bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Un conte de deux villes : une géohistoire comparée de São Paulo et Lyon, 500 000 habitants en 1920
Authors: Gauthiez Bernard , Bueno Beatriz Piccolotto Siqueira , Fonseca Fernanda Padovesi , Biaggi Leca De , Kantor Iris , Kuvasney Eliane , Oliva Jaime Tadeu , Chareire Olivier , Dutenkefer Eduardo , Rocha Letícia Falasqui Tachinardi , Zoboli Luciano 
Published: July 2021

L’objectif de cet article est la compréhension des dynamiques de transformation de São Paulo et Lyon au moment où les deux villes ont la même population, en 1920, avec 500 000 habitants, et dans les décennies antérieures. L’une est alors en pleine trajectoire d’ascension, et l’autre mature mais économiquement très dynamique. On fait l’hypothèse et montre ici que la comparaison, par ses exigences méthodologiques, est à même de renouveler la compréhension des phénomènes en jeu. À partir des travaux de deux groupes de chercheurs, brésiliens et français, les problématiques des transports publics, du développement industriel et de la croissance spatiale sont traitées. Cela a nécessité de développer des outils efficaces pour traiter de ces questions, en utilisant des recherches capitalisées depuis une quinzaine d’années, et grâce à un effort soutenu en matière d’humanités numériques, notamment les Systèmes d’Information Géographique, qui impliquent des données de même nature et mises en forme de la même façon.
Espaço rural, desenvolvimento e conflitos territoriais em Caetité – Bahia
Authors: Figueredo Dhione Andrade , Santiago João Phelipe 
Published: July 2021

Objetivamos apresentar reflexões acerca das transformações do espaço rural do município de Caetité – Bahia, ocasionadas pela inserção de projetos desenvolvimentistas nesse espaço. Utilizaremos referências bibliográficas como subsídios sobre a reconfiguração territorial, assim como o viés ideológico do discurso de modernização e desenvolvimento, e da apropriação deste pelo Estado. Concomitantemente usaremos parte do material coletado em atividade de campo, na qual foram ouvidos moradores locais que relataram as consequências da inserção das atividades da Bahia Mineração (BAMIN) e da construção da Ferrovia de Integração Oeste-Leste (FIOL) nessas comunidades rurais locais. Dessa forma traçaremos paralelos sobre os conflitos territoriais vivenciados por moradores de comunidades rurais que lutam pela permanência nesses espaços e pela preservação dos recursos naturais existentes, delineando um cenário sobre a produção do espaço nessa situação geográfica.
Les pratiques enseignantes mises en récit
Authors: Marcel Jean-François 
Published: July 2021

Cet article, méthodologique au sens plein du terme, présente une démarche d’étude des pratiques enseignantes en cinq étapes, basée sur leur mise en récit, en argumentant de l’intérêt du rapprochement entre action et récit. Cette démarche mobilise des dispositifs d’observation et d’entretiens et défend le recours à trois récits différents (le récit de l’observateur, le récit de l’enseignant et les pratiques en récit qui, selon le principe de la double lecture, articulent les deux précédents) structurés chaque fois par des schémas narratifs. L’article analyse également les fondements épistémologiques de cette méthode au travers d’une clarification théorique des « pratiques enseignantes » qui, en lien avec les travaux du réseau OPEN, débouche sur un modèle quaternaire et sur une clarification des orientations de recherches et des postures en lien avec l’engagement de chercheur.
Temporal Trends in Sepsis Incidence and Mortality in Patients With Cancer in the US Population
Authors: Liu Michael A. , Bakow Brianna R. , Hsu Tzu-Chun , Chen Jia-Yu , Su Ke-Ying , Asiedu Emmanuel K. , Hsu Wan-Ting , Lee Chien-Chang 
Published: July 2021

Background
Few population-based studies assess the impact of cancer on sepsis incidence and mortality.

Objectives
To evaluate epidemiological trends of sepsis in patients with cancer.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included adults (≥20 years old) identified using sepsis-indicator International Classification of Diseases codes from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database (2006-2014). A generalized linear model was used to trend incidence and mortality. Outcomes in patients with cancer and patients without cancer were compared using propensity score matching. Cox regression modeling was used to calculate hazard ratios for mortality rates.

Results
The study included 13 996 374 patients, 13.6% of whom had cancer. Gram-positive infections were most common, but the incidence of gram-negative infections increased at a greater rate. Compared with patients without cancer, those with cancer had significantly higher rates of lower respiratory tract (35.0% vs 31.6%), intra-abdominal (5.5% vs 4.6%), fungal (4.8% vs 2.9%), and anaerobic (1.2% vs 0.9%) infections. Sepsis incidence increased at a higher rate in patients with cancer than in those without cancer, but hospital mortality rates improved equally in both groups. After propensity score matching, hospital mortality was higher in patients with cancer than in those without cancer (hazard ratio, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.24-1.26). Of patients with sepsis and cancer, those with lung cancer had the lowest survival (hazard ratio, 1.65) compared with those with breast cancer, who had the highest survival.

Conclusions
Cancer patients are at high risk for sepsis and associated mortality. Research is needed to guide sepsis monitoring and prevention in patients with cancer.
Infestation parameters for chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera) parasitising true thrushes (Aves: Passeriformes: Turdidae) in Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Galloway Terry D. , Lamb Robert J. , Rempel Zoe D.L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSeven species of Turdidae (Aves: Passeriformes) in Manitoba, Canada were examined for chewing lice (Phthiraptera) in 1993–2019: Turdus migratorius (N = 570), Catharus ustulatus (N = 135), Catharus guttatus (N = 49), Catharus minimus (N = 12), Catharus fuscescens (N = 1), Sialia sialis (N = 4), and Sialia currucoides (N = 3). Five species of lice on T. migratorius had a prevalence of 24.0% and a mean intensity of 16.7. Overall prevalence for lice on C. ustulatus, C. guttatus, and C. minimus was 25.0%–59.2%; mean intensity was 7.0–23.3. On S. sialis, the prevalence was 50.0%; mean intensity was 10.0. No lice infested C. fuscescens or S. currucoides. Infestation parameters for each louse–host combination are provided. Louse infestations were highly aggregated. Female lice were more prevalent than males, especially for Ricinus elongatus (Phthiraptera: Amblycera: Ricinidae) infesting T. migratorius (eight males; 81 females), or there was no significant deviation from 50:50. Infestation parameters were higher for adult T. migratorius than for juveniles or feathered chicks but not significantly so. Mean intensity was greater in spring than in fall. Louse abundance was lower than on hosts of similar size in Manitoba and lower than on thrushes in other studies.
Robotic Freyer's prostatectomy
Authors: Waigankar Santosh S. , Yuvaraja Thyavihally B. , Dev Preetham , Agarwal Varun , Pednekar Abhinav P. , Kulkarni Bijal 
Published: July 2021

Introduction:
Transurethral resection of prostate replaced open surgery and remained the gold standard in surgical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Holmium laser enucleation and bipolar resection of prostate managed even larger glands. Open simple prostatectomy remains an option for large glands and concurrent pathologies. Minimally invasive laparoscopic simple prostatectomy lacks general acceptance. Surgeons have now started exploring the robotic platform due to its advantages. Herein, we present the technique and initial outcomes of robotic Freyer's prostatectomy (RFP).

Materials and Methods:
Thirteen transperitoneal RFPs were performed using the DaVinci Xi platform. We evaluated perioperative characteristics and functional outcomes.

Results:
Median patient age was 67.8 years and the mean prostate volume was 105.8 ml. The median International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and American Urological Association quality of life (AUA-QoL) score was 19.6 and 5.3. There were no intraoperative complications or conversion to open surgery. The mean console time and estimated blood loss were 107.30 min and 92.5 ml, respectively. One patient required redo-surgery by robotic technique due to urine leak (Clavien-Dindo Grade 3b complication). Mean hospital stay and catheter duration were 4.9 days and 5.2 days, respectively. Change (preoperative vs. postoperative) in IPSS (19.6 vs. 4.67 points), maximum flow rate (6.8 vs. 15.1 ml/s), AUA-QoL score (5.3 vs. 2.2 points) and PVR (179.4 vs 7.1 ml) were significant (P < 0001).

Conclusions:
RFP is a safe and effective option for managing BPH, especially for large glands. It confers minimally invasive surgery benefits with good functional outcomes.
Using Early Recollections to Explore Personality Trait, Self-efficacy, and Insight in Depressive Patients
Authors: Chen Wei-Jen , Chou Frank Huang-Chih 
Published: July 2021

Objective:
Early life experience forms a template for the self-perception of an individual, and negative representations make individuals vulnerable to depression. To explore the deep inner world of patients with depression using objective early life experience measures is not easy. In the present study, we intended to clarify the use of subjective early recollections (ER) in exploring the inner world of depressive patients.

Methods:
We interviewed 80 depressive inpatients with ER and evaluated whether they had a feeling sense of belonging to their caregivers, and whether they had a positive self-image. They were also assessed using the Taiwanese version Type D Scale-14, Chinese version General Self-efficacy Scale, the Taiwanese version of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and Insight Interview.

Results:
Independent t-test was used to test the significant differences between feeling belonging/not feeling belonging groups and between positive or negative self-image groups on the variables of Type D personality traits, self-efficacy, illness insight, and comorbid psychiatric disorders with effect sizes ranging from 0.4 to 1.3.

Conclusion:
Our study showed that ER could function as a window through which depressive patients' inner life. Thus, we suggested that ER can be considered an important part of the clinical assessment methods for depressive patients.
Seasonal variation of enteric bacteria population in surface water sources among rural communities of Ijebu North, Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Egberongbe H.O. , Bankole M.O. , Popoola T.O.S. , Olowofeso O. 
Published: July 2021

The study assessed the effect of seasonal variation on enteric bacteria population in water sources of six different communities between April 2017 and March 2018 using conventional microbiological methods. Bacteria belonging to the enteric family were primarily investigated in this study. The bacteriological analyses included total viable bacterial counts and phenotypic characterization. The bacteriological analyses showed that total heterotrophic counts ranged from 1.2 × 104 cfu/ml to 3.0 × 104 cfu/ml and from 1.0 × 104 cfu/ml to 2.0 × 104 cfu/ml during the dry and wet seasons, respectively. One hundred and twenty-two potentially pathogenic species of bacteria representing 10 genera were identified. These included Acinetobacter sp., Enterobacter sp., Escherichia coli, Shigella sp., Salmonella sp., and Proteus sp. Others are Serratia sp., Pseudomonas sp., Yersinia sp., and Klebsiella sp. Results showed that bacteria isolated (10) were higher during the rainy season while Klebsiella sp (24) and Enterobacter sp (30) were the predominant species. It was apparent that water sources investigated in this study were unsafe for domestic use due to the presence of these pathogenic bacteria. So, there is a need for the provision of safe water in these communities to prevent outbreaks of waterborne disease.
Key words: microbial, potable water, rural dwellers, seasonal variation
Derechos sociales en la autodenominada 4a transformación de México
Authors: Luna Leal Marisol , Adriano Fabre Armando 
Published: July 2021

La declaratoria de pandemia realizada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud -OMS- a causa del SARS-CoV2 -COVID19- en marzo de 2020, implicaba no solo que los Estados debían definir e implementar un Plan Estratégico de Preparación y Respuesta Integral a dicha enfermedad, sino también, revisar y reconsiderar la planeación, estrategias, acciones y metas de gobierno. Ningún Estado preocupado por una eficaz y eficiente administración, así como para el cumplimiento de su fin último era la excepción. En la perspectiva referida, y ante la magnitud de los efectos generados por dicha pandemia, se hizo evidente, así como urgente dicha revisión y reconsideración, toda vez que, como se deduce de los datos precisados, la implementación de una política social eficiente, eficaz, suficiente, y con ello la protección de los derechos sociales resulta estratégica.
Por lo anterior, la presente colaboración tiene como propósito presentar, por una parte, una revisión genérica de la tutela de los derechos sociales a la luz de la aprobación y aplicación del Presupuesto de Egresos de la Federación para el ejercicio fiscal 2021; y, por otra, la identificación de algunos de los retos que vislumbramos para una adecuada tutela de éstos, en un escenario de fragilidad institucional, fragmentación de los instrumentos disponibles y altos niveles de incertidumbre.
MUSA-BEY TUGANOV’S MISSION FOR THE RETURN OF CAUCASIAN SETTLERS FROM SYRIA
Authors: ЧОЧИЕВ Г.В. , МАРЗОЕВ И.-Б.Т. 
Published: July 2021

Проблема возвращения на родину представителей северокавказской диаспо­ры возникла вскоре после начала массовых миграций горцев в Османскую империю в 1860-х гг., однако в силу негативной позиции в данном вопросе официальных Санкт-Петербурга и Стамбула не получила своего решения. Попытки отдельных се­верокавказских общественных деятелей остановить поток эмиграции своих соотече­ственников в султанские владения дали лишь ограниченный результат. В свете этого обращает на себя внимание относящаяся к концу XIX – началу XX в. инициатива представителей горской традиционной знати по организации возвращения части проживающих в Сирии переселенцев на Кавказ, описываемая в публикуемых мемуа­рах М.Дж. Туганова. Текст содержит свидетельства обеспокоенности горских элит нарушением этнодемографического баланса в регионе из-за продолжающегося исхода оттуда коренного населения, их возможностей лоббирования проекта репатриации северокавказцев в высших эшелонах российской власти и координации ими своих уси­лий с высокопоставленными османскими черкесами. Отказ подавляющего большин­ства колонистов от предоставленной им возможности возвращения на Кавказ от­ражает факт их успешной адаптации и интеграции к этому времени на их новой родине. Интерес представляют также наблюдения Туганова за особенностями жизни и социального поведения известных и рядовых членов северокавказского диаспорного сообщества в османском государстве.
The problem of repatriation of the representatives of North Caucasian diaspora arose shortly after the start of mass migrations of mountaineers to the Ottoman Empire in the 1860s. However, due to the negative position on this issue of official St. Petersburg and Istanbul, the problem has not been resolved. Attempts by individual North Caucasian public figures to stop the flow of emigration of their compatriots to the sultan’s domains yielded only limited results. In light of this, attention is drawn to the initiative of some representatives of the Mountaineer traditional nobility, dating back to the late XIX and early XX c., to organize the return to the Caucasus of some of the migrants living in Syria, which is described in the memoirs of M.J. Tuganov. The text contains evidence of the concern of the Mountaineer elites about the alteration of the ethno-demographic balance in the region due to the ongoing exodus of the indigenous population, their abilities to lobby in the upper echelons of Russian power for the project of repatriation of North Caucasians and their coordination with some high-ranking Ottoman Circassians. The refusal of the overwhelming majority of the settlers from the opportunity to return to the Caucasus reflects the fact of their successful adaptation and integration by this time in their new homeland. Tuganov’s observations of the peculiarities of life and social behavior of well-known and ordinary members of the North Caucasian diaspora community in the Ottoman state are also of interest.
IS COVID-19 TRANSITIONING CASH COWS INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS INTO CATS?
Authors: Qureshi Fayyaz Hussain , Khawaja Sarwar 
Published: July 2021

<p>The Covid-19 pandemic has impacted every aspect of human life. It has disrupted people’s lifestyles around the world and international students are no exception. Every industry has been affected, including higher education (HE); for the first time ever in the HE sector, learning and teaching adopted online platforms to deliver the curriculum. At the same time, there has been growing interest in the business of international students across the globe. More than five million international students are currently studying in higher education institutions (HEIs) outside their home countries. It is often assumed that HEIs consider international students a source of revenue and, therefore, seek to recruit as many as possible. The United Kingdom is the second largest and most popular global destination for international students after the United States. The primary purpose of this study is to assess the impact of COVID-19 on international student enrolment around the world in general and in the UK in particular. Our findings show that international students are cash cows, and COVID-19 had a significant impact on the recruitment of international students. </p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0865/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
MOST EFFECTIVE INTERNATIONALLY EMERGING IMPLEMENTATION MODELS IN TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS OVER THE LAST DECADE
Authors: Al Darayseh Abdulla , Al Sadi Sultan , Alramamneh Yahia 
Published: July 2021

<p>This study aims to identify effective internationally emerging implementation models in teacher professional development. Several trends in teacher Professional Development are influencing the nature and quality of teacher professional development. The meta-analysis method was used in this study by identifying, collecting, and analysis potential studies to reach the findings. The results show that professional development has the potential to transform the education scene when supported by all industry players. Policy plays a vital role in the success of programs like PD programs. Policies surrounding the government of this model should be carefully structured to guide the PD programs appropriately as well as formulators should be industry players who understand the drivers that affect the education sector and in particular the educators. Good policy choices will mean that the PD stands a chance to be effective. The PD program should be provided with all the necessary resources for it to be effective and to enable smooth running. Educators should be facilitated with the necessary materials they require for the program. Lack of resources means that the PD program will not achieve its intended goals. Resources might be learning resources for the educator, allowances among many others. Extensive collaborations should be done by the sectors that could play a strong role in affecting the education, stakeholders, investors and other parties related in order to reach an agreement on the best model of PD. Additionally, there is a need to determine how best to run the PD programs to be beneficial to the education system.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0781/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
Strategi Bertahan Pengemudi Ojol di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Kota Makassar
Authors: Damayanti Nur 
Published: July 2021

The online motorcycle taxi application (ojol) has become one of the most widely used applications by the people of Indonesia. However, since the outbreak of Covid-19 in Indonesia, including Makassar, something has been "missing" from the applications, such as Gojek and Grab. At Gojek there is no longer a motorbike ordering menu (Goride); while in Grab, the GrabBike menu also disappeared. The menu disappeared as a result of government policies through the implementation of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) in order to break the chain of the spread of Covid-19. In order to continue to work in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, ojol drivers use various strategies. This article focuses on how the strategy of ojol drivers to survive during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Using qualitative approach, this study was carried out in Makassar as a metropolitan city, as one of the cities where ojol transportation drivers operate, as well as the city with the highest number of Covid-19 cases. There are fifteen informants who participated in this study, consisting of eight Gojek drivers and the rest were Grab drivers. Data was collected using the combination of observation and in-depth interview techniques. The study shows that the income of ojol drivers has decreased drastically since the Covid-19 outbreak, as the consequence of government policies through the PSBB which limited people’s mobility, including ojol drivers. In order to survive, ojol drivers use various strategies, such as living in a state of frugality, taking additional work (such as selling food in offline system, being a construction worker, opening a small tavern, etc.).
When conditions gradually improve and the PSBB policy is relaxed, they can again work with the application of general health protocols (3M: wearing masks, washing hands, and maintaining distance) and the application of specific health protocols is also enforced (such as the use of plastic insulators for taxi drivers or passengers carrying their own helmets for motorcycle taxis), so that they can continue to work to make a living in the middle of pandemic Covid-19, even though the income is not yet fully recovered.