bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methodology to obtain highly resolved SO2 vertical profiles for representation of volcanic emissions in climate models
Authors: Sandvik Oscar S. , Friberg Johan , Sporre Moa K. , Martinsson Bengt G. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. In this study we describe a methodology to create high-vertical-resolution SO2 profiles from volcanic emissions. We
demonstrate the method's performance for the volcanic clouds following the
eruption of Sarychev in June 2009. The resulting profiles are based on a
combination of satellite SO2 and aerosol retrievals together with
trajectory modelling. We use satellite-based measurements, namely lidar
backscattering profiles from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal
Polarization (CALIOP) satellite instrument, to create vertical profiles for
SO2 swaths from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) aboard the Aqua
satellite. Vertical profiles are created by transporting the air containing
volcanic aerosol seen in CALIOP observations using the
FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model (FLEXPART) while preserving the high vertical resolution using the
potential temperatures from the MERRA-2 (Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Application) meteorological data for the original
CALIOP swaths. For the Sarychev eruption, air tracers from 75 CALIOP swaths
within 9 d after the eruption are transported forwards and backwards and
then combined at a point in time when AIRS swaths cover the complete
volcanic SO2 cloud. Our method creates vertical distributions for
column density observations of SO2 for individual AIRS swaths, using
height information from multiple CALIOP swaths. The resulting dataset gives
insight into the height distribution in the different sub-clouds of SO2
within the stratosphere. We have compiled a gridded high-vertical-resolution
SO2 inventory that can be used in Earth system models, with a vertical
resolution of 1 K in potential temperature, 61 ± 56 m, or 1.8 ± 2.9 mbar.
Integrated water resources management approach in mitigating the potential impacts of climate change on hydrology in Gurara reservoir catchment, Northwest Nigeria
Authors: Oseke Ifie-emi Francis , Anornu Geophery Kwame , Adjei Kwaku Amaning , Eduvie Martin Obada 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The strategies and actions in the management of African River
Basins in a warming climate environment have been studied. Using the Gurara
Reservoir Catchment in North-West Nigeria as a case study, summations were
proposed using hypothetical climate scenarios considering the Global Climate
Models prediction and linear trend of the data. Four (4) proposed scenarios
of temperature increase (1 % and 2 %) coupled with a decrease in
precipitation of (−5 % and −10 %) were combined and applied for the
study area. The Water Evaluation and Planning Tool was used to model and
evaluates the impact of the earth's rising temperature and declining
rainfall on the hydrology and availability of water by investigating its
resilience to climate change. Modelling results indicate a reduction in
available water within the study area from 4.3 % to 3.5 % compared to
the baseline with no climate change scenario, revealing the current water
management strategy as not sustainable, uncoordinated, and resulting in
overexploitation. The findings could assist in managing future water
resources in the catchment by accentuating the need to put in place
appropriate adaptation measures to foster resilience to climate change.
Practically, it is pertinent to shape more effective policies and
regulations within catchments for effective water resources management in
reducing water shortage as well as achieving downstream water needs and
power benefit in thefuture, while also allowing flexibility in the operation
of a reservoir with the ultimate goal of adapting to climate change.
Variabilité saisonnière et intra-saisonnière de la pluviométrie en milieu forestier dans le Sud-ouest centrafricain
Authors: Djebata Jean-Marie , Nguimalet Cyriaque R. , Camberlin Pierre 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Ce travail présente la variabilité
intra-saisonnière de la pluviométrie dans le Sud-ouest
centrafricain. Les données pluviométriques journalières
utilisées couvrent la période 1981–2017. Elles ont été
extraites aux points de grilles les plus proches des quatre stations
représentatives de la zone d'étude (Bangui, Berberati, Boukoko et
Nola) sur la base de données CHIRPS (Climate Hazards Group InfraRed
Precipitation with Station data). Un contrôle de qualité de ces
données a été effectué à partir d'une inter-comparaison
entre les produits d'estimations et les données in-situ sur
différentes sous-périodes : 1998–2011 à Nola, 1998–2012 à
Berberati, 1998–2014 à Bangui et 2002–2017 à Boukoko. Le coefficient
de corrélation entre les données CHIRPS et les observations au pas
annuel est faible à Bangui (r=0,46), moyen à Nola (r=0,57)
et Berberati (r=0,60), et bon à Boukoko (r=0,73). Les dates de
début de la saison de pluies varient entre le 13 février et le 2 avril et celles de fin entre le 31 octobre et le 4 décembre. Des
épisodes secs et humides sont mis en évidence dans le Sud-ouest
centrafricain. A Bangui et Berberati, la période du 15 au 22 mai 1999 a
été sèche soit 23 jours sans pluie. A Boukoko et Nola, la
période du 26 juin au 24 juillet de la même année était
caractérisée par des épisodes secs. Ces résultats
établissent que la répartition intra-saisonnière des pluies
n'est pas uniforme dans le Sud-ouest centrafricain.
Seasonal effects in the long-term correction of short-term wind measurements using reanalysis data
Authors: Basse Alexander , Callies Doron , Grötzner Anselm , Pauscher Lukas 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Measure–correlate–predict (MCP) approaches are often used to correct wind measurements to the long-term wind conditions on-site. This paper investigates systematic errors in MCP-based long-term corrections which occur if the measurement on-site covers only a few months (seasonal biases). In this context, two common linear MCP methods are tested and compared with regard to accuracy in mean, variance, and turbine energy production – namely, variance ratio (VR) and linear regression with residuals (LR). Wind measurement data from 18 sites with different terrain complexity in Germany are used (measurement heights between 100 and 140 m). Six different reanalysis data sets serve as the reference (long-term) wind data in the MCP calculations. All these reanalysis data sets showed an overpronounced annual course of wind speed (i.e., wind speeds too high in winter and too low in summer). However, despite the mathematical similarity of the two MCP methods, these errors in the data resulted in very different seasonal biases when either the VR or LR methods were used for the MCP calculations. In general, the VR method produced overestimations of the mean wind speed when measuring in summer and underestimations in the case of winter measurements. The LR method, in contrast, predominantly led to opposite results. An analysis of the bias in variance did not show such a clear seasonal variation. Overall, the variance error plays only a minor role for the accuracy in energy compared to the error in mean wind speed. Besides the experimental analysis, a theoretical framework is presented which explains these phenomena. This framework enables us to trace the seasonal biases to the mechanics of the methods and the properties of the reanalysis data sets. In summary, three aspects are identified as the main influential factors for the seasonal biases in mean wind speed: (1) the (dis-)similarity of the real wind conditions on-site in correlation and correction period (representativeness of the measurement period), (2) the capability of the reference data to reproduce the seasonal course of wind speed, and (3) the regression parameter β1 (slope) of the linear MCP method. This theoretical framework can also be considered valid for different measurement durations, other reference data sets, and other regions of the world.
ALMAN ÖĞRETİSİNDE İLERİ SÜRÜLEN GÖRÜŞLER IŞIĞINDA TÜRK HUKUKUNDA YAĞMA SUÇUNUN İHMALÎ HAREKETLERLE İŞLENİP İŞLENEMEYECEĞİ MESELESİ
Authors: KOÇ Ziya 
Published: November 2021

Yağma suçu, TCK’nın 148. maddesinde düzenlenmiştir. Yağma, doktrinde kabul edildiği üzere, icrai hareketle işlenebilen bir suç tipidir. Suçun kanuni tanımında yer alan tehdit etmek veya cebir kullanmak şeklindeki zorlama hareketleri aktif bir hareketin varlığını gerektirmektedir. Alman hukukunda yağmanın ihmali hareketle işlenmesi kimi yazarlara göre mümkündür. Hukukumuz bakımından, doktrinde ve uygulamada buna verilen cevap olumsuzdur.
İhmali suçlar, gerçek ve gerçek olmayan ihmali suçlar şeklinde ikiye ayrılmaktadır. Gerçek olmayan ihmali suçlar, esasen, icrai hareketle işlenebilen suçlardır. Bir suçun, ihmali hareketle işlenebilmesi için kanunda buna ilişkin özel bir düzenlemenin bulunması gerekir. Alman hukukundan farklı olarak, hukukumuzda bu yönde bir genel hükme yer verilmemiştir. Dolayısıyla, kanunilik ilkesi gereğince, gerçek olmayan ihmali suç sebebiyle cezalandırma için bunu düzenleyen bir özel norm bulunmalıdır. Keza yağma, bir sırf hareket suçu olması nedeniyle, ancak icrai hareketle işlenebilir. Fakat bu suça, genel hükümler uyarınca ihmali hareketle katılmak mümkündür.
Векторы сбережения человеческого капитала в системе современных правовых преобразований
Authors: Бутько Людмила Васильевна , Лепешкина Ольга Владимировна 
Published: November 2021

Рассмотрены проблемы правового регулирования одного из ключевых векторов сбережения человеческого капитала – сферы мировоззрения, идеологии, нравственности через призму соотношения сознания, правосознания и права. Автором проведен анализ правовых, исторических, философских и иных источников в контексте конституционных изменений 2020 года с целью обоснования приоритетности исследуемой сферы как идеологического вектора сбережения человеческого капитала с использованием комплекса общенаучных, междисциплинарных и частно-научных методов. В процессе анализа рассмотрена последовательность суждений об актуализации вопросов сбережения человеческого капитала в современном мире, дано обоснование приоритетности сферы правового регулирования для успешного сбережения человеческого капитала, определена роль сознания и правосознания в формировании идеологических основ жизни человеческого сообщества. В результате исследования сделаны выводы о противоречиях правосознания и права, предложены варианты их разрешения; представлены роль и значение многоаспектности правосознания в механизмах сбережения человеческого капитала; с философских позиций обоснована целесообразность дефинитивного и методологического обновления концептуальных положений учения о правовом регулировании общественных отношений в сфере сбережения человеческого капитала.
heterogeneidad de la mirada. Un acercamiento a la imagen fotográfica compleja como dispositivo visual anticolonial
Authors: Galindo Aguilar Isabel 
Published: November 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es explicar la heterogeneidad de la mirada y los alcances simbólicos y materiales de la representación, para lo cual se analizan “textos” fotográficos que fueron captados, intervenidos y documentados desde una “mirada anticolonial”. Dicha reflexión se realiza a partir de un ejercicio de contraste multilocal-multisituado entre la mirada de tres fotógrafos: Graciela Iturbide de México, Sebastião Salgado de Brasil y Martín Chambi de Perú, quienes tienen diferentes condiciones de raza-clase-género. Además, se explica cómo la mirada colonial del cientificismo racial fue subvertida en el proyecto de intervención fotográfica dirigido por Sebastián Hacher: “Inakayal vuelve: bordar el genocidio Mapuche” (en 2018). Finalmente, se revelan los alcances materiales de la narrativa racista que criminaliza la protesta para justificar el poder disciplinario, tomando como referente la cobertura fotográfica del Paro Nacional de Ecuador de octubre
del 2019 realizada por El Colectivo Fluxus y Gualinga.
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Siswa pada Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Materi Menulis Teks Resensi dengan Menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think Pair Share (TPS) di Kelas XI MIPA 1 SMAN 2 Bolo Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021
Authors: Agustina Agustina 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan penerapan dan dampak model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share (TPS) pada prestasi belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia materi menulis teks resensi di kelas XI MIPA di SMAN 2 Bolo Semester II Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Penelitian melibatkan 32 siswa, yang terdiri dari 15 orang laki-laki dan 17 orang perempuan. Hasil penelitian pra-siklus yang telah dilakukan peneliti, prestasi belajar siswa rendah, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan rendahnya rata-rata nilai formatif tes siswa yakni rata-rata 70.00 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 72.00%. Dengan kriteria keberhasilan yang ditentukan yakni rata-rata ≥73.00 dengan ketuntasan klasikal ≥85.00%, maka penelitian dilakukan dalam 2 siklus. Prestasi belajar siswa siklus I rata-rata 72.70 nilai rata-rata ini mengalami peningkatan sebelum diadakan perbaikan (+2.70) dengan persentase ketuntasan 77.00%, nilai persentase ini mengalami peningkatan dibanding sebelum diadakan perbaikan (+5.00). Prestasi belajar siswa siklus II rata-rata 76.76 dimana nilai rata-rata ini mengalami peningkatan sebelum diadakan perbaikan (+4.06) dengan persentase ketuntasan 88.80%, dan nilai persentase ini mengalami peningkatan dibanding sebelum diadakan perbaikan (+11.80). Peningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa, disebabkan oleh peningkatan aktivitas, interaksi guru dan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Think Pair Share (TPS) yang dilaksanakan sejalan dengan nilai kinerja guru. Dengan demikian, kriteria keberhasilan telah dicapai dengan sukses pada siklus II.
Role Evropského Stabilizačního Mechanismu v bankovní unii
Authors: Nevečeřalová Nikol 
Published: November 2021

This paper deals in detail with the issue of new role of the European Stabilization Mechanism and the relationship with the banking union, resp. to the Single Resolution Fund. Within the paper, the main attention is to focus on the ESM in relations to the Banking Union. The aim of the paper is in particular to analyse the named “funds”, whose primary objective is to ensure the stability of the Union.
Polská měnová reforma z roku 1950
Authors: Pracný Martin 
Published: November 2021

This paper deals with the economic institute of monetary reform, specifically the Polish monetary reform of 1950. At the beginning of the work, the causes that led the Polish government to the need for reform are discussed. The following sections deal with the preparation and conduct of the money exchange, as well as the legislative basis of the exchange conditions. Last but not least, the consequences of the reform are mentioned. At the end of the work there is a comparison of the Polish reform with the contemporary Czechoslovak monetary reform, which took place in 1953.
Tra «infiammate stille» e «lacci cari»: la Cecilia di Margherita Costa (1644)
Authors: Stella Clara 
Published: November 2021

Il Cecilia Martire è stampato nel 1644 e dedicato al cardinale Francesco Barberini. Costa, in cerca di un nuovo protettore, si cimenta per la prima volta in un poema sacro. Il saggio si sofferma sui momenti più virtuosistici di Costa e sulla linea erotica che caratterizza il percorso, quasi mistico, di Cecilia.
Dall’esile passio di Cecilia, Costa crea un poema diviso in quattro canti che segue le fasi del martirio della giovane, selezionando i quadri più drammatici in una grande ecfrasi letteraria che si relaziona anche ai lavori di ristrutturazione della basilica di Santa Cecilia in Trastevere, sorta sulla presunta domus della martire. I quadri vivono del crescere dell’eroicità di Cecilia, intensificata dall’ambiente infernale che si crea intorno alla giovane e che l’autrice modella sapientemente sull’Inferno dantesco, su Tasso e Marino, ma anche su opere coeve di impianto scientifico, come gli scritti sull’eruzione dopo il disastro del Vesuvio nel 1631. Infine, il personaggio della Sofronia tassiana è certamente un punto di riferimento per Costa nella costruzione di Cecilia e del suo rapporto con Valeriano, il cui erotismo sconfina nel profano nelle ottave espunte dalla stampa ma ancora leggibili nel ms. Vat. Barb. Lat. 4069 e di cui il saggio offre una lettura mirata.
Le territoire ou l’espace du politique
Authors: Messu Michel 
Published: November 2021

Le territoire n’est pas une donnée de nature. Il n’y a de territoire que parce que s’y déroulent des activités humaines. Celles-ci en appellent ipso facto à une forme d’autorité politique qui les régit et circonscrit le territoire. Ses frontières, l’énonciation des règles qui s’y appliquent, l’élaboration d’un commun imaginaire, symbolique ou réel, fabriquent le territoire plus que ne le font les caractéristiques « naturelles ». On en dégagera deux options d’analyse : la neutralité du territoire physique, l’activité humaine comme vecteur de l’inégalité. Celles-ci sont développées sous trois angles : le territoire comme construction politique continuée, les territoires locaux comme question politique spécifique et les inégalités territoriales, environnementales et sociales.
Analyse des mobilisations autour des sentiers de Balagne (Corse), l’innovation territoriale par les pratiques de loisirs de nature en question
Authors: Melin Hélène 
Published: November 2021

Cet article se base sur l’analyse d’une recherche ethnologique menée entre 2014 et 2018 en Balagne, sur le littoral nord-ouest de la Corse. Après avoir analysé les mobilisations habitantes et les politiques publiques locales portant sur les sentiers de proximité, nous nous demanderons si les chemins ruraux peuvent constituer un « bien commun » mobilisateur pour enclencher une dynamique territoriale vertueuse, à la fois respectueuse de l’environnement et des habitants. La dynamique collective observée peut-elle être analysée comme un processus d’innovation territoriale visant un développement « juste » et intégré d’un espace écologiquement fragile et soumis à une pression anthropique forte ?
Les politiques sociales à l’épreuve du territoire
Authors: Vrancken Didier 
Published: November 2021

Cet article propose une analyse des politiques sociales en Europe continentale en regard de la question des territoires. Si cette question fait à l’origine figure d’impensé en matière de politiques sociales, dès les années 1980, la crise de l’emploi et la montée d’un chômage structurel ont contribué à la remise en cause d’un modèle social. De nouvelles politiques plus actives et incitatives ont vu le jour, misant sur le « tout à l’emploi » et à l’insertion sociale, sur la décentralisation des interventions au sein de « zones » ou de territoires locaux. Une nouvelle gouvernance davantage incitative s’est mise en place. Toutefois, cette évolution n’a pas conduit à une véritable territorialisation des politiques sociales et n’a pas offert de renouvellement de ces dernières.
Pinocchio, metafora della politica italiana
Authors: Pivato Stefano 
Published: November 2021

“Telling fables” has never ceased to exert a fascination on the world of Italian politics. On the pages of Il manifesto, Luigi Pintor repeatedly nicknamed Massimo D’Alema “Maximum Fox”. Others have identified Giorgio Napolitano with Mastro Cherry (Mastro Ciliegia) and Renzi with Pinocchio himself. These parallels have their origin in the early decades of the twentieth century, when children’s literature and young adult fiction were assigned a primary role in the project of enrolling young people in the ranks of the nation. Since then, “telling fables” has become a synonym for “telling lies” – and in this context, Pinocchio’s name is generally used as a substitute for “liar”. The cat and the fox have found their real-life counterparts in various well-known pairs of Italian politicians, starting with Nenni and Togliatti. In more recent times, Andreotti was often identified as the foxiest of foxes, and was paired, in different periods, with the various cats he encountered in the course of his long political career.
Gutter oil detection for food safety based on multi-feature machine learning and implementation on FPGA with approximate multipliers
Authors: Jiang Wei , Ma Yuhanxiao , Chen Ruiqi 
Published: November 2021

Since consuming gutter oil does great harm to people’s health, the Food Safety Administration has always been seeking for a more effective and timely supervision. As laboratory tests consume much time, and existing field tests have excessive limitations, a more comprehensive method is in great need. This is the first time a study proposes machine learning algorithms for real-time gutter oil detection under multiple feature dimensions. Moreover, it is deployed on FPGA to be low-power and portable for actual use. Firstly, a variety of oil samples are generated by simulating the real detection environment. Next, based on previous studies, sensors are used to collect significant features that help distinguish gutter oil. Then, the acquired features are filtered and compared using a variety of classifiers. The best classification result is obtained by k-NN with an accuracy of 97.18%, and the algorithm is deployed to FPGA with no significant loss of accuracy. Power consumption is further reduced with the approximate multiplier we designed. Finally, the experimental results show that compared with all other platforms, the whole FPGA-based classification process consumes 4.77 µs and the power consumption is 65.62 mW. The dataset, source code and the 3D modeling file are all open-sourced.
Circ_0030235 knockdown protects H9c2 cells against OGD/R-induced injury via regulation of miR-526b
Authors: Zhang Yuquan , Liu Shuzhu , Ding Limin , Wang Dawei , Li Qiangqiang , Li Dongdong 
Published: November 2021

Backgrounds
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is the common clinical manifestation of coronary heart disease. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) act key roles in cardiomyocytes growth and angiogenesis. However, their functions in MI are not entirely clear. This research intended to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of circ_0030235 in H9c2 cells.

Methods
H9c2 cells were conducted to oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) inducement to establish the MI model. Circ_0030235 and miR-526b expression was tested and altered by qRT-PCR and transfection. Cell viability, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) injury were tested by CCK-8 assay, TUNEL assay kit, and ROS Detection Assay Kit, respectively. Assessment of cell injury-related factors was performed by employing ELISA, Mitochondrial Viability Staining and the JC-1-Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit. The relationship between circ_0030235 and miR-526b was analyzed by dual luciferase reporter assay. The expression of key proteins was analyzed by western blot.

Results
Circ_0030235 was highly expressed in OGD/R-induced H9c2 cells. OGD/R inducement cell viability, while accelerated apoptosis. Besides, the level ROS, cell injury-related factors, mitochondrial membrane potential were notably elevated by OGD/R inducement, while mitochondrial viability was remarkably declined. Whereas, these impacts were all noticeably remitted by circ_0030235 knockdown. miR-526b was a target of circ_0030235. Circ_0030235 knockdown-induced impacts were all notably abrogated by miR-526b inhibition, including the activating impacts on PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK pathways.

Conclusions
This research implied that circ_0030235 knockdown might remit OGD/R-induced impacts via activation of PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK pathways and regulation of miR-526b.