bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant capacity and fragmentation features of C‐glycoside isoflavones by high‐resolution electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry using collision‐induced and high‐energy collisional dissociation techniques
Authors: de Moura Patricia Homobono Brito , Porzel Andrea , Nunes Rafaela Machado , Baratto Leopoldo Clemente , Wessjohann Ludger A. , Martins Roberto Carlos Campos , Leal Ivana Correa Ramos 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe rapid annotation and identification by mass spectrometry techniques of flavonoids remains a challenge, due to their structural diversity and the limited availability of reference standards. This study applies a workflow to characterize two isoflavonoids, the orobol‐C‐glycosides analogs, using high‐energy collisional dissociation (HCD)‐ and collision‐induced dissociation (CID)‐type fragmentation patterns, and also to evaluate the antioxidant effects of these compounds by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazolin acid) 6‐sulfonic acid (ABTS), and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods. By the CID‐type fragmentation, in positive mode and at all high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) multiple stage, there were shown differences in the annotation of the compounds, mainly concerning some ratios of relative abundance. At CID‐MS2 20 eV, the compounds could be efficiently characterized, because they present distinct base peaks [M + H]+ and [M + H–H2O]+ for the orobol‐8‐C‐ and orobol‐6‐C‐glycoside, respectively. Similarly, by the HCD‐type fragmentation, in HRMS2 stage, differences between orobol analogs in both mode of ionization were observed. However, the HR HCD‐MS2 at 80 eV, in positive mode, generated more ions and each isomer presented different base peaks ions, [0,2X]+ for the orobol‐8‐C‐glycoside and [0,3X]+ for the orobol‐6‐C‐glycoside. By the DPPH, the 8‐C‐derivative showed a very close value compared with the standard rutin and, in the ABTS method, a higher radical‐scavenging activity. In both methods, the EC50 of orobol‐8‐C‐glycoside was almost twice better compared with orobol‐6‐C‐glycoside. In FRAP, both C‐glycosides showed a good capacity as Fe+3 reducing agents. We could realize that combined MS techniques, highlighting the positive mode of ionization, can be used to evaluate the isoflavones analogs being useful to differentiate between the isomeric flavones; therefore, these data are important to mass spectrometry dereplication studies become more efficient.Highlights
The MS2, in positive mode of ionization, at low CID energies (15 and 20 eV) and at high HCD energies (50 eV), was suitable to characterize orobol 8 and 6‐C‐derivatives.
Positive mode of ionization was effective to rapid annotation of each orobol C‐glycoside.
The orobol C‐derivatives showed high radical scavenging effects. Orobol‐8‐C‐glycoside showed higher antioxidant capacity.
Cost‐effectiveness analysis of nasojejunal tube feeding for the prevention of pneumonia in adults who are critically ill
Authors: Wang Hongmei , Huang Chun , Yang Yang , Kong Lingxi , Zheng Xiaoying , Shan Xuefeng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundNasojejunal tube (NJT) feeding has demonstrated value in reducing pneumonia in adults who are critically ill who require enteral nutrition (EN) support. This study discusses whether EN support via NJT feeding is more cost‐effective than nasogastric tube (NGT) feeding in reducing pneumonia.MethodsA decision‐tree model was created. The analysis was based on data from a health care provider in China. Model inputs were derived from published data. The end points included incremental cost per pneumonia infection avoided, incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER), net monetary benefit (NMB), and incremental NMB (INMB) associated with prevention of pneumonia. The uncertainty was assessed through one‐way and probabilistic sensitivity analysis.ResultsThe base case analysis showed that EN support via NJT feeding resulted in 0.7453 quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) at a cost of $3018.83 compared with NGT feeding, which resulted in 0.7354 QALYs at a cost of $4788.76. NJT feeding was better than NGT feeding, providing an INMB of $2075.09 and an ICER of –$178,813.96 per QALY gained, and the cost per pneumonia infection prevented was $16,808.51. The probabilistic sensitivity analysis indicated that NJT feeding was more cost‐effective in 83.4% of the cases, with a cost below the WTP threshold. The NMB and INMB estimation for different WTP thresholds also indicated that NJT feeding is the optimal strategy.ConclusionsEN support via NJT feeding was a more cost‐effective strategy than NGT feeding in preventing pneumonia in adults who are critically ill.
Water kefir for weaned piglets: A pilot study on its farm‐scale production, its palatability and its effects on growth performance
Authors: Gangnat Isabelle D. M. , Kreuzer Michael 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDWater kefir is a beverage with potential benefits for weaned piglets, including increasing feed intake and being a source of probiotics and organic acids. However, experimental confirmation of this potential is lacking. The aim of this pilot experiment was to develop a method for producing and delivering water kefir to weaned piglets at farm scale, assess its palatability and identify potential side effects in piglets varying in weight.RESULTSThe method described here is applicable to farm practice, as it could produce >50 L water kefir per day with little investment and time. The lactic acid concentration and pH in the water kefir remained stable between batches, while the acetic acid concentration was more variable. Piglets consumed the total quantity offered, which represented about 1 L per piglet per day. No clinical signs of disease were observed requiring medication administration to the piglets. However, a trend of reduced growth was observed when water kefir was offered, especially in the lighter piglets.CONCLUSIONSIn addition to its applicability on farms, the water kefir production method facilitates experiments in young livestock under farm‐scale conditions. The health‐promoting potential of water kefir may be increased by elevating the nutrient supply in the culture medium. No critical issue was identified that would prevent the distribution of water kefir to weaned piglets. However, the reason for the trend toward reduced growth and whether this trend would be reversed in situations with greater disease pressure remain unclear.
Preparation of chitosan grafted caffeic acid coating and its effect on pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) preservation
Authors: Sun Yuqing , Lan Weiqing , Liu Shucheng , Guan Yuan , Zhu Shengyun , Xie Jing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe present study aimed to investigate the preservative effect of chitosan‐caffeic acid grafts coating (CS‐g‐CA) on the quality and microbial characteristics of pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) during iced storage. CS‐g‐CA was prepared by a 1‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐3‐ethylcarbodiimidehydro/N‐hydroxysuccinimide coupling reaction. The grafting of CS‐g‐CA was confirmed by UV‐visible and Fourier‐transform infrared spectra. Samples were treated with distilled water (control), chitosan (CS), caffeic acid (CA) and CS‐g‐CA for 10 min, respectively. Microbiological [total viable count (TVC), H2S‐producing bacteria count, Pseudomonas bacteria count], physicochemical indicators [water holding capacity (WHC), cooking loss, pH, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), texture profile analysis, free amino acids] and sensory evaluation were investigated during ice storage at 4 °C for up to 27 days.RESULTSThe results showed that the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of CS could be improved by grafting CA onto CS. CS‐g‐CA coating could greatly slow down the speed of water loss and maintain WHC. Furthermore, CS‐g‐CA coating showed superior antibacterial activities by inhibiting the growth of TVC, delayed the decline of flavor amino acids and reduced sensory change. In addition, CS‐g‐CA coating reduced lipid oxidation and protein degradation as indicated by the decrease in TBA and TVB‐N, possibly as a result of the addition of CA into CS membrane significantly improving the antioxidant activity of CS.CONCLUSIONCompared with the control group, CS‐g‐CA coating had the optimal effect and could enhance the shelf‐life of Trachinotus ovatus for at least another 9 days. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Single‐molecule real‐time sequencing of the full‐length transcriptome of purple garlic (Allium sativumL. cv. Leduzipi) and identification of serine O‐acetyltransferase family proteins involved in cysteine biosynthesis
Authors: Wang Le , Zhang Chao , Yin Wei , Wei Wei , Wang Yonghong , Sa Wei , Liang Jian 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDGarlic (Allium sativum L.), whose bioactive components are mainly organosulfur compounds (OSCs), is a herbaceous perennial widely consumed as a green vegetable and a condiment. Yet, the metabolic enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of OSCs are not identified in garlic.RESULTSHere, a full‐length transcriptome of purple garlic was generated via PacBio and Illumina sequencing, to characterize the garlic transcriptome and identify key proteins mediating the biosynthesis of OSCs. Overall, 22.56 Gb of clean data were generated, resulting in 454 698 circular consensus sequence (CCS) reads, of which 83.4% (379 206) were identified as being full‐length non‐chimeric reads – their further transcript clustering facilitated identification of 36 571 high‐quality consensus reads. Once corrected, their genome‐wide mapping revealed that 6140 reads were novel isoforms of known genes, and 2186 reads were novel isoforms from novel genes. We detected 1677 alternative splicing events, finding 2902 genes possessing either two or more poly(A) sites. Given the importance of serine O‐acetyltransferase (SERAT) in cysteine biosynthesis, we investigated the five SERAT homologs in garlic. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a three‐tier classification of SERAT proteins, each featuring a serine acetyltransferase domain (N‐terminal) and one or two hexapeptide transferase motifs. Template‐based modeling showed that garlic SERATs shared a common homo‐trimeric structure with homologs from bacteria and other plants. The residues responsible for substrate recognition and catalysis were highly conserved, implying a similar reaction mechanism. In profiling the five SERAT genes’ transcript levels, their expression pattern varied significantly among different tissues.CONCLUSIONThis study's findings deepen our knowledge of SERAT proteins, and provide timely genetic resources that could advance future exploration into garlic's genetic improvement and breeding. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
18F‐FDG positron emission tomography–computed tomography has a low positive predictive value for detecting occult recurrence in asymptomatic patients with high‐risk Stages IIB, IIC, and IIIA melanoma
Authors: Jaeger Zachary J. , Williams Gregory A. , Chen Ling , Mhlanga Joyce C. , Cornelius Lynn A. , Fields Ryan C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesHigh recurrence rates of Stages II and IIIA melanoma make close follow‐up essential, especially with new adjuvant therapies for metastatic disease. However, there are currently no consensus guidelines for routine imaging for Stages IIB, IIC, and IIIA melanoma. The study's aim is to determine the utility of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (18F‐FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for detecting asymptomatic recurrence of melanoma after primary surgical resection.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 158 patients with the American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th edition Stages IIB, IIC, or IIIA cutaneous melanoma who underwent an 18F‐FDG PET/CT from 2010 to 2020. We retrospectively analyzed clinical data after a median follow‐up time of 39 months.ResultsWe calculated a positive predictive value (PPV) of 32% (95% confidence interval: 11%–53%) for 154 routine PET/CTs, including six true positives and 13 false positives (FPs). PPV was 33% for Stage IIB, 50% for Stage IIC, and 14% for Stage IIIA. FPs were mostly benign or inflammatory foci (75%), and some other malignancies were found (21%).ConclusionsThis cohort of patients imaged for high‐risk melanoma demonstrated a high FP rate and low PPV. These findings suggest that routine surveillance with 18F‐FDG PET/CT may not be indicated for monitoring recurrence in this population.
Development and Validation of a Deep Learning Strategy for Automated View Classification of Pediatric Focused Assessment With Sonography for Trauma
Authors: Kornblith Aaron E. , Addo Newton , Dong Ruolei , Rogers Robert , Grupp‐Phelan Jacqueline , Butte Atul , Gupta Pavan , Callcut Rachael A. , Arnaout Rima 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivePediatric focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) is a sequence of ultrasound views rapidly performed by clinicians to diagnose hemorrhage. A technical limitation of FAST is the lack of expertise to consistently acquire all required views. We sought to develop an accurate deep learning view classifier using a large heterogeneous dataset of clinician‐performed pediatric FAST.MethodsWe developed and conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of a deep learning view classifier on real‐world FAST studies performed on injured children less than 18 years old in two pediatric emergency departments by 30 different clinicians. FAST was randomly distributed to training, validation, and test datasets, 70:20:10; each child was represented in only one dataset. The primary outcome was view classifier accuracy for video clips and still frames.ResultsThere were 699 FAST studies, representing 4925 video clips and 1,062,612 still frames, performed by 30 different clinicians. The overall classification accuracy was 97.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 96.0–99.0) for video clips and 93.4% (95% CI: 93.3–93.6) for still frames. Per view still frames were classified with an accuracy: 96.0% (95% CI: 95.9–96.1) cardiac, 99.8% (95% CI: 99.8–99.8) pleural, 95.2% (95% CI: 95.0–95.3) abdominal upper quadrants, and 95.9% (95% CI: 95.8–96.0) suprapubic.ConclusionA deep learning classifier can accurately predict pediatric FAST views. Accurate view classification is important for quality assurance and feasibility of a multi‐stage deep learning FAST model to enhance the evaluation of injured children.
Effect of profilin‐1 on the asymmetric dimethylarginine‐induced vascular lesion‐associated hypertension
Authors: Ni Guo‐Hua , Cheng Jin‐Fang , Li Yuan‐Jian , Xie Qi‐Ying , Yang Tian‐Lun , Chen Mei‐Fang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated that the levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, are strongly associated with hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Profilin‐1, an actin‐binding protein, has been documented to be involved in endothelial injury and in the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells resulting from hypertension. However, the role of profilin‐1 in ADMA‐induced vascular injury in hypertension remains largely unknown. Forty healthy subjects and forty‐two matched patients with essential hypertension were enrolled, and the related indexes of vascular injury in plasma were detected. Rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs) were treated with different concentrations of ADMA for different periods of time and transfected with profilin‐1 small hairpin RNA to interrupt the expression of profilin‐1. To determine the role of the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathway, RASMCs were pretreated with AG490 or rapamycin. The expression of profilin‐1 was tested using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was measured by flow cytometry and 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazoliumbromide assays. Compared with healthy subjects, the levels of ADMA and profilin‐1 were markedly elevated in hypertensive individuals, while the levels of NO were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). In vitro, studies showed ADMA‐induced profilin‐1 expression in a concentration‐ and time‐dependent manner in RASMCs (p < 0.05), concomitantly with promoting the proliferation of RASMCs. Furthermore, ADMA‐mediated proliferation of RASMCs and upregulation expression of profilin‐1 were inhibited by blockade of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway or knockdown of profilin‐1. Profilin‐1 implicated in the ADMA‐mediated vascular lesions in hypertension.
Treatment of RB‐deficient retinoblastoma with Aurora‐A kinase inhibitor
Authors: Yang Wen , Jiang Xing‐Xiu , Zhao Xiao‐Yan , Mao Ping‐An 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRetinoblastoma, also known as ocular cancer, usually affects children under the age of five. The standard of care for managing early‐stage retinoblastoma is a combination of vincristine, carboplatin, and etoposide. However, this combination‐based modality has limited applications owing to its side and late effects. Moreover, in advanced tumor stages, nearly 50% of patients would suffer a partial or full loss of vision. Therefore, therapies that preserve vision and reduce side effects are urgently required. Here, we focused mainly on the common loss‐of‐function (LOF) mutation of retinoblastoma gene 1 (RB1) in advanced retinoblastoma and investigated the synthetic lethality between RB1‐LOF and Aurora kinase inhibition. We showed that Aurora kinase A inhibition could lead to cell mitotic abnormality and apoptosis, and demonstrated in vivo efficacy in a mouse model xenografted with RB1‐deficient retinoblastoma. Our findings provide a promising druggable molecular target and potential clinical strategy for tackling retinoblastoma disease.
Operating theatre nurses' with managerial responsibility: Self‐reported clinical competence and need of competence development in perioperative nursing
Authors: Blomberg Ann‐Catrin , Lindwall Lillemor , Bisholt Birgitta 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate operating theatre nurses (OTNs) with managerial responsibility, and their self‐rated clinical competence and need for competence development in perioperative nursing.DesignA cross‐sectional study was applied using a modified version of Professional Nurse Self‐Assessment Scale of Clinical Core Competence I.MethodData were collected from 303 OTNs in Sweden, 80 of whom indicated that they had managerial responsibility. Statistics analysis was used to identify the relationships between background variables to compare OTNs with and without managerial responsibility and their need for competence development.ResultsOTNs with an academic degree and managerial responsibility self‐rated their clinical competence higher compared with OTNs without an academic degree. It also turned out that OTNs with RN education and 1‐year advanced nursing in theatre care, and master's 60 credits had a lower need for competence development in cooperation and consultation, professional development and critical thinking.
Acinic cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa with reconstruction by submental island flap
Authors: Ogane Satoru , Hiraga Chiho , Suzuki Taiki , Takano Masayuki , Katakura Akira , Nomura Takeshi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe report a case of acinic cell carcinoma (AciCC) of the buccal mucosa with reconstruction by submental island flap.Case PresentationA 79‐year‐old man became aware of a mass on his left buccal mucosa. We diagnosed AciCC and performed resection of malignant salivary gland tumor of buccal mucosa and reconstruction with submental island flap.ConclusionSubmental island flap is considered to be one of the useful options for local reconstruction in the head and neck region, including oral cancer.
The effects of the cross‐linking mechanism of low doses of gamma irradiation on the mechanical, thermal, and viscoelastic properties of the natural rubber latex/poly(styrene‐block‐isoprene‐block‐styrene) block copolymer blend
Authors: Lazim Nurul Hakimah , Hidzir Norsyahidah Mohd , Hamzah Naim Syauqi , Mikihito Takenaka , Shamsudin Siti Aisyah 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNatural rubber latex (NRL) is a natural polymer with versatile properties. However, uncured NRL has low strength and limited practical use. Therefore, we utilized low‐dose gamma irradiation to induce cross‐linking in blended NRL/poly(styrene‐block‐isoprene‐block‐styrene) (SIS). Blends were prepared in various ratios, and the 70NRL/30SIS blend gave optimal mechanical properties. The 70NRL/30SIS blend was then irradiated from 4 to 16 kGy. An exposure of 12 kGy led to the highest tensile strength (4.49 MPa), Young's modulus (0.41 MPa), gel content (45%), and cross‐link density (12.18 × 10−5 mol·cm−3). The results of study show irradiation has improved the crystallinity of the polymer blend, which has been determined by the formation of a new NRL crystal peak at 31.2° and the decrease of the crystallization temperature from 58 to 19°C due to strain‐induced crystallization. Moreover, the radiation has transformed the 70NRL/30SIS blend irradiated at 12 kGy from liquid‐like to an elastic state that degraded at a higher temperature (392.01°C). The presence of a singlet alkyl radical peak was detected in the electron spin resonance. Therefore, the cross‐links are proposed to be C‐C bonds formed via the radiation technique. Irradiation is an effective technique to improve the performance of NRL/SIS blends without introducing any chemical cross‐linking additive.
Temporospatial parameters, shoulder kinematics, and acute tendon changes in four different stroke patterns in male wheelchair users with spinal cord injury
Authors: Korkmaz Nurdan , Yardımcı Gokhan , Yılmaz Bilge 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundManual wheelchair propulsion causes shoulder tendon pathologies in wheelchair users with spinal cord injury. Four different wheelchair stroke patterns can cause varying amounts of acute changes in the shoulder tendons.ObjectiveTo evaluate and compare acute changes in the supraspinatus and biceps tendons and acromiohumeral distance (AHD) after propulsion between different stroke patterns in individuals with spinal cord injury. In addition, to associate tendon changes with demographic and biomechanical characteristics.DesignProspective and comparative study between four groups.SettingTertiary rehabilitation hospital.PatientsMale wheelchair users with spinal cord injury.InterventionsParticipants were divided into four groups according to stroke pattern (arcing, semicircular [SC], single‐loop [SL], and double‐loop [DL]), in which they used their wheelchair on a motorized treadmill at a speed of 1 m/s. A sample of 40 people was created, 10 in each group. All participants performed a propulsion test.Main Outcome MeasuresTemporospatial variables and shoulder kinematics were analyzed. Supraspinatus tendon thickness (SSTT), long head of biceps tendon thickness (LHBTT), and AHD were measured before and after the propulsion test.ResultsSC pattern had lower cadence and larger contact angle. A reduction in SSTT and LHBTT in arcing pattern, LHBTT and AHD in SC pattern, and LHBTT in DL pattern was observed (all p < .05). However, SL pattern did not differ significantly in all ultrasonographic measurements (all p > .05). Body mass index was associated with a decrease in SSTT. Age and number of daily push‐ups were associated with a decrease in AHD.ConclusionsFewer tendon changes after the propulsion in the SL pattern suggested that the supraspinatus and biceps tendons were preserved in this pattern. The SL pattern may be a better choice for male wheelchair users with supraspinatus and biceps tendon pathologies.