bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMMUNITY-BASED FOOD SECURITY EFFORTS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF NUTRITION FOLLOWING MOTHER AND CHILDREN IN THE PANDEMIC Period (COVID - 19): LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Maryani Siti , Putri Noviyati Rahardjo 
Published: May 2021

Background The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic covers all aspects of life, one of which is food security (Masniadi, Angkasa, Karmeli, Esabella, 2019). The number of malnutrition especially among mothers and children globally during the pandemic is increasing. Pandemics can increase poverty, cut food supply chains and malfunction in nutrition education programs for the community (Akseer, Kandru, Keats, Bhutta, 2020). The effects of the pandemic also have an impact on the nutritional adequacy of mothers and children (including infants and toddlers) in Indonesia. The availability of household food, limited access and affordability of healthy food ingredients are the three main problems in the scope of fulfilling nutrition during the pandemic in Indonesia (Unicef Indonesia, 2020). The method in this research is literature review, the journals used in the literature review are obtained through a database of international journal providers such as Google Scholar, Pubmed, and Proquest. Researchers write the appropriate keywords, namely food security and pandemic. The year limit used is 10 years, namely 2010 to 2020. Results and discussion of online surveys show that 36% of respondents “often reduce” their food portions due to financial problems, of course this will affect the nutritional status of the family, especially children and mothers (Unicef Indonesia, 2020). However, regional research in one district shows that the nutritional status of children aged 3 - 5 years is not affected by this pandemic. Although data on the mapping of the impact of a pandemic on nutritional status is still limited, it is hoped that the community will be able to maintain family nutrition adequacy with various household-based efforts that can be implemented effectively and efficiently. Keywords: Food Security, Nutrition, Pandemic Period
The Effect of Green Bean Extract To Increase of Pregnant Women's Upper Arm Circumference in The Primary Health Care Center of Gubug I Grobogan Regency
Authors: Khasanah Siti Nur , Octaviani Dhita Aulia , Nugraheni Intan 
Published: May 2021

Chronic energy deficiency (KEK) is a nutritional problem caused by lack of food intake in a long time. Based on the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2018 in Indonesia containing pregnant women with Chronic Energy Deficiency reaching 17.3%. This shows that there are still quite a lot of pregnant women who are malnourished in Indonesia. One of local foodstuffs that can be an alternative to meet the nutrition of pregnant women with mung beans. Mung beans are rich in macro, micro nutrients, vitamins B1, B2, amino acids, folic acid, protein, carbohydrates, Ca and phosphorus. This study discusses how to increase mungbean extract to increase upper arm circumference in pregnant women Energy Deficiency in the working area of the Public Health Center Gubug 1. This study was a study of one group with pre and post tests. The population of this study is pregnant women with Chronic Energy Deficiency according to inclusion criteria. The sampling technique is to use a purposive sampling technique. Giving mung bean extract is done for 30 days. The study showed the results of the measurement of the circumference of the upper arm before training (pre test) with after administration (post test) after being involved using paired t-test obtained p value (0.001) α (0.05). Means there is a significant difference between the circumference of the upper arm before the treatment round. From the research that is expected from health workers need to educate pregnant women for nutritious food, so pregnant women do not need Chronic Energy Deficiency. Nutritious food sources can be obtained from the environment around pregnant women and are easily available at affordable prices. Keywords: Mung bean extract; Chronic Energy Deficiency; Upper Arm Circumference
Ameliorasi Media Tailing Pascatambang Timah dengan Sabut Kelapa pada Budidaya Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L. chinensis) dengan Sistem Irigasi Growick
Authors: Inonu Ismed , Apriyadi Rion , Utari Dera 
Published: May 2021

Lahan bekas tambang timah sebagian besar berbentuk tailing pasir, dengan tekstur didominasi oleh fraksi pasir, sehingga daya pegang airnya rendah. Sistem irigasi growick dikembangkan pada budidaya tanaman di lahan pascatambang, dengan memanfaatkan sumbu kapiler Untuk mempertahankan kandungan air pada media tanam, maka perlu diameliorasi dengan sabut kelapa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis sabut kelapa yang ditambahkan pada media tailing pasir terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil pakcoy dengan sistem irigasi growick tailing. Penelitian di lahan Kebun Percobaan dan Penelitian Universitas Bangka Belitung, Desa Balunijuk Kecamatan Merawang Kabupaten Bangka pada Januari sampai April 2020. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Tunggal dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan dosis sabut kelapa yang diteliti adalah 0; 200; 400; 600; 800, dan 1000 g per polybag. Data yang diperoleh akan dianalis statistika menggunakan Analysis of Variance dan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) α = 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan dan produksi pakcoy dipengaruhi oleh dosis ameliorant sabut kelapa, dan pertumbuha dan produksi paling baik diperoleh pada dosis 600 g. Efisiensi penggunaan air oleh tanaman pada dosis 600 g paling efisien.
Exploring Social Problems in Tobago
Authors: Campbell-Phillips Sharon 
Published: May 2021

In Trinidad and Tobago, crime is escalating among our youths. These youths are teenagers who should be in school acquiring an education. Teenage crime is a name given to the crimes that are committed by people who are under the age of eighteen (18). In Trinidad and Tobago, most of the violent crimes are committed by children under the age of eighteen, who are either in school or have dropped out. Crimes committed mostly by teenagers include theft, assaults on other teenagers, gang violence, and even murder. Some of these juveniles are before the court defending themselves against crimes that they have committed, while others are in prison serving their sentences. Many of our youths are giving into social problems and neglecting the importance of their deviant behaviours. Social problem is a global epidemic that is affecting persons from all background, culture, race, age and belief. There have been patterns of negative behaviours among students in Tobago and it is becoming uncontrollable. Therefore, the aim of this study is to acquire information that can be used to help curb those unacceptable behaviours. Questionnaires were the method used and they were administered throughout the island of Tobago to persons belonging to different age groups. Based on the information gather and the findings, recommendations were suggested as a way of building better communities and a better Tobago. The purpose of this study is to explore social problems within Tobago and to identify the ways in which the youths are affected and by extension, the communities.
Visual Hazards of Social Media Users among University Students in Dhaka City: A Comparison between Public and Private Universities
Authors: Amin Md Ruhul , Islam Khaleda 
Published: May 2021

Background: Intensive use of social media threat to physical health, visual disorders is one them. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted to identify the visual hazards of social media users among students of public and private universities in Dhaka city.
Materials and methods: A pretested, semi-structured standard questionnaire and randomized sampling technique was used to collect the data, the number of calculated sample size was 726.
Results: Study revealed that mean age of the respondents of public university were 21.551.93 years and private university were 21.141.62 years. It was found that 28.10%, 9.90%, 17.90%, 10.70%, 6.60%, 22.60%, 8.50%, 0.60%, 18.70%, 2.80%, 1.90%, 2.80% and 0.60% of the respondents of public university complained headache, dry eye syndrome, eye strain, burning, itching, tearing eyes, irritated eyes, squinting, blurry vision, double vision, temporary change in color vision, trouble seeing at night, distorted vision respectively and that of the students of private university were 36.60%, 9.60%, 22.00%, 12.70%, 11.80%, 31.70%, 14.90%, 5.50%, 15.70%, 6.90%, 6.30%, 6.10% and 0.80% respectively. Social media disorders influence significantly on eyestrain of the students of both public and private universities.
Conclusion: Social media had different types of visual hazards among the students of both public and private universities in Dhaka city.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (1); January 2021; Page 3-7
Serum Calcium Level in Patients with Pre Eclampsia : A Case Control Study
Authors: Bhowmick Rajasree , Bhowmik Juthi , Chowdhury Shiuly , Nur Ayesha Najma , Begum Firoza 
Published: May 2021

Background: To compare serum calcium level in pre-eclamptic women and normal pregnant women.
Materials and methods: It was a case-control study carried out in patient Department of Fetomaternal Medicine unit in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka. From September 2010 to February 2011. Total 60 cases, among them 30 comprising control group and 30 were cases. This was a non interventional case control study that was carried out on total 60 women with age range 18 to 38 years of them 30 healthy gravid women as control group and 30 pregnancy with pre eclampsia as case. Serum calcium level of the groups were measured, and compare between this two group. Data were analyzed by computer with the help of SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) win 13 software package.
Results: Serum calcium in pre-eclamptic women was significantly low [7.88±0.75mg/dl vs 9.9267±0.58 mg/dl] than in normal pregnant women.
Conclusion: Serum calcium may be used for earlier detection of preeclampsia. Further studies are required to investigate whether calcium supplementation can be used as a preventable measure for the development of preeclampsia.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (1); January 2021; Page 33-36
Dengue Outbreak in Children During 2019: Experience at A Tertiary Care teaching Hospital
Authors: Datta Mitra , Ferdousi Asma , Haque Salina , Jahan Rifat , Das Aparup , Haq Tanjina 
Published: May 2021

Background: Dengue outbreaks are hitting different geographic locations, different clinical manifestations are being reported recently. This study was aimed to describe the clinico-epidemiological profile and outcome of dengue infected children during 2019 dengue outbreak in Chattogram.
Materials and methods: This hospital based prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Pediatrics in Chattogram Medical College Hospital. Serologically positive dengue cases (Aged £12 years) admitted from July 2019 to December 2019 were enrolled in the study. Hospital outcome of the patient’s was recorded in terms of mortality, Length of Hospital Stay (LOS) need for ICU.
Results: Out of total 192 patients as per the National Guideline 66.7% cases were classified as dengue fever without warning signs, 21.9% as dengue fever with warning signs and 11.5% as severe dengue. Overall the mean age was 7.04 (±3.23) years with male preponderance (59%). Along with fever main complaints were abdominal pain (91.7%), vomiting (47.9%) and headache (23.6%). Marked thrombocytopenia (Below 50,000) was present in 37.9%, leucopenia in 27.9% and raised haematocrit in 10.9% of cases. Average LOS was 5.2 (±1.9) days, 18 (9.5%) patients need ICU admission and there was no fatality in this series. Some clinical (Vomiting, flusihing, shock, reduced urinary output) and laboratory (Marked thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, hemoconcentration, pleural effusion and hepatomegaly) variables were associated with severity.
Conclusion: Fever with abdominal pain were common presentations of dengue fever. Severe dengue patients presented with vomiting, flashing and shock. Marked thrombocytopenia and pleural effusion and/or ascites were related to shock. Appropriate and timely management is very effective in reducing case fatality.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (1); January 2021; Page 46-50
Pattern of Animal Bites and Post Exposure Prophylaxis for Rabies: An One Year Study in Bangladesh Institute of Tropical Infectious Disease (BITID) Chattogram
Authors: Rashid Md Mamunur , Chowdhury MA Hassan , Chowdhury Md Hossain Rashid 
Published: May 2021

Background: Rabies is a global disease occurring in more then 150 countries including Bangladesh. It was neglected in Bangladesh before 2010 with more than 2000 annual rabies case. Number of rabies patients are declining in whole world due to more availability of resources needed for rabies prevention. In this background here our objective is to study the Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) in rabies & to observe the pattern of animal bites in Bangladesh Institute of Tropical and Infectious Disease (BITID) which is a national institute dealing Tropical & Infectious disease of Bangladesh.
Materials and methods: It was a retrospective study carried out among bite patients coming to BITID (Both outdoor & indoor) from 01.01.2017 to 31.12.2017 where a registry of all post exposure treatment was maintained. Total 1863 cases of animal bite patients came to BITID over the study period. The data were analyzed finally.
Results: Among 1836 cases, 1185(63.66%) were male and 678 (34.44%) were female. 1155 cases (62%) belonged to >12 years of age and 708 (38%) cases belonged £12 years of age 815(43.74%) cases were category III bite. 1386 (74.4%) cases were bitten by dog & bites in 1110 (59.6%) cases occurred in lower limbs. Most patients 1138 cases (61.1%) came from rural areas & maximum bites occurred from March 2017 to September 2017.
Conclusion: Animal bite is a great burden for Bangladesh. To prevent it we need public awareness, mass dog vaccination, street dog control and complete post exposure prophylaxis as per schedule given by national rabies elimination program of Bangladesh government.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (1); January 2021; Page 51-54
Comparing the Incidence of Postdural Puncture Headache After Diagnostic Lumbar Puncture due to 22 Gauge Standard Versus 25 Gauge Atraumatic Needle : A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Phani Ashok Kumar , Chowdhury Somen , Das Priyatosh , Ahmed Farid Uddin , Kabir Md Humayun , Amin Md Ruhul , Kayasthagir Pradip Kumar , Md Hassanuzzaman - 
Published: May 2021

Background: There is growing evidence that the incidence of Postdural Puncture Headache (PDPH) after Lumber Puncture (LP) with the smaller, non-cutting needle is less. Nevertheless, larger, cutting needles are still widely used for this procedure in Bangladesh. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence and severity of PDPH between 22 G standard needle and 25 G atraumatic needle for diagnostic LP in patients with neurological symptoms.
Methods and materials: This single-blind, randomized, controlled trial was carried out in Department of Neurology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, during February 2017 to January 2018. One hundred consecutive patients admitted in Neurology ward fulfilled the set inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into two equal groups: Group A (LP was done with 22 G standard needle) and Group B (LP was done with 25 G atraumatic needle). The incidence and severity of PDPH was interviewed on day 5 following LP.
Results: Effective sample size was 99 (50 in Group A and 49 in Group B) as one patient was dropped out. Both groups were similar in terms of baseline sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. LP was successful in first attempt in 25 (50%) and 28 (57.8%) patients in Group A and Group B respectively. Incidence of PDPH was significantly higher in Group A than Group B. Severity of PDPH was also significantly higher in Group A than in Group B with regards to presence of moderate degree of PDPH. Analgesics use was significantly less in Group B in comparison to Group A. Absolute adjusted risk of mild to moderate PDPH with 25G atraumatic needles was reduced by 3.74 times (95% CI: 1.22-11.44) compared to 22 G standard needle.
Conclusion: 25 G atraumatic needles significantly reduced the incidence and severity of PDPH as compared to 22G standard needle. So, using 25 G atraumatic needle would be beneficial for diagnostic LP procedure.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (1); January 2021; Page 67-71
Haemoglobin D Trait-An Uncommon Haemoglobinopathy in Chattogram: A Case Report
Authors: Sultana Razia , Gosh Tani 
Published: May 2021

This case presents haemoglobin D Trait (Hb-D) which is a rare disease in Bangladesh. It is a heterozygous state for haemoglobin D who came to Laboratory Medicine Department of Chattogram Maa Shishu-O-General Hospital (CMSOGH) for heamoglobin electrophoresis. Our patient was 9 years old girl from Noakhali, Bangladesh. She was clinically silent with no splenomegaly. Her peripheral blood film was microcytic hypochromic anaemia and Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) of Hb revealed Hb D Trait. On family screening her father was Hb E trait, mother was Hb D trait and younger sister turned out normal Hb study. Compound heterozygosity for haemoglobin D and haemoglobin E may be present in subsequent pregnancy of her mother.
Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (1); January 2021; Page 81-83
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH DARI RETRIBUSI PASAR DI KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO
Authors: Moenek Reydonnyzar , Santoso Eko Budi 
Published: May 2021

Retribusi merupakan salah satu sumber dari Pendapatan Asli daerah (PAD). Tulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian yang mendeskripsikan mengenai strategi peningkatan PAD dari Retribusi pelayanan pasar (retribusi pasar) dan mengeksplorasi berbagai kemungkinan strategi yang masih mungkin dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pungutan retribusi pasar di Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Desain yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan eksploratif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Tenik analisisnya menggunakan teknik analisis swot dan analisis diskrepansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi yang selama ini dilaksanakan belum menunjukkan keberhasilan dalam pencapaian target pemungutan retribusi pasar yang miliki kontribusi besar terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD). Masih terdapat enam strategi yang dapat dilaksanakan oleh Pemda Kabupaten Sukoharjo untuk meningkatkan hasil pemungutan retribusi pasar yang akan meningkatkan penerimaan PADnya. Disarankan untuk melakukan enam langkah sesuai strategi yang masih belum dilakukan ataupun yang belum banyak dilakukan selama ini.
WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SMART CITY IN BOGOR CITY
Authors: Sa'diyah Aniq Fajriyati , Purnomo Eko Priyo , Kasiwi Aulia Nur 
Published: May 2021

The city of Bogor is one of the cities that has implemented the concept of smart city and is one of the centers of attention for the movement of people. The implementation of smart cities often has difficulty in applying various aspects. One of them is about environmental problems in urban areas that are very vulnerable to various damages such as garbage. One effort to improve the quality of the urban environment is the concept of Smart Environment. This study uses qualitative research with a descriptive approach. This research results that the condition of Bogor City which is dense makes the volume of waste increasing. In this case, waste management efforts such as the Trash Bank, 3R Trash Program, and impelemntation of waste management of IT based. However, in its application the City of Bogor experienced constraints on public awareness and participation.
Keywords: Waste Management, Smart City, Smart Environment
PEMBERDAYAAN BURUH BATIK BAKARAN DI KABUPATEN PATI PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Alyani Neni , Santoso Eko Budi , Maulandani Nuke R. , Hidayat Enjang 
Published: May 2021

Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan upaya pemberdayaan buruh batik di desa Bakaran Kabupaten Pati, Jawa Tengah. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode wawancara dan observasi. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa terdapat permasalahan pada penerapan dan langkah-langkah pemberdayaan di desa Bakaran. Selain itu, terdapat pula faktor-faktor penghambat proses pemberdayaan buruh batik yang perlu diselesaikan dengan cara mengubah strategi dan model pemberdayaan yang ada yang sesuai dengan permasalahan yang muncul.
Kata kunci: pemberdayaan; usaha kecil; buruh; batik.
Applying Cryo-X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy to Study the Surface Chemical Composition of Fungi and Viruses
Authors: Shchukarev Andrey , Backman Emelie , Watts Samuel , Salentinig Stefan , Urban Constantin F. , Ramstedt Madeleine 
Published: May 2021

Interaction between microorganisms and their surroundings are generally mediatedviathe cell wall or cell envelope. An understanding of the overall chemical composition of these surface layers may give clues on how these interactions occur and suggest mechanisms to manipulate them. This knowledge is key, for instance, in research aiming to reduce colonization of medical devices and device-related infections from different types of microorganisms. In this context, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is a powerful technique as its analysis depth below 10 nm enables studies of the outermost surface structures of microorganism. Of specific interest for the study of biological systems is cryogenic XPS (cryo-XPS). This technique allows studies of intact fast-frozen hydrated samples without the need for pre-treatment procedures that may cause the cell structure to collapse or change due to the loss of water. Previously, cryo-XPS has been applied to study bacterial and algal surfaces with respect to their composition of lipids, polysaccharides and peptide (protein and/or peptidoglycan). This contribution focuses onto two other groups of microorganisms with widely different architecture and modes of life, namely fungi and viruses. It evaluates to what extent existing models for data treatment of XPS spectra can be applied to understand the chemical composition of their very different surface layers. XPS data from model organisms as well as reference substances representing specific building blocks of their surface were collected and are presented. These results aims to guide future analysis of the surface chemical composition of biological systems.