bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of feeding practices on the diversity of faecal short chain Fatty acids in 1-4 months infants in Pakistani cohort
Authors: Durrani Mehwish , Bukhari Ashfaq Ahmad Shah , Abubakr Muhammad , Tariq Kalsoom , Rehman Aziz Ur , Shafiq Muhammad 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The most important product of fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates is short chain fatty acids. Formation of these metabolites are mainly dependent on diet and gut microbial colonization. Literature has been supportive of the fact that short chain fatty acids play significant role in chronic inflammation (allergic diseases) and host physiology and metabolic processes including obesity and diabetes. Little is known about the differences in the metabolism between breast-fed and bottle-fed infants in our country. This study was designed to determine the differences in the metabolism between breast-fed and bottle-fed infants in Pakistani cohort.
Material & Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in 50 healthy infants. Enrollment of these children was done from different centers and localities in Peshawar. Stool samples were collected from the included infants and short chain fatty acids were studied by using Gas Chromatography.
Results: A total of 50 healthy infants (25 breast-fed and 25 bottle-fed) with mean age (mean ± sd) 78.40 35.88 days (range: 1-4 months) were included in this survey. Breast feeding was associated with lesser absolute concentrations of total short chain fatty acids. Among short chain fatty acids, acetates were more in breast feeding infants (median 651, p= 0.001) compared to formula feeding infants while propionates (median 81.06, p=0.02), butyrates (median 31.86, p=0.007) and iso-butyrates (median 3.76, p=0.003) were dominant in FFI which indicated an important role of short chain fatty acids in human health.
Conclusion: It may be concluded that feeding practices strongly influence the gut microbial metabolism and metabolites (short chain fatty acids).
GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN PERAWAT TENTANG KEDARURATAN PSIKIATRI DI RUMAH SAKIT JIWA DAERAH ABEPURA
Authors: Bano Mariam M S , Rhomandoni Muhamad , Sudarsono Sudarsono 
Published: August 2021

Latar Belakang: Penyakit kejiwaan yang berhubungan dengan masalah kedarurtan psikiatri adalah depresi, bipolar, skizofrenia dan psikosis lainnya, demensia. Kedaruratan psikiatri adalah gangguan pikiran, perasaan, atau perilaku yang membutuhkan intervensi terapeutik segera. Masalah yang dapat terjadi akibat kondisi kedaruratan psikiatri yaitu perilaku kekerasan, bunuh diri, delirium dan sindrom neuroleptik maligna. Saat ini di dunia terdapat lebih dari 264 juta orang terkena depresi, 45 juta orang terkena bipolar, 20 juta orang terkena skizofrenia dan psikosis lainya, 50 juta orang terkena demensia.Tujuan penelitian: Dapat mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan perawat tentang kedaruratan psikiatri di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Daerah Abepura. Metode penelitian: Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, populasi adalah seluruh perawat di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Daerah Abepura yaitu 135 perawat dan tekinik pengambilan sampel menggunakan rumus solvin sehingga jumlah sampel adalah 101 perawat. Instrument yang digunakan adalah kuesioner pengetahuan perawat tentang kedaruratan psikiatri yang telah di uji validitas dan reliabilitas dengan hasil uji kuesioner telah valid dan reliabel. Hasil: Karakteristik responden mayoritas umur kurang dari (<) 40 tahun (89.1 %), jenis kelamin perempuan (72.3 %), lama kerja kurang dari (<) 5 tahun (61.4 %), pendidikan D III keperawatan (71.3 %). Dari 101 perawat 38 perawat memiliki kategori pengetahuan baik (37.6 %), 45 perawat memiliki kategori pengetahuan cukup (37.6%) dan 18 perawat memiliki kategori pengetahuan kurang (17.8 %). Kesimpulan: Mayoritas perawat di Rumah Sakit Jiwa Daerah Abepura memiliki pengetahuan cukup (37.6%) tentang kedaruratan psikiatri.
Kata kunci: Kedaruratan psikiatri, Pengetahuan, Perawat
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN KEMANDIRIAN LANJUT USIA DALAM PEMENUHAN AKTIVITAS SEHARI-HARI DI DESA BANJARAGUNG KECAMATAN BARENG KABUPATEN JOMBANG
Authors: Puspitasari Maharani Tri 
Published: August 2021

Masalah yang dihadapi lanjut usia baik dari segi fisik, mental, dan sosial berkaitan dengan kesehatan dan kesejahteraan, sehingga menyebabkan kebutuhan terhadap dukungan keluarga dan pelayanan kesehatan. Dari permasalahan yang dihadapi usia lanjut tersebut apabila tidak segera diatasi akan menimbulkan beberapa akibat, yaitu timbulnya penyakit dan menurunnya aktivitas pemenuhan sehari-hari. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan kemandirian lansia dalam pemenuhan aktivitas sehari-hari di Desa Banjaragung Kecamatan Bareng Kabupaten Jombang.Desain penelitian ini adalah analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasinya adalah seluruh keluarga yang memiliki lansia di Desa Banjaragung Kecamatan Bareng Kabupaten Jombang sebanyak 149 keluarga dengan jumlah sampel 37 keluarga dengan tehnik Simple random sampling. Variabel independent dalam penelitian ini adalah dukungan keluarga sedangkan variabel dependentnya adalah kemandirian lansia dalam pemenuhan aktivitas sehari-hari.Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner.Hasil penelitian di dapatkan bahwa hampir setengah responden memberikan dukungan dengan kriteria sedang sebanyak 18 responden (48,6%) dan diketahui pula kemandirian lansia dalam pemenuhan aktivitas sehari-hari adalah memerlukan bantuan sebagian sebanyak 22 orang (57,7%). Berdasarkan hasil analisa melalui uji Spearman Rank’s dengan bantuan program SPSS 16 for windows komputer, diperoleh nilai ρ sebesar 0,004 < 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan kemandirian lansia dalam pemenuhan aktivitas sehari-hari di Desa Banjaragung Kecamatan Bareng Kabupaten Jombang.
Kata Kunci: Dukungan, Keluarga, Kemandirian, Lansia
HUBUNGAN FREKUENSI BABY SPA DENGAN KUALITAS TIDUR BAYI USIA 3-12 BULAN (Di BPM Ny. Farochah Kalami, SST Desa Pulo, Kecamatan Jombang, Kabupaten Jombang)
Authors: Wulandari Tri Mei , Nawangsari Harnanik , Dwi M Dovi 
Published: August 2021

Tidur merupakan masalah yang sering dikeluhkan pada bayi yang berusia di bawah satu tahun. Tetapi masalah yang dialami adalah bayi yang sulit tidur dimalam hari dan jika tidak ditangani dengan serius ada gangguan perilaku. Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan peneliti dengan metode wawancara dengan 10 ibu yang memiliki bayi usia 3-12 bulan 7 ibu bayinya sering rewel, dan 3 orang tua mengatakan bayinya tidur lebih lelap karena sering dilakukan baby spa. Tujuan penelitian adalah Mengetahui Hubungan Frekuensi Baby Spa dengan kualitas tidur bayi usia 3-12 bulan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah “Cross Sectional” dengan rancangan “Analitik Correlational”. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua ibu yang memiliki bayi usia 3-12 bulan di BPM Ny. Farochah Kalami, SST Desa Pulo, Kecamatan Jombang, Kabupaten Jombang. Sampel penelitian sebagian ibu yang memiliki bayi usia 3-12 bulan, diambil secara “Simple Random Sampling”. Variabel independent adalah Frekuensi Baby Spa dan variabel dependent adalah Kualitas tidur bayi. Instrument penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Pengolahan data menggunakan Editing, Coding, Scoring, Tabulating dan uji statistik Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi baby spa sebagian besar dilakukan secara rutin yaitu 24 responden (60,0%) kualitas tidur bayi menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mengalami nyenyak yaitu 23 responden (57,5%). Uji statistik Chi-Square menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikan p value = 0,006 < α (0,05), sehingga H1 diterima. Kesimpulan penelitian ini ada hubungan frekuensi baby spa dengan kualitas tidur bayi usia 3-12 bulan di BPM Ny. Farochah Kalami, SST Desa Pulo, Kecamatan Jombang, Kabupaten Jombang.
Kata kunci : Bayi Usia 3-12 bulan, Frekuensi Baby Spa, Kualitas Tidur.
Studi Kandungan Bahan Tambahan Makanan Pada Minuman Thai Tea Di Sekitar Kampus Politeknik Kesehatan Muhammadiyah Makassar
Authors: Hayat A. M. Fadhil , Sunu Baharuddin , Abbas Muhammad Ikbal , Islamia Indah 
Published: August 2021

Colorants are food additives that can improve or give color to foods. Sweeteners are synthetically processed artificial food additives that do not contain calories and a number of other nutritional values. These dyes and sweeteners can cause allergies such as cough, sensitive throat, and the most severe is impaired blood circulation. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of artificial coloring agents and artificial sweeteners in beverages around the Muhammadiyah Health Polytechnic Makassar. The method used in this research is descriptive and laboratory examination including: qualitative artificial dyes and quantitative artificial sweeteners.
The results showed that, from the examination of 3 samples of artificial dyes, the use of Sunset Yellow was found. Meanwhile, from the examination of 2 samples of artificial sweeteners, there was no use of artificial sweeteners. Based on the results of research on Thai Tea drinks, it can be concluded that all samples examined were found to contain dyes made by Sunset Yellow. Meanwhile, from the sample examination, no artificial sweetener was found.
Special issue on Education in (Professional) Legal Ethics, Emanuel van Dongen & Jet Tigchelaar (eds.)
Authors: van Dongen Emanuel , Tigchelaar Jet 
Published: August 2021

Special issue on Education in (Professional) Legal Ethics, Emanuel van Dongen & Jet Tigchelaar (eds.)
The theme of the special issue of Law and Method on Education in (Professional) Legal Ethics consists both of content-related as well as didactical-oriented contributions, of which most are written in the Dutch language and two are written in the English language. The content-related approaches show that in education in legal ethics use can be made of professional standards, constitutional principles as well as general ethical theories (such as utilitarianism, deontology, and virtue ethics). Because lawyers work with ‘the law’, broader or narrower conceptions of law (in relation to morality) also affect legal reasoning and are therefore relevant to education in professional legal ethics. However, these approaches are also put into perspective: the leap forward from moral reasoning based on abstract core values and ethical principles to morally correct action in concrete moral dilemmas in legal practice is a large one. Several solutions are proposed: I. teach ethics indirectly, stressing the importance of facts and of professional role consciousness, and of the importance of formal and informal respect for all concerned, as an essential part of the professional lawyers’ role (Kaptein – written in English); II. use insights from social psychology to overcome barriers to actual ethical behaviour (Becker and Mackor); III. use dialogues about case studies that demonstrate different aspects of judicial ethics for judges (Brenninkmeijer&Bish – written in English) or IV. give (to future governmental lawyers) context-sensitive bottom-up moral dilemmas to enhance realism, alertness and role resistance against opposing forces (Van Lochem). A relevant theme in the didactical approaches to legal ethics is the absence or limited practical professional experience law students have, so that, for example, conversation techniques based on personal experience have limited value. At university level, this can be remedied to some extent by reinforcing one’s own experience, i.e. experiential learning, or by bringing the experiences of others into the classroom, for example with guest lecturers from the field, or by telling and discussing fictional or true stories (Van Dongen & Tigchelaar). Education at university gives a good starting point for (professional) legal ethics, followed by post-academic legal ethics education and legal practice as lifelong learning school. A contribution with a focus on the notary (Waaijer) highlights the different approaches within this continuum.
Effectiveness, safety and implementation results of the strategies aimed at the safe prescription of medications in university hospitals in adult patients. Systematic review
Authors: Navarro Cárdenas Jaime David , Alarcón Nieto María Cristina , Bernal Vargas María Paula , Estrada-Orozco Kelly , Gaitán Duarte Hernando 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: A broad range of practices aimed at improving the effectives and safety of this process have been documented over the past few years.
Objective: to establish the effectiveness, safety and results of the implementation of these strategies in adult patients in university hospitals.
Methodology: A review of systematic reviews was conducted, in addition to a database search in the Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews, Embase, Epistemonikos, LILACS and gray literature. Any strategy aimed at reducing prescription-associated risks was included as intervention. This review followed the protocol registered in the International Prospective Registry of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): CRD42020165143.
Results: 7,637 studies were identified, upon deleting duplicate references. After excluding records based on titles and abstracts, 111 full texts were assessed for eligibility. Fifteen studies were included in the review. Several interventions grouped into 5 strategies addressed to the prescription process were identified; the use of computerized medical order entry systems (CPOE), whether integrated or not with computerized decision support systems (CDSS), was the most effective approach.
Conclusions: The beneficial effects of the interventions intended to the prescription process in terms of efficacy were identified; however, safety and implementation results were not thoroughly assessed. The heterogeneity of the studies and the low quality of the reviews, preclude a meta-analysis.
La cérémonie du calumet ou l’ethnographie d’une expérience extraordinaire au sein de Notcimik (l’univers forestier des Atikamekw Nehirowisiwok, Québec)
Authors: Éthier Benoit 
Published: August 2021

Cet article discute de l’apport des travaux de Jean-Guy Goulet dans les réflexions de l’auteur et dans ses façons d’aborder le terrain ethnographique. Il souligne notamment la pertinence des expériences oniriques du chercheur et des enseignements transmis par Notcimik, l’univers forestier des Atikamekw Nehirowisiwok, dans les matériaux ethnographiques. La réflexion est articulée ici autour d’une ethnographie d’une expérience personnelle vécue dans des relations sociales profitables ayant permis de mieux vivre et saisir certains principes, pratiques et savoirs des Atikamekw Nehirowisiwok. L’expérience ethnographique décrite dans cet article rejoint ce que Goulet (2007) décrit comme une « anthropologie extraordinaire », c’est-à-dire un engagement du chercheur dans des façons radicalement différentes de comprendre et d’habiter la réalité.
Être(s) d’eaux et de forêts
Authors: Jérôme Laurent , da Silva Rubens Elias 
Published: August 2021

Dans cet article, les auteurs proposent de documenter la construction des images mythiques dans les sociétés et les cosmologies autochtones du Québec et du Brésil. La lecture comparative développée vise plus spécifiquement à analyser la place de la forêt et de l’eau dans les relations entre humains et non-humains dans les cosmologies locales. Tant la territorialité atikamekw nehirowisiw que celle des peuples de la forêt en Amazonie brésilienne doivent être appréhendées dans le cadre de relations conçues, nommées, racontées, vécues, négociées et partagées avec le monde sensible, sensoriel et non humain. Des recherches de terrain menées au Québec et en Amazonie brésilienne auprès de Premières Nations, de groupes autochtones et de communautés traditionnelles nous permettent de proposer une lecture comparative de la place de l’eau et de la forêt au sein de la tradition orale, de savoirs et de relations qui s’étendent à l’infini : connaître la forêt, nommer ses règles et concevoir les sentiments vécus comme présage de la présence d’êtres invisibles sont des dispositifs d’une éthique vécue et partagée entre ceux qui ont vécu cette relation et ceux qui peuvent potentiellement en faire l’expérience.
Soybean Cultivation Technology Package on Tidal Swamp Lands in Indonesia
Authors: Harsono Arief , Elisabeth Dian A. A. , Indiati Sriwahyuni , Rozi Fachrur , Harnowo Didik , Sundari Titik , Widodo Yudi , Krisdiana Ruly , Mejaya Made J. 
Published: August 2021

The main constraints of the tidal swamp lands in Indonesia for soybean growth are low soil pH, high Al saturation, and low nutrient availability of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg. The objectives of this research were to determine tolerance of several soybean varieties to Al saturation level, and to obtain a technological package for soybean cultivation which was suitable for farmers to adopt on tidal swamp lands. The research consisted of two stages of study. The first stage formulated of technology package, and the second stage evaluated feasibility of the technology package which was formulation from the first stage. The first stage studied the effect of dolomite application (20%
- 30% of soil Al saturation) on four soybean varieties (Anjasmoro, Panderman, Dega 1, and Demas). The second stage studied the effect of three technological packages: existing technology; water- saturated soybean cultivation (WSC); and alternative technology which was formulated from the results of the first study. In the 30% of soil Al saturation condition, the alternative technology package (application of 50 kg urea + 75 kg SP36 + 50 kg KCl + 1500 kg organic fertilizers/ha + rhizobium biofertilizer “Agriosy” 0.25 kg/50 g seeds/ha) gave soybean yield of 1.78 - 2.72 t/ha for all
of soybean varieties tested. The alternative technology package with Anjasmoro variety provided higher seed yields (2.62 t/ha) compared to the existing technology (2.07 t/ha) and WSC technology package (2.44 t/ha). The alternative technology package gave a profit of 11,595,000 IRD/ha with B/C values of 1.71 which was higer than the existing and WSC technology packages. The alternative technology package was more profitable than the existing technology (current farmer practice) and water-saturated soybean cultivation technology packages.
Efficacy of Formulated Feed Preference and Stocking Density on Growth and Survival of Baby Pila globosa Reared in Laboratory Condition
Authors: ISLAM Md. Shariful , Shofiquzzoha A. F. M. , Begum Nilufa 
Published: August 2021

Quality diet as food for raising freshwater snails under laboratory conditions has a significant effect on their growth and the number of egg clutches laid as well as on the size of the snail. Now a days, some innovative farmers of Bangladesh started snail culture within their fish farms in the view of producing snail to use as feed for their Prawn (Macrobrachiam rosenbergii), indigenous catfish (Clarius batrachus) farms, domestic duck farms and also as a protein supplement for preparing fish feed. From previous study we know that Bulinus nyassanus growth and survive rate was found well on locally formulated fish diet consisting of 30% crude protein with ingredients comprising fish meal, maize bran, rice bran, soya bean, wheat bran, hemicellulose (binder), vitamin premix and mineral premix. But no such research has been done in case of apple snail. The present study was aimed to investigate the feed formulation preferred by Pila globosa species and their effects on survival and growth of these snails in laboratory condition. Three type of formulated feed viz., pellet feed, fish meal and 50% fish meal + 50% crusted khudipana were used for the experiment in high and low stocking density of baby snails. The present findings shown that the diets in order of preference based on their effects on growth and survival of snails were formulated pellet feed, fish meal and 50% fish meal+ 50% crushed khudipana. After rearing of 28 days, highest growth found 0.32g with 86.66% survival with formulated diet in 60nos/L stocking density and 0.35g with 90% survival with formulated diet in 30nos/L stocking density. It`s indicate that the snails reared on formulated pellet feed diets and lower stocking density gave better performance in terms of survival and mean growth rate than those reared on other diets.
Composition and Physicochemical Characteristics of Milk of the West African Dwarf Goats in Cross River, Nigeria
Authors: N. Ebegbulem, Victoria , E. Nwanjoku, Janet 
Published: August 2021

Goat milk is a suitable alternative to human milk owing to its high beta casein content which makes it very digestible unlike cow milk. Moreover, the West African Dwarf goat is highly trypano- tolerant and thrives excellently in the humid forest zone of Nigeria. It therefore necessitated the need to expound its potential in human nutrition in the study area. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the proximate, mineral composition and physicochemical characteristics of milk of West African Dwarf goats in Cross River State, Nigeria .Twenty five lactating West African Dwarf does within the age of 3-5 years were milked from five Local Government Areas of Cross River State (Calabar South, Calabar Municipal, Akamkpa, Biase and Odukpani) in which three goat milk samples were obtained by hand milking from each location. Data collected were presented using descriptive statistics. Completely randomized design was used to study the relationship between components of the milk samples. Proximate components of milk were crude protein (3.91-6.35%), ether extract (2.69-5.04%), Ash (1.51-1.95%), Nitrogen free extract (88.68-90.32%) and moisture content (77.72-85.56%). Values of physicochemical components were: Total Acid (0.16-0.21%), Total solid (12.30-13.30%), Density (0.90-1.95%) and pH (6.50-6.90%). Elemental components (mg/100g) were potassium (202-64-204.39), sodium (49.06-49.96), calcium (133.18-133.98), magnesium (13.96-14.07), iron (0.04-0.07), zinc (0.30-0.32) copper (1.32-1.35) and phosphorus (110.32-110.98). Proximate composition of milk samples from the different locations varied significantly (p>0.05).Similarly, the physicochemical composition from the locations also varied significantly (p<0.05) with exception to milk pH with no significant difference. Mineral elements of milk samples from different locations were not significantly different except the potassium content in milk from Odukpani which was significantly lower than the other locations. Goat milk from the study locations met the nutritional standards in terms of proximate, mineral and physicochemical composition. Results from this research provides veritable information of the nutritional content of goat milk in the study locations particularly and help encourage the incorporation of goat milk in the diet of Nigerians generally.