bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Worry about debt is related to social loneliness in older adults in the Netherlands
Authors: Loibl Cäzilia , Drost Madeleine A. , Huisman Martijn , Suanet Bianca , Bruine de Bruin Wändi , McNair Simon , Summers Barbara 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe amount of financial debt held by older adults has grown substantially over the past two decades in Europe. This study examines the association of objective and subjective debt burden with social and emotional loneliness among 1,606 older adults in the Netherlands. Objective debt burden is based on financial terms, such as debt-to-income ratio; whereas subjective debt burden measures the psychological distress caused by financial debt. Data are from the 2015/2016 wave of the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. First, we use means-comparison tests to examine whether older adults who experience social and emotional loneliness differ from older adults who do not experience loneliness regarding their subjective and objective debt burdens. Subsequently, using linear regression models we address two questions: whether social loneliness and emotional loneliness are associated with objective and subjective debt burden; and whether social participation, social network size, anxiety and depression mediate these relationships. We find that subjective debt burden (i.e. the worry related to debt) is a significant predictor of social loneliness, above and beyond the role of social and psychological measures. Objective debt burden, in contrast, is unrelated to social and emotional loneliness. Social participation, social network size, anxiety and depression do not mediate the debt-burden-to-loneliness relationships. The results point to the importance of subjective debt burden in understanding social loneliness and designing interventions.
Beyond ‘puffins and moss’: Iceland Airwaves and post-crash musical tourism
Authors: Cannady Kimberly D. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article explores relationships between the significant growth of foreign tourism to Iceland, following the 2008 economic crash, and the popular music festival Iceland Airwaves. I consider the effects of Iceland Airwaves on popular music in Reykjavík during the festival and outside of the festival season. My focus is primarily on how the local population experiences Iceland Airwaves and musical tourism in general. Based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Iceland between 2010 and 2018, I examine how musicians, politicians, festival management, tourism sector workers, business people, and other music industry workers approach and negotiate the rising role of popular music in Iceland's new tourism economy. This research contributes to broader understandings of how music festivals and musical tourism shape local musical life year-round, and it also offers insight into Iceland's internationally renowned popular music industry.
‘Mama, he treats your daughter mean’: Reassessing the narrative of British R&B with Ottilie Patterson
Authors: Lorre Sean 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe phenomenon of British R&B is most often understood in terms of young, white, middle-class British men turning to the ‘down-home’ sounds of black American men for musical motivation. This article offers a revision to this dominant narrative by reinserting ‘slim, lively Irish girl’ Ottilie Patterson, the UK's most popular blues singer before 1963. I analyse the content and context of Patterson's 1961 album, Rhythm and Blues with Ottilie Patterson, drawing from contemporaneous mass-media discourse as well as Patterson's own notebooks held at Britain's National Jazz Archive. Patterson's performances captured on this record demonstrate how R&B was first publicly (re-)presented and understood in the UK. I argue that Patterson's work challenges the assumptions that (a) British R&B began with the formation of Alexis Korner's Blue Incorporated and (b) the R&B revival was predominately motivated by the appropriation and vicarious expression of African-American hypermasculinity.
A LONGITUDINAL INVESTIGATION OF EXPLICIT AND IMPLICIT AUDITORY PROCESSING IN L2 SEGMENTAL AND SUPRASEGMENTAL ACQUISITION
Authors: Sun Hui , Saito Kazuya , Tierney Adam 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPrecise auditory perception at a subcortical level (neural representation and encoding of sound) has been suggested as a form of implicit L2 aptitude in naturalistic settings. Emerging evidence suggests that such implicit aptitude explains some variance in L2 speech perception and production among adult learners with different first language backgrounds and immersion experience. By examining 46 Chinese learners of English, the current study longitudinally investigated the extent to which explicit and implicit auditory processing ability could predict L2 segmental and prosody acquisition over a 5-month early immersion. According to the results, participants’ L2 gains were associated with more explicit and integrative auditory processing ability (remembering and reproducing music sequences), while the role of implicit, preconscious perception appeared to be negligible at the initial stage of postpubertal L2 speech learning.
Spontaneous verbal repetition in toddler-adult conversations: a longitudinal study with Spanish-speaking two- year-olds
Authors: CASLA Marta , MÉNDEZ-CABEZAS Celia , MONTERO Ignacio , MURILLO Eva , NIEVA Silvia , RODRÍGUEZ Jessica 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe role of children’s verbal repetition of parents’ utterances on vocabulary growth has been well documented (Masur, 1999). Nevertheless, few studies have analyzed adults’ and children’s spontaneous verbal repetition around the second birthday distinguishing between the types of repetition. We analyzed longitudinally Spanish-speaking parent-child dyads during spontaneous interaction at 21, 24 and 30 months. Linguistic level was measured using the Spanish version of the MacArthur CDI (López-Ornat et al., 2005). Children’s and adults’ repetitions are about 17% of the speech. Children repeated adults’ utterances in a reduced manner whereas adults produced more extended repetitions. Adults’ rate of repetition predicted children’s linguistic level at 30 months. Children’s rate of repetition did not predict linguistic level. These results suggest that parents adapt their speech to children’s communicative abilities. Since children’s rate of repetition did not predict linguistic level, we suggest that verbal imitation plays an indirect and complex role in communicative development.
A political framework for understanding heritage dynamics in Turkey (1950–1980)
Authors: Dinler Mesut 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe article focuses on the actions of the High Council for Immovable Historic Works and Monuments (HC), which was active from 1951 to 1983 as the sole decision-maker in issues of historic preservation for all historic structures and sites in Turkey. The HC archives reveal a historical and political framework for understanding the context within which the HC operated. Expert knowledge, especially in the conservation of historic cities, has been a powerful instrument, although the use of this instrument depended on the political context. The HC extended its authority in the 1950s, operating under a conservative autocratic government. In the 1960s and 1970s, on the other hand, when central power was lacking and society was dominated by political violence, chaos and economic instability, the HC could reinforce and exercise its power to raise standards in historic preservation in line with the international conservation movement.
Linking a Latitudinal Gradient in Ocean Hydrography and Elemental Stoichiometry in the Eastern Pacific Ocean
Authors: Lee Jenna A. , Garcia Catherine A. , Larkin Alyse A. , Carter Brendan R. , Martiny Adam C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA past global synthesis of marine particulate organic matter (POM) suggested latitudinal variation in the ratio of surface carbon (C): nitrogen (N): phosphorus (P). However, this synthesis relied on compiled datasets that may have biased the observed pattern. To demonstrate latitudinal shifts in surface C:N:P, we combined hydrographic and POM observations from 28°N to 69°S in the eastern Pacific Ocean (GO‐SHIP line P18). Both POM concentrations and ratios displayed distinct biome‐associated changes. Surface POM concentrations were relatively low in the North Pacific subtropical gyre, increased through the Equatorial Pacific, were lowest in the South Pacific subtropical gyre, and increased through the Southern Ocean. Stoichiometric elemental ratios were systematically above Redfield proportions in warmer regions. However, C:P and N:P gradually decreased across the Southern Ocean despite an abundance of macro‐nutrients. Here, a size‐fraction analysis of POM linked increases in the proportion of large plankton to declining ratios. Subsurface N* values support the hypothesis that accumulated remineralization products of low C:P and N:P exported POM helps maintain the Redfield Ratio of deep nutrients. We finally evaluated stoichiometric models against observations to assess predictive accuracy. We attributed the failure of all models to their inability to capture shifts in the specific nature of nutrient limitation. Our results point to more complex linkages between multinutrient limitation and cellular resource allocation than currently parameterized in models. These results suggest a greater importance of understanding the interaction between the type of nutrient limitation and plankton diversity for predicting the global variation in surface C:N:P.
Variational Bayesian Independent Component Analysis for InSAR Displacement Time‐Series With Application to Central California, USA
Authors: Gualandi Adriano , Liu Zhen 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe exploitation of ever increasing Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data sets to monitor the Earth's surface deformation is an important goal of today's geodesy. In this study our observations consist of deformations along the Line‐Of‐Sight direction of the satellite. Our observations are the result of the combination of a multitude of sources (either volcano‐tectonic or nontectonic deformation). In most cases, we are facing a Blind source separation (BSS) problem. Natural approaches to tackle BSS problems are multivariate statistical techniques that attempt to decompose the data set into a limited number of statistically independent sources, under the assumption that the different physical mechanisms contributing to the observations have independent footprints in space and/or time. We show the capabilities of a variational Bayesian independent component analysis (vbICA) algorithm in dealing with synthetic InSAR time series and compare it to the commonly used FastICA algorithm. We explore the effectiveness of the spatial and temporal mode decompositions. We apply vbICA on data relative to the San Joaquin Valley and the Central San Andreas fault (CSAF), California, spanning the time range 2015/03/01–2019/07/14. The proposed approach likely isolates the contribution of shallow and deep aquifers to the surface deformation as well as the elastic and inelastic deformation. We present a 1‐dimensional compaction estimation of the elastic and inelastic storage coefficients adopting a formalism that takes into account the last century water level history. Concerning the CSAF, the algorithm helps separating tectonic loading from seasonal behavior concentrated in the Quaternary sediments of the Salinas Valley.
Synergy of In Situ and Satellite Ocean Observations in Determining Meridional Heat Transport in the Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Dong Shenfu , Goni Gustavo , Domingues Ricardo , Bringas Francis , Goes Marlos , Christophersen Jonathan , Baringer Molly 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe meridional overturning circulation (MOC) is a major driver in global redistribution of heat, which modulates global climate and weather. Altimeter sea surface height measurements and in situ hydrographic data are combined in this work to derive monthly synthetic temperature and salinity (T/S) profiles along zonal transbasin sections in both the North (26.5°N) and South (20°S, 25°S, 30°S, and 35°S) Atlantic Ocean since 1993, which are then used to estimate the MOC and meridional heat transport (MHT). Consistent with previous studies, the results indicate that the MHT is highly correlated with the MOC at all five latitudes. At 26.5°N the mean MHT from synthetic profiles (1.09 ± 0.21 PW) is slightly lower than that from the RAPID‐MOCHA‐WBTS array (1.20 ± 0.28 PW), but their interannual variabilities show good agreements. Both the geostrophic and Ekman components contribute significantly to the MHT variability, with the geostrophic component dominating during 1993–2004 and the Ekman component dominating during 2005–2014. In the South Atlantic, the MHT seasonal cycle strengthens southward from 20°S to 34.5°S. On interannual time scale, the MHT at 20°S and 25°S experiences larger variations than that at 30°S and 34.5°S, in part due to the fact that the geostrophic and Ekman components work together to strengthen the MHT changes, while they tend to work against each other at 30°S and 34.5°S. Results shown here suggest that integrating data from different observing platforms provides better means to estimate the MOC and MHT in near real time.
The Impact of Orography on the African Easterly Wave Stormtrack
Authors: White J. D. , Aiyyer A. , Russell J. O. H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe examined the sensitivity of African easterly waves (AEWs) to elevated terrain over North Africa using a numerical weather prediction model. We formed five ensembles of simulated AEW activity with orographic features independently reduced in four key regions. The ensemble members consisted of 10 consecutive AEW seasons simulated separately. From the ensembles, the southern AEW stormtrack was most sensitive to the reduction of the Ethiopian highlands. Energy budgets showed that diminished diabatic heating associated with precipitating convection was the likely driver of the weaker AEWs. Baroclinic overturning was the dominant pathway for this response. The northern AEW stormtrack was most sensitive to the reduction of the Hoggar and Tibesti mountains. In this case, a reduction in the vertical shear and diminished baroclinic energy conversions from the background state was associated with weaker AEWs. Through terrain reduction, our results provide a view of thermodynamic and dynamic feedback in AEWs that is complementary to what has been shown in past studies.
Impact of a Nocturnal Low‐Level Jet on Surface‐Layer Turbulent Characteristics
Authors: Brunsell N. A. , Rahn D. A. , Mechem D. B. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe impact of the Great Plains Low‐Level Jet (GPLLJ) on the surface‐layer turbulent characteristics is investigated using a long‐term data set of eddy‐covariance observations. The presence of the GPLLJ alters the distribution of the normalized wind velocity standard deviations and the turbulent intensity. Spectral analysis indicates that the presence of the GPLLJ can alter the low‐frequency contribution in the u‐spectra as well as the anisotropy of the u and w components of the flow. The intensity of the LLJ impacts the high‐frequency contributions to the w‐spectra. Using quadrant analysis to examine how the LLJ impacts sweeps and ejections, we find that the presence and the intensity of the LLJ alters the correlation between u and w. In addition, the intensity of the LLJ impacts the relative contribution from different quadrants to the overall flux and also impacts the third‐order moments. Therefore, the presence of the LLJ alters surface‐layer turbulence, while LLJ intensity appears to impact only a subset of these factors.
Iron‐Mediated Organic Matter Preservation in the Mississippi River‐Influenced Shelf Sediments
Authors: Ghaisas Neha A. , Maiti Kanchan , Roy Amitava 
Published: March 2021

AbstractContinental shelves are important land–ocean interfaces where natural and anthropogenic processes as well as sediment geochemistry regulate organic matter sequestration. The major objective of this work is to understand spatial variability in reactive iron (rFe) bound organic carbon (OC) during low‐ and high‐flow conditions in the recent sediments of the Mississippi River‐influenced Louisiana shelf in the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Sediment samples were collected from five sites along the river plume during low (August 2016) and high (May 2017) discharge. Reactive iron was significantly higher in May (6.9 ± 1.7 mg g−1dw) compared to August (4.3 ± 0.9 mg g−1dw), while OC in August (11.9 ± 3.7 mg g−1dw) and May (7.8 ± 4.8 mg g−1dw) was similar. The fraction of OC bound to rFe (Fe‐OC) in the sediment in May (2.4 ± 1.5 mg g−1dw) was not significantly different from August (3.7 ± 2.7 mg g−1dw). Molar OC:Fe ratios in the rFe‐associated OC ranged between 0.9 and 6.2, with higher ratios in the deeper sediments (6–20 cm). Our results show that 31.7% ± 6.2% of the total OC in the recent sediments is associated with the rFe phase. Sediment mineralogical composition was characterized using X‐ray diffractometry and Fe‐K edge X‐ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy. Our findings indicate that most of the iron is present as nonreactive iron in clay mineral smectite and the dominant form of rFe associated with OC is goethite.
Real‐Time Thermospheric Density Estimation via Radar and GPS Tracking Data Assimilation
Authors: Gondelach David J. , Linares Richard 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAs the number of man‐made Earth‐orbiting objects increases, satellite operators need enhanced space traffic management capabilities to ensure safe space operations. For objects in Low Earth orbit, orbit determination and prediction require accurate estimates of the local thermospheric density. In previous work, the estimation of thermospheric densities using two‐line element data and a reduced‐order model for the upper atmosphere was demonstrated. In this study we demonstrate an approach for density estimation using radar and GPS tracking data. For this, we assimilate the tracking data in a dynamic reduced‐order density model using a Kalman filter by simultaneously estimating the orbits and global density. We used the radar range and range rate measurements of 20 objects and the GPS position measurements of 10 commercial satellites. The estimated density was validated against accurate SWARM density data and compared with NRLMSISE‐00, JB2008, and two‐line element (TLE)‐estimated densities. We found that the estimated densities are significantly more accurate than NRLMSISE‐00 and JB2008 densities. In particular, using the GPS data of 10 satellites, we obtain density estimates with a daily 1‐σ error of only 5% compared to 14% and 22% for empirical models and 10% for TLE‐estimated density. These accurate density estimates can be used to improve orbit determination and the use of real‐time tracking data would enable real‐time density estimation.
High-performance quasi-2D perovskite light-emitting diodes: from materials to devices
Authors: Zhang Li , Sun Changjiu , He Tingwei , Jiang Yuanzhi , Wei Junli , Huang Yanmin , Yuan Mingjian 
Published: March 2021

AbstractQuasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskites have attracted extraordinary attention due to their superior semiconducting properties and have emerged as one of the most promising materials for next-generation light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The outstanding optical properties originate from their structural characteristics. In particular, the inherent quantum-well structure endows them with a large exciton binding energy due to the strong dielectric- and quantum-confinement effects; the corresponding energy transfer among differentn-value species thus results in high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs), particularly at low excitation intensities. The review herein presents an overview of the inherent properties of quasi-2D perovskite materials, the corresponding energy transfer and spectral tunability methodologies for thin films, as well as their application in high-performance LEDs. We then summarize the challenges and potential research directions towards developing high-performance and stable quasi-2D PeLEDs. The review thus provides a systematic and timely summary for the community to deepen the understanding of quasi-2D perovskite materials and resulting LED devices.
Liver x receptor alpha drives chemoresistance in response to side-chain hydroxycholesterols in triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Hutchinson Samantha A. , Websdale Alex , Cioccoloni Giorgia , Røberg-Larsen Hanne , Lianto Priscilia , Kim Baek , Rose Ailsa , Soteriou Chrysa , Pramanik Arindam , Wastall Laura M. , Williams Bethany J. , Henn Madeline A. , Chen Joy J. , Ma Liqian , Moore J. Bernadette , Nelson Erik , Hughes Thomas A. , Thorne James L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTriple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is challenging to treat successfully because targeted therapies do not exist. Instead, systemic therapy is typically restricted to cytotoxic chemotherapy, which fails more often in patients with elevated circulating cholesterol. Liver x receptors are ligand-dependent transcription factors that are homeostatic regulators of cholesterol, and are linked to regulation of broad-affinity xenobiotic transporter activity in non-tumor tissues. We show that LXR ligands confer chemotherapy resistance in TNBC cell lines and xenografts, and that LXRalpha is necessary and sufficient to mediate this resistance. Furthermore, in TNBC patients who had cancer recurrences, LXRalpha and ligands were independent markers of poor prognosis and correlated with P-glycoprotein expression. However, in patients who survived their disease, LXRalpha signaling and P-glycoprotein were decoupled. These data reveal a novel chemotherapy resistance mechanism in this poor prognosis subtype of breast cancer. We conclude that systemic chemotherapy failure in some TNBC patients is caused by co-opting the LXRalpha:P-glycoprotein axis, a pathway highly targetable by therapies that are already used for prevention and treatment of other diseases.
Classifying gastric cancer using FLORA reveals clinically relevant molecular subtypes and highlights LINC01614 as a biomarker for patient prognosis
Authors: Chen Yiyun , Cheng Wing Yin , Shi Hongyu , Huang Shengshuo , Chen Huarong , Liu Dabin , Xu Weiqi , Yu Jun , Wang Jiguang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMolecular-based classifications of gastric cancer (GC) were recently proposed, but few of them robustly predict clinical outcomes. While mutation and expression signature of protein-coding genes were used in previous molecular subtyping methods, the noncoding genome in GC remains largely unexplored. Here, we developed the fast long-noncoding RNA analysis (FLORA) method to study RNA sequencing data of GC cases, and prioritized tumor-specific long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) by integrating clinical and multi-omic data. We uncovered 1235 tumor-specific lncRNAs, based on which three subtypes were identified. The lncRNA-based subtype 3 (L3) represented a subgroup of intestinal GC with worse survival, characterized by prevalent TP53 mutations, chromatin instability, hypomethylation, and over-expression of oncogenic lncRNAs. In contrast, the lncRNA-based subtype 1 (L1) has the best survival outcome, while LINC01614 expression further segregated a subgroup of L1 cases with worse survival and increased chance of developing distal metastasis. We demonstrated that LINC01614 over-expression is an independent prognostic factor in L1 and network-based functional prediction implicated its relevance to cell migration. Over-expression and CRISPR-Cas9-guided knockout experiments further validated the functions of LINC01614 in promoting GC cell growth and migration. Altogether, we proposed a lncRNA-based molecular subtype of GC that robustly predicts patient survival and validated LINC01614 as an oncogenic lncRNA that promotes GC proliferation and migration.