bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A radio technosignature search towards Proxima Centauri resulting in a signal of interest
Authors: Smith Shane , Price Danny C. , Sheikh Sofia Z. , Czech Daniel J. , Croft Steve , DeBoer David , Gajjar Vishal , Isaacson Howard , Lacki Brian C. , Lebofsky Matt , MacMahon David H. E. , Ng Cherry , Perez Karen I. , Siemion Andrew P. V. , Webb Claire Isabel , Drew Jamie , Worden S. Pete , Zic Andrew 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe detection of life beyond Earth is an ongoing scientific pursuit, with profound implications. One approach, known as the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI), seeks to find engineered signals (‘technosignatures’) that indicate the existence of technologically capable life beyond Earth. Here, we report on the detection of a narrowband signal of interest at ~982 MHz, recorded during observations towards Proxima Centauri with the Parkes Murriyang radio telescope. This signal, BLC1, has characteristics broadly consistent with hypothesized technosignatures and is one of the most compelling candidates to date. Analysis of BLC1—which we ultimately attribute to being an unusual but locally generated form of interference—is provided in a companion paper. Nevertheless, our observations of Proxima Centauri are a particularly sensitive search for radio technosignatures towards a stellar target.
Long-term variation of 90Sr and 137Cs in environmental and food samples around Qinshan nuclear power plant, China
Authors: Cao Yiyao , Zhao Zhixin , Wang Peng , Yu Shunfei , Lai Zhongjun , Zhang Meibian , Gao Xiangjing , Zhao Yaoxian , Xuan Zhiqiang , Ren Hong , Zhang Dongxia , Lou Xiaoming 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEnvironmental radioactivity monitoring in the surroundings of nuclear facilities is important to provide baseline data for effective detection in case of any radioactive release in the region. In this work, we report for the first time the long-term monitoring data of 137Cs and 90Sr in environmental and food samples around Qinshan nuclear power plant in 2012–2019. The distribution levels, temporal variations and source terms of 137Cs and 90Sr in the investigated samples were discussed. The annual effective dose (AED) for the local population from the ingestion of foods was also evaluated. Peak values of 90Sr and 137Cs concentrations and 137Cs/90Sr activity ratio were observed in total atmospheric deposition in 2016 and some water and food samples in the following years. This seems to be associated to an additional radioactive input, mostly likely from the operational release of a local facility. This demonstrates that 90Sr and 137Cs, especially the 137Cs/90Sr activity ratio, are sensitive indicators for detecting potential radioactive releases. Nevertheless, overall 90Sr and 137Cs activity concentrations measured during 2012–2019 in this work were at the background levels with average AED far below the internationally permissible limit and recommendation.
Risk factors and clinical analysis of peripherally inserted central catheter-related fungal colonization in premature infants
Authors: Zhang Lingping , Yang Liu , Dong Wenbin , Liu Xingling , Lei Xiaoping , Zhang Lianyu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe aimed to analyze the risk factors of positive peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)-related fungal colonization in preterm infants. This retrospective study collected data from 2018 to 2020. The enrolled infants who underwent PICC insertion were born at < 32 weeks’ gestation or birth weight < 1500 g. The demographics, PICC-related characteristics, and treatment information were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate risk factors for PICC-related fungal colonization. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off values for the duration of antibiotics and parenteral nutrition. In total, 124 premature infants underwent PICC insertion. Among them, 19 patients had positive results of fungi on the PICC tips. The duration of antibiotics (odds ratio [OR] 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.31), parenteral nutrition infusion (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.05–1.54), and postnatal glucocorticoid exposure (OR 9.48, 95% CI 1.06–84.98) were independent risk factors for fungal colonization in PICCs. The ROC curves showed that the risk increased after 15 days of antibiotic use and 28 days of parenteral nutrition infusion. Appropriate clinical management should be used to prevent fungal colonization and fungemia.
Antidiabetic effect of gemigliptin: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with Bayesian inference through a quality management system
Authors: Oh Hojin , Nguyen Hai Duc , Yoon In Mo , Ahn Byung-Ryong , Kim Min-Sun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGemigliptin is one of the latest dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors developed by LG Life Sciences. Since the early 2000s, several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of gemigliptin have been conducted. However, no study has directly compared its antidiabetic effects through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Therefore, in this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on RCTs. In particular, a subsequent meta-analysis was performed using Bayesian inference, and an updated quality management system model was integrated throughout our study. The mean differences and 95% confidence intervals for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), homeostatic model assessment beta cell function (HOMA-β), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were evaluated for the efficacy outcomes of gemigliptin as compared to those of placebo and other oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs). In conclusion, we found that gemigliptin was superior to placebo and comparable to other OADs in terms of the effect on HbA1c, FPG, HOMA-β, and LDL. Further, gemigliptin was more effective than other OADs in HbA1c and HOMA-β in Bayesian inference analysis and statistically significant to other OADs in HbA1c and HOMA-β in sensitivity analysis excluding metformin. However, to confirm the results, more studies need to be analysed and the minimum clinically important difference must be applied.
Prediction of fall risk among community-dwelling older adults using a wearable system
Authors: Lockhart Thurmon E. , Soangra Rahul , Yoon Hyunsoo , Wu Teresa , Frames Christopher W. , Weaver Raven , Roberto Karen A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFalls are among the most common cause of decreased mobility and independence in older adults and rank as one of the most severe public health problems with frequent fatal consequences. In the present study, gait characteristics from 171 community-dwelling older adults were evaluated to determine their predictive ability for future falls using a wearable system. Participants wore a wearable sensor (inertial measurement unit, IMU) affixed to the sternum and performed a 10-m walking test. Measures of gait variability, complexity, and smoothness were extracted from each participant, and prospective fall incidence was evaluated over the following 6-months. Gait parameters were refined to better represent features for a random forest classifier for the fall-risk classification utilizing three experiments. The results show that the best-trained model for faller classification used both linear and nonlinear gait parameters and achieved an overall 81.6 ± 0.7% accuracy, 86.7 ± 0.5% sensitivity, 80.3 ± 0.2% specificity in the blind test. These findings augment the wearable sensor's potential as an ambulatory fall risk identification tool in community-dwelling settings. Furthermore, they highlight the importance of gait features that rely less on event detection methods, and more on time series analysis techniques. Fall prevention is a critical component in older individuals’ healthcare, and simple models based on gait-related tasks and a wearable IMU sensor can determine the risk of future falls.
Lattice dynamics in CePd2Al2 and LaPd2Al2
Authors: Doležal Petr , Cejpek Petr , Tsutsui Satoshi , Kaneko Koji , Legut Dominik , Carva Karel , Javorský Pavel 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe interaction between phonons and 4f electrons, which is forming a new quantum state (quasi-bound state) beyond Born-Oppenheimer approximation, is very prominent and lattice dynamics plays here a key role. There is only a small number of compounds in which the experimental observation suggest such a scenario. One of these compounds is CePd2Al2. Here the study of phonon dispersion curves of (Ce,La)Pd2Al2 at 1.5, 7.5, 80 and 300 K is presented. The inelastic X-ray scattering technique was used for mapping the phonon modes at X and Z points as well as in Λ and Δ directions, where the symmetry analysis of phonon modes was performed. The measured spectra are compared with the theoretical calculation, showing very good agreement. The measurements were performed in several Brillouin zones allowing the reconstruction of phonon dispersion curves. The results are discussed with respect to the magneto-elastic interaction and are compared with other cerium compounds. The phonon mode symmetry A1g was found to be unaffected by the interaction, which is in contrast to previous assumptions.
The gut commensal fungus, Candida parapsilosis, promotes high fat-diet induced obesity in mice
Authors: Sun Shanshan , Sun Li , Wang Kai , Qiao Shanshan , Zhao Xinyue , Hu Xiaomin , Chen Wei , Zhang Shuyang , Li Hantian , Dai Huanqin , Liu Hongwei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGut fungi is known to play many important roles in human health regulations. Herein, we investigate the anti-obesity efficacy of the antifungal antibiotics (amphotericin B, fluconazole and 5-fluorocytosine) in the high fat diet-fed (HFD) mice. Supplementation of amphotericin B or fluconazole in water can effectively inhibit obesity and its related disorders, whereas 5-fluorocytosine exhibit little effects. The gut fungus Candida parapsilosis is identified as a key commensal fungus related to the diet-induced obesity by the culture-dependent method and the inoculation assay with C. parapsilosis in the fungi-free mice. In addition, the increase of free fatty acids in the gut due to the production of fungal lipases from C. parapsilosis is confirmed as one mechanism by which C. parapsilosis promotes obesity. The current study demonstrates the gut C. parapsilosis as a causal fungus for the development of diet-induced obesity in mice and highlights the therapeutic strategy targeting the gut fungi.
Fe2O3/rGO/CNT composite sulfur hosts with physical and chemical dual-encapsulation for high performance lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Dong Wei , Meng Lingqiang , Zhao Meina , Yang Fang , Shen Ding , Hong Xiaodong , Tang Shuwei , Sun Wen , Yang Shaobin 
Published: October 2021

A sulfur host material of a Fe2O3/rGO/CNT fluffy composite with Fe2O3 and CNTs being dispersed between the rGO interlayers has been prepared by a hydrothermal reaction. The initial specific capacity of Fe2O3/rGO/CNT/S at 2C is 899 mA h g−1.
Word Fluency Test Performance in Primary Progressive Aphasia and Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Scheffel Lucia , Duffy Joseph R. , Strand Edythe A. , Josephs Keith A. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose
This study compared performance on three-word fluency measures among individuals with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and primary progressive apraxia of speech (PPAOS), and examined the relationship between word fluency and other measures of language and speech.

Method
This study included 106 adults with PPA and 30 adults with PPAOS. PPA participants were divided into three clinical subgroups: semantic (svPPA), logopenic (lvPPA), and nonfluent/agrammatic with or without apraxia of speech (nfPPA). Category fluency, letter fluency, and action/verb fluency tasks were administered to all participants.

Results
The four clinical groups performed abnormally on the word fluency measures, although not to a degree that represented high sensitivity to their PPA or PPAOS diagnosis. All PPA subgroups produced fewer words compared to individuals with PPAOS on all word fluency measures. Moderate correlations were found between word fluency and aphasia severity and naming performance in some of the clinical groups.

Conclusions
Word fluency measures are often challenging for individuals with PPA and PPAOS, but they are not of equal difficulty, with letter fluency being the most difficult. Differences among word fluency tests also vary to some degree as a function of the clinical group in question, with least impairment in PPAOS. However, the findings of this study do not support statistically significant differences in word fluency task performance among the PPA subgroups. Correlations suggest that word fluency performance in PPA is at least partly related to aphasia severity.
Numerical comparison between conventional and interdigitated flow fields in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs)
Authors: Corda Giuseppe , d’Adamo Alessandro , Riccardi Matteo 
Published: October 2021

The recent trend towards the decarbonization of the energy system has renewed the scientific community's interest in fuel cells. These devices have the potential to eliminate, or greatly reduce, the production of greenhouse gases. Polymeric Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) are among the most promising technologies in this regard, being suited for various applications in stationary power plants, vehicles, and portable power devices. The critical issues in PEMFC are the limitation of oxygen transport through the air cathode and water management at high current density operation, which could be largely limited by modifying the design of the reactant supplier channels. In this paper, a three-dimensional CFD approach is used to compare straight and interdigitated flow fields, focusing on the increased current density and improved water management in the diffusion and catalyst layers for the interdigitated design. The simulation results show that the fluid is forced to flow through the porous layers, promoting a convection-type transport, leading to better water removal from the porous layers as well as to increased transport rates of reactants/products to/from the catalyst layers.
This leads to reduced concentration overpotentials, and it shows the potential of simulation-driven design for high energy density PEMFC systems.
A Study of Mesh Sheets of 3-kW Stirling Engine
Authors: Enomoto Takeshi , Matsuguchi Atsushi , Kagawa Noboru 
Published: October 2021

In recent years, the interest in low-pollution and high-efficiency heat engines has been increasing due to the growing awareness of environmental protection, and power generation at relatively low temperatures, such as use of exhaust heat and sunlight, has been attracting attention. Compared with other heat engines, Stirling engine is very important because it can be driven by any heat source at low temperatures, such as exhaust heat, and it does not emit exhaust gas. In order to realize a more efficient Stirling engine, it is essential to design a heat exchange system that is suitable for each component.
Performance measurement and analysis on a new mesh regenerator material at low temperature difference using a 2-piston alpha-type 3-kW Stirling engine, NS03T are carried out. Mesh sheets developed for high performance Stirling engines can be designed with CAD and CAM technologies by etching process. For this study, M5 and M7 mesh sheets which are thin sheets of stainless steel with square holes in a grid arrangement, are used. With nitrogen and helium as the working fluid, the engine performance is measured by changing the charge pressure, heating temperature, and engine speed to clarify the flow resistance and heat transfer characteristics of the M5 and M7.
Hoodia gordonii (Masson) Sweet ex Decaisne
Authors: Latté Klaus Peter 
Published: October 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hoodia gordonii wird seit Langem von den indigenen Einwohnern des südlichen Afrikas, den Khoisan, zur Stillung des Hungers und des Durstes während langer Jagdreisen angewendet. Zahlreiche seltene Steroidglykoside wurden isoliert, u.a. auch die Substanz „P57“, die als wirksamer Stoff angesehen wurde. Einige Wirkmechanismen wurden für die Steroidglykoside und für Extrakte beschrieben, die die appetitunterdrückende Wirkung belegen. Ausgehend von diesem Wissen wurden von internationalen Firmen in den 1990er und 2000er Jahren Produkte mit H. gordonii bzw. „P57“ zur Gewichtsreduktion bei Übergewicht entwickelt. Nur eine klinische Studie ist jedoch in voller Länge veröffentlicht, in der eine Gewichtsreduktion bei Übergewicht nicht bestätigt werden konnte. Die Nutzung und Vermarktung dieser Pflanze war aufgrund von Fragen zu den „intellectual property rights“ und zum sog. „benefit sharing“ sehr umstritten.
Diagnostic Accuracy of SWAN in the Diagnosis of Low-Flow Brain Vascular Malformations in Childhood
Authors: Akyel Nazlı Gülsüm , Alımlı Ayşe Gül , Sivri Mesut , Akmaz Ünlü Havva , Tiftik Mehmet 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose The main objective of this study is to demonstrate the diagnostic accuracy of susceptibility-weighted angiography (SWAN) in the diagnosis of slow-flow cerebral vascular malformations, especially developmental venous anomaly (DVA). We also aimed to determine the prevalence of DVAs identified by SWAN at 1.5 T.
Methods We retrospectively evaluated 1,760 axial SWAN images for the diagnosis of low-flow vascular anomaly. Among them were 305 patients who underwent contrast-enhanced examination due to different indications. Postcontrast images were analyzed by different radiologists who were blinded to patients. The presence of DVA and other features such as location, length, depth, and direction of drainage vein was evaluated.
Results Twenty-six patients with DVA had both SWAN and postcontrast images. There were four false-negative patients with SWAN. The sensitivity of the SWAN sequence was 84.6%. In addition, totally 77 DVA (4.36%), 2 capillary telangiectasia (0.11%), and 2 cavernous malformations (0.11%) were detected in 1,760 patients.
Conclusion SWAN is an effective method for the diagnosis of developmental venous anomalies and other low-flow cerebral vascular malformations. Especially in the pediatric age, susceptibility-weighted imaging sequences are useful to limit contrast use.
Acute Ischemic Stroke in a Young Child and Its Association with SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Shree Nivya , Kommalur Anitha , M. Lakshmi , Kariyappa Mallesh , Devadas Sahana , Kumble Dhanalakshmi , Sajjan Sushma Veeranna , Rangegowda Ravichandra Kothur , Patel Ashray Sudarshan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children has been shown to have lower morbidity and mortality in children as compared with adults. The neurological complications related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are increasingly reported in children, yet the cerebrovascular complications are rare. We report a case of a toddler who presented with right-sided hemiparesis and motor aphasia, with an antecedent history suggestive of COVID-19 infection. The child tested negative on the nasopharyngeal swab for real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), but the serology for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay was positive. The neuroimaging showed an acute infarct in the left middle cerebral artery territory. A detailed evaluation for causes of childhood stroke was unrevealing, except for the presence of severe iron deficiency anemia (IDA). The child was diagnosed as acute ischemic stroke (AIS) most probably secondary to mild COVID-19 infection. The objective of this case report is to explain the possibility of AIS after a mild COVID-19 infection, complicated by the underlying severe IDA. Therefore, an association between COVID-19 and stroke in children needs to be emphasized and RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 as well as serological assay must be included in the workup of stroke in the young.
Isomerization and reorientation of Disperse Red 1 in poly(ethyl methacrylate)
Authors: Grebenkin S. , Syutkin V. M. 
Published: October 2021

Irradiation of azobenzene-containing polymer materials with light causes cis–trans isomerization and reorientation of azobenzene moieties and thereby changes in the optical properties of the materials. In this study, the film of poly(ethyl methacrylate) doped with the azobenzene derivative Disperse Red 1 (DR1) has been irradiated with the linearly polarized light of 546 nm. The time profiles of optical anisotropy and absorbance measured during irradiation have been analyzed using a kinetic model. Based on the analysis of the time profiles, we conclude that the light-induced reorientation of DR1 molecules occurs in confined environments where trans → cis isomerization is hindered, while in roomy environments, there is no reorientation. In the confined environment, reorientation occurs due to the environmental changes caused by the isomerization attempts of the DR1 molecule. The polymer environment affects thermal cis → trans and light-induced trans → cis isomerizations of the DR1 molecule differently, suggesting that the spatial requirements for these processes to proceed are different. The thermal isomerization does not result in the reorientation of DR1 molecules in roomy environments.
Leveraging lifetime information to perform real-time 3D single-particle tracking in noisy environments
Authors: Zhao Tian , Beckwith Joseph S. , Amin M. Junaid , Pálmai Marcell , Snee Preston T. , Tien Ming , Yang Haw 
Published: October 2021

A microscopy platform that leverages the arrival time of individual photons to enable 3D single-particle tracking of fast-moving (translational diffusion coefficient of ≃3.3 µm2/s) particles in high-background environments is reported here. It combines a hardware-based time-gating module, which enables the rate of photon processing to be as high as 100 MHz, with a two-photon-excited 3D single-particle tracking confocal microscope to enable high sample penetration depth. Proof-of-principle experiments where single quantum dots are tracked in solutions containing dye-stained cellulose, are shown with tracking performance markedly improved using the hardware-based time-gating module. Such a microscope design is anticipated to be of use to a variety of communities who wish to track single particles in cellular environments, which commonly have high fluorescence and scattering background.
Tungsten enzymes play a role in detoxifying food and antimicrobial aldehydes in the human gut microbiome
Authors: Schut Gerrit J. , Thorgersen Michael P. , Poole Farris L. , Haja Dominik K. , Putumbaka Saisuki , Adams Michael W. W. 
Published: October 2021

Significance
The diverse microorganisms contained within the human gut are known to have significant effects on human health. Herein, we show that genes encoding members of the tungsten oxidoreductase (WOR) family of enzymes and a tungstate-specific transporter are prevalent in the human gut microbiome and metagenome. We demonstrate that two model gut microbes assimilate tungsten into multiple WOR enzymes and that some of these enzymes catalyze the conversion of gut aldehydes to the corresponding acid, likely as a detoxification strategy to remove these reactive compounds.
Roe-inspired stem cell microcapsules for inflammatory bowel disease treatment
Authors: Chen Guopu , Wang Fengyuan , Nie Min , Zhang Hui , Zhang Han , Zhao Yuanjin 
Published: October 2021

Significance
We present roe-inspired microcapsules for therapeutic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) encapsulation with immune-isolating, wet-adhesive, and nutrient-rich capabilities. Due to the core-shell structure, the encapsulated MSCs could escape from the immune system and maintain immunomodulating functions. Furthermore, the roe proteins encapsulated with MSCs in the core phase provided adequate nutritional supply. By adding epsilon-poly-L-lysine-graft-methacrylamide and dopamine methacrylamide in the shell phase, the microcapsules might securely attach to the surface of the bowels. The encapsulated MSCs could relieve inflammatory bowel disease through modulating macrophage polarization. Based on these features, the roe-inspired microcapsules have great research value in clinical application.