bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pain Management in Acute Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Cai Wenhao , Liu Fei , Wen Yongjian , Han Chenxia , Prasad Manya , Xia Qing , Singh Vikesh K. , Sutton Robert , Huang Wei 
Published: December 2021

Background: Pain management is an important priority in the treatment of acute pancreatitis (AP). Current evidence and guideline recommendations are inconsistent on the most effective analgesic protocol. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to compare the safety and efficacy of analgesics for pain relief in AP.Methods: A literature search was performed to identify all RCTs assessing analgesics in patients with AP. The primary outcome was the number of participants who needed rescue analgesia. Study quality was assessed using Jadad score. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) or weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were analysed using a random-effects model.Results: Twelve studies comprising 699 patients with AP (83% mild AP) were analysed. The tested analgesics significantly decreased the need for rescue analgesia (3 studies, OR.36, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.60) vs. placebo or conventional treatment. The analgesics also improved the pain score [Visual Analogue Scale (Δ-VAS)] at 24 h (WMD 18.46, 0.84 to 36.07) and by the 3rd to 7th days (WMD 11.57, 0.87 to 22.28). Opioids vs. non-opioids were associated with a decrease in the need for rescue analgesia (6 studies, OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.86, p = 0.03) but without significance in pain score. In subgroup analyses, opioids were similar to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) regarding the primary outcome (4 studies, OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.24 to 1.32, p = 0.18). There were no significant differences in other clinical outcomes and rate of adverse events. Other studies, comparing epidural anaesthesia vs. patient-controlled analgesia and opioid (buprenorphine) vs. opioid (pethidine) did not show significant difference in primary outcome. Study quality issues significantly contributed to overall study heterogeneity.Conclusions: NSAIDs and opioids are equally effective in decreasing the need for rescue analgesia in patients with mild AP. The relative paucity of trials and high-quality data in this setting is notable and the optimal analgesic strategy for patients with moderately severe and severe AP still requires to be determined.
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing 1-Year Outcomes of Low-Energy Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery versus Conventional Phacoemulsification
Authors: Liu Yu-Chi , Setiawan Melina , Chin Jia Ying , Wu Benjamin , Ong Hon Shing , Lamoureux Ecosse , Mehta Jodhbir S. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose: To compare 1-year clinical outcomes, phacoemulsification energy, aqueous profiles, and patient-reported outcomes of low-energy femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) vs. conventional phacoemulsification.Methods: The study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with paired-eye design. Eighty-five patients were randomized to receive FLACS (Ziemer LDV Z8) in one eye and conventional phacoemulsification in the fellow eye. Clinical data including phacoemulsification energy parameters (cumulative dissipated energy, phacoemulsification power, and phacoemulsification time), uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuities (UCDVA and BCDVA), manifest refraction spherical equivalent (MRSE), central corneal thickness (CCT), endothelial cell count (ECC), anterior chamber flare, and post-operative complications were obtained for 1 year. Aqueous humor was collected for the analysis of prostaglandin (PGE)2, cytokines and chemokines concentrations. Patients' reported-outcomes on surgical experiences were evaluated using an in-house questionnaire.Results: Compared to conventional phacoemulsification, the low-energy assisted FLACS group had significantly less ECC reduction at 3 months (1.5 ± 0.3% vs. 7.0 ± 2.4%; P &lt; 0.01) and 1 year (8.2 ± 2.8% vs. 11.2 ± 3.6%; P = 0.03). There were no significant differences in the phacoemulsification energy parameters, UCDVA, BCDVA, MRSE, CCT, occurrence of post-operative complications between the 2 groups throughout post-operative 1 year. Patients' subjective surgical experiences, including the surgical duration and perceived inconvenience, were comparable between the 2 groups. FLACS resulted in significantly higher aqueous PGE2 (P &lt; 0.01), interleukin (IL)-6 (P = 0.03), IL-8 (P = 0.03), and interferon (IFN)-γ (P = 0.04) concentrations and greater anterior chamber flare at 1 day (P = 0.02).Conclusions: Our RCT presented 1-year longitudinal clinical and laboratory data. The long-term ECC result was more favorable in low-energy FLACS. The rest of the intraoperative and post-operative outcomes, as well as patient-reported outcomes, were comparable between these two procedures.
Effect of Trataka (Yogic Visual Concentration) on the Performance in the Corsi-Block Tapping Task: A Repeated Measures Study
Authors: Swathi P. S. , Bhat Raghavendra , Saoji Apar Avinash 
Published: December 2021

Background and Objective:Attention and memory are essential aspects of cognitive health. Yogasanas, pranayama, and meditation have shown to improve cognitive functions. There has been no assessment ofTrataka(yogic visual concentration) on working or on spatial memory. The present study was planned to assess the immediate effects ofTratakaand of eye exercise sessions on the Corsi-block tapping task (CBTT).Methods:A total of 41 healthy volunteers of both genders with age 23.21 ± 2.81 years were recruited. All participants underwent baseline assessment, followed by 2 weeks of training in Trataka (including eye exercise). Each training session lasted for 20 min/day for 6 days a week. After completion of the training period, a 1-week washout period was given. Each participant then was assessed in two sessions inTratakaand in eye exercise on two separate days, maintaining the same time of the day. Repeated measure analysis of variance with Holm’s adjustment was performed to check the difference between the sessions.Results:Significant within-subjects effects were observed for forward Corsi span andforward total score (p&lt; 0.001), and also for backward Corsi span (p&lt; 0.05) and backward total score (p&lt; 0.05).Post hocanalyses revealedTratakasession to be better than eye exercises and baseline. The eye exercise session did not show any significant changes in the CBTT.Conclusion:The result suggests thatTratakasession improves working memory, spatial memory, and spatial attention.
Use of YouTube as a Source of Information for Quitting or Cutting Down Alcohol
Authors: Al Mahmud Abdullah , Le Anh , Mubin Omar 
Published: December 2021

Background: Although research has been done on considering YouTube for dissuading and encouraging unhealthy behaviours such as smoking, less focus has been placed on its role in quitting or cutting down alcohol. This study aims to analyse the alcohol cessation videos available and accessible on YouTube to gain a more in-depth insight into the ways that YouTube as a platform is being used to persuade with relation to alcohol cessation.Methods: We systematically searched for content on YouTube related to alcohol cessation and these videos were analysed and evaluated for the format, themes, specific alcohol cessation advice, and uploader.Results: The results demonstrated that the collected alcohol cessation videos included a fairly even presence of the themes of discussing the negative impacts of alcohol and the benefits of quitting or staying away from it. At the same time, however, we found the videos were not sourced from professional institutions, such as government or anti-alcohol misuse non-government organisations.Conclusion: More research is needed to investigate utilising YouTube to support those looking to quit or cut down alcohol.
Finding Goal Focus With People With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in a Person-Centered Multi-Component Community Connection Program (M-ComConnect)
Authors: Leeson Rebecca , Collins Michelle , Douglas Jacinta 
Published: December 2021

Background and Objectives: Loss of social connections in the community is a common consequence of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), resulting in reduced well-being and quality of life. M-ComConnect is an individualized multi-component community connection intervention with the key objectives of increasing social activity, developing social relationships, and supporting community participation following severe TBI. As part of the M-ComConnect approach, semi-structured initial interviews were conducted to develop a holistic understanding of each participant and their goal focus for the project. In this paper we describe how clinicians worked with participants to identify a desired community-based social activity in which to participate.Method: Transcripts of initial interviews between participant and clinician were analyzed using the phases of reflexive thematic analysis developed by Braun and Clarke. Participants were ten individuals aged between 24 and 75 with severe TBI. All were living in the community and reported reduced social connections since their TBI. The aim of the analysis was to evaluate the skills and strategies used by clinicians in their interactions with participants to derive goal focus for the program.Results: Thematic analysis of initial interview data revealed three main categories and fourteen sub-categories of clinical strategies. These were: (1) Humanizing (curiosity; demonstrating respect and empathy; providing compliments and affirmations; simple reflections; revealing aspects of self; and humor and laughter), (2) Empowering (emphasizing choice and control; highlighting strengths; identifying roadblocks and reframing to reveal opportunities; and collaborative problem solving), and (3) Focusing (making suggestions; identifying preferences; working with ideas; and negotiating). These strategies aligned with the program's relational approach and supported the core processes of the goal-focussing framework, namely understanding and connecting with you, building a relationship, and working together with you to find focus.Conclusion: The goal-focusing framework and clinical strategies outlined provide guidance for clinicians working with people with TBI in the community and is a promising way to engage clients when focusing on individualized social activity-based goals.
Point-of-care testing, antibiotic prescribing, and prescribing confidence for respiratory tract infections in primary care: a prospective audit in 18 European countries
Authors: van der Velden Alike W , van de Pol Alma C , Bongard Emily , Cianci Daniela , Aabenhus Rune , Balan Anca , Böhmer Femke , Bralić Lang Valerija , Bruno Pascale , Chlabicz Slawomir , Coenen Samuel , Colliers Annelies , García-Sangenís Ana , Ghazaryan Hrachuhi , Godycki-Ćwirko Maciej , Jensen Siri , Lionis Christos , van der Linde Sanne R , Malania Lile , Pauer Jozsef , Tomacinschii Angela , Vellinga Akke , Zastavnyy Ihor , Emmerich Susanne , Zerda Adam , Verheij Theo J , Goossens Herman , Butler Christopher C 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundBetween-country differences have been described in antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infection (RTI) in primary care, but not yet for diagnostic testing procedures and prescribing confidence.AimTo describe between-country differences in RTI management, particularly diagnostic testing and antibiotic prescribing, and investigate which factors relate to antibiotic prescribing and GPs’ prescribing confidence.Design & settingProspective audit in 18 European countries.MethodAn audit of GP-registered patient, clinical, and management characteristics for patients presenting with sore throat and/or lower RTI (n= 4982), and GPs' confidence in their antibiotic prescribing decision. Factors related to antibiotic prescribing and confidence were analysed using multi-level logistic regression.ResultsAntibiotic prescribing proportions varied considerably: <20% in four countries, and >40% in six countries. There was also considerable variation in point-of-care (POC) testing (0% in Croatia, Moldova, and Romania, and >65% in Denmark and Norway, mainly for C-reactive protein [CRP] and group A streptococcal [strep A] infection), and in laboratory or hospital-based testing (<3% in Hungary, the Netherlands, and Spain, and >30% in Croatia, Georgia, Greece, and Moldova, mainly chest X-ray and white blood cell counting). Antibiotic prescribing was related to illness severity, comorbidity, age, fever, and country, but not to having performed a POC test. In nearly 90% of consultations, GPs were confident in their antibiotic prescribing decision.ConclusionDespite high confidence in decisions about antibiotic prescribing, there is considerable variation in the primary care of RTI in European countries, with GPs prescribing antibiotics overall more often than is considered appropriate. POC testing may enhance the quality of antibiotic prescribing decisions if it can safely reverse decisions confidently made on clinical grounds alone to prescribe antibiotics.
INFLUENCE OF RECIPE AND TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE PROPERTIES OF ALKALINE ACTIVATION BINDERS
Authors: Саламанова М. Ш. 
Published: December 2021

В работе исследовано влияние микрокремнезема на кинетику набора прочности, изменение плотности и порового пространства цементного камня, рецептурно-технологических факторов и условий твердения. Обоснованы химические превращения микрокремнезема в условиях щелочной среды, приводящие к изменениям водородного показателя. Структура цементного камня характеризуется присутствием гидроалюмосиликатов натрия и кальция, кристаллических новообразований, близких к ларниту, и их гидратов, аморфной субстанции, сульфоалюминатов кальция, гидроалюминатов кальция.
The paper investigates the effect of microsilica on the kinetics of strength gain, changes in the density and pore space of cement stone, formulation and technological factors and hardening conditions. The chemical transformations of silica fume under alkaline conditions, leading to changes in the pH value, have been substantiated. The structure of the cement stone is characterized by the presence of sodium and calcium hydroaluminosilicates, crystalline neoplasms similar to larnite and their hydrates, amorphous substance, calcium sulfoaluminates, calcium hydroaluminates.
SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND INNOVATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Баснукаев И. Ш. , Абуханов А. З. , Алиев С. А. 
Published: December 2021

Строительство - отрасль материального производства, в которой создаются основные фонды производственного и непроизводственного назначения: готовые к эксплуатации здания, строительные конструкции, сооружения и их комплексы. В данной статье исследуются инновационные технологии и устойчивые строительные материалы, производство которых подразумевает минимальный ущерб экологии и здоровью населения.
Construction is a branch of material production in which fixed assets of industrial and non-industrial purposes are created: ready-to-use buildings, building structures, structures and their complexes. This article examines innovative technologies and sustainable building materials, the production of which implies minimal damage to the environment and public health.
THE DICHOTOMOUS STRUCTURE OF THE TEXTUAL WORLD OF IVAN FRANKO’S NOVEL "LEL’ AND POLEL’" IN THE ASPECT OF LINGUOPOETICS OF MOTIVENESS
Authors: Zaoborna M. 
Published: December 2021

Based on literary studies, the article highlights the text of Ivan Franko's novel "Lel’ and Polel’" from the perspective of motif as a linguistic text category. In this respect, the motive is defined as linked with the personality of the author (narrator) impulse to create the text, related to the psychological aspect of text-creation and actualized by means of certain lingual signals. Understanding the motive as a text-creating category is expressed against the background of the stages of text generation that structure the trajectory of research considerations: situation → actualization of meanings → motive → intention → text concept → semantic organization of text. At the same time, given the presumption of modern French studies on the implicit autobiography of the writer's novels, the conceptual core of the study turns out to be the thesis of the personal senses of the author (narrator) as the basis for the motive. Thus, the effective summarizing positions of the analysis are centered around the linguistic signals associated with the individual consciousness of the sense-creating activity of the writer. In this respect, the intertextual field of the novel is determined to be relevant for grasping the sense, the basis for deriving the motive for creating the text "Lel’ and Pole’l". Intertextual connections, on the one hand, emphasize and maintain the effect of polarity in the text of the novel, and on the other hand, actualize the state of mental dichotomy that the writer experienced throughout his life. On this basis, an implicit presuppositional assessment of life in general and of the man in particular as dual phenomena has been derived, which correlates with the sense-being problem of Franko's life. As a result, the proposed theoretical construct of the logic of understanding the motivation of the text in relation to the novel "Lel’ and Polel’" has been concretized with the conclusive position: the spiritual and mental world of the writer → ambivalent evaluative sense as a basis for the formation of motive → motive, realized in the image of twin brothers → the intensity of explanatory psychology → textual concept as a logos of human destiny. Therefore, the dichotomous structure of the textual world of the novel "Lel’ and Polel’" is realized as a consequence of emanating the nature of the author's motive for the meaningful organization of the text. At the same time, the specificity of the figurative embodiment of the motive, which is consistent with the figurative-conceptual paradigm of text units formed on the basis of changing narrative strategies of the author, connected by means of associative cohesion, determines the centripetal nature of the text of this literary work.
VERBAL ACTUALISATION OF HOLOGRAPHIC EFFECTS IN URBAN SPACE DESCRIPTION (A STUDY OF VIRGINIA WOOLF’S "MRS DALLOWAY")
Authors: Movchan D. 
Published: December 2021

This paper highlights the current state of interpreting the concept of space in literary text as a trend in present-day philological studies. This concept reflects the internal structural and compositional features of literary text and its fragments, further determining its genre features and the author’s individual style characteristics. The paper systematizes the theoretical foundations for the study of literary space, while clarifying the phenomenon of urban space, viewed from semantic and structural perspectives. It focuses on the combination and integration of various semiotic codes and modes of perception against the background of the artistic imitation of other arts, including architecture. The effect of portraying the majesty and congestion of the urban life, its noisy and vibrant nature is achieved due to combining a variety of techniques, which provides a three-dimensional description of the cityscape. The research reveals the mechanisms of verbal holography in the system of urban space representational modes in Virginia Woolf ‘s "Mrs Dalloway", reached through implicit and explicit multimodality along with manifestations of intermediality. Describing the life of London with Big Ben and the Palace of Westminster as its symbols, Virginia Woolf skillfully combines their audible and visual facets not only as of artifacts, but also as part of nature, emphasizing its impact on the atmosphere of the city. The research proves that verbal manifestations of multimodality, detected in the course of analysis, reinforce each other, clearly demonstrating the liveliness and fullness of urban London. The paper concludes with outlining vectors of further research addressing holographic effects in spatial descriptions of cities and towns, while systematizing verbal means used to represent urban space in English literary prose of modernism, as well as defining their functions in literary works by British and American modernist writers.
NARRATIVE SPECIFICITY OF THE SHORT STORY "HEY YOU, LITTLE BARRELL..." BY V. VYNNYCHENKO
Authors: Horban A. 
Published: December 2021

The paper discusses the methodological potential of narratology that extends beyond the boundaries of traditional poetics taking the text of Volodymyr Vynnychenko’s short story "Hey you, little barrell..." as a case study. G. Genette’s definitions of the basic categories of narratology, such as story, discourse, anachronies, narrator’s types and functions, narrative distance and focalization are discussed. First and foremost, categories and paradigms introduced by G. Genette increase the possibilities of literary analysis. For example, there is no concept of a subject of vision (a focalizer) in traditional poetics. The paradigm of narrative perspective (focalization) developed by G. Genette is very important for studies of the narratives, besides, the narrative technique of modernism without this category is incomprehensible at all. Traditional poetics does not pay enough attention to anachrony, considering it together with other "off-plot elements", although analepsis and prolepsis are neither discursive nor descriptive. G. Genette presents detailed classification of analepsises and prolepsises, that determines the functionality of the analysis in context. Secondly, the paper clarifies, that the method of G. Genette’s narratology is not limited to tracing narrative categories as elements – it is also about their constant interrelation, i.e. the narrative model of the stories.
Vynnychenko’s short story is analyzed in terms of correlations between telling, showing and talking, as well as displays of character’s discourse and attributive discourse. The artistic viability of anachronies (analepses and prolepses) is examined in the compositional and semantic aspects. The paper focuses on some specific features of Vynnychenko’s narrative style, such as dominance of mimesis over diegesis, as well as narrative distance and the author’s self-elimination by means of focalization (both the internal and external one) that are typical for modernist writing.