bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A single center experience: physician related diagnostic delay and demographic and clinical differences between patients with ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Ulutaş Firdevs , Çobankara Veli , Şenol Hande , Karasu Uğur , Kaymaz Serdar , Yaşar Canan Albayrak , Ök Zeynep Dündar , Yiğit Murat 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background. A large number of comparative studies have been conducted for ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA), including disease burden, treatment modalities and patient characteristics. The aim of this study was to compare physician related diagnostic delay time between patients with AS and nr-axSpA.

Methods. In our retrospective study we included 266 patients with axSpA. Patients were classified into two subgroups, AS and nr-axSpA. The time from back pain onset until diagnosis of axSpA was defined as the diagnostic delay. The first specialist referred to and the first diagnosis for each patient was noted in detail. Patient characteristics, clinical manifestations and laboratory and imaging results at diagnosis were also compared between subgroups.

Results. The diagnostic delay time was significantly longer for AS patients [6 ± 8.14 years vs 1.62 ± 2.54 years]. 40.9% of all patients were initially consulted by specialists in physical therapy and rehabilitation, followed by 29.7% consulted by a neurosurgeon and 19.9% by a rheumatologist. The most common initial diagnosis was fibromyalgia, 52.6% (140), followed by ankylosing spondylitis, 28.9% (77), and lumbar disc hernia, 12.7% (34).

Conclusion. The vast majority of patients were initially evaluated by healthcare providers other than rheumatologists and mostly diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Efforts to increase awareness and to educate first healthcare providers may shorten the diagnostic delay time.
Nailfold capillaroscopy in systemic diseases: short overview for internal medicine
Authors: Dima Alina , Berza Ioana , Popescu Daniela Nicoleta , Parvu Magda Ileana 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) is now one of the main imaging tools in systemic sclerosis and imposed over time as an easy, non-invasive method for the nailfold microvascular bed assessment.
In qualitative NFC normal pattern is characterized by homogeneous, parallel fashion arrangement of the last capillaries row as well as by capillaries with hairpin or non-specific variations like tortuous and/ or crossing shape.
Nailfold capillaroscopy is strongly recommended for evaluation of all patients with Raynaud phenomenon. Appearance of giant capillaries is chronologically the first relevant finding for scleroderma spectrum disorders development (systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, undifferentiated and mixed connective tissue disease). Collapses of the giant loops generate microhemorrhages and further capillary loss with subsequent hypoxia, and neoangiogenesis seen as ramified/ bushy capillaries. Nailfold capillaroscopy is indicated especially in systemic sclerosis, being also included in the classification criteria.
Based on these major NFC pathologic findings (giant capillaries, microhemorrhages, avascularity and neoangiogenesis), three evolutive stages were described in systemic sclerosis, namely the early, active, and late scleroderma pattern.
In other connective tissue diseases than those scleroderma-related, like systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriatic arthritis, or antiphospholipid syndrome, the interest for capillaroscopy is growing, but the attempts of defining specific characteristics failed until now.
Besides qualitative NFC, semiquantitative and quantitative capillaroscopic assessments were proposed for more accurate evaluation. Lately, automated systems are under development. There is still need of more studies to sustain the nailfold capillaroscopy validity as diagnostic and prognostic test.
Impact of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on esophageal physiology
Authors: Popescu Andrada-Loredana , Ioniţa-Radu Florentina , Jinga Mariana , Balaban Vasile -Daniel , Costache Raluca-Simona , Săvulescu Florin , Fierbinţeanu-Braticevici Carmen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Introduction. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is a popular weight loss surgery technique, but the impact on esophageal physiology and esophagogastric junction is still debatable. The aim of our study was to evaluate the manometric changes of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) after LSG in order to indicate LES manometry pre- procedure.

Methods. In a prospective study we evaluated clinically, with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and high-resolution esophageal manometry 45 morbidly obese patients before, and 6–12 months after LSG.

Results. The BMI (body mass index) decreased from 46.28±5.79 kg/m2 to 32.28±4.65 kg/m2 postoperatively (p <0.01), with a reduction of ~14 kg/m2 of BMI, 39.9 (±11.9) kg body weight and 29.9 (± 6.2)% of the TWL (Total Weight Loss index), in a median interval of 7.9 months. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) prevalence increased from 17.8% to 31.1% postoperatively, with new GERD onset in 22.2%, but mild symptomatology (the median GERD-HRQL score increased from 1.56 to 2.84 points). Postoperatory reflux was associated with lower esophageal sphincter (LES) hypotonia, shortening of LES length and IIGP (increased intragastric pressure). Hiatal hernia repair rate was 17.8%, and proton pump inhibitor consumption 20%. After weight loss, the 10 cases of esophagitis discovered preoperatively cured, but 3 patients were diagnosed with de novo esophagitis. The prevalence of manometric dysmotility after LSG was 28.9%, lower than before surgery (44.4%).

Conclusion. Even if GERD remains the main limitation of LSG, the high-resolution esophageal manometry has proved useful and should be implemented in morbidly obese evaluation protocol, to better select the bariatric procedure.
In-Depth Investigation of Contributing Factors to Car-Motorcycle Accidents in Budapest City
Authors: Farooq Danish , Juhasz Janos 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Car-motorcycle accidents have been reported higher in recent years in Hungary due to increasing number of motorbikes on road. Car-motorcycle collisions mostly lead to fatal and seriously injured accidents mainly due to the vulnerability of motorcyclists and other related factors. The crash investigation studies aim to analyze the main contributing factors that cause fatal road accidents and injury outcomes. The main goal of this study is to evaluate and compare the contributing factors to car-motorcycle accidents in Budapest city by using a microsimulation tool. The procedure utilized the statistical analysis and data sampling to categorize car-motorcycle accidents by dominant accident types based on collision configurations. The police report is used as a data source for designated accidents and simulation models are plotted according to scale (M 1:200). The simulation crash study results observed the main contributing factors to car-motorcycle accidents such as driver behavior, rider behavior and view obstruction. The comprehensive in-depth investigation also found that most of the car drivers and riders could not perform collision avoidance manoeuvres before the collision. This study can help the traffic safety authorities to solve road safety issues by considering the main contributing factors to car-motorcycle collisions. The study also proposes safety measures to avoid car-motorcycle accidents in future.
Design and Execution of Turdas Tunnel
Authors: Nică Flaviu Ioan , Iftimie Teodor 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The paper presents aspects of the design and execution of the Turdas tunnel located on the local variant (route), on the Coşlariu - Simeria section, from the rehabilitation project of Brasov – Simeria railway line, component part of Pan European Railway Corridor IV, for train circulation with maximum speed of 160km/h. The tunnel crosses through alluvial deposits with silt and clay with locally sand layers at the upper part, sand and gravel with water in the middle part and marly silty clay and neogenic marl, with swelling phenomena, at the lower part. The overburden is between 2.00m and 13.00m. The initial project provided execution in underground, on 510.00m in the central area and from surface at both ends, 225.00m at the entrance and 45.00m at the exit. The new optimized project, based on new geological and geotechnical studies, proposed an execution from surface for the entire length of the tunnel. To establish the optimal solution two methods of surface execution and structural solutions were analyzed comparatively: “Cut and Cover” and “Cover and Cut”. The adopted method was “Cut and Cover”, with a structural solution composed of a temporary retaining structure – diaphragm walls with a special internal lining. This has been divided in six sections with different behavioral types, taking into account the ground configuration in longitudinal profile and the geological and geotechnical data. The technological execution phases are presented in detail. To investigate the behavior of this type of structure under soil and swelling actions, three-dimensional finite element analyses were carried out, taking into account the execution phases for each cross section. A monitoring system was provided to verify the stresses in the temporary retaining structure and the internal lining and also to calibrate future calculations.
Influence of Surface Roughness on Selected Geometric Characteristics of Laser Beam Welded Joints of AW 2099 Alloy
Authors: Šugra Filip , Marônek Milan , Bárta Jozef , Lopatková Michaela , Mičian Miloš 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Al-Li alloys are used in various industries owing to their good mechanical and physical properties. However, one of the limiting factors of welding the aluminium alloys by laser beam is the high reflectivity of the beam and thus the reduced efficiency of the laser. Reduction of reflectivity can be achieved by increasing the surface roughness, which may have a beneficial effect on the absorption of the laser, resulting into affecting the weld bead dimensions. The paper deals with the analysis of the influence of surface roughness of welded materials on geometry of welded joints. Specimens of AW 2099 alloy 2099 with a thickness of 3 mm were milled to achieve different levels of roughness, and then laser welded. Characteristic dimensions of the welds (weld surface/root width) were measured. The obtained data were statistically analysed using the ANOVA method, in order to assess statistical significance of the influence of individual roughness parameters on the geometric characteristics of welds. The results of the analysis showed that, within the monitored range and surface roughness parameters, only the influence of roughness parameter Rq, Rz on the weld root width can be considered statistically significant.
The Relationship Between Entrepreneurship and Digitalization - Spotlight on the EU Countries
Authors: Andreea Bogoslov Ioana , Elena Lungu Anca 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In the current context of the modern world, economies depend on a dynamic innovative environment, the innovation actually representing one of the main facilitators of change. The economic growth has certainly led to an exponential increase with respect to the interaction between innovation and entrepreneurship. Undoubtedly, innovation depends on the entrepreneurial context and mostly on the cooperation between the market process’ level actors. In order to implement the innovation in the entrepreneurial activities, there is a sine qua non condition of having the abilities to contribute as a promoter on spreading and adoption of innovation. The current innovations are, in certain situations, capitalized and they can be oriented towards gaining profit. The disparities in terms of development and the favourable evolution of the business environment are determined by multiple factors, at present the implementation of technologies representing one of them. The correlation between technology and economy exists and the effects it produces on the market reality are showcased in this article. Therefore, the purpose of the current research is to identify the correlations between the economic development and technologies adoption in the entrepreneurial field. For this purpose, quantitative methods have been used in order to strengthen the obtained results.
Interplays Between Corporate Reputation And Media – A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Leila Lunguleac-Bardasuc , Camelia Budac , Claudia Ogrean 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
As strategic asset – determinant of sustained competitiveness – corporate/firm reputation has a very distinctive feature that sets it apart: although reflection of (better, worse or not at all performed) reputation management at a company’s level, it is rather a “representation” / “perception” – built on a business’s previous behaviors, but more precisely on the ways its different stakeholders have interacted (acknowledged, internalized, resonated) with them – in a (sometimes unconscious) process highly mediated and moderated by the media. Thus, the current study aims to explore the interplays between corporate/firm reputation and media as they are reflected in the scientific literature – through a bibliometric analysis of the WoS Core Collection database records (between 1992 and 2019), using the VOSviewer tool. With its emphasis on corporate/firm reputation and media, the paper shapes the broad theoretical backgrounds in anticipation of future research and empirical results to be revealed on a much more focused and applied/practical area, namely the reputation of the media in Romania.
The Challenges of Reforming the International Monetary System in the Post COVID-19 World
Authors: Cristina Mărginean Silvia , Ramona Orăştean 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe paper analyzes if the international monetary system calls for reform and whether China and the renminbi will play a decisive role in the post COVID-19 world. It also evaluates the main scenarios and trends that is being discussed since the global crisis – selecting the relevant authors, journals, institutions and opinions – examines present conditions and tries to extrapolate into future trends. Opting for a nontechnical approach, the article could be a good insight into the international monetary system, for academics, non-experts and policy makers. The paper concludes that if the 2008 crisis has induced the growth of the China role in the international monetary governance and the increase of the renminbi internationalization, the COVID-19 pandemic and post crisis reconstruction could generate a deeper reform of the international monetary system, in which the Chinese currency will strengthen its global position alongside the US dollar and the euro.
The Triple Layered Business Model Canvas Meets the Beekeeping Sector. General and Particular Considerations from the Romanian Industry
Authors: Diana Panţa Nancy 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Today, sustainability has been clearly recognized as a necessity at global level by many, and the role of the business environment as a contributor in ensuring sustainability has become more and more acknowledged lately. Several efforts undertaken in this direction were focused on obtaining higher life quality levels and long-term benefits through businesses’ actions. Exploring and understanding agri-businesses from a managerial perspective becomes necessary due to sector’s particularities, but also to the fact that they are generally small enterprises, deeply embedded into their local communities. Beekeeping, as an agricultural branch, has indispensable contributions at societal and environmental level through a number of activities related to food and medicinal product supply and pollination. Sector’s dynamic, however, demonstrates that businesses are facing a series of challenges, and therefore, they need to showcase a proactive managerial approach in order to respond to risks and opportunities given by sustainability. Consequently, this paper looks to obtain a better understanding of sustainability management in the beekeeping sector by applying the triple layered business model canvas and featuring a series of facts from the Romanian industry.
COVID-19 Crisis - A Test for European Union’s Solidarity
Authors: Elena Popa Cristina 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The crises the European Union has gone through over time have called into question the Union’s legitimacy and efficiency. The 2008-2009 financial crisis, the European debt crisis, the migration crisis and Brexit, have all tested the solidarity between member states. The COVID-19 pandemic is without a doubt the most drastic crisis in the EU’s history, with very severe socioeconomic consequences. The EU leaders were strongly criticized for not reacting quickly and efficiently enough to mitigate the impact of the virus, reduce suffering, and ward off the economic crisis. In this context, the questions that arise are: Is the Union a modern-day Titanic? Will it sink or it will sustain its legitimacy and come out stronger and more united from this unprecedented challenge?
The Impact of Climate Change on Income Inequality. Evidence from European Union Countries
Authors: Ada-Cristina Albu , Lucian-Liviu Albu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We will investigate in this paper the relation between income inequality and climate change, taking into account that the increase of carbon emissions has among consequences the increase of inequalities. The most vulnerable to climate change are the poorest and less developed countries. Climate change represents an important challenge for EU policymakers and the transition to zerocarbon emissions will lead to greater social inclusion and convergence among EU countries. We use in this paper two-stage OLS in order to analyse the relationship between income inequality and carbon emissions in case of EU countries.. We apply our model to two groups of European Union countries, the old member states - EU15 and new member states - EU13. Our results confirm that there are important differences between the two groups regarding the relationship between climate change and income inequalities. Therefore, policies implemented at EU level are extremely important in order to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on growing inequality and poverty in EU countries. Governments must invest in new technologies, industries and innovation in order to address the complex challenge posed by mitigating climate change.
Ergonomics of Human Choice
Authors: Camelia Ghiurca 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
More than 100 years ago, Herbert A. Simon wrote the book “The sciences of the artificial” (1916) where he presented Economics as an artificial science. Even though back then the mainstream economics promoted the idea of <homo economicus>, Simon’s perspective of man was as one of an artificial system, characterized by a bounded rationality whose behavior depends on his inner and outer environment. Later, in the 70’s Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky investigated more on the limitation of human rationality and built, based on empirical studies, the maps of bounded rationality. Later, Richard H. Thaler introduced the concept of nudge, as a way to improve people’s choices by using the knowledge about their limited rationality and using it to direct their behavior in the direction in which they would have behaved if they were rational.
This articles treats human behavior through the lens of ergonomics, a scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance. We adopt the perspective of the man as an interface between his inner and outer environment and describe how behavioral economics developed a different perspective about human choice in contrast with the one promoted by standard economics.
Financial Literacy in Romania: A Test of Economics and Business Students
Authors: Alexandra Horobeţ , Georgiana Vrînceanu , Gheorghe Hurduzeu , Radu Lupu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Romania is in a rather dishonorable position from the financial literacy perspective in the European Union, ranking last among countries. To increase the level of financial education of the Romanian population, public and private institutions, organizations, and companies have recently taken the initiative in this field, mostly after 2015. Our contribution builds on these recent developments and aims at testing the level of basic financial literacy of Romanian university students, enrolled in business and economics studies, using the OECD Financial literacy test. Data was collected through an online survey on a voluntary basis, and the responses were analyzed using statistical indicators. Results indicate a rather high level of financial literacy among students, but also significant differences among respondents that may be explained by several demographic characteristics and specific attributes. The most important characteristics that influence the degree of financial literacy of students are age, students’ cycle of studies, the way the students live, property ownership and students’ involvement in financial market transactions and contracts. We stress towards the need to act through concrete measures to improve young people financial literacy, as a necessary condition to navigate in an increasingly complex environment, where finance plays an essential role.
Gender Matters for the Entrepreneurial Activity: Case of European States
Authors: Ganna Kharlamova , Andriy Stavytskyy , Mariia Naumova 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The gender inequality is the hot topic for most countries in the world. However, sometimes the talks about the risks and threats are more dramatic than the reality is. The paper aims to test the gender gap in the selected states and to consider the hypothesis that gender matters in entrepreneurial activity. The methodology of the regression and statistical analyses is proposed to access the main hypothesis and to trace the dynamics of the gender indexes and ranks. The preliminary results show that gender affects the level of entrepreneurial activity; besides government support programs and socio-cultural factors have a significant impact as well. The valid results for all states represented positive correlation and dependence between Entrepreneurial Motivation for TEA and Female/Male ratio for all analysed states. We can conclude that the change in the ratio of women and men engaged in entrepreneurial activity in the state (i.e. Poland) will affect the level of business innovation. For example, when the gender structure of entrepreneurs in Poland changes towards the number of women compared to men, the level of innovation of products and services will increase, or vice versa.