bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selection on lines and families of camels within Kazakh breed type of the Turkmen dromedary
Authors: Natyrov A K , Dyusegaliev M G , Ubushaev B S , Eshekenov B B , Bolaev B K , Garyaeva Kh B 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This article is devoted to the research of productivity and monitor of breed value of lines and families of the Turkmen dromedary selected for genetic improvements. It was the first time when the selection of dromedaries within Kazakh breed used a selection according to the results of additional estimation of the index of milk production, the index of fertility and a ratio of wool clipping when they are bred on lines and families. The estimation of reproductive fertility of producers of the line “Jahn-leck 1” showed that the index of successful copulation equals to 92.4±0.6%. Females of the breeding stock Kyzyl of Turkmen dromedary had an index of milk production – 5.0±0.05, and the breeding stock «Kumkent» had an index of 4.1±0.1. Furthermore, it promotes the foundation of a selection herd of female camels of Kazakh breed having an index of lactation with the range of 90-120%, and their index of milk production varying from 4.5 to 6.5. The suggested index estimation allowed selecting females of Turkmen dromedary within the Kazakh breed having the highest index of milk production most precisely.
Formation of adipose tissue in Kazakh white-headed bull- calves from sires with a different genotype for the thyroglobulin gene
Authors: Makaev Sh A , Dzhulamanov K M , Gerasimov R P 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The improvement of breeding herds is based on the selection and intensive use in reproduction of linear sires with the desired genotype for DNA markers associated with the quality of meat products. The aim of our research was to study the formation of adipose tissue in Kazakh white-headed bull-calves from sires with different genotypes for the TG5 gene. The object of the study were bull-calves the offspring from sires with different genotypes for the thyroglobulin gene: TG5CC (n=6) and TG5CT (n=6). With the same live weight, young animals differed in weight and yield of internal raw fat with the superiority of progeny from heterozygous bulls by 1.8 kg (15.0%; P = 0.16) and 0.4% (P = 0.09). The TG5CT genotype in sires affected the better development of the subcutaneous fat in the middle of the last rib. The superiority of progeny from homozygous bulls was established by the back fat thickness at the root of the tail. Chemical analysis of slaughter products showed the advantage in fat synthesis of the offspring from sires with the TG5CC genotype. The intensity of fat deposition in sons from bulls with the TG5CC genotype is confirmed by the morphological composition of separate cuts. They exceeded their peers both in absolute mass and in proportion of adipose tissue in cuts. Under the same rearing conditions, the peculiarities in amount and distribution of adipose tissue in carcasses were determined in offspring from sires with different genotypes for the thyroglobulin gene.
Responsiveness of spring wheat to the use of chemicals
Authors: Keler V V , Martynova O V , Demeneva A A , Shram N V 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIncrease in grain production in the Krasnoyarsk Territory is possible with the use of three intensification factors in wheat cultivation technology – intensive varieties, increased doses of fertilizers and intensive protection. The fulfillment of these conditions makes a huge contribution to obtaining a high grain yield of excellent quality. In the conditions of agricultural intensification, with the increase in the chemical’s usage prospects for more complete potential realization of spring wheat for the formation of high yields and improving the quality of grain are opening up. The article considers the reaction of the varieties «Novosibirskaya 15», «Novosibirskaya 29», «Novosibirskaya 41» and «Altayskaya 75» to the intensification of cultivation technology. The response of the most popular spring wheat varieties to the use of nitrogen fertilizer, as well as to the introduction of herbicide, fungicide and insecticide in its crops was studied. Methods of mathematical statistics determine the degree of variation in the crop structure, as well as its amount in the above varieties of spring soft wheat after the use of pesticides and fertilizers. It is established that with financial tension in the farms of this zone, it is possible to make a choice in favor of the use of pesticides to control the number of pathogens and weeds in the phytocenosis.
The influence of root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana) on the productivity of durum wheat in the soil and climatic conditions of the Southern Urals
Authors: Mitrofanov D V , Maksyutov N A , Zorov A A , Skorokhodov V Yu , Kaftan Yu V , Voropaev S B , Zenkova N A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The detection of factors that affect the decrease in the productivity of durum wheat is the basis for the study of plant diseases in the soil and climatic conditions of the southern chernozems of the Cis-Ural region. On the basis of this premise, for the first time, studies on common root rot (Bipolaris sorokiniana) of durum wheat are conducted in field and laboratory conditions. There is the method of field experience, stationary accounting of agrometeorological conditions and disease determination is used. The results of six years research show that in the third variant of the experiment, the least spread and development of root rot is observed on a non-windy background of nutrition up to 28.6 and 10.2%. The dependence on the influence of air temperature is 94.4 and 70.0%. The highest crop yield of durum wheat was obtained in the average dry year of 2017 according to the green-manured fallow predecessor. It consists of 21.4 c on fertilized and 21.1 c per 1 ha on non-winded backgrounds of mineral nutrition. The maximum effect of root rot development on the decrease in durum wheat productivity is noted in the fourth version of the experiment and it consists of 80.04 and 89.66% on two nutrition backgrounds. The study results have a scientific and practical importance in the field of phytopathology, farming and intensive agriculture.
Productivity and resources of bird cherry (family Padus) in Russia
Authors: Luginina E A , Egoshina T L 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The paper presents data on distribution and confinement of Padus (bird cherry) species in Russia. It shows productivity, raw material stocks of the studied species within Federal districts and characterises trophic role of bird cherry fruits in wild animals’ nutrition. Decrease of collection and utilisation volumes of raw material is marked.
Conditions for surface cultivation on liquid nutrient media of the producer strain of microbiopreparation M-24 Penicillium sp., the antagonist of the sunflower Phoma rot pathogen
Authors: Maslienko L V , Voronkova A Kh , Efimtseva E A , Datsenko L A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In recent years (2019-2021), research has been carried out at the biomethod laboratory of the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops on the development of environmentally safe microbiopreparations of a multifunctional type of action with a prolonged shelf life against the pathogen of sunflower Phoma rot caused by the fungus Phoma macdonaldii Boerema, a teleomorph is Plenodomus lindquistii Gruyter, Aveskamp & Verkley. To develop the elements of the technological regulations for the production of a microbiopreparations in the preparative form of a “wettable powder” when growing the producer strain M-24 Penicillium sp. on the liquid nutrient media, there were determined the following optimal conditions for cultivating the strain: temperature is 25 °C, pH is 6; to use starch as a source of carbon nutrition is advisable; the optimal source of nitrogen nutrition is corn extract.
The results of laboratory and field studies of thermophysical processes necessary for the occurrence of landscape fires in natural swamps
Authors: Shevchenko V A , Bondareva G I , Evgrafov A V 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Investigations of the process of spontaneous combustion of peat depending on moisture content and its physical characteristics. One of the most important tasks is to ensure the environmental safety of human life. Ensuring the safety of the population and territories in emergency situations is now especially important, since the number of emergency situations is constantly growing due to vigorous human activity. Peatland fires are a serious problem in many countries with large forests.
Express bioindication of environmental pollution with mercury using yeast fungi
Authors: Novosyolova E A , Skripnik I L , Kaverzneva T T , Idrisova D I , Pshenichnaya K V 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The issues of external influence on biological objects have interested mankind since ancient times. It can significantly affect vital activity of yeast cells. Their use for bioindication and quantitative determination of the rate of gas emission depending on composition of culture liquid makes it possible to use this process for bioindication of environment. In the article, on the basis of a developed machine for measuring the rate of carbon dioxide emission by yeast fungi, which makes it possible to use it in laboratory and field conditions, the values of the effect of mercury on the process of fermentation of culture medium by yeast are given. A method for express bioindication by yeast fungi of environmental pollution with mercury has been worked out. It serves as the basis for development of guidelines for identifying and controlling sources of chemical hazards during emergency response. The experiments have shown that the maximum effect on bioactivity of yeast is exerted by the HgCl2 salt with different concentrations, which leads to a decrease in the rate of CO2 emission and deterioration of yeast vital functions.
Environmental aspects of the integrated development of forest ecosystems: zoning and visualization of multidimensional data
Authors: Kobalinskiy M V , Simonov K V , Kuimov V V , Kirillova S V 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The research is devoted to the development of information and methodological support for assessing the interaction of objects and the degree of impact on the environment within the framework of the concept of sustainable development in relation to enterprises of forest ecosystems. As a computational toolkit of the zoning technique the work uses adapted clustering and visualization methods in the form of constructing a set of Voronoi and elastic maps. The key point in the research is the choice of indicators that take into account the most important features of the process under study. Purpose of the study: revealing hidden patterns in multidimensional data on processes and phenomena that are difficult to formalize. The stages of the proposed computational technique for zoning objects of interest are given on model examples for processing and visualizing the distribution of the selected indicators
Monocathode installation for electrochemical cleaning of oil-contaminated soils
Authors: Meshalkin V P , Shulaev N S , Kadyrov R R , Pryanichnikova V V 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
One of the promising solutions for soil remediation is the impact on oil-contaminated areas with a constant electric current of small magnitude. The features of this method in comparison with others that require soil excavation or treatment with sorbents are ease of implementation, energy efficiency and economic feasibility. The cleaning process is carried out directly on the contaminated site. Electrochemical cleaning occurs when the electrodes are submerged into the soil to a depth of contamination and electric voltage applied to them. In this case, the pollutants transfer processes of under the influence of electric current and redox reactions are initiated. However, the traditional realization of the electrochemical method of cleaning soils contaminated with oil and oil products is accompanied by a high material consumption due to the large number of electrodes used, various energy losses depending on the materials of the cathode and anode and their relative position in the contaminated area, as well as insufficient environmental efficiency due to the accumulation of contaminated liquid in the cathode area. In view of the indicated disadvantages, the practical application of the method requires scientifically grounded engineering, the purpose of which is to design new energy- efficient, environmentally friendly, mobile installations.
Some aspects of ecological engineering in modern heating systems of cities
Authors: Letyagina Ekaterina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article outlines the results of a study of some aspects of implementation and use of ecological engineering elements in the heat supply systems of large urban agglomerations of the Russian Federation. It considers important problems associated with the definition of the term ecological engineering, defines the elements of ecological engineering that can be introduced into the sphere of heat supply of large urban agglomerations. It provides the data on heat energy losses in some subjects of the Russian Federation with harsh climatic conditions, in which heat supply to the large cities lasts for over 9 months a year. The article also identifies the main challenges the heat supply systems used in large metropolitan agglomerations of the Russian Federation face related to the modernization and digital transformation of the heat supply sector of Russian cities. It designates the main problems and opportunities of ecological engineering, which will allow, if widely implemented, providing remote control of the operation of district heating systems, controlling their temperature regime and pressure in pipelines, carrying out the necessary engineering calculations of the functioning of the systems relative to the topography of a particular urban agglomeration. In addition, the study outlines important components of the digitalization of district heating systems in cities to ensure their efficient, effective and, most importantly, safe for the ecosystems of large urban agglomerations, functioning. It has been established that ecological engineering in the district heating industry of large urban agglomerations has to be directed at conservation and restoration of the reserves of natural thermal resources, as well as the natural environment as a whole, by reducing the intensity of operation and emissions into the atmosphere that are produced during the processing of fuel resources.
Spatial and sectoral features in the economic development of agro-industrial and industrial territories of the region
Authors: Urasova A A , Balandin D A , Krasilnikova L E 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The paper confirms the importance of the development and application of modern tools for analysis and assessment of the spatial and sectoral features of regional development in the context of agro-industrial and industrial territories on the example of the Perm Region. To calculate the income distribution index of the population in the territories, we used statistical indicators of wages, the number of employees of agricultural and industrial organizations, as well as data on the incomes of the regeon’s wealthiest citizens. Diagnostics made it possible to identify spatial and sectoral features in the economic development of agro-industrial and industrial territories of the Perm Region and group them into three types. It has been established that the lowest incomes of the population are observed in territories with a predominant agro-industrial profile. A conclusion is made about the need for regular monitoring and applying analysis results in the development and adjustment of strategies or plans for the spatial and sectoral development of a particular constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
Melilot of the Caspian region and prospects of their conveyor use
Authors: Mukhambetov B , Abdinov R , Tauova N , Didenko I , Nurgaliyeva G 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The data of daily conveyor production of melilot hay, harvested mainly in early highly nutritious phases of development, branching and budding, are presented. Melilot, possessing a number of important advantages over other feed crops, nevertheless, are not popular among agricultural practitioners because of their coarse stems, low feed intake and high content of coumarin in plants. Undoubted advantages of melilot include: high yield of hay, haylage and green mass, seeds; salt tolerance and possibility of reclaiming saline lands without drainage and soil leaching; sun resistance; drought resistance; winter hardiness; low irrigation rate; high nutritional value and digestibility of feed; high protein content in plants; low cost cultivation; possibility of obtaining high yields without introduction of nitrogen fertilizers, unpretentiousness to soil fertility; excellent phytomeliorant and soil orderly; soil fertility restorer and excellent precursor for many crops. The varieties of melilot created for cultivation on saline lands of the Caspian Sea region provide an extension of conveyor period of pasture use and harvesting of their raw materials up to 188 days per season.
New algorithms for providing safe food raw materials: lessons from the pandemic
Authors: Slozhenkina M I , Fedotova G V , Lamzin R M , Gorlov I F , Kuznetsov Yu V , Moroz N Yu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The food crises of the 21st century are characterized by the presence of multidirectional obstacles of a socio-economic and organizational nature in the structure of international relations that function on the problems of maintaining a wide range of export-import supplies of raw and related resources. This situation is caused by the specifics of the international epidemiological situation with the widespread incidence of COVID-19, which leads to the adoption of extraordinary measures to counteract the further aggravation of this situation. Additional factors in the formation of food crises are the complication of the full functioning of natural-artificial aggregates of elements that make up the system of agro-industrial production, formed within the framework of national socio-economic systems, as well as in the structure of international food production and consumer relations. The main means of overcoming these crises consist in the development and further implementation of rational resource-saving technologies for the functioning of the agro-industrial complex with the extraction of various components from the environment, subject to the minimum possible negative impact on it. Thus, the most important ways to overcome the food crises, which are aggravated by the spread of COVID-19, are the sustainable partnership of state management structures and representatives of the private sector of the economy through modern electronic and digital communications in the development of advanced resource-saving technologies for the production of high-quality food, providing comprehensive public-private financial support for the production of high-quality food, as well as comprehensive compliance with epidemiological safety standards.
Peculiarities of breeding work with red foxes obtained as a result of dominant color mutations
Authors: Balakirev N A , Shumilina N N , Larina E E , Galatskaya A A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The proportion of the silver-black breed population in the fox gene pool by 2019 was 89.3%, the Vyatka ognevka accounted for 9.9%, so only 0.8% remained for the entire colored population. However, it is no secret that the market does not tolerate uniformity. One of the most effective ways to increase sales of any product, including fur products, is to expand the assortment. The fox industry has something to offer the consumer: in the niche of fur farming by the variety of colorful forms with it can be compared only with mink. Unfortunately, despite the fact that the history of "color" fox breeding dates back to the 30s of the last century, at present there is a lack of systematized information in Russian on various aspects of breeding mutant color forms of the fox. This work is devoted to determining the optimal breeding methods for obtaining the maximum number of young foxes of original coloration obtained as a result of dominant mutations. Research objective is to reveal and generalize the peculiarities of breeding work with foxes of snow, white-marbled, platinum and marbled colors. To this end, the following tasks have been set: to analyze the reproduction rates of female and male foxes of the above colors; to compare the results of reproduction depending on age; to identify the most productive type of crossbreeding for the breeding of the foxes presented. The article presents the results of various interbreeding of silver-black, snow, marbled and red foxes. Analysis of mating of animals of different ages has been carried out. The optimal combinations of parental pairs are revealed.
Polymorphism of genes among heifers with different types of constitution
Authors: Tyulebaev S D , Kadysheva M D 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of the manifestation of the polymorphic state of single nucleotide (SNP) genes CAPN1 and TG5 among 15-16 month old heifers of the Bredy meat type simmentals, evenly distributed over the constitution of the body type. For the study, the real-time PCR method was used with the using of oligonucleotide primers (GenBank) on an Applied Biosistems 3130 automatic DNA sequencer using a standard protocol with forward and reverse primers. In animals, in the corresponding constitutional ranks, the growth rates and the state of meat forms at the age of 15 months were studied in a comparative aspect. Significant differences were revealed in the assessment of meat forms of leptosomal and eirosomal animals in favor of more significant points in eirosomal animals. For the dense type, this superiority was 4.4 points (P <0.01), and for the loose type, respectively, 5.2 points (P <0.01). The results of genotyping revealed some interesting facts. If the even distribution of genotypes according to constitutional types was determined by the CAPN1 gene, then the TG5 gene was characterized by their significant displacement. Thus, the homozygous desired TT genotype of this gene, determined in 7.5% of the animals in the sample, was found only in heifers with a loose constitution type, and 2/3 of them were found in the group of eirosome animals. Consequently, for eirosome animals with a loose type of constitution, predominant saturation of DNA with the T allele of the TG5 gene is characteristic, which may be a sign of a possible manifestation of beef marbling associated with this gene.
Impact of the seeding rate on the yield and its quality of the new sunflower hybrids
Authors: Bushnev A S , Borisenko O M , Mamyrko Yu V , Gridnev A K 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The effect of different seeding rates, providing the density of 40, 60, and 80 thousand plants/ha, on the yield and its quality of the new sunflower hybrids of VNIIMK breeding (Immi, Arneb, Gorfild) was studied at the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (VNIIMK) (Krasnodar) in 2019-2020. The purpose of the research is to determine the effect of different seeding rates on the elements of plant productivity, yield, oil content of seeds, and oil yield of promising sunflower hybrids. The sunflower hybrid Arneb appeared to be the most stable in terms of productivity at different seeding rates. It has a high tolerance to its increase even under a water deficiency. Hybrids Immi and Gorfild are more susceptible to plant thickening. Their productivity is decreasing in unfavorable water conditions.