bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Literacy Events and Literacy Practices: A Critical Discourse Study of Intersection of Class, Gender and Literacy in Pakistan
Authors: Rizwan Snobra 
Published: April 2021

This article attempts to examine some of the literacy practices in middle class youth of Pakistan over 18 years of age and determine the relationship between literacies, gender and particular middle class social practices. Young men and women of Pakistan acquire multiple literacies depending upon different social institutions they find themselves in and different discourses they are exposed to during course of their lives. These social institutions in turn shape their outlook and mould them into desired individuals. The literacies which have been identified in the current research include school literacies, home literacies, leisure time literacies, oral literacies, media literacies, religious literacies and communication channels related literacies. In order to achieve its ends, this research analyzes discourse samples of students of the Department of English, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan which were collected using qualitative methods of open-ended questionnaire and case studies. The questionnaire was conducted with 16 research participants (8 male and 8 female students). The findings have been discussed with case studies of two research participants (1 male and 1 female).
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Suppress Hepatic Fibrosis Via Modulating the Expression of Fibronectin and Integrin and Inhibiting DNA Fragmentation in Rats
Authors: ibrahim sherine , fayez ahmed , maher ahmed 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionLiver fibrosis is currently the 11th most common cause of death worldwide. Because of self-renewal, available sources for isolation, and high differentiation properties, multipotent mesenchymal stromal stem cells are suggested to be potential tool for treatment of liver fibrosis. In this study, we examined the anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory activity of bone marrow-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal stem cells (MSCs) on liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride on rats relative to silymarin as a standard drug.Material and methodsThis study was performed on 40 male Sprague Dawley rats divided into 4 groups of ten rats each: Group 1 served as controls, Group 2 served as CCl4 (diseased) group, Group 3 served as silymarin treated group and Group 4 served as MSCs treated group. Liver fibrosis was assessed by determination of liver markers and fibrogenesis related genes together with the anti-inflammatory markers in the liver tissue. DNA fragmentation was assessed by Comet assay.ResultsMSCs treatment reduced all liver fibrosis markers as well as the oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. Additionally, MSCs reduced the expression of integrins and fibronectin compared with the control group as well as decreasing DNA fragmentation.ConclusionsTreatment by MSCs significantly ameliorates liver fibrosis in rats. This amelioration was a result of acting on both the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activity of hepatocytes.
Challenges for Occupational Health and Safety Enforcement in the Construction Industry in Ghana
Authors: Boadu Elijah Frimpong , Wang Cynthia Changxin , Sunindijo Riza Yosia 
Published: April 2021

Many previous studies have reported that the occupational health and safety (OHS) enforcement is poor in developing countries, however these studies have mainly focused on the broader enforcement problems and not fully considered the challenges confronting the institutions responsible for enforcing OHS standards at workplaces. In this study, twelve potential challenges were identified from an extensive literature review, then an empirical investigation was carried out via a questionnaire survey from OHS inspectors and professionals in the Ghanaian construction industry. The twelve challenges were confirmed and ranked. Also, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and correlation were used to determine the statistical significance of the responses and the relationships between the challenges. Based on these findings, this study provides practical strategies for government, OHS inspectors and other professionals within the construction industry to improve the OHS enforcement. The research findings can also be adopted as a basis to assess challenges confronting OHS institutions in other developing countries.
Profile Physical Fitness Athlete of Slalom Number Water Ski
Authors: Fachrezzy Fahmy , Hermawan Iwan , Maslikah Uzizatun , Nugroho Haris , Sudarmanto Eko 
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to find out the physical fitness profile of water ski athletes in the DKI Jakarta slalom number. This type of research is quantitative using descriptive methods. This study was conducted in Lake Sunter Jakarta, with a sample number of 41 male athletes slalom number. The instruments used in this study used physical fitness tests from the American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation (AAHPER) tests for sons while data analysis used descriptive frequency analysis. The results showed that the physical fitness of water skiers slalom numbers in the category of good or by 70.73%. Thus it can be concluded that the physical fitness of water skiers in the category is well-reviewed from the strength and endurance of the muscles of the arms and shoulders; endurance of the abdominal muscles; agility; power limbs; running speed; endurance of the heart.
Space–time variability in soil moisture droughts in the Himalayan region
Authors: Nepal Santosh , Pradhananga Saurav , Shrestha Narayan Kumar , Kralisch Sven , Shrestha Jayandra P. , Fink Manfred 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Soil water is a major requirement for biomass production and, therefore, one of the most important factors for agriculture productivity. As agricultural droughts are related to declining soil moisture, this paper examines soil moisture drought in the transboundary Koshi River basin (KRB) in the central Himalayan region. By applying the J2000 hydrological model, daily spatially distributed soil moisture is derived for the entire basin over a 28-year period (1980–2007). A multi-site and multi-variable approach – streamflow data at one station and evapotranspiration data at three stations – was used for the calibration and validation of the J2000 model. In order to identify drought conditions based on the simulated soil moisture, the soil moisture deficit index (SMDI) was then calculated, considering the derivation of actual soil moisture from long-term soil moisture on a weekly timescale. To spatially subdivide the variations in soil moisture, the river basin is partitioned into three distinct geographical regions, namely trans-Himalaya, the mountains, and the plains. Further, the SMDI is aggregated temporally to four seasons – winter, pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon – based on wetness and dryness patterns observed in the study area. This has enabled us to look at the magnitude, extent, and duration of soil moisture drought. The results indicated that the J2000 model can simulate the hydrological processes of the basin with good accuracy.
Considerable variation in soil moisture was observed in the three physiographic regions and across the four seasons due to high variation in
precipitation and temperature conditions. The year 1992 was the driest year
and 1998 was the wettest at the basin scale in both magnitude and duration.
Similarly, the year 1992 also has the highest number of weeks under drought. Comparing the SMDI with the standardised precipitation index (SPI) suggested that SMDI can reflect a higher variation in drought conditions than SPI. Our results suggested that both the occurrence and severity of droughts have increased in the Koshi River basin over the last 3 decades, especially in the winter and pre-monsoon seasons. The insights provided into the frequency, spatial coverage, and severity of drought conditions can provide valuable contributions towards an improved management of water resources and greater agricultural productivity in the region.
Exploring the regolith with electrical resistivity tomography in large-scale surveys: electrode spacing-related issues and possibility
Authors: Gourdol Laurent , Clément Rémi , Juilleret Jérôme , Pfister Laurent , Hissler Christophe 
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Within the critical zone, regolith plays a key role in the fundamental hydrological functions of water collection, storage, mixing and release. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is recognized as a remarkable tool for characterizing the geometry and properties of the regolith,
overcoming limitations inherent to conventional borehole-based investigations. For exploring shallow layers, a small electrode spacing (ES) will
provide a denser set of apparent resistivity measurements of the subsurface. As this option is cumbersome and time-consuming, larger ES – albeit
offering poorer shallow apparent resistivity data – is often preferred for large horizontal ERT surveys. To investigate the negative trade-off between larger ES and reduced accuracy of the inverted ERT images for shallow layers, we use a set of synthetic “conductive–resistive–conductive” three-layered soil–saprock/saprolite–bedrock models in combination with a reference field dataset. Our results suggest that an
increase in ES causes a deterioration of the accuracy of the inverted ERT images in terms of both resistivity distribution and interface delineation
and, most importantly, that this degradation increases sharply when the ES exceeds the thickness of the top subsurface layer. This finding, which is
obvious for the characterization of shallow layers, is also relevant even when solely aiming for the characterization of deeper layers. We show that
an oversized ES leads to overestimations of depth to bedrock and that this overestimation is even more important for subsurface structures with high
resistivity contrast. To overcome this limitation, we propose adding interpolated levels of surficial apparent resistivity relying on a limited
number of ERT profiles with a smaller ES. We demonstrate that our protocol significantly improves the accuracy of ERT profiles when using large ES,
provided that the top layer has a rather constant thickness and resistivity. For the specific case of large-scale ERT surveys the proposed
upgrading procedure is cost-effective in comparison to protocols based on small ES.
Comunidades colaborativas. Saberes y experiencias con jóvenes vulnerables en educación no formal
Authors: Márquez-García María Jesús , Rivas-Flores José Ignacio , Calvo León Piedad 
Published: April 2021

El trabajo que presentamos se enmarca en la investigación realizada para el proyecto I+D+I Ecologías del aprendizaje en contextos múltiples. En él profundizamos en los datos de uno de los “Estudio de casos” realizado en una Asociación Intercultural, que tiene su sede en un pueblo de Andalucía, España.
El método de trabajo fue el Estudio de casos narrativo-biográfico con el que se generó un proceso compartido con los y las participantes, utilizando estrategias e instrumentos que posibilitaron encuentros narrativos participativos. Las entrevistas nos permitieron profundizar en cómo las ecologías del aprendizaje permiten ir más allá de los límites institucionales de la educación secundaria y comprender de qué modo aprenden los y las jóvenes en contextos de educación no formal e informal.
De los resultados emergieron procesos de aprendizaje desde la interactividad constante, la reconsideración de los tiempos, la actividad grupal necesaria para aprender, la búsqueda de un modo divertido y desafiante de expresarse y la producción de material audiovisual para expresar cuestionamientos éticos y de justicia social. Una de las aportaciones de la discusión de interés y repercusión en el ámbito educativo y particularmente en la educación secundaría, es la necesidad de propiciar el diálogo entre la educación formal, no formal e informal para repensar un currículum basado en componentes emocionales, axiológicos e interpersonales.
Educación para el desarrollo sostenible: una visión crítica desde la Pedagogía
Authors: Alonso-Sainz Tania 
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN. El paradigma de la sostenibilidad y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) son desde el año 2015 un foco atención prioritaria en las agendas internacionales, así como en la investigación educativa, tratando de hacer realidad los ODS. El objetivo de este artículo es descubrir el tratamiento de la Educación para el Desarrollo Sostenible en la investigación educativa española, prestando especial atención a la falta de una visión crítica en su aproximación. MÉTODO. Se realiza una revisión de la investigación educativa sobre Educación para el Desarrollo Sostenible en el panorama español a partir de la base de datos de DialnetPlus, entre 2015 y 2019, atendiendo a la temática de los artículos, a su enfoque y a su metodología. RESULTADOS. A partir de los criterios de selección, encontramos 34 artículos, de los cuales la mayoría abordaba las temáticas de ODS y formación universitaria y escolar, orientados a propuestas de mejora de la implementación del marco de los ODS mediante la formación. La perspectiva de la mayoría de los artículos era teórica y de enfoque descriptivo, esto es, asumían el marco de los ODS como paradigma que lograr. DISCUSIÓN. A la luz de los resultados consideramos que: (i) la investigación educativa tiende a renombrar y adjetivar la educación, en este caso “educación para el desarrollo sostenible”, olvidando el valor intrínseco de la educación como desarrollo humano y (ii) la investigación educativa se comporta a menudo como fashion victim de las tendencias de los Organismos Internacionales, asumiendo sus agendas de un modo acrítico. CONCLUSIONES. Parece adecuado repensar los ODS como una herramienta al servicio de la educación y sus bienes inmanentes, en vez de reducir la educación a una suerte de instrumento para el logro de los ODS, cristalizándola en objetivos y estándares.
PENGARUH FAKTOR-FAKTOR BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DINAS PERTANIAN KABUPATEN BOJONEGORO
Authors: Arbaatun Yuni 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara bersama-sama pengaruh keadaan budaya organisasi yang terdiri dari perspektif diferensiasi, perspektif integrasi terhadap perspektif fragmentasi dan kinerja pegawai Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Bojonegoro, untuk mengetahui secara parsial pengaruh budaya organisasi yang terdiri dari perspektif diferensiasi, perspektif integrasi dan perspektif fragmentasi berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Bojonegoro dan untuk mengetahui diantara ketiga variabel perspektif budaya organisasi tersebut yang berpengaruh dominan terhadap kinerja pegawai Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Bojonegoro
Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Pegawai dengan alasan karena pegawai merupakan ujung tombak dalam pelaksnaan kegiatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Bojonegoro.
Berdasarkan hasil analisa dan pembahasan yang berkaitan dengan permasalahan dan tujuan penelitian, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor budaya organisasi Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Bojonegoro yang meliputi perspektif diferensiasi, perspektif integrasi dan perspektif fragmentasi secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Ketiga perspektif tersebut mempemgaruhi kinerja pegawai secara bersama-sama sebesar 44.7%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 55.3% kinerja pegawai dipengaruhi selain budaya organisasi. Faktor budaya organisasi Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Bojonegoro yang meliputi perspektif diferensiasi dan perspektif fragmentasi berpengaruh tidak signifikan negatif terhadap pegawai. Adapun perspektif integrasi berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap kinerja pegawai. Dengan demikian Faktor budaya organisasi yang meliputi perspektif diferensiasi, perspektif integrasi dan perspektif fragmentasi secara parsial tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Faktor budaya organisasi perspektif integrasi berpengaruh dominan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Bojonegoro Propinsi Jawa Timur.
An Investigation into the Challenges Facing Collection and Distribution of Educational Data in F.C.T Educational Institutions, Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Jacob Ogunode Niyi , Samuel Adah , Elizabeth I Auduh , Musa Abubakar 
Published: April 2021

This study investigated the challenges facing the collection and distribution of educational data in F.C.T Educational institutions, Abuja, Nigeria. The researchers used descriptive research survey design for the study. The study comprised a population of one hundred and twenty (120) respondents which made up of data collection officers in the selected educational institutions across the FCT. Ten (10) data collection officers from each area council and ten (10) data collection officers from six departments/agencies/units within the ministries of education in Abuja were used in the study. Purposive, Stratified and systematic sampling technique was used to select the sample population from the educational institutions across Abuja. The reliability of the instrument was determined through the test re-test method. Data was collected by questionnaire and were analyzed using percentage and chi-square. The study led to the conclusion that inadequate funding, shortage of professional data collection officers, inadequate working materials, institutional corruption, poor capacity development programme of data collection officers, poor methods and approaches used for collecting data, poor supervision and inspection and political influence are the problems hindering effective data collection and distribution in educational institutions. The study also established that there is significant relationship between challenges and collection and distribution of educational data in schools. Based on this finding, the following were recommended: that the federal, state and local government should increase the funding of education and more priority should be given to data collection and distribution funding and the government at every level in FCT should employ more data collection officers and deploy them to the primary and secondary schools in FCT.
The Exemplifications in Sushrut Samhita – ancient methods of teaching and learning.
Authors: SANTOSH PATIL SAYALI PATIL 
Published: April 2021

Ayurveda is regarded as one of the ancient most science which is having it’s root of origin in vedic literature. In vedic period, the teaching and learning were dependant on Guru Shishya Parampara were-in the knowledge was given by the teachers to the disciples direcly by speech. The literatures were made easy to understand with help of describing and comparing the principles with examples such as exemplifications. Exemplification means giving specific, vivid examples for the purpose of adding more information to explain, define and illustrate a general idea and to elaborate the main idea. Exemplification make the literature easy to understand and it plays a very important role in learning and teaching in Ayurvedic Samhitas. In Ayurved exemplification is called as Drushtanta. Drushtanta is a part of Tantrayukti. Tantrayukti means a logical compilation of a text. Tantrayukti is very essential to understand the science in correct way. Better understanding of Shastra is only possible with the knowledge of Tantrayukti. It provides knowledge of writing techniques, explains hidden meaning. Sushruta-Samhita is not merely a surgical text. It is a comprehensive encyclopedic work on Ayurveda as a whole including its fundamental principles This article will help readers to know more about Drushtanta and it’s application in Sushrut Samhita.
A A review of role of Rajanyadi Churna as potential immune-modulator in Kaumarabhritya
Authors: Pillai Sreeja , Paradkar Hemant , Pathrikar Anaya , Pillai Sandeep 
Published: April 2021

The present pandemic situation has alarmed mankind to formulate and implement effective and practical tools to defend and confront any unexpected breakout of infectious diseases. It emphasizes the need to correct and sharpen the innate immune mechanisms, particularly under the circumstances of long waiting periods and uncertainty with vaccines. Revisiting the Ayurvedic principle of agni and bala to correct and enhance innate defence mechanisms in ways that can make the body ready to defend any situation of challenge. The paper explores the possibilities of the use of Rajanyadi Churna in Kaumarabhritya.
Perspectives of Pharmacovigilance of AYUSH Drugs among Teaching faculty, Post graduate students and Interns of three different Ayurvedic Teaching Institute in Amravati District of Maharashtra state – A cross sectional survey.
Authors: Paymalle Dr. Laxmikant , Amaley Dr.Krantikumar , Joshi Dr.Dnyanesh 
Published: April 2021

Pharmacovigilance helps to prove the system safe, more scientific in the terms of modern terminology. It is an absolute requirement to ensure public safety and to promote the AYUSH systems of medicine. Pharmacovigilance program launched in the India by Department of AYUSH, Ministry of health and family welfare, on 29/09/2008. Though it is helpful for development of system and government emphasized for implementation of it in root level, till date there is lack of awareness about this program among teaching faculties of AYUSH system. So to find out level of perspective of Pharmacovigilance in Teaching faculty, Post graduate students and Interns of Three different Ayurvedic Institutes in Amravati districts present study was carried out in November 2020. Method:A structured and validated questionnaire with some miner modification used3 and distributed in the form of Hard copy among Teaching faculty, Residential medical officer and Interns of Three Ayurvedic colleges in Amravati District of Maharashtra state. Total of 50 teaching faculties with 62% of Lecturer cadre, 32% are of Reader and 2.50% of Professor Cadre responded to the questionnaires, with this one medical officer also responded to the questionnaire. Total 12 PG (Post graduate students) of different department take participation in the study while 88 Interns recorded their response in this study, so total participants in this study are 150 (n=150).Result:52% (78) of participants aware of Pharmacovigilance program for Ayurvedic drugs in India and44% (66) of participants actually know exactly where the National Pharmacovigilance center for AYUSH Drugs is situated. Only 11.33% (17) of participants responded correct answer to question where the International Pharmacovigilance center for AYUSH drug is situated. In this study 58.66% (88) of participants accept that Ayurvedic drugs have adverse effect. Only 32.66% (49) participants responded that they are encountered with adverse event due to Ayurvedic drug in there clinical practice and out of which only 12% (18) of participants reported the adverse event. 18% of participant’s familiar with standardized format for reporting ADR.Only 3.33% of participants give the example of Ayurvedic drugs banned due to ADR. Only 5.33% of participants attended the CME or training program about Pharmacovigilance of Ayurvedic drugs.Conclusion: Over all result shows the lack of awareness towards Pharmacovigilance program of AYUSH drugs in faculty and students of all Ayurvedic colleges in Amravati. Also Bletonism to point out adverse drug reaction (ADR) caused due to Ayurvedic drug and report it to the authorized center in standardized format. So to increase awareness about PV it should be include in Syllabus and more CME, Seminar and workshop should organized for students, teaching faculty and private practioner.