bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interrupting tumor necrosis factor–alpha signaling prevents parenteral nutrition–associated cholestasis in mice
Authors: El Kasmi Karim C. , Anderson Aimee L. , Devereaux Michael W. , Balasubramaniyan Natarajan , Suchy Frederick J. , Orlicky David J. , Shearn Colin T. , Sokol Ronald J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe have recently reported a mouse model of PN‐associated cholestasis (PNAC) in which combining intestinal inflammation and PN infusion results in cholestasis, hepatic macrophage activation, and transcriptional suppression of canalicular bile acid, bilirubin and sterol transporters Abcb11, Abcc2 and Abcg5/8. The aim of this study was to examine the role of TNFα in promoting PNAC in mice.MethodsFirst, recombinant TNFα was administered to mice as well as in hepatocyte cell culture. Second, Tnfr1/2KO or wild‐type (WT) mice were exposed to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 4 days followed by soy‐oil lipid emulsion–based PN infusion through a central venous catheter for 14 days (DSS‐PN). Finally, WT/DSS‐PN mice were also infused with infliximab at 10 mg/kg on days 3 and 10 of PN. PNAC was defined by increased serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bile acids, and bilirubin.ResultsIntraperitoneal injection of TNFα into WT mice or TNFα treatment of Huh7 hepatocarcinoma cells and primary mouse hepatocytes suppressed messenger RNA (mRNA) transcription of bile (Abcb11, Abcc2]) and sterol transporters (Abcg5/8) and their regulators Nr1h3 and Nr1h4. DSS‐PN mice with PNAC had increased hepatic TNFα mRNA expression and significant reduction of mRNA expression of Abcb11, Abcc2, Abcg5/8, Nr1h3, and Nr1h4. In contrast, PNAC development was prevented and mRNA expression normalized in both Tnfr1/2KO/DSS‐PN mice and DSS‐PN mice treated with infliximab.ConclusionsTNFα is a key mediator in the pathogenesis of PNAC through suppression of hepatocyte Abcb11, Abcc2, and Abcg5/8. Pharmacologic targeting of TNFα as a therapeutic strategy for PNAC thus deserves further investigation.
Narrating life in the military: Links between veterans’ narrative processing of service experiences and their posttraumatic stress symptoms and well‐being
Authors: Tappenden Peter C. , Shiner Rebecca L. , Mo Fanyi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMilitary veterans frequently experience traumatic, highly stressful events; thus, it is especially important for them to find positive ways of making meaning from these experiences. The present study used the methods of narrative personality psychology to investigate the associations between veterans’ narrative processing of highly stressful and significant events from their military service and postdischarge functioning, including posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). United States military veterans (N = 154; M age = 64.28 years, 86.4% men, 57.8% deployed) completed an online survey in which they wrote narratives about one “highly stressful” and one “key scene” military service memory and completed questionnaires to assess PTSS, symptoms of depression and anxiety, functional impairment, and well‐being. Narratives were coded for personal growth from the experience, themes of agency and interpersonal communion, affective tone, and coherence. In the highly stressful narratives, small‐to‐moderate negative associations emerged between both growth and agency and PTSS, depression and anxiety, and functional impairment; growth was also modestly positively associated with well‐being. In contrast, affective tone and communion were each only associated modestly with one outcome, and coherence with none, and narrative processing of the key scene narrative was not linked with any mental health outcomes. These findings suggest that (1) the theory and methods of narrative identity research are relevant for studying trauma narratives, and (2) veterans who narrate themselves as growing from and exerting control over their most stressful service experiences may achieve better mental health and day‐to‐day functioning.
Establishing an Endoscopic Chronic Subglottic Stenosis Rabbit Model
Authors: Kadosh Orna K. , Nebor Ivanna , Smith Matthew M. , Hart Catherine K. , Tabangin Meredith E. , Burra Kaulini , Kasten Jennifer L. , Sinner Debora I. , de Alarcon Alessandro 
Published: October 2021

Objectives/HypothesisTo develop a reproducible and consistent chronic subglottic stenosis (SGS) in an endoscopic animal model.Study DesignProspective study.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study using New Zealand white rabbits. Chronic SGS was induced endoscopically by Bugbee electrocautery to 50% to 75% of the subglottic area's circumference, followed by 4‐hour endotracheal intubation. The rabbit airways were endoscopically assessed and sized with uncuffed endotracheal tubes (ETTs) before the injury, during follow‐up, and at the endpoints. There were four endpoints: 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks post SGS induction. Animals were humanely euthanized for histopathological examination of the subglottic injury site and microscopic measurement of the cricoid lumen.ResultsTwenty‐two rabbits reached the endpoints, and 18 rabbits developed chronic SGS. ETT size significantly decreased by 0.5 from preinjury to the endpoint in all groups, P < .001. Control median cricoid lumen measurements were 20.48 mm2, the median cricoid lumen measurement for the 2 weeks endpoint was 14.3 mm2, 4 weeks 11.69 mm2, 6 weeks 16.03 mm2, and 8 weeks endpoint median was 16.33 mm2. Histopathological examination showed chronic scar tissue and new cartilage formation at the cricoid level, mainly at the posterior subglottic injury site starting from 4 weeks postinjury. Collagen staining revealed substantial amounts of organized collagen and different collagen orientation starting 4 weeks postinjury lasting until 8 weeks postinjury.ConclusionWe developed an animal model to study chronic SGS. This model will be utilized to compare different endoscopic treatment interventions in acute SGS versus chronic SGS and further define the molecular basis of SGS.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 132:1909–1915, 2022
New and updated global empirical seawater property estimation routines
Authors: Carter Brendan R. , Bittig Henry C. , Fassbender Andrea J. , Sharp Jonathan D. , Takeshita Yuichiro , Xu Yuan‐Yuan , Álvarez Marta , Wanninkhof Rik , Feely Richard A. , Barbero Leticia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe introduce three new Empirical Seawater Property Estimation Routines (ESPERs) capable of predicting seawater phosphate, nitrate, silicate, oxygen, total titration seawater alkalinity, total hydrogen scale pH (pHT), and total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from up to 16 combinations of seawater property measurements. The routines generate estimates from neural networks (ESPER_NN), locally interpolated regressions (ESPER_LIR), or both (ESPER_Mixed). They require a salinity value and coordinate information, and benefit from additional seawater measurements if available. These routines are intended for seawater property measurement quality control and quality assessment, generating estimates for calculations that require approximate values, original science, and producing biogeochemical property context from a data set. Relative to earlier LIR routines, the updates expand their functionality, including new estimated properties and combinations of predictors, a larger training data product including new cruises from the 2020 Global Data Analysis Project data product release, and the implementation of a first‐principles approach for quantifying the impacts of anthropogenic carbon on DIC and pHT. We show that the new routines perform at least as well as existing routines, and, in some cases, outperform existing approaches, even when limited to the same training data. Given that additional training data has been incorporated into these updated routines, these updates should be considered an improvement over earlier versions. The routines are intended for all ocean depths for the interval from 1980 to ~2030 c.e., and we caution against using the routines to directly quantify surface ocean seasonality or make more distant predictions of DIC or pHT.
The triple conjoined scapular–latissimus dorsi–groin flap for reconstruction of long lower extremity degloving injury: A case report
Authors: Amendola Francesco , Spadoni Davide , Velazquez‐Mujica Jonathan , Platsas Loukas , Chen Hung‐Chi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSince the introduction of the angiosome concept, many attempts have been made to push the dimensional limits of free tissue transfers. While initially limited by the boundaries of random vascularization of adjacent angiosomes, wider flaps were transferred by combining contiguous source vessels. Combined flaps, either chimeric or conjoined, represent nowadays the largest reconstructive options in the human body. This is the first report of a triple conjoined free flap with two vascular anastomoses, able to cover the anterior surface of the entire lower limb, representing the longest flap ever reported in history. A 43‐year‐old woman sustained a car accident as a pedestrian and presented with a massive circumferential degloving injury of the right lower limb. Femoral displaced shaft fracture and Gustilo type IIIb tibial fracture were diagnosed with emergent CT scan. A myocutaneous latissimus dorsi flap was planned, conjoined with the scapular flap to obtain a thick and large cover for the knee, and with a groin flap, to cover for the foot. Descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery and anterior tibial artery at the dorsum of the foot were selected as recipient vessels. Donor site was closed primarily. All flaps survived and no immediate nor late complications were reported. Follow up was 3 months. The triple conjoined flap can be considered a safe and useful reconstructive tool in severe degloving injuries of the lower limb, allowing the coverage of a large surface of the lesion with a single operation and without increasing the donor site morbidity.
Acellular nerve graft enriched with mesenchymal stem cells in the transfer of the phrenic nerve to the musculocutaneous nerve in a C5‐C6 brachial plexus avulsion in a rat model
Authors: González Rodríguez Alba , González Porto Sara A. , Comellas Melero Nerea , Arufe María C. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntroductionPhrenic nerve transfer has been shown to achieve good nerve regeneration in brachial plexus avulsion. Acellular nerve allografts (ANAs) showed inferior results to autografts, which is why its use with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is currently being studied. The aim is to study the effect of BM‐MSCs associated with ANAs in a rat model of phrenic nerve transfer to the musculocutaneous nerve in a C5‐C6 avulsion.Material and methods42 Wistar‐Lewis rats underwent a C5‐C6 lesion in the right forelimb by excising a 3 mm segment from both roots, followed by a phrenic nerve transfer to the musculocutaneous nerve associated with the interposition of a three types of nerve graft (randomly distributed): control (autograft) group (n = 12), ANAs group (n = 12), and ANAs + BM‐MSCs group (n = 18)After 12 weeks, amplitude and latency of the NAP and the compound motor action potential (CMAP) were measured. Biceps muscles were studied by histological analysis and nerve grafts by electron microscopy and fluorescence analysis.ResultsStatistically significant reductions were found in latency of the CMAP between groups control (2.48 ± 0.47 ms) and experimental (ANAs: 4.38 ± 0.78 ms, ANAs + BM‐MSCs: 4.08 ± 0.85 ms) and increases in the amplitude of the CMAP between groups control (0.04388 ± 0.02 V) and ANAs + BM‐MSCs (0.02275 ± 0.02 V), as well as in the thickness of the myelin sheath between groups control (0.81 ± 0.07 μm) and experimental (ANAs: 0.72 ± 0.08 μm, ANAs + BM‐MSCs: 0.72 ± 0.07 μm) and in the area of the myelin sheath between groups control (13.09 ± 2.67 μm2) and ANAs (10.01 ± 2.97 μm2) (p < .05). No statistically significant differences have been found between groups ANAs and ANAs + BM‐MSCs.ConclusionsThis study presents a model for the study of lesions of the upper trunk and validates the autologous graft as the gold standard.
Flexible‐rate optoelectronic wireless transmission system at 101 GHz using multiband CAP‐PAM modulation and envelope detection
Authors: Zhang Jiao , Li Qinru , Zhou Qingyi , Zhu Min , Gao Shuang , Wang Zilu , Hua Bingchang , Cai Yuancheng , Lei Mingzheng , Tian Liang , Zou Yucong , Li Aijie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we have experimentally demonstrated the first flexible‐rate optoelectronic terahertz wireless transmission system at 101 GHz based on multiband CAP‐PAM modulation and cost‐efficient envelope detection. Instead of traditional M‐QAM mapping, PAM‐N mapping is used in CAP modulation with low‐computational complexity. The system performances and optimal capacity in both single‐band case and multiband case are intensively investigated. The results show that the highest data rate for single‐band system is 13.35 Gbit/s with CAP‐PAM‐5 modulation, while the optimum aggregate transmission line rate of 8.49 Gbit/s can be obtained with 4‐sub‐bands CAP‐PAM‐{5,3,2,2} modulation under 7% FEC limit of 3.8 × 10−3 for four‐user access.
Who's to blame? The Mesolithic non‐anthropic leporids from Cueva de los Postes (Badajoz, Spain)
Authors: Almeida Nelson J. , Collado Giraldo Hipólito , García Domínguez Celia , Ferreira Cristiana , Oosterbeek Luiz , Saladié Palmira 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe Mesolithic faunal assemblage from Cueva de Los Postes (Badajoz, Spain) is presented and discussed. The faunal remains from different stratigraphic units spatially associated with the Mesolithic funerary use of the cave or preceded them were analyzed. The zooarchaeological record is dominated by leporids, generally rabbit but also hare, scarce mustelids, and undetermined birds. Results indicate that these animals are not associated with the human use of the cave. The relevance of carnivore damage points to an exogenous origin for leporid accumulation. It is inferred that this mixed deposit of scats and non‐ingested remains results from foxes' activity.
Current pharmacotherapy management of children and adults with pericarditis: Prospectus for improved outcomes
Authors: Schwier Nicholas C. , Tsui Janice , Perrine Jordan A. , Guidry Corey M. , Mathew Julia 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPericarditis is the most common inflammatory pericardial disease in both children and adults. Since the 2015 European Society of Cardiology Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of pericardial disease were published, there have been significant updates to management. Pharmacotherapy has been historically reserved for idiopathic pericarditis (IP). However, there has been increasing use of pharmacotherapies, such as anti‐inflammatory therapies, colchicine, and immunotherapies for other causes of pericarditis, such as post‐cardiac injury syndromes (PCIS). Nevertheless, the quality of data varies depending on PCIS or idiopathic etiologies, as well as the adult and pediatric population. High‐dose anti‐inflammatory therapies should be used to manage symptoms associated with either etiology of pericarditis in both adults and children, but do not ameliorate the inflammatory disease process. Choice of anti‐inflammatory should be guided by drug‐drug/disease interactions, cost, tolerability, patient age, and should be tapered accordingly over several weeks to months. Colchicine should be added as adjuvant therapy to anti‐inflammatory therapies in adults and children with IP, as it has been shown to lower the risk of recurrence, reduce pericarditis symptoms, and improve morbidity. Colchicine is also reasonable to add to adults and children with pericarditis secondary to PCIS. Systemic glucocorticoids increase risk of recurrence in adults and children with IP and are reserved for second‐line treatment in acute and recurrent IP; they are generally avoided in PCIS. Immunotherapies are regarded as third‐line for recurrent IP in adults and children. Limited evidence exists to support their use in patients with pericarditis from PCIS. Pharmacovigilance strategies, such as C‐reactive protein and adverse drug event monitoring, are also important toward balancing efficacy and safety of the various strategies used to manage pericarditis in adults and children.
Towards a successful re‐use of decommissioned photovoltaic modules
Authors: van der Heide Arvid , Tous Loic , Wambach Karsten , Poortmans Jef , Clyncke Jan , Voroshazi Eszter 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSince massive numbers of photovoltaic (PV) modules are expected to be discarded in the next decades, it is important to think about end‐of‐life management for those PV modules and to include re‐use next to recycling. However, the re‐use of decommissioned PV modules is a quite complex subject since there are requirements from technical, economic, environmental and legislative point of view. An evaluation of possible applications for second‐hand PV modules showed that currently, the use of these PV modules in high‐income countries is only interesting for specific applications. These are the replacement of some defect modules to repair PV systems (that usually still receive feed‐in tariff) or the replacement of all PV modules for either a low‐cost extension of system lifetime or the repowering of severely underperforming systems. For low‐income countries, second‐hand PV modules are interesting to build new small to medium size PV systems (often off‐grid). The typical decommissioned PV module is a crystalline silicon glass‐backsheet module from a utility power plant. Most PV modules originate from plants that have been partly damaged by severe weather or from repowered plants that did not receive feed‐in tariff (anymore). Currently, technical requirements to qualify potentially re‐usable PV modules for re‐use are lacking. In the legislation also, a clear criterion for a PV module to be considered functional is needed, since it is not an easy yes/no situation like for a typical electronic device. In this paper, guidelines for a low‐cost quality inspection and cost‐effective PV module repair are given. It is proposed to set a clear performance threshold at 70% of the original power for a PV module to be not considered as waste. With this paper, we aim to open the dialogue on a commonly accepted re‐certification protocol and threshold values. Currently, the worldwide re‐use market size is estimated to be around 1  GWp/year, of which 0.3  GWp/year is originating from Europe (mainly Germany, with Italy rapidly coming up). Many second‐hand PV modules are shipped to developing countries without recycling facilities which might create the risk of disposal on the longer term. To create a healthy and sustainable market for second‐hand PV modules, it will be important that evaluation standards for potentially re‐usable PV modules become available and that the existing electronic waste legislation will be adapted for energy‐generating products like PV modules.
BrightHearts: A pilot study of biofeedback assisted relaxation training for the management of chronic pain in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Ostojic Katarina , Sharp Nicole , Paget Simon , Khut George , Morrow Angela 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundChronic pain is estimated to impact one‐in‐three children with cerebral palsy (CP). Psychological interventions including behavioral and cognitive strategies play a key role in chronic pain management, but there is a paucity of research exploring their use in children with CP.AimTo investigate the acceptability and feasibility of biofeedback assisted relaxation training (BART) for chronic pain management in children with CP using a mixed‐methods study design.MethodsBiofeedback assisted relaxation training was delivered via BrightHearts, an iOS application. Inclusion criteria were as follows: CP; self‐reported chronic pain; age 9‐18 years; and fluent English speaker. Children used BrightHearts for ten minutes daily, over four weeks. Qualitative post‐intervention interviews were undertaken (child, parent) and quantitative pre‐post measures (child) were gathered including pain intensity (numerical rating scale), and anxiety intensity (numerical rating scale). Content analysis was conducted for qualitative data. Descriptive statistics and exploratory analyses were performed for quantitative data.ResultsTen children participated (n = 3 male, mean age = 13.1 years SD = 2.5 years, GMFCS level I = 4, II = 2, III = 3, IV = 1). Predominant movement disorder was spasticity (n = 7) and dyskinesia, mainly dystonia (n = 3). Content analysis suggested an overarching theme “BrightHearts is a good thing to put in my toolbox” providing an overall representation of participants’ experiences. For many, BrightHearts was a valuable supplement to children's pain management strategies: “The source of the pain is still there, but the actual effect of the pain isn't so relevant.” Four sub‐themes were identified: “Managing my pain;” “Managing my anxiety and stress,” “Helping me do what I need to do;” and “Fitting it into my life.” Some participants reported improvements in their anxiety management, and others described benefits in sleep and school following improved pain/anxiety management. A range of practical and personal factors within this heterogeneous group presented barriers to using BrightHearts including limited time, attention, and boredom. Seven‐out‐of‐eight children would recommend BrightHearts to others with chronic pain and six‐out‐of‐eight noticed a difference in their pain since using BrightHearts (n = 2 missing data). Non‐significant reductions in pain or anxiety intensity scores were found following the intervention.ConclusionThis pilot suggests BrightHearts is an acceptable and feasible intervention for chronic pain management in children with CP and may be useful for some children as part of a multimodal approach.
Self‐Supported Graphite/Graphene/NiFe‐LDH Electrodes for High Performance Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Wang Rongshuo , Tang Fanhao , Jiang Hao , He Dongxu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractReducing energy consumption and improving energy utilization efficiency has become the focus of research in the 21st century. Electrocatalytic water splitting is one of the promising strategies for producing hydrogen energy. In this study, the non‐noble nickel‐iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe‐LDH) catalyst is deposited on the electrochemically intercalated graphite/graphene (G/GE) substrate and directly used as the self‐supported and binder‐free electrode for electrocatalytic water oxidation. The Ni2Fe1‐LDH@G/GE catalyst shows a low overpotential of 194 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm–2, which is better than the noble metal catalyst IrO2 (314 mV) and RuO2 (330 mV) and many other related works. This research provides a facile way to directly prepare the catalyst electrode with high performance and low cost.
Cyclodextrin Functionalized Carbon Dots Using IFE and FRET Dual Mechanism for Sequential Detection of Morin and Al3+
Authors: Xu Jinxia , Zang Yueyan , Yan Fanyong , Sun Jingru , Zhang Yuyang , Yi Chunhui 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) are emerging photoluminescent materials with excellent optical properties. However, the lack of active sites in primitive CDs has limited their development applications. Herein, functionalized carbon dots (Z‐CDs) are successfully prepared by surface modification of CDs with mono (6‐amino‐6‐deoxy) cyclodextrin (β‐CD). The introduction of β‐CD increases the spatial potential resistance between CDs, which effectively reduces the self‐quenching effect. Moreover, the conjugated domains of Z‐CDs are expanded, which improves the optical properties with a quantum yield of 48.74%. Z‐CDs are able to be used in the sequential detection of morin and Al3+, and the fluorescence mechanisms are confirmed to be internal filtration effect and fluorescence resonance energy transfer, respectively. The limits of detection are 0.817 and 0.231 × 10−6 m. This study not only provides an idea to solve the problem of self‐quenching of CDs but also enriches the detection means of flavonoids and ions, which is expected to be applied to biosensing and environmental monitoring.