bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute respiratory distress syndrome emerging after surgical debridement in a patient with extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma
Authors: Wang Wei , Li Zhi-Tao , Cui Nan-Nan , Wang Guo-Bin , Fu Shui-Qiao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (ENKL) is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and lung involvement is extremely rare. The patients with pulmonary ENKL always presented unspecific symptoms of the respiratory system, such as cough with sputum and varying degrees of fever, while developing into acute respiratory distress (ARDS) was seldomly reported, especially promoted by the surgical procedure.

Case presentation
Here we describe a patient with nasal ENKL and most likely lung dissemination that was regarded as an infection at first. After nonresponse to a period of anti-infective therapy, this patient received surgical debridement. While the histopathology did not show the evidence of infection, but consistent with ENKL. The patient got refractory hypoxemia rapidly after surgery, with the LDH surging to a much higher level than before surgery. The ARDS was diagnosed, and he died on the 5th day after surgery. We postulate that ARDS was due to aggressive lymphoma proliferation promoted by the surgical procedure.

Conclusions
Pulmonary ENKL developing into ARDS was scarce, and was likely attributed to the aggressive tumor cell proliferation after surgery in this case.
Improvements in French risk stratification score were correlated with reductions in mean pulmonary artery pressure in pulmonary arterial hypertension: a subanalysis of the Japan Pulmonary Hypertension Registry (JAPHR)
Authors:   the Japan Pulmonary Hypertension Registry (JAPHR) Network, Tamura Yuichi , Kumamaru Hiraku , Abe Kohtaro , Satoh Toru , Miyata Hiroaki , Ogawa Aiko , Tanabe Nobuhiro , Hatano Masaru , Yao Atsushi , Tsujino Ichizo , Fukuda Keiichi , Kimura Hiroshi , Kuwana Masataka , Matsubara Hiromi , Tatsumi Koichiro 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Since there was no previous report, we analyzed the relationship between French Risk Stratification parameters in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and mean pulmonary arterial pressures (mPAP) using Japan PH Registry (JAPHR) national-wide cohort.

Methods
We enrolled 108 patients with PAH from JAPHR from previous reported cohort and analyzed the relations between French Risk Stratification scores and hemodynamic improvements.

Results
The ratio meeting 0 to 4 French Risk Stratification score was 21.3%, 31.5%, 32.4%, 13.0%, and 1.9% at baseline, and 6.5%, 23.2%, 33.3%, 23.2%, 13.9% at follow-up, respectively. The improvements in the number of criteria met were associated both with mPAP at follow-up (p = 0.03) and with the improvements in mPAP (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
The improvements in French Risk Stratification may become a marker of improved hemodynamics including mPAP.
Improving osteoarthritis management in primary healthcare: results from a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Østerås Nina , Blaker Irma Brandeggen , Hjortland Tore , Cottrell Elizabeth , Quicke Jonathan G. , Dziedzic Krysia S. , Blackburn Steven , Paulsen Aksel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
To improve quality of care for patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA), general practitioners (GPs) and physiotherapists (PTs) in a Norwegian municipality initiated an intervention. The intervention aimed to increase provision of core OA treatment (information, exercise, and weight control) prior to referral for surgery, rational use of imaging for assessing OA and improve communication between healthcare professionals. This study assessed the effectiveness of this intervention.

Methods
Forty-eight PTs and one hundred one GPs were invited to the intervention that included two interactive workshops outlining best practice and an accompanying template for PT discharge reports. Using interrupted time series research design, the study period was divided into three: pre-implementation, transition (implementation) and post-implementation. Comparing the change between pre- and post-implementation, the primary outcome was patient-reported quality of OA care measured with the OsteoArthritis Quality Indicator questionnaire. Secondary outcomes were number of PT discharge reports, information included in GP referral letters to orthopaedic surgeon, the proportion of GP referral letters indicating use of core treatment, and the use of imaging within OA assessment. Analyses involved linear mixed and logistic regression models.

Results
The PT workshop had 30 attendees, and 31 PTs and 33 GPs attended the multidisciplinary workshop. Two hundred eight and one hundred twenty-five patients completed the questionnaire during pre- and post-implementation, respectively. The adjusted model showed a small, statistically non-significant, increase in mean total score for quality of OA care (mean change = 4.96, 95% CI -0.18, 10.12, p:0.057), which was mainly related to items on OA core treatment. Patients had higher odds of reporting receipt of information on treatment alternatives (odds ratio (OR) 1.9, 95% CI 1.08, 3.24) and on self-management (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.33, 4.32) in the post-implementation phase. There was a small, statistically non-significant, increase in the proportion of GP referral letters indicating prior use of core treatment modalities. There were negligible changes in the number of PT discharge reports, in the information included in the GP referral letters, and in the use of imaging for OA assessment.

Conclusion
This study suggests that a primary care intervention including two inter-active workshops can shift the quality of care towards best practice recommendations.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02876120.
Cervical sagittal alignment after Prestige LP cervical disc replacement: radiological results and clinical impacts from a single-center experience
Authors: Wang Xiaofei , Meng Yang , Liu Hao , Chen Hua , Wang Beiyu , Hong Ying 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Cervical disc replacement (CDR) has been widely used to treat one- and two-level cervical degenerative disc disease. Studies have shown the effectiveness of CDR in preserving range of motion (ROM) and delaying adjacent segment degeneration (ASD). Cervical sagittal alignment is an important factor affecting favorable clinical outcomes in cervical spine surgery. This study aimed to explore whether cervical sagittal alignment can be maintained after CDR and to identify the impact of cervical sagittal alignment on outcomes after CDR.

Methods
This was a single-center, retrospective study. 132 patients who underwent one-level CDR were included. Cervical sagittal alignments, including cervical lordosis (CL), segmental alignment (SA), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), T1 slope (T1s), and T1s minus CL (T1s-CL), were measured. The effects of cervical sagittal alignment on the CDR outcomes were analyzed. Patients were divided into the heterotopic ossification (HO) group and ASD group to determine the potential impacts of cervical sagittal parameters.

Results
The cervical sagittal alignment parameters, except for the SVA, were significantly improved after CDR and showed decreasing trends at the last follow-up. Significantly higher CL and T1s were found in patients with better ROM after CDR. SVA ≥ 20 mm increased the risk of anterior HO (odds ratio = 2.945, P = 0.007). Significantly kyphotic SA and lower T1s values were found in the ASD patients than in the non-ASD patients (P < 0.05). Patients with ASD at the inferior level showed significantly worse CL (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
CDR had limited function of improving cervical sagittal alignment. Poor cervical sagittal alignment after CDR was associated with HO, ASD, and less ROM.
Antivirals blocking entry of enteroviruses and therapeutic potential
Authors: Anasir Mohd Ishtiaq , Zarif Faisal , Poh Chit Laa 
Published: January 2021

AbstractViruses from the genus Enterovirus (EV) of the Picornaviridae family are known to cause diseases such as hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD), respiratory diseases, encephalitis and myocarditis. The capsid of EV is an attractive target for the development of direct-acting small molecules that can interfere with viral entry. Some of the capsid binders have been evaluated in clinical trials but the majority have failed due to insufficient efficacy or unacceptable off-target effects. Furthermore, most of the capsid binders exhibited a low barrier to resistance. Alternatively, host-targeting inhibitors such as peptides derived from the capsid of EV that can recognize cellular receptors have been identified. However, the majority of these peptides displayed low anti-EV potency (µM range) as compared to the potency of small molecule compounds (nM range). Nonetheless, the development of anti-EV peptides is warranted as they may complement the small-molecules in a drug combination strategy to treat EVs. Lastly, structure-based approach to design antiviral peptides should be utilized to unearth potent anti-EV peptides.
Study on the views and methods of ultrasonic screening and diagnosis for abnormal aortic arch in infants
Authors: He Xinjian , Chen Jiaoyang , Li Gaoyang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study was to explore echocardiographic views and methods of aortic arch anomalies in infants, so as to improve the screening sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy.

Methods
140 children with abnormal aortic arch diagnosed by ultrasound in Children’s Hospital of Hebei Province from January 2014 to December 2019 were selected for retrospective analysis. All were confirmed by surgery or/and computerized tomography angiography. Series of views for aortic arch (the three-vessel and tracheal view, aortic arch short axis view, left aortic arch long axis view, aortic arch long axis continuous scan views) were performed in all cases on the basis of the routine views of echocardiography. The screening sensitivity and diagnostic coincidence rate of different echocardiographic views for aortic arch anomalies were analyzed.

Results
Among the 140 infants, right aortic arch were 21 cases (6/21 were accompanied by mirror branch and 15/21 were with aberrant left subclavian artery). Left aortic arch with aberrant right subclavian artery were 2 cases, and double aortic arch with both arches open were 20 cases. Double aortic arch with left arch atresia were 2 cases, and atresia of the proximal aorta with aortic arch dysplasia was 1 case. Coarctation of the aorta were 67 cases, and interruption of aortic arch were 27 cases. All the patients were correctly diagnosed except that 2 infants with interruption of aortic arch were incorrectly diagnosed as coarctation of the aorta, and 1 infant with coarctation of the aorta was misdiagnosed as interruption of aortic arch by echocardiography. The screening sensitivities of four views and four-view combination for abnormal aortic arch were 99.3, 73.6, 87.1, 99.3, and 100%; the diagnostic coincidence rates were 85.7, 27.1,66.4, 95.0%, and 97.9% respectively. On the basis of traditional left aortic long axis view, other three views had their own advantages. The screening sensitivity and diagnostic coincidence rate of four-view combination were significantly improved.

Conclusions
The three-vessel trachea view is simple and feasible, which is suitable for screening abnormal aortic arch. The combination of four views conduces to improving screening sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy of aortic arch abnormalities.
Assessing whether child and parent reports of the KINDL questionnaire measure the same constructs of quality of life in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Alamolhoda Marzieh , Farjami Mohammad , Bagheri Zahra , Ghanizadeh Ahmad , Jafari Peyman 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Discrepancy between child self-report and parent proxy-report has long been documented in the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measurement of children with chronic health conditions. This study aims to assess whether child and parent reports of the Kinder Lebensqualität fragebogen (KINDL) questionnaire measure the same construct of HRQoL in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD).

Methods
Participants were 122 Iranian children with ADHD and 127 of their parents, who completed the child and parent reports of the KINDL, respectively. Internal consistency of the child and parent reports were assessed by Cronbach's alpha. The intra-class correlation (ICC) coefficient and factor analysis were applied to assess whether the child self-report and the parent proxy-report measured the same construct of HRQoL. Additionally, convergent and discriminant validity were assessed using the Spearman correlation.

Results
The results of factor analysis revealed that the child self-report and parent proxy-report measure two different aspects of HRQoL. Moreover, both versions of the KINDL instrument showed excellent convergent and discriminant validity. The internal consistency was close to or greater than 0.7 for all domains of both child and parent reports.

Conclusions
Although the child self-report and the parent proxy-report of the Persian version of the KINDL have good psychometric properties, they are not interchangeable. This finding indicates that Iranian children with ADHD and their parents evaluate children's HRQoL from their own viewpoints.
How to promote exclusive breastfeeding in Ireland: a qualitative study on views of Chinese immigrant mothers
Authors: Chen Haoyue , Li Cheng , Zhou Qianling , Cassidy Tanya M. , Younger Katherine M. , Shen Siao , Kearney John M. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
The exclusive breastfeeding rate in Ireland is very low with extremely slow annual growth. The population of immigrants in Ireland is increasing. Improving exclusive breastfeeding practice among immigrants may contribute to the overall improvement of exclusive breastfeeding rates in Ireland. This study was conducted to elicit suggestions on improving exclusive breastfeeding rate for the first 6 months among Chinese immigrants in Ireland.

Methods
Fourteen semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with Chinese immigrant mothers residing in Ireland, who breastfed exclusively for 4 to 6 months. Interviews were recorded and transcribed in Chinese. Data were analyzed using a qualitative thematic analysis. Themes were developed through categorization of codes and via in-depth discussion between two researchers.

Results
Themes generated from the thematic content analysis were: 1) suggestions for new mothers: being strong mentally and getting support from family and friends; 2) suggestions for employers: creating a supportive workplace by setting up private rooms and breastmilk storage facilities; 3) suggestions for healthcare professionals: advocating breastfeeding in the hospital and addressing cultural differences by recruiting multilingual staff; 4) suggestions for the government: promoting breastfeeding by initiating societal and policy changes.

Conclusions
The key findings emerging from this study may be considered in the development of breastfeeding promotion strategies in Ireland. Our findings could also have implications for other English-speaking countries with low rates of exclusive breastfeeding.
BRD4 inhibition alleviates mechanical stress-induced TMJ OA-like pathological changes and attenuates TREM1-mediated inflammatory response
Authors: Huang Ziwei , Yang Ren , Zhang Lu , Zhu Mengjiao , Zhang Caixia , Wen Juan , Li Huang 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe aim of this paper was to investigate the protective effects of bromodomain containing 4 (BRD4) inhibition on the temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) induced by compressive mechanical stress and to explore the underlying mechanism. In vivo, a rat model of TMJ compressive loading device was used and BRD4 inhibitor was injected into the TMJ region. HE staining and micro-CT analysis were used for histological and radiographic assessment. Immunohistochemistry and qPCR were performed to detect inflammatory cytokines expressions. High-throughput ChIP-sequencing screening was performed to compare the BRD4 and H3K27ac binding patterns between condylar cartilage from control and mechanical force groups. In vitro, the mandibular condylar chondrocytes were treated with IL-1β. Small Interference RNA (siRNA) infection was used to silencing BRD4 or TREM1. qPCR was performed to detect inflammatory cytokines expressions. Our study showed that BRD4 inhibition can alleviate the thinning of condylar cartilage and subchondral bone resorption, as well as decrease the inflammatory factors expression both in vivo and in vitro. ChIP-seq analysis showed that BRD4 was more enriched in the promoter region of genes related to the stress and inflammatory pathways under mechanical stress in vivo.Trem1, a pro-inflammatory gene, was screened out from the overlapped BRD4 and H3K27ac increased binding sites, andTrem1mRNA was found to be regulated by BRD4 inhibition both in vivo and in vitro. TREM1 inhibition reduced the expression of inflammatory factors induced by IL-1β in vitro. In summary, we concluded that BRD4 inhibition can protect TMJ OA-like pathological changes induced by mechanical stress and attenuate TREM1-mediated inflammatory response.
Interfollicular epidermal stem-like cells for the recreation of the hair follicle epithelial compartment
Authors: Abreu Carla M. , Pirraco Rogério P. , Reis Rui L. , Cerqueira Mariana T. , Marques Alexandra P. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Hair follicle (HF) development and growth are dependent on epithelial-mesenchymal interactions (EMIs). Dermal papilla (DP) cells are recognized as the key inductive mesenchymal player, but the ideal source of receptive keratinocytes for human HF regeneration is yet to be defined. We herein investigated whether human interfollicular epidermal keratinocytes with stem-like features (EpSlKCs), characterized by a α6bri/CD71dim expression, can replace human hair follicular keratinocytes (HHFKCs) for the recreation of the HF epithelium and respective EMIs.

Methods
The α6bri/CD71dim cellular fraction was selected from the whole interfollicular keratinocyte population through fluorescence-activated cell sorting and directly compared with follicular keratinocytes in terms of their proliferative capacity and phenotype. The crosstalk with DP cells was studied in an indirect co-culture system, and EpSlKC hair forming capacity tested in a hair reconstitution assay when combined with DP cells.

Results
EpSlKCs exhibited a phenotypic profile similar to follicular keratinocytes and were capable of increasing DP cell proliferation and, for short co-culture times, the number of alkaline phosphatase-active cells, suggesting an improvement of their inductivity. Moreover, the recreation of immature HFs and sebaceous glands was observed after EpSlKC and DP cell co-grafting in nude mice.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that EpSlKCs are akin to follicular keratinocytes and can crosstalk with DP cells, contributing to HF morphogenesis in vivo, thus representing an attractive epithelial cell source for hair regeneration strategies.
Subcutaneous Rituximab-MiniCHOP Compared With Subcutaneous Rituximab-MiniCHOP Plus Lenalidomide in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma for Patients Age 80 Years or Older
Authors: Oberic Lucie , Peyrade Frederic , Puyade Mathieu , Bonnet Christophe , Dartigues-Cuillères Peggy , Fabiani Bettina , Ruminy Philippe , Maisonneuve Hervé , Abraham Julie , Thieblemont Catherine , Feugier Pierre , Salles Gilles , Bijou Fontanet , Pica Gian-Matteo , Damaj Gandhi , Haioun Corinne , Casasnovas René-Olivier , Farhat Hassan , Le Calloch Ronan , Waultier-Rascalou Agathe , Malak Sandra , Paget Jerome , Gat Elodie , Tilly Hervé , Jardin Fabrice 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE: The prognosis of elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is worse than that of young patients. An attenuated dose of chemotherapy—cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone plus rituximab (R-miniCHOP)—is a good compromise between efficacy and safety in very elderly patients. In combination with R-CHOP (R2-CHOP), lenalidomide has an acceptable level of toxicity and may mitigate the negative prognosis of the non–germinal center B-cell–like phenotype. The Lymphoma Study association conducted a multicentric, phase III, open-label, randomized trial to compare R-miniCHOP and R2-miniCHOP. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients of age 80 years or older with untreated DLBCL were randomly assigned into the R-miniCHOP21 group or the R2-miniCHOP21 group for six cycles and stratified according to CD10 expression and age. The first cycle of rituximab was delivered by IV on D1 after a prephase and then delivered subcutaneously on D1 of cycles 2-6. Lenalidomide was delivered at a dose of 10 mg once daily on D1-D14 of each cycle. The primary end point was overall survival (OS). RESULTS: A total of 249 patients with new DLBCL were randomly assigned (127 R-miniCHOP and 122 R2-miniCHOP). The median age was 83 years (range, 80-96), and 55% of the patients were classified as non-GCB. The delivered dose for each R-miniCHOP compound was similar in both arms. Over a median follow-up of 25.1 months, the intention-to-treat analysis revealed that R2-miniCHOP did not improve OS (2-year OS 66% in R-miniCHOP and 65.7% in R2-miniCHOP arm, P = .98) in the overall population or in the non-GCB population. Grade 3-4 adverse events occurred in 53% of patients with R-miniCHOP and in 81% of patients with R2-miniCHOP. CONCLUSION: The addition of lenalidomide to R-miniCHOP does not improve OS. Rituximab delivered subcutaneously was safe in this population.
No Venous Thromboembolism Increase Among Transgender Female Patients Remaining on Estrogen for Gender-Affirming Surgery
Authors: Kozato Aki , Fox G W Conner , Yong Patrick C , Shin Sangyoon J , Avanessian Bella K , Ting Jess , Ling Yiwei , Karim Subha , Safer Joshua D , Pang John Henry 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Both surgery and exogenous estrogen use are associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, it is not known whether estrogen hormone therapy (HT) exacerbates the surgery-associated risk among transgender and gender nonbinary (TGNB) individuals. The lack of published data has contributed to heterogeneity in perioperative protocols regarding estrogen HT administration for TGNB patients undergoing gender-affirming surgery.

Methods
A single-center retrospective chart review was performed on all TGNB patients who underwent gender-affirming surgery between November 2015 and August 2019. Surgery type, preoperative HT regimen, perioperative HT regimen, VTE prophylaxis management, outcomes, and demographic data were recorded.

Results
A total of 919 TGNB patients underwent 1858 surgical procedures representing 1396 unique cases, of which 407 cases were transfeminine patients undergoing primary vaginoplasty. Of the latter, 190 cases were performed with estrogen suspended for 1 week prior to surgery, and 212 cases were performed with HT continued throughout. Of all cases, 1 patient presented with VTE, from the cohort of transfeminine patients whose estrogen HT was suspended prior to surgery. No VTE events were noted among those who continued HT. Mean postoperative follow-up was 285 days.

Conclusions
Perioperative VTE was not a significant risk in a large, homogenously treated cohort of TGNB patients independent of whether HT was suspended or not prior to surgery.