bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Australian podiatrists scheduled medicine prescribing practices and barriers and facilitators to endorsement: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: graham kristin , Matricciani Lisa , Banwell Helen , Kumar Saravana , Causby Ryan , Martin Saraid , Nissen Lisa 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundNon-medical prescribing is one healthcare reform strategy that has the potential to create savings in the health system as well as offer equitable and timely access to scheduled medicines. Currently there is a lack of information about prescribing practices of Australian podiatrists, making it difficult to assess if endorsement for scheduled medicines (endorsement) for podiatrists provides health system efficiencies or improved patient access and outcomes. Further, the uptake for endorsement remains low among Australian podiatrists. The aim of this research was to investigate the prescribing practices among Australian podiatrists as well as to explore barriers and facilitators that influence participation in endorsement. MethodsParticipants in this quantitative, cross-sectional study were registered and practicing Australian podiatrists and podiatric surgeons who were recruited through a combination of professional networks, social media, and personal contacts. Respondents were invited to complete a customised self-reported online survey. The survey was developed using previously published research, research team’s expertise and piloted with podiatrists. The survey contained three sections: demographic data including clinical experience, questions pertaining to prescribing practices, and barriers and facilitators of the endorsement pathway. ResultsRespondents (n = 225) were predominantly female, aged 25-45, working in the private sector. Approximately one quarter were endorsed (15%) or in training to become endorsed (11%). Of the 168 non-endorsed respondents, 66% reported that they would like to undertake training to become an endorsed prescriber. The medications most frequently prescribed include local anaesthetics, antimycotics, antibacterial agents, and analgesia. The most common indications reported for prescribing these medications include nail surgery (71%), foot infections and ulcerations (88%), post-operative pain (67%), and mycosis (95%). The most prescribed Schedule 2 medications were ibuprofen, paracetamol, and topical terbinafine. The most prescribed Schedule 4 medicines among endorsed podiatrists included lignocaine (84%), Cephalexin (68%), Flucloxacillin (68%), and Amoxicillin with Clavulanic acid (61%). ConclusionWhile podiatrists predominantly prescribe to assist pain, inflammatory, or infectious conditions, lack of public funding and pathology testing access limit podiatrists’ ability to maximise prescribing opportunities. Many barriers exist in the current endorsement for podiatrists, particularly related to training processes, including mentor access and supervised practice opportunities, requiring targeted enabling strategies.
Silent Strokes May Be Involved in Neurocognitive Impairment in Children With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Silva Bruno , dos-Santos Ândrea Ribeiro , Ribeiro Diana Oliveira , Cruz Tamara Tavares da , Carvalho Ana Emília Vita , Lopes Larissa Nobre , Rodrigues Alessandro Cardoso , Paschoal-Junior Fernando Mendes 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Neurological complications are frequent occurrences in children and adolescents with sickle cell disease (SCD). This research has investigated the prevalence of neurovascular and neurocognitive impairments in 17 patients with SCD from Northern Brazil, with aged 6-16 years. Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (TDU) examinations were performed on patients employing the STOP protocol as a risk score to predict stroke. Neuropsychological assessments were also performed: the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - 4th Edition (WISC-IV). Fisher's Exact Test was used for statistical analyses (p ≤0.05) of the collected dataset. Frequent headaches were a common clinical finding, occurring in over 75% of the children. There were no alterations in cerebral hemodynamics on TDU for over 70% of the patients. In general, patients had below-average scores on most cognitive domains. There was a tendency for correlation between transcranial Doppler results and the WISC-IV indices of total Intelligence Quotient (p = 0.069) and Processing Speed Index (p = 0.082). Conclusion: Most SCD patients showed impairments on cognitive tests, but there was no statistically significant correlation between the presence of neurovascular damage and worse performance on the tests.
Comparison of OPD-Referral and Self-Referral Patients In The Emergency Department
Authors: Chou Yu-Rung , Ma Mi-Chia , Lee Ching-Chi , Hsieh Chih-Chia , Lin Chih-Hao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: To compare outpatient department (OPD) referral patients and self-referral patients in the emergency department (ED) in terms of hospitalization, mortality, and length of stay.Methods: We collected ED patients of a tertiary teaching hospital over a 3-month period. We excluded pediatric patients and patients with certain inconsistent characteristics, such as trauma and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, or referral from other facilities. After propensity score matching, we compared the hospitalization, mortality, and length of stay in the ED of the OPD-referral patents and self-referral patients. We categorized the patients as “emergency” or “urgency” according to their triage information and then analyzed the effects of different severity levels.Results: The OPD-referral ED patients, compared with the self-referral patients, had a higher admission rate (49.8% vs. 28.9%, p < 0.001; odds ratio [OR] = 2.44, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 1.91 - 3.12). Among the emergency patients, there was no significant difference regarding the admission rate (62.6% vs. 55.8%, p = 0.257) or the mortality rate (4.6% vs. 8%, p = 0.253). Among the urgent patients, the admission rate was significantly different between the OPD-referral and self-referral groups (46% vs. 20.2%, p < 0.001; OR = 3.36, 95% CIs: 2.48 - 4.55). The urgent patients who were referred from OPD tended to have a higher mortality rate (2.1% vs. 0.5%, p = 0.064). Regarding the length of ED stay, only the discharge and urgent subgroups differed according to OPD- and self-referral status (p < 0.001), with a median of 5.8 hours versus 2.3 hours.Conclusions: The OPD-referral ED patients have a higher admission rate and a longer length of stay than self-referral patients in urgent triage. The OPD-referral ED patients might have more severe and complex conditions. We should be more alert to OPD-referred patients even when they initially appear not severely ill.
Preoperative Evaluation of Pulmonary Hypertension in Lung Transplant Candidates: Echocardiography Versus Right Heart Catheterization
Authors: Abu Tal , Levi Amos , Hasdai David , Kramer Mordechai R. , Bental Tamir , Bdolah-Abram Tali , Shyovich Arthur , Samara Abed , Vaknin-Assa Hana , Perl Leor , Rosengarten Dror , Shapira Yaron , Kornowski Ran , Skalsky Keren 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background - Right heart catheterization (RHC) and echocardiography are both routinely used for pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) assessment in lung transplantation (LT) candidates, although this is not mandated by current guidelines. We aimed to explore the correlation between PASP estimated by echocardiography to that measured by RHC, in this population in order to assess the necessity of RHC. Methods - From a retrospective registry of 393 LT candidates undergoing RHC and echocardiography during 2015-2019, patients were assessed for the presence of pulmonary hypertension (PH), defined as mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) above 20 mmHg, according to two methods – echocardiography and RHC. The primary outcome was the correlation between the PASP estimated by echocardiography to that measured by RHC. Secondary outcomes were the prediction value of the echocardiographic evaluation and its accuracy. Results - The mean value of PASP estimated by echocardiography was 49.5±20.0 mmHg, compared to 42.5±18.0 mmHg measured by RHC. The correlation between the two measurements was moderate (Pearson’s correlation: r=0.609, p<0.01). Echocardiography PASP measurements were moderately discriminative to diagnose PH, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.72 (95% CI 0.66-0.76). Echocardiographic overestimation of PASP of more than 10 mmHg was found in 35.0% of the patients, and underestimation was found in 11.6% of the patients.Conclusion - In the pre-surgical evaluation of LT candidates, echocardiographic estimation of PASP had moderate correlation and limited accuracy compared to the PASP measured by RHC. We thus recommend performing routine RHC to all LT candidates, regardless of the echocardiographic estimation of PASP.
Technology Adaption As Survival Strategy For Small And Medium Enterprises During COVID-19
Authors: Mishrif Ashraf , Khan Asharul 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Globally, business and operational capabilities of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have been enormously affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, forcing many to use technology and innovation rather than the more traditional methods of operations. Although we do not yet know to the extent to which Oman’s SMEs have adopted these technological transformations, we investigate this, and assess the impact of it, in this study. We empirically examine how Covid-19 accelerated technology use in the SMEs in Oman and test nine hypotheses applying paired t-test and Pearson correlation. The results show strong correlations between technology use before and during Covid-19 (r = .823, p < 0.01); technology use during Covid-19 and in future (r = .659, p < 0.01); and technology use before Covid-19 and in future (r = .612, p < 0.01). We conclude that this use of technology has been a survival strategy during the pandemic and that highly digitized SMEs are more likely to adopt Industry 4.0 technology.
Time series analysis and forecasting of China’s energy production during Covid-19: statistical models vs machine learning models
Authors: Lu Zekai , Liu Nian , Xie Ying , Xu Junhui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
COVID-19 is a huge catastrophe of global proportions, and this catastrophe has had far-reaching effects on energy production worldwide. In this paper, we build traditional statistical models and machine learning models to forecast energy production series in the post-pandemic period based on Chinese energy production data and COVID-19 Chinese epidemic data from 2018 to 2021. The experimental results showed that the optimal models in this study outperformed the baseline models on each series, with MAPE values less than 10. Further studies found that the LightGBM, NNAT and LSTM machine learning models worked better in unstable energy series, while the ARIMA statistical model still had an advantage in stable energy time series. Overall, the machine learning models outperformed the traditional models during COVID-19 in terms of prediction. Our findings provide an important reference for energy research in public health emergencies, as well as a theoretical basis for factories to adjust their production plans and governments to adjust their energy decisions during COVID-19.
Correlation Factors and a Predictive Model of Serum Ceruloplasmin Normalized Wilson’s Disease
Authors: Chen Lin , Hu Wenbin , Wang Nan , Lou Zhuoqi , Wu Chensi , Pan Liya , Xu Xiaolan , Yang Renmin , Han Yongzhu , Ruan Bing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The false increase of ceruloplasmin (Cp) in some Wilson’s disease (WD) patients, which overlaps with those in non-WD liver disease patients, decrease the diagnostic accuracy. The aims of our study was to understand the factors affecting WD patients’ Cp normalization, and develop a model using routine predictors to identify WD patients with ambiguous serum Cp.Results: The mixed effects model analysis which executed in longitudinal study revealed that the WD patients’ Cp normalization were significantly associated with the copper burden and liver function indexes, like urinary copper treated with dimercaptopropansulfonate sodium (P=0.000), aspartate aminotransferase (P=0.011), γ-glutamyltransferase (P=0.000), albumin (P=0.000). Multivariate logistic regression analysis in case-control study showed age (P=0.000) and serum creatine (P=0.000) were independent risk factors associated with WD. Based on their regression coefficients, a simplified WD index was derived: 0.001 × age [yr] × Creatine [umol/L]. The AUC value of WD index in total cohort were 0.923 (P=0.000). At a WD index cutoff value of ≤ 1.9 and ≤ 2.5, the positive and negtive predictive value are 88.2% and 89.9% for WD, respectively.Conclusions: The increase of serum Cp in WD patients is related to their excessive copper burden and hepatic injury, common tests can effectively foretell those WD patients with nearly normal serum Cp from other liver injury patients.
Isolation of Novel Vincristine and Vinblastine Producing Streptomyces Species from Catharanthus Roseus Rhizospheric Soil
Authors: Andriambeloson Onja Herivony , Noah Rabenandrasana Mamitiana Alain , Rigobert Andrianantenaina , Jean-Marc Collard , Luciano Ramaroson , Rado Rasolomampianina 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Microorganisms could be used as efficient tools to protect high value therapeutic plants against overexploitation and climate change. This work aimed to isolate alkaloids producing endophytic and rhizospheric soil actinomycetes and fungi of Catharanthus roseus. From a total of eleven actinomycetes and eight fungi strains isolated by dilution and plate methods, six telluric actinomycetes were revealed to produce alkaloids according to the precipitation test of their extracts. Revelation by Thin Layer Chromatography method using vinblastine and vincristine standards on the basis of frontal reference values showed that the strain SC8 and the vinblastine, the strain SC7 and the vincristine displayed the same frontal references (0,89 and 0,88, respectively). Whole genome sequencing method showed that both strains belong to the genus Streptomyces with novel species.Moreover, metabolic pathways analysis from their genomes allowed to detect three enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of terpenoid backbone leading to that of terpenoid indole alkaloids.
Roller Design and Optimization Based on RSM with Categoric Factors in Power Spinning of Ni-Based Superalloy
Authors: Li Zixuan , Shu Xuedao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Power spinning is a single point high pressure forming process which is usually studied with ideal regular billet. However, in some cases, the billet adopted in this process is from conventional spinning process with non-uniform wall thickness and springback. Therefore, the forming accuracy is low because this unpredictable spun billet. In this paper, cone, step and arc rollers are compared and the length change of deformation zone is calculated to further understand the forming mechanism of different roller shapes. Multi-step process simulation considering conventional spinning and power spinning is established. The influence of roller parameters such as roller nose radius, straightening zone in step roller and bite angle on the maximum roller force are discussed. In addition, the continuous factors such as installation angle and discrete factor roller shape are studied based on the response surface method (RSM) with categoric factors. The results show that roller shape have a big influence on the workpiece forming quality in power spinning process. Step roller is more suitable for use in this work. The roller nose radius and installation angle have great impacts on the maximum roller force.
Angiogenesis, Metabolism, Endothelial And Platelet Markers In Diabetes And Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Blann AD , Brown JE , Heitmar R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the pathophysiology of both being linked to metabolic, endothelial, renal, angiogenic and platelet abnormalities. We hypothesised that abnormalities in these systems are more adverse in those whose CVD is compounded by diabetes, compared to those with diabetes or CVD alone.Materials and methods: Serum or plasma from 66 patients with diabetes alone, 76 with CVD alone, and 70 with both diabetes and CVD i.e. diabetic cardiovascular disease, was probed for markers of angiogenesis [angiopoietin 1 and 2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endoglin], metabolic [sRAGE, leptin, lipocalin-2, interleukin-8, and cystatin-C], the endothelium (von Willebrand factor, endothelial microparticles and soluble E selectin]), and the platelet (platelet microparticles and soluble P selectin) by ELISA, Luminex or flow cytometry.Results: VEGF (p=0.04), von Willebrand factor (p=0.001) and endothelial microparticles (p=0.042) were all higher in diabetic cardiovascular disease than in diabetes alone and cardiovascular disease alone. Soluble E selectin was higher in diabetic cardiovascular disease than in diabetes alone (p=0.045), whilst cystatin-C (p=0.004) and soluble P selectin (p<0.001) were higher in diabetes and diabetic cardiovascular disease than in cardiovascular disease alone. There were no differences in angiopoietin 1 or 2, endoglin, sRAGE, leptin, lipocalin-2, or interleukin-8.Conclusion: Angiopoietin 1 or 2, endoglin, sRAGE, leptin, lipocalin-2, interleukin-8, and cystatin-c cannot differentiate diabetes from cardiovascular disease, or both conditions combined. Our data point to a more adverse endothelial (von Willebrand factor, endothelial microparticles), and angiogenic profile (VEGF) in those with diabetic cardiovascular disease, supporting the view that this group should be targeted more aggressively.
Imprisonment for South Ethiopian people living with HIV presents a double health burden: exploring the barriers and facilitators of optimal HIV care
Authors: Fuge Terefe Gone , Tsourtos George , Miller Emma R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial for ensuring treatment benefits as well as prevention of further transmission. However, whilst the prevalence of ART non-adherence in prison populations is considered to be high in many countries, little information is available about its predisposing circumstances in resource limited countries. We explored the barriers to and facilitators of ART adherence amongst inmates living with HIV (ILWHA) in South Ethiopia with the aim of contextualising this significant public health problem and to make advances towards optimal HIV care.
Methods

We conducted qualitative in-depth interviewing with eleven ILWHA (eight male and three female ILWHA) and eleven service providers (seven male and four female service providers). Audio recorded interview data were transcribed verbatim in Amharic language, translated into English and coded based on emerging themes. A phenomenological approach was employed to abstract meaning attributed to the prisoners’ lived experiences in relation to ART adherence and service providers’ experiential account regarding HIV care provision.
Findings:

Several themes emerged in relation to barriers of ART adherence amongst ILWHA in South Ethiopia: limited access to standard HIV care, insufficient health staff support, uncooperative security system, loss of patient privacy, a lack of status disclosure due to social stigma, depression related to imprisonment and food supply insufficiency appeared to negatively influence adherence. In addition to a unique opportunity offered by an imprisonment for some ILWHA to refrain from health damaging behaviours, the presence of social support in the prison system facilitated ART adherence.
Conclusions

This study identified important structural, social and behavioural factors that can both hinder and enhance ART adherence amongst ILWHA in South Ethiopia. Given the high prevalence of HIV infection in prisoners and the potential of transmission to others during and after incarceration, policy and practice development is required to address the barriers to ART adherence and to also strengthen the enablers with regard to an asset-based approach.
Dynamic tracking of a magnetic micro-roller using ultrasound phase analysis
Authors: Pane Stefano , Iacovacci Veronica , Ansari Mohammad Hasan Dad , Menciassi Arianna 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Microrobots (MRs) have attracted significant interest for their potentialities in diagnosis and non-invasive intervention in hard-to-reach body areas. Fine control of biomedical MRs requires real-time feedback on their position and configuration. Ultrasound (US) imaging stands as a mature and advantageous technology for MRs tracking, but it suffers from disturbances due to low contrast resolution. To overcome these limitations and make US imaging suitable for monitoring and tracking MRs, we propose a US contrast enhancement mechanism for MR visualization in echogenic backgrounds (e.g., tissue). Our technique exploits the specific acoustic phase modulation produced by the MR characteristic motions. By applying this principle, we performed real-time visualization and position tracking of a magnetic MR rolling on a lumen boundary, both in static flow and opposing flow conditions, with an average error of 0.25 body-lengths. Overall, the reported results unveil countless possibilities to exploit the proposed approach as a robust feedback strategy for monitoring and tracking biomedical MRs in-vivo.
Impact of Human Capital Underutilization on Economic Growth: the Case of India
Authors: M Vijaya Kumar , B Balu 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study investigated the effect of human capital underutilization on the economic growth of India. It has used time-series data accessed from the International Labor Organization (ILO) and World Bank database. This paper estimated the relationship between the underutilization of human capital on economic growth by applying the econometric tests like Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) Test, Johansen Integration Test, and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The results revealed that in the long run human capital underutilization has a negative relationship on GDP and labor productivity and it does not in the short run. The study recommends that specific policy legislations in the Indian labor markets are required for addressing the problem of human capital underutilization and thereby accelerating the economic growth and productivity for the current and future generations.