bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The 100 most cited articles in the endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations
Authors: Yang Runlin , Ren Yifan , Maingard Julian , Thijs Vincent , Le Dustin Viet Anh , Kok Hong Kuan , Lee Michael J , Hirsch Joshua A , Chandra Ronil V , Brooks Duncan Mark , Asadi Hamed 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND:
The literature base for endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) has grown exponentially in recent decades. Bibliometric analysis has been used to identify impactful articles in other medical specialties. The aim of this citation analysis was to identify and characterize the top 100 most cited articles in the field of endovascular BAVM treatment.

METHODS:
The top-cited papers were identified by searching selected keywords (“endovascular treatment,” “interventional treatment,” “brain arteriovenous malformation,” “emboliz(s)ation”) on the Web of Science platform. The top 100 articles were ranked according to their number of citations. Each article was further evaluated to obtain predefined characteristics including citation(s) per year, year of publication, authorship, journal-title and impact factor, article topics, article type, and level of evidence.

RESULTS:
The top 100 most cited articles for endovascular BAVM treatment were published between 1960 and 2014. The total number of citations for these articles ranged from 56 to 471 (median 85.5). Most articles (76%) were published between 1990 and 2009 in three journals (56%), originated in the USA (52%) followed by France (16%). The most common topic related to embolization agents and the majority of articles constituted level IV or V evidence.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study provides a comprehensive overview of the most cited articles in the field of endovascular BAVM treatment. Our analysis recognizes key contributions from authors and institutions in the field and leads to a better understanding of the evidentiary framework for BAVM treatment.
Increased concentration of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase in ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Kalirawna Teja Ram , Rohilla Jitendra , Bairwa Shyam Sunder , Gothwal Sunil Kumar , Tak Pinki , Jain Rajesh 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND:
Stroke is responsible for the largest proportion of neurological disorders causing a significant morbidity. Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) enzyme has an active involvement in atherosclerosis through its role in oxidative and inflammatory mechanisms. Recent evidence suggests that serum GGT is related to the risk and prognosis of cerebrovascular diseases.

METHODS:
A total of 200 patients (100 with acute ischemic stroke and 100 without stroke) were recruited from various medical wards and medical intensive care unit. Categorical variables were compared between two groups using Chi-squared test and odds ratio (OR). Independent sample t-test was used to see to compare mean GGT level of stroke patients with control.

RESULTS:
There was no statistical difference with respect to distribution of age groups (χ
2 = 1.25, P = 0.741) and gender (χ
2 = 2.678, P = 0.1018) between cases and controls. Mean age of stroke patients (mean [M] = 61.7, standard deviation [SD] = 13.8) did not differ from controls (M = 62.2, SD = 13.6), P = 0.80. The odds of suffering from diabetes were significantly higher in stroke patients than cases (OR = 2.25, P = 0.005). Independent sample t-test found a significant difference in serum GGT level between cases (M = 57.47, SD = 11.8) and control (M = 41.72, SD = 7.5), P ≤ 0.0001.

CONCLUSIONS:
Serum GGT was significantly higher in stroke patients than age-sex-matched nonstroke patients. Association remained significant in stroke patients irrespective of age, gender, and other risk factors. Stroke patients with diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, and smoking had higher level serum GGT level than those without these risk factors. Prospective cohort studies can further explore the potential of GGT as a predictor of acute ischemic stroke.
Role of troponin as a biomarker for predicting outcome after ischemic stroke
Authors: Alhazzani Adel , Kumar Amit , Algahtany Mubarak , Rawat Dimple 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND:
After acute ischemic stroke, a higher level of troponin has been considered as an important biomarker for predicting mortality.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES:
The study aimed to quantitatively assess the prognostic significance of the effect of baseline troponin levels on all-cause mortality in patients with acute ischemic stroke using a meta-analysis approach.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The following electronic databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, TRIP Database, and ClinicalTrialsgov were used for obtaining the relevant articles from literature. Data were extracted in standardized data collection form by two independent investigators. Any disagreements were resolved by consensus. All the statistical analyses were performed in STATA software (Version 13.1).

RESULTS:
A total of 19 studies were included in the present meta-analysis involving a total of 10,519 patients. The pooled analysis suggested that elevated serum troponin level was associated with inhospital mortality (rate ratios [RR] 2.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.30–3.38) and at the end of last follow-up mortality (RR 2.01; 95% CI 1.62–2.40). Sensitivity analysis by removing a single study by turns indicated that there was no obvious impact of any individual study on the pooled risk estimate. No significant publication bias was observed in the beg test (P = 0.39); however, significant publication bias was observed in the egger test (P = 0.046).

CONCLUSION:
Our findings indicated that a higher level of troponin might be an important prognostic biomarker for all cause in hospital and follow-up mortalities in patients with acute ischemic stroke. These study findings offer insight into further investigation in prospective studies to validate this particular association. The study was registered in OSF registries DOI's 10.17605/OSF. IO/D95GN
Obstructive sleep apnea and stroke severity
Authors: Sanders Carolyn Breauna , Knisely Krista , Edrissi Camron , Rathfoot Chase , Poupore Nicolas , Wormack Leah , Nathaniel Thomas 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND:
Specific clinical and demographic risk factors may be associated with improving or worsening neurologic outcomes within a population of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with a history of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The objective of this study was to determine the changes in neurologic outcome during a 14-day recovery as it relates to initial stroke severity in AIS patients with OSA.

METHODS:
This retrospective study analyzed baseline clinical risk factors and demographic data collected in a regional stroke center from January 2010 to June 2016. Our primary endpoint measure was the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and our secondary endpoint measures included the clinical factors associated with improving (NIHSS score ≤7) or worsening (NIHSS score >7) neurological outcome. The relative contribution of each variable to stroke severity and related outcome was determined using a logistic regression. The regression models were checked for the overall correct classification percentage using a Hosmer–Lemeshow test, and the sensitivity of our models was determined by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.

RESULTS:
A total of 5469 AIS patients were identified. Of this, 96.89% did not present with OSA while 3.11% of AIS patients presented with OSA. Adjusted multivariate analysis demonstrated that in the AIS population with OSA, atrial fibrillation (AF) (odds ratio [OR] = 3.36, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.289–8.762, P = 0.013) and changes in ambulatory status (OR = 2.813, 95% CI, 1.123–7.041, P = 0.027) showed an association with NIHSS score >7 while being Caucasian (OR = 0.214, 95% CI, 0.06–0.767, P = 0.018) was associated with NIHSS score ≤7.

CONCLUSION:
In AIS patients with OSA, AF and changes in ambulatory status were associated with worsening neurological outcome while Caucasian patients were associated with improving neurological outcome. Our findings may have significant implications for patient stratification when determining treatment protocols with respect to neurologic outcomes in AIS patients with OSA.
POST‐IPO OPERATING PERFORMANCE IN BANGLADESH
Authors: Hossain Md. Sajib , Khan Muhammad Saifuddin 
Published: May 2021

This study attempts to investigate the change in the operating performance of firms as they go from private to public ownership. Using the data of all the non-financial firms, which floated initial public offerings (IPOs) from 2008 to 2015, this study finds that there is a significant decline in operating performance as measured by ROA, asset turnover, ROS, and OCFTA after the IPO and the decline continues for next two to three years with the highest deterioration of operating performance being observed in the immediate next year of IPO. Moreover, when the study uses age, debt ratio, sales, capital expenditure, and IPO event to explain the variation of the operating performance of IPO firms over time, it finds that IPO event negatively affects all measures of operating performance. Finally, the study finds that deterioration of the post-IPO operating performance is more pronounced for firms offering their securities with premium than firms offering securities without premium.
JEL Classification Codes: G11, G12, G32.
Development of Predictive Model for Radon-222 Estimation in the Atmosphere using Stepwise Regression and Grid Search Based-Random Forest Regression
Authors: Olubi Omodele , Oniya Ebeneze , Owolabi Taoreed 
Published: May 2021

This work develops predictive models for estimating radon (222Rn) activity concentration in the atmosphere using novel grid search based random forest regression (GS-RFR) and stepwise regression (SWR). The developed models employ meteorological parameters which include the temperature, pressure, relative and absolute humidity, wind speed and wind direction as descriptors. Experimental data of radon concentration and meteorological parameters from two observatories of the Korea Polar Research Institute in Antarctica (King Sejong and Jang Bogo) have been employed in this work. The performance of the developed models was assessed using three different performance measuring parameters. On the basis of root mean square error (RMSE), the GS-RFR shows better performance over the SWR. An improvement of 64.09 % and 15.19 % was obtained on the training and test datasets, respectively at King Sejong station. At the Jang Bogo station, an improvement of 75.04 % and 28.04 % was obtained on the training and test datasets, respectively. The precision and robustness of the developed models would be of significant interest in determining the concentration of radon (222Rn) activity concentration in the atmosphere for various physical applications especially in regions where field measuring equipment for radon is not available or measurements have been interrupted.
Aspectos Da Violência Obstétrica No Brasil
Authors: Lima Dias Polyana Magna , Barros Simone Regina Alves de Freitas , Falcão Pedro Henrique de Barros 
Published: May 2021

A violência obstétrica é uma situação que acontece com a mulher durante a gravidez, parto e puerpério, construída ao longo do tempo, devendo ser desconstruída pela geração presente e futura. OBJETIVO: Analisar aspectos da violência obstétrica no Brasil, através de pesquisa teórica, bibliográfica e descritiva. CONCLUSÃO: A violência obstétrica precisa ser questionada e quanto mais informação a mulher e sua rede de apoio buscar durante a gestação, mais capacitados estarão para lidarem com essas situações e se sentirem seguros para questionarem os profissionais e tomarem suas decisões assertivas. Por enquanto, não existe lei que defina o que é violência obstétrica no Brasil, porém existem alguns diplomas legais que foram criados para trazer maior conforto à gestante. Justifica-se, portanto, o tema por ser uma problemática relevante do ponto de vista jurídico e social, revestindo-se também de considerável atualidade. Assim, espera-se contribuir para os estudos referentes a este âmbito ora tão questionável.
Effect of Employee Engagement on Performance of Small and Medium Size Enterprises in Mombasa County, Kenya
Authors: Peninah Ibua Mary 
Published: May 2021

In today’s global environment one of the major challenges is having engaged workforce in an organization. The workforce is one of the organization’s greatest assets. Employee engagement is the process of keeping employees engaged in the organization. It is one of the key fundamentals of making an organization competitive. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of employee engagement on performance of small and medium organizations in Mombasa County, Kenya. A positivist paradigm using descriptive research design was used. Stratified random sampling technique was used to interview respondents. The study sampled a total of 105 small and medium enterprises operators. A questionnaire with Likert-type interval scale anchored on a 5-point scale was used to collect data. Hypotheses were tested using Pearson’s product moment and multiple regression. Findings of the study indicated that most of the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have not embraced the concept of employee engagement. Nonetheless they have awareness of the practices that employees desired which would give them competitive edge. It is of necessity that the SMEs operators be trained on best practices and also benchmark within their industry subsectors so as to be able to initiate and embrace employee engagement. At start-ups and early stages of business growth, there is minimal investment in human resources which results in haphazard recruitment of family members who are sometimes are neither qualified nor trained and not engaged. Consequently, the staff underperforms, a lot of infighting and conflicts in families and relatives, leading to strained family relationships and high labour turnover which in turn affects performance. The study recommended a deliberate action be taken by the management to embrace employee engagement concept for their organizations to be competitive. Implications of the study are that adopting employee engagement empowers employees which results in increased performance in organizations. The study also contributes to the literature that seeks to develop theory emphasizing the importance of embracing employee engagement notion as an important human resource concept.
Acceptance of Couples’ HIV Counseling and Testing among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Likoni sub-County, Mombasa County, Kenya
Authors: Makena Mwongera Jeniffer , Ayieko Yonge Shadrack , Baya Msanzu Joseph , Udu Yussuf Rahma 
Published: May 2021

Couples’ HIV Counseling and Testing (CHCT) is an essential component of an effective response to AIDS pandemic worldwide and serves as an entry point to HIV care and support. However, it has become increasingly apparent that couples have overlooked the services yet they are too at risk of HIV infection. This study sought to determine level of acceptance of CHCT among pregnant women attending antenatal care services in Likoni sub-County, Mombasa County, Kenya. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used with structured questionnaires and an observation checklist to collect data from couples while an interview schedule was used to solicit data from health care workers. Results showed uptake of CHCT in the study area was relatively low (33.5%). Statistically significant associations were found between CHCT and demographic factors such as education (χ2 = 29.54; p = 0.005), marital status (χ2 = 12.41; p = 0.010), occupation (χ2 = 18.18; p < 0.001), income (χ2 = 23.02; p < 0.001). In operation factors, statistically significant associations were found between CHCT and distance to health facility (χ2 = 8.31; p = 0.040), means of transport (χ2 = 10.28, p = 0.040), cost of transport (χ2 = 10.92; p = 0.010), appropriateness and convenience of time allocated (χ2 = 11.88, p <, 0.001), an individual’s working hours per day (χ2 = 14.46; p < 0.001), and education/information on CHCT (χ2 = 5.97; p = 0.020). In HIV related knowledge, attitude and practice of couples on HIV risk behavior, significant associations were found between CHCT and prevention of discordant partners from contracting HIV (χ2 = 53.71; p < 0.001), helping couples adhere to ART (χ2 = 43.34; p < 0.001), helping to reduce morbidity and mortality due to HIV and other opportunistic infections (χ2 = 48.66; p < 0.001), increasing trust among partners (χ2 = 45.16; p < 0.001), and increasing marital cohesion among partners (χ2 = 65.78; p < 0.001). Logistic regression revealed that determinants of CHCT were significant for married status (p < 0.001), unemployed (p = 0.020), that CHCT increases trust among partners (p = 0.020), and that CHCT increases marital cohesion among partners (p = 0.001). Based on these findings, there is need to improve awareness on CHCT to enhance positive attitudes towards couples testing.
Heterogeneity in Family Firms
Authors: Guillén Gorbe Tomás , Escribá-Esteve Alejandro 
Published: May 2021

This research explores in greater depth the importance of considering the heterogeneity between family businesses so as to better understand the differences in their strategic behavior, performance and business results. With this, we attempt to contribute to the theories on the relationship between corporate governance and strategic management in the field of family business research.
Our study identifies the different configurations that may be adopted in the ownership structures and the management and governance bodies of family firms, analyzing how these configurations are related to the firm’s strategic outcomes. Using a sample of 111 family firms, we perform a cluster analysis that allows us to determine distinct types of family businesses based on a set of dimensions regarding the characteristics of their governance bodies, both in business and in the family, as well as their ownership structure and degree of family involvement in management tasks. We then link the different types found with the profiles of managers, the repertoire of strategies used by these companies, and the differences in obtaining results in recent years.
Industry 4.0: Costa Rica’s State-Of-The-Art in relation to Technology and Value Addition
Authors: Okot Tom , Campos Guilcrits Mariana , Monge Navarro Enrique 
Published: May 2021

The main objective of this investigation is to describe the current landscape of Industry 4.0 in Costa Rica. Industry 4.0 is a combination of technologies, such as robotics, big data, the Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI). Latin America has mostly focused on the development of IoT technology. Costa Rica ranks second in terms of IoT implementation, with a strong focus on environmentally sustainable innovations.
New technologies emerge daily, and the IoT is among these technologies. Thus, after comparing Costa Rica with other countries and regions, there are several areas of opportunity to upscale these revolutionary technologies beyond the IoT. The government of Costa Rica and local businesses should work on a joint roadmap to upskill the population on using these technologies. Additionally, this research provides resources and opportunities for experimentation through design thinking, allowing more innovation creation based on trial and error to find the best solutions to implement to add value.
SİSTEM ANALİZİ VE TASARIMI: BİR TEKSTİL FİRMASINDA VERİ MADENCİLİĞİ UYGULAMASI
Authors: AKYUZ Goknur Arzu , TEMİZ Sedanur , VEZİROĞLU Gonca 
Published: May 2021

Organizasyonların günümüzde etkin ve verimli olarak faaliyetlerine devam etmelerinde verilerini etkili kullanmaları büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma, bir tekstil firmasında gerçekleştirilen Sistem Analizi ve Tasarımı sürecini örnek vaka olarak sunmaktadır. Tekstil firmasında yapılan sistem analizinde, firmanın mevcut durumu ve problemleri analiz edilmiş ve analiz sonucu ortaya çıkan firmanın temel sorunu olan “ticari yazılımın sağladığı raporların yönetim ihtiyaçlarını karşılamaması ve stratejik amaçlara ulaşmada yeterli olmaması” sorununa etkin bir çözüm olarak veri madenciliği uygulaması önerilmiştir. Veri madenciliği uygulamasıyla firmanın veri tabanlarının entegrasyonu sağlanmış olup, çeşitli yönetim kademelerinde ihtiyaç duyulan raporlar oluşturulmuştur.
Bu raporlama sistemiyle rasyonel kararlar, bilgiye dayanmayan kararların yerini alacağı ve firmaya özgün değerlendirmelerin yapılabileceği görülmüştür. Böylelikle firmanın faaliyetlerinde daha kontrollü ve kararlarında daha rasyonel olması sağlanmıştır.
EKİPMAN ETKİNLİĞİNE FARKLI BİR YAKLAŞIM: GENEL OPERASYON ETKİNLİĞİ
Authors: ÇELİK Hakan 
Published: May 2021

Makine ve ekipmanların etkinlik düzeylerini hesaplamada en önemli unsur, performans göstergelerinin kısıtlarıdır. OEE (Toplam Ekipman Etkinliği), makine ve ekipmanların etkinlik düzeyini belirlemede kullanılan en yaygın performans göstergesidir. OEE değeri, kullanılabilirlik, performans ve kalite oranlarına bağlı olarak hesaplanmaktadır.
Kullanılabilirlik değeri, brüt çalışma süresi yerine planlanan üretim süresi üzerinden, gerçekleşen üretim süresini hesaplamaktadır. Brüt üretim süresi ile planlanan üretim süresi arasındaki fark, planlı duruş süresi olarak tanımlanmaktadır ve hesaplamaya katılmamaktadır. Bu durum, bir yılın sonunda önemli duruş süresine sebep olan unsurların değerlendirilmemesine ve gerçek etkinlik düzeyinin hesaplanamamasına neden olmaktadır. Ayrıca, bu duruşlar planlı olarak değerlendirildiğinden olağan kabul edilmektedir ve çoğu zaman iyileştirilmesi düşünülmemektedir.

Çalışmanın amacı, planlı duruş süresinin önemini vurgulayarak ekipman etkinliğinin hesaplanmasına yönelik alternatif yaklaşım belirlemektir. Bu doğrultuda, OEE’ye alternatif olarak OOE (Genel Operasyon Etkinliği) tanımlanmıştır. OOE, kullanılabilir süre kavramını vardiya süresi üzerinden değerlendiren ve herhangi bir sebeple kaynaklanan duruşu etkinlik kaybı olarak değerlendiren performans anahtarıdır. OEE ile OOE arasındaki farkın açıklanabilmesi için, bir vasıflı çelik işletmesinde üretim hattının bir yıllık verilerine dayalı hesaplama gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, OOE ile hesaplanan etkinlik düzeyi % 6,17 düşük hesaplanmış ve OEE’nin gerçek tesis etkinliğini yüksek gösterdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
İŞLETMELERİN ETKİNLİKLERİ İLE FİNANSAL PERFORMANSLARI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ: BİLİŞİM SEKTÖRÜ ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: UYGURTÜRK Hasan , YILDIZ İlker 
Published: May 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada öncelikle Borsa İstanbul’da (BIST) bilişim sektöründe yer alan firmaların etkinlikleri ile finansal performanslarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Daha sonra ilgili işletmelerin etkinlikleri ile finansal performansları arasındaki ilişki ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışmada işletmelerin etkinliklerinin belirlenmesinde Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA), finansal performans sıralamalarının elde edilmesinde de Gri İlişkisel Analiz (GİA) Yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışma sonucunda genel olarak VZA ve GİA yöntemlerinin sonuçları arasında bir tutarlılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda Gri İlişkisel Derecelerine (GİD) göre sıralamada ilk 7’de yer alan işletmelerin %85’i 2014, 2015 ve 2018 yıllarında etkin olarak tespit edilmiştir. 2016 ve 2017 yıllarında GİD’e göre sıralamada ilk 7’de yer alan işletmelerin de %100’ünün etkin olduğu görülmüştür.
Özgünlük: Katma değerinin yüksek olması nedeniyle bilişim sektörü Türkiye ekonomisi açısından önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma, bilişim sektörü işletmelerinin etkinlikleri ve finansal performanslarının birlikte ele alınarak değerlendirilmesini içermesi bakımından özgünlük taşımaktadır.