bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Motivasi Berprestasi terhadap Kinerja Guru yang Bersertifikasi
Authors: Setyanti Eliana 
Published: March 2021

The teacher is the party most often accused of being the person most responsible for the quality of education. Teachers who have the ability in four teacher competencies, will be able to show better performance. A teacher's competence will also be better, if accompanied by a strong achievement motivation. Competence that is accompanied by the achievement motivation will affect the performance of teachers in all fields that are done. This research was conducted to obtain empirical evidence about the presence or absence of the influence of teacher competence and achievement motivation simultaneously and significantly to the performance of Certified Public Elementary School teachers in Kendal District, Kendal District. The population in this study were all certified elementary school teachers in the Regional Education Unit of the Kendal District, who were civil servants. While the sample selection method used is random sampling. Data about the variables in this study were obtained using a scale instrument (questionnaire). The data that has been collected will be analyzed with the classic assumption test and hypothesis test. To test the hypothesis in this study, multiple regression analysis was used. The results showed that the competence and achievement motivation did not significantly influence the performance of certified teachers.

Abstrak
Guru merupakan pihak yang paling sering mendapat tudingan sebagai orang yang paling bertanggung jawab terhadap kualitas pendidikan. Guru yang memiliki kemampuan dalam empat kompetensi guru, akan dapat menunjukkan kinerja yang lebih baik. Kompetensi seorang guru juga akan lebih baik, jika dibarengi dengan adanya motivasi berprestasi yang kuat. Kompetensi yang dibarengi dengan adanya motivasi berprestasi akan mempengaruhi kinerja guru dalam segala bidang yang dikerjakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh bukti empiris tentang ada tidaknya pengaruh kompetensi guru dan motivasi berprestasi secara simultan dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru SD Negeri yang Bersertifikasi di Kecamatan Kendal, Kabupaten Kendal. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu semua guru SD Negeri yang bersertifikasi di UPTD Pendidikan Daerah Kecamatan-Kabupaten Kendal, yang berstatus sebagai PNS. Sedangkan metode pemilihan sampel yang digunakan adalah random sampling. Data tentang variabel-variabel dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan menggunakan instrumen berupa skala (angket). Data yang telah terkumpul akan dianalisis dengan uji asumsi klasik dan uji hipotesis. Untuk menguji hipotesis dalam penelitian ini, digunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi dan motivasi berprestasi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja guru bersertifikasi.
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND PH ON PHENOL BIODEGRADATION BY A NEWLY IDENTIFIED SERRATIA SP. AQ5-03
Authors: Aisami A. , Yasid N. A. , Johari W. L. W. , Ahmad S. A. , Shukor M. Y. 
Published: March 2021

Phenol is mainly used by the industries to produce a variety of chemical products such as resins, textiles, pesticides, plastics and explosive. The wide use of phenol and other phenolic compounds by industries, has resulted in an increased presence of these toxic compounds in the environment as pollutants. Bio-removal of phenol by microorganisms especially bacteria has been demonstrated to be the most effective and economical approach compared to physio-chemical methods. The search for efficient phenol-degraders especially local sources to remediate local phenol pollution is important as indigenous bacteria usually have better survival and resilient to local geographical conditions. In this study, a phenol-degrading microorganism was isolated from local soil and waste water bodies. Identification was carried out using gram staining, 16s rRNA gene sequencing and molecular phylogeny analysis using the Phylip software. The isolates were inoculated in mineral salt media with 0.5 g/L phenol as the sole source of carbon. Phenol degradation was determined using 4-amino antipyrine method. Physical and cultural conditions influencing phenol degradation such as pH and temperature were optimized via one-factor-at-a-time. Through phylogeny analysis, the isolate was identified as Serratia sp. and the sequence was deposited the NCBI Genebank and accession number KT693287 was assigned to the bacteria. The highest degradation was achieved at pH 7.5 (phosphate buffer) and temperature of 30°C. Ammonium sulphate was established to be the best nitrogen source at the concentration of 0.4 g/L and a sodium chloride concentration of 0.15 g/L.
Aisami, A. | Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
PROXIMATE ANALYSIS AND HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTANT OF WATER AND SEDIMENTS IN OSUN RIVER
Authors: Ashaolu V. O. 
Published: March 2021

There are thirty-five (35) metals with public health implications due to occupational or residential exposure; twenty-three (23) of these are called heavy elements or metals. They are Antimony, Arsenic, Bismuth, Cadmium, Cerium, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Gallium, Gold, Iron, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Nickel, Platinum, Silver, Tellurium, Thallium, Tin, Uranium, Vanadium, and Zinc. Interestingly, minute amount of these elements are common in our environment and diet and are actually necessary for a balanced health, but increased consumption may cause acute or chronic toxicity (poisoning). Allergies are not uncommon and repeated long-term exposure to these metals such as Zinc, Lead, Chromium, Selenium, Nickel, Cobalt and Cadmium may cause cancer. The alarming perceived increase of these pollutants around the south-western regions of Nigeria have necessitated the need to evaluate water and sediment samples of Osun river, popularly known for its cultural practices and activities. The physicochemical properties of samples such as pH, TDS EC, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Conductivity, Total Hardness, Sodium, Potassium, Phosphate, Nitrate, Chloride were analyzed and result showed compliance with recommended WHO standards. Trace and heavy metal composition in water using standard methods indicates the presence of Calcium (5.11±0.04ppm), Magnesium (0.54±0.004ppm), Potassium (1.28±0.01ppm) and Iron (0.05±0.00ppm) while sediment sample contained high composition of Zinc (21.99±2.67ppm), Iron (261.6±2.00ppm) and Manganese (105.6+0.50ppm). Results obtained from proximate analysis of both water and sediment samples, shows that there are no heavy metals presence in Osun River that could pose a threat to public health. Rather, there are more minerals and nutrients in availability which implies that water sample lacks considerable pollutants and can be certified healthy for moderate consumption and domestic uses which is within permissible value limits of WHO standards.
Ashaolu V. O. | Research Scholar, Department of Chemistry, LIFE, Loyola College, Chennai-600034
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES BASED ON PEROVSKITES
Authors: Iyasele E. O. 
Published: March 2021

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) though in its development stage, has been of interest to Scientists receiving considerable attention in recent years as a promising material capable of developing high performance photovoltaic devices at low cost. Owing to their solution processability, broad spectrum solar absorption, low non-radiative recombination losses, etc., PSCs provide numerous advantages over most thin ﬁlm absorber materials. Due to the substantial improvement of Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) of these materials, photovoltaic efficiency has reached prestigious position (approx. 20.1 %) within the last 5 years. In this review article, we discuss the current state of the Art for photovoltaic devices based on Perovskites, highlighting the underlying phenomenon, synthesis, challenges, comparison to other technologies and future outlook. We emphasized the importance of Perovskite ﬁlm formation and qualities in achieving highly efficient photovoltaic devices. The flexibility and simplicity of Perovskite fabrication methods allows the use of mesoporous and planar device architectures. A variety of processing techniques are currently employed to form the highest quality CH3NH3PbX3 ﬁlms resulting to high performance PSC devices which include stoichiometry, thermal annealing, solvent engineering, additives and environmental control. In this review, we outlined and discussed the challenges of PSCs including its stability issues, hysteresis effects, and ion migration effects. Possible ways overcoming these challenges and improvement on the stability of PSCs so far were also addressed.
Iyasele, E. O. | Mechanical Engineering Department, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
ADVANCES IN BIODIESEL SYNTHESIS: THE ROLE OF VARIOUS CATALYSTS
Authors: Nnaji J. C. 
Published: March 2021

Biodiesel is a renewable, clean-burning, and biodegradable fuel which can be synthesized from readily available domestic and natural sources, such as edible, non-edible and waste cooking oils, which may serve as a substitute to petro-diesel. It is produced by catalytic transesterification of fats and oils. A number of researches has been devoted to discovering a benign catalyst, especially heterogeneous acid catalyst that could convert non-edible and waste cooking oils with high free fatty acid into biodiesel, in an attempt to reduce the cost of production. The cost of production of biodiesel is still far higher than that of conventional petro-diesel, owing to the cost of edible oil currently being used, processes involved, and cost of conventional heterogeneous catalysts employed. This study assessed the role of various catalysts; homogeneous, heterogenous and enzyme-catalyzed transesterification reactions, in terms of their advantages and disadvantages in biodiesel production in order to establish very promising catalysts. Some methods of heterogeneous acid catalysts were also highlighted. Amongst the common heterogeneous catalyst, carbon-based solid acid catalysts were recommended as very promising solid acid catalyst that can utilize the non-edible oils in biodiesel production. The advantages of carbon-based solid acid catalysts include cheap readily available raw materials for their synthesis, easier production processes, relative stability, high reusability and potential for utilizing waste and non-edible oils for biodiesel production.
Nnaji, J. C. | Department of Chemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
COMPARISON OF QUALITY CONTROL PARAMETERS OF DIAGNOSTIC X-RAY MACHINES IN GOVERNMENT, MISSION AND PRIVATE OWNED FACILITIES IN JOS, NIGERIA
Authors: Ike-Ogbonna M. I. , Mangset W. E. , Ike E. E. 
Published: March 2021

Due to the availability and frequent use of x-ray machine in the diagnoses of diseases and treatment of diseases in most of our hospitals and radio-diagnostic centers in Nigeria, the need to assess the quality control parameters and level of compliance of the x-ray machines cannot be over emphasized. The purpose of this research is to compare the result of four Quality Control test parameters of government (G1and G2), mission (M1 and M2) and private owned (P1and P2) x-ray machines of the radio-diagnostic facilities to ascertain the level of compliance among them with the set reference tolerance limits. Four Quality Control test parameters; kVp accuracy, congruence between optical and x-ray field, beam alignment and tube filtration was assessed from the measurement carried out using Gammex Radiologic kit with Gammex 330 digital kV meter, Gammex 115A half value layer set, collimator test tool model 161B and the beam alignment test tool model 162A.The result of kVp accuracy show that G1,G2,M2 and P1 all had values ranging from 2.30% - 3.14% within the set tolerance limit of ± 5% while M1 and P2 had values above the limit. In congruence between optical and x-ray field with tolerance limit of ±2%, only P2 was above limit, while in perpendicularity G2 and P2 were above the set limit of 1.5o. Tube filtration all the studied x-ray machines failed the test indicate absorption of excess low energy dose for patient. This research therefore reveals that the government and mission x-ray machines have better quality control programme that the private owned.
Ike-Ogbonna, M. I. | Department of Physics, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
SOCIAL EFFECTS OF TERRORISM ON YOUNG INDIVIDUALS IN NORTH-EAST NIGERIA
Authors: Ujene I. G. 
Published: March 2021

Terror and wars are not recent events as they had always existed with mankind since creation. According to Charles Darwin, in his concept of “survival of the fittest,” only the strong survive and this statement had gone ahead overtime to prove its validity both domestically and the world over. Although wars are not new, their effects (especially social effects) such as the effect on religion, destruction of social networks and support, functional impairment, conduct disorder (deviance), destruction of social capitals, destruction of social institutions and on young people cannot be ignored since every action is consequential. Nigeria is not an exception to terrorisms, wars and insurgencies as can be proven by her most recent histories; there had been the civil war, Niger-Delta insurgency and now the terroristic act of Boko Haram in the North-East. Due to the numerous effects of war, there are many scholarly works on psychological, biological and the economic dimensions but the social effects of terror such as is currently going on in North-East Nigeria are more trans-generational and have a more diverse outlook, despite this, there is the silence of literature on such effects thus, the aptness of this work. This paper underscores the social effects of the ongoing insurgence of Boko Haram in the North-East Nigeria on young individuals. Although United Nations in 1981 designated 15-24 years as youths, this study adopts 13-24 years for a wider coverage due to the historic-religious and cultural documentations and evidences of early marriages among the people under study. Theoretically, structural functionalism is apt in the explanation of this growing situation and it submits that the Nigerian state should pay much attention on development, Nigeria should explore the informal education sector and that religion of any kind should be de-radicalized and any iota of inciting messages should be expunged from worship places.
Ujene, I. G. | Department of Sociology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
THE DANGEROUS OUTSIDER: HISTORICIZING AND INTERROGATING THE NON-NUCLEAR PROLIFERATION TREATY (NPT)
Authors: Efanodor-Obeten O. H. 
Published: March 2021

The Non-Nuclear Proliferation Treaty (NPT) which is one of the world’s most widely adopted security conventions, which also proved to be one of the most controversial treaty. Its provisions define the core bargain between those few Nuclear weapon states and numerous Non-Nuclear weapon states. The paper examines the NPT and undertakes an excursus on the dangers posed to the international nuclear control effort by the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK). Using secondary sources of information, the paper examines the NPT by tracing its historical basis. This enabled the study to interrogate the NPT, in spite of its major achievements, questions and criticisms are being raised about the implementation of the NPT and its overall strength. The past years have seen a series of efforts by multilateral institutions to enforce the treaty by combining restrictive measures and proposals for long-term arrangements. These efforts have not yielded results so far. The existing Nuclear Weapon States (NWS) are not required by the treaty to give up nuclear weapons but rather to negotiate in good faith. This has questioned the credibility of the nuclear states to press others to drop their nuclear ambitions. More ominous still, is the risk of the qualitative escalation of proliferation of nations following North Korea’s withdrawal and series of test. The findings of the study reveal that the potential danger posed by North Korea are in threefold; firstly, if there is war in the Korean peninsula it could use nuclear weapons against its neighbors. Secondly, North Korea could help other states build a nuclear reactor that could produce materials for nuclear weapon. And lastly, North Korea’s nuclear programme could breakdown the international regime intended to stop the spread of nuclear weapons. The paper concludes that the case of North Korea has proved that arms control by example is an important adjunct to specific nonproliferation treaties and cooperative measures. Although it cannot by itself stop states or leaders determined to violate an international agreement or tacit understanding, it can enhance the moral authority of the major powers to press others to drop their nuclear ambitions.
Efanodor-Obeten, O. H. | Department of Political Science and Public Administration, Edo University Iyamho, Edo State, Nigeria
SUPORTE FAMILIAR DE NONAGENÁRIOS E CENTENÁRIOS DURANTE A ATUAL PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Da Rosa Aline Mendes , Machado Julia De Freitas , Bós Ângelo José Gonçalves 
Published: March 2021

Introdução: Nonagenários e centenários apresentam elevadas taxas comorbidades fazendo com que eles necessitem de um suporte social. Geralmente esse suporte é familiar e que pode estar comprometido durante a COVID-19. Objetivo: Estudar a funcionalidade familiar durante o isolamento social devido a atual pandemia de COVID-19. Método: É um estudo transversal e analítico com nonagenários e centenários do projeto Atenção Multiprofissional ao Longevo (AMPAL) acompanhados desde 2016. O suporte familiar foi medido pelo ‘’APGAR de família’’ que permite a avaliação subjetiva da funcionalidade familiar. O APGAR é composto por cinco itens: ajuda recebida, compartilham problemas, apoio recebido, afeição recebida e tempo compartilhado. Os dados foram coletados via contato telefônico entre os meses de maio a julho de 2020 e comparados com dados anteriores dos mesmos longevos. Foram analisadas as possíveis mudanças em cada item do APGAR e a sua associação com gênero, faixa etária e se mora sozinho antes e durante os primeiros meses da COVID19. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 55 nonagenários e centenários, a maioria mulheres (74%) e residindo com familiar/cuidador (80%). A ajuda que recebe diminuiu em 4% e aumentou em 16% aumento. Houve diminuição de 2% no compartilhamento de problemas, apoio recebido e afeição recebida. Entretanto, os participantes relataram uma diminuição de 40% do tempo com a família. Conclusão: Os nonagenários e centenários apresentaram bom apoio familiar, mas referiram diminuição do tempo que passam com os familiares, mesmo morando com a família. Essa diminuição do contato com familiares pode resultar em aumento de sintomas depressivos e de ansiedade.
VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA PESSOAS IDOSAS NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL ENTRE 2015 e 2018
Authors: Caberlon Iride Cristofoli , Bós Ângelo José Gonçalves 
Published: March 2021

Introdução: Violência contra a pessoa é registrada no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) do Ministério da Saúde (MS) desde 2011. A violência contra a pessoa idosa está enquadrada na Lei 10.741/2003. Objetivo: caracterizar os tipos de violência contra pessoas idosas no Rio Grande do Sul (RS) registrados no SINAM/MS. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo exploratório, descritivo com abordagem quantitativa de dados disponibilizados pelo MS na página http://sinan.saude.gov.br ocorridos entre 2015 e 2018. Resultados: Foram identificados 6.321 casos de violência em pessoas com 60 anos e mais no período, sendo 3.889 (61,5%) do sexo feminino e a maioria brancos 5235 (82,8%). Os tipos de violência registrados em ordem de frequência foram: física (52,7%) psicológica/moral (32%), negligência/abandono (27,4%), financeira (7,7%), sexual (2%), assédio sexual (0,7%) e outros tipos de violência (10,3%). A violência foi praticada em maior frequência pela força corporal/espancamento (36,6%), enforcamento (7%) e tortura (1,6%). Os principais agressores foram: filhos (31,5%), cônjuge (11%), conhecidos (7,8%), desconhecidos (7%), cuidador (0,4%) e irmão(a) (0,38%). Destaca-se a lesão autoprovocada em 19,6% e a violência repetida em 44,2%. A violência ocorreu na própria residência (81,9%), via pública (6,5%) e outros 261 (4,1%). Conclusão: Observamos uma possível subnotificação de violências registradas. É fundamental que todos os profissionais de saúde, incluindo enfermeiros, médicos, assistentes sociais sejam capacitados para reconhecer as situações de violência. A notificação da violência permite encaminhar a vítima aos órgãos competentes, para garantir a proteção, o rompimento do ciclo de violência, assegurando seus direitos à vida, saúde e bem-estar.
INCLUSÃO DOS IDOSOS EM DISCIPLINAS DE CURSOS DE GRADUAÇÃO
Authors: Souza Stephanie De Carvalho , Krause Arthur Zasso , Olchik Maira Rozenfeld , Teixeira Adriane Ribeiro 
Published: March 2021

Introdução: A UFRGS foi uma das pioneiras em projetos de inclusão de idosos. Atualmente conta com a Universidade Aberta para Pessoas Idosas (UNAPI/UFRGS), um programa composto por várias iniciativas para idosos no ambiente universitário. Objetivos: Relatar a participação de idosos em disciplinas regulares da graduação, via projeto piloto. Metodologia: Para o desenvolvimento do projeto, foram criados editais para ingresso em disciplinas regulares dos cursos de graduação em Comunicação Social (Jornalismo Esportivo), Educação Física (Práticas Corporais e Envelhecimento) e Fonoaudiologia (Avaliação Audiológica I e Intervenção Fonoaudiológica em Envelhecimento). Para participar, os idosos deveriam comprovar escolaridade (ensino médio ou curso superior). Resultados: Cinco pessoas foram selecionadas para participar das disciplinas em 2019, sendo três com ensino superior completo. Todas estiveram presentes nas aulas teóricas e práticas ao longo do semestre letivo, realizando as atividades em conjunto e interagindo com os alunos da graduação. Os professores responsáveis pelas disciplinas tinham atuação e formação em envelhecimento, preparando os alunos para o acolhimento e a integração dos idosos nas turmas. A partir dos resultados obtidos, foi criado um novo projeto, já apresentado para a Universidade, para que idosos possam participar regularmente das disciplinas dos diferentes cursos de graduação. Conclusão: Verificou-se que a inclusão dos idosos promoveu o convívio intergeracional e a inclusão na universidade, uma vez que todos participaram das aulas e atividades propostas em conjunto com os alunos de graduação. Enquanto para os já graduados foi uma oportunidade de atualização profissional, para aqueles com ensino médio foi a oportunidade de frequentarem o ambiente universitário.