bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communication: Implementation of biosafety in infection control: a 10-year review
Authors: Uwandu M.O. , Ige F.A. , Okwuraiwe A.P. , Onwuamah C.K. , Audu R.A. 
Published: April 2021

Biosafety is an important issue globally, as a line of defence that protects health personnel, public and the environment from exposure to hazardous agents. Most developing nations have weak health systems and consequently weak biosafety. Engaging in an external quality program such as an accreditation process will help build capacity and competence in all areas. The Centre for Human Virology and Genomics (CHVG) laboratory of the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria started its biosafety program in compliance to international standards stipulated by ISO 15189:2012, in its journey towards laboratory accreditation. Accreditation is widely used to attest for laboratory competence. In the quest for laboratory accreditation, several processes were implemented to ensure compliance, one of which was biosafety. Simple remedial actions and policies that have worked in other climes were applied over a 10-year period in the CHVG laboratory. A significant drop in nonconforming incidences and laboratory accidents was seen while biosafety audits showed improvement in safety practices.
Keywords: Biosafety, Infection control, audit

French Title: Mise en œuvre de la biosécurité dans la lutte contre les infections: un examen décennal
La biosécurité est une question importante à l'échelle mondiale, en tant que ligne de défense qui protège le personnel de santé, le public et l'environnement de l'exposition à des agents dangereux. La plupart des pays en développement ont des systèmes de santé faibles et, par conséquent, une faible sécurité biologique. S'engager dans un programme de qualité externe tel qu'un processus d'accréditation aidera à renforcer les capacités et les compétences dans tous les domaines. Le laboratoire du Centre de virologie humaine et de génomique (CHVG) de l'Institut nigérian de recherche médicale de Lagos, au Nigéria, a commencé son programme de biosécurité conformément aux normes internationales stipulées par ISO 15189: 2012, dans son parcours vers l'accréditation des laboratoires. L'accréditation est largement utilisée pour attester la compétence du laboratoire. Dans la recherche de l'accréditation des laboratoires, plusieurs processus ont été mis en œuvre pour assurer la conformité, dont l'un était la biosécurité. Des mesures correctives simples et des politiques qui ont fonctionné sous d'autres climats ont été appliquées sur une période de 10 ans dans le laboratoire du CHVG. Une baisse significative des incidents non conformes et des accidents de laboratoire a été observée tandis que les audits de biosécurité ont montré une amélioration des pratiques de sécurité.
Mots clés: Biosécurité, Contrôle des infections, audit
Histopathological alterations in gills, kidney and liver of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings exposed to aqueous leaf extract of Desert Date (Balanites aegyptiaca)
Authors: Wakawa A.I. , Audu S.B. 
Published: April 2021

One of the many biomarkers for determining the effects of pollutants on fish is changes in organ histopathology. Leaves of Balanites aegyptiaca have been reported to have phytochemicals with fish anaesthetic property. This study sought to determine the effect of graded acute concentrations (200.00, 250.00, 300.00.350.00 and 400.00 mg/L) of B. aegyptiaca on histopathology of gills, kidney and liver of mixed sex of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. A total of 120 O. niloticus fingerlings (mean weight 23±0.03 g and mean total length 12.50±0.39 cm) were exposed to the plant extract. Paraffin wax method and haematoxylin-eosin staining techniques of tissue processing were adopted for the examination of the gills, kidney and liver. Dose-dependent histopathological changes were observed in the three organs (gills, kidney and liver) i.e. histopathological alterations increase with increase in concentration of the plant extract. Gills showed lamellae fusion, haemorrhage, desquamation, atrophy and secondary lamellae erosion while kidney and liver indicated atrophy, necrosis, haemorrhage, hyperplasia and hypertrophy. Structural alterations were evident in the gills, kidney and liver of O. niloticus fingerlings exposed to the concentrations of aqueous crude leaf extract of B. aegyptiaca therefore it should be used with caution during fish anaesthesia.
Keywords: Histopathology; Gill; Kidney; Liver; Balanites aegyptiaca; Oreochromis niloticus.
Effects of collection zones and storage on hatchability and survival of feral helmeted guineafowl (Numida meleagris galleata pallas) eggs
Authors: Yusuf A.A. , Jayeola O.A. , Osunsina I.O.O. , Dedeke G.A. 
Published: April 2021

The desire to shore up the shortfall in protein supply, the increased awareness of the importance of cholesterol free animal protein, like guineafowl, and the need to conserve their wild genes, have necessitated studies on improved captive breeding of feral helmeted guineafowl. Hence, this study was aimed at determining the effects of ecological zones and storage systems on the guineafowl eggs. Guineafowl eggs (n=214), were collected from identified and monitored-nests within the Kainji Lake National Park (KLNP) and Old Oyo National Park (OONP). Out of 91 eggs collected from KLNP, 32 and 38 were stored at room temperature (RT-21-25°C) and refrigerator (RF-17-20°C), respectively for five days prior to incubation while 21 eggs were not stored (NS-27-29°C), and out of 123 collected from OONP, 70 and 19 were stored for five days prior to incubation at (RT-21-25°C) and (RF-17-20°C), respectively while 34 eggs were (NS- 27-29°C). Prior to incubation, eggs were weighed, the height and width were measured. The process was repeated after incubation for unhatched eggs. Candling was done three days before hatching at day 29 of egg incubation. Embryo status of unhatched eggs was determined by cracking the eggs. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. The NS eggs from Kainji (7.60%) and Oyo (2.01%) had the lowest percentage shrinkage in weight across the three storage systems. The order was reversed in height with RF eggs from Kainji (0.96%) and Oyo (0.46%) having lowest. The least shrinkage in width of eggs from Oyo was recorded in the RF eggs (0.00%) and in NS (0.59%) from Kainji. Eggs candling showed that presumed fertile (opaque) was highest (69.10%) in NS eggs followed by RT (45.00%). There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the hatchability of eggs from the two parks though hatchability (7.60%) of Kainji eggs was higher than those of Oyo (7.40%). Further check on fertilization after incubation showed that RT (37.50%) eggs from Kainji were fertilized but were unable to hatch alive so also was RF eggs (21.10%). The study showed that the eggs sizes vary with ecozones while size of the eggs and storage systems affects hatchability and survival of feral helmeted guineafowl eggs in captivity.
Keywords: Guineafowl; ecozones; storage systems; incubation; candling; hatchability
Prevalence and associated risk factors of malaria infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Yola North, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Enock N. , Pukuma S.M. , Augustine L.M. , Gundiri L.B. , Zamdayu N.M. , Daniel J.L. 
Published: April 2021

This study determined the prevalence and associated risk factors of malaria infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Yola North, Adamawa State, Nigeria, between December 2017 and April 2018. Both direct microscopy and rapid diagnostic test were employed in this study to establish infection. Structured questionnaires were used to collect information from the participants. The study showed that 63 pregnant women were positive for malaria infection out of the 270 sampled. Overall malaria prevalence of 23.3% was recorded during this study. There was no significant association between malaria infection and the clinics sampled (p>0.05). Results have shown that the prevalence was relatively low, and this could be attributed to low transmission rate of malaria during dry season in Adamawa State. In relation to parity, prevalence of malaria were; primigravidae (21.6%), secundravidae (20.0%) and multigravidae (26.7%). Similarly, in relation to gestational age prevalence was first trimester (27.9%), second trimester (25.0%) and thirdtrimester (20.0%). There were no significant associations between malaria infection, parity and gestational age (p>0.05). The age-group 38 ≥ years had highest prevalence while 15-23 years had least. There was no significant association between malaria infection, educational level and occupation (p>0.05). Relating to the participants occupation, prevalence of malaria was reported as 30.0, 22.9 and 23.5% for civil servants, unemployed and business respectively. It is therefore recommended that early attendance and utilization of focused antenatal care services by all pregnant women will reduce the risk of malaria in pregnancy.
Keywords: Risk factors; malaria; pregnant women; antenatal; Yola North.
Growth performance of broiler chickens based on grasshopper meal inclusions in feed formulation
Authors: Amobi M.I. , Saleh A. , Okpoko V.O. , Abdullahi A.M. 
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential benefits of substituting dietary fish meal with grasshopper meal on the growth performance of broiler chickens. The study was carried out in a mini-animal house of the Department of Biological Science, Federal University of Kashere, Gombe State, Nigeria. Seventy-two, 2-weeks old Arbor acres chicken strain were procured from May Farms, Gombe. The grasshoppers were collected using sweep net trapping method. They were oven dried and milled using local milling machine and incorporated into poultry diets by replacing dietary fishmeal at 0% (Control, A), 50% (B) and 100% (C). Each dietary treatment had 24 birds triplicates of eight birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. The birds were randomly allotted into pens demarcated with plywoods. The birds were fed the experimental diets throughout the six weeks period of the experiment and were subjected to similar managerial and dietary conditions during which time data was collected and used to evaluate weekly weight-gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency ratio and linear body measurements monitored. The weight-gain were significantly different (p<0.05) among the treatment groups where birds on Treatment C(1720.11±2.11 g) was highest followed by those on treatment B(1480.00±2.12 g) and the least mean final weekly weight gain of 1,287.98±1.20 g was observed in Treatment A; Also feed intake exhibited the same pattern of weight gain. For linear body measurements, the highest body length increase was recorded in Treatment C (21.39±1.01 cm) while the least was recorded in those on Treatment A, (15.49±1.10 cm). The same trend was observed for body width increase, thigh length increase, shank length increase and wing length increase. This study showed that dietary grasshopper meal promoted growth of broiler chicken and so would conveniently replace dietary fishmeal. Therefore, establishmentof insect farms are highly recommended to produce enough grasshopper meal to meet the demands of poultry feed industries.
Keywords: Arbor acres; growth parameters; dietary grasshopper; chicken body; liner measurement
Abundance and nesting sites characteristics of red-headed picathartes Picathartes oreas in Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Abatcha M. , Odewumi O.S. 
Published: April 2021

This study assessed the abundance and nesting sites characteristics of red-headed picathartes (Picathartes oreas) in protected and unprotected forest in Cross River State, from August 2016 to January 2017. Data were collected through oral interviews, and field observations, using area search and quadrant methods. Data on bird and nest were tested using one-way ANOVA and t-test while tree species diversity indices were calculated using Paleontological Statistics Software Package, version 16. Results revealed that a mean of 38±52 individual bird from six colonies were sighted during the survey. Higher number of 20 (52.63%) individuals from two colonies was recorded in the undisturbed montane rain forest of the Okwangwo Division of the Cross River National Park than the disturbed montane rain forest with 18 (47.37%) individuals from four colonies. A total of 40 (50%; n = 20 each) nests of red-headed picathartes were sighted during the survey around the undisturbed and disturbed montane rain forest respectively. All (100%; n = 40) the nests observed were attached to the south-eastern side of the rocks and all the nests were constructed with mud mixed with grass. Colony Six was on the highest altitude with an elevation of 529 m, followed by colony two with an elevation of 342 m while the lowest elevation was 195 m recorded in colony three. Tree diversity index was higher in the protected forest (3.352; 3.227) than in the unprotected forest (1.846). Characteristic features of Picathartes oreas habitat were rock, hill, valleys and rivers and streams. It was evidenced by the study that Picathartes oreas still nests both in the disturbed and undisturbed forest but the level of disturbance and type of crops grown may have impact on the nesting behaviour. Therefore, anthropogenic activities should be regulated in the area, to ensure the conservation of Picathartes oreas.
Keywords: Picathartes oreas; abundance; nesting sites characteristics; unprotected and protected forest.
DISCIPLINE ANALYSIS, MOTIVATION AND PERFORMANCE
Authors: Patongai Andi Mayasari , Zulhawati  , Setiawan Bambang Moertono 
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this research is to determine wheater discipline, motiation and job performance having high rates on Public Service in MPP Kulon Progo. The respondens are 30 from Samsat Kulon Progo consist of 10 from Satintelkan and 20 from Satlantas. Data use questionnaire with Likert scale for measurement. Queastionnaire consist of 13 for dicipline, 14 for motivation and 10 for job performance. Analysis data use means analysis that compared by normal curve score. This research aims to analyzing the indicators of each dimention with means scales.
The result of the research has evidanced that firmness of disciplines, need for self esteem of motivation and job quantity of job performance have 4.43, 4.47, and 4.70 which highest means, having best category. Justice of diciplines, self actualization of motivation and attitude of job performance have 4.23, 4.25 and 4.53 whisch lowest means, having best category.
The main conclution that can be drawn in this study are disciplines, motivation and job performance officer Polres Kulon Progo in MPP Kulon Progo have been very good for firmsness, self esteem and job quantity also needed enhancement on justice, self actualization and attitude for better public service.
A A Wind Forecasting Model Using Regression and Genetic Algorithm to Solve Economic Dispatch for Evaluating a Hybrid Power System
Authors: Rahman Haidar , Budi Prasetyo Ridwan 
Published: April 2021

In this research, the problem to find an evaluator to determine a location to build the standalone power system can be seen as problem which can be solved with Kernels Regression where, it will receive 2 inputs such as time and wind speed in order to predict the future wind speed. Afterward the obtained predicted wind speed will be converted into potential electrical energy with maximum and minimum energy and we will be using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) to solve the Economic Dispatch (EDC) to see the operational cost when dispatch into the grid. The data was taken from Baron Techno-Park and PLTH Pantai Baru, and will only be using data from the month of September - December since it is the rainy season. Therefore, since significant parameters such as energy per currency will show that operational cost of Baron Techno-Park have the least operational cost then PLTH Pantai Baru, hence the creation of renewable power plants in Baron Techno-Park are suitable and will have a good operational cost justification.
Keywords: Economic Dispatch, Genetic Algorithm, Kernels Regression Standalone Power Plant.
Культурно-историческое значение наследия Иманжусипа
Authors: АЗИ Е , ИМАНЖҮСІП Р , Бекенова А 
Published: April 2021

Когда речь идет о «салах» и «сери», ограничиваются лишь разговорами об их певческом, композиторском, борцовском качествах и их пристрастии к прекрасному полу. Но вопрос кажется в другом. Анализируя их жизненный путь, становитесь свидетелем прекрасной жизни, которая заканчивается трагически. Как можно оценить невзгоды судьбы, которые не обошли стороной ни одного из них? Самого Биржан сала, «известного тремжузам», замучили. Любимого ума. Мади и Иманжусипа в конце концов погубили, сажая за решетку.Если проанализировать историю человечества с самого начала, можно увидеть, что некоторые люди рождаются с необузданным характером и, что их жизнь развивалась иначе, не как у других. Их тоже создал Аллах. Люди, считающие себя умными, считают их беспомощными сумасшедшими. Авторы предполагают, что их особенности заключаются в их особой природе. «Салы» и «Сери» своим разнообразным искусством возвысиликазахскую культуру. Авторы считают, что они внесли свою огромную лепту в продвижение культуры кочевников. В статье рассмотрены размышления на данную тему.
Role of Education for Inculcating Moral Values in New Generation: An Islamic Perspective
Authors: Dr. Abdul Razzaq Azad  , Dr. Musferah Mehfooz  , Hafiz Nasir Ali  
Published: April 2021

Education has been greatly emphasized in Islam. It is an important matter which forms the basis for one’s life direction. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to present the Islamic educational model as a significant instrument to tackle the scary rise of immoral attitude and values in our new generation. From an Islamic perspective, knowledge is gained to actualize and perfect all dimensions of the human being and the highest and most useful model of perfection is the prophet Muhammad (SAW). Education, therefore, is an aspect that is important and must be given special attention so that the person can be molded into a human as best as possible. This paper targets the significance of education for inculcating moral values in the new generation and molding them into the ideal Muslim along with high intellect. The study would also highlight the substantial role of the education system including the academia and curriculum for instilling moral value and Islamic norms into Muslim students. In sum, several suggestions are recommended to strengthen the educational system in Pakistan, and then we could produce a nation that will be the combination of knowledge and practice and the real specimen of morality according to the teachings and main purpose of Islam.
KONSEP AGAMA-AGAMA DALAM MEMBINA KERUKUNAN ANTAR UMAT BERAGAMA
Authors: Kamaluddin Kamaluddin 
Published: April 2021

<p><strong>Abstrak</strong><strong></strong></p><p>Apabila penganut agama memahami secara baik dan benar agama yang dianutnya, dan diamaalkannya pula dengan baik dan benar ajaran agama tersebut, maka sudah dapat dipastikan kerukunan antar umat beragama dapat diwujudkan dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat dan bernegara. Sebaliknya bila pola keberagamaan umat masih bersifat formalisme yang kering dengan nilai-nilai spiritual dan moralis, bukan tidak mungkin agama menjadi salah satu faktor yang mendorong terajdinya komplik di tengah- tengah masyarakat.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Kata Kunci: </strong>Agama, Membina, Kerukunan dan Umat.</p><p> </p><p><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong><strong></strong></p><p><em>If religious followers understand the religion they adhere to properly and correctly, and practice the teachings of that religion properly, then it is certain that harmony between religious communities can be realized in the life of society and the state. In fact, if the religious pattern of the ummah which is formalism is dry with spiritual and moral values, it is not impossible that religion will become one of the factors that encourage the existence of complications in society.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong><em>Religion, Fostering, Harmony and People.</em><em></em></p>
EFEK GAMBIR (UNCARIA GAMBIR/HUNTER ROXB) TERHADAP AKTIVITAS LOKOMOTOR DAN NEUROKOGNITIF PADA TIKUS BETINA MODEL ALZHEIMER
Authors: Fasrini Ulya Uti , Susanti Restu , Lipoeto Nur Indrawaty 
Published: April 2021

GAMBIER (UNCARIA GAMBIR/HUNTER ROXB) ADMINISTRATION IMPROVES LOCOMOTOR ACTIVITIES AND NEUROCOGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN ALZHEIMER’S MODEL FEMALE RATABSTRACTIntroduction: Locomotor activity (LA) disturbance and neurocognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mechanism was suggested through many ways; one of them is the induction of oxidative stress that corrupted hippocampus cortex.Aims: The aim of this study was to determine whether or not the administration of potent antioxidant gambier ca- techin (GDC) to AD model female rat improves locomotion (LA) and cognitive function (CF).Methods: This experimental research was carried out to 12-week-old 25 Sprague dawley AD model female rats with proven CF impairment. Subjects were divided into 5 groups; control negative (N) and positive (P), and catechin groups (AC1, AC2, and AC3), which treated with oral GDC, 20mg, 40mg, and 60mg/200gBW, respectively, for four weeks. LA (total arm entered) and spatial memory were measured before and after treatment using Y-maze based on spontaneous alternation of each groups.Results: There were significant alteration differences in AC2 and AC3 groups (69% and 2%) after 40mg and 60mg/299gBW treatment after 4 weeks.Discussion: 40mg and 60mg/200gBW oral GDC treatment for four weeks improves spatial memory function on AD model female rat, however no significant changes on locomotor activity.Keywords: Alzheimer, catechin, cognitive, gambier, locomotor, ratABSTRAKPendahuluan: Gangguan aktivitas lokomotor dan penurunan neurokognitif pada penyakit Alzheimer diperkirakan terjadi melalui beberapa jalan, salah satunya stres oksidatif yang merusak korteks hipokampus.Tujuan: Mengetahui efek pemberian antioksidan kuat katekin gambir (DKG) pada tikus betina model Alzheimer terhadap pergerakan (aktivitas lokomotor) dan fungsi kognitif.Metode: Penelitian eksperimental terhadap 25 ekor tikus model Alzheimer Sprague dawley betina usia 12 minggu yang sudah terbukti mengalami gangguan fungsi kognitif. Tikus dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu kontrol negatif (N) dan positif (P), serta kelompok katekin (AC1, AC2, dan AC3) yang diberi DKG oral dengan dosis masing-masing 20mg, 40mg, dan 60mg/200gBB selama empat minggu. Dilakukan penilaian uji lokomotor dan memori spasial menggunakan Y-maze pada awal dan setelah perlakuan berdasarkan perbedaan alternasi spontan dari setiap kelompok.Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan alternasi yang signifikan pada kelompok AC2 dan AC3 (69% dan 82%) pascapemberian DKG oral 40mg dan 60mg/200gBB selama empat minggu.Diskusi: Pemberian DKG oral 40mg dan 60mg/200gBB selama empat minggu memperbaiki fungsi memori spasial pada tikus betina model Alzheimer, namun tidak bermakna pada aktivitas lokomotor.Kata kunci: Alzheimer, gambir, katekin, kognitif, lokomotor, tikus