bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Content analysis of cannabis vaping videos on YouTube
Authors: Lim Carmen C. W. , Leung Janni , Chung Jack Yiu Chak , Sun Tianze , Gartner Coral , Connor Jason , Hall Wayne , Chiu Vivian , Tisdale Calvert , Stjepanović Daniel , Chan Gary 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsThere has been an increase in the potency of cannabis during the last two decades and adoption of a novel method of administration—vaping. YouTube, a social media platform, has become a popular source to access cannabis‐related information. This study aimed to identify cannabis vaping YouTube videos from 2016 to 2020 and examine the themes and metrics.DesignCross‐sectional sample of 200 YouTube videos.SettingYouTube, an on‐line video sharing platform.MeasurementsVideos related to cannabis vaping were identified using the search terms: ‘vaping cannabis’, ‘vaping weed’, ‘vaping marijuana’ and ‘vaping THC’ [tetrahydrocannabinol]. Videos were independently coded by two researchers. The number of views, likes, dislikes and comments were also collected. Robust regression was used to analyse the relationship between identified video themes and video metrics.FindingsSix themes were identified: ‘advertisement’, ‘product review’, ‘celebratory’, ‘reflective’, ‘how‐to’ and ‘warning’. The ‘how‐to’ and ‘celebratory’ videos received the highest number of views and likes. The most popular video was viewed more than 4 000 000 times. Many videos portrayed risky behaviour (e.g. vaping a whole THC cartridge in a single setting). Fifty‐two percent of these videos had no age access restrictions. The robust regression model also found that engagement metric was positively associated with ‘reflective’ videos and negatively associated with ‘advertisement’ videos.ConclusionsA large number of videos on cannabis vaping are available on‐line without age‐restriction. Videos that portrayed risky behaviour appear to be prevalent.
Modelling the number of avoidable new cancer cases in France attributable to alcohol consumption by following official recommendations: a simulation study
Authors: Ren Yan , Chase Earl , d'Almeida Tania , Allègre Julien , Latino‐Martel Paule , Deschamps Valérie , Arwidson Pierre , Etilé Fabrice , Hercberg Serge , Touvier Mathilde , Julia Chantal 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimsTo predict the effects of perfect adherence to the French alcohol consumption guidelines, a maximum of 10 standard alcoholic drinks per week with no more than two standard alcoholic drinks per day, during a 36‐year period (2014–50).DesignThis simulation study is an adaption of the Sheffield Alcohol Policy Model. The dose–response relationship between alcohol consumption and alcohol‐attributable cancer risks was defined by cancer site‐specific risk functions, each modelled as a continuous risk. These estimates were used to compute the potential impact fraction (PIF) associated with alcohol consumption by cancer site.SettingThe French general adult population during a 36‐year period (2014–50).ParticipantsFor the baseline scenario, the current distribution of consumption levels, the counterfactual scenario and perfect adherence to the French alcohol consumption guidelines, we generated for each gender and age group 1000 randomly distributed alcohol consumption values from calibrated group‐specific gamma distribution.MeasurementsThe predicted number of new cancer cases among men and women in France between 2015 and 2050 that could have been prevented by following the French government's alcohol consumption guidelines.FindingsThe simulation predicted that perfect adherence to the French government's alcohol consumption guidelines would prevent, on average, an estimated 15 952 cancer cases per year after the PIF reached its full effect, which would have represented 4.5% of new cancer cases in 2015. The number of averted cancer cases over the study period were highest for oral cavity, oropharynx and hypopharynx cancer (respectively, 118 462, 95% CI = 113 803–123 022 and 11 167, 95% CI = 10 149–12 229] for men and women; liver and intrahepatic bile ducts cancer (123 447, 95% CI = 112 581–133 404 and 2825, 95% CI = 2208,4095); colorectal cancer (89 859, 95% CI = 84 651–95 355 and 12 847, 95% CI = 11 545–14 245); and female breast cancer (61 649, 95% CI = 56 330–67 452).ConclusionThis simulation study of the French general population predicted that perfect adherence to the French government's alcohol consumption guidelines (no more than 10 standard alcoholic drinks per week and two per day) would prevent almost 16 000 cancer cases per year.
A population‐based combination strategy to improve the cervical cancer screening coverage rate in Bamako, Mali
Authors: Téguété Ibrahima , Tounkara Fatoumata K. , Diawara Broulaye , Traoré Sidy , Koné Diakaridia , Bagayogo Aliou , Sissoko Abdoulaye , Traoré Cheick B. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionCervical cancer screening coverage rate is <5% in Sub‐Saharan Africa and <2% in French‐ speaking African countries. In 2016, we implemented strategies to improve cervical cancer screening in Bamako, the “Weekend70 program”. The present study objectives are to determine the effect of this program on women’s participation in cervical cancer screening in Bamako, and to estimate the cervical cancer screening coverage rate in Bamako.Material and methodsFrom 1 January 2016 to 31 July 2020, we conducted an operational research by developing several strategies to improve the cervical cancer screening coverage rate among adolescents and women ≥15 years old in Bamako, Mali. The strategies consisted of awareness‐raising activities, strengthening of screening practices in healthcare facilities and cost‐free cervical cancer screening during the weekend. Descriptive statistics were presented. The cervical cancer coverage rate was calculated by dividing the number of women screened by the total number of women ≥20 years old, based on Mali demographic data.ResultsThe total number of women screened was 289 924. Residents from Bamako represented 91.9% (266 436/289 924) vs 8.1% (23 488/289 924) who lived outside Bamako. The mean age was 33.2 (± 11.5) years old. Around 46.1% of participants attending the cervical cancer screening were between 30 and 49 years old (World Health Organization prioritized target age for cervical cancer screening). Women ≥60 years old represented <5%. Cervical cancer screening participation increased significantly, from <800 women screened per week before the implementation of the program to a peak of 4100 women screened per week during the “Weekend70 program”. Overall, the cervical cancer screening coverage rates at the end of the study among women ≥20 years old was 47.3%, and 56.9% in the WHO target population.ConclusionIn an impoverished context, a multi‐component strategy significantly increases cervical cancer screening participation.
A high gas transfer efficiency microfluidic oxygenator for extracorporeal respiratory assist applications in critical care medicine
Authors: Gimbel Alla A. , Hsiao James C. , Kim Ernest S. , Lewis Diana J. , Risoleo Thomas F. , Urban Joseph N. , Borenstein Jeffrey T. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAdvances in microfluidics technologies have spurred the development of a new generation of microfluidic respiratory assist devices, constructed using microfabrication techniques capable of producing microchannel dimensions similar to those found in human capillaries and gas transfer films in the same thickness range as the alveolar membrane. These devices have been tested in laboratory settings and in some cases in extracorporeal animal experiments, yet none have been advanced to human clinical studies. A major challenge in the development of microfluidic oxygenators is the difficulty in scaling the technology toward high blood flows necessary to support adult humans; such scaling efforts are often limited by the complexity of the fabrication process and the manner in which blood is distributed in a three‐dimensional network of microchannels. Conceptually, a central advantage of microfluidic oxygenators over existing hollow‐fiber membrane‐based configurations is the potential for shallower channels and thinner gas transfer membranes, features that reduce oxygen diffusion distances, to result in a higher gas transfer efficiency defined as the ratio of the volume of oxygen transferred to the blood per unit time to the active surface area of the gas transfer membrane. If this ratio is not significantly higher than values reported for hollow fiber membrane oxygenators (HFMO), then the expected advantage of the microfluidic approach would not be realized in practice, potentially due to challenges encountered in blood distribution strategies when scaling microfluidic designs to higher flow rates. Here, we report on scaling of a microfluidic oxygenator design from 4 to 92 mL/min blood flow, within an order of magnitude of the flow rate required for neonatal applications. This scaled device is shown to have a gas transfer efficiency higher than any other reported system in the literature, including other microfluidic prototypes and commercial HFMO cartridges. While the high oxygen transfer efficiency is a promising advance toward clinical scaling of a microfluidic architecture, it is accompanied by an excessive blood pressure drop in the circuit, arising from a combination of shallow gas transfer channels and equally shallow distribution manifolds. Therefore, next‐generation microfluidic oxygenators will require novel design and fabrication strategies to minimize pressure drops while maintaining very high oxygen transfer efficiencies.
EMBRACE: An EM‐based bias reduction approach through Copas‐model estimation for quantifying the evidence of selective publishing in network meta‐analysis
Authors: Marks‐Anglin Arielle , Luo Chongliang , Piao Jin , Gibbons Mary Beth Connolly , Schmid Christopher H. , Ning Jing , Chen Yong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSystematic reviews and meta‐analyses synthesize results from well‐conducted studies to optimize healthcare decision‐making. Network meta‐analysis (NMA) is particularly useful for improving precision, drawing new comparisons, and ranking multiple interventions. However, recommendations can be misled if published results are a selective sample of what has been collected by trialists, particularly when publication status is related to the significance of the findings. Unfortunately, the missing‐not‐at‐random nature of this problem and the numerous parameters involved in modeling NMAs pose unique computational challenges to quantifying and correcting for publication bias, such that sensitivity analysis is used in practice. Motivated by this important methodological gap, we developed a novel and stable expectation‐maximization (EM) algorithm to correct for publication bias in the network setting. We validate the method through simulation studies and show that it achieves substantial bias reduction in small to moderately sized NMAs. We also calibrate the method against a Bayesian analysis of a published NMA on antiplatlet therapies for maintaining vascular patency.
Ruxolitinib‐combined doxorubicin‐etoposide‐methylprednisolone regimen as a salvage therapy for refractory/relapsed haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a single‐arm, multicentre, phase 2 trial
Authors: Wang Jingshi , Zhang Rui , Wu Xiaoyan , Li Fei , Yang Haixia , Liu Ligen , Guo Haixia , Zhang Xuejun , Mai Huirong , Li Hui , Wang Zhao 
Published: February 2021

SummaryWe performed a multicentre, non‐randomised trial (NCT03533790) to investigate the efficacy of ruxolitinib combined with the doxorubicin‐etoposide‐methylprednisolone (Ru‐DEP) regimen as a salvage therapy for refractory/relapsed haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). All patients failing to achieve a complete or partial response 2 weeks after initial HLH‐94/HLH‐04 regimen or relapsed after remission were enrolled in the study between June 2018 and June 2019. The efficacy was evaluated 2 weeks after initiating Ru‐DEP salvage therapy. Fifty‐four eligible patients with refractory/relapsed (R/R) HLH were enrolled. One case could not be evaluated for efficacy. Excluding 12 patients who had previously received the DEP regimen, the overall response rate was 32 of 41 (78·0%) patients, with eight of 41 (19·5%) achieving complete response and 24 of 41 (58·5%) attaining a partial response. Of the R/R HLH patients who had previously received the DEP regimen, 7 of 12 (58·3%) achieved a partial response. Ferritin and soluble CD25 concentrations were significantly lower (P < 0·05), while the platelet count increased significantly (P = 0·034), and triglycerides decreased significantly (P = 0·002) compared with those before treatment. The Ru‐DEP regimen may be a safe and effective salvage therapy, remaining effective in refractory/relapsed HLH following DEP treatment, especially in macrophage activation syndrome. In addition, the regimen can be considered for patients with contraindications to glucocorticoid, especially those with gastrointestinal bleeding.
Seed dispersal effectiveness by oilbirds (Steatornis caripensis) in the Southern Andes of Colombia
Authors: Cárdenas Sasha , Echeverry‐Galvis María Ángela , Stevenson Pablo R. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOilbirds are specialized frugivores that disperse seeds; however, no study has evaluated their seed dispersal effectiveness (SDE). We estimated SDE for nine plant species and tested if high‐altitude plants are more effectively dispersed than lowland species and if there are high SDE scores in non‐breeding periods of oilbirds. The quantity factor was estimated from seed rain data in the main cave of Cueva de Los Guacharos National Park (Colombia). The quality component considered germination chance, the probability that seeds reach suitable habitats (using data from GPS devices on three birds) and the probability of establishment in different habitats (literature review). Our model showed that the habitat with more seedrain was the cave (41%), followed by dense forest and mosaics of crops and forests (both ca. 20%). Seed germination was evidenced in 7 of the species, and the other two indicated viability (using tetrazolium tests). The most dispersed species corresponded to palms (Prestoea acuminata and Geonoma undata), but, in terms of biomass, P. acuminata and Dacryodes olivifera (Burseraceae) were the top species. D. olivifera, G. undata, and P. acuminata showed the highest SDE values. No relationship was found between the probability of arrival to suitable habitats and the altitudinal level of the species, but the oilbirds were more effective dispersing seeds in non‐breeding periods. Despite a large amount of seeds dropped at the caves, oilbirds disperse seed to suitable habitats, move seeds long distances, and disperse large seeds. As some of these ecosystem services are unique, oilbird's conservation seems imperative.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
W2476 represses TXNIP transcription via dephosphorylation of FOXO1 at Ser319
Authors: Zhong Li , Liu Qing , Liu Qiaofeng , Zhang Shikai , Cao Yongbing , Yang Dehua , Wang Ming‐Wei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThioredoxin‐interacting protein (TXNIP) overexpression is implicated in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Previous studies have shown that a small molecule compound (W2476) was able to improve β‐cell dysfunction and exert therapeutic effects in diabetic mice via repression of TXNIP signaling pathway. The impact of W2476 on TXNIP transcription was thus investigated using the chromatin immunoprecipitation method. It was found that W2476 promotes competitive binding of forkhead box O1 transcription factor (FOXO1) to the carbohydrate response element (ChoRE) sequence associated with ChoRE‐binding protein (ChREBP)/Mlx interacting protein‐like(Mlx) complexes. This interaction hinders the attachment of histone acetyltransferase p300 and reduces histone H4 acetylation on the TXNIP promoter, leading to decreasing TXNIP transcription.
Health professionals' views and experiences of discussing weight with children and their families: A systematic review of qualitative research
Authors: Abdin Shanara , Heath Gemma , Welch Richard K. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundHealthcare professionals are ideally placed to discuss weight management with children and families to treat and prevent childhood obesity. The aim of this review was to collect and synthesize primary research evidence relating to health professional's views and experiences of discussing weight with children and their families.MethodsSystematic searches were conducted using the following databases: MEDLINE (OVID), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE (OVID), PsycINFO (OVID) and Healthcare Management Information Consortium (HMIC). Twenty‐six full text qualitative studies published in English Language journals since inception to October 2019 were included. Papers were quality assessed and synthesized using an inductive thematic analysis approach.ResultsData analysis generated five themes: sensitivity of the issue, family–professional relationships, whole systems approach, professional competency and sociocultural context.ConclusionSupporting behaviour change through discussion of healthy weight with children and families is an important part of the health professional's role. Tailored information for professionals, including resources and training, facilitates them to confidently talk to children and families about weight prioritized within interventions. The success of such interventions requires commitment from a range of professionals to ensure healthy weight is tackled through a whole system approach.
The impact of a needs‐based model of care on accessibility and quality of care within children's mental health services: A qualitative investigation of the UK i‐THRIVE Programme
Authors: Farr Joanna , Moore Anna , Bruffell Hilary , Hayes Jacqueline , Rae John P. , Cooper Mick 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe i‐THRIVE Programme is a needs‐based model of care, based on the THRIVE Framework, that is being implemented across the United Kingdom with the aim of improving outcomes for children and young people's mental health and wellbeing. This study aimed to investigate the impact that this programme has on accessibility and quality of care, as viewed by key stakeholders.MethodsInterviews with professionals and service users were conducted during the implementation of the THRIVE Framework in four sites of one mental health and community service provider.ResultsThree themes are identified: ‘impact of needs‐based groupings on referral’, ‘impact of collaborative and interagency approach’ and ‘impact of i‐THRIVE on clinical practice’. Findings suggest that accessibility was seen to be promoted through the integration of a needs‐based approach, flexible re‐referral, signposting and information sharing, the use of goal‐orientated interventions and collaboration over risk and treatment endings. Shared decision making was perceived to improve the experience of care for young people, as was interagency working. Goal‐focused interventions and upfront discussion of treatment endings were seen to help clinicians manage expectations and discharge but could also compromise effectiveness and engagement. Obstacles to impact were resistance to interagency working and a shortage of resources across the system.Conclusionsi‐THRIVE is a promising approach with the potential to facilitate the accessibility and quality of mental health care. However, a tension exists between enhancing accessibility and quality of care, which points towards the importance of outcome and satisfaction monitoring. Obstacles to impact point to the importance of a whole‐system approach supported by sufficient resources across the locality.
Guidance on the clinical understanding and use of long‐acting injectable antipsychotics in Schizophrenia: Hong Kong Consensus Statements
Authors: Wong Michael Ming Cheuk , Chung Albert Kar Kin , Yeung Timothy Ming Hong , Wong David Tai Wai , Lee Che Kin , Lai Eric , Chan Gloria Fong Yeung , Mak Gregory Kai Lok , Wong Jessica Oi Yin , Ng Roger Man Kin , Mak Ki Yan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimsThere is increasing evidence showing the importance of long‐acting injectable antipsychotics in the management of schizophrenia, especially in terms of improving patient medication compliance. A panel of experienced clinicians in Hong Kong mapped out a set of consensus statements with an aim to facilitate the understanding and use of long‐acting injectable antipsychotics among local physicians.MethodsEight discussion areas regarding long‐acting injectable antipsychotics were selected by the chairman of the consensus group. A series of meetings were held for the panelists to discuss the published literature and their clinical experience, followed by the drafting of consensus statements. At the final meeting, each consensus statement was voted on anonymously by all members based on its practicability of recommendation in Hong Kong.ResultsA total of 12 consensus statements on the rational use of long‐acting injectable antipsychotics were established and accepted by the consensus group.ConclusionThe consensus statements aim to provide practical guidance for Hong Kong physicians on the use of long‐acting injectable antipsychotics in schizophrenia patients. These statements may also serve as a reference for doctors in other parts of the Asia–Pacific region.
Rear‐edge populations are important for understanding climate change risk and adaptation potential of threatened species
Authors: Habibzadeh Nader , Ghoddousi Arash , Bleyhl Benjamin , Kuemmerle Tobias 
Published: February 2021

AbstractClimate change disproportionately threatens alpine species, by reducing available habitat and by isolating their populations. These pressures are particularly relevant for rear‐edge populations, which typically occupy more marginal habitat compared to populations at the core of species' ranges. We studied Caucasian grouse Lyrurus mlokosiewiczi in the Caucasus ecoregion, a global biodiversity hotspot where this species is endemic, to understand potential climate change impacts on the species. Specifically, we assessed how climate change impacts rear‐edge populations and how important these populations are for understanding range shifts and adaptive capacity under climate change. We used maximum entropy modeling to assess changes in the distribution of climatically suitable habitat under present and 2070 climate conditions for the representative concentration pathways 8.5 (RCP8.5). Our results revealed that ignoring rear‐edge populations leads to a significant underestimation of the future range (by about 14,700 km2). Rear‐edge populations were better adapted to warmer climates compared to core populations, and ignoring them, therefore, also underestimates adaptive capacity. Preventing the loss of rear‐edge populations should, therefore, be a priority for conservation planning in the face of climate change. Because the Caucasian grouse is associated with alpine mountain tops, conservation should focus on establishing connectivity between rear‐edge and core populations (e.g., via transboundary corridors or assisted colonizations). Our study reveals how species distribution modeling can highlight the importance of rear‐edge populations for mitigating climate change impacts on species of conservation concern.