bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MEDENÎ USÛL HUKUKUNDA YETKİSİZLİK HALİNDE VERİLMESİ GEREKEN KARAR
Authors: KÖSE Yasin 
Published: December 2021

6100 sayılı Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu’nda yetki kuralları kesin
ve kesin olmayan yetki kuralları olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Kanuna
göre kesin yetki kuralları dava şartı iken kesin olmayan yetki kuralları
ilk itirazdır. Yetkinin kesin olması halinde mahkemece resen dikkate
alınması gerekirken, yetkinin kesin olmaması durumunda taraflarca ileri
sürülmesi gerekir. Davanın yetkisiz mahkemede açılması halinde kesin
yetki halinde doğrudan, kesin olmayan yetkide ise yetki itirazı halinde
mahkemece bir karar verilmesi gerekir. Ancak bu kararın ne olacağına
ilişkin Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu’nda bir belirlilik yoktur.
Bu çalışmada mahkemenin yetkisiz olması halinde verilmesi gereken
karar tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda kanun, doktrin ve
içtihatlar birlikte değerlendirilerek medeni usul hukuku prensiplerine
uygun bir sonuca ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Managing Family Relations and Controlling Information While Supporting an Allergic Child
Authors: Gunnarsson Nina Veetnisha , Hemmingsson Helena , Hydén Lars-Christer , Borell Lena 
Published: December 2021

This paper explores parental (particularly mothers’) support in the daily lives of children with allergies in a Swedish context. An ordinary life is established by making comparisons to what other children without allergies presumably can do (and eat). Although the parents’ goal is to support their child in managing allergies, neither their practical nor their interactional strategies work in a clear-cut direction to promote the child’s ordinary life and identity. On the contrary, parents’ accounts convey that they function just as much against an everyday life and the child’s identity. When managing family relations, parents expect immediate family members (specifically grandparents) to understand and accommodate the child’s needs. However, claims of family responsibility are made through moral tales about lack of support from “generalized others.” Family responsibility is also downplayed in parents’ accounts as demands of support may put parents’ moral self at risk. The strategy of information control in certain situations and (non-family) relations used to keep the child safe may risk stigmatizing the child, alternatively, making the child into a social threat. One of the conclusions that could be drawn from this study is that claims of family support may be contradictory to other cultural principles that ascribe responsibilities between families and individuals, as the principles of individual freedom and autonomy.
origines des oppositions idéologiques dans la zone sahélienne
Authors: Paré Moussa 
Published: December 2021

L’article « Aux origines des oppositions idéologiques dans la zone sahélienne. Les Almoravides dans le Bilad al-Sudan occidental au XIe siècle » analyse les raisons politiques et idéologiques de l’expansion almoravide dans le Bilad al-Sudan. Il ressort ainsi de l’analyse des sources narratives arabo-musulmanes que la volonté des émirs almoravides d’éradiquer les hérésies kharidjites d’une part, et d’autre part la fondation d’un vaste empire malékite dans le Dar al-Islam occidental ont motivé la poussée almoravide vers le Soudan Occidental. Ces desseins d’ordre idéologique et politique ont favorisé la diffusion d’un islam orthodoxe. Jusque-là le Bilad al-Sudan était traversé par des clivages ethniques, sociaux et religieux. L’islam s’y trouvait mêlé de tendances hétérodoxes : chiisme et surtout le kharidjisme. Le mouvement almoravide a réalisé cette union sous la bannière du malékisme triomphant.
INCREASING MICROGRID ENERGY EFFICIENCY WITH DIESEL GENERATORS
Authors: Denysiuk S. , Boiko I. 
Published: December 2021

It is shown that increasing the energy efficiency of Microgrid with diesel generators requires solving the problem of optimizing the modes of operation of Microgrid using as an optimization criterion for reducing the consumption of primary fuel diesel generators. To study the energy efficiency of such types of Microgrid as a criterion that has a direct impact on the amount of electricity generated, selected adequate accounting of primary fuel consumption when generating a given amount of electricity in the system.
The article determines that one of the important indicators of diesel generator sets is their efficiency, which is determined by the ratio of energy produced to fuel consumption per hour of operation at rated load. It is shown that the reduction of fuel consumption allows to increase the efficiency of diesel generators, and different types of steady and transient modes of diesel generators significantly affect the efficiency of Microgrid in terms of technical and financial efficiency.
To improve the technical and economic indicators in Microgrid with diesel generators, the article proposes to use the electric cost model of the power generation system, which allows to calculate both the dynamic change of generated power and the dynamic change of its cost and the cost of primary fuel. This model allows flexible nonlinear tracking of fuel consumption, which, taking into account the cost of diesel fuel, can serve as an economic criterion for determining the energy efficiency of the generating system.
The article presents an algorithm for evaluating the financial and technical performance of Microgrid in dynamic modes over a period of technology, which not only evaluates the economic and energy efficiency of Microgrid with diesel generators, but can also be used to modify Smart meters, which can significantly expand their functionality.
GEOMETRICAL–TOPOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SUBSOLIDUS STRUCTURE IN THE MgO – Al2O3 – TiO2 SYSTEM
Authors: Borysenko Oksana , Logvinkov Sergii , Shabanova Halyna , Остапенко Igor , Шумейко Vita 
Published: December 2021

Among the materials that attract attention from the point of view of creating refractory products with increased heat resistance, one can single out materials based on compositions of the MgO – Al2O3 – TiO2 system. As a result of the thermodynamic analysis of the MgO – Al2O3 – TiO2 system, it was found that the partition of the system into elementary triangles will change in three temperature ranges: I – up to 1537 K, II – in the temperature range 1537 – 2076 K and above 2076 K. It has been established that up to a temperature of 2076 K there is a concentration range of spinel phases: magnesium aluminate spinel – quandylite. Above 1537 K, there is a concentration range: tialite – karroite, which meets the requirements for materials with high heat resistance. The elementary triangle TiO2 – Al2TiO5 – MgTi2O5 can be used to obtain heat–resistant materials based on Al2TiO5 stabilized by MgTi2O5. To obtain heat–resistant periclase–spinel materials, an elementary triangle Mg2TiO4 – MgAl2O4 – MgO is recommended, in which only compounds with a cubic crystal lattice are present. Thus, the division of the MgO – Al2O3 – TiO2 system into elementary triangles and the analysis of the geometrical–topological characteristics of the phases of the system made it possible to select in the system under study the regions of compositions that have optimal properties for obtaining materials with the specified optimal properties.
FEATURES OF THE STRUCTURE FORMATION OF SPODUMENS-CONTAINING GLASS-CRYSTAL MATERIALS AFTER HEAT TREATMENT
Authors: Savvova Oksana , Voronov Gennady , Rіabinin Svіatoslav , Fesenko Alexey , Svishov Dmitry 
Published: December 2021

The promising areas of application of spodumene–containing glass–crystalline materials in various branches of science and technology, in particular, to increase the defense capability of the state, have been determined. The relevance of the development of lightweight high–strength sitalls based on them, taking into account the aspects of energy saving for obtaining armored elements, has been determined. It has been established that the use of IR spectroscopy is promising for studying the nanostructure of glass–crystalline materials. The compositions of lithium aluminum silicate glasses and the modes of their heat treatment have been developed. The features of the structure formation of spodumene–containing glass–crystalline materials obtained under the conditions of two–stage low–temperature heat treatment have been investigated. Taking into account the analysis of the nature of the IR spectra of chain silicates, the structure of glass–crystalline materials was investigated according to the IR spectra and the nature of structure formation was established depending on the initial composition of the glass. It has been established that the formation of a structural glass network with the participation of tetrahedra [AlO4], [BO4] and [SiO4] and the presence of cybotaxic groups [Si2O6] allows, under conditions of two–stage low–temperature treatment, to provide bulk crystallization of spodumene–containing glass–crystalline materials. It has been established that the formation of the vitrified structure of glass–crystalline materials allows to ensure their high values of Vickers hardness, microhardness and crack resistance and by the presence of a glass phase, which plays the role of a damper, to ensure their high armor resistance. This will increase the efficiency and make it possible to use them as an energy–destructive and energy–absorbing layer in the composition of the armor element «metal alloy – ceramics – sitall». The introduction of spodumene–containing glass–crystalline materials will increase the competitiveness of competitive domestic armored elements for personal protection.
ON THE KINETICS OF ANODIC PROCESSES AT OXIDATION OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE
Authors: Abdulhadi Saif Ali , Tulskа Alona , Bayrachnyi Volodymyr , Sinkevich Irina Valeriivna 
Published: December 2021

Dimethyl sulfoxide is a feedstock for a large number of organic substances syntheses. Nowadays research is considerably focused on the production of general products of dimethyl sulfoxide oxidation – dimethyl sulfone and methane sulfonic acid. Dimethyl sulfone is well–known as a food supplement for the treating and strengthening of human joints and ligaments. dimethyl sulfone is basically synthesized by oxidation of dimethyl sulfoxide in hot 30 % hydrogen peroxide in glacial acetic acid. Synthesis is accompanied by significant losses of hydrogen peroxide, the target product has to be significantly purified. It becomes possible to control the synthesis of pure dimethyl sulfone and methane sulfonic acid when using the electrochemical method of oxidation of dimethyl sulfoxide in its aqueous solution with chemically resistant anode and high overvoltage of oxygen reaction Controlled synthesis is relevant because sulfur tends to change the oxidation rate. Study of kinetics of anodic processes at platinum electrode was performed in the dimethyl sulfoxide concentration range about 1.0…4.0 mol∙dm–3. Current raise was observed at potentials that are more positive than 1.3…1.4 V. This potential range corresponds to oxygen release. Dissolved sulfuric acid (0.2 mol∙dm–3) was added in order to inhibit the oxygen release and achieve the potential for the formation of peroxide radicals in aqueous solutions of dimethyl sulfoxide. It is known that sulfate ions are adsorbed on the surface of the platinum anode, displacing molecules of protonated water. This allows to shift the potentials and increase of the electrolysis current in 0.2 mol∙dm–3 H2SO4 to 1.7…1.9 V. It indicates the processes of formation of peroxide radicals on the surface of the platinum anode. Further shift of the anode potential into more positive area than 2.00…2.05 V leads to a rapid increase in current density. At such potentials, dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl sulfone are oxidized to methane sulfonic acid with a parallel oxygen and hydrogen peroxide release. Current–voltage study has shown that the oxidation of dimethyl sulfoxide in aqueous solutions runs through the formation of dimethyl sulfone. When conducting electrochemical synthesis with control of the anode potential, it is possible to produce dimethyl sulfone without further oxidation to methane sulfonic acid. The addition of 0.2 mol∙dm–3 H2SO4 to aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide solutions inhibits oxygen release and intensifies oxidation of dipole dimethyl sulfoxide molecules adsorbed on the platinum surface. The influence of adsorption processes on the kinetics of anode processes at the platinum anode in aqueous solutions of dimethyl sulfoxide at high anode potentials has been studied.
Open thoracic surgical implantation of cardiac pacemakers in rodents
Authors: Yin Rose T. , Chen Sheena W. , Lee K. Benjamin , Choi Yeon Sik , Koo Jahyun , Yang Quansan , Napolitano Michael A. , Ausra Jokubas , Holleran Timothy J. , Waters E. Alex , Brikha Anlil , Kowalik Grant , Miniovich Alana N. , Knight Helen S. , Russo Bender A. , Murillo-Berlioz Alejandro , Haney Chad R. , Gutruf Philipp , Rogers John A. , Trachiotis Gregory D. , Efimov Igor R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Genetic engineering and implantable bioelectronics have transformed investigations of cardiovascular physiology and disease. However, the two approaches have been difficult to combine in the same species: genetic engineering is applied primarily in rodents, and implantable devices generally require large animal models. We recently developed several miniature cardiac bioelectronic devices suitable for mice and rats to combine the advantages of molecular tools and implantable devices. Successful implementation of these device-enabled studies requires microsurgery approaches that reliably interface bioelectronics to the beating heart with minimal disruption to native physiology. This protocol describes how to perform an open thoracic surgical technique for epicardial implantation of novel wireless cardiac bioelectronic devices in adult rats and has significantly lower mortality than transvenous implantation approaches. In addition, we provide the methodology for a full biocompatibility assessment of the physiological response to the implanted device. The surgical implantation procedure takes about 40 minutes to complete for an experienced operator, and up to 8 surgeries can be completed in one day. Implanted pacemakers provide programmed electrical stimulation for over 1 month. This protocol has broad applications to enable fully conscious in vivo studies of cardiovascular physiology in transgenic rodent disease models.
Protocol for bloodmeal identification in ticks using retrotransposon-targeted real time PCR
Authors: Goethert Heidi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Tick-borne infections are a global public health burden. Our ability to develop effective control measures relies on understanding the natural transmission cycles as well as the mode of exposure to humans. Our current knowledge of the relative importance of the hosts upon which tick vectors feed is based on indirect measurements, such as infestation indices. Bloodmeal identification can determine the host upon which a questing tick had fed in the previous life stage and is an unbiased method for incriminating reservoir hosts. Although bloodmeal identification has been utilized for mosquito ecology since the 1950s, the extended life-cycle of ticks and complete intracellular digestion of the bloodmeal make such analyses for ticks more complicated. We have recently developed a highly sensitive assay for identification of bloodmeals in ticks based upon real-time PCR amplification of mammalian retrotransposons. Although other PCR-based methods for bloodmeal analysis in ticks have been published previously, they have an inadequate success rate with field-collected ticks and have not been adopted for general use. We describe our methods in detail in order to make this assay widely accessible for use in other laboratories.
Association Study of BIF-1 Gene Expression with Histopathological Characteristics and Hormone Receptors in Breast Cancer
Authors: Mohammadi Kazhaleh , Salimi Mahdiyeh , Angaji S. Abdolhamid , Saniotis Arthur , Mahjoobi Foroozandeh 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background

Breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous disease that has different clinical outcomes. Bax-interacting Factor-1 (BIF-1) is a member of the endophilin B family that produces the pro-apoptotic BCL2-Associated X (BAX) protein in response to apoptotic signals. Lack of BIF-1 inhibits the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and increases the risk of tumor genesis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between hormone receptors (ER, PR, HER2) status and different levels of BIF-1 gene expression in breast cancer patients.
Methods

BIF-1 gene expression was evaluated in 50 breast cancer tumors and 50 normal breast mammary tissues using SYBR Green Real Time RT-PCR technique. Multivariate and univariate analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between the prognostic significance of the BIF-1 gene using SPSS software. In this study, BIF-1 was selected as a candidate for a molecular biomarker and its expression status in breast cancer patients with hormone receptors (ER, RR, HER2) compared to patients without these hormone receptors.
Results

The study showed that the relative expression of BIF-1 gene in tissues of patients with hormone receptor in breast cancer compared to those without hormone receptor were not statistically significant. The expression levels of BIF-1 gene in different groups were evaluated for hormone receptor status. No significant relationship was found between BIF-1 gene expression and hormone receptors (ER, PR and HER2) (p> 0.05).
Conclusion

BIF-1 gene expression may be a useful prognostic marker in breast cancer.
Determinants of households’ livelihood diversification strategies to adapt with natural disasters: Evidence from ecologically vulnerable haor region of Bangladesh
Authors: Hoq Mohammad Shamsul , Uddin Md. Taj , Raha Shankar Kumar , Hossain Mohammad Ismail 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The haor region of Bangladesh is exposed to a variety of natural disasters such as flash floods, seasonal floods, droughts, riverbank erosions, embankment breaches due to climate change, which impacts the haor people's lives and livelihoods. The study aims to assess the various livelihood strategies adopted by the haor households, as well as the factors that influence their decision to pursue more environmentally friendly and sustainable livelihood strategies. The primary data from the 300 haor households in Kishoregonj, Netrokona and Sunamgonj districts were collected with a multi-stage stratified random sample technique taking 100 of each district. We provide inimitable insight into the analysis framework for understanding sustainable rural livelihood, as well as empirical evidence of how livelihood resources, livelihood strategies, and livelihood outcomes are strongly interrelated. The study classified households’ economic activities into five distinct categories together with crop farming to cope with natural disasters. Among the livelihood options, crop plus livestock rearing is the most productive livelihood strategy for haor households. The findings revealed that the higher returning livelihood diversification strategies are significantly influenced by the household’s head age and education, dependency ratio, land holdings, household assets value, access to credit, annual income, membership of any organization, home to road, market, and haor distances, communication during the dry season, duration of waterlogged, and agro-ecology. In order to change the local context and enable poor households to establish more profitable livelihood strategies, policies should aim to promote the significant determinants of livelihood strategies, as well as ensure livelihood assets, a strong infrastructure, and minimize natural disasters.
The Accumulation of Essential Oils In Organ Culture of Acinos Graveolens Via Methyl Jasmonate And Salicylic Acid Exertion
Authors: Motafakkerazad Rouhollah , Soltani-Elired Vahideh , Tarigholizadeh Sarieh , Kosari-Nasab Morteza 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The impact of Salicylic acid (SA) and Methyl jasmonate (MJ) on growth, and essential oil quantity and quality in organ culture of Acinos graveolens were investigated. In the present study, nodal segments were used as explants for shoot production using MS media with BA and NAA. Afterward, they were transferred to liquid MS media culture containing SA and MJ with 50, 100, and 150 µM and their combinations (SA25+MJ25, SA50+MJ25, SA25+MJ50, and SA50+MJ50). After three weeks, samples were collected to assess the morphological and some growth parameters, quantitative changes in pigment amounts as well as volatile contents. Accordingly, almost all treatments led to a notable decrease in growth parameters in comparison with control. The highest amount of Chl a, b and carotenoids were achieved by MJ100, SA50, and SA25+MJ50, respectively. In addition, GC-MS results indicated 38 components of volatile products mainly alkane hydrocarbons and sesquiterpenes. The major identified compounds were Decane, Eicosane, and Germacrene D. Altogether, results asserted that SA25+MJ25 and SA100 were more efficient in the enhancement of essential oil content among all treatments.
Comparative Analysis of The Kinomes of Plasmodium Falciparum, Plasmodium Vivax And Their Host Homo Sapiens
Authors: Adderley Jack , Doerig Christian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: Novel antimalarials should be effective across all species of malaria parasites that infect humans, especially the two species that bear the most impact, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax. Protein kinases encoded by pathogens, as well as host kinases required for survival of intracellular pathogens, carry considerable potential as targets for antimalarial intervention 1,2. To date, no comprehensive P. vivax kinome assembly has been conducted; and the P. falciparum kinome, first assembled in 2004, requires an update. The present study, aimed to fill these gaps, utilises a recently published structurally-validated multiple sequence alignment (MSA) of the human kinome 3. This MSA is used as a scaffold to assist the alignment of all protein kinase sequences from P. falciparum and P. vivax, and (where possible) their assignment to specific kinase groups/families.Results: We were able to assign six P. falciparum previously classified as OPK or ‘orphans’ (i.e. with no clear phylogenetic relation to any of the established ePK groups) to one of the aforementioned ePK groups. Direct phylogenetic comparison established that despite an overall high level of similarity between the P. falciparum and P. vivax kinomes, which will help in selecting targets for intervention, there are differences that may underlie the biological specificities of these species. Furthermore, we highlight a number of Plasmodium kinases that have a surprisingly high level of homology with their human counterparts and therefore not well suited as targets for drug discovery.Conclusions: Direct comparison of the kinomes of Homo sapiens, P. falciparum and P. vivax sheds additional light on the previously documented divergence of many P. falciparum and P. vivax kinases from those of their human host. We provide the first direct kinome comparison between the phylogenetically distinct species of P. falciparum and P. vivax, illustrating the key similarities and differences which must be considered in the context of kinase-directed antimalarial drug discovery, and discuss the divergences and similarities between the human and Plasmodium kinomes to inform future searches for selective antimalarial intervention.