bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling Analysis of Wnt Family Genes Affecting Adipocyte Differentiation in Cattle
Authors: Pan Cuili , Wang Shuzhe , Yang Chaoyun , Hu Chunli , Sheng Hui , Xue Xiaoshu , Hu Honghong , Lei Zhaoxiong , Yang Mengli , Ma Yun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Wnt is a family of conserved glycoproteins that functions in a variety of crucial biological processes including tissue regeneration, animal development, and cell proliferation and differentiation. For its functional diversity and importance, Wnt gene family has gained considerable research interest in a variety of species. However, comprehensive identification and analysis of Wnt genes in Bovinae is lacking. In this study, we identiﬁed the repertoire of Wnt genes in cattle and seven other species of Bovinae and obtained 19 Wnt genes. Protein properties of these Wnt genes were also described. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 149 Wnt proteins in Bovinae, together with 38 Wnt proteins from human and mouse, were clustered into 12 major clades. The Wnt genes belonging to the same subfamilies shared similar protein motif compositions and exon-intron patterns. Chromosomal distribution and collinearity analysis of Wnt genes among cattle and five species of Bovinae revealed that this gene family was conservative in evolution. RNA-seq data analysis indicated that Wnt genes exhibited tissue-specific expression patterns in cattle. qPCR analysis of Wnt gene family showed that each gene had a unique expression pattern during bovine adipocytes differentiation. And the comprehensive analysis indicated that Wnt2B may regulate adipose differentiation through activation of FZD5, which is worthy of further study. Our study presents the first genome-wide study of Wnt gene family in Bovinae, and lay the foundation for further functional characterization of the Wnt family in bovine adipocytes differentiation.
Days to Visit an Offshore Island: Effect of Weather Conditions on Arrival Fuel Load and Potential Flight Range for Common Blackbirds Turdus Merula Migrating Over the North Sea
Authors: Kelsey Natalie , Hüppop Ommo , Bairlein Franz 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Crossing open water instead of following the coast(line) is one way for landbirds to continue migration. However, depending on prevailing weather and the birds’ physiological condition, it is also a risky choice. To date, the question remains as to which interplay between environmental conditions and physiological condition force landbirds to stop on remote islands. We hypothesise that unfavourable winds would affect lean birds with low energy resources, while poor visibility would affect all birds regardless of their fuel load. Methods: To test this hypothesis, we used data of 1312 Common Blackbirds Turdus merula, caught while stopping over on Helgoland during autumn and spring migration. Arrival fuel load was measured using quantitative magnetic resonance technology. Weather parameters (wind and relative humidity as a proxy for visibility) were interpolated for the night before arrival. Further, we calculated whether caught individuals would have managed to successfully cross the North Sea instead of landing on Helgoland, depending on wind conditions. Results: Both wind and relative humidity the night before arrival were correlated with arrival fuel load. After nights with strong headwinds, birds caught the following day were mostly lean, most of which would not have managed to cross the sea if they had not stopped on Helgoland. On the other hand, fat birds that could have successfully travelled on were caught mainly after nights with high relative humidity (≥ 80%). Furthermore, the rate of presumably successful flights was lower due to wind: although only 9% of all blackbirds captured on Helgoland had insufficient fuel loads to allow safe onward migration in still air, real wind conditions would have prevented 30% of birds from successfully crossing the sea during autumn and 21% during spring migration. Conclusions: We were able to decipher how physiological condition, wind and relative humidity force blackbirds to stop on a remote island. Adverse winds tend to affect lean birds with low energy resources, while poor visibility affects all birds, regardless of whether the arrival fuel load was sufficient for onward flight. Our findings will help to understand different migratory strategies and explain further questions like migration timing.
Dendritic cells transfected with a polyepitope DNA construct stimulate an antitumor cytotoxic response in various tumor diseases
Authors: Kurilin Vasily , Kulikova Ekaterina , Shevchenko Julia , Lopatnikova Julia , Obleukhova Irina , Khantakova Julia , Maksyutov Amir , Kuznetsova Maria , Khristin Alexander , Kiryshina Natalya , Kozlov Vadim , Sidorov Sergey , Sokolov Andrey , Vitsin Alexander , Sennikov Sergey 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) loaded with tumor-associated antigens (TAA) are known to be the important agents in antitumor response realization and still figure in lots of treatment schemes in cancer immunotherapy research. Here, we evaluated a cell-based protocol involving the use of original DNA constructs encoding the wide range of TAA epitopes expressed on different epithelial cancers. The constructs were transfected into ex-vivo-generated DCs of cancer patients (breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer). Direct cytotoxicity assay of effector cells, activated with the transfected DCs, showed a significant increase in the cytotoxicity against autologous tumor cells. The use of DNA-constructs encoding a large number of TAA’s for the in vitro DC loading to activate the T cell response could be a reliable and unified approach for immunotherapy and relapse prevention in patients with epithelial cancers.
Surface Texturing Behavior of Nano-copper Particles under Various Copper Salts System during Copper-assisted Chemical Etching
Authors: Hong Shihao , Ma Liang , Chen Xiuhua , Li Shaoyuan , Ma Wenhui , Chang Yuanchih 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this work, the effects of different copper salts on the etching behavior of n-type monocrystalline silicon wafers were detailedly studied by Cu-assisted chemical etching method. Firstly, the inverted pyramid, inverted pyramid-like and oval pit texturing structures were obtained by HF/H2O2/Cu(NO3)2, HF/H2O2/CuSO4 and HF/H2O2/CuCl2 etching systems. Then, the evolution of copper particles deposition behavior was studied to reveal the influencing mechanism of different anion species, the textured wafer surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and ultraviolet-visible (UV) spectrophotometer, the etching rate, silicon wafer thinning and the deposition amount of copper particle was systematically analyzed. We conclude that the binding force between anion and cation, the oxidation of anions and the formation of complex groups [CuCl2]− lead to great difference in the deposition behavior of copper, resulting in different etching morphology and etching rate. The moderate size copper particles deposited from HF/H2O2/Cu(NO3)2 system make that the etching process is mild and the anisotropic etching ability can fully demonstrated, and the regular inverted pyramid structures can be formed under low thinning of silicon wafers. This work will provide guidance for controllable preparation of inverted pyramid structure and future application in high efficiency solar cells.
Utilizing intrapartum transperineal ultrasound in the second stage of labor to predict the difficulty in operative forceps delivery
Authors: Chen Hui , Liang Xuxia , Zhang Shanshan , Nong Zhiwei , Huang Chunli , Ma Yanhua , Liao Shaoxia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objectives:
To assess the predictive value of intrapartum transperineal ultrasound (ITU) measurements, including angle of progression (AOP) and head direction (HD), for the difficulty of forceps delivery in occiput anterior position.
Methods:
This prospective observational study was conducted among 21 nulliparous women with singleton term pregnancies with an indication for forceps delivery. Two operators performed ITU (AOP and HD) immediately before blade application, both at rest and with concurrently contraction and active pushing. Managing obstetricians were blinded to the ultrasound data. A forceps delivery was classified as “complicated” when one or more of the following situations occurred: three or more tractions, a subjective impression of a difficult traction, failed forceps delivery, a third-degree or higher perineal tear and a significant neonatal lesion.
Results:
Of 21 cases, we identified 5 cases of complicated forceps deliveries. AOP at rest (AOP1) was 127.67 ± 11.35° in complicated group and 143.68 ± 15.08° in uncomplicated group (P = 0.043); AOP during contraction (AOP2) was 161.44 ± 9.25° versus 179.55 ± 15.81° (P = 0.026). HD at rest (HD1) was 14.81 ± 15.39° versus 20.30 ± 9.81° (P = 0.351); HD during contraction (HD2) was 26.77 ± 14.99° versus 35.97 ± 10.21° (P = 0.131). By calculating the area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve (AUC), the measurements of AOP1 and AOP2 and their combination (Combined prediction score = -28.790 + 0.105*AOP1(°) + 0.094*AOP2(°)) showed significant predictive values for a safe forceps delivery. The AUCs were 81.3% (95CI 58.4%-94.7%), 83.8% (95 CI 61.3%-96.0%) and 92.5% (95%CI 72.3%-99.4%), respectively. The optimal cut-offs were an AOP1 of 127.8° (sensitivity = 81.25%, specificity = 80%), an AOP2 of 171.4° (sensitivity = 75%, specificity = 100%) and a new combined prediction score of 1.376 (sensitivity = 81.25%, specificity = 80%).
Conclusions:
Using the measurements of AOP1 and AOP2 and their combination can predict a high probability of safe forceps delivery, and such prediction can be helpful for the obstetricians in clinical decision-making.
miR-3065-3p promotes stemness and metastasis by targeting CRLF1 in colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Yi fan , Xun Jing , Wang Bo tao , Ma Yuan , Zhang Lan qiu , Yang Lei , Gao Rui fang , Guan Jun , Liu Tian yu , Gao He jun , Wang Xi mo , Zhang Qi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancy in the world. It has been reported that cancer stem cells (CSCs) serve as the primary drivers of tumorigenesis and tumor progression. There is an urgent need to explore novel molecules that regulate CSCs or their signatures. Increasing evidence has shown that miRNAs are involved in tumorigenesis and progression. Here, we aim to explore the regulatory effect and mechanism of miR-3065-3p on the stemness of colorectal cancer.Methods: The expression of miR-3065-3p in colorectal cancer and the association of miR-3065-3p expression with prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer were analyzed using TCGA dataset or clinical cases. Gain of function in different models, including colorectal cancer cell lines and orthotopic xenograft or liver metastatic mouse model, were used to investigate the effects of miR-3065-3p on colorectal cancer stemness adn metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Cancer stemness was analyzed by detecting the ability of migration and invasion, NANOG, OCT4, and SOX2 expression, ALDH activity and sphere formation. In addition, the interaction of miR-3065-3p and cytokine receptor-like factor 1 (CRLF1) was analyzed theoretically and identified by the luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, the correlation between CRLF1 expression and miR-3065-3p was analyzed in colorectal cancer tissues. Finally, the effect of CRLF1 on the stemness and metastasis of colorectal cancer in vitro and in vivo was assessed.Results: In this report, we found that miR-3065-3p was overexpressed in colorectal cancer and that its high expression was associated with poor prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. miR-3065-3p promotes the stemness and metastasis of colorectal cancer. Furthermore, CRLF1 was the downstream target of miR-3065-3p and inhibited the stemness of colorectal cancer. In addition, CRLF1 expression was negatively correlated with miR-3065-3p in colorectal cancer tissues. In addition, CRLF1 mediated the effects of miR-3065-3p on promoting stemness-related transcription factor expression in colorectal cancer cells.Conclusion: Our data suggest that miR-3065-3p promoted the stemness and metastasis of colorectal cancer by targeting CRLF1. miR-3065-3p might serve as a promising prognostic marker as well as a therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
Domain Reconstruction and Mutation Approach to Expand Creative Design Solution Space for Practical Mechanical Systems
Authors: Li Yutong , Wang Yuxin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Mechanical systems are fundamental means and carriers for expanding human physical strength. Their novelty is the key factor to determine the cost of manufacture and maintenance, service life, reliability, and other comprehensive performance of products. However, the function-based synthesis methods mainly focus on expanding the solution space in the function layer; each artifact only matches a subfunction individually. Consequently, the obtained physical structures to realize the overall function of design problems are bloated rather than concise. For overcoming this flaw，a computerized creative design system for solving non-routine design problems based on the domain synthesis theory in quotient space was proposed in our previous studies by introducing two bottom-up rule-based matching processes to replace the function-form direct mapping in the FBS model and using form-independent and solution-neutral fine granularity function units to describe the subfunctions. In this paper, the domain reconstruction and mutation processes are introduced to expand the solution space of creative design and increase the creativity of matching physical structures for mechanical systems further. The case study shows that domain reconstruction can effectively imitate human experts' creative design skills to realize the ingenious combination of mechanisms and expand the function-form mapping solution space to the creative solution space. Moreover, the domain mutation can obtain more simplified physical structures to realize the complex top-level functions with few constituent devices. Utilizing fewer and simpler constituent physical structures to meet the functional requirements synergistically determine that the physical structures of mechanical systems figured out by the platform have prominent market competitive advantages due to their structural simplicity and novelty.
Practical Tracking Control of a Class of Uncertain Surface Vessels Under Weak Assumptions on Uncertainties and Reference Trajectories
Authors: Li Jian , Xu Wenqing , Wu Zhaojing , Liu Yungang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the tracking control of a class of uncertain surface vessels. The main contributions focus on the considerable relaxation of the severe restrictions on system uncertainties and reference trajectory in the related literature. Specifically, all the system parameters are unknown and the disturbance is not necessarily to be differentiable in the paper, but either unknown parameters or disturbance is considered but the other one is excluded in the related literature, or both of them are considered but the disturbance must be continuously differentiable. Moreover, the reference trajectories in the related literature must be at least twice continuously differentiable and themselves as well as their time derivatives must be known for feedback, which are generalized to a more broad class ones that are unknown and only one time continuously differentiable in the paper. To solve the control problem, a novel practical tracking control scheme is presented by using backstepping scheme and adaptive technique, and in turn to derive an adaptive state-feedback controller which guarantees that all the states of the resulting closed-loop system are bounded while the tracking error arrives at and then stay within an arbitrary neighborhood of the origin. Finally, simulation is provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results.
Longitudinal study of a SARS-CoV-2 infection in an immunocompromised patient with X-linked agammaglobulinemia
Authors: Ciuffreda Laura , Lorenzo-Salazar José M. , Alcoba-Florez Julia , Rodriguez-Pérez Héctor , Gil-Campesino Helena , Íñigo-Campos Antonio , de Artola Diego García-Martínez , Valenzuela-Fernández Agustín , Hayek-Peraza Marcelino , Rojo-Alba Susana , Alvarez-Argüelles Marta Elena , Díez-Gil Oscar , González-Montelongo Rafaela , Flores Carlos 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We describe the case of a 23-year-old immunocompromised male patient with clinically diagnosed X-linked agammaglobulinemia who was admitted to the hospital on the 14th April 2020 due to coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). Despite COVID-19 test negativizations, the patient was hospitalized most of the time and finally admitted to the intensive care unit where he died from multiorgan failure and shock. Over 149 days, 26 respiratory samples were collected, subjected to viral genome sequencing, and all assigned to the same lineage, supporting a single viral infection event. The accumulation of mutations throughout the course of the infection was accelerated and suggested the presence of compartmentalized viral subpopulations that evolved independently in the upper and lower respiratory airways. These results support that long-term viral shedding in immunocompromised patients is one possible mechanism for the emergence of variants of concern and provide evidence towards the infection control guidelines in these patients.
Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus nanoparticles as a Platform for Drug Delivery to Shh-dependent Medulloblastoma
Authors: Lico Chiara , Tanno Barbara , Marchetti Luca , Novelli Flavia , Giardullo Paola , Arcangeli Caterina , Pazzaglia Simonetta , Podda Maurizio , Santi Luca , Bernini Roberta , Baschieri Selene , Mancuso Mariateresa 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Background: Medulloblastoma (MB) is a primary central nervous system tumor that affects mainly young children. New strategies of drug delivery are urgent to treat this cancer and, in particular, the SHH-dependent subtype - the most common subgroup in infants - in whom radiotherapy is precluded due to the severe neurological side effects. Plant virus nanoparticles represent an innovative solution to approach this challenge.Methods: Tomato Bushy Stunt virus (TBSV) was functionally characterized using a murine model as carrier for targeted delivery to Shh-MB. The TBSV nanoparticles surface was engineered with peptides described as enabling targeting to brain cancer cells and the modified particles were then produced on large scale using Nicotiana benthamiana plants. Results: Tests on primary cultures of Shh-MB cells and on their cerebellar precursors allowed to define the most efficient peptides able to induce specific uptake of the viral NPs. Immunofluorescence and molecular dynamics simulations supported the hypothesis that the specific targeting of the NPs was mediated by the interaction of the peptides with their natural partners and reinforced by the presentation in association to the viral particle. In vitro experiments demonstrated that the delivery of Doxorubicin through the chimeric TBSV particles allowed to reduce the dose of the chemotherapeutic agent necessary to induce a significant decrease in tumor cells viability. Moreover, the systemic administration of TBSV nanoparticles in MB symptomatic mice confirmed the ability of the virus particles to reach the tumor in a specific manner. A significant advantage in the recognition of the target appeared when TBSV NPs were functionalized with the CooP peptide.Conclusion: Overall, these results open new perspectives for the use of TBSV particles as vehicle for the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics to MB in order to reduce early and late toxicity.
Legal Factors and Psychological Stress of Health Professionals in the Forensic Area: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Silva João Paulo Nogueira da , Furtado Monalisa Pereira , Magalhães Celina Maria Colino , Pedroso Janari da Silva 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The illness of mental health workers in the forensic area has multifactorial causes, but among the main ones is the stress resulting from legal factors at work, such as workload; bylaws; wage; promotion; resignation; assignments; safety rules; legislation for the promotion, prevention and protection of health in the workplace; regulation of risky activities, as they significantly vary the health-disease process of health personnel by directly interfering with their work mode and rhythm. Evidence shows that it is the population group more prone to stress, physical and mental exhaustion, and suicide, unlike the rest of the population. It is noteworthy the fact that 90% of the world population suffers from stress, according to the World Health Organization. Given the growth of primary research on the subject and its importance in the various health outcomes, it is necessary to start processes of compilation and synthesis of this evidence to facilitate understanding of the importance of legal factors as stressors to the work routine of health professionals in the forensic area.Methods: The studies included will be original qualitative and quantitative research articles. This systematic review protocol will be conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Manual and will follow PRISMA-P guidelines. Searches will take place from August 2021 to October 2021 and will be performed from the following electronic databases: APA PsycNet, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Oxford Journals and ScienceDirect. Two reviewers will obtain eligible articles, published from 1990 to 2020, to assess the quality of each study and extract data. A narrative and qualitative synthesis will be used to analyze the primary results, and choose the articles relevant to the research objective.Discussion: The results of this review will contribute to a better understanding that stress in the workplace is not restricted to clinical and organizational factors, but also occurs as a result of legal factors. This expanded understanding of the causes of work stress can better support discussions on the reformulation of legislation related to prevention, promotion and recovery of workers' health effectively. Ethics and dissemination: Ethics committee approval is not required for a systematic review protocol. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed health or social science journal.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO CRD42021225442