bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large‐scale generation of megakaryocytes from human embryonic stem cells using transgene‐free and stepwise defined suspension culture conditions
Authors: Zhang Bowen , Wu Xumin , Zi Guicheng , He Lijuan , Wang Sihan , Chen Lin , Fan Zeng , Nan Xue , Xi Jiafei , Yue Wen , Wang Lei , Wang Liu , Hao Jie , Pei Xuetao , Li Yanhua 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivesEx vivo engineered production of megakaryocytes (MKs) and platelets (PLTs) from human pluripotent stem cells is an alternative approach to solve shortage of donor‐donated PLTs in clinics and to provide induced PLTs for transfusion. However, low production yields are observed and the generation of clinically applicable MKs and PLTs from human pluripotent stem cells without genetic modifications still needs to be improved.Materials and MethodsWe defined an optimal, stepwise and completely xeno‐free culture protocol for the generation of MKs from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). To generate MKs from hESCs on a large scale, we improved the monolayer induction manner to define three‐dimensional (3D) and sphere‐like differentiation systems for MKs by using a special polystyrene CellSTACK culture chamber.ResultsThe 3D manufacturing system could efficiently generate large numbers of MKs from hESCs within 16‐18 days of continuous culturing. Each CellSTACK culture chamber could collect on an average 3.4 × 108 CD41+ MKs after a three‐stage orderly induction process. MKs obtained from hESCs via 3D induction showed significant secretion of IL‐8, thrombospondin‐1 and MMP9. The induced cells derived from hESCs in our culture system were shown to have the characteristics of MKs as well as the function to form proPLTs and release PLTs. Furthermore, we generated clinically applicable MKs from clinical‐grade hESC lines and confirmed the biosafety of these cells.ConclusionsWe developed a simple, stepwise, 3D and completely xeno‐free/feeder‐free/transgene‐free induction system for the generation of MKs from hESCs. hESC‐derived MKs were shown to have typical MK characteristics and PLT formation ability. This study further enhances the clinical applications of MKs or PLTs derived from pluripotent stem cells.
BK virus nephropathy in non‐renal solid organ transplant recipients: Are we looking hard enough?
Authors: Mallavarapu Ravi K. , Sanoff Scott L. , Howell David N. , Roberts John K. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe retrospectively examined the clinical characteristics, pathological features, and outcomes of BK viremia and nephropathy in a population of non‐renal solid organ transplant patients (NRSOT) referred for outpatient nephrology consultation over a period of 5 years. In the entire cohort of liver, heart, and lung transplant recipients referred to this clinic, 14% percent were found to have BK viremia with a median peak serum BK viral load of 35 500 copies/ml (range 250 to 21 100 000 copies/ml). BK viremia resolved in six of the seventeen patients (35%). Four out of five patients biopsied showed BK virus (BKV) nephropathy. Eleven out of seventeen patients with BK viremia developed advanced (stage 4 or 5) chronic kidney disease. Four patients developed rejection of their solid organ transplant within the first year post detection of BK viremia after immunosuppression reduction. We conclude that a multi‐center study is required to evaluate whether implementation of a systematic BK screening program would be effective in early detection and management of this problem in the NRSOT population.
No survival benefit associated with waiting for non‐lung donor heart transplants for adult recipients with congenital heart disease
Authors: Diamant Michael J. , Fox Arieh L. , Modi Vivek A. , Joshi Aditya A. , Clark Daniel E. , Bichell David P. , Cedars Ari , Fowler Rachel , Frischhertz Benjamin P. , Mazurek Jeremy A. , Schlendorf Kelly H. , Shah Ashish S. , Zalawadiya Sandip K. , Lindenfeld JoAnn , Menachem Jonathan N. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundAdults with congenital heart disease (CHD) awaiting heart transplant (HT) have higher mortality and waitlist removal due to clinical deterioration than those without CHD. The selective use of non‐lung donors (NLD) to recover donor pulmonary vasculature to assist in graft implantation may be a contributing factor and is supported by consensus statements despite the recent use of pericardium or graft material as an alternative in pulmonary vascular reconstruction. The impact of selecting NLD for CHD recipients on wait time and mortality has not been evaluated.Methods/ResultsIn the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) Registry, 1271 HT recipients age ≥ 18 with CHD were identified between 1987 and 2016, 68% of which had NLDs. Prior to HT, NLD recipients were significantly less likely to be listed UNOS Status 1A, require mechanical ventilation, or intra‐aortic balloon pump support. There was no difference in mean waitlist time (254 vs. 278 days, p = .31), 1‐year mortality (82% vs. 80%, p = .81; adjusted odds ratio 1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.96–1.83, p = .08), or overall mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 1.08, 95% CI 0.86–1.36, p = .48) between recipients from NLD and concomitant lung donors.ConclusionsAdult CHD patients who are less critically ill or listed at a lower status are more likely to receive HT from NLD. There is no overall mortality benefit associated with this practice. While specific cases may necessitate waiting for NLD, programs need to re‐evaluate whether this should remain a more widespread practice among CHD patients.
Characteristics and clinical implications of pleural effusions after lung transplantation: A retrospective analysis of 195 thoracocenteses in 113 patients
Authors: Joean Oana , Kayser Moritz Z. , Valtin Christina , Ewen Raphael , Gottlieb Jens 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDespite advances in lung transplantation (LTx), morbidity, and mortality are high. We hypothesized that pleural effusions requiring thoracocentesis lead to poor outcomes after LTx. We performed a single‐center retrospective analysis of thoracocenteses after initial hospital discharge in LTx patients between March 2008 and September 2020 to identify risk factors, etiologies, and outcomes. Of the 1223 patients included, 113 patients (9.2%) required a total of 195 thoracocenteses. The cumulative incidence of thoracocentesis was 10.6% at 1 year and 14.2% at 5 years after transplantation. We observed a bimodal distribution of pleural effusion onset with a threshold at 6 months. Late‐onset effusions were mostly of malignant or cardiac origin. We observed a high rate of nonspecific effusions (41.5%) irrespective of the timepoint post‐transplantation. Patients with late‐onset effusions had significantly lower survival compared to a matched controlled group (HR 2.43; 95% CI (1.27–4.62). All pulmonary function parameters were significantly decreased in patients requiring thoracocentesis compared to matched controls. Male sex and re‐transplantation were risk factors for pleural effusions. In conclusion, pleural effusions requiring thoracocentesis occur frequently in LTx patients and lead to a reduced long‐term allograft function. Late‐onset effusions are associated with a lower survival.
960. DORITIS NATMATAUNGENSIS
Authors: Yukawa Tomohisa 
Published: February 2021

SummaryDoritis natmataungensis T. Yukawa, Nob. Tanaka & J. Murata is illustrated and described. The species is endemic to Chin State, southwestern Myanmar. It is easily distinguished from the closely related Doritis stobartiana (Rchb.f.) T. Yukawa & K. Kita by the following combination of characters: (1) mottled sepals and petals; (2) differently shaped ridge of lateral lobes of labellum; (3) broadly obovate midlobe of labellum; and (4) thick, exserted ridge of mid‐lobe of labellum.
Combination of brentuximab‐vedotin with skin‐directed therapies extends the time to the next therapeutic line in patients with cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Stranzenbach René , Stadler Rudolf 
Published: February 2021

SummaryBackground and ObjectivesBrentuximab vedotin (BV) is a potent therapeutic option for CD30‐positive cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma. Unlike existing studies, BV and other therapeutic procedures were frequently combined for our patients. In this context, the study aims to analyze the effectiveness and safety of BV in a real‐world setting.Patients and MethodsThis is a retrospective monocentric study analyzing treatment outcomes for patients with CD30‐positive cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma treated with BV.Results26 patients (median age: 67 years) were included in the study. Patients were treated with 1.8 or 1.2 mg/kg b.w. Complete remission (CR) was reached in 30.8 % of the patients, and the objective response rate (ORR) was 84.6 %. Side effects were seen in 19 of the 26 patients. As a reaction to progressive disease (PD) under BV monotherapy, we included skin‐directed procedures such as tumor excision, local radiotherapy, and PUVA for six patients. We re‐stabilized the disease and maintained the line of therapy without additional toxicities for a median of seven months longer using this concept.ConclusionsAddition of skin‐directed therapies (SDT) after disease progression under BV monotherapy could stabilize the disease’s continuous advancement or even lead to partial response, thereby extending the time until the next therapeutic escalation.
Relation of p ‐ wave dispersion with presystolic a ‐ wave and aortic valve sclerosis in asymptomatic subjects
Authors: Akyüz Ali Rıza , Özderya Ahmet , Şahin Sinan , Kul Selim , Turan Turhan , Erkan Hakan , Çırakoğlu Ömer Faruk , Karal Hüseyin , Korkmaz Levent 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundP‐wave duration and P‐wave dispersion (PWD) are thought to be the surrogate marker of devoloping atrial fibrillation (AF). The main purpose of present study was to investigate the association between presystolic wave (PSW), aortic valve sclerosis, and PWD.Patients and MethodsPatients with sinus rhythm admitted to the cardiology outpatient clinic were consecutively enrolled. Maximum (Pmax) and minimum (Pmin) P‐wave duration and PWD were measured. Echocardiography was used to assess the aortic valve morphology and presence of PSW. The patients were divided into two groups according to presence or absence of AVSc and PSW.ResultsA total of 100 patients were enrolled consecutively. Patients with both PSW and AVSc had higher PWD values compared with those without PSW (42 ± 15 vs 65 ± 20) and AVSc (52 ± 21 vs 69 ± 19). The patients were categorized on the basis of median PWD values. According to univariate analysis, there was significant association between PWD and presence of PSW (P: .004), presence of AVS (P: .011), hypertension (P: .01) interventricular septal thickness (IVST) (P: .026), and posterior wall thickness (PWT) (P: .022). Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated presence of PSW (95% confidence interval (1.058‐6.505, P: .037) as an independent determinant of PWD.ConclusionAssessment of presystolic A‐wave on echocardiography examination may provide important information regarding the atrial conduction velocities that is a electrophysiological cause of AF. While there was a significant association between AVSc and PWD in univariate analysis, this significance disappeared in multivariate analysis.
Cooperation against all predictions
Authors: Bolle Friedel , Spiller Jörg 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn Binary Threshold Public Good (BTPG) games, n players have binary choices: cooperation or non‐cooperation. If at least k players cooperate, a public good is produced. The case k = n is the Stag Hunt game with the two pure strategy equilibria E1 (all players cooperate) and E0 (no player cooperates). In four rather diverse examples of four‐player Stag Hunt games, three prominent concepts of equilibrium selection favor E0. Experiments, however, result in cooperation frequencies between 70.3% and 99.7%. Also for k < n, the selected equilibria clearly differ from experimental behavior. We interpret our observations by suggesting the concept Behavioral Equilibrium Selection.
Liver fibrosis improvement assessed by magnetic resonance elastography and Mac‐2‐binding protein glycosylation isomer in patients with hepatitis C virus infection receiving direct‐acting antivirals
Authors: Chuaypen Natthaya , Chittmittrapap Salyavit , Avihingsanon Anchalee , Siripongsakun Surachate , Wongpiyabovorn Jongkonnee , Tanpowpong Natthaporn , Tanaka Yasuhito , Tangkijvanich Pisit 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimFibrosis regression has been observed in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection treated with direct‐acting antivirals. This study was aimed at evaluating dynamic changes of serum Mac‐2‐binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) in patients with HCV genotype 1 receiving elbasvir/grazoprevir.MethodsM2BPGi were serially measured at baseline, during and after therapy. Its diagnostic performance at baseline and sustained virological response at 24 weeks after treatment (SVR24) were compared with transient elastography (TE) and the aspartate aminotransferase/platelet ratio index (APRI) using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) as a reference.ResultsOverall, 60 HCV mono‐infected and 36 HCV/HIV co‐infected patients were included with SVR24 rates of 93.3% and 97.2%, respectively. At baseline, TE, M2BPGi and APRI were correlated with MRE (r = 0.788, r = 0.703 and r = 0.564, respectively, p < 0.001). The area under the receiver operator characteristics curves for TE, M2BPGi and APRI in differentiating significant fibrosis were 0.88 (95% confidence interval; 0.81–0.95, p < 0.001), 0.86 (0.79–0.94, p < 0.001) and 0.74 (0.64–0.83, p < 0.001), respectively. The corresponding figures for cirrhosis were 0.95 (0.90–1.00, p < 0.001), 0.96 (0.92–1.00, p < 0.001) and 0.88 (0.79–0.97, p < 0.001), respectively. Compared with baseline, all fibrosis markers significantly declined after achieving SVR24. The correlations of TE, M2BPGi and APRI with MRE at time of SVR24 were r = 0.587 (p < 0.001), r = 0.457 (p < 0.001) and r = 0.293 (p = 0.004), respectively. In multivariate analysis, high baseline alanine aminotransferase level, HCV mono‐infection and advanced fibrosis were factors associated with M2BPGi reduction.ConclusionsHCV eradication is associated with liver fibrosis improvement. M2BPGi has a better performance than APRI in monitoring liver fibrosis in patients treated with direct‐acting antivirals. This marker is applicable in resource‐limited settings where imaging‐based modalities are not widely accessible.
Desistance: A Utopian Perspective
Authors: PATTON DAVID , FARRALL STEPHEN 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe written diaries of 43 adult male respondents from a prison sample that had participated in a restorative justice intervention reveal a nuanced and dynamic process of desistance via their hopes and pains of anticipated desistance at the micro, meso and macro levels. A utopian reading of the respondents’ hopes and pains of desistance is developed which reveals that their diaries express a utopian vision that is not just personal, but also inherently political, radical, collective and transformative. Their pains of desistance on the other hand, reveal a critique and condemnation of the current societal and structural apparatus. The necessity for radical and collective change is clear, if desisters and society are to reach their full potential.
Bovine ossein powder: effect of particle size on its physicochemical and functional characteristics and its application in emulsion‐type sausage
Authors: Srimarut Yanee , Malila Yuwares , Kittiphattanabawon Phanat , Dumnil Jureeporn , Artpradid Princeya , Visessanguan Wonnop 
Published: February 2021

SummaryOssein (OS) powder was prepared from bovine bone, ground and sieved through mesh screens to obtain two different particle sizes of 50 (OS50) and 200 mesh (OS200). Regarding OS property determination, average particle diameters of the OS50 and the OS200 were 260.08 ± 6.48 μm and 51.79 ± 0.39 μm, respectively. Based on non‐reducing electrophoresis, both OS samples consisted of α1‐ and α2‐chain of type I collagen. Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed the presence of triple helical structure with partial unfolding of which the OS200 showed the greater denaturation extent. The OS200 also showed higher emulsion activity but lower oil absorption than those of the OS50. The emulsion‐type sausages containing OS powders (0.5% w/w) exhibited significantly lower total fluid, water, and fat releases than those of the sausages without OS. The OS200‐containing sausages exhibited the lowest expressible water and received the highest hedonic scores in texture and overall acceptance from consumer panel.
Schistocyte quantitation, thrombotic microangiopathy and acute kidney injury in Australian snakebite coagulopathy [ASP28]
Authors: Noutsos Tina , Currie Bart J. , Brown Simon G. , Isbister Geoffrey K. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe major systemic manifestation of hemotoxicity in human snakebite envenoming is venom‐induced consumption coagulopathy (VICC). A subset of patients with VICC develop thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), in which acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs. We aimed to investigate the association between schistocytosis in snakebite patients with VICC and AKI, compared to non‐envenomed patients.MethodsSerial blood films collected from a prospective cohort of snakebite patients (Australian Snakebite Project) were examined. Cases were classified a priori as non‐envenomed snakebites (normal controls), envenomed without VICC, partial VICC without AKI, complete VICC without AKI, and VICC with AKI based on defined clinical and laboratory criteria. The percentage of schistocytes between groups was compared and correlated by Kendall's tau b test.ResultsSeven hundred and eighty blood films from 234 snakebite cases were analyzed. There was a statistically significant correlation (τ = .69, SE .03, P < .001) for schistocytosis between the ordered groups of non‐envenomed snakebites, envenomed without VICC, partial VICC without AKI, complete VICC without AKI, and VICC with AKI groups. Patients with VICC and AKI had a platelet nadir median of 42 × 109/L (interquartile range [IQR] :25‐130 × 109/L), hemoglobin nadir of median 107 g/L (IQR 66‐122 g/L), and maximum LDH median of 1128 U/L (IQR 474‐3255 U/L). A 1.0% threshold for schistocytosis yielded 90% sensitivity (95% CI: 67%‐98%) and 71% specificity (95% CI: 62%‐79%) for predicting AKI in patients with VICC.ConclusionSchistocyte quantitation has good diagnostic utility in snakebite patients with VICC. A definition of snakebite TMA as MAHA with ≥1.0% schistocytes and thrombocytopenia, would appear to be appropriate.
Promoting employee’s self‐change skills: The role of job characteristics, goal clarity and learning goals
Authors: Matsuo Makoto 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPersonal growth initiative (PGI), i.e., self‐change skills, is necessary for employees to adapt to changing environments, but research examining the antecedents of PGI in an organizational context is limited. The present research investigated the antecedents of PGI in the workplace. Using a two‐wave questionnaire survey, data were collected from 204 employees, including nurses, medical technicians and administrative staff, at six healthcare organizations in Japan. The results of hierarchical regression analyses showed that goal clarity and learning goal orientation were positively related to PGI, whereas autonomy, skill variety and job complexity were not significantly related to PGI. The results also showed that goal clarity positively moderated the effect of skill variety on PGI, yet, negatively moderated the effect of job complexity on PGI. This study contributes to the existing literature by demonstrating how personal and situational factors influence employees’ self‐change skills in the workplace.
Day‐case catheterless and drainless minimal‐access pyeloplasty in adults: A single‐center experience of 13 years
Authors: Murali Vinodh , Donati‐Bourne Jack , Thomas Megan , Luscombe Christopher , Golash Anurag , Fernando Herman 
Published: February 2021

ObjectivesTo analyze our practice of drainless and catheterless day‐case minimal‐access pyeloplasty with regard to feasibility, safety and long‐term outcomes.MethodsPatients undergoing minimal‐access pyeloplasty (laparoscopic, with or without robotic assistance) in a single center between 2007 and 2020 were included in this retrospective observational study. Patient demographics and the success rate of day‐case discharge along with postoperative outcomes were analyzed.ResultsA total of 129 patients underwent minimal‐access pyeloplasty in this time period, of whom 116 met the inclusion criteria. The mean patient age was 48 years. A total of 65% of the patients (n = 75) were discharged on the same day and 88% (n = 101) were discharged within 23 h of surgery. Of the 14 patients with a hospital stay of >24 h, pain was the most common reason (60%) for delayed discharge. The overall subjective (pain‐free status) and objective (unobstructed drainage) success rates were 91% and 86%, respectively.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that routine drains or urethral catheters are not necessary in minimal‐access pyeloplasty, and their omission could facilitate early recovery and day‐case discharge without compromising long‐term surgical outcomes. Large randomized controlled studies are required to prospectively evaluate outcomes.
We are not heroes—The flipside of the hero narrative amidst the COVID19‐pandemic: A Danish hospital ethnography
Authors: Halberg Nina , Jensen Pia Søe , Larsen Trine Schifter 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimTo explore how the media and socially established hero narrative, affected the nursing staff who worked in the frontline during the first round of the COVID19‐pandemic.BackgroundDuring the COVID19‐pandemic, both media, politicians and the public have supported and cheered on the frontline healthcare workers around the world. We have found the hero narrative to be potentially problematic for both nurses and other healthcare workers. This paper presents an analysis and discussion of the consequences of being proclaimed a hero.DesignHospital ethnography including fieldwork and focus groups.MethodEmpirical data was collected in a newly opened COVID19‐ward in a university hospital in the urban site of Copenhagen, Denmark. Fieldwork was performed from April until the ward closed in the end of May 2020. Succeeding focus group interviews with nursing staff who worked in the COVID19‐ward were conducted in June 2020. The data were abductively analysed.ResultsThe nursing staff rejected the hero narrative in ways that show how the hero narrative leads to predefined characteristics, ideas of being invincible and self‐sacrificing, knowingly and willingly working in risk, transcending duties and imbodying a boundless identity. Being proclaimed as a hero inhibits important discussions of rights and boundaries.ConclusionThe hero narrative strips the responsibility of the politicians and imposes it onto the hospitals and the individual heroic health care worker.ImpactIt is our agenda to show how the hero narrative detaches the connection between the politicians, society and healthcare system despite being a political apparatus. When reassessing contingency plans, it is important to incorporate the experiences from the health care workers and include their rights and boundaries. Finally, we urge the media to cover a long‐lasting pandemic without having the hero narrative as the reigning filter.