bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POLİTİK RİSKİN DOĞRUDAN YABANCI YATIRIMLAR ve PAY PİYASASI ENDEKS GETİRİLERİNE ETKİSİ: G7 ÜLKELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR UYGULAMA
Authors: TOPALOĞLU Emre Esat , KORKMAZ Turhan 
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Sistematik risk unsurlarından biri olarak kabul edilen politik risk, bir ülkenin ekonomik büyüme ve finansal istikrar gibi faktörlerini doğrudan etkileyebilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, ülke riskinin temel belirleyicisi olarak görülebilen politik risk ile doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve pay piyasası getirileri arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, politik riskin doğrudan yabancı yatırımlara ve pay piyasa getirilerine olan etkisini ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışmanın uygulama kısmında G7 ülkelerinin 2002-2017 dönemindeki majör pay piyasası endeks verileri, doğrudan yabancı yatırım tutarları ve Uluslararası Ülke Risk Rehberi ICRG endeks verileri esas alınmıştır. Politik risk ile doğrudan yabancı yatırım ve pay piyasa getirisi arasındaki ilişki Panel Veri Analiz Yöntemi ile araştırılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırma sonucunda, politik risk ile doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve negatif ilişki tespit edilirken; politik risk ile pay piyasa getirileri arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ve pozitif ilişki tespit edilmiştir.
Özgünlük: G7 ülkelerindeki doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve pay piyasa getirilerindeki politik risk etkisinin panel veri formunda grup etkisi üzerinden incelenmesi açısından bu çalışmanın özgünlük sunduğu ve alan yazınına katkı sağladığı düşünülmektedir.
FİRMA KREDİBİLİTESİ ve REKLAMA YÖNELİK TUTUMUN MARKA DENKLİĞİ BOYUTLARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: BAŞGÖZE Pınar , ÖZKAN TEKTAŞ Öznur , ERYİĞİT Canan 
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Tüketici temelli marka denkliği, işletmelerin müşterileri ile daha uzun soluklu ilişkiler geliştirmesi noktasında stratejik öneme sahiptir. Markaların pazarlama iletişimi faaliyetleri, hedef kitlenin markaya yönelik daha kolay bilgi edinmesini ve tepki vermesini sağlayarak iletişim verimliliğini ve marka denkliğini olumlu yönde etkileyebilecektir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmanın amacı, firma kredibilitesi ve tüketicilerin reklama yönelik tutumlarının, tüketici temelli marka denkliği boyutları üzerindeki etkilerinin saptanmasıdır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı, nicel tasarıma sahip çalışmada, spor endüstrisinde faaliyet gösteren bir firma özelinde 210 bireysel tüketiciden anket yöntemiyle veri toplanmıştır. Ankette; reklama yönelik tutum, firma kredibilitesi, tüketici temelli marka denkliği ölçekleri yer almaktadır. Marka denkliği; marka sadakati, algılanan kalite ve marka farkındalığı/çağrışımları olmak üzere 3 boyutla ölçülmektedir. Hipotezlerin test edilmesi için toplanan veriye Yol Analizi uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, firma kredibilitesi marka sadakatini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde olumlu etkilemektedir. Benzer şekilde, firma kredibilitesinin algılanan kalite üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde olumlu etkisi vardır.
Özgünlük: Çalışma, önceki çalışmalardan farklı olarak, reklama yönelik tutum ile firma kredibilitesinin, tüketici temelli marka denkliğinin alt boyutları üzerindeki etkilerini ayrı ayrı incelemesi bakımından literatüre katkı sağlar niteliktedir.
PENGARUH PERSEPSI HARGA DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN KONSUMEN AIR MINUM SYEKHER WATER
Authors: Purbiyanto Eko 
Published: May 2021

Tingkat persaingan perusahaan yang menjual produk air minum dalam kemasan semakin ketat karena maraknya barang-barang darurat merk baru, salah satunya merk syekher water. Orang dihadapkan pada pilihan produk yang luas, sehingga persepsi harga dan aktivitas promosi menjadi pertimbangan saat keputusan pembelian produk. Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk menguji apakah terdapat pengaruh antara persepsi harga dan promosi produk air minum clavio shekher water terhadap keputusan pembelian. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan kepada 145 anggota kelompok whatapps Himpunan Guru Nahdlatul Ulama Kota Surakarta sebagai konsumen utama air minum Syekher water di Kota Surakarta. Dengan teknik penelitian convinance sampling. Hasil pengujian ini menunjukkan persepsi harga dan promosi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian produk air minum Clavio Syekher Water, namun hanya memberikan kontribusi terhadap R value square (R2) sebesar 0,648 atau 64,80% terhadap keputusan pembelian. sedangkan sisanya 35,20% tidak diterangkan dalam penelitian ini.
Kata kunci: Persepsi Harga, Promosi, Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen, Produk Air Minum Syekher Water.
Historical Significance of the Prayer Flag Poles in Lhasa and Ngari 甘丹才旺白桑布收复阿里与所立“经幡杆”的象征符号及蕴意
Authors: Rgyal mtshan O rgyan 
Published: May 2021

This article explores the role of prayer poles as carriers of the historic symbols and cultural change, which is further examined in the context of Ganden Podrang history and Galden Tsewang's invasion of Ngari. It is based on Tibetan historical archives and field investigation, this article makes a systematic review of these questions, in order to explore the general picture of Tibetan prayer flag poles in history and culture.
རྒྱལ་པོ་དགའ་ལྡན་ཚེ་དབང་དཔལ་བཟང་པོ་སྟོད་མངའ་རིས་ཆམ་ལ་ཕབ་པའི་དར་ཆེན་གྱི་མཚོན་རྟགས་སྐོར་མདོ་ཙམ་དཔྱད་པ།
དཔྱད་རྩོམ་འདིར་བོད་ས་གནས་སྲིད་གཞུང་དགའ་ལྡན་ཕོ་བྲང་དུས་སུ་ལྷ་ལྡན་གཙུག་ལག་ཁང་གི་བྱང་ཤར་ངོས་དང་སྟོད་མངའ་རིས་སྤུ་ཧྲེང་རྫོང་ཁུལ་གྱི་བར་ཁ་ཤང་གསེར་གཞོང་དུ་བཞེངས་པའི་དར་ཆེན་གྱི་མཚོན་རྟགས་དང་དང་དེའི་འབྲེལ་ཡོད་ཀྱི་ལོ་རྒྱུས་རིག་གནས་སྟེ་རྒྱལ་པོ་དགའ་ལྡན་ཚེ་དབང་དཔལ་བཟང་པོ་སྟོད་མངའ་རིས་ཆམ་ལ་ཕབ་པའི་དོན་ཚན་འགའ་ལ་འཚོལ་ཞིབ་དང་བསམ་མནོ་བྱས་ཡོད།
དཔྱད་གཞིའི་ཐབས་ལམ་ནི་བོད་ཀྱི་ཉེ་རབས་ལོ་རྒྱུས་ཞིབ་འཇུག་སྐོར་གྱི་དཔྱད་གཞིའི་ཡིག་ཚགས་དང་མི་སྣ་དེ་བཞིན་འབྲེལ་ཡོད་ལོ་རྒྱུས་ཐ་སྙད་དགའ་ལྡན་དར་སྨྱོན་ཞེས་པ་སོགས་ཀྱི་ནང་དོན་ལ་དབྱེ་ཞིབ་དང་དཔྱད་གླེང་ཞུས་པ་དང་སྦྲགས། རིག་གནས་མིའི་རིགས་ཀྱི་རིག་པའི་ཐབས་ལམ་སྤྱད་དེ་སྟོད་མངའ་རིས་སྐོར་གསུམ་གྱི་འབྲེལ་ཡོད་ཁྱིམ་རྒྱུད་མི་སྣར་ས་གནས་དངོས་ལ་རྟོག་ཞིབ་དང་བཅར་འདྲི་ཞུས་པ་ལས་ཐོབ་པའི་ས་གནས་ལོ་རྒྱུས་སྐོར་ལ་དཔྱད་གླེང་བྱས་འདུག།
A study on the effect of vidangadi compound on lipid profile and fasting blood sugar
Authors: Perera Surangi sajeewane , S.M.S. Samarakoon 
Published: May 2021

Sthaulya is included under eight undesirable conditions (Ashtau Nindita), Shleshma Nanatmaa, Samtarpana Nimittaja, Atinindita, Ati Brihmana Nimittaja, and Bahu Dosha Janita Vikara. Moreover, Sushruta has emphasized on metabolic disturbances (Dhatva agnimandya) in the etiopathogenesis of Sthaulya. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines BMI between 25 -29.9 is overweight and BMI greater than 30 is obesity. The present study is a clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of Vidangadi Compound (VC) on Obesity and type II diabetes. Diagnosed patients were selected from Ayurveda Teaching Hospital at Borella from the period of January 2015 to May 2016. Thirty patients (30) who had BMI between 25 to 45 and fasting blood glucose <200 mg/dl were included in the study. Subjective assessment criteria were the sympoms of obesity with proper grading whereas objective criteria were BMI, body circumferences, skin-fold thickness, Lipid profile and FBS. Data were analyzed by using SPSS statistical software. In this study, Vidangadi Compound (VC) in the form of pill was given 1 g (each pill 500mg) at 8.00 A.M & 6.00 P.M before meal for eight weeks with 5 ml bee honey. VC improved Sphik Chalata, Anga Gaurava, Anga daurgandaya, Ati- kshudha, Daurbalya, Sewedadikya, Uthsha hani, Gathrasada, Udara Chalata, Sthana Chalata, body circumferences, BMI, Skin Fold Thickness, Fasting Blood Sugar (from 96.30Â±1.63 to 92.61Â±1.58), Triglyceride (from126.94 Â± 8.28 to 115.84 Â± 9.02) and HDL(from 46.88 Â±1.98 to52.13Â±1.01) in statistically highly significant manner (p<0.001). VC is composed of Katu (66.6%), Tikta (50% ) and Kashaya rasa (83.33%); Laghu (33.33%), Ruksha (33.3%), Thiksna (16.66%), Sukshma (16.6%) and yogavahi guna ( 16.6%); Ushana virya (50%) and Katu vipaka (83.3%). Collectively, these properties of VC are responsible in improving subjective as well as objective parameters of sthaulya especially Lipid profile and Fasting Blood Sugar significantly.
Metabolic Syndrome In Ayurveda & Its Prevention
Authors: Waghe Subhash , Agrawal Kavita 
Published: May 2021

Metabolic syndrome, refers to a group of conditions common in people with insulin resistance, including higher than normal blood glucose levels, increased waist size due to excess abdominal fat (Obesity), high blood pressure and abnormal levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. People with metabolic syndrome have an increased risk of developing type 2diabetes and CVD. More than 10 million cases of metabolic syndrome occurs per year in India. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome increases with age and about 40% of people above 60 years are affected with metabolic syndrome. Diabetes occurs as chronic sequel of metabolic syndrome. In the whole world, nearly about 24% of the population is suffering from diabetes. As per WHO, its percentage may go as high as 40-45% in 2020. So, there is intense need to know the graveness of the disease and to understand the possible ways of prevention.
Leaving The Emergency Department Without Being Seen or Without Complete Treatment; A Study From Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mishal Abdulrahman Almarshady  , Sharafaldeen Bin Nafisah  , Yousef Almubarak  , Althobyane Husam 
Published: May 2021

Background, The attitude of Leaving the emergency department (ED) without being seen or without completing treatment is attributed to prolonged waiting time. The impact of such behaviour and fate of such patients remain undetermined. Aim This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Left Without Being Seen (LWBS) and Left Without Completing Treatment (LWCT), analyse the contributing factors for such behaviour and the mortality rate within one week of leaving the ED. Methods A retrospective observational study was performed in a tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, for three months. All adult patients of more than 14 years of age who visited the ED and LWBS or LWCT were included. Patients were seen by physicians and triaged-out, and those who were directed towards the outpatient clinic were excluded. Patients were asked about the reason for leaving, and their intention to return to the same ED again via call. Results The total number of LWBS and LWCT was 286 patients, with a response rate of 75%. The mean age was 45.8 years. About 46.6% sought medical help within seven days of leaving ED. However, the mortality rate was nil. Many patients (69.3%) reported their intention to revisit the same ED in the near future. A positive correlation was found between increasing age and admission within the same seven days’ period. Conclusion Prolonged waiting time is a public health concern that needs management strategies, the number of patients whom LWBS and LWCT require continuous monitoring and exploration.
Determinants of Biogas Technology Adoption in Pakistan
Authors: Ashraf Saleem , Luqman Muhammad , Hassan Zakaria Yousaf , Yaqoob Asif 
Published: May 2021

This survey research based study sought determinants of biogas technology adoption in rural areas of Pakistan. Stratified random sampling technique was employed to select respondents because the population was unknown and heterogeneous in nature. Total 240 respondents (150 biogas users and 120 potential users) were selected and face to face interviewed using a structured, validated and pre-tested questionnaire. Along with descriptive analysis of data logistics regression model was applied to investigate the determinants of biogas adoption. Findings affirmed significant role of socio-economic characteristics of respondents in the adoption of biogas technology. Empirical findings reported a significant impact of education, the income of households and the number of animals on the adoption of biogas technology. This implies that unit increase in education, income and number of animals will escalate the adoption of biogas technology. Tackling energy crisis, economic benefits, and production of slurry for soil fertility, health gains and environment-friendly nature of biogas were perceived reasons of biogas adoption among the biogas users. Non-government organizations and neighbours were leading motivational factors behind adoption as revealed by users. However, role of electronic media, print media and government institutionsin promoting biogas was reported dismal. This study urge that biogas is valuable alternative source of energy to combat energy crisis. In this way, provision of subsidies, interest free loans and technical backstopping could invoke potential users to adopt biogas technology.
The Hallmarks of the Legislative Drafting Process in Common Law Systems:
Authors: Gule Nomalanga Pearl 
Published: May 2021

The Hallmarks of the Legislative Drafting Process in Common Law Systems: A Comparative Study of Eswatini and Ghana
This research study is an attempt to test the comparative criteria developed by Stefanou in his work where he discusses the characteristics that defines the drafting process in the two most dominant legal systems, common and civil law. It examines the legislative drafting process in common law countries with the aim to establish if the comparative criteria identify with the process that defines the drafting of legislation in those jurisdictions. Two common law jurisdictions were selected and an in-depth comparative analysis of steps undertaken in their drafting process was done. The scope of the study is only confined to the drafting process in the common law system and the criteria that is tested are those which define the drafting process in the common law jurisdictions only.
Parliamentary Control of Delegated Legislation
Authors: Chae Mikang 
Published: May 2021

Parliamentary Control of Delegated Legislation: Lessons from a Comparative Study of the UK Parliament and the Korean National Assembly
As the scale of administrative agencies expands and their functions become more specialized in the complex and variable administrative reality, delegated legislation has increased explosively. This article examines the need for the introduction of appropriate parliamentary controls to prevent harm caused by the flood of delegated legislation. Through comparison with the UK Parliament, this article identifies the relative position of the Korean National Assembly and presents measures to strengthen parliamentary scrutiny on delegated legislation.
Performance Evaluation of LSA, NMF and ILSA in Electronic Assessment of Free Text Document
Authors: Rufai M. M. , Afolabi A. O. , Fenwa O. D. , Ajala F. A. 
Published: May 2021

Aims: To evaluate the performance of an Improved Latent Semantic Analysis (ILSA), Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA), Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) algorithms in an Electronic Assessment Application using metrics, Term Similarity, Precision, Recall and F-measure functions, Mean divergence, Assessment Accuracy and Adequacy in Semantic Representation.
Methodology: The three algorithms were separately applied in developing an Electronic Assessment application. One hundred students’ responses to a test question in an introductory artificial intelligence course were used. Their performance was measured based on the following metrics, Term Similarity, Precision, Recall and F-measure functions, Mean divergence and Assessment Accuracy.
Results: ILSA outperformed the LSA and NMF with an assessment accuracy of 96.64, mean divergence from manual score of 0.03, and recall, precision and f-measure value of 0.83, 0.85 and 0.87 respectively.
Conclusion: The research observed the performance of an improved algorithm ILSA for electronic Assessment of free text document using Adequacy in Semantic Representation, Retrieval Quality and Assessment Accuracy as performance metrics. The results obtained from the experimental designs shows the adequacy of the improved algorithm in semantic representation, better retrieval quality and improved assessment accuracy.
Performance of Chickpea Varieties Based on Growth and Yield Parameters Influenced by Different Sowing Dates at Toke Kutaye District, Ethiopia
Authors: Getachew Adinew , Abraham Thomas 
Published: May 2021

One of the basic agronomic practices to improve the yield of chickpea are ideal sowing date and high yielding varieties. Thus, a field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different sowing dates on yield and yield components of chickpea varieties in the main cropping season of 2019 at Toke Kutaye District. Four sowing dates (September 4th, September 14th, September 24th, and October 5th) and four kabuli varieties. Four Kabuli types of chickpea varieties were Dalota, Ejere, Teji and Dube (local check). Experiment was laid out in split plot design using factorial arrangement with three replications and sowing date treatments were assigned to the main plots and varieties to sub plots. The main effect of sowing date showed highly significant effect on days to emergence, days to 50% flowering and physiological maturity. Highest days to emergence (12.4 days) were recorded from a plot sown on October 5th, while longest days to 50% flowering (54.92 days) and physiological maturity (122.5 days) were recorded from a plot sown on September 14th. Moreover, varieties had significant effect on days to physiological maturity of chickpea. Longest days to physiological maturity (133 days) were recorded from local variety and early days to physiological maturity (113.3 days) was recorded from Dalota variety. The main effects of sowing date and variety were significant on plant height, as the tallest plant height (42.75 cm) was recorded from September 24th sown plants. Similarly, the tallest (41.42 cm) plant was recorded from Dalota variety. In addition, the highest number of primary branches (6.83) and secondary branches (16.42) per plant were recorded from Dalota variety, while the lowest number of primary branch (5.5) and secondary branches (8) were scored from Ejere and Teji varieties, respectively. Highest grain yield (2415.4 kg ha-1) was obtained from plots sown on September 14th whereas Dalota variety produced highest grain yield (2051.25 kg ha-1). Hence, Dalota variety and September 14th sowing date emerged as best among all tested treatments and can be recommended for chickpea production in the study area and similar agro-ecologies. Conclusive recommendation could be obtained if the study is repeated at more locations and seasons in the future.
Urogenital Schistosomiasis Study in a Rural Community, North West Nigeria
Authors: Iduh M. U. , Bwari U. H. 
Published: May 2021

Background: Bilharzia is a parasitic disease caused by the trematode worms (schistosomes). It is the most important and prevalent of water-borne parasitic disease.Schistosomiasis affects between 200 million and 300 million people in 77 countries throughout the world and is a significant cause of disease in areas of endemic infections especially among children.
Aims: The study was aimed to determine the prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis among people in Goronyo and taloka communities in Sokoto State, Nigeria.
Study Design: Investigative study.
Place and duration of study: The samples were collected from Goronyo and Taloka communities of Goronyo local government Area of Sokoto State between October and December, 2020.
Methodology: 300 water samples were obtained from domestic water sources. 175 of the samples were collected from river, 77 from borehole and 48 from well. Samples were investigated for the presence of parasites using standard parasitological techniques. Samples were subjected to macroscopy, filtration, centrifugation and microscopy.
Results: Findings reveals total prevalence of 37%. The prevalence in Taloka was higher (47%) than Goronyo (27%)(P<0.05). Males were found to be more infected (52%) than their females counterparts (12%). The age group 16-20 had the highest prevalence rate of 45% compared to age group 5-10 (34%). Fishermen had the highest prevalence rate of 71% while civil servants is least (14%).
Conclusion: Findings revealed that the source of water in the study area constitute an epidemiological threat to public health. However, inhabitants of the communities should boil or treat water before consumption while we solicit for government intervention so that the control of the infestation can be achieved through the integration of complementary strategies such as disease surveillance, chemotherapy, health education, alternative water supplies and public sanitation in the study area.
Evaluation of the Microbial Contamination of Some Snacks: A Case Study of Lagos Mainland, Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Okeke O. P. , Yusuf K. O. , Ononye B. U. , Udeh N. P. , Ndudim G. C. 
Published: May 2021

This study was undertaken to evaluate the microbial contamination of some locally prepared snacks sold by street vendors in Lagos mainland, Lagos State, Nigeria. A total of (20) twenty snack samples- Meat-pie, Sausage roll, Egg roll, Puff puff and Doughnut were aseptically purchased in a sterilized polythene bags from four different locations in Lagos Mainland Local Government Area. The snacks were analyzed by standard microbiological methods using Bergey’s manual to determine the colony-forming units per gram, to isolate and determine the number of microbiological population contaminants. Unilag showed the bacteria count on snacks as follows: Meat-pie 1.50 × 106 cfu/ g), Sausage 2.20× 106 cfu/ g, Doughnut 3.20× 105 cfu/ g, Puffpuff 1.58x 106 cfµ/ g and Egg roll 9.80x105 cfµ/ g. At Yaba - Meat pie had bacteria count of 1.82x102cfµ / g, Sausage 7.00x101cfµ / g, Doughnut 1.09x 102 cfµ /g, Puff puff 3.64x104 cfµ/ g and Egg roll 5.00x101 cfµ/g. Snacks from Oyingbo had no growth on Meat pie, Doughnut and Puff puff but had bacteria cou nts on Sausage (1.00x102) and on Egg roll (1.95× 105 cfµ/ g).At Abule-Oja- Meat pie had bacteria count of 9.75x104 cfµ/ g, Puff puff 1.65x105 cfµ/ g and Egg roll 1.95x105 cfu/ g.The location with lowest bacteria count was Oyingbo which had no growth on a Meat pie, Doughnut and Puff puff, but had on Sausage 1.00x102 cfµ/ g and Egg roll 9.60x102 cfµ/ g. There were no coliforms in all the locations. Bacteria percentage range was 10.52% to 36.84%while Fungi percentage range was 0.71% - 37.59%. Four bacteria and seven fungi were identified: Bacillus cereus, Bacillus substillis, Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus delbruckii with Aspergillus niger, Penicillium notatum, Trichoderma spp., Aspergillus fumigatus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Fusarium spp. and Aspergillus flavus. Bacillus cereus had the highest prevalence of 36.84%, Bacillus substillis 31.58%, Staphylococcus aureus 21.05% and Lactobacillus delbruckii 10.52%. Bacillus species were present at all sampled sites. It is concluded that the quality of these snacks can be improved by following quality control protocol and good manufacturing practices (GMP) in food.