bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refractions of the National, the Popular and the Global in African Cities
Authors: Bekker Simon , Croese Sylvia , Pieterse Edgar 
Published: January 2021

Case studies of metropolitan cities in nine African countries from Egypt in the north to three in West and Central Africa, two in East Africa and three in Southern Africa make up the empirical foundation of this publication. The interrelated themes addressed in these chapters the national influence on urban development, the popular dynamics that shape urban development and the global currents on urban development make up its framework. All authors and editors are African, as is the publisher. The only exception is Göran Therborn whose recent book,
Cities of Power, served as motivation for this volume. Accordingly, the issue common to all case studies is the often conflictual powers that are exercised by national, global and popular forces in the development of these African cities.
Rather than locating the case studies in an exclusively African historical context, the focus is on the trajectories of the postcolonial city (with the important exception of Addis Ababa with a non-colonial history that has granted it a special place in African consciousness). These trajectories enable comparisons with those of postcolonial cities on other continents. This, in turn, highlights the fact that Africa today, the least urbanised continent on an increasingly urbanised globe is in the thick of processes of large-scale urban transformation, illustrated in diverse ways by the case studies that make up the foundation of this publication.
SASTRA MODERN SEBAGAI WAHANA PEMBELAJARAN MORAL DAN KARAKTER [YANG TERPINGGIRKAN DALAM KURIKULUM 2013]
Authors: Saryono Prof Djoko 
Published: January 2021

Makalah ringkas ini memaparkan fungsi sastra sebagai wadah, dan wahana pembelajaran moral dan karakter. Meskipun bukan merupakan kitab moral dan karakter, cipta sastra bisa fungsional dan baik sebagai wahana pembelajaran moral dan karakter. Sikap hati-hati dan cermat serta proporsional sangat diperlukan pada waktu memfungsikan sastra sebagai wahana pembelajaran moral dan karakter. Hal tersebut dimaksudkan agar hakikat cipta sastra sebagai karya seni tidak tereduksi menjadi kitab moral dan karakter di samping agar harapan yang berlebihan tidak ditumpukan kepada sastra sebagai wahana pembelajaran moral dan karakter. Dengan sikap hati-hati, dan proporsional, maka sastra niscaya dapat menjadi pintu masuk memberikan pengalaman etis dan moral bagi para pelajar. Lebih lanjut, hal ini mengimplikasikan bahwa sastra dapat diharapkan sebagai salah satu wahana penanaman moral dan karakter kepada pelajar. Sayang, hal ini dilupakan atau minimal dipinggirkan dalam Kurikulum 2013 Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia.
Unsur Genius Lokal Sebagai Aspek Pemerkaya Bahasa dan Sastra Melayu/ Indonesia
Authors: Sudardi Bani 
Published: January 2021

Bahasa Melayu telah berkembang menjadi bahasa yang besar dengan penutur mencapai ratusan juta. Bahasa tersebut telah menjadi bahasa resmi beberapa negara, di antaranya disebut sebagai Bahasa Indonesia. Bahasa Melayu dirasakan sebagai bahasa yang akrab dengan mereka karena adanya unsur-unsur yang genius lokal yang terserap ke dalam bahasa tersebut. Salah satu unsur genius lokal yang disadap bahasa dan sastra Melayu adalah unsur wayang yang diperkirakan berasal dari Jawa. Wayang di dalam tradisi Jawa merupakan unsur genius lokal yang telah mengalami perjalanan yang panjang. Wayang juga memasuki dunia Melayu di berbagai kantong-kantong masyarakat Melayu; Semenanjung Malaka (Malaysia), Banjar (Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia), dan Jakarta (Indonesia).
Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menggali wayang sebagai bentuk genius lokal yang telah memberi sumbangan besar dalam memperkaya bahasa Melayu. Sumbangan pertama adalah sumbangan dalam bentuk kosa kata yang berasal dari bahasa Jawa, baik bahasa Jawa Kuna maupun bahasa Jawa baru. Kedua, dalam bidang sastra dengan munculnya karya-karya sastra yang disebut sebagai genre cerita wayang, sehingga terlahir karya-karya akulturasi seperti Hikayat Sempurna Jaya, Hikayat Agung Sakti, Hikayat Wayang Arjuna yang mengambil tokoh-tokoh wayang, tetapi disajikan dengan cita rasa Melayu Betawi yang tidak ditemukan di sumber aslinya. Ketiga, cerita wayang juga menjadi sumber inspirasi dari berbagai bentuk karya sastra masterpiece seperti Nyanyi Sunyi karya Amir Hamzah, Perahu Kertas karya Sapardi Djoko Damono, dan sebagainya
La relation entre le perfectionnisme et les symptômes somatiques chez les femmes atteintes d'un cancer du sein
Authors: Séguin-Kaercher Nakita , Cadorette Justine , Massicote Véronique , Ivers Hans , Savard Josée 
Published: January 2021

Le cancer du sein est une maladie prévalente associée au développement et au maintien de nombreux symptômes pouvant affecter la qualité de vie. Il est important d’explorer ce qui peut influencer les symptômes ressentis. Cette étude longitudinale vise à étudier l’association entre le perfectionnisme (c.-à-d., aspirations perfectionnistes et préoccupations perfectionnistes) et les symptômes somatiques (fréquence et interférence perçue) chez les femmes atteintes d’un cancer du sein. Elle inclut 459 participantes âgées de 18 à 80 ans qui remplissent le Questionnaire des symptômes physiques (QSP) à six temps de mesure et le questionnaire Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS) au niveau de base. Les résultats des régressions linéaires multiples (objectif 1) montrent que les préoccupations perfectionnistes sont un prédicteur significatif de l’interférence perçue des symptômes somatiques (analyse transversale; p = 0.0059). Les résultats de l’analyse multiniveau (objectif 2) montrent que seules les préoccupations perfectionnistes permettent de prédire significativement les points de départ des différentes trajectoires au plan de l’interférence perçue (p = 0.0086). Plus une participante a des préoccupations perfectionnistes élevées au niveau de base, plus elle rapporte une interférence élevée de ses symptômes. Cette étude suggère qu’il serait important de cibler précocement cette dimension afin de diminuer l’interférence perçue des symptômes somatiques.
Validation francophone des questionnaires de sommeil auprès des étudiants-athlètes du Québec
Authors: Gagnon-Hébert Amandine , Verrault Mikael , Jobin-Théberge Adèle , Charest Jonathan , Bastien Célyne 
Published: January 2021

La création de l’Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) et de l’Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (ASBQ) a répondu au besoin d’outils fiables et valides pour l’évaluation subjective du sommeil auprès des athlètes. Cependant, seule la version anglophone de l’ASSQ et de l’ASBQ a été validée. Cette étude a donc pour but de valider la version francophone de ces deux questionnaires afin de les rendre accessibles aux athlètes francophones du Québec. Deux cent trois étudiants-athlètes du Québec (18-30 ans) ont participé à l’étude impliquant de remplir deux séries de questionnaires et un agenda de sommeil dans un intervalle de sept jours. Les résultats indiquent une stabilité temporelle (r = .73) acceptable et une cohérence interne faible (α = .56-.62) pour l’ASSQ. Le score de difficulté de sommeil (SDS) de l’ASSQ au temps 1 se caractérise par une sensibilité de 85% et une spécificité de 88% comparativement à 67% et 92% au temps 2. Quant à l’ASBQ, il se caractérise par une stabilité temporelle (r =.73) et une cohérence interne (α = .68-.72) acceptable. L’ASBQ et l’ASSQ ont des propriétés psychométriques acceptables dans un contexte non-clinique et de dépistage. Une retraduction de certains items améliorerait les propriétés psychométriques de ces deux outils francophones.
Pravna narava Države in Kraljestva/Kraljevine SHS v konfliktu jugoslovanskih ideologij
Authors: Ivašković Igor 
Published: January 2021

Izvleček: Glavna teza prispevka je, da razlike v razlagi pravne narave tako Države kot tudi Kraljevine Srbov, Hrvatov in Slovencev niso bile posledica pravne negotovosti, temveč so bile le odraz še ene med številnimi političnimi bitkami v vojni nasprotujočih si jugoslovanskih ideologij. Avtor uporablja mednarodna in ustavna merila ter analizira dileme glede pravne narave države SHS in pravne (dis)kontinuitete med Kraljevino Srbijo in Kraljevino SHS. Avtor na temelju analize argumentira, da: 1) je država SHS izpolnjevala temeljne kriterije državnosti in jo lahko smatramo kot državo, ter da 2) je bila Kraljevina SHS nova država, saj ni bila ustvarjena v skladu s standardi prejšnje srbske ustave; ravno nasprotno, Kraljevina SHS je prekinila ustavno kontinuiteto Kraljevine Srbije.
THE PHENOMENON OF ZIKIR SAMAN IN BONJEROK VILLAGE- JONGGAT, CENTRAL LOMBOK WEST NUSA TENGGARA
Authors: Atiq Muhammad 
Published: January 2021

This article will discuss the tradition of recitation of zikr Saman in Bonjeruk Village, Central Lombok West Nusa Tenggara. By photographing the phenomenon of the Zikir Saman, this article will review how Zikir Saman implemented in the society by being inspired by hadith texts and along with its acculturation to local culture. By using the living Hadith lens, this research goes through the stages of observation, interview, documentation and interpretation. The identification of problems in this reserach includes: a brief history and development of the zikr saman in Bonjeruk Village, the form of performance and its function in the muslim society. The findings of this study are: First, the tradition of Zikir Saman in Bonjeruk Village has sanad connection to Zikir Saman in Banten which was initiated by Shaykh Abdul Karim. Second, the zikir Saman in Bonjeruk Village experiences dynamics from time to time: from sacred rituals ferformance to profane entertainment show, zikir Saman staged in tourism events. Third, the recitation of Zikr Saman in Bonjeruk Village was a tradition inherent in the aristocracy habitus, because the first bearer of this tradition was Raden Hukum (Datu/King Jonggat). But later, this tradition developed into a folk tradition that most people are interested in.
Glacial to interglacial climate variability in the southeastern African subtropics (25–20° S)
Authors: Hahn Annette , Schefuß Enno , Groeneveld Jeroen , Miller Charlotte , Zabel Matthias 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. We present a continuous and well-resolved record of climatic variability for
the past 100 000 years from a marine sediment core taken in Delagoa Bight,
off southeastern Africa. In addition to providing a sea surface temperature
reconstruction for the past ca. 100 000 years, this record also allows a
high-resolution continental climatic reconstruction. Climate sensitive organic
proxies, like the distribution and isotopic composition of plant-wax lipids as
well as elemental indicators of fluvial input and weathering type provide
information on climatic changes in the adjacent catchment areas (Incomati,
Matola and Lusutfu rivers). At the transition between glacials and
interglacials, shifts in vegetation correlate with changes in sea surface
temperature in the Agulhas Current. The local hydrology, however, does not
follow these orbitally paced shifts. Instead, precipitation patterns follow
millennial-scale variations with different forcing mechanisms in glacial
vs. interglacial climatic states. During glacials, southward displacement of
the Intertropical Convergence Zone facilitates a transmission of northern
hemispheric signals (e.g., Heinrich events) to the southern hemispheric
subtropics. Furthermore, the southern hemispheric westerlies become a more
direct source of precipitation as they shift northward over the study site,
especially during Antarctic cold phases. During interglacials, the observed
short-term hydrological variability is also a function of Antarctic climate
variability; however, it is driven by the indirect influence of the southern
hemispheric westerlies and the associated South African high-pressure cell
blocking the South Indian Ocean Convergence Zone related precipitation. As a
consequence of the interplay of these effects, small-scale climatic zones
exist. We propose a conceptual model describing latitudinal shifts of these
zones along the southeastern African coast as tropical and temperate climate
systems shift over glacial and interglacial cycles. The proposed model
explains some of the apparent contradictions between several paleoclimate
records in the region.
Análisis de la mutación D614G encontrada en secuencias del genoma completo de SARS-CoV-2 en El Salvador
Authors: Hernandez Avila Carlos Enrique , Ortega ´Perez Carlos Alexander , Rivera Noé Rigoberto , López Xochitl Sandoval 
Published: January 2021

Se realizó durante el mes de octubre del 2020 la secuenciación del genoma de muestras autóctonas de SARS-CoV-2. Objetivo. Analizar in silico las mutaciones D614G en las secuencias aisladas en El Salvador. Metodología. Se analizaron secuencias utilizando la plataforma bioinformática SOPHiA-DDM-V5.7.10 para la determinación de las variantes por mutaciones con sentido erróneo. utilizando la plataforma Nexclade beta v0.8.1. se visualizó y comparo la proteína S silvestre (D614: PDB ID: 6VXX) y de la variante mutada (D614G: PDB ID: 6XS6). El modelamiento y generación de imágenes de los detalles moleculares de las proteínas se utilizó Pymol-v1.7.2.3. Resultados. El análisis de los cristales de la proteína S silvestre y mutada muestra diferencias a nivel molecular incluyendo la pérdida de interacciones entre el residuo G614 del dominio S1 y la treonina 859 de dominio S2, favoreciendo de esta manera la conformación abierta de la proteína S, la cual es necesaria para la interacción de S con el receptor ACE2.Conclusión. El predominio mundial de la D614G y las evidencias de laboratorio y bioinformáticas publicadas hasta la fecha, apuntan hacia una posible mayor infectividad y transmisibilidad conferida por la variante D614G detectada en las secuencias del SARS-CoV-2 en El Salvador.
Evaluation of Cryoglobulins
Authors: Kallemuchikkal Usha , Gorevic Peter D. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCryoglobulins are immunoglobulins that precipitate as serum is cooled below core body temperatures. A cryoglobulin screen is the observation of a serum specimen collected and separated while warm for cryoprecipitation over a period of up to 7 days. Values of the screening may be reported as a cryocrit, which is the volume percent of the precipitate compared with the total volume of serum. Further proof that the precipitate is indeed a cryoglobulin can be obtained by demonstrating resolubilization with warming and immunochemical analysis by immunofixation. Detailed characterization of cryoglobulins may also require rigorous washing of the precipitate, quantitation of total protein and immunoglobulins, and evaluation of serum for monoclonal gammopathy, rheumatoid factor activity, evidence of complement activation, and presence of hepatitis C virus seroreactivity or hepatitis C virus RNA. The single most important variable confounding standardization of cryoglobulin testing is the frequently improper separation of warm serum from other blood elements prior to screening and characterization.
Diffuse Axonal Injury in Infants With Nonaccidental Craniocerebral Trauma
Authors: Gleckman Aaron M. , Bell Michael D. , Evans Richard J. , Smith Thomas W. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjective.—Accurate identification of diffuse axonal injury is important in the forensic investigation of infants who have died from traumatic brain injury. β-Amyloid precursor protein (β-APP) immunohistochemical staining is highly sensitive in identifying diffuse axonal injury. However, the effectiveness of this method in brain-injured infants has not been well established. The present study was undertaken to assess the utility of β-APP immunohistochemistry in detecting diffuse axonal injury in infants with either shaken baby syndrome or blunt head trauma.Materials and Methods.—Archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks from infants (&lt;1 year old) with shaken baby syndrome (7 cases) and blunt head trauma (3) and blocks from 7 control cases that included nontraumatic cerebral edema (1), acute hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (1), and normal brain (5) were immunostained for β-APP. A semiquantitative assessment of the severity of axonal staining was made. Corresponding hematoxylin-eosin–stained sections were examined for the presence of axonal swellings.Results.—Immunostaining for β-APP identified diffuse axonal injury in 5 of 7 infants with shaken baby syndrome and 2 of 3 infants with blunt head trauma. Immunoreactive axons were easily identified and were present in the majority of the sections examined. By contrast, hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed axonal swellings in only 3 of 7 infants with shaken baby syndrome and 1 of 3 infants with blunt head trauma. Most of these sections had few if any visible axonal swellings, which were often overlooked on initial review of the slides. No β-APP immunoreactivity was observed in any of the 7 control cases.Conclusions.—Immunostaining for β-APP can easily and reliably identify diffuse axonal injury in infants younger than 1 year and is considerably more sensitive than routine hematoxylin-eosin staining. We recommend its use in the forensic evaluation of infants with fatal craniocerebral trauma.
Extensive Lipomatous Metaplasia in Bilateral Macronodular Adrenocortical Hyperplasia
Authors: Finch Chris , Davis Robert , Truong Luan D. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective.—We describe a case of macronodular hyperplasia with marked adrenal enlargement in which mature adipose tissue was a significant component. To our knowledge, this condition has not been reported previously.
Methods.—A 42-year-old woman with newly diagnosed Cushing’s syndrome underwent endoscopic bilateral adrenalectomy to remove bilateral adrenal masses.
Results.—Both adrenal glands displayed features of macronodular hyperplasia with marked adrenal enlargement, and abundant mature adipose tissue was identified in some nodules of both glands.
Conclusions.—Lipomatous metaplasia is histologically demonstrated in a case of macronodular hyperplasia with marked adrenal enlargement. This distinctive change may be secondary to metaplastic transformation of either stromal cells or adrenocortical cells. The presence of lipomatous metaplasia would appear to indicate adrenocortical process, since, to our knowledge, it has never before been described in the adrenal nodule.
Immunocytochemical Localization and Distribution of Human Albumin in Wuchereria bancrofti Adult Worms
Authors: Peixoto Christina Alves , Norões Joaquim , Rocha Abraham , Dreyer Gerusa 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
To determine whether albumin is present on adult worms of Wuchereria bancrofti, thin sections of resin-embedded parasites were incubated with a specific antiserum to human albumin. With the exception of the epicuticle, all layers of the cuticle and the hypodermis were intensely labeled. Concentration of gold particles was observed within infoldings of the hypodermal membrane. Moderate labeling of the thin basement membrane that lines the pseudocelomic cavity and the gonoduct was also observed. Within the uterus, ovular membranes labeled intensely; groups of organized particles were seen below ovular membranes and also within invaginations of microfilarial embryos. In contrast, few gold particles were seen on the surface of mature intrauterine microfilariae. No labeling was observed in control sections incubated with antiserum preadsorbed with purified human albumin. The findings suggest that human albumin may be essential for the nutrition and development of W bancrofti microfilariae.
Determinants of Plasma Fibrin D-Dimer Sensitivity for Acute Pulmonary Embolism as Defined by Pulmonary Angiography
Authors: Heit John A. , Minor Thomas A. , Andrews James C. , Larson Dirk R. , Li Hongzhe , Nichols William L. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background.—The reported operating characteristics of the plasma fibrin D-dimer level for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism vary widely.
Objective.—To determine the sensitivity, specificity, predictive value, and clinical utility of the D-dimer for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, and to describe the effect of D-dimer assay method (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA], latex agglutination, membrane ELISA) and discriminate level, patient location at onset, comorbid disease, duration and intensity of concurrent heparin administration, and duration of symptoms on these operating characteristics.
Design.—Prospective laboratory investigation.
Setting.—Community and tertiary care teaching hospital.
Patients.—Consecutive patients with suspected acute pulmonary embolism referred for pulmonary angiography from April 1993 through March 1996.
Measurements.—Baseline characteristics, the duration and intensity of heparin anticoagulation, the time interval between symptom onset and plasma D-dimer testing, pulmonary angiography, and the D-dimer level on the day of pulmonary angiography.
Results.—Of 105 consenting patients, 33 (31%) had a positive pulmonary angiogram. The D-dimer sensitivity/negative predictive value for the ELISA, latex agglutination (American Bioproducts Co/Diagnostica Stago and Biopool International), and membrane ELISA were 100%/100%, 94%/94%, 100%/100%, and 97%/96%, respectively, at a discriminate level of 250 μg/L or less. The clinical utility, defined as the prevalence of a negative test, ranged from 17% to 33%. D-dimer sensitivity was unaffected by patient location at onset, comorbid disease, or heparin therapy but was inversely related to the duration of symptoms.
Conclusions.—The sensitivity of the plasma fibrin D-dimer for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism depends on the assay method, the assay-specific discriminate level, and the duration of symptoms. At the appropriate discriminate level, the plasma D-dimer is a sensitive but nonspecific test for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.
Angiotropic (Intravascular) Large Cell Lymphoma of T-Cell Phenotype Presenting as Acute Appendicitis in a Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: Malicki Denise M. , Suh Yae K. , Fuller Gregory N. , Shin Sung S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe describe a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who presented with acute appendicitis but was found to have angiotropic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) by pathologic examination of the appendectomy specimen, without acute inflammation. Very rare cases of angiotropic large cell lymphoma have been reported in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, and most cases of this rare lymphoma are of B-cell origin, but in this instance immunohistochemical analysis showed a T-cell phenotype.