bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Homozygosity for a novel A4GALT allele resulting in the rare p phenotype in an Indian blood donor
Authors: Tilley Louise A. , Karamatic Crew Vanja , Tearle Amy , Datta Suvro Sankha , Thornton Nicole M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIndividuals with the rare p phenotype have red cells lacking P, P1 and Pk antigens and make clinically significant anti‐PP1Pk. The phenotype arises from inactivating mutations in A4GALT, which encodes the enzyme responsible for production of P1 and Pk. We present results from serological and molecular investigations of a case of anti‐PP1Pk with a novel molecular background of the p phenotype.Materials and MethodsSamples from a 32‐year‐old Indian blood donor were investigated due to the presence of a pan‐reactive alloantibody, together with samples from his sister and mother. Standard serological investigations and A4GALT sequencing were performed.ResultsThe donor was found to have p phenotype, and his plasma contained anti‐PP1Pk. Sequencing revealed a rare homozygous missense mutation in A4GALT (c.526G>A; p.Asp176Asn; rs371893172; frequency 0.00007), representing a novel null allele. The sister was heterozygous for this allele, while surprisingly the mother did not carry the allele. Enquiries revealed the mother was not the donor's biological mother, explaining the perceived discrepant sequencing results.ConclusionWe have identified homozygosity for a novel A4GALT null allele (carrying c.526G>A, p.Asp176Asn), resulting in lack of functional 4‐α‐galactosyltransferase and a p phenotype, adding to the catalogue of known genetic backgrounds of this rare phenotype.
A structural equation model predicts chronic wound healing time using patient characteristics and wound microbiome composition
Authors: Ancira Jacob , Gabrilska Rebecca , Tipton Craig , Miller Clint , Stickley Zachary , Omeir Khalid , Wakeman Catherine , Little Todd , Wolcott Joseph , Philips Caleb D. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWound aetiology, host characteristics and the wound microbiome contribute to chronic wound development. Yet, there is little accounting for the relative importance of these factors to predict wound healing. Here, a structural equation model was developed to provide such an explanatory and predictive framework. Chronic wounds from 565 patients treated at a clinic practicing biofilm‐based wound care were included. Patient information included DNA sequencing‐based wound microbiome clinical reports corresponding to the initial clinical visit. Wound microbiome data was integrated into the SEM as a latent variable using a pre‐modelling parcel optimization routine presented herein for the first time (available as R library parcelR). A microbiome latent construct associated with improved healing was validated, and the final SEM included this latent construct plus three species associated with diminished healing (Anaerococcus vaginalis, Finegoldia magna and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), as well as smoking, wound volume, slough, exudate, edema, percent granulation and wound etiology. This model explained 46% of variations in healing time, with the microbiome contributing the largest proportion of variance explained. Model validity was confirmed with an independent cohort (n = 79) through which ~60% of the variation in healing time was predicted. This model can serve as a foundation for the development of a predictive tool that may have clinical utility.
Ind‐étale versus formally étale
Authors: Mondal Shubhodip , Mukhopadhyay Alapan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe show that when is a reduced algebra over a characteristic zero field and the module of Kähler differentials , then is ind‐étale, partially answering a question of Bhatt. As further applications of this result, we deduce a rigidity property of Hochschild homology and special instances of Weibel's conjecture and Vorst's conjecture without any noetherian assumptions.
Numerical computation of time-averaged acoustic radiation force on arbitrarily-shaped particles using an improved immersed boundary method
Authors: Xie Fangtao , Li Yapeng , Wang Kailun , Qu Yegao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This work focuses on the numerical computations of the second-order time-averaged acoustic radiation force on solid particles with complex geometries based on perturbation theory and linear scattering approximation. The acoustic field scattered by arbitrarily shaped particles immersed in inviscid fluid is computed using the finite-difference time-domain method with a fourth-order dispersion-relation-preserving scheme, which serves as the basis for radiation force calculation. The infinite fluid domain is truncated into a finite computational domain by defining perfectly matched layers at computational boundaries. A meticulous immersed boundary method is developed to represent the interface between an irregularly shaped solid and the Cartesian computational grid, improving the precision of the computed acoustic radiation force. Based on the proposed method, the acoustic radiation force acting on a rigid elliptical cylinder exerted by planar standing acoustic waves is computed first, and the accuracy of the computed results is verified by comparing them with reference solutions obtained using the finite element method. Additionally, the dependences of the computational precision of the acoustic radiation force on some key parameters are assessed, and the criterions for determining the parameter values are developed to avoid the excessive constraint phenomenon which may occur in the numerical results. Finally, numerical examples of computing the acoustic radiation force on solid particles with complex geometries are implemented to check the effectiveness of the proposed numerical method.
Implications for developing global health education in China: evidence from an undergraduate teamwork with role-play
Authors: Cai Yi , Chen Hong , Wu Chenkai , Joarder Taufique , Pang Junxiong , Chen Chen 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundSince 2012, China has had one degreed undergraduate programme in global health for domestic students. The International Health Project Management course is a core component of this programme’s curriculum, bridging theoretical knowledge to practice in global health engagement. This study aims to evaluate whether introducing a teamwork and role-play module would meet the learning objectives, including improving students’ perception of global health, enhancing their understanding of the management processes for global health projects, and eventually developing competencies for effective global health involvement.MethodsThe teamwork role-play module was used in a scenario assuming that all students played a specific role in project management in the ‘Health System Enhancement for Pandemic Preparedness in Southeast and South Asian Countries’ programme. This programme called for proposals to implement a project in at least one country in Southeast or South Asia. We conducted a content analysis using two types of materials from the students: (1) concept note and proposal presentations and (2) students’ responses to the open-question feedback survey with four questions.ResultsStudents addressed the colonial origins of global health and its evolving definition, emphasising the need for a broader interdisciplinary approach. They perceived China’s role in global health as evolving from a recipient to a donor, collaborator or participator, with a focus on enhancing soft power. However, their inadequate background knowledge of global health issues hindered their ability to undertake the tasks in depth. Students provided positive feedback on the teamwork with the role-play module, highlighting improved efficiency, broader and deeper learning through communication, increased participation, etc. Challenges such as poor leadership in teamwork, communication breakdowns and unequal workload distribution were identified.ConclusionsStudents showed a comprehensive understanding of managing a global health project through their teamwork tasks. Introducing teaching assistants to support teamwork, providing more hands-on opportunities, and integrating a broader range of disciplines into the curriculum will be crucial for the continued development of effective global health education programmes.
Relationship of long-term air pollution exposure with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: an Italian multicentre observational study
Authors: Maio Sara , Fasola Salvatore , Marcon Alessandro , Angino Anna , Baldacci Sandra , Bilò Maria Beatrice , Bono Roberto , Fois Alessandro Giuseppe , La Grutta Stefania , Marchetti Pierpaolo , Sarno Giuseppe , Squillacioti Giulia , Stanisci Ilaria , Pirina Pietro , Tagliaferro Sofia , Verlato Giuseppe , Villani Simona , Gariazzo Claudio , Stafoggia Massimo , Viegi Giovanni 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundRecent evidence showed that 50% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be attributable to air pollution. We aimed to investigate the association between long-term air pollution exposure and COPD symptoms/diagnosis in an Italian epidemiological study.MethodsA total of 14 420 adults living in Ancona, Pavia, Pisa, Sassari, Turin and Verona were investigated in 2005–2011. Data on risk factors and health outcomes were collected by questionnaires; mean annual concentrations of particulate matters (PM) like PM10and PM2.5as well as NO2and mean summer concentrations of O3(µg/m3) at residential level with a 1 km resolution (period 2013–2015) were obtained by machine learning techniques. The relationship of pollutant exposure and COPD prevalence was assessed by logistic regression models (single pollutant) and principal component logistic regression models (multipollutant) adjusting for sex, age, education level, smoking habits, season of interview, and city-specific climatic index and including a random intercept for cohorts.ResultsA 10 µg/m3increase of PM10, PM2.5and NO2exposure was related to COPD diagnosis and symptoms (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.65 for PM2.5; OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.54 for PM10and OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.15 for NO2) using a multipollutant approach. Similar results emerged for dyspnoea (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.47 for PM2.5; OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.39 for PM10and OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.11 for NO2). Associations between COPD symptoms and summer O3were less clear. By multipollutant models, OR estimates were lower than those by single pollutant models.ConclusionsFurther evidence about the relationship between air pollution and respiratory effects in Italian adults was provided indicating PM as the main driver.
Clinical implication of regional osteopenia in complex regional pain syndrome: a retrospective comparative study
Authors: Kim Jeongsoo , Rho Hyungsang , Yoo Yongjae , Cha Joon , Park Sunghoon , Kim Hangaram , Omar Sanihah Che , Moon Jee Youn 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundDespite the significant role of impaired bone metabolism in complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), the clinical implications of osteopenia remain a focal point of investigation. We examined the prevalence and risk factors of affected limb osteopenia in CRPS and its association with the response to sympathetic blockade.Methods167 patients with CRPS who underwent CT of their affected limbs were retrospectively reviewed. After conducting univariable analyses where regional osteopenia determined by CT was dependent and other clinical factors were independent variables, the first multivariable analysis assessed risk predictors associated with regional osteopenia in CRPS. Next, after conducting univariable analyses where sympathetic block response was dependent and others, including regional osteopenia, were independent variables, the second multivariable model predicted factors associated with the response to sympathetic blockades, followed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ResultsAmong 116 patients, regional osteopenia was identified in 72.2% early (<1 year) and 52.5% persistent CRPS. In the first multivariable analysis adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and other variables with p values<0.1 from initial univariable analyses, older age (OR 1.06; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.10) and positive three-phase bone scintigraphy (TPBS) (OR 3.94; 95% CI 1.46 to 10.66) were significantly associated with regional osteopenia. In the second multivariable model adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and other variables with p values<0.1 from univariable analyses, early phase (OR 5.49; 95% CI 1.44 to 20.88), regional osteopenia (OR 5.11; 95% CI 1.49 to 17.53), and positive TPBS (OR 6.30; 95% CI 2.21 to 17.93) were significantly associated with positive responses to sympathetic blockade in CRPS, showing excellent performance characteristics with a predicted probability>0.358 (sensitivity 0.86; specificity 0.76).ConclusionRegional osteopenia in the affected limb can anticipate positive responses to sympathetic blockade when combined with TPBS in early CRPS.
Associations between baseline pain, depressive symptoms, and unpaid caregiving needs and 1-year postdischarge outcomes among seriously ill older adults admitted for trauma
Authors: Dhanani Hiba , Wang Yihan , Bollens-Lund Evan , Reich Amanda , Wong Jolene , Ankuda Claire , Lipsitz Stuart , Gray Tamryn , Kim Dae Hyun , Ritchie Christine , Cooper Zara 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundMany older adults with trauma have pre-existing serious illness like dementia, frailty, and organ insufficiency and are candidates for palliative care to improve outcomes and reduce downstream healthcare utilization. We hypothesize that baseline pain, depressive symptoms, and unpaid caregiving needs are associated with increased healthcare utilization in the year after trauma admission in seriously ill older adults.MethodsUsing the Health and Retirement Study (2008–2018) linked to Medicare claims, we identified adults aged ≥66 years admitted for trauma. We assessed pre-admission pain (none/mild vs moderate/severe), depressive symptoms (no—Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) <3 vs yes—CES-D ≥3) and unpaid caregiving needs (none vs any); and hospital characteristics: trauma center designation and palliative care service. The χ2tests were used for categorical variables, and t-tests were used for continuous variables. Associations of pain, depressive symptoms, unpaid caregiving needs with healthcare utilization were tested with negative binomial and Poisson regression models.ResultsAmong 1693 older adults with serious illness, a third (35.7%) were older than 85 years, two-thirds were female (67.5%), and almost all were White (88.7%). Before trauma, 36.4% reported moderate/severe pain, 40.2% reported depressive symptoms (CES-D >3), and 34.9% reported any amount of hours/week of unpaid caregiving needs. Adjusted analyses demonstrated that compared with those without depressive symptoms, seriously ill older adults with depressive symptoms were less likely to be alive (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.61, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.91), had more emergency room visits (IRR 1.62, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.27), and more hospital visits (IRR 1.48, 95% CI 1.08 to 2.03) in the year after admission. Adjusted analyses of association of pain and caregiving with healthcare utilization were not significant.ConclusionsSeriously ill older trauma patients with depressive symptoms have increased healthcare utilization in the year after discharge. Palliative care interventions may improve patient outcomes and reduce postdischarge healthcare utilization.Level of evidenceIII.
The Effect of Stress Ball Utilization on Dyspnea Severity and Anxiety Level in Patients Receiving Nebulizer Therapy: Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Ceyhan Yasemin , Güler Sevil , Şahan Seda 
Published: February 2025

Aim: The study primarily aimed at examining the effect of stress ball utilization on dyspnea and anxiety during nebulizer therapy. The secondary aim was to determine the effect of stress ball utilization on the duration of therapy and vital signs.Methods: The study has a randomized controlled experimental design. The study population consisted of inpatients receiving nebulizer therapy. A total of 80 patients, 40 in the intervention group and 40 in the control group, were included in the sample. The study was conducted between October 2023 and March 2024. Patients in the intervention group were asked to use a stress ball during nebulizer therapy. Data were collected using a Patient Information Form, the Visual Analog Scale, and the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory. Descriptive statistics, Chi‐square, paired test, and one sample t‐test were used in data analysis.Results: The mean age of the patients was 65 years and over and 78% of them had COPD. Stress ball utilization caused a significant effect on the severity of dyspnea (intervention: t = 2.862, p <  0.001; control: t = 2.755, p < 0.001) and anxiety levels (intervention: t = 4.647, p < 0.001; control: t = 6.597, p < 0.001) in intragroup comparisons. In intergroup comparisons, a significant difference (tı = 4.455, p < 0.001) was obtained in anxiety level with a high effect (d = 0.70). In addition, the durations of nebulizer (minutes) administration were significantly (p < 0.001) longer in the intervention group (19.10 ± 11.95) than in the control group (13.16 ± 3.02). Stress ball utilization did not affect vital signs and saturation values (p > 0.05).Conclusions: Utilization of a stress ball during nebulizer therapy has a positive effect on reducing anxiety levels and prolonging the duration of nebulizer use.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06297356
Profiles and Influencing Factors of Work–Family Balance Among Nurses in China: A Cross‐Sectional Study Based on Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Tang Qian , Wang Yijia , Zhang Chi , Zhao Yuefan , Zhou Xinjie , Huang Jie , Yao Jun 
Published: February 2025

Aim: To profile the work–family balance (WFB) among clinical nurses and identify their influencing factors.Background: WFBs take on various patterns in nurses. Nurses with different characteristics exhibit various patterns of WFB.Methods: A cross‐sectional study was performed, involving 1292 nurses from public hospitals in Jiangsu Province from February to April 2024. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was employed to categorize the data, and multinominal logistic regression analysis to determine factors influencing WFB.Results: A total of 1718 questionnaires were distributed, yielding 1292 valid responses (a response rate of 75.2%). The total score of WFB was 44.35 ± 8.693 points. The LPA revealed three profiles of WFB: the family priority group (28.1%), the balanced adaptation group (46.8%), and the challenge coping group (25.1%). The entropy value was high (0.892), indicating a correct classification. Multivariate regression analyses showed that professional title, department, nonclinical work pressure, organizational identification, work meaning, and self‐efficacy as factors influencing WFB profiles.Conclusion: The WFB among nurses was at a moderate level with significant heterogeneity and could be divided into three profiles. The challenge coping group presented lower professional titles and higher self‐efficacy, and working at surgical, pediatric, and other specialized departments. Managers can tailor intervention strategies based on the characteristics and influencing factors of each profile.Implications for Nursing Management: Nursing managers must consider the characteristics of high‐risk groups and factors that affect WFB and take targeted measures to mitigate work–family conflicts (WFC) among nurses and stabilize the nursing workforce.
Mindful Self‐Care and Compassion Fatigue in Nurses: The Chain Mediating Roles of Resilience and Professional Identity
Authors: Wei Junfan , Yun Zhengcheng , Zhang Yang , Liang Yongqi , Hu Ziping , Gao Chanchan , Tang Xiaona , Liu Hanjiao 
Published: February 2025

Aim: To investigate the relationship between mindful self‐care and compassion fatigue and the chain mediating effects of resilience and professional identity.Background: Compassion is a critical quality for nurses, but they often face the risk of compassion fatigue.Methods: From October 2023 to May 2024, a cross‐sectional survey was conducted in six tertiary hospitals in Guangdong, Henan, and Jiangsu provinces by convenience sampling. A total of 1315 clinical nurses in the hospital were surveyed using the Social–demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, the Chinese Version of the Brief Mindful Self‐Care Scale, the Chinese Version of the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, the Professional Identity Scale for Nurses, and the Chinese Version of the Compassion Fatigue Short Scale. The mediation model was analyzed using a bias‐corrected bootstrapping method with PROCESS 4.1 implemented in SPSS 26.0.Results: Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between nurses’ mindful self‐care, resilience, and professional identity. Mindful self‐care, resilience, and professional identity were negatively correlated with compassion fatigue. Resilience played a partial mediating role between mindful self‐care and compassion fatigue. Professional identity also played a partial mediating role between mindful self‐care and compassion fatigue; mindful self‐care affected compassion fatigue through resilience and professional identity.Conclusion: Nurses’ mindful self‐care can affect compassion fatigue through the mediating role of resilience and professional identity. In the future, attention should be paid to cultivating nurses’ mindful self‐care ability and resilience and improving nurses’ professional identity, which may help to reduce nurses’ compassion fatigue.
Determinants of Response to Sequential Pembrolizumab with Trastuzumab Plus Platinum/5FU in HER2-positive Gastric Cancer: A Phase II Chemoimmunotherapy Trial
Authors: Lim Sung Hee , An Minae , Lee Hyuk , Heo You Jeong , Min Byung-Hoon , Mehta Arnav , Wright Samuel , Kim Kyoung-Mee , Kim Seung Tae , Klempner Samuel J. , Lee Jeeyun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Purpose: Adding pembrolizumab to first-line 5FU/platinum chemotherapy plus trastuzumab improves outcomes in advanced HER2+ gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas, but the benefit is largely confined to dual HER2+ and PD-L1+ patients. To assess the contributions of components, we conducted a phase II trial evaluating 5FU/platinum/trastuzumab and added pembrolizumab in cycle 2 in patients with metastatic HER2+ disease. Patients and Methods: Treatment naive advanced HER2+ gastroesophageal cancer patients underwent a baseline biopsy, and received a single dose of 5FU/platinum with trastuzumab followed by repeat biopsy. Pembrolizumab was added, and a third biopsy was performed after 6 cycles. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included progression free (PFS), and overall survival. Exploratory biomarker analysis and dynamic changes in HER2 and PD-L1 were prespecified. Results: Sixteen patients were enrolled. The ORR was 69%, and the median PFS was 11.9 months. Serial whole-exome, single-cell RNA, T-cell receptor sequencing and spatial transcriptomics from pre-treatment and on-treatment samples revealed early trastuzumab-induced natural killer cell infiltration in HER2+ tumor beds and an increase in Fc receptor (FcR) gamma III expression in macrophages, suggesting that trastuzumab directs FcR-mediated antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. This favorable remodeling was enhanced by the addition of pembrolizumab, primarily in PD-L1+ samples. We observed TGF-β signaling in HER2-negative tumor regions, which was associated with non-responder status. Conclusions: These data highlight the biology of intratumoral heterogeneity, and the impact of tumor and immune cell features on clinical outcomes and may partly explain the lesser magnitude of pembrolizumab benefit in HER2+ and PD-L1 negative subgroups.