bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perencanaan Sistem Rotasi Untuk Pembagian Air Pada Daerah Irigasi Susoh Kecamatan Blangpidie Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya
Authors: Yulia Yulia , Maria Reni 
Published: July 2021

Daerah Irigasi Susoh merupakan salah satu daerah irigasi teknis yang terletak di Kecamatan Blangpidie Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya. Pada Daerah Irigasi ini belum terdapat pembagian air secara rotasi sehingga diperlukan pembagian air secara rotasi/giliran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pembagian air sistem rotasi yang terjadi sepanjang tahun di daerah irigasi dan mengetahui alternatif pola tanam untuk mendapatkan Musim Tanam (MT) berapa yang terjadi kekurangan air pada daerah irigasi Susoh sehingga pembagian air dapat teratasi dimana sebelumnya belum terdapat sistem rotasi pada lokasi ini. Tahapan penelitian adalah pembagian golongan luas layanan saluran sekunder berdasarkan skema jaringan irigasi Susoh. Perhitungan pembagian air dengan sistem rotasi/giliran berdasarkan data debit andalan dengan koefisien tanaman padi yang direncanakan adalah nadeco/prosida. Luas Daerah Irigasi Susoh adalah 2549 Ha dengan 51 petak tersier dan 9 saluran sekunder. Perencanaan sistem rotasi dimulai dengan penjadwalan musim tanam dilanjutkan dengan distribusi air pada MT III secara rotasi, sehingga didapatkan 3 golongan saluran sekunder yang akan dilkakukan pembagian air secara rotasi untuk setiap tahunnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam satu tahun Musim Tanam hanya 2 kali Musim Tanam yang dapat dialirkan air secara penuh berdasarkan debit andalan yaitu November 4,81 m3/dtk, Desember debit andalan dengan 4,65 m3/dtk dan Januari dengan debit andalan 4,72 m3/dtk Musim Tanam I (MTI), Pada awal Maret debit andalan dengan 4,76 m3/dtk, April debit andalan dengan 4,57 dan bulan Mei debit andalan dengan 3,58 m3/dtk Musim Tanam II (MT II), Untuk awal Juli debit andalan dengan 3,00 m3/dtk, Agustus debit andalan dengan 3,30 m3/dtk dan September 3,20 m3/dtk. Musim Tanam III (MT III) debit aliran tidak mencukupi untuk kebutuhan air, sehingga kekurangan maksimal yang terjadi adalah -0,24 m3/dtk, sehingga direncanakan sistem rotasi pada Musim Tanam III (MT III).
THE CONTENT OF INTERCULTURAL FOREIGN LANGUAGE EDUCATION AT THE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Бердичевский А.Л. 
Published: July 2021

В статье освещаются вопросы содержания межкультурного образования на современном этапе развития методики преподавания иностранных языков и рассматриваются его компоненты.
The article highlights the issues of the content of intercultural education at the present stage of development of methods of teaching foreign languages and examines its components.
THE SYSTEM OF COMMUNICATION-ORIENTED TEACHING OF RUSSIAN GRAMMAR TO FOREIGN STUDENTS: EXPERIENCE OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Теремова Р.М. , Штернина Е.С. 
Published: July 2021

В статье обобщается опыт работы в русле коммуникативно ориентированного обучения грамматике русского языка. Рассматриваются и кратко характеризуются ведущие методические принципы обучения грамматической стороне русской речи. По мнению авторов, использование в иностранной аудитории учебных материалов по грамматике, разработанных с опорой на функционально-семантический подход, с учетом принципов интерактивности, наглядности и культуроведческой направленности, с широким представлением коммуникативных упражнений, является наиболее эффективным и плодотворным при обучении инофонов грамматике русского языка.
The article summarizes the experience of working within the frames of communication-oriented teaching of Russian grammar. The authors briefly characterize the leading methodological principles of teaching Russian grammar. According to the authors, the use of training materials developed on the basis of semantic-functional approach with principles of interaction, of visual demonstration, and cultural aspect taken into account, and with broad presentation of communicative activities is the most effective and fruitful in the process of teaching Russian grammar to foreign students.
DEFINITION OF THE TERMS INTRODUCTION TO HISTORY AND CULTURE OF A COUNTRY, COEXISTENCE OF CULTURE AND LANGUAGE, INTRODUCTION TO CULTURE OF A COUNTRY
Authors: Вишняков С.А. , Махаева Р.С. 
Published: July 2021

В статье разграничиваются понятия «лингвострановедение», «лингвокультуроведение», «культуроведение». Дается формулировка понятий «лингвокультуроведение», «культуроведение». Делается вывод о том, что эти два понятия берут свое начало от лингвострановедческой теории преподавания и изучения РКИ.
This scientific article gives a distinction of the concepts which are connected with co-study of language and culture. The article gives definition of these concepts.
RUSSIAN LANGUAGE TESTS: B1. OPEN EXAM MATERIALS OF ST. PETERSBURG STATE UNIVERSITY / TRFL – 100%. SPb.: ZLATOUST, 2020 (AUTHORS: I.V. LEVENTHAL, N.A. DUBININA, I.YU. ILYICHEVA, L.V. LEIFLAND-BERNTSSON, A.S. KONANOV, E.N. GORDEEV, I.N. EROFEEVA, D.V. PTYUSHKIN)
Authors: Андрюшина Н.П. 
Published: July 2021

Рецензируемое пособие представляет собой публикацию ранее закрытых вариантов контрольных тестов. Публикация такого рода осуществляется впервые. Приведенные в описании данных тестов показатели соответствуют параметрам Типового теста. Пособие может использоваться как при самостоятельной работе, так и на аудиторных занятиях под руководством преподавателей. Актуальность и полезность пособия не вызывает сомнений. Она подтверждена отзывами преподавателей и учащихся из разных стран мира.
The reviewed manual is a publication of previously closed versions of control tests. This is the first publication of this kind. The indicators given in the description of these tests correspond to the parameters of a Typical Test. The manual can be used both for independent work, and in classroom classes under the guidance of teachers. The relevance and usefulness of the manual is beyond doubt. It is confirmed by the reviews of teachers and students from around the world.
AVALIAÇÃO DE FUNGICIDAS NO CONTROLE DE MANCHA ALVO E NO RENDIMENTO DA CULTURA DA SOJA PARA A REGIÃO DE RIO VERDE
Authors: Mendonça Rogério Castro , Pereira da Silva Luís Henrique Carregal , Lopes Filho Luiz Cesar 
Published: July 2021

A cultura da soja (Glycine max) tem diversificado cada vez mais em relação ao padrão de planta (porte físico). Sendo assim devemos prevenir nas medidas de controle das doenças ocorrentes. Esse trabalho tem ênfase na doença Mancha Alvo, causada pelo fungo Corynespora casiicola, que pode causar perdas significativas na cultura. Utilizou-se a cultivar CD 2728, a qual é suscetível a esse patógeno, com 6 tratamentos: T1 – Testemunha, T2 - Bixafen + Protioconazol + Trifloxistrobina, T3 - Fluxapiroxade + Protioconazol, T4 - Azoxistrobina + Tebuconazol + Mancozebe, T5 - Azoxistrobina + Protioconazol + Mancozebe e T6 – Protioconazol + Fluindapyr. O controle químico de doenças de plantas é na maioria das situações a medida mais eficiente e viável economicamente para garantir uma alta produtividade, não esquecendo que às condições climáticas para realização do trabalho deve ser favorável para a doença. Desta forma o presente trabalho utilizou os mesmos fungicidas para cada tratamento em todas as aplicações, com objetivo de avaliar a eficácia deles no controle de Mancha Alvo. Outro fator importante que devemos salientar é a necessidade de rotação dos grupos químicos, ingredientes ativos, além da utilização de multissítios dentro dos programas de aplicações.

Palavras-Chave: Fungicidas; Glycine max; Corynespora casiicola.
Thermophysical Modeling of 20 Themis Family Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE Observations
Authors: Jiang Haoxuan , Ji Jianghui 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Themis family is one of the largest and oldest asteroid populations in the main belt. Water ice may widely exist on the parent body (24) Themis. In this work, we employ the Advanced Thermophysical Model as well as midinfrared measurements from NASA’s Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer to explore thermal parameters of 20 Themis family members. Here we show that the average thermal inertia and geometric albedo are 39.5 ± 26.0 J m−2 s−1/2 K−1 and 0.067 ± 0.018, respectively. The family members have a relatively moderate roughness fraction on their surfaces. We find that the relatively low albedos of Themis members are consistent with the typical values of B-type and C-type asteroids. As mentioned, the Themis family bears a very low thermal inertia, which indicates a fine and mature regolith on their surfaces. The resemblance of thermal inertia and geometric albedo of Themis members may reveal their close connection in origin and evolution. In addition, we present the compared results of thermal parameters for several prominent families.
Transport of Protostellar Cosmic Rays in Turbulent Dense Cores
Authors: Fitz Axen Margot , Offner Stella S. S. , Gaches Brandt A. L. , Fryer Chris L. , Hungerford Aimee , Silsbee Kedron 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that low-energy cosmic rays (CRs) may be accelerated inside molecular clouds by the shocks associated with star formation. We use a Monte Carlo transport code to model the propagation of CRs accelerated by protostellar accretion shocks through protostellar cores. We calculate the CR attenuation and energy losses and compute the resulting flux and ionization rate as a function of both radial distance from the protostar and angular position. We show that protostellar cores have nonuniform CR fluxes that produce a broad range of CR ionization rates, with the maximum value being up to two orders of magnitude higher than the radial average at a given distance. In particular, the CR flux is focused in the direction of the outflow cavity, creating a “flashlight” effect and allowing CRs to leak out of the core. The radially averaged ionization rates are less than the measured value for the Milky Way of ζ ≈ 10−16 s−1; however, within r ≈ 0.03 pc from the protostar, the maximum ionization rates exceed this value. We show that variation in the protostellar parameters, particularly in the accretion rate, may produce ionization rates that are a couple of orders of magnitude higher or lower than our fiducial values. Finally, we use a statistical method to model unresolved subgrid magnetic turbulence in the core. We show that turbulence modifies the CR spectrum and increases the uniformity of the CR distribution but does not significantly affect the resulting ionization rates.
Direct Evidence for Magnetic Reflection of Heavy Ions from High Mach Number Collisionless Shocks
Authors: Madanian Hadi , Schwartz Steven J. , Fuselier Stephen A. , Burgess David , Turner Drew L. , Chen Li-Jen , Desai Mihir I. , Starkey Michael J. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Strong shocks in collisionless plasmas, such as supernovae shocks and shocks driven by coronal mass ejections, are known to be a primary source of energetic particles. Due to their different mass per charge ratio, the interaction of heavy ions with the shock layer differs from that of protons, and injection of these ions into acceleration processes is a challenge. Here we show the first direct observational evidence of magnetic reflection of alpha particles from a high Mach number quasi-perpendicular shock using in situ spacecraft measurements. The intense magnetic amplification at the shock front associated with nonstationarity modulates the trajectory of alpha particles, some of which travel back upstream as they gyrate in the enhanced magnetic field and experience further acceleration in the upstream region. Our results in particular highlight the important role of high magnetic amplification in seeding heavy ions into the energization processes at nonstationary reforming shocks.
TESS as a Low-surface-brightness Observatory: Cutouts from Wide-area Coadded Images
Authors: Berriman G. Bruce , Good John C. , Holwerda Benne W. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We present a mosaic of those co-added Full Frame Images acquired by the TESS satellite that had been released in 2020 April. The mosaic shows substantial stray light over the sky. Yet over spatial scales of a few degrees, the background appears uniform. This result indicates that TESS has considerable potential as a Low Surface Brightness Observatory. The co-added images are freely available as a High Level Science Product (HLSP) at MAST and accessible through a Jupyter Notebook.
L’évaluation d’impact sur la santé pour scruter et sculpter les politiques
Authors: Jabot Françoise 
Published: July 2021

L’évaluation d’impact sur la santé (EIS) est une approche prospective qui consiste à identifier les conséquences potentielles, tant négatives que positives, d’une intervention sur la santé des populations dans le but de l’améliorer. Identifiée comme pratique propre en 1999, elle a gagné rapidement en popularité et a été progressivement déployée sur tous les continents avec des déclinaisons diverses en termes de stratégies d’implantation, de domaines d’application, d’échelles de mise en œuvre, de modes de gouvernance, d’institutions et d’acteurs impliqués. Elle est actuellement en plein essor en France et au Québec où elle suscite de réelles attentes au regard des enjeux d’inégalités face à la santé, de démocratie et d’articulation des politiques sectorielles. Cet article, étayé sur nos travaux de recherche, brosse un rapide portrait de l’EIS en France et introduit un questionnement sur les atouts, les limites et la plus-value de la démarche. Le présent dossier apporte un éclairage sur la pratique à travers des applications dans différents domaines et contextes, met en relief les enjeux méthodologiques, politiques et sociaux ainsi que les défis à relever pour renforcer le potentiel de l’EIS à améliorer la décision et développer des politiques et projets favorables à la santé.
A study to assess the knowledge and awareness among young doctors about emergency contraception
Authors: Panda Subrat , Das Rituparna , Das Ananya , Sharma Nalini , Sharma Anusuya 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Emergency contraception (EC) is the contraception on demand which can prevent millions of unintended pregnancies. The knowledge and awareness of young doctors towards EC who may be the first contact physician of the society has not been well studied. This study aims to assess the knowledge and awareness of young doctors in a teaching institute in northeast India.

Methodology:
This study was carried out among 200 young doctors and included 100 interns and 100 postgraduate trainees (PGT) and senior resident doctors (SRD) from January 2020 to March 2020 to compare their knowledge and awareness about EC. A predesigned self-administered 22 items questionnaire was used to collect data.

Observation:
In our study, majority of the doctors in both groups were aware of levonorgestrel 1.5 mg tablet as EC (93% and 95%) and more interns than PG SRD were aware of its easy availability (86%, 35%, P value < 0.0001), government supply (77%, 30%, P value < 0.0001), and that copper intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) can be used as EC up to 120 h (89%, 60%, P value < 0.0001). Most doctors were unaware of ulipristal acetate. Most PGT SRDs believe that EC promotes irresponsible behavior, sexually transmitted diseases, and promiscuity but most intern did not agree to it (P value < 0.0001 for each). More than 65% doctors in both groups were aware of the mechanism of action of EC. PGT SRD were more aware of the effectiveness of EC (62%, 80%, P value 0.0078). More interns were aware that EC affects the next period (53%, 25%, P value < 0.0001).

Conclusion:
Interns were more aware about contraception than PGT and SRD, especially about government supply of EC, about IUCD, and behavioral aspect like promoting irresponsible behavior, sexually transmitted disease, and promiscuity.
Association of human papilloma Virus infection other than cervical cancer: Systematic Review and Meta Analysis
Authors: Molla Habtamu , Temesgen Habtamu , Beyene Dereje 
Published: July 2021

Human Papilloma Virus (hpv) infection causes different cancer diseases. Cervical cancer is the most common hpv related disease. hpv infection also causes cancer of anus, vulva, vagina, penis, skin, bladder, prostate, breast, oral and others because the hpv virus is epithelium-tropic. But the association of hpv infection other than cervical cancer, for example breast cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer etc is still inconclusive. Thus, the objective of this review was to collect published information on hpv infection other than cervix to explore the pooled prevalence of hpv infection as well as related types of cancers. Publish research articles of hpv infection and cancer risks other than cervical cancer were systematically searched through Internet. The preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis guidelines were followed. Joanna Brigg’s Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (jbi-mastari) adapted for cross sectional/case control study design was used for quality assessment of each individual study. A total of 22 studies were extracted and analyzed using stata 14. The random effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence; whereas subgroup analysis and meta-regression was performed to identify the probable source of heterogeneity. Both Egger’s and Begg’s tests were used to check publication bias. The totals of 486 studies were retrieved and 22 studies were included in this meta- analysis. The meta-analysis result showed that the pooled prevalence of hpv infection other than cervix was 34.36% (95% CI: 23.75, 44.97) with severe heterogeneity (I2 = 99.5%; p<0.001) with no publication bias. The highest pooled prevalence of hpv infection other than cervix was related to genital cancer which is 58.63% (95% CI: 51.86, 65.39), followed by oral cancer (47.15% with 95% CI: 19.67, 74.63). Although cervical cancer is primarily hpv induced cancer which well articulated with so many researches, other cancer types (based on the location of the hpv infection) are also increasing across the world based on this systematic and meta-analysis study. hpv infection increases the risk of developing cancers other than cervical cancer.
Hydrogeophysical investigation for the aquifers in part of Ilorin, Central Nigeria: Implication on groundwater prospect
Authors: Olawuyi Ayodele Kehinde 
Published: July 2021

Hydrogeophysical study involving the use of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) was carried out in part of the basement complex rocks of Ilorin, central Nigeria, with the aim of determining its geoelectric parameters and groundwater potential. A total of thirty (30) VES were carried out using Schlumberger electrode configuration, with half electrode separation (AB/2) varying from 1m to 100m. Information on the subsurface lithologies, overburden thickness and aquiferous layers were obtained from the different VES locations in the study area. From the quantitative interpretations of the data collected, using the method of curve matching with the Orellana-Mooney master curves and 1-D forward modeling with WinResist 1.0 version software, three to five lithologic units were identified in the study. These include: the topsoil, sandy/lateritic clay/laterite, the weathered basement, the fractured basement and the fresh bedrock which are predominantly of the ‘KH’ curve type (30%), followed by ‘H’ type (26.7%), other type curves include ‘QH’ (16.7%), ‘HKH’, ‘HA’ and ‘A’ (6.7% each) and KQ and KQH (3.3% each). The weathered layer and the fractured basement constitute the main aquifer units. The aquifers are of generally low resistivity values (mostly below 100 Ω-m). The depths to dry bedrock at the chosen VES locations vary from 2.7 to 62.7 m with a mean value of 13.02 m in the study area. The geoelectrical interpretations of data obtained in these areas have permitted the delineation of the study area into low and moderate groundwater potential zones. This study is expected to assist in future planning for groundwater resources.
Keywords: Hydrogeophysical, Basement Complex, Groundwater, Electrical Soundings, Weathered, Fractured
Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of graphite-bearing rocks at Chenjere Area, south-eastern Tanzania: Implications for the nature and quality of graphite mineralization
Authors: Moye Charles D , Msabi Michael M 
Published: July 2021

This study focused on the mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of graphite-bearing rocks at Chenjere area by conducting surface geological mapping, geochemical and petrographical analyses with the intention of characterizing the nature of graphite occurrence in these lithological units. This paper presents results of the flake size, grade and mineralization extension of graphite in the graphitic gneiss. Field observations, petrographic investigation and comparison with other studies indicate that graphite occurrence at the Chenjere area is of sedimentary origin which fall under syngenetic type. The petrographic study revealed that nature of metamorphism of rocks in the Chenjere area is of high grade (amphibolite facies). Both field observations and petrographic studies indicate that minerals in the rock associated with graphite include quartz, feldspar (mostly K-feldspar) and biotite. Further, the mineralized zones are concordant to the rest of the lithologies of the area and biotite gneiss is forming the hangingwall and footwall. The rocks’ foliation is generally NE striking and dipping SE with the dip amount ranging from 30 to 60 degrees. The graphite mineralization at the study area occurs as medium to coarse grained crystalline, flake type graphite with long axis of up to 1000 micrometres in size. Graphite flakes are disseminated and oriented in the host rock that represents a normal metamorphic fabric. Geochemical results indicate that graphite contents in the host graphitic gneiss range from 3.03 wt.% to 16.00 wt.%. Mineralogy and texture of the graphite at Chenjere area meet the standards required for industrial applications in various advanced technologies.
Keywords: Graphite Mineralization, Flake Graphite, Chenjere Area
Pathological scanning of ochratoxigenic moulds impaired feed in vivo, towards conceptualizing their reverberations on different organs
Authors: Thomas Benjamin T , Popoola Omolara D , Efuntoye Moses O , Coker Mercy O , Tajudeen Ahmed O 
Published: July 2021

The role of ochratoxigenic moulds in causing several invasive diseases has been documented but little is known about the effects of these ochratoxigenic moulds contaminated feeds in a laboratory control experiment. This study therefore, examined the pathological effects of ochratoxigenic moulds contaminated feed in order to understand their reverberations on different organs. Thirty two albino rats were randomly assigned to four experimental treatments (T) with eight rats per treatment (T1, T2, T3 and T4). T1 and T2 were female and male control rats, respectively that were fed normal feed, while T3 and T4 were male and female experimental rats that were fed with ochratoxigenic moulds contaminated feed for a period of two weeks. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphate (ALP), acid phosphate (ACP), total protein, albumin and histopathological analysis of different organs, namely liver, heart, kidney, stomach, small intestine, lungs, brains and spleens were carried out following standard protocols. Results obtained depicted varying levels of serum concentrations of total protein, albumins, AST, ACP, ALT and ALP between treatments and control groups (p < 0.05). Photomicrograph examinations of the different organs examined reveal degenerative changes in the ultra-structural integrity of all the organs as compared to the control groups except for the spleen where there was no difference between the control and the treatment group.
Keywords: Pathology, scanning, ochratoxigenic moulds, reverberations.