bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model studies of a prototype of a small multifunctional ekranoplan
Authors: Грибов К.В. , Федореев Г.А. , Журенко А.Ю. 
Published: December 2021

Использование экранопланов в различных климатических условиях, как многофункционального транспортного средства, обладающего амфибийными свойствами, позволяет решить множество задач на водном пространстве. Для труднодоступных территорий России экранопланы могут обеспечить доступность прибрежных населенных пунктов, расширив использование водного транспорта в межсезонье и при организации транспортных линий в зимний период или в Арктике. В статье рассмотрены результаты исследований по созданию лёгкого 2х-местного амфибийного экраноплана-трансформера для круглогодичного индивидуального и служебного использования в отсутствие транспортной инфраструктуры. Разрабатываемое транспортное средство будет объединять несколько принципов движения, адаптированных к различным условиям эксплуатации: по льду, снегу, воде, над водой посредством его конструктивной трансформации в аэросани, аэроглиссер и экраноплан для обеспечения конкурентного преимущества на потребительском рынке индивидуального водного транспорта. Выполнены работы по оптимизации аэродинамических схем трансформера с использованием продувок экспериментальных аэротрубных моделей и математического 3D моделирования. Акцент сделан на решении вопроса достижения максимального аэрогидродинамического качества.
The use of ekranoplans in various climatic conditions as a multifunctional vehicle with amphibious properties makes it possible to solve key tasks on water areas. For remote territories of Russia, ekranoplans can maintain accessibility of coastal settlements, expanding the use of water transport in the off-season and when organizing transport lines in the winter and in the Arctic. The article discusses the results of research on the construction of a light 2-seater amphibious transformer ekranoplan for year-round personal and official use in the absence of transport infrastructure. The vehicle under development will combine several principles of movement adapted to various operating conditions: on ice, snow, water, over water - by means of its constructive transformation into an aerosled, an airboat and an ekranoplan to provide a competitive advantage in the consumer market for individual water transport. Work has been done to optimize aerodynamic schemes of the transformer using virtual blowdowns of experimental wind tunnel models based on mathematical 3D modeling. The emphasis is placed on solving the issue of achieving maximum aero- and hydrodynamic quality.
Study of the structure and frictional properties of a new composite friction material
Authors: Башков О.В. , Афанасьева А.А. 
Published: December 2021

В статье приведены результаты исследования фрикционных свойств и структуры нового композиционного фрикционного материала (КФМ). В ходе исследования были разработаны восемь перспективных составов КФМ, полученных методом порошковой металлургии. Фрикционные испытания новых материалов проводились на испытательной машине на трение и износ ИИ5018, оснащённой программным комплексом Tester 3.0, позволяющим точно фиксировать изменение момента трения в течение испытания с построением графика и автоматическим расчётом параметров трения. Методика испытаний позволила имитировать условия фрикционного взаимодействия, возникающие в муфтах электроприводов, применяемых в наземном и морском транспорте. По результатам испытаний оценивались величина коэффициента трения и его стабильность на протяжении цикла испытания и в диапазоне рабочих регулировок электропривода, а также износостойкость КФМ. На основании исследований структуры поверхности трения и качественной оценки стабильности коэффициента трения был определён оптимальный состав КФМ, способный обеспечить стабильную и безопасную работу электропривода в диапазоне рабочих регулировок.
The article presents the results of a study of the frictional properties and structure of a new composite frictional material (CFM). In the course of the study, eight promising CFM compositions were developed, obtained by the method of powder metallurgy. Friction tests were carried out on a friction and wear testing machine II5018, equipped with the software package Tester 3.0, which allows registering the change in friction moment during the test with plotting and automatic calculation of friction parameters. The test technique made it possible to simulate the conditions of frictional interaction arising in the couplings of electric drives used in land and sea transport. After the tests, the value of the friction coefficient, its stability during the test cycle and in the range of operating adjustments of the electric drive and the wear resistance of the CFM were evaluated. Based on the analysis of the structure of the friction surface and a qualitative assessment of the stability of the coefficient of friction, the optimal composition of the CFM capable of ensuring stable and safe operation of the electric drive in the range of operating adjustments was determined.
Checking the adequacy of polynomial dependencies of a single-phase asynchronous motor without external phase-shifting devices for ship automation systems
Authors: Каракаев А.Б. , Костенко А.В. 
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена сравнению результатов расчётов полиномиальных зависимостей однофазного асинхронного двигателя, полученных с использованием методов планирования эксперимента, с математической моделью построенной с помощью программ на ЭВМ на языке программирования Python. Актуальность работы заключается в том, что задачи аппроксимационного типа не всегда возможно решить, используя ЭВМ, поэтому исследователи часто применяют методы планирования эксперименты для решения таких задач и после уже стоят математическую модель на ЭВМ и проверяют адекватность полученных результатов. В результате в статье авторами предоставляется план проверки адекватности полиномиальных зависимостей однофазного асинхронного электродвигателя без внешних фазосдвигающих устройств для систем судовой автоматики. По итогу выполненной работы авторы приходят к выводу об адекватности построенной математической модели на ЭВМ с использованием языка программирования Python.
The article is devoted to the comparison of the results of calculations of polynomial dependencies of a single-phase asynchronous motor, obtained using methods of experiment planning, with a mathematical model built using computer programs in the Python programming language.
The relevance of the work lies in the fact that problems of the approximation type are not always possible to solve using a computer, therefore, researchers often use methods of planning experiments to solve such problems and after that they already have a mathematical model on a computer and check the adequacy of the results obtained. As a result, the authors provide a plan for checking the adequacy of the polynomial dependencies of a single-phase asynchronous electric motor without external phase-shifting devices for ship automation systems.
As a result of the work performed, the authors come to the conclusion about the adequacy of the constructed mathematical model on a computer using the Python programming language.
MOTIVATIONAL CONDITIONALITY OF CLASSES MASS PHYSICAL CULTURE AMONG STUDENTS
Authors: Мурашева Мария Викторовна 
Published: December 2021

Данная статья посвящена проблеме мотивации к физической активности студенческой молодежи. Сегодняшний уровень урбанизации, научно-технического прогресса, комфорта является причиной хронического «двигательного голода». Студенческой молодежи это касается в особенности, т.к. нынешние студенты - это основной трудовой резерв нашей страны, это будущие родители, и их здоровье и благополучие является залогом здоровья и благополучия всей нации. В связи с этим огромное значение и актуальность приобретает изучение интересов и потребностей современной молодежи в сфере физической культуры и разработка методов мотивационного стимулирования.
This article is devoted to the problem of motivation for physical activity of students. The current level of urbanization, scientific and technological progress, comfort is the cause of chronic "motor hunger".This is especially true for students, because current students are the main labor reserve of our country, they are future parents, and their health and well-being is the key to the health and well-being of the entire nation. In this regard, the study of the interests and needs of modern youth in the field of physical culture and the development of methods of motivational stimulation are of great importance and relevance.
Education and ‘Civilization’
Authors: Takó Ferenc 
Published: December 2021

Studies on the transformation of the Japanese educational system in the Meiji period usually emphasise the intensity of reforms and their comprehensive character. In the framework of the present study, I will briefly summarise the central aspects of this transformation, then turn to the examination of the tension manifested in Meiji period discourses on education. This is a tension that emerges when one compares the interpretation of the Meiji era as the introduction of ‘enlightened’ Western liberalism with the ideology of centralised reform, far from being as liberal as reported by Meiji period intellectuals themselves. I draw attention to this tension as manifested in the purposes of Meiji educational reforms, then I turn to the analysis of the education of women as a central question in terms of the interpretation of the family in Meiji Japan. The analysis is based on the writings of the leading intellectuals of the time, basically their essays published in the famous journal of the 1870s, Meiroku Zasshi 明六雑誌.
Teaching Culture through Language
Authors: Nguyen Krisztina 
Published: December 2021

One socio-cultural aspect of the Korean language that foreign learners may encounter early is the extensive use of kinship terms in communicative situations. Korean kinship terms are carriers of important cultural information, thus misunderstandings or even breakdowns in communication are likely to happen if one lacks exposure to the cultural conceptualizations of these terms. Following the paradigm shift towards emphasizing intercultural communicative competence development in foreign language classrooms, the present study explores why teaching kinship terms in a Korean language classroom is important. The study presents an overview of the kinship terminological system and its relation to the cultural concepts and value system of Koreans, examines the current teaching situation of kinship terms primarily through language textbooks, and considers specific aspects that may affect the teaching of these terms. The study finds that insufficient attention is given to kinship terms, even though they are one of the most frequently used terms of address and reference. It is proposed that greater emphasis should be given to teaching kinship terms; furthermore, it is suggested that teachers should actively guide students to acquire the essential cultural knowledge about kinship terms.
SN 2018agk: A Prototypical Type Ia Supernova with a Smooth Power-law Rise in Kepler (K2)
Authors: Wang Qinan , Rest Armin , Zenati Yossef , Ridden-Harper Ryan , Dimitriadis Georgios , Narayan Gautham , Villar V. Ashley , Magee Mark R. , Foley Ryan J. , Shaya Edward J. , Garnavich Peter , Wang Lifan , Hu Lei , Bódi Attila , Armstrong Patrick , Auchettl Katie , Barclay Thomas , Barentsen Geert , Bognár Zsófia , Brimacombe Joseph , Bulger Joanna , Burke Jamison , Challis Peter , Chambers Kenneth , Coulter David A. , Csörnyei Géza , Cseh Borbála , Deckers Maxime , Dotson Jessie L. , Galbany Lluís , González-Gaitán Santiago , Gromadzki Mariusz , Gully-Santiago Michael , Hanyecz Ottó , Hedges Christina , Hiramatsu Daichi , Hosseinzadeh Griffin , Howell D. Andrew , Howell Steve B. , Huber Mark E. , Jha Saurabh W. , Jones David O. , Könyves-Tóth Réka , Kalup Csilla , Kilpatrick Charles D. , Kriskovics Levente , Li Wenxiong , Lowe Thomas B , Margheim Steven , McCully Curtis , Mitra Ayan , Muñoz Jose A. , Nicholl Matt , Nordin Jakob , Pál András , Pan Yen-Chen , Piro Anthony L. , Rest Sofia , Rino-Silvestre João , Rojas-Bravo César , Sárneczky Krisztián , Siebert Matthew R. , Smartt Stephen J. , Smith Ken , Sódor Ádám , Stritzinger Maximilian D. , Szabó Róbert , Szakáts Róbert , Tucker Brad E. , Vinkó József , Wang Xiaofeng , Wheeler J. Craig , Young David R. , Zenteno Alfredo , Zhang KaiCheng , Zsidi Gabriella 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We present the 30 minutes cadence Kepler/K2 light curve of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) SN 2018agk, covering approximately one week before explosion, the full rise phase, and the decline until 40 days after peak. We additionally present ground-based observations in multiple bands within the same time range, including the 1 day cadence DECam observations within the first ∼5 days after the first light. The Kepler early light curve is fully consistent with a single power-law rise, without evidence of any bump feature. We compare SN 2018agk with a sample of other SNe Ia without early excess flux from the literature. We find that SNe Ia without excess flux have slowly evolving early colors in a narrow range (g − i ≈ −0.20 ± 0.20 mag) within the first ∼10 days. On the other hand, among SNe Ia detected with excess, SN 2017cbv and SN 2018oh tend to be bluer, while iPTF16abc’s evolution is similar to normal SNe Ia without excess in g − i. We further compare the Kepler light curve of SN 2018agk with companion-interaction models, and rule out the existence of a typical nondegenerate companion undergoing Roche lobe overflow at viewing angles smaller than 45°.
Convective Overshooting in Extreme Horizontal-branch Stars Using MESA with the k-omega Model*
Authors: Li 李 Zhi 志 , Li 李 Yan 焱 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
To explore overshoot mixing beyond the convective core in core helium-burning stars, we use the k−ω model, which is incorporated into the Modules of Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics to investigate overshoot mixing in the evolution of subdwarf B (sdB) stars. Our results show that the development of the convective core can be divided into three stages. The mass of the convective core increases monotonically when the radiative temperature gradient, ∇rad, monotonically decreases outwardly, and overshoot mixing presents an exponential decay similar to Herwig. The splitting of the convective core occurs repeatedly when the minimum value of ∇rad near the convective boundary is smaller than the adiabatic temperature gradient, ∇ad. The mass at the outer boundary of the convective shell M
sc can exceed 0.2 M
⊙ after the central helium abundance drops to about Y
c ≈ 0.45. It is close to the convective core masses derived by asteroseismology for younger models (0.22 to ∼0.28 M
⊙). In the final stage, “core breathing pulses” occurred two or three times. Helium was injected into the convective core by overshoot mixing and increased the lifetime of sdB stars. The mass of the mixed region M
mixed can rise to 0.303 M
⊙ by the end. The oxygen content in the central core of our g-mode sdB models is about 80% by mass. The high amounts of oxygen deduced from asteroseismology may be evidence supporting the existence of core breathing pulses.
Architecture of Planetary Systems Predicted from Protoplanetary Disks Observed with ALMA. I. Mass of the Possible Planets Embedded in the Dust Gap
Authors: Wang 汪 Shijie 士杰 , Kanagawa 金川 Kazuhiro D. 和弘 , Suto 須 Yasushi 藤靖 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Recent ALMA observations have identified a variety of dust gaps in protoplanetary disks, which are commonly interpreted to be generated by unobserved planets. Predicting mass of such embedded planets is of fundamental importance in comparing those disk architectures with the observed diversity of exoplanets. The prediction, however, depends on the assumption that whether the same gap structure exists in the dust component alone or in the gas component as well. We assume a planet can only open a gap in the gas component when its mass exceeds the pebble isolation mass by considering the core-accretion scenario. We then propose two criteria to distinguish if a gap is opened in the dust disk alone or the gas gap as well when observation data on the gas profile is not available. We apply the criteria to 35 disk systems with a total of 55 gaps compiled from previous studies and classify each gap into four different groups. The classification of the observed gaps allows us to predict the mass of embedded planets in a consistent manner with the pebble isolation mass. We find that outer gaps are mostly dust alone, while inner gaps are more likely to be associated with a gas gap as well. The distribution of such embedded planets is very different from the architecture of the observed planetary systems, suggesting that significant inward migration is required in their evolution.
Spatially Separated Electron and Proton Beams in a Simulated Solar Coronal Jet
Authors: Pallister Ross , Wyper Peter F. , Pontin David I. , DeVore C. Richard , Chiti Federica 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Magnetic reconnection is widely accepted to be a major contributor to nonthermal particle acceleration in the solar atmosphere. In this paper we investigate particle acceleration during the impulsive phase of a coronal jet, which involves bursty reconnection at a magnetic null point. A test-particle approach is employed, using electromagnetic fields from a magnetohydrodynamic simulation of such a jet. Protons and electrons are found to be accelerated nonthermally both downwards toward the domain’s lower boundary and the solar photosphere, and outwards along the axis of the coronal jet and into the heliosphere. A key finding is that a circular ribbon of particle deposition on the photosphere is predicted, with the protons and electrons concentrated in different parts of the ribbon. Furthermore, the outgoing protons and electrons form two spatially separated beams parallel to the axis of the jet, signatures that may be observable in in-situ observations of the heliosphere.
Tracing the Ionization Structure of the Shocked Filaments of NGC 6240
Authors: Medling Anne M. , Kewley Lisa J. , Calzetti Daniela , Privon George C. , Larson Kirsten , Rich Jeffrey A. , Armus Lee , Allen Mark G. , Bicknell Geoffrey V. , Díaz-Santos Tanio , Heckman Timothy M. , Leitherer Claus , Max Claire E. , Rupke David S. N. , Treister Ezequiel , Messias Hugo , Wagner Alexander Y. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We study the ionization and excitation structure of the interstellar medium in the late-stage gas-rich galaxy merger NGC 6240 using a suite of emission-line maps at ∼25 pc resolution from the Hubble Space Telescope, Keck/NIRC2 with Adaptive Optics, and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). NGC 6240 hosts a superwind driven by intense star formation and/or one or both of two active nuclei; the outflows produce bubbles and filaments seen in shock tracers from warm molecular gas (H2 2.12 μm) to optical ionized gas ([O iii], [N ii], [S ii], and [O i]) and hot plasma (Fe XXV). In the most distinct bubble, we see a clear shock front traced by high [O iii]/Hβ and [O iii]/[O i]. Cool molecular gas (CO(2−1)) is only present near the base of the bubble, toward the nuclei launching the outflow. We interpret the lack of molecular gas outside the bubble to mean that the shock front is not responsible for dissociating molecular gas, and conclude that the molecular clouds are partly shielded and either entrained briefly in the outflow, or left undisturbed while the hot wind flows around them. Elsewhere in the galaxy, shock-excited H2 extends at least ∼4 kpc from the nuclei, tracing molecular gas even warmer than that between the nuclei, where the two galaxies’ interstellar media are colliding. A ridgeline of high [O iii]/Hβ emission along the eastern arm aligns with the southern nucleus’ stellar disk minor axis; optical integral field spectroscopy from WiFeS suggests this highly ionized gas is centered at systemic velocity and likely photoionized by direct line of sight to the southern active galactic nucleus.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Patterns Related to Digital Eye Strain Among Parents of Children Attending Online Classes in the COVID-19 Era: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kaur Kirandeep , Kannusamy Veena , Gurnani Bharat , Mouttapa Fredrick , Balakrishnan Logesh 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:
To assess the prevalence of digital eye strain among children and extrapolate the association between knowledge, attitude, and practice patterns related to device use during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdowns.

Methods:
A cross-sectional, descriptive, questionnaire-based analysis was done to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice patterns related to digital device use among parents of children attending online classes.

Results:

A total of 305 responses were obtained. The most common reason for device use was online classes (288 children; 94.4%) and the most common mode was smartphone (263 children; 86.3%). The prevalence of digital eye strain was 64.6%. The mean knowledge score was 48.5 ± 5.1, the mean attitude score was 26.7 ± 4.9, and the mean practice score was 17.8 ± 3.5. The difference between knowledge, attitude, and practice scores among parents of children with and without glasses was not statistically significant (
P
= .580, .521, and .503, respectively). A direct correlation was found between the knowledge and practice scores (
P
= .002), but attitude scores did not show a significant correlation (
P
= .712).

Conclusions:
Digital devices have been a boon to continue education during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. This study reveals a large knowledge gap among parents related to safe digital device use. Further, there is a need to adopt methods that would help spread awareness to the masses about the effects of excessive screen time in children in the form of digital eye strain and myopia and the corrective measures to avoid the same.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2022;59(4):224–235.]
Conhecimentos e sentimentos de usuários submetidos à cineangiocoronariografia
Authors: Sant'Anna Rosana Moreira de , Escudeiro Cristina Lavoyer , Camacho Alessandra Conceição Leite Funchal 
Published: December 2021

Trata-se de um estudo que aborda o conhecimento e sentimentos dos usuários relativo ao exame de cineangiocoronariografia. Objetivo: descrever a percepção dos usuários submetidos à cineangiocoronariografia em relação ao exame. Métodos: estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado no serviço de hemodinâmica em um hospital universitário no estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período de outubro a dezembro de 2013. Os participantes foram 20 usuários, com idades entre 18 a 79 anos. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, seguida da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: observou-se o desconhecimento quanto à finalidade do exame pela maioria dos usuários, e presença de medo e ansiedade associados à morte de forma simbólica ou não. Considerações finais: constatou-se que os usuários não possuem clareza quanto à ação terapêutica da cineangiocoronariografia, abrindo-se espaço para a presença de sentimentos que emergem ocasionados pelo desconhecimento. As ações educativas realizadas pelo enfermeiro constituem-se em estratégia facilitadora para a educação em saúde dessa clientela.