bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Improved Calculation Method of Coal Consumption Index for Heating in CHP with a High Back Pressure Turbine
Authors: Sun Jian , Ma Shicai , Huo Cheng , Ge Zhihua , Zhou Shaoxiang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
CHP (combined heating and power) system is playing an important role for district heating, meanwhile, the latent heat of exhausted steam at the thermal power plant is discharged to atmosphere directly, which is often more than 30%. Waste heat recovery is of great significance for reducing coal consumption indicators for heating in CHP system. The method by replacing different rotors of the LP (low pressure) cylinder is presented and experimented with a 140MW turbine, whose exhausted steam could be recovered completely. Besides, an improved calculation method of coal consumption index for heating is discussed. The improved mathematical model is used to calculate the influence of exhaust pressure on steam turbine power generation efficiency, which improves the accuracy of heating coal consumption. This experimented coal consumption index for heating is 12.7 kgce/GJ, which is much lower than the traditional CHP system (20 kgce/GJ).
Path Analysis of Implementing Carbon Neutral Target in Customer Side of Power Grid Company
Authors: Tang Wei , Weng Yuyan , Zhang Yu , Cao Xiaodong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
China puts forward the goal of carbon neutralization, which puts forward new requirements for China’s energy production, consumption and utilization. This paper analyzes the impact of “power supply + energy efficiency service” implemented by the grid company on the carbon reduction target, designs the implementation path in the future, and puts forward relevant suggestions.
The Viscosity of Oil Influence on the Working Characteristics of Electric Submersible Pump under Variable Speed
Authors: Zhao Yi , Zhao Deyin , Zhong Yongqiang , Zhao Yan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The viscosity of oil in different oil fields varies greatly, and the widespread use of polymer flooding also has a great impact on the viscosity of the oil. The submersible electric pump is one of the main mechanical oil recovery methods, and its working performance directly affects the production efficiency of the oil well. The application of the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method to study the effect of viscosity on the internal and external characteristics of a submersible electric pump with variable speed is an effective complement to the experimental method. The inner flow passages of the impeller and the vane of the pump (model is Q10.) were selected as a fluid domain for the CFD study. The results show that As the viscosity increases from 1 mPa·s to 215 mPa·s, the efficiency of the electric submersible pump decreases from 56.8% to 49.7, the power consumption increases from 142W to 163W, and the head decreases from 6.8m to 5.6m. This paper proposes the use of CFD technology to study the internal and external characteristics of electric submersible pumps under variable speed and variable viscosity conditions.
The Study of Thermal process and Temperature Calibration for a Vacuum Drying Oven Based on Numerical Simulation
Authors: Liu Ying , Zhang Wen , Xu Yang , Zhang Jing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Vacuum drying technique is widely used in food a processing, pharmaceutical and other industry which needs to be calculated regularly. In order to establish temperature calibration method for vacuum drying oven, temperature profile needs to be studied. In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) unsteady mathematical model has been developed to study heat transfer in a vacuum drying oven. Governing equations are discretized in implicit form by using the control volume method. PRESTO! scheme was used for the discretization of the pressure modified equation. SIMPLE algorithm is adopted to solve the coupling of pressure and velocity. The natural-convection flow forced by buoyancy force was numerically calculated based on Boussinesq assumption. Results of the model calculation showed that temperature distribution in the vacuum drying oven significantly changed when the pressure in the oven is close to vacuum. Temperature uniformity in the vacuum drying box increases with the increase of vacuum degree. It is not appropriate to directly investigate the temperature uniformity of the vacuum drying oven by using JJF 1101-2019. The results can be used to lay a theoretical foundation for the establishment of calibration method for vacuum drying oven.
Determination of dynamic parameters of the elastically supported beam system model by optical and numerical methods
Authors: Gridnev S , Ravodi I , Volko V 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article describes the design of a test facility that designed and manufactured by the authors for parametric studies of the features of free and forced vibrations of elastically supported dynamical systems. The results of a full-scale experiment are presented in the article, during which a frequency analysis of a beam with an intermediate elastic support is performed. Measurements are made with the use of the optical method of determining the movements and inductive sensors. A finite element model of the test facility was built in the Midas NFX environment with the aim to verify and evaluate the results. The results of the modal analysis performed for the finite element model of the test facility are compared with the natural frequency spectra obtained as a result of experiments. Conclusions are drawn about the prospects of using the test facility, the accuracy of the measuring equipment used, and about the way the finite element model built in the Midas NFX program environment corresponds to the full-scale model of the dynamic system in terms of its dynamic characteristics.
Different models of connection flexibility in dynamic analysis of plane frame systems
Authors: Tran T T V , Tran T H 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, in Vietnamese structural design standards for steel frames and semi-precast reinforced concrete structural frame systems, the connections of beams and columns are commonly considered as perfectly hinged or rigidly fixed. This is adopted because of the simplicity in design and analysis procedure but it is not consistent with the condition taking into account actual behaviour in practice of structural systems. The connections between columns and beams have partial restraint depending on the type of used connections. The presence of connection flexibility tends to reduce frame stiffness in comparison with the case of fully fixed connection and hence increases the frame’s natural period of vibration. However, it is also more time required because of complexity of analysis process with consideration of connection flexibility in the case of lack of suitable analysis method. The paper presents the dynamic analysis of plane frame systems with different models of semi-rigid connections using finite element method. The used models in dynamic analysis are rotational spring and rotational-lateral spring. The analysis procedure was implemented using MathCad programming software and the results of this study will obtained by conducting of numerical examples. From there, the conclusions and recommendation of dynamic analysis for steel and semi-precast concrete frames with models of connection flexibility and the differences between used models will be proposed.
Using COSMOSWORKS abilities in construction glass strength research
Authors: Alpatov V , Veremeenko O Y 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Considered the issues of definition maximum acceptable load on supporting construction, made of glass. Object of research is a complex construction – insulated glass unit. Glass unit has two loaded layers of three in triplex and central layer – air chamber. Air chamber is formed by rubber layer, connecting external layers of triplex by perimeter. Glass unit loading is single-sided, only on top layer. Glass unit fastening was made only in four corner points. Researches were made in program complex COSMOSWORKS. Maximum acceptable load is searched by iterative calculation with step-by-step increase of calculation load on model. Established, that covering deformation and the stress distribution in them changes linearly. The value of maximum acceptable load for glass unit with special geometrical and physical characteristics was calculated. In this article the optical, thermal and other glass unit properties were not considered. The article presents the results of glass unit analysis when only mechanical action is applied to them. Temperature effect on glass units was not considered in this article.
Design and modeling of glulam beams with holes
Authors: Pełczyński J , Brodniewicz P , Al Sabouni-Zawadzka A , Gilewski W 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper presents a sketch of design recommendations and numerical simulations of stress distributions in perforated double-tapered beams made of glued laminated timber, taking into account the reinforcement used. Conscious design requires, according to the authors opinion, calculations performed using the finite element method. The analysis presented in the paper concerns three possible positions of the opening in the apex zone. It is recommended to position the opening halfway up, as it causes the least stress disturbance in the beams. Bottom position is definitely not recommended, as stress disturbances are large and cannot be levelled with transverse reinforcement. Reinforcement allows for the reduction of stresses in the range from several to several dozen percent.
The use of included stiffeners to strengthen the frames of one-story industrial buildings
Authors: Yu Veremeenko O , Alpatov V Yu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article considers issues of industrial buildings frames strengthening by the introduction of stiffening elements at the change of calculated seismicity. The principle of materials concentration in the form of stiffness elements with included connections is used. The degree of their influence on the work of building frame is estimated. In this case, the work of coating disk as an element distributing horizontal forces changes. The main dependencies for gap definition determined by the reinforced concrete frame movements, at which moments in the lower section of the columns reach the limit values, are determined. Thus, in the process of influence the seismic force will remain approximately constant, as the total stiffness will be slightly higher than the initial columns stiffness. Introduction of rigidity elements into the frame should be accompanied by corresponding measures for strengthening of foundations for steel supports.
Assessment features of bearing capacity of large-span covering constructions in the reconstruction of religious Orthodox buildings
Authors: Shepelev A P , Ibatullin R R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The research object is the middle part and the refectory overlap of the temple in the honor of the Holy Kosma and Domian Asiysky, located in the village of Ssezzhe of Bogatovsky district of Samara region. At the time of the works, the object was undergoing a large-scale reconstruction. Based on the data of the detailed technical condition survey of the building structures of the temple overlap, the authors made calculations in a physically nonlinear setting, allowing to fully assess the stress-strain state of the monolithic reinforced concrete structure of the middle part and refectory, which is a complex unified system of thin-walled spatial structures of different contours of the middle surfaces. The recommendations on the completion of the overlap construction and its further operation were developed on the basis of the calculations results analysis.
Hydraulic aspects of the layout of head structures during water intake from lowland rivers
Authors: Bazarov D , Markova I , Norkulov B , Vokhidov O 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article discusses various types of new improved dam water intake hydroelectric systems, sedimentation facilities, sediment control devices on rivers and canals with a rational layout. The results of the analysis of studies on the use of the theory of transverse circulation and methods of artificial, active regulation of the structure of the water intake flow are presented, which has become widespread in world practice and is the main one for creating an effective design of water intake headworks for pumping stations and hydropower facilities that provide them with reliable protection from sediments. The author of the article, on the basis of numerous experimental data obtained in various countries of the world, makes a conclusion about the effectiveness and prospects of using front-type structures with more than 50% water intake. The design of water intakes of this type has been significantly improved; they can be successfully used in various conditions, including on Mountain Rivers. The author draws attention to the development of a new design of the pioneer ditch, which ensures the efficient passage of bottom sediments into the downstream of the structure, which prevents intensive silting of the reservoir basin by bottom sediments and improves the efficiency of the dam water intake.
Geometric and static analysis of the historical truss of the medieval truss Church of St. Martin in Dolní Újezd
Authors: Krušinský P , Gocál J , Holešová M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The late-Romanesque St. Martin´s Church in Dolní Újezd was probably built in the mid-13th century. The nave has a wooden joist ceiling whose beams serve as tie beams too. The Gothic vaults above the presbytery date from ´30s of the 15th century. The truss of the church is dendro-dated to 1420 - 1421. Some members of a truss structure are dendro-dated to 1823 - 1824, when the repair was undertaken. The examined truss is a rafter-collar tie structure with collar beams and pedestal struts. It has a characteristic shape and may be typologically classified as a structure of the earlier period. This type of a truss structure was typically built in this region and represents one of the features occurring in the particular social and culture circles at the time. Consequently, a numerical model of the roof structure was created in order to perform a static analysis of the roof structure in accordance with present standards. With regard to the structural analysis results, it can be said that the original design of the structure based on geometrical and proportional principles satisfy the reliability conditions defined by current European standards for structural design.
The influence of the climatic features of the construction area on the level of energy-efficient thermal protection of of the office buildings
Authors: Frolova A A , Malyavina E G 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The choice of the level of the building thermal protection should be based on economic indicators of these buildings, taking into account the cost of maintaining a given room thermal microclimate. However, an economic calculation can only be performed after evaluating the impact of the thermal protection level on the building energy performance. The specific energy consumption of a building is affected by the size of the building, since in the buildings of different lengths and number of storeys, the ratio of ordinary rooms on the intermediate and the upper floors is different, as is the number of ordinary and corner rooms. The purpose of the article is to identify the energy consumption for heating, free and machine cooling of the buildings of various sizes and number of storeys in the areas which differ by the heating period duration and the solar radiation intensity, i.e. in Moscow and in Astrakhan. Three options of the building thermal protection have been considered herewith, differing from each other in the resistance to heat transfer of the outer wall and the coating. The area of the windows made 55% of the facade area. The calculation has been performed for several values of the outdoor air temperature during the year in each city.
Deformation analysis of a construction pit in high-plasticity clay
Authors: Bulko R , Mihálik J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In Slovakia, construction process already begins in less suitable locations. Such a location is also situated in Podhorie, small village near the city of Žilina. The subsoil is formed by high-plasticity clay with claystone in lower position. This article deals with the analysis of the influence of various input parameters as well as Rinter mesh discretization on the determination of safety factor – M
SF. The Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model was used in numerical model with respect to availability of input parameters. The ability to identify the parameter with the biggest impact on the resulting value of safety factor is an indisputable benefit. Various studies have been published on this topic. In our case, cohesion c had the biggest influence on the M
SF parameter when reducing shear parameters. In the future, the authors will compare the achieved results of numerical modelling with the actual deformations of the structure.
Construction price assessment method based on inferential statistics
Authors: Remek L , Mikolaj J , Mikulova L , Durinova M 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper presents a new objective price assessment method that can be used to accept, reject or negotiate prices for construction works proposed by the contractor of construction works. The method can be used as part of an acquisition of a new construction and in claim negotiation process both in private or a public sector. Price assessment is an investor‘s tool for the assessment of price eligibility. It should be focussed on evaluation of direct construction costs and indirect costs of the contractor in order to establish whether the costs declared by the contractor are justified. This creates a negotiation leverage in the creation of a contract or creation of legal basis for negotiations regarding claim reimbursement which can be recognized in accordance with special contractual provisions. Price assessment is a very time consuming task, the presented method uses statistical tools to assess the contractor’s price proposal by detailed analysis of main items on the budget, which are then treated as a population sample. Population mean of difference in contractor prices and price catalogue prices are then used to establish a confidence interval which can be used for hypothesis testing, i.e. drawing conclusions and further negotiations.
Relationship between water permeability and physical characteristics of polyolefins, vinyl polymers, and polycarbonates
Authors: Matseevich T A , Zhdanova T V , Matseevich A V , Askadskii A A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Diagrams of compatibility of water permeability with glass transition temperature, density, and cohesion energy are constructed. The computer program “Cascade”, INEOS RAS was used. Polyolefins, vinyl polymers, and polycarbonates were analyzed. Compatibility diagrams are constructed for the areas of lowest and highest water permeability for different classes of polymers. For polyolefins and vinyl polymers, the lowest water permeability is selected in the range from 0 to 100 barrer, and the highest water permeability is from 1000 to 2000 barrer. For polycarbonates, the intervals from 0 to 70 barrer and from 3000 to 7000 barrer are selected. These diagrams allow you to select polymers that meet the specified values of density, cohesion energy, glass transition temperature, and the onset of temperature of intense thermal degradation.
Influence of window constructions on the creation of the working environment of buildings in the warm season
Authors: Durica P , Barnak P 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The contribution is devoted to the needs of thermal and humid microclimate and aspects that affect a specific administrative character, ie in the work environment. It describes the measurement methods, measurement results and derives corresponding sub-plants for the warm climatic conditions of the year in the area of thermal comfort, determined on the basis of measurements in the selected office room.
Research of the deformation of the shaping unit in an auger extruder caused by the extruding pressure in production of expanded clay
Authors: Galitskov K S , Nazarov M A , Borisov V A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The technological process of forming expanded clay granules in an auger extruder is considered. Based on the analysis of well-known studies, considering the influence of conditions for shaping a ceramic mass on the quality of the produced porous aggregate, the following factor was identified: clogging of the shaping grid leads to an increase in pressure on it, its deformation and the impossibility of further operation. The authors note that there are practically no theoretical studies in the field of determining the most rational modes of functioning of the shaping equipment. The simulation model of an auger extruder shaping unit was developed in the Solid Works software environment, computational experiments on the influence of design parameters on shaping pressure were carried out, and recommendations for further technical application were formulated. The use of the results obtained will improve both the reliability of extruders with a perforated grid, as well as the quality of the final product with the specified quality parameters (bulk density and strength).
The environmental impact of asphalt mixtures production for road infrastructure
Authors: Florkova Z , Sedivy S , Pastorkova J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Developed road infrastructure is a very significant factor which is influencing and conditioning the development of the economy and quality of transportation. Increasing demands for quality of road infrastructure lead to the construction of new roads. Moreover, the importance of keeping pavements in good condition increases proportionately with the increasing traffic. The construction of the road communications, their management and maintenance are material and energy consuming and the problem with the availability and exhaustion of resources is accretive. However, the development of road construction have to respect the protection of the environment, it have to be controlled and sustainable. Sustainable development ensures to meet subsistence for today’s and future generations and respects the natural functions of ecosystems. The paper is focused on the analysis of the factors arising from the production of asphalt mixtures for road infrastructure by asphalt mixing plants and their subsequent impact on the environment.
Issues of traffic surveys within the TRANS TRITIA project
Authors: Danišovič P , Pitoňák M , Trnka M , Ondrejka R 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Road infrastructure is increasingly loaded by national and international freight transport, and so the European Union is trying to force Member States to try to shift some road freight transport to another mode of transport to create a large and efficient intermodal freight network. In this paper, we present a research project called TRANS TRITIA solved within the resources of the Interreg Central Europe program, which falls under priority axis no. 4 “Cooperation on transport to better connect CENTRAL EUROPE” and the specific program objective SO 4.2 “To improve coordination among freight transport stakeholders for increasing multimodal environmentally-friendly freight solutions. We will focus on its objectives by which wants to contribute to the efficient utilization of intermodal freight transport, to make transport more environmentally friendly. The project partners from Slovakia, the Czech Republic and Poland, together with representatives of the relevant regional governments, focused on improving the interconnection of Central European countries in the field of freight transport. In the second part of the paper, we will discuss in more detail the issue of traffic surveys, which served to obtain important data for the transport model of the TRITIA area.