bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La judiciarisation des patients psychiatriques : éléments de réflexion et applications pratiques
Authors: Bureau N. , Roy R. , Gendron P. , Millaud F. 
Published: May 2021

Parmi les solutions possibles en réponse aux gestes violents commis par des patients psychiatriques, la judiciarisation demeure une alternative souvent méconnue mais qui peut pourtant s’avérer bénéfique et efficace.
Comment choisir, de façon éclairée, la judiciarisation face à la violence de certains patients ? Lorsque cette voie est choisie, comment s’applique-t-elle et quelles sont les démarches à suivre ?
Pour répondre à ces questions, il nous est apparu essentiel d’engager d’abord une réflexion plus globale sur l’utilisation de la sanction en psychiatrie. Nous évoquerons ensuite les avantages et inconvénients du processus de judiciarisation et, finalement nous illustrerons les modalités d’application de la judiciarisation et telles qu’elles ont été conçues et réfléchies à la clinique de dangerosité de l’Institut Philippe Pinel de Montréal.
Passages
Authors: Pedroletti J. , Cossy Y. 
Published: May 2021

Confrontée à la nécessité clinique de quitter ses seuls référents contentifs (attachements, isolement, fermeture des divisions hospitalières) et de mettre en oeuvre d’autres paradigmes, l’équipe soignante de la section « E. Minkowski » du département universitaire de psychiatrie adulte de Lausanne (Suisse) a élaboré un outil de négociation pour des patients psychiquement décompensés afin de favoriser une contractualisation du soin. C’est ce travail et l’évaluation afférente que l’équipe infirmière présente dans cet article.
Stemple Pass (2012) et le projet Two Cabins : l’architecture de la solitude selon James Benning
Authors: Volbeda Edo 
Published: May 2021

Le projet Two Cabins de James Benning gravite autour de la reproduction de deux cabanes dans l’espace de son jardin. La première est celle d’Henry David Thoreau, auteur transcendantaliste de Walden ou La vie dans les bois (1854). La seconde est celle de Theodore Kaczynski, aussi surnommé « Unabomber », écoterroriste états-unien et auteur d’un manifeste antitechnologique. Cet article se penche en particulier sur le film Stemple Pass (Benning, 2012), qui confronte les écrits de Kaczynski à la reproduction de son habitat.
Evaluation of the Gallbladder Wall Thickening as a Non-invasive Predictor of Esophageal Varices in Cirrhotic Patients
Authors: Shehata Nora M. , AbdelAziz Alsiagy A. , El-Megid Medhat Abd , Hafez Yasser M. 
Published: May 2021

Background: Liver cirrhosis represent the end stage of fibrosis that destroy normal liver parenchyma and leads to serious complication as portal hypertension which result in esophageal varices (EV), EV bleeding leads to high mortality, so repeated upper endoscopy needed to control bleeding which is invasive procedure and of high risk of hazards as infection.
Our Study Aimed: to evaluate the Gallbladder Wall Thickening (GBWT) as a non-invasive predictor of Esophageal Varices (EV) in cirrhotic patients.
Methods: In this cross sectional study, we tested 120 cirrhotic patients at gastroenterology and hepatology unit, internal medicine department, Tanta university hospitals. They were divided into 60 cirrhotic patients with EV and 60 cirrhotic patients without EV. All patients were subjected to history taking, physical examination, investigation (complete blood count, liver function tests, viral markers) ultrasound detecting (gall bladder wall thickness, portal vein diameter, portal vein flow velocity, portal cross sectional area and gall bladder fasting volume) upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to detect presence or absence of varices.
Results: Significant correlation was observed between gall bladder wall thickness (GBWT) and portal hypertension, GBWT ranged from 2.5 to 7 mm in group 2 (cirrhotic patients with EV) and from 1.5 to 5 in group 1( cirrhotic patients without EV).
There is significant difference between group 1 and group 2 as regard GBWT with (P value < 0.05), portal vein diameter (PVD) with (P value <0.05) and platelets counts with (P value <0.05).
Conclusions: We recommend thatgall bladder wall thickness can be used as a non-invasive predictor of esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients.
Neurophysiological Study of Alzheimer’s Disease and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients. Is there a Common Link?
Authors: Papaliagkas Vasileios , Gkioka Mara , Mousiolis Athanasios , Chatzidimitriou Maria , Skepastianos Petros , Tsolaki Magda , Kazakos Kyriakos 
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Recent studies have shown that insulin resistance and deficiency, a marker of Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM), interact with beta amyloid and tau protein phosphorylation, which are the basic neuropathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Based on these results, it was recently proposed that AD might be considered as ‘Diabetes type 3’. Aim of the current study is to assess the cognitive function of DM patients and Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients with neurophysiological and neuropsychological measures and seek possible correlations.
Methods: The study participants were divided into two groups: group 1 and group 2. Group 1 consisted of 24 DM patients (7 men, 17 women; age 70.6±6.5 (mean ± SD) years; age range 55-86 years. Group 2 consisted of 16 MCI patients age 72.61±7.42 (mean ± SD)years; age range 58-89 years) age-matched (t-value=1.06, p=0.30) and gender matched (χ2=0.084, p=0.772) with group 1 patients. All patients were assessed with auditory event-related potentials (AERPs) and neuropsychological tests, which include MMSE, MOCA, IADL, and HAMILTON depression scale. Latencies and amplitudes of the major AERP waves (N200, P300 and Slow Wave) were determined,
Results: No statistically significant difference was observed in the AERP characteristics and the performance of the patients in the neuropsychological tests between the two groups (p>0.05).
Conclusions: From the results of the current study, it appears that the higher cognitive functions of DM patients as assessed with ERPs and neuropsychological tests are affected in a similar way with that of MCI patients; a finding which supports the existence of common pathophysiological mechanisms between the two diseases.
Self‐Foaming as a Universal Route for Fabricating Liquid Metal Foams and Hollow Particles
Authors: Zhang Mingkuan , Liu Li , Zhang Chenglin , Chang Hao , Zhang Pengju , Rao Wei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe porous or hollow structure constructed by involving gas inside the liquid metal or liquid metal particles can reduce the density and increase the reaction sites. However, there is no universal route that can place bubbles in liquid metal from macroscale to microscale to prepare liquid metal foams or liquid metal hollow particles. Based on the oxidation reaction of Ga2O, self‐foaming as a general route for fabricating liquid metal foams and hollow particles is proposed. Those foams and hollow particles only consist of metal and its oxide, which can avoid the reaction between the liquid metal and the additives to obtain stable properties. The low density (0.6 g cm−3 for foams and 0.71 g cm−3 for hollow particles), the high conductivity (over 105 S m−1), and the low melting point (≈30.5 °C) are displayed. Besides, those foams and hollow particles can be freely and subjectively modified by other functional particles, such as Fe, Ni, and Si. Those functional foams are used in electromagnetic shielding and the 3D swarming behaviors of liquid metal hollow particles are realized under a magnetic field.
Blended phenotype of combination of HERC2 and AP3B2 deficiency and Angelman syndrome caused by paternal isodisomy of chromosome 15
Authors: Ueda Kimiko , Ogawa Satoru , Matsuda Keiko , Hasegawa Yuiko , Nishi Eriko , Yanagi Kumiko , Kaname Tadashi , Yamamoto Toshiyuki , Okamoto Nobuhiko 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAngelman syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability (ID), a distinctive gait pattern, abnormal behaviors, severe impairment in language development, and characteristic facial features. Most cases are caused by the absence of a maternal contribution to the imprinted region on chromosome 15q11‐q13. Here, we present the first reported case of a 3‐year‐old boy with an atypical phenotype of Angelman syndrome due to uniparental isodisomy with two recessive homozygous pathogenic variants: in HERC2 and AP3B2. Known phenotypes related to HERC2 and AP3B2 include ID and early infantile epileptic encephalopathy, respectively. The patient had severe global developmental delay and profound ID and showed a happy demeanor, stereotypic laughter, and hand‐flapping movements, but also irritability. Craniofacial dysmorphic features, including brachycephaly, strabismus, wide ala nasi, short philtrum, wide open mouth, and slight hypopigmentation were seen. Progressive microcephaly was noted. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed delayed myelination and cerebral atrophy. Trio whole exome sequencing and CGH‐SNP array analysis revealed paternal uniparental isodisomy of chromosome 15 and two coexisting recessive diseases resulting from homozygous HERC2 and AP3B2 pathogenic variants. The pathogenic variant in HERC2 was inherited from his heterozygous‐carrier father, and the variant in AP3B2 was de novo. We suppose that these unusual features were the combination of the effect of three concomitant disorders.
Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacodynamic Effects of the Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Fenebrutinib (GDC‐0853) in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Results of a Phase II, Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Trial
Authors: Isenberg David , Furie Richard , Jones Nicholas S. , Guibord Pascal , Galanter Joshua , Lee Chin , McGregor Anna , Toth Balazs , Rae Julie , Hwang Olivia , Desai Rupal , Lokku Armend , Ramamoorthi Nandhini , Hackney Jason A. , Miranda Pedro , de Souza Viviane A. , Jaller‐Raad Juan J. , Maura Fernandes Anna , Garcia Salinas Rodrigo , Chinn Leslie W. , Townsend Michael J. , Morimoto Alyssa M. , Tuckwell Katie 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveFenebrutinib (GDC‐0853) is a noncovalent, oral, and highly selective inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK). The efficacy, safety, and pharmacodynamics of fenebrutinib in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were assessed in this phase II, multicenter, randomized, placebo‐controlled study.MethodsPatients who had moderately to severely active SLE while receiving background standard therapy were randomized to receive placebo, fenebrutinib 150 mg once daily, or fenebrutinib 200 mg twice daily. Glucocorticoid taper was recommended from weeks 0 to 12 and from weeks 24 to 36. The primary end point was the SLE Responder Index 4 (SRI‐4) response at week 48.ResultsPatients (n = 260) were enrolled from 44 sites in 12 countries, with the majority from Latin America, the US, and Western Europe. The SRI‐4 response rates at week 48 were 51% for fenebrutinib 150 mg once daily (P = 0.37 versus placebo), 52% for fenebrutinib 200 mg twice daily (P = 0.34 versus placebo), and 44% for placebo. British Isles Lupus Assessment Group–based Combined Lupus Assessment response rates at week 48 were 53% for fenebrutinib 150 mg once daily (P = 0.086 versus placebo), 42% for fenebrutinib 200 mg twice daily (P = 0.879 versus placebo), and 41% for placebo. Safety results were similar across all arms, although serious adverse events were more frequent with fenebrutinib 200 mg twice daily. By week 48, patients treated with fenebrutinib had reduced levels of a BTK‐dependent plasmablast RNA signature, anti–double‐stranded DNA autoantibodies, total IgG, and IgM, as well as increased complement C4 levels, all relative to placebo.ConclusionWhile fenebrutinib had an acceptable safety profile, the primary end point, SRI‐4 response, was not met despite evidence of strong pathway inhibition.
Expansion of Fcγ Receptor IIIa–Positive Macrophages, Ficolin 1–Positive Monocyte‐Derived Dendritic Cells, and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Associated With Severe Skin Disease in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Xue Dan , Tabib Tracy , Morse Christina , Yang Yi , Domsic Robyn T. , Khanna Dinesh , Lafyatis Robert 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveIn this study, we sought a comprehensive understanding of myeloid cell types driving fibrosis in diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc) skin.MethodsWe analyzed the transcriptomes of 2,465 myeloid cells from skin biopsy specimens from 12 dcSSc patients and 10 healthy control subjects using single‐cell RNA sequencing. Monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (mo‐DCs) were assessed using immunohistochemical staining and immunofluorescence analyses targeting ficolin‐1 (FCN‐1).ResultsA t‐distributed stochastic neighbor embedding analysis of single‐cell transcriptome data revealed 12 myeloid cell clusters, 9 of which paralleled previously described healthy control macrophage/DC clusters, and 3 of which were dcSSc‐specific myeloid cell clusters. One SSc‐associated macrophage cluster, highly expressing Fcγ receptor IIIA, was suggested on pseudotime analysis to be derived from normal CCR1+ and MARCO+ macrophages. A second SSc‐associated myeloid population highly expressed monocyte markers FCN‐1, epiregulin, S100A8, and S100A9, but was closely related to type 2 conventional DCs on pseudotime analysis and identified as mo‐DCs. Mo‐DCs were associated with more severe skin disease. Proliferating macrophages and plasmacytoid DCs were detected almost exclusively in dcSSc skin, the latter clustering with B cells and apparently derived from lymphoid progenitors.ConclusionTranscriptional signatures in these and other myeloid populations indicate innate immune system activation, possibly through Toll‐like receptors and highly up‐regulated chemokines. However, the appearance and activation of myeloid cells varies between patients, indicating potential differences in the underlying pathogenesis and/or temporal disease activity in dcSSc.
Mutational profile of ZBTB16‐RARA‐positive acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Fabiani Emiliano , Cicconi Laura , Nardozza Anna Maria , Cristiano Antonio , Rossi Marianna , Ottone Tiziana , Falconi Giulia , Divona Mariadomenica , Testi Anna Maria , Annibali Ombretta , Castelli Roberto , Lazarevic Vladimir , Rego Eduardo , Montesinos Pau , Esteve Jordi , Venditti Adriano , Della Porta Matteo , Arcese William , Lo‐Coco Francesco , Voso Maria Teresa 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe ZBTB16‐RARA fusion gene, resulting from the reciprocal translocation between ZBTB16 on chromosome 11 and RARA genes on chromosome 17 [t(11;17)(q23;q21)], is rarely observed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and accounts for about 1% of retinoic acid receptor‐α (RARA) rearrangements. AML with this rare translocation shows unusual bone marrow (BM) morphology, with intermediate aspects between acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and AML with maturation. Patients may have a high incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation at diagnosis, are poorly responsive to all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic tryoxyde, and are reported to have an overall poor prognosis.AimsThe mutational profile of ZBTB16‐RARA rearranged AML has not been described so far.Materials and methodsWe performed targeted next‐generation sequencing of 24 myeloid genes in BM diagnostic samples from seven ZBTB16‐RARA+AML, 103 non‐RARA rearranged AML, and 46 APL. The seven ZBTB16‐RARA‐positive patients were then screened for additional mutations using whole exome sequencing (n = 3) or an extended cancer panel including 409 genes (n = 4).ResultsZBTB16‐RARA+AML showed an intermediate number of mutations per patient and involvement of different genes, as compared to APL and other AMLs. In particular, we found a high incidence of ARID1A mutations in ZBTB16‐RARA+AML (five of seven cases, 71%). Mutations in ARID2 and SMARCA4, other tumor suppressor genes also belonging to SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes, were also identified in one case (14%).Discussion and conclusionOur data suggest the association of mutations of the ARID1A gene and of the other members of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes with ZBTB16‐RARA+AMLs, where they may support the peculiar disease phenotype.
Thyroid dysfunction and breast cancer risk among women in the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Tran Thi‐Van‐Trinh , Maringe Camille , Benitez Majano Sara , Rachet Bernard , Boutron‐Ruault Marie‐Christine , Journy Neige 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the association between thyroid dysfunction and breast cancer risk. We included 239,436 females of the UK Biobank cohort. Information on thyroid dysfunction, personal and family medical history, medications, reproductive factors, lifestyle, and socioeconomic characteristics was retrieved from baseline self‐reported data and hospital inpatient databases. Breast cancer diagnoses were identified through population‐based registries. We computed Cox models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of breast cancer incidence for thyroid dysfunction diagnosis and treatments, and examined potential confounding and effect modification by comorbidities and breast cancer risk factors. In our study, 3,227 (1.3%) and 20,762 (8.7%) women had hyper‐ and hypothyroidism prior to the baseline. During a median follow‐up of 7.1 years, 5,326 (2.2%) women developed breast cancer. Compared to no thyroid dysfunction, there was no association between hypothyroidism and breast cancer risk overall (HR = 0.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.84–1.02, 442 cases), but we found a decreased risk more than 10 years after hypothyroidism diagnosis (HR=0.85, 95%CI 0.74–0.97, 226 cases). There was no association with hyperthyroidism overall (HR=1.08, 95%CI 0.86–1.35, 79 cases) but breast cancer risk was elevated among women with treated hyperthyroidism (HR=1.38, 95%CI: 1.03–1.86, 44 cases) or aged 60 years or more at hyperthyroidism diagnosis (HR=1.74, 95%CI: 1.01–3.00, 113 cases), and 5–10 years after hyperthyroidism diagnosis (HR=1.58, 95%CI: 1.06–2.33, 25 cases). In conclusion, breast cancer risk was reduced long after hypothyroidism diagnosis, but increased among women with treated hyperthyroidism. Future studies are needed to determine whether the higher breast cancer risk observed among treated hyperthyroidism could be explained by hyperthyroidism severity, type of treatment or aetiology.
ASFNet: Adaptive multiscale segmentation fusion network for real‐time semantic segmentation
Authors: Zha Hengfeng , Liu Rui , Yang Xin , Zhou Dongsheng , Zhang Qiang , Wei Xiaopeng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRecently, the development of deep learning has facilitated continuous progress in the field of computer vision. Pixel‐level semantic segmentation serves as a fundamental task in computer vision. It achieves significant results by connecting wider and deeper backbone networks and building fine‐grained segmentation heads. However, applications such as self‐driving cars are more critical to the computational speed of the algorithms. The trade‐off between accuracy and real‐time performance of existing algorithms is still a challenging task. To address this challenge, this article proposes an adaptive multiscale segmentation fusion network to fuse multiscale contextual, which designs an adaptive multiscale segmentation fusion module based on an attention mechanism. Using segmentation fusion instead of feature fusion, the multiscale segmentation results are aggregated to obtain more precise segmentation results. The final results achieved 70.9% mIoU of accuracy in the Cityspace test set, processing images at 61 FPS when the input is 1024 × 2048. In addition, when adjusting the input size to 512 × 1024, the images are processed at 185 FPS.
Hg0 Removal by Straw Biochars Prepared with Clean Microwave/H2O2 Modification
Authors: Cui Shuaibo , Shan Ye , Liu Yangxian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBiochar is one of the most promising adsorbents for Hg0 from flue gas due to renewable raw materials. Cotton straw and maize straw biochars prepared by microwave activation and H2O2 modification were used for removing Hg0 from flue gas. Hg0 capture efficiency and mechanism on biochars were studied. Cotton straw and maize straw biochars modified with 2 and 10 % H2O2, respectively, show optimal Hg0 removal performance exceeding that of activated carbon. Microwave activation and H2O2 impregnation greatly improve the BET surface areas of the biochars. H2O2 impregnation increases the number of O‐containing functional groups, i.e., O–H and C–O, on the biochar surface, enhancing Hg0 removal. Chemisorption dominates the Hg0 capture on biochars.
CRISPR Screens in Toxicology Research: An Overview
Authors: Sobh Amin , Russo Max , Vulpe Christopher D. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe use of genome editing tools is expanding our understanding of various human diseases by providing insight into gene–disease interactions. Despite the recognized role of toxicants in the development of human health issues and conditions, there is currently limited characterization of their mechanisms of action, and the application of CRISPR‐based genome editing to the study of toxicants could help in the identification of novel gene–environment interactions. CRISPR‐based functional screens enable identification of cellular mechanisms fundamental for response and susceptibility to a given toxicant. The aim of this review is to inform future directions in the application of CRISPR technologies in toxicological studies. We review and compare different types of CRISPR‐based methods including pooled, anchored, combinatorial, and perturb‐sequencing screens in vitro, in addition to pooled screenings in model organisms. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Cryopreservation Protocols for Genetically Engineered Mice
Authors: Longenecker Glenn , Cho Kyoungin , Khillan Jaspal S. , Kulkarni Ashok B. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractProtocols for cryopreservation of mouse embryos and sperm are important for preserving genetically engineered mice (GEMs) used in research to study human development and diseases. Embryo cryopreservation is mainly carried out using either of two protocols: controlled gradual cooling or vitrification. Sperm cryopreservation protocols include two methodologies that are commonly referred to as JAX and CARD. Quality‐control measures are necessary to ensure that GEMs are properly cryopreserved so that they can be retrieved for future use. An archiving system is also important in keeping proper records of frozen sperm and embryos. Frozen embryos and sperm are now preferred over live mice for shipping to distant locations. This article describes detailed protocols used in cryopreservation of mouse embryos and sperm, as well as their retrieval to live mice. © 2021 U.S. Government.This article was corrected on 28 July 2022. See the end of the full text for details.Sperm cryopreservationBasic Protocol 1: JAX protocol for sperm cryopreservationSupport Protocol 1: JAX protocol for making sperm cryopreservation mediumBasic Protocol 2: JAX protocol for IVF of mouse spermAlternate Protocol 1: Modified CARD protocol for sperm cryopreservationSupport Protocol 2: CARD protocol for making sperm cryopreservation mediumAlternate Protocol 2: CARD protocol for IVF of mouse spermEmbryo cryopreservationBasic Protocol 3: Cryopreserving and thawing 2‐cell embryosAlternate Protocol 3: Cryopreserving and thawing 8‐cell to morula‐stage embryosSurgical transfer of embryosBasic Protocol 4: Infundibulum transfer of 2‐cell to morula‐stage embryos