bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Boosting Oxygen Reduction via Integrated Construction and Synergistic Catalysis of Porous Platinum Alloy and Defective Graphitic Carbon
Authors: Huang Lei , Su Ya‐Qiong , Qi Ruijuan , Dang Dai , Qin Yanyang , Xi Shibo , Zaman Shahid , You Bo , Ding Shujiang , Xia Bao Yu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntegrated fabrication through the strong interaction between catalyst and carrier is crucial to realize efficient oxygen electrocatalysis for fuel cells. We report herein a porous Pt‐rich alloy encapsulated by graphitic carbon via integration engineering, where a synergistic catalysis between ternary PtCuCo alloy and graphitic Co‐N‐C results in the optimized reaction pathway and improved oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance. The hybrid catalyst PtCuCo@Co‐N‐C delivers a mass activity of 1.14 A mgPt−1 at 0.9 V vs. RHE and a peak power density of 960 mW cm−2 in the full‐cell assessment, outperforming commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.12 A mgPt−1 and 780 mW cm−2). Experimental results combined with theoretical simulations suggest that the mutual assistance between porous Pt alloy and Co‐N‐C accounts for the enhanced catalytic performance. Such integrated engineering concept is significant for strengthening the anti‐corrosion capabilities and improving the ORR performance of Pt‐based catalysts.
Recycled polyethylene/polyethylene‐ethylene‐1‐octene‐maleic anhydride composite with improved mechanical properties
Authors: He Hezhi , Wang Yi , Gao Jun , Huang Zhaoxia , Liu Yufan , Tian Guidong , Xu Li , Zhu Zhiwen 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOwing to the thermomechanical degradation and impurities, the high‐value utilization of waste packaging plastics is still a great challenge. In this work, we confirmed that the major sort of impurity in waste polyethylene (PE) packing films is calcium carbonate. Consequently, PE/poly(ethylene‐co‐1‐octene)‐maleic anhydride (rPE/POE‐g‐MAH) and poly(ethylene‐co‐1‐octene) (rPE/POE) composites were recycled using a custom‐made three‐screw extruder, who can supply intensive shear flow during extrusion. The POE‐g‐MAH is detected to be filled between PE and inorganic impurities, and the compatibility is improved through chemical reactions. As mechanical test manifested, the rPE/POE‐g‐MAH blends present higher tensile strength and elongation at break than the rPE/POE blends at the same composition. The reason for such improved toughness of composite was explained in detail through the tensile fracture surface analysis. Rheology test further shows that POE‐g‐MAH improves the compatibility of matrix and impurities. In summary, this article provides a sustainable route for enhancing the poor ductility of recycled express bags in a simple and economical way, which could pave an avenue for high‐value utilization of waste packaging plastics. At the same time, it also provides new solutions for material selection in packaging, construction, agriculture and other fields.
Low cost and eco‐friendly polymeric matrix prepared by physical cross‐linking as potential potassium nitrate release system
Authors: Perez Bravo Jonas J. , Francois Nora J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractChitosan‐poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blends were used to form spherical polymeric networks using sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) as an ionic cross‐linker. Ionotropic gelation and neutralization of protonated chitosan induced the formation of beads after contacting the polymeric droplets with a STPP aqueous solution. Morphology, structural characteristics and thermal stability of beads were elucidated using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The water swelling kinetics and the capacity of KNO3 loading of beads as well as the release process of the loaded salt were also studied. It was found that beads exhibited an equilibrium swelling ratio in the range of 324%–361%. PVA addition improved the economic viability of the polymeric matrix without compromising the formation of the beads. The cross‐linking time and the composition of the polymeric hydrogel did not significantly modify the cross‐linking degree and the fertilizer loading capability. Release experiments were performed submerging loaded beads in distilled water. After 10 days of continuous release, the cumulative concentration in the release medium reached near 100% of the initially loaded salt. Loaded beads are environmental‐friendly and could be useful in agricultural applications as controlled‐release fertilizers.
Understanding the spread ofCOVID‐19 misinformation on social media: The effects of topics and a political leader's nudge
Authors: Wang Xiangyu , Zhang Min , Fan Weiguo , Zhao Kang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe spread of misinformation on social media has become a major societal issue during recent years. In this work, we used the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic as a case study to systematically investigate factors associated with the spread of multi‐topic misinformation related to one event on social media based on the heuristic‐systematic model. Among factors related to systematic processing of information, we discovered that the topics of a misinformation story matter, with conspiracy theories being the most likely to be retweeted. As for factors related to heuristic processing of information, such as when citizens look up to their leaders during such a crisis, our results demonstrated that behaviors of a political leader, former US President Donald J. Trump, may have nudged people's sharing of COVID‐19 misinformation. Outcomes of this study help social media platform and users better understand and prevent the spread of misinformation on social media.
Perylene Diimide Hexamer Based on Combination of Direct and Indirect Linkage Manners for Non‐fullerene Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Hu Cetao , Zhang Sixuan , Wu Mingliang , Chen Xingyu , Xu Jingwen , Shen Hao , Wang Huan , Wu Di , Xia Jianlong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPerylene diimide (PDI) is one of the most intensively studied building blocks for the construction of non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs). In this contribution, based on combination of the direct and indirect linkage manners of PDI units at the bay position, a propeller‐shaped PDI hexamer T‐DPDI was designed and synthesized. The singly bonded PDI dimer DPDI and the benzene ring cored PDI trimer TPDI were synthesized for comparison. The photovoltaic performances of these three PDI derivatives were investigated using the commercially available PTB7‐Th as electron donor. A best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.58% was obtained for T‐DPDI based organic solar cells (OSCs), which is higher than those of DPDI and TPDI based ones. The superior photovoltaic performance of T‐DPDI can be ascribed to its stronger absorption and more favorable morphology. This study presents an interesting example of improving the photovoltaic performances of PDI based NFAs by hybridizing the direct and indirect linkage manners.
Quercetin‐loaded platelets as a potential targeted therapy for glioblastoma multiforme cell line U373‐MG
Authors: Bhandarkar Sayali , Prabhakar Bala , Shende Pravin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOver the globe, the incidence of glioblastoma multiforme (GM) is very low, that is, 1–4 cases per 100,000, but it is fatal and cancer grows very fast inside the brain tissues, namely astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Because of the rapid growth, it is difficult to halt the dissemination of tumor in adjacent tissues. Although temozolomide (TMZ) is a currently approved standard of care, it develops resistance over the period. Therefore, there is a need to develop a novel drug delivery system. In this work, authors have developed platelets as drug delivery carriers‐loaded with quercetin (QCT) for targeting GM. The effect of QCT and QCT‐platelet was assessed on the U373‐MG cell line. Natural human platelets were used as carriers for drug loading and drug delivery. Platelets possess an open canalicular system that allows the uptake of drug molecules in the platelet cytoplasm. The study showed that the maximum encapsulation efficiency of QCT‐platelet was 93.96 ± 0.12% and the maximum drug release in 24 h was 76.26 ± 0.13% in‐vitro at pH 5.5 that mimics the tumor microenvironment. In this work, there is a three‐fold enhancement of solubility of QCT. The cytotoxic activity of QCT‐platelets was studied in the U373‐MG human astrocytoma glioblastoma cell line and the cell viability was 14.52 ± 1.53% after 48 h. Thus, platelets were proved as good carriers for therapeutic moieties and can be effectively used to target the glioblastoma tumor in the near future.
MLL3 is a de novo cause of endocrine therapy resistance
Authors: Stauffer Kimberly M. , Elion David L. , Cook Rebecca S. , Stricker Thomas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundCancer resequencing studies have revealed epigenetic enzymes as common targets for recurrent mutations. The monomethyltransferase MLL3 is among the most recurrently mutated enzymes in ER+ breast cancer. The H3K4me1 marks created by MLL3 can define enhancers. In ER+ breast cancer, ERα genome‐binding sites are primarily distal enhancers. Thus, we hypothesize that mutation of MLL3 will alter the genomic binding and transcriptional regulatory activity of ERα.MethodsWe investigated the genomic consequences of knocking down MLL3 in an MLL3/PIK3CA WT ER+ breast cancer cell line.ResultsLoss of MLL3 led to a large loss of H3K4me1 across the genome, and a shift in genomic location of ERα‐binding sites, which was accompanied by a re‐organization of the breast cancer transcriptome. Gene set enrichment analyses of ERα‐binding sites in MLL3 KD identified endocrine therapy resistance terms, and we showed that MLL3 KD cells are resistant to tamoxifen and fulvestrant. Many differentially expressed genes are controlled by the small collection of new locations of H3K4me1 deposition and ERα binding, suggesting that loss of functional MLL3 leads to new transcriptional regulation of essential genes. Motif analysis of RNA‐seq and ChIP‐seq data highlighted SP1 as a critical transcription factor in the MLL3 KD cells. Differentially expressed genes that display a loss of ERα binding upon MLL3 KD also harbor increased SP1 binding.ConclusionsOur data show that a decrease in functional MLL3 leads to endocrine therapy resistance. This highlights the importance of genotyping patient tumor samples for MLL3 mutation upon initial resection, prior to deciding upon treatment plans.
Safety and efficacy of dedicated guidewire, microcatheter, and guide catheter extension technologies for chronic total coronary occlusion revascularization: Primary results of the Teleflex Chronic Total Occlusion Study
Authors: Kandzari David E. , Alaswad Khaldoon , Jaffer Farouc A. , Brilakis Emmanouil , Croce Kevin , Kearney Kathleen , Spaedy Anthony , Yeh Robert , Thompson Craig , Nicholson William , Wyman R. Michael , Riley Robert , Lansky Alexandra , Buller Christopher , Karmpaliotis Dimitrios 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundDescription of procedural outcomes using contemporary techniques that apply specialized coronary guidewires, microcatheters, and guide catheter extensions designed for chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous revascularization is limited.MethodsA prospective, multicenter, single‐arm study was conducted to evaluate procedural and in‐hospital outcomes among 150 patients undergoing attempted CTO revascularization utilizing specialized guidewires, microcatheters and guide extensions. The primary endpoint was defined as successful guidewire recanalization and absence of in‐hospital cardiac death, myocardial infarction (MI), or repeat target lesion revascularization (major adverse cardiac events, MACE).ResultsThe prevalence of diabetes was 32.7%; prior MI, 48.0%; and previous bypass surgery, 32.7%. Average (mean ± standard deviation) CTO length was 46.9 ± 20.5 mm, and mean J‐CTO score was 1.9 ± 0.9. Combined radial and femoral arterial access was performed in 50.0% of cases. Device utilization included: support microcatheter, 100%; guide catheter extension, 64.0%; and mean number of study guidewires/procedure was 4.8 ± 2.6. Overall, procedural success was achieved in 75.3% of patients. The rate of successful guidewire recanalization was 94.7%, and in‐hospital MACE was 19.3%. Achievement of TIMI grade 2 or 3 flow was observed in 93.3% of patients. Crossing strategies included antegrade (54.0%), retrograde (1.3%) and combined antegrade/retrograde techniques (44.7%). Clinically significant perforation resulting in hemodynamic instability and/or requiring intervention occurred in 16 (10.7%) patients.ConclusionsIn a multicenter, prospective registration study, favorable procedural success was achieved despite high lesion complexity using antegrade and retrograde guidewire maneuvers and with acceptable safety, yet with comparably higher risk than conventional non‐CTO PCI.
Oral reconstruction with hybrid implant‐supported fixed prostheses in cases of mandibular defect using two methods along with 3 years of follow‐up: A case report
Authors: Niakan Somayeh , Yaghoobi Negin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAmeloblastoma is an invasive odontogenic tumor, and for reconstruction, iliac graft and dental implants play an important role. This article evaluates the application of hybrid prostheses, clinical steps, and complications related to this treatment.
Input of Electroanalytical Methods for the Determination of Diclofenac: A Review of Recent Trends and Developments
Authors: Kassahun Getnet Sewnet , Griveau Sophie , Bedioui Fethi , Slim Cyrine 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDiclofenac (DCL) is a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory commonly prescribed to treat inflammatory joint diseases and mild to moderate pain. DCL residues have often been detected in freshwater environments and it belongs to the list of emerging pollutants (EPs) because of the risk it presents for health and environment. Many studies have described the potential effects of DCL on organisms when exposed to environmental levels ranging from a few ng L−1to tens of μg L−1in surface water. Until now, its detection essentially depends on conventional techniques, such HPLC and GC/MS. Although these analytic techniques are very robust, they are expensive, require experts, and are not portable. Electrochemical sensors are an attractive alternative. They provide many benefits over thermal, optical, and piezoelectric detection including ease of use, rapidity, cost‐effectiveness, high sensitivity and selectivity, ease of miniaturization and robustness. The aim of this review is to report electrochemical methods used for the detection of DCL and to describe strategies for improving performances of each sensors.
Quantification of Asymmetric Ion Transport in Glass Nanopipettes near Charged Substrates
Authors: Ma Yingfei , Liu Rujia , Shen Xiaoyue , Wang Dengchao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTaking advantage of asymmetric ion transport in nanopipettes, the surface charges of various substrates have been successfully imaged by scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM). The predominant electrostatic interaction between charged nanopipettes and substrates thus needs to be better elucidated and quantified, as traditional SICM theory is not adequate to describe the resulting ion current. Herein, we use both experimental and simulation methods to study the asymmetric ion‐transport processes in nanopipettes near charged substrates, and correlate surface charge and geometry parameters to the resulting ionic current. It is found that for negatively charged substrates and nanopipettes, positive feedback responses are displayed at the high conductivity states, and they are sensitive to the applied voltages and surface charges. While at the low conductivity states, comparable negative feedback responses are largely independent of experimental conditions. The elucidated and quantified asymmetric ion transport features would allow more accurate measurements and analysis for approaching and surface charge mapping in SICM applications.
Insights on Luminescent Micro‐ and Nanospheres of Infinite Coordination Polymers
Authors: Arroyos Guilherme , da Silva Caroline M. , Theodoroviez Lucas B. , Campanella Jonatas E. M. , Frem Regina C. G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCoordination polymers have been extensively studied in recent years. Some of these materials can exhibit several properties such as permanent porosity, high surface area, thermostability and light emission, as well as open sites for chemical functionalization. Concerning the fact that this kind of compounds are usually solids, the size and morphology of the particles are important parameters when an application is desired. Inside this context, there is a subclass of coordination polymers, named infinite coordination polymers (ICPs), which auto‐organize as micro‐ or nanoparticles with low crystallinity. Specifically, the particles exhibiting spherical shapes and reduced sizes can be better dispersed, enter cells much easier than bulk crystals and be converted to inorganic materials by topotactic transformation. Luminescent ICPs, in particular, can find applications in several areas, such as sensing probes, light‐emitting devices and bioimaging. In this review, we present the state‐of‐the‐art of ICP‐based spherical particles, including the growth mechanisms, some applications for luminescent ICPs and the challenges to overcome in future commercial usage of these materials.
Competition between inter and intramolecular hydrogen bond evidenced by vibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy: The case of (1S,2R)‐(−)‐cis‐1‐amino‐2‐indanol
Authors: Le Barbu‐Debus Katia , Zehnacker Anne 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe infrared (IR) absorption and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra of an intramolecularly hydrogen‐bonded chiral amino‐alcohol, (1S,2R)‐(−)‐cis‐1‐amino‐2‐indanol, are studied in DMSO‐d6. The spectra are simulated at the density functional theory (DFT) level within the frame of the cluster‐in‐the‐liquid model. Both IR and VCD spectra show a clear signature of the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds at the detriment of the intramolecular OH … N interaction present in the isolated molecule. Two solvent molecules are necessary to reproduce the experimental spectra. Whereas the first DMSO molecule captures the main spectral modifications due to hydrogen bond formation between the solute and the solvent, the second DMSO molecule is necessary for a good description of the Boltzmann contribution of the different complexes, based on their Gibbs free energy.
Excess risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms in adolescent and young adult cancer survivors: Results from the first Italian population‐based cohort
Authors: Trama Annalisa , Tittarelli Andrea , Barigelletti Giulio , Botta Laura , Gatta Gemma , Tagliabue Giovanna , Contiero Paolo , Guzzinati Stefano , Andreano Anita , Manneschi Gianfranco , Falcini Fabio , Castaing Marine , Filiberti Rosa A. , Gasparotti Cinzia , Cirilli Claudia , Mazzucco Walter , Mangone Lucia , Iacovacci Silvia , Vitale Maria F. , Stracci Fabrizio , Piffer Silvano , Tumino Rosario , Carone Simona , Sampietro Giuseppe , Melcarne Anna , Ballotari Paola , Boschetti Lorenza , Pisani Salvatore , Cavalieri D'Oro Luca , Cuccaro Francesco , D'Argenzio Angelo , D'Orsi Giancarlo , Fanetti Anna C. , Ardizzone Antonino , Candela Giuseppa , Savoia Fabio , Pascucci Cristiana , Castelli Maurizio , Storchi Cinzia , Bernasconi Alice 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundEvidence about late effects in adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors is scarce. This study assessed the risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs) to identify the most common SMNs to be considered in follow‐up care.MethodsPopulation‐based cancer registries retrospectively identified first primary tumors (between 1976 and 2013) and SMNs in AYAs (15‐39 years old at their cancer diagnosis). AYA cancer survivors were those alive at least 5 years after their first cancer diagnosis. The excess risk of SMNs was measured as standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and absolute excess risk together with the cumulative incidence of SMNs.ResultsThe cohort included 67,692 AYA cancer survivors. The excess risk of developing any SMN (SIR, 1.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.5‐1.7) was 60%. The excess risk of SMNs was significantly high for survivors of lymphomas; cancers of the breast, thyroid, female genital tract, digestive organs, gonads, and urinary tract; and melanomas. The cumulative incidence of all SMNs in AYA cancer survivors within 25 years of their first cancer diagnosis was approximately 10%. Subsequent tumors contributing to approximately 60% of all SMNs were breast cancer, colorectal cancer, corpus uteri cancer, and ovarian cancer in females and colorectal cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer, and lymphomas in males.ConclusionsThese results highlight the need to personalize follow‐up strategies for AYA cancer survivors.
Simulation and implementation of a two‐mode‐operation transconductance regulator with a Gallium Nitride High‐Electron‐Mobility Transistor
Authors: Pai Kai‐Jun , Lin Chang‐Hua 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA GaN high‐electron‐mobility transistor (HEMT) with a wide‐bandwidth operational amplifier was employed to implement and develop a two‐mode‐operation transconductance regulator (TMOTR). Using the proposed TMOTR, the laser diode can be operated in either the continuous constant‐current mode to fulfill a continuous‐wave laser or pulse‐width modulation (PWM) to achieve a narrow‐pulsed laser. When the laser diode is operated in PWM mode and at high frequency, the parasitic elements of the GaN HEMT, laser diodes, printed circuit board, and power wires must be considered, because these parasitic elements can influence the rising‐edge slope of the laser diode driving current resulting in narrow‐pulsed duty cycle diminution. This study applied equivalent circuit models of a GaN HEMT and laser diode to determine the parasitic parameters in accordance with device packages; therefore, the simulation circuit of the TMOTR with its parasitic element could be implemented to obtain the critical simulation waveform. The parasitic element parameters of the laser diode and GaN HEMT were calculated in detail and used simulation software to verify the TMOTR's characteristics. Finally, the TMOTR prototype was implemented, and the experimental waveforms were measured to confirm simulations, equivalent circuits, and dynamic responses; the GaN HEMT and MOSFET were experimented to compare their differences.