bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of postoperative physical exercise rehabilitation on cardiorespiratory fitness, functional capacity and quality of life in patients with colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer – a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Beyer Mailin , Bischoff Christian , Lässing Johannes , Gockel Ines , Falz Roberto 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The reduced cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and functional capacity following surgical procedures and during cancer treatments is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality among patients with cancer. We aimed to assess the impact of endurance and combined resistance exercise interventions during the postoperative rehabilitation period for patients with colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted in MEDLINE Pubmed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library until October 2023 for randomized controlled trials that assessed exercise interventions (aerobic/endurance; resistance or combined training) on postoperative patients with cancer. The trials evaluated the change in oxygen uptake (VO2max), six-minute walking distance (6MWD), quality of life (QoL), and fatigue.

Results
Twelve studies, including 1298 patients, were part of this systematic review, and ten studies were included in the meta-analysis. Postoperative exercise interventions led to improvements in CRF and functional capacity (VO2max: MD 1.46 ml/kg/min; 95%-CI 0.33, 2.58; p  = 0.01; 6MWD: MD 63.47 m; 95%-CI 28.18, 98.76; p = 0.0004, respectively) as well as QoL (0.91; 95%-CI 0.06, 1.76; p = 0.04). The quality of evidence was moderate to low.

Conclusion
Postoperative exercise interventions could effectively improve CRF, functional capacity and QoL as shown in this meta-analysis. However, there is a lack of high-quality trials with a higher number of participants examining the effects of postoperative exercise in patients with colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer. There is an obvious need for long-term, cancer-specific exercise therapies and their evaluation in cancer care.
Effect of D-amino acid metabolic enzyme deficiency on cancer development—diffuse large B-cell lymphoma onset and gene expression analyses in DASPO-knockout mice
Authors: Nakade Yusuke , Iwata Yasunori , Harada Kenichi , Sato Yasuharu , Mita Masashi , Hamase Kenji , Konno Ryuichi , Hayashi Mayo , Kobayashi Taku , Yamamura Yuta , Toyama Tadashi , Tajima Atsushi , Wada Takashi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe relationship between D-AA metabolic enzymes and cancer development remains unclear. We aimed to investigate this relationship using mice deficient in D-AA-related metabolic enzymes. We examined mice lacking these enzymes for approximately 900 days and the effects of altered D-AA metabolism on cancer development based on lifespan, pathological findings, and gene expression. The lifespan of female DASPO -knockout (DASPO−/−) mice was shorter than that of the other group mice; furthermore, these mice showed tumor-like masses in the liver, spleen, and small intestine. A pathological diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was made. RNA sequencing of the liver samples showed specific alterations in the expression of 71 genes in DASPO−/− mice compared with that in wild-type B6 mice; RGS 1, MTSS1, and SMARCD 1 were identified as DLBCL-related genes. Patients with DLBCL exhibiting low DASPO expression demonstrated a shorter survival period than those showing high expression. However, the role of DASPO in DLBCL development is unclear. Therefore, future research should focus on B cells. DASPO may serve as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer.
Graphical abstract
First recorded food-borne outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by enteroinvasive Escherichia coli serotype O8:H19 in Thailand
Authors: Okada Kazuhisa , Roobthaisong Amonrattana , Nakkarach Atchareeya , Hearn Suthida Muangnoicharoen , Saenharn Adirek , Naksen Lalada , Doung-Ngern Pawinee , Okada Pilailuk Akkapaiboon , Iida Tetsuya 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAn enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) outbreak affecting 154 individuals was identified among attendees at a wedding in Loei Province, Thailand. The median time to symptom onset was 18 h (range: 7–72 h). The epidemiological evidence suggested that larb-neua-dib (spicy minced raw beef salad) was the probable source of the outbreak. The O8:H19 isolates identified in this study closely resemble the O8:H19 strains from the United States and the United Kingdom, but not the O96:H19 strains from Europe. This is the first EIEC outbreak documented in Thailand. Complexities in identifying EIEC contribute to its underreporting.
The perception of plastic waste and composition of boathouse waste in floating villages on Tonlé Sap Lake, Cambodia
Authors: Habuer  , Fujiwara Takeshi , Vin Spoann , Chandara Phat , Tsukiji Makoto 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Villagers living on Tonlé Sap (TS) Lake have low incomes and no access to basic public services, such as waste management, domestic water, electricity, and health care. Knowledge of the villagers’ perceptions and the composition of the waste from their boathouses will contribute to constructing a waste collection system with community participation within the framework of waste prevention and reduction. This study surveyed residents living in boathouses in four floating villages on TS Lake, Cambodia, regarding their perceptions and boathouse waste composition to assess the status of plastic waste and the villagers’ environmental awareness and their willingness to participate in waste collection. The household waste survey sought to clarify the amount of plastic waste and other recyclable waste discharged from floating houses. The perception survey revealed that in the wet season, 36% of respondents disposed of plastic waste by open burning/dumping and 40% by discharge into TS Lake; in the dry season, 76% disposed of waste by open burning/dumping, and only 4% discharged waste into TS Lake. An analysis of the boathouse plastic waste composition showed that residents of the floating villages generated 40.21 g plastic waste/day/capita, which was much lower than 340 g/day/capita in the USA, 120 g/day/capita in China, and even 70 g/day/capita in Cambodian on average, but higher than the 10 g/day/capita in India. This study proposes a novel and valuable framework to estimate and determine the level of awareness of people in floating villages related to plastic pollution effects and waste components from boathouses. At the same time, the research results provide an essential scientific basis to be able to develop an effective waste collection system in the area of TS Lake. The proposed framework of this study will help the policy decision-makers in the TS Lake area and those in similar geographical regions facing similar problems.

Graphical Abstract
Facile characterization of molecular weight distribution of cellulose by gel permeation chromatography using a dimethyl sulfoxide solution containing 1% EmimOAc
Authors: Hashizume Tomohiro , Saito Kaori , Watanabe Takashi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Recently, various methods for cellulose dissolution without derivatization pretreatment have garnered attention for measuring the molecular weight of cellulose using gel permeation chromatography (GPC). However, conventional methods require complex pretreatment procedures or use substantial quantities of ionic liquids, which are expensive and exhibit high viscosities. Herein, we report a GPC method for the successful dissolution of cellulose in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) containing 1 wt% 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EmimOAc). The GPC method is simple, does not require special pretreatment steps, and dissolves cellulose at room temperature. Moreover, as the concentration of the ionic liquid was as low as 1 wt%, the method was robust at low pressures in the GPC system and had low operating costs for the ionic liquid. We demonstrate the applicability of this GPC method to various types of cellulose, including cotton, pulp, and rayon. The GPC profiles of EmimOAc/DMSO were comparable to those of the conventional GPC systems using lithium chloride/dimethyl acetamide in terms of the peak top molecular weight (and shoulder peak in the low-molecular-weight region). Therefore, this GPC method can contribute to the high-throughput evaluation of the molecular weights of native and regenerated cellulose.
A Qualitative Study of Center Director, Teacher, and Parent Input for Delivering a Virtual Early Childhood Mental Health Consultation Model in the Aftermath of COVID-19
Authors: St. George Sara M. , Howe Elizabeth , Velasquez Carolina , Iglesias Anais , Awojobi Tomilola T. , Agosto Yaray , Casas Alejandra , Bulotsky-Shearer Rebecca J. , Jent Jason F. , Natale Ruby A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGiven disruptions to early care and education following the COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to mitigate long-term impacts of the pandemic on child development among ethnic and racial minority children. Our team is implementing an early childhood mental health consultation (ECMHC) model, or a multi-tiered intervention to support young children’s social-emotional development, that utilizes mental health consultants to deliver a virtual toolkit to ethnically and racially diverse early care and education centers. Understanding the perspectives and ongoing needs of center directors, teachers, and parents is critical to intervention delivery. Between February and April 2023, 18 participants (n = 6 center directors, n = 6 teachers, n = 6 parents) across 12 early childcare centers completed individual interviews in English or Spanish. We used a rapid qualitative analysis to generate four themes related to participants’ perceived impact of COVID-19, including how it (1) exacerbated existing financial and administrative challenges, (2) increased their need for adaptability, (3) highlighted the importance of support for staff facing educational challenges during a public health emergency, and (4) highlighted the value of partnerships between parents and centers. We generated five additional themes specific to participants’ ongoing needs and suggestions, including (1) increased financial support, (2) outside behavioral support, (3) enhanced center staff self-care, (4) balancing in-person interaction with planned virtual delivery, and (5) use of existing smartphone applications for communication with parents. In addition to informing adaptations to our model, including expanding upon program pillars (e.g., expanding our safety planning pillar to include financial safety via linkages to community resources), these data may be used to inform the delivery of other ECMHC programs for diverse populations.
Highway systems: How good are they, really?
Authors: Chondrogiannis Theodoros , Grossniklaus Michael 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHighways play a crucial role in transportation services as they facilitate long-distance traveling and allow driving at an almost constant speed, thus resulting in lower fuel consumption and emissions. Many existing highway systems were designed before practical computational tools had been developed. Furthermore, most existing approaches to evaluating highways focus on analyzing mobility data rather than studying the design of the highway system. To address this gap in existing research, in this paper, we investigate the problem of evaluating the efficacy of the design of real-world highway systems. To this end, we propose two novel measures for the effectiveness of highway systems, along with both exact and heuristic algorithms to compute them. In addition, we present a first-cut heuristic algorithm that aims to compute a highway system that optimizes our proposed measures. In our experiments, we demonstrate the potential of our methods in measuring the efficacy of real-world highway systems. We also evaluate the performance of our heuristic algorithm in computing a rough design of an efficient highway system.
3-manifolds with constant Ricci eigenvalues $$(\lambda , \lambda , 0)$$
Authors: Brooks Thomas G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We consider complete Riemannian 3-manifolds whose Ricci tensors have constant eigenvalues

$$(\lambda , \lambda , 0)$$

(
λ
,
λ
,
0
)

. When

$$\pi _1$$

π
1

is finitely generated, we classify the topology of such manifolds by showing that they have a free fundamental group if non-trivial and that every free group is obtained. We give a description up to isometry when the metric is locally irreducible or when it is analytic.
White Dwarf envelops and temperature corrections in exponential f(T) gravity
Authors: Farrugia Gabriel , Gafa’ Carlos , Levi Said Jackson 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Compact stars have long served as a test bed of gravitational models and their coupling with stellar matter. In this work, we explore the behavior of an exponential model in f(T) gravity through the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation. This is performed for different envelope thicknesses. Finally, constraints on the models parameters are obtained, which are comparable to the results obtained using cosmological survey data. This consistency across the strong astrophysical and weak cosmological scales shows reasonable viability of the underlying model.
Unveiling Neolithic Economic Behavior: A Novel Approach to Chert Procurement at Çukuriçi Höyük, Western Anatolia
Authors: Brandl Michael , Martinez Maria M. , Hauzenberger Christoph , Filzmoser Peter , Milić Bogdana , Horejs Barbara 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe expansion of the Neolithic way of life triggered the most profound changes in peoples’ socioeconomic behaviors, including how critical resources for everyday life were managed. Recent research spearheaded by ancient DNA analysis has greatly contributed to our understanding of the main direction of Neolithisation spreading from western Anatolia into central Europe. Due to the diverse processes involved in Neolithisation, which resulted in a high diversity of regional and local phenomena, the underlying mechanisms of these developments are still largely unexplored. One of these mechanisms is economic behavior and resource management. Neolithic economic behavior is the result of social processes involving the physical actions of the procurement, processing, use, discard, and distribution of raw materials as well as finished products for utilitarian needs and to create and maintain social relations. Within this continuum, the key for tracing meaningful behavioral patterns is the identification of raw material procurement. Since stone tools are among the most ubiquitous and stable finds at Neolithic sites, they are ideally suited for this endeavor. Here, we present the results of a case study from the Neolithic site of Çukuriçi Höyük in western Anatolia tracing lithic raw material procurement. We employ a novel approach using geochemical provenance analyses coupled with quantitative technological and econometric methods. The key finding of this diachronic study covering almost 700 years revealed patterns of socioeconomic dynamics undetectable through conventional analytical approaches. We demonstrate that technological concepts fluctuate over time and are subject to innovations, whereas raw material procurement remains a stable element.
A Regularity Theory for Evolution Equations with Time-measurable Pseudo-differential Operators in Weighted Mixed-norm Sobolev-Lipschitz Spaces
Authors: Choi Jae-Hwan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the existence, uniqueness, and regularity of solutions to evolution equations with time-measurable pseudo-differential operators in weighted mixed-norm Sobolev-Lipschitz spaces. We also explore trace embedding and continuity of solutions.
A generalized condition of Clebsch under weak normality assumptions
Authors: Rosenblueth Javier F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFor unconstrained problems in the calculus of variations, the condition of Legendre is a second order necessary condition for optimality which has played a crucial role in the theory. In the presence of equality constraints, it is commonly called the condition of Clebsch. In this paper, this condition is generalized for problems with equality and inequality constraints under normality assumptions weaker than the standard assumptions found in the literature.
Influence of heat treatment and hot rolling on the microstructure and texture development of the Mg–Dy–Nd–Zn–Zr alloy Resoloy®
Authors: Ueberschär Franziska , Kittner Kristina , Ullmann Madlen , Prahl Ulrich 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the influence of heat treatment and hot rolling on the microstructure and texture development of the magnesium alloy Resoloy®, which was specifically designed for biomedical applications. The alloy was subjected to various heat treatment conditions (375 °C to 500 °C for 15 min to 6 h) and subsequently hot-rolled at equivalent strains ranging from 0.23 to 0.75 and equivalent strain rates from 24 to 183 s⁻1. Suitable preparation for hot rolling was achieved with heat treatment at 500 °C for 2 h, which facilitated reduced hardening and minimized crack formation at higher strains and strain rates. Microstructural analysis revealed the presence of lamellar long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) phases, twins, and kinking bands. While clear evidence of recrystallized grains is lacking, indications of continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX), twinning-induced dynamic recrystallization (TDRX), particle stimulated nucleation (PSN) and kink-aided dynamic recrystallization (KDRX) as the primary recrystallisation mechanisms are observed as well as the influence of the precipitated LPSO phase. Whilst the 18R phase seems to propagate dynamic recrystallisation, the 14H phase seems to hinder it. Texture analysis indicated a reduction in maximum intensity and the activation of non-basal slip systems during hot rolling. Heat treatments between 375 and 500 °C led to slight hardness increases, while prolonged treatment at 500 °C reduced hardness due to precipitate dissolution. Hot rolling further enhanced hardness, especially with the formation of the 14H phase, which supports grain boundary strengthening.
Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis of the Upper Extremity in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Oji Nnaoma M. , Sabatini Coleen S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
For pediatric osteomyelitis and septic arthritis, 10–24% of cases occur in the upper extremity (UE). Due to delays in presentation and diagnosis, UE infections are often more complex and severe than infections of the lower extremity (LE). This review evaluates the literature from the past 6 years related to pediatric osteomyelitis and septic arthritis of the UE and provides a guide for professionals managing these conditions in children.

Recent Findings
The shoulder and elbow are the most commonly affected joints, and the humerus is the most commonly affected bone. As with the LE, diagnosis of UE osteoarticular infections is based on clinical evidence, laboratory data, and diagnostic imaging. While Staphylococcus aureus is the primary bacteria identified in UE infections, there is an underappreciation of the burden from Kingella kingae as a causative organism in culture-negative patients where PCR is not performed. Septic joints should be treated with irrigation and debridement urgently, with subsequent antibiotic therapy for a minimum of 2–4 weeks. For acute osteomyelitis without abscess or concomitant septic joints, antibiotic therapy is standard of care. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is associated with more severe infection requiring more surgeries. Various strategies exist for managing segmental bone loss in chronic osteoarticular infections.

Summary
Osteomyelitis and septic arthritis tend to occur less frequently in the UE than the LE but have a devastating impact on the health and quality of life of children around the world. Complete resolution of disease can be achieved through an individualized approach to antibiotic and operative management. Further study is needed to assess the efficacy of aspiration as a primary treatment strategy in UE joints.
A Novel Depth-Connected Region-Based Convolutional Neural Network for Small Defect Detection in Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Wang Yiming , Wang Zidong , Liu Weibo , Zeng Nianyin , Lauria Stanislao , Prieto Camilo , Sikström Fredrik , Yu Hui , Liu Xiaohui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDefect detection on the computed tomography (CT) images plays an important role in the development of metallic additive manufacturing (AM). Although some deep learning techniques have been adopted in the CT image-based defect detection problem, it is still a challenging task to accurately detect small-size defects in the presence of undesirable noises. In this paper, a novel defect detection method, namely, the depth-connected region-based convolutional neural network (DC-RCNN), is proposed to detect small defects and reduce the influence of noises. In particular, a saliency-guided region proposal method is first developed to generate small-size region proposals with the aim to accommodate the small defects. Then, the main architecture of DC-RCNN is proposed to extract and connect the consistent features across multiple frames, thereby reducing the influence of randomly distributed noises. Moreover, the transfer learning technique is utilized to improve the generalization ability of the proposed DC-RCNN. In order to verify the effectiveness and superiority, the proposed method is applied to the real-world AM data for defect detection. The experimental validations show that the proposed DC-RCNN is able to detect the small-size defects under noises and outperforms the original RCNN method in terms of detection accuracy and running time.
Conversion of cropland monoculture to agroforestry increases methane uptake
Authors: Shao Guodong , Martinson Guntars O. , Corre Marife D. , Luo Jie , Niu Dan , Veldkamp Edzo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn temperate Europe, agroforestry practice is gaining interest due to its potential to enhance carbon (C) sequestration and mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in agriculture. To date, the effects of agroforestry on the spatial and temporal dynamics of soil carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) fluxes are still poorly quantified. Here we present a systematic comparison of soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes between agroforestry and monoculture cropland systems for the first time, based on two-year field measurements at three sites on different soils in Germany. Each site had an adjacent alley cropping agroforestry system and monoculture, and the agroforestry was established on former monoculture croplands 1 to 11 years prior to this study. We found that area-weighted soil CO2 emissions from agroforestry (3.5−8.1 Mg C ha−1 yr−1) were comparable to monocultures (3.4−9.8 Mg C ha−1 yr−1), whereas area-weighted agroforestry generally had higher soil CH4 uptake (0.4−1.3 kg C ha−1 yr−1) compared to monocultures (0.1−1.2 kg C ha−1 yr−1). Seasonal variations of soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes were strongly regulated by soil temperature and moisture, and the spatial variations were influenced by soil texture. Our results suggest that conversion of monoculture cropland to long-term alley cropping agroforestry system could be considered as a sustainable agriculture practice for its great potential for mitigating CH4 emissions.