bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability and validity of SHMS v1.0 for suboptimal health status assessment of Tianjin residents and factors affecting sub-health
Authors: Miao Jiameng , Liu Ju , Wang Yao , Zhang Yuelin , Yuan Hongxia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The study aimed to explore the reliability and validity of the Sub-Health Measurement Scale version 1.0 (SHMS v1.0) for the assessment of the suboptimal health status (SHS) of Tianjin residents.
This was a cross-sectional study that surveyed 2640 urban residents in Tianjin from June 2016 to January 2018. Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected. Each subject completed the SHMS v1.0 and Short Form-36 (SF-36) scale assessments.
The retest coefficient was 0.675. The overall Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.921. The correlation between SHMS v1.0 and SF-36 was 0.781 (P < .01). The SHS frequency increased with age, from 62.4% in participants ≤25 years of age to 72.8% in those ≥ 56 years of age. The multivariable analysis showed that female sex (P < .001), age >25 years old (P = .009), bachelor degree or above (P < .001), obesity (P < .0), regular smoking (P = .043), frequent drinking (P = .045), sleep time < 6 hours (P = .006), working time >10 hours (P < .001), physical exercise <5 times/mo (P < .001), and adverse events >9 (P < .001) were associated with SHS.
The prevalence of SHS is high among urban residents in Tianjin.
The role of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide on the cardiac output of patients with acute decompensated heart failure using Guyton venous return curve
Authors: Liu Jian ling , Zhang Xiao fei , Liu Zhi , Li Jie min , Wen Zhen jie , Zhang Ming , Lin Qin han , Kou Qiu ye 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
rbBNP has positive cardiac effects in patients with acute decompensated heart failure, but its effects on the systemic venous circulation are not known.
A single-center retrospective, self-controlled study was conducted on 14 patients undergone recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) treatment between January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2018.
The cardiac output (CO) significantly increased from 3.75 ± 1.14 L min-1 to 4.24 ± 0.97 L min-1 30 minutes after rbBNP infusion, and to 4.20 ± 1.19 L min-1 3 hours later. The systemic vascular resistance significantly decreased from 18.85 ± 7.66 mm Hg min L-1 to 14.62 ± 6.13 mm Hg min L-1 30 minutes. The resistance to venous return (VR) significantly decreased from 5.93 ± 4.97 mm Hg min L-1 to 4.46 ± 1.53 mmHg min L-1 3 hours later. The mean systemic filling pressure significantly decreased from 32.71 ± 20.00 mm Hg to 28.254 ± 6.09 mm Hg 3 hours later.
The role of rhBNP on CO was to reduce the peripheral circulation resistance at 30 minutes after rhBNP infusion and to reduce the resistance to VR at 3 hours later.
This trial is registered at ChiCTR: ID ChiCTR1900024562.
The relationship between the expression of soluble programmed cell death-1 and cancer pain
Authors: Zhu Guangfeng , Jiang Yi , Wang Hejie , Shao Shichao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
The immune checkpoint programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) plays a critical role in immune regulation. Recent studies have demonstrated functional PD-1 expression in peripheral sensory neurons, which contributes to neuronal excitability, pain, and opioid analgesia. However, the relationship between the expression of soluble programmed cell death-1(sPD-1) and cancer pain is controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between sPD-1 expression level and cancer pain through meta-analysis.

Methods:
Studies were selected from Pubmed, Web of science, Embase, Google Scholar, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using the random-effect model or fixed-effect model to assess the association between sPD-1 expression level and cancer pain. All analyses were performed with the Stata 14 software.

Results:
This review will be disseminated in print by peer-review.

Conclusion:
The results of this study will help us to determine whether the expression level of sPD-1 is related to cancer pain.

Ethics and dissemination:
The private information from individuals will not be published. This systematic review also should not endanger participant rights. Ethical approval is not available. The results may be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated in relevant conferences.

OSF REGISTRATION NUMBER:
DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/WDPUY.
A non-invasive model for predicting liver fibrosis in HBeAg-positive patients with normal or slightly elevated alanine aminotransferase
Authors: Li Ling , Ye Yongan , Ran Yun , Liu Shuyan , Tang Qiyuan , Liu Yaya , Liao Xuejiao , Zhang Juanjuan , Xiao Guohui , Lu Jian , Zhang Guoliang , He Qing , Hu Shiping 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Early and accurate diagnosis of liver fibrosis is necessary for HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with normal or slightly increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Liver biopsy and many non-invasive predicting markers have several application restrictions in grass-roots hospitals. We aimed to construct a non-invasive model based on routinely serum markers to predict liver fibrosis for this population.
A total of 363 CHB patients with HBeAg-positive, ALT ≤2-fold the upper limit of normal and liver biopsy data were randomly divided into training (n = 266) and validation groups (n = 97). Two non-invasive models were established based on multivariable logistic regression analysis in the training group. Model 2 with a lower Akaike information criterion (AIC) was selected as a better predictive model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to evaluate the model and was then independently validated in the validation group.
The formula of Model 2 was logit (Model value) = 5.67+0.08 × Age −2.44 × log10 [the quantification of serum HBsAg (qHBsAg)] −0.60 × log10 [the quantification of serum HBeAg (qHBeAg)]+0.02 × ALT+0.03 ×  aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.89 for the training group and 0.86 for the validation group. Using 2 cut-off points of −2.61 and 0.25, 59% of patients could be identified with liver fibrosis and antiviral treatment decisions were made without liver biopsies, and 149 patients were recommended to undergo liver biopsy for accurate diagnosis.
In this study, the non-invasive model could predict liver fibrosis and may reduce the need for liver biopsy in HBeAg-positive CHB patients with normal or slightly increased ALT.
Subdural contrast extravasation after percutaneous coronary intervention mimicking acute subdural hematoma
Authors: Chen Jinghua , Xie Ping , Huang Jian , Sheng Eryan , Liu Kefu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Subdural contrast extravasation (SCE) is a rare and possible complication following the intravascular injection of a contrast agent. We report a case of interhemispheric SCE detected by computed tomography (CT) after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Patient concerns:
A 71-year-old man suddenly lost consciousness and fainted 2 hours prior with a head trauma history. Percutaneous coronary intervention was performed on the second day.

Diagnoses:
Head CT findings showed that the anterior longitudinal fissure of the brain was banded with high density and was uneven in thickness. The edge of the falx side of the brain was straight, smooth, and sharp, and the edge of the brain parenchyma was clear, without obvious edema or a space-occupying effect.

Interventions:
Ticagrelor was given as an antiplatelet therapy; analgesic, antispasmodic symptomatic and supportive treatment was also administered.

Outcomes:
Two days later, the band-like high density between cerebral hemispheres was completely absorbed, and the patient's condition improved and his headache resolved.

Lessons:
SCE is relatively uncommon during or after the intravascular injection of contrast media. Familiarity with the clinical features and CT findings of SCE may increase clinicians’ awareness of this disease, thus avoiding potential misdiagnosis and mistreatment.
Based on biomedical index data
Authors: Guo Hanxu , Jia Xianjie , Liu Hao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
To explore the influencing factors of prostate cancer occurrence, set up risk prediction model, require reference for the preliminary diagnosis of clinical doctors, this model searched database through the data of prostate cancer patients and prostate hyperplasia patients National Clinical Medical Science Data Center.
With the help of Stata SE 12.0 and SPSS 25.0 software, the biases between groups were balanced by propensity score matching. Based on the matched data, the relevant factors were further screened by stepwise logistic regression analysis, the key variable and artificial neural network model are established. The prediction accuracy of the model is evaluated by combining the probability of test set with the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).
After 1:2 PSM, 339 pairs were matched successfully. There are 159 cases in testing groups and 407 cases in training groups. And the regression model was P = 1 / (1 + e (0.122 ∗ age + 0.083 ∗ Apo lipoprotein C3 + 0.371 ∗ total prostate specific antigen (tPSA) −0.227 ∗ Apo lipoprotein C2–6.093 ∗ free calcium (iCa) + 0.428 ∗ Apo lipoprotein E-1.246 ∗ triglyceride-1.919 ∗ HDL cholesterol + 0.083 ∗ creatine kinase isoenzyme [CKMB])). The logistic regression model performed very well (ROC, 0.963; 95% confidence interval, 0.951 to 0.978) and artificial neural network model (ROC, 0.983; 95% confidence interval, 0.964 to 0.997). High degree of Apo lipoprotein E (Apo E) (Odds Ratio, [OR], 1.535) in blood test is a risk factor and high triglyceride (TG) (OR, 0.288) is a protective factor.
It takes the biochemical examination of the case as variables to establish a risk prediction model, which can initially reflect the risk of prostate cancer and bring some references for diagnosis and treatment.
Efficacy and safety of double-filtration plasmapheresis treatment of myasthenia gravis
Authors: Liu Chaoying , Liu Peng , Ma Mei , Yang Hongxia , Qi Guoyan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Objectives:
To evaluate the efficacy of double-filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) treatment of myasthenia gravis (MG) through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:
PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP), and Wanfang databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical controlled trials (CCTs) on DFPP for MG from database establishment to June 2019. Two researchers independently screened the articles, extracted the data, and cross checked the results. RevMan 5.3 was used for statistical analyses.

Results:
Seven RCTs and 2 CCTs were found comprising 329 patients. The results showed that clinical MG remission rate after DFPP treatment was significantly higher (OR = 4.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.97–9.53; P < .001) and the serum levels of antititin antibody was significantly decreased (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 9.30; 95% CI, 7.51–11.08; P < .001). In addition, the quantitative MG (QMG) score, hospital stay and time to remission of MG symptoms, and acetylcholine receptor antibody (AchRAb) decreased in the DFPP treatment group; however, these outcomes had high heterogeneity among the studies. Only one study has reported on the adverse effects, including hypotension and hematoma.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis suggests that DFPP can be recommended for the short-term mitigation of MG. Because our review was limited by the quantity and quality of the included studies, the above conclusions should be verified by additional high-quality studies.
Apatinib combined with S-1 as second-line therapy in advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Qiu Zhi-Yuan , Qin Rong , Tian Guang-Yu , Zhang Zhao , Chen Meifang , He Han , Xi Yan , Wang Yan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients are not tolerant to the toxicities of traditional chemotherapy and its second-line therapeutic regimens are limited. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of apatinib combined with S-1 as the second-line therapy for AGC patients.
Patients with AGC were enrolled in this study. Patients received oral apatinib (250 mg to 500 mg once daily) and S-1(40 mg/m2 twice daily) on days 1–14. Each cycle was 28 days and one course of treatment consisted of 2 cycles. Clinical efficacy and adverse events (AEs) were observed. Kaplan–Meier method was used for survival analysis.
From November 2015 to December 2017, 58 AGC patients who failed first-line chemotherapy were enrolled and assessed retrospectively. According to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) standard, all patients were evaluable for response. None achieved CR, and 10 (17.2%) achieved PR (95% CI 7.2%–27.3%). SD was observed in 58.6% (34/58) of patients (95% CI 45.6%–71.7%) and NR in 24.1% (14/58) of patients (95% CI 12.8%–35.5%). The objective response rate (ORR) and the disease control rate (DCR) were 17.2% and 75.8% respectively. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) were 143.1 days (95% CI 121.7–164.5) and 211.6 days (95% CI 162.9–219.7) respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that the ECOG PS was the independent factor of PFS and OS for AGC patients (PFS: HR = 3.565, 95% CI: 2.25–5.65, P < .001; OS: HR = 3.676, 95% CI: 2.29–5.89, P < .001). The main AEs were fatigue (72.4%), hypertension (46.6%), and leukopenia (48.3%).
Apatinib combined with S-1 showed promising efficiency and was well tolerated as the second-line therapy for AGC patients. ECOG PS was the independent factor of PFS and OS for AGC patients. AEs were moderate and controllable, and leukopenia or hypertension was predictable factors for the PFS and OS of AGC patients.
Effects of endplate healing morphology on intervertebral disc degeneration after pedicle screw fixation for thoracolumbar fractures
Authors: Su Yunshan , Ren Dong , Liu Dehang , Li Junfei , Wang Tianci , Qi Wei , Wang Yunpeng , Chen Yufeng , Wang Pengcheng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The cartilage endplate plays an important role in the stress distribution and nutrition metabolism of the intervertebral disc. The healing morphology of the endplate after spinal fracture and its effect on the intervertebral disc degeneration are still unclear.
This was a retrospective study. Patients with traumatic single-level thoracolumbar fractures treated in our orthopedic trauma service center from June 2011 to May 2019 were included and the relevant data were collected from the medical records. Based on combined computed tomography and MRI images, the endplate injury status was determined (no endplate injury, unilateral and bilateral endplate injury). According to the location of the injury, endplate injury was further divided into endplate central injury and endplate peripheral injury. The degree of posttraumatic disc lesions and disc degeneration during follow-up were classified based on the Sander classification and the Pfirrmann classification, respectively. According to the T1 image of MRI at the final follow-up, the healing morphology of endplates was determined and classified. Univariate analyses and correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the within- and between-group differences.
There were in total 51 patients included in this study. Cartilage endplate fracture was significantly closely related to the degree of degeneration of the intervertebral disc (P = .003). Injuries in different parts of the endplate have no significant effect on the intervertebral disc degeneration (P = .204). The healing morphology after endplate fracture significantly affected the degree of intervertebral disc degeneration (P = .001). The comparisons of groups showed that the effects of irregular healing and traumatic Schmorl nodes on disc degeneration were not statistically significant, but were significantly significant with increased curvature.
These results suggest that the irregular healing and the traumatic Schmorl nodes are closely related to intervertebral disc degeneration. The presence and severity of the endplate injury can provide valuable information for individualized clinical decision-making processes.
Redefining the tail of pancreas based on the islets microarchitecture and inter-islet distance
Authors: Ravi Praveen Kumar , Singh Sudipta Ranjan , Mishra Pravash Ranjan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Researchers divided the pancreas distal to the neck into 2 equal parts as the body and tail region by an arbitrary line. Surgeons considered the part of the pancreas, left to the aorta as the tail region. We performed this study to identify the transition zone of low-density to high-density islet cells for redefining the tail region.
We quantified islets area proportion, beta-cell area proportion, and inter-islet distance in 9 Indian-adult-human non-diabetic pancreases from autopsy by using anti-synaptophysin and anti-insulin antibodies. Data were categorized under 3 regions like the proximal body, distal body, and distal part of the pancreas.
Islet and beta-cell area proportion are progressively increased from head to tail region of the pancreas with a significant reduction in inter-islet distance and beta-cell percentage distal to the aorta. There is no significant difference in inter-islet distance and beta-cell percentage of the distal part of the body and tail region.
Crowding of islets with intermingled microarchitecture begins in the pancreas distal to the aorta, which may be the beginning of the actual tail region. This study will provide insight into the preservation of islets-rich part of the pancreas during pancreatectomy and future prediction of new-onset diabetes.
Genetic testing involving 100 common mutations for antenatal diagnosis of hereditary hearing loss in Chongqing, China
Authors: Hu Hua , Zhou Peng , Wu Jiayan , Lei Wei , Wang Yang , Yang Ying , Liu Hailiang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
To understand the possible carrier status of genes associated with hereditary hearing loss (HHL) in the general population among local residents and to give genetic counseling for pregnant women.
A total of 3541 subjects were recruited. We used multiplex PCR technology combined with next-generation sequencing technology to detect 100 hotspot mutations in 18 common deafness-related genes. The homozygous mutation screening results were verified using Sanger sequencing.
Of the 3541 participants, 37 alleles of 8 deafness genes were detected. A total of 145 (4.09%) were found to be GJB2 gene mutation carriers, and the hotspot mutation was c.235delC (1.54%). Twenty three (0.65%) were found to be GJB3 gene mutation carriers. A total of 132 (3.37%) were found to be SLC26A4 gene mutation carriers, and the hotspot mutation was c.919-2A > G (0.49%). Forty four (1.24%) were found to be mitochondrial DNA mutation carriers. Sanger sequencing results verified that 2 cases were homozygous for the c.235delC mutation and that 1 case was homozygous for the c.754T > C mutation.
Genetic testing for pregnant women and their partners allows early identification of the molecular etiology of hearing loss (HL). On the one hand, it could give genetic counseling for pregnant women, such as early diagnosis of delayed deafness and drug-susceptible deafness. On the other hand, it could be used to assess hearing conditions during pregnancy, leading to prevention and timely intervention for newborns.
Efficacy of autologous platelet-rich plasma in treating patients with burn wounds
Authors: Wu Yan-Hong , Zhang Li-Ming , Wang Yu-Zhi , Chen Jian-Wu , Zhang Bin , Tang Jian-Bing , Cheng Biao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
Burns are still regarded among severe health problems related to high morbidity and mortality rates globally. In essence, health problems associated with burns can cause significant economic burden to society. Regardless of treatment available options, no best treatment was considered adequate for treating severe burns. In particular, only a few studies have focused on the effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma to treat burn wounds. The present study aim to systematically review existing literature to examine the effectiveness and safety of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to treat burn wounds.

Methods:
For this study, we will conduct a systematic search using MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, as well as Scopus to discover randomised controlled trials (RCTs) for the examination of effectiveness and safety of autologous PRP to treat burn wounds from their inception to March 2021 with no language restrictions. Additionally, we will search Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.gov, as well as the reference lists of studies considered in the research to ascertain possibly eligible studies. We used two independent authors to evaluate studies for inclusion and conduct data extraction. We intend to assess study bias and quality utilizing the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias Tool 2.0. Also, we will pool study results using the fixed-effects model or random-effects model. Finally, any disagreements emanating from the process will be addressed through discussion or using a third author to mediate situations leading to disagreement.

Results:
The study aims at assessing the effectiveness and safety of autologous PRP for treating burn wounds.

Conclusion:
The study will provide specific substantiation to assess autologous PRP's effectiveness and safety in treating patients with burn wounds.

Ethics and dissemination:
The study does not require ethical approval since no published studies are used in it.

OSF registration number:
March 29, 2021.osf.io/74z5u. (https://osf.io/74z5u/)
Effect of probiotics on the nutritional status of severe stroke patients with nasal feeding that receive enteral nutrition
Authors: Liu Xiaomin , Zhang Yasu , Chu Jiahao , Zheng Jie , Cheng Xue , Li Xinmin , Long Junzi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background:
Malnutrition is commonly observed after stroke and is closely associated with poor clinical outcomes. So, early nutrition support is particularly crucial for severe stroke patients. However, a significant number of critically ill patients are intolerant to enteral nutrition (EN). Probiotics have been widely used in malnutrition by various diseases and have a low incidence of enteral intolerance. So, we aim to elucidate the efficacy of probiotics in EN in improving the nutritional status and clinical prognosis of severe stroke patients with nasal feeding.

Method:
Embase, PubMed, Sinomed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang database, and Vip Journal Integration Platform were searched from inception to March 31, 2021. Randomized controlled trials that applied probiotics in patients with severe stroke were included. The data were extracted and the risk of bias was assessed independently by 2 evaluators.

Results:
Twenty-four studies comprising 2003 participants of randomized controlled trials were included. The result of pooled analyses showed that probiotics in EN were associated with better outcomes than EN alone on Glasgow Coma Scale score (mean difference [MD] = 1.03, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.78–1.27; P < .00001), infection events (odds ratio [OR] = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.15–0.43; P < .00001), rate of intestinal flora dysbiosis (OR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.12–0.48; P < .0001), gastrointestinal complications (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.16–0.37, P < .00001), time to reach target nutrition (MD = −1.80, 95% CI: −2.42 to 1.18, P < .00001), prealbumin content (MD = 25.83, 95% CI: 13.68–37.99, P < .0001).

Conclusion:
Our results demonstrated that probiotics supplementation might be an effective intervention for improving the clinical prognosis in severe stroke patients with nasal feeding, but no significant effect on increasing muscle circumference.