bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dentate nucleus signal intensity changes on T1-weighted MRI after repeated administrations of linear and macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agents: a pediatric intraindividual case-control study
Authors: Ozturk Kerem , Nascene David 
Published: May 2021

Background An association between consecutive administrations of macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agent (mcGBCA) gadobutrol and linear (L)-GBCA gadopentetate dimeglumine and gadolinium retention in the pediatric brain remains incompletely understood. Purpose To compare signal intensity (SI) changes in the dentate nucleus (DN) on unenhanced T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) in children who obtained mcGBCA gadobutrol with those who had previously received L-GBCA gadopentetate dimeglumine. Material and Methods This retrospective study included 27 children who received L-GBCA gadopentetate dimeglumine followed by mcGBCA gadobutrol and two different control groups matched for age and sex for both periods, each involving 27 individuals with no GBCA administration from January 2010 to January 2020. DN-to-middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) SI ratios on T1WI were determined. A repeated-measures ANOVA was performed to compare the T1WI SI ratio between children exposed to GBCA in each of the two periods and controls. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to determine any correlation between SI ratios and confounding parameters. Results T1WI SI ratio was significantly higher in those who had only L-GBCA (1.005±0.087) or subsequent mcGBCA gadobutrol (1.002±0.104) than in control groups 1 (0.927±0.041; P<0.001) and 2 (0.930±0.041; P=0.002), respectively, but no significant difference of the T1WI SI ratio was noted between L-GBCA period and subsequent mcGBCA gadobutrol period ( P=0.917). T1WI SI ratios and the L-GBCA administration number revealed a modest but significant correlation (correlation coefficient=0.034; P=0.016). Conclusion Previous administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine is associated with increased T1WI SI in the DN, while subsequent administration of gadobutrol does not demonstrate any additional SI increase in the pediatric brain.
Agrin expression is correlated with tumor development and poor prognosis in cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: He Meimei , Cheng Chen , Tu Junxue , Ji Sha-Sha , Lou Dan , Bai Binglong 
Published: May 2021

Objective This study examined the role of agrin in the development of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Methods Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of target genes. The correlation between agrin expression and prognosis was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenesis were examined in CCA cells and tissues using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, cell cycle analysis, transwell migration assay, and nude mouse tumorigenicity assay in vivo, respectively. Results Agrin expression was significantly upregulated in CCA tissues compared with that in adjacent non-tumor tissues, and agrin expression was correlated with poorer tumor characteristics such as portal vein tumor thrombus, intrahepatic metastasis, and worse survival. Forced agrin expression in CCA cells apparently promoted proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle progression, but agrin depletion had the opposite effects. Furthermore, agrin-depleted CCA cells developed fewer and smaller tumors than control cells in vivo. Mechanistic analyses indicated that agrin activated the Hippo signaling pathway and induced the translocation of YAP to the nucleus. Conclusions Agrin promoted CCA progression by activating the Hippo signaling pathway, suggesting its promise as a target for CCA therapy.
An Environmental Scan of Indigenous Cultural Safety in Canadian Baccalaureate Nursing and Midwifery Programs
Authors: Metheny Nicholas , Dion Fletcher Claire 
Published: May 2021

Background The Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) TRC has called to increase the number of Indigenous practitioners and include cultural competency education in their curricula. However, it remains unknown how nursing and midwifery programs are progressing towards these goals. Purpose To examine the extent to which baccalaureate nursing and midwifery programs are creating culturally safe spaces for Indigenous students, responding to TRC-recommended curricular changes, and including Indigenous content. Methods A digital environmental scan of accredited baccalaureate nursing and midwifery programs in Canada was conducted. Analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics. Results Of the 107 programs, less than one-fifth (n = 19, 17.8%) met all three cultural safety criteria. More than half (n = 59, 55.1%) included culturally safe spaces for Indigenous students, 20 (18.7%) satisfied TRC call #24 to require Indigenous-relevant coursework, and one-third (n = 36, 33.6%) were seen as infusing their curricula with Indigenous-related content. Conclusions This represents the first attempt to systematically catalog nursing and midwifery programs’ response to the TRC Calls to Action. Most schools have not made substantial progress towards cultural safety. Nursing and midwifery programs should commit to expanding their cultural safety programming to incorporate multiple ways of knowing and being in their curricula.
Student Pharmacists Self-Perceived Confidence in Communication Skills With Healthcare Practitioners Before and After a Seminar Course
Authors: Barefield Kimberly L. , Champion Caroline , Yang Lucy , Rollins Brent 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Competent pharmacy practice requires the ability to critically evaluate the medical literature and communicate pharmacotherapy information and recommendations to healthcare practitioners. Given the limited research on how these skills are taught, a seminar course in the third year of the pharmacy curriculum was designed to strengthen these skills and abilities. Methods: This was a prospective, pre- and post-cohort survey design. Students were informed of the study’s intent with participation being voluntary and not affecting their course grade. Students received the same survey at the beginning and end of the semester. The 20-question survey assessed self-perceived confidence in the domains of communication and literature evaluation using a 5-point, Likert-type Strongly Disagree-Strongly Agree Scale. Demographic information and students’ previous pharmacy work and internship experience were collected as a part of the survey. Descriptive statistics and Student’s t-test were used to assess the research question and comparisons of student demographics. Results: Sixty-eight of a possible 91 students (75% response rate) completed both the pre- and post-survey. There was no statistically significant differences between any of the measured demographics. Overall, students slightly agreed they were confident in their communication and literature evaluation skills in the pre-course evaluation, with communicating drug interactions as the least confident area. Post-course, students were significantly more confident in all but 5 of 20 measured areas. Conclusion: The Seminar course resulted in a positive change in students’ perception of confidence to communicate with healthcare professionals and ability to evaluate drug literature.
How Does Hypodontia Compare in Nonsyndromic Pierre Robin Sequence Versus Isolated Cleft Palate and Isolated Cleft Lip?
Authors: Dillon Maria , Seshu Madhavi , Flannigan Norah , Dominguez-Gonzalez Susana 
Published: May 2021

Objective: To assess the prevalence and patterns of hypodontia in nonsyndromic Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) and compare it with hypodontia in nonsyndromic isolated cleft palates and isolated cleft lips. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, United Kingdom. Patients: Patients with nonsyndromic PRS (group 1), isolated cleft palate (group 2), and isolated cleft lip (group 3). Main Outcome Measures: Hypodontia in the permanent dentition assessed from orthopantomographs. Results: A total of 154 patients were included. Group 1 had the highest incidence of hypodontia with 47% having at least one tooth congenitally absent. Groups 2 and 3 had reduced rates of hypodontia with 27% and 19% of the groups missing teeth, respectively; 93% of cases of hypodontia in group 1 involved the absence of at least one second premolar. Of these patients, there was found to be bilateral agenesis of second premolars in 50% of cases. Conclusions: Patients with PRS and cleft palates are more likely to have hypodontia than those with isolated cleft palates or unilateral cleft lips. Patients with PRS have more severe hypodontia than those with isolated cleft palates or unilateral cleft lips. Bilateral agenesis of lower second premolars is a commonly seen pattern among patients with PRS. In this large UK study, a similar prevalence and pattern of hypodontia to other nonsyndromic PRS populations worldwide has been demonstrated.
The Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) During Early Recovery After Ankle Fracture
Authors: Larsen Peter , Al-Bayati Mohammed , Elsøe Rasmus 
Published: May 2021

Background: Several patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are available for assessing the outcomes following ankle fractures. This study aimed to evaluate validity, reliability, and responsiveness and detect the minimal clinically important difference of the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) in patients with ankle fractures. Methods: The study design is a prospective cohort study, including all patients treated both conservatively and surgically following an ankle fracture (AO-43A/B/C). Content validity, test-retest reliability, responsiveness, and minimal clinically important difference were evaluated from 14 days to 3 months following the fracture. Results: The study population consisted of 52 females and 24 males. The mean age was 52.0 years (range, 15-75 years). The percentage of patients at 12 weeks reporting the 5 subscales at least somewhat relevant were pain, 77%; symptoms, 75%; activities of daily living (ADL), 64%; sport, 81%; and quality of life (QOL), 88%. High test-retest reliability of the FAOS questionnaire was observed. The interclass coefficients were 0.78, 0.77, 0.71, 0.73, and 0.74 for the pain, symptoms, ADL, sport, and QOL subscales, respectively. Responsiveness was evaluated with high effect size for the symptoms (0.83), ADL (1.19), sport (4.36), and QOL (2.12) subscales. The minimal clinically important difference of the FAOS was 14 (95% CI, 12-17). Conclusion: The FAOS during early recovery after ankle fracture has high reliability and validity. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective cohort study
Changes in the Syndesmotic Reduction After Syndesmotic Suture-Button Fixation for Ankle Malleolar Fractures: 1-Year Longitudinal Evaluations Using Computed Tomography
Authors: Kimura Seiji , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Ono Yoshimasa , Watanabe Shotaro , Akagi Ryuichiro , Sasho Takahisa , Ohtori Seiji 
Published: May 2021

Background: Evaluation over time is important in assessing the reduction of the syndesmosis after suture-button fixation for ankle malleolar fractures. The purposes of this study were to evaluate time-dependent change in the syndesmotic reduction immediately after suture-button fixation for ankle malleolus fractures and 1 year after surgery using computed tomography, and to investigate the reliability of the measurement values to evaluate the reduction of syndesmosis. Methods: We assessed 28 patients who underwent suture-button fixation for ankle fractures. Syndesmotic reduction was assessed within 2 weeks of the fracture surgery and 1 year after surgery using axial computer tomographic images. Side-to-side differences in the anterior, central, and posterior tibiofibular distances, anteroposterior fibular translation, fibular rotation, and syndesmosis area were measured. Results: The mean anterior tibiofibular distance and anteroposterior fibular translation were 1.8 mm and 1.5 mm, respectively, after syndesmotic fixation. They decreased to 1.2 mm and 0.6 mm, respectively, at 1 year after surgery ( P = .03 and P = .01, respectively). The other measurement values did not change over time. The minimum detectable change in the distance of measurements was 1 mm or less. Conclusion: The anterior tibiofibular distance and anteroposterior fibular translation had decreased 1 year after fixation in ankle malleolar fractures with syndesmotic suture button. Even if the fibula is posteriorly malreduced by the time computed tomography is performed immediately after surgery, the fibula may return to a good position 1 year after surgery. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
Retroperitoneal fibrosis as a postoperative complication following renal transplantation in cats
Authors: Byer Brittney J , Hardie Robert J , McAnulty Jonathan F 
Published: May 2021

Objectives The aim of this report was to describe the clinical signs, diagnostic imaging findings, surgical management, histopathological findings, outcome and possible risk factors for cats that developed retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) following renal transplantation. Methods Medical records of cats that underwent renal transplantation and developed clinically significant RPF between 1995 and 2019 were reviewed. Results Eighty-one cats underwent 83 renal transplantations. Of these 81 cats, six developed clinically significant RPF. For all six cats, renal transplantation was performed using cold organ preservation solution and ureteral papilla implantation. Immunosuppression protocol included ciclosporin and prednisolone. All cats had at least one subtherapeutic trough ciclosporin level (<250 ng/ml) in the postoperative period. Cats presented with moderate-to-severe azotemia 39–210 days following renal transplantation. Abdominal ultrasonography and contrast pyelography revealed various degrees of hydroureter and hydronephrosis of the transplanted kidney. Surgical examination revealed a layer of dense fibrous tissue surrounding the transplanted kidney, ureter and bladder resulting in ureteral obstruction. Ureteral obstruction was managed by reimplantation of the proximal ureter or renal pelvis to the bladder. Histopathologic examination of the fibrous tissue and affected portion of the distal ureter revealed fibrous connective tissue with lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and perivascular inflammation suggestive of an autoimmune type reaction. Of the six cats, two died within 5 days after revision surgery, two developed signs consistent with recurrent partial ureteral obstruction (40 and 41 days after revision), one was euthanized 6 years later for an unrelated disease and one was lost to follow-up. Conclusions and relevance The incidence of RPF in this population of cats was relatively low (7%), but still represents a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The cause of RPF remains unknown, although investigation into suboptimal immunosuppression as a potential cause for local rejection reaction is warranted.
Long term results of accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking in pediatric keratoconus
Authors: Cinar Yasin , Han Cagla Cilem , Sahin Alparslan , Syed Zeba A 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To evaluate the long term visual, refractive, and corneal tomographic outcomes of epithelium-off accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking (ACXL) in the management of pediatric keratoconus (KC). Methods: This retrospective study included patients under 18 years old with progressive KC who underwent ACXL between 2012 and 2019 at Dicle University Hospital. Complete ophthalmic examination was performed including uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), best spectacle-corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction, and corneal tomography. Evaluations were performed preoperatively and at 6 months intervals postoperatively. Results: Forty-nine eyes of 49 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients at the time of ACXL was 14.2 ± 1.8 (range: 9.5–17.3) years. Mean follow up was 4.61 ± 1.90 (range: 2.0–8.1) years. The mean LogMAR UDVA improved from 0.94 ± 0.41 to 0.81 ± 0.43, 0.69 ± 0.41, and 0.67 ± 0.33 after 1, 3, and 5 years respectively ( p = 0.001). The mean LogMAR CDVA improved from 0.58 ± 0.36 to 0.46 ± 0.31, 0.34 ± 0.23, and 0.39 ± 0.27 after 1, 3, and 5 years respectively ( p = 0.015). The mean refractive cylinder improved significantly from 6.01 ± 2.07 diopters (D) to 5.46 ± 1.87, 5.38 ± 2.18, and 5.02 ± 2.31 D after 1, 3, and 5 years respectively ( p = 0.005). As compared to preoperative values, steep keratometry and maximum keratometry were not significantly different ( p = 0.805 and 0.448, respectively) following ACXL, while flat keratometry significantly improved after ACXL ( p = 0.012). Although central corneal thicknesses decreased significantly ( p = 0.029), the decrease in thinnest corneal thickness was not statistically significant ( p = 0.205). Conclusion: Epithelium-off ACXL seems to be effective for halting KC progression with long term clinical benefits in pediatric patients.
Bilateral idiopathic choroidal hyperpigmentation
Authors: Venkatesh Ramesh , Reddy NikithaGurram , Cherry Jophy Philips , Pereira Arpitha , Yadav Naresh Kumar , Chhablani Jay 
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To report a series of cases showing bilateral circumpapillary hyperpigmentation on routine fundus examination. Methods: In this observational case series, three patients showing bilateral circumpapillary hyperpigmentation on routine fundus examination were included. Multimodal retinal imaging was done for these cases. Results: Multimodal imaging of the lesion showed the hyper pigmentation to be confined to the choroid. The optical coherence tomography scans described the features through the hyperpigmented area, adjacent hypopigmented area and the normally pigmented area of the fundus as suggestive of choroidal hyper melanosis. Follow-up of these lesions over a period of 2–6 years showed no change in the vision or characteristics of the lesion. Conclusion: Bilateral circumpapillary hyperpigmentation needs to be considered as a differential for bilateral peripapillary pigmented lesions.
Lateralization of lexical processing in monolinguals and bilinguals
Authors: Mergen Filiz , Kuruoglu Gulmira 
Published: May 2021

Aims and objectives: This study aims to investigate how lexical processing (LP) is organized in early Turkish–English bilinguals and Turkish monolinguals. Methodology: We used a visual hemifield paradigm where bilingual ( n = 48) and monolingual ( n = 53) participants performed a lexical decision task. Bilingual participants performed the task in both their languages. Data and analysis: We recorded response times (RTs) and the accuracy rates (ARs) of the participants. An analysis of variance and t-test were run to analyze the bilingual and monolingual data, respectively. Findings: The results obtained from the analysis of the RTs and ARs for the Turkish and English words showed a balanced hemispheric organization in LP in bilingual speakers. The RTs for Turkish words in the monolingual group provided supportive evidence for the predominant role of the left hemisphere in LP. However, no significant difference was found in the accuracy of their answers, suggesting that the monolingual participants’ performance was not influenced by visual field of presentation of the words. Finally, the comparison of the two groups revealed that bilingual participants’ performance was inferior to monolinguals’ in speed and accuracy of processing of words presented in both visual fields. This result gives further support for the differential representation of LP in monolinguals and bilinguals. Originality: The psycholinguistic literature abounds with studies of LP in bilinguals and monolinguals from a variety of language backgrounds; however, there is much less data regarding the brain correlates of LP in Turkish–English bilinguals and Turkish monolinguals. Implications: Since Turkish–English bilinguals and Turkish monolinguals are underrepresented in the literature as compared to the population who speak other languages with alphabetic writing, this study provides preliminary data for future studies. Limitations: We did not control for gender or lexical factors such as orthographic neighbors when designing the word sets used as stimuli.
Hub biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of glioblastoma based on microarray technology
Authors: Cui Kai , Chen Jin-hui , Zou Yang-fan , Zhang Shu-yuan , Wu Bing , Jing Kai , Li Li-weng , Xia Liang , Sun Caixing , Dong Ya-lan 
Published: May 2021

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common clinical intracranial malignancy worldwide, and the most common supratentorial tumor in adults. GBM mainly causes damage to the brain tissue, which can be fatal. This research explored potential gene targets for the diagnosis and treatment of GBM using bioinformatic technology. Methods: Public data from patients with GBM and controls were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and Gene Expression Omnibus 2R (GEO2R). Construction of the protein–protein interaction network and the identification of a significant module were performed. Subsequently, hub genes were identified, and their expression was examined and compared by real-time quantitative (RT-q)PCR between patients with GBM and controls. Results: GSE122498 (GPL570 platform), GSE104291 (GPL570 platform), GSE78703_DMSO (GPL15207 platform), and GSE78703_LXR (GPL15207 platform) datasets were obtained from the GEO. A total of 130 DEGs and 10 hub genes were identified by GEPIA and GEO2R between patients with GBM and controls. Of these, strong connections were identified in correlation analysis between CCNB1, CDC6, KIF23, and KIF20A. RT-qPCR showed that all 4 of these genes were expressed at significantly higher levels in patients with GBM compared with controls. Conclusions: The hub genes CCNB1, CDC6, KIF23, and KIF20A are potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of GBM.
Proyecto piloto de promoción de la salud en consumo dual de cannabis y tabaco en universitarios: ÉVICT-Universidad
Authors: Villanueva Víctor J. , Herrera-Gutiérrez Eva , Redondo-Martín Susana , Isorna Manuel , Lozano-Polo Adelaida 
Published: May 2021

Introducción: La universidad es el lugar de formación de los futuros profesionales de los ámbitos educativo, sanitario y social. La implementación de programas de formación, prevención de adicciones y promoción de la salud con universitarios provoca un doble impacto, sobre el propio individuo y, dado su papel mediador, sobre la comunidad universitaria en general. El objetivo del trabajo es, partiendo de un proyecto piloto de investigación-acción, establecer un marco de promoción de la salud en contraposición al consumo dual de cannabis y tabaco en el contexto universitario, involucrando a la comunidad universitaria como agente de cambio. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo de la implementación, cobertura y resultados preliminares del Proyecto piloto ÉVICT-Universidad. Resultados: Entre el 2018 y el 2020 se implementó el Proyecto ÉVICT-Universidad en 11 universidades. Se formó a estudiantes universitarios como mediadores y se realizaron actividades comunitarias de sensibilización e información orientadas a la promoción de la salud y la prevención del uso de cannabis y tabaco, con especial foco en el consumo dual de estas sustancias, alcanzando a un total de 1471 beneficiarios en los tres años de implementación. Conclusiones: La experiencia piloto permite detectar fortalezas, aspectos de mejora y resultados prometedores sobre el nivel de conocimientos, contribuyendo a la adopción de estilos de vida saludables en el ámbito universitario. En especial, se destaca la contribución a la formación como agentes promotores de salud de estudiantes y, por tanto, el empoderamiento en salud desde la propia comunidad universitaria.