bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pioglitazone for NAFLD Patients With Prediabetes or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lian Jingxuan , Fu Jianfang 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the effects of pioglitazone in the treatment of patients with prediabetes or T2DM combined with NAFLD.MethodsThe Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Embase, and ClinicalTrials databases were searched until August 2020 for publications written in English. Two reviewers independently assessed study eligibility, continuous data extraction, independent assessment of bias risk, and graded the strength of evidence. Our primary outcomes were the individual number of patients with improvement of at least 1 point in each of the histological parameters. Baseline characteristic data, such as BMI, weight, total body fat, fasting plasma glucose and fasting plasma insulin, and liver biological indicators, such as triglyceride level, HDL cholesterol level, plasma AST, and plasma ALT, were used as secondary outcomes.ResultsA total of 4 studies were included. Compared with placebo, pioglitazone significantly improved steatosis grade, inflammation grade and ballooning grade, while in the fibrosis stage, there was no significant improvement in pioglitazone compared with placebo. In addition, pioglitazone can also improve blood glucose and liver function.ConclusionPioglitazone can significantly improve the histological performance of the liver and insulin sensitivity. Additionally, it can significantly reduce fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, plasma AST, ALT and other liver biological indicators. Due to the lack of relevant randomized controlled trials and short intervention times, long-term studies are still needed to verify its efficacy and safety.Systematic Review Registration[PROSPERO], identifier [CRD42020212025].
Identification of Key Functional Gene Signatures Indicative of Dedifferentiation in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Xu Weibo , Li Cuiwei , Ma Ben , Lu Zhongwu , Wang Yuchen , Jiang Hongyi , Luo Yi , Yang Yichen , Wang Xiao , Liao Tian , Ji Qinghai , Wang Yu , Wei Wenjun 
Published: April 2021

Background: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer. Many of them can relapse to dedifferentiated thyroid cancer (DDTC) and exhibit different gene expression profiles. The underlying mechanism of dedifferentiation and the involved genes or pathways remained to be investigated.Methods: A discovery cohort obtained from patients who received surgical resection in the Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center (FUSCC) and two validation cohorts derived from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used to screen out differentially expressed genes in the dedifferentiation process. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was constructed to identify modules highly related to differentiation. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to identify pathways related to differentiation, and all differentially expressed genes were grouped by function based on the GSEA and literature reviewing data. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis was used to control the number of variables in each group. Next, we used logistic regression to build a gene signature in each group to indicate differentiation status, and we computed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to evaluate the indicative performance of each signature.Results: A total of 307 upregulated and 313 downregulated genes in poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) compared with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and normal thyroid (NT) were screened out in FUSCC cohort and validated in two GEO cohorts. WGCNA of 620 differential genes yielded the seven core genes with the highest correlation with thyroid differentiation score (TDS). Furthermore, 395 genes significantly correlated with TDS in univariate logistic regression analysis were divided into 11 groups. The areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) of the gene signature of group transcription and epigenetic modification, signal and substance transport, extracellular matrix (ECM), and metabolism in the training set [The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort] and validation set (combined GEO cohort) were both &gt;0.75. The gene signature based on group transcription and epigenetic modification, cilia formation and movement, and proliferation can reflect the patient's disease recurrence state.Conclusion: The dedifferentiation of DTC is affected by a variety of mechanisms including many genes. The gene signature of group transcription and epigenetic modification, signal and substance transport, ECM, and metabolism can be used as biomarkers for DDTC.
Identification of an Individualized Metabolism Prognostic Signature and Related Therapy Regimens in Early Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hu Junjie , Yu Huansha , Sun Liangdong , Yan Yilv , Zhang Lele , Jiang Gening , Zhang Peng 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveThe choice of adjuvant therapy for early stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains controversial. Identifying the metabolism characteristics leading to worse prognosis may have clinical utility in offering adjuvant therapy.MethodsThe gene expression profiles of LUAD were collected from 22 public datasets. The patients were divided into a meta-training cohort (n = 790), meta-testing cohort (n = 716), and three independent validation cohorts (n = 345, 358, and 321). A metabolism-related gene pair index (MRGPI) was trained and validated in the cohorts. Subgroup analyses regarding tumor stage and adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) were performed. To explore potential therapeutic targets, we performed in silico analysis of the MRGPI.ResultsThrough machine learning, MRGPI consisting of 12 metabolism-related gene pairs was constructed. MRGPI robustly stratified patients into high- vs low-risk groups in terms of overall survival across and within subpopulations with stage I or II disease in all cohorts. Multivariable analysis confirmed that MRGPI was an independent prognostic factor. ACT could not improve prognosis in high-risk patients with stage I disease, but could improve prognosis in the high-risk patients with stage II disease. In silico analysis indicated that B3GNT3 (overexpressed in high-risk patients) and HSD17B6 (down-expressed in high-risk patients) may make synergic reaction in immune evasion by the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. When integrated with clinical characteristics, the composite clinical and metabolism signature showed improved prognostic accuracy.ConclusionsMRGPI could effectively predict prognosis of the patients with early stage LUAD. The patients at high risk may get survival benefit from PD-1/PD-L1 blockade (stage I) or combined with chemotherapy (stage II).
Edible and Herbal Plants for the Prevention and Management of COVID-19
Authors: Li Sha , Cheng Chien-Shan , Zhang Cheng , Tang Guo-Yi , Tan Hor-Yue , Chen Hai-Yong , Wang Ning , Lai Agnes Yuen-Kwan , Feng Yibin 
Published: April 2021

Background: The outbreak of the pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has now become a global pandemic spreading throughout the world. Unfortunately, due to the high infectiousness of the novel β-coronavirus, it is very likely to become an ordinary epidemic. The development of dietary supplements and functional foods might provide a strategy for the prevention and management of COVID-19.Scope and Approach: A great diversity of potential edible and medicinal plants and/or natural compounds showed potential benefits in managing SARS, which may also combat COVID-19. Moreover, many plants and compounds have currently been proposed to be protective against COVID-19. This information is based on data-driven approaches and computational chemical biology techniques. In this study, we review promising candidates of edible and medicinal plants for the prevention and management of COVID-19. We primarily focus on analyzing their underlying mechanisms. We aim to identify dietary supplements and functional foods that assist in managing this epidemic.Key findings and Conclusion: We infer that acetoside, glyasperin, isorhamnetin, and several flavonoid compounds may prevent and/or be effective in managing COVID-19 by targeting the viral infection, reducing the host cytokine storm, regulating the immune response, and providing organ protection. These bioactive dietary components (used either alone or in combination) might assist in the development of dietary supplements or functional foods for managing COVID-19.
Authenticity as a Resilience Factor Against CV-19 Threat Among Those With Chronic Pain and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Reed David E. , Lehinger Elizabeth , Cobos Briana , Vail Kenneth E. , Nabity Paul S. , Helm Peter J. , Galgali Madhwa S. , McGeary Donald D. 
Published: April 2021

ObjectiveThe novel coronavirus (2019; CV-19) is linked to increases in emotional distress and may be particularly problematic for those with pre-existing mental and physical conditions, such as chronic pain and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, little empirical research has been published on resilience factors in these individuals. The present study aims to examine authenticity as a resilience factor among those with chronic pain and/or PTSD.MethodsPrior to the national response to the pandemic (January 10-24, 2020), participants were screened for pain-related disability (Oswestry Disability Index; ODI) and PTSD symptoms (Posttraumatic Checklist for DSM-5; PCL-5), and on the basis of those responses were categorized into one of four groups: healthy, chronic pain only, PTSD only, or comorbid chronic pain and PTSD. During the CV-19 pandemic (May 5-May 13, 2020), participants responded again to the ODI and PCL-5, in addition to the Wood Authenticity Scale, Brief Pain Inventory, and items related to the CV-19 pandemic.ResultsA total of 110 participants (54.55% women), aged 42.19 (SD= 13.16), completed the survey during the pandemic. The comorbid group endorsed higher levels of CV-19 Threat and Impact compared to all other groups. Authenticity moderated this relationship relevant to CV-19 Threat among those in the chronic pain only group, and not in any other group.ConclusionThe comorbid group endorsed higher levels of CV-19 Threat and Impact compared to all other groups. Importantly, greater authenticity was associated with less CV-19 Threat in the chronic pain only group, and not in any other group. The present study also highlights the importance of engaging authentically for those with chronic pain during the pandemic.
The Development of a Multidimensional Inventory for the Assessment of Mental Pain (FESSTE 30)
Authors: Flenreiss-Frankl Karin , Fuchshuber Jürgen , Unterrainer Human Friedrich 
Published: April 2021

Background:Although the term “mental pain” is often the subject of expert opinions regarding claims for damages, there is still no standardized questionnaire in the German-speaking area to operationalize this concept. Therefore, the aim of this work is the development and validation of a self-assessment measurement for psychological pain after traumatic events (FESSTE).Methods:A first version of the questionnaire was applied on a sample of the German speaking general population (N=425; 88% female). After performing an item analysis and exploratory factor analysis, the questionnaire was shortened and tested on a second German speaking general population sample (N=619; 89% female). Finally, the newly developed questionnaire was related to the extent of traumatization (measured with a uniquely designed trauma checklist attached to the FESSTE) and already established instruments for the assessment of psychiatric symptom burden, which included the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18) and the Post-traumatic-Stress-Scale (PTSS-10).Results:The final version of the FESSTE consists of a total of 30 items and covers the subscales “Somatization,” “Depression,” “Intrusive Memories,” “Dissociation” and “Anxiety,” and a total scale “Mental Pain.” Based on the confirmatory factor analysis, it is assumed that the latent factor structure of the FESSTE can be best described as a bifactor-model. The final version shows a satisfactory model fit, high internal consistencies, and strong positive correlations with the BSI-18 and PTSS-10, as well as the extent of traumatic experiences.Discussion:The FESSTE enables an operationalization of mental pain comprising five subscales and one total scale. What is more, the trauma checklist attached to the FESSTE allows for the standardized assessment of potentially traumatic experiences and the corresponding extent of these experiences. The results indicate that the FESSTE is a reliable and valid self-assessment procedure for mental pain, which is suitable for use in research and in expert practice.
Do Regulatory Changes Seriously Affect the Medical Devices Industry? Evidence From the Czech Republic
Authors: Maresova Petra , Rezny Lukas , Peter Lukas , Hajek Ladislav , Lefley Frank 
Published: April 2021

Background: Within the EU, some of the challenges and perceived risks now facing medical device (MD) developers result from changes in the regulatory framework, emphasizing safety. Therefore, medical technology companies must adopt stricter quality assurance measures so that individual devices can be speedily tracked and retrieved in emergency situations.Objectives: We highlight the challenges and risks faced by the European medical devices industry, particularly those faced by SMEs in the Czech Republic. We address two important research questions: Q1. Do advantages from increased regulation outweigh the additional expenses? Q2. As many MD developers are SMEs, will the new regulatory regime result in some of those companies going out of business and therefore impede future innovation?Methods: The paper focuses on a single case study, with the situation and outcomes discussed in the context of the financial results of a further 50 medical device manufacturers marketing in the Czech Republic.Results: Our findings suggest that the new legislation will result in improved safety, facilitate product recalls, but the cost and administrative burden may be high. The evidence also indicates that some SMEs may be forced to diversify to “non-medical” products, with the inevitable loss of innovative MDs being made available to patients and healthcare providers.
رهن المنقولات غير المادية
Authors: عبد الرضا حسين عبد الله 
Published: April 2021

اذا كانت الفكرة التقليدية لتقسيم الاموال الى عقارات و منقولات قد صمدت امام الهزات العنيفة التي تعرضت لها ، فانه لا ينكر من ظهور طائفة من الاموال لم تستطع تلك الفكرة التقليدية ان تستوعبها و تخضعها للاجراءات الخاصة بها.
ان هذه الطائفة من الاموال ظهرت نتيجة للتطور العلمي و التقني و الفني مما اضطر المشرعين للاعتراف بها في قوانين خاصة و ذلك لما تشكله من قيمة اقتصادية عالية تفوق احيانا القيمة المالية للعقارات و المنقولات ، و اطلق الفقه على هذه الطائفة الجديدة الاموال غير المادية ( الاموال المعنوية ) مثل حقوق المؤلف ، و براءات الاختراع ، و برامج الحاسوب ، و الاصناف النباتية ، و المحل التجاري و ...الخ، من الاموال غير المادية.
اذا كانت هذه الاموال غير المادية او المعنوية لها قيمة اقتصادية كما اسلفنا تفوق احيانا قيمة المنقولات و العقارات فانها و لدت رغبة جامحة لدى مالكيها للاستفادة منها ماديا من خلال بيعها او رهنها للحصول على الائتمان اللازم لتغطية قرض مالي او ضمان لوفاء دين معين مثلا.
و اذا كانت هذه الاموال تصلح ان تكون محلا لعقد الرهن باعتبارها المال المرهون لما لها من قيمة مالية ، و لما تمنحه للدائنين من ثقة و ضمان بسب ارتفاع قيمتها الاقتصادية.
فان ذلك بالمقابل ولد مشاكل قانونية في نظام التامينات العينية بصورة عامة ، و اخرى في نظام الرهن بصورة خاصة وذلك لعدم خضوع هذه الاموال تحت اي من نظامي الرهن الرسمي او الحيازي ، و ذلك لانها ليست بعقار لكي تخضع للرهن الرسمي فضلا عن عدم قابليتها او امكانية حيازتها حتى تخضع لنظام الرهن الحيازي.
عليه و من هنا برزت اهمية البحث في هذا الموضوع الخاص برهن المنقولات غير المادية لمعالجة المشاكل الناشئة عن الطبيعة غير المادية لهذه الاموال و عدم قابليتها للحيازة.
فضلا عن لجوء بعض المشرعين الى تنظيم احكام خاصة لرهن هذه المنقولات غير المادية في قوانينها الخاصة و هو مما ادى الى نشوء انظمة متعددة لرهن هذه المنقولات و من ثم تعددت الاجراءات الخاصة برهن كل مال من هذه الاموال.
لذلك سوف نتناول هذا البحث في ثلاثة فصول ، نتناول في الفصل الاول ماهية المنقولات غير المادية حيث سنوضح المنقولات غير المادية التي يجوز رهنها ، ومن ثم نتناول الطبيعة القانونية للمنقولات غير المادية ، و في المبحث الثاني سنتناول شروط رهن المنقولات غير المادية حيث سنتناول الشروط العامة و الشروط الخاصة برهن هذه المنقولات و في المبحث الثالث سنتناول التكيف القانوني لعقد رهن المنقولات غير المادية حيث سنوضح فيه الاتجاهات القانونية السائدة لتكيف العقد ثم نحاول وضع تحليل قانوني مقترح لهذ العقد.
Un Modelo para Medir el Sentido de Autoeficacia Docente en Profesores de Inglés como Lengua Extranjera en Secundaria.
Authors: Chacón G. Edixon J. , Chacón C. Carmen T. 
Published: April 2021

El Sentido de Autoeficacia Docente (SAD) percibida hace referencia a las creencias de las personas acerca de sus propias capacidades para el logro de determinados resultados. No existe una escala de propósito general para la medida de la percepción de la autoeficacia, los ítems en los tests se diseñan para un propósito determinado y su aplicación resulta ambigua e incongruente cuando se llevan a diferentes contextos. Este trabajo presenta un modelo del SAD percibida construido a partir de las observaciones realizadas a un grupo de 100 docentes del área de inglés en Educación Media. La representación propuesta es evaluada aplicando Modelos de Ecuaciones Estructurales (MEE). Los resultados indican un solapamiento de ciertas dimensiones de este constructo con respecto a los modelos clásicos de medida de la autoeficacia percibida, se muestra un modelo emergente que presenta un buen ajuste a los datos y representa un punto de partida para la construcción y validación de nuevos elementos teóricos.Palabras clave: Autoeficacia Docente; Inglés; Secundaria; Modelo de Ecuaciones Estructurales.
Normas categoriales para una muestra de hablantes adultos del español de Argentina
Authors: Fumagalli Julieta , Shalóm Diego , Soriano Federico , Carden Julia , Cabañas Fale Paula , Tomio Ailín , Borovinsky Geraldine , Martínez-Cuitiño Macarena 
Published: April 2021

In this paper we present the first category norms for the Spanish of Argentina. Undergraduate students were assessed in a written fluency task in 20 semantic categories: animals, fruits, vegetables, body parts, trees, flowers, professions, tools, kitchen utensils, musical instruments, vehicles, furniture, clothing, appliances, school supplies, sports, parts of the house, games, countries and gemstones. We obtained data for the total number of members produced in each semantic category, average per category, the frequency of earlier activated members in each category, the first item for each category and a range of presentation for each member. No previous work for the Spanish -speaking population of Argentina was found, although there are some category norms for the Spanish-speaking population of other regions. We expect this data to be useful for research in the field of Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics, and also to provide suitable selection of stimuli for assessment and treatment of patients with brai n injuries.
The Achievement Emotions Questionnaire-Argentine (AEQ-AR): internal and external validity, reliability, gender differences and norm-referenced interpretation of test scores
Authors: Sánchez-Rosas Javier 
Published: April 2021

This article reports on the reliability, internal validity, external validity, gender differences, and norms of a Spanish version of the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire (Pekrun et al., 2011) adapted for Argentinean university students (namely AEQ-AR). The AEQ-AR contains 24 scales measuring enjoyment, hope, pride, relief, anger, anxiety, shame, hopelessness, and boredom during class, while studying, and when taking tests and exams. Argentinean undergraduates studying at the National University of Córdoba participated in the study. An estimation sample (N = 400) and a validation sample (N = 266) were formed to examine internal validity and reliability. The total sample (N = 666) was used to analyze external validity, gender differences and to obtain norms for the scales. Results indicate that the scales are reliable, internally valid as demonstrated by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and externally valid in terms of relationships with task value, social academic self-efficacy, achievement goals, avoidance of help seeking, and academic performance. In addition, partial support for the gender differences hypothesis of prospective and retrospective emotions related to negative results was found. The obtained norms for male and female students will allow interpret the scores obtained for practical purposes. Finally, instructions and scales of the AEQ-AR are presented in the appendix.
La Evaluación Del Trastorno Por Estrés Postraumático: Aproximación A Las Propiedades Psicométricas De La Escala De Trauma De Davidson
Authors: Villafañe A , Milanesio M S , Marcellino C M , Amodei Carlos 
Published: April 2021

Debido a la alta comorbilidad que presenta el Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático (TEPT), se considera relevante hacer una aproximación a las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Trauma de Davidson-DTS, que indaga los síntomas del trastorno, para determinar si la misma es un instrumento válido de diagnóstico. Para ello se tomaron dos muestras de sujetos entre 18 y 20 años, una conformada por estudiantes de Psicología de la UNC y otra por estudiantes de diferentes instituciones educativas de Río Tercero. Se administraron cinco instrumentos de autoinforme, dos evalúan síntomas de TEPT (DTS e IES-R), uno de depresión (Beck), un cuestionario de acontecimientos traumáticos y los STAIs, para síntomas de ansiedad. Como conclusión final la Escala de Trauma de Davidson cuenta con propiedades psicométricas aceptables para evaluar el Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático.
Development of a Novel Sensor for Gear Teeth Wear and Damage Detection
Authors: Sridhar Vikram , Chana Kam 
Published: April 2021

Health monitoring of mechanical transmission systems is an important area of research. Mechanical transmission systems, especially gear boxes in aircraft, automobiles, and wind turbines etc. account for many of the maintenance costs due to repairs, replacements and downtime. Gear boxes can experience high level of failure due to varied load conditions and harsh environments. Replacing the gear box is quite an expensive process and has significant downtime. Current gear box monitoring involves mainly measuring vibrations, however vibrations occur when the fault in the gear has already progressed significantly. Gear teeth monitoring lacks sensor technology to successfully detect tooth damage and misalignment.
This paper presents a new concept gear teeth damage detection using eddy current sensors fitted on to the teeth of an idler gear at various locations. These sensors detect various faults encountered in a gear such as micro and macro pitting of the tooth surface, contact wear etc. Eddy current sensors are already being used to detect turbomachinery blade vibrations and tip clearance as they are robust and immune to contamination. In the present case, we use an idler gear that incorporates miniature eddy current sensors and state of the art electronics with wireless data transmission to enable the device to operate remotely and in harsh environments. A rotating rig with gears (spur and helical) and oil supply was built to test and validate the sensor by seeding various faults on the tooth surface. The results show that the idler sensor gear was able to detect various faults. The new eddy current sensor idler gear concept will enable health monitoring of the gearbox and ensure timely maintenance and reduction in operation costs.