bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on the Development of Green Packaging
Authors: Ji Xuanyu , Yang Menghui , Ma Ling , Yang Yuntong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
With the continuous development of world economy and science and technology, the logistics industry occupies more and more proportion in people’s daily production and life, but the pollution generated in each logistics link also increases. So the development of green logistics is already imminent. This paper focuses on the demand analysis of green packaging in logistics, and comparison, and finally proposes specific measures to develop green packaging. Through research, the development of green packaging should first pay attention to the choice of green materials, such as using recycling turnover boxes instead of cartons, electronic signatures to replace the original triple delivery slip. Secondly, the development of green packaging requires the joint efforts of all walks of society, including the government, enterprises and consumers.
Research on Hebei Province’s Iron and Steel Industry Transformation from the Perspective of Low-Carbon Economy
Authors: Han Yichang , Huo Qiuyue 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
With the gradual rise of a low-carbon economy, the continuous expansion of Hebei’s steel industry and the extensive development of enterprises have brought about a series of serious environmental problems. In this context, the transformation of Hebei’s steel industry is imperative. This article takes the perspective of low-carbon economy as an entry point to study the development of the iron and steel industry in Hebei Province. Based on the theory of low-carbon economy, by drawing on the research results of predecessors and searching for relevant industry data, it restores the development of the iron and steel industry in Hebei Province. The author builds an econometric model to analyze the reasons for the high energy consumption, high pollution, high emission and low benefit development characteristics of Hebei iron and steel industry, finds out the problems that hinder Hebei iron and steel industry from low-carbon transformation, and puts forward scientific suggestions for the development of Hebei iron and steel industry.
Study on wind damage grade model for eucalyptus plantation in Guangxi, China
Authors: Ni Ruiqiang , Wang Tingran , Qin Xiaorui , Zhao Xiyue , Hao Ming , Lu Fadian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Wind damage is one of the dominant natural disasters that have the greatest impact on the growth of plantations. However, little attention has been paid to the wind damage grade model. Based on eucalyptus plantations from national forest inventory data and field investigations in Guangxi, ten significant factors that are susceptible to wind damage were selected to perform multiple linear regression analysis on wind damage grade model. Through assessing the level of wind damage based on forest characteristic and site conditions, we aimed to reduce the loss of economic benefits caused by wind damage. The results showed that the age group of eucalyptus trees, slope, soil thickness, management grade, and total vegetation coverage had significant effects on the wind damage of eucalyptus trees in this area. Therefore, it is necessary to protect the vegetation coverage of forest land and to strengthen the management of forest land to improve the wind resistance of eucalyptus forests in the future.
Influence of different air supply parameters on indoor thermal comfort of upper air supply room
Authors: Xiang Pei , Dong Min , Huo Nengmeng , Xu Chuanliang , Yang Fengluan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The temperature field, velocity field and PMV evaluation indexes under different air supply parameters are calculated by using Airpack software to divide grids and carry out numerical simulation. The cloud maps of evaluation indexes for different air supply parameters are compared and analyzed. The result determines the optimal air supply parameters.
Study on Volatile Organic Compounds of Tree Species and the Influence on Ozone and Secondary Organic Aerosol
Authors: Xiao Yan , Meng-xuan He , Yi Guo , Yun Wang , Jing-jing Han , Quan-zhou Li 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) which offer high reactivity are important precursors for the formation of ozone (O3) and secondary organic aerosols (SOA), then leading to air pollution. In order to explore the potential correlation between BVOCs and O3 and SOA, and to screen out better tree species for urban greening, in this paper, 32 tree species were selected to carry out related experiments. The results showed that: hydrocarbons, alcohols, and aldehydes were significantly correlated with SOA generation, and ketone, ester, hydrocarbons and alcohols also showed significant relationship with O3. Analyzed by UPGMA cluster, Ailanthus altissima, Acer truncatum, Rhus typhina, Prunus cerasifera f. atropurpurea, Prunus persica f. Duplex and Cerasus serrulata var. lannesiana were found weak correlation with O3 and SOA generation, while Salix matsudana, Populus tomentosa and Salix matsudana f pendula were strongly related.
Research on “PPP+ABS” Management Model of Infrastructure Project Based on AHP and Entropy Method
Authors: Huo Qiuyue , Li Yuxuan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Infrastructure construction projects as an important part of social development, have effectively ensured the healthy development of society and promoted the improvement of the national economic level. In the context of the continuous innovation of the government’s investment and financing system, in order to optimize the construction of infrastructure projects, this paper creates a risk management evaluation model for infrastructure construction projects based on the “PPP+ABS” model, which is of great significance for promoting our country’s infrastructure construction projects to find financing methods that suit their own development.
Analysis on the treatment of VOC pollution hazards
Authors: Liu Chunhui 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper introduces the harm of VOCs, makes a more detailed demonstration and understanding on the governance of VOCs, and introduces the emission characteristics and governance technology of key industries in detail, so as to learn from the governance methods of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), briefly discusses the governance and comprehensive utilization, and truly governs VOCs from the source.
The Mechanism of Plant Resistance to Cadmium in Soil
Authors: Zheng Yingyi , Yang Huan , Han Mengxuan , You Shaohong , Jiang Pingping 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In recent years, soil heavy metal pollution has caused serious harm to human beings and the environment. Phytoremediation has become the main means of soil remediation because of its advantages such as low cost, obvious effect and low secondary pollution. In this paper, the status quo and harm of soil cadmium pollution in China and the mechanism of phytoremediation of cadmium were summarized.
Optimization of extraction of polyphenols from chestnut shell by response surface methodology
Authors: Li You , Fang Shuangjie , Hu Fuxia , Wang Fengqin , Zhou Changxin , Wang Zhaosheng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Chestnut shell is one of the main by-products in the chestnut processing, which contains abundant polyphenols, so it can be used as a source of polyphenols. In this study, using ethanol as the extraction solvent, the optimum extraction conditions of polyphenols from chestnut shell were determined by single factor experiment and response surface experiment: liquid-solid ratio of 39:1, extraction temperature of 74°C, extraction time of 91 min, ethanol concentration of 65%. Under these conditions, the extraction rate (ER) of polyphenols from chestnut shell was 6.09%. The results can assist in better exploitation of chestnut shell, which can not only reduce resource waste and environmental pollution, but also obtain economic benefits.
Endothelin-1 and Parameters of Systolic Blood Pressure in Hemodialysis
Authors: Singh Anika T , Mothi Suraj Sarvode , Li Ping , Sabbisetti Venkata , Waikar Sushrut S , Mc Causland Finnian R 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Hypertension is common in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Increased blood pressure (BP) variability, particularly higher and lower extremes, is associated with adverse outcomes. We explored the association of endothelin-1 (ET-1), a potent vasoconstrictor, with different BP parameters (pre-HD, intra-HD, and post-HD) during HD in a contemporary patient cohort.

METHODS
This study uses the DaVita Biorepository, a longitudinal prospective cohort study with quarterly collection of clinical data and biospecimens. Unadjusted and adjusted linear mixed effects regression models were fit to determine association of pre-HD ET-1 (log-transformed and quartiles) with HD-related systolic BP (SBP) parameters (pre-HD, nadir intra-HD, and post-HD). As ET-1 was measured at baseline, analyses were restricted to 1 year of follow-up.

RESULTS
Among 769 participants, mean age was 52 years, 42% were females, and 41% were Black. Mean pre-HD SBP was 152 (±28) mm Hg and mean ET-1 concentration was 2.3 (±1.2) ng/ml. In fully adjusted models, each unit increase in SD of log-transformed ET-1 was associated with a 2.7 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5, 4.0) mm Hg higher pre-SBP; 1.6 (95% CI 0.9, 2.3) mm Hg higher nadir SBP; and 2.0 (95% CI 1.1, 2.9) mm Hg higher post-SBP. Each SD increase in log-transformed ET-1 was associated with 21% higher odds of experiencing intradialytic hypertension (odds ratio 1.21; 95% CI 1.10–1.34).

CONCLUSIONS
Higher baseline ET-1 levels are independently associated with higher SBP and higher odds of intradialytic hypertension. These results highlight a potential role for ET-1 in BP control in HD patients and raise the possibility of ET-1 antagonism as a therapeutic target.
Evaluating a Topical Adjunctive Post Submental ATX-101 (Deoxycholic Acid) Injection for Improved Recovery: A Single-Center, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: Shridharani Sachin M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Optimizing postprocedural recovery and outcomes for patients is the aim for all physicians. TransFORM Body Treatment with TriHex Technology (TFB) is a topical product that aids in the elimination of fat particles created during procedures and the reduction of associated inflammation, thus speeding up postprocedure recovery time.

Objectives
Evaluation of postprocedural symptoms, signs, and healing following submental deoxycholic acid (DCA) injections in combination with TFB.

Methods
Participants received 2 treatments of submental DCA injections. Posttreatment 1, every participant received TFB to apply twice daily to the submental area. Follow-up visits included weeks 1, 2, and 4. After week 4, participants discontinued TFB for 30 days before the second treatment. At the second treatment visit, participants were randomized to receive either TFB or a bland moisturizer to apply twice daily with the same follow-up visits as posttreatment 1. Induration measurements, submental fullness grading, and standardized photography were captured at every visit. At all follow-up visits and before treatment 2, investigator assessments and participant assessments were completed.

Results
Posttreatment 2, investigator assessments of edema and induration decreased in participants using TFB at weeks 1 and 2 compared with the bland moisturizer. Induration measurements objectively showed a statistically significant reduction at week 2 (posttreatment 2) in participants using TFB compared with the bland moisturizer. Furthermore, participants reported less tenderness and soreness in the TFB group over the bland moisturizer.

Conclusions
Investigator assessments, participant query, and objective induration analyses have demonstrated that the use of TFB post DCA injections may reduce induration, edema, and discomfort associated with this procedure.

Level of Evidence: 2
A heterogeneous network embedding framework for predicting similarity-based drug-target interactions
Authors: An Qi , Yu Liang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Accurate prediction of drug-target interactions (DTIs) through biological data can reduce the time and economic cost of drug development. The prediction method of DTIs based on a similarity network is attracting increasing attention. Currently, many studies have focused on predicting DTIs. However, such approaches do not consider the features of drugs and targets in multiple networks or how to extract and merge them. In this study, we proposed a Network EmbeDding framework in mulTiPlex networks (NEDTP) to predict DTIs. NEDTP builds a similarity network of nodes based on 15 heterogeneous information networks. Next, we applied a random walk to extract the topology information of each node in the network and learn it as a low-dimensional vector. Finally, the Gradient Boosting Decision Tree model was constructed to complete the classification task. NEDTP achieved accurate results in DTI prediction, showing clear advantages over several state-of-the-art algorithms. The prediction of new DTIs was also verified from multiple perspectives. In addition, this study also proposes a reasonable model for the widespread negative sampling problem of DTI prediction, contributing new ideas to future research. Code and data are available at https://github.com/LiangYu-Xidian/NEDTP.
Pain and depression comorbidity causes asymmetric plasticity in the locus coeruleus neurons
Authors: Llorca-Torralba Meritxell , Camarena-Delgado Carmen , Suárez-Pereira Irene , Bravo Lidia , Mariscal Patricia , Garcia-Partida Jose Antonio , López-Martín Carolina , Wei Hong , Pertovaara Antti , Mico Juan Antonio , Berrocoso Esther 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThere is strong comorbidity between chronic pain and depression, although the neural circuits and mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear.By combining immunohistochemistry, tracing studies and western blotting, with the use of different DREADDS (designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs) and behavioural approaches in a rat model of neuropathic pain (chronic constriction injury), we explore how this comorbidity arises. To this end, we evaluated the time-dependent plasticity of noradrenergic locus coeruleus neurons relative to the site of injury: ipsilateral (LCipsi) or contralateral (LCcontra) locus coeruleus at three different time points: short (2 days), mid (7 days) and long term (30–35 days from nerve injury).Nerve injury led to sensorial hypersensitivity from the onset of injury, whereas depressive-like behaviour was only evident following long-term pain. Global chemogenetic blockade of the LCipsi system alone increased short-term pain sensitivity while the blockade of the LCipsi or LCcontra relieved pain-induced depression. The asymmetric contribution of locus coeruleus modules was also evident as neuropathy develops. Hence, chemogenetic blockade of the LCipsi→spinal cord projection, increased pain-related behaviours in the short term. However, this lateralized circuit is not universal as the bilateral chemogenetic inactivation of the locus coeruleus-rostral anterior cingulate cortex pathway or the intra-rostral anterior cingulate cortex antagonism of alpha1- and alpha2-adrenoreceptors reversed long-term pain-induced depression. Furthermore, chemogenetic locus coeruleus to spinal cord activation, mainly through LCipsi, reduced sensorial hypersensitivity irrespective of the time post-injury.Our results indicate that asymmetric activation of specific locus coeruleus modules promotes early restorative analgesia, as well as late depressive-like behaviour in chronic pain and depression comorbidity.
Electrophysiological Signatures of Hierarchical Learning
Authors: Liu Meng , Dong Wenshan , Qin Shaozheng , Verguts Tom , Chen Qi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Human perception and learning is thought to rely on a hierarchical generative model that is continuously updated via precision-weighted prediction errors (pwPEs). However, the neural basis of such cognitive process and how it unfolds during decision-making remain poorly understood. To investigate this question, we combined a hierarchical Bayesian model (i.e., Hierarchical Gaussian Filter [HGF]) with electroencephalography (EEG), while participants performed a probabilistic reversal learning task in alternatingly stable and volatile environments. Behaviorally, the HGF fitted significantly better than two control, nonhierarchical, models. Neurally, low-level and high-level pwPEs were independently encoded by the P300 component. Low-level pwPEs were reflected in the theta (4–8 Hz) frequency band, but high-level pwPEs were not. Furthermore, the expressions of high-level pwPEs were stronger for participants with better HGF fit. These results indicate that the brain employs hierarchical learning and encodes both low- and high-level learning signals separately and adaptively.
Post-stenting fractional flow reserve vs coronary angiography for optimization of percutaneous coronary intervention (TARGET-FFR)
Authors: Collison Damien , Didagelos Matthaios , Aetesam-ur-Rahman Muhammad , Copt Samuel , McDade Robert , McCartney Peter , Ford Thomas J , McClure John , Lindsay Mitchell , Shaukat Aadil , Rocchiccioli Paul , Brogan Richard , Watkins Stuart , McEntegart Margaret , Good Richard , Robertson Keith , O’Boyle Patrick , Davie Andrew , Khan Adnan , Hood Stuart , Eteiba Hany , Berry Colin , Oldroyd Keith G 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Aims
A fractional flow reserve (FFR) value ≥0.90 after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with a reduced risk of adverse cardiovascular events. TARGET-FFR is an investigator-initiated, single-centre, randomized controlled trial to determine the feasibility and efficacy of a post-PCI FFR-guided optimization strategy vs. standard coronary angiography in achieving final post-PCI FFR values ≥0.90.

Methods and results
After angiographically guided PCI, patients were randomized 1:1 to receive a physiology-guided incremental optimization strategy (PIOS) or a blinded coronary physiology assessment (control group). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with a final post-PCI FFR ≥0.90. Final FFR ≤0.80 was a prioritized secondary outcome. A total of 260 patients were randomized (131 to PIOS, 129 to control) and 68.1% of patients had an initial post-PCI FFR &lt;0.90. In the PIOS group, 30.5% underwent further intervention (stent post-dilation and/or additional stenting). There was no significant difference in the primary endpoint of the proportion of patients with final post-PCI FFR ≥0.90 between groups (PIOS minus control 10%, 95% confidence interval −1.84 to 21.91, P = 0.099). The proportion of patients with a final FFR ≤0.80 was significantly reduced when compared with the angiography-guided control group (−11.2%, 95% confidence interval −21.87 to −0.35], P = 0.045).

Conclusion
Over two-thirds of patients had a physiologically suboptimal result after angiography-guided PCI. An FFR-guided optimization strategy did not significantly increase the proportion of patients with a final FFR ≥0.90, but did reduce the proportion of patients with a final FFR ≤0.80.
Association between sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and risk of sudden cardiac death or ventricular arrhythmias: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Sfairopoulos Dimitrios , Zhang Nan , Wang Yueying , Chen Ziliang , Letsas Konstantinos P , Tse Gary , Li Guangping , Lip Gregory Y H , Liu Tong , Korantzopoulos Panagiotis 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Aims
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) and ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) are important causes of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), heart failure (HF), or chronic kidney disease (CKD). We evaluated the effect of sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on SCD and VAs in these patients.

Methods and results
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that enrolled patients with T2DM and/or HF and/or CKD comparing SGLT2i and placebo or active control. PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov were systematically searched until November 2020. A total of 19 RCTs with 55 ,590 participants were included. Sudden cardiac death events were reported in 9 RCTs (48 patients receiving SGLT2i and 57 placebo subjects). There was no significant association between SGLT2i therapy and SCD [risk ratio (RR) 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50–1.08; P = 0.12]. Ventricular arrhythmias were reported in 17 RCTs (126 patients receiving SGLT2i and 134 controls). SGLT2i therapy was not associated with a lower risk of VAs (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.66–1.06; P = 0.14). Besides the subgroup of low-dosage SGLT2i therapy that demonstrated decreased VAs compared to control (RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.25–0.82; P = 0.009), or to placebo (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.25–0.85; P = 0.01), further subgroup analysis did not demonstrate any significant differences.

Conclusion
SGLT2i therapy was not associated with an overall lower risk of SCD or VAs in patients with T2DM and/or HF and/or CKD. However, further research is needed since the number of SCD and VA events were relatively few leading to wide confidence intervals, and the point estimates suggested potential benefits.
Reconstructing the History of Variation in Effective Population Size along Phylogenies
Authors: Brevet Mathieu , Lartillot Nicolas 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The nearly neutral theory predicts specific relations between effective population size (Ne) and patterns of divergence and polymorphism, which depend on the shape of the distribution of fitness effects (DFE) of new mutations. However, testing these relations is not straightforward, owing to the difficulty in estimating Ne. Here, we introduce an integrative framework allowing for an explicit reconstruction of the phylogenetic history of Ne, thus leading to a quantitative test of the nearly neutral theory and an estimation of the allometric scaling of the ratios of nonsynonymous over synonymous polymorphism (πN/πS) and divergence (dN/dS) with respect to Ne. As an illustration, we applied our method to primates, for which the nearly neutral predictions were mostly verified. Under a purely nearly neutral model with a constant DFE across species, we find that the variation in πN/πS and dN/dS as a function of Ne is too large to be compatible with current estimates of the DFE based on site frequency spectra. The reconstructed history of Ne shows a 10-fold variation across primates. The mutation rate per generation u, also reconstructed over the tree by the method, varies over a 3-fold range and is negatively correlated with Ne. As a result of these opposing trends for Ne and u, variation in πS is intermediate, primarily driven by Ne but substantially influenced by u. Altogether, our integrative framework provides a quantitative assessment of the role of Ne and u in modulating patterns of genetic variation, while giving a synthetic picture of their history over the clade.