bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neonatal adjustments in respiratory and pulse rates in tropical breeds of buck-kids and doelings
Authors: Habibu Buhari , Kawu Mohammed Umaru , Aluwong Tagang , Makun Hussaina Joan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe transition to pulmonary respiration and the termination of foetal cardiovascular shunts is expected to commence immediately after birth. Subsequently, alveolar ventilation and tissue perfusion must be established, despite the challenge of extra-uterine environmental conditions, which could be quite demanding, even to the adult animals. The current study evaluated neonatal adjustment and diurnally induced changes in respiratory and pulse rates in kids of Red Sokoto, Sahel and West African Dwarf (WAD) goats in a tropical climate.ResultsMorning and afternoon respiratory rates started decreasing (P < 0.05) in the second week of birth. The pulse rate in the morning hours rose (P < 0.05) on Day 1 with no significant fluctuation subsequently, while the pattern in the afternoon hours showed a progressive decrease (P < 0.05) after birth. Apart from the day of birth, respiratory rate on other days increased significantly from morning to afternoon hours. The afternoon pulse rate was higher (P < 0.05) on the day of birth, but lower (P < 0.05) on Day 2 as compared to the morning values; and no diurnal difference was observed in subsequent days. The WAD goats had significantly higher respiratory and pulse rates than Red Sokoto and Sahel kids, especially in the afternoon hours. Similarly, the values were higher (P < 0.05) in doelings than buck-kids during the morning hours. The correlation between respiratory and pulse rates was positive (P < 0.05) and the strength of the association increased with age.ConclusionIt was concluded that the afternoon rise in ambient temperature induced the establishment of a clear diurnal variation in respiratory rate 24 h postnatal, while the diurnal variation in pulse rate was weak and irregular. The tropical climate may be quite challenging to the attainment of physiological stability in respiratory and cardiovascular functions of neonatal goat kids, especially during the hot season.
New stability indicating RP-HPLC-PDA method for determination of mifepristone in bulk and tablet formulation
Authors: Khan Mohammad Mojeeb Gulzar , Deshmukh Mohammad Faizan Saadique , Firke Sandip Dinkar , Wahab Abdul Talib Abdul , Kalaskar Mohan Ganpatrao , Shirkhedkar Atul Arun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Mifepristone is progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. The objective of this study is to develop simple and economical stability indicating RP-HPLC method for the determination of mifepristone in bulk and tablet formulation.

Result
The chromatographic separation was achieved on Qualisil BDS C8 column with mobile phase containing of mixture of Buffer (Potassium dihydrogen ortho phosphate, pH to 3.0 with ortho phosphoric acid) and Organic Solvent (Acetonitrile) 60:40 v/v pumped at flow rate 0.6 mL min−1. The detection of elute was performed using PDA detector at 305 nm. Mifepristone was eluted at 8.67 min. According to international conference on harmonization Q2(R1) guideline, method was validated and shows satisfactory results for accuracy, precision, linearity, ruggedness, robustness, detection limit, quantitation limit. The method indicated to be linear in the series of concentration 3–18 µg mL−1, and correlation coefficient was 0.9997. In acidic, basic, oxidative, thermal, photolytic forced degradation conditions, the peak of degradation product was clearly and well separated from drug peak without any interference in quantitative analysis. This represents stability indicating nature of established method.

Conclusion
The established RP-HPLC method is simple, accurate, specific, precise, robust, rugged, sensitive, and economical in nature which can be utilized for routine analysis of mifepristone in bulk and pharmaceutical formulation.
Feasibility of computerised positive mental imagery training as a treatment adjunct in in-patient mental health settings: randomised controlled trial
Authors: Westermann Katharina , Woud Marcella L. , Cwik Jan C. , Graz Christian , Nyhuis Peter W. , Margraf Jürgen , Blackwell Simon E. 
Published: November 2021

Background
Positive affect and anhedonia are important but challenging targets for mental health treatments. Previous research indicates the potential of a computerised cognitive training paradigm involving generation of positive mental imagery, termed positive mental imagery training (PMIT), to increase positive affect and reduce anhedonia.

Aims
Our main aim was to investigate the feasibility of PMIT as a positive affect-focused, transdiagnostic adjunct to treatment as usual for patients in in-patient mental health settings.

Method
We ran an open feasibility, randomised controlled trial with three parallel arms: treatment as usual; treatment as usual plus PMIT; and treatment as usual plus an active comparator, cognitive control training. Fifty-seven patients from two different in-patient mental health treatment clinics in Germany were randomised in a 1:1:1 ratio. PMIT and cognitive control training comprised an introductory session followed by eight 15-min training sessions over 2 weeks. Clinical outcomes such as positive affect (primary outcome measure) and anhedonia were assessed at pre- and post-training, and at a further 2-week follow-up.

Results
Adherence was good and attrition was low. The patterns of results for the outcome data were not consistent with a specific effect of PMIT on positive affect, but were more consistent with a specific effect on anhedonia.

Conclusions
The results indicate feasibility and potential promise of a larger efficacy trial investigating PMIT as a treatment adjunct in in-patient mental health settings. Limitations include lack of researcher blinding, small sample size and lack of pre-specified feasibility outcomes. Anhedonia may be a more suitable primary outcome for a future larger trial.
“Police Brutality Exposed”
Authors: Pihos Peter C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article explores the conditions for changing news media coverage of police brutality, focusing on the Chicago Tribune. Police have historically dominated news about policing, resulting in very limited coverage of wrongdoing. Following the murders of Fred Hampton and Mark Clark by Chicago Police officers, a racially and politically heterogenous coalition exposed the connection between police brutality and knowledge production. Activists developed a radical critique of police brutality’s role in sustaining an unequal social order and opened new possibilities for political solidarity. When longtime Chicago machine alderman Ralph Metcalfe challenged Mayor Richard J. Daley on the issue, “regular” Black Democrats came to join liberals and radicals in demanding change. The conflict generated by Metcalfe’s revolt provided both a justification and a set of questions for the Tribune’s investigative task force to engage. In a pathbreaking series of investigative reports on police brutality in 1973, the task force convincingly demonstrated the existence of widespread police brutality but also tamed its political significance with bureaucratic reform. The dilemmas of coalition politics that shaped this investigative reporting and the response to it continue to structure the choices faced by political movements seeking meaningful transformation today.
“Aboveground, Underground, and Locked Down”
Authors: Quinn Adam 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Incarcerated people in Washington have published a variety of periodicals, ranging from general prison news to radical newspapers that debated ideologies like communism, anarchism, and Black nationalism. This article examines radical periodicals published in and concerning prisons to better understand struggles over the prisoners’ press in Washington. First, it contextualizes this history with a discussion of militant prisoner support movements in the 1970s. These movements included the Sunfighter, an underground newspaper; and the George Jackson Brigade, a guerrilla group, whose members were involved with both the Sunfighter and subsequent prison newspapers. This article then analyzes the politics, inside-outside relationships, and censorship of two radical prisoner quarterlies: the Marxist-Leninist Red Dragon and the Anarchist Black Dragon. Influenced by their prison environment, these newspapers provided space for networks and writings that sought to address interconnected problems such as mass incarceration, sexual violence, and racism. Ultimately, these newspapers demonstrate how prisoners’ politics are worthy of closer consideration by historians, as their ideas and actions shaped news, public discourse, and movements on both sides of the prison walls.
Imaging features of atypical adrenocortical adenomas: a radiological-pathological correlation
Authors: Gargan Mary Louise , Lee Eimear , O'Sullivan Maeve , Egan Marie , Gibney James , Crowther Stephen , Conlon Kevin , Feeney John 
Published: November 2021

Objective:
Adrenal adenomas are frequently picked up incidentally on cross-sectional imaging and are known to have a classic imaging appearance on CT and MRI. However, not all adrenal adenomas have this typical radiologic appearance. Our aim is to present the radiological features of atypical adrenocortical adenomas with pathological correlation.

Methods:
All the imaging from the pathologically proven adrenal adenoma cases in our hospital (Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland) database (from 2004 to 2019) was reviewed. 8 out of 48 cases (16%) had an atypical radiological appearance and were selected for presentation.

Results:
Eight cases demonstrated atypical radiological features including heterogeneous density, incomplete washout on post-contrast imaging, the presence of macroscopic fat and calcification. Lipomatous metaplasia was present in two of the cases pathologically.

Conclusion:
Adrenocortical adenomas are the most common adrenal mass encountered on CT, however, may not always have classic imaging features. Radiologists should be familiar with both the typical and atypical imaging manifestations of these benign adrenal lesions.

Advances in knowledge:
This paper comprehensively describes the atypical features of adrenocortical adenomas with case examples and radiologic–pathologic correlation. Guidelines and an approach to the work-up of adrenal lesions with atypical appearances are also provided.
Variations in breast cancer detection rates during mammogram-reading sessions: does experience have an impact?
Authors: Alshabibi Abdulaziz S , Suleiman Moayyad E , Albeshan Salman M , Heard Robert , Brennan Patrick C 
Published: November 2021

Objectives:
To examine whether radiologists’ performances are consistent throughout a reading session and whether any changes in performance over the reading task differ depending on experience of the reader.

Methods:
The performance of ten radiologists reading a test set of 60 mammographic cases without breaks was assessed using an ANOVA, 2 × 3 factorial design. Participants were categorized as more (≥2,000 mammogram readings per year) or less (&lt;2,000 readings per year) experienced. Three series of 20 cases were chosen to ensure comparable difficulty and presented in the same sequence to all readers. It usually takes around 30 min for a radiologist to complete each of the 20-case series, resulting in a total of 90 min for the 60 mammographic cases. The sensitivity, specificity, lesion sensitivity, and area under the ROC curve were calculated for each series. We hypothesized that the order in which a series was read (i.e. fixed-series sequence) would have a significant main effect on the participants’ performance. We also determined if significant interactions exist between the fixed-series sequence and radiologist experience.

Results:
Significant linear interactions were found between experience and the fixed sequence of the series for sensitivity (F[1] =5.762, p = .04, partial η 2 = .41) and lesion sensitivity. (F[1] =6.993, p = .03, partial η 2 = .46). The two groups’ mean scores were similar for the first series but progressively diverged. By the end of the third series, significant differences in sensitivity and lesion sensitivity were evident, with the more experienced individuals demonstrating improving and the less experienced declining performance. Neither experience nor series sequence significantly affected the specificity or the area under the ROC curve.

Conclusions:
Radiologists’ performance may change considerably during a reading session, apparently as a function of experience, with less experienced radiologists declining in sensitivity and lesion sensitivity while more experienced radiologists actually improve. With the increasing demands on radiologists to undertake high-volume reporting, we suggest that junior radiologists be made aware of possible sensitivity and lesion sensitivity deterioration over time so they can schedule breaks during continuous reading sessions that are appropriate to them, rather than try to emulate their more experienced colleagues.

Advances in knowledge:
Less-experienced radiologists demonstrated a reduction in mammographic diagnostic accuracy in later stages of the reporting sessions. This may suggest that extending the duration of reporting sessions to compensate for increasing workloads may not represent the optimal solution for less-experienced radiologists.
Actively Q-switched and mode-locked all-fiber lasers with an α-BaTeMo2O9-based acousto-optical modulator
Authors: Xu Qing , Liu Fuan , Gao Zeliang , Zhang Baitao , Tao Xutang , He Jingliang 
Published: November 2021

In this work, a novel, to the best of our knowledge,

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crystal-based acousto-optical modulator is designed and successfully applied in actively

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crystal is a promising candidate for all-fiber active modulators.
Investigating differential effects of socio-emotional and mindfulness-based online interventions on mental health, resilience and social capacities during the COVID-19 pandemic: The study protocol
Authors: Godara Malvika , Silveira Sarita , Matthäus Hannah , Heim Christine , Voelkle Manuel , Hecht Martin , Binder Elisabeth B. , Singer Tania 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to a mental health crisis on a global scale. Epidemiological studies have reported a drastic increase in mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety, increased loneliness and feelings of disconnectedness from others, while resilience levels have been negatively affected, indicating an urgent need for intervention. The current study is embedded within the larger CovSocial project which sought to evaluate longitudinal changes in vulnerability, resilience and social cohesion during the pandemic. The current second phase will investigate the efficacy of brief online mental training interventions in reducing mental health problems, and enhancing psychological resilience and social capacities. It further provides a unique opportunity for the prediction of intervention effects by individual biopsychosocial characteristics and preceding longitudinal change patterns during the pandemic in 2020/21.MethodsWe will examine the differential effects of a socio-emotional (including ‘Affect Dyad’) and a mindfulness-based (including ‘Breathing Meditation’) intervention, delivered through a web- and cellphone application. Participants will undergo 10 weeks of intervention, and will be compared to a retest control group. The effectiveness of the interventions will be evaluated in a community sample (N= 300), which is recruited from the original longitudinal CovSocial sample. The pre- to post-intervention changes, potential underlying mechanisms, and prediction thereof, will be assessed on a wide range of outcomes: levels of stress, loneliness, depression and anxiety, resilience, prosocial behavior, empathy, compassion, and the impact on neuroendocrine, immunological and epigenetic markers. The multi-method nature of the study will incorporate self-report questionnaires, behavioral tasks, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) approaches, and biological, hormonal and epigenetic markers assessed in saliva.DiscussionResults will reveal the differential effectiveness of two brief online interventions in improving mental health outcomes, as well as enhancing social capacities and resilience. The present study will serve as a first step for future application of scalable, low-cost interventions at a broader level to reduce stress and loneliness, improve mental health and build resilience and social capacities in the face of global stressors.Trial registrationThis trial has been registered on May 17, 2020 with the ClinicalTrials.govNCT04889508registration number (clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04889508).
Measuring the readiness to screen and manage intimate partner violence: Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the PREMIS tool for perinatal care providers
Authors: Guiguet-Auclair Candy , Debost-Legrand Anne , Lémery Didier , Barasinski Chloé , Mulin Blandine , Vendittelli Françoise 
Published: November 2021

Introduction
Pregnancy and perinatal periods are significant risk factors of intimate partner violence (IPV), a major public health problem that could begin or intensify during these periods. Perinatal care providers have a major role in the identification and the management of IPV. This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt into French the Physician Readiness to Manage Intimate Partner Violence Survey (PREMIS) tool, a reliable instrument to assess the knowledge, attitudes and preparedness to address IPV, and to evaluate its psychometric properties.

Methods
The PREMIS was cross-culturally adapted by conducting forward and backward translations, following international guidelines. An online cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the psychometric properties of the PREMIS-French in perinatal care providers: data completeness, factor analysis, score distribution, floor and ceiling effects, internal consistency, item-total correlations, inter-subscale correlations and test-retest reliability.

Results
The PREMIS was successfully translated and cross-culturally adapted to the context of metropolitan France. The results obtained from 360 perinatal care providers showed good acceptability. Exploratory factor analysis of the “Opinions” items resulted in a six-factor solution with six of the eight subscales of the original structure identified. Good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha ranging from 0.54 to 0.97) and good test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.46 to 0.92) for the “Background” and “Opinions” subscales were found.

Discussion
This study provides evidence of the good psychometric properties of the PREMIS-French. This valid instrument will help to understand perinatal care providers’ barriers to IPV screening and management and will help to focus on specific lacks of knowledge for developing IPV education programs.
Effect of famotidine on hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chiu Leonard , Shen Max , Lo Chun-Han , Chiu Nicholas , Chen Austin , Shin Hyun Joon , Prsic Elizabeth Horn , Hur Chin , Chow Ronald , Lebwohl Benjamin 
Published: November 2021

Introduction
Famotidine is a competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist most commonly used for gastric acid suppression but thought to have potential efficacy in treating patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis are to summarize the current literature and report clinical outcomes on the use of famotidine for treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Methods
Five databases were searched through February 12, 2021 to identify observational studies that reported on associations of famotidine use with outcomes in COVID-19. Meta-analysis was conducted for composite primary clinical outcome (e.g. rate of death, intubation, or intensive care unit admissions) and death separately, where either aggregate odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) was calculated.

Results
Four studies, reporting on 46,435 total patients and 3,110 patients treated with famotidine, were included in this meta-analysis. There was no significant association between famotidine use and composite outcomes in patients with COVID-19: HR 0.63 (95% CI: 0.35, 1.16). Across the three studies that reported mortality separated from other endpoints, there was no association between famotidine use during hospitalization and risk of death—HR 0.67 (95% CI: 0.26, 1.73) and OR 0.79 (95% CI: 0.19, 3.34). Heterogeneity ranged from 83.69% to 88.07%.

Conclusion
Based on the existing observational studies, famotidine use is not associated with a reduced risk of mortality or combined outcome of mortality, intubation, and/or intensive care services in hospitalized individuals with COVID-19, though heterogeneity was high, and point estimates suggested a possible protective effect for the composite outcome that may not have been observed due to lack of power. Further randomized controlled trials (RCTs) may help determine the efficacy and safety of famotidine as a treatment for COVID-19 patients in various care settings of the disease.
Energi Bersih dan Ramah Lingkungan dari Biomassa untuk Mengurangi Efek Gas Rumah Kaca dan Perubahan Iklim yang Ekstrim
Authors: Pramudiyanto Anang Setyo , Suedy Sri Widodo Agung 
Published: November 2021

Pertumbuhan penduduk Indonesia dan kemajuan teknologi yang berkembang sangat pesat, menyebabkan kebutuhan energi juga semakin bertambah. Berbagai cara telah dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi primer terutama dari sumber energi dari berbahan fosil (minyak bumi, gas bumi dan batubara) dengan melakukan eksplorasi/penambangan bahkan menambah volume import BBM, namun belum mampu untuk memenuhi kebutuhan energi primer di Indonesia. Permasalahan lain yang muncul akibat penggunaan energi primer dari berbahan fosil adalah meningkatnya pencemaran dari emisi gas buang yang meningkatkan efek Gas Rumah Kaca dan mempengaruhi perubahan iklim yang ekstrim. Guna mengatasi permasalahan kekurangan energi dan pencemaran dari emisi gas buang, pemerintah Indonesia telah berperan aktif dengan mengoptimalkan penggunaan energi baru dan terbarukan, salah satunya pemerintah Indonesia telah menetapkan rasio elektrifikasi menjadi 100% (KEN) dan mencoba menggantikan sumberdaya energi dari berbahan fosil dengan green energy terutama biomassa yang diubah untuk menjadi biogas, serta biodiesel yang dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pembangkitan listrik dan bahan bakar kendaraan bermotor yang ramah lingkungan. Pemanfaatan energi biomassa dengan proses gasifikasi telah berhasil mengurangi emisi kadar karbondioksida . Pengolahan sampah di Indonesia untuk dimanfaatkan baik daur ulang maupun sebagai sumber energi listrik akan dapat menurunkan emisi gas karbondioksida 3-11%.Penggunaan sumber energi yang ramah lingkungan diharapkan mampu mengurangi efek Gas Rumah Kaca dan dapat mencegah perubahan iklim yang ekstrim.