bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Black soldier fly larvae: a one health approach to investigate gut, and organ health and meat quality response in slow-growing chickens
Authors: Fiorilla Edoardo , Ferrocino Ilario , Gariglio Marta , Gai Francesco , Zambotto Valeria , Ozella Laura , Franciosa Irene , Giribaldi Marzia , Antoniazzi Sara , Raspa Federica , Cappone Eleonora Erika , Fabrikov Dmitri , Pozzo Sara , Bongiorno Valentina , Calissano Alice , Ippolito Dorotea , Bergagna Stefania , Srikanthithasan Karthika , Forte Claudio , Capucchio Maria Teresa , Schiavone Achille 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The inclusion of sustainable protein sources in poultry feed has become essential for improving animal welfare in livestock production. Black soldier fly larvae are a promising solution due to their high protein content and sustainable production. However, most research has focused on fast-growing poultry breeds, while the effects on native breeds, such as the Bianca di Saluzzo, are less explored. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of BSFL supplementation in the diet of slow-growing chickens, with a focus on growth, intestinal health and meat quality for final consumers.

Results
The study demonstrated that Black soldier fly larvae supplementation, both in dehydrated and live form, improved growth performance, with an increase in final weights compared to the control group. No significant differences were found in feed conversion ratio, liver and spleen weight or histomorphometry between groups. Black soldier fly larvae supplementation did not negatively affect immune function or liver metabolism. Higher production propionic acid was detected in the black soldier fly larvae fed groups compared to the control, suggesting an effect on volatile fatty acid production. Gut microbiota analysis showed an increase in beneficial bacteria, such as Faecalibacterium, in the live larvae group. Furthermore, the meat fatty acid profile and atherogenicity and thrombogenicity indices did not undergo significant changes, implying a low potential risk to consumers’ cardiovascular health.

Conclusions
Black soldier fly larvae supplementation in the diet of Bianca di Saluzzo improved growth without compromising animal health or meat quality. Moreover, the increase in beneficial volatile fatty acids and the modulation of gut microbiota suggest a positive impact on gut health. Finally, the absence of negative effects on meat lipid profiles confirms nutritional safety for consumers, making black soldier fly larvae a valid alternative in poultry feed. These results offer new perspectives for the use of Black soldier fly larvae in the nutrition of local breeds, contributing to sustainability in line with the One Health approach.
Family concerns in organ donor conversations: a qualitative embedded multiple-case study
Authors: van Oosterhout Sanne P. C. , van der Niet Anneke G. , Abdo Wilson F. , Boenink Marianne , van Gurp Jelle L. P. , Olthuis Gert 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Listening and responding to family concerns in organ and tissue donation is generally considered important, but has never been researched in real time. We aimed to explore in real time, (a) which family concerns emerge in the donation process, (b) how these concerns manifest during and after the donor conversation, and (c) how clinicians respond to the concerns during the donor conversation.

Methods
A qualitative embedded multiple-case study in eight Dutch hospitals was conducted. Thematic analysis was performed based on audio recordings and direct observations of 29 donor conversations and interviews with the family members involved (n = 24).

Results
Concerns clustered around six topics: 1) Life-event of a relative’s death, 2) Dying well, 3) Tensions and fears about donation, 4) Experiences of time, 5) Procedural clarity, and 6) Involving (non-)present family. Most concerns occurred in topics 1 and 2. Clinicians mostly responded to concerns by providing information or immediate solutions, while sometimes acknowledgement sufficed. When concerns were highly charged with emotion, the clinicians’ responses were less frequently attuned to families’ needs. Cues of less clearly articulated concerns gained less follow-up. Then, concerns often remained or reappeared.

Conclusion
The identified concerns and the distinction between clearly and less clearly articulated concerns may prove valuable for clinicians to improve family support. We advise clinicians to engage with a curious, probing attitude to enhance the dialogue around concerns, elaborate on less clearly articulated concerns and identify the informational needs of the family.
Multiplexed amplicon sequencing reveals the heterogeneous spatial distribution of pyrethroid resistance mutations in Aedes albopictus mosquito populations in southern France
Authors: Fontaine Albin , Mignotte Antoine , Lacour Guillaume , Nguyen Agnès , Gomez Nicolas , Chanaud Lionel , L’Ambert Grégory , Briolant Sébastien 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The risk of mosquito-borne disease transmission is increasing in temperate climates with the colonization and proliferation of the Asian tiger mosquito vector Aedes albopictus and the rapid mass transport of passengers returning from tropical regions where viruses are endemic. The prevention of major Aedes-borne viruses heavily relies on the use of insecticides for vector control, mainly pyrethroids. In Europe, only deltamethrin is authorized.

Methods
High-throughput molecular assays can provide a cost-effective surrogate to phenotypic insecticide resistance assays when mutations have been previously linked to a resistance phenotype. Here, we screened for the spatial distribution of knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations at a large scale using a two-step approach based on multiplexed amplicon sequencing and an unprecedented collection of field-derived mosquitoes from 95 sites in 61 municipalities, alongside a west-to-east transect in the south of France, from June to September 2021.

Results
We identified the presence of the V1016G allele in 14 sites. The V1016G allele was predominantly found in southeast France close to the Italian border, with two additional isolated sites close to Bordeaux and Marmande. All mosquitoes were heterozygous for this mutation and should not be phenotypically resistant to pyrethroid insecticide. Four other mutations were identified in our targeted genomic sequence: I1532T, M1006L, M1586L, M995L. Sequencing a section of maternally inherited mitochondrial genome confirmed that the spread of Ae. albopictus in France originated from founders within haplogroup A1.

Conclusions
These findings contribute to the broader understanding of resistance dynamics in Europe and can inform targeted approaches to mitigate the impact of resistance on vector control.
Allergic rhinitis
Authors: Rosenfield Lana , Keith Paul K. , Quirt Jaclyn , Small Peter , Ellis Anne K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAllergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disorder that is strongly linked to asthma and conjunctivitis. Classic symptoms include nasal congestion, nasal itch, rhinorrhea and sneezing. A thorough history, physical examination and assessment of allergen sensitization are important for establishing the diagnosis of AR. Intranasal corticosteroids and second-generation antihistamines are the mainstay of treatment. Allergen immunotherapy is an effective immune-modulating treatment for use in addition to or as an alternative to pharmacologic therapy. This article provides an overview on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and appropriate management of AR.
Kinematic source rupture on listric faults for the 2024 Noto Peninsula, Japan, earthquake (Mw 7.5) estimated from near-field strong-motion waveforms
Authors: Guo Yujia , Miyakoshi Ken , Sato Toshiaki 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOn January 1, 2024, an Mw 7.5 reverse-fault earthquake occurred along the submarine active faults just offshore of the Noto Peninsula in central Japan. This earthquake is one of the largest inland crustal earthquakes that ever recorded in Japan. We performed inversions of near-field strong-motion waveforms (0.05–0.25 Hz) to investigate the kinematic rupture process of this earthquake. For the inversions, we assumed listric fault planes, where the dip angles are steeper near the seafloor and become gentler with increased depth, based on the location of the submarine fault offsets, the structure at shallow depths revealed by seismic reflection surveys, and the relocated aftershock distribution at deep depths. To constrain our kinematic source model, we also utilized geodetic information published by the Geospatial Information Authority of Japan. We identified that the rupture process had three phases. The first phase was the initial rupture with a small slip of ~ 2 m around the rupture initiation area. After several seconds, the second and third phases, which were the main ruptures, propagated in the southwest and northeast directions, respectively. During the second and third phases, five large slip areas with average slips of 5–6 m significantly contributed to the strong-motion waveforms. By forward-simulating the geodetic data, we found that the rupture at shallow depths included an oblique component close to a right-lateral component and that, in the eastern part of the source region, the rupture transferred from a southeastward-dipping fault to a northwestward-dipping fault. The listric fault with high dip angles at shallow depths is better than a planar fault with a single dip angle for accurately modeling the fault slip near the surface and the coseismic displacement close to the fault trace during the reverse-fault earthquake.
Graphical abstract
Intersectional Peer Effects at Work: The Effect of White Coworkers on Black Women’s Careers
Authors: Linos Elizabeth , Mobasseri Sanaz , Roussille Nina 
Published: December 2024

This paper investigates how having more White coworkers influences the subsequent retention and promotion of Black women relative to other race-gender groups. Studying 9,037 new hires at a professional services firm, we first document large racial turnover and promotion gaps: Even after controlling for observable characteristics, Black employees are 6.7 percentage points (32%) more likely to turn over within two years and 18.7 percentage points (26%) less likely to be promoted on time than their White counterparts. The largest turnover gap is between Black and White women, at 8.9 percentage points (51%). We argue that initial assignment to project teams is conditionally random based on placebo tests and qualitative evidence. Under this assumption, we show that a one-standard-deviation (20.8 percentage points) increase in the share of White coworkers is associated with a 15.8-percentage-point increase in turnover and an 11.5-percentage-point decrease in promotion for Black women. We refer to these effects as intersectional: Black women are the only race-gender group whose turnover and promotion are negatively impacted by White coworkers. We explore potential causal pathways through which these peer effects may emerge: Black women who were initially assigned to Whiter teams are subsequently more likely to be labeled as low performers and report fewer billable hours, both of which are predictors of higher turnover and lower promotion for all employees. Our findings contribute to the literature on peer effects, intersectionality, and the practice of managing race and gender inequality in organizations. This paper was accepted by Isabel Fernandez-Mateo, organizations. Funding: The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Center for Equity, Gender, and Leadership at University of California, Berkeley-Haas, Boston University’s Center for Antiracist Research, and the Hub for Equal Representation at the London School of Economics and Political Science. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02010 .
The importance of documenting the casualties of armed conflict
Authors: Ward Emily , Hamourtziadou Lily 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article highlights the importance of documenting casualties of armed conflicts. It looks at the Oxford Research Group’s list of legal obligations of states to document casualties. This list has been compiled from multiple different laws that are currently in place for conflicts but are often ignored or forgotten due to other pressing matters. It will also look at how mass deaths have been recorded strategically by states, by comparing the record keeping from the COVID-19 pandemic to record keeping in armed conflicts. It examines the work of NGOs, such as Iraq Body Count, and addresses the issue of accountability. Finally, it uses the Bouderbala Commission as a positive example of a government working together with its citizens to help create documentation of a conflict.
Postural control patterns in gravid women—A systematic review
Authors: Forczek-Karkosz Wanda , Masłoń Agata 
Published: December 2024

Background
Postural stability is essential for functional independence in the pregnant population. The contradictions between existing studies and the lack of consistent characteristics in the strategies used by pregnant women for postural control demonstrate the need for further investigation.

Objectives
The aim was to review the available literature on postural strategies throughout pregnancy in both static and dynamic conditions and to provide an assessment of the quality of these studies in terms of methodological issues to identify the reasons for the inconsistencies in findings between research centers.

Methods
Literature searches were conducted using PubMed and EBSCOhost Research Databases. The latest search was performed on September 01, 2024. The review was restricted to longitudinal, cross-sectional, case-control, and descriptive studies focused on the effect of pregnancy on the stability of future mothers, with the following criteria: healthy pregnant women and singleton pregnancies. Trials were excluded if they were restricted to multiple pregnancies or considered various kinds of interventions. The methodological quality was evaluated using the criteria proposed by Downs and Black. Data items such as information on study design, characteristics of the study sample, equipment used, stability task performance, and outcome measures were presented.

Results
The final analysis comprised 22 articles, including a total of 641 pregnant and 296 nonpregnant women. Research results in both static and dynamic conditions are inconclusive, showing either a decrease, no change, or improvement in postural equilibrium as pregnancy advances. Importantly, the results indicate that women in advanced pregnancy may be at increased risk of falling when their vision is compromised.

Discussion
A lack of homogeneity in the study groups and a small number of longitudinal analyses were observed. The methodologies applied and the postural indices used to measure body sway varied across the studies. Our findings can serve as basic data for health promotion programs to encourage safe daily activities in pregnant women.
Double Whammy: A Case Report of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Colitis and Concomitant Cytomegalovirus Colitis in a Patient on Nivolumab
Authors: Gautam Misha , Jahagirdar Vinay , Mahadevia Himil , Sanders Kimberly , Campbell John P. , Sylvestre Pamela B. , Chhabra Rajiv , Clarkston Wendell , Jonnalagadda Sreenivasa S. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Immune checkpoint inhibitors commonly cause gastrointestinal immune-related adverse effects. These patients also carry an increased risk of concomitant infections. This 66-year-old man with immune checkpoint inhibitor colitis was discovered to have concurrent Yersinia and Cytomegalovirus colitis. Such infections may mimic or complicate disease course. Hence, clinicians must monitor patient symptoms, have a low threshold for infectious testing and colonoscopy, and consider treatment strategies to mitigate their risk.
Acute Hepatitis B Infection in a Patient With Confirmed Immunity on Long-Acting Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine
Authors: Boateng William K.B. , Carlin Neil , Spira Etan , Szabela Maria E. , Ezeh Kosisochukwu J. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Long-acting injectable formulation of cabotegravir/rilpivirine (CAB/RPV) is a promising novel maintenance therapy for HIV infection. However, coinfection with active hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a contraindication to initiating this therapy. Despite guidelines, patients with HBV immunity can still contract acute HBV infection. We report a case of a 30-year-old man with HIV who transitioned from antiretroviral therapy to CAB/RPV and had confirmed HBV immunity. The patient, though asymptomatic, showed significantly elevated liver function tests (LFTs) before his monthly CAB/RPV injection. He was hospitalized and diagnosed with acute HBV infection. His LFTs improved, and he was taken off CAB/RPV and returned to antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV and HBV. During subsequent follow-ups as an outpatient, the patient's LFTs normalized, and his HBV viral load significantly decreased. This case highlights the potential need for routine HBV testing in patients on CAB/RPV therapy.
Asymptomatic Inflammatory Bowel Disease Diagnosed During Colorectal Cancer Population Screening in Catalonia: Characteristics and Natural History
Authors: Brunet-Mas Eduard , Selva Anna , Bas-Cutrina Francesc , Brujats Anna , Caballol Berta , Font Rebeca , Gómez Bàrbara , Gonzalez-Muñosa Carlos , Busquets David , Monfort David , Vera Diana Patrícia , Maristany Elisabet , Cirera Gemma , Torres Gisela , Castro-Poceiro Jesús , Lopez Joel , Gonzalez-Gonzalez Laura , Màrquez-Mosquera Lucia , Gallach Marta , Esteve Maria , Tremosa Gemma , Torra Sandra , Robles-Alonso Virginia , Garcia-Iglesias Pilar , Rodríguez-Lago Iago , Calvet Xavier 
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is usually diagnosed when symptomatic. Prognosis and evolution of preclinical IBD is largely unknown. However, colorectal cancer screening programs (CRCSP) detect a subset of patients with IBD with no symptoms. The aim of this study was to describe the natural history of asymptomatic IBD diagnosed through CRCSP.

METHODS:
An observational, longitudinal, and retrospective study was performed at 22 centers in Catalonia between January 2010 and December 2019 including patients with asymptomatic IBD detected in the CRCSP. Demographic data and IBD characteristics, evolution, and treatment were recorded. Descriptive statistics and Kaplan-Meier analysis were used for the analysis. Data were given separately for IBD, Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and IBD unclassified (IBDU).

RESULTS:
One hundred eighty-eight patients were included: 103 UC (54.8%), 60 CD (31.9%), and 25 IBDU (13.3%). Sixty-six (35.1%) were women, and the average age was 59.9 ± 5.9 years. Sixty-four patients (34.0%) developed symptoms after a median follow-up of 35.6 months. Diarrhea was the most frequent symptom for CD and IBDU (25.4% and 11.5%, respectively) and blood in stools for UC (21.4%). The median time to first symptom was 11.6 months. Treatment was prescribed in 135 patients (72.2%); mesalazine was the most prescribed drug (123 patients; 65.4%). Thirteen patients (6.9%) required biological treatment. None underwent surgery.

DISCUSSION:
Around one-third of asymptomatic patients with IBD developed symptoms after a medium follow-up of 3 years. Only 6.9% required biological treatment, and none required surgery. Overall, prognosis of asymptomatic IBD seems better.
The relationship between muscle sympathetic nerve activity and serum fatty acid binding protein 4 at rest and during isometric handgrip exercise
Authors: Hirai Tadayuki , Hamaoka Takuto , Murai Hisayoshi , Sugimoto Hiroyuki , Mukai Yusuke , Nomura Ayano , Kusayama Takashi , Ikeda Tatsunori , Takashima Shinichiro , Kato Takeshi , Sakata Kenji , Usui Soichiro , Takata Shigeo , Takamura Masayuki 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) is highly expressed in adipocytes. Lipolysis, caused by an elevated adrenergic input, has been suggested to contribute to elevated serum FABP4 levels in patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship between the serum FABP4 and efferent sympathetic nerve activity remains poorly understood. Twenty‐one healthy subjects (average age, 29.1 years; 15 men) performed an isometric handgrip (HG) exercise at 30% of the maximal voluntary contraction until they were fatigued. The beat‐by‐beat heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) were recorded. Blood samples were collected at rest and at the time of peak fatigue. The MSNA, HR, and systolic BP were significantly increased by the HG exercise (all, p < 0.05). MSNA was obtained from 14 patients. The change in the FABP4 on HG exercise was significantly correlated with the change in MSNA (bursts/100 heartbeats) (R = 0.808, p < 0.001) but not with changes in other parameters, which might, in part, reflect an association of efferent sympathetic drive with FABP4. Meanwhile, resting FABP4 levels were not associated with any parameters including MSNA, in healthy individuals. Future studies on patients with elevated sympathetic activity are warranted to examine the relationship further.
Olympic distance duathlon and cardiac performance in highly‐trained triathletes
Authors: Donaldson J. A. , Wiles J. D. , Papadakis M. , Sharma S. , Sharma R. , O'Driscoll J. M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe effects of triathlon exercise on cardiac function are well documented. While Olympic triathlon (swim‐bike‐run) remains the standard format, increasing concerns about water quality in natural waterways present ongoing challenges for open‐water swimming events, highlighting the potential need to consider alternative formats such as duathlon (run‐bike‐run) in some circumstances. An additional run may increase the overall metabolic and cardiovascular demand compared with the swim in triathlon, leading to reduced future performance. Conversely, the majority of EICF research reports reversal of post‐exercise perturbations within 24–7 days of recovery but duathlon has not yet been studied in this context. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the cardiac, autonomic, haemodynamic and biomarker responses during and following two Olympic distance (OD) duathlon separated by 7 days of recovery. Highly‐trained (V O2max >60 mL·kg−1·min−1) male participants (n = 10) completed two lab‐based OD duathlons, either continuous (BD) or with functional measurements after each leg (UD), separated by 7 days of rest. Conventional echocardiography recorded standard and tissue Doppler measures of left ventricular (LV) structure and function. Speckle tracking echocardiography was used to measure global longitudinal strain (GLS). Time and frequency domain analysis of HRV, as well as plasma high sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs‐cTnT) were measured pre and post exercise. In the broken duathlon trial (BD) cardiac measurements and blood samples were also taken between each leg. In the unbroken duathlon (UD) participants performed each leg sequentially. Duathlon exercise resulted in similar cardiac functional and biomarker alterations as previously reported in triathlon and standalone running and cycling exercise. Cardiac troponins were still elevated following 24 h−1 of recovery. However, functional changes were resolved within 24 h−1 of passive recovery and did not impair subsequent duathlon performance, or pre‐exercise measurements 7 days after the first trial. Whether or not elite or recreational athletes experience the same magnitude and reversibility of these changes remains to be elucidated further.