bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body size affects the vertical movement of benthic amphipods through subsurface sediments in response to drying
Authors: Patel C. , Vadher A. N. , Mathers K. L. , Dwyer C. , Wood P. J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to experimentally examine how riverbed drying and different rates of water level reduction influenced the vertical movement of amphipods of various sizes into different subsurface sediment compositions. Using sediment columns (mesocosms) filled with different sized transparent substrates, we explored how varying speeds of drawdown affected vertical movement and stranding of individuals. We hypothesised that: (1) larger individuals would be less able to migrate within subsurface sediments compared to smaller ones; (2) smaller sediment particles would lead to more individuals becoming stranded and; (3) faster rates of water level drawdown would increase the likelihood of individuals becoming stranded above the waterline. Body size significantly influenced the final position of an individual, with smaller individuals accessing deeper sediments more readily. Larger amphipods were more likely to become stranded above the waterline. Amphipods migrated to greater depths during faster water level reduction rates with smaller individuals displaying greater overall movement. Sediment particle size did not influence the ability of amphipods to move vertically into subsurface sediments in response to water level reduction. The results indicate that subsurface sediments may serve as a refuge from surface drying but that both the size of individual invertebrates influences their ability to migrate vertically.
Density Measurements of Two Liquefied Biomethane-Like Mixtures over the Temperature Range from (100 to 180) K at Pressures up to 9.0 MPa
Authors: Cavuoto Giuseppe , von Preetzmann Nils , Eckmann Philipp , Li Jianrong , van der Veen Adriaan M. H. , Kleinrahm Reiner , Richter Markus 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDensities of two synthetic biomethane-like mixtures were measured in the homogeneous liquid phase and the supercritical region using a low-temperature single-sinker magnetic-suspension densimeter. Both mixtures consist of methane, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen, whereas the second mixture additionally contains carbon dioxide. For the first mixture, four isotherms from (100 to 160) K were studied over the pressure range from (1.5 to 6.6) MPa. The second mixture was investigated along three isotherms from (140 to 180) K at pressures of (2.6 to 9.0) MPa, where only the densities at 180 K are usable due to solidification of the carbon dioxide at the lower temperatures. The relative expanded combined uncertainty (k = 2) of the experimental densities was estimated to be in the range of (0.022 to 0.027) % for the first mixture and (0.046 to 0.054) % for the second mixture, respectively. Due to a supercritical liquefaction procedure and the integration of a special VLE-cell, densities in the homogeneous liquid phase could be measured without changing the composition of the liquefied mixture. Moreover, saturated-liquid densities were determined by extrapolation of the experimental single-phase liquid densities to the vapor pressure, which was determined experimentally for the mixture without carbon dioxide and calculated with an equation of state (EOS) for the mixture containing carbon dioxide. The relative expanded combined uncertainty (k = 2) of the saturated-liquid densities is less than 0.08 % in most cases. The new experimental results were compared with the GERG-2008 equation of state; the deviations are less than 0.17 %.
A Longitudinal Investigation of Children’s Trauma Memory Characteristics and Their Relationship with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms
Authors: McGuire Rosie , Hiller Rachel M. , Ehlers Anke , Fearon Pasco , Meiser-Stedman Richard , Leuteritz Sophie , Halligan Sarah L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWhile trauma memory characteristics are considered a core predictor of adult PTSD, the literature on child PTSD is limited and inconsistent. We investigated whether children’s trauma memory characteristics predict their posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) at 1 month and 6 months post-trauma. We recruited 126 6–13 year olds who experienced a single-incident trauma that led to attendance at an emergency department. We assessed trauma memory disorganisation and sensory-emotional qualities through both narrative recall and self-report questionnaire, and PTSS at 1-month post-trauma and at 6-month follow-up. We found that, after controlling for age, children’s self-reported trauma memory characteristics were positively associated with their concurrent PTSS, and longitudinally predicted symptoms 6-months later. However, observable trauma memory characteristics coded from children’s narratives were not related to PTSS at any time. This suggests that children’s perceptions of their trauma memories are a more reliable predictor of the development and maintenance of PTSS than the nature of their trauma narrative, which has important implications for clinical practice.
Effects of a single aerobic exercise on perfused boundary region and microvascular perfusion: a field study
Authors: Fuchs Alexander , Neumann Tobias , Drinhaus Hendrik , Herrmann Anika , Vink Hans , Annecke Thorsten 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe endothelium and the glycocalyx play a pivotal role in regulating microvascular function and perfusion in health and critical illness. It is unknown today, whether aerobic exercise immediately affects dimensions of the endothelial surface layer (ESL) in relation to microvascular perfusion as a physiologic adaption to increased nutritional demands. This monocentric observational study was designed to determine real-time ESL and perfusion measurements of the sublingual microcirculation using sidestream dark field imaging performed in 14 healthy subjects before and after completing a 10 km trial running distance. A novel image acquisition and analysis software automatically analysed the perfused boundary region (PBR), an inverse parameter for red blood cell (RBC) penetration of the ESL, in vessels between 5 and 25 µm diameter. Microvascular perfusion was assessed by calculating RBC filling percentage. There was no significant immediate effect of exercise on PBR and RBC filling percentage. Linear regression analysis revealed a distinct association between change of PBR and change of RBC filling percentage (regression coefficient β: − 0.026; 95% confidence interval − 0.043 to − 0.009; p = 0.006). A single aerobic exercise did not induce a change of PBR or RBC filling percentage. The endothelium of the microvasculature facilitates efficient perfusion in vessels reacting with an increased endothelial surface layer.
Reference dependence, loss aversion and residential property development decisions
Authors: Bao Helen X. H. , Meng Charlotte Chunming , Wu Jing 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe analyse land transaction and residential development data from Beijing, China and identify that developers’ evaluation of land transaction exhibits reference dependence and loss aversion. Developers with prior land transaction losses set higher house prices than those without prior losses. This effect is strongest at the beginning and towards the end of the property sales period. It is moderated by developers’ ownership structure and listing status. Privately-owned firms experience stronger effects than their state-owned counterparts, whereas unlisted firms are more strongly affected than their listed counterparts. Results have implications on the relationship between the land and the housing markets in China. In a booming land market where land acquisition entails a high price, developers will transfer excess land price to house prices, thereby increasing the latter. The land market plays an integral role in managing housing prices in China.
Engines need transmission belts: the importance of people in technology transfer offices
Authors: Micozzi Alessandra , Iacobucci Donato , Martelli Irene , Piccaluga Andrea 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOver the last 20 years, universities and Public Research Organizations have increased their efforts to transfer their research results towards industrial applications in order to generate economic and social impact. Among many different actions, new technology transfer offices (TTOs) have been set up and existing ones strengthened. The present paper intends to evaluate the effects of a specific policy action launched by the Italian Patent and Trademark Office (UIBM) within the Italian Ministry of Economic Development (MISE), aimed at increasing the number of employees in TTOs to foster technology transfer in general and the valorization of intellectual property rights more specifically. Our results suggest that the impact of the UIBM policy action has been positive and that in some specific situations the impact was stronger. Our results therefore contribute to the technology transfer literature and can have implications for both academic research and decisions regarding investments in human resources in university TTOs.
Measures of long-term trends in mathematics: linking large-scale assessments over 50 years
Authors: Majoros Erika , Rosén Monica , Johansson Stefan , Gustafsson Jan-Eric 
Published: February 2021

AbstractInternational comparative assessments of student achievement are constructed to assess country-level differences and change over time. A coherent understanding of the international trends in educational outcomes is strongly needed as suggested by numerous previous studies. Investigating these trends requires long-term analysis, as substantial changes on the system level are rarely observed regarding student outcomes in short periods (i.e., between adjacent international assessment cycles). The present study aims to link recent and older studies conducted by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) onto a common scale to study long-term trends within and across countries. It explores the comparability of the achievement tests of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study and previous IEA studies on mathematics in grade eight. Employing item response theory, we perform a concurrent calibration of item parameters to link the eight studies onto a common scale spanning the period from 1964 to 2015 using data from England, Israel, Japan, and the USA.
Toxicity of representative mixture of five rare earth elements in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) juveniles
Authors: Hanana Houda , Kleinert Christine , Gagné François 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRare earth elements (REEs) are contaminants of increasing interest due to intense mining activities for commercial purposes and ultimately released in the environment. We exposed juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to a representative mixture of the five most abundant REEs for 96 h at concentrations similar found in lakes contaminated by mining activities at 0.1, 1, 10, and 100X whereas the 1x mixture contained cerium (Ce, 280 μg/L), lanthanum (La, 140 μg/L), neodymium (Nd, 120 μg/L), praseodymium (Pr, 28 μg/L), and samarium (Sm, 23 μg/L). We investigated the expression of 14 genes involved in oxidative stress, DNA repair, tissue growth/proliferation, protein chaperoning, xenobiotic biotransformation, and ammonia metabolism in the liver. In addition, DNA damage, oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation or LPO), inflammation (cyclooxygenase or COX activity), detoxification mechanisms (glutathione-S-transferase activity or GST), and labile zinc were determined in gills. The data revealed that genes involved in oxidative stress-catalase (cat), heat shock proteins 70 (hsp70), and glutamate dehydrogenase (glud) were upregulated while glutathione S-transferase (gst) and metallothionein (mt) gene expressions were downregulated. The mixture was genotoxic and increased labile Zn in gills of exposed trout. These changes occurred at concentrations 600 times lower than the LC50 for this mixture indicating effects below the 1X concentration. Based on principal component analysis and concentration-dependent reponses, the following sublethal effects were considered the most important/significant: DNA strand breaks (genotoxicity), labile Zn, cat, gst, hsp70, sparc, mt, and glud. These effects of fish juveniles are likely to occur in environments under the influence of mining activities.
The Role of Lipid Transfer Proteins as Food and Pollen Allergens Outside the Mediterranean Area
Authors: Scheurer Stephan , van Ree Ronald , Vieths Stefan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To provide an overview of the prevalence and clinical manifestation of non-specific lipid transfer proteins (LTP)-mediated allergies outside the Mediterranean area and to address potential reasons for the different geographical significance of LTP-driven allergies.

Recent Findings
LTPs are major allergens in the Mediterranean area, which frequently can elicit severe reactions. Pru p 3 the LTP from peach is reported as genuine allergen and is considered a prototypic marker for LTP-mediated allergies. However, both food and pollen LTP allergies exist outside the Mediterranean area, but with lower clinical significance, different immunogenicity, and less clarified role.

Summary
Evidence has been reported that in areas with high exposure to pollen, in particular to mugwort, pollen-derived LTPs can act as a primary sensitizer to trigger secondary food allergies. Co-sensitization to unrelated allergens might be causative for less severe reactions in response to LTPs. However, the reason for the geographical different sensitization patterns to LTPs remains unclear.
Marcinkiewicz–Zygmund Inequalities for Polynomials in Bergman and Hardy Spaces
Authors: Gröchenig Karlheinz , Ortega-Cerdà Joaquim 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe study the relationship between sampling sequences in infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces of analytic functions and Marcinkiewicz–Zygmund inequalities in subspaces of polynomials. We focus on the study of the Hardy space and the Bergman space in one variable because they provide two settings with a strikingly different behavior.
Molecular characterization of chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus and peanut witches’ broom phytoplasma associated with chickpea stunt disease and identification of new host crops and leafhopper vectors in India
Authors: Reddy Madem Gurivi , Baranwal Virendra Kumar , Sagar Doddachowdappa , Rao Govind Pratap 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAn investigation was carried out to identify and characterize the phytoplasma and viruses associated with the chickpea varieties showing severe stunting, leaf reddening, yellowing and phyllody symptoms during the summer season of 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 in eight states of India. The average disease incidence was recorded from 3 to 32% in different states. The presence of chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (CpCDV) was confirmed in thirty-seven chickpea samples by amplification of CpCDV coat protein gene and sequence comparison analysis. No record of association of luteovirus, polerovirus and cucumovirus could be detected in any of the symptomatic chickpea samples by RT-PCR assay. Brassica nigra, B. juncea, Lens culinaris, two weeds (Heteropogan contartus, Aeschynomene virginica) and one leafhopper (Amarasca biguttula) were identified as new putative hosts for CpCDV. Association of peanut witches’ broom phytoplasma was confirmed in twenty-eight chickpea samples, Sesamum indicum, five weeds hosts and two leafhopper species (Exitianus indicus, Empoasca motti) using nested PCR assays with primer pairs P1/P7 and R16F2n/R16Rn. The results of phytoplasma association in plants and leafhopper samples were further validated by using five multilocus genes (secA, rp, imp, tuf and secY) specific primers. Sequence comparison, phylogenetic and virtual RFLP analysis of 16S rRNA gene and five multilocus genes confirmed the identity of association of 16SrII-C and 16SrII-D subgroups of phytoplasmas strain with chickpea samples collected from Andhra Pradesh (AP), Telangana, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and New Delhi. Mixed infection of phytoplasma (16SrII-D) and CpCDV was also detected in symptomatic chickpea samples from AP and Telangana. The reports of association of 16SrII-C subgroup phytoplasma in chickpea and 16SrII-D subgroup phytoplasma in C. sparsiflora and C. roseus are the new host records in world and from India, respectively.
Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation as a multifunctional technique for the characterization of polymeric nanocarriers
Authors: Quattrini Federico , Berrecoso Germán , Crecente-Campo José , Alonso María José 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe importance of polymeric nanocarriers in the field of drug delivery is ever-increasing, and the accurate characterization of their properties is paramount to understand and predict their behavior. Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) is a fractionation technique that has gained considerable attention for its gentle separation conditions, broad working range, and versatility. AF4 can be hyphenated to a plurality of concentration and size detectors, thus permitting the analysis of the multifunctionality of nanomaterials. Despite this potential, the practical information that can be retrieved by AF4 and its possible applications are still rather unfamiliar to the pharmaceutical scientist. This review was conceived as a primer that clearly states the “do’s and don’ts” about AF4 applied to the characterization of polymeric nanocarriers. Aside from size characterization, AF4 can be beneficial during formulation optimization, for drug loading and drug release determination and for the study of interactions among biomaterials. It will focus mainly on the advances made in the last 5 years, as well as indicating the problematics on the consensus, which have not been reached yet. Methodological recommendations for several case studies will be also included.Graphical abstract
On generalizations of quasi-prime ideals of an ordered left almost semigroups
Authors: Yiarayong Pairote 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe purposes of this paper are to introduce generalizations of quasi-prime ideals to the context of $$\phi $$
ϕ
-quasi-prime ideals. Let $$\phi : {\mathcal {I}}(S) \rightarrow {\mathcal {I}}(S) \cup \left\{ \emptyset \right\} $$

ϕ
:
I

(
S
)

→
I

(
S
)

∪

∅

be a function where $$ {\mathcal {I}}(S)$$

I
(
S
)

is the set of all left ideals of an ordered $${{\mathcal {L}}}{{\mathcal {A}}}$$

L
A

-semigroup S. A proper left ideal A of an ordered $${{\mathcal {L}}}{{\mathcal {A}}}$$

L
A

-semigroup S is called a $$\phi $$
ϕ
-quasi-prime ideal, if for each $$a, b\in S$$

a
,
b
∈
S

with $$ab \in A - \phi (A)$$

a
b
∈
A
-
ϕ
(
A
)

, then $$a \in A$$

a
∈
A

or $$b\in A$$

b
∈
A

. Some characterizations of quasi-prime and $$\phi $$
ϕ
-quasi-prime ideals are obtained. Moreover, we investigate relationships between weakly quasi-prime, almost quasi-prime, $$\omega $$
ω
-quasi-prime, m-quasi-prime and $$\phi $$
ϕ
-quasi-prime ideals of ordered $${{\mathcal {L}}}{{\mathcal {A}}}$$

L
A

-semigroups. Finally, we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions of $$\phi $$
ϕ
-quasi-prime ideal in order to be a quasi-prime ideal.
Bariatrische Chirurgie – welche Therapieoptionen?
Authors: Felsenreich Daniel Moritz , Prager G. 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungAdipositas und damit einhergehende Komorbiditäten wie Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 (DMII), arterielle Hypertonie, Schlafapnoe, Erkrankungen des Bewegungsapparates usw. nehmen weltweit stetig zu. Bariatrische/metabolische Operationen stellen die bei Weitem effizienteste Methode dar, um langfristig Gewicht zu reduzieren und Komorbiditäten zu verbessern bzw. komplett in Remission zu bringen. Die Wirkungsmechanismen dieser Eingriffe umfassen neben Malabsorption und/oder Restriktion eine veränderte Ausschüttung verschiedener Hormone und Botenstoffe im Körper („gut hormones“, Adipozytokine usw.) sowie Veränderungen von Gallensäuren und des Mikrobioms. Die Indikation zu einer bariatrischen/metabolischen Operation (OP) kann ab einem BMI von ≥ 40 kg/m2 oder von ≥ 35 kg/m2 bei Bestehen mindestens einer der oben genannten Komorbiditäten gestellt werden. Gemäß den aktuellen Richtlinien der Amerikanischen Diabetesgesellschaft (ADA) kann auch schon bei einem BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 eine OP in Erwägung gezogen werden, wenn bei bestehendem DMII kein suffizienter Gewichtsverlust oder keine glykämische Kontrolle auf konservative Art und Weise erreicht werden kann. Die derzeit am häufigsten durchgeführten bariatrischen/metabolischen Operationsmethoden sind die Sleeve-Gastrektomie (Schlauchmagen), der Y‑Roux-Magenbypass und der One-anastomosis-Magenbypass, wobei die Wahl der Operationsmethode von mehreren Faktoren abhängt und für jeden Patienten individuell entschieden werden sollte. Zur Evaluierung der passenden OP-Methode, zur Abschätzung des Risikos und zur individuellen Vorbereitung des Patienten müssen im Vorfeld der OP verschiedene Untersuchungen durchgeführt werden. Es konnte mittlerweile in vielen Studien gezeigt werden, dass die metabolische Chirurgie sehr sicher ist und die Lebenserwartung sowie die Lebensqualität des Patienten dadurch erheblich verlängert bzw. verbessert werden. Durch metabolische Chirurgie ist es im Langzeitverlauf möglich, neben Gewichtsverlust eine erhebliche Verbesserung/Remission von DMII, kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen, Erkrankungen des Bewegungs- und Stützapparats und Lebererkrankungen zu erreichen sowie das Risiko, an Karzinomen zu erkranken (bzw. daran zu versterben), erheblich zu reduzieren.
A new approach to model the counts of earthquakes: INARPQX(1) process
Authors: Altun Emrah , Bhati Deepesh , Khan Naushad Mamode 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces a first-order integer-valued autoregressive process with a new innovation distribution, shortly INARPQX(1) process. A new innovation distribution is obtained by mixing Poisson distribution with quasi-xgamma distribution. The statistical properties and estimation procedure of a new distribution are studied in detail. The parameter estimation of INARPQX(1) process is discussed with two estimation methods: conditional maximum likelihood and Yule-Walker. The proposed INARPQX(1) process is applied to time series of the monthly counts of earthquakes. The empirical results show that INARPQX(1) process is an important process to model over-dispersed time series of counts and can be used to predict the number of earthquakes with a magnitude greater than four.
An improved convergence based on accelerated modulus-based Gauss–Seidel method for interactive rigid body simulations
Authors: Miyamoto Shugo , Yamashita Makoto 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a novel method that fits linear complementarity problems arising in interactive rigid-body simulations, based on the accelerated modulus-based Gauss–Seidel (AMGS) method. We give a new sufficient condition for the convergence of the generated sequence under a milder condition on the matrix splitting than the special case of the AMGS method. This gives a flexibility in the choice of the matrix splitting, and an appropriate matrix splitting can lead to a better convergence rate in practice. Numerical experiments show that the proposed method is more efficient than the simple application of the AMGS method, and that the accuracy in each step of the proposed method is superior to that of the projected Gauss–Seidel method.