bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of Inhalation Challenge Test for Bird-related Fibrotic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis: a Case Control Study
Authors: Okuda Ryo , Hagiwara Eri , Baba Tomohisa , Kitamura Hideya , Komatsu Shigeru , Kaburaki Shota , Mikami Yu , Takemura Tamiko , Ogura Takashi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: The inhalation challenge test is considered to be the “gold standard” for diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) and identifying the causative antigen in patients with fibrotic HP. However, the inhalation challenge test is not widely used. This study aimed to examine the value of the inhalation challenge test.Methods: This was a single-center, case control study. The patients with fibrotic HP were diagnosed pathologically by surgical lung biopsy or transbronchial lung cryobiopsy, and were assumed to be bird-related fibrotic HP if they had a history of obvious avian exposure. The patients with a histopathological diagnosis of fibrotic HP, no history of bird exposure and negative anti-bird antibodies were assumed to be non-bird-related fibrotic HP.Results: Based on pathological findings and history of avian exposure, 43 of 86 patients were diagnosed with bird-related fibrotic HP. In 43 patients with bird-related fibrotic HP, 15 (35%) were positive for anti-bird IgG antibody, and 36 (81%) were positive for the inhalation challenge test. Patients with both positive inhalation challenge test and anti-bird IgG antibodies had a 2.7% decline in annual FVC before the inhalation (p = 0.029). In patients with positive inhalation challenge test and the negative anti-bird IgG antibodies, the annual FVC decreased by 5.0% (p = 0.047). No significant FVC decline was observed in patients with negative inhalation challenge test and positive anti-bird IgG antibody, and those with both negative tests.Conclusions: The inhalation challenge test for bird-related fibrotic HP was more sensitive than anti-bird IgG antibodies. Furthermore, the inhalation challenge test was able to find a group of patients with FVC decline.
Efficacy And Safety of Canakinumab As A Second-Line Biologic After Tocilizumab Treatment Failure in Children With Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Single-Center Cohort Study Using Routinely Collected Health Data
Authors: Alexeeva Ekaterina , Krekhova Elizaveta , Dvoryakovskaya Tatyana , Isaeva Ksenia , Chomakhidze Aleksandra , Chistyakova Evgeniya , Lomakina Olga , Denisova Rina , Mamutova Anna , Fetisova Anna , Gautier Marina , Vankova Dariya , Kriulin Ivan , Saygitov Ruslan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background: A significant number of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) patients discontinue biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) due to lack of efficacy or safety concerns. Studies of biologic therapy switch regimens in sJIA are required.Methods: Patients with sJIA who switched from tocilizumab (due to lack of efficacy or safety) to canakinumab (4 mg/kg every 4 weeks) and were hospitalized at the rheumatology department from August 2012 to July 2020 were included. Primary efficacy outcomes were 30% or greater improvement based on the pediatric criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR30), achievement of inactive disease (JADAS‑71 =0) and clinical remission (ACR sJIA clinical inactive disease criteria). Follow-up was 12 months or the closest time point (not less than 6 and not more than 18 months). Data were extracted from outpatient medical records.Results: During the study period, 46 patients with sJIA switched from tocilizumab to canakinumab. Median age at canakinumab initiation was 8.2 (interquartile range 4.0; 12.9) years, and median sJIA duration was 1.8 (0.8; 5.8) years; 37 (80%) patients received at least one non-biologic DMARD (oral corticosteroids, methotrexate and/or cyclosporine A). Study outcomes were followed up in 45 patients (one patient did not attend the follow-up for an unknown reason); median follow-up was 359 (282; 404) days. During the follow-up, canakinumab was discontinued in one patient (due to tuberculosis detection) and the dose was reduced or the injection interval increased in four (9%) patients. In total, 27 (60%) patients continued to receive at least one non-biologic DMARD. Improvement according to the ACR30 criteria was achieved in 43 patients (96%; 95% confidence interval, 85–99), inactive disease in 42 (93%; 82–98), and clinical remission in 37 (82%; 69‑91); after adjustment for actual time-at-risk, the rates were 83, 85 and 73 events per 100 person-years, respectively. During follow-up, 23 adverse events (most frequently infections) were reported in 19/45 (42%) patients; 5/45 (11%) patients developed macrophage activation syndrome, with a favorable outcome in all cases.Conclusions: Short-term (about 12 months) canakinumab therapy was found to be potentially effective as second-line biologic therapy after discontinuation of tocilizumab in patients with sJIA. Trial registration: CACZ885G2301E1 (G2301; NCT00891046 registered on April 29, 2009) and CACZ885G2306 (G2306; NCT02296424 registered on November 20, 2014).
Iron supplementation delays aging and extends cellular lifespan through potentiation of mitochondrial function
Authors: Jing Jovian Lin , Ning Trishia Cheng Yi , Natali Federica , Eisenhaber Frank , Alfatah Mohammad 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Aging is the greatest challenge of humankind worldwide. Aging is associated with a progressive loss of physiological integrity due to a decline in cellular metabolism and functions. Such metabolic changes lead to age-related diseases, thereby compromising human health for the remaining life. Thus, there is an urgent need to identify geroprotectors that regulate metabolic functions to target the aging biological processes. Nutrients are the major regulator of metabolic activities to coordinate cell growth and development. Iron is an important nutrient involved in several biological functions, including metabolism. In this study, using yeast as an aging model organism, we show that iron supplementation delays aging and increases the cellular lifespan. To determine how iron supplementation increases the lifespan, we performed the gene expression analysis of mitochondria, the main cellular hub of iron utilization. Quantitative analysis of gene expression data reveals that iron supplementation upregulates the expression of mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and electron transport chain (ETC) genes. Furthermore, in agreement with expression profiles of mitochondrial genes, ATP level is elevated by iron supplementation, which is required for increasing the cellular lifespan. To confirm, we tested the role of iron supplementation in the AMPK knockout mutant. AMPK is a highly conserved controller of mitochondrial metabolism and energy homeostasis. Remarkably, iron supplementation rescued the short lifespan of AMPK knockout mutant confirmed the anti-aging role through enhancement of mitochondrial functions. Thus our results suggest a potential therapeutic use of iron supplementation to delay aging and prolong healthspan.
Modifiable Risk Factors for Dementia: The Role of Gut Microbiota
Authors: Cabrera Cristian , Vicens Paloma , Torrente Margarita 
Published: December 2021

:
Dementia is a syndrome resulting from chronic or progressive brain disease. Around 40% of worldwide dementia can be prevented or delayed by modifying 12 risk factors: low educational attainment in early life, mid-life hypertension, mid-life obesity, hearing loss, traumatic brain injury, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, depression, physical inactivity, social isolation, diabetes mellitus, and air pollution. There is growing evidence that gastrointestinal tract microbiota may significantly contribute to dementia pathogenesis. In particular, gut dysbiosis can trigger metabolic diseases and the progression of low-grade systemic inflammation, being involved in much of the major modifiable risk factors. In this review, we focus on studies that have evaluated the association between modifiable risk factors for dementia and the role of gut microbiota. We also suggest clinical implications for researchers in dementia-gut microbiota related fields.
Double-edged Role of KNa Channels in Brain Tuning: Identifying Epileptogenic
Network Micro-Macro Disconnection
Authors: Liu Ru , Sun Lei , Wang Yunfu , Jia Meng , Wang Qun , Cai Xiang , Wu Jianping 
Published: December 2021

:
Epilepsy is commonly recognized as a disease driven by generalized hyperexcited and hypersynchronous neural activity. Sodium-activated potassium channels (KNa channels), which are encoded by the Slo 2.2 and Slo 2.1 genes, are widely expressed in the central nervous system and considered as “brakes” to adjust neuronal adaptation through regulating action potential threshold or after-hyperpolarization under physiological condition. However, the variants in KNa channels, especially gain-of-function variants, have been found in several childhood epileptic conditions. Most previous studies focused on mapping the epileptic network on the macroscopic scale while ignoring the value of microscopic changes. Notably, paradoxical role of KNa channels working on individual neuron/microcircuit and the macroscopic epileptic expression highlights the importance of understanding epileptogenic network through combining microscopic and macroscopic methods. Here, we first illustrated the molecular and physiological function of KNa channels on preclinical seizure models and patients with epilepsy. Next, we summarized current hypothesis on the potential role of KNa channels during seizures to provide essential insight into what emerged as a micro-macro disconnection at different levels. Additionally, we highlighted the potential utility of KNa channels as therapeutic targets for developing innovative anti-seizure medications.
Modelling Cell Growth and Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) Polymer Synthesis
by Pseudomonas Putida LS46 under Oxygen-Limiting Conditions
Authors: Sharifyazd Shabnam , Asadzadeh Masoud , Levin David B. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable, biocompatible, and
non-toxic polymers synthesized by bacteria that may be used to displace some petroleum-based
plastic materials. One of the major barriers to the commercialization of PHA biosynthesis is the
high cost of production.

Objective:
Oxygen-limitation is known to greatly influence bacterial cell growth and PHA production.
In this study, the growth and synthesis of medium chain length PHAs (mcl-PHAs) by Pseudomonas
putida LS46, cultured in batch-mode with octanoic acid, under oxygen-limited conditions,
was modeled.

Methods:
Four models, including the Monod model, incorporated Leudeking-Piret (MLP), the
Moser model incorporated Leudeking-Piret (Moser-LP), the Logistic model incorporated Leudeking-
Piret (LLP), and the Modified Logistic model incorporated Leudeking-Piret (MLLP) were investigated.
Kinetic parameters of each model were calibrated using the multi-objective optimization
algorithm, Pareto Archived Dynamically Dimensioned Search (PA-DDS), by minimizing the
sum of absolute error (SAE) for PHA production and growth simultaneously.

Results and Conclusions:
Among the four models, MLP and Moser-LP models adequately represented
the experimental data for oxygen-limited conditions. However, the MLP and Moser-LP models
could not adequately simulate PHA production under oxygen-excess conditions. Modeling cell
growth and PHA will assist in the development of a strategy for industrial-scale production.
Strategies to Address the Lack of Labeled Data for Supervised Machine Learning Training With Electronic Health Records: Case Study for the Extraction of Symptoms From Clinical Notes
Authors: Humbert-Droz Marie , Mukherjee Pritam , Gevaert Olivier 
Published: December 2021

Background
Automated extraction of symptoms from clinical notes is a challenging task owing to the multidimensional nature of symptom description. The availability of labeled training data is extremely limited owing to the nature of the data containing protected health information. Natural language processing and machine learning to process clinical text for such a task have great potential. However, supervised machine learning requires a great amount of labeled data to train a model, which is at the origin of the main bottleneck in model development.

Objective
The aim of this study is to address the lack of labeled data by proposing 2 alternatives to manual labeling for the generation of training labels for supervised machine learning with English clinical text. We aim to demonstrate that using lower-quality labels for training leads to good classification results.

Methods
We addressed the lack of labels with 2 strategies. The first approach took advantage of the structured part of electronic health records and used diagnosis codes (International Classification of Disease–10th revision) to derive training labels. The second approach used weak supervision and data programming principles to derive training labels. We propose to apply the developed framework to the extraction of symptom information from outpatient visit progress notes of patients with cardiovascular diseases.

Results
We used >500,000 notes for training our classification model with International Classification of Disease–10th revision codes as labels and >800,000 notes for training using labels derived from weak supervision. We show that the dependence between prevalence and recall becomes flat provided a sufficiently large training set is used (>500,000 documents). We further demonstrate that using weak labels for training rather than the electronic health record codes derived from the patient encounter leads to an overall improved recall score (10% improvement, on average). Finally, the external validation of our models shows excellent predictive performance and transferability, with an overall increase of 20% in the recall score.

Conclusions
This work demonstrates the power of using a weak labeling pipeline to annotate and extract symptom mentions in clinical text, with the prospects to facilitate symptom information integration for a downstream clinical task such as clinical decision support.
Intervensi penatalaksanaan gizi dalam meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin dan tumbuh kembang balita stunting
Authors: Gunawan Delima Citra Dewi , Yuliati Endri 
Published: December 2021

The intervention of nutrition management can increase hemoglobin levels and development on stunting toddlerBackground: The prevalence of stunting remains high in Indonesia. Stunting has serious effects on children such as increased morbidity, mortality, and decreasing physical and cognitive capability. Objectives: To analyze the effect of the nutrition care process on nutritional status, hemoglobin, and development on stunting children. Methods: This quasi-experimental study used a non-randomized pre and post-test with a control group design. Fortyfour children under five were divided into 2 groups; the intervention group received the nutrition care process for 3 months, while a control group received a leaflet. Nutritional status was determined by body weight for age, hemoglobin concentration using finger test stick, and development using a questionnaire. Results: There were significant differences (p<0.05) in weight for age between the two groups, both before and after the intervention. However, the differences of weight for an age before and after intervention in each group were not significant (p=0.184 and p=0.130). The increase of hemoglobin concentration between before and after intervention in the intervention group was statistically significant (p=0.008). On the other hand, there was a significant decrease in hemoglobin concentration in a control group (p=0.003). There was an increase of subjects having accordance development, from 9 to 15 subjects in the intervention group. The development between before and after the intervention was significantly different (p=0.03), but not in the control group (p=0.78). Conclusions: The nutrition care process could accelerate the improvement of hemoglobin concentration and development, but not on the nutritional status of stunting children.
World monies or money-worlds: A new perspective on cryptocurrencies and their moneyness
Authors: Hayes Adam 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis essay makes the case that current debates about the ‘moneyness’ of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are occurring at the incorrect scale. Rather than being some form of transnational digital money to be used alongside or compete with national fiat currencies, I argue that, instead, each cryptocurrency represents its own self-contained ‘money-world’. Put differently, a cryptocurrency is the uniquely specified unit of account and medium of exchange within the socio-technical bounds of its own blockchain. This new perspective can open new lines of intellectual dialogue and inform better policy choices for regulating cryptocurrencies.
The earliest transverse grooved stones of Eurasia: Near Eastern distribution, types and chronology
Authors: Usacheva Irina 
Published: December 2021

Transverse grooved stones (TGS) believed to be used as shaft straighteners, first made their appearance at Epipalaeolithic sites in the Near East from where they spread to the Mediterranean coasts of Africa and Europe, but mostly to Northern Eurasia (the steppe, forest-steppe, and semi-desert zones). It has been discovered that the spread of TGA has been carried out along different paths. Moreover, grooved stones along each of these transmission routes can be distinguished by their unique decorative and morphological characteristics.
The aim of this paper is to clarify the circumstances and the date of appearance of the first TGS, localization of their initial areas, and identification of their respective decorative and morphological features. This is a necessary condition for identifying the starting points of the subsequent transit carriers of TGS' tradition and tracing the directions of interaction in Eurasia during the end of the Pleistocene – the first half of the Holocene period using TGS as markers.
The initial database was formed on the basis of the scientific publications on the Near East. The following is a presentation of the analytical review of at least 200 grooved stones and 80 sites in their starting area in south-western Asia. The analysis used a systematic approach with emphasis on chronology, environment, petrography, morphology, functional-typological data where such were available, and TGS’ decor. But first of all, the study pays attention to the distribution of TGS and their cultural and chronological boundaries in this region. For this purpose, it was performed the mapping of findings in two chronological levels – up to 8000 thousand BCE and after, with the marking of decorated products.
The results enabled us to detect that the geographical spread of grooved artefacts of this type is limited in the Near East to the area of central Anatolia and Fertile Crescent, with a boundary along the desert-steppes. At least three concentrations can be clearly distinguished: the Levant, Zagros Mountains, and Upper Mesopotamia - central Anatolia, where the products are characterized by specific features of decorative and morphological design and in one case (Levant) an additional observed petrographic specificity. Currently, the earliest cases are recorded in Early Natufian contexts in the Levant and in Epipalaeolithic contexts of the Anatolian plateau since the 13th millennium cal BCE. Thus, one can confidently state that the introduction of TGS in the Middle East is generally linked to the Epipalaeolithic sites (Natufian, Harifian, and Western Zarzian) and is definitely associated with hunter-gatherers. The heyday of TGS falls on the PPNA and lasts to the beginning of the early Bronze Age, when they finally disappear.
Geografizar La tierra pródiga
Authors: Martínez Barragán Hirineo , Martínez Ramírez Bárbara Romina 
Published: December 2021

El propósito principal del presente texto es retomar, desde la obra literaria La tierra pródiga de Agustín Yáñez, un espacio geográfico que tiene su existencia real en el estado de Jalisco y dentro de una de las regiones donde se inserta el discurso del progreso documentado a través del proceso de electrificación, la construcción de carreteras y la incorporación de infraestructura diversa en el lugar, entre los años de 1960 y 1990. Mediante la interrelación de documentos consultados, como la cartografía de CETENAL (1974-1976), informes gubernamentales, bibliografía y hemerografía especializada, así como la realización de recorridos de campo, observación participante y entrevistas a los lugareños con la intención de realizar lecturas de paisajes, se plantearon los objetivos del trabajo: ampliar el conocimiento de la zona y motivar el interés del público especializado por conocerla mejor y seguir estudiándola. Así, se busca interactuar con lo que el autor literario especificaba como una zona en constante conflicto, relacionando los significados de sus recursos naturales y la poca intervención pública. En ese sentido, “geografizar” aquí se entiende como la utilización de los elementos que la novela nos brinda a través de un lenguaje geográfico, donde los lugares a los que hace referencia cobran relevancia y son reconocidos como territorios “reales” a través de un sustento con elementos de valoración literaria.
Pelatihan Goal setting Untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Pada Siswa Di SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Sidoarjo
Authors: Ramadhani Ika Wulan , Fahmawati Zaki Nur , Affandi Ghozali Rusyid 
Published: December 2021

Motivasi belajar merupakan seluruh aktivitas daya penggerak pada diri siswa yang menimbulkan aktivitas belajar dan menjamin kelangsungan kegiatan belajar serta memberikan arahan pada kegiatan belajar. Motivasi belajar menjadi daya penggerak yang dapat mengarahkan siswa untuk mencapai tujuan atau sasaran yang ditetapkan. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi motivasi belajar adalah tujuan (goal setting). pembuatan tujuan menjadi suatu upaya penting dalam memaksimalkan motivasi , adanya pemahaman tentang tujuan sebagai suatu untuk digapai dapat menimbulkan minat yang lebih untuk belajar. Psikoedukasi yang dilakukan mendapatkan hasil bahwa terdapat perbedaan motivasi belajar antara sebelum dan setelah diberikan psikoedukais terkait goal setting dengan perbedaan reratanya adalah -16.000 (mean difference), t score = -8.263 dan p = 0.001 < 0.05. Berdasarkan perhitungan deskriptif didapatkan hasil bahwa nilai mean pretest sebesar 99.433 dan posttest sebesar 115.433 yang berarti bahwa motivasi belajar siswa memiliki nilai lebih tinggi setelah mendapatkan psikoedukasi terkait goal setting.
KATA KUNCI: Motivasi belajar, Goal setting, Siswa
FORMULACIÓN PSICODINÁMICA DE CASO EN NIÑOS
Authors: Miller Delfina 
Published: December 2021

La Formulación psicodinámica y dimensional de caso en niños resultará de capital importancia en función de la dificultad que se nos presenta con frecuencia de hacer diagnósticos categoriales en el período de la vida más caracterizado por los cambios. Para hacerla tomaremos especialmente en cuenta el nivel de desarrollo, el entorno en el que crece el niño, su desempeño en diferentes ámbitos y su relacionamiento tanto con pares como con diversos cuidadores. Todos estos aspectos sufrirán cambios permanentes correspondientes al crecimiento del niño y a la lenta adquisición de lo que serán sus rasgos de personalidad que definirán su sentido de sí mismo. Estos elementos, especialmente el acelerado nivel de cambio, generan en muchas ocasiones una dificultad para definir un diagnóstico y más aún para diferenciar lo reactivo, lo intrapsiquico, lo relacional, por lo cual, enfatizando el nivel, las características y condiciones de funcionamiento, consideraremos la formulación clínica como una foto tomada en un momento determinado que nos servirá de referencia para siguientes evaluaciones. Pondremos el énfasis en las herramientas con las que cuenta el niño y en el efecto que el manejo de las mismas podrá tener en el desarrollo. Detallaremos la forma de sistematizar esta información y ofrecemos a la vez ejemplos y una guía de preguntas que nos orienten en su realización.