bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Competitive Study on MPPT Techniques Employed in Solar PV Systems
Authors: Suresh Arjun , Resmi R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Integration of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) with photovoltaic (PV) systems is a necessity to track and deliver maximum power available. This paper focuses on comparing the tracking efficiencies of Perturb and Observation method (P&O), Incremental Conductance (IC) and Fuzzy-Logic System based MPPT technique. Change in atmospheric condition such as varying irradiance causes the output power to continuously vary over time. IC as well as P&O based MPPT techniques exhibit poor dynamic responses and so operating points keeps fluctuating. Variation in solar irradiance over a day at constant temperature is given as input to the solar PV module. The algorithm used here implements tracking over the period of a day. All the simulation study are implemented with the use of MATLAB/SIMULINK.
Experimental investigation on the impact of evaporative cooling based battery thermal management system on charging process of valve regulated lead acid batteries in E-bike
Authors: Bhatt Jaydeep M , Ramana P V , Mehta Jignesh R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The thermal behaviour of valve regulated lead acid batteries with an evaporative cooling-based thermal management system is experimentally examined during the charging process of an E-bike. The thermal behaviour of valve regulated lead acid batteries is investigated during charging process with three different cooling strategies: evaporative cooling-based battery thermal management system, pre-cooling + battery thermal management system, and natural convection. The valve regulated lead acid batteries from the OREVA ALISH E-bike were used for testing. A portable evaporative cooling system was built for investigation based on available space on the E-bike. The results show that the developed evaporative cooling-based battery thermal management system kept temperatures between 1.5°C and 2.2°C below ambient during the charging process. The temperature of the battery during the charging process is increased slightly, by 1.6°C during the pre-cooling + battery thermal management system cooling mode. The temperature uniformity among valve regulated lead acid batteries was improved during the charging process with pre-cooling + thermal management system cooling mode.
Significantly reduced leakage current density in Mn-doped BiFeO3 thin films deposited using spin coating technique
Authors: Wani Waseem Ahmad , Naaz Nilofar , Harihara Venkataraman B. , Kundu Souvik , Ramaswamy Kannan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BiFeO3 (BFO) and Mn-doped BFO thin films are prepared on indium tin oxide/glass substrates using wet chemical deposition technique. The role of Mn defects (3% to 10%) on the leakage current density and other physical properties of BFO thin film devices is investigated. The X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the single-phase formation of rhombohedrally distorted BFO thin films. The scanning electron microscopy images approve uniform and crack-free film depositions, which is of great importance to the practical device applications of such materials. The oxidation states are determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These XPS results reveal the presence of multiple valence states of Fe ions (Fe2+, Fe3+) and Mn (Mn3+, Mn4+) ions, which play a decisive role in determining the leakage current density. However, the Mn-doping at the Fe site in BFO reduces oxygen vacancies and Fe2+ states, hence suppressing the leakage current density. The leakage current density is reduced by three orders of magnitude (10−4 – 10−7) A/cm2, upon Mn-doping as clearly demonstrated by J-V characteristics. These results indicate that the primary contributors to the conduction in BFO based thin films are oxygen vacancies and the Fe2+ states in these devices.
Analysis of machine learning algorithms in brain tumour prediction
Authors: Gupta M , Sharma S K , Saxena R , Arora S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The tumour is fundamentally an excessive development of dangerous cells in any part of the body, while a tumour in a brain is an unreasonable development of cancerous cells in the brain. Brain tumour can be either benign or malignant. The benign brain tumour has structural consistency and does not include active (cancer) cells, but the malignant brain tumour has no structure consistency and includes active cells. The primary concern is to segment, detect, and extract the infected tumour area from magnetic resonance images (MRI) which are being performed by radiologists or medical experts, and their accuracy is totally dependent on their experience only. Thus, it becomes very essential to overcome these limitations by the use of artificial intelligence. The current paper uses various machine learning algorithms as well as their features to design a structure to predict brain tumour at an early phase by using different classifiers and comparing their respective accuracy parameters.
A Composite of (95%) La2CoMnO6+ (5%) Ba0.5Na0.5TiO3 : Study of Structural and Dielectric Properties
Authors: Mewada Dharmendra , Katare Rajesh Kumar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This project work reports synthesis, structural and dielectric nature of composite of the type (95%) La2CoMnO6+ (5%) Ba0.5Na0.5TiO3. The composite was characterized at room temperature for structural and dielectric properties. The structural characterization X-ray diffraction was carried for structural confirmation. The XRD data study convey the sample is dual phase in nature evident from the corresponding diffraction peaks. Monoclinic phase was acquired by La2CoMnO6 and the space groupof the phase is P 1 21/n whereas Ba0.5Na0.5TiO3 phase has acquired cubic structure with space group Pm-3m. The frequency dependent dielectric constant examined reveals high dielectric constant which decreases with increase in applied ac field values. Dielectric loss calculated shows the behaviour like dielectric constant which initially decreases abruptly with applied field and later attains frequency independent values. However, the ac conductivity was observed higher in the as synthesized.
Design of solar powered electric vehicle
Authors: Arulious Jora A , Earlina D , Harish D , Sakthi Priya P , Inba Rexy A , Nancy Mary J S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
With the increased trends of industrialization and global economic growth leading to the everchanging petrol prices and other price hikes, private transport system has become a costly affair. All these problems can be addressed with innovation. One of the most feasible solutions is turning towards renewable energies to solve the issues i.e., increasing the use of renewable energies like solar power in the place of fossil fuels. Everyone’s dream of owning a commercially viable solar vehicle is slowly becoming a reality. Electric vehicles are now available at an affordable price. This opportunity is taken towards the design of a Solar powered two-wheeler. Designing a solar vehicle is a multidisciplinary subject that covers the broad and complex aspects from various subjects. In the designed vehicle, solar panel is used as the power source and developed voltage, stored in the battery, is used to the drive the permanent magnet DC motor which drives the rear wheel of the vehicle.
Metamaterial inspired multi-split square shaped printed antenna for WLAN applications
Authors: Imaculate Rosaline S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper describes the design of a compact dual band microstrip antenna based on metamaterial inspired split ring radiating element and a complementary spilt ring resonator (CSRR). The antenna has a very compact dimension of 20×20×0.8 mm3. It covers the 2.5/5.2/5.8 GHz frequencies, pertaining to IEEE 802.11 b/g/a standards suitable for WLAN applications with a -10dB impedance bandwidth of 250 MHz and 860 MHz. The CSRR creates a negative permittivity region, thus providing miniaturization of the antenna and the introduction of additional split gaps in the radiating element creates a positive permeability within the desirable frequency range, yielding better impedance matching. The negative properties of those structures are verified using S-parameter retrieval method. A prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated and the measured results are fairly in good agreement with the simulation results. Dipole like radiation patterns are observed at both the operating frequencies. The measured peak gains are 0.58 dBi, 1.27 dBi and 2.10 dBi at 2.5, 5.2 and 5.8 GHz respectively.
Development of Fast charging system with ZVS integrated with Fuzzy controller-based Hybrid renewable energy source
Authors: Niharika Raghunath , Pavan K M Sai , Manitha P V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Climate change is a growing concern due to greenhouse gas emission and transportation has increased the requirement for various energy sources with limiting and less pollution. But with the establishment of more electric vehicles on the road, charging EV’s will be difficult if the grid is used. When many numbers of electric vehicles are integrated to the grid, it will inevitably have a huge effect on its function and control. Hence, there is a requirement for an effective charging system for electric vehicles using renewable energy sources. Solar energy is renewable and green, but the volatile nature of energy from the Photo-Voltaic (PV) system and dynamic charging requirement of electric vehicles has added new problems to the effective charging of EV from these sources. The Solar powered charging station with battery storage system is a better solution for this problem. The power is transferred from the AC grid to the DC link when there is a depletion of power from solar. This paper deals with DC level 1 fast charger to charge an electric vehicle with phase shifted full bridge converter as a main charging topology which is able to deliver the load of 50KW to charge the electric vehicle. To maintain a constant voltage at the output of the boost converter connected to the solar panel, a fuzzy controller is also developed in the proposed system
Application of nano molybdenum trioxide in thermal storage and photocatalysis
Authors: Thekkethil Athira Jayaprakash , Sreekuttan Swathi , Madhavan Asha Anish 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The thermal energy storage (TES) in phase change materials (PCMs) plays an important role in energy management systems. Paraffin has found wide range of applications as a PCM due to its unique thermal and physical properties. The present study reports about the synthesis of MoO3 nanomaterials using chemical method. MoO3 nanomaterial was diffused into paraffin wax in 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 weight percentages and thermal analysis was conducted. It was observed that 1.5 wt % doped PCM showed best enhancement in thermal performance with 20.28% and 35.71% improvement in heating and cooling cycles. The photocatalytic activity of synthesized nanocomposite was also evaluated by degradation of methylene dye under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic degradation effectiveness of as synthesized nanocomposites has showed high photodegradation efficiency (93.83 %) of methylene blue under visible light radiation.
A Novel Current Sensor less MPPT based Approach for PV Applications Using PSO Technique
Authors: Kumar Vinay , Kumar T Naveen , Prajwal K T 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
As an increased demand in power resources and to reduce global warming, Renewable Energy Sources (RES) are preferred over the conventional sources. Among various available RES, solar energy is the effective and efficient one. The solar energy is also clean and free energy. The use of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is the one of the techniques to get maximized output power from the Photo Voltaic (PV) system. The proposed method uses a voltage sensor by eliminating the need of current sensor based on selected technique using Partial Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique interfaced with DC-DC boost converter. PSO technique is one of the methods which has high conflux speed, to precisely track the maximum power. The result of the planned methodology is studied with the assistance of an acceptable simulation applied in MATLAB/Simulink setting for experiment to valid of microcontroller which is employed. The result obtained from the simulations studies showed that current sensor less methodology using PSO technique can extract the maximize power from PV systems.
Doping two boron atoms in germanene nanoribbons in an external electric field
Authors: Ngoc Hoang Van , Trang Trieu Quynh , Xayyadeth Air , Ha Chu Viet 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Germanene is a two-dimensional system made of germanium atoms, its configuration is hexagonal honeycomb. Germanene nanoribbons (GNRs) are one-dimensional systems made from germanene with hydrogen-modified edges. The GNRs configuration studied here consists of 12 germanium atoms and 4 hydrogen atoms per unit cell. This work investigated the doping of two boron atoms into the unit cell of GNRs. Changing the different doping sites produces different configurations, the configurations been studied as meta-configuration, para-configuration, and ortho-configuration. By using density functional theory (DFT), the formation energies, energy band structures, and density of states of the configurations are studied. The ortho-configuration for the formation energy is the smallest, so this configuration is the most stable. The appearance of an external electric field changes the band gap and the energy band structure of the system.
A Novel Fast Hybrid Frequency Domain Approach for Evaluating Harmonic Power Flow in Electricity Networks
Authors: Krishna Praveen D , Vali ShaikHussain , Rafi Vempalle 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Ideally, an AC power supply should constantly provide a perfectly sinusoidal voltage signal at every customer location. Nowadays, many power electronic equipment’s are used in industry in seeking higher system reliability and efficiency and more electronic or microprocessor controllers are used in power system to control AC/DC transmission lines or loads. Moreover, the importance of green energy such as wind and solar is continually growing in our societies not only due to environmental concerns but also to resolve the problem of access to electricity in rural areas. As a result of these issues, power quality problems especially generation of harmonics are on the rise in the distribution network. In electrical power system, harmonics have a number of undesirable effects on power system devices as well as on their operation. It therefore becomes imperative for power system engineers to analyse the penetration of harmonics from the various sources into the network which commonly is known as harmonic power flow evaluation. This paper proposed a novel fast hybrid frequency domain approach (FHA) to evaluate the steady state harmonic power flow with discrete harmonic frequency. The proposed method is applied to IEEE – 14 bus, IEEE New England 39 - bus, IEEE – 57 bus and IEEE 118 - bus power system respectively and compared with Newton – Raphson (NR) load flow method and Fast decoupled load flow method (FDLF) and the results validate the accuracy, robustness and authenticity of the proposed method.
Optimal value of Economic Load Dispatch using Swarm Algorithm
Authors: Sravan Kumar B , Vali ShaikHussain , Rafi Vempalle , Nageswara Reddy G 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper space reduction particle swarm optimization(SRPSO) is proposed for solving single-objective optimization problems. Minimization of cost is considered as an objective in the economic dispatch problem. The valve point loading effect is incorporated with the cost function which transfigures to the nonlinear problem. To improve the convergence speed, space reduction is essential and parameter variation keeps away the struck of local optima. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) emphasizes global search and is encountered as a stochastic population-based method. The proposed method is validated on a 26 bus system with 6 generators and the performance results are compared with the other existing techniques.
Multiview Running and Walking Gait Analysis using the First and Third Person Data
Authors: Malik Nikita , Majumdar Sudipta 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Gait recognition, which allows to recognise someone from a distance, has a lot of applications. The gait of a person is commonly used as a biometric approach to identify or categorise them by gender and age. Biometric systems are a fast-growing subject that necessitates the development of creative solutions to problems that have plagued previous attempts. By initially looking at the design of a gait detection system, two different types of gait datasets have been reported and presented in this paper. While running at the same time, the first person (FP) data containing the camera motion gathered from the movement of the volunteer’s body and the third person (TP) data captured from a distant view were recorded. The dataset contains a total of 23 participants (14 males and 9 females). The discussion is expanded to include a comparison of the results obtained using TP and FP data, as well as an examination of the physiological motions recorded while running and walking.
A Novel Approach for Image Denoising and Performance Analysis using SGO and APSO
Authors: Gupta V MNSSVKR , Murthy KVSS , Shiva Shankar R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Image denoising is essential to extract the information contained in an image without errors. A technique of using both wavelets and evolutionary computing tools is proposed to denoise and to improve the image quality. An adaptive thresholding-based wavelet denoising technique in the threshold function is coordinated by novel social group optimization (SGO) and accelerated particle swarm optimization (APSO) is proposed. The simulation oriented experimentation is taken out employing MATLAB and the analysis is carried out using the image property metrics similar to peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR), mean square error (MSE) and other structural similarity index metrics (SSIM).
Design and simulation of 60kWp solar on-grid system for rural area in Uttar-Pradesh by “PVsyst”
Authors: Kapoor Sarang , Sharma Arvind Kumar , Porwal Deepak 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The load demand is increasing rapidly, with limited coal fired plants. In this situation, many researchers are trying to find a way through which, we can make the balance between energy demand and supply for the consumers. The renewable energy sources are gaining popularity as green, clean, and abundant sources of energy. Solar energy is available throughout the year in India and thus provides an alternate source of energy to fulfil the local load demand. The function of solar PV system, depends on the numerous factors i.e. site location, qualities of material to make system components and accessibility of solar radiation etc. In previous research work, many simulation based analysis have been done through PV-syst software package by considering solar photovoltaic system at different sites around the world. In this proposed paper, we are designing and simulating a “60kWp solar power plant” which is basically an on-grid type solar photovoltaic system by PV-syst software version 7.2.2 in rural area of Uttar-Pradesh, India. This analysis has been done for seasonal tilt angles i.e. 10° for summer season and 47° for winter season. Later on, detailed performance study and various losses descriptions are summarized in upcoming segments for the proposed system.
Analysis of critical issues in retrofitting of ICE vehicles
Authors: Darekar Rajlaxmi , Gawande Neha , Karkaria Vispi , Karandikar P B 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Vehicle population is increasing at an alarming rate causing cities, and towns to suffer air pollution due to inefficient engines. Every year millions of vehicles are being manufactured and scrapped. Disposal or scrapping of vehicles before their useful life is not a good option. All the parts and systems of a vehicle wear out at different rates. By employing this technology of retrofit for the next 10 to 15 years, the owners will be able to contribute to society by decreasing input energy for massive automobile industries. Based on the life span of automobile parts a range of age has been found in this research at which retrofit can be carried out. In this research, cost analysis of vehicles has been carried out which shows a decrease in performance with increased maintenance, repair, and replacement cost. A mathematical model has been created for performance and cost. The minima of this mathematical model are known as retrofit age. It has been shown in this research that the time has come to adopt this technology, due to inadequate recycling of automobile parts, limited processing plants, and limited scraps yard. For this study, Honda Activa 5G, Bajaj pulsar 500, and Maruti Baleno has been considered.
Design Optimization of Bullock Cart Yoke
Authors: Hombalmath Mahesh M , Mathad Manoj A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Since from ancient times weight of bullock cart is concentrated on the neck of the bullock reducing its efficiency. This paper presents various design of the yoke structure for the cart and its analysis whose aim is to reduce the stress acting on the single point i.e. on the neck of the bullock. The stress needs to be distributed over the entire body of the bullock instead of concentrating only on the neck. This paper gives an idea of how the stress is distributed on the bullock and the deflection of the yoke corresponding to the load. The design iterative process is based on the presently used bullock cart yoke structure. This paper also includes the design concepts which provide cushioning at the contact of the wooden frame to the bullock. The best design is then selected based on the structural behaviour for particular boundary and loading conditions. The modelling is done in SOLIDWORKS 2017 software and simulated/analysed using ANSYS 18.2 software.
Synthesis of Fe:Ag nanocomposites and their anti-bacterial activities
Authors: Nigam Anju , Rawat Pooja , Kala Shubhra 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The present study reports the synthesis of Fe:Ag composite nanoparticles by green approach, utilizing Urtica dioica leaves extract, as reducing and capping agent for the metal sources. Formation of composite phases found to depend on the salt sources, which provides different ion species in the reaction mixture. The formation of crystalline nanoparticles having cubic structure was confirmed by XRD analysis. Ag rich crystalline nanoparticles were found to disperse in the oxidized Fe matrix by high resolution transmission microscopic studies. XPS analysis revealed the presence of Fe of in 0, +2, and +3 valance states and Ag in Ag+1 and Ag° states. The synthesized nanoparticles were found to show notable antibacterial activity against the gram negative pathogen E. Coli and gram positive pathogen S. aureus.
Effect of Al2O3-MoS2 on hardness and wear loss of Al-6061 hybrid metal matrix composite
Authors: Suchendra K R , Sreenivasa Reddy M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Aluminium Composites are presently conquering their massive practice in aerospace, marine, automobile and other industrial applications due to their vital properties such as better strength, light weight etc. The main Purpose the present research is to investigate the role of Al2O3-MoS2 on Al6061 Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs). Composites with varying weight percentages of reinforcements like Al2O3 (3, 6 and 9%) and MoS2 (3, 6 and 9%) manufactured by using stircasting method. The result shows that uniform dispersal of reinforcements with in the matrix. Increasing the wt. % of Al2O3-MoS2 in Al6061 leads to improve in hardness and exhibits the better wear resistance of the composites. SEM analysis reveals the Al6061 alloy shows the deepest and widest wear tracks and whereas in hybrid composite (Al6061/Al2O3/MoS2), width and depth of wear tracks are considerably smaller which leads to improve the wear resistance