bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agent-Based Simulation with Data-Driven Parameterization for Evaluation of Social Acceptance of a Geothermal Development
Authors: TSUCHIYA NORIYOSHI , Masuda Shuntaro , Bahr Kyle , Takemori Tatsuya 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Development of geothermal power plants and local geothermal energy initiatives have lagged due to the social problems such as conflicts with stakeholders such as Onsen (Hot Spa) owners, despite the abundant geothermal resources. Study area was Tsuchiyu Onsen in Fukushima prefecture, Tohoku (Northeast) District, Japan, where the Great East Japan Earthquake and Fukushima Nuclear Accident occurred in 2011, and the reconstruction and local initiatives of geothermal energy were still unclear. Agent-based modeling (ABM) is an effective methodology for modeling and analysis of opinion formation. Parameter estimation method was proposed to extract appropriate parameters from various factors through a Bayesian Network. The characteristics of stakeholders and communities that affected opinion formation in the survey area were successfully extracted. Here we show the sufficient methodology to quantify the characteristics of each person using survey data, and to extract the parameters of the agent by data-driven inverse analysis. By using this methodology, we could reproduce opinion diversity, which is a property of opinion formation in real communities. This result suggests that the model replicates the actual formation of opinion in Tsuchiyu, where the economy was boosted by the construction of a binary cycle power plant.
A Comparative Retrospective Study of COVID-19 Responses in Four Countries
Authors: Wang Xiaohan , Shi Leiyu , Zhang Yuyao , Chen Haiqian , Jiao Jun , Yang Manfei , Sun Gang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective This study compared the government policies and non-pharmaceutical interventions adopted by South Korea, Japan, India, and China in response to COVID-19 during 2020-2021. We hope that our study would propose policies for future COVID-19 waves and provide lessons for future responses to similar infectious diseases.Methods We made a retrospective study by analyzing the government policies and non-pharmaceutical interventions in these four countries. We utilized policy information and non-pharmaceutical intervention measures from governmental web pages, WHO publications, scientific articles, and conventional media. We summarized the measures implemented in each of these four Asian countries, and assessed the effectiveness of the prevention and control measures.Results From January 2020 to May 18, 2021, South Korea and Japan experienced three waves of COVID-19 epidemic, but the number of daily new confirmed cases per million people was relatively small in both countries, and South Korea had fewer daily new confirmed cases per million than Japan. Following the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan in late 2019, China successfully contained the first wave of the outbreak and is not currently experiencing a large-scale resurgence of the epidemic. India is experiencing a grim second wave of the epidemic, with far more daily new confirmed cases per million people than South Korea and Japan. Throughout 2020, the number of COVID-19 deaths per million population remains low in South Korea, Japan, and China, while India has seen an upward trend in deaths per million population since July. As of May 18, 2021, the number of total tests per thousand people in South Korea, India, and Japan was 230.65, 181.23, and 99.59, respectively. South Korea and India both have more than twice as total tests per thousand people as Japan.Conclusion Successful practices in China and South Korea show that--case identification and management, coupled with close contact tracing and isolation, is a powerful strategy. The lessons of Japan and India show that social distancing is an effective measure, but only if it is rigor and persistent. Finally, in both developed and developing countries, the development of health care systems and coordinated government leadership play a key role in overcoming epidemics.
Cobalt Nanoparticles To Enhance Anaerobic Digestion of Cow Dung: Focusing On Kinetic Models For Biogas Yield And Effluent Utilization
Authors: Abdelwahab Taha Abdelfattah Mohammed , Mohanty Mahendra Kumar , Sahoo Pradeepta Kumar , Behera Debaraj 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The impacts of Co nanoparticles (NPs) on the anaerobic digestion (AD) of cow dung were investigated using kinetic models (modified Gompertze, logistic, and first-order) and experimental measurements. The deviation between the predicted and measured data for biogas yield with modified Gompertze and logistic models were (0.66%-2.26%) and (1.43%-4.19%), respectively. The addition of Co NPs (1-3 mg/L) improved the hydrolysis rate (K) value by (66.66%-144%) compared with the control. Furthermore, effluent with Co NPs showed remarkable fertility (4.63%-5.32%). The combination of kinetic models and experimental measurements can effectively quantify the impact of Co NPs on AD performance and provide an informed choice for industrial production.
Russian GDP 2030: Scenarios Under Pollutant Emissions Constraints
Authors: Steblyanskaya Alina , Ai Mingye , Denisov Artem 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The paper’s theoretical significance is based on the system conceptual view concerning GDP growth under environmental restrictions. The primary point of the paper is how environmental constraints restrict or push up GDP growth. The authors evaluate the nature of the interdependence between GDP growth and carbon dioxide emission, wastes, effluent emission, nitrogen effluent emission, emissions in total for the 2000-2018. GDP growth scenarios until 2030 were built under the emissions and waste reduction targets (+-20% from the existing level). The authors use the Kaya equation methodology for the modelling GDP under environmental constraints. There is a negative trend towards a decline in the ecological investments impact on Russia's GDP. It is necessary to carefully analyze the possible reasons for reducing the impact of the ecological investments on GDP. Total emissions and CO2 emissions strongly correlated with total investments in air protection to the GDP; these emissions have the most influence on the GDP level. The investments in water and land protection will grow until 2030. The paper approved the results from previous researchers that the results indicate that most of the variations in CO2 emissions are determined by variations in GDP, so reducing CO2 emissions in the long run can be achieved by continuously increasing GDP. The authors look in the future hoping that Russia would be brave to change ways concerning environmental protection from “extreme and post-crises management” into investments into ecological protection to prevent cataclysms and disasters. It is shortsighted for future try to change something after a disaster has happened.
Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Diseases in France: An 8 Years Nationwide Study
Authors: Veziris Nicolas , Andréjak Claire , Bouée Stéphane , Emery Corinne , Obradovic Marko , Chiron Raphaël 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The objective of the study was to describe the epidemiology, management and cost of non-tuberculous mycobacteria lung disease (NTM-PD) in France.Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed using the SNDS database over 2010-2017. Patients with NTM-PD were identified based on the ICD10 codes during hospitalizations and/or specific antibiotics treatment regimens. The study population was matched (age, gender and region) to a control group (1: 3) without NTM-PD.Results: 5,628 patients with NTM-PD (men: 52.9%, mean age=60.9 years) were identified over the study period and 1,433 (25.5%) were treated with antibiotics. The proportion of patients still receiving treatment at 6 and 12 months was 40% and 22%, respectively.Patients with NTM-PD had more co-morbidities compared to controls: corticoids (57.3% versus 33.8%), chronic lower respiratory disease (34.4% vs. 2.7%), other infectious pneumonia (24.4% vs. 1.4%), malnutrition (22.0% vs. 2.0%), tuberculosis (14.1% vs. 0.1%), HIV (8.7% vs 0.2%), lung cancer and graft (5.7% vs 0.4%), cystic fibrosis (3.2% vs 0.0%), gastro-esophageal reflux disease (2.9% vs 0.9%) and bone marrow transplant (1.3% vs 0.0%) (p<0.0001). The mean Charlson comorbidity index score was 1.6 (versus 0.2 for controls; p <0.0001). NTM-PD was independently associated with an increased mortality rate with a hazard ratio of 2.8 (95% CI: 2.53; 3.11). Mortality was lower for patients treated with antibiotics compared to untreated patients (HR=0.772 (95% CI [0.628; 0.949]).Annual total expenses the year following the infection in a societal perspective were € 24,083 (SD: 29,358) in NTM-PD subjects versus € 3,402 (SD: 8,575) in controls (p<0.0001). Main driver of the total expense for NTM-PD patients was hospital expense (>50% of the total expense).Conclusion: Patients with NTM-PD in France were shown to have many comorbidities, their mortality risk is high and mainly driven by NTM-PD, and their management costly. Only a minority of patients got treated with antibiotics and of those patients treated, many stopped their therapy prematurely. These results underline the high burden associated with NTM-PD and the need for improvement of NTM-PD management in France.
Watchful waiting is an Acceptable Treatment Option for Primary Ocular Adnexal Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Mizuhara Kentaro , Kobayashi Tsutomu , Nakao Mitsushige , Takahashi Ryoichi , Kaneko Hiroto , Shimura Kazuho , Hirakawa Koichi , Uoshima Nobuhiko , Wada Katsuya , Kawata Eri , Isa Reiko , Fujino Takahiro , Tsukamoto Taku , Mizutani Shinsuke , Shimura Yuji , Yoneda Akiko , Watanabe Akihide , Sotozono Chie , Kuroda Junya 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background:Primary ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma (POAML) is the most common subtype of ocular adnexal lymphomas, and most patients with POAML show an indolent clinical course and achieve long-term survival. Although radiotherapy (RT) is the standard of care for localized POAML, it can occasionally lead to permanent side effects. Other treatment strategies, such as rituximab (R) monotherapy and immunochemotherapy, have been used for POAML treatment, but their long-term benefits and relative merits remain unclear. Considering that watchful waiting (WW) is a potential option for some indolent lymphomas, WW is expected to be a therapeutic option for POAML. However, the benefits of WW for POAML patients are also unclear. The aim of this study is to determine the optimal treatment strategy for POAML.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 75 patients who were diagnosed POAML between 2008 and 2019 in the institutions of the Kyoto Clinical Hematology Study Group. Results: The median age was 68 years, and 41 patients were women. Common involved sites were conjunctiva (42.7%), orbit (36.0%), and lacrimal gland (12.0%), and most patients (92.0%) presented with Ann Arbor stage IE disease. The treatment strategy was selected at the physicians’ discretion, and more patients without subjective symptoms by tumor mass were subjected to WW (29 patients, 38.7%), while more patients with tumor-derived subjective symptoms were treated by tumor-directed therapy (24 [32.0%] received focal RT, and 19 [25.3%] received R monotherapy). Complete response rates were 79.2% and 42.1% in the RT and R groups, respectively. At 60 months’ follow-up, the estimated proportions of POAML patients not requiring new treatment were 69.4%, 85.2%, and 53.8% in the WW, RT, and R groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in the time to start of new treatment between WW and RT groups (median: both not reached [NR], p = 0.187) and between WW and R groups (median: NR vs. 69.0 months, p = 0.554). No specific predictive factor for the future need of treatment was identified in the WW group. Conclusions:WW may be an acceptable treatment option for POAML, especially in asymptomatic patients.
Analysis of Policy Responses to COVID-19: A Qualitative Study in Northern Iran
Authors: Farhadi Zeynab , Salemi Morteza , Jahani Mohammad Ali 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Preparation and financing of treatments, control of disease by limited resources, capacity building for the research and development related to the spread of disease, and measures to prevent and control the infection are known as the most important challenges encountered by the policy-makers involved in an epidemic outbreak. Therefore, the present study was conducted to analyze the policy responses of Babol University of Medical Sciences (BUMS) to Coronavirus (COVID-19).
Methods

For this purpose, a qualitative study was performed to investigate the policy responses of BUMS to COVID-19 in Babol (northern Iran) from the beginning of January to the end of March, 2021. The statistical population included the experts, pundits, policy-makers and planners involved in four areas of management, treatment, healthcare, and health donation. Data collection was done according to interviews and policy documents, and the obtained data were analyzed based on the Walt and Gilson’s policy triangle framework.
Results

Interviews and policy documents were determined after several stages of review according to the Walt and Gilson’s policy triangle framework, and the main themes were determined as: policy context, policy analysis, policy-making process, actors and stakeholders, and ways to deal with COVID-19 outbreak. Each theme was divided into 18 sub-themes. Finally, the related topics were extracted from the sub-themes.
Conclusions

Considering the large number of patients waiting for treatment, most of the decisions and policies were directed to their treatment, and the subject of prevention was at the second priority of policy making. Moreover, there was no practical program or policy for tracking the asymptomatic carriers in the community.
Income Inequality, Ecological Footprint, and Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Asian Developing Economies: What Effects What and How?
Authors: Khan Salim , Yahong Wang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The reduction of income inequality and environmental vulnerability are two most important factors, through which we can achieve the target of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The past papers have investigated the nexus between income inequality and carbon emissions, however, the relationship between income inequality and carbon emissions along with ecological footprint needs to be considered. To this end, the objective of current study is to reveals the causal association between income inequality and environmental vulnerability (the ecological footprint and carbon emissions used as a measures of environmental vulnerability) by using the dataset from 2006 to 2017 for the 18 Asian developing economies. The empirical results obtained from Driscoll and Kraay (D&K) standard error estimator confirmed the casual linkages between income inequality, ecological footprint, and carbon emissions. Furthermore, foreign direct investment, easy access to electricity, and population growth control income inequality, but they have a detrimental effect on both ecological footprint and carbon emissions. Lastly, based on our empirical findings, some important policy implications are recommended.
Bayesian Super-Resolution of Spectroscopic Data
Authors: Tsujimori Kota , Hirotani Jun , Harada Shunta 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The resolution of spectroscopy, which delivers valuable insights and knowledge in various research fields, has sometimes been limited by the number of multi-channel detectors employed. For example, in Raman spectroscopy using charge coupled device (CCD) detectors, the resolution is limited by the number of the CCD arrays and it is difficult to achieve spectroscopic data acquisition with high resolution over a wide range. Here we describe a methodology to increase the resolution as well as signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio by applying Bayesian super-resolution in the analysis of spectroscopic data. In our present method, first the hyperparameters for the Bayesian super-resolution are determined by a virtual experiment imitating actual experimental data, and the precision of the super-resolution reconstruction is confirmed by the calculation of errors from the ideal values. For validation of the super-resolution of spectroscopic data, we applied this method to the analysis of Raman spectra. From 200 Raman spectra of a reference Si substrate with a resolution of about 0.8 cm-1, super-resolution reconstruction with resolution of 0.01 cm-1 was successfully achieved with the promised precision. From the super-resolution spectrum, the Raman scattering peak of the reference Si substrate was estimated as 520.55 (+ 0.12, -0.09) cm-1, which is comparable to the precisely determined value from previous works. The present methodology can be applied to various kinds of spectroscopic analysis, leading to increased precision in the analysis of spectroscopic data and the ability to detect slight differences in spectral peak positions and shapes.
An Epidemiological Cohort Study of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 in German Healthcare Workers – Interim Analysis after Six Months of Follow-up
Authors: Gehring Stephan , Okasha Omar , Kowalzik Frank , Engelmann Tobias , Schreiner Daniel , Jensen Christian , Maehringer-Kunz Aline , Hartig-Merkel Wendy , Tomer Anirudh , Oostvogels Lidia , Verstraeten Thomas 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHealthcare workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We assessed incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 before the roll out of COVID-19 vaccines in a cohort of HCWs in Mainz, Germany.MethodsUsing prospective observational cohort design, antibody status was assessed at baseline and every 6 weeks (±2 weeks). Daily self-reported COVID-19 symptoms were collected using a smartphone application. Symptomatic HCWs were tested using RT-PCR. We estimated symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection rates based on two case definitions of varying sensitivity and specificity.Results3664 HCWs were enrolled with a median follow-up of 101 days. The seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies increased from 2.7% at baseline to 3.8%, with the number of seroconversions (65) outweighing seroreversions (26) by end of follow-up. Among HCWs who seroconverted, 12 (~19%) did not report any symptoms. The estimated incidence rate was 4.5 per 1000 person-months, but none the incident cases developed severe disease. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies fell below diagnostic cut-off value in a third of those positive at baseline and in one incident case.ConclusionsWe observed increasing COVID-19 rates among HCWs during an accelerated community transmission period, with relatively lower rate of asymptomatic infections. Our findings indicate a relatively long-lasting humoral immune response following natural infection.
Is Attentional Bias To Idiosyncratic Stimuli Related To Borderline Symptomatology?
Authors: Martins Ana , Ferreira Laura , Fernandes Catarina , Faísca Luís 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: In borderline personality disorder, attentional bias to emotional stimuli may be a fundamental component in their origin and maintenance. However, the authors seem divided between the hypothesis of hypervigilance for negative stimuli and the hypothesis of over-reactivity against any type of stimuli. Aims: We aimed to observe the association between borderline symptoms and the allocation of attention to neutral, idiosyncratic negative and general negative emotional words. Method: We tested thirty-five portuguese university students, aged between 18 and 40 years old with an Emotional Stroop paradigm. Results: Our results suggest that a higher score of borderline symptoms are associated with a greater interference of idiosyncratic negative words in the colour identification task. Conclusions: These results support the hypervigilance hypotheses for idiosyncratic borderline stimuli. In other words, this study suggested that borderline sympotms is linked to an inability to disengage attention from negative words typically of borderline disorder. Based on these findings, mood-dependent therapeutic interventions focusing on attentional processes may represent a useful contribute to established therapies in patients with BPD.
Determining the lithogeochemical background concentrations of 39 elements in Bavarian rocks
Authors: Wagner Bernhard , Tammen Anneke , Jung Dietmar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Typical element background concentrations of rock units in Bavaria were evaluated by statistical means and presented in a lithogeochemical map, derived from the geological map at a scale of 1:25,000. The elements include 39 geogenic main and trace elements (SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, TiO2, P2O5 Li, Be, Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, As, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Tl, Pb, Bi , Th and U).
The distributions of element concentrations in the lithogeochemical units follow closely lognormal patterns in a large majority of cases. Statistical parameters (10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th percentiles) of investigated elements were determined using the cenfit function of the NADA package within the open source program R. The investigation, based on 8,838 analysed samples, provided data for about 2/3 of the area of Bavaria. The lithogeochemical map with medians (50th percentiles) and background values (90th percentiles) of the investigated elements is available in a web map application. Thus, the regional geogenic background values of the investigated elements in Bavaria are publicly available for a large variety of applications.
Development and Verification of the Amino Metabolism Related and Immune-associated Prognosis Signature in Gliomas
Authors: Xu Yang , Ye Liguo , Geng Rongxin , Hu Ping , Sun Qian , Tong Shiao , Yuan Fanen , Chen Qianxue 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Aberrant reprogramming of metabolism has been considered as a hallmark in various malignant tumors. The metabolic changes of amino acid not only have dramatic effects in cancer cells but also influence their immune-microenvironment in gliomas. However, the features of the amino acid metabolism-related and immune-associated gene set haven’t been systematically described. Methods: The expression level of mRNA was obtained from TCGA database and CGGA database, which was used as training set and validation set respectively. Different bioinformatic and statistical methods were combined to construct a robust amino metabolism related and immune-associated risk signature for distinguishing prognosis and clinic-pathological features. Constructing the nomogram enhanced risk stratification and quantify risk assessment on the basis of our gene model. Besides, the biological mechanism related to the risk score was investigated by gene set enrichment analysis. Hub genes of risk signature were identified by PPI network. Results: The amino acid metabolism-related and immune-associated gene signature recognized high-risk patients defined as an independent risk factor for overall survival. The nomogram exhibited high accuracy of predicting OS rate for glioma patients. Furthermore, high-risk score hinted immunosuppressive microenvironment and lower sensitivity of ICB therapy and also identified PSMC5 and PSMD3 as novel biomarkers in glioma. Conclusion: A novel amino acid metabolism-related and immune-associated risk signature for predicting prognosis in glioma has been constructed and identified two potential novel biomarkers.