bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quiescent‐Interval Slice‐Selective MRA Accurately Estimates Intravascular Stent Dimensions Prior to Intervention in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Decker Josua A. , Fischer Andreas M. , Schoepf U. Joseph , Xiong Fei , Todoran Thomas M. , Aldinger Jonathan , Ellis Lauren , Edelman Robert R. , Koktzoglou Ioannis , Emrich Tilman , Varga‐Szemes Akos 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundQuiescent‐interval slice‐selective (QISS) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is a non‐contrast alternative for the pre‐procedural assessment of patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, the feasibility of pre‐procedural stent size estimation using QISS MRA would merit investigation.PurposeTo evaluate the feasibility of QISS MRA for pre‐procedural stent size estimation in PAD patients compared to computed tomography angiography (CTA).Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsThirty‐three PAD patients (68 ± 9 years, 18 men, 15 women).Field Strength/SequenceTwo‐dimensional balanced steady‐state free precession QISS MRA at 1.5 T and 3 T.AssessmentAll patients received QISS MRA and CTA of the lower extremity run‐off followed by interventional digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Stenotic lesion length and diameter were quantified (AMF and AVS with 3 and 13 years of experience in cardiovascular imaging, respectively) to estimate the dimensions of the stent necessary to restore blood flow in the treated arteries. Measured dimensions were adjusted to the closest stent size available.Statistical TestsThe Friedman test with subsequent pairwise Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was used to compare the estimated stent dimensions between QISS MRA, CTA, and the physical stent size used for intervention. Intra‐class correlation (ICC) analysis was performed to assess inter‐reader agreement. Significant differences were considered at P < 0.05.ResultsNo significant difference was observed between estimated stent diameter by QISS MRA or CTA compared to physical stent diameter (8.9 ± 2.9 mm, 8.8 ± 3.0 mm, and 8.8 ± 3.8 mm, respectively; χ2 = 1.45, P = 0.483). There was a significant underestimation of stent length for both QISS MRA and CTA, compared to physical stent length (45.8 ± 27.8 mm, 46.4 ± 29.3 mm, and 50.4 ± 34.0 mm, respectively; χ2 = 11.96) which could be corrected when measurements were adjusted to the next available stent length (χ2 = 2.38, P = 0.303). Inter‐reader assessment showed good to excellent agreement between the readers (all ICC ≥0.81).Data ConclusionQISS MRA represents a reliable method for pre‐procedural lesion assessment and stent diameter and length estimation in PAD patients.Level of Evidence3Technical EfficacyStage 2
Recent Advances in Radio‐Frequency Coil Technologies: Flexible, Wireless, and Integrated Coil Arrays
Authors: Darnell Dean , Truong Trong‐Kha , Song Allen W. 
Published: July 2021

Radio‐frequency (RF) coils are to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners what eyes are to the human body. Because of their critical importance, there have been constant innovations driving the rapid development of RF coil technologies. Over the past four decades, the breadth and depth of the RF coil technology evolution have far exceeded the space allowed for this review article. However, these past developments have laid the very foundation on which some of the recent technical breakthroughs are built upon. Here, we narrow our focus on some of the most recent RF coil advances, specifically, on flexible, wireless, and integrated coil arrays. To provide a detailed review, we discuss the theoretical underpinnings, experimental implementations, promising results, as well as future outlooks covering these exciting topics. These recent innovations have greatly improved patient comfort and ease of scan, while also increasing the signal‐to‐noise ratio, image resolution, temporal throughput, and diagnostic and treatment accuracy. Together with advances in other MRI subfields, they will undoubtedly continue to drive the field forward and lead us to an ever more exciting future.Level of Evidence5Technical EfficacyStage 1
Threshold‐based characteristics of apricot frost exposure at young fruit in the warm temperate zone, China
Authors: Yang Jianying , Dong Hangyu , Huo Zhiguo , Wang Peijuan , Yao Shuran , Wu Dingrong , Ma Yuping 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLate spring frost stress is one of the major environmental limiting factors for apricot in the warm zone in China. Investigation of frost exposure of apricot is of particular interest for estimating the frost risk, thus representing the potential damage for apricot production. In this study, daily minimum temperature (Tmin), disaster and phenological data of apricot from 1981 to 2020 in the warm zone were integrated to explore the temperature threshold on apricot at young fruit, facilitating the assessment of apricot frost exposure (E) under the background of climate warming. The daily Tmin was firstly extracted according to the historical disaster records, to identify the per‐ and ongoing weather conditions of the low‐temperature events. The overall accuracy and Receiver Operating Characteristics curve (ROC) were combined to identify the trigger threshold of apricot frost. 1.9°C was identified as the apricot frost trigger threshold in regional assessment, with relatively higher correct rate for disaster (90.2%) and lower incorrect rate for none‐disaster (23.4%). An area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.88 was obtained, demonstrating a good performance of Tmin as the trigger factor in discriminating between apricot frost and no frost. High frequency of days suffered from apricot and frost exposure at young fruit were mainly found in the northwestern and middle parts of the region, with frequencies of more than 2 days and E more than 3. Regional days suffered from apricot frost and E were found to have a negative trend with slope −0.0317 and −0.789, respectively, whereas the northwest and middle part of the study region were found to have an increasing trend. The results can provide technical and theoretical support for targeted apricot frost detection and risk assessment, and measures for apricot frost prevention and mitigation can be implemented according to the threshold‐based results.
Article processing charge expenditure in Chile: The current situation
Authors: Krauskopf Erwin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe National Agency of Research and Development from Chile is proposing, for the first time, a national OA policy aiming to ensure access to the scientific knowledge contained in publications resulting from research projects and graduate thesis. Since no information regarding APC expenditure in Chile is available, this study examined the cost of APC for the 2019 publications that included at least one Chilean affiliation. The total expenditure for the year 2019 was estimated at USD 9,129,939. The results confirm that almost one third of the total APC was spent on publications from Health & Medical Sciences, research area with the highest APC (USD 6000). Furthermore, five commercial publishers collected 52% of the total APC expenditure. Unfortunately, the cost of publishing in some journals is so high that it causes detrimental effects on the research capacity of under resourced individuals. In the Chilean scenario, APC is not well suited to scale as most universities do not have an OA budget to support researchers that are eager to publish their work in OA journals. Perhaps the implementation of an OA policy ought to be accompanied by sustainable APC funding grants aimed at supporting under resourced researchers that want to make their research freely available.
Prediction of the Oligomer Distribution after Degradation of (Co)Polymers with Inserted Break Points
Authors: Liausvia Fiona , Rusli Wendy , van Herk Alexander 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroduction of some weaker break points in otherwise all carbon backbone polymers produced via chain growth polymerizations can facilitate easy recycling and/or biodegradability. The break points are used to generate oligomers that then can be purified from additives and reconstituted into the circular polymers. In some cases, the oligomers can be biodegradable. For both purposes, predicting and controlling the oligomer length is of great importance. The authors look at chain growth polymerizations and compare the oligomer distributions obtained via Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations by using the more easily accessible analytical solutions (AS). Before hydrolysis, the authors talk about the sequence length distribution; after hydrolysis, the resulting oligomer length distributions are dealt with. It turns out that for the targeted small oligomers, the AS approach is a fast alternative for the time‐consuming KMC simulations. To account for termination to occur during long sequences being formed, a correction factor is successfully introduced. The correction is based on the average degree of polymerization. With the AS method it is then shown that applying optimal monomer addition profiles narrows down the width of the oligomer distributions, optimizes the use of the weak‐bond‐inserting monomers, and brings the oligomer length in the right desired range.
CRISPR/Cas9 in zebrafish: An attractive model for FBN1 genetic defects in humans
Authors: Yin Xiaoyun , Hao Jianxiu , Yao Yuanqing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundMutations in the fibrillin‐1 gene (FBN1) are associated with various heritable connective tissue disorders (HCTD). The most studied HCTD is Marfan syndrome. Ninety percent of Marfan syndrome is caused by mutations in the FBN1 gene. The zebrafish share high genetic similarity to humans, representing an ideal model for genetic research of human diseases. This study aimed to generate and characterize fbn1+/− mutant zebrafish using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene‐editing technology.MethodsCRISPR/Cas9 was applied to generate an fbn1 frameshift mutation (fbn1+/−) in zebrafish. F1 fbn1+/− heterozygotes were crossed with transgenic fluorescent zebrafish to obtain F2 fbn1+/− zebrafish. Morphological abnormalities were assessed in F2 fbn1+/− zebrafish by comparing with the Tuebingen (TU) wild‐type controls at different development stages.ResultsWe successfully generated a transgenic line of fbn1+/− zebrafish. Compared with TU wild‐type zebrafish, F2 fbn1+/− zebrafish exhibited noticeably decreased pigmentation, increased lengths, slender body shape, and abnormal cardiac blood flow from atrium to ventricle.ConclusionWe generated the first fbn1+/− zebrafish model using CRISPR/Cas9 gene‐editing approach to mimic FBN1 genetic defects in humans, providing an attractive model of Marfan syndrome and a method to determine the pathogenicity of gene mutation sites.
Who carries strategic inventory? Manufacturer or retailer
Authors: Dong Chang , Liu Qian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIt is widely accepted that the retailer's use of strategic inventory can mitigate double marginalization and improve supply chain coordination. However, the recent literature of channel coordination only considers the effects of the retailer's strategic inventory, leaving the manufacturer's incentive to hold strategic inventory mostly unexplored. In reality, there are situations where the manufacturer's inventory can be observed or inferred by the retailer and hence affects the vertical interaction. In our two‐period dynamic model, we show that the manufacturer in equilibrium may carry a positive amount of inventory, which yields a significant impact on the equilibrium decisions and the supply chain players' profits. Specifically, we find that the manufacturer's use of strategic inventory commits a lower propensity to resume production in the second period, thereby encouraging the retailer to carry more strategic inventory at a higher wholesale price in the first period. The manufacturer's use of strategic inventory always hurts the retailer's profit but may enhance channel profit, consumer surplus, and social welfare. Moreover, we show that the manufacturer can earn an even higher profit by directly committing to no replenishment in the second period, observed in industries with longer production lead time and higher production setup costs.
Tensor method for optimal control problems constrained by fractional three‐dimensional elliptic operator with variable coefficients
Authors: Schmitt Britta , Khoromskij Boris N. , Khoromskaia Venera , Schulz Volker 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe introduce the tensor numerical method for solving optimal control problems that are constrained by fractional two‐ (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) elliptic operators with variable coefficients. We solve the governing equation for the control function which includes a sum of the fractional operator and its inverse, both discretized over large 3D spacial grids. Using the diagonalization of the arising matrix‐valued functions in the eigenbasis of the one‐dimensional Sturm–Liouville operators, we construct the rank‐structured tensor approximation with controllable precision for the discretized fractional elliptic operators and the respective preconditioner. The right‐hand side in the constraining equation (the optimal design function) is supposed to be represented in a form of a low‐rank canonical tensor. Then the equation for the control function is solved in a tensor structured format by using preconditioned CG iteration with the adaptive rank truncation procedure that also ensures the accuracy of calculations, given an ‐threshold. This method reduces the numerical cost for solving the control problem to (plus the quadratic term with a small weight), which outperforms traditional approaches with complexity in the 3D case. The storage for the representation of all 3D nonlocal operators and functions involved is also estimated by . This essentially outperforms the traditional methods operating with fully populated matrices and vectors in . Numerical tests for 2D/3D control problems indicate the almost linear complexity scaling of the rank truncated preconditioned conjugate gradient iteration in the univariate grid sizen.
A hybrid static–dynamic continuum approach for concurrent atomistic‐to‐continuum methods
Authors: Wurm Patrick , Ulz Manfred H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractConcurrent atomistic‐to‐continuum methods commonly employ either a dynamic or a quasi‐static continuum model. Both of these approaches have advantages and drawbacks which render their applicability problem‐specific. We present a new hybrid static–dynamic continuum model, which combines the advantages of both approaches while potentially removing the drawbacks. This numerical approach is an innovative superposition of a dynamic and a quasi‐static subproblem and, thus, is limited to linear elastic continua. We apply the approach to a prototypical representative of the concurrent atomistic‐to‐continuum methods and namely, the coupled atomistic and discrete dislocation method. We present three numerical examples to compare the performance of the dynamic, quasi‐static and hybrid continuum model.
Variationally consistent computational homogenization of chemomechanical problems with stabilized weakly periodic boundary conditions
Authors: Kaessmair Stefan , Runesson Kenneth , Steinmann Paul , Jänicke Ralf , Larsson Fredrik 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA variationally consistent model‐based computational homogenization approach for transient chemomechanically coupled problems is developed based on the classical assumption of first‐order prolongation of the displacement, chemical potential, and (ion) concentration fields within a representative volume element (RVE). The presence of the chemical potential and the concentration as primary global fields represents a mixed formulation, which has definite advantages. Nonstandard diffusion, governed by a Cahn–Hilliard type of gradient model, is considered under the restriction of miscibility. Weakly periodic boundary conditions on the pertinent fields provide the general variational setting for the uniquely solvable RVE‐problem(s). These boundary conditions are introduced with a novel approach in order to control the stability of the boundary discretization, thereby circumventing the need to satisfy the LBB‐condition: the penalty stabilized Lagrange multiplier formulation, which enforces stability at the cost of an additional Lagrange multiplier for each weakly periodic field (three fields for the current problem). In particular, a neat result is that the classical Neumann boundary condition is obtained when the penalty becomes very large. In the numerical examples, we investigate the following characteristics: the mesh convergence for different boundary approximations, the sensitivity for the choice of penalty parameter, and the influence of RVE‐size on the macroscopic response.
Factors influencing quality of life among childhood cancer survivors in Korea: A quantile regression approach
Authors: Hong Hye Chong , Kim Young Man , Min Ari 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCancer treatment in childhood may negatively affect survivors' quality of life. In this study, we aimed to determine the contributing factors for health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) in survivors of childhood cancer in Korea using quantile regression analysis. This study was a secondary analysis. Data were collected from 130 childhood cancer survivors (CCS) from November 2018 to July 2019. Participants completed the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Health‐Promoting Lifestyle Profile‐II, and 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey (physical component summary [PCS] and mental component summary [MCS]). Quantile and multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the factors contributing to HRQOL. The quantile and linear regression models revealed different results on the contributing factors to HRQOL in CCS. Mean PCS and MCS scores were 78.55 (SD = 15.08) and 64.02 (SD = 18.00), respectively. Symptoms (e.g., difficulty concentrating, worrying, pain, and lack of energy), physical activity, spiritual growth, interpersonal relationships, stress management, depression, and anxiety were significant influencing factors in some PCS quantiles, while symptoms, spiritual growth, interpersonal relationships, depression, and stress were significant influencing factors in some MCS quantiles. The findings of this study showed specific contributing factors in CCS with different levels of HRQOL. There is a need for targeted interventions related to risk reduction and stratification for CCS with different HRQOL levels. Symptom management strategies, early detection programs for CCS with psychological distress, and clinical and counseling interventions for CCS with poor HRQOL need to be developed.
Metal‐organic frameworks derived ZnO@MOF@PZS flame retardant for reducing fire hazards of polyurea nanocomposites
Authors: Wang Rongzhen , Chen Yan , Liu Yanyan , Ma Mingliang , Tong Zhouyu , Chen Xilei , Bi Yuxin , Huang Weibo , Liao Zijian , Chen Shuailiang , Zhang Xinyi , Li Qianqian 
Published: July 2021

Transition metal as flame retardant has attracted intense interests in recent years. In this work, ZnO@MOF@PZS was prepared via hydrothermal and polycondensation methods. ZnO nanoflowers played the role as a template for growth of MOF@PZS and zinc source for formation of MOF. Subsequently, the obtained ZnO@MOF@PZS was mixed into polyurea (PUA) to investigate its flame retardancy and toxicity suppression properties. The cone calorimeter test (CCT) showed that ZnO@MOF@PZS significantly improved the flame retardancy of PUA composites. The addition of 3 wt% ZnO@MOF@PZS into PUA could result in peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR) and total CO production (TCO) of 28.30%, 19.59% and 36.65%, respectively. The result of universal testing machine showed that ZnO@MOF@PZS‐add PUA had better mechanical properties. It is notable that the improved flame retardant properties for PUA composites are mainly attributed to ZnO@MOF@PZS promoting the formation of dense char residue.
A multi‐ethnic analysis of immune‐related gene expression signatures in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Heong Valerie , Tan Tuan Z , Miwa Maiko , Ye Jieru , Lim Diana , Herrington C Simon , Iida Yasushi , Yano Mitsutake , Yasuda Masanori , Ngoi Natalie YL , Wong SB Justin , Okamoto Aikou , Gourley Charlie , Hasegawa Kosei , Tan David SP , Huang Ruby YJ 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLittle is known about the immune environment of ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) and its impact on various ethnic backgrounds. The aim of this OCCC immune‐related gene expression signatures (irGES) study was to address the interaction between tumour and immune environment of ethnically‐diverse Asian and Caucasian populations and to identify relevant molecular subsets of biological and clinical importance. Our study included 264 women from three different countries (Singapore, Japan, and the UK) and identified four novel immune subtypes (PD1‐high, CTLA4‐high, antigen‐presentation, and pro‐angiogenic subtype) with differentially expressed pathways, and gene ontologies using the NanoString nCounter PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel. The PD1‐high and CTLA4‐high subtypes demonstrated significantly higher PD1, PDL1, and CTLA4 expression, and were associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression, assessed by immunohistochemistry, revealed that about 5% of OCCCs had deficient MMR expression. The prevalence was similar across the three countries and appeared to cluster in the CTLA4‐high subtype. Our results suggest that OCCC from women of Asian and Caucasian descent shares significant clinical and molecular similarities. To our knowledge, our study is the first study to include both Asian and Caucasian women with OCCC and helps to shine light on the impact of ethnic differences on the immune microenvironment of OCCC. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
The effect of health literacy on patient’s perceived shared decision‐making among Chinese cancer patients
Authors: Xiao Lin , Miao Jingxia , Peng Meifang , Jiang Haihua , Liu Suting , Liu Yawei , Zhang Lili 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the relationship between patient’s health literacy and perceived shared decision‐making (SDM) among Chinese cancer patients.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted involving a convenience sample of 458 cancer patients from four public hospitals in Guangzhou, China. Patients’ self‐reported data were collected using the Health Literacy Management Scale (HeLMS) and the nine‐item Shared Decision‐Making Questionnaire (SDM‐Q‐9). Hierarchical multiple regressions, controlling for patient–doctor relationship, social support, sociodemographic and clinical variables were conducted to explore the effect of health literacy on perceived SDM.ResultsHealth literacy itself accounted for 68.0% of the variance in perceived SDM. Higher scores in domains “information acquisition ability,” and “communication interaction ability” of HeLMS were significantly associated with a higher level of perceived SDM after controlling the covariates (R2 = 75.7%).ConclusionsHealth literacy, especially the information acquisition ability and communication interaction ability, played a prominent role for Chinese cancer patients to be involved in treatment decision making.