bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FORECASTING WHEAT PRODUCTIVITY IN IRAQ FOR THE PERIOD 2019-2025 USING MARKOV CHAINS
Authors: Alani L. A. F. , Alhiyali A. D. K. 
Published: April 2021

This research was aimed to reveal the level of wheat crop productivity in Iraq by forecasting it using Markov chains for the period 2019-2022 , also exploring ways to improve the productivity of the crop under investigation by studying recent predictive values that are mainly based on previous data not far away. The problem of the study is the low productivity of wheat crop and its failure to achieve levels comparable to global and regional productivity. As long as it represents a permanent problem, this calls for concern that casts a shadow on other aspects such as self-sufficiency in this crop and endangering food security at risk. The results showed a continued decrease in the productivity of the wheat crop due to the superiority of the changes in the area to the changes in production, which are among the most important factors in determining productivity as well as the other factors that surround them, which should be noted. Accordingly, the research recommended the necessity to follow vertical intensification in agriculture, which has proven effective in influencing the productivity of a unit area, in addition to the need for vertical intensification to be compatible with the provision of other factors, namely the provision of improved seeds, highly efficient fertilizers and the necessary pesticides. As well as the need for all of the above to be consistent with the quality and efficiency of management, which plays an effective role in raising productivity. From a statistical point of view, the research recommends adopting the Markov chains method in forecasting because it needs less stringent assumptions than other methods, including a few historical past observations series and fewer statistical tests.
AN OVERVIEW ON MECHANISM OF GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION
Authors: Elsahookie M. M. , Cheyed S. H. , Dawood A. A. 
Published: April 2021

Transcription factors, enhancers, promoters, and translation of genetic code is still in a wide argument of different views in many living organisms for their poorly characterized at the molecular level. It was shown that the coexistence of high mono – methylation levels of lysine 4 of histone H3 is considered a signature of enhancers. Gene expression could be altered by epigenetic and some biotic and abiotic stresses. Some sugars, hormones or amino acids could also alter gene expression. However, some investigators have shown that increased methylation at promoters was associated with down – regulated protein – coding gene expression . In genomic DNA methylation levels, it was found 24 nt small RNAs only were correlated with methylation. Other investigators have set framework for modelling gene regulation, three dimensions were set to draw the graph framework; DNA microstates (vertices), the transitions between microstates, (edges) and the transition rates (edge labels). They believed that their graph will provide a broader foundation for understanding how genes regulate their expressions. More recently, a team of Australian investigators in Medical Res. have shown a new i-motifs; a four–stranded DNA knot in living human cells. These i- motifs were believed to be responsible in helping genes to switch on or off. Future investigations in gene expression will probably be shown in different models than we have learned.
A MODEL SELECTION FOR PRICE FORCASTING OF CRUDE PALM OIL AND FRESH FRUIT BUNCH PRICE FORECASTING
Authors: Sukiyono K. , Arianti N. N. , Sumantri B. , Mustopa Romdhon M. , Suryanty M. 
Published: April 2021

This study was aimed to determining a fitted forecasting method for the forecasting of crude palm oil prices at international and domestic market as well as fresh fruit bunch prices at collecting merchant and farmer level in Bengkulu Province market by considering three models, namely, double exponential smoothing, autoregressive integrated moving average, and classical decomposition. The data used were monthly data of crude palm oil prices at domestic and world markets from January 2012 – October 2016 and January 2012 – April 2017, while the fresh fruit bunch data at collecting merchant and farmers in Bengkulu Province were also monthly data from 2007 – 2014. The result showedthat the most accurate method was ARIMA for all prices at all market levels. This decision was based on all criteria used to determine the best model including MAPE, MAD, and MSD.
Kedudukan BUMN Sebagai Kekayaan Negara Dalam Kaitannya Dengan Kerugian Keuangan Negara
Authors: Mayasari Dian Ety 
Published: April 2021

Jika merujuk pada konsep badan hukum, BUMN merupakan kekayaan negara yang dipisahkan untuk kemudian menjadi entitas tersendiri untuk mencari keuntungan atau melaksanakan pelayanan publik. Berdasarkan konsep tersebut maka kerugian yang dialami oleh BUMN tidak dapat dikategorikan sebagai kerugian keuangan negara. Namun pengaturan kedudukan keuangan BUMN tidak ditempatkan sebagai kekayaan yang dipisahkan. Hal ini dapat berpengaruh secara positif maupun negatif bagi BUMN.
Task set and instructions influence the weight of figural priors: A psychophysical study with extremal edges and familiar configuration
Authors: Ghose Tandra , Peterson Mary A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn figure–ground organization, the figure is defined as a region that is both “shaped” and “nearer.” Here we test whether changes in task set and instructions can alter the outcome of the cross-border competition between figural priors that underlies figure assignment. Extremal edge (EE), a relative distance prior, has been established as a strong figural prior when the task is to report “which side is nearer?” In three experiments using bipartite stimuli, EEs competed and cooperated with familiar configuration, a shape prior for figure assignment in a “which side is shaped?” task.” Experiment 1 showed small but significant effects of familiar configuration for displays sketching upright familiar objects, although “shaped-side” responses were predominantly determined by EEs. In Experiment 2, instructions regarding the possibility of perceiving familiar shapes were added. Now, although EE remained the dominant prior, the figure was perceived on the familiar-configuration side of the border on a significantly larger percentage of trials across all display types. In Experiment 3, both task set (nearer/shaped) and the presence versus absence of instructions emphasizing that familiar objects might be present were manipulated within subjects. With familiarity thus “primed,” effects of task set emerged when EE and familiar configuration favored opposite sides as figure. Thus, changing instructions can modulate the weighing of figural priors for shape versus distance in figure assignment in a manner that interacts with task set. Moreover, we show that the influence of familiar parts emerges in participants without medial temporal lobe/ perirhinal cortex brain damage when instructions emphasize that familiar objects might be present.
Imagine, and you will find – Lack of attentional guidance through visual imagery in aphantasics
Authors: Monzel Merlin , Keidel Kristof , Reuter Martin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAphantasia is the condition of reduced or absent voluntary imagery. So far, behavioural differences between aphantasics and non-aphantasics have hardly been studied as the base rate of those affected is quite low. The aim of the study was to examine if attentional guidance in aphantasics is impaired by their lack of visual imagery. In two visual search tasks, an already established one by Moriya (Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 80(5), 1127-1142, 2018) and a newly developed one, we examined whether aphantasics are primed less by their visual imagery than non-aphantasics. The sample in Study 1 consisted of 531 and the sample in Study 2 consisted of 325 age-matched pairs of aphantasics and non-aphantasics. Moriya’s Task was not capable of showing the expected effect, whereas the new developed task was. These results could mainly be attributed to different task characteristics. Therefore, a lack of attentional guidance through visual imagery in aphantasics can be assumed and interpreted as new evidence in the imagery debate, showing that mental images actually influence information processing and are not merely epiphenomena of propositional processing.
Gender Differences in Imaginary Audience And Depressive Symptomatology Among College Students
Authors: Kalsoom Ume , Rahim Sabeen , Akbar Huma 
Published: April 2021

OBJECTIVES:
The present study aimed to investigate gender differences on Imaginary Audience (IA) and depression among college students.
METHODOLOGY:
Six hundred college students, both boys (n=299) and girls (n=274) completed cross sectional survey. Data was collected from different colleges of Peshawar (KPK) from September- December 2016 using purposive sampling technique. The age range of the sample was 17-22 (M=19, SD=1.47) years. Two scales, New Imaginary Audience Scale (NIAS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were administered to them.

RESULTS:
Analysis of the findings was made using stepwise deletion technique for sample distribution and t-test. Statistically significant gender differences were found on New Imaginary Audience Scale (t=-2.48, p= .001) and Beck Depression Inventory (t=3.07, p= .02). Mean score was on NIAS were among girls, while on depression boys mean scores were prominent.
CONCLUSION:
The results of the present study concluded gender differences on both variables i-e NIAS and Depression. The findings further suggest that girls have prominent features of new imaginary audience in their student’s life whereas, boys pertain depressive symptoms during this period.
Probabilistic Association of Transients to their Hosts (PATH)
Authors: Aggarwal Kshitij , Budavári Tamás , Deller Adam T. , Eftekhari Tarraneh , James Clancy W. , Prochaska J. Xavier , Tendulkar Shriharsh P. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We introduce a new method to estimate the probability that an extragalactic transient source is associated with a candidate host galaxy. This approach relies solely on simple observables: sky coordinates and their uncertainties, galaxy fluxes, and angular sizes. The formalism invokes Bayes’ rule to calculate the posterior probability

from the galaxy prior P(O), observables x, and an assumed model for the true distribution of transients in/around their host galaxies. Using simulated transients placed in the well-studied Cosmic Evolution Survey field, we consider several agnostic and physically motivated priors and offset distributions to explore the method sensitivity. We then apply the methodology to the set of 13 fast radio bursts (FRBs) localized with an uncertainty of several arcseconds. Our methodology finds nine of these are securely associated to a single host galaxy,

. We examine the observed and intrinsic properties of these secure FRB hosts, recovering distributions similar to those found in previous works. Furthermore, we find a strong correlation between the apparent magnitude of the securely identified host galaxies and the estimated cosmic dispersion measures of the corresponding FRBs, which results from the Macquart relation. Future work with FRBs will leverage this relation and other measures from the secure hosts as priors for future associations. The methodology is generic to transient type, localization error, and image quality. We encourage its application to other transients where host galaxy associations are critical to the science, e.g., gravitational wave events, gamma-ray bursts, and supernovae. We have encoded the technique in Python on GitHub: https://github.com/FRBs/astropath.
The Diverse Morphology, Stellar Population, and Black Hole Scaling Relations of the Host Galaxies of Nearby Quasars
Authors: Zhao Yulin , Ho Luis C. , Shangguan Jinyi , Kim Minjin , Zhao Dongyao , Gao Hua 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present rest-frame B and I imaging of 35 low-redshift (

) Palomar–Green quasars using the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3. We perform multicomponent two-dimensional image decomposition to separate the host galaxy from its bright active nucleus, characterize its morphology, and measure its photometric properties. Special care is devoted to quantifying the structural parameters of the galaxy bulge, determining its B − I color, and estimating its stellar mass. Roughly half of the sample, comprising the less luminous (

) but most high Eddington ratio quasars, reside in disk galaxies that are often barred and possess pseudo bulges. The large stellar masses, large effective radii, and faint surface brightnesses suggest that the host galaxies of the most luminous quasars are mostly ellipticals. Major mergers constitute only a small percentage (≲20%) of our sample. Our quasar sample roughly obeys the scaling relations between black hole mass and host galaxy (bulge, core, total) stellar mass. Hosts with black holes more massive than

behave similarly to classical bulges and early-type galaxies, while those with less massive black holes, particularly the narrow-line Seyfert 1s, are consistent with pseudo bulges in late-type galaxies. The host galaxy bulges, irrespective of whether they are classical or pseudo, follow a relatively tight inverse relation between the effective radius and the mean effective surface brightness of inactive classical bulges and ellipticals. We argue that pseudo bulges experience recent or ongoing nuclear star formation.
Effects of the antinociceptive dipeptide L-tyrosine-L-arginine (kyotorphin) on the motivation, anxiety, and memory in rats
Authors: Angelova Hristina , Krumova Ekaterina , Dzhambazova Elena , Pechlivanova Daniela 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The endogenous dipeptide L-tyrosine-L-arginine (kyotorphin, KTP) is found in brain structures related to the processing of information for nociception, the control of emotions, and memory formation. Besides the antinociceptive effect of KTP, it has a mild protective activity against the deleterious influence of the brain hypoperfusion and streptozotocin on the behavior and memory.&nbsp;
Aim: We aimed to study the effects of the intracerebroventricular injection of effective antinociceptive doses of KTP on the motivational behavior, memory, and blood and hippocampal levels of the carbonylated proteins in healthy male adult Wistar rats.
Materials and methods: We used a paw-pressure test for assessment of acute nociception, an open field test for assessment of&nbsp;exploration and habituation to a new environment, elevated plus maze test for the evaluation of anxiety-like behavior, and novel&nbsp;object recognition test for working memory. Carbonylated protein assay was used for the assessment of the oxidative impairment of the&nbsp;proteins. The results were analyzed by ANOVA.
Results: The present data showed that all single doses of KTP exerted an antinociceptive effect, but this effect was not observed after chronic administration. Only the highest dose of 100 &micro;g was able to induce anxiolytic and motor inhibiting effects. None of the doses used showed effects on the recognition memory or the level of the carbonylated protein.&nbsp;
Conclusion: Our results showed that KTP exerted its antinociceptive effect without affecting negatively the blood and brain carbonylated protein or basic behavioral parameters related to the exploration, motivation, and memory formation in healthy rats.
Les Permanences d’accès aux soins de santé (PASS) : des sentinelles du système de santé
Authors: Quesemand Zucca Sylvie , Georges-Tarragano Claire 
Published: April 2021

À partir d’une expérience de soin intégrant les dimensions somatiques, psychiques et sociales en pass auprès de personnes migrantes, les auteurs interrogent ce que le soin aux marges pourrait apporter comme enseignement, en sortant d’un système gestionnaire et en réapprenant un travail collectif au plus près des patients, avec des soignants motivés et heureux. La collaboration pluriprofessionnelle a permis de répondre de façon réactive à une crise sans précédent, menaçant d’effondrement le système hospitalier. S’appuyer sur le modèle d’organisation des pass pourrait éviter une « crise chronique » du système de santé.
Noms communs de personne et adjectifs : quelles différences ?
Authors: Elmiger Daniel 
Published: April 2021

Les noms communs de personnes (ou noms d’humains), c’est-à-dire les désignations nominales référant à un être humain, présentent plusieurs points de ressemblance avec les adjectifs, que ce soit du point de vue morphologique, lexical, sémantique ou syntaxique. Les cas de passages d’une catégorie à l’autre, que ce soit sous forme d’adjectivation entrainant un changement catégoriel permanent, ou d’adjectivité ad hoc , sont fréquents. Sur la base d’un corpus de plus de 60 000 noms communs de personne et d’un dictionnaire de fréquence (réunissant un million de mots-formes), les différences et ressemblances entre noms communs de personne et adjectifs sont étudiées à propos des formes en - iste .
L’ adjectivité des épithètes antéposées sale et foutu
Authors: Yamamoto Daichi 
Published: April 2021

Le français dispose d’adjectifs dits « affectifs », tels que foutu , satané , maudit , sale , pauvre , malheureux … en position d’épithète antéposée au nom. Ils sont souvent considérés comme atypiques dans la catégorie adjectivale, puisqu’ils ont des propriétés syntaxiques particulières. Notre étude de cas sur sale et foutu se propose de mettre en évidence la différence existant parmi eux au niveau de leur caractère adjectival. À travers l’application des critères d’adjectivité aux deux adjectifs et un examen de leur affectivité, nous montrons que sale se comporte plus comme adjectif que foutu , dans sa fonction qualificative, mais aussi dans son usage affectif.
Outcomes Evaluation: Continuing Education in Rheumatology for Nurses
Authors: Sakalys Jurate , Carter Michael 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This program evaluation reports the effects of a week long nursing education program to improve professional nurses' (N = 96) abilities to assess and manage clients with rheumatological disorders. The program was conducted over a three year period. Participant achievement of program objectives was measured at two time points: immediately after program conclusion and again 3-6 months after program completion. Data collection instruments included a written knowledge test, patient record audits, and a semi-structured interview. Data analysis revealed positive program effects as demonstrated by: (1) statistically significant knowledge test score increments that persisted after program completion; and (2) self-report indicating clinical utilization of content and skills acquired in the program. Educational measurement issues relevant to evaluation of other professional continuing education programs also are discussed.
Developing Case Managers for Chronically III Children: Florida's Registered Nurse Specialist Program
Authors: Urbano Mary Theresa , vonWindeguth Barbara , Siderits Phyllis , Parker Jayne , Studenic-Lewis Cynthia 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This article describes the Florida Health and Rehabilitative Services/Children's Medical Services Nurse Specialist Program. This program is a statewide training and service delivery system designed to prepare selected nurses to provide comprehensive, family-centered case management services to children with special health care needs, within the home and community settings.
Collaborative Model for Continuing Education for Home Health Nurses
Authors: Moore Patricia , Pace Karen Beckman , Rapacz Katharine 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Nursing is at the heart of home care; therefore, the profession of nursing must ensure the availability of qualified nurses to provide and manage care in the growing and increasingly complex home care market. In response to this need, the College of Nursing, Arizona State University, developed a CE program for nurse clinicians and managers in home care. This article describes the development, implementation, and outcomes of a project that linked service agencies with education in this collaborative endeavor.
Teaching Basic Ethical Concepts and Decision-Making: A Staff Development Application
Authors: O'Neil J Anne 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Academic nursing programs are increasing the amount of ethical instruction presented to undergraduate and graduate students. However, nurses who graduated several years ago may find themselves without the background and skills needed to discuss the complex bioethical dilemmas they now face. This article presents the development of a continuing education program to acquaint nurses with basic ethical concepts and bioethical decision-making processes. Presentations were piloted with a small group of nurses from the outpatient department of a pediatric tertiary care hospital.
Creating Bicultural Experiences in Nursing
Authors: Hezekiah Jocelyn 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This article describes the process (activities) involved in helping Registered Nurse students from Pakistan in an international health project adjust to Canadian culture and readjust to their home culture. The process, involving both structured and informal activities in Pakistan and in Canada, was designed to assist the students in adapting to both the foreign and home cultures. These processes included both human and material resources. Predeparture and reentry workshops, support systems in the form of Karachi-based faculty advisers, and intensive orientation programs were identified as important factors in the project students' adjustment.
Meeting the Continuing Education Needs of Pediatric Nurses: The Pediatric Nurse Exchange Program
Authors: Cedagren Deanna , Dull Susan , Rodrigues-Fisher Lorraine , Hoffman Marjorie N , Morris Edith 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Today's dynamic health care environment offers multiple challenges as hospitals attempt to design and implement successful nursing career plans and support the development of professional nurses along such plans. The Pediatric Nurse Exchange Program is designed as a means for personal and professional development to support professional nurses as they are challenged to provide quality nursing care to children and their families. A pilot project is designed to provide experiences for professional nurses in three children's hospitals in Ohio. Exchange experiences, of two to five days in length, provide opportunities for nurses to share expertise, exchange patient care strategies, and develop skills as consultants, change agents, educators, and communicators. Nurse participants in the program are awarded continuing education contact hours for the experience.
Ethical Decision-Making in Nursing: Implications for Continuing Education
Authors: Smith Katharine Vogel 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTStaff nurses make ethical decisions daily. It is important that nurses know how to manage those decisions appropriately so that clients' ethical rights are honored without compromising the nurse's own moral conscience. In this phenomenological study, 19 staff nurses described their experiences in making ethical decisions in their practices. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using Giorgi's phenom enological steps. The description of the nurses' experiences identified two distinct components of the ethical decision-making process: deliberation and integration. The findings suggest that nurses need to: a) recognize the ethical nature of their work, b) discern which ethical decisions are theirs to make, and c) acknowledge their authority to make ethical decisions in their practices. These findings have important implications for the continuing education of nurses regarding ethical decision-making.