bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wrist Arthrodesis: An Alternative Technique
Authors: Shayfer Shawn S , Toledano Baruch , Ruby Leonard K 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
An alternative form of fixation was used for arthrodesis of 10 wrists in 10 nonrheumatoid patients. Fusion took place in all patients at an average of 7 weeks. There were 5 complications in 10 wrists after an average follow-up of 4 years. All patients had pain relief after the procedure, and 9 patients were able to return to their previous occupation.
Computed Tomographic Evaluation of the Internal Structure of the Lateral Mass of the Lower Cervical Spine
Authors: Ebraheim Nabil A , Xu Rongming , Reader Doug , Stanescu Stephan , Yeasting Richard A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Axial computed tomography scans with a slice thickness of 2 mm taken from 12 cervical spines were used to study the internal structure of the lateral mass. Images representing the middle of zone I (Heller's classification) and the top of zone III were analyzed. The measurement of zone I involved anterior cortex thickness (ACT) while measurements of zone III included ACT, lateral cortex thickness (LCT), posterior cortex thickness (PCT), lateral mass thickness (LMT), and lateral mass width (LM W). The percentage of the ACT and PCT with respect to the LMT (ACT/LMT and PCT/LMT) were calculated.
Results showed the average ACT in zone I ranged from 1 .6 to 1 .8 mm. In zone III, the average LMT and LMW ranged from 8 to 9 mm and 1 3 to 1 5 mm, respectively. The smallest LMT was found at C7. The average ACT and PCT for all levels ranged from 1 .8 to 2 mm. The ACT with respect to the LMT (ACT/LMT) was approximately 1 7% to 1 9% for C3 to C5 and C7, and 1 5% for C6 separately. The PCT with respect to the LMT (PCT/LMT) was approximately 16% to 18% for C3 to C6, and 20% for C7. These results show the ventral cortex of the lateral mass is relatively thicker and support the concept of bicortical screw purchase.
A Comparison of the Cost Effectiveness of One-Stage Versus Two-Stage Bilateral Total Hip Replacement
Authors: Lorenze Mark , Huo Michael H , Zatorski Laurine E , Keggi Kristaps J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Forty patients underwent 80 bilateral primary total hip replacements (THRs) under the same anesthesia (onestage). Forty other patients who underwent unilateral primary THRs during the same time interval were selected to match the first 40 patients with regard to age, sex, diagnosis, weight medical comorbidity, type of prosthesis used, and perioperative management protocol. An assumption was made in that each unilateral case represented the first side of bilateral THRs performed during two separate hospitalizations (two-stage).
Analysis of the total hospital charges submitted to the insurance companies was made between the groups. On average, there was a 24% reduction (P<.05) for each case if bilateral THRs were done in one stage. This was primarily due to a significant decrease (P<.05) in the length of hospital stay in the one-stage group. There was no difference between the two groups in the operative time, estimated blood loss, or perioperative complications.
Progressive Opening-Wedge Osteotomy for Severe Tibia Vara in Adults
Authors: de Pablos Julio , Herranz Pedro González , Barrios Carlos 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Five patients with tibia vara were treated with progressive opening-wedge osteotomy. The maximum varus deviation of the mechanical axis of the tibia varied from 20° to 12°. The minimum postoperative follow-up was 26 months. Complete correction of the deformity was achieved without any major complications.
Progressive opening-wedge osteotomy offers several advantages over conventional osteotomy in adults. First, fibular osteotomy is unnecessary. Second, knee mobility is only slightly restricted immediately following surgery. Third, it is possible to adjust correction postoperatively, and finally, progressive opening-wedge osteotomy does not induce shortening of the lower limb. The most significant disadvantage is the need for prolonged external fixation. This technique should be reserved for patients with severe deformities (minimum of 15° varus) and mild or moderate osteoarthrosis.
Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Weber Martin , Cabanela Miguel E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The records of 16 patients (16 hips) with cerebral palsy who underwent total hip arthroplasty were reviewed. There were no dislocations, and other complications were rare. Pain relief was good to excellent in 87%. Function, as assessed by ambulatory status, was improved in 79%. Reasonable longevity of the implants can be expected even in patients <50 years. Total hip arthroplasty is a valuable option for the cerebral palsy patient with incapacitating hip pain.
Skin Blood Flow Level and Stump Healing in Ischemic Amputations
Authors: Avci Sinan , Musdal Yaser 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Skin blood flow was measured with xenon 1 33-htstamine mixture in 20 lower extremities of 18 patients before performing amputations. The amputation levels were chosen according to clinical criteria; 13 belowknee, 3 distal femoral, 1 midfemoral, 2 transmetatarsal, and 1 Syme's amputations were performed. Fourteen stumps had normal healing, 2 had delayed healing, and 3 had necrosis. All of the stumps with normal healing had a skin blood flow >1.76mL/100 g tissue/minute. Bleeding from the skin also was a good predictor of healing. Skin blood flow measurement may be helpful for level selection in ischemic amputations.
A Descriptive System for Lower Extremity Evaluation in Children: Data for the Newborn Infant
Authors: Brown George A , Swenson Darren R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
An efficient and practical system for examination of thé lower extremities in newborn infants and children is presented. Measurements of hip rotation and abduction are performed in a supine position. During examination, the foot is held in passive correction or induced weight-bearing position to compare the tibia, forefoot, and hindfoot alignment.
Thirty-six newborn infants were examined randomly to establish standard measurements for newborns. The only statistically significant difference between male and female infants occurred in hip abduction and internal and external rotation of the hips during extension. This method of examination of the lower extremity in newbom infants is useful for routine evaluation in all children.
The Use of Elastic Nails for Intramedullary Fixation of Humeral Fractures and Nonunions
Authors: Marchetti P G , Vicenzi G , Impallomeni C , Landi S , Surdo V 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
From May 1993 to January 1997, a total of 130 humeral fractures and nonunions were treated using an "elastic" unreamed nail. The elastic nail consists of a cylindrical proximal component tapered for the application of the impactor-extractor, distally containing the proximal ends of four or five secondary nails preloaded to diverge and held together by a retaining system. The surgical approach is through the olecranic fossa apex. Once introduced, the proximal end of the nail locks automatically by diverging the secondary nails in the proximal humeral epiphysis. Distally, the elastic nail is locked with a crossbolt. The elastic nail enables stable fixation of fractures or nonunions and allows early rehabilitation.
Prevalence, Clinical Features, and Risk Factors of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head Among Adults With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Mukisi-Mukaza M , Elbaz A , Samuel-Leborgne Y , Kélard L , Le Turdu-Chicot C , Christophe-Duchange E , Mérault G 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This prospective study examined the prevalence, clinical features, and risk factors of osteonecrosis of the femoral head among adult sickle cell disease patients in Guadeloupe. Screening of osteonecrosis of the femoral head was performed using radiography, bone scintigraphy, and tomodensitometry. One hundred thirteen adults with sickle cell disease (67 SS and 46 SC patients) comprised the study population. Forty-two (37.2%) patients had osteonecrosis of one or both hips (67 [29.6%] hips) without association to a particular genotype, although bilateral involvement was more frequent among SS patients. While the prevalence of femoral head osteonecrosis increased with age, patients of all ages were affected, particularly young SC adults. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head was diagnosed at preradiographic stages (stage I) in 30% of hips and was frequently asymptomatic (60% of all cases; 95% and 90% of stages I and II, respectively). Osteonecrosis of the femoral head was significantly associated with a history of leg ulcer and osteonecrosis of the humeral head. SS patients with higher hemoglobin levels had an increased risk of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
Clinical and Pathologic Characteristics of Lumbar Disk Herniation in the Elderly
Authors: Akagi Shigeo , Saito Takanori , Kato Ishashi , Sasai Kunihiko , Ogawa Ryokei 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The clinical and pathologic characteristics of lumbar disk herniation in 23 elderly patients (15 men and 8 women) who required surgical treatment were investigated. Average age at surgery was 67.3 years, and average follow-up was 23 months. Preoperatively, the predominant symptom was severe unilateral leg pain, and 1 3 patients were nonambulatory because of leg pain.
Operative treatment included wide laminectomy in 8, hemilaminectomy in 3, fenestration in 10, and osteoplastic laminectomy in 2 patients. Four (1 7%) patients had disk herniation at the L2-L3 or L3-L4 level. Sequestered herniation with or without migration was observed in 15 (65%) patients. Of 14 sequestered disk fragments examined histologically, 8 (57%) specimens contained cartilaginous or bony end plate with anulus fibrosus or nucleus pulposus. Postoperatively, results were rated as excellent in 1 1 patients and good in 1 2; no patient was rated as fair or poor.
Severe leg pain affecting activities of daily life is a predominant symptom of disk herniation in the elderly. For patients in whom conservative treatment has failed, operative treatment should be considered. In lumbar disk herniation in the elderly, the incidence of cephalad and lateral herniation is higher than in younger patients. In addition, sequestered and migrated herniations including end plate are frequent.
Bankart Operation for Recurrent Anterior Dislocation of the Shoulder Using Suture Anchor
Authors: Bhagia S M , Ali M S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Between June 1989 and December 1994, a total of 19 patients (20 shoulders) underwent open repair of Bankart lesions using suture anchors. Subscapularis muscle and anterior capsule were cut as one layer and sutured end to end without overlap. Coracoid osteotomy was not necessary. Average follow-up was 53.6 months (range: 24-90 months). Clinical evaluation using the Rowe functional grading system showed 15 shoulders had excellent results, 3 shoulders had good results, and 1 patient was lost to follow-up. There were no complications and no failures with recurrence of dislocation.
The Effect of Intramedullary Bone Plug on Femoral Stem Migration of Hydroxyapatite-Coated Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Kligman M , Roffman M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study investigated the effect of intramedullary corticocancellous bone plug on the fixation and stability of hydroxyapatite-coated femoral stems in total hip arthroplasty (THA). Intramedullary corticocancellous bone plug was used in 30 patients with hydroxyapatite-coated femoral stems (group A) and a consecutive series of 30 patients with hypdroxyapatite-coated stems without bone plug served as the control group (group B). Patients underwent clinical and radiographic follow-up for at least 2 years.
The addition of corticocancellous bone plug to the hydroxyapatite-coated stem significantly improved clinical and radiographic results. The mean Harris Hip Score at 3 and 6 months postoperatively was 92 and 94 in group A, and 84 and 87 points in group B (P<.004 and P<.001, respectively). There was no significant difference between groups at 1 year postoperatively and thereafter. The predominant cause for the difference was the thigh pain score, which was reduced at both 3 and 6 months in group A compared to group B (P<.01 and P<.05, respectively). There also were statistical differences between the two groups regarding radiographic signs. The evidence of endosteal bone formation in group A patients was superior at 3 and 6 months (P<.001 and P<.01, respectively). The appearance of a radiolucent line was significant in group B patients at 3 and 6 months (P<.001). Femoral stem migration of 3 mm was noted in three group B patients versus no group A patients (P<.05). These shortterm clinical and radiographic results suggest corticocancellous bone plug can provide early pain relief and durable implant fixation, but long-term follow-up should be considered.
Influence of Orthotopic Placement on the Incorporation and Mechanical Strength of a Loaded Structural Cortical Graft: An Experimental Study in Rabbits
Authors: Karachalios Theofilos , Scambardonis Dimitrios , Khaldi Lubna , Raptou Panagiota , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J , Nikiforidis Panayiotis J , Lyritis George 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The biological and mechanical behavior of loaded cortical autografts were evaluated in an experimental study using 40 adult male New Zealand rabbits divided into 4 groups. A double osteotomy was performed on all animals at the mid-diaphysis of the right ulna. The bone segment (5 mm) in between the osteotomies was considered a cortical autograft and fixed with an intramedullary Kirschner wire. The graft was fixed in an orthotopic manner in groups A and C, and rotated 1 80° in groups B and D. After the animals were sacrificed (at 2 months for groups A and B and at 4 months for groups C and D), bone mineral density, graft cross-sectional geometry, and SSI index were assessed.
Mechanical testing of the grafted area was carried out using a three-point bending configuration, and the parameter fracture load was assessed. Graft union and incorporation also was studied in histologic sections. In group C (orthotopic graft placement - 4 months), bone specimens showed statistically significantly higher values for fracture load, total cross-sectional area, volumetric total bone mass and density, and polar SSI (P values «.05) compared to the other groups. In the same group, union and incorporation of the graft was complete, the cortex showed low porosity, and the collagen fibers were mature and properly oriented. Structural cortical bone autografts placed in an orthotopic manner recognize the new mechanical environment as optimal and thus their biological and mechanical behavior are enhanced. Loaded structural cortical grafts should be placed in an orthotopic manner when used for the management of cortical bone defects.
Ganglions of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint
Authors: Busch Christopher C , Cable Brian M , Dabezies Eugene J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Ganglions of the proximal interphalangeal joint are uncommon. Six patients (nine ganglions) were treated surgically. The lesions presented on the ulnar aspect of the extensor mechanism between the lateral band and the central slip and communicated with the joint by means of a stalk. Mild degenerative joint disease was noted in each case. Surgical excision provided relief of symptoms, and no patient has experienced any recurrence to date.
Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Interval Capsular Closure
Authors: Van der Reis William , Wolf Eugene M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Closure of the rotator cuff interval is an important component of open stabilization techniques in shoulder surgery. This study describes a technique in which the deep layer of the capsule within the rotator cuff interval is closed arthroscopically. The effect of closure of this capsule within the rotator cuff interval on glenohumeral motion also is quantified.
Sutures were placed from the superior glenohumeral ligament to the middle glenohumeral ligament and tied intra-articularly in fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders. Closure of the interval capsule resulted in statistically significant limitation of humeral elevation, external rotation, and extension. Arthroscopic closure of the deep layer of the rotator cuff interval capsule produced a visible superior shifting of the middle and inferior glenohumeral ligaments and imbricated the anterosuperior capsule of the shoulder. In addition, this procedure can be performed in conjunction with arthroscopic capsulolabral reconstruction.
Evaluation of Lumbar Spine Bone Mineral Density in the Anteroposterior and Lateral Projections by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry
Authors: Sapkas George S , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J , Stathakopoulos Dimitrios P , Papadakis Stamatios A , Kiratzoulis John M , Stilianessi Eugenia 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is an established method for estimating bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine. In a prospective study, the sensitivity of BMD measurements between anteroposterior and lateral projections were evaluated in 204 postmenopausal women based on their DXA analysis. Patients were divided into two groups according to the absence or presence of lumbar scoliosis. Lateral projection DXA measurements were more sensitive than AP projection measurements for early detection of bone loss in postmenopausal women. Lateral projection DXA analysis is not recommended in spines with lumbar scoliosis.
Mid-Term Results in Total Hip Arthroplasty With the Basic Noncemented Hip Prosthesis
Authors: Mella-Sousa Mario , Aguilar-Cortés Francisco , Bocanegra Enrique , Domecq Gabriel , Moleon Miguel 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The Basic (IQL-Biomet, Valencia, Spain) hip prosthesis was used in 430 implant procedures, of which 41 7 had mean follow-up of 6 years. Radiographic follow-up was performed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, and annually thereafter. The average Harris hip score improved from 35.7 preoperatively to 90.9 postoperatively. Clinical results after 2 years of follow-up showed 6% thigh pain, which decreased to 2% at 6 years. Radiographic evaluation demonstrated 22 cases of calcar resorption, 1 4% of which had distal pedestal formation. Heterotopic ossification was noted radiographicaily in 36%. These mid-term results obtained with the Basic prosthesis are similar to the findings of other series and warrant its use.
The Role of the Nursing School in the Academic Health Center: Report of a Study
Authors: Morris Alvin L , Hastings Douglas A , Crispell Kenneth R 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper highlights for the nursing education community selected data from a recently completed study of the organization and governance of academic health centers, conducted under the auspices of the Association of Academic Health Centers and funded by the W.K. Kellogg Foundation. It is hoped that the limited information presented here will stimulate interest in the larger study.
Presented and discussed are data derived from three different questionnaires used in the study. Top administrators in academic health centers were surveyed in order to produce information on the structural components and hierarchical relationships in contemporary academic health centers, the processes by which decisions are made and conflicts are resolved, and the conditions which administrators envision for their institutions in the future. Deans of nursing schools were part of the survey group, and their responses are examined along with those of deans of other health professional schools.
Deans in Nursing: How Do They See Their Future?
Authors: Hall Beverly A , de Tornyay Rheba , Mitsunaga Betty K 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
One hundred thirty-one deans of autonomous schools of nursing were surveyed in regard to their future career plans. Only one quarter of the sample planned to stay in the deanship until retirement, but they indicated a high degree of satisfaction with their current career choice. The greatest impetus for leaving their position is dissatisfaction with the current position. Extrinsic rewards, such as salary, are not inducements for lateral mobility. Better opportunities for women in academia have created some ambiguity and confusion in regard to the career path beyond the deanship.
Using Structured Controversy to Promote Ethical Decision Making
Authors: Pederson Carol , Duckett Laura , Maruyama Geoffrey 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This article describes the use of structured controversy as an educational strategy for helping students learn content and skills needed for dealing with difficult ethical situations that arise during the practice of nursing. Structured controversy, an innovative technique that encourages learners to deal with conflict constructively, is described, and research validating its benefits is reviewed. A comprehensive description of how structured controversy was operationalized, using the issue of whether or not to give nutrition and hydration to a dying patient, is included to provide other nursing educators with an illustration of how this strategy can be applied.
Diffusion of Associate Degree Nursing Programs Among U.S. Community Colleges
Authors: Geis Mary J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Examinations of the adoption and diffusion processes relative to innovations have focused on a variety of factors including the characteristics of the environment, the adoptive unit, and the innovation itself. This study explored the relationship between environmental factors, organizational characteristics, and the spread of 2-year associate degree nursing (ADN) programs among community colleges in the U.S. Data were secured from census materials, educational directories, community college catalogs, various other documents, and interviews with community college representatives.
Results indicated that such factors as general population heterogeneity, change and wealth, and various measures of the need for nurses and nursing education were not useful predictors of the prevalence of ADN programs among the population of community colleges in a state. Two-year colleges that operated ADN programs were larger, wealthier, offered more occupational programs, and were more likely to be publicly controlled than were community colleges that had not adopted the ADN program feature.
Analysis of case materials suggested that at the community level, hospitals and hospital-sponsored nursing schools were important factors in the community college's decision to adopt or reject the ADN program feature.
Nursing Education Application of a Computerized Nursing Expert System
Authors: Lappe Joan M , Dixon Bette , Lazure Linda , Nilsson Patricia , Thielen Jackie , Norris Joan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Nurse educators are required to be knowledgeable about a wide variety of complex health care problems in order to provide quality education. At the same time, they are given a multitude of other responsibilities such as participating in scholarly activity, advising students, maintaining an active role in nursing practice, and performing community service. These educators must find innovative ways to present current lectures while at the same time meeting their other obligations. The use of Creighton Online Multiple Modular Expert System (COMMES), a computerized decision support consultant, was evaluated as a technique for faculty use in developing and organizing new lecture content. The study found that COMMES was beneficial as a systematic prompt for lecture content, as a tool for organizing content, and as a means to verify completeness of lecture material.