bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
"All the web is a stage": twittoperas o Shakespeare más abreviado que nunca
Authors: Abuín González Anxo 
Published: April 2021

En este artículo se examina la incidencia de las redes sociales en la creación de nuevas formas teatrales, a partir del estudio de dos ejemplos de twittoperas multimediales que toman como origen el drama shakesperiano de Romeo y Julieta: la producción de la Royal Shakespeare Company (Such Sweet Sorrow, 2010) y la de la compañía de teatro Chévere (Amores prohibidos 2.0, 2012). Ambos intentan explicarse desde una posible “Script acts theory”, que pretende abordar este tipo de experiencias desde la tensión entre un guion previo y un alto grado de imprevisibilidad.
Ética y estética en la novela realista contemporánea: de "Miau" (1888) a "Animales domésticos" (2003)
Authors: Simó Marta 
Published: April 2021

Tras varias décadas en las que en la narrativa peninsular se ha evitado la representación de los aspectos más conflictivos de la historia coetánea, ha cristalizado en los últimos años una forma de realismo testimonial y comprometido, claro deudor del realismo de la segunda mitad del XIX, orientado hacia la tarea de plasmar la dialéctica entre el sujeto y las problemáticas circunstancias sociales que atraviesa España en el momento presente. Tomando como paradigma Animales domésticos (2003), de Marta Sanz, y la obra que le sirvió de inspiración, Miau (1888), de Benito Pérez Galdós, este artículo explora los aspectos fundamentales de esta nueva tendencia, tanto en el plano ético como en el estético, y establece las líneas de continuidad y ruptura entre la misma y el paradigma decimonónico.
Las dos caras de la autoficción en "La novela luminosa" de Mario Levrero
Authors: García Mariano 
Published: April 2021

El lugar que la autoficción ha ocupado en las últimas décadas en la literatura latinoamericana puede deducirse por la importancia y la significación de propuestas tan distintas y personales como la del colombiano Fernando Vallejo, el mexicano Mario Bellatin o el argentino César Aira. Una obra con algo de descubrimiento póstumo en el siglo XXI es también la del uruguayo Mario Levrero, que organiza en su opus magnum, La novela luminosa (2005), un desafiante y complejo juego que pone en primer plano su propia figura de autor. Tras un repaso histórico de ciertos elementos de retórica, será el objeto de este trabajo determinar si La novela luminosa de Mario Levrero es un título susceptible de figurar en el canon de autoficción que se inaugura con el siglo XXI.
Monocyte/HDL ratio in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy controls
Authors: GÜRBÜZ Tuğba , TANRIDAN OKÇU Nefise , DOKUZEYLÜL GÜNGÖR Nur 
Published: April 2021

Aim: to examine and compare various variables, especially monocyte / high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) ratio (MHR), in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and healthy controls.
Materials and Methods: Data of patients who applied to Adana City Training & Research Hospital Gynecology and Obstetrics Outpatient Clinic were analyzed retrospectively from the hospital database. The records of a total of 259 cases, including 194 with PCOS and 65 without PCOS who had normal menstrual cycles between the ages of 18-38, were examined.
Results: When compared with the control group, the overweight/obese PCOS group was found to have higher triglyceride value. Age and neutrophil values were significantly higher, whereas red blood cell distribution width was lower in the control group compared to both PCOS groups. Weight and BMI values were significantly different for all three groups. The HDL value was detected to be significantly higher in the normoweight PCOS group compared to the overweight/obese PCOS group. Total cholesterol value was significantly higher in the overweight/obese PCOS group compared to the normoweight PCOS group. The MHR values was found to be similar in all groups.
Conclusions: In previous studies, although the importance of MHR was emphasized in predicting and preventing obesity in PCOS cases, it was concluded that this relationship was not significant in our study. Although the present study has various limitations, there are few studies on this subject and our findings represent an important difference from available results, suggesting the presence of underlying variations that necessitate further studies on this subject.
Tilting Uranus: Collisions versus Spin–Orbit Resonance
Authors: Rogoszinski Zeeve , Hamilton Douglas P. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate whether Uranus’s 98° obliquity was a by-product of a secular spin–orbit resonance assuming that the planet originated closer to the Sun. In this position, Uranus’s spin precession frequency is fast enough to resonate with another planet located beyond Saturn. Using numerical integration, we show that resonance capture is possible in a variety of past solar system configurations but that the timescale required to tilt the planet to 90° is of the order ∼108 yr—a time span that is uncomfortably long. A resonance kick could tilt the planet to a significant 40° in ∼107 yr only if conditions were ideal. We also revisit the collisional hypothesis for the origin of Uranus’s large obliquity. We consider multiple impacts with a new collisional code that builds up a planet by summing the angular momentum imparted from impactors. Because gas accretion imparts an unknown but likely large part of the planet’s spin angular momentum, we compare different collisional models for tilted, untilted, spinning, and nonspinning planets. We find that a 1 M
⊕ strike is sufficient to explain the planet’s current spin state, but that two 0.5 M
⊕ collisions produce better likelihoods. Finally, we investigate hybrid models and show that resonances must produce a tilt of at least ∼40° for any noticeable improvements to the collision model. Because it is difficult for spin–orbit resonances to drive Uranus’s obliquity to 98° even under these ideal conditions, giant impacts seem inescapable.
Le démenti, la covid-Méduse et le camp : une guerre au langage ?
Authors: Meynard André 
Published: April 2021

En revenant à la Verleugnung en ses effets sur notre texte culturel du moment et en faisant lettres des détails négligés par les experts, se dévoile combien la guerre déclarée permet d’en négliger une autre. Celle, sous-jacente mais effective, qui chosifie l’humain et tend à effacer les traces de son avancée en imposant comme seule issue la poursuite des mêmes pentes délétères. Ainsi paraît, avec le surgissement de cet événement inédit, que le processus habituel d’effacement des traces de cette chosification de l’humain propre à ces logiques s’est interrompu. Il n’a pu rester voilé ni par les circuits technico-gestionnaires, ni par les éléments de langage institués dominants. Confusément, dans les failles, caviardages, aberrations multiples de ce texte expert, un certain vernis se craquelle, mettant soudain à nu la structure de ce qui généralement reste dissimulé : un tel univers sanitaire pousse à supprimer les conditions d’un véritable prendre soin puisque affilié aux idéaux d’une technoscience réglée en fait sur des logiques inverses. En restant attentif aux lueurs du pulsionnel qui seules nous font parlêtres, peuvent s’interroger les logiques discursives poussant à une telle mutation. Mutation qui, en radicalisant toujours plus une guerre au langage, fait flamber l’éclat du mauvais œil, de ses puissances panoptiques comme de ses incidences surmoïques.
ATP Release Drives Inflammation with Lysophosphatidylcholine
Authors: Ismaeel Sana , Qadri Ayub 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), a dominant lipid component of oxidized low-density lipoprotein, plays a major role in inflammation associated with atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative disorders. It activates inflammatory responses from macrophages, neuronal cells, and endothelial cells. However, the exact mechanism by which LPC promotes inflammation remains incompletely understood. In this study, we show that the production of inflammatory cytokines and cytotoxicity with LPC are both critically dependent on its ability to bring about release of ATP from cells. The induction of caspase-1–mediated IL-1β release with LPC from TLR-primed mouse and human macrophages and mouse neuronal cells is reduced in the presence of ATP-hydrolyzing enzyme, apyrase, and the inhibitors of purinergic signaling. ATP released from LPC-treated cells also promotes an IL-12p70hi, low phagocytic, and poorly costimulatory phenotype in macrophages in a caspase-1–independent manner. Treatment with apyrase reduces production of inflammatory cytokines with LPC in vivo. These findings reveal a previously unappreciated pathway for the generation of inflammatory responses with LPC, and these have significant implications for therapeutic intervention in chronic inflammatory disorders promoted by this lipid.
Natural Killer Cell Group 7 Sequence in Cytotoxic Cells Optimizes Exocytosis of Lytic Granules Essential for the Perforin-Dependent, but Not Fas Ligand–Dependent, Cytolytic Pathway
Authors: Morikawa Yuhki , Murakami Minami , Kondo Hitoshi , Nemoto Noriko , Iwabuchi Kazuya , Eshima Koji 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Cytotoxic cells, such as CD8+ T cells or NK cells, have been shown to eliminate virus-infected cells or transformed cells primarily via two pathways: the perforin/granzyme-dependent pathway and the Fas ligand–Fas pathway; however, the precise cytolytic mechanisms have not been clarified thoroughly. In our previous study, we demonstrated that a T-box transcription factor, Eomesodermin (Eomes), may play important roles in activating the perforin pathway besides inducing perforin and granzyme B mRNA expression. In this study, we identified natural killer cell group 7 sequence (Nkg7), a molecule induced by Eomes, to be found critical for perforin-dependent cytolysis. Nkg7 mRNA expression in leukocytes from normal mice was mainly restricted to cells with cytotoxicity such as NK cells, NKT cells, and activated CD8+ T cells. The cytolytic activity of NK cells or CD8+ CTLs from Nkg7-deficient mice against Fas-negative target cells was reduced significantly, whereas Fas ligand–mediated cytolysis by Nkg7-deficient CTLs was not impaired. Further, translocation of granule membrane protein CD107a to the cell surface upon CD3 stimulation was defective in CD8+ CTLs from Nkg7 knockout, whereas surface induction of another granule membrane protein, CD63, was almost normal. In addition, analyses of lytic granules in CTLs by electron microscopy revealed that the number of lytic granules with dense cores was significantly reduced in Nkg7-knockout CTLs. These results indicate that Nkg7 may specifically contribute to efficient cytolysis via the perforin/granzyme pathway by enhancing the exocytosis of a particular type of lytic granules.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Hypertensive Emergency
Authors: Khamsai Sittichai , Kachenchart Sitthan , Sawunyavisuth Bundit , Limpawattana Panita , Chindaprasirt Jarin , Senthong Vichai , Chotmongkol Verajit , Pongkulkiat Patnarin , Sawanyawisuth Kittisak 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common factor associated with hypertensive crises. There is limited evidence of prevalence and risk factors of OSA in hypertensive emergency.

Methods:
This study recruited adult patients who diagnosed as hypertensive emergency and tested for OSA. The study period was between July 2019 and January 2020. The patients were categorized as OSA and non-OSA groups by the evidence from polysomnography. Prevalence and risk factors for OSA were executed.

Results:
During the study, there were 52 eligible patients. Of those, 30 patients (57.69%) were diagnosed with OSA. The stepwise logistic regression analysis for predicting OSA had two remaining factors: body mass index and diastolic blood pressure. Only body mass index was independently associated with OSA with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.166 (95% confidence interval of 1.033, 1.316). The body mass index of 25.02 kg/m2 gave sensitivity and specificity of 80.00% and 59.09%, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 70.98%.

Conclusion:
OSA had high incidence rate in patients with hypertensive emergency. High body mass index was a predictor for OSA associated with hypertensive emergency.
Association of serum calprotectin with peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Velayutham Ramanathan , Nair Pradeep Pankajakshan , Adole Prashant S. , Mehalingam Vadivelan 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:
Peripheral neuropathy is a common microvascular complication in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with a prevalence of around 50%.

Objectives:
This prospective observational cross-sectional study was done to assess serum calprotectin levels among diabetic patients with peripheral neuropathy as compared to those without neuropathy.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in 126 diabetic patients attending the out-patient department of JIPMER Hospital, Pondicherry from July 2017 to January 2019. The subjects were divided into two groups (with and without peripheral neuropathy) and underwent nerve conduction study of both the lower limbs. Blood samples were collected and stored at −80°C for estimation of serum calprotectin. Serum calprotectin levels were compared between diabetic patients with and without peripheral neuropathy.

Results:
Serum calprotectin levels were increased in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) as compared to those without DPN. However, there was no significant difference in the mean value of serum calprotectin among the various sub-groups of DPN.

Conclusion:
Serum calprotectin, an inflammatory biomarker is elevated in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy as compared to those without neuropathy.
Evaluation through outbreak simulation exercise points to the need for considerable improvement in the capacity of peripheral health workers for outbreak detection and response, South India, 2018
Authors: Kurup Karishma K. , Manickam P. , Prakash M. 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Outbreaks are emergencies, requiring skilled peripheral health workers in the health system. Given the lack of evaluation of the knowledge and practices of peripheral health workers regarding outbreak investigation and response, we surveyed to estimate the performance level of health workers in outbreak detection and response.

Methods:
We developed a simulation exercise based on hepatitis and fever outbreak to ascertain knowledge and skills in outbreak detection and response. Following a pilot test and with inputs from public health experts, we finalized the instrument in the local language. The simulation exercise was self-administered among all health inspectors (HI) (n = 39) from a district in South India responsible for outbreak investigation. We collected sociodemographic factors, training, education level, awareness about the surveillance program, outbreak triggers, and prior experience with an outbreak. We assigned a score of 0.25 for each correct response (range 0 to 10.75). We categorized a score of <75% as poor performance. The academic ethics committee of ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology approved the protocol.

Results:
All the HIs were male except one. Median age is 51 years (Range: 37.5–54). The median years of service is 12 (range 5.3 to 23). Twenty-two received training, and fifteen had prior exposure to an outbreak in the previous year. The overall performance of HIs was poor, with the highest mark being below 40%. The median score in the section of history taking was 0.25 [interquartile range (IQR) 0–0.5], 31% (n = 12) scored zero. The median score in the section of data entry, analysis, and outbreak detection was 0.25 (0–0.25), 28% (n = 11) scored zero. The median score in the section of outbreak response was 0.75 (IQR 0.75–1.13), 5% (n = 2) scored zero.

Conclusion:
The HIs performed poorly in outbreak preparedness and response. We recommend improving their performance through field-epidemiology training and regular field or facility-based evaluations.
Traumatic spinal cord injury in southern Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alnaami Ibrahim , Alsaleh Saleh , Al-Amri Mohammed S. , Al-Alamri Ayman , Al-Zahrani Fares , Al-Amri Mohammed A. , Khan Mohammed Abid 
Published: April 2021

Introduction:
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an unbearable neurological disorder. which has a destructive socioeconomic effect of affected individual, their families and the healthcare systems. Stressful spinal cord damages are caused by road traffic misfortunes, violence, sports or falls.

Methods:
Retrospective study of 112 spinal cord injured patient admitted to Aseer Central hospital (ACH) between the years 2016 and 2018.

Results:
The present study includes 112 cases of TSCI patients who admitted to Asser Central Hospital and surgically treated, with mean age 32.1 ± 14.12 years. Males were the mostly affected by almost 90.2%. Lower level of education is seen in 69.6% of patients; while only 30.3% of patients had university education or higher. Motor vehicle accidents (MVA) and falls are the only two causes of spinal cord injuries in this study; however, MVA was the cause of SCI in (79.5%) and 20.5% for falls.

Conclusions:
MVAs are the most source of spinal cord injuries in Southern Saudi Arabia with high male predominance. Despite the lack of significance between shorter time to surgery, and improvement in ASIA score, it was found that shorter time to surgery plays an important role in reducing the post-operative intensive care unit and ward stay, potentially reducing possible long stay related complications and eventually reducing health care cost.
One year of breast cancer in Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Jimoh Mutiu A. , Ajani Mustapha A. , Folorunso Sharif A. , Fatunla Ebenezer O. , Aruah Chinedu S. , Abdus-Salam Abbas A. , Ogunbiyi John O. 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Breast cancer is a major public health problem in most low- to medium-income countries of the world because of its high morbidity and mortality rate. Histopathological features are vital in risk assessment, selection of treatment and prognostication in breast cancer patients. This study aimed to assess the histopathological features of all breast cancer cases seen in a tertiary hospital in the year 2018.

Methods:
This is a retrospective review of all breast cancer cases histologically diagnosed and confirmed by three Pathologists at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan over a one-year period from 1st January 2018 to 31st December, 2018.

Results:
A total of 236 breast cancer cases were seen during this period, 234 (99.2%) were females while only 2 (0.8%) were male. 163 (69.7%) patients were between the fourth and sixth decades of life, 65 (27.8%) patients were above sixth decade while 6 (2.5%) patients were below fourth decade. Invasive ductal carcinoma of No Special Type (NST) was the commonest histological subtype 212 (89.8%). Grade 1 cases were 25(10.6%), Grade 2 129 (54.7%) and Grade 3 cases were 40 (16.9%) while 42 (17.8%) were not graded. Lymphovascular invasion observed in 98 (41.5%) of the cases. 54 (22.9%) had immunohistochemistry out of which 23 (43.4%) were triple negative while 8 (3.4%) were triple positive.

Conclusion:
Histopathological features suggesting aggressive disease was predominantly observed. Efforts should be made towards early diagnosis, adequate evaluation and prompt treatment. Cancer care should be fully incorporated in the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS).
Oral epidermoid cyst
Authors: Abdullahi Mohammed Adam Sheikh , Zarami Abba Bukar , Sanda Abubakar Kaka , Olasoji Hector 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Epidermoid cyst of the oral cavity is very rare, slow-growing, benign neoplasm derived from the remnant of the neural tube. It accounts for less than 0.01% of all cystic lesions of the head and neck. Most of the intraoral cases are reported in the midline and floor of the mouth. Very rare cases are seen involving the tongue, lips, uvula, temporomandibular joint, maxillary, and buccal mucosa. The rare oral lesion is asymptomatic, but large masses present early with difficulty in breathing and swallowing. We report an uncommon case of epidermoid cyst in an infant with failure to thrive due to obstruction and inability to latch breast milk.

Case report:
A 40-day-old male infant presented with a large oral swelling in the floor of the mouth since birth. It measured 4 × 5 cm in size. Surgical excision with primary closure was successfully performed. The histopathological report confirmed the diagnosis of epidermoid cyst. The child recovered to full general health with no signs of recurrence.

Conclusion:
Oral epidermoid cyst is a rare neoplasm that may mimic dermoid cyst and teratoid tumors clinically. The treatment of choice is surgical excision; however, there is a recurrence rate of 33% and rarely transforms into malignancy.
Mushroom poisoning and outcome of patients admitted in a tertiary care hospital in North East India
Authors: Pandita Kawal Krishan , Topno Noor , Thappa Devinder Mohan 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Of the estimated 5000 existing mushroom species, only 200 to 300 have been established to be edible and safe, whereas 50 to 100 species are known to be poisonous for human consumption. The toxicity profile of most other species has not been investigated. Consuming mushrooms gathered in the wild is risky, as most of the mushroom poisoning reported are due to accidental ingestion of poisonous mushrooms, which are often misidentified. To study the clinical characteristics of patients who got admitted with mushroom poisoning in North Eastern Indra Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences (NEIGRIHMS), Shillong over the past 5 years.

Methods:
A retrospective study of case records of patients admitted with mushroom poisoning over 5 years in a tertiary care regional institute of northeastern India (NEIGRIHMS, Shillong) was carried out. Data collection was done using a pre-designed proforma.

Results:
Fifty-three patients were admitted with mushroom poisoning during the study period of 5 years (2014–2019). Maximum number (16; 30.19%) of the patients belonged to the age group of 11 to 20 years. A two and a half months old baby on breast milk is the youngest patient admitted with mushroom poisoning. Out of 53 patients with mushroom poisoning, 33 (62.26%) reported in six clusters, and 20 (37.74%) were admitted as individual mushroom poisoning patients. The majority, 40 (75.47%), of the patients survived and got discharged. Nine (16.98%) patients died due to complications of poisoning, and four (7.55%) patients left against medical advice. Most of the cases (21, 39.62%) were from Ri-Bhoi district. Most (17, 32.07%) of the mushroom poisoning occurred during the month of May, which coincided with the peak time of mushroom production in the state of Meghalaya.

Conclusions:
Wild mushroom is a part of routine food consumption in the tribal population of Meghalaya. Nearly 75% of the patients admitted with mushroom poisoning recovered, whereas 16.98% died due to poisoning complications.