bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization And Bioactivity Study of Chitosan Based Nanomaterial From Exoskeleton Waste of Parapaeneopsis Stylifera
Authors: Pramitha Vasantha Subramoniam , Sajeetha Suhara Beevi , Alsif Hashim , Aiswarya Anil , Fathima Jameela Abdul Rasakh , S Beegum sahina , Aryaraj Deepa 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Chitosan based biomaterial have superior physical and chemical properties such as high surface area, porosity, tensile strength, conductivity as well as increased mechanical properties. Present study discusses about preparation of chitosan from shrimp (Parapenaeopsis stylifera) shell waste and its bioactivity effect. Demineralization, deproteinization and deacetylation was done to obtain chitosan and characterized by infrared spectroscopy and were plotted on all specimen over the frequency range of 4000-400cm− 1 at a resolution of 4cm− 1. Degree of deacetylation of chitosan was estimated with the produced spectra of sample. The DDA of extracted chitosan was found to be 89.91 % while the reference standard showed 81.27 %. The FTIR spectrum shows absoption band at 3450 cm− 1 (–OH stretching) because OH has highly intense absorption band and at about 2870 cm− 1 for the –C–H stretching because the intensity of peak is significant and the band does not involve in hydrogen bonding. It also has CH2 bending at 1420cm− 1 as well as the absorption band at about 1660cm− 1 for C = O in amide group. Apart from these bands, it shows absorption bands at 1030cm− 1and 1070cm− 1[C-O stretching]. It also contains NH group- stretching vibration at about 3360cm− 1. The absorption band at about 1730cm− 1 is for carbonyl group vibration. Many peaks of chitosan were observed, which shows a broad-OH stretching absorption band between 3450cm− 1. Another major absorption band is between 1220 and 1020 cm− 1 which represents the free amino group (-NH2) at C2 position of glucosamine, a major peak present in chitosan. Freshwater Chlorella, Chlorella marina and Pavlova lutheri showed maximum flocculation rate of 89%, 71% and 84% at pH 4.0 at a chitosan concentration level of 1% respectively. The results of synthesis of chitosan based nanoparticles by ionic gelation technique showed spherical morphology of the synthesized nanoparticles and the nature of functional groups present in chitosan nanoparticles were also confirmed by FT-IR and FE-SEM. Antibacterial study revealed that chitosan nanoparticles possess strong activity against Gram negative bacteria compared to Gram positive bacteria. Hence this investigation clearly suggests shellfish waste based chitosan could be used as an effective biomaterial in pharmaceutical as well as industrial applications.
Study On Hydrogeochemical Characteristics of Deeply Buried Mining Area In Inner Mongolia - Shaanxi Province, China
Authors: Liu Yang , Yang Jian , Ma Qiang , Ding Xuesong , Li Ang , Liang Xiangyang , Li Yuanmou , Zhou Yonggen , Gao Shuai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to distinguish the differences of hydrogeochemical characteristics between coal measures strata and aquifers on the roof of deep buried mining areas in Inner Mongolia-Shaanxi, China, this paper adopted inorganic components, environmental isotopes and organic components to study water quality comprehensively. The results show that the deep buried mining area in Inner Mongolia-Shaanxi belongs to Mu Us Desert, and the surface is covered by aeolian sand, so it has excellent precipitation infiltration capacity. Mineralization of surface water and Quaternary water < 500mg/L, the cation is mainly Ca2+, the anion is mainly HCO3−, which belongs to HCO3-Ca·Mg type water. The Cretaceous Zhidan Group is in unconformable contact with the Quaternary, and constitutes a unified water-bearing complex on the whole, which makes Zhidan Group have a better supply water source, and its inorganic water quality characteristics are close to the Quaternary water; The deep aquifer is affected by the Anding formation relative impermeable layer and its recharge runoff condition is weak. The salinity of Jurassic water is generally > 3500mg/L due to long-term water-rock action. The cation is dominated by Na+ and the anion is dominated by SO42−, which belongs to SO4-Na type water. According to the analysis of hydrochemical characteristics, there is no direct hydraulic connection between Luohe Formation and Zhiluo Formation. The characteristics of environmental isotopes show that the rainwater, surface water and Quaternary water in the study area belong to the modern groundwater, while Zhidan Group water is between the modern groundwater and the ancient water. The values of δD and δ18O in the deep Straight Rom Group and Yan’an Group are low, and the groundwater falls below the rainwater line of Ordos Basin with a deep circulation depth. Before mining, the groundwater is in the stagnant state with good closed conditions. The content of dissolved organic matter (TOC and UV254) in groundwater decreases gradually with the increase of aquifer depth; Fluorescence peaks in Area I and Area III mainly appeared in surface water and Quaternary water, and DOM sources in surface water were more abundant; The fluorescence peak in Area I also appears in the water of Zhidan Group, Straight Rom Group and Yan’an Group, and the fluorescence peak between Area I and Area II is a symbol; The fluorescence peak intensity of Cretaceous → Straight Rom Group in Area V area has an increasing trend, indicating that there are humus like DOM from other sources in the deep Straight Rom Group aquifer. In general, the comprehensive analysis of hydrochemical characteristics by various means can well distinguish the differences of hydrogeochemical characteristics among aquifers, which provides a scientific basis for the rapid and accurate discrimination of water situation and disaster in coal mines and the safe production.
Advanced Image Guidance For Prostatic Artery Embolization – A Multicenter Technical Note
Authors: Carnevale Francisco Cesar , McClure Timothy , Cadour Farah , Vidal Vincent , de Assis Andre Moreira , Moreira Airton Mota , Rocha Arthur Diego Dias , Rebet Aya , Nutting Charles 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) is associated with patients’ quality of life improvements and limited side effects compared to surgery. However, this procedure remains technically challenging due to complex vasculature, anatomical variations and small arteries, inducing long procedure times and high radiation exposure levels both to patients and medical staff. Moreover, the risk of non-target embolization can lead to relevant complications. In this context, advanced imaging can constitute a solid ally to address these challenges and deliver good clinical outcomes at acceptable radiation levels. This technical note aims to share the consolidated experience of four institutions detailing their optimized workflow using advanced image guidance, discussing variants, and sharing their best practices.
Vegetation Cover Change and Its Diversity in Urban Areas of Medan
Authors: Zaitunah Anita , Samsuri  , Sahara Fauziah 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Vegetation plays an important role in maintaining the environmental quality of urban areas. Increase in population and development of cities has led to land conversion with lesser vegetated areas. Land cover change analysis in urban areas is needed, especially for urban regional planning with green open space consideration. This research was conducted to analyze urban vegetation cover and its changes in two sub-districts of Medan between the years 1999 and 2019. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and change analysis were conducted in the research. The diversity of plant within this areas was observed. The results showed changes in vegetation cover areas in the mentioned years. In 1999, most of the areas were under a highly dense vegetation class while in 2019, they were under a low-density vegetation class. This indicates a decrease in vegetation cover due to changes to non-vegetation cover or land cover areas with less vegetation. There are a diverse of plants within the area such as paddy, cassava, corn etc and also many tree species. It is recommended to optimize the land by replanting in the area with no or less vegetation to maintain the environmental quality.
Biomimetic Recombinant of Red Blood Cell Membranes for Improved Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Wu Pengkai , Jiang Xing , Yin Shuai , Yang Ying , Liu Tianqing , Wang Kaikai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: RBC membrane derived nanoparticles (NPs) represent an emerging platform with prolonged circulation capacity for the delivery of active substances. For endowing derived RBCs NPs various functions such as targeting ability, chemical modification of targeting groups or inserting targeted ligand-linker-lipid conjugates into the membranes is usually used as classical strategy. However, these methods may lead to structural failure of membrane proteins, consequently affecting its original immune escape function.Results: In this study, we reported a green technology of “disassembly-reassembly” to prepare biomimetic reconstituted RBCs membrane (rRBCs) by separating the endogenous proteins and lipids from nature RBC membrane. IR780 iodide was used as a pattern drug to verify the property and feasibility of rRBCs by constructing IR780@rRBC NPs with IR780@RBC NPs and free IR780 as controls. The results demonstrated the superiority of IR780@rRBC NPs in toxicity, stability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics compared with IR780@rRBC and free IR780.Conclusions: The reported “disassembly-reassembly” strategy shows great potential to produce controllable and versatile rRBC membrane-inspired delivery platform, which may be used to overcome the deficiency of target-selectivity ligands in cell membrane coated nanoparticles.
Gesture and Vision Based Automatic Grasping and Flexible Placement in Teleoperation
Authors: xue zhao , Xiaoan CHEN , Ye HE , Cao Hongli , Shengli Tian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Teleoperation system has attracted a lot of attention because of its advantages in dangerous or unknown environment. It is very difficult to develop an operating system that can complete complex tasks in an completely autonomous. This paper proposes a robot arm control strategy based on gesture and visual perception. The strategy combines the advantages of humans and robots to obtain a convenient and flexible interaction model. The hand data were obtained by Leap-Motion. Then a neural network algorithm was used to classify the nine gestures used for robot control by a finite state machine. The control mode switched between indicative control and mapping control. The robot acquired a autonomous grasp ability by incorporating YOLO 6D, depth data, and a probabilistic roadmap planner algorithm. The robot completed most of the trajectory independently, and a few flexible trajectories required a user to make mapping actions. This interactive mode reduces the burden of the user to a certain extent, that makes up for the shortcomings of traditional teleoperation.
Efficient Tunable Plasmonic Mode Converters Infiltrated with Nematic Liquid Crystal Layers
Authors: Kabeel Randa H. , Areed Nihal F.F. , Hameed Mohamed , Obayya Salah S. A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper presents two efficient tunable plasmonic mode converters in the infrared regime. The proposed configurations consist of silver layer with etched rectangular holes as metal insulator metal (MIM) waveguides with central cavities. The holes are infiltrated by nematic liquid crystal (NLC) material to increase the transmission through the suggested designs. Additionally, the NLC is used to have tunable operation where the modes at the output port can be controlled. The simulations are carried out using full vectorial finite element (FEM) method. The first design has a single output port which converts the TM mode into the TEM mode with high transmission conversion efficiency of 70%. Further, the second structure allows the generation of the two plasmonic modes simultaneously in two output waveguides. During the biased state, the s- mode transmission conversion efficiency reaches 50% while the transmission of a- mode at the unbiased state is equal to 49%. It is expected that the proposed tunable mode converters will play an important role in the development of the plasmonic-photonic circuits.
Effects of Residual Stress and Equivalent Bending Stiffness on the Dimensional Stability of the Thin-Walled Parts
Authors: Gao Hanjun , Li Xin , Wu Qiong , Lin Minghui , Zhang Yidu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The monolithic thin-walled parts are widely used in the aeronautic and astronautic field because of its excellent mechanical performance and light weight, but the thin-walled parts are vulnerable to the machining deformation due to its low stiffness and high material removal rate. According to the relative basic theory, the stiffness and internal residual stress of the part are the critical factors affecting the dimensional stability. In this work, the influences of equivalent bending stiffness and residual stress on the dimensional stability of thin-walled parts are studied. Nine typical thin-walled parts in three groups with two materials (7075 aluminum alloy for A1~A3 and B1~B3, and Ti6Al4V titanium alloy for B4~B6) are machined and treated with different processes. Topology optimization technique is used to optimize the structure of parts to enhance the bending stiffness. Corresponding finite element method (FEM) simulations are carried out to further investigate the generation mechanism. The deformations in 312 hours after machining are measured using coordinate measuring machine, and the deformation changes of the parts are obtained and analyzed. Finally, based on topological optimization and stress relief technology, a machining deformation control method for the monolithic thin-walled parts is proposed. Results show that the maximum and average deformations of thin-walled are evidently decreased using the proposed method.
Next-Generation Sequencing Screening Reveals Novel Genetic Variants for Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Pediatric Chinese Patients
Authors: wang yan , han bo , fan youfei , yi yingchun , lv jianli , wang jing , yang xiaofei , jiang diandong , zhao lijian , zhang jianjun , yuan hui 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a myocardial disease characterized by bilateral or left ventricular cardiac dilation and systolic dysfunction leading to heart failure and sudden cardiac death in children. Most studies focus on the genetic alterations in DCM-related genes in adult populations; however, it remains enigmatic about the mutational landscape in pediatric DCM patients, especially in the Chinese population. We exploited the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies to genetically analyze 46 pediatric patients and to decipher the genotype-phenotype correlation in these patients’ clinical outcomes. Our results indicated DCM-associated pathogenic mutations in 10 genes related to the structure or function of the sarcomere, desmosomal and cytoskeletal proteins. We also identified 6 pathogenic mutations (5 novel) in the titin (TTN) gene leading to the formation of truncated TTN protein variants in 6 (13%) out of 46 patients each. Furthermore, we investigated the correlations between TTN gene mutation and clinical outcomes in these patients. Conclusion: Our data suggest that one-third of cases of pediatric DCM are caused by genetic mutations. The role of TTN variants should not be underestimated in pediatric DCM and age-dependent pathogenic penetrance of these genetic mutations needs to be considered in the case of familial DCM. Thus, NGS analysis can be applied to decode the yet unknown DCM etiological genetic factors in pediatric as well as adult patients.
Overexpression of oncogenic spliced-AGR2vH potentiates cholangiocarcinoma cell tumorigenicity with proteomic alterations
Authors: Yosudjai Juthamas , Inpad Chaturong , Surangkul Damrasamon , Phimsen Suchada , Saisomboon Saowaluk , Hongsrichan Nuttanan , Wongkham Sopit , Jirawatnotai Siwanon , Roytrakul Sittiruk , Kaewkong Worasak 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Upregulated expression of Anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) has been observed in cells, highly metastatic mouse models, nras-mutant zebrafish and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) specimens derived from patients. Our previous study reported that AGR2 splicing into AGR2vH can promote CCA cell metastasis and survivability. This present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying AGR2vH tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. AGR2vH was determined in patient tissues and presented the upregulation in CCA tumor tissues compared with matched-normal adjacent tissues. During the in vitro studies, AGR2vH was ectopically overexpressed in KKU-213A cells. Established AGR2vH-overexpressing CCA cells were found to exhibit increased proliferative and clonogenic ability. For in vivo tumorigenicity, a higher tumorigenic potential was identified in AGR2vH-overexpressing cells xenograft mice. Moreover, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with protein bioinformatics was used to examine the proteomic alteration. The CCA cell proteome was altered, and it was indicated that AGR2vH may be associated with CCA cell proliferation via the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which was verified via the comparative immunoblotting of β-catenin in cytoplasmic and nuclear fractionated proteins. These present results provided evidence that the upregulation of AGR2vH promotes the tumorigenicity of CCA cells, which was associated with an alteration of the CCA cell proteome.
Proteomics Informed by Transcriptomics for a Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of the Sialoproteome of Ornithodoros Moubata Adult Ticks
Authors: Oleaga Ana , Carnero-Moran Angel , Valero M. Luz , Pérez-Sánchez Ricardo 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
The argasid tick Ornithodoros moubata is the main vector in mainland Africa of the African swine fever virus and the spirochete Borrelia duttoni, which causes human relapsing fever. Elimination of O. moubata populations would contribute to the prevention and control of these two severe diseases. The development of anti-tick vaccines is an eco-friendly and sustainable method for the elimination of tick populations. The tick saliva forms part of the tick-host interface and knowing its composition is key for the identification and selection of vaccine candidate antigens. The aim of the present work is to expand the data on the saliva proteome composition of O. moubata adult ticks, particularly of female ticks, since a more in-depth knowledge of the O. moubata sialome will allow identifying and selecting novel salivary antigens as targets for tick vaccines.
Methods
We have analysed samples of female and male saliva using two different mass spectrometry approaches: data-dependent acquisition LC-MS/MS and sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS). To maximise the number of protein identifications, a proteomics informed by transcriptomics (PIT) analysis was applied using the O. moubata salivary transcriptomic dataset previously obtained by RNAseq.
Results
The SWATH-MS proved to be superior to LC-MS/MS in the study of female saliva since it increased by 60% the number of identified proteins, enhanced the reproducibility of the results and provided a quantitative image of the saliva components. As a whole, we have identified 299 non-redundant proteins in the O. moubata saliva and quantified the expression of 165 of them in both male and female saliva, among which 13 were significantly overexpressed in females and 40 in males. These results evidence important quantitative differences between sexes in the saliva proteome.
Conclusions
This work expand our knowledge of the O. moubata sialome, particularly of female ticks, by increasing the identification of novel salivary proteins and functions at the tick–host feeding interface. The integration of this new knowledge together with the information from the O. moubata sialotranscriptome will allow a more rational selection of the salivary candidates as antigen targets for tick vaccine development.
Fidelity and the Impact of Patient Safety Huddles on Teamwork and Safety Culture: An Evaluation of the Huddle Up for Safer Healthcare (HUSH) Project
Authors: Lamming Laura , Crosswaite Kate , Faisal Muhammad , McDonach Eileen , Montague Jane , Mohammed Mohammed A , Cracknell Alison , Lovatt Alison , Slater Beverley 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: The Patient Safety Huddle (PSH) is a brief multidisciplinary daily meeting held to discuss patient safety and action to mitigate risk. Despite growing interest and application of huddles as a mechanism for improving safety, evidence of their impact remains limited. There is also variation in how huddles are conceived and implemented with little focus on their fidelity (the extent to which delivered as planned) and potential ways in which they might influence outcomes. The Huddle Up for Safer Healthcare (HUSH) project attempted to scale up the implementation of patient safety huddles in five hospitals – 92 wards - across three UK NHS Trusts. This paper aims to assess their fidelity, time to embed, and impact on teamwork and safety culture. Methods: A multi-method Developmental Evaluation was conducted. The Stages of Implementation Checklist (SIC) was used to determine time taken to embed PSHs. Observations confirmed embedded status and fidelity of PSH. A Teamwork and Safety Climate survey (TSC) was administered at two time-points: pre- and post-embedding. Changes in TSC scores were calculated for Trusts, job role and clinical speciality.Results: Observations confirmed Patient Safety Huddles were embedded in 64 wards. Mean fidelity score was 4.9/9. PSHs frequently demonstrated a ‘fear free’ space while Statistical Process Control (SPC) charts and historical harms were routinely neglected. Analysis showed a positive change for the majority of TSC questions and the overall safety grade of the ward.Conclusions: PSHs are feasible and effective for improving teamwork and safety culture, especially for nurses. PSH fidelity criteria may need adjusting to include factors deemed most useful by frontline staff. Future work should examine inter-disciplinary and role-based differences in TSC outcomes.
Effect of Laser on Double-Arc Physical Characteristics in Pulsed Laser Induced Double-TIG Welding
Authors: Liu Liming , Xu Xinkun , Xu Guomin , Zhang Zhaodong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to improve the energy utilization efficiency of double-TIG arc, based on the synchronous induction of pulsed laser to double-arc, the coupling-enhanced discharge phenomenon between double-arc is studied in this paper. The energy utilization efficiency of pulsed laser induced double-arc is quantitatively analyzed. The physical characteristics of coupling double-arc are studied based on high-speed camera and spectral diagnosis technology. The physical model is established to discuss the particle migration during the coupling discharge, characterizing the movement state of electrons. The results show that Dla (horizontal distance between the tungsten electrode tip and laser beam axis) has a significant effect on the energy utilization efficiency of the heat source. With the increase of Dla, there are three interaction relationships between the double-arc plasma and keyhole plasma: Mutual interference, Coupling-enhanced discharge and No interaction. A suitable Dla can realize the synchronous induction of laser to double-arc plasma, forming a coupling double-arc, the heat source has a higher energy utilization efficiency. The migration of particles in double-arc can be divided into four stages: Double-arc free discharge stage, Laser-induced initial stage, Laser-induced contraction stage and Laser-induced stable stage. Under the induction of laser, the double-arc forms a common compressed conductive channel. The energy density of coupling double-arc reaches 9.3 times that of traditional double-arc, and the total electron kinetic energy increases by 38% compared with traditional double-arc.