bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental analysis of Thermal Efficiency of functionalized Graphene (COOH) reinforced PCM for thermal energy storage system
Authors: Singh Pradeep Kumar , Nagar Sumit , Singh Mahendra 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this work, the emphasis is on the thermal conductivity of paraffin wax and nano material which is functionalized graphene (COOH). Firstly COOH graphene is combined in various concentrations with paraffin wax to achieve higher thermal conductivity and then it is analysed for thermal conductivity having flow rate of heat transfer fluid(HTF) as 50ml at 8 second. When COOH functionalized graphene is used in this experiment, the thermal conductivity of paraffin wax increases. This study included experiments on varying concentrations of functionalized graphene (COOH) and inlet HTF temperatures for thermal properties, density, specific heat and nanofluid properties. The graphene is combined by stirring it with the paraffin wax. Graphene concentrations are 0.25 volume%, 0.5 volume% and 0.75 volume% for the flow rate of 50 ml in 8 second. Thermal conductivity increases with increase in the concentration of graphene. In the winter season, where environmental losses are higher than the summer season and the air temperature is 18°C, while it is above 29°C in the summer season, it also reduces PCM charging time around 30 to 50 percent with the use of functionalized graphene. In all concentrations, HTF temperature varies from 80°C to 90°C, with observed input energy, environmental losses, charging time, charging rate and performance. All values are noted after a 10 minute interval, till the cylinder is fully charged.
Performance Analysis of FPSC using hybrid nanofluid of Aluminum oxide and Titanium oxide
Authors: Bharadwaj Gaurav 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
An experimental study was conducted to see the effect of using Aluminum oxide and Titanium oxide hybrid nano fluid on FPSC results. Experimentation was carried out by using nano fluid of size 30-50 nm and particle volume concentration at 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1%. It has been found that by using nanofluid optimum efficiency is obtained at 0.75% concentration of nano fluid maximum 62%.
Mechanical Behavior of the Aluminum Alloys during Friction stirs welding process: An overview
Authors: Sharma Gyanendu , Pratap Singh Rudra 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Alumium now a days extensively used in many sector due to its compatibility and adaptability of the material for different grades. As It has been describe in the paper about various factor affecting FSW during operation like mechanical testing(by Shoulder, tool pin profile, tool rotation, welding speed) mechanical properties(Hardness, strength, fatigue), pre and post weld heat treated zone analysis (TMAZ, HAZ, SZ. NZ). Although many researchers vying to improve properties of the welded joint by many technique such as Bobbin tool, cold spraying, shot peening etc. we entails best possible chronological order to establish the right way of outcome and corroborate this theory for future references
Keratin - based materials in Biomedical engineering
Authors: Singh Sonia 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A biomaterial is used to replace tissue or its function within the living body. Many natural occurring polymers like collagen, fibrin, elastin, gelatin, silk fibroin, hyaluronic acid and chitosan, that have been broadly utilized as in biomaterial applications. In addition to this, proteins are known to be used as one of the popular biomaterials because of their capability to work as synthetic ECM. Among this, keratin is a protein used as effective biopolymers in the fabrication of many new biomaterial(s). Various new techniques have been made for their extraction and structural characterization. Keratin is being characterized as repetitive sequences of amino acid that led in the production of self-assembly. The self-assemble character of keratin has attained to develop into many physical appearances such as sponges, nano-particles and films, found helpful in many drug deliveries and biomedical tissue engineering. This manuscript detailed the advanced utilisation of keratin biomaterials in the area of tissue engineering; wound healing, drug delivery, and so on.
Performance Evaluation Of Multi-Fibre (Hybrid) Polymer Composite
Authors: Sonia Pankaj , Kumari Soni 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The fabrication of epoxy based polymeric composites under the design constrains is still a great challenges for the researchers and manufacturing industries. The strengthening of polymeric composited to become a substitute of light weight material applications having a huge research space for aerospace and automobile industries. With this objective the current research article reveled the performance evaluation of multi-fiber hybrid composite. The composite were fabricated by hand lay-up technique. The glass fiber and wood powder of Peepal wood were used as reinforcement and the vinyl ester used as a matrix. The each test sample were fabricated with 12 sheet of glass fiber with 39%, 44%, and 49%. The wood powder of 0%, 10%, 20% was used to hybridize the composite. The tensile and flexural test were performed to revel the strengthening behavior.
Cooling rate and Micro-structural Characteristic evaluation of HSLA steel
Authors: Sharma Avdhesh Kumar , Kumar Sharma Harish 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In recent years HSLA steel replacing the application of common heat treated grades of steel. The precipitation of carbon-nitrides and carbides are main strengthening mechanism of micro alloy steel. The mechanical properties such as impact strength and toughness of micro alloy steel is enhanced without reducing ductility. This work focus on hot compression test on HSLA steel, which has been performed within the thermo mechanical simulator. The characteristic evaluation of deformed alloy conducted by utilizing optical, scanning and transmission electron microscopy for understanding precipitation nature of micro-alloy steel. Microstructure behaviour are also observed under variation of cooling pace.
Plastic waste as a biofuel feedstock-A conceptual study
Authors: Devi Dunga Simhana , Kumar Ravinder , Rajak Upendra 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Current aim of energy scarcity and security is also concerned along with the environmental aspects and waste deposits on the earth. World is recording massive waste deposits every year amongst plastic became the irritating substance to the environment which is being left on the ground unprocessed. Almost 100 million plastics are deposited on the earth’s surface causing exhaustion of the ozone layer. Besides, the evolution of mankind is putting a huge demand on electricity generation. To compensate both the issues, researchers found the way to generate biofuel using plastic waste as a primary feed stock. Also, it is believed that bio-fuels will be vital enough to produce future energy. The transmutation of Waste Plastics to fuel oil is amongst one of the most propitious resources for fuel production being waste plastics are propounded in subsistence. We analyzed various Processes to proselytize Plastic waste into Diesel fuel. The present article throws a light on fuels from the waste feedstock, performance characteristics, emission characteristics and other parameters to generate efficient biofuel using plasticwastes.
Enhancing the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Value of Clayey-Sand Type of Soil in Mathura Region
Authors: Soni Atul , Varshney Deepak 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Road transportation is major mode of transportation over all the modes of transportation. Roads provide point to point transportation facility with freedom of movement. For the growth of any country like India roads play important role in transportation of either people or goods. Road surface which is used by vehicles for movement on road is called pavement. The bottom most layer of pavement is subgrade which is compacted layer of soil with required cross slope and gradients. This compacted layer of soil ie subgrade is an essential part of road construction and when it requires some standards to meet to be able to receive pavement layers. In some cases when it do not have sufficient properties such as: dry density, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) value; soil needs to be treated so that it fulfills the requirements of subgrade. Lower CBR value will result into lower load carrying capacity of road and life. So it is necessary to treat and improve CBR value. For various type of soil there are different methods to improve the CBR value of subgrade. Here in this study efforts have been done to improve the CBR value of clayey sand type of soil, which is mostly present in the vicinity of the district Mathura. CBR value of clayey sand type of soil could be enhanced using materials like: lime, natural fibers, cement, fly ash, chemical compounds, etc. But in this study it has been tried to use natural occurring materials and waste material-Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP), so that sustainable, cheap and locally available material could be used. Also the cost of construction does not increase substantially. Laboratory tests were performed and results showed that CBR value of clayey sand type of soil can be increased using materials - lime, jute fiber and RAP in various ratios as mentioned in detail in this study.
Natural Fibre Reinforced Hybrid Composite: Thermal & Mechanical Characterization
Authors: Singh Pradeep Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The waste material can be used for the development of different composite materials after their use for their prime objectives viz. Bagasse fibre, human hair, egg shell etc. These waste materials have some specific mechanical & thermal properties such as tensile and compressive strength, hardness, toughness, moisture content etc. Millions of tonnes of chicken feather is continuously extracted by poultry industry and small proportion of this waste material is utilised while the rest amount considered as waste. Bagasse fibre consist of cellulose, hemi-cellulose and lignin with their respective percentage of 40%, 30% and 15% to offer tensile strength and increases due to formation of quinones constituent of the fibre and its adhesiveness also increases after treatment in furfural alcohol solution. By holding their specific properties, these are biodegradable so the hybrid composite made with the help of these fibres, also biodegradable and Eco-friendly. In this paper, polymer thermoset epoxy resin was used as matrix, Bagasse fibre and chicken feather as reinforcement in definite proportion of 55%, 40% and 5% respectively. The hybrid composite was fabricated with the help of hand lay-up technique. Specimens were prepared as per ASTM standard for tensile and compressive strength, hardness and toughness, the present work also carried out thermal characterization such as TGA and water absorption test having analysis of 72 hrs. After evaluation of their mechanical and thermal properties, this work also present comparison in between neat epoxy polymer composite with natural fibre reinforced hybrid composite.
Biomaterials as therapeutic agents for treatment of cancer: A review
Authors: Goel A , Kulshrestha S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Biomaterials can be stated as an amalgamation of science in research and development where the field of cellular biology, molecular biology, chemical sciences, materials sciences and engineering plays important role. These are substances which have been modified to interact with biological systems for therapeutic purposes and even diagnosis. They induce a synergistic effect in the environment where implanted. Although as a science, it is years old but at present it is growing as a modern-day research platform that finds its application in many fields of medical science and cancer being the most extensively researched field in the same. Such studies undertaken in the field of biomaterials has been reviewed in the paper that includes the use of biomaterials as therapeutic agents including their use as vaccines and surface modulators to enhance the antigen specific T-cell activity in the immunotherapy for cancers. The application has been found reliable in case of recurrent cancers, poorly immunogenic tumours as well as immunologically resistant tumours. Triple negative breast cancer and skin cancers have been successfully treated with the help of biomaterials. The review highlights the importance and scope of study towards field of biomaterials in cancer treatment.
Optical metallography and DTA/TGA Analysis of Shape memory alloy: Cu74Zn22 Al4(Wt.%)
Authors: Verma Sujit Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Phase changing materials play very important role in design of actuators and sensors in many equipment. Allow of copper, Zinc and Aluminium exhibits shape memory features. In presented experimental investigation, Cu74Zn22 Al4(Wt.%) was prepared by mechanical alloying using high energy ball milling process. By mechanical alloying, nano-crystalline features were developed. Powder was converted into pellets and sintered and forged for optical metallography characterization. DTA/TGA analysis was performed to exhibits shape memory features. When shape memory material changes its phase, energy in form of heat either released or absorbed. Optical metallographs indicates that sintered and forged samples exhibits different features.
Scenario of Small Hydro Power Plant (SHP) in India and Effects on Climate Change: An Eco-friendly Approach Towards Sustainability
Authors: Gupta Sanjeev Kumar , Dwivedi Vijay Kumar , Kumar Notan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Water is the crucial asset to help all shape life on earth. Tragically it isn’t uniformly conveyed over the world via season or area. Hydroelectricity is the term alluding to power created by hydropower, the creation of electrical force using the gravitational power of falling and streaming water. It is most broadly utilized type of sustainable power source. Once the hydro electric complex is developed, the item delivers no immediate waste. Hydroelectricity produces 16.6% of the word electricity, and accounted for about 70% of electricity from renewable source in 2015 and was expected to increase by about 3.1% each year for the next 25 years [1]. The annual hydroelectric production of India is 122.31 TWh while installed capacity is 43.8 GW. The national electric grid in India has an installed capacity of 368.79 GW as of 31 December 2019. The hydropower contributes 25%. [2]. In India, hydropower ventures with a station limit of up to 25 MW each fall under the class of little hydropower (SHP). India has an expected SHP capability of around 16000 MW, of which about 18.5% has been tapped so far for example 2960 MW. Service of MNRE has made a database of potential locales of little hydro and 5,718 potential destinations with a total limit of 15384.15 MW for ventures up to 25 MW limit have been distinguished as on 2019. Environmental change has suggestions for both human and characteristic frameworks and could prompt critical changes in asset use creation and monetary action. Because of the effect and potential effects of environmental change universal, local, national and neighbourhood activities are being created and executed to constrain and moderate GHGs fixation in the Earth’s climate. The worldwide worry for reasonable improvement and environmental change has brought grouping of vitality strategy creators towards the sustainable power sources since these give vitality, without emanations of ozone depleting substances (GHGs) and are additionally plentiful asset accessible for future. In the present paper an endeavour has been made to depict the potential and use of little hydropower in India for the practical advancement of the nation.
RETRACTED: A Review: Role of Energy Resources in Development of India
Authors: Nira  , Shukla Aasheesh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper suggests that in the present period, energy is significant for the improvement of the nation. It is all in all correct to state through this paper that it is difficult to build up a nation without energy. Along these lines, it is essential to think about energy and its resources. It was likewise determined what approaches and steps the administration took to secure assets. It has likewise been clarified that assets ought to be utilized cautiously because there will be when non-standard energy assets will be nearly termination. So this should be kept in mind beforehand. If talk about standard energy resources, then it should be used more and more as it has many benefits such as no pollution, and this type of resource is very cheap So in the last, it is summed up that without energy assets, human life isn’t simple on the earth. Therefore, people should be used according to the need.
Development in Solar Cooking Technology in the Last Decade: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Sawarn Harshita , Kumar Shukla Shailendra , Singh Rathore Pushpendra Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Food is one amongst the important factors responsible for the existence of life on the earth. With the introduction of civilization, cooked food came and cooking continued because of the benefits and satisfaction it renders to human beings. Hence the energy consumption for cooking food is ever growing. Since the conventional non renewable sources used for cooking increases the cost of living by having direct or indirect impact on us and negative impact on environment that humans cannot afford, there is need to focus on solar cooking which can play a vital role in curbing this problem. In this literature,the development of solar cooker in the previous decade ie. 2010-2020 has been studied and focused. The sub topics discussed revolve around the development of solar cooker. The sub topics include the history of solar cooking, worldwide status of solar cooker, principle of solar cooking,testing approaches for solar cooking has been illustrated.
Analysis of advancement in Solar air heater (SAH) heat transfer expansion methods: A crisp review
Authors: mausam Kuwar , Rohatgi Raghav 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The thermal efficiency of the solar air heater collectors is minimum when compared with liquid solar collectors due to the presence of a number of losses. There is a need to enhance the performance of these collectors. There are several techniques which are employed on the collectors to progress their performance by attaching different arrangement like turbulators, fins, porous matrix and using phase change material, etc. The modification on the collectors will also help in breaking the thermal viscous layer which is formed on the absorber surface. The thermal hotspots on the surface are reduced by acquainting with better thermal mixing of the fluids. The novel techniques are developed with the most innovative ideas by implementing the tubular collectors, double pass collectors, various geometrical ducts, etc. to reduce thermal losses. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has become the effectual procedure to analyze the performance of these collectors. CFD has circumvented the experimental difficulties and is thus cost-effective. The parametric study of the different geometrical configurations supports in obtaining the optimum design and improved efficient device. This paper presents a crisp review of the recent works carried on the solar air heater (SAH).
Heat Transfer Analysis of Graphene Reinforced PCM for Thermal Energy Storage
Authors: Kumar Pramod , Singh Pradeep Kumar , Nagar Sumit 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this experiment, the charging rate of PCM is compared in the summer and winter seasons, while PCM does not charge effectively in winter season due to lower atmospheric temperature but such effects are not seen in summer season. The key objective of this analysis is to increase the thermal efficiency and charging rate by using different nano material concentrations (COOH) varying from 0.25 volume % to 0.75 volume %. This work also includes testing of thermal conductivity, density, specific heat and Nano fluid properties at varying functionalized graphene (COOH) concentrations and temperatures at the heat tranfer fluid (HTF) inlet. Paraffin wax is implemented as a PCM in this process and carboxylic group (COOH) based graphene is the nano material used. The present research’s outcome is that the PCM charging time decreases with increasing carboxylic (COOH) graphene concentration in terms of volume percentage. The charging time decreases with the mixing of carboxylic group (COOH) graphene concentration in this experiment in the winter season. The charging rate increases with graphene concentration, as opposed to without the nanomaterial PCM. In this experiment, In the short period of the process time, the significant volume of energy can be retained as charging period is decreased by 25% to 60% by the implementation the carboxylic group(COOH) based nano powder in PCM.
Operational Limitations of Heat Pipes with MgO-Water Nanofluid: An Experimental Investigation
Authors: Singh Udayvir , Kumar Gupta Naveen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the study of functional limits of heat pipes with MgO deionized (DI) water nano fluid as working fluid. The nano fluid is made with the help of two step method and it is surfactant free. The output has been analyzed with the increase in concentrations of MgO / DI water nano fluid (0.005%, 0.025% and 0.05 %) and at power input of (10 W, 30 W & 60 W), for covering operational range temperature of the electronic instruments. (<600C). On the basis of the thermo physical properties of the MgO/DI water nano fluid, the functional limits of heat pipe are determined. The changed of working fluids shows an improvement in boiling, pick up(entrainment), viscous and sonic limit except the capillary limit of heat pipe. The surfactant free nano fluids give good safety margin to the boiling limit of the heat pipe, with elimination of chances of locking due to vapor. The capillary limit reduces by the application of nano fluids due to increase in the vapor and liquid flow path resistance rather than capillary pressure in the evaporator section of heatpipe.
Optimal Real-Time Scheduling Algorithm for harvesting energy environment
Authors: Kumari Mona , Kumar Ajitesh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Now a day, most of the electronic devices are battery operated and the performance of these devices is depend upon battery power. For the concern of feasible scheduling in real time operated system, need to manage battery power. The energy consumption in mobile devices is depends upon power management. In this article we proposed an optimal real time scheduling algorithm with constraint of harvesting energy, where every task set having flexible speed to manage the energy consumption. The experimental result shows that this optimal algorithm allows the task to execute on assigned speed that will reduce the overall energy consumption. Proposed algorithm give better management of harvesting energy and also gives 10- 15% better result in term of available energy after execution of task in compare to existing DVFS algorithm.
CuO Nanoparticle Enhanced Paraffin for Latent Heat Storage Applications
Authors: Singh Santosh Kumar , Kumar Rahul , Verma Sujit Kumar 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Present work focuses on the chemical synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticle which is further doped in phase changing material (paraffin) in different doping concentrations. Thereafter the thermo physical property of nano-enhanced phase-changing material is investigated through XRD,FTIR,DSC,EDAX XRD and TEM results show that The grain sizes of CuO NPs are in the range of 5 to 17 nm. Chemical composition and surface morphology are shown by EDAX and FESEM. DSC analysis shows that maximum augmentation in latent heat of fusion and the melting temperature of NEPCM occurs for 2% of doping concentration nonmaterial which further decreases dramatically over 2%. of concentration.