bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activatable 19F MRI Nanoprobes for Visualization of Biological Targets in Living Subjects
Authors: Lin Hongyu , Tang Xiaoxue , Li Ao , Gao Jinhao 
Published: April 2021

AbstractVisualization of biological targets such as crucial cells and biomolecules in living subjects is critical for the studies of important biological processes. Though 1H magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has demonstrated its power in offering detailed anatomical and pathological information, its capacity for in vivo tracking of biological targets is limited by the high biological background of 1H. 19F distinguishes itself from its competitors as an exceptional complement to 1H in MRI through its high sensitivity, low biological background, and broad chemical shift range. The specificity and sensitivity of 19F MRI can be further boosted with activatable nanoprobes. The advantages of 19F MRI with activatable nanoprobes enable in vivo detection and imaging at the cellular or even molecular level in deep tissues, rendering this technique appealing as a potential solution for visualization of biological targets in living subjects. Here, recent progress over the past decades on activatable 19F MRI nanoprobes made from three major 19F‐containing compounds, as well as present challenges and potential opportunities, are summarized to provide a panoramic prospective for the people who are interested in this emerging and exciting field.
Using Light for Better Programming of Ferroelectric Devices: Optoelectronic MoS2‐Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 Memories with Improved On–Off Ratios
Authors: Lipatov Alexey , Vorobeva Nataliia S. , Li Tao , Gruverman Alexei , Sinitskii Alexander 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFerroelectric (FE) devices are conventionally switched by an application of an electric field. However, the recent discoveries of light–matter interactions in heterostructures based on 2D semiconductors and FE materials open new opportunities for using light as an additional tool for device programming. Recently, a purely optical switching of FE polarization in heterostructures comprising 2D MoS2 and FE oxide perovskites, such as BaTiO3 and Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT), was demonstrated. In this work, it is investigated whether this optical switching has a practical value and can be used to improve functional characteristics of MoS2‐PZT FE field‐effect transistors for nonvolatile memory applications. It is demonstrated that the combined use of an electrical field and visible light improves the nonvolatile ON/OFF ratios in MoS2‐PZT memories by several orders of magnitude compared to their purely electrical operation. The memories are read at zero gate voltage (VG) in darkness, but their ON and OFF currents, which routinely varied for different devices by over 105, are achieved by programming at the same VG = −6 V with (ON state) and without (OFF state) light illumination, demonstrating its crucial importance. The light can likely serve as an important tool for better programming of a large variety of other semiconductor‐FE devices.
Elucidating the Roles of Fenton Reactants in Drug‐Treated Cells by Using a Selective Rhodamine‐Thiophenol Fluorogenic Sensor
Authors: Wang Zhanlong , Yeo Jia Hao , New Elizabeth J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe Front Cover artwork is provided by the group of Prof. Elizabeth J. New at The University of Sydney, Australia. The cover picture shows the structure of RTFt1, a rhodamine‐based sensor that can report on the presence of the Fenton reactants, Fe(II) and H2O2. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/anse.202100001.
Characterization of minocycline loaded chitosan/polyethylene glycol/glycerol blend films as antibacterial wound dressings
Authors: Zoghi Nastaran , Fouani Mohamad Hassan , Bagheri Hamed , Nikkhah Maryam , Asadi Nasibe 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWound care has been a challenging subject for medical teams and researchers. Bacterial infections are one of the most serious complications in injured skins that often affect healing process. Antibacterial wound dressings can be used to facilitate wound healing process. The purpose of this study is to fabricate chitosan (Chito)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) antibacterial wound dressing doped with minocycline, and to evaluate the influence of composition ratio on the blending properties of the films. To improve the mechanical properties of these films, we examined various amounts of glycerol as a plasticizer. Moreover, we investigated morphological and mechanical aspects, water uptake, degradation, water vapor transmission and wettability properties of the films prepared with various ratios of Chito/PEG/Gly. Assessment of mechanical properties revealed that film containing 80:20 ratio Chito/PEG with 40 PHR Gly content exhibits the highest ultimate tensile strength and elongation at break (9.74 MPa and 45.73% respectively). Furthermore, results demonstrated that upon increasing PEG and Gly contents, degradability and hydrophilicity of the films increased whereas water uptake decreased. Water vapor transmission rate of the films was close to the range of 530–1200 g/m2d, indicating that the as formed films are possible candidates for dressing low exudate wounds or burns. Minocycline loaded films exhibited a biphasic drug release profile and it was more effective on gram‐positive bacteria than on gram‐negative bacteria. The polymeric film with the highest amount of loaded drug (2%) exhibited insignificant cytotoxicity (88%) against normal fibroblast cell line.
Study on ink flow of silicone rubber for direct ink writing
Authors: Shao Yuanrui , Han Ruijie , Quan Xudong , Niu Kangmin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDirect ink writing of soft materials is a very promising technology in 3D printing, and the rheological properties of inks are crucial for successful printing. In this paper, the effect of the rheological properties on the printing process of silicone rubber inks is studied to lay a foundation for the configurations of 3D printing process parameters. Also, the shape retention of the printing filaments is studied to provide a basis for the viscosity deployment of the inks. In addition, by studying the die swell ratio of nano‐silica‐reinforced silicone rubber inks at normal printing speed, it is found that the die‐swell ratio is proportional to the ink's relaxation time. Finally, the influence of the configuration of the short‐nozzle on the die swell is investigated, and the concave nozzle has a smaller extrusion swelling effect than the convex nozzle and the conical nozzle, providing new ideas for the adjustment of the filament diameter.
Oxygen barrier property of synthesized polyacrylate coatings containing inter‐chain cross‐linking architecture on PET film
Authors: Zhong Wen , Yang Xiaobin , Gao Hongwei , Bai Yongping 
Published: April 2021

AbstractA series of coatings which applied for improving the oxygen barrier property of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film were prepared based on the copolymerization of methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, diallyl maleate, and maleic acid (MA). The chemical structures of the coatings were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometer. The curing behavior was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry. The oxygen permeability (Po2) was measured by gas permeability tester. The molecular weight was investigated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Po2 is inversely proportional to the oxygen barrier property that the decrease of Po2 indicates the improvement of oxygen barrier property. The coating containing inter‐chain cross‐linking structure formed by the dehydration of carboxylic acid improves the oxygen barrier property of PET film greatly. With the increasing content of MA, the oxygen barrier capability of coated PET film is enhanced according to the Po2 decreasing from 1.450 to 0.8956. The Po2 of coated PET film is minimized by selecting N‐methyl pyrrolidone as solvent for polymerization. The GPC results indicate that the oxygen barrier of novel coated PET film can be obtained when the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is up to the stipulated value.
Das Parkhaus der Zukunft als vernetzter „Urban Hub“
Authors: Handrich Melanie , Merkle Sebastian , Christ Niels , Bienzeisler Bernd 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDer ruhende Verkehr ist einer der größten Flächenfresser in deutschen Großstädten. Vor dem Hintergrund der Mobilitätswende sind Kommunen und Parkraumbetreiber gefordert, kreative und innovative Strategien zur effizienteren Nutzung von Parkflächen zu entwickeln. Ein besonderes Augenmerk wird dabei auf Parkhäusern liegen, die perspektivisch weitaus mehr Funktionen erfüllen werden als einzig und allein die Bereitstellung von Flächen zum Abstellen von Kraftfahrzeugen. Das Parkhaus der Zukunft vereint unterschiedliche Mobilitäts‐ und Zusatzdienste und fungiert somit als vernetzter „Urban Hub“. Dadurch wird es zum zentralen Element stadträumlicher Entwicklung und zur Drehscheibe für innovative und intermodale Mobilität. Der nachfolgende Beitrag zeigt auf, welche gegenwärtigen Trends die Mobilität in Städten und Gemeinden beeinflussen und inwieweit neue (Service‐)Ökosysteme das Parken und die Rolle von Kommunen und Parkraumbetreibern im Zuge der zunehmenden Plattformökonomie perspektivisch verändern werden. Darüber hinaus wird ein Einblick in das Konzept Apcoa Urban Hubs der Apcoa Parking gegeben, welche der größte Parkraumbewirtschafter Europas ist.
Tucker3 modelling of EEMF spectroscopic data sets using restrained initialization of spectral variables: fluorimetric analysis of mixtures consisting of bioactive molecules
Authors: Kumar Keshav 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe excitation−emission matrix fluorescence (EEMF) spectroscopic technique provides a viable means of analyzing samples from different fields. EEMF spectral data sets are much larger in volume, so that they can only be interpreted using novel data analysis techniques. Here, a novel spectral initialization approach was introduced to fit the Tucker3 model to EEMF spectral data. The suggested method involved variable initialization in a restrained way, yielding initial estimates of EEMF spectra that were comparable with experimentally acquired EEMF profiles. Tucker3 modelling of EEMF spectra with these initial estimates made these analyses fast and computationally economical. The Tucker3 model with the proposed initialization approach was found to yield much purer spectral and concentration profiles. The proposed approach was validated by successfully processing the EEMF spectral data sets of biomolecule mixtures.
Clinical research associates experience with missing patient reported outcomes data in cancer randomized controlled trials
Authors: Palmer Michael J. , Krupa Terry , Richardson Harriet , Brundage Michael D. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundMissing patient reported outcomes data threaten the validity of PRO‐specific findings and conclusions from randomized controlled trials by introducing bias due to data missing not at random. Clinical Research Associates are a largely unexplored source for informing understanding of potential causes of missing PRO data. The purpose of this qualitative research was to describe factors that influence missing PRO data, as revealed through the lived experience of CRAs.MethodsMaximum variation sampling was used to select CRAs having a range of experiences with missing PRO data from academic or nonacademic centers in different geographic locations of Canada. Semistructured interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed according to descriptive phenomenology.ResultsEleven CRAs were interviewed. Analysis revealed several factors that influence missing PRO data that were organized within themes. PROs for routine clinical care compete with PROs for RCTs. Both the paper and electronic formats have benefits and drawbacks. Missing PRO data are influenced by characteristics of the instruments and of the patients. Assessment of PROs at progression of disease is particularly difficult. Deficiencies in center research infrastructure can contribute. CRAs develop relationships with patients that may help reduce missing PRO data. It is not always possible to provide sufficient time to complete the instrument. There is a need for field guidance and a motivation among CRAs to contribute their knowledge to address issues.ConclusionThese results enhance understanding of factors influencing missing PRO data and have important implications for designing operational solutions to improve data quality on cancer RCTs.
Use of 1064 nm Nd:YAG Laser Biostimulation for Immediate Reversal of a Long‐Standing Paresthesia of the Superior Labial Branch of the Infraorbital Nerve Following a Root Coverage Procedure: A Case Report
Authors: Timko Alan M. 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionParesthesia is a common cause of dental malpractice litigation. Symptoms range from minimal to severely affecting the quality of life. Effective treatments of post‐traumatic paresthesias are scarce. This case report documents the first reported use of laser biostimulation to reverse a long‐standing paresthesia of the infraorbital nerve, resulting from a root coverage procedure of the maxillary right canine.Case presentationA coronally repositioned flap with enamel matrix derivative was used to treat gingival recession on the buccal surface of tooth #6 of a 35‐year‐old Caucasian female. One week later the patient reported lip numbness. The patient declined further treatment, and the paresthesia remained unchanged for the next 13 months. The patient then consented to laser biostimulation with a 1064 nm neodymium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser. A single laser biostimulation treatment resulted in an immediate and dramatic improvement of lip sensation. The patient's symptoms improved over the next 2½ years without further treatment.ConclusionThe cause of the paresthesia and the exact mechanism of its reversal remain unknown, although speculated causes and the possible mechanisms of action of low‐level laser therapy are discussed. Laser biostimulation for treatment of peripheral nerve injury is noninvasive and may eliminate the need for corticosteroids or other more invasive treatment modalities. It may not be effective in all paresthesia cases, but when used properly, laser therapy offers a safe treatment alternative for an often troubling problem.
Chemical Fixation of Carbon Dioxide by Heterogeneous Porous Catalysts
Authors: Hazra Chowdhury Ipsita , Hazra Chowdhury Arpita , Sarkar Priyanka , Islam Sk. Manirul 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAs the ultimate carbon emission of the combustion process, carbon dioxide (CO2) is a serious environmental hazard in increasing the global climate temperature through the greenhouse effect. Porous heterogeneous catalysts have drawn huge interest for carbon capture and in the past decades; significant developments can be observed in their fabrication and implementation for CO2 capture and conversion. In this context, the emerging development in major porous heterogeneous catalysts such as MOFs, COFs, metal oxides etc. for CO2 capture and conversion are discussed. Their physiochemical properties and their influence on the efficiency for CO2 capture and conversion are enlightened. The review provides a concise report on various types of heterogeneous catalysts, current trends, their application in CO2 reduction and fixation for the synthesis of fuels and other important fine chemicals and future research directions for the deployment of porous heterogeneous catalysts in Carbon dioxide capture and conversion.
Lower Kaleköy Dam – A tailor made composite dam structure
Authors: Smesnik Mathias , Nowotny Hans , Verdianz Markus , Krstic Sanja , Sever Özgür 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWorldwide various type of dams are used to create reservoirs for multiple purposes. Particularly in usual cases, a single dam type is used to form a watertight barrier. Keeping safety and finance in mind, less challenging dam locations, that concerns with aspects like foundation conditions, seismicity at the dam sites, availability of construction materials, etc. are preferred. Ironically, where there is a demand for a reservoir, a suitable dam location is not always available. In those cases, these circumstances make advanced design of dam structures indispensable. An example of such a dam design is the Lower Kaleköy composite dam structure. The same consists of a roller compacted concrete gravity dam at the right bank, which is linked with one of the world's highest deformation joint to the very first asphalt core embankment dam in Turkey, situated on the left bank. The Lower Kaleköy Hydroelectric Power Plant (HEPP) constructed and operated by Kalehan Genç Enerji Üretim A.Ş. with an installed capacity of 500 MW, as part of the Beyhan Kaleköy HEPP cascade is located on the Murat River, a tributary to the Euphrat River in Eastern Turkey. This paper summarizes the design methodology developed by the design consortium (AFRY/Temelsu), headed by AFRY, for the tailored composite dam.
Functional connectome fingerprinting: Identifying individuals and predicting cognitive functions via autoencoder
Authors: Cai Biao , Zhang Gemeng , Zhang Aiying , Xiao Li , Hu Wenxing , Stephen Julia M. , Wilson Tony W. , Calhoun Vince D. , Wang Yu‐Ping 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFunctional network connectivity has been widely acknowledged to characterize brain functions, which can be regarded as “brain fingerprinting” to identify an individual from a pool of subjects. Both common and unique information has been shown to exist in the connectomes across individuals. However, very little is known about whether and how this information can be used to predict the individual variability of the brain. In this paper, we propose to enhance the uniqueness of individual connectome based on an autoencoder network. Specifically, we hypothesize that the common neural activities shared across individuals may reduce the individual identification. By removing contributions from shared activities, inter‐subject variability can be enhanced. Our experimental results on HCP data show that the refined connectomes obtained by utilizing autoencoder with sparse dictionary learning can distinguish an individual from the remaining participants with high accuracy (up to 99.5% for the rest–rest pair). Furthermore, high‐level cognitive behaviors (e.g., fluid intelligence, executive function, and language comprehension) can also be better predicted with the obtained refined connectomes. We also find that high‐order association cortices contribute more to both individual discrimination and behavior prediction. In summary, our proposed framework provides a promising way to leverage functional connectivity networks for cognition and behavior study, in addition to a better understanding of brain functions.
The severity of COVID‐19 among pregnant women and the risk of adverse maternal outcomes
Authors: Samadi Parisa , Alipour Zahra , Ghaedrahmati Maryam , Ahangari Roghayeh 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) during pregnancy and the risk of adverse maternal outcomes.MethodsA descriptive‐analytical cross‐sectional study conducted on 258 pregnant women who were hospitalized due to confirmed COVID‐19 from March 2020 to January 2021 at the Forghani Hospital in Qom, Iran. Demographic and obstetric characteristics, laboratory findings, and adverse maternal outcomes were recorded from the patients’ medical records. The Fisher exact test, one‐way analysis of variance, and regression logistics were used to assess the relationship between variables.ResultsOf the total study population, 206 (79.8%) pregnant women had mild to moderate disease, 43 (16.7%) had severe disease, and 9 (3.5%) were in the critical stage of the disease. Eight women (3.1%) died and 33 (12.8%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). The most important demographic factors associated with the severity of the disease were ethnicity, underlying conditions, maternal age, and parity. The severity of the disease was significantly associated with increased cesarean delivery and admission to the ICU.ConclusionPregnant women with severe and critical disease had a high rate of cesarean delivery and admission to the ICU. There were eight cases of maternal mortality.
A retrospective in‐depth analysis of continuous glucose monitoring datasets for patients with hepatic glycogen storage disease: Recommended outcome parameters for glucose management
Authors: Peeks Fabian , Hoogeveen Irene J. , Feldbrugge R. Lude , Burghard Rob , de Boer Foekje , Fokkert‐Wilts Marieke J. , van der Klauw Melanie M. , Oosterveer Maaike H. , Derks Terry G. J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractContinuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems have great potential for real‐time assessment of glycemic variation in patients with hepatic glycogen storage disease (GSD). However, detailed descriptions and in‐depth analysis of CGM data from hepatic GSD patients during interventions are scarce. This is a retrospective in‐depth analysis of CGM parameters, acquired in a continuous, real‐time fashion describing glucose management in 15 individual GSD patients. CGM subsets are obtained both in‐hospital and at home, upon nocturnal dietary intervention (n = 1), starch loads (n = 11) and treatment of GSD Ib patients with empagliflozin (n = 3). Descriptive CGM parameters, and parameters reflecting glycemic variation and glycemic control are considered useful CGM outcome parameters. Furthermore, the combination of first and second order derivatives, cumulative sum and Fourier analysis identified both subtle and sudden changes in glucose management; hence, aiding assessment of dietary and medical interventions. CGM data interpolation for nocturnal intervals reduced confounding by physical activity and diet. Based on these analyses, we conclude that in‐depth CGM analysis can be a powerful tool to assess glucose management and optimize treatment in individual hepatic GSD patients.
Return‐to‐sport quadriceps strength symmetry impacts 5‐year cartilage integrity after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A preliminary analysis
Authors: Brunst Caroline , Ithurburn Matthew P. , Zbojniewicz Andrew M. , Paterno Mark V. , Schmitt Laura C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractQuadriceps femoris strength asymmetry at the time of return to sports participation after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction contributes to worse function and asymmetric landing patterns, but the impact on longitudinal outcomes is not known. This study determined if young athletes after ACL reconstruction with quadriceps femoris strength asymmetry at a return to sports clearance would demonstrate markers of knee cartilage degeneration 5 years later compared to those with symmetric quadriceps femoris strength at return to sports. Participants (n = 27) were enrolled at the time of medical clearance for sports participation (baseline testing) and followed for 5 years. At baseline, quadriceps femoris strength was measured bilaterally and a limb symmetry index was used to divide the cohort into two groups: return to sport clearance with high quadriceps femoris strength (RTS‐HQ; limb symmetry index ≥ 90%) and return to sport clearance with low quadriceps femoris strength (RTS‐LQ; limb symmetry index < 85%). At 5 years post‐baseline, quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (T2 relaxation times (ms): involved knee medial/lateral femoral condyle and tibial plateau) data were collected. Group differences were evaluated with independent samples t tests. At 5 years post‐return to sports, the RTS‐LQ strength group (n = 14) demonstrated elevated T2 relaxation times at the anterior region of the lateral femoral condyle compared to the RTS‐HQ strength group (n = 13). Clinical Significance: Just over 50% of this cohort was cleared for sports participation with involved limb quadriceps femoris strength deficits that may contribute to early markers of knee cartilage degeneration within the subsequent 5 years.