bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the impact of different dietary patterns and nutritional deficiencies on oral health and disease progression
Authors: Singh Jyotsna , Shivam Animesh Kr 
Published: December 2024

Objective::
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of various dietary patterns and nutritional deficiencies on oral health and the progression of oral diseases.

Materials and Methods::
A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample size of 800 participants aged 18–65 years, recruited from urban and rural healthcare centers. Data were collected through questionnaires and clinical oral examinations. The participants were categorized into groups based on their dietary patterns (vegetarian, vegan, omnivorous, and high-sugar diets) and assessed for oral health indicators including caries, periodontal disease, and oral mucosal lesions. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and logistic regression models.

Results::
The study found significant differences in oral health status among different dietary groups. Participants following a high-sugar diet had the highest incidence of dental caries (P < 0.01), while vegetarians showed a lower prevalence of periodontal disease (P < 0.05). Nutritional deficiencies, particularly in Vitamins D and B12, were associated with increased oral mucosal lesions (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis confirmed that dietary patterns and nutritional deficiencies are significant predictors of oral disease progression (odds ratio = 1.75, 95% confidence interval = 1.25–2.45).

Conclusion::
Different dietary patterns and nutritional deficiencies have significant impacts on oral health and disease progression. These findings highlight the need for tailored dietary recommendations and nutritional interventions to improve oral health outcomes.
Hyperglycaemia after dolutegravir-based antiretroviral treatment in people living with human immunodeficiency virus: A case series
Authors: Sagadevan Keerthana , Devi Pilla S. Surya Durga , Swaroopa Katikatala , Sreenivas P. Sathish , Rao R. Srinivasa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy involves a combination of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) medicines recommended for everyone who has HIV which helps them to live longer, and healthier, and reduces the risk of HIV transmission. Dolutegravir (DTG)-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) is preferred as the first-line regimen. A recently significant number of DTG-induced hyperglycaemia cases are being reported to our adverse drug reaction monitoring centre. Here, we report on five of them from March 2022 to July 2022. All five patients who were living with HIV either started or switched to ART with a tenofovir, lamivudine and DTG (TLD) regimen based on the latest guidelines for HIV treatment by the National Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Control Organization (NACO). On routine checkups, the patients were found to have raised blood sugar levels; amongst them, some patients had symptoms of diabetes. All such patients were referred to the Medicine Outpatient Department, diagnosed to have type 2 diabetes mellitus and started on appropriate treatment. The TLD regimen was continued. This was categorised as per the World Health Organization (WHO) Causality Assessment Scale as “possible” category. These cases were reported to AMC and uploaded to VigiFlow. Whenever a patient has been started on a DTG-based ART regimen, the treating physician should counsel the patient about warning signs of hyperglycaemia, recommended to do periodic screening of blood sugar levels which helps in the early diagnosis and treatment of such cases.
A case of familial systemic sclerosis
Authors: Jha Shreeja , Khan Mohammed Fahad , Ravindra Aditi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We present the case of a 27-year-old male who was examined and found to have bilateral sensory axonal neuropathy, proximal muscle weakness and limb abnormality. Antibodies against ribonucleic acid polymerase and anti-Scl-70 were found during his serological examination. According to our patient, his mother and his maternal grandfather both had the same symptoms. He was a second-degree consanguineous child of a married couple. Six of the nine siblings of the mother and nine of the 11 siblings of the grandfather expressed similar symptoms. Given the strong family history, full exome sequencing carried out using the next-generation sequencing method showed an interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) IRF5 rs2004640 GT substitution. The case intends to draw attention to the genetic and familial basis of systemic sclerosis.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as an adjunct for effective integration of dermal substitute with skin grafting in a single-staged procedure
Authors: Korambayil Pradeoth Mukundan , Varkey Prashanth Ambookan , Babu Edwina Mary , Dilliraj Vinoth Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Dermal substitutes are crucial in soft-tissue reconstruction, minimising donor-site morbidity. However, conventional protocols often involve multi-staged procedures. This case series explores the effectiveness of integrating dermal substitutes with skin grafting in a one-stage process for soft-tissue coverage, supplemented by hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy. The study, conducted in the plastic surgery and burns department from June 2022 to December 2022, included 10 patients with soft-tissue defects. All underwent single-stage dermal substitute and skin grafting, accompanied by HBO therapy for soft-tissue reconstruction. Among the 10 patients, seven had soft-tissue defects in the leg region, comprising three with chronic ulcers, three with post-traumatic leg defects and one with a chronic ulcer due to peripheral vascular disease. Two patients had post-burn contracture release and reconstruction, while one presented with a soft-tissue defect following sternal wound dehiscence post-irradiation. All wounds healed successfully without complications, and all patients received six sessions of HBO therapy. The incorporation of HBO therapy as an adjunct proved beneficial in achieving successful single-stage reconstruction of soft-tissue defects using dermal substitutes and skin grafting.
Congenital sideroblastic anaemia
Authors: Velchuri Kavya Sree , Shetty Mallikarjuna , Prasad Adiraju Krishna , Pentakota Purna Surya Kiran 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A 24-year-old male born out of a consanguineous marriage presented with a long-standing history of microcytic anaemia. He was treated elsewhere for the same with haematinics and packed red cell transfusions and had not shown improvement. Mild pallor and splenomegaly were noted on examination. After excluding other causes of microcytic anaemias bone marrow study was done. It revealed megaloblastoid erythropoiesis and ring sideroblasts. Genetic analysis showed a known homozygotic mutation in the solute carrier family 25 member 38 (SLC25A38) gene that causes autosomal recessive sideroblastic anaemia (SBA).
Persistent bifrontal rhinogenic contact headache
Authors: Swain Santosh Kumar , Dubey Debasmita 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Headache and facial pain may occur by the pressure of two opposing mucosal linings of the nasal cavity even in the absence of inflammatory disease. Anatomical variations such as deviated nasal septum (DNS), spur, concha bullosa, hypertrophied inferior turbinate, medialised middle turbinate and septal bullosa are important causes for contact headaches. DNS and spur are commonly found anatomical variations that result in rhinogenic contact headaches. However, S-shaped DNS causing persistent bifrontal headaches is rarely found in clinical practice. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy and computed tomography scans are important tools for the diagnosis of anatomical variations in the nasal cavity causing contact point headaches. Endoscopic resection of the contact point in the nasal cavity is the treatment of choice. We report the case of a 35-year-old woman presenting with a persisting bifrontal headache due to S-shaped DNS contacting with nasal mucosa. This unusual anatomical abnormality was treated by endoscopically assisted resection of the bilateral contact point and the patient was relieved from bifrontal headache.
Potential of phosphatase and tensin gene polymorphisms as salivary biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Narang Bindiya R. , Deshmukh Revati S. , Palaskar Sangeeta J. , Bartake Anirudha , Patil Swati , Nitin Priyanka 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:

PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue) is a tumour suppressor gene which is well known for its negative regulation on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway, thereby controlling the cellular growth and proliferation in the process of carcinogenesis. In the present study, the frequency of the genotypes of the PTEN gene, (rs2943773, rs1234224, rs9651495, rs3827678, and rs11202600) has been observed in individuals with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR).

Methodology:
Saliva samples were collected from healthy individuals and individuals with OSCC. DNA extraction was done, followed by PCR using fluidigmn technique to observe the frequency of the genotypes.

Results:
Variation was observed in the distribution of frequencies of the alleles (rs9651495 and rs1234224) of the PTEN gene between the healthy individual and those with occurrence of OSCC. The other genotypes did not show any statistically significant difference in the distribution between the study group and the control group, nor any association was observed with OSCC.

Conclusion:
The variation in the frequency of rs9651495 and rs1234224 of the PTEN gene suggests an association between the “PTEN” gene and “OSCC” and hence its use in the panel of diagnostic markers. This also opens the field for future research in the therapeutic applications of the PTEN gene.
Pleomorphic adenoma with extensive squamous metaplasia and keratinizing cysts: Diagnostic and clinical pitfalls – A report of two cases and review of literature
Authors: Hosur Mahadevi B. , Puranik Rudrayya S. , Dandagi Satyajit G. , Patil Vivekanand M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumour of major or minor salivary glands. Histological diversity is the hallmark of pleomorphic adenoma. Extensive squamous metaplasia with keratin-filled cysts is rarely reported. Here we present two cases of pleomorphic adenoma with exuberant squamous metaplasia and keratin filled cysts formation in a minor salivary gland and discuss its potential diagnostic pitfalls.
Spindle cell variant of ameloblastic carcinoma: A diagnostic challenge
Authors: Kamat Mamata S. , Datar Uma V. , Byakodi Sanjay S. , Basannavar Amit A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
An 18-year-old male presented with a 3-week history of progressively enlarging nodular growth in the posterior right mandibular region. The patient denied the use of tobacco in any form or history of trauma, and his family history was unremarkable. Clinical examination revealed a 2 × 3 cm reddish-pink, firm lesion with palpable submandibular lymph nodes. Radiological imaging showed a well-defined radiolucency distal to tooth #47. An incisional biopsy revealed the proliferation of spindle cells and ameloblastomatous epithelium showing features like pleomorphism, cellular crowding, and mitotic figures. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed odontogenic origin. Based on the above findings, the diagnosis of the spindle cell variant of ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) was rendered. AC, constituting less than 2% of odontogenic tumours, and the spindle cell variant, a rare subtype with fewer than 15 reported cases, pose diagnostic challenges, necessitating careful histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.
Osteochondroma of the anterior mandible: A rare case report and review of the literature
Authors: Palve Devendra H. , Dhobley Akshay A. , Ghatage Dipak D. , Kendre Ashwini G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Osteochondroma (OC) is the most common benign tumour of the axial skeleton which often occurs from the metaphysis of the long bones but rarely occurs in the craniofacial region (<1% of cases). Literature shows that cases occur more in the mandibular condylar region. To date, only six cases of this incredibly rare OC in the mandibular front region have been documented in the last 30 years. In addition to reviewing the literature on OCs of the mandibular front region, this case report describes a case of OC involving the mandibular symphysis and left para-symphysis in a 67-year-old male patient. Histopathological examination revealed chondroid and osteoid tissue with sparse fibrous tissue patches and columns of chondrocytes with single tiny nuclei within the cartilaginous cap, and all these features were strongly suggestive of OC diagnosis.
A comprehensive analysis of odontogenic tumors according to recent WHO (2022) classification: An institution-based retrospective study
Authors: Asnani Piyush , Ali Shireen , Odedra Sima , Pillai Jayasankar , Jayasheel Namrata , Jadeja Ranjit 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Odontogenic tumors constitute a rare group of lesions with diverse characteristics originating from tooth-forming tissues, primarily within the maxillofacial region. Variations in incidence across populations in India and with changes incorporated in successive World Health Organization (WHO) classifications, necessitate continued research to understand their epidemiology.

Objective:
This retrospective study aims to provide an extensive analysis of Odontogenic tumors reported in a dental institute in Gujarat, India, using the 5th edition of the WHO classification. The study also seeks to compare the findings with data from other regions.

Methods:
A retrospective analysis was conducted on archived histopathological records from the Oral Pathology department of our institute, spanning from 1966 to 2023. This analysis focused on demographic details, tumor types, and their distribution. The data were reclassified according to the WHO 5th edition and subjected to descriptive statistical analysis.

Results:
Among 10,907 biopsies, 501 cases (4.6%) were diagnosed as Odontogenic tumors, with 97.6% being benign. Benign epithelial tumors, predominantly Ameloblastoma (68.9%) was most common. Supporting their rare occurrence malignant cases included Ameloblastic carcinoma (2.2%) and Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma (0.2%). An overall male predominance (51.7%) was noted, with female dominance in Adenomatoid Odontogenic tumor (60%), Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma (62.5%), Odontogenic fibroma (91%), and Odontogenic Myxoma (66.7%). Most cases occurred in the third decade (27.1%), with a notable mandibular predominance (78%).

Conclusion:
The findings contribute to the understanding of Odontogenic tumors epidemiology, emphasizing the importance of further regional studies and adapting to evolving classifications for accurate assessments and cross-population comparisons.
Construction of a potentially functional long noncoding RNA-microRNA-mRNA network in diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Cao Qiwen , Dong Zhihui , Xi Yangbo , Zhong Jiana , Huang Jianzhong , Yang Qunfeng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a severe complication among patients with Type 2 diabetes, significantly increasing heart failure risk and mortality. Despite various implicated mechanisms, effective DCM treatments remain elusive. This study aimed to construct a comprehensive competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in DCM using bioinformatics analysis.

Materials and Methods:
Three expression profiles datasets (GSE161827, GSE161931, and GSE241166) were collected from gene expression omnibus database and then integrated for the identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome pathway analysis, and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were employed for functional analysis. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and hub genes were also identified. The ceRNA regulatory networks were constructed based on interaction between long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and DEGs, microRNA (miRNA) and DEGs, as predicted by public available databases.

Results:
A total of 105 DEGs, including 44 upregulated and 61 downregulated genes were identified to be associated with DCM. Functional enrichment analysis showed that fatty acid metabolism pathway and inflammatory responses were significantly enriched in DCM. A total of 56 interactions between miRNA with DEGs, and 27 interactions between lncRNA with miRNA was predicted. Besides, a ceRNA network includes 9 mRNA, 17 miRNA and 10 lncRNA was constructed, among which Cdh20 and Cacna2d2 were hub genes in PPI network.

Conclusion:
The identified hub genes and ceRNA network components provide valuable insights into DCM biology and offer potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for further investigation. Further experimental validation and clinical studies are warranted to translate these findings into clinical applications.
Association of Hypertension and Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Cross-Sectional Study from a Rural Tertiary Care Setting
Authors: Boppana Sri Harsha , Patel Darshak K. , Shaik Afsana Ansari , Pradeep Arun Gajan , Chitturi Raja Hamsa , Chaitanya P. Siva , Kutikuppala L. V. Simhachalam , Gopu Anthony Reddy , Mamidi Shanteja Reddy , Chintala Jyothi Swaroop , Venkata Kalyani Ponnaganti Sai 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Hypertension is a substantial health problem associated with several health disorders. In our lookup considering the age group of 45–65, with a significant male predominance, hypertension has been found to be a cause for hearing loss. We observed the upward jab of hearing threshold, particularly at higher frequencies, increased risk with Grade 3 hypertension compared to grade 2 and grade 1 hypertension.

Materials and Methods:
Two hundred cases and 200 controls, each gender, aged 45–64, have been covered in the study after sample estimate. Blood pressure measurements have been used to verify hypertension, or no hypertension, primarily based on the results. Pure tone audiometry was performed at numerous frequencies ranging from 250 to 8000 Hz. to test hearing.

Results:
There is a connection between excessive blood pressure and an increase in the hearing threshold. Hearing loss in the lookup populace exhibits that hypertension is an accelerated component in hearing apparatus deterioration associated with age.

Conclusion:
In this study, the affiliation between accelerated hearing threshold and hypertension was discovered, offering heart specialists, urologists, audiologists, ENT specialists and different health specialists to collaborate on hypertension related changes.
Recurrent encapsulation after Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in a patient with Schwartz–Matsuo syndrome
Authors: Viana Ana Rita , Bastos Ricardo , Vale Carolina , Tenedório Paula 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Glaucoma drainage devices (GDDs) are an important tool for the treatment of complicated/refractory glaucoma cases. Excessive capsular fibrosis is a frequent cause of long-term failure of Ahmed® glaucoma valve (AGV) that is difficult to manage and often requires additional surgical interventions. We describe a severe case of recurrent encapsulation and restrictive strabismus following AGV implantation in a young man with Schwartz–Matsuo syndrome. The patient underwent a first surgical revision that consisted of the excision of the fibrous capsule. However, a second intervention was soon needed, in which the fibrous capsule and the AGV were removed, and an Ahmed ClearPath® was implanted in the nasal-inferior quadrant. The ocular movements were successfully restored and the intraocular pressure was well controlled. GDDs can fail due to excessive wound healing and fibrosis around the plate. Severe cases occur more often in young patients. Ahmed ClearPath® can be a good option for eyes more prone to complications.
Cervicofacial Necrotizing Fasciitis in Children: Analysis of 17 Cases Seen and Managed in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility, Northwestern Nigeria
Authors: Braimah Ramat Oyebunmi , Bala Mujtaba , Taiwo Abdurrazaq Olanrewaju , Alani Yekini Lateef , Fawa Abubakar Sadeeq , Ugochukwu Ndubuizu Godwin , Tsafe Anas Bawa , Yabo Sufiyanu Umar , Kaura Abubakar Mohammad , Hassan Fahad Yahaya 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
Cervico-facial necrotizing fasciitis (CNF) in children is a relatively rare fatal bacterial infection characterized by rapid progressive necrosis of the skin, subcutaneous tissues, fascia, and muscles of the cervical and facial region. This study aimed to present the pattern of clinical presentation and management of CNF in children.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study was conducted over 6 months period. Details about case history, examination, management, and outcomes were recorded in the pre-designed proforma. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests.

Results:
Case notes of 17 children were analyzed (70.6% males) with a mean (standard deviation) age of 3.94 (3.31) years (age range, 1–10 years). A surge in cases (n = 6, 35.29%) was observed in May. Only 1 (5.9%) patient presented with a history of peritonsillar abscess, while no patient presented with a history of toothache. The majority of the patients (n = 11, 64.7%) had hemoglobin levels of >10 g/dL. Only 2 (11.8%) had deranged serum total protein and albumin. No patient was positive for human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis. Electrolytes derangement was seen in 11 (64.7%) patients. The record of pus culture and sensitivity was not available in 9 (52.9%) cases. Where the records were available, no growth was seen in 6 (35.3%) cases. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 2 (11.8%) cases. All patients received antibiotics and supportive care and improved.

Conclusion:
Pediatric CNF is not common and is usually nonodontogenic in origin. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment provide prompt resolution with a favorable prognosis.
Transport of Neonates in a Resource-poor Setting: A Cross-sectional Study of Clinicodemographic Profile and Outcomes
Authors: Lall Parthasarathy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
The transfer of neonates by various means and support systems plays a critical role in affecting mortality and morbidity. Neonatal transport is the weak unaddressed link contributing to mortality and morbidity of neonates. In this study, we tried to find out the profile and outcome of neonates transported to our center for further care.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to December 2021 in the neonatal intensive care unit of a private hospital in Western Odisha. The doctors and nursing officers were trained in using the S—sensorium, T—temperature, O—oxygenation, P—perfusion, and S—sugar (STOPS) tool. These findings were recorded in a predetermined Performa along with details of transport and logistics.

Results:
A total of 151 neonates (male = 100) were included during the study period. Around 50% travelled <5 km, and 21% traveled >50 km. Ambulance was used in 71% of cases, and the rest traveled by private vehicles. In >76% of cases, only relatives accompanied the neonates. In 30% of cases, telephonic information was received from the referring hospital, and 39% of cases were transported without oxygen. Around 28% of cases were brought with intravenous fluids and only 3% of cases with transport incubators. It was observed that immediate morbidity, assessed as deranged physiological status (STOPS) was affected by the logistics of transport.

Conclusion:
This study highlights the difficulties and drawbacks faced in our setup in transporting a sick neonate to higher centers for further care, which is their only hope for survival. A properly organized specialized neonatal transport service covering all logistics is an absolute necessity if we are to bring down the high neonatal mortality rate in Odisha.