bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leishmaniasis visceral: senderos que confluyen, se bifurcan
Authors: Salomón Oscar Daniel , Mastrángelo Andrea Verónica , Santini María Soledad , Ruvinsky Silvina , Orduna Tomás , Sinagra Angel , Concepción Luna , Riarte Adelina , Casas Natalia , Amiotti Paola 
Published: April 2021

La leishmaniasis visceral urbana es una zoonosis emergente en Argentina. En América es producida por Leishmania infantum, con el perro como reservorio principal e insectos flebotomíneos como vectores. En este artículo se presenta el conocimiento acumulado a partir de su emergencia y dispersión en el país, por los referentes del Programa Nacional de Leishmaniasis, en el diagnóstico clínico y de laboratorio, tratamiento, biología de vectores, manejo de reservorio, y el conflicto generado con las acciones recomendadas en relación con los perros infectados. La detección temprana y el tratamiento precoz, con estrategias descentralizadas y horizontales, contribuirán a disminuir la morbimortalidad asociada a la leishmaniasis visceral. El control de su transmisión y dispersión requiere de un manejo ambiental integral y la tenencia responsable de perros. Se discuten los intereses y discursos en conflicto generados por la leishmaniasis visceral en el marco de la relación humano-perro, proponiendo la búsqueda de un discurso consensuado de riesgo.
Balance epidemiológico argentino
Authors: Carrillo Ramón 
Published: April 2021

Este texto de Ramón Carrillo (1906-1956) corresponde al discurso de apertura de la 2ª Conferencia de Epidemiología y Endemias, del 6 de octubre de 1947. Fue publicado originalmente en 1949 en el libro Política sanitaria argentina, que reúne artículos, conferencias y discursos oficiales de quien, en 1946, decidió asumir el cargo de Secretario de Salud Pública y, posteriormente, fue el primer Ministro de Salud Pública que tuvo la Argentina. En palabras del propio autor: "uno de los triunfos de la medicina contemporánea reside, precisamente, en haber resuelto -o casi resuelto- los graves problemas de las enfermedades infecciosas y que si aún siguen imperando en algunos aspectos se debe pura y exclusivamente a la despreocupación de los gobiernos por las cosas que atañen directamente a la vida y a la salud del pueblo"; lo que no hace más que recordarnos el carácter social de los problemas de salud, enfermedad y atención de los conjuntos sociales. La transcripción de este discurso en la sección "Memoria e historia" tiene el propósito de destacar la vigencia de un pensamiento sanitario formulado hace 65 años, que interpela la realidad sanitaria argentina actual.
Research on Identification Algorithm of Fragile Nodes: Based on Static and Dynamic Combination of Uncertainty in New Energy
Authors: Lin Yingming , Yan Binjie , Gu Dongjian 
Published: April 2021

<p>In this work, <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">t</span>aking the coupled 54-node power distribution system and 25-node power flow system as examples, the effectiveness of this method is verified. In addition, a multi-objective ADN joint planning model is established by means of Wasserstein distance measurement and K-medoid scenario analysis. The location, size RES, BESS and expansion schemes of distribution network based on this model are analyzed in detail, in order to provide scientific, reliable, and cost-maximized EVCS’s charging service capabilities. More importantly, we propose a multi-objective optimization algorithm−MONAA algorithm to solve the model.</p>
Analysis on Design and Optimization Measures of Automobile Electronic and Electrical Architecture
Authors: Niu Yitong 
Published: April 2021

<p>With the development of society and economy, automobile ha<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman';">s</span> become an indispensable means of transportation for people’s daily life and work. It has become the key development goal of automobile industry to improve the performance of automobiles and providing people with a safe and comfortable riding environment. This paper takes the electronic and electrical structure and optimization measures of automobile as the research object, and provides reference for automobile development by studying the electronic and electrical structure and optimization process.</p>
Modelos explicativos del VIH/SIDA entre la población awajún de comunidades intervenidas por el Fondo Global en el marco de la estrategia contra el VIH
Authors: Chávez Giannina 
Published: April 2021

Este artículo presenta una aproximación a los modelos explicativos sobre el VIH/SIDA que circulan entre la población awajún de comunidades que han sido intervenidas por el Fondo Global en el marco de la estrategia contra el VIH. En ese sentido, se entiende la salud como una instancia de interrelación entre el pueblo y el Estado, y por lo tanto, se tiene en cuenta que los diálogos o encuentros médicos, donde se habla de la enfermedad, son determinantes en la experiencia de la enfermedad, pues reflejan un marco de relaciones sociales determinadas histórica y políticamente.
Para ello se ha realizado trabajo de campo en el mes de febrero, agosto y setiembre del 2017 en comunidades nativas de la etnia Awajún en el río Cenepa, en Amazonas. A través de la observación constante y participante, y entrevistas abiertas y a profundidad se ha investigado cómo circula y se negocia la información con respecto al VIH/SIDA desde los distintos actores involucrados en la lucha contra el VIH, cómo el contexto sociopolítico afecta los modelos explicativos y cómo expresan su relación con el Estado. Las diversas percepciones y casos recogidos manifiestan modelos de conspiración sobre el ingreso del virus a la zona y modelos de daño y brujería, cuestionando la existencia de la enfermedad y el potencial beneficio del tratamiento. En ese sentido, se vinculan a la relación entre esta población, el Estado y el sistema de salud; así como con condiciones de pobreza y desigualdad; que llevan a la constante negociación y reinterpretación de modelos explicativos en el marco de esta estrategia.
Cultura Cabocla
Authors: Martins Pedro , Welter Tânia 
Published: April 2021

Neste texto, trataremos de apresentar resultados parciais de pesquisa levada a cabo na área rural de Santa Catarina enfocando o segmento da população camponesa identificada como “caboclos” – que será observada a partir do contexto rural mas considerando o processo migratório campo-cidade-campo que caracteriza a dinâmica populacional deste segmento nos tempos atuais. Trata-se de abordar esta parcela da população a partir das diversas categorias identitárias buscando identificar os critérios de atribuição destas categorias, sua operacionalidade política (para a população alvo), científica (para os pesquisadores) e a dinâmica cultural subjacente aos diversos processos históricos a ele associados. Ao tratar do conceito de cultura cabocla, optamos por uma visão não essencialista que negue a abordagem de cultura como totalidade – distinta, homogênea, estável e atemporal (Wolf, 2003:12), e buscamos enfocar a dinâmica cultural em suas facetas, especialmente as manifestações religiosas, numa perspectiva relacional, com destaque para as interações e interconexões sociais (Hall, 2003).
Corona Children Studies "Co-Ki": First Results of a Germany-Wide Registry on Mouth and Nose Covering (Mask) in Children
Authors: Schwarz Silke , Jenetzky Ekkehart , Krafft Hanno , Maurer Tobias , Martin David 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background: Narratives about complaints in children and adolescents caused by wearing a mask are accumulating. There is, to date, no registry for side effects of masks.Methods: In the context of the www.co-ki.de multi-study-complex an online registry has been set up where parents, doctors, pedagogues and others can enter their observations. On 20.10.2020, 363 doctors were asked to make entries and to make parents and teachers aware of the registry.Results: By 26.10.2020 the registry had been used by 20,353 people. In this publication we report the results from the parents, who entered data on a total of 25,930 children. The average reported wearing time of masks was 270 minutes per day. Impairments caused by wearing the mask were reported by 68% of the parents. These included irritability (60%), headache (53%), difficulty concentrating (50%), less happiness (49%), reluctance to go to school/kindergarten (44%), malaise (42%) impaired learning (38%) and drowsiness or fatigue (37%).Discussion: This world's first registry for recording the effects of wearing masks in children is dedicated to a new research question. Bias with respect to preferential documentation of children who are particularly severely affected or who are fundamentally critical of protective measures cannot be dismissed. The frequency of the registry’s use and the spectrum of symptoms registered indicate the importance of the topic and call for representative surveys, randomized controlled trials with various masks and a renewed risk-benefit assessment for the vulnerable group of children.
sp− Closedness and sp − Convergent Sequences in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Metric Space
Authors: khan vakeel A. , AHMAD MOBEEN , khan Izhar Ali 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The aim of present article is to introduce the concepts of sp– convergent sequence in intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces and analyze relations of convergence, sp– convergence, s∞– convergence and st– convergence in intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces. Further, we examine sp– convergence, s∞– convergence and st– convergence using the subsequence of convergent sequence in intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces. Stationary intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces are defined and investigated. We Finally define sp– closed sets, s∞– closed sets and st– closed sets in intuitionistic fuzzy metric spaces and investigate relations of them.
On the Lacunary Statistical Convergence of Triple Sequences in Fuzzy Metric Spaces
Authors: Gürdal Mehmet , Savaş Ekrem 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this research paper, we analyze the lacunary statistical convergence and lacunary statistical Cauchy concepts of triple sequence in fuzzy metric space. We also introduce the concept of triple lacunary statistical completeness and prove some basic properties.
Detecting Replica Node in Distributed Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: L Sujihelen , Senthilsingh C 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Security is an important problem in wireless sensor networks. There are more attacks in WSN. Node replication attack is an important attack in wireless sensor networks which can be easily captured by adversaries. In this attack, the node will behave as an original node and collect all the information which is transferred in the network and passes to the attacker node. Some existing schemes are proposed for predicting the replica nodes. In existing method, the detection rate is less, communication cost is high. To increase the detection accuracy and to increase the communication cost, a History of Neighbor Node (HNN) method is proposed. The proposed HNN approach detects the replicated node locally and globally. The HNN method detection accuracy is high in any speed limit. Another approach also proposed for static mobile sensor networks, FEC approach, the replicated node is detected based upon the speed, direction and location. In random time the base station verifies the node with the observed speed and direction. The verification is conducted by the SPRT technique. The SPRT technique tests the node which should be rejected (clone node) or accepted (genuine node). Once the clone node is found quickly, then it is removed from the network. The proposed system has high detection accuracy and less communication cost and less energy efficiency when compared with the existing system.
Alteration in Biochemical Constituents and Nutrients Partitioning of Asparagus Racemosus in Response to Elevated Atmospheric CO2 Concentration
Authors: Sharma Rupali , Singh Hukum 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Human-induced CO2 emissions since the preindustrial era have accumulated CO2 in the atmosphere which has influenced the plant structure and function including bio-chemical constituents of the plant system. The Himalayan vegetation has been predicted to be more vulnerable and sensitive to climate change. However, it is still not well documented that how atmospheric CO2 concentration will change the biochemical constituents considering nutrients status of Himalayan endangered plants in future climate change. Hence, we examined the impacts of elevated CO2 concentrations (ambient- ~ 400, 600, and 800 µmol CO2 mol− 1) on biochemical constituents (chlorophyll, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, protein, and total sugars and carbon partitioning) and nutrients response (potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium) in leaf, stem and root tissue of Asparagus racemosus Willd. (an endangered medicinal plant species of Himalayas). The results showed that the elevated CO2 concentration significantly (p ≤ 0.05) enhanced the chlorophyll, protein, total sugars, and carbon accumulation conversely diminished ascorbic acid in leaf tissues. The nutrients accumulation especially potassium and magnesium were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) improved while phosphorus accumulation suppressed under elevated CO2 concentration. Moreover, elevated CO2 notably altered protein, sugars, carbon, and nutrients partitioning in plant tissues viz. leaf, stem, and root of A. racemosus. The fate of rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations beyond 800 µmol CO2 mol− 1 will require much more study. Further studies are needed to understand the impacts of elevated CO2 concentration as well as a combination with other associated climatic variables on biochemical response particularly bioactive ingredients/health-promoting substances and nutrient profiling of this and other endangered medicinal plant species for improving livelihood support of the society.
Modeling and Combined Application of MOEA/D and TOPSIS to Optimize WEDM Performances of A286 Superalloy
Authors: Saha Subhankar , Maity Saikat Ranjan , Dey Sudip , Dutta Saykat 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Superalloys are categorized as difficult to process materials with a broad spectrum of applications in industries. Process modeling and optimization of Wire Electric Discharge Machining (WEDM) performances on Nickel and Titanium based superalloys are widely investigated. However, such investigations on Iron-based Superalloy are still lacking and hence probed in the present article. Thus, the first part of the paper targets modelling the correlation between the performance parameters and the control parameters with two popular techniques: response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) for WEDM of a typical Iron-based superalloy, i.e., A286 Superalloy. A comparison is carried out between the model estimates and the experimental values to check ANN and RSM's prediction accuracy. The estimates by the ANN model are exact and consistent with the experimental results. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) test is performed to perceive the degree of statistical significance of parameters. Moreover, in the second part, a novel two-stage procedure, i.e., a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition (MOEA/D) in collaboration with a decision-making method, i.e., a technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method is implemented to search the optimal condition for process performances. The optimal parametric combination recommended by the proposed optimization approach is Ton = 130 µs, Toff = 52 µs, Ipeak= 12A, Wf = 5 m/min and SV = 30 volt. The proposed optimization technique can also be exploited in other manufacturing processes.
Assessment of eutrophication and nitrogen and phosphorus carrying capacity before and after removing pen culture (2013–2018) in Lake Changhu, China
Authors: Li Xuemei , Zhu Tingbing , He Yongfeng , Wu Xingbing , Zhu Yongjiu , Yang Deguo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this study, the eutrophication levels and nitrogen and phosphorus carrying capacities of Lake Changhu in Jingzhou city, Hubei province, China, were measured using the trophic level index (TLI) and Dillon model. The measurements were taken before (2013 and 2015) and after (2017 and 2018) the removal of pen aquaculture from the lake. The lake was divided into three districts: Lake Haizihu, Mahongtai Channel and Lake Dahu. The results showed total nitrogen (TN), chemical oxygen demand (COD), chlorophyll a (Chl-a), and total suspended solid (TSS) values were significantly higher in 2017 than in the other years. The Lake Haizihu district was predicted to be more seriously polluted than the other districts. In the sediment, the organic matter, STN (TN in sediment) and STP (TP in sediment) contents increased from 2013 to 2018. The mean TLI values ranged from 62.99 to 78.93 in the studied years, and the eutrophication level was highest in 2017. According to the Dillon model, when the target water quality was level III (GB 3838 − 2002, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, 2002), the remaining TN and TP loading capacities were − 1470.72 t/a and − 182.74 t/a, respectively, in 2015, and 320.03 t/a and − 111.14 t/a, respectively, in 2018. The study provide valuable information about the actual water conditions of Lake Changhu, which will help to inform decision-making for the management of water environments.
Gate-Controlled Electron Quantum Interference Logic Devices
Authors: Weinbub Josef , Ballicchia Mauro , Nedjalkov Mihail 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Inspired by using the wave nature of electrons for electron quantum optics, we propose a new type of electron quantum interference logic device (eQILD), where an electron wave is coherently injected into a two-dimensional wave guide and controlled via two gates. Interference effects lead to different current levels in output channels and are utilized for classical logic gates. eQILDs can be reconfigured and support parallelism and multi-valued logic. The operating principle as well as realizations of a logic NAND and NOR gate is shown by means of dynamic quantum Wigner and classical simulations considering coherent/ballistic transport. Contrary to other advanced information processing approaches no magnetic or photonic mechanisms are required. The eQILD is inherently compatible with conventional integrated circuits and thus provides an attractive alternative towards advanced low-power information processing devices with the performance only limited by the single-electron source frequency, i.e., in the GHz regime.
Anti-Neuropathic Pain Activity of A Cationic Palladium (II) Dithiocarbamate By Suppressing The Inflammatory Mediators in Paclitaxel-Induced Neuropathic Pain Model
Authors: Naveed Muhammad , Ullah Rahim , Khan Adnan , Shal Bushra , Khan Ashraf Ullah , Khan Shahan Zeb , Rehman Zia-ur- , Khan Salman 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Neuropathic pain is an obstinate chronic pain state which extremely worsens the quality of life of the suffered population. It is still intended as an intractable disease as existing therapies are not excellent in terms of efficacy and tolerability. Therefore, to search for novel drugs are crucial to acquire satisfactory treatments. The present study investigated the possible antiallodynic, antihyperalgesic and neuroprotective activities of (1,4-bis-(diphenylphosphino) butane) palladium (II)chloride monohydrate-(1) in Paclitaxel (PTX)-induced neuropathic pain model (Fig.10). Initially, 1 (5 and 10 mg/kg, b.w) was investigated for antinociceptive activities at behavioral level by performing mechanical and cold allodynia as well as thermal and tail immersion hyperalgesia. RT-PCR was performed to determine the suppressing effect of 1 on mRNA expression level of iNOS, COX-2 and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). In addition, antioxidant protein and enzymes (GSH, GST, Catalase), NO, MDA level and muscle activity were also determined. The results demonstrate that once daily dosing of 1 significantly repressed the behavioral pain responses dose dependently. Moreover, the mRNA gene expression of iNOS, COX-2 and inflammatory cytokines were reduced noticeably by 1. Furthermore, the treatment enhanced the level of antioxidant enzymes and lowered the level of MDA and NO production with no effect on motor activities of rats. These findings suggest the potential of 1 to attenuate neuropathic pain, neuroinflammation and neuroprotective effect. Thereupon, 1 might be a dynamic candidate for the therapeutic management of chronic neuropathic pain.
The Characterization of Mechanical Properties of Jute/PLA Composites with Modified Nano Sio2 by Coupling Agent
Authors: Song Xueyang , Fang Cuicui , Li Yuanyuan , Zhang Yan , Wang Ping 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Although fibers-reinforced PLA composites show strong application prospects, their low mechanical properties limit their applications to some extent. In this paper, nano-SiO2 particles as well as modified nano SiO2 by coupling agents which can efficiently improve the strength and toughness of composite materials are introduced into the PLA matrix. The bending, stretching and thermal properties of designed jute/PLA nonwoven composites were studied. The study shows that the nano-SiO2 particles are beneficial for the interface performance between the PLA matrix and jute leading to improvement in the mechanical property and thermal stability. Moreover, thermomechanical properties indicate that the addition of SiO2 can improve the jute/PLA interfacial adhesion and increase the glass transition temperature of the material. Finally, toughening mechanism of nano-SiO2 particles in the jute/PLA composite was analyzed.
Effect of ZnO nanoparticles in treatment of broilers with Eimeria tenella. experimentally infected.
Authors: Anah Sadiya Aziz , Hmood Khadeeja Abees , Anah Saad Aziz 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Coccidiosis is one of the common poultry diseases in Iraq and the world, which causes great economic losses. Therefore, this study aimed to use a new treatment represented by nanoparticles of zinc oxide and compare it with the drug (Amprolium). The Oocysts of Eimeria tenella were isolated from the feces of the briolers received at the Veterinary hospital in Diwaniyah Province and initially diagnosed by compound light microscopy,Then it was confirmed molecularly by PCR technique using the internal transcribed space ITS1 gene with a molecular weight of 409bp. The experiment was carried out on 120 birds of broilers, as the animals were divided into 6 groups with 20 birds per group. The first group(G1) was left as a negative control(uninfected), the second group(G2) was inoculated with 50,000 mature Oocysts and left as a positive control group,the third group(G3) was incubated with 50,000 Oocysts + Amprolium (anticoccidial), the fourth, fifth and sixth groups(G4,G5,G6) were also dosed with 50,000 Oocysts followed by an oral dose of nanoparticles of zinc oxide at a concentration of 20,40,60 mg/kg for each of fourth, fifth and sixth groups respectively. The current results showed that the briolers in G2 suffered from severe disease symptoms and high mortality occurred in the first week of infection, amounting to %10 compared to the anticoccidial (Amprolium group and the groups treated with nanoconcentrations 20,40,60 mg/kg respectively.G6 which was dosed with a concentration of 60 mg /kg, showed a significant decrease in the number of Oocysts excreted compared with the positive control group and the anticoccidial group, in addition to the appearance of mild symptoms and a mortality rate of %0.8,While there was a decrease in the number of Oocysts excreted during the second week in the anticoccidial group and the treated groups with the three nanoconcentrations with a decrease in the mortality rates of birds .The number of Oocysts excreted in the litter significantly decreased in the treated group with a concentration of 60 mg/kg compared to all other groups, and all birds of this group recovered during the second week of infection.