bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of an international template to support patient submissions in Health Technology Assessments
Authors: Cook Nigel , Livingstone Heidi , Dickson Jennifer , Taylor Louise , Morgan Kate , Coombes Martin , Wortley Sally , Oehrlein Elisabeth , Vicente-Edo María José , Waibel Franz , Liden Barry 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To develop an international template to support patient submissions in Health Technology Assessments (HTAs). This was to be based on the experience and feedback from the implementation and use of the Scottish Medicines Consortium's (SMC) Summary Information for Patient Groups (SIP).

Methods
To gather feedback on the SMC experience, web-based surveys were conducted with pharmaceutical companies and patient groups familiar with the SMC SIP. Semistructured interviews with representatives from HTA bodies were undertaken, along with patient group discussions with those less familiar with the SIP, to explore issues around the approach. These qualitative data informed the development of an international SIP template.

Results
Survey data indicated that 82 percent (18 of 22 respondents) of pharmaceutical company representatives felt that the SIP was worthwhile; 88 percent (15/17) of patient group respondents found the SIP helpful. Both groups highlighted the need for additional support and guidance around plain language summaries. Further suggestions included provision of a glossary of terms and cost-effectiveness information. Patient group interviews supported the survey findings and led to the development of a new template. HTA bodies raised potential challenges around buy-in, timing, and bias connected to the SIP approach.

Conclusions
The international SIP template is another approach to support deliberative processes in HTA. Although challenges remain around writing summaries for lay audiences, along with feasibility considerations for HTA bodies, the SIP approach should support more meaningful patient involvement in HTAs.
Macroscopic collision risk model based on near miss
Authors: Zhou Yangyu , Yang Jiaxuan , Bian Xingpei , Ma Lingqi , Kang Zhen 
Published: April 2021

AbstractUsing near miss data detected from non-accident information to analyse marine traffic risk can alleviate some of the limitations of accident-based methods. A model based on an arena for detecting scenes of near miss is proposed to detect comprehensively those ship encounters with potential collision risk. To eliminate the influence of data sampling frequency on the detection of scenes of near miss, a single near miss is defined as the whole progress of traffic state from the time the target ship sails into the arena of the subject ship to the time it leaves the arena of the subject ship. To research the geographical distribution characteristics of marine traffic risk, first, a statistical model for the scenes of near miss based on the water grid method is proposed, and then a macroscopic collision risk model based on near miss is developed. The geographical distribution characteristics of marine traffic risk in the Bohai Sea are analysed, and the water areas of high marine traffic risk are obtained. The findings can provide theoretical support for marine safety management.
Water in the Supra‐Subduction‐Zone Mantle of the Mariana‐Izu‐Bonin Forearc: Constraints From Peridotitic Orthopyroxene
Authors: Gose J. , Schmädicke E. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOrthopyroxene was analyzed as a proxy for water supra‐subduction‐zone peridotite by polarized infrared radiation. Samples from Conical and Torishima seamounts, Mariana‐Izu‐Bonin forearc (ODP‐Leg 125), have very similar average H2O contents of 215 ppm (range: 122–363 ppm; Conical) and 191 ppm (range: 116–292 ppm; Torishima). Conical peridotite equilibrated at lower temperature (760°C) and oxygen fugacity (ΔlogFMQ −0.65) than samples from Torishima (830°C; ΔlogFMQ +0.33). The degree of partial melting is almost identical for the two sites (18% and 20%). The H2O concentrations are considerably higher compared to samples from the Bismarck forearc (31–92 ppm; Tollan and Hermann, 2019). Instead, the average values resemble those of peridotitic orthopyroxene from MOR settings. The measured H2O contents by far exceed values expected for residual peridotite. This implies that secondary uptake of water must have occurred after melt‐extraction but prior to exhumation to shallow crustal levels. Most likely, re‐equilibration took place at c. 50 km depth. As indicated by elemental correlations and/or enhanced contents, the secondary fluid(s) must have been enriched in B, K, Li, and Sr. The boron contents of orthopyroxene are c. 10 times higher those in MOR samples. These findings suggest that peridotite from Conical and Torishima seamounts was presumably infiltrated by fluid generated by dehydration reactions in a subducting plate. The elemental spectrum points to two source lithologies: (i) serpentinite (liberation of B) and metasediments (liberation of K, Li, and Sr). The varying H2O contents point to heterogeneous fluid supply suggesting that fluid infiltration was not pervasive.
Emerging Wetlands From River Diversions Can Sustain High Denitrification Rates in a Coastal Delta
Authors: Upreti Kiran , Rivera‐Monroy Victor H. , Maiti Kanchan , Giblin Anne , Geaghan James P. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIt is assumed that to treat excess NO3− high soil organic matter content (%OM) is required to maintain high denitrification rates in natural or restored wetlands. However, this excess also represents a risk by increasing soil decomposition rates triggering peat collapse and wetland fragmentation. Here, we evaluated the role of %OM and temperature interactions controlling denitrification rates in eroding (Barataria Bay‐BLC) and emerging (Wax Lake Delta‐WLD) deltaic regions in coastal Louisiana using the isotope pairing (IPT) and N2:Ar techniques. We also assessed differences between total (direct denitrification + coupled nitrification‐denitrification) and net (total denitrification minus nitrogen fixation) denitrification rates in benthic and wetland habitats with contrasting %OM and bulk density (BD). Sediment (benthic) and soil (wetland) cores were collected during summer, spring, and winter (2015–2016) and incubated at close to in‐situ temperatures (30°C, 20°C, and 10°C, respectively). Denitrification rates were linearly correlated with temperature; maximum mean rates ranged from 40.1–124.1 μmol m−2 h−1 in the summer with lower rates (<26.2 ± 5.3 μmol m−2 h−1) in the winter seasons. Direct denitrification was higher than coupled denitrification in all seasons. Denitrification rates were higher in WLD despite lower %OM, lower total N concentration, and higher BD in wetland soils. Therefore, in environments with low carbon availability, high denitrification rates can be sustained as long as NO3− concentrations are high (>30 μM) and water temperature is >10°C. In coastal Louisiana, substrates under these regimes are represented by emergent supra‐tidal flats or land created by sediment diversions under oligohaline conditions (<1 ppt).
Daytime Equatorial Spread F‐Like Irregularities Detected by HF Doppler Receiver and Digisonde
Authors: Olugbon B. , Oyeyemi E. O. , Kascheyev A. , Rabiu A. B. , Obafaye A. A. , Odeyemi O. O. , Adewale A. O. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDaytime equatorial spread F (ESF) is not as common as nighttime ESF due to the presence of a highly conducting E‐layer during the daytime which counteracts the development of F‐layer plasma irregularities. This study presents two rare daytime ESF‐like events which occurred over an interval ∼2 h and were detected by the HF Doppler receiver located in Lagos (LAG: geographic: 3.27°E, 6.48°N; dip latitude −1.72°) and the Lowell Digisonde at Ilorin (ILR; 4.68°E, 8.50°N; dip latitude −1.25°), managed by Lowell GIRO Data Center (LGDC). Analysis of the first event revealed ∼30 min periodic oscillations in iso‐heights of ionospheric electron density. Shorter period (∼15 min) oscillations appeared simultaneously in HF Doppler measurements and these oscillations lasted nearly 3 h. Close inspection of the ionograms from ILR during this interval (1500–1800 UT) showed the occurrence of small‐scale spreading in the F‐layer trace which varied in altitude as the disturbance progressed. Computation of the linear growth rate of the collisional Rayleigh‐Taylor instability showed that the plasma instability was seeded by a traveling ionospheric disturbance (TID). The characteristics of the second event suggest that horizontal stratifications in plasma density distribution at the reflecting ionospheric layer were responsible for the spread F traces in the ionograms. Analysis of GPS TEC data from Nigeria during these events revealed the presence of wave structures consistent with TIDs.
ATG4D is the main ATG8 delipidating enzyme in mammalian cells and protects against cerebellar neurodegeneration
Authors: Tamargo-Gómez Isaac , Martínez-García Gemma G. , Suárez María F. , Rey Verónica , Fueyo Antonio , Codina-Martínez Helena , Bretones Gabriel , Caravia Xurde M. , Morel Etienne , Dupont Nicolas , Cabo Roberto , Tomás-Zapico Cristina , Souquere Sylvie , Pierron Gerard , Codogno Patrice , López-Otín Carlos , Fernández Álvaro F. , Mariño Guillermo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDespite the great advances in autophagy research in the last years, the specific functions of the four mammalian Atg4 proteases (ATG4A-D) remain unclear. In yeast, Atg4 mediates both Atg8 proteolytic activation, and its delipidation. However, it is not clear how these two roles are distributed along the members of the ATG4 family of proteases. We show that these two functions are preferentially carried out by distinct ATG4 proteases, being ATG4D the main delipidating enzyme. In mammalian cells, ATG4D loss results in accumulation of membrane-bound forms of mATG8s, increased cellular autophagosome number and reduced autophagosome average size. In mice, ATG4D loss leads to cerebellar neurodegeneration and impaired motor coordination caused by alterations in trafficking/clustering of GABAA receptors. We also show that human gene variants of ATG4D associated with neurodegeneration are not able to fully restore ATG4D deficiency, highlighting the neuroprotective role of ATG4D in mammals.
Building a cluster of NLR genes conferring resistance to pests and pathogens: the story of the Vat gene cluster in cucurbits
Authors: Chovelon Véronique , Feriche-Linares Rafael , Barreau Guillaume , Chadoeuf Joël , Callot Caroline , Gautier Véronique , Le Paslier Marie-Christine , Berad Aurélie , Faivre-Rampant Patricia , Lagnel Jacques , Boissot Nathalie 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMost molecularly characterized plant resistance genes (R genes) belong to the nucleotide-binding-site-leucine-rich-repeat (NLR) receptor family and are prone to duplication and transposition with high sequence diversity. In this family, theVatgene in melon is one of the few R genes known for conferring resistance to insect, i.e.,Aphis gossypii, but it has been misassembled and/or mispredicted in the whole genomes of Cucurbits. We examined 14 genomic regions (about 400 kb) derived from long-read assemblies spanningVat-related genes inCucumis melo,Cucumis sativus, Citrullus lanatus, Benincasa hispida, Cucurbita argyrosperma, andMomordica charantia. We built the phylogeny of those genes. Investigating the paleohistory of theVatgene cluster, we revealed a step by step process beginning from a common ancestry in cucurbits older than 50 my. We highlightedVatexclusively in theCucumisgenera, which diverged about 20 my ago. We then focused on melon, evaluating a minimum duplication rate ofVatin 80 wild and cultivated melon lines using generalist primers; our results suggested that duplication started before melon domestication. The phylogeny of 44 Vat-CDS obtained from 21 melon lines revealed gain and loss of leucine-rich-repeat domains along diversification. Altogether, we revealed the high putative recognition scale offered in melon based on a combination of SNPs, number of leucine-rich-repeat domains within each homolog and number of homologs within each cluster that might jointly confer resistance to a large pest and pathogen spectrum. Based on our findings, we propose possible avenues for breeding programs.
Diversity and selection of the continuous-flowering gene, RoKSN, in rose
Authors: Soufflet-Freslon Vanessa , Araou Emilie , Jeauffre Julien , Thouroude Tatiana , Chastellier Annie , Michel Gilles , Mikanagi Yuki , Kawamura Koji , Banfield Mark , Oghina-Pavie Cristiana , Clotault Jérémy , Pernet Alix , Foucher Fabrice 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBlooming seasonality is an important trait in ornamental plants and was selected by humans. Wild roses flower only in spring whereas most cultivated modern roses can flower continuously. This trait is explained by a mutation of a floral repressor gene, RoKSN, a TFL1 homologue. In this work, we studied the origin, the diversity and the selection of the RoKSN gene. We analyzed 270 accessions, including wild and old cultivated Asian and European roses as well as modern roses. By sequencing the RoKSN gene, we proposed that the allele responsible for continuous-flowering, RoKSNcopia, originated from Chinese wild roses (Indicae section), with a recent insertion of the copia element. Old cultivated Asian roses with the RoKSNcopia allele were introduced in Europe, and the RoKSNcopia allele was progressively selected during the 19th and 20th centuries, leading to continuous-flowering modern roses. Furthermore, we detected a new allele, RoKSNA181, leading to a weak reblooming. This allele encodes a functional floral repressor and is responsible for a moderate accumulation of RoKSN transcripts. A transient selection of this RoKSNA181 allele was observed during the 19th century. Our work highlights the selection of different alleles at the RoKSN locus for recurrent blooming in rose.
Human skin aging is associated with increased expression of the histone variant H2A.J in the epidermis
Authors: Rübe Claudia E. , Bäumert Caroline , Schuler Nadine , Isermann Anna , Schmal Zoé , Glanemann Matthias , Mann Carl , Scherthan Harry 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCellular senescence is an irreversible growth arrest that occurs as a result of damaging stimuli, including DNA damage and/or telomere shortening. Here, we investigate histone variant H2A.J as a new biomarker to detect senescent cells during human skin aging. Skin biopsies from healthy volunteers of different ages (18–90 years) were analyzed for H2A.J expression and other parameters involved in triggering and/or maintaining cellular senescence. In the epidermis, the proportions of H2A.J-expressing keratinocytes increased from ≈20% in young to ≈60% in aged skin. Inverse correlations between Ki67- and H2A.J staining in germinative layers may reflect that H2A.J-expressing cells having lost their capacity to divide. As cellular senescence is triggered by DNA-damage signals, persistent 53BP1-foci, telomere lengths, and telomere-associated damage foci were analyzed in epidermal keratinocytes. Only slight age-related telomere attrition and few persistent nuclear 53BP1-foci, occasionally colocalizing with telomeres, suggest that unprotected telomeres are not a significant cause of senescence during skin aging. Quantification of integrin-α6+ basal cells suggests that the number and function of stem/progenitor cells decreased during aging and their altered proliferation capacities resulted in diminished tissue renewal with epidermal thinning. Collectively, our findings suggest that H2A.J is a sensitive marker of epidermal aging in human skin.
Antibody responses to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in individuals previously infected with SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Ebinger Joseph E. , Fert-Bober Justyna , Printsev Ignat , Wu Min , Sun Nancy , Prostko John C. , Frias Edwin C. , Stewart James L. , Van Eyk Jennifer E. , Braun Jonathan G. , Cheng Susan , Sobhani Kimia 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn a cohort of BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) mRNA vaccine recipients (n = 1,090), we observed that spike-specific IgG antibody levels and ACE2 antibody binding inhibition responses elicited by a single vaccine dose in individuals with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 35) were similar to those seen after two doses of vaccine in individuals without prior infection (n = 228). Post-vaccine symptoms were more prominent for those with prior infection after the first dose, but symptomology was similar between groups after the second dose.
Influence of the dissipation on the N-level atom interacting with a two two-level atoms in presence of qubit–qubit interaction
Authors: Abdel-Khalek S. , Alshehri Hashim M. , Khalil E. M. , Obada A.-S. F. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe interacting of two qubits and an N-level atom based on su(2) Lie algebra in the presence of both qubit–qubit interaction and dissipation term is considered. The effects of the qubit–qubit interaction and the dissipation term on the dynamics of the proposed system are discussed in detail for certain values of the number of levels. The dynamical expressions of the observable operators are obtained using the Heisenberg equation of motion. The population inversion and linear entropy, as well as the concurrence formula as a measure of entanglement between the two qubits are calculated and discussed. The roles of the number of levels, the qubit–qubit coupling parameter and the dissipation rate on these quantities are also discussed. We explore the sudden birth and sudden death of the entanglement phenomena with and without the dissipation term.
Energy dissipation efficiency as a new variable in the empirical correlation of total dissolved gas
Authors: Lu Jingying , Cheng Xiaolong , Wang Zhenhua , Li Ran , Feng Jingjie , Li Kefeng , Yan Zhongluan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTotal dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation, which occurs during dam spilling, may result in fish bubble disease and mortality. Many studies have been conducted to identify the factors pertaining to TDG generation, such as the spilling discharge and tailwater depth. Additionally, the energy dissipation efficiency should be considered due to its effect on the air entrainment, which influences the TDG generation process. According to the TDG field observations of 49 cases at Dagangshan and Xiluodu hydropower stations, the TDG was positively related to the energy dissipation efficiency, tailwater depth and discharge per unit width. A correlation between the generated TDG level and these factors was established. The empirical equations proposed by the USACE were calibrated, and the TDG level estimation performance was compared with the established correlation for 25 spillage cases at seven other dams. Among the considered cases, the standard error of the TDG estimation considering the energy dissipation efficiency was 5.7%, and those for the correlations obtained using the USACE equations were 13.0% and 10.0%. The findings indicated that the energy dissipation efficiency considerably influenced the TDG level, and its consideration helped enhance the precision of the TDG estimation. Finally, the generality of this approach and future work were discussed.
Submicron polymer particles may mask the presence of toxicants in wastewater effluents probed by reporter gene containing bacteria
Authors: Manivannan Bhuvaneshwari , Eltzov Evgeni , Borisover Mikhail 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMicroplastics are ubiquitous in aquatic systems and break down into submicron particles that can interact with aquatic toxic chemicals. These interactions may affect the detection of toxicants when using bacteria as a biomonitoring tool. This study examined the effects of model polystyrene (PS)-based submicron particles on the detection of aqueous geno- and cytotoxicity by genetically modified bioluminescent (GMB) bacteria. The toxicities were tested in three treated wastewater (TWW) effluents before and after chlorination. The PS plastics included negatively charged sulfate-coated (S-PS) and pristine (P-PS) particles of different sizes (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 µm) that were present at different concentrations. Chlorinated or not, the S-PS and P-PS particles per se were not toxic to the GMB bacteria. However, exposure of PS particles to TWW effluents can significantly reduce the measured geno- and cytotoxicity. Adsorption of toxic compounds to polymer particles can limit the ability of the bacteria to detect those compounds. This masking effect may be mitigated by TWW chlorination, possibly due to the formation of new toxic material. Due to interactions between toxic TWW constituents and the plastics particles, water samples containing particle-associated contaminants and/or their transformation products may be declared non-toxic, based on bacterial tests as a biomonitoring tool.
Comparison of treatment to improve gastrointestinal functions after colorectal surgery within enhanced recovery programmes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hamel Jean F. , Sabbagh Charles , Alves Arnaud , Regimbeau Jean M. , Vignaud Timothée , Venara Aurélien 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDespite a significant improvement with enhanced recovery programmes (ERP), gastro-intestinal (GI) functions that are impaired after colorectal resection and postoperative ileus (POI) remain a significant issue. In the literature, there is little evidence of the distinction between the treatment assessed within or outside ERP. The purpose was to evaluate the efficiency of treatments to reduce POI and improve GI function recovery within ERP. A search was performed in PubMed and Scopus on 20 September 2019. The studies were included if they compared the effect of the administration of a treatment aiming to treat or prevent POI or improve the early functional outcomes of colorectal surgery within an ERP. The main outcome measures were the occurrence of postoperative ileus, time to first flatus and time to first bowel movement. Treatments that were assessed at least three times were included in a meta-analysis. Among the analysed studies, 28 met the eligibility criteria. Six of them focused on chewing-gum and were only randomized controlled trials (RCT) and 8 of them focused on Alvimopan but none of them were RCT. The other measures were assessed in less than 3 studies over RCTs (n = 11) or retrospective studies (n = 2). In the meta-analysis, chewing gum had no significant effect on the endpoints and Alvimopan allowed a significant reduction of the occurrence of POI. Chewing-gum was not effective on GI function recovery in ERP but Alvimopan and the other measures were not sufficiently studies to draw conclusion. Randomised controlled trials are needed.Systematic review registration number CRD42020167339.
Physical fitness percentiles of Polish children aged 4–7 years
Authors: Przednowek Karolina H. , Niewczas Marta , Wójcik Łukasz , Paśko Wojciech , Iskra Janusz , Przednowek Krzysztof 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to report sex- and age-specific physical fitness level in Polish children aged 4 to 7. 11.709 children participated in the study, including 5.684 girls and 6.025 boys aged 4 to 7 who attended kindergarten institutions throughout Poland. Physical fitness was assessed using four tests developed by Sekita including shuttle run 4 × 5 m with moving the block, standing long jump, throwing 1 kg medicine ball with two hands above the head and 20 m run. Percentile charts were developed separately for males and females using the LMS method. Boys showed higher physical fitness values than girls. In addition, an increase in the level of physical fitness was observed along with the age of the subjects. The developed reference values by age and sex in the field of physical fitness can be used for diagnostic purposes and assessing the level of physical fitness of preschool children. In addition, they can be helpful for healthcare professionals, parents and teachers to develop children’s motor activation programs and monitor their physical fitness.