bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An intact complement system dampens cornea inflammation during acute primary HSV-1 infection
Authors: Filiberti Adrian , Gmyrek Grzegorz B. , Berube Amanda N. , Royer Derek J. , Carr Daniel J. J. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCorneal transparency is an essential characteristic necessary for normal vision. In response to microbial infection, the integrity of the cornea can become compromised as a result of the inflammatory response and the ensuing tissue pathology including neovascularization (NV) and collagen lamellae destruction. We have previously found complement activation contributes to cornea pathology-specifically, denervation in response to HSV-1 infection. Therefore, we investigated whether the complement system also played a role in HSV-1-mediated neovascularization. Using wild type (WT) and complement component 3 deficient (C3 KO) mice infected with HSV-1, we found corneal NV was accelerated associated with an increase in inflammatory monocytes (CD11b+CCR2+CD115+/−Ly6G−Ly6Chigh), macrophages (CD11b+CCR2+CD115+Ly6G−Ly6Chigh) and a subpopulation of granulocytes/neutrophils (CD11b+CCR2−CD115+Ly6G+Ly6Clow). There were also increases in select pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic factors including IL-1α, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, CXCL1, CCL2, and VEGF-A that coincided with increased inflammation, neovascularization, and corneal opacity in the C3 KO mice. The difference in inflammation between WT and C3 KO mice was not driven by changes in virus titer. However, viral antigen clearance was hindered in C3 KO mouse corneas suggesting the complement system has a dynamic regulatory role within the cornea once an inflammatory cascade is initiated by HSV-1.
Rab11-dependent recycling of calcium channels is mediated by auxiliary subunit α2δ-1 but not α2δ-3
Authors: Meyer James O. , Dolphin Annette C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractN-type voltage-gated calcium channels (CaV2.2) are predominantly expressed at presynaptic terminals, and their function is regulated by auxiliary α2δ and β subunits. All four mammalian α2δ subunits enhance calcium currents through CaV1 and CaV2 channels, and this increase is attributed, in part, to increased CaV expression at the plasma membrane. In the present study we provide evidence that α2δ-1, like α2δ-2, is recycled to the plasma membrane through a Rab11a-dependent endosomal recycling pathway. Using a dominant-negative Rab11a mutant, Rab11a(S25N), we show that α2δ-1 increases plasma membrane CaV2.2 expression by increasing the rate and extent of net forward CaV2.2 trafficking in a Rab11a-dependent manner. Dominant-negative Rab11a also reduces the ability of α2δ-1 to increase CaV2.2 expression on the cell-surface of hippocampal neurites. In contrast, α2δ-3 does not enhance rapid forward CaV2.2 trafficking, regardless of whether Rab11a(S25N) is present. In addition, whole-cell CaV2.2 currents are reduced by co-expression of Rab11a(S25N) in the presence of α2δ-1, but not α2δ-3. Taken together these data suggest that α2δ subtypes participate in distinct trafficking pathways which in turn influence the localisation and function of CaV2.2.
Quantum entanglement and statistics of photons on a beam splitter in the form of coupled waveguides
Authors: Makarov D. N. , Gusarevich E. S. , Goshev A. A. , Makarova K. A. , Kapustin S. N. , Kharlamova A. A. , Tsykareva Yu. V. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIt is well known that a beam splitter (BS) can be used as a source of photon quantum entanglement. This is due to the fact that the statistics of photons changes at the output ports of the BS. Usually, quantum entanglement and photon statistics take into account the constancy of the reflection coefficient R or the transmission coefficient T of the BS, where $$R + T = 1$$

R
+
T
=
1

. It has recently been shown that if BS is used in the form of coupled waveguides, the coefficients R and T will depend on the photon frequencies. In this paper, it is shown that the quantum entanglement and statistics of photons at the output ports of a BS can change significantly if a BS is used in the form of coupled waveguides, where the coefficients R and T are frequency-dependent.
Molecular phyloecology suggests a trophic shift concurrent with the evolution of the first birds
Authors: Wu Yonghua 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBirds are characterized by evolutionary specializations of both locomotion (e.g., flapping flight) and digestive system (toothless, crop, and gizzard), while the potential selection pressures responsible for these evolutionary specializations remain unclear. Here we used a recently developed molecular phyloecological method to reconstruct the diets of the ancestral archosaur and of the common ancestor of living birds (CALB). Our results suggest a trophic shift from carnivory to herbivory (fruit, seed, and/or nut eater) at the archosaur-to-bird transition. The evolutionary shift of the CALB to herbivory may have essentially made them become a low-level consumer and, consequently, subject to relatively high predation risk from potential predators such as gliding non-avian maniraptorans, from which birds descended. Under the relatively high predation pressure, ancestral birds with gliding capability may have then evolved not only flapping flight as a possible anti-predator strategy against gliding predatory non-avian maniraptorans but also the specialized digestive system as an evolutionary tradeoff of maximizing foraging efficiency and minimizing predation risk. Our results suggest that the powered flight and specialized digestive system of birds may have evolved as a result of their tropic shift-associated predation pressure.
Instability of U3Si2 in pressurized water media at elevated temperatures
Authors: Migdisov Artaches , Nisbet Haylea , Li Nan , White Joshua , Xu Hongwu , Nelson Andrew , Roback Robert 
Published: May 2021

AbstractFollowing the Fukushima Daiichi accident, significant efforts from industry and the scientific community have been directed towards the development of alternative nuclear reactor fuels with enhanced accident tolerance. Among the proposed materials for such fuels is a uranium silicide compound (U3Si2), which has been selected for its enhanced thermal conductivity and high density of uranium compared to the reference commercial light water reactor (LWR) nuclear fuel, uranium oxide (UO2). To be a viable candidate LWR fuel, however, U3Si2 must also demonstrate that, in the event of this fuel coming in contact with aqueous media, it will not degrade rapidly. In this contribution, we report the results of experiments investigating the stability of U3Si2 in pressurized water at elevated temperatures and identify the mechanisms that control the interaction of U3Si2 under these conditions. Our data indicate that the stability of this material is primarily controlled by the formation of a layer of USiO4 (the mineral, coffinite) at the surface of U3Si2. The results also show that these layers are destabilized at T > 300 °C, leading to the complete decomposition of U3Si2 and its pulverization due to its full oxidation to UO2.
A no-go theorem for the persistent reality of Wigner’s friend’s perception
Authors: Allard Guérin Philippe , Baumann Veronika , Del Santo Flavio , Brukner Časlav 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe notorious Wigner’s friend thought experiment (and modifications thereof) has received renewed interest especially due to new arguments that force us to question some of the fundamental assumptions of quantum theory. In this paper, we formulate a no-go theorem for the persistent reality of Wigner’s friend’s perception, which allows us to conclude that the perceptions that the friend has of her own measurement outcomes at different times cannot “share the same reality”, if seemingly natural quantum mechanical assumptions are met. More formally, this means that, in a Wigner’s friend scenario, there is no joint probability distribution for the friend’s perceived measurement outcomes at two different times, that depends linearly on the initial state of the measured system and whose marginals reproduce the predictions of unitary quantum theory. This theorem entails that one must either (1) propose a nonlinear modification of the Born rule for two-time predictions, (2) sometimes prohibit the use of present information to predict the future—thereby reducing the predictive power of quantum theory—or (3) deny that unitary quantum mechanics makes valid single-time predictions for all observers. We briefly discuss which of the theorem’s assumptions are more likely to be dropped within various popular interpretations of quantum mechanics.
Identification of potential core genes and pathways predicting pathogenesis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Mengmeng , Zhong Bin , Li Man , Wang Yanjuan , Yang Huaian , Du Ke 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most common subtype of head and neck cancer; however, its pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets remain largely unknown. In the present study, we analyzed three gene expression profiles and screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HNSCC and normal tissues. The DEGs were subjected to gene ontology (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG), protein–protein interaction (PPI), and survival analyses, while the connectivity map (CMap) database was used to predict candidate small molecules that may reverse the biological state of HNSCC. Finally, we measured the expression of the most relevant core gene in vitro and examined the effect of the top predicted potential drug against the proliferation of HNSCC cell lines. Among the 208 DEGs and ten hub genes identified, CDK1 and CDC45 were associated with unfavorable HNSCC prognosis, and three potential small molecule drugs for treating HNSCC were identified. Increased CDK1 expression was confirmed in HNSCC cells, and menadione, the top predicted potential drug, exerted significant inhibitory effects against HNSCC cell proliferation and markedly reversed CDK1 expression. Together, the findings of the present study suggest that the ten hub genes and pathways identified may be closely related to HNSCC pathogenesis. In particular, CDK1 and CDC45 overexpression could be reliable biomarkers for predicting unfavorable prognosis in patients with HNSCC, while the new candidate small molecules identified by CMap analysis provide new avenues for the development of potential drugs to treat HNSCC.
Distributed control of mobile robots in an environment with static obstacles
Authors: Giannousakis Konstantinos , Tzes Anthony 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study addresses the problem of deploying a group of mobile robots over a non‐convex region with obstacles. Assuming that the robots are equipped with omnidirectional range sensors of common radius, disjoint subsets of the sensed area are assigned to the robots. These proximity‐based subsets are calculated using the visibility notion, where the cell of each robot is treated as an opaque obstacle for the other robots. Based on that, optimal spatially distributed coordination algorithms are derived for the area coverage problem and for the homing problem, where the swarm needs to move to specific locations. Experimental studies demonstrate the results.
Proposal of layered mental healthcare for mental well‐being
Authors: Kiguchi Masashi , Sutoko Stephanie , Atsumori Hirokazu , Nishimura Ayako , Obata Akiko , Funane Tsukasa , Nakagawa Hiromitsu , Egi Masashi , Kuriyama Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA new concept, ‘Layered mental healthcare’ for keeping employees mental well‐being in the workplace to avoid losses caused by both absenteeism and presenteeism is proposed. A key factor forming the basis of the concept is the biometric measurements over three layers, i.e., behaviour, physiology, and brain layers, for monitoring mental/distress conditions of employees. Here, the necessity of measurements in three layers was validated by the data‐driven approach using the preliminary dataset measured in the office environment. Biometric measurements were supported by an activity tracker, a PC logger, and the optical topography; mental/distress conditions were quantified by the brief job stress questionnaire. The biometric features obtained 1 week before the measurement of mental/distress scores were selected for the best regression model. The feature importance of each layer was obtained in the learning process of the best model using the light graded boosting machine and was compared between layers. The ratio of feature importance of behaviour:physiology:brain layers was found to be 4:3:3. The study results suggest the contribution and necessity of the three‐layer features in predicting mental/distress scores.
A deep sequence‐to‐sequence method for accurate long landing prediction based on flight data
Authors: Kang Zongwei , Shang Jiaxing , Feng Yong , Zheng Linjiang , Wang Qixing , Sun Hong , Qiang Baohua , Liu Zhen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn civil aviation industry, runway overrun is a typical landing safety incident concerned by both airlines and authorities. Among various contributing factors to the runway overrun incident, long landing plays an important role. However, existing studies for long landing prediction mainly depend on classic machine learning methods and handcrafted features. As a result, they usually require much expert knowledge and provide unsatisfactory results. To address these problems, this paper proposes an innovative deep sequence‐to‐sequence model which utilizes QAR (Quick Access Recorder) data for accurate long landing pre‐ diction. Specifically, to cope with the high heterogeneity of QAR dataset, a data pre‐processing procedure is first proposed which includes data cleaning, interpolation and normalization steps. Second, to avoid the noises incurred by too many QAR parameters and relieve the reliance on expert experience, the GBDT (gradient boosting decision trees) model is employed to choose the most relevant parameters as features. Then a CNN‐LSTM and TG‐attention encoder‐decoder architecture is proposed to accurately predict future aircraft ground speed and radio height sequences, based on which the touchdown distance can be finally calculated. Experimental results on a large QAR dataset with 44,176 A321 flights validate effectiveness of the proposed method.
A facile non‐hydrogenated method for fabrication of black TiO2‐x/bacterial cellulose composites with improved photocatalytic performance
Authors: Qu Xiao , Lin Jianbin , Wei Feng , Sun Dongping 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBlack titanium dioxide (TiO2‐x) has attracted extensive attention owing to its visible light absorption and superior photodegradation activity. Here, black TiO2‐x nanocomposites are fabricated via a two‐step method followed by a heat treatment process under an argon atmosphere, and then the black TiO2‐x is loaded onto the bacterial cellulose surface by surface grafting. The presence of Ti3+ species and oxygen vacancies is proved by XPS characterisation. Furthermore, the black TiO2‐x exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity for pollutants degradation.
Simulation of a blue‐phase liquid crystal cell using a multi‐angle director model
Authors: Yang Chun‐Ying , Chang Shao‐Hua , Chen Tien‐Jung , Wu Jin‐Jei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA multi‐angle director model is proposed to simulate and interpret the electro‐optical characteristics of a blue‐phase liquid crystal (BPLC) cell driven by vertical and horizontal electric fields. Instead of employing the Kerr effect, the BPLC cell is considered as a stack of several high‐pretilt nematic liquid crystal layers that can be simulated using the director model. Simulations are performed based on the director model and results are compared with those obtained with Kerr‐effect‐based methods. The theoretical model successfully simulated the electro‐optical characteristics of the BPLC, consistent with experimental data. Hence, the model is expected to aid the design of next‐generation BPLC displays.
Tuning the electronic and optical properties of the sphalerite by adsorbing halogen and alkali metals
Authors: Tyagi Mohit , Choudhary Sudhanshu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTThe electronic and optical properties of sphalerite (ZnS) are modulated by adsorbing alkali metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs) and halogen (F, Cl, Br, I, At). Simulations based on density‐functional theory are used to study the electronic and optical properties of pristine sphalerite and alkali‐halogen adsorbed sphalerite structures. The results suggest that pristine sphalerite has high absorption in several portions of ultraviolet (UV) region (λ < 250 nm) and negligible absorption in the visible and IR region. The alkali‐halogen adsorbed structure of sphalerite results into red‐shift phenomenon in which an increase in absorption coefficient with wavelength is observed or spectrum shifting towards the red end is observed. Strong absorption for both alkali and halogen adsorbed nanostructures is found throughout the visible zone (~410 to 780 nm) of the spectrum. Bromine adsorbed sphalerite structure results in highest value of absorption in visible region in comparison to other alkali and halogen adsorbed structures. This shift in absorption peaks from UV region to desired visible region range is beneficial for optoelectronic applications and in fabrication of optoelectronics devices such as LED, ARC, solar cells, CRTs and sensors.
A switching capacitor based multi‐port bidirectional DC–DC converter
Authors: Shayeghi Hossein , Pourjafar Saeed , Hashemzadeh Seyed Majid 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces a novel bidirectional multi‐port DC–DC converter recommended for electric vehicle applications. The proposed structure has three ports with bidirectional features which can be operated in both step‐up and step‐down modes. This converter can supply the load from two independent voltage sources and can obtain a high voltage conversion ratio in both step‐up and step‐down operations. The low voltage stress throughout the power switches, high efficiency, and low components count are the characteristics of the proposed topology. For demonstrating the proposed structure's performance, the principle of operation modes, steady‐state analysis, and comparison results with other similar works are provided. Finally, an experimental prototype is built with a 120 W power level at 50 kHz operating, which validates the suggested converter's effectiveness and bidirectional trait. The suggested converter's efficiency in boost and buck mode is obtained about 94.2% and 94.37%, respectively that makes this converter to be used in renewable energy systems and electric vehicles with hybrid energy sources.
Modelling and optimization of SiC MOSFET switching voltage and current overshoots in a half‐bridge configuration
Authors: Wang Lina , Ma Haobo , Qiu Hongcheng , Yuan Kai , Liu Zhuang , Cao Guoen 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDue to the high‐speed switching, the switching process of a silicon carbide (SiC) metal oxide field effect transistor (MOSFET) in a practical circuit is susceptible to parasitics and exhibits significant current and voltage overshoots. This may subsequently lower the efficiency of the device, degrade the reliability of the system, increase the level of electromagnetic interference and prohibit the full utilization of SiC MOSFETs’ potential. Conventional qualitative analysis is difficult to support enough guidance to deal with the switching overshoots in practice. In order to implement quantitative analysis of the switching overshoots of SiC power electronic circuits, an analytical model of SiC MOSFET switching behaviour in the half‐bridge configuration was derived considering all important parasitic parameters, the non‐linear characteristics of the parasitic capacitances and the transconductance coefficient of the device. Based on the derived analytical model, the switching voltage and current overshoots under the specific circuit parameter conditions can be quantitatively evaluated without complex system‐level modelling. Sensitivity analysis for the voltage and current overshoots during the switching transient was quantified. Moreover, the effect rule of the gate resistance on the voltage overshoot was revealed. In the article, simulation and experimental results validate the analytical model and analysis results.
A novel secondary code acquisition algorithm for the BDS‐3 B1C signal
Authors: Qiu Tongsheng , Wang Xianyi , du Qifei , Sun Yueqiang , Wang Zhuoyan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe BDS‐3 recently started broadcasting a new civil B1C signal to provide open services for global users, which brings benefits to GNSS‐based applications. The BDS‐3 B1C signal modulates a long secondary code on the primary code in the pilot component, and it is useful to acquire the secondary code so as to extend coherent integration time when acquiring weak BDS‐3 B1C signals. However, the long secondary code of the BDS‐3 B1C signal puts FFT‐based and multi‐hypothesis‐based secondary code acquisition methods in trouble from the high computational burden. Therefore, the authors propose a novel secondary code acquisition algorithm called the partial correlation method (PCM) for the BDS‐3 B1C signal. The PCM acquires the secondary code in three steps to reduce the complexity and acquisition time, and it supports up to coherent integration and can be applied for the case of , which satisfies most cases. Further, a matched‐filter‐based architecture of the PCM is presented. Additionally, the characteristic length vector to determine the secondary code chip position quickly is proposed, which is better than the existing characteristic length method. Finally, experimental results based on real BDS‐3 B1C signals data show that the proposed PCM is effective.
Securing Endotracheal Tube in Pediatric Neurosurgical Patients Operated in Prone Position—A Novel Technique
Authors: Kalra Samir Kumar ,   Rajkumar
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction The purpose of the present study relates to prevention of accidental extubation (AE) of pediatric patients in prone position. The control of endotracheal tube (ETT) in prone position becomes very difficult and an AE often occurs. This is more so deleterious in this age group because of the shallow respiratory reserves in children as well as the common use of noncuffed endotracheal tubes. The accidental tube exit may be a life-threatening event and its prevention is extremely important.
Case Description Using the used plastic bottle of intravenous fluids, a rectangular piece is cut, foam pasted and wrapped on itself and stout threads are attached. This attachment is used for securing the ETT by wrapping it. The technical details are described in the text. The AE is a potentially disastrous event and its occurrence in pediatric patients is even more dangerous. Many techniques have been developed over the years for prevention of such an event.
Conclusions The present technique uses all the principles of ETT fixation without leading to adding any significant technical difficulties. The method is safe, cost-effective and easily reproducible way of securement of ETT in pediatric neurosurgical patients operated in the prone position.