bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Approach on PLCC Based Domestic Data Communication
Authors: Sridhar J , Lingeswaran G 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A significant aspect of the future power grid is used for communication. The electrical power network, with its widespread network and access, is a very big network serving almost every portion of the world’s locations. Here the electrical network is utilized as a communication media. Control signals transferred over the electrical line is widely famous day by day. In this paper Power Line Carrier Communication (PLCC), is a method of handling the use of current power lines for data transfer in the home or workplace. There are properly built electricity lines in every house and building, it is utilized as a high-speed organization passageway without building another organization. Data transferred in full-duplex mode in AC cable and it is available, low cost, high reliability, and security, PLCC can be a preferred option than free-space communication technologies. Due to the above advantages, PLCC may be a preferred option over wireless communication or other technologies for home networking.
Modelling And Simulation Of Pv-Bes Based Microgrid System Operating In Standalone Mode
Authors: GAAYATHRI M. , RANJITH KUMAR K. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This work presents, a novel PV-Battery Energy Storage based microgrid system operating in standalone mode. The output of Solar PV changes with varying atmospheric condition. A boost converter is utilized as a DC-DC converter which extracts the maximum power coming out from the solar PV array, with the use of P&O algorithm. Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) is introduced to supply load uninterruptedly. In this project, lead acid battery is used. The energy management is done by the battery control mechanism. Battery and load are connected in parallel with the dc-dc boost converter. Based on the power generation in PV, battery gets charged and discharged. There are two cases considered in this project. In first case, both the load and battery is supplied with generated PV power. In second case, load is supplied with the help of both battery and the Solar PV. The proposed system is modeled and simulated in MATLAB. Parameters like battery current and voltage (Vbat,Ibat),load current and voltage (Vdc,Iout), SOC level of battery are observed and analyzed.
RETRACTED: Power Quality Issues Compensation using ANN Techniques
Authors: Veerakumar S , Selvabharathi P , Sathishkumar S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This idea is to propose an active filter which adopts to power quality issues and to solve this through Artificial intelligence techniques. This proposed active filter is combined to shunt active filter (SAF) which is controlled by neuro fuzzy interference system (ANFIS). This proposed adaptive filter performance is enhanced by ANFIS tool. This ANFIS is a class of adaptive system these functions are equivalent to fuzzy based systems. The purpose of ANFIS is to control the discharging time of dc-link capacitor in SAF there by reduces the power quality issues. The dc-link voltage values are get affected by the load fluctuation and these fluctuations can be suppressed by measuring and regulating the reference voltage. The purpose of ANFIS base adaptive shunt active filter is to achieve enhanced power quality there by reducing dc link voltage and current fluctuations very quickly. The proposed technique implemented and results are obtained using MATLAB its performance is evaluated through reference value.
Experimental Studies on the Application of Biomass Gasifier for Drying Tapioca in Remote Areas
Authors: Murugan P C , Saji Raveendran P 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Drying has a significant impact in the preservation of agricultural products. The dried foods have long shelf life because the moisture content is so low and the growth spoilage organisms are reduced. Although solar drying is a popular method, many rural places do not have a suitable climate for it. So it is important to develop a dryer that works with other technologies. This articles presents the design and fabrication of biomass based dryer which can be used to dry agricultural yield in rural areas. The biomass used in the gasifier is cheap and locally available. The dryer is designed to dry Tapioca and to test the effectiveness of the dryer at regular time interval during the whole drying process. The drying was carried between the temperature limits of 60°-70°C at constant mass flow of producer gas. The final moisture content of the Tapioca was recorded as 5% to 12%. The biomass based dryer reduces the drying time by 50% when compared with open sun drying. From experimentation it is observed that the biomass based dryer is more efficient than the traditional open sun drying.
Fault identification in a grid connected solar PV system using Back propagation Neural Network
Authors: Mano Raja Paul M. , Kannan R. , Leeban Moses M. , Bhuvanesh A. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Albeit the government buoy up the penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) particularly solar photovoltaic (PV) system, the dependency on fossil fuels is still growing. The power generation using solar PV system may enhance when the enactment of solar PV system is improved. The faults occurred in the system is an important performance degradation factor. Incessant studies have been performed to identify and mitigate the faults. Currently, several smart techniques are utilized to identify the faults rapidly. In this study, Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) has been implemented to identify the faults. The output power get degraded when the faults happened in source side, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), DC-DC converter, rectifier and grid. The investigations has performed on 100 kW solar PV system using Matlab. The outcomes imply that the proposed method has detected the faults quickly, economically and effectively.
Corona smart watch – the reminder friend
Authors: Shanmathi sri R , Sasireka U , Shwetha M , Tamilselvan S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The present world is attacked by covid-19 which has become a pandemic situation to all the people. The spread is increasing and have been attacked up to 50-60% of the individuals, due to not protecting themselves from affected persons and not practicing social distancing. In this paper it notifies the people to protect themselves by keeping social distancing using a sensor called ultrasonic. Using thermal camera which is fixed in the watch can detect the body temperature of the neighbour person which will be able to find the infected person. The person will be notified to sanitize their hands whenever they reach their home (specific destination) using geo fencing service. This wearable device alerts the individuals to protect them from the current covid-19 which has become a global pandemic.
Voice-O-Mata Using IOT
Authors: Mohan Raj K. , Balaji N. , Jayanthi G. , Naveen P. , Vengatesan S. , Aakash A.M. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Waste bins are being used in an indoor environment by every common man for over many decades. Proper Voice-o-mata is a blend term of Voice Automation. Automation is a term which has been gaining a lot of attention lately. The idea of this project is using the HT-05 Bluetooth module and Arduino IDE achieving automation of a home or industry using IoT. Also inherent Security system composed of features like password protection of home or industry, Flame and Smoke detection and alarm system. This flexible and reliable setup which is capable of being implemented real time minimizes human effort and also increases security features. The significant feature is that over conventional automation features this setup uses voice based automation. This may be further extended to achieve full scale security, real-time monitoring of devices.
Investigations of Antifriction bearing defects using Vibration Signatures
Authors: Hariharan V. , Thangavel P. , Rajeshkumar G. , Deepa D 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Antifriction bearing failure is a major factor in the failure of rotating machinery. As a fatal defect is detected, it is common to shut down the machinery as soon as possible to avoid catastrophic damages. Performing such action typically results in substantial time and economic losses. Therefore it is important to monitor the conditions of antifriction bearings and to know the details of the severity of defects before they cause serious catastrophic consequences. The vibration monitoring technique is the most suitable method to analyze various defects in bearing. This technique can provide early information about progressing malfunctions. Time-domain analysis and frequency domain analysis have been employed to identify different defects in bearing running at three different speeds. Defect-free and defective bearing are used for testing. Time-domain and frequency-domain signals acquired for both good and defective bearings Time waveform indicated the severity of vibration in defective bearings. The frequency spectrum is used to identify the amplitudes corresponding to fault frequencies and enables to predict of the defect presence. The roller bearing is considered for analysis. Three types of defects namely outer race, inner race, and rolling element defect are considered. Experimental data of both defect-free and defective bearings are processed to show the effectiveness of the fault diagnosis using this method. In fault monitoring and diagnostics of bearings, real-time processing and fast on line fault indication are becoming increasingly important. Towards this goal, attention has focused on a search for the use of effective signal processing and signatures extracting methods to realize immediate fault detection.
A Review on Bio-Composite Materials
Authors: Manikandan S , Gokulanathan L , Thangavel P , Sathishkumar S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Composite material constitute of different materials to have better characteristics than traditional materials. Material properties such as physical, chemical and mechanical properties can be tailored in composite material based on requirements. This advantage extends the composite material applications in the field of human implants. Traditional metals or ceramics have certain limitations after the implantation in human body, because of its inheriting properties with biological tissue. These limitations can be eradicated by the composite material; it makes composites to fabricate implant for biomedical applications. The new research works enhance the composite materials to mimic the natural bone, biological functions and tissue characteristics. Human tissue and bone are naturally graded from the core side, functionally graded material (FGM) implant overcome some limitations of composite materials. FGM implants elastic modulus can be tailored as like a composite material, its biological functions similar with natural one. Other biological parameters such as corrosion, wear resistance and fracture toughness are considered when designing the implant. This article discusses composite material advantage and limitations of both composite and FGM implants.
Quantifying Carbon Emission from Campus Transportation: A Case Study in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Authors: binti Zakaria Nurul Farhana Filza , Mat Yazid Muhamad Razuhanafi bin , Fadilah Yaacob Nur Fatma 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Carbon footprint is a global concern discussed throughout the globe. The daily activities on university campuses cause emission of greenhouse gases that contribute to the increasing amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. This research seeks to determine the CO2 emissions by members of the campus community of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi Campus. This study will also analyse the factors influencing CO2 emission from the vehicles used on the campus. The findings of this study will serve as a basis to propose methods for reducing carbon footprint, especially from the transportation used on the campus. The study is carried out on the UKM campus to gather the data on the travel activity on the campus, where the members of the campus community serve as the study population. The DEFRA Model is used to calculate the CO2 emission and the multivariable linear regression model is used to identify the factors influencing CO2 emission. In the car category, petrol cars with 2.0L engine have the highest mean CO2 emission of 1181.0932 kg CO2/year/capita. In the motorcycle category, petrol motorcycles with engine capacity larger than 500cc recorded the highest emission of 999.1072 kg CO2/year/capita. The CO2 emissions by both categories are below the national mean carbon dioxide emission value of 7900 kg CO2/year/capita recorded by the 2019 National Transport Policy and the mean carbon dioxide emissions of 5400 kg CO2/year/capita in high-income countries. In this study, the critical factors influencing the daily and annual CO2 emissions are the mode of transportation, type of fuel, and travel distance
Design of EWMA-type control chart
Authors: You H W , Shahrin M A , Mustafa Z 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

A control chart is typically examined based on the overall performance. This is crucial, as it will influence the final decision on the selection of a control chart. For this reason, the application of average run length (ARL) has been identified as the standard performance metric. In order to calculate ARL, practitioners must determine the size of the process shift in advance. Nevertheless, in practice, the process shift size cannot be predetermined, as practitioners may not have the requisite information associated with the process. Hence, in this work, the expected average run length (EARL) is employed as a performance metric for the unknown shift size in a process. This work evaluates the performance of a memory-type control chart, i.e. exponentially weighted moving average median (EWMA median) chart, with respect to ARL and EARL. The results indicate that, as long as the deterministic shift size is within the range of the process shift size, the chart’s performance is nearly the same, regardless of the use of the optimal pair based on minimizing ARL or EARL.
Wind turbine modelling and simulation using Matlab / SIMULINK
Authors: Chong C H , Rigit A R H , Ali I 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Malaysia is aiming to reduce the dependency on oil and gas by increasing the utilization of renewable energy. One of the promising renewable energy available is wind energy. Malaysia is located near the equator which is situated in a low wind speed region with an annual mean wind speed of 1.2-4.1 m/s. However, Malaysia also experiences two different monsoon seasons which is the southwest monsoon and the northeast monsoon. Wind speed during the southwest monsoon season can reach 7 m/s while the wind speed during the northeast monsoon can exceed 15 m/s. Limited researches and studies had been done to investigate the potentiality of wind energy in Sarawak, Malaysia. In this paper, modelling and simulation of different wind energy conversion system (WESC) using different generators operating under the same parameters will be carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK to investigate the efficiency of the generators. PMSG has shown to be more efficient over SCIG and DFIG for lower wind speed although all of them eventually reaches the similar efficiency. Efficiency of SCIG, DFIG and PMSG for rated wind speed are 66.25%, 69.38% and 71.88% respectively.
The geometric optical characteristics of Morse lens and its inside-out version
Authors: Xue Shuwen , Xiao Wen , Chen Huanyang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn this letter, we will explore the geometric optical characteristics of Morse lens. We derive the general trajectory formula and find that parts of them in generalized Eaton/Luneburg lenses are coincided to circles. Moreover, we find a new kind of combined lenses that can perform perfect images on the basis of Morse lens. Our work provides new ideas for Morse lens, other traditional lenses and their combinations.
Behaviour of nanocrystalline tricalcium silicate-based cements at early stages of hydration
Authors: Torres-Moreno América Yazmín , Belío-Reyes Irma Araceli , García-Medina Sandra , López-Camacho Perla Yolanda , Millán-Malo Beatríz , Rivera-Muñoz Eric , Bucio Lauro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Tricalcium silicate-based cements (TCS-BC) have reached great relevance in modern dentistry, where they are used in root-end filling or perforation repair treatments, and also for restoring deep and/or voluminous coronary carious lesions, among other applications. In some TCS-BC such as BiodentineTM, the physical and chemical properties, e.g. high compressive strength, have led to consider this cement as a dentine substitute. One of the drawbacks of BiodentineTM is its very high washout; which refers to the tendency of disintegrate at initial stage of hydration upon early contact with blood or other fluids, just at the moment after it is still as a freshly prepared paste. The present research was focused to compare properties related to workability and hardening at early stages of hydration of experimentally synthetized nano-sized tricalcium silicate (nTCS) and BiodentineTM (BIOD). Both pastes were tested for hardening at 0, 1, 2 and 3 h of hydration, using a penetration test adapted from standards D3441-79 and D1558-84. The hydrated products were evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG) and 29Si NMR spectroscopy; pH measurements were taken along 28 days of hydration. The set cement pastes were evaluated for sealing ability and microleakage. Following literature reports, the CSH phase as a hydration product, was identified and modeled in both cements as defective clinotobermorite Ca11Si9O28(OH)2·8.5H2O. The CSH phases obtained differ from each other by its microstructural arrangement and packing densities, which depend on the w/c ratio of nTCS and BIOD pastes, which were 0.5 and 0.36 respectively. The hardening of BIOD is significantly influenced by its w/c ratio with a hydration fluid that presumably contains about 0.05% of polycarboxylate-based superplasticizer, which was identified by Raman spectroscopy. The washout and hardening properties were pictured by and scheme for flocculation, w/c ratio, and packing density of the CSH particles characterizing the cement pastes.
Investigation of x-ray attenuation property of modification PbO with graphene in epoxy polymer
Authors: Ghaseminejad Mahdieh , Gholamzadeh Leila , Ostovari Fatemeh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This research aims at the X-ray attenuation effect of Graphene oxide (GO) and lead (∣∣) Oxide (PbO) in epoxy resin (ER). First, GO was synthesized with Hummers’ method, then PbO modified with GO and finally, epoxy-based composites were prepared with various fillers such as GO and PbO/GO with different weight percentages. The composite samples were made in thicknesses of 2, 4, and 6mm. The composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and tensile strength. X-Ray attenuation mass attenuation coefficient were measured when the composites were placed at the distance of 60cm from diagnostic X-rays. The measurements were performed at 20, 40, 60 and 80 kVp. The results indicated that, among all other composites, ER-PbO-GO in 10 wt.% has the best X-Ray shielding property and GO is a suitable candidate for modified metal oxides to attenuation.
Microwave-assisted heating behavior of amorphous SiC fibers derived from polycarbosilane
Authors: Joo Young Jun , Cho Kwang Youn 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this study, polymer-derived SiC fibers fabricated using low-melting point PCS (polycarbosilane) were prepared in a mat shape for application as a microwave-assisted heating element. In addition, polymer-derived SiC blocks of various shapes were prepared under the same conditions to verify the heating behavior under the microwave. As a result, the polymer-derived SiC generated more than 1500 °C of heat in tens of seconds under the microwave. The polymer-derived SiC also exhibited different microwave-assisted heating behavior and maximum heating temperature depending on its shape. This microwave heating behavior meant that polymer-derived SiC was more dependent on the conduction loss mechanism than the dipolar loss mechanism. Therefore, as the pyrolysis temperature increased, the pi-electrons needed for the conduction loss were observed by Raman analysis and showed a tendency similar to the heat-generating behavior as the pyrolysis temperature increased.
Magnetic and structural characteristics of ambient pressure fcc phase Ho and Tb thin films
Authors: Butler T , Buckley R G , Granville S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We report the results of an investigation into the structural and magnetic properties of thin films of Ho and Tb sputtered on Ta-buffered Si substrates. As is often reported in thin films and nanoparticles of the rare earth (RE) metals, we observe both hcp and fcc phases where the relative fraction of each depends on the deposition conditions. The presence of a fcc RE phase at ambient conditions is generally claimed to be strain stabilised as in the bulk the fcc phase is only thermodynamically stable at elevated pressures. We find the lattice constants of the fcc phases in our films to coincide with values for the Ho- and Tb- hydrides, and analysis of the magnetic measurements shows that the Ho fcc phase is paramagnetic at ambient temperatures and antiferromagnetic at low temperatures, also a feature of the RE-hydrides. By considering both the structural and magnetic measurements on Ho and Tb films together, we demonstrate that the observed fcc phase is the antiferromagnetic rare earth hydride, which readily forms at the RE/Ta interface in the presence of the residual and outgassed hydrogen in vacuum chambers.
Laser fusion cutting: evaluation of gas boundary layer flow state, momentum and heat transfer
Authors: Borkmann M , Mahrle A , Beyer E , Leyens C 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The present work deals with the evaluation of gas boundary layer characteristics under conditions of a high-pressurized gas flow through narrow kerfs as prevalent in laser fusion cutting. A simplistic two-dimensional channel model with appropriate boundary conditions in combination with empirical correlations of the similitude theory is applied to determine the flow state and the thickness of the boundary layer as well as magnitudes of momentum and heat transfer rates. The estimations show that the most expectable flow state of the boundary layer corresponds to a transitional regime. Calculated boundary layer thicknesses lie in a range of 100 to 300 microns after a considered running length of 10 mm. Thus, the formation of the characteristic cut edge topography with typical maximum roughness values for Rz of about 50 microns for high-quality solid-state laser fusion cuts will take place within the boundary layer region. It can be concluded, that the knowledge of the particular spatial and temporal flow structure of the boundary layer should be considered of being indispensable for a profound understanding of the formation mechanisms of the cut edge topography.