bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of reduced saturated fat cookie fillings using multicomponent oleogels
Authors: da Silva Thais Lomonaco Teodoro , Fernandes Gabriel Deschamps , Arellano Daniel Barrera 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCookie fillings are typically composed of sugar (60%–80%) and fat (20%–40%). The fat in these fillings is known as shortening, which currently has high levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and, in some cases, trans fatty acids (TFA). This makes the nutritional profile of this product a reason for concern, especially considering that the target audience for cookies is children. This study thus aimed to replace the commercial shortening in these fillings with oleogels made of soybean oil (SB) and high oleic sunflower oil (SF) structured with candelilla wax (CLX), monoglycerides (MG), and hard fat (HF), in different concentrations ranging from 5%–10% of the total structuring content. The complete replacement of shortening with oleogel reduced the amount of TFA by 100% and the amount of SFA by 50%–80%. The quantities of MG and HF greatly influenced the structuring of the product because the higher the concentrations (≥3%), the better the formation of the structured network, with good aeration, greater hardness, and less oil loss, compared with the standard with shortening. The samples that achieved physical properties similar to those of the control sample were samples 3:3:3 and 1:4:5 (CLX:MG:HF). These showed similar oil loss at T0 (~4.5%), and microstructure before and after temperature oscillations and closer consistency (~400 gF/cm2) and adhesiveness (50 gF. s) to the RP (800 gF/cm2 and 75 gF. s). Although MG and HF are not good structuring elements alone as the CLX, they formed a network that is connected by hydrogen bonds with the sugar molecules that were resistant to stirring and thermal changes, which makes this system a potential replacement for shortenings in cookie fillings application.
Smart controlled release of acarbose from glucose‐sensitive hydrogels comprising covalently modified carboxylated pullulan and concanavalin A
Authors: Yi Ju‐Zhen , Lin Kunhua , Wu Hao , Mao Xuhong , Zhang Li‐Ming , Yang Liqun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA hydrogel comprising covalently modified carboxylated pullulan and concanavalin A (CPUL‐ConA) was prepared with glucose‐sensitivity in a simulated small intestinal fluid containing glucose. The acarbose‐encapsulated CPUL‐ConA (Acar/CPUL‐ConA) hydrogel, with an acarbose encapsulation ratio of 0.63, was prepared by immersing the dried CPUL‐ConA hydrogel in an acarbose/PBS (pH 7.2) solution. In the simulated gastric fluid, less than 20% acarbose was released from the Acar/CPUL‐ConA hydrogel, which could be beneficial to protecting the stomach. In contrast, more than 80% acarbose was smartly controlled released from the Acar/CPUL‐ConA hydrogel in the simulated small intestine fluid containing glucose. Scanning electron microscopy provided further evidence of the smart release of acarbose from the Acar/CPUL‐ConA hydrogel in simulated gastrointestinal fluids, which is advantageous to inhibiting α‐glucosidase activity and subsequently reducing the postprandial blood glucose levels, as well as helpful for reducing the gastrointestinal dysfunction of acarbose. Rheological analysis indicated that the Acar/CPUL‐ConA hydrogel showed characteristics of chemical crosslinked hydrogels. There was no obvious shear thinning behavior, suggesting that the Acar/CPUL‐ConA hydrogel could be stable under gastric and intestinal peristalsis. Therefore, the Acar/CPUL‐ConA hydrogel is anticipated to improve the therapeutic efficacy of postprandial hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes.
Free association as an epistemic method
Authors: Monteleone John M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWhat sort of clinical evidence can free association provide? Can it be characterized without presupposing Freud's controversial metaphysics? This essay claims that free association aims for entirely open and spontaneous expression. The emphasis on expression contrasts with Freud's own emphasis on dispassionate self‐observation. So conceived, the method of free association is here argued to be epistemically valuable in two interestingly different ways. Firstly, it can enable recognition of certain long‐standing patterns in the analysand's emotional and desiderative life, which are called concerns. Secondly, and more distinctively, since such an extreme degree of open, spontaneous expression will often be difficult to begin or will break down unexpectedly, the method enables recognition of ways in which an analysand's moral education has suppressed and re‐shaped those concerns.
Challenging endings: How telomeres prevent fragility
Authors: Glousker Galina , Lingner Joachim 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIt has become apparent that difficulties to replicate telomeres concern not only the very ends of eukaryotic chromosomes. The challenges already start when the replication fork enters the telomeric repeats. The obstacles encountered consist mainly of noncanonical nucleic acid structures that interfere with replication if not resolved. Replication stress at telomeres promotes the formation of so‐called fragile telomeres displaying an abnormal appearance in metaphase chromosomes though their exact molecular nature remains to be elucidated. A substantial number of factors is required to counteract fragility. In this review we promote the hypothesis that telomere fragility is not caused directly by an initial insult during replication but it results as a secondary consequence of DNA repair of damaged replication forks by the homologous DNA recombination machinery. Incomplete DNA synthesis at repair sites or partial chromatin condensation may become apparent as telomere fragility. Fragility and DNA repair during telomere replication emerges as a common phenomenon which exacerbates in multiple disease conditions.
Custom allogeneic block graft for ridge augmentation: Case series
Authors: Ambrosio Filip , Azimi Khashayar , López‐Torres Andrea , Notice Tinisha , Khoshneviszadeh Arash , Neely Anthony , Kinaia Bassam 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionAlveolar bone deficiency is a common postextraction sequela that adversely affects implant placement. Therefore, ridge augmentation is often required to obtain proper bone quantity and quality for restoratively driven implant placement. This case series describes the successful horizontal and vertical alveolar ridge augmentation using custom‐fabricated allogeneic block bone grafts.Case SeriesTwo healthy partially edentulous patients presented to private practice seeking dental implant treatment. Initial clinical examination and cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiographic analysis showed moderate to large horizontal ridge defects. Treatment options were discussed for alveolar ridge augmentation and the patients elected to undergo the custom allogeneic block graft procedure to regenerate the atrophied alveolar ridges. The CBCT scan in conjunction with computer‐aided design/computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology was used to fabricate customized allogeneic block grafts based on alveolar ridge topography. The custom allogeneic block graft allowed less surgical time and decreased postoperative morbidity. The grafted area was allowed 6 months of healing time. Follow‐up radiographs showed the stability of the graft followed by dental implant placement. The dental implants were functionally loaded, and successful implant esthetics and function achieved.ConclusionCustom allogeneic block grafts could provide a promising innovative method for optimal ridge augmentation.Why are these cases new information?

Less invasive procedure as an alternative conventional two‐stage block augmentation.
More predictable outcome due to customized block graft.
What are the keys to successful management of these cases?

It is important determining the type of bone defect.
Vertical and horizontal bone loss.
Primary closure.
What are the primary limitations to success in these cases?

Limited data from prospective clinical trials documenting the effectiveness of custom allogeneic block grafts.
Limited data are available to confirm accuracy of the CAD/CAM process.
Passive flap closure is needed.
The teacher education curriculum and its competency‐based education attributes
Authors: Tarmo Albert , Kimaro Aurelia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis paper reports on a study that analyzed the Diploma in Secondary Education (DSE) curriculum in Tanzania to establish its competency‐based education (CBE) attributes. The attributes of the curriculum and whether these reflect the basic principles of CBE are critical to successful implementation at the classroom level.MethodsA Qualitative Content Analysis method was used to analyze purposively sampled DSE curriculum documents such as the curriculum of the diploma in teacher education program, Biology and Geography academic and pedagogy syllabi for the DSE etc. to establish the program's CBE attributes.FindingsThe analysis established that the DSE program is characterized by a mixture of diametrically contradictory attributes, some of which reflect traditional content‐based education and others that are more aligned with the CBE model.ConclusionWe concluded that, by maintaining attributes of both traditional and competency‐based education models, the DSE program could self‐constrain its implementation at the classroom level.
Conferred with a new life: A case report of management of a severe midface trauma and subsequent oral rehabilitation
Authors: Pournabi Alireza , Moslemi Hamidreza , Shafiei Shervin , Dastgir Ramtin , Abbasi Kamyar , Alam Mostafa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMaxillofacial traumas have been associated with 14%‐17% of all facial injuries. The most common etiology of mid‐facial traumas is motor vehicle accidents followed by interpersonal assaults. The devastating nature of maxillofacial defects makes reconstruction of the midface challenging, due to multiple required surgeries and extensive rehabilitation phase. The midface has been defined as the area between the zygomaticofrontal sutures and the maxillary occlusal plane. Midface traumas are significantly more challenging to manage compared to isolated facial since there is limited intact and unharmed framework to guide with anatomic reductions. Therefore, the appropriate surgical approach to a maxillofacial trauma must follow a systematic scheme. Besides, one of the main consequences of maxillofacial traumas is destruction of the teeth and teeth bearing alveolar bone. Oral rehabilitation utilizing dental implants of these patients must be considered to provide the higher quality of life. Here, we report the management and further oral rehabilitation of a case suffering severe midface trauma following a motor vehicle accident where the patient was hit by a lorry.
Azathioprine‐induced severe myelosuppression accompanied by massive hair loss and painful oral ulcer in an autoimmune hepatitis patient with NUDT15 minor variant: A case report
Authors: Takeuchi Yu , Noritake Hidenao , Matsumoto Moe , Umemura Masahiro , Yamashita Maho , Kitsugi Kensuke , Takatori Shingo , Ohta Kazuyoshi , Ito Jun , Shimoyama Shin , Kaysuya Akira , Maruyama Chiaki , Fukuchi Kensuke , Dohtan Satoshi , Sakata Hiroe , Kawata Kazuhito 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis report highlights azathioprine‐induced severe myelosuppression in the patient with NUDT15 minor variant. This case report is particularly instructive because several typical symptoms are the clues to this critical adverse drug reaction.
Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor as rescue therapy in a patient with the cystic fibrosis genotype F508DEL/G1244E
Authors: Salvatore Donatello , Colangelo Carmela , D’Andria Michele , Marsicovetere Giovanni , Passarella Domenica 
Published: August 2021

AbstractElexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) is a cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane regulator (CFTR) modulator. It is known to be efficacious in stable patients with severe pneumopathy, but there are few data concerning its effectiveness during acute exacerbations. We here describe its use in a woman with CF and respiratory failure.
Non‐recurrent laryngeal nerve and arteria lusoria: Rare and little known association
Authors: Mediouni Azza , Sayedi Hela , Chahed Houda , Besbes Ghazi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNon‐recurrent Laryngeal nerve is constantly associated with Arteria Lusoria. Knowing this association is the basis of predicting this condition preoperatively. Ultrasonography assessment before thyroid and parathyroid surgery should include identification of brachiocephalic trunk division. Absence of its visualization indicates Arteria Lusoria and then non‐recurrent laryngeal nerve.
Determining the Overpotential of Electrochemical Fuel Synthesis Mediated by Molecular Catalysts: Recommended Practices, Standard Reduction Potentials, and Challenges
Authors: Stratakes Bethany M. , Dempsey Jillian L. , Miller Alexander J. M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMolecular catalysts capable of performing electrochemical transformations are frequently utilized in the synthesis of fuels. A common benchmark for evaluating catalysts for electrochemical reactions is overpotential (η) and minimizing η remains an active goal in catalysis. This Review details approaches for the determination of thermodynamic potentials for common fuel‐forming reactions and for the determination of electrochemical overpotential, and underscores the need to employ methods that enable meaningful comparisons between molecular catalysts. Strategies for minimizing overpotential while maintaining high activity are highlighted.
[(C C)Au(N N)]+ Complexes as a New Family of Anticancer Candidates: Synthesis, Characterization and Exploration of the Antiproliferative Properties
Authors: Khodjoyan Silva , Remadna Edwyn , Dossmann Héloïse , Lesage Denis , Gontard Geoffrey , Forté Jérémy , Hoffmeister Henrik , Basu Uttara , Ott Ingo , Spence Philip , Waller Zoë A. E. , Salmain Michèle , Bertrand Benoît 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA library of eleven cationic gold(III) complexes of the general formula [(C C)Au(N N)]+ when C C is either biphenyl or 4,4’‐ditertbutyldiphenyl and N N is a bipyridine, phenanthroline or dipyridylamine derivative have been synthesized and characterized. Contrasting effects on the viability of the triple negative breast cancer cells MDA‐MB‐231 was observed from a preliminary screening. The antiproliferative activity of the seven most active complexes were further assayed on a larger panel of human cancer cells as well as on non‐cancerous cells for comparison. Two complexes stood out for being either highly active or highly selective. Eventually, reactivity studies with biologically meaningful amino acids, glutathione, higher order DNA structures and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) revealed a markedly different behavior from that of the well‐known coordinatively isomeric [(C N C)Au(NHC)]+ structure. This makes the [(C C)Au(N N)]+ complexes a new class of organogold compounds with an original mode of action.
Metal‐Stabilized [B8H8]2− Derivatives with Dodecahedral Structure in the Solid and Solution States: [(Cp2MBH3)2B8H6] (Cp=η5‐C5H5; M=Zr (1‐Zr) and Hf (1‐Hf)).
Authors: Kar Sourav , Bairagi Subhash , Joshi Gaurav , Jemmis Eluvathingal D. , Ghosh Sundargopal 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDespite the synthesis and structural characterization of closo‐hydroborate dianions, [BnHn]2− (n=6–12) more than 50 years ago, some ambiguity remains about the structure of [B8H8]2−. Although the solid‐state structure of [B8H8]2− was established by single‐crystal X‐ray studies in 1969, fast rearrangements in solution at accessible temperatures prevented its detailed characterization. We therefore stabilized a derivative of [B8H8]2− by using Cp2MBH3 and structurally characterized two new octaborane analogues, [(Cp2MBH3)2B8H6] (Cp=η5‐C5H5; M=Zr (1‐Zr) and Hf (1‐Hf)), so that the dynamics of the B8 skeleton were arrested. The solid‐state structures of both 1‐Zr and 1‐Hf comprise a dodecahedron core protected by {Cp2MBH3} moieties on both sides of the cluster. Spectroscopic characterization (11B NMR) validates the intactness of the B8 dodecahedron core in solution as well. Theoretical calculations establish that the two exo‐{Cp2MBH3} fragments provide structural and electronic structural stability to the B8 core and its intact dodecahedral dianionic nature. Furthermore, we propose isodesmic equations for the formation of higher analogues of the Bn core (n>8) guarded by different group 4 transition metals. Our analysis suggests that, as we move to higher polyhedra (n>10), the formation becomes unfavourable irrespective of metal.
Alexithymia, dissociation and emotional regulation in eating disorders: Evidence of improvement through specialized inpatient treatment
Authors: Meneguzzo Paolo , Garolla Alice , Bonello Elisa , Todisco Patrizia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe research into emotional regulation in eating disorders (EDs) has shown specific impairments and maladaptive coping strategies in patients, and there is an increasing interest in the role of the emotional domain in the treatment outcome. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a specialized inpatient treatment characterized by both an intensive and comprehensive standardized multidisciplinary programme based on cognitive–behavioural therapy and a flexible and personalized component implemented by third‐wave interventions. A cohort of 67 female ED patients (anorexia nervosa = 28, bulimia nervosa = 28 and binge eating disorder = 11) underwent an evaluation of emotional regulation difficulties, alexithymia and dissociative symptomatology at admission to a specialized ED ward. The psychological modifications were subsequently re‐evaluated upon discharge, after an inpatients treatment of 60 days, examining specific changes in the specific psychopathology. A significant improvement after specialized ED treatment was shown in alexithymia, emotional regulation difficulties and dissociation symptoms, with higher effect sizes in patients with higher alexithymia scores. As regards the specific effect of the psychological improvement, changes into alexithymia scores have shown specific correlations with ED psychopathology (p < 0.010) and with difficulties in emotional regulation (p < 0.010) in patients with higher alexithymia levels at admission. Emotional regulation and dissociation should therefore be evaluated in ED patients and may be improved with specific therapeutic approaches, while alexithymia remains a clinical trait, even with a significant reduction.
Application of a new scan body for face‐driven fixed prosthetics
Authors: Otawa Naruto , Aoki Tsukasa , Sumida Tomoki , Yanagi Tsukasa , Kido Hirofumi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe current method of digitally designing dental prostheses mainly focuses on intra‐oral soft and hard tissues, although the harmony of the facial soft tissue and the prosthesis is crucial, especially for esthetics. Here, we introduce a new method of digitally designing dental prostheses using a new device that generates a virtual patient and incorporates facial features into the prosthetic design.Materials and methodsA new extra‐oral scan body for facial scanning was designed and developed. A definitive edentulous maxilla implant cast with four extra‐oral scan bodies (regions: maxillary left and right lateral incisors, maxillary left and right premolars) was placed in the mouth of a dental mannequin. The dental mannequin was scanned with and without the extra‐oral scan bodies. For reference data, an impression of the maxilla was taken and scanned with a laboratory scanner. By superimposing each acquired data, a virtual patient was generated, and the spatial location of the abutments relative to the face was clarified. Identifying the accurate location of the abutments enabled to design face‐driven dental prosthesis.ResultsBased on the color‐coded deviation map created by the data acquired from conventional and extra‐oral scan bodies, the divergence of the two data was mostly within 0.1 mm, which proves that the extra‐oral scan bodies were as accurate as conventional scan bodies. Therefore, the facial scan data and the scan data of the oral cavity were successfully superimposed, which allowed to generate a virtual patient to design face‐driven prosthesis.ConclusionThe new method is effective for designing high‐quality face‐driven prostheses, especially when treating a patient with a full‐arch implant‐fixed prosthesis.
Risk factors of re‐bleeding within a year in colonic diverticular bleeding patients
Authors: Gonai Takahiro , Toya Yosuke , Kawasaki Keisuke , Yanai Shunichi , Akasaka Risaburo , Nakamura Shotaro , Matsumoto Takayuki 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground/AimsAlthough colonic diverticular bleeding (CDB) is common, few reports have described the effects of antithrombotic agents (ATs) on CDB. This study aimed to clarify the risk factors of re‐bleeding within a year in CDB patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the risk of re‐bleeding in CDB patients. Among 324 patients who were hospitalized for acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding at our institution during the period from 2015 to 2019, we used 76 patients who were diagnosed as CDB. Risk factors for re‐bleeding were determined by Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsOf 76 patients analyzed, 32 were taking ATs, nine of whom were taking multiple agents. Twenty‐six patients re‐bled within a year. Compared with the patients without re‐bleeding, patients with re‐bleeding within a year had been treated by antithrombotic therapy more frequently (62% vs. 32%, p = 0.013). Cox proportional hazard model revealed that treatment with ATs (hazard ratio 3.89, 95% confidence interval 1.53–10.74, p = 0.004) was an independent risk factor for re‐bleeding within a year.ConclusionATs were found to be an independent risk factor related to re‐bleeding within a year in patients with CDB.
Endoscopic full‐thickness resection of an esophageal leiomyoma located in close proximity to the azygos vein
Authors: Shiwaku Hironari , Okada Hiroki , Shiwaku Akio , Tanaka Keita , Shimaoka Hideki , Maki Kenji , Yoshimura Fumihiro , Hasegawa Suguru 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThird‐space endoscopic techniques, such as peroral endoscopic tumor resection (POET) and submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER), enable access to deep organs and tissues that have been previously inaccessible with an endoscope. We present a 29‐year‐old man with a submucosal tumor (40 × 25 mm) located at 5 o'clock in the upper thoracic esophagus. Histological diagnosis by endoscopic ultrasound–fine needle aspiration was leiomyoma. Computed tomography showed the azygos vein posterior to the tumor. However, because endoscopic ultrasound revealed space between them, POET was performed. Because the tumor originated from the deep layer of the muscularis propria, full‐thickness resection was performed to achieve R0 resection. The azygos vein arch was seen through the mediastinal space after tumor enucleation. The final histopathological diagnosis was leiomyoma. POET is a potentially revolutionary endoscopic technique that enables full‐thickness resection of nonepithelial lesions. Preoperative computed tomography or endoscopic ultrasound to determine peritumoral anatomy is important to ensure safety. During the procedure, it is important to operate under direct vision, accurately identify the tumor boundary, and dissect along the boundary to avoid damaging the tumor and surrounding structures.