bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Signature of Three MicroRNAs is a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Glioblastoma
Authors: Yazdi Ali Hosein , zarrinpour vajiheh , Moslemi Elham , ForghaniFard Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is by far the most common primary malignant neoplasm of the central nervous system. In spite ofsome progress in diagnosis and treatment, GBM patients still have a poor prognosis. Hence, to improve GBM diagnosis, finding novel non-invasive biomarkers, e.g., miRNA-based biomarkers,is of importance.Methods: A pair of 50 GBM and healthy samples were used. The expression of each candidate miRNA (i.e.,hsa-let-7c-5p, hsa-miR-206-5p, and hsa-miR-1909-5p)was measured using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. To show the roles of each miRNA and their biological effects on GBM development, in silico tools were used. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of each miRNA; the possible association of their expression with clinicopathological characteristics wasalso analyzed. To find out any association between the miRNA expression and GBM prognosis, in silico tools were used.Results: We showed the downregulation of hsa-let-7c-5pand hsa-miR-206-5p, and upregulation of hsa-miR-1909-5p in GBM tumor compared to healthy samples. No association was detected between the expression of each candidate miRNA and ‘sex’. Except for hsa-let-7c-5p, other miRNAs did not show any correlation with ‘age’ status. ROC curve analysis showed that the signature of candidate miRNAsis a potential biomarker distinguishing between GBM and healthy samples. Only hsa-miR-206-5p showed the association with poor prognosis in GBM patients.Conclusions: We demonstrated that the dysregulation of three candidate miRNAs may be used as a biomarker for GBM diagnosis. These results are beneficial in clinical management of GBM patients.
The role of preoperative 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) in retroperitoneal sarcoma
Authors: Jo Sung Jun , Kim Kyeong Deok , Lim So Hee , Kim Jinseob , Hyun Seung Hyup , Park Jae Berm , Lee Kyo Won 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) scan was used to predict pathologic grade based on the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in soft tissue sarcoma and bone sarcoma. In retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS), the effectiveness of PET scan was not well known. This study is designed to investigate the association of SUVmax with histopathologic grade and usefulness of 18 F-FDG PET/CT scan preoperatively. Patients undergoing primary surgery for retroperitoneal sarcoma with preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging were investigated between January 2001 and February 2020 at Samsung Medical Center. The relationship between SUVmax and histologic features was assessed. The association of SUVmax with overall survival (OS), local recurrence (LR), and distant metastasis (DM) was studied. Of the total 129 patients, the most common histologic subtypes were liposarcoma (LPS, 68.2%) and leiomyosarcoma (LMS,15.5%). The median value of SUVmax was 4.5 (range, 1- 29). The value of SUVmax was correlated with higher tumor grade (p < 0.001, Spearman coefficient 0.627) and mitosis (p < 0.001, Spearman coefficient 0.564) and showed a higher value in LMS (12.04±6.73) than in dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS, 6.32±4.97, p = 0.0054). The optimal threshold to distinguish high tumor grade was 4.8. High SUVmax group based on the above threshold showed poor prognosis in OS, LR, and DM (p < 0.001). SUVmax was correlated with pathologic parameters (tumor grade, mitosis) in RPS and was higher in the LMS group than DDLPS group. In addition, prognosis (OS, LR, DM) was poor at high SUVmax values (p < 0.001). The value of SUVmax 4.8 is the optimal threshold to rule out high-grade tumors and predict prognosis.
Development of Fused Deposition Modeling Using Five-Axis Machine and Printing Methods
Authors: zhang Haiguang , zhao Kunlong , Liu Di , Hu Qingxi , Lammer Herfried 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is one of most widely used 3D printing technologies due to inexpensive equipment and materials, and easy to operate. FDM forms a 3D geometry by slicing a model along the XY-plane and assembling the resulting individual layers along the Z-axis, with extruded thermoplastic filaments. FDM printed parts usually need supporting structures, have stair step effect, and unfavorable mechanical properties. In order to address these deficiencies, a five-axis 3D printer and corresponding printing methods are proposed and developed in this paper. The 3D printer was designed five degrees of freedom through adding a platform that can rotate and swing. Based on the obtained results from different case studies, the discussed machine and methods could become more significant in industrial applications such as low cost, fabricating parts with better surface quality and lightweight structures.
COVID19 and Human Right To Food: Lived Experiences of the Urban Poor in Kenya with the Impacts of Government’s Response Measures, A Participatory Qualitative Study
Authors: Kimani-Murage Elizabeth Wambui , Osogo David , Nyamasege Carolyn Kemunto , Igonya Emmy Kageha , Ngira David Otieno , Harrington John 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Globally, governments put in place measures to curb the spread of COVID-19. Information on the effects of these measures on the urban poor is limited. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of the urban poor in Kenya in the context of government’s COVID-19 response measures and its effects on the human right to food.
Methods

A participatory qualitative study was conducted in two informal settlements in Nairobi between January and March 2021. Analysis draws on eight focus group discussions, eight in-depth interviews, twelve key informant interviews, two photovoice sessions and three digital storytelling sessions. Phenomenology was applied to understand an individual’s lived experiences with the human right to food during COVID -19. Thematic analysis was performed using NVIVO software.
Results

The human right to food was affected in various ways. Many people lost their livelihoods affecting affordability of food due to response measures such as social distancing, curfew, and lockdown. The food supply chain was disrupted causing limited availability and access to affordable, safe, adequate, and nutritious food. Consequently, hunger and an increased consumption of low-quality food was reported. The government and other stakeholders instituted social protection measures. However, these were inadequate and marred with irregularities. Some households resorted to scavenging food from dumpsites, skipping meals, sex-work, urban-rural migration and depending on food donations to survive. On the positive side, some households resorted to progressive measures such as urban farming and food sharing in the community. Generally, there was a view that the response measures could have been more sensitive to the human rights of the urban poor.
Conclusions

The government’s COVID-19 restrictive measures exacerbated the already existing vulnerability of the urban poor to food insecurity and violated their human right to food. Future response measures should be executed in ways that respect the human right to food and protect marginalized people from resultant vulnerabilities.
Study On The Formation Mechanism of Cutting Surface of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Su Fei , Li Chunjie , Dong Guojun , Zheng Lei , Chen Bing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) is used widely in aerospace. The cutting mechanism of CFRP is markedly different from that of metals due to anisotropic and non-homogeneous material structure. The cutting mechanisms are highly dependent on the fiber orientation. The quality of the machined surface can be affected by the fiber fracture models. In this paper, based on the elastic foundation beam theory and the Hertzian contact theory, the cutting mechanics are established. And the cutting model is simulated by the three-dimensional micro-scale numerical model. Then, the continuous varying cutting mechanism and the sub-damage are deeply studied in detail by combining the cutting mechanics model and the simulation model. The results indicate that the fiber orientation θ=80° and θ=150° is the transition critical point of the fracture form. When θ=0°, the fiber failure mode is buckling-dominated. When 0°<θ<80° and 150°<θ<180°, the fiber failure mode is dominated by contact fracture. When 80°<θ<150°, the fiber failure mode is bending-dominated. The cutting mechanics model and finite element model can effectively reflect the evolution law of CFRP machined surface.
Investigating the concentration levels, distribution patterns, source identification and health risk assessment of PAHs, n-alkanes, hopanes, and steranes in deposited dust of Mashhad, Iran
Authors: mahdad Faezeh , Bakhtiari Alireza Riyahi , Moeinaddini Mazaher , Charlesworthc Susanne , Emrani Nima 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Deposited dust (DD) in urban environments contains carcinogenic organic compounds. The Indoor air quality is greatly affected by heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems (HVAC), and in the Middle East most of the buildings are equipped by HVAC on top of them. It is possible that the DD on the roof near this equipment would be transferred to an indoor area. For these reasons, 40 samples of the over the roof DD were prepared, and organic compounds (16PAH compounds, 20n-alkane homologs, 8hopanes, and 6steranes) of DD were extracted using Soxhlet and analyzed by GC-MS. Source identification of organic compounds conducted by ring classification, diagnostic ratios, and factor analysis (FA). The results showed that the average (±SD) of total PAHs, n-alkanes, hopanes and steranes in DD were 1356.00 (±291.45) ng kg−1dw, 3211.65 (±969.18), 146.37 (±79.45) and 469.76 (±188.25) µg.g_1dw, respectively. The highest concentration of organic compounds was in the city center, where traffic congestion is common. Diagnostic ratios of n-alkanes results showed the dominant source is vehicular emission. FA results indicated vehicular emission and biogenic sources. In agreement, the results of sterane and hopane profiles confirm these results. On the other hand, the PAHs diagnostic ratios results indicated petroleum combustion sources. In this regard, FA findings showed combustion from vehicular emission and natural gas and wood combustion were the main factors. Furthermore, the incremental lifetime cancer risk was calculated as 8.45× 10−12 for children and 9.80 × 10−7 for adults, and the imposed risk was negligible.
Unified method applied to the new Hamiltonian amplitude equation: Wave solutions and stability analysis
Authors: Rayhanul Islam S M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The new Hamiltonian amplitude (nHA) equation deals with some of the disabilities of the modulation wave-train. The main task of this paper is to extract the analytical wave solutions of the nHA equation. Based on the unified scheme, analytical wave solutions are attained in terms of hyperbolic and trigonometric function solutions. In order to prompt the underlying wave propagation characteristics, three-dimensional (3D), two-dimensional (2D) are illustrated from the solutions obtained with the help of computational packages Mathematica and also made comparisons between wave profiles for various values. The proposed method can also be used for many other nonlinear evolution equations.
A Novel Approach to the Fuzzification of Fields
Authors: Zeng Mingyi , Shi Fu-Gui , Wang Lan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

In this paper, a novel approach to the fuzzification of field is introduced.
its characterizations are given. An L-fuzzy convexity can be induced by an L-fuzzy subfield degree, and an L-fuzzy field homomorphism is exactly an L-fuzzy convexity preserving mapping and an L-fuzzy convex-to-convex mapping.
A Microdosimetry Analysis of Reversible Electroporation In Scattered, Overlapping, And Cancerous Cervical Cells
Authors: Kumar Mayank , Mishra Ashutosh 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper,a numerical method for studying reversible electroporation on normal and cancerous cervical cells is introduced. This microdosimetry analysis has been done by a unique approach for extracting contours of free and overlapping cervical cells in the cluster from the External Depth field images19. The algorithm used for extracting the contours is a joint optimization of multiple level set function along with the Gaussian mixture model and Maximally Stable Extremal Regions. This contour is then imported a multiphysics domain solver, where variable frequency pulsed electric field is applied. The Trans-Membrane Voltage (TMV) developed across the cell membrane is then calculated using the Maxwell equation coupled with a statistical approach employing the asymptotic Smoluchowski equation, which calculates the generated temporal pore density. The numerical model was validated by successful replication of existing experimental approach that employed low-frequency uni-polar pulses on the overlapping cells to obtain reversible electroporation. Using several overlapping clumps of cervical cells, simulations are performed to match the experimental data. For high-frequency calculation, a combination of normal and cancerous cells is introduced to the computational domain. The cells are assumed to be dispersive and the Debye dispersion equation is a second-order partial derivative equation used for further calculations. The difference in time duration for reaching the threshold value of electroporation is seen between the normal and cancerous cervical cells due to their size and conductivity change. The drug and dye uptake modulation during the high-frequency electric field electroporation is advocated by a mathematical model.
SORG Algorithm to Predict 3- and 12-month Survival in Metastatic Spinal Disease: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Retrospective Study.
Authors: Zegarek Gregory , Tessitore Enrico , Chaboudez Etienne , Nouri Aria , Schaller Karl , Gondar Renato 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this study, we recruited 40 patients with spinal metastatic disease
who were operated at Geneva University Hospitals by the Neurosurgery
or Orthopedic teams between the years of 2015 and 2020. We did an
ROC analysis in order to determine the accuracy of the SORG ML algorithm
and nomogram versus the Tokuhashi Original and Revised Scores.
The analysis of data of our independent cohort shows a clear advantage in
terms of predictive ability of the SORG ML algorithm and nomogram in
comparison with the Tokuhashi scores. The SORG ML had an AUC of 0.87
for 90-days and 0.85 for 1-year. The SORG Nomogram showed a predictive
ability at 90-days and 1-year with AUC’s of 0.87 and 0.76 respectively.
These results showed excellent discriminative ability as compared with the
Tokuhashi Original Score which achieved AUC’s of 0.70 and 0.69 and the
Tokuhashi Revised Score which had AUC’s of 0.65 and 0.71 for 3-month
and 1-year respectively. The predictive ability of the SORG ML algorithm
and nomogram were superior to currently used preoperative survival estimation
scores for spinal metastatic disease.
Immobilization of microorganisms in activated zeolite beads and alkaline pretreated straws for ammonium-nitrogen removal from urban river water
Authors: Tang Van Tai , Li Qiuhong , Rene Eldon R. , Behera Shishir Kumar , Maleki Afshin , Da Chau Thi , Phong Nguyen Tan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe non-treated wastewater from residential areas contains high concentrations of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N). When discharged into the drainage water system, it deteriorates the water quality in urban rivers. This study used two types of materials to form eco-bags, using activated zeolite bead (AZB) and alkaline pretreated straw (APS), in geotextile bags for easy recovery and reuse. The AZB and APS provided the breeding habitat for the microorganisms that promoted biofilm formation on their surface. The immobilization of engineered denitrification microorganisms facilitated the removal of NH4+-N from the urban river water. The NH4+-N removal in the AZB and APS bags were in the range of 64–73%, and 56–61%, respectively, while the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal in the AZB and APS bags ranged from 33–36%, and 30–31%, respectively. In addition, as evident from DNA and microbial community analysis, the microorganisms demonstrated a greater proclivity to grow and proliferate on the surface of AZB and APS and improved the water quality of urban rivers.
An Insight into the Polymeric Nanoparticles Applications in Diabetes
Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Sivakumar Ponnurengam Malliappan , Zarrabi Ali , Dehghani Parisa , Rad Monireh Esmaeili , Zarepour Atefeh 
Published: November 2021

:
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a type of chronic metabolic disease that has affected millions of
people worldwide and is known with a defect in the amount of insulin secretion, insulin functions, or
both. This deficiency leads to an increase in the amounts of glucose, which could be accompanied by
long-term damages to other organs such as eyes, kidneys, heart, and nervous system. Thus, introducing
an appropriate approach for diagnosis and treatment of different types of DM is the aim of several
researches. By the emergence of nanotechnology and its application in medicine, new approaches
were presented for these purposes. The object of this review article is to introduce different types of
polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs), as one of the most important classes of nanoparticles, for diabetic
management. To achieve this goal, at first, some of the conventional therapeutic and diagnostic methods
of DM will be reviewed. Then, different types of PNPs, in two forms of natural and synthetic polymers
with different properties, as a new method for DM treatment and diagnosis will be introduced.
In the next section, the transport mechanisms of these types of nano-carriers across the epithelium, via
paracellular and transcellular pathways will be explained. Finally, the clinical use of PNPs in the
treatment and diagnosis of DM will be summarized. Based on the results of this literature review,
PNPs could be considered one of the most promising methods for DM management.
Diabetes/Dementia in Sub-Saharian Africa and Nigerian Women in the
Eye of Storm
Authors: Oghagbon Efosa K. , Prieto-Pino José , Dogoh Faeren , Ogiator Monday , Giménez-Llort Lydia 
Published: November 2021

:
In the next few years, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is projected to dramatically increase globally, but most of the cases will occur in low-to-middle-income countries. Some of the major risk factors for diabetes accelerate the development of dementia in African-Americans, thus leading to a higher prevalence of dementia than Caucasians. Sub-Saharan Africa women have a disproportionately two-to-eight fold increased prevalence of dementia. In the eye of this storm, Nigeria holds the highest number of diabetics on the African continent, and its prevalence is rising in parallel to obesity, hypertension, and the population’s aging. The socio-economic impact of the rising prevalence of DM and dementia will be huge and unsustainable for the healthcare system in Nigeria, as has been recognized in developed economies. Here, we analyze the current situation of women's health in Nigeria and explore future perspectives and directions. The complex interplay of factors involved in diabetes and dementia in Nigerian women include key biological agents (metabolic syndrome, vascular damage, inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance), nutritional habits, lifestyle, and anemia, that worsen with comorbidities. In addition, restricted resources, lack of visibility, and poor management result in a painful chain that increases the risk and
burden of disease in Nigerian women from youth to elderly ages. Heath policies to increase the ra-
tio of mental health professionals per number of patients, mostly in rural areas, foment of proactive
primary care centers, and interventions targeting adolescents and adult women and other specific
mothers-children pairs are strongly required for a sustainable development goal.
Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome with Livedo Reticularis is Linked to
Female Sex and Stroke and Negatively Associated with Thyroid Disease
Authors: Carvalho Jozélio Freire , de Araujo Roberto Paulo Correia , Skare Thelma Larocca 
Published: November 2021

Aim:
To study the clinical and laboratory findings between patients with primary Antiphospholipid
Syndrome (pAPS) with and without LR.

Background:
Livedo Reticularis (LR) is a common manifestation of Antiphospholipid Syndrome
(APS). Although no previous study evaluated patients with and without LR.

Methods:
A transversal study including 66 pAPS patients was performed. Demographical, anthropometric,
medication use, antiphospholipid antibodies profile data were evaluated, and LR's clinical
and laboratory features. Patients were subdivided into one of two groups: pAPS with LR and
pAPS without LR.

Results:
Both groups were alike concerning demographics and anthropometrics. Interestingly, the
frequency of stroke (28.5 vs. 7.5%, p=0.04), as well as of Sneddon’s syndrome (100 vs. 30.0%,
p<0.0001), were higher in pAPS with LR than the other group. Conversely, patients in the pAPS
without LR group had more thyroidopathy than those in the pAPS with LR group (80% vs. 50% %,
p=0.03).

Conclusion:
Patients with pAPS and LR have more stroke and seem to be protected from thyroidopathy.
Careful follow-up of these patients is therefore advised.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR DAN KOMPOS KULIT BUAH KAKAO PADA PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Rahmayanti Ananda Y. , Rini Maria Viva , Arif M. A. Syamsul , Yusnaini Sri 
Published: November 2021

Usaha pembibitan kakao yang dilakukan secara besar-besaran seringkali menghadapi masalah ketersediaan air penyiraman. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, pemberian Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular (FMA) dan kompos kulit buah kakao (KKBK) dapat menjadi salah satu solusi dalam menyediakan air yang cukup bagi bibit kakao. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah aplikasi FMA dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit kakao, mengetahui bentuk respon bibit kakao terhadap pemberian KKBK, dan mengetahui apakah respon bibit kakao terhadap KKBK ditentukan oleh aplikasi FMA, (4) mengetahui dosis optimum KKBK bagi pertumbuhan bibit kakao yang diaplikasikan dengan FMA dan yang tidak diaplikasikan FMA. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari Bulan Desember 2011 sampai dengan September 2012 di rumah kaca dan Laboratorium Produksi Perkebunan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung. Rancangan perlakuan disusun secara faktorial (2 x 5) dengan 4 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah pemberian FMA dengan 2 taraf, yaitu m0 (tanpa FMA) dan m1 (diberi FMA). Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi KKBK (v/v) dengan 5 taraf, yaitu k0 (0%), k1 (5 %), k2 (10 %), k3 (15%), dan k4 (20 %). Perlakuan diterapkan ke dalam satuan percobaan menurut rancangan kelompok teracak sempurna (RKTS). Homogenitas ragam data yang diperoleh diuji dengan Uji Bartlett, sedangkan untuk sifat kemenambahan diuji dengan Uji Tukey. Bila kedua uji tidak nyata, data dianalisis ragam. Pemisahan nilai tengah pada faktor pemberian FMA dilakukan dengan menggunakan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf nyata 5%. Sedangkan untuk faktor dosis kompos kulit buah kakao dilanjutkan dengan uji polinomial ortogonal pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa FMA tidak mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit kakao, melainkan hanya meningkatkan persen infeksi akar oleh mikoriza saja. Dengan meningkatnya dosis kompos kulit buah kakao dalam media tanam, maka makin menekan pertumbuhan bibit kakao. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari peubah pengamatan tinggi bibit, jumlah daun, volume akar, bobot kering tajuk, dan bobot kering akar. Tidak terdapat interaksi antara pemberian FMA dan dosis kompos kulit buah kakao pada semua peubah yang diamati.