bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who recommence clozapine following therapy interruptions
Authors: John Alexander Panickacheril , Burrows Sally , Stanley Susanne , Acabo Cherry , Shymko Gordon , Jaworska Aleksandra , Velayudhan Ajay 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe proportion of patients who recommence clozapine after cessation, the time taken to resume clozapine post‐cessation, and distinguishing demographic and clinical characteristics of this group have been poorly researched. We evaluated these in the current study.MethodWe retrospectively extracted selected demographic and clinical variables and clozapine treatment interruption and recommencement data up to December 2018 of a cohort of 458 patients who first commenced clozapine between 2006 and 2016. The study was conducted at three Australian health services.ResultsOf the 310 (69%) patients who had at least one interruption of clozapine treatment, 170 (54.8%) did not resume clozapine, and 140 (45.2%) recommenced it after the first interruption. More than half of those who recommenced did so within a month and 80% by 12 months. Cox regression analysis revealed that age was significantly associated with recommencement, with a 2% decrease in the likelihood of restarting after an interruption for each year later that clozapine was initially commenced (HR = 0.98 95%CI: 0.97, 0.997, p = 0.02). Those who ceased clozapine due to adverse effects were less likely to restart than those who ceased due to noncompliance (HR = 0.63 95%CI: 0.41, 0.97, p = 0.03). More time on clozapine prior to interruption increased the likelihood of restarting it, with each additional month on clozapine increasing this likelihood by 1% (HR = 1.01 95%CI: 1.01, 1.02, p < 0.001).ConclusionIf the distinguishing demographic and clinical characteristics of the group identified in this study are corroborated through further research, this could further validate the need to identify treatment resistance and commence clozapine early in people with schizophrenia and provide appropriate interventions to those more at risk of permanent discontinuation of clozapine.
Statistical analysis on metric and geometric features of dolmens in the Gor river megalithic landscape (Granada, Andalusia, Spain)
Authors: Esquivel Francisco Javier , Cabrero Carolina , Cámara Juan Antonio , Esquivel José Antonio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe construction of dolmens took place in Europe from the Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age (fifth millennium BC–second millennium BC) and had a rapid development along the Atlantic façade, with an important focus in Andalusia. Within this area, the megalithic necropolises located in the banks of the Gor River (Granada, Andalusia, Spain) are studied.In this paper, multivariate techniques are applied to characterize the dolmens associated with the Gor river megalithic landscape by means of two analyses. First, a new classification of the dolmens in necropolises using their location variables produces an optimal number of 8 necropolis instead of the traditional 11. In addition, this classification improves the traditional spatial division of the dolmens because there is no overlapping between necropolises. Secondly, a multivariate analysis of the dimensional variables, which aims to detect possible constructional patterns, is performed obtaining three main variables of grouping. The first two, length and width of the chamber, can be summarized as the area of the chamber and, in terms of this, the dolmens can be classified into two main groups. The third one, the length of the corridor, can be considered as a factor for intragroup discrimination.
The influence of diversity and employee relations on corporate philanthropy and performance
Authors: Câmara Ana , Petrenko Oleg 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDrawing on corporate social responsibility (CSR) and diversity literatures, this study found that a diverse workforce is a driver of corporate philanthropy and that positive employee relations have a strengthening effect on the association between corporate philanthropy and firm performance. These results disclose that progressive and fair relationships between firms and their employees may be one reason why socially responsible practices have impact on financial outcomes. Findings confirm that managerial focus on building positive relationships with employees through the adoption of diversity policies and fair labor relations improves the effects of corporate philanthropy on the financial performance of firms.
Clinical characteristic and outcome of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma of non‐Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia type: A Swedish lymphoma registry study
Authors: Brandefors Lena , Sander Birgitta , Lundqvist Kristina , Kimby Eva 
Published: December 2021

SummaryLymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) not fulfilling the WHO diagnostic criteria (2017) for Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia (WM) (named non‐WM LPL) is a rare disease and only a few systematic studies have been published. Here, we present a population‐based study of non‐WM LPL focusing on diagnostic difficulties, patient characteristics, and outcome. From 1511 patients included in the Swedish Lymphoma Registry 1 Jan 2000 – 31 Dec 2014 with a diagnosis of WM/LPL, we could confirm the diagnosis of non‐WM LP in only 33 patients. The median age at diagnosis was 69 years. A paraprotein was found in most (IgG in 54%, IgA in 15%) and 12% of the cases were non‐secretory. Compared with the WM patients, the non‐WM LPL patients were younger, had more adverse prognostic factors such as elevated LDH, anaemia, and lymphocytosis at diagnosis. In addition, the non‐WM LPL patients more often were symptomatic and received treatment at diagnosis. The overall survival (OS) did not significantly differ between the non‐WM LPL and WM groups (P = 0.247), with a median survival time of 71 and 96 months, respectively. To conclude, we found differences in clinical features between WM and non‐WM LPL, but no difference in survival.
COVID‐19 vaccine failure in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and monoclonal B‐lymphocytosis; humoural and cellular immunity
Authors: Shen Yandong , Freeman Jane A. , Holland Juliette , Solterbeck Ann , Naidu Kartik , Soosapilla Asha , Downe Paul , Tang Catherine , Kerridge Ian , Wallman Lucinda , Van Bilsen Nenna , Milogiannakis Vanessa , Akerman Anouschka , Martins Costa Gomes Gabriela , Sandgren Kerrie , Cunningham Anthony L. , Turville Stuart , Mulligan Stephen P. 
Published: December 2021

SummaryChronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is associated with immunocompromise and high risk of severe COVID‐19 disease and mortality. Monoclonal B‐cell lymphocytosis (MBL) patients also have immune impairment. We evaluated humoural and cellular immune responses in 181 patients with CLL (160) and MBL (21) to correlate failed seroconversion [<50 AU/ml SARS‐CoV‐2 II IgG assay, antibody to spike protein; Abbott Diagnostics)] following each of two vaccine doses with clinical and laboratory parameters. Following first and second doses, 79.2% then 45% of CLL, and 50% then 9.5% of MBL patients respectively remained seronegative. There was significant association between post dose two antibody level with pre‐vaccination reduced IgM (p < 0.0001), IgG2 (p < 0.035), and IgG3 (p < 0.046), and CLL therapy within 12 months (p < 0.001) in univariate analysis. By multivariate analysis, reduced IgM (p < 0.0002) and active therapy (p < 0.0002) retained significance. Anti‐spike protein levels varied widely and were lower in CLL than MBL patients, and both lower than in normal donors. Neutralisation activity showed anti‐spike levels <1000 AU/ml were usually negative for both an early viral clade and the contemporary Delta variant and 72.9% of CLL and 53.3% of MBL failed to reach levels ≥1000 AU/ml. In a representative sample, ~80% had normal T‐cell responses. Failed seroconversion occurred in 36.6% of treatment‐naïve patients, in 78.1% on therapy, and in 85.7% on ibrutinib.
Imeglimin population pharmacokinetics and dose adjustment predictions for renal impairment in Japanese and Western patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Tomita Yoshiko , Hansson Emma , Mazuir Florent , Wellhagen Gustaf J , Ooi Qing Xi , Mezzalana Enrica , Kitamura Atsushi , Nemoto Daisuke , Bolze Sébastien 
Published: December 2021

AbstractImeglimin is an orally administered first‐in‐class drug to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is mainly excreted unchanged by the kidneys. The present study aimed to define the pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics of imeglimin using population PK analysis and to determine the optimal dosing regimen for Japanese patients with T2DM and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Imeglimin plasma concentrations in Japanese and Western healthy volunteers, and patients with T2DM, including patients with mild to severe CKD with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) greater than 14 ml/min/1.73 m2were included in a population PK analysis. PK simulations were conducted using a population PK model, and the area under concentration‐time curve (AUC) was extrapolated with power regression analysis to lower eGFR. The influence of eGFR, weight, and age on apparent clearance and of dose on relative bioavailability were quantified by population PK analysis. Simulations and extrapolation revealed that the recommended dosing regimen based on the AUC was 500 mg twice daily (b.i.d.) for patients with eGFR 15–45 ml/min/1.73 m2, and 500 mg with a longer dosing interval was suggested for those with eGFR less than 15. Simulations revealed that differences in plasma AUCs between Japanese and Western patients at the same dose were mainly driven by a difference in the eGFR and that the plasma AUC after 1000 and 1500 mg b.i.d. in Japanese and Western patients, respectively, was comparable in the phase IIb studies. These results indicate suitable dosages of imeglimin in the clinical setting of T2DM with renal impairment.
Why do women consume alcohol during pregnancy or while breastfeeding?
Authors: Popova Svetlana , Dozet Danijela , Akhand Laboni Shahela , Brower Krista , Temple Valerie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIssueAlcohol consumption during pregnancy and breastfeeding cause adverse health outcomes to the mother and child, including Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD).ApproachSystematic literature review and thematic synthesis. Original studies that contained reasons for alcohol consumption in pregnancy and while breastfeeding were included. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and the Confidence in the Evidence of Reviews of Qualitative Research (CerQUAL) approach were utilised. The review protocol is available on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42018116998).Key FindingsForty‐two eligible studies comprising women from 16 countries were included. Most commonly reported reasons of alcohol use in pregnancy were societal pressure and the belief that only “strong” alcohol and alcohol in large quantities is harmful. Other reasons were: a lack of awareness of adverse effects on the fetus; coping with adverse life experiences; consumption based on intuitive decision‐making and influenced by personal/peer experiences; belief in the beneficial properties of alcohol; advice from medical practitioners; unwanted or unplanned pregnancy; alcohol dependence; and consumption as a cultural/traditional custom. Reasons for alcohol use during breastfeeding included the belief that alcohol stimulates breast milk production, unclear advice from medical practitioners, unawareness of the risks of infant exposure and to improve mood and celebrate events.ImplicationsUnderstanding the context of reasons for alcohol use in pregnancy is crucial for implementing prenatal health education, and preventing FASD and other adverse maternal and child health outcomes.ConclusionIndividual beliefs, knowledge/advice, culture and personal circumstances influence alcohol use in pregnancy. Data are limited for reasons surrounding alcohol use while breastfeeding.
The origins of trust: Humans’ reliance on communicative cues supersedes firsthand experience during the second year of life
Authors: Mascaro Olivier , Kovács Ágnes Melinda 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHow do people learn about things that they have never perceived or inferred–like molecules, miracles or Marie‐Antoinette? For many thinkers, trust is the answer. Humans rely on communicated information, sometimes even when it contradicts blatantly their firsthand experience. We investigate the early ontogeny of this trust using a non‐verbal search paradigm in four main studies and three supplementary studies (N = 208). Infants and toddlers first see where a reward is, and then an informant communicates to them that it is in another location. We use this general experimental set‐up to assess the role of age, informants’ knowledge, cue's familiarity, and communicative context on trust in communicated information. Results reveal that infants and toddlers quickly trust familiar and novel communicative cues from well‐informed adults. When searching for the reward, they follow a well‐informed adults’ communicative cue, even when it contradicts what they just saw. Furthermore, infants are less likely to be guided by familiar and novel cues from poorly informed adults than toddlers. Thus, reliance on communication is calibrated during early childhood, up to the point of overriding evidence about informants’ knowledge. Moreover, toddlers trust much more strongly a novel cue when it is used in a communicative manner. Toddlers’ trust cannot be explained by mere compliance: it is highly reduced when communicated information is pitted against what participants currently see. Thus, humans’ strong tendency to rely on familiar and novel communicative cues emerges in infancy, and intensifies during the second year of life.
Technology outcome measures in neuromuscular disorders: A systematic review
Authors: Bortolani Sara , Brusa Chiara , Rolle Enrica , Monforte Mauro , De Arcangelis Valeria , Ricci Enzo , Mongini Tiziana Enrica , Tasca Giorgio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground and purposePortable and wearable devices can monitor a number of physical performances and lately have been applied to patients with neuromuscular disorders (NMDs).MethodsWe performed a systematic search of literature databases following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses) principles, including all studies reporting the use of technological devices for motor function assessment in NMDs from 2000 to 2021. We also summarized the evidence on measurement properties (validity, reliability, responsiveness) of the analyzed technological outcome measures.ResultsOne hundred studies fulfilled the selection criteria, most of them published in the past 10 years. We defined four categories that gathered similar technologies: gait analysis tools, for clinical assessment of pace and posture; continuous monitoring of physical activity with inertial sensors, which allow “unsupervised” activity assessment; upper limb evaluation tools, including Kinect‐based outcome measures to assess the reachable workspace; and new muscle strength assessment tools, such as Myotools. Inertial sensors have the evident advantage of being applied in the “in‐home” setting, which has become especially appealing during the COVID‐19 pandemic, although poor evidence from psychometric property assessment and results of the analyzed studies may limit their research application. Both Kinect‐based outcome measures and Myotools have already been validated in multicenter studies and different NMDs, showing excellent characteristics for application in clinical trials.ConclusionsThis overview is intended to raise awareness on the potential of the different technology outcome measures in the neuromuscular field and to be an informative source for the design of future clinical trials, particularly in the era of telemedicine.
Within the shadow of hierarchy: The role of hierarchical interventions in environmental collaborative governance
Authors: Zhou Lingyi , Dai Yixin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractExisting literature often analyzes the effects of horizontal relationships on collaborative governance, though some scholars have started to recognize the role of hierarchical interventions. This paper identities two poorly examined areas of study. First, there is a lack of empirical studies to understand the diverse impacts of hierarchical interventions on collaborative governance. Second, there is little deliberation on how existing horizontal relationships can moderate the effects that hierarchical interventions have on collaborative governance. This paper utilizes environmental collaboration data from the Yangtze River Delta region in China to estimate the impacts of hierarchical interventions on collaborative arrangements and the contextual effects of horizontal relationships. We find that hierarchical interventions, such as top‐down regulations and performance evaluation, enhance the formalization of collaborative arrangements. Additionally, horizontal relationships derived from past experiences can moderate the effects of hierarchical interventions, notwithstanding such effects vary among different interventions.
From the nice work to the hard work: “Troubling” community‐based CareMongering during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Kipp Amy , Hawkins Roberta 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCareMongering is a virtually organized community‐based response to COVID‐19 formed in Canada in March 2020, in response to growing concerns about the pandemic. The goal of CareMongering is to care for community members, particularly those experiencing social exclusion, by organizing groups at a local level to support access to basic necessities, services, and resources (e.g., providing groceries and childcare to frontline workers). Following from feminist calls to “trouble” care, we explore the uncomfortable relations that emerged while practicing CareMongering through a case study of a group in Ontario, Canada. Using semi‐structured interviews with group members and organizers and ethnographic content analysis of Facebook group activity, we examine (1) difficult interactions on the group's public Facebook page, (2) strategies used to moderate the group, and (3) the affective and embodied experiences involved in virtually organizing CareMongering. We illustrate our findings through vignettes of one of the author's experiences as a CareMongering group member and composite narratives of social media interactions. We argue that by enacting critical community care, CareMongering groups have the potential to practice care that goes beyond simply caring for or about community needs to also care with communities. The hard work of critical community care involves an intersectional, reflexive, and relational approach that addresses underlying inequalities and promotes actions aimed toward making structural and collective change.
Tread lightly: Liminality and Covid‐19 reflections
Authors: Jamjoom Liela A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has reshaped people's lives in a multitude of different ways, and women especially have found themselves managing in‐between identities, spaces, and realities due to increased domestic, homeschooling, and work demands. In this paper, I share fragmented observations on COVID‐19 inequalities on a societal level, but I anchor those observations with my personal reflections. I use liminality as a theoretical anchor and an artistic methodological tool to explore being in‐between experiences, thoughts, and modes of writing. I stage my reflections as a 10 KM run, with points of discussion set at each kilometer. The run is symbolic of the liminal space the pandemic represents, where bodies and minds, whether knowingly or unknowingly, are in an in‐between journey – from places of origin to unfamiliar destinations. This paper adds to feminist efforts of writing differently which shows that knowledge can be produced and conveyed beyond the rigid script of academic convention. It also expands the use of liminality beyond a theoretical lens and into a methodological approach that considers writing as a melding between different genres, states, and modes of knowing.
Development and validation of a novel patient‐reported outcome measure in people with episodic migraine and chronic migraine: The Activity Impairment in Migraine Diary
Authors: Lipton Richard B. , Gandhi Pranav , Stokes Jonathan , Cala Mary Lynn , Evans Christopher J. , Knoble Naomi , Gelhorn Heather L. , Revicki Dennis , Viswanathan Hema N. , Dodick David W. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the content validity and psychometric properties of the Activity Impairment in Migraine Diary (AIM‐D).BackgroundMeasuring treatment effects on migraine impairment requires a psychometrically sound patient‐reported outcome (PRO) measure developed consistent with U.S. Food and Drug Administration guidance.MethodsThe AIM‐D was created from concepts that emerged during qualitative interviews with five clinicians experienced in treating migraine and concept elicitation (CE) interviews with 40 adults with episodic migraine (EM) or chronic migraine (CM). The initial version was refined based on three waves of cognitive interviews with 38 adults with EM or CM and input from a panel of clinical and measurement experts. The AIM‐D was psychometrically evaluated using data from 316 adults with EM or CM who participated in a 13‐week prospective observational study. Study participants completed PRO assessments including the AIM‐D and a daily headache diary. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to determine the factor structure. The reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the AIM‐D were assessed. Additional PRO measures including the Patient Global Impression – Severity (PGI‐S), Migraine Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire, Version 2.1 Role Function‐Restrictive domain, and Headache Impact Test were used for psychometric evaluation of the AIM‐D.ResultsBased on CE interviews with adults with migraine and input from an expert panel, activity impairment was identified as the target in the preliminary conceptual framework, which had two domains: performance of daily activities (PDAs) and physical impairment (PI). Revision of the draft AIM‐D through multiple rounds of cognitive interviews and expert panel meetings resulted in a content valid 11‐item version. Exploratory factor analysis supported both one‐ and two‐domain structures for the AIM‐D, which were further supported by confirmatory factor analysis (factor loadings all >0.90). The AIM‐D domains (PDA and PI) and total score showed high internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha 0.95–0.97), acceptable test–retest reliability for weekly average scores (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.60 for participants with no change in PGI‐S between baseline and week 2), and good convergent and known‐groups validity. There was evidence of responsiveness based on changes in PGI‐S score and monthly migraine days.ConclusionThe AIM‐D is a content valid and psychometrically sound measure designed to evaluate activity impairment and is suitable for use in clinical trials of preventive treatments for EM or CM.