bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep Phenotypes of Caregivers for Persons Living With Dementia
Authors: Brewster Glenna , Pierpaoli Christina , Epps Fayron , Johnson Kalisha Bonds , Yeager Kate 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Sleep disturbance is prevalent among caregivers of people living with dementia. Gaps exist regarding when caregivers begin to experience sleep disturbance along their caregiving trajectory. This study aimed to identify and describe phenotypes of current caregivers’ sleep patterns before and during caregiving and describe caregivers’ perception of their current sleep quality relative to their pre-caregiving sleep. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 19 caregivers participating in a larger, randomized controlled trial. Interviews were about caregivers’ sleep patterns and were conducted after caregivers completed the first 6 months of the study. Interviews were audio-recorded using a videoconferencing platform and ranged from 20 to 45 minutes. We conducted thematic analysis of the interview transcripts. Four distinct caregiver-sleep phenotypes emerged from the qualitative data: Changed and Dissatisfied, Changed and Satisfied, Unchanged and Dissatisfied, and Unchanged and Satisfied. Caregivers whose sleep was categorized as Changed experienced a difference in their pre-caregiving sleep, usually from good to poor sleep. Caregivers whose sleep was Unchanged had poor sleep pre-caregiving and continued to have poor sleep during caregiving. Caregivers also reported being Satisfied or Dissatisfied with their current sleep pattern, defined in terms of daily distress and impairment. These 4 subtypes highlight the heterogeneity of caregivers’ sleep experiences and debut a useful clinical framework with which to identify, categorize, and target caregivers at risk for sleep disturbance. Identifying caregivers’ sleep phenotypes will enable healthcare providers to determine caregivers’ needs and readiness for interventions.
The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Home Based Primary Care Providers in New York: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Gorbenko Ksenia , Franzosa Emily , Masse Sybil , Brody Abraham , Ripp Jonathan , Ornstein Katherine , Federman Alex 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Research on professional burnout during the pandemic has focused on hospital-based health care workers. This study examined the psychological impact of the pandemic on home-based primary care (HBPC) providers. We interviewed 13 participants from six HBPC practices in the New York including medical/clinical directors, program managers, nurse practitioners, and social workers and analyzed the transcripts using inductive qualitative analysis approach. HBPC providers experienced emotional exhaustion and a sense of reduced personal accomplishment. They reported experiencing grief of losing many patients at once and pressure to adapt to changing circumstances quickly. They also reported feeling guilty for failing to protect their patients and reduced confidence in their professional expertise. Strategies to combat burnout included shorter on-call, regular condolence meetings to acknowledge patient deaths, and peer support calls. Our study identifies potential resources to improve the well-being and reduce the risk of burnout among HBPC providers.
Advancing Age Inclusivity in a Pandemic: Age-Friendly University (AFU) Campuses Take Action
Authors: Montepare Joann , Farah Kimberly 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic presented extraordinary challenges for professionals in the aging field across campuses and communities, calling for rethinking and redesigning how their work was structured, their programs were delivered, and their connections were sustained. The pandemic also made clear the value of being an age-friendly institution of higher education, especially as we experience historic changes in age demographics. This symposium features campus leaders representing institutional partners of the Age-Friendly University (AFU) global initiative (endorsed by GSA’s Academy for Gerontology in Higher Education) who will discuss how their age-friendly programs were adapted during the pandemic to continue to advance age inclusivity. These diverse responses exemplify the vast potential of age-friendly opportunities. June and Andreoletti (Central Connecticut State University) will discuss how the Scholars for Life! program supported the engagement of older learners in the neighboring community through the engagement of faculty. Elfenbein (University of North Georgia) will describe how learning experiences for older learners and intergenerational exchange were created beyond the classroom through the Personal Enrichment, Action and Knowledge (PEAK) program. Terhune (Northern Kentucky University) will describe how student support practices and services were adapted to provide working adult students with guidance for navigating their educational needs during the pandemic. Kheirbek (University of Maryland, Baltimore) will describe how age-friendly collaborations with the institution’s medical school leveraged intergenerational connections and technology to foster social connection for hospitalized older adults. Gautam and Melillo (UMass Lowell) discuss how a campus partnership with the Learning in Retirement Association (LIRA) adapted efforts around healthy aging.
Social Work Graduates Entering the Field of Gerontology During COVID-19: Exploring Perceived Readiness and Needs
Authors: Beltran Susanny , Miller Vivian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Gerontological social workers (GSW) are on the frontlines supporting the biopsychosocial needs of older adults in hospitals, communities, and long-term care settings. However, it is unclear whether social workers (SW) are trained to meet the emerging needs of older adults during COVID-19. This study describes training received, perceived readiness, and training needs of GSWs new to the field during 2020. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with recent graduates from U.S. SW programs. Survey questions explored training received and ongoing needs, perceived self-efficacy (adapted from the Geriatric Social Work Competency Scale), demographics, and confidence in ability to work with populations 55+. A total of 15 recent SW graduates specializing in gerontology completed the survey. Fifty-three percent of the sample held MSWs and over half (53.3%) were licensed social workers or registered interns. Nearly all participants (73.3%) reported taking an introductory aging course, and almost half (46.7%) completed coursework in aging and diversity, aging policy, and end-of-life care/bereavement; 80% completed fieldwork in aging. Participants report moderate skill in assessing issues related to losses or transitions (46.7%), and physical functioning (53.3%), and advanced skill in assessing cognitive functioning (60.0%), and caregiver stress/needs (53.3%). Nearly half of respondents who rated their training as good-excellent indicate being very-extremely confident (42.8%) in their ability to practice with older adults. Training needs among participants include disaster preparedness, telehealth, and coordination of scarce resources. Curriculum development and continuing education are necessary to support emerging gerontological social workers in their practice during COVID-19 and other emergencies.
Training Savvy Caregiver Program Group Leaders Through an Online Course
Authors: Hepburn Kenneth , Sherman Carey , Hobday John , Reed Lai 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A significant factor limiting organizations’ implementation of the Savvy Caregiver program, a widely disseminated dementia caregiver psychoeducation course, is the need to provide training to program leaders to ensure their understanding of Savvy core principles and strengthen their teaching and coaching skills. Such training has typically been provided through in-person group sessions led by the Savvy developers. To facilitate broader availability, we have embarked on an NIA-supported program to develop a fully online self-paced Savvy train-the-trainer course. The course, delivered individually on a widely used teaching platform, is in seven sections: the first introduces Savvy principles and the trainer role; the next six cover the content and teaching strategies of each of Savvy’s six sessions. In the first development phase, 33 individuals from 13 organizations across the country took part in training (average age 49.5; almost all college level or professional women). Qualitative interviews with 11 trainees and debriefing sessions with others yielded consistently positive responses: the training enhanced their own appreciation for caregiving; they endorsed the self-paced learning and; and it established expectations for positive benefits of Savvy for caregivers. Trainees’ feedback has led to several improvements, including resolving reported technical glitches (e.g., navigating the course). New videos illustrating group delivery methods have been added. Fidelity monitoring strategies are supported as organizations have been encouraged to augment the online training by convening meetings of trainees while in training to enable role playing, and greater personalization is achieved via post-training Zoom meetings with trainees and the Savvy training team staff.
Does Religiosity in the Transition to Adulthood Predict Filial Norms in Midlife?
Authors: Kim Jeung Hyun , Hwang Woosang , Brown Maria , Silverstein Merril 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to identify multiple dimensions of religiosity among young adults at the beginning and end of the transition to adulthood, and describe how transition patterns of religiosity in early adulthood are associated with filial elder-care norms in midlife. Background: There is a broad consensus that religiosity is multidimensional in nature, but less is known regarding transitions in multiple dimensions of religiosity from early to middle adulthood and predicted filial eldercare norms as a function of those religiosity transitions. Methods: The sample consisted of 368 young adults participating in the Longitudinal Study of Generations in 2000 (mean age = 23 years) and 2016 waves. We conducted a latent class and latent transition analyses to address our aims. Results: We identified three religious latent classes among young adults in both 2000 and 2016 waves: strongly religious, weakly religious, and doctrinally religious. Staying strongly religious young adults between 2000 to 2016 waves reported higher filial elder-care norms in the 2016 Wave than those who were in staying weakly religious, staying doctrinally religious, and decreasing religiosity transition patterns between 2000 to 2016 waves. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that religiosity is still an important value for young adults shaping their intergenerational relationships with their aging parents. Keywords: religiosity, filial eldercare norms, young adults, transition to adulthood
Ethical and Methodological Considerations Interviewing Dementia Caregivers
Authors: Cotton Quinton , Block Laura , Benson Clark , Friz Amanda , Chelgren Britta , Stroik Brady , Ploch Emily , Bykovskyi Andrea Gilmore 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Greater inclusion of people living with dementia (PLWD) and their caregivers in research is a global research priority and an expressed priority of dementia advocacy organizations. Absent inclusion of PLWD and caregivers, our understanding of dementia-related experiences and optimization of care and caregiving interventions is stymied. Qualitative interviewing techniques constitutes a primary method for obtaining PLWD and caregivers’ perspectives. Yet, there is little guidance on use of qualitative interviewing techniques among PLWD and caregivers or discussion of potential challenges encountered, despite unique vulnerabilities faced throughout the research process, which may be further heightened among historically excluded groups. Meaningful progress toward inclusion of PLWD and their caregivers in dementia research necessitates broader examination of associated methodological and ethical considerations that arise in the conduct of interviews. Drawing from a large multi-site qualitative study of dementia caregivers with exposure to high levels of social disadvantage, we used a multiple-triangulation qualitative approach across interview transcripts, memos, and interviewer discussions to identify methodological and ethical challenges that arose during the interviewing process. Challenges were identified across all phases of research, and included relational concerns with PLWD and family members due to disclosure of sensitive information, risk of re-traumatization in discussing past experiences, multiple roles of caregivers with conflicting perspectives, variable recall capacity, limited prior appraisal of caregiving, and request of interviewers for medical advice or selecting services . We outline events evidencing these challenges and proposed strategies (i.e. use of research consults, interview debriefing) to strengthen research capacity to anticipate and respond to them.
Discrimination, Church Support, Personal Mastery, and Psychological Distress Among Black People in the United States
Authors: Muruthi James , Muruthi Bertranna , Cañas Reid Thompson , Romero Lindsey , Taiwo Abiola , Ehlinger Peter 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective: This study used the stress process model to test the mediating effects of personal mastery and moderating effects of church-based social support on the relationship between everyday discrimination and psychological distress across three age groups of African American and Afro-Caribbean adults. Methods: Using a national sample of 5008 African Americans and Afro-Caribbean adults from the National Survey of American Life Study, this study employs structural equation modeling to investigate the relationships between everyday discrimination, personal mastery, church-based social support, and psychological disorders. Results: Everyday discrimination was an independent predictor of psychiatric disorders across all groups. Group- and age-specific comparisons revealed significant differences in the experience of everyday discrimination and psychiatric disorders. Mastery was a partial mediator of the relationship between discimination and psychiatric disorder among Afro-Caribbeans while church support was a significant moderator only among the young and older African Americans. Implications: Together, our study findings provide useful first steps towards developing interventions to reduce the adverse psychological impacts of everyday discrimination on African Americans and Afro-Caribbeans. Intervention efforts such as individual psychotherapy aimed to improve Afro-Caribbean individuals’ sense of mastery would be a partial solution to alleviating the adverse effects of discrimination on their psychological health.
Looking Beyond Family for Support and Intimacy: How Older Single and Widowed Black Women Cope With Loneliness
Authors: Salisu Margaret 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Older adults are at risk of depression and higher rates of suicide due to loneliness. Loneliness is even more pronounced for single and bereaved older adults. Although loneliness is one of the benchmarks for measuring well-being, little is known about how older Black women understand and cope with loneliness. The aim of this qualitative phenomenological study is to explore how older Black women understand and cope with loneliness. Fourteen older single and/or widowed Black women in New York City participated in this study. The application of the Black feminist standpoint theory helped to understand the loneliness of the participants in the context of their Blackness. Three themes emerged from the study: loneliness increasing with age, looking beyond the family for intimacy, and balance. All the participants expressed feeling some degree of loneliness, regardless of whether they lived alone or with family. Although they had robust social circles, they experienced loneliness, feelings of isolation, and a loss of emotional connection and intimacy. However, these losses went unexpressed, as the participants struggled to balance their position as Black matriarchs—which they considered an important familial role due to their identity as older Black women—with their emotional needs. These two roles did not converge for the women, as the role of Black matriarch posed an expectation they would not experience emotional loss in old age. The implications of this study for policy and practice pertain to the intersection of race, age, gender, and sexuality in assessing the risk of loneliness.
Innovations in Workforce Education for Family Caregiving
Authors: Sexson Kathryn , Mongoven Jennifer , Badovinac Lisa , Harvath Theresa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The number of adults providing care to a family member in the US is estimated at more than 50 million, with nearly half of those individuals providing complex care. National organizations, such as AARP, and federal programs, such as the Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Program, have identified the family caregiver as an integral member of the health care team, yet there is a paucity of clinical workforce education programs for how best to partner and support family caregivers. A virtual summit was held in September 2020 to highlight existing educational programs designed to prepare undergraduate and graduate health professional students or practicing clinicians in their efforts to support family caregivers. The meeting consisted of a keynote, 6 podium presentations and 12 poster presentations. Primary themes emerged around target learners, curricula topics, and outcomes. Programs targeted learners from across the workforce, from undergraduate students to continuing professional education programs, with the majority targeting graduate (masters and doctoral) learners. Several programs were interprofessional in development, delivery and target learner. Curricula topics varied across programs and included caregiver assessments, multicultural considerations, communication, care plan development and risk screening. Education outcomes primarily focused on assessment of participants’ confidence and knowledge. The summit highlighted that the topic of family caregiving is included in clinical education inconsistently, if at all. The summit helped identify gaps in education, curriculum development, and the need for common learning outcomes to strengthen a clinician’s ability to support family caregivers as part of the care team.
Intergenerational Service-Learning During COVID-19
Authors: Shovali Tamar 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Mentor Up is a technology training program designed to reduce loneliness through technology training and intergenerational relationships. The program, which has similarities to Cyber Seniors, has been held at Eckerd College for four years and has traditionally been held in-person at a local Continuing Care Retirement Community (CCRC). During the pandemic we partnered with AARP to re-think the program and offer a modified version of Mentor Up on Zoom. Five one-hour one-on-one virtual technology training sessions led by 16 students were scheduled. Participants joined to ask questions about how to use features on their smartphones or how to navigate the Zoom virtual platform more effectively. The remote nature of programming allows for expanded 2021 participation, including AARP members across Florida and all three Westminster Communities of Florida in the area (CCRC, ALF, SNF). Participation rates, strategies to implement intergenerational programs on a virtual platform, and lessons learned will be highlighted.
Voice Your Values, Tailored Advance Care Planning in Persons Living With Mild Dementia: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Vellani Shirin , Puts Martine , McGilton Katherine , Iaboni Andrea 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Older adults diagnosed with mild dementia can identify their wishes, values and goals of care with a high degree of accuracy and reliability. However, there is a paucity of research to guide best practices on how to incorporate Advance Care Planning (ACP) in the care of older adults living with mild dementia. Thus, only a minority of them participate in any ACP discussions. We developed an intervention called Voice Your Values (VYV) that healthcare professionals can implement to identify and document values of older adults. This single group pretest and posttest design aimed to determine the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of the intervention. A convenience sample of 20 dyads of older adults and their trusted individuals were recruited from 4 geriatric clinics. Tailored VYV intervention was delivered to dyads on a one-on-one basis over two sessions using videoconferencing. Feasibility was determined through recruitment and retention rates, and intervention fidelity. Acceptability was assessed using modified Treatment Evaluation Inventory. Primary outcome was the Surrogate Decision-Making Confidence Scale. Secondary outcomes included an ACP engagement survey to assess older adults’ engagement in ACP; Dementia Knowledge Assessment Tool for trusted individuals; and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale for all participants. The recruitment rate was 45%, retention rate was 100% and 92% participants rated VYV as highly acceptable. Trusted individuals showed statistically significant improvement in decision-making confidence (p=.02) and psychological distress (p=.02); but no improvement in dementia knowledge (p=.47). Older adults demonstrated statistically significant improvement in ACP engagement (p=&lt;.01). Initial feasibility of VYV was demonstrated.
A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing Younger and Older Nursing Home Residents in Western Canada
Authors: Shieu Bianca , Schwartz Todd , Beeber Anna , Hoben Matthias , Toles Mark , Anderson Ruth 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Specialized care for younger nursing home (NH) residents may be necessary to meet their unique health and quality of life needs; however, key attributes of younger NH residents are poorly understood and limit the development of effective, tailored interventions. This study described differences in clinical and nonclinical characteristics of younger vs. older nursing NH residents. In a retrospective cohort study, we used SPSS and analyzed comprehensive Resident Assessment Instrument – Minimum Data Set (RAI-MDS 2.0) data from NHs in Western Canada, for the period from January 2016 to December 2017. We included all assessments (full and abbreviated) performed quarterly. These findings indicated that younger (age 18-64) vs. older (age &gt;=65) NH residents differed considerably: younger residents were predominately male, single, more obese, more depressed, had higher prevalence of depression, cerebral vascular accident, and hemi- or quadriplegia, and required more assistance in activities of daily living than older residents. The findings will contribute a better comprehension of the characteristics of the younger NH population and how they differ from other residents. The study provides useful information to policymakers, providers, and researchers to guide them in developing tailored policies, programs, and interventions. Also, findings may guide consumers as they plan for long-term care needs of loved ones. Finally, the findings provide a baseline estimate as researchers continue to track the growth of and changes in, the populations served in nursing homes.