bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Burden of ocular trauma and its effect on vision
Authors: Wadwekar Bhagwati , Mishra Amit Kumar , Sahu Pratima , Sanjana Elfride , Manikandan M 
Published: December 2021

Background:
The burden of blindness worldwide is 39 million. One of the avoidable causes of blindness is ocular trauma. The ocular trauma could be prevented by preventive measures such as use of goggles and helmets.

Objective:
The study was conducted to estimate the burden of ocular trauma and its effect on vision in the coastal area of South India.

Materials and Methods:
A community-based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the service area of a tertiary hospital in the coastal area of South India. Ethical approval was obtained from the institute ethics committee. House-to-house visits were done, and relevant information was collected from available and eligible participants. Data were entered in EpiData, and analysis was done in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences V21.

Results:
In this study, 1272 participants were interviewed, among which 882 (69.3%) were female. Most of the participants (27.8%) were in ≤30 years of age. Forty-nine (3.9%) participants had a history of one or more times eye trauma; among them, 38.8% reported that the cause of eye trauma was due to plant branch or thorn. The majority of the participants with a history of eye trauma (91.8%) did not use any safety measures while working such as goggles or spectacles. The vision was affected in 21 (42.9%) participants due to the trauma to the eyes.

Conclusion:
The burden of ocular trauma in the current study is lower than that found in other few studies in India. Most of the eye injuries that occurred could have been prevented by the use of preventive measures such as goggles or spectacles.
Transarterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hussain Manzoor , Shera Tahleel , Shah Omair Ashraf , Choh Naseer , Shaheen Feroze , Gojwari Tariq , Bhat Gull Mohammad , Gulzar G. M. 
Published: December 2021

Aims And Objectives:
We evaluated the role of Dyna CT in localizing HCC lesions and their selective vascular supply to help guide chemoembolization. We also evaluated the role of Dyna CT in assessing drug deposition within the lesion and predict the need of further drug delivery.

Methods:
24 patients with documented HCC were taken up for TACE after a pre-procedural contrast CT and MRI. An intra-procedural Dyna CT was done in all patients to obtain a three dimensional overview of the vascular network. Selective cannulation of the tumor arteries was achieved using a combined digital subtraction angiography and Dyna CT image guidance. Additional lesions and vessels identified on Dyna CT were also treated. Drug deposition within the lesion marking technical success was assessed on completion Dyna CT and the need for additional drug delivery was assessed.

Results:
Contrast CT identified 36 lesions, DSA 33 lesions and Dyna CT 39 lesions in 24 patients. Dyna CT was the most sensitive for lesions <10 mm (p=0.006). Dyna CT identified 4 additional supplying lesion supplying arteries (2 hepatic, 2 extra hepatic) compared to DSA. In 6(25%) patients DYNA CT helped in improvement in catheter position in the form of more selective catheterization. 35 (90%) lesions showed homogenous Type 1 deposition, two lesions (5%) showed Type 2 and the other two (5%) showed type 3 deposition of lipoidol on completion Dyna CT. The latter two were further treated to achieve type 1 deposition and 100% technical success.

Conclusion:
Dyna CT can effectively guide TACE procedure by not only identifying the lesions and their vascular supply but also helping in guiding the catheter for selective cannulation and drug deposition. Completion Dyna CT can effectively assess drug deposition and the need for additional treatment in the same setting if needed.
Evaluation of hypertonic saline–sodium hydroxide method for isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on Lowenstein–Jensen medium
Authors: Athira Chettiyath , Joseph Noyal Mariya 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Decontamination of sputum specimen is a crucial procedure for successful isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) using Lowenstein–Jensen (LJ) media. The aim of this study was to evaluate hypertonic saline–sodium hydroxide (HSSH) method for decontamination of sputum specimens for the isolation of MTB on LJ medium.

Methods:
The sputum specimens were divided into three aliquots and were decontaminated by HSSH method, N-acetyl L-cysteine-sodium hydroxide (NALC-NaOH) method, and modified Petroff's method. We have compared the smear positivity, isolation rate, and contamination rate of HSSH method with that of NALC-NaOH method and modified Petroff's method for decontamination of sputum specimens for LJ culture.

Results:
Sputum samples from 270 patients were processed by the three decontamination methods, of which 24 (8.9%) were smear and culture positive by one or more decontamination methods. Of the 24 smear-positive cases, 23 (95.8%) were positive by NALC-NaOH method, 21 (87.5%) were positive by HSSH method, and 17 (70.8%) were positive by modified Petroff's method. The contamination rate of HSSH method, NALC-NaOH method, and modified Petroff's method was 2.2% (6/270), 8.9% (24/270), and 6.7% (18/270), respectively. The MTB isolation rate of HSSH method, NALC-NaOH method, and modified Petroff's method was 7.0% (19/270), 4.1% (11/270), and 3.3% (9/270), respectively.

Conclusion:
Among the three decontamination methods, a significantly higher isolation rate and a lower contamination rate were observed with HSSH method. Therefore, we recommend HSSH method for decontamination of sputum samples for the isolation of MTB using LJ medium.
Cognitive Deficits Correlated with Increased Latency of Event-related Potentials in Drug-free Patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Hsu Shuo-En , Lee Lan-Ting , Tsai Hsin-Chun , Chi Mei Hung , Chen Kao Chin , Lee I Hui , Chen Po See , Yang Yen Kuang 
Published: December 2021

Objective:
Few studies have identified a relationship between cognitive deficits and altered event-related potentials (ERPs), which measure the synchronous activity of neurons in response to a stimulus in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). In this study, we intended to explore the relation between cognitive function and ERP in patients with GAD.

Methods:
Fourteen drug-free participants with GAD and 14 healthy controls were recruited. ERPs were measured, and neuropsychological tests were administered. We compared the differences of the data between two groups of the study participants.

Results:
Poor performances of full IQ and the numbers of the categories completed on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test were found significantly correlated with increased frontal lobe latency in the patients with GAD (Spearman's ρ = −0.70, p < 0.05; Spearman's ρ = −0.85, p < 0.01), respectively, but not in the controls.

Conclusion:
As ERPs represent an index of information speed, we propose that patients with GAD could exhibit deficits in tasks requiring mental speed.
Fiqh of the Future Prophetic Messages, Question of Importance and Method
Authors: Mohamed Sedra Saad 
Published: December 2021

وجهتنا السنة النبوية في كثير من نصوصها إلى ضرورة الاهتمام بالمستقبل، ويبقى من الواجب علينا فقه هذه الإخبارات النبوية المستقبلية، والعمل بمقتضاها، وهذا ما سعى هذا البحث لإظهار أهميته وبيان منهجه، من خلال الجواب على سؤالين مهمين؛ الأول: يتعلق بمدى أهمية هذا النوع من الفقه الموضوعي للأحاديث المتعلقة بالمستقبل. والثاني: يتعلق بالمنهج المؤطر لعملية فهم وتنزيل هذه الأحاديث على واقع ومستقبل الأمة المسلمة. وقد اعتمدت في هذا البحث منهجا تحليليا وتركيبيا قصد بيان المقصد النبوي من هذه الإخبارات، وتوضيح السبيل الأمثل لفهمها. إن غاية هذا الأمر هو بناء تصورات واضحة المعالم لما سيواجهه المسلمون في المستقبل، بغية تحفيزهم واعانتهم على حسن الاستعداد المسبق له، حتى تكون الأمة في مجموعها مستعدة لخوض غمار المستقبل بأفضل شكل ممكن.
الكلمات المفتاحية: فقه، المستقبل، المنهج
Abstract
The Sunnah of the Prophet has guided us in many of its texts to the importance of looking to the future. It remains for us the duty to better understand these messages, and to make them practicable. This is then the purpose of this research, to clarify and present its methodology where two important questions are asked: 1: Concerns the importance of this type of Fiqh? 2: Concerning the method that frames the operation of understanding these Hadiths of the Prophet on the future of the Islamic community. In this research, I have taken an analytical and compositional approach to explain the prophetic purpose of these stories and how best to understand them. Thus, the purpose of this topic is to build clear visions on the obstacles that the Muslims will face in the future, in order to encourage and help them to better prepare themselves for what will face them, so the Muslim community will be prepared to better introduce itself in the future.
Keywords: Fiqh, Future, Method.
Poetic Structure and Arts of Prose in Modern Arabic Literature
Authors: Jahantab Zakira 
Published: December 2021

الأدب هو شكلٌ من أشكال التعبير عن مشاعر الإنسان وعواطفه، وهو أسلوبٌ من الأساليب التي يستخدمُها الإنسان لإفراغ هواجسِه وخواطره وعرض أفكاره بمساحة يخلقُها لنفسه من الحروف، ويُعرَفُ الأدب في كلِّ لغة من لغات الأرض بأنّه مجموعة النصوص التي كتبها الأدباء والشعراء حول العالم بهذه اللغة، وتختلف فنون الأدب في كلِّ اللغات؛ فمن الأدباء من يعبّر عن أفكاره ومشاعره شِعرًا، ومنهم من يعبّر عن ذلك نثرًا، وللنثر أنواعٌ أيضًا، وهذا التنوّع في هذه الفنون قائمٌ على الأدوات التي يمتلكها كلُّ كاتب، وعلى الميول الأدبيّة الخاصّة به، كما اتخذ الأدب في العصر الحديث في العالم العربي منحى جديدًا بدخول مجموعة من الفنون الأدبية العربية الجديدة على الأدب، لم تكن هذه الفنون معروفة من قبل أو سائدة عند الأدباء العرب، دخل الفنّ المسرحي النثري والشعري لأول مرة في تاريخ الأدب العربي كلِّه، فقد تطورت الدراسات النقدية في العصر الحديث و اكتشف النقاد عوالمَ أخرى في النص الأدبي العربي ورصدوا تطورات النص الأدبي عبر العصور، وفصَّلوا في المعجم اللغوي والدلالي في كلِّ نص أدبي، فمنحوا النقد مساحات إضافية ونظريّات نقدية جديدة لم تكن معروفة ومتداولة في عصور الأدب السابقة، وهذا المقال سيسلِّط الضوء على الأدب في العصر الحديث بفنونِه المختلفة.
الكلمات المفاتيح: الأدب، العصر الحديث، مشاعر، نثرًا، الفنّ الشعري، ونظريّات نقدية.
Abstract
Literature is a form of expression of human feelings and emotions, and it is one of the methods that a person uses to express thoughts and present his ideas with a space that he creates for himself from words, and literature is known in every language of the earth as the set of texts written by writers and poets around the world in the language, and the arts of literature differ in all languages; Some writers express his thoughts and feelings in poetry, and some express it in prose, and prose has types as well, and this diversity of art is based on the tools and on his own literary tendencies that each writer possesses, and literature in the modern era in the Arab world has taken a new turn with the recognization of new Arab literary arts to literature, these arts were not known before or prevalent among Arab writers. Theatrical prose and poetic art recognized for the first time in the entire history of Arab literature. The Studies of Criticism have developed in the modern era and critics discovered other worlds in the Arabic literary text and monitored the developments of the literary text through the ages and explained the linguistic and semantic lexicon in every literary text. These studies have given criticism additional areas and new critical theories that were not known and circulated in previous literary eras, and this article will highlight on literature in the modern era with its various arts.
Keywords: Literature, modern era, emotions, prose, poetic art, critical theories.
The formation of the art of socialistic realism in Mongolia: the main stages, the role of the Russian art school
Authors: Уранчимэг Д. , Гоу Чин Ян 
Published: December 2021

Статья посвящена стилю социалистического реализма в изобразительном искусстве Монголии. Выделены основные этапы становления и факторы его формирования: революционные события и утверждение идеологии социализма; поддержка нового направления правительством Монголии, а также влияние российской художественной школы. Показана роль Российской академии художеств, Института им. И.Е. Репина, Института им. В.И. Сурикова в обучении и передаче художественных традиций и навыков монгольским художникам. Отмечено своеобразие монгольского варианта стиля соцреализма, синтезировавшего приемы и методы российской школы живописи с народными формами художественного творчества и буддийским искусством; показана непреходящая значимость и востребованность данного стиля в современном искусстве Монголии. Охарактеризовано творчество ведущих монгольских художников, и проведен искусствоведческий анализ ряда произведений.
The article is devoted to the style of socialistic realism in the fine arts of Mongolia. The main stages of formation and factors of its formation are highlighted: revolutionary events and the establishment of the ideology of socialism; support of the new authorities of Mongolia, as well as the influence of the Russian art school. The role of the Russian Academy of Arts, the I.E. Repin St. Petersburg State Academic Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, the Moscow State Academic Art Institute named after V.I. Surikov in teaching and transferring artistic traditions and skills to Mongolian artists is shown. The peculiarity of the Mongolian version of the style of socialist realism, which synthesized the techniques and methods of the Russian school of painting with folk forms of art and Buddhist art, is noted; the enduring importance and relevance of this style in the contemporary art of Mongolia is shown. The work of leading Mongolian artists is characterized and an art history analysis of a number of works is carried out.
On the attribution of the portrait of Emperor Peter III by the German artist Georg Christoph (Christoph) Groot from the funds of the Primorye State Art Gallery
Authors: Батиевская О.А. 
Published: December 2021

Статья является результатом исследования, проведенного в рамках работы над научным каталогом «Русская живопись XVIII – первой половины XIX века в собрании Приморской картинной галереи». Многие десятилетия никто не пересматривал «традиционную» атрибуцию «Портрета императора Петра III» кисти немецкого художника Георга Христофа (Кристофа) Гроота. И только при работе над каталогом авторство Г.Х. Гроота подверглось сомнению. Автор статьи опирается на классические методы исследования в искусствоведении: стилистический анализ, технико-технологическую экспертизу.
The article presents the result of research carried out during the work on the scientific catalogue “Russian Painting of the 18th – first half of the 19th century in the collection of the Primorye State Art Gallery”. For many decades, no one revisited “traditional” attribution of the portrait of Emperor Peter III by the German artist Georg Christoph (Christoph) Groot. And only when working on the catalogue, the Georg Christoph Grooth’s authorship was questioned. The author of the article relies on classical research methods in art history: stylistic analysis, technical and technological expertise.
Un encuentro liminal.
Authors: Aguilar Paula Lucia 
Published: December 2021

En marzo de 1974 se realizó en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires el seminario “Perspectivas femeninas en la investigación social en América Latina”. La iniciativa reunió a un conjunto heterogéneo de investigadoras en Ciencias Sociales provenientes de los Estados Unidos y América Latina con antecedentes en el estudio de la entonces denominada “problemática de la mujer” en sus respectivos países. Este artículo se propone analizar aquella experiencia, sus condiciones de posibilidad y sistematizar las principales cuestiones allí discutidas. En este sentido busca recuperar, genealógicamente, los tópicos que conformaban lo que hoy podemos considerar una incipiente agenda de investigación y, con el tiempo, fueron sedimentando una expertise singular. La tarea emprendida busca aportar no sólo a los procesos de construcción de memorias feministas sino también recuperar trayectorias y acontecimientos soslayados en el estudio de las ciencias sociales en América Latina.
PERANCANGAN KOMPONEN ELEKTRIS-MEKANIS PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKRO HIDRO AIR TERJUN DESA MANDURIANG KABUPATEN OKU SELATAN
Authors: Saleh Zukiffli , Kurniawan Devrie , Oktaviani Wiwin Armoldo 
Published: December 2021

Desa Manduriang memiliki potensi terjunan air yang telah digunakan sebagai penggerak Pembangkit Listrik Mikro Hidro. Berdasarkan pengamatan di lapangan diperoleh bahwa kondisi komponen penyusun PLTMH Manduriang dibangun secara sederhana dan tidak sesuai dengan kriteria teknis elektrikal PLTMH. Dari permasalahan tersebut, dilakukan evaluasi terhadap PLTMH Manduriang dan perancangan teknis PLTMH yang sesuai potensi dan mengacu pada berbagai kriteria pembangunan PLTMH. Adapun tahapan penelitian meliputi : 1). Pengukuran penampang saluran dan debit aliran, 2). Penentuan debit desain PLTMH, 3). Pemilihan jenis turbin,tipe generator dan panel control, 4). Perhitungan energi keluaran PLTMH dan kapasitas terpasang, 5). Perencanaan manajemen beban. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi bahwa dengan debit desain ideal sebesar 0,282 m3/dt dan head efektif 11 m, maka komponen mekanikal-kelistrikan yang kompatibel adalah turbin Crossflow dan generator sinkron 1 phasa dengan kapasitas 21,25 kVA yang dilengkapi dengan ELC dan ballast load dengan kapasitas 25 kVA. PLTMH Air Terjun Manduriang memiliki kemampuan menyuplai 47 titik beban dengan kapasitas terpasang 450 VA/titik beban.
PENGOLAHAN PLASTIK POLYSTYRENE DAN POLYPROPYLENE MENJADI LIQUID FUEL MENGGGUNAKAN KATALIS GAMMA ALUMINA (?-Al2O3) DAN ZEOLIT TERAKTIVASI DALAM SINGLE STAGE SEPARATOR
Authors: Aswan Arizal , Pujiastuti L Sutini , Ridwan K.A , Fatria Fatria , Trijayanti Bina , Pratiwi L Berliana , Sari Rizqi Hanifah Hikmah 
Published: December 2021

Proses pirolisis sampah plastik merupakan proses dekomposisi senyawa organik yang terdapat dalam plastik melalui proses pemanasan dengan sedikit atau tanpa melibatkan oksigen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh jenis plastik yang digunakan, temperatur, dan jenis katalis terhadap produk hasil pirolisis. Pada penelitian ini jenis plastik yang digunakan berupa Polystyrene dan Polypropylene dengan variasi katalis Zeolit 20% serta Gamma Alumina 10%. Hasil analisa terbaik pada (% Yeild, densitas, viskositas, titik nyala, dan GC-MS) diperoleh pada penggunaan sampah plastik Polystyrene dengan katalis Gamma Alumina sedangkan analisa nilai kalor dengan hasil terbaik diperoleh pada sampah plastik Polypropylene dengan katalis Gamma Alumina.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA BUKU KEGIATAN TEMA SEMESTER SATU UNTUK MENSTIMULASI KEMAMPUAN BAHASA INGGRIS AUD
Authors: Rusalman Maya , Febrini Deni , Syafri Fatrica 
Published: December 2021

Tujuan penelitian yang saya lakukan ini adalah untuk menghasilkan sebuah produk pengembangan media buku kegiatan tema pada pembelajaran semester satu yakni dengan tema diriku, lingkunganku, kebutuhanku, binatang dan tanaman yaitu buku kegiatan berbahasa inggris yang didesain dengan inovasi gambar dan warna yang lebih menarik sehingga anak lebih tertarik untuk melihat dan memperlajarinya, buku ini digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa inggris anak usia dini di RA As Shaffah Kota Bengkulu. Aadapun metode yang digunakan yakni search and development (R&D). pengembang dengan model pengembangan richey and klien pada level 1. Dengan mengunakan 7 langkah pengembangan antara lain (1) potensi dan masalah, (2) pengumpulan informasi, (3) desain produk, (4) validasi desain, (5) revisi desain produk, (6) revisi produk dan (7) uji coba produk skala kecil. Penelitian ini mengunakan desain penelitian dengan jumlah 14 anak (satu kelas) untuk mengetahui bagaimana peningkatan bahasa inggris anak. Sedangkan teknik analisis data yang digunakan yakni mengunakan analisis data kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data maka diperoleh kesmipulan produk baru hasil pengembangan sudah layak digunakan karena berada dalam katagori “sangat baik” hal ini dibuktikan dengan penilain dari validator.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN GAWAI TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN BAHASA ANAK USIA 4-6 TAHUN
Authors: Melati Puspita , Anesty Mashudi Esya 
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh gawai terhadap perkembangan bahasa anak usia dini. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dan bersifat kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah orang tua yang memiliki anak usia 4-6 tahun. Dengan melihat bahwa tujuan utama pendidikan anak usia dini yaitu untuk memberikan perkembangan pada seluruh aspek dalam anak usia dini dengan memberikan stimulus-stimulus berupa kegiatan bermain yang menyenangkan dan mampu mengintegrasikan kemampuan anak usia dini secara optimal. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa sebagain besar setuju bahwa dengan menggunakan gawai mampu membrikan perkembangan yang positif terhadap anak dalam memenuhi perkembangan bahasanya. Selain itu, dampak negative dari penggunaan gadget pun mampu menghambat sebagian anak dalam berbahasa. Hal serupa setuju bahwa gawai memberikan pengaruh yang baik dalam menemukan istilah baru dan melatih anak usia dini untuk berbicara secara langsung. Namun, adapun dampak negatifnya yang disetujui oleh sebagian besar responden yaitu anak mudah terdistraksi dalam lingkungan sosial karena penggunakan gawai.
Phytonematodes as a limiting biotic factor of agricultural production in the world (review)
Authors: Kalatur K. A. , Yanse L. A. 
Published: December 2021

Purpose. To analyze domestic and foreign scientific literature on the species composition and harmfulness of the world's most dangerous parasitic species of phytonematodes in crops.
Results. Today, according to the available literature, the most dangerous species of phytonematodes include: gall nematode (Meloidogyne spp.), cyst-forming nematode (Heterodera spp. and Globodera spp.), root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus spp.), banana drill nematode (Radoholus similis), stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci), pine stem nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), reniform nematode (Rotylenchulus reniformis), xiphinema index (Xiphinema index), false head nematode (Nacobbus aberrans), and rice leaf nematode (Aphelenchoides besseyi).
Conclusions. The results of research on the prevalence and harmfulness of parasitic nematode species in crops convince us of the need for a more detailed study of this group of microorganisms. Due to the rapid development of molecular genetic methods in the last decade, scientists have been able to expand and improve their knowledge of identifying species, races and pathotypes of phytonematodes, their biological and environmental characteristics, and most importantly, to discover and understand extremely complex mechanisms of parasite and host plants. Nematologists are confident that further research in these and other areas in the future will create a basis for developing a new strategy for long-term and environmentally safe control of these dangerous plant parasites.