bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survey of Prophylactic use of Antibiotics among Indian Neurosurgeons
Authors: Turel Mazda K , Meshram Bhushan , Rajshekhar Vedantam 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background:
Despite recommendations and guidelines, surgical antibiotic prophylaxis protocol for neurosurgical cases is not uniformly followed.

Objective:
To report trends in the use of prophylactic antibiotics by Indian neurosurgeons for non-trauma neurosurgical cases.

Materials and Methods:
An email survey consisting of 17 questions was sent in 2018 to 2,175 surgical members with a registered email in the Neurological Society of India (NSI) registry. Three reminders were sent at 3-month intervals. The results were analyzed for the number, type, and duration of antibiotic use for different surgical procedures. The differences in the antibiotic policy in different practice settings were also studied.

Results:
The response rate was less than 5% (103 responses). Almost all (98.1%) surgeons used prophylactic antibiotics. A single antibiotic was most used for cranial surgeries (85%) and least for spine surgeries with instrumentation (64%) (P = 0.001). One dose or 1 day of antibiotics was used by the least number of responders (29%) for spinal instrumentation surgeries and the most responders (66.7%) for spinal surgery without instrumentation (P < 0.0001). Surgeons working in corporate teaching hospitals or non-teaching hospitals were more likely to use antibiotics for longer duration than surgeons working in government/trust teaching hospitals.

Conclusions:
Substantial numbers of surgeons use prophylactic antibiotics for more than 1 day with a higher proportion of surgeons working in corporate teaching and non-teaching hospitals pursuing such a policy.
Newer Horizon for Treatment of Acute Attack of Migraine
Authors: Maitra Arpita , Mukhopadhyay Sabyasachi , Das Abhijit , Choudhury Shouvik 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Migraine is characterized by severe, intermittent headache attacks with associated symptoms including nausea, vomiting, phonophobia, and photophobia. Still Triptans (selective 5-HT1B/D agonists) are considered as the first-line therapy in acute attack of migraine. Recently two new drugs Lasmiditan and Ubrogepant were approved by United States Food and Drug Administration in acute attack of migraine with or without aura in adults. Lasmiditan is a highly selective 5-HT1F receptor agonist which demonstrated superiority to placebo in the acute treatment of migraine in adults with moderate/severe migraine disability in two similarly designed phase-3 trials, SAMURAI and SPARTAN. Ubrogepant is a novel small molecule oral calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist. The approval was supported by two pivotal phase-3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials (ACHIEVE I and ACHIEVE II) that evaluated the efficacy, safety, tolerability. Hopefully, these two drugs may soon be a new addition to the mounting armory of drugs against migraine and may fulfill a substantial unmet need.
Determinants of maternal mortality in a critical care unit: A prospective analysis
Authors: Kumar Rohit , Gupta Ayush , Suri Tejus , Suri Jyotsna , Mittal Pratima , Suri Jagdish Chander 
Published: December 2021

Introduction:
An admission of a pregnant woman to an intensive care unit (ICU) is considered as an objective marker of maternal near miss. Only a few studies from the Indian subcontinent have reported on the ability of ICU scoring systems in predicting the mortality in obstetric patients.

Methods:
A prospective analysis of all critically ill obstetric patients admitted to the critical care department was done.

Results:
In the period between April 2013 and September 2017, there were 101 obstetric admissions to the critical care ICU. Of these, 82 patients (81.2%) were discharged from the hospital, 18 patients (17.8%) died, and one left against medical advice. The common diagnoses seen in these patients were cardiac failure (n = 39; 38.6%); pregnancy-induced hypertension (n = 26; 25.7%); acute respiratory distress syndrome (n = 20; 19.8%); intra-abdominal sepsis (n = 19; 18.8%); tropical diseases (n = 19; 18.8%); and tuberculosis (n = 13; 12.9%).When we compared the survivors with the nonsurvivors, a higher severity of illness score and a low PaO2/FiO2 were found to increase the odds of death. The area of distribution under the receiver operator characteristic curve was 0.726 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.575–0.877), 0.890 (95% CI = 0.773–1.006), 0.867 (95% CI = 0.755–0.979), and 0.850 (95% CI = 0.720–0.980) for the PaO2/FiO2, Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, respectively, for predicting mortality. The standardized mortality ratio was better with SAPSII than with APACHE II.

Conclusions:
Cardiac dysfunction is a leading cause of ICU admission. Obstetric patients frequently require ventilatory support, intensive hemodynamic monitoring, and blood transfusion. The APACHE II score is a good index for assessing ICU outcomes.
Prevalence of sleep apnea and lung function abnormalities in patients with acromegaly
Authors: Hashim Zia , Gupta Mansi , Nath Alok , Khan Ajmal , Neyaz Zafar , Tiwari Satyendra , Mishra Ravi , Srivastava Shivani , Gupta Sushil 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Sleep apnea (SA) is highly prevalent in acromegaly. Ethnicity influences the prevalence of SA in the general population. We studied the prevalence of SA and other respiratory comorbidities in North Indian patients with active acromegaly.

Design:
Prospective, observational.

Materials and Methods:
Consecutive adult patients with active acromegaly (n = 35, age 39.7 ± 13.2 years) and hypersomatotropism (nonsuppression of serum growth hormone after oral glucose and elevated serum insulin-like growth factor-1 [IGF-1]) were evaluated for respiratory symptoms, scoring for SA (Epworth Sleepiness Score [ESS] and STOP-BANG), pulmonary function tests (PFT), high-resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) of the thorax, polysomnography (PSG), and transthoracic echocardiography. Age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (n = 34) served as controls.

Results:
Acromegaly subjects had dyspnea (34%), cough (37%), excessive daytime somnolence (43%), and fatigue (49%). Clinically significant ESS (>10) and STOP-BANG score (≥3) were present in 41% and 68.6% of subjects, respectively. PFT showed restrictive and obstructive patterns in 45.7% and 11.4% of acromegalics respectively; with higher total lung capacity (TLC), thoracic gas volume (TGV), and residual volume (RV). PSG revealed significantly higher SA events in acromegalics (central [acromegaly 24.63 ± 37.82 vs. control 3.21 ± 5.5], mixed [11 ± 19.46 vs. 3.50 ± 5.96], obstructive [34.86 ± 44.37 vs. 9.71 ± 10.48], and mean apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] [16.91 ± 18.0 vs. 7.86 ± 7.84]). Acromegalics had significantly higher prevalence of obstructive SA (71.4% [mild 31.4%, moderate 20%, severe 20%]) as compared to controls (38.2%). There was no correlation of AHI with serum IGF-1 and disease duration.

Conclusion:
Acromegaly subjects have a significantly higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms, SA, and abnormalities in PFT. Screening for respiratory comorbidities should be routinely recommended in all patients with acromegaly.
ANALISA FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT CALON MAHASISWA DALAM MEMILIH AKADEMI KOMUNITAS (Studi kasus Akademi Komunitas Negeri Putra Sang Fajar Blitar)
Authors: Utama Adiguna 
Published: December 2021

Objektif. Akademi Komunitas Negeri Putra Sang Fajar Blitar (AKB) adalah salah satu perguruan tinggi negeri vokasi berbentuk akademi komunitas. AKB masih mengalami kendala terkait jumlah mahasiswa. Meskipun kegiatan promosi telah dilakukan, jumlah mahasiswa baru belum memuaskan. Berdasarakan alasan di atas, penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui lebih jauh minat calon mahasiswa untuk melanjutkan studi ke pendidikan tinggi, jenis pendidikan tinggi yang diminati, serta beberapa variabel lain yang mempengaruhi minat calon mahasiswa di wilayah Kota dan Kabupaten Blitar untuk melanjutkan studi ke pendidikan tinggi, khususnya ke AKB.
Material and Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan melakukan kegiatan survey secara daring. Subjek penelitian adalah minat siswa-siswi SMA/SMK/Sederajat untuk melanjutkan ke pendidikan tinggi, sedangkan objek penelitian adalah siswa-siswi SMA/SMK/Paket C/Sederajat yang ada di wilayah Kota dan Kabupaten Blitar. Kuesioner dalam bentuk google form disebarkan melalui aplikasi Whatsapp ke guru BP dan/atau langsung ke siswa serta media sosial lainnya.
Hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minat responden di wilayah Kota dan Kabupaten Blitar untuk melanjutkan ke pendidikan tinggi adalah cukup besar. Namun minat untuk melanjutkan ke pendidikan tinggi vokasi jenjang D1-D3 terbilang rendah dan hasil survey menunjukkan bahwa responden menginginkan jenjang D4/S1. Responden mendapatkan informasi mengenai AKB dari guru BP/Sekolah dan sosial media serta memutuskan pilihan jurusan lebih berdasarkan keputusan diri sendiri dan sedikit dipengaruhi masukan guru BP dan orang tua. Keberadaan beasiswa merupakan faktor yang mendorong minat untuk melanjutkan pendidikan ke AKB walaupun tidak terlalu signifikan, sementara di sisi lain ketersediaan kelas transfer dan bangunan kampus baru serta fasilitasnya tidak begitu membuat calon mahasiswa baru berminat untuk melanjutkan kuliah ke AKB.
Kesimpulan. Minat responden untuk melanjutkan ke pendidikan tinggi cukup besar namun sayangnya belum ada lembaga pendidikan tinggi di wilayah Kota dan Kabupaten Blitar yang mampu memfasilitasi minat dari responden sehingga kegiatan promosi yang dilakukan oleh AKB tidak bisa efektif karena AKB tidak menawarkan program yang sesuai dengan minat calon mahasiswa.
PEMBUATAN MEDIA INTERAKTIF ALUR PROSES PENGOLAHAN KELAPA SAWIT MENJADI CPO
Authors: Nofiar Andri 
Published: December 2021

Objektif. Buah sawit atau Elaeis merupakan tumbuhan produksi sebagai bahan baku produksi minyak masak, minyak industri dan bahan bakar. Pada satu dekade terakhir ini permintaan pasar terhadap produksi buah kelapa sawit terus meningkat. Produksi minyak kelapa sawit yang baik di Indonesia tidak terlepas dari proses produksi yang telah memenuhi standar mutu produksi minyak kelapa sawit dunia. Perkembangan yang baik ini tentu membuat masyarakat umum ingin tahu bagaimana proses produksi buah kelapa sawit menjadi Crude Palm Oil (CPO). Salah satu media yang bisa digunakan untuk menyampaikan informasi dan edukasi mengenai proses produksi buah kelapa sawit menjadi CPO adalah dengan menggunakan Media Interaktif yang mudah diakses oleh masyarakat pada umumnya.
Material dan Metode. Media interaktif ini dibuat dengan menggunakan Adobe Flash CS6 dan metode penelitian yang digunakan pada pembutan media interaktif ini adalah MDLC (Multimedia Devlopment Life Cycle) yang terdiri 6 tahapan dimulai dari pengonsepan, perancangan, pengumpulan bahan, pembuatan, percobaan dan diakhiri dengan pendistribusian.
Hasil. Media interaktif ini terdiri dari 5 scene, 5.379 frame dengan total durasi keseluruhan adalah 268 Detik.

Kesimpulan. Media Interaktif Alur Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit Menjadi CPO telah berhasil dibuat menggunakan Adobe Flash CS6, sebagai media informasi dan edukasi kepada masyarakat umum mengenai alur proses pengolahan kelapa sawit menjadi CPO dan hasil eksport data dengan output Shockwave Flash Object (SWF).
SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CORRELATES OF FASHION CONSCIOUSNESS OF CONSUMERS
Authors: Batool Syeda Shahida , Syeda  Azra Batool  , Amir Sultan  
Published: December 2021

Fashion conscious people allocate a large part of their budget on a latest fashion. The present study assessed the socio-economic and psychological factors that play significant role in fashion consciousness. A convenient sample of 200 individuals (men=100 and women=100) of age between 22 and 44 years from Multan, Pakistan was taken to study the correlates of fashion consciousness. The estimates of ordinary least square showed that education, monthly income, materialism, and media exposure had significant positive impact, and price consciousness had significant negative impact on fashion consciousness of the sample, which partially support consumption theories (e.g., Absolute Income Hypothesis’ and ‘Relative Income Hypothesis). The study has implications for both consumers and producers.
Key Words: Fashion consciousness, materialism, price consciousness, absolute income hypothesis, relative income hypothesis
COVID-19 PANDEMIC: DIFFICULTIES FACED BY SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS DURING EMERGENCY REMOTE TEACHING THROUGH ONLINE LEARNING AND THEIR OPINIONS
Authors: Jameel Hafiz Tahir , Masood Khan Abid , Nabeel Tanzila 
Published: December 2021

The objective of this study was to explore the difficulties faced by special education teachers during emergency remote teaching through online learning to special needs students during covid-19 pandemic and discuss their opinions. Population of study was special education teachers who were teaching to special needs students of secondary level at government special education institutions Faisalabad division of Punjab province Pakistan. The sample of the study was 15special education teachers were selected through random sampling technique. Phenomenology pattern was used in this research as a method of research. Semi structure interview was used as a tool of research. Results of the study clearly showed that almost all the special education teachers were motivated towards providing emergency remote teaching to their special students through online learning system. They have practiced a variety of strategies to provide online education to their students but they face a lot of difficulties in this regard. As majority of special students were from low socio economic background, so they have a lack of online learning facilities i.eandroid cell phones, laptops and internet connection etc. It was interesting to know that all the students who have sufficient facilities of online learning were not utilizing this for constructive purpose and to overcome their academic problems. They were merely wasting it over social media and gadgets are not utilizing for constructive purpose which was creating anxiety for their parents.
Key Words: Covid-19, pandemic,special needs students, special education teacher, emergency remote teaching, online learning
Speaking-club on-line para fortalecer la expresión oral del idioma inglês
Authors: Cedeño Maria Isabel Alcazar , Palma Melba Lilian Triana , Herrera Maria Mercedes Carpio , Liscano Veronica Alexandra Garcia 
Published: December 2021

En la expresión oral en inglés en estudiantes del nivel secundario, la comunicación oral (speak) es uno de los aspectos más relevantes en el aprendizaje del idioma y es aquí donde se evidencia dificultad al desarrollar una conversación en ingles lo cual implica el desarrollo de destrezas y habilidades para la comunicación. Tiene como objetivo determinar el efecto de la estrategia Speaking Club on-line en el fortalecimiento de la expresión oral en inglés en estudiantes de secundaria de la Institución Educativa Nicolás Infante Díaz. En la construcción de esta estrategia multimedia se consideró antecedentes nacionales e internacionales pertinentes al tema, se fundamenta en la teoría de Chomsky sobre el enfoque comunicativo sintetizado por Oxford (1990).
La investigación es cuantitativa, de diseño cuasi-experimental, El estudio se realizó a una muestra de 70 estudiantes de segundo año de bachillerato el instrumento que se utilizó fue una rúbrica la técnica de análisis de datos fue la prueba no paramétrica la U de Mann Whitney que contrastó la Este trabajo de investigación surgió como respuesta a las dificultades presentadas hipótesis de investigación. Una vez desarrollada la estrategia Speaking Club on-line se evidenció que los estudiantes en el grupo experimental, el 1% necesita mejorar, el 51% se encuentra en logro obtenido y 37% logro notable y alcanza un logro sobresaliente un 9%. Apreciándose que el grupo experimental tienen un mejor desempeño en la prueba del Post-Test.
Los resultados fueron favorables se logró fortalecer la expresión oral hay una diferencia significativa en el nivel de los estudiantes antes y después de aplicación de la estrategia Speaking Club on-line, con respecto a la contratación de hipótesis general el resultado del sig lateral es 0,003< 0.05 si tiene efectos significativos en el desarrollo de la expresión oral. Por tal razón se recomienda la aplicación de esta estrategia multimedia Speaking Club on-line para ser empleado en otros contextos.
Pelaksanaan Pelayanan Kesehatan Peserta BPJS Penerima Bantuan Iuran di Puskesmas Mamajang
Authors: Meman Rikardus Belang , Aripa Lusyana , Kartini Kartini 
Published: December 2021

Pelayanan kesehatan merupakan hak mendasar bagi masyarakat,oleh karena itu pelaksanaan program pelayanan kesehatan bagi peserta penerima bantuan iuranharusnya secara merata, karena dewasa ini masih kurangnya peserta penerima bantuan iuran merasakan program yang diberikan oleh pemerintah.Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pelayanan kesehatan pada peserta Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Penerima Bantuan Iuran di Puskesmas Mamajang Kota Makassar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif observasional dengan metode deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah Peserta BPJS Penerima Bantuan Iuran di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Mamajang dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Teknik penarikan sampel dilakukan dengan cara purposive sampling dengan kriteria, responden yang sering menggunakan kartu Penerima Bantuan Iuran ketika berobat atau memeriksa kesehatan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara langsung menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif yang dituangkan dalam bentuk persentase.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa jumlah kepesertaan dalam Pelayanan BPJS PBI yang sesuai sebanyak 66,0% responden dan Pelayanan Kesehatan secara Promotif yang sesuai sebanyak 77,0% responden, Preventif yang sesuai sebanyak 100%, Kuratif yang sesuai sebanyak 100%, dan Pelayanan Kesehatan secara Rehabilitatif yang sesuai sebanyak 100%.Disarankan untuk pemerintah khususnya lembaga penyelenggara jaminan sosial untuk meningkatkan evaluasi serta sosialisasi agar pelaksanaan program BPJS PBI lebih merata untuk masyarakat miskin.
Model Pengelolaan Zakat Saham dan Investasi di Baznas (Bazis) Provinsi DKI Jakarta
Authors: Fitri Fajria Nur , Rahmi Mira 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIndonesia is one of the most populous Muslim countries, so it has a very large potential for zakat. The types of zakat in Indonesia are zakat fitrah and zakat maal, over time zakat maal has developed what is known as contemporary zakat in the form of professional zakat, stock zakat, investment zakat, deposit zakat and the like. Each type of zakat collected is expected to have the potential to improve the economy and prosper the people. Zakat shares in Indonesia have the distribution of funds from companies or individuals based on the results of company profits and share profits where this profit is given to mustahik. So from this research on the management of stock and investment zakat, the authors found that related problems are still found to be low awareness of shareholders and investors to pay their zakat. This study aims to explain the management model of stock and investment zakat, and analyze the stock and investment zakat program in Baznas DKI Jakarta Province. The method used is a qualitative descriptive approach, the data sources used are through previous research, books, and the results of interviews with resource persons who understand zakat shares and investments. The results obtained by Baznas DKI Jakarta Province in managing stock and investment zakat using the theory of Yusuf Qardhawi and in an effort to increase muzakki or investors of Baznas DKI Jakarta Province. AbstrakIndonesia merupakan salah satu negara berpenduduk muslim terbesar, sehingga memiliki potensi zakat yang sangat besar. Jenis-jenis zakat yang ada di Indonesia adalah zakat fitrah dan zakat maal, seiring berjalannya waktu zakat maal telah berkembang yang dikenal dengan istilah zakat kontemporer berupa zakat profesi, zakat saham, zakat investasi, zakat deposito dan sejenisnya. Setiap jenis zakat yang terkumpul diharapkan memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan perekonomian dan mensejahterakan umat. Zakat saham di Indonesia memiliki pembagian dana dari perusahaan atau perorangan berdasarkan hasil keuntungan perusahaan dan keuntungan bagi hasil dimana keuntungan ini diberikan kepada mustahik. Maka dari penelitian tentang pengelolaan zakat saham dan investasi ini, penulis menemukan permasalahan terkait masih rendahnya kesadaran pemegang saham dan investor untuk membayar zakatnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan model pengelolaan zakat saham dan investasi, serta menganalisis program zakat saham dan investasi di Baznas Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, sumber data yang digunakan adalah melalui penelitian terdahulu, buku, dan hasil wawancara dengan nara sumber yang memahami zakat saham dan investasi. Hasil yang diperoleh Baznas Provinsi DKI Jakarta dalam mengelola zakat saham dan investasi menggunakan teori Yusuf Qardhawi dan dalam upaya meningkatkan muzakki atau investor Baznas Provinsi DKI Jakarta.
Learning Health Systems Can Promote and Sustain High-Value Occupational Therapy
Authors: Kinney Adam R. , Fields Beth , Juckett Lisa , Read Halley , Martino M. Nicole , Weaver Jennifer A. 
Published: December 2021

In the current policy context, the occupational therapy profession must act to promote and sustain high-value care. Stakeholders have delineated efforts, such as defining and measuring high-quality care processes or promoting the adoption of evidence into practice, that can enhance the value of occupational therapy services. There is a growing recognition, however, that low-value care is the product of deficiencies within health care systems and is therefore most amenable to system-level solutions. To date, the specific nature of system-level changes capable of identifying and rectifying low-value occupational therapy has yet to be elucidated. In this “The Issue Is. . .” column, we introduce occupational therapy to the Learning Health System concept and its essential functions. Moreover, we discuss action steps for occupational therapy stakeholders to lay the foundation for Learning Health Systems in their own professional contexts.
What This Article Adds: This article is the first to outline concrete action steps needed to transform occupational therapy practice contexts into Learning Health Systems. Such a transformation would represent a system-level change capable of fostering the delivery of high-value occupational therapy services to clients in a variety of practice settings.