bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacteroides Fragilis Polysaccharide A Ameliorates Abnormal Voriconazole Metabolism Accompanied With the Inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB Pathway
Authors: Wang Xiaokang , Ye Chunxiao , Xun Tianrong , Mo Liqian , Tong Yong , Ni Wensi , Huang Suping , Liu Bin , Zhan Xia , Yang Xixiao 
Published: April 2021

The antifungal agent voriconazole (VRC) exhibits extreme inter-individual and intra-individual variation in terms of its clinical efficacy and toxicity. Inflammation, as reflected by C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations, significantly affects the metabolic ratio and trough concentrations of voriconazole. Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis) is an important component of the human intestinal microbiota. Clinical data have shown that B. fragilis abundance is comparatively higher in patients not presenting with adverse drug reactions, and inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β) levels are negatively correlated with B. fragilis abundance. B. fragilis natural product capsular polysaccharide A (PSA) prevents various inflammatory disorders. We tested the hypothesis that PSA ameliorates abnormal voriconazole metabolism by inhibiting inflammation. Germ-free animals were administered PSA intragastrically for 5 days after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Their blood and liver tissues were collected to measure VRC concentrations. PSA administration dramatically improved the resolution phase of LPS-induced hepatic VRC metabolism and inflammatory factor secretion. It reversed inflammatory lesions and alleviated hepatic pro-inflammatory factor secretion. Both in vitro and in vivo data demonstrate that PSA reversed LPS-induced IL-1β secretion, downregulated the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and upregulated CYP2C19 and P-gp. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to show that PSA from the probiotic B. fragilis ameliorates abnormal voriconazole metabolism by inhibiting TLR4-mediated NF-κB transcription and regulating drug metabolizing enzyme and transporter expression. Thus, PSA could serve as a clinical adjunct therapy.
Molecular Targeted Agent and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Co-Loaded Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Synergistic Therapy of Rectal Cancer
Authors: Zhang Huaiyu , Zhang Jiayu , Liu Yilun , Jiang Yang , Li Zhongmin 
Published: April 2021

Molecular targeted therapy has been proved effective in treatment of rectal cancer. Up-regulated expression of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) was observed after the management of molecular targeted therapy, which made the therapeutic effect discounted. Tumors with higher PD-L1 expression were more sensitive and responsive to treatment of PD-L1 inhibitor. Therefore, the combination of molecular targeted therapy and immune checkpoint blockade makes sense. In this study, the copolymers of poly (ethylene glycol)-block-poly (L-leucine) (PEG-PLLeu) were synthesized as a thermosensitive hydrogel composite for consecutive release of regorafenib (REG) and BMS202. The mechanical properties of PEG-PLLeu were investigated, confirming that PEG-PLLeu (5 wt.%) was suitable for in situ injection as drug-delivery composite at low temperature and stable after sol-gel transition at body temperature. Importantly, the double drug loaded hydrogel showed superior antitumour activity over single drugs in an orthotopic rectal cancer model (CT26-Luc). Further analysis of the tumor tissues suggested that REG upregulated the expression of PD-L1 in tumor tissues. In addition, the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment of CT26-Luc tumor was distinctly relieved under the effect of BMS202, as characterized by increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells in tumors and enhanced secretion of antitumour cytokines (IFN-γ and TNF-α). Moreover, the drug-loaded composite showed no obvious toxicity in histological analysis. Taken together, the administration of REG and BMS202 in the PEG-PLLeu composite could induce a synergistic effect in in situ treatment of rectal cancer without obvious toxicity, and thus represented a potential strategy for enhanced in situ therapeutic modality.
The Development of Mindful-Based Dance Movement Therapy Intervention for Chronic Pain: A Pilot Study With Chronic Headache Patients
Authors: Majore-Dusele Indra , Karkou Vicky , Millere Inga 
Published: April 2021

Chronic pain is of significant global concern. There is growing evidence that body–mind therapies and psychological approaches can contribute toward changing chronic pain perceptions. This is the first model described in the literature that combines a mindfulness-based approach with dance movement therapy and explores the potential psychological and pain-related changes for this client population. In this paper, the results from the pilot study are presented involving patients with chronic headache recruited in an outpatient rehabilitation setting.Methods:In this pilot study, 29 patients (n= 29) with chronic headache were randomized to either the Mindful-Based Dance Movement Therapy (MBDMT) group or the waiting list control group (treatment as usual, TAU). The MBDMT group was offered 10 sessions in a clinical outpatient rehabilitation setting for 5 weeks. Data were collected pre- and post-intervention and 16 weeks after the intervention was finished. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Patient Health Questionnaire−9 (PHQ-9), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) were used as outcome measures.Results:The working model of MBDMT identifies nine therapeutic mechanisms (safe therapeutic environment, mindfulness skills, body awareness, relaxation/releasing, distancing and staying with discomfort, meaning making, self-regulation, acceptance and integration, creative process). Per-protocol analysis reveals statistically significant reduction of pain intensity and depression scores in favor of the MBDMT group, and these improvements were maintained in the follow-up assessment.Conclusions:The results suggest that MBDMT is a feasible and promising therapy approach for chronic pain patients. The pilot study offered sufficient information and preliminary results in the desirable direction to enable the researchers to move to a randomized controlled trial (RCT) stage in order to establish the efficacy of the intervention.Clinical Trial Registration:The study was registered in thewww.researchregistry.com, registry (5483).
Protective and Risk Factors for Medical and Nursing Staff Suffering From Psychological Symptoms During COVID-19
Authors: Luo Hailong , Yao Huiqi , Xi Yuandi , Zhang Zhun , Li Jia , Li Jie , Wang Xuewen , Zhong Zhixiong , Lv Yan 
Published: April 2021

Background: With the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in China, the general public but also medical staff were confronted with psychological challenges, suffering from the highly infectious and unknown characteristics of COVID-19. In this study, we surveyed psychological symptoms including anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders in medical staff.Method: A questionnaire star/WeChat link-based survey assessing the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression, the Insomnia Severity Index, Social Support scales in addition to lifestyle, and income level was conducted and included 8,288 medical staff from 24 provinces in China. Pearson Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U-tests were used to evaluate single risk factors and significant differences in psychological symptoms before and during the outbreak of COVID-19. Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted for the risk factors of anxiety, depression, and sleep disorder symptoms.Results: Medical staff had a high incidence of psychological symptoms, which was more prominent during the COVID-19 epidemic. Comparatively, females, nurses, first-line department, never exercised, and low income were risk factors for psychological symptoms. Social support including objective support, subjective support, support utility, and regular sports over 3 times per week were protective and manageable elements that could protect from and manage the psychological symptoms of medical staff.Conclusion: The susceptibility of psychological symptoms among medical staff should be of concern to policymakers and the public in the long-term, and the aggravation of mental health problems of medical staff could be eased by providing adequate social support during and after the COVID-19 outbreak.
Problematic Smartphone and Social Media Use Among Bangladeshi College and University Students Amid COVID-19: The Role of Psychological Well-Being and Pandemic Related Factors
Authors: Islam Md. Saiful , Sujan Md. Safaet Hossain , Tasnim Rafia , Mohona Rashenda Aziz , Ferdous Most. Zannatul , Kamruzzaman Sk , Toma Tanziha Yeasmin , Sakib Md. Nazmus , Pinky Khairrun Nahar , Islam Md. Riad , Siddique Md. Abid Bin , Anter Fahim Shariar , Hossain Alomgir , Hossen Ikram , Sikder Md. Tajuddin , Pontes Halley M. 
Published: April 2021

Background: Smartphone and social media use are an integral part of our daily life. Currently, the impact of excessive smartphone and social media use during the COVID-19 pandemic is poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate problematic smartphone use (PSPU) and problematic social media use (PSMU) among Bangladeshi college and university students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 5,511 Bangladeshi college and university students (male: 58.9%; mean age: 21.2 years [SD = 1.7]; age range: 18–25) during the social-distancing in the COVID-19 pandemic (July 2020). A self-reported survey containing questions regarding socio-demographic, lifestyle, and home quarantine activities along with four psychometric scales was completed by participants.Results: The mean scores of PSPU and PSMU were 20.8 ± 6.8 (out of 36) and 14.7 ± 4.8 (out of 30). Based on a hierarchical regression analysis, PSPU and PSMU were positively associated with lower age, poor sleep, social media use, watching television, anxiety, and depression. Additionally, PSMU was linked to being female, living with nuclear family, having urban residence, irregular physical exercise, poor engagement with academic studies, and avoiding earning activities, whilst being male, being married, living with lower-income family, and alcohol consumption were linked to PSMU.Conclusions: The findings indicate that PSPU and PSMU were linked to poor psychological well-being (i.e., anxiety and depression) and other factors (especially lower age, poor sleep) during the pandemic, further suggesting the need for interventions including virtual awareness programs among college and university students.
Periodontal Treatment Protocol for Decompensated Diabetes Patients
Authors: Dallaserra Matías , Morales Alicia , Hussein Nayib , Rivera Marcela , Cavalla Franco , Baeza Mauricio , Strauss Franz J. , Yoma Yazmin , Suazo Claudio , Jara Gisela , Contreras Johanna , Villanueva Julio , Valenzuela-Villarroel Francisca , Gamonal Jorge 
Published: April 2021

Background: Decompensated diabetes is associated with a higher prevalence and severity of periodontitis and poorer response to periodontal therapy. It is conceivable that periodontal therapy may cause systemic and local complications in this type of patients. The aim of the present study was to identify and describe the best available evidence for the treatment of periodontitis in decompensated diabetics.Material and methods: An expert committee including participants from different areas gathered to discuss and develop a treatment guideline under the guidance of the Cochrane Associate Center, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile. In total, four research questions were prepared. The questions prepared related to decompensated diabetic patients (glycated hemoglobin &gt;8) were, (1) Does the exposure to periodontal treatment increase the risk of infectious or systemic complications? (2) Does the antibiotic treatment or prophylaxis, compared to not giving it, reduce infectious complications? (3) Does the exposure to periodontal treatment, compared to no treatment, reduce the glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c)? Last question was related to diabetic patients, (4) Does the exposure to a higher level of HbA1c, compared to stable levels, increase the risk of infectious complications? Based on these questions, a search strategy was developed using MEDLINE and EPISTEMONIKOS. Only systematic reviews were considered.Results: For question 1, the search yielded 12 records in EPISTEMONIKOS and 23 in MEDLINE. None of these studies addressed the question. For question 2, the search yielded 58 records in EPISTEMONIKOS and 11 in MEDLINE. None of these studies addressed the question. For question 3, the search yielded 16 records in EPISTEMONIKOS and 11 in MEDLINE. Thirteen addressed the question. For question 4, the search yielded 7 records in EPISTEMONIKOS and 9 in MEDLINE. One addressed the question.Conclusions: In decompensated diabetic patients, there is lack of scientific information about risk of infectious or systemic complications as a result of periodontal treatment and about the impact of antibiotic treatment or prophylaxis on reduction if infectious complications. A defined HbA1c threshold for dental and periodontal treatment in diabetic patients has yet to be determined. Finally, periodontal treatment does have an impact on HbA1c levels.
Analysis of the condition of solid tissues of teeth and the level of dental care provided to children with rheumatic diseases
Authors: Skakodub A. A. , Admakin O. I. , Mamedov Ad. A. , Nikulin P. A. , Vatyan A. S. 
Published: April 2021

Relevance. Rheumatic diseases strongly influence the condition of the oral cavity, salivary glands and the temporomandibular joint, that, along with poor oral hygiene in children and active growth, increases the risk of oral disease development. The growing number of rheumatic diseases in children requires evaluation of the oral cavity condition and assessment of the provided dental services; enhancement of the professional oral care in children with rheumatic diseases through the comprehensive evaluation of the quality of the performed dental procedures and development of caries prevention measures based on the analysis of the epidemiological survey results.Materials and methods. 316 children with rheumatic pathology aged 1 to 18 years were examined. The children were divided into three age groups: group I – 1-5 years, group II – 6-12 years, group III – 13-17 years. The Oral hygiene and past dental experience questionnaire was developed for each group. Hard dental tissue condition and caries intensity level (df – in group I, df+DMF – in group II, DMF – in group III) were assessed, the oral hygiene index was calculated by the child age. On dental examination, past caries treatment and its complications were considered, the level of dental care (LDC) according to Leus was assessed.Results. The received data on caries intensity in all age groups and all medical conditions were analyzed. The values corresponded to the high and very high intensity (4.2 to 13); the values were 1.89 – 3 times higher than the values received during the epidemiological survey in children of the same age groups in Russia. Multiple primary and secondary (as a complication after the previous dental treatment) caries, associated with poor oral hygiene, was detected. The data revealed that the dental care level in children with rheumatic diseases was ‘poor’ and ‘insufficient’ The interview of the children and their parents showed that 91% of children had never had preventive treatment and 89% of children visited the dentist less than twice a year. The examination revealed that secondary caries, that had developed in 50% of children after the treatment of caries and its complications, and bad fillings, that had to be replaced.Conclusions. Thus, indirect influence of the main disease on the hard dental tissues in children was revealed – motivation for dental treatment and good oral hygiene was decreased for the lack of knowledge. The analysis of dental treatment quality in such children was insufficient. Only emergency dental visits as well as inappropriate materials and methods used for the treatment of caries and its complications result in secondary caries. So, customized treatment approach and prevention programs should be developed and introduced for the oral care in children with rheumatic diseases according to the main disease course, administered background therapy and the level of dental health education.
Treatment of a child with venolymphatic malformation of the tongue
Authors: Yamatina S. V. , Petukhov A. V. , Komelyagin D. Y. , Topolnitsky O. Z. 
Published: April 2021

Relevance. Lymphatic and venolymphatic malformations account for 6-18% of benign lesions in children. In most cases, the head and neck regions are affected, with 50% of intraoral lesions occurring in the tongue. Venolymphatic malformation of the tongue leads to severe functional problems, even life-threatening, to serious esthetic defects and social maladjustment. Diagnosis and treatment of this patient population is a difficult and unsolved problem in pediatric maxillofacial surgery since there is no common algorithm for managing such patients. Purpose – optimization and improvement of the rehabilitation’s effectiveness of children with lymphatic and venolymphatic malformations of the tongue by creating a clear algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of this patients’ group.Materials and methods. A child aged 1 year and 5 months was treated for venolymphatic malformation of the tongue, macroglossia. In addition to general clinical examination methods, the mandatory diagnostic methods were ultrasonography of pathological tissues, MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and CT (computed tomography) of the head and neck with intravenous administration of a contrast agent, fibrolaryngoscopy. The child was operated on in two stages: the first stage was a refined resection of the tongue followed by its plastic surgery with the local tissues, the second stage was the removal of the superficial malformation of the tongue using a semiconductor laser LSPIRE-Polyus (ЛСП-«ИРЭ-Полюс»). The surgery was performed under the general anaesthesia. A histopathological examination of the specimen was performed to clarify the diagnosis.Results. The outcome of the treatment was good: functional and esthetic problems were solved, the child became socially adapted. There were no complications during the intra- and postoperative periods. The method of removing the superficial form of venolymphatic malformation of the tongue using a semiconductor laser has once again demonstrated its effectiveness (patent for invention No. 2676832).Conclusions. When examining such children, it is necessary to adhere to a specific diagnostic plan. The treatment of this patients’ group is interdisciplinary and comprehensive, with the obligatory adherence to a clear treatment algorithm, which allows achieving good functional and esthetic outcome. The advantages of laser treatment of the superficial form of venolymphatic malformation of the tongue are the reduction in the risk of recurrence due to the complete and immediate removal of pathological tissues; decrease of the invasiveness of the operation for the precise action of the laser radiation, as well as the simultaneous coagulating effect of laser radiation; improving the functional and esthetic outcome of treatment; reducing the cost of treatment for this group of patients by decreasing the period of the hospital stay.
Five Poems by Arensky at the Verses by Schepkina-Kupernik: Towards the Problem of Poetic Text Interpretation in Music at the Edge of the 19-20 centuries
Authors: Скурко Евгения Романовна , Гусева Елена Владимировна 
Published: April 2021

Статья посвящена проблеме отражения новых тенденций русской художественной культуры рубежа XIX-XX веков в позднем вокальном цикле А. Аренского Пять романсов op. 70 на стихи Т. Щепкиной-Куперник. В частности, речь идет о проявлении в поэтике и стилистике признаков стихотворения с музыкой, ставшего, как известно, одним из репрезентантов «нового стиля» данной эпохи. Рассматривается изменение отношения композитора к слову, определившее особенности трактовки как мелодики, так и других средств музыкальной выразительности (гармония, фактура, партия фортепиано и так далее). Сопоставление с более ранними камерно-вокальными сочинениями позволяет прочертить линию эволюции стиля Аренского от следования романтической традиции русского лирического романса к отражению некоторых тенденций музыкального искусства начала XX столетия, связанных с модерном.
The article is devoted to the problem of reflecting the new tendencies of Russian artistic culture at the edge of the 19 and 20 centu ries in the late vocal cycle of Arensky Five romances op. 70 on verses by T. Shchepkina-Kupernik. In particular, the features of a poem with music manifestation in the poetics and stylistics of romances, which, as it is known, became one of the signs of the “new style” of this epoch are taken into consideration. We are talking about a change in the composer's attitude to the word, which determined principles of the interpretation of melody and other means of musical expression (harmony, texture, piano part, etc.). Comparison with earlier chamber-vocal compositions allows to draw a line of evolution of Arensky's style from the romantic, characteristic of Russian lyric romance, to the reflection of the stylistic patterns of the early 20 century musical art.
IDENTIFIKASI ZONA KAYA KOBALT PADA CEBAKAN NIKEL LATERIT DI INDONESIA
Authors: Anbiyak Nur , Cahyaningrum Tyas 
Published: April 2021

Kebutuhan kobalt dunia meningkat secara signifikan dan diproyeksikan tahun 2030 akan mencapai 430 ribu ton seiring dengan peningkatan permintaan industri mobil listrik dan penerbangan. Saat ini, lebih dari 60% kebutuhan kobalt berasal dari tambang tembaga-kobalt di Afrika Tengah. Indonesia menyimpan sumberdaya kobalt dalam cebakan nikel-kobalt laterit berpotensi menjadi salah satu pemasok di masa depan jika tersedia fasilitas pengolahan bijih kobalt. Cebakan nikel-kobalt laterit merupakan produk pelapukan batuan ultrabasa dari kompleks ofiolit yang tersebar di Indonesia bagian timur. Pelapukan kimia batuan ultrabasa menghasilkan perlapisan profil laterit yang terdiri dari batuan dasar, saprolit, dan limonit. Ketebalan lapisan saprolit dan limonit dipengaruhi laju pengangkatan tektonik dan ketinggian muka air tanah, dimana seiring waktu pelapukan, laju pengangkatan tektonik rendah dan muka air tanah relatif tinggi akan menghasilkan lapisan saprolit yang relatif tebal. Berdasarkan evaluasi di Sulawesi, Halmahera, dan Papua Barat, konsentrasi tertinggi kobalt berada pada bagian bawah lapisan limonit antara 0,1-0,3%. Keberadaan kobalt pada zona ini berasosiasi dengan mineral-mineral Mn-oksida dengan jumlah sumberdaya keseluruhan mencapai 2,9 miliar ton. Hingga saat ini fasilitas pengolahan kobalt belum tersedia dan sebagian besar hanya mengekstraksi bijih nikel dari lapisan saprolite. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya konservasi untuk menyelamatkan bijih kobalt demi keberlangsungan industri pertambangan dan turunannya di masa depan.