bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Clinical Utility of A Comprehensive Psychosomatic Assessment in The Program for Colorectal Cancer Prevention: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gostoli Sara , Montecchiarini Maria , Urgese Alessia , Ferrara Francesco , Polifemo Anna Maria , Ceroni Liza , Gasparri Asia , Rafanelli Chiara , Cennamo Vincenzo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Few studies have investigated psychosocial characteristics and lifestyle behaviors of participants at programs for secondary prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed, through a comprehensive psychosomatic assessment based on clinimetric principles, to evaluate psychosocial characteristics and lifestyle behaviors in participants at CRC secondary prevention program, and to investigate the associations between these variables and endoscopic outcomes. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the first 150 consecutive asymptomatic participants at the CRC prevention program who resulted positive to fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and were thus referred to colonoscopy, underwent a psychosomatic assessment including psychiatric diagnoses (DSM-5), psychosomatic syndromes (DCPR-R), psychological distress (SQ), psychological well-being (PWB-I) and lifestyle behaviors. Results: Whereas only 5.3% of the sample showed at least one DSM-5 diagnosis, 51.3% showed at least one DCPR syndrome, such as allostatic overload, alexithymia, Type A behavior, and demoralization. Patients affected by psychosomatic syndromes presented with significantly higher psychological distress, lower psychological well-being and unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, such as tobacco smoking and unhealthy diet, in comparison with patients without DCPR syndromes. Among endoscopic outcomes, the presence of adenomas was significantly associated with DCPR irritable mood. Conclusions: In a clinical context of secondary prevention addressing asymptomatic patients with a positive FOBT, a comprehensive psychosomatic assessment may provide relevant clinical information for those patients who present certain psychosomatic syndromes associated with high psychological distress, impaired psychological well-being, unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and colorectal precancerous lesions. The results of the present study indicate a road to the practice of “preventive” medicine at CRC screening program.
Role of hippocampal location and radiation dose in glioblastoma patients with hippocampal atrophy
Authors: Fèvre Clara Le , Cheng Xue , Loit Marie-Pierre , Keller Audrey , Cebula Hélène , Antoni Delphine , Thiery Alicia , Constans Jean-Marc , Proust François , Noel Georges 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background The hippocampus is a critical organ for irradiation. Thus, we explored changes in hippocampal volume according to the dose delivered and the location relative to the glioblastoma.Methods All patients were treated for glioblastoma with surgery, concomitant radiotherapy and temozolomide, and adjuvant temozolomide. Hippocampi were retrospectively delineated on three MRIs, performed at baseline, at the time of relapse, and on the last MRI available at the end of follow-up. A total of 98, 96, and 82 hippocampi were measured in the 49 patients included in the study, respectively. The patients were stratified into three subgroups according to the dose delivered to 40% of the hippocampus. In the group 1 (n = 6), the hippocampal D40% was < 7.4 Gy, in the group 2 (n = 13), only the Hcontra D40% was < 7.4 Gy, and in the group 3 (n = 30), the D40% for both hippocampi was > 7.4 Gy.Results Regardless of the time of measurement, homolateral hippocampal volumes were significantly lower than those contralateral to the tumor. Regardless of the side, the volumes at the last MRI were significantly lower than those measured at baseline. There was a significant correlation among the decrease in hippocampal volume regardless of its side, and Dmax (p = 0.001), D98% (p = 0.028) and D40% (p = 0.0002). After adjustment for the time of MRI, these correlations remained significant. According to the D40% and volume at MRIlast, the hippocampi decreased by 4 mm3/Gy overall.Conclusions There was a significant relationship between the radiotherapy dose and decrease in hippocampal volume. However, at the lowest doses, the hippocampi seem to exhibit an adaptive increase in their volume, which could indicate a plasticity effect. Consequently, shielding at least one hippocampus by delivering the lowest possible dose is recommended so that cognitive function can be preserved.Trial registration: Retrospectively registered.
Influence of alkalinization over MIL-100(Fe) for enhanced VOCs adsorbents
Authors: Xie Xinyu , Thomas Joy , Chang Chang-Tang , Tao Hong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Substantial attempts have been undertaken for the improvement of the air quality over decades; and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from the chemical and textile industries are truly listed as severe issue to be controlled. To come up with modus operandi for this issue, a novel composite of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) MIL-100(Fe) with salient tuned features of natrite was designed by a green and facile method. Mineralized composite MIL-100(Fe) exhibited enhanced crystallinity than pure MIL-100(Fe) as well showcased a higher surface area of 1300 m2g− 1. Through dynamic acetone pressure swing adsorption setup, MIL-0.05Na revealed an enhanced acetone adsorption of 210 mg g− 1 at room temperature. Gas phase adsorption isotherms confirmed the mono layer adsorption behavior. The kinetics models evaluated that the external mass transfer was the rate limiting step for surface adsorption. The thermodynamic study manifested that the adsorption reaction was spontaneous and exothermic. The proposed mechanism of adsorption was the act of physisorption which enriched the adsorbents reusability. This research work provides a futuristic vista to design mineralized Fe-MOFs composites for an energy saving adsorbents for VOCs removal.
Effect of Handling on ATP Utilization of Cerebral Na,K-ATPase in rats with Trimethyltin-Induced Neurodegeneration.
Authors: Kalocayova Barbora , Snurikova Denisa , Vlkovicova Jana , Stara Veronika Navarova , Michalikova Dominika , Ujhazy Eduard , Gasparova Zdenka , Vrbjar Norbert 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Previously it was shown that for reduction of anxiety and stress of experimental animals, preventive handling seems to be one of the most effective methods. The present study was oriented on Na,K-ATPase, a key enzyme for maintaining proper concentrations of intracellular sodium and potassium ions. Malfunction of this enzyme has an essential role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. It is known that this enzyme requires approximately 50% of the energy available to the brain. Therefore in the present study utilization of the energy source ATP by Na,K-ATPase in the frontal cerebral cortex, using the method of enzyme kinetics was investigated. As a model of neurodegeneration treatment with Trimethyltin (TMT) was applied. Daily handling (10 min/day) of healthy rats and rats suffering neurodegeneration induced by administration of TMT in a dose of (7.5 mg/kg), at postnatal days 60-102 altered the expression of catalytic subunits of Na,K-ATPase as well as kinetic properties of this enzyme in frontal cerebral cortex of adult male Wistar rats. Everyday handling of rats, beside the previously published beneficial effect on spatial memory was accompanied by improwed maintenance of sodium homeeostasis in frontal cortex of brains. The key system responsible for this proces, the Na,K-ATPase was able to utilize better the energy substrate ATP. In rats with TMT-induced neurodegeneration handling promoted the expresion of α2 isoform of the enzyme which is typical for glial cells. In healthy rats the handling was followed by increased expression α3 subunit which is typical for neurons.
Ceftazidime-avibactam in combination with in vitro non-susceptible antimicrobials versus ceftazidime-avibactam in monotherapy in critically ill patients with carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection
Authors: Zheng Guan-hao , Zhang Jian-xin , Wang Bei , Cai Jia-qi , Wang Li-li , Hou Kai-xuan , Zhang Yan , Zhang Liang , Yang Zhi-tao , He Juan , Bian Xiao-lan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: There is no clinical study investigating if using CAZ-AVI combination schemes with an in vitro non-susceptible antimicrobial could be superior to CAZ-AVI monotherapy against CRKP clinically. Methods: We performed a retrospective, cohort study at two tertiary hospitals in China for patients with CRKP infection who treated by CAZ-AVI at least 72 hours. A Cox-proportional hazards regression model was set up to evaluate covariates which potentially affected 30-day mortality. Results: Sixty-two patients were eligible in our study, 41 (66.1%) received CZA-AVI combination therapy and 21 (33.9%) received CZA-AVI monotherapy. The overall 30-day mortality was 33.9% (21 patients): 24.4% (10/41) and 47.6% (11/21), P=0.028, in combination and monotherapy groups, respectively. Combination therapy was significantly associated with lower 30-day mortality (HR 0.167, 95%CI 0.060-0.465, P=0.001), while higher APACHE II score, use of vasoactive drug and comorbidity of organ transplantation were considered as factors on increasing mortality. The propensity score showed no significant alteration with other variables after adding it into the final model. In the subgroup analysis, the protective effect revealed when combination with carbapenems, tigecycline or fosfomycin were applied, and in the following subgroups of patients: with sepsis, with CrCl > 50 mL/min, stayed in ICU ≤30 days or underwent mechanical ventilation. Conclusions: CAZ-AVI combination with another in vitro non-susceptible antimicrobial, especially carbapenems, fosfomycin and tigecycline, could significantly decrease 30-day mortality rate for critically ill patients with CRKP infection. Further investigation should be carried out to confirm this conclusion and find out the autofit antimicrobials in CAZ-AVI combination schemes.
Design and Implementation of V2V and V2I Communication Systems using ML based Li-Fi technology
Authors: T Manimegaai C , muthu kali , gauni sabitha 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
These days population are taking a risk in their drive and in no time dangers are happening, and loosing lives by doing tiny wrongs when on drive near restricted zones. To escape these accidents to make population risk free traffic department are introducing signboards. But then again with the ignorance of the people, dangers are happening again, so “Li-Fi technology” is being used here to decrease the count of accidents. The transmission takes place with the help of LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes).Text, audio and video can also be transmitted with the help of this li-fi. The transmission is done when the light turns on and off. When this is compared to Wi-Fi it has many advantages like this light is not harmful to human body. The Transmission takes place in the form of zeroes and ones. Therefore to avoid accidents we suggested an intelligent, adaptable, and efficient model that utilizes Machine Learning techniques. The proposed system helps in vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to Infrastructure communication systems.
Ulinastatin improves renal microcirculation by protecting expression of VE-cadherin and inhibiting autophagy in a septic rat model
Authors: Li Tian , Ji Xiao-jun , Liu Jing-feng , Guo Xin-jie , Pan Ran , Zhuang Hai-zhou , Dong Lei , Duan Mei-li , Li Ang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Increased permeability of the renal capillary is a common consequence of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury. Vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin is a strictly endothelial-specific adhesion molecule that can control the permeability of the blood vessel wall, and autophagy plays an important role in maintaining cell stability. Ulinastatin, a urinary trypsin inhibitor, attenuates the systemic inflammatory response and visceral vasopermeability. However, it is uncertain whether ulinastatin can improve renal microcirculation by acting on the adhesion junction. Methods: We obserned the effect of Ulinastatin in the septic rat model by using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) to evaluate perfusion of the renal cortex and medulla. Male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture and divided into the sham, sepsis, and ulinastatin groups. Ulinastatin (50 000 U/kg) was injected into the tail vein 1 hour after the operation. At 24 hours postoperatively, CEUS was performed to evaluate the renal microcirculation blood flow and microcirculation perfusion. Histological staining was used to evaluate kidney injury scores. Western blotting was used to assess the expression of VE-cadherin and LC3II, peripheral serum cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels), renal function (creatinine, urea nitrogen, and S-thrombomodulin level), and the urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin level. Results: Compared with sham group, ulinastatin reduced the inflammatory response, maintained the expression of VE-cadherin, inhibited autophagy, and meliorated cortical and medullary perfusion.Conclusions: Ulinastatin effectively protects the adhesion junction and helps to ameliorate the perfusion of kidney capillaries during sepsis by inhibiting autophagy and the expression of inflammatory factors.
Global Drought Monitoring with Drought Severity Index (DSI) using Google Earth Engine
Authors: Khan Ramla , Gilani Hammad 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Impacts and repercussions of certain disasters could be seen immediately while other disasters like drought show their deadly effects with time. Droughts are scientifically studied with help of either a simple or a composite indices introduced by researchers and organizations like the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Meteorological Organization (WMO), and United Nations (UN), etc. DSI or drought severity index is a composite index with vegetation data and evapotranspiration data as input variables. The results are acquired after standardizing the final product. In this study, droughts across the globe with respect to seven continents are identified with DSI in the years 2001 to 2019.
Tracking Recent DDT Contamination in a Northern New England Watershed: A Geosciences Approach
Authors: May Amanda , Doner Lisa , Duncan Jeremiah , Hill Stephen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The p,p’ isomers of DDT, DDE, and DDD were analyzed in soils, sediments, and crayfish in the Squam Lake watershed in central New Hampshire (NH), U.S.A. Bennett Brook sources elevated levels of DDT residues to Squam Lake through sediment transport, likely due to legacy contamination from applications to an apple orchard surrounding the stream in the mid 1900s. Results reveal a point source located at a barn used during the orchard operation, which was burned down around 1967, with up to 723 µg/kg p,p’ DDT and 721 µg/kg p,p’ DDE in the soils. Higher DDT than DDE in soil samples, but not in sediment samples, suggests persistence of the contaminant in watershed soils, and faster degradation once mobilized into Bennett Brook and Squam Lake. DDT residues in the lake sediments from 1951 to the present, reveal DDT has consistently been entering Squam Lake since usage began in the U.S. There are likely multiple sources that have contributed to the constant supply, including the orchard soils treated with DDT serving as a nonpoint source, the barn site, and DDT-laden soils vulnerable to erosion, including stream banks and logged or steeply sloped land. Detections of residues in the stream and lake sediments exceed certain sediment quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life. Higher p,p’ DDE levels in crayfish collected in the mouth of Bennett Brook versus crayfish collected in Squam Lake, distant from Bennett Brook, suggests that residues sourcing from this sub-watershed are entering the aquatic food chain at levels higher than other parts of the lake.
A new perspective of countable and uncountable infinite sets on Georg Cantor’s definition in set theory
Authors: Chen Shee-Ping 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Georg Cantor defined countable and uncountable sets for infinite sets. Natural number set is defined as a countable set, and real number set is proven as an uncountable set by Cantor’s diagonal method. However, in this paper, natural number set will be proven as an uncountable set using Cantor’s diagonal method, and real number set will be proven as a countable set by Cantor’s definition. The process of argumentation provides us new perspectives to consider about the size of infinite sets.
Effects of Laser Energy Density On Carbide Dissolution, Element Distribution and Microstructure Evolution of AISI P20 Steel During Laser Surface Quenching
Authors: Li Zhuoyuan , Zhang Jian , Liu Yang , Zhang Qingmao , Chen Xizhang , Sun Shufeng , Gangil Namrata , Siddiquee Arshad Noor 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Laser surface quenching (LSQ) was performed on AISI P20 mould and hot-working die steel with an objective to improve surface characteristics. The steel was treated under three different process parameter conditions. The microstructure, element distribution and residual stresses were investigated through SEM, EDS and XRD analyses. The effect of laser energy density on carbide dissolution/ablation, microstructure evolution were thoroughly investigated. The dissolution/ablation of carbides significantly affected the formation of martensite and retained austenite, and the distribution of elements and phase in the microstructure. The results of the study and analyses of treated surface revealed that the LSQ treatment significantly improved the microstructure, eliminated the pores or other defects. Furthermore, the degree of carbide dissolution/ablation was closely related to the laser energy density. Comparing to Cr7C3, Cr3C2 was more difficult to dissolve at lower laser energy density. Thus, those incompletely dissolved Cr3C2 would hinder the growth of austenite and reduce the carbon content in austenite and lead to the formation of low-carbon martensite. The highest laser energy density (150 J/mm2), was able to produce finer microstructure and significantly reduced the inhomogeneity in distribution of Cr between the poor and the rich Cr areas.
Influence of Gender Roles and Responsibilities on Family Planning Decisions in Adults, in Karachi, Pakistan: a Qualitative Analysis of Open-ended Interviews
Authors: Sajwani Zara , Khan Murad Moosa , Sachwani Saima Abdul Aziz , Ahmed Warda , Ali Tazeen Saeed 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
BackgroundIn Pakistan, the slow pace of declining fertility rate accounts for troubling consequences like multiple pregnancies, induced abortions, the low 34% contraceptive prevalence rate, and overpopulation. This coupled with the lack of literature on this topic in the country makes it pivotal to explore the gender roles and responsibilities of adults in marital life and within the family and their influence on Family Planning decisions in adults, in Karachi, Pakistan.MethodsThe study design involved purposive selection of 12 consenting married adults belonging to Gulberg Town, from whom detailed qualitative data was collected using open-ended, semi-structured interviews, supported by field notes. For the sake of anonymity, participants were assigned codes. Furthermore, all discussions were conducted in English or Urdu language by the female investigator herself and were audio recorded after obtaining participants’ consent. Thereafter, a rigorous thematic analysis of the interviews was carried out, with the results being double-checked before being securely stored in soft or hard copy. ResultsThe study observations identified that gender roles and responsibilities do affect Family Planning decisions in Pakistan. The results were broadly categorized into two themes: superficial reasons and deeper reasons affecting FP decisions. The first theme has three main categories; interpretation of FP, awareness about FP, and couple as representative of FP decision making whereas the second theme has five categories; roles and responsibilities of men in the family, roles and responsibilities of women in the family, women autonomy, mind the gap or taming the women, and way forward. ConclusionsOur study findings suggest that while superficial reasons must be resolved, it is primarily crucial to eliminate the subtler, tap root factors influencing FP decisions by strongly addressing school curricula, nurses and other Health Care Workers (HCWs) to positively impact the society. Further qualitative and quantitative research is ultimately necessary for assessing the viewpoint of important stakeholders and how, using a multiprong approach, the stringent perceptions pertaining to Family Planning can be altered to benefit the society.
Metformin Use and Subsequent Alzheimer’s Disease Incidence in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: a Population-based Nested Case-control Study
Authors: Ha Junghee , Choi Dong Woo , Kim Kwang Joon , Cho So Yeon , Kim Hyunjeong , Kim Keun You , Koh Yongseung , Nam Chung Mo , Kim Eosu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Metformin reduces insulin resistance, which may be shared pathophysiology between diabetes mellitus (DM) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Thus, it has been hypothesized that metformin may be effective against AD; however, evidence of metformin effects on AD development remains insufficient and conflicting. We investigated Alzheimer’s disease risk in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin.Methods: This retrospective, observational, nested case-control study included enrolled patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Korean National Health Insurance Service diabetes mellitus cohort (2002–2017). Among 70,499 DM patients who were dementia-free at the time of DM diagnosis, 1,675 AD cases identified were matched to 8,375 controls by age, sex, and DM onset and duration. Association of AD with metformin use were analyzed using multivariable conditional logistic regression analyses adjusted for comorbidities and cardiometabolic risk profile. Results: Metformin use was associated with an increased adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of AD (1.50; 95% CI, 1.23–1.83). The strength of the association increased with the cumulative daily defined dose per day in metformin users. The risk was more pronounced among patients with a longer duration of DM (1.48; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.91, for a DM duration of 5–9 years; 2.18; 95% CI, 1.41 to 3.39 for a duration greater than 10 years), while no statistical significance was found in the patients with DM duration less than 5 years (AOR 0.88; 95%CI 0.54–1.43). Furthermore, the risk of AD was significantly higher in DM patients with depression (AOR 2.05; 1.02–4.12). Conclusions: Given the huge number of patients with DM who are taking metformin worldwide, a double-blinded, prospective study is required to determine the long-term cognitive safety of metformin.