bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Concepts in Rheology for the Evaluation of Hyaluronic Acid–Based Soft Tissue Fillers
Authors: Faivre Jimmy , Gallet Mélanie , Tremblais Elodie , Trévidic Patrick , Bourdon François 
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND
Crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA)-based soft tissue fillers possess unique viscoelastic properties intended to match specific product indications. Manufacturing has an impact on HA chain integrity and on filler properties.

OBJECTIVE
This study introduces 2 new rheological parameters to evaluate the macroscopic characteristics of fillers.

METHODS AND MATERIALS
A library of reference commercialized HA fillers was selected to cover the full spectrum of product indications. Gels were assessed in terms of size of released HA fragments as a readout of gel integrity, degree of modification, cohesivity, and rheological properties.

RESULTS
The elastic modulus G′ often used to characterize fillers was shown not to follow macroscopic mechanical properties. To improve the mechanical characterization of fillers, Strength and Stretch scores were developed and tested. The Strength score defined the ability of a filler to sustain constant viscoelasticity over a wide range of constraints and represented the filler mechanical resilience. The Stretch score measured the propensity of a filler to deform in view to improve implant adaptation to facial animation for natural-looking results.

CONCLUSION
Strength and Stretch scores sorted rheological parameters to macroscopic cohesivity assays more accurately than G′ and may thus help predict the gel behavior once implanted and submitted to facial dynamics.
Two Randomized Controlled Trials of Hyaluronic Acid Fillers for the Correction of Nasolabial Folds
Authors: Yang So Dam , Shin Seonghye , Lee Jiyoon 
Published: January 2021

Background:
YVOIRE Classic s (YC) and Restylane (RES) have similar rheological properties, which suit mid-dermis injection, while the rheological properties of YVOIRE Volume s (YV) are comparable to those of Perlane (PER), which suit deep dermis injection to treat deep wrinkles. Two similarly designed studies aimed to evaluate the performance and safety of YC and YV injected into the nasolabial folds (NLFs).

Methods:
These were split-face designed, evaluator-blind, noninferiority studies. Fifty-eight subjects with moderate-to-severe NLFs were enrolled in the first study and treated with YC and RES, and 57 subjects were enrolled in the second study and treated with YV and PER. The Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale ranged from 1 (no visible fold) to 5 (extremely deep and long folds), and subject satisfaction was evaluated.

Results:
The least squares mean Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale scores (standard error) at week 26 were 2.56 (0.09) for both YC- and RES-treated NLFs and 2.89 (0.08) and 2.91 (0.08) for YV- and PER-treated NLFs, respectively. The difference between the groups was 0 and 0.02, and the lower limit of its 95% confidence interval was −0.0725 and −0.0125, which was greater than the predefined margin (−0.29), proving the noninferiority of YC and YV to RES and PER, respectively. The safety profiles and subject satisfaction of YC and YV were similar to those of RES and PER, respectively.

Conclusion:
YC is comparable to RES and YV is comparable to PER in terms of performance and safety profiles, with NLF-correcting effects lasting for up to 26 weeks.
Sympathetic overdrive in the metabolic syndrome: meta-analysis of published studies
Authors: Quarti Trevano Fosca , Dell’Oro Raffaella , Biffi Annalisa , Seravalle Gino , Corrao Giovanni , Mancia Giuseppe , Grassi Guido 
Published: January 2021

Objective:
The microneurographic technique has shown that sympathetic overactivity may characterize patients with the metabolic syndrome. However, technical and methodological limitations of the studies prevented to draw definite conclusions. The present meta-analysis evaluated 16 microneurographic studies including 650 individuals, 444 metabolic syndrome patients and 206 healthy controls, respectively. The analysis was primarily based on muscle sympathetic nerve traffic (MSNA) quantified by microneurography in metabolic syndrome.

Methods:
Assessment was extended to the relationships of MSNA with an indirect neuroadrenergic marker, such as heart rate (HR), anthropometric variables, as BMI, waist–hip ratio and metabolic profile.

Results:
Metabolic syndrome individuals displayed MSNA values (means ± SEM) significantly greater than controls (58.6 ± 4.8 versus 41.6 ± 4.1 bursts/100 heart beats, P < 0.01). This result was independent on the concomitant presence of sleep apnea and drug treatment. MSNA was directly and significantly related to clinic SBP (r = 0.91, P < 0.01) but not to BMI (r = 0.17, P = NS), whereas no significant relationship was found between MSNA and metabolic variables included in the definition of metabolic syndrome. No significant correlation was found between MSNA and HR.

Conclusion:
These data provide evidence that metabolic syndrome is characterized by a marked increase (about 30%) in MSNA. They also show that among the variables included in metabolic syndrome definition and related to the sympathetic overdrive blood pressure appears to be the most important one, at variance from what described in obesity in which metabolic and anthropometric factors play a major role. Finally in metabolic syndrome HR does not appear to represent a faithful mirror of the occurring sympathetic activation.
NOVEL OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY FINDINGS IN SEROUS MACULAR DETACHMENT AFTER PANRETINAL PHOTOCOAGULATION
Authors: Ahmad Meleha , Cai Sophie , Nti Akosua , Liu Tin Yan Alvin 
Published: January 2021

Purpose:
To describe a novel optical coherence tomography finding in a case of macular serous retinal detachment after pars plana vitrectomy and panretinal photocoagulation.

Methods:
Retrospective case report.

Results:
A 52 year old male with diabetes underwent uncomplicated pars plana vitrectomy with panretinal photocoagulation for non-clearing vitreous hemorrhage, Postoperative course was complicated by significantly decreased vision and a macular serous retinal detachment that was characterized on optical coherence tomography by a reticular network of hyperreflective bands in the subretinal space. Fluid and hyperreflective material in the subretinal space resolved by postoperative Week 6 with standard postoperative eye drops. However, persistent ellipsoid zone disruption was seen up to postoperative Week 20.

Conclusion:
Extensive subretinal bands can be seen after panretinal photocoagulation. This novel finding can pose diagnostic and management challenges but may resolve with conservative medical management.
Effect of Bandage Contact Lens Exchange on Pain and Healing After Photorefractive Keratectomy—A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: AlDahash Faisal , AlAmeer Ahmad , Hussain Omar ben , Khandekar Rajiv , Ahmad Abeer , Ahad Muhammad 
Published: January 2021

Objective:
To evaluate the corneal re-epithelialization and patient-perceived pain after bandage contact lens (BCL) exchange on day one, after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).

Methods:
A randomized controlled trial, of all patients who underwent bilateral transepithelial-PRK (trans-PRK) or bilateral alcohol debridement and PRK (A-PRK), between March and October 2019. One eye of each patient was randomly assigned to BCL exchange on the first postoperative day (exchange group) and the BCL was not exchanged in the fellow eye (control group). Patients were evaluated daily until healing was complete. At each visit, the corneal epithelial defect was measured, and a questionnaire was used to assess pain, photophobia, and excessive tearing. P<0.05 was statistically significant.

Results:
The study sample was comprised of 56 patients (mean age 27.2±5.7 years). Trans-PRK was performed in 20 (34.5%) and A-PRK in 36 (64.3%) patients. At day 3, 40 (71.4%) eyes of the exchange group healed completely compared with 38 (67.9%) eyes of the control group (P=0.5). At day-1 follow-up, the pain score was 1.87±1.4 in the exchange group and 2.29±1.3 in the control group (P=0.009). The mean pain score was 1.58±1.4 among patients who underwent A-PRK and 2.35±1.2 among patients operated by trans-PRK (P=0.04).

Conclusion:
The epithelial healing did not vary when BCL was exchanged one day after refractive surgery. However, postoperative pain score after PRK was lower at day 1, when the BCL was exchanged. Compared with A-PRK, trans-PRK group demonstrated a higher pain score in the early postoperative phase.
Manhattan Vision Screening and Follow-up Study in Vulnerable Populations (NYC-SIGHT): Design and Methodology
Authors: Hark Lisa A. , Kresch Yocheved S. , De Moraes Carlos Gustavo , Horowitz Jason D. , Park Lisa , Auran James D. , Gorroochurn Prakash , Stempel Stella , Maruri Stefania C. , Stidham Elizabeth M. , Banks Aisha Z. , Saaddine Jinan B. , Lambert Bianca C. , Pizzi Laura T. , Sapru Saloni , Price Simani , Williams Olajide A. , Cioffi George A. , Liebmann Jeffrey M. 
Published: January 2021

Précis:
The Manhattan Vision Screening and Follow-up Study in Vulnerable Populations is a 5-year prospective, cluster-randomized study to improve detection and management of glaucoma and other eye diseases in vulnerable populations living in affordable housing developments.

Purpose:
To describe the study design and methodology of the Manhattan Vision Screening and Follow-up Study in Vulnerable Populations, which aims to investigate whether community-based vision screenings can improve detection and management of glaucoma, vision impairment, cataract, and other eye diseases among vulnerable populations living in affordable housing developments in upper Manhattan.

Materials and Methods:
This 5-year prospective, cluster-randomized, controlled trial consists of vision screening and referral for follow-up eye care among eligible residents aged 40 and older. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and fundus photography are measured. Participants with visual worse than 20/40, or IOP 23 to 29 mm Hg, or unreadable fundus images fail the screening and are scheduled with the on-site optometrist. Those with an abnormal image and/or IOP ≥30 mm Hg, are assigned as “fast-track” and referred to ophthalmology. Participants living in 7 developments randomized to the Enhanced Intervention Group who fail the screening and need vision correction receive complimentary eyeglasses. Those referred to ophthalmology receive enhanced support with patient navigators to assist with follow-up eye care. Participants living in 3 developments randomized to the Usual Care Group who fail the screening and need vision correction are given an eyeglasses prescription only and a list of optical shops. No enhanced support is given to the Usual Care Group. All participants referred to ophthalmology are assisted in making their initial eye exam appointment.

Conclusion:
This study targets vulnerable populations where they live to ensure improved access to and utilization of eye care services in those who are least likely to seek eye care.
Cost of Quality Pilot: A Systematic Methodology for Examining the Cost of Pressure Injury
Authors: Polancich Shea , Miltner Rebecca , Poe Terri , Williamson Jason , Vander Noot Ross , Shirey Maria 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
Health care costs in the United States are considerable, and total national cost of preventable adverse events in the United States ranges from billions to trillions of dollars annually. Achieving the highest quality of health services requires delivering care that mitigates the risk of patient adverse events. Pressure injuries are a significant and costly adverse event. Mitigating or eliminating harm from pressure injuries not only improves quality and increases patient safety but also decreases costs of care. The purpose of this article is to pilot a systematic methodology for examining the differences in the cost of care for a subset of patients with and without hospital-acquired pressure injuries in an acute care setting.
Implicit/Explicit Beliefs About God, Uncertainty, and Anxiety
Authors: Aryeh Rebecca , Pirutinsky Steven , Rosmarin David H. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) refers to the incapacity to cope with a perceived lack of information sustained by negative perceptions about uncertainty and its implications. Previous research regarding the role of religion and spirituality (R/S) in coping with uncertainty is unclear. The current research assessed if implicit and explicit beliefs about God are related to these discrepancies. Participants completed an explicit task, an implicit association task, the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results indicated that explicit and implicit beliefs independently correlated with IU and anxiety. Regression analyses suggested that these correlations were primarily due to the relationship between negative beliefs of God and IU and that IU partially mediated the relationship between R/S and anxiety. The current findings add to the growing literature on IU and suggest the need to address R/S as a possible correlate of IU.
Stability of mitomycin in polypropylene syringes for use in glaucoma surgery
Authors: Nisse Yann-Eric , Vigneron Jean , Zenier Hubert , D’Huart Elise , Demoré Béatrice 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Introduction:
Outside the oncology field, mitomycin is used in glaucoma surgery. Solutions at 0.2 mg/mL are usually used to fully saturate sterile sponges that are applied to the treatment area. In hospital pharmacies, mitomycin 10 and 40 mg are classically used to prepare the solutions with a lot of losses. The objective of this work was to study the long-term stability to consider preparation in advance and reduce losses in a context of drug shortage.

Methods:
Two different products were used: Ametycine, which contains sodium chloride as excipient, and Mitomycin medac, which contains urea as excipient.
Solutions at 0.1 mg/mL (sometimes used in our hospital) and the more classically used 0.2 mg/mL were prepared and stored in polypropylene syringes. Solutions were kept at −20°C or at 5°C and analyzed on day 28, 63, and 91. Chemical stability was studied by using a previously validated high-performance liquid chromatography stability-indicating method. pH was measured and a visual inspection was performed.

Results:
For each condition, solutions were not stable after long-term storage with concentrations below 90% of the initial concentration after 28 days. Frozen solutions were less stable than refrigerated solutions. pH values increased by more than 1 pH unit after 3 months. Ametycine shows precipitate after freezing but not solutions prepared with Mitomycin medac.
The color of frozen solutions was changed from light blue to light green at −20°C but became light blue after thawing.

Conclusion:
Mitomycin 0.1 and 0.2 mg/mL showed an instability after long-term storage at 5°C or −20°C. These results do not allow the preparation in advance of large batches.
Efficacy of Second Operation for Hemifacial Spasm Within 1 Week After Ineffective Microvascular Decompression
Authors: Sun Qiuyang , Li Bin , Kang Xu , Bai Peng , Zhou Houjun , Zhang Wenbo , Sun Hui , Wang Xiaoqiang 
Published: January 2021

Objective:
To evaluate the efficacy of the second operation within 1 week after ineffective microvascular decompression (MVD) for patients with primary hemifacial spasm (HFS), and to find out the causes of failure.

Methods:
The surgery records and postoperative follow-ups of 52 primary HFS patients who had poor relief of spasm after their first MVDs were investigated. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group A included 46 patients (16 males and 30 females) that went through the second operation within 1 week after the failure of the first MVD. Group B included 6 patients (3 males and 3 females) which did not take the reoperation. The level of spasm of each patient was then re-evaluated 1 year after the first surgery.

Results:
Among 52 patients who had poor relief after the first MVD between April 2016 and October 2019, 46 patients underwent a second MVD within 1 week while 6 patients refused to take the reoperation. Their mean duration of HFS was 102.4 ± 57.9 months. During reoperations for patients in group A, we discovered additional sites of neurovascular compression in 11 cases (23.91%). Forty-five patients (97.82%) in group A achieved complete relief 1 year after the second surgery while there was 1 recurrent case. Four patients (66.67%) in group B achieved delayed relief 1 year after the first surgery, while the other 2 patients were still suffering facial spasm in the 1-year follow-up. Group A demonstrated higher relief rate compared to group B in the 1 year follow up (P = 0.032). Although no severe complications occurred on patients in both group, 4 of them suffered grade II facial palsy, and another 3 patients had developed mild temporary hearing loss on the operation side.

Conclusion:
The second operation within 1 week after an ineffective MVD is safe and effective. Full revealing of root exit zone and making sure no neurovascular compression missed with abnormal muscle response monitoring are the keys to a successful MVD.
Artificial Intelligence for Emotion-Semantic Trending and People Emotion Detection During COVID-19 Social Isolation
Authors: Jelodar Hamed , Orji Rita , Matwin Stan , Weerasinghe Swarna , Oyebode Oladapo , Wang Yongli 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTaking advantage of social media platforms, such as Twitter, this paper provides an effective framework for emotion detection among those who are quarantined. Early detection of emotional feelings and their trends help implement timely intervention strategies. Given the limitations of medical diagnosis of early emotional change signs during the quarantine period, artificial intelligence models provide effective mechanisms in uncovering early signs, symptoms and escalating trends. Novelty of the approach presented herein is a multitask methodological framework of text data processing, implemented as a pipeline for meaningful emotion detection and analysis, based on the Plutchik/Ekman approach to emotion detection and trend detection. We present an evaluation of the framework and a pilot system. Results of confirm the effectiveness of the proposed framework for topic trends and emotion detection of COVID-19 tweets. Our findings revealed Stay-At-Home restrictions result in people expressing on twitter both negative and positive emotional semantics (feelings), where negatives are “Anger” (8.5% of tweets), followed by “Fear” (5.2%), “Anticipation” (53.6%) and positive emotional semantics are “Joy” (14.7%) and “Trust” (11.7%). Semantic trends of safety issues related to staying at home rapidly decreased within the 28 days and also negative feelings related to friends dying and quarantined life increased in some days. These findings have potential to impact public health policy decisions through monitoring trends of emotional feelings of those who are quarantined. The framework presented here has potential to assist in such monitoring by using as an online emotion detection tool kit.
NOMA: a high-throughput microchip for robust, sequential measurements of secretions from the same single-cells
Authors: Liu Meimei , Ji Yahui , Zhu Fengjiao , Bai Xue , Li Linmei , Xie Hua , Liu Xianming , Luo Yong , Liu Tingjiao , Lin Bingcheng , Lu Yao 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDespite recent advances in single-cell analysis technologies, lacking simple methods to keep the live single-cells traceable for longitudinal detection reliably poses a significant obstacle in single-cell secretion analysis. Here we reported the high-density NOMA (narrow-opening microwell array) microchip that realized the retention of≥97% of trapped single cells in dedicated spatial locations during repetitive detection procedures, verified with both adherent and suspension cells by two researchers independently. We applied it in monitoring single-cell protein secretions sequentially from the same single cells, and we found the digital protein secretion patterns dominate the protein secretion. We also demonstrated the microchip for longitudinally tracking IL-8 and the CD81+EV secretions from the same single-cells over days, which revealed the presence of “super secretors” within the cell population be more persistent to secrete protein or extracellular vesicle for an extended period. The NOMA platform reported here is simple, robust, and easy to operate for tracking sequential measurements from the same single cells, representing a novel and informative tool to inspire new observations in biomedical research.Table of Contents Graphic
Molecular basis of small-molecule binding to α-synuclein
Authors: Robustelli Paul , Ibanez-de-Opakua Alain , Campbell-Bezat Cecily , Giordanetto Fabrizio , Becker Stefan , Zweckstetter Markus , Pan Albert C. , Shaw David E. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are implicated in many human diseases. They have generally not been amenable to conventional structure-based drug design, however, because their intrinsic conformational variability has precluded an atomic-level understanding of their binding to small molecules. Here we present long-timescale, atomic-level molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of monomeric α-synuclein (an IDP whose aggregation is associated with Parkinson’s disease) binding the small-molecule drug fasudil in which the observed protein-ligand interactions were found to be in good agreement with previously reported NMR chemical shift data. In our simulations, fasudil, when bound, favored certain charge-charge and π-stacking interactions near the C terminus of α-synuclein, but tended not to form these interactions simultaneously, rather breaking one of these interactions and forming another nearby (a mechanism we termdynamic shuttling). Further simulations with small molecules chosen to modify these interactions yielded binding affinities and key structural features of binding consistent with subsequent NMR experiments, suggesting the potential for MD-based strategies to facilitate the rational design of small molecules that bind with disordered proteins.