bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust proportional hazard‐based monitoring schemes for reliability data
Authors: Nabeel Moezza , Ali Sajid , Shah Ismail 
Published: May 2021

AbstractReliability of products is a key factor for successful businesses. In general, the existing monitoring schemes have poor performance as reliability data are often censored. Also, the products are manufactured in multistage processes where the outgoing quality gets affected by the previous stage quality. Besides this cascade property, historical data with outliers make the analysis even more complicated. This paper discusses exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) and cumulative sum (CUSUM) control charts for monitoring a two‐stage dependent process. In particular, the proportional hazard (PH) model is assumed for modeling the relationship of quality characteristics. Furthermore, to remove the detrimental effects of outliers on the results, robust regression method known as the M‐estimation is used. Besides a real case study, the performance of the proposed monitoring approach is assessed through a comprehensive simulation study. The results suggested that the EWMA chart outperforms the CUSUM chart.
Event‐triggered prescribed performance adaptive fuzzy asymptotic tracking of nonstrict‐feedback nonlinear systems
Authors: Hu Xiaoyan , Li Yuan‐Xin , Hou Zhongsheng , Niu Ben 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper considers the performance‐guaranteed event‐triggered adaptive asymptotic tracking control problem for nonstrict feedback nonlinear systems with uncertain external disturbances. More precisely, the upper bounds of control gain function in stability analysis are eliminated by establishing Lyapunov function with lower bounds of control coefficients. Compared with the previous guaranteed performance results where the tracking errors converge to the neighborhood of the origin, the control scheme proposed in this paper ensures that the tracking error asymptotically converges to zero by constructing the smooth functions and boundary estimation method. So that the prescribed performance of the system is always achieved. In addition, the event‐triggered strategy is developed to reduce the waste of communication resources. The proposed control law can ensures that all the signals of system are bounded. Meanwhile, the Zeno behavior can be effectively avoid. Finally, two examples are provided to prove the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Impacts of regional climate change on hydrological drought characteristics in headwaters of the Ore Mountains
Authors: Vlach Vojtech , Matouskova Milada , Ledvinka Ondrej 
Published: May 2021

AbstractChanges in the frequency, magnitude, and seasonality of hydrological extremes are one of the expected consequences of climate change. Recent years suggested an increasing risk of drought occurrence and restricted water supply even in usually humid mountain regions. Our research is focused on the evaluation of regional climate change and its effect on hydrological drought characteristics in headwater areas in the Ore Mountains along the Czech/German border. The main aim was to evaluate and compare streamflow regime changes and trends in long‐term hydrological and climatic time series within selected sub‐catchments of the Svatava (Zwota) River, the Rolava River, and the Načetínský Brook (Natzschung). A comparative statistical analysis for the 1967–2018 period was performed using various homogeneity and trend tests. Longer runoff time series with earlier beginnings were examined for two catchments as well. The results pointed to significant, continuous warming in the region which is accompanied by decreasing trends in snow cover depths in the colder half of the year. Drought indices based on runoff data were derived in the Indicators of Hydrologic Alterations (IHA 7.1) software environment. The seasonality of hydrological drought occurrence changed markedly after 1992, when most severe drought events started to concentrate between August and October in the study area. Increasing trends in deficit volumes were found in two catchments characterized by lower elevation. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in average and minimum flows in spring and summer months in all catchments observed between 1967 and 2018 despite relatively stable amounts of precipitation and land cover.
Is signalment associated with clinicopathological findings in dogs with leishmaniosis?
Authors: Cabré Maria , Planellas Marta , Ordeix Laura , Solano‐Gallego Laia 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundCanine leishmaniosis (CanL) is a common infectious disease. Age, sex and breed might influence the type of clinical and pathological manifestations that dogs develop. The main objective of this retrospective cross‐sectional study was to determine if an association between age, sex, breed and size and the clinical findings of CanL exists.Material and methodsDogs with a diagnosis of leishmaniosis were enrolled (n = 123). Clinical information, including signalment, clinical signs and laboratory abnormalities, was retrieved from medical records from different veterinary facilities from Catalonia.ResultsYoung dogs developed less frequently systemic signs (p = 0.0046), renal (p = 0.0019) and haematologic (p = 0.0275) abnormalities, while dermatologic signs were more common in young and adult dogs compared with old ones (p = 0.0451). Young dogs showed proteinuria less often than adult and old dogs (p = 0.0029). Young dogs did not present renal azotemia, while old dogs showed occasionally renal azotemia (p = 0.0478). Young dogs were mainly classified as mild‐moderate LeishVet clinical stages of the disease, and very rarely as severe‐very severe LeishVet clinical stages, compared with adult and old dogs (p = 0.0457). Purebred dogs significantly developed ulcerative dermatitis more frequently than crossbred dogs (p = 0.0460).ConclusionThis study describes that age is associated with differences in clinicopathological findings of CanL.
Programmable materials for efficient CTCs isolation: From micro/nanotechnology to biomimicry
Authors: Hou Jianwen , Liu Xia , Zhou Shaobing 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEscaping from primary tumors and entering into blood flow, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) contain significant information for both the original tumors and metastasis mechanisms. CTCs detection has become an effective liquid biopsy of tumors and shows great promise in early cancer detection, disease monitoring, prognosis and personalized medicine. Despite the urgent need from clinics, CTCs isolation from blood is still a huge challenge due to their extreme rareness in blood. Well‐defined micro/nanostructures and nature‐inspired hierarchical architectures offer unique avenues to address this challenge by matching well with the special physical properties of CTCs to sort cells or forming local topographic interactions to strengthen cell adhesion, thereby improving the CTC‐isolation performance. In this review, we first summarize researches on CTCs isolation with diverse micro/nanostructured substrates, which mainly include nanomaterials, microfluidics, DNA nanostructures, micromotors and in vivo detection devices. In sequence, various CTC‐isolation biomimetic architectures, which are inspired by different natural creatures (e.g., viruses, cells, extracellular matrix [ECM], plants, and animals), have been highlighted. At last, remaining challenges and future perspectives in designing CTC‐isolation platforms for clinical applications are also discussed.
Sub‐epiglottic pharyngeal pouch remnant cyst in a 6‐month‐old female Labrador Retriever
Authors: Bonanno Giuseppe , Laird Catriona , Cox Alistair , White Robert 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA 6‐month‐old entire female Labrador Retriever was presented for intermittent respiratory rasping and rattling made worse with excitement and exercise, which appeared to be distressing for the patient. Clinical findings revealed a fluid‐filled cystic structure at the base of the tongue in a sub‐epiglottic position. Serum concentrations of total thyroxine, free thyroxine and thyroid‐stimulating hormone were within normal limits. A CT scan revealed a 2‐cm diameter spherical, encapsulated structure, filled with fluid attenuating material, positioned in the midline at the base of the tongue adjacent to the basihyoid. The cyst was surgically excised via an oral approach, and histopathological findings were suggestive of a pharyngeal pouch remnant cyst. There were no post‐surgical complications, and the dog made an unremarkable recovery. At 12‐month long‐term follow‐up, the owner reported that the dog remained fit and well showing no further signs of respiratory noise, exercise restriction or evidence of recurrence.
Simplified characteristic time method for accurate estimation of the soil hydraulic parameters from one‐dimensional infiltration experiments
Authors: Rahmati Mehdi , Rezaei Meisam , Lassabatere Laurent , Morbidelli Renato , Vereecken Harry 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRecently, a novel approach with excellent performance based on the concept of the characteristic infiltration time, the characteristic time method (CTM), is proposed to infer soil sorptivity (S) and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) from one‐dimensional (1D) cumulative infiltration. The current work provides a simplified version of the CTM, called the SCTM, by eliminating the necessity of the iteration method used in CTM and providing a similar accuracy as the original method when estimating S and Ks. We used both synthetic and experimental data to evaluate SCTM in comparison with the original CTM, as well as Sharma (SH) and curve‐fitting methods. In the case of synthetically simulated infiltration experiments, the predicted S and Ks values showed an excellent agreement with their theoretical values, with Nash–Sutcliffe (E) values higher than 0.9 and RMSE values of 0.11 cm h1/2 and 0.35 cm h–1, respectively. In the case of experimental data, the SCTM showed E values larger than 0.73 and RMSE values of 0.64 cm h1/2 and 0.35 cm h–1, respectively. The accuracy and the robustness of SCTM was comparable with the original CTM when applied on synthetic infiltration curves as well as on experimental data. Similar to the original CTM, the simplified approach also does not require the knowledge of the time validity, which is needed when using approaches based on Philip's infiltration theory. The method is applicable to infiltrations with durations from 15 min to 24 h. The supplemental material presents the calculation of S and Ks using SCTM in an Excel spreadsheet.
Effect of overlying water pH, temperature, and hydraulic disturbance on heavy metal and nutrient release from drinking water reservoir sediments
Authors: Peng Cheng , Huang Yunying , Yan Xuchen , Jiang Lei , Wu Xuefei , Zhang Wei , Wang Xianyun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHow environmental factors impact the release of pollutants from sediment is critical to ensure the safety of drinking water, especially when the seasons change. Here, we investigated the effect of water pH, temperature, and hydraulic disturbance on the release of heavy metals and nutrients from the sediment of drinking water reservoir. The results show that lower initial water pH promoted the Zn release, while low temperature enhanced the Mn flux after 15 days. Meanwhile, continuous disturbance caused more metals releasing from sediment than intermittent disturbance due to greater shear stress and turbulence effect. However, intermittent high‐speed disturbance greatly altered the dynamic release of Zn from L‐shaped curve to U‐shape in water column. Moreover, lower water pH caused higher ammonium in water but lower nitrate since H+ restrained the nitrification. Yet, higher temperature inhibited the release of ammonium from sediment, which might relate to the accelerated mineralization of organic nitrogen and elevated dissolved oxygen caused by the algae growth. Notably, hydraulic disturbance with various intensity and duration greatly influenced the fluxes of various species of nitrogen and soluble phosphate in water column, because the disturbance facilitated the nitrogen and phosphorus exchanges between sediment–water and water–air interfaces.Practitioner points

Lower water pH induced Zn release, while low temperature gradually enhanced Mn level.
More metals were released from sediment under continuous disturbance than intermittent disturbance.
Lower water pH caused higher ammonium nitrogen in water but lower nitrate nitrogen.
Higher temperature inhibited the release of ammonium nitrogen from sediment.
Hydraulic disturbance greatly changed the release of different species of nitrogen and soluble phosphate from sediment.
Metabolic Intersection of Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases: Opportunities for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Hoang Giang , Nguyen Kiet , Le Anne 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAccording to data from the World Health Organization, cardiovascular diseases and cancer are the two leading causes of mortality in the world [1]. Despite the immense effort to study these diseases and the constant innovation in treatment modalities, the number of deaths associated with cardiovascular diseases and cancer is predicted to increase in the coming decades [1]. From 2008 to 2030, due to population growth and population aging in many parts of the world, the number of deaths caused by cancer globally is projected to increase by 45%, corresponding to an annual increase of around four million people [1]. For cardiovascular diseases, this number is six million people [1]. In the United States, treatments for these two diseases are among the most costly and result in a disproportionate impact on low- and middleincome people. As the fight against these fatal diseases continues, it is crucial that we continue our investigation and broaden our understanding of cancer and cardiovascular diseases to innovate our prognostic and treatment approaches. Even though cardiovascular diseases and cancer are usually studied independently [2–12], there are some striking overlaps between their metabolic behaviors and therapeutic targets, suggesting the potential application of cardiovascular disease treatments for cancer therapy. More specifically, both cancer and many cardiovascular diseases have an upregulated glutaminolysis pathway, resulting in low glutamine and high glutamate circulating levels. Similar treatment modalities, such as glutaminase (GLS) inhibition and glutamine supplementation, have been identified to target glutamine metabolism in both cancer and some cardiovascular diseases. Studies have also found similarities in lipid metabolism, specifically fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and synthesis. Pharmacological inhibition of FAO and fatty acid synthesis have proven effective against many cancer types as well as specific cardiovascular conditions. Many of these treatments have been tested in clinical trials, and some have been medically prescribed to patients to treat certain diseases, such as angina pectoris [13, 14]. Other metabolic pathways, such as tryptophan catabolism and pyruvate metabolism, were also dysregulated in both diseases, making them promising treatment targets. Understanding the overlapping traits exhibited by both cancer metabolism and cardiovascular disease metabolism can give us a more holistic view of how important metabolic dysregulation is in the progression of diseases. Using established links between these illnesses, researchers can take advantage of the discoveries from one field and potentially apply them to the other. In this chapter, we highlight some promising therapeutic discoveries that can support our fight against cancer, based on common metabolic traits displayed in both cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
Appropriation and Configuration
Authors: Greiner Rasmus 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis chapter will seek to demonstrate that the process of appropriation also irrevocably inscribes the aesthetic parameters of a cinematic-historical way of thinking into our historical consciousness. Building on theories of the phenomenological relationship between the spectator’s body and the world, the first section develops a model of incorporative appropriation of history, which it connects to constructivist and cognitive approaches. The second section raises the specific experience of historical films described in the previous section to the status of paradigmatic core of a historical film genre, which it fleshes out based on a phenomenological conception of genre. Its systematic account of this genre integrates the theoretical discussion of the distinctive characteristics of historical films from the preceding chapters.
Conformal blocks from celestial gluon amplitudes
Authors: Fan Wei , Fotopoulos Angelos , Stieberger Stephan , Taylor Tomasz R. , Zhu Bin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In celestial conformal field theory, gluons are represented by primary fields with dimensions ∆ = 1 + iλ, λ ∈ ℝ and spin J = ±1, in the adjoint representation of the gauge group. All two- and three-point correlation functions of these fields are zero as a consequence of four-dimensional kinematic constraints. Four-point correlation functions contain delta-function singularities enforcing planarity of four-particle scattering events. We relax these constraints by taking a shadow transform of one field and perform conformal block decomposition of the corresponding correlators. We compute the conformal block coefficients. When decomposed in channels that are “compatible” in two and four dimensions, such four-point correlators contain conformal blocks of primary fields with dimensions ∆ = 2 + M + iλ, where M ≥ 0 is an integer, with integer spin J = −M, −M + 2, …, M − 2, M. They appear in all gauge group representations obtained from a tensor product of two adjoint representations. When decomposed in incompatible channels, they also contain primary fields with continuous complex spin, but with positive integer dimensions.
Conformal Floquet dynamics with a continuous drive protocol
Authors: Das Diptarka , Ghosh Roopayan , Sengupta Krishnendu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We study the properties of a conformal field theory (CFT) driven periodically with a continuous protocol characterized by a frequency ωD. Such a drive, in contrast to its discrete counterparts (such as square pulses or periodic kicks), does not admit exact analytical solution for the evolution operator U. In this work, we develop a Floquet perturbation theory which provides an analytic, albeit perturbative, result for U that matches exact numerics in the large drive amplitude limit. We find that the drive yields the well-known heating (hyperbolic) and non-heating (elliptic) phases separated by transition lines (parabolic phase boundary). Using this and starting from a primary state of the CFT, we compute the return probability (Pn), equal (Cn) and unequal (Gn) time two-point primary correlators, energy density(En), and the mth Renyi entropy ($$ {S}_n^m $$

S
n
m

) after n drive cycles. Our results show that below a crossover stroboscopic time scale nc, Pn, En and Gn exhibits universal power law behavior as the transition is approached either from the heating or the non-heating phase; this crossover scale diverges at the transition. We also study the emergent spatial structure of Cn, Gn and En for the continuous protocol and find emergence of spatial divergences of Cn and Gn in both the heating and non-heating phases. We express our results for $$ {S}_n^m $$

S
n
m

and Cn in terms of conformal blocks and provide analytic expressions for these quantities in several limiting cases. Finally we relate our results to those obtained from exact numerics of a driven lattice model.
Existence analysis of a degenerate diffusion system for heat-conducting gases
Authors: Favre Gianluca , Jüngel Ansgar , Schmeiser Christian , Zamponi Nicola 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe existence of global weak solutions to a parabolic energy-transport system in a bounded domain with no-flux boundary conditions is proved. The model can be derived in the diffusion limit from a kinetic equation with a linear collision operator involving a non-isothermal Maxwellian. The evolution of the local temperature is governed by a heat equation with a source term that depends on the energy of the distribution function. The limiting model consists of cross-diffusion equations with an entropy structure. The main difficulty is the nonstandard degeneracy, i.e., ellipticity is lost when the gas density or temperature vanishes. The existence proof is based on a priori estimates coming from the entropy inequality and the $$H^{-1}$$

H

-
1

method and on techniques from mathematical fluid dynamics (renormalized formulation, div-curl lemma).
Genetic architecture of root and shoot ionomes in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Cobb Joshua N. , Chen Chen , Shi Yuxin , Maron Lyza G. , Liu Danni , Rutzke Mike , Greenberg Anthony , Craft Eric , Shaff Jon , Paul Edyth , Akther Kazi , Wang Shaokui , Kochian Leon V. , Zhang Dabao , Zhang Min , McCouch Susan R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractKey messageAssociation analysis for ionomic concentrations of 20 elements identified independent genetic factors underlying the root and shoot ionomes of rice, providing a platform for selecting and dissecting causal genetic variants.AbstractUnderstanding the genetic basis of mineral nutrient acquisition is key to fully describing how terrestrial organisms interact with the non-living environment. Rice (Oryza sativaL.) serves both as a model organism for genetic studies and as an important component of the global food system. Studies in rice ionomics have primarily focused on above ground tissues evaluated from field-grown plants. Here, we describe a comprehensive study of the genetic basis of the rice ionome in both roots and shoots of 6-week-old rice plants for 20 elements using a controlled hydroponics growth system. Building on the wealth of publicly available rice genomic resources, including a panel of 373 diverse rice lines, 4.8 M genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms, single- and multi-marker analysis pipelines, an extensive tome of 321 candidate genes and legacy QTLs from across 15 years of rice genetics literature, we used genome-wide association analysis and biparental QTL analysis to identify 114 genomic regions associated with ionomic variation. The genetic basis for root and shoot ionomes was highly distinct; 78 loci were associated with roots and 36 loci with shoots, with no overlapping genomic regions for the same element across tissues. We further describe the distribution of phenotypic variation across haplotypes and identify candidate genes within highly significant regions associated with sulfur, manganese, cadmium, and molybdenum. Our analysis provides critical insight into the genetic basis of natural phenotypic variation for both root and shoot ionomes in rice and provides a comprehensive resource for dissecting and testing causal genetic variants.