bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of dietary supplementation with Artemisia argyi alcohol extract on growth performance, blood biochemical properties and small intestinal immune markers of broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Yang Shuo , Zhang Jing , Jiang Yang , Xu Yuanqing , Jin Xiao , Yan Sumei , Shi Binlin 
Published: November 2021

Context Broilers are prone to immunological stress when subjected to unsuitable environmental conditions (such as virus attack, nutrient deficiency and high stocking density), lowering immunity and resulting in inflammatory bowel diseases. The herb-feed additive Artemisia argyi has been applied in poultry production, and its extract may improve small intestinal immune capacity. Aims This study was conducted to investigate the effect of A. argyi alcohol extract (AAAE) on growth performance and blood biochemical and small intestinal immune markers of broilers challenged with a proinflammatory substance, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The study also examined possible mechanisms of action, and aimed to clarify whether AAAE could be applied as a feed additive. Methods In total, 192 one-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were allocated to four groups following a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (including six replicates with eight birds per replicate) with two dietary AAAE rates (0 or 750 mg/kg) and two immune stress treatments (LPS or saline injection). Blood and small intestine were sampled on Days 21 and 35. Key results Dietary AAAE alleviated the LPS-induced decrease in bodyweight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake, and mitigated the elevated serum alanine aminotransferase, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone concentrations at Day 21 and/or Day 35 in LPS-challenged broilers. AAAE significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated LPS-induced increases in intestinal immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG and IgM) and interleukin (IL-1β and IL-6) concentrations. Moreover, the small intestinal mRNA abundances of the genes TLR4, MyD88, NF-κBp65, IL-1β and IL-6 in LPS-challenged broilers were decreased (P < 0.05) in response to dietary AAAE treatment. Conclusions These results further demonstrated that AAAE at 750 mg/kg enhanced small intestinal tissue immune capacity of broilers, thereby alleviating LPS-induced immune stress damage in broilers. Its mechanism of action may be related to the mediating of TLR4/NF-κB pathways. Implications Dietary AAAE can be used to improve the immune function of broilers, and to provide a new scientific theoretical basis for the development of new anti-stress feed additives.
‘Be nice to us, we’re still learning’: an online survey of young people in Hawkes Bay, New Zealand, about unmet need for sexual health care and improving access to services
Authors: Rose Sally B. , Garrett Susan M. , McKinlay Eileen M. , Morgan Sonya J. 
Published: November 2021

Background Young people need equitable access to high-quality sexual and reproductive health care to enjoy good sexual health. Methods This online survey of people aged 15–24 years in a defined region of New Zealand asked about unmet need for sexual health care and sought views on improving access to sexual health care. Results Five hundred participants took part in the study between August and October 2020, of whom 60% were female, 25% were of Māori (indigenous) ethnicity, and 21.4% were gender and/or sexuality diverse. Sixty percent had ever received sexual health care (300/500), and 74.3% received it from a general practice clinic (223/300). Overall, 41% (204/500) reported they needed, but had not received sexual health care in the past (‘unmet need’). Reasons for unmet need included being shy, embarrassed or ashamed (74.5%, 152/204), fear of judgment by clinic staff (42.6%, 87/204), cost (32.8%, 67/204), concerns about confidentiality (28.9%, 59/204), and not knowing where to go (24%, 49/204). Māori participants were more likely to report not knowing where to go (32.1% vs 20%, P = 0.04). Participants identified the need to reduce stigma, normalise sexual health care, improve convenience, affordability and awareness of services as key to improving access. Reassurance about confidentiality and being treated with kindness, empathy and respect were deemed critical to service acceptability. Conclusions Action is urgently needed at policy, funding and practice levels to improve access to services by: reducing societal stigma, normalising discussions around sexual health, improving affordability and raising awareness of services. Quality improvement is also needed in general practice to ensure young people can routinely access youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health care.
Ubiquitin-specific proteases UBP12 and UBP13 promote shade avoidance response by enhancing PIF7 stability
Authors: Zhou Yu , Park Su-Hyun , Soh Miao Yi , Chua Nam-Hai 
Published: November 2021

Significance
For plants grown in a crowded environment, PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 7 (PIF7) plays a critical role by initiating a series of adaptive growth responses. Here, we demonstrate that, in addition to transcription activity and subcellular localization, the PIF7 protein level, which is stringently regulated, is also important for shade avoidance responses. We identified two ubiquitin-specific proteases, UBP12 and UBP13, which positively regulate rapid plant growth in response to shade light. These two ubiquitin proteases directly interact with PIF7 and protect the latter from destruction by 26S proteasomes. The dynamic changes of PIF7 abundance regulated by UBP12 and UBP13 provide insight into the roles of posttranslational modifications of PIF7 in integrating environmental changes with endogenous responses.
Peptide nucleic acid–dependent artifact can lead to false-positive triplex gene editing signals
Authors: Ho Pui Yan , Zhang Zhen , Hayes Mark E. , Curd Andrew , Dib Carla , Rayburn Maire , Tam Sze Nok , Srivastava Tumul , Hriniak Brandon , Li Xiao-Jun , Leonard Scott , Wang Lan , Tarighat Somayeh , Sim Derek S. , Fiandaca Mark , Coull James M. , Ebens Allen , Fordyce Marshall , Czechowicz Agnieszka 
Published: November 2021

Significance
Many current gene editing techniques rely on use of a donor template to elicit correction. While functional correction remains the strongest indicator of successful editing, many candidates are initially screened via in vitro–based outcomes. Our work here indicates that peptide nucleic acids have an intrinsic capability to aggregate with single-stranded DNA donor templates, which may lead to false positives in PCR-based readouts. To mitigate this issue, we have validated several methods including size exclusion, nuclease digestion, and purification columns, which reversed the appearance of false signals. This is critical to enable efficient development of optimal gene editing agents, which could impact the treatment of many diseases ranging from severe combined immunodeficiencies to sickle cell anemia to cystic fibrosis.
Time-dependent ab initio approaches for high-harmonic generation spectroscopy
Authors: Coccia Emanuele , Luppi Eleonora 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
High-harmonic generation (HHG) is a nonlinear physical process used for the production of ultrashort pulses in XUV region, which are then used for investigating ultrafast phenomena in time-resolved spectroscopies. Moreover, HHG signal itself encodes information on electronic structure and dynamics of the target, possibly coupled to the nuclear degrees of freedom. Investigating HHG signal leads to HHG spectroscopy, which is applied to atoms, molecules, solids and recently also to liquids. Analysing the number of generated harmonics, their intensity and shape gives a detailed insight of, e.g., ionisation and recombination channels occurring in the strong-field dynamics. A number of valuable theoretical models has been developed over the years to explain and interpret HHG features, with the three-step model being the most known one. Originally, these models neglect the complexity of the propagating electronic wavefunction, by only using an approximated formulation of ground and continuum states. Many effects unravelled by HHG spectroscopy are instead due to electron correlation effects, quantum interference, and Rydberg-state contributions, which are all properly captured by an ab initio electronic-structure approach. In this review we have collected recent advances in modelling HHG by means of ab initio time-dependent approaches relying on the propagation of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (or derived equations) in presence of a very intense electromagnetic field. We limit ourselves to gas-phase atomic and molecular targets, and to solids. We focus on the various levels of theory employed for describing the electronic structure of the target, coupled with strong-field dynamics and ionisation approaches, and on the basis used to represent electronic states. Selected applications and perspectives for future developments are also given.
Investigation of vacancy defects and substitutional doping in AlSb monolayer with double layer honeycomb structure: a first-principles calculation
Authors: Bafekry A , Faraji M , Karbasizadeh S , Jappor H R , Sarsari I Abdolhosseini , Ghergherehchi M , Gogova D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The experimental knowledge of the AlSb monolayer with double layer honeycomb structure is largely based on the recent publication (Le Qin et al 2021 ACS Nano
15 8184), where this monolayer was recently synthesized. Therefore, the aim of our research is to consequently explore the effects of substitutional doping and vacancy point defects on the electronic and magnetic properties of the novel hexagonal AlSb monolayer. Besides experimental reports, the phonon band structure and cohesive energy calculations confirm the stability of the AlSb monolayer. Its direct bandgap has been estimated to be 0.9 eV via the hybrid functional method, which is smaller than the value of 1.6 eV of bulk material. The majority of vacancy defects and substitutional dopants change the electronic properties of the AlSb monolayer from semiconducting to metallic. Moreover, the MgSb impurity has demonstrated the addition of ferromagnetic behavior to the material. It is revealed through the calculation of formation energy that in Al-rich conditions, the vacant site of VSb is the most stable, while in Sb-rich circumstances the point defect of VAl gets the title. The formation energy has also been calculated for the substitutional dopants, showing relative stability of the defected structures. We undertook this theoretical study to inspire many experimentalists to focus their efforts on AlSb monolayer growth incorporating different impurities. It has been shown here that defect engineering is a powerful tool to tune the properties of novel AlSb two-dimensional monolayer for advanced nanoelectronic applications.
Weighted total least squares–Bayes filter-based estimation of relative pose for a space non-cooperative unknown target without a priori knowledge
Authors: Zhu Chengguang , Gao Zhongpai , Zhao Jiankang , Long Haihui , Liu Chuanqi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The estimation of relative pose of a space non-cooperative target is an attractive yet challenging task due to the complexity of the target background and illumination, and the lack of a priori knowledge. Unfortunately, these negative factors have a grave impact on the accuracy of the estimation and the robustness of the filter algorithms. In response, this paper proposes a novel filter algorithm for estimating relative pose to improve robustness based on a stereovision system. First, to obtain a coarse relative pose, the weighted total least squares (WTLS) algorithm is adopted to estimate the relative pose based on several feature points. The resulting relative pose is fed into the subsequent filter scheme as an observation quantity. Second, the classic Bayes filter is exploited to estimate the relative state except for moment-of-inertia ratios. Additionally, the one-step prediction results are used as feedback for WTLS initialization. The proposed algorithm successfully eliminates the dependence on continuous tracking of several fixed points. Finally, comparison experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm presents a better performance in terms of robustness and convergence time.
Non-volatile multi-level cell storage via sequential phase transition in Sb7Te3/GeSb6Te multilayer thin film
Authors: Xu Zhehao , Su Xiao , Hua Sicong , Zhai Jiwei , Song Sannian , Song Zhitang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
For high-performance data centers, huge data transfer, reliable data storage and emerging in-memory computing require memory technology with the combination of accelerated access, large capacity and persistence. As for phase-change memory, the Sb-rich compounds Sb7Te3 and GeSb6Te have demonstrated fast switching speed and considerable difference of phase transition temperature. A multilayer structure is built up with the two compounds to reach three non-volatile resistance states. Sequential phase transition in a relationship with the temperature is confirmed to contribute to different resistance states with sufficient thermal stability. With the verification of nanoscale confinement for the integration of Sb7Te3/GeSb6Te multilayer thin film, T-shape PCM cells are fabricated and two SET operations are executed with 40 ns-width pulses, exhibiting good potential for the multi-level PCM candidate.
Droplet epitaxy of InAs/InP quantum dots via MOVPE by using an InGaAs interlayer
Authors: Sala Elisa M , Godsland Max , Na Young In , Trapalis Aristotelis , Heffernan Jon 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
InAs quantum dots (QDs) are grown on an In0.53Ga0.47As interlayer and embedded in an InP(100) matrix. They are fabricated via droplet epitaxy (DE) in a metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) reactor. Formation of metallic indium droplets on the In0.53Ga0.47As lattice-matched layer and their crystallization into QDs is demonstrated for the first time in MOVPE. The presence of the In0.53Ga0.47As layer prevents the formation of an unintentional non-stoichiometric 2D layer underneath and around the QDs, via suppression of the As-P exchange. The In0.53Ga0.47As layer affects the surface diffusion leading to a modified droplet crystallization process, where unexpectedly the size of the resulting QDs is found to be inversely proportional to the indium supply. Bright single dot emission is detected via micro-photoluminescence at low temperature, ranging from 1440 to 1600 nm, covering the technologically relevant telecom C-band. Transmission electron microscopy investigations reveal buried quantum dots with truncated pyramid shape without defects or dislocations.
Microwave and furnace annealing in oxygen ambient for performance enhancement of p-type SnO thin-film transistors
Authors: Mohanty Srikant Kumar , Wu Chien Hung , Chang Shih-Ho , Chang Kow Ming 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of microwave-irradiation annealing (MWA) and thermal furnace annealing (FA) in oxygen ambient on the active channel layer of p-type tin-oxide (SnO) thin-film transistors. At very low source-drain voltage of −0.1 V, the MWA at 1200 W and FA at 300 °C samples have exhibited significant improvement in the electrical characteristics such as subthreshold swing (SS) of 0.93 and 0.485 V dec−1, the I
on/I
off ratio of 1.65 × 104 and 3.07 × 104, the field-effect mobility (μ
FE) of 0.16 and 0.26 cm2 V−1 s and ultra-low off-state current of 1.9 and 2.0 pA respectively. The observed performance enhancement was mainly attributed to the reduction of interface trap density (N
t) by tuning the power of MWA and optimizing the temperature in FA. From the result, we observed the optical band gap (E
g) increased by 6% in FA, and 12% in MWA, which confirms improved crystallinity and reduction of defect states. Additionally, a low thermal budget microwave anneal process has shown high transmittance of more than 86% in the visible region (380–700 nm). The physical characterization indicates the partial phase transformation of SnO to SnO2 with retaining p-type conductivity in both annealing processes. The results demonstrate that both the annealing process could be highly promising to be used in the complementary logic circuits of new generation flexible/transparent displays.
Anisotropic critical current density and flux pinning mechanism of Fe

1+y

Te0.6Se0.4 single crystals
Authors: Pan Yongqiang , Zhou Nan , Lin Bencheng , Wang Jinhua , Zhu Zengwei , Zhou Wei , Sun Yue , Shi Zhixiang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Fe

1
+
y

Te0.6Se0.4 has considerable application potential due to its large critical current density (J
c) and high upper critical magnetic field (

H

c2

). However, the uncertainty of the anisotropy of J
c and the unclear flux-pinning mechanism have limited the application of this material. In this study, the J
c in three directions were obtained from magnetic hysteresis loop measurements. A large anisotropy of

J

c

a
b

/

J

c

c

∼

10 was observed, and the origin of the anisotropy was discussed in details. Flux pinning force densities (F
p) were obtained from J
c, and a non-scaling behavior was found in the normalized pinning force

f

p

[

F

p

/

F

p-max

]

versus the normalized field h[H/

H

c2

]. The peaks of pinning force shift from a high h to a low h with increasing temperature. Based on the vortex dynamics analysis, the peak shift was found to originate from the magnetization relaxation. The J
c and F
p at critical states free from the magnetic relaxation were regained. According to the Dew-Hughes model, the dominant pinning type in Fe

1
+
y

Te0.6Se0.4 clean single crystals was confirmed to be normal point pinning.
A methodological approach for the optimal design of the toroidal field coils of a tokamak device using artificial intelligence
Authors: Tomassetti Giordano , de Marzi Gianluca , Fiamozzi Zignani Chiarasole , Giorgetti Francesco , Della Corte Antonio 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
As prototypes of future commercial tokamaks, DEMOs nuclear fusion power plants are expected to be able to produce cost-effective electrical power. In this view, an optimized design becomes crucial in the whole engineering workflow. Up to now, the design of one of the most critical components, the cross-section of each of the toroidal field coils inner leg winding pack, was performed using a sequential trial-and-error procedure. In this work, a novel comprehensive approach is proposed to include all the main design aspects into a unified tool taking advantage of artificial neural networks for faster computation in finding optimal design configurations. This procedure overcomes several difficulties including dealing with both real-valued and discrete design variables, the significant CPU-time of magneto-structural analysis and also guarantees the optimality for the winding pack configuration. The proposed methodology was demonstrated for the 2019 ENEA DEMO configuration which includes 16 toroidal field coils, made-up of 6 Nb3Sn double layers and a Wind and React manufacturing technique.
Screening current induced field characteristics of HTS quasi-isotropic and simply stacked strands in alternating magnetic field
Authors: Liu Yating , Wang Yinshun , Zhang Guangyi , Chen Yuheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The screening current induced field (SCIF) in the flat REBCO coated conductors so called the second generation high temperature superconducting tapes cause undesirable effects in multiple applications. Their existence reduces the spatial uniformity and temporal stability of magnetic fields for applications of superconducting magnets. In this paper, we numerically and experimentally investigate the characterization of the screening current and SCIF of quasi-isotropic strand (Q-IS) and simply stacked strand (SSS) under external alternating magnetic field with various amplitudes, orientations, and excitation rates. The two-dimensional finite element method based on
T-A
formulation is adopted for simulation, the Q-IS and SSS samples are fabricated for experiments. The field angle is in the range of 0°–90° at intervals of 15°, the excitation rate varies from 20 mT s−1 to 800 mT s−1. We display the distribution of screening current in both strands under various field amplitudes and orientations. Then the dependence of the SCIF on the amplitude and orientation of the external field is studied, respectively. The spatial distribution of SCIF of both strands with different amplitudes and angles of the external field are also discussed. Besides, we analyze the properties of SCIF under various excitation rates. As a result, the SCIF of Q-IS is much smaller and has quasi-isotropic distribution compared to SSS, which represents that Q-IS has a relative smaller screening effect. The spatial point with the largest SCIF of Q-IS locates at the corner of the strand and is independent of the external field, but the corresponding point in SSS varies with the angle and amplitude. The Q-IS is also less susceptible to the change of rate. Therefore, Q-IS has more advantages when the screening effect is considered in superconducting applications.
Quantification of hydrogen isotopes by CF-LIBS in a W-based material (WZr) at atmospheric pressure: from ns towards ps
Authors: Roldán A Marín , Dwivedi V , Veis M , Atikukke S , van der Meiden H , Držík M , Veis P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Tungsten-based materials are possible candidates as PFCs in future fusion devices. LIBS is one of the most suitable techniques for monitoring erosion and deposition processes including fuel retention, due to its versatility and ability to perform in situ measurements. By deploying ps-LIBS, instead of ns, the laser ablation occurs with fewer melting effects. This work compares ns- and ps- (CF)-LIBS characterization of WZr(D) samples, at the linear plasma generator at Magnum-PSI at the DIFFER. The laser energy has been optimized for both laser regimes, lowering the laser energy for the ns regime (from 19.9 mJ pulse−1 to 7.4 mJ pulse−1) to approximate to ps regime (0.3 mJ pulse−1). All the experimental measurements have been performed at Patm. The pure WZr samples have been analyzed in ambient air, while the WZrD sample measurements have been performed under Ar gas flow. The retained deuterium content varies from 4 at% to 0.3 at%.
Heavy-tailed distributions in a stochastic gene autoregulation model
Authors: Bokes Pavol 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Synthesis of gene products in bursts of multiple molecular copies is an important source of gene expression variability. This paper studies large deviations in a Markovian drift-jump process that combines exponentially distributed bursts with deterministic degradation. Large deviations occur as a cumulative effect of many bursts (as in diffusion) or, if the model includes negative feedback in burst size, in a single big jump. The latter possibility requires a modification in the WKB solution in the tail region. The main result of the paper is the construction, via a modified WKB scheme, of matched asymptotic approximations to the stationary distribution of the drift-jump process. The stationary distribution possesses a heavier tail than predicted by a routine application of the scheme.