version of the average pellet, both in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and in reducing energy costs. Agri-pellets are obtained through mixtures of vegetal and forestry waste, being an alternative to the usual pellets because the material that is used in the process can be easily found, especially in the case of farms.
Agricultural and forestry biomass represent the raw material for pellets and agri-pellets processing, a product that is used as an alternative energy source to classic versions (wood). The mixtures humidity is very important because it has a major impact on product quality. Determining the ideal humidity for each type of pellets/agri-pellets is important in order to establish optimal mixtures, this paper presenting research results on determining the humidity influence on pellet and agri-pellet recipes.
Food Safety Procedures and Food Law Principles in European Union
Authors: NEACSU Ana Laura , TOFANA Maria 
Published: December 2021

With a view to adopting a comprehensive, integrated "farm to table" approach, legislation must cover all aspects of the food production chain: primary production, processing, transport, distribution through to the sale or supply of food and feed. At all stages of this chain, the legal responsibility for ensuring the safety of foodstuffs rests with the operator and a similar system should apply to feed business operators.
The White Paper on Food Safety emphasizes the need for a policy underpinned by a sound scientific basis and up-to-date legislation. The EU legislation is designed to restore consumer confidence in the wake of recent food-related crises, with all the interested parties having a part to play: the general public, non-governmental organizations, professional associations, trading partners and international trade organizations.
The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) enhances the current scientific and technical support system and its main task is to provide assistance and independent scientific advice, and to create a network geared to close cooperation with similar bodies in the Member States.
The recent food crises have shown that it is necessary to improve the procedures relating to food safety. For this reason, the scope of the rapid alert system was extended to cover animal feed and to identify measures to be taken in emergencies and for crisis management. A Standing Committee on the Food Chain and Animal Health is also being set up to replace the existing committees
In vitro Behaviour and Effects on Cells Induced by Functionalized NanoGold and NanoSilver Particles I. Preparation and Stability Studies of Au- and Ag-conjugates with Thiol - containing Molecules
Authors: SOCACIU Carmen , STANILA Andreea , TRIF Monica , ASTILEAN Simion 
Published: December 2021

Our studies aim the preparation of functionalized Au and Ag colloids invitro, the dynamics of conjugation and stability in functionalized forms (by conjugation with cysteine, glutathione, insulin, albumin) (in this first part of article) as well and to study their action on cells (second part). Such investigations can prove that natural ways of Au and Ag functionalization, by formation of stable conjugates, with S-containing biomolecules can be active at cellular level and can act synergistically as protective, antioxidant agents. We determined dimensions of colloid Au (AuC) vs colloid Ag (AgC) and found out mean values between 0.863m to 0.86 m.Using a calibration curve for AuC in the range 350-800 nm, we found a good correlation concentration-absorption units and the best dilutions to be used in conjugation experiments (1:2-1:5 ).
The kinetic of AuC conjugation with four different molecules (cystein, BSA, insulin and glutathion), was specifically expressed by shifts of around 3 nm (for cystein, insulin and albumin) suggesting that AuC cannot make directly stable conjugates with these molecules. The same kinetic, tested for AuC-glutathion, showed spectacular change of color from red to blue and shifts of the absorbtion of conjugated forms, up to 16 nm (from 600 to 616 nm). Contrasting to Au, AgC in the presence of glutathion did not show modifications of absorptions, nor color changes. Therefore, we consider that Ag cannot conjugate glutathion and it is not useful to test it on cell cultures in vitro. Using different pHs (from 3 to 8) we observed an increase of conjugation capacity of AuC with glutathione, up to values 7-7.5. At extreme values (pH 3 and 8) the conjugation is not possible.
Theoretical and Practical Aspects Regarding Property in Environmental Law
Authors: CULDA Sidonia 
Published: December 2021

This article analyses the problem of property in environmental law from the point of view of obligations natural persons or legal entities have for the protection of the surrounding environment.
Environmental policy shall set the strategies, methods and means used in actions that have environmental protection as their final aim. This type of policy may only be conceived in the general context of economic development, with mid-term and long term economic and social prognosis.
In our legal system we have legal regulations on soil protection, forest funds and human settlements.
There is a simple and natural correlation between economic activities, environmental protection and environmental law.
We also consider that co-involvement is essential in environmental law for environmental protection and development. This should be based on the idea of owner, economic agent and producer.
Degrees of Extinsion Risk in Farm Animal Populations
Authors: PARASCHIVESCU Marcel Theodor , BOGDAN Alexandru , PARASCHIVESCU Marcel , IPATE Iudith , TOBA George Florea 
Published: December 2021

In the last time a sustained activity for defending the biodiversity in the nature has evolved. In order to classify the degree of extinction risk in natural biological populations (biological species) the number of adult animals was preferred.
The established degrees of risk are: in safety state >10000 heads, in vulnerably state heads, species in danger heads, species in critical state
IMPROVEMENT OF DOUGH RHEOLOGY AND BREAD QUALITY BY ENZYMES COMBINATION
Authors: Banu Iuliana , Stoenescu Georgeta , Ionescu Violeta 
Published: December 2021

In present, most mills from our country obtain brown wheat flour in intermediate extraction, besides white flour, and its quality is mostly inadequate and unconstant. Our paper's purpose was the
optimization of the brown wheat flour's quality with the help o enzymes, using some of its beneficial properties. The sinergic effect of Aspergillus niger laccase and phytase, and cereal ?-amylase (Belpan) on the rheological properties of wheat flour were examined with the Mixolab test. The bread obtained from wheat flour with laccase and ?-amylase displayed an increased volume, without the problem of soaking during processing,
compared with the bread obtained from the witness sample. An indirect correlation between falling number values and Belpan doses was obtained.
Tax Compliance: Approaches to Understanding
Authors: Tsaregradskaya Yu. K. 
Published: December 2021

The paper is aimed at researching tax compliance from various theoretical points of view. It was determined that at present tax compliance is considered most often in the context of a narrow and wide interpretation of this term. In the first case, we are talking about tax risk management, and in the second— complying with tax laws. In this regard, we can draw a conclusion about an economic and legal understanding of the institution under consideration. However, it should be borne in mind that tax compliance is aimed at implementing an effective tax policy both at the micro level and at the national level. The study of foreign experience led to the conclusion that in domestic practice of tax relations more attention should be paid to the psychological comfort of taxpayers, which will contribute to their more legitimate behavior, as well as successful interaction with tax authorities.The author summarizes that the importance of tax revenues to the budget of any state determines the development of an effective tax policy of the state in order to comply with tax legislation. Understanding of tax compliance is diverse. It is based on either a broad or narrow interpretation of this term, on the emphasis made on either its legal or economic aspect. It can be interpreted as an internal policy of a taxpayer related to the payment of taxes and fees, as well as an assessment of tax risks or compliance with tax legislation by all participants in the relevant relationship. The effectiveness of tax compliance largely depends upon interaction between taxpayers and tax authorities. Achieving a similar effect is possible by studying and using the experience of other countries that provide tax authorities with more functions to advice taxpayers.
Arbitration Hearing with Remote Participation: Necessary Innovations that Irreversibly Change Traditions
Authors: Savranskiy M. Yu. , Popova M. E. 
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic forced most arbitration centers in countries with a wide variety of legal traditions to switch to mass arbitration hearings in video conferencing mode in the spring of 2020. It turned out that hearings with remote participation of representatives of the parties, and sometimes arbitrators, have a number of advantages compared to regular hearings. A number of new possibilities arises and thus compensates the loss of certain possibilities adherent in physical presence of arbitration participants at hearings. The authors argue that most of the obstacles and shortcomings of the new format as a whole can be overcome with modern regulatory development, law enforcement, software, and hardware tools. The paper examines, among other things, the experience of the Arbitration Center at the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, whose software and hardware complex and previously modernized arbitration rules made it possible to safely switch to a new mode of operation. New documents of international origin in this area are also being considered, indicating the need to ensure a balance between the effectiveness of arbitration proceedings on the one hand and the right of the parties to due process and fair treatment on the other.The authors conclude that there will not be a complete return to the previous practice with the end of the pandemic. However, a certain part of the meetings, taking into account the circumstances of the disputes, will return offline, the popularity of various mixed (hybrid) options will increase, which will not be difficult to put into practice due to the flexibility of the arbitration procedure. The flexibility of arbitration and the delegation to arbitrators of a number of issues related to the organization and conduct of arbitration proceedings, which require that opinions of the parties should be requested and considered in order to solve the dispute, makes it possible to ensure the optimal “format” of the arbitration procedure given the specific circumstances of the dispute. This procedure provides its participants, among other things, a reasonable and sufficient opportunity to present their positions, ensuring equal treatment of the parties and adversarial while ensuring the real effectiveness of the arbitration procedure, which allows in modern conditions to properly implement the principles on which arbitration is based.
Excursion of The Median, Ulnar and Radial Nerves During the Nerve Gliding Exercises Used in The Orthopedic Physiotherapy: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: DUMAN İbrahim , DAVUL Serkan , HALLAÇELİ Hasan , DOĞRAMACI Yunus , URUÇ Vedat 
Published: December 2021

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the measurement of nerve gliding, resulting from joint motion and changes of upper extremity position.
Methods: The upper extremities of ten fresh human cadavers were dissected to delineate relationship between the positioning of upper extremity and gliding distance of nerves. Nerve mobilization – stretching therapy (SMG) techniques are mentioned in the literature for each of the radial, medial and ulnar nerves. Nerve excursion secondary to motion of shoulder, elbow, wrist, and fingers was evaluated at the elbow via SMG application. Initially extremities and the head were positioned with anatomic position. For the median nerve, extremity position was elbow extension, forearm supination, wrist and finger extension. For the ulnar nerve upper extremity position was elbow flexion, full forearm pronation, and wrist and finger dorsiflexion. Finally, the excursion of the radial nerve was observed with the position of elbow extension, forearm pronation, wrist and finger palmar flexion.
Results: The ulnar, radial and median nerves excursion were 13.5, 29.75 and 11.37 mm respectively.
Conclusion: In this study, longitudinal excursion movement of radial, median and ulnar nerves was observed with movements of shoulder, elbow, wrist and finger joints in different positions. SMG techniques can contribute to the mobilization of nerve tissue in orthopedic rehabilitation.
The Effect of Glenohumeral Joint Injection Prior to Physical Therapy on Treatment Outcomes in Adhesive Capsulitis
Authors: MENGİ Alper 
Published: December 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate whether ultrasound-guided intraarticular (IA) glenohumeral injection applied before physical therapy and exercise therapy program (PTETP) contributes to the treatment outcomes in patients with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder (ACS).
Methods: The medical records of 93 patients diagnosed with ACS who underwent the same physical therapy modalities five sessions per week for three weeks (consisted of superficial heating (infrared), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and therapeutic ultrasound) and exercise therapy program between October 1, 2019–March 1, 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. A total of 41 patients who met inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into two groups in terms of injection application. Patients who were applied ultrasound guided IA glenohumeral injections before PTETP were considered “injection patients” (n=19), while other patients were considered “non-injection patients” (n=22). The active and passive range of motion (ROM), severity of pain, and degrees of pain and disability of the affected shoulders were assessed at baseline (day 0) and end of PTETP (day 21).
Results: Physical therapy modalities and exercise therapy used in ACS treatment had a positive effect on pain scores, ROM, and disability scores at the end of three weeks. It was determined that ultrasound-guided IA injection prior to this treatment the positive effect on daytime and nighttime pain but did not provide additional benefit on ROM or disability.
Conclusion:Ultrasound-guided glenohumeral IA injection therapy before PTETP may be beneficial in ACS patients with predominant symptoms of pain.
Male Breast Cancer: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: ESMER Ahmet Cem , DAĞ Ahmet , BERKEŞOĞLU Mustafa , TAZEOĞLU Deniz 
Published: December 2021

Objective: Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease, accounting for less than 1% of breast and male cancers. Because of the low incidence, most of the clinical decisions for MBC have been derived from the experience of treatment of breast cancer in females. MBC is generally detected in advanced stages due to a lack of social awareness as it occurs in breast cancer in females. In this study, it was aimed to compare our clinical experience with MBC with current literature.
Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 21 men who were diagnosed with MBC between January 2008 and January 2018 at the Department of General Surgery of Mersin University School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey.
Results: Unilateral malign breast lesions were identified in 21 male patients that 17 are primary MBC and 4 metastatic breast lesions. 15 primary MBC patients underwent primary surgical treatment, and 2 patients were directed to neoadjuvant treatment. Simple mastectomies were performed in most surgical cases. 7 patients were directly addressed to axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was performed in 8 patients. 4 patients had tumor positivity in the settings of SLNB, and further ALND was performed subsequently in these cases. None of the patients developed local recurrence in the 24-month follow-up (range 6-96 months).
Conclusion: The rarity of MBC precludes randomized clinical trials. Most of the clinical decisions for MBC have been derived from the experience of treatment of breast cancer in females. Further studies are needed to understand better MBC.
The Effect of Familial Mediterranean Fever Disease on The Cornea
Authors: ELBEYLİ Ahmet 
Published: December 2021

Objective: To investigate corneal structural in patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF).
Methods: This case-control study included 64 patients with FMF and, 49 age and gender similar healthy subjects without any eye disease. Endothelial cell density (ECD), the coefficient of variation in cell size (CV) and percentage of hexagonality were measured by non-contact specular microscopy, central corneal thickness (CCT) was measured by ultrasonic pachymetry.
Results: The mean CCT value was 516.89± 32.23 μm in the study group and 545.12±24.56 μm in the control group. The mean ECD, CV, and percentage of hexagonality values were 3402.51±383.84 cells/mm², 26.72±4.55%, and 68.60±8.63%in the study group, respectively and 3339.46±322.60 cells/mm², 27.59± 5.23%, and 67.34± 9.38% in the control group, respectively. Of these parameters, the CCT values were statistically significantly different between the study and control groups (p = 0.011).
Conclusion: Compared to healthy individuals, patients with FMF may have significant morphological changes in the structure of the cornea.