bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two Theories of Natural Justice in Plato’sGorgias
Authors: Catana Leo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn Plato’sGorgias482c4–484c3, Callicles advances a concept of natural justice: the laws of thepolismust agree with nature, that is, human nature. Since human nature is characterised by its desire to get a greater share (pleon echein), nature itself makes it legitimate that stronger human beings get a greater share than weaker ones. Socrates objects: Callicles’ theoretical approach to civic life poses a threat to thepolis’ community, its citizens, and to the friendship amongst its citizens. However, Socrates accepts Callicles’ premise, that the laws of thepolismust agree with nature (again, human nature). Still, he disagrees with Callicles about the nature of human nature and proposes an alternative theory of human nature, eventually leading to his alternative concept of natural justice. The article explains the arguments underpinning these two concepts of natural justice, including the conflicting understandings of human nature.
Between Truth and Meaning. A Novel Interpretation of theSymplokein Plato’sSophist
Authors: Giovannetti Lorenzo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper, I provide an interpretation of thesymploke ton eidonatSoph. 259e. My goal is to show that the specific metaphysical view expressed by the interweaving of forms best accounts for Plato’s explanation of truth and falsehood. In the first section, I introduce the fundamentals of the interpretation of the greatest kinds and their functions. After that, I propose an interpretation of the assertion at 259e, the upshot of which is that the interweaving of forms only deals with extra-linguistic items, that it is related to both truth and meaning of linguistic items, in a very complex way which I aim to explain throughout the paper, and that it never involves sensible particulars. In the second section, I put forward my reading of the Stranger’s description of howlogoiare structured and how they work. I pay particular attention to the view that words reveal being when they intertwine to form a statement. In the third section, I interpret the statements concerning Theaetetus. My goal is to advance a new reading of the specific role that kinds and their interweaving play with regard to the truth and falsehood of the statements concerning Theaetetus. The result is the very specific view that the kinds, which are the separated ontological cause of what happens in space and time, are the grounds of both the truth and the meaning of statements.
La sintassi del cosmo: osservazioni su un volume recente
Authors: Alessandrelli Michele 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This note does examine a recent volume by Ada Bronowski on the Stoic doctrine of the lekta (The Stoics on Lekta. All There Is to Say, OUP, 2019). The first part summarizes its content, while the second discusses some critical and controversial points, in particular the Platonic tenor of the interpretation of the Stoic lekta offered by the Author. This interpretation gives an extra-linguistic and realistic function to items that the Stoics cautiously left under-determined from the ontological point of view.
A pilot study exploring the relationship between urban greenspace accessibility and mental health prevalence in the City of San Diego in the context of socioeconomic and demographic factors
Authors: Wilderman Alexis , Lam Marcus , Yin Zhi-Yong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The connection between urban greenspace and mental health is a robust but unsettled area of research in the public health and urban planning literatures. Inconsistent findings in prior studies are mostly due to differences in greenspace measurements and interrelations with socio-demographic factors. This study examines the relationships of mental health prevalence (MHP) with health prevention, socioeconomic and race-ethnicity factors, and proximity to greenspace at the census-tract level in the City of San Diego, California, using data from the CDC 500 Cities Project and US Census Bureau. We considered three greenspace proximity measures: distances to specified vegetation types, parks, and tree cover. Spear-man’s rank correlation showed that MHP was significantly correlated to distances to greenspace (rho = 0.480), parks (rho = 0.234), and tree cover (rho = 0.342), and greenspace proximity plus crime occurrence explained 37.8% of the variance in MHP in regression analysis. Further analysis revealed that socioeconomic status, race-ethnicity, and health prevention explained more than 93% of the variance in MHP, while greenspace proximity did not enter the regression model with statistical significance. We discovered that certain socioeconomic and race-ethnicity variables, such as proportion of Hispanic population, poverty, and regular checkup, may fully represent the effects of greenspace on MHP in the City of San Diego. Regression analysis for three subsections of the city suggested that different predictors of MHP should be considered in formulating intervention measures. Our results indicate the need to improve mental health conditions through a range of interventions that address the disparities experienced by racial-ethnic minorities and those in lower-socioeconomic classes.
Pregnancy-associated breast cancer: the influence of gestational age
Authors: Suelmann Britt B M , van Dooijeweert Carmen , Bakhuis Carsten F J , Linn Sabine , van der Wall Elsken , van Diest Paul J 
Published: December 2021

Whether pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) arise before or during pregnancy and whether this histopathology is affected by gestational age are currently unclear. The present study assesses the influence of gestational age and lactation on the histopathologic profile of PABC.
We identified 744 patients with PABC (defined as breast cancer during pregnancy or 6 months following delivery). Histopathologic features were compared between pregnant and postpartum patients.
We found that age at diagnosis was 34.2 years, and a majority of cancers were diagnosed during pregnancy (71.3%). Within pregnant patients, tumors were significantly more often estrogen receptor (ER)-negative in second and third trimesters (57.4%), as compared to first trimesters (41.9%) (P  = 0.036). Similarly, a progesterone receptor (PR)-negative status was reported significantly less often within first trimesters (38.0%) compared to second and third trimesters (57.1%) (P  = 0.032). For human EGF receptor 2 status, no significant differences were observed between gestational trimesters or lactating vs non-lactating patients. In postpartum patients, grade III tumors were found in over 80%, with high percentages of ER-negative tumors reaching 63% in those lactating vs 49% in non-lactating patients.
This study demonstrates the varying histopathologic profile of PABC by gestational age and lactation status. Second- and third-trimester cancers display most typically the common ER/PR-negative phenotype, which is commonly reported in the literature. The increased ER-negative status and percentage grade III tumors in lactating vs non-lactating patients also suggest the presence of additional factors further diversifying histology. This indicates the need for clear definitions of PABC and the role of potential subgroups, which may provide a stepping stone for further in-depth research into PABC-carcinogenesis.
El Sistema de Salud Colombiano y el reconocimiento de la enfermedad de Alzheimer
Authors: Romero Vanegas Sara Julieta , Vargas González Juan Camilo , Pardo Turriago Rodrigo , Eslava- Schmalbach Javier Hernando , Moreno Angarita Marisol 
Published: December 2021

La enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) es la más común de las demencias; es un problema de salud pública en el Mundo, pero en Colombia no hace parte de las prioridades del Estado. El presente ensayo aborda cómo el sistema de salud colombiano reconoce, identifica y provee servicios a los pacientes con EA, desde una óptica de la Justicia Social. En primera medida se evalúa la información generada por la academia, su correlato con la normativa vigente y su articulación. Se explora la lógica utilitarista del sistema de salud colombiano y el incentivo a la maximización de ganancias de los aseguradores y cómo esto ha llevado a los pacientes a exigir la restitución de derechos a través de la acción de tutela. Se explora el sistema de codificación y diagnostico usado para la generación de información y como esta es imprecisa en los canales de información consolidada. Por otra parte, se valora como el rol de la familia se hace parte fundamental del proceso, y cómo esta termina siendo víctima del mismo. Finalmente, se plantea reflexiones de cómo pueden abordarse las dificultades identificadas desde una perspectiva de la Justicia Social.
Modelo dinámico para proyectar la necesidad de recursos humanos en salud: anestesistas en Uruguay
Authors: Cavalleri Ferrari Fiorella , Segura Ángel , Buglioli Marisa , Riva Juan , Barber Patricia 
Published: December 2021

Objetivo Desarrollar un modelo dinámico para simular la oferta de médicos especialistas y estimar la brecha especto a la demanda/necesidad en anestesiología en el sistema de salud del Uruguay.
Métodos Se desarrolló un modelo de simulación dinámico determinístico implementado en el programa libre R. Se analizaron las proyecciones en el período 2011-2050 y se estimó la brecha a partir de la situación de equilibrio o desequilibrio entre oferta y demanda/necesidad. Se evaluó la calidad del modelo comparando los valores simulados con los datos históricos, con indicadores de bondad de ajuste, como la raíz del error cuadrático medio relativo (rRMSE). Se realizó un análisis de sensibilidad con respecto a los cupos de ingreso a la especia- lidady la tasa de crecimiento de la necesidad de especialistas.
Resultados Se proyectó la oferta y demanda de anestesistas para el período considerado. Se obtuvo un rRMSE menor a 0,1, lo que sugiere que el modelo propuesto reproduce adecuadamente la dinámica de la oferta real. Para el período proyectado la situación a mediano y largo plazo es de equilibrio.
Conclusión El modelo simulado presenta buen ajuste, por lo que la proyección de la oferta de Recursos Humanos (RR. HH.) representa de forma precisa la disponibilidad futura de la fuerza de trabajo. Además, el modelo representa un insumo de interés para la gestión informada sobre la necesidad de recursos humanos y las políticas de salud, dado que permite evaluar las proyecciones bajo diferentes escenarios.
Study of Floristic Composition of Arnica Montana L. Grasslands Exploited Low-Input
Authors: ROTAR Ioan , PÄ‚CURAR Florin , VIDICAN Roxana , BOGDAN Anca , DEAK Denes , BANTO Erika 
Published: December 2021

In sustainable view and given the new climate and demographic phenomena, the mountains must be a clean living environment, supplier of energy, biodiversity and food for humans and animals, adequate safety measures and good management, with continued compliance with the balance agroforestry and preventing human depopulation and agricultural traditions and cultural degradation. Oligotrophic grasslands from GÃ¢rda de Sus village was a subject ofÂ Arnica Project (2004-2007, www.arnica-montana.ro). This project aimed at sustainable exploitation ofÂ Arnica montana L. species benefit and welfare of local people. So, oligotrophic grasslands have managed so as to maintain the speciesÂ Arnica montana L. in abundance-dominance as possible. Following this project was set into remote exploit local speciesÂ Arnica montana L. and that capitalize on the international market as certified product. Interests of entrepreneurs are to maintain the existing flora in the oligotrophic meadows. The obiective of our study is to evaluate the effect of low-inputs on a grassland ofÂ Arnica montanaÂ Â L. from boreal floor, GÃ¢rda de Sus, Apuseni Mountains, Romania. In Apuseni Mountains, extensive grazing and extensive meadow management practices have been typically for subsistencebased or small-scale farming systems in areas of low agriculture productivity. However, longer term effects of these grasslands need to be investigated.
Quality Assessment of Festuca Arundinacea (Schreb.) Seeds Through Laboratory
Authors: RUJAN Cristian , COJOCARIU Luminița , HORABLAGA Marinel M. , BORDEAN Despina- Maria , DURÄ‚U Carmen , CICIO James 
Published: December 2021

Festuca ArundinaceaÂ Â is one of the most valuable fodder plants, successfully grown in RomÃ¢nia.Â Festuca Arundinacea crop quality depends on the quality of seeds, therefore vigour tests are essential, as they describe the behaviour of seeds under various growth conditions. The paper aims at assessing the quality ofÂ Festuca Arundinacea seeds and the efficiency of the methods to determine them. The biological material used consisted ofÂ Festuca Arundinacea seeds, Palma variety, stored in uncontrolled conditions, one year after harvest. The present paper assesses several seed parameters: total germination, normal seedlings, abnormal seedlings, dead seeds, seed weight, as well as the appearance of normal seedlings ( after 7 to 14 days) through three laboratory methods : BP (between paper) test ( V1, V2, V3, V4), sand S test (V5) and top of paper TP test (V6). Seed germination percentage for Palma variety ranged from 74% (V4) to 79% (V1 and V6). Low germination is especially caused by the large number of dead seeds, the main cause being the improper storage conditions. According to the results of this experiment, cluster analysis showed the efficiency of the BP test, without pre-cooling, and of TP test, in emphasizing the quality characteristics ofÂ Festuca arundinaceaÂ Â seeds, Palma variety. Sand test S, which is actually the hardest to run, is less suitable for this research.
Comparison Between some Corn Synthetic Populations Obtained from Transylvanian
Authors: MUNTEAN Leon , HAS Ioan , HAS Voichita , GULEA Alin 
Published: December 2021

Synthetic varieties of corn are open-pollinated populations obtained by cross-pollination of a group of inbred lines. Besides the inbred lines, corn synthetics can be obtained from local populations or hybrids. In general, they are superior to local populations but not exceeding heterotic hybrids. The main advantage of corn synthetic varieties is that their heterosis does not diminish significantly in FÂ 2 generation. Interest in this biological category increased after 1999, when CIMMYT's considered viable alternatives in areas where use of hybrid seed is too expensive (especially in developing countries). Obtaining corn synthetics from local populations aims at enriching their gene pool with a large number of valuable genes derived from local populations that are characteristic to some agricultural areas. SCDA Turda tried to exploit the large number of local populations still existing in Romania, and obtained a series of synthetics intended for areas that still practice subsistence agriculture. To assess their value, we tested six synthetics obtained from local populations in comparison with one traditional synthetic derived from inbred lines; two locations and two experimental years have been considered and the conclusions have been included in this paper. Synthetic populations derived from a combination of local populations cannot be used as such in production due to their lower yield performance and low resistance to stalk breaking and falling. Nevertheless, they can be valuable sources of genes for the following traits: vegetative period, earliness, resistance to low spring temperatures, resistance toÂ Fusarium , precocity and the content of fat, protein, fiber and minerals.
Research Concerning Nitrogen Fixation in Fodder Systems Based on Italian Ryegrass
Authors: GHIOCEL Cristian , DRAGOMIR Neculai , VIDICAN Roxana , TOTH Sebastian , MORARU Nicoleta 
Published: December 2021

In any agricultural system based on legumes, nitrogen balance should take into account the flow of NÂ 2 by legume species. In this flow, the amount of N2 fixed by legumes is considered a reserve amount of nitrogen which, through harvesting, is removed from the nitrogen balance. The aim of the present paper is to assess the amount of nitrogen fixed biologically (NFB) in some legume species sowed in association and of the share of this amount of NFB of the total amount of nitrogen from the productions obtained. Thus, in the fodder system made up of Italian ryegrass + red clover cultivated for two years, the amount of NFB in the first year was 60 kg/ha. If we relate the amount of NFB to the amount of nitrogen exported through the fodder biomass, we see that the share of NFB varies between 22 and 42%.
Assessment of Soil Erosion and its Impact on Humus Spatial and Temporal Dynamics.
Authors: PATRICHE Cristian Valeriu , PáŽRNÄ‚U Radu Gabriel , ROȘCA Bogdan , STOICA Dan Laurentiu 
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to quantify soil surface erosion using the Universal Soil Loss Equation in GIS environment and to assess its impact on soil humus reserve. The quantifying of soil surface erosion was performed by integrating in GIS the thematic raster representations of the erosion control parameters which exhibit spatial variability within the limiÂ ts of the study region (DobrovÄƒÅ£ Basin, The Central Moldavian Plateau, eastern Romania). Soil erodibility was computed according to ICPA (1987) standards, on the basis of soil type, texture and erosion degree, using a soil map of the basin at scale 1: 5000. Slope length was derived from a 20m resolution digital elevation model using SAGA-GIS software, while slope factor was determined according to the Romanian methodology by raising the slope values at the power of 1.5. Finally, the vegetation factor was computed on the basis of the normalized difference vegetation index derived from a 2001 Landsat image, using the equation proposed by Van der Knijff et al. (1999). Subsequently, we derived the potential soil erosion, controlled exclusively by soil-relief factors and the effective soil erosion, by integrating the effect of vegetation. The potential soil erosion show a mean value of 15.6 t/ha yr and a standard deviation of 16.6 t/ha yr. The integration of the vegetation effect decreases the mean value to 5.4 t/ha yr and the standard deviation to 6.7 t/ha yr. Most of the basinâ€™s surface (48.7%) falls into the reduced erosion risk class (2-8 t/ha yr), while the high and very high erosion risk classes group 7.3% of the basin. The assessment of the erosion impact on soil carbon stock was performed by coupling the USLE model with a HÃ©ninÂ -Dupuis mono-compartmental humus evolution model. The simulation was performed for the first 20cm of the soil profile, using a database of 224 soil profiles. The results of the simulation show that 76% of the soil profiles display a regressive evolution of the humus reserve under the impact of the soil erosion. The mean humus loss for these profiles is 36.3 t/ha for 100 years of simulation.
Researches Regarding Vegetal Associations Specific to a Mountain Meadow
Authors: VOSGAN Zorica , VIDICAN Roxana , MARIAN Monica , MIHALESCU Lucia , MARE ROSCA Oana , DUMUTA Anca 
Published: December 2021

The present study is focused on a volcanic mountain area of Maramures (Gutai Mountains) with specific vegetation that requires identification and analysis. The flora of these meadows has a natural character. The phytosociological study was performed and there was found vegetal associations belonging to classesÂ Nardo - Callunetea Prsg. 1949, Molinio - Arrhenatheretea R. Tx. 1937 andÂ Vaccinio-Piceetea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939. The revealing species of the associations indicate a relatively poor floristic composition; great coverage hasÂ Nardus stricta, mainly due to acid substrate and to the bryophytes layer developed. Each vegetal association is described by analysis of the bioforms, of the floristic elements, geoelements, ecological indices and economic value. In all the vegetal associations hemicryptophytes exceeds other categories of bioforms, and considering the geoelements, the greatest rate is held by the Eurasian elements. From the point of view of the ecological character prevails mesophilic plants, micro-mesotherms and euritherms, euriionics and acidophilus. Meadows have a very low nutritive value and a low productivity, especially because of excessive grazing. Mosaic distribution of phytocoenosis is due to the uneven distribution of the climatic factors depending on the exhibition and on the degree of slope inclination.
Monitoring of Western Flower Thrips Population in a Greenhouse Tomato Crop
Authors: COVACI Anca Dafina , OLTEAN Ion , RAICA Paul Andrei , MITRE Viorel 
Published: December 2021

Frankliniella occidentalisÂ Â (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is an important pest in vegetable and ornamental greenhouse crops due their direct damage by feeding and indirect damage by vectoring Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV). Also, is very well known that they have an extremely high resistance to a wide range of insecticide. Thus by monitoring thrips population appropriate control plans can be established. Western flower thrips was reported in all greenhouses from Cluj County (Romania). In order to assess thrips population dynamic and color preference we conducted a research in a plastic greenhouse of 8000 mÂ 2 placed outside of Cluj-Napoca where the main cultivated crops were tomatoes (Â Solanum lycopersicum ) and the main thrips pest found was western flower thirps. During the sample period pest population was monitored weekly using two methods: by counting thrips trapped on five different colored sticky cards (blue, yellow, white, red and transparent) and by a technique based on leaves tapping. Data analysis showed no correlation between traps and tapping method. Blue and yellow traps had the highest attractiveness compared with all the others colors and between those, blue proved to be the most effective.
Results on Economic Efficiency in Marigoldâ€™s Growing in Climatic Conditions
Authors: DUDA Simona , MUNTEAN Leon Sorin , DUDA Marcel M. 
Published: December 2021

.Â Â In the experimental field of UASVM Cluj-Napoca from Jucu we performed, between 2008- 2010, a series of research on the behavior of eight varieties of marigold, in three conditions of soil fertilization with manure. Marigold experimental variants were established by direct seeding by hand, at a distance of 70 cm between rows. Each cultivar was sown in four repetitions, each 25 sqm. The annual average air temperature in Jucu was 10.71Âº C in 2008, 11.12Âº C in 2009 and 11.21Âº C in 2010. In terms of rainfall, 2008 was very dry, 2009 excessively dry and 2010 was very wet. Climatic conditions were favorable for growing marigolds. Economic efficiency indicators were calculated to reveal the effectiveness of soil fertilization with organic fertilizers and value the tested cultivars, in terms of production. Economic efficiency calculation was performed using marigold yields obtained in 2008-2010 in the three agrofunds (F0, F20 and F40). There were dried marigoldâ€™s flower productions between 1.042 and 1Â .700 kg / ha. The highest yields were obtained in 2008, when climatic conditions were more favorable than in other years. The greatest net profit (average 2008 - 2010) was obtained by cultivation of Belezza del Pacifico (3.69 thousands lei/ha), followed by Cluj 2 (3.65 thousands lei/ha) and Starsem 922 (3.50 thousands lei/ha).