bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Children's Mental and Behavioral Health, Schooling, Sociodemographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics During School Closure in France Due To COVID-19: The SAPRIS Project.
Authors: Monnier Maëva , Moulin Flore , Thierry Xavier , Vandentorren Stéphanie , Côté Sylvana , Barbosa Susana , Falissard Bruno , Plancoulaine Sabine , Charles Marie-Aline , Simeon Thierry , Geay Bertrand , Marchand Laetitia , Ancel Pierre-Yves , Melchior Maria , Rouquette Alexandra , Galera Cédric 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 limitation strategies have led to widespread school closures around the world. The present study reports children’s mental health and associated factors during the COVID-19 school closure in France in the spring of 2020. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the SAPRIS project set up during the COVID-19 pandemic in France. Using multinomial logistic regression models, we estimated associations between children’s mental health, children’s health behaviors, schooling, and sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the children’s families. Results: The sample consisted of 5702 children aged 8 to 9 years, including 50.2% girls. In multivariate logistic regression models, children’s sleeping difficulties were associated with children’s abnormal hyperactivity-inattention (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) 2.05; 95% Confidence Interval 1.70-2.47) and emotional symptoms (aOR 5.34; 95% CI 4.16-6.86). Factors specifically associated with abnormal hyperactivity/inattention were: male sex (aOR 2.29; 95% CI 1.90-2.76), access to specialized care prior to the pandemic and its suspension during school closure (aOR 1.51; 95% CI 1.21-1.88), abnormal emotional symptoms (aOR 4.06; 95% CI 3.11-5.29), being unschooled or schooled with assistance before lockdown (aOR 2.13; 95% CI 1.43-3.17), and tutoring with difficulties or absence of a tutor (aOR 3.25; 95% CI 2.64-3.99; aOR 2.47; 95% CI 1.48-4.11, respectively). Factors associated with children’s emotional symptoms were the following: being born pre-term (aOR 1.34; 95% CI 1.03-1.73), COVID-19 cases among household members (aOR 1.72; 95% CI 1.08-2.73), abnormal symptoms of hyperactivity/inattention (aOR 4.18; 95% CI 3.27-5.34) and modest income (aOR 1.45; 95% CI 1.07-1.96; aOR 1.36; 95% CI 1.01-1.84). Conclusions: Multiple characteristics were associated with elevated levels of symptoms of hyperactivity-inattention and emotional symptoms in children during the period of school closure due to COVID-19. Further studies are needed to help policymakers to balance the pros and cons of closing schools, taking into consideration the educational and psychological consequences for children.
Factors Associated With Non-Adherence To Antidiabetic Medication Among Patients at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Mbarara, Uganda
Authors: Faisal Karekoona , MEKURIYA TADELE , Tusiimire Jonans 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Non–adherence is a major concern in treatment of diabetes mellitus and undermines the goals of treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the magnitude of non-adherence and its contributing factors among diabetes mellitus patients attending the Diabetes mellitus clinic at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital.
Objective

To assess the factors contributing to non-adherence to antidiabetic medication among diabetes mellitus patients in the Diabetic clinic at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital
Methods

A descriptive cross-sectional study was done at the Diabetes clinic, Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, between July and October 2020. Study participants were systemically sampled and data regarding their medication non-adherence was collected using a structured questionnaire, based on the Hill-Bone medication adherence scale. Data entry was done using Microsoft Excel Version 2010 and analysis was carried out using STATA version 13.
Results

A total of 257 participants were recruited with 100% response rate. More than one third (98, 38.1%) of the participants were non-adherent to their antidiabetic medication. Age above 60 years (AOR = 6.26, 95%CI = 1.009–39.241, P = 0.049), and duration of diabetes mellitus above 5years (AOR = 1.87, 95%CI = 1.034–3.392, P = 0.038) were independently associated with non-adherence to antidiabetic medication.
Conclusion

The prevalence of non-adherence to antidiabetic medication was higher than that revealed in previous studies in Uganda. Patients with age above 60 years were six times more likely to be non-adherent to their antidiabetic medications. Patient education is important to address the challenge of medication non-adherence.
Ocular Blood Flow Abnormalities and Their Correlation with Body Mass Index in Obese Patients
Authors: Tufek Melek , Capraz Mustafa , Kaya Ahmet Turan , Varol Kenan , Aydın Nihat , Nalcacıoglu Pınar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
PurposeTo evaluate the effects of obesity on ocular blood flow including choroidal thickness and retrobulbar blood flow values in comparison with healthy subjectsMethodsThe 102 eyes of 102 female patients were included in this prospective study.Color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) was used to evaluate the retrobulber vessels.Choroidal thickness was measured by using the optical coherence tomography (OCT). ResultsThere was a significant difference in IOP values within the groups with the highest values in group 3 and the lowest in group 1.There was also a positive correlation between BMI and IOP. The CT was found to be statistically significantly lower in group 2 and group 3 than in the control group at all measurement points. The choroidal thickness was also statistically significantly lower in group 3 than in group 2 at the subfoveal, nasal 500 µm, and the temporal 500 and 1000 µm measurement points.The mean CRA PSV and EDV values were lower in group 2 and group 3 than in group 1, while group 3 had the lowest mean CRA PSV value among the groups. When compared to group 1, the OA EDV value was lower only in group 3 while the OA PSV value was statistically significantly lower in group 3 than in both group 2 and group 1. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of RI and PI.ConclusionsObesity can create a predisposition to ocular pathologies both by increasing the IOP and decreasing the retrobulbar and choroidal blood flow.
Use of GIS in Hydrogeochemical Study and Quality Status From Pudukkottai District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Arumugam Muruganantham , Karthikeyan Sivakumar , Kulandaisamy Prabakaran , Thangaraj Kongeswaran , Senapathi Venkatramanan , Sundaram Bangaru Priyanga , Vellaikannu Agastheeswaran , Velmayil Perumal 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study focused on hydrogeochemical characterisation and groundwater quality deterioration based on drinking, irrigation purposes in Pudukottai district. Eighty-seven groundwater samples were collected from the bore and dug wells during pre and post monsoon seasons in the year 2019. The order of mean abundance of ions is followed as C l > HCO3 > Na > SO4 > Mg > Ca > K (325.5 > 182.2 > 181.4 > 83.2 > 51.1 > 35.8> 9.1 > 8.6 > o.9 > 0.3) and Cl > Na > HCO3 > SO4 > Mg > Ca > K (415.7 > 230.3 > 198.2 > 82.9 > 53.8 > 43.4 > 14.9) in both seasons. Analytical results are used in Piper, Gibbs, Na% vs. EC, USSL, and PI to evaluate the hydrogeochemical processes. Rock water interaction and evaporation processes causing variations in hydrogeochemistry of the study area during pre and postmonsoon. Nearly 15 % of the groundwater samples were not permissible for drinking based on the standard, which is distributed in south eastern region of the study area. It is revealed from Na%, SAR, RSC, MgC and KR results that majority of the groundwater samples are fit for irrigation uses. The higher concentration of EC, TDS, Cl and Na values noted in south region due to the sea water intrusion that attributed by excess pumping in the coastal regions. The drinking water quality index (DWQI) and irrigation water quality index (IRWQI) are calculated to identify the suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes. However, this research concludes that the groundwater quality of maximum part in the district is appropriate for drinking as well as agriculture which can be used for the sustainable growth. It is also recommended implementing the artificial recharge techniques to improve the groundwater quality.
Evaluation of A 55-Gene Classifier As A Prognostic Biomarker for Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Stage III Colon Cancer Patients
Authors: Oki Eiji , Shinto Eiji , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Yamaguchi Shigeki , Ishiguro Megumi , Hasegawa Seiji , Takii Yasumasa , Ishida Hideyuki , Kusumoto Tetsuya , Morita Masaru , Tomita Naohiro , Shiozawa Manabu , Tanaka Masafumi , Ozawa Heita , Hashiguchi Yojiro , Ohnuma Shinobu , Tada Sachiyo , Matsushima Tomoko , Hase Kazuo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Adjuvant chemotherapy reduces the recurrence risk in stage III colon cancer (CC). However, better prognostic and predictive biomarkers are required to stratify patients for treatment. We constructed a 55-gene classifier (55GC) and investigated its utility for classifying patients with stage III CC.
Methods
We retrospectively identified patients with stage III CC aged 20–79 years who received adjuvant chemotherapy with or without oxaliplatin during 2009–2012.
Results
Among 938 eligible patients, 203 and 201 patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy with and without oxaliplatin, respectively, were selected by propensity-score matching. Of these, 95 patients from each group were analyzed and their 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rates with and without oxaliplatin were 73.7% and 77.1%, respectively. The hazard ratios for 5-year RFS for adjuvant chemotherapy (fluoropyrimidine), with or without oxaliplatin, were 1.241 (95% CI, 0.465–3.308; P = 0.67) and 0.791 (95% CI, 0.329–1.901; P = 0.60), respectively. Stratification using the 55GC revealed that 52 (27.3%), 78 (41.1%), and 60 (31.6%) patients had microsatellite instability (MSI)-like, chromosomal instability (CIN)-like, and stromal subtypes, respectively. The 5-year RFS rates were 84.3% and 72.0% in patients treated with and without oxaliplatin, respectively, for the MSI-like subtype (HR, 0.495; 95% CI, 0.145–1.692; P = 0.25). No RFS rate differences were noted in CIN-like or stromal subtypes. Stratification by cancer sidedness for each subtype showed improved RFS only in left-sided primary cancer treated with oxaliplatin for the MSI-like subtype (P = 0.007). The 5-year RFS rates for the MSI-like subtype in left-sided cancer were 100% and 53.9% with and without oxaliplatin, respectively.
Conclusions
Subclassification using 55GC and tumor sidedness revealed increased RFS of patients within the MSI-like subtype with stage III left-sided CC treated with fluoropyrimidine with oxaliplatin relative to those treated without oxaliplatin. However, the predictive power of 55GC subtyping alone did not reach statistical significance in this cohort, warranting larger prospective studies.
Trial registration:
The study protocol was registered in the University Hospital Medical Education Network (UMIN) clinical trial registry (UMIN study ID 000023879).
Role Playing Is a Useful Method for Teaching Physical Examinations
Authors: Mamaghani Ebrahim Aliafsari , ahmadzadeh sharareh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction: The role playing, if well organized and planned, can be a good way to teach practical lessons and acquire communication skills for nursing students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of role playing education in the course of assessing the health status of nursing students.Methods: This study was conducted as a scholarship research in the period of 4 semesters from 2018-2021. It is noteworthy that about 25 nursing students were studying in each semester. In this way, the instructor performed the process of taking the patient's history or examination on a student playing as the patient. The students then repeated the same test on each other in pairs. Satisfaction and confidence forms were filled out by students after the course. Retesting and obtaining feedback from instructors and clinical nurses were used to assess the durability of the materials and their application.Findings: Students’ satisfaction with this teaching method was higher than satisfaction level in students not experiencing this method who had passed this course in the usual way, and an increase was observed as 2.8 ± 0.7 in the students' average scores. Students' confidence and ability to perform physical examinations at the clinic improved based on feedback received from ward nurses and instructors in later semesters. In addition, comprehension of adult and senior courses in later semesters was easier for students trained in this way.Discussion: Studies show the effect of role playing teaching method in improving learning motivation and problem solving skills and communication skills in students. The consistency between the results of the present study with the results of other studies leads us to recommend the use of this educational method in other medical sciences courses, which require practical skills and self-confidence of students in bed. Medical education officials and practitioners can take valuable steps in this direction by recommending and emphasizing the use of this method in improving the teaching and learning of such courses.
Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutions and Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Zhengzhou City, China: A Approximate Five-Year Surveillance Study
Authors: Lin Shan-shan , He Hui hui , Jia Rui , Du Juan , Ma Ning yi , Qian Meng dan , Wang Yan , Huang Hui min , Kong De qi , Li Ya 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Studies indicated that air pollutions were associated with respiratory disease have with a lag exposure–response relationship, but not linear. However, few evidences in Zhengzhou, one of the most polluted cities for China.Method: Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) outpatient visits in the hospital, meteorological parameters and air pollutions data were obtained from October 28, 2013 to May 1, 2018 and were used for evaluating the risk effects of the air pollutants with a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM), including the stratified analysis of gender and age.Result: 475013 cases were included, with obvious seasonal fluctuations,higher in cool/cold and lower in warm. Every increase of 10μg/m3 of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2 and CO showed similar impacts on URTI outpatient visits in different genders and age sub-groups,within 0 to15 days of lag. PM10, SO2 and NO2 had the strongest immediately risk at lag 0 [RRPM10: 1.0011, 95%CI (1.0002-1.0020); RRSO2: 1.0084, 95%CI (1.0039-1.0130); RRNO2: 1.0149, 95%CI: (1.0111-1.0188), respectively], while PM2.5 and CO got highest risk at lag 15 days [RRPM2.5: 1.0014, 95%CI (1.0003-1.0025); RRCO: 1.0002, 95%CI: (1.0001-1.0003), respectively]. In addition, calculating overall accumulated effects of each 10μg/m3 increase in PM10, SO2, NO2, and CO was greater in females than in males, as well as greater in the adolescents (aged 0-18 years) and elderly (aged ≥ 60 years) than in adults (aged 19-59 years), except CO was greater in the adolescents and adults than in the elderly. No significant cumulative effects were found in PM2.5. O3 levelwasno significant correlation withURTI outpatient visits throughout the lag period.Conclusions: Our results indicated that PM10, SO2, NO2 and CO had strong immediate and lag cumulative effects in the females, adolescents, and elderly. PM2.5 has lag effects but has no significant lag cumulative impact effects on gender and age.
Role of Plasmatic and Urinary Concentration of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in a Cohort of Patients Affected by Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Boglione Lucio , De Benedetto Ilaria , Dodaro Valentina , Chiecchio Marta , De Nicolò Amedeo , Perri Giovanni Di , D’Avolio Antonio 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was the evaluation of plasmatic and urinary therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in a cohort of patients affected by chronic hepatitis B (CHB). In 68 enrolled patients eGFR was 68 ml/min in naive, while in adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) pretreated patients was 55.5 ml/min (p<0.001). The HBV E genotype was related to lower TDF level (β= -0.698, p<0.001). Urinary TDF concentration was related to ADV pretreatment (β=0.829, p<0.001). TDF urinary concentrations maybe useful in clinical management of CHB patients with older age and previous treatment with ADV.
Seismic and Structural Health Monitoring Systems For Large Dams: Theoretical, Computational and Practical Innovations
Authors: Oliveira Sérgio , Alegre André , Carvalho Ezequiel , Mendes Paulo , Proença Jorge 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Over the past decade, monitoring systems for Seismic and Structural Health Monitoring (SSHM) have been assuming a greater role in the safety control of large concrete dams. In this article, the dynamic behavior of two large arch dams equipped with SSHM systems is analyzed, in order to present some of the main theoretical, computational and practical innovations developed recently for the improvement of large dams’ continuous dynamic monitoring using SSHM systems. The case studies are two large arch dams that have been under continuous dynamic monitoring over the last ten years: Cabril dam (132 m high), the highest dam in Portugal, and Cahora Bassa dam (170 m high), located in Mozambique, one of the highest dams in Africa. The Seismic and Structural Health Monitoring (SSHM) systems installed in both dams have similar schemes and were designed to continuously record acceleration time series in several locations at the upper part of the dam body and near the dam-foundation interface, using uniaxial and triaxial accelerometers. Specific software was developed for monitoring data analysis, including automatic modal identification, to obtain natural frequencies and mode shapes, for automatic detection of vibrations induced by seismic events, to be distinguished by those caused by other operational sources, and for comparison between results retrieved from measured vibrations and numerical results obtained from computational 3DFE models. The numerical analyses are carried out using a 3DFE program for linear and non-linear dynamic analysis of concrete dams, based on a solid-fluid coupled formulation to simulate the dam-reservoir-foundation system, considering the dam-water dynamic interaction and the propagation of pressure waves throughout the reservoir. The most significant experimental results from continuous dynamic monitoring are presented for Cabril dam and Cahora Bassa dam and compared with numerical results, with emphasis on the evolution of natural frequencies over time, on vibration mode shapes for various water levels, and, finally, on the measured accelerations during seismic events. Furthermore, the main results of non-linear seismic response simulations, considering joint movements and concrete damage, are also presented for both dams in order to assess their seismic performance, using an intensifying seismic accelerogram prepared for Endurance Time Analysis.
Look Over the Horizon - Chicken Linkage Disequilibrium is Much More Complex Over Much Longer Distance than Previously Appreciated
Authors: Lipkin Ehud , Fulton Janet E. , Smith Jacqueline , Burt David W. , Soller Morris 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAppreciable Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) is commonly found between pairs of loci close to one another, decreasing rapidly with distance between the loci. This provides the basis studies to map Quantitative Trait Loci Regions (QTLRs), where it is custom to assume that the closest sites to a significant markers are the prime candidate to be the causative mutation. Nevertheless, Long-Range LD (LRLD) can also be found among well-separated sites. LD blocks are runs of genomic sites all having appreciable LD with one another. High LD and LRLD are often separated by genomic sites with which they have practically no LD. Thus, not only can LD be found among distant loci, but also its pattern may be complex, comprised of fragmented blocks. Here, chicken LRLD and LD blocks, and their relationship with previously described Marek’s Disease (MD) QTLRs, were studied in an F6 population from a full-sib advanced intercross line, and in eight commercial pure layer lines. Genome wide LRLD was studied in the F6 population by random samples of non-syntenic and syntenic marker pairs. To illustrate the relationship with QTLRs, LRLD and LD blocks in and between the MD QTLRs were studied by all possible marker pairs.Results LRLD was defined as r2 ≥ 0.7 over a distance ≥ 1 Mb, and 1.5% of all syntenic marker pairs were classified as LRLD. Complex fragmented and interdigitated LD blocks were found, ranging over distances from a few hundred to a few millions bases. Vast high, long-range, and complex LD was found between two of the MD QTLRs. Cross QTLRs STRING networks and gene interactions suggested possible origins of the exceptional LD between these two QTLRs.ConclusionsAll sites with high LD with a significant marker should be considered as candidate for the causative mutation, but, unlike the custom assumption, the causative mutation is not necessarily the one closest to the significant marker. Rather, the present results show that it can be located at a much larger distance from a significant marker than previously appreciated, beyond closer mutations. Thus, LRLD range and LD block complexity must be accounted for while interpreting genetic mapping studies.
Evaluation of Paramedic Views of Their Role in Ambulance Based Clinical Trials: An Interview Study
Authors: Armstrong Stephanie , Phung Viet-Hai , Siriwardena Aloysius Niroshan , Langlois Adèle 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Prehospital ambulance-based research is a relatively new and growing field, with paramedics increasingly being asked to take on a new research role. We sought to understand paramedic perceptions of this role with particular emphasis on the ethical challenge of gaining consent and enrolling patients onto clinical trials in this setting. Methods: We undertook semi-structured interviews with paramedics who were actively involved in recruiting and consenting patients to UK trials. Participants were questioned on their views about the ethical considerations in clinical trials including different consent processes and perceived barriers to research. Participants were chosen because they had enrolled at least one patient to a clinical trial within the 12 months prior to the interview taking place. Results: Fifteen paramedics from East Midlands NHS Ambulance Trust UK (EMAS) were interviewed. Analysis highlighted seven themes: barriers and facilitators to participation; benefits of research; consent methods; future trials; managing patient participants; problems with consent; and reasons why paramedics participate (or not). Paramedics were generally comfortable with gaining consent for research and most did not see this as an additional burden. However, excessive paperwork and the prolonged handover times needed for paramedics to participate in research were seen to be problematic. All paramedics interviewed felt that research was important for advancing their practice and ensuring better outcomes for patients as a result of evidence-based practice. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the need for future trials to consider how to minimize impact on the operational practice of paramedics through the use of existing processes that reduce additional paperwork and time pressures on paramedics.