bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical properties of zinc oxide thin film fabricated by spraying deposition method
Authors: Sulhadi  , Muqoyyanah  , Darsono T , Wahyuni S , Sugianto  , Marwoto P 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a semiconductor material which commonly used for optoelectronic devices due to its several advantages. Various ZnO thin film synthesis or fabrication method have widely developed to produce the desired material with excellent properties, such as low resistivity, high transmittance, and simpler experiment procedures. This work focused on the utilization of spraying deposition as a new method to fabricate ZnO thin film. Based on UV-Vis measurement, all of the fabricated ZnO thin films presented high transmittance over 80%. In addition, the optimum spraying distance was found to be 20 cm which resulted transmittance and Eg
value of 98.6% and 3.95 eV, respectively. This method presented a lower cost and simpler method to fabricate ZnO thin film.
Analysis of PWM- and MPPT-solar charge controller efficiency by simulation
Authors: Fianti  , Perdana AY , Astuti B , Akhlis I 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Indonesia is a tropical country having high potential of solar energy. In contrary, solar irradiation is varied due to obstruction of the sun by clouds, the difference of intensity of the sun all day, the occurrence of clouds during the rainy season, and the presence of fog in certain areas making it irradiation rate of solar light thus causing the solar cell output power to be varied and not optimum. Therefore, control device is needed to stabilize output power from solar cell, called solar charge controller. This study aims were to measure its efficiency values and compare two type of SCC, i.e. PWM and MPPT. Solar cell voltage and current were obtained by measuring those parameters manually from solar panel on the field and analysed by MATLAB. The data showed that power value, voltage, and influx produced by MPPT were 6.23 W, 12.39 V, 4.9 A and PWM were 6.04 W, 12.16 V, 4.8 A. Average efficiency value of PWM was 172% and MPPT was 177%. Data analysis revealed that MPPT have superiority accorded to its power value, voltage, and influx compared to PWM. By this, MPPT was preference application onto solar harvesting system.
Optical properties of a low-temperature bioactive glass powders
Authors: Nurbaiti U , Rahmawati I , Radandima A , Dewi A K , Yulianto A , Sumpono I , Astuti B 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The bioactive glass powders have been synthesis by sol-gel method at low temperature. The silica used as the starting material in this study is silica purified from natural sand with mass variations for amorphous silica and phase variations (Quartz, amorphous). Analysis of the FTIR curves in samples BA1, BA2, BA3 and BQ showed that a lot of group bonds on Bioactive Glass had been formed for all samples. There are Si-O symmetric stretching functional groups (823-825 cm−1), Si-O-Si symmetric stretching functional groups (1047-1050 cm−1), PO4 functional groups (579-606 cm−1), as well as OH symmetry and asymmetry functional groups (3414-3435 cm−1). Meanwhile, the UV-Vis curve reveals the absorption of ultraviolet wavelengths in the range of 230-300 nm for all samples. Although the trend of sample density (BA1, BA2 and BA3) with the SiO2-amorphous starting material was indicated to decrease with the increase in mass, respectively 0.555 gram/cm3, 0.553 gram/cm3 and 0.543 gram/cm3, the highest density was achieved by the BQ sample of 0.563 gram/cm3. This density value is still higher than the density of bone tissue so that further synthesis is needed by adding an amorphous SiO2 starting material.
Implementation of creative physics experiment on the creativity of students’ ability
Authors: Sugita M I , Hartono  , Sutikno  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Creativity is the result of a creative thought, therefore the education system that is applied to the school environment should be able to build, awaken, and stimulate logical and creative thinking towards the reasoning of students. One of the ways taken is by focusing, intensifying, and directing the development of students’ abilities in solving problems or creating a work, project or product in classroom learning activities in the form of implementation of creative physics experiments through assigning tasks (Task Based Learning). The research aims were: 1. To find out the creativity of students in learning physics towards the implementation of creative Physics experiments. 2. To find out the implementation of the Task Based Learning model through creative Physics experiments on the student’s creativity. This research uses the Mix Method in the form of Sequential Explanatory design that emphasizes quantitative data as the main data, and qualitative data as supporting data. The results of the study of student’s creativity based on the achievement of indicators of creativity that was equal to ≥70% and the creativity of students based on work groups have high creativity that can be seen that has a value of ≥70%. As for the results of implementing task-based learning, it was found that it was very good. Based on these data it was concluded that the results of students’ creativity research when implementing Task Based Learning in the form of creative Physics experiments was said to be good.
The Atwood machine experiment assisted by smartphone acceleration sensor for enhancing classical mechanics experiments
Authors: Listiaji P , Darmawan M S , Dahnuss D 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNewton’s second law can be demonstrated by classical mechanical experiments, one of which is using the Atwood machine. Atwood machines consist of two weights suspended by a rope and connected by a pulley. In this study, an Atwood machine experiment was carried out, where the smartphone was placed on one of the loads, so that the vertical acceleration of the motion system could be measured easily using an acceleration sensor. We also consider the effect of pulley rotation which is usually missed from previous studies. By deriving the second law equation of Newton on rotational and translational motion, we can get the relationship between the system acceleration and the gravitational acceleration of the earth. The results of the earth’s gravitational acceleration obtained, compared with the results of the experiment using a stopwatch (conventional method), and with the value of the standard earth gravitational acceleration at that place. Earth’s gravitational acceleration from the experiment using a smartphone is closer to the standard earth gravitational acceleration value than using a stopwatch. So, in this experiment, the use of a smartphone acceleration sensor contributes to enhance a conventional demonstration of classical mechanics experiments.
Characterization of Mach Zehnder interferometer plastic optical fiber for intensity-based temperature sensor
Authors: Yulianti Ian , Putra N M Dharma , Fianti  , Rumiana H , Latif Z A F , Kurniansyah K E , Maimanah S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper presents characterization of optical temperature sensor using step-index plastic optical fiber (SI-POF) in intrinsic Mach Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structure. The MZI was developed by forming two tapers at several distance. By exploiting the wavelength dependency of spectrum intensity, measurement was done by using intensity based measurement at two different wavelengths. Characterizations were done to obtain the sensor performance which were sensitivity and hysteresis. The characterization was carried out by launching white LED to the sensor while the sensor was in temperature controlled-oven. The output spectrum was observed at the other sensor tip using spectrometer at various temperature which are 35°C to 85°C with increment of 10°C. It was found that the sensor has sensitivity and hysteresis of 1×10−3/°C and 1.97×10−2, respectively.
Back scattering method based-plastic optical fiber coupler viscosity sensors
Authors: Suhantoro M , Yulianti Ian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Viscosity determination is necessary in variety of applications such as evaluation of environmental pollution, chemical analysis, and as a material quality assessment. Optical fiber-based viscosity sensors are interested since it has various advantages compared to conventional viscosity sensors such as free from electromagnetic interference, compact and could be applied in hazard environment. This study aims to study the performance of back scattering method based viscosity sensor using optical coupler. The sensor design consists of 2×2 plastic optical fiber coupler connected with un-cladded POF as sensor head (sensor A). Characterization was done by connecting 660 nm LED as light source to the one of the coupler branch and an Ocean Optic USB4000 spectrometer to the other branch as light detector. Meanwhile, the sensor head was immersed in glycerin solution. The glycerin solution concentration was varied for various concentration which are 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80%. Sensor head without the use of optical coupler was fabricated and characterized as comparison (sensor B). The results show that sensor A has a better performance compared to sensor B in terms of linear range. The sensitivity of sensor A is -0.88584 dB/mPa.s at working range of 8.765-57.265 mPa.s with a correlation coefficient of 95.72%.
Development of HATRADI : a four tier test for diagnostic student misconception in heat transfer concept
Authors: Suhendi H Y , Ardiansyah R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Heat transfer concept is an abstract concept that creates misconceptions. Misconception is an understanding of a concept that is contrary with theory of scientists, if not immediately diagnosed it will cause a prolonged chain of misunderstandings. Diagnostic tests are one solution to identify these misconceptions. This research aims to develop a multiple choice four-tier test instrument for diagnose and identify student misconceptions on heat transfer concept. The research method used is the R&D research method with a 4D research design. The research was conducted at a school in Bandung with a sample of 60 students who were selected by purposive sampling technique. HATRADI is a diagnostic test item to capture students’ misconceptions on heat transfer concept. The results of the research stated that HATRADI was a valid and reliable instrument with a very high category. So it can be concluded that HATRADI is a four tier test instrument that is feasible to assess and identify student misconceptions on heat transfer concept.
Identification of student difficulties in understanding kinematics: focus of study on the topic of acceleration
Authors: Shodiqin M I , Taqwa M R A 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
To design a quality lecture is necessary to identify the difficulties in understanding the concepts experienced by students. This research was a survey study that aims to identify the difficulties experienced by students in understanding the concept of kinematics, which is focused on the topic of acceleration. Seven reasoned multiple-choice questions were given to 159 physics and physics education students at the State University of Malang to archive this goal. The questions used in this study are presented in various representations, namely mathematical, verbal, pictures, and graphics. Based on the results of the analysis, the average percentage of students who answered correctly was 30.47. It can be concluded that students who understand the concept of kinematics are still low. This research shows that students still have difficulty understanding the concept of acceleration if the questions are presented in various representations.
Review: nanocomposite of bioactive glass/forsterite from raw material sand and egg shell for bone and dental implants
Authors: Radandima A , Arofah S K , Amalia H A R , Nurbaiti U 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Bioactive glass has high bioactive, osteoconductive, biocompatible, and soluble properties in body fluids, but has low mechanical properties. This material has great potential for medical applications as a matrix in composites with forsterite fillers. The presence of non-toxic forsterite can improve the mechanical properties of bioactive glass. The development of the material (BG/F) using the sol-gel method can produce a nano-scale granule size (∼ 19.6 nm) that corresponds to the size of the body cells. Apart from the size distribution and mechanical properties, the surface that is easy to bond with the bone is very interesting to study as an implant material. This narrative review analyzes the BG/F biocomposite associated with the use of sand and eggshells.
Modification of hydrothermal synthesis using microwave irradiation for ZnO/graphene nanocomposite
Authors: Sugianto  , Rahayu E F 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Graphene has good physical properties such as electronic, optical and mechanical properties. The unique properties of graphene are interesting to study, especially in the field of electronic devices. Graphene was synthesised with chemical reduction using the Tour method. The oxidation process of graphite into graphene oxide (GO) occurs in a solution with the acidic atmosphere of H2SO4/H3PO4. ZnO/graphene nanocomposite was prepared by modification of hydrothermal synthesis using microwave irradiation. Characterisation of material structures includes SEM-EDX and FTIR. SEM micrograph shows that the morphology of the ZnO/graphene synthesis of oxidising acids H2SO4/H3PO4 9:1 ratio has better performance.
The development of learning media based on Yu-Gi-Oh Physics Smart Card (YOPSA) to increase learning interest of student on the static fluid material
Authors: Daynasti C C , Linuwih S 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aims of this study were to produce learning media based on Yu Gi Oh Physics Smart Card (YOPSA) in order to increase students’ interest learning in static fluid material of grade X Vocational High School of 1 Semarang as well as to find out the enhancement of the interest in learning physics of the students who take the part in YOPSA learning media. This study was a Research and Development (R&D) with a 4-D model (define, design, develop, and disseminate). The results of this research showed that the developed product of Yu Gi Oh Physics-based Smart Card (YOPSA) learning media was suitable to according to the assessment by the expert lecturers and physics, and the average results from students score is 3.77 (very good). Otherwise, the Yu Gi Oh Physics Smart Card (YOPSA) learning media was able to increase students’ interest in learning physics with gain value 0.40 (medium).
A typical oscillating perturbation on protonium
Authors: Lalus H F , Aryani N P 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Protonium is a type of onium consisting of a proton (p) and an anti-proton (

p
¯

) which is called antiprotonic hydrogen. Since the proton and the anti-particle have the same mass, and each of them is a fermion, the Hamiltonian form of this system consists of the kinetic energy terms of each particle, the potential energy, and the spin interactions of both (hyperfine structure). To simplify the analysis, the Hamiltonian is then converted into a Hamiltonian which contains the relative motion terms of the two particles. This new Hamiltonian contains their reduced mass because the two particles orbit each other towards a certain center of mass. In the initial state, t < 0, the system is in the ground state and then at 0 < t < τ, the system is given a disturbance of the form

V
(
t
)
=
(

V
0

+

V
1

r

sin
θ

e

i
ϕ

)

cos
(
ω
t
)

σ
^

p

.

x
^

, where V
0 is a constant, V
1 is a constant and very small,

σ
^

p

is the Pauli matrix for proton, and

x
^

is the three-dimensional position operator in spherical coordinates. We analyze this system using a time-dependent perturbation theory that begins by defining the initial state, then calculating the transition amplitude for the new state when the perturbation is applied to the system. From the results of this calculation, we compute the system transition probability. We find that the transition probability of this system can only occur for the following quantum number terms, namely n even positive integer, l = 2,S = 1, and with the certain combinations of m and M.
The SCAPS-1D modeling of ZnO/CdS/CdTe thin film: analysis of thickness and stoichiometric fraction of absorber layer on solar cell performance
Authors: Putra N M D , Sugianto  , Marwoto P , Murtafiatin R , Permadis DP 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Modeling of ZnO/CdS/CdTe solar cells with various thickness and stochiometric fractions has been carried out using SCAPS-1D. The variation in the thickness of the CdTe used was 0.6 μm - 6.0 μm and the variation of the stoichiometric fraction used was 0.6 - 7.0. The SCAPS-1D modeling data were characterized using I-V characteristics to determine the value of Voc, Jsc, FF and their efficiency. The I-V characteristic values increased with the increase in the thickness of CdTe. The optimum thickness was 6.0 μm with Voc, Jsc, FF values, respectively 0.894 volts; 31,990 mA/cm2; and 84.720%, with a large efficiency of 24.228%. In the variation of the optimum stoichiometric fraction, the stoichiometric fraction was 0.6 with an energy gap of 1.486 eV and an efficiency value of 22.900% for the Voc, Jsc, and FF values, respectively, 0.872 volts; 31,345 mA/cm2; 83,806%.
Analysis of UNNES embung floor capacity
Authors: Dewi N K , Heriyanti A P , Masturi  , Setiati N , Tirtasari N L 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the capacity of the reservoir to the change in land use around the Unnes campus. The research method used is the flood hydrograph routing method in the reservoir using the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) program to obtain the maximum capacity of the reservoir flood discharge, after which a comparison of the planned flood discharge of the resevoir to the flood discharge in the existing conditions of the reservoir is carried out to assess the capacity of the Unnes reservoir against land use change. Based on the results of the study, it was found that there was a change in the bottom depth of the reservoir at the beginning of the planning was 4.00 meters and in the current condition it became 3.00 meters, which means that the capacity is reduced by 1.00 meters with the ability to pass the flood discharge inflow which is still adequate and there is no overflow of flood.
Subsurface modelling of Kei Kecil Island with 3D gravity inversion
Authors: Supriyadi  , Wijanarko E , Khumaedi  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Kei Kecil Island located at Kei Islands, Maluku Province, Indonesia and it is one of outer Banda Arc. Several compression and extension tectonic accoured in Kei Island that made complex regional structural geology there. Mapping of surface geology has been done by several geoscientists, but subsurface mapping is still challenging. This paper aims to image subsurface geological features in Kei Island and its surrounding. Gravity method carried out to obtain density configuration for interpretation of basin topography. Gravity data obtained from previous publication and the other collected through satellite-derived gravity. Result of analyses show Kei Kecil Island located at depocenter of the basin around the high of the surroundings. Trending of the basin is Northeast–Southwest to North-South. Interpretation reveals basin in the Kei Kecil Island situated in central part toward northern trending almost North-South direction. The higher density rock dominating southern area of the island caused by Weduar and Elat Formation from Kei Besar Island. The denser density dipping from Kei Besar Island to Kei Kecil Island with Northwest direction. The basins in Kei Kecil Island probably produce hydrocarbon.
The microstructural parameters analysis of SnSe0.2S0.8 thin film
Authors: Utomo J , Kurniawan R , Hartatiek  , Ariswan  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Sn(S0.8Se0.2) thin films were successfully grown by evaporation technique with the distance variation between substrate and source (10, 15, and 25 cm) to investigate their microstructural parameters and morphology. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed that Sn(S0.8Se0.2) thin film had a single phase with the orthorhombic crystal structure. The crystallite size and the lattice strain were evaluated using the Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis with Uniform Deformation Model (UDM). The increase of the spacer (d = 10, 15, and 25 cm) causes the increase of the value of strain and crystallite size. One of the factors that affect the increase of crystallite size in the SnSe0.2S0.8 thin films with the spacer is the lattice strain value of the crystals. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the high homogeneity of grains. SnSe0.2S0.8 thin films contain Stannum (Sn) at 21.88 %, Selenium (Se) at 2.31 %, and Sulfur (S) elements at 14.24 % in the majority.
Demonstration of a new collision phenomenon using air track
Authors: Imtinan N , Rahmawati I , Hidayah H , Linuwih S , Aji M P 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe touching collision between two objects on the air track still allows a change in the total kinetic energy. In this work, the air track props has been successfully modificated to demonstrate the collision without touching between two objects. The modificiation was done by adding thin cylindrical magnets to the two objects of air track set. This props demonstrates a very different Physics phenomenon from the collision between two objects touching each other. Analysis of total momentum of the two objects before and after collision show that the law of conservation of linear momentum is applied. The collision without touching between two objects produce an elastic collision and its coefficient of restitutione=0.99. The props of collision without touching was validated by the experts on physical aspect and pedagogical-concept. Based on the props physical aspect validation obtained a percentage of 95.6%. Based on the props pedagogical and conceptual aspect validation obtained a percentage of 91.6%. Besides, the results of the trial based on students responses got a percentage 90.65%. So, it can be concluded that the props of collision without touching is highly valid to be used as collision teaching props in class. The results of the development of this props are expected to provide a more comprehensive understanding and avoid students misconceptions for the collision material.
Formulation of radiation temperature gradient equations with non-homogeneous density in stars
Authors: Yasrina A , Firdausiyah L L 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The interior of a star consists of the convection region and radiation. The energy transfer process in the convection region and radiation is different which indicates the energy transfer process in the star. The energy transfer is affected by the density of the star. The radiation energy transfer equation with non-homogeneous density has been formulated. The density of a non-homogeneous star is the density that only depends on the distance. It has been obtained the formulation of an energy transfer equation in radiation with a non-homogeneous density in the form of a star temperature gradient. This equation is obtained by formulating the relationship between the specific intensity of the beam, the flux, and the luminosity of the star. The density of a non-homogeneous star affects the luminosity and flux of the star. Meanwhile, the star temperature gradient equation does not depend on the density of non-homogeneous stars.