bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing solid waste as ‘green energy economy’ in Indiausing renewable energy technologies for sustainable development
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Kumar Verma Sujit 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
During latest time, solid waste production and controlling are main issuesforall worldnations. yet, the conversion technologies are using to createdifferent byproducts like light, heat energy, fertilizer and biogas etc. Energy is animportantmatter for world. Energygain couldshow a factorfor minimization the effect ofurbanWaste onthe atmosphere withmore advantage to provide anenergy source. The waste disposal is morechallenge and highest dependent on liquid fuel has impelled world to continue efforts in forwarding energy formation technologyensuring suitablechanges on one side and energy flexibility on the other side.
In India waste generation rate per person is 0.3 - 0.6 kgs/day, which is estimated to increase at 1.33% annually. As per estimates, about 275000 tons of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is generated per day and this figure could be twice as much by 2030. Estimation exist a power for producingapprox. 1500 MW energy from the municipal solid waste in India and this potential is likely to increase further with economic development. The power production from the specified MSW-RDF gasifier and systemmaximization for energy production from fuel with increased ability to promote extremely minimizing the costing of energy use.
The opportunity of power production in the effective manner of better and mass composition of solid wastecurrent WTE practices and research trends in India well as world, with anaerobic digestion (AD), gasification, heat-based biofuel combined heat and power (CHP) production, and incineration with the definedapproaching of Indian WTE application.
Performance Investigation of Indicated Parameters of a Diesel Blended Engine
Authors: Kukreja Nitin , Gupta Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The significance of the diesel motor for public activity is rising each day. Experience has indicated that the exhibition of interior ignition motor taking a shot at diesel is huge as a camper to some other fuel. The components that are answerable for the smooth working of a motor likewise assume a significant job. This paper investigates the attainability of utilizing four strokes four-chamber diesel motors. The aftereffects of the exhibition of CI Engine by differing the heap are introduced in this paper. The impact of shifting the heap affects execution, outflow, and ignition boundaries. The motor exhibition boundary examined was brake warm productivity, brake explicit fuel utilization, demonstrated force, brake power, volumetric proficiency, energy equilibrium, and wind stream estimation. Results have demonstrated that the brake power increments as the heap’s increments on the four strokes four-chamber motor. The measure of fumes and coolant misfortunes are nearly little at high motor speed and high at low motor speed.
Progresses in Solar Still Technology with Phase Change Material
Authors: Ajit  , Kumar Gupta Naveen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe demand of fresh water is continuously increasing due to frequent rainfalls, shortage of ground water and pollution of natural resources via industrialization. Therefore, solar desalination of available saline and brackish water using solar still is gaining importance among the scientific community for domestic, irrigation and drinking purposes owing to be an economical and sustainable approach of producing fresh water with a simple working principle. Currently, continuous efforts have been made to improve the productivity of solar still by various techniques and configurations. A critical review of solar stills with phase change material (PCM) is presented. This paper highlights the impacts of design specifications along with an economic analysis and the type of PCM material used in recent past. Furthermore, a detailed discussion has been provided on future scope with recommendations to improve the productivity of fresh water for sustainability.
Augmentation in Heat transfer and friction factor of SAH duct using artificial coarseness
Authors: Bharadwaj Gaurav 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The augmentation of heat transfer in case of SAH with smooth collector plate is very low. In this experimental study, an attempt has been made to see the consequences of using artificial coarseness to the underside of the collector plate of SAH. Ribs has been fixed to the collector plate to create roughness at α of 60° and e/D of 0.021 which have been used to provide artificial roughness. The range of RE varies from 4000 to 27000 and p/e from 8 to 16. Nu and f have been evaluated for various roughness parameters. It has also been compared to the polished collector plate for the augmentation in heat transfer and f.
Studies on utilization of different preheated straight vegetables oil in a CI engine
Authors: Gupta Anurag , Ratnakar Kumar , Rao D. Ganeshwar , Kumar Sharma Ajay 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Renewable energy befits as an attractive and sustainable solution to compensate for the imbalance in the supply and demand of fossil fuels. Continuous depletion of fossil fuels, price variations and detrimental effect of greenhouse gas emissions are the burning issues in the current scenario. Non-edible vegetable oil can be considered as a comparable alternative to replace conventional diesel fuel. There are some operational issues with straight vegetable oils (SVOs) such as their less calorific value, higher density and higher viscosity etc. which may be dealt with by adopting an appropriate treatment before combustion. Present study has been undertaken on the use of non-edible oils available in the vicinity of the Institute Research Lab. Oils derived from the seeds of Jatropha and Mahua have been preheated to reduce their high viscosity, surface tension and density for meeting the fuel requirements and to use on engines. Experimental and comparative study about the emission and performance parameters has been carried out on a 3.5 KW diesel engine fuelled with preheated straight vegetable oils and diesel fuel. It has been found that at full load the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of preheated straight vegetable oil is lower by about 8–10% as compared to diesel. Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) has been found comparable to diesel with a variation of approximately 2-5%. Emission components hydrocarbon and carbon mono oxide have been found to be reduced significantly in case of preheated oils. The results support the use of non-edible straight vegetable oils directly on the engine in preheated form without converting them into biodiesel by transesterification process. This research motivates the rural areas of developing countries to become self-reliant in energy production as most of these areas are enriched with huge amount of vegetation which can be used to produce edible and non-edible vegetable oil.
Feasibility Study on Solid Waste to Useful Energy
Authors: Gupta Anurag , Ratnakar Kumar , Rao D.Ganeshwar , Ajay Kumar Sharma 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Solid waste management becomes a major challenge in a country with increasing population and simultaneously striving for economic development. Many studies indicate that solid waste generation rate is influenced to a large extent by the level of industrialisation, habits of public and climatic conditions. Presently world’s more than 50% population resides in urban areas. The outmoded methods used there for solid waste management are neither efficient nor environment friendly. Solid waste may become a precious resource by adapting an appropriate waste management method and the rightly controlling the resulting environmental pollution. It may be converted into an effective fuel to act as the urban sustainable energy of tomorrow. Harnessing the useful energy from the solid waste effectively ultimately would contribute in improving the country’s economy. The fast depleting fossil fuels and their ever-increasing demand further reinforce the importance of energy from alternate sources and if this alternate source is solid waste, it will be like striking two birds with an arrow. The present study focuses on the sustainable treatment of solid waste disposal and explores several methods to harness energy from it. The authors have carried out this study in a University Campus.
A Comparative Study of UWB Micro-strip Antenna for Wireless Communication and RF Energy Harvesting
Authors: Agrawal Neetu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Ultra Wide Band (UWB) is first-class famous technology in recent wireless communication since it affords excessive data rates and excellent high-quality offerings. FCC (Federal Communications Commission) opens a 7.5 GHz spectrum (extending 3.1 GHz - 10.6 GHz) in 2002 for wireless ultra-wide band system [1]. With high data rates of wireless communication technology, UWB is increasingly advancing and the micro-strip antenna is also being developed with bandwidths of 1 to 5%. However, within the ultimate decade, UWB has additionally been proposed as a RF energy harvester. The strategies which enhance bandwidth are one of the popular research areas in patch antenna’s field. The bandwidth is generally described as just a percent of the width of the desired frequency range and the resonant antenna frequencies. Other constraint like return loss, efficient radiation and VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio) are also accustomed to describe the bandwidth of a micro-strip antenna. Several things need to be considered into account in choosing an ideal aerial for Ultra-Wide Band including physical structure, performance and frequency band, and radiation quality and emission pattern.The major issue in UWB antenna system is to achieve only the wide bandwidth with high levels of radiation efficiency and compact size. So several method have been extensively investigated for the wide bandwidth of patch antenna and to optimize the qualities of array antenna, as described in various published articles in this survey paper.
A Review on Augmentation in Thermal Performance of Solar Air Heater
Authors: Gupta Naveen Kumar , Karmveer  , Alam Tabish 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Low thermal efficiency is the remarkable drawback of solar air heaters. They have remarkable importance for low temperature applications. In a solar air heater due to formation of laminar sublayer between absorber plate and the flowing air convection coefficient of heat transfer is small. The laminar sublayer form on the absorber plate can be braked by applying the rib roughness of distinct shape and sizes due to which turbulence in the flowing air increases tremendously due to which friction factor increases between absorber plate and flowing air, resulting in increment in the convection coefficient of heat transfer and pressure drop. Design considerations of solar air heater, rib roughness geometries, fluid flow conditions and their effect on the turbulence, absorber plate temperature, convection coefficient of heat transfer and other thermo-hydraulic augmentation parameters have been minutely discussed. In this review, ongoing research and development on thermo-physical properties of solar air heater and effect of distinct roughness’s over absorber plate on heat transfer augmentation is summarized and to provide viewpoint for future research and development.
Rheological Analysis on Kusum Oil for Sustainable Bolubricant in Electric Vehicle Application
Authors: Kotia Ankit , Khan Ahamad Javvad , Rahath ASM , Kumar Sandesh , Rana Piyush , Chowdary Krishna , Galgat Sagar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Due to the depletion of fossil fuels the prices are increasing sky high and also the pollutants produced from fossil fuels are becoming challenging day by day. Researchers presently focused on bio fuels and bio lubricants to reduce dependence of on fossil. The present study analyzes rheological properties of Kusumoiltoprovideanalternativelubricantforelectricvehicle.Theoilsamples are tested inplainand with MWCNT and Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles. Itwas observed MWCNT and CeO2 made 12% and 10% improvement in viscosity at lower shear rate respectively, however no significant change was observed at higher shear rate. The dispersionofnanoparticles provides reduction inshearthinningbehaviorand hence improvingthelubricationproperties.
Scope for improving the efficiency and environmental impact of internal combustion engines using engine downsizing approach: A comprehensive case study
Authors: Balaji M , Sarfas Mohammed , Vishaal G S Balaji , Madhusudhan G V , Gupta Sikandar , Kanchan Sumit 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Downsizing, decrease of engine size, shows up as a significant method of enhancing fuel utilization of engines while keeping up bit of leeway of low emisions these days in market. The downsizing methodology with turbocharged applications is presently to an ever-increasing extent situated towards fuel economy, because of specific arrangements. The utilization of gasoline direct injection combined with turbochargers gives a few methods of improving aversion to knock particularly at heavy load and lower engine speeds where current PFI motors with forced induction are as yet restricted. In this study we are discussing about the performance, test conditions and emissions with respect to standard naturally aspirated engines. We have also compared various methodologies used for downsizing rather than turbocharging and how they help in overcoming the issues with turbocharging like low boost and turbo lag. Reducing the weight of moving parts like piston and crankshaft, thus reducing the overall weight of engine which increases its efficiency, by 3D printing methods is also studied. Shortcomings and conclusions drawn from the use of various Alternate Fuels and comparisons of various methodologies like Exhaust Gas Recirculation, Water Injection, coupling of a small compressor etc. are recorded and discussed.
Comparative investigation of electronic fuel injection in two-wheeler applications: A Review
Authors: Reddy K Venkata Mohan Krishna , Reddy B Manideep , Reddy K Chandra Sekhar , Kartheek P , Adarsh T Sai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper depicts about electronic fuel injection system for two-wheeler applications which have emerged in recent years and are commercially available. Electronic fuel injection system utilizes both electronic and electrical devices to observe and control engine process. An EFI system is a replacement for carburetor which mixes the air-fuel. EFI injects the fuel directly into an engine’s manifold or in a cylinder with the electronic controls. The types of EFI are: Throttle body injection system in which an injector (throttle-body injector) delivers fuel into the center point inside an intake manifold of the engine, Multipoint injection (also known as PFI (port fuel injection)), injects the fuel into the entry ports at upstream of every chamber’s entry valve, instead of a main issue inside an admission. Direct fuel injection system in which it delivers fuel directly into a single combustion chamber formed in the cylinder space. An electronic fuel injection system provides an opportunity to mix the air-fuel ratio for every cylinder in an accurate manner and simultaneously by controlling the air mass flow rate, by injecting the suitable fuel mixtures, fuel delivery is being controlled from each cylinder. Furthermore, the ignition and injection timings are optimized as well.
A case study on the applications of productivity indices with resources frugality
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Sharma Deepak 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The basic attributes of any industry or a firm are productivity, quality of products, as well as the cost and flexibility of manufacturing systems. Productivity out of all is the most imperative attribute and hence becomes centre of study in the field of Industrial engineering, for the researchers all around the world . This paper presented a study in this same regard through a case study carried out in XYZ Industry. Considered industry comprises many shops like Machine shop, Maintenance shop, Assembly shop and Fabrication shop. Out of these, Maintenance shop and Assembly shop are taken into account for the productivity improvement exercise. Fragile productivity points were identified by analysing the processes that were going on floor area of shops under consideration and hence those processes were exchanged with new ones, exchanged processes implemented practically on floor area and results were obtained . Obtained results are shown in this paper as savings, from which it can be concluded that desired objective of productivity improvements have been achieved. So study presented in this paper gives encouraging consequences by improving the productivity of concerned manufacturing industry.
Applications of Just in Time in Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Agrawal Manoj Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The purpose of assembling organization in current scenario is to provide best quality of output at minimum cost at the correct time. Just in Time (JIT) has been accepted now a day’s worldwide as it has many advantages like more throughput time, higher efficiency and best quality. The objective of this paper is to discuss the key issues and all important principles for understanding the framework of JIT implementation. This paper also shows the techniques and pay off of JIT implementation in manufacturing industry. A structured questionnaire survey is used for JIT fabrication methodology. The thoughts introduced within this paper used JIT fabricating in their associations.
A Review on fusion in Multimodal Biometric Spoofing Attack by Different Materials
Authors: Agarwal Rohit 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Biometric gadgets utilize their physiological or behavioural properties for the confirmation and acknowledgment of people. Spoofing attack can be done by using any spoofing materials. Such features can be arranged into unimodal and multimodal frameworks. Some state-of-the-methods have some drawbacks, which reduce the efficiency of the system. Multimodal biometric detecting frameworks utilize at least two behavioural or physiological attributes. The multimodal system has showed to increase the success rate of identification and authentication meaningfully. Data from different modalities are acquired, pre-handled, removed noise, and contrasted and finally converted into features. At last, selection of features acknowledges the identification of a person. In multimodal biometric identification system, biometric features can club at any of the stages. i.e. sensor level, feature level, score level, rank level, and decision level. This paper presents an effective survey on fusion of features at different level in a multimodal biometric system. It also focuses in the field with a better thoughtful of multimodal biometric sensing and handling systems and research inclinations in this field.
Optimization of Machining Parameters for Turning of Aluminium Alloy-2011 using Taguchi Method
Authors: Singh Pankaj Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Aluminium composites are among the most normally used lightweight metallic materials as they offer different various fascinating mechanical and warm properties. They are reasonably easy to shape metals, especially in material ejection structures, for instance, machining. Aluminium composites have physical properties for good machinability, as far as (cutting apparatus life-more prominent efficiency - low explicit cutting powers.) they have high solidarity to weight proportion. Subsequently, the aluminium composite 2011 is utilized in assembling of Appliance parts and automotive trim, Fasteners and fittings cylinders and funnels. Machining activity on Al alloy 2011 are performed and cutting parameters for example feed rate, depth of cut and shaft speed have been improved for metal removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness by utilizing Taguchi method. CNC lathe machine is utilized for turning activity so as to decide metal removal rate (MRR). The primary target of the present research is to explore the impact of procedure parameters on the presentation of by and large machining procedure and on surface unpleasantness in turning activity utilizing CNC machining of Aluminium composite [Al compound 2011].
Estimation of the thrust coefficient of a Quadcopter Propeller using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Ahmad Faraz , Kumar Pushpendra , Dobriyal Ritvik , Patil Pravin P. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A Quadcopter is a mechatronics device with complex dynamics, because six degree of motion is control by four thrust forces. These thrust force are generated by propellers rotation, driven by DC motors. The main objective of present study is to perform the flow analysis on a Quadcopter propeller, to find out the propeller thrust coefficient (Kt). The flow analysis of Quadcopter propeller is essential as it opposes the gravitational and aerodynamic forces due to the drag and weight mounted on it. So, a 3D CAD model of Quadcopter propeller was designed in Catia and imported to Ansys fluid flow (fluent) module for fluid flow simulation. The flow over propeller was simulated under different angular speed with k-epsilon turbulence model. The obtained results conclude that the designed propeller can generate the required amount of thrust force to lift additional payloads. Furthermore the generated thrust force at different angular speed was used to find out the thrust coefficient. This thrust coefficient will used in developing the mathematical dynamic model of Quadcopter UAV.
Influences of Powder mixed Dielectric Fluid on Machining Characteristics of EDM processed parts: A review
Authors: Singh Bharat 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The effective application of any machining process relies on its ability to machine the part/material with high efficiency and with better surface finish. Electrical discharge machining is considered as a non-conventional method of machining which is well established and is used for the manufacture of parts which have geometrically complex shapes and intricate profiles. This machining technique came out for the process of making dies and mere tools for the other manufacturing process. From several years various researches are going on to ameliorate the process parameters which consists of characteristics such as surface roughness (SR), Material Removal Rate (MRR) and tool wear rate (TWR) etc. One of the process that came up with the advancement in capabilities of the EDM process is Powder Mixed Electrical Discharge Machining (PMEDM). The presence of fine metal particles in the dielectric fluid enhance its properties. It includes the increase in the spark gap between the tool electrode and the work and also the reduction in the insulating strength. This increases the surface finish and material removal rate and the process becomes more stable. The present paper brings in the review of research done by several authors across the world to enhance the capabilities of EDM by adding powder mixed dielectric as working fluid. The behaviour of several powders when mixed with the dielectric fluid (working fluid) have been studied and observed by many researchers.