bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow trephine biopsy in haematological
Authors: Bar Prasenjit Kumar , Barman Dilip Chandra , Chakrabarti Nirmalya , Ray Achintya Narayan , Goswami Bidyut Krishna 
Published: December 2024

Bone marrow study is of fundamental importance in most haematological disorders including haematological malignancies, carried out to permit cytological assessment and for other specialized investigations. Trephine biopsy gives histological details of marrow including cellularity, fibrosis and reveals the causes of dry tap. Finer cytomorphological details of marrow elements can be ascertained by the imprint smears from the biopsy material. A total of 50 cases of haematological malignancies of both sexes within the age group of 4-82 years, were studied by cross sectional, descriptive study. Smears and biopsy sections were stained with routine and special stains. Bone marrow reticulin status was noted. The bone marrow aspiration results were correlated with the trephine biopsy reports and analyzed with standard statistical methods. Out of 50 cases, diagnostic bone marrow aspiration (BMA) and bone marrow trephine biopsy (BMTB) were done in 44 cases and trephine biopsy alone in rest of the 6 cases. Bone marrow aspiration was non-diagnostic in 1 case (due to focal involvement) and dry tap occurred in 5 cases. Total 21 cases of acute leukaemia, bone marrow aspiration alone could reach to the diagnosis in 17 (81%) cases. Single case of acute myelofibrosis was diagnosed only by bone marrow biopsy. Mild to moderate degree increase in reticulin fibrosis were noted in 18 (36%) cases. Bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow trephine biopsy act as a complementary to each other so far the diagnosis and management of hematologic malignancies are concerned.
Evaluation of changes in high resolution computed tomography temporal bone in patients of chronic otitis media - Squamosal type
Authors: Bhargava Anuja , Kacker Varun , Srivastava Saurabh , Faiz S.M , Gupta Rajeev , Khanduri Sachin , Srivastava Sonal , Khalid Abdul 
Published: December 2024

: To evaluate the changes in HRCT temporal bone in patients having Chronic otitis media - squamosal type.: A total of 60 patients diagnosed as having squamosal type chronic otitis media were assessed on the basis of clinical history, examination under microscope and otoscopic examination findings. An HRCT was performed to examine the location and size of the cholesteatoma, the progression of the pathology in the middle ear and antrum, the status of the ossicular chains, the scutum, the health of the facial nerve, the tegmen plate, and the progression of diseases outside the middle ear.: Of 60 patients, males were more commonly affected with decreased hearing sensitivity being the most common complaint. Ossicular erosion was the commonest finding in HRCT temporal bone. HRCT helps in assessing the changes in temporal bone in patients of Chronic Otitis Media Squamosal and correlating them with clinical findings.HRCT Temporal bone is a common modality available in diagnosing and knowing the extent of the disease, and can inform the clinician of its extent, severity, and associated pathologies.
Evaluation and validation of Fournier gangrene severity index and additional mortality related risk factors in patients with Fournier\'s gangrene in tertiary care setup in Haryana
Authors: Goel Kanwar Singh , Singhal Bhumika , Kumar Anil , Goel Sapna , Arora Tanay , Narayan Auditi 
Published: December 2024

This study is performed to validate Fournier's gangrene severity index and evaluate the risk factors for predicting mortality in patients with Fournier's Gangrene and to evaluate the validity of FGSI scoring system in predicting mortality in FG patients as well as to evaluate additional risk factors/ parameters for predicting mortality in patient with FG. This is a prospective observational study conducted in tertiary care hospital in Gurugram, Haryana under FMHS SGT HOSPITAL over the period of 18 months from January 2021 to Aug 2022. A total of 90 IPD patients with diagnosis of FG fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the study and divided in 2 groups of survivor and no survivor, to evaluate the validity of FGSI scoring system in predicting mortality in FG patients and additional risk factors/ parameters for predicting mortality in patient with FG. Out of all, 66 patients survived (73.33%), while 24 died (26.66%).The mean FGSI score was 4.67-3.44SD in patients who survived, and it was 9.82±5.20SD in patients who died. The difference in the mean FGSI score was found to be statistically significant by test (p=0.001) with higher scores among non-survivors. FGSI score of 9 or more 9 is associated with increased mortality which is highly statistically significant (p-value &#60;0.001). Pain in the genital region was the commonest, which was seen in 69 (76.66%) patients. It was followed by swelling and discoloration in the genitalia, seen in 42(46.66%) and 32 (35.55%) patients respectively. The most common etiology of Fournier’s gangrene was idiopathic in origin seen in 33.33% cases. Fournier’s gangrene has high mortality rate in elderly patients with comorbidities. Pain and swelling of genitalia are the two commonest presenting symptoms. Blackish discoloration, and ulceration with discharge are seen in patients presenting late. Disease is idiopathic in majority of patients. Common identifiable causes are ischiorectal/gluteal abscess, urogenital trauma, urinary tract infections and anorectal surgeries. Most common portal of entry of infection is penoscrotal. Anorectal and urogenital route and cutaneous route are other routes in decreasing order of frequency. FGSI is a valid tool for prognosis with increased risk of mortality at score more than 9 with a diagnostic accuracy of 83.3%.
Clinical profile of hepatitis b reactivation in HBSAG-Negative and anti-HBC- Positive patients receiving anticancer chemotherapy
Authors: E Kandasamy Aliaskumar , G Geetha , A Shafique , R Poppy Rejoice , Gobinath Roshni , U Ramukrishnan , R Kishore Kumar 
Published: December 2024

The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in HBsAg-negative and anti-HBc-positive individuals following chemotherapy for various cancers remains unknown. This research focused on investigating the prevalence and clinical features of HBV reactivation in HBsAg negative and anti –HBc-positive patients. This is prospective research involving cancer patients on chemotherapy who develop hepatitis B surface antigen positivity in a previously hepatitis B surface antigen-negative and hepatitis core antibody-positive patient. The analysis included 40 patients and followed up for 8 months.Among 40 patients, mostly 97.5% had a solid tumor and 3(2.5%)patients had haematological malignancy. The majority (42.5%) received anthracycline-based therapy and others received cisplatinum plus 5 fluorouracil therapy, platinum-based therapy and steroid therapy.In our study, almost all patients with HBsAg negative and HBcAb positive patients undergoing chemotherapy for solid tumor shows HBV reactivation. So antivirals may be considered in HBsAg negative and HBcAb positive patients undergoing chemotherapy for solid tumor regardless of HBV DNA level and HBsAg seroconversion.
Histopathological audit of hysterectomies for analysis of indication and respective pathology at tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Deshmukh Suchita , Thomake Amruta K , Patil Pragnya , Harsiyani Bhavini , Shinde Ravindra 
Published: December 2024

Even though many medical and conservative surgical treatment options are existing, hysterectomy still is the most commonly performed major gynecological procedure worldwide. Histological examination is mandatory for the uterine specimen after hysterectomy. The present study aims to audit indications and to rationalize the surgery by relating preoperative diagnosis with histopathology reports in tertiary care hospitals. Present study was retrospective study conducted on hysterectomy (uterus and cervix) specimens received in Pathology department. The gross and histological findings of respective cases were retrieved from the histopathological section and wherever necessary re-sectioning, processing and staining done for analysis. The preoperative indications were correlated with histopathological findings of the resected specimen. Among 150 cases of Hysterectomies studied most common age group was 5th decade seen in 50.67%. Most prevalent presenting symptoms was abnormal menstrual bleeding in 31.33% cases. In 45.34% cases indication of hysterectomy was fibroid which correlated histologically in most cases. On histopathological examination in 44% cases finding in endometrium was proliferative phase of endometrium. Atypical endometrial hyperplasia found in 4 cases, while single case of endometrial adenocarcinoma was reported. In 63.99% finding in cervix was chronic cervicitis. Cervical dysplasia seen only in 4 cases justifying earlier age of hysterectomies performed. Of total 150 cases, 128 were concordant with the histopathological diagnosis and 22 cases were non-concordant. P value was calculated and it shows high significance (P &#60;0.0001) with association of clinical diagnosis with histopathological findings. There was wide spectrum of histopathological findings in hysterectomy specimens which needs to be evaluated histopathological examination. Hysterectomy can be an option of treatment when other treatment options are not available and regular audit of hysterectomies should be conducted.
Clinical profile and treatment outcome of patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
Authors: Bashir Anisha Ameena , Meherali Hanadi , Chandrakar Santwana 
Published: December 2024

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is an uncommon cause of stroke often affecting young individuals and it can pose a diagnostic dilemma due to its diverse clinical presentation. An analysis of patients admitted with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) at D.Y. Patil Hospital, Navi Mumbai, was conducted to assess etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and prognosis. The study concluded that early recognition and timely intervention is essential for good outcome. The use of imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging, is required for diagnosis and monitoring. A study conducted on thirty patients withclinical features and MRIsuggestive of CVST.The average age of presentation was 31.53 years, with 60% of cases being females. The predominant symptoms were headache (36.7%) and seizures (33.3%). The superior sagittal sinus, transverse sinus, and sigmoid sinus were most affected. Low molecular weight heparin was administered to 83.3% of patients, whereas 16.7% received unfractionated heparin. 73.3% of patients had fully recovery and 26.7% had partially recovered after treatment. A variety of symptoms and signs can be observed with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. The most common symptom was headache, with thrombosis mainly affecting the transverse sinuses, superior sagittal sinuses, and sigmoid sinuses. An aggressive anticoagulation regimen yields excellent clinical outcomes.
Comorbidities associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the drug prescribing trends
Authors: Quazi Shadma , Siddiqui Riyaz A , Tanaji R Shende  , Dashputra Amruta V 
Published: December 2024

A widespread health issue in the world, diabetes mellitus is accompanied by a number of co-morbidities. Many antidiabetic drugs are available with different mechanisms of action and safety profiles. This study's goal was to assess the co-morbidities that type 2 diabetes patients experience & to evaluate current prescribing trends of antidiabetic drugs.It was a cross-sectional study that was conducted in a tertiary care medical facility's outpatient department of medicine. It was six months conducted from July 2022 to December 2022. The approval of study, was taken from institutional ethics committee. The details of patients attending the outpatient department of medicine having diabetes mellitus with associated comorbidities are recorded in a case record form.Out of the 80 patients that were evaluated,48 (60%) were males and 32 (40%) were females. The commonly associated comorbidities found are hypertension in 82.5%, suffered from hyperlipidemia in 58.7%, and cardiovascular conditions in 46.2% later followed by others. Metformin in 81% followed by glimepiride + Metformin at 43%, Vildagliptin 26%, and Dapaglifozin 16%, followed by others were the commonly prescribed antidiabetic agents. Hypertension, hyperlipidaemia & cardiovascular conditions were the commonly associated comorbidities with type 2 DM. Metformin followed by glimepiride+ metformin, Vildagliptin & Dapaglifozin were commonly prescribed. sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and DPP)-4 inhibitors are potential new therapies with good safety profiles.
Headache: A primary indicator for depression in out patient department at a teritiary care hospital
Authors: Divan Ritika , Chaurasia Santosh Kumar , Kumar Sonu 
Published: December 2024

Headache is a very frequently reported complaint in psychiatric out patient department which is the most neglected symptom in now a days hectic life scenario until and unless it will not hampers the daily routine activities of a human being. Both Headache and low mood are very common but still the frequency of patients attending an outpatient department is far lesser for depression compared to headache whereas Headache is quite a very common presenting complaint reported by the patients. 100 patients presenting with chief complaints of headache were taken from Psychiatric outpatient department of Maharishi Devraha Baba Autonomous State Medical College from august 2022 to november2022. All patients were assessed for routine pathological blood investigation, psychological testing mental status examination and clinical examination. On testing questionnaire on all 100 patients who were taken in this study all of them shows symptoms that fulfils the criteria for Depression 5% of the patients exhibits mild Depression,12%of the patients shows borderline Depression,70% of the patients shows moderate Depression whereas 8% of the patients shows severe Depression.This study emphasizes the importance of accurate diagnosis of depression, emphasizing the need for proper analysis of patient complaints, particularly headaches, to prevent misdiagnosis.
Predictors of treatment success in corneal surface disorder: A comparative analysis of amniotic membrane grafting and medical management
Authors: Shukla Aparna , Yadav Pawan Kumar , Arya Ajay Kumar 
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study was to determine the predictors of treatment success in corneal surface disorders.The study included a total of 40 patients who were divided into two groups: Group A underwent Amniotic Membrane Grafting, while Group B received Conventional Medical Management. The patients were followed for a duration of 8 weeks after treatment. At the end of the 8-week period, visual acuity was measured using the Snellen chart, and any remaining symptoms were assessed.The study included 40 cases of corneal ulcer, with 23 (57.5%) being male and 17 (42.5%) female. Ocular surface disorders observed in the cases included persistent epithelial defect (55%), impending perforated corneal ulcer (25%), symblepharon due to chemical injury (10%) and perforated corneal ulcer (10%). Relief from symptoms such as pain levels (n=1), photophobia (n=1), foreign body (FB) sensation (n=0), eye watering (n=1), redness (n=1), and discharge (n=0) was observed earlier (4th week) in Group B compared to Group A (8th week). The majority of patients in Group B experienced relief from these symptoms by the end of the follow-up period. The success rate of the AMG-treated group was higher (85%) compared to the conventional medical management group (60%). Baseline uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) improved from 2.67 logMAR to 1.03 logMAR within 1 to 4 weeks after surgery and to 0.76 logMAR at the last follow-up in Group B, while it improved from +2.67 to +0.85 at the last follow-up in Group A.Amniotic membrane grafting is an effective treatment choice for promoting healing in corneal wounds that do not respond to conventional treatment.
Association of ABO and Rh blood group with susceptibility, severity and mortality of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) - A tertiary hospital based study in Gondia Maharashtra, India
Authors: Saha Jayanta , Jadhao Pravin S , Beeson Thomas 
Published: December 2024

: Couple of years past since the first inception of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus-2; (COVID-19) from Wuhan china, spreading its tentacles across the world resulting in a pandemic situation of modern times, leading to numerous mortal death a cross the world. Since classical blood group ABO and Rhesus blood group are linked with various viral diseases the objective of the study was to find out if any association of susceptibility, severity and mortality of COVID – 19 with classical blood group ABO and Rhesus blood.: The main objective of this study is to find if any association of susceptibility (vulnerability) of COVID-19 infection and ABO & Rhesus blood type among Indian population.: A hospital based study conducted retrospectively among SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infected hospitalized patient above the age of 18 years of both sexes. A total of 583 (Five hundred eighty-three) COVID-19 positive adult hospitalized patients were taken for this study and equal number of non COVID-19 adult patients was taken as a comparison group. Statistical significant was tested using Chi-square test. : No significant statistical association was obtained between classical blood group ABO and Rhesus blood type and susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. Our study result also shows no significant association of classical blood group ABO and Rhesus blood type with severity or mortality of COVID-19 infection.: our study result shows COVID-19 positive cases are more found in AB type and least in O type blood, though the study result reported no statistically significant association.
Evaluation of haematological and coagulation profile in covid-19 patients: A prospective study
Authors: Sthul Ankit , Gaikwad Amrapali , Bode Anjali , Kowe Balwant 
Published: December 2024

Covid-19 stems from the new coronavirus, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Careful evaluation of laboratory indices at baseline and during the disease course can assist in identifying disease progression and prompt treatment. Present study is aimed to analyse these laboratory parameters of patients with Covid-19 infection. Our study seeks to examine the hematological and coagulation profile parameters in patients with confirmed positive results in RT-PCR testing for COVID-19 in ICU and non ICU wards. The study involves assessing hematological and coagulation profile parameters both upon admission and after a 4-day hospitalization period, with a subsequent analysis of their correlation with radiological findings. The approach employed in this investigation is that of a prospective observational study conducted over a period of 24 months on 300 patients. All RT-PCR positive Covid-19 patients above 18 years of age were included. 300 patients were divided into 2 groups A and B. Group A included patients diagnosed as RT-PCR positive Covid-19 and admitted in non-ICU ward. Group B included RT-PCR positive patients admitted in ICU. Haematological parameters like Complete blood count (CBC) and coagulation profile parameters like Prothrombin time (PT), Partial thromboplastin time (Aptt), Fibrinogen and D-dimer were studied on the day of admission and on 4th day of hospital stay. These laboratory parameters were correlated with radiological findings and patients outcome. This study aims to give importance to the laboratory parameters at baseline and during the disease course so that patient’s clinical complications can be predicted early and appropriate management can be done.
Significance of impedance based platelet parameters in prediction of acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Koppalkar Rachana , Athira K P , Amber Safeena 
Published: December 2024

The primary cause of coronary artery disease is atherosclerosis and its complications. Formation of coronary thrombus and initiation of atherosclerotic lesions are significantly influenced by platelets and their activity. Compared to smaller platelets, giant platelets have a larger potential thrombotic ability and are more metabolically and enzymatically active. The objective of the current research is to determine the significance and role of platelet indices by comparing the values in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) to those in healthy controls. This prospective case-control study was carried out in a tertiary care centre with 100 cases and 100 controls for 6 months. Blood samples were taken when the patient was admitted. Platelet indices were measured within 30 minutes of blood collection using an automated haematology analyzer.Platelet indices such as Mean platelet volume, Platelet distribution width and Platelet large cell ratio were substantially greater in patients with ACS than in healthy controls. Platelet count and Plateletcrit showed lower level in ACS patients with respect to controls.Platelet indices measurement would be beneficial in estimating those patients at greater risk for developing ACS in the future.
Evaluation of the role of helical CT in blunt abdominal trauma
Authors: Shaikh Fatima Ibrahim , Shah Dhara Dishant 
Published: December 2024

The majority of injuries are the result of blunt trauma. For these individuals, CT has emerged as the main diagnostic tool. The development of computer technology and slip ring gantry design has made it possible to scan much faster thanks to the availability of helical or spiral CT scanners. These advancements have also made rapid picture reconstruction possible with faster microprocessors. the aim of the study was to assess the role of helical CT in evaluation of patients with blunt abdominal trauma. Total 39 patients after taking written informed consent were studied with Helical CT Scanner using GE, Hi-Speed CT/i Scanner. (General Electric) at tertiary care district hospital of Jammu. A total of 39 patients with mean age of 34 years were studied. The CT examination was conducted at an average of 2.6 days after sustaining blunt trauma. The accuracy of CT was confirmed by surgical, clinical and radiological follow up for an average period of 7.9 months. The major cause of injury in our study was road traffic accident. The most frequently involved viscera in our study were kidneys which comprised 33.33%. This was followed by bowel/mesentery 15.15%, liver 8.24%, spleen 8.24% pancreas, 8.24%, urinary bladder 8.24% and diaphragm 3.03%. Helical CT has become a major advancement to assess the trauma patients, because of fast scans and also image reconstruction time have reduced patient turn-around time for abdominal trauma. CT having the advantage over other imaging methods like excretory urography, sonography, and radionuclide imaging because superior contrast resolution and ability to visualize all organs as well as simultaneously the peritoneal cavity and retroperitoneum can be visualized.