bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Question and Answer Technique in Teaching Reading Comprehension at SMP Negeri 3 Ratahan
Authors: Mogea T 
Published: March 2021

This research was conducted with the purpose to develop students’ reading comprehension of descriptive text through question and answer technique. This study is classified as quantitative through pre-experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test design. The population of this research is the students of SMP Negeri 3 Ratahan. It was limited only to the second year studens. There were 30 students. The data were collected through test. The first test is pre-test, the teacher intends to know the students’ reading comprehension without using question and answer technique. The second test is post-test in which the teacher has used question and answer technique in teaching reading comprehension. The result shows that the scores of the students in post-test are higher then those in pre-test. This is shown by the mean score of pre-test which is 5.5 and mean score of post-test which is 7.8 Keywords: Question and Answer Technique; Reading Comprehension
Using Fairy Tale In Enhanced Spelling Learning of First High School Student In The City Of Manado
Authors: Monoarfa S 
Published: March 2021

. The problem with this research is that teachers in teaching students focus more on improving teaching methods. They are more interested in choosing learning strategies such as inquiry, STAD, jigsaw, learning cell, and so on that emphasize the application of learning steps. The teachers forget their role as facilitators and creators who always facilitate students with teaching materials / materials as a result of the creation of teachers that have an impact on learning outcomes that are less than optimal. To solve this, the teacher needs to prepare a reading "stock" that can teach spelling while attracting students' interest in learning. Therefore the right reading material given is a fairy tale because the fairy tale is close to the child. The purpose of this study is to describe spelling learning, especially word writing, the use of punctuation, the use of capital letters through learning fairy tales in SMP Negeri 1 Manado students. The specific target to be achieved is the Science and Technology-Social and Culture products, scientific publications and textbooks about fairy tales in Indonesian that can be used as a means to teach enhanced spelling to students of SMP Negeri 1 Manado. This research method is a method of action study or action research. Reflection on actions is part of this method. The data source of this research is VII grade students of SMP Negeri I Manado. The research location is the city of Manado. To collect data, the techniques used are tests, observations (using field notes and rating checklists), and interviews. The procedure of conducting research is planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The results showed that VII grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Manado could be categorized as capable of using spelling because the average grade of the class obtained was 88.74%. The ability of students to use spelling, especially capital letters at the beginning of a sentence and a dot at the end of a sentence can be categorized as very capable because the results achieved by students are 100%. Keywords: use; fairy tales; spelling.
Student Satisfaction Level on Academic and Administrative Services in FMIPA Universitas Negeri Manado
Authors: Kamagi D D W 
Published: March 2021

Student satisfaction as users of academic and administrative services has been evaluated to find out the extent of service delivery that has been carried out by the academic and administrative work units of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Manado. The level of student satisfaction with academic and administrative services has been measured using a linkert scale, and analyzed using the distribution of scores, then presented and served in tables or diagrams. Measuring the level of satisfaction of students to academic and administrative services covering six aspects, including tangibles, responsiveness, reliability, empathy, assurance and information systems. The six aspects are outlined in a question sheet with each aspect consisting of several question / statement items with the same score scale. Question points for all aspects of the assessment consisted of 42 items. The number of respondents amounted to 265 respondents. The measurement data is completely re-converted to get the level of student satisfaction with five categories, namely dissatisfied, less satisfied, quite satisfied, satisfied and very satisfied. The measurement results show that the level of student satisfaction with all aspects of academic and administrative services is 5.66% very satisfied, 23.02% satisfied, 38.11% quite satisfied, 24.91% less satisfied and 8.30% dissatisfied. While the level of student satisfaction with academic and administrative services for each aspect of service shows that only tangibles aspects are the percentage of satisfaction below 50% Keywords: Satisfaction; Academic and Administrative Services; FMIPA Students
Family Education and Cultural Preservation Rurup Keeps Together The Saroinsong Raya Community In The Face Of Globalization
Authors: Terry H 
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of family education in preserving Rurup's culture in building togetherness in the Saroinsong Raya community in the era of globalization. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method, with the technique of collecting data and empirical facts directly in the field in order to obtain primary data, by means of observation, interviews, and documentation. Rurub culture research results can be used as a unifying tool to build community together in this globalization era, the family plays an important role in preserving the Rurup tradition handed down from parents to children as evidenced by the existence of the Rurup tradition which is still carried out until now. Keywords: Parents education; Rurub’s culture; Globalization
The Implementation Of Make A-Match Model In Social Science Learning To Improve Student Learning Outcomes In Class IV SDN 115 Manado
Authors: Lompoliuw B A 
Published: March 2021

There is a tendency in the education field today to return to the idea that children will learn better if the environment is created naturally. Learning will be more meaningful if children "experience" themselves what they are learning, not 'knowing' it. Target-oriented learning of material mastery proves to be successful in short-term 'remembering' competitions, but fails to equip children to solve problems in long-term life. The problems that would to be studied in this study are: (a) how is the improvement of Social Science learning outcomes by applying the Make A-Match Model to it? (b) how does the Make A-Match Model apply towards the learning motivation? The objectives of this study are: (a) want to know the improvement in Social Science learning achievement after the implemetation of the Make A-Match Model. (b) want to know the effect of Make A-Match Model towards students’ motivation of the subject after it is applied. This research is used two rounds of action research. In each round consists of four stages, namely: design, activity and observation, reflection and revision. The target of this research is the fourth grade students of Mongodow. The data obtained in the form of formative test results, observation sheets of teaching and learning activities. From the results of analysts obtained student achievement has increased from cycle I to cycle II namely, cycle I (65%), cycle II (83%). The conclusion of this research is the Make A-Match Model of Social Science learning could positively influence the motivation of learning of central students, and this learning model could be used as an alternative to Social Science learning. Keywords: Make A-Match Model; Social Science Learning; Learning Outcome.
The Effects Of Interpersonal Communication, Work Ethic And Leadership Style Towards Junior High School Teacher Performance In Tomohon City
Authors: Tuerah P R 
Published: March 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of interpersonal communication, work ethics and leadership style on teacher’s performance in the city of Tomohon. The sample of this study used 195 respondents. Data were collected from four variables which were examined and analyzed using correlation and regression techniques. The results of this study indicate that (1) Interpersonal communication has a positive influence on performance, (2) Work ethic has a positive influence on teacher performance, (3) Performance has a positive influence on teacher job satisfaction and (4) Interpersonal communication, work ethics and leadership styles together have a positive influence together on teacher performance. These variables show that there is a positive relationship to teacher performance and thus all hypotheses in this study were accepted. Keywords: Interpersonal communication; work ethics; leadership; teacher’s performance.
Improving Speaking Skills: Development Of Speaking Models In Semester II Students Department Of Indonesian Language And Literature Education FBS UNIMA
Authors: Pangemanan N 
Published: March 2021

The problem with this research is that the second semester students of the Indonesian Language and Literature Education Department are not yet skilled at speaking. The teaching methods provided have not been able to solve the problem. Therefore a learning model is developed which aims to improve speaking skills. The purpose of this study is to describe what efforts can be made to improve the speaking skills of second semester students of the Indonesian Language and Literature Education Department (2018). To describe what learning model can improve the speaking skills of the second semester students of the Indonesian Language and Literature Education Department (2018). The method used in this research is the R&D (Research and Development) method. Of the six parallel classes, the test is only applied to one class because there is no difference in character between one class and another class. The number of students subject to test is 35 people. Quantitative data will be processed using percentage techniques. The value achieved in the pretest before using the model will be compared with the value achieved at the posttest that is after using the model. The results showed that students were ‘quite skilled’ in speaking because the average grade obtained was 7.3. Judging from the aspects assessed, the logical aspect of the proposition, the average grade obtained by students is 8.6. For aspects of text development, the average value obtained is 6.4. For the cohesiveness aspect, the average grade obtained was 8.4. While the aspect of intonation / accent, the average grade obtained is 6.5. It is clear that guided training techniques have not been able to maximize the speaking skills of second semester students, especially the development of texts and intonation / accent. Although the results of the study show that speaking skills have not been maximally achieved by students because they are still below the expected average value (80%), it does not mean that the application of guided training techniques cannot improve students 'speaking skills because the results of the pretest carried out indicate that students' speaking skills are still under the value which is 6. Keywords: Speaking skills; Learning models.
An Analysis Of Learning Materials Needs Of Japanese Language At Nursing School In Tomohon City
Authors: Kapoh R J 
Published: March 2021

This study aims to produce an overview of the needs of Japanese teaching materials at the Tomohon "Bethesda" Nursing Academy. The approach and method used is a mixed approach or a mixed method that is a research approach that combines qualitative and quantitative forms. Creswell, (2014: 5) Data obtained by observation, survey and interview techniques. By using a mixed method approach, the data collected in the form of text are described qualitatively. Likewise with data through a questionnaire, tabulated in percentage and subsequently described qualitatively. The results of the needs analysis show that both learners and instructors, all of them need teaching materials that the contents of the material in a variety of skills should be in accordance with the special field of expertise that is the field of nursing that is well-graded, and well designed too. Furthermore, in the learning process it should also be equipped with cassettes, videos, and sufficient practice questions and good evaluation. This study recommends that teaching materials be developed that reflect comprehensive needs in the area of health expertise, especially nursing. Keywords: Needs Analysis, Japanese Language Teaching Materials, School of Nursing.
Problem Based-Learning To Improve Mathematical Abilities In The Context Of Forming The Critical Thinking Character Of Elementary School Students
Authors: Najoan R A O 
Published: March 2021

Problem-based learning math is forming children critical thinking in solving problems. Therefore, it can make children whose character so as to answer the question of educational quality improvement is expected in particular on education in elementary schools. The purpose of this research is to develop a problem-based learning math in elementary school. This study uses classroom action research approach. The results obtained in this study showed an increase in math skills of elementary school students Keywords: mathematical ability; students; Problem-Based Learning.
Foldscope
Authors: Gupta Sweta , Mathews Bijina John , Ghantaa Sai Nikhila , Amerneni Krishna Chaitanya , Karuna T. , Pakhare Abhijit , Joshi Deepti , Khadanga Sagar 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Malaria has been an important public health all over the globe. Although conventional light microscopy is the gold standard of diagnosis, light microscopes are heavy, fragile, costly, and electricity dependent. Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have become more popular but perform badly in temperate climate. This is because the RDT kits require maintenance of cold chain for its optimal use. In this regard, there is a recent interest in handheld malaria microscopy at the point of care in the field setting. Foldscopes are cheap, handy, nonfragile, and use mobile camera for illumination. The purpose of the study was to find whether foldscope can be used in the national vector borne disease control program (NVBDCP) in India.

Methods:
Ten laboratory technicians were trained in identifying malaria parasites using foldscope and their mobiles. Later, they were provided with unassembled foldscope to document their test results for the preidentified malaria slides. The blood smears were stained as per the protocol of NVBDCP. The report of the index test (foldscope microscopy) was compared with the reference test (conventional microscopy).

Results:
The sensitivity and specificity of the index test was found to be 13.3% (6.257–26.18), specificity of 97.78% (88.43–99.61), positive predictive value 85.71% (48.69–97.43), and negative predictive value 53.01% (42.38–63.38). The devise failure rate and test failure rate were 20% and 11.7%. The kappa agreement between the index and reference microscopy was only 11% and the McNemar P < 0.01.

Conclusion:
The ×400 foldscope at its present magnification and illumination cannot be utilized in the field under NVBDCP.
Protective Role of 4-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-Butanone on Prostatic Cells Hyperplasia of Rats and Human, 5α-reductase Inhibition Pathway
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed S. , Soliman Mohamed Gaber 
Published: March 2021

Background:
Prostate gland is an exocrine gland that could be affected by various pathological conditions. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an age-dependent medical condition caused by increased activity of 5α-reductase enzyme (5α-R). Medical treatment by finasteride is considered during treatment, but it has unavoidable side effects. Hence, there is an increasing need to use natural ingredients for BPH treatment. Gingerol oil (ginger extract) is transferred by heating into zingerone. Recent studies reported the effect of zingerone on prostate cancer cells.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim of the present research is to investigate the protective effect of zingerone against BPH.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty male Albino Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control group, prostatic hyperplasia group treated with saline, and prostatic hyperplasia group treated with zingerone (PH-Z-G). At day 28, all rats were sacrificed, epididymis and prostate samples were collected for histopathological examination and Western blotting for androgen receptors (ARs) proteins and steroid 5 alpha-reductase 1 (SRD5A1). Human RWPE-1 prostatic cell line was assessed for viability and cycle after treated with zingerone 500 μg/day for 10 days.

Results:
PH-S group showed significant (P < 0.05) thickening of connective tissue septa associated with narrowing of acinar lumen. PH-Z group showed regain of the normal histological feature. SRD5A1 and AR expression was significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in PH-Z group in comparison with PH-S group. Cell line proliferation was significantly reduced after application of zingerone with G2/M cell cycle arrest.

Conclusion:
Our results showed that natural herbal zingerone decreased the prostatic tissue levels of (5α reductase and AR) in rat BPH model, which could be a promising herbal medicine for BPH treatment. Further human clinical trials are required.
Anxiolytic effect of minocycline in posttraumatic stress disorder model of Syrian hamsters
Authors: Patankar Panini Shrikant , Joshi Shirish , Mane Abhishek , Manjesh P. S. , Kokate Dhananjay 
Published: March 2021

Objective:
The objective was to study the anxiolytic effect of minocycline in resident–intruder social conflict in submissive hamsters post resident intrusion model using open field test (OFT) and elevated plus maze (EPM) and serum cortisol levels.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty-two singly housed male Syrian hamsters were used, post standardization of an animal model. Resident intrusion was done (5 min), in which smaller hamsters were placed in the cage of larger hamster, and the behavior of smaller hamster was noted. Eight submissive hamsters per group (disease control, lorazepam group as a positive control, and the test drug was minocycline) were used, and the drug was administered immediately post resident intrusion, intraperitoneally. Behavioral tests, namely OFT and EPM, were done followed by retro-orbital blood collection for serum cortisol estimation. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
The minocycline group showed a statistically significant decrease in serum cortisol levels compared to the disease control group. Among all the variables pertaining to both the behavioral tests, namely EPM and OFT, the results indicated an anxiolytic effect, which was statistically significant compared to the disease control group.

Conclusion:
As per the biochemical test using serum cortisol levels and behavioral tests in the form of EPM and OFT, the study concluded that the anxiolytic effect of minocycline is at least comparable to the positive control, lorazepam.
Clinical predictors of I-131 therapy failure in differentiated thyroid cancer by machine learning: A single-center experience
Authors: Lubin David J. , Tsetse Caleb , Khorasani Mohammad S. , Allahyari Massoud , McGrath Mary 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWell-differentiated thyroid carcinoma is predominantly a slow-growing malignancy, amendable to treatment, and has an excellent prognosis following thyroidectomy and radioiodine (RAI) therapy. However, patients who fail the initial RAI treatment attempt may require repeated RAI or other treatments and with this, comes an associated impact on patient quality of life. Therefore, the anticipation of patients in whom there is a higher risk of RAI failure may help in patient risk stratification and subsequent management. We conducted a retrospective review to determine the factors associated with initial RAI therapy failure in well-differentiated thyroid cancer patients. Using scikit-learn from Python, we implemented a machine-learning algorithm to determine the clinical patient factors associated with a higher likelihood of treatment resistance. We found that clinical factors such as tumor focality (P = 0.026) and lymph node invasion at surgical resection (P = 0.0135) were significantly associated with initial treatment failure following RAI. Elevated serum thyroglobulin (Tg) and Tg antibody levels following surgery but before RAI were also associated with treatment resistance (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.011 respectively). Less expected factors such as decreased time from surgery to RAI were also associated with treatment failure, however not to a statistically significant degree (P > 0.064). Clinical outcomes following RAI can be stratified by identifying factors that are associated with initial treatment failure. These findings can help restratify patients for RAI treatment and change patient management in certain cases. Such stratification will ultimately help to optimize successful treatment outcomes and improve patient quality of life.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON INVESTMENT PATTERN OF SELF-EMPLOYED & START-UP ENTREPRENEURS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PAN INDIA
Authors: Sendilvelu Kannadas , Shah Manita Deepak 
Published: March 2021

This study connotes the influence of demographical factors on the behavior of two categories of investors especially when they are pre-occupied with commitments and constraints. It also includes the subsequent effects on their risk appetite. It focuses on the fact that investors are not always rational in nature, have limits to their self-control and are influenced by their own limitations and bounded knowledge. This study is a comparative study between the Investment pattern of Self-Employed and Entrepreneurs. For the purpose of Study, we have taken 100 samples from Start-up entrepreneurs and Self-Employed. The Data used in the study are both primary and secondary. Using random Sampling technique, the responses were collected and analyzed using graphs and tables. Many developments were seen during the analysis. The analysis was carried by connecting the factors which are influential on one another and Chi-Square Test tools were utilized. Overall, the study has given new perspectives of the Financial Behavior of both Self-Employed and Entrepreneur which can further be analyzed by expanding the scope of the study and samples collected. There is still lot of scope to study and research in the area for contributing to the field of Behavioral Finance with various biases influencing the investing behavior.
JEL Classification Codes: G40, G41.