bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Studies Of Three Formulated Artificial Litchi Flavored Drinks Under Storage
Authors: Saeid Abu , Deb Niebaron Kumar , Eliyas  , Sarkar Sree Surozit , Debnath Milon , Islam Md. Taherul , Islam Md. Tawhidul 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The aim to the present study was to formulate of artificial litchi flavored drinks, to assess quality parameters like pH, acidity, TSS and sensory characteristics of three formulated artificial litchi flavored drinks were investigated under 28 days of storage at ambient (30±2°C) temperature. The pH values for all samples varied from 3.53 to 3.65 under the entire storage duration. The acidity found in three different samples ranged from 0.155 to 0.161% under storage condition. The TSS possess among the samples between 15.43 to 16.10°Brix. The sensory profile of three different formulation was evaluated in terms of color, flavor, taste and overall acceptability. The sensory parameters were followed the decreasing trend after end of the storage except sample 3. Although, initially sample 3 found in lowest sensory acceptance but retained the more stable score under the entire storage period which is significantly different (P≤0.05) from other samples. Considering pH, acidity, TSS values under entire storage condition the formulation of sample 3 had shown better results although with few exceptions there was no significant difference (P≤0.05) among the samples. However, end of the study we recommended that, the formulation of sample 3 had better among other sample 1 and sample 2 in terms of quality and cost.
The Impact of Competitive Individual School Sports on the Individual’s Future Participation in Competitive Organisational Situations (Based on Empirical Evidence)
Authors: Juhász Tímea , Kálmán Botond , Tóth Arnold 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Competitive pressures at the workplace have already become standard issue. Participation in rivalrous situations and related attitudes are influenced by several factors, out of which a few can be traced back into childhood. Aspiration and over-ambitiousness surround our everyday lives from childhood: there is an intensive rivalry for good grades in secondary school or better performance in youth sports. These experiences all integrate into adulthood behavioural patterns. The authors investigated to what extent childhood competitive motivations influenced subsequent participation in competitive situations at the workplace, if these motivations remain in adulthood, and furthermore, how these incentives fluctuated with time. Based on the results of their questionnaire survey constellating actual and retrospective information, they concluded that competitive incitation of juveniles were still identifiable during later stages of life, albeit they vaguely mutated over time. The results are applicable in miscellaneous practical fields. At the workplace, the attitude of workers is, in turn, definable even before their admission. As regards education and career, answers received for questionnaires being constructed based on these results may assist in the methodology of formulation of the necessary everyday skill.
The assessment of consecutive 4D-CT scans during simulation for lung stereotactic body radiation therapy patients
Authors: Savanovic Milovan , Strbac Bojan , Jaros Drazan , Foulquier Jean-Noel 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the breathing amplitude, tumor motion, patient positioning, and treatment volumes among consecutive four-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) scans, during the simulation for lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).

Material and methods: The variation and shape of the breathing amplitude, patient positioning, and treatment volumes were evaluated for 55 lung cancer patients after consecutive 4D-CT acquisitions, scanned at one-week intervals. The impact of variation in the breathing amplitude on lung tumor motion was determined for 20 patients. The gross tumor volume (GTV) was contoured from a free-breathing CT scan and at ten phases of the respiratory cycle, for both 4D-CTs (440 phases in total).

Results: Breathing amplitude decreased by 3.6 (3.4-4.9) mm, tumor motion by 3.2 (0.4-5.0) mm while breathing period increased by 4 (2-6) s, inter-scan for 20 patients. Intra-scan variation was 4 times greater for the breathing amplitude, 5 times for the breathing period, and 8 times for the breathing cycle, comparing irregular versus regular breathing patterns for 55 patients. Using coaching, the breathing amplitude increases 3 to 8 mm, and the breathing period 2 to 6 s. Differences in the contoured treatment volumes were less than 10% between consecutive scans. Patient positioning remained stable, with a small inter-scan difference of 1.1 (0.6-1.4) mm.

Conclusion: Decreasing the inter-scan breathing amplitude decreases the tumor motion reciprocally. When the breathing amplitude decreases, the breathing period increases at inter- and intra-scan, especially during irregular breathing. Coaching improves respiration, keeping the initial shape of the breathing amplitude. Contoured treatment volumes and patient positioning were reproducible through successive scans.
Numerical Investigation of the Hydrodynamic Performance of the Propeller Behind the Ship with and Without Wed
Authors: Nadery Alireza , Ghassemi Hassan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The presented paper numerically carries out the investigation of the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller behind the ship with and without wake equalizing duct (WED). It is mounted in front of the propeller in order to equalize the ship’s wake flow and improve the propeller performance. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis software STAR-CCM solver was adopted to simulate the KP505 propeller behind the KRISO container ship (KCS) using overlapping grid technology and user-defined functions. To obtain the effect of a –duct on propeller performance, the ship bare hull case, the with-propeller case, and the with-propeller-and-duct case are also computed. Together, these computations provide for a –complete CFD comparison of the duct effects. Also, the Taguchi design of the experiment method is applied to investigate three parameters (angle of attack, trailing edge radius, and chord length) of the duct. Finally, the main dimensions are obtained, and the thrust and torque coefficients are presented and discussed for one blade and whole blades during one cycle. Based on the numerical results, it is indicated that good design increases efficiency by 1.67%, and a –bad design may reduce efficiency by 3.25%. Also, the effect of the WED caused to decrease the pressure pulse by 35.9% in the face side of the propeller blade.
Preliminary Analysis of the Use of Solid Biofuels in a Ship’s Power System
Authors: Zeńczak Wojciech , Gromadzińska Agata Krystosik 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper presents the results of applying ennobled solid biomass via mechanical compaction or torrefaction as fuel for ships, in terms of fire safety, environmental protection, the increase in liquid fuel prices and the dwindling resources of crude oil. The object of investigation is a ship of the ro-pax ferry type, with low cruising range, which is intended for service on the Baltic Sea. The ship’s power system is discussed and the results of calculations of the thermal cycle for a steam turbine power plant are presented. We present a simplified comparative analysis of a fuel bunker for a ship with a power plant including biomass fired boilers, and for a ship with a conventional solution of a motor power plant supplied by ultra-low sulphur fuel originating from crude oil. The advantages of applying a fluidised bed biomass fired boiler are highlighted, and selected results from tests of this boiler are presented. In addition, we assess potential fire hazards on the ship resulting from the storage and transport of pellets, and from pellets after torrefaction.
Experimental and Numerical Investigations of Ultimate Strength of Imperfect Stiffened Plates of Different Slenderness
Authors: Woloszyk Krzysztof , Garbatov Yordan , Kowalski Jakub , Samson Leszek 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyse the behaviour of compressed stiffened plates of different slenderness using experimental and numerical methods. The presented results are part of a long-term project to investigate the ultimate strength of geometrically imperfect structures subjected to different degradation phenomena, including corrosion degradation and locked cracks. Several specimens were subjected to a uniaxial compressive force, and the most important quantities related to the structural behaviour were captured and analysed. A finite element model, accounting for material and geometrical nonlinearities and initial geometrical imperfections, was developed using the commercial software ANSYS. The residual welding-induced stresses were measured in the middle cross-section for two specimens. The initial imperfection was identified by employing a close-range photogrammetry approach. It was concluded that the numerical analyses, based on the finite element model, predict the ultimate strength of stiffened plates accurately, although some deviations were also observed. The detailed analysis with the indication of possible uncertainty is presented, and several conclusions are derived.
A Random Forest Model for the Prediction of Spudcan Penetration Resistance in Stiff-Over-Soft Clays
Authors: Gao Pan , Liu Zhihui , Zeng Ji , Zhan Yiting , Wang Fei 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Punch-through is a major threat to the jack-up unit, especially at well sites with layered stiff-over-soft clays. A model is proposed to predict the spudcan penetration resistance in stiff-over-soft clays, based on the random forest (RF) method. The RF model was trained and tested with numerical simulation results obtained through the Finite Element model, implemented with the Coupled Eulerian Lagrangian (CEL) approach. With the proposed CEL model, the effects of the stiff layer thickness, undrained shear strength ratio, and the undrained shear strength of the soft layer on the bearing characteristics, as well as the soil failure mechanism, were numerically studied. A simplified resistance profile model of penetration in stiff-over-soft clays is proposed, divided into three sections by the peak point and the transition point. The importance of soil parameters to the penetration resistance was analysed. Then, the trained RF model was tested against the test set, showing a good prediction of the numerical cases. Finally, the trained RF was validated against centrifuge tests. The RF model successfully captured the punch-through potential, and was verified using data recorded in the field, showing advantages over the SNAME guideline. It is supposed that the trained RF model should give a good prediction of the spudcan penetration resistance profile, especially if trained with more field data.
Influence of Fin’s Material Capabilities on the Propulsion System of Biomimetic Underwater Vehicle
Authors: Piskur Pawel , Szymak Piotr , Kitowski Zygmunt , Flis Leszek 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The technology of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) is developing in two main directions focusing on improving autonomy and improving construction, especially driving and power supply systems. The new Biomimetic Underwater Vehicles (BUVs) are equipped with the innovative, energy efficient driving system consisting of artificial fins. Because these driving systems are not well developed yet, there are great possibilities to optimize them, e.g. in the field of materials. The article provides an analysis of the propulsion force of the fin as a function of the characteristics of the material from which it is made. The parameters of different materials were used for the fin design and their comparison. The material used in our research was tested in a laboratory to determine the Young’s modulus. For simplicity, the same fin geometry (the length and the height) was used for each type of fin. The Euler–Bernoulli beam theory was applied for estimation of the fluid–structure interaction. This article presents the laboratory test stand and the results of the experiments. The laboratory water tunnel was equipped with specialized sensors for force measurements and fluid–structure interaction analysis. The fin deflection is mathematically described, and the relationship between fin flexibility and the generated driving force is discussed.
Oxygen Evolution Reaction on a N-Doped Co0.5-Terminated Co3o4 (001) Surface
Authors: Kaptagay Gulbanu A. , Sandibaeva Nazira A. , Inerbaev Talgat M. , Mastrikov Yuri A. , Kotomin Eugene A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Recent experimental findings suggest that the catalytic activity of Co3O4 for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) could be improved by nitrogen doping. We present preliminary OER modelling on a N-doped Co3O4 surface, with varying concentration of the dopant and its spatial distribution around Cooct and Cotet adsorption sites. The overpotential was calculated for two adsorption sites on seven types of N-doped Co3O4 surface. The largest calculated overpotential value for a N-doped surface was ~1V.
Successful implementation of integrated care in Slovenian primary care
Authors: Susič Antonija Poplas , Klemenc-Ketiš Zalika 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
For the purpose of celebrating the 40th anniversary of Alma Ata declaration, the WHO published a successful model of integrated patient care being performed in Slovenia. After two years, the WHO experts evaluated the success in practise during a visit to the Slovenian primary care environment. This report showed that Slovenia was a notable exception regarding developing effective primary care systems. The country has an impressive primary care which performs very well.
The eating motivations scale (EATMOT): Development and validation by means of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM)
Authors: Guiné Raquel P. F. , Duarte João , Ferrão Ana Cristina , Ferreira Manuela , Correia Paula , Cardoso Ana Paula , Bartkiene Elena , Szűcs Viktória , Nemes Levente , Ljubičić Marija , Černelič-Bizjak Maša , Isoldi Kathy , Kenawy Ayman El , Ferreira Vanessa , Straumite Evita , Korzeniowska Małgorzata , Vittadini Elena , Leal Marcela , Frez-Muñoz Lucia , Papageorgiou Maria , Djekić Ilija 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Introduction
The objective was to develop and validate an instrument that measures different determinants of people’s food choices and simultaneously accounts for a variety of factors: health, emotions, price and availability, society and culture, environment and politics, and marketing and advertising.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study focusing on food choice determinants. It was carried out in 16 countries in 2017 and 2018. This study included 11,960 volunteer adult participants from different countries. The data was validated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM).

Results
Validation using CFA with SEM revealed that multi-factor modelling produced first- and second-order models that could be used to define the EATMOT scale, the first presenting better fitting indices, with the goodness-of-fit and comparative-fit indices very close to 1, as well as root-mean-square-error-of-approximation, root-mean-square-residual and standardised-root-mean-square-residual at practically zero.

Conclusion
The validated EATMOT scale guarantees confidence in the information obtained through this instrument, and can be used in future studies to better understand food choice determinants in different geographical areas and help plan strategies to improve healthy eating patterns and diminish the burden of non-communicable diseases.
Association between preventive behaviour and anxiety at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in Slovenia
Authors: Velikonja Nevenka Kregar , Erjavec Karmen , Verdenik Ivan , Hussein Mohsen , Velikonja Vislava Globevnik 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Introduction
The first large outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in Europe occurred in Northern Italy in February 2020. The relatively fast spread of the infection to Slovenia was expected, and preventive measures for its suppression were widely discussed.

Methods
An online questionnaire was designed to evaluate adherence to preventive measures and the extent to which the taking of preventive measures was associated with people’s anxiety level, psychological burden, their perceived vulnerability to disease, germ aversion and a number of demographic characteristics in the early stage of Covid-19 spread. The survey was active for 24 hours (13–14 March 2020). There were 12,307 responses and 7,764 questionnaires were completed in full.

Results
Higher preventive behaviour was found in individuals who experienced greater psychological distress, were more anxious, and expressed greater perceived infectability and germ aversion. Greater compliance with preventive behaviour was found among women, those sharing a household with people aged over 65, the elderly and those who knew somebody who had been infected. These groups also showed higher anxiety levels, which appeared to be significantly increased in general as a result of the specific situation. Quarantine was evaluated as the most efficient preventive measure, and was respected relatively strictly even before it became an officially announced protective measure.

Conclusion
This research reveals a strong association between preventive behaviour and anxiety. Anxiety, together with social distancing, may affect physical and psychological health in the population in the long term. Other aspects of public health might therefore be influenced by the measures currently being enforced to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
On the Maximum Order Complexity of Thue–Morse and Rudin–Shapiro Sequences along Polynomial Values
Authors: Popoli Pierre 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Both the Thue–Morse and Rudin–Shapiro sequences are not suitable sequences for cryptography since their expansion complexity is small and their correlation measure of order 2 is large. These facts imply that these sequences are highly predictable despite the fact that they have a large maximum order complexity. Sun and Winterhof (2019) showed that the Thue–Morse sequence along squares keeps a large maximum order complexity. Since, by Christol’s theorem, the expansion complexity of this rarefied sequence is no longer bounded, this provides a potentially better candidate for cryptographic applications. Similar results are known for the Rudin–Shapiro sequence and more general pattern sequences. In this paper we generalize these results to any polynomial subsequence (instead of squares) and thereby answer an open problem of Sun and Winterhof. We conclude this paper by some open problems.
Point Distribution and Perfect Directions in 𝔽p2\mathbb{F}_p^2
Authors: Lev Vsevolod F. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Let p ≥ 3 be a prime,

S
⊆

𝔽

p
2

S \subseteq \mathbb{F}_p^2

a nonempty set, and

w
:

𝔽

p
2

→
R

w:\mathbb{F}_p^2 \to R

a function with supp w = S. Applying an uncertainty inequality due to András Bíró and the present author, we show that there are at most

1
2

|
S
|

{1 \over 2}\left| S \right|

directions in

𝔽

p
2

\mathbb{F}_p^2

such that for every line l in any of these directions, one has

∑

z
∈
l

w

(
z
)

=

1
p

∑

z
∈

𝔽

p
2

w

(
z
)

,

\sum\limits_{z \in l} {w\left( z \right) = {1 \over p}\sum\limits_{z \in \mathbb{F}_p^2} {w\left( z \right),} }

except if S itself is a line and w is constant on S (in which case all, but one direction have the property in question). The bound

1
2

|
S
|

{1 \over 2}\left| S \right|

is sharp.
As an application, we give a new proof of a result of Rédei-Megyesi about the number of directions determined by a set in a finite affine plane.
Computerization of the Fiscal Administration as One of the Conditions of Smart Administration in Poland
Authors: Pilarz Karina 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Public administration is constantly changing, with the objective of keeping up with the social, economic and technological developments of the modern world. It is opening up to modern technologies, introducing ever newer innovations and attempting to satisfy the needs of the citizens. It is no longer seen to such a large extent as an archaic structure that is blind to reforms and modernization; as a result of which, it can start to be perceived as a smart organization. New instruments are being introduced in many areas of administration, one of them being the fiscal administration. The changes related to the ability to communicate electronically with the tax authorities, submit electronic tax returns or pay stamp duty electronically are certainly aspects that have a positive impact on the whole image of administration, enabling it to be referred to as ‘smart’. The paper provides an overview on the fiscal administration system in Poland and e-services provided thereby.
School and Education as a Part of Public Administration in the Perspective of a Smart Organisation – Selected Attributes
Authors: Raszewska-Skałecka Renata 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The study is aimed at emphasising the selected aspects of smart education with regard to the school perceived as an intelligent knowledge-based organisation challenged by state-of-the-art civilisational and technological educational solutions. The study focuses on school and education with respect to the structure and function of public administration perceived as an intelligent organisation. School and educational services will determine and influence future generations of public administration staff. Their brainpower as well intellectual resources (knowledge, skills and experience) will serve the welfare of the society. Highly intelligent administration may win the respect for the organisation itself and for its services rendered to the society.
Smart Administration– Really? Why Not? Introduction
Authors: Korczak Jerzy 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In an increasingly smarter world, where increasingly more areas of social life are encompassed by “smart solutions”, public administration cannot remain on the outside or in opposition to this process. The scholars of the Section of the Public Administration System at the Institute of Administrative Sciences of Faculty of Law, Administration and Economics at the University of Wrocław, have decided to devote a collective publication to the matter of smart administration. The articles comprising this volume present a rich array of topics related to the issue of smart administration, as each of the authors has chosen a different area of administrative activity.