bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A risk progression breast epithelial 3D culture model reveals Cx43/hsa_circ_0077755/miR-182 as a biomarker axis for heightened risk of breast cancer initiation
Authors: Naser Al Deen Nataly , Atallah Lanman Nadia , Chittiboyina Shirisha , Lelièvre Sophie , Nasr Rihab , Nassar Farah , Zu Dohna Heinrich , AbouHaidar Mounir , Talhouk Rabih 
Published: January 2021

AbstractmRNA-circRNA-miRNAs axes have been characterized in breast cancer, but not as risk-assessment axes for tumor initiation in early-onset breast cancer that is increasing drastically worldwide. To address this gap, we performed circular RNA (circRNA) microarrays and microRNA (miRNA) sequencing on acini of HMT-3522 S1 (S1) breast epithelial risk-progression culture model in 3D and chose an early-stage population miRNome for a validation cohort. Nontumorigenic S1 cells form fully polarized epithelium while pretumorigenic counterparts silenced for gap junction Cx43 (Cx43-KO-S1) lose epithelial polarity, multilayer and mimic premalignant in vivo mammary epithelial morphology. Here, 121 circRNAs and 65 miRNAs were significantly dysregulated in response to Cx43 silencing in cultured epithelia and 15 miRNAs from the patient cohort were involved in epithelial polarity disruption. Focusing on the possible sponging activity of the validated circRNAs to their target miRNAs, we found all miRNAs to be highly enriched in cancer-related pathways and cross-compared their dysregulation to actual miRNA datasets from the cultured epithelia and the patient validation cohort. We present the involvement of gap junction in post-transcriptional axes and reveal Cx43/hsa_circ_0077755/miR-182 as a potential biomarker signature axis for heightened-risk of breast cancer initiation, and that its dysregulation patterns might predict prognosis along breast cancer initiation and progression.
The unusual isolation of carnobacteria in eyes of healthy salmonids in high-mountain lakes
Authors: Pastorino Paolo , Colussi Silvia , Pizzul Elisabetta , Varello Katia , Menconi Vasco , Mugetti Davide , Tomasoni Mattia , Esposito Giuseppe , Bertoli Marco , Bozzetta Elena , Dondo Alessandro , Acutis Pier Luigi , Prearo Marino 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCarnobacteria are common bacteria in cold and temperate environments; they are also reported during fish mortality events. In a previous study, carnobacteria were isolated from the eyes of healthy wild salmonids from a high-mountain lake. To better understand these findings, salmonids were captured from three high-mountain lakes (Lower and Upper Balma Lake, Rouen Lake; northwest Italy) during August 2019 and subjected to bacteriological and histological examination. Although all were healthy, 8.7% (Lower Balma Lake), 24% (Upper Balma Lake), and 32.6% (Rouen Lake) were positive for carnobacteria colonization of the eyes. A Trojan-horse effect was hypothesized to explain carnobacteria isolation in the eye. This immune-escaping macrophage-mediated mechanism has been identified in other Gram-positive bacteria. Biochemical, molecular, and phylogenetic analysis were carried out on isolated bacteria (Carnobacterium maltaromaticum and C. divergens). Based on previous references for carnobacteria isolated from fish, C. maltaromaticum strains were tested for the pisA precursor gene of the bacteriocin piscicolin 126. Carnobacterium maltaromaticum strains were found to display genotypic heterogeneity and a low percentage of pisA positive amplification. Features of geomorphology, geographic isolation, and microbiota common to the three lakes are thought to be possibly related to our findings. Moreover, terrestrial insects collected from the lake shoreline and the stomach contents were screened for the presence of carnobacteria. The salmonids in these high-mountain environments feed mainly on terrestrial insects, which are considered possible vectors for carnobacteria that might catabolize the exoskeleton chitin. All insects tested negative for carnobacteria, but as a small number of samples were analyzed, their role as possible vectors of infection cannot be excluded. Further studies are needed to corroborate our research hypothesis.
Egg quality depending on the diet with different sources of protein and age of the hens
Authors: Kowalska Emilia , Kucharska-Gaca Joanna , Kuźniacka Joanna , Lewko Lidia , Gornowicz Ewa , Biesek Jakub , Adamski Marek 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDue to the planned limitations in the use of genetically modified soybean meal, the search for alternative sources of protein in animal nutrition is ongoing, which also supports the consumers’ expectations of good quality products, such as eggs. The aim of the study was to assess and compare morphological traits of eggs, fatty acid composition in yolk lipids, and the content and activity of lysozyme in thick and thin albumen in eggs from hens fed a diet based on legume seeds as a substitute for soybean meal depending on the hens age. Analyses were carried out for 300 eggs on dates I–V (19–39 weeks age of hens), obtained from Rosa 1 hens managed in the semi-intensive system. Quality analysis was performed for 30 eggs from each group at a time. The control group of hens (A) was fed a diet based on soybean meal (SBM) and the treatment group (B) was fed a diet based on seeds from narrow-leaved lupin (Boruta), yellow lupin (Mister), and pea (Muza). Eggs were analysed for morphological traits (egg weight, the weight and density of egg components, egg shape index and egg surface area), parameters of albumen (height, Haugh units), yolk colour (La Roche, colorimetry in the CIE Lab system), lysozyme content and activity in albumen, and fatty acids composition in yolk lipids. In group B the egg shape index was higher (p = 0.002), and the eggshell colour index was lower (p = 0.007), as well as the height of thick albumen, Haugh score, and yolk colour (La Roche) were higher in group B (p < 0.05), while redness of yolk was significantly lower (p < 0.001) than in group A. Lower content of C15:0 and C18:1n9 and higher content of C18:2n6 and C18:3n3, (p < 0.05), as well as lower content of MUFA and OMEGA 9, but higher content of PUFA, OMEGA 3, OMEGA 6, PUFA/SFA, OMEGA 9/6 and OMEGA 9/3 were found in group B compared to group A (p < 0.05). There were significant differences in traits between age of hens (p < 0.05). Egg weight, yolk weight and its proportion in egg, as well as shell weight, its strength and thickness increased with the age of hens (p < 0.05). The content of lysozyme and its activity were also higher in eggs from older hens (p < 0.05). Fatty acids composition was beneficial at the beginning and end of the analysed egg production period. The proposed feed mixture based on legume seeds had no negative effect on the quality of eggs, and had a positive effect on yolk colour, the quality of albumen. There was no detrimental effect of diet and age of hens on fatty acid composition of eggs from both groups throughout the study period. To sum up, diet with legume seeds could be accepted as a substitute for soybean meal, due to the beneficial effects for some mentioned traits of eggs. Use of legumes could give a partial self-sufficient for producers from small farms, where is not possible to produce soybean meal. At the same time, the level of anti-nutrients in legumes should be considered.
A 12-week aerobic exercise intervention results in improved metabolic function and lower adipose tissue and ectopic fat in high-fat diet fed rats
Authors: Gopalan Venkatesh , Yaligar Jadegoud , Michael Navin , Kaur Kavita , Anantharaj Rengaraj , Verma Sanjay Kumar , Sadananthan Suresh Anand , Le Giang Thi Thu , Goh Jorming , Velan S. Sendhil 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Investigations of long-term exercise interventions in humans to reverse obesity is expensive and is hampered by poor compliance and confounders. In the present study, we investigated intrahepatic and muscle fat, visceral and subcutaneous fat pads, plasma metabolic profile and skeletal muscle inflammatory markers in response to 12-week aerobic exercise in an obese rodent model. Six-week-old male Wistar rats (n=20) were randomized to chow-fed control (Control, n=5), sedentary high-fat diet (HFD, n=5), chow-fed exercise (Exercise, n=5) and HFD-fed exercise (HFD+Exercise, n=5) groups. The exercise groups were subjected to 12 weeks of motorized treadmill running at a speed of 18 m/min for 30 min/day. Differences in post-intervention measures were assessed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), adjusted for baseline bodyweight and pre-intervention measures, where available. Post-hoc analyses were performed with Bonferroni correction. Plasma metabolic profile was worsened and fat pads, ectopic fat in muscle and liver and inflammatory markers in skeletal muscle were elevated in sedentary HFD-fed animals relative to chow-fed controls. HFD+Exercise animals had significantly lower leptin (P=0.0004), triglycerides (P=0.007), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; P=0.065), intramyocellular lipids (IMCLs; P=0.003), intrahepatic lipids (IHLs; P&lt;0.0001), body fat% (P=0.001), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT; P&lt;0.0001), visceral adipose (P&lt;0.0001) and total fat mass (P&lt;0.0001), relative to sedentary HFD-fed animals, despite only modestly lower bodyweight. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of inflammatory markers Interleukin 6 (IL6) and Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) were also reduced with aerobic exercise in skeletal muscle. Our results suggest that 12 weeks of aerobic exercise training is effective in improving metabolic health, fat depots, ectopic fat and inflammation even against a high-fat dietary background.
XIST knockdown suppresses vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by regulating miR-1264/WNT5A/β-catenin signaling in aneurysm
Authors: Zou Liang , Xia Peng-fei , Chen Lei , Hou Yan-yan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been ascertained as vital modulators in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) development. In this research, the function and molecular mechanisms of the lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) in the evolution of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were assessed. Results showed that XIST expression was increased but miR-1264 expression level was reduced in the serum of AAA patients. XIST depletion impeded human aorta VSMCs (HA-VSMCs’) ability to proliferate and stimulate apoptosis, while repressing miR-1264 expression through an unmediated interaction. Additionally, the influence of XIST knockdown on apoptosis and proliferation could be rescued by an miR-1264 inhibitor. Subsequent molecular investigations indicated that WNT5A was miR-1264’s target, and XIST functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-1264 to raise WNT5A expression. Further, an miR-1264 inhibitor stimulated the proliferation and suppressed the apoptosis of HA-VSMCs through the activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling. Taken together, XIST impeded the apoptosis and stimulated the proliferation of HA-VSMCs via the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway through miR-1264, demonstrating XIST’s underlying role in AAA.
Community-Based Hearing and Vision Screening in Schools in Low-Income Communities Using Mobile Health Technologies
Authors: Manus Michelle , van der Linde Jeannie , Kuper Hannah , Olinger Renate , Swanepoel De Wet 
Published: January 2021

IntroductionGlobally, more than 50 million children have hearing or vision loss. Most of these sensory losses are identified late due to a lack of systematic screening, making treatment and rehabilitation less effective. Mobile health (mHealth), which is the use of smartphones or wireless devices in health care, can improve access to screening services. mHealth technologies allow lay health workers (LHWs) to provide hearing and vision screening in communities.PurposeThe aim of the study was to evaluate a hearing and vision school screening program facilitated by LHWs using smartphone applications in a low-income community in South Africa.MethodThree LHWs were trained to provide dual sensory screening using smartphone-based applications. The hearScreen app with calibrated headphones was used to conduct screening audiometry, and the Peek Acuity app was used for visual acuity screening. Schools were selected from low-income communities (Gauteng, South Africa), and children aged between 4 and 9 years received hearing and vision screening. Screening outcomes, associated variables, and program costs were evaluated.ResultsA total of 4,888 and 4,933 participants received hearing and vision screening, respectively. Overall, 1.6% of participants failed the hearing screening, and 3.6% failed visual acuity screening. Logistic regression showed that female participants were more likely to pass hearing screening (OR= 1.61, 95% CI [1.11, 2.54]), while older children were less likely to pass visual acuity screening (OR= 0.87, 95% CI [0.79, 0.96]). A third (32.5%) of referred cases followed up for air-conduction threshold audiometry, and one in four (25.1%) followed up for diagnostic vision testing. A high proportion of these cases were confirmed to have hearing (73.1%, 19/26) or vision loss (57.8%, 26/45).ConclusionsmHealth technologies can enable LHWs to identify school-age children with hearing and/or vision loss in low-income communities. This approach allows for low-cost, scalable models for early detection of sensory losses that can affect academic performance.
Α dual‐hop equivalent structure of a generalised multi‐hop free‐space optics network
Authors: Androutsos Nikolaos A. , Nistazakis Hector E. , Sandalidis Harilaos G. , Leitgeb Erich , Tombras George S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe performance of free‐space optics links strongly depends on scintillation effects caused by the atmospheric turbulence appearance. A widely adopted way to counterbalance the expected deterioration due to scintillation is to employ cooperative and multi‐hop arrangements. However, the use of multiple relays increases significantly the complexity of the mathematical models used to describe the overall performance of the system. Taking the latter into account, we approximate a generic multiple relay‐assisted free‐space optical configuration with a dual‐hop link in order to simplify the performance analysis. To this end, we provide new mathematical derivations for the evaluation of the outage probability and the average bit error rate by assuming typical turbulence models.
Steroide in der Infektionsmedizin
Authors: Spinner Christoph D. , Barton Jürgen , Biever Paul , Klein Matthias , Rieg Siegbert , Schneider Jochen , Thoden Jan , Wagner Dirk , Kern Winfried V. 
Published: January 2021

Was ist neu?Steroide sollen bei der Sepsis/septischen Schock, der Tuberkulose und der Meningtitis weiterhin nur in bestimmten Fällen zum Einsatz kommen: Nämlich bei anders nicht stabilisierbarem Kreislaufversagen in der Sepsis, bei tuberkulöser Meningitis oder bei eitriger Meningitis durch Pneumokokken.Der Einsatz von Steroiden bei eher später, hyperinflammatorischer Covid-19-Erkrankung kann die Sterblichkeit wesentlich senken, wobei die Effekte vor allem für sauerstoffpflichtige und intubiert beatmete Patienten signifikant sind, während Steroide bei Patienten ohne Sauerstoffpflichtigkeit keine signifikant mortalitätssenkende Effekte haben. Untersucht sind Dexamethason, Methylprednisolon und Hydrocortison, wobei die Evidenzlage für Dexamethason am besten ist.Steroide kommen weiterhin beim Immunrekonstitutionssyndrom (IRIS) des erworbenen Immunschwächesyndroms (AIDS) durch HIV zum Einsatz.
Modification of Azobenzenes by Cross-Coupling Reactions
Authors: Staubitz Anne , Walther Melanie , Kipke Waldemar , Schultzke Sven , Ghosh Souvik 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAzobenzenes are among the most extensively used molecular switches for many different applications. The need to tailor them to the required task often requires further functionalization. Cross-coupling reactions are ideally suited for late-stage modifications. This review provides an overview of recent developments in the modification of azobenzene and its derivatives by cross-coupling reactions.1	Introduction2	Azobenzenes as Formally Electrophilic Components2.1	Palladium Catalysis2.2	Nickel Catalysis2.3	Copper Catalysis2.4	Cobalt Catalysis3	Azobenzenes as Formally Nucleophilic Components3.1	Palladium Catalysis3.2	Copper Catalysis3.3	C–H Activation Reactions4	Azobenzenes as Ligands in Catalysts5	Diazocines5.1	Synthesis5.2	Cross-Coupling Reactions6	Conclusion
Mid- to Long-Term Magnetic Resonance Imaging Results of Two Prolapse Surgeries for Apical Defect: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Santos Junior Luiz Carlos , Brito Luiz Gustavo Oliveira , Castro Edilson Benedito de , Dertkigil Sergio , Juliato Cassia Raquel Teatin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been considered another tool for use during the pre- and postoperative periods of the management of pelvic-organ prolapse (POP). However, there is little consensus regarding its practical use for POP and the association between MRI lines of reference and physical examination. We aimed to evaluate the mid- to long-term results of two surgical techniques for apical prolapse.
Methods In total, 40 women with apical POP randomized from 2014 to 2016 underwent abdominal sacrocolpopexy (ASC group; n = 20) or bilateral vaginal sacrospinous fixation with an anterior mesh (VSF-AM group; n = 20). A physical examination using the POP Quantification System (POP-Q) for staging (objective cure) and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Vaginal Symptoms (ICIQ-VS: subjective cure), were applied and analyzed before and one year after surgery respectively. All MRI variables (pubococcigeous line [PCL], bladder base [BB], anorectal junction [ARJ], and the estimated levator ani subtended volume [eLASV]) were investigated one year after surgery. Significance was established at p < 0.05.
Results After a mean 27-month follow-up, according to the MRI criteria, 60% of the women were cured in the VSF-AM group versus 45% in ASC group (p = 0.52). The POP-Q and objective cure rates by MRI were correlated in the anterior vaginal wall (p = 0.007), but no correlation was found with the subjective cure. The eLASV was larger among the patients with surgical failure, and a cutoff of ≥ 33.5 mm3 was associated with postoperative failure (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [ROC]: 0.813; p = 0.002).
Conclusion Both surgeries for prolapse were similar regarding the objective variables (POP-Q measurements and MRI cure rates). Larger eLASV areas were associated with surgical failure.
Effect of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Provision on Fibroblast Growth Factor-2, Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression, Osteoclast and Osteoblast Numbers during Experimental Tooth Movement in Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Narmada Ida Bagus , Putri Paristyawati Dwi , Lucynda Lucky , Triwardhani Ari , Ardani I Gusti Aju Wahju , Nugraha Alexander Patera 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectives To investigate the effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) provision on matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) expression, osteoclast and osteoblast numbers during experimental orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).Materials and Methods Forty-eight healthy male Wistar rats (R. norvegicus), 16 to 20 weeks old with 200 to 250 g body weight (bw) were divided into several groups as follows: K1: OTM for 3 days; K2: OTM for 7 days; K3: OTM for 14 days; KP1: OTM and CAPE for 3 days; KP2: OTM and CAPE for 7 days; and KP3: OTM and CAPE for 14 days. A nickel titanium closed coil spring 8.0 mm long with 10 g/mm2 was installed between the upper left first molar and upper central incisor to move molar mesially. CAPE provision with a dose of 20 mg/kg bw of animal studies was done per orally. Immunohistochemistry was done to examine MMP-9 expression and osteoclast number in compression side as well as FGF-2 expression and osteoblast number in tensile side of the OTM.Statistical Analysis One-way analysis of variance test and Tukey’s honest significant difference test were performed to determine the difference between the groups (p < 0.05).Results MMP-9 expression and osteoclast numbers in the compression side were significantly different between the groups. Similarly, FGF-2 expression and osteoclast numbers in the tensile side were significantly different between the groups.Conclusions CAPE provision during OTM increases the number of osteoblasts and the FGF-2 expression significantly in the tensile side. Osteoclast numbers and MMP-9 expression significantly decrease in the compression side.
History of Maternal Mortality in the City of Ribeirão Preto, in its Regional Health Department, and in the State of São Paulo after the Establishment of the Maternal Committees from 1998 to 2017
Authors: Berezowski Aderson Tadeu , Rodrigues Júnior Antonio Luiz 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective To describe the evolution of maternal mortality right after the establishment of maternal death committees in the region of the city of Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, Brazil.
Methods The present study describes the spatial and temporal distribution of maternal mortality frequencies and rates, using data from the state of São Paulo, the municipality of Ribeirão Preto, and its Regional Health Department (DRS-XIII) from 1998 to 2017. The present ecological study considered the maternal mortality and live birth frequencies made available by the Computer Science Department of the Brazilian Unified Health System (Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, DATASUS, in the Portuguese acronym)/Ministry of Health, which were grouped by year and political-administrative division (the state of São Paulo, the DRS-XIII, and the city of Ribeirão Preto). The maternal mortality rate (MMR) was calculated and presented through descriptive measures, graphs, and cartograms.
Results The overall MMR observed for the city of Ribeirão Preto was of 39.1; for the DRS-XIII, it was of of 40.4; and for the state of São Paulo, it was of 43.8 for every 100 thousand live birhts. During this period, the MMR for the city of Ribeirão Preto ranged from 0% to 80% of the total maternal mortalities, and from 40.7% to 47.2% of live births in the DRS-XIII. The city of Ribeirao Preto had an MMR of 76.5 in 1998and 1999, which decreased progressively to 12.1 until the years of 2012 and 2013, and increased to 54.3 for every 100 thousand live births over the past 4 years. The state of São Paulo State had an MMR of 54.0 in 1998–1999, which varied throughout the study period, with values of 48.0 in 2008–2009, and 54.1 for every 100 thousand live births in 2016–2017. Several times before 2015, the city of Ribeirão Preto and the DRS-XIII reached the Millennium Goals. Recently, however, the MMR increased, which can be explained by the improvement in the surveillance of maternal mortality.
Conclusion The present study describes a sharp decline in maternal death in the region of Ribeirão Preto by the end of 2012–2013, and a subsequent and distressing increase in recent years that needs to be fully faced.