bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring digital health interventions to support community health workers in low-and-middle-income countries during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Feroz Anam Shahil , Valliani Komal , Khwaja Hajra , Karim Sehrish 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionCOVID-19 has significantly affected community health workers’ (CHWs) performance as they are expected to perform pandemic-related tasks along with routine essential healthcare services. A plausible way to optimise CHWs’ functioning during this pandemic is to couple the efforts of CHWs with digital tools. So far, no systematic evidence is available on the use of digital health interventions to support CHWs in low-middle-income countries (LMICs) amid the COVID-19 pandemic. The article describes a protocol for a scoping review of primary research studies that aim to map evidence on the use of unique digital health interventions to support CHWs during COVID-19 in LMICs.Methods and analysisOur methodology has been adapted from scoping review guidelines provided by Arksey and O’Malley, Levacet al.and the Joanna Briggs Institute. Our search strategy has been developed for the following four main electronic databases: Excerpta Medica Database, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Google Scholar and reference tracking will be used for supplementary searches. Each article will be screened against eligibility criteria by two independent researchers at the title and abstract and full-text level. The review will include studies that targeted digital health interventions at CHWs’ level to provide support in delivering COVID-19-related and other essential healthcare services. A date limit of 31 December 2019 to the present date will be placed on the search and English language articles will be included.Ethics and disseminationFormal ethical approval is not required, as primary data will not be collected in this study. The results from our scoping review will provide valuable insight into the use of digital health interventions to optimise CHWs’ functioning and will reveal current knowledge gaps in research. The results will be disseminated through journal publications and conference presentations.
Effectiveness of E-SBIRT intervention in community healthcare institution in China: study proposal for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Fu Rao , Yuan Chenxin , Sun Wei , Wang Wenzheng , Zhang Lei , Zhai Jing , Guan Qun , Wu Xiaojun , Long Jiang , Zhao Min , Du Jiang 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundMany studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) in addressing substance use problem. However, owing to the shortage of counsellors, it has not been widely used in China. With the development of smart medicine, we developed a web-based electronic SBIRT (E-SBIRT) program and explored the effectiveness of E-SBIRT in reducing substance use in China.MethodsA randomised controlled trial will be conducted in primary healthcare institutions. Four primary healthcare institutions will be selected and randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group (each institution will recruit 60 participants, and in total, 240 participants will be recruited). The control group will get a pamphlet of drug abuse prevention, and the intervention group will get the E-SBIRT intervention and the pamphlet. Both groups will receive baseline and follow-up assessment at 1 and 3 months after the intervention. The primary outcome is the change in scores on the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Use Involvement Screening Test, and the secondary outcomes include changes in motivation, depression, anxiety, positive/negative emotion, self-esteem, addiction knowledge and addiction severity index.ConclusionsIf the ‘E-SBIRT’ program is found to be effective, it will be an accessible, affordable and widely implementable intervention to help participants at moderate risk of substance use to reduce their consumption. The potential benefit is to provide early intervention to high-risk patients in time and reduce the harmful consequences to individuals and society.Trial registration numberNCT03452241.
Subjective social position and cognitive function in a longitudinal cohort of older, rural South African adults, 2014–2019
Authors: Kobayashi Lindsay C , Morris Emily P , Harling Guy , Farrell Meagan T , Kabeto Mohammed U , Wagner Ryan G , Berkman Lisa F 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundThe relationship between subjective social position (SSP) and cognitive ageing unclear, especially in low-income settings. We aimed to investigate the relationship between SSP and cognitive function over time among older adults in rural South Africa.MethodsData were from 3771 adults aged ≥40 in the population-representative ‘Health and Ageing in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa’ from 2014/2015 (baseline) to 2018/2019 (follow-up). SSP was assessed at baseline with the 10-rung MacArthur Network social position ladder. Outcomes were composite orientation and episodic memory scores at baseline and follow-up (range: 0–24). Mortality- and attrition-weighted linear regression estimated the associations between baseline SSP with cognitive scores at each of the baseline and follow-up. Models were adjusted for age, age2, sex, country of birth, father’s occupation, education, employment, household assets, literacy, marital status and health-related covariates.ResultsSSP responses ranged from 0 (bottom ladder rung/lowest social position) to 10 (top ladder rung/highest social position), with a mean of 6.6 (SD: 2.3). SSP was positively associated with baseline cognitive score (adjusted β=0.198 points per ladder rung increase; 95% CI 0.145 to 0.253) and follow-up cognitive score (adjusted β=0.078 points per ladder rung increase; 95% CI 0.021 to 0.136).ConclusionIndependent of objective socioeconomic position measures, SSP is associated with orientation and episodic memory scores over two time points approximately 3 years apart among older rural South Africans. Future research is needed to establish the causality of the observed relationships, whether they persist over longer follow-up periods and their consistency in other populations.
Technology-induced job loss risk, disability and all-cause mortality in Norway
Authors: Bratsberg Bernt , Rogeberg Ole , Skirbekk Vegard 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundOngoing shifts in economic structure from automation and globalisation can affect employment and mortality, yet these relations are not well described.ObjectiveWe assess whether long-term employment and health outcomes relate systematically to structural change in the labour market, using the occupational Routine Task Intensity (RTI) score as indicator of exposure is to risks of outsourcing and technology-induced job loss.MethodsUsing a cohort design and administrative data with national population coverage, we categorise all Norwegian employees in 2003 by the RTI score of their occupation and examine how this score correlates with employment and health outcomes measured in 2018 and 2019. The study sample counts 416 003 men and 376 413 women aged 33–52 in 2003.ResultsThe occupational RTI score at baseline is robustly associated with long-term employment, disability and mortality outcomes. Raw correlations are reduced after adjustment for potential confounders, but associations remain substantial in models controlling for individual covariates and in sibling comparisons. Working in an occupation with RTI score 1 SD above the mean in 2003 is associated with a raised probability of being deceased in 2019 of 0.24 percentage points (95% CI: 0.18 to 0.30) for men and 0.13 percentage points (95% CI: 0.02 to 0.24) for women, corresponding to raised mortality rates of 6.7% and 5.5%.ConclusionsIndividuals in occupations characterised by high routine intensity are less likely to remain employed in the long term, and have higher rates of disability and mortality.
Predictors of clinical outcome following transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Dautzenberg Lauren , Pals Judith E M , Lefeber Geert J , Stella Pieter R , Abawi Masieh , Emmelot-Vonk Marielle , Koek Huiberdina L 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveIn recent years, transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has become the treatment of choice for patients with symptomatic aortic valve stenosis considered to be at increased or high surgical risk. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of postoperative adverse events in older adults undergoing TAVI.MethodsA prospective observational cohort study of patients who were referred to a geriatric outpatient clinic for a geriatric assessment prior to TAVI was conducted. The outcomes were mortality and hospital readmission within 3 months of TAVI and the occurrence of major postoperative complications during hospitalisation according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. These three outcomes were also combined to a composite outcome. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of the outcomes and composite outcome of adverse events.ResultsThis cohort included 490 patients who underwent TAVI (mean age 80.7±6.2 years, 47.3% male). Within 3 months of TAVI, 19 (3.9%) patients died and 46 (9.4%) patients experienced a hospital readmission. A total of 177 (36.1%) patients experienced one or more major complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification during hospitalisation and 193 patients (39.4%) experienced the composite outcome of adverse events. In multivariate analyses, cognitive impairment was identified as an independent predictor of major postoperative complications (OR 2.16; 95% CI 1.14 to 4.19) and the composite outcome of adverse events (OR 2.40; 95% CI 1.21 to 4.79). No association was found between the other variables and the separate outcomes and composite outcome.ConclusionCognitive impairment is associated with postoperative adverse events in older patients undergoing TAVI. Therefore, it is important to screen for cognitive impairment prior to TAVI and it is recommended to include this in current TAVI guidelines.
Single nucleotide polymorphism scanning and expression analysis of ACSL1 from different duck breeds
Authors: Song Qianqian , Wang Zhixiu , Zhang Hongliang , Li Xiangxiang , Zhang Yang , Xu Qi , Chang Guobin , Zhang Hao , Chen Guohong 
Published: September 2021

Accumulating studies have indicated that the long-chain fatty acyl-CoA1 (ACSL1) gene is related to fat deposition and meat quality in mammals. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between ACSL1 and lipid deposition in ducks. To examine this, we assessed the physicochemical property, homologous alignment, and phylogenetic analyses of the ACSL1 amino acid sequence using bioinformatics tools. The analysis indicated that the ACSL1 amino acid sequence varies in animals, and the duck ACSL1 protein is most closely related to that of chicken. Two single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites were identified at 1749 and 1905 bp of the coding region of ACSL1 by sequencing. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting were used to measure mRNA and protein levels in abdominal fat, breast muscle, and liver tissue of Pekin duck (BD) and Cherry Valley duck (CD). mRNA and protein expression were significantly higher in BD than in CD in abdominal fat and liver tissue (P < 0.05). In breast muscle, the mRNA level of ACSL1 was also significantly higher in BD than in CD (P < 0.05), and protein expression in BD tended to be higher than that of CD. These results suggest that ACSL1 may contribute to lipid deposition and meat quality in ducks.
Factors affecting the use of weather station data in predicting surface soil moisture for agricultural applications
Authors: Acharya Umesh , Daigh Aaron Lee M. , Oduor Peter G. 
Published: September 2021

Weather stations often provide key information related to soil moisture; temperature and evaporation are used by farmers to decide farm operations of nearby agricultural fields. However, the site conditions at the weather stations where data are recorded may not be similar with these nearby fields. The objective of this study was to determine the level of discrepancies in surface soil moisture between weather stations and nearby agricultural fields based on (i) the soil texture, crop residue cover, crop type, growth stages and (ii) temporal dependency of soil moisture to recent rainfall and evaporation rates. Soil moisture from 25 weather stations in the North Dakota Agricultural Weather Network (NDAWN) and 75 nearby fields were measured biweekly during the 2019 growing season in Red River Valley. Field characteristics including soil texture, crop residue cover, crop type, and growth stages along with rainfall and PET were collected during the study period. The regression analysis between surface soil moisture at weather station and nearby field showed higher values for corn at V10 stage (r2 = 0.92) and for wheat at flowering stage (r2 = 0.68) and opposite was observed with soybean. We found the regression coefficient of soil moisture with 4-d cumulative rainfall slightly increased to 0.51 with an increase in percent residue cover resulting in a decreased root mean square error (RMSE) to 0.063 m3·m−3. In general, we observed that surface soil moisture at weather stations could reasonably predict moisture in nearby agricultural fields considering crop type, soil type, weather, and distance from weather station.
Complementary teaching approaches facilitating interdisciplinary soil science education
Authors: Brown Sandra , Fu Guopeng , White Lisa W. 
Published: September 2021

The complementary nature of different teaching approaches in facilitating student learning is rarely discussed in the literature. This study compared diverse teaching approaches in soil science education to explore how a combination of instructional approaches can support student learning. Student perspectives on lectures, problem-based learning, and experiential learning in three upper-level university soil science courses were assessed through student enrolment data and survey responses. Results emphasize the benefits of integrating theory and practice and support the integration of concepts from soil physics, chemistry, and biology within individual courses. All respondents who took two or more courses indicated that the distinct teaching approaches and the integration of soil physics, chemistry, and biology within individual courses were beneficial to their learning. Lectures and problem-based learning were seen as pedagogically reciprocal, with theory supporting the application of knowledge for 75% students, while others noted that having the management course first provided context for learning additional theory. A subset of students (n = 9) indicated the relevance of the interdisciplinary nature of the courses for their current employment. Our findings suggest that combining knowledge-based and competency-based approaches may support both student learning and workforce demands and that diverse teaching approaches can work together to support student learning. The research outcomes call for fellow instructors to diverge from the dichotomy of passive and active learning and to consider the complementary nature of distinct teaching strategies.
Optical Aberrations Correction in Postprocessing Using Imaging Simulation
Authors: Chen Shiqi , Feng Huajun , Pan Dexin , Xu Zhihai , Li Qi , Chen Yueting 
Published: September 2021

As the popularity of mobile photography continues to grow, considerable effort is being invested in the reconstruction of degraded images. Due to the spatial variation in optical aberrations, which cannot be avoided during the lens design process, recent commercial cameras have shifted some of these correction tasks from optical design to postprocessing systems. However, without engaging with the optical parameters, these systems only achieve limited correction for aberrations.
In this work, we propose a practical method for recovering the degradation caused by optical aberrations. Specifically, we establish an imaging simulation system based on our proposed optical point spread function model. Given the optical parameters of the camera, it generates the imaging results of these specific devices. To perform the restoration, we design a spatial-adaptive network model on synthetic data pairs generated by the imaging simulation system, eliminating the overhead of capturing training data by a large amount of shooting and registration.

Moreover, we comprehensively evaluate the proposed method in simulations and experimentally with a customized digital-single-lens-reflex camera lens and HUAWEI HONOR 20, respectively. The experiments demonstrate that our solution successfully removes spatially variant blur and color dispersion. When compared with the state-of-the-art deblur methods, the proposed approach achieves better results with a lower computational overhead. Moreover, the reconstruction technique does not introduce artificial texture and is convenient to transfer to current commercial cameras. Project Page:
https://github.com/TanGeeGo/ImagingSimulation
.
The Wicked “Sons of Eli” and the Composition of 1 Samuel 1–4
Authors: Myers Jaime A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Scholars have struggled to reach consensus about the literary relationship between the anti-Elide material in 1 Sam 2–3 and the so-called “Ark Narrative” in 1 Sam 4–6. I propose a new resolution to this problem. I argue that the two named characters, Hophni and Phinehas, have been introduced secondarily to and independently from the unnamed “sons of Eli” and represent a redactional layer that runs through chs. 1–2, and 4. Before the addition of these characters, the “sons of Eli” designated a generic priesthood associated with the character, Eli. The material about this priesthood is comprised of discrete passages that have been appended to Samuel’s birth story and its extension. The anti-Elide material was later connected to 1 Sam 4 through the addition of Hophni and Phinehas, who serve to recast the Elides’ iniquities as the reason for the Israelite defeat and loss of the ark.
Hazor, Megiddo, and Gezer: Bronze Age Cities in Iron Age Context
Authors: Garfinkel Yosef , Pietsch Michael 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The historical King Solomon has been discussed and debated by many scholars over the years. It is interesting, however, to see that the historicity of the city list of Hazor, Megiddo, and Gezer has been accepted by traditional and more radical scholars alike, who have suggested historical contexts in the 10th, 9th, or 8th century BCE for it. In this article we examine the list from a primarily literary point of view, placing it in the broader context of royal ideology in the ancient Near East and arguing that it may preserve memories of great cities from the Canaanite era.
Kürzlich entdeckte karaimische Übersetzungen der Hebräischen Bibel: Geschichte und Textbeziehung
Authors: Németh Michał 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Recent research results have substantially broadened our knowledge regarding existing translations of the Hebrew Bible into Karaim. In the past few years numerous Biblical texts have been discovered that are among the oldest texts written in this moribund language. In this paper, the author presents the oldest known Karaim texts as well as recently discovered Karaim translations of the entire Tanakh and attempts to draw some preliminary conclusions on the relationship between them. Namely, the textual and stylistic similarities between Biblical manuscripts created separately in Karaim communities located far from one another in the regions of Crimea, Lithuania, Volhynia, and Galicia (including a considerable number of shared errores significativi) highlight the close affinities between these manuscripts and suggest that a common tradition of Bible translation must have existed among the Karaims. Moreover, the textual complexity and the use of sophisticated translation techniques and literary methods in the oldest known texts suggest that they could have been based on older texts or on a well-established oral translating tradition.
The Struggle for Recognition: Adat Law Trajectories under Indonesian Politics of Legal Unification
Authors: Anggoro Syahriza Alkohir , Negara Tunggul Anshari Setia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This article examines the trajectories of adat law in Indonesia by looking at the extent to which legal pluralism has been constitutionalized. This article argues that the formation of the 1945 Constitution, which was driven by the political motivation of legal unification, did not produce inclusive constitutional provisions recognizing the jurisdiction of adat law and enabled practice of legal centralism during authoritarian regimes of Soekarno (1959–1966) and Soeharto (1967–1998). Although post-New Order democratization and decentralization offered political opportunities for indigenous peoples’ movements to promote legal pluralism and reconcile their marginalized traditional rights, Indonesia has made little progress as the conditional recognition approach adopted through constitutional amendments poses significant obstacles for legitimizing adat law norms as part of the plurilegal order. This article offers historical interpretation to the status, position and legal consequences of adat law in Indonesian legal system from its independence until the beginning of reformasi era.
Kairos in Innovation Policy
Authors: Rothgang Michael , Lageman Bernhard 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A kairos constellation designates a temporarily existing opportunity for a group of actors to take advantage of a coincidence of favourable circumstances in order to realise a shared target. Starting from the observation that kairos constellations are ubiquitous in human individual and social life, the research question of this paper is how the Triple Helix and the wider innovation policy research literature deals with such constellations. The authors develop a conceptual framework for kairos constellations and discuss empirical evidence that kairos constellations have been scrutinized in innovation research literature. Then, the concept is applied to an example from the Triple Helix – based cluster policy. The key message of this paper is that Triple Helix researchers should systematically study kairos constellations because they are a critical force in the evolution of innovations systems as well as business firms, which has not yet been systematically examined.
Spirit, Church and Mission
Authors: Liston Gregory J. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This article utilises the methodology of Third Article Theology to explore the church’s missional role in the world. Initially arguing that ecclesiology and missiology are mutually informing doctrines, it develops a dialogical and pneumatological approach for viewing missiology from the vantage point of ecclesiology. This contrasts with and complements the more common approach where missiology is seen as determinative of ecclesiology. The final and major section of the article uses this approach to sketch out the constituent features of the church’s mission, particularly when the Spirit’s role is viewed as primary and constitutive.
Toward a ‘Conditional Universalism’
Authors: Muthukumar Sivasubramanian David 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Moltmann proposes an ‘open universalism’ that overstresses the goodness of God and hence God’s obligation to redeem all of humanity, irrespective of human reciprocity. This leads to his consequent conception of salvation that seems to underplay the traditional understanding of sin and repentance. The purpose of this article is to explore Moltmann’s version of universalism in the light of sin and repentance and to propose that universalism could be a viable doctrine if it is considered not as an automatic rendering but as ‘conditional universalism’ that demands reciprocal response (even post mortem) in terms of human repentance. For this purpose, Gregory of Nyssa’s idea of universalism will be utilized.