bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Safety and Efficacy of Mitomycin-C (0.08 mg) and Bevacizumab (7.5 mg) in Cases of External Dacryocystorhinostomy
Authors: Sahu Sumit Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of mitomycin-C (MMC) (0.08 mg) and bevacizumab (7.5 mg) in external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) and compare their outcomes.

Methods:
This was a prospective, randomized, comparative study in which a total of 20 patients were enrolled, 10 patients in Group A (MMC-assisted DCR) and 10 patients in Group B (bevacizumab-assisted DCR). All the patients were operated by a single surgeon. After fashioning of the nasal mucosal flap, in Group A, circumostial intramucosal injection of 0.02% MMC (0.08 mg in 0.4 mL) was injected equally at 4 points along the freshly created edges of the ostium and similarly, in Group B, circumostial intramucosal injection of bevacizumab (7.5 mg in 0.3 mL) was injected equally at 4 points along the freshly created edges of the ostium. All the patients underwent regular 6 month follow-up. The outcome measures analyzed were anatomical and functional success.

Results:
Functional and anatomical success of both groups was 100%.

Conclusion:
DCR with bevacizumab is as efficacious as DCR with MMC in patients with chronic dacryocystitis and failed DCR cases.
Prognostic accuracy of lactate and procalcitonin in addition to national early warning score in patients with suspected sepsis – A cross-sectional study in a tertiary care center
Authors: Das Nilanjana , Bairwa Mukesh , Kant Ravi , Goyal Bela , Bahurup Yogesh 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Sepsis, a major global health concern, leads to millions of deaths annually, hence the need for early and reliable prognostic tools to assess patient risk and guide clinical decision making becomes crucial. This cross-sectional study evaluated the prognostic accuracy of integrating blood lactate and serum procalcitonin (PCT) levels with the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) for predicting mortality in sepsis patients. The objective was to assess whether this lactate and procalcitonin integrated with NEWS score (LP NEWS) could serve as a more effective early prognostic tool compared to established severity scores.

Methods:
Spanning 12 months, the study enrolled adult patients meeting the criteria of sepsis in the ICU and medicine ward of a tertiary care hospital in North India. Data collection included demographics, clinical characteristics, and blood samples for lactate and PCT at admission. NEWS, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), and LP-NEWS scores were calculated with treatment administered per Surviving Sepsis-3 guidelines.

Results:
The research included 200 participants, uncovering significant correlations between blood lactate, PCT levels, and mortality. Survivors had a mean lactate of 2.12 ± 0.70 and PCT of 11.27 ± 11.75, while nonsurvivors had 3.30 ± 1.17 and 30 ± 18.48, respectively (P < 0.001). LP-NEWS significantly differentiated survivors from nonsurvivors (8.23 ± 2.02 vs. 14.12 ± 2.23), with a cutoff of 11 showing 96.9% sensitivity and 88.5% specificity for predicting mortality. LP-NEWS had the highest odds ratio = 3.12, P < 0.001, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value (0.966), outperforming APACHE II and SOFA scores.

Conclusion:
The LP-NEWS score which integrates blood lactate and serum PCT levels could serve as an effective standalone bedside score, particularly in the initial risk stratification of sepsis.
Predicting corneal decompensation in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy with Scheimpflug tomography and clinical parameters
Authors: Yesilirmak Nilufer , Souédan Vaël , Pison Aurélie , Bourges Jean Louis 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of various tomographic indices, both established and novel, in predicting endothelial decompensation leading to either spontaneous corneal transplantation or transplantation following cataract surgery in patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD).

Methods:
In this cross-sectional, retrospective study, we reviewed the files of 93 eyes from 54 FECD patients undergoing regular follow-up. We recorded clinical metrics such as morning visual disturbance (MVD) and corrected distance visual acuity. In addition, we extracted topographic measurements including central corneal thickness (CCT); corneal volumes (CVs) within 3, 5, and 7 mm diameters (CV3, CV5, CV7); corneal central-to-peripheral volume ratios (CPVRs) for 3/5 mm (CPVR-3/5) and 3/7 mm (CPVR-3/7); peripheral volume index; thinnest point; corneal thickness spatial profile at 2, 4, 6, and 8 mm (CTSP2, CTSP4, CTSP6, CTSP8); corneal central-to-peripheral thickness ratio at 4 mm (CPTR4); and percentage of thickness increase at 2, 4, and 6 mm (PTI2, PTI4, PTI6), loss of regular isopachs (LRI), displacement of the thinnest point (DTP), and focal posterior surface depression (FPSD).

Results:
Receiver operating characteristic curves revealed a CCT area under the curve (AUC) of 0.732, with an optimal threshold of 596.5 µm yielding 79.7% sensitivity and 63.6% specificity. CTSP4 demonstrated an AUC of 0.706 with a 616.5-µm threshold (77.4% sensitivity, 60.6% specificity), and CPTR4 showed an AUC of 0.588 with a 0.963 threshold (62.3% sensitivity, 60.6% specificity). Notably, MVD presented a statistically significant odds ratio of 4.63 (95% confidence interval = 1.76–12.86). In univariate analyses, LRI, DTP, and FPSD were risk factors for progression, whereas in multivariate analyses, LRI was an independent risk factor for progression.

Conclusion:
The findings suggest that MVD and LRI serve as most significant predictive markers, while CCT, CTSP4, and CPTR4 were average predictive markers for FECD progression, underscoring their potential in guiding clinical decisions and interventions.
Effort–Reward Imbalance and Its Association with Musculoskeletal Pain among Information Technology Professionals
Authors: Raju Aruna , Nithiya Devi R. , Tipandjan Arun 
Published: December 2024

Context:
Psychosocial factors at the workplace play a significant role in the development of work stress and are associated with cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and musculoskeletal disorders. Imbalance due to high effort and low reward at the workplace among information technology (IT) professionals can lead to work stress.

Aim:
To assess the effort–reward imbalance (ERI) among IT professionals and its association with musculoskeletal pain.

Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 IT professionals to assess their work-related stress and musculoskeletal pain.

Methods and Material:
A short version of the ERI questionnaire and Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire was used. Along with the ERI questionnaire, the details on sociodemographic profile, chronic diseases, and substance abuses were ascertained.

Result:
Among the study population, the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in any part of the body was 77% in the past one year. Effort–reward imbalance was present in 72% of the study population, and linear regression showed a significant correlation between the effort–reward component with the severity of musculoskeletal score (r = 0.725 P < 0.001). Odds ratio of ERI for musculoskeletal pain was 3.2, 95% CI (2.1-4.7), P < 0.01.

Conclusions:
Psychosocial factors at work assessed through ERI appeared to be an important component in the development of musculoskeletal pain among IT professionals.
Health Implications of Beedi Rolling: Evaluating Morbidity, DNA Damage, and Hematological Profile
Authors: Beerappa Ravichandran , Mathew Geethu , Kiran B.A. , Gaikwad Avinash S. , Kondhalkar Shridhar 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Beedi rolling is a labor-intensive occupation that can cause a variety of health problems due to prolonged exposure to tobacco dust. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess morbidity, hematological profile, and DNA damage among beedi rollers in Karnataka.

Methods:
A total of 153 participants, including 85 beedi and 65 non-beedi rollers, were enrolled in the study. Morbidity status and hematological parameters were determined through a structured questionnaire and autoanalyzer, respectively. DNA damage was quantified by measuring micronuclei frequency from buccal mucosal cells.

Results:
The majority of beedi rollers were women from low socioeconomic background. Nearly half of them work in an environment with poor lighting and one-third in rooms with inadequate ventilation. The most commonly reported morbidities included musculoskeletal symptoms, followed by ophthalmic and respiratory symptoms. When compared to non-beedi rollers, the beedi roller group exhibited significantly lower mean hemoglobin levels, red blood cell count, monocyte count, and packed cell volume. Beedi rollers were observed to have higher frequency of micronuclei, indicating increased DNA damage, compared to non-beedi rollers (P = 0.016).

Conclusion:
The elevated micronuclei frequency observed among beedi rollers underscores the importance of continued research to identify and address specific occupational hazards contributing to genetic damage in this population.
Relationship Between Subjectively Assessed Physical Activity (GPAQ) and Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) of Aging Employees in JIPMER, Puducherry: A Cross-Sectional Analytical Study
Authors: Baberwal Kiran , Krishnasamy Vembu 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Physical activity appears to be one of the most important strategies for preventing physical and mental disorders. Regular physical activity (PA) may prolong life and appears to be a preventative measure against genetic and molecular aging.

Aim:
To find the relationship between aging adults’ quality of life (QOL) and PA.

Settings and Design:
This cross-sectional analytical study included administrative staff members of Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry.

Materials and Methods:
QOL and PA were monitored and assessed using questionnaires (Global Physical Activity Questionnaire [GPAQ] and World Health Organization QOL Brief Version [WHOQOL-BREF]). Statistical analysis was performed with STATA version 14. For continuous variables, descriptive statistics were presented as means and standard deviations (SDs), while categorical variables were given as percentages. The analysis of multivariate linear regression was performed. P < 0.05 was used as the significance level.

Results:
A total of 66 subjects were examined, and their mean age was 54.93 (SD 3.26) years. The findings indicated that there were no less-active participants, and that people over the age of 50 were more likely to engage in moderate or vigorous PA. The WHOQOL-BREF findings revealed that people had higher QOL. There was no significant link between WHOQOL-BREF dimensions and GPAQ when the effect of PA patterns on QOL was examined using multivariate linear regression analysis, which was adjusted for covariates such as body mass index and waist circumference.

Conclusion:
The amount of physical activity among aging population may differ in different dimensions of QOL.
Application of Geographic Information System and Google Earth Engine for Spatial Analysis of Land Use by the Legacy Dumpsite at Raipur, Chhattisgarh: A Time Series Analysis
Authors: Sharma Hunny , Ruikar Manisha , Shukla Arvind 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Legacy dump sites pose health and environmental risks. Challenges such as difficulty in monitoring and the impact of policy changes towards remediation efforts remain enigmatic due to complexities.

Objectives:
Hence this study aimed to use Geographic Information System (GIS) and Google Earth historical imagery to monitor changes in legacy dump site located at Sarona in Raipur and to assess the impact of waste management strategies being implemented currently.

Methods:
A series of historical images were retrieved using Google Earth Pro 2022 (at eye level of 707 meters) from 2007 to 2021. A polygon was plotted using Google Earth, and area of plotted polygon was estimated using QGIS by projecting in desired coordinates (i.e., WGS84 and 44Q). Percentage change in land area use was observed. Time series analysis was conducted using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model to forecast land area use.

Results:
There was a fluctuating trend in land area use by the legacy dump site from 2007 to 2019 with 661.90% increase indicating the need for proper waste management system. Time series analysis of the land area used showed a steep reduction of 36.65% in 2019-20, followed by 78.30% in 2020-21. The Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 and the functioning of Material Recovery Facility (MRF) in 2020 resulted in a significant reduction in land use at the dump site. As per analysis, 4.84 acres of land was found yet to be remediated to which the Raipur Municipal Corporation is committed to accomplish by December 2024.

Conclusion:
The application of GIS coupled with Google Earth can be a useful tool to monitor changes in land area of legacy dumpsites. Currently employed waste management strategies resulted in sustainable land use and environment conservation, without which it would have experienced exponential growth, necessitating additional land area in the future.
Unveiling the Hepatic Harbinger: Assessing the Fatty Liver Index as a Predictor of Metabolic Syndrome in Female Healthcare Workers
Authors: Yogesh M. , Vamja Roshni , Vala Vijay , Ramachandran Arya , Surati Bhumika , Nagda Jay 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Female healthcare workers have unique occupational stressors and lifestyle factors that may increase their risk of metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the utility of the fatty liver index (FLI) as a predictor of metabolic syndrome among female employees in the healthcare sector.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study included 450 female healthcare workers aged ≥18 years, employed in various roles at a tertiary healthcare facility in Gujarat. Clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical tests were conducted. FLI was calculated, and metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using harmonized criteria. Logistic regression analysis evaluated predictors.

Results: T
he mean age was 44.2 ± 7.8 years, and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 61%. Increasing the FLI category was significantly associated with a worsening metabolic profile. The odds of hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease progressively increased with higher FLI levels (P < 0.001), denoting a dose-response relationship. FLI demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy for metabolic syndrome with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.81 - 0.89). An FLI cutoff ≥30 provided an optimal balance of sensitivity (71%) and specificity (41%) for predicting metabolic syndrome.

Conclusion:
FLI demonstrates a strong association with metabolic syndrome and related comorbidities in a dose-dependent manner. FLI can be a simple, low-cost screening tool to identify high metabolic risk individuals in resource-limited settings.
Effect of oral hygiene instructions in the maintenance of periodontal health
Authors: Susmitha Koppuravuri Venkata Tirumala , Manukonda Jahnavi , Kondapaneni Tara , Muppaneni Manaswini , Deepa Anumala , Dhulipalla Ravindranath 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Empowering individuals with knowledge and skills is necessary for maintaining good oral hygiene. Supplementing chairside oral hygiene instructions can enhance patient education in maintaining proper oral hygiene. Audiovisual aids offer a dynamic and visual medium for demonstrating proper techniques, showcasing the consequences of poor oral hygiene, and highlighting the benefits of preventive measures.

Aim:
This study aims to evaluate the influence of oral hygiene instructions on sustaining periodontal health in patients.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-two patients were divided into two groups containing 21 participants. Baseline measurements were taken for the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) and the Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) Index. After these initial recordings, scaling was performed, followed by the delivery of oral hygiene instructions. Group I received instructions via videos, while Group II received verbal instructions. The patients were recalled 15 days postscaling for a follow-up, during which OHI-S and PHP Index were re-recorded.

Results:
The data analysis was conducted using paired t-tests and unpaired t-tests. The mean value of the OHI-S and PHP Index after giving instructions via videos is more beneficial than orally. Group I showed a statistically significant difference compared to Group II.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that oral hygiene instructions delivered through audiovisual aids have a positive effect on the periodontal health of patients. There is a potential benefit in enhancing instruction methods using audiovisual aids to achieve better reinforcement.
Impact assessment of integrated-pathy on anthropometric, physiological, biochemical, and psychological parameters on type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A single-arm, observational study
Authors: Vashisht Akshay , Bhatt Medha , Arya Vedpriya 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has primarily been managed with modern medicine, which is often target-based and nonholistic, leading to long-term adverse effects. Whereas, integrated-pathy is based on the principles of appropriate application of complementary treatments to support the body’s natural healing abilities. It incorporates a range of treatments, including ancient healing practices such as Yoga, Yagya, Ayurveda, Diet, Naturopathy, Pancha-Karma, and diverse Relaxation Techniques along with comprehensive strategies for the management of T2DM.

Objective:
To assess the effectiveness of integrated-pathy on physiological, biochemical, psychological, and anthropometric parameters in T2DM patients.

Materials and Methods:
Based on statistical calculations using G*Power 3.1.9.7, 53 T2DM patients aged (50.26 ± 9.13) years were selected using the convenient sampling. The normality of data (p > 0.05) was checked using the Shapiro–Wilk test in SPSS version 24.0. Psychological variables (quality of life, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, and Quality of Diabetes Self-Care) measured at three-time points (day 0, day 7, and day 45), were analyzed with the analysis of variance followed by Bonferroni-adjusted post hoc tests to control type 1 error. Glucose and cholesterol levels were assessed on day 0 and day 45, while treatment satisfaction was assessed on day 0 and day 7 and analyzed using paired t-tests.

Results:
The inclusion rate of participants was 48.18% with 36 female and 17 male participants. 66.03% of the participants were physically active or moderately active, rest 33.97% were least active or had a sedentary lifestyle. A decrease in weight (1.55%), BMI (1.59%), respiratory rate (6.85%), and systolic blood pressure (4.57%) was observed at the end of 7 day. By the end of 45th day a 4.7% reduction in HbA1c levels (p = 0.003), a 9.44% reduction in postprandial glucose (p = 0.46), and a 10.9% reduction in fasting glucose were noted. Regarding lipid profile markers, there was a slight increase in LDL cholesterol (0.5%) and a significant increase in HDL cholesterol (10.65%, p <0.01). VLDL cholesterol decreased by 7.4%, triglycerides by 2.14%, and total cholesterol by 3.95%.

Conclusions:
Our study has attempted to determine the efficacy of integrated-pathy for T2DM patients. The improvements in the physiological, psychological, and biochemical anthropometric measurements suggest a potentially beneficial move toward this therapy strategy.
Exploring participant engagement and adherence in yoga therapy interventions: Insights from refusals and defaulters
Authors: Karri Rama Reddy , Bhavanani Ananda Balayogi , Ramanathan Meena , Mopidevi Vijaya Gopal 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Understanding participant engagement and adherence is crucial in yoga therapy research. Examining reasons for refusals and defaults (participants who initially consent but later disengage) can enhance recruitment strategies and intervention outcomes.

Aims:
This study explores the factors behind refusals and defaults in yoga therapy interventions to improve participant engagement and adherence.

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted at a psychiatric hospital involving 1215 eligible individuals, with 770 recruited and final assessments completed for 667. Data on refusals and defaults were collected and analyzed. Various yoga techniques and aerobic exercises were assessed for their impact on participant retention.

Results:
Primary factors influencing refusals and defaults included logistical challenges, individual motivations, and health concerns. Religious beliefs did not influence the decision to participate in the yoga trial. Assorted asanas had higher default rates due to complexity. Significant differences in default rates were found among intervention groups, highlighting the need for tailored strategies.

Conclusions:
Addressing logistical barriers, enhancing motivation, and tailoring interventions can improve participant engagement and adherence in yoga research. Personalized approaches are essential for optimizing the effectiveness of yoga interventions.
Order-automorphism groups of Archimedean ordered groups
Authors: Marks Greg 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The group of order-preserving automorphisms of a finitely generated Archimedean ordered group of rank

$2$

is either infinite cyclic or trivial according as the ratio in

$\mathbb {R}$

of the generators of the subgroup is or is not quadratic over

$\mathbb {Q}.$

In the case of an Archimedean ordered group of rank

$2$

that is not finitely generated, the group of order-preserving automorphisms is free abelian. Criteria determining the rank of this free abelian group are established.