bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracellular matrix and cellular senescence in venous leg ulcers
Authors: Lim Debbie Xiu En , Richards Toby , Kanapathy Muholan , Sudhaharan Thankiah , Wright Graham Daniel , Phillips Anthony Ronald John , Becker David Laurence 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
High prevalence of non-healing chronic wounds contributes to a huge health burden across the world. Early treatment interventions for non-healing wounds are vital. It was previously shown that accumulation of 15% or more senescent cells in a chronic wound edge is an indicator that the wound is unlikely to heal. However, determining the presence of senescent cells would require invasive procedures such as tissue biopsies to be taken. In this study, we found a strong correlation between decreased collagen area and presence of senescent cells in human chronic wounds i.e venous leg ulcer (VLU), diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and pressure ulcer (PRU). We also reported that the lowest collagen levels were found in VLU patients less than 60 years of age, with a persistent wound of > 24 months. Elevated levels of senescent cells were also found in VLU of males. Second harmonic imaging of collagen at the edge of chronic wounds with a handheld multiphoton device could be used to predict the number of senescent cells, indicating if the wound is on a healing trajectory or not. Our data support the use of collagen imaging in cutaneous wound assessment for a faster and non-invasive method to predict cellular senescence and determining wound trajectory.
Optimal Transmit Antenna Selection using Hybrid Algorithm for Massive MIMO Technology
Authors: Singh Charanjeet , Raja P.C.Kishore 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
“Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (M-MIMO) systems specifically refers to a practical technique for sending and receiving more than one data signal simultaneously over the same radio channel by exploiting multipath propagation”. It depends on several antennas for transferring varied data streams simultaneously. With the increase in count of antennas, the energy or power utilization also gets increased. Thus, it becomes necessary to select optimal transmit antennas that exist as the great challenge in M-MIMO systems. This work introduces a new “Hybrid Sea Lion-Whale Algorithm (HS-WA)” for selecting the optimal transmit antenna by considering the multi-objectives, which increases both capacity and efficiency. The adopted scheme is the combination of both “Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) and Sea Lion Optimization Algorithm (SLnO)” that optimizes the antenna’s count and moreover, it finds out “which antenna to be selected”. At last, the supremacy of presented model is confirmed over existing models in terms EE and capacity analysis.
Cognitive Capacity Genome-wide Polygenic Scores Identify Individuals Resilient to Cognitive Decline in Aging
Authors: Joo Yoonjung , Cha Jiook , Freese Jeremy , Hayes M Geoffrey 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The genetic underpinnings of cognitive resilience in aging remains unknown. Predicting an individual’s rate of cognitive decline—or cognitive resilience—using genetics will allow personalized intervention for cognitive enhancement and optimal selection of target samples in clinical trials. Here, using genome-wide polygenic scores(GPS) of cognitive capacity as the genomic indicators for variations of human intelligence, we examined the genetic liability of cognitive abilities in the behavioral/cognitive phenome to understand individual phenotypic differences over time. We analyzed the 18-year records of the cross-sectional and longitudinal sociogenomic data of 8,511 European-ancestry adults from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS), especially focusing on the cognitive assessments that were repeatedly administered to the participants at their average ages of 64.5 and 71.5. Our linear mixed-effects model identified a significant interaction effect between age and cognitive capacity GPS, which indicates that a higher cognitive capacity GPS significantly correlates with a slower cognitive decline in the domain of immediate memory recall (p-value = 1.79E-03, β = 1.86E-01). Also, the phenome-wide analysis identified several significant associations of cognitive capacity GPSs on the cognitive and behavioral phenome, such as Similarities task (p-value = 3.59E-74, β = 1.36, 95% CI=(1.22, 1.51)), Number Series task(p-value = 2.55E-78, β = 0.94, 95% CI=(0.85, 1.04)), IQ scores(p-value = 7.74E-179, β = 1.42, 95% CI=(1.32, 1.51)), high school class rank (p-value = 3.07E-101, β = 1.86, 95% CI=(1.69, 2.02), Openness from the BIG 5 personality factor(p-value = 2.19E-14, β = 0.57, 95% CI=(0.42, 0.71)), and social participation of reading books (p-value = 2.03E-21, β = 0.50, 95% CI=(0.40, 0.60)), attending cultural events, such as concerts, plays or museums (p-value = 2.06E-23, β = 0.60, 95% CI=(0.49, 0.72)), and watching TV (p-value = 4.16E-18, β=-0.48, 95% CI=(-0.59, -0.37)). As the first phenome-wide analysis of cognitive and behavioral phenotypes, this study presents the novel genetic protective effects of cognitive ability on the decline of memory recall in an aging population.
Gut microbiome modulates cytokine release syndrome and therapeutic response to CAR-T therapy in hematologic malignancies
Authors: Huang He , Hu Yongxian , Li Jingjing , Ni Fang , Yang Zhongli , Gui Xiaohua , Bao Zhiwei , Zhao Houli , Wei Guoqing , Wang Yiyun , Zhang Mingming , Hong Ruimin , Wang Linqin , Wu Wenjun , Mohty Mohamad , Nagler Arnon , Chang Alex , Brink Marcel van den , Li Ming D. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic treatment for hematologic malignancies. By comparing the diversity and composition of the gut microbiome during different stages of CAR-T therapy, significant changes were detected, not only in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM; n = 43), but also in those with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL; n = 23) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL; n = 12). Analysis of treatment responses revealed significant temporal differences in diversity and abundance of Bifidobacterium, Prevotella, Sutterella, and Collinsella between MM patients in complete remission (n = 24) and those in partial remission (n = 11). Furthermore, we found that patients with severe cytokine release syndrome (CRS) exhibited higher abundance of Bifidobacterium, Leuconostoc, Stenotrophomonas, and Staphylococcus. This study has important implications for understanding the biological role of the microbiome in the CAR-T treatment of patients with hematologic malignancies (ChiCTR1800017404).
Nanobody-based CTLA4 inhibitors for immune checkpoint blockade therapy of canine cancer patients
Authors: Marable Jonathan , Ruiz Damien , Jaiswal Anil K. , Bhattacharya Ritankar , Pantazes Robert , Agarwal Payal , Surywanshi Amol S. , Bedi Deepa , Mishra Amarajit , Smith Bruce F. , Sandey Maninder 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background Cancer is the leading cause of death in the geriatric dog population. Currently, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as anti-CTLA4 antibodies has markedly improved the prognosis of several cancers in their advanced stages. However, ICIs targeting CTLA4 blockade to treat canine cancer patients are yet to define. In this study, we sought to develop, characterize and assess whether chimeric heavy chain only antibodies (cHcAbs) against CTLA4 are viable therapeutic candidates for the treatment of canine cancers.Methods Anti-CTLA4 nanobodies (Nbs) were identified from a yeast nanobody (Nb) library using magnetic-assisted cell sorting (MACS) and flow cytometry. cHcAbs were engineered by genetically fusing the DNA sequences coding for anti-CTLA4 Nbs with the Fc domain of the subclass B of canine IgG. Recombinant cHcAbs were purified from ExpiCHO-S cells. Stable cell lines expressing canine CTLA4 and FcγRI were used to elucidate the binding ability and specificity of cHcAbs. PBMCs isolated from healthy dogs were used to evaluate the ability of cHcAbs to activate canine PBMCs.Results Novel Nbs were identified using the extracellular domain of canine CTLA4 protein to screen a fully synthetic yeast nanobody library. Purified Nbs bind specifically to natïve canine CTLA4. We report that chimeric HcAbs, which were engineered by fusing the anti-CTLA4 Nbs and Fc region of subclass B of canine IgG, were half the size of a conventional mAb and formed dimers. The chimeric HcAbs specifically binds both with canine CTLA4 and FcƳ receptors. As the binding of Nbs overlapped with the MYPPPY motif of canine CTLA4, these Nbs were expected to sterically disrupt the interaction of canine CTLA4 to B-7s. Like their human counterpart, canine CTLA4 was expressed on helper T cells and a small subset of cytotoxic T cells. Canine Tregs also constitutively expressed CTLA4, and stimulation with PMA/Ionomycin dramatically increased expression of CTLA4 on the cell surface. Stimulation of canine PBMCs in the presence of agonistic anti-CD3 Ab and cHcAb6 significantly increased the expression of IFN-γ as compared to the isotype control.Conclusions This study identifies a novel nanobody-based CTLA4 inhibitor for the treatment of canine cancer patients. Furthermore, this approach provides a critical proof-of-concept for developing nanobody-based humanized anti-CTLA4 therapy for advanced stages of cancers.
Scoliosis in Children: Impact of Goal Directed Therapies on Intra-operative and Postoperative Outcomes
Authors: Kumba Claudine 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Scoliosis is among interventions with high postoperative complication rates due to the characteristics of the surgery, where blood loss, transfusion and fluid requirements can be increased.A monocentric retrospective observational study was undertaken earlier to determine predictors of intraoperative and postoperative outcomes in surgical patients. In this initial cohort, there were patients who underwent scoliosis surgery, and a secondary analysis to describe outcomes in these patients was realized and is presented here.Objective: To describe intraoperative and postoperative outcomes in patients under 18 years old in scoliosis surgery included in the initial study and to propose improvement implementation measures.Methods: Secondary analysis of patients undergoing scoliosis surgery. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee.Results: There were 116 patients with a mean age of 147.5 ± 40.2 months. Twenty-eight patients (24.1%) presented intraoperative and/or postoperative complications. The most common intraoperative complication was hemorrhagic shock in 3 patients (2.6%). The most common postoperative organ failure was neurologic in seven patients (6%), respiratory in 3 patients (2.6%), cardio-circulatory in 2 patients (1.7%) and renal failure in one patient (0.9%).The most common postoperative infection was surgical wound sepsis in 8 patients (6.9%), urinary sepsis in three patients (2.6%), and abdominal sepsis and septicemia in two patients (1.7%).twelve patients (10.3%) had reoperations.Fifty-six patients (48.3%) had intraoperative transfusion.There was no in-hospital mortality.Conclusion: Integrating goal-directed therapies in this surgical setting could improve postoperative outcomes.
Removal of hydrogen sulfide gas using coal fly ash – blast furnace cement composite
Authors: Asaoka Satoshi , Saito Hiroyuki , Ichinari Tsuyoshi , Hayakawa Shinjiro , Oikawa Takahito 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The number of complaints regarding offensive odors from service industries, such as restaurants and garages, has recently increased. In this study, we aimed to develop an adsorbent for hydrogen sulfide gas derived from domestic wastewater and reveal the mechanisms of its removal. The adsorbent used for hydrogen sulfide gas removal was prepared by mixing coal fly ash and blast furnace cement with a mixing ratio of 87:13 by mass percentage. The optimum calcination temperature of the adsorbent was 700 °C to achieve a high removal performance for both dry and humid hydrogen sulfide gas. The X-ray absorption fine structure analysis revealed that hydrogen sulfide was removed on the adsorbent by oxidizing to sulfate. A pilot-scale experiment was conducted to evaluate the removal performance of hydrogen sulfide gas derived from domestic wastewater using the developed adsorbent. For a week, the average removal percentage of hydrogen sulfide gas derived from domestic wastewater remained at 99.1%. Therefore, the developed adsorbent for hydrogen sulfide gas is promising and cost-effective for promoting the recycling of coal fly ash.
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater is influenced by sampling time, concentration method, and target analyzed
Authors: Pino Nancy J. , Rodriguez Diana C. , Cano Laura Castrillón , Rodriguez Alejandra 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe detection of SARS-CoV in wastewater has been proposed as a tool for monitoring COVID-19 at the community level. Although many reports have been published about detecting viral RNA in wastewater and its presence has been linked to infected people, appropriate analytical methodologies to use this approach have not yet been established. In this study, we compared ultrafiltration, polyethylene glycol precipitation, flocculation using AlCl3, and flocculation with skim milk for the recovery of SARS-CoV-2, using RNA from patients with positive diagnoses for COVID-19 and Pseudomonas phage φ6 as the control. We also evaluated the primers for detecting the E, RdRp, and N genes of the virus, as well as different storage times. Differences in the recovery efficiencies were evident with the different concentration methods, the best being ultrafiltration and precipitation with aluminum, which had recovery rates of 42.0% and 30.0%, respectively, when virus was present at high levels. Significant differences were found between the recoveries using wastewater and deionized water and between different storage times, with better recoveries for 6 and 12 h samplings. The E gene was the only one detected in all the samples analyzed. The results show that although this approach can provide important data for studying the pandemic, clear protocols are necessary for investigations to be comparable.HIGHTLIGHTSRNA of SARS-CoV-2 was used to evaluate the recovery of different methods in wastewater. The utility of phage φ6 of Pseudomonas as a control for evaluation of recovery methods of SARS-CoV-2 from wastewater was demonstrated. Differences due to the target selected for the detection of SARS were demonstrated. The results show that it is possible to detect SARS RNA in wastewater, however its epidemiological usefulness will depend on the correct validation of the technique used for detection.
Antibiotic resistance in a predominantly occurring Gram-negative bacterial community from treated sewage to assess the need for going beyond coliform standards
Authors: Shekhawat Sandeep Singh , Kulshreshtha Niha Mohan , Mishra Rinki , Arora Sudipti , Vivekanand Vivekanand , Gupta Akhilendra Bhushan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Antibiotic resistance surveillance is an objective of global action plan on antimicrobial resistance endorsed by the World Health Organization. The current study reports the identification of frequently occurring Gram-negative bacterial community (GNBC) previously isolated from municipal treated wastewater and their antibiotic resistance profiles. Further, the genes responsible for extended-spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) activity were identified in ESBL-positive organisms. The isolates were characterized using biochemical assays and identification was confirmed by VITEK®2 automated system. Antibiotic susceptibility testing against seven different classes of antibiotics was also performed on the same system using AST-N280 cards. The most dominant isolates identified were Acinetobacter baumannii, Morganella morganii, Kluyvera intermedia, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae and Citrobacter freundii. The isolates were observed to be significantly resistant against the antibiotics amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefuroxime, cefuroxime axetil and colistin. Two of the isolates, E. cloacae sp. dissolvens and S. maltophilia, were found to be positive for ESBL activity encoded by blaCTX-M gene. The possible intrusion of hospital wastewater in domestic sewage is also discussed. This study may help assess the risk of wastewater reuse by detecting dominant bacteria as a step towards the development of new microbiological standards.
Water quality assessment and pollution source analysis of Yaojiang River Basin: a case study of inland rivers in Yuyao City, China
Authors: Ouyang Long-Ling , Shi Yun-Rong , Yang Jie-Qing , Mao Shu-Jie , Yuan Qi , Wang Yun-Long 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
To fully understand the water quality status of the Yuyao section in the Yaojiang River Basin, we utilized the single factor and comprehensive water quality identification index methods, as well as factor analysis in this study. The single factor water quality assessment results showed that the common parameters exceeding the standard in both the wet and dry seasons included dissolved oxygen and total nitrogen, which were inferior to the target water quality grade III by 1–6 grades. The comprehensive water quality order reaching the target grade III was Hutang River (87.5%), Changling River (50.0%), Yaojiang River (43.8%), and Linzhou River (37.5%). The comprehensive water quality in the dry season (90.0% standard-achieving rate) was better than that in the wet season (25.0% standard-achieving rate). These results suggested that the surface runoff might considerably impact water quality. The factor analysis results showed that the basin surveyed in 2018 was mainly polluted by urban sewage and agricultural sources, while the primary pollution source in 2019 was agricultural pollution. Integrated with comprehensive water quality assessment results, in this study, we demonstrated that the series of water treatment projects carried out in Yuyao City positively impacted municipal sewage treatment.
Water consumption practices in university campuses. The experience of the National Autonomous University of Mexico
Authors: Arriaga-Medina J. A. , Piedra-Miranda A. G. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Water Network of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (Red del Agua UNAM) and the Program for the Management, Use, and Reuse of Water in UNAM (PUMAGUA) carried out a survey with the aim of knowing the water consumption practices of the university community in its campuses located in the Metropolitan Area of the Valley of Mexico. A sample of 2,095 students, academics, administrative and support staff participated in this survey. The results show that 74% of the sample consume bottled water and that their average spending is between 0.50 and 1 dollar per day (11 to 20 Mexican pesos). The rates of bottled water consumption contrasts with the perception about water quality, since only 13% consider water quality distributed in the water fountains located within university campuses as ‘poor’ or ‘very poor’. The rates of bottled water consumption among university community are similar to the ones reported by studies in Mexico City and in Mexico as a whole, even though UNAM has a Water Observatory that allows people to know in real time water quantity and quality in university campuses.
Amberlite IRC-718 ion chelating resin extraction of hazardous metal Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions: equilibrium and theoretical modeling
Authors: Addala Abdelhamid , Boudiaf Moussa , Elektorowicz Maria , Bentouhami Embarek , Bengeurba Yacine 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Under varied conditions, the IRC 718 ion-exchange resin is used to extract chromium (VI) ions from aqueous solutions. On chromium (VI) removal effectiveness, the effects of adsorption dosage, contact time, beginning metal concentration, and pH were examined. The batch ion exchange process reached equilibrium after around 90 minutes of interaction. With an initial chromium (VI) concentration of 0.5 mg/dm3, the pH-dependent ion-exchange mechanism revealed maximal removal in the pH 2.0–10 range. The adsorption mechanism occurs between Cr (VI) determined as the electron acceptor, and IRC 718 determined as the electron donor. The equilibrium ion-exchange potential and ion transfer quantities for Amberlite IRC 718 were calculated using the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The overall ion exchange capacity of the resin was determined to be 187.72 mg of chromium (VI)/g of resin at an ideal pH of 6.0.
Slow-burning instabilities of Dufort-Frankel finite differencing
Authors: Galloway David , Ivers David J 
Published: July 2021

DuFort–Frankel averaging is a tactic to stabilize Richardson’s unstable three-level leapfrog timestepping scheme. By including the next time level in the right-hand-side evaluation, it is implicit, but it can be rearranged to give an explicit updating formula, thus apparently giving the best of both worlds. Textbooks prove unconditional stability for the heat equation, and extensive use on a variety of advection–diffusion equations has produced many useful results. Nonetheless, for some problems the scheme can fail in an interesting and surprising way, leading to instability at very long times. An analysis for a simple problem involving a pair of evolution equations that describe the spread of a rabies epidemic gives insight into how this occurs. An even simpler modified diffusion equation suffers from the same instability. Finally, the rabies problem is revisited and a stable method is found for a restricted range of parameter values, although no prescriptive recipe is known which selects this particular choice.

doi:10.1017/S1446181121000043