bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Analysis of Content of Heavy Metals Cadmium (cd) in the Flow of the River Barumun Labuhanbatu Selatan
Authors: Kedaton Sri , Harahap Arman 
Published: May 2021

The number of community activities in the area of River Barumun Labuhanbatu South will produce heavy metals in the waters and will accumulate to the bottom of the waters in the sediment. This study discusses the content of heavy metal Cd in sungai Barumun Labuhanbatu Selatan. The research was conducted in December 2020 until January 2021 in the region of the waters of the River Barumun Labuhanbatu Selatan. The process of sampling using purposive sampling method. Data analysis was done descriptively by looking at the results of the measurements of some parameters of the waters and the test results of water samples in the laboratory by comparing the quality standard according to the Decision of the Minister of Environment No. 51 Year 2004. As for the test sediment samples in the laboratory compared with the raw quality of the concentration of heavy metals in the sediment IADC/CEDA 1997. The results of the heavy metal concentration of Cd in the surface water ranged 0,003-0,068 mg/l, the concentration of heavy metal cadmium in water depth of 5 meters has a range of 0.007-to 0.058 mg/l.
Forecasting the spread of COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh using ARIMA model
Authors: Kundu Lakshmi Rani , Ferdous Most Zannatul , Islam Ummay Soumayia , Sultana Marjia 
Published: May 2021

COVID-19 is one of the most serious global public health threats creating an alarming situation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for investigating and predicting COVID-19 incidence to control its spread more effectively. This study aim to forecast the expected number of daily total confirmed cases, total confirmed new cases, total deaths and total new deaths of COVID-19 in Bangladesh for next 3 weeks. The number of daily total confirmed cases, total confirmed new cases, total deaths and total new deaths of COVID-19 from 8 March2020 to 4 February, 2021 was collected to fit an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model to forecast the spread of COVID-19 in Bangladesh from 5th February 2021 to 25th February 2021. All statistical analyses were conducted using R-3.6.3 software with a significant level of p< 0.05. The ARIMA (1,2,1), ARIMA (1,1,1), ARIMA (1,2,2) and ARIMA (1,1,2) model was adopted for forecasting the number of daily total confirmed cases, total confirmed new cases, total deaths and new deaths of COVID-19, respectively. The results showed that an upward trend for the total confirmed cases and total deaths, while total confirmed new cases and total new death, will become stable in the next 3 weeks if prevention measures are strictly followed to limit the spread of COVID-19. The forecasting results of COVID-19 will not be dreadful for upcoming days in Bangladesh. However, the government and health authorities should take new approaches and keep strong monitoring of the existing strategies to control the further spread of this pandemic.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2021, 7(1): 21-32
Career plan and related attributes of nurses
Authors: Aktar Sabrina , Saha Ashees Kumar , Khatun Mst Akhtara , Riaz Baizid Khoorshid 
Published: May 2021

A career is defined as advancing in a chosen job and as a result of that earning more money, taking on more responsibility, gaining more status, power, and respect A descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted in two tertiary level Government hospitals namely Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH), Rajshahi and Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College Hospital (ShSMCH), Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh from 1st January to 31st December, 2019 with the aimed to determine the career plan and related attributes of nurses in a selected tertiary hospital. Study Population was the nurses working in those two hospitals and convenience sampling technique was done, Sample size was 302. After taking written consent from the respondents, data collection was done by face to face interview using a semi-structured questionnaire. The study findings revealed that 94.0% of the respondents have career plan and only 89 respondents were received degree after employment, 43.8% nurses worked in RMCH and 56.2% nurses worked in ShSMCH. From the total respondents, 58.6% respondents expect after completion higher education they will get better job opportunity. Here, 50.0% of the respondent’s reason for no career plan had family problem, 33.3% respondents’ opinion was time consuming and only 16.7% respondents’ opinion was expensive and 56.3% had job satisfaction. Length of service significantly (p<0.001) associated with career plan and educational qualification significantly (p<0.001) associated with choosing of discipline. Professional development can be achieved through career plan, which will not only provide quality nursing care to patients but also nurses updated knowledge with new information and technology.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2021, 7(1): 48-55
Pelatihan Pembuatan Keripik Daun Kopi Di Desa Cugung Lalang Kecamatan Kepahiang Kabupaten Kepahiang
Authors: Herlina Mety , Syahfitri Jayanti , Lubis Rukiah , Sulaiman Endang , Nopriyeni Nopriyeni 
Published: May 2021

Abstract: So far the coffee commodity is still known as the main ingredient in the manufacture of beverages, namely coffee. Apart from coffee beans, many people in Cugung Lalang Village still do not know the information coffee waste can be used in their daily lives. Some examples of the use of coffee waste can be used as compost, besides that coffee leaves can be made into a type of food, namely coffee leaf chips. In general, coffee farmers will routinely maintain post-harvest coffee gardens, namely by trimming coffee leaves. The coffee leaf waste resulting from pruning will only be piled up and left on the plantation. Therefore, this training can be an innovation that can increase the knowledge, skills and independence of community members in entrepreneurship. This of course will support the opening of opportunities to improve the economic level of the community. The results of the training showed that the community was able to make coffee leaf chips. The need for further training on how to package processed coffee leaf chips, so that they are ready to be marketed Keywords: coffee leaf chips; training Abstrak: Sejauh ini komoditas kopi masih dikenal sebagai bahan utama dalam pembuatan minuman yaitu kopi. Selain biji kopi masyarakat di Desa Cugung Lalang masih banyak yang belum tahu mengenai informasi bahwa limbah kopipun dapat dimanfaatkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Beberapa contoh pemanfaatan limbah kopi yaitu dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk kompos, selain itu daun kopi dapat dibuat jenis makanan yaitu keripik daun kopi. Pada umumnya para petani kopi akan rutin melakukan perawatan kebun pascapanen kopi yaitu dengan melakukan pemangkasan daun kopi. Limbah daun kopi hasil dari pemangkasan ini hanya akan ditumpuk dan dibiarkan di perkebunan. Oleh karena itu, adanya pelatihan ini dapat menjadi suatu inovasi yang dapat meningkatan pengetahuan, keterampilan dan kemandirian warga masyarakat dalam berwirausaha. Hal ini tentunya akan mendukung terbukanya peluang untuk meningkatkan taraf perekonomian masyarakat. Adapun metode yang digunakan yaitu melalui kegiatan sosialisasi dan pelatihan. Hasil dari pelatihan menunjukan bahwa masyarakat mampu membuat olahan keripik daun kopi. Perlunya pelatihan lanjutan mengenai bagiamana pengemasan olahan keripik daun kopi, sehingga siap untuk dipasarkan.Kata kunci: keripik daun kopi; pelatihan
Abordagem estética da região palpebral inferior – Uma revisão das principais opções terapêuticas
Authors: Dias Gilmasa Daniele Rios , Borba André 
Published: May 2021

Introdução: As alterações do tear through e da região infraorbital são um dos primeiros sinais reconhecíveis de envelhecimento. Estas são queixas comuns comum na medicina estética e há muitas opções de tratamento disponíveis. Tendo isso em vista, o objetivo do presente estudo é realizar uma revisão de literatura para descrever a anatomia e as alterações da região infraorbital decorrentes do envelhecimento e apresentar as principais opções terapêuticas para cada caso. Materiais e métodos: Uma revisão simples de literatura foi realizada nas bases de dados: Pubmed, Scielo, Web of Sciences, usando os descritores: Tear trough , Infra-orbital, Dark-circles, Lower-Eyelid, Hyperpigmentation e Midface, treatment, therapeutics com seus termos correspondentes em inglês e português. Resultados: Preenchimentos, bioestimuladores de colágeno, lasers, dispositivos de radiofrequência, microagulhamento, peelings químicos, cosmecêuticos e toxina botulínica são opções de tratamento não cirúrgico disponíveis discutidas na literatura, constatou-se que melhora e rejuvenesce significativamente a região infraorbital. Conclusão: A compreensão completa da anatomia e das alterações que ocorrem com o envelhecimento são de extrema importância na avaliação da região infraorbital para determinar as opções de tratamento adequadas como uma forma de alcançar um rejuvenescimento ideal.
The Relationship between The Learning Styles and Academic Performance of Medical Faculty Students
Authors: ARİCİ Dilek , SARIKAYA Özlem , YABACI Ayşegül 
Published: May 2021

Objective: Medical students have with different learning styles and different educational backgrounds. While the curriculum is being prepared, the success of students this situation should be considered. This study is designed to reveal the learning styles of the second-year medical students and to compare their academic performance with their learning style.Methods: One hundred and four students of 2nd-year Bezmialem Vakif University Medical School are included in the study. To reveal the learning styles, Kolb’s Learning Styles Inventory applied to all students. Also, the academic performance of each student was listed. We compared the statistical relationship between gender and academic performance with students’ learning styles.Results: Of the 104 students’ there was 59 female, 45 male in gender. According to the questionnaire, most of the female and male students were assimilators (abstract-passive learners) (%58.5) and divergers (concrete –passive) (%28.8). Students’ academic performance results were between 75-80. We did not find a statistically significant difference between gender and students’learning styles and academic performance results ( p&gt;0.05).Conclusion: Identifiying and monitoring of students’ learning styles in the universities especially in medical schools is neglected. However, we should know students’ learning style in order to recognize their learning habits shaped by previous learning experiences and to improve their success. Moreover, it is important to improve students’ performance by using learning strategies and methods suitable for different learning styles.
لاستخدام الاجتماعي لتكنولوجيا الاتصال الانترنت نموذجا: مقاربة نظرية.
Authors: عبدلي احمد 
Published: May 2021

يشكل " الاستخدام الاجتماعي لتكنولوجيا الاتصال " حقلا معرفيا مميزا قائما بذاته، ذي بعد نظري ومنهجي يهتم بالأساس بتوصيف طبيعة العلاقة التي تجمع بين "الإنسان" المستخدم والأداة الاتصالية الجديدة، وهو مفهوم يقابله مفهوم "التعرض" لوسائل الإعلام التقليدية . تهتم الأبحاث المتعلقة بهذه الظاهرة عادة بتحليلها مفاهيميا بتحديد الخصائص والصفات والسمات العامة والخاصة لهذا المفهوم، ومحاولة استخلاص المعنى الاجتماعي والثقافي من المعطى التقني، وكذا وضع اطر عامة لاتجاهات البحث فيها، وأخير تحليل الإطار الكلي الذي تتم فيه العملية، بهدف الوصول إلى تبصرات بها في الحال والمآل، وهو ما تسعى هذه الورقة إلى تفصيله وبيانه.
الكلمات المفتاحية:تكنلوجيا،إنصال ،إعلام جديد،إجتماعي،تحليل.
إصلاح الأمم المتحدة
Authors: شطاب غانية 
Published: May 2021

لقد شاهد العالم مع نهاية الحرب الباردة كثير من التغيرات الجذرية والسريعة على الصعيد السياسة والاقتصادية والأمنية والفكرية ،التي أذنت بنشوء نظام علمي جديد أو حقبة جديدة في تاريخ العلاقات الدولية، مما فرض السعي إلى إقرار مقاصد ومبادئ جديدة، و نظم ملائمة لإدارة العلاقات الدولية ومعالجة مشكلاتها في إطار من العمل الجماعي، الذي تجسده منظمة أممية دولية حديثة وفعالة، تستوجب كل الفاعلين والقوى الموجودة على الساحة الدولية.
الكلمات المفتاحية:حرب باردة،مشكلة،فكرية،جماعي،دولي
الحركات الإسلامية في الجزائر المعاصرة
Authors: محمد آدم ابراهيم 
Published: May 2021

كان الاستعمار الفرنسي للجزائر استيطانيا سعى لإدماج المجتمع الجزائري في المجتمع الفرنسي بالكامل واعتبرت البلاد جزءاً من فرنسا حيث أعلن الدستور الفرنسي لعام 1848م أن ولايات الجزائر الثلاث ولايات فرنسية(2). كما أصدرت فرنسا في عام 1881م قانون التبعية الأهلية الذي منح الإداريين الفرنسيين صلاحيات واسعة لفرض سيطرتهم على الشعب الجزائري ومواصلة سياسة الإدماج من خلال محاربة المؤسسات الإسلامية كالقضاء الشرعي والتعليم الديني مع خلق طبقة إسلامية رسمية مدعومة من السلطة الغازية للإشراف على العبادة في المساجد . لم يقف الجزائريون مكتوفي الأيدي حيال ما جرى بهم وببلادهم ولكنهم انخرطوا في حركة مقاومة شرسة انطلقت منذ عام 1881م بصورة مقاومات متقطعة ومتجددة حتى بلغت قمتها باندلاع الثورة الجزائرية المسلحة عام 1954م والتي امتدت لسبع أعوام ونصف وانتهت بخروج المستعمر الفرنسي عام 1962م .
الكلمات المفتاحية:إستعمار،إسلام،ثورة،مجتمع،مقاومة
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Etnomatemática na Universidade: contrapontos entre a utopia e a realidade
Authors: Marques Fernandes Alcione 
Published: May 2021

Este artigo estabelece uma comparação entre os elementos principais da proposta da disciplina de Etnomatemática elaborada como apêndice da minha tese de doutorado defendida na Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de Brasília em 2016, em contraponto com a disciplina eletiva prevista no Projeto Pedagógico do Curso de graduação em Matemática da Universidade Federal do Tocantins do Campus de Arraias ofertada em dois semestres consecutivos no ano de 2017. As duas disciplinas: uma do nível da utopia e outra da realidade são analisadas à luz das referências de Vergani (1995; 2007) e D’Ambrosio (2009; 2012), considerando-se as diferenças e semelhanças entre ambas, permitindo a aproximação da realidade com a utopia, desde que se estabeleça como ponto principal a transdisciplinaridade e a transculturalidade, tendo em vista o conceito de utopia presente na obra de Paulo Freire e reforçada pelo processo de auscultação das distintas comunidades inerente à educação etnomatemática.
SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF PROSTATE CANCER INCIDENCE IN IRAQ DURING 2000-2015
Authors: Mohammed Al-Hashimi Muzahem 
Published: May 2021

Prostate cancer incidence rates have evidenced a substantial increase in Iraq over the past sixteen years. Geographic variation of prostate cancer in Iraq has not been explored. We examine the geographic incidence patterns of prostate cancer in Iraq using the global index of spatial autocorrelation, Getis-Ord Gi* and Anselin Local Moran’s to detect hotspots, coldspots, and spatial outliers of prostate cancer rates. We calculated the age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIRs) according to district level for three periods (2000-2004, 2005-2009, and 2010-2015). Disease maps were produced to explore whether prostate cancer incidence clusters by district, and where hotspots and coldspots occur. Results highlight several districts of Iraq where the burden of prostate cancer incidence is especially high. In 2005-2009, the spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed a prostate cancer incidence hotspot in Al-Rissafa, Al-Manathera, Al-Kufa, Al-Hilla, Al-Hindiya, and Kerbela district. In 2010-2015, hotspots were seen in Al-Mussyab, Al-Hilla, Al-Hindiya, Al-Rissafa, Al-Adhamiya, Al-Sadir, and Daquq district. Examining spatial pattern of prostate cancer AAIRs is critical to government efforts to focus on those regions, and to understanding and targeting prostate cancer
Edukasi Pandemi tentang Serba – Serbi Permasalahan dan Pencegahan Penularan Covid-19
Authors: Wijayanti Nor 
Published: May 2021

Protokol kesehatan dalam rangka mencegah penyebaran Covid-19 harus konsisten diterapkan. Edukasi kepada masyarakat pun perlu terus dilakukan. Banyak edukasi sudah dilakukan melalui konten-konten digital. Namun, di antara masyarakat masih ada yang belum memiliki akses digital. Edukasi ini penting dilakukan karena ini berkaitan dengan kesehatan secara umum dan menyangkut lingkungan sekitarnya. Tujuan dari pelaksanaan kegiatan ini adalah memberikan pengetahuan tentang permasalahan dan pencegahan penularan covid-19 di Desa Caturharjo Pandak Bantul. Metode kegiatan ini melalui penyampaian edukasi dengan menggunakan leaflet dan penyampaian materi melalui power point. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan peserta tentang covid-19 secara umum. Peserta kegiatan ini adalah masyarakat Caturharjo Pandak Bantul Yogyakarta yang berjumalah 50 orang. Berdasarkan hasil pre-test dan post test kuesioner pengetahuan dari monitoring dan evaluasi pelaksanaan kegiatan diperoleh bahwa peserta memahami 96% berdasarkan hasil arti pentingnya dari permasalahan covid-19 ini dan bagaimana cara pencegahannya. Kegiatan pengabdian ini penting dan mendesak dilakukan karena informasi terkait covid-19 yang cepat dan berubah – ubah variannya. Kesimpulan dari kegiatan ini yaitu masyarakat mulai memahami dan mengikuti arahan dengan baik juga mengerti bagaimana cara menangani dan mencegah penularan covid-19.
Evaluation of antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of stingless bee Trigona honey (Malaysia) against Streptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Alkafaween Mohammad A. , Al-Jamal Hamid A. Nagi , Mohmd Hilmi Abu Bakar 
Published: May 2021

Background: The study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Trigona honey against S. pneumonia. Methods: The effect of Trigona honey on S. pneumonia investigated using agar well diffusion, MIC, MBC, biofilm formation and RT-qPCR.
Results: Trigona honey samples showed the larger zones of inhibition against S. pneumonia, 22.2±0.4 at 100% concentration. Trigona honey possessed the lowest MIC, MBC, MIC50 and MIC90 against S. pneumoniae, 25%, 30%, 12.5% and 25% (w/v) respectively. Trigona honey permeated established biofilms of S. pneumonia, resulting in significant decreased the cells from the biofilm. RT-qPCR revealed that the expression of genes amiF, ftsY, mvaS, pnpA, argG, mvd1, purN, miaA and pbp2a were upregulated, glcK, marR, prmA and ccpA­­­ were downregulated after exposure to honey.
Conclusion: Trigona honey demonstrated the highest antibacterial activity against S. pneumoniae. By limiting study in vitro on Trigona honey, we infer that Trigona honey impacts on S. pneumoniae.
Chapitre I
Authors: Swift Jonathan 
Published: May 2021

Description d’une furieuse tempête. La chaloupe est envoyée à terre pour faire de l’eau. L’auteur s’y embarque afin de découvrir le pays ; il est laissé sur le rivage, pris par un des habitants et conduit chez un fermier. Manière dont il y est reçu. Description des habitants.
The Mononuclear Phagocyte System of the Rat
Authors: Hume David A. , Caruso Melanie , Keshvari Sahar , Patkar Omkar L. , Sehgal Anuj , Bush Stephen J. , Summers Kim M. , Pridans Clare , Irvine Katharine M. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The laboratory rat continues to be the model of choice for many studies of physiology, behavior, and complex human diseases. Cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS; monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells) are abundant residents in every tissue in the body and regulate postnatal development, homeostasis, and innate and acquired immunity. Recruitment and proliferation of MPS cells is an essential component of both initiation and resolution of inflammation. The large majority of current knowledge of MPS biology is derived from studies of inbred mice, but advances in technology and resources have eliminated many of the advantages of the mouse as a model. In this article, we review the tools available and the current state of knowledge of development, homeostasis, regulation, and diversity within the MPS of the rat.
A mathematical formulation for volume expansions in contouring for radiotherapy planning
Authors: Munshi Anusheel , Sarkar Biplab , Paul Sayan , Chaudhari Bhavini B. , Chauhan Rohit Singh , Ganesh Tharmarnadar , Mohanti Bidhu Kalyan 
Published: May 2021

Context:
This research describe the characteristic volume expansion of a moving target as a function of differential margins.

Aim:
We aimed to ascertain the volume change after giving margin for clinical and set up uncertainties including generating internal target volume (ITV) for moving target.

Materials and Methods:
Settings and Design – Spheres of diameter (0.5–10 cm) with differential expansion of 1–15 mm were generated using a mathematical formula. Moving targets of radius 1–5 cm were generated, and the resultant volume envelopes with incremental motion from 1 to 20 mm were obtained. All relative volume change results were fitted with mathematical functions to obtain a generalized mathematical formula.

Statistical Analysis Used:
None.

Results:
The percentage increase in volume (%ΔVp) was much more pronounced for smaller radius target. For moving target with relatively smaller radius, %ΔVp is predominant over the absolute volume change and vice versa in case of larger radius. Mathematical formulae were obtained for %ΔVp as a function of radius and expansion and for %ΔVp in ITV volume as a function of radius and tumor movement.

Conclusions:
This study provides an idea of volume change for various expansions for various size targets and/or moving target for different range of movements. It establishes a correlation of these volume changes with the changing target size and range of movements. Finally, a clinically useful mathematical formulation on volume expansion has been developed for rapid understanding of the consequence of volume expansion.
Effect of Coping Strategies Program on Quality of Life among Emergency Clinic Nurses Working at Night Shift
Authors: Abd Elkader Heba A. , Ramadan Eman N. , El Refaey Samah R. I. 
Published: May 2021

Context: The night shift work can have a negative impact on job performance, sleep, physical and emotional health, social life, family life, and level of job –related stress for nurses.
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of coping strategies program on quality of life among emergency clinic nurses working at night shift.
Methods: A quasi-experimental design was utilized to fulfill the aim of this study. The study conducted at Emergency Clinic affiliated to Benha University Hospital. A convenience sample used to achieve the aim of this study. It includes all nurses (60 nurses) who worked at night shift at Emergency Clinic. Three tools utilized in this study: A Structured interviewing questionnaire to assess a nurses' socio-demographic characteristics, Ways of Coping Scale for measuring coping abilities of nurses, and Quality of life Scale for measuring the quality of life for nurses.
Results: A result reveals that there is a significant difference between the nurses' quality of life and their coping abilities post-program implementation.
Conclusion: This study concluded that coping strategies program was effective, and its results had a drastic improvement in coping abilities and quality of life for nurses working at night shift. The study suggested establishing continuous educational programs for nurses who are working at night shift at Emergency Clinic unit about coping strategies & its effect on their quality of life.