bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relay Protection of Multilevel Differential Distribution Network Based on Feeder Segment Switch
Authors: Wang Qingjie 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In order to solve the problems existing in the traditional relay protection methods, such as poor relay safety and large fault location error of distribution network, this paper proposes a multilevel differential relay protection method based on feeder segment switch. The configuration principle and the selection principle of multilevel range are determined, and the objective function of multilevel difference distribution network feeder segment switch configuration is set. After considering the target of economic benefit, the main feeder of distribution network is segmented and a contact switch is set at the end of the feeder. The equivalent topology of multilevel differential distribution network is analyzed to make the power supply at the first end of the line connected with the substation, which is regarded as the ideal voltage source. Considering the jurisdiction index of the switch, greedy algorithm is adopted to optimize the switch configuration of feeder segment. This paper analyzes the protection misoperation of multilevel differential distribution network and the sensitivity of feeder segment switch to realize the relay protection of multilevel differential distribution network. The experimental results show that the proposed method has higher safety and lower fault location accuracy, and is feasible to some extent.
Redundant Data High Efficiency Compression Based on Distributed Parallel Algorithm
Authors: Gong Jianhu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In order to improve the optimal storage capacity of redundant data in serial hybrid network cascade database, a high efficiency compression algorithm for redundant data in serial hybrid network cascade database based on distributed parallel algorithm is proposed. The distributed storage structure model of redundant data of serial mixed network cascade database is constructed, the association feature extraction of redundant data of serial mixed network cascade database is carried out by using distributed hybrid feature mining method, the dimension reduction of redundant data of serial mixed network cascade database is carried out by combining with feature transformation method, the automatic location allocation of redundant data of serial mixed network cascade database is carried out by using high-order spectrum decomposition method, and the high-efficiency energy compression output model of redundant data of serial mixed network cascade database is constructed. The simulation results show that this method has good losslessness for redundant data compression of serial mixed network cascaded database and good fidelity of data output.
An Eco-Friendly Approach to Low-Temperature and Near-Neutral Bleaching of Cotton Knitted Fabrics Using Glycerol Triacetate as an Activator
Authors: Zhou Yu , Zheng Guolin , Zhang Jinfang , Wang Qiang , Zhou Man , Yu Yuanyuan , Wang Ping 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Near-neutral bleaching of cotton fabrics at low temperature is of great importance for saving energy and ecological friendliness in textile industry. In this work, glycerol triacetate (GT) was investigated as an activator of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for low temperature bleaching of cotton knitted fabrics, and satisfactory whiteness was obtained. The bleaching properties of H2O2/GT system for cotton was assessed by the CIE whiteness index, H2O2 decomposition rate, concentration of generated peracetic acid (PAA) and bursting strength. Possible factors affecting the performance of H2O2/GT bleaching system were discussed in detail. Adding only 10 mmol/L GT to the hydrogen peroxide solution (60 mmol/L) to bleach cotton knitted fabrics at 60 ℃ for 60 min, the WI was significantly increased from 52.09 to 68.92. By using benzenepentacarboxylic acid as a fluorescent probe for hydroxyl radical (HO·) detection, it was found that GT could clearly promote HO· generation and the concentration of HO· closely related to the WI of cotton fabric. Furthermore, the bleaching mechanism of H2O2/GT system to cotton was proposed by exploring the relationship between WI and HO· concentration. As a bleach activator, GT has more economical benefits and better solubility in water than that of TAED. The H2O2/GT system may provide a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach as alternative to conventional alkaline high-temperature bleaching of cotton.
Expression and Gene Regulation Network of NUDT21 in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Prediction of Anticancer Components of Pinellia Ternata Based on Data Mining
Authors: SITU Yongli , LONG Li-na , LI Hai-jian , FANG Zhi-xin , NIE Hong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

NUDT21 belongs to NUDT families, which is thought to play an essential role in cancer growth and progression in recent years. Abnormal NUDT21 expression is closely related to lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, the expression level, gene regulation network, and prognostic value of NUDT21 in LUAD remain unclear. Besides, the active compounds of Pinellia ternata against LUAD are still not clear yet. Therefore, an in-depth study of the expression and gene regulation network of NUDT21 is of great theoretical significance and clinical demand for discovering new targets and strategies for the treatment of LUAD and the further improvement of the therapeutic effect of LUAD. Also, the targeted NUDT21 active ingredients of Pinellia ternata were sought to provide a theoretical basis for its clinical application in the treatment of LUAD.
Methods

A variety of online analysis tools were used in this study, including cBioPortal, ONCOMINE, GeneMANIA, GEPIA, Metascape, UALCAN, LinkedOmics, Metascape, TIMER, TRRUST, The Human Protein Atlas, TCMSP, and AutoDock Vina.
Results

The levels of transcription and expression of NUDT21 were significantly increased in patients with LUAD. Gene altered of NUDT21 was up to 12% in LUAD patients. However, the promoter methylation level of NUDT21 in LUAD was lower compared to normal human. LUAD patients' survival with the low expression level of NUDT21 was better prognostic value than LUAD patients with high expression level. Forty-eight nodes and 572 edges were found in the PPI network constructed with NUDT21 and its neighboring genes. Regulatory region DNA binding, transcription regulatory region DNA binding, and regulatory region nucleic acid binding were the primary function of NUDT21 and its neighboring genes. The KEGG pathway of NUDT21 and its neighboring genes were mainly involved in the apelin signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and axon guidance. Our results showed that DNMT1, HDAC1, and MYC were the critical transcription factor targets involved in the network of NUDT21 and its neighboring genes. We also found that CDK1, ATM and PLK1 were main kinase targets in the NUDT21 kinase-target network. The NUDT21 miRNA-target network was associated with MIR-302C, MIR-9, and MIR-330. Moreover, the expression of NUDT21 was positively related to the infiltration of CD8 + T cells, macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cell. 13 active compounds of Pinellia ternata were retrieved from the TCMSP. Among them, baicalein was the best combination with NUDT21.
Conclusions

Our results revealed the expression and potential regulatory network of NUDT21 in LUAD, laying a foundation for further research on the role of NUDT21 in cancer. Furthermore, we offer new therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers for the reference. Finally, we provide potential therapeutic drugs from traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of LUAD.
Green Synthesis for MCM-41 and SBA-15 Silica Using the Waste Mother Liquor
Authors: Barbosa Thianne Silva Batista , Barros Thiago Rodrigo Barbosa , Barbosa Tellys Lins Almeida , Rodrigues Meiry Gláucia Freire 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The synthesis of mesoporous materials such as MCM-41 and SBA-15 requires large amounts of water to neutralize the resulting products. The filtrate (mother liquor) therefore contains unreacted components that can be recycled and reused. The addition of the mother liquor in consecutive syntheses was carried out in order to evaluate the different effects on the physical and chemical properties of the mesoporous materials. For this purpose, the mother liquor from the initial synthesis (1st Generation) was saved and used for the second synthesis (2nd Generation) and successively for the third synthesis (3rd Generation). The three generations of each material were then characterized using different techniques such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray dispersive energy fluorescence, electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, Thermal behavior by thermogravimetric analysis and N2 adsorption. The materials obtained showed similar diffractograms for the three generations and also showed similar percentages of silica through XRF. The SEM and IR results for molecular sieves showed the effectiveness of the processes of MCM-41 and SBA-15 synthesis using mother liquor. The results made it possible to observe that the structures of the materials had no significant differences in their physical and chemical properties, favoring the use of mother liquor for up to three generations.
Lung Cancer That Extended to the Left Atrium Through the Pulmonary Vein: A Case Report
Authors: Xu Xin , Xu Ping , Wu Ting Ting , Shang Guo Dong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Metastatic cardiac tumors have been reported in up to 25% of patients with lung cancer, but detection of cardiac involvement via pulmonary veins is neither uncommon nor easy in the routine work. Case presentation: A 68-year-old woman with primary lung cancer was admitted to the hospital with pain in her left leg for 6 months and hemoptysis for one week. TTE detected that a hyperechoic mass in the left atrium which was come from the left inferior pulmonary vein. The result was confirmed by computed tomography.Conclusions: Multimodality imaging should be advocated in the evaluation of cardiac masses especially for patient who has primary tumors.
Varriation In Utilization of Modern Contraceptive Among Married Women In The Seven Woredas of Assosa Zone: A Comparison of Bayesian and Classical Approach. Case Study In Assosa Zone, Benishangul Gumuz , Ethiopia
Authors: Mengesha Eshetu Mebrate , Gonit Mekdes Derbie 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Contraception is a procedure that can be used to avoid pregnancy or childbirth. When women choose to prevent pregnancy or have a longer birth, they frequently use contraceptives. The global prevalence rate of contraceptive use was 64 percent, with Africa responsible for 33 percent. Ethiopia has an estimated rate of 39.2 percent of its population engaging in this activity.Objectives: This study was aimed to identify the predictors of married women’s contraceptive practice using Bayesian and classical approach. In addition, this study has identified the within and between Woredas variation using the hierarchical nature of the data obtained in different woredas. For identifying the better model, researcher has compared the Bayesian and classical multilevel logistic regression models. Methods: This research was conducted in seven Woredas of Assosa zone and was based on a cross-sectional study that primarily focused on married women between the ages of 15 and 49 and the factors that influenced their contraceptive use. Two stage model comparisons were used to approximate the parameters, with the first stage having a null, random intercept, and random slope with a Bayesian approachResult and Conclusion: The overall contraceptive prevalence rate among 6866 married women 3121(45.46%). According to the intra Woreda correlation of the appropriate model, the between Woreda variance in married women's contraceptive practice was 15.71%, with the remaining 84.29 percent variation attributed to differences in contraceptive practice between women. Finally, predictors for married women contraceptive practice such as women's age, place of residence, women's educational level, husband's educational level, women's job, husband's occupation, wealth index, religion, and knowledge of family planning. The Bayesian multilevel model was found to be the most suitable model for fitting the data after a comparison of classical and Bayesian multilevel models.
Missing or Underrated Super-emitters of Nitrogen Oxides in China Exposed from Space
Authors: Li Pengfei , Pan Yuqing , Duan Lei , Li Mingqi , Song Pinqing , Xv Nan , Liu Jing , Li Shaozhuo , Le Yifei , Wang Cui , Ma Jingjun , Zhou Xin , Wang Wei , Shi Yali , Su Wei , Wang Gang , Wang Liqiang , Chen Xue , Xia Yan , Jiang Linhui , Zhang Yibo , Li Mengying , Li Zhen , Liu Weiping , Yu Shaocai , Rosenfeld Daniel , Seinfeld John H. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Nitrogen oxides (NOx ≡ NO + NO2) play a central role in air pollution. Super-emitters present unique opportunities for emission mitigation in China and beyond. They comprise intensive industrial facilities (e.g., power or chemical plants), less than 1 × 1 km2 with high NOx plumes, dominating localized concentrations within a limited geographical scope. However, identification of super-emitters typically challenges emission mitigation due to insufficient spatiotemporal resolution. Here we map NOx emissions using an efficient, super-resolution (1 × 1 km2) inverse model based on whole-year TROPOMI satellite observations. Our map offers unique insights on nationwide NOx super-emitters. We resolve 1625 super-emitters in virtually every corner in China, even in remote and mountainous zones, which we trace back to either an industrial hotspot or a cluster (i.e., an industrial park). A state-of-the-art bottom-up emission inventory MEICv1.3 largely (67%) agrees with our results within a factor of two for cities. However, that inventory does not identify these super-emitters, particularly underestimating one-third of the emissions by at least an order of magnitude. Even, nearly up to three-quarter super-emitters are found to be displaced or missing. Moreover, traditional top-down inverse methods do not effectively detect such super-emitters. Here we show it is necessary to address the NOx budget by revisiting super-emitters on a large scale. Integrating the results we obtain here with a multi-tiered observation system can lead to identification and mitigation of anomalous NOx emissions.
MAGT1 gene mutation causes myositis and CD127 expression downregulation
Authors: Chen Sheng , Wang Xuan , Sun Chong , Liu Bing-You , Qiao Kai , Yang Jie , Chen Yan , Xi Jian-Ying , Luo Su-Shan , Zhu Wen-Hua , Zhao Chong-Bo , Lu Jia-Hong , Lin Jie 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
X-linked immunodeficiency with Magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection, and Neoplasia (XMEN) is a primary immune deficiency caused by mutations in MAGT1 and is characterized by chronic infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), CD4 lymphopenia, severe chronic viral infections, and defective T-lymphocyte activation. Herein, we described an XMEN patient carrying a MAGT1 p.Arg331* mutation that presented with prominent muscle involvement. The PET-CT and lower limbs MRI showed diffuse muscle inflammation. Histopathology staining revealed the infiltrated lymphocytes were stained with CD3, CD20, and EBER. We monitored the patient’s in-depth immunophenotype at the first visit and after two months of oral Mg 2+ supplementation. We noticed obviously decreased CD127 expression in CD4 + T cells, which could be reversed by Mg 2+ supplementation. Our findings suggested that the decreased CD127 expression may be an additional biomarker of XMEN.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Modulates the Tumor Microenvironment in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Zhuo Zhongling , Tang Min , Li Hexin , Zhang Lili , Han Bingqing , Li Ying , Xiao Fei , Zou Lihui , Su Fei , Zhao Xiaotao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

While surgical reduction with adjuvant chemotherapy is the traditional treatment for high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has increasingly been applied. This work aims to investigate the expression profiles before and after NACT, explore changes in the tumor microenvironment, expand current treatments, and design a combination of treatment options for patients.
Methods

We downloaded 326 pre-NACT RNA sequencing data and 37 matched pre- and post-NACT samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined with EdgeR, and Gene Ontology analysis was performed to identify the clusters responsible for the biological processes and pathways of HGSOC. Immune infiltration was analyzed using Single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) and CIBERSORT. Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival analysis was performed to assess prognosis, and the potential correlations between modules and phenotypes were explored using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA).
Results

After NACT, a total of 352 genes showed significant changes in RNA expression, among which 180 genes were up-regulated and 172 down-regulated. The most influential pathway was the positive regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. Correlation analysis and KM survival analysis showed that overexpression of MAPK cascade genes correlated with shorter survival time in HGSOC patients. ssGSEA results showed that the expressions of anti-tumor cells (central memory CD4+ T cell and central memory CD8+ T cell) and pro-tumor cells (neutrophil and dendritic cells) were significantly increased after NACT. CIBERSORT showed that the abundances of memory B cells, NK cells, and monocytes were increased and the abundance of plasma cells was decreased after NACT. WGCNA and KM survival analysis showed that a lower abundance of Regulatory T cells (Tregs) was correlated with a better prognosis.
Conclusions

Gene expression of the MAPK pathway is up-regulated and the abundance of CD4+ T regulation cell decreases after NACT. Thus, the MAPK pathway may promote the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Th17 cells while inhibiting Tregs development. The inhibited Tregs' development can lead to a better prognosis. Therefore, it is speculated that Tregs inhibitors combined with platinum-based NACT are potential treatment options for HGSOC.
A mobile caesarean birth center as a solution to improve access to surgical birth in rural Ethiopia: a mixed methods research protocol
Authors: Harrison Margo S , Yarinbab Teklemariam , Dorsey-Holliman Brooke , Aarons Gregory , Betran Ana Pilar , Goldenberg Robert , Muldrow Margaret 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

As an evidence-based intervention to prevent maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, cesarean birth at rates of under 2%, which is the case in rural Southwest Ethiopia, is an unacceptable public health problem and represents an important disparity in use of this life-saving treatment compared to more developed regions. The objective of this study is to explore an innovative clinical solution (a mobile cesarean birth center) to low cesarean birth rates resulting from the Three Delays to emergency obstetric care in isolated and underserved regions of Ethiopia, and the world.
Methods

We will used mixed but primarily qualitative methods to explore and prepare the mobile cesarean birth center for subsequent implementation in communities in Bench Sheko and West Omo Zones. This will involve interviews and focus groups with key stakeholders and retreat settings for user-centered design activities. We will present stakeholders with a prototype surgical truck that will help them conceive of the cesarean birth center concept and discuss implementation issues related to staffing, supplies, referral patterns, pre- and post-operative care, and relationship to locations for vaginal birth.
Discussion

Completion of our study aims will allow us to describe participants’ perceptions about barriers and facilitators to cesarean birth and their attitudes regarding the appropriateness, acceptability, and feasibility of a mobile cesarean birth center as a solution. It will also result in a specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and timely (SMART) implementation blueprint(s), with implementation strategies defined, as well as recruitment plans identified. This will include the development of a logic model and process map, a timeline for implementation with strategies selected that will guide implementation, and additional adaptation/adjustment of the mobile center to ensure fit for the communities of interest.
Blood group and Human Leucocyte Antigen sub-type as determinants to keloid formation and Recurrence in Keloid Patients; A prospective longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Nangole Ferdinand , Ouyang Kelsey , Agak George , Ogeng'o Julius , Omu Anzala 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The role of genetic factors in keloid is a firmed by the fact that keloids have been shown to occur among members of the same family.. We undertook this study to determine whether there is any association between patients’ bloodgroup and HLA sub-types to keloids and keloid recurrence. This was a prospective longitudinal study of patients with keloids and a control of patients managed for other surgical conditions with no keloids. Blood was taken from each patient and analysed for blood group and HLA sub-types using the sequence specific primer geno-typing. Data captured were summarized and analysed using students T-test to compare means. Probability values significance was at 0.05. A total of 90 patients with keloids and 59 in a control group were followed up in the study. The male to female ratio of the patients was 2:1. The most common blood group for both groups was blood group O at 51.3% and 49.2%, followed by blood group A and B respectively. Patients with keloids had a significantly higher positive alleles with DQA*01, DQB1*05, DQB1*06 and DRB1*15. There was an association between blood group A and DQB1*06 and recurrence. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that there is significant difference in HLA sub-types among patients who form keloids and the non-keloid forming patients among our study cohorts. Salient differences were also noted in patients with keloid recurrence based on their blood group, a pointer to the significance of genetic factors in keloid pathogenesis and severity.