bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NÅR VERDENER ER AMULETTER: Shamanisme, ting og ontologi blandt duhaerne i Mongoliet
Authors: Kristensen Benedikte Møller 
Published: September 2021

Artiklen undersøger, hvilken rolle amuletter og såkaldt „dårlige ting“ spiller i
initieringen af shamaner blandt duha, som er rensdyrnomader i Mongoliet. Det
er artiklens tese, at duhaernes religiøe amuletter udgø et slags levende kort over
duhaernes shamanistiske ontologi og synliggø deres forestilling om, at hver
shamanslæt udgø en sæegen verden. De „ålige ting“ synliggø duhaernes
normer og vædier for korrekt omgang med mennesker og ikke-mennesker, som
er indeholdt i deres „aturlov“. Viden om de enkelte shamanslæters sæegenhed
videreføes fra shaman til shaman via slætens amuletter, mens de „ålige ting“
synliggø duhaernes fæles normer og vædier. Endelig illustrerer artiklen, hvordan
duhaernes shamanistiske ontologi indebæer en forestilling om multiple verdener,
hvis beskaffenhed kontinuerligt konstrueres og rekonstrueres i en dialektik mellem
viden og „ravæ af viden“ om amuletter, en dialektik, som drives fremad af hædelser
i menneskelivet, der udfordrer shamanen og slætens eksisterende viden
om –og ivæksæter en søen efter og rygter om –den enkelte amulets sande
natur og verden.
Søgeord: shamanisme, ting, ontologi, viden, fravær af viden, rygter
EFTERORD
Authors: Pedersen Ove K. 
Published: September 2021

Jeg har fundet megen inspiration ved at læse de forskellige bidrag og takker
for muligheden for at reflektere over dem alle. Det skal jeg gøre ved først at rette
tre misforståelser og i den forbindelse formulere et par præciseringer. Derefter
skal jeg vise, hvordan de mange bidrag har inspireret mig til at pege på yderligere
forskning i, hvordan transformationen fra velfærdsstat til konkurrencestat foregår.
Med misforståelser mener jeg, hvad jeg selv anser som fejlagtige læsninger af
bogen Konkurrencestaten (Pedersen 2011), både i den generelle debat og i dette
tidsskrift. Jeg udelukker ikke, at jeg selv har ansvar for flere – eller alle – og
bruger derfor ikke ordet misforståelse til at klandre nogen, men til at præcisere,
hvad der øjensynligt kan fejltolkes og er blevet det.
MIDT I LEGEN: Innovation i børnehøjde
Authors: Botelho Flora , Hansen Birgitte Gorm 
Published: September 2021

I studier af entreprenørskab og innovation har man vist stor interesse for leg som et middel til at producere det nye og som en strategi for at sikre udvikling af innovative produkter og viden. Denne artikel udforsker en anden optik af leg, som problematiserer, hvad der ligger til grund for ideerne om brugbare innovationer eller nytte i organisatorisk kreativitet. Dette er gjort ved at kigge nærmere på børnehavebørns leg og se, hvordan børn igennem leg aktivt manipulerer med både reelle og virtuelle dele af virkeligheden og på den måde slører grænserne mellem det alvorlige og det legende, det fantasifulde og det virkelige. Det bliver især udforsket, hvordan børns leg præsenterer en særlig tilgang til nuet, som snarere end at være en lineært ordnet, tidslig periode fremstår som en beholder for potentialiteter. Ved at beskæftige sig med disse aspekter af leg foreslår artiklen, at leg er en aktivitet, der skaber potentielle virkeligheder og temporaliteter, snarere end en nyttebestemt aktivitet, som har til formål at udvikle diverse færdigheder i relation til et præetableret, kulturelt formål.
Søgeord: leg, skabelse, innovation, nytte, børn, potentialitet
To culture or not to culture: a snapshot of culture-dependent and culture-independent bacterial diversity from peanut rhizosphere
Authors: Hinsu Ankit , Dumadiya Ashvin , Joshi Anjali , Kotadiya Rohitkumar , Andharia Kavan , Koringa Prakash , Kothari Ramesh 
Published: September 2021

Background
Sequencing driven metagenomics studies have been instrumental in various aspects of microbiology including identification of newer taxa. While this culture-independent approach has its own merits and demerits, several studies have focussed on comparing it with traditional culture-dependent (CD) approach. However, most of these comparative studies rely on Sanger sequencing of complete 16S rRNA gene from pure culture colonies to determine the culturable bacterial diversity. This approach undercounts culturable diversity as only fewer isolates are selected, sequenced, and identified.

Methods
In this study, we have used an Illumina based partial 16S sequencing to identify all the microbes growing on the media and directly comparing with its culture-independent (CI) counterpart. Eight different media were used to target different organisms from soil. Diversity on these media were compared with their CI counterpart. The NGS data was analysed using DADA2 to provide more resolution to the data.

Results
In line with studies of similar nature, current study presented higher bacterial diversity in CI approach. However, the current study reflected that a greater number of sequence variants were missed out in CI approach as compared to number of sequence variants shared with CD approach. We observed around 322 (5.98%) ASVs (Amplicon Sequence Variants) exclusively present in CD samples while, 234 (4.35%) ASVs were shared between both approaches. Most of these 322 CD exclusive ASVs were classified as Enterobacteriaceae family and Bacillus genus, with several ASVs annotated at the species level as well, and these organisms are more commonly observed in soil and were also detected in CI approach. Furthermore, 22 genera were exclusively detected in CD samples, most of which were reported from soil and water.
The biomechanical characteristics of the strongman atlas stone lift
Authors: Hindle Benjamin , Lorimer Anna , Winwood Paul , Brimm Daniel , Keogh Justin W.L. 
Published: September 2021

Background
The atlas stone lift is a popular strongman exercise where athletes are required to pick up a large, spherical, concrete stone and pass it over a bar or place it on to a ledge. The aim of this study was to use ecologically realistic training loads and set formats to (1) establish the preliminary biomechanical characteristics of athletes performing the atlas stone lift; (2) identify any biomechanical differences between male and female athletes performing the atlas stone lift; and (3) determine temporal and kinematic differences between repetitions of a set of atlas stones of incremental mass.

Methods
Kinematic measures of hip, knee and ankle joint angle, and temporal measures of phase and repetition duration were collected whilst 20 experienced strongman athletes (female: n = 8, male: n = 12) performed three sets of four stone lifts of incremental mass (up to 85% one repetition maximum) over a fixed-height bar.

Results
The atlas stone lift was categorised in to five phases: the recovery, initial grip, first pull, lap and second pull phase. The atlas stone lift could be biomechanically characterised by maximal hip and moderate knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion at the beginning of the first pull; moderate hip and knee flexion and moderate ankle plantarflexion at the beginning of the lap phase; moderate hip and maximal knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion at the beginning of the second pull phase; and maximal hip, knee extension and ankle plantarflexion at lift completion. When compared with male athletes, female athletes most notably exhibited: greater hip flexion at the beginning of the first pull, lap and second pull phase and at lift completion; and a shorter second pull phase duration. Independent of sex, first pull and lap phase hip and ankle range of motion (ROM) were generally smaller in repetition one than the final three repetitions, while phase and total repetition duration increased throughout the set. Two-way interactions between sex and repetition were identified. Male athletes displayed smaller hip ROM during the second pull phase of the first three repetitions when compared with the final repetition and smaller hip extension at lift completion during the first two repetitions when compared with the final two repetitions. Female athletes did not display these between-repetition differences.

Conclusions
Some of the between-sex biomechanical differences observed were suggested to be the result of between-sex anthropometric differences. Between-repetition differences observed may be attributed to the increase in stone mass and acute fatigue. The biomechanical characteristics of the atlas stone lift shared similarities with the previously researched Romanian deadlift and front squat. Strongman athletes, coaches and strength and conditioning coaches are recommended to take advantage of these similarities to achieve greater training adaptations and thus performance in the atlas stone lift and its similar movements.
The bioinformatics and experimental analysis of AlkB family for prognosis and immune cell infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Peng Bi , Yan Yuanliang , Xu Zhijie 
Published: September 2021

Background
Serving as N6-methyladenosine demethylases, the AlkB family is involved in the tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular profiles and clinical values of the AlkB family in HCC are not well known.

Methods
Several bioinformatics tools and in vitro experiments were used to identify the immune-related profiles and prognostic values of AlkB family in HCC.

Results
In this study expression levels of ALKBH1/2/3/4/7 were all remarkably increased in HCC tissues when compared with normal tissues. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to validate the expression of AlkB family members in HCC tissues and normal liver tissues. In addition, high expression levels of ALKBH4 were negatively correlated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with HCC. Increased ALKBH4 was also associated with pathological stage in HCC patients. The molecular profiles of AlkB family in HCC were mainly associated with peptidyl-serine modification, peptidyl-tyrosine modification, regulation of metal ion transport, etc. Furthermore, tumor-infiltrating immune cell analysis indicated that ALKBH1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8 and FTO were related to the infiltration of different immune cell, such as CD8+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells and CD4+ T cells. We also discovered that the methylation levels of ALKBH1/2/4/5/6/8 and FTO were remarkably reduced in HCC tissues.

Conclusions
Collectively, our findings may deepen the understanding of specific molecular profiles of the AlkB family in HCC pathology. In particular, ALKBH4 could serve as a promising prognostic candidate for treating HCC, and these results might potentiate the development of more reliable therapeutic strategies for patients with HCC.
Conjugation‐Free Multilamellar Protein‐Lipid Hybrid Vesicles for Multifaceted Immune Responses
Authors: Koo Bon Il , Jin Seon‐Mi , Kim Hayeon , Lee Dong Jae , Lee Eunji , Nam Yoon Sung 
Published: September 2021

AbstractVarious lipid‐based nanocarriers have been developed for the co‐delivery of protein antigens with immunological adjuvants. However, their in vivo potency in vaccine delivery is limited by structural instability, which causes off‐target delivery and low cross‐presentation efficacies. Recent works employ covalent cross‐linking to stabilize the lipid nanostructures, though the immunogenicity and side effects of chemically modified protein antigens and lipids can cause a long‐lasting safety issue. Here robust “conjugation‐free” multilamellar protein antigen‐lipid hybrid nanovesicles (MPLVs) are introduced through the antigen‐mediated self‐assembly of unilamellar lipid vesicles for the co‐delivery of protein antigens and immunologic adjuvants. The nanocarriers coated with monophosphoryl lipid A and hyaluronic acids elicit highly increase antigen‐specific immune responses in vitro and in vivo. The MPLVs increase the generation of immunological surface markers and cytokines in mouse‐derived bone‐marrow dendritic cells compared to soluble antigens with adjuvants. Besides, the vaccination of mice with the MPLVs significantly increase the production of anti‐antigen antibody and interferon‐gamma via the activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, respectively. These findings suggest that MPLVs can serve as a promising nanovaccine delivery platform for efficient antigen cross‐presentation through the efficient co‐delivery of protein antigens with adjuvants.
Converging 2D Nanomaterials and 3D Bioprinting Technology: State‐of‐the‐Art, Challenges, and Potential Outlook in Biomedical Applications
Authors: Rastin Hadi , Mansouri Negar , Tung Tran Thanh , Hassan Kamrul , Mazinani Arash , Ramezanpour Mahnaz , Yap Pei Lay , Yu Le , Vreugde Sarah , Losic Dusan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe development of next‐generation of bioinks aims to fabricate anatomical size 3D scaffold with high printability and biocompatibility. Along with the progress in 3D bioprinting, 2D nanomaterials (2D NMs) prove to be emerging frontiers in the development of advanced materials owing to their extraordinary properties. Harnessing the properties of 2D NMs in 3D bioprinting technologies can revolutionize the development of bioinks by endowing new functionalities to the current bioinks. First the main contributions of 2D NMS in 3D bioprinting technologies are categorized here into six main classes: 1) reinforcement effect, 2) delivery of bioactive molecules, 3) improved electrical conductivity, 4) enhanced tissue formation, 5) photothermal effect, 6) and stronger antibacterial properties. Next, the recent advances in the use of each certain 2D NMs (1) graphene, 2) nanosilicate, 3) black phosphorus, 4) MXene, 5) transition metal dichalcogenides, 6) hexagonal boron nitride, and 7) metal–organic frameworks) in 3D bioprinting technology are critically summarized and evaluated thoroughly. Third, the role of physicochemical properties of 2D NMSs on their cytotoxicity is uncovered, with several representative examples of each studied 2D NMs. Finally, current challenges, opportunities, and outlook for the development of nanocomposite bioinks are discussed thoroughly.
3D‐Printed Light‐Driven Microswimmer with Built‐In Micromotors
Authors: Chen Yin , Yang Huanhua , Li Mingliang , Zhu Shilu , Chen Shuo , Dong Liuyi , Niu Fuzhou , Yang Runhuai 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUntethered biocompatible microswimmers driven by micromotors in fluids can enable innovative technologies in fields such as biology and chemical and biomedical engineering. However, efficiently driving and controlling the movement of microswimmers by light remains a challenge. Herein, a method for fabricating a light‐driven microswimmer with built‐in micromotors and 3D‐printed multiscale features that exhibits high photocatalytic performance is proposed. TiO2‐CaCO3 composite microparticles (TC) are fabricated as highly efficient micromotors that provide high photocatalytic efficiency in bubble generation, while 3D‐printed hydrogels are fabricated as TiO2‐CaCO3/PEGDA (TC/P) microswimmers that provide biocompatibility, large specific surface area, and controllable movement. The results show that TC micromotors produced by physical mixing at a specific concentration exhibit a large specific surface area, reduced agglomeration, increased photocatalytic active sites, and improved photocatalytic stability. TC micromotors are effectively loaded into the porous hydrogel by 3D printing for multiscale fabrication to improve the photocatalytic performance across scales and realize effective and directional driving under violet light excitation. The TC/P microswimmers exhibit stable catalysis and motion in 7 days, at which point the catalysis by TiO2 is already ineffective. With stability, biocompatibility, and biomedical functions, this multiscale fabricated microswimmer exhibits great potential in micromanipulation and targeted therapy.
Flexible Self‐Powered Electrochemical Photodetector Functionalized by Multilayered Tantalum Diselenide Nanocrystals
Authors: Chauhan Payal , Patel Alkesh B. , Solanki Gunvant K. , Machhi Hiren K. , Soni Saurabh S. , Pathak Vivek M. , Patel Vikas , Narayan Som , Jha Prafulla K. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFew layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are widely used in electrochemical systems due to their unique optical and electronic properties including applications over a large area. Despite the widespread use of 2D layered materials as active components of photoanode, electrochemical conversion studies of few‐layered Tantalum diselenide (TaSe2) are still negligible. In view of this, the TaSe2 nanocrystals (NCs) are successfully synthesized by using the facile liquid‐phase exfoliation (LPE) approach. Different physiochemical characterization confirms the inherent physical and optical properties of TaSe2 NCs. The flexible self‐powered photoelectrochemical (PEC) type photodetector based on TaSe2 NCs achieves the highest photocurrent density (Pph) of 20.8 µA cm−2 and photoresponsivity (Rph) of 0.208 mA W−1 in 0.5 m KOH. TaSe2 NCs demonstrate the excellent self‐driven ability and also unveil decent response under applied bias potential in different concentration of KOH electrolyte. Moreover, the electrode shows excellent ON/OFF switching stability up to 1000 s even after the 1 month of storage in the air. Importantly, the photodetector retains the Pph of 15.8 µA cm−2 after 95 bending cycles of 120° angle, displaying the great flexibility of TaSe2 NCs. This work demonstrates the potential of TaSe2 NCs for their extended application in PEC‐type devices and flexible electronics.
CO2 Ionized Poly(vinyl alcohol) Electrolyte for CO2‐Tolerant Zn‐Air Batteries
Authors: Zhou Yingjie , Pan Ji , Ou Xu , Liu Qinbo , Hu Yin , Li Weizheng , Wu Rongliang , Wen Jin , Yan Feng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCO2 poisoning of alkaline electrolytes is a critical issue that affects the energy efficiency and lifespan of Zn‐air batteries. However, few strategies have been explored to address this issue because it is challenging to block CO2 from the outer atmosphere. Herein, a CO2‐tolerant flexible quasi‐solid‐state electrolyte for Zn‐air batteries, which is achieved by the pre‐fixation of CO2 on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) via its ionization in the form of side ‐OCO2‐ groups (PVA‐TMG), is reported. The pre‐fixation of CO2 enables excellent CO2 tolerance and alleviates the Zn dendrite and ZnO deposition, because the ‐OCO2‐ groups can strongly interact with the Zn2+. In addition, PVA‐TMG exhibits higher ionic conductivity and better water retention capability than the pristine PVA. Consequently, the fabricated Zn‐air batteries deliver excellent performance in both air and a CO2‐rich atmosphere. The optimized PVA‐TMG presents a cycling lifetime 12 times longer than that of the pristine PVA in the atmosphere with 22.7 vol% CO2. The feasible study presented here presents a new milestone in CO2 utilization with energy storage technology.
Self‐Supported Electrocatalysts for Practical Water Electrolysis
Authors: Yang Hongyuan , Driess Matthias , Menezes Prashanth W. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOver the years, significant advances have been made to boost the efficiency of water splitting by carefully designing economic electrocatalysts with augmented conductivity, more accessible active sites, and high intrinsic activity in laboratory test conditions. However, it remains a challenge to develop earth‐abundant catalysts that can satisfy the demands of practical water electrolysis, that is, outstanding all‐pH electrolyte capacity, direct seawater splitting ability, exceptional performance for overall water splitting, superior large‐current‐density activity, and robust long‐term durability. In this context, considering the features of increased active species loading, rapid charge, and mass transfer, a strong affinity between catalytic components and substrates, easily‐controlled wettability, as well as, enhanced bifunctional performance, the self‐supported electrocatalysts are presently projected to be the most suitable contenders for practical massive scale hydrogen generation. In this review, a comprehensive introduction to the design and fabrication of self‐supported electrocatalysts with an emphasis on the design of deposited nanostructured catalysts, the selection of self‐supported substrates, and various fabrication methods are provided. Thereafter, the recent development of promising self‐supported electrocatalysts for practical applications is reviewed from the aforementioned aspects. Finally, a brief conclusion is delivered and the challenges and perspectives relating to promotion of self‐supported electrocatalysts for sustainable large‐scale production of hydrogen are discussed.
Covalent‐Organic Frameworks (COFs) as Proton Conductors
Authors: Sahoo Rupam , Mondal Supriya , Pal Shyam Chand , Mukherjee Debolina , Das Madhab C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractProton conductivity is the paramount property of proton‐conducting materials that are playing significant roles in diverse electrochemical devices with applications in proton exchange membranes (PEMs) for fuel cells (PEMFCs). Considering the scarcity of fossil fuels, the development of clean and green renewable energy resources is in‐demand across the globe. Toward this direction, the development of solid‐state proton conductors is of significant interest. The higher structural tunability, lower density, good crystallinity, accessible well‐defined pores, excellent thermal and chemical stability of covalent‐organic frameworks (COFs) make them versatile platforms as proton conductors both under hydrous and anhydrous conditions. Taking advantage of such superior properties, the reports on proton‐conducting COFs have been increasing swiftly since 2014, which demands a summarization and comprehensive discussion for “at a glance” visualization and further development. In this review, the COFs are showcased as a newer class of solid‐state proton‐conducting material. A comprehensive discussion is presented by organizing the strategies taken to develop the proton‐conducting COFs. Establishment of structure–function relationships and the implementation of COFs as proton conductors are discussed as well. Moreover, challenges and future prospects are presented elaborately and are critically analyzed.
Methane hydrate production using a novel spiral‐agitated reactor: Promotion of hydrate formation kinetics
Authors: Zhang Guodong , Shi Xiaoyun , Wang Fei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTo enhance hydrate formation kinetics, we presented a novel spiral‐agitated reactor, where hydrates were synthetized in pure water systems, and fast hydrate kinetics was observed under extremely mild conditions. Hydrates can nucleate within 4 min under 3.5 MPa and 275.15 K at a rotating speed of 60 rpm, and large water‐to‐hydrate conversion (>85%) was obtained at a moderate condition of 4.85 MPa, 275.15 K, and 30 rpm with an average methane uptake of 139.78 V/V, demonstrating that pure water systems are feasible for hydrate‐based solidified natural gas (SNG) technology. Numerical simulations of flow fields inner the reactor were carried out, and four mechanisms behind the excellent promotion were proposed, dual‐agitation, two‐way convection, interfacial impact and micro bubbles, which significantly improve mass transfer, giving rise to fast hydrate nucleation and growth kinetics. These findings suggest extraordinary performance of spiral agitation, and this may pave way on the industrial application of hydrate‐based SNG technology.