bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Climate Data and Information Needs of Indigenous Communities in the Arid Southwestern United States
Authors: Fillmore Helen , Singletary Loretta 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Indigenous communities are actively engaged in interdisciplinary climate adaptation initiatives across the United States making them experienced witnesses to community-based adaptation. This study offers the results of a regional survey of climate information and data needed to enhance the climate resiliency of water resources on reservation lands in the arid southwestern United States. Regional studies of this nature are particularly rare—and reasonably so—due to the place-based nature of Indigenous cultures and the diversity of community experiences. Study participants include tribal government employees, agriculturalists, researchers, and outreach professionals actively engaged in climate adaptation and resiliency efforts on reservation lands. Study respondents prioritize climate information and data that serve to assess local climate change impacts, enhance food security, and integrate the traditional knowledge of their communities into reservation-wide climate adaptation initiatives. In this arid and predominantly rural region, respondents prioritize water quality data as their highest need followed by streamflow data and air temperature data. They most frequently access their respective tribal sources of climate information and data. This research utilizes a participatory approach to identify needs unique to reservation lands in the southwestern United States while illuminating the critical role of Indigenous sovereignty in enhancing climate resiliency.
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) contributes to the anti-obesity effects and adipose tissue browning of alpha-lipoic acid in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Shen Hsin-Hsueh , Chung Ming-Ting , Huang Shieh-Yang , Kung Ching-Wen , Chen Shu-Ying , Chen Yi-Wen , Cheng Pao-Yun , Lee Yen-Mei 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundBilateral ovariectomy is an experimental model used to analyze the conditions of menopause and develop strategies for alleviation of the deleterious effects during estrogen deficiency. Brown and beige adipocytes exert thermogenesis capacities and are promising therapeutic strategy for obesity. This study aims to investigate the adipose tissue browning potentials of antioxidant α-lipoic acid (ALA) and underlying mechanisms involved in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats.Methods:Eight weeks old female Wistar rats were randomly divided into Sham or Ovx groups. The Ovx rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy and administered with ALA 200 or ALA 300 mg/kg/day (gavage) for 8 weeks. Results:Ovx group significantly increased boy weight (BW) and fat pad mass as compared to Sham group, while ALA supplementation reversed these changes. Lipid profiles including serum triglycerides (TG), total (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were significantly elevated in the Ovx group, whereas the ALA treatment showed a significant decrease in these levels. Furthermore, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and myokine irisin secretion were increased by ALA as well. Morphology results showed ALA treatment reduced Ovx-induced adipocyte hypertrophy and enhanced UCP1 expression by immunohistochemical staining in inguinal WAT. Protein expression of brown fat-specific markers UCP1, PRDM16 and CIDEA was markedly reduced in Ovx rats, whereas ALA treatment reversed these changes. ALA significantly increased liver kinase B1 (LKB1) and phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the downstream acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) that were decreased by Ovx, suggesting the browning effects were mediated by AMPK signaling. Conclusions:ALA ameliorates obesity caused by hormone deprivation in menopause via conversion of white to beige adipocytes concomitant with the activation of AMPK signaling.
Contrasting lightning projection using the lightning potential index adapted in a convection-permitting regional climate model
Authors: Brisson Erwan , Blahak Ulrich , Lucas-Picher Philippe , Purr Christopher , Ahrens Bodo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Lightning climate change projections show large uncertainties caused by limited empirical knowledge and strong assumptions inherent to coarse-grid climate modeling. This study addresses the latter issue by implementing and applying the lightning potential index parameterization (LPI) into a fine-grid convection-permitting regional climate model (CPM). This setup takes advantage of the explicit representation of deep convection in CPMs and allows for process-oriented LPI inputs such as vertical velocity within convective cells and coexistence of microphysical hydrometeor types, which are known to contribute to charge separation mechanisms. The LPI output is compared to output from a simpler flash rate parameterization, namely the CAPE x PREC parameterization, applied in a non-CPM on a coarser grid. The LPI's implementation into the regional climate model COSMO-CLM successfully reproduces the observed lightning climatology, including its latitudinal gradient, its daily and hourly probability distributions, and its diurnal and annual cycles. Besides, the simulated temperature dependence of lightning reflects the observed dependency. The LPI outperforms the CAPE x PREC parameterization in all applied diagnostics. Based on this satisfactory evaluation, we used the LPI to a climate change projection under the RCP8.5 scenario. For the domain under investigation centered over Germany, the LPI projects a decrease of 4.8% in flash rate by the end of the century, in opposition to a projected increase of 17.4% as projected using the CAPE x PREC parameterization. The future decrease of LPI occurs mostly during the summer afternoons and is related to (i) a change in convection occurrence and (ii) changes in the microphysical mixing. The two parameterizations differ because of different convection occurrences in the CPM and non-CPM and because of changes in the microphysical mixing, which is only represented in the LPI lightning parameterization.
Spexin is associated with Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Zhu Lu , Zheng Ping hang , Jiang jing yao , Zhang Qi , Lu Bin , Li Ming Yi , liu rui 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Spexin exerts multiple functions in the regulation of energy metabolism and glucose homeostasis. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of diabetes and almost one-third of patients with DPN suffer from neuropathic pain. Recent studies have shown that Spexin has antinociceptive effect. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between circulating Spexin level with the painful DPN. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including 20 patients with diabetes but without DPN (non-DPN) as the control group, 24 patients with painless DPN and 16 patients with painful DPN. A questionnaire and laboratory investigation were carried out to obtain information on demographic and clinical data. The existence and severity of DPN was assessed by electromyography (EMG) examination. Serum Spexin level was measured by ELISA. Results: The serum Spexin level of patients with painful DPN was significantly lower than that of non-DPN patients (p<0.001) and painless DPN patients (p=0.035). The binary logistic regression analysis showed that lower serum level of Spexin was independently associated with the presence of painful DPN after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, duration of diabetes, HbA1c, 2hPBG, hypertension and status of smoking or drinking. Compared to individuals with higher level of Spexin, the prevalence rate of painful DPN in those with lower level of Spexin was signiﬁcantly higher. Conclusion: Circulating Spexin level decreased in painful DPN, suggesting a possible role of this peptide in pain-related pathogenesis.
Psychological interventions for posttraumatic stress injuries among public safety personnel: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bahji Anees , Nota Paula M Di , Groll Dianne , Carleton R. Nicholas , Anderson Gregory S 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Public safety personnel (PSP) are exposed to potentially psychologically traumatic events (PPTE) far more often than the general public, which increases the risk for various posttraumatic stress injuries (PTSIs). There are many evidence-based psychological interventions for PTSI, but whether the interventions benefit PSP despite the repeated PPTE exposures remains unclear.Objectives The current study assessed the effectiveness and acceptability of psychological interventions of PTSI among PSP.Methods A systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis were performed on the effectiveness and acceptability of psychotherapies for PTSIs (i.e., symptoms of depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder) among PSP. The review adhered to the PRISMA reporting guidelines and used standardized mean differences (Cohen’s d) and rate ratios (RR) to measure pooled effect sizes across studies. Heterogeneity was quantified using I2, and publication bias was evaluated using Egger’s test.Results The analyses included data from eight randomized controlled trials representing 402 PSP (79.4% male, 35.3 years). Psychological interventions included narrative exposure therapy (n = 1), cognitive behavioural therapy (n = 2), eclectic psychotherapy (n = 2), eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing (n = 1), supportive counselling (n = 2), and group critical incident stress debriefing (n = 1). The interventions were associated with statistically significant reductions in symptoms associated with PTSD (d=-1.23), anxiety (d=-0.76), and depression (d=-1.10). There were smaller but statistically significant improvements at follow-up for symptoms of PTSD (d=-1.29), anxiety (d=-0.82), and depression (d=-0.46). There were no statistically significant differences in dropout rates (RR = 1.00), suggesting high acceptability across interventions.Conclusions There is preliminary evidence that psychotherapies help treat PTSIs in PSP; however, the shortage of high-quality studies with PSP indicates a need for additional research into treating PTSI among PSP.PROSPERO: CRD42019133534.
Striving for sufficient milk to have a healthy late preterm baby: a grounded theory study
Authors: Choijorhor Rungtawan , Kantaruksa Kannika , Chotibang Jutamas , Chaloumsuk Nonglak 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Late preterm infants are at risk for more health problems than full-term infants. They require good nutrition for growth, and breast milk contains valuable nutrients as the valuable golden standard for them. Currently, the population of late preterm infants is increasing as exclusive breastfeeding rates decrease. Hence, this study explored exclusive breastfeeding experiences among Thai first-time mothers of late preterm infants.
Methods
Participants were recruited from the family planning unit of a university hospital in Northern Thailand. A grounded theory study design was used, drawing upon an interview guideline with seventeen first-time mothers who exclusively breastfed their late preterm infants for the first six weeks of life.
Results
“Striving for sufficient milk to have a healthy baby” emerged as the core category. It was defined as a process in which mothers of late preterm infants had to exert great effort toward achieving sufficient milk for their infants. The following three phases supported the core category: preparing for breastfeeding, overcoming the problem of insufficient milk supply, and managing to continue breastfeeding.
Conclusion
Perceived insufficient milk supply in first-time mothers is a threat to achieving exclusive breastfeeding for their late preterm infants, but the will to have a healthy baby makes it happen. Nurse-midwives could apply the management process of exclusive breastfeeding as a guideline in providing support for these mothers throughout the chain of antenatal, intrapartum, and postpartum care.
Trial registration:
Permission to conduct the study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board Committee, Faculty of Nursing and the Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, # No. 2561-EXP065 and No. 2561–05865.
Treatment of Alectinib in NSCLC With Brain Metastasis Patient Refractory to Radiotherapy After Resistance to Crizotinib: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: ZHOU YUAN , Zeng Xianliang , Sun Songwei , Chen Xiuli , Huang Shuang , Zhang Chunzhi 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Brain metastasis is the common place of tumor recurrence after resistance to crizotinib. The therapeutic modes on brain metastasis of ALK-positive NSCLC require multidisciplinary approach, including target therapy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Until to nowadays, there isn`t optimal therapeutic recommendations for these patients. Radiotherapy is the vital treatment for brain metastasis.Case presentation: We reported one ALK-positive NSCLC patient with brain metastasis after crizotinib. ALK rearrangement wasn`t found in blood sample of the patient by NGS. According to NCCN guideline, we gave the patient whole brain radiotherapy. It was unexpected that the number of brain metastasis increased after whole brain radiotherapy. After that, the patient was empirically used alectinib after radiotherapy failure. It achieved unexpected success in our patient. Conclusions: We got some enlightenment form the patient. Firstly, liquid biopsy is complementary to tissue biopsy in NSCLC, mainly in EGFR mutation. However, ALK detection should use tissue biopsy as much as possible. Secondly, we suggest the brain metastasis patient of NSCLC use the second generation TKI, such as alectinib, ceritinib, after resistance to crizotinib whether ALKr is positive or negative in liquid biopsy. Lastly, we believe that combined radiotherapy with TKIs is an optimal mode in the BM patient of NSCLC after resistance to crizotinib.
Quantifying the impact of vaccine hesitancy in prolonging the need for Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions to control the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Mesa Daniela Olivera , Hogan Alexandra , Watson Oliver , Charles Giovanni , Hauck Katharina , Ghani Azra C , Winskill Peter 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy – a delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite availability – has the potential to threaten the successful roll-out of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines globally. Here, we evaluate the potential impact of vaccine hesitancy on the control of the pandemic and the relaxation of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) by combining an epidemiological model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission with data on vaccine hesitancy from population surveys. Our findings suggest that the mortality over a 2-year period could be up to 8 times higher in countries with high vaccine hesitancy compared to an ideal vaccination uptake if NPIs are relaxed. Alternatively, high vaccine hesitancy could prolong the need for NPIs to remain in place. Addressing vaccine hesitancy with behavioural interventions is therefore an important priority in the control of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Prediction of the Risk of Developing Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Health Screening Examinees: a Korean Cohort Study
Authors: An Chansik , Choi Jong Won , Lee Hyung Soon , Lim Hyunsun , Ryu Seok Jong , Chang Jung Hyun , Oh Hyun Cheol 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAlmost all Koreans are covered by mandatory national health insurance and are required to undergo health screening at least once every 2 years. We aimed to develop a machine learning model to predict the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on the screening results and insurance claim data.MethodsThe National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening database was used for this study (NHIS-2020-2-146). Our study cohort consisted of health screening examinees in 2004 or 2005 without cancer history, which was randomly split into training and test cohorts. Robust predictors were selected using Cox proportional hazard regression with 1,000 different bootstrapped datasets. Random forest and extreme gradient boosting algorithms were used to develop a prediction model for the 12-year risk of HCC development after screening. After optimizing a prediction model via cross validation in the training cohort, the model was validated in the test cohort.ResultsOf 331,694 examinees, 0.8% were diagnosed with HCC during the follow-up period (median, 11.2 years), respectively. Of the selected predictors, older age, male sex, abnormal liver function tests, the family history of chronic liver disease, and underlying chronic liver disease, chronic hepatitis virus or human immunodeficiency virus infection, and diabetes mellitus were associated with increased risk, whereas elevated total cholesterol and underlying dyslipidemia or schizophrenic/delusional disorders were associated with decreased risk of HCC development (p<0.001). In the test, our model showed good discrimination and calibration. The C-index, AUC, and Brier skill score were 0.868, 0.872, and 0.08, respectively. ConclusionsMachine learning-based model could be used to predict the risk of HCC development based on the health screening examination results and claim data.
Niche differentiation of microbes and their functional signatures in Assam type tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica)
Authors: Bora Sudipta Sankar , Dey Kuntal Kumar , Borah Madhusmita , Rahman Mominur , Gogoi Manuranjan , Modi Mahendra Kumar , Barooah Madhumita 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We employed an Illumina-based high throughput metagenomics sequencing approach to unveil the overall rhizospheric as well as endophytic microbial community associated with an organically grown Camellia population located at the Experimental Tea Garden, Assam Agricultural University, Assam (India). Quality control (i.e. adapter trimming and duplicate removal) followed by de novo assembly revealed the tea endophytic metagenome to contain 24,231 contigs (total 7,771,089 base pairs with an average length of 321 bps) while tea rhizospheric soil metagenome contained 261,965 sequences (total 230537174 base pairs, average length 846). The most prominent rhizobacteria belonged to the genus viz., Bacillus (10.34%), Candidatus Koribacter (8.0%), Candidatus Solibacter (6.35%), Burkholderia (5.18%), Acidobacterium (4.08%), Pseudomonas (3.9%), Streptomyces (3.52%), Bradyrhizobium (2.76%) and Enterobacter (2.56%); while the endosphere was dominated by bacterial genus viz., Serratia (42.3%), Methylobacterium (7.6%), Yersinia (5.4%), Burkholderia (2.2%) etc. The presence of few agronomically important bacterial genuses such as Bradyrhizobium (1.18%), Rhizobium (0.8%), Sinorhizobium (0.34%), Azorhizobium and Flavobacterium (0.17% each) were also detected in the endosphere. KEGG pathway mapping highlighted the presence of microbial metabolite pathway genes related to tyrosine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism and amino sugar metabolism which play important roles in endophytic activities including survival, growth promotion and host adaptation.
Bortezomib potentiates antitumor activity of Mitoxantrone through dampening Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in prostate cancel cells
Authors: Zhang Ying , Liu Qiuzi , Wei Wei , Zhang Guoan , Yan Siyuan , Dai Rongrong , Sun Ying , Su Dubo , Lv Shun , Xia Yong , Li Cing , Li Changlin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background Bortezomib (BZM), alone or in combination with other chemotherapies, has displayed strong anticancer effects in several cancers. The efficacy of the combination of BZM and mitoxantrone (MTX) in treating prostate cancer remains unknown.Methods Anticancer effects of combination of BZM and MTX were determined by apoptosis and proliferation assay in vivo and in vitro. Expression of β-catenin and its target genes were characterized by western blot and Real-time PCR.Results BZM significantly enhanced MTX-induced antiproliferation in vivo and in vitro. Mice administered a combination of BZM and MTX displayed attenuated tumor growth and prolonged survival. BZM significantly attenuated MTX-induced apoptosis. Moreover, the combination of BZM and MTX contributed to inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway compared to monotherapy.Conclusions This study demonstrates that BZM enhances MTX-induced anti-tumor effects by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in prostate cancer cells.
What Impact Have SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19 Pandemic on the Reproductive and Child Health Programme of Bihar in India over the 3 months after nationwide Lock down announcement in March 2020 -A brief analysis.
Authors: Kumar Piyush 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The delivery of reproductive and child health services is of utmost importance and prime concern in India particularly populous states like Bihar with limited resources, poor infrastructure and huge demand on healthcare system. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had presented a challenge even for developed healthcare systems around the world. Objectives: The main aim of this research is to find out Impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the Reproductive and Child Health Programme of Bihar in India over the 3 months after Lock down imposition countrywide in March 2020. Settings & Design: Different indicators group of RCH programme (immunisation, maternal & child health, family planning) for state of Bihar were collected and compared from previous year. Materials & Methodology: Secondary data from HMIS of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India for 2019 & 2020 were taken for analysing and understanding of impact of pandemic on RCH programme over 3 months after lock down viz. April/May/June 2020. The data obtained is analysed by using Microsoft Office software.Result: The analysis of secondary data obtained from HMIS of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare website for RCH programme of the state of Bihar shows that the lock down period & initial early phase of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have a negative impact over the delivery of health services as well as the indicators are also affected negatively. Besides the pandemic the state is also having lack of resources, manpower poor infrastructure as well as positive deviance at community level. These are the barriers in fact beside the epidemic. It seems that there is lack of proper plan to deal with such pandemic situation. Conclusion: The State of Bihar has enforced the epidemic disease act but it seems to be insufficient to give the desired results. The barriers of healthcare system and delivery of services should be rectified added with a proper dynamic plan to carry on usual health delivery services even in pandemics. The state of Bihar needs to develop an exclusive plan such as separate RCH cadre to tackle such situations.