bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design to First Deployment: Pressure-Activated Sliding Sleeve for Single-Trip Completion
Authors: Dikshit Ashutosh , Kumar Amrendra , Woiceshyn Glenn 
Published: January 2021

Summary
Interest is high in a method to reliably run single-trip completions without involving complex/expensive technologies (Robertson et al. 2019). The reward for such a design would be reduced rig time, safety risks, and completion costs. As described herein, a unique pressure-activated sliding side door (PSSD) valve was developed and field tested to open without intervention after completion is circulated to total depth (TD) and a liner hanger and openhole isolation packers are set. A field-proven sliding-sleeve door (SSD) valve that required shifting via a shifting tool run on coiled tubing, slickline (SL), or wireline was upgraded to open automatically after relieving tubing pressure once packers (and/or a liner hanger) are set. This PSSD technology, which is integrable to almost any type of sand control screen, is equipped with a backup contingency should the primary mechanism fail to open. Once opened, the installed PSSDs can be shifted mechanically with unlimited frequency. The two- or three-position valve can be integrated with inflow control devices (ICDs) (includes autonomous ICDs/autonomous inflow control valves) and allows mechanical shifting at any time after installation to close, stimulate or adjust ICD settings.
After a computer-aided design stage to achieve all the operational/mechanical requirements, prototypes were built and tested, followed by field installations. The design stage provided some challenges even though the pressure-activation feature was being added to a mature/proven SSD technology. Prototype testing in a full-scale vertical test well proved valuable because it revealed failure modes that could not have appeared in the smaller-scale laboratory test facilities. Lessons learned from the first field trial helped improve onsite handling procedures. The production logging tool run on first installation confirmed the PSSDs with ICDs opened as designed. The second field installation involved a different size and configuration, in which PSSDs with ICDs performed as designed. The unique two- or three-position PSSD accommodates any type of sand control or debris screen and any type of ICD for production/injection. The PSSD allows the flexibility to change ICD size easily at the wellsite. Therefore, this technology can be used in carbonate as well as sandstone wells. Wells that normally could not justify the expense of existing single-trip completion technologies can now benefit from the cost savings of single-trip completions, including ones that require ICD and stimulation options.
Hyaluronic Acid Modified Covalent Organic Polymers for Efficient Targeted and Oxygen-Evolved Phototherapy
Authors: Shu Fangpeng , Yang Taowei , Zhang Xuefeng , Chen Wenbin , Wu Kaihui , Luo Junqi , Zhou Xumin , Liu Guochang , Lu Jianming , Mao Xiangming 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The integration of multiple functions with organic polymers-based nanoagent holds great potential to potentiate its therapeutic efficacy, but still remains challenges. In the present study, we design and prepare an organic nanoagent with oxygen-evolved and targeted ability for improved phototherapeutic efficacy. The iron ions doped poly diaminopyridine (FeD) is prepared by oxidize polymerization and modified with hyaluronic acid (HA). The obtained FeDH appears uniform morphology and size. Its excellent colloidal stability and biocompatibility are demonstrated. Specifically, the FeDH exhibits catalase-like activity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. After loading of photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG), the ICG@FeDH not only demonstrates favorable photothermal effect, but also shows improved generation ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under near-infrared laser irradiation. Moreover, the targeted uptake of ICG@FeDH in tumor cells is directly observed. As consequence, the superior phototherapeutic efficacy of the targeted ICG@FeDH over non-targeted counterparts is also confirmed in vitro and in vivo. Hence, the results demonstrate that the developed nanoagent rationally integrates the targeted ability, oxygen-evolved capacity and combined therapy in one system, offering a new paradigm of polymer-based nanomedicine for tumor therapy.
Throughfall and stemflow nutrient flux in deodar and oak forests, Garhwal Himalaya, India
Authors: Jana Purna , Dasgupta Sabyasachi , Todaria Nagendra P. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A study to understand the throughfall and stemflow chemistry under deodar and oak forests of Garhwal Himalaya was conducted during 2014–2015. Total rainfall during experimental period was 1473.8 mm and estimated interception loss was 34.018% for deodar forest, 24.85% for oak forest. Stemflow represented the minimum proportion of gross rainfall, i.e. 0.321% in deodar forest and 0.463% in oak forest. pH of throughfall and stemflow in both deodar (6.087 and 6.47 respectively) and oak forests (6.75 and 7.03 respectively) was significantly more acidic than the gross rainfall (7.15). Electrical conductivity was recorded higher in deodar stemflow (231.89 μs/cm) and throughfall (102.75 μs/cm) compared to oak forest (172.92 μs/cm and 83.83 μs/cm respectively). Net nutrient leaching and stemflow were considerably higher from oak forest than deodar forest. Oak forest has better water yield capacity than deodar forest as the interception loss was higher in deodar forest. The idea of sustainable agriculture may be possible surrounding such forests as the need for chemical fertilizer and water can be met by the nutrient-rich soil, available soil moisture and surface water.
Data Sharing and Privacy in Pharmaceutical Studies
Authors: Chen Rufan , Zhang Yi , Dou Zuochao , Chen Feng , Xie Kang , Wang Shuang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract::
Adverse drug events have been a long-standing concern for the wide-ranging harms to public health,
and the substantial disease burden. The key to diminish or eliminate the impacts is to build a comprehensive
pharmacovigilance system. Application of the “big data” approach has been proved to assist the detection of
adverse drug events by involving previously unavailable data sources and promoting health information exchange.
Even though challenges and potential risks still remain. The lack of effective privacy-preserving
measures in the flow of medical data is the most important Accepted: one, where urgent actions are required to
prevent the threats and facilitate the construction of pharmacovigilance systems. Several privacy protection
methods are reviewed in this article, which may be helpful to break the barrier.
Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in South Asians: A Review and Discussion of Causes, Challenges and Management Strategies
Authors: Saeed Anum , Virani Salim S. , Mulukutla Suresh , Chow Clara K. 
Published: January 2021

Background:
South Asians are at a significantly increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular
disease (ASCVD). For a major portion of the South Asian population, the cardiovascular
disease events occur at a relatively younger age, are associated with worse outcomes, and have potentially
more severe socioeconomic implications compared to their western counterparts.

Method:
The term “South Asian” typically constitutes individuals from India, Pakistan, Nepal,
Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Maldives, including expatriates as well as their families from
these countries. Based on this, South Asians form approximately 25% of the world’s population,
with a high ASCVD burden in this group. In this review, we discuss the pathophysiological factors
underlying ASCVD in South Asians, the dyslipidemia types and management, and discuss approaches
to improve the overall ASCVD prevention efforts in this large subset population of the
world. Although the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the excess risk of cardiovascular
disease in South Asians are multifactorial, dyslipidemia is a primary risk factor for the incidence
and prevalence of this disease. The traditional “South Asian” dyslipidemia pattern includes levels
of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the normal range with a high concentration of
LDL particles, elevated triglycerides, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)
with dysfunctional HDL particles, and high levels of lipoprotein(a).

Conclusions:
While combined efforts to study the expatriate South Asians in western countries
have been able to identify South Asian specific dyslipidemias, causal associations and optimal management
remain relatively less explored. Larger scale studies are needed to better quantify the relationship
of each lipid parameter with ASCVD risk among South Asians as well as optimal lipid targets
and management strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality in this high-risk group.
Inspiratory and Expiratory Chest High-resolution CT: Small-airway Disease Evaluation in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Huang Renjun , Zhu Jingfen , Zhou Jianguo , Shang Yalei , Lin Xiaoming , Gong Shengbin , Gu Lan , Dai Hui , Li Yonggang 
Published: January 2021

Background:
An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has occurred worldwide.
However, the small-airway disease in patients with COVID-19 has not been explored.

Aim:
This study aimed to explore the small-airway disease in patients with COVID-19 using inspiratory
and expiratory chest high-resolution computed tomography (CT).

Methods:
This multicenter study included 108 patients with COVID-19. The patients were classified
into five stages (0-IV) based on the CT images. The clinical and imaging data were compared
among CT images in different stages. Patients were divided into three groups according to the time
interval from the initial CT scan, and the clinical and air trapping data were compared among these
groups. The correlation between clinical parameters and CT scores was evaluated.

Results:
The clinical data, including age, frequency of breath shortness and dyspnea, neutrophil percentage,
lymphocyte count, PaO2, PaCO2, SaO2, and time interval between the onset of illness and
initial CT, showed significant differences among CT images in different stages. A significant difference
in the CT score of air trapping was observed between stage I and stage III. A low negative correlation
was found between the CT score of air trapping and the time interval between the onset of
symptoms and initial CT. No significant difference was noted in the frequency and CT score of air
trapping among different groups.

Conclusions:
Some patients with COVID-19 developed small-airway disease. Air trapping was
more distinguished in the early stage of the disease and persisted during the 2-month follow-up.
Longer-term follow-up studies are needed to confirm the findings.
Efficacy and Cardiovascular Safety of Antidiabetic Medications
Authors: Pappachan Joseph M. 
Published: January 2021

:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has already affected one in every eleven person in the global population, and the dis-ease prevalence continues to increase because of the obesity pandemic. Even with the availability of a multitude of antidi-abetic medications for optimal glycaemic control, cardiovascular morbidity and mortality were not largely altered until re-cently when newer antidiabetic drugs such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor analogues (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors were introduced. Cardiovascular safety of antidiabetic drugs has also been a hot topic for global scientific debate after the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) enforced restrictions on Rosiglita-zone in 2010 with the suspicion of increased mortality and myocardial events (with subsequent uplift of the ban on the drug in 2013 following the emergence of additional evidence on safety). After this debate, all antidiabetic should go through rigorous safety checks with cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs). Recent CVOTs with GLP-1RAs and SGLT2 inhibitors have revealed markedly positive outcomes that have changed the landscape of diabetes management across the world. Thus, the therapeutic algorithm for optimal management of DM should consider not only the glycaemic control ef-ficacy of the individual antidiabetic agent but also the cardiovascular safety and modifications in other anticipated long-term DM complication profiles. Therefore, it is imperative to critically appraise the efficacy and cardiovascular safety of all antidiabetic drugs to improve the scientific practice of our diabetes care globally. This issue, “Efficacy and cardiovas-cular safety of antidiabetic medications,” provides readers the back-up of up to date evidence.
Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf) Presents Antitumoral Effect and Improves Chemotherapy Activity in Prostate Cancer Cells
Authors: Gomes Lucas F. , Longhi Pâmela J.H. , Machado Larissa , da Cruz Ivana B. Mânica , Montano Marco A.E. , Martins Mathias , Machado Sérgio A. , Steffani Jovani A. , Cadoná Francine C. 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Prostate cancer is the most common visceral neoplasia in men and frequently presents
chemotherapy resistance. In this context, lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf) has been studied
since it presents many important biological activities, such as anticancer.

Objective:
We investigated the antitumor effect of lemongrass and in chemotherapy activity using prostate cancer
cells line (DU-145).

Methods:
DU-145 cells were exposed to different concentrations of aqueous extract of lemongrass (30; 100;
300; 500 and 1000 μg/mL), isolated and in combination with docetaxel, during 24 and 72 hours. After, cell viability
and proliferation, oxidative metabolism, colony formation and cell cycle analyses were performed. Also,
we exposed the African green monkey kidney cell line (VERO) to the same lemongrass concentrations to investigate
a possible toxicity of this extract.

Results:
Our findings suggested that lemongrass presented an antitumor effect and improved docetaxel chemotherapy
activity by decreasing cell viability and proliferation as well as colony formation. Moreover, we
found an oxidative stress increased and cell cycle arresting in G0 /G1 phase. In addition, this extract presented selectivity
action for cancer cells, since it did not cause cytotoxicity in normal cells, ensuring non-toxic therapeutic
concentrations.

Conclusion:
Lemongrass is a promising medicinal plant that could be used during chemotherapeutic treatment,
in order to potentiate the antitumor response and decrease the resistance of prostate cancer.
Novel Anticancer Dimeric Naphthoquinones from Diospyros lotus having Anti- Tumor, Anti-Inflammatory and Multidrug Resistance Reversal Potential: In Vitro, In Vivo and In Silico Evidence
Authors: Rauf Abdur , Khan Ajmal , Abu-Izneid Tareq , Alhumaydhi Fahad A. , Bawazeer Saud , Raza Muslim , Khan Haroon , Patel Seema , Al-Harrasi Ahmed 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Cancer being a genetically heterogeneous and complex disease and the available therapies
are not very effective, rendering them the predominant cause of mortality across the world. The discovery
of new anticancer drugs with higher efficacy and milder side effects is a great challenge for health professionals.

Objective:
The current study focused on the anticancer potential of two known dimeric napthoquiones,
diospyrin (1) and 8-hydroxydiospyrin (2) isolated from the roots of Diospyros lotus.

Methods:
In vitro Epstein-Barr-Virus (EVA) an early antigen activation assay was used to evaluate the antitumor
potential of tested compounds followed by a two-stage carcinogenesis assay on mouse skin for anti-carcinogenic
effect. Compounds were also assessed for their multidrug resistance reversal potential. The in vitro heatinduced
protein denaturation assay was used for the anti-inflammatory effect of the tested compounds.

Results:
Both compounds evoked marked cytotoxic activity with IC50 of 47.40 and 36.91 ppm, respectively. In
Epstein-Barr-Virus (EVA) early antigen activation assay compounds 1 and 2 showed IC50 values of 426 ppm
and 412 ppm, respectively. The tested compounds showed 60% survival rate of the lymphoblastoid Raji cells at
a concentration of 1000 (mol / ratio 32 pmol TPA). In a two-stage carcinogenesis assay on mouse skin, both
compounds significantly delayed the formation of papillomas on mouse skin. Compound 1 showed 50% effect
at 14th week, whereas compound 2 exerted the same effect at 13th week, while both provoked 100% effect at 20th
week. Both compounds significantly attenuated thermal-induced protein denaturation with EC50 values of 298
and 264 μg/mL, respectively. The dimeric napthoquiones were evaluated for their effects on the reversion of
Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) cell lines mediated by P-glycoprotein using rhodamine 123 dye-based exclusion
screening test on human mdr1 gene transfected thymic lymphoma L5178 cell line. The compounds 1 and 2 exhibited
promising MDR reversal effect in a dose-dependent manner against mouse T-lymphoma cell line. Docking
results also showed that both compounds have good docking statistics as compared with standard.

Conclusions:
Both the compounds demonstrated marked anti-tumor, anti-carcinogenic, and MDR reversal effects
with significant attenuation of thermal-induced denaturation of the protein. These compounds may explain
the traditional uses of D. lotus which might be effective anticancer agents.
One Pot Green Synthesis of Doxorubicin and Curcumin Loaded Magnetic Nanoparticles and Cytotoxicity Studies
Authors: Ak Güliz , Karakayalı Tuğba , Cin Ayşe N. , Özel Buket , Şanlıer Şenay H. 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Green synthesis, an alternative method for synthesizing nanoparticles, is cheaper, environmentally friendly, and
does not produce toxic effects. Doxorubicin is a chemotherapeutic agent used in lung cancer. Curcumin is a bioactive compound with
properties such as an anticancer obtained from Curcuma longa.

Objective:
This study’s objective was to develop Doxorubicin and Curcumin loaded magnetic nanoparticles that could be synthesized by
green tea leaves and investigate cytotoxic effects against the A549-luc-C8, non-small cell lung cancer line.

Methods:
Magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized with the green synthesis method. Furthermore, Doxorubicin
and Curcumin were encapsulated into magnetic nanoparticles with the one-pot method and obtained magnetic
nanoparticles characterized using FTIR, SEM/EDX, XRD, and UV-VIS spectrophotometric techniques. After
that, The drug release test was performed by dialysis using pH 7.4 phosphate-buffered saline at 37 °C. MTT assay
was performed to test the cytotoxicity effect in the A549-luc-C8 cell line.

Results:
FTIR analysis verified the magnetic structure and drug loading. SEM images of magnetic nanoparticle releaved that they had a
size of about 50-60 nm in a mono-disperse manner. Drug release after 24 h was found as 5.8% for doxorubicin and 3.4% for curcumin,
showing controlled release.

Conclusion:
Results showed that the prepared magnetic nanoparticles were thought to had synergistic antitumor activity for A549-lucC8.
Short-Term Wearable Sensors for In-Hospital Medical and Surgical Patients: Mixed Methods Analysis of Patient Perspectives
Authors: Joshi Meera , Archer Stephanie , Morbi Abigail , Arora Sonal , Kwasnicki Richard , Ashrafian Hutan , Khan Sadia , Cooke Graham , Darzi Ara 
Published: January 2021

Background
Continuous vital sign monitoring using wearable sensors may enable early detection of patient deterioration and sepsis.

Objective
This study aimed to explore patient experiences with wearable sensor technology and carry out continuous monitoring through questionnaire and interview studies in an acute hospital setting.

Methods
Patients were recruited for a wearable sensor study and were asked to complete a 9-item questionnaire. Patients responses were evaluated using a Likert scale and with continuous variables. A subgroup of surgical patients wearing a Sensium Vital Sign Sensor was invited to participate in semistructured interviews. The Sensium wearable sensor measures the vital signs: heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature. All interview data were subjected to thematic analysis.

Results
Out of a total of 500 patients, 453 (90.6%) completed the questionnaire. Furthermore, 427 (85.4%) patients agreed that the wearable sensor was comfortable, 429 (85.8%) patients agreed to wear the patch again when in hospital, and 398 (79.6%) patients agreed to wear the patch at home. Overall, 12 surgical patients consented to the interviews. Five main themes of interest to patients emerged from the interviews: (1) centralized monitoring, (2) enhanced feelings of patient safety, (3) impact on nursing staff, (4) comfort and usability, and (5) future use and views on technology.

Conclusions
Overall, the feedback from patients using wearable monitoring sensors was strongly positive with relatively few concerns raised. Patients felt that the wearable sensors would improve their sense of safety, relieve pressure on health care staff, and serve as a favorable aspect of future health care technology.
BELAJAR SPEAKING BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA
Authors: Lubis Tasnim 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model pembelajaran speaking berbasis multimedia melalui pendekatan antropolinguistik. Pendekatan antropolinguistik mengombinasikan pembelajaran tuturan teks bahasa Inggris dalam pembelajaran speaking dengan ko-teks dan konteksnya. Hasil kuesioner, wawancara, dan tugas video merupakan data dalam penelitian ini. Data kuesioner diukur dengan menggunakan skala Likert. Untuk wawancara dan tugas video dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan antropolinguistik yang menganalisis performansi berdasarkan teks, ko-teks, dan konteksnya. Selanjutnya data dianalisis dengan menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman yang terdiri dari kondensasi data, data display, dan verifikasi/simpulan. Hasil kuesioner menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa menyukai pembelajaran speaking melalui penggunaan multimedia yang dikemas dalam bentuk tugas video karena mereka dapat langsung praktik menggunakan bahasa Inggris sekaligus dengan menggunakan ko-teks seperti gesture, intonasi, dan peralatan yang digunakan dalam berbicara seperti penutur asli (native speaker). Selanjutnya untuk konteks, mahasiswa mampu menghadirkan situasi formal untuk scene interview dan situasi nonformal sebelum dan sesudah scene interview. Pembelajaran speaking dengan penggunaan multimedia (tugas video) efektif untuk diaplikasikan di Politeknik LP3I Medan karena dapat membantu dalam menghilangkan sikap negatif dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris serta memberikan pemahaman secara langsung mengenai tahapan dalam mempelajari suatu topik pembelajaran.