bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of melanocortin-4 reptor and α-melanoside stimulated hormone levels in healthy female volunteers and female patients with and without sexual functional disorders related to the use of selective serotonin reaptake inhibitors
Authors: Kurt Kaya Simge N , Safak Yasir , Ozdemir Seyda 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Sexual dysfunction (SD) due to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI) use is a common condition encountered by psychiatrists and its etiology has not been fully elucidated.

Aim
To determine the relationship between alpha Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (α-MSH) and Melanocortin-4 receptor (MCR4) levels and sexual function levels of patients with and without SSRI related SD and control group and to examine whether α-MSH and MCR4 play a role in the etiology of SSRI related SD.

Methods
A total of 92 patients and 49 healthy volunteers who applied to psychiatry outpatient clinic were included in the study. Sociodemographic form, sexual history form, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM 5, Psychotropic Related Sexual Dysfunction-Turkish version (PreSexDQ-T), Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale, Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventory were used in the evaluation interview with the referred patients. Patient groups were formed according to whether there was SSRI related SD according to the sexual history and PreSexDQ-T scale.

Outcomes
The α-MSH and MCR4 levels were significantly lower in patients with SD due to SSRI use.

Results
α-MSH and MCR4 levels were lower in the SSRI related SD (SSRI-SD (+)) group than in the not experiencing SD with SSRIs (SSRI-SD (–)) and control groups. The mean α-MSH and MCR4 value of the control group was found to be significantly higher than the SSRI-SD (+) patient group, the mean MCR4 value of the control group was found to be significantly higher than the mean MCR4 value of the SSRI-SD (–) patient group. The mean MCR4 and a-MSH values of the SSRI-SD(+) group using SSRI with fluoxetine were significantly lower than the SSRI-SD (–) group using SSRI with fluoxetine.

Clinical implications
There is a role for α-MSH and MCR4 in SSRI related SD.

Strengths and limitations
Its strength is that it is the first human study in this field. Limitations include small sample size and unknown baseline levels of α-MSH and MCR4.

Conclusion
The fact that α-MSH and MCR4 play a role in the etiology of SD due to SSRI use in woman and that there was a significant difference between SSRI-SD (+) and SSRI-SD (–) groups when α-MSH and MCR4 levels were compared in fluoxetine users supports the hypothesis that serotonin may mediate SD via α-MSH and MCR4 through 5-hydroxytryptamine-2C (5-HT2C) antagonism.
Outcomes of a Novel Autografting Procedure Combining Two Synergistic Techniques in One Stage for Improved Wound Healing: Two Case Reports
Authors: Davenport Thomas , Stavrides Steve , Agrawal Aniket , Borrelli Mimi R. 
Published: December 2024

Summary:
Hard-to-heal wounds represent a global and growing medical and economic burden. Skin autografting is a useful treatment option but is often limited by donor site morbidity, logistical considerations, and grafting success in compromised wound beds. Combining autologous skin cell suspension (ASCS) technology with minced dermal grafts can allow for dermal elements and epithelial healing as well as closed donor sites. This study explores the combination of minced autografting with ASCS in healing recalcitrant wounds. Two patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) whose previous skin grafting had failed were included. Under local anesthesia, donor skin was harvested as a full-thickness ellipse and divided into a superficial split-thickness graft (STSG) and a dermal autograft. ASCS was prepared from the STSG, and the dermal component was finely minced using a scalpel. Prepared wound beds were directly dressed with Telfa clear and compression dressings. Patients included a 62-year-old man with a DFU (15 cm2) on the left plantar heel present for 2 years, and a 53-year-old man with a DFU (10 cm2) on the plantar surface of the first metatarsal head present for 2 years. After combination treatment, complete closure was achieved by days 27 and 24, respectively. There was evidence of continued remodeling and skin thickening for the following 4 months. Combining dermal mincing with ASCS promotes healing of both dermal and epidermal layers while enabling primary closure of donor sites. These initial cases are encouraging, and ongoing studies are validating outcomes in more patients with various hard-to heal wounds.
Randomized Controlled Trial: Acquisition of Basic Microsurgical Skills Through Smartphone Training Model
Authors: De Fré Maxime , Verstreken Andreas , Vermeersch Nicolas , Vissers Gino , Verhoeven Veronique , Sener Süleyman , Verstreken Frederik , Menovsky Tomas , Tondu Thierry , Thiessen Filip E.F. 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Microsurgery is essential in various surgical specialties, but learning these skills is challenging due to work hour limitations, patient safety concerns, documentation time, and ethical objections to practicing on live animals. This randomized controlled trial compares 2 microsurgical training models: the smartphone model and the microscope model.

Methods:
Thirty students without prior microsurgery experience were randomized into 3 groups: control (CG), smartphone (SG), and microscope (MG). Participants performed microsurgical skill tests and a chicken femoral artery anastomosis before and after 10 hours of standardized training according to their assigned models. The CG performed the test twice without training. Performance was assessed by time to complete the anastomosis, University of Western Ontario Microsurgery Skills Assessment scale, anastomosis patency, and time to complete the round-the-clock test.

Results:
No significant differences were observed among groups at baseline. Significant improvement in anastomosis time was achieved in the MG (27.4 minutes, P = 0.005) and SG (27.0 minutes, P = 0.005), but not in the CG (13.1 minutes, P = 0.161). On the University of Western Ontario scale, the MG improved by 6.0 points (P = 0.002), the SG by 5.1 points (P = 0.006), and the CG by 2.4 points (P = 0.009). Patency rate significantly improved in the MG and SG (P = 0.002) but not the CG (P = 0.264). Round-the-clock time improved in all groups (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Basic microsurgical skills can be effectively learned using the smartphone training model, with performance improvements comparable to the microscope model. Its main limitation is the lack of stereoscopy.
Orbital Bone Fracture Repair Evaluation Through 3-Dimensional Computational Reconstruction and Orbital Volumetric Assessment
Authors: Passaglia Igor R. G. , Bastos Endrigo O. , Moura Lucas B. , Secanho Murilo S. , Alonso Nivaldo 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Three-dimensional (3D) models generated from computed tomography (CT) images efficiently and accurately complement surgical comprehension. Additionally, computer modeling provides a substrate for comparative analysis of the treated orbit volume. This study aimed to investigate cases of orbital bone fractures with regard to orbital-defect correction, through 3D computational structural modeling and evaluation of orbital volume.

Methods:
A total of 136 cases of orbital fractures with a diagnosis and surgical treatment were identified, of which 15 were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The construction of the preoperative and postoperative 3D models was based on CT images, supported by a medical imaging design system; this technique enabled the calculation of orbital volumetric measurements with the normal contralateral orbit as a reference.

Results:
Three-dimensional modeling in the preoperative and postoperative periods was performed for each patient. This study revealed that (1) preoperatively, the affected side had greater volume followed by postoperative reduction and (2) after surgical correction, the affected side had smaller volume and was equivalent to the unaffected side. However, there were no statistically significant differences between the periods (preoperative and postoperative) with regard to the mean and distribution of orbital volume or between the mean orbital volumes of the 2 sides.

Conclusions:
Using 3D computer modeling of bone structures, it is possible to evaluate orbital bone fractures after surgical correction. The effectiveness of preoperative and postoperative treatments was confirmed by comparing orbital volumetrics. It was not possible to assess soft tissues due to postoperative edema.
2019-2023 National drug registration analysis and research on drug development trends in Jiangxi Province
Authors: Duan Fangmei , Zhang Zhaoxia , Xiong Zhenqiu , Zha Wenjing , Guan Yongmei , Nie Heyun , Luo Jing 
Published: December 2024

Objective:
To summarize and analyze the analysis of drug registration review in China and Jiangxi Province from 2019 to 2023, and to conduct statistical analysis and evaluation based on the data of drug registration applications, which is an important reference for the revision of relevant policies for drug research re-evaluation in Jiangxi Province.

Methods:
Mathematical statistical methods were used to analyze and evaluate the drug acceptance, registration application type and application area published on the website of the Center for Drug Evaluation of the National Medical Products Administration. In doing so, the results of the analysis are presented in an intuitive chart with the help of ChartCool Tool, a professional charting tool.

Results:
In 2023, a total of 13,144 drug registration applications were accepted nationwide. Compared with previous years, the number of drug registration applications accepted in the country and Jiangxi Province has shown an increasing trend. Compared with previous years, the proportion of drug registration applications accepted in Jiangxi Province is increasing, with a large number of applications for traditional Chinese medicine and chemical drugs, and an increase in the number of applications for innovative drugs, mainly involving tumors, cardiovascular and other fields.

Conclusion:
By analyzing the drug registration review situation in the country and Jiangxi Province in 2023, the enthusiasm for drug R&D and registration applications continues to rise, and the number of drug registration applications accepted in the country and Jiangxi Province shows an increasing trend.
Derived Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Neutrophil-to-Platelet Ratios Distinguish Sinusitis-Related Orbital Cellulitis From Periorbital Necrotizing Fasciitis
Authors: Wladis Edward J. , LeSage Colin , Paez Maria , Grube Jordon G. , Pokabla Michael J. , Adam Alejandro P. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
Periorbital necrotizing fasciitis (NF) and sinusitis-related orbital cellulitis (OC) present with common clinical features, although the management algorithms for these ailments vary considerably. Previous investigations have failed to identify biomarkers that distinguish between these entities. This study was designed to explore the role of the derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and neutrophil-to-platelet ratios in discerning NF from OC.

Methods:
The derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and neutrophil-to-platelet ratios were calculated in nonimmunocompromised adult patients with NF and OC from the first blood draw upon presentation to the emergency department at a single academic medical center. Mann–Whitney nonparametric analyses and the area under the receiver-operator curve were analyzed via a dedicated computerized software package.

Results:
A total of 16 patients with NF (mean age = 54.5 years) and 12 patients with OC (mean age = 50.8 years) were identified. The mean derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios were 5.74 (standard deviation = 4.20) and 2.36 (standard deviation = 1.75) for NF and OC, respectively (p = 0.0037), resulting in an area under the receiver-operator curve of 0.82 (95% confidence interval = 0.66–0.98). The mean neutrophil-to-platelet ratios were 0.073 (standard deviation = 0.044) and 0.020 (standard deviation = 0.0084) for NF and OC, respectively (p < 0.001), yielding an area under the receiver-operator curve of 0.92 (95% confidence interval = 0.80–1.00).

Conclusions:
In nonimmunocompromised adult patients, the derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-to-platelet ratio both appear to distinguish NF from OC. While further study is required in larger cohorts to ensure the robustness of these findings, these initial results suggest that these biomarkers may be coupled with appropriate examinations to diagnose patients with these conditions and initiate the appropriate steps in the management of patients with orbital infectious disease.
Presentation of Orbital Metastases
Authors: Nghiem Allan Z. , Islam Meriam , Goh Li Yen , Sawhney Amrita , Vahdani Kaveh , Rose Geoffrey E. 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
To compare clinical characteristics of patients with and without a known systemic malignancy at the time of diagnosis of orbital metastases.

Methods:
Retrospective case note and imaging review for patients with orbital metastases presenting between 1980 and 2022. Patients were classified as having known malignancy at orbital presentation (group I) or without known malignancy (group II).

Results:
Of 159 patients with orbital metastases, breast cancer was the commonest (77/159; 48%), followed by neuroendocrine tumors (10%), melanoma (7%), and lung or prostate cancers (5% of each); cancers with unknown primary site comprised 11%. There were 105/159 (66%) group I patients with known primary tumor, their having more females (79% group I vs. 61% group II; p = 0.02), breast cancers (58% vs.30%; p = 0.0004), and melanomas (10% vs. 0%; p = 0.02). Compared with group II, group I had a lower rate of globe dystopia (21% vs. 38%; p = 0.03) and fewer extraconal lesions (33% vs. 50%; p = 0.05), but more involvement of the posterior third of the orbit (21% vs. 6%; p = 0.03). Imaging revealed a distinct orbital mass in 74%, with breast cancer often presenting as ill-defined or infiltrative lesions (29%).

Conclusion:
Most orbital metastases originate from breast, neuroendocrine tumors, or melanoma, with about a third presenting before a primary systemic malignancy is detected. Those from breast and melanoma were more frequent in patients with a known primary tumor. Symptoms and signs were similar in patients with or without known systemic tumor at the time of orbital presentation, and most presented with features due to a mass effect.
Converging inputs compete at the lateral parabrachial nuclei to dictate the affective-motivational responses to cold pain
Authors: Reddy Prannay , Narayan Prajapati Jagat , Chaterji Shrivas , Varughese Austin , Chaudhary Yatika , Sathyamurthy Anupama , Barik Arnab 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The neural mechanisms of the affective-motivational symptoms of chronic pain are poorly understood. In chronic pain, our innate coping mechanisms fail to provide relief. Hence, these behaviors are manifested at higher frequencies. In laboratory animals, such as mice and rats, licking the affected areas is a behavioral coping mechanism and it is sensitized in chronic pain. Hence, we have focused on delineating the brain circuits mediating licking in mice with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Mice with CIPN develop intense cold hypersensitivity and lick their paws upon contact with cold stimuli. We studied how the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN) neurons facilitate licking behavior when mice are exposed to noxious thermal stimuli. Taking advantage of transsynaptic viral, optogenetic, and chemogenetic strategies, we observed that the LPBN neurons become hypersensitive to cold in mice with CIPN and facilitate licks. Furthermore, we found that the expression of licks depends on competing excitatory and inhibitory inputs from the spinal cord and lateral hypothalamus (LHA), respectively. We anatomically traced the postsynaptic targets of the spinal cord and LHA in the LPBN and found that they synapse onto overlapping populations. Activation of this LPBN population was sufficient to promote licking due to cold allodynia. In sum, our data indicate that the nociceptive inputs from the spinal cord and information on brain states from the hypothalamus impinge on overlapping LPBN populations to modulate their activity and, in turn, regulate the elevated affective-motivational responses in CIPN.
Posttraumatic hyperalgesia and associated peripheral sensitization after temporomandibular joint injury in mice
Authors: Alshanqiti Ishraq , Son Hyeonwi , Shannonhouse John , Hu Jiaxin , Kumari Sinu , Parastooei Ghazaal , Raman Swarnalakshmi , Wang Sheng , Ro Jin Y. , Kim Yu Shin , Chung Man-Kyo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is the most prevalent painful condition in the craniofacial area. Recent studies have suggested that external or intrinsic trauma to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is associated with the onset of painful TMD in patients. Here, we investigated the effects of TMJ trauma through forced-mouth opening (FMO) in mice to determine pain behaviors and peripheral sensitization of trigeminal nociceptors in both sexes. Forced-mouth opening increased mechanical pain as assessed by the von Frey test, with spontaneous pain-like behaviors assessed using the mouse grimace scale and anxiety-like behaviors assessed using the open-field test. Changes in pain-like behaviors were not different between male and female mice. However, in vivo GCaMP Ca2+ imaging of intact trigeminal ganglia (TG) showed modality- and sex-dependent changes. Forced-mouth opening increased spontaneous Ca2+ responses and mechanical hypersensitivity of TG neurons compared to the sham group, which was more pronounced in male mice. Forced-mouth opening also increased Ca2+ responses evoked by cold, heat, and capsaicin stimuli, which was not different between the sexes. In retrogradely labeled trigeminal TMJ afferents, FMO induced an increase in small-sized neuronal proportions with increased colocalization with calcitonin gene–related peptides and transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1, which was modestly sex dependent. These results suggest that TMJ injury leads to persistent posttraumatic hyperalgesia associated with peripheral sensitization of trigeminal nociceptors with distinct sex dependency.
Neurotoxic effects of the chemotherapeutic drug “methotrexate”: a literature review
Authors: Mshaymesh Sarah 
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Methotrexate (MTX) is currently considered the go-to drug in chemotherapy, although it possesses neurological dangers. In this review paper, research and records of MTX-induced neurotoxicity in different types of adult and pediatric cancers will be discussed. The general description and function of MTX are still not completely known. How biological ratios in the body fluctuate with low and high methotrexate doses are still unknown as well. Therefore, this is a hot topic for experts, especially those active in neuro-oncology research. Scientists and physicians are now using different protocols to understand, control, manage, and prevent MTX-neurotoxic events.

Aim:
By evaluating various studies, case reports, and clinical trials, this comprehensive review seeks to clarify the mechanisms underlying MTX-induced neurotoxicity, highlight potential strategies for prevention and management, and guide future research in mitigating the adverse neurological effects of MTX treatment.

Methods:
Several databases were employed to gather this information, mainly PubMed.

Results:
The precise mechanisms of MTX-induced neurotoxicity remain unclear. Multiple hypotheses suggest involvement of genes related to neurogenesis, but no definitive cause has been identified. Regular patient monitoring, long-term follow-up, variable therapies, and early MRI detection are recommended.

Conclusion:
Despite advancements, no longitudinal studies have conclusively determined effective strategies to prevent MTX-induced neurotoxicity. Demographic factors and cancer types do not consistently predict neurotoxicity. Future research should focus on genetic counseling prior to chemotherapy, targeted monitoring protocols, and long-term patient follow-up to better understand and mitigate the neurotoxic impacts of MTX. Pharmacokinetics and advanced neuroimaging techniques are also essential for improving patient outcomes.
HPV Vaccination and Awareness Programs at Maryland Colleges and Universities
Authors: Soori Mehrnoosh , D’Souza Gypsyamber , Mattingly Brian , Kanarek Norma 
Published: December 2024

Context:
About half of adolescents aged 13 to 17 in United States are not fully vaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV). As they age into young adulthood, colleges may be an excellent target population nexus for implementing interventions to improve HPV vaccination uptake.

Objectives:
Our study goal was to generate knowledge about HPV vaccine offerings and awareness programs at colleges to ascertain the extent of campus-facilitated access to HPV immunization and education in 1 state.

Design:
An electronic survey was designed and emailed to 32 of 47 Maryland colleges for which relevant campus contacts could be identified.

Settings:
The study took place at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in consultation with the Maryland Cancer Collaborative and the Maryland Department of Health.

Participants:
Maryland colleges and universities

Main Outcome Measures:
HPV vaccine and awareness program offerings on college and university campuses.

Results:
Twenty Maryland colleges responded. Two colleges offer awareness programs only. Ten colleges offer HPV vaccine, covering about 39% of Maryland college students. Of these, 4 colleges schedule “periodic” campus health clinics or provide an immunization prescription, which is filled at nearby pharmacies. In all colleges, which offer HPV vaccine, immunization is offered to everyone (both men and women) at no out-of-pocket cost.

Conclusions:
In cooperation with the Maryland Cancer Collaborative, the implementation arm for the Maryland Cancer Control Plan, we showed that college campuses are an excellent target site for implementation of interventions to improve access of college age students to HPV vaccine and awareness programs. We lay the groundwork for recommendations, programs and policies that can improve HPV vaccine offerings among college students thus raising the HPV vaccination rate in young adults. Simple inexpensive alternatives to offering vaccine at college health centers may be periodic campus health clinics and arrangements with nearby pharmacies.