bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When Does Fertility End? The Timing of Tubal Ligations and Hysterectomies, and the Meaning of Menopause
Authors: Sievert Lynnette Leidy , Huicochea-Gómez Laura , Cahuich-Campos Diana , Morrison Lynn , Brown Daniel E. 
Published: May 2021

We applied a biocultural lens to examine the temporal order of biological, behavioral, and medical events related to fertility across the female reproductive lifespan in three sites, two in Mexico and one in the United States. Using a mixed-method design, we expanded our thinking about the end of fertility in order to examine the timing of hysterectomies and tubal ligations. We discovered that menopause is not the end of fertility for a surprisingly high number of women. Across the three sites, between 43% and 50% of women underwent tubal ligations at mean ages of 32 years (in Campeche, Mexico) and 33 years (Puebla, Mexico). In Puebla, 23% had a history of hysterectomy at a mean age of 42 years, similar to Hilo, Hawaii, where 20% had undergone a hysterectomy at a mean age of 40 years. We hypothesized that women who underwent tubal ligations would less frequently describe menopause as the end of fertility. This was true in Hilo, Hawaii, where women with a history of tubal ligation were almost half as likely to choose “loss of fertility” to describe menopause. However, in urban and rural Campeche, Mexico, there was no indication – from either quantitative or qualitative responses – that individuals with a history of tubal ligation or hysterectomy were less likely to describe menopause as the end of fertility.
RESPONSIVITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK DALAM PENGURUSAN SURAT IZIN USAHA PERDAGANGAN DI DINAS PENANAMAN MODAL DAN PELAYANAN TERPADU SATU PINTU (DPMPTSP) KABUPATEN SINJAI
Authors: Ismaniar Ismail  , Rukmana Novayanti Sopia 
Published: May 2021

Lahirnya pola pelayanan terpadu satu pintu merupakan salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk memberikan pelayanan yang prima (service excelent) terkait pembuatan SIUP. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui responsivitas pelayanan publik dalam pengurusan Surat Izin Usaha Perdagangan (SIUP) di Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu (DPMPTSP) Kabupaten Sinjai.
Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif, yaitu menjelaskan fenomena terkait responsivitas pengurusan SIUP. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan wawancara mendalam dengan key informan. Pengolahan dan analisis data dilakukan melalui reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi hasil penelitian.
Berdasarkan penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa responsivitas pelayanan publik dalam pengurusan SIUP di DPMPTSP Kabupaten Sinjai sudah berjalan dengan baik. Hal ini dapat tergambar dengan jelas dari hasil observasi terhadap 6 indikator responsivitas, yakni kemampuan merespon masyarakat, kecepatan melayani, ketepatan melayani, kecermatan, ketepatan waktu, dan kemampuan menanggapi keluhan/aduan dari masyarakat. Namun, tak dapat dipungkiri, ada faktor penghambat yang menjadi kendala dalam proses penerbitans surat izin usaha perdagangan, yakni komunikasi antara aparatur dengan pemohon izin usaha serta lokasi usaha pemohon yang cenderung jauh untuk dijangkau.
O obecności tłumacza
Authors: Tabakowska Elżbieta 
Published: May 2021

The following text concentrates on the presence of the translator, who plays a multitude of roles in the life of translatology, e.g. “transparent glass” or “efficient interface,” depending on the perspective. The translator, currently seen as an object of analysis by theorists of translation, is treated as a person entitled to make decisions, conscious decisions, and who becomes a source whose translation may be interpreted. Due to the inevitability of the translator’s presence in the translated text, it is worth looking at the source text through the translator’s eyes and analyzing his or her decisions. The theoretical background of this article is Langacker’s model pertaining to the choice of linguistic means that convey the language-user’s intentions best; Lakoff’s theory of metaphors; and George Lüdi’s theory of marks left by the translator in the translated text. The analyzed texts have been taken from the different translations of the Bible such as: the Jakub Wujek Bible, New International Version, and the Millennium Bible. The analysis proves that the translator as a subject is a source of research whose direction has changed in the recent years.
Glottodydaktyka a przekład i dydaktyka przekładu: konkurencja czy synergia
Authors: Klimkowski Konrad 
Published: May 2021

From time immemorial, reflection upon foreign language learning has made regular reference to translation practice; translation would be regarded at times as supportive of language learning. A radical attempt to eradicate translation from the foreign language classroom comes no sooner than the 20th century. The Direct Method eliminates translation completely from its language pedagogic application, while the CLT seems to have always been rather hesitant to make reference to L1, and hence to utilize translation in developing language skills in L1 and L2. The historical outline of the relationship between language learning and translation serves only as a background for the main topic of the article, i.e. an elaboration on what this relation can look like in the future. The idea is to show areas of synergy between the two, areas in which translation activities can help language learners grow and function in globalized human communication.
Acoustic bat survey kiosk for public outreach and research
Authors: Notarianni Nicole , Zeyzus Julie , Chenger John , Haines Aaron 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The negative stereotypes and myths associated with bats can adversely affect efforts toward their conservation. A way to overcome these preconceived notions is through environmental education and public outreach. The goal of this project was to establish a system for monitoring bat activity at Hawk Mountain Sanctuary, with a component of environmental education included. This was accomplished through the establishment of a bat acoustic detector at Hawk Mountain Nature Center that was linked to a publicly accessible, interactive kiosk. The Hawk Mountain Bat Kiosk runs automated species identification software that compiles nightly bat activity into reports so that visitors can learn about the bat species that were present in the area the night before. The data were saved and analyses run to determine activity trends, indices of diversity, and species richness. We hope to establish additional kiosks to continue monitoring bats and provide public outreach for bat conservation education.
Élaboration du Gabarit d’évaluation de l’environnement des programmes : le cas d’une unité universitaire de formation continue au Québec
Authors: Betbeder Laüque Anne-Laure 
Published: May 2021

L’évaluation du contexte professionnel dans lequel s’inscrit un programme universitaire demeure un phénomène peu couvert par la littérature en éducation. Il n’en demeure pas moins que la pertinence sociale des programmes fait partie des critères d’évaluation au Québec (CREPUQ, 2004). Qu’en est-il des unités universitaires de formation continue qui offrent des formations professionnalisantes à des étudiants aux modes d’apprentissage non traditionnels ? Quel est le rôle du conseiller en évaluation de programme au sein de ces unités ? La démarche scientifique ayant servi d’assise à la conception d’un gabarit d’évaluation de l’environnement des programmes sera ici justifiée (Rossi, Lipsey et Freeman, 2003 ; Nadeau, 1988 ; Jorro, 2009 ; Scriven, 1996 ; Newcomer, Hatry et Wholey, 2015). Cet outil vise l’aide à la prise de décision (Dubois et Marceau, 2005) et à l’amélioration continue des programmes par voie d’une évaluation formative (Scriven, 19961 ; Rossi et al., 2003 ; Newcomer et al., 2015). Il sera également fait mention des critères d’évaluation retenus afin de mesurer l’écart entre la formation offerte et les attentes des milieux (savoir, savoir-faire, savoir-être, savoir-devenir et normes professionnelles).
Éducation à l’autonomie et minimalisme moral
Authors: Foray Philippe 
Published: May 2021

Cet article a pour objet d’évaluer la pertinence, autrement dit l’intérêt et les limites, du minimalisme moral dans le domaine éducatif, minimalisme développé par le philosophe français Ruwen Ogien. Partant du fait du « pluralisme raisonnable » (J. Rawls), Ogien soutient que le développement de l’autonomie individuelle est une traduction correcte de ce minimalisme. Mais dans l’éducation, ce dernier se heurte à des limites fortes : l’obligation qui s’impose aux parents et à la société d’éduquer les enfants, et aussi l’existence d’une culture sociétale (en particulier capitaliste) qui impose aux personnes des hiérarchisations sociales, des choix et des préférences. Dans ce contexte, la responsabilité éducative ne peut pas être minimale : éduquer, c’est toujours pour l’adulte vouloir exercer une influence.
Lines Drawn in Blood: A Comparative Perspective on the Accommodation of Blended Families in Succession Law
Authors: Cárdenas Laura 
Published: May 2021

Blended families, created by the coupling of individuals with children who are not common to both spouses, are not new to Canadian society. Yet, Canadian legal systems still struggle to find ways of accounting for their specificities in various legal regimes. This article focuses on the way laws on inheritance treat blended families: whether a stepchild can inherit, upon intestacy, from the father they grew up with if he is not listed on their birth certificate; whether, as intended, the child of one of the spouses really receives their parent’s full estate if this parent predeceases their spouse; whether an intestate’s younger “half-sister” receives as much as an estranged older sibling. I take a comparative approach to these questions, critically analyzing laws across Canada, France, England, and Scotland to discuss the strengths and shortcomings of various legislative approaches.
My findings indicate that while blended families create new relationships that are inexistent in the nuclear family, the template for succession laws across the world remains the nuclear family. Yet, even the simple parental relationship, when placed in the unique framework of a blended family, functions differently in this context and can lead to the rerouting of a deceased’s inheritance. This in-depth look at the interplay of blended families and contemporary succession laws, their origins, and purposes allows me to evaluate whether Canadian laws are accomplishing their goals when it comes to blended families. I find that our laws on inheritance often fail to accommodate the specificity of blended families, and suggest a reframing of the way we approach inheritance so as to foster their inclusion.
Paris and the Parasite
Authors: Smith Macs 
Published: May 2021

The social consequences of anti-parasitic urbanism, as efforts to expunge noise and biological parasites penalize those viewed as social parasites.
According to French philosopher Michel Serres, ordered systems are founded on the pathologization of parasites, which can never be fully expelled. In Paris and the Parasite, Macs Smith extends Serres's approach to Paris as a mediatic city, asking what organisms, people, and forms of interference constitute its parasites. Drawing on French poststructuralist theory and philosophy, media theory, the philosophy of science, and an array of literary and cultural sources, he examines Paris and its parasites from the early nineteenth century to today, focusing on the contemporary city. In so doing, he reveals the social consequences of anti-parasitic urbanism.
Smith examines how media shape the design and experience of urban space, as well as how the city passes through layers of mediation. He asks what constitutes noise within a media city. Paris's municipal government views acoustic noise as a public health threat and calls for its elimination. But the government's proposals focus on reducing automobile traffic, making it harder for marginalized people to access the city. Thus, a push to eliminate a supposedly biological parasite banishes the so-called social parasites. Questioning the informatic ideologies undergirding modern urbanism, Smith shows both how this anti-parasitic urbanism works and how the banished outsiders noisily intervene, despite their exclusion from the centers of power. The expulsion of social, biological, and mediatic parasites is a governing theme of modern Paris, yet its parasites continually resurge. What is ultimately at stake is how we understand collective life.
Shiftwork, functional bowel symptoms, and the microbiome
Authors: Rogers Ann E. , Hu Yi-Juan , Yue Ye , Wissel Emily F. , Petit III Robert A. , Jarrett Simone , Christie Jennifer , Read Timothy D. 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundThere are about 15 million Americans working full-time on evening, night, or rotating shifts. Between 48% and 81.9% of those working rotating or night shifts report abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea and other symptoms of functional bowel disorders. The basis for this high prevalence of functional bowel disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), among shift workers is unknown. Animal studies, however, suggest that circadian disruption, similar to that in shift workers, may contribute to the development of GI complaints among shift workers by altering the composition and normal diurnal rhythmicity of the resident intestinal microbes. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine if there were differences in (1) composition and diversity of the microbiome of night shift workers compared to day shift workers; and (2) the composition and diversity of the microbiome among shift workers experiencing functional bowel symptoms compared to shift workers who did not experience functional bowel symptoms.MethodsFifty-one full time staff nurses who worked either 12-hour day or night shifts completed demographic information, and the Rome III IBS module. They also collected two samples of gut microbiota before the beginning and at the end of their last work shift on day 14, using validated field-tested methods consistent with the Human Microbiome Project. After DNA extraction, 16S rRNA sequencing and assignment to the genus level was completed, samples were then compared to determine if there were (1) differences in the diversity and profile of the microbiome by shift type; (2) if there were differences in the microbiome by time of day for collection; and (3) whether there were differences in the diversity and profile of the microbiome of nurses with IBS and those without IBS.ResultsThere were no differences in alpha or beta diversity of gut microbiota when specimens from day and night shift nurses were compared. There were however marginal differences in beta diversity when specimens collected at the beginning and end of the shifts were compared, with seven OTUs being differentially abundant when collected from day shift workers in the evening. There were also three OTUs to be differentially abundant in participants reporting IBS symptoms.
Microbial Reduction Potential of Chlorine and its Contribution to Incidence of Stress Response Genes in Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Olowe Busayo Mutiat , Adelegan Olufunke 
Published: May 2021

Background: The quest for potability of drinking water in various homes led to the widely use of chlorine or chlorine compound in treatment of water. Which however has contributed to increasing incidences of antibiotic resistance in the environment.
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the microbial reduction potential and contribution of Sodium hypochlorite, NaOCl, to incidence of stress response genes in antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Study Design: Experimental Design was adopted in this study
Place and Duration of the Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ekiti State University between October, 2019 and February, 2020.
Methodology: Sixteen (16) different water samples were randomly collected from various homes in Ajilosun, Ado-Ekiti and were chlorinated following manufacturer’s instruction. Microbial load of both raw and chlorinated water was determined using standard pour plate technique. Standard streaking method was used to isolate bacteria from chlorinated water samples. Standard CLSI technique was used to test the sensitivity of isolates to different antibiotics and PCR technique was employed to detect stress response genes (RpoS, RpoN, KatF genes) in multiple antibiotic-resistant bacterial isolates.
Results: The result showed 24% and 52% reduction in the microbial load of well and pipe-borne water samples respectively following treatment with NaOCl for 180 sec. The different identified bacterial isolates recovered from chlorinated water samples included Enterobacter aerogenes (7.14 %), Proteus vulgaris (10.71 %), Escherichia coli (25 %), Bacillus cereus (32.14 %), Bacillus licheniformis (14.29 %) and Staphylococcus aureus (10.70 %). The bacterial isolates demonstrated varying resistance pattern to the different antibiotics. RpoS, RpoN and KatF genes encoding stress responses were detected in some of the tested antibiotic-resistant isolates.
Conclusion: The study therefore stresses the importance of chlorination in contributing to increasing incidence of resistance of bacteria to stressors in the environment. Hence, subverting chlorination efficacy in treatment of water.
Impact of Auxins on Rooting and Establishment of Seedless Lemon (Citrus limonL. Burm.) Air-layers for Successful Propagation
Authors: Rathour Shubham Singh , Tomar K. S. , Poonam . , Bhadoriya Shubham , Katoriya R. S. 
Published: May 2021

Study Design: Randomized Block Design.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, RVSKVV, Gwalior, MP between 2018 - 2019.
Methodology:In 2018-19 the study conducted amidst rainy season and Gird agro-climatic context of Madhya Pradesh to evaluate the effect of phytohormones on rooting and establishment of seedless lemon air layers. Experiment consisting nine treatments replicated three times under Randomized Block Design. Treatments comprising of two plant hormones namely IBA and NAA each with four concentration levels i.e. 1250, 2500, 3750 and 5000ppm including control. Plants age were seven years.
Results:The results revealed maximal rooting percentage (92.00), number of primary roots (22.72) and secondary roots (49.97), length of primary roots (5.05 cm) and secondary roots (2.25 cm), diameter of primary roots (1.68 mm) and secondary roots (0.84 mm) and dry weight of roots (2.32g) and planted air-layers (89.21 %) were recorded with application of IBA @ 5000ppm.
Conclusion:Indole-3-butyric acid performed better than naphthalene acetic acid for promoting rooting and establishment in seedless lemon air-layers. Application of IBA @ 5000ppm significantly increased rooting characters followed by NAA @5000ppm for better establishment of Lemon air layers for its propagation.
Pesticide exposure and adverse health effects associated with farmwork in Northern Thailand
Authors: Forté Chanese A , Colacino Justin , Polemi Katelyn , Guytingco Andrea , Peraino Nicholas J , Jindaphong Siripond , Kaviya Tharinya , Westrick Judy , Neitzel Richard , Nambunmee Kowit 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To assess pesticide exposure and understand the resultant health effects of agricultural workers in Northern Thailand.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. We quantified exposure to pesticides, including chlorpyrifos, methomyl, and metalaxyl, by air sampling and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. We estimated differences in self-reported health outcomes, complete blood counts, cholinesterase activity, and serum/urine calcium and creatinine concentrations at baseline between farmworkers and comparison workers, and after pesticide spraying in farmworkers only.

Results
This study included 97 men between the ages of 22 and 76 years; 70 were conventional farmworkers; and 27 did not report any prior farmwork or pesticide spraying. None of the farmworkers wore standardized personal protective equipment (PPE) for the concentrated chemicals they were working with. Methomyl (8.4-13 481.9 ng/m3), ethyl chlorpyrifos (11.6-67 759 ng/m3), and metalaxyl (13.9-41 191.3 ng/m3) were detected via personal air sampling. When it came to reporting confidence in the ability to handle personal problems, only 43% of farmworkers reported feeling confident, which reflects higher stress levels in comparison to 78% of comparison workers (P = .028). Farmworkers also had significantly lower monocyte counts (P = .01), serum calcium (P = .01), red blood count (P = .01), white blood cell count (P = .04), and butyrylcholinesterase activity (P &lt; .0001), relative to comparison workers. After adjusting for body mass index (BMI), age, and smoking, methomyl air concentrations were associated with a decrease in farmworker acetylcholinesterase activity (beta = −0.327, P = .016).

Conclusions
This population of farmworkers had significant alterations in stress measures and clinical biomarkers, including decreased blood cell counts and cholinesterase activity, relative to matched controls. These changes are potentially linked to occupational pesticide exposures. Improving PPE use presents a likely route for preventive intervention in this population.
Early and late manifestations of neuropathy due to HSPB1 mutation in the Jewish Iranian population
Authors: Greenbaum Lior , Ben‐David Merav , Nikitin Vera , Gera Orna , Barel Ortal , Hersalis‐Eldar Adi , Shamash Jana , Shimshoviz Noam , Reznik‐Wolf Haike , Shohat Mordechai , Dominissini Dan , Pras Elon , Dori Amir 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveMutations in the HSPB1 gene are associated with a distal hereditary motor neuropathy type 2 (dHMN2) or Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease type 2F (CMT2F), usually with autosomal dominant inheritance. This study aimed to describe the phenotype of the HSPB1 c.407G>T (p.Arg136Leu) mutation at early and late stages of the disease course.MethodsWe identified this mutation (previously reported in patients from Italy) in a heterozygous state, among 14 individuals from eight families of Jewish Iranian descent. The clinical, electrophysiological and ultrasonographic features were evaluated during early (less than 5 years, N = 9) or late disease course (N = 5).ResultsThe majority of subjects were males with a mean age at onset of 43.4 years (range 21‐67). Common initial symptoms were gait imbalance, distal (often asymmetric) lower limb weakness and feet numbness. Neurological examination in early disease course showed distal lower extremity weakness in nearly all cases, and absent Achilles tendon reflex in about half. A minority had distal loss of pain, vibration or position sensation. These findings were more prevalent in late disease stage. Electrodiagnostic studies demonstrated a length‐dependent axonal motor neuropathy, with typical preferential involvement of the tibial nerve. Muscle ultrasound showed a corresponding length‐dependent increase of homogeneous echo‐intensity, most noticeably in the gastrocnemius. One patient had a dual diagnosis of CMT2F and CMT2W.InterpretationThe HSPB1 c.407G>G (p.Arg136Leu) mutation causes an adult‐onset, predominantly motor, axonal neuropathy in individuals of Jewish Iranian descent. Variable manifestations are noticed, and sensory involvement is more prominent in prolonged disease duration.