bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE ABIDING LEGACY OF THE REFORMATION’S CONFESSIONAL ORTHODOXY: THE REQUIRED VOWS OF WESTMINSTER SEMINARY PROFESSORS AND NAPARC MINISTERS
Authors: Lillback Peter 
Published: July 2021

Since the Reformed faith has been characterized from its sixteenth century origins, thus for both Catholic and Protestant the century was an era characterized by faith speaking through the composition of their respective confessions of faith. This article begin to examine the problems raised by confessional subscription for Protestantism and its solutions. The various purposes for confessional subscription to the historic creeds of the Reformation and confessional subscription at Westminster Theological Seminary, and finally confessional subscription in the PCA and the OPC also discussed. This article argues that the abiding legacy of the Reformation's Confessional Orthodoxy manifested in the required vows of Westminster Seminary professors and NAPARC ministers.
KEYWORDS: creeds, confessions, catechisms, Reformed.
LAYANAN INFORMASI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEDISIPLINAN MENGHADAPI PRAKTIK KERJA INDUSTRI DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN
Authors: IRIASTUTI MAE ENDANG 
Published: July 2021

Tujuan pendidikan kejuruan adalah menyiapkan peserta didik untuk memasuki dunia kerja, dunia usaha serta mengembangkan sikap professional. Untuk menyiapkan sumber daya yang berkualitas tersebut pemerintah membuat kebijakan penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Sisten Ganda (PSG). Dalam rangka pelaksanaan Pendidikan Sisten Ganda, program praktik kerja industri merupakan program wajib yang harus dilaksanakan di sekolah kejuruan. Agar supaya praktik kerja industri dapat tercapai dengan maksimal, maka peserta didik perlu diberikan layanan informasi tentang data dan fakta serta gambaran pelaksanaan praktik kerja industri melalui layanan informasi oleh guru Bimbingan Konseling. Literature review bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisa serta mencari kesamaam pandangan tentang manfaat dan pengaruh layanan informasi terhadap kedisiplinan peserta didik.. Desain Literature review menggunakan artikel dan jurnal yang terbit tahun 2017 sd 2020. Dari lima artikel dan jurnal terpilih yang telah dianalisa, didapat kesamaan hasil bahwa, layanan informasi secara efektif berpengaruh terhadap pemahaman dan kepercayaan diri, prestasi, kematangan karir, serta kedisiplinan peserta didik.
PENERAPAN ALGORITMA K-MEANS UNTUK ANALISIS DATA ULASAN DI SITUS TRIPADVISOR
Authors: Nurjanah Maya , Arifin Toni 
Published: July 2021

Ulasan atau review merupakan suatu pendapat langsung dari seseorang. Review yaitu beberapa dari salah satu faktor yang menentukan keputusan seseorang, dengan menunjukkan bahwa orang dapat mengambil jumlah review sebagai indikator popularitas tempat atau nilai dari suatu tempat dengan mempengaruhi kemauan untuk mendatangi suatu tempat pariwisata. Penelitian ini membahas tentang Penerapan metode K-Means untuk review data travel . Dataset ini diambil langsung melalui halaman situs web UCI Machine Learning Repository dengan nama Review Travel dengan jumlah data sebanyak 980 record, terdri dari 10 variabel atau atribut yaitu galeri seni, klub dansa, bilah jus, restoran, museum, resort, taman atau tempat piknik, pantai, bioskop dan lembaga keagamaan. Proses cluster dibagi kedalam 2 (dua) cluster yaitu cluster rating tertinggi (C0) dan cluster rating terendah (C1). Sehingga diperoleh hasil pengelompokkan data ulasan atau review rating wisatawan cluster tertinggi berada pada C0 terdiri dari 3 objek wisata unggulan dengan rating tertinggi pada C0 yaitu Galeri seni dengan rating = 7,118, Museum = 5,396 dan Klub dansa = 4,783. Sedangkan cluster terendah berada pada C1 terdiri dari 3 objek wisata unggulan dengan rating tertinggi yaitu Restoran dengan rating = 10,394, Klub dansa = 3,361, Galeri seni = 3,233.
KLASIFIKASI KELAYAKAN KREDIT MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA NAIVE BAYES PADA KSP MEKAR JAYA MALEBER
Authors: Habibulloh Wildan , Topiq Salman 
Published: July 2021

KSP Mekar Jaya adalah salah satu koperasi yang berada di Maleber Kuningan yang menyediakan jasa simpan pinjam bagi anggotanya. Adanya pemberian pinjaman pada anggota ini tidak jarang menimbulkan permasalahan terutama dengan terlambatnya membayar angsuran. Dilihat dari banyaknya nasabah yang melakukan kegiatan peminjaman dana maka dibutuhkan strategi untuk dapat memenuhi kegiatan itu semua, makin banyaknya calon nasabah yang mengajukan kredit dengan kondisi ekonomi yang berbeda-beda, menuntut ketelitian dalam pengambilan keputusan pemberian kredit. Untuk menghindari hal tersebut sebaiknya perlu dilakukan analisis data anggota untuk menentukam kelayan pemberian kredit, sehingga dapat diklasifikasikan layak atau tidaknya mendapatkan pinajaman Analisis data tersebut bisa dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik data mining. Naive bayes merupakan salah satu algoritma yang dapat digunakan untuk proses data mining, algoritma naive bayes banyak digunakan oleh para peneliti sebelumnya dan mendapatkan nilai akurasi yang tinggi. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma naive bayes dan menghasilkan nilai akurasi sebesar 76,76% dengan nilai AUC sebesar 0,824 yang berarti merupakan good classification.
TOWARD A FULL(ER) IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTIVE LEARNING
Authors: STRAYER JEREMY F. , GERSTENSCHLAGER NATASHA E. , GREEN LISA B. , MCCORMICK NANCY , MCDANIEL SCOTT , HOLMES ROWELL GINGER 
Published: July 2021

Many university statistics instructors are interested in teaching with active-learning approaches in their classrooms. In this article, we attend to active learning in three ways. First, we review how the statistics education community has addressed issues surrounding active learning implementation to date. Second, we describe how our project used design experiment methodology to create active-learning materials. Finally, using embedded case study methodology, we report on factors that impacted the extent to which statistics instructors facilitated active learning using our project’s materials. We describe properties of classroom interactions that led to full implementation of active learning and show how the unifying theme of relinquishing mathematical and statistical authority had explanatory power to inform ways instructors might effectively implement active learning.
First published May 2019 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
3D Dead
Authors: Robbins Schug Gwen , Killgrove Kristina , Atkin Alison , Baron Krista 
Published: July 2021

Humans have interacted with the remains of our dead for aesthetic and ritual purposes for millennia, and we have utilized them for medical, educational, and scholarly pursuits for several centuries. Recently, it has become possible to use digital technologies such as 3D scanners and printers for reconstructing, representing, and disseminating bodies. At the same time, there is growing interest among academics and curators in taking a more reflexive approach to the ethical and social dimensions of conservation. This paper considers theoretical and practical aspects of ethics as they apply to the 3D scanning and printing of human skeletal remains for curation or dissemination, provides case studies from our work in the United States, and suggests guidelines for best practices.

Los seres humanos hemos interactuado con los restos humanos de nuestros muertos por razones estéticas y rituales por milenios. Asimismo, estos restos han sido utilizados para conducir investigaciones médicas, educativas, y académicas por varios siglos. Recientemente, con la ayuda de la tecnología digital de los escáneres e impresoras 3D ha sido posible reconstruir, representar, y difundir estos cuerpos. Al mismo tiempo, los académicos y los conservadores proponen ser más reflexivos al lidiar con las dimension eséticas y sociales del campo de la conservación. Este artículo considera los aspectos teóricos y prácticos de la ética de los escaneos e impresiones 3D de restos óseos humanos para su conservación y diseminación, aporta casos prácticos de nuestros trabajos investigativos en los Estados Unidos como ejemplos, y sugiere normas para una práctica adecuada.
The utility of voluntary weighing in captive group-living rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Zijlmans DGM , Vernes MK , Sterck EHM , Langermans JAM 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBodyweight is an important health and welfare indicator for captive non-human primates (NHPs). Bodyweight can be measured during routine handling procedures, which cause stress. Alternatively, animals can be trained to step onto a scale, but training success varies greatly between individuals. Being able to weigh animals regularly without having to handle or train them is thus desirable for monitoring animal health and welfare. This study investigates the utility, ie the participation, reliability and time investment, of voluntary weighing in captive NHPs living in large social groups. Subjects of the study were 92 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) housed in four social groups at the Biomedical Primate Research Centre in Rijswijk, The Netherlands. A scale was placed in their home enclosure during several sessions. Individuals were unwilling to step onto an unbaited scale. When likeable food items were used to attract individuals to the scale, 68% of them stepped onto the scale. Age and dominance rank did not affect stepping onto the scale, whereas exploratory tendency and social group did. The level of agreement between bodyweight by voluntary weighing and bodyweight measured during sedation was very high. These results show that the majority of rhesus macaques in social groups can be weighed voluntarily and that voluntary weighing is reliable. When optimising and further developing the method, voluntary weighing can form a valuable tool in the captive management of NHPs.
Your happiness or mine: Influence of affective states and level of contact on public perceptions of elephant tourism
Authors: Weston ME , Mills KE , von Keyserlingk MAG 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMany captive Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in Thailand participate in the tourism industry at attractions known as ‘elephant camps.’ There has been significant criticism of low welfare venues, where the elephants may experience injuries, poor nutrition, unnatural social environments and aversive handling. Despite increasing concern for animal welfare, the general public often have difficulty identifying the welfare issues affecting captive animals. The aim of this study was to investigate participants’ willingness to support an elephant attraction and their perceived emotional value from the experience, based on the affective state of the captive elephant and their level of contact with it. Participants (n = 590) from the United States were randomly assigned to one of four vignettes (using a 2 × 2 experimental design) that described an elephant attraction, varying the affective state of the elephant (feels excellent, feels terrible) and the level of contact they could have with the elephant (low, high). A mixed methods approach was used, where participants provided answers to Likert-type questions, followed by an open-ended response. Participants showed greater willingness to support the elephant attraction and greater perceived emotional value from the experience when the elephant felt excellent, as opposed to when the elephant felt terrible. There were no significant differences between low and high contact for the measures included in this study. Qualitative responses varied greatly, with participants making many assumptions about the elephant and the attraction, revealing potential misconceptions that they had regarding the welfare of captive elephants. This research may be used to encourage a shift in tourism preferences to venues that reflect positive elephant welfare.
Welfare of broiler chickens reared under two different types of housing
Authors: Sans ECO , Tuyttens FAM , Taconeli CA , Rueda PM , Ciocca JR , Molento CFM 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe compared closed- and open-sided industrial houses with respect to the welfare of broiler chickens in southern Brazil. Ten flocks from each design were evaluated and measures divided into the following categories: i) bird health: contact dermatitis on the breast and abdominal areas, bird soiling, foot-pad dermatitis, hock burn, lameness, fractures, bruising, scratches, dead on arrival, diseases; ii) environmental measurements: relative humidity, temperature, air velocity, ammonia (NH3), carbon dioxide (CO2), light intensity, litter moisture; iii) behaviour: bird behaviour, touch test; and iv) affective states: qualitative behaviour assessment. Closed-sided houses showed worse contact dermatitis on the breast and abdominal areas, lower exploratory behaviour prevalence, higher NH3(11.2 [± 6.8] vs 7.5 [± 3.9] ppm) and CO2(1,124.9 [± 561.5] vs 841.0 [± 158.0] ppm), lower light intensity (6.9 [± 6.3] vs 274.2 [± 241.9] lux), while open-sided houses had a higher prevalence for scratches and panting behaviour, and lower air velocity (2.1 [± 0.7] vs 1.1 [± 1.0] m s−1). Stocking densities of 13.9 (± 0.4) and 12.0 (± 0.3) per m2for closed- and open-sided houses, respectively, likely influenced some results. All values shown are means (± SD). Even though open-sided houses presented fewer animal welfare restrictions (according to five indicators as opposed to three for closed-sided houses), both revealed important welfare problems, evidenced by poor environmental indicators, behavioural restrictions and injuries.
Inter-ethnic genetic variations and novel variant identification in the partial sequences of CYP2B6 gene in Pakistani population
Authors: Ahmed Sagheer , Khan Hizbullah , Khan Asifullah , Bangash Muhammad Hanif , Hussain Abrar , Qayum Mughal , Hamdard Mohammad Hamid 
Published: July 2021

Background
Some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the cytochrome P450 (CYP)2B6 gene lead to decreased enzyme activity and have an impact on drug metabolism. The present study was designed to investigate the patterns of genetic distinction across a hypervariable region of the CYP2B6 gene, known to contain important SNPs, i.e. rs4803419 and rs3745274, among five major ethnic groups of the Pakistani population.

Methods
Arlequin v3.5.DnaSPv6.12. and network 5 resources were used to analyze population genetic variance in the partial CYP2B6 gene sequences obtained from 104 human samples belonging to Punjabi, Pathan, Sindhi, Seraiki and Baloch ethnicities of Pakistan. The partial CYP2B6 gene region analyzed in the current study is previously known to possess important SNPs.

Results
The data analyses revealed that genetic variance among samples mainly came from differentiation within the ethnic groups. However, significant genetic variation was also found among the various ethnic groups. The high pairwise Fst genetic distinction was observed between Seraiki and Sindhi ethnic groups (Fst = 0.13392, P-value = 0.026) as well as between Seraiki and Balochi groups (Fst = 0.04303, P-value = −0.0030). However, the degree of genetic distinction was low between Pathan and Punjabi ethnic groups. Some SNPs, including rs3745274 and rs4803419, which are previously shown in strong association with increased plasma Efavirenz level, were found in high frequency. Besides, a novel SNP, which was not found in dbSNP and Ensemble databases, was identified in the Balochi ethnicity. This novel SNP is predicted to affect the CYP2B6 splicing pattern.

Conclusion
These results may have significant implications in Pakistani ethnicities in the context of drugs metabolized by CYP2B6, especially in Seraiki and Balochi ethnicity. The novel heterogeneous SNP, found in the present study, might lead to altered drug-metabolizing potential of CYP2B6 and, therefore, may be implicated in non-responder phenomenon.
Effects of step length and cadence on hip moment impulse in the frontal plane during the stance phase
Authors: Inai Takuma , Takabayashi Tomoya , Edama Mutsuaki , Kubo Masayoshi 
Published: July 2021

Background
An excessive daily cumulative hip moment in the frontal plane (determined as the product of hip moment impulse in the frontal plane during the stance phase and mean number of steps per day) is a risk factor for the progression of hip osteoarthritis. Moreover, walking speed and step length decrease, whereas cadence increases in patients with hip osteoarthritis. However, the effects of step length and cadence on hip moment impulse in the frontal plane during the stance phase are not known. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of step length and cadence on hip moment impulse in the frontal plane during the stance phase.

Methods
We used a public dataset (kinetic and kinematic data) of over-ground walking and selected 31 participants randomly from the full dataset of 57 participants. The selected participants walked at a self-selected speed and repeated the exercise 15 times. We analyzed the data for all 15 trials for each participant. Multiple regression analysis was performed with the hip moment impulse in the frontal plane during the stance phase as the dependent variable and step length and cadence as independent variables.

Results
The adjusted R2 in this model was 0.71 (p < 0.001). The standardized partial regression coefficients of step length and cadence were 0.63 (t = 5.24; p < 0.001) and −0.60 (t = − 4.58; p < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that low cadence, not short step length, increases the hip moment impulse in the frontal plane. Our findings help understand the gait pattern with low hip moment impulse in the frontal plane.
Effect of Inflation On Growth of Manufacturing Sector in Kenya (2008-2017)
Authors: Oduor Julius Wesonga , Ngala Consolata , Ruto Reuben , Abdillahi Umulkher Ali 
Published: July 2021

Aim: This study sought to address the effect of inflation on the growth of the manufacturing sector in Kenya.
Research design: The study used descriptive, correlational, and inferential research designs. The study used secondary data, specifically, from the World Bank, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), International Monetary Fund (IMF), Central Bank of Kenya (CBK), and Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) for the period 2008-2017.
Methodology: Time series data were analyzed quarterly using EViews software. The study employed descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Pre-test analysis entailed Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) tests for unit root, Bai-Perron Multiple Breakpoint tests, and Bounds Cointegration tests. The post-test analysis included the Breusch-Godfrey tests for autocorrelation, the Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey tests for heteroscedasticity, Variance Inflation Factors (VIF) tests for multicollinearity, Jarque-Bera statistics tests for normality, and CUSUM tests for model stability.
Results: The regression model estimates for inflation were (-0.19269, p<0.05). The results imply that holding other factors constant, a unit increase in inflation reduces manufacturing value-added by 0.19269 units.
Conclusion: Inflation has a statistically and significant negative effect on the growth of the manufacturing sector in Kenya. To achieve manufacturing value-added growth, the study recommends that the Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) should have inflation targets and adopt appropriate monetary policies to monitor fluctuating inflation rates. Furthermore, the CBK should keep lending interest rates as low as possible so that manufacturers incur less on acquiring credit from commercial banks and ultimately produce goods at affordable prices.
Chemical Changes during Thermal Processing of Unfermented and Fermented Red Kidney Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and effects on In Vitro Protein Digestibility
Authors: Wulam P. F. , Jiyil M. K. , Mafuyai C. E. , Oche J. I. , Olorunyomi O. A. , Silas M. 
Published: July 2021

Background: Legumes are outstanding sources of macronutrients, micronutrients, phytochemicals, as well as antinutritional factors. These components present a complex system enabling interactions with different components within food matrices. The interactions result in insoluble complexes with reduced bioaccessibility of nutrients. The development of appropriate preparation technologies for use at the household and village-level become so imperative to facilitate processing and dietary availability of beans.
Aim of the Study: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of thermal processing on the chemical contents of unfermented and fermented red kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and the effects of the resulting changes on the in vitro protein digestibility. This will enhance food security and reduction in malnutrition.
Methodology: Unfermented and fermented P. vulgaris were boiled using ordinary cooking pot and a pressure pot and the chemical contents were evaluated by standard methods. In vitro protein digestibility was carried out by pepsin digestion.
Results: Fermentation resulted in a decrease in the traditional cooking time in the ordinary cooking pot by 40.32%. The protein content of the fermented sample increased by about 7%. The in vitro protein digestibility value was increased by more than 30% with greater percentage evident in fermented samples. Sulphur containing amino acids, methionine and cystein were the limiting amino acids but their contents appreciated by 6.64% and 10.92% respectively after fermentation. Total ash, crude fibre, crude fat contents of P. vulgaris were all affected by more than 20% during the open fermentation and cooking of unfermented beans. The antinutritional factors of P. vulgaris decreased most in boiled fermented samples compared with the other processing methods. There was overall improvement in the In vitro protein digestibility, reduction of cooking time and antinutritional factors when P. vulgaris was fermented and cooked.
Conclusion: The outcome of the reserach justifies the fact that combining both fermentation and cooking results in the overall improvement in the nutritional value of P. vulgaris as against cooking without fermentation.
Effects of Short-term and Long-termUse of Lithium on Thyroid Hormones in Nepalese Patients with Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Gupta Rajesh Kumar , Raut Mithileshwer , Bhattarai Aseem , Tuladhar Eans Tara , Sharma Vijay Kumar , Ojha Saroj Prasad , Yadav Binod Kumar , Jha Bharat , Shrestha Rojeet 
Published: July 2021

Background: Lithium has been used for decades as mood-stabilizing agents in the management of bipolar disorder and other condition with a manic component. However, some studies have also reported varying degrees of thyroid abnormalities associated with lithium therapy and effect of such therapy on thyroid function is unclear in this part of world. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effect of long term use of lithium on thyroidfunctionin the individual with bipolar disorder receiving lithium therapy.
Methods: A total of 75 bipolar disorder patients (24 males, 51 females) who are under lithium therapy and equal number of control were recruited for this study. Diagnosis of bipolar disorder was made by psychiatrist according to ICD-10-DCR guidelines and DSM-IV criteria. Serum fT3, fT4 and TSH were measured by enhanced chemiluminescence immunoassay. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 version.
Results: The prevalence of primary hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism were found significantly increased in lithium treated group (12% and 17%, respectively) which was further increased with duration of treatment. The mean fT3 and fT4 concentration is low in lithium treated group compared to control group.Butmean TSH level was found significantlyhigher in lithium treated group compared to control (9.67±12.47 vs. 3.41±3.69, p<0.005).
Conclusion: Our findings indicate that use of lithium therapy is associated with higher degree of primary hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism and female are more susceptible for the thyroid dysfunction associated with lithium therapy.