bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Information system of primary care: integrative review of literature
Authors: Nogueira Carla , Souza Santos Sheila de Almeida , Cavagna Vitor Machado , Braga André Luiz de Souza 
Published: May 2021

Objetivos: descrever a funcionalidade do sistema de informação da atenção básica, suas características, abrangência, meios de circulação, demonstrar o número de publicações realizadas sobre o assunto nas principais bases de dados. Metodologia: pesquisa exploratória descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa. O levantamento bibliográfico, e este foi realizado através de artigos publicados nos últimos 11 anos, nas bases de dados: BVS, Scielo, Lilacs, BDENF e MEDLINE. Resultados: Descritor Sistema de Informação: BDENF (46), Lilacs (1681). Descritor Atenção primária em saúde: BDENF (325), Lilacs (4014). Descritor Saúde da Família: BDENF (427), Lilacs (1618); totalizando 798 publicações na BDENF e 7313 publicações na Lilacs, sendo feito novos refinos de artigos e a encontrados outros resultados mais específicos e estes categorizados e analisados. Conclusão: detectou-se a dificuldade de compreensão dos dados, visto que os mesmos não são passados de forma fidedigna as fichas do sistema de informação, apesar dos profissionais de saúde e os agentes comunitários de saúde saberem de sua importância.
Health education about dengue: contributions to the development of competencies
Authors: Girão Renata Vieira , Braga Andre Luiz de Souza , Crhistovam Barbara Pompeu , Escudeiro Cristina Lavoyer , Lima Vinicius Mendes da Fonseca , Lopes Claudia Monteiro 
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: descrever, na percepção dos acadêmicos, a ação de educação em saúde na comunidade de Jurujuba, Niterói/RJ, discutindo a contribuição desta atividade para sua formação no primeiro período do curso de enfermagem e licenciatura da Universidade Federal Fluminense. Método: pesquisa descritiva exploratória do tipo qualitativa, realizada com 17 acadêmicos do primeiro período do segundo semestre de 2011. Utilizou-se um questionário semi estruturado. Resultado: a partir da interpretação e análise dos questionários, emergiram três categorias: Educação em saúde no ensino da enfermagem, Desenvolvimento de competências e Observação da comunidade. Conclusão: a atividade oportunizou aos acadêmicos o desenvolvimento de competências que serão amadurecidas durante a graduação, como o pensamento crítico, a observação e a comunicação. Além disso, agregaram conhecimento sobre os benefícios do planejamento de projetos de educação em saúde em parceria com diferentes instituições.
Palliative care for pain originated from the bone mineral disease of chronic renal failure
Authors: Silva Fernando de Souza , Silva Sandy Yasmine Bezerra e , Pinheiro Mônica Gisele Costa , Pinheiro Maria Sueleide Feitosa , França Raimunda Cândida de , Simpson Clélia Albino 
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Identificar quais os cuidados paliativos eficazes à minimização da dor utilizados, em nível domiciliar, por pacientes portadores de Doença Mineral e Óssea da Doença Renal Crônica. Métodos: Pesquisa descritiva, de abordagem quantitativa, com 35 pacientes de uma clínica de hemodiálise. Foi utilizado um questionário semiestruturado para coleta de dados e a análise deu-se através da estatística descritiva e a univariada. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, sob o protocolo nº176/176/2011. Resultados: Os pacientes apresentaram processo doloroso prejudicial à qualidade de vida e em maioria, utilizam em domicílio medicações analgésicas e antinflamatórios orais, compressa fria local e repouso. Conclusão: Devido à boa eficiência dos cuidados paliativos não medicamentosos, propomos a utilização do repouso e compressas frias como escolha de cuidado primário, relegando às condutas medicamentosas como opções secundárias ou coadjuvantes. Descritores: Cuidados Paliativos, Insuficiência Renal Crônica, Osteodistrofia Renal, Enfermagem.
Nursing process according the model of self-care in a cardiac bedridden patient
Authors: Antunes de Araújo Aryele Rayana , Felipe Lorena Cabral , Vitor Allyne Fortes 
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Aplicar do processo de enfermagem segundo o Modelo do Autocuidado, proposto por Dorothea Orem. Métodos: Estudo de caso de caráter descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, que permite uma analise profunda do sujeito e da complexidade determinado pelo modelo proposto. Na análise dos dados observou-se a capacidade e a necessidade de autocuidado do sujeito a ser assistido. Resultados: Paciente mostrava-se interessada na dinâmica dos procedimentos pelos quais era submetida. No entanto, apresentava quatro déficits de autocuidado diagnosticados pelas pesquisadoras, tanto de acordo com o modelo estudado e a taxonomia NANDA-I, que deveriam ser supridos pela equipe de enfermagem. Conclusão: Percebeu-se que o Modelo do Autocuidado proposto por Orem é aplicável, de simples entendimento, e por isso, viável para a prática do cuidado cotidiano da equipe de enfermagem a um paciente cardiopata restrito ao leito.
Evaluation of pain in neonates and children in intensive care
Authors: Bottega Fernanda Hanke , Benetti Eliane Raquel Rieth , Benetti Priscila Escobar , Gomes Joseila Sonego , Stumm Eniva Miladi Fernandes 
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Conhecer ações da equipe de enfermagem referentes à avaliação da dor em neonatos e crianças durante o processo de hospitalização em terapia intensiva. Método: Estudo qualitativo, descritivo realizado com 16 profissionais de enfermagem que atuam em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal e Pediátrica, em maio e junho de 2011, mediante entrevista aberta. Os preceitos éticos foram respeitados, projeto aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da UNIJUÍ (CAAE nº 0008/2011). Resultados: Os dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo e emergiu a categoria analítica: a enfermagem na avaliação e controle da dor de neonatos e crianças em terapia intensiva. Conclusão: Existem barreiras para tratar a dor em pediatria, que incluem ausência de avaliação, reavaliação adequada; entendimento inadequado sobre conceitos, quantificação da dor e déficit de conhecimento. Descritores: Medição da dor, Recém-nascido, Criança, Enfermage, Unidades de terapia intensiva.
Clinical and epidemiological aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in children
Authors: Barros Lívia Moreira , Moreira Rosa Aparecida Nogueira , Araújo Thiago Moura de , Frota Natasha Marques , Caetano Joselany Afio , Feitosa Ana Claúdia Lima 
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: descrever o perfil clínico e epidemiológico da Leishmaniose Visceral (LV) em crianças internadas em um hospital de Fortaleza-CE. Métodos: Pesquisa documental e retrospectiva realizada no período de janeiro de 2002 a dezembro 2009. Foram avaliadas variáveis como: casos por ano, idade, peso e sintomas. Foi calculado o coeficiente de Spearman para investigar a correlação entre variáveis. Resultados: O maior número de casos ocorreu em 2007, 23,5% (46) casos, a faixa etária predominante foi entre 0-2 anos. Parte das crianças, 47,96% (94), era desnutrida e 47,4% e 49% apresentaram diarreia e emagrecimento, respectivamente. Manifestações clínicas: febre, esplenomegalia e hepatomegalia. A duração média de incubação da doença e hospitalização foi de 37,7 e 22,2 dias, respectivamente. Os dados não apresentaram correlação significante entre incubação da doença e internamento com as variáveis idade e peso. Conclusão: Embora a incidência de casos de LV seja decrescente com o decorrer dos anos, observa-se, ainda que a quantidade de crianças acometidas pela LV ainda é preocupante devido à suscetibilidade dessa faixa etária.
Restorative recreation: One landowner's experience restoring a cedar‐infested native prairie remnant in Iowa's Loess Hills
Authors: Swanson Patrick C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Over 80% of pre‐settlement Iowa was a prairie landscape, but conversion and neglect has reduced that to less than 0.1% of the original 30 million acres (12 million hectares). Much of the remaining remnant prairie lies within the Loess Hills landform in western Iowa.

Here I describe my experience as a landowner identifying and restoring a native Loess Hills prairie remnant overtaken by Eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana). Archived aerial photographs confirm its native remnant status and have been used to monitor restoration progress. Both shearing and hand clearing of cedars have been undertaken at this site, providing an opportunity to compare patterns of ecosystem recovery within one remnant prairie.

I find that cedar shearing, though effective at rapidly clearing a large swath of land, was associated with greater abundance of weedy and woody species compared to hand clearing that occurred more gradually over a longer period of time. However, consistent, targeted herbicide application to woody growth, as well as two prescribed fires, have led to good recovery and stabilization of the grassland with minimal annual recruitment of new brush.

Photographs of faunal associations with Pasque flowers (Anemone patens) provide an indicator of the biodiversity on this prairie and suggest Pasque flowers, due to their abundance at this site, function as a keystone species that drives early spring ecosystem productivity.

Based on my experience, I introduce a paradigm called restorative recreation to provide a framework for integrating ecosystem restoration activities with outdoor recreation to maximize benefits to personal health and well‐being, while improving the landscape for other species that share our common home.
The application of metal artifact reduction methods on computed tomography scans for radiotherapy applications: A literature review
Authors: Puvanasunthararajah Sathyathas , Fontanarosa Davide , Wille Marie‐Luise , Camps Saskia M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMetal artifact reduction (MAR) methods are used to reduce artifacts from metals or metal components in computed tomography (CT). In radiotherapy (RT), CT is the most used imaging modality for planning, whose quality is often affected by metal artifacts. The aim of this study is to systematically review the impact of MAR methods on CT Hounsfield Unit values, contouring of regions of interest, and dose calculation for RT applications. This systematic review is performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines; the PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched using the main keywords “metal artifact reduction”, “computed tomography” and “radiotherapy”. A total of 382 publications were identified, of which 40 (including one review article) met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The selected publications (except for the review article) were grouped into two main categories: commercial MAR methods and research‐based MAR methods. Conclusion: The application of MAR methods on CT scans can improve treatment planning quality in RT. However, none of the investigated or proposed MAR methods was completely satisfactory for RT applications because of limitations such as the introduction of other errors (e.g., other artifacts) or image quality degradation (e.g., blurring), and further research is still necessary to overcome these challenges.
Zn‐MOF Encapsulated Antibacterial and Degradable Microneedles Array for Promoting Wound Healing
Authors: Yao Shun , Chi Junjie , Wang Yuetong , Zhao Yuanjin , Luo Yuan , Wang Yongan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAn infected skin wound caused by external injury remains a serious challenge in clinical practice. Wound dressings with the properties of antibacterial activity and potent regeneration capacity are highly desirable for wound healing. In this paper, a degradable, ductile, and wound‐friendly Zn‐MOF encapsulated methacrylated hyaluronic acid (MeHA) microneedles (MNs) array is fabricated through the molding method for promoting wound healing. Due to the damage capability against the bacteria capsule and oxidative stress of the zinc ion released from the Zn‐MOF, such MNs array presents excellent antibacterial activity, as well as considerable biocompatibility. Besides, the degradable MNs array composed of photo‐crosslinked MeHA possesses the superior capabilities to continuously and steadily release the loaded active ingredients and avoid secondary damage to the wound. Moreover, the low molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA) generated by hydrolysis of MeHA is also conducive to tissue regeneration. Benefiting from these features, it has been demonstrated that the Zn‐MOF encapsulated degradable MNs array can dramatically accelerate epithelial regeneration and neovascularization. These results indicate that the combination of MOFs and degradable MNs array is of great value for promoting wound healing.
Electronic and Magnetic Characterization of Epitaxial CrBr3 Monolayers on a Superconducting Substrate
Authors: Kezilebieke Shawulienu , Silveira Orlando J. , Huda Md N. , Vaňo Viliam , Aapro Markus , Ganguli Somesh Chandra , Lahtinen Jouko , Mansell Rhodri , van Dijken Sebastiaan , Foster Adam S. , Liljeroth Peter 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe ability to imprint a given material property to another through a proximity effect in layered 2D materials has opened the way to the creation of designer materials. Here, molecular‐beam epitaxy is used for direct synthesis of a superconductor–ferromagnet heterostructure by combining superconducting niobium diselenide (NbSe2) with the monolayer ferromagnetic chromium tribromide (CrBr3). Using different characterization techniques and density‐functional theory calculations, it is confirmed that the CrBr3 monolayer retains its ferromagnetic ordering with a magnetocrystalline anisotropy favoring an out‐of‐plane spin orientation. Low‐temperature scanning tunneling microscopy measurements show a slight reduction of the superconducting gap of NbSe2 and the formation of a vortex lattice on the CrBr3 layer in experiments under an external magnetic field. The results contribute to the broader framework of exploiting proximity effects to realize novel phenomena in 2D heterostructures.
Small‐Scale Magnetic Actuators with Optimal Six Degrees‐of‐Freedom
Authors: Xu Changyu , Yang Zilin , Lum Guo Zhan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMagnetic miniature robots (MMRs) are small‐scale, untethered actuators which can be controlled by magnetic fields. As these actuators can non‐invasively access highly confined and enclosed spaces; they have great potential to revolutionize numerous applications in robotics, materials science, and biomedicine. While the creation of MMRs with six‐degrees‐of‐freedom (six‐DOF) represents a major advancement for this class of actuators, these robots are not widely adopted due to two critical limitations: i) under precise orientation control, these MMRs have slow sixth‐DOF angular velocities (4 degree s−1) and it is difficult to apply desired magnetic forces on them; ii) such MMRs cannot perform soft‐bodied functionalities. Here a fabrication method that can magnetize optimal MMRs to produce 51–297‐fold larger sixth‐DOF torque than existing small‐scale, magnetic actuators is introduced. A universal actuation method that is applicable for rigid and soft MMRs with six‐DOF is also proposed. Under precise orientation control, the optimal MMRs can execute full six‐DOF motions reliably and achieve sixth‐DOF angular velocities of 173 degree s−1. The soft MMRs can display unprecedented functionalities; the six‐DOF jellyfish‐like robot can swim across barriers impassable by existing similar devices and the six‐DOF gripper is 20‐folds quicker than its five‐DOF predecessor in completing a complicated, small‐scale assembly.
Mechanism and Timescales of Reversible p‐Doping of Methylammonium Lead Triiodide by Oxygen
Authors: Shin Dongguen , Zu Fengshuo , Cohen Ayala V. , Yi Yeonjin , Kronik Leeor , Koch Norbert 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUnderstanding and controlling the energy level alignment at interfaces with metal halide perovskites (MHPs) is essential for realizing the full potential of these materials for use in optoelectronic devices. To date, however, the basic electronic properties of MHPs are still under debate. Particularly, reported Fermi level positions in the energy gap vary from indicating strong n‐ to strong p‐type character for nominally identical materials, raising serious questions about intrinsic and extrinsic defects as dopants. ​In this work, photoemission experiments demonstrate that thin films of the prototypical methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3) behave like an intrinsic semiconductor in the absence of oxygen. Oxygen is then shown to be able to reversibly diffuse into and out of the MAPbI3 bulk, requiring rather long saturation timescales of ≈1 h (in: ambient air) and over 10 h (out: ultrahigh vacuum), for few 100 nm thick films. Oxygen in the bulk leads to pronounced p‐doping, positioning the Fermi level universally ≈0.55 eV above the valence band maximum. The key doping mechanism is suggested to be molecular oxygen substitution of iodine vacancies, supported by density functional theory calculations. This insight rationalizes previous and future electronic property studies of MHPs and calls for meticulous oxygen exposure protocols.
Light‐Triggered In Situ Gelation of Hydrogels using 2D Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2) Nanoassemblies as Crosslink Epicenter
Authors: Lee Hung Pang , Lokhande Giriraj , Singh Kanwar Abhay , Jaiswal Manish K. , Rajput Satyam , Gaharwar Akhilesh K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLight‐responsive biomaterials are an emerging class of materials used for developing noninvasive, noncontact, precise, and controllable biomedical devices. Long‐wavelength near‐infrared (NIR) radiation is an attractive light source for in situ gelation due to its higher penetration depth and minimum side effects. The conventional approach to obtain crosslinked biomaterials relies heavily on the use of a photoinitiator by generating reactive species when exposed to short‐wavelength radiation, which is detrimental to surrounding cells and tissue. Here, a new class of NIR‐triggered in situ gelation system based on defect‐rich 2D molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoassemblies and thiol‐functionalized thermoresponsive polymer in the absence of a photoinitiator is introduced. Exposure to NIR radiation activates the dynamic polymer–nanomaterials interactions by leveraging the photothermal characteristics of MoS2 and intrinsic phase transition ability of the thermoresponsive polymer. Specifically, upon NIR exposure, MoS2 acts as a crosslink epicenter by connecting with multiple polymeric chains via defect‐driven click chemistry. As a proof‐of‐concept, the utility of NIR‐triggered in situ gelation is demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, the crosslinked gel exhibits the potential for NIR light‐responsive release of encapsulated therapeutics. These light‐responsive biomaterials have strong potential for a range of biomedical applications, including artificial muscle, smart actuators, 3D/4D printing, regenerative medicine, and therapeutic delivery.
Directional Growth of Human Neuronal Axons in a Microfluidic Device with Nanotopography on Azobenzene‐Based Material
Authors: Ristola Mervi , Fedele Chiara , Hagman Sanna , Sukki Lassi , Kapucu Fikret Emre , Mzezewa Ropafadzo , Hyvärinen Tanja , Kallio Pasi , Priimagi Arri , Narkilahti Susanna 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAxonal dysfunction and degeneration are important pathological features of central nervous system (CNS) diseases and traumas, such as Alzheimer's disease, traumatic brain injury, ischemic stroke and spinal cord injury. Engineered microfluidic chips combined with human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)‐derived neurons provide valuable tools for targeted in vitro research on axons to improve understanding of disease mechanisms and enhance drug development. Here, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic chip integrated with a light patterned substrate is utilized to achieve both isolated and unidirectional axonal growth of hPSC‐derived neurons. The isolation of axons from somas and dendrites and robust axonal outgrowth to adjacent, axonal compartment, is achieved by optimized cross‐sectional area and length of PDMS microtunnels in the microfluidic device. In the axonal compartment, the photoinscribed nanotopography on a thin film of azobenzene‐containing molecular glass efficiently guides the growth of axons. Integration of nanotopographic patterns with a compartmentalized microfluidic chip creates a human neuron‐based model that supports superior axonal alignment in an isolated microenvironment. The practical utility of the chip by studying oxygen‐glucose deprivation‐induced damage for the isolated and aligned axons is demonstrated here. The created chip model represents a sophisticated platform and a novel tool for enhanced and long‐term axon‐targeted in vitro studies.
Recent Progresses in Metal–Organic Frameworks Based Core–shell Composites
Authors: Dai Shan , Tissot Antoine , Serre Christian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEncapsulation of active guest compounds inside metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) architectures is one of the most promising routes to reach properties beyond those of the bare MOFs and/or guest species. In contrast with the conventional host/guest composites that rely on the encapsulation of guest species into MOF cavities, core–shell composites display a better accessibility to the pores ensuring an optimal diffusion of the substrate while presenting a unique structure that prevents the aggregation and the runoff of the active guests and ensures a tight interaction between core and shell, leading to synergistic effects. Herein, the recent advances in this field are summarized. The main synthetic strategies are first discussed before highlighting a few potential applications, such as heterogeneous environmental catalysis, gas separation, and sensing, while others (bio‐applications…) are briefly mentioned. This review is concluded by a critical perspective in order to promote new generations of MOFs based composites for energy‐related applications.
“Sauna” Activation toward Intrinsic Lattice Deficiency in Carbon Nanotube Microspheres for High‐Energy and Long‐Lasting Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zhang Yongguang , Li Gaoran , Wang Jiayi , Luo Dan , Sun Zhenghao , Zhao Yan , Yu Aiping , Wang Xin , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery technology offers one of the most promising replacement strategies for conventional lithium‐ion batteries, but for several serious obstacles remain, such as the notorious polysulfide shuttling and their sluggish reaction kinetics. In this work, it is demonstrated that these problems can be significantly ameliorated via intrinsic lattice defect engineering in carbon‐based sulfur host materials. Specifically, porous carbon nanotube microspheres (ePCNTM) are developed through a scalable spray drying method, followed by a critical water‐steam etching under high temperature. Such “sauna” activation constructs abundant intrinsic topological defects in the carbon lattice, endowing ePCNTM with enhanced sulfur adsorbability and catalytic activity in sulfur redox reactions. In addition, the interwoven and highly porous architecture renders favorable conductivity, homogeneous sulfur distribution, and massive host–guest interactive surfaces. As a result, the ePCNTM‐based sulfur electrodes achieve excellent cyclability with an ultralow capacity attenuation rate of 0.046% per cycle upon 500 cycles, excellent rate capability up to 3 C, and decent areal capacity retention of 3.2 mAh cm−2 after 50 cycles under raised high sulfur loading. Thus, this synergistic approach, combining composite nanostructuring and intrinsic defect engineering, yields highly competitive Li–S batteries, which is also expected to inform advanced material development in related energy fields.