bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Ten-Year Risk of Developing Cardiovascular Disease Among Public Health Workers In North-Central Nigeria Using Framingham And Atherogenic Index of Plasma Risk Scores
Authors: Olubiyi Olubunmi Abiola , Rotimi Bosede Folashade , Afolayan Munirat Ayoola , Alatishe-Muhammed Bilqis Wuraola , Olubiyi Olufemi Mubo , Balami Ahmed Dahiru 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Estimation of total cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk with the use of risk prediction charts such as the Framingham risk score and Atherogenic index of plasma score is a huge improvement on the practice of identifying and treating each of the risk factors such as high blood pressure and elevated blood cholesterol. The estimation of the total risk highlights that CVD risk factors occur together and thereby predicts who should be treated. There is scarcity of data on the risk scoring of adults in Nigeria including health workers. Therefore, this study was done to estimate the cardiovascular risks of health workers in public health services in north-central NigeriaMethods: A cross-sectional survey was performed using validated Framingham risk score calculator and calculation of risk based on the lipid profile of 301 randomly selected health workers in North-central Nigeria. Descriptive analysis was done using frequency counts and percentages while inferential statistics were done using chi square and correlation analyses using statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. The confidence level was 95% and the level of significance was set at 0.05.Results: The 10-year risk of developing CVD was generally low in the health workers. Using Framingham risk score, 98.3% of health workers have low risk, 1.0% have moderate risk and 0.7% have high risk. Among the cadres of health workers, 1.5% of the nurses have moderate risk while 2.5% of the doctors and 3.3% of the CHEWs have high risk of developing CVD in 10 years. Using Atherogenic index of plasma scoring, only 2% of the health workers have high risk, 4.7% have intermediate risk while 93.4% have low risk. Across the cadres, 6.3% of the nurses and 3.3% of the CHEWs have intermediate risk while 2.4% of the nurses and 3.3% of the CHEWs have high risk. These findings were however not statistically significant.Conclusions: the 10-year risk of developing cardiovascular disease was low in the health workers in this study using both Framingham’s risk score and atherogenic index of plasma scores
Comprehensive Spatial Distribution of Tropical Fish Assemblages from Multifrequency Acoustics and Video Fulfils the Island Mass Effect Framework
Authors: Salvetat Julie , Bez Nicolas , Habasque Jeremie , Lebourges-Dhaussy Anne , Lopez Cristiano , Roudaut Gildas , Simier Monique , Travassos Paulo , Vargas Gary , Bertrand Arnaud 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Tropical marine ecosystems are highly biodiverse and provide resources for small-scale fisheries and tourism. However, precise information on fish spatial distribution is lacking, which limits our ability to reconcile exploitation and conservation. We combined acoustics to video observations to provide a comprehensive description of fish distribution in a typical tropical environment, the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (FNA) off Northeast Brazil. We identified and classified all acoustic echoes into ten fish assemblage and two triggerfish species. This opened up the possibility to relate the spatial different spatial patterns to a series of environmental factors and the level of protection. We provide the first biomass estimation of the black triggerfish Melichthys niger, a key tropical player. By comparing the effects of euphotic and mesophotic reefs we show that more than the depth, the most important feature is the topography with the shelf break as the most important hotspot. We also complete the portrait of the island mass effect revealing a clear asymmetry. While primary productivity is higher downstream, fish concentrate upstream. The comprehensive fish distribution provided by our approach is directly usable to implement scientific-grounded Marine Spatial Planning.
Dental Implants with Electrochemical Nanopattern Formation to Increase Osseointegration.
Authors: KIM WONHYEON , Shin Yong Cheol , Lee Sung-Ho , Kang Moon Sung , Lee Jong Ho , Wie Jinhong , Lee Min-Sun , Lee Jong-Ho , Han Dong-Wook , Kim Bongju 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Nowadays, The coming acceleration of global population ageing. When people get older, the importance of implants is emphasized. Dental implants have a crucial effect on life satisfaction. Many techniques have already been developed it. However, those still required many procedures. Shin et al suggested the new model based on MA. The electrochemical nanopattern formation (ENF) model takes out lots of steps when it is made. It is very simple because it only removes TiO2 NT layers. Interestingly, we investigated many studies, this simple model did not distinguish the other commercial models. Surface modification by ENF process improved the osteogenic differentiation in cells. It did not limit the cells. In vivo study, ENF also promoted the bone to implant connectivity. The ENF technique used for the new substitute.
Myofunctional Device Use in Oral Care and Swallowing: Protocol for a Pilot Study in an Aged Care Population
Authors: Shortland Hollie-Ann Lee , Hewat Sally , Webb Gwendalyn , Vertigan Anne E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPoor oral health is a known predictor of aspiration pneumonia in vulnerable populations such as the elderly and chronically ill and has been linked to systemic disease, morbidity, and mortality. Reduced oral health not only places individuals at a greater risk of aspiration pneumonia but may result in pain or poorer dentition which can impact on mastication and swallowing. Consequences of this may include reduced oral intake, malnutrition, poorer health outcomes and reduced quality of life. Few evidence-based protocols exist to manage oral care in aged care populations, and maintenance of good oral hygiene is difficult for nursing and care staff to facilitate. However, myofunctional devices reportedly improve oral hygiene, oral behaviours, and swallowing, along with breathing and speech. The primary aims of this study are to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a using a myofunctional device to improve oral care and swallowing function in an aged care population. Methods/DesignThis project is a pilot study that involves a five-week intervention for oral hygiene and dysphagia for residents >65 years old in an aged care setting. Feasibility will be measured by number of consenting participants, trial completion rates, and treatment adherence. Acceptability will be measured through verbal surveys of aged care residents and a questionnaire of care staff assisting with the intervention. Secondary outcome measures will record changes in oral hygiene and dysphagia pre and post intervention. DiscussionThe results of this trial will provide important information regarding the acceptability and feasibility of utilising a myofunctional device to improve oral care and dysphagia in elderly patients in an aged care facility. This knowledge will further guide and inform design of a larger trial or future research. Trial registrationThis trial was registered 8/10/2021 with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry and allocated the ACTRN: ACTRN12621001359820. Web address for trial: https://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12621001359820.aspx
Integrated microRNA Analysis Identifies miR-512-3p as a Potential Biomarker of Poor Outcome in Pediatric Medulloblastoma
Authors: Correia Carolina Alves Pereira , Chagas Pablo Ferreira , Baroni Mirella , Andrade Augusto Faria , Queiróz Rosane Gomes de Paula , Suazo Veridiana Kill , Cruzeiro Gustavo Alencastro Veiga , Fedatto Paola Fernada , Antonio David Santos Marco , Brandalise Silvia Regina , Yunes Jose Andres , Panepucci Rodrigo Alexandre , Carlotti Carlos Gilberto , Valera Elvis Terci , Tone Luiz Gonzaga , Scrideli Carlos Alberto 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Medulloblastoma, a genetically heterogeneous tumor, is the most frequent malignant brain tumor in children. Although several studies have been carried out, the molecular mechanism underlying medulloblastoma tumorigenesis is not completely known. microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles have been associated with development, progression, and prognosis of human cancers, including medulloblastoma. However, the role of miRNAs in pediatric medulloblastoma has been poorly explored.Methods: Global miRNA expression in 24 microdissected medulloblastoma specimens (19 pediatric and 5 adult specimens) was evaluated by microarray assay. miR-512-3p, the most differentially expressed miRNA in these two groups, was analyzed by qRT-PCR in a cohort of 51 consecutive pediatric medulloblastoma samples and 7 pediatric non-neoplastic cerebellum control samples, and its clinical significance was assessed. Further in silico miRNA prediction of target genes was performed with bioinformatics tools.Results: Compared to the controls, miR-512-3p was significantly downregulated in the pediatric medulloblastoma samples. Higher miR-512-3p was associated with incomplete degree of resection, high risk group classification, and poor overall survival. In silico analysis in an independent cohort of medulloblastoma identified that some of the miR-512-3p target genes (SMAD9, SSX2IP, MAPK10, PTCH1, CCDC6, and BMPR2) were statistically correlated with overall survival, metastasis, and death.Conclusions: For the first time, our results have shown that miR-512-3p is significantly associated with poor clinical outcome in pediatric medulloblastoma, suggesting that miR-512-3p is a potential biomarker of prognosis.
Health care utilization and costs following nonfatal firearm injuries for children and youth
Authors: de Oliveira Claire , Macpherson Alison , Hepburn Charlotte Moore , Huang Anjie , Strauss Rachel , Liu Ning , Fiksenbaum Lisa , Pageau Paul , Gomez Davud , Saunders Natasha 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Little is known about the health care and economic burdens of nonfatal firearm injuries for children/youth beyond the initial admission. This study sought to estimate health care utilization and total direct health care costs of nonfatal firearm injuries one-year post-injury. Using administrative data from 2003 to 2018 on all children/youth 0-24 years old in Ontario, Canada, a matched 1:2 cohort study was conducted to compare children/youth who experienced a firearm injury with those who did not. Mean and median number of health care encounters and costs, and respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and interquartile ranges (IQR), were estimated for both groups as well as costs by weapon type and intent. This study found that children/youth who experienced a firearm injury had a higher number of health care encounters per year than those who did not, particularly for medical hospitalizations (0.25 [95% CI 0.23-0.27] versus 0.01 [95% CI 0.01-0.02]) and emergency department visits (1.74 [95% CI 1.69-1.80] versus 0.38 [95% CI 0.36-0.40]). Mean and median one-year costs for those with a firearm injury were $5,442 (95% CI $5,022-$5,863) and $1,464 (IQR = $600-$4,720), and $781 (95% CI $638-$925) and $137 (IQR = $24-$401) for those without. One-year costs were highest for handgun firearm injuries ($12,875 [95% CI $9,941-$15,808]), for intentional assault-related injuries ($11,035 [95% CI $9,722-$12,348]) and intentional self-injuries ($9,658 [95% CI $5,509-$13,808]). Conclusion: Firearm injuries have substantial health care and economic burdens beyond the initial injury-related admission; this should be accounted for when examining the overall impact of firearm injuries.
USP13 Regulates the Breast Tumor Proliferation and Migration through the Stabilization of PDCD4 Protein
Authors: Tian Jun , Li Bei , Qiao Jing , Pang Xinfeng , Yue Xiaojing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Programmed cell death protein 4 (PDCD4), which serves as a tumor suppressor protein, plays a important role in cell proliferation,apoptosis, cell migration and DNA-damage response.However, the exact mechanism for the deubiquitination of PDCD4 remain unclear.Methods: Western blotting was used to detect the expression of PDCD4 in the breast cancer tissues and BC cell lines. We identified the potential PDCD4 associated deubiquitinase by RNAi screening. GST-Pull down and domain-mapping analysis were used to reveal that USP13 and PDCD4 directly interact with each other.Flow cytometry was used to detect the changes of G1 to S phase. Soft agar assay was used to measure the changes of the cell proliferation efficiency.Results: The expression of PDCD4 was decreased in the breast cancer tissues and BC cell lines. USP13 as a potential PDCD4 associated deubiquitinase. USP13 physically interacted with PDCD4 and greatly increased the steady state of PDCD4 through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.Importantly, silencing of the USP13 facilitated cell cycle from G1 to Sphase, promoted breast tumor cells proliferation and migration through downregulation of PDCD4. Conclusions: Together, these results suggest that USP13 plays an important role in the breast tumor proliferation and migration through modulating PDCD4 stability.
The effect of postmortem pH decline rate on mitochondrial apoptosis and tenderness of bovine skeletal muscle during aging
Authors: Ma Jibing , Yu Qunli , Han Mingshan , Han Ling 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of postmortem pH decline rate on mitochondrial dysfunction-induced apoptosis and bovine muscle tenderness during aging. Protein denaturation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, mitochondrial apoptosis factors, and shear force were assessed in bovine muscles with different pH decline rates. The results showed that compared to the slow group, fast pH decline in bovine muscle significantly increased sarcoplasmic protein denaturation at 6–12 h and mitochondrial ROS levels at 6–24 h (P<0.05), and in turn significantly accentuated mitochondrial dysfunction and cytochrome c oxidation levels (P<0.05), resulting in caspase-3 activation, apoptosis, and reduced muscle shear force (P<0.05). These results demonstrated that the fast postmortem pH decline enhanced mitochondrial apoptosis and bovine muscle tenderization by inducing ROS accumulation during aging.
Differences In The Properties of Extracellular Polymeric Substances Responsible For PAH Degradation Isolated From Mycobacterium Gilvum SN12 Grown On Pyrene And Benzo[a]pyrenee
Authors: Jia Chunyun , Liu Changfeng , Gong Zongqiang , Li Xiaojun , Ni Zijun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
To evaluate the differences in the characteristics of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secreted by Mycobacterium gilvum SN12 (M.g. SN12) cultured on pyrene (Pyr) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) , heating method was used to extract EPS from M.g. SN12, and the composition, emulsifying activity and morphology of EPS extracts were investigated in this study. It was indicated that EPS extracts varied signiﬁcantly with the addition of Pyr or BaP to the bacterial cultures. Concentration of proteins and carbohydrates, the main components of the EPS extracts, first increased and then decreased, with an increase in the concentration of Pyr (0–120 mg L-1) and BaP (0–120 mg L-1). A similar trend was observed for the emulsifying activity of the EPS extracts. EPS extracted from all cultures exhibited a compact structure with smooth surface, except EPS extracted from BaP-grown M.g. SN12, which exhibited a more fragile and softer surface. These findings suggest that Pyr and BaP had different influence on the properties of isolated EPS, providing insights into the mechanism underlying PAH biodegradation by some bacteria secreting EPS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the texture profile of EPS samples extracted from M.g. SN12 grown on PAHs.
Numerical Method for Fractional Fuzzy Integral Equations
Authors: Bica Alexandru Mihai , Ziari Shokrollah , Satmari Zoltan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the present work we construct an iterative method for the numerical solution of fuzzy fractional Volterra integral equations, by using the technique of fuzzy product integration. The existence and uniqueness of the solution and the uniform boundedness of the terms of the Picard iterations are proved. The convergence of the iterative algorithm is obtained and the apriori error estimate is given in terms of the Lipschitz constants. A numerical example illustrates the accuracy of the method.
Afadin couples RAS GTPases to the polarity rheostat Scribble
Authors: Goudreault Marilyn , Gagné Valérie , Jo Chang Hwa , Singh Swati , Killoran Ryan , Gingras Anne-Claude , Smith Matthew 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
AFDN/Afadin is required for establishment and maintenance of cell-cell contacts and is a unique effector of RAS GTPases. The biological consequences of RAS signalling to AFDN are unknown. Here, we use proximity-based proteomics to generate an interaction map for the long and short isoforms of AFDN, identifying the polarity protein SCRIB/Scribble as the top hit. We reveal that the first PDZ domain of SCRIB and the AFDN FHA domain mediate a direct but non-canonical interaction between these important adhesion and polarity proteins. Further, the dual RA domains of AFDN have broad specificity for RAS and RAP GTPases, and KRAS co-localizes with and promotes AFDN-SCRIB complex formation. Knockout of AFDN or SCRIB in MCF7 epithelial cells disrupts MAPK and PI3K activation and inhibits cell motility in a growth factor-dependent manner. These data have important implications for understanding why cells with activated RAS have reduced cell contacts and polarity defects, and finally begin to characterize AFDN as a RAS effector.
Comparing Output from Two Methods of Participatory Design for Developing Implementation Strategies: Traditional Contextual Inquiry vs. Rapid Crowd Sourcing
Authors: Becker-Haimes Emily , Ramesh Brinda , Buck Jacqueline , Nuske Heather J. , Zentgraf Kelly A. , Stewart Rebecca E. , Mandell David S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundParticipatory design methods are a key component of designing tailored implementation strategies. These methods vary in the resources required to execute and analyze their outputs. No work to date has examined the extent to which the output obtained from different approaches to participatory design varies.MethodsWe concurrently used two separate participatory design methods: 1) field observations and qualitative interviews and 2) rapid crowd sourcing (an innovation tournament). Our goal was to generate information to tailor implementation strategies to increase the use of evidence-based data collection practices among one-to-one aides working with children with autism. Each method was executed and analyzed by study team members blinded to the output of the other method. We estimated the personnel time and monetary costs associated with each method to further facilitate comparison.ResultsObservations and interviews generated nearly double the number of implementation strategies (n = 26) than did the innovation tournament (n = 14). When strategies were classified into clusters from the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) taxonomy, there was considerable overlap in the content of identified strategies. Strategies derived from observations and interviews were more specific than those from the innovation tournament. Nine strategies (23%) reflected content unique to observations and interviews and 4 (10%) strategies were unique to the innovation tournament. Only observations and interviews identified implementation strategies related to adapting and tailoring to context; only the innovation tournament identified implementation strategies that used incentives. Observations and interviews required more than three times the personnel hours than the innovation tournament, but the innovation tournament was more costly overall due to the technological platform used.ConclusionsThere was substantial overlap in content derived from observations and interviews and the innovation tournament. However, each yielded unique information. To select the best participatory design approach to inform implementation strategy design for a particular context, researchers should carefully consider what each method may elicit and weigh the resources available to invest in the process.Trial RegistrationN/A
Polyene Phosphatidylcholine Interacting with TLR-2 Prevents the Synovial Inflammation via Inactivation of MAPK and NF-κB Pathways
Authors: Xu Zixuan , Hao Wenting , Xu Daxiang , He Yan , Yan Ziyi , Sun Fenfen , Li Xiangyang , Yang Xiaoying , Yu Yinghua , Tang Renxian , Zheng Kuiyang , Pan Wei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune joint disease that causes cartilage and bone damage or even disability, seriously endangering human health. Chronic synovial inflammation has been shown to play a vital role in the disease sustainability. Therefore, down-regulation of synovial inflammation is considered to be an effective discipline for RA therapy. Polyene phosphatidylcholine (PPC) is a hepatoprotective agent, which was observed to inhibit inflammation in macrophages and prevent collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) of rats in our previous study. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study further reported that PPC can inhibit the synovial inflammation. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated primary synovial fibroblasts (SFs) of mice, PPC significantly decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines production while increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines level. In this process, PPC down-regulated the expression of TLR-2 and their downstream signaling molecules such as MyD88, p-ERK1/2, p-JNK1/2, p-P38 in the MAPK pathway and p-IκBα and NF-κB-p65 in NF-kB pathway. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of PPC on the above molecules and cytokines was weakened after the use of TLR-2 agonist Pam3CSK4. However, PPC lost its anti-inflammatory effect and showed an activation of MAPK and NF-kB pathways in the TLR-2-/- primary SFs after exposure to LPS. Furthermore, these results were confirmed in the SFs from the CIA mouse ex vivo. Collectively, this study demonstrated that PPC can alleviate synovial inflammation through TLR-2 mediated MAPK and NF-κB pathways, which can be proposed to be a potential drug candidate for RA therapy.
Min-Entropy Estimation for Semiconductor Superlattice True Random Number Generators
Authors: Liu Jing , Xie Jianguo , Chao Lu , Wu Han , Ding Peng , Chen Xiaoming , Feng Huamin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Semiconductor superlattice true random number generator (SSL-TRNG) has an outstanding practical property to serve as high-throughput and high-security cryptographic applications. Security in random number generators is closely related to the min-entropy of the raw output because feeding cryptographic applications with insufficient entropy leads to poor security and vulnerability to malicious attacks. However, no research has focused on the minimum entropy estimation based on the random model for SSL-TRNG, which is a highly recommended method for evaluating the security of a specific TRNG structure. This paper proposes a min-entropy estimation method for the SSL-TRNG by extending the Markov stochastic model derived from the memory effects. By calculating the boundary of the transition matrix, the min-entropy result is that the average value of each sample (1 bit) is 0.2487. Moreover, we demonstrate that the estimator is accurate enough to adjust compression rate dynamically in post-processing to reach the required security level, estimating entropy on the fly rather than off-line.