bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
936-P: Nutrition Experiences among Caregivers of Youth with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: GORDON ERIN N. , DYKEMAN BLAIR S. , GRECO KIMBERLY , RHODES ERINN , GARVEY KATHARINE 
Published: June 2021

Many children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) do not meet nutritional guidelines. Little is known about how caregivers perceive the necessity of appointments with a dietitian (RD) or how satisfied they are with their nutrition care. To better understand caregiver nutrition experiences and perceptions, we surveyed 838 families of children &lt;18 years old receiving T1D care at Boston Children’s Hospital (BCH). Of 184 (22%) responses, 159 with complete data were analyzed. Using multivariable logistic regression, we assessed factors associated with caregiver (1) perception of the necessity for annual nutrition visits; (2) satisfaction with nutrition care and (3) encouragement from a nurse or doctor to meet with an RD. Covariates included child’s age, diabetes duration, gender, race and ethnicity, and diabetes technology use. Age and diabetes duration were categorized as &lt;13 and ≥ 13 years old and ≤ 3 and &gt; 3 years, respectively. Among children in the analysis, 55% were ≥ 13 years old and 51% had T1D for ≤ 3 years. Over half (56.6%) of respondents considered it necessary to see a RD every year. Older age (aOR=2.06, 95% CI [1.01, 4.20]) and shorter disease duration (aOR=2.50, 95% CI [1.22, 5.12]) were associated with this perception. Less than half (47.8%) reported satisfaction with their nutrition care, with shorter disease duration associated with a higher likelihood of satisfaction (aOR=2.24, 95% CI [1.13, 4.42]). Only 61.4% of respondents reported encouragement from a nurse or doctor to meet with a RD. No demographic or clinical characteristics were associated with this finding. Our findings suggest that caregiver satisfaction with nutrition care and its perceived need for children with T1D may wane with longer disease duration. However, the perceived need for nutrition services is also higher in parents of teens. Future work should delineate strategies for engaging families in nutrition education that is more tailored to later stages of the T1D journey. In addition, there is a need for teen-focused T1D nutrition care curricula.

Disclosure
E. N. Gordon: None. B. S. Dykeman: None. K. Greco: None. E. Rhodes: Other Relationship; Self; AstraZeneca. K. Garvey: None.
947-P: Racial/Ethnic Differences in Type 2 Diabetes Diagnosis among Women with Gestational Diabetes: Creation of a Diverse Population-Based Eight-Year Postpartum Diabetes Cohort
Authors: JANEVIC TERESA , MCCARTHY KATHARINE J. , KENNEDY JOSEPH J. , CHAN HIU TAI , VAN WYE GRETCHEN , MAYER VICTORIA L. , LIU SHELLEY H. , HUYNH MARY 
Published: June 2021

Background: Women with gestational diabetes (GDM) are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, a leading cause of premature morality. While data suggest racial/ethnic minority women bear the disproportionate burden of gestational diabetes, current postpartum GDM cohorts lack adequate diversity to examine whether racial/ethnic disparities persist in the transition to type 2 diabetes. To address this gap, we make use of two NYC public health surveillance databases to construct a novel population-based cohort of women with gestational diabetes and their progression to diabetes diagnosis.
Methods: We used a systematic matching process to identify unique cases of women who gave birth between 2009 and 2011 and diabetes diagnosis (two A1c results6.5%) in the following 8 years using linked NYC vital statistics and HbA1c registry data.
Results: Of 16,231 women with gestational diabetes, the cumulative incidence of diabetes in 8 years of follow-up was 14.4% (N=2,333 cases) in the overall cohort, 21.1% among non-Hispanic Black women, 15.9% among Hispanic women, 12.3% among Asian women, and 6.1% among non-Hispanic white women. Using this diverse cohort, future analyses will examine racial/ethnic differences in disease progression (e.g., from diabetes to glycemic control) among women with gestational diabetes, which has not been well studied in prior cohorts.
Conclusions: This study makes use of diverse public health surveillance data to construct a population-based postpartum cohort of pregnant women to produce pioneering evidence of diabetes disease progression (using HbA1c levels) following pregnancies complicated by GDM. Future research will leverage this novel cohort to investigate how social determinants influence lifecourse racial-ethnic disparities in diabetes.

Disclosure
T. Janevic: None. K. J. Mccarthy: None. J. J. Kennedy: None. H. Chan: None. G. Van wye: None. V. L. Mayer: None. S. H. Liu: None. M. Huynh: None.

Funding
National Institutes of Health (R21DK122266)
951-P: Diabetes Management Delivery and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus during the First Wave of the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Reference Centre Report
Authors: WILK MAGDALENA , SUROWIEC PAULINA , MATEJKO BARTłOMIEJ , CYGANEK KATARZYNA , HURAS HUBERT , MALECKI MACIEJ 
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a rapid adaptation of healthcare services to secure medical care for many patients’ groups. This includes women with Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We evaluated the impacts of the first COVID-19 wave on parameters such as the GDM treatment, glycemic control and pregnancy outcomes. In this retrospective study from a reference diabetes centre (Krakow, Poland), we compared patient data from two different time periods: the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020 - June 2020) and the preceding five months (October 2019 - February 2020). Data was collected from the medical records and telephone surveys. No patient was diagnosed with concomitant COVID-19. We included 155 women - Group 1 N=73 and Group 2 N= 82 from the COVID-19 pandemic period and non-COVID-19 period, respectively. During the COVID-19 pandemic, almost half of all GDM women (N1=36, 49.3%) used telemedicine as a method of contacting their diabetic specialist while this tool was not utilized in the earlier period. Moreover, these patients reported difficulties in performing blood glucose self-control more often (N1=20, 27.4% vs. N2=7, 8.5% p=0.002) and spent less time on diabetes education and training than the control group on average (N1=39, 53.4% vs. N2=9, 9.8% below 2 hours of training; p≤0.001). Glycemic control parameters were very similar and most analysed pregnancy outcomes occurred with comparable frequencies. Differences were found with respect to the incidence of prolonged labour which was more frequent in the COVID-19 period Group 1 (N1=12, 16.4% vs. N2=3, 3.7% p=0.007) whereas no episodes of pre-eclampsia were observed in this group (N1=0 vs. N2=7, 8.5% p=0.01) during this same time period. We report that the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic did not seem to have a negative impact on glycemic control and pregnancy outcomes in GDM women, in spite of difficulties in diabetes management delivery.

Disclosure
M. Wilk: None. P. Surowiec: None. B. Matejko: Other Relationship; Self; Ascensia Diabetes Care, Roche Diabetes Care. K. Cyganek: Advisory Panel; Self; Medtronic, Speaker’s Bureau; Self; Lilly Diabetes, Novo Nordisk. H. Huras: None. M. Malecki: Advisory Panel; Self; Abbott Diabetes, Medtronic, Speaker’s Bureau; Self; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Lilly Diabetes, Merck & Co., Inc., Mundipharma International, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi-Aventis, Servier Laboratories.
953-P: Glycated Albumin Is Not an Accurate Marker of Glycemia in Pregnancy or Postpartum
Authors: SOFFER MARTI D. , JAMES KAITLYN , CALLAHAN MICHAEL J. , BARTH WILLIAM H. , POWE CAMILLE E. 
Published: June 2021

Objective: Assessments for diabetes are vital to pregnancy and postpartum (PP) care, but screening, conducted with oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs), is cumbersome. Outside of pregnancy, percent glycated albumin (%GAlb) reflects average glycemia over a period of weeks. %GAlb may not be subject to the same limitations as hemoglobin A1c in pregnancy, as it does not rely on stable red blood cell kinetics. We studied %GAlb as a potential glycemic marker during gestation and PP.
Study Design: Pregnant women (N=50) in the Study of Pregnancy Regulation of Insulin and Glucose cohort underwent 75g OGTTs at a mean of 13 weeks (SD 1.6, V1) and 26 weeks (SD 1.4, V2) of gestation and 11 weeks (SD 4.9) PP. Non-pregnant controls had a single OGTT. We measured GAlb on frozen plasma samples.
Results: Serum total GAlb and total albumin decreased from V1 to V2 and increased PP to levels higher than at V1. %GAlb declined between V1 and V2 (β= -0.64 95% CI [-0.8, -0.4] p&lt;0.001) and remained stable between V2 and PP (β= -0.04 [-0.3, 0.2] p=0.66). Age-adjusted comparisons to non-pregnant controls showed that %GAlb values were similar to controls at V1 (β=0.05 [-0.5, 0.6] p=0.84), and were lower at V2 (β= -0.53 [-1.1, 0.0] p=0.05) and PP (β= -0.62 [-1.1, -0.1] p=0.02). Neither glucose levels nor hemoglobin A1c were associated with %GAlb at V1, V2, or PP. BMI was inversely related to %GAlb in pregnancy (V1: rho= -0.5, p=0.0001; V2 rho= -0.4, p=0.006), but not PP (rho= -0.2, p=0.31). BMI was higher at both V2 (β=2.05 [1.5, 2.6] p&lt;0.001) and PP (β=0.65 [0.1, 1.2] p=0.01 compared to V1. However, BMI-adjusted longitudinal changes in %GAlb were similar to those in unadjusted analyses. Adjustment for BMI also did not reveal associations between %GAlb and glucose levels or A1c.
Conclusions: %GAlb decreases during gestation and remains decreased PP, despite a return of total albumin and total GAlb to baseline. Given the lack of correlation with OGTT glucose levels or hemoglobin A1c, %GAlb is unlikely to be useful in assessing glycemia in pregnant or PP women.

Disclosure
M. D. Soffer: None. K. James: None. M. J. Callahan: None. W. H. Barth: None. C. E. Powe: None.
954-P: In Gestational Diabetes, Patient-Led Insulin Titration Is Rapidly Effective without Detrimental Hypoglycaemia
Authors: MAYNE ISABELLE K. , THOMAS NICHOLAS , HATTERSLEY ANDREW T. , MCGOVERN ANDREW P. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Elevated fasting blood glucose in gestational diabetes (GDM) is the strongest predictor of adverse pregnancy outcomes but is difficult to treat. We assessed the effectiveness and safety of a novel patient-led insulin dose titration algorithm, targeting rapid reduction in fasting glucose.
Research Design and Methods: In women with GDM commenced on insulin, we initiated a patient-led approach to basal dose titration. Women were asked to increase their basal insulin dose by 4 units after every elevated fasting blood glucose (&gt;90 mg/dL). We retrospectively reviewed the records of 50 women with GDM, after initiating this approach. Daily fasting capillary glucose measurements and insulin dose were collected from GDM diagnosis to delivery.
Results: Basal insulin was commenced at a median 30+4 weeks gestation in 28 (56%) women. At insulin initiation median fasting glucose was 104.4 mg/dL. Fasting glucose control (defined as the first of three consecutive readings &lt;95 mg/dL) was achieved by all women after a median 4 days (IQR: 1-13). This was successfully maintained for the remainder of pregnancy with additional patient-led titrations. Basal insulin dose at delivery (median 38+2 weeks gestation) was a median 34 units (IQR 18-62; 0.31 units/kg; IQR 0.23-0.71) with a birthweight less than half a standard deviation above normal (birthweight z-score 0.47 vs. 0.81 [n=34 insulin treated prior to implementation]). Hypoglycaemia &lt;63 mg/dL was uncommon in those on basal insulin (1.86% of all fasting glucose readings) with just five values &lt;54 mg/dL (0.34% of all readings). By comparison, in women never started on basal insulin (n=22), 0.45% of fasting readings were &lt;63 mg/dL with just one value &lt;54 mg/dL (0.09% of all readings). No patients experienced hypoglycaemia requiring assistance.
Conclusions: In GDM, fasting glycaemic control is achieved within a week by using intensive patient-led insulin titration and is not at the expense of detrimental hypoglycaemia.

Disclosure
I. K. Mayne: None. N. Thomas: None. A. T. Hattersley: None. A. P. Mcgovern: Advisory Panel; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
971-P: Prevalence of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Real-World Practice: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: SWIATKIEWICZ IWONA , PATEL NEEJA T. , TAUB PAM R. 
Published: June 2021

Background: Diabetic Cardiomyopathy (DbCM) is a form of Stage B heart failure (HF) which results from diabetes-associated metabolic alterations. The prevalence of DbCM in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is not well established. This study aims to evaluate prevalence of DbCM in T2D patients that have had transthoracic echocardiograms (TTE) at the UC San Diego Medical Center.
Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of patients with confirmed T2D who had TTE within 2010-2015 performed. DbCM was diagnosed in patients without overt HF based on echocardiographic demonstration of left ventricular (LV) dysfunction (LVD) defined as LV ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥45% and left atrial volume index (LAVI) ≥34 mL/m2, while excluding other medical conditions which can contribute to LVD and TTE findings.
Results: In total, 6570 T2D patients with TTE were identified and 5959 (91%) had LVEF≥45%. Of them, 1868 patients (31%) had LAVI≥34 mL/m2, thus met criteria for LVD suggesting diagnosis of DbCM. After excluding patients with comorbidities such as hypertension (42% of excluded patients), coronary artery disease (38%), and valvular heart disease (24%), 165 patients (9% of patients with LVD; 3% of T2D patients with TTE) met criteria for DbCM associated solely with T2D. LV hypertrophy was found in 70% of patients with DbCM.
Conclusion: The majority of T2D patients (~91%) had preserved LV systolic function, of which at least ~31% had initial diagnosis of DbCM. The conservative estimation of the prevalence of DbCM indicates that at least ~9% of patients from this group had DbCM associated solely with T2D. However, this is an underestimation as only patients who had TTE were included and LAVI was the only initial criteria used to stratify the patients. If other criteria such as elevated E/E’ or LV hypertrophy were included we estimate the prevalence to be significantly higher. Therapies that target metabolic derangement responsible for DbCM can be useful in treating T2D patients to prevent progression to overt HF.

Disclosure
I. Swiatkiewicz: None. N. T. Patel: None. P. R. Taub: Consultant; Self; Amgen Inc., Bayer Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Other Relationship; Self; Applied Therapeutics.

Funding
Applied Therapeutics
98-LB: Diabeloop DBL4K Hybrid Closed-Loop System Improves Time-in-Range without Increasing Time-in-Hypoglycemia in Children Aged 6–12 Years
Authors: KARIYAWASAM DULANJALEE , MORIN CAROLE , CASTEELS KRISTINA , TALLEC CLAIRE LE , GODOT CECILE , SFEZ ANNIE , GARREC NATHALIE , POLAK MICHEL , CHARPENTIER GUILLAUME , FRANC SYLVIA , BELTRAND JACQUES 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The DBLG1 Hybrid Closed-Loop system improves time in range and glycemic control in adults. However, the efficacy and safety of the system had not yet been evaluated in children.
Objective: of this study is to evaluate the non-inferiority of the DBL4K (Diabeloop for Kids) hybrid closed-loop system (Kaleido pump + Dexcom G6 = CL) compared to a Dexcom G6 sensor augmented pump (open loop = OL) in prepubescent children.
Materials and Methods: Multicenter open-label randomized controlled trial in 3 pediatric diabetology centers, 2 of which are French. The CL and OL are allocated for 4 days in hospital, followed by 6 weeks at home for the French centers.
Results: Seventeen patients (mean age: 8.3+/- 1.6 years) were included for evaluation at 6 weeks at home between March and December 2019. The percentage of time spent in range (0.7-1.8 g/L) was significantly higher in the CL group during the 6 weeks at home (66.19% in CL vs. 58.68% in OL, p&lt;0.001). The percentage of time spent in hypoglycemia (&lt;0.7 g/L) was significantly lower in the CL group (2.62% in CL vs. 5.24% in OL, p&lt;0.0001) as well as the number of hypoglycemic episodes (25.51 in CL vs. 48.16 in OL, p&lt;0.0001). The coefficient of variation of blood glucose is significantly lower in CL group (31.85% in CL vs. 36.36% in OL, p&lt;0.001). No events of ketoacidosis or severe hypoglycemia were recorded.
Conclusions: The DBL4K Closed-Loop System is suitable for prepubescent children. It is not inferior to sensor augmented pump therapy in children. Just as in adults it improves the time in range while decreasing the time spent in hypoglycemia. It could allow for better long-term glucose control in children with diabetes.

Disclosure
D. Kariyawasam: None. C. Morin: None. K. Casteels: None. C. Le Tallec: None. C. Godot: None. A. Sfez: None. N. Garrec: None. M. Polak: Other Relationship; Self; AMMTeK. G. Charpentier: Other Relationship; Self; Diabeloop. S. Franc: Advisory Panel; Self; Diabeloop SA. Board Member; Self; Novo Nordisk. Research Support; Self; Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Diabeloop SA. Other Relationship; Self; Abbott Diabetes. J. Beltrand: None.
98-OR: Gestational Glucose Intolerance without Gestational Diabetes Is a Risk Factor for Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: SELEN DARYL J. , THAWEETHAI TANAYOTT , HSU SARAH , JAMES KAITLYN , KAIMAL ANJALI , MEIGS JAMES B. , POWE CAMILLE E. 
Published: June 2021

Background: Women with gestational diabetes (GDM) have an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes and future type 2 diabetes (T2D). Gestational glucose intolerance (GGI, abnormal initial GDM screen) without GDM has been linked to adverse perinatal outcomes but is not a recognized T2D risk factor. We tested whether GGI without GDM is associated with incident T2D.
Methods: Using clinical data from women seen at our US medical center for prenatal and primary care (1998-2018), we assessed risk of T2D (defined using validated laboratory and outpatient diagnoses) according to GGI/GDM status during pregnancy. We defined GGI as 1-hr glucose loading test (GLT) ≥ 140 mg/dl at ≥ 24 weeks gestation. We subcategorized GGI by 3-hr oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) result. We used Cox proportional-hazard models with time-varying exposures/covariates to assess T2D risk after delivery, adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, parity, insurance type, marital status, BMI, and blood pressure. Women were followed from 1st delivery until diagnosed with T2D or censored at time of last primary care visit.
Results: Among 13988 women, 17109 pregnancies had normal glucose tolerance (NGT, GLT &lt; 140mg/dL). Among 3619 GGI pregnancies (GLT ≥ 140 mg/dl), 2076 had a normal OGTT, 699 had 1 abnormal OGTT value, and 844 had GDM (≥ 2 abnormal OGTT values). Over a median of 8.3 years of follow-up, 2.2% (N=304 women) developed T2D. In our primary comparison, women with GGI without GDM (16% of pregnancies) had increased T2D risk compared to women with NGT (HR 2.1 [1.5-2.9], p&lt;0.001). Among women with GGI, T2D risk increased with the number of abnormal OGTT values (normal OGTT: HR 1.8; 1 abnormal OGTT value: HR 2.8; GDM: HR 11.7; p≤0.01 for all compared to NGT).
Conclusions: Pregnant women with GGI without GDM have a two-fold increased risk of future T2D compared to those with NGT. Clinical data universally available during pregnancy identifies a large, previously unrecognized group of women who may benefit from T2D screening and prevention.

Disclosure
D. J. Selen: None. T. Thaweethai: None. S. Hsu: None. K. James: None. A. Kaimal: None. J. B. Meigs: Consultant; Self; Quest Diagnostics. C. E. Powe: None.

Funding
National Institutes of Health (2T32DK007028-46, K23DK113218); Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; Massachusetts General Hospital
996-P: Prevalence of Functional Hyperandrogenism in Young Women with Type 1 Diabetes: A Preliminary Analysis from a Cross-Sectional Study of a Spanish Cohort
Authors: BAYONA ANE , NATTERO-CHÁVEZ LÍA , DURÁN ELENA FERNÁNDEZ , AVENDAÑO BEATRIZ DORADO , ESCOBAR-MORREALE HÉCTOR F. , LUQUE-RAMÍREZ MANUEL 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Increased prevalence of functional hyperandrogenism/polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been previously described in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) patients. However, the reported prevalence rates vary depending on different diagnostic criteria. Our study aim was to determine the prevalence of PCOS and hyperandrogenic traits in premeopausal women with T1DM.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a diabetes outpatient clinic in a tertiary Hospital from Madrid, Spain. We recruited consecutive premenopausal woman with T1DM, and menarche at least 2 years before the study. For this preliminary report, we included 40 patients. History data collection, physical exam, a complete hormonal analysis in follicular phase (including d4-androstenedione, DHEA-S, total testosterone, SHBG, 17-OH-progesterone, FSH, LH, prolactin, and TSH), and ovarian ultrasound were performed.
Results: Mean age of patients was of 28 ± 8 yr; mean duration of T1DM was of 13 ± 8 yr-old. Twenty-seven patients were on multiple daily insulin therapy, while 13 of them were on continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. Mean BMI was of 23.8 ± 3.7 Kg/m2. Mean daily insulin dose was 0.64 ± 0.2 U/kg and mean A1C was 7.5 ± 1.8%. PCOS was diagnosed in 7 patients resulting in a 18% (95% CI: 8; 32) prevalence of PCOS according to NIH-Rotterdam, and in 6 patients resulting in a 15% (95% CI: 7; 29) prevalence of PCOS according to AES-PCOS criteria. Three patients [7% (95% CI: 3; 20)] had isolated polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM), and 7 patients [18% (95% CI: 8; 32)] presented with oligo-amenorrhea (ovulatory dysfunction-WHO class 2).
Conclusion: Our preliminary data show a significant increase in prevalence of PCOS in premenopausal women with T1DM with respect to the general population.

Disclosure
A. Bayona: None. L. Nattero-chávez: None. E. Fernández durán: None. B. Dorado avendaño: None. H. F. Escobar-morreale: Consultant; Self; InsudPharma. M. Luque-ramírez: None.
Pengembangkan Bahan Ajar Elektronik LKPD yang Terintegrasi STEM-PjBL pada Materi Termokimia di SMAN 1 Gunung Talang
Authors: Dhonal Afri , Effendi Effendi 
Published: June 2021

The collaboration between STEM and PjBL is able to increase interest, motivation, creativity, and effectiveness, and is able to influence the development of students' attitudes in learning. This study produces electronic student worksheets that are integrated with STEM-PBjL, then reveals its validity and practicality. This research is an R&D (Research and Development) research and a 4-D model which includes: (1) define, (2) design, (3) develop, (4) deseminate. The electronic validation of student worksheets was carried out by 3 Chemistry lecturers of FMIPA UNP and 2 Chemistry teachers and a practical test with 2 teachers and 17 students of Class XII SMA Negeri01 Gunung Talang. Analysis of the validity test used Aiken's V with the validation results of 0.884 and the practicality of using Kappa Kohen with the results, namely for the practicality test of teachers and participants with results of 0.693 and 0.758 which were in high categories. The results of the data show that the electronic student worksheets are valid and practical to use. Kolaborasi antara STEM dan PjBL mampu meningkatkan ketertarikan, motivasi, kreatifitas, dan efektifitas serta mampu mempengaruhi pengembangan sikap peserta didik dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menghasilkan elektronik LKPD yang terintegrasi STEM-PjBL, kemudian mengungkapkan validitas dan praktikalitasnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian R&D (Research and Development) dan model 4-D yang meliputi: (1) define, (2) design, (3) develop, (4) disseminate. Validasi elektronik LKPD ini dilakukan 3 dosen Kimia FMIPA Universitas Negeri Padang dan 2 orang guru Kimia SMA dan uji praktikalitas dengan 2 orang guru dan 17 orang siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Gunung Talang. Analisa uji validitas mengunakan Aiken’s V dengan hasil validasi yaitu 0.884 serta praktikalitas mengunakan Kappa Kohen dengan hasil yaitu untuk uji praktikalitas guru dan peserta dengan hasil yaitu 0.693 dan0.758 memiliki kategori tinggi. Hasil data menunjukkan bahwa elektronik LKPD valid dan praktis digunakan.