bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obiter Dicta
Authors: Verran Erick 
Published: October 2021

Stitched together over five years of journaling, Obiter Dicta is a lyrical compendium representing the transcription of twelve notebooks, since painstakingly reimagined for publication. This unschooled exercise in aesthetic thought, interlaced with quotations from hundreds of diverse authors, interrogates a wide array of subject matter through notes, commentary, observations, and musings. With lessons stolen from seemingly unrelatable disciplines, the restless candor of Erick Verran’s approach to philosophical and social inquiry will be familiar to readers of Dave Hickey’s Air Guitar and Mark Fisher’s K-Punk.
Obiter Dicta is an experiment in intellectual dot-connecting that challenges much long-standing wisdom about everything from illuminated manuscripts to photography to the evolution of European music. A Zibaldone for the 21st century.
Aspectos bioéticos en el uso de dientes humanos como estrategia pedagógica
Authors: Terreros de Huc María Angélica , Zumba Macay Raúl , Salazar Arrata Jimmy , Toala Reyes Alfredo 
Published: October 2021

Aspectos éticos y legales en obtención de órganos dentales como estrategia pedagógica y en investigación, probabilidad de contaminación cruzada, medidas de bioseguridad y creación de banco de dientes. Objetivo: Analizar impacto uso de DH extraídos en el proceso educativo, procesos de desinfección/esterilización, bioseguridad y aspectos bioéticos en FPOUG. Material y Métodos.- Estudio descriptivo basado en Encuesta con variables cuali – cuantitativas dirigida a 172 estudiantes de último semestre de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Guayaquil; Resultados.- uso de dientes extraídos en las asignaturas de endodoncia(28%), operatoria dental(26%), morfología (23%); compra u obsequio es el tipo de adquisición de mayor frecuencia (77%); alumno conoce que diente es portador de elementos patógenos pero (92%) no conoce que diente adquirido proceda de persona con enfermedad infecciosa; guantes 86% o mascarilla 87% son las barreras de mayor uso; 70% realizó desinfección del diente antes de usarlo; 63% realizó proceso de limpieza y descontaminación; 41% los conservó en algún líquido; 58% sin líquido; 62% usa la esterilización en autoclave; 37% en formalina. Alumno considera aplicación de la Bioética en proceso quirúrgico al usar el consentimiento informado, pero la obtención de dientes solo fue a través de la compra u obsequio, no relaciona el proceso de donación al proceso de exodoncia. Conclusiones.- Es frecuente uso de dientes humanos en endodoncia, operatoria dental y morfología, su obtención es a través de compra u obsequio, conoce que diente es portador de elementos patógenos, pero no si procede de persona con enfermedad infecciosa; da importancia al consentimiento informado previa exodoncia, no se promociona proceso de donación de órganos dentarios.
Controle de formigas cortadeiras com Penicillium spp. proveniente de laranjas em decomposição: Aplicação em diferentes frequências avaliadas por agricultores
Authors: Donato Alexandre De , Vargas André Barbosa , Menezes Bianca Fraga , Nunes Francis Alex 
Published: October 2021

As formigas cortadeiras são consideradas importantes pragas da agricultura brasileira, pois utilizam material vegetal como substrato para o cultivo do seu fungo simbionte. Dessa forma, fazem-se necessários métodos de controle para a contenção desses danos. O assentamento Roseli Nunes, situado em Brasil, Piraí, Rio de Janeiro, tem como um dos seus principais problemas fitossanitários o ataque por formigas cortadeiras dos gêneros Acromyrmex e Atta. Esta situação foi constatada a partir da atuação do Instituto Federal do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ) campus Pinheiral, o qual vem auxiliando o assentamento por meio de um projeto que visa estabelecer um plano de desenvolvimento. O presente estudo consistiu em testar a eficiência de fungos do gênero Penicillium obtidos de frutos em decomposição de variedades de laranjas, com diferentes frequências de aplicação, no controle de formigas cortadeiras, o qual foi avaliado empiricamente por 3 grupos de agricultores situados em diferentes áreas, isoladas a no mínimo 1 km uma da outra, dentro do assentamento. Os agricultores receberam capacitação para aplicar a calda fúngica e avaliar a sua eficiência, por meio da observação da atividade das formigas cortadeiras e dos danos causados às suas culturas por estas. Este método de controle biológico mostrou-se capaz de controlar a atividade de formigas cortadeiras quando aplicado mais de 20 vezes em um período de 50 dias. Contudo, a eficiência deste ainda não foi suficientemente estudada, e precisa de mais avaliações para ter a eficiência de sua utilização maximizada.
Acetabular Coverage May Affect Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes of Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation of Focal Femoral Head Lesions: A Case Series From a Single Institution
Authors: Mundluru Surya N. , Podeszwa David , Peck Jeffrey , Sucato Dan , Johnston Charlie , Kim Harry , Wilson Philip , Ellis Henry 
Published: October 2021

Osteochondral lesions of the femoral head in young people are rare and present unique management challenges. Optimal treatment for these lesions is unclear.
From 2009 to 2016, clinical and radiographic outcomes were prospectively collected within a series of symptomatic focal osteochondral lesions of the femoral head with a minimum follow-up of 2 years. A surgical hip dislocation followed by implantation of a size-matched fresh osteochondral femoral head allograft was performed. Nine hips in eight patients (6 female patients) underwent surgery at an average of 17 years (11 to 21 years). Individual allograft sizes ranged from 10 to 35 mm in diameter; with 2 of 9 hips receiving two allografts in a stacked or mosaicplasty technique at the time of treatment. The average graft implantation was 3536.5 mm2. Modified Harris hip scores improved by 13.4 (P = 0.018) from preoperative to final follow-up for all patients.
Significant improvements in internal rotation (12° versus 23°, P = 0.011), external rotation (32° versus 50°, P = 0.041), and abduction (28° versus 40°, P = 0.042) were also achieved. Three patients (four hips) demonstrated poor radiographic healing (<50% incorporation at 2 years), which correlated with worse clinical outcomes and was associated with a lower preoperative lateral center edge angle (21.5° versus 30.4°, P = 0.049).
Fresh osteochondral allograft treatment is a good option for focal osteochondral lesions of the femoral head with improved outcomes and motion; however, higher failure rates may be seen in those with a lower center edge angle.
Kebijakan Kepala Sekolah untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Ilham Ilham 
Published: October 2021

Kepala sekolah dituntut untuk memahami peran apa yang harus dijalankannya, apakah sebagai educator, manager, administrator, supervisor, leader, innovator, atau motivator. Dengan mengetahui dan menjalankan dengan benar peran kepemimpinan tersebut, maka kepala sekolah akan mampu memimpin lembaga yang dipimpinnya dengan baik. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan jenis metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif yaitu mendeskripsikan kebijakan yang dilakukan kepala sekolah dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pendidikan, kemudian menganalisisnya dengan bukti kebenaran data yang ada, Dalam lembaga pendidikan, Kepala sekolah sebagai seseorang yang telah diberi wewenang untuk memimpin suatu lembaga pendidikan dan harus bertanggung jawab secara penuh terhadap penyelenggaraan pendidikan sekolah yang berada di bawah pemimpinnya. Maju mundurnya suatu lembaga pendidikan itu banyak di pengaruhi oleh kepala sekolah, termasuk juga masalah peningkatan mutu pendidikan. Upaya meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di sekolah adanya program-program pendidikan di sekolah guru dengan menigkatkan kedisiplinan guru, meningkatkan pengetahuan, dan Pembinaan pelatihan kinerja guru di samping itu juga upaya meningkatkan mutu adanya siswa dengan memberikan bimbingan, serta tersedianya sarana prasarana guna mendukung proses pembelajaran dan dan adanya kerja sama dengan wali murid.
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Membaca Puisi dengan Teknik Skema pada Siswa SMP Kelas VIII
Authors: Taufik Taufik , Andang Andang 
Published: October 2021

Peneltian ini medeskripsikan tentang efektivitas pembelajaran dalam membaca puisi dengan menggunakan teknik Skema. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam pennelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantintatif. Adapun Teknik yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes dan angket, sedangkan teknik analisis datanya menggunakan rumus analisis regresi linear sederhana dan pengujian hipotesis dengan menggunakan rumus uji T. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa nilai a (kostanta) sebesar 0,856, nilai b (koefisien) sebesar 1,002, jadi Y = a+bx yaitu Y=0,856 + 1,002X. Yang berarti terdapat efektifitas yang positif dan signifikan antara pembelajaran membaca puisi dengan menggunakan teknik skema, kemudiian dilanjutkan dengan analisis hubungan korelasi antara pembelajaran membaca puisi dengan teknik skema menunjukan nilai rxy sebesar 0,926. Dilanjutkan dengan analisis koefiesien determinasi menunjukan nilai sebesar 85,74 dan dilakukan pengujian hipotesis dengan uji T menunjukan nilai Thitung = 12,24 dibandingkan dengan harga Ttabel dengan df = 27, pada taraf 5% diperoleh Ttabel = 1,703. Jadi Fhitung > Ftabel Ha di terima dan Ho di tolak. Simpulanya adalah ada efektivitas yang positif dan signifikan antara membaca puisi dengan menggunakan teknik skema di SMP Negeri 3 Dompu.
Sikap Perempuan dalam Kumpulan Cerpen pada karya Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim dengan Kajian Feminisme dan Implementasinya dalam Pembelajaran sastra di SMA
Authors: Yulianti Eka , Sugerman Sugerman , Suryaningsih Lili 
Published: October 2021

Sikap perempuan dalam karya sastra bisa berarti apa saja. Keberadaan sosok perempuan di dalam karya sastra tidak hanya sebagai pelengkap sebuah cerita melainkan sebagai tokoh sentral dari sebuah karya sastra. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah (1) mendeskripsikan unsur intrinsik dalam kumpulan cerpen karya Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim, (2) mendeskripsikan sikap perempuan dalam kumpulan cerita pendek karya Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim dengan kajian feminisme, (3) Mendiskripsikan implementasi kumpulan cerita pendek karya Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim sebagai bahan ajar sastra di SMA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Objek yang diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah sikap perempuan yang ada pada kumpulan cerita pendek karya Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim. Sumber data yang digunakan penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yaitu kumpulan cerita pendek karya Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim. Teknik pengumpulan data, yakni menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, baca, dan catat . Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah mengumpulkan data berupa tiga cerpen Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim, reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) unsur intrinsik ketiga cerpen Ratna Indraswari dilihat dari kepaduan dan tema cerita. (2) kajian feminisme atau sikap permpuan yang terdapat dalam kumpulan cerpen karya Ratna Indraswari Ibrahim. (3) implementasinya dalam bentuk Bahan Ajar, RPP dan silabus pembelajaran sastra di SMA kelas XI.
Analisis Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Mebel Samawa di Kandai 2 Kecamatan Woja
Authors: Suhaety Yeye , Mulyati Mulyati , Fadillah Muhammad 
Published: October 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis strategi pengembangan usaha yang tepat untuk diterapkan pada mebel samawa di kandai 2 kecamatan woja. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah Analisis SWOT yang dimana terdiri dari faktor internal dan faktor eksternal, adapun faktor internal terdiri dari kekuatan (strength) dan kelemahan (weakness) sedangkan faktor eksternal terdiri dari peluang (opportunities) dan kelemahan (threats) yang memiliki nilai tersendiri. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa faktor-faktor pengembangan usaha Mebel Samawa yang terdiri dari faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. adapun faktor internal memiliki total nilai sebesar 3,7 dengan skor kekuatan 2,4 dan skor kelemahan 1,3. Sedangkan untuk faktor eksternal memiliki total nilai sebesar 3,1 dengan skor peluang 1,6 dan skor ancaman 1,5. setelah melakukan analisis data dengan menggunakan tehknik analisis SWOT, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa alternatif strategi yang digunakan untuk pengembangan usaha mebel Samawa yaitu dengan menggunakan strategi SO, dimana strategi tersebut berada pada kuadran I yang menunjukkan bahwa posisi tersebut sangat baik untuk perkembangan usaha mebel samawa kedepannya, Sehingga usaha Mebel samawa dapat menciptakan strategi yang menggunakan kekuatan yang dimiliki untuk memanfaatkan peluang yang ada untuk kebelangsungan jalannya usaha.
Behavioural diversity as a potential welfare indicator for professionally managed chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Exploring variations in calculating diversity using species-specific behaviours
Authors: Hall K , Bryant J , Staley M , Whitham JC , Miller LJ 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBehavioural diversity may serve as a positive indicator of animal welfare that can be applied in long-term monitoring schemes in managed settings (eg zoos, laboratories, farms). Behavioural diversity is often higher when animals live in stimulating environments and experience positive events. Unfortunately, welfare researchers have not adopted consistent, standardised approaches to measuring behavioural diversity. The goal of this exploratory study was to utilise data from 41 adult chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) housed across 16 zoological institutions to examine various models of Shannon's Diversity Index. Specifically, we investigated the impact of: combining versus splitting behaviours, including only positive behaviours, including human interaction, and considering recipient behaviours. We evaluate how the inclusion or exclusion of different behaviours impacts the relationship of behavioural diversity with: (i) concentrations of faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (GCM), a common indicator of adrenal activity; (ii) concentrations of immunoglobulin-A (IgA), an indicator of immune function and potential indicator of positive welfare; and (iii) stereotypic behaviour, a validated indicator of poor welfare. Most indices had significant negative relationships with faecal GCM. Animals that express a variety of behaviours from their species-typical repertoire have lower average faecal GCM concentrations and are likely experiencing better welfare. We did not find significant relationships between the behavioural diversity indices and IgA concentrations. Two indices were inversely associated with stereotypic behaviour. Our findings provide additional support for using Shannon's Diversity Index to calculate behavioural diversity as a robust, valid measure of positive welfare. However, future publications must justify the process for including or excluding behaviours from calculations.
Attitudes towards animals and belief in animal mind among first-year veterinary students before and after an introductory animal welfare course
Authors: Robbins JA , Danielson JA , Johnson AK , Parsons RL , Jorgensen MW , Millman ST 
Published: October 2021

AbstractVeterinarians are increasingly looked to for guidance on matters relating to animal welfare, yet little is known about US veterinary students’ attitudes and beliefs about animals. In 2019, we surveyed all first-year veterinary students at a major US veterinary college (n = 123) before and after taking a required one-credit introductory animal welfare course. Attitudes were measured using the Pests, Pets and Profit (PPP) scale and belief in animal mind (BAM) was measured using anad hocmeasure adapted from previous work. Pre- and post-course comparisons indicated the introductory animal welfare course had no immediate effect on veterinary students’ attitudes or BAM. Veterinary students’ attitudes were most positive for animals considered pets, followed by pests and those used for profit. Students believed most species possess a wide variety of mental capacities, including many secondary emotions often considered uniquely human (eg guilt, embarrassment, jealousy). Sociodemographic variables consistently associated with more positive attitudes towards animals were: female gender, vegetarianism and liberal political ideology. Preferring a career involving large or food animal practice was consistently associated with less positive attitudes towards animals. Belief in animal mind explained 3% of the variation in attitude scores, whereas sociodemographic variables explained 49% of variation in attitude scores. Female gender, vegetarianism and preferring small (vs large or food animal practice) were all associated with greater BAM scores. Understanding veterinary student attitudes towards animals and beliefs about the mental capacities of animals is important when evaluating a veterinarian's ability to adhere to their oath.
An examination of nest-building behaviour using five different nesting materials in C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice
Authors: Obermueller B , Castellani C , Till H , Reininger-Gutmann B , Singer G 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe aim of our study was to assess the nest-building behaviour of two mouse (Mus musculus) strains using different nesting materials and examine possible sex- and housing-specific effects. Adult mice of two strains (C57BL/6J; n = 64 and BALB/cAnNCrl; n = 99) were randomly allocated to the following housing groups: single-housed male, single-housed female, pair-housed male and pair-housed female. One of the following nest-building materials was placed in each home-cage in a random order: nestlets (Plexx BV, The Netherlands), cocoons (Carfil, Belgium), wooden wool, crinklets and compact (all three, Safe, Germany). The following day, nests were rated applying a nest-scoring scale ranging from 0 to 10, the nests were removed, and a different nest-building material provided. In both tested strains, nestlets achieved the highest nest-building scores when compared to the other four nest-building materials. All nest-building materials scored higher in BALB/c mice compared to C57BL/6J animals reaching statistical significance in crinklets only. Sex comparison revealed that female C57BL/6J mice only scored significantly higher using crinklets than males and BALB/c female mice were rated significantly higher using wooden wool, cocoons and compact than their male counterparts. While pair-housed C57BL/6J animals built higher-rated nests than single-housed mice in the C57BL/6J strain in all five materials tested, the scores were not significantly different in the BALB/c strain. Results of the present study reveal significant strain-, sex- and housing-related influences on the complexity of nests using different standardised building materials. Such observations need to be taken into account when planning the optimal enrichment programme for laboratory animals.
LE TRAVAIL INTERDISCIPLINAIRE AUPRÈS DES ENFANTS AYANT VÉCU DES TRAUMAS RELATIONNELS PRÉCOCES : L’APPORT DE LA MENTALISATION
Authors: Terradas1 Miguel M. , Domon-Archambault Vincent , Didier Olivier 
Published: October 2021

Les enfants ayant subi des traumas relationnels précoces présentent des défis relativement à l’intervention en contexte interdisciplinaire, notamment en raison de leurs passages à l’acte agressifs et leurs difficultés relationnelles. La mentalisation, soit la capacité à saisir les états mentaux chez soi et chez autrui, permet d’enrichir la réflexion des professionnels pratiquant auprès de ces cas complexes. En s’appuyant sur une illustration clinique, cet article décrit les principes généraux des interventions basées sur la mentalisation ainsi que l’apport de ces dernières à quatre modalités de travail : les interventions dyadiques, les rencontres d’accompagnement parental, la psychothérapie individuelle et les interventions éducatives.
COMPRENDRE LA TRAJECTOIRE DE DÉSISTANCE DES MINEURS DÉLINQUANTS : UNE ÉTUDE DE CAS
Authors: Puglia1 Rosa , Glowacz Fabienne 
Published: October 2021

La recherche sur la désistance et la désistance assistée porte majoritairement sur une population adulte. L’étude de la désistance des adolescents et jeunes adultes est relativement récente, et doit être approfondie afin de mieux comprendre les mécanismes sous-jacents aux sorties de la délinquance au sein de cette population. L’objectif de cette étude de cas unique est, à partir du récit du sujet à propos de sa trajectoire, d’identifier les composantes émergentes qui soutiennent son processus de désistance. Les entretiens menés avec ce jeune de 18 ans, lui ont permis d’énoncer et d’élaborer ses réflexions, dans un contexte de recherche menée sous la méthodologie IPA, et de la sorte, de verbaliser et de conscientiser les mécanismes qui contribuent à son évolution dans le processus de désistance. Ceux-ci peuvent être intégrés à la prise en charge des mineurs auteurs de faits qualifiés infractions.
Lost in Translation? Bill 21, International Human Rights, and the Margin of Appreciation
Authors: Mégret Frédéric 
Published: October 2021

The adoption of Bill 21, which bans religious symbols for civil servants in Quebec, has stirred considerable debate politically and constitutionally in the province and in the rest of Canada. Neglected, however, has been a more in-depth analysis of how international human rights law often serves as an implicit frame of reference for many of the debates surrounding Bill 21. This essay focuses, in particular, on the invocation of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights, which seems to have validated bans of religious symbols in various contexts. It gives an overview of that jurisprudence and specifies the parameters within which it operates, emphasizing the complexity of translating a supranational case law into a domestic debate. It argues that whilst Quebec is less alone in banning religious symbols than is sometimes argued, the European case law needs to be handled carefully. In particular, the essay emphasizes the importance of the so-called “margin of appreciation” as heavily impacting the outcome in those cases. Although the margin suggests that there is national leeway in adopting bans based on certain national traditions and specificities, it hardly opens the door to all bans. Rather, the margin emphasizes the significance of divergences between states parties on an issue and respect for procedural safeguards. The essay concludes with some thoughts on how importing human rights arguments out of context can be perilous, but also about how the margin itself may be problematic.