bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Available medications used as potential therapeutics for COVID-19: What are the known safety profiles in pregnancy
Authors: Bérard Anick , Sheehy Odile , Zhao Jin-Ping , Vinet Evelyne , Quach Caroline , Kassai Behrouz , Bernatsky Sasha 
Published: May 2021

Background
Medications already available to treat other conditions are presently being studied in clinical trials as potential treatments for COVID-19. Given that pregnant women are excluded from these trials, we aimed to investigate their safety when used during pregnancy within a unique population source.

Methods
Using the population-based Quebec Pregnancy Cohort, we identified women who delivered a singleton liveborn (1998–2015). Taking potential confounders into account including indications for use, the risk of prematurity, low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), and major congenital malformation (MCM) associated with COVID-19 repurposed drug use during pregnancy were quantified using generalized estimation equations.

Results
Of the 231,075 eligible pregnancies, 107 were exposed to dexamethasone (0.05%), 31 to interferons (0.01%), 1,398 to heparins (0.60%), 24 to angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARB) (0.01%), 182 to chloroquine (0.08%), 103 to hydroxychloroquine (0.05%), 6,206 to azithromycin (2.70%), 230 to oseltamivir (0.10%), and 114 to HIV medications (0.05%). Adjusting for potential confounders, we observed an increased risk of prematurity related to dexamethasone (aOR 1.92, 95%CI 1.11–3.33; 15 exposed cases), anti-thrombotics (aOR 1.58, 95%CI 1.31–1.91; 177 exposed cases), and HIV medications (aOR 2.04, 95%CI 1.01–4.11; 20 exposed cases) use. An increased risk for LBW associated with anti-thrombotics (aOR 1.72, 95%CI 1.41–2.11; 152 exposed cases), and HIV medications (aOR 2.48, 95%CI 1.25–4.90; 21 exposed cases) use were also found. Gestational exposure to anti-thrombotics (aOR 1.20, 95%CI 1.00–1.44; 176 exposed cases), and HIV medications (aOR 2.61, 95%CI 1.51–4.51; 30 exposed cases) were associated with SGA. First-trimester dexamethasone (aOR 1.66, 95%CI 1.02–2.69; 20 exposed cases) and azithromycin (aOR 1.10, 95%CI 1.02–1.19; 747 exposed cases) exposures were associated with MCM.

Conclusions
Many available medications considered as treatments for COVID-19 are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Caution is warranted when considering these medications during the gestational period.
“Don, doff, discard” to “don, doff, decontaminate”—FFR and mask integrity and inactivation of a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate and a norovirus following multiple vaporised hydrogen peroxide-, ultraviolet germicidal irradiation-, and dry heat decontaminations
Authors: Ludwig-Begall Louisa F. , Wielick Constance , Jolois Olivier , Dams Lorène , Razafimahefa Ravo M. , Nauwynck Hans , Demeuldre Pierre-Francois , Napp Aurore , Laperre Jan , Thiry Etienne , Haubruge Eric 
Published: May 2021

Background
As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic accelerates, the supply of personal protective equipment remains under strain. To combat shortages, re-use of surgical masks and filtering facepiece respirators has been recommended. Prior decontamination is paramount to the re-use of these typically single-use only items and, without compromising their integrity, must guarantee inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and other contaminating pathogens.

Aim
We provide information on the effect of time-dependent passive decontamination (infectivity loss over time during room temperature storage in a breathable bag) and evaluate inactivation of a SARS-CoV-2 surrogate and a non-enveloped model virus as well as mask and respirator integrity following active multiple-cycle vaporised hydrogen peroxide (VHP), ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), and dry heat (DH) decontamination.

Methods
Masks and respirators, inoculated with infectious porcine respiratory coronavirus or murine norovirus, were submitted to passive decontamination or single or multiple active decontamination cycles; viruses were recovered from sample materials and viral titres were measured via TCID50 assay. In parallel, filtration efficiency tests and breathability tests were performed according to EN standard 14683 and NIOSH regulations.

Results and discussion
Infectious porcine respiratory coronavirus and murine norovirus remained detectable on masks and respirators up to five and seven days of passive decontamination. Single and multiple cycles of VHP-, UVGI-, and DH were shown to not adversely affect bacterial filtration efficiency of masks. Single- and multiple UVGI did not adversely affect respirator filtration efficiency, while VHP and DH induced a decrease in filtration efficiency after one or three decontamination cycles. Multiple cycles of VHP-, UVGI-, and DH slightly decreased airflow resistance of masks but did not adversely affect respirator breathability. VHP and UVGI efficiently inactivated both viruses after five, DH after three, decontamination cycles, permitting demonstration of a loss of infectivity by more than three orders of magnitude. This multi-disciplinal approach provides important information on how often a given PPE item may be safely reused.
Work satisfaction among neuroradiology staff after receiving follow up reports of thrombectomy stroke patients
Authors: Hager Charlotte , Taufik Homan , Blum Friederike , Stockero Andrea , Wiesmann Martin , Reich Arno , May Rebecca , Nikoubashman Omid 
Published: May 2021

Background and purpose
During a period of 6 months, we provided our entire neuroradiological staff including physicians, radiographers, and researchers with systematic feedback via email on the further clinical course of stroke patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy. We analyzed the effects of this feedback on work satisfaction, work meaningfulness and valuation of the therapy among our staff.

Methods
Our staff completed two self-reported questionnaires before and after the period of six months with systematic feedback.

Results
Employees with higher work meaningfulness and higher work satisfaction valuated endovascular stroke therapy as more useful (p<0.001). A good clinical outcome was regarded more motivating than a good interventional outcome (p<0.001). Receiving systematic feedback did not increase work satisfaction (p = 0.318) or work meaningfulness (p = 0.178). Radiographers valuated the usefulness of interventional therapy the worst of all employees (p≤ 0.017). After the feedback period, 75% of radiographers estimated stroke as a more severe disease than before. Also, their desire for feedback decreased significantly (p = 0.007). Primarily patient cases with unfavorable outcomes were remembered by the staff.

Conclusions
Systematic email feedback does not per se enhance work satisfaction or work meaningfulness among employees. However, receiving feedback is educative for the staff. Evaluating work satisfaction and the perception of treatment may help to identify unexpected issues and may therefore help to find specific measures that increase work satisfaction and motivation.
Talking to Machines: Simulated Dialogue and the Problem with Turing in Jordan Harrison’s Marjorie Prime
Authors: Peters Maria Verena 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Jordan Harrison’s play Marjorie Prime (Center Theatre Group, LA, 2014), a Pulitzer Prize finalist in 2015, depicts social, medical, and therapeutic interactions between humans and machines. In contrast to other contemporary plays, Harrison’s script does not suggest experimenting with real robots on stage, but follows the traditional approach of having actors pretend that they are machines or, more specifically, projections steered by an artificial intelligence, so-called Primes. The play carefully avoids the “uncanny valley” (Mori) and spares the audience visceral reactions to the machines, instead focusing on philosophical questions about identity, memory, language, and humanness. The article will analyse the use of language as a theatrical code for machineness and explore the implications of language as a criterion for machineness and humanness respectively. Marjorie Prime will be contextualized with the Turing test, especially from the angle of disability studies, to show how the play can be read as a critique of humanism and a plea for posthumanism.
The crystal structure of Hexakis(diethylamido)dimolybdenum, Mo2(NEt2)6
Authors: Brauner Tobias , Wagner Christoph , Merzweiler Kurt 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
C24H60Mo2N6, trigonal,

R

3
‾

$R\bar{3}$

(no. 148), a = 16.7680(8) Å, c = 9.7523(4) Å, V = 2374.7(2) Å3, Z = 3, R

gt
(F) = 0.0205, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0517, T = 213 K.
ACM-W: global growth for a local impact
Authors: Tims Jodi , Ayfer Reyyan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
ACM-W is the community within the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) that is dedicated to issues of gender equality in Computer Science. ACM-W works globally to support, celebrate and advocate for the full participation of women in all aspects of the computing field. This article presents a brief history of ACM-W with an emphasis on the global growth of the organization. A summary of the primary programs of ACM-W is provided to further highlight the global impact of our work. Also included are examples of how ACM-W is partnering with other computing and scientific organizations to realize greater impact in the arena of gender equality.
Effects of load types and critical molar ratios on strength properties and geopolymerization mechanism
Authors: Meng Tao , Ahmed Sara , Dai Dawang , Yu Yue 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, the effect of SiO2/Al2O3 (S/A), Na2O/Al2O3 (N/A) and H2O/Na2O (H/N) molar ratios on bending and compressive strength of geopolymer were investigated. The geopolymerization mechanism was also analyzed from microstructure difference by FTIR. The experimental results showed that compressive strength and bending strength of geopolymer has an opposite reaction under different critical molar ratios. The increase of S/A molar ratio and the decrease of N/A and H/N molar ratios have resulted in an increase of the compressive strength. However, it caused a noticeable decrease in bending strength. The microstructure of geopolymer indicated that the degree of polymerization and cohesion of geopolymer have systematical depending on these critical molar ratios, making the mechanical properties of geopolymer susceptible to different types of loads. This paper reveals the relationship between the microstructure of geopolymer and different mechanical properties and helps to selectively prepare corresponding geopolymer for different loading patterns.
The Impact of Mobile Number Portability on Demand Price Elasticities in Sub-Saharan African Countries
Authors: Mothobi Onkokame 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper examines the effect of mobile number portability (MNP) on own- and cross-price elasticities. We use quarterly data for 27 mobile operators in seven Sub-Saharan Africa countries between 2010Q4 and 2014Q4 to estimate a differentiated products demand model. We find that the implementation of MNP increases price elasticities of demand for mobile services. This increase in price elasticities may be a result of reduction in switching costs between operators. On average, the introduction of MNP increases own-price elasticities by 0.47 in absolute value. We compare the level of price elasticities before and after the implementation of MNP in Ghana and Kenya, which implemented this policy in the time period of our study. Our results suggest that in Ghana, MNP increased own-price elasticities by an average of 0.35 in absolute term from an average of −0.74. In Kenya, the introduction of MNP increased own-price elasticities by an average of 0.21 in absolute term from a lower average of −0.39. However, we find that the average own-price elasticities in Kenya and Ghana remained small even after the implementation of MNP relative to other countries without MNP in place.
Assessing the Impact of Political Involvement on the Reliability and Validity of Virtualized Real-time-response Measurement
Authors: Waldvogel Thomas , Metz Thomas , Wagschal Uwe , Becker Bernd , Feiten Linus , Weishaupt Samuel 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
How does political involvement impact on data quality of virtualized Real-Time-Response (RTR) Measurement? The article addresses this issue, drawing on a large field study (n = 5660) conducted during the 2017 German general election campaign. Since it is unclear how heterogeneous characteristics of individuals influence data quality of RTR-Measurement from audiences surveyed outside the lab, we assess the impact of political involvement on the reliability and validity of virtualized real-time-response data. We show that political involvement shapes reliability and validity systematically but to a degree that does not compromise established standards of data quality. Thus, we conclude that virtualized RTR outside the laboratory with limited means of control is an appropriate method to survey heterogeneous samples in large N-field studies and therefore offers new paths of data collection.
Cloud-Nutzung in der Industrie 4.0
Authors: Fischer Tobias , Schmieder Benedikt 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Nachdem sich die Nutzung von Cloud-Technologien in administrativen Bereichen von Unternehmen (z. B. Office-Software, Dokumentenmanagement, Unified Communications) inzwischen etabliert hat, drängen diese verstärkt in die Realität der industriellen Fertigung vor. Um bei deren Einführung möglichst methodisch und effizient vorgehen zu können, zeigt der Beitrag anhand eines Sechs-Dimensionen-Modells entsprechende Handlungsfelder und Risikofaktoren auf, die den Erfolg von Implementierungsprojekten unterstützen bzw. beeinflussen.
Ableitung eines Vorgehensmodells zur systematischen Wissensgenerierung aus Sensordaten
Authors: Molitor Dirk A. , Kubik Christian , Knoll Maximilian , Becker Marco , Groche Peter 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In diesem Beitrag wird das KDT-EA (Knowledge Discovery in Time Series for Engineering Applications) vorgestellt, eine Verbesserung des bestehenden KDD-Prozesses, um speziell die Analyse von aufgezeichneten Zeitreihen in Produktionsprozessen zu adressieren. Es werden die Schritte von der Datenerfassung bis zur Implementierung der entwickelten Modelle in die Produktionsprozesse beschrieben und die Schlüsselfaktoren für eine erfolgreiche Machine-Learning-Anwendung identifiziert. Am Beispiel der Vorhersage des Biegewinkels in einem Folgeverbundwerkzeugprozess wird der Einfluss der einzelnen Entscheidungen innerhalb der Prozessschritte auf die Modellleistung aufgezeigt.
Flipping the Ship: Ocean Waves, Media Orientations, and Objectivity at Sea
Authors: Helmreich Stefan 
Published: May 2021

The FLoating Instrument Platform (FLIP), a seagoing vessel managed by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, in La Jolla, California, offers an unorthodox vantage point on the sea. In its horizontal conformation, FLIP travels like an ordinary oceangoing craft. But by “flipping” 90 degrees into a vertical position once it arrives at its destination—with all the furniture and instrumentation inside swiveling correspondingly—it becomes an enormous spar buoy, more or less stationary in the wave field. With most of the platform’s 108-meter length below the surface, scientists can work in a stable environment, which helps them study sea surface phenomena such as waves against a largely unwavering baseline. This article offers an anthropologically informed media studies account of work on FLIP, as the author reports on working ethnographically alongside wave scientists in this Escheresque environment, a setting that often sees scientists shifting between aspirations to steady objectivism and moments of fleeting but motivating wonder. Placing FLIP in a longer history of physical oceanography, the author also argues that what wave scientists take ocean waves to be has been strongly imprinted by the techniques and technologies—mathematics, photography, spectral analysis, wave tanks—through which waves have been studied and come to be known. Wave science also inherits knowledge from mid-twentieth-century ocean observation projects in the Pacific Ocean that were conditioned by Cold War American maritime expansion. The paper suggests that the technological mediations, orientations, and re-orientations offered to scientists at sea on FLIP may serve as allegories for apprehending American oceanography’s oscillating visions of the relationship of science to society, of present research to future implications, and of objectivity to politics — visions that come into focus as scientists (and their anthropological interlocutors) switch, alternate, and flip their paradigm scripts, their frames of epistemic reference.
The Ohio Data Story in Three Part
Authors: Andrews Sara 
Published: May 2021

The complex, intricate process of felony sentencing in Ohio makes ensuring clear, comprehendible sentences of the utmost import for the administration of justice and promoting confidence in the system. As such, for more than a year, the Ohio Criminal Sentencing Commission worked with justice system partners to develop a package of uniform felony sentencing documents that prescribe the most clear and concise, minimum language required to comply with Criminal Rule 32 and existing case law and establishes standardized, common data essential for identifying relationships and trends common to all felony courts.
The adoption of the package of felony sentencing documents is the first step to begin standardized, aggregate felony sentencing data collection in Ohio—the Ohio Sentencing Data Platform.
Sentencing data provide opportunities for robust research, including the ability to parse comparative data between counties, recognizing that community standards can drive law enforcement, prosecution, and sentencing decision-making.
The Ohio Sentencing Data Platform will improve information about the people we are trying to help in the criminal justice system and has been met with enthusiastic interest and support from judges and courts throughout the state. Our modest, incremental path will ultimately yield high dividends in building public trust in criminal justice processes and outcomes. At the same time, without fiscal or administrative burden, it will help give judges and decision- makers access to the best information available to perform their public service duty in the most impactful way.
Anticipating the Judicial Response to Ohio’s Proposed Statewide Sentencing Database
Authors: Anderson Scott A. 
Published: May 2021

In her recent State of the Judiciary Address, Ohio Supreme Court Chief Justice Maureen O’Connor promoted a statewide sentencing database as a means for securing equal access to justice for all Ohioans. Chief Justice O’Connor argued that, to ensure confidence in the judicial system, the public “must be able to see justice for all, and understand how it is measured.” The proposed database would provide “metrics on sentencing and the outcomes of court proceedings” and would result in transparency for the public and accountability for sentencing judges.
Nearly a quarter-century ago, then Chief Justice Thomas Moyer set up a Commission on Racial Fairness charged with designing and implementing a comprehensive statewide sentencing database. But, to date, Ohio has not implemented one. “The main excuse,” the current Chief Justice related, is that “it’s difficult to do.”
What follows is an attempt to anticipate a response from Ohio judges to Chief Justice O’Connor’s call for a statewide sentencing database. The hope is that this anticipated judicial response will provide a more realistic picture of the systemic barriers to creating and implementing the Chief Justice’s proposal.
Judges are concerned that a statewide database will undercut the very values that uphold their authority as sentencing judges. When sentencing, judges want to maintain discretion, value proportionality, and honor local norms. After sentencing, judges don’t want to be pigeonholed or scapegoated. Any serious attempt to institute a statewide sentencing database must take into account these legitimate concerns. Ignoring them invites another quarter-century of justice delayed.
Under a Microscope? Show Them the Data
Authors: Reed Judge Jeffrey L. 
Published: May 2021

Judges realize that each criminal defendant who appears for a sentencing is a unique individual, with his or her own peculiar background, experience, and motives. The overriding purposes of our sentencing decisions are to fairly punish the offender and protect the public.
For years, there has been no accurate way to study the data generated by sentencing decisions, even by judges. Yet statistics have always existed, and studies have sometimes made unscientific and unsubstantiated claims of disparity and unfairness in sentencing.
I was proud to volunteer my county to be a part of an effort to maintain confidence in the judiciary. Allen County is a medium-size county with all the types of criminal cases seen in smaller and larger counties. My court system is neither so big as to make the data collection experiment untenable, nor so small as to make the project too easy.
The data platform project is a marriage of two separate disciplines: the judiciary and technology. This is an opportunity to be a part of something important and innovative that will help promote public confidence in the independence, integrity, and impartiality of the judiciary. In the end, my hope is that the data collected will make me and my colleagues better judges and restore any lost confidence in the integrity of what we do.
The evolving role of whole-exome sequencing in the management of disorders of sex development
Authors: Tenenbaum-Rakover Yardena , Admoni Osnat , Elias-Assad Ghadir , London Shira , Noufi-Barhoum Marie , Ludar Hanna , Almagor Tal , Zehavi Yoav , Sultan Charles , Bertalan Rita , Bashamboo Anu , McElreavey Kenneth 
Published: May 2021

Objective
Disorders of sex development (DSD) are defined as congenital conditions in which the development of chromosomal, gonadal and anatomical sex is atypical. Despite wide laboratory and imaging investigations, the etiology of DSD is unknown in over 50% of patients.

Methods
We evaluated the etiology of DSD by whole-exome sequencing (WES) at a mean age of 10 years in nine patients for whom extensive evaluation, including hormonal, imaging and candidate gene approaches, had not identified an etiology.

Results
The eight 46,XY patients presented with micropenis, cryptorchidism and hypospadias at birth and the 46,XX patient presented with labia majora fusion. In seven patients (78%), pathogenic variants were identified for RXFP2, HSD17B3, WT1, BMP4, POR, CHD7 and SIN3A. In two atients, no causative variants were found. Mutations in three genes were reported previously with different phenotypes: an 11-year-old boy with a novel de novo variant in BMP4; such variants are mainly associated with microphthalmia and in few cases with external genitalia anomalies in males, supporting the role of BMP4 in the development of male external genitalia; a 12-year-old boy with a known pathogenic variant in RXFP2, encoding insulin-like 3 hormone receptor, and previously reported in adult men with cryptorchidism; an 8-year-old boy with syndromic DSD had a de novo deletion in SIN3A.

Conclusions
Our findings of molecular etiologies for DSD in 78% of our patients indicate a major role for WES in early DSD diagnosis and management – and highlights the importance of rapid molecular diagnosis in early infancy for sex of rearing decisions.