bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential gene expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis reveal mechanism behind the development of duodenal carcinoma in familial adenomatous polyposis
Authors: Liu Wei-Qing , Meng Xuan-Yu , Liu Xiao-Ting , Liang Lei , Kou Zhi-Yong , Li Wen-Liang , Yang Jun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Duodenal carcinoma is the third cause of mortality in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients. The molecular mechanism by which FAP triggers and regulates duodenal carcinoma development was seldom studied so far.
Objective

The present study sought to use the bioinformatics approaches to provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of FAP developing into duodenal carcinoma.
Methods

Based on GSE111156 dataset, differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and key gene modules, respectively. The functional enrichment analysis was conducted R package “clusterProfiler” and biological functions and pathways related to the immune system were further identified.
Results

Between adenoma tissue samples from FAP patients with and without duodenal carcinoma, 13 up-regulated genes including MIR4747, THBS1, and RNU6_62 and 113 down-regulated genes including AKR1B10, AGAP9 and AKR1C3 were identified. These DEGs were mainly involved in terpnoid metabolism. In WGCNA analysis, the blue module associated with duodenal carcinoma in FAP contained 5393 genes including 11 hub genes and was mainly related to the regulation of neuron projection development. In tissues from FAP patients with duodenal carcinoma, 32 up-regulated genes including INHBA, COL3A1, and COL1A1 and 18 down-regulated genes including MT1H, KIAA1324, and HMGCS2 were screened between adenocarcinoma and normal tissues and were also significantly related to terpnoid metabolism. Between adenocarcinoma and adenoma tissues, we screened 171 up-regulated genes including CEACAM5, SLC2A1 and PKMRNU6_62 and 238 downregulated genes including RBP2, GSTA5 and SST, which were mainly involved in extracellular matrix organization. WGCNA revealed that the darkorange module associated with adenocarcinoma contained 554 genes including 19 hub genes and was involved in extracellular matrix organization and focal adhesion. Further identification of immune related processes showed that leukocyte migration was the process mostly involved in the transition of normal tissue into adenoma while neutrophil-mediated immunity was the most dysregulated in adenocarcinoma.
Conclusion

The present study preliminary uncovered the mechanism behind initiation and progression in duodenal carcinoma in FAP, and provided some scientific information for exploring novel therapeutic strategies for FAP patients with duodenal carcinoma.
A Robot Vision Navigation Method using deep Learning in Edge Computing Environment
Authors: Li Jing , Yin Jialin , Deng Lin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the development of modern agriculture, the intelligent use of mechanical equipment is one of the main signs for agricultural modernization. Navigation technology is the key technology for agricultural machinery to control autonomously in operating environment, and it is a hotspot in the field of intelligent research on agricultural machinery. Facing the accuracy requirements of autonomous navigation for intelligent agricultural robots, this paper proposes a visual navigation algorithm for agricultural robots based on deep learning image understanding. The method first uses cascaded deep convolutional network and hybrid dilated convolution fusion method to process images collected by vision system. Then it extracts the route of processed images based on improved Hough transform algorithm. At the same time, the posture of agricultural robots is adjusted to realize autonomous navigation. Finally, our proposed method is verified by using non-interference experimental scenes and noisy experimental scenes. Experimental results show that the method can perform autonomous navigation in complex and noisy environments, and has good practicability and applicability.
Environmental Allergens House Dust Mites-induced Asthma Causes Ferroptosis in the Lungs
Authors: Tang Weifeng , Dong Ming , Teng Fangzhou , Cui Jie , Zhu Xueyi , Wang Wenqian , Wuniqiemu Tulake , Qin Jingjing , Yi La , Wang Shiyuan , Dong Jingcheng , Wei Ying 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Studies have indicated that allergens such as house dust mites (HDM) in the environment could induce allergic asthma. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered regulatory cell death characterized by aberrant lipid peroxidation and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells. However, whether ferroptosis participates in the pathological progress of asthma remains to be elucidated. In this study, we used a HDM-induced mouse asthma model to determine the effect of HDM exposure on allergic asthma and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Female BALB/c mice were intranasally exposed to HDM to induce allergic asthma. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), lung inflammation and mucus secretion, IgE and cytokine levels as well as inflammatory cell counts in bronchalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were investigated. In addition, the morphological changes of mitochondria, ROS, glutathione (GSH) levels and changes in ferroptosis pathway proteins in the lung were also determined. Results: HDM exposure increased AHR significantly, and enhanced inflammatory cell infiltration and mucus secretion around the airways. Furthermore, elevated IgE level in BALF, lung eosinophilia, and a concomitant increase in IL-13 and IL-5 in BALF were observed. HDM inhalation increased ROS and decreased GSH level in the lung. HDM inhalation induced dysmorphic small mitochondria with decreased crista, as well as condensed, ruptured outer membranes. Western blot analysis demonstrated that activity of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and catalytic subunit solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) decreased significantly, and protein expression of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) and 15 Lipoxygenase 1 (15-LO1) upregulated prominently compared with mice in normal control group. Conclusions: These in all indicated that the AHR, airway inflammation, lipid peroxidation and ROS level increased in HDM-induced asthma, and HDM inhalation caused ferroptosis in the lungs, which helped to form a better understanding of the pathogenesis of allergic asthma and targeted treatment strategies.
Traditionally brewed rice beverage alters gut microbiota and metabolites in mice
Authors: Bhaskar Bhuwan , Adak Atanu , Das Santanu , Khan Mojibur 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The study is an attempt to validate the effects of fermented rice beverage on gut microbiota and health, using mouse model. Rice beverage, soluble and insoluble fractions were fed to the animals for 30 days. Gut bacteria and metabolites were studied on 0th and 30th days of treatments. Next generation of sequencing of fecal metagenomic 16S rDNA indicated changes in abundance of 17 bacteria in the rice beverage treatment followed by 11 and 7 respectively in the soluble and insoluble fractions. Fecal metabolites of treatments as determined by GC-MS analyses, clustered differently based on Partial least square discriminant analysis. There were 253 negative and 160 positive correlations between relative abundance of fecal metabolites with bacteria. Histological analysis showed that microbial changes and higher plasma endotoxin levels in insoluble fraction treated group were accompanied by increased lymphocytes infiltration in lamina propia and cytoclasis of goblet cells as demonstrated by intestinal histology.
Effect of Nanosilica on the Mechanical Properties, Compression Set, Morphology, Abrasion and Swelling Resistance of Sulphur Cured EPDM/SBR Composites
Authors: Vishvanathperumal S. , G Anand 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The main objective of the current research work is to explore the effect of nanosilica particles on the compound EPDM/SBR-SiO2 (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer/styrene-butadiene rubber-nanosilica). The composite EPDM/SBR with and without silane coupling agent was processed using an open mill mixer. The nanosilica particles are prepared in the laboratory and were used as the reinforcing material in EPDM/SBR rubber composites. The cure characteristics, mechanical properties, hardness, rebound resilience, swelling resistance, abrasion resistance and compression set of the composites are completely analyzed and studied. Nanosilic particles are produced in the laboratory and used as reinforcement material in EPDM/SBR rubber compounds. Fully analyzed and examined are the cure characteristics, mechanical properties, hardness, rebound resilience, swelling resistance, abrasion resistance and compression collection of the composites. It was also evident from the result that with the inclusion of nanosilica particles in the EPDM/SBR rubber composites, the mechanical properties, swelling resistance, hardness, abrasion resistance and compression set properties improved.
Effects of Peak Time of Myocardial Injury Biomarkers On Mid-Term Outcomes of Patients Undergoing OPCABG
Authors: Hu Bo , Gao Fei , Lv Mengwei , Liu Ban , Shi Yu , Chen Xi , Feng Yipeng , Meng Xiaoqi , Li Zhi , Zhang Yangyang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: With the development of cardiac surgery technology, myocardial injury is gradually reduced, but cannot be completely avoided. Myocardial injury biomarkers (MIBs) can quickly and specifically reflect the degree of myocardial injury. Due to various reasons, there is no consensus on the specific values of MIBs in evaluating postoperative prognosis. This retrospective study was aimed to investigate the impact of MIBs on the mid-term prognosis of patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG).Methods: Totally 564 patients undergoing OPCABG with normal courses were included. Cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB) were assessed within 48 hours before operation and at 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours after operation. Patients were grouped by peak values and peak time courses of MIBs. The profile of MIBs and clinical variables as well as their correlations with mid-term prognosis were analyzed by univariable and multivariable cox regression models.Result: Continuous assessment showed that MIBs increased first (12 hours after surgery) and then decreased. The peak cTnT and peak CK-MB occurred within 24 hours after operation in 76.8% and 67.7% of the patients respectively. No significant correlation was found between CK-MB and mid-term mortality. Delayed cTnT peak (peak cTnT elevated after 24 hours after operation) was correlated with lower Ccr (69.36±21.67 vs. 82.18±25.17 ml/min/1.73 m2), body mass index (24.35±2.58 vs. 25.27±3.26 kg/m2), less arterial grafts (1.24±0.77 vs. 1.45±0.86), higher Euroscore II (2.22±1.12 vs.1.72±0.91) and mid-term mortality (26.5 vs.7.9 %). Age (HR: 1.067, CI:1.005-1.132), left ventricular ejection fraction (HR: 0.950, CI:0.910-0.992), New York Heart Association score (HR: 1.833, CI:1.155-2.908), total venous grafting (HR: 2.833, CI:1.054-7.611) and cTnT peak occurrence within 24 hours (HR: 0.356, CI:0.731-2.513) were independent predictors of mid-term mortality.Conclusion: cTnT is a better indicator than CK-MB. The peak and peak occurrence of cTnT are related to mid-term mortality in patients undergoing OPCABG, and the peak phases have stronger predictive ability.
Construction of a Survival Prediction Model for High-and Low-Grade Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma After Tumor Resection Based on "SEER Database": A Retrospective and Multicenter Study
Authors: Sun Changgang , Wang Mengmeng , Ren Xin , Wang Ge , Sun Xiaomin , Tang Shifeng , Zhang Baogang , Xing Xiaoming , Zhang Wenfeng , Gao Guojun , Du Jing , Zhang Shukun , Liu Lijuan , Zheng Xia , Zhang Zhenkun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: There are difffferences in survival between high-and low-grade Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma (UTUC). Our study aimed to develop a nomogram to predict overall survival (OS) of patients with high- and low- grade UTUC after tumor resection, and to explore the difffference between high-and low-grade patients. Methods: Patients confifirmed to have UTUC between 2004 and 2015 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. The UTUCs were identifified and classifified as high- and low-grade, and 1-, 3-and 5-year nomograms were established. The nomogram was then validated using the Chinese multicenter dataset (patients diagnosed in Shandong, China between January 2010 and October 2020). Findings: In the high-grade UTUC patients, nine important factors related to survival after tumor resection were identifified to construct nomogram. The ability of the model to distinguish between UTUC grades was verifified using two datasets (internal validation dataset, C index(95% CI):0.729[0.707-0.754];Chinese multicenter validation dataset: C index(95% CI):0.763[0.656-0.869]).On the other hand, Two independent predictors were identifified to construct nomogram of low-grade UTUC. The C index was 0.714 (95% CI: 0.671-0.758) for the training set,0.731(95% CI:0.670-0.791) for the internal validation dataset, and 0.825 (95% CI:0.689-1.00) for the Chinese multicenter dataset. Encouragingly, the nomogram was clinically useful and had a good discriminative ability to identify patients at high risk. Interpretation: We constructed a nomogram and a corresponding risk classifification system predicting the OS of patients with an initial diagnosis of high-and low-grade UTUC.
Incidence rates and contemporary trends in primary urethral cancer
Authors: Wenzel Mike , Nocera Luigi , Ruvolo Claudia Collà , Würnschimmel Christoph , Tian Zhe , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Saad Fred , Briganti Alberto , Tilki Derya , Mandel Philipp , Becker Andreas , Kluth Luis A. , Chun Felix K.H. , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose:
We assessed contemporary incidence rates and trends of primary urethral cancer.
Methods:
We identified urethral cancer patients within Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results registry (SEER, 2004–2016). Age-standardized incidence rates per 1,000,000 (ASR) were calculated. Log linear regression analyses were used to compute average annual percent change (AAPC).
Results:
From 2004–2016, 1,907 patients with urethral cancer were diagnosed (ASR 1.69; AAPC: -0.98%, p = 0.3). ASR rates were higher in males than in females (2.70 vs. 0.55), respectively and did not change over the time (both p = 0.3). Highest incidence rates were recorded in respectively ≥ 75 (0.77), 55–74 (0.71) and ≤ 54 (0.19) years of age categories, in that order. African Americans exhibited highest incidence rate (3.33) followed by Caucasians (1.72), other race groups (1.57) and Hispanics (1.57), in that order. A significant decrease occurred over time in Hispanics, but not in other race groups. In African Americans, male and female sex-stratified incidence rates were higher than in any other race group. Urothelial histological subtype exhibited highest incidence rate (0.92), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (0.41), adenocarcinoma (0.29) and other histologies (0.20). In stage stratified analyses, T1N0M0 stage exhibited highest incidence rate. However, it decreased over time (-3.00%, p = 0.02) in favor of T1 − 4N1 − 2M0 stage (+ 2.11%, p = 0.02).
Conclusion:
Urethral cancer is rare. Its incidence rates are highest in males, elderly patients, African Americans and in urothelial histological subtype. Most incident cases are T1N0M0, but over time, the incidence of T1N0M0 decreased in favor of T1 − 4N1 − 2M0.
Assessment of Parkinson’s Disease symptoms and toxin exposures in firefighters: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Kotwani Roshni , Clapp Andrea N. , Huggins Haley E. , Vaou Oceanis , Hohler Anna DePold 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Parkinson’s disease (PD) has been correlated with several environmental and toxic exposures. The frequency of PD in firefighters is higher than the general population, which may be due to the high amounts of toxin exposures firefighters experience on the job. There is a need to further address the high rates of PD among this subgroup. The purpose of this study is to improve our understanding of the relationship between toxin exposure in firefighters and Parkinson’s Disease symptoms. METHODS: An anonymous survey distributed to Massachusetts firefighters assessed risk factors for toxin exposure and presence of PD symptoms. Risk factors included frequency and duration of time spent firefighting, number of fires worked, and history of toxin exposure (i.e., pesticides). We collected the frequency of PD symptoms including tremors, muscle stiffness, REM behavior disorder, hyposmia, micrographia, and decreased walking pace. Analyses comparing toxin exposure and presence of PD symptoms were performed using Chi-square testing, p < 0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS: Two hundred participants were included in the study. The number of years as a firefighter, the number of days per week working, and the number of fires worked correlated with higher reports of hyposmia, micrographia, and decreased walking pace.CONCLUSION: Firefighters have an increased risk for PD symptoms as a result of the toxin exposures that are frequently present in fires.
Huffmanela spp. (Nematoda: Trichosomoididae) from Orange-spotted Grouper (Epinephelus coioides, Hamilton, 1822) at Jubail Province, on the Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia: A case report
Authors: Attia marwa , Mahmoud Mahmoud A. , Ibrahim Mustafa M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper is conducted for identifying the parasite which collected during regular routine inspection for the hygienic condition and health status of fish in 2019 at the central fish market shops at Jubail city, Saudi Arabia. Samples from an orange spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) fish showed heavy black streaks between the muscle fibers that was considered unmarketable and rejected by the consumer after had been cut and prepared for sealing. The black discolorations were in the form of heavy diffused focal black spots or forming threads of variable sizes embedded in the entire whole-body musculature of the fish. These samples were subjected to parasitological and pathological evaluation. The parasitological examination of the affected muscular tissues revealed Huffmanela spp. eggs infection. The parasitic infestation was identified on the bases of the morphological and ultra-structural characters of the eggs. The histopatholgical investigation of the dark discoloration of the muscular tissues showed severe diffused multifocal granulomatous myositis reactions in the form of chronic inflammatory response accompanied with fibrous connective tissue proliferation around the eggs and larvae together with lymphocytes and macrophages aggregation. Muscular necrosis, edema and evidence of muscular regeneration were also noticed. In conclusion; this case report confirmed the occurrence of Huffmanela spp. infection in the muscles of Epinephelus coioides by using light and scanning electron microscopy.Further molecular assessment is recommended.
Potassium Sulphate Induces Resistance of Rice against the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne graminicola
Authors: Liu Mao-Yan , Peng De-Liang , Su Wen , Xiang Chao , Jian Jin-Zhuo , Zhao Jie , Peng Huan , Liu Shi-Ming , Kong Ling-An , Dai Liang-Ying , Huang Wen-Kun , Liu Jing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Potassium (K), an important nutrient element, can improve the stress resistance/tolerance of crops. The application of K in resisting plant parasitic nematodes shows that the K treatment can effectively reduce the occurrence of nematode diseases and increase crop yield. However, data on K2SO4 induced rice resistance to Meloidogyne graminicola are still lacking. To evaluate rice resistance against M. graminicola induced by K2SO4 and to further clarify its mechanism is essential for the rational use of K fertilizer to ensure the safety of rice production.Results In this work, K2SO4 treatment effectively reduced the numbers of both galls and nematodes in rice roots, and delayed the development of nematodes to the adult stage. Rather than by affecting the attractiveness of roots to nematodes and the morphological phenotype of giant cells at feeding sites, such effect was achieved by rapidly stimulating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation, increasing callose deposition. Meanwhile, such induced resistance required the active participation of the potassium channel OsAKT1 and the potassium transporter OsHAK5. The numbers of both galls and nematodes were higher in both gene deficient plants than that in the wild-type plants, and the K2SO4-induced resistance showed weaker in the defective plants than in the wild-type plants.Conclusions K2SO4 treatment effectively induces rice resistance to root-knot nematode M. graminicola. The mechanism of inducing resistance is to prime the basic defense of rice, up-regulating the expression of resistance-related genes and with the involvement of K+ channel and transporter. These laid a foundation for further study on the mechanism of rice to defense against root-knot nematodes and the effective use of potassium fertilizer to improve rice resistance against nematodes in the field.
Retrospective Analyses of the Clinicopathological and Prognostic Features of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Grade A Tertiary Hospital in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Yang Lifei , Zheng Shutao , Liu Qing , Liu Tao , Zhang Qiqi , Han Xiujuan , Tuerxun Aerziguli , Lu Xiaomei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this invesigation was to retrospectively analyze and summarize the clinicopathological and prognostic features of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) at the Cancer Hospital Affiliated of the Xinjiang Medical University , a Grade A tertiary hospital in Xinjiang. Methods: The clinicopathological data and follow-up data were collected from 419 ESCC patients . The overall survival (OS) and the related factors affecting survival were analyzed. Results: Among the patients , 265 (63.2%) did not receive any postoperative treatment. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 84.8%, 47.5%, and 37.3%, respectively, and the median survival time (MST) was 29.0 months . Multivariate analysis showed that sources of patients, tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and stage of the disease were the independent predictors of OS. The finding in subgroup analysis indicated that there was a positive relationship between area and overall survival.Conclusions: Postoperative treatments of these patients with ESCC were shown to be inadequent. Postadjuvant therapies of patients need to be strengthened. Targeted treatment regimes of different regions should be carried out by health department to alleviate the cancer burden.
Structural and Optical Properties in thin-films of (GeGa2)100-x(Sb2Ga3)x (x = 15, 30, 45, 60) Alloys
Authors: Raj Rajnish , Lohia Pooja , Dwivedi D K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Investigation of structural morphology and optical parameters of non-oxide (GeGa2)100−x (Sb2Ga3)x (x = 15, 30, 45, 60) glass alloys have been studied in the present paper. Thin films of prepared bulk samples by melt quenching technique were obtained using thermal evaporation method. XRD, DSC and SEM were used to investigate the structural morphology and thermal properties of materials. The linear and non-linear optical properties of prepared samples have been studied for optoelectronic applications. FTIR transmittance spectra defines the impurities present in the prepared glassy alloys. It was observed that energy bandgap (Eg) obtain by Tauc’s plot varies from 2.9 eV to 1.25 eV. The calculated value of k, Eg decreases whereas the α and Urbach energy increases with increasing doping Sb concentration. The decrease in energy bandgap is discussed on the basis of Mott and Davis model.