bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurse‐led ambulatory care supported by non‐invasive haemodynamic assessment after acute heart failure decompensation
Authors: Krzesiński Paweł , Siebert Janusz , Jankowska Ewa Anita , Galas Agata , Piotrowicz Katarzyna , Stańczyk Adam , Siwołowski Paweł , Gutknecht Piotr , Chrom Paweł , Murawski Piotr , Walczak Andrzej , Szalewska Dominika , Banasiak Waldemar , Ponikowski Piotr , Gielerak Grzegorz 
Published: January 2021

AbstractHeart failure (HF) is characterized by frequent decompensation and an unpredictable trajectory. To prevent early hospital readmission, coordinated discharge planning and individual therapeutic approach are recommended.AimsWe aimed to assess the effect of 1 month of ambulatory care, led by nurses and supported by non‐invasive haemodynamic assessment, on the functional status, well‐being, and haemodynamic status of patients post‐acute HF decompensation.Methods and resultsThis study had a multicentre, prospective, and observational design and included patients with at least one hospitalization due to acute HF decompensation within 6 months prior to enrolment. The 1 month ambulatory care included three visits led by a nurse when the haemodynamic state of each patient was assessed non‐invasively by impedance cardiography, including thoracic fluid content assessment. The pharmacotherapy was modified basing on haemodynamic assessment. Sixty eight of 73 recruited patients (median age = 67 years; median left ventricular ejection fraction = 30%) finished 1 month follow‐up. A significant improvement was observed in both the patients' functional status as defined by New York Heart Association class (P = 0.013) and sense of well‐being as evaluated by a visual analogue score (P = 0.002). The detailed patients' assessment on subsequent visits resulted in changes of pharmacotherapy in a significant percentage of patients (Visit 2 = 39% and Visit 3 = 44%).ConclusionsThe proposed model of nurse‐led ambulatory care for patients after acute HF decompensation, with consequent assessment of the haemodynamic profile, resulted in: (i) improvement in the functional status, (ii) improvement in the well‐being, and (iii) high rate of pharmacotherapy modifications.
Single Potential Scan Methods for Nanoporous Gold Formation on Ultramicroelectrode Surfaces
Authors: Lee Siyeon , Kim Jongwon 
Published: January 2021

AbstractNanoporous gold (NPG) has been extensively investigated because of their applications. Here, we report a straightforward method for the preparation of NPG on micrometer‐scale electrodes. Well‐defined NPG structures were formed on Au surfaces by a single potential scan within 100 seconds. This method is applied to Au surfaces with small dimensions regardless of the electrode geometry, whereas it is not applicable to conventional millimeter‐scale electrodes. The effects of electrode sizes and scan rates on NPG formation were systematically examined, and the amperometric glucose detection with 20‐μL sample volumes using an ultramicroelectrode (UME) with NPG surfaces was demonstrated.
Transient simulation of electrochemical machining processes for manufacturing of surface structures in high‐strength materials
Authors: Loebel Sascha , Zinecker Mike , Steinert Philipp , Schubert Andreas 
Published: January 2021

AbstractElectrochemical machining (ECM) is a method for removing metal by anodic dissolution. At the interface between the workpiece surface and an electrically conductive fluid (electrolyte), the material is dissolved locally without direct physical contact to the cathodic tool. Due to the force‐free nature of the process, ECM is used for machining high‐strength or hard materials, such as titanium aluminides, Inconel, Waspaloy, and high nickel, cobalt, and rhenium alloys. However, determining suitable process parameters remains challenging due to their interacting effects on working distances during the machining process. Therefore a simulation‐based approach to process design substantially reduces resource and time investment to achieve the desired geometry of the finished part. This methodology requires data about the materials electrochemical properties, such as removal velocity and current efficiency, which have to be obtained experimentally. In this study, a methodology for acquiring and processing this data as well as the development of multiphysics simulation models is presented exemplarily for manufacturing a centrifugal impeller with a diameter of 14 mm consisting of the nickel alloy Inconel 713C for use in turbomachinery.
Assessing the Toxicity of Individual Aromatic Compounds and Mixtures to American Lobster (Homarus americanus) Larvae Using a Passive Dosing System
Authors: Philibert Danielle , Parkerton Thomas , Marteinson Sarah , de Jourdan Benjamin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Aquatic exposures to aromatic compounds (ACs) may be important contributors to biological effects of oil spills. The present study examined the acute toxicity of 11 ACs and 3 binary AC mixtures on stage 1 American lobster larvae using a passive dosing test design. The ACs investigated covered a range of classes and log octanol–water partition coefficient values (KOW; 2.5–5.5). Silicone O-rings were used to partition ACs into seawater and maintain stable exposures. Exposed lobster larvae were assessed for mobility and survival at 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h. Fluorometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry measurements confirmed well-defined substance exposures. Expressing lethality in terms of chemical activities yielded values between 0.01 and 0.1, consistent with a baseline mode of action. Analysis of time-dependent median lethal/effect concentration (L/EC50) values were used to determine incipient values. An expected linear relationship between the incipient log L/EC50 and log KOW was fit to the empirical toxicity data to derive critical target lipid body burdens for immobilization and lethality endpoints. These values indicate that American lobster larvae fall on the sensitive end of the acute species sensitivity distribution. We used AC toxicity data to successfully predict toxicity of binary mixtures assuming additive toxicity. The observed time-dependent toxicity was inversely related to log KOW and occurred more quickly than reported previously. The results contribute to improving models for predicting oil spill impacts on American lobster larvae populations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1379–1388. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Intermediary capital risk and commodity futures volatility
Authors: Yin Libo , Nie Jing , Han Liyan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper explores the degree and structure of the dependence of commodity futures volatility on intermediary capital risk (ICR) and investigates the economic source of this association. The overall effect of ICR is negative and more significant for the post‐2008 period, although positive and negative ICR play asymmetric roles. Furthermore, we identify a heterogeneous structure of dependence across the volatility distribution as ICR strengthens toward upper volatility percentiles, whereas financialization in commodities flattens this dynamic trace. Finally, the ability of ICR to convey economic news is the most economically important source of the dependence.
On the computation of hedging strategies in affine GARCH models
Authors: Augustyniak Maciej , Badescu Alexandru 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis paper discusses the computation of hedging strategies under affine Gaussian GARCH dynamics. The risk‐minimization hedging strategy is derived in closed‐form and related to minimum variance delta hedging. Several numerical experiments are conducted to investigate the accuracy and properties of the proposed hedging formula, as well as the convergence to its continuous‐time counterpart based on the GARCH diffusion limit process. An empirical analysis with S&P 500 option data over 2001–2015 indicates that risk‐minimization hedging with the affine Gaussian GARCH model outperforms benchmark delta hedges. Our study also reveals that the variance‐dependent pricing kernel contributes to improving the hedging performance.
COVID‐19 and dementia: experience from six European countries
Authors: Burns Alistair , Lobo Antonio , Olde Rikkert Marcel , Robert Philippe , Sartorius Norman , Semrau Maya , Stoppe Gabriela 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) have been well documented across the world with an appreciation that older people and in particular those with dementia have been disproportionately and negatively affected by the pandemic. This is both in terms of their health outcomes (mortality and morbidity), care decisions made by health systems and the longer‐term effects such as neurological damage. The International Dementia Alliance is a group of dementia specialists from six European countries and this paper is a summary of our experience of the effects of COVID‐19 on our populations. Experience from England, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain and Switzerland highlight the differential response from health and social care systems and the measures taken to maximise support for older people and those with dementia. The common themes include recognition of the atypical presentation of COVID‐19 in older people (and those with dementia) need to pay particular attention to the care of people with dementia in care homes; the recognition of the toll that isolation can bring on older people and the complexity of the response by health and social services to minimise the negative impact of the pandemic. Potential new ways of working identified during the pandemic could serve as a positive legacy from the crisis.
Living Donors and the Issue of “Informed Consent”
Authors: Lederer Susan E. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis essay considers the issue of informed consent as it arose in the context of 1960s living kidney donors. In one of the earliest empirical inquiries into informed consent, psychiatrists Carl H. Fellner and John R. Marshall interviewed donors about their decision‐making process and their experience and reflections on donorship. In their much‐cited 1970 paper, the physicians reported that living donors, rather than reaching a reasoned, intellectual, and unemotional decision about donating a kidney (as stipulated in the Ethical Guidelines for Organ Transplantation issued by the American Medical Association's Judicial Council), instead made instantaneous and “irrational” decisions about participation. Fellner and Marshall's studies contributed to the public debate and professional discussion about the moral and ethical dimensions of donorship, even as they challenged the developing consensus on informed consent.
Non‐overt disseminated intravascular coagulopathy associated with the first obinutuzumab administration in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Fresa Alberto , Autore Francesco , Innocenti Idanna , Piciocchi Alfonso , Tomasso Annamaria , Morelli Francesca , Sorà Federica , Sica Simona , De Stefano Valerio , Laurenti Luca 
Published: January 2021

AbstractInfusion‐related reactions are among the worst complications of obinutuzumab (G) administration and occur predominantly during the first infusion. We reported another adverse event related to the first G infusion, a subclinical coagulopathy. We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 13 pts with chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with a frontline G‐chlorambucil regimen. Six pts developed non‐overt disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC) (46%) after the first administration of G. The coagulopathy was subclinical and self‐limited in all pts, not requiring any intervention apart from the suspension of anticoagulant therapy in one pt. We observed a drop in the platelet count, an elevation of D‐dimer levels, and an elongation of activated partial thromboplastin time. We found a significant difference in the platelet count between the pts with DIC and those withouts; in fact, all the six pts with non‐overt DIC had a platelet count greater than 100 × 109/L, while in the other group only one (p = 0.019). A trend towards a lower lymphocyte count and a higher CD20 expression was found in the pts with DIC. No other correlation between the DIC complication and the clinical or laboratory characteristics of the patients was found. The pathogenesis of the G‐related non‐overt DIC could be related to the consumption of the platelets after the lysis of lymphocytes, probably triggered by the damage associated molecular patterns. Despite its limitations, this study describes a new adverse event and identifies a specific subgroup of patients whose clinical management at the time of the infusion of G may need to be refined.
Brentuximab vedotin plus doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine in patients with advanced‐stage, classical Hodgkin lymphoma: A prespecified subgroup analysis of high‐risk patients from the ECHELON‐1 study
Authors: Hutchings Martin , Radford John , Ansell Stephen M. , Illés Árpád , Sureda Anna , Connors Joseph M. , Sýkorová Alice , Shibayama Hirohiko , Abramson Jeremy S. , Chua Neil S. , Friedberg Jonathan W. , Kořen Jan , LaCasce Ann Steward , Molina Lysiane , Engley Gerald , Fenton Keenan , Jolin Hina , Liu Rachael , Gautam Ashish , Gallamini Andrea 
Published: January 2021

AbstractApproximately one‐third of patients diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma presenting with Stage IV disease do not survive past 5 years. We present updated efficacy and safety analyses in high‐risk patient subgroups, defined by Stage IV disease or International Prognostic Score (IPS) of 4–7, enrolled in the ECHELON‐1 study that compared brentuximab vedotin plus doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (A + AVD) versus doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) as first‐line therapy after a median follow‐up of 37.1 months. Among patients treated with A + AVD (n = 664) or ABVD (n = 670), 64% had Stage IV disease and 26% had an IPS of 4–7. Patients with Stage IV disease treated with A + AVD showed consistent improvements in PFS at 3 years as assessed by investigator (hazard ratio [HR], 0.723; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.537–0.973; p = 0.032). Similar improvements were seen in the subgroup of patients with IPS of 4–7 (HR, 0.588; 95% CI, 0.386–0.894; p = 0.012). The most common adverse events (AEs) in A + AVD‐treated versus ABVD‐treated patients with Stage IV disease were peripheral neuropathy (67% vs. 40%) and neutropenia (71% vs. 55%); in patients with IPS of 4–7, the most common AEs were peripheral neuropathy (69% vs. 45%), neutropenia (66% vs. 55%), and febrile neutropenia (23% vs. 9%), respectively. Patients in high‐risk subgroups did not experience greater AE incidence or severity than patients in the total population. This updated analysis of ECHELON‐1 shows a favorable benefit‐risk balance in high‐risk patients.
Study of Brinkman–Bènard nanofluid convection with idealistic and realistic boundary conditions and by considering the effects of shape of nanoparticles
Authors: Siddheshwar Pradeep G. , B. N. Veena 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis study deals with linear and weakly non‐linear stability analyses of Brinkman–Bènard convection in nanoliquid‐saturated porous enclosures. Water with a dilute concentration of molybdenum disulfide nanoparticles with 0.06 volume fraction and 30% glass fiber‐reinforced polycarbonate as a porous medium with porosity 0.88 are considered to be a working medium. The analytical solution is obtained in the present study for idealistic and realistic boundary conditions, and their results are compared. An analytically intractable Lorenz model with quadratic nonlinearities is reduced to a tractable Ginzburg–Landau amplitude equation with cubic nonlinearity using the multiscale method. Nanoparticles with different shapes are considered in the study, and their effects on the onset and heat transfer are discussed in great detail graphically in the presence of other parameters arising in the problem.
A comparison of sarcopenia prevalence between former Tokyo 1964 Olympic athletes and general community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Tanaka Tomoki , Kawahara Takashi , Aono Hiroshi , Yamada Sachiko , Ishizuka Soya , Takahashi Kyo , Iijima Katsuya 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to determine how increased muscle mass and athletic performance in adolescence contribute to the prevention of sarcopenia in old age, accounting for the type of sport and the continuation of exercise habits. We compared the prevalence of sarcopenia, its components (low appendicular skeletal muscle mass, low muscle strength, and low physical function), and musculoskeletal pain using data from two cohorts: former athletes who competed in the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and general community‐dwelling older adults living in Kashiwa City, Chiba Prefecture.MethodsWe analysed the data from 101 former Olympic athletes (mean age ± SD: 75.0 ± 4.4 years; 26% female) and 1529 general community‐dwelling older adults (74.1 ± 5.5 years; 49% women). We assessed sarcopenia (defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia revised in 2019) and musculoskeletal pain and considered potential confounding factors such as demographic characteristics, for example, sex and exercise habits.ResultsThe prevalence of sarcopenia was significantly lower in former Olympic athletes than general older adults (odds ratios [OR], 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20–0.94), especially with regard to superior appendicular skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength. This effect was more pronounced in individuals who continued their exercise and in athletes whose sporting discipline was classified as having a high exercise intensity. Conversely, low physical function (OR, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.16–6.07) and musculoskeletal pain (OR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.24–3.97) were more prevalent in former Olympic athletes and in athletes who competed in sports with physical contact.ConclusionsWe observed a lower prevalence of sarcopenia and superior appendicular skeletal muscle mass and strength in the former Olympic athletes, especially among those that continued their exercise habits and those in sports with high exercise intensity. Conversely, low physical function and higher musculoskeletal pain scores were more prevalent in former Olympic athletes, especially among athletes who competed in sports with physical contact. Our results warrant further promotion of exercise in adolescence and beyond as well as providing safety education, which is required to prevent the development of sarcopenia and musculoskeletal pain in old age.
A critical evaluation of the use of accumulated energy as a parameter for the scale‐up of solar photoreactors during the treatment of simulated industrial wastewater by solar photo‐Fenton
Authors: Cabrera‐Reina Alejandro , Miralles‐Cuevas Sara , Soriano‐Molina Paula , Sánchez‐Pérez Jose A 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis work presents a critical evaluation of the use of accumulated energy (QUV) as a parameter for the scale‐up of solar photoreactors. The combined effect of initial pollutant load, iron concentration and UV radiation on industrial wastewater treatment by solar photo‐Fenton was investigated to identify photolimitation and photosaturation conditions.RESULTSThe assays were carried out using a flat‐plate collector (photoreactor with 12 and 20 mg L−1 of iron under average solar UVA irradiances in the range from 16 to 27 W m−2. In effluents with low initial organic load (45–90 mg L−1), the effect of the initial Fenton reaction was predominant against the contribution of solar radiation. Conversely, the contribution of solar radiation to the process performance was greater in effluents with the highest initial organic load (180–270 mg L−1). Within the range of solar radiation investigated, the process was photolimited when carried out with 20 mg L−1 of iron; however, with 12 mg L−1 of iron the process became photosaturated at irradiances above 15 W m−2.CONCLUSIONSUnder photosaturation, the extra energy available that cannot be absorbed by the catalyst resulted in ca 60% overestimation of QUV, which can finally lead to 20–30% cost overrun due to photoreactor oversize. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
Association of uterine and urinary bladder lipomas
Authors: Abed Mohammed , Sultan Omar Muayad , Al‐Tameemi Haider 
Published: January 2021

AbstractLipomas of the uterus and of the urinary bladder are rare. Their coexistence is even rarer Ultrasound can play a key role in their diagnosis. We report a case of coexisting of the uterus and the urinary bladder in a 61‐year‐old woman.
Measuring the amorphous: Substantive and methodological outcomes from concept maps
Authors: Foley Rider W. , Ferguson Sean M. , Pollack Catherine C. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundAccreditation organizations broadened program assessment criteria in ways that present challenges for the evaluation of learning outcomes. This is especially the case in courses where there are not narrowly defined questions or definitive solutions, such as engineering ethics. While protocols for learning assessment exist, there is limited research exploring sociotechnical learning outcomes in a manner that combines theoretical, empirical, and procedural aspects of assessment.Purpose/HypothesisThis paper shares 3 years of research into the effectiveness of concept maps as an assessment tool for engineering students in courses that prioritize professional skills development and sociotechnical thinking. We show that concept maps can offer evidence of knowledge formation and learning outcomes associated with courses that introduce complex problems with multiple possible interpretations or viable solutions.Design/MethodA concept mapping activity was completed by 614 undergraduate engineering students at the start and end of three different courses to evaluate sociotechnical thinking. Student‐level longitudinal changes were evaluated using paired t tests and simple linear regression. The concept mapping activity was improved iteratively in response to pilot tests and focus groups.ResultsUndergraduate engineers demonstrated greater complexity in the representation of sociotechnical relationships as observed in the structure and content of the concept maps. The methodological results offer lessons about the administration and analysis of concept maps often excluded from conversations on course and curriculum level assessment.ConclusionsConcept maps offer insights into student learning outcomes, and they can be deployed and analyzed with minimal resources. However, assessments must be carefully designed to account for administrative and analytical challenges.
Expression and function analysis of crustacyanin gene family involved in resistance to heavy metal stress and body color formation in Exopalaemon carinicauda
Authors: Gao Huan , Ma Hangke , Sun Jinqiu , Xu Wanyuan , Gao Wei , Lai Xiaofang , Yan Binlun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCrustacyanin has the function of binding astaxanthin which is the best antioxidant, and plays an important role in the body color variation of crustaceans. To investigate the causes of body color variation of the ridgetail white prawn, Exopalaemon carinicauda, the present study obtained four subtypes of crustacyanin gene: C1, C2, A1, and A2. Based on fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, lipocalin‐C1 is mainly expressed in the eyestalk, lipocalin‐C2 is in the ventral nerve cord, and lipocalin‐A1 and lipocalin‐A2 are in subcutaneous adipose tissues. Under the inhibiting effect of Cd2+ stress, the expression of four subtypes first increases and then decreases within 24 h, and reaches the maximum at 6 or 12 h. RNA interference experiments showed a decrease in the expression of lipocalin genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue for each subtype, with the body color changing from transparent to red, and the dark red spots on the epidermis changing to bright red. Moreover, the blue protein in the subcutaneous adipose tissue largely disappeared, based on the light micrographs. In view of these findings, the crustacyanin gene appears to fulfill some function in the resistance to heavy metal stress and body color formation of E. carinicauda.