bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasmid-Curing, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant Properties and Phytochemical Analysis of Medicinal Plants from North East India
Authors: Aparna Gunjal  , Rajashree Patwardhan  , Aditi Jedhe  , Vaishnavi Choudhary  
Published: January 2021

The medicinal importance of plants is in their bioactive substances which exert definite physiological action on the human body. In the present investigation antimicrobial activities of Garcinia pedunculata, Phlogacanthus thyrsiformis, and Ziziphus mauritiana were studied against microbial strains using agar disc diffusion. In-vitro phytochemical screening for chloroform, isoamyl alcohol and water extracts of parts of plants was performed. For MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration), grid method was used. The antioxidant activity of the plant extracts was studied using the ferric reducing antioxidant method and bioautography was studied using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Garcinia pedunculata and Phlogacanthus thyrsiformis extracts showed highest antimicrobial activity. In-vitro phytochemical screening for chloroform, isoamyl alcohol and water extracts of parts of plants showed positive results for alkaloids, saponins, steroids, triterpenes, flavonoids and diterpenes. The MIC value of Garcinia pedunculata, Phlogacanthus thyrsiformis and Ziziphus mauritiana was 2560, 1280 and 2560 µL, respectively. The antioxidant activity revealed that there was an increase in absorbance with the increase of sample concentration. In Thin Layer Chromatography-Bioautography, chloroform extract of Garcinia pedunculata and Ziziphus mauritiana showed activity with zones of inhibition on bioautograms. The chloroform extract of Ziziphus mauritiana was found to be effective with curing efficiency for E. coli K12 (RP4), E. coli (pBR322) and E. coli (pRK2013) 62%, 57% and 49% respectively. Petroleum ether extract of Phlogacanthus thyrsiformis cured E. coli K12 (RP4), E. coli (pBR322) and E. coli (pRK2013) at 38%, 42% and 35% curing efficiencies respectively. This is the first report of plasmid curing by using chloroform Ziziphus mauritiana and petroleum ether extract of Phlogacanthus thyrsiformis. The present investigation has revealed applications and significance of plant extracts of Garcinia pedunculata, Phlogacanthus thyrsiformis, and Ziziphus mauritiana as plasmid curing, antimicrobial and antioxidant agents to control infections and spread of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria.
Effect of Myofascial Release Therapy In Addition To K-Tape on Chronic Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Tamil Nidhi Pk  , Anandhan D  , Arun B  , Anantharaj K  
Published: January 2021

Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common cause of heel pain. Injury to the plantar fascia results in loss of normally resilient in fascia. Fascia becomes stiffened and prone to re-injury, which resulting in a vicious cycle of persistent pain and inflammation. Though many therapies would produce better results, there was less exploration on fascial release therapy and k- tape. The purpose of the study is to identify the effect of MFR in addition to K-tape on chronic plantar fasciitis. This is a Quasi- experimental study with 48 participants. The ethical approval was obtained and the study was conducted in multiple physiotherapy centers in Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu. All the participants were selected based on selection criteria mainly those who fulfil any of the three from below, 1) Heel pain increases in the morning with first few steps following prolonged bed rest 2) Pain localized to the inferior heel 3) Pain decreases with activity such as walking or moving 4) Pain score is between 3—7 cms in 10 cm VAS. 24 participants in the experimental group receive myofascial release therapy along with k-tape for 6 weeks, 24 participants in the control group receive stretching along with k-tape for 6 weeks. The outcome measures used in this study are pain and foot function by numerical pain scale and foot function index respectively. Results were analyzed using SPSS 20.0, the results show that there were significant differences obtained between the myofascial release therapy with the k-tape group when compared to k- tape only group. There was a pain score of 10.82 ± 0.196 (p < 0.001) and foot function index score of 10.6 ± 3.85 (p < 0.001). This study concluded that the use of Myofascial release therapy with K-tape reduces pain scores and improves foot function in plantar fasciitis.
Situación de la Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres en Centroamérica
Authors: Pérez García José Nicolás 
Published: January 2021

Debido a su localización, Centroamérica está expuesta a múltiples amenazas que, con la combinación de la vulnerabilidad de cada uno de los países, hacen que la región se considere de alto riesgo. Por tal motivo, el presente trabajo tuvo como finalidad examinar la evolución y los desafíos de la gestión de los desastres a nivel centroamericano. Los esfuerzos conjuntos en materia de gestión del riesgo se remontan a la década de 1990, con lo cual se han desarrollado estrategias y lineamientos para la prevención y mitigación de los desastres. Si bien hay avances significativos, todavía hay desafíos y situaciones por resolver, lo cual se refleja en la fragilidad de las sociedades ante las frecuentes y nuevas amenazas.
Folksonomia e os conceitos de ordem, desordem e organização à luz de Edgar Morin
Authors: Pinho Fabio Assis , Oliveira Jéssica Pereira de 
Published: January 2021

Este artigo trata sobre a compreensão da folksonomia e objetivou verificar se os conceitos de ordem, desordem e organização de Morin (2005) podem contribuir para compreender a complexidade dela enquanto Sistema de Organização do Conhecimento (SOC), por meio de uma pesquisa do tipo exploratória, com abordagem dialética, sendo um estudo de natureza explicativa com apoio bibliográfico. O resultado dessa discussão demonstrou que os conceitos de ordem, desordem e organização permitem compreender adequadamente a gênese e a função da folksonomia para os SOC, pois ao distanciá-la dos sistemas tradicionais torna-se possível compreendê-la a partir da complexidade que ela carrega ao apoiar as relações entre os indivíduos nas comunidades virtuais e sua maneira de organizar e representar conteúdos informacionais para recuperação desses atores. Apesar de não ignorar as características da folksonomia, especialmente no tocante às suas implicações para a recuperação da informação, o foco não deve ser o destaque às suas lacunas a partir de uma visão tradicional, mas sim a compreensão da sua natureza dinâmica e complexa e sua relação singular entre ordem e desordem, no intuito de enriquecer a sua prática e estimular a diversidade e o pluralismo lógico e cultural que a torna um sistema amplo de possibilidades de organização.
Palavras-chave: Folksonomia. Classificação Social. Ordem. Desordem. Organização.
Informação & Sociedade: Estudos - Espelho da Ciência da Informação no Brasil
Authors: Pinheiro Lena Vania Ribeiro , Chalhub Tania 
Published: January 2021

Pesquisa descritiva, com metodologia emetrias de informação e comunicação e de análise de conteúdo em abordagem qualiquantitativa que tem por objetivo analisar operiódico Informação & Sociedade: Estudos na sua trajetória editorial e temáticas a fim de verificar seacompanham oprocesso de desenvolvimento da Ciência da Informação erepresentam as questões contemporâneas da área. Fazem parte da pesquisa os dados referentes à revista de 1991 a 2019, com informações sobreaspublicações,autoresetemas.Acoletadedadosfoirealizadanosistemadaprópriarevista,comextraçãode informações relacionadas à autoria (nome, afiliação institucional, número de autores por artigo), aos artigos (títulos). A análise das temáticas foi realizada com recorte temporal de 2005 a 2019. Com relação à autoria há um certo equilíbrio entre artigos com dois autores e com autoria única, aumentando o número de autores ao longo dos anos, assim como a participação de parcerias interinstitucionais. Vale destacar a participação de instituições estrangeiras, principalmente da Espanha e outros países da Europa como Portugal. Na análise dos principais temas dos artigos Competência em informação, Bibliotecas, Metrias da informação e comunicação, Gestão da informação e do conhecimento são os mais frequentes. O resultado mostra um misto de temas básicos da Ciência da Informação, como Recuperação da Informação com novas abordagens, periódicos eletrônicos, bibliotecas digitais e repositórios, além de questões teóricas como Epistemologia da Ciência da Informação.
Palavras-chave: Periódicoscientíficos. Comunicação Científica. ProdutividadeCientífica. Informação &Sociedade: Estudos.
Identificação e representação de conceitos por meio de termos
Authors: Cervantes Brígida Maria Nogueira 
Published: January 2021

Apresenta um modo de identificação e representação de conceitos por meio de termos elaborado conforme orientações teóricase metodológicas de normas terminológicas e documentárias. Destaca a análise conceitual e síntese como processo utilizadopara a identificação e representação de conceitos tendo como base os contextos encontrados na literatura e validadosdo ponto de vista conceitual por pesquisadores e especialistas da área em estudo. Para a identificação de conceitos, énecessário que o processo de coleta de termos seja realizado de forma minuciosa. A análise de contextos é parte fundamentalpara que ocorra a síntese. Finaliza enfatizando que os cientistas se apropriam das palavras dando a elas um sentido específico.Portanto, palavras comuns podem ser utilizadas como conceitos. As palavras podem se transformar em conceitos no âmbitode perspectivas teóricas específicas.
Palavras-Chave: Sistema de Conceitos. Análise conceitual. Terminologias.
Anti-epidemic effectiveness of sanitary and educational work with contingents at risk of plague infection in the Gorno-Altai high-mountain natural plague center
Authors: Kuklev E. V. , Toporkov V. P. , Mischenko A. I. , Safronov V. A. , Ivanova A. V. , Matrosov A. N. , Pospelov M. V. , Karnauhov I. G. 
Published: January 2021

Objectiveis to reduce the risk of infection of people with plague in the territory of a natural focus on the basis of the targeted public health educational work with risk groups.Materials and methods. In 2017, 30 visits were made by epidemiological groups to livestock farms in the epizootic zone to inform the population about the existing risks of plague infection and to conduct interviews to assess the level of alertness regarding the risk of the disease. Work was carried out with risk contingents with coverage of 1652 people (81% of the total number of people living in livestock camps).Results. It was found that 64% of the respondents knew about the danger of plague infection in the region. 91% are aware of the role of marmots in infecting people with plague. 96.3% of respondents are aware of the ban on hunting groundhogs, while 39% continue to prey upon the grey (Altai) groundhog. The identified gaps in the population’s alertness regarding the risk of plague infection were eliminated through active sanitary and educational work with the population.Conclusion. Direct work with the population, anti-epidemic groups, significantly affected the provision of epidemiological welfare as regards plague, which is confirmed by the absence of human plague cases in the natural focus in 2017-2019.
Post-infectious gastroenterological pathology’s mechanisms in children with rotavirus infection
Authors: Ermolenko K. D. , Gonchar N. V. , Lobzin Yu. V. 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Rotavirus infection (RVI) is one of the most common childhood illnesses in countries where routine vaccination against the disease isn`t introduced. The incidence of RVI in Russia remains at a consistently high level, leading to a huge socio-economic damage. In addition, in children who have undergone severe forms of the disease, have high risk of post-infectious functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract (FD), leading to a decrease in the quality of life and prolonged persistence of dyspeptic phenomena. The pathogenetic mechanisms and factors predisposing to FD in RVI convalescents remain insufficiently studied.The aim of the study was to establish the possible role of intestinal microbiocenosis disorders and immune response in the formation of gastroenterological pathology in children, convalescents of RVI.Material and methods: The work was performed in 2014- 2019. in Pediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases. In the course of the implementation, a comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination was carried out for 60 children aged 1 to 7 years who had suffered RVI in a severe or moderate form, since the onset of infection followed by a three-year follow-up observation. Particular attention was paid to the assessment of intestinal microbiocenosis and immune response in the study group of patients. The interpretation of dyspeptic symptoms in the follow-up period was carried out on the basis of the Rome IV revision criteria. The structure of gastrointestinal tract disorders after rotavirus infection has been established.Results: It was shown that with RVI, persistent changes in the intestinal microbiota are observed, characterized by a decrease in the number of symbiotic Bacteroides thetaiataomicron, Lactobacillus spp. and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and overgrowth of semipathogenius microorganisms, including Bacteroides fragilis.Conclusion: A close relationship of a number of factors (a decrease in the level of virus-induced production of IFNγ and serum IgA, overgrowth of Proteus spp., Bacteroides fragilis and a decrease in the level of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron) with the formation of FD in the follow-up period was revealed.
Morphological Aspects of Acute Renal Injury in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Zimina L. N. , Berdnikov G. A. , Rey S. I. , Kambarov S. Yu. 
Published: January 2021

Summary. The use of endoscopic transsphenoidal access is an effective and safe method for the surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas (PA). In endoscopic transsphenoidal surgeries, there is a need to control intracranial pressure (ICP) for reposition and expansion of the tumor capsule. Currently, the main method for reducing ICP in transsphenoidal surgery is installation of an external lumbar drainage, which is associated with a number of complications.Aim of study. To improve the results of surgical treatment of patients with arterial hypertension using hypertonic saline solution.Material and methods. A clinical and anatomical analysis of material from 27 deceased patients who were treated in the cardiac surgery department of the Institute was carried out. Valve replacement was performed in 11 patients, aortic replacement - 2, valves and aorta - 7, combined operations - 7. The patient’s records, autopsy protocols, results of histological examination of surgical and autopsy material were studied. Already on the next day after surgery, an increase in serum creatinine by more than 25% was noted under the conditions of CBR. Morphological examination of the kidneys revealed acute pathological processes - necrosis of nephrocytes of the convoluted tubules in 59.3% of cases and dystrophic changes in 40.7% of cases against the background of chronic pathology (nephrosclerosis, vascular atherosclerosis, glomerulosclerosis, pyelonephritis, secondary contracted kidney). After coronary angiography with a radiopaque contrast agent (RCA), signs of excretory nephrosis were noted, often with fixation of the RCA in the loop of Henle, with tubulorexis and the formation of cell casts.
Management of Disorders of Homeostasis With Saline Enteral Solution in Acute Poisoning With Psychopharmacological Drugs
Authors: Matkevich V. A. , Potskhveriya M. M. , Simonova A. Yu. , Sukhodolova G. N. , Belova M. V. , Bitkova E. E. 
Published: January 2021

Background.In acute poisoning, accompanied by a violation of the parameters of homeostasis, the problem of its management by the enteral route has been insufficiently studied.Purpose of the study.To assess the possibility of correcting electrolyte and volemic disorders of the body using an enteral solution (ER) in case of poisoning with psychopharmacological drugs.Material and methods.The study involved 120 patients who underwent intestinal lavage (IL) with ER on the 1st day in complex therapy. In the following days, 40 of them received infusion therapy, and 80 — drank glucose enteral solution (GES), 3–4 liters per day.Results.IL had a corrective effect on the electrolyte composition of the blood, volemic and hemorheological parameters, as well as on central and peripheral hemodynamics. The subsequent administration of GER had a stabilizing effect on these indicators, comparable to that of infusion therapy.Conclusion.In case of poisoning with psychopharmacological drugs, the use of saline enteral solution in the form of intestinal lavage and subsequent oral administration of the same solution in a daily volume of 3–4 liters, but with the addition of glucose, provides correction of impaired homeostasis indicators and may be an alternative to infusion therapy.
Effect of Xenon on the Phosphorylation of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β and Antioxidant Enzymes in Rat Brain
Authors: Kuzovlev A. N. , Shpichko A. I. , Ryzhkov I. A. , Grebenchikov O. A. , Shabanov A. K. , Khusainov Sh. Zh. , Tsokolaeva Z. I. , Lobanov A. V. 
Published: January 2021

Relevance. The increase in the number of severe brain injuries due to stroke and traumatic brain injury determines the need to study and develop effective strategies for neuroprotection. The article highlights new mechanisms of the neuroprotective action of the inhalation anesthetic xenon based on the data of our own experimental studies.Aim of study. To assess the effect of anesthesia with xenon at a concentration of 0.5 MAC (minimum alveolar concentration) on the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) and the content of antioxidant defense enzymes in the rat brain.Material and methods. The effect of inhalation anesthesia with xenon on the phosphorylation of the GSK-3β enzyme in comparison with lithium chloride, as well as on the content of heme oxygenase, catalase, and Mn-superoxide dismutase in rat brain homogenates was studied by immunoblotting.Results. The use of xenon at a concentration of 0.5 MAA causes an almost twofold increase in the content of the phosphorylated form of the GSK-3β enzyme in comparison with the control (p<0.05) and significantly increases the pool of antioxidant defense enzymes: heme oxygenase by 50% (p <0.05) and Mn-superoxide dismutase by 60% (p<0.05).Conclusion. The conducted experimental study revealed new molecular mechanisms of action of the inhalation anesthetic xenon. The effect of xenon on the pool of enzymes involved in the protection of the brain from oxidative distress was found. The data obtained indicate the prospects for using xenon and require further research in this direction. The use of xenon at a concentration of 50 vol.% (0.5 MAA) for 30 minutes does not affect the content of the glycogen synthase-3β enzyme, at the same time causing an almost twofold increase in its phosphorylated form, the glycogen synthase-3β enzyme, and is accompanied by a significant increase the content of heme oxygenase, Mn-superoxide dismutase and a slight increase in the content of catalase in rat brain homogenates. Thus, the results of the study suggest that one of the possible mechanisms of the neuroprotective effect of xenon is the phosphorylation of glycogen synthase-3β, which prevents the opening of the mitochondrial pore, inhibiting the death of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis of neurons and increasing the level of antioxidant protection in them.
Structural Changes in the Fallopian Tubes in Patients With Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Titova G. P. , Damirov M. M. , Anchabadze I. V. , Medvedev A. A. 
Published: January 2021

Relevance.Ectopic (extrauterine) pregnancy (EP) occupies a leading place in the structure of urgent gynecological morbidity. This pathology poses a threat to the health and life of a woman, being one of the leading causes of maternal mortality during pregnancy during the first trimester. Among emergency gynecological operations, surgical interventions for EP make up about 50%, and in recent years, most operations have been performed by the laparoscopic method. However, up to now, the pathomorphological changes in the fallopian tubes in patients with EP remain poorly understood.Purpose of the study. To study the features of pathomorphological changes in the fallopian tubes in women with tubal pregnancy, operated on by the laparoscopic method, to substantiate the volume of surgery in patients with this pathology.Material and methods. Morphological examination was performed in 100 women operated on for tubal pregnancy using the laparoscopic method. A comprehensive morphological study of the fallopian tubes removed during the operation was carried out.Results and discussion. The implantation of the ovum in the fallopian tube led to significant changes in its macro- and microstructure, which were caused by the invasion of chorionic villi and involved all layers of the tube wall, differing only in the depth of penetration and prevalence. The anatomical features of the structure of the fallopian tubes contributed to the deep invasion of the ovum into the myosalpinx and subserous parts of the tube, creating the possibility of wall rupture in this area.Conclusions. 1. In all cases of ectopic pregnancy, implantation of the ovum was accompanied by invasion of cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast, and it involved all layers of the tube wall, differing only in depth and prevalence. The invasive properties of the cytotrophoblast lead to the development of pronounced degenerative changes in the tube wall, which leads to functional inferiority of the tube after the onset of tubal pregnancy in it.2. The chronic productive endomyosalpingitis diagnosed in most patients with ectopic pregnancy with deformation of the tube lumen against the background of changes in the tube wall caused by cytotrophoblastic invasion is an indication for tubectomy. Performing organ-preserving operations on an anatomically and functionally altered fallopian tube is impractical, since it is a high risk factor for recurrent tubal pregnancy in this tube.
Cadaver Course in the Training System of an Urgent Surgeon
Authors: Khubezov D. A. , Khubezov L. D. , Trushin S. N. , Ogoreltsev A. Yu. , Puchkov D. K. , Ignatov I. S. , Rodimov S. V. , Krotkov A. R. 
Published: January 2021

Introduction. In our country, severe concomitant injury is one of the main causes of death among people of working age. This poses an urgent task for the national health care and education system in the form of training qualified emergency surgeons.Purpose of the study. To improve the quality of practical training of specialists in the delivery of urgent surgical care for concomitant injury.Material and methods. The “Cadaver course of operative surgery for severe concomitant injury” was developed. The participants of the cadaver course were senior students of the Ryazan State Medical University. At the stages of the course, theoretical training was carried out, work in a cadaver operating room with mentors and independently was performed, as well as a comparative assessment of learning outcomes with the results of similar tests of clinical residents of the 2nd year of study.Results. Statistically significant differences were obtained in terms of indicators reflecting the level of practical training of students who completed the developed course. The level of theoretical training in the compared groups did not differ significantly.Conclusion. New opportunities have been opened for the widespread introduction of the developed training course into the educational process. It is necessary to further improve the proposed methodology and study the results of its use.