bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of smoking on stage‐specific survival in human papilloma virus–associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Horwich Peter , Gundale Abhijit , Patin Stephen , Flores Jose , Moore Medlin Tara , Chang Brent A. , Nathan Cherie‐Ann O. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) released a new staging system for human papilloma virus (HPV) positive oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) in their eighth edition. The role of smoking in HPV positive oropharyngeal cancer remains controversial and is not factored into the updated staging system.MethodsSingle institutional, retrospective chart review of patients with HPV positive OPC from 2009 to 2017 was completed. Dichotomized smoking data were collected into 0–9 and ≥10 pack‐year histories. Kaplan–Meier survival curves compared overall survival (OS) for smokers and nonsmokers.ResultsFive‐year OS was not statistically different in stage I or stage II HPV positive OPC comparing nonsmokers versus smokers, but worse in stage III smokers (38% vs. 76%, p < 0.05).ConclusionGreater than 10 pack‐year smoking status may negatively affect survival in late stage HPV positive OPC but not in early stage disease. HPV positive smokers may require additional risk stratification.
Lewis Acid‐Mediated Decarboxylative Allylation of Enol Carbonates
Authors: Dokai Yoichi , Nishizawa Takuma , Saito Kodai , Yamada Tohru 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA homoallylic ketone can be transformed and functionalized by various synthetic reactions, and thus, is regarded as one of the representative building blocks in organic chemistry. An additional route to access homoallylic ketones, namely, a Lewis acid‐mediated decarboxylative allylation of cyclic enol carbonates, prepared by fixation of carbon dioxide onto propargyl alcohols, was developed in this work. The treatment of a cyclic enol carbonate with a Lewis acid in the presence of an allylsilane resulted in the formation of a homoallylic ketone. It was found that the title reaction proceeded well by the combined use of zirconium tetrachloride with allyltrimethylsilane. The allylation occurred with high regioselectivity and the corresponding homoallylic ketones were obtained in good‐to‐high yields. A reaction mechanism involving the decarboxylative formation of an oxyallyl cation equivalent is proposed.
Sensitization profile to sawtooth oak component allergens and their clinical implications
Authors: Jeong Kyoung Yong , Lee Jongsun , Sang Min Kyu , Lee Yong Seok , Park Kyung Hee , Lee Jae‐Hyun , Park Jung‐Won 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe component allergens from sawtooth oak, which is a main cause of tree pollinosis in Korea, have not been extensively characterized except Que ac 1. This study was undertaken to characterize the allergenic components from sawtooth oak pollen and investigate the diagnostic values of each component allergen.MethodsTranscriptomic analysis was performed to identify the birch pollen allergen homologues from sawtooth oak pollen. Recombinant Que ac 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, and 8 were produced in an E. coli expression system. IgE reactivity to each allergen was examined by ImmunoCAP and ELISA using the sera of 50 Korean tree pollinosis patients.ResultsSix birch pollen allergen homologues were identified using transcriptome analysis, as follows: Que ac 1 (54.8% identity to Bet v 1), Que ac 2 (79.7% to Bet v 2), Que ac 3 (24.9% to Bet v 3), 6 (71.3% to Bet v 6), Que ac 7 (80.9% to Bet v 7), and Que ac 8 (78.9% to Bet v 8). Que ac 1 sIgE was the most frequently recognized (84.0%), followed by Que ac 2 (12.0%), Que ac 3 (6.0%), and three other allergens (2.0% each). Que ac 1 was a dominant allergen affecting 83.7% of patients suffering from allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and 92.9% of pollen food allergy syndrome patients.ConclusionFive novel IgE reactive components of sawtooth oak were characterized using transcriptome analysis. Que ac 1 is the single most important component allergen of sawtooth oak pollen.
Engaging unhoused community members in the design of an alternative first responder program aimed at reducing the criminalization of homelessness
Authors: Townley Greg , Sand Kaia , Kindschuh Thea , Brott Holly , Leickly Emily 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPolice are often called to address concerns about people experiencing homelessness, with arrests often resulting from low‐level, nonviolent crimes, and violations of minor nuisance ordinances. In Portland, Oregon, advocates lobbied for a new model of emergency response for 911 calls involving unhoused community members and people experiencing behavioral health crises. To ensure the program reflected the needs and perspectives of people experiencing homelessness, teams of researchers, community volunteers, and people with lived experience interviewed 184 people in camps, shelters, and parks. Teams asked unhoused people how the program should be designed, including who the first responders should be, how they should approach individuals in crisis, what resources they should provide, and how they should be trained. This article describes the methods, findings, and recommendations from our collaborative survey process aimed at ensuring that the voices of people experiencing homelessness informed the development of the Portland Street Response pilot program.
Comparative evaluation of Panbio and SD Biosensor antigen rapid diagnostic tests for COVID‐19 diagnosis
Authors: Pérez‐García Felipe , Romanyk Juan , Moya Gutiérrez Helena , Labrador Ballestero Andrea , Pérez Ranz Inés , González Arroyo Javier , González Ventosa Victoria , Pérez‐Tanoira Ramón , Domingo Cruz Concepción , Cuadros‐González Juan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of two antigen rapid diagnostic tests (Ag‐RDTs) to diagnose severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. We evaluated Panbio and SD‐Biosensor Ag‐RDTs. We employed 186 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) negative samples to evaluate the specificity and 170 PCR positive samples to assess the sensitivity. We evaluated their sensitivity according to Cycle threshold (C
t) values and days post onset of symptoms (d.p.o.). Tests were compared using the McNemar's test. Agreement was evaluated using the kappa score. Specificity was 100% for Panbio and 97.3% for SD‐Biosensor. Sensitivity for samples with C
t ≤ 20 was 100% for both assays and for samples with C
t = 20–25 was 93.0% (Panbio) and 95.3% (SD‐Biosensor) (p =  1.000). Sensitivity decreased for samples wit C
t = 25–30 (Panbio: 41.3%, SD‐Biosensor: 52.2%, p = 0.125) and samples with C
t ≥ 30 (Panbio: 5.0%, SD‐Biosensor: 17.5%, p = 0.063). Sensitivity within seven d.p.o. was 87.7% for Panbio and 90.4% for SD‐Biosensor and notably decreased after seven d.p.o. Agreement with PCR was excellent for high viral load samples (C
t ≤ 25): Panbio, 98.9%, kappa = 0.974; SD‐Biosensor, 97.4%, kappa = 0.940. Agreement between Ag‐RDTs was excellent (94.9%, kappa = 0.882). Panbio and SD‐Biosensor Ag‐RDTs showed excellent agreement and diagnostic performance results for samples with high viral loads (C
t ≤ 25) or samples within seven d.p.o.
Multiband microstrip patch antenna using copper nano radiating element for X band and C band applications
Authors: Chinnagurusamy Balamurugan , Perumalsamy Marichamy 
Published: May 2021

AbstractModern wireless applications necessitate compact handheld devices capable of operating at wide range of frequencies with minimum power. A suitable choice and size of the antenna play a role in reducing the power consumption of the transceivers. Microstrip antenna is usually preferred for such transceivers operating at microwave frequencies because of low profile and easy installation. In this paper, a design of microstrip patch antenna using copper nano material fabricated with sputtering process is proposed and analyzed by its performance. The thickness of the microstrip antenna is reduced by 50 times compared to the antenna fabricated using conventional etching process. The performance of the antenna is evaluated using the metrics of Return Loss, VSWR, and Radiation Pattern. The proposed antenna achieves a return loss of −20 dB at 2.4GHz. Further, the return loss is less than −10 dB for the frequencies ranging from 5 to 17 GHz. The maximum gain of 10 dB is achieved at 15.5 GHz.
Melatonin as a plant biostimulant in crops and during post‐harvest: a new approach is needed
Authors: Arnao Marino B , Hernández‐Ruiz Josefa 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA great amount of data covering a wide variety of plant species and experimental conditions has demonstrated the beneficial actions that melatonin exerts on many aspects of plant development, including germination, photosynthesis and water economy. Melatonin behaves especially well as a plant biostimulator against biotic and abiotic stressors, increasing stress tolerance. The present contribution sets out possible future multidisciplinary studies, in which the impact of using melatonin with respect to agriculture, food technology, human nutrition and the environment needs to be clearly established. In crops, the effective dose and best formulations for individual plant species and cultivation conditions should be studied. As regards post‐harvest, the focus should be on the half‐life time of melatonin in fruits and water‐residue treatments. Detailed studies are lacking on the human intake of phytomelatonin in different diets. Studies on the metabolization of phytomelatonin and the combined effect with other phytonutrients such as carotenoids, chlorophylls, flavonoids, fibers, etc., would also be of interest. In soils, the possible interaction between melatonin and microbiome and non‐vertebrate animals is of primordial interest. In terms of the environment, although melatonin is classified as a non‐hazardous agent, its limitations as a possible animal hormone disruptor have been suggested. Specific studies on the permanence of melatonin in plant tissues, plant by‐products, soil, freshwater and honeybees, amongst others, are proposed to obtain crucial information. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Thyroglobulin as a negative marker for malignancy in canine and human breast tumors
Authors: Hwang Sung‐Hyun , Yang Yeseul , Woo Sang‐Ho , Jung Jae‐Ha , Seo Dansong , Kim Dae‐Yong , Kim Yongbaek 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCanine mammary gland tumors (CMTs) are the most common tumor type in female dogs. This study evaluated the expression pattern and role of thyroglobulin (Tg) in CMT and in human breast cancer (HBC). CMT samples were subjected to fine‐needle aspiration, primary cell culture, and histopathology. The expression level of Tg was higher in benign CMT than in malignant CMT (mCMT) primary cells, particularly in the epithelial lineage. Moreover, treatment with Tg enhanced the sensitivity of doxorubicin in mCMT epithelial cells and mitigated proinflammatory response by increasing nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2). The proximal region of the Tg promoter was hypermethylated in mCMT epithelial cells, silencing Tg expression with concurrent downregulation of Nrf2‐mediated antioxidant signaling. An identical pattern of Tg expression was observed in cytological and tissue samples. Tissue microarray analysis showed that Tg was highly expressed in normal and benign tissues when compared with their malignant counterparts, which was diminished along with higher histological grades. The survival rate was significantly higher in HBC patients with high Tg expression than those with low Tg expression. This study also showed that the progression of HBC is accompanied by the reduction of Tg expression along with augmentation of proinflammatory signaling. Our data suggested that Tg could be a negative indicator of malignancy in canine and human breast neoplasia
VGLL4 inhibits YAP1/TEAD signaling to suppress the epidermal squamous cell carcinoma cancer phenotype
Authors: Mickle McKayla , Adhikary Gautam , Shrestha Suruchi , Xu Wen , Eckert Richard L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEpidermal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) develops in response to ultraviolet light exposure and is among the most common cancers. The transglutaminase 2 cancer cell survival protein stimulates the activity of the YAP1/TEAD transcription complex to drive the expression of genes that promote aggressive epidermal SCC cell invasion, migration, and tumor formation. Therefore, we are interested in mechanisms that may inhibit these events. Vestigial‐like protein‐4 (VGLL4) is a transcription cofactor/tumor suppressor that inhibits several pro‐cancer pathways including YAP1 signaling. Our present studies show that VGLL4 inhibits YAP1/TEAD‐dependent transcription to reduce the expression of YAP1 target genes (CCND1, CYR61, and CTGF) and pro‐cancer collagen genes (COL1A2 and COL3A1). We further show that loss of these YAP1 regulated genes is required for VGLL4 suppression of the cancer cell phenotype, as forced CCND1 or COL1A2 expression partially restores the aggressive cancer phenotype in VGLL4 expressing cells. Consistent with these findings, VGLL4 expression reduces tumor formation, and this is associated with reduced CCND1, CYR61, CTGF, COL1A2, and COL1A3 mRNA and protein levels, and reduced EMT marker expression. These findings indicate that VGLL4 suppresses the malignant epidermal SCC cancer phenotype by inhibiting YAP1/TEAD‐dependent pro‐cancer signaling.
α‐Synuclein in Plasma‐Derived Extracellular Vesicles Is a Potential Biomarker of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Stuendl Anne , Kraus Tanja , Chatterjee Madhurima , Zapke Björn , Sadowski Boguslawa , Moebius Wiebke , Hobert Markus A. , Deuschle Christian , Brockmann Kathrin , Maetzler Walter , Mollenhauer Brit , Schneider Anja 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundExtracellular vesicles are small vesicles that are released from many cells, including neurons. α‐Synuclein has recently been described in extracellular vesicles derived from the central nervous system and may contribute to the spreading of disease pathology in α‐synuclein‐related neurodegeneration.ObjectivesWe aimed to examine the potential diagnostic value of α‐synuclein in plasma extracellular vesicles from patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodsPreanalytical variables were studied to establish an optimized assay for preparation of plasma extracellular vesicles and detection of extracellular vesicle–derived α‐synuclein. Plasma samples were obtained from 2 independent cohorts. The Tübingen cohort contained 96 patients with PD, 50 patients with dementia with Lewy bodies, 50 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and 42 healthy controls; the Kassel cohort included 47 patients with PD, 43 patients with dementia with Lewy bodies, and 36 controls with secondary parkinsonian syndromes. Extracellular vesicles were prepared from total plasma by size exclusion chromatography and quantified by nanoparticle tracking analysis, α‐synuclein content was measured by an electrochemiluminescence assay.Resultsα‐Synuclein concentration in plasma extracellular vesicles provided the best discrimination between PD, dementia with Lewy bodies, PSP, and healthy controls, with an area under the curve of 0.804 (PD vs dementia with Lewy bodies), 0.815 (PD vs. PSP), and 0.769 (PD vs healthy controls) in the Tübingen cohort. Results were validated in the Kassel cohort.ConclusionsThe concentration of α‐synuclein in plasma extracellular vesicles may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker for PD. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Radio frequency identification in internet of underground things using a soil dielectric attenuator and microstrip antenna as tag sensor
Authors: de Melo Reuber R. , da Silva José P. , Queiroz Idalmir S. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis work proposes an underground things (UT) based on radio frequency identification for internet of UT (IoUT) systems. The UT is formed by a microstrip antenna encapsulated in a soil dielectric attenuator (SDA). The dimensions of the antenna and SDA are designed through simulations and a prototype is manufactured for experimentation in two types of soil. Reflection coefficient (S11) and received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurements were performed to verify the viability of the prototype. The measured results of S11 showed satisfactory agreement with the simulations and the antenna encapsulated in the SDA has small variations in the resonance frequency in the presence of moisture. The RSSI results indicated the potential of UT as a soil moisture sensor.
Is a 50% improvement threshold adequate to justify progression from sacral neuromodulation testing to implant?
Authors: Charles David K. , Everett Ross G. , Prebay Zachary J. , Landowski Truman P. , O'Connor R. Corey , Guralnick Michael L. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPurposeA ≥50% subjective improvement in urinary symptoms during sacral neuromodulation testing (SNM‐I) is currently used as the indication for progression to second‐stage implantation (SNM‐II). While most patients will have successful SNM‐I and proceed to SNM‐II, deterioration in efficacy over time has been reported. It remains unclear if the durability of efficacy is related to the initial symptom reduction. We sought to determine if the degree of improvement after SNM‐I is sufficient to predict long‐term success.MethodsThe records of all patients who underwent sacral neuromodulation (SNM) for overactive bladder were reviewed. Subjects were divided into those who reported 50%–75% improvement (Group 1) and more than 75% improvement (Group 2) after SNM‐I. Differences in clinical variables and long‐term device efficacy were compared between groups.ResultsOf 213 patients who underwent SNM‐I, 137 underwent permanent device implantation. A total of 76 (55%) and 61 (45%) patients reported 50%–75% (Group 1) and more than 75% (Group 2) symptomatic improvement, respectively. With a mean follow‐up of 46 months, 44% of Group 1 patients and 68% of Group 2 patients still had a functioning device providing the symptomatic benefit (p = 0.007). Univariate analyses identified the presence of stress urinary incontinence at baseline and having a more than 75% improvement after SNM‐I as predictors of long‐term functional success.ConclusionsCompared to patients reporting 50%–75% symptomatic reduction after SNM‐I, individuals with a more than 75% improvement during SNM‐I were more likely to maintain device efficacy over time. Additional study is warranted to determine if the improvement threshold for progression to SNM‐II should be increased.
Relationship between the types of urinary incontinence, handgrip strength, and pelvic floor muscle strength in adult women
Authors: Bag Soytas Rabia , Soytas Mustafa , Danacioglu Yavuz O. , Citgez Sinharib , Yavuzer Hakan , Can Gunay , Onal Bulent , Doventas Alper 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimTo investigate the relationship between handgrip strength with types of urinary incontinence (UI) and pelvic floor muscle strength (PFMS) in women.MethodsNinety‐two women, who presented to the geriatric and urology outpatient clinics complaining of UI between July 2019 and February 2020 and had indicated to undergo urodynamic assessment after basic neurourological evaluation, were included in this cross‐sectional study. The presence and types of UI were identified by clinical examination and urodynamic studies. Demographic parameters, anthropometric data, comorbidities and medications were recorded. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐Short Form was applied. Handgrip strength (HGS) was measured by a hand dynamometer. The PFMS was subjectively assessed via vaginal digital palpation and measured quantitatively by the vaginal probe of the perineometer.ResultsThirty‐eight urodynamic stress, 28 detrusor overactivity, 26 urodynamic mixed UI patients were reported. Perineometer measurements were significantly lower in the urodynamic stress UI group compared to the other two groups (p = 0.020). There was no relationship between the types of urinary incontinence and HGS. However, a positive correlation was found between PFMS and HGS (p = 0.045, r = 0.298).ConclusionThe positive correlation between HGS and PFMS indicates that low HGS may be a marker for PFMS weakness. Furthermore, the association between sarcopenia and UI may be explained by this condition.
Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in Chinese Patients with Gastric Cancer by HER2 Status: A Noninterventional Registry Study (EVIDENCE)
Authors: Qin Shukui , Ji Jiafu , Xu Rui-Hua , Wang Wei , Tang Yong , Bi Feng , Li Jin , Wang Kang , Xu Jian-ming , Fan Qingxia , Su Wuyun , Shen Lin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Real-world safety and effectiveness data for trastuzumab plus chemotherapy treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic gastric cancer (mGC) in China are lacking.

Patients and Methods
EVIDENCE was a prospective, multicenter, noninterventional registry study evaluating the safety and effectiveness of trastuzumab in five cohorts of Chinese patients with gastric cancer, stratified by HER2 status and trastuzumab treatment. Effectiveness was analyzed for cohorts I (HER2-positive, trastuzumab treated), II (HER2-positive, trastuzumab untreated), and IV (HER2-negative, trastuzumab untreated); trastuzumab-related adverse events (AEs) were analyzed for cohort I.

Results
Cohorts I, II, and IV included 174, 113, and 422 patients, respectively. Most patients received first-line chemotherapy (87.6%). Median overall survival (OS1) for first-line treatment was 22.3, 17.2, and 17.4 months in cohorts I, II, and IV, respectively. After excluding patients who had surgery, respective median OS1 was 19.9, 15.3, and 12.9 months. Respective first-line progression-free survival (PFS1) was 8.2, 6.9, and 6.2 months; and respective first-line response rates (RR) were 51.7%, 18.4%, and 32.8%. Cohort I was significantly favored over cohort II for propensity score–matched first-line median OS1 (hazard ratio [HR], 0.61), PFS1 (HR, 0.64), and RR (odds ratio, 4.93). Trastuzumab-related AEs, grade 3–5 AEs, serious AEs, and AEs with a fatal outcome occurred in 23.6%, 3.4%, 2.3%, and 0.6% of cohort I patients, respectively.

Conclusion
Safety profiles were consistent with those known for trastuzumab and chemotherapy; trastuzumab treatment improved outcomes. Our study provides real-world data supporting first-line trastuzumab plus chemotherapy in Chinese patients with HER2-positive mGC.

Implications for Practice
This prospective, noninterventional registry study aimed to provide safety and effectiveness data for the use of trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy in Chinese patients with HER2-positive metastatic gastric cancer (mGC) from the real-world clinical setting. Trastuzumab plus first-line chemotherapy was shown to be safe and to improve outcomes when compared with patients treated with chemotherapy alone. Trastuzumab was effective within a range of treatment regimens; subgroup analysis showed that trastuzumab paired most effectively with the XELOX regimen. This study provides real-world clinical safety and effectiveness data supporting the use of trastuzumab in the treatment of Chinese patients with HER2-positive mGC.
ε‐Aminocaproic acid versus tranexamic acid in children undergoing complex cranial vault reconstruction for repair of craniosynostosis
Authors: Borst Alexandra J. , Bonfield Christopher M. , Deenadayalan Poornachanda S. , Le Chi H. , Xu Meng , Sobey Jenna H. , Reddy Srijaya K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractComplex cranial vault reconstruction (CCVR) for pediatric craniosynostosis is a high blood loss surgery, for which antifibrinolytic agents have been shown to reduce bleeding and transfusion requirements. The relative efficacy of ε‐aminocaproic acid (EACA) versus tranexamic acid (TXA) has not yet been evaluated in this population. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare perioperative blood loss and transfusion in CCVR patients receiving EACA versus TXA. In a CCVR cohort of 95 children, 47 received EACA and 48 received TXA. We found no differences in demographics, adverse outcomes, calculated blood loss (CBL), or transfusion requirements between the two antifibrinolytic groups.