bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SINERGITAS GURU DAN ORANG TUA DALAM INTEGRASI NILAI KARAKTER PADA PEMBELAJARAN DARING DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Astuti Sri , Pramudiani Puri , Masykuroh Khusniyati , Ulfah Syafika 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan pola sinergitas antara guru dan orang tua dalam integrasi nilia-nilai karakter pada pembelajaran daring di masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kombinasi yang menggabungkan antara penelitian kuantitatif dan penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan data dengan menggunakan angket dan wawancara. Responden penelitian ini yaitu guru dan orang tua siswa dari tiga Sekolah Dasar Muhammadiyah, yaitu SD Muhammadiyah Bojonggede Provinsi Jawa Barat, SD Muhammadiyah 24 Rawamangun Provinsi DKI Jakarta, dan SD Muhammadiyah 12 Pamulang Provinsi Banten. Responden berjumlah 25 guru dan 141 orang tua. Angket menggunakan skala likert, dan data yang didapatkan dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa pada indikator pembimbingan karakter, sinergitas guru dan orang tua di tiga sekolah tersebut sudah berjalan baik. Keduanya telah bersama-sama memberikan pembimbingan karakter kepada anak. Sedangkan untuk indikator penilaian karakter dan menjalin komunikasi terdapat perbedaan pola sinergitas antara guru dan orang tua di ketiga sekolah tersebut. SYNERGY OF TEACHERS AND PARENTS IN INTEGRATION OF CHARACTER VALUES IN ONLINE LEARNING IN THE TIME OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC This study aimed to map the synergy pattern between teachers and parents in the integration of character values in online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research used a mixed method that combined quantitative research and qualitative research. Data collection techniques used questionnaires and interviews. Respondents of this study were teachers and parents of students from three Muhammadiyah elementary schools, namely SD Muhammadiyah Bojonggede, West Java Province, SD Muhammadiyah 24 Rawamangun, DKI Jakarta Province, and SD Muhammadiyah 12 Pamulang Banten Province. The respondents were 25 teachers and 141 parents. The questionnaire used the Likert scale, and the data obtained were analyzed using quantitative descriptive followed by qualitative analysis. Based on the results of the study, it was found that for the indicators of character guidance, the synergy of teachers and parents in the three schools had gone well, both of them had jointly provided character guidance to children. However, for the indicators of character assessment and establishing communication (between teacher and parents), there were differences in synergy patterns between the three schools.
EFIKASI DIRI GURU SLTP DALAM MENGINTEGRASIKAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER PADA PEMBELAJARAN KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Kamil Dairabi , Jamin Ahmad , Yusuf Muhammad , Harahap Samsul Bahry 
Published: November 2021

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur Efikasi-diri guru SLTP dalam mengintegrasikan 18 nilai pendidikan karakter ke dalam proses pembelajaran dan menganalisis apakah terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan secara statistik efikasi diri guru tersebut pada beberapa variabel demografis yang relevan. Data dikumpulkan melalui penyebaran angket. Sampel penelitiannya 132 guru SLTP di Kota Sungai Penuh yang dipilih secara acak. Analisis data untuk mengukur Efikasi Diri guru dilakukan dengan analisis Rasch, sementara perbedaan signifikan efikasi diri guru pada variabel demografi yang relevan diidentifikasi dengan uji statistik inferensial. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa peserta didik memiliki efikasi diri yang relatif tinggi dalam mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter ke dalam proses pembelajaran, dengan tingkat efikasi diri tertinggi ditemukan pada integrasi nilai "Religius" dan terendah pada integrasi nilai "Peduli Lingkungan". Secara umum responden cenderung memiliki efikasi diri yang tinggi pada integrasi nilai-nilai yang terkait dengan ranah olah pikir dan olah hati dibandingkan nilai-nilai pada ranah olah rasa dan olahraga. Uji statistik inferensial menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antarkelompok usia yang guru seniornya cenderung memiliki efikasi diri lebih tinggi dibanding guru junior. Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Karakter, Efikasi-diri, Rasch analysis
Facial and Vocal Markers of Schizophrenia Measured Using Remote Smartphone Assessments: Observational Study
Authors: Abbas Anzar , Hansen Bryan J , Koesmahargyo Vidya , Yadav Vijay , Rosenfield Paul J , Patil Omkar , Dockendorf Marissa F , Moyer Matthew , Shipley Lisa A , Perez-Rodriguez M Mercedez , Galatzer-Levy Isaac R 
Published: November 2021

Background
Machine learning–based facial and vocal measurements have demonstrated relationships with schizophrenia diagnosis and severity. Demonstrating utility and validity of remote and automated assessments conducted outside of controlled experimental or clinical settings can facilitate scaling such measurement tools to aid in risk assessment and tracking of treatment response in populations that are difficult to engage.

Objective
This study aimed to determine the accuracy of machine learning–based facial and vocal measurements acquired through automated assessments conducted remotely through smartphones.

Methods
Measurements of facial and vocal characteristics including facial expressivity, vocal acoustics, and speech prevalence were assessed in 20 patients with schizophrenia over the course of 2 weeks in response to two classes of prompts previously utilized in experimental laboratory assessments: evoked prompts, where subjects are guided to produce specific facial expressions and speech; and spontaneous prompts, where subjects are presented stimuli in the form of emotionally evocative imagery and asked to freely respond. Facial and vocal measurements were assessed in relation to schizophrenia symptom severity using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.

Results
Vocal markers including speech prevalence, vocal jitter, fundamental frequency, and vocal intensity demonstrated specificity as markers of negative symptom severity, while measurement of facial expressivity demonstrated itself as a robust marker of overall schizophrenia symptom severity.

Conclusions
Established facial and vocal measurements, collected remotely in schizophrenia patients via smartphones in response to automated task prompts, demonstrated accuracy as markers of schizophrenia symptom severity. Clinical implications are discussed.
Internet Search Results for Older Adult Physical Activity Guidelines: Scoping Review
Authors: Harden Samantha M , Murphy Anna , Ratliff Kathryn , Balis Laura E 
Published: November 2021

Background
Older adults seek health-related information through casual internet searches. Yet, researchers focus on peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations as primary dissemination strategies. Representatives of mass media are alerted (passive diffusion) of new studies or recommendations, but the veracity of the information shared is not often analyzed, and when it is, the analysis is often not comprehensive. However, most older adults do not have access to peer-reviewed journal articles or paid subscription services for more reputable media outlets.

Objective
We aimed to determine what information was readily available (ie, open access) to older adults who may casually search the internet for physical activity recommendations.

Methods
We performed a 6-part scoping review to determine the research question and available evidence, and extract data within open-access top hits using popular online search engines. Results were categorized by a dissemination model that has categories of sources, channels, audience, and messages.

Results
After the iterative search process, 92 unique articles were included and coded. Only 5 (5%) cited physical activity guidelines, and most were coded as promoting healthy aging (82/92, 89%) and positive framing (84/92, 91%). Most articles were posed as educational, but the authors’ credentials were rarely reported (ie, 22% of the time). Muscle strengthening and balance components of the physical activity guidelines for older adults were rarely reported (72/92, 78% and 80/92, 87%, respectively) or inaccurately reported (3/92, 3% and 3/92, 3%, respectively).

Conclusions
Inconsistent messages lead to mistrust of science and public health representatives. This work highlights the lack of evidence within existing open-access resources. Further efforts are needed to ensure evidence-based public health messages are in the sources and channels older adults are using to inform their knowledge and behaviors.
A New Digital Assessment of Mental Health and Well-being in the Workplace: Development and Validation of the Unmind Index
Authors: Sierk Anika , Travers Eoin , Economides Marcos , Loe Bao Sheng , Sun Luning , Bolton Heather 
Published: November 2021

Background
Unmind is a workplace, digital, mental health platform with tools to help users track, maintain, and improve their mental health and well-being (MHWB). Psychological measurement plays a key role on this platform, providing users with insights on their current MHWB, the ability to track it over time, and personalized recommendations, while providing employers with aggregate information about the MHWB of their workforce.

Objective
Due to the limitations of existing measures for this purpose, we aimed to develop and validate a novel well-being index for digital use, to capture symptoms of common mental health problems and key aspects of positive well-being.

Methods
In Study 1A, questionnaire items were generated by clinicians and screened for face validity. In Study 1B, these items were presented to a large sample (n=1104) of UK adults, and exploratory factor analysis was used to reduce the item pool and identify coherent subscales. In Study 2, the final measure was presented to a new nationally representative UK sample (n=976), along with a battery of existing measures, with 238 participants retaking the Umind Index after 1 week. The factor structure and measurement invariance of the Unmind Index was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis, convergent and discriminant validity by estimating correlations with existing measures, and reliability by examining internal consistency and test-retest intraclass correlations.

Results
Studies 1A and 1B yielded a 26-item measure with 7 subscales: Calmness, Connection, Coping, Happiness, Health, Fulfilment, and Sleep. Study 2 showed that the Unmind Index is fitted well by a second-order factor structure, where the 7 subscales all load onto an overall MHWB factor, and established measurement invariance by age and gender. Subscale and total scores correlate well with existing mental health measures and generally diverge from personality measures. Reliability was good or excellent across all subscales.

Conclusions
The Unmind Index is a robust measure of MHWB that can help to identify target areas for intervention in nonclinical users of a mental health app. We argue that there is value in measuring mental ill health and mental well-being together, rather than treating them as separate constructs.
Formulation, Development and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Sustained Release Tablets of Lansoprazole Using Natural Polymer
Authors: Sonam , , Jain Nilesh , Banveer Jitendra 
Published: November 2021

The goal of this study is to develop a long-acting Lansoprazole delivery system. Lansoprazole belongs to a class of antisecretory drugs known as substituted benzimidazoles, which decrease gastric acid secretion by inhibiting the (H+,K+)-ATPase enzyme system at the secretory membrane of the stomach parietal cell. Due to its mechanism of action, despite its short half-life of 1-5 hours, it can effectively block acid secretion for 24 hours. However, as his plasma concentration falls, the effect will diminish. Lansoprazole will be given as a sustained release tablet to avoid multiple dosing or to reduce the frequency of dose. Lansoprazole was produced and analysed utilizing natural and synthetic polymers such as Xanthan gum, Gellan gum, Carbopol 940 P, and Chitosan. Based on the findings of this experiment, it was determined that formulation F7 demonstrated sustained drug release for up to 12 hours in all developed formulations. Formulation (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5, and F6) were tested in vitro for drug release. For the improved formulation F7, the formulation and release kinetics were estimated. When the regression coefficient values of were evaluated, it was found that Peppas had the highest ‘r2' value, 0.952, indicating that drug release from formulations followed Peppas release kinetics.
Key words: Lansoprazole, Sustain release tablets, Synthetic and Natural Polymers, formulation, evaluation
GC-MS, FTIR and Antiulcer Screening of Aqueous Seed Extract and Oil of Nigella sativa in Wistar Rats
Authors: Bruce S.O. , Nwafor O.I. , Omoirri M.A. , Adione N.M. , Onyeka I.P. , Ezeoru V.C. 
Published: November 2021

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a sore in the lining of the stomach or duodenal mucosa. This study was aimed at evaluating the antiulcer activity of the aqueous extract of Nigella sativa (black seed) and its constitutents. The pharmacognostic properties of the dry seeds were determined. The seeds were extracted using two methods digestion and hydro-distillation. The acute toxicity, phytochemical constituents and the antiulcer evaluation were performed on ethanol-induced ulcer in wistar rats using a standard method. FTIR and GC-MS analysis of the aqueous seed extract was also determined using standard methods. Nigella sativa seed shows the presence of starch grains, lignified tissues, tannins, cellulose, protein and oil globules. The aqueous extract has a high safety margin. The phytochemical studies revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, fats and oil. The black seed aqueous and oil extract at 500 mg/kg significantly reduced the acidity, total acidity, and ulcer index, and pH of gastric content when compared with the positive control (Famotidine). The FTIR analysis identified the presence of the following functional groups chloro, ether, amine, carboxylic acid, nitriles, methylene, alcohol, while the GC-MS identified five compounds such as glycerin, n-Hexadecanoic acid, 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid-methyl ester, 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid and 9, 12-octadecadienoyl chloride. The pharmacognostic properties can act as a reliable tool for the standardization of the plant part. This study suggests that aqueous and oil extract possess antiulcer properties. Thus the aqueous and oil extract of black seed can be considered as antiulcer medication traditionally.
Keywords: Nigella sativa, Black seed, Pharmacognostic, Phytochemical, Acute toxicity (LD50), Antiulcer.
Zarawand Mudharaj (Aristolochia rotunda Linn.), an important medicinal plant used in Unani system of medicine: A review
Authors: Ansari Athar Parvez , Ansari Huzaifa , Butt Tariq Ahmad , Qayoom Ifra , Ahmed N. Zaheer 
Published: November 2021

Background: Zarawand Mudharaj (Aristolochia rotunda L.) belongs to family Aristolochiaceae. According to Unani scholars, it is a female plant of Aristolochia fontanesii Boiss. & Reut. (Syn. A. longa L.), usually found growing in Mediterranean regions, Central Asia and South Europe.
Purpose of the review: The main aim of this review is to highlight various aspects of Zarawand Mudharaj such as temperament, botanical description, pharmacological properties, therapeutic uses etc, as mentioned in Unani literature that will ultimately guide researchers to design various studies for further exploration of this important medicinal plant.
Materials and methods: The present review has been carried out through extensive literature survey of various classical Unani and botanical texts, and published papers available on different search engines. The botanical names and their synonyms were validated through ‘The Plant List’ (www.theplantlist.org).
Results: In Unani medicine, the rhizome of Zarawand Mudharaj is used for the treatment of several ailments viz. stomach and liver diseases, jaundice, cough, septic wounds, splenomegaly, gout etc. Apart from its use as single drug, it has also been added in many compound preparations viz. Anqarooya-i-Kabir, Habb-i-Rewand, Majun Falasifa, Majun Dabeedul Ward etc. A study on physicochemical standardization of rhizome of Aristolochia rotunda L. has reported the presence of moisture content, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, sulphated ash, alcohol and water-soluble extractive values within normal limits. The same study has also revealed that the hydro-alcoholic extract of rhizome of Aristolochia rotunda L. possesses significant hepatoprotective activity against CCl4 induced liver toxicity in albino Wistar rats. Several toxicity reports have pointed out that aristolochic acid containing herbal drugs including Aristolochia rotunda L. cause renal impairment and other serious adverse reactions.
Conclusion: It is concluded that Aristolochia rotunda L. is widely used in Unani system of medicine. However, extensive studies on pharmacognosy, pharmacology, toxicology, phytochemistry and quality control of different parts of this potential medicinal plant have not been carried out so far. Therefore, such studies on modern scientific parameters may be conducted for further exploration so that the benefits may reach the masses.
Keywords: Zarawand Mudharaj; Aristolochia rotunda L.; Unani medicine; Hepatoprotective; Aristolochic acid; Toxicity
Vaginal delivery of clotrimazole by mucoadhesion for treatment of candidiasis
Authors: Rao Monica RP , Paul Gajanan 
Published: November 2021

The aim of this study was to prepare mucoadhesive vaginal tablets of clotrimazole for treatment of vaginal candidiasis. A combination of mucoadhesive polymers like HPMC K100M, Sodium CMC, and Eudragit L100 were used in different ratios prepare solid dispersions to enhance its solubility. Tablets were prepared by the wet granulation method. Solid dispersions were evaluated for saturation solubility. All tablet batches were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content, swelling index, in vitro drug release study, ex vivo diffusion and mucoadhesive strength. FTIR spectra showed there was no interaction between the drug and the excipients. HPMC K100 M increased the solubility of clotrimazole in simulated vaginal fluid at pH 4.5. Eudragit L100 was shown to increase the swelling and mucoadhesive strength of the tablet, i.e., 3.03 and 3.29 g. The in vitro and ex vivo release of all 9 batches showed between 61 to 78% release in 8h. Ex vivo diffusion studies using sheep vaginal membrane showed 43 to 59% in 6h in simulated vaginal fluid. The release and flux were nearly comparable to marketed tablet i.e., Candid-V6. The drug release of all batches followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model, and the mechanism was found to be non‐Fickian/anomalous.
Keywords: Clotrimazole, solid dispersion, HPMC K100M, Eudragit L100, Sodium CMC.
Inhibition of α-amylase activity of Chamaecrista nigricans (Vahl) Greene (Fabaceae-Caesalpinioideae) and Pseudocedrela kotschyi (Schweinf.) Harms (Meliaceae) water extracts
Authors: SANOU Yacouba , SOMDA Martin Bienvenu , OUATTARA Lassina , DRABO Flora Anne Claire , OUEDRAOGO Relwendé Justin , MEDA Roland NagTiero , OUEDRAOGO Georges Anicet 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Antioxidants and glucosidases inhibitors are interesting in diabetes mellitus prevention and its management. However, conventional drugs have a multitude of unenviable side effects. Thus, research is turning towards herbal remedies, hence this study that was interested in two plants used in the traditional treatment of diabetes in Bobo-Dioulasso. Objective: The aim was to evaluate Chamaecrista (C.) nigricans and Pseudocedrela (P.) kotschyi roots water extracts effect on sorghum α-amylase activity.
Methodology: Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were quantified using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum trichloride, respectively. FRAP, DPPH and ABTS methods were used to estimate the extracts antioxidant activity. The α-amylase inhibition tests were carried out using the glucose assay method with dinitrosalicylic acid.
Results: The C. nigricans and P. kotschyi extracts have shown strong antioxidant activities, 7031.52±15 and 8762.35±51 µmol AAE.g-1E respectively, referring to trolox using ABTS method. These extracts have also shown an inhibitory effect of 98.57% and 97.67% respectively on α-amylase activity.
Conclusion/perspectives: These plants have in vitro an interesting anti-amylasic potential. Further investigations will be necessary using a pure enzyme and a wider range of concentration of the extracts in order to determine the kinetic parameters and the fractionation by chromatography to determine the most effective fraction(s). Finally, an in vivo evaluation of the anti-diabetic effect of the extracts could be considered.
Keywords: anti α-amylase, antioxidant, Chamaecrista nigricans, Pseudocedrela kotschyi.
Systematic Review on the Effectiveness of Strategies for Increasing Insulin Bioavailability in Oral Route Delivery Systems Based on Manufacturing Techniques and Materials Used
Authors: KRISNA ADIVA PUJA , Ningrum Hendri Wahyu , Fimannuha Tamara Laily , Puspita Oktavia Eka 
Published: November 2021

Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. All patients with type 1 diabetes and many type 2 diabetes require insulin therapy to achieve reasonable glycemic control. During this time, insulin is given through the subcutaneous injection route because it can be destroyed by gastric acid when given orally. Until now, many studies have developed oral insulin therapy using various delivery system strategies. This systematic literature review aims to answer several questions about the effect of technique and material on increasing oral insulin bioavailability and the best technique and type of material that can produce the best oral insulin bioavailability. We searched for published articles regarding the development of oral route insulin. Bioavailability parameters were assessed based on plasma insulin levels for relative bioavailability values and/or plasma glucose levels for pharmacological bioavailability values. Conclusion: The manufacturing technique in the delivery system affects insulin stability in maintaining its conformation to provide a therapeutic effect. The type of substance affects insulin bioavailability through its properties in paving the way for insulin across various barriers in the digestive tract. To date, the best results in the development of oral insulin have obtained oral insulin bioavailability of 73.10% achieved by mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) delivery system with layer-by-layer technique coated with [poly (methacrylic acid-co-vinyl triethoxylsilane)] (PMV)].
Keywords: bioavailability, diabetes, insulin, nanoparticles, oral delivery system.