bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Pedagogy in Developing Life Skills
Authors: Gupta Renu 
Published: February 2021

In response to recent concerns expressed by Indian industry about the ‘employability’ of school and university graduates, this article examines the role of pedagogy in developing life skills (or twenty-first-century skills) and how these can be incorporated in the school/university curriculum. Recent curricular frameworks have incorporated life skills within the school curriculum by stressing the importance of inquiry and collaborative work through all subjects taught in school. The article finds a similar emphasis in the National Curriculum Framework (NCF) in India, but classroom observations and textbook analyses show that learning objectives in schools are frequently incorrect or misaligned with the NCF vision. The article briefly touches on how the beliefs of teachers affect their classroom practices and recommends that attention should be paid to the professionalisation of teachers, as only then can students acquire skills that are relevant for the twenty-first century, which is what employers want. JEL Classification: O15, J24, I21
Does Vocational Training Promote Female Labour Force Participation? An Analysis for India
Authors: Bairagya Indrajit , Bhattacharya Tulika , Tiwari Pragati 
Published: February 2021

The objective of the article is to assess the impact of formal and informal vocational training on female labour force participation in India, based on the Periodic Labour Force Survey data for 2017–2018, employing a trivariate probit model. Results show that participation both in formal and informal vocational training has a positive and statistically significant impact on female labour force participation across all specifications of the regression models, thus showing the robustness of the relationship. Most importantly, the provision of vocational training helps break the traditional U-shaped relationship between female labour force participation and educational levels. However, the fact that the percentage of formal vocational training holders is much lower than that of informal vocational training holders and that it varies among males and females, points to the need for special policy attention on the promotion of female participation in formal vocational training on a large scale. JEL Codes: J21, J24, J71
Structural Transformation of Jobs from Manufacturing to Services: Will It Work for India?
Authors: Bhadury Soumya , Narayanan Abhinav , Pratap Bhanu 
Published: February 2021

India has struggled with the question of what to make in India—manufacturing or services. The Economic Survey 2014–2015 articulated that this was a false choice. Instead, India faced a choice between two disparate types of sectors, unskilled-intensive and skilled-intensive, in both of which India possessed a comparative advantage. Two years down the line, the Economic Survey 2016–2017 suggested that labour-intensive sectors may be more effective in addressing India’s job challenge. The World Economic Outlook Report 2018 has suggested that a rapid replacement in the share of manufacturing jobs by services is likely to have a welfare-enhancing effect on developed and developing economies alike. As the Economic Survey 2014–2015 suggested that this is both a positive and a policy question. This article re-examines this question of manufacturing versus services in the Indian context to contribute to this debate. Specifically, we use the KLEMS India dataset to examine the dynamics of labour productivity associated with (a) a steady shift in the composition of the workforce towards the services sector and (b) investment in human capital proxied by changes in the labour quality index. Contrary to the WEO’s policy prescription, our findings suggest that an increasing prevalence of informal job contracts in services could potentially weaken the positive relationship between labour quality and labour productivity. Additionally, we observe that India’s labour force seems to be rapidly shifting towards services sub-sectors with lower productivity. This mechanism is likely to obstruct any potential gains in productivity, associated with an optimal relocation of factors of production. JEL codes: J21, J24, O14, C31, C33
School Social Workers Perceptions of the Use of Functional Behavior Assessments
Authors: Elswick Susan Elizabeth , Cuellar Matthew James 
Published: February 2021

Purpose: Conducting functional behavior assessments (FBAs) is an important component of meeting the behavioral needs of students exhibiting significant behavioral problems. However, the practices and perceptions of school social workers (SSWs) in the use of FBAs are relatively unknown. Method: The proposed study explored the perceptions of 310 SSWs, across Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, and Wisconsin about the processes involved in conducting an FBA. Descriptive and inferential statistics were estimated using the general linear model. Results: Findings suggest that theoretical orientation is associated with perceived usefulness of FBAs. Additionally, perceptions about the activities involved in conducting FBAs and decision-making practices varied as a function of level of competence about facilitating FBAs. Discussion: Overall, findings suggest that SSWs possess the skills needed to facilitate FBAs and face similar barriers of conducting FBAs of other school-based clinicians.
Outcomes and Complications With Treatment of Open Tibial Plafond Fractures With Circular External Fixator
Authors: Thabet Ahmed M. , Gerzina Christopher , Sala Francesco , Jeon Soyoung , Lovisetti Giovanni , Abdelgawad Amr , DeCoster Thomas A. , Azzam Wael 
Published: February 2021

Background: Open tibial plafond fractures (Orthopaedic Trauma Association and AO Foundation [OTA/AO] 43) are associated with severe complications, including deep infection (closed fractures, 20%; open fractures, 30%), amputation (3%-14%), and nonunion (up to 25%). Circular external fixators (CEFs) can minimize soft tissue injury. This study aimed to report the rate of union and occurrence of severe complications in patients with open tibial plafond fractures treated with CEFs. Methods: A retrospective review of case series was conducted at 3 level I trauma centers. The study included patients older than 18 years with open tibial plafond fractures treated with CEFs. The reported outcomes included union rate, deep infection, operative complications, and limb alignment. The radiographic measurements of anatomic alignment were obtained. Fifty-two patients were included in the study. Results: The primary union rate was 79%. No deep infection occurred in the majority (92%) of patients. No patient required amputation of the affected limb or free flap coverage. Conclusion: Definitive fixation of open tibial plafond fractures with CEFs avoided severe soft tissue complications but resulted in variation in final radiographic alignment. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
Functional Outcomes of Talectomy in Pediatric Feet
Authors: Al-Mohrej Omar A. , Almarshad Abdullah Y. , Alhussainan Thamer S. 
Published: February 2021

Background: Historically, talectomy has been predominantly performed to operatively treat severely rigid equinovarus feet. A limited number of investigators have studied functional outcomes in pediatric patients posttalectomy. We aimed to assess the outcomes of pediatric patients undergoing talectomy using the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and a subjective survey of patients’ and their caregivers’ satisfaction. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study that included 31 patients with nonidiopathic severely rigid talipes equinovarus, in a single center, using consecutive sampling. All medical records of those patients were reviewed, and relative data were extracted. The AOFAS score was used to measure the outcomes during the last visit (April 2020). Satisfaction was evaluated in a binary manner by questioning the patients and their caregivers if they would undergo the same surgery again for the same result. Results: Thirty-one patients were included. Myelomeningocele was the primary diagnosis in 13 patients (41.9%), and arthrogryposis was diagnosed in 11 patients (35.5%). Twenty-two patients had bilateral procedures. The mean age at the time of surgery was 6.0 ± 3.0 years, and the mean follow-up was 6.0 ± 1.0 years. Plantigrade feet following the primary surgery were achieved in 88.5% of cases. Postoperatively, braces were well tolerated in 86.5% of patients. Deformity recurrence was observed in 21.2% of patients, and 17.3% of patients required subsequent surgeries. Patients with arthrogryposis had significantly higher AOFAS scores than those with myelomeningocele and other diagnoses ( P = .017). Further, patients who tolerated braces had higher AOFAS scores than those who did not tolerate braces ( P = .006). However, patients who developed hindfoot varus and dorsal bunion postoperatively had lower AOFAS scores ( P = .054 and P = .006, respectively). Patients who had recurrent deformities or required further surgeries also had lower AOFAS scores ( P = .025 and P = .015, respectively). Although 17.3% of patients were not able to comment about their satisfaction due to their general medical condition, 63.5% of patients reported that they were satisfied. Furthermore, 75.0% of caregivers were satisfied with the outcomes and their children’s functional status posttalectomy. Conclusion: The observed outcomes of primary and salvage talectomies demonstrate the general overall effectiveness of this operative intervention as an end-stage treatment for pediatric patients with severely rigid talipes equinovarus. Level of Evidence: Level III; retrospective cohort study.
HFES Student Chapters: A Discussion of Best Practices
Authors: Waldfogle Grace E. , Lucaites Katie , Brunsen Emily , Derby Jessyca 
Published: February 2021

The objective of this panel is to open a dialog about how to effectively run student chapters of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. The panel will start by Grace Waldfogle briefly giving an overview of the discussion panel and providing her insight into the University of Central Florida’s student chapter. Katie Lucaites will discuss the benefits of applied projects and how the Clemson student chapter succeeds. Emily Brunsen will share how the North Carolina State University student chapter makes their presence known on campus. Finally, Jessyca Derby will discuss the do’s and don’ts of chapter success from Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University. The specific theme of this discussion panel is to express student chapter successes and failures in an open discussion format. Each panelist brings a different viewpoint from varying chapter sizes around the country. Grace will foster discussion among the panelists and questions from the general audience. Discussion time: 90 minutes
A Proactive Risk Assessment Methodology to Enhance Patient Safety: Reducing Wrong Site Surgery as a Preventable Medical Error
Authors: Tabibzadeh Maryam , Jahangiri Gelareh 
Published: February 2021

Patient safety has been a major area of concern over the last decades in the healthcare industry. The number of preventable medical errors in hospitals has been noticeably high. These errors are more likely to occur in intensive care units including Operating Rooms (ORs). Wrong site surgery is one of the critical sentinel events that occur in healthcare settings. This paper fills an important gap by proposing an integrated, system-oriented methodology for proactive risk assessment of operations in ORs, to specifically analyze the wrong site surgery issue, through the identification and monitoring of appropriate Leading Safety Indicators (LSIs) to evaluate the safety of those operations and generate warning/predicting signals for potential failures. These LSIs are identified across the layers of an introduced framework, which is built on the foundation of the Human-Organization-Technology (HOT) model originally developed by Meshkati (1992). This multi-layered framework captures the contributing causes of wrong site surgery.
Acceptance of mHealth by Elderly Adults: A Path Analysis
Authors: Xie Zhenzhen , Kalun Or Calvin 
Published: February 2021

Mobile health (mHealth) appears to be a promising assistive tool for the long-term health management of the elderly. However, mHealth adoption rates remain relatively low among the elderly. In this study, we surveyed 108 elderly adults to determine their perceptions of mHealth applications (apps) and conducted a path analysis with the aim of studying the factors that affected the acceptance of mHealth in this population. Notably, the intention to use health apps was positively affected by the perceived usefulness (PU) (β=0.32, p<0.001), perceived ease of use (PEOU) (β=0.24, p=0.003), mHealth literacy (β=0.21, p=0.004), smartphone screen size (β=0.15, p=0.02), and healthcare providers’ influence (β=0.17, p=0.02), but negatively affected by storage consumption (β=-0.18, p=0.03). PU was positively affected by PEOU (β=0.16, p=0.02), favorable features (β=0.40, p<0.001), and quality of information (β=0.26, p=0.003). Based on these findings, we suggest that high-quality information, a user-friendly interface, intriguing features, low storage consumption, a large display screen, and the involvement of healthcare professionals are needed to promote the acceptance of mHealth interventions among the elderly.
Definitive Radiotherapy in the Management of Non-Resectable or Residual Retroperitoneal Sarcomas: Institutional Cohort Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Sobiborowicz Aleksandra , Spałek Mateusz Jacek , Czarnecka Anna Małgorzata , Rutkowski Piotr 
Published: February 2021

Background: There is currently no consensus on optimal management of patients with primary or recurrent non-resectable/residual retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS). The objective of this study was to document the outcomes of patients with primary or recurrent non-resectable/residual RPS treated in our center with definitive radiotherapy (RT) and to perform a systematic review on the topic. Methods: A retrospective analysis of consecutive RPS patients treated in our center between 2000 and 2019 was performed. All consecutive patients who underwent definitive conformal RT with image guidance for primary or recurrent non-resectable or macroscopically residual RPS were included. Additionally, a systematic review compliant with the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses was performed. Results: The study enrolled 14 patients who met the aforementioned criteria. Data on clinicopathological characteristics, RT and response to treatment were assessed. RT allowed achieving prolonged local control of the disease, i.e. no local progression of the disease for more than 12 months after RT in 10 patients. Local control lasted more than 24 months in 6 cases, with minimal or no toxicity. A systemic review of 11 studies revealed concordance of our results with previous reports of primary or recurrent non-resectable/residual RPS. Conclusions: RT provided satisfactory local disease control with acceptable treatment tolerance in patients with primary or recurrent non-resectable/residual RPS and represents a valuable treatment modality in the selected group of patients. Additional RT modalities i.e. BT, particle therapy, MRI-guided RT, or GRID/Lattice RT may be introduced to improve local control and further minimize toxicity.
MDR1 gene polymorphisms and imatinib response in chronic myeloid leukemia: A meta-analysis
Authors: Louati N , Turki F , Mnif H , Frikha R 
Published: February 2021

Background Our study aimed to investigate the association between multidrug resistance (MDR1) C1236T, C3435T and G2677T/A polymorphisms and the response to imatinib (IM) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Materials and methods An electronic databases in PubMed, Embase, Web of Knowledge, Scopus and Cochrane were searched using combinations of keywords relating to MDR1 polymorphisms and the response to IM in CML. Studies retrieved from database searches were screened using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results In total, 37 studies were initially identified, and 17 studies, involving 4494 CML patients, were eventually included in this meta-analysis. Results of our study revealed significant association between MDR1 G2677T/A and C3435T polymorphisms and response to IM in Caucasian population under recessive model (T or A vs G; OR = 1.43,95%CI [1;06-1.93]; T vs C;OR = 1.13; 95%IC [0.79; 1.63]), dominant (T or A vs G; OR = 0.94; 95%CI [0.74–1.21]; T vs C; OR = 1.49; 95%CI [1.02–2.17]) and heterozygous models (T or A vs G; OR = 0.83; 95%CI [0.64; 1.09]; T vs C; OR = 1.52; 95%CI [1.01–2.28]); respectively. However, never significative association was found between IM response and the MDR1 C1236T polymorphism (OR = 1.25; 95%CI [0.46; 3.33]). Conclusion The MDR1 G2677T/A and C3435T polymorphisms might be a risk factor for resistance to IM in Caucasian CML patients.
Co-existence of BCR-ABL and JAK2V617F mutation in resistant chronic myeloid leukemia in the imatinib era: Is there a correlation?
Authors: Frikha Rim , Turki Fatma , Kassar Olfa , Elloumi Moez , Kamoun Hassen 
Published: February 2021

Introduction Diagnoses of myeloproliferative disorder is based on molecular marker. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and Myeloproliferative neoplasms were considered mutually exclusive and co-existence of BCR/ABL1 and JAK2 mutation is a rare phenomenon. Case report Here, we present two cases of co-existence of BCR-ABL and JAK2V617F positivity. We characterize the course of the disease, mainly the minimal residual disease. Management and outcome: The two cases was initially managed as Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and treated by TKI inhibitors. The first one was diagnosed in 2010. He started the first line of TKI, and then switched to second line without obtaining a major molecular response. Hence he was tested for JAK2V617F mutation and positivity was diagnosed. The second patient showed Chronic Myeloid Leukemia phenotype with coexistence of BCR/ABL1 and JAK2 mutation at diagnosis. Molecular monitoring reveals a high BCR-ABL1 transcript level (20%) at the last follow-up (12 months). Discussion Ours results highlight that JAK2V617F/BCR-ABL double positivity may be a potential marker of resistance in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and clonal molecular analysis is mandatory to elucidate the mechanism. Moreover, the combination of JAK and TKI inhibitors might be effective and potentially be guided by molecular monitoring of minimal residual disease.
Surface contamination with nine antineoplastic drugs in 109 canadian centers; 10 years of a monitoring program
Authors: Chabut Claire , Tanguay Cynthia , Gagné Sébastien , Caron Nicolas , Bussières Jean-François 
Published: February 2021

Introduction Healthcare workers exposure to antineoplastic drugs can lead to adverse health effects. Guidelines promote the safe handling of antineoplastic drugs, but no safe exposure limit was determined. Regular surface sampling contributes to ensuring workers safety. Methods A cross-sectional monitoring is conducted once a year with voluntary Canadian centers, since 2010. Twelve standardized sampling sites were sampled. Samples were analyzed by high performance mass coupled liquid chromatography. The limits of detection (in ng/cm2) were: 0.001 for cyclophosphamide and gemcitabine; 0.3 for docetaxel and ifosfamide; 0.04 for 5-fluorouracil and paclitaxel; 0.003 for irinotecan; 0.002 for methotrexate; 0.01 for vinorelbine. Results The surfaces from 109 centers were sampled between 01/01/2020–18/06/2020. Twenty-six centers delayed their participation because of the COVID-19 pandemic. 1217 samples were analyzed. Surfaces were frequently contaminated with cyclophosphamide (34% positive, 75th percentile 0.00165 ng/cm2) and gemcitabine (16% and <0.001 ng/cm2). The armrest of patient treatment chairs (84% to at least one drug), the front grille inside the biological safety cabinet (BSC) (73%) and the floor in front of the BSC (55%) were frequently contaminated. Centers that prepared ≥5000 antineoplastic drugs annually had higher concentration of cyclophosphamide on their surfaces (p < 0.0001). Contamination measured on the surfaces was reduced from 2010 to 2020. Conclusions This large-scale study showed reproducible long term follow up of the contamination of standardized sites of Canadian centers and a reduction in surface contamination from 2010 to 2020. Periodic surface sampling help centers meet their continuous improvements goals to reduce exposure as much as possible. The COVID-19 pandemic had a limited impact on the program.
Increasing pharmacy productivity and reducing medication turnaround times in an Italian comprehensive cancer center by implementing robotic chemotherapy drugs compounding
Authors: Capilli Martina , Enrico Fiorenza , Federici Matteo , Comandone Tiziana 
Published: February 2021

Introduction The management of antineoplastic drugs used for chemotherapy is widely recognized as a high-risk activity. In 2018, our oncology pharmacy implemented workflow improvements to manage the growing workload due to the centralisation of activities from a hospital’s satellite pharmacy, moving towards automated compounding of antineoplastic drugs. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the centralization on the productivity of the pharmacy department and evaluate the performances of the robotic chemotherapy drugs compounding. Material and methods Data were collected from the hospital information system and the workflow management software, and examined over a 3-year period (2017–2019). The total annual throughput in terms of doses prepared and patients treated and the Medication Turnaround Time (MTAT) were determined. Productivity and dosage accuracy were calculated for the robotic system. Results In 2018, the number of patients treated increased by 16.6%, consequently, the overall number of intravenous preparations compounded in the pharmacy increased by 17.2%. Regarding manual compounding, the total number of antineoplastic preparations decreased by about 2%. Investigational treatments manually compounded increased by about 27%, in contrast to the non-investigational treatments, which decreased by 9.4%. Regarding robotic compounding, the annual production increased by 50.4%. In 2018, the MTAT decreased about 24%. The dosage accuracy and precision of the total amount of doses were -1.1% and 1.2%, respectively. Conclusion This study indicates that in the effort to satisfy an ever-increasing workload, computerization and automation are essential instruments to maintain and ensuring high standards of quality.