bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large Telluroxane Bowls Connected by a Layer of Iodine Ions
Authors: Kirsten Lars , Fonseca Rodrigues Jessica , Hagenbach Adelheid , Springer Andreas , Pineda Nahum R. , Piquini Paulo C. , Roca Jungfer Maximilian , Schulz Lang Ernesto , Abram Ulrich 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPhenyltelluroxane clusters of the composition [{(PhTe)19O24}2I18(solv)] (1) are formed during the hydrolysis of [PhTeI3]2 or the oxidation of various phenyltellurium(II) compounds with iodine under hydrolytic conditions. The compounds consist of two half‐spheres with a {(PhTe)19O24}9+ network, which are connected by 18 iodine atoms. The spherical clusters can accommodate solvent molecules such as pyridine or methanol in the center of two rings formed by iodine atoms. The presence of other metal ions during the cluster formation results in a selective replacement of the central {PhTe}3+ units of each half‐sphere as has been demonstrated with the isolation of [{(PhTe)18({Ca(H2O)2}O24}2I16] (2) and [{(PhTe)18({Y(NO3)(H2O)}O24}2I16] (3). A crownether‐like coordination by six oxygen atoms of the telluroxane network is found for the {Ca(H2O}2}2+ and {Y(NO3)(H2O)}2+ building blocks. Mass spectrometric studies show that considerable amounts of the intact clusters are transferred to the gas phase without dissociation.
Can Aqueous Zinc–Air Batteries Work at Sub‐Zero Temperatures?
Authors: Zhao Chang‐Xin , Liu Jia‐Ning , Yao Nan , Wang Juan , Ren Ding , Chen Xiang , Li Bo‐Quan , Zhang Qiang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEfficient energy storage at low temperatures starves for competent battery techniques. Herein, inherent advantages of zinc–air batteries on low‐temperature electrochemical energy storage are discovered. The electrode reactions are resistive against low temperatures to render feasible working zinc–air batteries under sub‐zero temperatures. The relatively reduced ionic conductivity of electrolyte is identified as the main limiting factor, which can be addressed by employing a CsOH‐based electrolyte through regulating the solvation structures. Accordingly, 500 cycles with a stable voltage gap of 0.8 V at 5.0 mA cm−2 is achieved at −10 °C. This work reveals the promising potential of zinc–air batteries for low‐temperature electrochemical energy storage and inspires advanced battery systems under extreme working conditions.
Two‐period supply chain coordination strategies with ambidextrous sustainable innovations
Authors: Kumar Patanjal , Jakhar Suresh Kumar , Bhattacharya Arijit 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study considers a manufacturer with ambidextrous sustainable innovation capability selling products in environmentally conscious market through an independent retailer in a two‐period game setting. We design a two‐period game theoretic and dyadic supply chain (SC) model considering exploitative and exploratory nature of environmental innovations. We study five different contract types, namely, wholesale price contract, vertical Nash game structure, cost sharing contract, revenue sharing contract and two‐part tariff contract. We demonstrate the impact of market sensitivity towards sustainable innovation and cost parameters on optimal level of decision parameters. The equilibrium results reveal that a suitably designed two‐part tariff contract can be used to achieve coordination in a fragmented SC. The equilibrium results assist managers to optimise the SC based on the two‐period contract model. The results obtained in this study can help the decision‐makers to take decisions on investment in the ambidextrous sustainable innovation under different types of contract structures.
Stakeholder management in sustainable supply chains: A case study of the bioenergy industry
Authors: Siems Erik , Seuring Stefan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEngaging with stakeholders and managing their issues when striving for a sustainable supply chain (SC) is a significant challenge. Although most studies on sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) consider stakeholder management necessary, little is known about related stakeholder management practices in SSCM. Thus, this paper seeks to enrich the theoretical debate on stakeholder management practices in SSCM through a case study approach to bioenergy SCs in Chile. Based on 28 interviews with SC actors and representatives from the surrounding stakeholder environment, the deductive–inductive analysis reveals that stakeholder management combines different practices to discuss stakeholder concerns, address them, and evaluate the process at the SC's external and internal levels. We propose structuring these practices based on two dimensions: “practices to address stakeholder requirements” and “practices whereby stakeholders are integrated.” The analysis' results indicate that although two‐way communication with stakeholders can be seen as the core of stakeholder management, a certain willingness to learn and transform SC design is a prerequisite for true orientation toward stakeholder management in SSCM. Additionally, linkage development and local anchoring are practices used to obtain further legitimacy at the external level. Building on these findings, this study can guide practitioners in engaging with stakeholders and managing their issues across the SC.
Programmed death ligand‐1 regulates angiogenesis and metastasis by participating in the c‐JUN/VEGFR2 signaling axis in ovarian cancer
Authors: Yang Yufei , Xia Lingfang , Wu Yong , Zhou Hongyu , Chen Xin , Li Haoran , Xu Midie , Qi Zihao , Wang Ziliang , Sun Huizhen , Cheng Xi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundAlthough programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) plays a well‐known function in immune checkpoint response by interacting with programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1), the cell‐intrinsic role of PD‐L1 in tumors is still unclear. Here, we explored the molecular regulatory mechanism of PD‐L1 in the progression and metastasis of ovarian cancer.MethodsImmunohistochemistry of benign tissues and ovarian cancer samples was performed, followed by migration, invasion, and angiogenesis assays in PD‐L1‐knockdown ovarian cancer cells. Immunoprecipitation, mass spectrometry, and chromatin immunoprecipitation were conducted along with zebrafish and mouse experiments to explore the specific functions and mechanisms of PD‐L1 in ovarian cancer.ResultsOur results showed that PD‐L1 induced angiogenesis, which further promoted cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo of ovarian cancer. Mechanistically, PD‐L1 was identified to directly interact with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐2 (VEGFR2) and then activated the FAK/AKT pathway, which further induced angiogenesis and tumor progression, leading to poor prognosis of ovarian cancer patients. Meanwhile, PD‐L1 was found to be regulated by the oncogenic transcription factor c‐JUN at the transcriptional level, which enhanced the expression of PD‐L1 in ovarian cancer. Furthermore, we demonstrated that PD‐L1 inhibitor durvalumab, combined with the antiangiogenic drug, apatinib, could enhance the effect of anti‐angiogenesis and the inhibition of cell migration and invasion.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that PD‐L1 promoted the angiogenesis and metastasis of ovarian cancer by participating in the c‐JUN/VEGFR2 signaling axis, suggesting that the combination of PD‐L1 inhibitor and antiangiogenic drugs may be considered as a potential therapeutic approach for ovarian cancer patients.
Chinese and global burdens of gastric cancer from 1990 to 2019
Authors: He Yuxin , Wang Yida , Luan Fujuan , Yu Zhuwen , Feng Huang , Chen Bingxin , Chen Weichang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundGastric cancer is a common cancer in China. This project investigated the disease burden of gastric cancer from 1990 to 2019 in China and globally.MethodsThe global age‐standardized rates (ASRs) were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease. Moreover, the estimated annual percentage changes (eAPCs) in the ASRs of incidence (ASIR), mortality (ASMR), and disability‐adjusted life‐years (DALYs) were calculated to determine the trends by countries and regions.ResultsIn China, the ASIR declined from 37.56 to 30.64 per 100,000 and the ASMR declined from 37.73 to 21.72 per 100,000. The global ASIR decreased from 22.44 to 15.59 and the ASMR declined from 20.48 to 11.88 per 100,000 persons from 1990 to 2019. The ASIR was the lowest in Malawi (3.28 per 100,000) and the highest in Mongolia (43.7 per 100,000), whereas the ASMR was the lowest in the United States of America (3.40 per 100,000) and the highest in Mongolia (40.04 per 100,000) in 2019. The incidence of early‐onset gastric cancer increased in China. The DALYs attributed to gastric cancer presented a slight decrease during the period. China had a higher mortality/incidence ratio (0.845) and 5‐year prevalence (27.6/100,000) than most developed countries.ConclusionChina presented a steady decline in the incidence and mortality rates for gastric cancer. The global ASIR, ASMR, and DALYs showed a slight rise decrease. Different patterns of gastric cancer rates and temporal trends have been identified in different geographical regions, indicating that specific strategies are needed to prevent the increase in some countries.
Alopecic and aseptic nodules of the scalp: A new case with a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Bellinato Francesco , Maurelli Martina , Colato Chiara , Gisondi Paolo , Girolomoni Giampiero 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAlopecic and aseptic nodule of the scalp/Pseudocyst of the scalp is a rare but probably underdiagnosed nonscarring alopecia with good prognosis and doxycycline is a safe and effective option treatment.
S‐PEEK as a Catalyst for Gas Phase OME Synthesis
Authors: Kley Klara S. , Grünert Anna , Schmidt Wolfgang , Schüth Ferdi 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOxymethylene ethers are a diesel additive/alternative, which reduce pollutant emissions. Based on methanol, it is possible to produce them from renewable energy and CO2. Sulfonated ion exchange resins are known to catalyze the synthesis of OME in liquid phase. Here, we report that the sulfonated polymer polyether‐ether‐ketone (S‐PEEK) exhibits outstanding catalytic properties in the gas phase synthesis of OMEn. PEEK was reacted with gaseous SO3 to a degree of 22 % sulfonated monomer units. Using this material as a catalyst in the direct conversion of formaldehyde and methanol, an extraordinary selectivity to OME1 and OME2 of 93 % at equilibrium conversion of 55 % was obtained. Further, it was shown that the catalyst is stable for more than 60 h, and that with increasing reaction time selectivity to OME2 increases.
Precursor Nuclearity and Ligand Effects in Atomically‐Dispersed Heterogeneous Iron Catalysts for Alkyne Semi‐Hydrogenation
Authors: Faust Akl Dario , Ruiz‐Ferrando Andrea , Fako Edvin , Hauert Roland , Safonova Olga , Mitchell Sharon , López Núria , Pérez‐Ramírez Javier 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNanostructuring earth‐abundant metals as single atoms or clusters of controlled size on suitable carriers opens new routes to develop high‐performing heterogeneous catalysts, but resolving speciation trends remains challenging. Here, we investigate the potential of low‐nuclearity iron catalysts in the continuous liquid‐phase semi‐hydrogenation of various alkynes. The activity depends on multiple factors, including the nuclearity and ligand sphere of the metal precursor and their evolution upon interaction with the mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride scaffold. Density functional theory predicts the favorable adsorption of the metal precursors on the scaffold without altering the nuclearity and preserving some ligands. Contrary to previous observations for palladium catalysts, single atoms of iron exhibit higher activity than larger clusters. Atomistic simulations suggest a central role of residual carbonyl species in permitting low‐energy paths over these isolated metal centers.
Unexpected Promotional Effects of Alkyl‐Tailed Ligands and Anions on the Electrochemical Generation of Ruthenium(IV)‐Oxo Complexes
Authors: Tsang Chui‐Shan , Lee Lawrence Yoon Suk , Cheung Kwong‐Chak , Chan Pak‐Ho , Wong Wing‐Leung , Wong Kwok‐Yin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractElectro‐generation of RuIV=O species from the RuII‐aqua complex is a crucial step to excel the electrocatalytic water oxidation performance of ruthenium oxo complexes. We report herein the synthesis and X‐ray crystal structural characterizations of new RuII‐aqua complexes containing N‐substituted 2,2′‐dipyridylamine ligands (L) tagged with an alkyl chain of various lengths, [Ru(tpy)(L)(OH2)]2+. Cyclic voltammetric analyses show that the length of the alkyl chain exerts great influence on the electro‐generation of RuIV=O species. The L with a longer alkyl chain in an acidic aqueous medium promotes the conversion of RuIII−OH to RuIV=O efficiently. Surprisingly, this conversion can be further enhanced by the presence of perchlorate anions. Chronocoulometric data reveal that the alkyl chain on L promotes the adsorption of the ruthenium complex on the electrode surface. Bulk electrolysis results indicate that the [Ru(tpy)(dppa)(OH2)]2+ (dppa=(2,2′‐dipyridyl)‐n‐propylamine) gives the most active electrocatalytic water oxidation activity among the ruthenium‐aqua complexes investigated in this study.
Transmembrane Transport of Bicarbonate Unravelled**
Authors: Martínez‐Crespo Luis , Hewitt Sarah H. , De Simone Nicola Alessandro , Šindelář Vladimír , Davis Anthony P. , Butler Stephen , Valkenier Hennie 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAnion receptors can be used to transport ions across lipid bilayers, which has potential for therapeutic applications. Synthetic bicarbonate transporters are of particular interest, as defects in transmembrane transport of bicarbonate are associated with various diseases. However, no convenient method exists to directly observe bicarbonate transport and study the mechanisms involved. Here, an assay is presented that allows the kinetics of bicarbonate transport into liposomes to be monitored directly and with great sensitivity. The assay utilises an encapsulated europium(III) complex, which exhibits a large increase in emission intensity upon binding bicarbonate. Mechanisms involving CO2 diffusion and the dissipation of a pH gradient are shown to be able to lead to an increase in bicarbonate concentration within liposomes, without transport of the anion occurring at all. By distinguishing these alternative mechanisms from actual bicarbonate transport, this assay will inform the future development of bicarbonate transporters.
Direct Synthesis of Nanosheet‐Stacked Hierarchical “Honey Stick‐like” MFI Zeolites by an Aromatic Heterocyclic Dual‐Functional Organic Structure‐Directing Agent
Authors: Wang Risheng , Peng Zhihua , Wu Pingping , Lu Jinzhi , Rood Mark J. , Sun Hongman , Zeng Jingbin , Wang Youhe , Yan Zifeng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSoft template designing is the most promising strategy for the synthesis of zeolite nanosheets. MFI nanosheets directed by soft templates (containing long‐chain alkyl groups or aromatic groups as hydrophobic component) can be found frequently; however, so far, MFI nanosheets synthesized by soft templates with aromatic heterocycle groups (e. g., s‐triazine groups) are rare. Herein, a nanosheet‐stacked hierarchical MFI zeolite (NSHM) has been synthesized by using a triply branched s‐triazine‐based surfactant as a bifunctional organic structure‐directing agent. On the basis of a geometrical match relationship, a formation model has been proposed. Synthesized NSHM had abundant mesopores stacked by nanosheets and exhibited a high surface area (430 m2 ⋅ g−1). The 1 wt% Pd/NSHM attained a significant increase in yield of cyclohexanol/cyclohexanone mixture (from 66 to 85 %) in the oxidation of cyclohexane compared with Silicalite‐1 and SBA‐15 as supports.
Consequences of Amide Connectivity in the Supramolecular Polymerization of Porphyrins: Spectroscopic Observations Rationalized by Theoretical Modelling
Authors: Weyandt Elisabeth , Filot Ivo A. W. , Vantomme Ghislaine , Meijer E. W. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe correlation between molecular structure and mechanism of supramolecular polymerizations is a topic of great interest, with a special focus on the pathway complexity of porphyrin assemblies. Their cooperative polymerization typically yields highly ordered, long 1D polymers and is driven by a combination of π‐stacking due to solvophobic effects and hydrogen bonding interactions. Subtle changes in molecular structure, however, have significant influence on the cooperativity factor and yield different aggregate types (J‐ versus H‐aggregates) of different lengths. In this study, the influence of amide connectivity on the self‐assembly behavior of porphyrin‐based supramolecular monomers was investigated. While in nonpolar solvents, C=O centered monomers readily assemble into helical supramolecular polymers via a cooperative mechanism, their NH centered counterparts form short, non‐helical J‐type aggregates via an isodesmic pathway. A combination of spectroscopy and density functional theory modelling sheds light on the molecular origins causing this stunning difference in assembly properties and demonstrates the importance of molecular connectivity in the design of supramolecular systems. Finally, their mutual interference in copolymerization experiments is presented.
Asymmetric Spirobiacridine‐based Delayed Fluorescence Emitters for High‐performance Organic Light‐Emitting Devices
Authors: Arai Hiroki , Sasabe Hisahiro , Tsuneyama Hisaki , Kumada Kengo , Kido Junji 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRecently, researchers have focused on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) for efficient future lighting and displays. Among TADF emitters, a combination of triazine and acridine is a promising candidate for realizing high‐efficiency organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs). However, simultaneous development of perfect horizontal orientation (Θ=100 %) and an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of over 40 % is still challenging. Here, to obtain insights for further improvements of a triazine/acridine combination, various asymmetric spirobiacridine (SBA)‐based TADF emitters with a unity photoluminescence quantum yield and high Θ ratio of over 80 % were developed. Furthermore, the substitution effects of the triazine acceptor unit on the photophysical properties were studied, including molecular orientations and OLED performance. The corresponding OLED exhibited sky‐blue emission with a high EQE of over 30 %.
A review of Leila Rose Foundation support for families affected by rare childhood cancer in Australia over the past decade
Authors: Sutherland Gemma , Chow Andrew , Chow Tracy , Broadley Christopher 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Leila Rose Foundation (“the Foundation”) was established in April 2011, to address financial toxicity as well as the gaps in knowledge and support for families affected by a rare childhood cancer diagnosis in Australia.AimThe aim of this brief report is to analyze the diagnostic trends surrounding the rare cancer diagnoses for patients referred to the Foundation over the past decade and to present case studies evaluating the role of the Foundation's Family Support Coordinator in providing tailored, individualized support for families.MethodsEligibility for family support is restricted to children ≤ 14 years of age at diagnosis with a cancer that has an incidence less than 5% of all childhood cancers in Australia as reflected by national registry data. The analysis of diagnostic trends in this report, was based upon a systematic review of enrolment records. The role of the Family Support Coordinator is presented in four different case studies.ResultsAs at 1 November 2020, the Foundation has supported 197 families affected by rare childhood cancer. Financial support of $825,000 has been provided directly to these families. Enrollment records demonstrate that 35 patients representing 18% of all enrollments have had a unique diagnosis that has not been recorded for any other enrolled patient highlighting that these diagnoses are very rare. The most frequent diagnoses have included Medulloblastoma, Ewing's Sarcoma and Wilm's Tumor (20, 19, 19 patients respectively). The Family Support Coordinator role has provided individualized support for families which has been greatly appreciated based upon ad hoc family feedback.ConclusionsChallenges remain in terms of improving outcomes for families affected by rare childhood cancer. The Foundation is committed to leaving no stone unturned and delivering its unique support services to families in order to reduce the burden caused by a rare childhood cancer diagnosis both now and in the future.
Cooperative Chemotaxis of Magnesium Microswimmers for Corrosion Spotting
Authors: Pavel Ileana‐Alexandra , Salinas Gerardo , Mierzwa Maciej , Arnaboldi Serena , Garrigue Patrick , Kuhn Alexander 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNumerous artificial micro‐ and nanomotors, as well as various swimmers have been inspired by living organisms that are able to move in a coordinated manner. Their cooperation has also gained a lot of attention because the resulting clusters are able to adapt to changes in their environment and to perform complex tasks. However, mimicking such a collective behavior remains a challenge. In the present work, magnesium microparticles are used as chemotactic swimmers with pronounced collective features, allowing the gradual formation of macroscopic agglomerates. The formed clusters act like a single swimmer able to follow pH gradients. This dynamic behavior can be used to spot localized corrosion events in a straightforward way. The autonomous docking of the swimmers to the corrosion site leads to the formation of a local protection layer, thus increasing corrosion resistance and triggering partial self‐healing.
Effects of artificial inoculation on trait correlations with resistance to Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination in maize
Authors: Butoto Eric N. , Marino Thiago P. , Holland James B. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBreeding for resistance to Fusarium ear rot (FER;Fusarium verticillioidesNirenberg) and fumonisin (FUM) contamination in maize (Zea maysL.) is labor intensive, time consuming, and expensive. The objective of this study is to explore three possible shortcuts to improve the efficiency of breeding for resistance to FER and FUM: relying on natural instead of artificial inoculation ofFusarium verticillioides, selecting inbred lines per se instead of topcross hybrids, and using grain test weight (TW) as an indirect selection criterion. We selected the 27 most resistant and 26 most susceptible S0:1lines from the third cycle of a broad‐based recurrent selection population and topcrossed them to a common inbred line. The resulting topcross hybrids were evaluated in three North Carolina environments under artificial and natural inoculation ofF. verticillioides. The entry‐mean heritabilities for FER and FUM are considerably reduced under natural conditions compared to artificial inoculation; therefore, artificial inoculation should be practiced for efficient selection for resistance. We found a high correlation between FER and FUM content of S0:1lines per se and their topcross hybrids, suggesting that selection among early generation inbred lines per se is an efficient method to improve resistance in their topcross hybrids. The TW of inoculated S0:1lines per se was strongly and negatively correlated with FER and FUM of their topcross hybrids, suggesting that TW can be utilized as an indirect selection criterion to improve resistance to FER and FUM contamination.