bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bedtime routines and objectively assessed sleep in infants
Authors: Tsai Shao‐Yu , Lee Chien‐Chang , Tsai Han‐Yi , Tung Yi‐Ching 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimsTo examine the association of the timing and consistency of parent bedtime routines with infant night‐time sleep duration and variability.DesignThis was a prospective observational study conducted between November 2012 and November 2016.MethodsThree hundred and twenty healthy 6‐month‐old infants were recruited from the well‐child clinics of a university‐affiliated hospital in northern Taiwan. Participating families provided sociodemographic, health and bedtime routine information. Infants wore an actigraph on the ankle for a week. General linear model analysis was performed with the frequency and timing of bedtime routines treated as the primary predictor variables of interest.ResultsOne hundred and ninety‐seven (61.6%) parents started the bedtime routine for infants after 9 PM, with 162 (50.6%) not having the exact same bedtime routine every night. In both crude and adjusted analyses, starting a bedtime routine after 9 PM was associated with shorter infant night‐time sleep duration (b = −23.55, p < 0.01). Infants with a bedtime routine of <3–4 nights per week were associated with more variable night‐time sleep duration than a bedtime routine of 5–6 nights per week (b = −7.81, p < 0.05) or every night (b = −8.47, p < 0.05).ConclusionA bedtime routine of at least 5 nights a week and initiated no later than 9 PM was associated with longer and less variable night‐time sleep in infancy. Findings suggest that a consistent bedtime routine implemented in accordance with age‐appropriate bedtimes should be addressed as part of anticipatory guidance in the well‐child clinics. Future studies should include infant sleep variability as an outcome in addition to the conventional mean‐level sleep variable analyses to more thoroughly characterize bedtime routine effects.
Application of weighted gene co‐expression network analysis to identify novel key genes in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Wang Zheng , Chen Xiaolei , Li Chao , Tang Wanxin 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAims/IntroductionDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is among the leading causes of end‐stage renal disease worldwide. DN pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Weighted gene co‐expression network analysis is a powerful bioinformatic tool for identifying key genes in diseases.Materials and MethodsThe datasets GSE30122, GSE104948, GSE37463 and GSE47185 containing 23 DN and 23 normal glomeruli samples were obtained from the National Center for Biotechnology Information Gene Expression Omnibus database. After data pre‐processing, weighted gene co‐expression network analysis was carried out to cluster significant modules. Then, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis‐based Gene Ontology analysis and visualization of network were carried out to screen the key genes in the most significant modules. The connectivity map analysis was carried out to find the significant chemical compounds. Finally, some key genes were validated in in vivo and in vitro experiments.ResultsA total of 454 upregulated and 392 downregulated genes were identified. A total of 16 modules were clustered, and the most significant modules (green, red and yellow modules) were determined. The green module was associated with extracellular matrix organization, the red module was associated with immunity reaction and the yellow module was associated with kidney development. We found several key genes in these three modules separately, and part of them were validated in vivo and in vitro successfully. We found the top 15 chemical compounds that could perturb the overall expression of key genes in DN.ConclusionWeighted gene co‐expression network analysis was applied to DN expression profiling in combination with connectivity map analysis. Several novel key genes and chemical compounds were screened out, providing new molecular targets for DN.
European guidelines (S3) on diagnosis and management of mucous membrane pemphigoid, initiated by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology – Part I
Authors: Rashid H. , Lamberts A. , Borradori L. , Alberti‐Violetti S. , Barry R.J. , Caproni M. , Carey B. , Carrozzo M. , Caux F. , Cianchini G. , Corrà A. , Diercks G.F.H. , Dikkers F.G. , Di Zenzo G. , Feliciani C. , Geerling G. , Genovese G. , Hertl M. , Joly P. , Marzano A.V. , Meijer J.M. , Mercadante V. , Murrell D.F. , Ormond M. , Pas H.H. , Patsatsi A. , Prost C. , Rauz S. , van Rhijn B.D. , Roth M. , Schmidt E. , Setterfield J. , Zambruno G. , Zillikens D. , Horváth B. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis guideline on mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) has been elaborated by the Task Force for Autoimmune Blistering Diseases of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) with a contribution of physicians from all relevant disciplines and patient organizations. It is a S3 consensus‐based guideline encompassing a systematic review of the literature until June 2019 in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. This first part covers methodology, the clinical definition of MMP, epidemiology, MMP subtypes, immunopathological characteristics, disease assessment and outcome scores. MMP describes a group of autoimmune skin and mucous membrane blistering diseases, characterized by a chronic course and by predominant involvement of the mucous membranes, such as the oral, ocular, nasal, nasopharyngeal, anogenital, laryngeal and oesophageal mucosa. MMP patients may present with mono‐ or multisite involvement. Patients’ autoantibodies have been shown to be predominantly directed against BP180 (also called BPAG2, type XVII collagen), BP230, laminin 332 and type VII collagen, components of junctional adhesion complexes promoting epithelial stromal attachment in stratified epithelia. Various disease assessment scores are available, including the Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid Disease Area Index (MMPDAI), the Autoimmune Bullous Skin disorder Intensity Score (ABSIS), the ‘Cicatrising Conjunctivitis Assessment Tool’ and the Oral Disease Severity Score (ODSS). Patient‐reported outcome measurements (PROMs), including DLQI, ABQOL and TABQOL, can be used for assessment of quality of life to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions and monitor disease course.
Resources, methods, and data infrastructure to promote research in dementia care, caregiving, and services
Authors: Pike K. Joanne , Fazio Sam , Bynum Julie P. W. , Travison Thomas G. , Wendler David , Mor Vincent 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe National Institute on Aging, in conjunction with the Department of Health and Human Services as part of the National Alzheimer's Project Act, hosted a 2020 Dementia Care, Caregiving, and Services Research Summit Virtual Meeting Series on August 13, 2020. This article reflects three presentations related to Theme 6: Research Resources, Methods, and Data Infrastructure. Dr. Bynum discussed the challenges of identifying people for population‐ and healthcare‐based research, including how definitions of dementia have changed over time, the opportunities and challenges inherent in the use of electronic data sources, and the need to fit data collection strategies to research goals and questions. Dr. Travison provided an overview on the growing use of embedded pragmatic clinical trials (ePCTs) and how to enhance their impact in dementia research. Dr. Wendler presented on the ethical considerations relevant to consent for dementia research, including assessment of decisional capacity and the role of decisional surrogates.ConclusionsThe availability of claims data, electronic health records, and other sources of “existing” data has made the use and development of ePCTs both easier and more appealing. Among other things, they offer advantages in terms of lower cost and generalizability to real‐world settings. This is turn has necessitated the use of informatic and analytic approaches to account for some of the limitations and complexities of such data, including multilevel clustering and the need to link and jointly analyze data from the person with dementia and those of their care partner. As part of this process, it will be important to broaden the scope of who is assessed for decisional capacity, make those assessments more study specific, and assist surrogates in making decisions based on what the individual would have chosen for themselves if capacitated (i.e., substituted judgment).
Driving specialist's ratings of on‐road performance and naturalistic driving crashes and near‐crashes
Authors: Swain Thomas A. , McGwin Gerald , Antin Jonathan F. , Owsley Cynthia 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the association between a Certified Driving Rehabilitation Specialist's (CDRS) ratings of on‐road driving performance by older drivers and at‐fault crash and near‐crash involvement using naturalistic driving techniques where crashes and near‐crashes are recorded in everyday driving through in‐vehicle instrumentation.MethodsThis is a cohort study of 144 drivers aged 70 years and over who were recruited due to a recent ophthalmology clinic visit at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. Baseline measurements consisted of demographics, visual status, and other health variables. At‐fault crashes and near‐crashes over 6 months were identified through instrumentation placed in their personal vehicle that recorded vehicle kinematics and video. After 6 months, a CDRS completed an on‐road assessment and provided a composite rating on specific driving behaviors and a global score.ResultsRate ratios examining the association between older drivers with worse CDRS composite scores and rates of at‐fault crashes, at‐fault near‐crashes, and combined at‐fault crashes and near‐crashes were significantly higher compared to drivers with better scores. Results were similar for the CDRS global score.ConclusionsMotor vehicle administrations use CDRS ratings to make decisions about licensure, and in clinical programs such as those based at rehabilitation clinics use them to make recommendations about fitness to drive and rehabilitation. This study suggests that these decisions and recommendations are valid from a safety standpoint.
Ustilaginoidea virens modulates lysine 2‐hydroxyisobutyrylation in rice flowers during infection
Authors: Chen Xiaoyang , Xu Qiutao , Duan Yuhang , Liu Hao , Chen Xiaolin , Huang Junbin , Luo Chaoxi , Zhou Dao‐Xiu , Zheng Lu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe post‐translational modification lysine 2‐hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) plays an important role in gene transcription, metabolism, and enzymatic activity. Khib sites have been identified in rice (Oryza sativa). However, the Khib status of proteins in rice flowers during pathogen infection remains unclear. Here, we report a comprehensive identification of Khib‐modified proteins in rice flowers, and the changes in these proteins during infection with the fungal pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens. By using a tandem mass tag‐based quantitative proteomics approach, we identified 2,891 Khib sites on 964 proteins in rice flowers. Our data demonstrated that 2‐hydroxyisobutyrylated proteins are involved in diverse biological processes. Khib levels were substantially reduced upon infection with U. virens. Chromatin immunoprecipitation polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription quantitative PCR analyses revealed that histone Khib is involved in the expression of disease‐resistance genes. More importantly, most quantified sites on core histones H3 were downregulated upon U. virens infection. In addition, the histone deacetylases HDA705, HDA716, SRT1, and SRT2 are involved in the removal of Khib marks in rice. HDA705 was further confirmed to negatively regulate rice disease resistance to pathogens U. virens, Magnaporthe oryzae, and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Our data suggest that U. virens could modulate Khib in rice flowers during infection.
Patients’ experiences of telenursing follow‐up care after bariatric surgery
Authors: Arnaert Antonia , Girard Alice , Craciunas Stephanie , Shang Zhida , Ahmad Hamza , Debe Zoumanan , Demyttenaere Sebastian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimTo explore the postsurgical management experiences of bariatric patients after receiving telenursing follow‐up care, using a telemonitoring platform for approximately 1 month.BackgroundObesity prevalence rates among adult Canadians are increasing, and as such the number of bariatric surgeries. Adapting to life following bariatric surgery is challenging, and patients are often experiencing difficulties to adhere to the postsurgical behavioural recommendations. The use of technology has been introduced in bariatric aftercare programmes, yet patients voiced a desire to communicate with a clinician between routine visits to improve continuity of care. To our knowledge, there is a lack of research on emerging practice of telenursing to provide monitoring, support and aftercare to bariatric patients remotely. Design: A qualitative descriptive design was used.MethodsA total of 22 semi‐structured interviews were thematically analysed. The SRQR checklist was used.ResultsParticipants embraced the idea of integrating telenursing care in bariatric aftercare programmes, as they viewed this novel approach to care as a way to overcome the current challenges of accessing bariatric services. The most salient benefit reported by participants was the timely advice and care provided by the telenurse. The provision of tailored nursing care and the accessibility to a first‐line professional empowered participants to exercise greater control over their recovery process, which promotes self‐management and enhances feelings of security and reassurance. Lastly, participants voiced areas of improvement to better the system and to render it most accessible and user‐friendly.ConclusionDespite its novelty in bariatric aftercare, our findings indicated that patients are eager to integrate telenursing in mainstream services. Discussions are needed regarding patient adherence to telemonitoring, and the need to develop clinical follow‐up protocols.Relevance to Clinical PracticeResults provide new insights into the importance of a telenurse in providing individualised care to bariatric patients.
Global caries experience in children and its relationship with government expenditures on education and health, sugar consumption, and years of schooling: An ecological study
Authors: Nazir Muhammad Ashraf , AlHumaid Jehan , Alhareky Muhanad 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the influence of gross domestic product (GDP), government expenditures on education and health (% of GDP), per capita sugar consumption, and years of schooling on caries experience (DMFT) in 12‐year‐old children globally.MethodsThe study analyzed global data of GDP, sugar consumption, years of schooling, expenditure on education and health, and DMFT from 69 countries. Information about DMFT and sugar consumption was retrieved from the World Health Organization while data of other study variables were available from the United Nations Development Program. Data were compared among low, middle, and high‐income countries.ResultsSugar consumption (p = 0.005) and years of schooling increased progressively from low‐income to high‐income countries (p < 0.001). The greater percentage of GDP was spent on health (6.55 ± 2.94) than on education (3.48 ± 2.60). Upper‐middle‐income countries had the highest mean DMFT score (2.23 ± 1.23) and per capita sugar consumption (33.28 ± 14.06). High‐income countries spent 4.33% of their GDP on education followed by low‐income countries (3.92%) (p = 0.037). Similar trends were observed with regards to the percentage of GDP spent on health (p = 0.003). Univariate analysis showed a significant negative correlation between the percentage of GDP spent on education (r = −0.252, p = 0.037) and DMFT. Significant correlation remained in multivariate analysis; the percentage of GDP spent on education and DMFT in children (B = −0.128, p = 0.028).ConclusionLow, middle, and high‐income countries demonstrated significant inequalities regarding caries experience, sugar consumption, and share of GDP spent on health and education. Increasing the share of GDP on education may reduce caries burden in children globally.
Melt inclusions in chassignite NWA 2737: A link between processes recorded in Martian meteorites and rocks at Gale crater
Authors: Wu Peiyu , Gazel Esteban , Udry Arya , Setera Jacob B. , Ostwald Amanda 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNorthwest Africa (NWA) 2737, one of the only three discovered Martian chassignites, provides critical constraints on the evolution of the Martian mantle and crust. Because of chassignites’ cumulative nature, they contain abundant melt inclusions (MI). MI are small droplets of melts trapped by crystals during the cooling of magma. They are critical to the study of pre‐eruptive parental magma compositions, and thus, provide snapshots of the composition and evolution of Martian magmatic systems. Here, we present fractional crystallization models using parental magma composition calculated from NWA 2737 melt inclusions as starting compositions. We used the thermodynamic modeling software MELTS to model fractional crystallization of NWA 2737 parental magma compositions with a wide range of parameters (pressure, water content, oxygen fugacity). Our models show that the felsic compositions recently analyzed at the Martian surface in Gale crater, especially Sparkle and Angmaat, the two rocks thought to be analogous to the earliest continental crust on Earth, can be obtained by fractional crystallization of chassignite‐like parental melts. Our results suggest a link between the processes that resulted in chassignites and the rocks analyzed in situ at Gale crater. To assess the possible scenarios for Martian magma migration and storage processes, we compared chassignites to terrestrial analogs formed via various mechanisms and proposed two mechanisms that may explain the intrusive and effusive rocks found in situ at Gale crater: (1) emplacement and fractionation in a closed‐system crustal reservoir and (2) eruption of mafic to intermediate lavas of a relatively open system subject to constant replenishment.
CsrA enters Hfq's territory: Regulation of a base‐pairing small RNA
Authors: Stenum Thomas Søndergaard , Holmqvist Erik 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPost‐transcriptional regulatory networks in Gammaproteobacteria are to a large extent built around the two globally acting RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) CsrA and Hfq. Both RBPs interact with small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs), but the functional outcomes of these interactions are generally distinct. Whereas Hfq both stabilizes sRNAs and promotes their base‐pairing to target mRNAs, the sRNAs bound by CsrA act as sequestering molecules that titrate the RBP away from its mRNA targets. In this issue of Molecular Microbiology, Lai et al. reveal that CsrA interacts with the Hfq‐associated and base‐pairing sRNA Spot 42. In this case, CsrA increases Spot 42 stability by masking a cleavage site for endoribonuclease RNase E, thereby promoting Spot 42‐dependent regulation of srlA mRNA. Interestingly, the effect of CsrA on srlA expression is two‐fold. In addition to affecting Spot 42‐dependent regulation, CsrA directly inhibits translation of SrlM, an activator of srlA transcription. Together, this study reveals a new function for CsrA and indicates more intricate connections between the CsrA and Hfq networks than previously anticipated. Several recent studies have identified additional RBPs that interact with sRNAs. With new RBP identification methods at hand, it will be intriguing to see how many more sRNA‐binding proteins will be uncovered.
Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (VdSOD1) mediates reactive oxygen species detoxification and modulates virulence in Verticillium dahliae
Authors: Tian Li , Li Junjiao , Huang Caimin , Zhang Dandan , Xu Yan , Yang Xingyong , Song Jian , Wang Dan , Qiu Nianwei , Short Dylan P. G. , Inderbitzin Patrik , Subbarao Krishna V. , Chen Jieyin , Dai Xiaofeng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a widespread defence mechanism in higher plants against pathogen attack and sometimes is the cause of cell death that facilitates attack by necrotrophic pathogens. Plant pathogens use superoxide dismutase (SOD) to scavenge ROS derived from their own metabolism or generated from host defence. The significance and roles of SODs in the vascular plant pathogen Verticillium dahliae are unclear. Our previous study showed a significant upregulation of Cu/Zn‐SOD1 (VdSOD1) in cotton tissues following V. dahliae infection, suggesting that it may play a role in pathogen virulence. Here, we constructed VdSOD1 deletion mutants (ΔSOD1) and investigated its function in scavenging ROS and promoting pathogen virulence. ΔSOD1 had normal growth and conidiation but exhibited significantly higher sensitivity to the intracellular ROS generator menadione. Despite lacking a signal peptide, assays in vitro by western blot and in vivo by confocal microscopy revealed that secretion of VdSOD1 is dependent on the Golgi reassembly stacking protein (VdGRASP). Both menadione‐treated ΔSOD1 and cotton roots infected with ΔSOD1 accumulated more and less H2O2 than with the wildtype strain. The absence of a functioning VdSOD1 significantly reduced symptom severity and pathogen colonization in both cotton and Nicotiana benthamiana. VdSOD1 is nonessential for growth or viability of V. dahliae, but is involved in the detoxification of both intracellular ROS and host‐generated extracellular ROS, and contributes significantly to virulence in V. dahliae.
What influences rural women's choices in maternity care: A qualitative exploratory study
Authors: Russell Kristie , Manias Elizabeth , Nicholson Patricia 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRural women are likely to experience difficulties accessing maternity care that is readily available in metropolitan areas. This limited access can impede women's ability to make informed choices that enhance safety and minimize harm. This study explored the experiences of women who had given birth in a rural environment and the factors that influenced their choices regarding their maternity care. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 women for this qualitative, exploratory study. These women had birthed within rural areas of Victoria, Australia, between May 2016 and May 2017. Thematic analysis was undertaken. Three main themes emerged: (i) being influenced by previous childbirth experiences, (ii) feeling safe and supported with their maternity care provider, and (iii) being supported in their birthing choices. The availability of maternity care providers and travel time to facilities limited the choices of rural women. This study provided valuable insights into what was behind the decisions of rural women's choices regarding their maternity care. To assist with making informed decisions regarding their maternity care, all available models of maternity care should be presented to rural women.