bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strain Rate and Temperature Effects in Nanoindentation Testing on Hardness in Selective Laser Melting IN718
Authors: Abo Znemah Reem , Voyiadjis George Z. , Wood Paul , Akbari Edris 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe microstructure and mechanical hardness of Inconel 718 (INC718) hexagonal honeycomb cellular structure manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) was studied in this work. Non-heat-treated SLM-produced samples with cell wall thicknesses of 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 mm were studied. The hardness was measured using MTS Nanoindenter at different temperatures and strain rates. At room temperature, continuous hardness measurements through a penetration depth of 2 µm using three different strain rates (0.02, 0.05, and 0.08 s−1) were performed. At the temperatures 100 and 200 °C, single hardness measurements at eight different maximum loads were performed. Using scanning ion microscopy (SIM), the grain size was found to change significantly as the cell wall thickness reduced from 0.6 mm to 0.4 mm compared to the change from 0.8 mm to 0.6 mm. A similar trend in mechanical hardness reduction was observed in the three samples. The microstructure, hardness, and strain rate sensitivity displayed anisotropy in properties between the planes parallel and perpendicular to the build direction. A model describing the temperature, strain rate, and indentation size effects on hardness developed by the second author was modified and used to evaluate the intrinsic material length scale used in gradient plasticity theory.
A Bayesian Optimized Discriminant Analysis Model for Condition Monitoring of Face Milling Cutter Using Vibration Datasets
Authors: Bajaj Naman S. , Patange Abhishek D. , Jegadeeshwaran R. , Kulkarni Kaushal A. , Ghatpande Rohan S. , Kapadnis Atharva M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
With the advent of industry 4.0, which conceptualizes self-monitoring of rotating machine parts by adopting techniques like data analytics, cloud computing, Internet of things, machine learning (ML), and artificial intelligence. The significant research area in predictive maintenance is tool condition monitoring (TCM) as the tool condition affects the overall machining process and its economics. Lately, machine learning techniques are being used to classify the tool’s condition in operation. These techniques are cost saving and help industries with adopting future-proof solutions for their operations. One such technique called discriminant analysis (DA) must be examined particularly for TCM. Owing to its less-expensive computation and shorter run times, using them in TCM will ensure the effective use of the cutting tool and reduce maintenance times. This article presents a Bayesian optimized discriminant analysis model to classify and monitor the tool condition into three user-defined classes. The data are collected using an in-house designed and developed data acquisition (DAQ) module setup on a Vertical Machining Center (VMC). The hyperparameter tuning has been incorporated using Bayesian optimization search, and the parameter that gives the best model was found out to be “linear,” achieving an accuracy of 93.3%. This study confirms the feasibility of machine learning techniques like DA in the field of TCM and using Bayesian optimization algorithms to fine-tune the model, making it industry ready.
Difference Between SFMR and SITMR Compensation for Hydrostatic Thrust Bearing
Authors: Sha Yuanpeng , Chen Shujiang , Lu Changhou , Pan Wei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Both flat and island type membranes are used in single-action membrane restrictors. But the difference between the single-action flat membrane restrictor (SFMR) and the single-action island type membrane restrictor (SITMR) has rarely been reported in the literature. In this study, we first compared the static and dynamic characteristics of SFMR and SITMR and found that there is a little difference between them when the difference between supply pressure ps and outlet pressure pr is not large. Then, we investigated the dynamic characteristics of hydrostatic thrust bearings using both SFMR and SITMR compensation and found SITMR having a better dynamic bearing performance. The reason for this phenomenon is that the mass of the membrane in SITMR is smaller than that of the membrane in SFMR. When the difference between supply pressure ps and outlet pressure pr becomes large, SFMR reduces the static flowrate of the lubricant of bearing systems more significantly than SITMR.
Gastric lymphoma at high risk of perforation successfully managed with chemotherapy alone
Authors: Pervez Mohammed Umar , Kumar Bhaskar , Martin-Cabrera Pedro , Collins Angela 
Published: July 2021

We report the case of a previously healthy 49-year-old woman who presented with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, which was found at laparotomy to be due to high-grade B cell gastric lymphoma. CT scans showed that this was partially adherent to the spleen, with erosion of the gastric wall and suggested impending perforation. Given the risk of perforation, further surgical intervention (gastrectomy and splenectomy) was considered; however, after multidisciplinary team discussion, we chose to offer chemotherapy and careful inpatient observation instead.Our patient made a full recovery with no perforation.The message from our experience and literature review is that medical management may lead to a more favourable outcome in gastric lymphoma than surgery, despite radiological appearances suggesting impending perforation. This approach avoids the risk of the lymphoma progressing at other anatomical sites secondary to delays in giving chemotherapy. If this approach is followed, the patient must be carefully monitored.
Increase in recruitment upon integration of trial into a clinical care pathway: an observational study
Authors: Yip Kay Por , Gompertz Simon , Snelson Catherine , Willson Jeremy , Madathil Shyam , Huq Syed SA , Rauf Farrukh , Salmon Natasha , Tengende Joyce , Tracey Julie , Cooper Brendan , Filby Kay , Ball Simon , Parekh Dhruv , Dosanjh Davinder P S 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionMany respiratory clinical trials fail to reach their recruitment target and this problem exacerbates existing funding issues. Integration of the clinical trial recruitment process into a clinical care pathway (CCP) may represent an effective way to significantly increase recruitment numbers.MethodsA respiratory support unit and a CCP for escalation of patients with severe COVID-19 were established on 11 January 2021. The recruitment process for the Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19 Therapy-Respiratory Support trial was integrated into the CCP on the same date. Recruitment data for the trial were collected before and after integration into the CCP.ResultsOn integration of the recruitment process into a CCP, there was a significant increase in recruitment numbers. Fifty patients were recruited over 266 days before this process occurred whereas 108 patients were recruited over 49 days after this process. There was a statistically significant increase in both the proportion of recruited patients relative to the number of COVID-19 hospital admissions (change from 2.8% to 9.1%, p<0.0001) and intensive therapy unit admissions (change from 17.8% to 50.2%, p<0.001) over the same period, showing that this increase in recruitment was independent of COVID-19 prevalence.DiscussionIntegrating the trial recruitment process into a CCP can significantly boost recruitment numbers. This represents an innovative model that can be used to maximise recruitment without impacting on the financial and labour costs associated with the running of a respiratory clinical trial.
Risk and impact of chronic cough in obese individuals from the general population
Authors: Landt Eskild Morten , Çolak Yunus , Nordestgaard Børge G , Lange Peter , Dahl Morten 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundObese individuals may be at higher risk of chronic cough. We investigated the risk and impact of chronic cough in obese individuals from the general population.MethodsWe recorded chronic cough, body mass index (BMI) and other related clinical conditions in 44 554 adults from the Copenhagen General Population Study. Individuals with asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were excluded (n=10 977). BMI was divided into: underweight (BMI <18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2), obese (30.0–34.9 kg/m2) and severely obese (≥35.0 kg/m2).ResultsAmong 33 577 adults from the general population, 27 829 (83%) were non-obese and 5748 (17%) were obese. Compared with individuals with normal weight, multivariable adjusted ORs for chronic cough risk were 1.4 (95% CI 1.2 to 1.6) in overweight, 1.9 (95% CI 1.7 to 2.2) in obese and 2.6 (95% CI 2.1 to 3.2) in severely obese individuals. Mediation analyses showed that chronic cough due to obesity was up to 23% mediated by gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Other mediators included low vegetable intake with 10% and occupational exposure with 8%. Among obese individuals, those with versus without chronic cough had worse accompanying respiratory symptoms, more often comorbidities including GERD and diabetes, greater healthcare utilisations, lower lung function and higher blood inflammation (all p<0.05).ConclusionThere is dose–response relationship between BMI and chronic cough, and chronic cough risk is twofold to threefold higher in obese individuals from the general population. This increased risk was partly mediated by GERD, low vegetable intake and occupational exposure, supporting that there may be benefit to gain by ameliorating some of these factors in obese individuals with chronic cough.
Short-lived alkaline magmatism related to the Réunion plume in the Deccan Large Igneous Province: inferences from petrology,
40
Ar/
39
Ar geochronology and palaeomagnetism of lamprophyre from the Sarnu-Dandali Alkaline Igneous Complex
Authors: Dongre Ashish , Dhote P. S. , Zamarkar P. , Sangode S. J. , Belyanin G. , Meshram D. C. , Patil S. K. , Karmakar Aaheri , Jain Lokant 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Available geochronological information on Deccan indicates prolonged (started at 68.5 Ma) alkaline magmatism related to the Réunion mantle plume based on the
40
Ar/
39
Ar ages from Sarnu-Dandali and Mundwara alkaline complexes. We studied in detail an alkaline lamprophyre, from the Sarnu-Dandali Complex, rich in groundmass (magmatic) as well as xenocrystic phlogopites and clinopyroxenes.
40
Ar/
39
Ar age determinations of the phlogopites from this lamprophyre reveal two distinct ages of 65.44 ± 1.5 Ma and 68.17 ± 1 Ma. However, palaeomagnetic results show a VGP at 32.31° N and 298.52° E concordant with that of the Deccan Super Pole at 65.5 Ma and support the younger eruption age at
c.
65.44 ± 1.5 Ma. Analysed phlogopites lack any signs of retention of excess radiogenic Ar and yield similar inverse isochron ages, which suggests that the older age of
c.
68.17 ± 1 Ma belongs to the crystallization of xenocrystic phlogopite during mantle metasomatism. Trace element compositions support derivation of lamprophyre magma from an OIB-type enriched (metasomatized) mantle source with an involvement of phlogopite.

This finding suggests that the pre-Deccan ages of
c.
68–69 Ma reported previously may reflect the timing of metasomatism of the subcratonic lithospheric mantle during the separation of Greater-Seychelles from India at
c.
68.5 Ma. The absence of pre-Deccan alkaline rocks therefore indicates the short duration (between 67–65 Ma) of alkaline as well as small-volume, volatile-rich magmatism directly related to the Réunion (Deccan) plume.
Predictive Immune-Checkpoint Blockade Classifiers Identify Tumors Responding to Inhibition of PD-1 and/or CTLA-4
Authors: Krijgsman Oscar , Kemper Kristel , Boshuizen Julia , Vredevoogd David W. , Rozeman Elisa A. , Ibanez Molero Sofia , de Bruijn Beaunelle , Cornelissen-Steijger Paulien , Shahrabi Aida , Del Castillo Velasco-Herrera Martin , Song Ji-Ying , Ligtenberg Maarten A. , Kluin Roelof J.C. , Kuilman Thomas , Ross-Macdonald Petra , Haanen John B.A.G. , Adams David J. , Blank Christian U. , Peeper Daniel S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPurpose:Combining anti–PD-1 + anti–CTLA-4 immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) shows improved patient benefit, but it is associated with severe immune-related adverse events and exceedingly high cost. Therefore, there is a dire need to predict which patients respond to monotherapy and which require combination ICB treatment.Experimental Design:In patient-derived melanoma xenografts (PDX), human tumor microenvironment (TME) cells were swiftly replaced by murine cells upon transplantation. Using our XenofilteR deconvolution algorithm we curated human tumor cell RNA reads, which were subsequently subtracted in silico from bulk (tumor cell + TME) patients' melanoma RNA. This produced a purely tumor cell–intrinsic signature (“InTumor”) and a signature comprising tumor cell–extrinsic RNA reads (“ExTumor”).Results:We show that whereas the InTumor signature predicts response to anti–PD-1, the ExTumor predicts anti–CTLA-4 benefit. In PDX, InTumorLO, but not InTumorHI, tumors are effectively eliminated by cytotoxic T cells. When used in conjunction, the InTumor and ExTumor signatures identify not only patients who have a substantially higher chance of responding to combination treatment than to either monotherapy, but also those who are likely to benefit little from anti–CTLA-4 on top of anti–PD-1.Conclusions:These signatures may be exploited to distinguish melanoma patients who need combination ICB blockade from those who likely benefit from either monotherapy.
Role of B Cells in Responses to Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy and Overall Survival of Cancer Patients
Authors: Kim Sangwoo S. , Sumner Whitney A. , Miyauchi Sayuri , Cohen Ezra E.W. , Califano Joseph A. , Sharabi Andrew B. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe role of B cells in the tumor microenvironment and B-cell–mediated antitumor immune responses remains relatively understudied. Recent seminal studies have discovered that B cells and associated tertiary lymphoid structures correlate with responses to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy and are prognostic for overall survival of cancer patients. B-cell subsets have remarkable functional diversity and include professional antigen-presenting cells, regulatory cells, memory populations, and antibody-producing plasma cells. Importantly, secreted antibodies can independently activate innate immune responses and induce the cancer immunity cycle. Thus, B cells and B-cell–mediated antibody responses comprise the largely underappreciated second arm of the adaptive immune system and certainly deserve further attention in the field of oncology. Here, we review the known functions of B cells in the tumor microenvironment, the contribution of B cells to the antitumor activity of immunotherapies, and the role of B cells in the overall survival of cancer patients.
Burden of Cardiomyopathic Genetic Variation in Lethal Pediatric Myocarditis
Authors: Kontorovich Amy R. , Tang Yingying , Patel Nihir , Georgievskaya Zhanna , Shadrina Mariya , Williams Nori , Moscati Arden , Peter Inga , Itan Yuval , Sampson Barbara , Gelb Bruce D. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Acute myocarditis (AM) is a well-known cause of sudden death and heart failure, often caused by prevalent viruses. We previously showed that some pediatric AM correlates with putatively damaging variants in genes related to cardiomyocyte structure and function. We sought to evaluate whether deleterious cardiomyopathic variants were enriched among fatal pediatric AM cases in New York City compared with ancestry-matched controls.

Methods:
Twenty-four children (aged 3 weeks to 20 years) with death due to AM were identified through autopsy records; histologies were reviewed to confirm that all cases met Dallas criteria for AM and targeted panel sequencing of 57 cardiomyopathic genes was performed. Controls without cardiovascular disease were identified from a pediatric database and matched by genetic ancestry to cases using principal components from exome sequencing. Rates of putative deleterious variations (DV) were compared between cases and controls. Where available, AM tissues underwent viral analysis by polymerase chain reaction.

Results:

DV were identified in 4 of 24 AM cases (16.7%), compared with 2 of 96 age and ancestry-matched controls (2.1%,
P
=0.014). Viral causes were proven for 6 of 8 AM cases (75%), including the one DV+ case where tissue was available for testing. DV+ cases were more likely to be female, have no evidence of chronic inflammation, and associate with sudden cardiac death than DV− cases.

Conclusions:
Deleterious variants in genes related to cardiomyocyte integrity are more common in children with fatal AM than controls, likely conferring susceptibility. Additionally, genetically mediated AM may progress more rapidly and be more severe.
Liver X Receptor Agonist AZ876 Induces Beneficial Endogenous Cardiac Lipid Reprogramming and Protects Against Isoproterenol‐Induced Cardiac Damage
Authors: Ritter Daniel , Goeritzer Madeleine , Thiele Arne , Blumrich Annelie , Beyhoff Niklas , Luettges Katja , Smeir Elia , Kasch Juliane , Grune Jana , Müller Oliver J. , Klopfleisch Robert , Jaeger Carsten , Foryst‐Ludwig Anna , Kintscher Ulrich 
Published: July 2021

Background
It is known that dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids may improve cardiac function. However, relatively high daily doses are required to achieve sufficient cardiac concentrations of beneficial omega‐3 fatty acids. The liver X receptor (LXR) is a nuclear hormone receptor and a crucial regulator of lipid homeostasis in mammals. LXR activation has been shown to endogenously reprogram cellular lipid profiles toward increased polyunsaturated fatty acids levels. Here we studied whether LXR lipid reprogramming occurs in cardiac tissue and exerts cardioprotective actions.

Methods and Results
Male 129SV mice were treated with the LXR agonist AZ876 (20 µmol/kg per day) for 11 days. From day 6, the mice were injected with the nonselective β‐agonist isoproterenol for 4 consecutive days to induce diastolic dysfunction and subendocardial fibrosis while maintaining systolic function. Treatment with isoproterenol led to a marked impairment of global longitudinal strain and the E/e' ratio of transmitral flow to mitral annular velocity, which were both significantly improved by the LXR agonist. Histological examination showed a significant reduction in isoproterenol‐induced subendocardial fibrosis by AZ876. Analysis of the cardiac lipid composition by liquid chromatography‐high resolution mass spectrometry revealed a significant increase in cardiac polyunsaturated fatty acids levels and a significant reduction in saturated fatty acids by AZ876.

Conclusions
The present study provides evidence that the LXR agonist AZ876 prevents subendocardial damage, improves global longitudinal strain and E/e' in a mouse model of isoproterenol‐induced cardiac damage, accompanied by an upregulation of cardiac polyunsaturated fatty acids levels. Cardiac LXR activation and beneficial endogenous cardiac lipid reprogramming may provide a new therapeutic strategy in cardiac disease with diastolic dysfunction.
The phylogenetic position of the enigmatic Assam day gecko Cnemaspis cf. assamensis (Squamata: Gekkonidae) demonstrates a novel biogeographic connection between Northeast India and south India-Sri Lanka
Authors: Agarwal Ishan , Kamei Rachunliu G. , Mahony Stephen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Northeast Indian biodiversity has long been considered to have a stronger affinity to Southeast Asian rather than Peninsular Indian fauna, however, few molecular phylogenetic studies have explored this hypothesis. In Asia, the polyphyletic gekkonid genus Cnemaspis sensu lato is comprised of two distantly related groups; one primarily from South Asia with some members in Southeast Asia, and the other exclusively from Southeast Asia. Cnemaspis assamensis is a systematically obscure and geographically isolated species (>1400 km from its nearest congeners) from the Brahmaputra River Valley in Northeast India. We provide the first molecular phylogenetic assessment of this species based on a partial ND2 gene fragment. Cnemaspis assamensis is determined to be a deeply divergent (Oligocene) member of the South Asian radiation and is sister to the podihuna clade which is endemic to Sri Lanka. The biogeographic implications of this find are discussed and this is suspected to represent a rare example of true disjunction between the wet zones of Northeast India and southern India/Sri Lanka. These results further emphasise the importance of Northeast India as a refuge for unique ancient faunal lineages.
Kafka’s “Frightened Mouse”
Authors: Snir Reuven 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Existentialist doctrine and neo-Sufi Arabic poetry share the conviction of the worthlessness of human existence – strangeness, alienation, wondering about the meaning and purpose of life, and deep depression after the tragic nature of human existence are imprinted on the character of man by the very nature of his humanness. Two short literary texts, one by the Austrian novelist Franz Kafka (1883–1924) and the other by the Egyptian poet Ṣalāḥ ʿAbd al-Ṣabūr (1931–1981), deal with such topics of the human existence presenting a new original vision. A mouse is the central figure of both of them. Despite the worthlessness of human existence, both texts offer some kind of hope and spiritual quest, a salvation in which death could be the gate to true life.
Exploration of interventions to enhance return-to-work for cancer patients: A scoping review
Authors: Guo Yu-Jie , Tang Jue , Li Jia-Mei , Zhu Ling-Li , Xu Jia-Shuo 
Published: July 2021

Objective: With the increasing incidence and earlier onset of cancer, more and more cancer patients are facing the problems of return-to-work. This review is to explore the types, contents, and results of return-to-work interventions for cancer patients. Methods: This scoping review followed Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and PRISMA-ScR List. Three Chinese databases and five English databases were searched from the establishment of databases to 31 March, 2021. Article selection and data extraction were conducted by two researchers. Results: Thirty-two studies and 1916 cancer patients with mainly breast and gastrointestinal cancer were included. According to the contents, interventions could be divided into four types: (1) physical interventions ( n = 6), including high-intensity exercise, low-to-moderate intensity exercise, yoga, and upper limb functional training, (2) psychological interventions ( n = 2), including early active individualized psychosocial support and mindfulness-based recovery, (3) vocational interventions ( n = 14), including making work plans, educational leaflets, vocational consultations, electronic health intervention, and interventions targeting at employers, (4) multidisciplinary interventions ( n = 10), including any combination of above interventions. Physical exercises, making working plans, vocational consultations, educational leaflets, two combinations of vocational and physical interventions were validated to have positive results in enhancing cancer patients’ return-to-work. Conclusions: Return-to-work interventions for cancer patients are diversified and can be divided into physical, psychological, vocational, and multidisciplinary interventions. Medical staffs can utilize physical exercises, making working plans, vocational consultation, educational leaflets, combinations of vocational and physical interventions to enhance cancer patients’ return-to-work. Other interventions still need to be developed and validated.