bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Importance of public‐private partnerships for nutrition support research: An ASPEN Position Paper
Authors: Mueller Charles , Jonnalagadda Satya , Torres Krysmaru Araujo , Blackmer Allison , Cetnarowski Wes , Chen Yimin , Citty Sandra Wolfe , Dye Elizabeth , Hubbard Van S. , Kumbhat Seema , Ottery Faith , Russell Mary E. , Sacks Gordon S , Turner Justine 
Published: October 2021

AbstractParenteral and enteral nutrition support are key components of care for various medical and physiological conditions in infants, children, and adults. Nutrition support practices have advanced over time, driven by the goals of safe and sufficient delivery of needed nutrients and improved patient outcomes. These advances have been, and continue to be, dependent on research and development studies. Such studies address aspects of enteral and parenteral nutrition support: formulations, delivery devices, health outcomes, cost‐effectiveness, and related metabolism. The studies are supported by public funding from the government and by private funding from foundations and from the nutrition support industry.To build public trust in nutrition support research findings, it is important to underscore ethical research conduct and reporting of results for all studies, including those with industry sponsors. In 2019, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition's (ASPEN's) Board of Directors established a task force to ensure integrity in nutrition support research that is done as collaborative partnerships between the public (government and individuals) and private groups (foundations, academia, and industry). In this ASPEN Position Paper, the Task Force presents principles of ethical research to guide administrators, researchers, and funders. The Task Force identifies ways to curtail bias and to minimize actual or perceived conflict of interests, as related to funding sources and research conduct. Notably, this paper includes a Position Statement to describe the Task Force's guidance on Public‐Private Partnerships for research and funding. This paper has been approved by the ASPEN Board of Directors.
Sensorless LED display screen interaction and object recognition
Authors: Zhuo Ruofan , Lin Peiying , Wu Yuting , Wu Zhouyi , Ye Dexin , Huangfu Jiangtao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTaking advantage of the photoelectric characteristics of LED other than the light‐emitting function, this paper proposes a light sensing detection method and system without adding additional sensors to the LED screen. A two‐pole detection structure with a function of detecting positive and negative voltage is introduced to the LED drive circuit, which ensures the high‐speed characteristics during detection. What's more, the LED is controlled to work in photoconductive mode to obtain high voltage sensitivity when the intensity of incident light changes. The proposed module can reach an optical signal response rate of 19.1 μs with a detection rate of 23.5 Hz without affecting the original display function. The optical signal detection can reach a voltage sensitivity of 3.02 mV per lx. To verify the photoelectric detection capability of the method presented in this paper, a brand‐new screen object recognition system is built and tested. An 8 × 8 LED display module is used in experiment, and the scale of LED screen can be expanded easily and flexibly. In an ideal environment, a recognition accuracy of 99.25% can be achieved, while the recognition accuracy can still reach over 96.5% in a complex light environment. Therefore, this work has further application possibilities for light interaction and fast object recognition in large screens.
Associations of imbalance of intestinal flora with severity of disease, inflammatory factors, adiponectin, and vascular endothelial function of hypertension patients
Authors: Lin Yang , Wu Shi‐Hui , Wang Xu‐Hong , Zhang Wei , Li Bai‐Gang , Liu Wen‐Shu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTo explore the relationship between the severity of hypertension and the imbalanced intestinal flora, inflammatory factors, adiponectin (ADPN) and vascular endothelial function in primary hypertension patients. According to the grading criteria for hypertension, in total of 60 patients with primary hypertension in our hospital from April to July, 2020 were divided into Grade 1 group (n = 20), Grade 2 group (n = 20), and Grade 3 group (n = 20). The feces of the research subjects were collected to extract the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and detect its composition of intestinal flora. Subsequently, the peripheral blood was collected to determine the changes in inflammatory factors interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), IL‐4, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and IL‐1β, serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM, ADPN and vascular endothelial function‐related endothelin‐1 (ET‐1), nitric oxide (NO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1). There were no significant differences in the gender, age, and body mass index (BMI), the proportion of smokers, diet habit, probiotics and antihypertensive medication use, and number of diabetic cases among groups (p > 0.05). We found an inverse association between blood pressure measures and microbial diversity, in particular microbial richness (p < 0.05). Among the four major kinds of intestinal flora, the composition of firmicutes (p < 0.05) and bacteroidetes (p < 0.05) showed obvious differences among the three groups, and they had consistent trends with the changes in the abundance of firmicutes and bacteroidetes. Intestinal flora imbalance is closely related to the severity of hypertension, inflammatory factors, ADPN, and vascular endothelial function.
Demographic Risk Factors for Malnutrition in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Taufique Zahrah M. , Escher Paul J. , Gathman Tyler J. , Nickel Amanda J. , Lee Daniel B. , Roby Brianne B. , Chinnadurai Sivakumar 
Published: October 2021

Objectives/HypothesisPatients with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) are at increased risk of malnutrition. Acute and chronic malnutrition have been associated with elevated risk of postsurgical wound complications, adding morbidity and cost to patients and their families. To study the association between demographic factors, including insurance type, race, and median neighborhood income (MNI), and malnutrition in patients with CLP.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsRetrospective review was performed in patients undergoing their first cleft‐related surgery at a large tertiary pediatric hospital from 2006 to 2018. Demographic data, weight and height at surgery, type of insurance, race, and primary residential address were collected. Geocoded information on MNI was generated using patient address. World Health Organization Z‐scores for weight‐for‐age (WFA) and height‐for‐age (HFA) were used as proxies for acute and chronic malnutrition, respectively. Linear regression models were generated to analyze the relationship of insurance type, race, and MNI on WFA and HFA Z‐scores.ResultsAbout 313 patients met inclusion criteria. Increasing MNI predicted increasing WFA Z‐score (0.05 increase in WFA per $1,000 increase,P = .047) as well as HFA Z‐score (0.09 increase in HFA per $1,000 increase,P = .011). The effect of MNI was not independently modified by race for either WFA (P = .841) nor HFA (P = .404). Race and insurance type did not predict WFA or HFA.ConclusionsLower MNI is a significant independent risk factor for acute and chronic malnutrition in children with CLP. Combined with previous investigation linking malnutrition to surgical outcomes in this population, this offers a target area for intervention to improve patient outcomes.Level of Evidence3Laryngoscope, 132:1482–1486, 2022
Tonsillectomy for Obstructive Sleep‐Disordered Breathing: Should They Stay, or Could They Go?
Authors: Friedman Norman R. , Meier Maxene , Tholen Kaitlyn , Crowder Renee , Hoefner‐Notz Regina , Nguyen Thanh , Derieg Sarah , Campbell Kristen , McLeod Lisa 
Published: October 2021

Objectives/HypothesisChildren who do not require oxygen beyond 3 hours after surgery and pass a sleep room air challenge (SRAC) are safe for discharge regardless of polysomnogram (PSG) results or comorbidities.Study DesignCross‐sectional prospective study.MethodsAll children observed overnight undergoing an adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep‐disordered breathing were prospectively recruited. Demographic, clinical, and PSG characteristics were stratified by whether the patient had required oxygen beyond 3 hours postoperatively (prolonged oxygen requirement [POR]) and compared using t test, chi‐squared test, or Fisher's exact test depending on distribution. Optimal cut points for predicting POR postsurgery were calculated using receiver operating characteristic curves. The primary analysis was performed on the full cohort via logistic regression using POR as the outcome. Significant characteristics were analyzed in a logistic regression model, with significance set at P < .05.ResultsA total of 484 participants met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 5.65 (standard deviation = 4.02) years. Overall, 365 (75%) did not have a POR or any other adverse respiratory event. In multivariable logistic regression, risk factors for POR were an asthma diagnosis (P < .001) and an awake SpO2 <96% (P = .005). The probability of a POR for those without asthma and a SpO2 ≥ 96% was 18% (95% confidence interval: 14–22). Age, obesity, and obstructive apnea/hypopnea index were not associated with POR.ConclusionsIn conclusion, all children in our study who are off oxygen within 3 hours of surgery and passed a SRAC were safe for discharge from a respiratory standpoint regardless of age, obesity status, asthma diagnosis, and obstructive apnea/hypopnea index. Additional investigations are necessary to confirm our findings.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:1675–1681, 2022
Evaluation of quality parameters and antioxidant properties of protein concentrates and hydrolysates of hyacinth bean (Lablab purpureus)
Authors: Roy Mukta , Ullah Shakhawat , Alam Mahabub , Islam Md. Aminul 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe hyacinth bean protein hydrolysates (HPHs) were derived from hyacinth bean protein concentrate (HPC) by enzymatic hydrolysis following isoelectric method using pepsin enzyme. The HPH displayed strong antioxidant activities than hyacinth flour and HPC, where released amino acids were the major contributors to enhanced antioxidant activities. The IC50 values for HPH and ascorbic acid (AA) were 0.052 and 0.020 mg/ml correspondingly. The total phenolic content (TPC) of HPH and HPC were 35.1 and 22.03 mg GAE/g, respectively. The antioxidant potential of both HPC and HPH was assessed by adding those components to apple juice at a rate of 3 g/L and kept at ambient temperature for 6 days. Both HPC and HPH delayed the development of oxidizing products during 6‐day storage where HPH exhibited significantly higher antioxidant activity to that of HPC. The HPH reduced the oxidizing substances by 79.58%, 65.1%, and 62.03% at Days 0, 1, and 6, respectively, compared with control. These findings demonstrate that the hyacinth hydrolysates offer a good potential for use in the food industry as natural antioxidants.
The evaluation of serum brain‐derived neurotrophic factor and neurofilament light chain levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Arslan Burak , Şemsi Rabia , İriz Ayşe , Sepici Dinçel Aylin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to compare serum levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurofilament light (NfL) chain in normal individuals and patients with mild and moderate‐severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).MethodsWe enrolled 81 subjects referred to Otorhinolaryngology (Ear‐Nose‐Throat), Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, between 2017 and 2019. Based on the severity of OSAS, patients were divided into three groups: group 1 with mild OSAS (apnea‐hypopnea index [AHI] 5‐15; n = 26), group 2 with moderate‐severe OSAS (AHI > 15; n = 32), and group 3 with normal individuals (AHI scores < 5; n = 23).ResultsSerum NfL and BDNF levels were evaluated together with the clinical data for all subjects. Significant differences were seen in the oxygen desaturation index (ODI), apnea index, hypopnea index, sleep efficiency, and NfL levels (P < .05) between the three groups. In the moderate‐severe group, NfL levels showed a significant positive correlation with apnea index (P < .05,r = .389), hypopnea index (P < .05,r = .455), and ODI (P = .04;r = .362).ConclusionsOur findings clarify the pathophysiology of OSAS in cases of repetitive hypoxia and chronic neuronal damage. Based on our results, we recommend that in addition to BDNF, NfL should also be evaluated in different and larger patient cohorts.
Chronically elevated sea surface temperatures revealed high susceptibility of the eelgrass Zostera marina to winter and spring warming
Authors: Sawall Yvonne , Ito Maysa , Pansch Christian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWhile it is well known that severe marine summer heatwaves can cause acute and dramatic die‐offs of seagrass meadows, the effect of trans‐seasonal warming and winter/spring heatwaves are yet poorly understood. This study simulated a 9‐months warming scenario on the common seagrass Zostera marina from winter into summer, using outdoor mesocosms, which provided near‐natural conditions. The relevance of the natural temperature pattern, as well as the 3.6°C warming, and their implications were further discussed in the context of a 22‐yr temperature time series of the study region. Survival of plants was high in winter independent of temperature. In spring, however, heat‐treated Z. marina flowered 1.5 months earlier and experienced high mortalities. Thereafter, plant survival, growth, and pigmentation were largely comparable between temperature regimes. Yet, a comparatively high mortality occurred in ambient plants, after an abnormally warm June. Final biomass was reduced by ~ 50% in heat‐treated plants. These results imply that warm winter‐to‐spring conditions can have severe effects on vital seagrass traits. Warming accelerates consumption of energy reserves triggering advanced flowering, similar to many terrestrial plants. Although, surviving heat‐treated plants were not able to re‐stock energy reserves throughout the high‐light summer as inferred from low plant biomass, these seemed rather resistant to summer heatwave events.
Circulating Tumor Cell–Based Messenger RNA Scoring System for Prognostication of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Translating Tissue‐Based Messenger RNA Profiling Into a Noninvasive Setting
Authors: Lee Yi‐Te , Sun Na , Kim Minhyung , Wang Jasmine J. , Tran Benjamin V. , Zhang Ryan Y. , Qi Dongping , Zhang Ceng , Chen Pin‐Jung , Sadeghi Saeed , Finn Richard S. , Saab Sammy , Han Steven‐Huy B. , Busuttil Ronald W. , Pei Renjun , Zhu Yazhen , Tseng Hsian‐Rong , You Sungyong , Yang Ju Dong , Agopian Vatche G. 
Published: October 2021

Numerous studies in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have proposed tissue‐based gene signatures for individualized prognostic assessments. Here, we develop a novel circulating tumor cell (CTC)–based transcriptomic profiling assay to translate tissue‐based messenger RNA (mRNA) signatures into a liquid biopsy setting for noninvasive HCC prognostication. The HCC‐CTC mRNA scoring system combines the NanoVelcro CTC Assay for enriching HCC CTCs and the NanoString nCounter platform for quantifying the HCC‐CTC Risk Score (RS) panel in enriched HCC CTCs. The prognostic role of the HCC‐CTC RS was assessed in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HCC cohort (n = 362) and validated in an independent clinical CTC cohort (n = 40). The HCC‐CTC RS panel was developed through our integrated data analysis framework of 8 HCC tissue‐based gene signatures and identified the top 10 prognostic genes (discoidin domain receptor tyrosine kinase 1
[
DDR1], enoyl‐CoA hydratase and 3‐hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase
[EHHADH], androgen receptor
[AR], lumican
[LUM], hydroxysteroid 17‐beta dehydrogenase 6
[HSD17B6], prostate transmembrane protein, androgen induced 1 [PMEPA1], tsukushi, small leucine rich proteoglycan
[TSKU], N‐terminal EF‐hand calcium binding protein 2
[NECAB2], ladinin 1
[LAD1], solute carrier family 27 member 5 [SLC27A5]) highly expressed in HCC with low expressions in white blood cells. The panel accurately discriminated overall survival in TCGA HCC cohort (hazard ratio [HR], 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4‐2.9). The combined use of the scoring system and HCC‐CTC RS panel successfully distinguished artificial blood samples spiked with an aggressive HCC cell type, SNU‐387, from those spiked with PLC/PRF/5 cells (P = 0.02). In the CTC validation cohort (n = 40), HCC‐CTC RS remained an independent predictor of survival (HR, 5.7; 95% CI, 1.5‐21.3; P = 0.009) after controlling for Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease score, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage, and CTC enumeration count. Our study demonstrates a novel interdisciplinary approach to translate tissue‐based gene signatures into a liquid biopsy setting. This noninvasive approach will allow real‐time disease profiling and dynamic prognostication of HCC.
Study of CNT Intercalated Bi2O3/PVDF Composite for Super Capacitors Applications
Authors: Yadav Dinesh Kumar , Yadav Anju , Meena Khushbu , Devat Kiran , Mishra Jitendra K. , Sahu Rajesh , Jain Sushil K. , Dixit Ambesh , Srivastava Nisha , Patodia Tarun , Jakhar Narendra , Tripathi Balram 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCarbon nanotube (CNT) intercalated‐bismuth oxide (CNT‐Bi2O3)/polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) composites are synthesized via sonication and roasting process. The phase structure, bonding, and morphology of CNT‐Bi2O3/PVDF composite are characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The capacitance and dielectric constant of the composite electrodes are studied by impedance analyzer. The capacitance and stability of CNT‐Bi2O3/PVDF composite are found to be increased on increasing concentration of Bi2O3 in PVDF composite. These results show that CNT‐Bi2O3/PVDF composite is a very promising electrode material for high‐performance super capacitors.
Effect of BaTiO3Nanofillers on the Energy Storage Performance of Polymer Nanocomposites
Authors: Yadav Anju , Yadav Dinesh Kumar , Mishra Jitendra Kumar , Sahu Rajesh , Jain S.K. , Dixit Shalini , Agarwal Garima , Jakhar Narendra , Tripathi Balram 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPolymer nanocomposite is a promising substitute for the charge‐storage dielectric material in capacitors. Barium titanate/polycarbonate (BT/PC) nanocomposite is one of the system due to its comprehensive excellent dielectric properties. As the dielectric response of nanocomposite depends strongly on the size of the fillers, concentration of fillers in the composite system. In this study, BT/PC nanocomposites (BT = 1‐5%) with thickness of 100 µm were fabricated to reveal the effect of the fillers on the energy storage performance of the polymer nanocomposites. Owing to the variable concentration and good dispersibility of the nanofillers, the nanocomposites with small concentration of BT particles show more uniform and denser microstructures. Moreover, with the increase of filler concentration, dielectric results indicate a breakdown strength enhancement in the nanocomposites with BT fillers, which is quite different from the nanocomposites with normal fillers, and therefore leads to the superior energy storage performance. This study demonstrates a strategy of obtaining large dielectric constants and energy densities in ceramic/polymer composites for energy storage device applications.
The challenges of COVID‐19 Delta variant: Prevention and vaccine development
Authors: He Xuemei , He Cai , Hong Weiqi , Zhang Kang , Wei Xiawei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSeveral SARS‐CoV‐2 variants have emerged since the pandemic, bringing about a renewed threat to the public. Delta variant (B.1.617.2) was first detected in October 2020 in India and was characterized as variants of concern (VOC) by WHO on May 11, 2021. Delta variant rapidly outcompeted other variants to become the dominant circulating lineages due to its clear competitive advantage. There is emerging evidence of enhanced transmissibility and reduced vaccine effectiveness (VE) against Delta variant. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the features and phenotypic effects of this variant. Herein, we comprehensively described the evaluation and features of Delta variant, summarized the effects of mutations in spike on the infectivity, transmission ability, immune evasion, and provided a perspective on efficient approaches for preventing and overcoming COVID‐19.
A Dataset of Computational Reaction Barriers for the Claisen Rearrangement: Chemical and Numerical Analysis
Authors: Okada Hiroaki , Maeda Satoshi 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTheoretical reaction screening based on Gibbs energy barriers would be promising to accelerate chemical reactions mining. The number of quantum chemical calculations can be reduced by using an optimization algorithm such as genetic algorithm (GA) and Bayesian optimization (BO). The focus of this study is to generate a dataset of reaction barriers of size ∼100000. Such a dataset would be useful to quickly evaluate various implementations of an optimization algorithm such as GA and BO. The dataset includes Gibbs energy barriers of the Claisen rearrangement for ∼100000 molecules computed on the basis of a semiempirical theory PM7. After evaluating its chemical and numerical features, it is found that the dataset well reflects chemical trends of various substitutions and is useful in testing various implementations of an optimization algorithm. The dataset is available in the supplementary material of this paper.
Design of a wideband bowtie‐shaped reflectarray antenna loaded with parasitic split rings
Authors: Li Sen , Cai Yang , Cao Yufan , Zhang Baoling , Wu Tao 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA novel bowtie‐shaped structure loaded with three concentric split rings is proposed for designing wideband reflectarray antenna with low optimizing complexity. The broadband characteristic of the proposed reflectarray element is realized by exciting multi‐resonances through the surrounded concentric split rings. Furthermore, a linear phase curve covering about 700° can be achieved by simply adjusting the flare angle of the concentric split rings. Based on the element, a prototype of the proposed reflectarray antenna with a diameter of 180 mm is simulated and measured. According to the measured results, the peak gain is 22.8 dBi at 10 GHz corresponding to an aperture efficiency of 42%. Besides, 3‐dB gain bandwidth of 28% (8.5–11.3 GHz) is obtained, and the cross‐polarization levels are below −25 dB for both principal planes.