bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with diabetes-related microvascular disease and risks of disease progression in pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Relph Sophie , Patel Trusha , Delaney Louisa , Sobhy Soha , Thangaratinam Shakila 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThe rise in the global prevalence of diabetes, particularly among younger people, has led to an increase in the number of pregnant women with preexisting diabetes, many of whom have diabetes-related microvascular complications. We aimed to estimate the magnitude of the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes or disease progression in this population.Methods and findingsWe undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis on maternal and perinatal complications in women with type 1 or 2 diabetic microvascular disease and the risk factors for worsening of microvascular disease in pregnancy using a prospective protocol (PROSPERO CRD42017076647). We searched major databases (January 1990 to July 2021) for relevant cohort studies. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. We summarized the findings as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using random effects meta-analysis. We included 56 cohort studies involving 12,819 pregnant women with diabetes; including 40 from Europe and 9 from North America. Pregnant women with diabetic nephropathy were at greater risk of preeclampsia (OR 10.76, CI 6.43 to 17.99,p< 0.001), early (<34 weeks) (OR 6.90, 95% CI 3.38 to 14.06,p< 0.001) and any preterm birth (OR 4.48, CI 3.40 to 5.92,p< 0.001), and cesarean section (OR 3.04, CI 1.24 to 7.47,p= 0.015); their babies were at higher risk of perinatal death (OR 2.26, CI 1.07 to 4.75,p= 0.032), congenital abnormality (OR 2.71, CI 1.58 to 4.66,p< 0.001), small for gestational age (OR 16.89, CI 7.07 to 40.37,p< 0.001), and admission to neonatal unit (OR 2.59, CI 1.72 to 3.90,p< 0.001) compared to those without nephropathy. Diabetic retinopathy was associated with any preterm birth (OR 1.67, CI 1.27 to 2.20,p< 0.001) and preeclampsia (OR 2.20, CI 1.57 to 3.10,p< 0.001) but not other complications. The risks of onset or worsening of retinopathy were increased in women who were nulliparous (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.40,p< 0.001), smokers (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.25 to 4.27,p= 0.008), with existing proliferative disease (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.11 to 4.04,p= 0.022), and longer duration of diabetes (weighted mean difference: 4.51 years, 95% CI 2.26 to 6.76,p< 0.001) compared to those without the risk factors. The main limitations of this analysis are the heterogeneity of definition of retinopathy and nephropathy and the inclusion of women both with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.ConclusionsIn pregnant women with diabetes, presence of nephropathy and/or retinopathy appear to further increase the risks of maternal complications.
Origin and evolutionary landscape of Nr2f transcription factors across Metazoa
Authors: Coppola Ugo , Waxman Joshua S. 
Published: November 2021

Background
Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 2 Group F (Nr2f) orphan nuclear hormone transcription factors (TFs) are fundamental regulators of many developmental processes in invertebrates and vertebrates. Despite the importance of these TFs throughout metazoan development, previous work has not clearly outlined their evolutionary history.

Results
We integrated molecular phylogeny with comparisons of intron/exon structure, domain architecture, and syntenic conservation to define critical evolutionary events that distinguish the Nr2f gene family in Metazoa. Our data indicate that a single ancestral eumetazoan Nr2f gene predated six main Bilateria subfamilies, which include single Nr2f homologs, here referred to as Nr2f1/2/5/6, that are present in invertebrate protostomes and deuterostomes, Nr2f1/2 homologs in agnathans, and Nr2f1, Nr2f2, Nr2f5, and Nr2f6 orthologs that are found in gnathostomes. Four cnidarian Nr2f1/2/5/6 and three agnathan Nr2f1/2 members are each due to independent expansions, while the vertebrate Nr2f1/Nr2f2 and Nr2f5/Nr2f6 members each form paralogous groups that arose from the established series of whole-genome duplications (WGDs). Nr2f6 members are the most divergent Nr2f subfamily in gnathostomes. Interestingly, in contrast to the other gnathostome Nr2f subfamilies, Nr2f5 has been independently lost in numerous vertebrate lineages. Furthermore, our analysis shows there are differential expansions and losses of Nr2f genes in teleosts following their additional rounds of WGDs.

Conclusion
Overall, our analysis of Nr2f gene evolution helps to reveal the origins and previously unrecognized relationships of this ancient TF family, which may allow for greater insights into the conservation of Nr2f functions that shape Metazoan body plans.
Russische Orthodoxie zwischen „digitalem Antichrist“ und digitaler Eucharistie im Zeitalter der Coronavirus-Pandemie
Authors: Ponomariov Alexander 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
Während der Pandemie des Coronavirus haben sich in der zeitgenössischen russischen und in der unmittelbar an sie angrenzenden ukrainischen Orthodoxie zwei Tendenzen herauskristallisiert, die mit der zunehmenden Digitalisierung des Alltags zusammenhängen: zum einen die stark gewachsene Angst vor der totalen Kontrolle des Menschen durch den Staat und transnationale Konzerne – die Angst vor dem „digitalen Antichrist“ – und zum anderen die Kontroverse über die Möglichkeit einer digitalen Eucharistie. Diese scheint wiederum nur in Form einer hybriden Kommunion akzeptiert zu sein, bei der die im Voraus an die Gemeindemitglieder gelieferten offline geweihten Gaben mit der anschließenden Gebetsteilnahme an der live übertragenen Online-Liturgie kombiniert werden. Im Gegensatz dazu wird die digitale Konsekration von Brot und Wein vor einem Computerbildschirm nicht nur als theologisch fragwürdig, sondern vielmehr als Profanierung des christlichen Hauptsakraments angesehen.
Towards a Renewed Heart
Authors: Roberts Mikie 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Heidi Campbell has identified three methods that were generally used by congregations in their response to how to engage in worship digitally due to the lockdown resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. In this article, the three models – transfer, translation, and transformation – are applied to the World Council of Churches and how it adapted its ecumenical prayer in March 2020. The paper highlights how digital worship has contributed to the renewal of prayer, which is at the very heart of the ecumenical movement.
Instrumento de medición de la competencia de comunicación a través de estrategias metacognitivas en estudiantado universitario
Authors: Vargas Schüler Augusto A. , Aguilar Bustos María B. 
Published: November 2021

This paper reports the result of a first approach to the design and validation of an instrument which allows measuring some aspects that should be developed by a university student regarding communicative competence from a metacognitive perspective. The designed and validated instrument corresponds to a survey consisting of 26 questions piloted in a group of 100 students. The questions were grouped in four dimensions defined as knowledge, planining, monitoring/follow-up, and assesment. The result through factor analysis shows that these four components explain the 47% of the global variance, knowledge being the most relevant in that aspect. The Alpha Cronbach’s parameter is suitable to the instrument, presenting a numerical value of 0.876. The KMO sampling adequacy test has a numerical value of 0.787, also suitable for the instrument.
The Story of Stenka Razin and the Persian Princess in Direct and Inverse Projections: Yevgeny Zamyatin and Anna Barkova
Authors: Zuseva-Özkan Veronika 
Published: November 2021

The article considers two cases of the creative reception of the legend about Stenka Razin and the Persian princess in Russian literature of the 1920s – in Yevgeny Zamyatin’s tragedy Atilla (1925–1928) and screenplay Stenka Razin (1932–1933), on the one hand, and in the play by A. Barkova Nastasya Kostyor (1923), on the other hand. The direct and inverse projections of Razin’s plot are represented: in Zamyatin’s case the roles of Razin and the princess are distributed in the traditional way, as they are typical for the long history of this plot in Russian culture – both in folklore and in literature, and in Barkova’s case these roles are reversed in the gender aspect. This peculiarity is considered as connected to Barkova’s interest toward “woman question”, the problem of female emancipation, women’s equality. The plot of Stenka Razin and the Persian princess is analyzed in the article together with another one – the plot featuring the woman warrior, since they are closely interrelated in Russian literature of the 1920s. The hypothesis is that this relationship is due to the active demolition of the old gender order during this period.
The Image of Syrian Refugees in the Lebanese Press: Case of Al-Akhbar Newspaper
Authors: El Zein Hatem 
Published: November 2021

This paper investigates how Syrian refugees are portrayed in the Lebanese press, namely in Al-Akhbar Newspaper.
Although there are existing studies that focus on the media representation of Syrian refugees, they allot significant attention to negative images of Syrian refugees presented by a number of Lebanese media outlets. In addition, there is a dearth of studies that scrutinise positive representation of Syrian refugees in the Lebanese press.
Owing to these problems, this paper bridges the gap in the current literature through paying further attention to the positive media representation of Syrian refugees in the Lebanese press taking the case of Al-Akhbar Newspaper.
In answering the question: how Al-Akhbar depicts Syrian refugees who fled to Lebanon, this paper analyses samples of articles published in Al-Akhbar to highlight the discourse of this Newspaper relating to Syrian refugees. The paper draws on qualitative analysis to arrive at its conclusion.
The findings of the paper are significant because they reveal journalistic practices and agenda towards one of the serious issues in Lebanon which suffers from political turmoil and severe economic crisis. As this paper distinguishes between what it calls antagonist and protagonist discourses in reporting Syrian refugees in the Lebanese press, it recommends paying further attention to the protagonist discourse because it reflects good journalistic practice.
Pediatric Resident Perspectives on the Impact of COVID-19 on Training
Authors: Winn Ariel S. , Myers Ross , Grow H. Mollie , Hilgenberg Sarah , Lieberman Rhett , Naifeh Monique M. , Unaka Ndidi I. , Schwartz Alan 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVES
At the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, disruptions to pediatric care and training were immediate and significant. We sought to understand the impact of the pandemic on residency training from the perspective of pediatric residents.

METHODS
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of categorical pediatric residents at US training programs at the end of the 2019–2020 academic year. This voluntary survey included questions that explored the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on resident training experiences, postresidency employment plans, and attitudes and perceptions. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and mixed-effects regression models. We performed a sensitivity analysis using respondents from programs with a &gt;40% response rate for questions regarding resident attitudes and perceptions.

RESULTS
Residents from 127 of 201 training programs (63.2%) completed the survey, with a response rate of 18.9% (1141 of 6032). Respondents reported multiple changes to their training experience including rotation schedule adjustments, clinic cancellations, and an increase in the use of telemedicine. Respondents also reported inconsistent access to personal protective equipment and increased involvement in the care of adult patients. Graduating resident respondents reported concerns related to employment. Respondents also noted a negative impact on their personal wellness.

CONCLUSIONS
Responding residents reported that nearly every aspect of their training was impacted by the pandemic. Describing their experiences may help residency program and hospital leaders supplement missed educational experiences, better support residents through the remaining months of the pandemic, and better prepare for extraordinary circumstances in the future.
Follow-Up Blood Cultures in Young Infants With Bacteremic Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Franz-O’Neal Erika , Olson Jared , Thorell Emily A. , Cipriano Frank A. 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Researchers in previous studies suggest that the clinical yield of follow-up blood cultures (FUBCs) is low in infants with bacteremic urinary tract infection (UTI) because persistent bacteremia is rare; however, no researchers have analyzed the practice of routinely obtaining FUBCs. In our study, we evaluate outcomes in infants with FUBCs, examine opportunities for improvement of blood culture practices, and add important information to inform both clinical practice as well as further study.

DESIGN
This retrospective cohort study included infants &lt;90 days of age with bacteremia and UTI with the same pathogen at 22 hospitals that make up Intermountain Healthcare between 2002 to 2020. Infants with culture proven meningitis, osteomyelitis, central line infection, and infections occurring during NICU hospitalization were excluded.

RESULTS
Total number of patients with bacteremic UTI was 174, 153 (88%) patients had at least 1 FUBC, 14 of 153 (9%) had a positive FUBC with same organism, and 4 of 153 (3%) were contaminants. The length of stay was longer for patients with positive FUBCs. Patients with Escherichia coli are more likely to have a negative FUBC. Readmissions within 30 days were similar among infants with positive FUBCs, negative FUBCs, and no FUBCs.

CONCLUSIONS
FUBCs in infants with bacteremic UTI should not be routinely performed, especially for E coli, and it is unclear whether FUBCs improve outcomes.
COVID-19 and Vaccination for Residents and Staff in Pediatric Long-Term Care Facilities
Authors: Nee MariCris , Simpser Edwin , Grossberg Richard , Mosiello Linda , Neu Natalie 
Published: November 2021

OBJECTIVES
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a significant impact on adult residents and staff in long-term care facilities. Little is known, however, about the impact of COVID-19 and the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination in pediatric long-term care facilities (pLTCFs).

METHODS
A survey was designed, piloted, and e-mailed to facilities participating in the Pediatric Complex Care Association, an organization consisting of 43 pLTCFs. Respondents were sent 1 reminder and given 1 month (April 2021) to report retrospective data from March 2020 to March 2021. In the survey, pLTCFs were asked to report data on COVID-19 infections and outcomes among residents and staff as well as COVID-19 vaccination status among residents and staff.

RESULTS
Twenty-five centers participated, representing a 56% survey response rate. Of the residents, 7.0% (117 cases) were infected with COVID-19. The proportion of residents with COVID-19 by site varied from 0% to 41%. Among staff members, 22% (1665 cases) were infected with COVID-19, with a range of 8% to 44% of staff by site. Of residents, 1.3% were transferred to acute care. There were 3 resident deaths and 4 staff deaths. Early uptake of COVID-19 vaccination was common for residents (76%), whereas for staff, the rate was lower at 62%. At individual pLTCFs, vaccination ranged from 5 to 83 residents and 46 to 499 staff.

CONCLUSIONS
Pediatric residents and staff of long-term care facilities were impacted by COVID-19, but mortality was low. COVID-19 vaccination rates among the children and staff were similar and higher than that reported from early national data in skilled nursing facilities.
Sistem Kontrol Pintu Ruang Kuliah Berbasis RFID dan Arduino Terintegrasi Aplikasi Web Presensi
Authors: Widianto Eko Didik , Masruhan Azis , Prasetijo Agung Budi 
Published: November 2021

Makalah ini membahas pengembangan sistem otomatisasi ruangan pada kontrol pintu dan presensi kuliah untuk menambah keamanan ruangan. Sistem ini terintegrasi dengan aplikasi web dan menggunakan papan Arduino Mega 2560 sebagai pusat kontrol sistem. Sistem ini menggunakan RFID MFRC522 sebagai alat komunikasi dua arah dengan kartu RFID dan pembaca, modul ethernet shield sebagai penghubung ke jaringan internet, solenoid sebagai pengunci pintu, LCD untuk penampil notifikasi, serta RTC DS3231 sebagai pewaktu. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan, sistem mampu mencocokkan kartu tag dosen dengan data jadwal pada basis data dan mencocokkan kartu tag mahasiswa dengan data mahasiswa di mata kuliah yang terjadwal pada basis data. Jadwal akses ruang sesuai dengan jadwal kuliah yang dapat diatur melalui aplikasi web. Selain dari itu, pada aplikasi web yang dibangun dapat mengolah data presensi, jadwal, mata kuliah, mahasiswa, dosen dan kelas. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, pembacaan kartu RFID dapat dilakukan sampai jarak 4 cm. Penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah sistem otomasi pintu berbasis RFID dan Arduino yang terintegrasi dengan sistem database berbasis web. This paper presenst an automation systems for controling the door’s room and lecture attendance which can enhance room security. This study build a college room control system integrated with a web application. This system uses the Arduino Mega 2560 board as the control center of the system. Furthermore, we used RFID MFRC522 as a two-way communication device with an RFID tag card and reader, an ethernet shield module that providing internet access to the network, a solenoid as a door lock, LCD for notification display, and RTC DS3231 as a timer. This system can control door access and attendance automation, and send the data to web application. The application can match the lecturer tag cards with his scheduled in the database and match students' tag cards with their data in scheduled courses. The room access schedule is in accordance to the class schedule, which can be arranged via the web application. The web application can process attendance data, schedules, courses, students, lecturers, and classes. The system can read the RFID tags up to a distance of 4 cm.
Two new records and morphological discussions of Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil
Authors: Freitas Joelcio , De Lírio Elton John , Guimarães Elsie Franklin , Alves-Araújo Anderson 
Published: November 2021

Aristolochia bahiensis F. González and Aristolochia hypoglauca Kuhlm. are reported as new records to the flora of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, and additionally we provide a discussion about morphological differences between Aristolochia tamnifolia (Klotzsch) Duch. and A. bahiensis. We present photographs, a geographic distribution map, and morphological observations for these three species.
Sandsage prairie: floristics, structure, and dynamics of a Great Plains plant community
Authors: Locklear James H. 
Published: November 2021

Sandsage prairie is a shrub-steppe ecological association unique to the Great Plains of North America in which sand sagebrush, Artemisia filifolia, is the dominant and diagnostic element. This paper presents the first comprehensive account of the floristics, community structure, and vegetation dynamics of sandsage prairie throughout its distribution. Sandsage prairie occurs in discontinuous tracts throughout western parts of the central and southern Great Plains in association with dune fields and other areas of sand habitat. The most conspicuous element of the vegetation is shrub-steppe dominated by Artemisia filifolia with a moderate to dense herbaceous layer dominated by perennial grasses. The relative density of Artemisia filifolia canopy cover in the landscape can range from 10% to 50% and is influenced by topographic gradient, climatic variability, fire history, grazing history, and past range management practices. Occurring in mosaic with the shrub-steppe component of sandsage prairie are intergrading but distinct assemblages of herbaceous species tied to varying degrees of disturbance and stabilization within the dune field. A total of 119 plant taxa in 33 families are characteristic of sandsage prairie in the Great Plains, with Poaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Onagraceae the largest families (in descending order). There is a pronounced northsouth gradient to the associated flora, with 34 species (29% of the total) being restricted to or most prevalent in either northern or southern stands of sandsage prairie. Sandsage prairie occurs in highly dynamic habitat subject to a host of natural disturbance factors and as a consequence exhibits a high level of heterogeneity in community structure with frequent shifts in species composition and dominance.
Mediating role of metacognitions in the relationship between cognitive avoidance and smoking addiction: a structural equation modeling
Authors: EVLİ Mahmut , ŞİMŞEK Nuray 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Cognitive processes have an important place in starting or quitting smoking, which is an important public health problem all over the world. The present study was conducted to determine the mediator role of metacognition about smoking in the relation between cognitive avoidance and nicotine addiction in individuals who want to quit smoking.
Materials and Methods: The study was completed with a total of 294 people who volunteered to participate in the study and who filled the data collection forms. In the evaluation of the data, descriptive statistics and the Spearman Correlation Test was used for correlation analysis. The effects of cognitive avoidance, nicotine addiction, and metacognition about smoking on each other was examined with structural equality modelling.
Results: A total of 61.9% of the volunteers who participated in our study were male, and the mean age was 33.17±10.62. The data were found to support the model, and the goodness of fit indices were acceptable (CMIN/DF=2.02, GFI=0.93, AGFI=0.90, CFI=0.96, RMSEA=0.059). Cognitive avoidance and metacognitive beliefs affect nicotine addiction in individuals who want to quit smoking, and metacognitive processes about smoking played mediator roles in the interaction between cognitive avoidance and nicotine addiction.
Conclusion: It will be useful to include cognitive processes as well as metacognitive processes about smoking in smoking cessation programs.
Changes in cerebral oxygenation and cognitive functions during controlled hypotension
Authors: AYDIN Bengü Gülhan , KÜÇÜKOSMAN Gamze , PİŞKİN Özcan , GÜLÇEK Necla , OKYAY Rahşan Dilek , AYOĞLU Hilal 
Published: November 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of controlled hypotension on cerebral oxygen saturation and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in patients undergoing nasal surgery.
Materials and Methods: Forty patients were randomized by a sealed envelope method into two drug groups: esmolol (Group E, n=20) or nitroglycerin (Group N, n=20) administration prior to surgical incision. The cognitive functions of the patients were evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination Test 1 day before and 1 day after the operation. Regional oxygen saturation was monitored with near-infrared spectroscopy to detect cerebral desaturation.
Results: The desired mean arterial blood pressure (50-65 mmHg) could be achieved in all groups. A decline in cognitive function occured in 16 patients (40%) at the 24th postoperative hour. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of POCD. There was a significant relationship between POCD and cerebral desaturation status.
Conclusion: Cerebral desaturation seen during hypotensive anesthesia may cause early POCD development, therefore we think that close cerebral and hemodynamic monitoring during hypotensive anesthesia may preserve cognitive functions.