bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical Populism and COVID-19 Testing
Authors: Hedges Kristin , Lasco Gideon 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper uses the lens of medical populism to analyze the impact of biocommunicability on COVID-19 testing through a case study approach. The political efficacy of testing is traced through two mini-case studies: the Philippines and the United States. The case studies follow the approach of populism scholars in drawing from various sources that ‘render the populist style visible’ from the tweets and press releases of government officials to media reportage. Using the framework of medical populism, the case studies pay attention to the ways in which coronavirus testing figured in (1) simplification of the pandemic; (2) spectacularization of the crisis; (3) forging of divisions; and (4) invocation of knowledge claims. Identifying and critically analyzing how knowledge is generated is an essential step to recognizing the impact that political styles have on the COVID pandemic. The political actors in each case study have shaped knowledge of the epidemic, in the way they construct the idea of ‘testing’, and in how they mobilize testing as an ‘evidence-making practice’. Their actions shaped how the pandemic—as well as their responses—is measured. This framework contributes to public policy debates by providing evidence of the impact of medical populism on pandemic response efforts.
„[D]er Glanz des Goldes in der Schläfe …“
Authors: Meyer Christian , Jung Patrick 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung
In den 1970er Jahren wurden auf dem Alten Kirchplatz in Haan, Kreis Mettmann, während Bauarbeiten zahlreiche Bestattungen aufgedeckt und dabei weitgehend zerstört. Geborgen wurden damals lediglich einige Schädelreste mit einer besonderen Kopfzier aus Buntmetall (inkl. Anhaftungen von Haaren und Textilien), die später als sterbliche Überreste hochadliger Stiftsdamen beschrieben und als Ensemble in das 10. Jahrhundert datiert worden sind. Diese chronologische Einordnung basierte vor allem auf Radiokarbondatierungen, die heute allerdings als Fälschungen angesehen werden müssen. Eine aktuelle, interdisziplinäre Untersuchung der wenigen heute noch vorhandenen Funde ergibt zum einen eine vollkommen neue Interpretation als zuvor und zum anderen eine Umdatierung in das 17. bis 18. Jahrhundert. Die neue Datierung basiert dabei auf drei voneinander unabhängigen Methoden (Osteoarchäologie, AMS 14C-Datierung, Mikro-Röntgenfluoreszenz-Analyse), die sich gegenseitig ergänzen. Die Metallfunde konnten zudem durch Vergleiche mit Bild- und Schriftquellen sicher als sog. Ohreisen (ndl. oorijzers) identifiziert werden, hergestellt aus Messing, welche als Unterbau einer neuzeitlichen Haubentracht von Frauen verschiedener Gesellschaftsschichten getragen worden sind. Im Einzugsgebiet des Rheins war die Ohreisentracht in Deutschland bis zur Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts weit verbreitet, ist danach aber sehr schnell in Vergessenheit geraten, was mit zur langjährigen Fehldeutung der Funde beigetragen hat. Mit der hier vorgelegten, neuen kulturhistorischen Einordnung der Bestattungen aus Haan kann gleichzeitig ein signifikanter Beitrag zur Funeralarchäologie der Neuzeit geleistet werden.
Leiden als „sakramentale Substanz“ – die „Heilkunst“ von Joseph Beuys und ihre Bezüge zur christlich-mittelalterlichen Materialikonologie
Authors: Lieb Stefanie 
Published: May 2021

Zusammenfassung
Der Künstler Joseph Beuys (1921–1986), dessen 100. Geburtstag in diesem Jahr groß begangen wird, wollte mit seiner Kunst den Menschen „heilen“ – und dies vor allem inspiriert durch einen christlich-spirituellen Ansatz. Besonders die spirituelle Aufladung mittelalterlicher Kunst mit ihrer Materialikonologie scheint dabei für ihn eine wichtige Rolle gespielt zu haben.
Evaluation of the clinical self-efficacy of postgraduate midwifery students who took courses related to biochemistry: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kosova Funda , Şimşek Hanife Nurseven , Çelik Nurcan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Postgraduate midwifery students learn the science and art of midwifery in clinical settings through the integration of evidence-based knowledge, practical skills, quality of care, and personal attitudes. These personal attitudes are confidence, intuition, problem solving, critical thinking, and self-efficacy. This study’s goal was to evaluate the clinical self-efficacy of midwifery students who took courses related to biochemistry in the postgraduate education program.

Methods
A cross-sectional design was used in the study. In the study, data collection was performed using surveys from students in the postgraduate midwifery education program. The study data were collected by employing the “Introductory Information Form” and the “Self-efficacy for Clinical Evaluation Scale.” Data evaluation was performed by number, percentage, mean, and correlation test.

Results
It was revealed that 67.7% of midwifery students who took the courses were postgraduate students in the thesis stage, 41% of them worked in secondary health services, and 51.6% of them had a clinical experience of 5 years and more. The total score of the self-efficacy perception subscale was 4.22 ± 0.49 (1–5), whereas the total score of the perceived confidence subscale was 4.57 ± 0.45 (1–5). There was a statistically significant correlation between the self-efficacy subscale and the importance subscale.

Conclusions
The results indicated that postgraduate midwifery students had high clinical self-efficacy scores. We think that the elective courses related to biochemistry in the postgraduate midwifery education program may have positively affected their clinical skills. We anticipate that it will be appropriate to conduct research with a larger sample size to examine the effect of postgraduate midwifery education on students’ clinical self-efficacy.
Analytical and Laboratory Investigation on the Use of RAP and Waste Plastic for Conservative Planning of Road Construction Raw Materials
Authors: Tapase Anand B. , Sayyed Sabir S. , Patil Nagendra , Kadam Digvijay , Shelar Ajay , Patil Ravindra P. , Chandak Piyush 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The current work emphasizes improving the procedure for analysis and design of flexible pavement by considering a variety of materials to be used in different layers of pavement. Field investigation and laboratory analysis were carried out to classify the subgrade soil based on their strength parameter. It is observed that most of the flexible pavement near Satara is getting deteriorated earlier than its design life. In the present study, the effect of waste materials individually and in combination on the physical properties, rutting, and fatigue behavior of pavement by laboratory and analytical investigation is evaluated. The various important input parameters like traffic characteristics, moduli of paving materials, etc. are used in structural models. The output of structural models in the form of strains, stresses, and deflection are used in distress models while the output of these distress models is examined against fatigue and rutting criteria recommended by the Guidelines for the Design of Flexible Pavements (IRC:37-2012). The computed strains at the critical locations are compared with allowable limits to decide the thicknesses of hypothetical conditions formed under different combinations of varying materials and thicknesses. The design charts proposed by consideration of multiple factors of varying nature are more realistic and optimum design charts, which can be considered to replace existing pavement sections with an eco-friendly and economic approach.
A systematic review of parents’ experiences of raising a child with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Simpson Saffron , Hanna Paul , Jones Christina J 
Published: May 2021

Background: There are currently 1.1 million young people estimated to have type 1 diabetes (T1D) across the world. A diagnosis of T1D impacts not only the children’s lives but also those of the parents.Aim: To understand the experiences of parents raising a child with T1D.Methods: For inclusion, studies had to report qualitative data on parents' experiences of raising a child with a diagnosis of T1D. Parents included mothers, fathers or any other primary caregivers. Eleven databases were systematically searched for relevant articles. Studies were quality assessed and study characteristics extracted. The data were thematically synthesised.Results: Thirty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Thematic synthesis yielded two analytical themes: ‘adjusting to a new reality’ and ‘navigating appropriate T1D support’. The five descriptive themes that contributed to these were ‘distressing diagnostic experience’, ‘change of life routine’, ‘enablers and barriers to support from others’, ‘reconstruction of family dynamics’ and ‘psychological impact over time’.Conclusions: Difficulties parents encounter in support received from school and healthcare professionals are highlighted. Parents’ mental health needs should be attended to throughout T1D clinic appointments. Future research should explore fathers' experiences, as well as characteristics (such as employment status, education, relationship status and underlying mental health issues) which may affect parental experience, given the paucity of existing evidence.
Macroglossia and outcome of severity based treatment regime
Authors: Kumar Umesh , Huded Vijaykumar , Bera Sudipta , Jain Pradeep , Sarkar Arnab , Sharma Yasharth 
Published: May 2021

Background: This study aims to categorize macroglossia patients into mild, moderate, and severe groups and formulate a treatment plan depending upon the severity of tongue involvement.Methods: Eight patients presented with macroglossia between 2018 and 2020 are reviewed retrospectively. The patients were categorized into three subgroups depending upon the clinical presentation and subjected to either sclerotherapy or surgical debulking. The clinical outcome as a reduction of size and symptomatic improvement were analyzed and categorized after a minimum of 6 months follow-up.Results: Eight patients (5 males and 3 females) aged 10-40 years with a mean age of 28.25 (SD 10.29) years were included in the study. Of eight patients, four cases were of vascular malformation, three of neurofibroma, and one was due to amyloidosis. Four patients were treated with surgery, three with sclerotherapy while one patient was managed with combined modalities. On average, 58% and 28% volume reduction were achieved with surgery and sclerotherapy respectively. Excellent, very good, and good results were obtained in 1, 3, and 4 cases respectively. Pain (2/8), edema (2/8), and distal congestion (1/8) were noted as a complication.Conclusions: Macroglossia results from various causes and the common cause being VM. Surgery and sclerotherapy are the mainstay treatment for such a condition. They remain effective when used alone or in combination and also in a staged manner depending upon the severity of macroglossia.
Analysis of extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy in renal calcular disease among children: a tertiary care experience
Authors: Khan Suhail M. , Khan Azhar A. , Kanth Anzeen N. , Khan Aymen M. , Kanth Irtifa N. 
Published: May 2021

Background: The aim of this study is to review 10 years of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) experience in paediatric urolithiasis patients.Methods: Data from a cohort of paediatric urolithiasis patients who underwent shock wave lithotripsy between 2012 and 2019 at department of urology, Indraprastha Apollo, New Delhi were used in a single-centre, retrospective comparative study. During a seven-year period, 250 paediatric patients (Male/female: 134/116, mean age: 10.22 years, range: 1-18) had 284 shock wave sessions in our hospital, with 208 having primary and 42 having recurrent urolithiasis. A total of 328 stones were discovered, with 192 (58.5%) in boys and 136 (41.5%) in girls. For ample stone fragmentation, one session of 200 to 3000 shockwave impulses was required, though some patients required more than 8000 impulses over 4 sessions. However, in most patients, low-energy shockwaves with a frequency of 1-2 were used to fragment the stones.Results: Younger age was associated with quicker stone clearance in our study, which was likely due to shorter urinary tracts and a smaller "barrier" between the device and the stone. Furthermore, children who had renal colic prior to lithotripsy had a considerably lower chance of removing stones within two days than those who did not. This can be explained by the colic's underlying mechanism, which evolves against the backdrop of ureteric wall spasm. Mild macrohematuria and "steinstrasse" were identified in almost all patients during the first post-lithotripsy days, as predicted during the post-op course. There were no major obstructive, infectious, or other severe complications.Conclusions: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy proved to be a safe and highly effective minimally invasive treatment of children with kidney stone disease.
Large retroperitoneal hematoma in a patient with haemophilia B
Authors: Beedubailu Ramya , Tubachi Prashant 
Published: May 2021

A spontaneous retroperitoneal hematoma is very rare and quite a challenging entity, more so when its presentation mimics other more common causes of acute abdomen, as in this interesting case. Here, patient presented with acute abdomen with polyarthralgia with flank ecchymosis (Grey Turner’s sign) with flank mass which lead us in the direction of acute pancreatitis. However, past history of recurrent bleeding episodes and positive family history along with blood investigations revealing an isolated prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time tickled our brains with the differentials of coagulation disorders. Computed tomography showed large retroperitoneal hematoma. After initial resuscitation in the emergency room he was managed conservatively with fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate and blood transfusions. On detailed evaluation, coagulation workup showed deficient coagulation factor IX levels leading us to the diagnosis of haemophilia B. Now, the patient is doing good on regular follow up.
QUALIDADE FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DOS ÓLEOS BRUTOS DE PALMA E PALMISTE
Authors: Pombo Joseane , Barroso Marcos , Ribeiro Denise , Sousa Sérgio 
Published: May 2021

Embora extraídos do dendê (Elaeis guineensis), os óleos de palma e palmiste apresentam composições químicas e nutricionais distintas, uma vez que, o óleo de palma é extraído do mesocarpo do fruto e o óleo de palmiste é extraído da amêndoa do fruto. A qualidade do fruto pode ser afetada pela sua rápida deterioração no intervalo entre a colheita e o processamento de extração do óleo, portanto é de extrema importância o controle de qualidade do óleo extraído dessa oleaginosa. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a qualidade físico-química dos óleos brutos de palma e palmiste afim de verificar a eficácia do processo produtivo. Foram analisados o teor de umidade, impurezas insolúveis, índices de acidez, índice de peróxido e índice de iodo dos óleos. O óleo de palma apresentou teor de umidade = 0,12 %, impurezas insolúveis = 0,020 %, índices de acidez = 2,82 % de ácido palmítico, índice de peróxido = 1,93 mEq/Kg e índice de iodo = 53,13 g I2/g; enquanto o óleo de palmiste apresentou teor de umidade = 0,11 %, impurezas insolúveis = 0,016 %, índices de acidez = 0,24 % de ácido láurico, índice de peróxido = 0,64 mEq/Kg e índice de iodo = 17,09 g I2/g, todos valores satisfatórios dentro dos padrões recomendados pelos órgãos regulamentadores de identidade e qualidade de óleos vegetais brutos. Tais resultados indicam a eficácia do processo produtivo, uma vez que, o produto realizado estava em conformidade com o produto esperado, garantindo o controle de qualidade do produto final.
Atividade bactericida de ramnolipídeos combinados com NaCl frente à Listeria monocytogenes.
Authors: Ferroni Passos Tathiane , Nitschke Marcia 
Published: May 2021

Doenças Transmitidas por Alimentos (DTAs) vem crescendo em taxas elevadas, assim como o aumento da resistência aos tratamentos antimicrobianos convencionais. Neste contexto, a propriedade antimicrobiana de biossurfactantes, como os ramnolipídeos (RLs) vem sendo estudada como uma nova alternativa no controle de patógenos alimentares. Os RLs apresentam estabilidade em alta concentração salina, baixa toxicidade, além de serem biodegradáveis o que favorece sua aplicação em alimentos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a ação antimicrobiana de RLs na presença de NaCl (cloreto de sódio), relacionando com a sua atividade bactericida frente à Listeria monocytogenes. Foram determinados os valores de Concentração Inibitória e Bactericida Mínimas (CIM) e (CBM) dos RLs e RLs-NaCl, além de se realizar medidas de Concentração Micelar Crítica (CMC). Os resultados mostraram redução dos valores de CIM de 156,25 mg/L para 39,06 mg/L em meio contendo 5% de NaCl, e de CBM de >2500 para 78,12 mg/L. Também foi possível observar que o NaCl promoveu redução nos valores de CMC do biossurfactante de 94,2 mg/L para 16 mg/L, sugerindo que a agregação micelar está relacionada com a atividade antimicrobiana. A presença de NaCl aumentou a atividade antimicrobiana dos RLs e pode ser explorada como uma ferramenta promissora para o controle de L. monocytogenes.
MICROBIOLOGIA DO QUEIJO COALHO COMERCIALIZADO EM FEIRAS LIVRES EM SANTARÉM-PA
Authors: PEREIRA AMANDA , BRITO ANANDA , DA MOTA RAFAELA 
Published: May 2021

O queijo tipo coalho é um alimento obtido através da coagulação do leite, normalmente é produzido de forma artesanal em propriedades rurais por pessoas não capacitadas, está forma de produção sem os devidos cuidados e sem a aplicação de boas práticas de fabricação favorece o crescimento de microrganismos indesejáveis. O objetivo do presente estudo foi de avaliar a microbiologia do queijo tipo coalho produzido em propriedades rurais e comercializado em feiras livres em Santarém, estado do Pará. Foram coletadas 15 amostras de queijo coalho, e encaminhadas ao laboratório de microbiologia do Centro Universitário da Amazônia. As análises foram realizadas no período de Janeiro a Julho de 2019. Foi utilizada a técnica dos tubos múltiplos para a determinação do número mais provável de coliformes totais, coliformes termotolerantes, contagem de Staphylococcus coagulase positiva e a determinação da presença de Salmonella sp. Foi identificada a presença de coliformes totais em todas as amostras, de coliformes termotolerantes em 10 amostras, houve o crescimento de Staphylococcus em todas as amostras, no entanto, apenas 5 apresentaram valores acima do que a legislação permite, e ausência total de Salmonella sp. Conclui-se que as amostras obtidas encontravam-se improprias para o consumo, evidenciou condições de higiene inadequadas, apresentando elevada contaminação por microrganismos e fora dos parâmetros definidos pela legislação vigente o que pode causar danos à saúde do consumidor.
Processamento e caracterização de geleia mista de polpa de caju com chá de cravo-da-índia: Influência da adição de diferentes edulcorantes
Authors: Rodrigues da Silva Layanne , Jaciane Araujo Rodrigues Thais , Leal Barros Sâmela , Maria Feitosa de Figueiredo Rossana , Trindade Rocha Ana Paula 
Published: May 2021

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a influência de diferentes edulcorantes na composição físico-química de geleias mistas de polpa de caju com chá de cravo-da-índia. Inicialmente foi realizada a caracterização físico-química da polpa integral de caju, em seguida foram elaboradas quatro geleias mistas de polpa de caju com chá de cravo-da-índia com adição de diferentes edulcorantes: G1 (açúcar cristal), G2 (açúcar mascavo), G3 (açúcar demerara) e G4 (sucralose). As geleias e a polpa de caju foram caracterizadas físico-quimicamente em quadruplicata quanto ao pH, acidez total titulável, sólidos solúveis totais, ratio, atividade de água, teor de água, cinzas, açúcares redutores, não-redutores e totais, ácido ascórbico e lipídeos. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância, e as médias, comparadas pelo teste de Tukey, ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Verificou-se que o uso de diferentes edulcorantes nas formulações das geleias mistas de caju e chá de cravo-da-índia produzidas alterou a composição das geleias, com os resultados mais próximos dos parâmetros avaliados entre as geleias G1, G2 e G3 e com a formulação G4 apresentando os resultados mais distantes e com altos índices de atividade e teor de água, tornando-se um meio propicio ao desenvolvimento de micro-organismos. Todas as formulações de geleias mistas de caju e chá de cravo-da-índia avaliadas são consideradas com alto conteúdo de ácido ascórbico e baixo teor de lipídios.
Perdas pós colheita de frutas e hortaliças em mercados da região de Bom Jesus do Itabapoana – RJ
Authors: Caetano Menditi Ana Clara , CAETANO MENDITI LARISSA , FLORES DUTRA HAYLANE PAOLA , CARVALHO BOTELHO RIBEIRO MARISA 
Published: May 2021

RESUMO: Sabe-se que frutas e hortaliças são extremamente importantes na dieta humana por trazer inúmeros benefícios e serem ricas em nutrientes essenciais, porém sabe-se também que apresentam alta perecibilidade. Suas perdas se baseiam numa faixa de 35% a 40% durante toda a etapa de produção até o consumo. Esse trabalho objetivou-se analisar e auxiliar na redução das perdas pós colheita de frutas e hortaliças em três unidades de mercados resididos em Bom Jesus do Itabapoana-RJ. A metodologia aplicada foi um questionário, elaborado com oito questões (tanto objetivas quanto discursivas). Os resultados da seguinte pesquisa foram todos registrados para a sua discussão, utilizando o teste de Tukey a 5% de significância, e foi possível observar que as frutas/hortaliças que obtiveram mais perdas, foram: morango, banana, tomate e batata, respectivamente; tendo em comum, nos três comércios, os danos físicos, microbiológicos e mecânicos. Com isso, nota-se a importância de que os manipuladores e comerciantes tenham conhecimento sobre a fisiologia desses vegetais e lhes sejam esclarecidos sobre higiene, transporte e armazenamento destes, a fim de se alcançar uma otimização em toda a cadeia produtiva e adotar-se medidas como embalagens adequadas e controle de temperatura.

Palavras-chave: Desperdício, Cadeia produtiva, Controle de qualidade
A judicialização de medicamentos sem registro na ANVISA e o posicionamento do Supremo Tribunal Federal para a solução da problemática
Authors: Brustolin Alessandra , DONIZETTE MACHADO EDINILSON , CALDERON-VALENCIA FELIPE 
Published: May 2021

Ainda que não exista um consenso sobre as causas da judicialização da saúde, estudos recentes apontam de forma incisiva que o Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) pode estar criando obstáculos para a sua solução. As demandas relacionadas a medicamento ocupam lugar de destaque no cenário da judicialização e, especialmente aquelas que envolvem o requerimento ou concessão de fármacos sem registro perante a ANVISA, têm sido objeto de discussão. Nesse sentido, o estudo analisa criticamente o direito à saúde constitucionalmente estabelecido, a postura adotada pelo STF nesses casos e as suas repercussões no cenário de saúde. Constatou-se que o posicionamento da Corte revela incongruências, o que repercute diretamente em questões orçamentárias relacionadas ao financiamento com políticas e serviços de saúde. Os métodos utilizados foram o dedutivo e a análise de caso de Robert Yin.