bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attualità in nefrologia pediatrica: le conoscenze di rilievo per il nefrologo dell’adulto
Authors: Edefonti Alberto , Vergori Antonio , Montini Giovanni , Emma Francesco 
Published: May 2021

Examples of innovative research in pediatric nephrology include: a) the typically pediatric field of Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT), which has benefited from the discovery of numerous gene mutations responsible for the various malformations and the demonstration of the congenital origin of most of the renal damage, resulting in a decrease of invasive imaging, antibiotic prophylaxis and surgery;
b) the approach to glomerular diseases that appear in childhood, like idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS), IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and C3 glomerulopathies (C3G).
B and T lymphocyte disregulations and molecular podocyte alterations of immunological and genetic origin have been described in INS as main determinants of proteinuria. In IgAN, the discovery of an abnormal IgA glycosilation in the mucosal B cells has driven to new trials with Budesonide and Sparsentan and to innovative therapies, like atacicept. A new classification of C3G has been proposed after the description of genetic mutations of factors inhibiting activation of the alternative complement pathway, and monoclonal anti-C5 antibody Eculizumab has consequently entered the therapeutic armamentarium;
c) the initial attempts at gene therapy, with promising results obtained in Alport syndrome, nephropathic cystinosis and Dent syndrome.
Moreover, a clear example of precision medicine is represented by the refinement of the dosage of Eculizumab in the treatment of atypical HUS, while slow-medicine recommendations exist for common clinical conditions, like urinary tract infections, microscopic hematuria and proteinuria.
Evaluation of self-etching primer on bond strength in feldspathic ceramic
Authors: Sgrott Nathalia Eduardo , Lins Renata Bahia Accioly , Silva Isaias Donizeti , Lepesqueur Laura Soares Souto , Olivieri Karina Andrea Novaes , Brandt William Cunha 
Published: May 2021

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of self-etching silane primer on long-term bonding strength on feldspathic ceramic. Ceramic blocks (IPS Empress CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) were cut with a low-speed diamond disk (Isomet 1000, Buehler) into 40 blocks of 12x7x6mm, under water cooling, and randomly divided into two groups (n=20), according to the surface conditioning: hydrofluoric acid (HF) (Condac, FGM) or self-etching silane primer (MEP) (Monobond Etch and Prime, Ivoclar Vivadent). After the blocks were bonded to composite resin blocks (12 x 7 x 3mm) (Liss, FGM) with a light cured cement (Variolink Esthetic LC, Ivoclar Vivadent) and LED photoactivation (Radii Cal, SDI) for 40 s on each luting interface line. The sets were cut in sticks with 1-mm2 cross-section composed of ceramic/cement/composite and tested after 24h (baseline) and 90 days aging by stored in distilled water at 37ºC. Microtensile bond strength testing (mTBS) was performed using a universal machine (DL-1000, EMIC) submitted to traction with speed of 0.5mm/ min until rupture of adhesion. Fracture of specimens were examined under stereomicroscopy to determine the failure pattern. Bond strength (MPa) was calculated, and the failure pattern and interface topography were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). No significant different mTBS was observed between groups HF and MEP (p>0.05). Storage time of the samples did not affect the mTBS from the groups. Surface etching pattern with HF produced higher surface alterations than a self-etching primer. Application of MEP may be considered an alternative for silanization for feldspathic ceramic.
Analysis of genetic divergence in safflower genotypes through morphological characters
Authors: Silva Valvenarg Pereira da , Vital André Henrique Almissi , Lira João Paulo Egues , Poletine Juliana Parisotto , Morais Lucas Henrique Pereira , Oliveira Altacis Junior de , Felipin-Azevedo Rafhael , Barelli Marco Antonio Aparecido 
Published: May 2021

The increase in energy consumption in Brazil and in the world generates an increasing need to seek renewable and non-polluting energy, such as biofuels. Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is a plant with a great oil production capacity and potential for biodiesel production that presents high productivity and easy edaphoclimatic adaptation. It can be an economic culture option in crop rotation practiced by farmers, however it is still necessary to obtain more technical information about its cultivation and about the adapted and improved cultivars. Thus, the estimate of genetic divergence from morphological characters using multivariate techniques has become a common alternative among breeders. In this sense, the objective of this research was to carry out an analysis of the genetic divergence among the 49 safflower genotypes from the germplasm bank of the Instituto Mato Grossense do Algodão (IMA-MT), based on 13 morphological descriptors recommended by the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources - IBPGR (1983) and Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento - MAPA (2013). The divergence analysis was performed by means of the dissimilarity matrix based on multi-categorical variables and to identify the most similar genotypes, Tocher's optimization grouping methods and the hierarchical average grouping method between groups were used. The estimates of the dissimilarity coefficients ranged from 0.00 to 0.46, indicating the presence of genetic diversity among the evaluated genotypes. The highest dissimilarity value was between genotypes 29 and 9, 42 and 1, 42 and 32, 47 and 9, which are the most genetically divergent and thus promising materials for future genetic crosses. The UPGMA dendrogram and tocher grouping were partially consistent and effective in grouping safflower genotypes.
GRUPO OPERATIVO: estratégia educativa no cuidado ao paciente diabético com obesidade
Authors: Freitas Ananda Santos , Freitas Andressa Vieira , Moraes Jessica Barroso de , Franco Kameny Santos , Santos Pammela Weryka da Silva , Salomão Raiany Kayre Pereira , Costa Marisa Araujo , Pinto Raydelane Grailea Silva , Câmara Joseneide Teixeira 
Published: May 2021

O estudo teve como objetivo relatar a experiência de um grupo operativo com diabéticos obesos de uma estratégia de saúde da família. Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo relato de experiência, realizada com pacientes diabéticos obesos de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde da cidade de Caxias, Maranhão, Brasil, no período de maio a agosto de 2019. Participaram 10 usuários portadores do DM tipo 2, do sexo feminino, da faixa etária entre 37 a 76 anos e diagnosticados com obesidade grau I, II e III. Foram realizados cinco encontros com uma hora de duração, com temas relacionados à saúde e a qualidade de vida. As temáticas abordadas nos grupos operativos foram: Conhecendo a condição crônica; Abordagem sobre o que é estilo de vida; Integralidade e multidimensionalidade da saúde; Autocuidado e autonomia e Plano de vida. Os grupos operativos possibilitaram a participação ativa de todos. Assim, estes grupos foram direcionados aos diabéticos obesos que buscavam mudanças de comportamento. A interação grupal promoveu um ambiente oportuno, livre de preconceitos e estigmas, que motivou os diabéticos a mudar o estilo de vida, sobretudo, no que diz respeito, ao controle do peso corporal.
Thyroid Function Changes and Pubertal Progress in Females: A Longitudinal Study in Iodine-Sufficient Areas of East China
Authors: Wang Yingying , He Dandan , Fu Chaowei , Dong Xiaolian , Jiang Feng , Su Meifang , Xu Qian , Huang Peixin , Wang Na , Chen Yue , Jiang Qingwu 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundThe onset of puberty is influenced by thyroid function, and thyroid hormones (THs) fluctuate substantially during the period of pubertal development. However, it needs to be further clarified how THs change at specific puberty stages and how it influences pubertal development in girls. So far, longitudinal data from China are scarce.MethodsA cohort study was conducted among girls during puberty in iodine-sufficient regions of East China between 2017 to 2019. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) were determined for each participant. Thyroid homeostasis structure parameters (THSPs), including the ratio of FT4 to FT3 (FT4/FT3), Jostel’s TSH index (TSHI), and thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI), were calculated. Puberty category scores (PCS), calculated based on the Puberty Development Scale (PDS), was used to assess the stage of puberty. Girls were grouped into three categories according to PCS changes (△PCS) and six categories according puberty stage (BPFP: pre-pubertal at both baseline and follow-up; BPFL: pre-pubertal at baseline and late-pubertal at follow-up, respectively; BPFT: pre-pubertal at baseline and post-pubertal at follow-up, respectively; BLFL: late-pubertal at both baseline and follow-up; BLFT: late-pubertal at baseline and post-pubertal at follow-up, respectively; BTFT: post-pubertal at both baseline and follow-up). Multiple linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations of THs changes with pubertal progress.ResultsThe levels of serum TSH and FT3 decreased while serum FT4 increased during the study period (P&lt;0.001). In multiple linear regression analyses, after adjustment for covariables, FT3 decreased by an additional 0.24 pmol/L (95% CI: -0.47 to -0.01) in the higher △PCS group than the lower △PCS group. Compared with the BLFL group, the BPFT group showed an additional decline in FT3 (β= -0.39 pmol/L, 95%CI: -0.73 to -0.04), the BTFT group showed a lower decline in TSH (β=0.50 mU/L, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.80) and a lower decline in TSHI (β=0.24, 95%CI: 0.06 to 0.41), respectively. There was no association of △FT4 or △TFQI with △PCS or the puberty pattern.ConclusionsSerum TSH and FT3 decreased while serum FT4 increased among girls during puberty. Both the initial stage and the velocity of pubertal development were related to thyroid hormone fluctuations.
Spatiotemporal Changes of Near-Surface Ozone Concentration From 2015 to 2018 in Beijing
Authors: Xie Junfei , Shi Shengwei , Wu Lingyun , Zhang Xin 
Published: May 2021

In this study, we investigated the spatiotemporal changes of near-surface O3 concentration based on 33 automatic air quality monitoring stations in Beijing in 2015 and 2018. Here we show that the diurnal variations for O3 concentration at 33 monitoring stations exhibited a single-peak mode with a minimum concentration from 06:00 to 07:00 and a maximum value from 14:00 to 15:00. We find that the O3 concentration was significantly positively correlated with the air temperature, solar total radiation, and wind speed, while it was negatively correlated with the relative humidity. Among those factors, the air temperature played the most important role in influencing O3 concentration (relative contribution is greater than 88% in the boosted regression trees model). We also present that the annual variation of O3 concentration at all stations tended to be a “bell-shaped” curve distribution with a peak in summer and the lowest value in winter. The annual averaged O3 concentration at 33 stations in Beijing was 57.5 ± 9.8 μg⋅m−3 in 2015 and 60.3 ± 9.0 μg⋅m−3 in 2018. In addition, we detect that the annual averaged value of the O3 concentration was lower in the central and southern Beijing, and higher in the northern Beijing both in 2015 and 2018. The spatial difference of the O3 concentration could be explained by the traffic pollution, vegetation coverage, atmospheric regional transmission, and atmospheric particulate matter concentration.
Combining a Universal Telomerase Based Cancer Vaccine With Ipilimumab in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma - Five-Year Follow Up of a Phase I/IIa Trial
Authors: Aamdal Elin , Inderberg Else Marit , Ellingsen Espen Basmo , Rasch Wenche , Brunsvig Paal Fredrik , Aamdal Steinar , Heintz Karen-Marie , Vodák Daniel , Nakken Sigve , Hovig Eivind , Nyakas Marta , Guren Tormod Kyrre , Gaudernack Gustav 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundIpilimumab improves survival for patients with metastatic malignant melanoma. Combining a therapeutic cancer vaccine with ipilimumab may increase efficacy by providing enhanced anti-tumor immune responses. UV1 consists of three synthetic long peptides from human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). These peptides comprise epitopes recognized by T cells from cancer patients experiencing long-term survival following treatment with a first-generation hTERT vaccine, and generate long-lasting immune responses in cancer patients when used as monotherapy. The objective of this trial was to investigate the safety and efficacy of combining UV1 with ipilimumab in metastatic melanoma.Patients and MethodsIn this phase I/IIa, single center trial [NCT02275416], patients with metastatic melanoma received repeated UV1 vaccinations, with GM-CSF as an adjuvant, in combination with ipilimumab. Patients were evaluated for safety, efficacy and immune response. Immune responses against vaccine peptides were monitored in peripheral blood by measuring antigen-specific proliferation and IFN-γ production.ResultsTwelve patients were recruited. Adverse events were mainly diarrhea, injection site reaction, pruritus, rash, nausea and fatigue. Ten patients showed a Th1 immune response to UV1 peptides, occurring early and after few vaccinations. Three patients obtained a partial response and one patient a complete response. Overall survival was 50% at 5 years.ConclusionTreatment was well tolerated. The rapid expansion of UV1-specific Th1 cells in the majority of patients indicates synergy between UV1 vaccine and CTLA-4 blockade. This may have translated into clinical benefit, encouraging the combination of UV1 vaccination with standard of care treatment regimes containing ipilimumab/CTLA-4 blocking antibodies.
Identification of Potentially Therapeutic Immunogenic Peptides From Paracoccidioides lutzii Species
Authors: Silva Leandro B. R. , Taira Cleison L. , Cleare Levi G. , Martins Michele , Junqueira Magno , Nosanchuk Joshua D. , Taborda Carlos P. 
Published: May 2021

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is an endemic mycosis in Latin America caused by the thermodimorphic fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides spp. Paracoccidioides lutzii (PL) is one of the 5 species that constitute the Paracoccidioides genus. PL expresses low amounts of glycoprotein (Gp) 43 (PLGp43) and PLGp43 displays few epitopes in common with the P. brasiliensis (PB) immunodominant antigen PBGp43, which is commonly used for serological diagnosis of PCM. This difference in structure between the glycoproteins markedly reduces the efficiency of serological diagnosis in patients infected with PL. We previously demonstrated that peptide 10 (P10) from the PBGp43 induces protective immune responses in in vitro and in vivo models of PB PCM. Since, P10 has proven to be a promising therapeutic to combat PB, we sought to identify peptides in PL that could similarly be applied for the treatment of PCM. PL yeast cell proteins were isolated from PL: dendritic cell co-cultures and subjected to immunoproteomics. This approach identified 18 PL peptides that demonstrated in silico predictions for immunogenicity. Eight of the most promising peptides were synthesized and applied to lymphocytes obtained from peptide-immunized or PL-infected mice as well as to in vitro cultures with peptides or dendritic cells pulsed the peptides. The peptides LBR5, LBR6 and LBR8 efficiently promoted CD4+ and CD8+ T cell proliferation and dendritic cells pulsed with LBR1, LBR3, LBR7 or LBR8 stimulated CD4+ T cell proliferation. We observed increases of IFN-γ in the supernatants from primed T cells for the conditions with peptides without or with dendritic cells, although IL-2 levels only increased in response to LBR8. These novel immunogenic peptides derived from PL will be employed to develop new peptide vaccine approaches and the proteins from which they are derived can be used to develop new diagnostic assays for PL and possibly other Paracoccidioides spp. These findings identify and characterize new peptides with a promising therapeutic profile for future against this important neglected systemic mycosis.
Spousal Care and Pain Among the Population Aged 65 Years and Older: A European Analysis
Authors: Barbosa Fátima , Delerue Matos Alice , Voss Gina , Costa Patrício 
Published: May 2021

Background: Spousal care is the most important source of informal care in old age. Nevertheless, despite the growing importance of this issue, the association between providing spousal care inside the household and pain remains unexplored in Europe.Objective and Methods: This study aims to estimate the prevalence of pain reported by spouse caregivers aged 65 plus that provide care inside the household and to investigate the association between providing spousal care and pain. Data from 17 European countries that participated in wave 6 of the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) is used. The analyses are based on 26,301 respondents aged 65 years and older who provide informal care inside the household to their spouse/partner exclusively (N = 1,895) or do not provide any informal care (inside or outside the household) (24,406). Descriptive statistics and multilevel logistic regressions (individual-level as level 1, and country as level 2) were performed.Results: Overall, spouse caregivers report pain more often (63.4%) than their non-caregiver‘s counterparts (50.3%). Important differences in the prevalence of pain among spouse caregivers were found between countries, with Portugal (80.3%), Spain (74.6%), France (73%), Italy (72.4%), and Slovenia (72.1) showing the highest prevalence of pain, and Denmark (36%), Switzerland (41.5) and Sweden (42.3%), the lowest. Results from multilevel logistic regressions show that European individuals aged 65+ who provide spousal care have an increased likelihood of reporting pain (OR 1.30; CI = 1.13–1.48).Conclusion: Our results suggest that in Europe, spouse caregivers aged 65+ are at greater risk of experiencing pain. Therefore, European policymakers should consider spouse caregivers as a health priority group, and take measures to ensure they receive comprehensive health and socio-economic support.
Reduction of Retinal Thickness Ipsilateral to Hippocampal Sclerosis in Epilepsy
Authors: Xiong Weixi , Lu Lu , Chen Qin , Xiao Yingfeng , An Dongmei , Sander Josemir W. , Zhang Ming , Zhou Dong 
Published: May 2021

Objectives: Reductions in the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) have been reported in epilepsy, namely in drug-resistant people. Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is the most frequent cause of drug-resistant epilepsy in tertiary care centers. We aimed to evaluate the likelihood and characteristic of RNFL loss in individuals with epilepsy having HS.Methods: Fifty-five adults diagnosed with unilateral HS (mean age of 25 years; 42 female) by magnetic resonance imaging were included in this observational cross-sectional study, 58 age-matched individuals with epilepsy with no detectable structural brain abnormality were included as non-HS, and 55 people without neurological diseases were included as healthy controls. pRNFL of both eyes was measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). In each individual disease related information was recorded.Results: Among the 55 individuals with unilateral HS, one (1.82%) and ten (18.18%) had significant or borderline abnormal thinning of the pRNFL of the ipsilateral eye to the HS. The average pRNFL ipsilateral to the side of HS was significantly thinner than people with epilepsy non-HS (p = 0.013) and healthy controls (p = 0.000), especially in the inferior quadrants. Only age was significantly correlated with the average and inferior quadrant pRNFL thickness of the ipsilateral eye to the HS (R = −0.286, p = 0.035; R = −0.353, p = 0.008 respectively).Conclusion: These preliminary findings suggest that retinal abnormalities associated with HS may have a specific pattern. Further studies need to confirm this finding and to unravel the underlying mechanism.
Differences in Levodopa Response for Progressive and Non-Progressive Micrographia in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Zham Poonam , Poosapadi Sridhar A. , Kempster Peter , Raghav Sanjay , Nagao Kanae J. , Wong Kitty , Kumar Dinesh 
Published: May 2021

Background: Micrographia, one element of the dysgraphia of Parkinson's disease (PD), may be classified according to the presence or absence of a decremental pattern. The decremental form, progressive micrographia, is an expression of the sequence effect seen generally in bradykinesia. Its responsiveness to levodopa has not been evaluated kinematically.Objectives: Aim of this study is to investigate the difference in levodopa response for progressive and non-progressive micrographia.Methods: Twenty-four PD patients and 24 age-matched repeatedly wrote the letter e on a computerized digital tablet. PD patients performed the task two times, in a defined off state and again after levodopa. Scripts were classified as progressive micrographia (PDPM) or non-progressive micrographia (PDNPM) depending on whether a 10% decrement was seen between the first and final characters of a line of lettering.Results: While levodopa produced a similar response on the MDS-UPDRS motor scale for the two groups, the effect on the two types of micrographia was different. While writing speed improved significantly in both groups after levodopa, the responses were over twofold greater for PDNPM. Moreover, the decremental features of PDPM–in size, speed, and pen-pressure—were largely unaltered by a levodopa dose.Conclusions: Progressive micrographia is less responsive to levodopa. Our findings agree with research showing that the sequence effect of bradykinesia is relatively resistant to medication. Yet we did not find a weaker overall levodopa motor benefit. Caution is needed in the interpretation of such micrographia measurements for estimating drug responses.