bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What Does the Chinese General Public Understand About Dementia Prevention?
Authors: Zeng Li , Fan Tianli , Zhou Jie , Chang Jing , Song Dan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Although considerable progress has been made on the risk factors of dementia, less is known about the extent of the gaps between the general public’s understanding of dementia prevention and contemporary scientific evidence. This study aimed to determine the beliefs and knowledge of dementia prevention among the Chinese general public and examine the sociodemographic factors of the belief and knowledge of dementia prevention. Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional design. A total of 358 Chinese adults aged over 40 years were recruited from four healthcare centers. Descriptive statistics and multivariate regression analyses were conducted. We designed questionnaires that include items on the belief of dementia prevention, risk factors for dementia, and health education needs regarding dementia prevention based on previous literature.Results: Only 32.4% of the respondents agreed that dementia is preventable. The correct response rate is low for the items that suggest that cardiovascular risk factors are dementia risk factors. Younger age, higher education, and having contact with patients with dementia are associated with stronger belief that dementia is preventable. Older age, higher income, higher education, having memory complaint, and having contact with patients with dementia are associated with a better understanding of dementia risk factors. A total of 88.9% respondents thought that they are not well informed of dementia from public education, and most respondents (65%) prefer receiving dementia-related health advice from primary care providers.Conclusion: The present study reveals the great gaps between the Chinese general public’s knowledge of dementia prevention and the latest research evidence. Public health educational programs for all age groups are encouraged to close this knowledge gap. More attention and resources should be paid to individuals with low income and low education level as they have limited access to dementia prevention information. Researchers should work in partnership with primary care providers to help translate evidence into community practice with a special focus on the link between cardiovascular risk factors and dementia.
Enhancing digital ink-jet printing patterns quality through controlling the crystallinity of cotton fibers
Authors: Zhao Hongzhi , Wang Dezhen , Fang Kuanjun , Zhang Kun , Pan Ying , Liu Qingbao , Shi Furui , Xie Ruyi , Chen Weichao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Cotton fibers have a high crystallinity, which makes a large number of reactive hydroxyl groups blocked and therefore affects the ink-jet printing performance of reactive dyes on cotton fabrics. In this work, the alkali treatment was employed to adjust the structure of cotton fibers. The crystallinity of treated cotton fibers reduced from 73.9–58.5%, and the breaking strength did not decrease compared with original cotton fiber. Thus, the accessible reactive hydroxyl groups and the wettability were enhanced for treated cotton fibers, which promoted the penetration of inks into the fibers. The optimal K/S value of 23.47 was achieved for treated cotton fabrics which was higher than that of untreated cotton fabrics (17.15). Meanwhile, the printed fabrics displayed good washing fastness, rubbing fastness and glossiness. This work provides an effective way for improving the utilization of dye solution and producing high-quality cotton fabric digital printing products.
The tsRNAs (tRFdb-3013a And tRFdb-3013b) Serve As Novel Biomarkers For Colon Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Wu Xiaoling , Tan Lihong , Tang Zhurong , Wen Chunjie , Chen Huan , Cao Weiguo , Zou Hecun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The tsRNAs (tRNA-derived small RNAs) are novel class of small non-coding RNAs derived from transfer-RNAs. Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) are well known malignant intestinal tumors. This study focused on the identification and characterization of tsRNA biomarkers in colon adenocarcinomas. Methods: Data processing, bioinformatic analysis and visualization were performed with R or Python software. The cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability were described by CCK-8 and transwell assays. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to test the binding of tsRNA with its target.Results: With computational approaches, we identified the tsRNA fragments profiles within COAD datasets, and discriminated forty-two differentially expressed tsRNAs between colon adenocarcinomas and non-tumor controls. Among the fragments derived from the 3′ end of mature tRNA-His-GUG (a histidyl-transfer-RNA), tRFdb-3013a and tRFdb-3013b (tRFdb-3013a/b) were significantly decreased in colon adenocarcinomas, especially, tRFdb-3013a/b may tend to down-regulated in the patients with lymphatic or vascular invasion present. The clinical survival of colon adenocarcinomas patients with low tRFdb-3013a/b expression was significantly worse than that of high expression patients. In colon adenocarcinoma cells, tRFdb-3013a could suppressed cell proliferation, and reduced cell migration and invasion ability. The enrichment analyses showed that most of tRFdb-3013a-related genes were enriched in the extracellular matrix associated GO terms, phagosome pathway, and a GSEA molecular signature. Mechanically, the 3′UTR of ST3GAL1 mRNA was predicted to contain the putative binding sites of tRFdb-3013a/b, tRFdb-3013a/b might directly target ST3GAL1 and regulate ST3GAL1 expression in colon adenocarcinomas. Conclusions: These results suggested that tRFdb-3013a and tRFdb-3013b might serve as novel biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of colon adenocarcinomas, and play an important role in tumor progression of colon adenocarcinomas.
Shedding Light On An Undiscovered Aspect That Perfectly Mimics Cosmic Acceleration
Authors: Takkhi Karan R. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The comparison of redshift-distance relationship for high and low-redshift supernovae revealed the surprising transition of Universe’s expansion from deceleration to acceleration. As compared to local supernovae, remote supernovae are further away than expected. The expansion rate obtained for local supernovae is higher with low redshifts as compared to the expansion rate obtained for remote supernovae with high redshifts. Since observed redshifts provide an estimate of recession/expansion velocities in order to determine the expansion rate (km s-1 Mpc-1) of the Universe, therefore, it is very disturbing to find that low recession velocities (just 1% of speed of light) indicate a faster rate of expansion (acceleration), whereas high recession velocities (60% of speed of light) indicate a slower rate of expansion (deceleration). In this paper I unravel an undiscovered aspect that perfectly mimics cosmic acceleration. Rather than “cosmic deceleration that preceded the current epoch of cosmic acceleration”, I show that “consecutive expansion epochs of the Universe that preceded the current expansion epoch were responsible for placing remote supernovae further away than expected”. As a consequence of consecutive expansion, expansion began for remote structures in preceding expansion epochs before it did for local structures in the current expansion epoch; remote supernovae are therefore not only further away than expected, but they also happen to yield a slower rate of expansion even with “superluminal expansion velocities”. As a result of consecutive expansion, preceding expansion epochs appear to be decelerating as compared to the expansion epoch that succeeds them. The results obtained have been confirmed by plotting velocity-distance relationship, expansion rate vs. time relationship, expansion factor vs. time relationship, scale factor vs. time relationship, scale factor vs. distance relationship, distance-redshift relationship, and distance modulus vs. redshift relationship, moreover, deceleration parameter (q0) is also found to be negative (q0 < 0).
Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms, Job Burnout And Career Choice Regret of Postgraduates In Stomatology
Authors: Yang Lu , Zhong Xiaogang , Long Huiqing , Chen Fangchun , Jin Xin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: In China, the shortage of doctors leads to an increase in workload. Especially after the new crown epidemic（COVID-19）, excessive workload may lead to both physical and mental fatigue of doctors. Students' choices and opinions about the doctoral （health care）industry are particularly important. However, we don't know much about the work and living conditions of postgraduates in Stomatology. The purpose of this research is to investigate the depressive symptoms, job burnout and job satisfaction of individual dental graduate students and their personal professional characteristics after the outbreak of coronavirus disease-2019. Methods: The study directed to the correlations between depressive symptoms, burnout and career choice regret and their factors. The questionnaire covers demographic information, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and added programs to evaluate career choice regret. Results: There are 580 dental graduate students who will return to complete the questionnaire in 2021. After excluding partial questionnaires, the data of 558 participants were analyzed. In total, 44.1% of the participants had symptoms of depression. 41.0% of the participants experienced symptoms of burnout and 41.6% of the participants had regrets about their career choices. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the average daily sleep time was associated to depressive symptoms (P<0.05). At the same time, job burnout (OR = 5.38, 95% CI 3.67–7.88) and career choice regret (OR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.41–3.05) were risk factors for depressive symptoms. There was a relationship between job burnout, average study time per week and average daily sleep time(all P<0.05). Depressive symptoms were the biggest risk factor for burnout (OR = 5.28, 95% CI3.62-7.69). There was a relationship between career choice regret, postgraduate entrance examination score and average daily sleep time(all P<0.05). Job burnout (OR = 1.82, 95% CI1.24-2.66) and depressive symptoms (OR = 2.15, 95% CI1.48-3.14) were both risk factors for career choice regret. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms, job burnout, and career choice regrets are common in postgraduates majoring in Stomatology . An in-depth understanding of relevant factors is essential to determine the reduction and prevention of burnout and career choice regrets in this group.
The Experience of Online Learning During COVID-19 Among Physiotherapy Undergraduates in a Lower Middle Income Country: A Report From Sri Lanka
Authors: Pathmanathan Cinthuja , de Zoysa Piyanjali 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction/background: Online learning have existed for over a decade. However, lower middle income countries, such as Sri Lanka, have hardly utilized these services. Instead, they follow the traditional in-person teaching activities. Yet, with the onset of COVID-19, due to sheer necessity, an alternative method had to be utilized if university education was to proceed. Hence, this study’s main objective was to explore the experience of online learning among physiotherapy undergraduates during the pandemic.Method: An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among physiotherapy undergraduates from all three universities in Sri Lanka that offer a physiotherapy degree. The study questionnaire, consisting of 49 items, was formulated based on a literature review. Each item assessed an aspect of online learning. Results: Of the 147 responses obtained, 72% were females and 50% of the participants were from the 3rd year of study. The results indicated that during the pandemic period, 63% of the participants spent between 10-40 hours on online learning. Students’ perception about online learning was assessed. Higher average values were obtained for all students’ perceptions statements regarding online learning. However, the perceived effectiveness of online learning, as compared to in-person learning, had a relatively low mean score. Being able to stay at home and to learn at their own pace were commonly mentioned advantages of online learning. However, 36% of participants indicated that internet connectivity issues impacted their learning whilst 78% of the participants indicated that clinical teaching and practical classes could not be replaced by online teaching. Hence, it appears that about 77% of the participants prefer a hybrid learning method, even post-pandemic, which is opined to be made more effective if the classes are more interactive, stimulating and engaging.Conclusion: The study results indicate that there are both positive and negative aspects of online learning education. Problems such as internet connectivity issues, possibly more prominent in lower income countries, should be addressed to provide a satisfactory learning experience to students. In looking to the future, post-pandemic, a hybrid teaching method would be ideal for a study programme that requires practical classes and clinical exposure.
Factors Affecting Transfusion During Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: A Retrospective Study of 665 Cases
Authors: Zhao Hong , Li Jun-Sheng , Li Li , Wang Hang , Miao Yi , Guo Jian-Ming 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the aspects affecting transfusion following percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).Background: From 2016 to 2019, 665 patients underwent PCNL for removal of renal calculi in our center. Complications, including hemorrhages, have been reported. Twenty-three patients (3.5%) have received a blood transfusion and twelve (1.9%) were treated by hyper-selective embolization. We focus on the influencing factors related to postoperative blood transfusion. The factors analyzed were (age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, serum creatinine level, preoperative hemoglobin, and use of anticoagulants or antiplatelet medications); renal and stone factors (previous surgery, abnormal anatomy, stone side, stone burden, stone type); and surgical features: (access number, the calyx of puncture and stone-free rate). These data were analyzed for the presence of bleeding.Results: Among individual factors, preoperative hemoglobin level (P<0.001), and urinary infection (P<0.001) were significantly correlated with blood transfusion. Among renal and stone factors, only previous history of open surgery was significantly correlated with blood transfusion (P<0.05). Stone type or stone burden does not correlate with transfusion. There was also no statistically significant correlation between surgical features and bleeding, and a lower stone-free rate reported for transfusion group.Conclusion: The obtained results demonstrated that PCNL is a safer surgery in a high volume center, but anemic conditions, infections and history of open surgery will significantly increase transfusion rate following PCNL.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Microalbuminuric in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension in Zhengzhou City, China
Authors: Shen Ao , Wu Lina , Ma Xiaojun , Jing Na , Ding Xiaoxu , Pan Mengxing , Zhao Linlin , Qin Guijun , Zhao Yanyan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is uprising in the paralleled with the increase of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The objective of this study was to assess the value of macroalbuminuric of kidney disease in diabetic and/or hypertensive patients and the risk factors associated with microalbuminuric. Methods: A total of 3986 patients diagnosed with diabetes and/or hypertension aged 40 years and over was investigated by randomized cluster sampling in the Zhengzhou community and 1453 participants were analyzed in this study. The clinical data were investigated, including the urinary albumin–to-creatinine ratio (ACR), total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, glycated hemoglobin of HbAlc, fasting plasma glucose, 2-h postprandial plasma, and serum creatinine. The ACR was applied to designate albuminuric. The prevalence of macroalbuminuric was calculated and the risk factors associated with macroalbuminuric were evaluated by stepwise logistic regression. Results: These comprised 612 males and 841 females and the mean age of all patients was 60.6±9.3 years. The prevalence of microalbuminuric and macroalbuminuric was 12.0%, 1.6%, respectively. The prevalence of microalbuminuric in patients with diabetes, hypertension and both diabetes and hypertension were 8.4%, 9.7% and 17.6%, respectively. In subjects with both diabetes and hypertension, the prevalence of microalbuminuric, macroalbuminuric were significantly higher than those who had diabetes or hypertension only. Logistic regression analysis showed microalbuminuric to be significantly associated with systolic blood pressure (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.36-2.72; P < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (OR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.02-2.28; P = 0.038), HbA1c (OR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.64-3.26; P < 0.001). Fasting plasma glucose (OR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.18-2.71; P = 0.006) and hypertension (OR: 2.45; 95% CI: 1.64-3.65; P < 0.001) were the main independent factors for microalbuminuric in diabetic patients with hypertension or not. Conclusion: The prevalence of microalbuminuric observed in patients diagnosed with diabetes and/or hypertension aged over 40 reached up to 12.0% in the Zhengzhou community. Microalbuminuric was strongly associated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and HbA1c. Fasting plasma glucose and hypertension were the main independent factors for microalbuminuric in diabetic patients with hypertension or not.
Emergency Physicians’ Perceptions of Critical Appraisal Skills: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Wood Sumintra , Paulis Jacqueline , Chen Angela 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundCritical appraisal of medical research is a valuable skill set that emergency physicians must learn in order to become competent clinicians. Despite the need for effective critical appraisal skills training, these skills have remained difficult to teach and assess. This study aimed to explore emergency physicians’ perceptions of the barriers and motivations for learning critical appraisal skills in order to develop more successful critical appraisal training methods for Emergency Medicine (EM) residents.MethodsThis qualitative study involved in-depth semi-structured interviews with emergency physicians interested in education and administration at an urban academic hospital. Transcribed interviews were descriptively coded by three main reviewers. A coding template was developed after coding an initial set of interviews and used to code the remaining transcripts. A thematic analysis of the codes was conducted to create a summary report which was given to the interviewees as part of a member checking process to further solidify themes.ResultsFourteen emergency physicians participated in the study. They described time limitations, perceived difficulty, and disinterest as major barriers to learning critical appraisal, and patient care as well as professional identity goals of being a good educator or researcher as motivations for developing critical appraisal skills.ConclusionThere remain significant challenges to learning critical appraisal skills as well as an increasing need to build these skills during residency. Educational theories and a greater emphasis on professional identity formation during residency can be incorporated to create a more effective approach to teaching critical appraisal skills despite these barriers.
Successions of Soil phoD And gcd Microbial Communities Along a Chronosequence of Sand-Fixation Forest
Authors: Wang Fei , Zhang Ying , Xia Yong , Cui Zhenbo , Cao Chengyou 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Revegetation by planting shrubs on moving sand dunes is widely used to control desertification in arid/semi-arid areas. The soil microbial community can gradually recover along with plantation development. The purposes of this study were (1) to investigate the responses of microbial communities involved in the mineralization of soil organic phosphorus (OP) and dissolution of inorganic P (IOP) to the development of sand-fixation plantation and (2) to discuss the interactions between P turnover microbial communities and soil properties. We detected the diversities of soil phoD gene (one of the Pho regulons encoding alkaline phosphomonoesterases) and gcd gene (encoding glucose dehydrogenase) and the compositions of phoD and gcd communities by using the high-throughput Illumina MiSeq sequencing technique in a chronosequence of Caragana microphylla plantations (0-, 10-, 20-, and 37-year plantations and a native C. microphylla shrub forest) in Horqin Sandy Land, northeast China. Soil properties including soil nutrients, enzymatic activity, and P fractions were also determined. The abundance of phoD and gcd genes linearly increased with the plantation age. However, the diversity of soil phoD microbes was more abundant than that of gcd. The phoD gene abundance and the fractions of total OP and IOP were positively correlated with the activity of phosphomonoesterase. Actinobacteria and Streptomycetaceae were absolutely dominant phoD taxa, while Proteobacteria and Rhizobiaceae were absolutely dominant gcd taxa. Plantation development facilitated the progressive successions of soil phoD and gcd communities resulting from the asymmetric increase in the abundance of dominant taxa. Soil total N, NH4-N, and available K were the main factors affecting the structures of phoD and gcd communities, while pH was not the main influencing factor in such arid and nutrient-poor sandy soil. Many phoD or gcd operational taxonomic units were classified into Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium, suggesting the coupling relationship between soil P turnover and N fixation.
Halophytes Increase Rhizosphere Microbial Diversity And Network Complexity In Inland Saline Ecosystem
Authors: Qiu Liping , Kong Weibo , Zhu Hansong , Zhang Qian , Banerjee Samiran , Ishii Satoshi , Sadowsky Michael J. , Gao Jianlun , Feng Changzeng , Wang Jingjing , Chen Chunliang , Lu Tianhui , Shao Mingan , Wei Xiaorong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Salinization is an important global environmental problem influencing sustainable development of terrestrial ecosystems. Salt-tolerant halophytes are often used as a promising approach to remedy the saline soils. Yet, how halophytes affect rhizosphere microbial diversity, and microbes’ association and functions in saline ecosystems remains unclear, restricting our ability to assess plant fitness to salt stress and to remediate saline ecosystems. Herein, we examined bacterial and fungal diversities, compositions, and co-occurrence networks in the rhizospheres of six halophytes and bulk soils in a semiarid inland saline ecosystem. We also established the relationship of microbial structure and network complexity to microbial functions.Results: The microbial communities in rhizospheres were more diverse and complex than those the bulk soils. The connections of taxa in the rhizosphere microbial communities increased with fungi-fungi and bacteria-fungi connections and fungal diversity, but decreased with bacteria-bacteria connections and bacterial diversity. The proportion of the fungi-related central connections were larger in the rhizospheres (13-73%) than the bulk soils (3%). Additionally, fungi accounted for 27-63% of the keystone taxa identified in the microbial co-occurrence networks present in the rhizospheres, whereas the keystone taxa identified in the bulk soils were all bacteria/archaea. Moreover, microbial activity and residues were significantly higher in the halophyte rhizospheres than the bulk soils, and were significantly correlated with microbial composition and co-occurrence network complexity.Conclusions: These results indicated that halophytes shaped rhizosphere microbiomes and increased microbial diversity and network complexity in inland saline ecosystem, while fungi enhanced rhizosphere microbiota associations. The increased microbial network complexity contributed to the higher microbial functions in rhizosphere soils.