bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytoremediation of Formaldehyde by Plant Stems
Authors: Zuo Lijun , Wu Dan , Yu Le , Yuan Yanping 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Decorative plants can efficiently purify formaldehyde and improve the quality of indoor air. The existing studies primarily revealed that the aerial and underground parts of plants’ capacity to purify formaldehyde, while the performance of stems is unclear. A formaldehyde fumigation experiment was conducted on Pothos (Epipremnum aureum) and sacred lily (Rohdea japonica) in a sealed chamber. Results showed the stems could removal formaldehyde. The efficiency of removal by the stems of each plant was 0.089 mg∙m-3∙h-1 and 0.137 mg∙m-3∙h-1, respectively, the rate of purification was 40.0% and 61.6%, respectively. Both were related to plant species and the latter was affected by other factors like exposed area. To further explore the mechanism of phytoremediation, the correlation between the concentration of formaldehyde and CO2 during the experiment was investigated. Results showed when leaves of plants were exposed to formaldehyde, the concentration of CO2 increased with the decrease in concentration of formaldehyde, and the change in concentration of CO2 could be used as an indicator of the degree of purification of formaldehyde by the plants.
The effect of aerobic exercise on interoception and cognitive function in healthy university students: a non-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Amaya Yusaku , Abe Tetsuya , Kanbara Kenji , Shizuma Hisaharu , Akiyama Yasushi , Fukunaga Mikihiko 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background:Long-term aerobic exercise is a key intervention for improving cognitive function as well as enhancing musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory system functions. Additionally, decision-making, in which cognitive function is involved, can be an important factor for initiating and maintaining exercise. According to Damasio’s somatic marker hypothesis, somatic experience plays a fundamental role in decision-making. Interoception is a sense of physiological information related to emotions and is known to influence cognitive function. Here, we investigated changes in interoception during moderate-intensity aerobic exercise at a level that could improve cognitive function.Methods:Healthy university students were divided into an exercise group (n = 37) and a control group (n = 11). The exercise group performed bench step exercises at an intensity of 50% heart rate reserve for 30 minutes a day, three times a week, for three months. Cognitive function was assessed by measuring auditory information/working memory processing speed with a Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task (PASAT), and interoceptive accuracy (IA) was measured with a heartbeat tracking task.Results:There was a significant positive correlation between IA and PASAT scores at pre-intervention. But exercise did not lead to a significant increase in PASAT scores in comparison with the control group. IA scores were improved at 2- and 3-month post-intervention only in the exercise group.Conclusions:This suggested that interoception may be associated with the improvement in cognitive function produced by long-term aerobic exercise. Further investigation is warranted to clarify the causal relationship between interoception and cognitive function during exercise interventions.Trial registration: UMIN, UMIN000042891. 04/01/2021, retrospectively registered.
Tat-NTS Suppresses The Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Glioma Cells by Inhibiting Annexin-A1 Nuclear Translocation
Authors: Luo Zhenzhao , Liu Li , Li Xing , Chen Weiqun , Lu Zhongxin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Prevention of the nuclear translocation of Annexin-A1 with Tat-NTS (Trans-activator of transcription (Tat), nuclear translocation signal (NTS)) has recently been reported to alleviate neuronal injury and protect against cerebral stroke. However, the role that Tat-NTS plays in the occurrence and development of glioma still needs to be elucidated. Therefore, human glioma U87 cells were treated with various concentrations of Tat-NTS for 24 h, and cell proliferation, migration and invasion were determined with CCK-8 and Transwell assays, respectively. The results revealed that Tat-NTS significantly inhibited the nuclear translocation of Annexin-A1 in U87 cells, inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of U87 cells, and suppressed cell cycle regulatory protein expression and the activity and expression of MMP-2/MMP-9. Moreover, Tat-NTS reduced the level of p-p65 NF-κB in these cells. These results suggest that the Tat-NTS-induced inhibition of glioma cell proliferation, migration and invasion is closely associated with the induction of cell cycle arrest, the downregulation of MMP-2/-9 expression and activity and the suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Thus, Tat-NTS may be a potential chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of glioma.
Ophthalmic Histiocytic Lesions: A Baseline Demographic and Clinicopathological Study of 28 Cases From 2 Eye Centers
Authors: Alzahem Tariq A. , Maktabi Azza M.Y. , ALKATAN HIND MANAA 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Ophthalmic histiocytic lesions comprise a heterogeneous rare group of disorders that are characterized by an abnormal proliferation of histiocytes and may affect all age groups of both genders. This rare group of diseases in the ophthalmic practice has not been previously studied in this area of the world and only individual cases reports were reported.Methods: This retrospective study has been approved on an expedited basis by the Human Ethics Committee/Institutional Review Board (HEC/IRB) at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH) with a collaborative agreement between KKESH and King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia aiming to collect all biopsied ocular and periocular histiocytic lesions from both centers from January 1993 to December 2018. The histopathological diagnosis was confirmed, and cases were re-classified by review of all histopathological slides. The corresponding demographic and clinical data were analyzed. Relevant literature review was also carried on for comparison of our collected analyzed data to published data and to draw our own conclusions.Results: A total of 34 ocular/periocular histiocytic lesions of 28 patients who were mostly Saudis (92.9%) were included. Male to female ratio was 4:3. The median age at presentation was 6.4 years (range: 2.8-35). Twenty-two patients had unilateral involvement and 6 patients had bilateral lesions. In Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH)=L group, the most common presenting findings were eyelid swelling (75%), periocular tenderness (37.5%), proptosis/globe displacement (37.5%) eyelid erythema (25%), and orbital pain (12.5%). In Rosai Dorfman disease (RDD)=C group, proptosis/globe displacement occurred in all patients, followed by decreased vision (80%). Patients with C group diseases had variable clinical features owing to the different locations of the histiocytic lesions with the majority involving the eyelids (66.7%). Diagnosis was accurately reached clinically in 38.8%, 33.7%, and 46.7% among patients in the L group, C group, and R group respectively. Overall, the clinical diagnosis was in concordance with the histopathologic diagnosis in 14 only out of 34 lesions (41.2%). Conclusions: We concluded that C group was the commonest histiocytic lesion encountered in about two-thirds of the lesions with particular prevalence of Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG). The histiocytic disease is more likely to be overlooked clinically especially in this group owing to its rarity and is diagnosed mainly with the help of histopathological and immunohistochemical studies. The median age of presentation was higher for R group patients, while there was tendency for JXG to present at a later age compared to the published reports. Intraocular involvement was extremely rare. All L group cases were strictly unilateral disease, while RDD (C group) was most commonly bilateral. Future research on the genetic aspects, management, and prognosis are necessary.
Analysis on the Basic Essentials of Marine Engineering Safety Management in China's Coastal Areas
Authors: xueyingchun Xue yingchun , chenguoping chenguoping 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
China's coastal areas have developed fisheries and busy maritime trade, which leads to the need for a large number of ships in eastern China. Ensuring the safe navigation of ships has become the focus of national management. The main purpose of this paper is to improve the level of marine engine safety management. The safety check list and reverse management model are used to check and measure the marine engine safety. The results show that the test results are M1 = 95.81 and M2 = 96.35 respectively, which indicates that the safety model of reverse management plays a positive role in the actual operation.
Active Surveillance for Thyroid Cancer: A Qualitative Study of Barriers and Facilitators to Implementation
Authors: Jensen Catherine B. , Saucke Megan C. , Pitt Susan C. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The 2015 American Thyroid Association guidelines supported active surveillance (AS) as a strategy for managing select low-risk thyroid cancers. Data examining physicians’ attitudes about the acceptability of this option are limited. This study aimed to characterize the barriers and facilitators to implementing AS as perceived by practicing endocrinologists and surgeons in the United States.Methods: We conducted 24 semi-structured interviews probing physicians’ attitudes toward AS for patients with small, low-risk thyroid cancer. We used deductive content analysis guided by a well-known model of guideline implementation. Analysis characterized concepts and themes related to AS implementation as physician, guideline, or external factors. We performed member checking to validate results.Results: The most prominent barriers to AS were related to physician factors , although guideline-specific and external barriers were also observed. Physician attitudes towards AS comprised the majority of physician-related barriers, while lack of knowledge about the guideline was also discussed. Participants’ concerns about the potential negative outcomes resulting from observing a cancer were notable as were the lack of confidence in performing and offering surveillance. Beliefs about patient expectations and lack of knowledge about the guideline were also identified as barriers to offering surveillance. Guideline-specific and external barriers included the vagueness of surveillance protocols, lack of data supporting active surveillance, and societal beliefs about cancer. Facilitators of active surveillance included patients’ desire to avoid surgery and shared decision-making.Conclusions: Barriers and facilitators of active surveillance for low-risk thyroid cancers exist at multiple levels. Strategies to increase adoption of active surveillance should focus on physicians’ attitudes, patient expectations, data supporting surveillance outcomes, and promoting societal-level acceptance of surveillance.
Chemical Changes in the Broccoli Volatilome Depending on the Tissue Treatment
Authors: Wieczorek Martyna , Pieczywek Piotr M. , Cybulska Justyna , Zdunek Artur , Jeleń Henryk H. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The storage of plant sample as well as sample preparation for extraction have a significant impact on the profile of metabolites. However, this parameter is often overlooked during experiments on plants. It was hypothesised that parameters such as sample storage (freezing) and sample pre-treatment methods, including the comminution technique or applied enzyme inhibition methods could significantly influence the extracted volatile metabolome.Significant changes were observed in the volatile profile of broccoli florets frozen in liquid nitrogen and at -20oC. Those differences were mostly related to the concentration of nitriles and aldehydes. Confocal microscopy indicated some tissue deterioration in the case of slow freezing (-20oC), whereas the structure of tissue, frozen in liquid nitrogen, was practically intact. Myrosinase activity assay proved that the enzyme remains active after freezing. No pH deviation was noted after sample storage - this parameter did not influence the activity of enzymes. Tissue fragmentation and enzyme-inhibition techniques applied prior to the extraction influenced both qualitative and quantitative composition of the volatile metabolome of broccoli.
Corncob as a Substrate for the Cultivation of Lentinula Edodes
Authors: Yu Hailong , Zhang Dan , Zhang Lujun , Li Qiaozhen , Song Chunyan , Shang Xiaodong , Bao Dapeng , Tan Qi , Chen Hongyu , Lv Beibei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Corncob is a major agricultural waste in the world. The study aims to evaluate the effect of using corncob as a substrate for Lentinula edodes cultivation, so as to provide an economic and eco-friendly approach to transform waste biomass into high quality edible mushrooms (whose original substrate - wood - is becoming difficult to obtain these days). 6 formulas containing gradient proportions of corncob and a sawdust control were applied (100 cultivation bed-log per group), and substrate chemical profile were monitored. Effects of formula on mycelia growth, yield, biological efficiency, and agronomic traits and nutritional profile of mushrooms were investigated. The formula composing of 50% corncob, 28% sawdust, 20% wheat bran, and 2% gypsum showed the best performance with the fastest mycelia growth, better log browning, the highest yield (722.08 g/log) and summit biological efficiency (80.23%). The determined carbon/nitrogen in this substrate was 66.84. Yields in groups using 18 ~ 58% corncob were significantly improved comparing to the sawdust control, indicating a strong boosting effects of corncob. Agronomic traits of fruit bodies, such as pileus and stipe sizes, were not much affected by tested formulas. However, addition of corncob had an influence on nutritional composition of mushrooms, the polysaccharide content in mushrooms peaked (4.51g/100g) when the substrate contains 40% corncob. These results revealed an excellent potential of corncob when used as a main substrate ingredient for L. edodes cultivation.
Achieving over 90 % initial Coulombic efficiency and highly stable Li storage in SnO2 by constructing interfacial oxygen redistribution in multilayers
Authors: Lan Xuexia , Cui Jie , Zhang Xiaofeng , Hu Renzong , Tan Liang , He Jiayi , Zhang Houpo , Xiong Xingyu , Yang Xianfeng , Wu Shunqing , Zhu Min 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Among the promising high capacity anode materials, tin dioxide (SnO2) represents a classic and important candidate that involves both conversion and alloying reactions toward Li storage. However, the inferior reversibility of conversion reactions usually results in low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE, ~ 60%), small reversible capacity and poor cycling stability of electrodes. Here, we demonstrate that by carefully designing the interface structure of SnO2-Mo, a breakthrough comprehensive performance with ultrahigh average ICE up to 92.6 %, large capacity of 1067 mA h g-1 and 100 % capacity retention after 200 cycles can be realized in a multilayer Mo/SnO2/Mo electrode. The amorphous SnO2/Mo interfaces, which are induced by redistribution of oxygen atoms between SnO2 and Mo, can precisely adjust the reversible capacity and cycling stability of the multilayers, while the stable capacities of electrodes are parabolic with the interfacial density. Theoretical calculations and in/ex-situ experimental investigation clearly reveal that oxygen redistribution in the SnO2/Mo hetero-interfaces boosts the Li ions transport kinetics by inducing a built-in electric field and improves the reaction reversibility of SnO2. This work provides a new understanding of the interface-performance relationship of metal-oxide hybrid electrodes and pivotal guidance for creating high performance Li-ion batteries.
The incidence, risk factors and predictive nomograms for early death of lung cancer with synchronous brain metastasis: A retrospective study in the SEER database
Authors: Shen Heng , Deng Gang , Chen Qianxue , Qian Jin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Patients of lung cancer with synchronous brain metastases (LCBM) have a poor prognosis and die within a short period of time. However, little is known about the early mortality and related factors of LCBM patients.
Methods
Patients with LCBM diagnosed between 2010 and 2016 were enrolled from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end result (SEER). Significant independent prognostic factors were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Nomograms of overall and cancer-specific early death were constructed using independent risk factors. The prediction ability and clinical application value of the model was verified by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and decision curve analyses (DCAs).
Results
A total of 29902 cases of LCBM patients were enrolled in this study. 44.4% had early deaths, of which 38.2% died of lung cancer. Age, race, gender, Gleason grade, histological type, T stage, N stage, bone metastasis, liver metastasis, surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and marital status were significant independent risk factors of overall and cancer-specific early death and was used to construct the nomogram. The areas under the curve (AUC) of the training group were 0.828 (95%CI: 0.822–0.833) and 0.800 (95%CI: 0.794–0.806) in the model of overall and cancer-specific early death, respectively. The DCA analysis showed that the model had good clinical benefits and utility
Conclusions
We established a comprehensive nomogram to distinguish early death in lung cancer patients with synchronous brain metastases which may help oncologists develop better treatment strategies, such as clinical trials and hospice care.
Determination of Rational Processing Modes Based on Electromagnetic Properties of Tool Materials
Authors: Ostapenko Maria , Tveryakov Andrey , Shtin Anton , Klochkov Yury 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Currently, enterprises appoint cutting conditions according to reference data or on the recommendations of manufacturers. Often this information does not provide rational processing conditions. The situation is getting worse if we talk about modern automated metalworking equipment. The tool's premature failure involves high economic losses due to damage to the processed detail surface and according to receiving a manufacturing defect. Prevention of premature exit of metalworking tools will allow investigating changes of their operability under the effect of temperatures arising during cutting. Research subject: interchangeable cutter elements (plates) The goal of research: determine rational machining conditions based on electromagnetic properties of instrumental materials.The article analysed existing methods for determining the temperatures of the ultimate operational capability of cutting elements from tool hard alloys (THA). We analysed the existing test facilities. As a result, a new facility was developed to determine the temperature of the ultimate operational capability of cutting THA elements, eliminating existing devices' identified shortcomings. A description of the developed method of determining the temperature of ultimate operational capability by changing the electrical conductivity of cutting elements from instrumental two-carbide titanium-tungsten-cobalt hard alloys WC-TiC-Co is given. As a result of the work, electrical conductivity was studied depending on alloys' test temperature of group WC-TiC-Co. We determined the temperature conditions of ultimate operational capability of alloys 15%TIC+79%WC+6%CO, 5%TIC+75%WC+10%CO and obtained the corresponding temperature range of ultimate operational capability based on the obtained data. The obtained results can be used to determine rational cutting conditions when processing with these tool materials.
MaxDEL: Accurate and Efficient Calling Genomic Deletions From Single Molecular Real-Time Sequencing Using Integrated Method
Authors: Lv Yaoxian , Cai Lei , Gao Jingyang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing data are characterized by long reads and high read depth. Compared with next-generation sequencing (NGS), SMRT sequencing data can present more structural variations (SVs) and has greater advantages in calling variation. However, there are high sequencing errors and noises in SMRT sequencing data, which brings inaccurately on calling SVs from sequencing data. Most existing tools are unable to overcome the sequencing errors and detect genomic deletions. Methods and results: In this investigation, we propose a new method for calling deletions from SMRT sequencing data, called MaxDEL. MaxDEL can effectively overcome the noise of SMRT sequencing data and integrates new machine learning and deep learning technologies. Firstly, it uses machine learning method to calibrate the deletions regions from variant call format (VCF) file. Secondly, MaxDEL develops a novel feature visualization method to convert the variant features to images and uses these images to accurately call the deletions based on convolutional neural network (CNN). The result shows that MaxDEL performs better in terms of accuracy and recall for calling variants when compared with existing methods in both real data and simulative data. Conclusions: We propose a method (MAXDEL) for calling deletion variations, which effectively utilizes both machine learning and deep learning methods. We tested it with different SMRT data and evaluated its effectiveness. The research result shows that the use of machine learning and deep learning methods has great potential in calling deletion variations.
Efficacy and Safety of Low-Dose Prasugrel Versus Clopidogrel in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome or Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wonngsalap Yuttana , Ungsriwong Supakorn , Kumtepm Wanalee , Saokaew Surasak , Senthong Vichai , Kengkla Kirati 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose

To assess the efficacy and safety of prasugrel at low doses compared to clopidogrel by looking at the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and major bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Methods

We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies assessing efficacy and safety of low-dose prasugrel versus clopidogrel in patients with ACS or undergoing PCI up to May 22, 2020. We did a meta-analysis using a random-effects model to estimate relative risks (RRs). The primary efficacy and safety endpoints were MACE and major bleeding, respectively.
Results

Six RCTs (n = 6,131) and six observational studies (n = 31,426) were included. There was no MACE reduction in patients receiving low-dose prasugrel compared with those receiving clopidogrel (RR 1.02, 95%CI 0.91 to 1.14), but there was an increased risk of major bleeding (RR 1.35, 95%CI 1.10 to 1.67).
Conclusions

Low-dose prasugrel yields no increase in efficacy when compared with clopidogrel, but it does expose patients to an increased risk of bleeding. Most studies considered here were conducted in Japan. Studies conducted with non-Asian patients may find that low-dose prasugrel offers a more favorable efficacy and risk profile. Considering the results of this analysis we believe low-dose prasugrel should be prescribed with extreme caution as it may result in bleeding events without any additional benefit over clopidogrel.