bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metallic-Pb nanospheres in zircon from the Challenger Au deposit, South Australia: probing metamorphic and ore formation histories
Authors: Courtney-Davies Liam , Ciobanu Cristiana L. , Cook Nigel J. , Verdugo-Ihl Max R. , Slattery Ashley , Gilbert Sarah E. , Ehrig Kathy 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAncient metamorphic processes are recorded by the formation of metallic-Pb nanospheres in zircon, a product of internal Pb mobilisation and thermally driven concentration. Here, metallic-Pb nanospheres formed within an ore deposit are characterised for the first time using high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy element-distribution mapping. Exceptional examples from the migmatite-hosted Archean–Paleoproterozoic Challenger Au deposit (Central Gawler Craton, South Australia) support widespread metallic-Pb nanosphere formation in zircon from rocks experiencing granulite-facies metamorphism. We also report new trace-element associations found with metallic-Pb nanospheres and a new mode of occurrence, in which Sc ‘haloes’ form adjacent to metallic-Pb nanospheres within the crystalline zircon lattice. This differs to previously characterised examples of metallic-Pb nanospheres associated with amorphous Si-rich glasses and unidentified Al–Ti, or Fe-bearing phases. Multiple modes of metallic-Pb nanosphere occurrences and trace-element associations suggests multiple modes of formation, probably dependant on zircon composition and metamorphic conditions. Identification of metallic-Pb nanospheres in a growing range of geological settings further highlights the mobility of Pb in zircon and the importance of detailed, nanoscale mineral characterisation, in order to constrain accurate geochronological histories for rocks within high-temperature geological environments.
The Elite Alleles of OsSPL4 Regulate Grain Size and Increase Grain Yield in Rice
Authors: Hu Jihong , Huang Liyu , Chen Guanglong , Liu Hui , Zhang Yesheng , Zhang Ru , Zhang Shilai , Liu Jintao , Hu Qingyi , Hu Fengyi , Wang Wen , Ding Yi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGrain weight and grain number, the two important yield traits, are mainly determined by grain size and panicle architecture in rice. Herein, we report the identification and functional analysis of OsSPL4 in panicle and grain development of rice. Using CRISPR/Cas9 system, two elite alleles of OsSPL4 were obtained, which exhibited an increasing number of grains per panicle and grain size, resulting in increase of rice yield. Cytological analysis showed that OsSPL4 could regulate spikelet development by promoting cell division. The results of RNA-seq and qRT-PCR validations also demonstrated that several MADS-box and cell-cycle genes were up-regulated in the mutation lines. Co-expression network revealed that many yield-related genes were involved in the regulation network of OsSPL4. In addition, OsSPL4 could be cleaved by the osa-miR156 in vivo, and the OsmiR156-OsSPL4 module might regulate the grain size in rice. Further analysis indicated that the large-grain allele of OsSPL4 in indica rice might introgress from aus varieties under artificial selection. Taken together, our findings suggested that OsSPL4 could be as a key regulator of grain size by acting on cell division control and provided a strategy for panicle architecture and grain size modification for yield improvement in rice.
SVDNVLDA: predicting lncRNA-disease associations by Singular Value Decomposition and node2vec
Authors: Li Jianwei , Li Jianing , Kong Mengfan , Wang Duanyang , Fu Kun , Shi Jiangcheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Numerous studies on discovering the roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the occurrence, development and prognosis progresses of various human diseases have drawn substantial attentions. Since only a tiny portion of lncRNA-disease associations have been properly annotated, an increasing number of computational methods have been proposed for predicting potential lncRNA-disease associations. However, traditional predicting models lack the ability to precisely extract features of biomolecules, it is urgent to find a model which can identify potential lncRNA-disease associations with both efficiency and accuracy.

Results
In this study, we proposed a novel model, SVDNVLDA, which gained the linear and non-linear features of lncRNAs and diseases with Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) and node2vec methods respectively. The integrated features were constructed from connecting the linear and non-linear features of each entity, which could effectively enhance the semantics contained in ultimate representations. And an XGBoost classifier was employed for identifying potential lncRNA-disease associations eventually.

Conclusions
We propose a novel model to predict lncRNA-disease associations. This model is expected to identify potential relationships between lncRNAs and diseases and further explore the disease mechanisms at the lncRNA molecular level.
Genetic variations for the eggshell crystal structure revealed by genome-wide association study in chickens
Authors: Li Quanlin , Duan Zhongyi , Sun Congjiao , Zheng Jiangxia , Xu Guiyun , Yang Ning 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Eggshell is a bio-ceramic material comprising columnar calcite (CaCO3) crystals and organic proteinaceous matrix. The size, shape and orientation of the CaCO3 crystals influence the microstructural properties of chicken eggshells. However, the genetic architecture underlying eggshell crystal polymorphism remains to be elucidated.

Results
The integral intensity of the nine major diffraction peaks, total integral intensity and degree of orientation of the crystals were measured followed by a genome-wide association study in 839 F2 hens. The results showed that the total integral intensity was positively correlated with the eggshell strength, eggshell thickness, eggshell weight, mammillary layer thickness and effective layer thickness. The SNP-based heritabilities of total integral intensity and degree of orientation were 0.23 and 0.06, respectively. The 621 SNPs located in the range from 55.6 to 69.1 Mb in GGA1 were significantly associated with TA. PLCZ1, ABCC9, ITPR2, KCNJ8, CACNA1C and IAPP, which are involved in the biological process of regulating cytosolic calcium ion concentration, can be suggested as key genes regulating the total integral intensity.

Conclusions
The findings greatly advance the understanding of the genetic basis underlying the crystal ultrastructure of eggshell quality and thus will have practical significance in breeding programs for improving eggshell quality.
Evaluation of radiation maculopathy after treatment of choroidal melanoma with ruthenium-106 using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Torkashvand Ali , Riazi-Esfahani Hamid , Ghassemi Fariba , Khalili Pour Elias , Masoomian Babak , Zarei Mohammad , Fadakar Kaveh , Arjmand Mojtaba , Tayebi Fereshteh , Ekradi Leila , Abrishami Moghaddam Hamid , Mahmoudi Tahereh , Daneshmand Reihaneh , Faghihi Hooshang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
To assess the impact of brachytherapy on macular microvasculature utilizing optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in treated choroidal melanoma.

Methods
In this retrospective observational case series, we reviewed the recorded data of the patients with unilateral extramacular choroidal melanoma treated with ruthenium − 106 (106Ru) plaque radiotherapy with a follow-up period of more than 6 months. Automatically measured OCTA retinal parameters were analysed after image processing.

Results
Thirty-one eyes of 31 patients with the mean age of 51.1 years were recruited. Six eyes had no radiation maculopathy (RM). From 25 eyes with RM, nine eyes (36%) revealed a burnout macular microvasculature with imperceptible vascular details. Twenty-one non-irradiated fellow eyes from the enrolled patients were considered as the control group. Foveal and optic disc radiation dose had the highest value to predict the burnout pattern (ROC, AUC: 0.763, 0.727). Superficial and deep foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were larger in irradiated eyes in comparison to non-irradiated fellow eyes (1629 μm2 vs. 428 μm2, P = 0.005; 1837 μm2 vs 268 μm2, P = 0.021; respectively). Foveal and parafoveal vascular area density (VAD) and vascular skeleton density (VSD) in both superficial and deep capillary plexus (SCP and DCP) were decreased in all irradiated eyes in comparison with non-irradiated fellow eyes (P < 0.001). Compared with non-irradiated fellow eyes, irradiated eyes without RM had significantly lower VAD and VSD at foveal and parafoveal DCP (all P < 0.02). However, these differences at SCP were not statistically significant.

Conclusion
The OCTA is a valuable tool for evaluating RM. Initial subclinical microvascular insult after 106Ru brachytherapy is more likely to occur in DCP. The deep FAZ area was identified as a more critical biomarker of BCVA than superficial FAZ in these patients.
Exclusive breastfeeding in rural Western China: does father’s co-residence matter?
Authors: Nie Jingchun , Zhang Lifang , Song Shuyi , Hartnett Andrew John , Liu Zhuo , Wang Nan , Nie Weiqi , Yang Jie , Li Ying , Shi Yaojiang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
China suffers from a low exclusive breastfeeding rate. Though it has been proofed that paternal support benefits breastfeeding a lot, the correlation between father’s co-residence and exclusive breastfeeding in China remain undiscovered. This study is to provide population-based evidence for the association of paternal co-residence on exclusive breastfeeding in rural western China. We also attempt to detect how the process works by examining the correlation between the father’s co-residence and breastfeeding family support as well as maternal decision-making power.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 nationally-designated poverty-stricken counties in the Qinba Mountains area in 2019. Data on breastfeeding practices, the status of fathers co-residence, breastfeeding family support, and maternal decision-making power were collected via structured questionnaires from 452 caregivers-infant pairs. Multivariate regressions were conducted to explore the correlation between paternal co-residence and exclusive breastfeeding.

Results
The exclusive breastfeeding (0–6 months) rate was 16% in rural western China. Fathers’ co-residence was associated with a lower exclusive breastfeeding rate (OR = 0.413, 95% CI = 0.227–0.750, P = 0.004) and the rate did not improve when the father was the secondary caregiver. Even ruling out support from grandmothers, the association was still negative. Paternal co-residence did not improve maternal perceived breastfeeding family support, neither practically nor emotionally (β =0.109, P = 0.105; β =0.011,P = 0.791, respectively) and it reduced maternal decision-making power (β = − 0.196, P = 0.007).

Conclusions
Fathers’ co-residence is negatively associated with the exclusive breastfeeding rates in rural western China. More skill-based practical and emotional strategies should be considered on father’s education to help them better involvement and show more respect to mothers’ decisions.
Therapists’ experiences and needs with regard to providing work-focused care: a focus group study
Authors: Oswald Wiebke , Ummels Inez , Raaijmakers Tamara , Baart Paul , Staal J. Bart , Bieleman Hendrik J. , Nijhuis - van der Sanden Maria W. G. , Heerkens Yvonne F. , Hutting Nathan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) can create a temporary or permanent disability that reduce a person’s ability to work. Physiotherapists (PTs), occupational therapists (OTs) and exercise therapists (ETs) are often involved in the early management of MSDs. There is a need for additional insights into therapists’ experiences, barriers and needs to work-focused care. Moreover, there is no evidence on how OTs and ETs address work participation. Therefore, the aim of this qualitative study was 1) to investigate how generalist PTs, OTs and ETs provide work-focused healthcare and 2) to obtain insight into their perceived barriers and needs that affect their ability to address occupational factors.

Methods
An exploratory qualitative study using three focus groups. Generalist PTs, OTs and ETs were eligible to participate if they treated working patients with MSDs. A semi-structured interview guide with open-ended questions was developed. Two moderators facilitated each focus group using the interview guide, and all the groups were audio recorded. Data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Results
Sixteen therapists (mean age 44 years, range 25-59) participated in this study. Participants were aware of the importance of taking occupational factors into account. Whether they address occupational factors is largely dependent on the patient’s request for help. However, ETs and OTs consider it normal to ask about occupational factors during the diagnostic process, while PTs often address this in later consultations. Almost all participants were unaware of the existence of PTs, OTs or ETs who are specialised in occupational health. Moreover, almost all participants struggled with when to refer a patient to other (occupational) healthcare professionals. This study identified several needs of therapists. These included knowledge about laws and legislation and skills for identifying and addressing work-related or work-relevant complaints.

Conclusions
Participants in this qualitative study were aware of the importance of taking occupational factors into account. However, how PTs, OTs and ETs address work participation and the extent to which they do so can be improved. There was a lack of knowledge about and cooperation with occupational health professionals, including PTs, OTs or ETs specialised in occupational health.
Global, regional, and national burden and quality of care index (QCI) of lip and oral cavity cancer: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2017
Authors: Sofi-Mahmudi Ahmad , Masinaei Masoud , Shamsoddin Erfan , Tovani-Palone Marcos Roberto , Heydari Mohammad-Hossein , Shoaee Shervan , Ghasemi Erfan , Azadnajafabad Sina , Roshani Shahin , Rezaei Negar , Rashidi Mohammad-Mahdi , Kalantar Mehrjardi Reyhaneh , Hajebi Amir Ali , Larijani Bagher , Farzadfar Farshad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
To measure the quality of care for lip and oral cavity cancer worldwide using the data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2017.

Methods
After devising four main indices of quality of care for lip and oral cavity cancer using GBD 2017 study’s measures, including prevalence, incidence, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life years, we utilised principal component analysis (PCA) to determine a component that bears the most proportion of info among the others. This component of the PCA was considered as the Quality-of-Care Index (QCI) for lip and oral cavity cancer. The QCI score was then reported in both men and women worldwide and different countries based on the socio-demographic index (SDI) and World Bank classifications.

Results
Between 1990 and 2017, care quality continuously increased globally (from 53.7 to 59.6). In 1990, QCI was higher for men (53.5 for men compared with 50.8 for women), and in 2017 QCI increased for both men and women, albeit a slightly higher rise for women (57.2 for men compared with 59.9 for women). During the same period, age-standardised QCI for lip and oral cavity cancer increased in all regions (classified by SDI and World Bank). Globally, the highest QCI scores were observed in the elderly age group, whereas the least were in the adult age group. Five countries with the least amount of QCIs were all African. In contrast, North American countries, West European countries and Australia had the highest indices.

Conclusion
The quality of care for lip and oral cavity cancer showed a rise from 1990 to 2017, a promising outcome that supports patient-oriented and preventive treatment policies previously advised in the literature. However, not all countries enjoyed such an increase in the QCI to the same extent. This alarming finding could imply a necessary need for better access to high-quality treatments for lip and oral cavity cancer, especially in central African countries and Afghanistan. More policies with a preventive approach and paying more heed to the early diagnosis, broad insurance coverage, and effective screening programs are recommended worldwide. More focus should also be given to the adulthood age group as they had the least QCI scores globally.
Knowledge of cervical cancer risk factors among Palestinian women: a national cross-sectional study
Authors: Elshami Mohamedraed , Thalji Mariam , Abukmail Hanan , Al-Slaibi Ibrahim , Alser Mohammed , Radaydeh Afnan , Alfuqaha Alaa , Khader Salma , Khatib Lana , Fannoun Nour , Ahmad Bisan , Kassab Lina , Khrishi Hiba , Elhussaini Deniz , Abed Nour , Nammari Aya , Abdallah Tumodir , Alqudwa Zaina , Idais Shahd , Tanbouz Ghaid , Hajajreh Ma’alem , Selmiyh Hala Abu , Abo-Hajouj Zakia , Hebi Haya , Zamel Manar , Skaik Refqa Najeeb , Hammoud Lama , Rjoub Saba , Ayesh Hadeel , Rjoub Toqa , Zakout Rawan , Alser Amany , Abu-El-Noor Nasser , Bottcher Bettina 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
High awareness of cervical cancer (CC) risk factors is important to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with CC. This study aimed to assess the knowledge level of Palestinian women about CC risk factors and to determine the factors associated with good knowledge.

Methods
This was a national cross-sectional study. Adult women from hospitals, primary healthcare centers, and public spaces of 11 governorates in Palestine were recruited using a stratified convenience sampling. A translated-into-Arabic version of the validated CC awareness measure (CeCAM) was used to assess the knowledge about the 11 CC risk factors. For each correctly identified risk factor, the participant was given one point. The total score was calculated and was categorized into three categories: poor knowledge (0–3), fair knowledge (4–7), and good knowledge (8–11).

Results
A total of 7223 participants completed the Arabic CeCAM (response rate = 89.3%) and 7058 questionnaires were included in the final analysis: 2655 from the Gaza Strip and 4403 from the West Bank and Jerusalem. Participants recruited from the Gaza Strip were younger, getting lower monthly incomes, and with less chronic diseases than participants recruited from the West Bank and Jerusalem. The most frequently identified risk factor was ‘having a weakened immune system’ (n = 5458, 77.3%) followed by ‘infection with a sexually transmitted infection’ (n = 5388, 76.3%). The least identified risk factor was ‘having many children’ (n = 1597, 22.6%). Only 1670 women (23.7%) had good knowledge of CC risk factors. Women living in the Gaza Strip were more likely than women living in the West Bank and Jerusalem to have good knowledge (25.2% vs 22.7%). Completing a secondary or diploma degree, being employed, and having a monthly income of ≥ 1450 NIS (around $450) were all associated with lower likelihood of having good knowledge of CC risk factors. Conversely, knowing someone with cancer was associated with higher likelihood of having good knowledge.

Conclusion
The overall awareness of CC risk factors was low. There is a substantial need to establish educational programs to promote Palestinian women’s awareness of CC.
Trainee-led research using an integrated knowledge translation or other research partnership approaches: a scoping review
Authors: Cassidy Christine E. , Shin Hwayeon Danielle , Ramage Emily , Conway Aislinn , Mrklas Kelly , Laur Celia , Beck Amy , Varin Melissa Demery , Steinwender Sandy , Nguyen Tram , Langley Jodi , Dorey Rachel , Donnelly Lauren , Ormel Ilja 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere are increasing expectations for researchers and knowledge users in the health system to use a research partnership approach, such as integrated knowledge translation, to increase the relevance and use of research findings in health practice, programmes and policies. However, little is known about how health research trainees engage in research partnership approaches such as IKT. In response, the purpose of this scoping review was to map and characterize the evidence related to using an IKT or other research partnership approach from the perspective of health research trainees in thesis and/or postdoctoral work.MethodsWe conducted this scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. We searched the following databases in June 2020: MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and PsycINFO. We also searched sources of unpublished studies and grey literature. We reported our findings in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews.ResultsWe included 74 records that described trainees’ experiences using an IKT or other research partnership approach to health research. The majority of studies involved collaboration with knowledge users in the research question development, recruitment and data collection stages of the research process. Intersecting barriers to IKT or other research partnerships at the individual, interpersonal and organizational levels were reported, including lack of skills in partnership research, competing priorities and trainees’ “outsider” status. We also identified studies that evaluated their IKT approach and reported impacts on partnership formation, such as valuing different perspectives, and enhanced relevance of research.ConclusionOur review provides insights for trainees interested in IKT or other research partnership approaches and offers guidance on how to apply an IKT approach to their research. The review findings can serve as a basis for future reviews and primary research focused on IKT principles, strategies and evaluation. The findings can also inform IKT training efforts such as guideline development and academic programme development.