bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is non‐completion of treatment related to security need?
Authors: Jeandarme Inge , Habets Petra , O’Reilly Ken , Kennedy Harry G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundTreatment completion difficulties are common in forensic mental health settings and may have a profound impact on recidivism rates.AimsTo test for associations between measures of risk and of security needs on the one hand and treatment non‐completion on the other among male offender‐patients in one medium security hospital.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective file study in a Flemish medium security hospital. A random sample of 25 treatment non‐completers was compared to a random same‐size sample of completers, each rated, blind to outcome, on the DUNDRUM‐1 security needs scale from data recorded at the time of admission to the unit. ‘Non‐completion’ was defined as any failure to complete treatment, whether staff‐terminated or self‐terminated; in Flanders, failure to comply with the judicial conditions of placement can result in re‐imprisonment. We used binary logistic regression to test relationships between treatment completion/non‐completion and security need, measured with the DUNDRUM‐1, together with a range of possible confounding variables.ResultsMost patients had psychosis and/or personality disorder and often substance use disorders also. Treatment non‐completion was invariably staff ordered because of security breaches. DUNDRUM‐1 and PCL‐R Facet 4 scores at the time of admission and HCR‐20 scores during admission were significantly higher among non‐completers than completers, but after binary logistic regression, only the DUNDRUM‐1 rating was independently associated with non‐completion.ConclusionsOur study showed that an admission DUNDRUM‐1 rating, indicating levels of security need, co‐varies only to a small extent with the historical items of the HCR‐20, so may be regarded as measuring complementary domains. While conditions in Flanders at the time of the study complicated it in that medium security hospital units offered the highest level of hospital security available, the finding that non‐completion of treatment was particularly likely when the DUNDRUM‐1 indicated a higher security need than facilities could provide may have implications for all secure hospital services.
Engineering of Battery Type Electrodes for High Performance Lithium Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Shaikh Navajsharif S. , Kanjanaboos Pongsakorn , Lokhande V. C. , Praserthdam Supareak , Lokhande Chandrakant D. , Shaikh Jasmin S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe researchers across the globe are working on improvement in energy density of supercapacitor without compromising its inherent supercapacitive properties.[1–4] The upgraded hybrid supercapacitor is derived from a battery type anode, a capacitive type cathode and organic electrolyte. However, the performance of hybrid supercapacitor is limited by the imbalance kinetics between the anode and cathode due to sluggish Faradic reaction of anode materials and less charge storage capacity of cathode materials. The design and development of lithium ion hybrid supercapacitor (LIC) can be possible by engineering anode, cathode and electrolyte materials. In this review, we focus on the evolution of anode materials for LICs fabrication. Different strategies to balance the kinetics between the cathode and the anode have already been reported, such as the engineering of novel materials and fabrication of different nanoarchitectures. LICs have been fabricated by tailoring different nanoarchitectures such as particles (0D), nanorods/nanowires/nanotubes (1D), thin sheets (2D) and hierarchical architectures (3D). The fabrication of nanostructured active materials with desired morphology (0D, 1D, 2D and 3D) and sizes with high aspect ratios facilitate fast lithium‐ion insertion and extraction. The anode materials are divided into three types (i) lithium insertion reaction mechanism (ii) conversion reaction mechanism (iii) and the alloying reaction mechanism. The lithium insertion reaction‐based materials have high stability whereas less capacity and energy density. In contrast to this, the conversion type electrodes have high energy density but low stability. Alloying type materials have ultra‐high energy density while very low stability and reversibility. Hence, for getting high performance LIC all above mentioned aspects are required to be considered.
Isolated diastolic hypertension and target organ damage: Findings from the STANISLAS cohort
Authors: Monzo Luca , Ferreira João Pedro , Lamiral Zohra , Bozec Erwan , Boivin Jean‐Marc , Huttin Olivier , Lopez‐Sublet Marilucy , Girerd Nicolas , Zannad Faiez , Rossignol Patrick 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundIsolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) is defined as diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥80 mmHg and systolic blood pressure (SBP) <130 mmHg according to 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines. The effective cardiovascular risk linked to IDH is debated.HypothesisIDH might contribute marginally to hypertension‐related target organ damage (TOD) development.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional analysis 1605 subjects from the STANISLAS cohort, a large familiar longitudinal study from Eastern France, were included. Participants were categorized according to average values at 24‐h ABP recording as having normal BP (SBP < 130/DBP < 80 mmHg); combined hypertension (SBP ≥130/DBP ≥80 mmHg or on antihypertensive treatment); IDH (SBP <130/DBP >80 mmHg); isolated systolic hypertension (ISH: SBP ≥130/DBP <80 mmHg). The association between hypertension status and TOD was assessed by multivariable‐adjusted logistic models.ResultsUsing normotension as reference, IDH was not significantly associated with NTproBNP levels (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.04 [95%CI 0.82;1.32], p = .750), microalbuminuria (OR 0.99 [0.69; 1.42], p = .960), diastolic dysfunction (OR 1.53 [0.88; 2.68], p = .130), left ventricular (LV) mass index (OR per 10 g/m2 increase 1.07 [0.95; 1.21], p = .250), LV longitudinal strain (global: OR 1.07 [0.99; 1.14], p = .054; subendocardial: OR 1.06 [0.99; 1.13], p = .087), carotid intima media thickness (OR 1.27 [0.79; 2.06], p = .320), reduced ankle‐brachial index (<0.9; OR 1.59 [0.19; 13.55], p = .670) and pulse wave velocity (PWV; OR 1.07 [0.93; 1.23], p = .360). In contrast, combined hypertension and ISH were independently associated with LV mass index and PWV increase (all p ≤ .01).ConclusionsIDH was not significantly associated with TOD. Further studies are needed to clarify the clinical role of IDH. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01391442.
Locus‐of‐care disparities in end‐of‐life care intensity among adolescents and young adults with cancer: A population‐based study using the IMPACT cohort
Authors: Coltin Hallie , Rapoport Adam , Baxter Nancy N. , Nagamuthu Chenthila , Nathan Paul C. , Pole Jason D. , Momoli Franco , Gupta Sumit 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundAdolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer may experience elevated rates of high‐intensity end‐of‐life (HI‐EOL) care. Locus‐of‐care (LOC) disparities (pediatric vs adult) in AYA end‐of‐life (EOL) care are unstudied.MethodsA decedent population‐based cohort of Ontario AYAs diagnosed between 1992 and 2012 at the ages of 15 to 21 years was linked to administrative data. The authors determined the prevalence and associations of a composite outcome of HI‐EOL care that included any of the following: intravenous chemotherapy within 14 days of death, more than 1 emergency department visit, more than 1 hospitalization, or an intensive care unit (ICU) admission within 30 days of death. Secondary outcomes included measures of the most invasive EOL care (ventilation within 14 days of death and ICU death) and in‐hospital death.ResultsThere were 483 decedents: 60.5% experienced HI‐EOL care, 20.3% were ventilated, and 22.8% died in the ICU. Compared with patients with solid tumors, patients with hematological malignancies had the greatest odds of HI‐EOL care (odds ratio [OR], 2.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5‐3.4), ventilation (OR, 4.7; 95% CI, 2.7‐8.3), and ICU death (OR, 4.4; 95% CI, 2.6‐4.4). Subjects treated in pediatric centers versus adult centers near death (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.2‐4.8) and those living in rural areas (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1‐3.9) were more likely to experience ICU death.ConclusionsAYAs with cancer experience high rates of HI‐EOL care, with patients in pediatric centers and those living in rural areas having the highest odds of ICU death. This study is the first to identify LOC‐based disparities in EOL care for AYAs, and it highlights the need to explore the mechanisms underlying these disparities.
Pre‐determination of power density and application time in laser applications using PSONN hybrid algorithm
Authors: Yücelbaş Cüneyt 
Published: September 2021

SummaryThis article aimed to automatically determine the power density and application time values of the coagulation state obtained as a result of this application according to the relevant texture properties. For this purpose, these target values of the laser system were estimated by using some properties obtained from the examined tissue. Particle swarm optimization based artificial neural networks hybrid algorithm was used for this pre‐determination process. As a result of the applications, test accuracy rates of mean squared error percentages were obtained as 99.88% and 98.47% for the power density and application time targets, respectively. Furthermore, the correlation coefficients between actual and predicted data for both targets were calculated as 0.99. According to the literature search, as a result of giving some laser measurements for coagulation state as input to the proposed system or the other artificial intelligence algorithms, any study has not been encountered in which the power density and application time of the laser system are detected automatically in advance. When the research is evaluated from this novel perspective, it is thought that it will contribute to the literature and present ideas with different innovations to other researchers.
A methyltransferase‐like 14/miR‐99a‐5p/tribble 2 positive feedback circuit promotes cancer stem cell persistence and radioresistance via histone deacetylase 2‐mediated epigenetic modulation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Zhenchuan , Wu Kaiqing , Gu Shaorui , Wang Wenli , Xie Shiliang , Lu Tiancheng , Li Lei , Dong Chenglai , Wang Xishi , Zhou Yongxin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a highly aggressive and treatment‐resistant tumor. The biological implications and molecular mechanism of cancer stem‐like cells (CSCs) in ESCC, which contribute to therapeutic resistance such as radioresistance, remain elusive.MethodsQuantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization assays were used to detect methyltransferase‐like 14 miR‐99a‐5p tribble 2 (METTL14/miR‐99a‐5p/TRIB2) expression in ESCC. The biological functions of METTL14/miR‐99a‐5p/TRIB2 were demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Mass spectrum analysis was used to identify the downstream proteins regulated by TRIB2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (IP), IP, N6‐methyladenosine (m6A)‐RNA IP, luciferase reporter, and ubiquitination assays were employed to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying this feedback circuit and its downstream pathways.ResultsWe found that miR‐99a‐5p was significantly decreased in ESCC. miR‐99a‐5p inhibited CSCs persistence and the radioresistance of ESCC cells, and miR‐99a‐5p downregulation predicted an unfavorable prognosis of ESCC patients. Mechanically, we unveiled a METTL14‐miR‐99a‐5p‐TRIB2 positive feedback loop that enhances CSC properties and radioresistance of ESCC cells. METTL14, an m6A RNA methyltransferase downregulated in ESCC, suppresses TRIB2 expression via miR‐99a‐5p‐mediated degradation of TRIB2 mRNA by targeting its 3′ untranslated region, whereas TRIB2 induces ubiquitin‐mediated proteasomal degradation of METTL14 in a COP1‐dependent manner. METTL14 upregulates miR‐99a‐5p by modulating m6A‐mediated, DiGeorge critical region 8‐dependent pri‐mir‐99a processing. Hyperactivation of TRIB2 resulting from this positive circuit was closely correlated with radioresistance and CSC characteristics. Furthermore, TRIB2 activates HDAC2 and subsequently induces p21 epigenetic repression through Akt/mTOR/S6K1 signaling pathway activation. Pharmacologic inhibition of HDAC2 effectively attenuates the TRIB2‐mediated effect both in vitro and in patient‐derived xenograft models.ConclusionOur data highlight the presence of the METTL14/miR‐99a‐5p/TRIB2 axis and show that it is positively associated with CSC characteristics and radioresistance of ESCC, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for ESCC treatment.
Investigation on arc characteristics in cup‐shaped contacts with different structure for transverse magnetic field vacuum circuit breaker
Authors: Wei Leming , Xiu Shixin , Jiang Yuzi , Yuan Bo , Qu Chenchen , Yang Jinwang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe cup‐shaped transverse magnetic field (TMF) contacts contain radial components and tangential components in the TMF generated when the current is interrupted. The tangential force generated by the radial magnetic field component drives the vacuum arc to rotate, and the tangential magnetic field component generates a radial force that causes the vacuum arc to move radially outward. In this paper, in order to study the influence of the arc force direction on the arc characteristics, the influence of the contact structure parameters such as the inclination of the inner wall on the arc force direction is simulated, and the breaking tests of different levels of current are carried out on the contact with different structure parameters. It is found that the direction of the Lorentz force has a significant effect on the breaking characteristics of the current, and the tangential and radial force components have varying degrees of influence on the motion characteristics of the arc during the start process and the metal droplet splashing.
ACKR1 favors transcellular over paracellular T‐cell diapedesis across the blood‐brain barrier in neuroinflammation in vitro
Authors: Marchetti Luca , Francisco David , Soldati Sasha , Haghayegh Jahromi Neda , Barcos Sara , Gruber Isabelle , Pareja Javier R. , Thiriot Aude , von Andrian Ulrich , Deutsch Urban , Lyck Ruth , Bruggmann Rémy , Engelhardt Britta 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe migration of CD4+ effector/memory T cells across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a critical step in MS or its animal model, EAE. T‐cell diapedesis across the BBB can occur paracellular, via the complex BBB tight junctions or transcellular via a pore through the brain endothelial cell body. Making use of primary mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (pMBMECs) as in vitro model of the BBB, we here directly compared the transcriptome profile of pMBMECs favoring transcellular or paracellular T‐cell diapedesis by RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq). We identified the atypical chemokine receptor 1 (Ackr1) as one of the main candidate genes upregulated in pMBMECs favoring transcellular T‐cell diapedesis. We confirmed upregulation of ACKR1 protein in pMBMECs promoting transcellular T‐cell diapedesis and in venular endothelial cells in the CNS during EAE. Lack of endothelial ACKR1 reduced transcellular T‐cell diapedesis across pMBMECs under physiological flow in vitro. Combining our previous observation that endothelial ACKR1 contributes to EAE pathogenesis by shuttling chemokines across the BBB, the present data support that ACKR1 mediated chemokine shuttling enhances transcellular T‐cell diapedesis across the BBB during autoimmune neuroinflammation.
Morphology of estuarine bedforms, Weser Estuary, Germany
Authors: Lefebvre Alice , Herrling Gerald , Becker Marius , Zorndt Anna , Krämer Knut , Winter Christian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLarge bedforms (dunes) are present in many shallow‐water environments. Knowledge of their dimensions and dynamics is required for river and coastal management. In tidal rivers and estuaries, the interaction among hydrodynamics (which results from the action of river and tidal flows), sediment transport and bedform shape and size is complex. In the present study, the distribution and morphology of bedforms in the Weser Estuary, Germany, were investigated. Bedforms were identified in bathymetric data of monthly multibeam echosounder surveys along the navigation channel during the years 2009 to 2013. Their size and shape were characterized. Bedforms were present along most of the channel, except at the position of the estuarine turbidity maximum and where dredging is carried out. Average bedform length varied between 20 and 60 m and bedform height between 0.3 and 1.6 m. Bedform asymmetry varied spatially and temporally along the estuary. In times of high river discharge, bedforms were generally more ebb‐asymmetric than in times of low discharge. The bedforms were predominantly two‐dimensional low‐angle dunes with their steepest slope situated near the bedform crest. A significant proportion of bedforms possessed a steep face (portion of the lee side steeper than 15°). This implies that they are likely to create flow separation and a turbulent wake, with a strong potential to induce high bedform roughness. However, important variations in steep face area density were noted, both spatially along the estuary and temporally as a function of the tidal phase (ebb or flood) and the seasonal variation in river discharge. The results have wide implications in terms of understanding and modelling hydrodynamics and sediment transport in estuaries.
Who initiates punishment, who joins punishment? Disentangling types of third‐party punishers by neural traits
Authors: Baumgartner Thomas , Hausfeld Jan , dos Santos Miguel , Knoch Daria 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe act of punishing unfair behavior by unaffected observers (i.e., third‐party punishment) is a crucial factor in the functioning of human societies. In everyday life, we see different types of individuals who punish. While some individuals initiate costly punishment against an unfair person independently of what other observers do (independent punishers), others condition their punishment engagement on the presence of another person who punishes (conditional punishers). Still others do not want to partake in any sort of punishment (nonpunishers). Although these distinct behavioral types have a divergent impact on human society, the sources of heterogeneity are poorly understood. We present novel laboratory evidence on the existence of these three types. We use anatomical brain characteristics in combination with stated motives to characterize these types. Findings revealed that independent punishers have larger gray matter volume in the right temporo‐parietal junction compared to conditional punishers and nonpunishers, an area involved in social cognition. Conditional punishers are characterized by larger gray matter volume in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, a brain area known to be involved in behavioral control and strategic reasoning, compared to independent punishers and nonpunishers. Finally, both independent punishers and nonpunishers are characterized by larger gray matter volume in an area involved in the processing of social and monetary rewards, that is, the bilateral caudate. By using a neural trait approach, we were able to differentiate these three types clearly based on their neural signatures, allowing us to shed light on the underlying psychological mechanisms.
Therapeutic approaches and outcomes in patients with larynx or hypopharynx high‐grade neuroendocrine carcinoma: A single‐center retrospective analysis
Authors: Sousa Luana Guimaraes , Lazar Neto Felippe , Torman Danice Karagiannis , Diaz Eduardo M. , Rosenthal David I. , Glisson Bonnie S. , Bell Diana , Ferrarotto Renata 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐grade neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx (HG‐NECL) is rare and aggressive with limited data regarding response to systemic therapy. We evaluated clinicopathological features, therapeutic approaches, and outcomes in patients with laryngeal or hypopharyngeal HG‐NECL.MethodsData were retrospectively collected through 1997–2020. Median disease‐free (mDFS), progression‐free (mPFS), and overall survival (mOS) were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsFifteen patients were identified; most had locoregional (N = 7) or metastatic disease (N = 5). The main curative‐intent treatment was chemoradiation concurrent with platinum‐based chemotherapy; the rate of complete response was 78%. Most patients (80%) developed recurrence; the mDFS was 13.1 months. For the first‐line palliative therapy, the ORR and mPFS were 50% and 3.1 months, respectively. For all patients, the mOS was 17.8 months, and 8.6 months for metastatic disease.ConclusionLaryngeal HG‐NEC is associated with high relapse rates and dismal prognosis for those with recurrent/metastatic disease. Novel therapeutic strategies are needed.
Plasma circular RNA hsa_circ_0001821 acts as a novel diagnostic biomarker for malignant tumors
Authors: Song Yulan , Cao Peng , Li Jipeng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) can function as key regulators of oncogenic processes. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of hsa_circ_0001821 in plasma of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and other malignant tumors and analyze its correlations with clinical features and diagnostic values.MethodsIn total, 467 plasma samples, including samples from 80 healthy controls, were collected between 2015 and 2019 from patients at the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University. Plasma levels of hsa_circ_0001821 were analyzed by qRT‐PCR. The diagnostic value was performed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsPlasma hsa_circ_0001821 was increased in CRC patients, and high hsa_circ_0001821 expression predicted advanced stage and unfavorable in overall survival. In addition, this study showed the upregulation of hsa_circ_0001821 in plasma of lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). ROC curve showed that the region under the loop for the diagnosis of CRC, HCC, and lung cancer was 0.815, 0.692, and 0.792.ConclusionPlasma hsa_circ_0001821 possibly is a novel biological marker for malignant tumors.