bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First-Pass Reperfusion by Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute M1 Occlusion: The Size of Retriever Matters
Authors: Serna Candel Carmen , Aguilar Pérez Marta , Bäzner Hansjörg , Henkes Hans , Hellstern Victoria 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Single-pass complete reperfusion using stent retrievers has been shown to improve functional outcome in patients with large vessel occlusion strokes. The aim of this study was to investigate the optimal size of stent retrievers to achieve one-pass complete reperfusion by mechanical thrombectomy.Methods: The study evaluated the results of aspiration-assisted mechanical thrombectomy of acute isolated occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in the M1 segment with a novel 5 × 40-mm stent retriever compared to the usual 4 × 20-mm device. Reperfusion status was quantified using the Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (TICI) scale. We hypothesized that thrombectomy of M1 occlusions with 5 × 40-mm stent retriever yields higher rates of complete first-pass reperfusion (FP) (TICI ≥2c after one pass) and successful or modified FP (mFP) (TICI ≥2b after one pass) than thrombectomy with 4 × 20. We included isolated M1 occlusions treated with pRESET 5 × 40 (phenox) as first-choice device for thrombectomy and compared with M1 occlusions treated with pRESET 4 × 20. We excluded patients with additional occlusions or tandem stenosis or who received an intracranial stent or angioplasty as a part of the endovascular treatment.Results: One hundred thirteen patients were included in the 4 × 20 group and 57 patients in the 5 × 40 group. The 5 × 40 group achieved higher FP compared to 4 × 20 group [61.4% (35 of 57 patients) vs. 40.7% (46 of 113), respectively; adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 2.20 (1.08–4.48), p = 0.030] and a higher mFP [68.4%, 39 of 57 patients vs. 48.7%, 55 of 113; adjusted OR (95% CI) = 2.11 (1.04–4.28), p = 0.037]. Frequency of successful reperfusion (TICI ≥2b) was similar in both groups (100 vs. 97.3%), but frequency of complete reperfusion (TICI ≥2c) was higher in the 5 × 40 group [82.5 vs. 61.9%, adjusted OR (95% CI) = 2.47 (1.01–6.04), p = 0.047]. Number of passes to achieve reperfusion was lower in the 5 × 40 group than in the 4 × 20 group [1.6 ± 1.1 vs. 2 ± 1.4, p = 0.033; adjusted incidence rate ratio (95% CI) = 0.84 (0.69–1.03), p = 0.096]. Modified Rankin scale at 90 days was similar in 5 × 40 and 4 × 20 groups.Conclusions: The size of stent retriever matters in acute M1 occlusions treated with aspiration-assisted mechanical thrombectomy. A longer stent retriever with a larger nominal diameter achieves a higher complete and successful FP and higher successful reperfusion compared to a shorter stent retriever.
Epidural Analgesia With or Without Oxytocin, but Not Oxytocin Alone, Administered During Birth Disturbs Infant Pre-feeding and Sucking Behaviors and Maternal Oxytocin Levels in Connection With a Breastfeed Two Days Later
Authors: Takahashi Yuki , Uvnäs-Moberg Kerstin , Nissen Eva , Lidfors Lena , Ransjö-Arvidson Anna-Berit , Jonas Wibke 
Published: June 2021

AimsThis work aimed to study consequences of medical interventions in connection with birth on infant pre-feeding and feeding behaviors and on maternal oxytocin levels in connection with a breastfeed 2 days later.Materials and MethodsMothers and their full-term newborns (n= 41) were videotaped during a breastfeed 2 days after birth. Duration and quality of rooting [Infant Breastfeeding Assessment Tool (IBFAT)] were assessed. Maternal blood samples were collected, oxytocin levels were analyzed, and mean oxytocin level and variance were calculated. Data on medical interventions during birth, number of breastfeedings, and infant weight loss since birth were recorded. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models.ResultsThe duration of infant rooting was significantly shorter when the mother had received epidural analgesia. The shorter the duration of infant rooting, the more often infants had breastfed and the greater was the infant weight loss since birth. Mothers with epidural analgesiawithoxytocin had the lowest oxytocin mean levels in connection with a breastfeed. Oxytocin variance correlated positively with quality of rooting and correlated negatively with infant weight loss. In the control group alone, we found similar patterns of associations with oxytocin levels.ConclusionEpidural analgesia and epidural analgesiawithoxytocin infusion in connection with birth negatively influenced infant rooting behavior and maternal mean oxytocin levels, respectively. Oxytocin infusion alone was without effect. The data also suggest that infants who suck well stimulate oxytocin release more efficiently, as expressed by a high oxytocin variance, leading to a better stimulation of milk production and consequently to a reduced infant weight loss 2 days after birth.
Age-Dependent Association Between Elevated Homocysteine and Cognitive Impairment in a Post-stroke Population: A Prospective Study
Authors: Zhou Shengnan , Chen Jiahao , Cheng Lin , Fan Kaili , Xu Minjie , Ren Wenwei , Chen Yunbin , Geng Dandan , Cheng Haoran , Luan Xiaoqian , Song Jiaying , Lin Gangqiang , Huang Guiqian , He Jincai 
Published: June 2021

Background and Purpose: The results regarding the independent association between homocysteine (Hcy) levels and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) were inconsistent. The effect of age on this association has yet to be explored. This study aims to determine the relationship between Hcy levels, age, and cognitive impairment in a post-stroke population.Methods: A total of 592 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) completed follow-up. Serum Hcy levels were measured enzymatically by spectrophotometry within 24 h of admission. Cognitive function was evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) 1 month after stroke, and the scores ≤ 24 were considered as cognitive impairment. Our study was dichotomized into two groups by a cut-off of 65 years. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the association between baseline Hcy levels and cognitive impairment.Results: According to the MMSE score, 317 (53.5%) patients had cognitive impairment. Patients with higher levels of Hcy were more prone to have cognitive impairment 1 month after stroke than patients with lower levels of Hcy (p &lt; 0.001). The optimal cut-off points of Hcy level (μmol/L) were (T1) ≤ 8, (T2) 8–12, and (T3) ≥ 12. After adjusting for confounding factors, the multivariate regression analysis showed that the third Hcy tertile was independently associated with cognitive impairment [odds ratio (OR) = 2.057, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.133–3.735, p = 0.018). A stronger association [T2 (OR = 2.266, 95% CI = 1.042–4.926, p = 0.039); T3 (OR =3.583, 95% CI = 1.456–8.818, p = 0.005)] was found in the younger group. However, the independent association was not confirmed in the older group.Conclusions: Elevated Hcy levels in the acute phase of ischemic stroke were independently associated with cognitive impairment in a post-stroke population. Furthermore, the association was age-dependent and more meaningful in a younger population aged below 65. So, Hcy levels in patients with stroke should be well-monitored, especially in younger patients.
The Utility of Gallbladder Absence on Ultrasound for Children With Biliary Atresia
Authors: Ho Andrea , Sacks Marla A. , Sapra Amita , Khan Faraz A. 
Published: June 2021

Background: Biliary Atresia (BA) is congenital condition, where infant intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts become obliterated, leading to cholestasis, and cirrhosis if untreated. This study aims to assess the predictive measure of absent gallbladder on ultrasounds (US) performed in infants with cholestasis for diagnosing BA.Method: After Institutional Review Board approval, retrospective chart reviews of 61 infants with cholestasis found 43 (70.5%) were diagnosed with BA. A pediatric radiologist provided interpretations of all ultrasounds in a blinded fashion. Statistical analysis was used to assess the utility of absence of gallbladder on US in predicting BA, confirmed intraoperatively.Results: Absent gallbladder on US predicts absent gallbladder with 77% accuracy, 92% sensitivity, 73% specificity, PPV 43%, and NPV 97% (P &lt; 0.001, Fisher exact test). To diagnose BA, absent gallbladder on US has 66% accuracy, 53% sensitivity, 94% specificity, 96% PPV, and 46% NPV (P &lt; 0.001, Fisher exact test).Conclusion: Sonographic gallbladder absence has high specificity and PPV, indicating utility for BA diagnosis; however, it is not useful for ruling out BA given its low sensitivity.
The Population Pharmacokinetics of Meropenem in Adult Patients With Rifampicin-Sensitive Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Abulfathi Ahmed A. , de Jager Veronique , van Brakel Elana , Reuter Helmuth , Gupte Nikhil , Vanker Naadira , Barnes Grace L. , Nuermberger Eric , Dorman Susan E. , Diacon Andreas H. , Dooley Kelly E. , Svensson Elin M. 
Published: June 2021

Background: Meropenem is being investigated for repurposing as an anti-tuberculosis drug. This study aimed to develop a meropenem population pharmacokinetics model in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and identify covariates explaining inter-individual variability.Methods: Patients were randomized to one of four treatment groups: meropenem 2 g three times daily plus oral rifampicin 20 mg/kg once daily, meropenem 2 g three times daily, meropenem 1 g three times daily, and meropenem 3 g once daily. Meropenem was administered by intravenous infusion over 0.5–1 h. All patients also received oral amoxicillin/clavulanate together with each meropenem dose, and treatments continued daily for 14 days. Intensive plasma pharmacokinetics sampling over 8 h was conducted on the 14th day of the study. Nonlinear mixed-effects modeling was used for data analysis. The best model was chosen based on likelihood metrics, goodness-of-fit plots, and parsimony. Covariates were tested stepwise.Results: A total of 404 concentration measurements from 49 patients were included in the analysis. A two-compartment model parameterized with clearance (CL), inter-compartmental clearance (Q), and central (V1) and peripheral (V2) volumes of distribution fitted the data well. Typical values of CL, Q, V1, and V2 were 11.8 L/h, 3.26 L/h, 14.2 L, and 3.12 L, respectively. The relative standard errors of the parameter estimates ranged from 3.8 to 35.4%. The covariate relations included in the final model were creatinine clearance on CL and allometric scaling with body weight on all disposition parameters. An effect of age on CL as previously reported could not be identified.Conclusion: A two-compartment model described meropenem population pharmacokinetics in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis well. Covariates found to improve model fit were creatinine clearance and body weight but not rifampicin treatment. The final model will be used for an integrated pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics analysis linking meropenem exposure to early bactericidal activity.
The Relative Age Effect on Competition Performance of Spanish International Handball Players: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: de la Rubia Alfonso , Lorenzo Alberto , Bjørndal Christian Thue , Kelly Adam Leigh , García-Aliaga Abraham , Lorenzo-Calvo Jorge 
Published: June 2021

Background: Competitive success is the ultimate objective of elite professional sport organisations. Relative age effects (RAE) impact athlete selection processes in the short and long-term performance. The aims of this study were: (i) examine the presence of RAE by gender, competitive level, and playing position, as well as evaluate the impact of RAE on individual (goals, percentage of effectiveness in shots, saves; percentage of effectiveness in saves, assists, turnovers, steals, blocked shots, penalties, minutes played, and minutes played per match) and collective competition performance (final team position); and (ii) analyse the impact of RAE on the evolutionary trends of individual performance in international competitions throughout 16 seasons in Spanish handball (2005–2020).Methods: The sample included 631 Spanish handball players (male: n = 359; female: n = 272). A Chi-square goodness-of-fit test was used to assess whether a skewed birthdate distribution occurred. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) of independent measures was used to examine the individual and collective statistical parameters by birth quartiles. A linear regression in a Hopkins sheet were performed to compare individual performance trends.Results: The results revealed RAE in the male formative categories (p &lt; 0.001), as well as the male and female senior categories (p &lt; 0.05). By position, RAE especially affected the “centre-back” in the male formative (p &lt; 0.01) and senior categories (p &lt; 0.05). No significant relationship between RAE and individual performance was found in male formative categories, while an impact of RAE on the “minutes played” was detected in the female senior category (p &lt; 0.05). With regard to collective performance, a higher number of relatively older handball players was observed in the best ranked teams in the male formative categories and in the quarter-final teams in the female formative categories (p &lt; 0.05). Among the male players, relatively older players spent more minutes on the court than relatively younger players, although this advantage dissipated over time and did not lead to better performance. Among the female players, relatively younger players were found to perform better as the level of competitive handball increased.Discussion: These findings are important for talent identification and development policies in sport federations and other elite sport institutions by demonstrating the many unintended consequences of selections to international competitions at the youth level.
Dissemination Dynamics of Receding Words: A Diachronic Case Study of Whom
Authors: Bohmann Axel , Bohmann Martin , Hinrichs Lars 
Published: June 2021

We explore the relationship between word dissemination and frequency change for a rapidly receding feature, the relativizer whom. The success of newly emerging words has been shown to correlate with high dissemination scores. However, the reverse—a correlation of lower dissemination scores with receding features—has not been investigated. Based on two established and two newly developed measures of word dissemination—across texts, linguistic environments, registers, and topics—we show that a general correlation between dissemination and frequency does not obtain in the case of whom. Different dissemination measures diverge from each other and show internally variable developments. These can, however, be explained with reference to the specific sociolinguistic history of whom over the past 300 years. Our findings suggest that the relationship between dissemination and word success is not static, but needs to be contextualized against different stages in individual words’ life-cycles. Our study demonstrates the applicability of large-scale, quantitative measures to qualitatively informed sociolinguistic research.
ENSURING ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY OF BEEF PRODUCTION FOR BABY NUTRITION
Authors: ЗАБАШТА Н.Н. , ГОЛОВКО Е.Н. , СИНЕЛЬЩИКОВА  И.А. , ЛИСОВИЦКАЯ  Е.П. , ЗАБАШТА А.В. 
Published: June 2021

Система откорма бычков мясного направления в обследованных районах позволила получить мясное сырье, пригодное для детского питания. Откорм скота на предгорных пастбищах с умеренным использованием концентрированных кормов (не более 4,0 кг на голову в сутки) является оптимальным. Системы пастбищного и беспривязного умеренно интенсивного откорма крупного рогатого скота мясного направления продуктивности на выгульных площадках позволяют получить мясное сырье, отвечающее требованиям для продуктов детского питания. Кастрация животных оказала гораздо большее влияние на качество мяса, чем порода. Масса охлажденной туши у некастрированных бычков оказалась выше — 205,2±3,8 кг против 196,7±3,4 кг у бычков-кастратов. Жирной говядины было получено больше от кастрированных бычков на 32,2%. Жира обнаружено больше в мышечной ткани туш кастрированных животных — 8,84%, и меньше у некастрированных — 5,65 %. При производстве говядины для детского питания желательно использовать некастрированных бычков.
The system of beef bulls fattening in the surveyed areas made it possible to obtain raw meat suitable for baby nutrition. Fattening of livestock on foothill pastures with moderate use of concentrated feed (no more than 4.0 kg per animal per day) is optimal. The systems of pasture and loose-fitting moderately intensive feeding of cattle with beef production on the walking grounds allow obtaining meat raw materials that meet the requirements for baby nutrition products. The neutering of animals had a greater impact on the quality of meat than the breed. The mass of chilled carcasses in non-castrated bulls also turned out to be higher — 205.2 ± 3.8 kg versus 196.7 ± 3.4 kg in castrated bulls. Fatty beef was obtained from castrated bulls by 32.2%. Fat was found more in the muscle tissue of castrated bulls — 8.84%, and less - in non-castrated bulls - 5.65%. In the production of beef for baby nutrition, it is advisable to use non-castrated bulls.
Sergei Prokofiev. Relatives
Authors: Савкина Наталия 
Published: June 2021

Обнародованные несколько лет тому назад сведения об арестах близких родственников Прокофьева и о полученных ими тюремных сроках открыли много нового в биографии и личности композитора. Так, стало очевидно, что он был прекрасно осведомлен о массовых репрессиях и жестокой политической цензуре в СССР, когда принимал решение вернуться на родину. Композитор должен был разработать особые авторские стратегии, маневрировать между факторами художественными и требованиями конъюнктуры. Представленные в статье письма шире знакомят с родными композитора; так, они проливают свет на жизнь в первые годы революции семьи Катениных, выводят на сцену действия одну из родственниц Прокофьевых, жившую в Германии, - Марию Рейн. В ряду самых пронзительных документов прокофьевского эпистолярия - письмо тетушки, Екатерины Григорьевны Раевской, которая сообщает об аресте дочери. Обогащают прокофьевское подполье записки композитора из Франции в финансовый отдел Большого театра и ГАТОБ (ныне Мариинский театр) с напоминаниями о необходимости отправить деньги его родственникам в СССР. Композитор в течение многих лет материально поддерживал три семьи своих репрессированных или попавших в жестокую нужду родных. Публикуемая здесь записка - только одна из очень большого количества таких напоминаний.
The information about the arrests and jail sentences of Prokofiev's close relatives has been promulgated some years ago, and it revealed many new things about the composer's biography and personality. That is, it became clear, that he was fully aware of mass repressions and harsh political censorship in the USSR at the time he was deciding to return to the motherland. The composer had to shape his own personal strategy to maneuver between artistic values and the circumstances demand. The letters presented in the article introduce in greater detail the composer's relatives. So, they shed light upon the life of the Katenins family during the Revolution first years; they bring into view one relative living in Germany-Maria Rein. One of the most vibrant items of Prokofiev's correspondence is the letter from his aunt, Ekaterina Grigorievna Raevsky, who reported about her daughter being arrested. Prokofiev's quiet correspondence is enriched by his notes from France to the Bolshoi Theater finance department and to the State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet (St. Petersburg), reminding them to send money to his relatives in the USSR. For many years Prokofiev supported three families of relatives, who were purged or in need. The note published here is just one of many such reminders.
“Three Anecdotes for Radio”: The Fate of PauL Hindemith’s Forgotten Opus
Authors: Благодарская Елена 
Published: June 2021

В данной статье рассматривается малоизвестное произведение Пауля Хиндемита, изначально названное «Три анекдота для радио» («3 Anekdoten Fur Radio»). Автор подробно описывает обстоятельства создания опуса, дополняет их сведениями из биографии композитора, соотносит с историческими событиями. На основе рукописных и документальных материалов из архива Хиндемита, и особенно его переписки с издательством Шотт, освещаются факты, связанные с исполнениями и публикацией сочинения. Дополнительно приводятся сведения о запланированных и состоявшихся премьерах, об откликах в прессе и рецензиях влиятельных музыкальных критиков того времени.
The subject oF this article is the little-known work oF Paul Hindemith, which is first called “Three Anecdotes For the Radio” (“3 Anekdoten Fur Radio”). The author describes in detail the circumstances oF his appearance, supplements them with inFormation From the biography oF the composer, correlates with historical events. On the basis oF handwritten and documentary materials From the Hindemith archives and especially his correspondence with the Schott Publishing House, unknown Facts are revealed related to the perFormance and publication oF the work. Additionally, inFormation is provided on the planned and held premieres, on press responses and reviews oF influential music critics oF that time.
Digital Interactivity: A New Impetus for Musical Composition?
Authors: Жеслин Вера 
Published: June 2021

Цель данной статьи - рассмотреть, как особенности нарастающей технической среды могут спровоцировать сдвиг ориентиров в современном композиторском мышлении. Автор соотносит традиционное музыковедение с другими научными сферами, делая акцент на некоторых философско-антропологических тезисах о «диалоге» человека с собственными изобретениями. Объектом исследования послужила совместная работа специалиста в сфере музыкальной информатики Кристофа Лебретона и исполнителя на ударных инструментах Жана Жоффруа над проектами двух авторов: Тьерри Де Мея и Винсента Рафаэля Каринолы. Таким образом, две последние части статьи посвящены ключевым феноменам, относящимся к сочинительскому процессу анализируемых произведений: интерактивность и работа с жестом с помощью цифровых инструментов.
The purpose of this article is to consider how the peculiarities of the growing technical environment can provoke any movement in modern composer thinking. The author correlates traditional musicology with other scientific spheres, focusing on some philosophical and anthropological theses about a human's “dialogue” with his own inventions. The object of the research became the common work of a specialist in the field of music informatics Christophe Lebreton and a percussionist Jean Geoffroy on projects by two authors: Thierry De Mey and Vincent-Rapha4l Carinola. Thus, the last two parts of the paper are devoted to the key phenomena in their composition process: interactivity and work with gesture while using digital instruments.