bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Choice of anesthetic support components for children during MRI procedures
Authors: Anastasov Andriy G. , Ovcharenko Olekcii V. , Nazin Dmitry O. , Tomashkevych Bohdan A. , Mikhaylichenko Yegor V. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction. An MRI-scan in early childhood requires anesthesia to create complete immobility of the patient due to the high incidence of artifacts with an MRI duration of 40 to 60 minutes. The purpose of the work is to select the components of anesthetic support in children from one month to three years old with MRI.
Materials and methods. The object of the study was 33 patients aged one month to three years with congenital and acquired brain pathology. Anesthetic management intravenous general anesthesia without mechanical ventilation. Anesthesia in 11 (33.3%) patients of group 1 midazolam 0.5% 0.3 mg/kg, in 12 (36.4%) patients of group 2 midazolam 0.5% at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg + ketamine 5% 1.5 mg/kg, and in 10 (30.3%) patients of group 3 midazolam 0.5% at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg + propofol 2 mg/kg.
Results. Group 1 patients achieved a sedation level on the RASS scale of 2.2 0.1 points with preservation of sound and tactile sensitivity, spontaneous involuntary movements limbs in 72.7% of cases. Group 2 patients had a lack of motor activity, consciousness - an assessment on the RASS scale 4.6 0.4 points, BIS 59.4 1%, increased in blood pressure by 7.3%, and normal without depression of respiratory function. Group 3 patients required careful titration of each subsequent dose, constant monitoring of breathing and hemodynamics, and, if necessary, maintaining adequate ventilation during the induction stage.
Conclusion. The most rational components for anesthesia support in young children during MRI scanning are midazolam solutions at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg and ketamine at 1.5/kg.
Effectiveness of endoscopic treatment of duplex system ureteroceles in children
Authors: Dubrov Vitaly I. , Strotsky Alexandr V. , Shkutov Aleksey O. 
Published: March 2021

Objective. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of transurethral incision of ureteroceles and incidence of vesicoureteral reflux in pediatric patients with duplex system ureterocele.
Materials and methods. This is a retrospective study of 155 pediatric patients with duplex system ureterocele. The age of patients at the time of surgery ranged from 5 days to 17 years (median 8.0 months). Intravesical ureterocele had 108 patients (69.8%), extravesical 47 (30.2%).
Results. Complications occurred in 2 patients (1.3%), recurrence obstruction was in 1 case (0.6%). Ipsilateral vesicoureteral reflux after surgery had 112 patients (72.3%): in the upper pole 51 cases (32.9%), in the lower pole 32 (20.6%), in both ureters 29 (18.7%). In the long-term period after transurethral incision of ureteroceles 97 patients (62.5%) needed reoperation due to infection and voiding dysfunction. Statistically significant risk factors associated with the need for reoperation were the presence of vesicoureteral reflux on the ureteroceles side and non-functioning upper pole of the kidney.
Conclusion. Transurethral incision of ureteroceles for duplex system ureterocele is a safe and effective minimally invasive method of primary resolving of the obstruction. Vesicoureteral reflux on the ureterocele side after surgery had 72.3% of patients; reoperation in the long term was necessary in 62.5% cases. The main risk factor reoperation is vesicoureteral reflux on the ureterocele side.
Errors and сomplications in the treatment of children with anorectal malformations
Authors: Pimenova Evgeniya S. , Tarasova Darya S. , Morozov Dmitry D. , Morozov Dmitry A. 
Published: March 2021

Purpose. This manuscript aims to introduce errors and complications of diagnosis and treatment in children with anorectal malformations (ARM).
Methods. A retrospective analysis of 63 children with ARM treated at a single tertiary Speransky childrens Hospital.
Results. The patients ages ranged from 2 mo to 17 y. o. (median, 6 y. o.). The types of ARM included: rectourethral fistula 27%, rectoperineal fistula 17.5%, rectovestibular fistula 15.9%, rectobladderneck fistula 6.3%, no fistula 7.9%, cloaca 11.1%, cloaca with urogenital sinus and disorder of sex development 1.6%, pouch colon 1.6%, rectal stenosis 4.8%, anal duplication 3.2%, and rectovaginal fistula 3.2%. Of these patients, 76% underwent surgery earlier at another hospital (surgical treatment completed), 14% had stomas, and 10% did not have any prior procedures. The historical analysis showed diagnostic errors in 48% of children (untimely diagnosis, incorrect interpretation of the ARM variant, prolonged delay in anorectoplasty). Errors led to emergency procedures or changes in subsequent surgical treatment (further ostomy, excess bowel resection) in 22% of cases. After anorectoplasty (stenosis, mislocated anus/rectum, rectal prolapse), complications were detected in 56% of cases, whereas ostomy complications were observed in 5% of cases. Long-term problems after the surgical treatment (constipation, incontinence, and pseudoincontinence) were evident in 98% of children. Different surgical reconstructive techniques of the sphincter formation had been performed previously in 13% of patients. Moreover, they most often had spinal pathology as the cause of functional disorders. Only half of the childrens parents had information about bowel management, 38% did not follow the recommendations and usually had fecal impaction and pseudoincontinence. 45% of children/parents performed non-effective or irregular enemas and required corrective treatment.
Conclusion. It is recommended that Russian pediatric surgeons treat children with ARM, according to Russian pediatric surgeons guidelines consistent with international protocols to avoid errors and complications.
Treatment of children with skin and soft tissue defects of distal phalanges of the fingers
Authors: Berezutskii Sergey N. , Pinigin Alexey G. 
Published: March 2021

Introduction. This article discusses the relevance of performing organ-preserving operations for traumatic skin and soft tissue defects in children. The author analyzes the traditional types of skin grafting procedures and their application in children. From the authors' point of view, the most acceptable skin grafting method is a displaced island flap on a neurovascular pedicle with direct blood flow.
Materials and methods. The operating technique of lifting a displaced island flap on a neurovascular pedicle with direct blood flow is shown. The features of its implementation, the number of children, and their distribution by groups are shown. From 2016 to 2019, 15 children with traumatic defects of the distal phalanges of the fingers were operated on in the microsurgical Department of the Khabarovsk KKB No. 2 using a displaced neurovascular island flap on the leg with direct blood flow. The children ranged in age from four to 14 years. The number of children and the frequency of damage to the right and left hands was approximately the same.
Results. Positive results of using this technique in the Department of Microsurgery of KKB No. 2 are presented. In all cases, it was possible to close the existing defects with the primary closure of the donor defect simultaneously; Sensitivity was preserved in all operated children, and movements in the finger joints were almost complete.
Discussion. This flap method has undeniable advantages, although it is quite time-consuming and requires microsurgical skills, techniques, and appropriate equipment. The proposed skin grafting results are encouraging and satisfying for both doctors and children with parents.
Conclusions. The authors recommend this skin grafting method for traumatic defects of the distal phalanges of the fingers in children.
Gestión de las actividades turísticas en los municipios de Licey Almedio y Tamboril en su desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Acosta Guzmán José Alberto 
Published: March 2021

El crecimiento del turismo rural en la República Dominicana eminentemente turístico, cuya especialización en el denominado turismo de “sol y playa” viene siendo hasta este momento prácticamente en lo absoluto, esto plantea importantes desafíos en su gestión, particularmente en el área de marketing. Las características de esta tipología turística y la necesidad de preservar y conservar el medio ambiente en el que se desarrolla, condicionan las acciones a llevar a cabo en este ámbito y exigen una adecuada planeación que tenga en cuenta no sólo los beneficios derivados de esta actividad turística , sino también los gastos que genera. En este trabajo de investigación se analizan los factores a considerar a la hora de implementar acciones turísticas en el medio ambiente rural (Licey –Tamboril) y la necesidad de evaluar los impactos, tanto positivos como negativos, que ello generaría en la zona. Asimismo, se tratara el factor comunicación, por entender que su rol es básicamente el crecimiento sostenible del turismo rural. En esta investigación se trataran cuestiones muy importantes para los munícipes de Licey Almedio y Tamboril, los cuales, son colindantes, fundamentalmente por la carretea denominada DE LA PEÑA, tienen en común, un recurso natural de mucha importancia y esto lo representa el árbol de la Ceiba, el cual tiene más de mil años, representando el recurso natural más antiguo de las Antillas.
Turismo cinematográfico: la conquista online de nuevos mercados
Authors: González Conde Alba , Araújo Vila Noelia , Rodríguez Campo Lorena 
Published: March 2021

El turismo cinematográfico o movie-induced tourism es un nuevo tipo de turismo surgido a finales del siglo XX que, en muy poco tiempo se ha convertido en todo un fenómeno a nivel mundial. Las Film Commission junto con las Destination Management Organization (DMO) cuentan con herramientas como las rutas cinematográficas y los movie maps para atraer al máximo número de turistas posibles antes, durante y después de que un rodaje se haya realizado en su territorio. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es conocer el grado de implicación y eficacia comunicacional interactiva que las DMO tienen con respecto a la promoción del turismo cinematográfico. El instrumento empleado para lograr el objetivo propuesto se basa en el estudio de las páginas web de las distintas DMO europeas seleccionadas, mediante la técnica de análisis de contenido, considerando las características de usabilidad, funcionalidad e interactividad. Los resultados indican que la mayoría de los sitios web analizados poseen una eficacia media o baja a la hora de transmitir una comunicación interactiva y un adecuado contenido de la información para el usuario, salvo Reino Unido, seguida de Suecia, Austria, España y Malta.
Basic concepts of PVT collector technologies, applications and markets
Authors: Lämmle Manuel , Herrando María , Ryan Glen 
Published: March 2021

Report D5: The aim of this report is to provide a summary of the current state of the PVT collector technologies, applications, and markets. The contents of this report have been used to update and enhance a Wikipedia article on PVT in order to better inform on PVT a wide audience. Therefore, the main structure and some literal fragments of the current Wikipedia are reused. Instead of citing the literal fragments of the old Wikipedia article in the main text, we included the old article in appendix and marked the fragments that were reused.
NOVEL SIRKUS POHON KARYA ANDREA HIRATA: KAJIAN STILISTIKA
Authors: Kristiana Ayu , Saputra Heru S. P. , Mariati Sri 
Published: March 2021

The goal of this study is revealing the stylistic elements found in the novel entitled Sirkus Pohon by Andrea Hirata, preceding by describing the relationship between structural elements. The research method is a qualitative method with descriptive analysis based on structural theoretical concepts and stylistics. The results of the study shows that the structural elements in the novel Sirkus Pohon have a relationship between one to other element namely title, theme, character, conflict, and setting. All these five elements form the wholeness of the story. In the field of stylistics, the aesthetics of the story can be obtained from the language potentiality namely diction, sentence style and figurative language. The figurative language created by the writer are metaphor, sentence style, and personification. The potential language used by Andrea Hirata cannot be separated from the sociocultural context and also the sleight of the writer. The writer presents an intellectual figure, whereas the contextual society is a traditional and poor. It twitters people of Malay in the inland Belitung who still innocence but full of intrigue. In this novel, the appearance of pomegranates is related to the problems of love, traditional beliefs, the revival of the traveling circus, and political issues. The author expresses the traditional beliefs contradicting to the author's logic or intellect.
KONFLIK TOKOH UTAMA NOVEL “SENGSARA MEMBAWA NIKMAT” KARYA SUTAN SATI
Authors: Widiastuti Siwi Andani 
Published: March 2021

Masalah yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah konflik tokoh utama novel “Sengsara Membawa Nikmat” karya Sutan Sati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan konflik fisik, konflik batin, dan untuk mendeskripsikan faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya konflik dalam novel.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konflik fisik yang dialami oleh tokoh utama terbagi menjadi konflik dengan lingkungan yaitu lingkungan penjara dan konflik yang terjadi dengan orang lain yaitu konflik dengan Kacak, Haji Abbas, Pak Inuh, Tuanku Laras, Sipir dan Tukang Kunci, Ganjil, Mandur Saman, tiga orang hukuman, Syekh Abdullah Al-Hadramut dan Serdadu. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi penelitian lain serta dijadikan tambahan pengajaran sastra di sekolah secara lebih mendalam. Di samping itu, dapat bermanfaat bagi penulis dan pembaca umum.
KEMAMPUAN MENGGUNAKAN KAIDAH KEBAHASAAN DALAM TEKS BERITA SISWA KELAS VIII SMPN 4 BANJARMASIN TAHUN AJARAN 2018/2019
Authors: Munawarah  , Agus Zakiah , Sabhan  
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan siswa dalam menggunakan kaidah dalam kebahasaan teks berita. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini akan dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan statistik berupa angka-angka. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa kemampuan penguasaan kaidah kebahasaan siswa kelas VIII, yaitu sebanyak 9 (14%) siswa berkategori sangat mampu, sebanyak 24 (38%) siswa mampu, sebanyak 15 (24%) cukup mampu, sebanyak 12 (19%) mampu, dan sebanyak 3 (5%) tidak mampu dalam menguasai kaidah kebahasaan. Data untuk penguasaan kaidah kebahasaan teks berita menunjukkan dari 63 orang siswa sebanyak 24 (38%) siswa mampu dalam menguasai kaidah kebahasaan teks berita. Pemakaian kata baku siswa kelas VIII dalam membuat teks berita sebanyak 56 (89% ) siswa berkategori sangat mampu, sebanyak 4 (7%) mampu, sebanyak 2 (3%) siswa cukup mampu, sebanyak 1 (1%) siswa tidak mampu dalam memakai kata baku dalam membuat teks berita.
Optical coherence tomography angiography evaluation of the effects of phacoemulsification cataract surgery on macular hemodynamics in Chinese normal eyes
Authors: Jia Xinyu , Wei Yinjuan , Song Hui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To quantitatively evaluate the possible effects of phacoemulsification cataract surgery on macular hemodynamics using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).Methods: This was a prospective observational study. Superficial and deep macular vascular densities, as well as parameters of foveal avascular zone (FAZ), were measured preoperatively (baseline) and at 1 day, 1 week, and 4 weeks postoperatively in normal eyes (≥22 mm and ≤24 mm) of patients scheduled for phacoemulsification cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation. The correlations between the rate of change of pre- and post-operative vascular densities and surgical parameters were analyzed.Results: A total of 123 eyes of 107 patients were included in this study. Compared to the baseline measurements, no statistically significant variation was found in macular vascular densities at 1 day after the surgery (P>0.05). Both superficial and deep macular vascular densities were significantly increased postoperatively at weeks 1 and week 4 (P<0.05; P<0.05), however no statistically significant differences were detected in any of the FAZ parameters between the baseline measurements and the entire follow-up period (P>0.05 for all). Also, no statistically significant correlations were established between main surgical parameters and macular vascular densities changes.Conclusions: In normal eyes, macular blood perfusion gradually increased after phacoemulsification cataract surgery and was stabilized in one week. The foveal avascular zone was stabilized before and after the surgery. The main parameters and intraoperative perfusion of phacoemulsification surgery may not be the key factors affecting macular hemodynamics.
A cross-sectional study on the impact of the prevention and control response of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's orthopedic trauma in Shanghai
Authors: Qian Chuang , Zheng Yiming , Meng Junrong , Li Hao , Wang Dahui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The Chinese government has taken strong prevention and control measures against the COVID-19 pandemic, and has achieved phased victory in the fight against it. The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic provides an opportunity to study the influence of governmental prevention and control response on orthopedic trauma in children.Methods: We collected and reviewed data on orthopedic trauma from the first half of 2018, 2019, and 2020. The data were divided according to the time of prevention and control response level in 2020. By comparing the relevant data from orthopedic emergency and operating rooms from the past three years, the influence of governmental pandemic prevention measures on orthopedic trauma in children was analyzed. Results: A total of 36301 children were included in the study cohort. Before the prevention and control response, the data of the orthopedic emergency department in 2020 was the same as the previous two years. Under the first-level response, the number of fractures, open injuries, radial head subluxation, and surgery were significantly reduced, and the severity of patients with surgery was also significantly reduced. Under the second-level response, the number of operations began to increase, and the severity of the disease also began to rise. Under the third-level response control, the number of fractures, open injuries, and operations have returned to the levels of the previous two years. The severity of the operation has also returned to its previous level. The number of subluxations of the radial head is still different from before.Conclusion: The pandemic of COVID-19 has affected the social activities of Shanghai residents and reduced the incidence of orthopedic trauma in children. With the control of the pandemic, the living conditions of Shanghai residents have basically recovered.
Efficient separation and recovery of Re (VII) from Re/U bearing acidic solutions using aminotriazole modified cellulose microsphere adsorbents
Authors: Wen Di , Hua Rong , Dong Zhen , Xie Kangjun , Qi Wei , Zhao Long 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this work, aminotriazole-modified microcrystalline cellulose microspheres (3-ATAR) containing an abundant nitrogen content as promising adsorbent was prepared via a radiation grafting method for the selective recovery ReO4- in the presence of UO22+ in acidic solution. A series of batch and column adsorption experiments including monocomponent and binary systems, were designed for evaluating the adsorption and separation performance of Re (VII) onto 3-ATAR. The 3-ATAR exhibited a good adsorption capacity (max 146.4 mg·g-1) of Re(VII) and a rapid adsorption rate, with equilibrium time of 45 min. In binary solution, the high selectivity coefficients (βRe/M) indicated that 3-ATAR could separate and recover Re(VII) from U(VI) and other metal ions (Cu(II), Cr(III), Ni(II), Zn(II)). In particular, it was found that the adsorption of Re was almost unaffected in U/Re-bearing solutions no matter how much the U(VI) was changed. In the column experiment, when the concentration of U(VI) was 40 times higher than that of Re(VII), 3-ATAR manifested high Re(VII) selectivity over U(VI) from a synthetic uranium ore leachate. This work demonstrated that 3-ATAR could provide an efficient, selectively, sustainable, and industrially feasible way for Re(VII) to be recovered from uranium ore leachate and other prospective sources.
Knowledgebase Approximation Using Association Rules Aggregation
Authors: Mehrannia Pouya , Moshiri Behzad , Basir Otman Adam 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This paper introduces knowledgebase approximation and fusion using association rules aggregation as a means to facilitate accelerated insight induction from high-dimensional and disparate knowledgebases. There are two typical observations that make approximating knowledgebases of interest: (1) it is quite often that insights can be derived based from a partial set of the samples, and not necessarily from all of them; and (2) generally speaking, it is rare that the knowledge of interest is contained in one knowledgebase, but rather distributed among a disparate set of unidentical knowledgebases. As a matter of fact, the insights derivable from knowledgebases tend to be uncertain, even if they were to be derived from a wholistic analysis of the knowledgebase. Thus, optimal knowledgebase approximation may yield the computational efficiency benefit without necessarily compromising insight accuracy. This paper presents a novel method to approximate a set of knowledgebases based on association rule aggregation using the disjunctive pooling rule. We show that this method can reduce insight discovery time while maintaining approximation accuracy within a desirable level.
Integrating Multiple and Fine Scale Predictors of Habitat Selection and Landscape Resistance for Amphibian Distribution Modelling at Large Scale
Authors: Matutini Florence , Baudry Jacques , Fortin Marie-Josée , Pain Guillaume , Pithon Joséphine 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Context – Species distribution modelling is a common tool in conservation biology but two main criticisms remain: (1) the use of simplistic variables that do not account for species movements and/or connectivity and (2) poor consideration of multi-scale processes driving species distributions. Objectives – We aimed to determine if including multi-scale and fine-scale movement processes in SDM predictors would improve accuracy of SDM for low-mobility amphibian species over species-level analysis.Methods – We tested and compared different SDMs for nine amphibian species with four different sets of predictors: (1) simple distance-based predictors; (2) single-scale compositional predictors; (3) multi-scale compositional predictors with a priori selection of scale based on knowledge of species mobility and scale-of-effect (4) multi-scale compositional predictors calculated using a friction-based functional grain to account for resource accessibility with landscape resistance to movement.Results - Using friction-based functional grain predictors produced slight to moderate improvements of SDM performance at large scale. The multi-scale approach, with a priori scale selection led to ambiguous results depending on the species studied, in particular for generalist species.Conclusion - We underline the potential of using a friction-based functional grain to improve SDM predictions for species-level analysis.