bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Kidney Injury Presenting as Hepatorenal Syndrome in the Setting of Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir Treatment for Hepatitis C
Authors: Fansiwala Kush , Saltiel Jason , Poles Michael 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
A 65-year-old man with chronic hepatitis C virus and hepatocellular carcinoma, after surgical resection and chemotherapy, was started on a regimen of glecaprevir and pibrentasavir for treatment of his hepatitis C virus. Ten days later, he developed hepatotoxicity with subsequent progression to hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). On discontinuation of glecaprevir/pibrentasavir and initiation of HRS treatment, he had improvement in his renal and hepatic function. Although there have been recent safety concerns surrounding hepatocellular injury secondary to glecaprevir/pibrentasavir, this is the first case report of HRS secondary to severe hepatotoxicity induced by glecaprevir/pibrentasavir.
Two Major Economic Crises in the Early Twenty-First Century and their Impact on Central Bank Independence
Authors: Dabrowski Marek 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Two major economic crises in the early twenty-first century have had a serious impact on monetary policy and CB independence. Disruption in financial intermediation and associated deflationary pressures caused by the global financial crisis of 2007–2009 and European financial crisis of 2010–2015 pushed central banks (CBs) in major currency areas towards adoption of unconventional monetary policy measures, including large-scale purchase of government bonds (quantitative easing). The same approach has been taken by CBs in response to the COVID-19 crisis in 2020 even if the characteristics of this crisis differ from the previous one. As a result of both crises, CBs have become major holders of government bonds and de facto – main creditors of governments. Against rapidly deteriorating fiscal balances, CBs have become hostages of fiscal policies, which compromises their independence. Risks to the CB independence also come from their additional mandates (beyond price stability) and populist political pressures.
Investigations of polyethylene of raised temperature resistance service performance using autoclave test under sour medium conditions
Authors: Qi Guoquan , Yan Hongxia , Qi Dongtao , Li Houbu , Kong Lushi , Ding Han 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The chapter deals with the performance evaluation of the polyethylene of raised temperature resistance (PE-RT) and polyethylene (PE) using autoclave test under sour oil and gas medium conditions. The analyses of performance changes showed that PE-RT has good media resistance at 60°C. As the temperature increases, its mechanical properties decrease, accompanied by an increase in weight. Comparative analyses showed that no matter what temperature conditions are, PE-RT media resistance is better than PE80. The better media resistance of PE-RT depends on its higher degree of branching. Short branches are distributed between the crystals to form a connection between the crystals, thereby improving its heat resistance and stress under high-temperature conditions. PE-RT forms an excellent three-dimensional network structure through copolymerization, ensuring that it has better media resistance than PE80. However, the mechanical performance will be attenuated due to the high service temperature.
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 is a potent kallikrein-related protease 12 inhibitor
Authors: Lavergne Marion , Guillon-Munos Audrey , Lenga Ma Bonda Woodys , Attucci Sylvie , Kryza Thomas , Barascu Aurélia , Moreau Thierry , Petit-Courty Agnès , Sizaret Damien , Courty Yves , Iochmann Sophie , Reverdiau Pascale 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The protease activities are tightly regulated by inhibitors and dysregulation contribute to pathological processes such as cancer and inflammatory disorders. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI-2) is a serine proteases inhibitor, that mainly inhibits plasmin. This protease activated matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and degraded extracellular matrix. Other serine proteases are implicated in these mechanisms like kallikreins (KLKs). In this study, we identified for the first time that TFPI-2 is a potent inhibitor of KLK5 and 12. Computer modeling showed that the first Kunitz domain of TFPI-2 could interact with residues of KLK12 near the catalytic triad. Furthermore, like plasmin, KLK12 was able to activate proMMP-1 and -3, with no effect on proMMP-9. Thus, the inhibition of KLK12 by TFPI-2 greatly reduced the cascade activation of these MMPs and the cleavage of cysteine-rich 61, a matrix signaling protein. Moreover, when TFPI-2 bound to extracellular matrix, its classical localisation, the KLK12 inhibition was retained. Finally, TFPI-2 was downregulated in human non-small-cell lung tumour tissue as compared with non-affected lung tissue. These data suggest that TFPI-2 is a potent inhibitor of KLK12 and could regulate matrix remodeling and cancer progression mediated by KLK12.
Effects of sintering temperature on the microstructural properties of Al2O3–Y2O3 powder mixtures
Authors: Abalı Serkan , Kılınç Songül 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this study, YAlO3 (YAP) was produced at low temperatures by a powder sintering process. Al2O3–Y2O3 powder mixtures were subjected to heat treatment at different temperatures. The relationship between the sintering temperature and the emergence of new phases was investigated via X-ray diffraction, and supported by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The crystallization of the monoclinic yttrium aluminum oxide (Y4Al2O9) occurred at 1 000 °C, whereas the yttrium aluminum perovskite (YAlO3) crystallization occurred at 1 100°C. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis showed yttrium content in the sample containing Al2O3–YAlO3 powder sintered at 1100 °C, associated with the YAlO3 phase formed at this temperature. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface analysis showed a significant decrease in the pore volume of the sample sintered at 1 100°C.
Reporting the magnetic profile of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles at different temperatures
Authors: Ud Din Israf , Saeed Tooba , Ahmad Zahoor , Alharthi Abdulrahman I. , Alotaibi Mshari A. , Naeem Abdul 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Cobalt ferrite nanoparticles (CFNs) were synthesized using cobalt nitrate hexahydrate and ferric nitrate nonahydrate through a wet chemical method. Various characterization techniques were used to confirm the synthesis of CFNs. The thermal stability, structure, morphology and crystallinity of the synthesized CFNs were determined by thermogravimetric analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the synthesized nanoparticles are stable and crystalline with fine homogenized structure. Vibrating sample magnetometry was used to determine the magnetic properties of the synthesized material. The coercivity was noted to be decreased and the hysteresis loop gradually flattens as the temperature increases toward the Curie temperature.
Mizaj assessment in multiple sclerosis patients based on Persian Medicine
Authors: Abbasian Reza , Mojahedi Morteza , Alizadeh Mostafa , Khafri Soraya , Ansaripour Mohammad , Moosavyzadeh Abdolali , Kamali Mohammadali , Babaeian Mahmoud , Sourtiji Hossein , Shaygannejad Vahid , Kerdarian Hossein , Rezaeizadeh Hossein 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectivesIncreased incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) calls for supporting complementary therapies in this field. Persian Medicine (PM) specialists present various assumptions to help patients through Mizaj (temperament) modification, but its confirmation requires scientific evidence. This study aimed at identifying the Mizaj of MS patients, and comparing it with their Mizaj before the onset of the disease, and with that of healthy people.MethodsForty-two MS and fifty-four healthy subjects participated in the study as case and control groups. General and brain Mizaj in patients were identified by five PM specialists before and after the onset of the disease. Mojahedi Mizaj Questionnaire (MMQ) was completed by the two groups. The validity of MMQ was assessed using Mizaj diagnosis by PM specialists as the gold standard. t-test, McNemar-Bowker, Wilcoxon, and Chi-square (χ2) tests were used to compare the Mizaj of patients before and after the onset of the disease, and between the two groups (p<0.05).ResultsThe sensitivity and specificity of MMQ for Hotness (75, 81%) and Coldness (75, 65%) were acceptable. There were no significant differences between patients and healthy subjects in terms of general Mizaj. But general and brain Mizaj of patients after developing MS inclined to coldness and dryness, although merely inclination of general Mizaj to coldness was significant (p=0.03).ConclusionsAccording to our results, the Mizaj of MS patients has an inclination toward coldness and dryness; Also, MMQ can be used as a validated scale for identifying the Mizaj of MS patients in future studies.
Developmental effects of early-life stress on dopamine D2 receptor and proteins involved in noncanonical D2 dopamine receptor signaling pathway in the prefrontal cortex of male rats
Authors: Mahmoodkhani Maryam , Ghasemi Maedeh , Derafshpour Leila , Amini Mohammad , Mehranfard Nasrin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Dopamine neurotransmission is implicated in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders, most strikingly in Parkinson’s disease, bipolar disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia. In addition to canonical pathway, D2-receptor (D2R) exerts some of its biological actions through regulating the activity of Akt and GSK3, which in turn were found to be altered in several psychiatric illnesses. The present study examined the impacts of maternal separation, an early-life stress model which has been associated with disturbed neurodevelopment and appearance of many psychiatric disorders, on developmental changes in dopamine concentration and the expression of D2Rs, Akt and GSK-3β in the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC; a key target of stress) in adolescent and young adult male rats.

Methods
Maternal separation was performed 3 h per day from postnatal days 2 to 11. The PFC protein and dopamine contents were determined using western blotting analysis and Eliza, respectively.

Results
Results indicated long-term increases in the prefrontal dopamine levels in stressed adolescent and young adult male rats, accompanied by significant downregulation of D2R as well as upregulation of p-Akt and GSK-3β contents in stressed adolescence compared to controls, with all protein levels that returned to control values in stressed adult rats.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that early-life stress differentially modulates prefrontal D2R/Akt/GSK-3β levels during development. Since adolescence period is susceptible to the onset of specific mental illnesses, disruption of noncanonical components of D2R signaling during this critical period may have an important role in programming neurobehavioral phenotypes in adulthood and manipulations influencing Akt/GSK-3β pathway may improve the expression of specific dopamine-related behaviors and the effects of dopaminergic drugs.
Enhanced second-harmonic generation in monolayer MoS2 on suspended metallic nanostructures by plasmonic resonances
Authors: Leng Qing , Su Huanhuan , Liu Jianqiang , Zhou Lin , Qin Kang , Wang Qianjin , Fu Junqi , Wu Shan , Zhang Xuejin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) possess large second-order nonlinear responses due to the broken inversion symmetry, which can extend their intriguing applications in nonlinear nanophotonics and optoelectronics. However, the atomic thickness of monolayer TMDs severely decreases the interaction length with free light with respect to bulk materials, leading to rather low second-harmonic generation (SHG) conversion efficiency. Here, we demonstrate a hybrid structure consisting of a monolayer MoS2 on a suspended perforated silver film, on which the SHG signal emitted from the monolayer MoS2 is enhanced by more than three orders of magnitude at room temperature. The pronounced SHG enhancement is attributed to the distinct electric field amplification nearby the nanoholes, which is induced by the symmetric surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) existing in the ultrathin suspended silver grating. Our results reported here may establish the substrate-free engineering of nonlinear optical effects via plasmonic nanostructures on demand.
A three-dimensional Eu(III) framework in the crystal structure of dimethylaminium poly[dimethylformamide-κ1
N)bis(μ4-terephthalato-κ4
O:O′:O′′:O′′′)europium(III)] monohydrate, C21H25EuN2O10
Authors: Song Wenqi , Zhu Yanfang , Miao Zong-Cheng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
C21H25EuN2O10, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 14.1635(8) Å, b = 12.1381(6) Å, c = 14.4528(7) Å, β = 104.361(2)°, V = 2407.1(2) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0304, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0893, T = 296 K.
Synthesis and crystal structure of (1E,2E)-3-(anthracen-9-yl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one oxime, C24H19NO2
Authors: Usman Rabia , Khan Arshad , Al-Hazmi Ghaferah H. , Refat Moamen S. , He Nongyue 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
C24H19NO2, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P&#x203e;{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.3580(17) Å, b = 10.220(2) Å, c = 11.227(2) Å, α = 85.25(3), β = 81.35(3), γ = 88.72(3), V = 944.8(3) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0873, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1988, T = 293 K.
Reconsidering the Pitted Ware chronology
Authors: Iversen Rune , Philippsen Bente , Persson Per 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Pitted Ware culture continues to attract attention from scholars. Being chronologically situated in the Neolithic, the Pitted Ware phenomenon breaks with our traditional view on cultural and social evolution by representing a return to, or continuation of, an otherwise abandoned hunter-gatherer lifestyle. One of the key issues for trying to understand the Pitted Ware Culture is its chronology – when and where did this phenomenon emerge for the first time, how did it spread and when and why did it end? In order to clarify these issues this paper presents the hitherto largest sample of new as well as old recalibrated and error corrected radiocarbon dates from Pitted Ware sites all over Scandinavia. From more than 900 radiocarbon dates, we are able to look through the many obstacles that often hamper the interpretation of the limited numbers of individual dates obtained from single sites. Furthermore, we are able to present a model showing a rapid spread of the “Pitted Ware Culture” or “Pitted Ware phenomenon” from a supposed origin in central eastern Sweden (c. 3400 cal BC) to vast, mostly coastal, areas on the Scandinavian Peninsula and northeastern Denmark. The rapid spread can be explained by Pitted Ware engagement in far-reaching flint exchange networks. The end of the Pitted Ware phenomenon (c. 2200 cal BC) can be seen as a consequence of the agricultural intensification and expansion northwards during the Late Neolithic.
The Diachrony of Pronouns of Address in 20th-century European Portuguese
Authors: Lara-Bermejo Víctor , Bruno Guilherme Ana Rita 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe system of pronouns of address in Portuguese is known for its complexity. Although many investigations (mainly case studies) on Brazilian Portuguese have been carried out to this respect, there is lack of in-depth studies about the European variety. In this article, we aim to provide the history of the system of pronouns of address in European Portuguese throughout the 20th century, by analyzing dialect data pertaining to three sociolinguistic corpora. The results highlight that the 20th century meant a time with profound changes in Portugal’s society, since it represents a stage in which European Portuguese established a new paradigm that favoured standard responses and pragmatic solidarity. However, this variety is still inclined to pragmatic distance, for the data reveal that it has also come up with new strategies to maintain deference as the unmarked politeness strategy.
Improving Delayed Antibiotic Prescribing for Acute Otitis Media
Authors: Frost Holly M. , Monti Jennifer D. , Andersen Leisha M. , Norlin Chuck , Bizune Destani J. , Fleming-Dutra Katherine E. , Czaja Christopher A. 
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVES:
Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most-common indication for antibiotics in children. Delayed antibiotic prescribing for AOM can significantly reduce unnecessary antibiotic use and is recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics for select children. We sought to improve delayed prescribing for AOM across 8 outpatient pediatric practices in Colorado.

METHODS:
Through a collaborative initiative with American Academy of Pediatrics and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, we implemented an economical 6-month antimicrobial stewardship intervention that included education, audit and feedback, online resources, and content expertise. Practices used The Model for Improvement and plan-do-study-act cycles to improve delayed antibiotic prescribing. Generalized estimating equations were used to generate relative risk ratios (RRRs) for outcomes at the intervention end and 3- and 6-months postintervention. Practice surveys were evaluated.

RESULTS:
In total, 69 clinicians at 8 practice sites implemented 27 plan-do-study-act cycles. Practices varied by size (range: 6–37 providers), payer type, and geographic setting. The rate of delayed antibiotic prescribing increased from 2% at baseline to 21% at intervention end (RRR: 8.96; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.68–17.17). Five practices submitted postintervention data. The rate of delayed prescribing at 3 months and 6 months postintervention remained significantly higher than baseline (3 months postintervention, RRR: 8.46; 95% CI: 4.18–17.11; 6 months postintervention, RRR: 6.69; 95% CI: 3.53–12.65) and did not differ from intervention end (3 months postintervention, RRR: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.62–2.05; 6-months postintervention, RRR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.53–1.49).

CONCLUSIONS:
Baseline rate of delayed prescribing was low. A low-cost intervention resulted in a significant and sustained increase in delayed antibiotic prescribing across a diversity of settings.
Elimination and Backward Selection of Features (P-Value Technique) In Prediction of Heart Disease by Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Saurabh Pal Ritu Aggrawal, 
Published: May 2021

Background: Early speculation of cardiovascular disease can help determine the lifestyle change options of high-risk patients, thereby reducing difficulties. We propose a coronary heart disease data set analysis technique to predict people’s risk of danger based on people’s clinically determined history. The methods introduced may be integrated into multiple uses, such for developing decision support system, developing a risk management network, and help for experts and clinical staff.
Methods: We employed the Framingham Heart study dataset, which is publicly available Kaggle, to train several machine learning classifiers such as logistic regression (LR), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), Naïve Bayes (NB), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF) and gradient boosting classifier (GBC) for disease prediction. The p-value method has been used for feature elimination, and the selected features have been incorporated for further prediction. Various thresholds are used with different classifiers to make predictions. In order to estimating the precision of the classifiers, ROC curve, confusion matrix and AUC value are considered for model verification. The performance of the six classifiers is used for comparison to predict chronic heart disease (CHD).
Results: After applying the p-value backward elimination statistical method on the 10-year CHD data set, 6 significant features were selected from 14 features with p <0.5. In the performance of machine learning classifiers, GBC has the highest accuracy score, which is 87.61%.
Conclusions: Statistical methods, such as the combination of p-value backward elimination method and machine learning classifiers, thereby improving the accuracy of the classifier and shortening the running time of the machine.
Remote Triggering of Icequakes at Mt. Erebus, Antarctica by Large Teleseismic Earthquakes
Authors: Li Chenyu , Peng Zhigang , Chaput Julien A. , Walter Jacob I. , Aster Richard C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the Antarctic cryosphere is sensitive to external disturbances such as tidal stresses or dynamic stresses from remote large earthquakes. In this study, we systematically examine evidence of remotely triggered microseismicity around Mount (Mt.) Erebus, an active high elevation stratovolcano located on Ross Island, Antarctica. We detect microearthquakes recorded by multiple stations from the Mt. Erebus Volcano Observatory Seismic Network one day before and after 43 large teleseismic earthquakes, and find that seven large earthquakes (including the 2010 Mw 8.8 Maule, Chile, and 2012 Mw 8.6 Indian Ocean events) triggered local seismicity on the volcano, with most triggered events occurring during the passage of the shorter-period Rayleigh waves. In addition, their waveforms and locations for the triggered events are different when comparing with seismic events arising from the persistent small-scale eruptions, but similar to other detected events before and after the mainshocks. Based on the waveform characteristics and their locations, we infer that these triggered events are likely shallow icequakes triggered by dilatational stress perturbations from teleseismic surface waves. We show that teleseismic earthquakes with higher peak dynamic stress changes are more capable of triggering icequakes at Mt. Erebus. We also find that the icequakes in this study are more likely to be triggered during the austral summer months. Our study motivates the continued monitoring of Mount Erebus with dense seismic instrumentation to better understand interactions between dynamic seismic triggering, crospheric processes, and volcanic activity.