bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Stretching and Strengthening Protocol on Forward Flexed Posture in Post-Menopausal Women
Authors: Sahasrabuddhe Sharvari , B. Shinde Sandeep , Ghadage Pradnya P. 
Published: December 2021

Background: Forward flexed posture is one of the most common structural change which occurs during menopause due to osteoporosis. Stretching and strengthening of cervical and thoracic spine muscles helps to alter the postural changes and maintain COG. This study thus, aims to see the effectiveness of the structured exercise protocol in post-menopausal women.
Aims and Objective: To study the effectiveness of supervised and non-supervised stretching and strengthening protocol in post-menopausal women with forward posture.
Materials and Methods: A total 40post-menopausal women with forward head posture were selected on the basis of selection criteria. They were randomly allocated in two groups A) Supervised Group= 20, B) Unsupervised Group=20 each. Forward flexed posture was assessed using Occiput to Wall Test and Craniovertebral Angle. Treatment was explained to both the groups. The pre and post measurements of the participants were recorded.
Results: Statistical analysis was performed using the unpaired t test. Occiput to wall test and craniovertebral angle were used as the outcome measures for determining the effect of stretching and strengthening on forward neck posture. Comparing the pre-intervention and post-intervention values of occiput to wall test, a significant difference was seen following administration of protocol (p<0.0001). For craniovertebral angle, a significant difference was seen between pre-intervention and post-intervention values (p<0.0001). Also, it was seen that there was a significantly higher difference in the values of craniovertebral angle and occiput to wall test values in the supervised groups as compared to the unsupervised group.
Conclusion: The current study demonstrated the effect of stretching and strengthening exercise in improving postural kyphosis in post-menopausal women. In addition, all variables of interest showed statistically significant post-treatment improvements in supervised group than unsupervised group.
A singular perturbation based adaptive strategy for bounded controller design in feedback linearizable systems
Authors: Mohan Rayguru Madan , Ramalingam Balakrishnan , Rajesh Elara Mohan 
Published: December 2021

SummaryThe saturation of actuators is a critical issue in numerous industrial and robotic applications. The article presents a singular perturbation based adaptive control technique for solving the tracking problem in uncertain feedback linearizable systems. A high gain dynamic controller technique is utilized to enforce time scale separation and facilitating dynamic inversion. The resulting closed loop singularly perturbed system is proved to be partially contracting, and the existence of a unique isolated slow manifold is assured via contraction technique. The parameter adaptation ensures uncertainties compensation and subsequently bounded tracking performance. Further, the technique is extended for multi input multi output systems like mobile robots. The numerical simulations present the usability of the proposed methodology and its effectiveness.
Novel adaptive controller design for a class of switched nonlinear systems subject to input delay using multi‐dimensional Taylor network
Authors: He Wen‐Jing , Han Yu‐Qun , Li Na , Zhu Shan‐Liang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFor the tracking control problem of a class of switched nonlinear systems with input delay, this article proposes an adaptive tracking control scheme based on multi‐dimensional Taylor network (MTN) approach. First, Padé approximation and Laplace transform are employed to overcome the problem of input delay, and a new variable is introduced. Second, the MTNs are used to approximate the uncertain nonlinear structures in the process of controller design via backstepping. The results show that the controller designed in this article can keep all the signals in the closed‐loop system are bounded, meanwhile, the output tracking error can be converged to arbitrarily small. It should be pointed out that MTN‐based approach is applied to switched nonlinear systems subject to input delay for the first time. Finally, three examples are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
Modified Embedded‐Atom Method Potentials for the Plasticity and Fracture Behaviors of Unary HCP Metals
Authors: Chen Shuai , Aitken Zachary H. , Sorkin Viacheslav , Yu Zhi Gen , Wu Zhaoxuan , Zhang Yong‐Wei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractModified embedded‐atom method (MEAM) potentials have been widely used in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to describe the interatomic interactions in metallic systems. However, conventional MEAM potentials are almost exclusively fit to a limited number of key single‐value properties, limiting the predictability of MD simulations, especially for complex hexagonal‐close‐packed (HCP) metals with multiple slip systems. Here, three MEAM potentials for unary HCP metals (Mg, Co, and Ti) are fit to conventional target properties, as well as continuous‐energy curves and their gradients obtained from density‐functional theory calculations. These targets include the lattice parameters, cohesive energy, elastic constants, and surface energies as well as the cohesive energy curve, basal plane decohesion energy curve, and generalized stacking fault energy curves for basal, prismatic, pyramidal I, and pyramidal II planes. These interatomic potentials demonstrate excellent reproduction of relevant properties and enable accurate MD simulations of volumetric and plastic deformations, as well as fracture in Mg, Co, and Ti HCP metals. Importantly, the interatomic potentials demonstrate better performance than all existing EAM/MEAM potentials readily available from the literature.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and the sirtuins caution: Pro‐cancer functions
Authors: Palmer Raymond D. , Vaccarezza Mauro 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis scoping review aims to perform a brief but comprehensive assessment of existing peer‐reviewed literature and determine whether raising nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide can prevent or promote tumorigenesis. The examination of extensive peer‐reviewed data regarding the synthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide has been performed with a focus on nuclear dynamics and the deoxyribose nucleic acid repair pathway. Various enzymatic protective functions have been identified from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide levels, as well as the threat role that is also explored. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide precursors and sirtuin‐activating compounds are becoming ubiquitous in the commercial market. Further research into whether elevating levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or overexpression of sirtuins can increase the potential for neoplasm or other age‐related pathophysiology is warranted due to the high energy requirements of certain diseases such as cancer.
Dental remains of the Middle Pleistocene hominins from the Sima de los Huesos site (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain): Mandibular dentition
Authors: Bermúdez de Castro José María , Martínez de Pinillos Marina , Martín‐Francés Laura , Modesto‐Mata Mario , García‐Campos Cecilia , Arsuaga Juan Luis , Martinón‐Torres María 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe Middle Pleistocene site of the Sima de los Huesos (Sierra de Atapuerca, northern Spain) has yielded a considerable number of human fossils during the period 1984–2020. Among them, up to 314 mandibular teeth have been identified. In this second paper dedicated to the dentition we present the description of the eight dental classes of the mandible following the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System (ASUDAS) classification. In addition, we show the mean mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters obtained in these teeth compared to those of Neanderthals and a modern human sample. The morphology of both the anterior and posterior teeth suggests a close relationship of the Sima de los Huesos hominins with the populations of the second half of the Middle Pleistocene of Europe and the Near East, as well as with the so‐called classic Neanderthals of Europe. The combination of dental traits in these populations is characteristic and diagnostic and suggests grouping the Sima de los Huesos hominins with the other paleodemes in a Neanderthal clade. The dental evidence of the Sima de los Huesos hominins is key to propose a complex model for the settlement of Europe during the Middle Pleistocene. In this period, different migrations of human groups probably coming from Southwest Asia, replacements, prolonged isolations, as well as hybridization and introgression processes would have contributed to the diversity of hominins in Europe.
Made for students, by students: Integrating former‐student voices into a de‐densified biochemistry laboratory
Authors: Kong Sunnie , Kumta Shruti , Vardar‐Ulu Didem 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic emphasized the importance of peer communication networks for student outcomes. Herein, we describe the use of supplemental instructional videos created by former students and integrated into electronic lab notebooks, to restore the lost community‐learning component using student voices in a de‐densified upper‐division biochemistry laboratory.
A Critical Review on the Properties of Intermetallic Compounds and Their Application in the Modern Manufacturing
Authors: Paul Amrit R. , Mukherjee Manidipto , Singh Dilpreet 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAdvancement in modern manufacturing processes is allowing researchers to develop new alloy configurations for different applications to reduce weight and increase efficiency. Many alloy combinations are produced that randomly generate different phases of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) in the structure during manufacturing which show unique mechanical and chemical properties. But, the fundamental knowledge of different IMCs is scattered across the material research domain. Thus, in this review, the crystal structures of IMCs are thoroughly discussed which are having structural and functional applications. Furthermore, the issues associated with the dissimilar Fe‐Al, Fe‐Ni, and Ni‐Al systems via modern manufacturing processes such as arc additive manufacturing have been discussed. Moreover, detailed knowledge of ferro‐nickel, nickel‐aluminides, and ferro‐aluminides formed at the interface during the dissimilar deposition in modern manufacturing is provided. Currently, a few transition metal IMCs and some Heusler alloys, are the most promising and are used in applications. The addition of a third alloying element provides the broadening effect on the phase domain of a specific IMC. Furthermore, it has been observed that modern manufacturing processes such as additive manufacturing and others are new and advanced manufacturing technologies used for dissimilar metal deposition, which can control the IMCs in a more favorable direction.
Uric acid levels in adult patients with severe eating disorders
Authors: Watters Ashlie , Johnson Richard J. , Bauschka Maryrose , Oakes Judy , Kelley Marina , Mehler Philip S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate serum uric acid (UA) levels in patients with extreme forms of eating disorders, at admission and discharge, following weeks of nutritional rehabilitation and weight restoration.MethodThis observational study enrolled 160 patients diagnosed with anorexia nervosa restricting subtype (AN‐R), AN binge‐purge subtype (AN‐BP), or avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). Serum UA levels were drawn on admission and discharge.ResultsMost of the cohorts were admitted with serum UA levels on the lower end of normal. Mean serum uric level for women was 4.3 mg/dl (SD: 2.3). Patients diagnosed with AN‐BP had significantly higher UA levels on admission compared to patients with AN‐R and ARFID; p < .0001, η2 = 0.13. High UA levels positively correlated with purging and admission serum blood urea nitrogen (r = .5, p = .009).DiscussionSerum UA levels tended to be in the low‐normal range in most patients with severe AN‐R, but not in AN‐BP. However, levels did increase with nutritional intake and weight gain. There may be clinical value in checking UA levels on admission for patients with eating disorders.
Microbiome diversity and reproductive incompatibility induced by the prevalent endosymbiont Arsenophonus in two species of African cassava Bemisia tabaci whiteflies
Authors: El Hamss Hajar , Ghosh Saptarshi , Maruthi M. N. , Delatte Hélène , Colvin John 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA minimum of 13 diverse whitefly species belonging to the Bemisia tabaci (B. tabaci) species complex are known to infest cassava crops in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA), designated as SSA1‐13. Of these, the SSA1 and SSA2 are the predominant species colonizing cassava crops in East Africa. The SSA species of B. tabaci harbor diverse bacterial endosymbionts, many of which are known to manipulate insect reproduction. One such symbiont, Arsenophonus, is known to drive its spread by inducing reproductive incompatibility in its insect host and are abundant in SSA species of B. tabaci. However, whether Arsenophonus affects the reproduction of SSA species is unknown. In this study, we investigated both the reproductive compatibility between Arsenophonus infected and uninfected whiteflies by inter‐/intraspecific crossing experiments involving the sub‐group three haplotypes of the SSA1 (SSA1‐SG3), SSA2 species, and their microbial diversity. The number of eggs, nymphs, progenies produced, hatching rate, and survival rate were recorded for each cross. In intra‐specific crossing trials, both male and female progenies were produced and thus demonstrated no reproductive incompatibility. However, the total number of eggs laid, nymphs hatched, and the emerged females were low in the intra‐species crosses of SSA1‐SG3A+, indicating the negative effect of Arsenophonus on whitefly fitness. In contrast, the inter‐species crosses between the SSA1‐SG3 and SSA2 produced no female progeny and thus demonstrated reproductive incompatibility. The relative frequency of other bacteria colonizing the whiteflies was also investigated using Illumina sequencing of 16S rDNA and diversity indices were recorded. Overall, SSA1‐SG3 and SSA2 harbored high microbial diversity with more than 137 bacteria discovered. These results described for the first time the microbiome diversity and the reproductive behaviors of intra‐/inter‐species of Arsenophonus in whitefly reproduction, which is crucial for understanding the invasion abilities of cassava whiteflies.
Uncertainty and disagreement of inflation expectations: Evidence from household‐level qualitative survey responses
Authors: Zhao Yongchen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe propose a procedure that jointly estimates expectation, uncertainty, and disagreement using a flexible hierarchical ordered response model and individual‐level qualitative data. Based on the Michigan survey of US consumers, our results reveal how their inflation expectations and the associated uncertainty are affected by various factors, including their perceptions of economic conditions, recollections of relevant news reports, and sociodemographic characteristics. An examination of the dynamics of inflation uncertainty and disagreement produces evidence in support of using the latter as a proxy of the former. However, our results also highlight important episodes (such as the start of the COVID pandemic) in which the two series diverge.
Effects of Allium mongolicum Regel and its extracts on the quality of fermented mutton sausages
Authors: Zhao Lihua , Sun Xueying , Wu Jing , Su Lin , Yang Fan , Jin Ye , Zhang Meizhi , Ao Changjin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe study aimed to evaluate the effects of Allium mongolicum Regel (AMR) and its water‐ and fat‐soluble extracts on the quality of fermented mutton sausages. Sausages were produced with mutton and fat. Four treatments: CO, without Allium mongolicum Regel and its extracts, used as control; AMR with Allium mongolicum Regel; AWE with water‐soluble extract of Allium mongolicum Regel; and AFE with liposoluble extract from Allium mongolicum Regel, were produced and analyzed for pH, water activity (aw), free amino acids, fatty acids, and volatiles were, respectively, in fermented mutton sausages during processing (0, 2, 5, and 7 days). The results showed that the pH values of the liposoluble extract from Allium mongolicum Regel (AFE), respectively, are lower than that of sample CO at the end of fermentation and ripening. The aw in all group of sausages significantly dropped to 0.88 at the end of ripening (Day 7). Adding Allium mongolicum Regel and its water‐soluble extract can improve the serine (SER) content of fermented mutton sausage. The contents of five essential amino acids (EAA) were added when adding Allium mongolicum Regel and its fat‐soluble extract. The total fatty acid (TFA) in the treatments increased during drying and ripening. The addition of Allium mongolicum Regel and its extract can increase the content of volatile flavor substances such as 3‐hydroxy‐2‐butanone, 3‐methylbutyraldehyde, hexanal, octanal, and nonanal at the later stage of maturity, so as to improve the flavor substances in fermented mutton sausage. Water‐soluble extract of Allium mongolicum Regel (AWE) and AFE treatments had more intense flavor at the end of ripening (Day 7). The flavor of fermented mutton sausage can be improved by adding Allium mongolicum Regel and its extracts into fermented mutton sausage.
Self‐sampling as the principal modality for population based cervical screening: Five‐year follow‐up of the PaVDaG study
Authors: Stanczuk Grazyna A. , Currie Heather , Forson William , Baxter Gwendoline , Lawrence James , Wilson Allan , Palmer Timothy , Arbyn Marc , Cuschieri Kate 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSelf‐sampling provides a powerful means to engage women in cervical screening. In the original Papillomavirus Dumfries and Galloway study (PaVDaG), we demonstrated cross‐sectional similarity of high‐risk human papillomavirus (Hr‐HPV) testing on self‐taken vaginal vs clinician‐taken samples for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 or worse (CIN2+). Few data exist on the longitudinal performance of self‐sampling; we present longitudinal outcomes of PaVDaG. Routinely screened women provided a self‐taken and a clinician‐collected sample. Ninety‐one percent of 5136 women from the original cohort completed a further screening round. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and complement of the negative predictive value of the Hr‐HPV test on self‐samples for detection of CIN2+ and CIN3+ up‐to 5 years after testing were determined. Additionally, clinical accuracy of Hr‐HPV testing on vaginal and clinician‐collected samples was assessed. A total of 183 CIN2+ and 102 CIN3+ lesions were diagnosed during follow‐up. Risk of CIN2+ and CIN3+ following an Hr‐HPV negative self‐sample was 0.6% and 0.2%, respectively, for up to 5 years after testing. The relative sensitivity for CIN3+ and specificity for ≤CIN1 of Hr‐HPV testing on self‐taken specimens was slightly lower vs clinician‐collected samples: 0.95 (95% CI: 0.90‐0.99; PMcN = .0625) and 0.98 (95% CI: 0.95‐1.00; PMcN = <.0000), respectively. The low risk of CIN2+ in women with Hr‐HPV—self‐sample(s) suggests, that the 3 to 5‐year recall interval implemented in several cervical screening settings, based on clinician‐taken samples, may be safe for self‐samples. Future assessment will show if “universal” 5‐year screening is appropriate for programs based on self‐sampling.
Centralizing the voices of queer womxn of color in counseling
Authors: Reyes Ana G. , Lindo Natalya A. , Allen Nicole , Rodríguez Delgado Mónica 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis participatory action research study explored queer womxn of color's (QWoC) experiences of microaggressions in counseling. Due to the multifaceted and complex experiences of QWoC, this study was informed by intersectionality theory and utilized photovoice methodology to explore QWoC's experiences of microaggressions in counseling. The seven QWoC who participated in this study provided portrayals of their experience of microaggressions in counseling. Five major themes were prominent in their photographs and narratives: (a) counseling as a tool of oppression, (b) impact of oppression in counseling, (c) strategies for survival, (d) healing for QWoC, and (e) the power of sharing mi historia. Overall, co‐researchers provided insight into their experiences of oppression in counseling, while highlighting clinical and research practices that may be healing and liberatory for QWoC. Additionally, implications and conclusions drawn from the experiences of co‐researchers provide recommendations for counselors working with QWoC.
LncRNA UCA1, miR‐26a, and miR‐195 in coronary heart disease patients: Correlation with stenosis degree, cholesterol levels, inflammatory cytokines, and cell adhesion molecules
Authors: Li Jie , Chen Zhisong , Wang Xiaoyan , Song Haoming 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundLong noncoding RNA urothelial cancer‐associated 1 (lnc‐UCA1) targets microRNA‐26a (miR‐26a) and microRNA‐195 (miR‐195) to participate in coronary heart disease (CHD) progression via regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell and microvascular endothelial cell viability and mobility. Therefore, this study set out to further explore the relationship between lnc‐UCA1 and miR‐26a and miR‐195, along with their roles in the management of patients with CHD.MethodsOne hundred and thirty‐six CHD patients and 70 age‐/gender‐matched controls were recruited in this case‐control study. Their peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples were collected for lnc‐UCA1, miR‐26a, and miR‐195 measurement. Furthermore, serum samples from CHD patients were obtained for inflammatory cytokines and cell adhesion molecules measurement. The Gensini score was used to evaluate the stenosis severity in CHD patients.ResultsLnc‐UCA1 expression tend to be increased, while miR‐26a and miR‐195 expressions were reduced in patients with CHD compared to that of controls (all p < 0.001). In CHD patients, lnc‐UCA1 was negatively correlated with miR‐26a (p < 0.001) and miR‐195 (p = 0.014). Besides, lnc‐UCA1 was positively correlated with Gensini score (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p = 0.019), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.002), and C‐reactive protein (p < 0.001), while miR‐26a (p < 0.001) and miR‐195 (p = 0.002) were negatively correlated with Gensini score. What's more, lnc‐UCA1 was positively correlated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α (p = 0.004), interleukin (IL)‐1β (p = 0.041), vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1) (p = 0.010), and intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) (p < 0.001). While miR‐26a was negatively correlated with some of the individual inflammatory cytokines and cell adhesion molecules.ConclusionLnc‐UCA1, miR‐26a, and miR‐195 may serve as potential biomarkers for CHD management.