bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Hydrogenation on Structure and Superconducting Properties of FeTe0.65Se0.35 Single Crystals
Authors: Bondarenko S. I. , Prokhvatilov A. I. , Puzniak Roman , Pietosa Jaroslaw , Prokhorov A. A. , Meleshko V. V. , Timofeev V. P. , Koverya V. P. , Gawryluk D. J. , Wisniewski Andrzej 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Single crystals of FeTe0.65Se0.35, with the onset of critical temperature (Tc) at 14 K, were hydrogenated for 10–90 hours at various temperatures, ranging from 20 to 250 oC. It is shown that tetragonal matrix becomes unstable and crystal symmetry is reduced for the crystals hydrogenated already at 200 oC despite that molecular impurities do not change matrix symmetry, unless the material is not destroyed under hydrogenation at 250 oC. Bulk Tc, takenat the middle of the transition, equal to about 12–13 K for the as-grown FeTe0.65Se0.35, increases by 1–2 K. The critical current density determined in magnetic field range of 0–70 kOe increases 4–30 times as a result of hydrogenation at 200 oC for 10 h. Electron paramagnetic resonance studies confirmed higher value of the bulk Tc for hydrogenated crystals. Thermal diffusion of hydrogen leads to substantial structural changes, causes degeneration of crystal quality, and significantly affects superconducting properties. A strong correlation was observed between the structural changes and changes in the parameters of the superconducting state for the hydrogenated crystals.
Connexin 26 (GJB2) Gene Mutations Linked With Autosomal Recessive Nonsyndromic Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Iraqi Population
Authors: Al-janabi Anwar Madlool , Ahmmed Habeeb Shuhaib , Al-Khafaji Salih Mahdi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background:Deafness is a total or partial hearing loss that may appear at any ages with different degrees of severity. Approximately 50% of hearing loss have a genetic origin, among them, the nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness represents about 70% of the cases. From them 80% corresponding to autosomal recessive inheritance deafness. Objective: Autosomal recessive deafness was not been studied enough at molecular level in Iraq, so this study aimed to detect the prevalence of the three most common mutations of Connexin 26 (GJB2) gene in nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness for Iraqi population.Method: The current case-control study was conducted from January 2018 to January 2020 at molecular laboratory in Anatomy and Histology Department/ faculty of Medicine/ Kufa University/Najaf/ Iraq. The study was included 95 deaf patients (55 males and 40 females) their age range between 11-40 years old and 21.5 ± 6.3 year (mean ± SD) and 110 healthy control group, their ages range between 10-40 years old and 20.1 ± 5.9 year (mean ± SD), these two groups were matched in age and gender. In order to detect c.35delG, 235delC and 167delT mutations in GJB2 gene, we were employed the polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique.Results: From 95 deaf patients with ARNSHL who were participated in this study, the c.35delG was the main frequent mutation encountered with GJB2 gene, among them 35(36.8%) were homozygous, 40(42.1%) were heterozygous and 20 (21.1%) were wild genotypes. The second degree mutation in GJB2 gene was c.235delC mutation, which from the 95 deaf patients, there were 21 (22.1%) carried out homozygous, 33 (34.7%) heterozygous and 42(44.2%) wild genotypes. None of the 95 deaf patients were showed the c.167delT mutation, on the other hand these variants were not detected in healthy control group which was studied parallel with patients group.Conclusion: Our data conclude that the GJB2 c.35delG and c.235delC gene mutations were the main cause of ARNSHL in Iraqi deaf population.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Potential Carbamate Prodrugs of 5′-methylthioadenosine (MTA)*
Authors: Ranade Ashwini Sadanand , Bertino Joseph R , Hu Longqin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
5′-Methylthioadenosine (MTA) is a natural substrate of MTA phosphorylase (MTAP) and is converted to adenine via a salvage pathway for AMP production in normal healthy cells. The lack of MTAP expression in many solid tumors and hematologic malignancies compared to normal healthy cells has been explored in a potential therapeutic strategy to selectively target tumor cells using antimetabolites such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and 6-thioguanine (6-TG) while protecting normal healthy cells with MTA. Herein, a series of carbamate prodrugs, namely the N-(alkyloxy)carbonyl-MTA derivatives 2a-f, was designed, synthesized, and evaluated as potential prodrugs of MTA. All carbamate prodrugs were stable in phosphate buffer, pH 7.4 at 37 °C. In the presence of mouse liver microsomes, the prodrugs were converted to MTA at varying rates with the hexyl and butyl carbamates 2a and 2b most readily activated (t1/2 of 1.2 and 9.4 h, respectively). The activation was shown to be mediated by carboxyesterases present in mouse liver microsomes.
Multimodality Imaging for Optimal Device-size Selection During Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure in Thai Population
Authors: Montrivade Sakolwat , Lertsuwunseri Vorarit , Tumkosit Monravee , Srimahach Suphot 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Optimal device size selection is crucial for percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) closure. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is the standard imaging technique for LAA assessment, however there are discrepancies among different imaging modalities. We aimed to evaluate the agreement between device size and LAA size measured by three methods: multi-detector cardiac computed tomography (MDCT), TEE, and angiography. Methods: Patients who underwent percutaneous LAA closure at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital from 2012 to 2020 were included in this study. MDCT, TEE and angiography were reviewed. LAA ostial diameter, landing zone diameter and maximal depth from each imaging modality was measured and analyzed. Agreement between landing zone diameter and implanted device size was assessed.Results: We reported on 61 consecutive patients who underwent percutaneous LAA closure. The mean age of patients was 74.0 ± 8.4 years. The mean CHA2DS2 score, CHA2DS2-VASc score and HAS-BLED score were 2.8 ± 1.4, 4.6 ± 1.8 and 2.6 ± 1.0, respectively. Device implantation was successful in all patients (100%). Two different LAA closure devices were used: Watchman (n = 43, 70.5%) and Omega (n = 18, 29.5%). Maximum landing zone diameter measured by MDCT scan, TEE and angiography were 23.4 ± 3.9 mm, 22.2 ± 4.8 mm and 22.7 ± 3.5 mm, respectively. MDCT measurement was significantly larger than TEE measurement (p = 0.015) and closer to implanted device size compared with TEE and angiography. The difference between landing zone diameter measured by CT scan and device size was -1.65 ± 2.0 mm compared with -4.8 ± 4.6 mm for TEE and -4.3 ± 3.3 mm for angiography.Conclusion: MDCT sizing of LAA results in larger measurement than TEE. Routine implementation of MDCT sizing may improve procedural success with more accurate device size selection.
Modeling and Analysis of Nonlinear Axial Force Generated by Automotive Drive-shaft Systems Based on Fractal Theory
Authors: Feng Huayuan , Shangguan Wen-Bin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The nonlinear generated axial force (NGAF) of an automotive drive-shaft system is mainly induced by the tripod joint in the drive-shaft system, which will lead to vibration and noise of a vehicle. On the basis of fractal theory, this paper conducts modeling and analysis of the NGAF from the micro level to study the NGAF more effectively. In order to describe the micro contact and friction states between rollers and tracks inside the tripod joint more accurately, a correction method for correcting the distribution function of asperities between rollers and tracks is proposed. Based on the proposed correction method and a calculation model of the NGAF, a fractal model of the NGAF considering rough surface characteristics is established. The fractal model is mainly related to the fractal parameters, the material parameters, the operating conditions and the correction coefficient of the distribution function of asperities. Using Sobol' global sensitivity analysis method, the first order and overall global sensitivities of the fractal model of the NGAF are subsequently analyzed to determine the influence of the factors on the NGAF. The effectiveness of the fractal model and the analytical method for the NGAF is verified by the experiment and calculation examples. The results show that modeling and analysis of the NGAF considering rough surface characteristics are essential to reveal the relationships between the NGAF and the fractal parameters, the material parameters and the correction coefficient from the micro level, which is helpful for the design and analysis of the NGAF of the drive-shaft system.
The Effects of Different Music Genres on Heart Rate Variability in Extremely and Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Neonates: an Italian Randomized Pilot Study
Authors: Sgobbi Barbara , Bolis Maria Elena , Morlacchi Laura , Meessen Jennifer , Raglio Alfredo , Agosti Massimo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Music and music therapy, live or recorded, has been gradually introduced in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of our Hospital in addition to standard medical and nursing care, to improve premature neonates’ neurophysiological development. The present study focused on music genres, starting from the parents’ sound experience and musical tastes that neonates experienced during the pregnancy period. The study explored the effects of different music genres also on Extremely Low Birth Weight (ELBW) neonates since most studies refer to Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) neonates with birth weight > 1000 gr. The study aims to investigate the influence of different music genres on Heart Rate Variability (HRV) of preterm neonates.Methods: a prospective randomized study was conducted. Preterm neonates (gestational age <32 weeks, birth weight <1500g), were recruited. On the basis of birth order, they underwent a daily randomized music listening program (25 minutes, every day, for 3 days) based on different music genres listening (soft pop-rap, pop-rock and classical music), followed by 1 day of no music monitoring (25 minutes). An electrocardiogram was performed to evaluate HRV parameters in each neonate with and without music exposure.Results: twenty-seven (13 ELBW, birthweight <1000 g and 14 VLBW, birthweight 1000-1500 g) infants were included and HRV parameters were analysed. In the VLBW group no significant results were found between the music genres. In the ELBW group, during Soft Pop-Rap music listening, starting after 5 minutes High Frequency (HF) increase significantly (HF P =0.0096) and Low Frequency (LF) and LF/HF indices decrease significantly (LF P= 0.0096; LF/HF P=0.0068). The same trend was from 15 minutes of music listening high frequency (HF) increased and low frequency (LF) decreased (LF P=0.007; HF P= 0.007), Consequently LF/HF also decreased significantly (LF/HF P = 0.0093).Conclusion: A significant decrease in the activity of the sympathetic and a simultaneous increase of the parasympathetic nervous system were found in the ELBW group during Soft Pop-Rap music listening. Further studies with a larger sample size are needed to confirm these findings and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04049526 The Effects of different music genres on heart rate variability in extremely and very low birth weight new-borns.
DNA damage contributes to age-associated differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Jin Rui , Niu Chang , Wu Fengyun , Zhou Sixin , Han Tao , Zhang Zhe , Zhang Xiaona , Xu Shanrong , Zhang Jun , Li Xinyue , Wang Yinggui , Gao Ting , Yu Mengnan , Wang Ruiguan , Zhang Changjian , Li Jiangbo , Liu Qi , Zhao Haijing , Qin Lingmei , Li Yufang , Yang Peng , Tian Shen , Zhou Duoqi , Chen Wei , Ye Qinong , Cao Cheng , Cheng Long 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, is known to disproportionately affect older individuals. Age is the most important determinant of disease severity and mortality. How aging processes affect the disease progression remains largely unknown. Here we found that DNA damage, a common denominator and major cause of aging, promoted susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in cells and intestinal organoids. SARS-CoV-2 entry was facilitated by DNA damage caused by either telomere attrition or extrinsic genotoxic stress and hampered by inhibition of DNA damage response. Mechanistic analysis revealed that the DNA damage response increased expression of ACE2, the receptor of SARS-CoV-2, by activation of transcription factor c-Jun in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown of c-Jun significantly reduced cell susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. To explore the clinical clues of contribution of DNA damage in SARS-CoV-2 infection, we analyzed the expression of ACE2, γH2Ax and p-c-Jun in old and young human and mouse tissues. Expression of ACE2 was elevated in older human and mouse tissues and positively correlated with γH2Ax and p-c-Jun. Finally, targeting DNA damage by increasing the DNA repair capacity, alleviated cell susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Our data provide insight into the age-associated differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection and a novel target for anti-viral intervention.
Isolation, characterization and antibiotic susceptibility of staphylococcal isolates, with special reference to methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, from anterior nares of health care workers in a tertiary health care centre.
Authors: Chaurasia Mukul , Agrawal Neha , Chourasia Ankita , Bhatnagar Monica , Parihar Geeta , Rastogi Vijaylatha , Tak Amit 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) and its resistant form Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is one of the most common nosocomial pathogen, causing a wide range of infections in humans. The anterior nares are the main ecological niche for S.aureus. Nasal carriage of S. aureus acts as an important reservoir of infection among the colonized health care workers and they transmit the infection to the community. The aim of the present study is to estimate nasal colonization of S.aureus (with special reference to MRSA) in health care workers (doctors and nursing staff) and its antibiotic susceptibility pattern.Methods: A descriptive study was planned in the Department of Microbiology, JLN Medical College, Ajmer (Rajasthan, India) after due approval from institutional ethics committee. A total of 170 health care workers of either sex and ages between 18 to 60 years were screened for S.aureus. Identification was done using standard microbiological techniques, by studying their morphology, colony and biochemical characteristics. MRSA was detected by cefoxitin disc diffusion test, oxacillin disc diffusion test, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of oxacillin by E-test and oxacillin screen agar test. The observations were described in proportions and chi-squared test was used to find independence. Statistical significance was considered at 5%. Results: Among 170 samples, 159 (93.53%) samples (50 doctors and 109 nursing staff) had staphylococci colonization. Out of 159 isolates, 34(21.38%) isolates were S.aureus. Further, 8(5.03%) S. aureus isolates were resistant to both cefoxitin and oxacillin and had oxacillin MIC values ≥ 4 µg/ml and were considered MRSA. All the MRSA belonged to nursing staff [Males: 5.50% , Females :1.83%]. All S. aureus and MRSA isolates were found sensitive to linezolid. In addition, 0.63% MRSA was found vancomycin intermediate S. aureus (VISA) and all MRSA isolates were sensitive to mupirocin (minimum inhibitory concentration ≤ 4 µg/ml).Conclusion: Screening and treatment of health care workers colonized with MRSA should be an important component of hospital infection control policy. These measures will prevent spread of infection to patients and community and thereby reduce the morbidity, mortality and health care costs associated with nosocomial infections.
&nbsp;Assessment of The Effect of Pyridoxine Hydrochloride Supplementation on Anthropometric Measurements, Body Composition, Visceral Adiposity Index And Metabolic Status In Obese and Overweight Women&nbsp;
Authors: Haidari Fatemeh , Mohammadshahi Majid , Zarei Mehdi , Haghighizadeh Mohammad Hosein , Mirzaee Fatemeh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background and Objectives: Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally. Among several methods for treating obesity, the use of dietary supplements is common recently. One supplement that can help in this regard might be vitamin B6 in high doses.The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of pyridoxine hydrochloride supplementation on anthropometric measurements, body composition, visceral adiposity index and metabolic status in obese and overweight women.Methods and Study Design: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 44 obese and overweight women aged 18–50 years were selected and divided randomly into two groups: an intervention group (receiving 80 mg pyridoxine hydrochloride supplement for 8 weeks) and control group (receiving placebo for 8 weeks). Results: In the pyridoxine hydrochloride group, weight(p=0.01), body mass index(p=0.009), fat mass(p=0.003), waist circumference(p=0.005), visceral adiposity index(p=0.001), fasting insulin, Insulin Resistance(HOMA-IR), Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein(LDL), Triglycerides (TG) and leptin(p<0.001) decreased whereas adiponectin(p<0.001) increased in comparison to the baseline values. There was a significant difference in fat mass, visceral adiposity index, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR and TG between pyridoxine hydrochloride and control groups following intervention in adjusted models(p<0.05).Conclusions: The findings suggest that vitamin B6 supplementation may be effective in reducing BMI and improving body composition and biochemical factors associated with obesity.Trial registration: Iran Clinical Trials Registry: IRCT20181002041206N1. Registered on 31 October 2018, https://en.irct.ir/trial/34220.
The Efficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) for Young Individuals with High-Level Perceived Stress: Study Protocol for a Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial
Authors: Wu Jingsong , Han Mengyu , He Youze , Xie Xiaoting , Song Jian , Geng Xiujuan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: High level of perceived stress may result in negative effects both psychologically and physically on individuals, and may predispose onset of mental disorders such as depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder. However, there is no suitable intervention for it. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) studies have shown its therapeutic efficacy in treatment resistant patients with stress-related disorders. Here we describe an exploratory study protocol to investigate the effect of the intervention for the individuals with high level of stress.Method: This is a single blinded, randomized sham-controlled trial, targeting at young healthy adults aging from 18 to 24 years old. Forty eligible volunteers will be recruited and randomly divided into active and sham rTMS group. All subjects will take a set of neuropsychological and biological assessments and MRI scanning before and right after the intervention. During the interventional period, 12-session stimulations will be performed in four weeks with three sessions per week. The primary outcome will detect the difference of Chinese 14-item perceived stress scales between active and sham rTMS groups after intervention. Secondary outcomes will examine the differences of other affective measurements, level of cortisol, and MRI derived neural functional measures between the two groups after intervention.Discussion: This trial aims to examine the effect of the 12-session rTMS intervention on individuals with high level of perceived stress. Positive or negative findings from any of the outcome measures would further our understanding of the efficacy of the stimulation and its neural impact. If effective, it would provide an evidence for a new treatment for high perceived stress.Trial registration: This study is registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900027662) (http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=45660). Registered 23th November 2019.
Clinico-morphological Profile of Cutaneous Fungal Infections: An Experience from a Tertiary Care Government Hospital in North India
Authors: Jain Ekta , Punia Rajpal Singh , Chander Jagdish , Bhalla Mala 
Published: March 2021

Background: Cutaneous fungal infections are predominantly seen in hot tropical countries like India. In the past decade, there has been an escalation in recurrent and chronic fungal infections. Skin biopsy may play a critical role in rapid identification of these infections.
Methods: Fifteen cases of cutaneous fungal infections over a period of 6 years were included. Formalin-fixed tissue was subjected to hematoxylin and eosin and histochemical staining including Gomori Methanamine Silver and Periodic Acid Schiff . Results of KOH smear test and fungal culture were included wherever available. The clinico-morphological patterns in various cutaneous fungal infections was evaluated.
Results: Most patients were between 25 to 40 years of age and commonly presented as skin ulceration, followed by nodular swelling and multiple discharging sinuses. Candidiasis and Mycetoma infections were the commonest infections. Others included: Cryptococcosis, Dermatophytosis, Chromoblastomycosis and Mucormycosis. The predominant histopathologic patterns were perivascular and interstitial inflammation. Eleven cases were confirmed by KOH examination and culture.
Conclusion: The morphologic spectrum of cutaneous fungal infections is varied. Initial presentations of these fungal infections may be indicative of the onset of a life-threatening systemic mycoses. Thus, the histopathologic evaluation of skin tissue specimens is critical for their rapid and accurate diagnosis.
Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistocytosis in COVID-19
Authors: Jetty Stephanie Lilia Pushpam , Noronha Dotton Denis , Nayak Akshatha , Dsouza Altin 
Published: March 2021

We present case of a 53-year-old lady who is a known case of rheumatoid arthritis and hypertension in Karnataka, South India, who presented with Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) like symptoms (fever, cough and breathlessness) due to COVID-19. During the course of treatment further investigations revealed evidence of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistocytosis (HLH). This case emphasizes the need for a thorough workup to identify the etiology of HLH as it may unmask a treatable entity in a COVID-19 patient.
Cistotomía asistida por laparoscopia en un caballo de Paso Fino con cálculo vesical
Authors: Ossa Bernal Juan Felipe , Duque Betancurt Diego , Gallego Rodríguez Renso Sneider , Jaramillo Morales Camilo 
Published: March 2021

La urolitiasis es la presencia de concreciones minerales de los cristales de orina en las vías urinarias. En los equinos esta patología tiene una prevalencia baja (0,4% a 0,5%), su presentación se da en riñones y vejiga generalmente, siendo ésta última el sitio de mayor frecuencia. Los urolitos más reportados en caballos se encuentran compuestos por carbonato de calcio. El diagnóstico se realiza comúnmente relacionando los hallazgos del examen clínico junto con la ecografía. Para el tratamiento se realiza abordaje quirúrgico. Un equino macho castrado, criollo colombiano, de doce años y un peso de 350 kg fue remitido para interconsulta por la presentación histórica de dos meses de pigmenturia y disuria, a la palpación transrectal se encontró una estructura redonda y compacta de aproximadamente 7 cm de diámetro ubicada en la vejiga, lo cual fue confirmado mediante ecografía vesical y cistoscopia, a su vez, se realizó citología del sedimento urinario. El abordaje terapéutico se hizo mediante manejo médico y quirúrgico por la técnica de cistotomía asistida por laparoscopia. El objetivo de este artículo es describir el primer reporte de caso de un urolito y de una cistotomía asistida por laparoscopia en un Caballo Criollo Colombiano.