bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between energy intake under‐reporting and previous professional nutritional counselling in low‐income women with obesity: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Praxedes Dafiny Rodrigues Silva , Pureza Isabele Rejane Oliveira Maranhão , Vasconcelos Laís Gomes Lessa , da Silva Júnior André Eduardo , Macena Mateus de Lima , Florêncio Telma Maria de Menezes Toledo , Melo Ingrid Sofia Vieira de , Bueno Nassib Bezerra 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIt is unclear if individuals who have previously been counselled by nutrition professionals are more prone to subsequently under‐report their energy intake. This study aimed to determine whether there is an association between energy intake under‐reporting and previous professional nutritional counselling for weight control in low‐income women with obesity. This is a cross‐sectional study. Adult women (19–44 years old in Brazil) with obesity, living in a household classified as the lowest economic strata, were included. Energy intake (EI) was identified using 24‐h food records (for three non‐consecutive days, including a weekend day. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was assessed using indirect calorimetry and triaxial accelerometers. Individuals with EI:TEE ratio below 0.65 were considered as under‐reporters. Participants were also asked if they had been previously counselled by a nutrition professional for their obesity treatment. Association was calculated using a multivariable model, adjusted for age, bodyweight, height, education and body fat. The sample consisted of 58 women, with a mean age of 33 years and a body mass index of 32.51 kg/m2. Among total participants, 20 (34.5%) women had undergone previous professional nutritional counselling, and 21 (36.2%) under‐reported their EI. Women who had already had some counselling with a nutrition professional had a higher adjusted prevalence of under‐reporting their EI [adjusted prevalence ratio: 2.58; 95% CI (1.27; 5.25), p = 0.008]. Low‐income women with obesity who had undergone previous professional nutritional counselling for weight loss showed a higher prevalence of under‐reporting their EI.
Early shaming experiences and psychological distress: The role of experiential avoidance and self‐compassion
Authors: Farr Jordan , Ononaiye Margo , Irons Chris 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesEarly shaming experiences have been suggested to be associated with later psychopathological symptoms. Understanding this relationship is complex, due to a number of psychological processes potentially influencing this. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to further explore the nature of the mediating effect of experiential avoidance in the association between early shame experiences and psychological distress, and whether self‐compassion moderates this relationship by mitigating the effects of this.DesignA cross‐sectional design was conducted using self‐report measures of early shaming experiences, experiential avoidance, self‐compassion, and psychological distress.MethodAn online study of 556 participants, comprised of participants from the general population and university students participated within this online study.ResultsThe moderated mediation model explained 51% of variance within depressive symptoms. Experiential avoidance was found to mediate the association between early shaming experiences and depressive symptoms. This mediating relationship was shown to be moderated by self‐compassion, with higher levels of self‐compassion being associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms across all levels of experiential avoidance levels (low, medium, and high).ConclusionThese findings suggest that self‐compassion may play a significant buffering role within attenuating the effects of experiential avoidance associated with depressive symptoms. Such findings present important clinical and theoretical implications in further understanding the protective role of self‐compassion within early shaming experiences and the relationship between depressive symptoms.Practitioner pointsEarly shaming experiences have been linked to later psychological distress.Experiential avoidance identified a core underlying psychological process in the relationship between early shaming experiences and psychological distress.Self‐compassion offers a range of protective features that may alleviate the effects of experiential avoidance and depressive symptoms.Self‐compassion‐based interventions that target experiential avoidance may offer greater reductions within depressive symptoms.
Advances in practical feed formulation and adoption for hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatus♂) aquaculture
Authors: Nankervis Leo , Cobcroft Jennifer M. , Nguyen Nguyen V. , Rimmer Michael A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGrouper aquaculture is currently trending towards production of hybrids, due to their improved growth and disease resistance. The predominant cross is between tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) females and giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus) males (TGGG). Sustainable TGGG aquaculture development is limited by reliance on wild‐caught ‘trash’ fish as feed rather than commercially formulated feeds. Specific TGGG nutrient requirement values remain limited, especially for larger fish that consume the highest volumes of feed. This limits the effectiveness of formulated feeds to provide optimal growth and feed conversion in an economically efficient manner. This review examines the current knowledge of hybrid grouper nutrient requirements for grow‐out feeds and identifies knowledge gaps to inform further research that will enable development of cost‐effective feeds that optimize fish growth, feed conversion and health. Current best practice in TGGG feeds specifies a relatively high protein requirement (53.5% crude protein), with higher arginine and lower lysine requirements than previously reported for grouper species. Like other groupers, the hybrid appears to require low lipid levels (10–14%); however, it remains to be elucidated whether this increases significantly with body size. The nutrient requirement data within this review provide a starting point for development of specific hybrid grouper feeds. However, commercialization of such feeds requires better understanding of the socio‐economic context of the target industry. While formulated feeds may be more cost‐effective, their implementation is limited by inferior growth compared with ‘trash’ fish. Performance gains are expected through increased understanding of size‐specific nutrient requirements and specific raw material quality criteria.
Interpretation of ground magnetic data in Suyoc, Mankayan Mineral District, Philippines
Authors: Arellano Creszyl Joy J. , Armada Leo T. , Dimalanta Carla B. , Queaño Karlo L. , Andal Eric S. , Yumul Graciano P. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractGround magnetic surveys conducted in Suyoc, Mankayan, Benguet led to the delineation of features related to epithermal and porphyry copper targets in the area. High reduced to equator (RTE) anomalies are observed in areas with epithermal mineralization. The high RTE anomalies are attributed to hydrothermally altered rock with quartz veins. The previously recognized porphyry copper prospect in Palasaan (Mohong Hill) is characterized by low RTE anomaly surrounded by a high RTE anomaly. One explanation for this signature is the possible presence of a magnetic core and the destruction or absence of magnetite in the alteration haloes at the periphery of a porphyry prospect. Areas such as Mangga and Liten exhibit the same magnetic signatures. This distinct magnetic pattern coupled with observed alteration and mineralization signatures led to the interpretation of prospective blind porphyry deposits in these localities. Results of the study reveal the applicability of ground magnetic data in characterizing and extracting a potential area of mineralized zones at a regional scale.
Evaluation of a multimodal rehabilitative palliative care programme for patients with high‐grade glioma and their family caregivers
Authors: Nordentoft Sara , Dieperink Karin B. , Johansson Susan D. , Jarden Mary , Piil Karin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients diagnosed with high‐grade glioma and their family caregivers often experience intense disease and treatment trajectories. Fluctuations in patient's symptoms lead to enormous burdens for caregivers and the risk of developing symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression.AimThe study aim is to explore patient and caregiver experiences and evaluate the relevance of and satisfaction with a multimodal rehabilitative palliative care programme for patients diagnosed with a high‐grade glioma and their family caregivers.MethodsIn a longitudinal multi‐methods study, adult patients with high‐grade glioma (n = 17) and their family caregivers (n = 16) completed a 4‐day residential programme and a 2‐day follow‐up programme 3 months later. Participants completed questionnaires after each programme, scoring relevance and satisfaction on a 5‐point Likert scale. Qualitative data were collected during four evaluation group interviews with patients and caregivers.ResultsThe mean overall satisfaction score was 4.80 (standard deviation [SD], 0.55) for the initial 4‐day programme and 4.28 (SD, 0.83) for the follow‐up programme. Three themes emerged in the evaluation group interviews: (1) meeting peers strengthens social well‐being, (2) the value of information and focusing on individual needs, and (3) accepting life as an unpredictable passage.ConclusionParticipants found completing the REHPA‐HGG programme feasible and rated all sessions highly for relevance and satisfaction. Qualitative findings confirm the value of individualised information, acceptance, and peer interactions.Implication for practiceA multimodal rehabilitative palliative care programme addressed unmet patient and caregiver needs. Peer‐to‐peer interventions for family caregivers may address individual support needs. Similar programmes may maximise benefit by avoiding planned behaviour changes and enhancing palliative approaches.
Extracting true stresses and strains from nominal stresses and strains in tensile testing
Authors: Schwab Rainer , Harter Anton 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSeemingly a simple task, the extraction of the flow curve (true stress vs. true plastic strain) from nominal stresses and strains in standard tensile testing still has its unsolved points. This study addresses two of them: (i) in materials without yield point phenomenon (or generally in the region of homogeneous plastic deformation), the true stress is typically calculated assuming constant volume, ignoring the elastic volume changes. Here, we derive a set of exact analytical solutions for true stresses and strains with remarkable simplicity and beauty that fully account for the elastic volume changes. This set of exact solutions is cross‐checked by finite element simulations as well as zeroth‐ and first‐order approximations; perfect agreement has been found. (ii) In materials with a pronounced yield point phenomenon, a complicated three‐dimensional stress state inevitably arises at the edge of the Lüders bands, which masks the real (or inherent) material behaviour. To determine the real material behaviour in the Lüders region, here we use a new macroscopic analytical approach characterised by a high true upper yield point, a typical strain hardening behaviour common for many materials, and the triaxiality of the stress state that inevitably develops at the edges of the Lüders bands and that determines the stress level at the observed lower yield point. This approach is verified by experiments (including video observations as well as digital image correlation (DIC) strain distribution measurements) and finite element simulations with very good agreement.
Chemical composition of cover crops and soil organic matter pools in no‐tillage systems in the Cerrado
Authors: de Carvalho Arminda Moreira , Ribeiro Luana Ramos Passos , Marchão Robélio Leandro , de Oliveira Alexsandra Duarte , Pulrolnik Karina , de Figueiredo Cícero Célio 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn no‐tillage systems (NTS), cover crops are recommended to increase the productivity of agricultural systems. Furthermore, a greater diversity of cover crops in NTS favours an increase in soil carbon (C) stocks. However, there are scarce published data on the relationship between the chemical composition of cover crops and the accumulation of labile and stable fractions of SOM. We evaluated the relationship between the chemical composition of cover crops and SOM fractions, C stocks and maize yield. Hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin contents were determined for Urochloa ruziziensis, Canavalia brasiliensis, Cajanus cajan and Sorghum bicolor, cultivated in the off‐season of maize. Canavalia brasiliensis had high N (20.96 g kg−1) and hemicellulose (185.67 g kg−1) contents, lower lignin content (39.50 g kg−1) and high dry matter yield (3,251 kg ha−1). All these characteristics resulted in a better SOM quality. Urochloa ruziziensis, with higher hemicellulose and lower lignin contents, and low lignin/N ratio, was associated with accumulation of TOC (19.95 and 18.33 g kg−1 in 0‐ to 10‐cm and 10‐ to 20‐cm layers, respectively) and mineral‐associated organic C (on average, 16.68 g kg−1) in the soil. Cover plants with N:lignin ratio lower than 2.0 are fundamental for soil C sequestration. In conclusion, it is recommended the adoption of Urochloa ruziziensis and Canavalia brasiliensis as cover plants improve maize production, soil organic matter quality and C sequestration in the Cerrado region.
Discovering experimental design: An interactive teaching exercise using Fisher'stea‐tastingexperiment
Authors: Fanshawe Thomas R. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAn appreciation of experimental design is an important aspect of introductory statistics teaching in a wide range of applied disciplines, including medical statistics. Understanding the impact of design decisions on the choice of analysis method and subsequent interpretation of results can help to embed the importance of statistical thinking in the experimental process. I discuss an interactive exercise, based on R.A. Fisher's celebrated “Lady Tasting Tea” experiment, that is intended to raise awareness of design issues as part of an undergraduate statistics module. The exercise used a discovery approach, with students encouraged to identify design issues and agree on solutions themselves via small group discussion, with only low‐level prompting from the instructor. The value of this teaching style and possible extensions of the tea‐tasting experiment to other related topics suitable for more widespread use are also discussed.
The value of single or combined use of pleural fluid interferon gamma release assay in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy
Authors: Tong Xiang , Li Zhenzhen , Zhao Junjie , Liu Sitong , Fan Hong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTuberculous pleurisy (TP) is a common disease of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, but its diagnosis is challenging. Recently, studies have found that the pleural fluid interferon gamma release assay (PF‐IGRA) has important diagnostic value in TP, but the sample size of these studies was small, and the conclusions were inconsistent. Therefore, this study evaluated the diagnostic value of PF‐IGRA in TP through a meta‐analysis.MethodsWe conducted a literature search in multiple databases to identify studies and calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC).ResultsAll 26 publications, including 30 case–control studies, were eventually included in the meta‐analysis. The results showed that the pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR and AUC with their 95% confidence intervals were 0.90 (0.88–0.91), 0.87 (0.85–0.89), 7.64 (4.46–13.07), 0.13 (0.09–0.19), 65.45 (32.13–133.33) and 0.9508, respectively. The subgroup analysis suggested that the sensitivity, specificity and AUC of PF‐IGRA for TP in areas with a high tuberculosis burden were significantly higher than those in areas with a low tuberculosis burden. The sensitivity and AUC of the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method were higher than those of the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method for IGRA, but the specificity was similar. More importantly, PF‐IGRA combined with adenosine deaminase (ADA) could increase the diagnostic value of TP.ConclusionsThe current meta‐analysis indicated that PF‐IGRA has high diagnostic value in diagnosing TP, especially in areas with a high TB burden. We recommended that the combination of PF‐IGRA and ADA is the best way to diagnose TP.
Thinking Tools: Gestures Change Thought About Time
Authors: Tversky Barbara , Jamalian Azadeh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOur earliest tools are our bodies. Our hands raise and turn and toss and carry and push and pull, our legs walk and climb and kick allowing us to move and act in the world and to create the multitude of artifacts that improve our lives. The list of actions made by our hands and feet and other parts of our bodies is long. What is more remarkable is we turn those actions in the world into actions on thought through gestures, language, and graphics, thereby creating cognitive tools that expand the mind. The focus here is gesture; gestures transform actions on perceptible objects to actions on imagined thoughts, carrying meaning with them rapidly, precisely, and directly. We review evidence showing that gestures enhance our own thinking and change the thought of others. We illustrate the power of gestures in studies showing that gestures uniquely change conceptions of time, from sequential to simultaneous, from sequential to cyclical, and from a perspective embedded in a timeline to an external perspective looking on a timeline, and by so doing obviate the ambiguities of an embedded perspective. We draw parallels between representations in gesture and in graphics; both use marks or actions arrayed in space to communicate more immediately than symbolic language.
The effect of storage at 4°C on canine‐specific albumin on product sterility and albumin concentration
Authors: Mastrocco Alicia , Cazzolli Dava , Prittie Jennifer 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo determine if lyophilized canine‐specific albumin (CSA) can be stored beyond the manufacturer recommended 6 hours post‐reconstitution without significant concern for bacterial growth.DesignLaboratory research.SettingLarge private teaching hospital.InterventionsSix bottles of lyophilized CSA were retrieved from a medical grade (4°C) refrigerator and were reconstituted with 0.9% NaCl to a 5% solution. Time to complete dissolution of all bottles at room temperature without agitation was recorded in minutes. A 1.5‐mL sample was collected from each bottle at the following time points: time 0 (at the time of complete dissolution), and then 6, 12, and 24 hours after removal from 4°C. Each aliquot was inoculated into a blood culture tube and was immediately submitted for aerobic and anaerobic bacterial culture. A positive and negative control were cultured at the 24‐hour time point. At each time point, an additional 0.5‐mL aliquot from each albumin bottle was collected, and these were combined to determine the average albumin concentration (g/L, g/dL) as measured by an in‐house analyzer. The albumin was stored at 4°C between sample collection.Measurements and Main ResultsThe reconstitution of CSA and storage at 4°C for up to 24 hours did not result in anaerobic or aerobic bacterial growth in any of the 24 cultured samples. Storage did not have a clinically significant effect on the albumin concentration of the solution. The average albumin concentration of all samples was 42 g/L (4.2 g/dL). No growth was noted in the negative control, and the positive control grew 4 strains of bacteria.ConclusionsIt appears safe to use lyophilized CSA up to 24 hours post‐reconstitution without significant risk of bacterial growth or change in albumin concentration.
Thoracoscopic detection of thoracic ducts after ultrasound‐guided intrahepatic injection of indocyanine green detected by near‐infrared fluorescence and methylene blue in dogs
Authors: Korpita Megan F. , Mayhew Philipp D. , Steffey Michele A. , Balsa Ingrid M. , Giuffrida Michelle A. , Chohan Amandeep S. , Johnson Eric G. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo describe and compare onset and intensity of thoracic duct (TD) coloration in healthy dogs after intrahepatic injection of either indocyanine green (ICG) visualized by intraoperative near‐infrared fluorescence lymphography (NIRFL) or direct thoracoscopic visualization of methylene blue dye (MB).Study DesignProspective study.AnimalsHealthy adult Beagle dogs (n = 5).MethodsAll dogs had biochemical panels and complete blood counts preoperatively. Computed tomography lymphography (CTL) was performed prior to a standard 3‐port thoracoscopic approach. A mixture of MB and ICG was injected by ultrasound‐guided percutaneous injection into right or left‐sided hepatic lobes. Data collected included dose of contrast agent (MB vs. ICG), injection site, timing, and quality of operative TD identification. Potential hepatic injury was assessed by repeat laboratory evaluation and abdominal ultrasound 14 days postoperatively.ResultsPreoperative CTL provided a diagnostic study in 5/5 dogs. After intrahepatic injection of combined dyes, NIRFL allowed visualization of TDs in 5/5 dogs, but MB did not result in visible TD coloration in any dog. Intrahepatic injection of ICG achieved successful NIRFL in a median time of 6 minutes and persisted for the 20 minute observation period in all five dogs. All dogs recovered without complication and were subsequently adopted.ConclusionNIRFL of the TD can be achieved with intraoperative hepatic injection of ICG. Intrahepatic injection of MB did not result in visible TD coloration.Clinical SignificanceHepatic intra‐parenchymal injection is a reliable alternative portal into the TD system for intraoperative visualization of TD anatomy using ICG in dogs.
Feasibility and Acceptability of a Neonatal Project ECHO (NeoECHO) as a Dissemination and Implementation Strategy to Prevent Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Authors: Gephart Sheila M. , Newnam Katherine , Weiss Alyssa , Wyles Christina , Shea Kimberly 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundCaregivers in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) often determine care practices in silos, although access to learning communities can improve quality. Project ECHO, a telehealth–delivered mentoring intervention, provides specialists’ expertise but not in the NICU until now. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) prevention and timely recognition is one area where specialist support and engaging with a learning community could improve outcomes. NEC‐Zero is one care bundle that aims to improve care quality by providing tools to implement NEC prevention in family‐engaged ways.AimsTo examine the feasibility and acceptability of NeoECHO to disseminate NEC‐Zero education and describe the intentions of internal facilitators (IFs) and clinicians to initiate quality improvement changes.MethodsThis was a convergent mixed‐methods study. Our team delivered the first neonatal adaptation of Project ECHO called “NeoECHO” to leverage facilitation as an implementation strategy to disseminate NEC‐Zero evidence and support practice change.ResultsSix IFs and seven NICUs participated. All units and IFs that began the series finished it. Of the 261 session attendees, 206 (79%) study evaluations were completed. Of those who completed evaluations, 89 (100%) completed at least one session and 29 (33%) completed three or more. Satisfaction was high. Participants appreciated the engaged and accessible format to learn from experts using real case examples and didactic sessions. Individuals and IFs reported intentions to adopt evidence based on NeoECHO.Linking Evidence to ActionNeoECHO was an acceptable and feasible way to engage under‐resourced NICUs and share NEC‐Zero evidence and tools. More research is needed to examine the impact of NeoECHO on care processes and patient outcomes.