bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and Acceptability of Transcutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Bladder Storage Symptoms Among People with Multiple Sclerosis.
Authors: Dandan Hawra , Galvin Rose , Robinson Katie , McClurg Doreen , Coote Susan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction is an abnormality in the presence of underlying neurologic disease. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that storage phase symptoms are the predominant symptoms among people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation (TTNS) is a non-invasive treatment for bladder storage symptoms; however, the potential efficacy of stimulation among PwMS is based on a small number of studies with the absence of high-quality evidence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of TTNS in PwMS using an affordable transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) unit.Methods: A total of 23 participants with MS enrolled in the study. The primary outcomes included recruitment/retention rate, completion of the outcomes and the intervention, adherence to the protocol, adverse events, and acceptability of the intervention. The primary outcomes were assessed using diaries and satisfaction questionnaire. The secondary outcomes included changes in urinary symptoms and quality of life assessed using a set of validated outcome measures including 3- day bladder diary, PPIUS, ICIQ-OAB, and KHQ at baseline and post-intervention. Results: 20 participants completed the study. Three participants (13.04%) withdrew. All 20 participants completed the 6-week intervention and all the outcome measures (100%), with no reported adverse events. Participants were satisfied and found the unit acceptable. 3-day bladder diary showed changes in urinary frequency from a daily median of 10 times to 8 times and daily median urgency changed from 6 times at baseline to 2 times post-intervention. PPIUS showed changes in daily median sever urgency from 3 points (IQR=4) to 1 point (IQR=1) post-intervention. ICIQ-OAB total scores changed from 8 points (IQR=2.25) to 4 points (IQR=2.5) post-intervention. Median and mean scores of KHQ showed a clinical meaningful change of QoL in part-two and part-three of the questionnaire. Conclusions: TTNS is feasible, safe, and acceptable for PwMS. Changes of urinary symptoms scores and QoL post-intervention suggested improvements. Future implications need to consider the treatment protocol including frequency of treatment sessions, duration of treatment, and the electrical stimulation parameters as well as the outcome measures followed in the current study for the implementation of the future pilot RCT.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04528784). Registered 27 August 2020, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/LoginUser?ts=1&cx=-jg9qo4
Pulmonary Nodular Lymphoid Hyperplasia in a 53-year-old Man With Malignant Sign: a Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Yang Zhen , Wei Lianshuang , Li Xu , Liu Xin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia (PNLH) is a rare benign illness. Due to atypical clinical and radiographic presentations, diagnosis largely depends on postoperative pathological examination. Thus, preoperative misdiagnosis is often occurred. Case presentation: We present a case of asymptomatic PNLH that was seen as ground-glass opacity (GGO) on computed tomography (CT). After 3-year observation, the diagnosis tends to adenocarcinoma owing to increasing density of the node and vessel convergence sign, which were signs of malignancy. Video-assisted segmentectomy (S10) was carried out. Histopathologic examination of postoperative specimen showed follicular lymphoid hyperplasia with interfollicular lymphoplasmacytosis, consistent with PNLH. The follow-up chest CT images showed no recurrence or metastasis.Conclusion: Although it is a benign disease, PNLH can exhibit malignant signs in the imaging examinations, which could lead to misdiagnosis. This reminds us of the uncertainty between imaging findings and diagnosis. The diagnosis depends on postoperative pathological examination. Surgical resection is not only diagnostic but also curative.
Health-related Quality of Life and Insulin Resistance: a Longitudinal Study
Authors: Nijole Kazukauskiene , Aurelija Podlipskyte , Giedrius Varoneckas , Narseta Mickuviene 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate insulin resistance (IR) in association with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among citizens of Palanga in a ten years follow-up. A randomized epidemiological study was performed out for 835 subjects. All study participants were evaluated according to for socio-demographic characteristics, behavioral factors, HRQoL and self-perceived health using questionnaires. Fasting blood samples were draw from all participants and biochemical tests were performed for the glucose, insulin. IR was evaluated by the homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR). In subjects with IR, after adjusting with various factors, logistic regression analysis showed, that within 10 years, a significantly higher chance of deteriorating HRQoL in the areas of: physical functioning (odss ratio [OR] = 1.15, p < 0.001), emotional role limitations (OR = 1.07, p = 0.034), social functioning (OR = 1.26, p = 0.004), pain (OR = 1.09, p = 0.005) and general health perception (OR = 1.07, p = 0.022). People with IR have a worse HRQoL and as they age, they are significantly more likely to have a deterioration in their HRQoL compared to people without IR in the areas of physical functioning, emotional role limitations, social functioning, pain and general health perception.
Simultaneous Detection of Velogenic Genotype XIII 2.2 Avian Avulavirus Type 1 (AAvV-1) From Spot-billed Pelican and Backyard Chicken: Implications to the Viral Maintenance and Spread
Authors: Balam Deepthi , Ratnamma D , Isloor Shrikrishna , BM Veeregowda , Himaja M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The present study demonstrates simultaneous isolation of genetically similar velogenic Avian Avula virus-1 from an apparently healthy spot- billed pelican and a naturally infected backyard chicken in the adjacent vicinity. A total of fourty eight cloacal swab samples from migratory birds (Painted storks, n=32 and Spot billed pelicans, n=16) at the Telineelapuram bird sanctuary in Andhra Pradesh, India and tissue samples of dead backyard chicken were collected. Two isolates were recovered, one each from a spot billed pelican (MIG-9) and a dead chicken (SKLM-1). The isolates were confirmed as velogenic based on mean death time, intra cerebral pathogenicity index and the putative fusion protein cleavage site (113R-R-K-R-F117). Phylogenetic analysis based on full- length fusion and attachment (HN) proteins classified the isolates into genotype XIII, sub- genotype 2.2. Sequence analysis revealed that the pelican and chicken isolates were 100% identical. The study isolates demonstrated multiple amino acid substitutions at several critical domains of F and HN proteins when compared with the current vaccine strains. Pathogenic and transmission potential of the AAvV-1 isolates was evaluated in three- week old chicken and the isolates proved to be highly virulent to chicken. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evidence for the role of spot-billed pelicans in the maintenance of virulent AAvV-1 and its transmission to chicken. This study further highlights the role of wild birds in AAvV-1 transmission and the need for enhanced biosecurity in commercial poultry operations.
Halogen Free Flame-Retardant Glass Fiber Reinforced PA 66 / PPO Alloys
Authors: Zhang Zhenya , Cai Kunpeng , Guo Yaxin , Liu Xiaohua , He Suqin , Liu Hao , Huang Miaoming , Yang Mingcheng , Liu Wentao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Halogen-free flame retardants are ideal plastic additives that meet carbon neutral requirements. In this work, halogen free flame retardant with glass fiber reinforced PA66/PPO composites were prepared by using coated red phosphorus (FRM-150B) and phosphorus-silicon flame retardant (WR6002). The mechanical properties, heat resistance, friction and wear properties and flame retardancy were carried out to evaluate the performances of composites using as structural parts that require heat resistance, dimensional stability and accuracy. It was found that the friction coefficient and wear volume of the composites were improved with the contents of glass fiber increased, as a result, PA66/PPO composites was obtained with excellent comprehensive performance when the content of compatilizer is 7%, the glass fiber was 30%, the content of FRM is 8% and the phosphorous-silicon flame retardant is 16%. The flame retardant effect of FRM-150B and WR6002 in PA66/PPO was presented in the condensed phase, the results showed that the composite material with 16% WR6002 forms a carbon layer with excellent thermal stability. On the other hand, the mechanical properties of composites were hardly affected, has important prospects in automotive components and household appliances
LCZ696 Attenuates ROS/NLRP3 Mediated Pyroptosis in Trastuzumab-induced H9C2 Cell Model Via Ameliorating Sirt3 Expression
Authors: ZANG Yanxiang , BAI Nan , LOU Qi , LIU Guangzhong , WANG Hong , DUAN Yuchen , LI Jianqiang , LI Weimin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Trastuzumab-induced cardiomyopathy have been a kind of clinical crucial problems in the field of cardio-oncology. LCZ696, clinically named sacubitril/valsartan, was administered to treat the patients with heart failure, so that it may be a substantial prevention to attenuate chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. We firstly confirmed that LCZ696 and trastuzumab can affect the content of Sirt3 and NLRP3 in H9C2 cell, which confirmed the concentration of LCZ696 (10μM) and trastuzumab (100nM). Then H9C2 cells were allocated into 3 groups: (1) Con group; (2) TRA group; (3) TRA+LCZ696 group. We investigated the change of mRNA expression and protein synthesis of cultured H9c2 cardiocardiomyocytes on exposure to trastuzumab alone or plus LCZ696. Meanwhile, it turns out that LCZ696 can ameliorate the mRNA expression and content of Sirt3, inhibit the level of ROS, NLRP3, ACS, Caspase-1 and IL-1β in trastuzumab-induced H9C2 cell model. In summary, LCZ696 reduces the oxidative stress caused by ROS and NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis by protecting the activity of Sirt3 in H9C2 cells.
Oxidative Stress and Motion Sickness during Offshore Sailing
Authors: Giacon Tommaso Antonio , Bosco Gerardo , Vezzoli Alessandra , Dellanoce Cinzia , Cialoni Danilo , Paganini Matteo , Mrakic-Sposta Simona 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Offshore Ocean Sailing is a highly demanding activity in which subjects are exposed to psychophysical stressors for a long time. To better define the physiological adaptations, we investigated the stress response of subjects exposed to 3-days long ocean navigation with disruption of circadian rhythms.Methods: 6 male subjects were involved in the study and provided urine and saliva samples before setting sail, during a single day of inshore sailing, during 3-days long ocean navigation, and at the arrival, to measure oxidative stress, cortisol, nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) and metabolic response. Motion Sickness questionnaires were also administered.Results: The crew suffered a mean weight loss of 1.58 Kg. After the long navigation, a significant increase in ROS production and decreased antioxidant capacity and uric acid levels were observed. Lipid peroxidation, NOx, ketones, creatinine, and neopterin levels were also increased. A significant increase in cortisol levels was recorded, but no correlation was found with motion sickness questionnaires that were instead correlated with the rise of NOx.Conclusions: physical and psychological stress response derived from offshore sailing resulted in increased oxidative stress, nitric oxide metabolites, and cortisol levels, unbalanced redox status, transient renal function impairment, and ketosis. A direct correlation between motion sickness symptoms evaluated through questionnaires and NOx levels was also found.
A Fast Engineering Method for Estimating Iron Losses in Induction Type Motor Spindles Based on Equivalent Magnetic Circuit
Authors: Lü Lang , Xiong Wanli , Hu Can 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The iron losses in the motor of motorized spindles have a significant effect on the heat generation, working efficiency, and speed-torque characteristics of motorized spindles as well as on their thermal deformation and machining accuracy. The existing finite element and analytical methods based on Maxwell’s equations are too complicated to be suitable for engineering designers. A fast engineering method for estimating iron losses in the spindle motor is presented based on equivalent magnetic circuit (EMC) where the problem of solving a complex electromagnetic field inside the spindle motor is simplified into a simple magnetic circuit calculation by the assumption that the magnetic flux density distribution of any cross section along the magnetic flux direction in the spindle motor is uniform. The EMC is combined with the Boglietti’s model. They are integrated into a developed program by compiling source codes to achieve the analysis and prediction of iron losses in the spindle motor. The results obtained from the proposed method are compared with the prototype experiment data to verify its validity. With the purpose of ensuring accurate experiment results of iron losses, a method of no load running combined with a sudden loss of power supply is proposed to eliminate the braking torque and electromagnetic losses of the spindle motor, namely to achieve the separation of the mechanical loss from the total losses.
Association Between Smoking Cessation and Obstructive Spirometry Pattern: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Yoon Yeo Jun , Lee Myung Soo , Jang Kyu Won , Ahn Jae Bum , Hurh Kyungduk , Park Eun-Cheol 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Smoking cessation aids in restoring lung function. However, whether long-term cessation can fully restore lung function has not been studied thoroughly, especially in Asian countries. This study aimed to evaluate the association between smoking cessation status and obstructive spirometry pattern among Koreans aged 40–79 years. In total, 6,298 men and 8,088 women aged 40–79 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015–2019) were analyzed for smoking cessation status, including the duration after quitting. Current-smokers showed a higher likelihood of having an obstructive spirometry pattern than never-smokers among both men (odds ratio [OR]: 3.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.32–4.29) and women (OR: 2.60, 95% CI: 1.59–4.23). In men, the effect tended to decrease with longer duration after cessation, but male ex-smokers who had quit smoking ≥ 20 years ago still showed a higher likelihood of having an obstructive spirometry pattern than male never-smokers (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.05–1.89). In female ex-smokers, there was no significant association with the obstructive spirometry pattern, compared to that in female never-smokers. This study emphasizes the benefits of smoking cessation, possibility of long-lasting harm to lung function due to tobacco smoking, and importance of smoking prevention.
Early Overexpression of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 can Affect Oxidate Stress After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: gao xuan , wu lingyun , gao yongyue , peng zheng , liu xunzhi , chen xiangxin , gao sen , xu huajie , zhang qingrong , hang chunhua , zhuang zong , Li Wei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), a key enzyme on the mitochondrial outer membrane, has been found to decrease activity notably in early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). It has been demonstrated that PDH is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Hence, in this study, we aimed to determine the cause of the decreased PDH activity and explore the potential role of PDH in EBI. We investigated the expression changes of PDH and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) in vivo and in vitro. Then, we explored the possible effects of PDH and ROS after SAH. The results showed that early overexpression of PDK4 promoted the phosphorylation of PDH, inhibited PDH activity and may play a protective role after SAH in vivo and in vitro. Finally, we investigated the levels of PDK4 and pyruvate, which accumulated due to decreased PDH activity, in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 34 patients with SAH. Statistical analysis revealed that PDK4 and pyruvate expression was elevated in the CSF of SAH patients compared with that of controls, and this high expression correlated with the degree of neurological impairment and long-term outcome. Taken together, the results show that PDK4 has the potential to serve as a new therapeutic target and biomarker for assisting in the diagnosis of SAH severity and prediction of recovery.
Effect of Flash Glucose Monitoring in T1DM Patients with Multiple Daily Insulin Injections:Improved HbA1C and Reduced Glycemic Variability
Authors: ZHANG Wenhui , LIU Yu , SUN Baosheng , SHEN Yanjun , LI Ming , PENG Lanbo , DUAN Honggang , SU Xudong , LU Shaoxia , TIAN Xiaoqin , Tian Yaqiang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Flash glucose monitoring(FGM) was introduced to China in 2016 and it might improve HbA1C and reduce glycemic variability for T1DM therapy.Methods: A total of 146 patients were recruited from October 2018 to September 2019 in Liaocheng. Patients were randomly divided into FGM group or self-monitoring blood glucose(SMBG) group. Both groups wore the FGM for multiple 2 week periods, beginning with the 1st, 24th, and 48th week for gathering data,while blood samples were collected for HbA1c measurement. The dietary guidance and insulin dose adjustment were made in FGM group patients according to the dynamic blood glucose monitoring map as well as SMBG group patients according to SMBG measurements 3-4 times daily. All of the participants would insist on SMBG measurements in the days without wearing the FGM device. At the final visit, HbA1C,time in range(TIR),the duration of hypoglycemia and numbers of diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA) were taken as the main observational indexes.Results: There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics of the two groups. At 24 week,HbA1c level of FGM gruop was (8.16±1.03)%,much lower than that of SMBG group(8.68±1.01)%(p<0.05).Interquartile range(IQR),mean blood glucose(MBG),duration of hypoglycemia of FGM group also showed significant decline, compared with SMBG group(p<0.05),while TIR displayed apparently increase in FGM group [(49.39±17.54)% vs (42.44±15.49)%] (p<0.05). At 48 week,the differences were more pronounced (p<0.01).There was no observed change in the number of episodes of DKA when study was finished [(0. 25±0. 50) vs (0. 28±0. 51),P＝0.75].Conclusion: Intermittent use of FGM in T1DM patients can improve HbA1c and glycemic control without increasing hypoglycemic exposure in insulin-treated type 1 diabetes individuals in the undeveloped country.
Oxidative Stress and Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Patients with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Klisic Aleksandra , Kavaric Nebojsa , Ninic Ana , Kotur-Stevuljevic Jelena 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: Oxidative stress is assumed to be the underlying feature of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To our knowledge, the mutual involvement of redox status homeostasis parameters [i.e., advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS) and oxidative-stress index (OSI)] and cardiometabolic biomarkers in subjects with NAFLD has not been examined yet. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate this potential relationship.Patients and Methods: A total of 122 subjects with NAFLD were compared with 56 participants without NAFLD. The diagnosis of NAFLD was confirmed by abdominal ultrasound. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured. OSI, Castelli’s Risk Index I (CRI-I) and Castelli’s Risk Index II (CRI-II) were calculated. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were used to test the associations between oxidative stress and cardiometabolic markers, respectively and NAFLD. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to explore its mutual effect on NAFLD status.Results: Significant positive associations of CRI-I, CRI-II, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and AOPP with NAFLD were found. PCA analysis extracted 3 significant factors: Oxidative stress-cardiometabolic related factor (i.e., triglycerides, AOPP, HDL-c and HbA1c)-explained 36% of variance; Pro-oxidants related factor (i.e., TOS and PAB)-explained 17% of variance; and Antioxidants related factor (i.e., TAS)-explained 15% of variance of the tested parameters. Moreover, binary logistic regression analysis revealed significant predictive ability of Oxidative stress-cardiometabolic related factor (p<0.001) and Pro-oxidants related factor (p<0.05) towards NAFLD status.Conclusion: In addition to oxidative stress (i.e., determined by higher AOPP levels), dyslipidemia (i.e., determined by higher lipid indexes: CRI-I and CRI-II) and inflammation (determined by higher hsCRP) are independently related to NAFLD status. The mutual involvement of pro-oxidants (i.e., TOS and PAB), or the joint involvement of pro-oxidants (i.e., AOPP) and cardiometabolic parameters (i.e., HbA1c, triglycerides and HDL-c) can differentiate subjects with NAFLD from those individuals without this metabolic disorder. New studies are needed to validate our results in order to find the best therapeutic approach for NAFLD.
Visualizing Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1(S1P1) Signaling During Central Nervous System De- and Re-Myelination
Authors: Hashemi Ezzat , Tsai Hsing-Chuan , Yoseph Ezra , Moreno Monica , Yeh Li-Hao , Mehta Shalin B , Kono Mari , Proia Richard , Han May Htwe 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) mediated by aberrant immune responses. The current immune modulatory therapies are unable to protect and repair the brain damage caused by the immune attack. One of the therapeutic targets for MS is the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) pathways, which signals via sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors 1-5 (S1P1-5), in the CNS and immune cells. In light of the potential neuro-protective properties of S1P signaling, we utilized the S1P1-GFP (Green fluorescent protein) reporter mice in the cuprizone-induced-demyelination model, to investigate the in vivo S1P- S1P1 signaling in the CNS. We observed S1P1 signaling in a subset of neural stem cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) during demyelination. Additionally, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in the SVZ and mature oligodendrocytes in the medial corpus callosum (MCC) expressed S1P1 signaling during remyelination. We did not observe S1P1 signaling in neurons and astrocytes in the cuprizone model. This approach was unable to determine S1P1-GFP signaling in the myeloid cells because of their aberrant GFP expression in GFP reporter mice. Significant S1P1 signaling was observed in lymphocytes during demyelination and inflammation. Our findings reveal β-arrestin dependent S1P1 signaling in oligodendrocyte lineage cells, indicating a role of S1P1 signaling during remyelination.