bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forecasting CO2 Emissions Using a Novel Conformable Fractional Order Discrete Grey Model
Authors: Zhu Peng , Xie Wanli , Shi Yunshen , Pang Mingyong , Shi Yuhui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Accurate and scientific forecasting of carbon dioxide emissions will help make better industrial carbon emission planning so as to promote low-carbon industrial development and achieve sustainable economic growth. For depressing the disturbance of various elements, grey system-based models play an important role in forecasting science. In this paper, we extend the cumulative order from integer order to fractional order based on the discrete gray model, which we call CFDGM (1,1). After introducing the free quantity of the model order, the accuracy of the prevenient grey-based models can be further enhanced. We selected the data for carbon dioxide production by Germany, Japan, and Thailand for modeling. To obtain the optimal order of our grey model, we selected four optimizers to search for the order. The results show that although the search history of the four types of optimizers is different, the search results are the same, which proves that the four types of optimizers are stable and reliable, and the order for which we searched is reliable. By substituting the optimal order into CFDGM (1,1), we obtained the fitting and prediction error of the proposed model. The final results show that a satisfactory fitting effect and forecasting effect is obtained by our proposed model.
Remediation and Biological Activity of Nano Zero-valent Iron Supported by Biomass Carbon on Soil Contaminated With Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers
Authors: Xu Zhen , Song Chao , Zhu Yue , Zhang Chi , Huang Xiaoyue 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are toxic to humans and can easily accumulate in the environment. Nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) and modified NZVI have been developed to remediate PBDE contamination. However, their degradation in soil systems and their microbial toxicity have not been widely explored. In this study, NZVI supported on biomass carbon was applied to remove decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) from contaminated soil. A removal efficiency of 100% was achieved within 384 h as BDE-209 reacted with 0.10 g/g soil biomass carbon NZVI particles (BC–NZVI) at pH 7.00. The reaction followed pseudo-first-order kinetics, and the BDE-209 removal efficiency increased with increasing BC–NZVI dosage and decreasing initial BDE-209 concentration, pH, and moisture content. Biological activity assays (dehydrogenase activity and soil basal respiration) were conducted to provide a preliminary risk assessment of the BC–NZVI application in BDE-209 contaminated soil. The results demonstrate that BC–NZVI has a strong potential for in situ remediation of organic-contaminated soil.
A Rare Case of Facial Multiple Epidermal Cysts: Successfully Treated by Surgical Excision
Authors: Yu Qian , Wang Yanxian , Shi Yuling , Gu Jun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background Epidermal cysts are common skin tumors that are composed of a keratinocytic cyst wall and central keratin material, which can occur anywhere in the body, especially on the face. However, there are no relevant reports of multiple epidermal cysts coexisting at the same location.Case presentation Here, we report one rare case of facial multiple epidermal cysts, who underwent sequential resection of all cysts. A 45-year-old male presented with facial multiple masses for over 2 years. Physical examination showed multiple cysts with varied sizes on the face. All cysts were smooth, dome-shaped, freely movable, and some of them were attached to the skin by a central pore. The histopathology revealed cysts in the dermis, the wall of which were composed of stratified squamous epithelium, and the cavity were filled with keratin. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed as facial multiple epidermal cysts.Conclusions This is the first well-documented case of multiple epidermal cysts on the face. We report this rare case to highlight that although epidermal cysts usually appear single, they may also appear multiple in the same location, especially in those patients with vigorous sebaceous gland function. Surgical excision is the first-line effective treatment for epidermal cysts.
Transforaminal and Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Llumbar Degenerative Diseases, which one is better: A meta-analysis Through a Ggrade Analysis of Evidence
Authors: tian aixian , ma xinlong , Ma jianxiong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTo explore the efficacy and safety between posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases.MethodsWe searched the literature in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. The index words were posterior lumbar interbody fusion, PLIF, transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion, TLIF, lumbar interbody fusion, spinal fusion, degenerative disc disease and lumbar degenerative diseases. Primary outcomes were fusion rate and complications. Secondary outcomes were visual analog scale (ΔVAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ΔODI), total blood loss, operation time and length of hospital stay. Review Manager 5.3 and Stata13.1 was used for the analysis of forest plots, heterogeneity, sensitivity and publication bias.Results17 studies were included (N=1562; PLIF, n=835; TLIF, n=727). The pooled data showed PLIF had a higher complications (P= 0.000), especially in nerve injury (p = 0.003) and dural tear (p = 0.005). PLIF required longer operation time (p = 0.004), more blood loss (p = 0.000) and hospital stays (p = 0.006). Surprisingly subgroup analysis showed there was significant difference in complications in patients under 55 (p = 0.000) and Asian countries (p = 0.000). No statistical difference was found between the two groups with regard to fusion rate (p = 0.593),ΔVAS (p = 0.364) andΔODI (p = 0.237).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis showed there were no significant difference in fusion rate, ΔVAS and ΔODI. However TLIF could reduce complications, especially nerve injury and dural tear. Besides, TLIF was associated with statistically significant less blood loss, shorter operation time and shorter length of hospital stay.
Short-Term Results of Percutaneous Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale Guided By Transoesophageal Echocardiography In Patients With Cryptogenic Stroke: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Guo Yilong , Shi Zhensu , Zheng Yin , Xie Caichan , Yi Jiao , Chen Zelun , Shu Yue , Zhou Dexing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a risk factor for cryptogenic stroke (CS), and interventional therapy for PFO can reduce the recurrence rate of CS. However, interventional therapies are primarily guided by X-ray imaging, and data on regular postsurgical follow-up with the transthoracic ultrasound foaming test (UFT) is rare. Thus, this study aimed to assess the short-term (12 months) results of PFO occlusion guided by transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and the results of regular UFTs.Methods: Clinical records, echocardiographic data, and UFT results of 75 patients who underwent interventional therapy for PFO and CS were retrospectively analysed. The patients were grouped according to their preoperative UFT results: group A (n=21), small volume of right-to-left shunts; group B (n=22), moderate volume of right-to-left shunts; and group C (n=32), large volume of right-to-left shunts. All patients were treated with an Amplatzer occluder under TEE guidance. UFT follow-up was conducted regularly until 12 months after surgery.Results: No significant differences in preoperative data, length of hospital stay, or operative time were noted between the groups (p>0.05). The length of the PFO and diameter of the occluder differed between the groups as follows: group A=group B<group C (p<0.001). One patient in group C developed recurrent stroke 11 months postoperatively. Two patients in group C developed atrial arrhythmia, which improved after 3 months of antiarrhythmic treatment. However, 19 patients still had positive UFT results 12 months postoperatively. Furthermore, the positive UFT rate 12 months postoperatively differed between the groups as follows: group A=group B<group C (p<0.05). A preoperative large-volume shunt was negatively associated with a negative UFT rate 12 months postoperatively (RR=0.255, p=0.003).Conclusions: In patients with PFO and CS, interventional therapy guided by TEE could lead to satisfactory short-term (12 months) outcomes. Although the positive UFT rate in our study gradually decreased, some patients still had positive UFT results 12 months postoperatively. Preoperatively, a large volume of right-to-left shunts and a longer PFO were two risk factors for positive UFT results postoperatively. Further studies are required to clarify the relationship between positive UFT results postoperatively and stroke recurrence.
The Impact of Seropositivity on Bone Mineral Density in Rheumatoid Arthritis - A 3-year Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Yu Shan-Fu , Chen Jia-Feng , Chen Ying-Chou , Wang Yu-Wei , Hsu Chung-Yuan , Lai Han-Ming , He Hsiao-Ru , Cheng Tien-Tsai 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background:To explore the impact of seropositivity on systemic bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods:This was an interim analysis of the RA registry. Clinical characteristics in the registry were documented, and bone mineral density (BMD) was measured; this was repeated 3 years later. Participants were grouped into seropositive (SPRA) and seronegative (SNRA) based on the presence or absence of rheumatoid factor (RF) and/or anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA). After matching (1:2) for age and sex, SNRA and SPRA were regrouped into A and B. To elucidate the impact of number of antibodies on BMD changes, the matched group was sub-divided according to the number of antibodies present (0, group I; 1, group II; 2, group III). The changes in BMD were compared for each group at baseline and 3 years later. Results:A total of 477 participants who completed a 3-year observation period were included. After matching, 312 participants were enrolled (group A, 104; group B, 208). Three years later, group B had significant bone loss in the femoral neck (FN) (p <0.001), total hip (TH) (p = 0.001), and 1st–4th lumbar vertebrae (L1–4) (p = 0.006), while group A has bone loss only at FN (p = 0.002). Groups I, II, and III included 104, 52, and 156 participants, respectively. Significant bone loss was recorded at FN (p = 0.002) in group I, FN (p <0.001) in group II, and FN (p <0.001), TH (p = 0.002), and L1–4 (p = 0.016) in group III. In terms of percent change in BMD (△BMD%), more significantly negative changes were found at TH in group B (p = 0.027) and within groups I-III (p for trend = 0.021). Logistic regression showed that seropositivity is a significant predictor of △BMD≧–5% at TH (odds ratio 1.85, 95% confidence interval 1.03-3.33, p = 0.039).Conclusions:SPRA lost more bone than SNRA after 3 years. More attention should be paid to SPRA patients, especially those with double-positive antibodies, with vigorous evaluation of BMD and fracture risk.
Feasability of Diaphragmatic Speckle Tracking In Intensive Care Units
Authors: Poette Michael , Crognier Laure , Vardon-Bounes Fanny , Ruiz Stéphanie , Georges Bernard , Seguin Thierry , Conil Jean-Marie , Lairez Olivier , Minville Vincent 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Diaphragmatic dysfunction is a common condition in intensive care units (ICU). Its presence correlates with prolonged weaning from mechanical ventilation and mortality. Diaphragmatic excursion (EXdi) and thickening fraction (TFdi) are the 2 main measures currently described in diaphragmatic ultrasound, but each has its limitations. Strain and strain rate are already used cardiac sonography and could be of interest in the assessment of diaphragmatic function in ICU. The aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of diaphragmatic strain and strain rate in ICU and to describe their distribution, reproducibility and agreement with existing parameters. Methods: All patients who underwent a T-tube weaning test were prospectively included. Ultrasound loops were recorded on each side of the patient during the last 30 minutes of the weaning test. Two operators measured strain, strain rate, EXdi, and TFdi blind to each other in post-treatment analysis. Results: Thirty patients were analyzed. The median values for strain and strain rate were -6.74% and -0.23.s-1 on the left side and -8.17% and -0.22.s-1 on the right side. Concerning strain and strain rate, intra-class coefficients showed systematically a very good reliability between operators. Conclusion: Diaphragmatic strain and strain rate measurements appeared feasible in an ICU environment and seemed reproducible and not strongly correlated with EXdi and TFdi. An improvement of the analysis software is needed to improve the ease of interpretation. The interest of these parameters in clinical practice should be explored in forthcoming studies.
Analysis of Left Ventricular Wall Shear Stress during Diastole in Normal Subjects by Vector Flow Mapping
Authors: Dong Li-ping , Wang Zhen-zhen , Li Hai-ru , Yu Wei-dong , tian jiawei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective To observe the diastolic wall shear stress (WSS) pattern of the left ventricle (LV) by using vector flow mapping (VFM) in normal subjects. Methods A total of 371 healthy volunteers were recruited into this study and divided into four age groups. The LV WSS was measured at each diastolic phase, and the mapping of WSS was analyzed. Results Among groups I, II and III, The absolute value of WSS of Anterolateral，Inferoseptal and Anterospetal segments in phase D1；WSS values of inferolateral，Inferoseptal and Anterospetal segments in phase D4 all showed an increasing trend with age. In terms of gender differences, In most cases，women had greater diastolic WSS values compared to men. For each age group, the log-transformed WSS value appeared the increasing-decreasing-increasing trend from phase D1 to D4, with a peak value at the rapid filling phase.Multivariate backward stepwise linear regression analysis revealed that the certain segments log-transformed WSS was independently related to conventional parameters in evaluating diastolic function（mitral lateral E/e', septal E/e', mitral lateral e', septal e' and LAVI）.Conclusions In diastolic period, segmental LV WSS shows a regular variation phenomenon and has specific age- and gender-related patterns in different diastolic phases. The mapping of WSS may help identify the diastolic hemodynamic changes or diastolic function phase by phase.
KIF11 Might be a Novel Biomarker for Bone Metastasis of Prostate Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Haoyuan , Li Sijie , Liu Bin , Wei Shufei , Wang Tianyi , Li Tao , Lin Jiahu , Zhang Aili , Ni Xiaochen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: A serious issue derived from Prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa) is its propensity to metastasize to bone, which occurred in up to 90% of patients with advanced PCa. The kinesin superfamily (KIFs) is well-documented oncogenic protein implicated mainly in chromosomal and spindle movements and are involved in some cellular activities, such as mitosis, transport of vesicles, organelles, and mRNAs. However, the clinical significance and biological roles of KIF in bone metastasis of PCa still need further exploration.Method: We download three datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data repository. Firstly, we merge the three datasets, and then obtain the gene modules most relevant with clinical traits(morbidity of the bone metastasis of PCa) by “WGCNA” R package. Functional enrichment analysis was performed by the DAVID tool and Metascape. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between bone metastasis of PCa and primary PCa tissue samples were identified by “limma” R package. Then we intersect the gene module with DEGs. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by Cytoscape, and hub genes were excavated. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) image was downloaded from The Human Protein Atlas (www.proteinatlas.org) to verify the feasibility of the target molecular marker identified by bioinformatics and statistical analysis.Result:16 gene modules were obtained through WGCNA analysis and the tan module is most related to the occurrence of bone metastasis, containing 147 genes. Thus, we selected the tan module for further analysis. 877 DEGs were detected by limma package of R software. After taking the intersection of the DEGs and tan module, we got 51 common genes. Protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed for the 51 genes. 7 hub genes (BUB1, KIF2C, RACGAP1, CENPE, KIF11, TTK, KIF20A) were identified from the common results of four different algorithms (Betweenness, Closeness, EcCentricity, and Radiality). Survival analysis based on disease free survival (DFS) was carried out for the 7 hub genes, and all of them have significant poor prognostic performance (P<0.05). And the bubble charts were plotted for functional annotation of the miRNA which can be the regulating factors of the hub genes. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed for screening the independent risk factors of the bone metastasis of PCa, and KIF11 was finally obtained. The immunohistochemical image of bone metastasis of PCa was obtained on the protein Atlas, which showed a strong positive expression of KIF11.Conclusion: In current study, molecules strongly correlated with the occurrence of bone metastasis of PCa were excavated. And provide the evidence that KIF11 may serve as a potential bone metastasis marker in PCa, which might be used for the guidance of clinical practice.
The Research of Small Wave Basis ANN Algorithm and 5-Class Decision Factor AI
Authors: Liu Xuepeng , Zhao Dongmei , Peng Yihang , Li Jianping 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The accuracy and reliability of continuous space curve estimation is the key to global exploration. An improved artificial intelligence algorithm is proposed for the analysis of continuous space. First, small wave basis ANN algorithm is proposed to solve discretization strategy in continuous space: The hidden layer node transfer function in BP neural network is substituted with wavelet basis function, while the replaced BP neural network is composed of wavelet neural network. Secondly, improved wolf algorithm is set up. The core wolf system ensures the precision of whole exploration. Finally, the main and auxiliary double cores and five-class decision factor is used to establish a population classification model to solve the convergence of the algorithm.
Nutrition Information Sources Used By Amateur Bodybuilding Athletes Around Polokwane Municipality In Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Masoga Sylven 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: There is a growing number of athletes participating in bodybuilding sport around the Limpopo Province. However, little is known about the nutrition information sources used by these athletes to guide their decisions during sports performance. Therefore, the researcher aimed at closing this gap through the investigation of nutrition information sources used by the bodybuilding athletes around one of the largest municipalities (Polokwane) in Limpopo Province. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study design was adopted to purposively sample 51 out of 60 amateur bodybuilding athletes in gyms around Polokwane municipality. Ethical approval and permission were obtained from the MEDUNSA Research and Ethics Committee (MREC) and coaches respectively. Athletes signed informed consent forms after the purpose of the study was explained. Data were collected at gyms in the evenings using self-designed questionnaires. The athletes’ demography, training information, and nutrition sources were collected. The SPSS (23) was used to analyse data using descriptive tests. Results: A Few athletes (11.8%) trained as bodybuilders for ≤6 months, while most athletes (66.7%) had been training for >7 months to 2 years. The majority (86.3%) trained for ≥1hour during weekdays. Most of the athletes (37.3%) relied on coaches as their source of information, while 29.4% and 29.3% relied on social media and teammates respectively. Only 4.0% used a professional for nutrition information. Conclusion: The bodybuilding athletes around Polokwane municipality mostly used coaches as sources for nutritional information.Trial registration: Not Applicable.
A Clinicopathologic Study of Malignancy in VCP-Associated Multisystem Proteinopathy
Authors: Shmara Alyaa , Murphy Kady , Perez-Rosendahl Mari , Kwon Ashley , Smith Charles , Kimonis Virginia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundValosin containing protein (VCP) is an important protein with many vital functions mostly related to the ubiquitin-proteasome system that provides protein quality control. VCP-associated inclusion body myopathy with Paget disease of bone and frontotemporal dementia (IBMPFD), also termed VCP disease and multisystem proteinopathy (MSP 1), is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by variants in the VCP gene on human chromosome 9. VCP has also been strongly involved in cancer, with over-activity of VCP found in several cancers such as prostate, pancreatic, endometrial, esophageal cancers and osteosarcoma. Since MSP1 is caused by gain of function variants in the VCP gene, our hypothesis is that we would find an increased tendency of developing malignancies amongst our patients. ResultsUpon surveying 106 families with confirmed VCP variants, we found increased incidence of unusual tumors including malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma and thymoma. Some of these cases developed cancer before displaying other classic VCP disease manifestations. We also present cases of common cancers; however, we did not find an increased incidence compared to the general population. This could be related to the early mortality associated with this disease. ConclusionThis is the first study that expands the phenotype of VCP disease to potentially include unusual cancers and highlights the importance of further investigation of the role of VCP in cancer development. The results of this study in VCP disease patients suggests that patients may be at an increased risk for unusual tumors.
Management of Pancreatic Trauma in Urban India: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Bavishi Devi , Khajanchi Monty , Prajapati Ramlal , Gadgil Anita , Sarang Bhakti , Soni Kapil Dev , Banker Amay , Moghe Dhanashree , Wärnberg Martin Gerdin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPancreatic trauma occurs in 0.2-2% of patients with blunt trauma and 1–12% of patients with penetrating trauma. The mortality and morbidity rates range from 9-34% and 30-60% respectively. We aimed to review the management of pancreatic trauma in a multicenter database from India.MethodsWe analyzed all patients who suffered a pancreatic injury and who were included in the multicenter prospective observational study ‘Towards Improved Trauma Care Outcomes (TITCO)’.ResultsOf the 16047 trauma cases, 1134 (7.1%) patients suffered abdominal trauma. Of all those with abdominal trauma 55 patients (4.9%) had injury to the pancreas. 28 patients (50.9%) with pancreatic trauma were managed conservatively. 27 patients (49.1%) underwent surgical exploration in the form of laparotomies. 11 procedures were undertaken for pancreas. A total of 45 (82%) patients had associated injuries along with pancreatic injury. Thorax (19) (including injuries to lung, pleura and ribs), liver (17), bowel (14) and spleen (13) were the most common associated injuries.ConclusionConservative management was as common as operative management in patients with pancreatic injuries. Most (80%) grade III/IV underwent operative treatment. Many patients (82%) had associated injuries. Level of evidence: III