bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for inflammatory bowel disease 2020
Authors: Nakase Hiroshi , Uchino Motoi , Shinzaki Shinichiro , Matsuura Minoru , Matsuoka Katsuyoshi , Kobayashi Taku , Saruta Masayuki , Hirai Fumihito , Hata Keisuke , Hiraoka Sakiko , Esaki Motohiro , Sugimoto Ken , Fuji Toshimitsu , Watanabe Kenji , Nakamura Shiro , Inoue Nagamu , Itoh Toshiyuki , Naganuma Makoto , Hisamatsu Tadakazu , Watanabe Mamoru , Miwa Hiroto , Enomoto Nobuyuki , Shimosegawa Tooru , Koike Kazuhiko 
Published: April 2021

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a general term for chronic or remitting/relapsing inflammatory diseases of the intestinal tract and generally refers to ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Since 1950, the number of patients with IBD in Japan has been increasing. The etiology of IBD remains unclear; however, recent research data indicate that the pathophysiology of IBD involves abnormalities in disease susceptibility genes, environmental factors and intestinal bacteria. The elucidation of the mechanism of IBD has facilitated therapeutic development. UC and CD display heterogeneity in inflammatory and symptomatic burden between patients and within individuals over time. Optimal management depends on the understanding and tailoring of evidence-based interventions by physicians. In 2020, seventeen IBD experts of the Japanese Society of Gastroenterology revised the previous guidelines for IBD management published in 2016. This English version was produced and modified based on the existing updated guidelines in Japanese. The Clinical Questions (CQs) of the previous guidelines were completely revised and categorized as follows: Background Questions (BQs), CQs, and Future Research Questions (FRQs). The guideline was composed of a total of 69 questions: 39 BQs, 15 CQs, and 15 FRQs. The overall quality of the evidence for each CQ was determined by assessing it with reference to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach, and the strength of the recommendation was determined by the Delphi consensus process. Comprehensive up-to-date guidance for on-site physicians is provided regarding indications for proceeding with the diagnosis and treatment.
The development of students’ achievement emotions after transition to secondary school: a multilevel growth curve modelling approach
Authors: Meyer Simon , Schlesier Juliane 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis empirical study focuses on students’ development of positive and negative achievement emotions during the first year and the beginning of the second year of secondary school. Using multilevel growth curve modelling, the development of the achievement emotions enjoyment, pride, anxiety, hopelessness and boredom during class in general was investigated. Data from 584 students (taken at three different time points during the first year and the beginning of the second year of secondary school in Germany) was analysed by controlling for gender and the type of school. The results confirm the main assumption: positive achievement emotions decline, whereas negative achievement emotions increase after transition to secondary school. The assumption regarding the effects of type of school was also confirmed: students entering a higher track school (German Gymnasium) experience more positive achievement emotions than students in middle track schools (German Realschule) do. However, the decline in these achievement emotions in higher track schools is comparatively worse than for students in middle track schools. The results are discussed with regard to students’ further studies, as well as the wider educational implications.
Nuclear m6A reader YTHDC1 regulates the scaffold function of LINE1 RNA in mouse ESCs and early embryos
Authors: Chen Chuan , Liu Wenqiang , Guo Jiayin , Liu Yuanyuan , Liu Xuelian , Liu Jun , Dou Xiaoyang , Le Rongrong , Huang Yixin , Li Chong , Yang Lingyue , Kou Xiaochen , Zhao Yanhong , Wu You , Chen Jiayu , Wang Hong , Shen Bin , Gao Yawei , Gao Shaorong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractN6-methyladenosine (m6A) on chromosome-associated regulatory RNAs (carRNAs), including repeat RNAs, plays important roles in tuning the chromatin state and transcription, but the intrinsic mechanism remains unclear. Here, we report that YTHDC1 plays indispensable roles in the self-renewal and differentiation potency of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), which highly depends on the m6A-binding ability. Ythdc1 is required for sufficient rRNA synthesis and repression of the 2-cell (2C) transcriptional program in ESCs, which recapitulates the transcriptome regulation by the LINE1 scaffold. Detailed analyses revealed that YTHDC1 recognizes m6A on LINE1 RNAs in the nucleus and regulates the formation of the LINE1-NCL partnership and the chromatin recruitment of KAP1. Moreover, the establishment of H3K9me3 on 2C-related retrotransposons is interrupted in Ythdc1-depleted ESCs and inner cell mass (ICM) cells, which consequently increases the transcriptional activities. Our study reveals a role of m6A in regulating the RNA scaffold, providing a new model for the RNA-chromatin cross-talk.
Novità nella diagnosi genetica di iperplasia surrenale congenita da deficit di 21-idrossilasi
Authors: Menabò Soara 
Published: April 2021

SommarioLa ricerca di varianti patogenetiche del gene CYP21A2, responsabili del 90–95% dei casi di iperplasia surrenale congenita, è resa altamente complessa dall’omologia di sequenza con lo pseudogene, dall’elevata frequenza di ricombinazione del locus e dal numero variabile di moduli ripetuti. Tuttavia, grazie alle recenti conoscenze e alle nuove metodiche si sono raggiunti ottimi livelli diagnostici importanti per una corretta diagnosi e una consulenza genetica affidabile, nonché per individuare patologie associate.
Created goodness and the goodness of God: divine ideas and the possibility of creaturely value
Authors: Kemp Dan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTraditional theism says that the goodness of everything comes from God. Moreover, the goodness of something intrinsically valuable can only come from what has it. Many conclude from these two claims that no creatures have intrinsic value if traditional theism is true. I argue that the exemplarist theory of the divine ideas gives the theist a way out. According to exemplarism, God creates everything according to ideas that are about himself, and so everything resembles God. Since God is wholly good in every way, and since ethical supervenience is true, it follows that creatures have intrinsic value.
Islam and Mass Preferences Toward Foreign Direct Investment in Tunisia
Authors: Jamal Amaney A. , Milner Helen V. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAre FDI and Islam in conflict with one another in the eyes of Tunisians? Does support for globalization fall or increase when it embraces or challenges Islamic dress, prayer, and other practices? We examine through different experimental tests how Tunisians react to foreign direct investment when it accommodates or conflicts with Islamic norms. Using three original sources of data, including a large representative survey (N = 4,986), a conjoint survey experiment (N = 1,502), and an original survey experiment with experimental social vignettes (N = 504), we examine how threats (and non-threats) from FDI to Islamic norms affect support for FDI. We find strong support for FDI, but these levels of support are not stable. We find the support for FDI falls by almost 32% if it is seen to clash with female Islamic dress. Support is highest when it accommodates Islamic practices, especially the female hijab and lowest when it is perceived to disregard these practices.
Appraisal of Tectonic‐Geomorphic Features in the Hindu Kush‐ Himalayas
Authors: Pei Yanqian , Qiu Haijun , Hu Sheng , Yang Dongdong , Zhang Yan , Ma Shuyue , Cao Mingming 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe appraisal of tectonic‐geomorphic features is the basis for the development and management of land, the selection of road routes, and the site selection and construction process of hydropower projects. However, properly evaluating tectonic‐geomorphic features and revealing the relationships among geomorphic evolution, landslides, and tectonic activity remain major challenges in geography and geomorphology. We take the core area of the planned Diamer‐Bhasha Dam as a study area. On the strength of digital elevation models (DEMs), geomorphic indices are extracted to evaluate the tectonic activity and geomorphic evolution. Landslide cataloging by field investigation is used to reveal the relationships between geomorphic evolution, landslides, and tectonic activity. We found that the tectonic activity and geomorphic evolution of the sub‐basin where the Diamer‐Bhasha Dam is planned and the sub‐basin along the Indus are in the stable and old stage, respectively. In contrast, the tectonic‐geomorphic features in the marginal sub‐basins far from the Indus are still active. The correlations among lithology, AF, Vf, HI, SL, and landslide indicate that tectonic activity can influence geomorphic evolution and induce landslides, whereas changes in lithology do not. In addition, landslides can exacerbate geomorphic evolution.
Simultaneous Observation of Sporadic Potassium and Sodium Layers Over São José dos Campos, Brazil (23.1°S, 45.9°W)
Authors: Andrioli V. F. , Xu J. , Batista P. P. , Pimenta A. A. , Martins M. P. P. , Savio S. , Targon C. G. , Yang G. , Jiao J. , Wang C. , Liu Z. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSporadic potassium (Ks) and sodium (Nas) layers were investigated using more than 1,500 h of simultaneous Na/K LIDAR data at São José dos Campos, Brazil (23.1°S, 45.9°W). These events were observed on more than 88% of the analyzed nights. Although Na and K are both alkali metals, their sporadic layers show different behaviors. The Nas layers were in general 0.7 km wider and occurred ∼2 km higher than Ks layers. Moreover, the Nas layers progression is faster than that of Ks layers not only in the process of reaching their maximum amplitude but also in terms of dissipation. Our study showed that most Ns events (80% of Ks layers and 90% of Nas layers) have a strength factor of upto 5. Moreover, on average, Ks presented a strength factor ∼1.3 times stronger than that of Nas. The relative frequency of occurrence for both Ks and Nas layers exhibits an almost semiannual variation, with maxima in January/October and February/September, respectively. On the other hand, no similar variation was observed in the peak density or in the peak height. The peak density shows an annual variation, with a maximum occurring during winter for Ks events and a semiannual variation with a maxima occurring at the equinoxes for Nas. Different seasonal behaviors were also seen in the peak height of the identified layers, with Ks presenting a semiannual variation with maxima around January/October, while an annual variation occurred in Nas with lower layers occurring around winter.
The 2018 Mount Etna Earthquake (Mw 4.9): Depicting a Natural Model of a Composite Fault System From Coseismic Surface Breaks
Authors: Romagnoli G. , Pavano F. , Tortorici G. , Catalano S. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDuring the Mw 4.9 earthquake of December 26, 2018, an 8 km long arc‐shaped coseismic fracture belt formed along the southeastern flank of Etna Volcano (Sicily, Italy). We performed prompt field mapping of the 2018 coseismic fracture field, integrated with structural measurements in about 600 sites. The fracture belt comprises a northern, 3‐km‐long N130° striking segment, and a southern, 5‐km‐long N150°–170° portion. Along the former segment our data document a dextral shear zone, geometrically and kinematically coherent with the focal mechanism of the earthquake and indicating N170‐oriented compression. This shear zone shows a distinctive ground signature affecting lava flows of different ages, suggesting progressive growth of the structure through repeated coseismic cycles. The coseismic strain migrated to the NNW‐oriented segment, along which the strike‐slip deformation changed into N100–120°‐trending extension. The deformation along this segment is derived from the reactivation of a Late Quaternary tectonic boundary separating two adjacent compressional and extensional domains. The overall coseismic deformation is the result of these two different kinematics, consistent with the long‐term dynamics of both adjacent domains. The growth rate of recent cumulative morphotectonic features along the remobilized NNW‐striking fault demonstrates that the structure is still deforming at a rate comparable to the long‐period estimate. Our study points out that the 2018 seismic event, even if triggered by volcano‐tectonic processes, represents the expression of the composite regional dynamics, which are well constrained by large scale geodetic data.
Foreshock Cavities: Direct Transmission Through the Bow Shock
Authors: Sibeck D. G. , Lee S.‐H. , Omidi N. , Angelopoulos V. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractGlobal hybrid code simulations predict enhanced densities and magnetic field strengths not only in foreshock compressional boundaries on the flanks of the steady‐state dayside foreshock under near‐radial IMF conditions but also on the edges of the traveling foreshock cavities formed when slabs of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) lines connect to the bow shock. The simulations predict only modest velocity or temperature perturbations attending the foreshock compressional/cavity boundaries. However, they predict pronounced flow enhancements and depressed temperatures accompanying the enhanced densities and magnetic field strengths on foreshock compressional/cavity boundaries transmitted into the magnetosheath. Many of these properties are similar to those of magnetosheath jets, previously attributed to processes occurring at locations where the solar wind flow makes a grazing encounter with a locally oblique bow shock. Simultaneous THEMIS observations upstream and downstream from the Earth’s bow shock from 1430 to 1630 UT on June 14, 2007 confirm simulation predictions for the direct transmission of foreshock cavities into the magnetosheath. Foreshock cavity density and magnetic field strength perturbations diminish very rapidly with distance upstream from the bow shock.
Promoting a Holistic Family Care Model: Ethical and Practical Considerations for Treating Adult Caregivers in Integrated Pediatric Settings
Authors: Maragakis Alexandros , Ham Hannah , Bruni Teryn P. , Byrd Michelle R. , LaLonde Leah , Neenan Alexandra , Caserta Abigail , Turnier Luke 
Published: April 2021

Objective: As pediatric behavioral health concerns are increasingly identified and addressed within pediatric primary care and family medicine practices, behavioral health providers (BHPs) in integrated primary care (IPC) are often faced with not only addressing the psychosocial needs of their child patients, but also confronting the needs of those patients’ caregivers. Given the extensive body of evidence demonstrating that child mental health is associated with caregiver mental health, continued discussions of addressing caregiver mental health within the integrated care context are warranted. Method: The current paper will discuss obstacles to establishing family-centered comprehensive behavioral care including ethical concerns around informed consent, scope of practice, and dual relations, and various practice considerations. Results: The obstacles are greater for establishing family-centered comprehensive behavioral care within pediatric settings compared to family practice settings due to the additional practice considerations. The potential benefit to children and the broader family system may warrant the effort. Conclusions: By identifying and discussing these issues, BHPs working within pediatric and family medicine settings are encouraged to engage in active dialogue with hospital and clinic administrators to overcome systemic barriers and to think flexibly about how BHPs might expand upon existing approaches in order to utilize the IPC opportunity to address parent mental health concerns that may otherwise impede a child’s treatment progress. Implications for Impact Statement Treating adult caregivers within pediatric primary or family care settings has the potential of vastly improving the mental health of the entire family. Integrated pediatric primary care provides an ideal setting for behavioral health providers to provide holistic family care. To do this effectively, ethical and practical barriers must be discussed and dismantled.
Resting-state dopaminergic cell firing in the ventral tegmental area negatively regulates affiliative social interactions in a developmental animal model of schizophrenia
Authors: Sotoyama Hidekazu , Namba Hisaaki , Kobayashi Yutaro , Hasegawa Taku , Watanabe Dai , Nakatsukasa Ena , Sakimura Kenji , Furuyashiki Tomoyuki , Nawa Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHyperdopaminergic activities are often linked to positive symptoms of schizophrenia, but their neuropathological implications on negative symptoms are rather controversial among reports. Here, we explored the regulatory role of the resting state-neural activity of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) on social interaction using a developmental rat model for schizophrenia. We prepared the model by administering an ammonitic cytokine, epidermal growth factor (EGF), to rat pups, which later exhibit the deficits of social interaction as monitored with same-gender affiliative sniffing. In vivo single-unit recording and microdialysis revealed that the baseline firing frequency of and dopamine release from VTA dopaminergic neurons were chronically increased in EGF model rats, and their social interaction was concomitantly reduced. Subchronic treatment with risperidone ameliorated both the social interaction deficits and higher frequency of dopaminergic cell firing in this model. Sustained suppression of hyperdopaminergic cell firing in EGF model rats by DREADD chemogenetic intervention restored the event-triggered dopamine release and their social behaviors. These observations suggest that the higher resting-state activity of VTA dopaminergic neurons is responsible for the reduced social interaction of this schizophrenia model.
Disrupting quorum sensing alters social interactions in Chromobacterium violaceum
Authors: Mion Sonia , Carriot Nathan , Lopez Julien , Plener Laure , Ortalo-Magné Annick , Chabrière Eric , Culioli Gérald , Daudé David 
Published: April 2021

AbstractQuorum sensing (QS) is a communication system used by bacteria to coordinate a wide panel of biological functions in a cell density-dependent manner. The Gram-negativeChromobacterium violaceumhas previously been shown to use an acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL)-based QS to regulate various behaviors, including the production of proteases, hydrogen cyanide, or antimicrobial compounds such as violacein. By using combined metabolomic and proteomic approaches, we demonstrated that QS modulates the production of antimicrobial and toxic compounds inC. violaceumATCC 12472. We provided the first evidence of anisomycin antibiotic production by this strain as well as evidence of its regulation by QS and identified new AHLs produced byC. violaceumATCC 12472. Furthermore, we demonstrated that targeting AHLs with lactonase leads to major QS disruption yielding significant molecular and phenotypic changes. These modifications resulted in drastic changes in social interactions betweenC. violaceumand a Gram-positive bacterium (Bacillus cereus), a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), immune cells (murine macrophages), and an animal model (planarianSchmidtea mediterranea). These results underscored that AHL-based QS plays a key role in the capacity ofC. violaceumto interact with micro- and macroorganisms and that quorum quenching can affect microbial population dynamics beyond AHL-producing bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria.
COCO-Search18 fixation dataset for predicting goal-directed attention control
Authors: Chen Yupei , Yang Zhibo , Ahn Seoyoung , Samaras Dimitris , Hoai Minh , Zelinsky Gregory 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAttention control is a basic behavioral process that has been studied for decades. The currently best models of attention control are deep networks trained on free-viewing behavior to predict bottom-up attention control – saliency. We introduce COCO-Search18, the first dataset of laboratory-qualitygoal-directed behaviorlarge enough to train deep-network models. We collected eye-movement behavior from 10 people searching for each of 18 target-object categories in 6202 natural-scene images, yielding$$\sim$$∼300,000 search fixations. We thoroughly characterize COCO-Search18, and benchmark it using three machine-learning methods: a ResNet50 object detector, a ResNet50 trained on fixation-density maps, and an inverse-reinforcement-learning model trained on behavioral search scanpaths. Models were also trained/tested on images transformed to approximate a foveated retina, a fundamental biological constraint. These models, each having a different reliance on behavioral training, collectively comprise the new state-of-the-art in predicting goal-directed search fixations. Our expectation is that future work using COCO-Search18 will far surpass these initial efforts, finding applications in domains ranging from human-computer interactive systems that can anticipate a person’s intent and render assistance to the potentially early identification of attention-related clinical disorders (ADHD, PTSD, phobia) based on deviation from neurotypical fixation behavior.
Penta band single negative meta-atom absorber designed on square enclosed star-shaped modified split ring resonator for S-, C-, X- and Ku- bands microwave applications
Authors: Islam Md. Rashedul , Islam Mohammad Tariqul , Moniruzzaman Md. , Samsuzzaman Md. , Arshad Haslina 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper represents a penta band square enclosed star-shaped modified split ring resonator (SRR) based single negative meta-atom absorber (MAA) for multi-band microwave regime applications. FR-4 low-cost material has been used as a substrate to make the MAA unit cell with 0.101λ0 × 0.101λ0 of electrical size, where λ0 is the wavelength calculated at the lower resonance frequency of 3.80 GHz. There are two outer square split ring and one inner star ring shape resonator of 0.035 mm thickness of copper placed on the one side, and another side of the substrate has full copper to construct the desired unit cell. The MAA unit cell provides five absorption peaks of 97.87%, 93.65%, 92.66%, 99.95%, and 99.86% at the frequencies of 3.80, 5.65, 8.45, 10.82, and 15.92 GHz, respectively, which covers S-, C-, X-, and Ku- bands. The properties of MAA have been investigated and analyzed in the E-, H-fields and surface current. The EMR and highest Q factor of the designed MAA is 9.87 and 30.41, respectively, and it shows a single negative (SNG) property. Different types of parametric analysis have been done to show the better performance of absorption. Advanced Designed System (ADS) software has been used for equivalent circuit to verify the simulated S11 result obtained from the CST-2019 software. Experimental outcomes of the MAA unit cell have a good deal with the simulated result and measured result of the 24 × 20 array of unit cells also shown. Since the unit cell provides superior EMR, excellent Q-factor, and highest absorption so the recommended MAA can be effectively used as a penta band absorber in microwave applications, like notch filtering, sensing, reducing the unintended noise generated with the copper component of the satellite and radar antennas.