bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
iQUANT: Interactive Quantitative Investment Using Sparse Regression Factors
Authors: Yue Xuanwu , Gu Qiao , Wang Deyun , Qu Huamin , Wang Yong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe model‐based investing using financial factors is evolving as a principal method for quantitative investment. The main challenge lies in the selection of effective factors towards excess market returns. Existing approaches, either hand‐picking factors or applying feature selection algorithms, do not orchestrate both human knowledge and computational power. This paper presents iQUANT, an interactive quantitative investment system that assists equity traders to quickly spot promising financial factors from initial recommendations suggested by algorithmic models, and conduct a joint refinement of factors and stocks for investment portfolio composition. We work closely with professional traders to assemble empirical characteristics of “good” factors and propose effective visualization designs to illustrate the collective performance of financial factors, stock portfolios, and their interactions. We evaluate iQUANT through a formal user study, two case studies, and expert interviews, using a real stock market dataset consisting of 3000 stocks × 6000 days × 56 factors.
VisEvol: Visual Analytics to Support Hyperparameter Search through Evolutionary Optimization
Authors: Chatzimparmpas A. , Martins R. M. , Kucher K. , Kerren A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDuring the training phase of machine learning (ML) models, it is usually necessary to configure several hyperparameters. This process is computationally intensive and requires an extensive search to infer the best hyperparameter set for the given problem. The challenge is exacerbated by the fact that most ML models are complex internally, and training involves trial‐and‐error processes that could remarkably affect the predictive result. Moreover, each hyperparameter of an ML algorithm is potentially intertwined with the others, and changing it might result in unforeseeable impacts on the remaining hyperparameters. Evolutionary optimization is a promising method to try and address those issues. According to this method, performant models are stored, while the remainder are improved through crossover and mutation processes inspired by genetic algorithms. We present VisEvol, a visual analytics tool that supports interactive exploration of hyperparameters and intervention in this evolutionary procedure. In summary, our proposed tool helps the user to generate new models through evolution and eventually explore powerful hyperparameter combinations in diverse regions of the extensive hyperparameter space. The outcome is a voting ensemble (with equal rights) that boosts the final predictive performance. The utility and applicability of VisEvol are demonstrated with two use cases and interviews with ML experts who evaluated the effectiveness of the tool.
SenVis: Interactive Tensor‐based Sensitivity Visualization
Authors: Yang Haiyan , Ballester‐Ripoll Rafael , Pajarola Renato 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSobol's method is one of the most powerful and widely used frameworks for global sensitivity analysis, and it maps every possible combination of input variables to an associated Sobol index. However, these indices are often challenging to analyze in depth, due in part to the lack of suitable, flexible enough, and fast‐to‐query data access structures as well as visualization techniques. We propose a visualization tool that leverages tensor decomposition, a compressed data format that can quickly and approximately answer sophisticated queries over exponential‐sized sets of Sobol indices. This way, we are able to capture the complete global sensitivity information of high‐dimensional scalar models. Our application is based on a three‐stage visualization, to which variables to be analyzed can be added or removed interactively. It includes a novel hourglass‐like diagram presenting the relative importance for any single variable or combination of input variables with respect to any composition of the rest of the input variables. We showcase our visualization with a range of example models, whereby we demonstrate the high expressive power and analytical capability made possible with the proposed method.
Visual Analysis of Electronic Densities and Transitions in Molecules
Authors: Masood T. Bin , Thygesen S.S. , Linares M. , Abrikosov A. I. , Natarajan V. , Hotz I. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe study of electronic transitions within a molecule connected to the absorption or emission of light is a common task in the process of the design of new materials. The transitions are complex quantum mechanical processes and a detailed analysis requires a breakdown of these processes into components that can be interpreted via characteristic chemical properties. We approach these tasks by providing a detailed analysis of the electron density field. This entails methods to quantify and visualize electron localization and transfer from molecular subgroups combining spatial and abstract representations. The core of our method uses geometric segmentation of the electronic density field coupled with a graph‐theoretic formulation of charge transfer between molecular subgroups. The design of the methods has been guided by the goal of providing a generic and objective analysis following fundamental concepts. We illustrate the proposed approach using several case studies involving the study of electronic transitions in different molecular systems.
Visualizing Carotid Blood Flow Simulations for Stroke Prevention
Authors: Eulzer P. , Meuschke M. , Klingner C. M. , Lawonn K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this work, we investigate how concepts from medical flow visualization can be applied to enhance stroke prevention diagnostics. Our focus lies on carotid stenoses, i.e., local narrowings of the major brain‐supplying arteries, which are a frequent cause of stroke. Carotid surgery can reduce the stroke risk associated with stenoses, however, the procedure entails risks itself. Therefore, a thorough assessment of each case is necessary. In routine diagnostics, the morphology and hemodynamics of an afflicted vessel are separately analyzed using angiography and sonography, respectively. Blood flow simulations based on computational fluid dynamics could enable the visual integration of hemodynamic and morphological information and provide a higher resolution on relevant parameters. We identify and abstract the tasks involved in the assessment of stenoses and investigate how clinicians could derive relevant insights from carotid blood flow simulations. We adapt and refine a combination of techniques to facilitate this purpose, integrating spatiotemporal navigation, dimensional reduction, and contextual embedding. We evaluated and discussed our approach with an interdisciplinary group of medical practitioners, fluid simulation and flow visualization researchers. Our initial findings indicate that visualization techniques could promote usage of carotid blood flow simulations in practice.
Remote (Dis)engagement: Shifting Corporate Risk to the ‘Bottom of the Pyramid’
Authors: Roll Kate , Dolan Catherine , Rajak Dinah 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTUntapped markets are often deemed institutional voids, terra incognita ripe with economic possibility. The conversion of institutional voids into viable markets has become the ambition of many corporations today, which view marginal and under‐served areas such as urban slums as opportunities to achieve the dual aims of market growth and poverty reduction, particularly through ‘bottom of the pyramid’ (BoP) programmes. This article examines how firms manage institutional voids and the consequences of these approaches for workers through a case study of a BoP ‘route to market’ programme designed by a global food manufacturer in Kibera, Africa's largest slum, located in Nairobi. Instead of engaging with Kibera by upgrading informal markets or generating formal employment, the corporation focused on harnessing existing informal systems through composite arrangements of NGOs, social networks and informal enterprises, a strategy the authors term ‘remote (dis)engagement’. The article describes the logics and outcome of this strategy of formal engagement with informal markets, concluding that the BoP business model depends on ‘gig practices’ of flexibility, irregular work and insecurity to realize the much‐heralded ‘fortune at the bottom of the pyramid’.
Trait‐based responses to land use and canopy dynamics modify long‐term diversity changes in forest understories
Authors: Happonen Konsta , Muurinen Lauralotta , Virtanen Risto , Kaakinen Eero , Grytnes John‐Arvid , Kaarlejärvi Elina , Parisot Philippe , Wolff Matias , Maliniemi Tuija 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimLand use is the foremost cause of global biodiversity decline, but species do not respond equally to land‐use practices. Instead, it is suggested that responses vary with species traits, but long‐term data on the trait‐mediated effects of land use on communities are scarce. Here we study how forest understorey communities have been affected by two land‐use practices during 4–5 decades, and whether changes in plant diversity are related to changes in functional composition.LocationFinland.Time period1968–2019.Major taxa studiedVascular plants.MethodsWe resurveyed 245 vegetation plots in boreal herb‐rich forest understories, and used hierarchical Bayesian linear models to relate changes in diversity, species composition, average plant size, and leaf economic traits to reindeer abundance, forest management intensity, and changes in climate, canopy cover and composition. We also studied the relationship between species evenness and plant size across both space and time.ResultsIntensively managed forests decreased in species richness and had increased turnover, but management did not affect functional composition. Increased reindeer densities corresponded with increased leaf dry matter content, evenness and diversity, and decreased height and specific leaf area. Successional development in the canopy was associated with increased specific leaf area and decreased leaf dry matter content and height in the understorey over the study period. Effects of reindeer abundance and canopy density on diversity were partially mediated by vegetation height, which had a negative relationship with evenness across both space and time. Observed changes in climate had no discernible effect on any variable.Main conclusionsFunctional traits are useful in connecting vegetation changes to the mechanisms that drive them, and provide unique information compared to turnover and diversity metrics. These trait‐dependent selection effects could inform which species benefit and which suffer from land‐use changes and explain observed biodiversity changes under global change.
Characterization of chronic overlapping pain conditions in patients with chronic migraine: A CHOIR study
Authors: Barad Meredith J. , Sturgeon John A. , Hong Juliette , Aggarwal Anuj K. , Mackey Sean C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveChronic overlapping pain conditions (COPCs) represent a co‐aggregation of widespread pain disorders. We characterized differences in physical and psychosocial functioning in patients with chronic migraine (CM) and those with CM and COPCs.BackgroundPatients with CM and COPCs have been identified as a distinct subgroup of patients with CM, and these patients may be vulnerable to greater symptom severity and burden.MethodsData were extracted from Collaborative Health Outcomes Information Registry (an open‐source learning health‐care system), completed at the patients' first visit at a large tertiary care pain management center and electronic medical records. In 1601 patients with CM, the number of non‐cephalic areas of pain endorsed on a body map was used to examine the differences in pain, physical and psychosocial function, adverse life experience, and health‐care utilization.ResultsPatients endorsing more body map regions reported significantly worse symptoms and function across all domains. Scored on a t‐score metric (mean = 50, SD = 10), endorsement of one additional body map region corresponded with a 0.69‐point increase in pain interference (95% CI = 0.55, 0.82; p < 0.001; Cohen's f = 0.328), 1.15‐point increase in fatigue (95% CI = 0.97, 1.32; p < 0.001; Cohen's f = 0.432), and 1.21‐point decrease in physical function (95% CI = −1.39, −1.03; p < 0.001; Cohen's f = 0.560). Patients with more widespread pain reported approximately 5% more physician visits (95% CI = 0.03, 0.07; p < 0.001), and patients reporting adverse life events prior to age 17 endorsed 22% more body map regions (95% CI = 0.11, 0.32; p < 0.001).ConclusionsPatients with CM and other overlapping pain conditions as noted on the body map report significantly worse pain‐related physical function, psychosocial functioning, increased health‐care utilization, and greater association with adverse life experiences, compared with those with localized CM. This study provides further evidence that patients with CM and co‐occurring pain conditions are a distinct subgroup of CM and can be easily identified through patient‐reported outcome measures.
Nerve block as neuropathic pain treatment for the great auricular nerve neuropathy: A case report
Authors: Moreno Pulido Silvia , Guerrero Peral Ángel Luis , García‐Azorín David 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjective/BackgroundThe great auricular nerve (GAN) is a major sensory branch of the cervical plexus. Painful great auricular neuropathy causes pain circumscribed to the inferior preauricular region, the jaw angle, the ventral pinna, and the mastoid region.MethodsWe present a 46‐year‐old woman experiencing facial pain in the bilateral preauricular and infra‐auricular region, constant, of abrasive quality without any other associated symptomatology that is triggered or aggravated with cephalic movements, cervical turn, mandibular movement, and palpation on the affected area.ResultsSymptomatic treatment with analgesics, anti‐inflammatories, and neuropathic preventive medications was ineffective. However, nerve block anesthetic treatment resulted in complete pain remission.ConclusionGreat auricular neuropathy is an uncommon cause of facial pain; our case report is the first bilateral occurrence reported to date. It should be suspected in patients with circumscribed shooting or lancinating paroxysmal pain in the territory of the GAN. It is characterized by the aggravation of pain with cervical movements and complete relief after anesthetic blockade.
First population estimates of the vulnerable southeast Iberian endemic tiger beetle Cephalota (Taenidia) deserticoloides
Authors: Herrera‐Russert José , López‐López Alejandro , Serrano José , Cordero‐Rivera Adolfo , Galián José 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The tiger beetle Cephalota deserticoloides is a species found in a few localised sites in south‐eastern Iberia, where it is a highly specialised inhabitant of the arid saline steppe habitat. Although regarded as vulnerable, very little is known about the actual population dynamics and degree of endangerment of this taxon, which may be worse than previously reported.
In this work, mark‐recapture estimates of total population size are presented for one of the main known populations of C. deserticoloides. Additionally, some further remarks on seasonality and co‐occurring tiger beetle species are made.
At the seasonal peak of adult activity, the area under consideration holds a relatively dense tiger beetle population with around 865 simultaneously active adult beetles, which is numerically comparable to those of other endangered cicindelids. These results will help assess the conservation status of C. deserticoloides and set the stage for more long‐term efforts, which are clearly needed to analyse population viability, and the priority of C. deserticoloides and its habitat as targets for protective measures.
Our observations indicate that a reconsideration of the current International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) listing of C. deserticoloides is strongly justified, from its current status as ‘vulnerable’ to a new listing as ‘endangered’.
Sintering behavior of Ni–Zn ferrite powders prepared by molten‐salt synthesis
Authors: Yang Pao , Qi Hongbin , Fu Xiuli , Peng Zhijian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNi0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 powders were prepared by a novel molten‐salt synthesis method. The effects of calcination processes of the powders on their sintering behaviors were investigated. Compared with the synthesis by traditional solid‐state reaction, the proposed molten‐salt method can significantly reduce the synthesis temperature of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 from 800 to 550°C below, and the prepared powders have relatively high sintering activity at low temperature, which can thus decrease the sintering temperature. However, the abnormal growth of grains is easy to occur during sintering, thus resulting in uneven grain size. In particular, during the molten‐salt synthesis, the holding time for calcination is a dominant factor affecting the activity and crystallization degree of the resultant powders. From the point of view of increasing the density of sintered bodies, the optimal conditions for synthesizing Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 powder by the proposed molten‐salt synthesis is 400°C for 6 h. In addition, the saturate magnetization of the finally obtained ferrite ceramics has nothing to do with the preparation processes, while their coercivity depends on their densification and grain size caused by their different processing routes.
Glass‐ceramics in the CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 system as potential dental restorative materials
Authors: Dimitriadis Konstantinos , Moschovas Dimitrios , Tulyaganov Dilshat U. , Agathopoulos Simeon 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis paper reports on development of novel alumina‐containing glass‐ceramics (GCs) with a high content of Al2O3 (12.5 wt.%) in the CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 system aimed for dental restorations. The thermal properties of the parent glasses, the microstructure and the mechanical properties of the produced sintered and crystallized GCs along with bio‐inertia performance were experimentally studied. Dense, white, and bio‐inert GCs, comprised of melilite, either as a single‐phase or with diopside, were produced. The values of flexural strength ranged between 120 and 171 MPa, the modulus of elasticity varied between 28 and 42 GPa, while the values of the hardness and the fracture toughness (measured by the indentation–Niihara equation) ranged from 6.3 to 7.0 GPa, and from 2.6 to 2.8 MPa m0.5, respectively. The mechanical properties of the produced GCs, after being meticulously compared with the mechanical properties of GCs of various compositions reported in literature, including commercial ones, are a good match to the properties of dental hard tissues, and satisfy the requirements of the ISO 6872 “Dentistry‐Ceramic Materials”.
Preparation of Ag‐Al₂O₃ nano structures by combustion method and investigation of photocatalytic activity
Authors: Einafshar Elham , Khodadadipoor Zahra , Fazli Mostafa , Einafshar Nafiseh , Mohebbi Zinab Javad , Asaei Sogol 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this research, Ag‐Al2O3 nanostructures have been prepared via combustion synthesis and ammonium acetate and urea have been applied as fuels. The prepared Ag‐Al2O3 nanostructures were characterized by DTA, XRD, SEM, TEM, and BET spectroscopy. The effect of different ratios of silver to alumina and fuel percentage on morphology and particle size of prepared products were investigated. The results showed that using ammonium acetate fuel led to the production of Ag‐γ‐Al2O3 nanocompounds, while using urea produced Ag‐α‐Al2O3. Also, the photocatalytic activity of Ag‐Al2O3 nanostructures for Congo red degradation was evaluated by UV‐Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of Ag‐Al2O3 was examined under UV‐Vis irradiation and showed significant photocatalytic efficiency.
Establishment of pediatric reference intervals for complete blood count parameters in capillary blood in Beijing
Authors: Song MeiYan , Dai ShuZhi , Li Jing , Liu WeiJie , Zhang Min , Ma LiJuan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundReference intervals (RIs) are normal ranges of clinical indicators established from healthy subjects, and comparing test results with RIs is the first step for clinicians in differentiating between healthy and diseased subjects. Capillary blood is widely used in complete blood count (CBC) tests in children; however, capillary blood‐based RIs for the CBC parameters are still lacking for all pediatric populations. The aim of this study was to establish capillary blood‐based RIs for the CBC parameters in children aged 3 months to 18 years in Beijing.MethodsA total of 6799 capillary blood specimens from children were collected, including 3832 males and 2967 females aged 3 months to 18 years, and CBC parameters were analyzed. Data analysis, RI calculations, and 90% confidence interval (CI) calculations were performed according to CLSI C28‐A3 guidelines.ResultsCapillary blood RIs for 22 CBC parameters were established in children aged 3 months to 18 years. The levels of most red blood cell‐related parameters increased with age and were generally higher in males than in females. White blood cell counts were relatively stable, with no obvious upward or downward trends from 3 months to 18 years of age. Platelet levels decreased within the first year and tended to be stable thereafter. Further validation with 458 healthy children illustrated that the verified results were within the established RIs with a 90%‐100% proportion.ConclusionWe established capillary blood RIs for 22 CBC parameters in children across a broad age range in Beijing.
BCR‐ABL1 p210 screening for chronic myeloid leukemia in patients with peripheral blood cytoses
Authors: Fenu Elena , O’Neill Stacey S. , Insuasti‐Beltran Giovanni 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntroductionChronic myeloid leukemia (CML) usually presents with leukocytosis with neutrophilia, left shift, and basophilia. Documentation of the BCR‐ABL1 fusion is required for diagnosis, and this is often achieved via p210 BCR‐ABL1 real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR).MethodsPatients undergoing first‐time testing for p210 BCR‐ABL1 at our institution were retrospectively identified. The medical record was reviewed, and the patient age, sex, clinical indication for testing, and concurrent CBC with differential were identified for 518 patients. BCR‐ABL1 p210 testing had been performed using a laboratory‐developed quantitative RT‐PCR assay. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using an unpaired t test, and P values of <.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsTwenty‐four patients received a new diagnosis of CML (4.6%). As compared to patients with a negative PCR, these patients were more likely to have a markedly elevated white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophilia, and a mild anemia. Ninety‐two percent (22/24) of new CML patients had a WBC ≥20 × 109/L, and the two new CML patients with WBC <20 × 109/L had basophilia in the peripheral blood. By contrast, 92% (449/490) of non‐CML patients had a WBC <20 × 109/L.ConclusionThe peripheral blood parameters of total WBC ≥20 × 109/L and absolute basophil count can help guide the need for BCR‐ABL1 PCR testing, which can lead to more judicious test utilization, decreased healthcare costs, and decreased false positives, while keeping a high sensitivity for CML. This study also underscores the importance of obtaining a complete differential in patients for whom CML is suspected.