bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legal Aspects of Environment in Indonesia: an Efforts to Prevent Environmental Damage and Pollution
Authors: Maruf Arifin 
Published: August 2021

Pollution and destruction of the environment are some of the severe threats to the conservation of the environment in Indonesia. The disturbed environmental balance needs to be restored as the giver of life and welfare benefits society by improving environmental protection, community development, and optimization of environmental law enforcement. It aims to maintain the existence of nature and aimed at solving environmental problems in Indonesia, primarily the caused by human activity. this case could be through civil, administrative, or criminal law so that it can cope with and take action against perpetrators of pollution, and the destruction of the environment and create a good environment, healthy, beautiful and comfortable for all people.Â Keywords: Environmental Law; Environmental Damage; Indonesia.
Implementation of Parate Executie Object of Liability
Authors: Res Redi 
Published: August 2021

Parate executive is the primary purpose of establishing Law Number 4 of 1996 concerning Mortgage Rights to provide solid legal protection for creditors holding mortgage objects. The easy and inexpensive execution process should make the parate executive the leading choice for creditors in auctioning mortgage objects if the debtor defaults. However, in reality, the parate execution could not be carried out properly because of the Supreme Court Decision No. 3210 K/Pdt/1984, in which one of the ratio decidendi in it that the public auction conducted by the Bandung KPKNL is invalid, and this is also supported by book II of the Supreme Court's guidelines which requires fiat execution from the District Court. This paper will explain how the two conflicting legal bases will impact the implementation of parate executives in the field.Â Keywords: Parate Executie; Â Mortgage; Land.
Challenges in Pathology Specimen Processing in the New Era of Precision Medicine
Authors: Tawfik Ossama William , Subramanian Janakiraman , Caughron Samuel , Mana Pradip , Ewing Eric , Aboudara Matthew , Borsa John , Schafer Liudmila , Saettele Timothy , Jonnalagadda Sreeni 
Published: August 2021

Context.—
Precision therapies for patients with driver mutations can offer deep and durable responses that correlate with diagnosis, metastasis prognosis, and improvement in survival. The use of such targeted therapies will continue to increase, pushing us to change our traditional approaches. We needed to search for new tools to effectively integrate technological advancements into our practices because of their capability to improve the efficiency and accuracy of our diagnostic and treatment approaches. Perhaps nothing is as relevant as identifying and implementing new workflows for processing pathologic specimens and for improving communication of critical laboratory information to and from clinicians for appropriate care of patients in an efficient and timely manner.

Objectives.—
To define the gold standard in delivering the best care for patients, to identify gaps in the process, and to identify potential solutions that would improve our process, including gaps related to knowledge, skills, attitudes, and practices.

Design.—
We assembled a multidisciplinary team to systematically perform a gap analysis study to clarify the discrepancy between the current reality in pathology specimen processing and the desired optimal situation to deliver the results intended for patient care.

Results.—
A practical collaborative workflow for specimen management that seeks the cooperation of stakeholders in each medical discipline to provide guidelines in specimen collection, delivery, processing, and reporting of results with the ultimate goal of improving patient outcomes is provided.

Conclusions.—
New tools are required to effectively integrate data-driven approaches in specimen processing to meet the new demands.
Promoting Reading Habits of the Children of Class IV: Study of Upper Primary Student of Ramchetsekha PS, Paro
Authors: Toujay . , Tenzin Kuenzang 
Published: August 2021

Purpose: This study is an attempt to understand the reading habits of class IV students in Ramchetsekha Primary School, Paro. The study also aims to promote reading habits in the students.
Design/methodology/approach: The researcher took anchor of a qualitative research design aligned to social constructivism paradigm through phenomenological approach. The researcher focused on class four children and teachers as participant sampling in the school. Semi-structure interview was used as a research tool and their information was recorded and transcribed later by the researcher.
Findings: The study found out that reading programme in the school is loosely matched with the needs of the children to develop their reading habits. Sporadic reading programme were organized in the form of onetime events without aligning with improvement priorities and goals. The school sometimes chooses faddish improvement involving one-shot programme with no follow-up support. Furthermore, it was revealed that the children depend largely on notes given by the teachers.
Long-Term Evolution of Patients with the Wolcott Rallison Syndrome: Case Series of 4 Patients and Review of Literatures
Authors: Hafidi Najlae El , Imane Zineb 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Wolcott-Rallison syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by neonatal diabetes in consanguineous families. associated with liver dysfunction, epiphyseal dysplasia, and. growth retardation. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α kinase 3 (EIF2AK3).
We report a long-term evolution of 4 patients with Wolcott Rallison syndrome.
Clinico Haematological Profile in Paediatric Patients with Bicytopenia and Pancytopenia in a Tertiary Care Referral Centre of North India
Authors: Katoch Pankaj , Roach Vipin , Singh Surinder 
Published: August 2021

Background: Bicytopenia and Pancytopenia are relatively common presentations in adults as compared to paediatric patients. Clinical features present in different manifestations in children with Pancytopenia/Bicytopenia, which can range from bone marrow suppression temporarily to marrow infiltration by life-threatening malignancies.
Aim: To study the clinical and haematological profile in the paediatric age group withCytopenias. The study aims to analyze the severity of hematological findings as per causative factors in patients with Pancytopenia and Bicytopenia.
Methods: Prospective Observational Study conducted in the Department of Paediatrics in Dr.RPGMC Tanda Himachal Pradesh (INDIA). The study included all patients except those falling in the exclusion criteria.It was performed after oral and written informed consent.A total of 50 children admitted with bicytopenia and pancytopenia were enrolled from March 2013 to March 2014.
Results: Infection was the commonest etiology observed in 22(44%) patients with bicytopenia and pancytopenia. Bicytopenia was seen in 14 (20%) and pancytopenia in 8 (16%) cases with infection. Scrub typhus was the commonest Infection seen in 18(32%).Leukaemia was notedin 11(22%) cases.
Conclusions: The commonest age group affected was 11-15 years with female domination with a Male: Female ratio of 0.78:1. The commonest symptom was fever 37(74%) then generalized weakness in 29 (58%) cases.Pallor was the most common sign in 43(86%) followed by Hepatomegaly 32(64%), Lymphadenopathy 30(60%), and Splenomeagly in 29 (58%) patients. Infection was the commonest etiology followed by leukemia and megaloblastic anaemia. Scrub typhus was the commonest infection encountered in the present study.
Vitamin D Level in Predialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Stage 3 to 5 and Predictors of its Deficiency
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed G. , Okda Hanaa I. , Hodeib Hossam A. , Gabr Mostafa T. 
Published: August 2021

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is commonly encountered in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) with or without undergoing dialysis. This study was conducted to assess vitamin D level in patients diagnosed with predialysis CKD stage 3 – 5, and to determine the predictors of its deficiency in such patients.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 75 patients who were divided into three equal groups of CKD-3, CKD-4 and CKD-5. All cases were subjected to detailed history taking, physical examination and measurement of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) according to Cockcroft-Gault formula. In addition, laboratory investigations included CBC, renal function tests, serum ferritin, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and vitamin D level.
Results: Patient demographics and other co-morbidities were comparable among the three groups. Serum vitamin D had mean values of 24.84, 20.52 and 11.24 ng/ml in patients with stages III, IV and V respectively, with significant difference between the three groups. Vitamin D deficiency was more common in CKD-5 cases. On the contrary, serum parathyroid hormone and ferritin were significantly higher levels, in patients with higher stages. There was statistically significant positive correlation of serumvitamin D with eGFR, Hb, calcium and albumin. On the other hand, serum vitamin D was negatively correlated with phosphate, PTH, urea andcreatinine.
Conclusion: It is evident that higher stages of CKD are associated with more vitamin D deficiency.
Ayurveda Concept of Medoroga with Special Reference to Obesity and Related Complication and their Medical Management
Authors: Ghanawat Prasad Navanath , Mane Prakash , Nibe Pallavi Lahanu , Mirgane Ravindra 
Published: August 2021

Obesity or medoroga is the only disease that is gaining more and more attention at the global level. This disease is prevalent in developing as well as in developed countries, in both sexes, across all ages and socioeconomic groups. Obesity is one of the prices we have to pay for rapid urbanization and a sedentary lifestyle. Obesity has been described in Ayurveda texts as medoroga or Sthaulya. Acharya Charaka has described eight varieties of impediments known as ashta nindita Purusha. Ati Sthaulya comprises one of them. Obesity is the risk factor for many diseases like diabetes, CVA, hypertension, etc. It is difficult to prevent and treat lifestyle diseases like obesity with the modern system of medicine alone. Ayurvedic science has great potential in preventing and treating lifestyle disorders like obesity. The presenter's view deals with aetiopathogenesis, symptomatology prevention, and management of Sthaulya as given in the Ayurveda classics.
Therapeutic Effect of Curcumin on Scanning Electron Microscopy of Rat Adrenal Gland in Experimental Fluorosis
Authors: Shashi A. , Tikka Manisha 
Published: August 2021

Aim: The present study was designed to investigate the therapeutic role of Curcumin against fluoride induced toxicity on adrenal gland of rats by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Methodology: Wistar albino rats were divided randomly into six groups The group I was administered with 1 ml of deionized water/kg b.w./day orally for 40 days. The Groups II and III were given 300 and 600 mg of NaF/kg b.w./day for the same period, respectively. The group IV was given 200 mg/kg b.w. of Curcumin for 20 days. The Groups V and VI were treated with 300 and 600 mg of NaF/kg b.w./day for 40 days respectively were post-treated with 200 mg of Curcumin for next 20 days. The animals were excised and adrenal tissue was taken out and processed for SEM.
Results: The results revealed that rats exposed to 300 mg/kg b.w./day of NaF showed rough edges, numerous microvilli and damaged surface with crystal depositions. Also, numerous granules were distributed all over the surface. The rats treated with 600 mg/kg b.w./day of NaF showed decellularized adrenal tissue along with network of collagen fibres. Moreover, adrenal gland surface displayed abrasions and distorted cuboidal cells. The filopodia were prominent on the surface and wall of cavity possessed rough outline. After post-treatment with Curcumin, fluoridated adrenal gland of rats showed normal structure, reappearance of cuboidal cells on the surface as well as less number of microvilli and filopodia.
Conclusion: The post-treatment with Curcumin possess therapeutic potential against NaF induced toxicity in adrenal gland of rats.
Association of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism with Type 2 Diabetes in the Northern Region of Saudi Arabian Population
Authors: Alharbi Ahmed , Alam Md Jahoor , Saeed Mohd 
Published: August 2021

Background: Vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), However, its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus) is controversial and has not been established in different ethnic populations. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the possible association between VDR gene polymorphisms (Fok1, Bsm1, and Taq1and Apa1) and T2DM patients in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: 100 patients with T2DM and 100 healthy age-matched control subjects were enrolled. Fasting blood glucose, lipids profile and HbA1c were measured by autoanalyzer. The circulatory level of 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was measured by immunochemiluminance. VDR gene polymorphisms detection has been done by polymerase chain reaction through restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.
Results: Our study has shown lower levels of 25(OH) D in patients with T2DM (in comparison with control subjects (44.65 ± 7.19), p < 0.00. There were statistically significant differences between patients with type 2 diabetes and controls regarding the distribution of FokI and Taq1 genotypes and alleles (p<0.004 and p<0.04) and nonsignificant differences regarding Bsm1genotpes and allele.
Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in T2DM patients in Saudi Arabia. An association was found between VDR FokI and Taq1 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to T2DM in Saudi Arabian patients.
Japanese Encephalitis with Global Aphasia- A Case Report
Authors: Rodge Hina Y. , Maurya Archana 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is a brain infection caused by the Japanese Virus of Encephalitis (JEV).JE is also known as Mosquito-Borne Encephalitis, Summer Encephalitis and Brain Fever etc. Global aphasia is caused by a number of factors, one of which is JE.
Presentation of Case: A 15 years old male child was brought to Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra, India on date 22/08/2019 with complaints of fever since 7 days with 2 episodes of seizures with loss of consciousness for approximately 20 hours and the patient was unable to speak after becoming conscious. On examination, the patient had a fever, was lethargic and appeared depressed, unable to speak, and experienced pain when moving his hands. The patient had a complete blood count, which revealed that his haemoglobin percent, total red blood count, were all low, while his RDW and granulocytes were high. RBCs are predominantly normocytic Normochromic RBCs with mild anisopoikilocytosis, with a few microcytic RBCs, pencil cells, and tear drop cells visible on a peripheral smear as well as platelets were adequate, and no Hemiparasite was found. CSF analysis, CT scan of the brain, an MRI of the brain, and a blood test for P. Falciparum were all performed for diagnostic purposes. The patient was diagnosed as Japanese Encephalitis with Global Aphasia after comprehensive examinations. He was treated Tab. Cefexime, Tab. Levetiracetam, Tab. Phenytoin, Tab. Paracetamol, and Tab. Emset, as well as nursing care was provided based on his needs.
Conclusion: Patient showed spontaneous recovery.
Assessment of Auto-rickshaw Drivers Knowledge Regarding the Effects of Air Pollution on Health and Its Prevention
Authors: Dhanvijay Roshani , Pohekar Savita 
Published: August 2021

Background: Air pollution is the major environmental pollution that contains different types of gases, dust particles, small molecules, etc. Air pollution is mainly caused by smoke or other harmful gases, such as oxides of carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen. Auto-rickshaw drivers are not only affected by air pollution, they are exposed to climatic changes, and. poor road conditions. They are exposed to air pollution, dust, infected droplets, job insecurity, noise pollution and vibration, business demands, damage to their vehicles, and, schedule-related pressure. Drivers also have the responsibility of their passengers and pedestrians- ‘lives and other vehicles. The objective of the study is to analyze knowledge among auto-rickshaw drivers regarding the health effects of air pollution and its prevention.
Methods: An observational research methodology, a cross-sectional research design was used to perform this analysis. Probability purposive sampling technique was used to collect data from auto-rickshaw drivers based on the health effects of air pollution and its prevention utilizing structured questionnaires. The sample attributes have been defined by frequency, percentage, after data collection. The Chi-square test was also used to figure out the correlation between knowledge and specified demographic variables.
Results: The findings show that 1.67% of auto-rickshaw drivers had an average level of knowledge score, 38.33% of them were having good and 60 % of them were having an excellent level of knowledge score and none of them were found to have a very poor level of knowledge. The minimum knowledge score was 7 and the maximum knowledge score was 14. Hence it indicates that auto-rickshaw drivers have good knowledge about the effect of air pollution and their prevention.
Conclusions: The study shows that the auto-rickshaw drivers having good knowledge about air pollution to the management of respiratory diseases and along with their complications as well as to take the required measures to avoid respiratory complications.
Structural, Electronic and Optical Properties of Stanene Doped Beryllium: A First Principle Study
Authors: Taura L. S. , Abdulmalik Isah , Gidado A. S. , Lawal Abdullahi 
Published: August 2021

Stanene is a 2D hexagonal layer of tin with exceptional electronic and optical properties. However, the semiconductor applications of stanene are limited due to its zero band-gap. However, doping stanene could lead to a band gap opening, which could be a promising material for electronic and optical applications. In this work, optimized structure, electronic band structure, real and imaginary parts of the frequency-dependent dielectric function, electron loss function, and refractive index of stanene substitutionally doped with alkaline earth metal (beryllium) were analyzed using density functional theory (DFT) calculations as implemented in the quantum espresso and yambo suites. A pure stanene has a zero band gap energy, but with the inclusion of spin-orbit coupling in the electronic calculation of pure stanene, the band-gap is observed to open up by 0.1eV. Doping stanene with beryllium opens the band-gap and shifts the Dirac cone from the Fermi level, the band gap opens by 0.25eV, 0.55eV, and 0.8eV when the concentration of Beryllium is 12.5%, 25%, and 37.5% respectively. The Dirac cone vanished when the concentration of the dopant was increased to 50%. The Fermi level is shifted towards the valence band edge indicating a p-type material. The material absorption shows that SnBe absorption ranges in the visible to the ultraviolet region, The refractive index in stanene doped beryllium (SnBe) was found to be higher than that of pristine stanene, the highest refractive index was 9.2 at SnBe25%. In a nutshell, the results indicate that stanene can be a good material for electronic and optical applications if doped with beryllium.
Hybrid Dielectric Films of Inkjet‐Printable Core–Shell Nanoparticles
Authors: Buchheit Roman , Kuttich Björn , González‐García Lola , Kraus Tobias 
Published: August 2021

A new type of hybrid core–shell nanoparticle dielectric that is suitable for inkjet printing is introduced. Gold cores (dcore ≈ 4.5 nm diameter) are covalently grafted with thiol‐terminated polystyrene (Mn = 11000 Da and Mn = 5000 Da) and used as inks to spin‐coat and inkjet‐print dielectric films. The dielectric layers have metal volume fractions of 5 to 21 vol% with either random or face‐centered‐cubic structures depending on the polymer length and grafting density. Films with 21 vol% metal have dielectric constants of 50@1 Hz. Structural and electrical characterization using transmission electron microscopy, small‐angle X‐ray scattering, and impedance spectroscopy indicates that classical random capacitor–resistor network models partially describe this hybrid material but fail at high metal fractions, where the covalently attached shell prevents percolation and ensures high dielectric constants without the risk of dielectric breakdown. A comparison of disordered to ordered films indicates that the network structure affects dielectric properties less than the metal content. The applicability of the new dielectric material is demonstrated by formulating inkjet inks and printing devices. An inkjet‐printed capacitor with an area of 0.79 mm2 and a 17 nm thick dielectric had a capacitance of .
On‐Skin Stimulation Devices for Haptic Feedback and Human–Machine Interfaces
Authors: Guo Wei , Hu Yijia , Yin Zhouping , Wu Hao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOn‐skin electronics have been widely used in fields, such as wearable healthcare and human–machine interfaces due to their excellent performances and wearable comfort. Among them, on‐skin sensors for collecting signals have been greatly developed, while the stimulators that provide tactile feedback are difficult to achieve in terms of flexibility and stretchability due to their rather complicated structures. Achieving on‐skin stimulators with superior performances and outstanding wearability requires major advances in materials, fabrication, and structure design. The on‐skin stimulator needs to be soft with a lightweight and thin structure so that it can be laminated onto the skin with conformal contact for accurate feedback. Three stimulation modes, namely electrotactile, thermal, mechanotactile, and vibrotactile stimulation, are investigated. Among them, electrotactile stimulation is the characteristics of high resolution and quick response. Thermal stimulation can provide a unique heat sensation without crosstalk with other stimuli. Mechanotactile and vibrotactile stimulation can bring comfortable feedback to skin, showing great potential in wearable applications. This paper summarizes the working principles, materials, structures, and applications of these on‐skin stimulators, and compares their advantages with conventional rigid devices. At the end of this paper, the challenging issues and future prospects in this field are discussed.