bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A combined model for short-term wind speed forecasting based on empirical mode decomposition, feature selection, support vector regression and cross-validated lasso
Authors: Wang Tao 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundThe planning and control of wind power production rely heavily on short-term wind speed forecasting. Due to the non-linearity and non-stationarity of wind, it is difficult to carry out accurate modeling and prediction through traditional wind speed forecasting models.MethodsIn the paper, we combine empirical mode decomposition (EMD), feature selection (FS), support vector regression (SVR) and cross-validated lasso (LassoCV) to develop a new wind speed forecasting model, aiming to improve the prediction performance of wind speed. EMD is used to extract the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) from the original wind speed time series to eliminate the non-stationarity in the time series. FS and SVR are combined to predict the high-frequency IMF obtained by EMD. LassoCV is used to complete the prediction of low-frequency IMF and trend.ResultsData collected from two wind stations in Michigan, USA are adopted to test the proposed combined model. Experimental results show that in multi-step wind speed forecasting, compared with the classic individual and traditional EMD-based combined models, the proposed model has better prediction performance.ConclusionsThrough the proposed combined model, the wind speed forecast can be effectively improved.
Assessing the Sustainability of Thryonomys swinderianus Hunting in Ogoni Land
Authors: Opuogulaya R. , Gbosidom V. L. , Ekiyor T. H. 
Published: September 2021

Background: Thryonomys swinderianus is a renewable natural resource and is a major mammal that constitute what is termed bushmeat in Ogoni land. Between July 2017 and June 2018, 10320Kg of Thryonomys swinderianus meat or 2580 animals were obtained from the wild by hunting. The number of animals removed compared to its population as at June 2017 prompted this study.
Aim: The aim of the study is to ascertain the sustainability of this level of harvest in Ogoni land.
Methods: The Robinson and Redford model of 1991 was used to assess the sustainability of this harvest in this study. The maximum possible production of Thryonomys swinderianus from July 2017 to June 2018 was 3.5/Km² and the proportion of this production to be harvested sustainably is 2.1/Km² or 8.4Kg/Km². The actual harvest within this period was 2.58/Km² or 10.32Kg/Km².
Results: The actual harvest of 2.58/Km² is greater than the maximum sustainable yield of 2.1/Km² and as such, the harvest of 2.58 Thryonomys swinderianus per square kilometer per year is not sustainable in Ogoni land.
Conclusion: The unsustainable harvest of Thryonomys swinderianus should as a matter of urgent concern be monitored and regulated. Continuation of this rate of removal will diminish the renewal rate and lead to the extinction of Thryonomys swinderianus in the near future.
Size Effects in Sodium Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Zhibo , Wang Ruize , Zeng Jinquan , Shi Kaiyuan , Zhu Changbao , Yan Xingbin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSodium ion batteries (SIBs) are promising candidates for large‐scale energy storage owing to the abundant sodium resources and low cost. The larger Na+ radius (compared to Li+) usually leads to sluggish reaction kinetics and huge volume expansion. One of the efficient strategies is to reduce the size of electrode materials or the components of electrolytes to a suitable scale where size effect begin to emerge, leading to the improved or varied thermodynamics, kinetics, and mechanisms of sodium storage. However, only a few systematic reviews address size effects in SIBs, which requires further attention urgently. Herein, after a brief discussion of the general size effect, the size‐related kinetics, thermodynamics (equilibrium voltage and morphology), and sodium storage mechanisms (phase transition, conversion reaction, interfacial, and nanopore storage) of electrode materials are presented. The size effect on liquid, polymer, and inorganic solid‐state electrolytes are discussed as well, including the size of solvent molecules, Na salts, and inorganic fillers. Finally, neutral and adverse size effects are discussed, and some useful strategies are proposed to overcome them. The deep insights into the size effect will provide instructive guidelines for developing SIBs and other new energy storage systems.
Self‐Powered Organic Photodetectors with High Detectivity for Near Infrared Light Detection Enabled by Dark Current Reduction
Authors: Wei Yanan , Chen Hao , Liu Tianhua , Wang Song , Jiang Yihang , Song Yu , Zhang Jianqi , Zhang Xin , Lu Guanghao , Huang Fei , Wei Zhixiang , Huang Hui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOrganic photodetectors (OPDs) for near infrared (NIR) light detection represents cutting‐edge technology for optical communication, environmental monitoring, biomedical imaging, and sensing. Herein, a series of self‐powered OPDs with high detectivity are constructed by the sequential deposition (SD) method. The dark currents (Jd) of SD devices are effectively reduced in comparison to blend casting (BC) ones due to the vertical phase segregation structure. Impressively, the Jd values of SD devices based on D18 and Y6 system is reduced to be 2.1 × 10−11 A cm−2 at 0 V, which is two orders of magnitude lower than those of the BC devices. The D* value of the SD device is superior to that of BC device under different bias voltages (0, −0.5, −1.0, and −2.0 V) due to the reduction of dark current, which originates from the fine vertical phase separation structure of the SD device. The mechanism studies shows that the vertical phase segregation structure can effectively suppress the unfavorable charge injection, thus reducing the dark current. Also, the surface energy is proven to play a key role in the photocurrent stability. In addition, the flexible OPDs demonstrate excellent performance in photoplethysmography test.
Efficient and Spectrally Stable Blue Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes Employing a Cationic π‐Conjugated Polymer
Authors: Yuan Shuai , Cui Lin‐Song , Dai Linjie , Liu Yun , Liu Qing‐Wei , Sun Yu‐Qi , Auras Florian , Anaya Miguel , Zheng Xiaopeng , Ruggeri Edoardo , Yu You‐Jun , Qu Yang‐Kun , Abdi‐Jalebi Mojtaba , Bakr Osman M. , Wang Zhao‐Kui , Stranks Samuel D. , Greenham Neil C. , Liao Liang‐Sheng , Friend Richard H. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMetal halide perovskite semiconductors have demonstrated remarkable potentials in solution‐processed blue light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). However, the unsatisfied efficiency and spectral stability responsible for trap‐mediated non‐radiative losses and halide phase segregation remain the primary unsolved challenges for blue perovskite LEDs. In this study, it is reported that a fluorene‐based π‐conjugated cationic polymer can be blended with the perovskite semiconductor to control film formation and optoelectronic properties. As a result, sky‐blue and true‐blue perovskite LEDs with Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage coordinates of (0.08, 0.22) and (0.12, 0.13) at the record external quantum efficiencies of 11.2% and 8.0% were achieved. In addition, the mixed halide perovskites with the conjugated cationic polymer exhibit excellent spectral stability under external bias. This result illustrates that π‐conjugated cationic polymers have a great potential to realize efficient blue mixed‐halide perovskite LEDs with stable electroluminescence.
Self‐Powered Interactive Fiber Electronics with Visual–Digital Synergies
Authors: Yang Weifeng , Gong Wei , Gu Wei , Liu Zhaoxu , Hou Chengyi , Li Yaogang , Zhang Qinghong , Wang Hongzhi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFiber electronics with mechanosensory functionality are highly desirable in healthcare, human–machine interfaces, and robotics. Most efforts are committed to optimize the electronically readable interface of fiber mechanoreceptor, while the user interface based on naked‐eye readable output is rarely explored. Here, a scalable fiber electronics that can simultaneously visualize and digitize the mechanical stimulus without external power supply, named self‐powered optoelectronic synergistic fiber sensors (SOEFSs), are reported. By coupling of space and surface charge polarization, a new mechanoluminescent (ML)‐triboelectric synergistic effect is realized. It contributes to remarkable enhancement of both electrical (by 100%) and optical output (by 30%), as well as novel temporal–spatial resolution mode for motion capturing. Based on entirely new thermoplastic ML material system and spinning process, industrial‐level continuously manufacture and recycling processes of SOEFS are realized. Furthermore, SOEFSs’ application in human–machine interface, virtual reality, and underwater sensing, rescue, and information interaction is demonstrated.
Multichannel Generations of Orbital Angular Momentum Modes with On‐Demand Characteristics on a Chip
Authors: Fu Pan , Ni Pei‐Nan , Wang Qiu‐Hua , Liu Yu‐Fei , Wu Bo , Chen Pei‐Pei , Kan Qiang , Wang Shuang‐Peng , Chen Hong‐Da , Xu Chen , Xie Yi‐Yang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe orthogonality among optical beams with different orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes presents a new perspective as independent data‐carrying channels for multiplexing and demultiplexing. In particular, the theoretically infinite topological charge of OAM beam promises the unbounded capacity in communication systems. As a key part for the advancement of OAM technologies, OAM source has attracted considerable interest and experienced a rapid development. Nevertheless, conventional approaches to create OAM modes mainly rely on the use of bulky optical devices and external laser source, preventing their implementation into a miniaturized system. As a contrast, on‐chip generation of OAM beams with a built‐in source stands out with several advantages, including small footprint, compactness, portability, and high‐power efficiency. In this work, a versatile approach to directly produce OAM modes with on‐demand characteristics on a chip is demonstrated. Featuring the judicious combination of the emerging dielectric metasurface with the standard vertical cavity surface‐emitting laser (VCSEL) platform, the approach represents a feasible solution to the wide implementation of wafer‐level OAM emitters for optoelectronic integrations. Prototype laser chips for the generation of both individual OAM beam and OAM array with novel functionalites, such as controllable directionality and spatially varying topological charge and distribution, are systematically presented.
The World Trade Center Health Program: Twenty years of health effects research
Authors: Daniels Robert D. , Kubale Travis L. , Reissman Dori B. , Howard John 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIt has been 20 years since the devastating terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. Thousands were injured or killed during the attacks and many more are at risk of adverse health stemming from physical, psychological, and emotional stressors born out of the attacks. Private, federal, state, and local resources were gathered soon after the attacks to address impacts to the community, including the health and well‐being of both responders and survivors. Many of these efforts are now largely consolidated under the federally mandated World Trade Center (WTC) Health Program. This program provides medical monitoring and treatment of qualifying conditions among the 9/11‐exposed population and supports related physical and mental health research. In this commentary, we describe the WTC Health Program, with emphasis on the health‐effects research it has funded since inception in 2011. We describe sentinel research publications, and how science has impacted the program. We provide examples relating studies in this special issue to important roles in the WTC Health Program research agenda. Finally, we provide a perspective on future research needs.
Synthesis of 4‐Chalcogenylated Isoxazoles Mediated by PhICl2 and Diorganyl Disulfides/Diselenides
Authors: Yu Zhenyang , Zhang Dongke , Li Xiaoxian , Zhang Beibei , Yang Zhifang , Qian Yan , Du Yunfei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis report described that a series of 4‐chalcogenylated isoxazoles were readily synthesized from the one‐pot reaction of alkynone Z‐O‐methyloximes with (dichloroiodo)benzene (PhICl2) and diorganyl disulfides/diselenides under metal‐free conditions. The reaction process was enabled by the electrophilic organosulfenyl chloride (RSCl) or selenenyl chloride (RSeCl) species, which were generated in situ from the reaction of PhICl2 and diorganyl disulfides/diselenides. The striking feature of the approach is the in‐situ formation of the electrophilic RSCl or RSeCl species, thus markedly decreasing the total usage of electrophiles when compared with the existing methods. This method exhibited a good functional groups tolerance for both alkynone Z‐O‐methyloximes and diorganyl disulfides/diselenides and the reaction could proceed at room temperature under ambient atmosphere within a short time to afford a series of functionalized isoxazoles in moderate to excellent yields.
Preparing for effective, adaptive risk communication about per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances in drinking water
Authors: Harclerode Melissa , Baryluk Sarah , Lanza Heather , Frangos John 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDrinking water contamination and the potential subsequent long‐term adverse health outcomes is an issue of high importance and personal interest to affected communities. Per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) further complicate these issues through their technical complexity; evolving scientific and public health data; and inconsistent, incomplete, and evolving governmental guidance on screening and mitigation. The use of a community‐specific adaptive risk communication strategy can allow municipalities to assess and mitigate PFAS while addressing community concerns. Utilizing demographics data and the qualitative observations of the community's concerns based on social media and news activity, the study team prepared two outreach strategies for PFAS assessment and mitigation. Overall, application of this strategy to two different case studies revealed that the framework is sufficiently flexible to meet specific community needs. Evaluation of the communities' risk perception factors showed that while there were some commonalities, sufficiently different risk perception factors existed, which necessitated a community‐specific strategy.Article Impact StatementCreation of a community‐specific outreach plan for drinking water per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances issues is necessary for effective risk communication and outreach.
Modified clays reduce leaching of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances from AFFF‐contaminated soils
Authors: Wang Chenyang , Yan Bei , Munoz Gabriel , Sauvé Sébastien , Liu Jinxia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTechnologies applicable at a field scale to mitigate soil and groundwater pollution by per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) due to the release of aqueous film‐forming foams are urgently needed. We demonstrate that modified bentonite clays as soil amendments can effectively reduce the leaching of PFAS from impacted soils. In batch experiments, the significant decrease (95%–99%) of leachable anionic PFAS, including perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorohexane sulfonate, and perfluorooctane carboxylate, was achieved in 1–4 days at a clay dosage as low as 0.5% w/w. A significant decline of leachable cationic and zwitterionic PFAS (70%–99%) was also observed. The clays performed the best in immobilizing PFAS anions, while granular activated carbon was effective in preventing PFAS cation leaching. Hardwood biochar had minor or negligible effects on any PFAS. The study provides strong evidence to support using modified clays as part of mitigation or remediation strategies to prevent PFAS from mobilizing on a field scale.Article Impact StatementThe study demonstrated that modified bentonite clays effectively immobilize various PFAS in AFFF‐contaminated soils to prevent leaching.
Practical implications of perfluoroalkyl substances adsorption on bottle materials: Isotherms
Authors: Kleiner Eric J. , Sanan Toby , Smith Samantha J. , Pressman Jonathan G. , Abulikemu Gulizhaer , Crone Brian C. , Wahman David G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTo assess the practical implications of various bottle materials used in anion exchange (IX) or granular activated carbon (GAC) isotherm experiments, adsorption of seven per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) onto three common bottle materials (silanized glass, polypropylene, and high‐density polyethylene [HDPE]) were screened. Results were similar between bottle materials; therefore, only HDPE was used in a detailed bottle material isotherm study with 11 PFAS. For each PFAS, an HDPE bottle isotherm was generated with equilibrium liquid phase concentrations relevant to drinking water (<2000 ng/L). Percent PFAS recoveries between 90% and 103%, 85% and 114%, and 54% and 108% were determined for perfluoro‐2‐propoxypropanoic acid (GenX), five perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids, and five perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSA), respectively. These results indicated only the five PFSA adsorbed to the HDPE bottles in a concentration‐dependent manner. Furthermore, linear isomer versions of two PFSA exhibited greater adsorption. For each PFSA studied, a linear isotherm was generated and used to develop guidance for conducting future IX and GAC isotherm studies. Specifically, the minimum initial isotherm concentration was established such that a maximum 1% loss would be expected to the HDPE bottles, resulting in required initial concentrations of the five PFSA between 21 and 75 times that of the design isotherm liquid equilibrium concentration.Article Impact StatementAssesses the practical implications of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances adsorption to various bottle materials used in environmental sampling and isotherm experiments.
Elastic Organic Crystals Based on Barbituric Derivative: Multi‐faceted Bending and Flexible Optical Waveguide
Authors: Peng Jiang , Bai Jiakun , Cao Xiumian , He Jieting , Xu Weiqing , Jia Junhui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractElastic organic single crystals with light‐emitting and multi‐faceted bending properties are extremely rare. They have potential application in optical materials and have attracted the extensive attention of researchers. In this paper, we reported a structurally simple barbituric derivative DBDT, which was easily crystallized and gained long needle‐like crystals (centimeter‐scale) in DCM/CH3OH (v/v=2/8). Upon applying or removing the mechanical force, both the (100) and (040) faces of the needle‐like crystal showed reversible bending behaviour, showing the nature of multi‐faceted bending. The average hardness (H) and elastic modulus (E) were 0.28±0.01 GPa and 4.56±0.03 GPa for the (040) plane, respectively. Through the analysis of the single crystal data, it could be seen that the van der waals (C−H⋅⋅⋅π and C−H⋅⋅⋅C), H‐bond (C−H⋅⋅⋅O) and π⋅⋅⋅π interactions between molecules were responsible for the generation of the crystal elasticity. Interestingly, elastic crystals exhibited optical waveguide characteristics in straight or bent state. The optical loss coefficients measured at 627 nm were 0.7 dBmm−1 (straight state) and 0.9 dBmm−1 (bent state), while the optical loss coefficient (α) were 1.5 dBmm−1 (straight state) and 1.8 dBmm−1 (bent state) at 567 nm. Notably, the elastic organic molecular crystal based on barbituric derivative could be used as the candidate for flexible optical devices.
IL‐27 mediates anti‐inflammatory effect in cigarette smoke induced emphysema by negatively regulating IFN‐γ producing cytotoxic CD8+T cells in mice
Authors: Qiu Shi‐lin , Sun Qi‐xiang , Zhou Jian‐peng , Tang Hai‐juan , Chen Yan‐qiong , Chen Fu‐shou , Feng Tao , He Zai‐qing , Qin Hua‐jiao , Duan Min‐chao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractChronic airway inflammation mediated by CD8+T lymphocytes contributes to the pathogenesis of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Deciphering the fingerprint of the chronic inflammation orchestrated by CD8+T cells may allow the development of novel approaches to COPD management. Here, the expression of IL‐27 and IFN‐γ+CD8+Tc1 cells were evaluated in patients with COPD and in cigarette smoke‐exposed mice. The production of IL‐27 by marrow‐derived dendritic cells (mDCs) in response to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was assessed. The role of IL‐27 in IFN‐γ+CD8+Tc1 cells was explored. We demonstrated that elevated IL‐27 was accompanied by an exaggerated IFN‐γ+CD8+Tc1 response in a smoking mouse model of emphysema. We noted that lung dendritic cells were one of the main sources of IL‐27 during chronic cigarette smoke exposure. Moreover, CSE directly induced the production of IL‐27 by mDCs in vitro. IL‐27 negatively regulated the differentiation of IFN‐γ+CD8+Tc1 cells isolated from cigarette smoke‐exposed mice in a STAT1‐ and STAT3‐independent manner. Systemic administration of recombinant IL‐27 attenuated IFN‐γ+CD8+Tc1 response in the late phase of cigarette smoke exposure. Our results uncovered that IL‐27 negatively regulates IFN‐γ+CD8+Tc1 response in the late stage of chronic cigarette smoke exposure, which may provide a new strategy for the anti‐inflammatory treatment of smoking‐related COPD/emphysema.
Formation of a colloidal band via pH‐dependent electrokinetics
Authors: Doan Viet Sang , Shin Sangwoo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractElectroosmosis on nonuniformly charged surfaces often gives rise to intriguing flow behaviors, which can be utilized in applications such as mixing processes and designing micromotors. Here, we demonstrate nonuniform electroosmosis induced by electrochemical reactions. Water electrolysis creates pH gradients near the electrodes that cause a spatiotemporal change in the wall zeta potential, leading to nonuniform electroosmosis. Such nonuniform EOFs induce multiple vortices, which promote the continuous accumulation of particles that subsequently form a colloidal band. The band develops vertically into a “wall” of particles that spans from the bottom to the top surface of the chamber. Such a flow‐driven colloidal band can be potentially used in colloidal self‐assembly and separation processes irrespective of the particle surface properties. For instance, we demonstrate these vortices can promote rapid segregation of soft colloids such as oil droplets and fat globules.