bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Case-study: Temperature Distribution and Heat Penetration in Steam-air Retort, Using Glass Jars and Retort Pouches
Authors: Raits Evalds , Pinte Lasma , Kirse-Ozolina Asnate , Muizniece-Brasava Sandra 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Retort thermal sterilization of canned food is a technology, which allows preserving food products by applying heat on packaged food in retorts (autoclaves) at temperatures up to 121 °C. The thermodynamics of the processes in the retort are influenced by the product stacking method in the basket and packaging material. The aims of this study were: 1) to analyse and compare temperature distribution (TD) and the slowest to heat location in the steam-air retort stacked with glass jars and with retort pouches; 2) to analyse and compare commercial product heat penetration (HP) characteristics in glass jars and retort pouches. Temperature measurements were performed with wireless thermocouples. The come-up time (heating phase) required to achieve in the retort temperature uniformity criteria of ±0.5 °C, is 28 min when the retort is stacked with glass jars, and 24 min when the retort is stacked with retort pouches. Total calculated process time (holding phase), necessary to achieve the sterilization value (F0 of 3 min), for sample in glass jars was 67 min, but in retort pouches – 62 min. The overall sterilization process time difference between two considered packaging types was 9 min, which is significant amount of time in the context of commercial processing. The study clearly shows the necessity to perform the Temperature Distribution and Heat Penetration study, as each packaging material, stacking method and product will affect sterilization process thermodynamics and, therefore, the overall process time and consequently - the safety of food product.
Diagnostic performance of apparent diffusion coefficient values for the differentiation of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma from gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma liver metastases
Authors: Yilmaz Temel Fatih , Gultekin Mehmet Ali , Turk Hacı Mehmet , Besiroglu Mehmet , Cesme Dilek Hacer , Simsek Melih , Alkan Alpay , Toprak Huseyin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background
We aimed to investigate whether there is a difference between intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) and liver metastases of gastrointestinal system (GIS) adenocarcinoma in terms of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values.

Patients and methods
From January 2018 to January 2020, we retrospectively examined 64 consecutive patients with liver metastases due to gastrointestinal system adenocarcinomas and 13 consecutive IHCC in our hospital’s medical records. After exclusions, fifty-three patients with 53 liver metastases and 10 IHCC were included in our study. We divided the patients into two groups as IHCC and liver metastases of GIS adenocarcinoma. For mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmean) values, the region of interests (ROI) was placed in solid portions of the lesions. ADCmean values of groups were compared.

Results
The mean age of IHCC group was 62.50 ± 13.49 and mean age of metastases group was 61.15 ± 9.18. ADCmean values were significantly higher in the IHCC group compared to the metastatic group (p < 0.001). ROC curves method showed high diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.879) with cut-off value of < 1178 x 10-6 mm2/s for ADCmean (Sensitivity = 90.57, Specificity = 70.0, positive predictive value [PPV] = 94.1, negative predictive value [NPV] = 58.3) in differentiating adenocarcinoma metastases from IHCC.

Conclusions
The present study results suggest that ADC values have a potential role for differentiation between IHCC and GIS adenocarcinoma liver metastases which may be valuable for patient management.
Design for learning in the third space: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Ferrari Simona , Triacca Serena , Braga Gianluca 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Many educational agents offer paths that allow school to turn itself into a ‘third space’. Caritas Ambrosiana, based on a ‘pedagogy of facts’, proposes interventions to promote soft skills in schools. This non-formal education agency committed Research Center about Media Education, Innovation and Technology (CREMIT) of Catholic University for a project to improve their school programme and training effectiveness. We chose the participatory action research paradigm to verify how to design an educational path by applying third-space principles in the school context and how digital media can be embedded into the practice to enable a more porous exchange of experiences and expertise between students, educators and the school curriculum.
The accompanying plan was designed on the basis of the initial questionnaire data analysis: sociomateriality was the main focus because it was considered by Caritas educators as one of the least important elements to include in the design process. The second reason is the need to rethink on-site training formats to face the challenges of the Covid-19 emergency.
As expected, after the training intervention, sociomateriality had a significant growth in the design practices. The other third-space pedagogy elements (peering, experiential orientation, motivation, pleasure of making together) are maintained and reinforced, thanks to digital literacy.
Stress-weighted spatial averaging of random fields in geotechnical risk assessment
Authors: Brząkała Włodzimierz 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Effects of spatial fluctuations of soil parameters are considered in a new context – considering variability of soil parameters in conjunction with non-uniform stress fields, which can locally amplify (or suppress) subsoil inhomogeneities. In this way, several design situations for the Coulomb frictional material with random tan(φ(x)) reveal a reduction of variance, which is less significant than for the standard volume averaging. When looking for an ‘effective’ random variable [tan(φ)]a – that is, a random variable, which is equivalent to the random field tan(φ(
x
)) – the Vanmarcke averaging by simple volume integrals is insufficient; it systematically overestimates effects of variance reduction, thus causing potentially unsafe situations. The new proposed approach is coherent, formally defined and more realistic.
Divagations on the Appropriate Satellite System from GNSS for Aviation
Authors: Fellner Andrzej , Konieczka Robert 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
American military satellite GPS system is an element of the global GNSS. It emits two codes: the precise and civil one. As late as in 2000, intentional interference that decreased precision of localization was introduced, allowing navigation accuracy of 20 m. GPS was made available to civil users, however, at their own responsibility. So, if we use GPS for our own goals, we must consider the errors that occur and their consequences. Nonetheless, commercial and operational needs determine the necessity of permanent access to satellite signal with appropriate consistency, accessibility, reliability and precision. Hence, natural and intentional errors are compensated for, using appropriate methods, based on a given activity.
Possibilities of Building Connection of M.R. Štefánik Airport to the ŽSR Network
Authors: Bulková Zdenka , Gašparík Jozef , Zitrický Vladislav 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The current conditions of the railway infrastructure near the M. R. Štefánik Airport is analysed as unsatisfactory. The current form of the railway infrastructure of the monitored area is not adapted to the creation of a suitable place for boarding and alighting of passengers. The point determined for boarding and alighting of passengers must be at a reasonable distance from the M. R. Štefánik Airport terminal. This distance must be able to be overcome by walking so that it is not necessary to use another mode of transport to move between these places. The article deals with the possibilities of connecting of M. R. Štefánik Airport to the ŽSR network. The basis for the proposal to connect M. R. Štefánik Airport with a suitable infrastructure ŽSR network within the framework of railway passenger transport is the determination of a suitable transfer point. One of the logical priorities is to place the transfer point as close as possible to the air transport terminal of the M. R. Štefánik Airport within the space possibilities and technical conditions.
New Railway Tunnels and their Construction Method as Well as their Impact to Train Operation
Authors: Kalender Murat , Vojtek Martin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As the modernisation of the cities, railway road construction and modernisation of existing lines are demanded during the past decades more than before. Demand of short travel time is one the reasons that we redesign of existed railway roads and modernisation process. Tunnel construction is one the ways that we can shorten travel time in the existing railway roads. In this study, we introduced one of the commonly used tunnel construction methods, New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM), and some of important points of that method regarding tunnel excavation and bearing capacity of excavation support system. Furthermore, we gave some information about some tunnels which shortens the travel time and some tunnel project examples which are constructed with this method. The main purpose of construction of all these tunnels are to shorten the travel time of the existing railway line due to increasing on population and urbanization.
Consequences of Covid-19 for Kosovo’s Implementation to V4+
Authors: Antošová Gabriela , Gomez Helmuth Yesid Arias , Dallku Arber , Thoma Sebastian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article aims to provide a micro- and macro-level of a problem definition focused on Coronavirus crisis impacts on the tourism industry in the V4 countries and the eventual Kosovo integration into the V4 as a part of the Western Balkan 6 (WB6) and Eastern Partnership (EaP) enlargement V4+. The analysis of the primary data and the search for results are based on the Delphi method providing a better explanation of economic, social and market integration processes which fully exploit the opportunities of the content analysis provided by the quantitative and qualitative secondary data. The article offers key guiding criteria for deepening the economic integration into the V4 Group, emphasizing key aspects such as the economic and regional convergence, and the incorporation of diverse social strata into the economic growth process. The article highlights the benefits derived from the full membership of the actual V4 Group in the European Community as well as identifies its powerful strength and stable frame for promoting growth and prosperity. The critical view of the political and economic integration process emphasizes the risks derived from the deepness of divergence across countries and regions.
An IFRS 1 Application Role in the Relevant of Accounting Information from the Users of Financial Statements Prospective: An Applied and Analytical Study at Asia Cell Communications Company
Authors: Abdulhassan Shahlaa Kamel , Ali Salama Ibrahim 
Published: December 2021

The research aims to study the requirements of a IFRS (1) standard and the statement of a suitable concept and its importance for users of financial statements and the role of applying of IFRS (1) standard also aims to test the ability of applying the standard requirements in companies listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange, and the relevant of the accounting information for the users of those companies in light of applying those standards. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which was that of the standard, the application of the IFRS (1) standard requirements, describe the transformation process to IFRSs as a transformational stage, as the stage involves adopting the economic unit of standards on a set of procedures, methods and accounting treatments that unit should perform for the purpose of preparing financial statements in accordance with international standards and optional and compulsory exceptions that it facilitates the adoption process, in addition, the reports and financial statements aim to provide useful and appropriate accounting information that meets the needs of its users, as the property of predictive value in accounting information improve the ability of companies to predict the results of future expectations, the property of value assurance in accounting information provides the ability to change or correct current or future expectations, and it reduces the degree of uncertainty when it has feedback.
Optimize the Fluctuations on Iraqi Economic Growth based on the oil prices using linear programming approach
Authors: Alrawi Ahmed 
Published: December 2021

This study discus the Fluctuations on Iraqi Economic Growth using linear programming approach. This article proposes an operational approach for research to maximize customer satisfaction by optimizing the quality levels of numerous quality attributes of a physical product within the limits of the manufacturer's requirements. The linear model of programming has been shown using the data acquired for an example bicycle product. The optimal values for the quality of selected bicycle quality features have been calculated using optimization software. A cost-benefit analysis for some quality features of the crude oil was conducted to validate the proposed model. The model discussed in this article considers not only pleasure of customers but also satisfaction of the producer with the costs associated with the product
The Importance Of The Jidoka Autonomation System On Cost Rationalization And Avoiding Wastes (Muda) Applied Research At Ur State Company For Electrical Industries
Authors: Al Robaaiy Mohammed , Raji Safa , Abdulkadhim Atheer 
Published: December 2021

The research aims to apply modern technologies, including the smart Autonomation system Jidoka (Autonomation Jidoka) because of its effective role in the industrial work environment, including the Ur General Company for Electrical Industries, by applying its modern concepts, and to keep pace with the conditions and developments in the contemporary competitive business environment. Hence, the research problem arose out of not applying these systems, including the smart automation system, Autonomation Jidoka, which negatively affects the cost structure, increased waste, loss, misuse of available resources and customer dissatisfaction. The most important conclusions reached by the research were the failure to keep pace with the technological and economic changes by the company that took place in the work environment, and not to follow many systems, approaches, concepts, philosophies and methods to fit and fit with this environment, which is characterized by economic, administrative and technological variables of modern concepts and methods, including the Jidoka system, The research also reached many recommendations, the most important of which is that the Iraqi industry environment, including the company, which needs to adopt the application of these methods, principles, methods and modern concepts, including the smart automation system, which is a holistic approach, which included all other modern concepts related to the topic of the research referred to.
Lived Experiences of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Qualitative Study from a Cardiac Center of a Regional Hospital in Mauritius
Authors: Shukla Ananya , Jain Satvik , Mohammed Nihal , Hussain Tasneem , Banerjee Indrajit 
Published: December 2021

Objectives:
Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as ischemic heart disease or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality globally and has contributed to about 80% of sudden deaths. There have been advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of CAD, some of which are still going on to improve patient care, however, there is a dearth of information regarding the various challenges the patients go through after being diagnosed with CAD and so a qualitative study was conducted on cardiac patients in Mauritius to shine a light on the various aspects of life affected by CAD. This is the first qualitative study conducted on cardiac patients in Mauritius.

Material and Methods:
A phenomenological qualitative study was performed on 12 patients who were diagnosed with CAD, at the Cardiac Unit of Victoria Hospital, Mauritius. By the use of NVivo 12 (Windows) Plus software, after it was transcribed, codes/nodes and themes were generated.

Results:
Twenty-five different codes were inferred from the study done and from the respective codes, eight main themes were established. The main themes drawn from the study were as follows: Emotional factors, risk factors, optimistic factors, support, awareness of your health, consequences, lifestyle modifications, and the healthcare system.

Conclusion:
An event of CAD is an experience with multifaceted influences on innumerable aspects of the patient’s life. The study illuminated the immense sufferings and emotional bearings of those patients who were living with heart disease. They expressed their overbearing, insecurities, and a loss of control over various aspects of their lives. This study provided various thought-provoking themes that emerged after transcribing the qualitative interviews. It also highlighted the various challenges faced by patients and how the beliefs of patients with CAD were vital to sustaining them. Family support is a vital aspect in keeping the patient both motivated to follow their treatment and emotionally grounded.
A quality improvement intervention to improve lactation in mothers of hospitalized extreme preterm and very low birth weight infants in the first 2 weeks of life at a tertiary hospital in South India
Authors: Rajendran Priyadharshini , Chandran Rabindran , Balakrishnan Umamaheswari , Amboiram Prakash 
Published: December 2021

Objectives:
Early establishment of human milk (HM) feeding significantly decreases neonatal morbidity. There are barriers in establishing and maintaining lactation in mothers of hospitalized extreme preterm and very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, particularly during the first 2 weeks of life. Infant feeding policy modification was done to improve lactation as a quality initiative project and the effect of this modification was studied.

Material and Methods:
This study was done at SRIHER by analyzing retrospective data from the period before infant feeding policy modification (April 1, 2017–June 30, 2017) and prospective data from post-policy modification (July 1, 2017–December 31, 2017). All extreme preterm babies and VLBW babies both inborn and outborn were included in the study. The policy was approved by the institutional quality control cell. Fishbone analysis and “why” question pattern were implemented to identify pitfalls in establishing and maintaining lactation in mothers of extreme preterm and VLBW mothers. Prior antenatal counseling (for inborn deliveries), immediate postnatal assessment, constant surveillance, internal audits, and regular interprofessional team meets were done to carry out the implementation of the quality control program.

Results:
Daily milk output improved after intervention from baseline value in the pre-policy modification group to nearly 3 times after policy modification. The total duration of the requirement of parenteral nutrition decreased from 11 days to 7 days and time to reach birth weight decreased from 17 days to 11 days after quality improvement initiative.

Conclusion:
A simple quality improvement initiative was able to achieve increased lactation in mothers of extreme preterm and VLBW neonates.
On a nonlocal boundary value problem for the equation fourth-order in partial derivatives
Authors: Киличов О.Ш. 
Published: December 2021

В данной статье изучается нелокальная задача для уравнения четвертого порядка в которой доказывается существование и единственность решения этой задачи. Решение построено явно в виде ряда Фурье, обоснованы абсолютная и равномерная сходимость полученного ряда и возможность почленного дифференцирования решения по всем переменным. Установлен критерий однозначной разрешимости поставленной краевой задачи.
In this article, we study a nonlocal problem for a fourth-order equation in which the existence and uniqueness of a solution to this problem is proved. The solution is constructed explicitly in the form of a Fourier series; the absolute and uniform convergence of the obtained series and the possibility of term-by-term differentiation of the solution with respect to all variables are substantiated. A criterion for the unique solvability of the stated boundary value problem is established.
Domra and Chamber Orchestra in Concertos by Igor Rogalyov and Andrey Tikhomirov. An Alliance with a “Stranger”?
Authors: Упанова А.А. 
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена сочинениям известных петербургских композиторов — Концерту «Доменико Скарлатти» для четырехструнной домры (мандолины) и камерного оркестра Игоря Ефимовича Рогалёва и Концерту для домры и камерно-симфонического оркестра Андрея Генриховича Тихомирова. Эти произведения представляют примеры взаимодействия сфер народно-инструментального исполнительства и академического музыкального искусства. Ранее данная проблема не рассматривалась в отечественном музыкознании. Появление в последней четверти XX века сочинений, в которых домра выступает в качестве солиста с симфоническим оркестром, в значительной мере способствовало расширению ее выразительных возможностей, а также становлению и развитию нового направления в домровом репертуаре. Основными позициями сравнительного анализа концертов И. Е. Рогалёва и А. Г. Тихомирова стали трактовка роли солирующей домры, различия в композиции и драматургии названных сочинений. Отдельное внимание уделяется вопросам исполнительской интерпретации. Автором статьи приведены нотные примеры, иллюстрирующие наиболее важные с его точки зрения идеи и положения.
The article is devoted to the works of famous St. Petersburg composers — Concerto Domenico Scarlatti for four-string domra (mandolin) and chamber orchestra by Igor Ye. Rogalyov and Concerto for domra and chamber symphony orchestra by Andrey G. Tikhomirov. These works are examples of interaction of the spheres of folk-instrumental performance and academic musical art. Previously, this problem was not considered in Russian musicology. In the last quarter of the 20th century, compositions appeared, where domra acts as a soloist with a symphony orchestra, which to a large extent contributed to expansion of its expressive capabilities, as well as formation and development of a new direction in the domra repertoire. The main positions of the comparative analysis of the Rogalyov’s and Tikhomirov’s concertos were: interpretation of the solo domra’s role, differences in the composition and dramaturgy of the above works. Special attention is paid to the issues of performing interpretation. The author of the article proposes musical examples illustrating the most important ideas and provisions from her point of view.
Práticas da pós-graduação Direitos Sociais do campo
Authors: Moreira Erika Macedo 
Published: December 2021

O tema, dentro da configuração da mesa, relaciona-se com as mudanças teórico-metodológicas, relacionadas Ã pesquisa em direito. Em formato de uma narrativa sobre as ações desenvolvidas no Programa de Pós Graduação (latu sensu) Direitos Sociais do Campo ”“ Residência Agrária, a ideia é trazer as potencialidades no desenvolvimento das pesquisas empíricas no direito, refletindo sobre os marcos epistemológicos, teóricos e metodológicos, que interessam nossa prática na relação entre pesquisa e movimentos sociais. O Programa é uma iniciativa desenvolvida em parceria entre a Universidade Federal de Goiás/ Regional Cidade de Goiás, o Programa Nacional de Educação na Reforma Agrária (PRONERA ”“ INCRA/ MDA), o Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico/ CNPq e os Movimentos Sociais. O principal objetivo do texto é demonstrar como a chegada dos movimentos sociais de luta pela terra Ã universidade, promove rupturas temáticas, pedagógicas, epistêmicas e metodológicas, permitindo a oxigenação da universidade e a transformação das práticas da educação jurídica.