bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wood‐like boards obtained from the recycling of rigid and flexible multilayer food packaging
Authors: Morales Federico , Costantino Maria Alejandra , Rodriguez Exequiel Santos , Pettarin Valeria 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNowadays, there is a growing concern about the damage caused by waste in the environment, which implies the generation of new processes and habits to contribute to a circular economy. This work explores a new alternative for the recycling of rigid and flexible containers without losing their structure of multilayer composites, which could be an advantage when used as boards or agglomerates. Then, the manufacturing process of recycled plates obtained from multilaminate containers is detailed. The idea lies in the combined use of two packaging with LDPE external layers, then being compatible without destroying the multilayer structure, to obtain wood‐like panels. Obtained composite boards are characterized in terms of moisture absorption, thermal conductivity and mechanical behavior, and properties compared with commercially available particleboards (LDF and MDF). The influence of the number of flexible containers in boards' performance was analyzed. The optimum processing temperature and pressure were also determined. Based on obtained results, it can be concluded that obtained boards have mechanical and moisture‐absorbing properties comparable to those of commercial particleboards, with greater resistance to environmental influences. Then, composite boards made from multilaminate containers are a promising and sustainable alternative for the construction and interior design industry. It is noticeable that this form of recycling has great advantages: it requires only a few steps, no solvents or water are used after washing and no sophisticated equipment is needed.Highlights
Recycled multilaminate containers yield boards with competitive mechanical properties.
Innovative process preserves multilayer structure for wood‐like panels.
Optimized temperature and pressure parameters ensure board integrity.
Superior moisture resistance compared with standard particleboards.
Simple, solvent‐free method requires minimal equipment for production.
Facial functionalization carbon fiber with MnO2 nanosheets for high‐performance epoxy composites with excellent flame retardancy and mechanical properties
Authors: Zhao Min , Guo Nan , Wang Kangbo , Qu Qing , Zhang Qi , Wang Caifeng , Xin Hua 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe carbon fiber (CF) reinforced epoxy composites possess exceptional and distinctive properties as advanced composite materials. However, the flammability of epoxy resin and inadequate interfacial bonding between the resin and CF often impose limitations on their broader application. Herein, in order to enhance the flame retardancy of EP composites effectively, a hierarchical reinforcement was developed by facilely growing MnO2 nanosheets onto CF surface through an in situ process. Owing to their synergistic effects of physical barrier and chemical catalytic behavior, the presence of MnO2 nanosheets can effectively retard the combustion process by facilitating charring formation and suppressing heat and smoke release. Specifically, compared to the Untreated CF, the modified fiber reinforced composites exhibited significantly improved fire safety with reduction of 76.23%, 51.5% and 23.1% in peak heat release rate, total heat release and peak smoke production rate, respectively. Additionally, incorporating MnO2 nanosheets significantly enhanced mechanical properties of the composites, leading to remarkable enhancements of 41.8% in flexural strength and 28.14% in interlaminar shear strength. This study proposes an effective strategy for achieving outstanding flame retardancy and mechanical performance, thereby introducing an innovative concept for the production of high‐performance CF reinforced polymer composites.Highlights
Growth of MnO2 nanoparticles enhanced the mechanical properties of the CF/EP composites.
The CF‐MnO2/EP composites showed excellent flame retardancy.
The flame retardant mechanism of CF‐MnO2/EP composites were analyzed.
Highlight the potential application of MnO2 in the field of flame retardancy.
Structural analysis of variable‐stiffness composite tubes produced by filament winding under radial compression and holes influence
Authors: Gerhardt Eduardo , Tonatto Maikson L. P. , Amico Sandro C. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA structural analysis of variable‐stiffness polymer composite tubes, produced by variable‐angle filament winding process, and subjected to radial compression testing is presented. The work methodology involves the comparison between constant‐angle and variable‐angle composite tubes, including transverse holes and stress concentration effects. A numerical procedure, coupling a finite element structural analysis with an optimization algorithm routine, was developed and performed to generate comparative composite tube designs with maximized strain energy. Results showed that for variable‐angle tube design the initial radial stiffness, maximum force, and strain energy, were improved. For the investigated case, the variable‐angle tube design with holes notably presented an initial radial stiffness improvement, 45.4% higher than the constant‐angle tube without holes. Reached an almost full maximum force recovery, only 3% lower than a constant‐angle tube design solution without holes. In addition, it showed a strain energy c.a. 13% better than the constant‐angle design with holes solution. The observed results highlight special features promoted by the variable‐angle manufacturing strategy, which allow the exploitation of different structural behaviors according to specific requirements.Highlights
Mechanical analysis of variable‐stiffness composite tube with holes under radial compression.
Numerical procedure for composite tube design definition and analysis.
Presents a variable‐angle composite tube manufactured by filament winding.
Mechanical response comparison between constant‐stiffness and variable‐stiffness composite tubes.
Enhancement of structural performance with the proposed composite tube design.
Boron‐Doped Polysilicon Passivating Contacts Achieving a Single‐Sided J0 of 4.0 fA/cm2 Through a Two‐Step Oxidation Process
Authors: Ou Yali , Du Haojiang , Lin Na , Liu Zunke , Liu Wei , Liao Mingdun , Yang Zhenhai , Huang Shihua , Zeng Yuheng , Ye Jichun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTTunnel oxide passivating contacts with boron‐doped polysilicon (i.e., p‐type TOPCon) hold substantial potential for application in the devices with higher efficiency, that is, back‐junction (BJ) or all‐back‐contact (BC) solar cells. However, achieving excellent passivation for p‐type TOPCon remains a challenge. In this study, we propose a two‐step oxidation (TSO) method using low‐temperature oxidated silicon oxide (SiOx) with a post‐nitrous oxide/hydrogen plasma (N2O/H2) treatment to prepare high‐quality ultrathin SiOx and achieve highly passivated p‐type TOPCon. Through optimization of plasma treatment pressure and annealing conditions, we achieve excellent passivation and contact properties of double‐sided p‐type TOPCon, with an implied open‐circuit voltage (iVoc) of 740 mV, marking the highest publicly reported value for p‐type TOPCon. Additionally, we achieve a single‐sided saturation recombination current density (J0,s) of 4.0 fA/cm2 and a contact resistivity of 22 mΩ cm2. Semi‐finished back‐junction solar cell incorporating TSO‐SiOx exhibits excellent passivation performance with an iVoc of 744 mV, demonstrating the feasibility of device applications. The two‐step oxidation method proposed in this work enhances the passivation performance of p‐type TOPCon, offering a technique with significant potential for industrial applications in preparing high‐quality p‐type TOPCon.
Population Proteomics: A Tool to Gain Insights Into the Inflamed Periodontium
Authors: Reckelkamm Stefan Lars , Baumeister Sebastian‐Edgar , Hagenfeld Daniel , Alayash Zoheir , Nolde Michael 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPeriodontitis, characterized by inflammatory loss of tooth‐supporting tissues associated with biofilm, is among the most prevalent chronic diseases globally, affecting approximately 50% of the adult population to a moderate extent and cases of severe periodontitis surpassing the one billion mark. Proteomics analyses of blood, serum, and oral fluids have provided valuable insights into the complex processes occurring in the inflamed periodontium. However, until now, proteome analyses have been primarily limited to small groups of diseased versus healthy individuals. The emergence of population‐scale analysis of proteomic data offers opportunities to uncover disease‐associated pathways, identify potential drug targets, and discover biomarkers. In this review, we will explore the applications of proteomics in population‐based studies and discuss the advancements it brings to our understanding of periodontal inflammation. Additionally, we highlight the challenges posed by currently available data and offer perspectives for future applications in periodontal research. This review aims to explain the ongoing efforts in leveraging proteomics for elucidating the complexities of periodontal diseases and paving the way for clinical strategies.
Structural Insights Into the Impact of the Glycine‐Rich Loop Mutation in Noonan Syndrome on the ATP Binding Pocket of CRAF Kinase
Authors: Janati‐Fard Fatemeh , Housaindokht Mohammad R. , Moosavi Fatemeh , Nakhaei‐Rad Saeideh 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThe pathogenic G361A variant of CRAF, associated with increased intrinsic kinase activity in Noonan syndrome (NS), remains poorly understood in terms of its molecular and structural impact on kinase activity. To elucidate the mechanistic implications of the glycine to alanine substitution at residue 361 in CRAF, we employed molecular dynamics simulations. Our findings reveal that this mutation predominantly affects the ATP binding pocket and critical intermolecular interactions within the active cleft that favors the phosphate transfer reaction. Notably, our data highlight significant alterations in key interactions involving Lys470/Asp486 and ATP.Mg2+ in CRAFG361A that are absent in wild‐type CRAF. Additionally, we identified a novel interaction mode between Lys431 and γ‐phosphate in wild‐type CRAF, a residue evolutionarily conserved in CRAFs but not in related kinases such as BRAF, ARAF, and KSR1/2. Furthermore, observed shifts in the αC‐helix and G‐loop relative to the wild‐type correlate with an enlarged ATP‐binding cavity in the mutant, reflecting structural adaptations due to these mutations. Overall, these structural insights underscore the elevated intrinsic kinase activity of the CRAFG361A variant and provide crucial mechanistic details that could inform the development of specific inhibitors targeting this variant.
Study on the Preparation of Hollow Silica Nanospheres and Their Heat Retention and Hydrophobicity in Paperboard Coatings
Authors: Fang Yingdawei , Chen Jinghua , Lin Chenlu , Sun Haolin , Chen Yuheng 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study developed hydrophobic hollow silica nanospheres and incorporated them into bio‐based coatings. These coatings were subsequently applied to the surface of E‐flute corrugated paperboard to create functional paperboard suitable for food heat retention packaging. Hollow silica nanospheres with a diameter of approximately 350 nm were prepared using a selective etching method, with methyl groups grafted onto their surface to impart hydrophobicity. An in‐depth performance analysis was then conducted to assess their microstructure, surface groups and specific surface area characteristics. To explore the effects of hydrophobic hollow silica nanospheres on paper‐based materials, they were incorporated into bio‐based coatings and applied to paper substrates. When the thickness of the CGDM coating (the bio‐based coating containing hydrophobic hollow silica nanospheres) was 10 μm, the water contact angle of the functional paperboard was measured to be 132.8°, indicating that the coating surface exhibited hydrophobicity. A thermal conductivity analysis of samples with varying coating thicknesses and compositions revealed that increasing the coating thickness helped reduce the thermal conductivity of paper‐based materials. Among the samples, CGDM@P (the bio‐based coated functional paperboard containing hydrophobic hollow silica nanospheres) demonstrated optimal heat retention performance across different coating thicknesses. The hydrophobic hollow silica nanospheres developed in this study address the limitations of paper‐based materials in terms of heat retention and hydrophobicity, thereby enhancing their potential for use in food packaging applications.
The Site of Protonation Affects the Dissociation of Protonated α‐ and β‐Pinene Ions
Authors: Buenger Edgar White , Mayer Paul M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRationaleIn electrospray ionization and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization, the protonation site directly guides the ion's dissociation. But what if the site of protonation is ambiguous? In this study, we explored the unimolecular reactions of protonated α‐ and β‐pinene ions with a combination of tandem mass spectrometry and theory. Each has multiple potential protonation sites that influence their chemistry.MethodsAtmospheric pressure chemical ionization was employed to form the protonated pinene isomers. The unimolecular chemistry of these ions was explored with a Waters Ultima triple‐quadrupole mass spectrometer using energy‐resolved collision‐induced dissociation with argon collision gas. Reaction mechanisms were calculated with CBS‐QB3 single‐point energy calculations on B3LYP/6‐311+G(d,p) optimized structures.ResultsThe two main dissociation reactions in each ion lead to the loss of neutral propene and isobutene. Both ions were found to dissociate over the same minimum energy reaction pathway, the only difference being the site of initial protonation. α‐Pinene preferentially protonates at the bridging carbon, while β‐pinene can only significantly protonate at the exocyclic double bond. This leads to a lower appearance energy for loss of isobutene, and thus relatively greater m/z 81 fragment ion abundance for β‐pinene.ConclusionsThe distinct sites of initial protonation result in the subtle differences observed in the CID of α‐ and β‐pinene. The work highlights that it is not necessarily the “lowest energy” ion that will be formed in the ion source, and any distribution of initial structures must be accounted for when examining CID mass spectra.
Flexible Linker Spacer Length Modulation in Cd‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks: Impact on Polarity and Sequestration Abilities
Authors: Bhambri Himanshi , Gogia Alisha , Mandal Sanjay K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe heightening concerns over an outbreak of hazardous radioiodine from nuclear waste and carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels have restricted access to clean water and air. In this work, three Cd‐MOFs (1‐3) are self‐assembled under environment‐friendly conditions using i) a polypyridyl linker spanned by a flexible poly(methylene) spacer, and ii) a bent dicarboxylate linker. With a change in the length of the flexible methylene spacer, the dimensionality of the MOFs is tuned between 3D (1) and 2D (2 and 3). The microscopic images reveal that 1 displays larger particle sizes and a more pronounced morphology compared to 2 and 3. These MOFs show high thermal stability (up to 300 °C) and wettability. A controlled polar feature of 1‐3 is utilized to achieve a high uptake capacity of iodine (I2 or I3−) from water bodies (2.46–2.37 g g−1) and vapor (3.31–2.65 g g−1). With remarkable CO2 uptake by 1‐3, the sorbate CO2 is further fixated into market‐value products in quantitative conversions and atom economy under room temperature and solvent‐free conditions. A comprehensive theoretical support is provided by configurational biased Monte Carlo (CBMC) simulations to reveal the exact locale and binding energies of the sorbates (I2, CO2, and epoxide) toward these MOFs.
Synchronous Regulation of Ferroelectric and Spin Polarization for High‐Efficiency Photocatalytic Water Splitting
Authors: Xiong Renzhi , Liu Fangde , Sun Yiting , Wu Yuhao , Xiao Yanhe , Cheng Baochang , Lei Shuijin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEnhancing the ferroelectric polarization field and tuning the electron spin polarization as novel approaches to improve photocatalytic performance have sparked considerable research interest. Obviously, a straightforward strategy to simultaneously regulate ferroelectric and spin polarization will have a very attractive application prospect. In this study, a series of Bi4NbO8Cl‐Ni photocatalysts are synthesized by doping different concentrations of magnetic element Ni into ferroelectric semiconductor Bi4NbO8Cl. Due to the significant difference in atomic radius, Ni doping induces greater structural distortion and enhances the deviation of positive and negative charge centers in the crystal, thereby resulting in a stronger ferroelectric polarization field. Moreover, spin polarization is induced in the electrons, and photogenerated carriers exhibit higher spatial separation efficiency under magnetic field. Thanks to the synchronous regulation of ferroelectric and spin polarization by Ni doping, the average rates of H2 and O2 production from photocatalytic water splitting over Bi4NbO8Cl‐Ni under visible light are 342.6 and 207.1 µmol g−1 h−1, respectively, which are 10.6 and 2.7 times those of pure Bi4NbO8Cl. Notably, under an applied magnetic field of 300 mT, the average production rates are further promoted up to 616.7 and 331.4 µmol g−1 h−1. This study offers a novel strategy to significantly improve photocatalytic performance.
Toward Understanding Temperature and Bias Instabilities of Anti‐ambipolar Transistors via Low‐Frequency Noise Spectroscopy
Authors: Song Jaechan , Han Youngmin , Koo Ryun‐Han , Seo Junghye , Yoo Hocheon , Shin Wonjun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAnti‐ambipolar transistors (AATs) featuring heterojunctions of n‐ and p‐type semiconductors have garnered significant research interest owing to their unique electrical characteristics. With the nonlinear current response, AATs hold great promise for a wide range of next‐generation electronic applications, further enhancing advanced logic and in‐memory computing functionality. However, the seamless integration of AATs into these applications hinges upon addressing their susceptibility to temperature and bias instabilities, a challenge that has yet to be systematically explored. Here, the origin of these instabilities is reported in AATs composed of indium‐gallium‐zinc oxide (IGZO) and dinaphtho[2,3‐b:2′,3′‐fjthieno[3,2‐b]thiophene (DNTT) through low‐frequency noise (LFN) spectroscopy. The findings reveal that the AATs exhibit a notable reduction in peak current with temperature instability and an abrupt decrease in drain current under applied DC bias. It is examined that these instabilities stem from defect‐related carrier transport mechanisms at the n/p heterojunction, evidenced by the observation of 1/f 4 noise. Furthermore, a comprehensive comparative analysis is provided of 1/f 4 noise behavior with and without the insertion of an insulative layer of AAT. This provides the microscopic origin of how the LFN generation mechanism changes the defect‐related carrier conduction at the interface and mitigates the bias and temperature instabilities.
Factors influencing the nature of client complaint behaviour in the aftermath of adverse events
Authors: Gibson Julie , White Kate , Mossop Liz , Brennan Marnie L. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundNegative veterinary client complaint behaviour poses wellbeing and reputational risks. Adverse events are one source of complaint. Identifying factors that influence adverse event‐related complaint behaviour is key to mitigating detrimental consequences and harnessing information that can be used to improve service quality, patient safety and business sustainability.MethodsInterviews were conducted with five veterinary client complainants and five veterinary client mediators. Qualitative content analysis of the transcripts was used to identify categories of capability, opportunity and motivation influencing client behaviour. One category of motivation identified focused on the desired outcomes of complainants. Two hundred and eighty resolved veterinary‒client mediation cases related to adverse events subsequently underwent content analysis to quantify these desired outcomes.ResultsClient complaint behaviour was motivated by clients’ emotional reactions, perceptions and beliefs and desire to achieve an outcome as a result, and was influenced by previous complaint experience, technological ability, self‐confidence and broader organisational and societal factors. Although financial redress was the most commonly identified desired outcome, apology, honesty, accountability and prevention of future events were valued.LimitationsSmall data sets and interpretative analyses limit the generalisability of the findings.ConclusionsProactively engaging clients in relation to adverse events is likely to reduce negative complaint behaviour and facilitate veterinary quality improvement.
A Case of Canine Sinonasal Aspergillus fumigatus Infection Associated With Intracranial Extension and Temporal Myositis
Authors: Cox Sarah E. , Cattaneo Giulia , Russell Oliver , McGregor Ombeline , Kortum Andre 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTA 12‐year‐old terrier was referred for investigation of a 4‐month history of coughing, sneezing and nasal discharge. Clinical findings were consistent with sinonasal Aspergillus fumigatus infection with evidence of intracranial extension on computed tomography. Endoscopic debridement followed by topical clotrimazole and systemic antifungal therapy resulted in clinical improvement. Magnetic resonance imaging after 4 weeks showed reduced intracranial disease but demonstrated evidence of temporal myositis. Repeated debridement and topical treatment were performed at 4 and 8 weeks in conjunction with long‐term voriconazole therapy. Further interventions were declined; the dog remains clinically well after 4 months with unilateral nasal discharge. As in human patients, invasive subtypes of sinonasal aspergillosis may also occur in dogs and be associated with poorer response to treatment.
Diskussion der Ergebnisse
Authors: Schlachter Sabrina 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungEs erfolgt sowohl eine inhaltliche als auch eine forschungsmethodische Diskussion der Ergebnisse. Bei der inhaltlichen Betrachtung werden Anschlüsse an Theorien und den Forschungsstand hergestellt, Hypothesen und offene Fragen formuliert sowie die Übertragbarkeit der entwickelten Theorie erörtert. Dabei werden die, in dieser Arbeit bearbeiteten, Themenbereiche jeweils zu den Ergebnissen in Beziehung gesetzt. Zuletzt werden alle Themenbereiche zusammengenommen auf ihren Antwortgehalt für die Forschungsfrage betrachtet. Bei der forschungsmethodischen Diskussion wird die Zusammenstellung des Samples diskutiert, die gewählten Methoden hinsichtlich ihrer Grenzen für diese Arbeit betrachtet und die Ergebnisse der Arbeit vor dem Hintergrund sicherheitsrelevanter Forschung diskutiert. Abschließen wird beschrieben, inwiefern die Gütekriterien der Grounded Theory Methodologie und der qualitativen Forschung berücksichtigt wurden.