bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design And Optimization Of Floating Point Division And Square Root Using Minimal Device Latency
Authors: Hema Priya K , Arulmurugan L , Praveen Kumar S , Ramesh R 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
New microprocessors have become a compulsory feature of floating-point support. In recent years, multiple generations of floating-point units (FPU’s) have been seen by leading architectures. Although the introduction of addition and multiplication has been increasingly effective, the support of division as well as square root will have remained uneven. The types of algorithms employed, as well as the quality and efficiency of the implementations, are drastically different. Here a floating-point division and square root unit is provided that implements a radix-64 floating-point division and a radix-16 floating-point squareroot. Here a floating-point division and square root unit is provided that implements a radix-64 floating-point division and aradix-16 floating-point squareroot. Speculation between successive radix-4 incarnations is used to achieve a reduced timing. In digit-recurrence implementations, there are three separate components: initialization, digital repeats, and rounding. The repetition of the digit is the iterative component and for multiple loops it follows the same logic. The initialization and rounding steps are partly shared by the division and square root, although each has a separate logic for digital iterations. The result is a floating-point divider and square root with low latency, requiring double, single S and half-precision division of standardized operandsand 11, 6, and 4 result cycles, and 15, 8, and 5 cycles of square root cycles. One or two additional cycles are required in the case S of subnormal operand(s) or result
Optical properties of rare earth (Ce) and transition metal (Ti) doped ZrO2 phosphors
Authors: Kurrey Ugendra , Brahme Nameeta , Bisen D.P. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Thermoluminescence and Photoluminescence of un-doped as well as Titanium (Ti3+) & Cerium (Ce3+) doped ZrO2 phosphors, prepared via solid-state reaction method. For the characterization of the sample FTIR, XRD, EDAX and FESEM study were done. FTIR confirms the presence of conventional impurities (such as NO3, OH-) present in the prepared sample. Structural characterization technique (XRD) shows the monoclinic formation and reveals the average grain size in the nano region. EDAX study confirms the chemical composition and through FESEM morphological status is studied. For kinetic parameters study themoluminescence studies is carried out and try to correlate the XRD results with thermoluminescence behavior of prepared phosphors. Photoluminescence emission spectra show the blue and green emission band for Ti and Ce doped ZrO2 phosphors respectively.
Photoluminescence studies and synthesis of KSrPO4:Ce3+, Eu3+ blue and orange-red emitting phosphor
Authors: Rahate Gaurav , Panse V R , Dhoble S J , Kokode N S , Sharma Khushbu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The growing need for leftover fuels and the ecological effects of their use was intended to give life to the traditionally extended global superpower infrastructure. Conventional, reliable fluorescent and incandescent lamps emit energy in the form of either heat or gas discharge. Both principles are strongly owing to the greater energy fluctuations that arise related to higher temperatures with the greater shifts of Stokes concerned. Within this work, we recorded sulphate-based blue & Orange-red emitting phosphors for lamp industry applications prepared using updated wet chemical synthesis methods, because the production of superb materials with high and stable fluorescent and luminescent properties is necessary to achieve high emission and fine clarity in the innovation of display systems. Morphological and structural tests and validation of phase and quality were conducted using XRD and SEM. The photoluminescent emission spectra of KSrPO4:Ce3+, Eu3+ phosphors show a blue emission band centered at 440 nm and a orange-red emission band centered at 593 nm and 618 nm. Typically, the structure of the Ce3+ ion in the ground state is split into two levels such as 2F5/2 and 2F7/2, while the5d1 excited configuration is divided by the crystal playing field into 2 and 5 elements.
Biofabrication and structural characterization of cerium oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Kashyap Komal , Khan F , Verma Dakeshwar , Agrawal Sonalika , Chandra Ch , Dewangan Pradeep Kumar , Sahu Vinayak , Verma Padma Rani , Jain Vikas Kumar 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Cerium oxide synthesis (CeO2) nanoparticles were studied using a new and simple, eco-friendly process. The cerium oxide nanoparticles are synthesized with precursors of ammonium cerium nitrate and sodium hydroxide. Their chemical and physical properties are characterized by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforming infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-Vis spectrophotometer scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution electron transmission microscopy (HRTEM). XRD analysis indicated the cubic structure of the nanoparticles containing cerium oxide. The standard particle size of CeO2 was determined at 30 nm using HR-TEM and XRD. SEM determine the surface morphology of biosynthesized cerium oxide nanoparticles. A Ce-O stretching mode was defined by the strong peaks in the FTIR range, and the peak of UV-Vis range absorbance revealed the 3.26 eV band energy difference.
Plasmonic nanostructures for sensor technology-a review
Authors: Kumari Sudha , Saini Sapan Mohan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Presently, metal nanostructures have broadly been used as building blocks for sensing devices in various fields because of their remarkable optical, electrical, and mechanical features. Propagating Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and localized SPR (LSPR) have been demonstrated as the principles of some highly sensitive sensors. LSPR-based nanostructures array has huge potential for high throughput screening platforms for sensing based on the kinetic measurement and change in refractive index. Highly sensitive plasmonic biosensors have been designed for biomedical fields, including point-of-care diagnosis and clinical purposes. Besides, the integration of plasmonic nano-arrays and connecting them with electrochemical sensing has noticeably blown up the application scenarios of the plasmonic nano-array sensors. In conclusion, fabrication methods for plasmonic well-designed nanostructures have been studied and the upcoming research trends of plasmonic sensing are highlighted.
Structural and optical properties of Pr doped CuInS2 thin films synthesized by chemical bath deposition
Authors: Sengupta S , Pateria M A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The Pr doped CuInS2 thin films have been prepared by chemically bath deposition technique at 80°Ctemperature. The semiconducting films are grown in bath containing aqueous solution of copper (II) chloride dihydrate, Indium (III) chloride, thiourea, TEA, ammonia (25%). Pr is used as the doping element. Chloride dehydrates is used for the copper ion source, Indium chloride for indium ion source and thiourea for sulphur ion source, TEA is a complexing agent and ammonia maintains the pH. The SEM Studies of Pr doped CuInS2 films show that at lower volume polyhedral shaped particle appears on the surface. No voids are seen. But at higher volume of Pr; voids are seen on the surface. Particle looks like accumulated woolen balls or cubic like grains. Agglomeration of particle increases with volume and hence particle size also increases. In the XRD of prepared sample characteristic peaks of chalcopyrite phase appears between (240- 800) in all the films. Hall measurement shows that resistivity of Pr (6ml) doped film is very high. The conductivity of all doped films is higher than undoped film. In general, increased doping will leads to increased conductivity. In the Photoluminescence study the emission peak appears at wavelength 575nm, 550nm and 525nm wavelength. High transmittance, low reflectance found in the visible region in the entire prepared sample. The absorption peaks fall in the visible region. High Photocurrent is found, and in dark current study the linear behavior between voltage and current are seen. Quite good photosensitivity is observed in Pr doped CuInS2 films.
Acoustical characterization of nickel aluminide (Ni3Al) at low temperatures
Authors: Pandey Krishna Kumar , Lahariya Vikas , Tiwari Balgovind , Mathuriya Abhilasha Singh 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Present research work deals with the acoustical characterization of Nickel Aluminide (Ni3Al) at low temperature region from 10K to 50K. Particularly, the Ultrasonic waves have been used as a Non-destructive testing (NDT) tool to characterize this Ni3Al. For this purpose, in our technique, the two parameters such as the nearest-neighbour distance and the hardness parameter is taken as two input parameters. Ultrasonic attenuation due to the cause of e-p (electron-phonon) interaction has been evaluated from 10K to 50K, for longitudinal as well as shear waves along <100> crystallographic direction and the elastic constants (second order) for this intermetallic alloy of nickel and aluminium is also evaluated in low temperature region and the obtained results have been discussed.
Full potential study of electronic and thermoelectric properties of GdNiSb compound
Authors: Satyam Jagdish Kumar , Saini Sapan Mohan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In the present work we have investigated electronic and thermoelectric properties of GdNiSb compound. The calculations have been performed using local spin density approximation (LSDA) with Hubbard parameter (U) included for exchange correlation effect. The calculated results of a cubic half-Heusler phase of GdNiSb compound shows semiconducting behaviour due to a narrow band gap (0.279 eV) is opened. Thermoelectric properties such as electrical conductivity (σ/τ), Seebeck coefficient (S) and figure of merit (ZT) was calculated. Values of thermoelectric parameters show that GdNiSb compound could be used as potential material for thermoelectric applications.
Polaronic Relaxation and Variable-Range-Hopping Conductivity in Fe3O4 Nanoparticles
Authors: Swetha A K , Pradeep B H , Mallikarjun R , Singh S , Joshi R S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We report the polaronic relaxation and Variable Range Hopping (VRH) conductivity in 100nm average particle size cold pressed Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The crystal structure was studied using XRD showing spinel structure with (311) intense peak. The AC transport in the cold pressed powder was studied from 10 K to room temperature and from 100 Hz to 5.5 MHz. It was observed that the solid couples capacitively with the perturbing electric field initially and as the frequency increases it becomes more inductive. The impedance data was modelled using modified Havriliak–Negami relaxation model. It was observed that the cold pressing introduces an asymmetric broadening in the relaxation process. The change in impedance with temperature showed a drastic drop at around 120 K due to Verwey transition in real as well as imaginary part. The change in DC resistance with temperature indicated VRH mechanism of charge transport in the solid with a metal insulator transition at around 120 K. The relaxation times calculated indicated that the hopping process has an attempt frequency of the order of 30 microseconds. The activation energy change across the phase transition with relaxation time and resistance indicated that the charge transport is coherent. The activation energy of ∼0.05eV above Varway transition indicated that the transport is small polaronic in nature.
Dielectric, Microhardness and Thermal Properties of Swift Ion (Au3+) Irradiated NLO Single Crystal: 2-Amino-5-Nitropyridinium Sulfamate (2A5NPS)
Authors: Rajkumar M. Ambrose , Ajith P. , Anbarasu S. , Anand Devarajan Prem 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
An organic-inorganic NLO single crystal was grown using conventional and slow cooling method or ATR (Assembled temperature reduction method). Properties of as grown crystal were tried to modify using swift heavy ion (Au3+) of various fluences ranging from 1013 ions/cm2, to 1014 ions/cm2. Dielectric property of orthorhombic crystal was studied. It was noticed that, as ion fluence increases the dielectric constant of as grown material also increases. Hardness of the undamaged and swift heavy ion irradiated crystals was studied. It was concluded that the ability of resistance of deformation of swift heavy ion implanted crystal increases with increase of ion fluences. Thermal studies were carried out and it was observed that irradiated crystal exhibits increased thermal stability with increase of ion energy and this was owing to decreased degree of crystallinity.
Progress in the study of heteropolyacid-based-nanocomposite photocatalytic materials
Authors: Pengxi Li , Peng Zhou , Zemei Guo , Jinging Yang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
As a kind of mild green photocatalysts, Heteropoly acid have a good prospect in photocatalysis due to its high activity, good selectivity and non-toxicityand possess photochemical characteristics similar to those of the semiconductor photocatalysts. Heteropoly acid (HPA), which are very soluble in water and polar solvents, these compounds are activated only by UV light, which restricts the practical application of HPA. Dispersing HPA onto nanoparticle supports with high surface area is useful to increase their specific surface area and hence (photo)catalytic activity. In this paper, the application of HPA-nanoparticles composites such as HPA/TiO2 nanoparticles composites, HPA/SiO2 nanoparticles composites, HPA/ZrO2 nanoparticles composites and so on, in photocatalytic degradation of printing and dyeing wastewater, and the future research direction is prospected.
Hybrid fabrication of LED matrix display on multilayer flexible printed circuit board
Authors: Phung Thanh Huy , Jeong Jaehyeong , Gafurov Anton Nailevich , Kim Inyoung , Kim Sung Yong , Chung Hak-Jun , Kim Yoonkap , Kim Han-Jung , Kim Kyoung Min , Lee Taik-Min 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study presents a hybrid fabrication process for LED matrix on flexible multilayer printed circuit boards (PCBs). To prepare for the flexible PCB, a roll-to-roll screen printing process was developed to create a core circuit board by printing on both sides of the flexible substrate. From the core PCB, the lamination and etching processes are then used to form four layers in total. By using the proposed method, we successfully implemented the passive LED matrix display. This approach could be used for other applications that require flexible and multilayer circuits.
Extension of Mendelian Randomization to Identify Earliest Manifestations of Alzheimer Disease: Association of Genetic Risk Score for Alzheimer Disease With Lower Body Mass Index by Age 50 Years
Authors: Brenowitz Willa D , Zimmerman Scott C , Filshtein Teresa J , Yaffe Kristine , Walter Stefan , Hoffmann Thomas J , Jorgenson Eric , Whitmer Rachel A , Glymour M Maria 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Weight loss or lower body mass index (BMI) could be an early symptom of Alzheimer disease (AD), but when this begins to emerge is difficult to estimate with traditional observational data. In an extension of Mendelian randomization, we leveraged variation in genetic risk for late-onset AD risk to estimate the causal effect of AD on BMI and the earliest ages at which AD-related weight loss (or lower BMI as a proxy) occurs. We studied UK Biobank participants enrolled in 2006–2010, who were without dementia, aged 39–73, with European genetic ancestry. BMI was calculated with measured height/weight (weight (kg)/height (m)2). An AD genetic risk score (AD-GRS) was calculated based on 23 genetic variants. Using linear regressions, we tested the association of AD-GRS with BMI, stratified by decade, and calculated the age of divergence in BMI trends between low and high AD-GRS. AD-GRS was not associated with BMI in 39- to 49-year-olds (β = 0.00, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.03, 0.03). AD-GRS was associated with lower BMI in 50- to 59-year-olds (β = −0.03, 95% CI: −0.06, −0.01) and 60- to 73-year-olds (β = −0.09, 95% CI:−0.12, −0.07). Model-based BMI age curves for high versus low AD-GRS began to diverge after age 47 years. Sensitivity analyses found no evidence for pleiotropy or survival bias. Longitudinal replication is needed; however, our findings suggest that AD genes might begin to reduce BMI decades prior to dementia diagnosis.
Feeding friend and foe: ample pollen mitigates the effects of pollen theft for a gynodioecious plant,Polemonium foliosissimum(Polemoniaceae)
Authors: Brody Alison K , Burnham P Alexander , Smith Brittany 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsMost angiosperms rely on pollinators to transport pollen and effect fertilization. While some floral visitors are effective pollinators, others act as thieves, consuming pollen but effecting little pollination in return. The importance of pollen theft in male and female reproductive success has received little attention. Here, we examined if pollen consumption by flies altered pollen receipt and exacerbated pollen limitation for a bumblebee-pollinated plant, Polemonium foliosissimum (Polemoniaceae).MethodsTo examine the effect of pollen-thieving flies, we took a three-pronged approach. First, we used single-visit observations to quantify pollen removal and pollen deposition by flies and bumblebees. Second, we manipulated pollen in the neighbourhood around focal plants in two years to test whether pollen reduction reduced pollen receipt. Third, we combined pollen reduction with hand-pollination to test whether pollen thieving exacerbated pollen limitation. Polemonium foliosissimum is gynodioecious in most populations in the Elk Mountains of central Colorado, USA. Thus, we also tested whether pollen theft affected hermaphrodites and females differently.ResultsFlies removed significantly more pollen and deposited less pollen per visit than did bumblebees. Reduction of pollen in the neighbourhood around focal plants reduced pollen receipt in both years but only nearly significantly so in 2015. In 2016, plants were significantly pollen-limited; hand-pollination significantly increased seeds per fruit for both hermaphrodites and females. However, the reduction of pollen around focal plants did not exacerbate pollen limitation for either hermaphrodites or females.ConclusionsOur results suggest that plants tolerate significant consumption of pollen by thieves and pollinators by producing ample pollen to feed both and fertilize available ovules. Our results demonstrate that pollen limitation in P. foliosissimum is driven by lack of effective pollinators rather than lack of pollen. Teasing out these effects elucidates the relative importance of drivers of reproductive success and thus the expected response to selection by different floral visitors.
P1 “She used to be Tigger and then she was Eeyore”: A qualitative study with children and young people with CFS/ME, exploring predictors of recovery and future treatment needs
Authors: Clery Philippa , Starbuck Jennifer , Laffan Amanda , Crawley Esther 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Paediatric Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is relatively common and severely disabling. At least 15% of children do not recover by 12 months. We do not know why some children recover and others do not. This study aimed to explore the barriers to recovery experienced by adolescents with CFS/ME.

Methods
I recruited adolescents (aged 11-17 years old, with CFS/ME, who were still disabled by CFS/ME after 12 months of treatment), their parents and specialist healthcare professionals were recruited from a single specialist CFS/ME service in the UK. I conducted semi-structured interviews and focus groups to explore views on treatment received including barriers and facilitators, as well as views on their future. I used thematic analysis grounded in the views of the patients to identify patterns (themes) in the data.

Results
I recruited 12 children and young people, 11 parents and 7 specialist healthcare professionals. The following themes were identified (with barriers and facilitators apparent in each theme): 1. “awareness and support” from CFS/ME services, GPs, schools and family. Poor awareness resulted in increased time-to-diagnosis, school disengagement, stigmatising experiences, and significant stress for children and parents; family support, school understanding, and validation from the service was a ‘life saver’. 2. “CFS/ME is bigger than the fatigue” described the importance of managing CFS/ME as a ‘long and hard’ chronic illness with secondary health, social and educational consequences. Participants called for holistic therapies that focus on the broader definition of recovery and facilitate re-integration into ‘normal life’. 3. “Balancing routine and control in adolescents”: Children differed on whether routines and pacing were helpful or exacerbated low mood. 4. “Individualised” treatment was important: treatment combinations were helpful in different ‘phases of recovery’, which varied depending on social context, motivations, school input, and co-morbidities.

Conclusion
Adolescents identified common facilitators and barriers to recovery and a desire for treatment that takes social factors into account, with a holistic approach using a broader definition of recovery. Children and parents identified a need for better awareness, communication and integration within and between services, including GPs and schools.
P2 3-year observation study of Plerixafor use in New Zealand
Authors: Swinn Tim , Butler Andrew 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Plerixafor, a novel CXCR4 pathway antagonist, is used to mobilise CD34-positive stem cells for autologous stem cell transplantation to treat haematological malignancy. Data regarding the rates of failure to mobilise and frequency of use of Plerixafor vary widely.

Methods
This retrospective study reviewed 203 consecutive patients with myeloma (n = 122) or lymphoma (n = 81) undergoing peripheral blood stem cell mobilisation between 1/1/2016 and 5/8/2019 at a New Zealand hospital using data from an institution transplant database and the electronic medical record.
Patients with myeloma were mobilised using cyclophosphamide and G-CSF after induction chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, bortezomib and dexamethasone. Patients with lymphoma were mobilised with G-CSF after induction or salvage chemotherapy according to disease type.
Patients failing to mobilise sufficient stem cells either received “pre-emptive” Plerixafor added to G-CSF +/- chemotherapy during the 1st attempt or were re-mobilised after a 4-week break with Plerixafor and G-CSF alone.

Results
The success rate of mobilisation for lymphoma and myeloma patients at first attempt was 79% and 87% respectively. Plerixafor allowed successful harvest for 5 of 7 lymphoma patients and 8 of 9 myeloma patients who failed to harvest at first attempt, resulting in 88% and 94% of all patients having a successful harvest on either first or second attempt, respectively. Age greater than 60 years was a risk factor for failed mobilisation in lymphoma patients.

Conclusion
This study shows that an approach using pre-emptive and rescue Plerixafor is effective and allows haematopoietic stem cell mobilisation for ≥88% of patients. Further research is required to establish the optimal strategy for its use.