bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐invasive prenatal diagnosis for translocation carriers—YES please or NO go?
Authors: Srebniak Malgorzata I. , Jehee Fernanda S. , Joosten Marieke , Boter Marjan , de Valk Walter G. , van der Helm Robert , Sistermans Erik A. , Voorhoeve Els , Bhola Shama , Hoffer Mariette J. V. , den Hollander Nicolette , Macville Merryn V. E. , Van Opstal Diane 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe presence of an unbalanced familial translocation can be reliably assessed in the cytotrophoblast of chorionic villi. However, carriers of a balanced translocation often decline invasive testing. This study aimed to investigate whether an unbalanced translocation can also be diagnosed in cell free DNA by whole‐genome non‐invasive prenatal screening (NIPS).Material and methodsPregnant women carrying a fetus with an unbalanced familial translocation, for whom NIPS as well as microarray data were available, were included in this retrospective assessment. NIPS was performed in the course of the TRIDENT study.ResultsIn 12 cases, both NIPS and microarray data were available. In 10 of 12 cases the unbalanced translocation was correctly identified by NIPS without prior knowledge on parental translocation. One was missed because the fetal fraction was too low. One was missed because of technical restrictions in calling 16p gains.ConclusionsThis study supports the hypothesis that routine NIPS may be used for prenatal diagnosis of unbalanced inheritance of familial translocations, especially with prior knowledge of the translocation allowing focused examination of the involved chromosomal regions. Our study showed that routine shallow sequencing designed for aneuploidy detection in cell free DNA may be sufficient for higher resolution NIPS, if specialized copy number software is used and if sufficient fetal fraction is present.
Diabetic retinopathy and visual impairment in a Norwegian diabetic coast population with a high dietary intake of fish oils. An observational study
Authors: Alsbirk Knud Erik , Seland Johan Harald , Assmus Jörg 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTPurposeTo present retinal and visual findings in a Norwegian west coast diabetic population and to elucidate the effect of dietary intake of marine polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR).MethodsIn an eye practice in an archipelago of 314 km², serving a population of about 40 000, we recorded the prevalence of visual impairment and DR in a referred diabetic population. 510 consecutive patients were included, 238 females and 272 males. 50 patients had type I and 460 had type II diabetes mellitus (DM). Self‐reported medication, diet supplements, HbA1c and fish consumption were registered.ResultsIn the type I group, the median age was 44.5 and median DM duration 11.5 years [1–44]. 48% had photographic evidence of DR, 8 patients (16%) had proliferative retinopathy (PDR), and 6 patients (12%) had diabetic macular oedema (DME). All had best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 0.5 (log MAR 0.3) or better in the best eye. In the type II group, the median DM duration was 8 years [1–53], and median age was 66. 98% had best eye BCVA at or better than 0.5 (log MAR 0.3) in the best eye.ConclusionNone of the 510 patients had BCVA worse than 0.3 (log MAR 0.48) due to diabetic retinopathy. Compared to similar studies, we found a very low visual impairment rate. A possible protective effect of PUFA on the prevalence and progression of diabetic microangiopathy including retinopathy is discussed.
Oxygen for the delivery room respiratory support of moderate‐to‐late preterm infants. An international survey of clinical practice from 21 countries
Authors: Sotiropoulos James X. , Kapadia Vishal , Vento Maximo , Rabi Yacov , Saugstad Ola D. , Kumar R. Kishore , Schmölzer Georg M. , Zhang Huyan , Yuan Yuan , Lim Gina , Kusuda Satoshi , Arimitsu Takeshi , Nguyen Tinh Thu , Kitsommart Ratchada , Yeo Kee Thai , Oei Ju Lee 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine clinician opinion regarding oxygen management in moderate‐late preterm resuscitation.MethodsAn anonymous online questionnaire was distributed through email/social messaging platforms to neonatologists in 21 countries (October 2020‐March 2021) via REDCap.ResultsOf the 695 respondents, 69% had access to oxygen blenders and 90% had pulse oximeters. Respondents from high‐income countries were more likely to have oxygen blenders than those from middle‐income countries (72% vs. 66%). Most initiated respiratory support with FiO2 0.21 (43%) or 0.3 (36%) but only 45% titrated FiO2 to target SpO2. Most (89%) considered heart rate as a more important indicator of response than SpO2. Almost all (96%) supported the need for well‐designed trials to examine oxygenation in moderate‐late preterm resuscitation.ConclusionMost clinicians resuscitated moderate‐late preterm infants with lower initial FiO2 but some cannot/will not target SpO2 or titrate FiO2. Most consider heart rate as a more important indicator of infant response than SpO2.Large and robust clinical trials examining oxygen use for moderate‐late preterm resuscitation, including long‐term neurodevelopmental outcomes, are supported amongst clinicians.
Review Article: vaccination for patients with inflammatory bowel disease during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Doherty Jayne , Fennessy Sean , Stack Roisin , O’ Morain Neil , Cullen Garret , Ryan Elizabeth J. , De Gascun Cillian , Doherty Glen A. 
Published: September 2021

SummaryBackgroundPoor immune responses are frequently observed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) receiving established vaccines; risk factors include immunosuppressants and active disease.AimsTo summarise available information regarding immune responses achieved in patients with IBD receiving established vaccines. Using this information, to identify risk factors in the IBD population related to poor vaccine‐induced immunity that may be applicable to vaccines against COVID‐19.MethodsWe undertook a literature review on immunity to currently recommended vaccines for patients with IBD and to COVID‐19 vaccines and summarised the relevant literature.ResultsPatients with IBD have reduced immune responses following vaccination compared to the general population. Factors including the use of immunomodulators and anti‐TNF agents reduce response rates. Patients with IBD should be vaccinated against COVID‐19 at the earliest opportunity as recommended by International Advisory Committees, and vaccination should not be deferred because a patient is receiving immune‐modifying therapies. Antibody titres to COVID‐19 vaccines appear to be reduced in patients receiving anti‐TNF therapy, especially in combination with immunomodulators after one vaccination. Therefore, we should optimise any established risk factors that could impact response to vaccination in patients with IBD before vaccination.ConclusionsIdeally, patients with IBD should be vaccinated at the earliest opportunity against COVID‐19. Patients should be in remission and, if possible, have their corticosteroid dose minimised before vaccination. Further research is required to determine the impact of different biologics on vaccine response to COVID‐19 and the potential for booster vaccines or heterologous prime‐boost vaccinations in the IBD population.
Vedolizumab clearance in neonates, susceptibility to infections and developmental milestones: a prospective multicentre population‐based cohort study
Authors: Julsgaard Mette , Baumgart Daniel C. , Baunwall Simon M. D. , Hansen Mette M. , Grosen Anne , Bibby Bo M. , Uldbjerg Niels , Kjeldsen Jens , Sørensen Heidi G. , Larsen Lone , Wildt Signe , Weimers Petra , Haderslev Kent V. , Vind Ida , Svenningsen Lise , Brynskov Jørn , Lyhne Søren , Vestergaard Thea , Hvas Christian L. , Kelsen Jens ,   for the NOVA Study Group
Published: September 2021

SummaryBackgroundLittle is known about the consequences of intrauterine exposure to, and the post‐natal clearance of, vedolizumab.AimsTo investigate the levels of vedolizumab in umbilical cord blood of newborns and rates of clearance after birth, as well as how these correlated with maternal drug levels, risk of infection and developmental milestones during the first year of lifeMethodsVedolizumab‐treated pregnant women with inflammatory bowel disease were prospectively recruited from 12 hospitals in Denmark and Canada in 2016‐2020. Demographics were collected from medical records. Infant developmental milestones were evaluated by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ‐3). Vedolizumab levels were measured at delivery and, in infants, every third month until clearance. Non‐linear regression analysis was applied to estimate clearance.ResultsIn 50 vedolizumab‐exposed pregnancies, we observed 43 (86%) live births, seven (14%) miscarriages, no congenital malformations and low risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Median infant:mother vedolizumab ratio at birth was 0.44 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.32‐0.56). The mean time to vedolizumab clearance in infants was 3.8 months (95% CI, 3.1‐4.4). No infant had detectable levels of vedolizumab at 6 months of age. Developmental milestones at 12 months were normal or above average. Neither vedolizumab exposure in the third trimester (RR 0.54, 95% CI, 0.28‐1.03) nor combination therapy with thiopurines (RR 1.29, 95% CI, 0.60‐2.77) seemed to increase the risk of infections in the offspring.ConclusionsNeonatal vedolizumab clearance following intrauterine exposure is rapid. Infant vedolizumab levels did not correlate with the risk of infections during the first year of life. Continuation of vedolizumab throughout pregnancy is safe.
Targeting of cancer cell death mechanisms by curcumin: Implications to cancer therapy
Authors: Yu Chong , Yang Bo , Najafi Masoud 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCancer is known as a second major cause of death globally. Nowadays, several modalities have been developed for the treatment of cancer. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are the most common modalities in most countries. However, newer modalities such as immunotherapy and targeted therapy drugs can kill cancer cells with minimal side effects. All anticancer agents work based on the killing of cancer cells. Numerous studies are ongoing to kill cancer cells more effectively without increasing side effects to normal tissues. The combination modalities with low toxic agents are interesting for this aim. Curcumin is one of the most common herbal agents that has shown several anticancer properties. It can regulate immune system responses against cancer. Furthermore, curcumin has been shown to potentiate cell death signalling pathways and attenuate survival signalling pathways in cancer cells. The knowledge of how curcumin induces cell death in cancers can improve therapeutic efficiency. In this review, the regulatory effects of curcumin on different cell death mechanisms and their signalling pathways will be discussed. Furthermore, we explain how curcumin may potentiate the anticancer effects of other drugs or radiotherapy through modulation of apoptosis, mitotic catastrophe, senescence, autophagy and ferroptosis.
The evolving status of immunotherapies in multiple myeloma: the future role of bispecific antibodies
Authors: Swan Dawn , Routledge David , Harrison Simon 
Published: September 2021

SummaryTreatment outcomes in multiple myeloma (MM) have improved dramatically over the past 10 years. However, patients with high‐risk disease such as those with Stage III disease by the Revised International Staging System, the presence of adverse cytogenetics, or who are refractory to proteosome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs and monoclonal antibodies may have dismal outcomes. These patients represent an urgent ongoing need in MM. One of the hallmarks of MM is immune dysfunction and a tumour‐permissive immune microenvironment. Ameliorating the immune‐paresis could lead to improved outcomes. The role of immunotherapies has been growing at an exponential pace with numerous agents under development in clinical trials. In the present review, we provide an overview of immunotherapies in MM, focussing on bispecific antibodies (BsAbs). We review efficacy outcomes from the published clinical trials and consider the important safety aspects of these therapies, in particular the risk of cytokine‐release syndrome and immune effector cell‐associated neurotoxicity syndrome, and how these compare with patients receiving chimeric antigen receptor T cells. We discuss the MM epitopes being targeted by BsAbs, either in clinical or preclinical stages, and we consider where these therapies might best fit within the future ever‐changing paradigm of MM treatment.
Striving for Happily Ever After: Supportive Interventions for Youth Leaving Residential Placement. A Systematic Review of Reviews
Authors: Kvamme Line Solheim , Waaler Pamela , Helland Siri Saugestad , Kjøbli John 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundYouth who reenter communities after forensic or residential care are overrepresented in prevalence rates for mental disorders, delinquency, incarceration, low academic achievement, and unemployment. Supportive interventions that aid youth in the reentry to their communities can be crucial for successful reintegration. In systematic reviews (SR) on this topic, only specific interventions or programs are described. Therefore, a summary of evidence about transitional interventions for various groups of reentry youth is needed.MethodThis overview of SRs was preregistered in PROSPERO. We searched PsycINFO, Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Campbell Library, Web of Science, Sociological Abstracts, Criminal Justice Abstracts, Social Care Online, and Epistemonikos. SRs that fit the search criteria were evaluated using the AMSTAR checklist for methodological quality and the GRADE tool for assessing confidence in effect estimates.ResultsWe screened 2,349 publications for eligibility. Eight SRs were included for analysis. The methodological quality of five SRs was critically low, two were of low quality, and one was of moderate quality. Recidivism was reported as the only outcome in five SRs. Detrimental outcomes were reported in five SRs. Confidence in effect estimates was low or very low for all outcomes. Ninety‐five percent of primary study populations were from the United States.ConclusionWe offer a rigorous appraisal of SRs on transitional interventions. The gaps of knowledge are vast regarding what works, how it works, and for whom. Development of a knowledge base should include defining the term ‘recidivism’, systematic reporting of demographics, and identifying effective common elements.
Motivational psychology and the call to professional public service in Canada
Authors: Paul Brown M. , White Jonny 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article explores the phenomenon of the call to professional public service in Canada. It draws on the testimonials of exemplars in Canada and elsewhere, and research findings from the fields of prosocial behaviour and public service motivation (PSM), and especially from motivational psychology, with its concepts of “flow” and “element,” to shed light on the dynamics of the call and steps professional public services can take to best mobilize individuals responding to it. The conclusion suggests there should be greater acknowledgement of the reality of the call, embeds the call in PSM theory, and sets out an agenda for research.
The utility of radiolabeled PSMA ligands for tumor imaging
Authors: Shahrokhi Pejman , Masteri Farahani Arezou , Tamaddondar Mohammad , Rezazadeh Farzaneh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProstate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a glycosylated type‐II transmembrane protein expressed in prostatic tissue and significantly overexpressed in several prostate cancer cells. Despite its name, PSMA has also been reported to be overexpressed in endothelial cells of benign and malignant non‐prostate disease. So its clinical use was extended to detection, staging, and therapy of various tumor types. Recently small molecules targeting PSMA have been developed as imaging probes for diagnosis of several malignancies. Preliminary studies are emerging improved diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of PSMA imaging, leading to a change in patient management. In this review, we evaluated the first preclinical and clinical studies on PSMA ligands resulting future perspectives radiolabeled PSMA in staging and molecular characterization, based on histopathologic examinations of PSMA expression.
Dynamics of circulating dendritic cells and cytokines after kidney transplantation—No effect of remote ischaemic conditioning
Authors: Nielsen Marie B , Ravlo Kristian , Eijken Marco , Krogstrup Nicoline V , Bue Svendsen Morten , Abdel-Halim Chadi , Steen Petersen Mikkel , Birn Henrik , Oltean Mihai , Jespersen Bente , Møller Bjarne K 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Inflammation resulting from ischaemia/reperfusion injury can cause kidney graft dysfunction, increase the risk of delayed graft function and possibly reduce long-term graft survival. Remote ischaemic conditioning may protect against ischaemia/reperfusion injury and mitigate the immunological response to the graft. We investigated the immunological effects of remote ischaemic conditioning on kidney transplantation from deceased donors in the randomized CONTEXT study. Three circulating dendritic cell (DC) subtypes identified in peripheral blood from kidney transplant recipients [myeloid DCs, plasmacytoid DCs and immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT)3+ DCs] were measured at baseline, days 1, 3 and 5 and 1 and 3 months after transplantation. We also quantified 21 cytokines at baseline, days 1 and 5 and 3 months after transplantation. Neither DC counts nor cytokine levels differed between patients receiving remote ischaemic conditioning and controls; however, several parameters exhibited dynamic and parallel alterations in the two groups over time, reflecting the immunological response to the kidney transplantation and immunosuppression.
Improvement in immune dysfunction after FOLFOX chemotherapy for Stage III colon cancer is associated with improved minimal residual disease prognostic subtype and outcome
Authors: Murray Nigel P. , Villalon Ricardo , Hartmann Dan , Rodriguez Maria Patricia , Aedo Socrates 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimMinimal residual disease (MRD) is the net result of the biological properties of disseminated tumour cells and the effect of the immune system and treatment to eliminate them. The aim of this work is to report the changes in MRD status and immune function (lymphocyte count) after FOLFOX chemotherapy, and the outcome in Stage III colon cancer patients.MethodThis study is a prospective, single‐centre observational study. Lymphocyte counts were determined prior to and 1, 2 and 3 months after the completion of chemotherapy. Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) and bone marrow micrometastases were determined using immunocytochemistry with anticarcinoembryonic antigen prior to and 1 month after chemotherapy. MRD was classified as negative (Group I), micrometastasis positive only (Group II) and CTC positive (Group III). Changes in lymphocyte counts and MRD subtype following chemotherapy and relapse‐free progression were analysed.ResultsOf the total of 185 patients, 83 (44.9%) relapsed. The risk of relapse significantly increased from Groups I to III (p < 0.001) and with decreasing lymphocyte count (p < 0.01). The lymphocyte count significantly decreased from Groups I to III (p < 0.001). Multivariance Cox regression analysis showed hazard ratios of 3.58 (Group II), 17.43 (Group III) and 0.39 (lymphocyte count) in predicting relapse. Following chemotherapy, improved lymphocyte count was associated with improved MRD subtype (p < 0.0001). Neither baseline lymphocyte count nor MRD subtype predicted response to chemotherapy. Five‐year relapse‐free survival for combined lymphocyte–MRD subtypes was 95%, 57% and 5% for Groups I to III, respectively (p < 0.001).ConclusionFollowing chemotherapy, improvements in immune function were associated with improved MRD subtype and a better relapse‐free survival.
Rerouting a major Indonesian mining road to spare nature and reduce development costs
Authors: Engert Jayden E. , Ishida F‪rançoise Yoko , Laurance William F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractRoad‐infrastructure projects are expanding rapidly worldwide while penetrating into previously undisturbed forests. In Sumatra, Indonesia, a planned 88‐km‐long mining road for transporting coal would imperil the Harapan Forest, the island's largest surviving tract of lowland rainforest. Such roads often lead to increased forest encroachment and illegal logging, fires, poaching, and mining. To evaluate the potential impact of the proposed road, we first manually mapped all existing roads inside and around the Harapan Forest using remote‐sensing imagery. We then calculated the expected increase in forest loss from three proposed mining‐road routes using a metric based on travel‐time mapping. Finally, we used least‐cost‐path analyses to identify new routes for the road that would minimize forest disruption and road‐construction costs. We found that road density inside and nearby the Harapan Forest is already 3–4 times higher than official data sources indicate. Based on our analyses, each of the three proposed mining‐road routes would lead to 3,000–4,300 ha of additional forest loss from human encroachment plus another 424 ha lost from road construction itself. We propose new routes for the mining road that would result in up to 3,321 ha less forest loss with markedly lower construction costs than any other planned route. We recommend approaches such as ours, using least‐cost‐path analysis, to minimize the environmental and financial costs of major development projects.
Dimensions of Curation Competing Values Model: Tool for Shifting Exhibition Priorities in Art Museums
Authors: Rowson Love Ann , Villeneuve Pat , Burns James , Wessel Brooke , Jiang Xiaonan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this article we present the Dimensions of Curation Competing Values Model for exhibition curation. It is based on the work of Quinn and Rohrbaugh (1981), scholars who abandoned their quest for a universal model for organizational effectiveness when confronted with literature advocating alternate positions, such as whether an organization should look inward or focus outward to be effective. They acknowledged that any of these “recognized dilemmas” (p. 132) could produce organizational effectiveness depending on context. They conceptualized these seemingly contradictory positions as competing values and offered a 3‐dimensional model with the alternatives, along with a range of practices in between, arrayed along continua. We saw similarities with on‐going competing debates in the museum world, such as whether exhibitions should focus on objects or audiences, and adapted their model specifically for exhibition curation. Based on theory, literature, and field practices, Dimensions of Curation addresses ranges of possible interpretive focus, curatorial power, and curatorial intent. We demonstrate various combinations of the resulting eight exhibition models that we label descriptively as exhibitions that ____, with each model achieving different objectives and audience appeal. We envision Dimensions of Curation as a tool for practitioners to use to reflect on past exhibition practices, think intentionally about future exhibitions, and make changes, as desired, using the model as a road map. It also provides a shared vocabulary of practice for the field, as advocated by Carr (2007).