bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of drying on antioxidant capacity, sugar content, water content, physical and organoleptic properties of dried candied Dewandaru fruit (Eugeia uniflora L.)
Authors: Asri N K T , Devi M , Soekopitojo S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Dewandaru fruit is a fruit that has many benefits for health. It’s distinctive characteristics make Dewandaru fruit suitable for use as food products in the form of dried sweets. This research is an experimental study using RAL to analyze chemical properties, physical properties and organoeptic properties of dried candied from dewandaru fruits with 4 treatments, drying time for 6 hours, 7 hours, 8 hours and 9 hours with 2 repetitions. The data obtained will be analyzed using One Way ANOVA followed byDMRT further test. The results showed that 9 hours of drying time had the highest chemical properties, namely the antioxidant capacity of 71.49 ppm, sugar content of 47.70 g / 100 grams and water content 35, 33 gr / 100 gram, the highest physical properties were at the reddish level (a +) which was 18.53 but low at the level of brightness (L), namely 9.23 and the yellow level (b +), 57. While the physical properties of the texture of the 9 hour drying time had the highest yield, namely 0.1 Kg / cm2. The highest score for organoleptic properties were taste with 8 hours of drying time, color with 6 hours of drying time, aroma with 6 hours of drying time and no difference in texture.
Application of continuous system electrocoagulation method for textile industry wastewater treatment
Authors: Sutanto  , Warnasih S , Mulyati A H , Intan Y M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Wastewater of textile industry containing any pollutants, turbid and strong color appearance. Electrocoagulation (EC) is a wastewater treatment alternative, which are some factors: distance of electrode, voltage application, and time operation. This research was determined the optimum voltage density and flow rate by continuous system EC. The couples of Al electrode was immercing in the EC chamber by various distance: 1, 5; 3.0; 4.5; 6 cm, and applide 18 volts. The wastewater was passed to the EC chamber by ascending in varieous flow rate: 1, 0; 1.5; 2.0; 2.5 mL s−1. The product was evaluated according to the regulations PermenLH RI no 5/2014, including: COD, TSS, pH, DO, Conductivity, and Al concentration. The result optimum voltage density application is 12 Vcm−1 (18 volts/1.5 cm), and a flow rate 1 mL s−1. COD Removel is 91.80% (1.683 to 138 mgL−1; fulfil the regulations), TSS removel is 87.83% (937 to 114 mg L−1, (not fullfil the regulations), color degradation is 83.98% (239, 14 to 38, 31 mgL−1 PtCo). The others are pH increase in the range of tolerant, DO increase up to 8, 2 mg L−1, Conductivity increase up to 5350 μs cm−1, and Al increase up to 2, 71 mgL−1.
Comparative study of methylene blue adsorption using alkali-activated pumice from Bali and Banten
Authors: Prajaputra V , Abidin Z , Budiarti S , Suryaningtyas D T , Isnaini N 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study presents the comparison of methylene blue (MB) adsorption using alkali-activated pumice from Bali (A-P1) and Banten (A-P2). Pumice samples were activated under alkaline solution and followed by simple hydrothermal treatment in a polypropylene bottle at 100 °C for 24 hours. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that both treated pumices have different peak characteristics, where only A-P1 was dominated by the mineral phase of GIS-NaP1 zeolite. The change of amorphous to zeolite phases increased negative sides and caused A-P1 to have a higher adsorption capacity than A-P2. Based on the adsorption data of AP1 and AP2, the Langmuir isotherm model shows a better fit with high correlation values (R2) compared to the Freundlich model. This means the interaction between the treated pumice and MB followed the assumption of monolayer coverage on homogeneous surfaces, in which the maximum values of MB adsorption were found to be 51.546 mg/g for A-P1 and 27.027 mg/g for A-P2. In addition, A-P1 and A-P2 were also potentially used as heterogeneous catalysts for MB degradation through Fenton-like process due to the presence of iron oxide contents.
Termiticidal and Nematicidal activities of five extracts from Garlic (Allium sativum)
Authors: Khairan K , Aulina  , Yusra N , Eriana C N , Bahi M , Syaukani S , Sriwati R , Jacob C 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum Linn) has been known and used as therapeutic agents to prevent several pathologies diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of five garlic extracts, namely, aqueous garlic extract (AGE), methanol garlic extract (MGE), ethyl acetate garlic extract, EAGE), and n-hexane garlic extract (HGE) against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne sp. and termite, Nasutitermes sp. The nematicidal and termiticidal activities of five garlic extracts were performed at concentration of 10; 25; and 50%. The nematicidal assay revealed that aqueous garlic extract (AGE) and ethyl acetate garlic extract (EAGE) have higher activities against Melodogyne sp at all concentrations tested at 5 h of time incubation with the percentages of viabilities between 4.67%-15.63% and 0%-10.23% respectively. Meanwhile, the termiticidal assay results showed that aqueous garlic extract (AGE), ethyl acetate garlic extract (EAGE), and n-hexane garlic extract (HGE) have stronger activity against Melodogyne sp at all concentrations tested at 8 h of time incubation with the percentages of viabilities of the extracts were 0%. Overall, the results showed that ethyl acetate garlic extract (EAGE) has highest activity against Meloidogyne sp, while the n-hexane garlic extract (HGE) has strongest activity against Nasutitermes sp.
Person’s multiple intelligence classification based on tweet post using SentiStrength and processed on the Apache Spark framework
Authors: Siregar B , Misyuari M N , Nababan E B , Fahmi  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A person’s self-development is influenced by his ability in solving problems and adapting to his environment. This ability is commonly known as intelligence. Every person has a different dominant intelligence. Honed intelligence can result in managed self-development and self-mastery. A person can discover his talent and expertise to be more advanced in his field. However, discovering one’s dominant intelligence requires several variables to assess his behaviours. This research makes use of a person’s activities on the social media Twitter. Twitter is a platform on which its users share thoughts. Posted tweets are used as objects to determine the corresponding user’s dominant intelligence. The user’s tweet will go through a sentiment analysis and intelligence type classification by applying the SentiStrength method to the Apache Spark framework. This research was conducted on 20 Twitter user accounts with the types of intelligence consisting of musical-rhythmic, visual-spatial, verbal-linguistic, logical-mathematical, bodily-kinesthetics, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic, and spiritual intelligence. The 72% average accuracy is obtained by calculating the correlation between manual testing and the system using the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (α = 0.05 and the Spearman’s value of 0.700).
Web-based smart LED for saving energy consumption
Authors: Al-Maghribi F , Al Fayyedh I , Hernandi K A , Nugraha R , Estananto  , Abdurohman M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The lighting system takes a dominant part in the building. However, its use is still inefficient because the light provided by the lamp exceeds its needs and often the light stays on when it is not needed. It can be done by creating a lighting system that provide appropriate light for saving the use of energy. A smart lighting system is designed to control light intensity by using a device that is able to detect light intensity and movement. The lighting system will turn on when there is activity in the room, then the system will adjust the intensity in the room. Also, the energy consumption will be saved in the database to ease monitoring process. By using this system, working room’s light intensity will be maintained at standard light intensity value. And also, this system will save power consumption 50.7%.
Development of Gamelan music instruments using HC-SR04 sensor on arduino and operated using android-based applications
Authors: Siregar B , Hesananta M B , Seniman  , Fahmi  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Gamelan is one of Indonesia’s traditional music which has become a cultural identity and has survived for a long time. Bonang is a gamelan musical instrument that is played by being hit on the protruding upper part. The importance of preserving traditional music culture makes us realize that traditional music is not lost in today’s technological era. This research is to design a virtual bonang musical instrument using the Arduino Mega2560 microcontroller and the HC-SR04 sensor as tone identification. The result of this research is a virtual bonang musical instrument prototype that can be operated via an Android-based smartphone. This prototype is also useful for introducing art as part of STEAM to students.
Investigating learning in a STEM makerspace: India case study
Authors: Sheffield R , Koul R 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In recent years Makerspace has developed within both online (Hackerspaces) and physical ‘spaces’ (Makerspaces) and provides students with opportunities for more open-ended learning experiences where they can ‘make’ and create. In open making teacher cannot control or direct the learning and with a crowded curriculum of facts and knowledge there is little time for open-ended making in schools. In India there is a strong focus on more traditional ways of teaching and learning including a transmissive approach of instruction from teacher to student. This paper posits that using a ‘directed’ or scaffolded Makerspace Approach to create a carefully defined product enables teachers or facilitators to bridge the gap between highly structured and open-ended pedagogical approaches to embed measurable STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) knowledge and 21st century competencies into their program.. The paper examines how a Makerspace impacts on the learning and engagement of primary school students in India and explores the creating of several artefacts including: Wigglebots, Catapults, and Pipelines. The collected data demonstrated primary students’ engagement in, and enjoyment of, the Makerspace program. This paper develops and trials a STEM theoretical framework which resulted from the comparison of several existing frameworks to incorporate content knowledge and 21st century skills.
Prospective science teachers’ views about models and modelling
Authors: Mitrevski B 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Educators agree about importance of models and modelling in teaching and learning science and other disciplines. Models provide representations of scientific concepts that can make the ideas more understandable to learners. They serve to describe, explain, or predict objects, interactions, systems, and processes. Models as a methods and products of science provide non-linguistic representation of its target. Modelling is the essence of thinking and working scientifically. Models and modelling can bridge the gap and support a natural link between STEM disciplines. Some textbooks use different representations of the same model without explanation of the form and purpose of the model. The aim of this study is to determine prospective science teachers’ views about models and modelling. Prospective science teachers’ perception of models are complex, sometimes inconsistent and dissimilar depending of subject of study. Science teacher educators must devote more time on this topic. They also need strong literature basis for supporting complex issue about models and modelling.
Development of STEM tissue culture module in promoting plant biotechnology
Authors: Moid M Md , Alam N A S S , Rasidi I Z A N , Suliman N A , Azman H H 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Tissue culture is a part of modern biotechnology, which offers a lot of potential in tackling food security, genetic conservation and plant breeding. Thus, it is important to introduce plant biotechnology to the young generation in order to foster their positive attitude, which ultimately in the future, will result in human capital and public awareness in the field itself. This study focused on the development of STEM tissue culture module as a teaching aids to introduce plant biotechnology and exposing the variety of STEM career at school level among primary school students of ages 10-12 years old. This module consists of four activities focusing on the seed identification, water transportation in plants, grass doll and carrot tissue culture. Based on the conducted survey, 80% of the participants exhibited interest in the tissue culture module with 42% reacted positively on the statement that this module triggered their curiosity on plant biotechnology. Hence, this module is a promising teaching aid to promote STEM especially in plant biotechnology.
Coastal residential landscape model to support disaster risk reduction
Authors: Wardana M , Achmad A , Idawati D E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Coastal settlements are formed in a fairly strong kinship system. Space that has the power of place will have an advantage over the natural environment and local wisdom. Coastal areas with high utilization rates face various negative impacts due to various human activities. Ecosystem damage, environmental pollution, land-use change, conflicts of social interest are some of the main problems that arise because of human exploitation of coastal areas. Coastal areas can be the areas most affected by disasters, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, abrasion, and sea-level rise. Therefore, quality landscape models and approaches are needed to strengthen community resilience in disaster-prone coastal areas. This study uses a library research method or approach. The results of the research in the form of a coastal-settlement landscape development concept can be done through ecological, functional/economic, socio-political, behavioral, and cultural approaches.
Comment on ‘Changes of inundation area and water turbidity of Tonle Sap Lake: responses to climate changes or upstream dam construction?’
Authors: Kallio Marko , Kummu Matti 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Recent hydropower development in the Mekong River has triggered a lot of discussion about its impact on flood dynamics along the river, as well as in one of the world’s most productive lake-floodplain systems—the Tonle Sap Lake. A recent article by Wang et al (2020 Environ. Res. Lett.
15 0940a1) in this journal conclude that changes in precipitation have played a much larger role than the operation of hydropower dams, contradicting existing research. However, we argue that by using an annual mean discharge and inundation area Wang et al (2020 Environ. Res. Lett.
15 0940a1) ignore the fundamentals of the system: the difference between dry season water level and peak water level, and thus the extent of the flooded area, which is the key function of the flood pulse. Further, by using annual mean discharge authors are not able to capture the actual operation of hydropower dams, and thus their impacts. Hydropower dams consume very little water through evaporation, but shift the flow regime from wet to dry season. We show here that when taking into account the characteristics of the system, and analysing changes from anthropogenic impacts on low and high flows separately, dams play a central role in recent changes in the flood characteristics of the Mekong.
Comparison of the root–soil water relationship of two typical revegetation species along a precipitation gradient on the Loess Plateau
Authors: Wang Shaofei , Yang Min , Gao Xiaodong , Zhang Zhibo , Wang Xianzhi , Zhao Xining , Wu Pute 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Soil water and root distribution following revegetation are key research topics in water-limited ecosystems. However, little is known about the interaction between soil water and root distribution in deep soils under different precipitation conditions. Knowledge of the root–soil water relationship of revegetated land and its response to precipitation is crucial for the management of water resources and ecological restoration worldwide, including on the Chinese Loess Plateau. In this study, we investigated soil water and root distribution under apple orchard and black locust down a 10 m soil profile and exposed to different amounts of annual precipitation on the Loess Plateau. The results showed that soil water content (SWC) under two typical planted forests both significantly decreased as the mean annual precipitation (MAP) decreased. SWC spatial variation is demarcated by a 500–550 mm precipitation threshold, being relatively high when MAP > 550 mm but extremely low when MAP < 500 mm. In apple orchards, the depth above which 50% of the roots were present increased with increasing precipitation, but in black locust it became shallower. The results of a linear mixed model revealed a significant relationship between fine root length density and SWC depletion degree for black locust irrespective of the amount of precipitation, but it was only found in the 200–1000 cm soil layers with MAP > 550 mm and the 0–200 cm soil layers with MAP < 550 mm for apple orchards. The MAP × depth interaction was significant with respect to SWC depletion degree for MAP > 550 mm, but not for MAP < 550 mm in both vegetation types. These findings add to our current understanding of the root–soil water relationship of species used for revegetation and highlight the need to assess the long-term effect of revegetation on soil water consumption in water-limited ecosystems.
Perspectives on the development of local food policy using the Analytical Hierarchy Process
Authors: Arsil P , Sularso K E , Mulyani A , Hardana N F 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
For nearly five decades, Indonesia's agriculture ministry has promoted food diversification. Despite this, few studies have looked at government policies to increase local food consumption. We interviewed a diverse group consisting of local government officials, local business executives, consumers and food decision-makers in both urban and rural households. Respondents were chosen using a stratified random sampling technique. Purwokerto in Central Java and Kupang in East Nusa Tenggara were purposefully chosen to represent urban areas. To represent rural areas, the Banyumas Regency in Central Java and the Alor Regency in East Nusa Tenggara provinces were chosen. To assist decisionmakers in identifying the dimension for the development of local food, the Analytical Hierarchy Method (AHP) was used as a decision support model. The findings show that important strategies to increase the local food consumption involved 1) empowering women as change agents and 2) developing local food councils. Alternative strategies include developing a master plan for rural development related to local food, strengthening capital and insurance for local industries, and policies encouraging food diversification.
The Primary culture of caudal fin, gill lamella, hepatopancreas and spleen of Osteochilus vittatus
Authors: Wijayanti Gratiana E. , Atang  
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The cell lines play an important role in the development of basic research and applied research. Most of the available cell lines derived from mammalian tissue and only 5% of cell lines derived from fish tissue. This experimental study was conducted to evaluate the potency of caudal fin, gill lamella, hepatopancreas and spleen explant of the Osteochilus vittatus as resources for cell line development. The explants were culture in DMEM/-Ham’s 12 with 15mM HEPES supplemented with 5% L-glutamine, 5% penicillin-streptomycin, and 10% Fetal Bovine Serum for 9 days at 25°C. The results showed that the caudal fin, hepatopancreas, spleen and gill filament cell outgrowth formed confluent monolayer. In addition to monolayer cells, floating life cells were found in the culture media of spleen (1.74×106 cells) and gill lamella (1.54×105 cells). The time needed to reach confluent was significantly different among explant type (p<0.05) with the fastest growth was observed in spleen explant culture. These results indicated that the four tested explants have good potency as resources for cell line development in Osteochilus vittatus.
Portable wastewater treatment plant using banana stem filter media in small scale motor vehicle washing services
Authors: Kusumawardani Y , Subekti S , Astuti W , Soehartono S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
One of the technology that can be applied to small-scale wastewater treatment was used simple filtering system. In general, water filter media uses a mixture with layered system such as silica sand media, zeolite, manganese green sand, and activated carbon. Portable WWTP can be used for effective and efficient motorized vehicle washing wastewater treatment so that the wastewater was environmentally friendly and can be reused. The variables used in the design test are TSS, Detergent and pH. Filter media that used were banana stem, zeolite sand and activated carbon with a thickness of 50 cm, a downflow-upflow flow and a duration of 3 days. The results showed that the average percentage of effectiveness after going through IPAL were 31% BP-BP (banana stem-banana stem), 46% BP-PK (banana stem-sand carbon), and PZ-KA (zeolite-activated carbon) by 48%. The use of banana stem filters was considered more economical, easy to obtain, fast, lightweight and practise. Banana stem filter media was also more effective in lowering pH. The use of variety banana stem filter media with a combination sand and carbon (BP-PK) can minimize the weakness of the sand filter, which generally requires a long flow time and sufficient pressure.
Experimental study on flow pattern in forebay pump station and rectification scheme
Authors: Li Xixi , Zhou Shengzhi , Xu Gang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The joint construction of sluice stations in the coastal plain area is widely used, but due to the complex inflow conditions, it is easy to produce reflux, vortex and other undesirable flow patterns, which have extremely adverse effects on the operation of pumping station units. For a sluice station project into the flow pattern problem, the model test to optimize the flow pattern of the front pool of the pumping station, the pumping station forebay with additional flow isolation pier program. The study found that: rectification scheme, pumping station before the pool flow pattern has a more obvious improvement, 1#, 2# inlet flow uniformity distribution increased by 9% and 2%. There will be no obvious adverse effects on the inflow conditions of the sluice. The optimized scheme has better inlet flow conditions than the original scheme, and the proposed optimized scheme can provide reference experience for other similar projects.
Experimental study of the effects of moisture content on the mechanical properties of sandstone under uniaxial compression
Authors: Jiang Da-Chao , Yang Wu-song , Bai Hao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Water inside the micropores has a tremendous influence on the mechanical properties and damage patterns of rocks. To investigate the effects of different moisture contents on the cracking behavior of sandstone under different compression conditions, four groups of sandstone samples with moisture contents of 1.00%, 2.50%, 3.50% and 4.50% were used for uniaxial compression and cyclic loading-unloading experiments. The results show that the compressive strength and elastic modulus decrease with the increase of moisture content. The ultimate failure patterns for samples are all shear failure modes with different dip angles. In the unloading experiments, the dissipated energy and residual strain decreases with the increase of moisture content during the unloading stage with low stress and increases obviously during the unloading stage with high stress.