bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversal of left-sided colostomy utilizing single-port laparoscopy a multicenter European audit and overview of the literature
Authors: van Loon Y. T. , Clermonts S. H. E. M. , Belgers E. H. J. , Kurihara H. , Spinelli A. , Joshi H. M. , Gorissen K. J. , Zimmerman D. D. E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundStoma reversal surgery can result in considerable morbidity and even mortality. Feasibility of utilizing single-port laparoscopy through the stoma fenestration have been shown before. Aim of the present observational study is to evaluate multicenter experiences of single-port reversal of left-sided colostomy (SPRLC) throughout Europe and to provide an overview of available literature on this topic.MethodsAll patients undergoing SPRLC in four different teaching hospitals throughout Europe are included. Primary outcome was 30-day postoperative complication rate. Secondary outcomes were postoperative length of stay (LOS), single-port success rate and conversion rates. Appraisal of the available literature in PubMed was performed.ResultsOf 156 SPRLC procedures, 98.7% of them were technically successful and 71.8% were without postoperative complications. No postoperative mortality was encountered. Superficial site infection occurred in 14.7%, anastomotic leakage in 3.9% and major complications in 8.3%. Median LOS was 4.0 days (1–69), single-port success rate was 64.7%, 12.8% and 21.2% (33/154) were converted to an open and multiport laparoscopic procedure, respectively. Literature shows equally favorable results in 131 patients divided over 5 cohorts with morbidity ranging from 0 to 30.4% and mortality from 0 to 2.2% and median LOS of 4–8 days.ConclusionThis study confirms the safety, feasibility and favorable results of the use of single-port approach in the reversal of left-sided colostomy in different centers in Europe with laparoscopic experienced colorectal surgeons. The available literature on this topic support and show equally favorable results using single-port laparoscopy for left-sided colostomy reversal surgery.
The impact of splinting timepoint of mobile mandibular incisors on the outcome of periodontal treatment—preliminary observations from a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Sonnenschein Sarah K. , Ciardo Antonio , Kilian Samuel , Ziegler Philipp , Ruetters Maurice , Spindler Marcia , Kim Ti-Sun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objectives
To compare the outcome of periodontal parameters in mobile mandibular incisors which were splinted before or after full-mouth disinfection (FMD).

Materials and methods
Thirty-four periodontitis patients with ≥ 1 mobile mandibular incisor (mobility degree II/III, clinical attachment loss (CAL) ≥ 5 mm, relative bone loss ≥ 50%) were randomly allocated to group A or B. Patients received periodontal treatment (PT) including splinting of teeth 33–43 before (A) or after FMD (B). Patient (age/sex/smoking status/systemic diseases/number of teeth) and tooth-related parameters (mean probing pocket depth (PPD)/CAL/oral hygiene indices; for the overall dentition and region 33–43) were assessed prior to PT and 12 months after FMD by a blinded examiner. Therapy-related information was added (group/antibiotic therapy/surgical intervention).

Results
Twenty-six patients (A: 12; B:14) were re-examined. Two patients of group B did not need splinting after FMD because of reduction in mobility after FMD. Regression analysis revealed a positive association of antibiotic therapy with CAL_overall, PPD_overall, and PPD_33-43 (p ≤ 0.01). There is a trend toward a higher reduction of periodontal parameters at teeth 33–43 in group A (PPD_33-43: − 0.91 vs. − 0.27 mm; CAL_33-43: − 1.02 vs. − 0.47 mm).

Conclusions
Teeth splinted before or after FMD show a significant improvement in periodontal parameters 12 months after FMD. Splinting after FMD offered the option to detect reduction in mobility.

Clinical relevance
Despite a higher, but not statistically significant, improvement in periodontal parameters on teeth splinted before FMD, the results do not indicate which timepoint of splinting is more beneficial. The decision for the therapeutic procedure should therefore be made individually.
Domestic cats (Felis catus) prefer freely available food over food that requires effort
Authors: Delgado Mikel M. , Han Brandon Sang Gyu , Bain Melissa J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractContrafreeloading is the willingness of animals to work for food when equivalent food is freely available. This behavior is observed in laboratory, domesticated, and captive animals. However, previous research found that six laboratory cats failed to contrafreeload. We hypothesized that cats would contrafreeload in the home environment when given a choice between a food puzzle and a tray of similar size and shape. We also hypothesized that more active cats would be more likely to contrafreeload. We assessed the behavior of 17 neutered, indoor domestic cats (Felis catus) when presented with both a food puzzle and a tray across ten 30-min trials. Each cat wore an activity tracker, and all sessions were video recorded. Cats ate more food from the free feed tray than the puzzle (t(16) = 6.77,p < 0.001). Cats made more first choices to approach and eat from the tray. There was no relationship between activity and contrafreeloading, and there was no effect of sex, age, or previous food puzzle experience on contrafreeloading. Our results suggest that cats do not show strong tendencies to contrafreeload in the home environment, although some cats (N = 4) ate most food offered in the puzzle or showed weak contrafreeloading tendencies (N = 5). Eight cats did not contrafreeload. Cats who consumed more food from the puzzle, consumed more food in general, suggesting a relationship between hunger and effort. Further research is required to understand why domestic cats, unlike other tested species, do not show a strong preference to work for food.
Factors Impacting Video Telehealth Appointment Completion During COVID-19 Pandemic Among People Living with HIV in a Community-Based Health System
Authors: Ennis Nicole , Armas Laura , Butame Seyram , Joshi Hemali 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAs the threat of COVID-19 on vulnerable populations continues, mitigation protocols have escalated the use of telehealth platforms, secure 2-way video platforms with audio capabilities. The goal of the current study was to examine factors associated with successful completion of video telehealth appointments in HIV care. We utilized a random effects logistic model to assess characteristics of patient encounters that predicted completed telehealth visits. Results show that factors such as identifying as black (AOR = 0.30, 95% CI 0.23–0.40, p < 0.01), identifying as heterosexual (AOR = 0.40, 95% CI, 0.29–0.55, p < 0.01), identifying as Hispanic/Latinx (AOR = 0.67, 95% CI, 0.48–0.95), having public insurance (e.g., Ryan White funding, Medicare/Medicaid) (AOR = .25, 95% CI 0.19–0.33, p < .001), and having detectable viral load (AOR = .049, 95% CI, 0.31–0.76) are negatively associated with completion of telehealth appointments. Results suggest that greater efforts to address the digital divide are needed to increase access to video telehealth.
Insights on the supramolecular polymorphism of poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate) rod-like peptides from atomistic molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Dattola Giovanna , Zerbetto Mirco 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis work reports an all-atom molecular dynamics study of the first stages of aggregation of poly($$\gamma$$
γ
-benzyl-L-glutamate)—PBLG—polymers end-capped with C60. PBLG self-assembles in water and shows polymorphism when specific changes in the molecular structure are made. Three variants of PBLG are compared, which differ for the location of the C60 moiety: N-terminus, C-terminus, or both. The aim of the computational experiments was to rationalize the key molecular properties that are relevant to the supramolecular polymorphism. Single-peptide simulations in tetrahydrofuran and in water allowed to quantify the strength of the self-assembly driving force in terms of the overall order parameter of the phenyl rings that are “coating” the peptides. Two-peptide simulations for the singly capped peptides showed that two kinds of aggregates can be formed: one “slow” thermodynamically more stable, and one “fast” kinetically favoured. These first-stage aggregates are interpreted as the seeds leading to different self-assemblies.
Graphical abstract
Metainferences from a Proof-Theoretic Perspective, and a Hierarchy of Validity Predicates
Authors: Golan Rea 
Published: July 2021

AbstractI explore, from a proof-theoretic perspective, the hierarchy of classical and paraconsistent logics introduced by Barrio, Pailos and Szmuc in (Journal o f Philosophical Logic, 49, 93-120, 2021). First, I provide sequent rules and axioms for all the logics in the hierarchy, for all inferential levels, and establish soundness and completeness results. Second, I show how to extend those systems with a corresponding hierarchy of validity predicates, each one of which is meant to capture “validity” at a different inferential level. Then, I point out two potential philosophical implications of these results. (i) Since the logics in the hierarchy differ from one another on the rules, I argue that each such logic maintains its own distinct identity (contrary to arguments like the one given by Dicher and Paoli in 2019). (ii) Each validity predicate need not capture “validity” at more than one metainferential level. Hence, there are reasons to deny the thesis (put forward in Barrio, E., Rosenblatt, L. & Tajer, D. (Synthese, 2016)) that the validity predicate introduced in by Beall and Murzi in (Journal o f Philosophy, 110(3), 143–165, 2013) has to express facts not only about what follows from what, but also about the metarules, etc.
Factors contributing to prefixation of biaspectual verbs in Croatian
Authors: Kolaković Zrinka 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOne of the distinctive features of Slavic verbs is their aspectual morphology: typically each finite and non-finite form of a verb has a constant aspectual value: either perfective (PFV) or imperfective (IPFV). Nevertheless, in all Slavic languages, besides these prototypical verbs with only one assigned aspectual value, there are also verbs with underspecified aspectual value, usually called biaspectual verbs (BVs).As argued in the literature, on the sentence level such verbs have the potential to express both aspectual values, PFV and IPFV, without any further aspectual affixation. However, some scholars assert that the intended aspectual value of such verbs can rarely be unambiguously signaled. To resolve the ambiguous aspectual value, native speakers often provide additional context signals or derive a new aspectually defined verb to indicate the intended aspectual value. The latter possibility has been addressed in numerous papers, but mainly with the goal of detecting the (most common) prefixes used in this process.This study aimed to examine the patterns behind BV prefixation in Croatian. In order to detect factors with a statistically significant impact on prefixation of BVs in Croatian, a random stratified sample of 237 Croatian BVs (BVs of Slavic origin and biaspectual borrowings) was compiled. The data regarding the existence of perfective derivatives were extracted from three different corpora of contemporary Croatian and one subcorpus: the Croatian National Corpus, the Croatian Language Repository, and the Croatian Web Corpus and its subcorpus Forum, and afterwards analyzed using R software with the help of the lme4 package.The results obtained with the generalized linear mixed model revealed five factors statistically significant for prefixation of BVs in Croatian, which can be attributed to the lexical (semantical), morphological and sociolinguistic domains.
Risk aversion for losses and the Nash bargaining solution
Authors: Peters Hans 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe call a decision maker risk averse for losses if that decision maker is risk averse with respect to lotteries having alternatives below a given reference alternative in their support. A two-person bargaining solution is called invariant under risk aversion for losses if the assigned outcome does not change after correcting for risk aversion for losses with this outcome as pair of reference levels, provided that the disagreement point only changes proportionally. We present an axiomatic characterization of the Nash bargaining solution based on this condition, and we also provide a decision-theoretic characterization of the concept of risk aversion for losses.
To hop or not, that is the question: Towards effective multi-hop reasoning over knowledge graphs
Authors: Liao Jinzhi , Zhao Xiang , Tang Jiuyang , Zeng Weixin , Tan Zhen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWith the proliferation of large-scale knowledge graphs (KGs), multi-hop knowledge graph reasoning has been a capstone that enables machines to be able to handle intelligent tasks, especially where some explicit reasoning path is appreciated for decision making. To train a KG reasoner, supervised learning-based methods suffer from false-negative issues, i.e., unseen paths during training are not to be found in prediction; in contrast, reinforcement learning (RL)-based methods do not require labeled paths, and can explore to cover many appropriate reasoning paths. In this connection, efforts have been dedicated to investigating several RL formulations for multi-hop KG reasoning. Particularly, current RL-based methods generate rewards at the very end of the reasoning process, due to which short paths of hops less than a given threshold are likely to be overlooked, and the overall performance is impaired. To address the problem, we propose , a revised RL formulation of multi-hop KG reasoning that is characterized by two novel designs—the stop signal and the worth-trying signal. The stop signal instructs the agent of RL to stay at the entity after finding the answer, preventing from hopping further even if the threshold is not reached; meanwhile, the worth-trying signal encourages the agent to try to learn some partial patterns from the paths that fail to lead to the answer. To validate the design of our model , comprehensive experiments are carried out on three benchmark knowledge graphs, and the results and analysis suggest the superiority of over state-of-the-art methods.
The Political Integration of Immigrants: How Pre- and Postmigration Contexts Matter
Authors: Dollmann Jörg 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study examines the political integration of immigrants in Germany and asks whether immigrants and their descendants show similar rates of political participation and expression of political attitudes as the population without an immigrant background. Furthermore, the study focusses on the pre- and postmigration context of immigrants and analyses whether immigrants differ in their level of political integration depending on (1) whether they come from more or less authoritarian regimes and (2) whether they have experienced discrimination in the receiving context. Using data from CILS4EU-DE, with a large representative sample of (children of) immigrants and non-immigrants in Germany, we observe differences in the political integration between immigrants and non-immigrants only on the attitudinal level, with immigrants showing lower levels of political trust but also slightly higher levels of satisfaction with the democratic system in Germany. When focussing on the effects of the pre- and the postmigration context, we observe differential results for the behavioural and attitudinal dimension: when immigrants stem from more authoritarian countries as well as when they have experienced more discrimination in the receiving context, this seems to mobilise respondents with respect to their political behaviour; however, it results in lower levels of political integration on the attitudinal dimension.
The comprehensive inventory of thriving: a systematic review of published validation studies and a replication study
Authors: Sorgente Angela , Zambelli Michela , Tagliabue Semira , Lanz Margherita 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this study we sought to collect evidence regarding the validity of the Comprehensive Inventory of Thriving (CIT), systematically reviewing studies that tested its psychometric properties (Study 1) and trying to replicate validity evidence collected across previous validation studies (Study 2). We found five studies that tested the validity of CIT scores through the collection of different kinds of evidence (score structure validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity, criterion-related validity, incremental validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability). Results were often inconsistent across studies (especially for the score structure validity evidence). Using a sample of 483 Italian participants (63.0% female; aged 18–71 years), we replicated the tests performed in the previous validation studies. Findings suggest that the best fitting model is the one that (1) adds the overarching latent construct of thriving, which can be measured using the total scale score; and (2) merges the Skills and Flow factors in just one factor, named “Skills for Flow”. At the same time, the different kinds of validity evidence collected both in previous validation studies and in the current replication study indicate high overlap among thriving sub-dimensions and poor validity evidence. We concluded that the CIT in its present form is not an adequate instrument to assess thriving, thus mono-dimensional scales (e.g. Brief Inventory of Thriving) should be currently preferred. Suggestions to develop a multi-dimensional scale measuring thriving (both using a theory-driven approach or a data-drive approach) are discussed.
Not a matter of quantity: quality of relationships and personal interests predict university students’ resilience to anxiety during CoViD-19.
Authors: Nola Marta , Guiot Cecilia , Damiani Stefano , Brondino Natascia , Milani Roberta , Politi Pierluigi 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDuring the CoViD-19 pandemic, University students may have suffered from increased anxiety due to interferences in their relationships and in academic requirements, as didactic activities have moved to distance learning systems. However, being surrounded by supportive relationships and being motivated to cultivate personal interests might have decreased anxiety. In this pilot study, we collected the responses of 174 students from Italian University merit colleges to an online questionnaire, investigating their perceived anxiety, the quality of surrounding relationships, whether they were cultivating any personal interests and whether they had spent the period of lockdown in college or at home. Regression analyses indicated that both quality of relationships and personal interests predicted low levels of anxiety (p < 0.001). However, simple slope analyses showed that personal interests were negatively related to anxiety only at medium and high quality of relationships (p < 0.001), while no association was found at low quality of relationships. No differences were found between students who stayed in college or at home. These results suggest that Universities should promote accessibility to relationships and cultivation of personal interests to protect students’ mental health during mass emergencies such as the current pandemic, in the perspective of improving community resilience.
Taxonomic, Temporal, and Spatial Variations in Zooplankton Fatty Acid Composition in Puget Sound, WA, USA
Authors: Hiltunen Minna , Strandberg Ursula , Brett Michael T. , Winans Amanda K. , Beauchamp David A. , Kotila Miika , Keister Julie E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFatty acid (FA) content and composition of zooplankton in Puget Sound, Washington (USA) was studied to investigate the nutritional quality of diverse zooplankton prey for juvenile salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) in terms of their essential fatty acid (EFA) content. The study focus was on eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and arachidonic acid (ARA) as these are key FA needed to maintain growth and development of juvenile fish. The different zooplankton taxa varied in their FA composition. Much of the variation in FA composition was driven by 18:1ω9 (a biomarker of carnivory), ARA, DHA, and FA characteristic of diatoms, which are linked to zooplankton diet sources. Gammarid and hyperiid amphipods contained the highest amount of EFA, particularly the gammarid amphipod Cyphocaris challengeri, while shrimp and copepods had much lower EFA content. Crab larvae, which are important prey for juvenile salmon in Puget Sound, had intermediate EPA + DHA content and the lowest DHA/EPA ratio, and were rich in diatom biomarkers. Temporal and spatial trends in zooplankton lipids were less apparent than the taxonomic differences, although the EFA content increased from spring to summer in Cancridae zoeae and the amphipod C. challengeri. These results on taxon-specific EFA content provide baseline information on the nutritional quality of zooplankton that can be applied in food web models. Combining zooplankton fatty acid data (quality) with taxon-specific zooplankton biomass data (quantity) enables development of new, sensitive indicators of juvenile fish production to help assess recent declines in salmon production in the Pacific Northwest and predict future adult returns.
Investigation on microstructure and selected properties of aluminum oxide–copper–nickel ceramic–metal composites
Authors: Zygmuntowicz J. , Kosiorek J. , Piotrkiewiecz P. , Zacharko B. , Wachowski M. , Kaszuwara W. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA new ternary system of ceramic–metal composites has been fabricated from alumina, copper, and nickel powders by the slip casting method. The research aimed to avoid copper leaking during the sintering process of the formation while processing the CuNi phase. Five different compositions were examined, differing in the ratio of nickel to copper. Stable slurries with good casting properties were prepared for all compositions. The final composites after the sintering process were characterized by a homogeneous distribution of the metallic phase, but they differed in the microstructure characteristics. The addition of nickel limits the outflow of the liquid phase (copper) during sintering but does not eliminate it. This resulted in a reduction in the hardness of the samples compared to the reference material.