bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary habits and the presence and degree of asymptomatic diverticular disease by magnetic resonance imaging in a Western population: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Askani Esther , Rospleszcz Susanne , Rothenbacher Theresa , Wawro Nina , Messmann Helmut , De Cecco Carlo N. , von Krüchten Ricarda , Kulka Charlotte , Kiefer Lena S. , Rathmann Wolfgang , Peters Annette , Schlett Christopher L. , Bamberg Fabian , Linseisen Jakob , Storz Corinna 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Despite the worldwide burden of diverticular disease, the connections between diverticular disease and dietary habits remain poorly understood, particularly in an asymptomatic representative sample. We investigated the association between asymptomatic diverticular disease as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dietary habits in a Western study cohort.

Methods
Participants from a cross-sectional sample of a population-based cohort study underwent whole-body 3T-MRI including an isotropic VIBE-Dixon sequence. The presence and extent of diverticular disease was assessed in blinded fashion. Habitual dietary intake was recorded using a blended approach, applying 24-h food lists and a food-frequency questionnaire. Traditional cardiometabolic risk factors were obtained by interviews and medical examination. Univariate and multivariate associations were calculated.

Results
A total of 308 subjects were included in this analysis (56% male, 56.4 ± 9.1 years). 39.9% had any form of diverticular disease and 15.3% had advanced asymptomatic diverticular disease. After adjustment for age, sex and total energy intake a higher intake of fiber and vegetables was associated with a lower odds for asymptomatic diverticular disease (fiber: OR 0.68 95% CI [0.48, 0.95]; vegetables: OR 0.72 95% CI [0.53, 0.97]) and an increased intake of meat was associated with an approximately two-fold higher odds for advanced asymptomatic diverticular disease (OR 1.84 95% CI [1.13, 2.99]). However, after additional adjustment for body-mass-index (BMI), alcohol consumption, smoking behavior and physical activity only a high fiber and vegetables intake remained significantly associated with lower odds of asymptomatic diverticular disease.

Conclusion
Our results indicate that a high-fiber diet and increased intake of vegetables is associated with lower odds of having asymptomatic diverticular disease, independent of age, sex, total energy intake, BMI and other life-style factors.
Morphological changes of the anterior alveolar bone due to retraction of anterior teeth: a retrospective study
Authors: Sun Qiannan , Lu Wenhsuan , Zhang Yunfan , Peng Liying , Chen Si , Han Bing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Backgroud
To analyze the morphological changes of the anterior alveolar bone after the retraction of incisors in premolar extraction cases and the relationship between incisor retraction and remodeling of the alveolar base represented by points A and B displacements.

Methods
Pre- (T0) and post-treatment (T1) lateral cephalograms of 308 subjects in the maxilla and 154 subjects in the mandible who underwent the orthodontic treatment with extraction of 2 premolars in upper or lower arches were included. Alveolar bone width and height in both the maxillary and mandible incisor area were measured at T0 and T1 respectively. By superimposing the T0 and T1 cephalometric tracings, changes of points A and B, and the movement of the incisors were also measured. Then the correlation between incisor movement and the displacements of points A and B was analyzed.

Results
The alveolar bone width (ABW) showed a significant decrease in both maxilla and mandible (P < 0.001) except the labial side of the mandible (P > 0.05). The alveolar bone height (ABH) showed a significant increase in the labial side of maxilla and a significant decrease in the lingual side of maxilla and mandible. A strong positive correlation was verified between incisor movement and position changes of points A and B in both horizontal and vertical directions.

Conclusions
Anterior alveolar bone width and height generally decreased after orthodontic treatment. Incisor retraction led to significant position changes of points A and B. The decrease of anterior alveolar bone due to significant incisor retraction should be taken into account in treatment planning.
Corydalis saxicola Bunting total alkaloids attenuate paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy through PKCε/p38 MAPK/TRPV1 signaling pathway
Authors: Xue Chu , Liu Si-Xue , Hu Jie , Huang Jin , Liu Hong-Min , Qiu Zhi-Xia , Huang Fang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Corydalis saxicola Bunting, affiliated with the Papaveraceae Juss., has been proven to work well in anti-inflammation, hemostasis, and analgesia. This study was designed to observe the effect and potential mechanism of Corydalis saxicola Bunting total alkaloids (CSBTA) on paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN).

Materials and methods
Rats were injected 2 mg/kg paclitaxel 4 times and administrated with 30 or 120 mg/kg CSBTA. Mechanical and thermal allodynia and hyperalgesia were tested. After 40 days, serum was collected to detect PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-1β by ELISA. The L4-L6 segment spinal cord, DRG, and plantar skin were harvested, and Western-blot or RT-qPCR analyzed protein and gene levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, p38 MAPK, PKCε, and TRPV1. The PIPN cell model was established with paclitaxel (300 nM, 5 d) in primary DRG neurons. We examined the effect of CSBTA (25 μg/ml or 50 μg/ml) by measuring the mRNA levels in PGE2, TNF-α and CGRP, and the protein expression on the PKCε/p38 MAPK/TRPV1 signaling pathway in the PIPN cell model.

Results
The results showed that CSBTA effectively ameliorated allodynia and hyperalgesia, and regulated cytokines' contents (PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-1β) and neuropeptides (CGRP and SP) in different tissues in vivo. In addition, CSBTA significantly decreased cytokine gene levels of DRG neurons (PGE2, TNF-α, and CGRP) and the protein expressions of PKCε/p38 MAPK/TRPV1 signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.

Conclusion
Therefore, CSBTA has a perspective therapeutic effect on the treatment of paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy.
Distribution of human papillomavirus in precancerous and cancerous cervical neoplasia in Tunisian women
Authors: Bel Haj Rhouma Rahima , Ardhaoui Monia , El Fehri Emna , Marzougui Asma , Laassili Thalja , Guizani Ikram , Boubaker Med Samir , Ennaifer Emna 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) are responsible for cervical cancer (CC) which represents the second most prevalent gynecological cancer among Tunisian women. Preventive strategies against CC are based on prophylactic vaccines that have not yet been implemented into the national vaccination program of Tunisia. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the HPV genotypes distribution in cervical neoplasia in Tunisian women in order to predict the impact of using current HPV vaccines on cancer prevention in Tunisia.

Methods
A total of 200 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded biopsies were collected in our study. DNA was extracted using Qiagen Mini prep kit. DNA quality was controlled by Beta Globin PCR. Only positive samples for Beta Globin test were used. HPV detection was performed by a nested PCR using PYGMY and GP5+/6+ primers. Genotyping was performed by Reverse Line hybridization using 31 probes.

Results
The mean age of participants was 38.97 years and 75% were over 30 years. Cervical neoplasia distribution according to age showed that CINII/CINIII was observed among women over 30 years old. All samples were positive for Beta Globin PCR. Overall HPV prevalence in cervical lesions was 83% (166/200). HPV was present in 65% of CINI, 82% of CINII/CINIII and 85% of CC. HR-HPV was statistically significantly associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (p < 10–3). HR-HPV distribution according to lesion grade and cervical cancer showed that HPV16 and HPV18 were present in all lesions. For CINII/CINIII, HPV 35 (37.5%) was the most detected type, followed by HPV18 (33.3%) HPV 45 (28.5%) and HPV 16 (18.9%). HPV 45(57.5%), HPV 18 (53.3%) were the most detected in CC. HPV58, 59, 68 were only detected in CC and associated with HPV45, 18 and HPV16. HPV39, 31, 33, 52, 56 and HPV70 was associated only with CINI.

Conclusions
Our findings can give useful information for vaccine implementation by helping the health policymakers to choose the most appropriate vaccine type in Tunisia.
Intensive group-based cognitive therapy in patients with cardiac disease and psychological distress—a randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: Holdgaard Annette , Eckhardt-Hansen Christine , Lund Thomas , Lassen Christina Funch , Sibiliz Kirstine Lærum , Høfsten Dan Eik , Prescott Eva , Rasmusen Hanne Kruuse 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Many patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and valvular heart disease (VHD) suffer from psychological distress. Such stress is associated with increased morbidity, reduced quality of life and delayed return to work. European guidelines emphasize recognition and intervention, but evidence-based treatment options are limited and perceived as costly. The present study will test the effect of brief, group-based cognitive therapy as an adjunct to usual cardiac rehabilitation in a randomized design.

Methods
A total of 148 patients with CAD and/or VHD after surgical intervention and concomitant psychological distress (defined as HADS anxiety (A) or depression (D) score ≥8) will be randomized to either usual out-patient cardiac rehabilitation (CR) comprising an 8-week multidisciplinary programme or usual care supplemented by five group-based cognitive therapy sessions performed by trained CR nurses. A structured, standardized treatment manual will be used. Patients will be randomized 1:1 at three different sites. Additionally, a non-randomized sub-group of 40 matched patients without signs of psychological distress will be followed to investigate spontaneous variation in HADS. The primary outcome is Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS). Secondary outcomes are adherence to cardiac rehabilitation (CR), health-related quality of life measured by HeartQoL, time to return to work, adherence to lifestyle interventions and cardiovascular readmissions. Patients are followed up for 12 months.

Discussion
To our knowledge, this is the first randomized controlled trial (RCT) on patients with cardiac disease with an intensive group-based programme of cognitive therapy performed by CR nurses, which makes it affordable and widely implementable. The outcome will elucidate the feasibility and effect of cognitive therapy as an adjunct to CR in patients with post-surgery CAD and/or VHD and psychological distress and could possibly benefit patients with other heart conditions as well. The clinical trial complies with the Declaration of Helsinki. The trial has been approved by The Regional Research Ethics Committee (file number H-16042832) and The Danish Data Protection Agency. The results will be disseminated as original research in peer-reviewed manuscripts.

Trial registration
www.clinicaltrials.govNCT04254315. Retrospectively registered on 30 January 2020.
A new structure of an integral operator associated with trigonometric Dunkl settings
Authors: Al-Omari Shrideh Khalaf , Araci Serkan , Al-Smadi Mohammed 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we discuss a generalization to the Cherednik–Opdam integral operator to an abstract space of Boehmians. We introduce sets of Boehmians and establish delta sequences and certain class of convolution products. Then we prove that the extended Cherednik–Opdam integral operator is linear, bijective and continuous with respect to the convergence of the generalized spaces of Boehmians. Moreover, we derive embeddings and discuss properties of the generalized theory. Moreover, we obtain an inversion formula and provide several results.
Fixed point theory in the setting of $(\alpha,\beta,\psi,\phi)$-interpolative contractions
Authors: Karapınar Erdal , Fulga Andreea , Roldán López de Hierro Antonio Francisco 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this manuscript we introduce the notion of $(\alpha,\beta,\psi,\phi)$
(
α
,
β
,
ψ
,
ϕ
)
-interpolative contraction that unifies and generalizes significant concepts: Proinov type contractions, interpolative contractions, and ample spectrum contraction. We investigate the necessary and sufficient conditions to guarantee existence and uniqueness of the fixed point of such mappings.
A new approach to modelling the input–output structure of regional economies using non-survey methods
Authors: Flegg Anthony T. , Lamonica Guiseppe R. , Chelli Francesco M. , Recchioni Maria C. , Tohmo Timo 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a new approach to the regionalization of national input–output tables where suitable regional data are scarce and analysts are considering using location quotients (LQs). We focus on the FLQ formula, which frequently yields the best results of the pure LQ-based methods, and develop an enhanced way of implementing this approach. We use a modified cross-entropy (MCE) method, along with a regression model, to estimate values of the unknown parameter δ in the FLQ formula, specific to both region and country. An analysis of survey-based data for 16 South Korean regions reveals that the proposed FLQ+ approach yields more accurate estimates of both input coefficients and sectoral output multipliers than those from simpler LQ-based methods or the MCE approach alone. Sectoral outputs (or employment) are the only regional data required. The MCE method also clearly outperforms GRAS.
On the association between risk attitude and fruit and vegetable consumption: insights from university students in Italy
Authors: Giampietri Elisa , Bugin Giuseppe , Trestini Samuele 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAs a novel contribution, this paper explores the possible association between individual risk attitudes and consumer fruit and vegetable (FV) intake. Inspired by the literature, the study also investigates the relationship between FV consumption frequency and health consciousness, perceived health benefits, trust, and attitude towards eating the recommended five-a-day FV portions. An ordered logit model is estimated on data collected through direct interviews among university students. The results show that risk aversion has a positive effect on consumer choice to eat the recommended number of FV servings, similar to the individual health consciousness and the perception of health benefits. The results pave the way for new research that aims to provide useful evidence for the implementation of new strategies to foster people’s FV intake in compliance with the five-a-day recommendation.
Chronic complement dysregulation drives neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury: a transcriptomic study
Authors: Toutonji Amer , Mandava Mamatha , Guglietta Silvia , Tomlinson Stephen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractActivation of the complement system propagates neuroinflammation and brain damage early and chronically after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The complement system is complex and comprises more than 50 components, many of which remain to be characterized in the normal and injured brain. Moreover, complement therapeutic studies have focused on a limited number of histopathological outcomes, which while informative, do not assess the effect of complement inhibition on neuroprotection and inflammation in a comprehensive manner. Using high throughput gene expression technology (NanoString), we simultaneously analyzed complement gene expression profiles with other neuroinflammatory pathway genes at different time points after TBI. We additionally assessed the effects of complement inhibition on neuropathological processes. Analyses of neuroinflammatory genes were performed at days 3, 7, and 28 post injury in male C57BL/6 mice following a controlled cortical impact injury. We also characterized the expression of 59 complement genes at similar time points, and also at 1- and 2-years post injury. Overall, TBI upregulated the expression of markers of astrogliosis, immune cell activation, and cellular stress, and downregulated the expression of neuronal and synaptic markers from day 3 through 28 post injury. Moreover, TBI upregulated gene expression across most complement activation and effector pathways, with an early emphasis on classical pathway genes and with continued upregulation of C2, C3 and C4 expression 2 years post injury. Treatment using the targeted complement inhibitor, CR2-Crry, significantly ameliorated TBI-induced transcriptomic changes at all time points. Nevertheless, some immune and synaptic genes remained dysregulated with CR2-Crry treatment, suggesting adjuvant anti-inflammatory and neurotropic therapy may confer additional neuroprotection. In addition to characterizing complement gene expression in the normal and aging brain, our results demonstrate broad and chronic dysregulation of the complement system after TBI, and strengthen the view that the complement system is an attractive target for TBI therapy.
SGLT2 inhibitors as potentially helpful drugs in PI3K inhibitor-induced diabetes: a case report
Authors: Sahakian Nicolas , Cattieuw Lauranne , Ramillon-Cury Clotilde , Corroller Audrey Bégu-Le , Silvestre-Aillaud Pascale , Béliard Sophie , Valéro René 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Hyperglycemia is the most common side-effect of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors that are approved for the treatment of some advanced or metastatic breast cancers. This side-effect is likely due to the central role of PI3K in insulin signalling. Here we report the use of a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor to manage severe hyperglycemia.

Case presentation
We describe a 74-year-old woman who developed severe uncontrolled hyperglycemia after commencing alpelisib, a new oral PI3K inhibitor indicated for a metastatic breast cancer, despite taking oral anti-diabetic drugs, metformin and vildagliptin, combined with intravenous insulin infusion of up to 250 units/day. The introduction of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin rapidly improved blood glucose with a drastic reduction in insulin dosage, from 250 to 12 units/day, and without significant side-effects.

Conclusions
We report the successful management of hyperglycemia induced by alpelisib using a SGLT2 inhibitor without the need to discontinue effective cancer treatment.
Single-cell and spatial analyses of cancer cells: toward elucidating the molecular mechanisms of clonal evolution and drug resistance acquisition
Authors: Nagasawa Satoi , Kashima Yukie , Suzuki Ayako , Suzuki Yutaka 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEven within a single type of cancer, cells of various types exist and play interrelated roles. Each of the individual cells resides in a distinct microenvironment and behaves differently. Such heterogeneity is the most cumbersome nature of cancers, which is occasionally uncountable when effective prevention or total elimination of cancers is attempted. To understand the heterogeneous nature of each cell, the use of conventional methods for the analysis of “bulk” cells is insufficient. Although some methods are high-throughput and compressive regarding the genes being detected, the obtained data would be from the cell mass, and the average of a large number of the component cells would no longer be measured. Single-cell analysis, which has developed rapidly in recent years, is causing a drastic change. Genome, transcriptome, and epigenome analyses at single-cell resolution currently target cancer cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells of vessels, and circulating and infiltrating immune cells. In fact, surprisingly diverse features of clonal evolution of cancer cells, during the development of cancer or acquisition of drug resistance, accompanied by corresponding gene expression changes in the circumstantial stromal cells, appeared in recent single-cell analyses. Based on the obtained novel insights, better optimal drug selection and new drug administration sequences were started. Even a remaining concern of the single cell analyses is being addressed. Until very recently, it was impossible to obtain positional information of cells in cancer via single-cell analysis because such information is lost during preparation of single-cell suspensions. A new method, collectively called spatial transcriptome (ST) analysis, has been developed and rapidly applied to various clinical specimens. In this review, we first outline the recent achievements of single-cell cancer analysis in analyzing the molecular basis underlying the acquisition of drug resistance, particularly focusing on the latest anti-epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, osimertinib. Further, we review the currently available ST analysis methods and introduce our recent attempts regarding the respective topics.
Regression tree modelling to predict total average extra costs in household spending during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lotfy Nesma 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Prevention of coronavirus (COVID-19) regarding households has many aspects, such as buying mask, hand sanitizer, face shield, and many others. As a result of buying the previous items, the household spending per month will increase during the COVID-19 pandemic period. This study aimed to calculate the average costs of each extra item involved in households spending during COVID-19 pandemic and to predict the total average extra costs spending by households.

Results
Most of the respondents were females (81%) and aged between 30 and 40 (56.3%). About 63.1% of families had the same monthly income while 35.4% had a decrease in monthly income. A significant reduction in days of leaving home before and after COVID-19 pandemic was observed (before; median = 6, after; median = 5, P =  < 0.001). The extra spending in grocery was the dominated item compared to other items (mean = 707.2 L.E./month, SD = 530.7). Regarding regression tree, the maximum average extra costs due to COVID-19 pandemic were 1386 L.E./month (around 88.56$/month (1$—> 15.65L.E.)) while the minimum average extra costs were 217 L.E./month (around 13.86$/month).

Conclusions
The effect of COVID-19 pandemic in households spending varies largely between households, it depends on what they do to prevent COVID-19.