bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resource Use, Availability and Cost in the Provision of Critical Care in Tanzania: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kazibwe Joseph , Shah Hiral A. , Kuwawenaruwa August , Schell Carl Otto , Khalid Karima , Tran Phuong Bich , Ghosh Srobana , Baker Tim , Guinness Lorna 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
IntroductionCritical care is essential in saving lives of critically ill patients, however, provision of critical care across lower resource settings can be costly, fragmented and heterogenous. Despite the urgent need to scale-up the provision of critical care, little is known about its availability and cost. Here, we aim to systematically review and identify reported resource use, availability and costs for the provision of critical care and the nature of critical care provision in Tanzania. Methods The systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines; PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020221923. We searched Medline, Embase and global health databases. We included studies that reported on provision of critical care, cost and availability of resources used in the provision of critical care published after 2010. Costs were adjusted and reported in 2019 USD and TZS using the world bank GDP deflators. ResultsA total 31 studies were found to fulfil the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Critical care identified in Tanzania was categorised into: ICU delivered critical care and non-ICU critical care. The availability of ICU delivered critical care was limited to urban settings whereas non-ICU critical care was found in rural and urban settings. 15 studies reported on the costs of services related to critical care yet no study reported an average or unit cost of critical care. Costs of medication, equipment (e.g. oxygen, PPE), services, and human resources were identified as inputs to specific critical care services in Tanzania. ConclusionThere is limited evidence on the resource use, availability and costs of critical care in Tanzania. There is a strong need for further empirical research on critical care resources availability, utilization and costs across specialties and hospitals of different level in LMICs like Tanzania to inform planning, priority setting and budgeting for critical care services.
The Role of Decision Impact Studies in Genomic Medicine in Cancer Care: A Scoping Review and Bibliometric Analysis Protocol
Authors: Parker Gillian , Miller Fiona A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundDecision impact studies have become increasingly prevalent in oncology in recent years, particularly in breast cancer prognostic research. Such studies, which aim to evaluate the impact of a test on clinical decision-making, appear to be a new form of knowledge with the potential to impact clinical practice and regulatory decision-making in genomic medicine. Yet their origins, intended purpose and usage have not yet been explored. The objectives of this review are to identify and characterize decision impact studies in genomic medicine in cancer care. This review is comprised of two parts. First, we will conduct a scoping review to catalogue the characteristics of decision impact studies. The scoping review will be followed by a bibliometric analysis to understand the role of actors and institutions in the production and dissemination of this new knowledge, by identifying influential articles, authors, global research trends and collaboration networks. MethodsWe will conduct a scoping review and a bibliometric analysis of the scoping review results. The search will include four databases, Medline, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science, using a comprehensive search strategy developed through a preliminary review of the literature. Arksey & O’Malley’s scoping review methodology, with updates by Levac et al. will be used, and the review will be reported following the PRISMA-ScR checklist. The FT Model will be used to collect and analyze data on clinical utility of decision impact studies. Our bibliometric analysis, using Bibliometrix software, will elucidate the evolution of these studies and provide data on the trends, influences and networks emerging in the field.DiscussionThis review will be a first step in understanding the evolution and uses of these studies and their potential influence on the integration of emerging genomic technologies into clinical practice. By exploring their origin and evolution across space and time, this study will equip future research to investigate the role of these studies in decision-making for regulatory processes, including market access and public and private coverage decision-making. Systematic review registration: Open Science Framework osf.io/hm3jr
Clinical Features And Risk Factors For Infection In Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Xie Yan , Lin Yiping 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: To explore the infection characteristics of patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA) and related risk factors for infection. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 648 hospitalized patients with RA, including related risk factors that may cause infection and infection sites, pathogens, and drug resistance. Chi-square test 、Mann-Whitney U test and binary Logistic-regression analysis were used to identify risk factors.Results: 648 patients with RA were 182 cases of infection, the infection rate 28.09%. Common infection were pneumonia(19.60%), urinary tract infection(5.25%), upper respiratory tract infection(5.09%). Gram-negative bacteria ranked first in the pathogen composition (67.57%), the main pathogenic bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus was the main pathogenic bacteria among the Gram-positive bacteria . In addition, there were 7 strains of fungi, 3 strains each of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and herpes virus. The proportion of resistant strains was relatively high, and the gram-negative bacteria had a relatively high sensitivity to penicillins/cephalosporins+β-lactamase inhibitors, aminoglycosides, and carbopenems. The risk scores included higher age (P=0.020), long disesses duration (P=0.004), smoking (P=0.016), hypoproteinemia (P=0.010), use of corticosteroids (P<0.01).Use of nonbiologic DMARDs was negatively with infection(P= 0.006).Conclusions: Our results indicate that the common infection sites in patients with RA are the respiratory and urinary tract. Gram-negative bacteria are common pathogens. RA patients with higher age, long diseases duration, smoking, hypoproteinemia, and long-term use of corticosteroids are prone to infection. Nonbiologic DMARDs is significantly associated with a decreased risk for infection. The proportion of drug-resistant patients with RA co-infection is relatively high.
Microvascular Decompression for Patient With Coexistent of Trigeminal Neuralgia, Hemifacial Spasm and Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia- a Case Report
Authors: Sun Tao , Wang Wentao , He Longshuang , Su Yu , Li Ning , Liu Jinlong , Yang Chao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Primary trigeminal neuralgia (TN), hemifacial spasm (HFS) and glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GN) are common diseases of nervous system, with similar pathogenesis and treatment strategies. Coexistent of such disease, especially coexistent of TN-HFS-GN simultaneously, is very rare. To date, only nine cases have been reported.Case Presentation: A 70-year-old male with a history of hypertension and diabetes complained of severe involuntary contraction for about 10 years, knife-like and lighting-like pain, which was restricted to the distribution of the second and third branches of trigeminal nerve and pharynx and root of tongue, for about 2 years. Coexistent of TN HFS and GN was diagnosed and MVD was carried out. After MVD, the patient completely free from symptoms and no recurrence and hypoesthesia were recorded in 18 months follow up.Conclusion: Here we report the tenth and oldest male patient with coexistent of TN-HFS-GN. Despite limited reports, MVD is the preferred choice for such diseases which can free patients from spasm and neuralgia.
DPP4 rs16822665 and rs2268694 had Protective Effect on Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head
Authors: Liu Chang , Liu Xuan , Li Xiaolin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: It is reported that DPP4 is associated with bone metabolism, osteoporosis and other orthopedic diseases, but the correlation between DPP4 and osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is not clear. It was the purpose of this study that was to explore the relationship between DPP4 gene and ONFH.Methods: We genotyped four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from DPP4 gene using the Agena MassARRAY platform. The association between DPP4 variants and ONFH susceptibility was assessed using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) via logistic regression. Results: The results showed that the allele C of rs16822665 was related to a lower risk of ONFH (OR = 0.76, 95%CI = 0.63-0.92, p = 0.006). In the case of stratified analysis, we found that rs16822665 could reduce the incidence of ONFH risk in four genetic models (dominant, codominant, log-additive, and recessive models) in drinkers and people age ≤51 years (p < 0.05). In gender stratification analysis, both rs2268694 and rs16822665 were contributed to bring down the risk of disease, which were mainly reflected in the codominant, dominant and log-additive models in female (p < 0.05). The subgroup analysis was conducted based on smokers revealing that rs2268894 was vitally correlated with a decreased risk of ONFH in the codominant (C vs. T: OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.34-0.76, p = 0.001), dominant (TC-CC vs. TT: OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.36-0.77, p = 0.001), and log-additive (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.48-0.88, p = 0.006) models, while it was not found in the non-smokers.Conclusions: This finding provide evidence that DPP4 variants play a key role in the occurrence of ONFH among the Chinese Han population.
Suggestions for Escaping The Dark Ages for Pediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma Treated with Radiotherapy: Analysis of Prognostic Factors From The National Multicenter Study
Authors: Kim Hyun Ju , Lee Joo Ho , Kim Youngkyong , Lim Do Hoon , Park Shin-Hyung , Ahn Seung Do , Kim In Ah , Im Jung Ho , Chung Jae Wook , Kim Joo-Young , Kim Il Han , Suh Chang-Ok , Yoon Hong In 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
This multicenter retrospective study aimed to investigate prognostic factors for survival, encompassing clinical and radiologic features and treatments, in newly diagnosed diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) patients treated with radiotherapy.
Methods
Patients <30 years of age who underwent radiotherapy as an initial treatment for DIPG between 2000 and 2018 were included; patients who did not undergo an MRI at diagnosis and those with pathologically diagnosed grade I glioma were excluded. We examined medical records of 162 patients collected from 10 participating centers in Korea. The patients’ clinical and radiological variables, molecular and histopathologic data, and treatment response were evaluated to identify the prognosticators for DIPG and estimate survival outcomes.
Results
The median follow-up period was 10.8 months (interquartile range, 7.5–18.1). The 1- and 2-year overall survival (OS) rates were 53.5% and 19.0%, respectively, with a median OS of 13.1 months. Long term survival rate (≥2 years) was 16.7%, and median OS was 43.6 months. Age (<10 years), poor performance status, treatment before 2010, and post-radiotherapy necrosis were independent prognostic factors related to poor OS in the multivariate analysis. In patients with increased post-radiotherapy necrosis, the median OS was 13.3 months for bevacizumab group and 11.4 months for no-bevacizumab group (P = 0.138).
Conclusion
Therapeutic strategy for DIPG has remained unchanged over time, and its prognosis remains poor. Our findings suggest that appropriate efforts are needed to reduce the occurrence of post-radiotherapy necrosis. Further well-designed clinical trials are recommended to improve the poor prognosis observed in DIPG patients.
Development and Validation of Prognostic Nomograms Predicting Recurrence and Survival in Patients with Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Following Curative Liver Resection
Authors: Chen Xinxin , Qiu Wenxia , Xie Xuekun , Chen Zefeng , Han Zhiwei , Long Peiyun , Chen Chuang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: This work was designed to establish and verify our nomograms integrating clinicopathological characteristics with hematological biomarkers to predict both disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients following hepatectomy.Methods: We scrutinized the data retrospectively from 414 patients with a clinicopathological diagnosis of solitary HCC from Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital (Nanning, China) between January 2004 and December 2012. Following the random separation of the samples in a 7:3 ratio into the training set and validation set, the former set was assessed by Cox regression analysis to develop two nomograms to predict the 1-year and 3-year DFS and OS (3-years and 5-years). This was followed by discrimination and calibration estimation employing Harrell’s C-index (C-index) and calibration curves, while the internal validation was also assessed.Results: In the training cohort, the tumor diameter, tumor capsule, macrovascular invasion, and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were included in the DFS nomogram. Age, tumor diameter, tumor capsule, macrovascular invasion, microvascular invasion, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were included in the OS nomogram. The C-index was 0.691 (95% CI: 0.644-0.738) for the DFS-nomogram and 0.713 (95% CI: 0.670-0.756) for the OS-nomogram. The survival probability calibration curves displayed a fine agreement between the predicted and observed ranges in both data sets. Conclusion: Our nomograms combined clinicopathological features with hematological biomarkers to emerge effective in predicting the DFS and OS in solitary HCC patients following curative liver resection. Therefore, the potential utility of our nomograms for guiding individualized treatment clinically and monitor the recurrence monitoring in these patients.
Lipid Productivity and Biosynthesis Genes Response of Indigenous Chlorella sp. T4 Strain under Different Nitrogen and Phosphorus Load
Authors: Gumbi S’fiso Thuthukani , Kumar Ajit , Olaniran Ademola Olufolahan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Microalgae can synthesize and accumulate high neutral lipids upon exposure to abiotic stress such as nutrient starvation or limitation. In this study, indigenous microalgae Chlorella sp. T4 was cultivated in nitrogen and phosphorus under both limiting and replete conditions. Growth, lipid yield, fatty acid profiles and biosynthetic gene expression levels were determined to ascertain cell’s response under these conditions. An impaired cell growth was observed under nitrogen limiting condition, evident by the lowest biomass yield (0.58±0.03 g L−1) as revealed by low quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) value and chlorophyll a content. An increase in lipid content yield was observed under nitrogen and phosphorus limiting conditions as compared to the control. Nutrient limiting conditions produced fatty acid methyl ester that is suitable for biodiesel production compared to the control (BG-11). Gene expression analysis using real time q-PCR for photosynthesis (rbcL) and lipid biosynthesis (accD, KAS-1, ω-6 FAD, ω-3 FAD) genes revealed different expression levels under both limiting and replete conditions. Under nutrient limiting conditions, increase in the expression of accD, KAS-1, ω-6 FAD and ω-3 FAD genes was observed, whereas a decrease in rbcL gene expression level was noted. A significant correlation could be drawn between the expression levels of the biosynthetic genes and growth rate, biomass yield, physiological response, lipid yield and fatty acid composition. These results provide an insight into the physiological response and gene expression level under different nutrient levels, which could be harnessed for future genetic engineering of Chlorella sp. T4 for improved lipid production.
Peri-prosthetic Bone Remodeling of Hydroxyapatite-coated Compaction Short Stem was Not Affected by Stem Alignment
Authors: Hayashi Shinya , Kuroda Yuichi , Nakano Naoki , Matsumoto Tomoyuki , Kamenaga Tomoyuki , Maeda Toshihisa , Niikura Takahiro , Kuroda Ryosuke 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: We aimed to investigate the relationship between stem insertion alignment and postoperative bone mineral density (BMD) changes in patients with full hydroxyapatite-coated (HA) compaction short stem and short tapered-wedge stem. Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled 115 consecutive patients (115 joints) undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) using the full HA compaction short (n=59) and short tapered-wedge (n=56) stems. Stem alignment including anteversion, valgus, and anterior tilt were measured by 3D-template using computed tomography (CT) data. Post-operative peri-prosthetic BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The relationship between stem alignment and BMD changes in the stems were analyzed.Results: Both groups showed similar patterns of peri-prosthetic BMD changes. Stem insertion alignments of anteversion, valgus, and anterior tilt were different between the two types of stems. Stem alignment of valgus and anterior tilt did not affect peri-prosthetic BMD in either type of stem. An absolute anteversion difference between stem anteversion and original canal anteversion caused significant peri-prosthetic BMD loss in Gruen zones 1 and 7 in the tapered-wedge stem. However, stem alignment of absolute anteversion difference did not affect BMD changes in the HA compaction stem.Conclusion: Peri-prosthetic bone remodeling remained unaffected by stem alignment after THA with the new short full HA compaction stem.
The Cole Relaxation Frequency as a Parameter to Identify Cancer in Lung Tissue: Preliminary Animal and ex vivo Patient Studies
Authors: Bogdanowicz Les , Fidaner Onur , Ceres Donato , Grycuk Alex , Demos Davis 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Lung cancer is the world’s leading cause of cancer deaths, and diagnosis remains challenging. Lung cancer starts as small nodules; early and accurate diagnosis allows timely surgical resection of malignant nodules while avoiding unnecessary surgery in patients with benign nodules. The Cole Relaxation Frequency (CRF) is a derived electrical bioimpedance signature, which may be utilized to distinguish cancerous tissues from normal tissues. Here we show that CRF allows for diagnosis of cancer in human subjects, based on evaluation of 60 specimens obtained from 30 patients. We observed clear discrimination of CRF values in tumor and distant normal tissues, resulting in a high degree of sensitivity (97%) and specificity (87%) in cancer diagnosis. Furthermore, we tested 20 xenograft small animal model specimens, observing a similar separation of CRF values as in the human in-vivo measurements. We also obtained CRF measurements in pressurized and unpressurized lungs by implanting tumors into ex-vivo porcine lungs. CRF measurements align with previous tests in human and small animal models.
Multi-motor Drive Control Method of Upper-Retort-Robot Based on Machine Vision
Authors: Xiao Jie , Kang Wanjie , He Guofeng , Li Xiangchen , Yan Genglong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A research on the multi-motor drive control method of the upper-retort-robot based on machine vision is proposed in this paper for wine brewing automation to suffice the demand of military areas situated in cold regions as wine is recommended to keep the body temperature of soldiers normal in highly cold regions of China. Based on machine vision, the target is converted into an image signal by an image pickup device and is sent to the image processing system. The pixel distribution, brightness, color and other information are converted into digital signals and the target features are extracted to control the actions of the field equipment. The Monte-Carlo method is exploited to randomly generate joint variables within the variation range of each joint. The positive aspects of kinematics model are utilized and the working space of the upper-retort-robot is calculated using multi-motor drive control method. The multi-motor drive compensates the harmonic ripple torque, and establishes the fault-tolerant automatic control of the system to maintain quality of the liquor. The experimental results show that the robot arm can reach at any position in the barrel within the defined range. The robot will work in an automated mode to control the quality of the liquor. The transmission performance of the robot can meet the requirements of the automated quality control of the liquor during processing of wine from grapes. The results are obtained for robot transmission performance and robot dexterity which proves the robustness and viability of the proposed multi-motor drive control method (MMDCM).
Enhancing Microalgae Cultivation using Biowastes as Growth Media for High Added-Value Co-Products Generation
Authors: Amouri Mohammed , Kaidi Fayrouz , Ounnar Amel , Aziza Majda 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper aims to study a new growth media using cheese whey and drainage water from agriculture for indigenous microalgae cultivation for value-added product generation. In this context, four combinations are studied beside the BG11 as reference, where BG11/Cheese whey (60/40, %v/v), drainage water 100%, drainage water/Cheese whey (60/40, % v/v), and Cheese whey 100 % have been used. Moreover, investigated parameters are biomass dry weight, pH variation, total chlorophyll and carotenoid content. Results showed that used growth media have a significant impact on microaglae culture, particularly in terms of cells growth, pigment content and pH variation. Moreover, the mixture BG11/Cheese whey (60/40, %v/v) shows the best impact for total chlorophylls and carotenoids content. Likewise, the mixture cheese whey/drainage water (60/40, %v/v) presents a positive effect on pigments content. The use of cheese whey and drainage water lead to enhance the biomass and pigment production. This study showed that using agro-industrial C-rich wastes and drainage water enhanced microalgae biomass and pigment content, thus contributing to pollution abatement. This will contribute to both reducing the cost of production and resources recycling.