bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism of Astragaloside IV in the Recurrence of Asthma: Critical Role of Memory T Cells and OX40/OX40L Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yang Qingqing , Zhang Hongying , Sun Jing , Dong Jingcheng , Kong Lingwen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The recurrence of asthma is partly mediated by central memory CD4(+) T cells(TCM) that promote lung inflammation through the production of effector T cells. Targeting the expansion of pathogenic TCM(central memory CD4(+) T cells) is a promising therapeutic strategy to block production of effector T cells. The study aimed to evaluate the regulatory effects of Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on TCMs and try to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of AS-IV in asthmatic mice. We developed a murine model of asthma by ovalbumin(OVA) challenge. Flow cytometry was used to determine the counts of CD4(+) memory T cells subgroups. Pulmonary tests, inflammatory cytokines in blood and inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,were measured to evaluate the inflammatory response level before and after AS-IV treatment. To further determine the role of TCM in the recurrence of inflammation, TCM were isolated by Magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) from spleens of asthma, control, AS-IV and dexamethasone treatment mice. The isolated cells were adoptive transferred into nude mice via tail intravenous injection, respectively, and the inflammatory response level of the lung was measured after OVA challenge. The effects of AS-IV on TCM viability, the number of the frequency (in percent) of CD44highCD62Lhigh cells, and the expression of OX40 and OX40L were measured before and after AS-IV treatment. In circulation blood, we demonstrated increased percentages of CCR7highCD62LlowCD4+ effector memory T cells(TEM) and decreased CCR7highCD62LhighCD4(+) TCM in asthma mice. On the contrary, the TEM subgroup percentage were decreased and the TCM phenotypes were increased in asthmatic spleen. AS-IV treatment significantly decreased CD4(+) T effector phenotypes in blood and inhibited the lung inflammatory response. Additionally, the inflammation of nude mice that adoptive transferred TCM from AS-IV treatment asthmatic mice had relieved inflammation compared with asthmatic group. In vitro, we successfully used spleen T lymphoid cells stimulated with IL-7 and OVA to induce a central memory T cell model. TCM co-cultured with DC cells had a significantly increased expression of OX40/OX40L. AS-IV pretreatment partially inhibited the expression of OX40 signal pathway. This study indicates that AS-IV can ameliorate asthma inflammation by inhibiting the production of TEM form TCM. The treatment mechanism maybe involved in the OX40/OX40L pathway.
FPGA Implementation of Eye Movement Detection Algorithm
Authors: GUNDUGONTI KISHORE KUMAR , Narayanam Balaji 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we propose an simple and efficient VLSI hardware architecture is implemented for eye movement detection. For Eye movement detection reading activity Electrooculography (EOG) signal is considered. Here, for denoising the noisy EOG signal efficient FIR filter and for decomposition of denoised EOG signal an efficient Haar wavelet transform architecture is used respectively. The modified VLSI hardware architecture method detected the saccade (left movement of eye and right movement of eye) and blink efficiently. The hardware architecture of the eye movement detection algorithm functionality is verified by using Xilinx System Generator hardware co-simulation tool. The eye movement detection algorithm is implemented on the ZedBoard FPGA using Xilinx Vivado design suite.
Synthesis of Mackinawite (FeSm) and its heterogeneous Fenton-like catalytic degradation performance of rhodamine B
Authors: Zhang Kaili , Yang Yanli , Xu Miao , Cheng Tiexin , Zhou Guangdong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work, Mackinawite (FeSm) was synthesized by homogeneous precipitation method, and flower-like nanoparticles formed by the aggregation of nanosheets with a preferred orientation along the (001) plane. The heterogeneous Fenton-like degradation performance of FeSm on rhodamine B (RhB) was investigated, results illustrated that RhB degradation was the synergistic effect of adsorption, Fenton, and a heterogeneous Fenton-like reaction. In repeated experiments, the reduction of reactivity was attributed to the oxidation of FeSm into lepidocrocite, whereas lepidocrocite has relatively low hydroxyl radicals (•OH) production reactivity. Thus, it showed excellent degradation effects in long-time degradation of RhB. Photoluminescence technology and free radical capture experiments demonstrated that •OH produced on the surface of catalyst was the main active species to remove RhB. In addition, the Fe species on the surface of FeSm was the main active center for surface-mediated reactions. A total organic carbon test revealed that the degradation was not complete and degradation intermediates were formed. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry technology was used to identify the degradation intermediates. On this basis, possible degradation pathways were proposed.
„Chętka mię napadła budować i pięknie mieszkać”. Stosunek Krzysztofa Opalińskiego (1611–1655) do architektury
Authors: Stankiewicz Aleksander 
Published: December 2021

W artykule omówiono nieopracowany jak dotąd przez badaczy stosunek Krzysztofa Opalińskiego do architektury. Magnat zamawiał projekty swoich pałaców we Włoszakowicach oraz w Warszawie u Constantego Tencalli, który zapewne projektował też kościół parafialny we Włoszakowicach. Swoje opinie na temat budownictwa Opaliński zawarł w pisanych przez siebie wierszach oraz w listach do swojego brata Łukasza, domniemanego autora pierwszego polskojęzycznego traktatu architektonicznego. Poglądy Opalińskiego, częściowo zbieżne z wyrażonymi w tym traktacie, były wynikiem lektury włoskich i francuskich traktatów i wzorników architektonicznych, ale też dzieła Petera Paula Rubensa Palazzo di Genova, wydanego w 1622 roku.
Impactos do distanciamento social por Covid-19 na comunicação de crianças e adolescentes com autismo
Authors: Givigi Rosana Carla Do Nascimento , Cunha Ane Cristine Hermínio , Barreto Lara Lyss de Almeida , Silva Giovanna Santos da , Conceição Louise Carvalho da 
Published: December 2021

Durante a pandemia da Covid-19 uma das restrições foi o distanciamento social, que impactou a vida de todos. Este estudo objetivou analisar os efeitos do distanciamento social na comunicação de crianças e adolescentes com autismo. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de caráter transversal, no qual 322 pais ou responsáveis responderam um questionário on-line. Como resultado destaca-se: 96,60% dos participantes que estudam pararam de frequentar a escola; 88,20% dos respondentes avaliaram que houve mudança no comportamento da criança durante o período de distanciamento social; as mudanças foram negativas para 68,6% e positivas para 31,4%; 46,70% apresentaram mudanças positivas na interação, 53,30% negativas; 70,35% estavam com mais contato visual e expressão facial, 29,65% estavam com menos; 48,45% entenderam que a linguagem e a comunicação estavam melhores, 51,55% que estavam piores. Conclui-se que pelo menos a metade das crianças e adolescentes investigados apresentaram piora nos aspectos mencionados, com implicações na comunicação, sendo importante que recebam apoio.
Machine Learning Prediction Models for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Zheqing , Yang Luqian , Han Wentao , Wu Yaoyu , Zhang Linhui , Gao Chun , Jiang Kui , Liu Yun , Wu Huiqun 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common endocrine metabolic disease, involving a carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity during pregnancy. The incidence of GDM-related complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes has declined, in part, due to early screening. Machine learning (ML) models are increasingly used to identify risk factors and enable the early prediction of GDM.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to perform a meta-analysis and comparison of published prognostic models for predicting the risk of GDM and identify predictors applicable to the models.MethodsFour reliable electronic databases were searched for studies that developed ML prediction models for GDM in the general population instead of among high-risk groups only. The novel Prediction Model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) was used to assess the risk of bias of the ML models. The Meta-DiSc software program (version 1.4) was used to perform the meta-analysis and determination of heterogeneity. To limit the influence of heterogeneity, we also performed sensitivity analyses, a meta-regression, and subgroup analysis.ResultsA total of 25 studies that included women older than 18 years without a history of vital disease were analyzed. The pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) for ML models predicting GDM was 0.8492; the pooled sensitivity was 0.69 (95% CI 0.68-0.69; P<.001; I2=99.6%) and the pooled specificity was 0.75 (95% CI 0.75-0.75; P<.001; I2=100%). As one of the most commonly employed ML methods, logistic regression achieved an overall pooled AUROC of 0.8151, while non–logistic regression models performed better, with an overall pooled AUROC of 0.8891. Additionally, maternal age, family history of diabetes, BMI, and fasting blood glucose were the four most commonly used features of models established by the various feature selection methods.ConclusionsCompared to current screening strategies, ML methods are attractive for predicting GDM. To expand their use, the importance of quality assessments and unified diagnostic criteria should be further emphasized.
Home-Based Spirometry Telemonitoring After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Mixed Methods Evaluation of Acceptability and Usability
Authors: Sheshadri Ajay , Makhnoon Sukh , Alousi Amin M , Bashoura Lara , Andrade Rene , Miller Christopher J , Stolar Karen R , Arain Muhammad Hasan , Noor Laila , Balagani Amulya , Jain Akash , Blanco David , Ortiz Abel , Taylor Michael S , Stenzler Alex , Mehta Rohtesh , Popat Uday R , Hosing Chitra , Ost David E , Champlin Richard E , Dickey Burton F , Peterson Susan K 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundHome-based spirometry (HS) allows for the early detection of lung complications in recipients of an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (AHCT). Although the usability and acceptability of HS are critical for adherence, patient-reported outcomes of HS use remain poorly understood in this setting.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to design a longitudinal, mixed methods study to understand the usability and acceptability of HS among recipients of AHCT.MethodsStudy participants performed HS using a Bluetooth-capable spirometer that transmitted spirometry data to the study team in real time. In addition, participants completed usability questionnaires and in-depth interviews and reported their experiences with HS. Analysis of interview data was guided by the constructs of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model.ResultsRecipients of AHCT found HS to be highly acceptable despite modest technological barriers. On average, participants believed that the HS was helpful in managing symptoms related to AHCT (scores ranging from 2.22 to 2.68 on a scale of 0-4) and for early detection of health-related problems (score range: 2.88-3.12). Participants viewed HS favorably and were generally supportive of continued use. No significant barriers to implementation were identified from the patient’s perspective. Age and gender were not associated with the patient perception of HS.ConclusionsStudy participants found HS acceptable and easy to use. Some modifiable technical barriers to performing HS were identified; however, wider implementation of pulmonary screening is feasible from the patient’s perspective.
Inpatient Teledermatology Referrals During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a UK Trust: A Comparative Review and Doctor Survey
Authors: Howard Lucy , Jagun O , Hong A , Hassan Z , Wong C , Halpern S 
Published: December 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has broadened the scope of teledermatology services in the United Kingdom from a primarily outpatient-based triage tool to the management of inpatient referrals. In order to reduce the risk of transmission in hospital, a number of changes were implemented within our department. As part of this, our on-call referrals were transferred to a telemedicine app, which incorporates the secure transfer of user-generated patient images onto a web-based image management system providing remote access for the dermatology team.

Objective
This study aimed to compare how the introduction of this referral method impacted the nature and number of referrals received, the efficiency of the on-call service, and user preferences.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted to compare the number of referrals, time taken to review, and referral diagnoses between previous referral methods to the dermatology department (bleep, fax, email) (July and September 2019) and the new teledermatology app (July and September 2020). We also performed a survey of junior doctors, seeking their feedback and preferences pertaining to the new referral system.

Results
The number of referrals increased by 80%, with a 6-fold increase in lesion referrals. There is a possibility that not all referrals from 2019 were accounted for as paper documents are easily lost or discarded, highlighting another advantage of teledermatology in providing a reliable record of referrals. Dermatology referrals may have increased as the telemedicine app is more accessible to staff across sites. The telemedicine app also led to a reduction in time to review by 0.53 days, resulting in a significantly higher number of patients being given dermatology input on the day of the referral (78% vs 58%). This will have led to earlier treatment, improved patient outcomes, and shorter inpatient stays, resulting in potential cost reductions for the hospital. The survey of junior doctors showed that 81% preferred teledermatology to the previous referral methods.

Conclusions
The introduction of teledermatology has provided an effective and acceptable method of managing on-call dermatology referrals. Easier access to dermatology advice via teledermatology may result in higher numbers of referrals, which may warrant strict referral criteria to prevent oversubscription of the on-call service. Teledermatology ensures an accurate log of referrals, including the nature of referrals, allowing for better auditing and service improvement. Teledermatology referrals allow for advice to be provided within shorter time frames compared to previous methods. This should improve patient outcomes and reduce hospital admission stays, potentially resulting in cost savings for the hospital.

Conflict of Interest
None declared.
Artificial Intelligence Support for Skin Lesion Triage in Primary Care and Dermatology
Authors: Thompson Harmony , Oakley Amanda , Jameson Michael B , Bowling Adrian 
Published: December 2021

Background
Primary care providers, dermatology specialists, and health care access are key components of primary prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of skin cancer. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers the promise of diagnostic support for nonspecialists, but real-world clinical validation of AI in primary care is lacking.

Objective
We aimed to (1) assess the reliability of an AI-based clinical triage algorithm in classifying benign and malignant skin lesions and (2) evaluate the quality of images obtained in primary care using the study camera (3Gen DermLite Cam v4 or similar).

Methods
This was a single-center, prospective, double-blinded observational study with a predetermined study design. We recruited participants with suspected skin cancer in 20 primary care practices who were referred for assessment via teledermatology. A second set of photographs taken using a standardized camera was processed by the AI algorithm. We evaluated the image quality and compared two teledermatologists’ diagnoses by consensus (the “gold standard”) with AI and histology where applicable.

Results
Our primary outcome assessment stratified 391 skin lesions by management as benign, uncertain, or malignant. Uncertain lesions were not included in the sensitivity and specificity analyses. Uncertain lesions included lesions that had either diagnostic or management uncertainties. For the remaining 242 lesions, the sensitivity was 97.26% (95% CI 93.13%-99.25%) and the specificity was 97.92% (95% CI 92.68%-99.75%). The AI algorithm was compared with the histological diagnoses for 123 lesions. The sensitivity was 100% (95% CI 95.85%-100%) and the specificity was 72.22% (95% CI 54.81%-85.80%).

Conclusions
The AI algorithm demonstrates encouraging results, with high sensitivity and specificity, concordant with previous AI studies. It shows potential as a triage tool in conjunction with teledermatology to augment health care and improve access to dermatology. Further real-life studies need to be conducted on a larger scale to assess the reliability, usability, and cost-effectiveness of the algorithm in primary care.

Acknowledgments
MoleMap NZ, who developed the AI algorithm, provided some funding for this study. HT's salary was partially sponsored by MoleMap NZ, who developed the AI algorithm. AB is a shareholder and consultant to Molemap Ltd provider of the AI algorithm.

Conflicts of Interest
None declared.
Understanding the Multiple Factor Determining of Z Generation to Hotel Staycation During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Choirisa Septi Fahmi , Rizkalla Nosica 
Published: December 2021

The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on restricted mobility, as well as a devastating economic development in various sectors, have change renewed interest in the future of tourism, especially in Hospitality Industry. This study sought to examine the Theory of Planned Behavior in the context of hotel staycation during the Covid-19 pandemic. Paired t-tests and the structural equation modelling were applied to assess the 246 responses of Z generations in Indonesia for the first and second quarters of 2021. The finding showed that attitude, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norms affect the hotel staycation intention during a pandemic for Z generations. Perceived behavioral control plays the most significant part. Several findings are provided on how the generation perceives traveling during the COVID-19 pandemic and how to encourage them to resume traveling after the travel restriction is lifted. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. The viewpoint proffered in this study provides scopes of the hospitality industry in terms of hotel staycation programs to maintain a resilient economic strategy during the pandemic.
Clinical, laboratory characteristics of a new Сoronavirus Infection in children in the Stavropol Territory
Authors: Bezrodnova S. M. , Yatsenko N. A. , Sirazhov G. M. 
Published: December 2021

A new coronavirus infection in children is more often asymptomatic or in mild forms, however, more and more severe cases of the disease have been recorded recently, and single deaths in children have been recorded in the world.The aim of the study was a clinical and laboratory analysis of the features of the course of a new coronavirus infection in children in the Stavropol Territory.Based on a retrospective study, 86 medical records of inpatient children who were treated at the Regional Specialized Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital of the Stavropol Territory were analyzed with a diagnosis of U07.1 New coronavirus infection for the period from April 2020 to April 2021.The majority of hospitalized patients suffered from COVID-19 in a moderate form 59.3%. Children are more likely to become infected in family foci of infection – 51.2%. In 60% of cases, children are hospitalized 4—7 days from the onset of the disease. In the clinical picture, the leading symptoms were: fever (76.7%), cough (55.8%), weakness (38.4%), rhinitis (20.9%), gastrointestinal symptoms (12.8%). Pneumonia was detected in 37.2% of children. All patients were discharged with clinical recovery.
The characteristic of excretory and acidregulating renal functions under aluminum salts action in mature and immature rats
Authors: Y. M. Vepryuk  
Published: December 2021

In experiments on 36 immature and mature males of nonlinear albino rats weighing 0,60-0,10 0,16-0,21 kg respectively it was shown more significant nephrotoxic effect of the studied environmental factor on the immature animals, judging from the fact that the concentration of protein in the urine and its excretion increased against the background of the introduction of aluminum salts in immature rats. The mature rats tended to increase the excretion of ammonia and a significant ammonia ratio increase when aluminum salts were introduced.
Pathogenic flora in pneumoempyema and its sensitivity to antibiotics
Authors: V. V. Boiko  , D. Ye. Lopatenko  
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we investigated the etiologic factor of a pneumoempyema and determined its main pathogens sensitivity to antibiotics. We have found that the flora is polymicrobial, Streptococci showed the greatest sensitivity to third-generation cephalosporins (ceftazidime) antibiotics, fluoroquinolones (gatifloxacin, levofloxacin); staphylococci – a combination of carbapenem and digidropeptidazainhibitor (thienam), combination of penicillin and β-lactamases inhibitor (klaforan), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin), the causative agent of pulmonary infection P. aeruginosa – a combination of carbapenem and digidropeptidaza inhibitor (thienam), a combined preparation of third generation cephalosporins and inhibitor of β-lactamases. Candida species were susceptible to amphotericin B.
Blood loss effect on the dynamics of indicators of biligenic liver function in response to сranioskeletal injury
Authors: T. А. Zayets  
Published: December 2021

In conditions of experimental сranioskeletal injury the disorders of biligenic liver function indicators proceed with maximum deviations in 7 days of post-traumatic period. The revealed disorders are enhanced by subsidiary blood loss: in bile the content of general bile acids and cholesterol and in 1 day of post-traumatic period – of direct bilirubin and its degree of conjugation becomes significantly lower in all periods of observation.
Examination of metabolic disorders in postmenopausal women
Authors: S. Y. Kosilova  
Published: December 2021

Climacteric period constitutes a third of a woman’s life. The longer was the period of menopause the more intensive were the signs of obesity, as well as increase of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, increase of C-reactive protein basal level. C-reactive protein is a risk factor of development of vascular diseases. Increased level of C-reactive protein was found in 74 % of women with obesity. In 30 % of women with longer menopause and more pronounced metabolic disorders, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, Type II was diagnosed, and in 42 % of hypertensive disorders were found. Timely diagnostics and correction of metabolic disorders will reduce the risk of development of cardio-vascular diseases and diabetes mellitus in postmenopausal women, improving their quality of life.
Endothelial dysfunction and means of its correction in patients with hypertension and concomitant heart failure
Authors: V. M. Miziuk  
Published: December 2021

The paper studies endothelial dysfunction in patients with arterial hypertension and concomitant heart failure using, besides basic therapy, selective inhibitor of if-channels of cardiac sinus node cells ivabradine. It was determined that patients with hypertension without heart failure are characterized by less pronounced changes of endothelial function. Additional use of ivabradin besides basic therapy induces a decrease of heart rate and promotes normalization of serum endothelin-1 level in patients with hypertension and heart failure.