bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Neighborhood Social Environment and Social Support in Baltimore
Authors: Mair Christine A , Lehning Amanda J , Waldstein Shari R , Evans Michele K , Zonderman Alan B 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Intervention efforts include social support as a mechanism to promote well-being in diverse communities. Cultivating support can be complex, particularly in disadvantaged urban communities. This complexity is compounded by a lack of studies that attempt to map associations between urban neighborhood environments and social support exchanges. Authors address this gap by analyzing data from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study (Wave 1, 2004–2009), a 20-year epidemiological investigation of African American and White adults living in Baltimore City. Results of ordinary least squares linear regression models (N = 2,002) indicate that individuals who report that their neighborhoods have more social resources (p = .03), social order (p &lt; .001), social cohesion (p = .002), and social control (p = .001) tend to exchange more social support. Respondents in neighborhoods with more social disorder report providing more support (p = .02), but receive less (p = .004). Neighborhood social environment is more consistently associated with support received from friends or other kin compared with spouses and children. These findings suggest that neighborhood social environments may be a key contextual consideration for social work intervention efforts and indicate need for macro-level interventions to complement existing micro-level interventions.
Understanding the most commonly billed diagnoses in primary care
Authors: Rogers Julia , Eastland Taryn 
Published: March 2021

Abstract:
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic, relapsing condition encountered commonly in primary care with an estimated worldwide prevalence of up to 33%. GERD affects all age groups, races, and genders with 25% of the population in the Western world experiencing heartburn at least once a month.
Online interprofessional learning environment to prepare Doctor of Nursing Practice students for team-based primary care
Authors: Posey Kimberly 
Published: March 2021

Abstract:
Integrating interprofessional education in an online Doctor of Nursing Practice program is challenging. This article describes the implementation of an online interprofessional education program for students in Doctor of Nursing Practice Family Nurse Practitioner, Bachelor of Science in Nursing, and dietetics programs to prepare them for team-based primary care.
Breast Implant Utilization Trends in USA versus Europe and the Impact of BIA-ALCL Publications
Authors: Jalalabadi Faryan , Doval Andres F. , Neese Virginia , Andrews Elizabeth , Spiegel Aldona J. 
Published: March 2021

Background:
The goals of this study were to analyze and compare breast implant preferences between US and European surgeons in terms of size, shape, and surface texturing. Furthermore, we set out to investigate the impact of BIA-ALCL scientific publications on surgeon practice patterns.

Methods:
Breast implant sales data from the USA and Europe dating from June 2013 to September 2018 were provided by one of the world’s leading breast implant manufactures (Mentor Worldwide LLC). Change-point analysis was used to identify when significant changes in sales trends occurred. These changes were compared with dates of government announcements and publications of landmark scientific articles regarding BIA-ALCL.

Results:
Our data demonstrate that US surgeons tend to prefer larger, smooth round implants compared with European surgeons, who prefer smaller, textured round implants. Despite these differences, medium-sized implants were still the most common size used between both regions. Sales trends illustrate an increase in smooth implants and a decrease in textured implants for both regions. Significant changes in trends align with publication dates of announcements and landmark scientific articles.

Conclusions:
We demonstrate definitive differences in implant preferences between the USA and Europe. We encourage physicians to continue their pursuit of publishing because it seems these publications affect medical device selection.
Levosimendan Versus Milrinone and Release of Myocardial Biomarkers After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: Post Hoc Analysis of Clinical Trial Data
Authors: Thorlacius Elin M. , Vistnes Maria , Ojala Tiina , Keski-Nisula Juho , Molin Mattias , Romlin Birgitta S. , Synnergren Mats , Ricksten Sven-Erik , Wåhlander Håkan , Castellheim Albert 
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVES:
We compared the effect of two inodilators, levosimendan and milrinone, on the plasma levels of myocardial injury biomarkers, that is, high-sensitivity troponin T and heart-type fatty acid binding protein, and on N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide as a biomarker of ventricular function. We hypothesized that levosimendan could attenuate the degree of myocardial injury when compared with milrinone.

DESIGN:
A post hoc, nonprespecified exploratory secondary analysis of the Milrinone versus Levosimendan-1 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02232399).

SETTING:
Two pediatric tertiary university hospitals.

PATIENTS:
Infants 1–12 months old, diagnosed with ventricular septal defect, complete atrioventricular septal defect, or Tetralogy of Fallot undergoing corrective surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

INTERVENTIONS:
Seventy patients received a loading dose of either levosimendan or milrinone at the start of cardiopulmonary bypass followed by an infusion of the respective drug, which continued for 26 hours.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Plasma levels of the three cardiac biomarkers were measured prior to the initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass and 2, 6, and 24 hours after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. In both groups, the levels of high-sensitivity troponin T and heart-type fatty acid binding protein were highest at 2 hours post cardiopulmonary bypass, whereas the highest level of N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide occurred at 24 hours post cardiopulmonary bypass. There was no significant difference in the biomarkers’ plasma levels between the study groups over time. Neither was there a significant difference in the postoperative peak plasma levels of the cardiac biomarkers.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this post hoc analysis of the MiLe-1 trial, there was no demonstrable difference in the postoperative cardiac biomarker profile of myocardial injury and ventricular function when comparing infants managed in the perioperative period with levosimendan versus milrinone.
Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound to Diagnose the Etiology of Acute Respiratory Failure at Admission to the PICU*
Authors: DeSanti Ryan L. , Al-Subu Awni M. , Cowan Eileen A. , Kamps Nicole N. , Lasarev Michael R. , Schmidt Jessica , Kory Pierre D. 
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVES:
Determine the sensitivity and specificity of point-of-care lung ultrasound in identifying the etiology of acute respiratory failure at admission to the PICU.

DESIGN:
Prospective observational study.

SETTING:
Tertiary PICU.

PATIENTS:
Children older than 37 weeks gestational age and less than or equal to 18 years old admitted to the PICU with acute respiratory failure from December 2018 to February 2020.

INTERVENTION:
Point-of-care lung ultrasound performed within 14 hours of admission to the PICU by physicians blinded to patient history and clinical course. Two physicians, blinded to all clinical information, independently interpreted the point-of-care lung ultrasound and then established a consensus diagnosis (ultrasound diagnosis). The ultrasound diagnosis was compared with an independent, standardized review of the medical record following hospital discharge (final diagnosis).

MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS:
Eighty-eight patients were enrolled in the study. Forty-eight patients had a final diagnosis of bronchiolitis/viral pneumonitis (55%), 29 had pneumonia (33%), 10 had status asthmaticus (11%), and one was excluded because of an inability to differentiate the final diagnosis. Point-of-care lung ultrasound correctly identified the etiology of acute respiratory failure in 56% of patients (49/87; 95% CI, 46–66%). It identified bronchiolitis/viral pneumonitis with 44% sensitivity (95% CI, 0.31–0.58) and 74% specificity (95% CI, 0.59–0.85), pneumonia with 76% sensitivity (95% CI, 0.58–0.88) and 67% specificity (95% CI 0.54–0.78), and status asthmaticus with 60% sensitivity (95% CI, 0.31–0.83) and 88% specificity (95% CI, 0.79–0.94).

CONCLUSIONS:
In contrast to literature demonstrating high utility differentiating the cause of acute respiratory failure in adults, blinded point-of-care lung ultrasound demonstrates moderate sensitivity and specificity in identifying the etiology of pediatric acute respiratory failure at admission to the PICU among children with bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and status asthmaticus.
SCAPTURE: a deep learning-embedded pipeline that captures polyadenylation information from 3’ tag-based RNA-seq of single cells
Authors: Li Guo-Wei , Nan Fang , Yuan Guo-Hua , Tian Bin , Yang Li 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSingle-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) profiles gene expression with a resolution that empowers depiction of cell atlas in complex systems. Here, we developed a stepwise computational pipeline SCAPTURE to identify, evaluate, and quantify cleavage and polyadenylation sites (PASs) from 3’ tag-based scRNA-seq. SCAPTURE detects PASsde novoin single cells with high sensitivity and accuracy, enabling detection of previously unannotated PASs. Quantified alternative PAS transcripts refine cell identities, enriching information extracted from scRNA-seq.
Environmental persistence but not per capita transmission rates of a chytrid fungus determines infection prevalence
Authors: Rumschlag Samantha L. , Roth Sadie A. , McMahon Taegan A. , Rohr Jason R. , Civitello David J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractUnderstanding local-scale variability in disease dynamics can be important for informing strategies for surveillance and management. For example, the amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; Bd), which is implicated in population declines and species extinctions of amphibians, causes spatially variable epizootics and extirpations of its hosts. Outbreak heterogeneity could be driven by differential survival of zoospores, the free-living infectious life stage of Bd, or the persistence of dead zoospores and/or its metabolites in water, which could induce resistance among hosts. To gain a mechanistic understanding of the potential for variation in local transmission dynamics of Bd, we conducted Bd survival and infection experiments and then fit models to discern how Bd mortality, decomposition, and per-capita transmission rate vary among water sources. We found that infection prevalence differed among water sources, which was driven by differences in mortality rates of Bd zoospores, rather than differences in per-capita transmission rates. Specifically, zoospore mortality rates varied significantly among pond water treatments and were lower in artificial spring water compared to pond water sources. These results suggest that variation in Bd infection dynamics could be a function of differences in exposure of hosts to live Bd. In contrast to the persistence of live zoospores, we found that rates of decomposition of dead zoospores did not vary among water sources. These results may suggest that exposure of hosts to dead Bd or its metabolites, which have been shown to induce acquired resistance, might not commonly vary among nearby sites. Ultimately, a mechanistic understanding of the drivers of variable epizootics of Bd could lead to increases in the effectiveness of surveillance and management strategies.
Glucoregulation and coping behavior after chronic stress: sex differences across the lifespan
Authors: Dearing Carley , Morano Rachel , Ptaskiewicz Elaine , Mahbod Parinaz , Scheimann Jessie R , Franco-Villanueva Ana , Wulsin Lawson , Myers Brent 
Published: March 2021

AbstractExposure to prolonged stress during adolescence taxes adaptive and homeostatic processes leading to deleterious behavioral and metabolic outcomes. Although previous pre-clinical studies found effects of early life stress on cognition and stress hormone reactivity, these studies largely focused on males. The purpose of the current study was to determine how biological sex shapes behavioral coping and metabolic health across the lifespan after chronic stress. We hypothesized that examining chronic stress-induced behavioral and endocrine outcomes would reveal sex differences in the biological basis of susceptibility. During the late adolescent period, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats experienced chronic variable stress (CVS). Following completion of CVS, all rats experienced a forced swim test (FST) followed 3 days later by a fasted glucose tolerance test (GTT). The FST was used to determine coping in response to a stressor. Endocrine metabolic function was evaluated in the GTT by measuring glucose and corticosterone, the primary rodent glucocorticoid. Animals then aged to 15 months when the FST and GTT were repeated. In young animals, chronically stressed females exhibited more passive coping and corticosterone release in the FST. Additionally, chronically stressed females had elevated corticosterone and impaired glucose clearance in the GTT. Aging affected all measurements as behavioral and endocrine outcomes were sex specific. Furthermore, regression analysis between hormonal and behavioral responses identified associations depending on sex and stress. Collectively, these data indicate female susceptibility to the effects of chronic stress during adolescence. Further, translational investigation of coping style and glucose homeostasis may identify biomarkers for stress-related disorders.
Groundwater bacterial communities evolve over time, exhibiting oscillating similarity patterns in response to recharge
Authors: Yan Lijuan , Hermans Syrie M. , Totsche Kai Uwe , Lehmann Robert , Herrmann Martina , Küsel Kirsten 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTime series analyses are a crucial tool for uncovering the patterns and processes shaping microbial communities and their functions, especially in aquatic ecosystems. Subsurface aquatic environments are perceived to be more stable than oceans and lakes, due to the lack of sunlight, the absence of photosysnthetically-driven primary production, low temperature variations, and oligotrophic conditions. However, periodic groundwater recharge should affect the structure and succession of groundwater microbiomes. To disentangle the long-term temporal changes in groundwater bacterial communities of shallow fractured bedrock community, and identify the drivers of the observed patterns, we analysed bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing data for samples collected monthly from three groundwater wells over a six-year period (n=230) along a hillslope recharge area. We show that the bacterial communities in the groundwater of limestone-mudstone alternations were not stable over time and showed oscillating dissimilarity patterns which corresponded to periods of groundwater recharge. Further, we observed an increase in dissimilarity over time (generalized additive modelP< 0.001) indicating that the successive recharge events result in communities that are increasingly more dissimilar to the initial reference time point. The sampling period was able to explain up to 29.5% of the variability in bacterial community composition and the impact of recharge events on the groundwater microbiome was linked to the strength of the recharge and local environmental selection. Many groundwater bacteria originated from the recharge-related sources (mean = 66.5%, SD = 15.1%) and specific bacterial taxa were identified as being either enriched or repressed during recharge events. Overall, similar to surface aquatic environments, groundwater microbiomes vary through time, though we revealed groundwater recharges as unique driving factors for these patterns. The high temporal resolution employed here highlights the complex dynamics of bacterial communities in groundwater and demonstrated that successive shocks disturb the bacterial communities, leading to decreased similarity to the initial state over time.
Curtobacterium glycinissp. nov. fromGlycine max, Curtobacterium gossypiisp. nov. fromGossypium hirsutumandCurtobacterium oryzaesp. nov. fromOryza sativa, three newCurtobacteriumspecies and endophytes from agricultural crops
Authors: Seaton Sarah , Lemaire Jacqueline , Inderbitzin Patrik , Knight-Connoni Victoria , White James F. , Trujillo Martha E. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTThree newCurtobacteriumspecies from healthy tissues of agricultural crop plants in the United States are reported. They areCurtobacterium glycinissp. nov. from soybean in Missouri,Curtobacterium gossypiifrom cotton in Puerto Rico and corn in Missouri, andCurtobacterium oryzaesp. nov. from rice in Texas.
Electrophysiological signatures of brain aging in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Dickinson Abigail , Jeste Shafali , Milne Elizabeth 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that aging processes may be altered in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it remains unclear if oscillatory slowing, a key neurophysiological change in the aging brain, manifests atypically in this population. This study sought to examine patterns of age-related oscillatory slowing in adults with ASD, captured by reductions in the brain’s peak alpha frequency. Resting-state EEG data from adults (18-70 years) with ASD (N=93) and age-matched neurotypical (NT) controls (N=87) were pooled from three independent datasets. A robust curve-fitting procedure quantified the peak frequency of alpha oscillations (7-13Hz) across all brain regions. Associations between peak alpha frequency and age were assessed and compared between groups. Consistent with characteristic patterns of oscillatory slowing, peak alpha frequency was negatively associated with age across the entire sample (p<.0001). A significant group by age interaction revealed that this relationship was more pronounced in adults with ASD (p<.01), suggesting that that age-related oscillatory slowing may be accelerated in this population. Scalable EEG measures such as peak alpha frequency could provide insights into neural aging that are crucially needed to inform care plans and preventive interventions that can promote successful aging in ASD.
The Vaginal Microbiome in Women of Reproductive Age with Healthy Weight versus Overweight/Obesity
Authors: Allen Natalie G. , Edupuganti Laahirie , Edwards David J. , Jimenez Nicole R. , Buck Gregory A. , Jefferson Kimberly K. , Strauss Jerome F. ,   Vaginal Microbiome Consortium, Wickham Edmond P. , Fettweis Jennifer M. 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTObjectiveEvaluate differences between the vaginal microbiome of reproductive-aged women with overweight and obesity (Ow/Ob) compared with healthy weight (HW).MethodsA cohort of 367 non-pregnant women (18-40 years) with Ow/Ob (body mass index [BMI] ≥25 kg/m2) was case-matched with 367 women with HW (BMI 18.0-24.9 kg/m2). The study was a secondary analysis of 16S rRNA vaginal microbiome surveys through the Vaginal Human Microbiome Study (VaHMP). Groups were matched on age, race/ethnicity, income, and nulliparity status.ResultsMean age and BMI of Ow/Ob and HW groups were 26.8 versus 26.7 years and 37.0 versus 22.1 kg/m2, respectively. The overall vaginal microbiome composition differed between groups (PERMANOVA, p=0.035). Women with Ow/Ob had higher alpha-diversity compared with women with HW (Wilcoxon test, Shannon index p=0.025; Inverse Simpson index p=0.026).Lactobacillusdominance (≥30% proportional abundance) was observed in a greater proportion of women with HW (48.7%) compared with Ow/Ob (40.1%; p=0.026).ConclusionsThe vaginal microbiome differs in reproductive-aged women with Ow/Ob compared with women with HW, with increased alpha-diversity and decreased predominance ofLactobacillus. Observed differences in vaginal microbiome may partially explain differences in preterm birth and bacterial vaginosis risk between these populations.
Testingin vitrotoxicity of nanoparticles in 3D cell culture with various extracellular matrix scaffold
Authors: Choi Jae Won , Bae Song-Hwa , Kim In Young , Kwak Minjeong , Lee Tae Geol , Heo Min Beom 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNanomaterials are used in a variety of fields and toxicity assessment is paramount for their development and application. Although most toxicity assessments have been performed in 2D (2-Dimensional) cell culture, the inability to adequately replicate thein vivoenvironment and toxicity is a limitation. To overcome the limitation, a 3D (3-Dimensional) cell culture method has been developed to make an environment closer to anin vivosystem. In this study, 20 nm SiO2nanoparticles were dispersed in serum-containing (SC) and serum-free (SF) media to compare 2D cell culture and 3D cell culture toxicity. The cells were subjected to a 3D cell culture method in which HepG2, a human-derived liver cancer cell line, was mixed on a scaffold. We found that nanoparticles induced toxicity in 2D cell culture, but toxicity was not observed in 3D cell culture similar toin vivoenvironment. However, differences in toxicity were observed between the three types of scaffolds in the absence of serum as the number of cells decreased.
Structural insights into hormone recognition by the human glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor
Authors: Zhao Fenghui , Zhang Chao , Zhou Qingtong , Hang Kaini , Zou Xinyu , Chen Yan , Wu Fan , Rao Qidi , Dai Antao , Yin Wanchao , Shen Dan-Dan , Zhang Yan , Xia Tian , Stevens Raymond C. , Xu H. Eric , Yang Dehua , Zhao Lihua , Wang Ming-Wei 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGlucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a peptide hormone that exerts crucial metabolic functions by binding and activating its cognate receptor, GIPR. As an important therapeutic target, GIPR has been subjected to intensive structural studies without success. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of the human GIPR in complex with GIP and a Gsheterotrimer at a global resolution of 2.9 Å. GIP adopts a single straight helix with its N terminus dipped into the receptor transmembrane domain (TMD), while the C-terminus is closely associated with the extracellular domain and extracellular loop 1. GIPR employs conserved residues in the lower half of the TMD pocket to recognize the common segments shared by GIP homologous peptides, while uses non-conserved residues in the upper half of the TMD pocket to interact with residues specific for GIP. These results provide a structural framework of hormone recognition and GIPR activation.