bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attributions of survival and methods of coping of long-term ovarian cancer survivors: a qualitative study
Authors: Ketcher Dana , Lutgendorf Susan K. , Leighton Susan , Matzo Marianne , Carter Jeanne , Peddireddy Arjun , Karlan Beth Y. , Tew William P. , Sood Anil K. , Shinn Eileen H. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Only 8–23% of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer patients survive for 10 years or longer. Given the need for targeted interventions to improve survival, we interviewed this relatively rare survivor population to gain personalized insights into the reasons for their survival. The aim of this study was to characterize subjective attributions of survival and specific coping mechanisms long-term survivors of ovarian cancer.

Methods
Twenty-two semi-structured, qualitative interviews assessing survival attributions and coping strategies were conducted from April to November 2014. Data were analyzed in a multistep process using ATLAS.ti.8: codes were identified during review of the transcripts and refined with literature review; the frequency of codes and code co-occurrence was calculated, and codes were grouped into themes. Resulting themes were checked by a national leader of an ovarian cancer advocacy organization and compared against available literature.

Results
Thematic analysis found that participants credited their long-term survival to a variety of factors including medical, social, religious/spiritual, and lifestyle/personal characteristics. Some participants rejected these same attributions, concluding that the reason for survival was due to luck or unknowable. Several of Carver et al.’s theoretical dimensions of coping were evident in our sample: planning, positive reinterpretation, social support, religion and acceptance whereas three relatively new strategies were uncovered: conserving emotional energy, value-based activity coping, and self-care.

Conclusions
Long-term survivors’ perspectives were largely consistent with those of newly diagnosed ovarian cancer patients and ovarian cancer survivors of shorter duration. However, the long-term survivors were also willing to reject conventional attributions for survival and recognized the importance of disciplined self-preservational coping strategies.
Alignment in implementation of evidence-based interventions: a scoping review
Authors: Lundmark Robert , Hasson Henna , Richter Anne , Khachatryan Ermine , Åkesson Amanda , Eriksson Leif 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Alignment (i.e., the process of creating fit between elements of the inner and outer context of an organization or system) in conjunction with implementation of an evidence-based intervention (EBI) has been identified as important for implementation outcomes. However, research evidence has so far not been systematically summarized. The aim of this scoping review is therefore to create an overview of how the concept of alignment has been applied in the EBI implementation literature to provide a starting point for future implementation efforts in health care.

Methods
We searched for peer-reviewed English language articles in four databases (MEDLINE, Cinahl, Embase, and Web of Science) published between 2003 and 2019. Extracted data were analyzed to address the study aims. A qualitative content analysis was carried out for items with more extensive information. The review was reported according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping review (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines.

Results
The database searches yielded 3629 publications, of which 235 were considered potentially relevant based on the predetermined eligibility criteria, and retrieved in full text. In this review, the results of 53 studies are presented. Different definitions and conceptualizations of alignment were found, which in general could be categorized as structural, as well as social, types of alignments. Whereas the majority of studies viewed alignment as important to understand the implementation process, only a few studies actually assessed alignment. Outcomes of alignment were focused on either EBI implementation, EBI sustainment, or healthcare procedures. Different actors were identified as important for creating alignment and five overall strategies were found for achieving alignment.

Conclusions
Although investigating alignment has not been the primary focus of studies focusing on EBI implementation, it has still been identified as an important factor for the implementation success. Based on the findings from this review, future research should incorporate alignment and put a stronger emphasize on testing the effectiveness of alignment related to implementation outcomes.
Effects of family-based dignity intervention and expressive writing on anticipatory grief of family caregivers of patients with cancer: a study protocol for a four-arm randomized controlled trial and a qualitative process evaluation
Authors: Seyedfatemi Naima , Ghezeljeh Tahereh Najafi , Bolhari Jafar , Rezaei Masoud 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Family caregivers of dying cancer patients are affected by grief experiences and bereavement complications. Several approaches such as psycho-emotional care and an increase in spirituality have been suggested to diminish these complications. However, the knowledge about the effects of family-based dignity intervention and expressive writing on anticipatory grief in family caregivers of dying cancer patients is limited. This is a study protocol describing a hospital-based mixed-methods study on the effects of family-based dignity intervention and expressive writing on anticipatory grief in family caregivers of dying cancer patients.

Methods
This mixed-methods study will be done in an embedded explanatory design with two quantitative and qualitative phases. In the first phase (quantitative), a randomized clinical trial will be done, in which 200 family caregivers of dying cancer patients will be randomly assigned to one of the four groups: family-based single dignity intervention (group 1), expressive writing intervention (group 2), combined family-based single dignity intervention and expressive writing (group 3), and control (group 4). At baseline, 1 week and 2 weeks after the interventions, anticipatory grief will be assessed by a 13-item anticipatory grief scale. After the quantitative phase, the qualitative phase will be conducted through the conventional content analysis approach of Granheim and Lundman, in which an individual semi-structured interview will be taken from participants in the first phase to collect data on their experiences on interventions. Finally, data from the quantitative and qualitative phases will be analyzed and discussed.

Discussion
Family caregivers of dying cancer patients usually experience depression, anxiety, and psychological distress due to isolation and inadequate social support. Psychological interventions such as dignity and expressive writing interventions may help caregivers to obtain a better understanding of themselves and to increase their abilities to cope with caregiving difficulties. Therefore, there is a need for a comprehensive study confirming the effects of mentioned interventions on family caregivers of dying cancer patients.

Trial registration
Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (www.irct.ir) identifier: IRCT20210111050010N1. Date of trial registration: Feb 6, 2021. This is the first version of this protocol.
Metarhizium anisopliae blastospores are highly virulent to adult Aedes aegypti, an important arbovirus vector
Authors: de Paula Adriano Rodrigues , Silva Leila Eid Imad , Ribeiro Anderson , da Silva Gerson Adriano , Silva Carlos Peres , Butt Tariq M. , Samuels Richard Ian 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
The use of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) for the control of adult mosquitoes is a promising alternative to synthetic insecticides. Previous studies have only evaluated conidiospores against adult mosquitoes. However, blastospores, which are highly virulent against mosquito larvae and pupae, could also be effective against adults.

Methods
Metarhizium anisopliae (ESALQ 818 and LEF 2000) blastospores and conidia were first tested against adult Aedes aegypti by spraying insects with spore suspensions. Blastospores were then tested using an indirect contact bioassay, exposing mosquitoes to fungus-impregnated cloths. Virulence when using blastospores suspended in 20% sunflower oil was also investigated.

Results
Female mosquitoes sprayed with blastospores or conidia at a concentration of 108 propagules ml−1 were highly susceptible to both types of spores, resulting in 100% mortality within 7 days. However, significant differences in virulence of the isolates and propagules became apparent at 107 spores ml−1, with ESALQ 818 blastospores being more virulent than LEF 2000 blastospores. ESALQ 818 blastospores were highly virulent when mosquitoes were exposed to black cotton cloths impregnated with blastospores shortly after preparing the suspensions, but virulence declined rapidly 12 h post-application. The addition of vegetable oil to blastospores helped maintain virulence for up to 48 h.

Conclusion
The results showed that blastospores were more virulent to adult female Ae. aegypti than conidia when sprayed onto the insects or applied to black cloths. Vegetable oil helped maintain blastospore virulence. The results show that blastospores have potential for use in integrated vector management, although new formulations and drying techniques need to be investigated.

Graphical abstract
Insights from Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis in vitro behavior and intercellular communication
Authors: Pereira Luiza O. R. , Sousa Cíntia S. , Ramos Hellen C. P. , Torres-Santos Eduardo C. , Pinheiro Liliane S. , Alves Marcelo R. , Cuervo Patricia , Romero Gustavo A. Sierra , Boité Mariana C. , Porrozzi Renato , Cupolillo Elisa 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Pentavalent antimonial-based chemotherapy is the first-line approach for leishmaniasis treatment and disease control. Nevertheless antimony-resistant parasites have been reported in some endemic regions. Treatment refractoriness is complex and is associated with patient- and parasite-related variables. Although amastigotes are the parasite stage in the vertebrate host and, thus, exposed to the drug, the stress caused by trivalent antimony in promastigotes has been shown to promote significant modification in expression of several genes involved in various biological processes, which will ultimately affect parasite behavior. Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis is one of the main etiological agents in the Amazon Basin region, with a high relapse rate (approximately 25%).

Methods
Herein, we conducted several in vitro analyses with L. (V.) guyanensis strains derived from cured and refractory patients after treatment with standardized antimonial therapeutic schemes, in addition to a drug-resistant in vitro-selected strain. Drug sensitivity assessed through Sb(III) half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) assays, growth patterns (with and without drug pressure) and metacyclic-like percentages were determined for all strains and compared to treatment outcomes. Finally, co-cultivation without intercellular contact was followed by parasitic density and Sb(III) IC50 measurements.

Results
Poor treatment response was correlated with increased Sb(III) IC50 values. The decrease in drug sensitivity was associated with a reduced cell replication rate, increased in vitro growth ability, and higher metacyclic-like proportion. Additionally, in vitro co-cultivation assays demonstrated that intercellular communication enabled lower drug sensitivity and enhanced in vitro growth ability, regardless of direct cell contact.

Conclusions
Data concerning drug sensitivity in the Viannia subgenus are emerging, and L. (V.) guyanensis plays a pivotal epidemiological role in Latin America. Therefore, investigating the parasitic features potentially related to relapses is urgent. Altogether, the data presented here indicate that all tested strains of L. (V.) guyanensis displayed an association between treatment outcome and in vitro parameters, especially the drug sensitivity. Remarkably, sharing enhanced growth ability and decreased drug sensitivity, without intercellular communication, were demonstrated.

Graphical Abstract
Designing a sustainable biofuel supply chain by considering carbon policies: a case study in Iran
Authors: Zarrinpoor Naeme , Khani Aida 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
Carbon emissions and global warming have increased as a result of population growth and greater usage of fossil fuels. Finding a long-term replacement for fossil fuels, such as biofuels, has become a major problem for energy supply management in recent years. Sustainability must be addressed as a key problem in building biofuel supply chains (BSCs), given the pressing need for societies to limit environmental consequences and promote social responsibility of company activities. Various modeling frameworks have been established so far to design a BSC. At the same time, no research exists that examines both the sustainable development paradigm and the influence of various carbon regulatory policies on the strategic and operational decisions made by BSCs.

Methods
This study develops a multi-objective, multi-period, multi-echelon BSC from switch grass regarding the economic, environmental and social aspects of sustainability. Four carbon policies are taken into account when assessing the environmental aspect: the carbon cap, the carbon tax, the carbon trade, and the carbon offset. To solve the multi-objective model, the fuzzy interactive programming method is used, and the fuzzy best–worst method is used to weight the social objective components.

Results
An actual case study in Iran is studied to demonstrate the model’s applicability. Under various carbon policies, different network configurations are obtained based on the location of switch grass resources and installed facilities. Biofuel production and transportation activities account for approximately 28% and 51% of total carbon emissions, respectively, according to numerical results. Furthermore, these activities account for roughly 62% of overall expenses. In the suggested case study, implementing the carbon trade policy reduces carbon emissions by more than 30% while increasing total profit by about 27%. In comparison to other policies, the carbon trade policy has a substantial impact on enhancing social considerations. Overall, the carbon trade policy can greatly improve the economic and environmental components of sustainability without significantly decreasing in the social sustainability.

Conclusions
The proposed model can assist policymakers and governments in simultaneously optimizing BSC profitability, carbon emission reduction, and social concern.
Long-term outcome of postpartum psychosis: a prospective clinical cohort study in 106 women
Authors: Rommel Anna-Sophie , Molenaar Nina Maren , Gilden Janneke , Kushner Steven A. , Westerbeek Nicola J. , Kamperman Astrid M. , Bergink Veerle 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Objective
We aimed to investigate the outcome of postpartum psychosis over a four-year follow-up, and to identify potential clinical markers of mood/psychotic episodes outside of the postpartum period.

Methods
One hundred and six women with a diagnosis of first-onset mania or psychosis during the postpartum period were included in this prospective longitudinal study. Women were categorized into either (1) recurrence of non-postpartum mood/psychotic episodes or (2) mania/psychosis limited to the postpartum period. We summarize the longitudinal course of the illness per group. We used a logistic regression model to identify clinical predictors of recurrence of mood/psychotic episodes outside of the postpartum period.

Results
Over two thirds of the women included in this study did not have major psychiatric episodes outside of the postpartum period during follow-up. The overall recurrence rate of mood/psychotic episodes outside the postpartum period was ~ 32%. Of these women, most transitioned to a bipolar disorder diagnosis. None of the women fulfilled diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia or schizophreniform disorder. No clinical markers significantly predicted recurrence outside of the postpartum period.

Conclusions
For the majority of women with first-onset postpartum psychosis, the risk of illness was limited to the period after childbirth. For the remaining women, postpartum psychosis was part of a mood/psychotic disorder with severe non-postpartum recurrence, mainly in the bipolar spectrum. No clinical predictors for risk of severe episodes outside the postpartum period emerged. Our findings add to previous evidence suggesting a fundamental link between postpartum psychosis and bipolar disorder, which may represent two distinct diagnoses within the same spectrum.
The digital reconstruction of degraded ancient temple murals using dynamic mask generation and an extended exemplar-based region-filling algorithm
Authors: Mol V. Rakhi , Maheswari P. Uma 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A mural is any piece of artwork sculpted or applied directly on a wall, ceiling or other permanent surface. This artwork symbolizes various culture’s, traditions, historical events, spiritual stories, and civilizations of respective societies of ancient times. But these mural paintings are subjected to degradation either by various natural causes as well as pollution or by human beings without knowing their value. Restoring these paintings requires skilled artisans who are hard to find these days. Consequently, an efficient image restoration technique is required to meet the particular needs of the paintings. Existing in-painting algorithms largely use pixel-based textural reconstruction. The technique, however, does not work well for images with large, degraded portions. and also fails in the restoration of the structure. To resolve these drawbacks, we propose a combined technique for the textural and structural reconstruction of ancient murals. The proposed Extended Exemplar-based Region-Filling Algorithm uses a patch-based reconstruction procedure and masked images are created automatically using the Dynamic Mask Generation Algorithm. The deteriorated portions are identified by creating masks, and masks are created in such a way that degraded portions have a pixel intensity value of one and the remaining part has a value of zero, and filling is done by analyzing the surrounding pixel values of the degraded pixel. The algorithm reconstructs the structure of the paintings efficiently by generating sketches. The proposed technique reconstructs both the structure and textural information, and ensures efficient reconstructed results, compared to existing in-painting techniques. Performance is evaluated by metrics such as the Mean Square Error (MSE), Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), and Structural Similarity Index (SSIM).
Impact of operational temperature changes and freeze–thaw cycles on the hydraulic conductivity of borehole heat exchangers
Authors: Kupfernagel Jan-Henrik , Hesse Jan Christopher , Schedel Markus , Welsch Bastian , Anbergen Hauke , Müller Lutz , Sass Ingo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA large share of the primary energy is consumed to provide space heating. Geothermal energy offers a regenerative alternative. For reasons of efficiency and environmental protection, it is important to ensure the system integrity of a borehole heat exchanger (BHE). Previous investigations have focused on the individual components of the BHE or on the grout and pipe systems’ integrity. This study focused on the analysis of the hydraulic system integrity of the complete subsoil–grout–pipe system as well as possible thermally induced changes. For this purpose, a pilot-scale experiment was built to test a 1-m section of a typical BHE under in situ pressure, hydraulic and temperature conditions. During the tests the hydraulic system permeability of the soil and the BHE was measured continuously and separately from each other. In addition, the temperature monitoring array was installed in a 50-cm cross-sectional area. Significant temperature-related fluctuations in the sealing performance could be observed. Hydraulic conductivity limits required by VDI 4640-2 (Thermal use of the underground—ground source heat pump systems, 2019) were exceeded without frost action. The succeeding application of freeze–thaw cycles further enhances the system permeability. The study shows that the thermally induced effects on the system integrity of the BHE are larger and more significant than the subsequent frost-induced effects. The hydrophobic character of the high-density polyethylene (PE-HD) pipes as well as its high coefficient of thermal expansion seem to be the main points of weakness in the system. Optimization research should focus on the interface connection between grout and pipe, whereby hydrophilic pipe materials such as stainless steel or aluminum should also be considered as well as manipulation of the pipe surface properties of PE-HD.
2021 World of Shipping Portugal: An International Research Conference on Maritime Affairs Editorial
Authors: Casaca Ana Cristina Paixão , Loja Maria Amélia Ramos 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCurrently, the shipping industry is at a crossroads. Although it has overcome numerous technological barriers and finance and economic crises over the years, the industry is facing its most prominent challenge, which rests on finding the most feasible solutions to deal with industry decarbonisation until 2050. Within this scope, the current Editorial addresses the issue of sulphur emissions that the industry faced with the entrance of the sulphur regulation on 1 January 2020 and draws attention to the road that the industry players need to cover to decarbonise the shipping industry. Innovative measures like the Poseidon Principles or the Sea Cargo Charter are in place, and industry players are coming together to find feasible solutions. Within this regulatory environment, the shipping industry also had to deal with the COVID-19 Pandemic. However, some market segments, such as the container and dry bulk ones, have managed to survive, which is not the case with the tanker market. Altogether, these events draw the industry to deal with the market, technology, and regulatory challenges and risks whose outcome is yet to be seen. The Editorial concludes by presenting briefly the papers published in this Special Issue, which were selected among the ones presented at the 2021 World of Shipping Portugal, an international research conference on maritime affairs, 28–29 January 2021, that took place online from Portugal to the World due to the Covid-19 pandemic.