bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning from the Past: Investigating the Income Restoration Programs in the Resettlement Work Plans of Thilawa Special Economic Zone, Yangon, Myanmar
Authors: Htet Thu 
Published: October 2021

This paper aims to investigate the Income Restoration Plans (IRPs) prepared in the previous Resettlement Work Plans (RWPs) of Thilawa Special Economic Zone (SEZ), Yangon, Myanmar, by employing three resettlement practices: JICA guidelines and the World Bank policies on resettlements (OP 4.12 and ESS 5) as benchmarks. There are three major objectives for this study: to observe the gaps between the resettlement policies and the practices, examine the potential shortcomings in the IRPs, and employ those lessons to improve future resettlement planning. Therefore, JICA and the World Bank policies on resettlements and the IRPs as described in the RWPs of Thilawa SEZs serve as important data sources used in this paper.
The study found that IRPs lacked sufficient attention to address impoverishments and provide alternative sustainable livelihoods for the affected communities. First, the IRPs lacked assurances or guarantees on the employment status in/near SEZ areas for those whose livelihoods are affected and needed to secure alternative livelihoods. Second, they lacked sufficient support for those who would choose to be self-employed or establish a business enterprise. Third, there were shortcomings in the meaningful participation by the affected communities. Fourth, there was insufficient gender dimension incorporated into IRPs of the resettlement plan. Four policy recommendations are provided: assuring and guaranteeing the employment opportunities, providing infrastructure, technical and financial assistance for business establishment, deriving development opportunities and benefits from the project, and planning the planning process to become more inclusive and participatory.
Habitar una bóveda metálica. Quonset Huts en la Base Aeronaval de Rota
Authors: Salazar Lozano María del Pilar , Cidoncha Pérez Antonio José 
Published: October 2021

During World War II, and even in the years that followed, thousands of American soldiers lived in prefabricated semi-cylindrical metal huts that could be dismantled and reused: Quonset Huts. Their singular design and their multiple uses made Quonset Huts an American military design icon. The daring construction system made it possible to manufacture them in the United States and take them across the Atlantic, armed with a comprehensive instruction manual. The Seabees, American soldiers posted to Spain to build the Naval Station Rota, set up a provisional camp in 1959 comprising fifty-three Quonset Huts. Assembling them in Spain provided housing for 500 soldiers and they were fitted with all types of facilities for their functions. This text aims to shed light on this unknown case of prefabricated dwellings in our country, contextualising the history of their design, construction and installation, and analysing the repercussion of this constructive experiment in the early days of prefabricated construction in Spain.
Different facets of dry–wet patterns in south-western China over the past 27 000 years
Authors: Liao Mengna , Li Kai , Sun Weiwei , Ni Jian 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Frequently occurring mega-droughts under current global climate
change have attracted broad social attention. A paleoclimatic perspective is
needed to increase our understanding of the causes and effects of droughts.
South-western (SW) China has been threatened by severe seasonal droughts. Our
current knowledge of millennial-scale dry and wet phases in this region is
primarily based on the variability of the Indian summer monsoon. However,
water availability over land does not always follow patterns of monsoonal
precipitation but also depends on water loss from evaporation and
transpiration. Here, we reconstructed precipitation intensity, lake
hydrological balance and the soil water stress index (SWSI) for the last
27 000 years. Grain size, geochemical and pollen records from Yilong Lake
reveal the long-term relationships and inconsistencies of dry–wet patterns
in meteorological, hydrological and soil systems in the central Yunnan region,
SW China. Our results show that the long-term trends among precipitation,
hydrological balance and soil moisture varied through time. The hydrological
balance and soil moisture were primarily controlled by temperature-induced
evaporation change during periods of low precipitation such as the Last
Glacial Maximum and Younger Dryas. During periods of high precipitation (the early to late Holocene), intensified evaporation from the lake surface
offset the effects of increased precipitation on the hydrological balance.
However, abundant rainfall and the dense vegetation canopy circumvented a
soil moisture deficit that might have resulted from rising temperature. In
conclusion, the hydrological balance in the central Yunnan region was more
sensitive to temperature change while soil moisture could be further
regulated by vegetation changes over millennial timescales. Therefore, under
future climate warming, the surface water shortage in the central Yunnan region
may become even more serious. Our study suggests that reforestation efforts
may provide some relief to soil moisture deficits in this region.
The impact of deep convection representation in a global atmospheric model on the warm conveyor belt and jet stream during NAWDEX IOP6
Authors: Rivière Gwendal , Wimmer Meryl , Arbogast Philippe , Piriou Jean-Marcel , Delanoë Julien , Labadie Carole , Cazenave Quitterie , Pelon Jacques 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The effect of parameterized deep convection on warm conveyor belt (WCB) activity and the jet stream is investigated by performing simulations of an explosively developing large-scale cyclone that occurred during the North Atlantic Waveguide and Downstream Impact Experiment (NAWDEX) field campaign using the Météo-France global atmospheric model ARPEGE. Three simulations differing only from their deep convection representation are analysed. The first one was performed with the Bougeault (1985) scheme (B85), the second one with the Prognostic Condensates Microphysics and Transport (PCMT) scheme of Piriou et al. (2007), and the third one without any parameterized deep convection. In the latter simulation, the release of convective instability at the resolved scales of the model generates localized cells marked by strong heating with few degrees extent in longitude and latitude along the fronts. In runs with active parameterized deep convection (B85, PCMT), the heating rate is more homogeneously distributed along fronts as the instability release happens at subgrid scales. This difference leads to more rapid and abrupt ascents in the WCB without parameterized deep convection and more moderate but more sustained ascents with parameterized deep convection. While the number of WCB trajectories does not differ much between the three simulations, the averaged heating rates over the WCB trajectories exhibits distinct behaviour. After 1 d of simulations, the upper-level heating rate is on average larger, with the B85 scheme leading to stronger potential vorticity (PV) destruction. The difference comes from the resolved sensible and latent heating and not the parameterized one.
A comparison with (re)analyses and a large variety of airborne observations from the NAWDEX field campaign (Doppler radar, Doppler lidar, dropsondes) made during the coordinated flights of two aircraft in the WCB outflow region shows that B85 performs better in the representation of the double jet structure at 1 d lead time than the other two simulations. That can be attributed to the more active WCB at upper levels. However, this effect is too strong and that simulation becomes less realistic than the other ones at forecast ranges beyond 1.5 d. The simulation with the PCMT scheme has an intermediate behaviour between the one with the B85 scheme and without parameterized deep convection, but its impact on the jet stream is closer to the latter one. Finally, additional numerical experiments show that main differences in the impact on the jet between PCMT and B85 largely come from the chosen closure, with the former being based on CAPE and the latter on moisture convergence.
Trabajo social y servicios sociales: una relación ambivalente
Authors: Nebreda Roca María Isabel , Rodríguez Cabrero Gregorio 
Published: October 2021

Este texto analiza la relación ambivalente entre el trabajo social y el sistema de servicios sociales. Primero se define, desde su génesis sociohistórica, los objetivos del trabajo social (como acción social de proximidad científicamente fundada) y de los servicios sociales (gestión de prestaciones y servicios de prevención, rehabilitación y apoyo en situaciones de carencia grave y vulnerabilidad. A continuación, se analizan los cambios en la práctica del trabajo social enfatizando en su lógica de proximidad y cuidado, así como en sus limitaciones estructurales. También se considera el trabajo social desde la lógica de la inversión social, lo que supone considerar la doble aplicación de políticas de apoyo a la vez que de exigencia de autocontrol y rendimiento por parte de las personas vulnerables. Finalmente, el trabajo se pregunta qué retos afronta el trabajo social en los años venideros en el marco condicionante de sociedades en las que la precariedad laboral y la exclusión se han extendido y enquistado.
Adaptive Comparative Judgment and Psychological Safety in Accounting Education
Authors: Bartholomew Scott R , Jones Matthew D. , Hawkins Steven R. , Orton Jeff 
Published: October 2021

Traditional Accounting curricula include instruction on the preparation of audit documentation, however, experiential instruction for students on the process of review-both as a reviewer and reviewee-is often scarce or missing. This study investigated a classroom intervention that engaged undergraduate students in peer-review activities to gauge how peer review and feedback impacted student performance and their perceptions of being able to engage in interpersonal risks. Using a case-method approach, students developed audit workpapers that were later peer-reviewed through a digital system utilizing adaptive comparative judgment (ACJ). Students’ achievement scores were collected, and students also completed a pre/post survey on psychological safety. Our results indicate that student psychological safety increased over the course of the semester; however, the peer review process through ACJ did not significantly improve student performance within the class. The students responded positively to the intervention as an engaging learning process and effective in teaching real-world skills. Thus, this intervention provides an example of how peer review activities could enhance the learning experience for students.
Infrastructure, Trade Costs, and Aid for Trade: The Imperatives for African Economies
Authors: Tadesse Bedassa , Fayissa Bichaka , Shukralla Elias 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Using comprehensive bilateral trade costs data and a new index of infrastructure spanning from the 2002–11 period, we (1) examine the impact of aid-for-trade (AFT) from bilateral (BLT) and multilateral (MLT) sources on trade costs facing AFT recipient countries and (2) identify the role that improvements in infrastructure may play on the effectiveness of AFT inflows. Our results from a multilevel mixed-effects model indicate that increased AFT inflows from both sources reduce bilateral trade costs of the AFT recipient countries. Our results also indicate that infrastructure endowment promotes the bilateral (BLT) trade costs reduction effects of AFT inflows even much larger, hinting important policy implications relevant for strengthening the effectiveness of aid-for-trade and further aid extensions in general, especially targeted toward infrastructure improvements.
A-4 A comparative Study of contemporary issues between the two interpretations (Tibyan ul Furqan by ludhyanvi and Fahmul Quran by Mian Muhammad Jameel)
Authors: Siddiqui Khawaja Saif –Ur-Rehmam , Shafiq Usama , Khaliq Abdul 
Published: October 2021

In this article provided a comparative overview of the contemporary issues of the two modern Interpretations .These are the modern issues that are discussed in it :Emirate of woman and Islam, Women's rights are equal to the rights of Men ,so that humanity is in Islam ,Men are the guardians of Women in transactions ,Women comfort in convict. The status of women among the people of Greece and Roman, The differed for the duration of breastfeeding, Separation of the child is permissible before the end of the lactation period ,Western outrageous culture and its impact ,Fee for nursing parent ,The issue of the sanctity of usury. Promoted image of usury in the era of ignorance and its rule. Updated pictures of usury and its ruling. Punishment for usury eaters, Harms of usury and the benefits of alms. The sanctity of usury and the living system in Islam ,The difference between trade and usury. The issue of polygamy, the benefits of polygamy and the wisdom of Sharia, the Holy Prophet(S.A.W.S) and polygamy, the issue of marriage between a Muslim and an infidel, is it permissible to marry a Muslim with the people of the book?
E-15 The Collaborator, a Mirror of Indian Hegemony over Kashmiri Muslims: A Post-Colonial Study
Authors: Ahsan Muhammad 
Published: October 2021

Mirza Waheed in ‘The Collaborator’ shows how power works and affects the identity of discriminated and marginalized people of Indian held Kashmir. This research focuses on the powerful use of consent and coercion to exert their power over the weak territories. Antonio Gramsci’s concept of hegemony is used to explore the operation of power in Waheed’ The Collaborator (2011).This analysis clearly identifies that this work is full of hegemonic trends and patterns of Indian government in Kashmir and Kashmiri Muslims. The study also makes us aware of the Kashmiri Muslim society which can never become autonomous. The narrative enhances its impact by expounding neglected voices of Kashmiris who are neglected both by their own people and aliens in the valley. This paper aptly finds that Indian administration is making every effort to impose its hegemony and supremacy on Kashmiri Muslims. Waheed affirms emphatically that the poor inhabitants of village Nowgam are spending tragic lives facing threats, danger and long crackdowns because of vicious and menacing behavior of Indian forces. This paper interprets the selected text of “The Collaborator” as a representative of hegemonic Kashmiri Muslims’ narrative.
E-6 The Compulsion Upon Muslims to Migrate Towards the Medina: (An Analytical Study of the Objectives and Causes From Historical Perspective)
Authors: Akhter Naseem 
Published: October 2021

Allah (SWT) is a lord of the universe and everything which are in this universe, these all are in the hand of Allah (SWT). When a load of evil acts were increased upon earth, then Allah (SWT) sent His last messenger Hadrat Muhammad (PBUH) to guide the off-track people. At that time, the entire world has drowned up in sinful deeds. The pagan Arab was illiterate, they forgot the name of Allah (SWT) and they made many idols for worship. In the ignorant Arab society, women and slaves were deprived of their fundamental rights. The girls were buried alive in the dust. It needed that someone guides them towards the right path. Hence, Allah (SWT) showered His blessing upon people and He selected the name of Muhammad (PBUH) for this mission. Hadrat Muhammad (PBUH) started his mission as a messenger of Allah (SWT) in pagan Arab society and preached the Islamic teachings for thirteen years in Makkah, besides the hard efforts, some people converted to Islam. The Holy Prophet (PBUH) and Muslims were facing the worst situation in Makkah. Ignorant Arabia increased their cruelty upon Muslims with the passage of time, hence, in this unpleasant environment, it was not possible for Muslims to fulfill the commands of Islam. Therefore, the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and Muslims migrated to Medina. The people of Medina were soft-hearted rather than Makkan's people and the environment was also pleasant for living. So, Hadrat Muhammad (PBUH) established an Islamic state there, where Muslims were easily accomplishing all the commands of Islam and as well as, all the basic rights were given to them. It was the first Muslim state in Medina, where the equality, justice, brotherhood, peace and harmony etc were maintained among people. The aim of this paper is to highlight the objectives of migration of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) to Medina. This work will be an important research work for its theme. Which will provide a lot of information for readers and researchers.
Petrology of lamprophyric in northern Jirandeh, Iran
Authors: Soleimani Abdolreza , Haghnazar Shahrooz , Vosoughi Abedini Mansour , Hakimi Asiaber Saeed 
Published: October 2021

This study was performed on the outcrops of lamprophyric lavas found in the north of Jirandeh and east of Lushan in the mountain of Alborz (north of Iran). These lavas has been placed discordantly on the middle Eocene lime..Petrographic observation indicates olivine phenocrysts, green-core alkaline clinopyroxenes, nepheline, abundant biotite, and apatites with flakes. and in the matrix it also contains biotite, olivine, clinopyroxene and plagioclase.The presence of carbonates, plagioclase and xenocrystals with rounded margins asserts the contamination with continental crust Petrologically, these rocks classify as alkaline lamprophyres of comptonite variety.These rocks can be subsumed under alkaline sodic categories at K2O/Na2O<1 ratio. The rare elements patterns in the rocks, normalized with the primitive mantle, causing partial negative Nb anomalies and showing no blades at the surface. It, therefore, can be indicative of the evidence for an intraplate magmatism with the different degree in the crustal contamination. Geochemistry states the first cause of asthenospheric flow can be occurred at La/Nb<1 and La/Ta 13 ratios, and the presence of garnet can be assumed at 1/8< (Tb/Yb) N ratio in the rocks origin area. In tectonic discrimination diagrams, these rocks fall in the range of intra-continental rift zones. Geochemical analyses indicate that these lamprophyres originate from partial (1%) melting of an OIB-like asthenospheric mantle source of lherzolite garnet nature.
Desarrollo y estudio de características de sondas de vibraciones de fibra óptica
Authors: Soloviev Vladimir S. , Timoshenkov Sergey P. , Timoshenkov Andrey S. 
Published: October 2021

La integración de dispositivos ópticos en microelectrónica es muy atractiva para desarrollar subminiaturización continua y aumentar la velocidad de transmisión de datos. Por lo tanto aquí se tiene por objetivo presentar y explorar todas las oportunidades del uso de una sonda óptica simple basado en la reflexión de la luz de una superficie vibradora.Se miden las vibraciones por medir la amplituda de un cono de luz radiante en función de la distancia hasta la superficie vibradora. Se llevaron a cabo las pruebas usando la fibra óptica más popular con una apertura numérica de 0.12. La longitud de la onda láser en la sonda fue 1 310 nm. El láser usado en el canal de medida del banco de control tenía una onda de 640 nm. El resultado de las pruebas fue la construcción de una sonda de vibraciones simple basado en fibra óptica mediante el uso del láser, optodiodo y esplitter. Se mostró por experimentación que la amplitud de la luz reflejada cambiaba según la ley exponencial en función de la distancia hasta la superficie vibradora. La exactitud de las mediciones por el interferómetro fue 22 nm. El largo de coherencia de los láseres usados en este dispositivo fue 2 mm. Ese largo bien bastaba para derivar un patrón de franjas de contraste. Se midieron las vibraciones de varias superficies de 500 μm a 22 nm. Una ventaja de la sonda es su simplicidad máxima y una exactitud de mediciones bastante alta. La frecuencia medida de vibraciones se limita sólo a la caraсterística transmisora de la parte electrónica de la sonda. Los materiales aquí presentados son de valor práctica para usar sus principios en medidores micro de acceleraciones, sondas de velocidad angular y muchas otras sondas de cantidades físicas.
Dal “crocifisso di Stato” al “crocifisso di classe” (nota a margine di Cass., SS. UU., 9 settembre 2021, n. 24414)
Authors: Colaianni Nicola 
Published: October 2021

SOMMARIO: 1. Quadro normativo - 2. Ragionevole accomodamento - 3. Procedimento e soluzioni - 4. Inconvenienti di fatto e prospettive - Appendice.
From the “crucifix of State” to the “crucifix of class” (note in margin of Cassation 2021 sept. 9, n. 24414).
ABSTRACT: The display of a crucifix in the classrooms is a request furniture by students. In case of dissent by other students or by teachers the headteacher has to search for a mediation, namely a reasonable accomodation, among the conflicting opinions.
Cultura e cidade em debate: o caso de Sobral, no nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Lima-Ferreira Dioclide 
Published: October 2021

Pensar as cidades brasileiras é pensar num contexto de desigualdades que se acirra por regiões. No entanto, nos anos 2000 o crescimento econômico brasileiro permitiu o desenvolvimento econômico de várias cidades numa das regiões mais desfavorecidas economicamente do país, no caso a região nordeste. E uma cidade no estado do Ceará se destaca, Sobral. Neste artigo, objetiva-se analisar a cultura e suas ressignificações a partir das modificações no espaço urbano de Sobral. Como esses elementos interferem na vida dos cidadãos.
Desarrollo de un modelo para la gestión del humedal Urama, Venezuela
Authors: López Nereida 
Published: October 2021

El concepto de gestión se ha integrado últimamente a la ecología como un proceso planificado, dinámico y continuo. El compromiso ecológico global establece metas de protección ambiental implementando áreas protegidas (AP). La planificación de la gestión consiste en definir los objetivos respecto de las características ecológicas, procesos y valores del ecosistema. El objetivo de la investigación es la de desarrollar un modelo de gestión del humedal Urama, Venezuela, (MH-CIHAM-UC), basado en el análisis de las políticas y estrategias de gestión de humedales de 14 países de América Latina más España. El modelo aplica la valoración de los componentes de la Convención de Ramsar: Política, características ecológicas, evaluación, objetivos, y plan de acción. Como resultado se ha obtenido un Indicador de Modelo de Gestión de Humedales (IMGH), cuyo valor cuantitativo integral es igual a 0,67, siendo el máximo igual a 1. Para la valoración cualitativa del IMGH, 13,3 % alcanza la categoría “muy alto”, el 33,33% “alto”, el 20% “mediano” y el 33,33% “bajo”. Con este resultado se desarrolla el MH-CIHAM-UC integrando 5 componentes, 28 variables y 56 atributos para un proceso de diagnóstico y evaluación, considerando las variables de impacto para la toma de decisión del Plan de Acción.