bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incorporation of calcium in glasses: A key to understand the vitrification of sewage sludge
Authors: Tarrago Mariona , Royo Irene , Martínez Salvador , Garcia‐Valles Maite , Neuville Daniel R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe quantity of sewage sludge generated daily by wastewater treatment plants represents a major environmental problem and a financial burden for plant operators. Valorization strategies focusing on reusing sewage sludge as a raw material are currently developed. Vitrification can help us reduce the volume of waste and binds the components in the structure of chemically stable glasses and glass‐ceramics. In this study, the vitrification of sewage sludge inside a basaltic rock has been simulated by producing glasses and a glass‐ceramic from basalt enriched in calcium that lie between the stability fields of pyroxene and melilite in the system CaO–MgO–SiO2–Al2O3. CaO addition causes the oxidation of the melt at above the liquidus, increases the crystallization temperature, decreases the melting temperature, and improves the microhardness of the glasses. Glass‐ceramic processes improves the properties of the Ca‐doped basalt glass. The microhardness of the glass (8.2 GPa) and the glass‐ceramic (8.6 GPa) and leaching tests (in the ppb range) place both the glass and the glass‐ceramics at the high end of the mechanical properties and chemical resistance of ceramic tiles for the building industry.
Growth and thermal inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in four kinds of traditionally non‐fermented soya bean products
Authors: Xie Tianhui , Yuan Xue , Wen Dingyuan , Shi Hui 
Published: March 2021

SummaryThis study evaluated growth and thermal inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7 inoculated in tofu, dougan, qianzhang and doupi which were stored at 4, 25 and 37 °C and heated at 55, 60, 65 and 70 °C. Growth of the two pathogens in four soya bean products increased with temperature or Aw of soya bean products increasing. At the same temperature, lag time (LT) values of L. monocytogenes (16.32–0.94 h) and E. coli O157:H7 (2.66–0.98 h) in tofu which has the highest Aw were the lowest. When inoculated soya bean products were stored at 4 °C, L. monocytogenes grew slowly, while E. coli O157:H7 did not grow but survived for 14 days. With temperature increasing, δ‐values of L. monocytogenes and E. coli O157:H7 in the four soya bean products were decreased. With Aw of soya bean products increasing, thermal resistance of L. monocytogenes decreased, while that of E. coli O157:H7 increased. This study could assist retail soya bean products processors and food industry to enhance safety of soya bean products and design thermal processing regimes.
The impact of a participatory intervention on the therapeutic relationship in mental health nurses: A multicentre study
Authors: Moreno‐Poyato Antonio R. , Rodríguez‐Nogueira Óscar , Casanova‐Garrigos Georgina , El Abidi Khadija , Roldán‐Merino Juan F. ,   MiRTCIME.CAT working group
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACTAimsTo evaluate the effects of an intervention aimed at improving the therapeutic relationship, using the participatory‐action research method, in terms of improving the quality of the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship.DesignA single‐group pre‐post research design.MethodsQuantitative data were collected between January 2018 and June 2019 using an online form completed by nurses from 18 mental health units (N = 95). Data were collected before and after the intervention, which consisted of the design, implementation and evaluation of strategies to improve the therapeutic relationship through participatory‐action research involving nurses. The Working Alliance Inventory‐Short, Interpersonal Reactivity Index, Evidence‐Based Practice Questionnaire and Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index were used. The Wilcoxon rank‐sum test was used together with the Spearman's correlation coefficient. Two multiple linear regressions models were constructed.ResultsOverall, the intervention improved the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship. In addition, the results revealed that, above all, the improvement in evidence‐based practice along with a decrease in nurses’ personal distress were the factors associated with the improvement of the nurse–patient therapeutic relationship.ConclusionIn mental health units, the therapeutic nurse–patient relationship can be improved through participatory interventions that include the implementation of evidence‐based practices.ImpactThis research examined the effects of an intervention aimed at improving the therapeutic relationship among nurses working at mental health units using participatory action research. The results show that the therapeutic relationship can be improved through participatory methods where evidence‐based practice is implemented and enhanced among nurses, since a better therapeutic relationship along with reduced staff discomfort are determining factors that influence the quality of the therapeutic relationship. Institutional managers should promote participatory group interventions to enable nurses to develop evidence‐based aspects of the therapeutic relationship together with expanding personal aspects and self‐knowledge.
Dietitian encounters after treatment for ovarian cancer
Authors: Johnston Elizabeth A. , Ibiebele Torukiri I. , van der Pols Jolieke C. , Webb Penelope M. ,   the OPAL Study Group
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundAfter ovarian cancer treatment, women report health issues that may be amenable to change with dietary support. The present study investigated how many women encounter a dietitian post‐treatment and the factors associated with dietitian service use.MethodsWe used data from a cohort of women with invasive epithelial ovarian cancer to identify socio‐economic, clinical and personal factors associated with dietitian encounter after treatment completion. Data were collected at regular intervals using validated questionnaires up to 4 years post‐treatment completion. Logistic regression (LR) and generalised linear mixed models (GLMM) were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess factors associated with dietitian encounter at any time‐point post‐treatment (LR), as well as in the 3 months prior to a follow‐up questionnaire (GLMM) to assess time‐varying factors.ResultsOf 819 women, 97 (12%) reported seeing a dietitian post‐treatment. Factors associated with dietitian encounter were being overweight (ORLR = 1.7, CI = 1.1–2.8), having poorer self‐rated health (ORLR = 2.5, CI = 1.2–5.2; ORGLMM = 2.3, CI = 1.2–4.4) or poorer diet quality (ORLR = 0.5, CI = 0.2–1.0) pre‐diagnosis, treatment within the public health system (ORGLMM = 1.8, CI = 1.2–2.7), previous support from dietetic (ORLR = 3.1, CI = 1.8–5.4; ORGLMM = 2.8, CI = 1.8–4.2) or other allied health services (ORLR = 2.0, CI = 1.2–3.2; ORGLMM = 3.7, CI = 2.4–5.5), and having progressive disease at follow‐up (ORGLMM = 2.2, CI = 1.4–3.3). Most women (86%) with ≥ 3 moderate‐to‐severe nutrition impact symptoms did not report a dietitian encounter post‐treatment.ConclusionsFew women encounter a dietitian post‐treatment for ovarian cancer, including those with multiple nutrition impact symptoms. Further work is needed to engage those likely to benefit from dietitian support but less likely to seek or receive it.
High Iron Requirements for Growth in the Nuisance Alga Gonyostomum semen (Raphidophyceae)
Authors: Münzner Karla , Gollnisch Raphael , Rengefors Karin , Koreiviene Judita , Lindström Eva S. 
Published: March 2021

The bloom‐forming freshwater alga Gonyostomum semen is associated with acidic, mesotrophic brown water lakes in boreal regions. However, researchers have been unable to conclusively link G. semen abundance and bloom formation to typical brown water lake traits, that is, high water color and DOC (dissolved organic carbon) concentrations. Iron is a main driver of water color in boreal lakes, and a recent study of lake monitoring data indicated a connection between lakes with high G. semen abundance and iron concentrations >200 µg · L−1. Thus, iron may be the missing link in explaining G. semen abundance and growth dynamics. We experimentally assessed the effects of different iron concentrations above or below 200 µg · L−1 on the growth of G. semen batch monocultures. Iron concentrations <200 µg · L−1 limited G. semen growth, while iron concentrations >200 µg · L−1 did not. Moreover, the iron concentration of the medium required for growth was higher than for other common phytoplankton (Microcystis botrys and Chlamydomonas sp.) included in the experiment. These results indicate that G. semen requires high levels of iron in the lake environment. Consequently, this and previous findings using lake monitoring data support the hypothesis that high concentrations of iron favor the formation of high‐density G. semen blooms in boreal brown water lakes. As lakes get browner in a changing climate, monitoring iron levels could be a potential tool to identify lakes at risk for G. semen blooms, especially among lakes that provide ecosystem services to society.
Optimising the use of gene expression data to predict plant metabolic pathway memberships
Authors: Wang Peipei , Moore Bethany M. , Uygun Sahra , Lehti‐Shiu Melissa D. , Barry Cornelius S. , Shiu Shin‐Han 
Published: March 2021

Summary

Plant metabolites from diverse pathways are important for plant survival, human nutrition and medicine. The pathway memberships of most plant enzyme genes are unknown. While co‐expression is useful for assigning genes to pathways, expression correlation may exist only under specific spatiotemporal and conditional contexts.

Utilising > 600 tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) expression data combinations, three strategies for predicting memberships in 85 pathways were explored.

Optimal predictions for different pathways require distinct data combinations indicative of pathway functions. Naive prediction (i.e. identifying pathways with the most similarly expressed genes) is error prone. In 52 pathways, unsupervised learning performed better than supervised approaches, possibly due to limited training data availability. Using gene‐to‐pathway expression similarities led to prediction models that outperformed those based simply on expression levels. Using 36 experimental validated genes, the pathway‐best model prediction accuracy is 58.3%, significantly better compared with that for predicting annotated genes without experimental evidence (37.0%) or random guess (1.2%), demonstrating the importance of data quality.

Our study highlights the need to extensively explore expression‐based features and prediction strategies to maximise the accuracy of metabolic pathway membership assignment. The prediction framework outlined here can be applied to other species and serves as a baseline model for future comparisons.
Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction Using Suture Tape for Patellofemoral Joint Instability
Authors: Xu Jun‐cai , Zhang Bo‐xuan , Jia Yan‐feng , Wang Xiao‐feng , Shen Ke , Ren Wei‐bin , Sun Ran 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveTo describe a surgical technique using suture tape for reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL). This technique restores the stability of the reconstructed ligament and has excellent postoperative outcomes.MethodThis is a retrospective analysis. From January 2016 to June 2018, 17 patients underwent MPFL reconstruction using high‐strength suture (FiberTape; Arthrex) augmentation, with at least 12 months of follow up. There were 11 female and 6 male patients. The mean age at the time of MPFL reconstruction was 22.1 years (range 13–34 years). Clinical outcomes included pain level, knee range of motion, passive patellar hypermobility, and maltracking at follow‐up. The lateral patellofemoral angles, congruence angles, and patellar tilt angles were measured in a skyline view by CT at 30° of knee flexion at 12 months. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Lysholm knee scoring scale, the SF‐12 score, the Tegner score, and the Crosby and Insall grading system at yearly follow‐up.ResultNo patients were lost at the last follow up. One patient had recurrence of patellar dislocation and none of the others had serious complications. The success rate of MPFL repair for preventing recurrent dislocations was 94.1% (16 of 17 knees). Fifteen knees had full range of motion of more than 130°. At follow‐up, 2 knees were judged to have mild hypermobility and none had severe hypermobility or maltracking. Using the Crosby and Insall grading system, 12 knees (70.6%) were graded as excellent, 4 knees (23.5%) as good, 1 knee (5.9%) as fair to poor, and none as worse at the last follow‐up assessment. In all patients, the Lysholm knee score (55.12 ± 13.52 vs 79.88 ± 7.50, P < 0.01), the SF‐12 score (47 ± 9.53 vs 65.24 ± 12.82, P < 0.01), and the Tegner score (2.76 ± 1.39 vs 6.53 ± 1.70, P < 0.01) had improved at their 12‐month follow up. Compared with preoperative radiological findings, there was a significant improvement in lateral patellofemoral angle (−10.24 ± 7.10 vs 6 ± 5.43, P < 0.01), patellar tilt angle (26.53 ± 7.23 vs 9.88 ± 4.24, P < 0.01), and congruence angle (29.59 ± 11.95 vs −8.65 ± 4.86, P < 0.01).ConclusionThe use of FiberTape in MPFL reconstruction can improve the stability of the knee following surgery and has good midterm clinical results and low complication rates.
Community engagement and linkage to care efforts by peer community‐health workers to increase PrEP uptake among sexual minority men
Authors: Farley Jason E. , Dangerfield Derek T. , LaRicci Jessica , Sacamano Paul , Heidari Omeid , Lowensen Kelly , Jennings Jacky M. , Tobin Karin E. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposePre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) prevents HIV yet uptake remains suboptimal across the United States. This paper evaluates the impact of outreach activities led by nurse supervised community healthcare workers (CHWs) on the PrEP care cascade.MethodsThis is an observational programmatic evaluation of LGBTQ + community outreach between March 1, 2016, to March 31, 2020, as part of a public health initiative. Descriptive statistics are used to characterize the data by outreach type.Results2,465 participants were reached. Overall, a PrEP appointment was scheduled for 94 (3.8%) with 70 (2.8%) confirmed to have completed a PrEP visit. Success for each type of community outreach activity was evaluated with virtual models outperforming face‐to‐face. Face‐to‐face outreach identified nine persons among 2,188 contacts (0.41%) completing an initial PrEP visit. The website prepmaryland.org identified 4 among 24 contacts (16.7%) and the PrEP telephone/text warm‐line identified 18 among 60 contacts (30%). The PrEPme smartphone application identified 39 among 168 contacts (23.2%).ConclusionsFace‐to‐face community outreach efforts reached a large number of participants, yet had a lower yield in follow‐up and confirmed PrEP visits. All virtual platforms reached lower total numbers, but had greater success in attendance at PrEP visits, suggesting enhanced linkage to care.
Childhood patterns of overweight and wheeze and subsequent risk of current asthma and obesity in adolescence
Authors: Aris Izzuddin M. , Sordillo Joanne E. , Rifas‐Shiman Sheryl L. , Young Jessica G. , Gold Diane R. , Camargo Carlos A. , Hivert Marie‐France , Oken Emily 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundObesity and asthma in childhood often co‐occur. Few studies have examined this relationship using repeated measures of body mass index (BMI) or asthma symptoms (such as wheeze).ObjectiveWe compared two analytic approaches for repeated measures data to investigate this relationship.MethodsOur baseline sample consisted of 1277 children enrolled in a Boston‐area cohort with BMI or wheeze at age 1 year and no missing covariates. We used latent class growth models (LCGM) and inverse probability weighting (IPW) of marginal structural models to examine the extent to which presence of overweight across childhood was associated with early adolescent current asthma, and conversely of repeated measures of wheeze across childhood with early adolescent obesity.ResultsUsing LCGM, a “persistent” childhood overweight class (vs “never”) was associated with higher risk of asthma in early adolescence (RR 1.9; 95% CI 1.1, 3.0), while “persistent” childhood wheeze (vs “never”) was associated with higher risk of obesity in early adolescence (RR 2.7; 95% CI 1.0, 6.4) after adjusting for baseline covariates. An IPW analysis treating childhood overweight and wheeze as time‐varying exposures and adjusting for baseline and time‐varying covariates resulted in weaker and less precise associations of “persistent” (vs “never”) overweight with adolescent asthma (RR 1.3; 95% CI 0.3, 3.0), and of “persistent” (vs “never”) wheeze with adolescent obesity (RR 2.3; 95% CI 0.4, 5.3).ConclusionOur point estimates from both approaches suggest an association between “persistent” childhood overweight and adolescent asthma, and between “persistent” childhood wheeze and adolescent obesity. LCGM results were stronger and more precise, whereas IPW results were less conclusive with wider 95% confidence intervals containing the null. The precision gained from LCGM may be at the expense of bias, and the use of both approaches helps to shed some light on this tradeoff.
Hematologic and clinical characteristics of dogs with circulating macrophage‐like cells
Authors: Mochizuki Hiroyuki , Stowe Devorah M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundMacrophage‐like (ML) cells are rarely observed on blood smear examinations, and the significance of these cells has been poorly described.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to retrospectively describe selected hematologic and clinical characteristics of dogs with ML cells in peripheral blood.Materials and MethodsComplete blood count (CBC) reports with blood smear evaluations from the clinical pathology laboratory records at North Carolina University College of Veterinary Medicine were retrospectively reviewed. Data were collected over a 10‐year‐period. Dogs were defined as having circulating ML cells if three or more ML cells were present on a single blood smear. Hematologic and clinical data of dogs with circulating ML cells were compared with age‐matched hospital‐derived control dogs.ResultsOf 61,631 CBC records, 87 reports (0.14%) described the presence of ML cells. Thirty‐nine dogs met the inclusion criteria. The hemogram of dogs with circulating ML cells was characterized by a pronounced inflammatory and stress leukogram, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. Of the 39 dogs, 19 (49%) had systemic or severe localized inflammatory/necrotic diseases. Eighteen (46%) dogs were diagnosed with neoplasia of histiocytic (5) and non‐histiocytic origins (13). Dogs with circulating ML cells had a shorter median survival time (34 days) than the control dogs (595 days, P < .0001), with an increased occurrence of death/euthanasia within 1 month (3.89‐fold). However, the presence of circulating ML cells was not found to be an independent prognostic factor in a multivariable model.ConclusionsThe hemograms and diagnoses of dogs with ML cells suggest that severe inflammatory conditions or histiocytic and non‐histiocytic neoplasia are common causes for circulating ML cells.
An in vitro study of canine cryopoor plasma to correct vitamin K–dependent coagulopathy in dogs
Authors: Cheung Hilvy , Jandrey Karl E. , Burges Julie , Brooks Marjory , Kent Michael S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) with cryopoor plasma (CPP) to treat vitamin K–dependent factor deficiency in a canine in vitro setting.DesignIn vitro laboratory study.SettingUniversity veterinary medical teaching hospital.AnimalsSeven units of FFP and 6 units of CPP from unique canine donors from the university veterinary blood bank.InterventionsCanine FFP was adsorbed by oral barium sulfate suspension to mimic vitamin K–dependent coagulopathy. A sequential mixing study was completed by adding FPP or CPP to the adsorbed plasma. Measurements of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen, and factor activities of factors II, VII, and IX (FII, FVII, and FIX) were compared between the 2 treatment groups.Measurements and main resultsWhen comparing the sequential addition of CPP or FPP to adsorbed plasma, the following had no statistical significance: PT (P = 0.94), aPTT (P = 0.66), FII (P = 0.05), and FIX (P = 0.90). There was a dose‐dependent decrease with PT and aPTT and a dose‐dependent increase with FII and FIX. In contrast, after the addition of either CPP or FFP, there was a significant difference between the treatment groups for the concentration of fibrinogen (P = 0.005) and activity of FVII (P = 0.044), with FFP resulting in a greater concentration of fibrinogen and CPP resulting in a greater concentration of FVII. Measurements of factor X (FX) were initially included in the study but were later excluded because FX appeared to be continually adsorbed even after the addition of CPP or FFP.ConclusionsCPP partially corrected the coagulation times and concentration of vitamin K–dependent coagulation factors to the same degree as FFP. CPP, generally less expensive than FFP, may provide an alternative treatment option for vitamin K–dependent coagulopathies, although in vivo testing is needed.
Synthesis of Flow and Thermal Transport in Porous Media as Applied to Biological Applications
Authors: Kosari Erfan , Vafai Kambiz 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The biological systems are tied to the molecular transport across the living tissues which in turn highly depend on kinetic and thermal energy exchanges. For various applications ranging from artery modeling to very sensitive tissue modeling such as the brain, porous media modeling accurately predicts biological behavior. This article elaborately addresses the fundamentals of porous media and provides a comprehensive synthesis of the theory development from the primary methods available in the literature to the modern mathematical formulations. Specifically, this paper concentrates on two remarkable biological applications including (1) blood flow interactions with the porous tissue and (2) hydrodynamic impacts of particle-particle interactions in the microscale modeling that requires a Lagrangian frame.