bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anelasticity and Lateral Heterogeneities in Earth's Upper Mantle: Impact on Surface Displacements, Self‐Attraction and Loading, and Ocean Tide Dynamics
Authors: Huang Pingping , Sulzbach Roman Lucas , Tanaka Yoshiyuki , Klemann Volker , Dobslaw Henryk , Martinec Zdeněk , Thomas Maik 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSurface displacement and self‐attraction and loading (SAL) elevation induced by ocean tides are known to be affected by material properties of the solid Earth. Recent studies have shown that, in addition to elasticity, anelasticity considerably impacts surface displacements due to ocean tide loading (OTL). We employ consistent 3D seismic elastic and attenuation tomography models to construct 3D elastic and anelastic earth models, and derive corresponding averaged 1D elastic/anelastic models. We apply these models to systematically study the impact of anelasticity and lateral heterogeneity on M2 OTL displacements and SAL elevation. We find that neglecting lateral heterogeneities highly underestimates displacements and SAL elevation in mid‐ocean‐ridge regions and in some coastal areas of North and Central America. In comparison to PREM, 3D anelastic models can increase the predicted amplitudes of the vertical displacement and SAL elevation by up to 1.5 mm. The increased amplitudes reduce the discrepancy between GPS‐observed OTL displacements and their predictions based on PREM in places like Cornwall (England), Brittany (France), and the Ryukyu Islands (Japan). Applying our results to ocean tides, we discover that the impact on ocean tide dynamics exceeds the predicted SAL elevation correction with an RMS of about 1 mm, reaching an RMS of more than 5 mm in areas like North Atlantic or East Pacific. Due to the fact that such a value reaches the accuracy of modern data‐constrained tidal models, we regard the impact of anelastic shear relaxation as significant in tidal modeling.
On Using Si to Unravel Potential Sources of Dissolved Al to the Deep Arctic
Authors: Measures C. I. , Hatta M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAn examination of the vertical profiles of aluminum, silicic acid, and the Si:Al ratio indicates that the enrichment of dissolved Al in the bottom waters of the Arctic basins cannot be explained by the water column remineralization of vertically transported biological material. Instead, it is suggested that the bottom water enrichments are a result of the dissolution of amorphous aluminosilicates that are produced within the sedimentary pore waters by a reverse weathering process. We suggest that these materials are released into the low Si, low Al overlying water column by turbidity currents descending from the broad Arctic shelves which deliver sediments, water, and the products of reverse weathering into the bottom waters of the Arctic basins. It is suggested that from its delivery point at the basin edges, this dissolved Al signal then spreads out, enriching the signals in the bottom of the basins and mixes upward into the overlying water column to produce the observed vertical gradients. Thus, the deepwater Al enrichment is driven by a concentration gradient from below, that is, it is a bottom up (sedimentary driven), rather than the top down (particle export) process that has been previously suggested. It is also suggested that this dissolved Al signal might potentially be used as a tracer of these sporadic turbidity events, which in addition to transporting sediments, also are a mechanism for subducting water into abyssal regions. The observation of elevated dissolved Al signals at other ocean boundaries adjacent to Al‐rich lithogenic materials further suggests that the formation of the products of reverse weathering within sediments is probably widespread along continental margins.
Carbon Cycling During Oceanic Anoxic Event 2: Compound‐Specific Carbon Isotope Evidence From the Western Interior Seaway
Authors: Boudinot F. Garrett , Kopf Sebastian , Dildar Nadia , Sepúlveda Julio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Cenomanian‐Turonian Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2, ∼94 Ma) was a period of widespread ocean deoxygenation and marine organic carbon burial. Increased CO2and nutrient flux before OAE2 are generally considered the main drivers of ocean anoxia and carbon burial, though some evidence has suggested multiple phases of CO2input and burial throughout the event. To test hypotheses about the nature of carbon cycle perturbations before and during OAE2, we analyzed stable carbon isotopes in marine‐derived and terrestrial‐derived biomarkers from an expanded sedimentary record of OAE2 from the western margin of the Western Interior Seaway. Biomarker carbon isotope data were used to estimate the concentration and carbon isotopic composition of aqueous and atmospheric CO2, as well as changes in marine productivity, through OAE2. While complicated by biological and environmental uncertainties, ourpCO2reconstructions generally agree with estimates from other locations and proxies around the world. High‐resolution sampling revealed several short‐lived carbon cycle perturbations before and during OAE2 that may reflect fluctuations in the global carbon cycle, including several pulses of isotopically light carbon before OAE2, during the onset of OAE2, and during the Plenus event. This study provides new constraints on carbon cycle dynamics during OAE2 that highlight the complex nature of the event and its causes.
Worst‐Case Severe Environments for Surface Charging Observed at LANL Satellites as Dependent on Solar Wind and Geomagnetic Conditions
Authors: Ganushkina N. Yu , Swiger B. , Dubyagin S. , Matéo‐Vélez J.‐C. , Liemohn M. W. , Sicard A. , Payan D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe 400 worst‐case severe environments for surface charging detected at Los Alamos National Laboratory satellites during the years of 1990–2005 as binned by the definitions of four criteria developed by Matéo‐Vélez et al. (2018,https://doi.org/10.1002/2017sw001689) and the solar wind and Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) parameters and geomagnetic activity indices are analyzed. The conducted analysis shows that only Auroral Electrojet/Auroral Lower index determines the highest risk for severe environments for surface charging to happen. The presence of a substorm with the southward turning pattern in IMFindicates that the environment can be severe for surface charging to occur but this environment will not depend on whether a substorm was moderate or intense. No clear dependence on IMFis found for risk to a severe environment to occur. Appearances of severe environments for surface charging do not necessarily require high values ofKp(Planetarische Kennziffer) and no storm is needed for such an event to be detected. Among solar wind parameters, solar wind velocityis directly related to the highest risk of severe environments, dependent on thevalue; and number densityis of no importance. Two criteria for severe environment events based on the enhancements of low energy particle fluxes exhibit clearer dependencies on the solar wind and IMF parameters and geomagnetic activity indices with more distinct patterns in their time history.
Plasma neurofilament light as a potential biomarker for cognitive decline in a longitudinal study of middle-aged urban adults
Authors: Beydoun May A. , Noren Hooten Nicole , Beydoun Hind A. , Maldonado Ana I. , Weiss Jordan , Evans Michele K. , Zonderman Alan B. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPlasma neurofilament light (NfL) is a marker for neurodegenerative diseases. Few studies have examined the association of NfL with middle-aged changes in cognitive performance, and no studies have examined differential NfL effects by race. Using data from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS) study (n = 625, Agev1: 30–66 y, 41.6% male, 56.3% African American, 27.8% below poverty), we investigated the associations of initial NfL levels and annualized change with cognitive performance over time in global mental status, verbal and visual memory, fluency, attention, and executive function. We used ordinary least squares and mixed-effects regressions stratified by race, while exploring differential associations by age group, sex, and poverty status. Over a mean follow-up of 4.3 years, we found initial NfL level was associated with a faster decline on normalized mental status scores in Whites only and in those >50 years old. Annualized increase in NfL was associated with a greater decline in verbal fluency in men. In other exploratory analyses, annualized increase in NfL was associated with a slower decline in verbal memory among individuals living above poverty; in the older group (>50 years), first-visit NfL was linked with better performance at baseline in global mental status and verbal memory. In summary, first-visit NfL was primarily associated with the global mental status decline among Whites, while exhibiting inconsistent relationships in some exploratory analyses. Plasma NfL levels can be detected and quantified in non-demented middle-aged adults and changes can be analyzed over time. More longitudinal studies are needed to address the clinical utility of this biomarker for early cognitive defects.
I, robot: depression plays different roles in human–human and human–robot interactions
Authors: Zhang Dandan , Shen Junshi , Li Sijin , Gao Kexiang , Gu Ruolei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSocially engaging robots have been increasingly applied to alleviate depressive symptoms and to improve the quality of social life among different populations. Seeing that depression negatively influences social reward processing in everyday interaction, we investigate this influence during simulated interactions with humans or robots. In this study, 35 participants with mild depression and 35 controls (all from nonclinical populations) finished the social incentive delay task with event-related potential recording, in which they received performance feedback from other persons or from a robot. Compared to the controls, the mild depressive symptom (MDS) group represented abnormalities of social reward processing in the human feedback condition: first, the MDS group showed a lower hit rate and a smaller contingent-negative variation (correlated with each other) during reward anticipation; second, depression level modulated both the early phase (indexed by the feedback-related negativity (FRN)) and the late phase (indexed by the P3) of reward consumption. In contrast, the effect of depression was evident only on FRN amplitude in the robot feedback condition. We suggest that compared to human–human interaction, the rewarding properties of human–robot interaction are less likely to be affected by depression. These findings have implications for the utilization of robot-assisted intervention in clinical practice.
Hsa_circ_0026628 promotes the development of colorectal cancer by targeting SP1 to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Zhang Xuexiu , Yao Jianning , Shi Haoling , Gao Bing , Zhou Haining , Zhang Yanzhen , Zhao Dongyao , Gao Shilin , Wang Chunfeng , Zhang Lianfeng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to play crucial roles in the progression of various cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). SP1 (Sp1 transcription factor) is a well-recognized oncogene in CRC and is deemed to trigger the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The present study was designed to investigate the role of circRNAs which shared the same pre-mRNA with SP1 in CRC cells. We identified that hsa_circ_0026628 (circ_0026628), a circular RNA that originated from SP1 pre-mRNA, was upregulated in CRC cells. Sanger sequencing and agarose gel electrophoresis verified the circular characteristic of circ_0026628. Functional assays including CCK-8, colony formation, transwell, immunofluorescence staining, and sphere formation assay revealed the function of circ_0026628. RNA pull-down and mass spectrometry disclosed the proteins interacting with circ_0026628. Mechanistic assays including RIP, RNA pull-down, CoIP, ChIP, and luciferase reporter assays demonstrated the interplays between molecules. The results depicted that circ_0026628 functioned as a contributor to CRC cell proliferation, migration, EMT, and stemness. Mechanistically, circ_0026628 served as the endogenous sponge of miR-346 and FUS to elevate SP1 expression at the post-transcriptional level, thus strengthening the interaction between SP1 and β-catenin to activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In turn, the downstream gene of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, SOX2 (SRY-box transcription factor 2), transcriptionally activated SP1 and therefore boosted circ_0026628 level. On the whole, SOX2-induced circ_0026628 sponged miR-346 and recruited FUS protein to augment SP1, triggering the downstream Wnt/β-catenin pathway to facilitate CRC progression.
USP14 maintains HIF1-α stabilization via its deubiquitination activity in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lv Chi , Wang Shengli , Lin Lin , Wang Chunyu , Zeng Kai , Meng Yiming , Sun Ge , Wei Shan , Liu Yefu , Zhao Yue 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common visceral neoplasms with its heterogeneity and high rate of recurrence. HCC is characterized to be delayed diagnosis and the development of resistant disease. However, the molecular mechanism for HCC pathogenesis and progression remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that ubiquitin-specific protease14 (USP14) is highly expressed in HCC samples, and the higher expression of USP14 is positively correlated with poor prognosis. Interestingly, USP14 is involved in the maintenance of HIF1-α stability to activate HIF1-α-induced transactivation via its deubiquitinase activity. USP14 depletion or its specific inhibitor IU1 treatment decreased cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and Vascular Mimicry (VM) formation even under hypoxia conditions in HCC cell lines. Moreover, we provided the evidence to show that knockdown of USP14 or USP14 inhibitor (IU1) treatment inhibited tumor growth in tumor-bearing nude mice. Our findings suggest that USP14 maintains HIF1-α stability through its deubiquitination activity, providing a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis and therapy of HCC.
Mean‐square output consensus of heterogeneous multi‐agent systems with communication noises
Authors: Chen Wei , Ren Guojian , Yu Yongguang , Hai Xudong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper focuses on the mean‐square output consensus of heterogeneous multi‐agent systems, in which the communication noises are taken into consideration. Through internal model principle and control gain function, the novel state feedback and output feedback control strategies are designed for leaderless and a leader situation respectively to attenuate disturbances caused by communication noises. In addition, based on matrix theory and stochastic analysis, the sufficient condition for output consensus in the corresponding case is obtained. In the end, the simulations are used to confirm the correctness of the conclusion.
Optimisation of reverse salient rotor for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor and experimental validation
Authors: Ai Qiang , Wei Hongqian , Li Tao , Fan Likang , Zhang Youtong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe prosperous development of electric vehicles has promoted the application of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs). The flux‐intensifying IPMSM has attracted more attention due to its high power‐density and better flux‐weakening performance. However, the optimisation efficiency and motor performance require further study in the actual optimisation design. To this end, this study is to optimise the electromagnetic field structure of motor rotors with the back propagation neural networks (BPNN) and multi‐objective optimisation methods. Concretely, dimensional parameters of an initial motor are extracted as optimisation variables. Then, the BPNN are utilised to stimulate the motor performance obtained with finite element methods (FEM). With the trained BPNN, FEM tools are replaced in the subsequent optimisation process, which alleviates the computational burden. Besides, to address the problem of multi‐objective optimisation with inequality constraints, the sequential unconstrained minimisation technique is incorporated into the non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm to obtain the Pareto frontier. Finally, the optimal design point is selected from the Pareto frontier. The simulation and experiment have been implemented to verify the superiority of the optimised rotor structure. Generally, this study has laid the foundation of the following motor optimisation with the higher executability and lower computational burden.
Detecting and interpreting non‐recurrent congestion from traffic and social media data
Authors: Luan Sen , Ma, Xiaolei , Li Meng , Su Yuelong , Dong Zhenning 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA non‐recurring incident often negatively affects traffic, which is represented as non‐recurrent congestion. However, travellers can usually perceive congestion without knowing the underlying reasons. Accordingly, this paper proposes a data‐driven framework for non‐recurrent congestion detection and interpretation analysis. First, a statistical algorithm named generalized extreme studentized deviate is introduced to detect non‐recurrent congestion by comparing the current traffic speed with the speed threshold learned from historical data. The case study in Beijing shows that the proposed generalized extreme studentized deviate outperforms other prevailing algorithms in terms of detection rate, false alarm rate, and mean detection time. Second, data mining and natural language processing technologies are implemented on data collected from Sina Weibo, a Chinese microblog site akin to Twitter, to classify non‐recurring incidents that may be associated with non‐recurrent congestion, including traffic accident, road construction, concert, special sport (marathon), and commercial activity. Results show that overall classification accuracy reaches 95%. Finally, the association relationship between the detected non‐recurrent congestions and incidents is established via spatiotemporal information matching. This information matching provides a bidirectional verification. On the one hand, nearly 58% of non‐recurrent congestion can be explained by incident‐related (IR) microblogs. On the other hand, an average of 62% of IR microblogs can be traced by nearby non‐recurrent congestions. This paper suggests that social media can be used as a secondary source and integrated with traffic data to enhance the understanding of non‐recurrent congestion.
A novel 3D measurement of RFID multi‐tag network based on MWCNN and ELM
Authors: Yu Xiaolei , Zhuang Xiao , Liu Zhenlu , Zhao Zhimin , Li Lin , Zhang Wenjie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn the field of RFID, the reading performance of tags is an important performance indicator for measuring tag. Related studies have shown that the tags’ geometrical distribution has an important influence on the tags’ reading performance. In order to optimize the tags’ geometrical distribution and improve the tags’ reading performance, this paper proposes a tag distribution optimization method based on multi‐level wavelet‐CNN (MWCNN) and extreme learning machine (ELM). First, this paper designs a tag distribution optimization system based on stereo‐vision. Second, the stereo‐cameras are used to capture the images of the tags. Aiming at the degradation phenomenon in the acquired images, MWCNN is used to recover the degraded tag images. On the basis of the image restoration, the template matching method is used to obtain the 3D coordinates of the tags. Then, ELM is used to model and predict the nonlinear relationship between 3D coordinates of the tags and the corresponding reading distance. The results show that the average prediction relative error is 0.56% and the time cost is 2.0 s. The average prediction relative error of ELM is smaller than GA‐BP and PSO‐BP. The time cost of ELM is smaller than the wavelet neural network.
Elimination of a virtual impactor of 2006 QV89 via deep non-detection
Authors: Hainaut O. R. , Micheli M. , Cano J. L. , Martín J. , Faggioli L. , Cennamo R. 
Published: August 2021

Context. As a consequence of the large (and growing) number of near-Earth objects discovered, some are lost before their orbits can be firmly established and long-term recovery ensured. A fraction of these objects present non-negligible chances of impact with the Earth. We present a method of targeted observations that allow us to eliminate that risk by obtaining deep images of the area where the object would be, should it be on a collision orbit.
Aims. 2006 QV89 was one of these objects, with a chance of impact with the Earth on 2019 September 9. Its position uncertainty (of the order of 1°) and faintness (below V ~ 24) made it a difficult candidate for a traditional direct recovery. However, the position of the virtual impactors could be determined with excellent accuracy.
Methods. In July 2019 the virtual impactors of 2006 QV89 were particularly well placed within a very small uncertainty region, and with an expected magnitude of V < 26. The area was imaged using the ESO Very Large Telescope in the context of the ESA/ESO collaboration on near-Earth objects, resulting in a strongly constrained non-detection.
Results. We eliminated the virtual impactor, even without effectively recovering 2006 QV89, indicating that it did not represent a threat.
Conclusions. This method of deep non-detection of virtual impactors demonstrated a large potential to eliminate the threat of otherwise difficult-to-recover near-Earth objects.
Outcome of COVID-19 Infection in Cancer Patients in Pune
Authors: Hingmire Sachin , Wategaonkar Ravikumar , Hegde Sujai , Mekha Mangesh , Kulkarni Rahul , Rajbhoj Ashwin , Deshmukh Chetan , Kulkarni Padmaj , Patil Tushar , Kanitkar Gajanan , Wanjarkhedkar Pankaj , Mane Anupama , Bokil Kamlesh , Parasnis Amit , Gawande Jayant , Bhatia Jatin , Khaladkar Bhagyashree , Sirsath Nagesh , Melinkeri Sameer , Kashyapi Bhalchandra , Agrawal Rakesh Kumar , Prabhakaran Anushree , Desai Isha , Kelkar Dhananjay 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Introduction We document our data on the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in cancer patients in an attempt to help optimize their management in India and globally.
Material and Methods Between February 2020 and January 2021, participating oncologists from Pune (members of the Oncology Group of Pune) documented effect of COVID-19 infection in their cancer patients. Binomial logistic regression analysis as well as correlation analysis was done using Pearson Chi-square test to determine significance of clinical factors.
Results A total of 29 oncologists from 20 hospitals contributed their data involving 147 cancer patients who developed COVID-19 infections. COVID-19 infection resulted in higher deaths (likelihood ratio of 4.4) amongst patients with hematological malignancies (12/44 = 27.2%) as compared with those with solid tumors (13/90 = 14.4%, p = 0.030). Patients with uncontrolled or progressive cancer (11/34 = 32.4%) when they got infected with COVID-19 had higher mortality as compared with patients whose cancer was under control (14/113 = 12.4%; p = 0.020). Complication of thromboembolic episodes (seen in eight patients; 5.4% cases) was associated with higher risk (25.6 times) of death (five-eighths; 62.5%) as compared with those who did not develop it (20/139;14.4%; p <0.001).
Discussion Patients with cancer should be advised to take strict precautions to reduce the risk of being infected with COVID-19. They should also be given priority for COVID-19 vaccination. If infected with COVID-19, patients with hematological malignancy and uncontrolled cancer are at higher risk of morbidity and mortality. When they are being treated (OPD or inpatient basis), additional precautions are necessary to ensure their exposure to potential COVID-19 virus is minimized. If they get infected with COVID-19, they should be given aggressive treatment to prevent complications, especially thromboembolic episodes. If they develop any thromboembolic complication, their risk of dying are significantly higher, and management should be modified accordingly.