bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Migration Kinetics of Surface Ions in Oxygen‐Deficient Perovskite During Topotactic Transitions
Authors: Cao Lei , Petracic Oleg , Wei Xian‐Kui , Zhang Hengbo , Duchoň Tomáš , Gunkel Felix , Koutsioubas Alexandros , Zhernenkov Kirill , Rushchanskii Konstantin Z. , Hartmann Heinrich , Wilhelm Marek , Li Zichao , Xie Yufang , He Suqin , Weber Moritz L. , Veltruská Kateřina , Stellhorn Annika , Mayer Joachim , Zhou Shengqiang , Brückel Thomas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOxygen diffusivity and surface exchange kinetics underpin the ionic, electronic, and catalytic functionalities of complex multivalent oxides. Towards understanding and controlling the kinetics of oxygen transport in emerging technologies, it is highly desirable to reveal the underlying lattice dynamics and ionic activities related to oxygen variation. In this study, the evolution of oxygen content is identified in real‐time during the progress of a topotactic phase transition in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3‐δ epitaxial thin films, both at the surface and throughout the bulk. Using polarized neutron reflectometry, a quantitative depth profile of the oxygen content gradient is achieved, which, alongside atomic‐resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy, uniquely reveals the formation of a novel structural phase near the surface. Surface‐sensitive X‐ray spectroscopies further confirm a significant change of the electronic structure accompanying the transition. The anisotropic features of this novel phase enable a distinct oxygen diffusion pathway in contrast to conventional observation of oxygen motion at moderate temperatures. The results provide insights furthering the design of solid oxygen ion conductors within the framework of topotactic phase transitions.
Biointerfacing Antagonizing T‐Cell Inhibitory Nanoparticles Potentiate Hepatocellular Carcinoma Checkpoint Blockade Therapy
Authors: Wu Han , Zhu Jia‐Qi , Xu Xin‐Fei , Xing Hao , Wang Ming‐Da , Liang Lei , Li Chao , Jia Hang‐Dong , Shen Feng , Huang Dong‐Sheng , Yang Tian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most fatal malignancies with few effective treatment options all around the world. The efficacy of the arisen immune checkpoint therapy is still uncertain due to local immunosuppression. In order to further overcome T cell suppression in the tumor immune microenvironment while promoting the immune response of antigen‐presenting cells, a biointerfacing antagonizing T‐cell inhibitory nanoparticles (BAT NPs) has been developed by cloaking platelet membrane on the PLGA microsphere surface to load T‐cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain‐3 antibodies (anti‐TIM‐3) as well as PD‐L1. Notably, in addition to activating the proliferation and migration of T cells, the contained anti‐TIM‐3 can cooperate with PD‐L1 checkpoint blockade to exert therapeutic effects. Furthermore, the components of BAT NPs like anti‐TIM‐3 and platelet can act together for collagen deposition in tumor starvation treatment. Thus, a novel targeting therapeutic strategy that can effectively reverse the immune‐inhibiting microenvironment is effectively applied to PD‐L1 checkpoint combination therapy. Such therapeutic effect can subsequently activate the effector T lymphocytes and antigen presentation of dendritic cells as well as the polarization of M1‐type macrophages. Last, the study presented the synergistic effect of immune therapeutic adjuvants and BAT NPs components in achieving tumor inhibition and prolonging tumor‐burden survival.
Fabrication of Multiresponsive Magnetic Nanocomposite Double‐Network Hydrogels for Controlled Release Applications
Authors: Lu Cheng‐Hsun , Yeh Yi‐Cheun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNanocomposite double‐network hydrogels (ncDN hydrogels) have been demonstrated as promising biomaterials to present several desired properties (e.g., high mechanical strength, stimuli‐responsiveness, and local therapy) for biomedicine. Here, a new type of ncDN hydrogels featuring definable microstructures and properties as well as multistimuli responsiveness for controlled release applications is developed. Amine‐functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles (IOPs_NH2) are used as nanoparticle cross‐linkers to simultaneously connect the dual networks of gelatin (Gel) and polydextran aldehyde (PDA) through hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and dynamic imine bonds. The pH‐ and temperature‐responsive Gel/PDA/IOP_NH2 ncDN hydrogels present a fast release profile of proteins at acidic pH and high temperature. Besides, IOP_NH2 also contributes the magnetic‐responsiveness to the ncDN hydrogels, allowing the use of magnetic field to generate heat to facilitate the structural change of hydrogels and the subsequent applications. Taken together, a versatile ncDN hydrogel platform capable of multistimuli responsiveness and local heating for controlled release is developed for advanced biomedical applications.
Supramolecular fabrication of hyperbranched polyethyleneimine toward nanofiltration membrane for efficient wastewater purification
Authors: Xia Junyuan , Gu Jincui , Xiao Peng , Zhang Chang , Yan Luke , Chen Tao 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNanofiltration technology has opened an efficient pathway to addressing the grand issue of wastewater purification. Polyethyleneimine (PEI), as a hydrophilic polymer, is a promising material to manufacture separation membranes owing to its superiority. Here, we prepared a hyperbranched PEI‐based separation membrane through the supramolecular hydrogen bond interaction for wastewater purification. The amino groups in the PEI molecule were partially oxidized to the nitro groups with sodium hypochlorite (NaClO). Moreover, the PEI molecular chains can be regulated from the hyperbranched state to the internal nucleation state. Molecular dynamics simulation results further indicated the strong hydrogen bonds among the oxidized PEI (O‐PEI) molecular chains and the decreased gyration radius of the O‐PEI molecule due to the formation of the nitro groups. In addition, the wettability and zeta potential of O‐PEI membranes can be controlled by adjusting the molecular weight and oxidation degree of the PEI molecules. Under the collective effect of size screening and charge repulsion, the O‐PEI separation membrane displayed a wide range of purification capabilities for contaminations, such as dye molecules and salts. This work may offer a new strategy to fabricate hyperbranched O‐PEI membranes for wastewater purification.
Louis Althusser: Science and Ideology
Authors: Zwart Hub 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn terms of design and key objectives, this volume entails a triadic syllogism. Continental thinking constitutes its source material, and first of all I offer a concise exposition of the way in which Hegel, Marx, Engels, Bachelard, Lacan and Heidegger allow us to come to terms with technoscience. As indicated, notwithstanding multiple differences and interventions, I see their oeuvres as building on a common ground. I also acknowledge the second moment (the negation), however, consisting of claims (brought forward by various authors) that this corpus of literature, or parts of it, are invalid or outdated, for instance because the future belongs to neo-liberalism (as Francis Fukuyama argued), or because continental thinking is flawed by Eurocentric and androcentric biases. Rather than countering or criticising this type of criticism directly and extensively (which would result in more or less “theoretical” debates), I have adopted a more “cataphatic” course. By outlining its basic logic (its methodology) and by extrapolating it to a number of case studies, my aim is to demonstrate the viability, urgency and contemporary relevance of a continental approach (“via positiva”).
Pierre Teilhard de Chardin’s Phenomenology of the Noosphere
Authors: Zwart Hub 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough Pierre Teilhard de Chardin (1881–1955) was thoroughly trained in philosophy and theology, he was first and foremost a paleoanthropologist, directly involved in the discovery of Homo erectus pekinensis (“Sinanthropus”) in China in the 1920s and 1930s. He came from a Catholic aristocratic background, was ordained a priest in 1911, survived World War I (as a stretcher-bearer, distinguished with the Legion of Honour), joined the Jesuit Order, conducted paleoanthropological field work during the interbellum, and became entangled in a conflict with his Jesuit superiors (over pantheism and the concept of original sin) until his death in New York (in exile more or less). When his writings were published (shortly after his death, as his superiors forbade publication during his lifetime), he quickly became an intellectual celebrity. Currently, he is credited with having anticipated Gaia theory (King, 2006), the global village concept (McLuhan, 1962), the Internet (Barlow, 1992; Cobb, 1998), the WWW (Garreau, 2005, p. 256; Greenfield, 2014, p. 9), transhumanism (Delio, 2014; Steinhart, 2008), the “global brain” (Stock, 1993), and the Anthropocene (e.g. Crutzen, 2002; Steffen et al., 2011).
Philosophy of Technoscience: From Cis-Continental to Trans-Continental
Authors: Zwart Hub 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe previous chapters explored how four (interacting and overlapping) continental approaches (dialectics, dialectical materialism, psychoanalysis and phenomenology) offer hints and guidance for coming to terms with the revolutionary dynamics and disruptive impact of contemporary technoscience. Hegelian dialectics provides a conceptual scaffold for developing a comprehensive view of the terrestrial system and even for addressing the Cambrian explosion currently unfolding in laboratories around the globe, as a result of technoscientific developments such as synthetic biology and CRISP-Cas9. Dialectical materialism likewise offers a conceptual framework for addressing the rapidly aggravating disruption of the metabolism between nature and global civilisation, and the ongoing convergence of biosphere and technosphere, exemplified by the synthetic cell. Francophone psychoanalysis, closely aligned with dialectical thinking, adds to our understanding of the specificity of technoscience, both as a practice and as a discourse, where technoscientific research emerges as a questionable vocation driven by a desire to control, but at the same time ostensibly out of control. The dialectical methodology of psychoanalysis was exemplified with the help of case histories, moreover, involving Majorana particles, gene drives, malaria mosquitoes and nude mice. The latter represent technoscientific commodities, exemplifying the assembly-line production of human-made organisms (the commodification of life as such). Subsequently, we demonstrated how Heideggerian phenomenology entails important methodological hints for understanding technoscientific artefacts against the backdrop of technoscience as a mobilising force and as a global enterprise. And finally, we outlined how Teilhard’s views on the genesis of consciousness, self-consciousness and hyperconsciousness retrieve the historical (dialectical) dimension of phenomenology, thus allowing us to assess the present as a global unfolding of the noosphere.
Assessing Institutionalized Bias
Authors: Bisson Linda F. , Kass Philip H. , Paw U Kyaw Tha , Grindstaff Laura 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIdeally, higher education systems are meritocracies in which advancement or promotion is based on demonstrated accomplishment and scholarly impact. “Merit” is believed to be associated with innate intellectual ability, dedication to learning and knowledge generation, mastery of a field of study, and recognition by others of comparable training and academic standing. Evaluations of accomplishment are dutifully (and often wishfully) believed to be wholly objective despite an abundance of evidence to the contrary. Unfortunately, implicit bias and other barriers to inclusion are pervasive within meritocracies. For members of marginalized groups, their social identity may diminish how their accomplishments are perceived and valued; conversely, the accomplishments of those with privileged identities may be over-valued. Moreover, what counts as “valuable” is itself not objective or neutral but rather reflects socially-constructed and culturally-specific priorities. Because academic merit and reward systems, as well as local cultures, can intentionally as well as unintentionally reinforce and hence perpetuate bias and barriers to inclusion, one of our UC Davis ADVANCE initiatives centered on review of all policies and practices affecting faculty advancement. We appraised the potential for bias in hiring, promotion, progression, and retention of faculty. We also evaluated the importance of culture in replicating barriers to inclusion.
Removing tadpoles in a soliton sector
Authors: Evslin Jarah , Guo Hengyuan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
It has long been known that perturbative calculations can be performed in a soliton sector of a quantum field theory by using a soliton Hamiltonian, which is constructed from the defining Hamiltonian by shifting the field by the classical soliton solution. It is also known that even if tadpoles are eliminated in the vacuum sector, they remain in the soliton sector. In this note we show, in the case of quantum kinks at two loops, that the soliton sector tadpoles may be removed by adding certain quantum corrections to the classical solution used in this construction. Stated differently, the renormalization condition that the soliton sector tadpoles vanish may be satisfied by renormalizing the soliton solution.
On non-factorisable contributions to t-channel single-top production
Authors: Brønnum-Hansen Christian , Melnikov Kirill , Quarroz Jérémie , Wang Chen-Yu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We compute the non-factorisable contribution to the two-loop helicity amplitude for t-channel single-top production, the last missing piece of the two-loop virtual corrections to this process. Our calculation employs analytic reduction to master integrals and the auxiliary mass flow method for their fast numerical evaluation. We study the impact of these corrections on basic observables that are measured experimentally in the single-top production process.
Vocational training for unemployed youth in Latvia
Authors: Bratti Massimiliano , Ghirelli Corinna , Havari Enkelejda , Santangelo Giulia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe analyze the effectiveness of a vocational training (VT) programme targeting unemployed youth in Latvia, contributing to the scant literature on active labour market policies in transition countries. The programme we analyse is part of the Youth Guarantee scheme (2014–2020), the largest action launched by the European Union to combat youth unemployment after the 2008 financial crisis. Although the programme was targeted to youths aged between 15 and 29, priority was given to those younger than 25 years of age. We exploit this eligibility rule in a fuzzy regression discontinuity design framework to estimate the impact of VT participation on the probability of being employed and gross monthly labour income at given dates after the training. Using rich administrative data, we find that the age priority rule increased programme participation for the youngest group by about 10 percentage points. However, participation in the programme did not lead to statistically significant positive effects in labour market outcomes. We argue that this result could be due to some specific characteristics of the programme, namely the voucher system (potentially inducing lock-in effects) and the type of training (classroom instead of on-the-job training). Moreover, the programme was targeted at ex-ante low-employable individuals (e.g. without vocational qualifications), a fact that is confirmed by our analysis of the characteristics of the population of compliers with the age priority rule.
Using a smartphone on the move: do visual constraints explain why we slow walking speed?
Authors: Rubio Barañano Alejandro , Faisal Muhammad , Barrett Brendan T. , Buckley John G. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractViewing one’s smartphone whilst walking commonly leads to a slowing of walking. Slowing walking speed may occur because of the visual constraints related to reading the hand-held phone whilst in motion. We determine how walking-induced phone motion affects the ability to read on-screen information. Phone-reading performance (PRP) was assessed whilst participants walked on a treadmill at various speeds (Slow, Customary, Fast). The fastest speed was repeated, wearing an elbow brace (Braced) or with the phone mounted stationary (Fixed). An audible cue (‘text-alert’) indicated participants had 2 s to lift/view the phone and read aloud a series of digits. PRP was the number of digits read correctly. Each condition was repeated 5 times. 3D-motion analyses determined phone motion relative to the head, from which the variability in acceleration in viewing distance, and in the point of gaze in space in the up-down and right-left directions were assessed. A main effect of condition indicated PRP decreased with walking speed; particularly so for the Braced and Fixed conditions (p = 0.022). Walking condition also affected the phone’s relative motion (p < 0.001); post-hoc analysis indicated that acceleration variability for the Fast, Fixed and Braced conditions were increased compared to that for Slow and Customary speed walking (p ≤ 0.05). There was an inverse association between phone acceleration variability and PRP (p = 0.02). These findings may explain why walking speed slows when viewing a hand-held phone: at slower speeds, head motion is smoother/more regular, enabling the motion of the phone to be coupled with head motion, thus making fewer demands on the oculomotor system. Good coupling ensures that the retinal image is stable enough to allow legibility of the information presented on the screen.
FrpA is the outer membrane piscibactin transporter in Vibrio anguillarum: structural elements in synthetic piscibactin analogues required for transport
Authors: Lages Marta A. , de la Fuente M. Carmen , Ageitos Lucía , Martínez-Matamoros Diana , Rodríguez Jaime , Balado Miguel , Jiménez Carlos , Lemos Manuel L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPiscibactin (Pcb) is a labile siderophore widespread among Vibrionaceae. Its production is a major virulence factor of some fish pathogens such as Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida and Vibrio anguillarum. Although FrpA was previously suggested as the putative outer membrane transporter (OMT) for ferri-piscibactin, its role in piscibactin uptake was never demonstrated. In this work, we generated mutants of V. anguillarum defective in FrpA and analyzed their ability to use piscibactin as iron source. The results showed that inactivation of frpA completely disables piscibactin utilization, and the original phenotype could be restored by gene complementation, confirming that FrpA is the OMT that mediates ferri-Pcb uptake. Additionally, the ability of several Pcb thiazole analogues, with different configurations at positions 9, 10, and 13, to be internalized through FrpA, was evaluated measuring their ability to promote growth under iron deficiency of several indicator strains. The results showed that while those analogues with a thiazole ring maintain almost the same activity as Pcb, the maintenance of the hydroxyl group present in natural piscibactin configuration at position C-13 is crucial for Fe3+ chelation and, in consequence, for the recognition of the ferri-siderophore by the cognate OMT. All these findings allowed us to propose a Pcb analogue as a good candidate to vectorize antimicrobial compounds, through the Trojan horse strategy, to develop novel compounds against bacterial fish diseases.
Graphical abstract
Orthodontic bonding to silicate ceramics: impact of different pretreatment methods on shear bond strength between ceramic restorations and ceramic brackets
Authors: Jungbauer Rebecca , Kirschneck Christian , Hammer Christian M. , Proff Peter , Edelhoff Daniel , Stawarczyk Bogna 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective
The study aims to investigate the shear bond strength (SBS) between silicate ceramic restorations and ceramic brackets after different pretreatments and aging methods.

Material and methods
Leucite (LEU) and lithium disilicate (LiSi) specimens were pretreated with (i) 4% hydrofluoric acid + silane (HF), (ii) Monobond Etch&Prime (MEP), (iii) silicatization + silane (CoJet), and (iv) SiC grinder + silane (SiC). Molars etched (phosphoric acid) and conditioned acted as comparison group. SBS was measured after 24 h (distilled water, 37 °C), 500 × thermocycling (5/55 °C), and 90 days (distilled water, 37 °C). Data was analyzed using Shapiro–Wilk, Kruskal–Wallis with Dunn’s post hoc test and Bonferroni correction, Mann–Whitney U, and Chi2 test (p < 0.05). The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was determined.

Results
LEU pretreated with MEP showed lower SBS than pretreated with HF, CoJet, or SiC. LiSi pretreated with MEP resulted in lower initial SBS than pretreated with HF or SiC. After thermocycling, pretreatment using MEP led to lower SBS than with CoJet. Within LiSi group, after 90 days, the pretreatment using SiC resulted in lowest SBS values. After HF and MEP pretreatment, LEU showed lower initial SBS than LiSi. After 90 days of water storage, within specimens pretreated using CoJet or SiC showed LEU higher SBS than LiSi. Enamel presented higher or comparable SBS values to LEU and LiSi. With exception of MEP pretreatment, ARI 3 was predominantly observed, regardless the substrate, pretreatment, and aging level.

Conclusions
MEP pretreatment presented the lowest SBS values, regardless the silicate ceramic and aging level. Further research is necessary.

Clinical relevance
There is no need for intraoral application of HF for orthodontic treatment.
Central nervous system ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma with IRF4/DUSP22 rearrangement
Authors: Magaki Shino , Satyadev Radha , Chen Zesheng , Yung Kathryn S. , Vinters Harry V. , Kinney Marsha C. , Said Jonathan W. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAnaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCL) are mature T-cell neoplasms, approximately half of which harbor rearrangements of theALKgene that confer a good prognosis. Recent studies have demonstrated that a significant proportion of ALK-negative ALCLs demonstrate rearrangements of theIRF4/DUSP22locus that also are typically associated with a favorable prognosis. ALCL with primary involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) is extremely rare. We report what may be the first case of ALK-negative ALCL withIRF4/DUSP22rearrangement involving the brain in a 55-year-old man. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated signal abnormalities in the periventricular region, corpus callosum and cingulate gyrus. Biopsy revealed a diffuse parenchymal and angiocentric infiltrate of CD30-positive cells that showedIRF4/DUSP22rearrangement by fluorescence in situ hybridization. We also review the clinical and pathologic features of primary CNS ALK-negative ALCLs in the literature and highlight the need for awareness of this entity to optimize appropriate management.