bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drip-and-Ship for Thrombectomy Treatment in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Leads to Inferior Clinical Outcomes in a Stroke Network Covering Vast Rural Areas Compared to Direct Admission to a Comprehensive Stroke Center
Authors: Taschner Christian A. , Trinks Alexandra , Bardutzky Jürgen , Brich Jochen , Hartmann Ralph , Urbach Horst , Niesen Wolf-Dirk 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Organizing regional stroke care considering thrombolysis as well as mechanical thrombectomy (MTE) remains challenging in light of a wide range of regional population distribution. To compare outcomes of patients in a stroke network covering vast rural areas in southwestern Germany who underwent MTE via direct admission to a single comprehensive stroke center [CSC; mothership (MS)] with those of patients transferred from primary stroke centers [PSCs; drip-and-ship (DS)], we undertook this analysis of consecutive stroke patients with MTE.Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent MTE at the CSC between January 2013 and December 2016 were included in the analysis. The primary outcome measure was 90-day functional independence [modified Rankin score (mRS) 0–2]. Secondary outcome measures included time from stroke onset to recanalization/end of MTE, angiographic outcomes, and mortality rates.Results: Three hundred and thirty-two consecutive patients were included (MS 222 and DS 110). Median age was 74 in both arms of the study, and there was no significant difference in baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores (median MS 15 vs. 16 DS). Intravenous (IV) thrombolysis (IVT) rates differed significantly (55% MS vs. 70% DS, p = 0.008). Time from stroke onset to recanalization/end of MTE was 112 min shorter in the MS group (median 230 vs. 342 min, p &lt; 0.001). Successful recanalization [thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) 2b-3] was achieved in 72% of patients in the MS group and 73% in the DS group. There was a significant difference in 90-day functional independence (37% MS vs. 24% DS, p = 0.017), whereas no significant differences were observed for mortality rates at 90 days (MS 22% vs. DS 17%, p = 0.306).Discussion: Our data suggest that patients who had an acute ischemic stroke admitted directly to a CSC may have better 90-day outcomes than those transferred secondarily for thrombectomy from a PSC.
Early Screening of Visual Processing Dysfunctions in Children Born Very or Extremely Preterm
Authors: Kooiker Marlou J. G. , van Gils Maud M. , van der Zee Ymie J. , Swarte Renate M. C. , Smit Liesbeth S. , Loudon Sjoukje , van der Steen Sanny , Reiss Irwin K. M. , Pel Johan J. M. , van der Steen Johannes 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Children with early brain damage or dysfunction are at risk of developing cerebral visual impairment (CVI), including visual processing dysfunctions (VPD), which currently remain largely undetected until school age. Our aim was to systematically screen for possible VPD in children born very or extremely preterm from 1 to 2 years corrected age (CA) and to evaluate the effectiveness of early referral.Method: We included N = 48 children born &lt; 30 weeks from 1 year CA. They underwent a two-step VPD screening based on (1) neurological signs indicative of visual brain damage evaluated by neonatologists and/or pediatric neurologist and (2) a functional assessment of visual orienting functions (VOF) with an eye tracking-based test. If at least one of these assessments was abnormal for their age, the children were classified as a risk of VPD and referred to undergo conventional visual diagnostics: ophthalmic exam and visual function assessment (VFA). At 2 years CA, VOF screening was repeated and neurodevelopment was assessed.Results: 18 children (38%) were classified as at risk of VPD at 1 year CA. 7 children had abnormal neurological signs, 5 children had abnormal VOF, and 6 children had both. Subsequent ophthalmic exams (N = 14) showed severe hypermetropia in 21% and strabismus in 14%. VFA (N = 10) showed abnormal visual function and behavior in only 1 child. At 2 years CA, the total group showed an increase in abnormal VOF. Whereas the children at risk showed some normalization, the group without VPD risk at 1 year CA showed deterioration of VOF. Neurodevelopmental outcome did not clearly differ between risk groups.Conclusion: Our findings show a substantial risk of VPD during visual screening (in 38%) at 1 year CA, but relatively few deficits on subsequent conventional ophthalmic exams and VFA. The data suggest that most conventional visual diagnostic methods at this young age are not related to the established VPD risks. VOF assessment should be used complimentary to these methods. The fact that at 2 years CA the number of children with a VPD risk based on abnormal VOF increased argues for more extensive and continuous screening in risk groups, at least until school age.
Catheter-Obtained Urine Culture Contamination Among Young Infants: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bahat Hilla , Apelman Cipele Revital , Maymon Tali , Youngster Ilan , Goldman Michael 
Published: November 2021

Objectives: A correct diagnosis of urinary tract infection in young infants requires an uncontaminated urine culture, commonly obtained by urethral catheterization. In the current study, we examined the rates and factors associated with contaminations of catheter-obtained urine cultures in very young infants.Methods: This prospective cohort study included 143 catheter-obtained urine cultures of infants ≤2 months of age admitted to the pediatric ward of a tertiary hospital in Israel from April 2019 to September 2020. Patient's and operator's study variables were documented at the time of catheter insertion. Positive urine cultures were reviewed by a pediatric nephrologist and a pediatric infectious disease specialist and designated as infection or contamination. The study variables were compared between those with or without contamination.Results: The contamination rate in our cohort was 29%. Females were more than twice as likely to have a contaminated urine culture (37 vs. 18%, respectively, P = 0.014). Circumcision status, official training about sterile catheterization, a sense of difficult catheterization, and the shift in which the culture was obtained did not influence the contamination rate.Conclusions: Catheter-obtained urine cultures have a high contamination rate among very young infants, especially among girls.
HIV Protease Inhibitors and Insulin Sensitivity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Kajogoo Violet Dismas , Gorret Atim Mary , Amare Demeke , Geleta Melka , Muchie Yilkal , Tesfahunei Hanna Amanuel , Olomi Willyhelmina , Acam Joan , Manyazewal Tsegahun 
Published: November 2021

Background: Protease inhibitors (PIs) are believed to affect insulin sensitivity. We aimed to analyze the effect of PIs on insulin sensitivity and the onset of diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients with HIV.Methodology: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, ClinicalTrals.gov, and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform till November 2020 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that studied the effects of PIs on insulin sensitivity and DM in patients with HIV. We followed the PRISMA and PICOS frameworks to develop the search strategy. We used the random-effects meta-analysis model to estimate the mean difference (MD), standardized mean difference (SMD), and risk ratios for our outcomes, using Stata 14 software.Results: We included nine RCTs that enrolled 1,000 participants, with their ages ranging from 18 to 69 years. The parameters and investigations used in the studies to determine insulin sensitivity were glucose disposal rates, hyperglycemia, and mean glucose uptake. The majority of results showed an association between PIs and insulin sensitivity. The pooled analysis showed no statistically significant difference in insulin sensitivity with atazanavir, whether the study was performed on healthy individuals for a short term or long term in combination with other drugs like tenofovir or emtricitabine [SMD = 0.375, 95% CI (0.035, 0.714)]. The analysis showed reduced glucose disposal rates and hence reduced insulin sensitivity with lopinavir (heterogeneity chi-squared = 0.68, I-squared [variation in SMD attributable to heterogeneity] = 0.0%, p = 0.031). The heterogeneity with chi-squared was substantial (61–80%), while with I-squared was not significant (0–40%), p = 0.031). Less adverse events were observed with atazanavir than with lopinavir [RR = 0.987, 95% CI (0.849, 1.124)]. Darunavir and indinavir did not demonstrate any significant changes in insulin sensitivity. Most of the studies were found to have a low risk of bias.Conclusions: There are significant variations in the effects of PIs on insulin sensitivity and onsets of DM. Atazanavir, fosamprenavir, and darunavir did not demonstrate any significant changes in insulin sensitivity, compared to the rest of the group. There is a need to assess the benefits of PIs against the long-term risk of impaired insulin sensitivity. All patients newly diagnosed with HIV should have DM investigations before the start of ARVs and routinely. RCTs should focus on sub-Saharan Africa as the region is worst affected by HIV, but limited studies have been documented.
Risk of Adverse Events After Anti-TNF Treatment for Inflammatory Rheumatological Disease. A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Ju , Zhang Zhongyuan , Wu Xinhua , Zhou Jie , Meng Deqian , Zhu Ping 
Published: November 2021

Background: Adalimumab, golimumab, infliximab, certolizumab, and etanercept are five anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) medicines that have been approved for use in rheumatology. Apart from their well-established therapeutic usefulness, -it is unclear to what extent -they are linked to an increased risk of various side effects. The present meta-analysis was carried out to assess the risk of infection and other side effects after anti-TNF- α for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis.Methods: We searched PubMed, Cinahl (via Ebsco), Scopus, and Web of Sciences databases for trials comparing anti-TNF medications to placebo or no therapy in adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, or ankylosing spondylitis from August 2006 to August 2020. A total of 23 articles were used for meta-analysis. The Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. In addition, a random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled odds ratio, and Forest plots were constructed to determine the risk of infections and cancer following the use of anti-TNF treatment.Results: Treatment with anti-TNFα agents resulted in an increase in the risk of serious infections (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.56–1.90, p &lt; 0.00001) and an increase in cancer risk (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.20–1.53, p &lt; 0.00001) whereas the risk of developing tuberculosis was not significantly different with anti-TNFα agents versus those without treatment with anti-TNFα agents (OR: 2.55, 95% CI: 0.40–16.23, p = 0.32) although the number of studies is limited to make a definitive conclusion. The risk of bias of the included studies was unclear to high across most domains, and there was evidence of publication bias for most outcomes.Conclusion: The present meta-analysis suggests an increased risk of infectious adverse events, including overall adverse events and cancer following anti-TNFα treatment, whereas the risk of tuberculosis was not significantly different. Although anti-TNF agents have shown promise to treat inflammatory conditions, their use should be balanced by the risk-benefit ratio as suggested by the meta-analysis.
PENGARUH PUPUK LIMBAH CAIR TAHU TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Mardhiana Mardhiana , Murtilaksono Aditya , Simon Heirin 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTThe corn plant is one of the most cultivated commodities in Tarakan City, North Kalimantan Province. The low nutrient content in Tarakan is a major obstacle in corn cultivation. The application of organic fertilizers adds nutrients to the soil thereby increasing the yield of maize crops. This study aims to determine the effect of organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of maize. The research was conducted at the garden of St. Eugenius (the area around the University of Borneo Tarakan). The study design was a single factor randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were P0 (Control), P1 (basic fertilizer), P2 (300 ml tofu waste), P3 (600 ml tofu waste), P4 (300 ml tofu waste + basic fertilizer) and P5 (600 ml tofu waste + basic fertilizer) . The treatment parameters were plant height, number of leaves, ear weight, ear number, plant wet weight, and plant dry weight. Data analysis using analysis of variance (ANOVA). If there is an effect of treatment, then it is continued by using the DMRT test with alpha level of 5%. The results showed that the treatment of 600 ml of tofu waste + basic fertilizer on all parameters of corn plant observation, namely the parameters of plant height, number of leaves, weight of cobs, number of cobs, plant wet weight and plant dry weight gave the best effect of other treatments. Keywords: Corn, Tofu liquid waste, Organic fertilizer, Growth, Yeild ABSTRAKTanaman jagung merupakan salah satu komoditas yang banyak dibudidayakan di Kota Tarakan Provinsi Kalimantan Utara. Rendahnya kandungan unsur hara yang terdapat di Tarakan menjadi kendala utama dalam budidaya jagung. Pemberian pupuk organik menambah unsur hara pada tanah sehingga meningkatkan hasil panen tanaman jagung. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pupuk organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun st.Eugenius (kawasan sekitar Universitas Borneo Tarakan). Rancangan penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok faktor tunggal dengan empat ulangan. Perlakuannya yaitu P0 (Kontrol), P1 (Pupuk dasar), P2 (300 ml limbah tahu), P3(600 ml limbah tahu), P4 (300 ml limbah tahu + pupuk dasar) dan P5 (600 ml limbah tahu + pupuk dasar). Parameter perlakuan yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat tongkol, jumlah tongkol, berat basah tanaman, dan berat kering tanaman. Analisis Data menggunakan analisis varian (ANOVA). Jika terdapat pengaruh perlakuan, maka dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan uji DMRT taraf alpha 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Perlakuan 600 ml limbah tahu + pupuk dasar pada seluruh parameter pengamatan tanaman jagung yaitu parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, berat tongkol, jumlah tongkol, berat basah tanaman dan berat kering tanaman memberikan pengaruh yang terbaik dari perlakuan lainnya. Kata Kunci: Jagung, Limbah cair tahu, Pupuk organik, Pertumbuhan, Hasil
Analisis Faktor Yang Berhubungan Pada Pasien Rawat Jalan Dalam Mematuhi Protokol Kesehatan Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Penularan Covid 19 Di Klinik Kosasih Kota Bandar Lampung
Authors: Agustin Rizky Tri , Rahayu Dewi , Listina Febria 
Published: November 2021

Berbagai kebijakan dilakukan oleh pemerintah untuk mengendalikan laju kasus Covid 19, salah satunya melalui penerapan protokol kesehatan. Namun, kepatuhan masyarakat terhadap protocol kesehatan masih kurang. Data Badan Pusat Statistik Lampung menunjukkan 55% masyarakat dinyatakan tidak mematuhi protokol kesehatan dan masuk dalam kategori rendah, hasil kegiatan operasi yustisi sampai dengan September 2020 juga menunjukkan hal yang serupa, ditemukan 232.140 pelanggaran protokol kesehatan se-Lampung. Kurangnya kepatuhan terhadap protocol kesehatan juga terjadi pada lingkungan Klinik Kosasih Bandar Lampung. Penelitian dilakukan untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi pasien rawat jalan dalam mematuhi protokol kesehatan covid 19 di Klinik Kosasih.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakkan metode survei analitik serta desain penelitian cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 207 orang. Penelitian dilakukan pada tujuh titik Klinik Kosasih Kota Bandar Lampung. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner dan lembar checklist. Analisa data dilakukan dengan cara analisis univariat, analisis bivariat, dan analisis multivariat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa factor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan pasien rawat jalan terdapat protocol kesehatan meliputi tingkat pengetahuan (OR = 80.729), peran keluarga (OR = 47.532), peran petugas kesehatan (OR = 21.379), serta ketersediaan sarana dan protokol kesehatan (OR = 11.074). Variabel tingkat pengetahuan (. OR = 99.677) merupakan variabel paling dominan berhubungan dengan kepatuhan pasien rawat jalan dalam mengikuti protocol kesehatan di Klinik Kosasih Kota Bandar Lampung dalam rangka upaya pencegahan penularan Covid-19 adalah variabel tingkat pengetahuan.
Scintillation and dosimetric properties of LiF/CaF2:Dy eutectic composite
Authors: Kawaguchi Noriaki , Kimura Hiromi , Nakauchi Daisuke , Kato Takumi , Yanagida Takayuki 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Scintillation and dosimetric properties of a LiF/CaF2:Dy eutectic composite have been studied. In the X-ray induced emission spectrum and decay curve, we observed luminescence due to self-trapped exciton of CaF2 and 4f–4f transitions of Dy3+ ions. The LiF/CaF2:Dy eutectic composite showed the light yield of 3000 photons/neutron as a neutron scintillator. The LiF/CaF2:Dy eutectic composite showed the measurable range from 1 mGy to 10 Gy as a thermoluminescence dosimetric material. The LiF/CaF2:Dy eutectic composite can act as a dual functional material for neutron detection and X-ray dosimetry.
Perspectives on functional nitrogen science and plasma-based in situ functionalization
Authors: Ishikawa Kenji 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) generated by controlled electron impacts in conjunction with the use of dinitrogen can react with oxygen and/or hydrogen to generate highly reactive compounds. The related field of functional nitrogen science provides new opportunities for nitrogen utilization based on non-equilibrium plasma processing. This revolutionary technique permits plasma-based nitrogen fixation at the locations at which materials such as dopants and fertilizers are required. This system, based on the in situ generation of RNS at the point of use, is expected to replace conventional processes involving nitrogen cycles employing ammonia and nitric acid. Optimization of this new approach will require nitrogen doping to be tuned by atomic-scale localization of nitrogen. This review discusses the applications of functional nitrogen and the processes by which functionalization in both inorganic materials and living organisms can occur when using RNS.
Asymmetric acoustic retroflection with a non-Hermitian metasurface mirror
Authors: Ju Fangfang , Zou Xiao , Qian Sheng-You , Liu Xiaojun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We proposed and designed a non-Hermitian metasurface mirror consisting of two-layers acoustic labyrinthine metamaterials with a full phase control and inherent loss. It yields strongly asymmetric acoustic retroflection (>35 dB) for two opposite incident angles: free retroflection for positive incidence (PI) and strong absorption for negative incidence (NI). It is due to the different diffraction orders related to the period grating for two opposite incident angles: the value of 0 (without multiple reflections) for PI and the value of 2 (with multiple reflections) for NI. Our design may have prospective applications in acoustic sensing, acoustic antennas and noise control.
[The Religiosity of Muslim Who Participates in Tauhidic Science Education] Religiositi Bagi Murid Muslim Aliran Sains Yang Mengikuti Pendidikan Sains Secara Tauhidik
Authors: Mustafa Zainun , Yakob Nooraida 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This article discusses the findings of a study that measures the level of religiosity of students who participated in a tauhidic science education program for six months. The study aims to gauge the worldview and personality of students after being exposed with science education interdisciplinary with Islamic religious education. This study employs the set of Muslim Religiosity Personality Index (MRPI). Based on the findings of this study, this group of students has a moderate level of Islamic Worldview, but high Religious Personality. The findings of this study provide information about the religious experience among students based on the program in which they have enrolled.
Keywords: Religiosity, MRPI, worldview, personality, Islamic Science

Abstrak
Artikel ini membincangkan dapatan kajian yang mengukur tahap religiositi murid yang mengikuti program pendidikan Sains secara tauhidik selama enam bulan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk memahami tahap pandangan hidup dan personaliti murid yang mengikuti pendidikan Sains secara inter disiplin dengan pendidikan agama Islam. Kajian ini menggunakan set Muslim Religiosity Personality Index (MRPI). Berdasarkan dapatan kajian, kumpulan murid ini mempunyai tahap Islamic Worldview yang sederhana, namun Religious Personality yang tinggi. Dapatan kajian ini memberikan maklumat tentang pengalaman beragama dalam kalangan murid dan berkenaan program yang telah dijalankan.
Kata Kunci: Religiositi, MRPI, pandangan hidup, Personaliti, Sains Islam
Application of Steam Enhanced Extraction Method on BTEX Contaminated Soil in A Nigerian Petroleum Depot and Automobile Workshop Sites in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Muhibbu-din Ismail , Isaac Ayodele Isaac 
Published: November 2021

The contamination of soil in the environment is a natural consequence of industrialization and urbanization. Organic chemical pollutants dissolve into groundwater, absorb and adsorb into soil grains. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) are major causes of contaminated soil. This is due to fuel leakages or spillages, various forms of hydrocarbon burning/combustion and land disposal petroleum base oil. Contaminated soil samples were excavated from two different locations within the Ilorin metropolis; pipelines and products marketing company, a Nigerian petroleum depot, Ilorin depot and auto mechanic workshop of over ten years. Steam enhanced extraction method was employed through injection of steam to contaminated soil from steam generator into soil pot where contaminated soil was placed. The condensation of steam on soil particles provides energy to release desorbed contaminants molecules from the soil and the mobilized contaminants vapor was transferred into the recovery pot via the pipe that was connected to the soil pot. After the remediation process, the steamed soil samples were taken to the laboratory where the sonication extraction technique was used to extract the contaminants (BTEX) from the steamed soil samples of 30, 60 and 90 minutes respectively. The extract from the steamed soil samples of 30, 60 and 90 minutes was subjected to Gas Chromatography fitted with flame ionization detector analysis to determine the exact amount of BTEX removed after the remediation process. Pre-treated soil sample of auto mechanics workshop was found to be 4.5004 x 10-1 mg/kg and post-treated soil samples were found to be 1.8164 x10-1 mg/kg, 8.7519 x10-1 mg/kg and 5.7006 x10-2 mg/kg for 30, 60 and 90 minutes respectively after remediation process while Pre-treated soil sample of a Nigerian petroleum depot was found to be 6.6049 x 10-1 mg/kg and post-treated soil samples were found to be 2.9320 x10-1 mg/kg, 1.9855 x10-1 mg/kg and 1.0237 x10-1 mg/kg for 30, 60 and 90 minutes respectively after the remediation process. This study established the effectiveness of the remediation process of hydrocarbon contaminated soil using steam enhanced extraction method an In situ remediation technique.