bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Trajectories Following Acute Infection in Older Patients With and Without Cognitive Impairment: An 1-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Silva Ana Rita , Regueira Patrícia , Cardoso Ana Luísa , Baldeiras Inês , Santana Isabel , Cerejeira Joaquim 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Dementia is a known risk factor for both delirium and acute systemic infections which may also play a significant role in promoting or accelerating neurodegenerative disease. Infections are both the main causes of hospitalization of dementia patients and can be a major precipitant of delirium but currently it is not possible to predict the risk of cognitive decline in older patients exposed to acute infection.Objectives: We aimed to determine the level of cognitive change at 1-year follow up in individuals with different patterns of cognitive function (dementia, delirium, delirium superimposed on dementia) at the time of their hospitalization due to a systemic infection and to correlate these cognitive patterns with clinical status variables.Methods: We recruited 53 hospitalized geriatric patients with a systemic infection, and we collected 12-months follow up data for 34 patients. These patients were classified in four groups: no cognitive impairment (controls—C), delirium only (D), dementia only (Dem), and delirium superimposed to dementia (DD). Cognitive performance was measured by change in score on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and delirium was identified using Confusion Assessment Measure (CAM). We examined performance on the MoCA in the first year after hospitalization, controlling for demographic characteristics, coexisting medical conditions, and type of infection.Results: For the 34 patients to whom follow-up data was available, delirium presence in individuals with prior dementia (DD group) was associated with a negative mean change score of 3-point (p &lt; 0.02) at 1 year follow up, whereas dementia patients without delirium had a mean change score of 1.5-point lower at 12-months (p = 0.04), when comparing follow-up and baseline MoCA scores. Cognitively healthy patients did not significantly decrease their MoCA score at follow-up (p = 0.15). MoCA and NPI scores during hospitalization were significantly correlated with the level of cognitive decline in the four groups (r = 0.658, p &lt; 0.01 and r = 0.439, p = 0.02, respectively).Conclusions: Premorbid dementia and delirium superimposed on dementia during hospitalization in older patients with acute infections predict cognitive decline at 1 year following admission. Taken together, our findings suggest a pathophysiological interaction between neurodegenerative changes, acute infection, and delirium.
Binge Drinking, Alone or With Cannabis, During Adolescence Triggers Different Effects on Immediate Visual Memory in Men and Women
Authors: Vinader-Caerols Concepción , Monleón Santiago 
Published: December 2021

Background: This study examines the interaction between a history of binge drinking (BD), alone or with cannabis consumption, and the effects of acute alcohol exposure on immediate visual memory (IVM) (faces memory task, scenes memory task and IVM-IQ) in adolescents of both sexes.Method: Two hundred and ninety adolescents, grouped into refrainers, binge drinkers and subjects with a history of simultaneous BD/Cannabis co-use, received a risk dose of alcohol or a control drink.Results: Consumption Pattern (refrainers vs. binge drinkers vs. BD/Cannabis consumers) was not significant, while Treatment (acute alcohol vs. control drink) was significant in both sexes. Also, male binge drinkers' performance in the faces memory task was poorer than that of refrainers and BD/Cannabis consumers who consumed the control drink. BD/Cannabis consumers performed this task as capably as refrainers. In women, binge drinkers performed better than refrainers in scene memory and IVM-IQ tests when given alcohol, and binge drinkers performed worse than refrainers after consuming the control drink.Conclusions: Acute alcohol consumption worsens IVM. Cannabis exerts a buffering effect in men. A cognitive tolerance effect is observed in women. Exposure during adolescence to alcohol, alone or with cannabis, can trigger different cognitive effects in men and women that could endure into adulthood.
Changes in Cortical Activity in Stroke Survivors Undergoing Botulinum Neurotoxin Therapy for Treatment of Focal Spasticity
Authors: Vinehout Kaleb , Tynes Kelsey , Sotelo Miguel R. , Hyngstrom Allison S. , McGuire John R. , Schmit Brian D. 
Published: December 2021

Background:Botulinum NeuroToxin-A (BoNT-A) relieves muscle spasticity and increases range of motion necessary for stroke rehabilitation. Determining the effects of BoNT-A therapy on brain neuroplasticity could help physicians customize its use and predict its outcome.Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Botulinum Toxin-A therapy for treatment of focal spasticity on brain activation and functional connectivity.Design:We used functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) to track changes in blood oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) activation and functional connectivity associated with BoNT-A therapy in nine chronic stroke participants, and eight age-matched controls. Scans were acquired before BoNT-A injections (W0) and 6 weeks after the injections (W6). The task fMRI scan consisted of a block design of alternating mass finger flexion and extension. The voxel-level changes in BOLD activation, and pairwise changes in functional connectivity were analyzed for BoNT-A treatment (stroke W0 vs. W6).Results:BoNT-A injection therapy resulted in significant increases in brain activation in the contralesional premotor cortex, cingulate gyrus, thalamus, superior cerebellum, and in the ipsilesional sensory integration area. Lastly, cerebellar connectivity correlated with the Fugl-Meyer assessment of motor impairment before injection, while premotor connectivity correlated with the Fugl-Meyer score after injection.Conclusion:BoNT-A therapy for treatment of focal spasticity resulted in increased brain activation in areas associated with motor control, and cerebellar connectivity correlated with motor impairment before injection. These results suggest that neuroplastic effects might take place in response to improvements in focal spasticity.
Dynamic Stall Characteristics of Pitching Swept Finite-Aspect-Ratio Wings
Authors: Ullah Al Habib , Tomek Kristopher L. , Fabijanic Charles , Estevadeordal Jordi 
Published: December 2021

An experimental investigation regarding the dynamic stall of various swept wing models with pitching motion was performed to analyze the effect of sweep on the dynamic stall. The experiments were performed on a wing with a NACA0012 airfoil section with an aspect ratio of AR = 4. The experimental study was conducted for chord-based Reynolds number Rec =2×105 and freestream Mach number Ma=0.1. First, a ‘particle image velocimetry’ (PIV) experiment was performed on the wing with three sweep angles, Λ=0o, 15o, and 30o, to obtain the flow structure at several wing spans. The results obtained at a reduced frequency showed that a laminar separation bubble forms at the leading edge of the wing during upward motion. As the upward pitching motion continues, a separation burst occurs and shifts towards the wing trailing edge. As the wing starts to pitch downward, the growing dynamic stall vortex (DSV) vortex sheds from the wing’s trailing edge. With the increasing sweep angle of the wing, the stall angle is delayed during the dynamic motion of the wing, and the presence of DSV shifts toward the wingtip. During the second stage, a ‘turbo pressure-sensitive paint’ (PSP) technique was deployed to obtain the phase average of the surface pressure patterns of the DSV at a reduced frequency, k=0.1. The phase average of pressure shows a distinct pressure map for two sweep angles, Λ=0o, 30o, and demonstrates a similar trend to that presented in the published computational studies and the experimental data obtained from the current PIV campaign.
Producción local de perfiles de aluminio y su impacto en la construcción de viviendas
Authors: Armijos Naula Johanna Michelle , Bosquez López Mariuxi Katherine , Zapata Barros Ángel Enrique 
Published: December 2021

Dentro de los acabados de viviendas, los materiales más empleados son los perfiles de aluminio que en la localidad se dedica a la comercialización de este insumo que en general son importados. Por ello, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto que tendría la sustitución de las importaciones por producción local de perfiles de aluminio en los costos y el desempeño en general de la industria de la construcción en la provincia. Para ello se empleó la metodología de evaluación de impacto de la Unión Europea 2006 compuesta por ocho pasos, además se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo de carácter no experimental, que permitió evaluar el efecto económico de forma objetiva mediante la aplicación de técnicas como encuestas y entrevistas, las mismas que al ser analizadas permitieron sostener la hipótesis siguiente: la producción local de perfiles de aluminio reduce significativamente los costos de construcción de una vivienda.

Palabras clave: Productividad; extrusión; importaciones; inversión; efecto económico.

ABSTRACT

Within the finishes of housing, the most used material are the aluminium profiles themselves that in the locality is dedicated to the commercialization of this input that are usually imported. Therefore, this investigation aims to analyze the impact of replacing imports with local production of aluminium profiles on the costs and overall performance of the construction industry in the province. To this end, the European Union’s eight-step impact assessment methodology was used, and a non-experimental quantitative approach was also used, since it allowed the economic effect to be assessed objectively through the application of techniques such as surveys and interviews themselves that when analyzed made it possible to sustain the hypothesis following: local production of aluminium profiles significantly reduces the costs of building a home.

Keywords: Productivity; extrusion; imports; investment; economic effect.
TRIGONOMETRIC-TYPE IDENTITIES AND THE PARITY OF BALANCING AND LUCAS-BALANCING NUMBERS
Authors: Định Ngô Văn 
Published: December 2021

Các số cân bằng n được định nghĩa như là nghiệm của phương trình Diophantus 1 + 2 + · · · + (n − 1) = (n + 1) + · · · + (n + r), trong đó r được gọi là hệ số cân bằng ứng với số cân bằng n. Tương tự như vậy, n là một số đối cân bằng với hệ số đối cân bằng r nếu 1 + 2 + · · · + n = (n + 1) + · · · + (n + r). Ký hiệu Bn là số cân bằng thứ n và bn là số đối cân bằng thứ n. Khi đó, 8Bn2 + 1 và 8b 2n +8bn +1 là những số chính phương. Số Lucas-cân bằng thứ n, ký hiệu Cn, và số Lucas-đối cân bằng thứ n, ký hiệu cn, lần lượt là các căn bậc hai dương của 8Bn2 + 1 và 8b 2n + 8bn + 1. Trong bài báo này, bằng những tính toán sơ cấp, chúng tôi thiết lập một số đẳng thức kiểu lượng giác và từ đó chỉ ra một số tính chất số học liên quan đến tính chẵn lẻ của các số cân bằng, các số đối cân bằng, các số Lucas-cân bằng và các số Lucas-đối cân bằng.
Arno Babajanian: “Radicalisms” of the 1960s
Authors: Шатрашанова Мария Викторовна 
Published: December 2021

Пришедшие в отечественную музыку в 1960-е годы западные новации были встречены бурной критикой со стороны хранителей «чистоты» советского искусства. Композиторы и их сочинения, созданные с применением новых техник, рассматривались как идеологически опасные. Однако творческие эксперименты некоторых авторов получили официальное одобрение. Среди них был А. Бабаджанян, который в равной степени уловил модные тенденции времени как в сфере академической музыки (додекафония в «Шести картинах»), так и в сфере массовой эстрадной песни (твисты «Королева красоты» и «Лучший город земли»). В статье анализируются его новации в обеих областях.
Western innovations that came to Soviet music in 1960s were met with harsh criticism from the guardians of the “purity” of Soviet art. Composers and their works, which were created using avant-garde techniques, were considered as dangerous for soviet ideoLogy. However, creative experiments of some authors have received approval Among them was A. Babajanian, who picked up the modern tendencies both in the academic music (dodecaphony in “Six Pictures”) and mass pop song (twists “KoroLeva krasoty” and “Luchshiy gorod zemLi”). His innovations in these two areas are anaLyzed in the articLe.
Penyelesaian Urban Transit Routing Problem Menggunakan Algoritma Hyper-heuristics berbasis Modified Particle Swarm Optimization based on Gravitational field Interactions
Authors: Robbani Shof Rijal Ahlan 
Published: December 2021

Kemacetan lalu lintas dapat diatasi dengan adanya public transport. Penerapan public transport yang optimal perlu dilakukan penentuan rute yang baik. Untuk mendapatkan rute public transport yang optimal, maka perlu dilakukan beberapa percobaan kombinasi antara jarak titik awal dan tujuan. Sehingga masalah dapat dikatakan sebagai masalah kombinatorik. VRP merupakan permasalahan kombinatorik. Oleh karena itu permasalahan dapat diselesaikan menggunakan metode metaheuristik.
Penelitian ini akan menggunakan algoritma Modified Particle Swarm Optimization (MPSO-GI) dengan pendekatan Hyper-heuristics untuk menyelesaikan masalah penentuan rute public transport. Data yang digunakan merupakan dataset Mumford dan Mandl yang digunakan pada beberapa penelitian sebelumnya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil solusi yang dihasilkan oleh metode yang ditawarkan dengan hasil pada penelitian sebelumnya. Sehingga dapat diketahui kelebihan dan kekurangan dari metode yang ditawarkan.
Berdasarkan hasil uji coba dapat ketahui bahwa algoritma MPSO-GI dengan pendekatan Hyper-Heuristics dapat diimpelmentasikan dan menyelesaikan masalah UTRP. MPSO-GI dengan pendekatan Hyper-Heuristics berhasil memperbaiki solusi hill-climbing di hamper semua dataset dengan nilai yang stabil. Hasil metode MPSO-GI dengan pendekatan Hyper-Heuristics unggul dalam menghasilkan solusi biaya penumpang pada dataset Mandl4, Mandl6, Mandl7, Mandl8 dan biaya operator pada dataset Mandl4 dan Mandl6 jika dibandingkan dengan metode pada penelitian sebelumnya.
Metode Antrian First In First Out Berbasis Website Pada Sistem Reservasi Gadget
Authors: Nazareta Fhizyel , Fitri Iskandar , Fauziah Fauziah 
Published: December 2021

Sistem reservasi merupakan sistem untuk mengetahui informasi pelayanan jasa tertentu. Sistem reservasi service gadget ini bertujuan untuk memudahkan konsumen dalam melakukan pendaftaran atau reservasi karena dilakukan secara online, sehingga para konsumen tidak perlu menunggu untuk mengikuti antrian yang panjang saat reservasi manual. Oleh karena itu aplikasi ini dibuat dan diperlukan sebagai solusi dari masalah seperti antrian panjang saat reservasi secara komputasi berbasis website. Penerapan metode yang dilakukan dalam pembuatan sistem aplikasi service gadget ini, yaitu metode Antrian First In First Out yang menerapkan Single Channel-Single Phase. Pada aplikasi ini Konsumen melakukan reservasi antrian service pada halaman reservasi order service, setelah data terkirim selanjutnya akan diproses oleh sistem untuk di verifikasi. Setelah itu sistem akan menampilkan halaman bukti reservasi untuk dicetak oleh konsumen sebagai bukti sudah melakukan reservasi. Pengujian yang dilakukan melakukan perbandingan pada web browser seperti Microsoft Edge membutuhkan waktu 53 detik untuk melakukan reservasi dengan menjalankan aplikasi reservasi service gadget, sedangkan pengujian pada Mozilla Firefox 54 detik dan Google Chrome 58 detik. Selain itu dalam penggunaan memori (RAM) Microsoft Edge memakai 168,4KB, sedangkan pengujian pada Mozilla Firefox 212,6KB dan Google Chrome 274,0KB.
Penerapan Metode Moora Dalam Evaluasi Kinerja Penyuluh Pertanian di UPT-BP Karang Dapo
Authors: Hamidani Syafi'ul 
Published: December 2021

Kualitas sebuah dinas/ kantor akan meningkat seiring meningkatnya kinerja karyawan, banyak cara yang dapat dilakukan dinas/ kantor untuk meningkatkan kinerja karyawannya. UPT-BP(Unit Pelaksana teknis- Balai Pertanian ) kecamatan Karang Dapo adalah kantor balai pertanian yang menaungi para penyuluh pertanian di Kecamatan Karang Dapo kabupaten Musi Rawas Utara. Di UPT-BP Karang Dapo dari 9 Penyuluh pertanian telah dilakukan evaluasi kinerja dengan menggunakan 12 kriteria yang berasal dari permentan no 91 tahun 2013. Penilaian kinerja dilakukan ddengan cara menentukan alternatif dan kriteria yang akan digunakan dengan metode MOORA, metode moora dipilih dikarenakan metode ini dapat menyaring alternatif terbaik dikarenakan moora mampu menentukan tujuan berdasarkan kriteria yang bertentangan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa salah satu penyuluh pertanian memiliki nilai palin tinggi dibandingkan dengan yang lain yaitu afriyansyah dengan nilai 13,098
Pengaruh Media Arang Kayu Bakau Mangrove Dan Arang Kayu Asam Pada Proses Perlakuan Carburizing Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Baja Karbon ST-37
Authors: Arifandi Rico , Pohan Gerald Adityo 
Published: December 2021

In the military field, tank is armored fighting vehicles that move using chain-shaped wheels. The tread of the tank chain is a component to tread and move so that it requires tougher properties on the surface and has ductile and tough properties on the inside and is more resistant to wear on the surface. The development of tank chain production materials is necessary for the independence of national defense and security as well as reducing dependence on imports. Imported tank chain hardness value 28 HRC or 286 HV.
In this research, the objective of this research is to increase the surface hardness of the steel by carburizing the initial material, especially the low carbon steel ST-37. The carburizing treatment process is a method of adding carbon content in steel using solid media. The carbon media used were mangrove charcoal and tamarind wood charcoal using calcium carbonate (CaCO3) catalyst at a constant heating temperature of 900ºC, variations in holding time of 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 90 minutes, cooled rapidly with water media. Then performed an analysis of the effect of the type of wood charcoal on the mechanical properties of carbon steel ST-37. The results obtained will be applied to the tank chain tread production process.
The results of the micro structure of martensite and the highest hardness value were found in the holding time of 60 minutes of mangrove charcoal media with the microstructure results of 63.8% martensite, 36.2% bainite and a hardness value of 453.1 HV. The highest toughness value is found in the holding time of 60 minutes of tamarind wood charcoal media with an impact price (HI) of 0.4345 J/mm2. The difference between the impact test results of tamarind charcoal media with mangroves is not too significant. The higher the martensite phase, the higher the hardness value. However, there is also a bainite phase which can increase the toughness of the steel which will be used as a tread chain production material.
Link-Layer Retransmission-based Error-Control Protocols in FSO Communications: A Survey
Authors: Le Hoang 
Published: December 2021

<p> Free space optical (FSO) communication has established a reputation for itself capable of delivering high-speed data services over long distances without exhausting radio frequency (RF) resources.</p>
<p>FSO communication can be considered in different network scenarios, including inter-satellite/deep-space links, ground-station/vehicles, satellite/aerial links, and terrestrial links. It is expected to be one of the key enabling technologies for the next generation of 6G wireless networks. Nevertheless, despite the great potential of FSO communications, its performance suffers from various limitations and challenges: atmospheric turbulence, clouds, weather conditions, and pointing misalignment. The error-control solutions, including physical layer (PHY) and link-layer methods, aim to mitigate the transmission errors caused by such adverse issues. While the existing surveys on error-control solutions in FSO systems primarily focussed on the PHY methods, we instead provide a review of link-layer solutions. In particular, we conduct an extensive literature survey of state-of-the-art retransmission protocols, both automatic repeat request (ARQ) and hybrid ARQ (HARQ), for various FSO communication scenarios, including point-to-point terrestrial, cooperative, multi-hop relaying, hybrid FSO/RF, satellite/aerial, and deep-space systems. Furthermore, we provide a survey of recent literature and insightful discussion on the cross-layer design frameworks related to link-layer retransmission protocols in FSO communication networks. Finally, the lessons learned, design guidelines, related open issues, and future research directions are exposed.</p>
Follow the leader: Child-led inquiries to develop science learning of young children
Authors: Roberts Pauline 
Published: December 2021

Science education in the early years has been found to be lacking when compared to other content areas, specifically numeracy and literacy. It has been suggested that this lack of opportunity for young children to learn science is due to educator’s lack of confidence to teach science, fuelled by concerns regarding a reduced understanding of science concepts. For young children, however, science is everywhere and is embedded in all aspects of their lives as they explore and interact to make sense of the world around them. Given this natural connection to science, it is important for educators to notice and respond to children’s interest to encourage science learning to occur. This paper reports on an exploratory research study in which children took the leading role in inquiry-based interactions during off-site school days that took place within a metropolitan city zoo. Through the collection of observations and interactions with the research, several inquiries were documented. The children challenged the educators within the program to follow up on questions posed by them and engage the children across a broad age range in an inquiry to answer these questions.
PDSTD - The Portsmouth Dynamic Spontaneous Tears Database
Authors: Küster Dennis , Baker Marc , Krumhuber Eva G. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe vast majority of research on human emotional tears has relied on posed and static stimulus materials. In this paper, we introduce the Portsmouth Dynamic Spontaneous Tears Database (PDSTD), a free resource comprising video recordings of 24 female encoders depicting a balanced representation of sadness stimuli with and without tears. Encoders watched a neutral film and a self-selected sad film and reported their emotional experience for 9 emotions. Extending this initial validation, we obtained norming data from an independent sample of naïve observers (N = 91, 45 females) who watched videos of the encoders during three time phases (neutral, pre-sadness, sadness), yielding a total of 72 validated recordings. Observers rated the expressions during each phase on 7 discrete emotions, negative and positive valence, arousal, and genuineness. All data were analyzed by means of general linear mixed modelling (GLMM) to account for sources of random variance. Our results confirm the successful elicitation of sadness, and demonstrate the presence of a tear effect, i.e., a substantial increase in perceived sadness for spontaneous dynamic weeping. To our knowledge, the PDSTD is the first database of spontaneously elicited dynamic tears and sadness that is openly available to researchers. The stimuli can be accessed free of charge via OSF from https://osf.io/uyjeg/?view_only=24474ec8d75949ccb9a8243651db0abf.
Fady Dagher : un homme libre
Authors: Auger Claudine , Girard Martin 
Published: December 2021

Solidement enraciné dans la richesse de ses origines et dans la rigueur des valeurs qu’on lui a transmises, Fady Dagher est entré dans la police avec l’intention sincère d’être utile, un idéal qui l’anime toujours après 30 ans de carrière. Sa réflexion sur la société, sa vision audacieuse du corps policier qu’il veut transformer et sa capacité à voir le meilleur en chacun donnent foi en l’être humain.