bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
E-Cigarettes and myocardial Infarction: a systemic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sharma A , Gupta I , U V , Golamari R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Introduction
With widespread awareness about the harmful effects of traditional smoking, many people are considering the use of an e-cigarette. However, there are many studies which have shown e-cigarettes is not entirely harmless and it’s use has been implication in causing major adverse cardiovascular events.
Methodology
This systemic review strictly adhered to the PRISMA checklist. An electronic search was conducted comprehensively through five databases to find the relevant articles. The odds ratio (OR) was used for comparing groups. Meta-analysis was conducted using R statistical software version 3.4.3. A random-effect model was used.

Results
A total of 4 studies were included in the analysis incorporating data on 585,306 subjects. In these, 19,435 were e-cigarettes users, while 1693 used only traditional cigarette users, and 553,095 were non-e-cigarette users. A total of 7.0% of e-cigarette users suffered an MI in their lifetime, while only 6.5% of non-e-cigarette users have had MI. The OR of getting an MI in e-cigarettes users was 1.30 (95% CI = 1.23-1.38, p-value &lt; 0.01) in comparison to non e-cigarette users. While it is 0.61 (95% CI = 0.40 – 0.93, p-value 0.02) when compared with traditional smoking.

Conclusion
Those using e-cigarettes have a higher odds of suffering from an MI in comparison to not using e-cigarettes. However, using e-cigarettes reduces the risk of MI by half in comparison to traditional smoking.
Abstract Figure. Forest plot
Predictive role of platelet indices on hospital admission and discharge in the long-term prognosis of acute coronary syndrome: Platelets do count
Authors: Psarakis G , Farmakis I , Zafeiropoulos S , Tsolakidis C , Konstantas O , Kourti O , Touriki AB , Psathas T , Vrana E , Graidis S , Spyridaki K , Daniilidou A , Baroutidou A , Karvounis H , Giannakoulas G 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background/Introduction: Previous clinical studies have underlined the prognostic role of platelet indices in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, the effect of their dynamic change during hospitalization has not thoroughly been examined. Purpose: We aimed to investigate the association between platelet indices on admission, on discharge and their change during hospitalization and the long-term prognosis of patients with ACS. Methods: Data from a randomized controlled trial recruiting ACS patients were analyzed in a survival analysis. Platelet count (PC), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and plateletcrit (PCT) on admission and on discharge dichotomized at the median value, as well as the change between admission and discharge of each variable dichotomized at the zero value. Primary endpoints were major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as occurrence of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke or hospitalization for unstable angina, while secondary endpoints were all-cause mortality, all-cause hospitalization and major or minor bleeding events. Results: The study included 252 individuals who were followed-up for a median of 39 months. In the univariate Cox regression analysis, only PC at discharge (HR 2.20, 95% CI 1.10-4.40), MPV at discharge (HR 0.48, 95% CI 0.25-0.94) and PC reduction during the hospitalization (HR 0.25, 95% CI 0.13-0.51) predicted MACE. PC reduction correlated with a lower MACE occurrence (adjusted HR 0.27, 95%CI 0.14-0.54) and lower risk of all-cause hospitalization (adjusted HR 0.36, 95%CI 0.19-0.68) in the multivariable Cox-regression analysis. Conclusion: PC change during hospitalization can be a substantial independent predictor of long-term prognosis of ACS patients.
Baseline and admission characteristics Characteristic Statistic Overall, N = 252 Negative Platelet Difference, N = 98 Postive Platelet Difference, N = 154 p-value Age, years median (IQR) 60 (53, 72) 62 (55, 74) 60 (53, 72) 0.2 Hypertension n(%) 147(58.3%) 58(59.2%) 89(57.8%) &gt;0.9 Diabetes n(%) 71(28.2%) 27(27.6%) 44(28.6%) &gt;0.9 Cardiovascualr Disease (CVD) n(%) 100(39.7%) 43(43.9%) 57(37.0%) 0.3 Primary Coronary Intervention (PCI) treatment n(%) 200(79.4%) 71(72.4%) 129(83.8%) 0.045 Number of vessels n 0.6 1 n(%) 107(59.1%) 38(59.4%) 69(59.0%) ≥2 n(%) 68(37.6%) 25(39.1%) 43(36.8%) Platelets at admission, K/μL mean(SD) 257179(71031) 237020(62555) 270006(73282) 0.001 Platelets at dischage, K/μL mean(SD) 250952(70263) 279153(75159) 233006(60698) &lt;0.001
Abstract Figure. MACE univariate / multivariate analysis
Exercise end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure: a new prognostic marker after acute myocardial infarction?
Authors: Ferreira J , Rio P , Castelo A , Cardoso I , Silva S , Ferreira RC 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Background
Although several cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) parameters have already proved to predict prognosis, there is increasing interest in finding variables that do not require maximal effort. End-tidal carbon dioxide pressure (PETCO2), an indirect indicator of cardiac output, is one of such variables. Studies in heart failure populations already suggest its role as a prognostic factor. However, data concerning other populations are still scarce.

Purpose
To assess the association between exercise PETCO2, cardiac biomarkers and systolic function following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to evaluate its potential prognostic role in this population.

Methods
A retrospective single-centre analysis was conducted including patients who underwent symptom-limited CPET early after AMI. We assessed PETCO2 at baseline (PETCO2-B), at anaerobic threshold (PETCO2-AT) and at peak exercise and calculated the difference between PETCO2-AT and PETCO2-B (PETCO2-difference). We analysed their association with B-natriuretic peptide (BNP), maximal troponin after AMI as well as with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 1 year after.

Results
We included 40 patients with a mean age of 56 years (87.5% male), assessed with CPET a median of 3 months after AMI (80% of which were ST-elevation myocardial infarctions). Average respiratory exchange ratio was 1,1 with 48% of patients not reaching maximal effort. Mean PETCO2-AT was 37mmHg, with a mean increase from baseline of 6mmHg (PETCO2-difference). There was a significant positive correlation between all the PETCO2 variables measured and BNP values at time of AMI and on follow-up (best correlation for PETCO2-AT with BNP at AMI hospitalization, r = 0.608, p &lt; 0.001). Maximal troponin was not correlated with PETCO2. Both PETCO2-AT and PETCO2-difference were significantly and positively correlated with LVEF 1-year post-AMI (r = 0.421, p = 0.040 and r = 0.511, p = 0.011, respectively).

Conclusion
PETCO2-AT and PETCO2-difference are both correlated with BNP, an established prognostic marker, and with medium-term systolic function after AMI, suggesting their potential prognostic role in this population. Further studies with larger samples are required to confirm the results of this pilot study and assess PETCO2 as a definite predictor of prognosis after AMI.
Factors affecting the prognosis of patient with ST elevation myocardial infarction and massive thrombosis of infart related coronaty artery
Authors: Leonova I , Boldueva S , Maznev D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Manual thrombaspiration (MT) is aimed at achieving optimal myocardial perfusion and improving prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions.
Purpose. To study the factors influencing the prognosis of the disease in patients with STEMI and massive thrombosis of an infarction-associated artery, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention in combination with MT.
Materials and methods. 2-year dynamic follow-up of two groups of patients with STEMI: 175 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention with MT and 175 patients with percutaneous coronary intervention without MT.
Results. As a result of the logistic regression analysis by a step-by-step method of including factors (107 indicators in total) that affect the likelihood of developing major adverse coronary event (MACE), the parameters independently influencing the risk of their development were: age of patients over 65 years old (OR 1.9), history of coronary heart disease and MI (OR 3.35), diabetes mellitus (OR 2.54), ischemia time more than 180 minutes (OR 5.43), multivessel coronary artery disease (OR 2.16), absence of myocardial perfusion - MBG grade 0 (OR 39 , 82), the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes is more than 3 (OR 11.05). In addition, it was found that with LV ejection fraction at discharge ≤ 42%, the risk of developing BCCS after 48 months. follow-up in both groups was 17.7 times higher (p = 0.00001, OR: 17.7 CI 95%), and in patients in the MTA (+) group with LV EDV of more than 160 ml at discharge from the hospital, the risk of developing MACE after 48 months observation was 7.9 times higher (p = 0.006).
Conclusion. A retrospective analysis of the data obtained showed that all patients with STEMI and massive thrombosis of an infarction-associated coronary artery who died of cardiac causes had predictors of unfavorable outcome, most of which were determined already in the first hours of myocardial infarction.
Types of remodeling and assessment of myocardial diastolic function in patients with ACS and CCS
Authors: Maslovskyi VI , Mezhiievska IA 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Objective
to study the features of the structural and functional condition of the myocardium in patients with various forms of coronary artery disease.
Methods. 165 patients with various forms of coronary artery disease were examined. On average, patients NSTEMI - 90, NSTE-ACS - 25, STEMI - 25, chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) - 25. Features of structural and functional condition of the myocardium were determined by echocardiography in M-, B, and D-modes.
All of research corresponding to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki of the World Medical Association.
Results. Evaluation of the nature of structural-geometric remodeling of the left ventricle (Fig. 1) revealed the predominance of normal geometry in patients with NSTEMI in comparison with STEMI (8 (8.9%) vs. 2 (8.0%), p= 0.06), and in the group with NSTE-ACS in comparison with STEMI (0 (0) vs. 2 (8.0%), p = 0.02). Concentric remodeling was significantly more common in the group of patients with NSTEMI compared with STEMI (23 (25.6%) vs. 2 (8.0%), p = 0.06), and in the group with NSTE-ACS compared with STEMI (9 ( 36.0%) vs. 2 (8.0%), p = 0.02).

Analysis of the nature of diastolic transmitral blood flow revealed the following changes
normal type - 5 vs. 0 in the groups of NSTE-ACS and STEMI, respectively (p = 0.02), the type of relaxation disorder - 58 against 19 in the groups NSTEMI and NSTE-ACS, respectively (p = 0.02), 58 vs. 13 in the NSTEMI and STEMI groups, respectively (p = 0.03), 19 vs. 13 in the NSTE-ACS and STEMI groups, respectively (p &lt;0.0001), 19 vs. 16 in the NSTE-ACS and CCS groups, respectively (p= 0.04), by type of pseudonormalization - 23 against 1 in the groups NSTEMI and NSTE-ACS, respectively (p =0.02), 23 against 12 in the groups NSTEMI and STEMI, respectively (p = 0.03), 1 against 12 in the groups NSTE-ACS and STEMI, respectively (p &lt;0.0001), 1 vs. 6 in the groups NSTE-ACS and CCS, respectively (p = 0.04).
Conclusions. The highest degree of concentric remodeling was found in patients with NSTE-ACS, concentric hypertrophy in the CCS group, excentric hypertrophy in the STEMI group. Changes in transmitral blood flow by type of relaxation disorder prevailed in the NSTE-ACS group, by type of pseudonormalization in STEMI patients. In patients with NSTEMI, transmitral blood flow prevailed as a type of relaxation disorder.
Abstract Figure. Fig. 1
Analysis of exercise capacity, quality of life and leisure sports in patients with a Fontan circulation
Authors: Niemann A , Rinne K , Uebing A , Voges I 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background/Introduction: Despite the improvement in survival, patients with a Fontan circulation are exposed to numerous complications as well as a reduced exercise capacity and quality of life.

Purpose
To assess the influence of the type of single ventricle (right vs. left) and the amount of sporting activity on exercise capacity and health related quality of life (HRQol) in a large group of Fontan patients.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of standardised cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET) performed on a treadmill between 2014 and 2019. Questionnaires to measure HRQol and sporting activity were sent to study participants.

Results
79 patients were enrolled in this study (female, n = 31). 56 of them had a systemic right ventricle (SRV), 20 had a systemic left ventricle (SLV) and 3 had diverse anatomies. Median age at CPET was 12.2 years (range 6.2-34.4 years). The results for important exercise parameters were as follows: peak oxygen uptake (VO2max) 30.7 ± 6.2 ml/kg/min, oxygen uptake at anaerobic threshold (VO2-VAT) 24.7 ± 5.8 ml/kg/min, peak oxygen pulse 8.2 ± 3.4 mlO2/beat and VE/VCO2 slope 39.8 ± 9.1. There was no significant difference in VO2max, VO2-VAT, peak oxygen pulse and VE/CO2 slope between SRV and SLV patients: VO2max 30.2 ± 5.6 vs. 32.8 ± 7.5 ml/kg/min, p = 0.14; VO2-AT 24.4 ± 5.3 vs.25.7 ± 7.3 ml/kg/min, p = 0.53; peak oxygen pulse 7.8 ± 3.2 vs. 9.5 ± 3.9 mlO2/beat, p = 0.06; VE/CO2 slope 41.1 ± 9.6 vs. 36.9 ± 6.8, p = 0.10. Analyses of the questionnaires revealed that most of the patients do leisure sports (n = 60, 76%) with nearly half of them more than two hours per week (n = 26, 33%).
In a subgroup analysis of patients under 18 years (n = 51, 65%) we found that nearly all of them participate in school sports (n = 50) and have a good subjective healthiness (n = 47). VO2-VAT and VO2max correlated positively with subjective healthiness (VO2-VAT r = 0.32, p &lt; 0.05; VO2max r = 0.35, p &lt; 0.05) as well as with the amount of leisure sports activity (hours/week) (VO2-VAT r = 0.37, p &lt; 0.01; VO2max r = 0.50, p &lt; 0.01).

Conclusions
By analysing a large group of patients in Fontan circulation we could demonstrate that there is no difference in exercise capacity between SRV and SLV patients. Furthermore, most of the patients participate in leisure sports and have a good subjective healthiness. In a subgroup of paediatric patients, we were able to show that a better exercise capacity is associated with increased leisure sports activity and a better subjective healthiness.
Impact of grip strength and balance function on the exercise capacity in pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Okamura M , Konishi M , Saigusa Y , Ando S , Nakayama M , Komura N , Sugano T , Tamaura K , Nakamura T 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
【Background】
Patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) suffer from poor exercise capacity due to impaired oxygenation or reduced cardiac output. However, the relationship between exercise capacity and physical functions remains unclear.
【Purpose】
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between exercise capacity and physical functions in pulmonary hypertension.
【Methods】
From February 2018 to June 2020, 94 patients (61.3 ± 14.7 years old, 69.1% females) with group 1/3/4/5 PH underwent cardiac catheterization, 6-minute walking distance (6MWD), and physical function measurements simultaneously. The physical functions was measured using muscle strength (grip strength, knee extension muscle strength), balance function (one leg standing time), and short physical performance battery (SPPB). Exercise capacity was measured by 6MWD.
【Results】
The study cohort consists of 22/8/60/4 (23.4%/8.5%/63.8%/4.3%) patients with group 1/3/4/5 PH, respectively. The average age of each group was 50.7/64.7/63.1/66.0 years old, respectively. A total of 194 measurements of physical functions were evaluated from 94 patients and employed in multivariate logistic regression analysis using adaptive-LASSO methods with the 6MWD (476.2 ± 107.5m) as a dependent variable. WHO functional class (class II: standardized β=-0.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) [-0.54 - -0.16], p &lt; 0.001), class III: β=-0.60, 95%CI [-0.90 - -0.30], p &lt; 0.001), mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2: β=0.11, 95%CI [0.03 - 0.19], p = 0.008), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR: β=-0.16, 95%CI [-0.25 - -0.07], p &lt; 0.001), grip strength (β=0.20, 95%CI [0.09 - 0.31], p &lt; 0.001), one leg standing time (β=0.10, 95%CI [0.00 - 0.20], p = 0.049) , and 4m gait speed test (β=-0.28, 95%CI [-0.36 - -0.19], p &lt; 0.001) were associated with 6MWD.
【Conclusions】
Grip strength and balance function, as well as SvO2 and PVR, were associated with the exercise capacity in pulmonary hypertension.
Predictive value of 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring for cardiovascular events
Authors: Intan-Goey V , Scherrenberg M , Falter M , Kaihara T , Dendale P 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Background
Hypertension is one of the most important cardiovascular risk factors. Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring remains the gold standard to diagnose hypertension. However, it is still unclear whether different time periods of measurement differ in their predictive value for cardiovascular events.

Purpose
To investigate whether different time periods of home BP monitoring can be used as a predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality.

Methods
In this retrospective study, we included patients who had a 24-hour BP measurement between May 2015 and March 2016. Follow-up data were collected up to a maximum of 67 months. BP measurements were taken every 15 minutes from 9 AM until 9 PM and subdivided into 4 time periods, each consisting of 3 hours of measurements. Correlation of BP with major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) defined as cardiovascular hospitalization and all-cause mortality was examined using a Cox-regression model, which was adjusted for possible confounding factors.

Results
A total of 301 patients were included for analysis with mean follow-up of 1830,4 days ± 229. The mean age was 64.3 ± 15.2 and 52.8% of patients were female. Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) for the 4 time periods were respectively 135,3 ± 16/ 82,6 ± 13,2mmHg, 132,3 ± 15,5/ 79,7 ± 12,7mmHg, 135,3 ± 15,5/ 81,7 ± 12,3mmHg and 136,4 ± 16,4 mmHg/ 81,6 ± 12,1mmHg. MACE occurred in 66 (21.9%) patients. The multivariable Cox proportional hazard risk model revealed that SBP between 12 and 3PM (HR 0.966 95% CI (0.945-0.989)) and the DBP between 6 and 9PM (HR 0.935 95% CI (0.898-0.973)) were associated with a reduced risk for MACE. Furthermore, the SBP between 6 and 9PM (HR 1.044 95% CI (1.021-1.068)) and the DBP between 3 and 6PM (HR 1.05 95% CI (1.013-1.089)) were associated with an increased risk for MACE.

Conclusions
The risk of cardiovascular events is higher in patients with a high SBP between 6 and 9PM and high DBP between 3 and 6PM. Lower risk is seen when the SBP is high between 12 and 3PM and the DBP is high between 6 and 9PM. These results might be explained by the circadian rhythm of BP. Further study is needed to confirm this time dependent predictive value of BP measurements.
The impact of renal denervation treatment on left ventricular remodeling in patients with resistant hypertension
Authors: Moiseeva A , Caraus A , Ciobanu A , Moscalu V , Abras M , Surev A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Agency for Research an Development

OnBehalf
HIPERDIAB

Background
Increased blood pressure is considered the major determinant for structural alterations of the left ventricle resulting in increased myocardial mass and pathological remodeling. Renal denervation is a novel treatment for hypertensive patients with promising results on blood pressure levels.

Purpose
Evaluation of impact of renal denervation treatment on indices of left ventricular remodeling in patients with resistant hypertension.

Methods
75 patients with resistant hypertension after a 3-week standardized treatment with Losartan 100 mg, Amlodipine 10 mg and Indapamid 1,5 mg were randomly assigned into three equal groups, depending on medication supplemented to previously administered: IM group - Moxonidine, IIB group - Bisoprolol and IIID group – renal artery denervation (RDN). Patients were assessed by echocardiographic exam at baseline and 6 months follow-up. Renal denervation was performed with a Symplicity Spyral catheter.

Results
Increased at the baseline in all three groups (170,96 ± 11,69 g/m2 in IM versus 156,5 ± 11,08 g/m2 in IIB and 164,94 ± 9,61 g/m2 in IIID groups) left ventricular mass index at 6 months of evaluation noted a statistically authentic reduction in all three groups, the group of patients treated with Moxonidine and RDN having a comparable and superior effect to the group treated with Bisoprolol (159,02 ± 10,34 g/m2 versus 150,5 ± 10,51 g/m2 and 149,15 ± 9,31 g/m2 in IM, IIB and IIID groups, p &gt; 0,05).
Simultaniously with the regression of left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy all three treatment regimens induced the improvement of its geometry, renal denervation group demonstrated a superior effect in ameliorating of this parameter (Tab.).

Conclusion
The data obtained confirmed the benefit of RDN treatment in patients with resistant hypertension in inducing reverse-remodeling of the LV, the beneficial effect being superior to both pharmacotherapeutic regimens.
Geometric pattern of the left ventricle Group IM Group IIB Group IIID χ2 p baseline Concentric remodeling 5 (20%) 5 (20%) 4 (16%) 0,71 &gt; 0,05 Concentric hypertrophy 13 (52%) 15 (60%) 14 (56%) Excentric hypertrophy 7 (28%) 5 (20%) 7 (28%) Normal geometry - - - 6 months Concentric remodeling 3 (12%) 7 (28%) 7 (28%) 4,61 &lt; 0,05 Concentric hypertrophy 13 (52%) 13 (52%) 10 (40%) Excentric hypertrophy 8 (32%) 5 (20%) 5 (20%) Normal geometry 1 (4%) - 3 (12%)