bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymptotic Behavior of Solutions of the Dirac System with an Integrable Potential
Authors: Rzepnicki Łukasz 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe consider the Dirac system on the interval [0, 1] with a spectral parameter $$\mu \in {\mathbb {C}}$$

μ
∈
C

and a complex-valued potential with entries from $$L_p[0,1]$$

L
p

[
0
,
1
]

, where $$1\le p$$

1
≤
p

. We study the asymptotic behavior of its solutions in a strip $$|\mathrm{Im}\,\mu |\le d$$

|
Im

μ
|
≤
d

for $$\mu \rightarrow \infty $$

μ
→
∞

. These results allow us to obtain sharp asymptotic formulas for eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of Sturm–Liouville operators associated with the aforementioned Dirac system.
Symplectic and Kähler structures on $$\mathbb CP^1$$-bundles over $$\mathbb CP^2$$
Authors: Lindsay Nicholas , Panov Dmitri 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe show that there exist symplectic structures on a$$\mathbb {CP}^1$$CP1-bundle over$$\mathbb {CP}^2$$CP2that do not admit a compatible Kähler structure. These symplectic structures were originally constructed by Tolman and they have a Hamiltonian$${\mathbb {T}}^2$$T2-symmetry. Tolman’s manifold was shown to be diffeomorphic to a$$\mathbb CP^1$$CP1-bundle over$$\mathbb {CP}^{2}$$CP2by Goertsches, Konstantis, and Zoller. The proof of our result relies on Mori theory, and on classical facts about holomorphic vector bundles over$$\mathbb {CP}^{2}$$CP2.
Almost-extreme Khovanov spectra
Authors: Cantero Morán Federico , Silvero Marithania 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe introduce a functor from the cube to the Burnside 2-category and prove that it is equivalent to the Khovanov spectrum given by Lipshitz and Sarkar in the almost-extreme quantum grading. We provide a decomposition of this functor into simplicial complexes. This decomposition allows us to compute the homotopy type of the almost-extreme Khovanov spectra of diagrams without alternating pairs.
MR Brain Screening in ADPKD Patients
Authors: Capelli I. , Zoli M. , Righini M. , Faccioli L. , Aiello V. , Spinardi L. , Gori D. , Friso F. , Rustici A. , Bortolotti C. , Graziano C. , Mantovani V. , Sciascia N. , Mazzatenta D. , Seri M. , Pastore Trossello M. , La Manna G. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Adult polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) still represents a major cause of renal failure and intracranial aneurisms (IA) have a higher prevalence in ADPKD than in the general population. Current guidelines suggest performing brain MRI only in the subjects with a positive familiar history of IAs or subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This is a retrospective case-control analysis to evaluate the usefulness of a MR screening program in ADPKD patients.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed all ADPKD patients followed in our outpatient clinic between 2016 and 2019 who underwent a brain MRI screening. We evaluated the presence of IAs and others brain abnormalities and compared our results with a non-ADPKD population (n = 300). We performed univariate and multivariate regression analysis to evaluate if general and demographic features, laboratory findings, clinical parameters and genetic test results correlated with IAs or other brain abnormalities presence.

Results
Among the patients evaluated 17 out of 156 (13.6%) ADPKD patients had IAs, compared to 16 out of 300 (5.3%) non-ADPKD controls (p < 0.005). Considering ADPKD patients presenting IAs, 12 (70.6%) had no family history for IAs or SAH. Genetic analysis was available for 97 patients: in the sub-population with IAs, 13 (76.5%) presented a PKD1 mutation and none a PKD2 mutation. We found that arachnoid cysts (AC) (p < 0.001) and arterial anatomical variants (p < 0.04) were significantly more frequent in ADPKD patients.

Conclusion
In our population ADPKD patients showed a higher prevalence of IAs, AC and arterial variants compared to non-ADPKD. Most of the IAs were found in patients presenting a PKD1 mutation. We found a significant number of alterations even in those patients without a family history of IAs or SAH. The practice of submitting only patients with familial IAs or kidney transplantation candidates to MRI scan should be re-evaluated.
Identifying Priorities, Targets, and Actions for the Long-term Social and Ecological Management of Invasive Non-Native Species
Authors: García-Díaz Pablo , Montti Lía , Powell Priscila Ana , Phimister Euan , Pizarro José Cristóbal , Fasola Laura , Langdon Bárbara , Pauchard Aníbal , Raffo Eduardo , Bastías Joselyn , Damasceno Gabriella , Fidelis Alessandra , Huerta Magdalena F. , Linardaki Eirini , Moyano Jaime , Núñez Martín A. , Ortiz María Ignacia , Rodríguez-Jorquera Ignacio , Roesler Ignacio , Tomasevic Jorge A. , Burslem David F. R. P. , Cava Mário , Lambin Xavier 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFormulating effective management plans for addressing the impacts of invasive non-native species (INNS) requires the definition of clear priorities and tangible targets, and the recognition of the plurality of societal values assigned to these species. These tasks require a multi-disciplinary approach and the involvement of stakeholders. Here, we describe procedures to integrate multiple sources of information to formulate management priorities, targets, and high-level actions for the management of INNS. We follow five good-practice criteria: justified, evidence-informed, actionable, quantifiable, and flexible. We used expert knowledge methods to compile 17 lists of ecological, social, and economic impacts of lodgepole pines (Pinus contorta) and American mink (Neovison vison) in Chile and Argentina, the privet (Ligustrum lucidum) in Argentina, the yellow-jacket wasp (Vespula germanica) in Chile, and grasses (Urochloa brizantha and Urochloa decumbens) in Brazil. INNS plants caused a greater number of impacts than INNS animals, although more socio-economic impacts were listed for INNS animals than for plants. These impacts were ranked according to their magnitude and level of confidence on the information used for the ranking to prioritise impacts and assign them one of four high-level actions—do nothing, monitor, research, and immediate active management. We showed that it is possible to formulate management priorities, targets, and high-level actions for a variety of INNS and with variable levels of available information. This is vital in a world where the problems caused by INNS continue to increase, and there is a parallel growth in the implementation of management plans to deal with them.
RNA-Seq Reveals the Effect of Ethylene on the Volatile Organic Components (VOCs) of Cavendish Banana at Different Post-harvesting Stages
Authors: Dou Tongxin , Hu Chunhua , Zhao Shujing , Gao Huijun , He Weidi , Deng Guiming , Sheng Ou , Bi Fangcheng , Yang Qiaosong , Li Chunyu , Yi Ganjun , Dong Tao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAroma serves as one of the decisive factors influencing the value of banana commodities. Most of characteristic volatile organic components (VOCs) are formed during post-harvesting. However, the changing of VOCs of banana at different post-harvesting stages remain ambiguous. In this study, the VOCs of Cavendish banana for the four typical post-harvesting stages (green stage/half of yellow stage/yellow ripening stage/over ripening stage) are clarified using headspace solid phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME), combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The results inferred that the relative content of branched-chain esters such as acetate and butyrate, which form the main contributors of aroma in bananas, is higher in the T2 and T3 stages. Further, RNA-Seq technology was employed to clarify the formation mechanism of banana aroma in the post-harvesting stage. TheMaTGL4gene of the linoleic acid metabolism pathway and theMaBCAT3andMaBCAT5genes of the valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation pathway in banana suggest the expression is active late in the ripening stage, and the upregulated expression of these genes is analogous to the formation of aroma components such as branched-chain esters and hexenal. The above results not only provide baseline data on the differences in physical and chemical properties of VOCs in various post-harvesting stages of banana production, but also provide theoretical guidance facilitating the subsequent improvement of the commercial value of bananas through genetic improvement.
Design and calibration of permanent magnet probes for the local measurement of velocity and temperature in a liquid metal backward facing step flow
Authors: Schaub Thomas , Wüstling Sascha , Konrad Joachim , Tasler Michael 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The simultaneous and local measurement of velocity and the temperature of a non-isothermal liquid metal flow has been an ongoing research topic over decades. The motivation is to obtain a detailed panorama of a liquid metal flow for the validation of turbulent heat flux models. So-called permanent magnet probes were used in the past for the local measurement of velocity and temperature profiles in liquid sodium in rather canonical flow configurations. The next step is to measure velocity and temperature profiles in a more complex flow geometry, namely a vertical confined backward facing step. For this, the permanent magnet probe must be adapted regarding its design, calibration procedure and temperature correction method. Particularly, considering that for this experiment the eutectic alloy of gallium, indium and tin was used as a working fluid, instead of liquid sodium, as in the mentioned past experiments. The main design aspects for a permanent magnet probe found in the literature are summarized and applied to the present probe. A calibration strategy for the probe was developed and implemented for the measurement of mean velocity profiles. A wetting procedure for the probe is proposed. The measured probe sensitivity for all six used probes agrees well with the theoretical estimations. The highest uncertainty contribution to measured sensitivity is related to the typical wetting issues of gallium–indium–tin. Future implementation of permanent magnet probes in general gallium–indium–tin experiments can make use of the developed know-how shared in this work.

Graphic abstract
Methyl jasmonate elicits distinctive hydrolyzable tannin, flavonoid, and phyto-oxylipin responses in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) leaves
Authors: Chang Lijing , Wu Sheng , Tian Li 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Main conclusion
Transcriptome and biochemical analyses suggested that, while suppression of multiple flavonoids and anthocyanins occurs at least partially at the transcriptional level, increased biosynthesis of non-jasmonate phyto-oxylipins is likely controlled non-transcriptionally.

Abstract
Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) produced in plants can mediate their response to environmental stresses. Exogenous application of MeJA has also shown to activate signaling pathways and induce phytoalexin accumulation in many plant species. To understand how pomegranate plants respond biochemically to environmental stresses, metabolite analysis was conducted in pomegranate leaves subjected to MeJA application and revealed unique changes in hydrolyzable tannins, flavonoids, and phyto-oxylipins. Additionally, transcriptome and real-time qPCR analyses of mock- and MeJA-treated pomegranate leaves identified differentially expressed metabolic genes and transcription factors that are potentially involved in the control of hydrolyzable tannin, flavonoid, and phyto-oxylipin pathways. Molecular, biochemical, and bioinformatic characterization of the only lipoxygenase with sustained, MeJA-induced expression showed that it is capable of oxidizing polyunsaturated fatty acids, though not located in the subcellular compartment where non-jasmonate (non-JA) phyto-oxylipins were produced. These results collectively suggested that while the broad suppression of flavonoids and anthocyanins is at least partially controlled at the transcriptional level, the induced biosynthesis of non-JA phyto-oxylipins is likely not regulated transcriptionally. Overall, a better understanding of how pomegranate leaves respond to environmental stresses will not only promote plant health and productivity, but also have an impact on human health as fruits produced by pomegranate plants are a rich source of nutritional compounds.
Face in collision: emotional looming stimuli modulate interpersonal space across development and gender
Authors: Silvestri Valentina , Grassi Massimo , Nava Elena 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBasic visual functions have evolved to allow for rapid detection of dynamic stimuli in our surrounding environment. In particular, looming stimuli are of relevance because they are expected to enter the individual’s interpersonal space representing a potential threat. Different studies showed that emotions can modulate the perception of visual looming stimuli and the borders of interpersonal space, defined as the area around the body that individuals maintain between themselves and others during social interactions. Here, we investigated how emotions modulate the perception and the physiological correlates of interpersonal space and whether such indexes change across age and gender. Children and adults were asked to quickly react to emotional looming stimuli while measuring their skin conductance response (SCR). We found that emotional looming stimuli shrink the borders of interpersonal space of males more than females, and that this pattern does not change with age. In addition, adults reacted faster to angry than happy and neutral faces, which is in line with the notion that threatening stimuli capture attention more quickly than other types of emotional stimuli. However, this was not observed in children, suggesting that experience with negative stimuli, rather than the evolutionary meaning they possess, may influence the boundaries of interpersonal space. Overall, our study suggests that interpersonal space is modulated by emotions, but this appears to be modulated by gender and age: while behavioural responses to emotional looming stimuli refine with age, physiological responses are adult-like as early as 5 years of age.
JNETS clinical practice guidelines for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up: a synopsis
Authors: Ito Tetsuhide , Masui Toshihiko , Komoto Izumi , Doi Ryuichiro , Osamura Robert Y. , Sakurai Akihiro , Ikeda Masafumi , Takano Koji , Igarashi Hisato , Shimatsu Akira , Nakamura Kazuhiko , Nakamoto Yuji , Hijioka Susumu , Morita Koji , Ishikawa Yuichi , Ohike Nobuyuki , Kasajima Atsuko , Kushima Ryoji , Kojima Motohiro , Sasano Hironobu , Hirano Satoshi , Mizuno Nobumasa , Aoki Taku , Aoki Takeshi , Ohtsuka Takao , Okumura Tomoyuki , Kimura Yasutoshi , Kudo Atsushi , Konishi Tsuyoshi , Matsumoto Ippei , Kobayashi Noritoshi , Fujimori Nao , Honma Yoshitaka , Morizane Chigusa , Uchino Shinya , Horiuchi Kiyomi , Yamasaki Masanori , Matsubayashi Jun , Sato Yuichi , Sekiguchi Masau , Abe Shinichi , Okusaka Takuji , Kida Mitsuhiro , Kimura Wataru , Tanaka Masao , Majima Yoshiyuki , Jensen Robert T. , Hirata Koichi , Imamura Masayuki , Uemoto Shinji 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNeuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare neoplasms that occur in various organs and present with diverse clinical manifestations. Pathological classification is important in the diagnosis of NENs. Treatment strategies must be selected according to the status of differentiation and malignancy by accurately determining whether the neoplasm is functioning or nonfunctioning, degree of disease progression, and presence of metastasis. The newly revised Clinical Practice Guidelines for Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (GEP-NENs) comprises 5 chapters—diagnosis, pathology, surgical treatment, medical and multidisciplinary treatment, and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1)/von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) disease—and includes 51 clinical questions and 19 columns. These guidelines aim to provide direction and practical clinical content for the management of GEP-NEN preferentially based on clinically useful reports. These revised guidelines also refer to the new concept of “neuroendocrine tumor” (NET) grade 3, which is based on the 2017 and 2019 WHO criteria; this includes health insurance coverage of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy for NEN, everolimus for lung and gastrointestinal NET, and lanreotide for GEP-NET. The guidelines also newly refer to the diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance of NEN associated with VHL disease and MEN1. The accuracy of these guidelines has been improved by examining and adopting new evidence obtained after the first edition was published.
Grazing Increases Soil Warming in Headwater Wetlands: Importance to Land Managers and Water Users
Authors: Booth D. Terrance , Likins John C. , Cox Samuel E. , Norton Jay B. , Anderson-Sprecher Richard C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe earth’s mountains continue to lose water. Glaciers are melting and mountain snow/rain balance tilts increasingly liquescent. Water is running off sooner—sometimes overfilling reservoirs, causing flooding, and setting the stage for late-season shortages. One adaptive strategy is to recover and enhance water-storage capacities of headwater riparian systems. Grazing, a common use of headwater lands, affects both soils and vegetation. To better understand how grazing might affect water storage and other ecosystem services of high elevation riparian wetlands, we measured soil-profile temperatures, soil organic matter (SOM), and phytomass at six sites in the upper Sweetwater River sub-basin of Wyoming, USA, where fence lines allowed us to contrast grazing management. We found grazed wetlands consistently had warmer soils than fenced wetlands. We found added evidence that SOM is important in both soil temperature control and water-storage potential of wetlands. We review evidence that warmer soil temperatures and drying cause loss of SOM with the implied concomitant C losses through erosion and emissions. We recommend land managers of temperate-climate headwater systems consider the need to end growing seasons with full stands of riparian vegetation to reduce soil warming and to build organic matter—particularly on lands where municipalities and other downstream water users are seeking long-term increases in water yields and less flooding.
Heart rate variability and delirium in acute non-cardioembolic stroke: a prospective, cross-sectional, cohort study
Authors: Rollo Eleonora , Marotta Jessica , Callea Antonio , Brunetti Valerio , Vollono Catello , Scala Irene , Imperatori Claudio , Frisullo Giovanni , Broccolini Aldobrando , Della Marca Giacomo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Delirium is an acute fluctuating disorder of attention and awareness. It is associated with autonomic dysfunction and increased mortality. The primary endpoint of our study was to measure autonomic activity in acute stroke patients, by means of heart rate variability analysis, in order to identify autonomic modifications that can predispose to delirium.

Methods
Patients were consecutively enrolled from the stroke unit. Inclusion criteria were age ≥ 18 years and diagnosis of stroke with onset within the previous 72 h confirmed by neuroimaging. Exclusion criteria were atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, and conditions requiring intensive care unit. Patients were evaluated by means of Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) and Confusion Assessment Method-Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) at baseline, after 72 h, or when symptoms suggesting delirium occurred. For each patient, ECG was recorded at baseline assessment and HRV analysis was conducted on five consecutive minutes of artifact-free ECG traces.

Results
Fifty-six ECGs were available for analysis. During the study period, 11 patients developed delirium. Patients with and without delirium did not differ for sex, age, severity of stroke, and comorbidities. The delirium group had greater standard deviation of the heart rate (DLR − :9.16 ± 8.28; DLR + : 14.36 ± 5.55; p = 0.026) and lower power spectral density of the HF component (DLR − : 38.23 ± 19.23 n.u.; DLR + : 25.75 ± 8.77 n.u.; p = 0.031).

Conclusions
Acute non-cardioembolic stroke patients with increased variability of heart rate and decreased vagal control are at risk for delirium.
Identification and Prioritisation of Mine Pollution Sources in a Temperate Watershed Using Tracer Injection and Synoptic Sampling
Authors: Byrne Patrick , Yendell Alan , Frau Ilaria , Todd Aaron M. L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIdentifying and prioritising mine sites for remediation is challenging due to inherently complex hydrological systems and multiple potential sources of mine pollution dispersed across watersheds. Understanding mine pollution dynamics in wet temperate watersheds is particularly challenging due to substantial variability in precipitation and streamflows, which increase the importance of diffuse sources. A tracer dilution and synoptic sampling experiment was conducted in a mined watershed in Scotland to identify the main sources of mine pollution, the relative importance of point and diffuse sources of pollution, and the potential benefits of mine site remediation to stream water quality. Using high spatial resolution metal loading datasets, the major Zn and Cd source areas were identified as point sources of mine water predominantly located in the upper part of the watershed. In contrast, the main sources of Pb were diffuse sources of mine tailings and wastes located in the lower part of the watershed. In the latter case, mobilisation of Pb occurred primarily from a section of braided wetland and an uncapped tailings area. Importantly, diffuse sources of mine pollution were found to be the dominant source of Pb, and an important source of Zn and Cd, even under steady-state streamflow conditions. Mass balance calculations suggest that treatment of the main mine water sources in the upper watershed and capping of the tailings deposit in the lower watershed could reduce stream trace metal concentrations by approximately 70%. These data support the development of conceptual models of mine pollution dynamics in wet temperate watersheds. These conceptual models are important as they: (1) help prioritise those mine sites and features for remediation that will deliver the most environmental and socio-economic benefit, and; (2) provide a means to quantify the importance of diffuse pollution sources that may increase in importance in the future as a result of changes in precipitation patterns in temperate watersheds.
The link between vision impairment and depressive symptomatology in late life: does having a partner matter?
Authors: Amilon Anna , Siren Anu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractVisual impairment contributes to poor mental health among older adults by restricting everyday functioning and participation. This study examined whether the negative link between vision impairment and depressive symptomatology was less severe among partnered than among single older adults. We merged data from a survey among people with vision impairment with a reference population from the most recent wave of the Danish Longitudinal Study of Ageing (DLSA) (N = 5831 Mage = 74.37, range: 65–97 years, 53.1% female), investigating whether paths from poor vision via three mediators—functional limitations, emotional support and participation in social activities—to depressive symptomatology differ by partnership status. Structural equation modeling suggested that the direct path from vision impairment to depressive symptomatology is more than twice as strong for single than for partnered older adults. Thus being partnered reduces the negative link from vision impairment to depressive symptomatology. However, the path from vision impairment to emotional support is significantly stronger among single than among partnered individuals. Thus negative spillover effects from the visual impairment on the non-impaired partner’s mental health may compromise that partner’s ability to provide emotional support. Taking into account both partnership status and the mental health of both partners may help professionals more precisely target interventions aimed at reducing the risk of depression in visually impaired older adults.