bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ebola virus infection induces a type I interferon response and the shutdown of key liver functions in human iPSC-derived hepatocytes
Authors: Manhart Whitney , Mancio Liliana , Suder Ellen , Villacorta-Martin Carlos , Lindstrom-Vautrin Jonathan , Bernbaum John , Mazur Steve , Johnson Reed , Mithal Aditya , Olejnik Judith , Hume Adam , Kaserman Joseph , Wilson Andrew A , Bhatia Sangeeta , Mühlberger Elke , Mostoslavsky Gustavo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Liver damage and an exacerbated inflammatory response are hallmarks of Ebola virus (EBOV) infection. Little is known about the intrinsic response to infection in human hepatocytes and their contribution to the observed inflammatory response. Here, we present an iPSC-derived hepatocyte platform to define the hepato-intrinsic response to EBOV infection. Transcriptomics analysis revealed a delayed host response with minimal transcriptomic changes at one day post infection (dpi) followed by a general downregulation of genes associated with hepatic functions and upregulation of interferon signaling at two and three dpi. Using RNA-FISH, we showed at single cell resolution that IFNβ and CXCL10 were mainly expressed in bystander cells or cells with weak EBOV mRNA signal intensity. We did not observe an inflammatory signature at any timepoint. In conclusion, iPSC-derived hepatocytes are an immune competent platform to study intrinsic responses to EBOV infection that have not been observed in EBOV-infected hepatocarcinoma cell lines.
Metabolomic Analysis of the Cerebrospinal Fluid in Latent Syphilis and Neurosyphilis Patients
Authors: Deng Jiaheng , Xu Dongmei , Chen Fengxin , Liu Liguo , Cai Shengnan , Hu Yongfeng , Chen Zhe , Zheng Jianhua , Qi Jin , Lun Wenhui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The infection rate of syphilis continues to rise, and the difficulty in detecting and treating neurosyphilis promptly needs to be resolved. The metabolic profiles of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of different patients were analyzed to understand the pathogenesis of syphilis better. Method: The metabolic profiles of 88 CSF samples from patients were analyzed by UPLC-Q Exactive-MS. The experimental process was evaluated by PCA, PLS-DA, and HCA. T-test statistics were used to compare levels of metabolites to determine significant differences between groups. Pathway analysis was based on the KEGG database.Result: In total, 272 metabolites based on 3937 features obtained in ESI- mode and 252 metabolites based on 3799 features in ESI+ mode were identified. A clear separation between latent syphilis and neurosyphilis was found. Levels of lipid and linoleic acid metabolites, such as 9-OxoODE and 9,10,13-TriHOME, were increased in syphilis patients. In patients with neurosyphilis, significant changes in levels of 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan (5-HTP) and acetyl-N-formyl-5-methoxykynurenamine (AFMK) in the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway were also detected. Only one metabolite, theophylline, differed significantly between symptomatic and asymptomatic neurosyphilis patients. Additionally, KEGG analysis revealed significant enrichment of tryptophan metabolism pathways, indicating a high correlation between tryptophan metabolism and syphilis symptoms. Conclusions: Levels of linoleic acid metabolites, 5-HTP, AFMK and theophylline were significantly altered in different patients. The role of these differential metabolites in the development of syphilis is worthy of further exploration, probably improving the treatment and diagnosis of neurosyphilis and occult syphilis in the future.
Integrative Analysis of Key Candidate Genes and Signaling Pathways in Alzheimer’s disease Related to Chronic Periodontitis Based on Analysis of GEO Dataset and Text Mining
Authors: Jiang Zhengye , Shi Yanxi , Zhao Wenpeng , Zhang Bingchang , Xie Yuanyuan , Zhang Yaya , Wang Zhanxiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Although chronic periodontitis has been confirmed to be related to Alzheimer’s disease, the pathogenesis between the two is unclear. Herein, we analyzed and screened out the prospective molecular marker.Methods: To explore the candidate genes, as well as signaling cascades involved in Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) related to chronic periodontitis, we extracted the integrated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the intersection of genes from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohorts and text mining, followed by enrichment of the matching cell signal cascade through DAVID analysis. Moreover, the MCODE of Cytoscape software was employed to uncover the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the matching hub gene.Results: A total of 305 and 100 integrated human DEGs in AD and MCI group associated with chronic periodontitis were uncovered, respectively, that met the criteria of |log2 changes| ≥2, adjusted P <0.01. After PPI network construction, the top five hub genes associated with AD were extracted, including IL6, VEGFA, AKT1, MAPK3, and ALB, whereas those associated with MCI were EGFR, IL10, IGF1, BMP2, and LDLR. Conclusions: The establishment of the above-mentioned candidate key genes, as well as the enriched signaling cascades provides promising molecular marker for chronic periodontitis-related cognitive decline, especially AD, which may help the diagnosis and treatment of AD patients in the future.
Identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and detecting c-reactive protein (CRP) levels associated with posterior circulation ischemia and cerebral infarction
Authors: Chen Wanhua , Lin Teng , Xiao Lei , Cai Wenjie , Zeng Zhiwei , Sun Tao , Chen Renliang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Posterior circulation ischemia (PCI) and cerebral infarction (CI) are major cerebrovascular diseases. Screening potential genetic variations such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in the immune system pathway is a reliable assessment of potential risk factors for PCI and CI. Moreover, C-reactive protein (CRP) is recognized as a sensitive biomarker for systemic inflammation and secondary lesions related to cerebrovascular diseases, which has a significant clinical significance.Methods: We collected whole blood and plasma samples from 39 healthy controls, 23 PCI and 18 CI subjects. Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) was used to detect mutations in SNPs. The plasma CRP levels were measured using the newly developed single molecule array (Simoa) method. Results: We detected mutations in three SNPs such as rs3093077, rs3917368 and rs4129267, which are associated with an increased risk of PCI and CI. We also captured a significant increase in Simoa-measured CRP levels in plasma of patients with PCI and CI, compared to healthy controls.Conclusions: These three identified SNPs can be used as a prediction and evaluation of risk for PCI and CI. Our results demonstrate the high sensitivity of Simoa in detecting plasma CRP levels. Our study highlights that AS-PCR and Simoa technology can be used as sensitive clinical diagnostic methods for PCI and CI.
Implanting Melatonin at Lambing Enhances Lamb Growth and Maintains High Fat Content in Milk
Authors: Abecia José Alfonso , Luis Silvia , Canto Francisco 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Recent studies have shown that melatonin implants administered during pregnancy reduced neonatal lamb mortality and produced high survival rates at weaning. This study was designed to quantify the effects of melatonin implantation of ewes and lambs immediately after lambing on the growth of lambs and the quality of milk throughout lactation.Results: In experiment 1, treatment with melatonin the lambs did not have a significant effect on liveweight (LW) (±S.E.M.) at weaning or average daily gain (ADG) until weaning. These results were similar in experiment 2, although lambs reared by melatonin-implanted ewes presented significantly (P<0.05) higher LW at weaning and ADG than did lambs from control ewes. The effect of melatonin implantation of the mothers was particularly evident in male lambs, so that male lambs reared by treated ewes presented significantly higher LW at week 2, 3, and 4 than did male lambs reared by control ewes. The fat content of milk was significantly (P<0.05) higher in implanted ewes than it was in control ewes at day 45 of lactation. Protein and lactose content of milk did not differ significantly between groups. In experiment 3, using artificially-reared lambs, melatonin treatment of the lambs at birth did not have a significant effect on LW at weaning, or ADG. Conclusions: Melatonin treatment of ewes at lambing induced a high growth rate of their lambs and increased the fat content of the milk; however, the direct treatment with melatonin of the lambs at birth did not have an effect in their growth rate.
Accuracy of Screw Placement and Fusion Rate after Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion with O-arm Navigation: A Review of 475 Patients
Authors: Kuansongtham Verapan , Wasinpongwanich Kanthika , Lwin Khin Myat Myat , Kesornsak Withawin , Pongpirul Krit 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose

To evaluate the accuracy of screw placement and fusion rate after the minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) technique under O-arm navigation.
Methods

In 475 consecutive patients at a single-center, the accuracy of screw placement was evaluated on intraoperative O-arm imaging. Misplaced screws were investigated to identify the direction of deviation and associated clinical outcomes. The fusion rate was evaluated on postoperative computed tomography scan at 1 and 2 year(s). The assessment of screw placement and fusion level was analyzed for inter-rater reliability and reported as a kappa value. Accuracy of screw placement (Gertzbein-Robbins Classification), extent of fusion (Bridwell Interbody Fusion Grading System), and complications were considered as outcome measures.
Results

A retrospective data analysis from 2,098 pedicle screws in 475 patients. The mean age of participants was 56.61 ± 12.30 years, and 45.26% were female. Their ethnicities were as follows: Asian (58.74%), Caucasian (20.21%), Middle-eastern (14.32%), and African (6.74%). The final fusion levels were single (80.63%), two (18.11%), three (1.05%), and four (0.21%). There were L4/L5 as the most prevalent placement (55.35%), followed by L5/S1 (36.29%), L3/L4 (5.22%), L2/L3 (2.35%), L1/L2 (0.52%), and S1/S2 (0.26%). Seven out of 2,098 screws were breaches. None of screw needed immediate revision. In total, 99.66% of the screws were grade A (no breach), 0.19% were grade B (breach < 2 mm) and 0.14% were grade C (breach < 4mm).
Conclusion

The accuracy of pedicle screw insertion was 99.66%, with a fusion rate of 95.45% after MIS-TLIF under O-arm navigation. Breaches were not associated with poor clinical outcomes or fusion rates.
A method of value measurement based on conditional probability theory in economics
Authors: Xi Gang , Yang Xiaoyi , Xi Ming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Value is one of the most fundamental concepts in economics. The existing main definitions of value have certain limitations and are difficult to be unified and quantified. Thus, this article presents a method of quantifying value based on the conditional probability theory; we set value as a random variable, a price is the value of the good in terms of money, according to the price’s historical records, quantitative statistics and human experiences, and thus uses conditional probability distribution to measure value. Furthermore, the mean and variance of random variables are used to describe the weighted average of the possible values and the dispersion of values distribution. This method provides a new perspective for the measurement of value.
Copenhagen Index versus ROMA in the preoperative ovarian malignancy risk stratification: result from the first Vietnamese prospective cohort study
Authors: Tran Doan Tu , Vo Van Khoa , Le Minh Tam , Chuang Linus , Nguyen Vu Quoc Huy 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performances of the Copenhagen Index (CPH-I) and Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm (ROMA) in the preoperative prediction of ovarian cancer.Methods: In a prospective cohort study, data were collected from 475 patients with ovarian masses who were hospitalized at the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hue Central Hospital and Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Vietnam, between January 2018 and June 2020. ROMA and CPH-I were included for the women who had measurements of serum carbohydrate antigen (CA-125) and human epididymis protein (HE4). Matching these values to postoperative histopathology resulted in the preoperative prediction values. The final diagnosis was based on clinical features, histologic, radiologic findings, and the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2014 stages of ovarian cancer were recorded.Results: Among the 475 women, 408 had benign tumors, 5 had borderline tumors and 62 had malignant tumors. The two indices showed similar discriminatory performances with no significant differences (p > 0.05). At an optimal cut-off, the sensitivities/specificities of ROMA and CPH-I for ovarian cancer diagnosis were 76.1% and 87.0%, 83.6% and 78.7%, respectively. The optimal cut-off for CPH-I was 1.89%. The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) of ROMA and CPH-I were 0.860 (95%CI: 0.825 – 0.890) and 0.868 (95%CI: 0.833 – 0.896), respectively.Conclusions: The introduction of the Copenhagen Index to help stratify the malignancy risk of ovarian tumor, irrespective of menopausal status might be applied as a simple alternative with a similar efficacy to ROMA in clinical practice.
Electronic Health Record-Based Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis and Mendelian Randomization Identify Metabolic and Phenotypic Consequences of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Ghodsian Nooshin , Abner Erik , Emdin Connor A. , Gobeil Émilie , Taba Nele , Haas Mary J. , Perrot Nicolas , Manikpurage Hasanga D. , Gagnon Éloi , Bourgault Jérôme , St-Amand Alexis , Couture Christian , Mitchell Patricia , Bossé Yohan , Mathieu Patrick , Vohl Marie-Claude , Tchernof André , Thériault Sébastien , Khera Amit V. , Esko Tõnu , Arsenault Benoit 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex disease linked with several chronic diseases. We aimed at identifying genetic variants associated with NAFLD as well as blood biomarkers that may be causally impacted by NAFLD. We performed a genome-wide meta-analysis of four cohorts of electronic health record-documented NAFLD (8434 cases and 770,180 controls) and confirmed known susceptibility loci (GCKR, MAU2/TM6SF2, APOE, and PNPLA3). We also identified potentially new loci (LPL, FTO and TR1B1) and report an effect of lower LPL expression in adipose tissue on NAFLD susceptibility. Mendelian randomization analyses identified an effect of NAFLD on tyrosine metabolism and on blood levels of three proteins. Positive genetic correlations between NAFLD and cardiometabolic traits and negative genetic correlations with parental lifespan, socio-economic factors and ketone bodies were observed. Altogether, this analysis revealed novel susceptibility loci for NAFLD and early biomarkers of NAFLD that could be used to identify patients with NAFLD.
First report on molecular identification of Anisakis simplex in Oncorhynchus nerka from the fish market, with taxonomical issues within Anisakidae
Authors: Safonova Alina E. , Voronova Anastasia N. , Vainutis Konstantin S. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Alive anisakids cause acute gastrointestinal diseases, and dead worms contained in food can provoke sensibilization and allergic reactions in humans. Detected in the purchased minced salmon Oncorhynchus nerka nematodes were identified as Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (Anisakidae). We found that recently published phylogenetic trees (reconstructed using different ribosomal and mitochondrial genetic markers) showed independent clusterization of species recognized in the A. simplex sensu lato species complex. This prompted us to undertake this full-fledged molecular genetics study of anisakids from Kamchatka with phylogenetic reconstructions (NJ/ML) and calculated ranges of interspecific and intergeneric p-distances using ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequences. We confirmed that molecular markers based on the ITS region of rDNA were able to recognize ‘pure’ specimens belonging to the cryptic species. We offer new insights into the systematics of anisakids. The genus Anisakis sensu stricto should include Anisakis simplex sensu stricto, Anisakis pegreffii, Anisakis berlandi, Anisakis ziphidarum, and Anisakis nascettii. Presumably, two genera should be restored in the structure of the subfamily Anisakinae: Skrjabinisakis for the species Anisakis paggiae, Anisakis brevispiculata, and Anisakis physeteris; and Peritrachelius for the species Anisakis typica. In addition, we provide the short annotated list of some genera of the family Anisakidae, including their diagnoses.
IMPACT OF FOLIAR-APPLIED DORMANCY-BREAKING AGENTS ON FLOWERING BEHAVIOR, YIELD, FRUIT QUALITY, AND SOME CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF “EIN SHAMER” APPLE TREES
Authors: EL-YAZAL MOHAMED A SEIF , EL-YAZAL SAMIR A SEIF 
Published: March 2021

Objective: This investigation was carried out during the two successive seasons of 2016 and 2017 to investigate the effect of Dormex, mineral oil, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, and thiourea on bud break, growth, yield, and some chemical constituents of “Ein Shamer” apple (Malus sylvestris, Mill) variety.
Methods: The trees were grown in loamy sand soil, and sprayed with six treatments (Dormex (4%), mineral oil (5%), potassium nitrate (8%), calcium nitrate (8%), and thiourea (2%) and control.
Results: In general, it was found that all studied growth parameters, date of flower bud break, percentage of bud break, fruit-setting, fruit weight, fruit size, fruit number/tree, yield/tree (kg), and some chemical constituents of leaves (total chlorophyll, total carbohydrates, total protein, nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium contents) and some chemical constituents of fruits total soluble solids (T.S.S.), T.S.S./acid ratio, Vitamin C, water content %, total free amino acids, total carbohydrates, total sugars, and reducing sugars) were increased with the application of the different treatments.
Conclusion: The best results were obtained from the treatment of Dormex at 4% and mineral oil (5%). On the contrary, the same treatment decreased total acidity and total phenols in fruits as compared to the control. It could be recommended to use Dormex at 4% and mineral oil (5%) for improving bud break, growth, yield, and chemical constituents of apple trees or fruits.
SONOGRAPHIC REFERENCE LUMINAL DIAMETER OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA AMONG SUBJECTS IN NIGERIA
Authors: S. OKPALEKE MICHAEL , C. IKAMAISE VALENTINE , K. AGWU KENNETH , C. UGWU ANTHONY , P. OGOLODOM MICHAEL 
Published: March 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to develop a reference luminal diameter (LD) of the abdominal aorta (AA) in Abuja, Nigeria.
Methods: The LD of the AA of 422 male and female healthy subjects was measured sonographically using standard protocol. The relationship between age, body mass index (BMI), gender, and the LD of the AA was determined in the subjects. Statistical analysis was performed by the Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient at p < 0.05 level of significance.
Results: The values of the LD of the AA in the healthy subjects were 15.16 ± 0.55 mm in males and 15.15 ± 0.55 mm in females. The 5th and 95th percentile normal reference limits of the AA were 14.20–16.10 mm, respectively. There were no significant differences in the LD measurements in male and female subjects. Age correlated strongly positively with LD (ɼ=0.90) of the AA in both genders. BMI showed weak positive correlation with LD (ɼ=0.136) of the AA in female healthy subjects only.
Conclusion: The reference LD of the AA in the study population was 15.16 ± 0.55 mm in males and 15.15 ± 0.55 mm in females. The LD of the AA increased proportionately with age.
DETERMINATION OF PREVALENCE RATE OF ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA AMONG CHILDREN DIAGNOSED WITH ACUTE DIARRHEA IN KANO, NIGERIA
Authors: S ADAM JA’AFAR , G YAHAYA MUSA , S NAS FAROUK , MU’AZU LURWAN , ALI MUHAMMAD 
Published: March 2021

Background: Diarrhea is a major contributor to childhood mortality and morbidity in the developing world.
Objective: The study was aimed to determine the prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica among children diagnosed with acute diarrhea in Kura General Hospital Kano, from February to August 2017.
Methodology: A total of 236 stools samples were collected from children within the age group of 0 – 5 years diagnosed with acute diarrhea attending the Hospital. The stool samples were examined for Entamoeba Histolytica cysts and trophozoites using direct wet preparation and Formol Ether concentration techniques.
Results: The result showed that 23 samples which accounted for 9.75% of the samples were found to be positive for the parasite. Highest incidence of the parasite was found among children within the age category of 4 - 5 years. The results also indicated that males (56.5%) were more infected than females (43.5%). However, there is no statistical difference in the rate of infection among the sex and age group of the patients at p< 0.05.
Conclusion: In conclusion, maintenance of personal hygiene and improved sanitation of the environment will indeed prevent contamination of food and water sources.
RICCI SOLITONS IN $\alfa$ COSYMPLECTIC MANIFOLDS
Authors: Singh Jay Prakash , Chawngthu Lalmalsawma 
Published: March 2021

The object of the present paper is to study Ricci solitons in \alfacosymplectic manifolds. Projective, pseudo projective and Weyl conformal curvature in an \alfa cosymplectic manifolds admitting Ricci solitons have been studied under certain curvature conditions. Also gradient Ricci solitons in \alfa cosymplectic manifolds have been studied.
ON THE PARTIAL DIFFERENCE SETS IN CAYLEY DERANGEMENT GRAPHS
Authors: Ghorbani Modjtaba , Rajabi-Parsa Mina 
Published: March 2021

Let $G$ be a finite group. The set $D\subseteq G$with $|D|=k$ is called a $(n,k,\lambda,\mu)$-partial difference set(PDS) in $G$ if the differences $d_1d_2 ^{-1}, d_2,d_2\in D, d_1\neq d_2$, represent each non-identity element in $D$ exactly $\lambda$ times and each non-identity element in $G-\{D\}$ exactly $\mu$ times.In the present paper, we determine for which group $G\in \{D_{2n},T_{4n},U_{6n},V_{8n}\}$ the derangement set is a PDS. We also prove that the derangement set of a Frobenius group is a PDS.
HYPERHROUPS AND Hv-GROUPS ASSOCIATED TO ELEMENTS WITH FOUR OXIDATION STATES
Authors: Al-Jinani Rawia , Al-Tahan Madeleine , Davvaz Bijan 
Published: March 2021

The theory of hyperstructures is of great importance due to its connections to various fields of Science. $H_v$-structures are hyperstructures where the equality is replaced by the nonempty intersection. This class of the hyperstructures is very large so one can use it in order to define several objects that they are not possible to be defined in the classical hyperstructure theory. This paper attempts an exposition of the connection between hyperstructure ($H_v$-structure) theory and certain type of chemical reactions. In this regard, we consider elements with four oxidation states and investigate their mathematical structures.
A SURVEY ON THE AUTOMORPHISM GROUPS OF THE COMMUTING GRAPHS AND POWER GRAPHS
Authors: Mirzargar Mahsa 
Published: March 2021

Let G be a nite group. The power graph P(G) of a group G is the graphwhose vertex set is the group elements and two elements are adjacent if one is a power of the other. The commuting graph \Delta(G) of a group G, is the graph whose vertices are the group elements, two of them joined if they commute. When the vertex set is G-Z(G), this graph is denoted by \Gamma(G). Since the results based on the automorphism group of these kinds of graphs are so sporadic, in this paper, we give a survey of all results on the automorphism group of power graphs and commuting graphs obtained in the literature.