bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of recovery rate among undernourished HIV-positive adults treated with ready-to-use therapeutic food at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Woldie Habtamu Gebremeskel , Ketema Daniel Bekele , Ayana Mulatu , Alebel Animut 
Published: August 2021

Background
Nutritional support is becoming more widely acknowledged as a crucial component of the key package of care for HIV/AIDS patients. This nutritional support is exceptionally important for patients in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia, where HIV/AIDS is very prevalent. However, there is a lack of evidence on the recovery rate and predictors at the study site and at large in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study will give some insight into the recovery rate and its predictors among under-nourished HIV-positive adults treated with Ready to Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) attending at Debre Markos referral hospital. Moreover, the findings of this study will be used by both governmental and non-governmental organizations to allocate more resources to mitigate the nutritional problems for people living with HIV.

Methods
An institution-based retrospective cohort study was conducted among 453 under-nourished HIV positive adults treated with RUTF at Debre Markos referral Hospital from the 1st of July, 2015 to the 31st of December, 2017. The study participants were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were extracted from patient charts using a standardized data extraction checklist. Data were entered into Epi-Data Version 4.2 and analyzed using Stata Version 14. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to estimate the time to recovery. Log-rank test was used to compare the recovery time between different baseline categorical variables. The bivariable and multivariable Cox-proportional hazard regression models were fitted for potential predictors of recovery time. Adjusted hazard Ratios (AHRs) with 95% CIs were used to measure the strength of association and test statistical significance.

Results
A total of 453 undernourished HIV-positive adults were included in the final analysis. About 201, 44.4% (95%CI: 38.9, 49.0%) patients participating in the RUTF program were recovered based on predetermined exit criteria with incidence of 10.65 (95% CI: 9.28, 12.23) per 100 person-month observations. Being moderately undernourished (AHR: 11.0, 95% CI: 5.3, 23.1), WHO clinical stage (I or II) (AHR:1.8, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.6), and working functional status at baseline (AHR = 2.34, 95%CI: 1.01,5.45) were predictors of recovery time.

Conclusion
This study concluded that the overall nutritional recovery rate was below the acceptable minimum requirement which at least 75% of patients should recovered. Mild to moderate undernutrition at baseline, WHO clinical stage I or II at enrolment, and working functional status were found to be predictors of recovery time in HIV/AIDS patients treated with the RUTF. As a result, special attention should be paid to severely malnourished patients, WHO clinical stages III or higher, and patients who are bedridden or ambulatory during treatment.
Impact of early corticosteroids on 60-day mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19: A multicenter cohort study of the OUTCOMEREA network
Authors: Dupuis Claire , de Montmollin Etienne , Buetti Niccolò , Goldgran-Toledano Dany , Reignier Jean , Schwebel Carole , Domitile Julien , Neuville Mathilde , Ursino Moreno , Siami Shidasp , Ruckly Stéphane , Alberti Corinne , Mourvillier Bruno , Bailly Sebastien , Laurent Virginie , Gainnier Marc , Souweine Bertrand , Timsit Jean-François ,   on behalf of the OutcomeReaTM research network
Published: August 2021

Objectives
In severe COVID-19 pneumonia, the appropriate timing and dosing of corticosteroids (CS) is not known. Patient subgroups for which CS could be more beneficial also need appraisal. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of early CS in COVID-19 pneumonia patients admitted to the ICU on the occurrence of 60-day mortality, ICU-acquired-bloodstream infections(ICU-BSI), and hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia(HAP-VAP).

Methods
We included patients with COVID-19 pneumonia admitted to 11 ICUs belonging to the French OutcomeReaTM network from January to May 2020. We used survival models with ponderation with inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW).

Results
The study population comprised 303 patients having a median age of 61.6 (53–70) years of whom 78.8% were male and 58.6% had at least one comorbidity. The median SAPS II was 33 (25–44). Invasive mechanical ventilation was required in 34.8% of the patients. Sixty-six (21.8%) patients were in the Early-C subgroup. Overall, 60-day mortality was 29.4%. The risks of 60-day mortality (IPTWHR = 0.86;95% CI 0.54 to 1.35, p = 0.51), ICU-BSI and HAP-VAP were similar in the two groups. Importantly, early CS treatment was associated with a lower mortality rate in patients aged 60 years or more (IPTWHR, 0.53;95% CI, 0.3–0.93; p = 0.03). In contrast, CS was associated with an increased risk of death in patients younger than 60 years without inflammation on admission (IPTWHR = 5.01;95% CI, 1.05, 23.88; p = 0.04).

Conclusion
For patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, early CS treatment was not associated with patient survival. Interestingly, inflammation and age can significantly influence the effect of CS.
COVID-19 and psychological distress: Lessons for India
Authors: Anand Vaijayanthee , Verma Luv , Aggarwal Aekta , Nanjundappa Priyadarshini , Rai Himanshu 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
The COVID-19 pandemic has undoubtedly altered the routine of life and caused unanticipated changes resulting in severe psychological responses and mental health crisis. The study aimed to identify psycho-social factors that predicted distress among Indian population during the spread of novel Coronavirus.

Method
An online survey was conducted to assess the predictors of distress. A global logistic regression model was built, by identifying significant factors from individual logistic regression models built on various groups of independent variables. The prediction capability of the model was compared with the random forest classifier.

Results
The respondents (N = 1060) who are more likely to be distressed, are in the age group of 21-35 years, are females (OR = 1.425), those working on site (OR = 1.592), have pre-existing medical conditions (OR = 1.682), do not have health insurance policy covering COVID-19 (OR = 1.884), have perceived seriousness of COVID-19 (OR = 1.239), have lack of trust in government (OR = 1.246) and whose basic needs’ fulfillment are unsatisfactory (OR = 1.592). The ones who are less likely to be distressed, have higher social support and psychological capital. Random forest classifier correctly classified 2.3% and 17.1% of people under lower and higher distress respectively, with respect to logistic regression.

Conclusions
This study confirms the prevalence of high distress experienced by Indians at the time of COVID-19 and provides pragmatic implications for psychological health at macro and micro levels during an epidemiological crisis.
Teaching, Friendship and Humanity, Nuraan Davids and Yusef Waghid (2020)
Authors: Terblanche Judith 
Published: August 2021

Review of: Teaching, Friendship and Humanity, Nuraan Davids and Yusef Waghid (2020)
Singapore: Springer, 109 pp.,
ISBN 978-981-15-7212-8, e-book, €42.79
Análisis cuantitativo del ordenamiento de alúmina anódica nanoporosa obtenida a diferentes potenciales de anodizado
Authors: Aguilar-Sierra Sara María , Echeverría Félix 
Published: August 2021

Contexto: La alúmina anódica nanoporosa es un material de gran interés debido a su baja densidad, alta relación de aspecto y a que es posible obtener estructuras altamente ordenadas de ella. En las últimas décadas, los investigadores han concentrado sus esfuerzos en controlar las características morfológicas de los arreglos de poros fabricados, particularmente su ordenamiento. Recientemente, se empezó a migrar la caracterización del ordenamiento de las estructuras de cualitativa a cuantitativa, conllevando esto al desarrollo de herramientas de caracterización más precisas.
Método: En este trabajo se evaluó el efecto del potencial de anodizado en el ordenamiento de alúmina anódica nanoporosa (AAN) fabricada en ácido oxálico al 0,3 M. Se empleó la transformada rápida de Fourier (TRF) como herramienta para cuantificar el ordenamiento de la AAN fabricada. Los valores del grado de ordenamiento se obtuvieron mediante el cálculo del radio de regularidad basado en las imágenes obtenidas de las TRF generadas a partir de las imágenes superficiales de microscopía electrónica de barrido (MEB) de las muestras de AAN.
Resultados: Se observó que a medida que el potencial de anodizado aumenta, el radio de regularidad disminuye para los potenciales evaluados. Adicionalmente, se evidenció que el diámetro de poro y la distancia entre poros aumentan con el potencial de anodizado.
Conclusiones: Estructuras altamente ordenadas pueden ser obtenidas mediante el anodizado de aluminio puro en ácido oxálico al 0,3 M a 40 V, 50 V y 55 V. El cálculo del radio de regularidad representa un valioso instrumento para la caracterización cuantitativa del ordenamiento de las estructuras de AAN. La determinación del grado de ordenamiento de la AAN se relaciona con sus propiedades y por lo tanto con su aplicación. La comprensión del efecto del potencial de anodizado en el ordenamiento de los poros de alúmina proporciona herramientas para mejorar el diseño de dispositivos basados en la AAN.

Agradecimientos: Los autores agradecen a la Universidad Cat´olica Luis Amig´o por la financiaci´on del proyecto n´umero: 57156 y a Colciencias y la Universidad de Antioquia, con el n´umero de contrato: 0636-2013.
IMPLEMENTATION OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT: THE EFFECT ON PATIENT SAFETY CULTURE, SERVICE QUALITY, AND ITS IMPACT ON PATIENT SATISFACTION AND PRIVATE HOSPITAL PERFORMANCE IN MANADO CITY
Authors: Pondaag Jessy Jousina , Kindangen Paulus , Tawas Hendra N. , Sumarauw Jacky Sigfried Beatrix 
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) on patient safety culture, service quality, patient satisfaction, and hospital performance. This research conducted in private hospitals in Manado City which are: GMIM Pancaran Kasih Hospital, Advent Hospital, Sitti Maryam Hospital, and Siloam Hospital. The research approach used in this research is quantitative approach.
The population in this research is the inpatients. Data collection technique conducted by questionnaires, documentation and observation. The sampling technique used in this research is saturated sampling (census). Data analysis conducted by using path analysis with the using SPSS ver. 25.
The result of this research shows that the implementation of Total Quality Management impacted positively significantly on patient safety culture, the implementation of Total Quality Management impacted positively significantly on hospital service quality, the implementation of Total Quality Management impacted insignificantly on patient satisfaction, the implementation of Total Quality Management impacted positively significantly on hospital performance, Patient Safety Culture impacted positively significantly on patient satisfaction, Patient Safety Culture impacted positively significantly on hospital performance, Service Quality impacted positively significantly on hospital performance, Hospital Performance impacted positively significantly on hospital performance, and Patient Satisfaction impacted positively significantly on hospital performance.
Why children’s news matters: The case of CBBC Newsround in the UK
Authors: Carter Cynthia , Steemers Jeanette , Davies Máire Messenger 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
There has never been a greater need for reliable, truthful news to help citizens navigate and assess the veracity of what they are reading and viewing, especially on social media. Widespread concerns around ‘fake’ news demonstrate an enduring requirement for curated and trustworthy children’s news that addresses children as young citizens with certain rights. Drawing on recent UK events, we discuss the case for children’s news provision by public service broadcasting (PSB) from a communication rights perspective by analyzing the BBC’s 2019 plans to reduce the broadcast presence and originated hours of its flagship news service, Newsround, in favor of online distribution.
Serum adiponectin, body adiposity and metabolic parameters in obese Egyptian children with Down syndrome
Authors: Yahia Sohier , El-Farahaty Reham , EL-Gilany Abdel-Hady , Shoaib Rasha , Ramadan Rowayda , Salem Nanees 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Children with Down syndrome (DS) have a higher risk for obesity. Adiponectin plays a crucial role in obesity-related cardiometabolic comorbidities. The study aimed to explore whether body adiposity indicators, the frequency of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components, serum adiponectin and insulin resistance indices as well as the validity of serum adiponectin as a biomarker for MetS are different in prepubertal obese-DS children compared to matched obese-controls.

Methods
Cross-sectional study included 150 prepubertal children classfied into three groups; obese-DS (n=50), obese-control (n=50) and normal-weight-control (n=50). Participants were evaluated for waist-circumference (WC), body adiposity, serum triglycerides, HDL-C, adiponectin and Homeostasis-Model-Assessment of Insulin-Resistance (HOMA-IR). MetS was defined using modified Adult Treatment Panel III-criteria.

Results
Obese-DS had significantly higher WC, %body fat, total-fat mass, trunk-fat mass, trunk/appendicular-fat mass ratio, triglycerides, insulin and HOMA-IR and significantly lower HDL-C values compared to obese-control. Higher prevalence of MetS and its components were observed in obese-DS that was evident at younger age. Adiponectin was significantly lower in obese-DS compared with obese-control and in obese-DS children with MetS compared to obesecontrol with MetS. The decrease in adiponectin with increasing grades of obesity was pronounced in obese-DS. Adiponectin exhibited strong correlations with body adiposity, several MetS components and HOMA-IR in obese-DS. Adiponectin performed better as a biomarker for MetS among obese-DS (AUC=0.808) than obese-control (AUC=0.674).

Conclusions
Prepubertal obese-DS displayed excess body adiposity with pronounced central fat distribution, atherogenic lipid profile and higher insulin resistance compared to matched obese-control. Adiponectin performed better as potential biomarker of MetS in obese-DS than obese-control.
Malabou’s Political Critique of Speculative Realism
Authors: Harman Graham 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA recent political critique of Speculative Realism by Catherine Malabou finds fault with this loosely arranged movement for its focus on reality in its own right, apart from the subject. Malabou responds with a radical ontological claim, holding effectively – if not always explicitly – that subject and object mutually generate one another amidst a primal void. After criticizing this idea, I point to some of the difficult political consequences of such a position, though Malabou defines it positively as an anarchic awakening that generates new collectivities unconstrained by any thing-in-itself. By contrast, I contend that nonhuman constraints and collaborators are an intimate part of the human political sphere. More generally, it is shown that there are consequences for which sorts of relations are taken to be the primary political relations.
Market Structure and Bank Conduct in the MENA Region
Authors: Awdeh Ali , El Moussawi Chawki , Hamadi Hassan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The Middle East North Africa (MENA) region is witnessing a wave of bank consolidations, with many mega-mergers taking place in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. These will result in creating large banks, reducing the number of market players and increasing market concentration; which is already high. A further increase in concentration may raise concerns about the resulting dominance of large banks and the consequences on their pricing behaviour. The interrelationships between market structure and pricing behaviour is summarised by the popular model of industrial economics called the structure–conduct–performance (SCP) model. Consequently, we test the prevalence of this model in a sample of 15 MENA banking sectors to detect the possible existence of an impact running particularly from the structure of banking markets to the pricing behaviour (power) of banks in order to predict a possible emergence of oligopolistic behaviour following bank consolidations. Using a two-stage least squares model, we found a positive and significant impact of market concentration on bank pricing, suggesting that an further increase in MENA banking markets’ concentration may boost banks pricing power and persuade them to increase their returns at the expense of their customers.
A phonological reanalysis of morphological segment deletion and de-affrication in Ik
Authors: Ulfsbjorninn Shanti 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIk presents a widespread pattern of allomorphy characterised by morpheme-specific segment-zero alternations (deletions) and de-affrication. Part of the process is clearly phonological because it applies to every item in the language. Final vowels are devoiced into oblivion, though they are always recoverable in Non-Domain-Final context. Case allomorphy shows various item-specific patterns, some affixes overwrite the final-vowels of roots, others do not, and others yet exhibit consonant-zero alternations. Meanwhile, interestingly, there is (ostensibly) morphologically-sensitive consonant deletion that is fully complementary with what is clearly phonological vowel deletion. In fact, an entirely phonological analysis is possible if the consonant-zero alternations are modelled by floating consonants belonging to the exponents of certain morphemes. Therefore, the item/morpheme-specific aspect of the process is actually specific to the exponent of that morpheme. This locates the whole analysis in the phonology and provides a straightforward account of the complementarity of the two deletion processes. The formal analysis is very close to what has been proposed for French, with its floating consonants and its irregular hiatus-driven vowel deletion. The analysis will then be extended to the item-specific idiosyncratic process of de-affrication that is blocked, not by coincidence, precisely in morphologically overwriting environments. In the end, all the phenomena can be accounted for in a modular analysis, provided one gets the representations right.
The Acute Effects From the Use of Weighted Implements on Skill Enhancement in Sport: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jermyn Sam , O'Neill Cian , Coughlan Edward K. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Jermyn, S, Neill, CO, and Coughlan, EK. The acute effects from the use of weighted implements on skill enhancement in sport: A systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 35(10): 2922–2935, 2021—Weighted implements are used before competitive performance with the aim of enhancing motor skill execution on return to the standard implement. The purpose of this review was to analyze the existing literature pertaining to the acute effects of weighted implements on respective sporting performance. Following a systematic screening process, 25 studies were identified. This review highlighted the effects of (a) weighted balls and bats on throwing and batting performance and (b) indoor weight throw implements on indoor weight throw performance. Studies reported conflicting effects on immediate performance post–warm-up with the respective implements. Notably, although overweighted bats and overweight attachments are a prominent preparatory tool in baseball, this review found consistent and repeated evidence of degraded batting performance in striking-based studies. Decreased bat velocity, altered swing patterns, subjective-objective mismatches of bat speed and weight, temporal accuracy errors, and inadequate recalibration to the standard bat were identified as acute effects. This review identified an obvious dearth of research into the acute effects of weighted implements on motor skills in other sports with equally complex perceptual motor patterns, such as football (soccer), golf, rugby, basketball, and American football. Future weighted implement research should investigate the acute effects of respective implements on motor skill performance in other sports, such as those aforementioned, with the purpose of exploring relevant implications for preparatory strategies and immediate performance on return to the standard implement.
Automatic Observation of Astronomical Coordinates Using the Shandong University of Science and Technology/National Astronomical Observatories Digital Zenith Tube
Authors: Yuan Jiajia , Guo Jinyun , Shen Yi , Dai Jie , Liu Xin , Kong Qiaoli 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The digital zenith tube (DZT) is developed based on the astrogeodetic and photogrammetric theory. One prototype of DZT integrating techniques of global positioning system (GPS) and charge-coupled device (CCD) photogrammetry has been developed jointly by Shandong University of Science and Technology and National Astronomical Observatories of Chinese Science Academy, China. It can automatically estimate astronomical coordinates in real time by CCD star image processing and GPS data processing. The DZT’s errors are analyzed in three aspects, namely, the instrument error, observation error, and data processing error. Reliability and accuracy of DZT integrating GPS and CCD are verified by the practical field operations. Observing results on many unknown points by the repeated observations of each point show the internal precision of the astronomical latitude and longitude. Observing results on several known points and the comparison with the EGM2008-derived results verify the external accuracy of the DZT, and the differences of these points in astronomical latitude and longitude are within ±0.15″ and greater than 1″, respectively.
Deep Learning Based Human Presence Detection
Authors: Balachandran Venketaramana , Shapiee Muhammad Nur Aiman , Ab. Nasir Ahmad Fakhri , Mohd Razman Mohd Azraai , P.P. Abdul Majeed Anwar 
Published: August 2021

Human detection and tracking have been progressively demanded in various industries. The concern over human safety has inhibited the deployment of advanced and collaborative robotics, mainly attributed to the dimensionality limitation of present safety sensing. This study entails developing a deep learning-based human presence detector for deployment in smart factory environments to overcome dimensionality limitations. The objective is to develop a suitable human presence detector based on state-of-the-art YOLO variation to achieve real-time detection with high inference accuracy for feasible deployment at TT Vision Holdings Berhad. It will cover the fundamentals of modern deep learning based object detectors and the methods to accomplish the human presence detection task. The YOLO family of object detectors have truly revolutionized the Computer Vision and object detection industry and have continuously evolved since its development. At present, the most recent variation of YOLO includes YOLOv4 and YOLOv4 - Tiny. These models are acquired and pre-evaluated on the public CrowdHuman benchmark dataset. These algorithms mentioned are pre-trained on the CrowdHuman models and benchmarked at the preliminary stage. YOLOv4 and YOLOv4 – Tiny are trained on the CrowdHuman dataset for 4000 iterations and achieved a mean Average Precision of 78.21% at 25FPS and 55.59% 80FPS, respectively. The models are further fine-tuned on a Custom CCTV dataset and achieved significant precision improvements up to 88.08% at 25 FPS and 77.70% at 80FPS, respectively. The final evaluation justified YOLOv4 as the most feasible model for deployment.