bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EU-Osterweiterung und symbolische Grenzziehungen: Eine qualitative Fallstudie der Beamt*innen der Europäischen Kommission
Authors: Drewski Daniel 
Published: April 2021

Zusammenfassung
Im Zuge des europäischen Integrationsprozesses sind zahlreiche europäische soziale Felder und Organisationen entstanden, in denen Akteur*innen aus den unterschiedlichen EU-Mitgliedstaaten regelmäßig miteinander interagieren und kooperieren. Aktuelle Debatten werfen jedoch erneut die im Kontext der EU-Osterweiterung diskutierte Frage auf, ob diese zu einer Erschwerung der Zusammenarbeit innerhalb der europäischen Institutionen sowie zu einer Abnahme der Kohäsion der EU geführt hat. Dieser Beitrag widmet sich den Folgen der Osterweiterung für die Europäische Kommission und untersucht die Aushandlung symbolischer Grenzziehungen zwischen Beamt*innen aus den „alten/westlichen“ und „neuen/östlichen“ EU-Mitgliedstaaten. Auf der Grundlage von Leitfadeninterviews wird gezeigt, dass die regionale Herkunft kein explizites Grenzziehungskriterium darstellt. Dennoch werden wahrgenommene Unterschiede in Bezug auf Karrierechancen, Organisationskulturen, sprachliche Präferenzen und Berufsethiken durch Rückgriff auf die regionale Herkunft interpretiert.
Stakeholders’ interactions in managing water resources conflicts: a case of Lake Naivasha, Kenya
Authors: Renner Julia , Opiyo Francis 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Recent years have seen unprecedented pressure from numerous water stakeholders with different interests in Lake Naivasha basin, the only freshwater lake in the Great Rift Valley of Kenya. The pressure on this water resource results in high competition over access to water source, unsustainable resources management practices, poor water quality, and emergence of conflicts between institutions and its users. Presently, there is a knowledge gap and paucity of information on water resources stakeholders’ interactions in Lake Naivasha basin. This study, therefore, analyses the ways resource stakeholders interact and play in the conflict dynamic, and ultimately propose a better water resource use and management approaches. Drawing on field assessments, individual interviews, focus group discussion, and secondary literature reviews, this paper illustrates how both local, national and multi-national stakeholders interact and contribute to water resources conflicts. Results suggest unclear county and national institutional structures, fragmented land use activities and ownership, a feeling of marginalization by the local population contributing to resource-based conflict within the lake basin. A comprehensive policy framework and enforcement of existing regulations will ensure there is sustainable water access, reduce conflicts and enhance sustainable water resource governance and use of the lake.
Na2La4(NH2)14·NH3, a lanthanum-rich intermediate in the ammonothermal synthesis of LaN and the effect of ammonia loss on the crystal structure
Authors: Kunkel Sebastian , Niewa Rainer 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Single crystals of Na2La4(NH2)14·NH3 were obtained from supercritical ammonia under ammonobasic conditions at a temperature of 573 K and 120 MPa pressure. It represents a lanthanum-rich intermediate in the ammonothermal synthesis of LaN. Upon aging, the title compound loses the crystal ammonia, resulting in pale crystals of Na2La4(NH2)14, the original space group P212121 being retained in a very similar unit cell. However, the crystal structure reacts to subtle changes in the composition as well as to the modified coordination of particularly the sodium cations interconnecting lanthanum amide layers within a third dimension. Results of Raman spectroscopic studies are reported. The observations of thermal analysis measurements indicating the formation of lanthanum nitride, in combination with the observed retrograde solubility in liquid ammonia, contribute to the knowledge of the ammonothermal crystal growth of lanthanum nitride.
Horizontal Force-Velocity-Power Profiling of Rugby Players: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Competition-Level and Position-Specific Movement Demands
Authors: Watkins Casey M. , Storey Adam , McGuigan Michael R. , Downes Paul , Gill Nicholas D. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Watkins, CM, Storey, A, McGuigan, MR, Downes, P, and Gill, ND. Horizontal force-velocity-power profiling of rugby players: A cross-sectional analysis of competition-level and position-specific movement demands. J Strength Cond Res 35(6): 1576–1585, 2021—Speed and acceleration are crucial to competitive success in all levels of rugby union. However, positional demands affect an athlete's expression of force and velocity during the match. This study investigated maximal sprint performance and horizontal force-velocity (FV) profiles in 176 rugby union players participating in amateur club, professional, and international competitions. Rugby players were divided into 5 positional groups: tight-5 forwards (n = 63), loose forwards (n = 35), inside backs (n = 29), midbacks (n = 22), and outside (n = 27) backs. Sprint performance was averaged across 2 trials of a maximal 30-m sprint, separated by a 3-minute rest. The results demonstrated differences in sprint performance and FV profile characteristics across competitions and positional groups. Specifically, both international and professional players possessed significantly faster split times and superior FV profiles than club players (p < 0.01; effect size [ES]: 0.22–1.42). International players were significantly faster across 0–10 m than professional players (p = 0.03; ES: 0.44–0.47), whereas professional players had faster 10–20 m times (p = 0.03; ES: 0.37–0.41) and a more force-dominant profile (p < 0.01; ES: 0.71–1.00). Across positions, split times decreased and maximal velocity characteristics increased in proportion with increasing positional number, with outside backs being the fastest (ES: 0.38–2.22). On the other hand, both forwards groups had more force-dominant profiles and average sprint momentum across all distances than all backs positions. Interestingly, loose forwards had a more forceful profile and slower 10-, 20-, and 30-m split times but similar maximal velocity characteristics to inside backs, highlighting unique positional demands and physical attributes.
The Challenge of Managing Stress Versus Distress
Authors: Kraemer William J. , Nitka Mike 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Being aware of factors that contribute to stress that can lead to “distress” is the first step in optimizing an athlete's environment for optimal training and performance. Distress is the body's inability to successfully cope with external stressors. Whether from a physical perspective of “too much too soon” or nonfunctional overreaching in a conditioning program or from environmental challenges of heat or from psychological challenges related to depression, awareness, assessment, and actions are needed to ensure an athlete's health and wellness. Factors such as nutritional deficiencies and reduced recovery between sessions may increase overall stress possibly leading to overreaching, overtraining, and overuse. Because of the highly individual responses to both training and outside stressors, individualization of programs, monitoring, and interventions are needed. Ultimately, managing athlete stress is a “team approach.”
Multilevel Design in the Implementation of Blended Learning in Nonformal Education Unit
Authors: Shantini Yanti , Hidayat Dayat , Oktiwanti Lesi , Mitsuru Takahashi 
Published: April 2021

CLC as one of the non-formal educational institutions affected by the COVID 19 outbreak must organize online teaching and learning activities under government instructions as an effort to prevent transmission of the COVID 19 pandemic. Lack of experience in conducting online learning makes institutions confused about running the learning process due to educators and managers' limited ability to implement online education. It is necessary to study more deeply what learning strategies CLCs should carry out during the pandemic period. The approach used in this study was a mixed-method with 10 CLC respondents spread across West Java. From the findings in the field, learning at CLC during the pandemic was still ongoing. Tutor only used message applications for delivering learning material and evaluation process. They do not even implement it in the online learning management system. For this reason, CLC can pilot a multilevel blended learning system model. The implementation of the model system starts from institutional management, program management, to learning management by tutors.
Feedback control modulation for controlling chaotic maps
Authors: Hansen Roberta , González Graciela A. 
Published: April 2021

Based on existing feedback control methods such as OGY and Pyragas, alternative new schemes are proposed for stabilization of unstable periodic orbits of chaotic and hyperchaotic dynamical systems by suitable modulation of a control parameter. Their performances are improved with respect to: (i) robustness, (ii) rate of convergences, (iii) reduction of waiting time, (iv) reduction of noise sensitivity. These features are analytically investigated, the achievements are rigorously proved and supported by numerical simulations. The proposed methods result successful for stabilizing unstable periodic orbits in some classical discrete maps like 1-D logistic and standard 2-D Hénon, but also in the hyperchaotic generalized n-D Hénon-like maps.
Total phenolic compounds of irradiated chia seeds
Authors: Chierentin Gabriel Souza , Teixeira Bruna Saporito , Del Mastro Nélida Lucia 
Published: April 2021

Chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.) is a good source of oil, protein, dietary fiber, minerals and polyphenolic compounds. In order to study the influence of the processing methods on the content of phenolic compounds, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of gamma radiation, doses 0-20 kGy, on the total phenolic compounds extracted from chia seeds. Seeds were first defatted and extracts produced with proper solvents. Total phenolic content was determined according to Folin-Ciocalteu’s method and the extraction solvents applied were ethanol 100%, ethanol 70%, ethanol 50%, methanol 100%, methanol 70% and methanol 50%. When using ethanol 100%, ethanol 70 %, ethanol 50%, methanol 100% and methanol 70%, the extraction yield was independent of the absorbed dose. With methanol 50%, the irradiation process affected positively the total phenolic yield from of chia seeds. In general, the absorbed dose as well as the nature of the solvent affected the extraction yield, although in a limited manner.
Development of an automated source port in IoT for application in industrial process tomography
Authors: Vergaças de Sousa Carvalho Diego , Henrique de Mesquita Carlos , Martinez Gregianin Gustavo 
Published: April 2021

Computed tomography technology uses an electromagnetic radiation source or particulate radiation source, to analyze / study different samples that can range from living organisms to the most diverse objects (rocks, phantoms, etc.). The use of the radioactive materials may cause harm to the operator if he is exposed to the source of radiation, so aiming at the safety of the operator, the objective of this work is to develop an Internet of Things automation system for the opening of the Industrial Process Tomography source port for industrial tomography applications. Thus, this system can drive the stepper motors through this platform can be opened at a safe distance to the operator, avoiding the operator to take radiation dose to perform this operation. For the IPT project, five source ports were made so that each was positioned diametrically opposite each array of detectors. In this project we used 192Ir sources that have activity of 18,500 MBq and that were produced in the reactor IEA-R1, from the neutron bombardment of the pellet containing stable isotope 191Ir. The main characteristics of 192Ir are: half-life of 74.2 days; radiation energy from 0.13 to 0.65 MeV. For the safety of the operator during the opening of the sources, an automated opening system with IoT that can be activated with software installed on the tomography or by a smartphone application by the MQTT protocol, which makes it possible to be monitored in real time at long distance showing the opening and closing status of each source port.
Development of a yz scan system for the improvement of an automatic system of radioactive seed implants in prostate brachytherapy
Authors: Silva Leonardo Santiago Melgaço 
Published: April 2021

Brachytherapy is the use of radiotherapy with insertion of radiation sources close to the site that needs treatment. It has become an extremely sought-after option by research fields for its impressive efficiency and practicality. In addition to being a fast-paced procedure, it allows patients to leave hospital care very soon after it is done, without pain or with minor discomfort, which can be considered an advantage.The brachytherapy procedure is divided into two stages, obtaining images of the region where seed implantation will take place and the application itself. The images are obtained by ultrasonography, which will guide the insertion of the needle into the patient's body. During the injection, the patient is anesthetized and immobilized, so that movements that compromise the accuracy of the needle, which, by the current manual method, are already subject to oscillations are avoided.Currently the application of radioactive seeds is done manually by a clinician who uses needles and monitors their positions through the images generated by ultrasound equipment. Thus, the main objective of this project was to improve the prototype of the Prostate Seed Implantation System (SISP), developed by the Nuclear Engineering Department of the UFMG (Nuclear Engineering Department). Thus, the device allows automated scanning on x, y and z axes, facilitating the application of radioactive seeds in prostate brachytherapy treatments, which in current treatments are done manually by the clinician. And the possibility of controlling this movement via BLUETOOTH technology.
The influence of generator eluate in radiolabeling PSMA-11 kit with 68Ga
Authors: Vivaldini Bianca Franchesqueti , De Araújo Elaine Bortoleti 
Published: April 2021

Gaining prominence in clinical practice, the 68Ga, positron emitter radionuclide easily obtained by 68Ge/68Ga generator elution, has shown potential and excellent quality on radiolabeling of peptide for use in positron emission tomography (PET), in particular urea-based inhibitor peptides, directed to the prostate-specific membrane receptor (PSMA). Previous studies with the PSMA linked to the chelator HBED-CC (PSMA-11) radiolabeled with 68Ga showed high contrast PET/CT images to evaluate recurrence and metastasis of prostate cancer, becoming an important imaging agent in the clinical routine. This work intended to evaluate the influence of the quality of the 68Ge/68Ga generator eluate in direct labelling of PSMA-11 with 68Ga, assisting in the development of kit for prompt radiolabeling. It was evaluated the 68GaCl3 eluate from 68Ge/68Ga non-GMP generator (manufacturer A) and 68Ge/68Ga GMP generator (manufacturer B), both commercially available. To evaluate the influence of the 68Ga eluate on radiochemical yield of the preparations, the radiochemical purity was determined by thin layer chromatography and HPLC. The radiolabeling with non-GMP generator eluate was made with and without preliminary purification of the 68 gallium chloride eluate, employing cationic purification columns. The results showed higher radiochemical yield with the 68GaCl3 eluate from the 68Ge/68Ga GMP generator, obtaining the radiolabeled product more easily and speed to clinical practice, without preliminary purification, as opposed to the use of non-GMP 68Ge/68Ga generator which required preliminary purification of the 68GaCl3 eluate to promote satisfactory radiochemical purity results.
Procedure to optimize the solid angle for the colimation of the nai detector used to measure the flow rate in pipelines
Authors: Santos Raphael Francisco Gomes , Brandão Luis Eduardo Barreira , Domingues Alessandro Mariano , Filho Julio Dualibi 
Published: April 2021

The use of radiotracers of product flow ducts from the oil and gas industry allows checking of installed flow meters and knowledge of the flow profile within the duct. The time transient method is older for the flow media and gauging of the flowmeters and lower permanence of the radioactive magazine at two different points. For the oil and gas industry, it is important that there is an average rate of 0.7%, so that this value is reached by a level of necessary care. One of the points is a correct detector / duct geometry at the two measurement points because the quality of the contents depends on the passage across a straight section of the radioactive duct. The present work has the purpose of analyzing the collimation effect of the detector signal during radiotracer during flow in a steel duct using Au198 as the radiotracer. The analysis was carried out using computer simulation using the computational code Microshield, simulating the entire face detector / shielding / collimation system of the NaI detector 2x2" and the fluid being used in conjunction with the system Glycerol in regime of turbulent flow. The study is found in the same way as the radio of the detector in the same distance of the radio reserve from the radio in the entrance to the standard of the ANP.
Analysis of carotenoids in edible flowers of Dianthus chinensis processed by ionizing radiation
Authors: Koike Amanda Cristina Ramos , Araújo Elias Silva , Negrão Bianca Guimarães , Almeida-Murandian Ligia Bicudo de , Villavicencio Anna Lucia Casañas Haasis 
Published: April 2021

The tendency to use edible flowers in gastronomy to add beauty, color, and flavor in food preparation has been increasing in recent years. Several species have active biological substances, which play an important role in health maintenance. This highly perishable food should be grown without the use of pesticides. Thus, several methods are applied to increase the shelf life of food products, as well as ensure their quality and safety. Among the treatments, the food irradiation process has proven to be an effective tool in preserving and extending the shelf life of the perishable product. Dianthus chinensis flowers, popularly known as chinese pink (cravina), belongs to the family Caryophyllaceae, are native to Asia and Europe, are widely used in culinary preparations, is also acknowledged for their bioactive components and antioxidant properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate carotenoids in D. chinensis flowers submitted to gamma irradiation and electron beam doses of 0.5, 0.8, and 1.0 kGy. High performance liquid chromatography was used to carotenoids determination. In the specie of edible flowers analyzed it was found carotenoid lutein (4.02 to x 7.52 mg/ 100 g). In general, the lutein was higher for irradiated samples, especially those treated with 0.8 and 1.0 kGy independently of irradiation technology. Accordingly, the applied irradiation treatments seemed to represent a feasible technology to preserve the quality of edible flower petals.
ПАМ’ЯТЬ СПАЛЬНОГО МІКРОРАЙОНУ: (НЕ) ДЛЯ ТУРИСТІВ
Authors: Петренко-Лисак Алла 
Published: April 2021

Стаття містить аналіз спального мікрорайону з позиції перспектив його трансформацій, як у минулому, так і в майбутньому. Звернуто увагу на спальні мікрорайони передусім пострадянських міст. Це явище розглянуто з економічного, культурного та просторового поглядів у контексті формування пам’яті про місце в місті та в повсякденному житті окремого соціального суб’єкта – мешканця мікрорайону в його біографічному значенні, як елементу ідентичності. Локальна ідентичність почасти має вагоміше значення для людини, ніж державна або національна. Мешканці поселень загалом досить позитивно оцінюють середовище свого повсякденного існування, ніж сторонні спостерігачі та аналітики, які іноді є доволі упередженими в оцінках. Потрібно формувати оптику аналізу не суто з позицій т. зв. найкращого досвіду, а із зануренням у специфіку місцевої історії та повсякденних життєвих практик.
У статті проаналізовано елементи критики спальних районів з позиції адвокації: те, що тривалий час сприймали як негативну характеристику, переосмислено в ракурсі позитивних ефектів і перспектив реновацій. Адже справді є сенс трансформацій соціального простору спальних мікрорайонів, втім поміркованих, з увагою до елементів локального соціокультурного середовища. Зокрема, звернено увагу на той факт, що предикат «спальний» у сучасних реаліях уже не відповідає дійсності й поступово стає рудиментарним, адже так звані спальні мікрорайони перетворюються на житлові масиви, або, як їх називають, «великі житлові комплекси», які охоплюють дрібний бізнес і торгівлю, освітні заклади, спортивні та розважальні локації, розгалужені транспортні системи. Мікрорайони стають просторами широких можливостей для становлення та зміцнення локальних міських громад шляхом розвитку третіх місць – закладів і просторів, що формують комунікаційні зв’язки між місцевими мешканцями в контексті задоволення таких потреб, як дрібні закупівлі товарів, послуги з краси та відпочинку тощо.
Спальні мікрорайони, що були сформовані переважно як «перші місця» (домівки), активно формують пам’ять місцевих – тих, хто проводить там досить значний час свого життя, задовольняє основні потреби комфортного відпочинку та вільного від роботи перебування. Тож, аналізуючи соціальну пам’ять, потрібно звертати увагу і на контексти буденності, які не менш важливі у формуванні ідентичності як складової ширшого контексту – історичної пам’яті.
A Multidisciplinary Quality Improvement Initiative to Facilitate Penicillin Allergy Delabeling Among Hospitalized Pediatric Patients
Authors: Bauer Maureen Egan , MacBrayne Christine , Stein Amy , Searns Justin , Hicks Allison , Sarin Tara , Lin Taylor , Duffey Hannah , Rannie Michael , Wickstrom Kaylee , Yang Cheryl , Bajaj Lalit , Carel Kirstin 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND:
Penicillin allergy is reported in up to 10% of the general population; however, &gt;90% of patients reporting an allergy are tolerant. Patients labeled as penicillin allergic have longer hospital stays, increased exposure to suboptimal antibiotics, and an increased risk of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridioides difficile. The primary aim with our quality improvement initiative was to increase penicillin allergy delabeling to at least 10% among all hospitalized pediatric patients reporting a penicillin allergy with efforts directed toward patients determined to be low risk for true allergic reaction.

METHODS:
Our quality improvement project included several interventions: the development of a multidisciplinary clinical care pathway to identify eligible patients, workflow optimization to support delabeling, an educational intervention, and participation in our institution’s quality improvement incentive program. Our interventions were targeted to facilitate appropriate delabeling by the primary hospital medicine team. Statistical process control charts were used to assess the impact of this intervention pre- and postpathway implementation.

RESULTS:
After implementation of the clinical pathway, the percentage of patients admitted to hospital medicine delabeled of their penicillin allergy by discharge increased to 11.7%. More than one-half of those delabeled (51.2%) received a penicillin-based antimicrobial at time of discharge. There have been no adverse events or allergic reactions requiring emergency medication administration since pathway implementation.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our quality improvement initiative successfully increased the rate of penicillin allergy delabeling among low-risk hospitalized pediatric patients, allowing for increased use of optimal antibiotics.