bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flare‐up of generalized pustular psoriasis combined with systemic capillary leak syndrome after coronavirus disease 2019 mRNA vaccination
Authors: Yatsuzuka Kazuki , Murakami Masamoto , Kuroo Yuta , Fukui Maiko , Yoshida Satoshi , Muto Jun , Shiraishi Ken , Sayama Koji 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGeneralized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is characterized by acute flare‐ups induced by various factors, but few reports have described GPP onset or flare‐up induced by vaccination. To our knowledge, only three such cases following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccination have been reported. We herein report a case of GPP flare‐up after COVID‐19 mRNA vaccination. A 65‐year‐old man with GPP controlled by infliximab presented with widespread pustular erythema, fever, and malaise following his second COVID‐19 mRNA vaccination. A skin eruption was apparent at the injection site. He also exhibited systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS), which responded rapidly to secukinumab and systemic corticosteroids. Two biopsies, one of which was of the injection site, revealed not only findings typical of GPP, but also a dermal mixed‐cell infiltration with eosinophils, and microthrombi in the small dermal vessels. The latter findings have been observed in cutaneous lesions induced by both COVID‐19 infection and vaccination. This is the first case of a GPP flare‐up accompanied by SCLS induced by a COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine. Also, this is the first flare‐up induced by the second vaccine dose, and the first such report including detailed histological data, including for the injection site.
The contributions of individual traits to survival among terrestrial juvenile pond‐breeding salamanders
Authors: Messerman Arianne F. , Leal Manuel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIndividual survival is influenced by interactions between local environmental conditions and an organism's morphological, behavioural and physiological traits. Studies examining the effects of individual phenotypes on survival under variable conditions are relatively rare among early transitional life stages, although the vital rates of these life stages can importantly influence population dynamics.We experimentally examined the effects of initial body mass, movement, standard metabolic rate (SMR) and respiratory surface area water loss (RSAWL) on survival in the transitional juvenile life stage of two biphasic amphibian species (Ambystoma maculatumandA. opacum) in a 7‐month mark–recapture study under semi‐natural conditions.Juveniles with a larger initial body mass, lower initial SMR and/or a lower tendency to change locations had a higher likelihood of known survival. In contrast, we found no significant effect of RSAWL on juvenile survival.The relationships between individual phenotypes and survival did not differ between species, but equivalent species‐specific survival rates may have been attributed to larger initial body sizes inA. maculatumand lower SMR inA. opacum.Our results illuminate the complex ways in which individual traits influence survival during the early transitional life stage of two ambystomatid species under varying abiotic conditions. More generally, our findings illustrate potential advantages of simultaneously examining multiple traits to evaluate survival.A freePlain Language Summarycan be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Histone acetyltransferases MystA and MystB contribute to morphogenesis and aflatoxin biosynthesis by regulating acetylation in fungus Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Chen Xuan , Wu Lianghuan , Lan Huahui , Sun Ruilin , Wen Meifang , Ruan Danrui , Zhang Mengjuan , Wang Shihua 
Published: December 2021

SummaryMyst family is highly conserved histone acetyltransferases in eukaryotic cells and is known to play crucial roles in various cellular processes; however, acetylation catalysed by acetyltransferases is unclear in filamentous fungi. Here, we identified two classical nonessential Myst enzymes and analysed their functions in Aspergillus flavus, which generates aflatoxin B1, one of the most carcinogenic secondary metabolites. MystA and MystB located in nuclei and cytoplasm, and mystA could acetylate H4K16ac, while mystB acetylates H3K14ac, H3K18ac and H3K23ac. Deletion mystA resulted in decreased conidiation, increased sclerotia formation and aflatoxin production. Deletion of mystB leads to significant defects in conidiation, sclerotia formation and aflatoxin production. Additionally, double‐knockout mutant (ΔmystA/mystB) display a stronger and similar defect to ΔmystB mutant, indicating that mystB plays a major role in regulating development and aflatoxin production. Both mystA and mystB play important role in crop colonization. Moreover, catalytic domain MOZ and the catalytic site E199/E243 were important for the acetyltransferase function of Myst. Notably, chromatin immunoprecipitation results indicated that mystB participated in oxidative detoxification by regulating the acetylation level of H3K14, and further regulated nsdD to affect sclerotia formation and aflatoxin production. This study provides new evidences to discover the biological functions of histone acetyltransferase in A. flavus.
Benchmarking cesarean delivery rates using machine learning‐derived optimal classification trees
Authors: Gimovsky Alexis C. , Zhuo Daisy , Levine Jordan T. , Dunn Jack , Amarm Maxime , Peaceman Alan M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo establish a case‐adjusted hospital‐specific performance evaluation tool using machine learning methodology for cesarean delivery.Data SourcesSecondary data were collected from patients between January 1, 2015 and February 28, 2018 using a hospital's “Electronic Data Warehouse” database from Illinois, USA.Study DesignThe machine learning methodology of optimal classification trees (OCTs) was used to predict cesarean delivery rate by physician group, thereby establishing the case‐adjusted benchmarking standards in comparison to the overall hospital cesarean delivery rate. Outcomes of specific patient populations of each participating practice were predicted, as if each were treated in the overall hospital environment. The resulting OCTs estimate physician group expected cesarean delivery outcomes, both aggregate and in specific clinical situations.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsTwelve thousand eight hunderd and forty one singleton, vertex, term deliveries, cared for by practices with ≥50 births.Principal FindingsThe overall rate of cesarean delivery was 18.6% (n = 2384), with a range of 13.3%–33.7% amongst 22 physician practices. An optimal decision tree was used to create a prediction model for the hospital overall, which defined 23 patient cohorts divided by 46 nodes. The model's performance for prediction of cesarean delivery is as follows: area under the curve 0.73, sensitivity 98.4%, specificity 16.1%, positive predictive value 83.7%, negative predictive value 70.6%. Comparisons with the overall hospital's specific‐case adjusted benchmark groups revealed that several groups outperformed the overall hospital benchmark, and some practice groups underperformed in comparison to the overall hospital benchmark.ConclusionsOCT benchmarking can assess physician practice‐specific case‐adjusted performance, both overall and clinical situation‐specific, and can serve as a valuable tool for hospital self‐assessment and quality improvement.
Clinical significance of a novel reticulocyte‐based erythropoietin resistance index in HD patients: A retrospective study
Authors: Ueda Eiko , Fujikawa Tetsuya , Toya Yoshiyuki , Kuji Tadashi , Kakimoto‐Shino Midori , Kawai Yuki , Kawano Tomoyuki , Azushima Kengo , Wakui Hiromichi , Tamura Kouichi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe erythropoietin resistance index (ERI) is an indicator of erythropoiesis‐stimulating agent (ESA) responsiveness and is typically calculated using Hb. However, Hb does not directly reflect ESA‐induced erythropoiesis because of its long‐term nature. We thus designed a novel ERI calculated with reticulocyte Hb (RetHb), a real‐time index, and investigated its association with mortality in HD patients.MethodsWe calculated the ERI using the change in RetHb before and after ESA administration (ERIΔRetHb) and retrospectively analyzed its association with 3‐year all‐cause mortality using Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox regression analyses.ResultsA total of 102 patients were included. Patients with the highest ERIΔRetHb had the worst prognosis according to the Kaplan–Meier survival curves (Log‐rank p = 0.02). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the ERIΔRetHb was significantly and independently associated with all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio: 9.82, 95% CI [1.50, 64.41], p = 0.02).ConclusionThe ERIΔRetHb was significantly and independently associated with all‐cause mortality in HD patients.
DiversityScanner: Robotic handling of small invertebrates with machine learning methods
Authors: Wührl Lorenz , Pylatiuk Christian , Giersch Matthias , Lapp Florian , von Rintelen Thomas , Balke Michael , Schmidt Stefan , Cerretti Pierfilippo , Meier Rudolf 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInvertebrate biodiversity remains poorly understood although it comprises much of the terrestrial animal biomass, most species and supplies many ecosystem services. The main obstacle is specimen‐rich samples obtained with quantitative sampling techniques (e.g., Malaise trapping). Traditional sorting requires manual handling, while molecular techniques based on metabarcoding lose the association between individual specimens and sequences and thus struggle with obtaining precise abundance information. Here we present a sorting robot that prepares specimens from bulk samples for barcoding. It detects, images and measures individual specimens from a sample and then moves them into the wells of a 96‐well microplate. We show that the images can be used to train convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that are capable of assigning the specimens to 14 insect taxa (usually families) that are particularly common in Malaise trap samples. The average assignment precision for all taxa is 91.4% (75%–100%). This ability of the robot to identify common taxa then allows for taxon‐specific subsampling, because the robot can be instructed to only pick a prespecified number of specimens for abundant taxa. To obtain biomass information, the images are also used to measure specimen length and estimate body volume. We outline how the DiversityScanner can be a key component for tackling and monitoring invertebrate diversity by combining molecular and morphological tools: the images generated by the robot become training images for machine learning once they are labelled with taxonomic information from DNA barcodes. We suggest that a combination of automation, machine learning and DNA barcoding has the potential to tackle invertebrate diversity at an unprecedented scale.
Correlation between clinicopathological characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma and the risk of venous thromboembolism
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Shi Zhongyue , Yi Jiawen , Zhao Jin , Zhang Shu , Feng Wei , Zhu Min , Hu Bin , Zhang Yuhui 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients with primary lung adenocarcinoma are at increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, lung adenocarcinoma characteristics differ across histological subtypes. Therefore, we performed comprehensive analyses on the clinicopathological characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma and risk of VTE.MethodsA total of 952 surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma cases were reviewed and classified according to criteria of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC)/American Thoracic Society (ATS) /European Respiratory Society (ERS). The correlation between this classification and VTE risk was retrospectively analyzed. The risks of other clinicopathological features including pleural invasion, vascular invasion and associated surgical intervention risks were also assessed.ResultsOf the 952 patients, 100 (10.4%) cases experienced VTE events during the follow‐up period. Among those with VTE, 28 (28%) were found before surgery, 47 (47%) were found within 1 month after surgery, and 91 (91%) were found in hospital. Univariate analysis revealed that ages, extent of resection and presence of micropapillary features were predictive of VTE risk. Furthermore, multivariable analysis demonstrated that the presence of micropapillary features (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR] 1.560, 95% CI: 1.043–2.330) and age >60 (SHR: 2.270, 95% CI:1.491–3.470) were associated with increased risk of VTE. After one year, the probability of developing VTE was 13.1% and 8.3% in patients with micropapillary features and those without, respectively.ConclusionsVTE is a common complication for lung adenocarcinoma patients who undergo surgery, especially during the perioperative process and hospitalization. Presence of micropapillary subtype and age are positively associated with VTE risk.
Health‐related quality of life is dynamic in alcoholic hepatitis and responds to improvement in liver disease and reduced alcohol consumption
Authors: Madathanapalli Abhishek , Tang Qing , Lammert Craig , Samala Niharika , Shah Vijay H. , Sanyal Arun , Chalasani Naga , Desai Archita P. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of alcoholic hepatitis (AH) on health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) remains inadequately described. We aimed to characterize HRQOL in AH and heavy drinkers (HD), and its associations with clinical variables and outcomes.MethodsThis is a post hoc analysis of participants in the Translational Research and Evolving Alcoholic Hepatitis Treatment 001 study (NCT02172898). HRQOL was measured using Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36). Mean SF‐36 scores were compared in AH and HD with two‐sample t‐tests. Associations among clinical characteristics, 30‐day mortality, and SF‐36 mental and physical component scores (MC, PC) were investigated with generalized linear and logistic multivariate regression models. Trends of MC and PC scores were analyzed using one‐way ANOVA.ResultsParticipants with AH (n = 258) and HD (n = 181) were similar demographically. AH cases had a mean Model for End‐stage Liver Disease (MELD) score of 23 (7). AH cases had lower PC scores [37 (10) vs. 48 (11), p < 0.001] but higher MC scores [37 (13) vs. 32 (13), p < 0.001]. MC scores were independently associated with age, male gender, and daily alcohol consumption; PC scores were independently associated with age, BMI, alanine aminotransferase concentration, alkaline phosphatase concentration, white blood cell counts, and the presence of ascites. With each 5‐point decrease in the baseline PC score, the adjusted odds of dying within 30 days increased by 26.7% (95% CI 1% to 46%). Over time, HRQOL in AH improved (day 0 to day 180 delta PC score: 4.5 ± 1.7, p = 0.008; delta MC score: 9.8 ± 2.0, p < 0.001). Participants with a MELD score <15 by day 180 had greater increases in PC scores than those with MELD score ≥15 (delta PC score 7.1 ± 1.8 vs. −0.7 ± 2.3, p = 0.009), while those abstinent by day 180 had greater increases in MC scores than those who were not abstinent (delta MC score 9.1 ± 1.8 vs. 2.8 ± 2.4, p = 0.044).ConclusionsHRQOL is poor in AH and HD in a domain‐specific pattern. Independent of MELD score, lower baseline HRQOL is associated with higher 30‐day mortality. Over time, HRQOL improves with greater gains seen in individuals with improved MELD scores and those who were abstinent.
Astrogliosis and compensatory neurogenesis after the first ethanol binge drinking‐like exposure in the adolescent rat
Authors: Vilpoux Catherine , Fouquet Gregory , Deschamps Chloe , Lefebvre Elise , Gosset Philippe , Antol Johann , Zabijak Luciane , Marcq Ingrid , Naassila Mickael , Pierrefiche Olivier 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundMultiple ethanol binge drinking‐like exposures during adolescence in the rat induce neuroinflammation, loss of neurogenesis, and cognitive deficits in adulthood. Interestingly, the first ethanol binge drinking‐like exposure during adolescence also induces short‐ term impairments in cognition and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus though the cellular mechanisms of these effects are unclear. Here, we sought to determine which of the cellular effects of ethanol might play a role in the disturbances in cognition and synaptic plasticity observed in the adolescent male rat after two binge‐like ethanol exposures.MethodsUsing immunochemistry, we measured neurogenesis, neuronal loss, astrogliosis, neuroinflammation, and synaptogenesis in the hippocampus of adolescent rats 48 h after two binge‐like ethanol exposures (3 g/kg, i.p., 9 h apart). We used flow cytometry to analyze activated microglia and identify the TLR4‐expressing cell types.ResultsWe detected increased hippocampal doublecortin immunoreactivity in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus (DG), astrogliosis in the SGZ, and a reduced number of mature neurons in the DG and in CA3, suggesting compensatory neurogenesis. Synaptic density decreased in the stratum oriens of CA1 revealing structural plasticity. There was no change in microglial TLR4 expression or in the number of activated microglia, suggesting a lack of neuroinflammatory processes, although neuronal TLR4 was decreased in CA1 and DG.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that the cognitive deficits associated with hippocampal synaptic plasticity alterations that we previously characterized 48 h after the first binge‐like ethanol exposures are associated with hippocampal structural plasticity, astrogliosis, and decreased neuronal TLR4 expression, but not with microglia reactivity.
Is the extractive industries standard still fit for purpose?
Authors: Cortese Corinne , Moerman Lee , Chang Millicent 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe application of AASB 6 by extractive industries firms is examined to determine the issues and challenges faced by financial statement preparers when applying the standard. The results show that while the area‐of‐interest method is extensively chosen to account for exploration and evaluation costs, there was lack of consistency in its description. Interviews revealed that while preparers reported flexibility in the application of AASB 6, they sought more guidance to reduce reliance on external publications. The findings show that while preparers supported the retention of AASB 6, more guidance on its application was needed, especially in its interaction with new accounting standards and regulations.
A survey study of endometrial receptivity tests and immunological treatments in in vitro fertilisation (IVF)
Authors: Kieu Violet , Lantsberg Daniel , Mizrachi Yossi , Stern Catharyn , Polyakov Alex , Teh Wan Tinn 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundSuboptimal endometrial receptivity is a key factor behind in vitro fertilisation (IVF) implantation failure. Direct clinical tests of the endometrium of natural killer (NK) cells and endometrial receptivity analysis (ERA) are controversial.AimsTo examine the current practice of endometrial receptivity tests (NK cells and ERA) and immunological treatments (corticosteroids, anticoagulants, antiplatelets, intravenous immunoglobulin, Intralipid, other) among fertility specialists in Australia and New Zealand.MethodsA prospective 23‐item web‐based survey was distributed by email via the Fertility Society of Australia and New Zealand, between August and October 2020. Data were collected and analysed using Qualtrics.ResultsOf 238 fertility specialists, 90 completed the survey (response rate 37.8%). ERA (48/90, 53.3%) was most commonly ordered, followed by uterine NK (uNK) (36/90, 40.0%) and peripheral blood NK (pNK) (12/90, 13.3%). For all tests, the most common indication was recurrent implantation failure (RIF) (41/48, 22/36, 6/12; 85.4%, 61.1%, and 50.0%, respectively for ERA, uNK and pNK). Of those that did not offer these tests, the main reason cited was insufficient evidence (30/42, 47/54, 68/78; 71.4%, 87.0%, and 87.0%). A third of specialists offered empirical immunological treatment for RIF (30/90, 33.3%): anticoagulants (28/30, 93.3%), antiplatelets (27/30, 90.0%), and corticosteroids (25/30; 83.3%). The majority of specialists (56/90, 62.2%) stated they had refused a patient request for endometrial testing or treatment.ConclusionsTests for presumed endometrial receptivity pathology are often used in Australia and New Zealand. Immunological treatments for RIF are commonly employed empirically, without strong evidence of their effectiveness or safety. Further studies should focus on education and clinical adherence to evidence‐based guidelines.
Risk factors for systemic reactions in typical cold urticaria: Results from the COLD‐CE study
Authors: Bizjak Mojca , Košnik Mitja , Dinevski Dejan , Thomsen Simon Francis , Fomina Daria , Borzova Elena , Kulthanan Kanokvalai , Meshkova Raisa , Ahsan Dalia Melina , Al‐Ahmad Mona , Altrichter Sabine , Bauer Andrea , Brockstädt Maxi , Costa Célia , Demir Semra , Fachini Criado Roberta , Ensina Luis Felipe , Gelincik Asli , Giménez‐Arnau Ana Maria , Gonçalo Margarida , Gotua Maia , Holm Jesper Grønlund , Inomata Naoko , Kasperska‐Zajac Alicja , Khoshkhui Maryam , Klyucharova Aliya , Kocatürk Emek , Lu Rongbiao , Makris Michael , Maltseva Natalya , Miljković Jovan , Pasali Maria , Paulino Marisa , Pesqué David , Peter Jonny , Ramón German Dario , Ritchie Carla , Rodrigues Valle Solange Oliveira , Rudenko Michael , Sikora Agnieszka , de Souza Lima Eduardo M. , Wagner Nicola , Xepapadaki Paraskevi , Xue Xiaoyang , Zhao Zuotao , Terhorst‐Molawi Dorothea , Maurer Marcus 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundCold urticaria (ColdU), that is, the occurrence of wheals or angioedema in response to cold exposure, is classified into typical and atypical forms. The diagnosis of typical ColdU relies on whealing in response to local cold stimulation testing (CST). It can also manifest with cold‐induced anaphylaxis (ColdA). We aimed to determine risk factors for ColdA in typical ColdU.MethodsAn international, cross‐sectional study COLD‐CE was carried out at 32 urticaria centers of reference and excellence (UCAREs). Detailed history was taken and CST with an ice cube and/or TempTest® performed. ColdA was defined as an acute cold‐induced involvement of the skin and/or visible mucosal tissue and at least one of: cardiovascular manifestations, difficulty breathing, or gastrointestinal symptoms.ResultsOf 551 ColdU patients, 75% (n = 412) had a positive CST and ColdA occurred in 37% (n = 151) of the latter. Cold‐induced generalized wheals, angioedema, acral swelling, oropharyngeal/laryngeal symptoms, and itch of earlobes were identified as signs/symptoms of severe disease. ColdA was most commonly provoked by complete cold water immersion and ColdA caused by cold air was more common in countries with a warmer climate. Ten percent (n = 40) of typical ColdU patients had a concomitant chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). They had a lower frequency of ColdA than those without CSU (4% vs. 39%, p = .003). We identified the following risk factors for cardiovascular manifestations: previous systemic reaction to a Hymenoptera sting, angioedema, oropharyngeal/laryngeal symptoms, and itchy earlobes.ConclusionColdA is common in typical ColdU. High‐risk patients require education about their condition and how to use an adrenaline autoinjector.