bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BM UMa: A middle shallow contact binary at pre-transition stage of evolution from W-type to A-type
Authors: Sarotsakulchai Thawicharat , Soonthornthum Boonrucksar , Poshyachinda Saran , Buisset Christophe , Lépine Thierry , Prasit Apirat 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this study, all unpublished time series photometric data of BM UMa (q ∼ 2.0, P = 0.2712 d) from available archives were re-investigated together with new data taken from the 2.4-m Thai National Telescope of the Thai National Observatory. Based on period analysis, there is a short-term variation superimposed on the long-term period decrease. The trend of period change can be fitted with a downward parabolic curve indicating a period decrease at a rate of dP/dt = −3.36(±0.02) × 10−8 d yr−1. This long-term period decrease can be explained by mass transfer from the more massive component (M2 ∼ 0.79M⊙) to the less-massive one (M1 ∼ 0.39M⊙), in combination with angular momentum loss. For photometric study, we found that the binary consists of K0 V stars and at the intermediate shallow of contact configuration with evolution of fill-out factor from 8.8% (in 2007) to 23.2% (in 2020). Those results suggest that the binary is at the pre-transition stage of evolution from W-type to A-type, agreeing with the results of statistical study of W-type contact binaries. The mass of M2 will be decreased close to or below M1 and the mass ratio will be decreased (q &lt; 1.0). In this way, the binary will evolve into an A-type as a deeper normal over-contact system with period increase. Finally, the binary will become a merger or a rapid-rotating single star when the mass ratio meets the critical value (q &lt; 0.094), and produce a red nova.
The versatility of plant organic acid metabolism in leaves is underpinned by mitochondrial malate–citrate exchange
Authors: Lee Chun Pong , Elsässer Marlene , Fuchs Philippe , Fenske Ricarda , Schwarzländer Markus , Millar A Harvey 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMalate and citrate underpin the characteristic flexibility of central plant metabolism by linking mitochondrial respiratory metabolism with cytosolic biosynthetic pathways. However, the identity of mitochondrial carrier proteins that influence both processes has remained elusive. Here we show by a systems approach that DICARBOXYLATE CARRIER 2 (DIC2) facilitates mitochondrial malate–citrate exchange in vivo in Arabidopsis thaliana. DIC2 knockout (dic2-1) retards growth of vegetative tissues. In vitro and in organello analyses demonstrate that DIC2 preferentially imports malate against citrate export, which is consistent with altered malate and citrate utilization in response to prolonged darkness of dic2-1 plants or a sudden shift to darkness of dic2-1 leaves. Furthermore, isotopic glucose tracing reveals a reduced flux towards citrate in dic2-1, which results in a metabolic diversion towards amino acid synthesis. These observations reveal the physiological function of DIC2 in mediating the flow of malate and citrate between the mitochondrial matrix and other cell compartments.
Untangling Public Values: Incorporating Regime Values to Advance Research and Practice
Authors: Wiersma Strauss Anna 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe concept of “public values” is receiving increasing attention in the field of public administration. Much of the focus has been on the micro-level implications of public values for the behavior of bureaucrats and public institutions. This article argues that the public values approach could benefit from more systematic and detailed consideration of the macro-level implications of public values, that is, the nature of the public sector’s expected and legitimated contribution to society. Building on the work of John Rohr and Peter Overeem, it highlights how the concept of “prescriptive regime values” already provides a relevant foundation for this purpose and could help to untangle and better structure the plethora of public values currently found in the literature. To build and support this argument, the article reviews the public values literature, seeking to answer the following questions. First, what constitutes the public values perspective in public administration? Second, what are more “macro” public values? Where can they be found and how can they be characterized? Finally, what do “macro” public values do? To conclude, implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed, including a future research agenda that specifically incorporates prescriptive regime values as “macro” public values.
Leadership Behavior Repertoire: An Exploratory Study of the Concept and Its Potential for Understanding Leadership in Public Organizations
Authors: van der Hoek Marieke , Groeneveld Sandra , Beerkens Maarja 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRapidly accumulating literature on public leadership tends to zoom in on specific aspects of leaders’ behavior. Such a fragmented approach may overlook the most challenging aspect of effective leadership: combining diverse behaviors in relation to various stakeholders to match contextual needs. This article therefore argues for a comprehensive approach that recognizes the behavioral complexity of most contemporary leaders, particularly in ambiguous contexts. The concept of leadership behavior repertoire facilitates this. The article conceptualizes the perspective of the leadership behavior repertoire and illustrates in which ways leaders combine behavioral options from their repertoire using data from in-depth interviews with public leaders. Based on our findings, we propose integration of this perspective into the field’s research agenda to make our understanding of leadership in public organizations more complete. Moreover, the repertoire perspective can challenge and advance theorizing of leadership in relation to its context and outcomes in a more comprehensive way.
Identifying and Addressing Social Determinants of Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Felter Cara E , Cicone Jonathan , Mathis Lindsey , Smith Deanna L 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the health of people from communities of color and people of limited socioeconomic means in a disproportionate way due to social determinants of health (SDoH). The Centers for Disease Control defines SDoH as the “conditions in the places where people live, learn, work, and play that affect a wide range of health and quality-of life-risks and outcomes.” A related construct, social determinants of learning (SDoL), includes contextual conditions and variables that impact students’ ability to optimally participate in their education, including academic and clinical development. SDoL directly impact students’ ability to participate in the educational process. During the COVID-19 pandemic, students struggling with SDoH and, by extension SDoL, may be more likely to have sick family members, caregiving responsibilities, food and housing insecurity, and obligations to supplement lost family wages. SDoL are also influenced by individual experiences within and outside of the classroom. Beyond bringing this matter to the attention of our profession, especially clinical and academic educators, we must take action to reach and support students who are at higher academic risk due to the SDoL. The purpose of this paper is to (1) define SDoL, (2) explain how SDoL are impacting doctor of physical therapy and physical therapist assistant students, and (3) discuss actions that physical therapists and physical therapist assistants can take to mitigate the effects of SDoL on current doctor of physical therapy and physical therapist assistant students.

Impact
This Perspective is one of the first explorations of how SDoL affect physical therapy students during the pandemic and provides concrete suggestions on how educators in both academic and clinical settings can help students succeed when they are negatively affected by SDoL.
Awareness of alcohol marketing one year after initial implementation of Ireland’s Public Health (Alcohol) Act and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Critchlow Nathan , Moodie Crawford 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
The Republic of Ireland is introducing new controls on alcohol marketing, starting in November 2019 with restrictions on some outdoor and cinema advertising, and a ban on public transport advertising. We examined changes in marketing awareness one year after initial implementation and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Repeat online cross-sectional surveys with adults in Ireland conducted October 2019 (n = 1,007) and October 2020 (n = 1,020). Participants self-reported past-month awareness of alcohol marketing and completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Concise (AUDIT-C). Current drinkers were categorised as those reporting heavy episodic drinking at least monthly and higher-risk drinkers (≥5 AUDIT-C).

Results
In both waves, most participants recalled some marketing awareness (94.1% vs. 93.8%). For 9/13 activities measured in both waves, there were decreases in the proportion reporting any awareness and frequency of awareness, including for the newly restricted activities. For example, any awareness of public transport advertising decreased between waves (ORAdj = 0.66, 95%CI: 0.53–0.81). In both waves, higher past-month awareness was associated with at least monthly heavy episodic drinking and higher-risk consumption.

Conclusion
We recommend a precautionary interpretation. It is plausible that both Ireland’s initial controls and COVID-19 restrictions contributed to decreases in awareness, but longer-term evaluation is required to determine relative contribution.
Algebras associated with invariant means on the subnormal subgroups of an amenable group
Authors: White Jared T 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Let G be an amenable group. We define and study an algebra ${\mathcal{A}}_{sn}(G)$, which is related to invariant means on the subnormal subgroups of G. For a just infinite amenable group G, we show that ${\mathcal{A}}_{sn}(G)$ is nilpotent if and only if G is not a branch group, and in the case that it is nilpotent we determine the index of nilpotence. We next study $\textrm{rad}\, \ell^1(G)^{**}$ for an amenable branch group G and show that it always contains nilpotent left ideals of arbitrarily large index, as well as non-nilpotent elements. This provides infinitely many finitely generated counterexamples to a question of Dales and Lau [4], first resolved by the author in [10], which asks whether we always have $(\textrm{rad}\, \ell^1(G)^{**})^{\Box 2} = \{0 \}$. We further study this question by showing that $(\textrm{rad}\, \ell^1(G)^{**})^{\Box 2} = \{0 \}$ imposes certain structural constraints on the group G.
Who Chooses Commitment? Evidence and Welfare Implications
Authors: Carrera Mariana , Royer Heather , Stehr Mark , Sydnor Justin , Taubinsky Dmitry 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This article investigates whether offers of commitment contracts, in the form of self-imposed choice-set restrictions and penalties with no financial upside, are well-targeted tools for addressing self-control problems. In an experiment on gym attendance (N$=1{,}248$), we examine take-up of commitment contracts and also introduce a separate elicitation task to identify actual and perceived time inconsistency. There is high take-up of commitment contracts for greater gym attendance, resulting in significant increases in exercise. However, this take-up is influenced both by noisy valuation and incorrect beliefs about one’s time inconsistency. Approximately half of the people who take up commitment contracts for higher gym attendance also take up commitment contracts for lower gym attendance. There is little association between commitment contract take-up and reduced-form and structural estimates of actual or perceived time inconsistency. A novel information treatment providing an exogenous shock to awareness of time inconsistency reduces demand for commitment contracts. Structural estimates of a model of quasi-hyperbolic discounting and gym attendance imply that offering our commitment contracts lowers consumer surplus and is less socially efficient than utilizing linear exercise subsidies that achieve the same average change in behaviour.
The Momentum Gap and Return Predictability
Authors: Huang Simon 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe formation period return difference between past winners and losers, which I call the momentum gap, negatively predicts momentum profits. I document this for the U.S. stock market and find consistent results across 21 major international markets. A one-standard-deviation increase in the momentum gap predicts a 1.25$\%$ decrease in the monthly momentum return after controlling for existing predictors. This predictability extends up to 5 years for static momentum portfolios, consistent with time-varying investor biases. Following the simple real-time strategy of investing in momentum only when the momentum gap is below the 80th percentile delivers a Sharpe ratio of 0.78.
Incidence of chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases after diagnosis with Kawasaki disease: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Fung Stephen G , Webster Richard , Kuenzig M Ellen , Knight Braden D , Batthish Michelle , Robinson Cal , Chanchlani Rahul , Benchimol Eric I , Jimenez-Rivera Carolina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectivesKawasaki disease (KD) is an immune-mediated vasculitis of childhood with multi-organ inflammation. We determined the risk of subsequent immune-mediated inflammatory disease (IMID), including arthritis, type 1 diabetes, IBD, autoimmune liver disease, primary sclerosing cholangitis and multiple sclerosis.MethodsWe conducted a matched population-based cohort study using health administrative data from Ontario, Canada. Children aged &lt;18 years born between 1991 and 2016 diagnosed with KD (n = 3753) were matched to 5 non-KD controls from the general population (n = 18 749). We determined the incidence of IMIDs after resolution of KD. Three- and 12-month washout periods were used to exclude KD-related symptoms.ResultsThere was an elevated risk of arthritis in KD patients compared with non-KD controls, starting 3 months after index date [103.0 vs 12.7 per 100 000 person-years (PYs); incidence rate ratio 8.07 (95% CI 4.95, 13.2); hazard ratio 8.08 (95% CI 4.95, 13.2), resulting in the overall incidence of IMIDs being elevated in KD patients (175.1 vs 68.0 per 100 000 PYs; incidence rate ratio 2.58 (95% CI 1.93, 3.43); hazard ratio 2.58, 95% CI 1.94, 3.43]. However, there was no increased risk for diabetes, IBD, autoimmune liver disease, primary sclerosing cholangitis or multiple sclerosis in KD patients. Similar results were observed using a 12-month washout period.ConclusionChildren diagnosed with KD were at increased risk of arthritis following the acute KD event, but not other IMIDs. Health-care providers should monitor for arthritis in children following a diagnosis of KD.
Nailfold capillaries and myositis-specific antibodies in anti–melanoma differentiation–associated gene 5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis
Authors: Sugimoto Tomohiro , Mokuda Sho , Kohno Hiroki , Ishitoku Michinori , Araki Kei , Watanabe Hirofumi , Tokunaga Tadahiro , Yoshida Yusuke , Hirata Shintaro , Sugiyama Eiji 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to quantify nailfold capillary (NFC) abnormalities in anti–melanoma differentiation–associated gene 5 (MDA5) -positive DM patients and to evaluate the association with clinical parameters, including serum biomarkers. In addition, we aimed to clarify the period leading to remission of NFC abnormalities during immunosuppressive treatment in patients with DM.

Methods
A prospective observational study was conducted including patients (n = 10) who first visited Hiroshima University Hospital and were diagnosed with DM or clinically amyopathic DM with anti-MDA5 antibodies. We compared the NFC abnormalities detected by nailfold-video capillaroscopy (NVC), physical findings, blood tests, respiratory function tests, and vascular-related growth factors measured using a LEGENDplexTM Multi-Analyte Flow Assay Kit.

Results
NFC abnormalities improved in all patients from 2 to 17 weeks after the initiation of immunosuppressive treatment. The NVC scores were inversely correlated with anti-MDA5 antibody titres at baseline. NVC scores and forced vital capacity were positively correlated. Baseline values of M-CSF and stem cell factor were correlated with anti-MDA-5 titres.

Conclusion
Our study suggested that NVC scores and disease activity were inversely correlated before treatment. Vascular-related growth factors, such as M-CSF and stem cell factor, may be associated with the disease mechanism in patients with anti-MDA5 antibody-positive DM.
Bartonella and Coxiella infections presenting as systemic vasculitis: case series and review of literature
Authors: Beydon Maxime , Rodriguez Christophe , Karras Alexandre , Cez Alexandre , Rafat Cédric , Jourde-Chiche Noémie , Fain Olivier , Philipponnet Carole , Puéchal Xavier , Dossier Antoine , Dupin Nicolas , Levy Dan , Aureau Inès , Guillevin Loïc , Terrier Benjamin ,   for the French Vasculitis Study Group (FVSG)
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Coxiella and Bartonella spp. display particular tropism for endothelial or endocardial tissues and an abnormal host response to infections with induced autoimmunity. We aimed, through a case series combined with a comprehensive literature review, to outline characteristics of Coxiella and Bartonella infections presenting as systemic vasculitis.

Methods
We retrospectively included cases of definite Coxiella and Bartonella infections presenting with vasculitis features and performed a comprehensive literature review.

Results
Six cases of Bartonella infections were added to 18 cases from literature review. Causative pathogens were mainly B. henselae. Bartonella infection mimicked ANCA-associated vasculitis in 83% with PR3-ANCA and presented as cryoglobulinaemic vasculitis in 8%. GN was present in 92%, and 88% had endocarditis. Complement fractions were low in 82% and rheumatoid factor positive in 85%. Kidney biopsies showed cell proliferation, mostly crescentic, with pauci-immune GN in 29%. Outcome was favourable, with the use of antibiotics alone in one-third. Five cases of Coxiella infections were added to 16 from literature review. Sixteen had small-vessel vasculitides, mainly cryoglobulinaemia vasculitis in 75%. One patient had polyarteritis nodosa-like vasculitis and four large-vessel vasculitis. Outcome was good except for one death. A highly sensitive next generation sequencing analysis on three Coxiella- and two Bartonella-related vasculitides biopsies did not find any bacterial DNA.

Conclusion
Coxiella and Bartonella are both able to induce vasculitis but display distinct vasculitis features. Bartonella mimics PR3-ANCA-associated vasculitis in the setting of endocarditis, whereas Coxiella may induce vasculitis involving all vessel sizes.
SM03, an anti-human CD22 monoclonal antibody, for active rheumatoid arthritis: a phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Li Jing , Li Mengtao , Wu Di , Zhou Jiaxin , Leung Shui-on , Zhang Fengchun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective
SM03, a novel chimaeric mAb specific to B cell-restricted antigen CD22, has been developed to treat RA and other B-cell-related diseases. This 24-week phase II randomized, double-blind, multi-dose, placebo-controlled study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SM03 in moderately-to-severely active RA patients in China.

Methods
One hundred and fifty-six patients on background MTX were randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive a cumulative dose of 3600 mg (high dose, 600 mg × 6 infusions at weeks 0, 2, 4, 12, 14 and 16) or 2400 mg SM03 (low dose, 600 mg × 4 infusions at weeks 0, 2, 12 and 14) or the placebo. The primary outcome was the 24-week ACR 20% improvement criteria (ACR20) response rate. Safety was also assessed.

Results
The 24-week ACR20 response rate was significantly higher with high- (65.3%, P = 0.002) and low-dose SM03 (56.9%, P = 0.024) than with placebo (34.0%), but comparable between the high- and low-dose group. The rate of adverse events was not statistically different among the high-dose group (35.3%), the low-dose group (51.9%) and the placebo group (34.6%). Thirteen (12.6%) patients receiving SM03 reported treatment-emergent infections, including 3.9% patients in the high-dose group. No patients reported severe treatment-emergent infections or malignancies.

Conclusions
In active RA Chinese patients receiving background MTX, SM03 at a cumulative dose of both 2400 mg and 3600 mg is efficacious and well-tolerated throughout the 24 weeks of treatment. Moreover, SM03 has demonstrated a good safety profile.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, https://clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04192617.
SIMULATION OF NEUTRON RESPONSE FUNCTIONS OF SILICON SENSOR APPLIED TO REAL-TIME PERSONAL ALBEDO NEUTRON DOSEMETER IN THE ENERGY RANGE BETWEEN 0.01 EV AND 10 KEV
Authors: Abe Yohei , Takada Masashi , Nunomiya Tomoya , Aoyama Kei , Nakamura Takashi , Matsumoto Tetsuro , Masuda Akihiko 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Neutron response functions of a silicon sensor, which is applied to a new real-time personal albedo neutron dosemeter, have been simulated for low energy neutrons from 0.01 eV to 10 keV using the Monte Carlo technique. The angular neutron response functions were obtained by multiplying simulated neutron energy spectra crossing the neutron sensor and the cross-section of the 6Li(n,t)4He reaction. The neutron response functions have been closed to the dose conversion coefficient of personal doses, Hp(10) recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection by selecting neutrons incident from angles of 105° to 180° with respect to an axis perpendicular to an acrylic phantom surface. From these simulation results, the neutron energy response function has been improved by shielding the sensor with cadmium box without a face toward the phantom. The neutron sensor provides a good conformance to the Hp(10) conversion coefficients within 15% for low energy neutrons.
OPTIMIZATION OF LUNG CT PROTOCOL FOR THE DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION OF COVID-19 LUNG DISEASE
Authors: Hosseini Nasab Seyed Mohammad Bagher , Deevband Mohammad Reza , Rahimi Roghaye , Nasiri Saeed , Ahangaran Mohammad Reza , Morshedi Mina 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study intends to evaluate the different lung CT scan protocols used for the diagnostic evaluation of COVID-19-induced lung disease in Iranian imaging centers in terms of radiation dose and image quality. After data collecting, subjective image quality, radiation dose and objective image quality such as noise, SNR and CNR were assessed.
Statistically significant differences in effective dose and image quality were evident among different lung CT protocols. Lowest and highest effective dose was1.31 ± 0.53 mSv related to a protocol with activated AEC (reference mAs = 20) and 6.15 ± 0.57 mSv related to a protocol with Fixed mAs (mAs = 100), respectively.
A protocol with enabled tube current modulation with 70 mAs as a reference mAs, and protocol with 20 mAs and enabled AEC had the best and lowest image quality, respectively. To optimize the scan parameters, AEC must be used, and a range of tube currents (between 20 and 50 mAs) can produce acceptable images in terms of diagnostic quality and radiation dose for the diagnosis of COVID-19-induced lung disease.