bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in Patients of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: Clinical Presentations and Outcomes
Authors: Reddy Subhakar , Tyagi Mudit , Behera Shaswat , Pappuru Rajeev R , Dave Vivek P , Basu Soumyava , Agrawal Hitesh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL) can occur even in presence of high CD 4 counts and can behave differently when compared to CMV retinitis in human immunodeficiency (HIV) patients. It, therefore, becomes important to understand its varied presentations and challenges in the management of these cases. The aim of this study was to analyse the various patterns of presentations and outcomes of CMV Retinitis in patients with NHLStudy designA retrospective chart review of seven eyes of four patients of NHL presenting with CMV retinitis between June 2017 and May 2020 was done. MethodsClinical patterns of CMV Retinitis, the CD4 counts at the time of presentation and the duration of treatment along with recurrences and time for recurrence of retinitis were assessed.ResultsGranular or indolent retinitis (6 out of 7 eyes) was the commonest form of CMV retinitis in patients of NHL. Three patients had a presenting CD4 count above 150 cells/mm3 and none of them were below 50 cells/mm3. Floaters were the commonest presenting complaint. All patients had vitritis and majority of the patients (3 out of 4) had anterior chamber (AC) inflammation. Two out of the 4 patients had a recurrence (mean time 33.8 days) after stopping the maintenance phase of ganciclovir and one patient had significant myelosuppression related to oral valganciclovir which required discontinuation of the drug. ConclusionCMV retinitis in NHL patients is usually of an indolent or granular type and can occur even in the presence of high CD4 counts as compared to patients with HIV. These patients may require a long term maintenance in view of frequent recurrences after discontinuation of treatment
A Pilot Study on Home Range and Habitat Use of Chinese Goral (Naemorhedus Griseus): Exploring GPS Tracking Data in Cliff Landscape by Three Estimation Methods
Authors: teng yang , TANG Shupei , meng lai heda , Wu Liji , HAN Zhiqing , HAN Yingying , BAO Weidong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Home range size estimation is a crucial basis for developing effective conservation strategies and provides important insights into animal behavior and ecology. This study aimed at analyzing the home range variations, the influence of altitude in habitat selection, and comparing three methods in home range estimation of Chinese gorals (Naemorhedus griseus) living at a cliff landscape. The results indicated that there were significant differences between the annual home range sizes of individual animals but there was no difference in their seasonal home range sizes based on GPS tracking data of five female Chinese gorals from February 2015 to September 2018. The monthly home ranges decreased dramatically in May, June and July due to birth-giving. Notable seasonal variations were found in the micro-habitats of the Chinese gorals, as reflected by the altitude they inhabit, with higher altitude habitats used in spring and lower altitude habitats used in winter. Additionally, the altitude of monthly habitats was lowest in January, which may indicate an adaptation to low air temperature. We also found differences between estimation methods, namely minimum convex polygon (MCP), kernel density estimation (KDE) and α-local convex hull (α-LoCoH), with seasonal home range sizes derived from α-LoCoH being substantially smaller than those derived from MCP and KDE. In conclusion, our findings filled the gaps in home range study for this endangered species and contributed to effective conservation strategies. Considerations shall have to be given to the variations in home range estimation caused by different methods when dealing with rugged habitats, so as to make sure that any interpretation concerning the habitat use of the targeted species made on basis of such results would be meaningful and valid.
Explicating Sediment Sources of the Catchment Upstream of the Miyun Reservoir in Beijing, China
Authors: Fang Haiyan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
As the only water drinking resource in Beijing, the Miyun Reservoir is still suffered over ten thousand tons of sediment input from its upper catchment. Explicating sediment sources of the catchment upstream of the reservoir is urgently required to further implement soil conservation measures. In this paper, the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Sediment Delivery (SEDD) models were combined to explicate the major sediment source of the catchment through exploring the spatial distributions of soil erosion and sediment delivery as well as their relations with land use and topography, and sediment source areas were then identified. The catchment average soil erosion intensity (SEI) of 4.08 t ha− 1 yr− 1 was two times the soil loss tolerance (T = 2.00 t ha− 1 yr− 1) of the study region. The values of cell sediment delivery ratio (SDR) showed a network distribution pattern, ranging from zero to unit, with an average of 1.65%. Cell specific sediment yield (SSY) presented a similar spatial pattern to SDR, ranging from 0 to 902 t ha− 1 yr− 1, with an average of 0.04 t ha− 1 yr− 1. Bare land suffered the highest SEI of 39.01 t ha− 1 yr− 1, followed by shrub land and orchard field. Nearly 70% of the sediment came from grass land. Farmland was the second sediment contributor. Grass land and farmland are the two major sediment source areas. Soil conservation practices should be further implemented on these lands, especially on the 3–5°slopes with elevations less than 500 m a.s.l.
Identification of the Ferroptosis-Related Long Non-Coding RNAs Signature to Improve the Prognosis Prediction in patients with NSCLC
Authors: Li Meng , Zhang Yanpeng , Fan Meng , Ren Hui , Chen Mingwei , Shi Puyu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent type of lung carcinoma with an unfavorable prognosis. Ferroptosis, a novel iron-dependent programmed cell death, is involved in the development of multiple cancers. Of note, the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs in NSCLC remains uncertain. Methods: Gene expression profiles and clinical information of NSCLC were retrieved from the TCGA database. Ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) were explored in the FerrDb database and ferroptosis-related lncRNAs (FRGs-lncRNAs) were identified by the correlation analysis and the LncTarD database. Next, The differentially expressed FRGs-lncRNAs were screened and FRGs-lncRNAs associated with the prognosis were explored by univariate Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Then, an FRGs-lncRNAs signature was constructed by the Lasso-penalized Cox model in the training cohort and verified by internal and external validation. Finally, the potential correlation between risk score, immune response, and chemotherapeutic sensitivity was further investigated.Results: 129 lncRNAs with a potential regulatory relationship with 59 differentially expressed FRGs were found in NSCLC and 10 FRGs-lncRNAs associated with the prognosis of NSCLC were identified (P<0.05). 9 prognostic-related FRGs-lncRNAs (AQP4-AS1, DANCR, LINC00460, LINC00892, LINC00996, MED4-AS1, SNHG7, UCA1, and WWC2-AS2) were used to construct the prognostic model and stratify patients with NSCLC into high- and low-risk groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a worse outcome in patients with high risk (P<0.05). Moreover, a good predictive capacity of this signature in predicting NSCLC prognosis was confirmed by the ROC curve analysis. Additionally, 45 immune checkpoint genes and 8 m6A-related genes were found differentially expressed in the two risk groups, and the sensitivity of 28 chemotherapeutics were identified to be correlated with the risk score. Conclusion: A novel FRGs-lncRNAs signature was successfully constructed, which may contribute to improving the management strategies of NSCLC.
A Perg Adaptation Paradigm for Detection of Retinal Ganglion Cell Dysfunction in Glaucoma Patients.
Authors: Salgarello Tommaso , Cozzupoli Grazia Maria , Giudiceandrea Andrea , Antonello Fadda , Placidi Giorgio , De Siena Elisa , Amore Filippo , Rizzo Stanislao , Falsini Benedetto 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: It has been previously demonstrated that the adaptive phase changes of steady-state pattern electroretinogram (SS-PERG), recorded during 4-minute presentation of patterned stimuli, are reduced in glaucoma suspects and patients compared to normal subjects. Our study aims at testing the hypothesis that adaptive changes of SS-PERG, recorded using the novel optimized Next Generation PERG (PERGx) protocol, differ between glaucoma patients and controls.Methods: In this pilot cross-sectional study, we included 28 glaucoma patients and 17 age-matched normal subjects. Both patients and controls underwent a full ophthalmologic examination, visual field testing, OCT and PERGx. The PERGx signal was sampled over 2 minutes (providing 1 noise and 9 signal packets) in response to alternating gratings generated on an OLED display. PERGx amplitude and phase were analyzed to quantify adaptive changes over recording time. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to study the diagnostic accuracy of PERGx parameters in distinguishing glaucoma patients from normal subjects.Results: PERGx amplitude and phase data showed declining trends in both groups. PERGx amplitude slope and grand-average vector amplitude were significantly lower in patients compared to controls (p < 0.01). The area under the ROC curves of PERGx amplitude slope and grand-average vector amplitude were 0.87 and 0.76, respectively.Conclusion: The PERGx paradigm resulted highly accurate in detecting the reduction of amplitude adaptive changes in glaucoma patients, presumably due to the loss of functional RGC autoregulation. Thus, PERG adaptation, recorded by this new protocol, might be helpful in the identification and diagnosis of early glaucomatous dysfunction.
A Single-cell Interactome of Human Tooth Germ Elucidates Signaling Networks Regulating Dental Development
Authors: Shi Yueqi , Yu Yejia , Zhang Wenjie , Zou Duohong , Wang Jiajia , Zhou Yuqiong , Li Mengyu , Son Geehun , Song Weichen , Wang Shaoyi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Development of dental tissue is regulated by extensive cell crosstalk based on various signaling molecules, such as BMP, FGF and SHH pathways. However, an intact network of the intercellular regulation is still lacking.Result: To gain an unbiased and comprehensive view of this dental cell interactome, we applied single-cell RNA-seq on immature human tooth germ of the third molar, discovered refined cell subtypes, and applied multiple network analysis to identify the central signaling pathways. We found that immune cells made up over 80% of all tooth germ cells, which exhibited profound regulation on dental cells via TGF-β, TNF and IL-1. During osteoblast differentiation, expression of genes related to extracellular matrix and mineralization was continuously elevated by signals from BMP and FGF family. As for the self-renewal of apical papilla stem cell, BMP-FGFR1-MSX1 pathway directly regulated the G0-to-S cell cycle transition. We also confirmed that CSF1 secreted from pericyte and TNFSF11 secreted from osteoblast regulated a large proportion of genes related to osteoclast transformation from macrophage and monocyte. Conclusion: We constructed the intercellular signaling networks that regulated the essential developmental process of human tooth, which served as a foundation for future dental regeneration engineering and the understanding of oral pathology.
External Urethral Orifice Metastasis of Cervical Cancer Treated With Intraluminal Urethral Brachytherapy Using a Lumencath Applicator: the First Case Report
Authors: Takagawa Yoshiaki , Izumi Sachiko , Okano Tomoyuki , Takahashi Eiichi , Wakamatsu Yuki , Takahara Megumi , Okada Haruka , Kita Midori 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: This is the first case report of external urethral orifice metastasis in primary cervical cancer.Case presentation: The patient was histologically diagnosed with cervical squamous cell carcinoma, which involved not only the lower third of the vagina but also isolated metastasis of the external urethral orifice. We performed definitive chemoradiotherapy with weekly cisplatin and external beam radiation therapy followed by brachytherapy (BT). Considering tumor involvement, we used the Tandem, Cylinder, and Lumencath applicators to treat not only the cervix and vagina but also the entire urethra in BT sessions. The prescribed BT dose was 24 Gy in four fractions. The average clinical target volume (CTV) D90 of the cervix, vagina, and urethra in BT sessions were 7.3, 6.0, and 5.6 Gy, respectively. The average CTVs of the urethra in D0.1 cc and D1 cc were 18.1 Gy and 9.0 Gy, respectively. No grade ≥3 acute and late toxicities were observed during the 9-month follow-up. We achieved excellent local control for both primary tumor and external urethral orifice metastasis of cervical cancer.Conclusion: This rare case report suggested that gynecologists and radiation oncologists should keep in mind to examine not only the cervix and vagina but also the external urethral orifice for patients with primary cervical cancer. Intraluminal urethral BT using the Lumencath applicator is a good treatment option for cervical cancer with urethral involvement.
AMPK-SIRT1 Pathway Modulates The Apoptosis, Proliferation and Migration of AR42J Cells By Regulating p53 and NF-κB
Authors: Yu Wei-Li , Wang Xiao-Die , Wang Fu-Gui , Lu Zhong-Hua , Sun Yun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute abdomen caused by abnormal activation of trypsin. AMPK-SIRT1 pathway has been reported to be related to various diseases, but the function in AP remains unclear. This study is designed to investigate the mechanism and effect of AMPK-SIRT1 pathway in AP.Methods: An experimental AP model of AR42J cells was stimulated with caerulein after pretreated with compound C or metformin. The mRNA and protein expressions of genes were analyzed by qRT-PCR and western blot. Cell apoptosis, proliferation and migration were measured using flow cytometry, MTT and transwell assay. Results: After pretreated with metformin, expressions of p-AMPKα, SIRT1 were elevated, ace-p53, ace-NF-κB were attenuated, cell apoptosis, proliferation, and migration were decreased. After pretreated with compound C, the reverse effects occurred. p-AMPKα and SIRT1 expressions were decreased, ace-p53 and ace-NF-κB were rasied, and cell apoptosis, proliferation, and migration were enhanced after caerulein induced in each group. Conclusion: When AP happened, expressions of p-AMPKα and SIRT1 were reduced, resulting in up-regulation of acetylation levels of p53 and NF-κB, acceleration of cell apoptosis, proliferation and migration. It hinted that AMPK-SIRT1 pathway could modulate the apoptosis, proliferation, migration and inflammation reaction of AR42J cells by regulating p53 and NF-κB.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Putative Novel Ilarvirus Isolated From Eleocharis Dulcis
Authors: Lv Lanqing , Wu Xinyang , Weng Jiajia , Lai Yuchao , Han Kelei , Lu Yuwen , Peng Jiejun , Lin Lin , Rao Shaofei , Wu Guanwei , Chen Jianping , Zheng Hongying , Jiang Wen , Yan Fei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The complete genomic sequence of a novel ilarvirus from Eleocharis dulcis, tentatively named water chestnut virus A (WCVA), was determined using next generation sequencing (NGS) combined with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) PCR. The three genomic RNA components of WCVA were 3578 (RNA1), 2873 (RNA2) and 2073 (RNA3) nucleotides long, with four predicted open reading frames containing conserved domains and motifs typical of ilarviruses. Phylogenetic analyses of each predicted protein consistently placed WCVA in subgroup 4 of the genus Ilarvirus, together with prune dwarf virus, viola white distortion associated virus, fragaria chiloensis latent virus and potato yellowing virus. The genetic distances and lack of serological reaction to antisera of other ilarviruses suggest that WCVA is a novel member of the genus.
Comparison of Autorefraction, Cyclorefraction, and Subjective Manifest Refraction in Keratoconic Eyes
Authors: Zareei Athar , Alamolhoda Marziyeh , Abdolahian Milad , Khatami Kiana , Bamdad Shahram 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the agreement of astigmatism between an autorefractor (Topcon), cycloplegic refraction, subjective manifest refraction, front and back corneal astigmatism. Moreover, this study aimed to investigate which factors influence the difference between cycloplegic refraction and subjective manifest refraction in these keratonic eyes.Methods: subjective manifest refraction, Autorefractmeter were measured in 64 keratonic eyes of 43 patients (21-45 years old) before and after using cycloplegic drop. We measured Corneal values by using Scheimpflug tomography. Astigmatic power was converted to vectors. The agreement of astigmatism between an autorefractor (Topcon), cycloplegic refraction, subjective manifest refraction, front and back corneal astigmatism was measured overall and in each vector. The difference between Cycloplegic refraction and subjective manifest refraction was calculated in each vector axis. Factors were anticipated associated with discrepancy by using Multivariable Regression Analysis.Results: The maximum estimations of agreement were found berween autorefratometer and subjective manifest refraction in cylindrical power(Icc:0.703,P<0.026), cylindrical axis(Icc:0.943,P<0.0001) and astigmatic vestors of J0 (Icc:0.972,P<0.0001) and J45( Icc:827,P=0.006). The significant factors Associated With discrepancy between cyclorefraction and subjective manifest refraction in both vectors(J0 and J45) were Q-value(B Coefficient= -4.91, P<0.0001) (B Coefficient=1.01, P<0.0001), corneal astigmatism(B Coefficient= 0.66, P=0.001) (B Coefficient=0.11, P=0.001), Kmax(B Coefficient= -0.52, P<0.0001) (B Coefficient=0.07, P=0.02), IHA(B Coefficient=0.04, P=0.005) (B Coefficient= -0.03, P<0.0001). The significant associated factors for axis changes between cycloplegic refraction and subjective manifest refraction were cone location (B Coefficient= -33.34, P=0.001) and corneal astigmatism(B Coefficient= -0.1, P=0.04).Conclusion: Maximum agreement of subjective manifest refraction astigmatism is with auto refractometer in keratoconus patients, so it could be said that the result of the auto refractometer is the most appropriate starting point during subjective refraction in these patients. It can be predicted that the closer the keratoconus cone location relative to the center of the cornea and the lower the keratoconus patient's corneal astigmatism, the more the probability of axis changes by cycloplegic drop.
Involvement of IGF-1R-PI3K-AKT-mTOR Pathway in Increased Number of GnRH3 Neurons During Androgen-induced Sex Reversal of the Brain in Female Tilapia
Authors: Oda Akari , Inoue Sakura , Kaneko Ryo , Narita Yasuto , Shiono Suzuka , Kaneko Toyoji , Tseng Yung-Che , Ohtani-Kaneko Ritsuko 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The neuroplastic mechanism of sex reversal in the fish brain remains unclear due to the difficulty in identifying the key neurons involved. Mozambique tilapia show different reproductive behaviours between sexes; males build circular breeding nests while females hold and brood fertilized eggs in their mouth. In tilapia, gonadotropin-releasing hormone 3 (GnRH3) neurons, located in the terminal nerve, regulate male reproductive behaviour. Mature males have more GnRH3 neurons than mature females, and these neurons have been indicated to play a key role in the androgen-induced female-to-male sex reversal of the brain. We aimed to elucidate the signalling pathway involved in the androgen-induced increase in GnRH3 neurons in mature female tilapia. Applying inhibitors to organotypic cultures of brain slices, we showed that the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 receptor (IGF-1R)/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway contributed to the androgen-induced increase in GnRH3 neurons. The involvement of IGF-1 and IGF-1R in 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT)-induced development of GnRH3 neurons was supported by an increase in Igf-1 mRNA shortly after 11-KT treatment, the increase of GnRH3 neurons after IGF-1 treatment and the expression of IGF-1 in GnRH3 neurons. Our findings highlight the involvement of IGF-1 and its downstream signalling pathway in the sex reversal of the tilapia brain.
Barriers to Accessing Internet-based Home Care for Older Patients: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Zhao Baosheng , Zhang Xiaoman , Huang Rendong , Yi Mo , Dong Xiaofei , Li Zhenxiang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background Due to the increasingly ageing society and the shortage of nursing human resources in China, the imbalance between the home care needs of elderly patients and the inadequate supply of nursing services is increasing. Based on this medical situation, China is implementing internet-based home care (with the nurses who provide this care called online nurses or sharing nurses) based on the concept of the sharing economy, internet technology and knowledge from the home care experience in other countries. Internet-based home care follows an online application/offline service model. Patients place orders through an app, nurses grab orders instantly, and managers dispatch orders through a web platform based on various factors such as nurses' qualifications, professionalism and distance from the patient. In this way, home care is provided for people with limited mobility, such as elderly or disabled people, patients in rehabilitation and terminal patients. Only by fully understanding the barriers to accessing internet-based home care can we provide quality nursing services to elderly patients and achieve the sustainable development of internet-based home care.Objective The goal of this study was to use qualitative methods to explore barriers to accessing internet-based home care for older patients.Methods Based on Levesque’s access to health care framework, semi-structured personal interviews were conducted with 19 elderly patients in a descriptive qualitative study using directed content analysis.Results We identified four barriers to accessing internet-based home care for older patients: barriers to perceiving, seeking, paying for, and engaging in internet-based home care. Specific barriers included traditional perceptions, barriers to internet use, high payment costs, uneven quality of services, and concerns about privacy and patient safety.Conclusions Internet-based home care has maximized nursing human resources and effectively met the demand for home care, but it has also introduced new risks and challenges. To make internet-based home care universally available to elderly patients, it is necessary to strengthen publicity, optimize the network application process, improve the health insurance system, formulate unified nursing service standards, and address safety risks.