bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE COURSE AND TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS OF PULMONARY TB IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS COMORBIDITY AND DIFFERENT SPECTRA OF DRUG RESISTANCE
Authors:   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Polushkina E.G. , Komissarova O.G. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, Abdullaev R.Yu. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
Published: January 2025

Aim. A comparative analysis of clinical, radiological, and laboratory features and treatment effectiveness in patients with
pulmonary TB and diabetes mellitus (DM) comorbidity depending on the spectrum of M. tuberculosis drug resistance.
Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective-prospective cohort study of data from 157 patients who received
treatment at the Central TB Research Institute in 2019–2023. The patients were selected based on inclusion/non-inclusion
criteria. They were divided into three groups considering drug resistance spectra: group 1 consisted of 39 drug sensitive
patients, group 2 consisted of 63 patients with multidrug resistance (MDR), and group 3 consisted of 55 patients with pre extensive drug resistance (pre-XDR). Results. In group 3 patients younger than 40 years prevailed, while in group 1 patients
older than 40 years prevailed. Newly diagnosed TB was more frequent in group 1, though one third of these patients
were retreatment cases. TB relapses and previously treated cases were more common among MDR and pre-XDR patients.
Infiltrative TB prevailed among patients with drug sensitive TB and DM, fibrocavernous TB prevailed among patients with
pre-XDR TB and DM, tuberculomas occurred in 1/5 patients of all groups. Lung cavities occurred in most patients of all
groups; however, they were more frequent and larger in patients with pre-XDR TB and DM. Sputum positivity was detected
in more than half of patients of all groups, but more often – in group 3. Extension of drug resistance affected treatment
effectiveness: in patients with pre-XDR TB and DM treatment effectiveness was significantly lower compared to patients with
drug sensitive TB and DM. Conclusion. The extending spectrum of drug resistance in patients with TB and DM comorbidity
results in more severe symptoms of pulmonary TB and lower treatment effectiveness.
Microstructural Analysis and Optimization of Asbestos Free Brake Pad
Authors: VIJAYASANKAR Vinayak Arun Sankar , PARAMASIVAM Suresh 
Published: January 2025

A friction lining material that is free of asbestos has been developed using sea shell powder (with a diameter of 125 μm), phenolic resin as the binder, and alumina metal filings and graphite as fillers. Prior to pulverization, the sea shells were oven-cured at 100 °C for five hours to eliminate excess moisture. The resulting pulverized sea shell, along with phenolic resin, alumina metal filings, and graphite, was used to create samples, which were evaluated according to the ASTM D 4703-03 standard. The newly developed asbestos-free brake pads incorporating sea shell powder (SS) and four other components underwent physical, chemical, and Thermal Gravimetric-Differential Thermal Analysis (TG-DTA) assessments, comparing them with commercial brake pad materials. Morphological examinations of worn surfaces indicated various forms of wear, including abrasion, adhesion, grooving, and delamination. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images showed that the worn surfaces of the composite with 35 wt.% SS powders exhibited a smoother finish with fewer cracks, suggesting reduced wear. Taguchi's analytical approach (L16 orthogonal array) was employed to assess the coefficient of friction and wear rate under different tribological parameters. Additionally, a statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to identify significant compositions for optimal brake lining performance. The ANOVA tables revealed that the regression models were valid as the P-values were less than 0.05 for a confidence level of 95 %.
Nonaqueous Gel Casting of AlN Ceramics using Epoxy
Authors: HE Yixuan , WANG Xiaohong , LU Wenzhong 
Published: January 2025

The AlN ceramics manufactured by a nonaqueous gel casting process were studied. It was shown that trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether (TMPGE) and tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) were suitable for the gel casting process through a nucleophilic addition reaction. This system cured at room temperature and avoided oxygen inhibition. The rheological behaviors of the slurries and bending strength of green bodies obtained under different conditions were investigated. Suspensions with a high-solid loading of 59 vol.% and low viscosity (678 mPa·s) were obtained with 1 wt.% dispersant, 20 wt.% TMPGE, and TEPA: TMPGE=1:5. The results showed that the bending strength of the green body is not only associated with the content of TMPGE, TEPA, and solid loading, but also the drying process. The bending strength greatly improved and reached 34.9 MPa after drying at 130 °C, which was strong enough for subsequent processing. With the increase of solid loading, sintered AlN ceramics exhibited higher relative density and thermal conductivity, reaching 99.6% and 152 W/(m·K) at 59 vol.%, while the optimized bending strength of 274 MPa was obtained at 55 vol.%. Meanwhile, complex-shaped ceramics without cracks were prepared.
The Effect of Window Size on Pathologists’ Search for Rare Elements in a Digital Pathology Setting
Authors: Lopes Alana , Rasmussen Sean , Djordjevic Bojana , Gomez Jose A. , Mora Maria Florencia , Sharma Anurag , Walsh Joanna C. , Wehrli Bret , Ward Aaron D. , Cecchini Matthew J. 
Published: January 2025

Context.—
Digital pathology requires pathologists to assess tissue digitally rather than on an analog microscope, which has been the mainstay tool for tissue assessment for more than a century. The impact of different digital interaction configurations on pathologists’ performance is not well understood. This work focuses on the impact of the display window size for diagnostic assessment.

Objective.—
To determine the effect of digital image viewer window size on pathologists’ diagnostic performance when searching for tumors in lymph nodes while under a time limit.

Design.—
Six pathologists assessed 8 breast lymph node whole slide images using 4 digital image viewer window sizes (8, 14, 24, and 32 inches) for tumors in lymph nodes while under a time limit. Eye-gaze data were collected. Pathologists were subsequently asked to rate their preference of window sizes.

Results.—
The fraction of window not covered with foveated vision was significantly associated with window size ranging from 43% for 32 inches to 5% for 8 inches (P &lt; .001). There was no statistically significant relationship between the number of false negatives or assessment time and window size (P = .21 and P = .28, respectively). The distance traversed per panning instance ranged from 301 pixels for 32-inch to 193 pixels for 8-inch windows (P = .002). All pathologists preferred the largest window size as it provided more context for diagnostic assessment.

Conclusions.—
Window size does not significantly affect pathologists’ diagnostic performance when searching for tumors in lymph nodes. However, pathologists adapted their slide navigation approach to accommodate the amount of context the window size permitted.
The effectiveness of Canada’s Employment Equity Act since 2009
Authors: Brooks Alec 
Published: January 2025

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of Canada’s Employment Equity Act (EEA) from 2009 to 2021, building on earlier research by Ng et al. (2014), which analyzed the Act’s impact from 1987 to 2009. The EEA aims to improve the representation of historically disadvantaged groups — women, Indigenous peoples, visible minorities, and people with disabilities — in federally regulated workplaces. Through a comparative analysis of employment data, this study highlights both successes and shortcomings of the EEA over the past decade. Findings suggest that while the EEA has been effective in increasing the repre­sentation of visible minorities in both management and overall workforce positions, significant challenges remain. Women, though making strides in senior and middle management roles, have expe­rienced declining representation in the broader federally regulated workforce. Indigenous peoples and people with disabilities continue to face persistent underrepresentation, both in management positions and across the general workforce, despite legislative efforts. While the EEA has contributed positively to the representation of visible minorities and women in leadership roles, it has largely failed to achieve proportional representation for all designated groups, particularly Indigenous peoples and people with disabilities, highlighting the need for stronger and more targeted policy interventions.

Keywords: employment equity, representation, workforce
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR AGAMA HINDU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN STAD KELAS IV SD/AWP SUAR DWIPA GIRI MEKAR TAHUN AJARAN 2022/2023
Authors: Suwarya I Gusti Ngurah Made Gede , Widiana I Kadek , Numertayasa I Wayan , Kusuma I Komang Nada 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kelas IV SD/AWP Suar Dwipa Giri Mekar tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Tujuan dari penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar Agama Hindu siswa kelas IV SD/AWP Suar Dwipa Giri Mekar dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SD/AWP Suar Dwipa Giri Mekar yang berjumlah 35 orang siswa. Sedangkan objek penelitian ini adalah peningkatan hasil belajar Agama Hindu. Metode pengumpulan data data dalam penelitian ini adalah tes. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan teknik diskriptif kualitatif dengan criteria keberhasilan 82,8%. Hasil post tes siklus I menunjukan nilai rata-rata 64,2 dengan ketuntasan belajar 51,4%. Hasil siklus II dengan rata-rata 71,7 dengan ketuntasan belajar mencapai 82,8%. Temuan yang diperoleh dengan model pembelajaran STAD membuat siswa lebih aktif meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Dengan demikian, model pembelajaran STAD mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar Agama Hindu siswa kelas IV SD/AWP Suar Dwipa Giri Mekar, Kabupaten Karangasem, tahun ajaran 2022/2023.
PENERAPAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN TALKING STICK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPAS SISWA KELAS V SD/AWP SUAR DWIPA GIRI MEKAR TAHUN AJARAN 2022/2023
Authors: Kristiana Ni Made Piory , Mardiani Ni Luh , Numertayasa I Wayan , Kusuma I Komang Nada 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar IPAS siswa setelah diterapkannya metode pembelajaran Talking Stick siswa Kelas V SD/AWP Suar Dwipa Giri Mekar . Penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, dengan dua siklus yang berjumlah 11 orang pada setiap siklusnya terdapat empat komponen yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas V SD/AWP Suar Dwipa Giri Mekar tahun pelajaran 2022/2023. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah melalui tes dan observasi. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah untuk meganalisis deskriptif, kualitatif, dan kuantitatif dengan kreteria keberhasilan nilai siswa mencapai rerata minimum 80 dan ketuntasan klasikal minimum 85%. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pembelajaran Talking Stick dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPAS siswa kelas V SD/AWP Suar Dwipa Giri Mekar . Hal ini dapat dilihat skor rata – rata pada siklus I sebesar 64,27 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 64%. Sedangkan pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 80,18 dengan ketuntasan klasikal mencapai 91% dan sudah mencapai target yang ditetapkan peneliti. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah metode pembelajaran Talking Stick dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPAS siswa kelas V SD/AWP Suar Dwipa Giri Mekar Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023
Pengaruh Media Sosial Instagram Terhadap Perilaku Masyarakat
Authors: Nunung Nurhasanah  , Ageng Saepudin Kanda S  
Published: January 2025

The development of social media from time to time continues to be in the spotlight for domestic and foreign audiences, this is in line with the times which continue to accelerate due to the creation of new things, including social media. The development of social media continues to be important in human society for the development of change from before and becomes the public's own assumptions. Social media is currently controlled by teenagers who follow the latest trends regarding social media and one of the social media which is currently in the spotlight and is popular with many people, especially teenagers, is the social media Instagram which is being consumed by everyone, especially by teenagers. teenage students who keep up with the times and the development of Instagram which has entered all parts of the world, including Indonesia.Currently, Instagram users have reached 104.8 million+, with this value Indonesia is the fourth most used Instagram in the world. The large number of Instagram users is not only among women or teenagers, but based on gender, men dominate global Instagram users aged 18 years and over with a proportion of 50.3%, while women are 49.7%. As for Instagram became the social media application with the fourth most users in the world as of October 2023 according to We Are Social. Its position is below Facebook, YouTube and WhatsApp.Among the people, Instagram is no longer foreign, now more people use Instagram to get the latest and most up-to-date information. Not only that, people can also get entertainment from Instagram
Synthesis of 5-(arylaminomethyl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives and cytotoxicity evaluation against some human solid tumor cell lines
Authors: Petraitytė Gražina , Masevičius Viktoras 
Published: January 2025

5-(Arylaminomethyl)furo[2,3-d]pyrimidines were synthesized via the Mitsunobu reaction from 5-hydroxymethylfuro[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivative and N-sulphonylanilines as acidic components of the Mitsunobu reaction. Substituents on the phenyl moiety, the methylenamino bridge and the 2nd position of furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffold were marked as of particular interest, so synthesis protocols for modification of these positions were suggested. The selected compounds were evaluated in vitro against a panel of six human solid tumor cell lines: A2780 (ovarian), HBL-100 (breast), HeLa (cervix), SW (non-small cell lung), T47D (breast) and WiDr (colon).
Isolation and characterization of novel pyridine dicarboxylic acid-degrading microorganisms
Authors: Kutanovas Simonas , Karvelis Laimonas , Vaitekūnas Justas , Stankevičiūtė Jonita , Gasparavičiūtė Renata , Meškys Rolandas 
Published: January 2025

Five novel microorganisms capable of pyridine dicarboxylic acids degradation were isolated from a soil. Microorganisms utilizing pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid as a sole carbon source were identified as Rhodococcus sp. 23C1, Mycobacterium frederiksbergense 23ON and Cupriavidus campinensis 23K8. This is the first report describing the representatives of these genus capable of degrading this compound. A pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid dehydrogenase (quinolinate dehydrogenase) activity was detected in Rhodococcus sp. 23C1 and Mycobacterium frederiksbergense 23ON. The enzyme was partially purified from Rhodococcus sp. 23C1. Based on detection of nicotinic acid hydroxylase, 6-hydroxynicotinic acid hydroxylase and 2,5-dihydroxypyridine dioxygenase activities in the cell-free extract, a novel pathway of degradation of pyridine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid proceeding via formation of nicotinic acid was proposed for Cupriavidus campinensis 23K8. A bacterial isolate aerobically degrading pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid was identified as Achromobacter sp. JS18. A novel pathway of pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid degradation with 3-hydroxypicolinic acid as an intermediate was proposed for this bacteria. A pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid-degrading bacterial isolate 35KP identified as Xanthobacter sp. was characterized for the first time. A phenazine methosulphate-dependent pyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate dehydrogenase activity was detected in the cell-free extract of Xanthobacter sp. 35KP.
Relation between spectral and spatial properties of gold nanoclusters modified by the morpholine ligand
Authors: Šlėktaitė Akvilė , Kubiliūtė Reda , Sabonis Deividas , Rotomskis Ričardas 
Published: January 2025

Recently, gold nanoparticles have received the most attention due to the features and possible applications of their size dependent surface plasmon resonance, which disappears for nanoparticles less than 2 nm in size, that are called gold nanoclusters. Gold nanoclusters, composed of only several to tens of atoms, exhibit molecule-like electronic transitions and size-dependent photoluminescence. This effect offers many possible applications including biological and biochemical sensors and fluorescent bioimaging. Here we report the study of the spectral properties of gold nanoclusters synthesized using a 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid as a capping agent, and their relation to the spatial characteristics of these clusters. We investigated spectral changes of nanoclusters under varying pH value and sample preparation methods and observed the highest photoluminescence intensity at pH 6.3. According to theoretical models we estimated that these particles are composed of 8 atoms, which form a three-dimensional pyramidal structure (C2V). At pH 4.9–5.8 additional plasmonic gold nanoparticles were generated with the calculated size of about 20 nm.
La equivalencia formal en el lenguaje de las neuronas lógicas de McCulloch y Pitts
Authors: Stefanazzi Kondolf Rocío 
Published: January 2025

In this article we consider the significance of formal equivalence in the language proposed by Warren McCulloch and Walter Pitts in their original “A logical calculus of the ideas immanent in nervous activity”. We study the model from the contributions that it has meant in the history of science: as a computational theory of mind; and as a formalism that contributed to the development of automata theory and logical design. This question is framed into the mechanistic explanation account and the philosophy of scientific models, while also attending to how the model embedded a conception of a language as a logical calculus. We consider the relationship between the model and its target system, offering two possible interpretations: logical neurons are the model that represents the mind-brain or it is a new conceptual object that enables the development of artificial automata. We observe how the formal equivalence notion plays a fundamental role: as scientific explanation about mind’s theory, as an isomorphism criterion of mind’s model, and as identity criterion of logic neurons or formal neurons.
THE USED GUNNY SACKS AND LEFTOVER LEATHER PRODUCTION IN THE DESIGN OF BOOTS FOR WOMEN WITH TIE DYE AND SMOCK TECHNIQUES
Authors: Edya Arandita Efrita Ajeng 
Published: January 2025

This design is based on the gunny sacks (jute) that accumulate in Keden market, Kec. Pedan, Kab. Klaten, Central Java, there are conditions that are still worth using again. Gunny sacks are still feasible to use as the main material and the rest of the leather production as a supporting material in the product design boots in this design. Tie dye and smock techniques are applied to the burlap sack as an element of decoration. Women's boots are currently a trend, synonymous with masculine style.
The method applied in realizing the idea of designing these boots is the method of creating artwork by Gustami SP., namely in designing the work there are three steps that must be passed: the stage of exploration, design and visualization
This design produces boots for women types of chelsea boots and wedges boots using the main material used gunny sacks given smock motifs and a combination of leather remaining production. Naphtol staining accompanied the visualization of the smock on this gunny sack.

Keyword : jute sacks, boots for woman, tie dye, smock technique, chemical dyes naphtol.
Proceso de divorcio contencioso por causal de abandono injustificado [Contentious divorce proceedings on grounds of unjustified abandonment]
Authors: Obando-Mayanquer Jostin Javier , López-Pozo William Ariel , Benavides-Quespas Erick Marcelo , Hurtado-Lomas Carlos Ramiro 
Published: January 2025

El divorcio contencioso por causal de abandono injustificado es un proceso legal que busca la disolución del vínculo matrimonial cuando uno de los cónyuges incumple de manera injustificada con las obligaciones inherentes al matrimonio, dejando al otro en una situación de desamparo. Se describe como objetivo de investigación analizar el proceso de divorcio contencioso por causal de abandono injustificado en Ecuador. Se revisaron 16 articulos científicos. El proceso de divorcio contencioso por causal de abandono injustificado es un procedimiento complejo que involucra múltiples etapas, cada una con implicaciones legales, sociales y psicológicas que han sido analizadas desde diversas perspectivas por los autores. Si bien existe consenso en la importancia de garantizar un proceso justo y equitativo, los enfoques varían según el énfasis en aspectos como la mediación, la valoración de pruebas, o las consecuencias emocionales y sociales del divorcio.
Efektivitas Kompres Hangat Dan Terapi Musik Klasik Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Ibu Bersalin Kala I Fase Aktif Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kerang
Authors: Nurlinda Nurlinda , Palimbo Adriana , Hidayah Nur , Mahdiyah Dede 
Published: January 2025

Latar Belakang: Pada saat menghadapi persalinan Ibu yang merasakan nyeri sehingga merasa cemas. Kecemasan merupakan suatu faktor utama yang dapat mempengaruhi kelancaran persalinan. Metode non farmakologis untuk menurunkan kecemasan saat proses persalinan, antara lain dengan kompres hangat dan terapi musik klasik. Terapi musik adalah usaha untuk meningkatkan kualitas fisik dan mental dengan rangsangan suara yang terdiri dari melodi, ritme, harmoni, bentuk dan gaya yang diorganisir sedemikian rupa sehingga dapat mempertahankan kesehatan fisik dan mental. Pemberian kompres hangat pada ibu bersalin kala I dapat mengurangi secara simultan terhadap penurunan kecemasan selama persalinan. Tujuan: Mengetahui Efektivitas Kompres Hangat dan Terapi Musik Klasik terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Ibu Bersalin Kala I Fase Aktif di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kerang. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Februari menggunakan metode Quasy Eksperimental dengan desain Two Group Pretest- Posttest Design . Populasi penelitian ini yaitu seluruh wanita bersalin di bulan Februari 2024 dan dengan sampel sebanyak 15 orang kelompok eksperimen untuk terapi musk dan 15 orang untuk kelompok kontrol kompres hangat. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan Nonprobability Sampling dengan teknik Purposive Sampling. Uji analisis Independent T test. Hasil: Hasil uji analisis Independent T test didapatkan p value 0,04 (<0,05). Simpulan: Ada pengaruh kompres hangat dan terapi musik klasik terhadap tingkat kecemasan ibu bersalin Kala I Fase Aktif di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kerang sehingga diharapkan bidan mampu menerapkan metode terapi music dan kompres hangat sebagai salah satu terapi non farmakologis pengurangan kecemasan pada kala I fase aktif.