bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation on biophysical carrying capacity to support land rehabilitation planning in the upstream watershed
Authors: Supangat A B , Wahyuningrum N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A comprehensive Soil and Water Conservation (SWC) plan is needed, supported by information on the condition of the Biophysical Carrying Capacity (BCC) of the watershed so that land rehabilitation activities will be right on target. The research aims to evaluate the BCC to support the SWC planning for the upstream watershed. The research area was in the Naruan Micro Watershed (NMW), the upstream of Keduang Sub Watershed, the Bengawan Solo Watershed. The analysis of the BCC used evaluation criteria based on the Ministry of Forestry Regulation (PerMenhut) No. P.61/Menhut-II/2014 concerning monitoring and evaluation of watershed management. The evaluation showed that the BCC in the research area was in the “Bad” category with a value of 128.0. It means that the watershed needs to be restored, particularly in terms of biophysical features. Several parameters indicated a poor category, i.g. the land aspect such as Percentage of Degraded Land (PDL) and Erosion Index (EI) parameters, while in the water system aspect such as the Flow Regime Coefficient (FRC), Annual Flow Coefficient (AFC), and Sediment Load (SL) parameters. These five parameters must become a concern and an important starting point for land rehabilitation planning in the form of SWC measures.
Ecological performance of local initiatives on water resources management in Timorese communities, Indonesia
Authors: Njurumana G N , Pujiono E , da Silva M M , Oematan O K 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Indonesia is one of the countries under the threat of a water crisis. A total of 106 districts from 16 provinces, including East Nusa Tenggara, experienced drought and clean water crisis of 1.50 billion m3 year−1. This involves ecological characteristics accumulation of semiarid regions, degradation of forest resources, and increased critical land. Mitigation research on a watershed scale provides an understanding of the strong relationship between land degradation and water crisis. However, specific information on biophysical spring sources in semi-arid ecosystems is still very limited. This study aimed to obtain ecological performance based on rainfall, critical land, and land cover from a community-based water resource management model on the Timor island. This study was conducted through field observations at 63 units of water sources and structured interviews. The results showed that the characteristics vary from rainfall distribution, land cover, critical land, and utilization pressure. Furthermore, water source units have a limited carrying capacity of rainfall, the land conditions are generally critical, including the threat of land fires and community use of springs. Meanwhile, the variations of these characteristics determine the management interventions undertaken by the community. Therefore, through various management models of community-based water sources, local initiatives need to get support to preserve water sources for the people’s livelihood.
Polarization of perception and motivation in ecotourism development based on sustainable peat ecosystem utilization
Authors: Karlina E , Takandjadji M , Heryati Y , Sukmana A , Andriani S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Tourism development in Indonesia is currently one of the alternatives in the national program as an effort to economic growth. The study’s objectives are (1) analyzing the perception and motivation values of the stakeholder community; (2) developing a strategy to optimize the development of sustainable peat ecosystem ecotourism. The research result shows that the polarization of perception and motivation of the community and stakeholders expressed a positive attitude towards the ecotourism development in the values of 6-7. The value shows a positive attitude between the community and stakeholders. The motivational value of both actors illustrates an optimistic attitude in the ecotourism development with a value between 6-7. The results of the matrix calculation of internal and external factors produce X coordinates of 0.50 and Y – 0.50 on the strategy quadrant diagram. The strategy is Weakness-Opportunity which is a strategy that minimizes weaknesses and takes advantage of existing opportunities. Strategic formulation, namely: (1) building and strengthening institutional systems; (2) improving the welfare of the community by opening business opportunities; (3) developing infrastructure and tourism support facilities; and (4) targeting marketing programs. The research benefit is that it can be used as one of the basis in drawing up a plan to optimize the utilization of peat ecosystems sustainably. It also can improve local communities’ attitudes of concern, awareness, and welfare.
Community perception of sustainable peat swamp ecosystem conservation in Buntoi Village, Kahayan Hilir Sub-District, Central Kalimantan
Authors: Karlina E , Yeny I 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The sustainability of peat swamp ecosystem management requires conservation efforts to prevent the exploitative and destructive utilization of the ecosystem. The real action efforts of conservation activities are closely related to the support from the surrounding peat forest community. The purpose of the study is to determine the level of community perception of peat ecosystem conservation. The method used is quantitative descriptive, with score intervals using the Likert scale. The study results show that respondents’ characteristics indicate that respondents’ economic value is in line with the length of stay in Buntoi Village. The value of three indicator community perception is in the high and very high categories. The study results show that the knowledge category of peat ecosystem conservation ranges from 948-1368 (high-very high), the response ranges from 1224-1572 (very high), and community attitude scores from 1260-1584 (very high). Respondents who live > 20 years stated that it is very important to carry out conservation activities. Community perception is agreed and very agree towards conservation efforts in the sustainable use of peat ecosystem. They are ready to participate in all forms of activities, both in private and government programs.
Historical data guides restoration of degraded peat swamp forests in Southeast Asia
Authors: van Hoeflaken J , Demies M , van der Meer P J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Peat swamp forests in Southeast Asia are under heavy pressure. Deforestation, forest degradation, wildfires, and drainage have damaged or destroyed substantial areas of the once extensive peat swamp forest formations. Several efforts are underway to rehabilitate degraded peat forests areas in order to restore some of the valuable ecosystem services these forested areas once provided. However, these efforts often result in (mixed)-plantations that only partly resemble the original peat forests. Information about these peat swamp forests’ complex origin and ecology is needed to improve restoration outcomes further. Our paper analyses historical data from coastal peat swamp forests in Sarawak and Brunei and discusses the potential to use this as the reference value for intact peat forests. We describe the observed stand structure and species composition for pristine peat swamp forest, and we analyze the population structure of three dominant peat swamp forest species: Gonystylus bancanus (ramin), Dactylocladus stenostachys (jongkong) and Shorea albida (alan batu). We compare the historical data with data from recently measured, degraded peat swamp forests. We discuss our results in relation to processes of peat dome formation, nutrient availability and hydrology, and give recommendations for peat swamp forest management and restoration.
Assessment of soil carbon stocks in several peatland covers in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Siregar C A , Narendra B H 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Changes in the soil carbon (C) stocks of degraded peatlands due to drainage, fire, or conversion of forest cover have not been studied much. This study aims to determine the characteristics of soil C stocks in degraded peatland covers due to logging and fire. The research was carried out on peatlands located in three villages representing peatland cover conditions in the form of primary/pristine peat swamp forest, logged-over forest, and post-fire peatland. Peat samples from each type of peatland cover were analyzed to determine the bulk density (BD) and C concentration. The results showed that peatland on the logged-over forest has the highest BD (0.135 gr cm−3) compared to the other sites. Based on the distribution of peat depth, the lowest BD was mainly found at the surface peat layers and increased significantly with the depth of peat. The C concentration with the mean value of 57.6% showed no significant differences among the three locations and at different depths. Soil C stocks in the upper one-meter depth were 621, 779, and 606 Mg ha−1 in the peat swamp forest, logged-over forest, and post-fire peatland, respectively. The total soil C stocks were ultimately determined by the peat thickness in the area.
Potential of medang reso (Cinnamomum parthenoxylon) as raw material source for antidiabetic drugs
Authors: Asmaliyah  , Hadi E E W , Novriyanti E 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Diabetics is known as a dangerous comorbid disease in covid 19 patience. Many herbal medicines are used to prevent diabetes. Recently, the use of herbal medicine increased rapidly. In Indonesia, many indigenous plants have been used as source of raw material of herbal medicine including Cinnamomum parthenoxylon. Previous study reported that in vitro administration of C. parthenoxylon extract could reduce the sugar level and increased the plasma insulin level. Data on phytochemistry and bio-activity of this species are unavailable yet. Therefore, this study examined the phytochemical constituents and antidiabetic activity of their leaves. The leaves of C. pathenoxylon were collected from Bangka Belitung and South Sumatra for phytochemical screening and in vitro study. The phytochemical screening showed that constituents of flavonoids, steroids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins were contained in the water extract of C. pathenoxylon leaves. The study indicated that extract leaves of C. pathenoxylon contains antidiabetic activity. In conclusion, C. pathenoxylon has the potential to be utilized as a source of raw material for diabetes medication. However, further in vivo and human administration studies are essentially required.
Analysis of soil and water conservation practices by community throughout the Upper Citarum River Watershed: motivational, technical and institutional aspects
Authors: Perkasa H W , Nurfatriani F , Astana S , Erwidodo  
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Forest degradation in the Upper Citarum Watershed requires an approach to changing farming patterns that applies techniques of soil and water conservation. The objective of the paper is to examine the extent to which the community in the Upper Citarum Watershed has practiced soil and water conservation techniques in its farming practices, as well as institutional support and community motivation in the application of the conservation practices. This study used a survey of 499 farmers to collect data in Bandung and West Bandung districts. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic analysis. Results of the study indicate that the soil and water conservation practices have been implemented by 45% of the farm household. The households practicing conservation techniques have higher revenue compared to those who not practicing. The sources of information that households learned come from fellow local farmers, while the most reasons motivating households to practice soil and water conservations are to prevent erosion and improve water supply. The local Agriculture and Forestry Service Offices and Watershed Agency are the dominant sources of assistance with the form of assistance are either materials or training. This study recommends improving spatial planning, providing market incentives and assistance, and supporting the agroforestry system.
Social innovation in social forestry: seeking better management for sustainable forest in Indonesia
Authors: Purwanto  , Yuliana C I , Hidayat S , Yaumidin U K , Nadjib M , Sambodo M T , Hidayatina A , Handoyo F W , Suryanto J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Indonesian state and local community have been conducting forest co-management as part of a new social forestry program initiative. This initiative is proposed to overcome environmental degradation as well as to enhance community well-being by increasing economic outcome of the forest. However, this program has the potential for conflict because of asymmetry between resources dedicated to approving social forestry permits versus capacity building, monitoring, and evaluating management outcomes. The social innovation approaches have been adopted as a potential solution to address complex social forestry program. This article aims to explore how social innovation and village governance in forest communities works. The research framework is designed by modifying the social innovation concept from the Theoretical, Empirical and Policy Foundations for Building Social Innovation in Europe (TEPSIE). Qualitative method is applied, by conducting in-depth interview and focus group discussion with forest policy experts, village authorities, and other stakeholders. Two neighbouring villages namely Sirnajaya and Tugu Utara in the Bogor District, West Java are visited. Sirnajaya represents village with strong government support by the Pilot Program for Incubation of Village Innovation in Local Economic Development (PIID-PEL), while Tugu Utara represents a strong society initiative in local development. The result reveals that social innovation has worked at different phases. However, good cooperation between formal and informal actors can have a better outcome on village development, compared to if each moves independently. The extension of social innovation and network of development can become an engine of village growth to the larger scope. The successful management for social forestry in Indonesia needs to be based on a hybrid governance model that needs to be “good” and “proper”. Therefore, the designs and practices for social forestry governance must be developed in more socially inclusive, reflected local social-economic, political, and cultural conditions.
Development of herbal teabag products based on regional potency to improve forest communities’ welfare
Authors: Maharani R , Fernandes A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
On May 10, 2019, the Directorate General of Sustainable Production Forest Management with online shopping @shopee_id began collaboration to promote and market Non-Timber Forest Products in order to improve Indonesian economic. The potential of non-timber forest products in East Kalimantan, Indonesia is abundant, especially the utilization as medicinal plants based on local wisdom, such as in Merabu village, Berau district, and Dilang Puti village, West Kutai district, East Kalimantan. Traditional medicinal products tend to be less regulated and have no selling value. This study aims to develop herbal teabag products, beginning from production process, the cost of production, brand naming, and to strengthening an organization for manage or manufacture herbal teabags from these two villages. Merabu has high potential of gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis), karamunting (Melastoma malabatricum), and ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri). The product made is prima tea, with main ingredients of mixed leaves of A. malaccensis, R. tomentosa and a little amount of E. zwageri powder as a dye. Meanwhile, Dilang Puti has high potential of laban (Vitex pubescens), and ginger (Zingiber officinale). Thus, a tea product namely Pusaka tea is introduced, with the main ingredients of mixed inner bark of V. pubescens and Z. officinale powder. All processing implements a cooperative model to produce herbal teabags, with raw materials taken from members’ garden. The product manufacturing training process tends to be faster and easier, while naming is quite long due to a common name should recognized by all parties, beginning from young people, general public, and customary elders. Furthermore, herbal tea bag products are packaged and sold through established organizations, which then have a positive impact on local communities’ income.
Factors affecting communities in adopting sustainable peat cultivation techniques and strategies for implementation (a case study in Pulang Pisau, Central Kalimantan)
Authors: Ekawati S , Sylviani  , Surati  , Ramawati  , Handoyo  , Prasetyo B D , Lugina M , Hidayat D C , Sumirat B K , Hardiansyah G , Mariani Y , Yusro F , Oktoria S , Kusrini N , Pranoto D Y , Roslinda E 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Peatlands have the primary source of livelihood for the surrounding communities, even though peatlands’ cultivation has several limiting factors. Drainage in peat cultivation has the potential to cause fires. Social and economic interests often conflict with ecological interests. The research was conducted in Pulang Pisau District using a semi-participatory approach through field observations, in-depth interviews with key informants, and focus group discussions. The study uses the descriptive qualitative method in the data analysis. The results showed that factors that influence the adoption of sustainable peat management techniques are: i) the introduced technique is following the community’s social and cultural characteristics, but most of the people belong to the early majority and late majority category; ii) the intrinsic nature of the innovation; iii) the absence of collective decision making to implement land clearing without burning and iv) lack of assistance. The study recommended five policy strategy: i) preparing peat-adaptive commodity market; ii) encouraging incentives for implementing non-burning land clearing; iii) coordination and synergy between institutions; iv) selection of superior rubber seed and Cajuput plantation as a substitute for galam, and v) development of participatory agrosilvofishery demonstration plots.
Business feasibility of several PS-01 hybrid silkworms (Bombix mori L.) cultivation scheme
Authors: Yuniati D , Suharti S , Widiarti A , Andadari L , Heryati Y , Agustarini R 
Published: November 2021

AbstractForest Research and Development Center has developed technology to increase productivity of sericulture through selection of types and varieties and cross-breeding to obtain superior hybrids. One of the superior hybrids produced is superior silkworm PS-01. The use of PS-01 hybrid silkworm seeds has been officially carried out with the Minister of Forestry Decree Number 794 I Menhut-II/2013 concerning the Release of PS-01 Hybrid Silkworm (Bombyx Mory L) Seeds. Several variations in the cultivation of the PS-01 hybrid silkworm in the field result in several cultivation schemes. This study aims to assess feasibility of several of PS-01 hybrid silkworm cultivation schemes. The research is conducted at KTH Bina Mandiri Sukabumi. Data and information are obtained through in-depth interviews with several farmer group members Bina Mandiri Sukabumi, owner and manager of PT Begawan Nusantara as a partner of KTH, which cultivates PS-01 silkworm seeds. Data are analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. Feasibility of PS-01 hybrid silkworm cultivation business is assessed using several criteria, namely NPV, BCR, IRR, and BEP, during the 10-year business cycle. The results of financial analysis on four silkworm cultivation schemes using PS-01 hybrid silkworm seeds show Schema I : KTH farmers buy PS-01 hybrid silkworm eggs and sell their products in cocoons; it is not feasible; Schema II : KTH farmers buy PS-01 hybrid silkworm egg seeds and sell their products in the form of yarn, and it is feasible; Schema III : KTH farmers do not purchase PS-01 hybrid silkworm eggs and sell their products in the form of cocoons; it is not feasible; Schema IV. In a partnership scheme, KTH farmers are assisted with silkworm eggs, consumable operational materials, farmers receive maintenance assistance up to the 3rd instar, and the sale of the produce in the form of cocoons is feasible.
Willingness to pay estimation of microhydro power plant user for hydrological ecosystem services in North Buton Wildlife Reserve Area
Authors: Isnan W , Nugroho H Y S H , Saad M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
One of community empowerment programs implemented by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry is the construction of a Micro Hydro Power Plant (MHP) for communities around forest areas. One of the environmental services provided by forests is hydrological benefit in the form of water source to drive MHP turbines. The existence of the perceived benefit will trigger public awareness to participate in preserving forest functions. Rewards for benefits generated from forests can be manifested through efforts to conserve water resources jointly between the community and the party that manages the area. In this regard, this research is conducted to determine the willingness to pay of MHP users around the North Buton wildlife reserve to maintain the MHP unit and support forest resource conservation activities. This study employes the contingent valuation method (CVM) to calculate the willingness to pay value. The results show that MHP users are willing to pay IDR 2,611.- for each kWh of electric power. The willingness to pay is influenced by the amount of electricity consumption and the amount of income of the respondent. If it is calculated based on the volume of water used, the total willingness to pay for environmental water service is IDR 414.-per 1 liter per second.
Business model for community featured products in peatlands: case study of Pulang Pisau Regency
Authors: Djaenudin D , Indartik  , Suryandari E Y , Parlinah N , Salaka F J , Kurniawan A S , Iqbal M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Peatlands are one of resources for regional economic development in Pulang Pisau Regency. However, the condition of peatlands continues to be degraded due to uncontrolled use and fires on peatlands and forests areas. The socio-economic revitalization of community is one of the efforts to restore the degraded peatlands. This revitalization is required as the utilization of peatland by the community is still traditional, so the added value of land use products, until now has not been created optimally. Therefore, a land-use business approach that is appropriate with the capacity of the community and available natural capital is needed. This approach will improve community livelihoods and contribute positively to economic, social, and environmental development. This paper aims to identify the features of paludiculture products cultivated by the community and develop a featured product business model. Research locations are in Buntoi and Mantaren 1 Village. Data collection is carried out through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Respondents are farmers, traders, industry players, and the government. The data analysis used is descriptive data analysis and canvas business model (CBM). The dominant type of plant cultivated by the community is rubber. The community considers rubber could provide high economic benefits. Analysis results of rubber business practices carried out by the community are characterized by (i) low dry content of rubber latex (slab); (ii) rubber latex that is sold to a local trader or factories at lower prices than it is sold to the factory, (iii) the certainty of the slab supply to the factory is relatively high; and (iv) limited control of capital and technology. The development of the CBM model is needed to improve the rubber business through improving the quality of latex as a market segmentation requirement, expanding potential customers through collective marketing channels, improving productivity by selecting superior seeds and environmental engineering technology.