bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Efikasi Diri terhadap Perilaku Menyontek Siswa Sekolah Dasar selama Pembelajaran Daring
Authors: Anitasari Anitasari , Pandansari Olivia , Susanti Rika , Kurniawati Kurniawati , Aziz Abdul 
Published: April 2021

Rendahnya efikasi diri pada siswa dapat mendorong terjadinya perilaku tidak terpuji seperti perilaku menyontek. Sedangkan efikasi diri yang tinggi memungkinkan siswa menjadi pribadi yang mampu menyelesaikan semua tugas sekolah dengan usaha dan kemampuan yang dimiliki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh efikasi diri terhadap perilaku menyontek siswa sekolah dasar selama pembelajaran daring. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis ex-post facto. Populasi pada penelitian ini ialah siswa SD Negeri Talkondo Poncosari, Srandakan, Bantul kelas IV, V, dan VI. Penelitian ini melibatkan seluruh populasi dengan jumlah 45 siswa. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan skala efikasi diri dan skala perilaku menyontek. Selanjutnya, data dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi sederhana dengan bantuan SPSS 24.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa efikasi diri berpengaruh negatif terhadap perilaku menyontek siswa. Dalam penelitian ini, efikasi diri memberikan pengaruh sebesar 23,9% terhadap perilaku menyontek siswa, sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, guru dan orang tua perlu melakukan berbagai upaya untuk meminimalisir terjadinya perilaku menyontek, khususnya saat pembelajaran daring seperti saat ini. The Effect of Self-Efficacy towards Cheating Behavior of Elementary School Student during Online LearningLow self-efficacy in students can encourage the occurrence of disgraceful behavior such as cheating behavior. While high self-efficacy enables students to become persons who can complete all of the school assignments with their efforts and abilities that they have. The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of self-efficacy on the cheating behavior of elementary school students during online learning. This research uses a quantitative research approach with a type of ex-post-facto. The population in this research are students of Talkondo Poncosari State Elementary School Srandakan, Bantul in IV, V, and VI grades. This research implicates the entire population with a total of 45 students. Data are collected by using the scale of self-efficacy and the scale of cheating behavior. Furthermore, the data are analyzed by using simple regression analysis with the help of SPSS 24.0. The result of the research shows that self-efficacy has a negative effect on students' cheating behavior. In this research, self-efficacy provides an effect of 23.9% towards students' cheating behavior, while the remainder is affected by other factors. Based on the result of the research, teachers and parents need to make various efforts to minimize the occurrence of cheating behavior, particularly during online learning as of today.
Monitoring the safety of antiretroviral drugs in patients with HIV infection
Authors: Matveev A. V. , Krasheninnikov A. E. , Egorova E. A. , Konyaeva E. I. 
Published: April 2021

The antiretroviral therapy is a lifelong use of a combination of three or more antiretroviral drugs (ARVDs). One of the factors contributing to a significant decrease in patients’ adherence to treatment is the high toxicity of ARVs.The aim of the study is to study the safety of antiretroviral drugs retrospectively and based on spontaneous reports about adverse drug reactions (ADRs) inputted in the ARCADe database.Materials and method. The objects of our research were the 649 spontaneous messages about ARVDs recorded in the regional electronic database (register) of spontaneous messages for period 01 January 2009 — 31 December 2018.Results. Most often, ADR were registered with the use of combined ARVD and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Zidovudine and Efavirenz were the leaders in terms of the incidence of ARV ADR. Among the combined anti-HIV drugs, the most frequently ADR were associated with the use of a Lamivudine and Zidovudine combination.Conclusion. Long-term use of ARVs requires regular monitoring of adverse reactions, which will improve the quality of life of patients with HIV infection and significantly increase their compliance with antiretroviral pharmacotherapy.
Primary HIV drug resistance among newly HIV type-1 diagnosed patients in St. Petersburg
Authors: Ingabire Thierry , Semenov A. V. , Esaulenko E. V. , Zueva E. B. , Schemelev A. N. , Bushmanova A. D. 
Published: April 2021

There is concern that the widespread use of antiretroviral drugs (ARV) to treat human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection may result in the emergence of transmission of drug-resistant virus among persons newly infected with HIV-1. Russia is one of a growing number of countries in the world where drug-resistant HIV is becoming a serious health problem because it has the potential to compromise the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) at the population level.Materials and methods.We performed a genetic analysis of the HIV-1 plasma derived pol gene among the newly diagnosed ART-naïve HIV-1 infected patients during the period from November 2018 to October 2019 in the St. Petersburg Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital named after S.P. Botkin. We used reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by direct sequencing of PCR products to determine the prevalence of primary drug resistance (PDR) conferring mutations. HIV-1 genotypes were determined by phylogenetic analysis.Results.The predominant HIV-1 subtype was A1 (87.2%), followed by B (11.8%) and CRF06_cpx (1%). The overall prevalence of PDR was 11%. Virus with known resistance-conferring mutations to any nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) was found in 8 individuals, to any non NRTIs in 5 subjects, and to any protease inhibitors in 1 case. Multidrug-resistant virus was identified in 2 individuals (2%).Conclusion.The distribution of HIV-1 genotypes in St. Petersburg, Russia is diverse. The emerging prevalence of PDR in ART-naïve patients demonstrates the significance of constant monitoring due to the challenges it presents towards treatment.
The state of intestinal microflora in patients with cirrhosis of the liver of viral etiology and the correction of its treatment
Authors: Akhmedova M. D. , Sultonova G. Yu. , Bektimirov A. M.-T. , Barinova A. N. 
Published: April 2021

The objective: to study the state of intestinal microflora in patients with cirrhosis of the liver of viral etiology and pathogenetic substantiate therapeutic measures taking into account the severity of the disease, the period of therapy.Materials and research methods. This study was conducted on the basis of the clinic RIEMID MH RUz in the department of chronic viral hepatitis. To achieve this goal and solve problems, we examined 35 patients with a diagnosis of CP of viral etiology (all patients were with a delta agent), the average age of the patients was 38±9,7 years. Men 20 (57%), women 15 (43%). Groups of patients were selected by random sampling as they were admitted to the hospital.Results and discussion. Summarizing the data obtained, it should be emphasized that in patients with CP of viral etiology, the progression of the disease is accompanied by the parallel progression of a violation of microbiocenosis. The formation of dysbiosis and aggravation of the degree of dysbiosis is directly dependent on the amount of concomitant pathology. That is, the more concomitant pathology, the higher the likelihood of the formation of intestinal dysbiosis. During a clinical examination, intestinal dysbiosis was found in all 35 (100%) patients.Conclusions. Cirrhosis of the liver is accompanied by functional changes in the colon, which increase as the class of cirrhosis increases. The use of the probiotic Bactrimsubtil normalized the intestinal microflora in patients with LC, helping to reduce the manifestation of a number of clinical symptoms.
PENGEMBANGAN KARIR DAN KOMPETENSI PERWIRA TNI (TENTARA NASIONAL INDONESIA) DALAM MISI PERDAMAIAN PBB: STUDI KASUS INDONESIA
Authors: Murwanto Triadi 
Published: April 2021

The current strategic environment in the world shows that there is a greater potential for intrastate conflict, especially in third world countries. The United Nations as a world body has held a UN Peacekeeping Mission as an instrument to create peace in countries which undergo multidimensional conflict. Indonesia has sent its personnel in the UN Peacekeeping Mission since 1957 through the sending of the 1st Garuda Contingent to the UNEF Mission in Sinai. At present Indonesia has sent a Garuda contingent in various UN Peacekeeping regions in the world. The involvement of TNI personnel in the UN Peacekeeping Mission has continued to increase from year to year. But the increase in the number of TNI personnel involved in the UN Peacekeeping Mission has not been accompanied by an increase in the number of middle / high ranked TNI officers who are able to hold strategic positions at the UN Peacekeeping Mission. This paper aims to convey a view on the career development of TNI Officers in the UN Peacekeeping Mission. This research uses qualitative methods through literature studies and interviews. The findings indicate the need to synchronize the system of career development and education for TNI Officers in the UN Peacekeeping Mission in order to have a competitive advantage in competing to hold some strategic positions in the UN Peacekeeping Mission.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA KATEKIS RELAWAN DENGAN KOMITMEN SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING (STUDI KASUS KOMISI KATEKETIK KEUSKUPAN AGUNG JAKARTA)
Authors: Budiyanto Hendro 
Published: April 2021

This study aims to determine how strong the effect of competency, motivation, commitment on cathecis voluntary performances in Jakarta archbishop dioses integrated either partially or simultaneously. This study was a category of social management research that uses quantitative research methods. The population in this study are all volunteer catechists in the archdiocese parish that covers 8 areas or eight deaneries. The sampling method was done by using cluster sampling and a total sample was 200 respondents. Tehcnic analysis used is path analysis were previously tested with the classical assumtion test. Hypotesis testing using t-test and F test with confidence level of 5%. The result of this study indicate that competency, motivation and commitment significant influence on voluntary cathecis performance either partially or simultaneously, this is partially evidenced by t-test conducted on the four variable mentioned above and shown simultaneously by the F-test was also conducted to the above four variables. But motivation variable wasn’t effect to the performance of voluntary cathecis.
Keuntungan yang di dapat dari mengembangkan usaha dengan system franchise (Studi kasus di Indonesia)
Authors: Suleman Dede 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAbstract: one method to be able to develop a business that has run well with fast time by using a franchise business system where there will be a relationship between the franchisor and the franchisee. The franchisor is obliged to provide support and franchisees with an obligation to pay fees. This gives a beginner franchisor an overview of rights and obligations and understands the potential of developing a business with a franchise system in his business. when the franchise business is running there are several other income that the franchisor will get as the owner. in this case the results of this study are collected through group discussion (Franchise and Licensing) discussions that focus on information about the potential income of the franchisor. The results show that aside from the self-owned business profits there are also other franchisor sources of income that can be fostered from their franchisees; Other income is royalties, franchise fees, advertising costs, material purchases. In the findings of discussion income is the largest percentage of revenue contributors from the purchase of raw materials by the franchisee to the head office or owner of the franchiseKeywords Franchise, Royalty fee, franchise fee, marketing fee, purchase of raw materials AbstrakAbstrak: salah satu metode untuk bisa mengembangkan usaha yang sudah berjalan baik dengan waktu cepat dengan menggunakan sistem bisnis waralaba dimana akan ada hubungan antara franchisor dan franchisee. Franchisor berkewajiban untuk memberikan dukungan dan franchisee dengan kewajiban untuk membayar biaya. Ini memberikan gambaran pemilik waralaba pemula tentang hak dan kewajiban dan memahami potensi mengembangkan bisnis dengan sistem waralaba dalam bisnisnya. ketika usaha waralaba sudah berjalan ada beberapa pendapatan lain yang akan di dapat oleh franchisor sebagai pemilik. dalam hal ini dari hasil penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui diskusi kelompok anggota (Waralaba dan Lisensi Indonesia) yang berfokus pada informasi tentang pendapatan potensial franchisor. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa selain dari keuntungan bisnis milik sendiri ada juga sumber pendapatan franchisor lain yang dapat dipupuk dari franchisee mereka; Penghasilan lainnya adalah royalti, biaya waralaba, biaya iklan, pembelian materi. Dalam temuan diskusi pendapatan adalah persentase terbesar dari kontributor pendapatan dari pembelian bahan baku oleh pemegang waralaba ke kantor pusat atau pemilikfranchiseKata KunciWaralaba, biaya Royalti, biaya waralaba, biaya pemasaran, pembelian bahan baku
Amalgamasi Dan Restrukturisasi Hindu-Buddha Dalam Kekawin Sutasoma
Authors: Dharmana I Wayan Suarsana 
Published: April 2021

Kekawin Sutasoma menceritakan perjalanan Sang Sutasoma yang digubah oleh Rakawi Mpu Tantular pada masa pemerintahan Raja Hayam Wuruk dari Kerajaan Majapahit. Artikel ini mengkaji tentang struktur teks kekawin Sutasoma, sinopsis kekawin Sutasoma, amalgamasi dan restrukturisai Hindu (Siwa) Buddha pada kekawin Sutasoma. Nilai terpenting yang terdapat dalam Sutasoma adalah ajaran untuk mencari intisari dari sebuah ajaran agama, dan menganggap agama Siwa dan Buddha yang kurun waktu itu berkembang di Majapahit memiliki intisari yang sama, sehingga dapat dijadikan acuan dalam memandang sebuah perbedaan agama hanya pada kulitnya saja, sedangkan intinya sama (persamaan dalam perbedaan). Sehingga pada masa Majapahit toleransi antarumat beragama terjaga dengan baik dan berpuncak pada masa keemasan Majapahit. Sutasoma melahirkan sesanti Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, sebuah mahakarya filosofi adiluhung dari Jawa Kuno yang masih sangat relevan dijadikan acuan dalam kehidupan beragama, berbangsa, dan bernegara.
Mengkontekstualisasi Kajian Pascakolonial dalam Bali Kontemporer
Authors: Suryawan I Ngurah 
Published: April 2021

Artikel ini mengkaji tentang usaha untuk mengontekstualisasikan teori-teori pasca kolonial ke dalam fenomena Bali kontemporer. Meskipun Bali tidak lagi berada di dalam era penjajahan, namun warisan kebudayaan mental masih dapat disaksikan di dalam praktik kebudayaan, yang kemudian dikomodifikasi untuk kepentingan industri pariwisata. Pada titik ini, kajian pasca kolonial yang dirintis oleh Gayatri Spivak, Edward Said hingga Homi Babha bisa dipakai sebagai pisau bedah untuk melihat sejauh mana jejak superioritas penjajah terhadap inferioritas terjajah pada konteks Bali kontemporer. Di dalam struktur masyarakat Bali kontemporer yang terbentuk aibat persinggungan dengan globalisasi yakni kelas menegah, turut mengadopsi perspektif eksotis kolonialistik untuk meromantisir kebudayaan Bali demi kepentingan ekonomi-politik neo-liberal yang difasilitasi oleh pariwisata budaya.
Sistema de Informações Geográficas como ferramenta de análise espacial e tabular para a implantação de praças e parques urbanos | Geographical information system as a tool for spatial and table analysis for the implementation of public squares and urban parks
Authors: Cocco Renata Michelon , Aita Pippi Luis Guilherme , Weiss Raquel 
Published: April 2021

Este artigo visa apresentar o recorte da pesquisa de mestrado sobre a identificação de espaços livres potenciais para a implantação de praças e parques urbanos da cidade média de Santa Maria (Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil). Através do uso de ferramentas de um Sistema de Coordenadas Geográficas, a análise sistêmica de geodados espaciais (cartográficos) e alfanuméricos (tabulares) é utilizada para analisar a espacialização e cruzamento de parâmetros ambientais, de equipamentos comunitários e de informações socioeconômicas existentes na cidade. A partir do cruzamento de informações sobre os raios de atendimento de praças e parques com dados de população e renda, pode-se delimitar onde existem déficits de áreas de lazer e recreação na cidade. A análise dos resultados permite avançar em uma proposta geral de diretrizes que devem estar de acordo com as deficiências, condicionantes e potencialidades de cada região de Santa Maria, a fim de que esses equipamentos sejam implantados no futuro por meio de estratégias urbanísticas e que sejam preservados a partir de um eficiente sistema de gestão e manutenção.
Development and validation of a flow cytometric assay for detecting reactive oxygen species in the erythrocytes of healthy dogs
Authors: Woolcock Andrew D. , Serpa Priscila B. S. , Santos Andrea P. , Christian John A. , Moore George E. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To validate the use of a flow cytometric assay that uses 2‘,7‘-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) to measure reactive oxygen species in the erythrocytes of healthy dogs.

ANIMALS
50 healthy adult dogs.

PROCEDURES
Erythrocytes were incubated with DCFH-DA or a vehicle control (dimethyl sulfoxide), then incubated with (stimulated) or without (unstimulated) hydrogen peroxide. The flow cytometric assay was evaluated for specificity with increasing concentrations of DCFH-DA and hydrogen peroxide, and a polynomial regression line was applied to determine optimal concentrations. For precision, samples were analyzed 5 consecutive times for determination of intra- and interassay variability. Stability of samples stored at 4°C for up to 48 hours after blood collection was determined with flow cytometric analysis. Coefficient of variation (CV) was considered acceptable at 20%. Baseline measurements were used to determine an expected range of median fluorescence intensity for unstimulated erythrocytes incubated with DCFH-DA.

RESULTS
Erythrocytes were successfully isolated, and stimulated samples demonstrated higher median fluorescence intensity, compared with unstimulated samples. The intra-assay CV was 11.9% and 8.9% and interassay CV was 11.9% and 9.1% for unstimulated and stimulated samples, respectively. Unstimulated samples were stable for up to 24 hours, whereas stimulated samples were stable for up to 48 hours.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Flow cytometry for the measurement of reactive oxygen species in the erythrocytes of healthy dogs by use of DCFH-DA had acceptable specificity, precision, and stability. Flow cytometry is a promising technique for evaluating intraerythrocytic oxidative stress for healthy dogs.
Assessment of the physical compatibility of injectable enrofloxacin with commonly used intravenous fluids and drugs during simulated Y-port administration
Authors: Aghili Anahita , Thomovsky Elizabeth J. , Johnson Paula A. , Brooks Aimee C. , Pierce Trinna J. , Gochenauer Alexandria E. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate physical compatibility of small animal (SAE) and large animal (LAE) injectable formulations of enrofloxacin with select IV fluids and drugs.

SAMPLE
162 admixtures containing SAE or LAE with saline (0.9% NaCl) solution, lactated Ringer solution (LRS), Plasma-Lyte A (PLA), 6% hydroxyethylstarch 130/0.4 (HES), metoclopramide, or ampicillin-sulbactam.

PROCEDURES
In the first of 2 simultaneously conducted experiments, admixtures containing enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg) and a volume of IV fluid that would be administered over a 20-minute period when dosed at the maintenance infusion rate (40 mL/kg/d for saline solution, LRS, and PLA and 20 mL/kg/d for HES) were created. In the second experiment, enrofloxacin (10 mg/kg) was admixed with saline solution (40 mL/kg/d) and metoclopramide (2 mg/kg/d) or ampicillin-sulbactam (30 mg/kg). In both experiments, admixture components were infused into a flask over 20 minutes assuming patient weights of 5, 10, and 20 kg. Admixtures were created by use of undiluted SAE and SAE diluted 1:1 with saline solution and undiluted LAE and LAE diluted 1:1 and 1:10 with saline solution. Admixtures were assessed for physical incompatibility at 0, 15, 30, and 60 minutes after completion of mixing. Physical incompatibility was defined as gross precipitation, cloudiness, Tyndall effect, or change in turbidity.

RESULTS
Admixtures containing undiluted SAE or LAE were physically incompatible with saline solution, PLA, LRS, and HES. Because saline solution was used to dilute SAE and LAE, all admixtures containing diluted SAE or LAE were also physically incompatible. Physical compatibility of enrofloxacin with metoclopramide or ampicillin-sulbactam could not be assessed because those admixtures also contained saline solution.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Enrofloxacin was physically incompatible with all tested solutions.
Effect of withholding food on serum concentrations of cobalamin, folate, trypsin-like immunoreactivity, and pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity in healthy dogs
Authors: Saver Alexander T. , Steiner Jörg M. , Hetzel Scott J. , Lidbury Jonathan A. , Suchodolski Jan S. , Pritchard Jessica C. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of withholding food on the results for measurements of serum concentrations of cobalamin, folate, canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (cPLI), and canine trypsin-like immunoreactivity (cTLI) in healthy dogs.

ANIMALS
11 healthy employee- or student-owned dogs.

PROCEDURES
Food was withheld from the dogs for 12 hours, baseline blood samples were collected, then dogs were fed. Postprandial blood samples collected 1, 2, 4, and 8 hours later were assessed. A mixed-effects ANOVA model with fasting duration (time) as a fixed factor and dog as a random effect was fit for each analyte variable. Additionally, a mixed-effects ANOVA model controlling for the variable of time was fit to assess whether lipemia affected serum concentrations of the analytes.

RESULTS
The median serum cobalamin concentration was lower at 4 hours (428 ng/L) and 8 hours (429 ng/L) postprandially, compared with baseline (479 ng/L), but this difference was not clinically meaningful. Although there were no substantial differences in serum concentrations of folate, cPLI, or cTLI, postprandial changes in serum concentrations of cTLI or folate could potentially affect diagnoses in some dogs.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Although results indicated that feedings rarely resulted in clinically important differences in the median serum concentrations of cobalamin, folate, cPLI, or cTLI in healthy dogs, given the further processing required for lipemic samples, withholding food for at least 8 hours is an appropriate recommendation when measuring these analytes. Similar research is needed in dogs with gastrointestinal disease to determine whether the withholding of food is necessary when measuring these analytes in affected dogs.
Synthesis and Correlation of Aggregation and Antimicrobial Properties of Homochiral Quaternary Ammonium Bromides Derived from Camphoric Acid
Authors: Mikláš R. , Miklášová N. , Bukovský M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A group of homochiral quaternary ammonium salts bearing hydrophobic camphoric acid-derived moiety was synthesized and characterized. The aggregation properties of the prepared compounds were evaluated by surface tension measurements, and the critical micelle concentration (CMC) was calculated. The novel quaternary ammonium bromides were tested as antimicrobial and antifungal agents, and their minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was evaluated and compared to clinically used benzalkonium bromide (BAB). Correlation of MIC with CMC reveals that monomers of prepared cationic surfactants, instead of micelles, are primarily responsible for antimicrobial activity.