bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between hedonic hunger and BMI during a two-year behavioural weight loss trial
Authors: Mead Bethan R. , Boyland Emma J. , Christiansen Paul , Halford Jason C. G. , Jebb Susan A. , Ahern Amy L. 
Published: June 2021

Objective
Prospective studies on relationships between hedonic hunger and BMI (Body Mass Index) during weight management are lacking. This study examined if hedonic hunger reduced during a behavioural weight management programme, and if hedonic hunger predicted future BMI.

Methods
Participants were 594 community-dwelling, UK-based adults(396 female; age 56.43 years, s.d. = 12.50, range 20–83 years); 490 participants (82.5%) had obesity. Participants were randomised to a 12- or 52-week behavioural weight management intervention (WW12 or WW52, respectively) or a brief self-help intervention (BI). Relationships between hedonic hunger and BMI over 24 months (baseline, 3, 12, 24 months) were analysed using an autoregressive cross-lagged model.

Results
Hedonic hunger scores decreased from 2.71 (s.d. = .91) at baseline to 2.41 (s.d. = .88) at 3 months (p < .001, CI .22 to .38), remained reduced to 24 months, and were not affected by intervention arm at any time point (p’s>.05). Baseline hedonic hunger scores predicted 3-month scores (B = .76, SE = .03, p < .001, CI .71 to .82), 3-month scores predicted 12-month scores (B = .76, SE = .03, p < .001 CI .72 to .80), and 12-month scores predicted 24-month scores (B = .72, SE = .03, p < .001, CI .64 to .77). Higher hedonic hunger at 3 months predicted higher BMI at 12 months (B = .04, SE = .02, p = .03, CI .01 to .07) but not at 24 months (p>.05). BMI at 12 months was lower in WW52 30.87kg/m2, s.d. = 5.02) than WW12 (32.12 kg/m2, s.d. = 5.58, p = .02, CI .16 to 2.34) and BI (32.74 kg/m2, s.d. = 4.15, p = .01, CI .30 to 3.45). BMI was not affected by intervention at any other time point (p’s>.05).

Conclusion
Hedonic hunger reduced during weight management irrespective of intervention. Early reductions in hedonic hunger appear to be associated with lower BMI in the medium-term. Identifying ways to reduce hedonic hunger during weight loss could aid weight management for some people.
Which factors predict fertility intentions of married men and women? Results from the 2012 Niger Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Budu Eugene , Agbaglo Ebenezer , Adu Collins , Dickson Kwamena Sekyi , Ameyaw Edward Kwabena , Hagan John Elvis , Schack Thomas 
Published: June 2021

Introduction
Niger is the country with the highest total fertility rate in the world. In the present study, we investigated factors associated with the desire for more children among married men and women in Niger.

Materials and methods
We utilised data from the 2012 Niger Demographic and Health Survey. The outcome variable for the study was fertility intentions. The data were analysed with Stata version 14.0. Both descriptive (frequencies and percentages) and inferential (binary logistic regression) analyses were carried out.

Results
Desire for more children was 97.2% and 87.2% among men and women respectively. Women aged 45–49 were less likely to desire more children, compared to those aged 25–39 [aOR = 0.13, CI = 0.11–0.16]. The odds of desire for more children were high in rural areas, compared to urban areas [aOR = 1.61, CI = 1.20–2.17]. Childbearing women with seven or more births were less likely to desire more children, compared to those with 1–3 births [aOR = 0.09, CI = 0.06–0.14]. Men aged 50–59 were less likely to desire more children, compared to those aged 25–39 [aOR = 0.13, CI = 0.05–0.35]. Men with secondary/higher level of education were less likely to desire more children, compared to those with no formal education [aOR = 0.24, CI = 0.11–0.52]. Childbearing men with seven or more births were less likely to desire more children, compared to those with 1–3 births [aOR = 0.06, CI = 0.01–0.30].

Conclusion
This study shows high fertility desire among men and women in Niger. However, the prevalence of fertility desire among men is higher than that of women. A number of socio-economic and demographic factors were found to be associated with desire for more children among men and women in Niger. This calls for a collective effort to educate women and men in Niger on the negative consequences of rapid population growth and large family sizes.
“Adolescents do not only require ARVs and adherence counseling”: A qualitative investigation of health care provider experiences with an HIV youth peer mentoring program in Ndola, Zambia
Authors: Abrams Elizabeth A. , Burke Virginia M. , Merrill Katherine G. , Frimpong Christiana , Miti Sam , Mwansa Jonathan K. , Denison Julie A. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction
Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) living with HIV face unique challenges and have poorer health outcomes than adults with HIV. Project YES! was a youth-led initiative to promote HIV self-management and reduce stigma among AYAs in four Ndola, Zambia clinics. Clinic health care providers (HCPs) were involved in multiple intervention aspects, including serving as expert resources during AYA and caregiver group meetings, facilitating resistance test-based AYA antiretroviral drug changes, meeting with participants referred through a safety protocol, and guiding a subset of participants’ physical transition from pediatric to adult clinic settings. This study aimed to understand HCP insights on facilitators and barriers to implementing Project YES! and scaling up a clinic-based, youth-focused program.

Methods
A trained interviewer conducted ten in-depth interviews with participating HCPs from November–December 2018 and analyzed data, identifying key themes. These themes were examined in terms of two implementation science outcomes–acceptability and feasibility–to inform scalability.

Results
HCPs found peer mentoring valuable for AYAs with HIV and the bimonthly caregiver meetings beneficial to AYA caregivers. HCPs voiced a desire for more involvement in specific processes related to patient clinical care, such as drug changes. HCPs’ experiences with the study safety protocol, including referrals for youth experiences of violence, shifted their views of AYAs and informed their understanding of key issues youth face. Considering this, many HCPs requested more resources to support AYAs’ varied needs. HCPs noted limited time and clinic space as implementation barriers but felt the program was valuable overall.

Conclusions
HCPs concluded youth peer mentoring was highly acceptable and feasible, supporting scale-up of youth-led interventions addressing the multi-faceted needs of AYAs living with HIV. Continued provider involvement in resistance test-based antiretroviral drug changes, considered in the context of health system and clinic policy, would enhance long-term success of the program at scale.
Correlation between thoracolumbar disc degeneration and anatomical spinopelvic parameters in supine position on MRI
Authors: Walter Sven S. , Lorbeer Roberto , Hefferman Gerald , Schlett Christopher L. , Peters Anette , Rospleszcz Susanne , Nikolaou Konstantin , Bamberg Fabian , Notohamiprodjo Mike , Maurer Elke 
Published: June 2021

Objective
This study aims to investigate the correlation between spinopelvic parameters in supine position (pelvic incidence (PI), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), lumbar lordosis (LL)), disc degeneration and herniation of the thoracolumbar spine, as well as cardiovascular risk factors and back pain in a southern German cohort from the general population.

Methods
This study is a cross-sectional, case–control study drawn from a prospective cohort of the “Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg/Kooperative Gesundheitsforschung in der Region Augsburg” study (KORA). In total, 374 participants (mean age 56.4 ± 9.2 years; 57.8% male) from the whole-body MRI cohort (FF4) were included. All participants underwent a standardized whole-body MRI on which disc degeneration of the thoracic and lumbar spine was evaluated using a sequence adapted Pfirrmann score. PI, PT, SS and LL were measured according to the description in the literature, using sagittal imaging. Furthermore, disc bulging and protrusion were assessed. Correlations were estimated by logistic regression models providing odds ratios.

Results
Mean PI was 54.0° ± 11.1°, PT 13.0° ± 5.8°, SS 40.2° ± 8.8° and LL 36.2° ± 9.6°. SS was greater in men (p<0.05) and lumbar lordosis in women (p<0.001). PT increased by 0.09° per age-year with rising age. Age was not associated with PI, SS and LL. Neither BMI, hypertension, cholesterol, lipid levels, nor physical activity were associated with PI, PT, SS or LL. Diabetes mellitus negatively correlated with SS (β = -4.19; 95%CI -7.31–1.06, p<0.01). Smaller spinopelvic parameters (PI, SS and LL) where significantly (p<0.05) correlated with an increased frequency of disc bulging, as well as a local clustering in the lumbar, but not the thoracic spine.

Conclusion
In conclusion, spinopelvic parameters, measured in supine position, are significantly correlated with disc bulging alone; there is no significant correlation between supine spinopelvic parameters and disc degeneration, back pain or cardiovascular risk factors.
Integrating a problem-solving intervention with routine care to improve psychosocial functioning among mothers of children with sickle cell disease: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Asnani Monika R. , Francis Damian , Knight-Madden Jennifer , Chang-Lopez Susan , King Lesley , Walker Susan 
Published: June 2021

Objective
To assess the feasibility of a problem-solving skills training intervention in improving psychological outcomes in mothers of infants with sickle cell disease (SCD).

Design and methods
This parallel randomized controlled trial recruited 64 babies with SCD, 6 to 12 months of age, and their mothers. Baseline measurements assessed mothers’ coping and problem-solving skills, depression, and parental stress before random assignment to intervention or control groups (n = 32 each). Problem-solving skills intervention was delivered through 6 monthly sessions, when babies attended for routine penicillin prophylaxis. All measurements were repeated for both groups at the end of the intervention period. Intention to treat analysis used repeated measures mixed models with the restricted estimation maximum likelihood approach.

Results
The problem-solving intervention had no significant effect on mothers’ problem-solving skills (adjusted treatment effect: -1.69 points (95% CI:-5.62 to 2.25)), coping behaviours (adjusted treatment effect: 0.65 points (95% CI:- -7.13 to 8.41)) or depressive symptoms (adjusted treatment effect: -0.41 (95% CI: -6.00 to 5.19)). It reduced mothers’ level of difficulty in managing stressful events by 9.5 points (95% CI (-16.86 to -2.16); effect size: 0.21 SD). In the subgroup of mothers at risk of depression (n = 31 at baseline), the intervention reduced depression scores with treatment effect of 10.4 points (95%CI: -18.83 to -1.88; effect size: 0.67 SD).

Conclusion
This problem-solving skills intervention study suggests feasibility and possible efficacy in improving some maternal outcomes. Further refinement and culturally appropriate adaptations of the intervention could lead to stronger effects.
Environmental Effects of Generator Fumes in Kwara State, Nigeria: A Survey- An Empirical Evidence
Authors: Saka Abdulrasaki 
Published: June 2021

In March 2019 the Nigeria, Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFUND) funded a proposal I submitted to conduct a research project aimed at determining the quantitative magnitude impact of environmental effects of generator fumes in Kwara State, Nigeria. This paper assesses the impact of this energy use and measure on health hazards, environmental damage and social hazards, using households and business owners as the key units of analyses. Our findings indicate that affected users reacted heterogeneously to the effects of fossil-fuels-electric-generator which releases generator fumes from its exhaust pipe. Specifically, data analyzed were sufficiently adequate to reveal its significance that an increase in neighbors’ exposure to hazards by 1 unit reduces generator fumes by about 6 per cent; whereas an increase in health hazards (impaired visibility, deafness, sleeplessness, choking sensation and dizziness), and noise pollution (environmental hazards), by 1 unit increases generator fumes by about 9%; and an increase by one unit of parent/s who are usually followed by their wards to start fossil-fuels-electric-generator increases generator fumes by about 5% (0.046), holding all other factors constant. As expected, the impacts of the measure on the use of fossil-fuels-electric-generator has been rather serious in health and environmental concerns.
From apartheid to Post-Apartheid: The Representational Trajectory to a Multiracial Nation in Nadine Gordimer’s None to Accompany Me, Andre Brink’s The Rights of Desire and Zakes Mda’s The Madonna of Excelsior
Authors: LANGMIA FORTI ETIENNE 
Published: June 2021

This article, which draws inspiration from the literary works of three South African writers, focuses on the two (amongst many) major historic periods in the life of the present-day nation described as post-apartheid South Africa. The two periods, evident in the works of Andre Brink, Zakes Mda and Nadine Gordimer under review, are the reign of apartheid and the transition to a democratic multiracial society built on the principles of equality and the respect of the rights and freedoms of South Africans. From both historical and literary standpoints, the transition to multiracialism is the outcome of the struggle of the oppressed black population of South Africa against the oppressive monolithic racist regime which ruled the country on an official governance policy which it called ‘Apartheid’. In order to enforce this inhumane worldview, the said racist regime used means of brutality and savagery with the intention of transforming the country into a ‘white nation’ that would belong to a minority-turned majority known as the Afrikaners. The often callous and gruesome acts of inhumanity perpetrated by the different racist apartheid regimes (that ruled South Africa from 1948-1994) became a major concern to the world at large and South African anti-apartheid writers in particular. Thus this category of the country’s writers tended to use literature as an instrument of protest against racial discrimination, which brought untold hardship to the black population. Andre Brink, Zakes Mda, and Nadine Gordimer are among the writers whose works vividly trace the South African experience from apartheid to post-apartheid eras. Brink, Mda and Gordimer in their respective works attempt to portray the endeavours and challenges of reconstructing the new nation from the debris of close to four decades of the brutal regime. The main issues discussed in this article are analyzed from New Historicist and Postcolonial perspectives due to the peculiar postcolonial nature of South Africa.
Extending meromorphic connections to coadmissible ̑𝒟-modules
Authors: Bitoun Thomas , Bode Andreas 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We investigate when a meromorphic connection on a smooth rigid analytic variety 𝑋 gives rise to a coadmissible

D
⏜

X

\overparen{\mathcal{D}}_{X}

-module, and show that this is always the case when the roots of the corresponding 𝑏-functions are all of positive type.
We also use this theory to give an example of an integrable connection on the punctured unit disk whose pushforward is not a coadmissible module.
Electrostatically actuated double walled piezoelectric nanoshell subjected to nonlinear van der Waals effect: nonclassical vibrations and stability analysis
Authors: Hashemi Kachapi Sayyid H. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, nonlinear vibration and frequency response analysis of double walled piezoelectric nanoshell (DWPENS) is investigated using nonclassical approach of the Gurtin–Murdoch surface/interface (GMSIT) theory. The piezoelectric nanoshell is simultaneously subjected to visco-Pasternak medium, the nonlinear van der Waals and electrostatic forces. Hamilton’s principles, the assumed mode method combined with Lagrange–Euler’s are used for the governing equations and boundary conditions. Complex averaging method combined with Arc-length continuation is used to achieve the nonlinear frequency response and stability analysis of the DWPENS. It is found that the electrostatic and piezoelectric voltages, the length to radius ratio, the nanoshell gap width, van der Waals (vdW) coefficients and other parameters can effectively change the flexural rigidity of the system which in turn affects the nonlinear frequency response. And also, increasing or decreasing of some parameters lead to increasing or decreasing the resonance amplitude, resonant frequency, the system’s instability, nonlinear behavior, and bandwidth.
Light fidelity optical network a comparative performance evaluation
Authors: Tripathi Devendra Kr. , Singh Pallavi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Light-Fidelity (Li-Fi) is the bidirectional communication technique, tenders almost unlimited bandwidth, exploit unlicensed spectrum of light waves. Accordingly, this manuscript illustrates usage of visible light communication (VLC) applied as Li-Fi, an efficient scheme to broadcast data wirelessly as well safer technique in contrary to the customary Wireless-Fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks. In support numerical simulations have been executed over the proposed Li-Fi model for the parametric variation with the data rate, laser power, modulation format and wavelength, communication length. Investigations have showed good output performance, with hike in data rate BER variation as 10−94–10−23 and testing length. Simulations of network with DPSK and NRZ modulation formats at high data transmission of 10 Gbps have showed good output performance with 10−40 with DPSK format. Li-Fi systems are quality solution for the impending communication systems save cost, provide high spectral efficiency.
“LER PELO NÃO”
Authors: Reis da Silva Kühn Ana Érica 
Published: June 2021

Paulo Leminski fundou sua dicção poética a partir da leitura que realizou de outros poetas, elegendo, assim, a própria tradição. É possível encontrar em sua obra as diversas vozes que influenciaram sua expressão. Esse exercício de leitura não está presente apenas na poesia de Leminski, mas também nos ensaios, nos quais lê e analisa, de forma crítica, as obras e também a prática inventiva de alguns escritores. Para tanto, organizou um livro que reúne apenas ensaios dedicados a alguns autores, intitulado Anseios crípticos 2. Contudo, vale ressaltar que a relação com a tradição que escolheu para si, em especial a concretista, nem sempre é pacífica, mas assinalada por uma tensão, uma vez que essa leitura, por vezes, é realizada pelo viés do “não”. Isso ocorre porque, apesar de admirar seus predecessores, Leminski não desejou seguir o curso delineado por eles, posto que almejou instituir o próprio estilo. Para isso, buscou, nessa tradição, convalidar seus próprios valores e, assim, conquistar o seu lugar perante o cânone poético que escolheu para si. A partir de tais argumentos, este trabalho visa analisar o modo como Leminski leu os seus pares, observando, sobretudo, a tensão presente nesse diálogo, a exemplo do que ocorre com o Concretismo. Desse modo, procederemos com a análise de poemas, ensaios críticos e cartas que versam sobre poetas e tradições com as quais Leminski dialogou.
In Vitro Effect of Denture Cleansers on the Color Stability of Polyetheretherketone and Other Denture Base Polymers
Authors: Tekin Samet 
Published: June 2021

The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the long-term effect of overnight use of denture cleansers with different chemical compositions on the color stability of denture base polymers (DBPs). The four DBPs evaluated were PEEK (PK group), thermoinjection-molded polyamide (PA group), auto-polymerized polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) (AP group), and heat-polymerized resin PMMA (HP group). The cleaning agents used were Corega tablet (CT), Protefix tablet (PT), and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution (SH). Distilled water (DW) served as a control. Forty-eight disc-shaped specimens (10mm × 2mm) were prepared from each DBP and randomly immersed in the different storage media (n=12 in each group). Color measurements of the specimens before and after immersion in the denture cleansers were made using a spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade V). The color changes were measured and recorded in L* a* b*. After 120 d, the CIEDE2000 formula was used to calculate color changes (∆E00). For analysis of the data, a multivariate analysis of variance was used (p<0.05). The results of the statistical analysis revealed significant color change differences in the DBPs immersed in the various denture cleansers (p<0.05). Groups PA and PK showed the highest values for all solutions. AP-SH showed the highest ∆E00 value in group AP, no significant difference was found between other solutions. In group HP, there was no statistically significant difference between the average ∆E00 values of all solutions. Long-term daily use of the denture cleansers affected the color stability of all the DBPs, although the level of color change was acceptable. Laboratory and clinical studies on the color stability of PEEK are needed to confirm the results of this study.
ENZYMATIC SACHARIFICATION OF ALKALINE PRETREATED RICE STRAW BY CELLULASE FROM CELLULOSIMICROBIUM SP. MP1
Authors: Xuan Dao Thi Thanh , Ha Le Thanh , Tien Phi Quyet 
Published: June 2021

The effects of different physical and technological parameter such as time, substrate to liquid ratio, enzyme concentration, temperature, and pH on enzymatic saccharification of alkaline pretreated straw cellulose were studied. For alkaline pretreatment, the straw was incubated with 10 % NaOH at ratio 1:20 (w/v) at 90 °C for 1 hour. After the alkaline pretreatment the cellulose content increased from 50.2 % (w/w) to 67.3 % (w/w). Enzyme used for saccharification of treated and untreated straw was produced from Cellulosimicrobium sp MP1 which was isolated from termite gut. Results from research showed that the highest percentage of saccharification of alkaline pretreated straw was 69.91 %, corresponding to 10.58 mg/mL of reducing sugar. The hydrolysis conditions for reaching this highest saccharification yield were: temperature of 55 ºC, substrate to liquid ratio of 2 g/100 mL, enzyme concentration of 37.5 U/g, pH of 5.5 and hydrolysis time of 48 hours.
DEVELOPMENT OF DIRECTIONAL ALGORITHM FOR THREE-WHEEL OMNIDIRECTIONAL AUTONOMOUS MOBILE ROBOT
Authors: Truong Le Phuong , Liang Tsai Huan Liang Tsai , Tuan Huynh Cao 
Published: June 2021

A The proposed system developed an omnidirectional algorithm to control autonomous mobile robots with three wheels. The implementation system consists of three Planet DC motors with rated power of 80 W for three wheels, three encoders for speed feedback, one encoder for distance feedback, and one digital compass sensor for angle feedback. The main system with an STM32F407 microcontroller is designed for directional control of wheels based the signal received from compass sensor and encoder and then controls three subsystems to adjust the steering speed of each wheel. The sub-system is built to control only one DC motor for each wheel with the built-in proportional integral derivative controller (PID) algorithm by an STM32F103 microcontroller. Furthermore, the directional control algorithm is developed for three omnidirectional wheels and a PID algorithm is designed to control the speed of DC motor for each wheel. From the results the proposed system has the advantages: (1) to auto adjust the angle and position; (2) to erase the sensor for tracking line of the automobile robot; (3) cost-effectiveness and high accuracy