bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient satisfaction, preferences, expectations, characteristics, and impact of suboptimal control of rheumatoid arthritis: A subgroup analysis of Japanese patients from a large international cohort study (SENSE)
Authors: Kawahito Yutaka , Takakubo Yuya , Morinobu Akio , Matsubara Naoko , Nagy Orsolya , Sugiyama Eiji 
Published: November 2021

Objective
To evaluate treatment satisfaction, disease outcomes, and perspectives of patients with poorly controlled rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with conventional synthetic, targeted synthetic, or biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), we conducted a subgroup (post hoc) analysis of Japanese patients participating in the SENSE study.

Methods
Data for Japanese patients (n/N = 118/1629) from the global, multicenter, cross-sectional, observational SENSE study were analyzed. The primary endpoint was the global satisfaction subscore assessed using the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM) version 1.4. Other patient-reported outcomes included self-reported RA medication adherence and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment-RA. Patient perspectives included patients’ expectations and preference of pharmacologic treatment.

Results
Median (range) age and RA disease duration were 67.0 (18.0–87.0) years and 8 (0.0-54) years, respectively; 81.4% of patients were female. Mean (SD) TSQM global satisfaction subscore was 56.8 (17.5), and only 5.9% of patients reported good satisfaction with treatment (TSQM global ≥80). Mean (SD) self-reported treatment adherence using VAS was high (93.5% [13.8%]). Mean (SD) total work productivity impairment was 45.6% (32.0%); presenteeism contributed toward more total work productivity impairment (43.9% [30.4%]) than absenteeism (8.3% [24.4%]). Patients expected improvement in all parameters from their treatment, especially improvement in joint symptoms. Most patients (80.7%) preferred oral medication and 18.7% preferred monotherapy. Patient acceptability of potentially manageable side effects was high (7.5%-34.0%). Although most patients (81.3%) found combination therapy acceptable, 43.2% were receiving DMARD monotherapy.

Conclusion
Although most Japanese patients with RA with moderate-to-high disease activity were dissatisfied with their current DMARD treatment, high treatment adherence, high acceptability of combination therapy, high acceptability of manageable potential side effects, and preference for oral medication were reported. Data support the development of a more individualized and patient-centric approach for RA treatment.
The effects of supervision on three different exercises modalities (supervised vs. home vs. supervised+home) in older adults: Randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: Costa Sabrine Nayara , Boiko Ferreira Luis Henrique , Barauce Bento Paulo Cesar 
Published: November 2021

Background
Multicomponent physical exercise programs are a viable strategy for treating physical decline resulting from the aging process in older populations and can be applied in supervised and home-based modalities. However, the magnitude of the intervention effects in terms of physical function development may vary according to the modalities application due to different supervision degrees.

Objective
This study aims to compare the effects of supervision in a multicomponent exercise program in different application modalities (supervised vs. home vs. supervised+home) in neuromuscular adaptations, muscle strength, gait, physical function, and quality of life, analyzing the differences between intensity, volume, and density of home and supervised sessions in community older adults.

Methods
This protocol is a randomized controlled clinical trial with a sample of 66 older adults divided into three groups: supervised exercise (SUP = 22), home-based exercise (HB = 22), and supervised plus home-based exercise (SUP+HB = 22). The multicomponent exercise program will last 12 weeks, three times per week, for 60 min per session and include warm-up, balance, muscle-strengthening, gait, and flexibility exercises. The study’s primary outcomes will be neuromuscular function, composed of the assessment of muscle isokinetic strength, muscle architecture, and neuromuscular electrical activation. The secondary outcome will be physical function, usual and maximum gait speed with and without dual-task, and quality of life. All outcomes will be assessed at baseline and post-intervention (week 12).

Conclusion
This study will be the first clinical trial to examine the effects of different supervision levels on home-based exercises compared to supervised protocols. The results of this study will be essentials for planning coherent and viable home-based programs for older adults.

Trial registration
Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials. Number RBR- 7MZ2KR. https://apps.who.int/trialsearch/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=RBR-7mz2kr.
Correlations among age, sex, axial length, and subfoveal choroidal thickness in the choriocapillaris structure analyzed using multiple en face image averaging optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Ichioka Ai , Ooto Sotaro , Uji Akihito , Manabe Saki , Shiragami Chieko , Tsujikawa Akitaka 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
To analyze the structure of the choriocapillaris in healthy eyes by using averaged en face images acquired using swept source optical coherence tomography angiography and to examine the changes in the macular profile in relation to age, sex, axial length, and choroidal thickness.

Methods
This prospective, cross-sectional study included 81 eyes of 81 subjects without ophthalmologic or systemic diseases who underwent a full ophthalmologic examination, including 3 × 3-mm macular optical coherence tomography angiography. Four to nine choriocapillaris en face images were registered and averaged. The averaged images were then binarized and analyzed.

Results
The averaged choriocapillaris images showed a continuous capillary meshwork, whereas the unaveraged images had a granular appearance. The mean total area and size of flow voids were 0.99 ± 0.20 mm2 and 567.8 ± 201.5 μm2, respectively, and these values correlated positively with age (p = 0.002, R = 0.336 and p = 0.026, R = 0.247, respectively). Age-related gains in the mean total area and flow void size were 4.20 × 10−3 mm2 and 3.07 μm2 per year, respectively. However, the mean total area and flow void size had no significant correlation with axial length, subfoveal choroidal thickness, or sex.

Conclusions
Multiple averaged en face swept source optical coherence tomography angiography is more effective than a single optical coherence tomography angiography scan for better visualizing the choriocapillaris. The total area and size of flow voids within a 3 × 3-mm macular area positively correlated with age. This technique can be useful for investigating the changes arising in macular diseases.
Ketamine for critically ill patients with severe acute brain injury: Protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of randomised clinical trials
Authors: Madsen Frederik Andreas , Andreasen Trine Hjorslev , Lindschou Jane , Gluud Christian , Møller Kirsten 
Published: November 2021

Introduction
Intensive care for patients with severe acute brain injury aims both to treat the immediate consequences of the injury and to prevent and treat secondary brain injury to ensure a good functional outcome. Sedation may be used to facilitate mechanical ventilation, for treating agitation, and for controlling intracranial pressure. Ketamine is an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist with sedative, analgesic, and potentially neuroprotective properties. We describe a protocol for a systematic review of randomised clinical trials assessing the beneficial and harmful effects of ketamine for patients with severe acute brain injury.

Methods and analysis
We will systematically search international databases for randomised clinical trials, including CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, and trial registries. Two authors will independently review and select trials for inclusion, and extract data. We will compare ketamine by any regimen versus placebo, no intervention, or other sedatives or analgesics for patients with severe acute brain injury. The primary outcomes will be functional outcome at maximal follow up, quality of life, and serious adverse events. We will also assess secondary and exploratory outcomes. The extracted data will be analysed using Review Manager and Trials Sequential Analysis. Evidence certainty will be graded using GRADE.

Ethics and dissemination
The results of the systematic review will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication. With the review, we hope to inform future randomised clinical trials and improve clinical practice.

PROSPERO no
CRD42021210447.
Pilot randomised controlled trial of the Risk Acceptance Ladder (RAL) as a tool for targeting health communications
Authors: Perski Olga , Stevens Claire , West Robert , Shahab Lion 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundImproving adherence to self-protective behaviours is a public health priority. We aimed to assess the potential effectiveness and ease of use of an online version of the Risk Acceptance Ladder (RAL) in promoting help-seeking for cigarette smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, insufficient physical activity, or low fruit and vegetable consumption.Methods843 UK adults were recruited, of whom 602 engaged in at least one risky behaviour. Those with no immediate plans to change (n= 171) completed a behaviour specific RAL. Participants were randomised to one of two conditions; a short message congruent (on-target,n= 73) or incongruent (off-target,n= 98) with their RAL response. Performance of the RAL was assessed by participants’ ability to select an applicable RAL item and reported ease of use of the RAL. Effectiveness was assessed by whether or not participants clicked a link to receive information about changing their target behaviour.ResultsTwo thirds (68.9%, 95% CI = 61.8%-75.3%) of participants were able to select an applicable RAL item that corresponded to what they believed would need to change in order to alter their target behaviour, with 64.9% (95% CI = 57.5%-71.7%) reporting that it was easy to select one option. Compared with the off-target group, participants allocated to the on-target group had greater odds of clicking on the link to receive information (31.5% vs 19.4%; OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.01–4.26).ConclusionThe Risk Acceptance Ladder may have utility as a tool for tailoring messages to prompt initial steps to engaging in self-protective behaviours.
Malaria awareness of adults in high, moderate and low transmission settings: A cross-sectional study in rural East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia
Authors: Guntur Robertus Dole , Kingsley Jonathan , Islam Fakir M. Amirul 
Published: November 2021

Introduction
The 2009 Indonesian roadmap to malaria elimination indicated that the nation had been progressing towards achieving malaria elimination by 2030. Currently, most of the districts in the western part of Indonesia have eliminated malaria; however, none of the districts in the East Nusa Tenggara Province (ENTP) have met these set targets. This study aimed to investigate the status of malaria awareness of rural adults in the ENTP.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between October and December 2019 in high, moderate, and low malaria-endemic settings (MESs) in the ENTP. After obtaining informed consent, data were collected using an interviewer-administered structure questionnaire among 1503 participants recruited by a multi-stage cluster sampling method. A malaria awareness index was developed based on ten questions. A binary logistic regression method was applied to investigate the significance of any association between malaria awareness and the different MESs.

Results
The participation rate of the study was 99.5%. Of this number, 51.4% were female and 45.5% had completed primary education. The malaria awareness index was significantly low (48.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 45.2–52.4). Malaria awareness of rural adults residing in low endemic settings was two times higher than for those living in high endemic settings (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.81–3.21) and the basic malaria knowledge of participants living in low malaria-endemic settings was almost four times higher than that in high endemic settings (AOR: 3.75, 95% CI: 2.75–5.11). Of the total participants, 81.3% (95% CI: 79.1–83.5) were aware that malaria could be prevented and 75.1% (95% CI: 72.6–77.6) knew at least one prevention measure. Overall, the awareness of fever as the main symptom of malaria, mosquito bites as the transmission mode of malaria, and seeking treatment within 24 hours of suffering from malaria was poor at 37.9% (95% CI: 33.9–41.9), 59.1% (95% CI: 55.9–62.3), and 46.0% (95% CI: 42.3–49.7), respectively. The poor level of awareness was significantly different amongst the three MESs, with the lowest levels of awareness in the high endemic setting.

Conclusion
Malaria awareness of rural adults needs to be improved to address Indonesia’s national roadmap for malaria elimination. Results indicated that public health programs at a local government level should incorporate the malaria awareness index in their key strategic intervention to address malaria awareness.
Assigning Guilt and Dispersing Blame: Conspiracy Discourse and the Limits of Law in the Nuremberg Trials
Authors: Niebauer Allison Morris 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis essay investigates how Allied postwar planners sought to overcome a set of legal, political, and pragmatic problems in the punishment of Nazi perpetrators by turning to conspiracy law. In doing so, they sought to glean the rhetorical benefits of conspiracy discourse and argument but were largely thwarted due to the specialized burdens of proof required by law. Here, I suggest that while everyday uses of conspiracy discourse can overcome the problem of assigning individual guilt in the midst of dispersed and collective criminality due to its low burdens of proof, the heart of the Western legal tradition—the fault principle—stymies the effectiveness of conspiracy law as a charge. Despite its relative inefficacy, conspiracy law has had a significant legacy in shaping postwar understandings of World War II and in providing a precedent to hold perpetrators accountable in recent postconflict trials. The continued usage of conspiracy law, despite its shortcomings, points to the limits of legal solutions in the wake of mass atrocities and the need for creative mechanisms for dealing with perceptions of individual and collective guilt.
Fiatal fogyasztók evési magatartásának és önkontrolljának vizsgálata az egészségtudatos magatartás tükrében
Authors: Krisztik-Pető Dalma 
Published: November 2021

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA
A nem megfelelő táplálkozás számos betegség forrása lehet, melyek kezelése hatalmas gazdasági terhet jelent az egészségügy számára. A jelenlegi egészségügyi rendszer a betegségek kezelésére fókuszál, azonban a megelőzéssel hatalmas összegeket lehetne megtakarítani társadalmi és egyéni szinten is. Az egészségtudatos táplálkozás tulajdonképpen megfelelő ételek választását jelenti, az ettől eltérő evési magatartás gyakran a tájékozottság hiányából fakad. A fiatal korosztály egészségtudatos táplálkozásának vizsgálata kiemelt jelentőséggel bír, hiszen ők lesznek a jövő munkavállalói és fogyasztói. Kutatásunkban arra keressük a választ, hogy milyen összefüggés fedezhető fel 18-23 éves fiatalok önkontrollja és evési magatartása között. Célunk, hogy olyan összefüggésekre világítsunk rá, melyek egy egészségmegőrző kampány alapjául szolgálhatnak.
ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN
A kérdés megválaszolására kérdőíves kutatást végeztünk, melynek alapját Tangney–Baumeister–Boone önkontroll skálája, valamint a Holland Evési Magatartás kérdőív (DEBQ) adta. A mintánkba 529, 18 és 23 év közötti egyetemista került. Elemzéseink során faktoranalízist használtunk.
LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK
Eredményeink azt mutatják, hogy a gyenge önkontrollal rendelkező egyénekre sokkal inkább jellemző, az érzelmek hatására történő valamint a külső hatásra történő evés, azaz ők fokozott negatív vagy pozitív érzelmek hatására több ételt fogyasztanak, valamint ha meglátnak egy számukra kívánatos ételt, akkor azt elfogyasztják, függetlenül attól, hogy éppen éhesek-e. Ezzel szemben az étkezés visszafogása nem jellemző rájuk. Az erős önkontrollal rendelkezőkre sem az érzelmek, sem a gusztusos ételek nincsenek hatással, rájuk a leginkább jellemző a visszafogott evés.
GYAKORLATI JAVASLATOK
Eredményeink hasznosak lehetnek az elhízás megelőzését célzó kampányok szempontjából. Véleményünk szerint érdemes lenne a prevenciós üzeneteket differenciáltan megfogalmazni, ezáltal a különböző evési magatartású egyénekhez célzottan szólni. Fontos eleme kell, hogy legyen továbbá az üzeneteknek az önkontroll jelentőségére való utalás.
Köszönetnyilvánítás: A kutatás az EFOP-3.6.1-16-2016-00008;” Intelligens élettudományi technológiák, módszertanok, alkalmazások fejlesztése és innovatív folyamatok, szolgáltatások kialakítása a szegedi tudásbázisra építve 2” c. pályázat finanszírozásával valósult meg.
Online marketing lehetőségek és kihívások az autószerelők piacán
Authors: Kurucz Attila , Pete Dorottya , Keller Veronika 
Published: November 2021

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA
Jelen kutatás célja a szolgáltatószektorban működő hazai autószerelő és –javító vállalkozások online megjelenésének feltérképezése. Az autószereléssel kapcsolatos szavak keresési találatainak köszönhetően elérhető honlapok elemzése tartalom, design és felhasználói tapasztalat (UX) szempontjából. További cél a honlap létrejötte és a vizuális design közötti, az oldalak információtartalma és a hirdetett szavak száma közötti, valamint a weboldalak nyitó oldalának típusa és a hirdetés tárgya közötti összefüggések feltárása.
ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN
A gépjárműjavítással, szervízeléssel kapcsolatban 100 kulcsszót gyűjtöttünk össze és a Google Ads hirdetések hatására elért weboldalakat (88) kvalitatív szempontok - a link nyitóoldala, a hirdetés tárgya, reszponzívitás, sütik használata, design, tartalom, UX - szerint elemeztük. Majd kvantitatív tartalomelemzés segítségével ismertettük a kutatási eredményeket. A keresések (lekérdezések) módszerét standardizáltuk - lokalizációhoz, időszakokhoz és hálózathoz (ugyanaz az IP cím) kötöttük -, hogy az összevetés releváns maradjon.
LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK, ÚJDONSÁGOK
A weboldalak 65%-a minden szempontnak megfelelt, azaz egységes volt a színvilága, a vizuális elemeket jól alkalmazta, illetve megfelelő mennyiségű információt tartalmazott. Minél több információval van ellátva egy honlap, annál több kifejezésre van lehetősége a vállalatnak hirdetni. A Google algoritmusa figyelembe veszi a releváns tartalmakat, ami az organikus, és a fizetett elérések szempontjából is magasabb minőséget nyújt.
GYAKORLATI JAVASLATOK
A kutatás eredményei hasznosak lehetnek a KKV szektor számára, különösen a gépjárműszervízeléssel foglalkozó cégeknek. A hazai KKV szektornak érdemes figyelemmel kísérni az aktuális online marketing trendeket és a változó fogyasztói igényeket, elvárásokat, hiszen a jól átgondolt, arculati elemekhez illeszkedő, kellően informatív ugyanakkor kreatív elemekben bővelkedő honlap és a tudatos keresőmarketing tevékenység hozzájárul a versenyelőny megszerzéséhez.
Development of prediction model of steel fiber-reinforced concrete compressive strength using random forest algorithm combined with hyperparameter tuning and k-fold cross-validation
Authors: Al-Abdaly Nadia Moneem , Al-Taai Salwa R. , Imran Hamza , Ibrahim Majed 
Published: November 2021

Because of the incorporation of discontinuous fibers, steel fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) outperforms regular concrete. However, due to its complexity and limited available data, the development of SFRC strength prediction techniques is still in its infancy when compared to that of standard concrete. In this paper, the compressive strength of steel fiber-reinforced concrete was predicted from different variables using the Random forest model. Case studies of 133 samples were used for this aim. To design and validate the models, we generated training and testing datasets. The proposed models were developed using ten important material parameters for steel fiber-reinforced concrete characterization. To minimize training and testing split bias, the approach used in this study was validated using the 10-fold Cross-Validation procedure. To determine the optimal hyperparameters for the Random Forest algorithm, the Grid Search Cross-Validation approach was utilized. The root mean square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), and mean absolute error (MAE) between measured and estimated values were used to validate and compare the models. The prediction performance with RMSE=5.66, R2=0.88 and MAE=3.80 for the Random forest model. Compared with the traditional linear regression model, the outcomes showed that the Random forest model is able to produce enhanced predictive results of the compressive strength of steel fiber-reinforced concrete. The findings show that hyperparameter tuning with grid search and cross-validation is an efficient way to find the optimal parameters for the RF method. Also, RF produces good results and gives an alternate way for anticipating the compressive strength of SFRC
New insights into the pathological development of dyslipidemia in patients with hypothyroidism
Authors: Su Xin , Chen Xiang , Peng Hua , Song Jingjin , Wang Bin , Wu Xijie 
Published: November 2021

According to the previous reports, hypothyroidism has been shown to be strongly correlated with increased circulating concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG). Notably, thyroid hormones are confirmed to modulate the production, clearance, and transformation process of cholesterol within circulation of mammals. Moreover, emerging evidence suggests that the thyroid-stimulating hormone could also participate in modulating serum lipid metabolism independently of thyroid hormones, which further induces the pathological development of dyslipidemia. However, the underlying mechanism is still not fully elucidated. Recently, several research studies have demonstrated that the pathogenic progression of hypothyroidism-related dyslipidemia might be correlated with the decreased serum concentrations of thyroid hormones and the increased serum concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormones. Thus, this indicates that hypothyroidism could induce dyslipidemia and its related cardio-metabolic disorder diseases. In addition, several newly identified modulatory biomarkers, such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTLs), and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), might play an important role in the regulation of dyslipidemia induced by hypothyroidism. Furthermore, under the status of hypothyroidism, significantly dysfunctional HDL particles could also be observed. In the current review, we summarized the recent knowledge of the relationship between the development of hypothyroidism with dyslipidemia. We also discussed the updated understanding of the mechanisms whereby hypothyroidism induces the risk and the development of dyslipidemia and cardio-metabolic diseases.
Investigation of new gestagenic preparations for administration in obstetrics and gynecology
Authors: Korkhov V. V. , Lesik E. A. , Petrosyan М. А. 
Published: November 2021

The aim of our study was to investigate progestagenic and contraceptive activity of new synthetic compounds analogues of 17-hidroxyprogesterone in experiments.
It was showed, that new original steroid compounds has pronounced gestagenic effect and more active than such gestagens as utrogestan, duphaston, norgestrel and oth. According to the data the test substances in combination with estrogen induce high contraceptive activity.