bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vakuumerzeugung mit integrierter Druckmessung
Authors: Schäfer Viola , Schopphoff Andreas 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungIn der Vakuumtechnologie werden Vakuumerzeugung und Vakuumdruckmessung als zwei komplett unterschiedliche Systeme betrachtet. In einigen wenigen vakuumtechnischen Komponenten werden beide Aspekte jedoch in einer Komponente zusammengeführt. So kann eine Ionengetterpumpe nicht nur Vakuum erzeugen, sondern auch – ähnlich wie eine Kaltkathodenionisationsvakuumröhre – den Vakuumdruck detektieren.Zwar lässt sich auch zwischen einer Turbopumpe und einem Spinning Rotor Gauge eine Analogie herstellen, in diesem Falle handelt es sich aber bestenfalls um eine Druckindikation und nicht um eine Vakuumdruckmessung.Dabei können mit den heutigen leistungsfähigen Turbopumpen‐Elektroniken einfache Vakuumtransmitter betrieben werden. Insbesondere für Anwendungen, bei denen kleinste Baugrößen und die Bedienung über eine einzige Schnittstelle nötig sind, kann die Integration von Vakuumdruckmessung in Vakuumerzeugung sehr sinnvoll sein.Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt Möglichkeiten einer kompakten Integration der Druckmessung für Turbomolekularpumpen mit Dragstufe auf und bewertet die Aussagekraft einer Druckmessung am Flutanschluss.
Towards an M5-brane model. Part III. Self-duality from additional trivial fields
Authors: Rist Dominik , Saemann Christian , van der Worp Miró 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We present a six-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (1, 0) supersymmetric higher gauge theory in which self-duality is consistently implemented by physically trivial additional fields. The action contains both $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (1, 0) tensor and vector multiplets and is non-trivially interacting. The tensor multiplet part is loosely related to a recently proposed action by Sen that leads to on-shell self-duality in an elegant way. As we also show, Sen’s action finds a very natural and direct interpretation from a homotopy algebraic perspective.
Extended neuromonitoring in aortic arch surgery
Authors: Thudium Marcus , Kornilov Evgeniya , Hilbert Tobias , Coburn Mark , Gestrich Christopher 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Aortic arch repair for aortic dissection is still associated with a high mortality rate. Providing adequate means of neuromonitoring to guide cerebral hemodynamics is advantageous, especially during selective anterior cerebral perfusion (SACP).

Objective
We aimed to investigate an easy multimodal neuromonitoring set-up consisting of processed electroencephalography (EEG), near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and transcranial doppler sonography (TCD).

Material and methods
We collected intraoperative data from six patients undergoing surgery for aortic dissection. In addition to standard hemodynamic monitoring, patients underwent continuous bilateral NIRS, processed EEG with bispectral index (BIS), and intermittent transcranial doppler sonography of the medial cerebral artery (MCA) with a standard B‑mode ultrasound device. Doppler measurements were taken bilaterally before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), during CPB, and during SACP at regular intervals.

Results
Of the patients four survived without neurological deficits while two suffered fatal outcomes. Of the survivors two suffered from transient postoperative delirium. Multimodal monitoring led to a change in CPB flow or cannula repositioning in three patients. Left-sided mean flow velocities of the MCA decreased during SACP, as did BIS values.

Conclusion
Monitoring consisting of BIS, NIRS, and TCD may have an impact on hemodynamic management in aortic arch operations.
Analysis and performance evaluation of a three-phase sparse neutral point clamped converter for industrial variable speed drives
Authors: Cittanti Davide , Guacci Mattia , Mirić Spasoje , Bojoi Radu , Kolar Johann Walter 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper analyzes the operation and characterizes the performance of a three-phase three-level (3-L) Sparse Neutral Point Clamped converter (SNPCC) for industrial variable speed drives (VSDs). The operating principle of the SNPCC, which advantageously employs a lower number of power transistors than a conventional 3-L inverter, is described in detail, focusing on the AC-side differential-mode and common-mode voltage formation and on the DC-side mid-point current generation processes. The degrees of freedom in the SNPCC modulation scheme are defined and several switching sequences are investigated. Afterwards, the stresses on the active and passive components (e.g. semiconductor losses, machine phase current ripple, DC-link capacitor RMS current, etc.) are calculated by analytical and/or numerical means, enabling a straightforward performance comparison among the identified switching sequences. The most suited modulation strategy for VSD applications is then selected and a chip area sizing procedure, aimed at minimizing the total semiconductor chip size, is applied to a 800V 7.5kW three-phase system. The performance limits of the designed SNPCC are evaluated and finally compared to the ones of conventional 2-L and 3-L solutions, highlighting the promising cost/performance trade-off of the analyzed topology.
Cyclotomic numerical semigroup polynomials with at most two irreducible factors
Authors: Borzì Alessio , Herrera-Poyatos Andrés , Moree Pieter 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA numerical semigroup S is cyclotomic if its semigroup polynomial $$\mathrm {P}_S$$

P
S

is a product of cyclotomic polynomials. The number of irreducible factors of $$\mathrm {P}_S$$

P
S

(with multiplicity) is the polynomial length $$\ell (S)$$

ℓ
(
S
)

of S. We show that a cyclotomic numerical semigroup is complete intersection if $$\ell (S)\le 2$$

ℓ
(
S
)
≤
2

. This establishes a particular case of a conjecture of Ciolan et al. (SIAM J Discrete Math 30(2):650–668, 2016) claiming that every cyclotomic numerical semigroup is complete intersection. In addition, we investigate the relation between $$\ell (S)$$

ℓ
(
S
)

and the embedding dimension of S.
Efficient production of long double-stranded RNAs applicable to agricultural pest control by Corynebacterium glutamicum equipped with coliphage T7-expression system
Authors: Hashiro Shuhei , Chikami Yasuhiko , Kawaguchi Haruka , Krylov Alexander A. , Niimi Teruyuki , Yasueda Hisashi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
RNA-based pesticides exert their function by suppressing the expression of an essential gene in the target pest through RNA interference caused by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Here, we selected target genes for growth suppression of the solanaceous crop pests ladybird beetle (Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata) and Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata)-the death-associated inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 gene (diap1), and an orthologous gene of the COPI coatomer protein complex (copI), respectively. We constructed a cost-competitive overproduction system for dsRNA using Corynebacterium glutamicum as a host bacterium. The dsRNA expression unit was equipped with two sets of promoters and terminators derived from coliphage T7, and the convergent expression system was designed to be selectively transcribed by T7 RNA polymerase. This expression system efficiently overproduced both target dsRNAs. On culture in a jar fermentor, the yield of diap1-targeting dsRNA (approximately 360 bp) was > 1 g per liter of culture. Long-chain diap1-targeting dsRNAs (up to around 1 kbp) could be produced without a substantial loss of efficiency. dsRNA accumulated in C. glutamicum significantly suppressed larval growth of H. vigintioctopunctata. The dsRNA expression technology developed here is expected to substantially reduce dsRNA production costs. Our method can be applied for a wide range of industrial uses, including agricultural pest control.

Key points
• Overexpression of dsRNA was achieved in C. glutamicum using a coliphage T7 system.
• The best strain produced > 1 g/L of the target dsRNA species, for use as an insecticide.
• The developed system efficiently produced long dsRNA species, up to ~ 1 kbp.
Precision, Applicability, and Economic Implications: A Comparison of Alternative Biodiversity Offset Indexes
Authors: Kangas Johanna , Kullberg Peter , Pekkonen Minna , Kotiaho Janne S. , Ollikainen Markku 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe rates of ecosystem degradation and biodiversity loss are alarming and current conservation efforts are not sufficient to stop them. The need for new tools is urgent. One approach is biodiversity offsetting: a developer causing habitat degradation provides an improvement in biodiversity so that the lost ecological value is compensated for. Accurate and ecologically meaningful measurement of losses and estimation of gains are essential in reaching the no net loss goal or any other desired outcome of biodiversity offsetting. The chosen calculation method strongly influences biodiversity outcomes. We compare a multiplicative method, which is based on a habitat condition index developed for measuring the state of ecosystems in Finland to two alternative approaches for building a calculation method: an additive function and a simpler matrix tool. We examine the different logic of each method by comparing the resulting trade ratios and examine the costs of offsetting for developers, which allows us to compare the cost-effectiveness of different types of offsets. The results show that the outcomes of the calculation methods differ in many aspects. The matrix approach is not able to consider small changes in the ecological state. The additive method gives always higher biodiversity values compared to the multiplicative method. The multiplicative method tends to require larger trade ratios than the additive method when trade ratios are larger than one. Using scoring intervals instead of using continuous components may increase the difference between the methods. In addition, the calculation methods have differences in dealing with the issue of substitutability.
Consideration of cyclic hardening and residual stresses in fatigue life calculations with the local strain approach
Authors: Kühne David , Spak Boris , Kästner Markus , Brosius Alexander , Fiedler Melanie 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe local strain approach (LSA) is an established concept to calculate the fatigue life of mechanical components for failure criterion crack initiation in several fields of engineering. In an elastic static finite element simulation, the critical stress state is detected and forms the basis for an elastic–plastic fatigue calculation with the LSA in a post-processing routine. This paper introduces extension options of the LSA to consider the influences of forming processes on the fatigue life of components.
Analysing factorizations of action-value networks for cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning
Authors: Castellini Jacopo , Oliehoek Frans A. , Savani Rahul , Whiteson Shimon 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRecent years have seen the application of deep reinforcement learning techniques to cooperative multi-agent systems, with great empirical success. However, given the lack of theoretical insight, it remains unclear what the employed neural networks are learning, or how we should enhance their learning power to address the problems on which they fail. In this work, we empirically investigate the learning power of various network architectures on a series of one-shot games. Despite their simplicity, these games capture many of the crucial problems that arise in the multi-agent setting, such as an exponential number of joint actions or the lack of an explicit coordination mechanism. Our results extend those in Castellini et al. (Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and MultiAgent Systems, AAMAS’19.International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, pp 1862–1864, 2019) and quantify how well various approaches can represent the requisite value functions, and help us identify the reasons that can impede good performance, like sparsity of the values or too tight coordination requirements.
Adaptive mitigation strategies hedge against extreme climate futures
Authors: Marangoni Giacomo , Lamontagne Jonathan R. , Quinn Julianne D. , Reed Patrick M. , Keller Klaus 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change agreed to “strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change, in the context of sustainable development and efforts to eradicate poverty” (UNFCCC 2015). Designing a global mitigation strategy to support this goal poses formidable challenges. For one, there are trade-offs between the economic costs and the environmental benefits of averting climate impacts. Furthermore, the coupled human-Earth systems are subject to deep and dynamic uncertainties. Previous economic analyses typically addressed either the former, introducing multiple objectives, or the latter, making mitigation actions responsive to new information. This paper aims at bridging these two separate strands of literature. We demonstrate how information feedback from observed global temperature changes can jointly improve the economic and environmental performance of mitigation strategies. We focus on strategies that maximize discounted expected utility while also minimizing warming above 2 °C, damage costs, and mitigation costs. Expanding on the Dynamic Integrated Climate-Economy (DICE) model and previous multi-objective efforts, we implement closed-loop control strategies, map the emerging trade-offs and quantify the value of the temperature information feedback under both well-characterized and deep climate uncertainties. Adaptive strategies strongly reduce high regrets, guarding against mitigation overspending for less sensitive climate futures, and excessive warming for more sensitive ones.
Calmness and Calculus: Two Basic Patterns
Authors: Benko Matúš , Mehlitz Patrick 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe establish two types of estimates for generalized derivatives of set-valued mappings which carry the essence of two basic patterns observed throughout the pile of calculus rules. These estimates also illustrate the role of the essential assumptions that accompany these two patters, namely calmness on the one hand and (fuzzy) inner calmness* on the other. Afterwards, we study the relationship between and sufficient conditions for the various notions of (inner) calmness. The aforementioned estimates are applied in order to recover several prominent calculus rules for tangents and normals as well as generalized derivatives of marginal functions and compositions as well as Cartesian products of set-valued mappings under mild conditions. We believe that our enhanced approach puts the overall generalized calculus into some other light. Some applications of our findings are presented which exemplary address necessary optimality conditions for minimax optimization problems as well as the calculus related to the recently introduced semismoothness* property.
Effect of an eHealth intervention on older adults’ quality of life and health-related outcomes: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Gustafson David H. , Kornfield Rachel , Mares Marie-Louise , Johnston Darcie C. , Cody Olivia J. , Yang Ellie Fan , Gustafson David H. , Hwang Juwon , Mahoney Jane E. , Curtin John J. , Tahk Alexander , Shah Dhavan V. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundBy 2030, the number of US adults age ≥65 will exceed 70 million. Their quality of life has been declared a national priority by the US government.ObjectiveAssess effects of an eHealth intervention for older adults on quality of life, independence, and related outcomes.DesignMulti-site, 2-arm (1:1), non-blinded randomized clinical trial. Recruitment November 2013 to May 2015; data collection through November 2016.SettingThree Wisconsin communities (urban, suburban, and rural).ParticipantsPurposive community-based sample, 390 adults age ≥65 with health challenges. Exclusions: long-term care, inability to get out of bed/chair unassisted.InterventionAccess (vs. no access) to interactive website (ElderTree) designed to improve quality of life, social connection, and independence.MeasuresPrimary outcome: quality of life (PROMIS Global Health). Secondary: independence (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living); social support (MOS Social Support); depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-8); falls prevention (Falls Behavioral Scale). Moderation: healthcare use (Medical Services Utilization). Both groups completed all measures at baseline, 6, and 12 months.ResultsThree hundred ten participants (79%) completed the 12-month survey. There were no main effects of ElderTree over time. Moderation analyses indicated that among participants with high primary care use, ElderTree (vs. control) led to better trajectories for mental quality of life (OR=0.32, 95% CI 0.10–0.54,P=0.005), social support received (OR=0.17, 95% CI 0.05–0.29,P=0.007), social support provided (OR=0.29, 95% CI 0.13–0.45,P<0.001), and depression (OR= −0.20, 95% CI −0.39 to −0.01,P=0.034). Supplemental analyses suggested ElderTree may be more effective among people with multiple (vs. 0 or 1) chronic conditions.LimitationsOnce randomized, participants were not blind to the condition; self-reports may be subject to memory bias.ConclusionInterventions like ET may help improve quality of life and socio-emotional outcomes among older adults with more illness burden. Our next study focuses on this population.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov; registration ID number: NCT02128789
A proposal of a 3D segmentation tool for HBIM management
Authors: Barrile Vincenzo , Fotia Antonino 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThere are several studies related to the cultural heritage digitization through HBIM (Heritage Building Information Modelling) techniques. Today, BIM (Building Information Modelling) software cannot represent old buildings with complex prominent and particularly detailed architecture perfectly, and multiple software are combined to obtain the buildings’ representation. In this paper, in order to find an alternative way of replicating the complex details present in antique buildings, a new methodology is presented. The methodology is based on a process of direct insertion of various 3D model parts (.obj), into a BIM environment. These 3D model elements, coming from the points cloud segmentation (from UAV and Laser Scanner), are transformed in intelligent objects and interconnected to form the smart model. The methodology allows to represent detail of the objects that make up an element of cultural heritage, although not standardizable in shape. Although this methodology allows to ensure a perfect reconstruction and digital preservation and to represent the different “defects” that represent and make unique a particular object of cultural heritage, it is not however fast compared with the traditional phases of point cloud tracing and more software are necessary for data processing. The proposed methodology was tested on two specific structures’ reconstruction in Reggio Calabria (South Italy): the Sant’Antonio Abate church and the Vitrioli’s portal.
The ethics of shared Covid-19 risks: an epistemological framework for ethical health technology assessment of risk in vaccine supply chain infrastructures
Authors: Radanliev Petar , De Roure David , Ani Uchenna , Carvalho Graca 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article addresses the topic of shared responsibilities in supply chains, with a specific focus on the application of the Internet of Things (IoT) in e-health environments, and Industry 4.0 issues—concerning data security, privacy, reliability and management, data mining and knowledge exchange as well as health prevention. In this article, we critically review methodologies and guidelines that have been proposed to approach these ethical aspects in digital supply chain settings. The emerging framework presents new findings on how digital technologies affect vaccine shared supply chain systems. Through epistemological analysis, the article derives new insights for transparency and accountability of supply chain cyber risk from Internet of Things systems. This research devises a framework for ethical awareness, assessment, transparency and accountability of the emerging cyber risk from integrating IoT technologies on shared Covid-19 healthcare supply chain infrastructure.
Comparative study of AQP4-NMOSD, MOGAD and seronegative NMOSD: a single-center Belgian cohort
Authors: Dauby Solène , Dive Dominique , Lutteri Laurence , Andris Cécile , Hansen Isabelle , Maquet Pierre , Lommers Emilie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To emphasize physio-pathological, clinical and prognosis differences between conditions causing serious and sometimes very similar clinical manifestations: anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies related diseases, and seronegative NMOSD (neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders).

Methods
Based on Wingerchuk et al. (Neurology 85:177–189, 2015) criteria for NMOSD and on those more recently proposed by Jarius et al. (J Neuroinflammation 15:134, 2018) for MOGAD (MOG associated disorders), we retrospectively surveyed 10 AQP4-NMOSD, 8 MOGAD and 2 seronegative NMOSD, followed at the specialized neuroimmunology unit of the CHU Liège.

Results
Female predominance was only observed in AQP4 group. Age at onset was 37.8 and 27.7 years old for AQP4-NMOSD and MOGAD respectively. In both groups, the first clinical event most often consisted of optic neuritis (ON), followed by isolated myelitis. Fifteen of our 20 patients encountered a relapsing course with 90% relapses in AQP4-NMOSD, 62.5% in MOGAD and 50% in seronegative group, and a mean period between first and second clinical event of 7.1 and 4.8 months for AQP4-NMOSD and MOGAD, respectively. In total we counted 54 ON, with more ON per patient in MOGAD. MOG-associated ON mainly affected the anterior part of the optic nerve with a papilledema in 79.2% of cases. Despite a fairly good visual outcome after MOG-associated ON, retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness decreased, suggesting a fragility of the optic nerve toward further attacks.

Conclusion
As observed in larger cohorts, our MOGAD and AQP4-NMOSD cases differ by clinical and prognostic features. A better understanding of these diseases should encourage prompt biological screening and hasten proper diagnosis and treatment.
Continuous Intraoperative Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring: Techniques, Applications, and Controversies
Authors: Staubitz Julia I. , Musholt Thomas J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Purpose of the present review is to illustrate the current state of the art concerning continuous intraoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring (cIONM) for thyroid surgery.

Recent Findings
cIONM potentially leads to an improved postoperative vocal cord palsy rate, compared to the intermittent technique. There are currently two main approaches for cIONM: either conventional cIONM based on vagal nerve stimulation or experimental methods, which do not require the positioning of a vagal nerve electrode. One of these methods is the recently described technique “LAR-cIONM,” which utilizes the laryngeal adductor reflex.

Summary
cIONM represents an advancement of intermittent nerve monitoring, which allows for an immediate reaction to signal changes. Threshold values and guidelines to prevent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy were validated for the direct stimulation of the vagal nerve and require verification for alterative cIONM methods, including LAR-cIONM.