bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating insulin-like growth factor-I and risk of 25 common conditions: outcome-wide analyses in the UK Biobank study
Authors: Papier Keren , Knuppel Anika , Perez-Cornago Aurora , Watts Eleanor L. , Tong Tammy Y. N. , Schmidt Julie A. , Allen Naomi , Key Timothy J. , Travis Ruth C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWhile there is strong epidemiological evidence that circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is associated with a higher risk of several cancers, little is known about its association with non-cancer outcomes. We investigated associations of circulating IGF-I with risk of 25 common conditions, other than cancer, in a large British cohort. Study participants were 318,749 middle-aged adults enrolled in the UK Biobank Study. Serum IGF-I concentration was measured in samples collected at baseline (2006–2010), and re-measured in 12,334 participants after an average of 4.3 years. We followed-up participants over an average of 11.5 years by linking to hospital admissions and mortality registries. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regressions estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between circulating IGF-I and 25 common conditions, using the repeated IGF-I measurements to correct for regression dilution bias. After correction for multiple testing (P < 0.002), IGF-I was positively associated with carpal tunnel syndrome (HR per 5 nmol/l higher concentration = 1.12, 95% CI 1.08–1.16), and inversely associated with varicose veins (0.90, 0.85–0.95), cataracts (0.97, 0.95–0.99), diabetes (0.92, 0.90–0.95), and iron deficiency anaemia (0.90, 0.86–0.93). The associations for cataracts and diabetes attenuated when restricted to cases diagnosed after five or more years of follow-up, suggesting that these associations were likely affected by reverse causality. Higher IGF-I concentration might be associated with the risk for several conditions, but genetic studies are needed to clarify which associations may be causal.
Cold traps as reliable devices for quantitative determination of SARS-CoV-2 load in aerosols
Authors: Gehrke Sven G. , Förderer Claudia , Weiskirchen Ralf , Stremmel Wolfgang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSpread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a demanding challenge. This is of particular importance in schools and public areas of unavoidable access. New viral mutations may increase infectivity and require even better methods to identify areas of potential hazards. High-throughput SARS-CoV-2 testing and legal restrictions are not effective in order to get the current outbreak under control. The occurrence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants with a higher transmissibility requires efficient strategies for early detection and surveillance. Until today, testing focuses on nasal or pharyngeal mucosa swabs, neglecting the origin of aerosolic transmission, thus failing to detect the spread by carriers of the virus. Therefore, in this study, SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels were determined by quantitative real time PCR in aerosols collected by non-powered cold traps. SARS-CoV-2 spreading kinetics were recorded in indoor hotspots within a high-endemic area. These hotspots included a SARS-CoV-2 isolation unit, an outpatient endoscopy facility, a concert hall, and a shopping mall. For determination of viral presence aerosols were collected by cold traps positioned at different locations in the area of interest over a period of 4–6 h. Indoor SARS-CoV-2 hotspots were found in non-ventilated areas and in zones that are predisposed to a buoyancy (chimney) effect. SARS-CoV-2 RNA in those aerosols reached concentrations of 105 copies/mL, while extensive outdoor air ventilation reliably eliminated SARS-CoV-2 aerosol contamination. The method presented herein is effective for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 indoor hotspots and may help to characterize the spreading kinetics of SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, it can be used for the surveillance of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Due to low costs and easy handling, the procedure might enable efficient algorithms for COVID-19 screening and prevention.
Surgical management of Helveston syndrome (Triad exotropia)
Authors: Jin Xiaoqin , Peng Yi , Al-wesabi Samer Abdo , Deng Jun , Ming Yue , Wu Xi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate and compare different surgical approaches for the treatment of Helveston syndrome and provide further information for preoperative planning.

Methods
From February 2008 to December 2018, data of 52 patients with Helveston syndrome were retrospectively reviewed. Different surgical approaches were selected based on the extent of A-pattern exotropia, dissociated vertical deviation (DVD), and both superior oblique muscle overaction (SOOA) with fundus photograph intorsion. Eye position, A-pattern, DVD, superior oblique muscle function, and binocular vision function were evaluated pre- and postoperatively. The average follow-up duration was 20.5 months.

Results
Nine cases underwent simultaneous horizontal deviation correction with bilateral superior rectus recession, 24 underwent simultaneous horizontal deviation correction with bilateral superior oblique muscle lengthening, and 19 underwent two stages of horizontal deviation correction with superior oblique muscle lengthening, and later bilateral superior rectus recession. A-pattern, DVD, SOOA, and fundus intorsion were all collapsed in all patients postoperatively. Forty-five patients had an orthophoric eye position with considerably aligned ocular movements postoperatively. The total success rate was 86.5%. Postoperatively, eight of the 10 patients with diplopia experienced a recovery of binocular single vision and three had a recovery of rudimentary stereopsis (Titmus 3000–400 s of arc). The compensatory head posture of patients improved significantly postoperatively.

Conclusions
The surgical planning of Helveston syndrome should be designed based on the degree of the A-pattern, SOOA, DVD, and the intorsion in fundus photographs, and the appropriate approach should be selected to improve patient satisfaction.
Well-being Changes from Year to Year: A Comparison of Current, Remembered and Predicted Life Satisfaction
Authors: Klemm Marcus 
Published: November 2021

AbstractI study yearly changes in personal well-being combining data on current, retrospective and prospective life satisfaction from the German Socio-Economic Panel. Predicted and remembered changes in life satisfaction are both positive on average and match well, whereas the average year to year-change inferred from reports of current life satisfaction is negative. Retrospective assessments of past well-being are strongly influenced by current life satisfaction, significantly related to past life satisfaction and linked to past predictions of current satisfaction. Due to different problems related to the ordinal measurement scale, changes in subjective reference systems and recall ability, the analysis overall suggests that direct reports of intertemporal changes provide valuable additional information for the analysis of individual well-being.
Levels of the absolute in Husserl
Authors: Marosan Bence Peter 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEdmund Husserl’s ultimate aim was to give an overall philosophical explanation of the totality of Being. In this endeavour, the term “absolute” was crucial for him. In this paper, I aim to clarify the most important ways in which Husserl used this notion. I attempt to show that, despite his rather divergent usages, eventually three fundamental meanings and coordinated levels of the “absolute” can be differentiated in his thought: the epistemological (absolute evidence and ego), the ontological (intersubjectivity), and the theological or metaphysical level (God). According to Husserl, we can approach this ultimate level of the Absolute, through the method of phenomenological construction. A closer reading of Husserl’s texts shows that his conception of the absolute was astonishingly modern. The main features of the conception—on all three levels—were non-foundationalism, contextualism, openness, and circularity. Each level mutually founds and determines the others. It is a non-foundational Absolute, the moments of which constitute an organic and open totality which is essentially processual. In my interpretation, this theory opens a fruitful working area, which has enormous philosophical potential and is surprisingly up-to-date.
On The Randomized Schmitter Problem
Authors: Albrecher Hansjörg , Araujo-Acuna José Carlos 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe revisit the classical Schmitter problem in ruin theory and consider it for randomly chosen initial surplus level U. We show that the computational simplification that is obtained for exponentially distributed U allows to connect the problem to m-convex ordering, from which simple and sharp analytical bounds for the ruin probability are obtained, both for the original (but randomized) problem and for extensions involving higher moments. In addition, we show that the solution to the classical problem with deterministic initial surplus level can conveniently be approximated via Erlang(k)-distributed U for sufficiently large k, utilizing the computational advantages of the advocated randomization approach.
How are we measuring health-related quality of life in patients with a Barrett Esophagus? A systematic review on patient-reported outcome measurements
Authors: van der Ende-van Loon Mirjam C. M. , Stoker A. , Nieuwkerk P. T. , Curvers W. L. , Schoon E. J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Barrett esophagus (BE) is associated with a significant decrease of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Too often, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are applied without considering what they measure and for which purposes they are suitable. With this systematic review, we provide researchers and physicians with an overview of all the instruments previously used for measuring HRQoL in BE patients and which PROMs are most appropriate from the patient’s perspective.

Methods
A comprehensive search was performed to identify all PROMs used for measuring HRQoL in BE patients, to identify factors influencing HRQoL according to BE patients, and to evaluate each PROM from a patients’ perspective.

Results
Among the 27 studies, a total of 32 different HRQoL instruments were identified. None of these instruments were designed or validated for use in BE patients. Four qualitative studies were identified exploring factors influencing HRQoL in the perceptions of BE patients. These factors included fear of cancer, anxiety, trust in physician, sense of control, uncertainty, worry, burden of endoscopy, knowledge and understanding, gastrointestinal symptoms, sleeping difficulties, diet and lifestyle, use of medication, and support of family and friends.

Conclusion
None of the quantitative studies measuring HRQoL in BE patients sufficiently reflected the perceptions of HRQoL in BE patients. Only gastrointestinal symptoms and anxiety were addressed in the majority of the studies. For the selection of PROMs, we encourage physicians and researchers measuring HRQoL to choose their PROMs from a patient perspective and not strictly based on health professionals’ definitions of what is relevant.
Land Value Taxation: A Spatially Explicit Economic Experiment with Endogenous Institutions
Authors: Duke Joshua M. , Gao TianHang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
An economic experiment with endogenous institutions informs the political economy of land value taxation relative to uniform property taxation in terms of efficiency and sprawl reduction. Heterogeneous type distributions were used so that land value taxation was earnings-rational, relative to uniform property taxation, for 40, 60, and 80 percent of the participants. The model’s induced values predict land value taxation leads to less sprawl, more earnings, and more tax revenue than uniform property taxation. Experimental data do not consistently match this prediction, where both tax institutions led to more sprawl and lower earnings than predicted. Results show participants voted for the tax institution that does not maximize their individual earnings in 16.7 percent of rounds. These earnings-irrational choices occurred when the type distributions were 40 and 60 percent in favor of land value taxation. The experiment results nonetheless show the absolute advantage of land value taxation for producing less sprawl, more tax revenue, and more earnings. Moreover, the behavioral evidence suggests that relative advantage of land value taxation in reducing sprawl is greater than predicted by the model. This suggests further inquiry about whether land value taxation promotion activities may best be targeted towards cities using uniform property taxation where economies are vibrant, land uses are already relatively intensive, and greater-than-average population density already exists.
Word order in heritage Russian: clause type and majority language matter
Authors: Zuban Yulia , Martynova Maria , Zerbian Sabine , Szucsich Luka , Gagarina Natalia 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHeritage speakers (HSs) are known to differ from monolingual speakers in various linguistic domains. The present study focuses on the syntactic properties of monolingual and heritage Russian. Using a corpus of semi-spontaneous spoken and written narratives produced by HSs of Russian residing in the US and Germany, we investigate HSs’ word order patterns and compare them to monolingual speakers of Russian from Saint Petersburg. Our results show that the majority language (ML) of HSs as well as the clause type contribute to observed differences in word order patterns between speaker groups. Specifically, HSs in Germany performed similarly to monolingual speakers of Russian while HSs in the US generally produced more SVO and less OVS orders than the speakers of the latter group. Furthermore, HSs in the US produced more SVO orders than both monolingual speakers and HSs in Germany in embedded clauses, but not in main clauses. The results of the study are discussed with the reference to the differences between main and embedded clauses as well as the differences between the MLs of the HSs.
Type studies and fourteen new North American species of Cortinarius section Anomali reveal high continental species diversity
Authors: Dima Bálint , Liimatainen Kare , Niskanen Tuula , Bojantchev Dimitar , Harrower Emma , Papp Viktor , Nagy László G. , Kovács Gábor M. , Ammirati Joseph F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSection Anomali is a species-rich group in North America belonging to Cortinarius, the most diverse genus in the Agaricales. This study is based on extensive morphological investigations and molecular methods using 191 nrDNA ITS sequence data and recovered 43 phylogenetic species from which 14 are described here as new to science. We sequenced ten type materials which belonged to eight species. The synonymy of C. caesiellus with C. albidipes and C. copakensis with C. albocyaneus is proposed here. The North American occurrence of four species (C. albocyaneus, C. anomalus, C. caninus, and C. tabularis), so far known only from Europe, was confirmed. Thirteen species were not formally described here due to lack of relevant information. An identification key to the known Anomali species in North America is provided.
Inter- and Intrapopulational Heterogeneity of Characteristic Markers in Adult Human Neural Crest-derived Stem Cells
Authors: Windmöller Beatrice A. , Höving Anna L. , Knabbe Cornelius , Greiner Johannes F. W. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Adult human neural crest-derived stem cells (NCSCs) are found in a variety of adult tissues and show an extraordinary broad developmental potential. Despite their great differentiation capacity, increasing evidence suggest a remaining niche-dependent variability between different NCSC-populations regarding their differentiation behavior and expression signatures. In the present study, we extended the view on heterogeneity of NCSCs by identifying heterogeneous expression levels and protein amounts of characteristic markers even between NCSCs from the same niche of origin. In particular, populations of neural crest-derived inferior turbinate stem cells (ITSCs) isolated from different individuals showed significant variations in characteristic NCSC marker proteins Nestin, S100 and Slug in a donor-dependent manner. Notably, increased nuclear protein amounts of Slug were accompanied by a significantly elevated level of nuclear NF-κB-p65 protein, suggesting an NF-κB-dependent regulation of NCSC-makers. In addition to this interpopulational genetic heterogeneity of ITSC-populations from different donors, single ITSCs also revealed a strong heterogeneity regarding the protein amounts of Nestin, S100, Slug and NF-κB-p65 even within the same clonal culture. Our present findings therefor strongly suggest ITSC-heterogeneity to be at least partly based on an interpopulational genetic heterogeneity dependent on the donor accompanied by a stochastic intrapopulational heterogeneity between single cells. We propose this stochastic intrapopulational heterogeneity to occur in addition to the already described genetic variability between clonal NCSC-cultures and the niche-dependent plasticity of NCSCs. Our observations offer a novel perspective on NCSC-heterogeneity, which may build the basis to understand heterogeneous NCSC-behavior.

Graphical Abstract
Association of Left Atrial Sphericity with Risk of Stroke in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. Sub-Analysis of the ASSAM Study
Authors: Dudzińska-Szczerba Katarzyna , Zalewska Marta , Niemiro Wojciech , Michałowska Ilona , Piotrowski Roman , Sikorska Agnieszka , Kułakowski Piotr , Baran Jakub 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The study was designed to evaluate the value of left atrial (LA) sphericity (LASP) in the identification of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who had prior ischemic stroke. The secondary aim was to investigate the possibility of improving stroke risk assessment based on six geometrical variables of LA.

Methods
This prospective observational study involved 157 patients: 74 in the stroke group and 83 in the control. All patients had cardiac computed tomography (CT) performed to analyze LA volume and dimensions. LASP and the discriminant function of six geometrical measurements were calculated.

Results
Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant association of stroke with and gender, diabetes, CHA2DS2-VASc score, LA anteroposterior diameter, and LA sphericity. Patients with prior stroke had lower LASP than those without (66.6 ± 10.3% vs. 70.5 ± 7%; p = 0.0062). The most accurate identification of patients with a history of ischemic stroke was achieved by using a function of six geometrical measurements, the sphericity and volume coefficient. The C-statistic was higher for the above discriminant function (0.7273) than for LASP (0.3974). The addition of the discriminant function to the CHA2DS2-VASc score increased the performance of the risk score alone.

Conclusion
LASP is associated with prior stroke in AF patients. The proposed new formula for identification of AF patients who are at risk of stroke, based on geometrical measurements of LA, is superior to the basic LASP in identification of AF patients with a history of stroke.
Intelligent vision based wear forecasting on surfaces of machine tool elements
Authors: Schlagenhauf Tobias , Burghardt Niklas 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
To realize autonomous production machines it is necessary that machines are able to automatically and autonomously predict their condition. Although many classical as well as Deep Learning based approaches have shown the ability to classify faults, so far there are no approaches that go beyond the basic detection of faults. A complete, image based predictive maintenance approach for machine tool components has to the best of our knowledge not been investigated so far. In this paper it is shown how defects on a Ball Screw Drive (BSD) can be automatically detected by using a machine learning based detection module, quantified by using an intelligent defect quantification module and finally forecasted by a prognosis module in a combined approach. To optimize the presented method, it is shown how existing domain knowledge can be formalized in an expert system and combined with the predictions of the machine learning model to aid quality of the prediction system. This enables the practitioner to forecast the severity of failures on BSD and prevent machine breakdowns. The work is intended to set new accents for the development of practical predictive maintenance systems and bridging the fields of machine learning and production engineering. The code is available under: https://github.com/2Obe/Pitting_Pred_Maintenance.
Visualization of 3D cable between utility poles obtained from laser scanning point clouds: a case study
Authors: Inoue Masaaki , Niigaki Hitoshi , Shimizu Tomoya , Honda Nazuki , Oshida Hiroyuki , Ebine Takashi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We can automate inspection work of infrastructure facilities by analyzing the characteristics of 3D structure information obtained through 3D structure visualization using a point cloud. The safety level of equipment can then be diagnosed quantitatively. In this paper, we investigate the modeling of wire structures such as overhead communication cables between utility poles, which are close to the ground, have many obstructions, and have a complex structure. We evaluate the accuracy of cable models and compare them to the correct model. We use three modeling methods: a machine-learning method based on the extruded surface of a point cloud as a feature, a rule-based method involving principal component analysis, and models generated from a combination of these models. In addition, we focus on modeling overhead cables from field data (urban and suburban). Results show the practicability of modeling overhead cables with a cable length of 10–70 m regardless of the area type. We find that the best cable modeling rate with the precision and recall of 80.76% and 83.84%, respectively, can be obtained using the machine-learning method and by specifying the cable reproduction rate to be 2 m.

Article highlights

This study is useful in determining the practicality of 3D visualization of communication cables based on a 3D point cloud.

Precision and recall are presented as indices to determine the practicality of 3D cable modeling.

This study provides 3D cable modeling for actual field data (in suburban, bridges, and urban areas).
The periodic table of photosynthetic purple non-sulfur bacteria: intact cell-metal ions interactions
Authors: Grattieri Matteo , Labarile Rossella , Buscemi Gabriella , Trotta Massimo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPhotosynthetic purple non-sulfur bacteria (PNB) have been widely utilized as model organisms to study bacterial photosynthesis. More recently, the remarkable resistance of these microorganisms to several metals ions called particular interest. As a result, several research efforts were directed toward clarifying the interactions of metal ions with PNB. The mechanisms of metal ions active uptake and bioabsorption have been studied in detail, unveiling that PNB enable harvesting and removing various toxic ions, thus fostering applications in environmental remediation. Herein, we present the most important achievements in the understanding of intact cell-metal ions interactions and the approaches utilized to study such processes. Following, the application of PNB-metal ions interactions toward metal removal from contaminated environments is presented. Finally, the possible coupling of PNB with abiotic electrodes to obtain biohybrid electrochemical systems is proposed as a sustainable pathway to tune and enhance metal removal and monitoring.
Graphic abstract