bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental and social correlates of the plumage color polymorphism in an urban dweller, feral pigeon (Columba livia f. domestica)
Authors: Skórka Piotr , Grzywacz Beata , Bełcik Michał , Tryjanowski Piotr 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWe examined how urban environments affect the abundance, proportion, and diversity of plumage color morphs in feral pigeons. Five major plumage color morphs (black, blue, white, red, and mixed) were counted in sixty 25-ha plots in Poznań City (Poland). Generalized additive models were used to study the correlations among abundance, proportion of morphs, and environmental factors. Anthropogenic food sources were positively correlated with the abundance of black morphs and the proportions of black and red morphs. The blue morph abundance peaked at a moderate percentage of tall building cover, but its proportion decreased. A similar decrease was observed in the mixed plumage morphs. The abundance of blue morphs decreased, whereas the abundance of white morphs and the proportion of red morphs increased as the distance from the city center increased. The plumage color morph diversity (Simpson) index was positively correlated with food sources and hedgerow density but negatively correlated with street density. Color morph diversity in the study area may be sustained by differential responses of morphs to the environmental features of the urban environment. However, the positive correlation between the abundance of morphs indicates social attraction rather than social isolation among plumage color morphs.
N-mixture models with camera trap imagery produce accurate abundance estimates of ungulates
Authors: Harris Grant M. , Stewart David R. , Butler Matthew J. , Rominger Eric M. , Ruhl Caitlin Q. , McDonald Daniel T. , Schmidt Paige M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAbundance estimates inform ungulate management and recovery efforts. Yet effective and affordable estimation techniques remain absent for most ungulates lacking identifiable marks and inhabiting rugged or highly vegetated terrain. Methods using N-mixture models with camera trap imagery form an appealing solution but remain unvalidated. We assess this method using populations of desert bighorn sheep (DBS; Ovis canadensis) in New Mexico, USA, plus bison (Bison bison bison) and Texas longhorn cattle (Bos taurus taurus) in Oklahoma, USA, by calculating and comparing abundance estimates to censused values. We parsed data by 3 and 7-day intervals, using images filtered or unfiltered, and collected with motion detection or timed camera settings. We employed priors informed by subject matter experts (SME) and calculated using detection-nondetection methods. Abundance estimates from filtered images captured by motion detection in 3-day intervals included the censused value across all seasons for adult DBS, rams and ewes, indicating “best practices”. This “best practices” method also captured censused values for population estimates of bison (detection-nondetection) and cattle with both priors. Our assessment validates the use of N-mixture with camera trap imagery, while presenting sampling approaches, data handling procedures and model calibration to estimate wildlife population sizes more appropriately and accurately.
Energy efficient group priority MAC protocol using hybrid Q-learning honey Badger Algorithm (QL-HBA) for IoT Networks
Authors: Venkatachalam Ilayaraja , john Sirajudeen Ameer , Srinivasan Jagadeesan , Palaniappan Senthilnathan , Somasundaram S. K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn Internet of Things (IoT) networks, identifying the primary Medium Access Control (MAC) layer protocol which is suited for a service characteristic is necessary based on the requirements of the application. In this paper, we propose Energy Efficient and Group Priority MAC (EEGP-MAC) protocol using Hybrid Q-Learning Honey Badger Algorithm (QL-HBA) for IoT Networks. This algorithm employs reinforcement agents to select an environment based on predefined actions and tasks. It makes use of Q-learning method in Honey Badger Algorithm (HBA). In this algorithm, the PAN coordinator divides the network devices into multiple subgroups based on location, energy levels and the traffic type. In group priority assignment phase, a combined metric will be derived in terms of these parameters. Then a priority will be assigned to each group based on their combined metric. From each group, the optimal number of contention nodes will be selected using hybrid QL-HBA algorithm. The fitness function is derived in terms of the number of neighbours and total traffic loads of the nodes. Then transmission slots will be allotted to the group according to their group priority. The proposed EEGP-MAC protocol is implemented in NS3. Simulation results have shown that EEGP-MAC attains 11% lesser delay, 16% lesser energy consumption with 10% higher throughput, when compared to existing QL-DGMAC protocol, in various network sizes.
Time–frequency characteristics and influencing factors of the pressure wave caused by power–frequency arc inside a closed oil tank
Authors: Jia Yunfei , Ji Shengchang , Luo Xun , Jia Shuangrui , Li Simeng 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe arc faults inside oil‐immersed power equipment can produce high‐amplitude pressure waves inside tanks, which might cause ignition and explosion accidents. This kind of failure is one of the most severe faults for power equipment and has attracted considerable attention in recent years. However, due to the high risk of the experiments and the complex development of arc in oil, the characteristics of the pressure wave formed by the arc are still confusing. In this paper, the time–frequency characteristics of pressure waves are analysed using several experiments of 1–8 kA power–frequency arc inside a closed oil tank. The experimental results show that the pressure wave produced by the arc in oil contains three frequency bands, 0–500 Hz, 500 Hz–40 kHz, and above 40 kHz, which are related to the arc energy, the average current around arc ignition and the metal wire explosion respectively. This helps further understand the formation mechanism of the pressure wave caused by the arc in oil. This paper discusses the influences of ignition wire on arc‐formed pressure waves. A wire diameter selection method for arc experiments is established to reduce the pressure differences between wire‐ignited arcs and actual arc faults.
Positive corona discharge of rod‐plate electrodes in high‐speed airflow
Authors: Wu Qiang , Wang Yu , Du Zhengxian , Wu Zeliang , Deng Yeqiang , Wen Xishan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe characteristics of positive corona discharge of rod electrode in high‐speed airflow are studied in this paper. The experiments were carried out in a wind tunnel with a maximum flow speed of 100 m/s in a dark room. The discharge voltage and current were recorded and the corona patterns were captured by a digital single lens reflex (DSLR) camera during the experiment. A discharge transition in rod electrode from streamer corona to mixed streamer‐glow corona, and finally to stable glow discharge was observed with the voltage increased. The increase of airflow speed resulted in a decrease of each corona inception voltages. The streamers will be suppressed and shifted towards the upwind side, while the glow layer will be promoted and shifted towards the downwind side in low and upwind side in high voltages. The glow corona current and the voltage show a quadratic function and the higher the airflow speeds, the bigger the coefficient of square of voltage. The distributions of peaks, pulse widths and interval times of streamer pulses were analysed, showing good correspondence with the streamer images. The measurements were explained by combining particle transport and local air pressure distribution.
Would Neonatal Healthcare Professionals Disclose Personal Opinions
When Counseling Parents About Value-laden Decisions?
Authors: Arnold Christine , Eychmüller Julian , Hediger Dina , Baumann Lukas , Jaisli Sophie , Kidszun André 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background To explore the attitudes of neonatal healthcare professionals
towards disclosing personal opinions when counseling parents about value-laden
decisions using scripted video animations, with a view to comparing these later
with the attitudes of parents of preterm infants.
Methods An exploratory study was conducted during the 5th Annual Meeting
of the Joint European Neonatal Societies in Rome. Data were collected via a
web-based survey during a live session. Two scripted video animations were
presented and discussed, one with and one without disclosure of the physician’s
personal opinion.
Results Sixty-nine healthcare professionals from 19 countries were
enrolled. Forty-seven (68.1%) respondents stated that disclosing personal
opinions would “unduly influence” the parents' decision-making process.
Thirty-seven (53.6%) participants would not have given their personal opinion in
the case presented, and 45 (65.2%) participants stated that disclosure of the
physician's personal opinion would result in parents being less prepared
for decision-making. Discussions were dominated by underlying values and culture
rather than the process of sharing opinions.
Discussion and Conclusions The study provides new insights into the
opinions of healthcare professionals on the disclosure of personal opinions when
making difficult treatment decisions, but further research may require a more
nuanced approach in different scenarios. Further research with a larger sample
and different scenarios is needed to explore in more depth healthcare
professionals’ and parents’ attitudes of autonomous decision-making.
The Use of Fibrin Sealants in Reducing Postoperative Complications in Skull Base Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Eberly Hänel W. , Rosi-Schumacher Mattie , Sciscent Bao Y. , Truong Nguyen , King Tonya S. , Goldenberg David , Goyal Neerav 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective To determine if using fibrin sealants (FS) during skull base (SB) surgery reduces complications.
Methods PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched for studies of patients who underwent SB surgery with use of an FS. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Primary outcomes included incidence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak, revision surgery, infection, and drain placement. Methods for meta-analysis were performed including tests of homogeneity and both fixed-effects and random-effects models.
Results A total of 30 articles met the inclusion criteria. There were 3,681 patients, including 2,220 patients who received FS and 1,461 patients who did not. The most common surgical approaches were posterior fossa (27.4%) and transsphenoidal (18.2%). The FS group was less likely to have a lumbar drain placed (1.7% versus 8.1% of the control group). The difference in drain placement incidence between groups for the studies which included both groups was −0.135 (95% CI [−0.285, 0.016], p = 0.079) for the random-effects model and −0.038 (95% CI [−0.068, −0.008], p = 0.014) for the fixed-effects model. The incidence of CSF leak was 11.3% in the control group and 6.8% in the FS group. The rate of infection was higher in the control group (6.1%) compared with the FS group (3.3%), although not statistically significant. The rate of revision surgery was similar between the two groups (3.0% in the control group versus 2.4% in the FS group).
Conclusion Patients who underwent SB surgery with FS may have lower incidences of drain placement than patients whose surgery did not involve FS.
Afraid of the Cold: Mitral Valve Replacement in a Patient with Cold Agglutinins
Authors: Sokolowski Caleb , Newman Joshua S. , Lambert Daniel , Pupovac Stevan S. , Manetta Frank 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA 40-year-old male presented with symptomatic severe mitral stenosis and moderate mitral insufficiency and was recommended to undergo mitral valve replacement. While undergoing preoperative workup, the patient was found to have positive cold agglutinin (CA) autoantibodies. The patient underwent a successful mechanical mitral valve replacement with maintenance of systemic normothermia and myocardial hypothermia. Postoperatively, no neurologic or thrombotic sequelae were observed and the patient was discharged home with no complications. We propose a management approach to patients with CAs that affords myocardial hypothermia in patients requiring cardiac surgery.
Hybrid hexa-octagonal photonic crystal fiber with excellent guiding properties for sensing and communication applications
Authors: Geerthana S , Sridarshini T , Jenila C , Balaji V R , Soroosh Mohammad , Thirumurugan Arun , Dhanabalan Shanmuga Sundar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A novel hybrid hexa-octagonal photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is designed by integrating a hexagonal arrangement of elliptical air holes in the core using soft glass and an octagonal lattice of circular air holes in the cladding. This study presents a comparative analysis of the fiber parameters, including confinement loss, non-linearity, effective area, birefringence, and chromatic dispersion, for two configurations: (i) hybrid hexa-octagonal PCF with a horizontal arrangement of air holes in the core, and (ii) hybrid hexa-octagonal PCF with a vertical arrangement of air holes in the core. Both configurations are examined by varying the pitch size, arrangement, and shape of air holes while maintaining identical design and operational features. Simulations are conducted using the full vector finite element method (FEM). Numerical results indicate that the confinement loss for vertically and horizontally arranged air holes is 1.098 × 10−5 dB km−1 and 1.0743 × 10−5 dB km−1, respectively. High birefringence values of 0.07366 and 0.00434, and chromatic dispersion values of −3404.665 ps nm−1 km and −3391.6705 ps nm−1 km, respectively, are obtained at an operating wavelength of 1.55 µm, making the fiber suitable for sensing and communication applications. The designed hexa-octagonal PCF has potential applications in the fiber optic sensing due to its assorted features.
Chirality induced spin selectivity in electron transport investigated by scanning probe microscopy
Authors: Wang Xueyan , Li Xin , He Yang , Xu Zhen , Pan Haoyang , Li Jie , Wang Yansong , Dong Wenjie , Chen Huamei , Shen Qian , Shen Ziyong , Hou Shimin , Wu Kai , Zhang Yajie , Wang Yongfeng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Chirality induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect implies the relationship between chirality and magnetism, attracting extensive attention in the fields of physics, chemistry and biology. Since it was first discovered with photoemission method in 1999, the CISS effect has been investigated and measured by a variety of methods. Among different means of measurements, scanning probe microscopy (SPM) as a powerful tool to explore the CISS effect, can directly measure and present the spin filtering property of chiral molecules in electron transport. In this paper, we summarize the recent experiments on the CISS effect studied with scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy, analyzing the experimental setups and results, and delving into the underlying mechanisms. The present review offers a concise introduction to several chiral molecules which are investigated by SPM for the CISS effect, and a detailed exploration of various experimental techniques tailored to the unique adsorption structures of these molecules. The impact of molecular structure on spin selectivity and the profound implications of CISS are also demonstrated together with a concise overview of CISS theory. A conclusive synopsis and forward-looking perspectives on the investigation of the CISS effect in electron transport utilizing SPM techniques are presented.
The application of neural networks driven by nonlinear model data in road roughness estimation
Authors: Sun Qihao , Yin Changcheng , Wang Baohua 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Road roughness significantly impacts vehicles’ transportation performance. The purpose of this study is to develop an innovative, cost-effective, and precise method for estimating road roughness based on acceleration sensors. Unlike other approaches, this method employs a nonlinear full-vehicle dynamic model and a high-performance Gaussian nonlinear autoregressive with external inputs (G-NARX) neural network to significantly enhance the accuracy, without additional costs. In this study, acceleration sensors would first capture unsprung mass acceleration signals, and the neural network is trained with acceleration and velocity inputs. Then, the trained model would generate the root mean square value of the power spectral density to estimate the road roughness. Test results reveal that the G-NARX Inputs neural network outperforms the NARX neural network significantly, with the classification accuracy improved by at least 26% and the overall accuracy exceeding 90%. In road tests, the nonlinear model used in this study showed a 20% accuracy improvement over linear models. And field experiments conducted on three common types of roads further validated the robustness and accuracy of this study’s estimation method.
An optimal frequency band selection approach via periodic shock indicator for bearing fault feature extraction
Authors: Sun Peng , Yang Lei , Xue Jiutao , Liao Yuhe 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
There are two challenges in the bearing fault feature extraction approach based on optimal frequency band (OFB) selection. The first is to design a high-precision signal decomposition algorithm to ensure that no fault information is lost; The second is to construct an indicator that is sensitive to the statistical characteristics of fault information. This paper proposed a novel OFB selection approach to solve the above challenges. Firstly, a parameter selection strategy is introduced for fixed bandwidth overlap-and-slip filter banks (FBOSFB). Adopting this strategy, the FBOSFB can decompose the signal into several narrowband signals while ensuring that no fault information is lost. Secondly, a novel indicator, namely periodic shock indicator (PSI), is constructed. The PSI has the capability to simultaneously assess both the periodic and shock characteristics of the bearing fault feature signal. Thirdly, the narrowband signals obtained from the first step are used as input to the OFB search algorithm, and then the OFB is determined by maximizing the PSI. Finally, three real bearing fault data are employed to verify the fault feature extraction performance of the proposed approach, the results show that the proposed approach can effectively extract the bearing fault feature.
Theoretical and experimental investigation of the differential planetary roller screw mechanism condition monitoring and public dataset
Authors: Du Xing , Tang Rui , Miao Jiacheng , Shan Xinping 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study introduces an innovative condition monitoring test rig for the differential planetary roller screws (DPRS), focusing on their performance in extreme conditions. In practical applications such as aerospace and humanoid robotics, DPRS operate under complex conditions involving varying temperatures and multi-directional loads. Accurately monitoring the operational state under these challenging environments is difficult, which can hinder the assessment of the system’s stability and reliability. This model was developed to address these challenges, it underscores the importance of anti-jamming and real-time monitoring for the DPRS reliability. The research presents a dynamic friction model using the Lagrange method, enhancing understanding of DPRS operations. Advanced signal processing techniques, including discrete wavelet transforms and a convolutional neural network, are implemented for effective feature extraction. A DWTC-BiGRU network is utilized to capture temporal dependencies, vital for monitoring DPRS under varying conditions. Experimental validation is conducted under thermal stress and load variations, demonstrating the system’s durability and reliability. The study compares its method with existing algorithms, showing superior accuracy and robustness by combining mechanical modeling with computational techniques for real-time industrial monitoring. The dataset is publicly available at GitHub—haomjc/HealthMoni.
Vital nodes identification method integrating degree centrality and cycle ratio
Authors: Zhao Yu , Yang Bo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Identifying vital nodes is one of the core issue of network science, and is crucial for epidemic prevention and control, network security maintenance, and biomedical research and development. In this paper, a new vital nodes identification method DC (Degree and Cycle ratio) is proposed by integrating degree centrality (weight α) and cycle ratio (weight 1−α). The results show that the dynamic observations (such as robustness, infection efficiency and immunization efficiency) and weight α are nonlinear (i.e., there exists an optimal value α
* for α), and DC performs better than single index in most networks. According to the value of α
*, networks are classified into degree-dominant networks (α
* &#62; 0.5) and cycle-dominant networks (α
* &#60; 0.5). Specifically, in most degree-dominant networks (such as Chengdu-BUS, Chongqing-BUS and Beijing-BUS), degree is dominant in the identification of vital nodes, but the identification effect can be improved by adding cycle structure information to nodes. In most cycle-dominant networks (such as Email, Wiki and Hamsterster), the cycle ratio is dominant in the identification of vital nodes, but the effect can be notably enhanced by additional node degree information. Finally, interestingly, in the LFR synthesis networks, cycle-dominant network was observed.
Motion of a rigid particle in the lid-driven cavity flow
Authors: Yang 杨 Fan 帆 , Yan 闫 Zhe 喆 , Wang 汪 Wencan 文灿 , Shi 施 Ren 任 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The motion of an elliptical rigid particle in a lid-driven cavity flow was numerically simulated using the immersed boundary lattice Boltzmann method (IB-LBM). The effects of the particle’s initial orientation angle, initial position, aspect ratio, and size on the motion characteristics were investigated. The computational results indicate that the particle’s motion undergoes two distinct stages: a starting stage that involves moving from the release position to a limit cycle, and a periodic stage that involves moving on the limit cycle. The initial orientation of the particle has a minimal impact on both stages of motion. In contrast, the time it takes for the particle to reach the limit cycle may vary depending on the release position. Furthermore, particles with a larger aspect ratio exhibit a greater maximum velocity magnitude; an increase in particle size causes the particle trajectory to contract more toward the center of the cavity, decreasing the centrifugal force experienced by the particle.