bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Narrative exposure therapy for survivors of human trafficking: feasibility randomised controlled trial
Authors: Brady Francesca , Chisholm Amy , Walsh Eileen , Ottisova Livia , Bevilacqua Leonardo , Mason Claire , von Werthern Martha , Cannon Teresa , Curry Christina , Komolafe Kemi , Robert Rachel Elizabeth , Robjant Katy , Katona Cornelius 
Published: October 2021

Background
Human trafficking is a grave human rights violation and a major public health concern. Survivors present with high rates of mental health problems including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Studies of effective treatments for PTSD in survivors of human trafficking are lacking. Narrative exposure therapy (NET) is an effective PTSD treatment for multiple, prolonged and complex trauma, but its efficacy has not been rigorously tested in survivors of human trafficking.

Aims
To test the feasibility and acceptability of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) offering NET as a treatment for PTSD in trafficking survivors with a history of multiple traumatic events, as well as providing preliminary evidence regarding its efficacy (trial registration: ISRCTN95136302).

Method
A single-blind RCT compared NET with a wait-list control in survivors of trafficking with PTSD (n = 25). In the NET arm of the study, participants attended a mean of 17 sessions.

Results
NET was well tolerated by participants. There were significant reductions in PTSD, depression and anxiety symptoms post-treatment in the NET group but no significant change in the wait-list group.

Conclusions
The results indicate that NET is a promising and acceptable treatment for trafficking survivors. Psychological therapy in an RCT design can be safely delivered to this vulnerable group, although modifications are required to ensure their holistic needs are properly addressed.
Minimal Residual Disease Dynamics after Venetoclax-Obinutuzumab Treatment: Extended Off-Treatment Follow-up From the Randomized CLL14 Study
Authors: Al-Sawaf Othman , Zhang Can , Lu Tong , Liao Michael Z. , Panchal Anesh , Robrecht Sandra , Ching Travers , Tandon Maneesh , Fink Anna-Maria , Tausch Eugen , Schneider Christof , Ritgen Matthias , Böttcher Sebastian , Kreuzer Karl-Anton , Chyla Brenda , Miles Dale , Wendtner Clemens-Martin , Eichhorst Barbara , Stilgenbauer Stephan , Jiang Yanwen , Hallek Michael , Fischer Kirsten 
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE The CLL14 study has established one-year fixed-duration treatment of venetoclax and obinutuzumab (Ven-Obi) for patients with previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia. With all patients off treatment for at least three years, we report a detailed analysis of minimal residual disease (MRD) kinetics and long-term outcome of patients treated in the CLL14 study. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were randomly assigned to receive six cycles of obinutuzumab with 12 cycles of venetoclax or 12 cycles of chlorambucil (Clb-Obi). Progression-free survival (PFS) was the primary end point. Key secondary end points included rates of undetectable MRD and overall survival. To analyze MRD kinetics, a population-based growth model with nonlinear mixed effects approach was developed. RESULTS Of 432 patients, 216 were assigned to Ven-Obi and 216 to Clb-Obi. Three months after treatment completion, 40% of patients in the Ven-Obi arm (7% in the Clb-Obi arm) had undetectable MRD levels < 10−6 by next-generation sequencing in peripheral blood. Median MRD doubling time was longer after Ven-Obi than Clb-Obi therapy (median 80 v 69 days). At a median follow-up of 52.4 months, a sustained significant PFS improvement was observed in the Ven-Obi arm compared with Clb-Obi (median not reached v 36.4 months; hazard ratio 0.33; 95% CI, 0.25 to 0.45; P < .0001). The estimated 4-year PFS rate was 74.0% in the Ven-Obi and 35.4% in the Clb-Obi arm. No difference in overall survival was observed (hazard ratio 0.85; 95% CI, 0.54 to 1.35; P = .49). No new safety signals occurred. CONCLUSION Appearance of MRD after Ven-Obi is significantly slower than that after Clb-Obi with more effective MRD reduction. These findings translate into a superior long-term efficacy with the majority of Ven-Obi–treated patients remaining in remission.
Prostate Cancer Disparities in Risk Group at Presentation and Access to Treatment for Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders: A Study With Disaggregated Ethnic Groups
Authors: Jain Bhav , Ng Kenrick , Santos Patricia Mae G. , Taparra Kekoa , Muralidhar Vinayak , Mahal Brandon A. , Vapiwala Neha , Trinh Quoc-Dien , Nguyen Paul L. , Dee Edward Christopher 
Published: October 2021

PURPOSE: We identified (1) differences in localized prostate cancer (PCa) risk group at presentation and (2) disparities in access to initial treatment for Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) men with PCa after controlling for sociodemographic factors. METHODS: We assessed all patients in the National Cancer Database with localized PCa with low-, intermediate-, and high-risk disease who identified as Thai, White, Asian Indian, Chinese, Vietnamese, Korean, Japanese, Filipino, Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, Laotian, Pakistani, Kampuchean, and Hmong. Multivariable logistic regression defined adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% CI of (1) presenting at progressively higher risk group and (2) receiving treatment or active surveillance with intermediate- or high-risk disease, adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical factors. RESULTS: Among 980,889 men (median age 66 years), all AANHPI subgroups with the exception of Thai (AOR = 0.84 [95% CI, 0.58 to 1.21], P > .05), Asian Indian (AOR = 1.12 [95% CI, 1.00 to 1.25], P > .05), and Pakistani (AOR = 1.34 [95% CI, 0.98 to 1.83], P > .05) men had greater odds of presenting at a progressively higher PCa risk group compared with White patients (Chinese AOR = 1.18 [95% CI, 1.11 to 1.25], P < .001; Japanese AOR = 1.36 [95% CI, 1.26 to 1.47], P < .001; Filipino AOR = 1.37 [95% CI, 1.29 to 1.46], P < .001; Korean AOR = 1.32 [95% CI, 1.18 to 1.48], P < .001; Vietnamese AOR = 1.20 [95% CI, 1.07 to 1.35], P = .002; Laotian AOR = 1.60 [95% CI, 1.08 to 2.36], P = .018; Hmong AOR = 4.07 [95% CI, 1.54 to 10.81], P = .005; Kampuchean AOR = 1.55 [95% CI, 1.03 to 2.34], P = .036; Asian Indian or Pakistani AOR = 1.15 [95% CI, 1.07 to 1.24], P < .001; Native Hawaiians AOR = 1.58 [95% CI, 1.38 to 1.80], P < .001; and Pacific Islanders AOR = 1.58 [95% CI, 1.37 to 1.82], P < .001). Additionally, Japanese Americans (AOR = 1.46 [95% CI, 1.09 to 1.97], P = .013) were more likely to receive treatment compared with White patients. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that there are differences in PCa risk group at presentation by race or ethnicity among Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander subgroups and that there exist disparities in treatment patterns. Although AANHPI are often studied as a homogenous group, heterogeneity upon subgroup disaggregation underscores the importance of further study to assess and address barriers to PCa care.
Long Live the Mass Line! Errant Cadres and Post-Disillusionment PRC History
Authors: Smith Aminda 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe first rule of PRC history might be “Never take the Chinese Communists at their word.” Early observers praised the CCP, but by the 1990s there was broad disillusionment among China scholars who increasingly believed that observable realities contradicted official claims. In the post-disillusionment era, that realization became a methodology; generations of students were trained to look for sources that exposed the truths the Party ostensibly sought to hide. For archival historians this method has produced strange results, because many of the sources used to tell the untold stories of Chinese Communism are the Party's own documents. Even as historians read the state's internal records critically, there is still a tendency to be noticeably uncritical when those documents contain information that seems to vitiate official propaganda. This article explores the unreliable analyses that result when scholars attempt to turn state sources against the state. It further argues that much of the “damning” evidence against the Party actually appeared in official, published sources—but because archival historians often dismiss propaganda as fiction, the scholarship has not traced state claims closely enough to recognize and identify them in classified sources.
Microtubule-dependent subcellular organisation of pluripotent cells
Authors: Hawdon Azelle , Aberkane Asma , Zenker Jennifer 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
With the advancement of cutting-edge live imaging technologies, microtubule remodelling has evolved as an integral regulator for the establishment of distinct differentiated cells. However, despite their fundamental role in cell structure and function, microtubules have received less attention when unravelling the regulatory circuitry of pluripotency. Here, we summarise the role of microtubule organisation and microtubule-dependent events required for the formation of pluripotent cells in vivo by deciphering the process of early embryogenesis: from fertilisation to blastocyst. Furthermore, we highlight current advances in elucidating the significance of specific microtubule arrays in in vitro culture systems of pluripotent stem cells and how the microtubule cytoskeleton serves as a highway for the precise intracellular movement of organelles. This Review provides an informed understanding of the intrinsic role of subcellular architecture of pluripotent cells and accentuates their regenerative potential in combination with innovative light-inducible microtubule techniques.
Talin in mechanotransduction and mechanomemory at a glance
Authors: Goult Benjamin T. , Brown Nicholas H. , Schwartz Martin A. 
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT
Talins are cytoskeletal linker proteins that consist of an N-terminal head domain, a flexible neck region and a C-terminal rod domain made of 13 helical bundles. The head domain binds integrin β-subunit cytoplasmic tails, which triggers integrin conformational activation to increase affinity for extracellular matrix proteins. The rod domain links to actin filaments inside the cell to transmit mechanical loads and serves as a mechanosensitive signalling hub for the recruitment of many other proteins. The α-helical bundles function as force-dependent switches – proteins that interact with folded bundles are displaced when force induces unfolding, exposing previously cryptic binding sites for other ligands. This leads to the notion of a talin code. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we propose that the multiple switches within the talin rod function to process and store time- and force-dependent mechanical and chemical information.
Proactive measures to eradicate Malaysia’s poverty in IR4.0 era: a shared prosperity vision
Authors: Darmalinggam Darshana , Kaliannan Maniam , Dorasamy Magiswary 
Published: October 2021

Background: In the country’s shared prosperity vision, Malaysia aspires to uplift the bottom 40% household income group (B40) by addressing wealth and income disparities. By 2030, the nation seeks to eradicate poverty through the provision of employment opportunities and career progression plans. A grey area between the nation’s aspirations and actions in practice can be observed because the goals have not been achieved despite numerous efforts aimed at the upliftment of the B40 group. The nation is still way behind its targeted outcomes despite various policies being implemented, which could be attributed to the mismatch between government policies and that of organisational practice. Thus, this study explores the rationale of strategic government intervention in managing B40 talent in the IR4.0 era. Methods: A general qualitative inquiry method that used 11 semi-structured interviews was carried out with representatives of Malaysia’s policy makers’, training providers, and trainees. All Interview questions centred around measures, importance and outcomes of B40 youth training from a multi-stakeholder perspective. Data were thematically analysed in five stages using NVivo. Results: Training, which includes IR4.0 era digital skills, is the key to uplifting the B40 youth to eradicate poverty. Proactive measures are imperative in the success of B40 youth training towards poverty eradication. Conclusions: This study contributes to the existing literature and helps practitioners by addressing the current gap in Malaysia’s aspirations versus organisational practice. Stakeholders should formulate proactive strategies to ensure that the right trainees are matched with the right training providers and government policies. A linkage between government policies and industry requirements needs to be established as opposed to the present discontinuity. A structured training needs analysis should be applied through a collaboration between industries and governments. Then, B40 individuals commonly found in lower-level positions can be pooled into the career pathway towards a shift into M40.
P2P Lending platforms in Malaysia: the awareness among young adults
Authors: Nguyen Lan Thi Phuong , Muthaiyah Saravanan , Sy Malick Ousmane 
Published: October 2021

Background - Since 2016, the Securities Commission (SC) in Malaysia has given licenses to only eleven P2P lending platforms. Such lending platforms are expected to disrupt the lending services of traditional lenders in the coming years. However, being still in their infant stages, it is essential to know the extent to which such platforms are made known to potential investors out there. This study examines the extent to which young adults are aware of Malaysia's eleven P2P lending platforms. Methods - A sample of 65 undergraduate students majoring in finance and accounting was used for this pilot study. An online questionnaire was designed with three main parts: demographic, financial literacy, and P2P lending awareness. Results - Findings show that more than half of respondents in the sample are not aware of P2P lending platforms in Malaysia. Most of the respondents are financially literate to certain degrees. Those aware of their presence underestimated the potentially high level of their default rates and misunderstood that investor would be fully protected by such platforms when a loan default. Conclusions -The study's findings have shed light on the current awareness of P2P lending platforms among Malaysian young adults, potential investors of such platforms in the coming years.
Short-term metabolic resistance inductive effect of different agrochemical groups on Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes
Authors: Sadia Christabelle G. , Kouadio France-Paraudie A. , Fodjo Behi K. , Oyou Sebastien K. , Beatrice Adepo-Gourene A. , Koudou Benjamin G. , Mouhamadou Chouaïbou S. 
Published: October 2021

Background: In order to assess the impact of the different groups of agricultural pesticides used in Côte d'Ivoire on the increase of mosquitoes resistance to insecticides, the expression profiles of 7 P450 cytochromes and one GSTE2 of Anopheles gambiae involved in mosquito resistance to insecticides were studied. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of short exposure of mosquito larvae to different groups of agricultural pesticides on mosquito resistance. Methods: Three groups of pesticides were selected: (i) agricultural insecticide solutions, (ii) non-insecticide pesticide solutions (a mixture of herbicides and fungicides), and (iii) a mixture of the first two. A fourth non-pesticide solution was used as a control. Four groups of each stage 2 larvae (strain Kisumu, male and female) were exposed to 20% concentrated solution for 24 hours. Susceptibility tests for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and Deltamethrin were carried out on adults aged 2-5 days. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to quantify the expression of eight metabolic genes involved in mosquito resistance to insecticides. Results: Susceptibility to DDT showed a similar increase in the time required to knock down 50% of mosquitoes (kdt50) in l colonies exposed to insecticides and non-insecticides compared to the control colony. As for deltamethrin, kdt50 was higher in the colonies exposed to insecticides and the pesticide mixture compared to the colony exposed to non-insecticides. Of all the genes studied in all colonies, except for CYP6P1 induced only in the colony consisting of the pesticide mixture, no genes were induced. Conclusions: This study confirmed that induction is influenced by the duration, the concentration of the solution and the type of xenobiotic used as an inducer. The overexpression of CYP6P1 confirmed the inductive effect that a short exposure of mosquito larvae to agricultural pesticides could have.
Recourse in Kidney Exchange Programs
Authors: Smeulders Bart , Bartier Valentin , Crama Yves , Spieksma Frits C. R. 
Published: October 2021

We introduce the problem of selecting patient-donor pairs in a kidney exchange program to undergo a crossmatch test, and we model this selection problem as a two-stage stochastic integer programming problem. The optimal solutions of this new formulation yield a larger expected number of realized transplants than previous approaches based on internal recourse or subset recourse. We settle the computational complexity of the selection problem by showing that it remains NP-hard even for maximum cycle length equal to two. Furthermore, we investigate to what extent different algorithmic approaches, including one based on Benders decomposition, are able to solve instances of the model. We empirically investigate the computational efficiency of this approach by solving randomly generated instances and study the corresponding running times as a function of maximum cycle length, and of the presence of nondirected donors. Summary of Contribution: This paper deals with an important and very complex issue linked to the optimization of transplant matchings in kidney exchange programs, namely, the inherent uncertainty in the assessment of compatibility between donors and recipients of transplants. Although this issue has previously received some attention in the optimization literature, most attempts to date have focused on applying recourse to solutions selected within restricted spaces. The present paper explicitly formulates the maximization of the expected number of transplants as a two-stage stochastic integer programming problem. The formulation turns out to be computationally difficulty, both from a theoretical and from a numerical perspective. Different algorithmic approaches are proposed and tested experimentally for its solution. The quality of the kidney exchanges produced by these algorithms compares favorably with that of earlier models.
BiGRU-Attention Based Cow Behavior Classification Using Video Data for Precision Livestock Farming
Authors: Guo Yangyang , Qiao Yongliang , Sukkarieh Salah , Chai Lilong , He Dongjian 
Published: October 2021

HighlightsBiGRU-attention based cow behavior classification was proposed.Key spatial-temporal features were captured for behavior representation.BiGRU-attention achieved &gt;82% classification accuracy on calf and adult cow datasets.The proposed method could be used for similar animal behavior classification.Abstract. Animal behavior consists of time series activities, which can reflect animals’ health and welfare status. Monitoring and classifying animal behavior facilitates management decisions to optimize animal performance, welfare, and environmental outcomes. In recent years, deep learning methods have been applied to monitor animal behavior worldwide. To achieve high behavior classification accuracy, a BiGRU-attention based method is proposed in this article to classify some common behaviors, such as exploring, feeding, grooming, standing, and walking. In our work, (1) Inception-V3 was first applied to extract convolutional neural network (CNN) features for each image frame in videos, (2) bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) was used to further extract spatial-temporal features, (3) an attention mechanism was deployed to allocate weights to each of the extracted spatial-temporal features according to feature similarity, and (4) the weighted spatial-temporal features were fed to a Softmax layer for behavior classification. Experiments were conducted on two datasets (i.e., calf and adult cow), and the proposed method achieved 82.35% and 82.26% classification accuracy on the calf and adult cow datasets, respectively. In addition, in comparison with other methods, the proposed BiGRU-attention method outperformed long short-term memory (LSTM), bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM), and BiGRU. Overall, the proposed BiGRU-attention method can capture key spatial-temporal features to significantly improve animal behavior classification, which is favorable for automatic behavior classification in precision livestock farming. Keywords: BiGRU, Cow behavior, Deep learning, LSTM, Precision livestock farming.
Wavelength-tunable deep-ultraviolet thin-film filter: design and experimental demonstration
Authors: Zhu Xingyue , Yu Kaixiong , Zhu Xiaofan , Wu Chi 
Published: October 2021

A deep-ultraviolet (DUV) narrowband tunable filter with a central wavelength of 225.0 nm is designed, fabricated, and demonstrated experimentally. The simulation results showed a transmittance of about 42.1% at 225.0 nm and a full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of

∼

1.2

n
m

. The experimental results for normal incidence light revealed a corresponding central wavelength of 225.0 nm, a transmittance of 27.7%, and a FWHM of 1.9 nm. By changing the incident angle, the central wavelength can be tuned from 225.0 to 224.5 nm. This DUV narrowband tunable filter has been shown to demonstrate good performance and has broad applicability.
Multiplexing temperature-compensated open-cavity Fabry–Perot sensors at a fiber tip
Authors: Pfalzgraf Ivonne , Suntsov Sergiy , Kip Detlef 
Published: October 2021

We investigate multiplexing of four highly sensitive Fabry–Perot (FP) microresonators at the tip of a single-mode optical fiber for refractive index (RI) measurements with simultaneous temperature compensation. The individual sensing elements for RI or temperature consist of either open-cavity FP resonators or solid fiber core regions fabricated by diamond-blade dicing of single-mode optical fibers, respectively. The reflectivity of the open resonators is further enhanced by matched dielectric coatings. At the same time, the solid core resonators formed by the fiber pieces between the open cavities are used as thermometers. This allows immediate compensation for temperature cross-sensitivity during RI measurements. The general performance of the sensor is demonstrated by measuring the RI of sucrose solutions, where we use phase tracking of the characteristic Fourier transform components of the backreflected optical spectrum for evaluation. The temperature sensitivity is on average

20

±

/

∘

C

with an accuracy of 0.01°C, fully sufficient for biomedical applications. Meanwhile, the four RI sensing (open) cavities show high sensitivity of approximately 1160 nm/RIU. Due to the compact size of the sensor, small spatial inhomogeneities of RI can be accurately detected. If the cavities are additionally filled with molecularly imprinted polymers or coated with thin functional layers, they could also be used for the detection of trace substances in biomedical laboratory-on-a-fiber applications.