bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Study of Yin-Chen-Hao-Tang Preventing and Treating Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Through PPAR Signaling Pathway Based on Network Pharmacology and RNA-Seq Transcriptomics
Authors: Zhu Yi-Wei , Li Du , Ye Ting-Jie , Qiu Feng-Jun , Wang Xiao-Ling , Yan Xiao-Feng , Lu Yan-Lin , Xu Wei , Li Hua , Hu Xu-Dong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is the first stage of the alcoholic liver disease course. Yin-Chen-Hao-Tang (YCHT) has a good clinical effect on the treatment of AFLD, but its molecular mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, we tried to explore the molecular mechanism of YCHT in improving hepatocyte steatosis in AFLD mice through network pharmacology and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) transcriptomics. Methods: Network pharmacological methods were used to analyze the potential therapeutic signaling pathways and targets of YCHT on AFLD. Then, the AFLD mice model was induced and YCHT was administered concurrently. Liver injury was measured by serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity and liver tissue H&E staining, and liver steatosis was determined by serum triglyceride (TG) level and liver tissue Oil Red staining. The molecular mechanism of YCHT on prevention and treatment of mice AFLD was investigated according to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of the differential expression genes data obtained by liver tissue RNA-Seq. Finally, the key signaling pathway and targets of YCHT on AFLD were verified in the ethanol-induced AFLD hepatocyte model by pathway inhibition experiments.Results: The results of network pharmacology analysis showed that YCHT may exert its pharmacological effect on AFLD through 312 potential targets which are involved in many signaling pathways including the PPAR signaling pathway. AFLD mice experiments results showed that YCHT markedly decreased mice serum ALT activity and serum TG levels. YCHT also significantly improved alcohol-induced hepatic injury and steatosis in mice livers. Furthermore, both KEGG analysis of RNA-Seq and AFLD hepatocyte model experiments showed that the PPAR signaling pathway should be the most relevant pathway of YCHT in the prevention and treatment of AFLD. YCHT could remarkably reduce the expression of PPARγ which is related to the lipogenesis pathway. YCHT also could increase the expression of PPARα which is related to the lipolysis pathway. Conclusions: Our study discovered that PPARγ and PPARα are the key targets and the PPAR signaling pathway is the main signaling pathway for YCHT to prevent and treat AFLD.
Truss Decomposition using Triangle Graphs
Authors: Rezvani Mohsen , Rezvani Mojtaba 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Recent studies have shown that social networks exhibit interesting characteristics such as community structures, i.e., vertexes can be clustered into communities that are densely connected together and loosely connected to other vertices. In order to identify communities, several definitions have been proposed that can characterize the density of connections among vertices in the networks. Dense triangle cores, also known as $k$-trusses, are subgraphs in which every edge participates at least $k-2$ triangles (a clique of size 3), exhibiting a high degree of cohesiveness among vertices. There are a number of research works that propose $k$-truss decomposition algorithms. However, existing in-memory algorithms for computing $k$-truss are inefficient for handling today’s massive networks. In this paper, we propose an efficient, yet scalable algorithm for finding $k$-trusses in a large-scale network. To this end, we propose a new structure, called triangle graph to speed up the process of finding the $k$-trusses and prove the correctness and efficiency of our method. We also evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms through extensive experiments using real-world networks. The results of comprehensive experiments show that the proposed algorithms outperform the state-of-the-art methods by several orders of magnitudes in running time.
Mindfulness, Empathy and Moral Sensitivity in Nurses: a Structural Equation Modeling Analysis
Authors: Rezapour-Mirsaleh Yasser , Aghabagheri Mahdi , Choobforoushzadeh Azadeh , Mohammadpanah Azra 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Nurses in work situations face with various moral issues and they can be such a challenge regarding interaction with patients; moral sensitivity of a nurse can help him/her to overcome these challenges. Regarding, the consideration of variables associated with moral sensitivity can be a real facilitator in overcoming such challenges. This study aimed to investigate the relationship among mindfulness, empathy, and moral sensitivity in a sample of nurses. Methods: In the present study, a cross-sectional design utilizing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was conducted. The nurses in a private hospital in Yazd, Iran, were invited to participate in the study (n=162). In order to gather the data, the Freiburg’s mindfulness inventory, moral sensitivity questionnaire, and revised Jefferson’s empathy scale were used. The hypothesized model was analyzed by SEM.Results: The results show that Mindfulness and empathy had a significant direct effect on moral sensitivity. However, mindfulness had an indirect effect on nurses’ moral sensitivity via empathy improvement (p<.01).Conclusion: Regarding the results, it can be concluded that via mindfulness improvement in nurses, it is possible to raise their moral sensitivity; considering the empathy role as a mediator, it is recommended mindfulness improvement is coincided with empathy.
Suppression of MIR31HG Affects the Functional Properties of Thyroid Cancer Cells Depending on miR-761/MAPK1 Axis
Authors: Peng Shuwang , Chen Luyang , Yuan Zhengtai , Duan Shanshan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) possess pivotal roles in human cancers, including thyroid cancer. In this study, we sought to elucidate the precise action of MIR31HG in the functional behaviors of thyroid cancer cells.Methods: MIR31HG, microRNA (miR)-761 and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) or immunoblotting analysis. Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration abilities were evaluated by MTS, 5-Ethynyl-2’-Deoxyuridine (EdU), flow cytometry, transwell and wound-healing assays, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to validate the relationship between miR-761 and MIR31HG or MAPK1. Mouse xenografts were formed to assess the effect of MIR31HG on tumor growth.Results: MIR31HG expression was at high levels in thyroid cancer. Suppression of MIR31HG impeded cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, as well as promoted cell apoptosis in vitro, and diminished the growth of xenograft tumors in vivo. Mechanistically, MIR31HG targeted and regulated miR-761. Moreover, the effects of MIR31HG suppression was partly dependent on increased abundance of miR-761. MAPK1 was established as a direct and functional target of miR-761. Furthermore, MIR31HG involved the modulation of MAPK1 expression through competitively binding to miR-761 by the shared binding sequence.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate the workings of an undescribed regulatory network, in which MIR31HG targets miR-761 to regulate MAPK1 expression, leading to the alteration of the functional behaviors of thyroid cancer cells.
Expression of Glycogenic Genes in the Oviduct of Chinese Brown Frog (Rana Dybowskii) During Pre-Hibernation
Authors: Fan Chang , Liu Yuning , Zhang Ao , Xie Wenqian , Zhang Haolin , Weng Qiang , Xu Meiyu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The oviduct of Chinese brown frog (Rana dybowskii) expands specifically during pre-hibernation. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Results: This study investigated the mRNA and protein expression levels of glycogenic genes in the oviduct of Rana dybowskii during the breeding season and pre-hibernation. Morphological studies revealed increased weight and enlarged diameter of the oviduct in pre-hibernation. Furthermore, significantly increased glycogen level was detected in the oviduct during pre-hibernation when compared to the breeding season. Transcriptome analysis further identified that the differentially expressed genes in the synthesis and metabolism pathways of carbohydrates in the oviduct during pre-hibernation. The relative mRNA levels of glycolysis and glycogenesis-related genes were up-regulated, while gluconeogenesis-related genes were down-regulated during pre-hibernation. Also, Western blot showed that glucose transporter and glycogen synthesis-related proteins, such as total-GYS, and p-GSK-3β were highly expressed in the oviduct during pre-hibernation. In addition, immunohistochemical data showed that glucose transporter and total-GYS, p-GYS, total-GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β related to glycogen synthesis were both expressed regionally in the oviduct of Rana dybowskii during the breeding season and pre-hibernation. Conclusions: The data suggests that carbohydrate metabolism plays an important role in the hibernation process of Rana dybowskii, and provides a new insight into the mechanism underlying the expansion of the oviduct of Rana dybowskii during pre-hibernation.
An Empirical Analysis of Software Fault Proneness Using Factor Analysis with Regression
Authors: Sharma Deepak , Chandra Pravin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

During the early stages of the life cycle development process for software, the developer mainly makes use of the fault prediction process for the development of different modules. These modules help in detecting faulty modules and classes. Further, this process also helps in determining the modules which require a high level of refactoring during the maintenance stage. The objective of this research is to classify faults and to explore the usability of Factor Analysis with Regression (FAWR) which drastically ameliorate the system performance. A review of recent studies performed that uses the different fault prediction techniques. To direct this research, two research questions (RQ) are defined, one related to the integration of techniques to enhance the development of fault prediction model, and another is to check the technique to overcome the limitations of old methods. To answer these RQs, FAWR techniques are used for predicting faults. To assess the quality of the technique, two experiments were conducted. Results show that FAWR is the better performing method among the two prediction methods investigated. The results proved that the prediction capability of FAWR technique is significantly better. Factorization method is able to classify a module whether it is fault-prone or not. The constructed models use to estimate the proneness of faults surpass the standard regression models. The system evaluations indicate that the reduction of terms results in the betterment of outcomes. Moreover, the consideration of FAWR is a significant technique for the prediction of faults in software.
The Trade-Off Between Economic Performance and Environmental Quality: Does Financial Inclusion Asymmetrically Matter for Emerging Asian Economies?
Authors: Liu Dong , Xie Yuantao , Hafeez Muhammad , Usman Ahmed 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study examines the role of financial inclusion on the environment-economic performance in the top five Asian emerging economies. The data used for empirical investigation covers the time period from 1995 to 2019. Financial inclusion is measured through bank branches, bank credit, and insurance premiums. To check long-run associations, the panel-ARDL approach has been employed for empirical analysis. The empirical evidence confirms the significant associations between financial inclusion-GDP nexus and financial inclusion-CO2 nexus. The findings show that bank branches and bank credit have a significantly positive impact on economic growth and CO2 emissions in the long-run. However, insurance premium has no impact on economic growth but it exerts a significant negative impact on carbon emissions in the long-run. Furthermore, energy consumption is highly sensitive to economic growth and carbon emissions. The study delivers imperative points for pollution eradication and attaining sustained economic growth. There is a need for government-level efforts to align the targets of financial inclusion with economic growth and environmental policies.
Quercetin Protects RIMVECs From Inflammatory Damage, Pyroptosis and Cell Migration by Inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 Pathway
Authors: Zhang Huixin , Li Yeye , Liu Zhongjie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Intestinal mucosal microvascular endothelial cells (MEC) have multiple functions and play an important role in intestinal bowel diseases (IBD). Quercetin is a flavonoid found in many plants and fruits. It was reported that quercetin can treat several gastrointestinal cancers, but its effect on bacterial enteritis and pyroptosis-related diseases has been rarely studied. This article aims to explore the effect and mechanism of quercetin on inflammatory injury and pyroptosis of RIMVECs.Methods: The inflammatory damage and pyroptosis in RIMVECs were induced by LPS and ATP. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence methods were used to detect TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathways, inflammatory factors (IL-1β and IL-18) and pyroptosis-related proteins (Caspase-1 and GSDMD). The expression and distribution of ZO-1 were detected by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence method. The late apoptosis and necrosis of cells were measured by cell flow cytometry. Results: The results showed that different concentrations (5, 10, 20μM) of quercetin not only significantly reduced the protein and mRNA levels of TLR4, NLRP3, Caspase-1 and GSDMD, but also down-regulated the protein expression, mRNA and secretion of IL-1β and IL-18. Quercetin also inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and the degradation of IκB. At the same time, quercetin increased the cell migration rate and the expression level of ZO-1, and reduced the number of late apoptotic cells (P<0.05). Conclusions: Our data indicated that Quercetin reduced the inflammatory response and pyroptosis induced by LPS/ATP through the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, and protected the migration and tight junctions of RIMVECs.
Human Papillomavirus E6E7 mRNA and TERC lncRNA in Situ Detection in Cervical Scraped Cells and Cervical Disease Progression Assessment
Authors: Zhao Hui , He Yue , Fan Bei , Wang Yan , Wu Yu-Mei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHuman papillomavirus screen in female cervical cells has demonstrated values in clinical diagnosis of precancerous lesions and cervical cancers. Human papillomavirus tests of cervical cells by utilizing Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method provides human papillomavirus infection status however no further virus in situ information. Although it is well known that the tests of human papillomavirus E6/E7 RNA location in infected cervical cells and cell internal malignancy molecular will provide clues for gynecologists to evaluate disease progression, there are technique difficulties to preserve RNAs in cervical scraped cells for in situ hybridization. MethodsIn current study, after developing a cervical cell collection and preparation methods for RNA in situ hybridization, we captured the chance to screen 98 patient cervical cell samples and detected human papillomavirus E6/E7 mRNAs of high-risk subtypes, low-risk subtypes and lncRNA TERC in the cells. ResultsThere are 70% consistence between human papillomavirus PCR and human papillomavirus RNA in situ hybridization results in cervical collected cells. Viral E6/E7 mRNAs were observed to distribute in cervical cell nuclear and cytoplasm. Moreover, viral gathered clusters were observed outside of cells through human papillomavirus RNA in situ hybridization. Varied numbers of human papillomavirus infective cells were detected by RNAscope assay in different patients even though they are all human papillomavirus high-risk subtype positive discovered by human papillomavirus PCR results. A cell malignancy related long non-coding RNA, TERC, has been detected in seven patient samples. The patient follow-up information was further analyzed with RNAscope results which indicated a combination of RNAscope positive signals of TERC and human papillomavirus high risk signals in more than 10 cells (cytoplasm or nucleus) may connect with cervical lesion fast progression which deserves further studies in the future.ConclusionsTaken together, current study has provided an observable clue for gynecologists to evaluate human papillomavirus infection stage and cell malignancy status which may contribute for assessment of cervical disease progression.
Rice “Instant Inoculation” With Endophytic Fungus Causes Excessive Immune Response To Fusarium Proliferatum And Plant cell Death
Authors: Dai Chuan-Chao , Zhu Qiang , Chen Man , Lu Fan , Sun Kai , Tang Meng-Jun , Zhang Wei , Bu Yuan-Qing 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aims: This article explored the effects and possible mechanism of different inoculation patterns of endophytic fungi Phomopsis liquidambaris B3 on the plant immune response and defense results to pathogen Fusarium. proliferatum.Methods: Rice seedlings pre-inoculated, instant-inoculated and non-inoculated with B3 were infected with F. proliferatum and grown in controllable conditions. The disease severity, F. proliferatum infection and plant growth were evaluated, and the activity of defensive enzymes, defense-related substances, reactive oxygen content, and defense hormone SA content were determined. Chemical treatment experiments and plant cell staining to verify plant cell death.Results: Pre-inoculation of endophytic fungus Ph. liquidambaris B3 may triggered the SA-dependent defense pathways of plants, increased defense-related enzyme activities and up-regulated the expression of defense genes, and thus decreased F. proliferatum colonization. However, instant-inoculation Ph. liquidambaris B3 inhibited its own root colonization, caused excessive burst of ROS and leaves cell death. Conclusion: For a specific plant pathogen, the instant-inoculation Ph. liquidambaris B3 when F. proliferatum infected leads to excessive burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and plant cell death. We recommend pre-inoculation of biological control agent and other prevention and control measures before pathogen infection to achieve the best control effect rather than instant control method applicated in the agricultural crop management.
Seasonal Expression of Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinases in the Colon of Wild Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus Dauricus)
Authors: Song Yue , Yang Xiaoying , Zhang Xueying , Zhu Jueyu , Chen Yixin , Gao Fuli , Zhang Haolin , Han Yingying , Weng Qiang , Yuan Zhengrong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to explore the localization and expression of extracellular signal regulated kinase/phospho-extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERK/pERK) in the colonic tissue of wild ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus) in the breeding season and the non-breeding season. Methods and Results: Hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot were used in this study. The histological results showed that the diameter of the colon lumen in the non-breeding season was larger than that in the breeding season, and the number of glandular cells in the non-breeding season was also more than those in the breeding season. The immunochemical results showed that ERK1/2 was expressed in the cytoplasm of goblet cells and intestinal epithelial cells, while pERK1/2 was expressed in the cytoplasm and nucleus of goblet cells and intestinal epithelial cells. The immunolocalization of ERK1/2 and pERK1/2 expression were more obvious in the non-breeding season, especially in intestinal epithelial cells. The results of real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot showed that the expression of ERK1/2 and pERK1/2 in the breeding season was significantly lower than that in the non-breeding season.Conclusions: The expression of ERK1/2 and pERK1/2 in the colons of the wild ground squirrels had seasonal changes, which had significant increases in the non-breeding season comparing to those in the breeding season. This study revealed the potential role of ERK1/2 in colon to the adaptation of seasonal changes in wild ground squirrel.
Effects of Unsuppressed Endogenous Insulin On Pharmacokinetics And/Or Pharmacodynamics of Study Insulin In The Healthy: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Hui , Yu Hongling , Sun Lisi , Qiao Jingtao , Li Jiaqi , Tan Huiwen , Yu Yerong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: C-peptide, a marker of endogenous insulin, should be consistently inhibited during euglycemic clamping, while an elevated postdosing C-peptide (CPpostdosing) is not an occasional phenomenon. This study aimed to describe the effects of insufficient suppression of endogenous insulin on estimates of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneously injected insulin. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study that included 33 males who underwent a manual euglycemic clamp with a subcutaneous injection of insulin aspart (IAsp). Time-profiles of whole blood glucose, human insulin, glucose infusion rate (GIR), and C-peptide were recorded. The subjects were divided into two groups at a ratio of 2:1: group A [(CPpostdosing)max＞CPbaseline], group B [(CPpostdosing)max≤CPbaseline]. The endogenous insulin was approximately equal to the measured value of human insulin or calculated from the C-peptide. Results: The basal glucose, CPbaseline, basal human insulin, HOMA-IR, IAsp dose, and demographic statistics were all comparable between the two groups except the ‘clamped’ glucose. The ‘clamped’ glucose was 99.7±7.1% (group A) and 94.9±5.1% (group B) of baseline. After correction for ‘clamped’ glucose, AUCGIR,0-8h was higher in group A (P＜0.05) under comparable IAsp exposure. AUCendogenous insulin,0-8h calculated from C-peptide was different from that measured from human insulin in group A (P＜0.05), whereas no significant difference between these measures was observed in group B. Conclusions: Blood glucose should be controlled below baseline to ensure the inhibition of endogenous insulin. Unsuppressed endogenous insulin may contribute to observed GIR, and the endogenous-insulin-corrected pharmacokinetics estimated by C-peptide may be inaccurate with insufficient endogenous insulin suppression.