bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinspired functionally graded composite assembled using cellulose nanocrystals and genetically engineered proteins with controlled biomineralization
Authors: Mohammadi Pezhman , Gandier Julie-Anne , Nonappa Nonappa , Wagermaier Wolfgang , Miserez Ali , Penttilä Merja 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Nature provides unique insights into design strategies evolved by living organisms to construct robust materials with a combination of mechanical properties that are challenging to replicate synthetically. Hereby, inspired by the impact-resistant dactyl club of the stomatopod, we rationally designed and produced a mineralized biocomposite in the complex-shapes of dental implant crowns exhibiting high strength, stiffness, and fracture toughness. This material consists of an expanded helicoidal organization of cellulose nano-crystals (CNCs) mixed with genetically-engineered proteins that regulate both binding to CNCs, as well as in situ growth of reinforcing apatite crystals. Critically, the structural properties emerge from controlled self-assembly across multiple length scales regulated by rational engineering and phase separation of the protein components. This work replicates multiscale biomanufacturing of a model biological material and also offers an innovative platform to synthesize multi-functional biocomposites whose properties can be finely regulated by colloidal self-assembly and engineering of its constitutive protein building blocks.
Curative Role of Dithiophenolato Titanium (IV)-Chitosan Nanocomposite Complex Against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injuries
Authors: Shaban Nadia Z , Yehiaa Salah A , Awad Doaa , Shaban Shaban Y , Saleh Samar R 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

Titanium-based compounds have been incorporated as promising antineoplastic metals. In our previous studies, dithiophenolato titanium (IV) Complex "DBT" and its chitosan nanocomposite "DBT-CSNPs" were prepared and we showed that these compounds have antibacterial activities, cytotoxic, and have abilities to bind with DNA helixes. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the LD50 values of dithiophenolato titanium (IV)-complex (DBT) and its high thermal stable chitosan nanoparticles (DBT-CSNPs). Then their therapeutic effects against liver injuries induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) were assessed and compared with cisplatin treatment. Additionally, the anti-proliferative activity of DBT and DBT-CSNPs against human liver cancer (HepG2) cell lines through the analysis of the cell cycle was evaluated.
Methods

Nine groups of rats were prepared: normal, DBT, DBT-CSNPs, CSNPs, CCl4, CCl4-DBT, CCl4-DBT-CSNPs, CCl4-CSNPs and CCl4-cisplatin. Liver histopathology and the biochemical markers involving oxidative stress, apoptosis, liver and kidney functions, and lipid profile were determined.
Results

The results revealed that the treatment with DBT-CSNPs and DBT after CCl4 administration abolished liver damage since it reduced the apoptosis induced by CCl4 via the reduction of DNA fragmentation, Bax and caspase- 8 with an elevation of Bcl2 and Bcl2/Bax ratio. Also, these treatments caused nonsignificant changes in the markers of oxidative stress. Therefore, liver histopathology and functions, lipid profile, and kidney functions were improved. Cisplatin treatment reduced liver injury with a degree less than DBT-CSNPs and DBT, but it induced nephrotoxicity. Administration of DBT-CSNPs and DBT to healthy rats for 14 days has no adverse effect. Also, the results showed that DBT-CSNPs and DBT inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells by arresting cells in the G2/M phase and inducing cell death.
Conclusion

DBT-CSNPs and DBT have a therapeutic effect against CCl4-induced liver injuries via the reduction of apoptosis induced by CCl4. Moreover, both compounds have antineoplastic activities against the HepG2 cell line. In all cases, DBT-CSNPs have a greater effect due to their nanostructure. Therefore, both compounds can be used in the pharmacological fields, particularly DBT-CSNPs.
Public awareness and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine: An online cross-sectional survey, conducted in the first phase of vaccination drive in India
Authors: Suresh Arumuganainar , Konwarh Rocktotpal , Singh Anand Pratap , Tiwari Anand Krishna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The context-specific, complex issue of ‘vaccine hesitancy’ is explicated in terms of delay or refusal of vaccination despite the availability of vaccine services. Although eleven million beneficiaries were administered the COVID-19 vaccine in India from 16th January 2021 till 20th February 2021, however, proportionately a low turnout has been registered in various parts of the country, possibly attributable to hesitance/apprehension towards the current vaccination. In this backdrop, we report the response (collected between Feb 1, 2021 and Feb 15, 2021) of 358 voluntary respondents who participated in an online questionnaire-based pan-India survey, executed to assess their knowledge and acceptance towards the current COVID-19 vaccination program in its first phase. The survey questionnaire consisted of demographic characteristics of the respondents and queries pertaining to knowledge (7 items) and acceptance (3 items). The overall correct rate and the average knowledge score of the participants were 78 % and 5.46 ± 1.4/7 respectively. The acceptance score was 3.50 ± 1.6/5 while 70 % of participants agreed against the 20 % of respondents who neither agreed nor disagreed to take the vaccine. Around 66 % believed that the vaccines, currently being administered in India are safe. Fear about possible side effects (44 %) and inadequacy of comprehensive clinical trial data (29 %), seemed to be the major players in fortifying the vaccine hesitancy among the respondents, exhibiting negative acceptance. Although maximum respondents demonstrated a good level of knowledge (82%) and acceptance (88%), significant differences were observed among some demographic variables. In general, a positive correlation was observed between knowledge and acceptance against a negative correlation, observed in specific provinces. Despite the good acceptance and knowledge, a considerable fraction of the participants (30%) expressed hesitancy. Counselling, mobilization, and feedback from vaccinated individuals about safety should be encouraged. However, due to the limited sample size, we must be cautious when generalizing these findings. Nevertheless, the major elucidations of this study may be utilized in planning vaccination campaigns in further phases.
Persistence and Degradation Pattern of Acequinocyl and Its Metabolite, Hydroxyl-acequinocyl and Fenpyroximate in Butterburs (Petasites Japonicus Max.)
Authors: Kim Leesun , Choi Geun-Hyoung , Noh Hyun Ho , Kim Taek-Gyum , Choi Dal-Soon , Kyung Kee Sung , Ro Jin-Ho 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Degradation patterns and persistence of acequinocyl and its metabolite, hydroxyl-acequinocyl (acequinocyl-OH), and fenpyroximate residues in butterburs (Petasites japonicus Max.), one of the minor crops in Republic of Korea, were investigated during cultivation. Butterburs were planted in two plots (plot A for double dose; plot B for single dose) in a greenhouse. Each pesticide was applied to the foliage of butterburs at hourly intervals. Recoveries of acequinocyl and acequinocyl-OH were 78.6%−84.7% ± relative standard deviation (RSD) 1.9%−4.8% and 83.7%−95.5% ± RSD 1.0%−3.6%, respectively. The total (Ʃ) of acequinocyl residues in butterburs disappeared by 96.0% at 14 days after the final application in plot A and by 75.9% at 7 days in plot B. The biological half-life of the total (Ʃ) acequinocyl and fenpyroximate was 3.0 days and 4.0 days respectively. These results were used for setting maximum residue levels and safe use standards for the pesticide during butterbur cultivation. The risk assessment showed that the maximum % acceptable daily intake was 4.71% for Ʃ acequinocyl and 8.81% for fenpyroximate. The theoretical maximum daily intake of Ʃ acequinocyl and fenpyroximate were 24.02% and 15.24%, respectively, indicating the concentrations of Ʃ acequinocyl and fenpyroximate in butterburs pose no health risks to Koreans.
Assessment of Intention to Use Contraceptive Methods With Spatial Distributions and Associated Factors Among Women in Ethiopia: Evidence From EDHS 2016
Authors: Gilano Girma , Hailegebreal Samuel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Modern contraceptive methods have immense influences on the health of mothers and their children. Using contraceptive methods is seen to control family size and unnecessary pregnancies. And it leads to peaceful and known family status. Considering different factors like resources and various cultural aspects, assessing the intention to use might bring areas with these problems into the light to act on them. Methods: We used multilevel logistic regression and spatial analysis techniques to the data from the 2016 Ethiopian demographic health survey. We downloaded the data from the EDHS website after the approval of the request for the data. We pooled the data to assess the intention to use contraceptive methods among 15-49 age women. After applying bivariate and multilevel binary logistic regression, we presented the information on Community and Individual level using tables, figures, and spatial distribution. We applied a p-value <0.05 and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Result: the intention to use contraceptive methods was 44.11%. Spatially, we found intention to use contraception highly clustered in North and Western Ethiopia. The average number of children (4.5±2.9), age at first cohabitation (16.9±3.99), and the ideal number of children (4.77±2.0). Some other factors associated with intention to use contraceptive methods were age, education, the information was given by health facility, age at first cohabitation, the ideal number of children, Wealth status, and Regions that were significant.Conclusion: We observed various distributions among regions. Education status and various socio-cultural aspects need serious considerations to increase the intention to use contraceptive methods. Besides the efforts done, policy decisions might need to consider this finding and uphill the intervention against associated factors like socio-cultural and demographic variables in those areas.
Evaluation of Four-Hand Reduction for Obturator Hernia with the Guidance of Sonography (FROGS) As a New Treatment Strategy for Obturator Hernia: A Single-Center Study
Authors: Togawa Yuki , Kamihata Kyohei , Nagahisa Yoshio , Kawamoto Kazuyuki 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

Obturator hernia is an uncommon but important cause of intestinal obstruction. Delayed treatment can be fatal. Emergency surgery is considered the most effective treatment; however, patients with obturator hernia usually have comorbidities, which precludes them from emergency surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Four-hand Reduction for Obturator hernia with the Guidance of Sonography (FROGS) as a new treatment strategy for obturator hernia.
Methods

Since November 2019, we have tried FROGS in all patients with obturator hernia at the emergency room. All the patients were female. We retrospectively compared the clinical data of 14 patients who underwent FROGS (after-FROGS group) with those of 23 patients who did not (before-FROGS group).
Results

No significant differences were observed in age, lesion side, duration of symptoms, the diameter of the prolapsed bowel, and predisposing factors. The body mass index was significantly lower in the after-FROGS group than in the before-FROGS group. Manual reduction was successfully performed in all 14 patients in the FROGS group, whereas in the before-FROGS group, 14 patients underwent manual reduction, of whom only one was successfully treated using the non-FROGS method. Bowel resection was avoided in all 14 patients in the after-FROGS group, whereas 8 patients underwent bowel resection in the before-FROGS group. There were no significant differences in postoperative complications and mortality within 30 days after hernia presentation between the two groups.
Conclusion

Manual reduction with FROGS was found to be safe and reproducible and can be the first treatment choice for obturator hernia.
Predicting Humification Degree of Organic Solid Waste During Aerobic Fermentation Using Designated Bacterial Community
Authors: Yang Hong-Yu , Zhang Shu-Bo , Zhao Yue , Xie Xin-Yu , Wei Zi-min , Zhang Xu , Chen Xiao-Meng , Qiu Wu-Jun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background: Microbe is the driver for disposing of organic solid waste (OSW) during aerobic fermentation. Notwithstanding, the significance of microbe is always underestimated in numerous preceding studies about the aerobic fermentation products assessment. Results: Here, we investigate the humification degree (HD) and humic acid content could be assessed in terms of the bacterial community. Microbial sequencing and bioinformatics approaches are combined to analyze the biological characteristics of 105 aerobic fermentation samples collected. The bacterial communities could make predictions, which even correctly determines the categories of OSWs with 94% accuracy. Furthermore, the bacterial genera screened are designated as the bacterial code, which is substituted into the Random forest model to predict HD. And the bacteria codes can also provide a better prediction of the HD. Conclusions: Our result suggested that bacteria codes a reliable biological method is proposed to assess HD effectively. Our experiment not only proves that the aerobic fermentation can be revealed by biological means. The bacterial codes can also be used as an ecological and biological indicator to evaluate the quality of the aerobic fermentation of different materials. This study further provides new insights on the use of microbe to evaluate the content of various substances during the degradation process of OSWs.
Internet-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Premenstrual Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Borji-Navan Sanam , Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi Sakineh , Esmaeilpour Khalil , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Ahmadian-Khooinarood Ali 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a common problem among women of reproductive age, affecting various aspects of their lives. There are very limited studies investigating the effect of Internet-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (ICBT) on PMS. We aimed to investigate the effect of ICBT on symptom severity of women suffering from PMS and their quality of life in the perimenstrual and late follicular periods. Methods: Ninety-two university students aged 18-35 years with moderate to severe PMS were allocated into two groups of 46 using block randomization. The intervention group underwent ICBT for two menstrual cycles, while the control group received no intervention. All participants filled the Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP) for two menstrual cycles and the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire - Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) on days 1-2 and 11-13 of the menstrual cycle pre- and post-intervention. Data were analyzed using univariate general linear models. Results: Four students in the intervention group were lost to follow-up. Post-interventionally, the mean score of total PMS symptoms was significantly lower in the intervention group than the control group (10.4 vs. 20.2, adjusted difference: -9.9 [95% CI: -13.3 to -6.6]) and perimenstrual quality of life was significantly higher (64.2 vs. 50.3, 14.1 [8.5 to 19.8]). However, there was no significant intergroup difference in the late follicular quality of life (68.3 vs. 67.3, 1.9 [-4.4 to 8.1]). Conclusions: Internet-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy could effectively reduce PMS symptom severity and improve perimenstrual quality of life, with no significant effect on the late follicular quality of life. Trial registration: The Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, Identifier: IRCT20100414003706N34, Registered 19 June 2019, https://www.irct.ir/trial/38394
Investigation of Hydrochemical Parameters of Water Resources in Kamarderaz Anticline Plunge in the Southwest of IRAN
Authors: Aranki Seyed Yahya Mirzaee , asl Sorour Mazrae , Vardanjani Hosein Karimi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Changes in the quality of karstic water resources affected by the proximity to sources of salinity such as evaporate formations and oil brine pose major challenges to such water resources, especially in Khuzestan province, Iran. The karstic water resources of the Kamarderaz anticline plunge in Izeh city in Khuzestan province have hampered water supply management in the region. To determine water quality and the causes of water salinity in the study area, the hydrochemical parameters of the existing water resources were accordingly evaluated. To conduct hydrochemical studies, 21 samples were collected from different water sources of Kamarderaz anticline plunge in 2017–2018. To analyze the garnered data, Piper and Durov diagrams, composite graphs, ion exchange graphs, ion correlation diagrams, salinity source diagrams and ion ratios were used. The results showed that SO42−, Cl−, and Ca2+ in the water resources of the study area were likely due to several sources including carbonate minerals, gypsum dissolution, anhydrite, halite as well as oil brine. Besides, Br/Cl, I/Cl ion ratios as well as Br-Cl and SO4-Cl diagrams revealed the mixing of karstic freshwater with oil brine in the region. The result of TOC analysis also showed that hydrocarbon materials were present in the well of Atabaki (WT). Moreover, elemental sulfur and sulfur isotope analysis showed that the process of thermochemical sulfate reduction or bacterial sulfate reduction in the presence of hydrocarbons produced H2S gas, and eventually penetrated the WT and WH1.
The first report of co-existence of pulmonary tuberculosis and lung malignancy in a kidney transplant recipient. A case report and literature review
Authors: Fang Gang , Cheng Ning-Chang , Huang Li-Li , Xie Wei-Ping , Hu Chun-Mei , Chen Wei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

Along with the medical development, organ transplant patients increase dramatically. Since these transplant patients take immunosuppressants for a long term, their immune functions are in a suppressed state, prone to all kinds of opportunistic infections and cancer. However, it is rarely reported that the kidney transplant recipient (KTR) had pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer simultaneously.
Case presentations:

A 60-year-old male was admitted because of persistent lung shadow for two years without any obvious symptom eight years after renal transplant. T-SPOT test was positive but other etiological examinations for Mycobacterium tuberculosis were negative. Chest CT scan revealed two pulmonary lesions in the right upper and lower lobe. 18F-fluorodesoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET) CT found FDG intake increased in both pulmonary consolidation lesions. CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy revealed lung adenocarcinoma and tuberculosis. The video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was operated to resect the malignancy lesions. The patient received specific anti-tuberculosis therapy and was discharged. At the follow-up of 6 months post drug withdrawal, the patient was recovered very well.
Conclusion

We for the first time reported co-existence of culture-negative pulmonary TB and lung adenocarcinoma in a KTR, which highlighted the clinical awareness of co-occurrence of TB and malignancy after renal transplant and emphasized the value of biopsy and 18F-FDG-PET in early diagnosis of TB and cancer.
An Innovative Step-up DC-DC Converter for Fuel Cell-based Power Source to Decrease Current Ripple and Increase Voltage Gain with Low Stress and Switch Counts
Authors: Falehi Ali Darvish , Salary Ebrahim 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
As for the insufficient nature of the fossil fuel resources, the renewable energies as alternative fuels are much needed and highly heeded. To deliver the required electric power to the industrial and domestic consumers from DC renewable energy sources like Fuel Cell (FC), the power converter operates as an adjustable interface device. This paper suggests a new boost structure to provide the required voltage with wide range gain for FC power source. The proposed structure based on the boost converter and the quazi network, so-called SBQN, can effectively enhance the FC functionality against its high operational sensitivity to experience low current ripple, and also propagate voltage and current with low stress across its semiconductors. Furthermore, the switching power losses have been decreased to make this structure more durable. Full operational analysis of the proposed SBQN and its advantages over the conventional and famous structures has been compared and explained. To more evaluate the high-step up voltage capability of the proposed SBQN and validate the simulations results, a prototype of the single-phase converter has been constructed and tested in the laboratory.
Microstructure and Durability Properties of Lightweight and High-Performance Sustainable Cement-Based Composites with Rice Husk Ash
Authors: Kaplan Gökhan , Elmekahal Mohamed A.Salem 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Sustainable solutions are investigated to reduce the environmental damage caused by greenhouse gases and CO2 emissions. Cement is a construction material responsible for greenhouse gases and CO2 emissions. Thus, CO2 emissions are reduced by using replacement materials such as rice husk ash instead of cement. This study investigated the durability and mechanical properties of lightweight and high-performance, sustainable cement-based composites. A foaming agent was used to reducing the unit weight of the mixtures. Also, pumice powder (PP) and rice husk ash (RHA) were used to improve cement-based composites' durability and mechanical properties. The density of mixtures varies between 1666–2205 kg/m3. The early age strength of the mixes using 12.5% RHA has increased. The mixtures' compressive strength (91-days) with 25% RHA and 50% PP was 46.6 MPa. As the PP content of mixes increased, drying shrinkage values increased. Expansions decrease as the initial compressive strength increases in mixtures exposed to sulfate. As RHA and PP's ratio increased, weight loss decreased in mixes exposed to HCl, while weight loss increased in mixes exposed to H2SO4. It was determined that the content of CH(OH)2 is important in mixes exposed to HCl, and impermeability is important in mixes exposed to H2SO4. It has been observed that the initial compressive strength is also important in mixes exposed to the freeze-thaw effect. As the foam content of the mixes increased, the compressive strength decreased while the drying shrinkage increased. As a result, using up to 25% RHA has increased the performance of cement-based composites.