bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shakespeare’s Political Imagination
Authors: Styrt Philip Goldfarb 
Published: October 2021

Shakespeare’s Political Imagination argues that to better understand Shakespeare’s plays it is essential to look at the historicism of setting: how the places and societies depicted in the plays were understood in the period when they were written. This book offers us new readings of neglected critical moments in key plays, such as Malcolm’s final speech in Macbeth and the Duke’s inaction in The Merchant of Venice, by investigating early modern views about each setting and demonstrating how the plays navigate between those contemporary perspectives. Divided into three parts, this book explores Shakespeare’s historicist use of medieval Britain and Scotland in King John and Macbeth; ancient Rome in Julius Caesar and Coriolanus; and Renaissance Europe through Venice and Vienna in The Merchant of Venice, Othello and Measure for Measure.
Philip Goldfarb Styrt argues that settings are a powerful component in Shakespeare’s worlds that not only function as physical locations, but are a mechanism through which he communicates the political and social orders of the plays. Reading the plays in light of these social and political contexts reveals Shakespeare’s dramatic method: how he used competing cultural narratives about other cultures to situate the action of his plays. These fresh insights encourage us to move away from overly localized or universalized readings of the plays and re-discover hidden moments and meanings that have long been obscured.
Toward a Future Theatre
Authors: Svich Caridad 
Published: October 2021

Featuring conversations with theatre makers in the US and UK during the first 8 months of the Covid-19 lockdown, this collection reveals the innovations in digital theatre as artists, companies and theatres had to adjust to the restrictions and formulate new ways of working and reaching audiences. Besides documenting in their own words the work that was generated, this book captures the artists' dreams for a new post-Covid reality in which theatre is reimagined and issues of racial and economic injustice are addressed.
With conversations grouped under 5 broad areas, a host of theatre makers candidly discuss the present and the future of theatre:
R/evolution: How should theatre evolve rather than re-set? What kind of field could this be, if the arts sector is to survive in the US and UK and if white supremacist, classist, ableist, and patriarchal structures are dismantled, and acts of regeneration and reformation occur?What does theatre look like at the local and hyper-local level and when working with young people and communities at risk?What are the challenges of creating work in the digital realm and/or exploring socially distanced performance in new ways?How may theatre address social inequalities and be a place for acts of political and artistic resistance? How has the pandemic galvanised their commitments to communities, arts advocacy, use of languages on the stage and page, and considerations of the living archive?Acts of communion with audiences, readers, fellow artists, students, and within ensembles and collectives. How do we find new ways to gather and make when liveness and the shared experience are challenged?
Transnational Narratives and Regulation of GMO Risks
Authors: Leonelli Giulia Claudia 
Published: October 2021

This book employs transnational legal analysis as a methodological framework to deconstruct narratives on agricultural biotechnologies from within, across and beyond the nation state level.
The book frames the transnational conundrum of genetically engineered organisms against the background of hegemonic and counter-hegemonic narratives and two ideal regulatory models: evidence-based and socially acceptable risk approaches. The analysis cuts across US law, EU law, the WTO Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures and hybrid standards, exploring relevant regulatory frameworks and case law.
The book demonstrates that both transnational narratives are socially and politically constructed, and neither ideal regulatory model can lay claim to neutrality and objectivity. It argues that regulatory choices are always, directly or indirectly, informed by non-scientific normative frames. Three factors determine the threshold of legally relevant adverse effects: recourse to more or less prudential approaches to risk assessment, regulatory focus on ‘sound science’ or on multiple forms of uncertainty, and the extent to which regulators prioritise the cost-benefit effectiveness of risk governance measures, as opposed to pursuing enhanced protection and considering other legitimate factors.
The regulation of agricultural biotechnologies thus becomes a lens through which to investigate the underlying value systems, goals and far-reaching implications of transnational discourses on the governance of uncertain risks. Against this backdrop, the normative strand of analysis points to the limited ability of science and procedural deliberation to generate authentic agreement and to identify normatively legitimate solutions, in the absence of pre-existing shared perspectives.
Improving the representation of HONO chemistry in CMAQ and examining its impact on haze over China
Authors: Zhang Shuping , Sarwar Golam , Xing Jia , Chu Biwu , Xue Chaoyang , Sarav Arunachalam , Ding Dian , Zheng Haotian , Mu Yujing , Duan Fengkui , Ma Tao , He Hong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. We compare Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model predictions with measured nitrous acid (HONO) concentrations in Beijing,
China, for December 2015. The model with the existing HONO chemistry in CMAQ
severely underestimates the observed HONO concentrations with a normalized
mean bias of −97 %. We revise the HONO chemistry in the model by
implementing six additional heterogeneous reactions in the model: the reaction
of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) on ground surfaces, the reaction of NO2 on
aerosol surfaces, the reaction of NO2 on soot surfaces, the photolysis of
aerosol nitrate, the nitric acid displacement reaction, and the hydrochloric acid
displacement reaction. The model with the revised chemistry substantially
increases HONO predictions and improves the comparison with observed data
with a normalized mean bias of −5 %. The photolysis of HONO enhances
daytime hydroxyl radical by almost a factor of 2. The enhanced hydroxyl
radical concentrations compare favorably with observed data and produce
additional sulfate via the reaction with sulfur dioxide, aerosol nitrate via
the reaction with nitrogen dioxide, and secondary organic aerosols via the
reactions with volatile organic compounds. The additional sulfate stemming
from revised HONO chemistry improves the comparison with observed
concentration; however, it does not close the gap between model prediction
and the observation during polluted days.
Fast and accurate learned multiresolution dynamical downscaling for precipitation
Authors: Wang Jiali , Liu Zhengchun , Foster Ian , Chang Won , Kettimuthu Rajkumar , Kotamarthi V. Rao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. This study develops a neural-network-based approach for emulating high-resolution modeled precipitation data with comparable statistical properties but at greatly reduced computational cost. The key idea is to use combination of low- and high-resolution simulations (that differ not only in spatial resolution but also in geospatial patterns) to train a neural network to map from the former to the latter. Specifically, we define two types of CNNs, one that stacks variables directly and one that encodes each variable before stacking, and we train each CNN type both with a conventional loss function, such as mean square error (MSE), and with a conditional generative adversarial network (CGAN), for a total of four CNN variants. We compare the four new CNN-derived high-resolution precipitation results with precipitation generated from original high-resolution simulations, a bilinear interpolater and the state-of-the-art CNN-based super-resolution (SR) technique. Results show that the SR technique produces results similar to those of the bilinear interpolator with smoother spatial and temporal distributions and smaller data variabilities and extremes than the original high-resolution simulations.
While the new CNNs trained by MSE generate better results over some regions than the interpolator and SR technique do, their predictions are still biased from the original high-resolution simulations. The CNNs trained by CGAN generate more realistic and physically reasonable results, better capturing not only data variability in time and space but also extremes such as intense and long-lasting storms. The new proposed CNN-based downscaling approach can downscale precipitation from 50 to 12 km in 14 min for 30 years once the network is trained (training takes 4 h using 1 GPU), while the conventional dynamical downscaling would take 1 month using 600 CPU cores to generate simulations at the resolution of 12 km over the contiguous United States.
Western boundary circulation and coastal sea-level variability in Northern Hemisphere oceans
Authors: Diabaté Samuel Tiéfolo , Swingedouw Didier , Hirschi Joël Jean-Marie , Duchez Aurélie , Leadbitter Philip J. , Haigh Ivan D. , McCarthy Gerard D. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The northwest basins of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans are regions of intense western boundary currents (WBCs): the Gulf Stream and the Kuroshio. The variability of these poleward currents and their extensions in the open ocean is of major importance to the climate system. It is largely dominated by in-phase meridional shifts downstream of the points at which they separate from the coast. Tide gauges on the adjacent coastlines have measured the inshore sea level for many decades and provide a unique window on the past of the oceanic circulation. The relationship between coastal sea level and the variability of the western boundary currents has been previously studied in each basin separately, but comparison between the two basins is missing. Here we show for each basin that the inshore sea level upstream of the separation points is in sustained agreement with the meridional shifts of the western boundary current extension over the period studied, i.e. the past 7 (5) decades in the Atlantic (Pacific). Decomposition of the coastal sea level into principal components allows us to discriminate this variability in the upstream sea level from other sources of variability such as the influence of large meanders in the Pacific. Our result extends previous findings limited to the altimetry era and suggests that prediction of inshore sea-level changes could be improved by the inclusion of meridional shifts of the western boundary current extensions as predictors. Long-duration tide gauges, such as Key West, Fernandina Beach or Hosojima, could be used as proxies for the past meridional shifts of the western boundary current extensions.
CONCÉNTRICA
Authors: AA. VV. 
Published: October 2021

La revista Concéntrica, en su segundo año de vida presenta temas que vinculan la arquitectura con otras áreas del conocimiento, ya que de por sí sola, esta gran área del saber estaría subutilizada La arquitectura funciona como una ciencia humanística, bien lo define, Hugo Valencia: “La arquitectura y la ciencia siempre se han visto estrechamente relacionadas, esto desde la antigüedad, pues muchos filósofos, arquitectos y artistas han intentado definir la arquitectura como una ciencia, pues es el conjunto de la aplicación de muchas disciplinas científicas y técnicas a la vez” Una de las más célebres definiciones la acuñó Marco Vitruvio, quien aseguró: “La arquitectura es una ciencia adornada de otras muchas disciplinas y conocimientos”.
Introduciendo el enfoque ‘¿Cómo llega a ser representado el problema?
Authors: Bacchi Carol 
Published: October 2021

El enfoque ¿Cómo llega a ser representado el problema? (CRP) es un recurso o herramienta destinado a facilitar la interrogación crítica de las políticas públicas. Parte de la premisa de que lo que uno se propone hacer sobre algo, revela lo que uno piensa que es problemático (y que necesita cambiar). Siguiendo este pensamiento, las políticas y las propuestas de políticas contienen representaciones implícitas de lo que se considera el “problema” (representaciones del problema). Por ejemplo, si se recomiendan formas de capacitación para mejorar la condición de la mujer y sus oportunidades de promoción, podemos deducir que su falta de capacitación es el ‘problema’.
La tarea en el análisis CRP es leer las políticas con miras a discernir cómo se representa el ‘problema’ dentro de ellas y someter esta representación a un análisis crítico. Esta tarea se logra a través de un conjunto de seis preguntas y un compromiso adjunto para aplicar las preguntas a las propias propuestas:
WOOD VOLUMETRY OF Tachigali vulgaris PURE PLANTATIONS IN DIFFERENT PLANTING SPACINGS
Authors: Ramos Larissa De Oliveira , Miranda Rodrigo Otávio Veiga de , Soares Alvaro Augusto Vieira , Protásio Thiago De Paula , Gonçalves Delman De Almeida 
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to develop volumetric equations for tachi-branco trees (Tachigali vulgaris L. G. Silva & H. C. Lima), by assessing the effect of initial planting spacing in volume estimates, as well as developing an equation to estimate the equivalent diameter (deq). Data are from an experiment located in north Pará. The experiment was conducted with the randomized blocks design, being three blocks with six treatments each. The most used volumetric models were assessed for two distinct situations: considering each trunk as a tree and using the tree deq as independent variables in the volumetric model. The need for individual equations for initial planting spacing was tested. In addition, an equation for deq estimate was proposed. The use of deq provided more precise and accurate volumetric estimates regarding diameter at breast height. Among the models tested, the Schumacher-Hall model was selected. Through the model identity test, the equation can be used to estimate tree volume of Tachigali vulgaris, regardless of planting spacing. The equivalent diameter can be estimated via equation from minimum and maximum diameters of tree trunks. The maximum percentage differences of volume by hectare obtained with the measurement of all trunks and deq were only 5% without loss in production accuracy per unit of area
Filip Müller : témoin, narrateur et figure
Authors: Villeneuve Johanne 
Published: October 2021

Cet article propose d’examiner, dans une perspective intermédiale, les différentes phases du témoignage de Filip Müller, un rescapé du Sonderkommando d’Auschwitz-Birkenau, depuis son hospitalisation en 1946 jusqu’à sa présence dans le film de Claude Lanzmann, Shoah (1985). Müller livre son témoignage dans divers contextes et sous des formes médiatiques différentes (témoignage écrit ou livré oralement, enregistré, retranscrit, filmé). Ces formes sont à leur tour médiatisées et diffusées sur le Web. Elles constituent des archives dont nous sommes aujourd’hui les légataires.
Faire résonner les récits de vie : la plateforme numérique « Archives vivantes »
Authors: Lavorel Marie 
Published: October 2021

Le Centre d’histoire orale et de récits numérisés (CHORN–COHDS) de l’Université Concordia, à Montréal, en collaboration avec l’Association des parents et amis des victimes du génocide contre les Tutsis du Rwanda (PAGE-Rwanda), représentant les survivants du génocide de 1994 vivant désormais à Montréal, ont décidé en 2016 de créer une plateforme numérique pour partager et explorer 28 interviews (vidéos) de survivants. Ce projet de recherche et de création en histoire orale et en humanités numériques a été une occasion non seulement de renouveler la recherche collaborative en histoire orale, mais également de développer de nouvelles façons d’écouter, d’analyser et de transmettre les récits de vie.
Frog Reproduction and Community Structure in relation to Water Attributes: Setting the stage to understand effects of Climatic Variables and Climate Change
Authors: Pyke Graham H. , White Arthur W. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
As amphibians have declined more than other vertebrates and are important environmental bio-indicators for aquatic ecosystems, we must understand how attributes of such ecosystems affect individual frogs, populations, and multi-species communities. For aquatic-breeding frogs, pond physical/chemical properties influence all life-stages and therefore populations, species, and communities. However, studies have focussed on tadpoles, considered few water variables, and not considered relationships between water attributes and frog populations or communities. Inter-specific differences in how water attributes affect tadpole populations, and hence possibly adult choice of breeding site, should reflect habitats where different species occur, but has been little investigated. We studied the only frog species on Broughton Island, off the east coast of Australia: the threatened Green and Golden Bell Frog Litoria aurea (GGBF); and the widespread and abundant Striped Marsh Frog Limnodynastes peronii (SMF). Suitability of pond breeding habitat, measured by encounter rates during 57 visits over 17 years with different life stages, depended on depth, salinity, pH and temperature, with responses by the two species in essentially opposite directions. For both species, encounter rates increased with increasing depth and with decreasing salinity. Encounter rates peaked at neutral to alkaline pH for GGBF (i.e., 6.8 to 8.0 or higher) and acidic pH for SMF (i.e., 5.5 to 6.0). As water temperature increased, encounter rates increased for GGBF and decreased for SMF.
Frog community structure depended on average pond temperature and how it changed over time. If recorded temperature, averaged over the year, was less than 22°C or declined to below this level, the GGBF population, as indexed by numbers of adults observed and occurrences of earlier life stages, was low or declined, while the SMF population was high or increased. This threshold yearly average temperature translates into a required temperature at onset of spring breeding for the GGBF of about 20°C. The GGBF population on the island has declined since 1998, when our study began, due to increased aquatic vegetation and consequent decline in water temperature in major breeding ponds. As ponds are small, manual vegetation removal should reverse the trend. A comprehensive understanding of the biological effects of climate change, past and future, can now be pursued.
Associations of work-related stress and total sleep time with cholesterol levels in an occupational cohort of Japanese office workers
Authors: Meguro Keiko , Svensson Thomas , Chung Ung-il , Svensson Akiko K 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the study was to investigate the associations of total sleep time (TST) and occupational stress based on the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire (BJSQ) with cholesterol levels in an occupational cohort of Japanese office workers.

Methods
The present study is a secondary analysis of a subset of participants from a randomized controlled trial. Participants were 179 employees from 5 companies in Tokyo who participated as the intervention group in a 3-month lifestyle intervention study among office workers with metabolic syndrome or at risk of metabolic syndrome. All intervention-group participants used a mobile app and a wearable device. The final population for analysis in the present study were 173 participants. Cholesterol measures were derived from participants’ annual health check-up data in the fiscal year preceding their inclusion in the study. Multiple linear regression models were used to determine the association between exposures and outcome.

Results
Overall, stress levels were significantly and inversely associated with LDL-C (−7.12 mg/dl; 95% CI: −11.78, −2.45) and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (−0.16 mg/dl; 95% CI: −0.27, −0.04) per standard deviation increase. Compared to average TST 5.9-7.2 hours, average TST of 4.0-5.3 hours (−4.82 mg/dl; 95% CI: −9.22, −0.43) was inversely associated with HDL-C.

Conclusion
Incremental increases of stress were significantly and inversely associated with LDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio. The shortest average TST was inversely associated with HDL-C. The results should be interpreted with care given certain methodological limitations.
Interface Engineering in 1D ZnO‐Based Heterostructures for Photoelectrical Devices
Authors: Zhao Xuan , Li Qi , Xu Liangxu , Zhang Zheng , Kang Zhuo , Liao Qingliang , Zhang Yue 
Published: October 2021

Abstract1D semiconductor materials are widely used in the fields of energy conversion, electronics, and photoelectrical devices, due to their unique ability to connect the nanometer and macroscopic worlds. Among them, 1D‐ZnO plays a vital role in the construction of photoelectrical devices due to its easily modulated morphology and band structure. By combining 1D‐ZnO with other materials to form a variety of heterostructures, the functional diversity of 1D‐ZnO is greatly enriched. Through the means of interface engineering, the behavior of carriers in 1D‐ZnO‐based heterostructures can be adjusted to optimize its photoelectrical performance. A comprehensive understanding of the different integration methods and interface engineering of 1D‐ZnO‐based heterostructures can provide new and more effective methods for the design of next‐generation photoelectrical devices. In this paper, starting with the precise growth of 1D‐ZnO, 1D‐ZnO‐based heterostructures constructed by traditional epitaxial growth and emerging van der Waals stacking are emphatically summarized. The modulation mechanisms by interface engineering on the photoelectrical performance of the above two types of heterostructures are systematically reviewed. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of interface engineering in 1D‐ZnO‐based heterostructures for next‐generation photoelectrical devices are prospected.
All‐Inorganic Perovskite Polymer–Ceramics for Flexible and Refreshable X‐Ray Imaging
Authors: Chen Weiqing , Zhou Min , Liu Yang , Yu Xue , Pi Chaojie , Yang Ze , Zhang Hao , Liu Zhichao , Wang Ting , Qiu Jianbei , Yu Siu Fung , Yang Yang (Michael) , Xu Xuhui 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHalide perovskites are an emerging scintillator material for X‐ray imaging. High‐quality X‐ray imaging generally requires high spatial resolution and long operation lifetime, especially for targeted objects with irregular shapes. Herein, a perovskite “polymer–ceramics” scintillator, in which the halide perovskite nanocrystals are grown inside a pre‐solidified polymer structure with high viscosity (6 × 1012 cP), is designed to construct flexible and refreshable X‐ray imaging. A nucleation inhibition strategy is proposed to prevent the agglomeration and Ostwald ripening of perovskite crystals during the subsequent precipitation process, enabling a high‐quality polymer–ceramics scintillator with high transparency. This scintillator‐based detector achieves a detection limit of 120 nGy s–1 and a spatial resolution of 12.5 lp mm–1. Interestingly, due to the anchoring effect of the exfoliated atoms provided by the polymer matrix, the scintillator film can be refreshed after a long duration (≥3 h) and high dose (8 mGy s–1) irradiation. More importantly, this inherent characteristic overcomes the long operation lifetime issue of perovskites‐based scintillators. Hence, the authors’ exploration of the polymer–ceramics scintillator paves the way for the development of flexible and durable perovskite scintillators that can be produced at a low operation cost.