bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on assimilation simulation of chlorophyll a concentrations in a virtual geographic environment
Authors: Guo Fei , Yang Jing , Zhang Jingjia , Zhang Zhuo , Xu Xin , Zhang Hong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChlorophyll a concentration is an important parameter for the characterization of water quality and reflects the degree of eutrophication and the algae content in water bodies. Based on the idea of integrating models, data and visualization to build virtual geographic environments (VGEs), this article proposes a data assimilation scheme based on particle filters to assimilate the concentration of chlorophyll a in a VGE. The VGE is based on a modular concept to design function plugins and perform water quality assimilation simulations and GIS visualization. We conducted assimilation experiments using buoy observation data and forecast chlorophyll a concentrations. During the assimilation stage, the root mean square error and average relative error are notably reduced. The assimilation results indicate that the proposed data assimilation method can significantly improve accuracy in the prediction of chlorophyll a concentrations. An assimilation case study indicates that the VGE can be effectively used in water environment pollution and dynamic process simulations.
Assessment of Geometric Nonlinearities Influence On NASA Rotor 37 Response to Blade Tip/Casing Rubbing Events
Authors: Delhez Elise , Nyssen Florence , Golinval Jean-Claude , Batailly Alain 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper uses a recently derived reduction procedure to study the contact interactions of an industrial blade undergoing large displacements. The reduction technique consists in projecting the dynamical problem onto a reduction basis composed of Craig-Bampton modes and a selection of their modal derivatives. The internal nonlinear forces due to large displacements are evaluated with the stiffness evaluation procedure and contact is numerically handled using Lagrange multipliers. The numerical strategy is applied on an open industrial compressor blade model based on the NASA rotor 37 blade in order to promote reproducibility of results. Two contact scenarios are investigated: one with direct contact between the blade and the casing and one with an abradable material deposited on the casing. The influence of geometric nonlinearities is assessed in both cases. In particular, contact interaction maps and abradable coating wear pattern maps are used to identify the main interactions that can be detrimental for the engine integrity.
Distinguishing volcanic from impact glasses—The case of the Cali glass (Colombia)
Authors: Ferrière Ludovic , Crósta Alvaro P. , Wegner Wencke , Libowitzky Eugen , Iwashita Fabio , Koeberl Christian 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Natural glass occurs on Earth in different geological contexts, mainly as volcanic glass, fulgurites, and impact glass. All these different types of glasses are predominantly composed of silica with variable amounts of impurities, especially the alkalis, and differ in their water content due to their mode of formation. Distinguishing between different types of glasses, on Earth and also on the Moon and on other planetary bodies, can be challenging. This is particularly true for glasses of impact and volcanic origin. Because glass is often used for the determination of the age of geological events, even if out of geological context, as well as to derive pressure and temperature constraints, or to evaluate the volatile contents of magmas and their source regions, we rely on methods that can unambiguously distinguish between the different types of glasses. We used the case of the Cali glass, found in an extended area close to the city of Cali in western Colombia, which was previously suggested to be of impact or volcanic origin, to show that, using a multimethod approach (i.e., combining macroscopic observations, chemical and isotopic data, and H2O content), it is possible to distinguish between different formation modes. A suite of Cali glass samples was analyzed using electron microprobe, instrumental neutron activation analysis, thermal ionization mass spectrometry, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, allowing us to definitively exclude an impact origin and instead classify these glasses as a rhyolitic volcanic glass (obsidian). Our results suggest that other “unusual glass occurrences” that are claimed, but not convincingly proven, to be of impact origin should be reexamined using the same methodology as that applied here.
3 Epidemiology of running-related injuries in the Korean population: a cross-sectional survey of 1046 runners
Authors: Rhim HC , Kim SJ , Jeon JS , Nam HW , Jang KM 
Published: July 2021

AimsRunning is the oldest form of exercise in human history and the most popular exercise in the world.1While running can improve physical fitness and reduce chronic health problems such as obesity and cardiovascular disease, it is also associated with injuries in lower extremities.2However, because there was no consensus definition of running-related injury, the prevalence and incidence of running-related injuries had been reported to vary between 19% and 92%.3Moreover, epidemiology of running-related injuries in Asian populations has been rarely investigated. Therefore, this study was first to use the consensus definition of running-related injuries published in 20153and investigated the epidemiology of running-related injuries in the Korean population.MethodsIn cross-sectional design, an online survey was circulated among various running communities in Korea. The questionnaire contained information on presence and location of pain attributed to running, demographic characteristics, weekly running mileage, training intensity, running pace, type of shoes, foot strike, reason for running, and exercise experience prior to running.ResultsAmong 1046 runners (male=624, female 422) who responded, 94.7% experienced some kind of pain while running, but only 37% were categorized to have running-related injuries. The most common site of injury was the knee followed by ankle. Exercise experience prior to running (OR 1.57 95% CI 1.13–2.21), setting of specific running goals (OR 1.57 95% CI 1.08–2.27), and mileage increases from 20–30 km to 30–40 km (OR 1.66 95% CI 1.06–2.63) were associated with significant increases in running-related injuries.ConclusionIn order to avoid running-related injuries, runners should be careful in increasing weekly mileage. Moreover, runners with previous exercise experience may need to approach running more cautiously. Setting goals may be motivating but at the same time can increase the risk of running-related injuries.ReferencesVidebæk S, Bueno AM, Nielsen RO, Rasmussen S. Incidence of running-related injuries per 1000 h of running in different types of runners: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Sports medicine2015;45(7):1017–26.Van Gent R, Siem D, van Middelkoop M, Van Os A, Bierma-Zeinstra S, Koes B. Incidence and determinants of lower extremity running injuries in long distance runners: a systematic review.British Journal of Sports Medicine2007;41(8):469–80.Yamato TP, Saragiotto BT, Lopes AD. A consensus definition of running-related injury in recreational runners: a modified Delphi approach.Journal of orthopaedic & sports physical therapy2015;45(5):375–80.
5 Examination of the relationship between changes in workload and changes in loaded countermovement jump during a rugby union season
Authors: Strong Rob , West Daniel , Kupsarevic Joe 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundThe loaded countermovement jump (CMJ) is a variation on the normal CMJ (bodyweight-only), used routinely in sport settings as a measure of neuromuscular fatigue (NMF). Although commonplace, the CMJ variables that are most sensitive to NMF remain somewhat unclear.PurposeThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between changes in workload and changes in the loaded CMJ; specifically, to determine its suitability for assessment of NMF.MethodsEighteen professional rugby union players performed loaded CMJ tests on seven occasions over the course of thirteen weeks, during an English top-flight season. Eight CMJ variables were measured, assessing different aspects of the CMJ. Workload was measured by GPS total distance and was the sum of the previous week’s data, recorded in on-field training and match-play. Spearman’s rank-order correlations were calculated to identify the relationship between changes in workload and changes in loaded CMJ variables.ResultsNo significant relationships were found between loaded CMJ variables and workload with no lag or workload lagged one week. Significant relationships were found between workload lagged 2 weeks and flight time/contact time (FT-CT;rs=-0.35; p=0.04) and time to peak power (TtPP;rs=0.35;p=0.05).ConclusionThis study suggests loaded CMJ is not a suitable test to monitor acute changes to NMF. However, results also indicate that FT-CT and TtPP, are associated with changes in workload lagged 2-weeks. Therefore, certain CMJ variables may prove useful to help prescribe alterations to athlete training plans following periods of heavy workload.
Clinical utility of peptide microarrays in the serodiagnosis of neglected tropical diseases in sub-Saharan Africa: protocol for a diagnostic test accuracy systematic review
Authors: Vengesai Arthur , Naicker Thajasvarie , Kasambala Maritha , Midzi Herald , Mduluza-Jokonya Tariro , Rusakaniko Simbarashe , Mduluza Takafira 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionNeglected tropical diseases tend to cluster in the same poor populations and, to make progress with their control, they will have to be dealt with in an integrated manner. Peptide microarrays may be a solution to these problems, where diagnosis for co-infection can be detected simultaneously using the one tool. A meta-analysis using hierarchical models will be performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of peptide microarrays for detecting schistosomiasis (Schistosoma mansoniandS. haematobium), soil-transmitted helminths (Trichuris trichiura,Ascaris lumbricoidesandNecator americanus), trachoma (Chlamydia trachomatis), lymphatic filariasis (Wuchereria bancrofti) and onchocerciasis (Onchocerca volvulus) in people residing in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods and analysisA comprehensive search of the following databases will be performed: Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialised Register, PubMed, EMBASE and The Web of Science. Studies comparing peptide microarrays with a reference standard from a random or consecutive series of patients will be included in the study. Two review authors will independently screen titles and abstracts for relevance, assess full-text articles for inclusion and carry out data extraction using a tailored data extraction form. The quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool will be used to assess the quality of the selected studies. The bivariate model and the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curve model will be performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the peptide microarrays. Meta-regression analyses will be performed to investigate heterogeneity across studies.Ethics and disseminationThere is no requirement for ethical approval because the work will be carried out using previously published data, without human beings involvement. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication and in conference presentations.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020175145.
Influence of ecological momentary assessment study design features on reported willingness to participate and perceptions of potential research studies: an experimental study
Authors: Smyth Joshua M , Jones Dusti R , Wen Cheng K F , Materia Frank T , Schneider Stefan , Stone Arthur 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveIntensive ambulatory assessment, such as ecological momentary assessment (EMA), is increasingly used to capture naturalistic patient-reported outcomes. EMA design features (eg, study duration, prompt frequency) vary widely between studies, but it is not known if such design decisions influence potential subjects’ willingness to participate in a study. We hypothesise that intentions to participate will be higher in studies that are less burdensome and have higher reward (eg, compensation).DesignThis experimental study examined if four EMA study design features (study duration, prompt frequency, prompt length, compensation) affected intentions to participate in a hypothetical EMA study and participation appraisals (eg, participation effort). Participants were randomly assigned to conditions (reflecting a fully crossed design of the four features, each with two levels). Each condition presented a vignette describing a study (each a unique combination of design features) and asked them to report on likelihood of participating and study appraisals.ParticipantsA convenience sample of participants (n=600; 46% female,Mage=40.39) were recruited using an online service.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcomes were willingness to participate (No/Yes) and reported participation likelihood (0–100 scale). Secondary outcomes included appraisals of interest, enjoyment, effort, and if the study makes a valuable contribution to science.ResultsWe examined main effects, and two-way interactions for participation likelihood, across study design features. Overall, reported willingness to participate and participation likelihood were high (89%,M=83.90, respectively). Shorter study duration, fewer prompts, shorter prompts and higher compensation increased willingness to participate and elicited higher participation likelihood (each associated with ~6%–8% increases). Findings suggested that more intensive studies were judged as somewhat less interesting and enjoyable, and requiring more effort.ConclusionHypotheses were generally supported. Design features influence behavioural intentions to participate in, and appraisals of, EMA studies. Implications for participant recruitment and generalisability, and remaining research questions, are discussed.
Two-year follow-up cohort study focused on gender-specific associations between socioeconomic status and body weight changes in overweight and obese middle-aged and older adults
Authors: Biskup Malgorzata , Macek Pawel , Gozdz Stanislaw , Terek-Derszniak Malgorzata , Krol Halina , Kedzierawski Piotr , Zak Marek 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveAs overall spread of obesity in populations is generally acknowledged to result from unhealthy lifestyles rather than individual genetic makeup, this study aimed to gain specific insights into its determinants through assessing the prevalent associations between individual socioeconomic status (SES) and weight loss in overweight and obese men and women.MethodsA prospective, 2-year follow-up study covered 3362 (38.0% men) respondents, aged 43–64 years, body mass index ≥25 kg/m2. Changes in body weight were estimated as a percentage of initial weight. Three categories of changes were defined: gained ≥3%, stable (gained <3% or lost <3%), lost ≥3%. Body weight loss was determined against three categories: lost ≥3 to <5%, lost ≥5 to <10%, lost ≥10%. Select SES variables (ie, gender, age, education, marital status, occupational activity and income) were determined in line with the Health Status Questionnaire. The associations between SES and body weight changes were analysed with the aid of logistic regression models. The results were presented as ORs with 95% CIs.ResultsOnly 18% of the respondents had complied with the medical recommendations on weight loss. Significant differences were encountered between the gender, age and occupational activity variables and the weight loss one. Multifactorial models were used to determine the following gender-specific associations between SES and weight loss. Men with moderate income had significantly higher odds for weight loss (≈75%), as compared with the higher earners, whereas women with low income, occupationally inactive, had significantly higher odds (≈30% and ≈50%, respectively), as compared with the high earners and occupationally active ones.ConclusionsLower education, male gender, lower income per household, older age and unemployment status were the established factors predisposing to obesity. While aiming to ensure effectiveness of the measures specifically aimed at preventing obesity, population groups deemed most at risk of potential weight gain must prior be identified.
Role of hypertension in the association of overweight and obesity with diabetes among adults in Bangladesh: a population-based, cross-sectional nationally representative survey
Authors: Hossain Md Belal , Khan Jahidur Rahman , Das Gupta Rajat 
Published: July 2021

AimsOverweight and obesity (OWOB) is a modifiable risk factor for both hypertension and diabetes. However, the association between OWOB and diabetes among Bangladeshi adults and how hypertension may mediate this relationship are not well explored. This study aimed to examine (1) whether OWOB is independently associated with diabetes among Bangladeshi adults, (2) whether this association is mediated by hypertension, and (3) the effect modification by wealth status and place of residence in the relationships.Research design and methodsWe used data of 9305 adults aged ≥18 years from the most recent nationally representative cross-sectional study of Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017–2018. Design-based logistic regression was used to assess the association between OWOB and diabetes, and counterfactual framework-based weighting approach was used to evaluate the mediation effect of hypertension in the OWOB–diabetes relationship. We used stratified analyses for the effect modifications.ResultsThe prevalence of OWOB, diabetes and hypertension was 48.5%, 11.7% and 30.3%, respectively. We observed a significant association between OWOB and diabetes and a mediating role of hypertension in the OWOB–diabetes association. The odds of diabetes was 51% higher among adults with OWOB than those without OWOB (adjusted OR: 1.51, 95% CI 1.29 to 1.77). We observed that 18.64% (95% CI 9.84% to 34.07%) of the total effect of OWOB on the higher odds of diabetes was mediated through hypertension, and the mediation effect was higher among adults from non-poor households and from both rural and urban areas.ConclusionsAdult OWOB status is independently associated with diabetes in Bangladesh, and hypertension mediates this association. Therefore, prevention policies should target adults with both OWOB and hypertension, particularly those from non-poor households and from both rural and urban areas, to reduce the growing burden of diabetes and its associated risk.
High-affinity T-cell receptor specific for MyD88 L265P mutation for adoptive T-cell therapy of B-cell malignancies
Authors: Çınar Özcan , Brzezicha Bernadette , Grunert Corinna , Kloetzel Peter Michael , Beier Christin , Peuker Caroline Anna , Keller Ulrich , Pezzutto Antonio , Busse Antonia 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundAdoptive transfer of engineered T cells has shown remarkable success in B-cell malignancies. However, the most common strategy of targeting lineage-specific antigens can lead to undesirable side effects. Also, a substantial fraction of patients have refractory disease. Novel treatment approaches with more precise targeting may be an appealing alternative. Oncogenic somatic mutations represent ideal targets because of tumor specificity. Mutation-derived neoantigens can be recognized by T-cell receptors (TCRs) in the context of MHC–peptide presentation.MethodsHere we have generated T-cell lines from healthy donors by autologous in vitro priming, targeting a missense mutation on the adaptor protein MyD88, changing leucine at position 265 to proline (MyD88 L265P), which is one of the most common driver mutations found in B-cell lymphomas.ResultsGenerated T-cell lines were selectively reactive against the mutant HLA-B*07:02-restricted epitope but not against the corresponding wild-type peptide. Cloned TCRs from these cell lines led to mutation-specific and HLA-restricted reactivity with varying functional avidity. T cells engineered with a mutation-specific TCR (TCR-T cells) recognized and killed B-cell lymphoma cell lines characterized by intrinsic MyD88 L265P mutation. Furthermore, TCR-T cells showed promising therapeutic efficacy in xenograft mouse models. In addition, initial safety screening did not indicate any sign of off-target reactivity.ConclusionTaken together, our data suggest that mutation-specific TCRs can be used to target the MyD88 L265P mutation, and hold promise for precision therapy in a significant subgroup of B-cell malignancies, possibly achieving the goal of absolute tumor specificity, a long sought-after dream of immunotherapy.
Statin-mediated inhibition of RAS prenylation activates ER stress to enhance the immunogenicity of KRAS mutant cancer
Authors: Nam Gi-Hoon , Kwon Minsu , Jung Hanul , Ko Eunbyeol , Kim Seong A , Choi Yoonjeong , Song Su Jeong , Kim Seohyun , Lee Yeji , Kim Gi Beom , Han Jihoon , Woo Jiwan , Cho Yakdol , Jeong Cherlhyun , Park Seung-Yoon , Roberts Thomas M. , Cho Yong Beom , Kim In-San 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundStatins preferentially promote tumor-specific apoptosis by depleting isoprenoid such as farnesyl pyrophosphate and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate. However, statins have not yet been approved for clinical cancer treatment due, in part, to poor understanding of molecular determinants on statin sensitivity. Here, we investigated the potential of statins to elicit enhanced immunogenicity ofKRAS-mutant (KRASmut) tumors.MethodsThe immunogenicity of treated cancer cells was determined by western blot, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The immunotherapeutic efficacy of mono or combination therapy using statin was assessed inKRASmuttumor models, including syngeneic colorectal cancer and genetically engineered lung and pancreatic tumors. Using NanoString analysis, we analyzed how statin influenced the gene signatures associated with the antigen presentation of dendritic cells in vivo and evaluated whether statin could induce CD8+ T-cell immunity. Multiplex immunohistochemistry was performed to better understand the complicated tumor-immune microenvironment.ResultsStatin-mediated inhibition ofKRASprenylation provoked severe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by attenuating the anti-ER stress effect ofKRASmutation, thereby resulting in the immunogenic cell death (ICD) ofKRASmutcancer cells. Moreover, statin-mediated ICD enhanced the cross-priming ability of dendritic cells, thereby provoking CD8+ T-cell immune responses againstKRASmuttumors. Combination therapy using statin and oxaliplatin, an ICD inducer, significantly enhanced the immunogenicity ofKRASmuttumors and promoted tumor-specific immunity in syngeneic and genetically engineeredKRASmuttumor models. Along with immune-checkpoint inhibitors, the abovementioned combination therapy overcame resistance to PD-1 blockade therapies, improving the survival rate ofKRASmuttumor models.ConclusionsOur findings suggest thatKRASmutation could be a molecular target for statins to elicit potent tumor-specific immunity.
Analytical model and energy harvesting analysis of a vibrating slender rod with added tip mass in three-dimensional space
Authors: Borowiec Marek , Bochenski Marcin , Litak Grzegorz , Teter Andrzej 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn the paper, a new 3D energy harvesting system is provided. This work discussed the Lagrange approach to derive the differential equations of motion in the case of energy harvesting systems. An electromechanical system consists of a mechanical resonator, a piezoelectric transducer and electrical circuit with the load resistor. A flexible slender rod clamped at the bottom and loaded by the tip mass is proposed as the resonator. Moving in the 3D space, it enables the system to avoid the gravitational potential barrier of the straight vertical shape in case of buckling. This paper investigates the response of the rod deflection and the root mean square power output of selected vibration mode shapes with an attached tip mass.