bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atypical COVID-19 dynamics in a patient with Mantle Cell Lymphoma Exposed to Rituximab
Authors: Marcacci Gianpaolo , Fiorentino Giuseppe , Volzone Francesco , Falcone Umberto , Parrella Roberto , Donnarumma Daniela , D'Ovidio Silvia , Annunziata Anna , Micallo Giovanni , Portella Giuseppe , Chiara Annarosaria De , Filippi Rosaria DE , Crisci Stefania , Pinto Antonio 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Patients with non-hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) represent a population of special interest during the current Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemics. NHLs are associated with disease- and treatment-related immunodeficiencies which may generate unusual COVID-19 dynamics and pose unique management challenges. We report the unusual clinical course of COVID-19 in a patient with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) exposed to nine doses of Rituximab shortly before infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). He had a prolonged asymptomatic phase, with negative molecular and antibody testing for SARS-CoV-2, followed by a rapidly progressive evolution to severe COVID-19. Despite detection of viral RNA overlapped with first symptoms occurrence, anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies displayed an asynchronous pattern, with IgG first appearing two days after RNA positivity and IgM never being detected throughout the entire clinical course. While disease-associated immune derangements and/or previous treatments involving anti-CD20 antibodies might have contributed to COVID-19 dynamics in our patient, data suggests that antibody testings, without concurrent molecular assessment for SARS-CoV-2, may turn inadequate for monitoring of MCL patients, and in general NHL patients heavily exposed to anti-CD20 antibodies, during the current pandemics. Since these patients should not be denied or delayed effective treatments, we suggest that repeated molecular testing of nasopharyngeal swab should be implemented in these subjects despite a negative serology and absence of symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. For the same reasons, a customized strategy needs to be developed for patients exposed to anti-CD20 antibodies, based on different features and mechanism of action of currently available SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
The protective effects of Fuzhengzhiyanghefuzhiyang decoction (FZHFZY) on imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice through suppression of P38/Erk/NF-κB signaling
Authors: Chen Haiming , Lu Yue , Tang Bin , Li Xiong , Zhang Hongyu , Zhang Junhong , Yu Jingjie , Yan Yuhong , Deng Hao , Li Shaoping , Yang Lei , Han Ling , Lu Chuanjian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin disease affecting approximately 2–3% of world's population. Fuzhenghefuzhiyang decoction (FZHFZY), a Chinese medicine formula created by Prof. Lu Chuanjian, has been shown to have remarkable anti-psoriasis effect in clinical practice. However, the mechanism of action of FZHFZY is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of FZHFZY in psoriasis-like skin inflammation both in vitro and in vivo and elucidate the mechanism of action of FZHFZY.
Methods

In vivo study, we evaluated the protective effect of FZHFZY in imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mice model. Results indicated that FZHFZY can obviously decrease psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scores. FZHFZY also suppressed the mRNA levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-23 and IL-8 in the skin and its anti-inflammatory activity may be related to its suppression of the P38/Erk/NF-κB signaling. In addition, immunohistochemistry (IHC) data showed that FZHFZY can suppress the expression of F4/80 which is the marker of macrophages in the psoriasis skin. Therefore, we designed to investigate the roles and underlying mechanisms of FZHFZY in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages in vitro.
Results

Our results revealed FZHFZY treatment could significantly inhibit inflammation by modulating the expression of mediators, such as IL-6, TNF-α, IL-23 and IL-8, which expression was increased remarkably in the activated RAW264.7 cells. Our results also showed that FZHFZY inhibited the P38/Erk/NF-κB signaling pathways in RAW264.7 cells induced by LPS.
Conclusions

Taken together, our present study demonstrates that FZHFZY alleviated inflammatory response by suppressing the P38/Erk/NF-κB signaling in imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mice model and LPS-stimulated RAW264.7.
Sex Dependent Effects of Amyloid Precursor-Like Protein 2 in The SOD1-G37R Transgenic Mouse Model of MND.
Authors: Truong Phan Hong , Crouch Peter J. , Hilton James B.W. , McLean Catriona A. , Cappai Roberto , Ciccotosto Giuseppe D. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction:

Motor neurone disease (MND) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by progressive destruction of motor neurons, muscle paralysis and death. The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is highly expressed in the central nervous system and has been shown to modulate disease outcomes in MND. APP is part of a gene family that includes the amyloid precursor-like protein 1 (APLP1) and 2 (APLP2) genes.
Methods

In the present study, we investigated the role of APLP2 in MND through the examination of human spinal cord tissue and by crossing APLP2 knockout mice with the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1-G37R) transgenic mouse model of MND.
Results

We found the expression of APLP2 is elevated in the spinal cord from human cases of MND and that this feature of the human disease is reproduced in SOD1-G37R mice at the end-stage of their MND-like phenotype progression. APLP2 deletion in SOD1-G37R mice significantly delayed disease progression and increased the survival of female SOD1-G37R mice. Molecular and biochemical analysis showed female SOD1-G37R:APLP2-/- mice displayed improved innervation of the neuromuscular junction, ameliorated atrophy of muscle fibres with increased APP protein expression levels in the gastrocnemius muscle.
Conclusion

These results indicate a sex-dependent role for APLP2 in mutant SOD1-mediated MND and further support the APP-family as a potential target for further investigation into the cause and regulation of MND.
Conversion of Waste Plastics to Liquid Fuels by Micro-Mesoporous HZSM-5 Catalysts
Authors: Munir Dureem , Usman Muhammad Rashid 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Three micro-mesoporous HZSM-5 catalysts were synthesized using three different mesoporous templates and studied for the conversion of a model municipal waste plastic mixture to produce liquid fuels of high value. For the comparison, the conversion of an actual waste plastic mixture and HDPE was also studied. The experiments were performed in a batch stirred reactor at three reaction temperatures (350, 375, and 400 °C) and at fixed cold H2 pressure (20 bar), reaction time (60 min), and plastic to catalyst ratio (20:1 by wt.). The micro-mesoporous catalysts produced better activity and selectivity than their parent HZSM-5 catalyst. The catalyst, prepared by combining two different templates, was found to be the most favorable catalyst offering 67.1% liquid yield at 400 °C with actual waste plastic. The best performing catalyst has shown the prospects for commercial applications.
Effect of topography and weather on call to automatic electrical defibrillator attach time by drone for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a virtual flight simulation study
Authors: Choi Dong Sun , Hong Ki Jeong , Shin Sang Do , Lee Chang-Gun , Kim Tae Han , Cho Youngeun , Song Kyoung Jun , Ro Young Sun , Park Jeong Ho 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Delivery of automatic electrical defibrillator (AED) by unmanned aerial vehicle like drones was suggested to improve early defibrillation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. We developed a drone-AED flight virtual simulator using 3-dimensional topographic and meteorological information. The goal of this study is to assess the effect of topography and weather on call to AED attach time in drone-AED program. Methods We included patients from 2013 to 2016 in Seoul, South Korea, registered in the Korean out-of-hospital cardiac arrest registry. We developed a drone-AED flight simulation using topographic information of Seoul for Euclidean flight pathway and topographic flight pathway including vertical flight to overcome high-rise structures. We used 4 drone flight scenarios according to weather conditions or visibility: flight and control advanced drone, flight advanced drone, control advanced drone and basic drone. Primary outcome was emergency medical service call to AED attach time. Secondary outcome was success rate of call to AED attachment within 5 or 10 minutes, and pre-arrival rate of drone-AED before AED delivery by ground ambulance. Results 16,596 patients were included. Median flight time of drone-AED was 2.6 and 1.0 minute for topographic flight simulation and Euclidean pathway. Call to AED attach time in topographic pathway was 7.0 minutes in flight and control advanced drone and 8.0 minutes in basic drone. The time in Euclidean pathway was 6.5 minutes in flight and control advanced drone and 7.0 minutes in basic drone. Pre-arrival rate of drone-AED in Euclidean pathway was 38.0% and 16.3% for flight and control advanced drone and basic drone. whereas, pre-arrival rate in the topographic pathway was 27.0% and 11.7%, respectively. Conclusions Drone-AED took longer call to AED attach time in basic drone than flight and control advanced drone. Pre-arrival rate of flight and control advanced drone was decreased in topographic flight pathway compared to Euclidean pathway. Trial registration This study used cases retrospectively registered in the Korean out-of-hospital cardiac arrest registry.
Prevalence and predictors of dyslipidemia on HAART and HAART naive HIV positive clients attending Debre Tabor Hospital, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
Authors: Mulu Anemut Tilahun , Yitbarek Getachew Yideg , Admasu Fitalew Tadele , Denekew Chalachew Yenew , Melese Biruk Demissie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: HAART has been reported to be associated with a number of side effects in human immunodeficiency virus patients among which dyslipidemia is a common metabolic disorder. Methods: A facility based comparative cross-sectional study among 228 HIV positive persons was conducted from July to August 2020. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected using structured questionnaires. Fasting venous blood sample was drawn for Lipid profiles and CD4 cell determination. Anthropometric measurement was done. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22 for windows. Result: A total of 228 HIV patients were enrolled in the study. Prevalence of dyslipidemia in HAART naive and on HAART HIV positive persons was 61(53.5%) and 84 (73.7%), respectively. The prevalence of TC≥200 mg/dl was 50% and 30%; HLD-c<40 mg/dl was 43.8% and 36%; LDL-c≥130mg/dl was 48.3% and 28.1%; and TG≥150 mg/dl 59.6% and 39% among on HAART and HAART naïve, respectively. Age greater than 40 years (AOR = 3.27, 95% C.I: 1.47 - 7.25), blood pressure ≥ 140/90 (AOR = 16.13, 95% C.I: 5.81 - 44.75), being on HAART (AOR = 2.73, 95 % C.I: 1.35 - 5.53) and body mass index > 25kg/m2 (AOR = 1.92, 95 % C.I: 1.20 - 4.81) were identified as determinants of dyslipidemia. Conclusion: The mean value of lipid profile was significantly higher among HIV positive clients on HAART as compared to those HAART naïve HIV positive clients.
Manifestations of Different El Nino types in the Dynamics of Extratropical Stratosphere
Authors: Ermakova Tatiana , Pogoreltsev Alexander , Smyshlyaev Sergei , Koval Andrey , Chen Wen , Wei Ke 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The behavior of planetary wave with zonal wave number 1 (PW1) at the heights of middle and upper stratosphere during different El Nino types has been considered. The sets of 5 winters have been chosen for each El Nino type using the table of available extended Multivariate El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Index values and index for identifying different types of El Nino Modoki events. Comparing planetary wave response and residual circulation under various conditions caused by Modoki I, II, and canonical El Nino, it has been revealed identical features associated with any of this type. The activity of travelling waves has been presented at three latitudes (2.5, 27.5, and 62.5) of Northern Hemisphere to follow the changes in behavior of waves. Travelling waves determined at 2.5°N latitude during every El Nino type have similar wave activity distribution despite the different location of SST anomaly. The standing waves activity at 27.5°N latitude during Modoki II type is similar to this activity during canonical one. This similarity disappears at lower latitudes, where wave amplitudes every canonical winter do not distinguish each other greatly especially standing and westward propagating waves.
The Association Between the Serotonin Receptor Type 1B (HTR1B) Gene rs13212041 Polymorphism and Trait Anxiety in China Han College Subjects
Authors: Ruan Xiaofei , Fang Suwen , zheng qi , Qi Senqing , Tian Yingfang , Ren Wei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Trait anxiety is a vulnerable personality factor for anxiety and depression. High levels of trait anxiety confer elevated risk for the development of anxiety and other psychiatric disorders. There is evidence that serotonin receptor type 1B (5-HT1B) gene polymorphisms play an important role in emotional disorders. Genotyping for four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) (rs11568817, rs130058, rs6297 and rs13212041) was conducted for 388 high trait-anxious (HTA) individuals and 463 low trait-anxious (LTA) individuals in China Han college subjects. The results showed that the frequency of the C-allele and TC+CC genotype in rs13212041 in the LTA individuals was higher than that in the HTA individuals (p = 0.025 and p = 0.014, respectively). Both the C-allele and TC+CC genotype were associated with trait anxiety decreasing (OR = 0.771 and OR = 0.71, respectively). Furthermore, different gene models analysis also showed that the C allele is a protective factor in trait anxiety in Chinese Han college subjects. These findings suggest that the variance in 5-HT1B gene polymorphisms may play a role in trait anxiety in China Han college subjects. The rs13212014 polymorphism may be involved in decreasing the risk of trait anxiety. These results also provide a novel insight into the molecular mechanism about trait anxiety.
Women’s Experiences in the Antenatal and Perinatal Period Following a Stillbirth or Neonatal Death: A Multicentre Cohort Study
Authors: Thomas Suzanne , Stephens Louise , Mills Tracey A , Hughes Christine , Kerby Alan , Arundale A. Michael , Smith Debbie M , Heazell Alexander E. P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

The death of a baby before or shortly after birth is a profoundly distressing experience for women and their families. Although grieving the death of their baby, most women will embark on another pregnancy. Specialist antenatal services have been proposed to address the increased biomedical and psychological risks in pregnancies after perinatal death. This study aimed to explore the experiences of women in and shortly after pregnancy after loss to determine the psychological and economic impact and the effect of a specialist service.
Methods

This study adopted a mixed-methods approach using several sources of data: i) validated measures of psychological state (Cambridge Worry Score, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Score (EPDS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item score), ii) measurement of hair cortisol, iii) face-to-face semi-structured interviews to explore women’s views and experiences of care during their pregnancy, and iv) a Social Return on Investment (SROI) analysis with a subgroup of women and staff participants at the lead site.
Results

In total 112 women participated in the study. Measures of anxiety and depressive symptoms decreased from the highest levels at 15 weeks’ gestation to 6-weeks postnatal (for example mean GAD-7: 15 weeks 8.2 ± 5.5, 6 weeks postnatal 4.4 ± 5.0, p < 0.001). Hair cortisol levels fell in a similar profile to anxiety and depression symptoms (p < 0.05). Thematic analysis of interviews (n = 20) described how stillbirth was a quiet, unspoken subject and that navigating subsequent pregnancies relied on expecting the worst and hoping for the best; mapping these themes onto the Dual Process Model of Bereavement found being pregnant complicated the grieving process as increased awareness of the risk of stillbirth drew parents focus back to loss. Attendance at a specialist service was valued; SROI analysis found that for £1 invested, £6.10 of value was generated, mostly relating to reduced negative psychological symptoms.
Conclusions

This mixed-methods study demonstrated heightened anxiety and depressive symptoms and elevated cortisol levels which decrease as pregnancy progresses. Specialist care was viewed favourably, and is cost-effective, but comparative studies are required to determine whether this model is superior to routine high-risk care and to identify which components are most valued.
Comparison of the clinical efficacy of two fixation methods combined with OLIF in the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis
Authors: Zhang Xinliang , Guo Yunshan , Li Yibing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

To observe the clinical efficacy of an anterior single rob-screw fixation (ASRSF) combined with the oblique lumbar intervertebral fusion (OLIF) approach compared with a posterior percutaneous screw fixation(PPSF) combined with OLIF in the treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis.
Methods

This is a retrospective case-control study. Patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis treated with either ASRSF combined with OLIF or PPSF combined with OLIF from January 2016 to January 2018 were enrolled in this study. None of the patients had posterior decompression. The visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI) were used for clinical efficacy assessment. The pre- and post-operational disc height, height of foramen, subsidence and migration of cages, fusion rate, and surgery-related complications were compared between the two groups.
Results

Fifty-three patients were included in this single-center study. According to the fixation methods, patients were divided into the ASRSF group (group A, 25 cases) and the PPSF group (group B, 28 cases). There was no statistical difference in surgery-related complications between groups. There was a significant difference in the VAS score at 1 week post-surgery(2.3 ± 0.5Vs3.5 ± 0.4, P = 0.01), and 3 months post-operation (2.2 ± 0.3VS 3.0 ± 0.3, P = 0.01). Comparison of post-operative imaging data showed that there was a significant difference in the height of the foramen between groups at 3 months post-surgery(18.1 ± 2.3 mm Vs 16.9 ± 1.9 mm, P = 0.04). At 24 months post-surgery, the ODI was 12.65 ± 3.6 in group A and 19.1 ± 3.4 in group B (P = 0.01). Twelve months after surgery, the fusion rate in group A was 72.0% and78.6% in group B (not statistically significant, P = 0.75). Fusions were identified in all patients at 24 months post-surgery.
Conclusion

Compared to PPSF, ASRSF combined with OLIF for lumbar spondylolisthesis can reduce post-operative low back pain in the early stages, maintain the height of the foramen superiorly, and improve the performance of lumbar function.
Improved DC Performance Analysis of a Novel Asymmetric Extended Source Tunnel FET for Fast Switching Application
Authors: DUTTA RITAM , Subash T.D. , Paitya Nitai 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
A two-dimensional analytical model for asymmetric extended source tunnel field effect transistor (AES-TFET) has been developed to obtain better device performance. The proposed device model has been analytically modelled and performed by solving 2-D Poisson’s equation. Surface potential distribution, electric field variation and band-to-band tunneling (BTBT) rate have been investigated by this numerical modelling. The source region of novel structure of TFET has been extended (varied 2 nm to 6 nm) to incorporate corner effect, which allows BTBT through a thin tunneling barrier, with controlled ambipolar conduction. This eventually produces better source-channel interface tunneling for a n-channel AES-TFET. 2-D numerical device simulator (SILVACO TCAD) has been used for simulation work. The simulated work has been finally validated by analytical modelling of AES-TFET. Better ION, IOFF and switching ratio has been obtained from this novel TFET structure.
Implantation of DDD Pacemaker in a Patient With Dextrocardia and Sick Sinus Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Luo Junqian , Zhou Zihao , Chen Kaicong , Lin Junyao , Cai Chaogeng , Zeng Zhihuan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Dextrocardia is a congenital abnormal position of the heart in which the main part of the heart is in the right chest and the long axis of the heart points to the lower right, cases with combination of dextrocardia and sick sinus syndrome are rare.Case presentation: A 65-year-old female patient was admitted with palpitations and dizziness for 1 week. Mirror-image Dextrocardia and sick sinus syndrome was diagnosed by electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, Holter monitoring, and X-ray. The rarity of the case and the specificity of anatomy brought great challenges to our interventional treatments. Finally, we successfully implanted a DDD pacemaker into the patient.Conclusion: For dextrocardia, using active fixation leads in both atrial and ventricular leads is easier to find the position with optimal sensing and pacing threshold, which also have a lower and more stable pacing threshold and can reduce the incidence of falling off at the same time. During operation, combine the multiple positions under fluoroscopy to confirm the leads position, which can improve the success rate of implantation.
Nutrient Intake, Dietary Patterns, and Anthropometric Indices of Children With ADHD in Comparison to Healthy Controls: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Salvat Habibeh , Mohammadi Mehriar Nader , Molavi Parviz , Mostafavi Seyed Ali , Rostami Reza , Salehinejad Mohammad Ali 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective: Poor health behaviors and indices are recently reported in Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) lifestyle which might be relevant to the pathophysiology of this disorder. The objective of this case-control study was to assess the nutrient intake, dietary patterns, and anthropometric indices in ADHD children compared to normal peers. Method: 100 children diagnosed with ADHD were included and compared to healthy, sex-matched normal children as the control group. Anthropometric indices, macronutrients, and micronutrients were measured and compared in both groups. Results: ADHD children were significantly consuming more simple sugars, tea, ready-made meals but less protein, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, zinc and calcium compared to the control group. The body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference of ADHD children were significantly higher and were related to the severity and type of the disease. Conclusion: Unhealthy lifestyle behavior is higher in ADHD which might warrants lifestyle intervention in this disorder.