bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular classification reveals the diverse genetic features and prognosis of gastric cancer: a multi-omics consensus ensemble clustering
Authors: Hu Xianyu , Wang Zhenglin , Wang Qing , Chen Ke , Han Qijun , Bai Suwen , Du Juan , Chen Wei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common tumor around the world, it is necessary to reveal novel molecular subtypes to guide the selection of patients who may benefit from specific target therapy.MethodsMulti-omics data, including RNA-sequence of transcriptomics (mRNA, LncRNA, miRNA), DNA methylation and gene mutation of TCGA-STAD cohort was used for the clustering. Ten classical clustering algorithms were applied to recognize patients with different molecular features via the R package “MOVICS”. The activated signaling pathways were evaluated using the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis. The difference distribution of gene mutations, copy number alterations and tumor mutation burden was compared, and potential response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy was assessed as well.ResultsTwo molecular subtypes (CS1 and CS2) were recognized by ten clustering algorithms with further consensus ensembles. Patients in the CS1 group were found to contain a shorter average overall survival time (28.5 vs. 68.9 months,P= 0.016), and progression-free survival (19.0 vs. 63.9 months, P = 0.008) compared to the CS2 group. CS1 group contained more activation of extracellular associated biological process, while CS2 group displayed the activation of cell cycle associated pathways. The significantly higher total mutation numbers and neo antigens were observed in CS2 group, along with the specific mutation of TTN, MUC16 and ARID1A. Higher infiltration of immunocytes were also observed in CS2 group, reflected to the potential benefit from immunotherapy. Moreover, CS2 group also can response to 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin, and paclitaxel. The similar diverse of clinical outcome of CS1 and CS2 groups were successfully validation in external cohorts of GSE62254, GSE26253, GSE15459, and GSE84437.ConclusionNovel insight into the GC subtypes was obtained via integrative analysis of five omics data by ten clustering algorithms, which can provide the idea to the clinical target therapy based on the specific molecular features.
An investigation of euro diesel-hydrogen dual-fuel combustion at different speeds in a small turbojet engine
Authors: Akçay Ismail Hakki Hakkı , Gürbüz Habib , Akçay Hüsameddin , Aldemir Mustafa 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
This study seeks the effect on static thrust, thrust specific energy consumption (TSEC) and exhaust emissions of euro diesel-hydrogen dual-fuel combustion in a small turbojet engine.

Design/methodology/approach
Experimental studies are performed in a JetCat P80-SE type small turbojet engine. Euro diesel and hydrogen is fed through two different inlets in a common rail distributing fuel to the nozzles. Euro diesel fuel is fed by a liquid fuel pump to the engine, while hydrogen is fed by a fuel-line with a pressure of 5 bars from a gas cylinder with a pressure of approximately 200 bars.

Findings
At different engine speeds, it is found that there is a decrease at the TSEC between a range of 1% and 4.8% by different hydrogen energy fractions (HEF).

Research limitations/implications
The amount of hydrogen is adjusted corresponding to a range of 0–20% of the total heat energy of the euro diesel and hydrogen fuels. The small turbojet engine is operated between a range of 35,000 and 95,000 rpm engine speeds.

Practical implications
On the other hand, remarkable improvements in exhaust emissions (i.e. CO, CO2, HC and NOx) are observed with HEFs.

Originality/value
This is through providing improvements in performance and exhaust emissions using hydrogen as an alternative to conventional jet fuel in gas turbine engines.
Momentum investing: evidence from the US tourism and hospitality
Authors: Shaker Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThe present research aims to examine a range of momentum trading strategies for the tourism and hospitality sector.Design/methodology/approachThe paper followed the methodology of Jegadeesh and Titman (1993) to construct the portfolios. In this methodology, all portfolios were formed and evaluated by their cumulative stock returns over the past J periods and holding the position for the next K periods. In total, nine formation and holding periods were used, represented by 3, 6 and 12. For example, strategy 3–3 (that is, strategy with J = 3 and K = 3) refers to the strategy that stocks are ranked based on their previous three months and then held for the next three months.FindingsThe findings demonstrated that none of these momentum investing strategies was profitable. Most of the results, however, show positive, but insignificant momentum returns. This finding can be interpreted as price reversal over a horizon of three to twelve months in the US hospitality and tourism sector. These results are robust to size, different formation and holding combinations, beta and turnover.Research limitations/implicationsRegarding the research limitations, this paper only considers the US tourism and hospitality sector. Therefore, the extension of results to other developed and developing markets should be taken carefully. Also, this paper relies only on the methodology of Jegadeesh and Titman (1993). Other methodologies could be suitable avenues for future research.Practical implicationsInvestors and portfolio managers who seek for earning abnormal returns by investing in the US HT stocks can attain their hopes by constructing portfolios based on existing guidelines in the literature and adopting a short-term reversal trading strategy or by buying past losers and selling past winners of the US tourism and hospitality stocks.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the hospitality finance literature by offering the investors who are interested in the US hospitality and tourism sector an uncomplicated trading rule that uses real return data and is expected to generate actual returns. Moreover, the momentum strategy of Jegadeesh and Titman (1993) is never used in the hospitality finance literature.
Linear stability analysis of non-Newtonian blood flow with magnetic nanoparticles: application to controlled drug delivery
Authors: Tiam Kapen Pascalin , Njingang Ketchate Cédric Gervais , Fokwa Didier , Tchuen Ghislain 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
For this purpose, a linear stability analysis based on the Navier–Stokes and Maxwell equations is made leading to an eigenvalue differential equation of the modified Orr–Sommerfeld type which is solved numerically by the spectral collocation method based on Chebyshev polynomials. Unlike previous studies, blood is considered as a non-Newtonian fluid. The effects of various parameters such as volume fraction of nanoparticles, Casson parameter, Darcy number, Hartmann number on flow stability were examined and presented. This paper aims to investigate a linear stability analysis of non-Newtonian blood flow with magnetic nanoparticles with an application to controlled drug delivery.

Design/methodology/approach
Targeted delivery of therapeutic agents such as stem cells and drugs using magnetic nanoparticles with the help of external magnetic fields is an emerging treatment modality for many diseases. To this end, controlling the movement of nanoparticles in the human body is of great importance. This study investigates controlled drug delivery by using magnetic nanoparticles in a porous artery under the influence of a magnetic field.

Findings
It was found the following: the Casson parameter affects the stability of the flow by amplifying the amplitude of the disturbance which reflects its destabilizing effect. It emerges from this study that the taking into account of the non-Newtonian character is essential in the modeling of such a system, and that the results can be very different from those obtained by supposing that the blood is a Newtonian fluid. The presence of iron oxide nanoparticles in the blood increases the inertia of the fluid, which dampens the disturbances. The Strouhal number has a stabilizing effect on the flow which makes it possible to say that the oscillating circulation mechanisms dampen the disturbances. The Darcy number affects the stability of the flow and has a stabilizing effect, which makes it possible to increase the contact surface between the nanoparticles and the fluid allowing very high heat transfer rates to be obtained. It also emerges from this study that the presence of the porosity prevents the sedimentation of the nanoparticles. By studying the effect of the magnetic field on the stability of the flow, it is observed that the Hartmann number keeps the flow completely stable. This allows saying that the magnetic field makes the dissipations very important because the kinetic energy of the electrically conductive ferrofluid is absorbed by the Lorentz force.

Originality/value
The originality of this paper resides on the application of the linear stability analysis for controlled drug delivery.
Human rights violations during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Elshobake Mohammed R.M. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the most prominent human rights violations during the COVID-19 pandemic in accordance with international human rights law.

Design/methodology/approach
Through doctrinal and legal study and content analysis, this paper analyses the important relevant legal provisions under International human rights law and applies these provisions to the reality of managing the COVID-19 crisis to identify the most prominent human rights violations during the COVID-19 outbreak. This research paper considered as a review paper in that it provides a review of the most prominent measures taken during the COVID-19 crisis, which constitutes violations of international human rights law.

Findings
It is concluded that some measures that have been taken by countries to confront the COVID-19 pandemic have constituted violations of human rights and did not comply with the legal conditions to restrict human rights. Indeed, the COVID-19 pandemic has shown the ugly fractures in health-care systems, health inequities, racism and discrimination, Undermining the right to freedom of expression and the right to access information, gross negligence in protecting detainees from COVID-19 infection, all of these constitute clear violations of the principles of international human rights law.

Research limitations/implications
The spread of COVID-19 has not stopped, and its effects still continue, including human rights violations. Therefore, this paper cannot enumerate all human rights violations that occur during the spread of COVID-19.

Practical implications
Based on the results in this paper, governments need to be more prepared to face any health crisis at all levels including health care, which would reduce human rights violations.

Social implications
This research paper reflects positively on the social reality, as the adoption of its recommendations leads to the provision of adequate health care to all members of society in accordance with the principles of human rights, granting them the right to access information, protecting their right to freedom of expression, reducing the phenomenon of racism and discrimination and providing adequate health care to all detainees.

Originality/value
This paper studies an up-to-date topic that we are still living and seeing its effects. The benefit of this paper is to provide recommendations that protect human rights during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Impact of proactive personality and leader member exchange on innovative work behavior: a job design perspective
Authors: Zuberi Marium Arslan , Khattak Arif 
Published: June 2021

PurposeIt has been established that innovation is determined by leadership and personality characteristics. Further inquiry in this line of research is encouraged. Accordingly, the authors propose inter-correlations between personality, leadership, innovation and job design characteristics. The purpose of this paper is to understand how proactive personality and leader member exchange can derive innovative work behavior, in employees of telecommunication industry, by increasing task feedback and task significance.Design/methodology/approachA deductive approach was used to propose hypotheses. Objective data were collected through a cross sectional survey of 292 samples from three large multinational telecommunication companies located in Islamabad (Pakistan). The survey instrument was a 25-item questionnaire adopted from previously developed and well-validated scales used by prior researches. The survey yielded findings in support of proposed hypotheses of the study.FindingsHierarchical regression analysis yielded findings, which suggested that proactive personality and leader member exchange (LMX) both have a strong positive relationship with innovative work behavior (IWB). Furthermore, task significance and task feedback were found to moderate the aforementioned relationships such that strong leader member exchange and proactive personalities resulted in increased innovative work behavior at higher levels of task feedback and task significance.Practical implicationsThe managers can raise their innovation enhancing strategies one step higher by integrating it with enhanced task feedback and significance. This can be done while working on the relationship of their employees with the leaders/managers and by encouraging proactive personalities at work. Infusing the proposed integrated and holistic framework, of innovative behavior, into their organizations will lead to better retention of key employees, higher job satisfaction and increased loyalty.Originality/valueThis paper adds significance to the extant literature by examining proactive personality and LMX as determinants of innovative work behavior and the moderating impact of job design characteristics in the context of telecommunication companies, particularly from developing countries, such as Pakistan. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that has tested the interplay between a relational concept of leadership (LMX), proactive personality, task significance and task feedback and the outcome variable innovative work behavior.
Determining the tribological behavior of 316L stainless steel with lubricating micro-channels produced by the selective laser melting (SLM) method
Authors: Turalıoğlu Kerem , Taftalı Merve , Yetim Fatih 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
This study aims to produce lubricating surfaces with micro-channels by the selective laser melting (SLM) method, and to investigate their tribological behavior.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, three kinds of samples with different geometries were designed, impregnated with oil and then subjected to flow analysis in a virtual environment using Ansys Fluent software. According to the results of these analyses, the best-lubricated surface geometry sample was identified, and a number of geometries were produced by SLM, which is one of the additive manufacturing methods. Tribological tests were performed using a pin-on-disk tribometer with a stainless steel ball as the contact surface. The structural and morphological features were investigated by a three-dimensional profilometer and scanning electron microscopy.

Findings
The results obtained showed that the impregnated oil reached the surface of the sample compared to untreated samples, and it was seen that the wear rates were reduced, and that the impregnated oil samples exhibited the highest wear resistance.

Originality/value
In this study, solid geometries that are difficult to be produced by other methods are produced with additive manufacturing method, and the surfaces have been given lubricating properties.
Portfolio performance under tracking error and benchmark volatility constraints
Authors: Hausner Jan Frederick , van Vuuren Gary 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
Using a portfolio comprising liquid global stocks and bonds, this study aims to limit absolute risk to that of a standardised benchmark and determine whether this has a significant impact on expected return in both high volatility period (HV) and low volatility period (LV).

Design/methodology/approach
Using a traditional benchmark comprising 40% equity and 60% bonds, a constant tracking error (TE) frontier was constructed and implemented. Portfolio performance for different TE constraints and different economic periods (expansion and contraction) was explored.

Findings
Results indicate that during HV, replicating benchmark portfolio risk produces portfolios that outperform both the maximum return (MR) portfolio and the benchmark. MR portfolios outperform those with the same risk as that of the benchmark in LV. The MR portfolio weights assets to obtain the highest return on the TE frontier. During HV, the benchmark replicated risk portfolio obtained a higher absolute risk value than that of the MR portfolio because of an inefficient benchmark. In HV, the benchmark replicated risk portfolio favoured intermediate maturity treasury bills.

Originality/value
There is a dearth of literature exploring the performance of active portfolios subject to TE constraints. This work addresses this gap and demonstrates, for the first time, the relative portfolio performance of several standard portfolio choices on the frontier.
Why firms stop introducing innovations in the great recession: aggregate demand, financial constraints and risk
Authors: Ortiz Javier , Salas-Fumás Vicente 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
With Spanish Community Innovation Survey data, this paper tests two main hypotheses as explanation of the fall in business innovation output in the Great Recession: the aggregate demand effect (firms have lower propensity to initiate innovation projects in recession than in contraction from demand-pull and profit expectations effects) and the risk effect (a greater proportion of the initiated projects fail in recessions than in expansions).

Design/methodology/approach
The research methodology consists on first modelling the decision by firms to initiate innovation projects in t or not (probit model), and, second, modelling the outcomes, success or failure in t + 1 of firms that decide to initiate (Heckman model).

Findings
The empirical results support the two hypotheses. They also indicate that the sensitivity of the decision to initiate innovation projects to the aggregate demand is more pronounced among financially constrained firms than among unconstrained ones, while the risk effect appears to be independent of the financial situation of firms.

Research limitations/implications
The results of the research are limited by not being able to follow up individual innovation projects, and by not having available a more representative sample of firms where non-innovators and potential innovators are represented (now is biased toward potential innovators).

Practical implications
The results highlight the importance of macroeconomic stability for sustained business innovation output over time and calls managers’ attention in better management of innovation risk.

Social implications
The results of the paper recommend macroeconomic polies aimed at the stabilization of aggregate demand and smoothing the business cycle, as a way to contribute to the stabilization of the growth of innovation output over time. Monetary and fiscal policies that smooth the business cycle will then have significant effects in the stabilization of innovation output and, in turn, in the reduction of volatility of economic growth over time. Increasing the direct public financial aid to undertake innovation projects in recession periods will not have the same innovation output stabilization effect than the stabilization of the aggregate demand. The reason is that, as the paper points out, the innovation output of financially unconstrained firms is also affected negatively by the contraction of aggregate demand in recession periods.

Originality/value
This paper is the first one to investigate the differences in business innovation outputs in expansions and recessions, separating the aggregate demand and the risk effect that the organisation for economic co-operation and development identifies as main determinants of the fall in innovation output during the Great Recession. The decomposition of firms’ innovation output in the decision to initiate innovation projects and the likelihood that those initiated succeed is also new in the literature.
Determinants of choosing a foreign brand in emerging economy: lessons and implication for the local entrepreneurs
Authors: Momen Md. Abdul , Sultana Seyama , Ferdousi Farhana , Shahriar Shamsul Huq Bin 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
It is evident that the local small and medium enterprises of Bangladesh suffered in the competition because of the strong presence of foreign brands in the market. The purpose of this study is to figure out the factors influencing consumers to purchase a foreign brand predominantly among young consumers.

Design/methodology/approach
It is a quantitative study considering 257 young demographics as respondents. They are drawn randomly. Confirmatory factor analysis, regression analysis and a path model of structural equation model using AMOS graphics software are used in this study to analyze the data.

Findings
This study finds two out of three identified variables are influencing the foreign product purchase for the young Bangladeshi consumers. Brand value and product features of the given foreign product are the most dominant factors behind this adoption. However, a significant relationship between product quality and brand choice is not evident in this study.

Research limitations/implications
It will give a clue to the small or medium startup of the country that normally target the young customer but face challenges to understand their mind and sometimes lagging because of the strong presence of the international brands.

Originality/value
A comprehensive review of the literature suggests that not so many studies took place that determines the respective factors behind the purchase of foreign brands particularly among young demographics of a lower middle income developing nation.
Changes in species, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of Aculeata communities along elevational gradients in the Kyushu Central Mountains of the Japanese archipelago
Authors: Uemori Kazushige , Mita Toshiharu , Hishi Takuo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractClimate change can degrade a community of Aculeata bees and wasps with important ecosystem roles, such as pollination and predation. In this study, we evaluated patterns in the species, functional, and phylogenetic diversity (PD) of Aculeata communities along elevational gradients in Miyazaki Prefecture, south of the Japanese archipelago. We used yellow pan traps to collect Aculeata at 200–1600 m above sea level for three seasons. We tested five functional traits (body size, trophic level, feeding guild, flight duration, and elevational range) and horizontal distribution of the species. The species diversity (SD) increased with increasing elevation. Body size, trophic level, and distribution diversity increased with increasing elevation. The community‐weighted mean trophic level and flight duration decreased with increasing elevation. PD increased with increasing elevation. The number of northern species increased with increasing elevation. Trophic structure and high seasonal segregation by shortening flight duration should promote high SD at high elevation. The results of PD suggest that geographical barriers preventing the southern species migration decreased SD at low elevations. Community degradation in the lowlands can occur with geographical barriers that limit north–south migration. We show that evaluations of functional traits and phylogeny can reveal the mechanisms underlying community assembly at our sites, where both environmental and geographical conditions affect community assembly.