bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ancient acid rains in Ediacaran – an alternative story for sulfate sedimentation
Authors: Shaldybin Michail 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Vast deposits of anhydrite and magnesite widely distributed in Ediacaran strata of East Siberia near the Riphean unconformity. Anhydrite-rich rocks are not look like of evaporitic origin find mostly nodules and the layers of chicken-wire structure otherwise disseminated as tiny sulfate forms amongst the terrigenous rocks. Here we propose an alternative point of view for anhydrite appearance – the enrichment of Sulphur because of the slashing increase the content of sulfur in the Ediacaran atmosphere due to high volcanic activity. It is suggested that the ancient Earth's atmosphere could have also been influenced by powerful sulfuric acid rains that eroded the Precambrian dolomites causing their aggressive degradation. Chemical reactions with dolomite and sulfuric acid showed that in the early stages an unstable phase of bassanite occur which later stabilized as anhydrite after its heating as an analogue of aging. Aggressive acids have caused global process of dolomite karstification of the Siberian craton with appearance in Ediacaran strata in addition to the sulfate phases, including magnesite and sulphurous phases of pyrite and barite.
Risk-adjusted Design Basis Earthquake’s Adequacy for use in Seismic Design Codes
Authors: Zaman Mohammad , Ghayamghamian Mohammad Reza 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In most buildings’ seismic design codes design basis peak ground acceleration (PGADBE) is provided by employing a uniform-hazard approach. However, a new trend in updating seismic codes is to adopt a risk-informed method to estimate the PGADBE so-called risk-adjusted design basis peak ground acceleration (PGARDBE). An attempt is made here to examine the adequacy of the PGARDBE to fulfill the assumptions made in seismic codes for converting the maximum considered earthquake’s (MCE) intensity to PGADBE. To this end, the performance of regular intermediate steel moment frames (IMF) is assessed in terms of collapse margin (CMR) and residual drift ratios in the event of MCE and design basis earthquake (DBE), respectively. The PGARDBEs are computed for Karaj County, Iran. A set of 96 index archetypes of regular IMF are designed considering four design parameters, which include the number of stories (2, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15), span lengths (4 and 8 meters), occupancies (residential and commercial), and seismic demands (0.15, 0.25, 0.35 and 0.45g). The PGADBE prescribed by Standard No. 2800 for Karaj neither meets the assumed acceptance criteria nor stands on the safe side. Meanwhile, PGARDBE fulfills the acceptance criteria but does not necessarily satisfy the implicit assumption made in codes that the code-conforming buildings have at least a CMR of 1.5 if the MCE occurs. This emphasizes that the PGARDBE should not be used without examining the CMR fulfillment. The results recommend that a lower limit need to be set on PGARDBEs, which is found to be 0.35g for Karaj. Outcomes also reveal that the code-conforming buildings designed with the proposed PGARDBE can fulfill both repairability and life safety performances at the DBE and MCE, respectively. These buildings also have a high chance to be even considered as repairable ones at the seismic demand of MCE. Furthermore, regardless of the employed method for estimating PGADBE, various relationships between design parameters with different performance indicators such as CMR, residual drift ratio, ductility demand, imposed drift ratio, and building’s normalized weight are presented. These relationships can be used to evaluate the buildings’ safety factor against collapse and repairability, justification of using IMF in regions with high seismicity, level of structural and nonstructural damage as well as the economic consequence of changes in PGADBE. The presented relationships provide a multi-criteria decision-making tool to decide on the optimum PGADBE leading to an affordable alternative and tolerable damage.
Elevated serum levels of kynurenine pathway metabolites in Behçet's patients
Authors: ONMAZ DUYGU ERYAVUZ , Tezcan Dilek , Sivrikaya Abdullah , Abusoglu Sedat , Kuzu Menekse , Yerlikaya Fatma Humeyra , Yilmaz Sema , Unlu Ali 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Behçet's disease (BD) is a inflammatory, multisystemic vasculitis of unknown etiopathogenesis. However, innate and adaptive immune system involvement and immune-mediated networks play a key role in the inflammatory cascade. Studies have shown that both indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase enzyme, which is induced in inflammatory conditions and catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in the tryptophan (TRP) metabolism by the kynurenine pathway (KP), and downstream metabolites have immunomodulatory properties. The study was aimed to measure KP metabolites levels in patients with BD and to investigate the relationship between disease activity and clinical findings with these metabolites. The study included 120 patients with BD and 120 healthy volunteers. Serum TRP, kynurenine (KYN), kynurenic acid (KYNA), 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3HAA), 3-hydroxykynurenine (3HK), quinolinic acid (QUIN) levels were analyzed with tandem mass spectrometric method. Demographic data, clinical manifestations and disease activity score (BDCAF) were recorded. Serum KYN, KYNA, 3HK, 3HAA, QUIN levels and KYN/TRP ratio were higher (p<0.05) in patients with BD compared to the control group, while TRP levels were lower (p<0.05). KYN/TRP ratio and QUIN levels were significantly higher in the presence of neurobehçet's while serum KYN levels were significantly higher in the presence of arthritis (p<0.05). Also, serum QUIN levels were significantly higher in the presence of thrombosis (p<0.05). BDCAF score positively correlated with KYN/TRP ratio and QUIN levels. Our findings showed that serum KP metabolite levels were elevated in patients with BD and there is a relationship between these metabolites with disease activity, clinical findings and inflammatory burden.
Parent Satisfaction Related to Child’s Post-Operative Pain Management
Authors: Mathias Edlin Glane , Pai Mamatha Shivananda , Kumar Vijay , Guddattu Vasudeva , Bramhagen Ann-Cathrine 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Surgery of a child is a stressful event for the parents and the family. Pain management is an important part of treatment among children undergoing surgical procedures. The aim of this study was to examine the parent satisfaction level related to child’s post-operative pain management. The study included 160 mothers of children aged 2-7 years undergoing elective surgery. In the study the mothers were randomly allocated either to the intervention (n=80) or control group (n=80). The children in the intervention group received age-appropriate distraction interventions for three postoperative days along with the usual care. Children in the control group received only usual care. Data on parent satisfaction related to postoperative pain management interventions was assessed on the day of discharge using a Parent satisfaction scale. It was found that majority 68 (85%) of mothers in the intervention and 27 (33.7%) in the control group were “very satisfied” with pain management interventions. However, 12 (15%) mothers in the intervention and 53 (66.2%) were “moderate satisfied”. The mean and standard deviation of parent satisfaction in the intervention group was 42 ±5.237 and 34 ± 6.642 in the control group. Results from One-way ANOVA identified that there was a significant difference in the parent satisfaction between the intervention and control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Nurses worldwide must engage parents in the management of their child’s postoperative pain by clearly expressing their responsibilities and roles, as well as providing ample opportunities for parent’s active participation in their child’s postoperative pain management.
Effects of a mobile health intervention on activities of stress self-management for workers: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lee Young Joo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Mobile health interventions are being widely tried because of their attractive advantages. However, there is not enough evidence for its effectiveness. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mobile app-based stress management intervention (mSMI) on highly stressed workers.Methods: A sample of 82 white-collar workers with elevated symptoms of perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale-10≥22) were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The mSMI consisted of three modules: self-management including a work diary, counseling based on cognitive behavioral therapy and interventions focused on music, meditation, relaxation and image healings. Self-report data were collected the baseline and post-intervention. Study outcomes were perceived stress, anxiety, depression, and work engagement. Data were assessed using analysis of covariance with covariates.Results: There was significantly reduced perceived stress from baseline to 6 weeks in mSMI (t=5.788, p<.001) and control group (t=3.184, p=.003). After adjusting for covariates, the between-group difference in the perceived stress was significantly different (F=4.051, p=.048); however, the effect size was small. There was no significant intervention effect on anxiety, depression, and work engagement. The process evaluation indicated that most participants (85.3%) were satisfied with the intervention and their mental health benefited.Conclusion: This study found that mobile health intervention facilitated stress management for highly stressed workers. Further studies should address job-related outcomes and mental health symptoms in workers by applying the latest information technology and addressing the limitations of mobile interventions.Trial Registration: Not applicable.
Optimization of Finishing Parameters for Magnetic Compound Fluid Finishing (MCFF) of Copper Alloy
Authors: Fan Jinwei , Ren Xingfei , Pan Ri , Wang Peitong , Tao Haohao 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
As an advanced finishing technology, magnetic compound fluid finishing (MCFF) is considered to be able to achieve damage-free finishing of low-hardness materials such as copper alloys with appropriate finishing parameters. However, ignoring the influence of the material removal amount on the dimensional accuracy when optimizing the finishing parameters may result in excessive material removal and a reduction in the workpiece's dimensional accuracy. Thus, a novel finishing parameters optimization method considering dimensional accuracy is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the MCFF experiments are planned and carried out for modeling. Secondly, a MCFF model is established based on the integrated learning theory. The established model is a multi-layer neural network fusion model comprised of a prediction layer and a fusion layer, which can accurately predict the polished surface quality and material removal amount. Thirdly, taking the effect of material removal amount on the dimensional accuracy into account, the finishing parameters are optimized by the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm. Finally, the model's prediction accuracy and the superiority of the optimized parameters are compared and verified by experiments. The results demonstrate that the developed model can correctly predict the finishing effect, and the high-quality polished surfaces and high dimensional accuracy can be obtained with the optimized finishing parameters.
Exploring the Therapeutic Mechanism of the Mongolian Medicine Scabiosa Against Hepatic Fibrosis Based on UHPLC-TOF-MS/MS Combined with Network Pharmacological Methods and Experimental Verification
Authors: zhang chunyan , Yuan Hong-Wei , Ren Gui-Qiang , Li Xiao-Jun , Gao Xiao-Yang , Zhao Xiao-Lu , Ma Yue-Hong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective To systematically elucidate the chemical composition of Mongolian medicine scabiosa, explore its key targets and related pathways by network p harmacology, and further clarify its against hepatic fibrosis mechanism through experiments. Methods The Mongolian medicine scabiosa was determined by UHPLC -TOF-MS/MS and its components were analyzed; The intersection of Mongolian medicine scabiosa was screened in the Swiss target prediction database to obtain the against hepatic fibrosis target of Mongolian Medicine Scabiosa. The protein interaction was analyzed through a string database, and the GO function and KEGG path way were analyzed on the Metascape platform. Meanwhile, we selected the PI3K/Akt and PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, p38 and p-p38 targets in MAPK signaling pathway for v erification. The mechanism against hepatic fibrosis of Mongolian medicine scabiosa was verified by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Results A total of 120 chemical constituents were identified, including flavonoids, alkaloids, coumarins, terpenoids, phenols, and fatty acids. According to the prediction, there are 63 against hepatic fibrosis targets, including 20 core targets. GO enrichment analysis involves three aspects: biological process (BP), cell component (CC), and molecular function (MF). KEGG enrichment results show that PI3K/Akt, EGFR, Rap1, HIF-1, Ras, MAPK are significant pathways. In the in vivo experiment, Mongolian medicine scabiosa can significantly reduce serum biochemical indexes ( P< 0.05), hydroxyproline ( P< 0.05); Masson staining showed that the proliferation of abnormal fibrous tissue w as reduced, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells was reduced, which improved the fibrotic liver tissue; RT-qPCR results showed that the expression of α-SMA, c ollagen, PI3K, Akt, p38 mRNA decreased( P< 0.05). The results of Western blot showed that compare with the model group, the Mongolian medicine scabiosa could i nhibit the expression of markers of hepatic fibrosis α-SMA, collagen, PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, p38,p-p38decreased( P< 0.01); In the in vitro experiment, MTT results showe d that the inhibition rate of serum containing Mongolian medicine scabiosa on HSC-T6 was the highest at 24 hours; Western blot results showed that compared with t he control group, the protein expression levels of α-SMA, collagen, PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, p38,p-p38 in high, medium and low dose groups were significantly decreased
The SOS response may promote the transfer of resistance genes and plasmids by indole in Escherichia coli
Authors: Lv Shuoyan , Guo Yue , Chen Hong , Huang Ruisen , Guan Songlei 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Bacterial resistance is caused by a variety of causes. SOS response is the main stress mode for bacteria to adapt to environmental stress and repair damage, and the abuse of antibiotics is the main factor inducing SOS response.In order to clarify the role of SOS response in bacterial drug resistance.In this study, we induced SOS response by cefotaxime sodium,then exogenous indole, it was found that the conjugation efficiency increased significantly after SOS response and exogenous indole, at most increased 50 times,and drug-resistance genes (blaCTX−M−9G, fosA3 )and plasmids (IncI2,IncFIB) can be transferred between bacteria in the process of SOS.Moreover,the change trends of extracellular indole level, sensor pump (acrEF ,mtr mRNA) on cell membrane surface and tnaA mRNA were consistent with the ibpA mRNA downstream of SOS response.in which indole may play the role of "messenger".The above results show that SOS response can promote the horizontal transfer of drug-resistance genes, which is completed by regulating the level of indole, which plays a messenger role in the process of conjugation. Therefore, inhibiting SOS response by controlling the level of antibiotics in the environment, or directly interfering with the chemical synthesis of indole will help to reduce the transmission of drug resistance genes.
Occurrences and characteristics of full-size microplastics derived from mulch films in major exorheic rivers of Hainan, China
Authors: Jiao Meng , Liu Beibei , Wu Lin , Ren Lu , Wang Luya , Ma Wending , Li Ruilong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Mulch film residues in farmland take risk of being transported to the wider environment, which may cause greater plastic pollution. Discharge of various sewage, as well as the releases from tourism, shipping, and aquaculture, was confirmed to important sources of microplastics (MPs) in rivers. However, the occurrences, characteristics and contribution of microplastics derived from mulch films (MMF) in rivers were still largely unknown. In this study, UV-Vis Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were sequentially used to identify the full-size MMF (1-5000 µm) in field samples. Studies confirmed that MMF, as a polyethylene-matrix composite doped with additives, is an important contributor of MPs in upstream farmland soil and riparian sediments, and even exists in a small amount in estuarine sediments. Specifically, the value of MMF in estuarine sediments ranged from 38 ± 8 to 82 ± 17 items/kg (including 54.9–74.2% small size (1-5 µm )), accounting for 9.0–13.7% of total MPs. Moreover, black and fragment were the dominant color and shape of these MMF, respectively. Our work first demonstrated that MMF was a neglected part of MPs in estuaries, especially in the drainage areas with high agricultural activity.
Privacy Issue: From Static to Dynamic Online Social Networks
Authors: Alanezi Mafaz , Mahmood Basim 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Today’s societies have become more dependent on social networks in terms of communications and interactions. These networks contain most of the people?s activities, which can be public or even personal events. In the last decade, social networks have turned into more prominent platforms in managing and organizing public events. The Egyptian revolution in 2011 and the Ukrainian
revolution in 2014 are good reflections of such events. However, it is not known how much the privacy issue of users is revealed in the reality as a consequence of their online interactions. In
this work, we investigate the privacy issue in online social networks and its reflection on real life. Our dataset was extracted from the Facebook groups/pages that were involved in the 2019 Iraqi October revolution. Our approach generates a static network using the collected dataset. Then, we investigate the generated static network in terms of detecting potential anomalies. After that, we project the static network (including its characteristics) into a dynamic environment and generate
a dynamic network for investigating the privacy issue in the real life. The contribution of this work lies in projecting a real-world static network into a dynamic environment aiming at investigating users? privacy in the real world. Finally, this kind of approach has not been given enough attention in the literature and yet to be deeply investigated in this article.
Pseudolycorine Chloride Ameliorates Th17-cell-mediated CNS Autoimmunity by Restraining MDSCs Expansion
Authors: Zhang Gan , Zhu Xinying , Yang Fan , Li Juan , Leng Xiao , Li Limei , Wang Yantang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a large number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) appear, and these cells can accelerate the development of EAE in mice. The aim of this study was to evaluate pseudolycorine chloride’s (PLY) inhibitory effect on the expansion of MDSCs and differentiation of monocyte-like MDSCs (M-MDSCs), while proving that PLY can improve the severity of Th17 cell-mediated EAE by affecting MDSCs. Flow cytometry suggested that PLY significantly inhibited the proliferation and expansion of MDSCs stimulated by IL-6 and GM-CSF, especially the differentiation of M-MDSCs in a dose-dependent manner. Three concentrations of PLY (0.67, 2, and 6 μM) had no cytotoxicity in vitro . Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, LFB, and immunofluorescence suggested inflammatory infiltration and demyelination. MDSCs and related Th17 cell infiltration in the spinal cord were inhibited by PLY (40 mg/kg). In conclusion, PLY inhibited the differentiation and expansion of MDSCs, especially M-MDSCs, and intervened in the progression of EAE in mice.
Hepatic encephalopathy: issues relevant to clinical practice
Authors: Maevskaya M. V. 
Published: October 2021

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) remains one of the most serious complications of liver cirrhosis. Its clinical spectrum sometimes creates difficulties in the optimal diagnosis at the patient’s bedside and treatment. To present new data on the field of clinical management of cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy. The role of ammonia in the diagnosis of HE is still under discussion. In clinical practice, in patients with suspected overt HE, normal ammonia concentration can be used to exclude this diagnosis. In contrast, a high concentration of ammonia in the absence of clinical signs of HE should not serve as a criterion for this diagnosis and as a guide for treatment. A separate issue for discussion is the covert HE. The simplest and most affordable test for screening for covert HE and evaluating the effectiveness of therapy is the animal naming test, which can be done on bedside by physician or caregivers. Patients with covert HE need treatment that is similar in approach to overt HE. The diagnosis of overt HE and the methods of its therapy are well known. According to Russian recommendations, depending on the disease course in a certain patient, lactulose, rifaximin, L-ornithine L-aspartate can be used as first-line drugs, which is applicable to the treatment of both overt and latent PE. The main issues on the management of HE in liver cirrhosis relate to the diagnostic role of ammonia, optimal diagnosis and treatment strategy for covert HE, therapy of choice for both overt and latent HE. There are expert opinions and consensus documents on all these issues. Treatment of overt and latent PE is carried out according to the same principles. Drugs of choice: lactulose, rifaximin and L-Ornithine L-Aspartate.