bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19’s impact on faculty and staff at a School of Medicine in the US: what is the blueprint for the future?
Authors: Gottenborg Emily , Yu Amy , Naderi Roxana , Keniston Angela , McBeth Lauren , Morrison Katherine , Schwartz David , Burden Marisha 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused unprecedented challenges within medical centers, revealing inequities embedded in the medical community and exposing fragile social support systems. While faculty and staff faced extraordinary demands in workplace duties, personal responsibilities also increased. The goal of this study was to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on personal and professional activities of faculty and staff in order to illuminate current challenges and explore solutions.

Methods
Qualitative, semi-structured group interviews involved faculty and staff at four affiliate sites within the Department of Medicine at the University of Colorado, School of Medicine. Focus groups addressed the impact of COVID-19 on (1) Changes to roles and responsibilities at work and at home, (2) Resources utilized to manage these changes and, (3) Potential strategies for how the Department could assist faculty and staff. Thematic analysis was conducted using an inductive method at the semantic level to form themes and subthemes.

Results
Qualitative analysis of focus group transcripts revealed themes of: (1) Challenges and disparities experienced during the pandemic, (2) Disproportionate impact on women personally and professionally, (3) Institutional factors that contributed to wellness and burnout, and (4) Solutions and strategies to support faculty and staff. Within each of these themes were multiple subthemes including increased professional and personal demands, concern for personal safety, a sense of internal guilt, financial uncertainty, missed professional opportunities, and a negative impact on mentoring. Solutions were offered and included an emphasis on addressing preexisting inequities, the importance of community, and workplace flexibility.

Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic created burdens for already challenged faculty and staff in both their personal and professional lives. Swift action and advocacy by academic institutions is needed to support the lives and careers of our colleagues now and in the future.
HLA-A2.1-restricted ECM1-derived epitope LA through DC cross-activation priming CD8+ T and NK cells: a novel therapeutic tumour vaccine
Authors: Yu Zhaojin , Liu Wensi , He Ying , Sun Mingli , Yu Jiankun , Jiao Xue , Han Qiang , Tang Haichao , Zhang Bing , Xian Yunkai , Qi Jing , Gong Jing , Xin Wang , Shi Gang , Shan Fengping , Zhang Rui , Li Jianping , Wei Minjie 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundCD8+T cell-mediated adaptive cellular immunity and natural killer (NK) cell-mediated innate immunity both play important roles in tumour immunity. This study aimed to develop therapeutic tumour vaccines based on double-activation of CD8+T and NK cells.MethodsThe immune Epitope database, Molecular Operating Environment software, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used for epitope identification. Flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, UPLC-QTOF-MS, and RNA-seq were utilized for evaluating immunity of PBMC-derived DCs, CD8+T or NK cells and related pathways.HLA-A2.1transgenic mice combined with immunologically reconstituted tumour-bearing mice were used to examine the antitumour effect and safety of epitope vaccines.ResultsWe identified novel HLA-A2.1-restricted extracellular matrix protein 1(ECM1)-derived immunodominant epitopes in which LA induced a potent immune response. We also found that LA-loaded DCs upregulated the frequency of CD3+/CD8+T cells, CD45RO+/CD69+activated memory T cells, and CD3−/CD16+/CD56+NK cells. We demonstrated cytotoxic granule release of LA/DC-CTLs or LA/DC-NK cells and cytotoxicity against tumour cells and microtissue blocks via the predominant IFN-γ/perforin/granzyme B cell death pathway. Further investigating the mechanism of LA-mediated CD8+T activation, we found that LA could be internalized into DCs through phagocytosis and then formed a LA-MHC-I complex presented onto the DC surface for recognition of the T cell receptor to upregulate Zap70 phosphorylation levels to further activate CD8+T cells by DC-CTL interactions. In addition, LA-mediated DC-NK crosstalk through stimulation of the TLR4-p38 MAPK pathway increased MICA/B expression on DCs to interact with NKG2D for NK activation. Promisingly, LA could activate CD8+T cells and NK cells simultaneously via interacting with DCs to suppress tumours in vivo. Moreover, the safety of LA was confirmed.ConclusionsLA-induced immune antitumour activity through DC cross-activation with CD8+T and NK cells, which demonstrated proof-of-concept evidence for the capability and safety of a novel therapeutic tumour vaccine.
Desert Geopolitics
Authors: Koch Natalie 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn 2014 the largest dairy company in the Middle East, Almarai, purchased a farm near Vicksburg, Arizona, to grow alfalfa as feed for cattle in Saudi Arabia. Almarai is headquartered at Al Kharj farms, just outside of Riyadh, where it has a herd of more than 93,000 milk cows. Given that dairy and alfalfa farms both require an immense amount of water to maintain, what explains these developments in the deserts of Arizona and Arabia? The answers are historical and contemporary, demanding an approach to “desert geopolitics” that explains how environmental and political narratives bind experts across space and time. As a study in political geography and environmental history, this article uncovers a geopolitics of connection that has long linked the US Southwest and the Middle East, as well as the interlocking imperial visions advanced in their deserts. To understand these arid entanglements, I show how Almarai's purchase of the Vicksburg farm is part of a genealogy of exchanges between Saudi Arabia and Arizona that dates to the early 1940s. The history of Al Kharj and the decades-long agricultural connections between Arizona and Saudi Arabia sheds light on how specific actors imagine the “desert” as a naturalized site of scarcity, but also of opportunity to build politically and economically useful bridges between the two regions.
Zeolite Catalysis Enables Efficient Pyrazinone Synthesis in Water
Authors: Hisada Tomoya , Kitanosono Taku , Yamashita Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Shū 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We employed herein a Linde Type A zeolite as a heterogeneous catalyst to condense amino acid amides with glyoxal affording pyrazinones. The synthesis was conducted in water without using corrosive reagents, organic solvents, or additives. The power of this “aquachemistry” was demonstrated through robust, continuous-flow synthesis.
Computerized cavernosography is a method of preoperative preparation of patients for penile prosthesis implantation
Authors: Kyzlasov P. , Mustafayev Ali , Bashkov A. , Udalov Yu. , Topuzov T , Martov A. 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: to evaluate the possibilities of CT cavernosography in the preoperative preparation of patients, in order to determine the size of cavernous bodies, for the correct selection of the size of pemile implants.
Material and methods: 26 patients who underwent penile prosthesis implantation with preoperative preparation in the form of CT cavernosography, in order to determine the size of cavernous bodies.
Results: In 15 patients, the data on the sizes of cavernosography coincided with the true ones without errors, in 11 patients the error was 0.5 cm (which was compensated by the nozzles from the kit). During the observation of complications after the installation of penile prosthesis implantation associated with improper selection of size was not fixed.
Conclusion: CT cavernosography is an effective way of preoperative planning of patients with the aim of clarifying the size of cavernous bodies and selecting the right size of the prosthesis. This method allows you to select an implant with an accuracy of 0.5 cm, which in turn will reduce the risk of complications associated with improper selection of prostheses, as well as improve the economic component in the form of reducing the number of cases when the prosthesis was opened with an incorrectly selected size, which queue leads to financial loss of the clinic.
Calibration Algorithms for Estimating the Number of Radiogenic Deaths in a Cohort
Authors: Vasilyev E , Annenkova E , Biryukov A. , Orlov Yu. , Dumansky S , Tukov A. 
Published: April 2021

Background: Development of algorithms for estimating the number of radiogenic deaths in a cohort that happened or may happen before an arbitrary moment in time. Algorithms should be based on continuous lifelong risk models and minimize the errors of estimates based on deformable non-radiation models ("seed" models) reflecting the general patterns of Russian mortality, but with the possibility of calibrating according to selected data.
Materials and methods: For the study, the databases of the register of liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident – employees of the enterprises of the Ministry of Atomic Energy of Russia were used. Persons with a non-zero dose of ionizing radiation received as a result of the accident and who were registered in the register until 2018 were selected from the register. There are 7324 men and 655 women in this sample. The number of deaths from the beginning of the observation period until 1996, 2006, 2016 from all causes, as well as from solid cancers and leukemias, was used as a reference data for the calibration. Radiation risk was calculated using UNSCEAR 2006 models. Calibration was performed using the Levenberg – Marquardt method.
Results: A general formula was obtained for assessing the excess lifetime risk of death, which is the basis of the developed algorithms. The "seed" models of the risk of death from all causes and from solid cancers and leukemia’s were obtained. In accordance with the purpose of the work, two algorithms have been developed. The first algorithm is intended for direct (without using radiation risk models) estimation of the number of radiation-induced deaths in a cohort. The second uses radiation risk models. The performance of the algorithms was tested using the industry register of liquidators of the consequences of the Chernobyl accident. In particular, a 30 % calculated increase in the estimated number of deaths from radiation-induced solid cancers was recorded using calibrated models.
Conclusions: The proposed calculation algorithms for calibrated models provide reliable (if the radiation risk models are considered sufficiently adequate) estimates of the number of Chernobyl deaths for points in time preceding the current one and, presumably, more accurate predictive estimates compared to the calculation algorithm for uncalibrated models. The low sensitivity of the lifelong risk model to variations in the parameters of the background models and the total mortality model makes it possible to apply models calibrated according to the liquidator register to other closely related populations (NPP workers, etc.).
PENGARUH KOMPENSASI DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA KARYAWAN (STUDI KASUS PADA PT. BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT SHINTA DAYA)
Authors: Chaisunah Chaisunah , Muttaqiyathun Ani 
Published: April 2021

This research entitled compensation and work environment influence job satisfaction of employees of PT. Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Shinta Daya. Basic research is whether the compensation and work environment has a significant impact on job satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the compensation and work environment has a significant impact on job satisfaction of employees of PT. Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Shinta Daya either partially or in unison. In this research, compensation (X1) and the working environment (X2) as independent variables and job satisfaction (Y) as the dependent variable. The study involved PT. Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Shinta Daya as objects of research hypothesis is the influence of compensation and work environment on job satisfaction. The population in this study are all permanent employees in PT. Bank Perkreditan Rakyat Shinta Daya. The sample is selected by using the technique of saturated samples (census), which totaled 80.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KUALITAS PENERAPAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, LEVERAGE, DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN DENGAN EARNINGS MANAGEMENT SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENSI
Authors: Rifandi Ahmad Candra , Bidayati Utik 
Published: April 2021

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about the influence of the quality of the implementation of good corporate governance, leverage, and profitability of the banking firm value when intervention by earnings management. Quality of the implementation of good corporate governance is measured by a composite score of good corporate governance self assessment by Bank Indonesia Circular Letter No. 9/12/DNDP May 30, 2007, leverage measured by debt-to-equity ratio (DER), profitability measured by earnings growth, earnings management is measured by discreationary accruals, and firm value is measured by the ratio of price book value (PBV). Results of this study showed that the only significant effect of leverage on earnings management. While the quality of the implementation of good corporate governance and profitability no significant effect on earnings management. Earnings management had no significant effect on firm value, and thus the quality of the implementation of good corporate governance, leverage, and profitability does not affect the firm value when it intervened by earnings management.
ANALISIS PENGARUH RASIO PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PERUSAHAAN YANG TERCANTUM DALAM INDEKS LQ45
Authors: Abdullah Haidar , Asakdiyah Salamatun 
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to examine the effect of profitability ratio on stock price of companies listed in LQ45 index in Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI). Profitability ratios here in include Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Eearning Per Share (EPS). This study was conducted to assess the financial performance of the company to generate earnings from an investment.This study uses secondary data. The population in this study is the companies included in the LQ45 index from 2010-2013 amounting to 78. The total sample is 16 companies belonging to and representing several sectors including the financial sector companies, automotive, property, plantation, infrastructure, mining, industrial cement, as well as the consumer goods industry are consistently incorporated in the four observation period 2010-2013 in LQ45 index that has been determined through purposive sampling method. Method of hypothesis testing using Classical Assumption Test, Regression, t test, F test, and the coefficient of determination by alpha (α) of 5%.Regression analysis showed that in partial Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA) and Return On Equity (ROE) significantly influence the stock price while the variable Eearning Per Share (EPS) has no significant effect on stock price. Simultaneously all variables Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Eearning Per Share (EPS) have a significant effect on stock price. The value of coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.899, which means that the independent variable Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Eearning Per Share (EPS) is able to explain the variation of the dependent variable stock price by 89,9%, while the remaining 10.1 % is explained by other variables outside of the variables used in the study.
PENGARUH RASIO KEUANGAN TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN DEVIDEN (STUDI PADA PERUSAHAAN REAL ESTATE DAN PROPERTY YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA)
Authors: Aniyati Lisma , Setyono Hendro 
Published: April 2021

This research aimed to analyze and test the effect of financial ratios of the dividend policy on the real estate and properties listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The independent variables is used Return On Investment (ROI), Debt to Total Assets (DTA), Earning Per Share (EPS), and Total Asset Turnover (TATO). Another dependent variable is used dividend Payout Ratio (DPR). The population of this research is 50 companies. There are from the real estate companies and properties which registered in Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2012-2014. Because not all members of the population is meet the criteria, the sampling method is used purposive sampling method there are 9 samples. The analytical method are used the classic assumption test and regression test. Based on the survey results showing that from partially there is only DTA variables were not significantly influent to the dividend policy on real estatecompany and properties which registered in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Another variable are ROI, EPS, and TATO were significant effect to the dividend policy on real estate and properties which registered in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The results simultaneous test showed the ROI, DTA, EPS, and TATO variables has an influence to the real estate company and properties whichregistered in indonesian Stock Exchange. The higher coefficient of determination is 49.10%.
ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI KONDISI FINANCIAL DISTRESS PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI
Authors: Sulistyani Sulistyani , Ismanto Deny 
Published: April 2021

Financial distress precedes bankruptcy. Most financial distress models actually rely on bankruptcy data, which is easier to obtain. The purpose of this research to examine financial ratios that predict financial distress condition of a firm. The sample of this research consist of 14 distress firm and 79 non-distress firms, chosen by purposive sampling. The statistic method which is used to test on the research hypothesis is logistic regresion. The results show that the liquidity ratio (current assets/current liabilities) and a leverage ratio (current leabilities/total asset) is a significant variable to determine of financial distress firms. When profitability ratio (net income/net sales) and price earning ratio (market price per share/earnings per share) are not significant variables to determine of financial distress.
A quality improvement project targeting physical, cognitive and social activity levels in inpatient rehabilitation
Authors: Marsiglio Rosemarie , Watterson Dina , Maric Valentina , Holland Anne E 
Published: April 2021

Background/aims People undergoing inpatient rehabilitation largely spend their day by the bedside, inactive and alone. Increasing patients' physical, cognitive and social activity levels may improve rehabilitation outcomes for both the individual and the service. The aim of this study was to trial an activity programME that aimed to increase inpatient physical, cognitive and social activity levels, provided within existing resources whilE maintaining or increasing patient satisfaction. Methods A mixed-methods approach was used to develop and evaluate a multi-component activity programme for patients undergoing inpatient rehabilitation. Results Patient activity across the unit did not change but the amount of time spent alone during a weekday was significantly reduced. Patient satisfaction levels remained high. Each new therapy group was well received by patients and the volunteers who supported implementation. Novel programmes included table tennis coaching and independent gym access for selected inpatients, which were well used and not resource intensive. Therapist prescription of independent practice programmes remained low. Broader initiatives such as patient education folders require revision and further investment to succeed. Conclusions It is possible to change and evaluate multiple therapy services concurrently. The absence of change in overall activity levels demonstrates a need to establish the most successful components, harness support from the organisation to address some of the physical/environmental barriers and expand smaller programmes, and invest more time to consolidate the whole-of-service changes required to push the rehabilitation service in the direction of greater patient activity and ownership. Clinicians should pursue, implement, evaluate and revise novel programmes to engage their patient population.
Impressões sobre o ensinar e o aprender em tempos de pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Gomes Ana Lúcia 
Published: April 2021

A severidade da pandemia do COVID-19 levou à adoção de medidas para diminuir o contágio entre as pessoas pelo vírus. Considerando a dinâmica escolar, que envolve interação próxima e aglomerações, decidiu-se pela suspensão das atividades escolares presenciais. Face a possíveis efeitos negativos na aprendizagem optou-se pela continuidade do ensino de forma remota. O presente trabalho busca refletir sobre as impressões que professores, alunos e pais têm a respeito do processo de ensino-aprendizagem remoto usado pelas escolas particulares da cidade do Rio de Janeiro ante a pandemia. O estudo de natureza qualitativa e exploratória, envolveu 36 participantes. Como metodologia usamos a entrevista não-estruturada. Os resultados sinalizaram especificidades de cada grupo e indicaram que apesar das dificuldades enfrentadas eles desenvolveram uma nova postura diante do processo de ensino-aprendizagem como um todo e descobriram outras possibilidades para ensinarem e aprenderem no contexto do ensino emergencial a distância.
Di Bawah Bayang-Bayang Syariat: Islam, Islamisme dan Demokrasi di Kota Surakarta
Authors: Adnan Muhammad 
Published: April 2021

Kajian ini dikhususkan pada dimamika relasi Islam, Islamisme dan demokrasi di Surakarta. Kajian dilaksanakan dengan melakukan wawancara terhadap beberapa aktivis Islam dan aktivis Islam politik. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan teori sikap dan teori identitas untuk menjajagi sejauhmana sikap mereka terhadap praktik demokrasi, yaitu pemilihan kepala daerah dan pemilihan anggota legislatif. Seberapa kuat peran identitas ke-Islam-an mereka menyikapi pemilihan tersebut. Hasil kajian menunjukkan, aktivis Islam non-politik terbagi dalam dua kelompok. Satu kelompok dapat menerima demokrasi secara utuh tanpa dikaitkan dengan persoalan syariat, bahkan demokrasi diangggap sudah sesuai dengan syariat. Sebaliknya, kelompok kedua menerima demokrasi tetapi menekankan pentingnya memiliki pemimpin Islam. Kalaupun yang terpilih non Muslim, mereka bisa menerima tetapi dengan kondisi terpaksa. Sikap ini juga berlaku untuk pemilihan anggota legislatif. Kelompok Islam politik juga terbagi menjadi dua sikap yaitu kelompok Islamis-idealis dan Islamis-realis. Kelompok yang idealis total menolak praktik demokrasi termasuk pemimpin non-Islam. Kelompok realis, masih bisa menerima demokrasi tetapi haram memilih pemimpin non Islam. Praktik demokrasi di Surakarta untuk waktu yang tidak bisa ditentukan akan senantiasa dibayang-bayangi tiga fenomema. Pertama, dominasi sikap aktivis Islam yang menggunakan standar syariat menurut interpretasi mereka dalam memilih pemimpin politik. Kedua, dominasi sikap aktivis Islam politik yang lebih total dalam menggunakan standar syariat yaitu menetapkan keharaman dalam memilih pemimpin non Islam. Ketiga, sikap Islamis-idealis yang total menolak sistem demokrasi, meskipun pemimpin yang terpilih beragama Islam.