bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of luseogliflozin on estimated plasma volume in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Nakashima Mitsutaka , Miyoshi Toru , Ejiri Kentaro , Kihara Hajime , Hata Yoshiki , Nagano Toshihiko , Takaishi Atsushi , Toda Hironobu , Nanba Seiji , Nakamura Yoichi , Akagi Satoshi , Sakuragi Satoru , Minagawa Taro , Kawai Yusuke , Nishii Nobuhiro , Fuke Soichiro , Yoshikawa Masaki , Nakamura Kazufumi , Ito Hiroshi ,   MUSCAT‐HF Study Investigators
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimsSodium glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibitors have diuretic effects in both patients with glycosuria and with natriuresis. We sought to assess the effect of luseogliflozin on estimated plasma volume (ePV) in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).Methods and resultsThis study was a post‐hoc analysis of the MUSCAT‐HF trial (UMIN000018395), a multicentre, prospective, open‐label, randomized controlled trial that assessed the effect of 12 weeks of luseogliflozin (2.5 mg, once daily, n = 83) as compared with voglibose (0.2 mg, three times daily, n = 82) on the reduction in brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in patients with type 2 diabetes and HFpEF. The analysis compared the change in ePV calculated by the Straus formula from baseline to Weeks 4, 12, and 24, using a mixed‐effects model for repeated measures. We also estimated the association between changes in ePV and changes in other clinical parameters, including BNP levels. Luseogliflozin significantly reduced ePV as compared to voglibose at Week 4 {adjusted mean group‐difference −6.43% [95% confidence interval (CI): −9.11 to −3.74]}, at Week 12 [−8.73% (95%CI: −11.40 to −6.05)], and at Week 24 [−11.02% (95%CI: −13.71 to −8.33)]. The effect of luseogliflozin on these parameters was mostly consistent across various patient clinical characteristics. The change in ePV at Week 12 was significantly associated with log‐transformed BNP (r = 0.197, P = 0.015) and left atrial volume index (r = 0.283, P = 0.019).ConclusionsLuseogliflozin significantly reduced ePV in patients with type 2 diabetes and HFpEF, as compared with voglibose. The reduction of intravascular volume by luseogliflozin may provide clinical benefits to patients with type 2 diabetes and HFpEF.
Changes in Sewage Sludge Chemical Signatures During a COVID-19 Community Lockdown, Part 2: Nontargeted Analysis of Sludge and Evaluation with COVID-19 Metrics
Authors: Nason Sara L. , Lin Elizabeth , Godri Pollitt Krystal J. , Peccia Jordan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sewage sludge and wastewater include urine and feces from an entire community, and it is highly likely that this mixture contains chemicals whose presence is dependent on levels of SARS-CoV-2 in the community. We analyzed primary sewage sludge samples collected in New Haven, Connecticut, USA, during the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry and performed an exploratory investigation of correlations between chemical features and COVID-19 metrics including concentrations of severe acute respiratory syndrome–coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in the sludge and local COVID-19 case numbers and hospital admissions. Inclusion of all chemical features in this analysis is key for discovering potential indicator compounds for COVID-19, whose structures may not be known. We found correlations with COVID-19 metrics for several identified chemicals as well as many unidentified features in the data, including three potential indicator molecules that are recommended for prioritization in future studies on COVID-19 in wastewater and sludge. These features have molecular weights of 108.0935, 318.1214, and 331.1374. While it is not possible to achieve prediction of COVID-19 epidemiological metrics from the one data set used in the present study, advances in this research area are important to share as scientists worldwide work on discovering efficient methods for tracking SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater and the environment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1193–1201. © 2021 SETAC
Profiling of phytochemical and antioxidant activity of wild mushrooms: Evidence from the in vitro study and phytoconstituent's binding affinity to the human erythrocyte catalase and human glutathione reductase
Authors: Hossen S. M. Moazzem , Hossain Mohammad Shahadat , Yusuf A. T. M. , Chaudhary Priya , Emon Nazim Uddin , Janmeda Pracheta 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study was undertaken to evaluate the appearance of phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of seven wild mushrooms of the University of Chittagong campus. Phytochemical screening was performed using standard methods, whereas DPPH radical scavenging assay was used to elucidate the antioxidant effect. Besides, in silico studies were implemented using the targets of human erythrocyte catalase 3‐amino‐1,2,4‐triazole, human glutathione reductase, and selected compounds. Again, the absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination and toxicity (ADME/T) analysis has been determined by using online tools. Both Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) Karst. and Ganoderma applanatum (Pers.) Pat. showed a significant (p < .001) increase in the percentage of scavenging activity at 400 μg/ml concentration when compared with ascorbic acid. The methanol extract of G. lucidum, G. applanatum, and Rhodofomes cajanderi (P. Karst.) B. K. Cui, M. L. Han & Y. C. Dai showed strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value. In addition, molecular docking studies of the previously isolated compounds from three selective mushrooms revealed that the targeted compounds along with positive controls were able to interact strongly (range: −3.498 to −8.655) with the enzymes. The study concludes that the G. lucidum, G. applanatum, and R. cajanderi mushrooms can be a strong source in the management of oxidative stress‐induced diseases.
Nursing home staff mental health during the Covid‐19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland
Authors: Brady Conan , Fenton Caoimhe , Loughran Orlaith , Hayes Blánaid , Hennessy Martina , Higgins Agnes , Leroi Iracema , Shanagher Deirdre , McLoughlin Declan M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundNursing homes for older adults have been disproportionately affected by the Covid‐19 pandemic with increased mortality of residents and staff distress.ObjectiveTo quantify the mental health of nursing home staff during the Covid‐19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland.Design/MethodsCross‐sectional anonymous study of Republic of Ireland nursing home staff (n = 390) during the third wave of the Covid‐19 pandemic. Online survey collecting demographic information, Covid‐19 exposure history and mental health measures.ResultsThere were significant differences between nurses, healthcare assistants (HCA) and non‐clinical staff history in age, ethnicity, years' experience, history of Covid‐19 infection and contact with Covid‐19 positive acquaintances. Moderate–severe post‐traumatic stress disorder symptoms were found in 45.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 40.2%–50.1%) of all staff. A World Health Organisation‐5 (WHO‐5) wellbeing index score ≤32, indicating low mood, was reported by 38.7% (95% CI, 33.9%–43.5%) of staff; significantly more nurses reported low mood. Suicidal ideation and suicide planning were reported, respectively, by 13.8% (95% CI, 10.4%–17.3%) and 9.2% (95% CI, 6.4%–12.1%) of participants with no between‐group differences. HCAs reported a significantly higher degree of moral injury than non‐clinical staff. Nurses were more likely to use approach coping styles than non‐clinical staff. Work ability was insufficient in 24.6% (95% CI 20.3%–28.9%) of staff.ConclusionNursing home staff report high levels of post‐traumatic stress, mood disturbance and moral injury during the Covid‐19 pandemic. Differences in degree of moral injury, wellbeing and coping styles were found between staff groups, which need to be incorporated into planning supports for this neglected workforce.
Salvage surgery for recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Bulbul Mustafa G. , Genovese Timothy J. , Hagan Kobina , Rege Soham , Qureshi Ahad , Varvares Mark A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe present study aims to estimate a pooled hazard ratio (HR) comparing overall survival (OS) for salvage surgery compared to nonsurgical management of recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase‐Ovid were searched on March 5, 2020, for English‐language articles reporting survival for salvage surgery and nonsurgical management of recurrent HNSCC. Meta‐analysis of HR estimates using random effects model was performed. Fifteen studies reported survival for salvage surgery and nonsurgical management of recurrence. Five‐year OS ranged from 26% to 67% for the salvage surgery groups, compared to 0% to 32% for the nonsurgical management groups. Six studies reported HRs comparing salvage surgery to nonsurgical management; the pooled HR was 0.25 (95% CI [0.16, 0.38]; p < 0.0001). Selection for salvage surgery was associated with one quarter of the mortality rate associated with nonsurgical management in light of confounding factors including subsite and treatment intent.
Risk stratification after recurrence of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐related and non‐HPV‐related oropharyngeal cancer: Secondary analysis of NRG Oncology RTOG 0129 and 0522
Authors: Bigelow Elaine O. , Harris Jonathan , Fakhry Carole , Gillison Maura L. , Nguyen‐Tân Phuc Felix , Rosenthal David I. , Frank Steven J. , Nair Suresh G. , Bahig Houda , Ridge John A. , Caudell Jimmy , Donaldson Craig , Clifford Bradley T. , Shenouda George , Birrer Michael J. , Chen Yuhchyau , Le Quynh‐Thu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundNo risk‐stratification strategies exist for patients with recurrent oropharyngeal cancer (OPC).MethodsRetrospective analysis using data from prospective NRG Oncology clinical trials RTOG 0129 and 0522. Eligibility criteria included known p16 status and smoking history, and locoregional/distant recurrence. Overall survival (OS) was measured from date of recurrence. Recursive partitioning analysis was performed to produce mutually exclusive risk groups.ResultsHundred and fifty‐four patients were included with median follow‐up after recurrence of 3.9 years (range 0.04–9.0). The most important factors influencing survival were p16 status and type of recurrence, followed by surgical salvage and smoking history (≤20 vs. >20 pack‐years). Three significantly different risk groups were identified. Patients in the low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk groups had 2‐year OS after recurrence of 81.1% (95%CI 68.5–93.7), 50.2% (95%CI 36.0–64.5), and 20.8% (95%CI 10.5–31.1), respectively.ConclusionPatient and tumor characteristics may be used to stratify patients into risk groups at the time of OPC recurrence.
Protocol for extramedullary hematopoiesis in patients with transfusion‐dependent β‐thalassemia (TDT): A systematic review
Authors: Ata Fateen , Subahi Eihab A. , Choudry Hassan , Yassin Mohamed A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsThalassemia is one of the most common hemoglobinopathies, with around 5% of the world's population expected to have some degree and type of thalassemia. Beta thalassemia (BT) occurs due to a deficient production of the beta‐globin chain of hemoglobin. Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is one of the complications of BT, mainly observed in minor/intermedia subtypes. EMH is the production of blood cells outside the marrow as a compensatory response to longstanding hypoxia. Due to chronic transfusions, it is not expected in patients with beta‐thalassemia major (BTM). However, there are increasingly reported cases of EMH in BTM. The incidence of EMH in BTM is thought to be <1%. However, it seems that the true incidence is much higher than expected. This review aims to pool the available data and provide cumulative evidence on the reports of EMH in BTM patients.MethodsWe aim to conduct a systematic review via searching multiple electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar) to identify eligible articles from any date up to December 2020. Eligible studies should report extramedullary hematopoiesis in BTM. Case reports, case series, observational studies with cross‐sectional or prospective research design, case‐control studies, and experimental studies will be included if found relevant. Two reviewers (FA and ES) will individually analyze the study quality using the statistical methodology and categories guided by the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook, PRISMA guidelines, and Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for case reports and series.ResultsThis study will analyze and incorporate the available evidence on EMH in BTM concerning patient demographics, sites of EMH, management, and clinical outcomes of EMH.ConclusionBy summarizing and statistically analyzing the data about EMH in BTM, this study will generate extensive knowledge on the topic for a better understanding of atypical presentations in BTM, a common hemoglobinopathy.
Glycine: The Gift that Keeps on Giving
Authors: Boldyreva Elena 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGlycine is a small molecule. It cannot change its conformation and is achiral. Despite the apparent simplicity, glycine shows endless diversity in its behavior over many phenomena. It was the first amino acid for which polymorphism was reported, first on crystallization and then on hydrostatic compression. The polymorphs differ in their physical properties and their biological activity. Glycine clusters persist in solution, leading to “solution memory”. Phenomena at interfaces are critically important for crystal growth, dissolution, and for physical properties, which can be at times unexpected, like polarity in centrosymmetricα‐polymorph. It is a great pleasure to remind of these remarkable phenomena in a special issue honoring professors Meir Lahav and Leslie Leiserowitz, who pioneered the study of the behavior of this unique molecule in many respects, and showed how complex and non‐trivial phenomena can be at interfaces: between phases and between research fields.
Gigantol inhibits proliferation and enhanced oxidative stress‐mediated apoptosis through modulating of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway in HeLa cells
Authors: Kang Huanan , Sun Yiming , Hu Xijiao , Liu Li 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCervical cancer is one of the leading malignant cancers that is the fourth prominent cause of malignancy‐related mortality in women globally. There is a predominant validation to a beneficial target in Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in cervical carcinogenesis as they are very much deregulated in cancer. Previous studies reported Gigantol (GG) showed suppressive properties on the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway in other tumor cells, but no evidence is available regarding GG suppressing Wnt/β‐catenin signaling cervical tumor cells. Hence, the current research was planned to examine the suppressive effects of GG on HeLa cells and investigate the mechanism of action. HeLa cells were treated by GG in various doses and then appraising cell viability, oxidant/antioxidant levels, ∆ѰM status, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, apoptosis, and cell proliferation via Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. We observed that GG noticeably inhibits cell proliferation, increased ROS generation, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization (∆ѰM), and increased apoptotic morphological changes of nuclear fragmentation and condensation. Moreover, GG effectively enhances proapoptotic, decreased ∆ѰM and antioxidant amounts, and mitigated Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. Concisely, these findings proved that activating apoptosis and suppression of cell proliferation in GG treated HeLa cells was documented by the alleviation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. Therefore, this study suggested that GG might develop a therapeutic effect against cervical carcinogenesis.
Associations between attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom remission and white matter microstructure: A longitudinal analysis
Authors: Leenders Anne E. M. , Damatac Christienne G. , Soheili‐Nezhad Sourena , Chauvin Roselyne J. M. , Mennes Maarten J. J. , Zwiers Marcel P. , van Rooij Daan , Akkermans Sophie E. A. , Naaijen Jilly , Franke Barbara , Buitelaar Jan K. , Beckmann Christian F. , Sprooten Emma 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundAttention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with white matter (WM) microstructure. Our objective was to investigate how WM microstructure is longitudinally related to symptom remission in adolescents and young adults with ADHD.MethodsWe obtained diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) data from 99 participants at two time‐points (mean age baseline: 16.91 years, mean age follow‐up: 20.57 years). We used voxel‐wise Tract‐Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) with permutation‐based inference to investigate associations of inattention (IA) and hyperactivity‐impulsivity (HI) symptom change with fractional anisotropy (FA) at baseline, follow‐up, and change between time‐points.ResultsRemission of combined HI and IA symptoms was significantly associated with reduced FA at follow‐up in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus and the left corticospinal tract (CST; PFWE = 0.038 and PFWE = 0.044, respectively), mainly driven by an association between HI remission and follow‐up CST FA (PFWE = 0.049). There was no significant association of combined symptom decrease with FA at baseline or with changes in FA between the two assessments.ConclusionsIn this longitudinal DWI study of ADHD using dimensional symptom scores, we show that greater symptom decrease is associated with lower follow‐up FA in specific WM tracts. Altered FA thus may appear to follow, rather than precede, changes in symptom remission. Our findings indicate divergent WM developmental trajectories between individuals with persistent and remittent ADHD, and support the role of prefrontal and sensorimotor tracts in the remission of ADHD.
Operational and financial impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on U.S. dental school clinics
Authors: Escontrías Omar A. , Istrate Emilia C. , Flores Sariah , Stewart Denice C. L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeThis study assessed the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on U.S. dental schools and their school‐based clinic operations and finances during the first eight months (April to December 2020) of the outbreak. School‐based clinics are critical to training and educating future dentists and delivering oral health care services to underserved communities.MethodsThe American Dental Education Association (ADEA) conducted a structured survey with the 67 accredited U.S. dental schools between November 2020 and January 2021 to assess the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on their operations, especially on their school‐based clinics. The response rate was 67%. The authors employed descriptive statistics and text analysis to examine the survey results.ResultsThis study revealed that from April to December 2020, dental schools experienced a 50% reduction in patient visits at dental school clinics, a 7% median decrease in budget, a 42% decline in revenue, changes in clinical and nonclinical faculty and staff, and investments related to infection control measures to remain operational. Ninety‐two percent of dental school clinics suspended community‐based patient care experiences outside the dental school in the first eight months of the pandemic compared to the same time period the year prior.ConclusionsThis research shows the extent of the operational and financial challenges dental school clinics faced in the pandemic's first eight months, April to December 2020. In these unique times, dental school clinics continued to train and educate the dentists of tomorrow and deliver oral health care services to vulnerable communities while implementing safeguards and infection control measures to combat the propagation of the COVID‐19 virus in their institutions.
Chromium (VI) detection by microbial carbon dots: Microwave synthesis and mechanistic study
Authors: Anil Amith G. , Ramachandran Sukanya , Kumar Vineet , Subramanian Sankaran , Ramamurthy Praveen C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFunctionalized carbon dots (CDs) derived from Citrobacter freundii bacterial cells were used for selective detection of Cr(VI). A microwave‐heating‐based green synthesis approach is adopted to produce functionalized CDs from C. freundii bacterial cells (CF‐CDs). The reaction was carried out in a 500 W microwave digester at 200°C for 20 min. The supernatant was filtered with a 0.2 µm filter and highly monodisperse CDs were obtained. Inherent functionalization of CF‐CDs with nitrogen and oxygen‐containing functional groups made them extremely selective toward Cr(VI) with a lower limit of detection of ~1.7 ppm. More importantly, CF‐CDs could distinguish between Cr(VI) and Cr(III), which is highly desirable for practical applications. The fabricated sensor had a dual linear response range between 0 and 50 µM and 50–250 µM. The synthesized CDs were inherently functionalized which made them highly selective for Cr(VI) detection. CF‐CDs also possess high stability over long storage period. This study reports the facile synthesis and characterization of a highly selective sensor for Cr(VI). As opposed to similar CDs sensors reported for Cr(VI), based on inner‐filter effect, CF‐CDs exhibit a strong, specific interaction toward Cr(VI), indicated by the large binding constant.
Adaptive noise model based iteratively reweighted penalized least squares for fluorescence background subtraction from Raman spectra
Authors: Saveliev Anatoly A. , Galeeva Ekaterina V. , Semanov Dmitry A. , Galeev Roman R. , Aryslanov Ilshat R. , Falaleeva Tatyana S. , Davletshin Rustam R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe spectral analysis depends heavily on unwanted signals, such as the fluorescent background from the samples or other interfering components. A number of mathematical algorithms have been proposed to remove the background of Raman spectra. However, these methods require the selection of appropriate parameters to correct the of Raman spectra baseline. In this paper, we propose a method of adaptive noise model based on iteratively reweighted penalized least squares (ANM‐IRPLS) for Raman spectrum baseline correction. The algorithm was applied to various artificial spectra containing real forms of baselines and characteristic Raman peaks and then to the spectra of real drug samples with fluorescence obtained on a device equipped with a 532‐nm laser with a resolution of 15 cm−1. The modeling results showed that the proposed ANM‐IRPLS baseline correction method allows for better results in background removal than the airPLS. For real Raman spectra processed by the ANM‐IRPLS method, it is shown that the algorithm handles a complex background well, while maintaining the characteristic Raman signal features, such as a wide water peak for aqueous solutions.