bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bisphosphonate Treatment Alters the Skeletal Response to Mechanical Stimulation in Children With Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sithambaran Siva , Harrison Rachel , Gopal‐Kothandapandi Sujatha , Rigby Alan , Bishop Nick 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTChildren with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) are commonly treated with bisphosphonates. We investigated the skeletal response to mechanical stimulation in children with OI before and after bisphosphonate treatment. Twelve children with OI, naïve to bisphosphonate treatment, stood on a high‐frequency (30 Hz), low‐amplitude (50 to 200 μ) vibrating platform (Marodyne LivMD) for 10 minutes daily (2.5 minutes × 4 with interspersed 1‐minute rest periods) for 7 days (whole body vibration [WBV] 1; day (D) 1–7), followed successively by 5 weeks' monitoring without intervention, 6 weeks' risedronate treatment, 1 week of WBV (WBV2; D85–91), and 1 week without intervention (D92–98). Procollagen type I N‐terminal propeptide (P1NP), bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase (BSALP), and carboxy‐terminal telopeptide of type I collagen cross‐link (CTX) were measured at baseline and intervals bracketing periods of vibration and risedronate treatment. Both P1NP and CTX rose to D8 (18.4%, 13.8%, p < 0.05, respectively), plateaued, then rose again at D43 (19.8%, 19.2%, respectively, p < 0.05 versus baseline). At D85 (after risedronate) both P1NP and CTX had fallen to pre‐WBV1 levels. A significantly smaller increase in P1NP was found after WBV2 (D85–91) at D92 (3.5%, 9.2%, respectively) and D99 versus after WBV1 (both p < 0.05). BSALP changed little after WBV1, fell during risedronate, and rose toward baseline after WBV2. We thus showed that WBV increased bone formation and resorption; that increase was attenuated after risedronate. The early increase in P1NP and CTX (D8) after WBV1 suggests increased osteoid formation within existing remodeling units but not increased mineralization. Later increases in P1NP/CTX (D42) suggest increased remodeling cycle initiation after WBV. Risedronate suppressed both biomarkers. The lower increase in P1NP/CTX after WBV2 suggests limited capacity to increase osteoid formation from existing “early stage” osteoblasts and a possible “hangover” effect of risedronate on remodeling activation. These results provide insights into both the response to WBV, ie, mechanical stimulation, and the effect of antiresorptive therapy in children with OI. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
CellSys: An open‐source tool for building initial structures for bio‐membranes and drug‐delivery systems
Authors: Abbasi Ali , Amjad‐Iranagh Sepideh , Dabir Bahram 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSince phospholipids are the most important components in the structure of biomembranes, they deserve to be considered with a lot of attention in both experimental and computational theoretical studies using molecular simulation methods related to the research in the fields of drug design and drug delivery where they involve knowledge about the interactions of drug molecules with cell membranes. To employ the molecular simulation approach for this purpose the essential requirement is having information about the initial structure of phospholipids and how they interact with the drugs. Therefore in this article, we introduce an open‐source software package in Python programming language for utilizing data manipulation for generation and developing the initial structure of biomolecular cells to provide the needed information for investigation in drug delivery systems. In addition, the proposed software package can be used for the efficient storage of membrane structural data to be exploited in designing new drug delivery systems. To verify the performance of the code and the results of the simulations, several analyses have been done, such as the calculation of area per lipid and self‐diffusion coefficient, in addition to lipid order parameter. The results were in complete agreement with the references.
Critical realism, community psychology, and the curious case of autism: A philosophy and practice of science with social justice in mind
Authors: Botha Monique 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCommunity psychology (CP) is a transformative subdiscipline of psychology which aims to address inequality and social injustice and to attend to wellbeing. It has been argued that CP lacks an underpinning philosophy of science. Philosophies of science provide road maps for values, methods, and objectives, thus ultimately framing all research. This study will highlight how traditional philosophies of science such as positivism, interpretivism, and social constructivism fail to support the complexity of CP and often essentialise complex phenomena, such as autism, to the detriment of stakeholders. Critical realism will then be introduced as a promising philosophy of science for CP, which can reinvigorate CPs push for impactful research and social change. The study will highlight how CP provides a platform for appreciating the complexity of autism and for transforming structures of inequality experienced by autistic people, together with autistic people.
Validation of a proxy‐reported SARC‐F questionnaire for current and retrospective screening of sarcopenia‐related functional impairments
Authors: Maurus Johannes , Terzer Tobias , Benner Axel , Goisser Sabine , Eidam Annette , Roth Anja , Janssen Maike , Jaramillo Sonia , Lorenz Hannes Martin , Micol William , Hauer Klaus , Müller‐Tidow Carsten , Bauer Jürgen M. , Jordan Karin , Neuendorff Nina Rosa 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe strength, assistance walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, and falls (SARC‐F) questionnaire is a well‐established instrument for screening of sarcopenia and sarcopenia‐related functional impairments. As it is based on self‐reporting, its use precludes patients who are unable to answer the questionnaire as a consequence of severe acute diseases or cognitive impairment. Therefore, we aimed to validate a proxy‐reported version of the SARC‐F for both ad‐hoc as well as retrospective screening for severe sarcopenia‐related functional impairments.MethodsPatients aged ≥60 years completed the SARC‐F and performed the short physical performance battery (SPPB) at baseline (T1). Proxies in Cohort A gave a simultaneous assessment of the patients' functional status with the proxy‐reported SARC‐F at T1 and again, retrospectively, after 3 months (T2). Proxies in Cohort B only completed the SARC‐F retrospectively at T2.The questionnaires' performances were assessed through sensitivity/specificity analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. For non‐inferiority analyses, results of both the patient‐reported and proxy‐reported SARC‐F were correlated with the SPPB total score as well as the results of the chair‐rise test subcategory; the respective correlation coefficients were tested against each other.ResultsOne hundred and four patients and 135 proxies participated. Using a SPPB score < 9 points as the reference standard, the proxy‐reported SARC‐F identified patients at high risk for sarcopenia‐related functional impairment with a sensitivity of 0.81 (ad‐hoc), 0.88 (retrospective Cohort A), and 0.87 (retrospective Cohort B) as well as a specificity of 0.89 (ad‐hoc), 0.78 (retrospective Cohort A), and 0.64 (retrospective Cohort B). Areas under the ROC curves were ≥ 0.9 for the ad‐hoc proxy‐reported SARC‐F and the retrospective proxy‐reported SARC‐F in both cohorts. The proxy‐reported SARC‐F showed a non‐inferior correlation with the SPPB compared with the patient‐reported SARC‐F for ad‐hoc (P = <0.001) as well as retrospective screening for severe sarcopenia‐related functional impairment in both Cohorts A (P = 0.007) and B (P = 0.026).ConclusionsProxy‐reported SARC‐F is a valid instrument for both ad‐hoc as well as retrospective screening for sarcopenia‐related functional impairment and could become the standard tool for evaluating this risk in older adults with severe acute disease, for example, in patients with quickly evolving haematological conditions.
Grappling with race: A national study of the broaching attitudes and behavior of school counselors, clinical mental health counselors, and counselor trainees
Authors: Day‐Vines Norma L. , Bryan Julia , Brodar Jennifer R. , Griffin Dana 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study examined counselors’ openness to discussing issues of race, ethnicity, and culture by setting (e.g., school, clinical mental health, and counselor trainee) using the Broaching Attitudes and Behavior Scale. School counselors and White counselors reported significantly higher mean scores on the Avoidant subscale, a measure of counselors’ perceptions that discussions about race, ethnicity, and culture are unwarranted. Significant main effects resulted for counselor setting. Implications for counseling are addressed.
Influence of boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation on rainfall extremes in the Philippines
Authors: Olaguera Lyndon Mark P. , Manalo John A. , Matsumoto Jun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of the northward/northwestward propagating 30–60‐day mode of the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) on the extreme rainfall events in the Philippines during the June–September (JJAS) season from 1979 to 2018. The Philippines domain is divided into the three latitudinal regions: Luzon region (13°–22°N), Visayas region (10°–13°N), and Mindanao region (5°–10°N) to account for the regional differences in the timing of extreme rainfall events. The probability density functions of JJAS rainfall are skewed towards higher values relative to the non‐BSISO days in BSISO Phases 6–8, Phases 5–7, and Phases 4–6 over the Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao regions, respectively, during which the probability of extreme rainfall events at the 95th percentile increases by as much as 80% in some stations in these regions. Further analyses of the large‐scale circulation features show that the increase (decrease) in the probability of extreme rainfall events is associated with enhanced moisture convergence (divergence) induced by the cyclonic (anticyclonic) circulation anomalies of the BSISO and appearance of multiple tropical cyclones. About 36% of the total extreme rainfall events over the Luzon region are associated with TCs during Phases 7–8. On the other hand, TCs contribute by no more than 24% in all phases over the Visayas and Mindanao regions, indicating less TC influence in these regions. This study is the first attempt to clarify the impact of the BSISO on the extreme rainfall events in the Philippines.
Melanoma trials that defined surgical management
Authors: Faries Mark B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTreatment of regional lymph nodes in melanoma has been controversial for more than a century. A series of clinical trials evaluating elective lymph node dissection and then sentinel lymph node biopsy have helped define the current standard of care. These trials resulted in increasingly selective application of surgical intervention for regional lymph nodes in melanoma. First by focusing on optimal candidates for elective lymph node dissection and then by identifying patients through sentinel lymph node biopsy. The current standard of sentinel lymph node biopsy for appropriately selected patients and nodal observation for many patients, even with involved sentinel nodes is both more accurate in staging and much less morbid than what came before.
Lessons learned from investigator‐initiated clinical trials for localized pancreatic cancer
Authors: Tsai Susan , Evans Douglas B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInvestigator‐initiated trials (IITs) are clinical trials in which the clinician is both the sponsor and the investigator. IITs have also been developed to test strategies designed to optimize existing therapies or treatment approaches that may not be supported by industry sponsors or may be too novel to gain the consensus to be supported by cooperative groups. The role of the investigator is comprehensive and includes protocol development, securing funding for the administration of the trial, recruitment and monitoring of subjects, and assurance for the protection of human subjects. We will briefly review the importance of surgeons in developing IITs and provide insights into logistical barriers from conception to completion of the trial.
APPLY THE 3 I’S FOR BREAKTHROUGH CREATIVITY: INQUIRY, IMPROVISATION, AND INTUTION
Authors: Nixon Natalie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe author writes about how creativity can be applied inside and outside the workplace, to benefit individuals, and organizations. This means application of both wonder and rigor; in addition to what she terms as the 3 I's: Inquiry, Improvisation, and Intuition. In her words, within inquiry she points out that “Inquiry is the root of wisdom and the precursor of empathy.” Within improvisation, “Examples of great improvisation show up in jazz, rap, comedy, sales pitches, and scientific experimentation.” Within, Intuition, “Harriet Tubman, Albert Einstein, and Steve Jobs are examples of famous innovators and leaders who relied on and valued their intuition, coupling it with their rational intellect to make decisions.” For the book from which this article is adapted, she “interviewed 56 people with diverse backgrounds—farming, law, plumbing, architecture, perfumery, medicine, education, and technology, to name a few—between June 2018 and August 2019. I wanted to understand how creativity manifests in their work.” She cites such examples/research from the educational nonprofit Leadership+Design (L+D), Nissan Design International, Columbia Business School professor William Duggan, Comcast Corporation, and others. The article concludes with a call to action: “Ultimately, just start. Don't make excuses; follow the bread crumbs and see where they lead you.”
Association of problematic internet use with depression, impulsivity, anger, aggression, and social anxiety: Results of a national study among Lebanese adolescents
Authors: Haddad Chadia , Malaeb Diana , Sacre Hala , Bou Khalil Jad , Khansa Wael , Al Hajj Roula , Kheir Nelly , Saade Sylvia , Obeid Sahar , Hallit Souheil 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTImportanceSeveral studies conducted worldwide (mostly in Western countries) highlighted the negative effects of problematic internet use, particularly among adolescents aged 12 to 17, including depression, impulsivity, aggression, and social fear and avoidance. In Lebanon, literature on the prevalence and impact of problematic internet use among adolescents is limited.ObjectiveThis study aim was to study the association between problematic internet use and depression, impulsivity, anger, aggression and social phobia among Lebanese adolescents.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was performed on 1103 young adolescents (14–17 years), recruited from October 2017 till April 2018. The Internet Addiction Test (IAT) was used to evaluate the level of problematic internet use. Data were analyzed using the MANCOVA analysis. The main independent variable of interest was the IAT, while the dependent variables included the psychological scales.ResultsThe multivariate analysis taking the psychological scales as the dependent variables and the problematic internet use (IAT score) as an independent variable, showed that problematic internet use was associated with higher depression, impulsivity, aggression, anger, hostility and social anxiety.InterpretationProblematic internet use has become an important health issue that should not be overlooked, particularly because of the increased use of the internet by adolescents. Educational programs on early exposure to the internet should be developed.
Exploring the efficacy of testosterone undecanoate in male children with 5α‐reductase deficiency
Authors: Liu Ying , Fan Lijun , Wang Xiaoling , Gong Chunxiu 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTImportanceChildren with 5‐alpha‐reductase deficiency (5α‐RD) and hypospadias present with micropenis, which makes it difficult to obtain sufficient tissue for urethral reconstruction.ObjectiveWe investigated the therapeutic effects of oral testosterone undecanoate and established a standard androgen treatment protocol for patients with 5α‐RD with micropenis.MethodsPatients with 5α‐RD were treated with oral testosterone undecanoate for 3 months as a course. All patients were treated with no more than 3 courses. If the penile length (PL) reached 2.5 cm (the minimum criterion for surgery) or greater than or equal to −2.5 standard deviations (SDs) (lower limit of normal), testosterone undecanoate was considered to be effective.ResultsThe median age of 90 patients with 5α‐RD was 1.7 years (0.9, 3.1 years). The baseline PL was 1.9 ± 0.6 cm before treatment. At the end of the first course, the PL of 63 patients (70%) reached 2.5 cm, and 49 patients (54%) reached greater than or equal to −2.5 SDs. After two treatment courses, the PL of 81 patients (90%) reached 2.5 cm, and 90 patients (100%) reached greater than or equal to −2.5 SDs. After three courses, the PL of all patients reached 2.5 cm, and all patients reached a PL greater than or equal to −2.5 SDs. No abnormal increase was observed in height‐SD score, weight‐SD score, or ratio of bone age to chronological age during the 1–3‐year follow‐up.InterpretationAfter 3–9 months of treatment, PL increased to the target length. No severe adverse reactions were observed during follow‐up. Testosterone undecanoate was safe and effective in children with 5α‐RD with micropenis.
Positive behavior change: Effects of an intervention package for disruptive behavior in a specialized school setting
Authors: Stremel J. Meredith , Hawkins Renee O. , Collins Tai A. , Nabors Laura 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAn ABAB design was used to analyze the effects of positive peer reporting plus a randomized dependent group contingency (PPR + DGC). This intervention package was implemented across three classrooms in an alternative school setting for students diagnosed with emotional and behavioral disorders. The DGC consisted of the teacher randomly choosing a student to watch throughout the 45‐min class period to determine if that student was following classroom rules. If so, the entire class earned a randomly selected reward at the end of class period. The intervention package also included two opportunities, one at the start and one at the end of class, for students to engage in positive reporting sessions. Results indicated an increase in engagement and a decrease in off‐task and disruptive behavior while the intervention was implemented. The effects on positive and negative peer statements were ultimately minimal throughout all classrooms and phases. Social validity data indicated that teachers found the intervention package to be easy to include in their daily routine and stated that they would continue using this intervention package in the future. Discussion focuses on implications for practice and the need for additional research examining the effects of positive peer reports on student behavior.
BoxCar and shotgun proteomic analyses reveal molecular networks regulated by UBR5 in prostate cancer
Authors: Yan Yiwu , Zhou Bo , Lee Yeon‐Joo , You Sungyong , Freeman Michael R. , Yang Wei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractProstate cancer (PC) is a major health and economic problem in industrialized countries, yet our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of PC progression and drug response remains limited. Accumulating evidence showed that certain E3 ubiquitin ligases such as SIAH2, RNF7, and SPOP play important roles in PC development and progression. However, the roles and mechanisms of other E3s in PC progression remain largely unexplored. Through an integration analysis of clinical genomic and transcriptomic profiles of PC tumors, this study identified UBR5 as a top PC‐relevant E3 ubiquitin ligase whose expression levels are strongly associated with PC progression and aggressiveness. BoxCar and shotgun proteomic analyses of control and UBR5‐knockdown PC3 cells complementarily identified 75 UBR5‐regulated proteins. Bioinformatic analysis suggested that the 75 proteins form four molecular networks centered around FANCD2, PAF1, YY1, and LAMB3 via direct protein–protein interactions. Experimental analyses demonstrated that UBR5 associates with and downregulates two key DNA damage repair proteins (XRCC3 and FANCD2) and confers PC cell sensitivity to olaparib, a PARP inhibitor in clinical use for cancer therapy. This study represents the first application of BoxCar in PC research, provides new insights into the molecular functions of UBR5 in PC, and suggests that PC patients with UBR5‐high tumors may potentially benefit from PARP inhibitor treatment.
A large‐scale assay library for targeted protein quantification in renal cell carcinoma tissues
Authors: Lapcik Petr , Janacova Lucia , Bouchalova Pavla , Potesil David , Podhorec Jan , Hora Milan , Poprach Alexandr , Fiala Ondrej , Bouchal Pavel 
Published: December 2021

AbstractRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents 2.2% of all cancer incidences; however, prognostic or predictive RCC biomarkers at protein level are largely missing. To support proteomics research of localized and metastatic RCC, we introduce a new library of targeted mass spectrometry assays for accurate protein quantification in malignant and normal kidney tissue. Aliquots of 86 initially localized RCC, 75 metastatic RCC and 17 adjacent non‐cancerous fresh frozen tissue lysates were trypsin digested, pooled, and fractionated using hydrophilic chromatography. The fractions were analyzed using LC‐MS/MS on QExactive HF‐X mass spectrometer in data‐dependent acquisition (DDA) mode. A resulting spectral library contains 77,817 peptides representing 7960 protein groups (FDR = 1%). Further, we confirm applicability of this library on four RCC datasets measured in data‐independent acquisition (DIA) mode, demonstrating a specific quantification of a substantially increased part of RCC proteome, depending on LC‐MS/MS instrumentation. Impact of sample specificity of the library on the results of targeted DIA data extraction was demonstrated by parallel analyses of two datasets by two pan human libraries. The new RCC specific library has potential to contribute to better understanding the RCC development at molecular level, leading to new diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
Influence of electron‐beam irradiation on plasticity‐controlled and crack‐growth‐controlled failure in high‐density polyethylene
Authors: Cerpentier Robin R. J. , Boerakker Mark J. , Tervoort Theo A. , van Drongelen Martin , Govaert Leon E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn the present study, the influence of electron‐beam irradiation on plasticity‐controlled and crack‐growth‐controlled failure in high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) is investigated and the effect of both molecular weight distribution (MWD) and short chain branching (SCB) content are taken into account. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is used to study the evolution of the MWD of the sol fraction as a function of irradiation dose. Here, it is seen that chains shorter than the percolation threshold (5 kDa) are largely unaffected by electron beam radiation, while the fraction of longest chains (M > 300 kDa) is nearly entirely incorporated into the cross‐linked network. Both yield stress and Young's modulus increased with irradiation dose, where the magnitude of the increase appears to be connected to the gel fraction. The (fatigue) crack growth kinetics of the grades changed relatively little with irradiation dose, which is unexpected. Furthermore, convergence of the crack growth kinetics parameter to a narrow range of values could be observed for the investigated grades at relatively high gel fractions. This would imply that the crack growth kinetics become increasingly independent of the MWD upon irradiation cross‐linking, which could be attributed to a shift in the underlying crack growth mechanism from chain slip to chain scission.