bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Juvenile Xanthogranuloma of the Corneoscleral Limbus
Authors: Kaufmann James G , Driebe William T , Hamed Latif M , Margo Curtis E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 10-year-old boy had a slowly enlarging left limbal mass, extending into the corneal stroma, but not into the anterior chamber. The lesion was excised by lamellar sclerokeratectomy and subsequently confirmed histopathologically as a juvenile xanthogranuloma. Though rare, juvenile xanthogranuloma of the corneoscleral limbus should be considered in the differential diagnosis of limbal mass lesions extending into the cornea. Total resection is usually curative.
5-FU-Supplemented Phacoemulsification, Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation, and Trabeculectomy
Authors: Hurvitz Lawrence M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
I reviewed the charts of 129 consecutive patients: 38 of whom underwent 5-fluorouracil (S-FU)-supplemented, combined phacoemulsification, posterior chamber lens implantation, and trabeculectomy (phaco/5-FU group); 55 of whom underwent the same combined procedure without 5-FU (phaco group); and 36 of whom underwent a similar combined procedure in which extracapsular cataract surgery was performed instead of phacoemulsifcation, again without 5-FU (ECCE group). I evaluated and compared the surgical results in these three groups at several points, up to and including 1 year postoperatively, in terms of intraocular pressure OOP), number of antiglaucoma medications being used, presence or absence of a visible filtering bleb, visual field, anterior chamber cell and flare, visual acuity, postoperative induced astigmatism, and incidence of cystoid macular edema.
At 3 months and beyond, there were more blebs in the phaco/5-FU group than in the phaco or ECCE groups. IOPs were generally lowest in the phaco/5-FU group, as were the number of antiglaucoma medications being used. There was no significant difference in the distribution of the amount of visual field loss among the three groups. Inflammation was generally least in the phaco/5-FU group, but there was no significant difference among the groups in terms of postoperative-induced astigmatism and visual acuity.
I conclude that 5-FU-supplemented phacoemulsification combined surgery is safe and probably produces better filtering results than those achieved without the adjunctive use of 5-FU.
Perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene (Vitreon) as a Short-Term Vitreous Substitute After Complex Vitreoretinal Surgery
Authors: Tanji Troy M , Peyman Gholam A , Mehta Nalin J , Millsap C Mark 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Forty-one eyes underwent surgery for complex vitreoretinal disease, with perfluoroperhydrophenanthrene (Vitreon) used as an intraoperative tool and postoperative vitreous substitute. Postoperative use of Vitreon ranged from 3 days to 9 weeks (mean, 3.3 weeks). All retinas were reattached intraoperatively; 73% remained attached after the initial surgery. The final macular attachment rate was 100% after additional surgery. Four eyes that received a combination of Vitreon and silicone oil for simultaneous superior and inferior tamponade were successfully reattached after the initial procedure. Visual acuity improved or remained stable in 80% of the eyes. No toxic effects directly attributable to Vitreon were observed. Mean follow up was 9 months.
Hydroxyapatite Implantation With Scleral Quadrisection After Evisceration
Authors: Yang Jong Gyoo , Khwarg Sang In , Wee Won Ryang , Kim Dong Myung , Lee Jin Hak 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In con trast to the literature on enucleation, reports of hydroxyapatite (HA) implantation during evisceration are limited; however, those that have been published mention the high HA exposure rate. The authors examined the scleral quadrisection procedure to evaluate its effect on cosmetic appearance and the prevention of HA exposure after evisceration.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: The authors analyzed the surgical outcomes of 17 patients who had undergone an HA implantation with scleral quadrisection after evisceration between November 1994 and November 1995.
* RESULTS: In each case, the authors were able to use HA implants of 18 mm or more. During followup (average 10.7 months), there were no cases of conjunctival erosion, HA exposure, implant migration, significant enophthalmos, or superior sulcus deformity. All of the patients, 7 of whom had a ball-and-socket prosthesis, were satisfied with their cosmetic appearance and prosthetic motility. More than 11 weeks after evisceration, all 10 studied patients had complete, round uptakes with orbital bone SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography).
* CONCLUSION: For good cosmetic appearance and for the prevention of implant exposure, scleral quadrisection is a safe and effective procedure for HA implantation after evisceration.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:915-919.]
Visual Results After Submacular Surgery for Neovascularization in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Roth Daniel B , Downie Alan A , Charles Steve T 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Submacular membranectomy has been proposed as a treatment option for subfoveal choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVMs). The authors reviewed the visual outcomes of patients who underwent surgical removal of subfoveal CNVMs caused by age-related macular degeneration (ARMD).
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty eight patients (38 eyes) were retrospectively reviewed.
Selection criteria included: (1) the presence of a welldemarcated subfoveal CNVM on fluorescein angiography; (2) best-corrected Snellen visual acuity reduced to the level of 20/200 or worse; and (3) no other eye disease that could compromise visual acuity. Pars plana vitrectomy, retinotomy, and membrane removal were performed to remove the subfoveal choroidal neovascular complex with minimal disruption of the surrounding tissues. A significant change was defined as a two-line difference from best-corrected preoperative visual acuity on the Snellen chart.
* RESULTS: At 3 months postoperatively, 7 (18.4%) of the 38 eyes had improved, 8 (21.1%) of the eyes had worsened, and 23 (60.5%) of the eyes had remained unchanged. The final visual acuity improved in 8 (21.1%) of the eyes, worsened in 11 (28.9%) of the eyes, and remained unchanged in 19 (50%) of the eyes. The average follow-up time was 632 days.
* CONCLUSIONS: The authors employed a minimally invasive approach to the removal of CNVMs in ARMD. Nevertheless, the resultant visual acuity was often unsatisfactory. Therefore, the authors recommend not operating on ARMD-associated subfoveal CNVMs with the current technology.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:920-925.]
Peribulbar Anesthesia: One Versus Two Injections
Authors: Demirok Ahmet , Simsek Saban , Çinal Adnan , Yasar Tekin 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The authors describe their prospective, randomized study of a single peribulbar injection into the junction of the lateral third and medial two thirds of the lower lid compared with the standard two-injection peribulbar technique.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty patients undergoing elective intraocular surgery were randomly allocated to receive either one or two injections of a mixture of balanced salt solution, 2% lidocaine, 0.5% bupivacaine, and hyaluronidase. Preoperative akinesia was assessed following the injections. At the end of surgery, the patients were asked if they had experienced any pain or discomfort during surgery.
* RESULTS: There was no significant difference in pain or globe akinesia between the two groups.
* CONCLUSION: The single peribulbar injection was found to be as effective as the standard twoinjection peribulbar technique.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 1997;28:998-1001.]
Fourier Analysis of Irregular Astigmatism after Trabeculectomy
Authors: Hayashi Ken , Hayashi Hideyuki , Oshika Tetsuro , Hayashi Fumihiko 
Published: April 2021

* OBJECTIVE: To examine irregular astigmatism following trabeculectomy using Fourier analysis of videokeratography data.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty eyes of 40 glaucoma patients, undergoing primary trabeculectomy, underwent videokeratographic examinations preoperatively, and at 2 weeks and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. The dioptric data of the central cornea were decomposed into spherical, regular astigmatic, and irregular astigmatic (decentration and higherorder irregularity) components using Fourier analysis.
* RESULTS: The mean spherical equivalent did not change throughout the observation period. The regular astigmatic component from 2 weeks to 6 months postoperatively was greater than the preoperative diopter, but the increase was not significant. In contrast, the decentration component increased significantly after surgery, but returned to the preoperative level by 12 months. The higher-order irregularity component also presented a transient increase postoperatively.
* CONCLUSIONS: Irregular astigmatism, particularly decentration component, increases significantly after trabeculectomy, but returns to the preoperative level 12 months after surgery.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:94-99]
Retinal Detachment Following Laser In Situ Keratomileusis
Authors: Aras Cengiz , Ozdamar Akif , Karacorlu Murat , Sener Bozkurt , Bahcecioglu Halil 
Published: April 2021

* OBJECTIVE: To report the clinical characteristics, surgical management and outcome of retinal detachment following laser in situ keratomÜeusis (LASIK) in myopic patients.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of 10 eyes of 10 myopic patients with retinal detachment who had previously undergone LASIK surgery were analyzed. Included in the study were 7 males and 3 females, aged 22 to 68 years (35.2±2.8).
* RESULTS: Mean spherical equivalent refraction was -10.51±3.90 D (ranging from -6.37 D to -17.00 D) before surgery. The time interval between the LASIK procedure and the development of retinal detachment varied from two months to nine months (5-2±2.78 months). The number of retinal breaks was one in 7 patients, two in 2 patients and three in 1 patient. The type of retinal breaks included 7 patients with horse shoe tears, 1 patient with a retinal hole, 1 patient with a giant retinal tear, and 1 patient with retinal dialysis. Retinal breaks were located anterior to the equator in 9 patients and posterior to the equator in 1 patient. Retinal reattachment was achieved with one operation in 8 eyes (80%) and the remaining 2 eyes required a second surgery for the reattachment of the retina.
* CONCLUSION: This study suggests the possible association between retinal detachment and LASIK procedure in patients with myopia. Clinicians should be aware of retinal pathology predisposing to retinal detachment in patients undergoing LASIK.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:121-125]
Optical Coherence Tomography After Laser Photocoagulation For Clinically Significant Macular Edema
Authors: Rivellese Mark , George Arnaud , Sulkes Destry , Reichel Elias , Puliafito Carmen 
Published: April 2021

* BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the utility of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for documenting an early response to laser photocoagulation in clinically significant macular edema (CSME) secondary to diabetes.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Five eyes of four patients were selected for review based on the diagnosis of CSME. All eyes had a clinical diagnosis of CSME based on slit lamp bíomicroscopy. All eyes underwent focal/grid laser photocoagulation to areas of retinal thickening detected by OCT and clinical exam. Pre and post-treatment optical coherence tomograms were obtained for all patients.
* RESULTS: All eyes selected for review had an early positive response to focal laser photocoagulation. OCT was useful for demonstrating areas of retinal thickening prior to laser treatment. Serial macular maps demonstrated the resolution of retinal thickening after laser photocoagulation in all eyes.
* CONCLUSION: OCT is a useful tool for evaluating and documenting CSME both before and after focal/grid laser photocoagulation. OCT is capable of detecting an early positive response to photocoagulation for macular edema.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:192-197]
Retina Tomography After Vitrectomy for Macular Edema of Central Retinal Vein Occlusion
Authors: Sekiryu Tetsuju , Yamauchi Takeshi , Enaida Hiroshi , Hara Yoko , Furuta Minoru 
Published: April 2021

* PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVE: To report retina tomography after vitrectomy for macular edema in central rerinal vein occlusion (CRVO).
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: Five patients with macular edema caused by CRVO were examined using optical coherence tomography (OCT) through their clinical courses.
* RESULTS: The retinal thickness through the fixation was reduced in all 5 eyes. Preoperatively, the retina thickness at the foveola was more than 500 µm in three eyes and more than 1000 µm in 2 eyes. The retina thickness was reduced to 311+80 µm within two weeks on average. Visual acuity was improved by two or more lines in 3 of 5 eyes.
* CONCLUSION: Vitrecromy is worthy of consideration when macular edemas are prolonged in patients of CRVO. OCT is a useful instrument for management and treatment of macular edema.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:198-202]
Aqueous Flare Elevation in the Fellow Eye After Vitrectomy
Authors: Matsuo Toshihiko , Suzuki Junko , Shiraga Fumio 
Published: April 2021

* OBJECTIVE: Aqueous flare elevation has been shown to occur in the fellow eye after cataract surgery. This study tests whether such subclinical sympathetic reaction also takes place after vitrectomy.
* PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective clinical study, preoperative and postoperative 2-week levels of aqueous flare in the fellow eyes of 38 patients who underwent vitrectomy during a 6-month period were measured with a laser flare-cell meter.
* RESULTS: Aqueous flare levels in the fellow eyes 2 weeks after vitrectomy (mean, 15.70 photon counts/millisecond) were significantly higher than preoperative flare levels (mean, 1 1 .78 photon counts/millisecond, Wilcoxon's signed rank test, P = 0.04).
* CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that subclinical sympathetic reaction did occur in the fellow eyes after vitrectomy.
[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers 2000;31:282-286]
Effectiveness of Digital Technology in Education During COVID-19 Pandemic. A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Mustapha Ishamuddin , Thuy Van Nguyen , Shahverdi Masoumeh , Qureshi Muhammad Imran , Khan Nohman 
Published: April 2021

Digital technologies are viewing as a gateway to solve many of the problems arising from the crisis. How can we provide efficient education in COVID-19? To extend classroom learning to the home is a challenging task for the nations and the COVID-19 outbreak put the world in a situation from home learning. This study will analyze the overall resources and digital technologies available for education from home. For this purpose, Scopus and web of science databases are used to find the literature. The final 82 articles are select for the SLR (systematic literature review). The data inclusion and exclusion process are used in the PRISMA statement 2015 for quality assessment of data. The bibliometric analysis will conduct for text frequency co-occurrence and collaborations between the authors in countries. The vital step of data classification will process according to the author's segmentation and published research settings. In the last findings of the study, reports will explain past literature and recent outbreak. We are applying bibliometric analysis, showing that reviews are classified into 04 main clusters for analysis and discussion. These are 1) Digital Education Quick Shift Online Teaching and Learning for during Covid19 Pandemic 2) Digital Education during Pandemic and Rethinking for Sustainable Community; 3) Digital education for medical education and healthcare in hospital; 4) Digital Education and Digital innovation development during Covid19 pandemic. These findings are expected to benefit stakeholders studying and working relevant in digital education during and resilient post-Covid-19 pandemic.
Ubc13 Promotes K63-Linked Polyubiquitination of NLRP3 to Activate Inflammasome
Authors: Ni Jun , Guan Chenyang , Liu Hua , Huang Xian , Yue Jinnan , Xiang Hongrui , Jiang Zhenyan , Tao Yuexiao , Cao Wenyi , Liu Jiamin , Wang Zhengting , Wang Yugang , Wu Xuefeng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in innate immune system through recognizing pathogenic microorganisms and danger-associated molecules. Deubiquitination of NLRP3 has been shown to be essential for its activation, yet the functions of Ubc13, the K63-linked specific ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2, in NLRP3 inflammasome activation are not known. In this study, we found that in mouse macrophages, Ubc13 knockdown or knockout dramatically impaired NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Catalytic activity is required for Ubc13 to control NLRP3 activation, and Ubc13 pharmacological inhibitor significantly attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Mechanistically, Ubc13 associates with NLRP3 and promotes its K63-linked polyubiquitination. Through mass spectrum and biochemical analysis, we identified lysine 565 and lysine 687 as theK63-linked polyubiquitination sites of NLRP3. Collectively, our data suggest that Ubc13 potentiates NLRP3 inflammasome activation via promoting site-specific K63-linked ubiquitination of NLRP3. Our study sheds light on mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and identifies that targeting Ubc13 could be an effective therapeutic strategy for treating aberrant NLRP3 inflammasome activation–induced pathogenesis.
Sonographic Finding of Medial Ankle Subcutaneous Edema and Its Association with Posterior Tibial Tenosynovitis
Authors: Dammeyer Kyle L. , Klochko Chad L. , Soliman Steven B. 
Published: April 2021

Background:
To evaluate if the sonographic finding of medial ankle subcutaneous (subQ) edema is associated with posterior tibial tenosynovitis (PTTS).

Methods:
Sonographic images of the medial ankle soft tissues from 40 patients with PTTS and 37 patients with a normal posterior tibial tendon (PTT) were randomized and independently evaluated by two musculoskeletal radiologists for the presence or absence of subQ edema. Both radiologists were blinded to the images and status of the PTT and the patient's history. Statistical analyses included the Chi-square test and Cohen's Kappa statistics for inter-observer agreement.

Results:
A statistically significant association was seen for the presence of medial ankle subQ edema and PTTS among both radiologists’ findings. Of the 40 patients with PTTS, 33 (82.5%) were found positive by the first radiologist for medial ankle subQ edema, while no subQ edema was found in 28 of the 37 (75.7%) patients with a normal PTT (P < 0.001). Similarly, the second radiologist found that 33 of the 40 (82.5%) with PTTS were positive for subQ edema, while no subQ edema was found in 24 of the 37 (64.9%) patients with a normal PTT (P < 0.001). There was also substantial inter-observer agreement between the 2 radiologists (κ-value = 0.79; 95% confidence intervals: 0.65, 0.93).

Conclusion:
A statistically significant association was present for the association of the sonographic finding of medial ankle subQ edema and the presence of PTTS. Further studies could evaluate if the sonographic finding of medial ankle subQ edema is an early predictor of PTT dysfunction.
Investigation of Obsessions and Compulsions in Terms of Psychological Resilience in the Epidemic Period
Authors: Atalay Zeynep , Cebi Merve , Demir Zeynep Gümüs 
Published: April 2021

Aims and Objectives:
In this study, obsessions and compulsions observed during the epidemic period were investigated in terms of psychological resilience.

Materials and Methods:
The research was conducted on a voluntary basis with 208 people (51.4% women, 48.6% men) who were exposed to the COVID 19 epidemic. Participants were given a Sociodemographic Information Form including questions about COVID 19, Vancouver Obsession–Compulsion Inventory (VOCI), and Adult Psychological Resilience Scale. Data were analyzed with Statistical Package Program for Social Science 21.0 program.

Results:
When the findings were examined, no difference was found between obsession–compulsion and psychological resilience in terms of total score. However, there are relationships in subdimensions. Contamination subscore of VOCI and social resources subscore of Resilience Scale for Adults were found to be higher than the others. Hoarding was higher in men, while self perception, structural style, and family cohesion were higher in women. Single participants had higher obsession–compulsion scores, whereas married participants had higher self perception and family adjustment. It was concluded that as individuals' age increased, their self perception and social competence increased. Relationships were also found in terms of both obsession–compulsion and psychological resilience with variables, such as the frequency of COVID 19 news and case follow up, the frequency of body screening for COVID 19 symptoms, the change in the frequency of cleaning, and the idea of getting psychological support.

Conclusion:
This research is significant when it comes to seeing the effect of a compulsive life event, such as an epidemic disease on obsessive and compulsive behaviors.
The Relationship between Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms and Religious Attitudes
Authors: Cinar Tayfun , Tan Oguz , Keskin Remziye , Sayar Gokben Hizli 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
This study aimed to examine the relationship between obsessive compulsive symptoms and religious attitudes.

Method:
A total of 80 people, 40 females and 40 males, randomly selected between the ages of 18 and 65 participated in the study. Participants were given Sociodemographic Information Form, the Padua Inventory, and Ok Religious Attitude Scale.

Results:
Based on the findings, there was no statistically significant relationship between obsessive compulsive symptoms subscales and religious attitudes. According to results related to sociodemographic variables, no statistically significant difference was found between sociodemographic variables of the participants and obsessive compulsive symptoms. No statistically significant difference was found between the religious attitudes of the participants and their sociodemographic variables.

Conclusion:
Because the number of study for understanding these variable is limited in Turkey, It can be considered that the findings of the study related to obsessive-compulsive symptoms and religious attitudes is contributive in terms of providing further information for future research.