bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pro- and anti-inflammatory immune biomarkers as predictors of neurodevelopment in young children exposed to HIV
Authors: Li Wei , Egler Ashley , Oyungu Eren , Yang Ziyi , Xu Huiping , Jang Jeong Hoon , McHenry Megan S. , Yu Qigui , Khaitan Alka 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
Higher inflammation and lower neurodevelopmental outcomes (ND) have been reported in children exposed to HIV but uninfected (CHEU) compared to children unexposed to HIV (CHU) during infancy, but whether these differences persist in early childhood is unclear. We assessed pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers and their associations with ND in CHEU and CHU aged 18–36 months.

Design:
Cross-sectional study of 45 CHEU and 36 CHU aged 18–36 months enrolled in Eldoret, Kenya.

Methods:
Plasma levels of 65 cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and soluble receptors, and 16 soluble immune checkpoints (ICPs) were quantified using multiplex immunoassays. Monocyte activation (sCD14, sCD163) and endothelial activation (CD146, ICAM-1, VCAM-1) plasma levels were measured by ELISAs. ND was assessed using the culturally adapted developmental assessment of cognition, language, and motor function. Predictors of ND were assessed using Bayesian Model Averaging of the linear regression model.

Results:
CHEU exhibited lower levels of several chemokine and growth factors and four inflammatory cytokines compared to CHU: APRIL (p = 0.03), IL-12p70 (p < 0.001), MIF (p = 0.002), and Tweak (p = 0.003). Conversely, two soluble ICPs, CD40 (p = 0.02) and TIM3 (p = 0.001), were higher in CHEU compared to CHU. IL-22 and SDF-1α emerged as the strongest predictors of neurodevelopment in CHEU and CHU, respectively.

Conclusion:
In early childhood, CHEU exhibited an immunosuppressive rather than inflammatory biomarker profile. Immune biomarkers more frequently predicted ND than social and demographic factors, and the predictors of cognitive, motor, and language outcomes differed between CHU and CHEU. Further research is necessary to explore the connection between childhood neurodevelopment and immune biomarkers.
Enhancing Viability of Internal Mammary Artery Perforator Flaps Using Delay Phenomenon
Authors: Alsheshi Mohammad , El-Maaytah Khalid , Abu Ashour Mohammed , Ritter Edmond , El-Qawaqzeh Khaled 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The introduction of perforator flaps in 1989 opened new possibilities for reconstruction, allowing for primary closure of the donor site and providing superior functional and cosmetic outcomes. This case details the successful application of the delay phenomenon to internal mammary artery perforator flap reconstruction in a left posterior neck third-degree burn victim. This technique enabled us to 1) reliably harvest a long internal mammary artery perforator flap on a single vessel without congestion and 2) maximize aesthetics.
Health Insurance Instability Following Firearm Injury
Authors: Karandinos George , Giuriato Mia , Masiakos Peter T. , Sacks Chana A. , Song Zirui 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
To estimate the risk of insurance instability following firearm injury.

Background:
Health insurance instability is associated with negative clinical outcomes. After nonfatal firearm injury, continuity of health care is particularly important given substantially increased physical, mental, and rehabilitative needs and related healthcare spending.

Methods:
Using 2007-2022 commercial insurance claims data, we studied 3,653 survivors and 17,422 matched controls to investigate the risk of health insurance instability associated with firearm injury. Participants were matched on age, Diagnostic Cost Group risk score, year, month, plan type, drug coverage, sex, metropolitan statistical area, state, and enrollee category.

Results:
The mean age of survivors was 30.5 years, 83.7% were male, 39.2% were primary enrollees, with observable characteristics closely balanced between exposed and control groups after matching. Within 1 year of injury, 36.1% of survivors experienced insurance instability compared with 28.1% of matched controls—an attributable risk of 8.0 (95% CI: 5.8, 10.1) and adjusted hazard ratio of 1.34 (95% CI: 1.26, 1.42). For survivors with more severe injuries, 37.3% experienced insurance instability compared with 27.6% of matched controls—an attributable risk of 9.8 (95% CI: 6.7, 12.9) and adjusted hazard ratio of 1.43 (95% CI: 1.31, 1.56). On average, firearm-injured primary enrollees experiencing insurance instability provided coverage for 0.84 dependents (spouses and children) at the time of their insurance status change.

Conclusions:
Firearm injury was followed by increased insurance instability among survivors, with increased risk following more severe injuries. Insurance instability may disrupt care and shift costs to the public through public insurance enrollment and uncompensated care for the uninsured.
The Impact of Psychological Prehabilitation on Surgical Outcomes
Authors: Hall Anne E. , Nguyen Nghiem H. , Cascavita Catherine T. , Shariati Kaavian , Patel Archi K. , Chen Wei , Kang Youngnam , Ren Xiaoyan , Tseng Chi-Hong , Hidalgo Marco A. , Lee Justine C. 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
To investigate the efficacy of psychological prehabilitation in improving surgical outcomes.

Summary Background Data:
Prehabilitation aims to improve surgical outcomes through prevention. While most prehabilitation protocols have focused on improving patient knowledge and physical function, mental health has started to receive greater attention due to its effects on postoperative recovery, including persistent opioid use. However, the efficacy of psychological prehabilitation remains unclear due to the heterogeneity of psychological modalities, intervention characteristics, and surgical contexts.

Methods:
A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 2004–2024 were conducted per PRISMA guidelines to assess the effect of psychotherapy on four postoperative outcomes: length of stay (LOS), pain, anxiety, and depression. RCTs were retrieved from MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Google Scholar databases (March 2024). Studies with >50 adult surgical patients were included. Random-effects meta-analyses estimated pooled effect sizes, with meta-regression analyzing intervention and surgery types.

Results:
Twenty articles comprising 2,376 patients were included. Psychological prehabilitation interventions included cognitive behavioral therapy (70%), supportive psychotherapy (25%), and acceptance and commitment therapy (5%). Pooled analysis revealed greater reductions in LOS (Mean Difference (MD)=−1.62 days, 95%CI: −2.899,−0.349, P=0.012), pain (MD=−3.52, 95%CI: −2.642,−4.401, P<0.001), anxiety (standard mean difference (SMD)=−1.51, 95%CI: −0.634,−2.385, P<0.001) and depression (SMD=−1.48, 95%CI: −0.578,−2.382, P=0.001). Psychotherapy modality and surgery type showed no significant effects, except for anxiety.

Conclusion:
Psychological prehabilitation reduces LOS, pain, anxiety, and depression after surgery. Further studies are necessary to compare different types, duration, and delivery methods of psychotherapy for specific postoperative outcomes of interest.
Risk factors for urinary retention following laparoscopic total extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair in adult males
Authors: Cheng Ting-Yao , Lin Tsu-Feng , Tsai Chia-Chi , Chen Hao-Wei , Chen Marcelo , Tseng Jen-Shu , Chiu Allen W. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose:
This study aims to identify the incidence and risk factors associated with postoperative urinary retention (POUR) in patients undergoing laparoscopic total extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair, a common complication that significantly impacts patient recovery and health care resources.

Materials and methods:
A retrospective review was conducted of male patients who underwent laparoscopic TEP inguinal hernia repair and were observed overnight at our institution from January 2020 to December 2022. POUR was defined as the inability to void postoperatively, necessitating catheterization before discharge. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted on perioperative variables to determine their association with POUR.

Results:
Of 618 analyzed patients, the incidence of POUR was 13.3% (82/618). Univariate analysis identified age ≥ 65 years, a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), blood loss > 10 mL, operative duration > 60 minutes, intraoperative urinary catheter placement, and less surgeon experience as factors significantly associated with POUR. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age ≥ 65 years (odds ratio = 2.05, P = 0.01) and a history of BPH (odds ratio = 2.97, P < 0.001) were significant predictors of POUR.

Conclusion:
POUR is a significant postoperative complication following laparoscopic TEP inguinal hernia repair, particularly affecting male patients aged 65 years or older and those with a history of BPH. Identifying these risk factors preoperatively can help tailor perioperative care to mitigate POUR incidence and enhance recovery.
Yokenella regensbergei : Unveiling a hidden pathogen in an immunocompetent patient: a case report
Authors: Khatri Mahima , Malhotra Shikhir , Kombade Sarika 
Published: February 2025

Background : Yokenella regensburgei is Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, non-sporing, motile rod with peritrichous flagella . It is rarely isolated from human samples.
Case presentation: This a case report of a 52 year old male patient who presented to our centre with a non healing ulcer. A culture from the biopsy sample (from the ulcer) isolated Yokenella regensburgei . The patient was started on antibiotics for the same which lead to healing of the ulcer.
Conclusion : Increased discussion about such rare isolates will aid in proper identification and proper treatment of such patients especially in low income centres. To the best of our knowledge this is a first case report from India regarding Yokenella regensburgei as a cause of skin and soft tissue infection.
Morphological Variation and DUS Characterization in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantiaL.) collections from Eastern India for Varietal Identification and Genetic Improvement
Authors: Verma Anita , Joshi Alpana 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study investigates the morphological variation and Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability (DUS) characterization ofMomordica charantiacollections from Eastern India to facilitate varietal identification and genetic improvement. Twenty-two Bitter Gourd varieties were characterized based on morphological traits to assess genetic diversity and enhance breeding program efficiency. Significant variations were observed in fruit morphology (colour, length, surface tubercles, and ridges) and seed characteristics (Colour and margin indentation) enabling effective varietal differentiation. Notably, four accessions were classified asM. charantia var. muricatadue to their distinctly small fruit size, highlighting the presence of diverse morphological forms within the studied population. Additionally, admixture was detected in seven varieties, which underscores the necessity for purification processes to ensure the commercial viability of these accessions. This research emphasizes the rich genetic diversity of Bitter Gourd in Eastern India and identifies key traits that are essential for distinguishing between varieties. The findings provide valuable insights for breeders to develop improved cultivars with enhanced productivity and consumer-preferred traits. Moreover, this study supports ongoing plant breeding efforts to enhance crop quality and yield by identifying reliable morphological traits for varietal differentiation. Furthermore, it recommends additional research to refine DUS criteria by incorporating more traits that effectively differentiate between smooth-type Bitter Gourd varieties.
Characterizing resting-state EEG oscillatory and aperiodic activity in neurodegenerative diseases: A multicentric study
Authors: Jaramillo-Jimenez Alberto , Mantilla-Ramos Yorguin-Jose , Tovar-Rios Diego A , Lopera Francisco , Aguillón David , Ochoa-Gomez John Fredy , Paquet Claire , Gaubert Sinead , Pardini Matteo , Arnaldi Dario , Taylor John-Paul , Fladby Tormod , Brønnick Kolbjørn , Aarsland Dag , Bonanni Laura 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundAbnormalities in resting-state electroencephalogram (rsEEG) posterior alpha rhythm are promising biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), often assessed via spectral analysis, ignoring the signal’s non-rhythmic (aperiodic) component. Evidence assessing aperiodic and oscillatory rsEEG abnormalities across NDDs is scarce and often underpowered. Multicenter studies could tackle these limitations, but data pooling might introduce site-related rsEEG differences (batch effects). This study aims to characterize rsEEG oscillatory and aperiodic patterns across NDDs, minimizing potential batch effects.MethodsRsEEGs (n = 639; 11 sites) were automatically preprocessed. Signals comprised healthy controls (HC = 153), Lewy Body Dementias (LBD = 95), Parkinson’s Disease (PD = 71), Alzheimer’s Disease (AD = 186), Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD = 23), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in positive Lewy Body pathology or PD (MCI-LBD = 34), and MCI in positive AD pathology (MCI-AD = 77). Power spectrum batch effects were harmonized using reComBat (age, sex, and diagnosis-adjusted). Harmonization was evaluated with functional and mass-univariate ANOVAs. Oscillatory and aperiodic parameters were extracted from the batch-harmonized power spectrum. NDDs-related differences were estimated with functional and mass-univariate tests, bootstrapped pairwise comparisons, and logistic regressions.ResultsQualitative visualizations and statistical testing showed reduced batch effects after harmonization. Statistically significant findings included steeper aperiodic parameters and lower oscillatory center frequency in LBD compared to other NDDs. Additionally, oscillatory extended alpha power was lower in AD vs. LBD.ConclusionsBatch effects in the rsEEG power spectrum can be mitigated with harmonization. Oscillatory alpha power reduction may better reflect AD abnormalities, whereas pronounced oscillatory frequency slowing and greater aperiodic activity characterize LBD.
Spatial distribution of the proteome in human body and cancers
Authors: Yue Liang , Jiang Wenhao , Li Sainan , Luo Meng , Fan Ning , Zhan Xiaolu , Chen Kexin , Lu Tian , Guo Fang , Li Dongwei , Ge Weigang , Nie Zongxiang , Lyu Mengge , Jun A , Wang Yingrui , Chen Yingdan , Fu Zhenhai , Xiang Nan , Li Lu , Yu Fengchao , Teo Guo Ci , Nesvizhskii Alexey I , Wang Meng , Snyder Michael P. , Collins Ben , Aebersold Ruedi , Xu Fei , Zhu Yi , Liu Tong , Li Yan , Guo Tiannan 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYA comprehensive spatial distribution of the proteome in human body and cancers is fundamental for understanding human biology and diseases including cancers. Here, we present an anatomically resolved human proteome derived from 1781 benign and malignant samples from 58 major tissue types encompassing 251 specific tissues and 25 carcinomas. Based on a spectral library covering over 75% of the human protein-coding genes with 208 understudied and 82 missing proteins characterized, we quantified over 13,000 proteins in these samples using data-independent acquisition proteomics. This data resource presents the so far most comprehensive quantitative proteomic landscape of human tissues and common carcinomas. It allows systematic evaluation of tissue-specific drug responses, identification of drug candidates that may be repurposed as antineoplastics, and discovery of novel targets for anticancer therapy. This resource, available as an online knowledgebase, refines our knowledge of spatial distribution of the human proteome and tumor-specific protein modulation.
Reduced Fast Periodic Visual Stimulation Oddball Responses to Threatening Faces Associated with Anxiety
Authors: Vandenheever David , Davidson Haleigh , Kemp Jennifer , Murphy Zack , Kujawa Autumn , Shi Jingyi , Nadorff Michael R. , Bates-Brantley Kayla , Sidwell MacKenzie 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFacial expression processing is crucial for social communication and survival, with anxiety disorders often linked to alterations in attentional biases toward threat-related stimuli. While previous studies using event-related potentials (ERPs) have yielded conflicting findings regarding threat sensitivity in anxiety, Fast Periodic Visual Stimulation (FPVS) offers a high signal-to-noise, implicit alternative for assessing emotion processing. This study utilized FPVS to investigate neural responses to facial expressions in individuals with anxiety compared to healthy controls. Forty-one adults participated, with 17 classified into the anxiety group based on self-reported diagnosis or PROMIS Anxiety scores. EEG responses were recorded while participants viewed sequences of neutral faces interspersed with emotional oddball expressions (angry, fearful, happy, and sad). Results revealed robust individual- and group-level neural responses, with significantly reduced summed baseline-corrected amplitudes (BCA) in central-parietal regions for angry and happy faces in the anxiety group. These findings suggest that anxious individuals exhibit attenuated discrimination of emotional expressions, particularly in higher-order processing regions, which may reflect cognitive avoidance of threat or general disengagement from emotional stimuli. The study highlights the potential of FPVS as a clinically relevant tool for objectively assessing emotion processing in anxiety and related disorders.
Genomic prediction of symbiotic interactions between twoEndozoicomonasclades and their coral host,Acropora loripes
Authors: Gotze Cecilie R , Tandon Kshitij , Philip Gayle K , Dungan Ashley M , Maire Justin , Hoj Lone , Blackall Linda L , van Oppen Madeleine JH 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe bacterial genusEndozoicomonasis a predominant member of the coral microbiome, widely recognised for its ubiquity and ability to form high-density aggregates within coral tissues. Hence, investigating its metabolic interplay with coral hosts offers critical insights into its ecological roles and contributions to coral health and resilience.ResultsUsing long- and short-read whole-genome sequencing of 11Endozoicomonasstrains fromAcropora loripes, genome sizes were found to range between 5.8 and 7.1 Mbp. Phylogenomic analysis identified two distinct clades within the family Endozoicomonadaceae. Metabolic reconstruction uncovered clade-specific pathways, including the degradation of holobiont-derived carbon and lipids (e.g., galactose, starch, triacylglycerol, D-glucuronate), latter of suggest involvement ofEndozoicomonasin host ‘sex-type’ steroid hormone metabolism. A clade-specific type 6 Secretion System (T6SS) and predicted effector molecules were identified, potentially facilitating coral-bacterium symbiosis. Additionally, genomic analyses revealed diverse phosphorus acquisition strategies, implicatingEndozoicomonasin holobiont phosphorus cycling and stress responses.ConclusionsThis study reveals clade-specific genomic signatures ofEndozoicomonassupporting its mutualistic lifestyle within corals. Findings suggests possible roles in nutrient cycling, reproductive health, and stress resilience, offering novel insights into coral holobiont functioning and potential strategies for reef restoration.
STEAM: Spatial Transcriptomics Evaluation Algorithm and Metric for clustering performance
Authors: Reynoso Samantha , Schiebout Courtney , Krishna Revanth , Zhang Fan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMotivationSpatial transcriptomic technologies allow researchers to explore the diversity and specificity of gene expression within their original tissue structure. Accurately identifying regions that are spatially coherent in both gene expression and physical tissue structures is an emerging topic, but challenging due to the lack of ground truth labels which renders complicating validation of clustering consistency and reproducibility. This highlights a need for a computational evaluation framework to rigorously and unbiasedly assess clustering performance.ResultsTo address this gap, we propose STEAM (Spatial Transcriptomics Evaluation Algorithm and Metric), a user-friendly computational pipeline designed to evaluate the consistency and reliability of clustering results by leveraging machine learning classification and prediction methods, with the goal of maintaining the spatial proximity and gene expression patterns within clusters. We benchmarked STEAM on various public datasets, spanning multi-cell to single-cell resolution, as well as spatial transcriptomics and proteomics. The results highlighted its robustness and generalizability through comprehensive statistical evaluation metrics, such as Kappa score, F1 score, accuracy, and adjusted rand index. Notably, STEAM supports multi-sample training, enabling cross-replicate clustering consistency assessment. Moreover, STEAM provides practical guidance by comparing clustering results across multiple approaches; here, we evaluated four different methods, including spatial-aware and spatial-ignorant approaches. In summary, we believe that STEAM provides researchers a promising tool for evaluating clustering robustness and benchmarking clustering performance for spatial omics data, offering valuable insights to drive reproducible discoveries in spatial biology.Availability and implementationSource code and the R software tool STEAM are available fromhttps://github.com/fanzhanglab/STEAM.
Microbial metabolism of food allergens determines the severity of IgE-mediated anaphylaxis
Authors: Sánchez-Martínez Elisa , Rondeau Liam E. , Garrido-Romero Manuel , Barbosa da Luz Bruna , Haas Dominic A. , Yuen Gavin , Hall Peter , Dang Rebecca , Wang Xuan-Yu , Moreno-Serna Lucía , López-Sanz Celia , Nuñez-Borque Emilio , Garrido-Arandia Maria , Diaz-Perales Araceli , Carrasco Yolanda R. , Koenig Joshua F.E. , Walker Tina D. , Jordana Manel , Verdu Elena F. , Surette Michael G. , Ojeda Pedro , Vega Francisco , Blanco Carlos , Shreffler Wayne G. , Patil Sarita U. , Moreno F. Javier , Jiménez-Saiz Rodrigo , Caminero Alberto 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYAnaphylaxis is an acute, potentially life-threatening reaction, often triggered by foods and largely mediated by IgE. A critically important aspect of anaphylaxis pertains to the factors that modulate its severity. The human microbiota is known to influence oral tolerance, but the microbial mechanisms directly involved in IgE-mediated anaphylaxis remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that human saliva harbors peanut-degrading bacteria that metabolize immunodominant allergens (Ara h 1 and Ara h 2) and alter IgE binding. Additionally, we providein vivoevidence showing that oral bacteria metabolize peanut allergens, influencing systemic allergen exposure and the severity of anaphylaxis. Finally, in a clinical study, we observe that common peanut-degrading bacteria, such asRothia,from the oral cavity, are more abundant in peanut-allergic patients who exhibit better tolerance to allergen exposure. Altogether, these results demonstrate the role of the human microbiota in modulating IgE-mediated reactions through allergen metabolism. These findings reveal a novel microbial mechanism with potential to prevent, or reduce, the severity of IgE-mediated anaphylaxis.