bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facing the new diagnostic and treatment options of Alzheimer's disease: The necessity of informed consent
Authors: Karneboge Jonas , Haberstroh Julia , Geschke Katharina , Perry Julia , Radenbach Katrin , Jessen Frank , Rostamzadeh Ayda 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWith advances in biomarker‐based detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and new treatment options with disease‐modifying treatments (DMTs), we are heading toward a new conceptualization of diagnostics and therapy in the early stages of AD. Yet consensus guidelines on best clinical practices in predictive AD diagnostics are still developing. Currently, there is a knowledge gap regarding counseling and disclosure practices in early symptomatic disease stages, its implications for dementia risk estimation, and DMTs with associated risks and benefits. The crucial feature is the capacity of patients with (mild) cognitive impairment, eligible for DMTs, to consent. This perspective aims to (1) discuss the current challenges in assessing capacity to consent and (2) highlight the importance of a supported (informed) decision‐making process. Measures to facilitate informed decision‐making of patients constitute an ethical approach to enhancing the quality of care in this evolving therapeutic landscape.HighlightsThis perspective:

Explores biomarker‐based early symptomatic AD detection and the implications for patient care.
Emphasizes supported decision‐making in DMTs for MCI and dementia patients.
Discusses the need for standardized tools to assess the capacity to consent.
Aligns diagnostic and treatment approaches with ethical care standards.
Enhances patient autonomy in the evolving AD therapeutic landscape.
Microstructural mapping of neural pathways in Alzheimer's disease using macrostructure‐informed normative tractometry
Authors: Feng Yixue , Chandio Bramsh Q. , Villalon‐Reina Julio E. , Thomopoulos Sophia I. , Nir Talia M. , Benavidez Sebastian , Laltoo Emily , Chattopadhyay Tamoghna , Joshi Himanshu , Venkatasubramanian Ganesan , John John P. , Jahanshad Neda , Reid Robert I. , Jack Clifford R. , Weiner Michael W. , Thompson Paul M. ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: December 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONDiffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) is sensitive to the microstructural properties of brain tissues and shows great promise in detecting the effects of degenerative diseases. However, many approaches analyze single measures averaged over regions of interest without considering the underlying fiber geometry.METHODSWe propose a novel macrostructure‐informed normative tractometry (MINT) framework to investigate how white matter (WM) microstructure and macrostructure are jointly altered in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. We compared MINT‐derived metrics with univariate diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics to examine how fiber geometry may impact the interpretation of microstructure.RESULTSIn two multisite cohorts from North America and India, we find consistent patterns of microstructural and macrostructural anomalies implicated in MCI and dementia; we also rank diffusion metrics' sensitivity to dementia.DISCUSSIONWe show that MINT, by jointly modeling tract shape and microstructure, has the potential to disentangle and better interpret the effects of degenerative disease on the brain's neural pathways.Highlights
Changes in diffusion tensor imaging metrics may be due to macroscopic changes.
Normative models encode normal variability of diffusion metrics in healthy controls.
Variational autoencoder applied on tractography can learn patterns of fiber geometry.
WM microstructure and macrostructure are modeled with multivariate methods.
Transfer learning uses pretraining and fine‐tuning for increased efficiency.
High‐throughput Design of Single‐atom Catalysts with Nonplanar and Triple Pyrrole‐N Coordination for Highly Efficient H2O2 Electrosynthesis
Authors: Jia Jingjing , Li Zhenxin , Sang Zhiyuan , Liu Xiaoqing , Peng Wei , Chen Rui , Jiang Qiao , Li Xia , Ren Zhizhen , Hao Weichang , Yin Lichang , Liu Jiachen , Hou Feng , Liang Ji 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSingle‐atom catalysts (SACs) with nonplanar configurations possess unique capabilities for tailoring the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic performance compared with the ones with planar configurations, owing to the additional orbital rearrangement arising from the asymmetric coordination atoms. However, the systematic investigation of these nonplanar SACs has long been hindered by the difficulty in screening feasible nonplanar configurations and precisely controlling the coordination structures. Herein, we demonstrate a combined high‐throughput screening and experimental verification of nonplanar SACs (ppy‐MN3) with metal atoms triple‐coordinated by pyrrole‐N, for highly active and selective 2e− ORR electrocatalysis. With the additional p‐orbital rearrangement of N‐ligands for ppy‐MN3 during catalysis, a new descriptor on the energy difference between d‐band center of metal sites and p‐band centers of N‐ligands (Δϵd−p) is proposed to accurately identify the relationship between their catalytic activities and electronic structures, on top of the conventional d‐band center theory. Consequently, ppy‐ZnN3 is identified with excellent 2e− ORR activity (η=0.08 eV) and selectivity, as well as a low 2e− ORR kinetic barrier under alkaline condition owing to a strong hydrogen bonding between OOH* intermediate and interfacial water, which is then experimentally verified by its high electrocatalytic H2O2 yield (43 mol g−1 h−1) and selectivity (92 %) under alkaline condition. This study thus presents a proof‐of‐concept demonstration of the performance‐oriented and precise coordination design of nonplanar SACs for efficient H2O2 electrosynthesis, and, more importantly, provides an essential complement to the d‐band theory for more accurately predicting the catalytic activities of catalysts with nonplanar configurations for series potential electrochemical processes.
Surface Coverage Tuning for Suppressing Over‐Oxidation: A Case of Photoelectrochemical Alcohol‐to‐Aldehyde/Ketone Conversion
Authors: Dong Chaoran , Lin Cheng , Li Panjie , Park Jong Hyeok , Shen Jinyou , Zhang Kan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSuppressing over‐oxidation is a crucial challenge for various chemical intermediate synthesis in heterogeneous catalysis. The distribution of oxidative species and the substrate coverage, governed by the direction of electron transfer, are believed to influence the oxidation extent. In this study, we presented an experimental realization of surface coverage modulation on a photoelectrode using a photo‐induced charge activation method. Through the surface coverage modulation, both pre‐oxidized alcohol substrates and surface coverage were increased, which not only improved the reaction kinetics but also suppressed the over‐oxidation of the generated aldehydes/ketones. As a demonstration, the Faradaic efficiency for the conversion of glycerol to dihydroxyacetone increased from 31.8 % to 46.8 % (with selectivity rising from 47.6 % to 71.3 %), from 73.4 % to 87.8 % for benzyl alcohol to benzyl aldehyde (selectivity increasing from 76.7 % to 92.4 %) and from 4.2 % to 53.6 % for ethylene glycol to glycolaldehyde (selectivity increasing from 6.2 % to 62.7 %). Our findings offer a promising strategy for the production of high‐value carbon products in heterogeneous catalysis.
A quiet revolutionary: A conversation with Heather Chambers
Authors: Amos Jackie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMany innovations in clinical care are never reported in academic literature, because skilled and creative practitioners are often unaccustomed to academic writing. This means that important insights that could influence practice may not come to the attention of researchers who can generate the evidence that is needed for an intervention to gain wide acceptance. Heather Chambers is one of those gifted clinicians whose insights have often been revolutionary for the practitioners who have worked with her, but whose work still requires formal evaluation. Parallel Parent and Child Narrative (PPCN) is one of the interventions that Heather Chambers developed. It is a dyadic form of therapeutic storytelling, in which moving beyond any moral condemnation and towards therapeutic care is deeply embedded. PPCN focuses on revealing and proving the good intentions at the heart of everything that parents and children do, to counter feelings of hurt, blame and shame. PPCN has been utilised in both New Zealand and Australia, in small geographical pockets, since the early 2000s. There is accumulated anecdotal evidence from its use in private practice: Infant, Child and Family Services (ICAFS) in the Hutt Valley and Wellington, New Zealand; and Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) and reunification services (restoring children to their birth families, after removal by child protection services) in South Australia. The use of PPCN over many years and in a variety of settings suggests that clinicians who are familiar with PPCN find it useful and rewarding and that families are able to engage with the process. This conversation with Heather Chambers has been included in this special issue with the hope of introducing PPCN to the wider family therapy community and stimulating interest in this approach.
Raphia sese unconventional oil from the Congo Basin: Comparison between chemical and screw press extraction
Authors: Taty Mignon Prince Exaucé , Loumouamou Bob Wilfrid , Elenga Michel , Baréa Bruno , Barouh Nathalie , Danflous Jean‐Paul , Nzikou Jean Mathurin , Figueroa‐Espinoza Maria Cruz 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study highlights the importance of adding value to Raphia sese (raffia) from the Congo Basin, by using a screw press to extract its pulp oil that can be used in agri‐food industry. A 2k factorial experiment was used to study the influence of the intrinsic parameters of the press (rotation speed and diameter of the output die) on the oil extraction efficiency. Screw press extraction efficiency yield was of 43.3 ± 1.7%, representing an extraction rate of 80.8 ± 6.2%. Mechanical extracted raffia oil was chemically characterized measuring acidity and peroxide values; fatty acid (FA), tocopherol, and sterol compositions, and carotenoids content. These results were compared to those obtained from the analysis of a solvent‐extracted oil. The screw press extracted raffia oil exhibited good quality (richer in monounsaturated FA and total sterols; similar total contents in unsaturated FA, tocopherols, and carotenoids; lower acidity and peroxide values), surpassing the solvent‐extracted one. Raffia oil's composition would offer a promising alternative to palm oil (obtained from the pulp of Elaeis guineensis fruit). Compared to palm oil, the press‐ and solvent‐extracted raffia oils presented a similar content in saturated FA, ~3.3‐fold less monosaturated FA, ~3.4‐fold more polyunsaturated FA, 3.5‐fold more linoleic acid, and between 2.4 and 2.8‐fold more linolenic acid. Raffia oil's use in food products as a replacement for palm oil would thus allow to diversify edible oil sources, stimulate the local economy, and promote healthier and more sustainable diets.
Hierarchical Structured Superhydrophobic Surfaces on Graphite Composites
Authors: Raab Raphael , Fotachov Daniel , Oesterschulze Egbert , Melchior Tobias , von Harbou Erik , Bart Hans‐Jörg 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA scalable thermal imprinting method and subsequent hierarchical structuring with metal oxide nanostructures forms superhydrophilic or superhydrophobic surfaces on graphite composites. Anisotropically etched silicon wafers serve as basis to create various microstructures by a thermal imprinting on thermally conductive polymer graphite composites. Even after 32 times of embossing, the mold can be reused and restored by pyrolysis, ensuring its longevity and costeffective process. Nanostructuring caused by sputtered aluminum or electron beam evaporated copper on the embossed microstructures and further oxidized with a simple hot water treatment offers a wide range of different hierarchical structures. The combination of microstructures and nanostructures with a low surface energy coating of stearic or lauric acid results in a superhydrophobic surface, which is completely water‐repellent with a contact angle greater than 160° and low contact angle hysteresis lower than 5°. This work provides a deeper understanding of the effects of the interaction of aluminum and copper metal oxide nanostructures and thermally imprinted microstructures on surface of graphite compounds. It has been demonstrated that superhydrophobic surfaces can be created with both fatty acids. Lauric acid is easier to use due to its simple handling and reaches a maximum contact angle after 30 min of exposure time with copper oxide nanostructures of over 170°.
Electrospun Membrane of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Polyvinylpyrrolidone Functionalized With Copper Nanoparticles: Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties and Particulate Matter Filtering
Authors: Marin‐Silva Diego A. , Perez‐Calderon John , Pinotti Adriana 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTElectrospun materials are widely used in filtering applications due to their excellent dynamic properties. However, their solubility and mechanical strength limit their use in humid environments. A nanostructured device based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), reinforced with copper nanoparticles (CuNps), was designed to impart antimicrobial properties, modify fiber diameters, and improve solution conductivity for environmental applications such as filtering devices. Morphological, tensile, thermal, and antimicrobial analyses and filtering of particulate matter were conducted to evaluate the impact of CuNps on the electrospun mat. Mechanical tests demonstrated that the addition of CuNp enhanced the ultimate tensile strength from 13 to 53 MPa. The electrical conductivity of the solution, improved by CuNps, enabled the production of fibers with adequate diameters, and as a result, the fibers became thinner and more uniform. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and ATR‐FTIR analyses indicated the presence of CuNp and their interaction with the polymer mat. Antimicrobial tests revealed excellent properties against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria and
Candida albicans
. Heat treatment of the fibrous structures improved their solubility, making them suitable for use in high‐humidity environments. The application of the PVA–PVPCu mats as filters, using electrostatic precipitator TDA equipment, enabled the retention of a particulate matter of 2.5 and 10 μm, confirming that these electrospun biocompatible mats can be efficient and cost‐effective air filtration devices.
The Role of Alkali Metal Ions in Cooperative Electrocatalysis by Bifunctional Co−Mn‐Mixed Phosphates
Authors: Chaudhary Savi , Murugavel Ramaswamy 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDeveloping cost‐effective, non‐precious metal bifunctional electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is crucial for advancing sustainable energy storage and conversion technologies, including zinc‐air batteries, fuel cells, and water electrolyzers. This study presents a one‐pot synthesis of cobalt‐manganese mixed phosphates as effective bifunctional electrocatalysts for both ORR and OER. Among the catalysts tested, Na−Co−Mn−P [NaCo1.5Mn1.5(HPO4)2(PO4)] exhibited the highest catalytic activity, with a minimal ΔE of 0.86 V, indicating superior performance. The incorporation of alkali metals and the synergistic effects of metal and phosphate components enhance conductivity, electrochemical surface area, and mixed valency of transition metals, contributing to improved electrocatalytic activity. This work highlights a straightforward synthesis method and the beneficial role of metal‐phosphate synergy in oxygen electrocatalysis.
A Mitochondria‐Targeted Iridium(iii) Phosphorescent Probe for Selective Detection of Hypochlorite in Living Cells
Authors: Xu Wenjuan , Wang Haoxuan , Guang Ying , Pan Zhiqiang , Chen Kai , Ma Tingchun , Zhang Jing 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHypochlorous acid(HClO)/hypochlorite ion (ClO−) is a highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) that play a crucial role in various biological processes. In this paper, a “turn‐on” phosphorescent probe (Ir‐TPP) for detecting ClO− in mitochondria was designed and synthesized. In solution, Ir‐TPP is minimal emission due to rapid isomerization of C=N−OH as an efficient non‐radiative decay process. When Ir‐TPP was reacted with ClO− to form an oxidized carboxylate product, there is a significant enhancement both in absorbance and emission intensity, resulting in approximately 25‐fold increase in phosphorescence signal. Furthermore, the probe demonstrates high selectivity towards other anions and ROS. It also exhibits specific targeting ability towards mitochondria with a co‐staining coefficient of 94 % compared to commercial dyes, enabling “turn‐on” detection of ClO− within mitochondria.
Enhanced Synthesis, Purification, and Characterization of a Marine Bacterial Consortium‐Derived Protease Enzyme With Destaining and Keratinolytic Activity
Authors: Thakor Rashmi , Mistry Harsh , Almoallim Hesham S. , Ansari Mohammad Javed , Patel Ashish , Yadav Virendra Kumar , Sahoo Dipak Kumar , Bariya Himanshu 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTTwo marine‐derived bacteria, Bacillus paralicheniformis (HR‐1) and Bacillus haynesii (HR‐5), were isolated from sediments and identified using 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplification and sequencing as well as biochemical analysis. The development of a bacterial consortium (HR‐1 & HR‐5) from these two bacteria was used to increase the production of the protease enzyme under various conditions, including fermentation media, carbon and nitrogen sources (1% w/v), different pH levels, incubation time, and the obtained enzyme, were detected using SDS‐PAGE followed by purification. Bacterial consortium HR‐1 & HR‐5 exhibited maximum protease production (330.42 ± 4.47 U/mL) than the individual isolates HR‐1 (156.32 ± 2.14 U/mL) and HR‐5 (185.73 ± 5.14 U/mL) on supplementing peptone (1% w/v), 2.8% skim milk + N‐broth, pH 9, and dextrose (1% w/v) after 48 h of incubation time. The purified enzyme showed increased activity at alkaline pH 9.0 and also in the presence of ions such as Ca+2, Fe+3, Mg+2, and Mn+2. The purified protease obtained from the consortium HR‐1 and HR‐5 shows improved efficiency for stain removal from cloth as well as high keratinolytic efficiency for poultry feather degradation, making this enzyme suitable for industrial use, particularly in the textile and tannery sectors.
An optimal bioenergy system design framework based on the water‐energy‐agriculture nexus
Authors: Dhanraj Rashi , Shastri Yogendra 
Published: December 2024

AbstractScaling biomass‐to‐ethanol systems in water‐stressed regions is challenging, particularly considering the impacts of climate change. This study presents an optimization model that incorporates agricultural cropping patterns as a decision variable alongside the design of lignocellulosic biorefinery systems. The model aims to identify configurations that prevent overexploitation of regional water resources. Building on a basic optimization framework previously developed for India, this work refines and extends the formulation. Key decision variables include district‐level cropping patterns for selected crops, as well as the location, size, and biomass collection strategies of biorefineries to produce ethanol. Four different objectives capture the environmental and socio‐economic dimensions of the problem. Regional precipitation is taken as the input, and surface and groundwater availability are modeled as a function of precipitation. A novel aspect of this work is the introduction of simplified linear relationships between groundwater recharge and precipitation, as well as between surface runoff and precipitation, considering regional variations in soil type, slope, and crop type. The model is applied to a case study of Maharashtra, India. The minimum ethanol production cost is ₹47/L ($ 0.56/L), and the maximum farmers' profit is approximately ₹33 550/ha ($ 400.11/ha). A 40% reduction in precipitation due to climate change can double the total irrigation water requirements. The Central Maharashtra Plateau is identified as the most important agroclimatic zone in the state. An increased ethanol blending target increases ethanol costs and reduces farmers' profits. The model can be used as a decision support tool to design the bioenergy system while staying within regional water resource sustainability constraints.
Nicorandil Ameliorates Depression‐Like Behaviors After Traumatic Brain Injury by Suppressing Ferroptosis Through the SLC7A11/GPX4 Axis in the Hippocampus
Authors: Tu Yao‐Ran , Tan Ming , Li Yao , Hong De‐Quan , Niu Fan 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionDepression is a prevalent and significant psychological consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Ferroptosis, an iron‐dependent form of regulated cell death, exacerbates the neurological damage associated with TBI. This study investigates whether nicorandil, a potassium channel opener with nitrate‐like properties known for its antioxidative and neuroprotective effects, can mitigate depression‐like behaviors following TBI by modulating ferroptosis.MethodsA controlled cortical impact (CCI) device was used to establish the TBI model. Depression‐like behaviors in rats were assessed using the sucrose preference test (SPT), the tail suspension test (TST), and the forced swimming test (FST). The antioxidant system, lipid peroxidation, and ferroptosis levels were evaluated. The SLC7A11/GPX4 axis was analyzed using quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) and Western blot analysis.ResultsNicorandil administration significantly ameliorated depression‐like behaviors in rats with TBI. Nicorandil administration also effectively restored the antioxidant system, substantially reduced lipid peroxidation, and attenuated ferroptosis in the hippocampus of rats with TBI. Mechanistically, nicorandil administration promoted the SLC7A11/GPX4 axis in the hippocampus of rats with TBI. Crucially, knockdown of hippocampal SLC7A11 abrogated the protective effects of nicorandil on depression‐like behaviors, lipid peroxidation, and ferroptosis in the hippocampus of rats with TBI.ConclusionThese findings indicate that nicorandil ameliorates depression‐like behaviors following TBI by inhibiting hippocampal ferroptosis through the activation of the SLC7A11/GPX4 axis.
Dual‐threshold effect of resources and governance on the role of regulations in green innovation: Novel insights from a four‐regime panel approach
Authors: Tang Pengcheng , Liu Xuan , Mi Lili , Wang Guolin , Wang Junyu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDiverging from existing literature that predominantly examines the individual impacts of environmental regulations, financial resources, and governance focus on green innovation, our study introduces an innovative theoretical framework based on institutional theory, resource‐based view, and attention‐based view to elucidate the collective interplay of these factors in “going green.” Employing a state‐of‐the‐art threshold regression with two threshold variables, our empirical results highlight that only when critical values for both financial resources and governance focus on environmental concerns are simultaneously achieved, does the negative influence of environmental regulations on green innovation transform into a positive effect. Furthermore, less than 10% of observations enter the corresponding threshold interval, with financial resources acting as a peripheral condition in contrast to the central role of governance focus. These findings have significant practical implications for the implementation of environmental regulations and green financial policies, particularly in China and similar emerging economies, where governmental intervention remains pivotal in environmental stewardship.