bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust frequency control in a standalone microgrid: An adaptive fuzzy based fractional order cascade PD‐PI approach
Authors: Annamraju Anil , Bhukya Laxman , Nandiraju Srikanth 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn addition to low system inertia and stochastic nature of the load, the intermittent nature of renewable output power causes hefty frequency deviations in a standalone microgrid (SMG) that lead to weakening and blackout of SMG. Hence in the SMG, the frequency control issue is always a challenging issue for the operators. To enhance the frequency stability of MG, the control action needs to be more efficient and robust. To answer the above challenge, in this article, a novel adaptive fuzzy based fractional order cascade PD‐PI controller is proposed for frequency control of SMG. The proposed controller inherits the merits of both fuzzy and fractional order cascade PD‐PI controllers by ignoring the individual limitations. The parameters of the proposed controller are tuned using a recently developed future search algorithm. The proposed controller is tested against various load and renewable disturbances on a real‐time MG test system. The simulation outcomes reveal that the proposed controller and algorithm enhance the dynamic response of SMG significantly compared to various powerful controllers in the literature. Moreover, the proposed controller performance is more robust to the uncertainties in the MG and energy storage system as compared to the various robust controllers in the literature.
Enhanced Mass Transfer of Oxygen through a Gas–Liquid–Solid Interface for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production
Authors: Li Lejing , Xu Liangpang , Hu Zhuofeng , Yu Jimmy C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSolar‐driven photocatalytic oxygen reduction is a potentially sustainable route for the production of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). However, this approach suffers from the limited solubility and slow diffusion of oxygen in water. Another problem is that most photocatalytic oxygen reduction systems do not work well with just water. They often require the addition of sacrificial agents such as alcohols. Here, a covalent organic framework (COF)‐based photocatalyst that can reduce O2 to H2O2 efficiently in pure water under visible‐light irradiation is reported. A solar‐to‐chemical conversion of 0.76% is achieved for H2O2 generation. More importantly, the hydrophobic and mesoporous properties of triphenylbenzene‐dimethoxyterephthaldehyde‐COF allow the formation of a triphase interface (gas–liquid–solid) when loading this catalyst onto a porous substrate. The H2O2 production rate reaches ≈2.9 mmol gcat−1 h−1 at the triphase interface by overcoming the mass‐transfer limitation of O2 in water. Notably, this rate is 15 times higher than that in a diphase system (liquid–solid). The photoelectrochemical tests reveal that the increase in yield is closely related to the enhanced mass‐transfer rate and the higher interfacial O2 concentration. Furthermore, the triphenylbenzene part is identified as the reactive site based on theoretical calculations.
Visualizing Thermally Activated Memristive Switching in Percolating Networks of Solution‐Processed 2D Semiconductors
Authors: Sangwan Vinod K. , Rangnekar Sonal V. , Kang Joohoon , Shen Jianan , Lee Hong‐Sub , Lam David , Shen Junhua , Liu Xiaolong , de Moraes Ana C. M. , Kuo Lidia , Gu Jie , Wang Haihua , Hersam Mark C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMemristive systems present a low‐power alternative to silicon‐based electronics for neuromorphic and in‐memory computation. 2D materials have been increasingly explored for memristive applications due to their novel biomimetic functions, ultrathin geometry for ultimate scaling limits, and potential for fabricating large‐area, flexible, and printed neuromorphic devices. While the switching mechanism in memristors based on single 2D nanosheets is similar to conventional oxide memristors, the switching mechanism in nanosheet composite films is complicated by the interplay of multiple physical processes and the inaccessibility of the active area in a two‐terminal vertical geometry. Here, the authors report thermally activated memristors fabricated from percolating networks of diverse solution‐processed 2D semiconductors including MoS2, ReS2, WS2, and InSe. The mechanisms underlying threshold switching and negative differential resistance are elucidated by designing large‐area lateral memristors that allow the direct observation of filament and dendrite formation using in situ spatially resolved optical, chemical, and thermal analyses. The high switching ratios (up to 103) that are achieved at low fields (≈4 kV cm−1) are explained by thermally assisted electrical discharge that preferentially occurs at the sharp edges of 2D nanosheets. Overall, this work establishes percolating networks of solution‐processed 2D semiconductors as a platform for neuromorphic architectures.
Building a Library for Catalysts Research Using High‐Throughput Approaches
Authors: Liu Xiaorui , Liu Bin , Ding Jia , Deng Yida , Han Xiaopeng , Zhong Cheng , Hu Wenbin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe development of new catalysts is an urgent task in chemistry research because of the increasing demands for higher productivity and efficiency in modern industrial chemistry. High‐throughput (HT) technologies have emerged as powerful accelerators for the discovery of new catalytic materials. Generally, HT techniques involve HT computational screening of catalytic materials and HT experimental approaches. Significant progress has been made in discovering and optimizing catalysts, which demonstrates the speed and economic advantages of HT methods in a matter of process within days and even hours, in contrast with traditional time‐consuming trial and error experiments. From this perspective, the key processes of HT technologies for building a catalysts library are highlighted, including the virtual lab construction based on informatics tools and experimental data lab involving the following processes: 1) design of experiments; 2) reactants prepared manually or automatically; 3) constructing reactor that can well control the variations including materials diversity and reaction conditions (e.g., temperature and reaction time); 4) parallel characterization of fabricated catalysts. Moreover, the correlation between virtual lab and experimental data is discussed to inspire explorations in this field. Furthermore, several remaining challenges of HT technologies accompanied by possible research directions are presented to promote efforts in catalysts library creation.
A 3D‐Bioprinted Multiple Myeloma Model
Authors: Wu Di , Wang Zongyi , Li Jun , Song Yan , Perez Manuel Everardo Mondragon , Wang Zixuan , Cao Xia , Cao Changliang , Maharjan Sushila , Anderson Kenneth C. , Chauhan Dharminder , Zhang Yu Shrike 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of plasma cells accounting for ≈12% of hematological malignancies. In this study, the fabrication of a high‐content in vitro MM model using a coaxial extrusion bioprinting method is reported, allowing formation of a human bone marrow‐like microenvironment featuring an outer mineral‐containing sheath and the inner soft hydrogel‐based core. MM cells are mono‐cultured or co‐cultured with HS5 stromal cells that can release interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), where the cells show superior behaviors and responses to bortezomib in 3D models than in the planar cultures. Tocilizumab, a recombinant humanized anti‐IL‐6 receptor (IL‐6R), is investigated for its efficacy to enhance the chemosensitivity of bortezomib on MM cells cultured in the 3D model by inhibiting IL‐6R. More excitingly, in a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, it is revealed that patient‐derived MM cells can be maintained in 3D‐bioprinted microenvironment with decent viability for up to 7 days evaluated, whereas they completely die off in planar culture as soon as 5 days. In conclusion, a 3D‐bioprinted MM model is fabricated to emulate some characteristics of the human bone marrow to promote growth and proliferation of the encapsulated MM cells, providing new insights for MM modeling, drug development, and personalized therapy in the future.
Tuning Conjugated Polymer Chain Packing for Stretchable Semiconductors
Authors: Xu Jie , Wu Hung‐Chin , Mun Jaewan , Ning Rui , Wang Weichen , Wang Ging‐Ji Nathan , Nikzad Shayla , Yan Hongping , Gu Xiaodan , Luo Shaochuan , Zhou Dongshan , Tok Jeffrey B.‐H. , Bao Zhenan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn order to apply polymer semiconductors to stretchable electronics, they need to be easily deformed under strain without being damaged. A small number of conjugated polymers, typically with semicrystalline packing structures, have been reported to exhibit mechanical stretchability. Herein, a method is reported to modify polymer semiconductor packing‐structure using a molecular additive, dioctyl phthalate (DOP), which is found to act as a molecular spacer, to be inserted between the amorphous chain networks and disrupt the crystalline packing. As a result, large‐crystal growth is suppressed while short‐range aggregations of conjugated polymers are promoted, which leads to an improved mechanical stretchability without affecting charge‐carrier transport. Due to the reduced conjugated polymer intermolecular interactions, strain‐induced chain alignment and crystallization are observed. By adding DOP to a well‐known conjugated polymer, poly[2,5‐bis(4‐decyltetradecyl)pyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐1,4‐(2H,5H)‐dione‐(E)‐1,2‐di(2,2′‐bithiophen‐5‐yl)ethene] (DPPTVT), stretchable transistors are obtained with anisotropic charge‐carrier mobilities under strain, and stable current output under strain up to 100%.
Hydroxyl‐Rich d‐Sorbitol to Address Transport Layer/Perovskite Interfacial Issues toward Highly Efficient and Stable 2D/3D Tin‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Chen Junwen , Zhao Xiangqing , Cheng Yangfeng , Qian Jie , Wang Minghao , Shen Wei , Cao Kun , Huang Yue , Hui Wei , Gu Yunhao , Chen Yonghua , Gao Xingyu , Chen Shufen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract2D/3D mixed tin (Sn)‐based perovskites serving as excellent active layers possess a potential for enhancing film/device stabilities, open‐circuit voltage, and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Unfortunately, the poor morphology and low film coverage of these 2D/3D perovskites jeopardize their device performance and stability. Herein, doping of hydroxyl‐rich d‐sorbitol into hole transport layer poly(3,4‐ethenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) can effectively address the PEDOT:PSS/perovskite interfacial issues. The multihydroxyl groups from d‐sorbitol can sufficiently anchor iodide ions ([SnI6]4− or free I−) of PEA0.1(FA0.75MA0.25)0.9SnI3 perovskite via hydrogen bond, which not only introduces more nucleation sites with improved crystallinity along the preferential crystal orientations, but also reduces the trap states’ density and suppresses the iodide ions’ migration. In the meanwhile, the content of SnI2 is reduced in the resulting perovskite films. All of these are conducive to form compact and smooth high‐quality perovskite films with less traps and enhanced stability. Benefitting from these, an inverted PSC with a champion PCE of 10.46% and a lifetime of 700 h (25% attenuation in N2) is eventually achieved. This work provides a promising approach to manufacture highly efficient and stable Sn‐based PSCs based on 2D/3D mixed perovskites.
Multi‐Enzymatic Cascade Reactions for the Synthesis of cis,cis‐Muconic Acid
Authors: Vignali Elisa , Pollegioni Loredano , Di Nardo Giovanna , Valetti Francesca , Gazzola Silvia , Gilardi Gianfranco , Rosini Elena 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLignin valorization allows the generation of a number of value‐added products such as cis,cis‐muconic acid (ccMA), which is widely used for the synthesis of chemicals for the production of biodegradable plastic materials. In the present work, we reported the first multi‐enzymatic, one‐pot bioconversion process of vanillin into ccMA. In details, we used four sequential reactions catalyzed by xanthine oxidase, O‐demethylase LigM (and the tetrahydrofolate‐regeneration enzyme methyl transferase MetE), decarboxylase AroY (based on the use of E. coli transformed cells) and catechol 1,2‐dioxygenase CatA. The optimized lab‐scale procedure allowed to reach, for the first time, the conversion of 5 mM vanillin into ccMA in ∼30 h with a 90% yield: this achievement represents an improvement in terms of yields and time when compared to the use of a whole‐cell system. This multi‐enzymatic system represents a sustainable alternative for the production of a high value added product from a renewable resource.magnified image
Nanotechnology for Targeted Detection and Removal of Bacteria: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Hajipour Mohammad J. , Saei Amir Ata , Walker Edward D. , Conley Brian , Omidi Yadollah , Lee Ki‐Bum , Mahmoudi Morteza 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe emergence of nanotechnology has created unprecedented hopes for addressing several unmet industrial and clinical issues, including the growing threat so‐termed “antibiotic resistance” in medicine. Over the last decade, nanotechnologies have demonstrated promising applications in the identification, discrimination, and removal of a wide range of pathogens. Here, recent insights into the field of bacterial nanotechnology are examined that can substantially improve the fundamental understanding of nanoparticle and bacteria interactions. A wide range of developed nanotechnology‐based approaches for bacterial detection and removal together with biofilm eradication are summarized. The challenging effects of nanotechnologies on beneficial bacteria in the human body and environment and the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to nanotherapeutics are also reviewed.
GGCX‐related congenital combined vitamin K‐dependent clotting factors deficiency‐1: Description of a fetus with chondrodysplasia punctata
Authors: Mathonnet Alix , Cunat Séverine , Allias Fabienne , Caillot Sandrine , Thonnon Cyrielle , Till Marianne , Attié‐Bitach Tania , Touraine Renaud , Meunier Sandrine , Cartellier Charline , Rossi Massimiliano , Attia Jocelyne , Putoux Audrey 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCongenital combined vitamin K‐dependent clotting factors deficiency (VKCFD) is a rare autosomal recessive disease resulting in hemorrhagic symptoms usually associated with developmental disorders and bone abnormalities. Pathogenic variants in two genes encoding enzymes of the vitamin K cycle, GGCX and VKORC1, can lead to this disorder. We present the case of a male fetus with a brachytelephalangic chondrodysplasia punctata (CDP), absence of nasal bone, growth restriction, and bilateral ventriculomegaly at 18 weeks of gestation. Pathological examination showed a Binder phenotype, hypoplastic distal phalanges, stippled epiphyses, and brain abnormalities suggestive of a brain hemorrhage. Two GGCX pathogenic variants inherited respectively from the mother and the father were identified. To our knowledge, this is the first prenatal description of VKCFD. Even if it remains a rare etiology, which is mostly described in children or adult patients, VKCFD should be considered in fetuses with CDP.
Operando Terahertz Spectroscopy of Solid Electrolyte Interphase Evolution on Silicon Anodes
Authors: Krotkov Daniel , Schneier Dan , Menkin Svetlana , Horowitz Yonatan , Peled Emanuel , Golodnitsky Diana , Fleischer Sharly 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe in‐situ characterization of materials and interphases of battery electrodes is of crucial importance for the basic understanding of the complex, simultaneous processes that take place during the operation of secondary batteries. Here we present, for the first time, the use of a Terahertz (THz) time‐domain‐spectroscopy method for the operando characterization of the silicon/electrolyte interfacial phenomena and dynamics in a working lithium‐ion battery. Strong correlation between the THz, XPS, and electrochemical data was established, allowing us to monitor the formation and evolution of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) during the reversible lithiation of the silicon anode.
Zinc‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors: Progress and Future Perspective
Authors: Gong Xuefei , Chen Jingwei , Lee Pooi See 
Published: September 2021

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Prof. Pooi See Lee. The cover picture shows environmentally friendly Zn2+‐based energy storage devices. In view of their merits including good safety, low costs, satisfactory energy density and power density as well as environmental friendliness, Zn‐ion hybrid supercapacitors are promising energy storage devices. Read the full text of the Review at 10.1002/batt.202100034.
Eco‐innovations of firms: A longitudinal analysis of the roles of industry norms and proactive environmental strategy
Authors: Roxas Banjo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThere is scant empirical longitudinal evidence in the extant eco‐innovation literature on how industry norms, standards and expectations influence firms' strategic choices and innovation activities in the context of environmental sustainability. This study fills this research gap by determining the causal effects of industry norms that promote environmentally sustainable business practices on developing a firm's proactive environmental strategy, which propels a firm's eco‐innovation outputs or those innovations considered environmentally sustainable. It utilises two waves of survey data involving 274 small and medium enterprises and the cross‐lagged panel method of longitudinal analysis to bring to light the explanatory mediating power of a firm's environmental strategy as a response to industry norms that push firms to pursue eco‐innovations. Drawing on institutional and strategic adaptation theories, this study's main findings on the causal and predictive temporal effects of industry norms on firm strategy and eco‐innovation offer robust empirical evidence that extends and overcomes the shortcomings of previous studies on firm‐level eco‐innovation and its institutional and strategy‐related determinants. This article presents the significant theoretical, empirical, methodological and practical implications of the study.
Supercapacitive Performances of Single‐Phase Quaternary Metal Hydroxychlorides
Authors: Zheng Mengmeng , Chen Qibin , Bian Jianqing , Liu Honglai 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMetal hydroxychloride, as a new electrode material, shows an excellent electrochemical performance owing to the presence of abundant Cl− ions and hydroxyl groups. Herein, a single‐phase quaternary M2(OH)3Cl based composite is constructed, for the first time, via a simple deep eutectic solvent annealing process, followed by the exposure to air at ambient temperature. Herein, this composite, denoted as M2(OH)3Cl‐4/CoNi/N−C, is made up of ultrafine M2(OH)3Cl nanoparticles composed of Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+ and Ni2+, CoNi alloy nanoparticles and N‐doped carbon with a degree of graphitization. M2(OH)3Cl‐4/CoNi/N−C exhibits an excellent specific capacitance of 1576.6 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1, exceeding the unary, binary and ternary metal hydroxychlorides, which is attributed to the synergistic effect among the four metals in M2(OH)3Cl and the formation of CoNi alloy nanoparticles and carbon substrates. Our findings offer promise for creating unique functional materials via combining multiple components with distinctive properties.
Vertical Migration of Copper and Zinc Ions in Soils Polluted by Electroplating Sludge
Authors: Datsenko Vita , Borzenko Oleksandra , Kaliuzhna Iuliia 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe relevance of the study is due to the fact the high concentration of copper and zinc ions in waste from electroplating industries and their different migration in the environment make these metals sensitive indicators of industrial pollution. The aim of this work is to study the vertical migration of copper and zinc ions from model sulfate copper‐zinc sludge into the horizons of four soil samples. Technogenic pollution with copper and zinc in the “sludge–soil” system is explained by the chemical composition of galvanic sludge, the properties of metals included in it, and the physicochemical properties of soils. An increase in the content of Cu2+ and Zn2+ with depth is recorded in all layers of the studied soils after pollution with maximum accumulation in the upper layer. The index of the pollution concentration of Zn2+ is 8–31 times higher than that of Cu2+. The fixation of Cu2+ and Zn2+ in the upper soil layer and low migration to the lower layers is facilitated by a high sum of exchangeable cations up to 12.8. The values of the factor of element contamination indicate a high risk of contamination of the upper horizons of the studied soils.
Adsorption and Activation of CO2 on Nitride MXenes: Composition, Temperature, and Pressure effects
Authors: Jurado Anabel , Ibarra Kevin , Morales‐García Ángel , Viñes Francesc , Illas Francesc 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe interaction of CO2 with nitride MXenes of different thickness is investigated using periodic density functional theory‐based calculations and kinetic simulations carried out in the framework of transition state theory, the ultimate goal being predicting their possible use in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). We consider the basal (0001) surface plane of nitride MXenes with Mn+1Nn (n=1–3; M=Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, and W) stoichiometry and also compare to equivalent results for extended (001) and (111) surfaces of the bulk rock‐salt transition metal nitride compounds. The present results show that the composition of MXenes has a marked influence on the CO2‐philicity of these substrates, whereas the thickness effect is, in general, small, but not negligible. The largest exothermic activation is predicted for Ti‐, Hf‐, and Zr‐derived MXenes, making them feasible substrates for CO2 trapping. From an applied point of view, Cr‐, Mo‐, and W‐derived MXenes are especially well suited for CCS as the interaction with CO2 is strong enough but molecular dissociation is not favored. Newly developed kinetic phase diagrams are introduced supporting that Cr‐, Mo‐, and W‐derived MXenes are appropriate CCS substrates as they are predicted to exhibit easy capture at mild conditions and easy release by heating below 500 K.
A low‐profile planar monopole antenna for ISM/IMT/Bluetooth/Zigbee/WiFi/WiMAX/WLAN wireless communication applications
Authors: Alam Md. Mottahir , Azim Rezaul , Mehedi Ibrahim Mustafa , Khan Asif Irshad 
Published: September 2021

SummaryRecently, there is a significant rise in the numbers of devices and systems that use industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) frequency bands. The ISM band is not only used in ISM applications but also in telecommunication services including IMT, Zigbee, Bluetooth, WiFi, WiMAX, WLAN, RFID, military radars, and wireless sensor networks. To cover all these applications, in this paper, a low‐profile planar monopole antenna is suggested for 2.45‐GHz band communication applications. The anticipated antenna is composed of a vertical bar‐shaped radiator and a partial ground plane with two vertical slits. The inclusion of vertical slits in the ground plane forms a matching circuit by enlarging the current path, and hence, the studied design can achieve a measured operating band of 2.2 to 2.95 GHz. Moreover, the studied antenna achieved a maximum peak gain of 2.77 dBi and a maximum radiation efficiency of 82.45% and exhibited an omnidirectional radiation pattern that makes it appropriate for ISM and different narrowband wireless applications.