bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Alvarado score and pediatric appendicitis score for clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children—a prospective study
Authors: Iftikhar Muhammad Adil , Dar Sajid Hameed , Rahman Usman Ali , Butt Maliha Javaid , Sajjad Mohammad , Hayat Umar , Sultan Nayyar 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical condition of children. Differential diagnosis of an acutely inflamed appendix in children includes a vast variety of diseases which can present with the same symptoms and signs as acute appendicitis. It is an important factor for delay in diagnosis. Many scoring systems are being used to reach a diagnosis within time and to reduce the rate of negative appendectomies.
The purpose of this study was to compare both scoring systems (Alvarado and pediatric appendicitis scoring system) and to know which one is better to establish an early correct diagnosis of acute appendicitis in pediatrics, thus decreasing the morbidity and burden on hospital resources. Although many studies had been completed at the international level for comparing both of these scoring systems, the pediatric population in our region was still awaiting such an effort.
So a prospective cohort study was designed. A total of 180 patients were recruited with 95% confidence level and 5% margin of error. Every enrolled patient was awarded clinical scores according to both the Alvarado scoring system and the pediatric appendicitis scoring system. Patients having a score of 7 or more by both scoring systems were considered “seven or more than seven group” and their appendectomies were performed and histopathology reports were reviewed. Patients having a score of 7 in one system and less than 7 in the other/both were considered “less than seven group” and were admitted in the ward for further clinical evaluation and observation.

Results
At cutoff 7, the Alvarado score showed a sensitivity of 85.5%, specificity of 70%, PPV of 96.5%, NPV of 33.3%, and diagnostic accuracy of 84.11% while the pediatric appendicitis score showed a sensitivity of 93.8%, specificity of 70%, PPV of 96.8%, NPV of 53.8, and diagnostic accuracy of 91.59%.

Conclusion
The pediatric appendicitis score (PAS) is superior in diagnosing acute appendicitis in the pediatric population than the Alvarado score as indicated by the values of diagnostic accuracy. So it can be a good diagnostic tool for pediatric patients presenting with clinical symptoms and signs of appendicitis.
Computer-Assisted Reporting and Decision Support in Standardized Radiology Reporting for Cancer Imaging
Authors: Bizzo Bernardo C. , Almeida Renata R. , Alkasab Tarik K. 
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE Recent advances in structured reporting are providing an opportunity to enhance cancer imaging assessment to drive value-based care and improve patient safety. METHODS The computer-assisted reporting and decision support (CAR/DS) framework has been developed to enable systematic ingestion of guidelines as clinical decision structured reporting tools embedded within the radiologist's workflow. RESULTS CAR/DS tools can reduce the radiology reporting variability and increase compliance with clinical guidelines. The lung cancer use-case is used to describe various scenarios of a cancer imaging structured reporting pathway, including incidental findings, screening, staging, and restaging or continued care. Various aspects of these tools are also described using cancer-related examples for different imaging modalities and applications such as calculators. Such systems can leverage artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to assist with the generation of structured reports and there are opportunities for new AI applications to be created using the structured data associated with CAR/DS tools. CONCLUSION These AI-enabled systems are starting to allow information from multiple sources to be integrated and inserted into structured reports to drive improvements in clinical decision support and patient care.
A Facile Synthesis of Highly Porous Silica Aerogel Hybrid Materials for BTX Adsorption
Authors: Azhagapillai Prabhu , Al Shoaibi Ahmed , Srinivasakannan C 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Benzene, toluene, and m-xylenes are among the pollutants in the environment that may harm human health. These fugitive volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from refineries and petrochemical industries are perennial, although at low concentrations in ppm levels. On similar grounds, the separation of benzene, toluene, and m-xylene compounds (BTX) from the feed gas of the sulfur recovery unit in natural gas processing industries is critical, as it is known to severely poison the catalyst in the Claus process. In this connection, a new hybrid material was synthesized using a precursor (metal-organic framework (MOF)) and silica aerogels (SA). The precursor (ZIF-8) proportion was varied to understand its effect on the structural and adsorption characteristics. Various advanced analytical characterizations were performed to understand the physicochemical characteristics of the synthesized material. Additionally, the synthesized materials were subjected to gas-phase adsorption of BTX to generate the adsorption isotherm at 25 °C. The hybrid material SA-ZIF-8 (20%) having a ZIF-8 proportion of 20% were found to have better adsorption capacity than the virgin ZIF-8 and silica aerogel adsorbents. The maximum adsorption capacity near the 90% saturation vapor pressure corresponds to 337 mg/g, 227 mg/g, and 263 mg/g at 25 °C for BTX, respectively.
Formation of Closed Pores in Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles by Hydrothermal Treatment
Authors: Yamamoto Eisuke , Cheng Lulu , Watanabe Tenkai , Mori Seiya , Shimojima Atsushi , Wada Hiroaki , Kuroda Kazuyuki 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with closed pores have significant potential for applications such as low-dielectric-constant materials and bio-imaging owing to their controlled accessibility. In this study, we successfully prepared MSNs with closed pores by a simple hydrothermal treatment in ethanol. The mesostructure changed from open to closed mesopores through hydrothermal treatment. This simple method enabled the preparation of closed pores with encapsulated guest species.
Diseño y validación de un instrumento para la Evaluación de la Satisfacción de los Estudiantes de Prácticas en Educación (ESEPE)
Authors: Ruiz-Gutiérrez Borja , Basilotta Gómez-Pablos Verónica , González Elices Patricia 
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN. El Prácticum es una materia fundamental que ofrece al estudiante la posibilidad de experimentar en contextos y situaciones reales, a la vez que reflexiona y pone en práctica el conocimiento adquirido en otras asignaturas de la titulación. La valoración del Prácticum se vuelve fundamental para mejorar la calidad de este, siendo primordial la evaluación de las experiencias y percepciones de los estudiantes durante este periodo. En este contexto, resulta necesario contar con instrumentos válidos y fiables que permitan asegurar que la evaluación que se hace de las prácticas es la adecuada y logren incrementar la calidad educativa de las mismas. El objetivo de este trabajo es, precisamente, construir y validar un cuestionario para evaluar la satisfacción de los estudiantes en la asignatura de Prácticum de las titulaciones de educación. MÉTODO. Se presentan los resultados del proceso de validación de contenido en el que han participado 12 expertos, tanto del ámbito escolar como universitario; y del estudio piloto en el que han participado 97 estudiantes de los Grados de Magisterio de Educación Infantil, Grado en Magisterio de Educación Primaria, Máster Universitario en Formación del Profesorado de Educación Secundaria y Máster en Psicopedagogía de la Universidad a Distancia de Madrid. RESULTADOS. Los resultados obtenidos informan de una elevada validez de contenido (relevancia=82% y claridad=85%) y fiabilidad (α de Cronbach=0.95). A su vez, la validez de constructo explicada en el análisis factorial exploratorio muestra una calidad métrica adecuada. Se han obtenido dos factores que han explicado el 79.04% de la varianza total. DISCUSIÓN. Estos resultados permiten confiar en la validez del cuestionario y en el objeto de medida. Dicho instrumento puede servir de base para la evaluación de la formación práctica en otros centros.
Rethinking the fundamentals and practices of intercultural education in era of insecurity
Authors: Musaio Marisa 
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCTION. In a globalized and multicultural world, one is increasingly challenged by encounters and relationships with the other. Intercultural pedagogy develops its reflections around these problems, while continuously updating its meanings and purposes. METHOD. Starting from a reinterpretation of the pedagogical foundations of the relationship between identity and otherness, this contribution proposes to outline the role and purpose of an intercultural pedagogy in relation to the framework of insecurity that characterizes multicultural society today. RESULTS. The interplay between the theoretical analysis of intercultural pedagogy and the various manifestations of risk, especially as regards the condition of vulnerability experienced by refugees and migrants, allows us to outline new educational goals for an authentic relationship with others. DISCUSSION. As a result of the above observations, the need for a continuous interpretation of intercultural education in relation to the constantly changing scenarios emerges. In addition, the training of educational and pedagogical professionals that make use of intercultural mediation to prevent conflict and upgrade living conditions and encourage a better education for the new wave of immigrants becomes crucial.
A new transoral modality for the treatment of lingual thyroglossal duct cyst with suspension laryngoscopy by plasma coblation
Authors: Gao K , Gao K , Han J , Zhou X , Luan D , Xie F , Li Y , Yue Z 
Published: April 2021

Introduction Lingual thyroglossal duct cysts (LTGDC) are a rare kind of thyroglossal duct cyst. However, Sistrunk surgery is not very suitable for this type of cyst. This study aimed to explore the efficacy of transoral excision of LTGDC by plasma coblation. Methods The present study reviewed 11 patients, comprising seven males and four females, who had been diagnosed with LTGDC preoperatively by computed tomography (CT) and fibre-optic electronic laryngoscopy. Of those patients, two had recurrence after surgery of epiglottic cysts. All these patients underwent transoral excision by plasma coblation. Then, we collected preoperative data of the patients, observed the effect of surgery, and analysed factors relevant to LTGDC, including the estimated bleeding amount, postoperative hospitalisation, complications and recurrence rates. Results The connection between LTGDC and hyoid was tapered on sagittal images of CT, which was vital evidence for the diagnosis of LTGDC. Surgery was performed successfully for all 11 patients, and all recovered without complication. There was no evidence of recurrence after surgery, during follow up for 3–43 months. Conclusions Transoral surgery for LTGDC can be performed successfully by plasma coblation, which is an effective and safe surgical treatment. Fibre-optic electronic laryngoscopy and CT are essential to the diagnosis of LTGDC in order to avoid missing detection and misdiagnosis.
Implementation of a COVID-19 surveillance programme for healthcare workers in a teaching hospital in an upper-middle-income country
Authors: Wan Kim Sui , Tok Peter Seah Keng , Yoga Ratnam Kishwen Kanna , Aziz Nuraini , Isahak Marzuki , Ahmad Zaki Rafdzah , Nik Farid Nik Daliana , Hairi Noran Naqiah , Rampal Sanjay , Ng Chiu-Wan , Samsudin Mohd Fauzy , Venugopal Vinura , Asyraf Mohammad , Damanhuri Narisa Hatun , Doraimuthu Sanpagavalli , Arumugam Catherine Thamarai , Marthammuthu Thaneswaran , Nawawi Fathhullah Azmie , Baharudin Faiz , Chong Diane Woei Quan , Jayaraj Vivek Jason , Magarita Venna , Ponnampalavanar Sasheela , Hasnan Nazirah , Kamarulzaman Adeeba , Said Mas Ayu 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionThe reporting of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) mortality among healthcare workers highlights their vulnerability in managing the COVID-19 pandemic. Some low- and middle-income countries have highlighted the challenges with COVID-19 testing, such as inadequate capacity, untrained laboratory personnel, and inadequate funding. This article describes the components and implementation of a healthcare worker surveillance programme in a designated COVID-19 teaching hospital in Malaysia. In addition, the distribution and characteristics of healthcare workers placed under surveillance are described.Material and methodsA COVID-19 healthcare worker surveillance programme was implemented in University Malaya Medical Centre. The programme involved four teams: contact tracing, risk assessment, surveillance and outbreak investigation. Daily symptom surveillance was conducted over fourteen days for healthcare workers who were assessed to have low-, moderate- and high-risk of contracting COVID-19. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted for data collected over 24 weeks, from the 6thof March 2020 to the 20thof August 2020.ResultsA total of 1,174 healthcare workers were placed under surveillance. The majority were females (71.6%), aged between 25 and 34 years old (64.7%), were nursing staff (46.9%) and had no comorbidities (88.8%). A total of 70.9% were categorised as low-risk, 25.7% were moderate-risk, and 3.4% were at high risk of contracting COVID-19. One-third (35.2%) were symptomatic, with the sore throat (23.6%), cough (19.8%) and fever (5.0%) being the most commonly reported symptoms. A total of 17 healthcare workers tested positive for COVID-19, with a prevalence of 0.3% among all the healthcare workers. Risk category and presence of symptoms were associated with a positive COVID-19 test (p<0.001). Fever (p<0.001), cough (p = 0.003), shortness of breath (p = 0.015) and sore throat (p = 0.002) were associated with case positivity.ConclusionCOVID-19 symptom surveillance and risk-based assessment have merits to be included in a healthcare worker surveillance programme to safeguard the health of the workforce.
The prevalence, severity and chronicity of abuse towards older men: Insights from a multinational European survey
Authors: Melchiorre Maria Gabriella , Di Rosa Mirko , Macassa Gloria , Eslami Bahareh , Torres-Gonzales Francisco , Stankunas Mindaugas , Lindert Jutta , Ioannidi-Kapolou Elisabeth , Barros Henrique , Lamura Giovanni , J. F. Soares Joaquim 
Published: April 2021

Background
Elder abuse is a growing public health question among policy makers and practitioners in many countries. Research findings usually indicate women as victims, whereas male elder abuse still remains under-detected and under-reported. We aimed to investigate the prevalence, severity and chronicity of abuse (psychological, physical, physical injury, sexual, and financial) against older men, and to scrutinize factors (e.g. demographics) associated with high chronicity of any abuse.

Methods
Randomly selected older men (n = 1908) aged 60–84 years from seven European cities (Ancona, Athens, Granada, Kaunas, Stuttgart, Porto, Stockholm) were interviewed in 2009 via a cross-sectional study concerning abuse exposure during the past 12 months.

Results
Findings suggested that prevalence of abuse towards older men varied between 0.3% (sexual) and 20.3% (psychological), with severe acts between 0.2% (sexual) and 8.2% (psychological). On the whole, higher chronicity values were for injury, followed by psychological, financial, physical, and sexual abuse. Being from Sweden, experiencing anxiety and having a spouse/cohabitant/woman as perpetrator were associated with a greater “risk” for high chronicity of any abuse. For men, severity and chronicity of abuse were in some cases relatively high.

Conclusions
Abuse towards older men, in the light of severe and repeated acts occurring, should be a source of concern for family, caring staff, social work practice and policy makers, in order to develop together adequate prevention and treatment strategies.
COVID-19: Short term prediction model using daily incidence data
Authors: Zhao Hongwei , Merchant Naveed N. , McNulty Alyssa , Radcliff Tiffany A. , Cote Murray J. , Fischer Rebecca S. B. , Sang Huiyan , Ory Marcia G. 
Published: April 2021

Background
Prediction of the dynamics of new SARS-CoV-2 infections during the current COVID-19 pandemic is critical for public health planning of efficient health care allocation and monitoring the effects of policy interventions. We describe a new approach that forecasts the number of incident cases in the near future given past occurrences using only a small number of assumptions.

Methods
Our approach to forecasting future COVID-19 cases involves 1) modeling the observed incidence cases using a Poisson distribution for the daily incidence number, and a gamma distribution for the series interval; 2) estimating the effective reproduction number assuming its value stays constant during a short time interval; and 3) drawing future incidence cases from their posterior distributions, assuming that the current transmission rate will stay the same, or change by a certain degree.

Results
We apply our method to predicting the number of new COVID-19 cases in a single state in the U.S. and for a subset of counties within the state to demonstrate the utility of this method at varying scales of prediction. Our method produces reasonably accurate results when the effective reproduction number is distributed similarly in the future as in the past. Large deviations from the predicted results can imply that a change in policy or some other factors have occurred that have dramatically altered the disease transmission over time.

Conclusion
We presented a modelling approach that we believe can be easily adopted by others, and immediately useful for local or state planning.
Design of First Generation of Sunan Kalijaga’s High Power UV-LED Fluoerescence Spectroscopy System
Authors: Rakhmadi Frida Agung , Rifai Rochan , Khamidinal  
Published: April 2021

Research on design of the first generation of Sunan Kalijaga’s high power UV-LED fluorescence spectroscopy system has been done. The purpose of this research was to make the first generation of Sunan Kalijaga’s high power UV-LED fluorescence spectroscopy system. This research was done in two steps, designing and manufacturing of the system. The result showed that a fluorescence spectroscopy system has been made succesfully using high power UV-LED of waveleght 365 nm as excitation source and webcam M-Tech WB100 as sensor. The data acquisition software was successfully created using LabVIEW.
Development of Teaching Material of Sony Vegas Media Based with Anchored Instruction Models for Tennis Course in IKIP Budi Utomo Malang
Authors: Susanto Ratno , Riyanto  
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop teaching materials of Sony Vegas media based with anchored instruction models. The development of this teaching material used the Research and Development (R&D) method with the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Dessiminate). This research was started from the define stage where at this stage identification of material concepts were carried out in the textbook. Furthermore, the design and manufacture of Sony Vegas media based teaching materials with anchored instruction models was carried out in the design phase. After the teaching materials have been designed and made, the development stage was carried out, namely product validation by experts and product trials in the lecture process. Based on the results of this develop phase, it can be stated that the product was valid and practical, so it can be continued to the dessiminate stage. Based on the results of the validation of media experts, material experts, and small group trials. As a whole the development of teaching material with Soni Vegas-based is appropriate to be used as teaching material with an average value of 96.17% and it includes in the criteria of "Very Valid”.
Problems and proposed solutions faced by Syrian students in the educational process in Turkey
Authors: Hallaçlı Fatma , Gül İbrahim 
Published: April 2021

War and migration is a traumatic situation that affects human life. Many Syrians had to migrate to our country due to the negativities experienced in Syria. Children are among the most affected by migrations. In this study, the problems encountered by Syrian students in the education process are discussed. The case study method was used in this qualitative research. The study group of the research consists of school administrators, teachers and Syrian students from public schools in Altındağ district, Ankara. A triple comparison was made in order to reveal the problem of the study exactly. Semi-structured interview form was used in the research. Descriptive and content analysis methods were used to analyze the collected data. According to the findings obtained from the research, According to the findings obtained from the research, it was stated that Syrian students experienced absenteeism, communication, violence and adaptation problems, various complaints came from families, and the curriculum did not meet the needs of students. Most of these problems were mentioned repeatedly by teachers and students. Administrators and teachers have developed some suggestions for solving the problems.

Özet

Savaş ve göç, insan hayatını etkileyen travmatik bir durumdur. Suriye’de yaşanan olumsuzluklar nedeniyle ülkemize birçok Suriyeli göç etmek zorunda kalmıştır. Göçten en çok etkilenenler arasında çocuklar yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada Suriyeli öğrencilerin eğitim sürecinde karşılaştıkları sorunlar ele alınmıştır. Nitel bir çalışma olan bu araştırmada durum çalışması yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Ankara ili Altındağ ilçesinde kamu okullarında çalışan okul yöneticileri, öğretmenler ve Suriyeli öğrenciler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın sorununu doğru bir şekilde ortaya koymak için üçlü bir karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Araştırmada yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesinde betimsel ve içerik analizi yöntemlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Aratırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre, Suriyeli öğrencilerin devamsızlık, iletişim, şiddet ve uyum sorunları yaşandığı, ailelerden çeşitli şikayetler geldiği, müfredat programının öğrencilerin ihtiyaçlarına cevap vermediği dile getirilmiştir. Bu sorunların çoğunluğu öğretmen ve öğrenciler tarafından tekrarlanarak dile getirilmiştir. Yönetici ve öğretmenler sorunların çözümüne yönelik bazı öneriler geliştirmişlerdir.
Gemeinsam stark – Ein Erfahrungsbericht zur Zusammenarbeit von Haupt- und Ehrenamtlichen in der Remigius Bücherei, Borken (Westfalen)
Authors: Heitfeldt Claudia 
Published: April 2021

Zusammenfassung
Der Erfahrungsbericht berichtet über die Zusammenarbeit von Haupt- und Ehrenamtlichen in der Katholischen Öffentlichen Bücherei St. Remigius in Borken, Nordrhein-Westfalen. Die Strategie der Bibliothek betont das bürgerschaftliche Engagement. Die Freiwilligen sind vor allem im Ausleih- und Benutzungsdienst eingesetzt. Das Management des großen Teams der Freiwilligen erfordert Professionalität.
Ehrenamt in den Öffentlichen Bibliotheken Österreichs
Authors: Portugal Katharina 
Published: April 2021

Zusammenfassung
Das öffentliche Bibliothekswesen in Österreich wird mehrheitlich von ehrenamtlichen BibliothekarInnen getragen. So sind über 80 % der MitarbeiterInnen in den Öffentlichen Bibliotheken in Österreich ehrenamtlich tätig. Dabei zeigen sich große – sich nur geringfügig ändernde – Unterschiede in den einzelnen Bundesländern. Dieser Beitrag erläutert die Struktur der österreichischen Bibliothekslandschaft, zeigt die Bestrebungen zur Professionalisierung durch Aus- und Fortbildungen des Büchereiverbandes Österreichs und präsentiert an einem Best-Practice-Beispiel das Engagement ehrenamtlicher BibliothekarInnen.