bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Farnesoid X Receptor Rescues Fat Depression Induced by Dietary Berberine in Grass Carp, Ctenopharyngodon Idella
Authors: Tian Jingjing , Jin Yaqi , YU Ermeng , Sun Jinhui , Xia Yun , Zhang Kai , Li Zhifei , Gong Wangbao , Wang Guangjun , Xie Jun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Berberine (BBR) depresses lipid accumulation in fish, but the mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we hypothesize FXR signaling participates in this physiological process of grass carp. Three diets, namely the control, BBR (1.0 g/kg), and BBR + Gly-β-MCA (an FXR inhibitor) were formulated to feed juvenile grass carp (9.90 ± 0.07) for 8 weeks. Fish fed BBR presented significantly lower IPF index, hepatic TG and TC contents, as well as whole body lipid levels, whereas these were rescued by Gly-β-MCA. Serum TG and HDL-c contents were significantly decreased in fish fed BBR compared to those in the control. The serum ALT activity, combined with the TG, TC, HDL-c, and LDL-c concentrations were all significantly increased in fish fed BBR + Gly-β-MCA than those fed BBR. Dietary BBR significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of FXR, decreased the mRNA level of FGF19 in the intestine, whereas these were reversed by Gly-β-MCA. In the hepatopancreas, the inhibitor recovered the suppression of the CYP7A1, CYP8B1, and CYP27A1 expression induced by dietary BBR. Fish fed BBR showed significantly lower mRNA expression of SREBP-1c and FAS, whereas these two genes were all up-regulated in response to inhibitor. Dietary BBR increased the gene expression of PPARα, ATGL, CPT-1, which were all abolished by dietary Gly-β-MCA treatment. Fish fed BBR and BBR + Gly-β-MCA showed significantly lower total OTUs, ACE index, chao 1 index, and simpson index of the gut microbiota. Overall, our results demonstrate that inhibition of FXR leads to the rescue of lipid suppression induced by dietary BBR in grass carp.
Reaction-induced Ni-based interstitial carbon atoms for coke-free dry reforming of methane
Authors: Wang Qianqian , Wang Wu , Li Sha , Cao Min , Wang Pengfei , He Jiaqing , Yan Xiaoliang , Li Ruifeng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Dry reforming of methane on Ni-based catalyst offers an environmentally and economically viable and pivotal route to produce synthesis gas. The accumulation and polymerization of carbon atoms on the surface of Ni eventually deactivate the catalyst because of coke deposition. Here, we establish a reaction-induced method to isolate carbon atoms into the interstitial position of nickel octahedral sites (O-sites) under reaction condition, which can avoid the C−C bond formation. Al2O3 encapsulated Ni3Zn provides expanded space volume of O-sites in nickel to accommodate carbon atoms, and the further transformation to Ni3ZnC0.7 with superstructure feature was achieved under CH4/CO2 reaction. Ni3ZnC0.7/Al2O3 exhibits excellent activity and stability below 600°C with variable CH4/CO2 ratio (1/4−2/1). These active carbon atoms can be replenished and cycled in Ni3ZnC0.7 interior structure rather than depositing as coke on the surface during the reaction as revealed by in situ experiments.
Enhancing The Hemispherical Solar Distiller Performance Using Internal Reflectors And El Oued Sand Grains As Energy Storage Mediums
Authors: Attia Mohammed El Hadi , Kabeel Abd Elnaby , Abdelgaied Mohamed , Shmouty Ahmed Refat 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The current comprehensive work deals with different solutions, all of which aim to overcome the problem of low productivity of drinking water from solar distillers. Experimental work was carried out on hemispherical distillers which are characterized by a large area of receiving and condensation. This study presented the results of two experimental scenarios to illustrate the influences of internal reflective on hemispherical distiller’s performance in the first scenario. In the second scenario, the influences of internal reflective with El-Oued sand grains as the energy store medium on hemispherical distiller performances was studied. Two experimental scenarios aim to achieve the best configurations that achieve a highest hemispherical distillers performances. To achieves this goal, we designed and fabricated the three hemispherical distillers, the first distiller represents the reference case (Conventional Hemispherical Solar Still - CHSS), the second is the Hemispherical Solar Still with Internal Reflective Mirrors and El-Oued sand grains (HSS-IRM & SG), and a third is the Hemispherical Solar Still with Internal Reflective Aluminum Foil and El-Oued sand grains (HSS-IRAF & SG). The results presented that the cumulative production of reference distiller (CHSS) up to 4750 mL/m2, while use of internal reflective mirrors and El-Oued sand grains (HSS-IRM & SG) increases the production to 9400 mL/m2 day. The maximum improvement in cumulative distillate production, exergy efficiency, and thermal efficiency was recorded for utilization of internal reflective mirrors and El-Oued sand grains (HSS-IRM & SG) which reached 98, 200.9, and 96%, respectively, compared to reference case (CHSS).
Neurodevelopmental Disorder With Microcephaly, Hypotonia, And Variable Brain Anomalies In A Consanguineous Iranian Family Is Associated With A Novel Homozygous Start Loss Variant In The PRUNE1 Gene
Authors: Gholizadeh Mehdi Agha , Mohammadi-Sarband Mina , Fardanesh Fatemeh , Garshasbi Masoud 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Homozygous or compound heterozygous PRUNE1 mutations cause a neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, hypotonia, and variable brain malformations (NMIHBA) (OMIM #617481). The PRUNE1 gene encodes a member of the phosphoesterase (DHH) protein superfamily that is involved in the regulation of cell migration. To date, most of the described mutations in the PRUNE1 gene are clustered in DHH domain. Methods: We subjected 4 members (two affected and two healthy) of a consanguineous Iranian family in the study. The proband underwent whole-exome sequencing and a novel identified variant was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Co-segregation of the detected variant with the disease in family was confirmed.Results: By whole-exome sequencing, we identified the first start loss variant, NM_021222.3:c.3G>A; p.(Met1?), in the PRUNE1 in two patients of a consanguineous Iranian family with spastic quadriplegic cerebral palsy (CP), hypotonia, developmental regression, and cerebellar atrophy. Sanger sequencing confirmed the segregation of the variant with the disease in the family. Protein structure analysis also revealed that the variant probably leads to the deletion of DHH (Asp-His-His) domain, the active site of the protein, and loss of PRUNE1 function. Conclusion: We identified a novel start loss variant, NM_021222.3:c.3G>A; p.(Met1?) in the PRUNE1 gene in two affected members as a possible cause of NMIHBA in an Iranian family. We believe that the study adds a new pathogenic variant in spectrum of mutations in the PRUNE1 gene as a cause of PRUNE1-related syndrome.
Effectiveness of Intensive Perioperative Nutrition Therapy Among Adults Undergoing Gastrointestinal And Oncological Surgery In Public Hospital: Study Protocol For A Pragmatic Randomised Control Trial.
Authors: A’zim A’ishah Zafirah Abdul , Zaid Zalina Abu , Yusof Barakatun Nisak Mohd , Jabar Mohd Faisal , Shahar Aainaa Syarfa Mohd 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Perioperative malnutrition is common in patients undergoing gastrointestinal-oncology surgical and associated with longer hospital stays, increased post-operative complications, poorer quality of life and lower survival rate. Current practice emphasises the roles of early perioperative nutrition therapy as early intervention in order to combat the post-operative complications of patients and the implementation is now widely adopted. The aim of the study is to determine the effects of intensive perioperative nutrition therapy to overcome the post-operative complications in adult patients undergoing gastrointestinal and oncological surgery. Methods: This is a pragmatic randomised control trial study where elective admitted patients will be randomised into Intervention (SS) or Control (NN) Group. All data will be collected during a face to face interview, anthropometric measurement, blood sampling (albumin, white blood count, haemoglobin and c-reactive protein), handgrip strength and post-operative complications. Group SS will be receiving a tailored lifestyle and intensively supplemented with oral nutrition support as compared with Group NN that receive standard medical care. The primary outcomes are length of stay in hospital, bowel function and solid food toleration. Additional outcome measures are changes in biochemical profile, nutritional and functional status. The effects of intervention between groups towards outcome parameters will be analyse by using the SPSS General Linear Model (GLM) for repeated measure procedure.Discussion: The intervention implemented in this study will serve as a baseline data in providing an appropriate nutritional management in patients undergoing gastrointestinal and oncological surgery. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Registration and Results System (PRS), NCT04347772. Registered 20 November 2019, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
Correlates of Screen-Based Behaviors Among 88,509 Adults: Observations from the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey
Authors: Silva Danilo R , Collings Paul , Araujo Raphael H O , Barboza Luciana L , Szwarcwald Célia L , Werneck André O 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We aimed to investigate correlates of TV viewing and other types of screen-based behaviors in a nationally representative sample of Brazilian adults. In the 2019 Brazilian National Health Survey (including 88,509 adults), TV viewing time and other types of screen behaviors (computer, tablet, and cellphone use) were self-reported and numerous geographical, sociodemographic, behavioral, and health status factors were investigated as potential correlates. Multinomial logistic regression models were used for the main analyses. Living in capital cities, urban areas, being unemployed, high consumption of soft drinks, obesity, and elevated depressive symptoms were each associated with more TV viewing and more time using other types of screens. There were differential associations between TV viewing and the use of other types of screen across age and socioeconomic variables. For instance, younger adults have a more diverse portfolio of screen time than older adults. To conclude, levels of screen-based behaviors vary by geographical, sociodemographic, behavioral, and health status characteristics. Interventions should focus on high-risk population groups and may benefit from targeting specific sedentary behaviors of interest.
Synergistic Impacts of Climate Change and Human Activities on Spatiotemporal Organic Nitrogen Burial Variation in a Plateau Lake in Southwest China
Authors: Huang Tao , Luo Yang , Jiang Quanliang , Zhang Zhigang , Yang Hao , Huang Changchun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The concentration and sources of organic nitrogen (ON) in lake sediment significantly affect the lake nitrogen cycle. However, the influencing factors and contributors to the ON accumulation rate (ONAR) are unclear. In this study, tree sediment cores from northern, eastern, and southern Dianchi Lake (DC-N, DC-E, and DC-S, respectively), sampled in July 2014, were used to study the effects of autochthonous and allochthonous sources on ON. The results showed that ON and the ONAR increased 2.4–5.1 and 2.6–4.8 times, respectively, from1900 to2000, especially since the 1980s, at which point algal blooms occurred more frequently. The ON contents decreased in the order: DC-S > DC-N > DC-E, whereas the ONAR values followed the order: DC-N > DC-S > DC-E, suggesting that the ONAR was influenced by ON content as well as depositional environmental conditions. The total concentrations of n-alkanes (n-C12 to n-C34) ranged from 4719.4 ng g− 1 to 61,959.6 ng g− 1 in the three sediment cores, each of which exhibited different n-alkanes characteristic variation with vertical depth. The sources of ON were mainly allochthonous (soil erosion and terrestrial plants) and autochthonous (algal and aquatic plants) in DC-S and DC-N, respectively, whereas they were primarily mixed planktonic and terrestrial sources in DC-E. Using the stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology model to further examine the ONAR values revealed that 1% increase in temperature and nitrogen fertilizer can increase the ONAR by 73.8–86.2% and 73.2–151.3% in all sediments, especially in DC-S and DC-E. However, a 1% increase in construction area could reduce the ONAR by 2.4–14.2%, especially in DC-N. Overall, climate change and human activities determine the spatial and temporal ONAR variation in Dianchi Lake.
Reactive Nitrogen Releases And Nitrogen Footprint During The Life-Cycles of Intensive Vegetable Production Affected By Human Feces Slurry Substitution
Authors: Bo Yang , Tao Zhang , Man Zhang , Li Bo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Evaluating the sustainability of vegetable production is crucial to secure future food supply. A two-year field study of four different vegetable crops was performed to investigate the effects of inorganic fertilizer and human feces slurry at different ratios on vegetable yields, reactive gaseous nitrogen emissions (GNrEs), reactive nitrogen (Nr) footprint and net ecosystem-economic income (NEEI) by using life-cycle analysis. Four fertilization strategies were studied, including: CK (no fertilization); CF (inorganic fertilization); CHF1 (human feces slurry/inorganic fertilizer, N ratio=1:7); and CHF2 (human slurry/inorganic fertilizer, N ratio=1:3). Results showed that compared with CF treatment, both CHF1 and CHF2 treatments increased the N2O+NO emissions by 11.8 % and 32.4 % on average, while decreased the vegetable yields by 6.7 % and 7.4 %, respectively. Moreover, the addition of human feces slurry increased the proportions of Nr footprint by 6.6 % (CHF1) and 2.9 % (CHF2) in comparison with CF treatment group. However, although CHF2 treatment significantly increased the values of GNrEs and reactive gaseous nitrogen intensity (GNrI) by 8.4 % and 12.5 %, respectively, in relation to those in CF treatment group, it still increased farmers’ income by 16,404 CNY ha−1. These findings suggest that although human feces slurry incorporation could not mitigate Nr releases, the appropriate ratio of inorganic fertilizer and human feces slurry (CHF2) is able to improve net economic income (NEI) and NEEI during intensive vegetable production. Nevertheless, the relationship between combinatorial treatment of inorganic fertilizer and human feces slurry and mitigation of Nr release should be explored further.
Cancer Caregiver Quality of Life: Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rohilla Kusum K , Kalyani C Vasantha , Gupta Amit , Gupta Sweety , Gupta Manoj , Matella Nirmal 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
People living with cancer benefit greatly from informal caregivers. There has never been a previous meta-analysis on the quality of life of cancer caregivers or the efficacy of caregiver intervention programmes. The goal of this meta-analysis was to look at the quality of life of cancer caregivers and the impact of various initiatives aimed at improving it. From January 2006 to April 2021, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, PubMed Central, Clinical Key, Google Scholar and Cochrane database. The effect of caregiver interventional programs on quality of life was evaluated using a mean difference between experimental and control groups. A random-effect model was used to measure the risk ratio (RR) for calculating the quality of life of cancer caregivers. The final report comprised eight trials with a total of 1142 participants. The caregiver intervention programme was found to improve the quality of life of cancer caregivers, but not statistically significantly (mean difference=0.10; p<0.00001). A caregiver interventional program had a positive effect on the quality of life of cancer caregivers, according to this meta-analysis. To prove that caregiver interventional programs are successful strategies for improving the quality of life of cancer caregivers, further randomised controlled trials are required.
The Relationship Between Quality of Sleep, Stress And Coping Among First Year Female Students of University of Colombo
Authors: Thakshila Yamange Sanduni , Suraweera Chathurie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Sufficient and restorative sleep is important to mental and physical wellbeing. The university education as an undergraduate is stressful and can have detrimental effects on the mental state of the students leading to poor sleep quality and stress, requiring use of coping strategies. This study is aimed to identify the prevalence and the correlation between sleep quality, stress and coping among university students.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in a University in Sri Lanka among 200 participants from five selected faculties. A self-administered questionnaire, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Depression Stress Anxiety Scale-21(DASS 21) and brief COPE inventory was administered using consecutive random sampling to the participants. The results were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 with one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlations.Results: 82.5% (n= 165) of subjects reported poor sleep quality. There was a positive strong correlation between sleep quality and stress (r=0.526, p=0.000). Among the poor sleepers, 57.6% (n= 95) were stressed. The stress was positively correlated with self-blame, planning, denial and emotional support in the COPE inventory. The correlation with quality of sleep with coping strategies was statistically significant. The highest mean of global PSQI score (10.33± 4.202) was observed among students from Law faculty with 95% experienced poor sleep quality. The highest correlation between sleep quality and stress among students from medical faculty (r= 0.614**, p= 0.000) while the highest percentage of students, 61.9% were stressed. Conclusions: The majority of university undergraduates were affected with poor quality of sleep and stress. The students use various coping strategies to cope with stress. There was a strong relationship between sleep quality, stress and coping. The sleep quality depended on stress as well coping strategies effected on sleep quality. This study highlights the importance of focused interventions on quality of sleep, stress and coping among university students.
Docosahexaenoic Acid Lessens Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Inflammation via the AMP-Activated Protein Kinase and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling Pathway in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon Idella)
Authors: Huang Xiaocheng , Sun Jian , Bian Chenchen , Ji Shanghong , ji Hong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The liver is the primary organ for frontline immune defense and lipid metabolism. Excessive lipid accumulation in the liver severely affects its metabolic homeostasis and causes metabolic diseases. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is known for its beneficial effects on lipid metabolism and anti-inflammation, but its molecular mechanism remains unknown, especially in fish. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects of DHA on hepatic steatosis of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) in vivo and in vitro and mainly focused on lipogenesis and inflammation. Grass carp were fed with purified diets supplemented with 0%, 0.5% and 1% DHA for 8 weeks in vivo. Hepatocytes were treated with palmitic acid (PA) (200 μM) with or without DHA (50 or 100 μM) for 24 h in vitro. In addition, Compound C (CC, the inhibitor of AMP-activated protein kinase) was used to examine the mechanism of DHA on hepatic steatosis in vitro.Results: In this study, 1% DHA significantly decreased the liver triglyceride (TG), malondialdehyde (MDA), serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) contents. DHA (100 μM) effectively attenuated PA-induced lipid accumulation (P<0.05). Furthermore, DHA significantly inhibited endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and stimulated the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its downstream factors related to hepatic inflammation and lipogenesis in vivo and in vitro. However, the effects of DHA could be abrogated by CC in vitro.Conclusions: DHA exerted a protective effect on hepatic steatosis by inhibiting ER stress, improving antioxidant ability, relieving hepatic inflammation and inhibiting hepatic lipogenesis in an AMPK-dependent manner. Our findings give a theoretical foundation for further elucidation of the beneficial role of DHA in vertebrates.
Apparent Digestibility and Ingestive Behavior of Nellore Bulls With Low and High Residual Feed Intake
Authors: Menezes Rayanne Galdino , Fernandes Juliano José de Resende , Calaca Alana , Arnhold Emmanuel , Fernandes Marcia Helena Machado da Rocha , Couto Victor Rezende Moreira 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between ingestive behaviour, apparent digestibility and residual feed intake (RFI) of finishing Nellore bulls fed a high concentrate diet. One hundred and twenty Nellore bulls, housed in individual pens, were evaluated in individual performance tests. The animals were fed a high concentrate diet (23:77roughage/concentrate ratio). The animals were classified as: low RFI, medium RFI, and high RFI. Data from ten animals from each group was used. Faecal production and nutrient digestibility were calculated using indigestible neutral detergent fiber as an internal marker. The feeding behaviour was evaluated over twenty-four hours by direct observation every five minutes. The most efficient animals (low RFI, 8.58 kg DM/day) consumed 27.62% less feed than the least efficient animals (high RFI, 10.95 kg DM/day). Animals with medium efficiency (mean RFI, 9.49 kg DM/day) consumed 15.39% less than high RFI. Nutrient digestibility coefficients were similar except for ether extract (P<0.03) which was 8% greater for the high-RFI animals. No effect was observed for ingestive behaviour (P>0.05). Animals spent, on average, three hours twenty-eight minutes feeding, seven hours thirty-two minutes ruminating and thirteen hours forty minutes in idle time. In the present study, ingestive behaviour and dry matter digestibility were not responsible for between-animal variation in residual feed intake in Nellore bulls fed a high concentrate diet.