bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of Clonal IGH Gene Rearrangements: Summary of Molecular Oncology Surveys of the College of American Pathologists
Authors: Nikiforova Marina N. , Hsi Eric D. , Braziel Rita M. , Gulley Margaret L. , Leonard Debra G. B. , Nowak Jan A. , Tubbs Raymond R. , Vance Gail H. , Van Deerlin Vivianna M. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Context.—The diagnosis of B-cell lymphoid malignancy can frequently be substantiated by detecting clonal immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene rearrangements, which is typically done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and/or Southern blot analysis.
Objective.—To characterize current laboratory practice for the assessment of IGH rearrangements and to identify opportunities for improvement.
Design.—The data from the Molecular Oncology Proficiency Survey distributed to participating laboratories by the Molecular Pathology Committee of the College of American Pathologists from 1998 through 2003 were analyzed.
Results.—Thirty-nine proficiency survey specimens (29 positive and 10 negative for clonal IGH rearrangements) were distributed. For Southern blot analysis, 944 results were reported, with a successful response rate of 95%. For PCR detection, 2349 results were reported, with a successful response rate of 72%. A higher rate of successful responses by PCR was achieved using framework 3 primers in combination with other frameworks (82%) compared with framework 3 primers only (76%) and when fresh/ frozen (72%) compared with paraffin-embedded (65%) tissues were analyzed.
Conclusions.—The performance of the participating laboratories was very good, by both Southern blot and PCR analysis. As expected, Southern blot analysis consistently detects a higher proportion of IGH rearrangements than PCR analysis. Further improvement and standardization of the IGH PCR assay is important if it is to replace Southern blot analysis as the standard method. Participation in this survey is a valuable tool for assessing laboratory performance and it directs our attention to areas where we may improve laboratory practice.
Practical Neuropathology Synoptic Reporting for Central Nervous System Tumors
Authors: Becher Mark W. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractContext.—Synoptic reporting for central nervous system (CNS) tumors has never been formally addressed, and neuropathologists lack practical templates that they can adapt to their laboratory information system to be compliant with College of American Pathologists (CAP) standards.Objectives.—To provide practical synoptic report templates designed for CNS tumors that allow for easy data extraction and CAP compliance and improve the reporting of CNS tumors.Data Sources.—Review of literature and synoptic report format experience in our practice.Conclusions.—Synoptic reporting of required elements is a recently introduced standard for CNS tumors. It is difficult to use a universal non-CNS tumor synoptic report template for CNS tumors because they are heavily weighted to include items not important or required for CNS tumors, such as margins and the TNM classification system. In addition, the CAP CNS protocol, published in 2008, is an immense comprehensive document that is not conducive to simple inclusion in a narrative report. We describe our experience using a synoptic template for CNS tumors that includes all required elements, is tailored to the practice of neuropathology, and can easily be adapted to other laboratory information systems. Because of the multidisciplinary nature of CNS tumor diagnoses, neuropathologists typically collect clinical, demographic, and imaging data on all CNS tumor cases. These data can readily be entered into a primary synoptic report that could replace our standard narrative report.
S. Ignatius vulneratus et conversus est. Los tipos iconográficos ignacianos de la herida y la conversión en sus fuentes literarias y gráficas / S. Ignatius vulneratus et conversus est. Ignatian Iconographic Types of the Wound and Conversion in their Literary and Graphic Sources
Authors: Ortega Mentxaka Eneko 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT: The cycle that narrates the process from the wound to the conversion of Ignatius of Loyola had, from its origins, a decisive importance for the Society of Jesus, since it was understood as the second birth of its founder. The genesis of the three iconographic types that form this cycle —Vulneratur, Sanatur à S. Petro and Legit libros pios— must be sought in the Vita written by Pedro de Ribadeneyra (1572) and in its subsequent graphic dissemination in the works of Pieter Paul Rubens (1609) and the Galle brothers (1610). After the canonization of St. Ignatius, Jesuit residences were filled with pictorial series that, in many cases, included representations of these iconographic types, which sought to spread devotion of the saint and depict him as a model to imitate.
KEYWORDS
Ignatius of Loyola; Wound in Pamplona; Apparition of Saint Peter; Conversion; Pieter Paul Rubens; Theodoor Galle; Hieronymus Wierix; Iconography; Society of Jesus; Baroque.
RESUMEN: El ciclo que narra el proceso de la herida a la conversión de Ignacio de Loyola tuvo, desde sus orígenes, una destacada importancia para la Compañía de Jesús, pues supuso el segundo nacimiento de su fundador. La génesis de los tres tipos iconográficos que componen este ciclo —Vulneratur, Sanatur à S. Petro y Legit libros pios— hay que buscarla en la Vita escrita por Pedro de Ribadeneyra (1572) y en su posterior difusión gráfica a través de las obras de Pieter Paul Rubens (1609) y los hermanos Galle (1610). Tras la canonización de san Ignacio, los domicilios jesuíticos se llenaron de series pictóricas que, en muchos casos, incluían representaciones de estos tipos iconográficos, las cuales buscaban propagar la devoción por el santo y mostrarlo como modelo a imitar.
Con grande alarido y regosijo y mucha música. La boda del V marqués de Cañete con María de la Cerda y las fiestas organizadas en San Lorenzo de la Parilla en 1605 / Con grande alarido y regosijo y mucha música. [With Great Whooping and Rejoicing and much Music]. The Wedding of Juan Andrés Hurtado de Mendoza to María de la Cerda and the Festivities organized in San Lorenzo de la Parilla in 1605
Authors: Romero Medina Raúl 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT: In 1605 the festivities for the wedding of Juan Andrés Hurtado de Mendoza, son ot the IV Marquis de Cañete, and María de la Cerda, daughter of the V Duke of Medinaceli, was celebrated in the town of San Lorenzo de la Parilla. The analysis of an unpublished document that relates what happened, allows us focus attention on the visual culture of this festive scene, where music, dance, bullfighting, gifts and food abound. I dedicate these pages to the study of this ephemeral, but also mental image of the baroque city celebrating festivals.
KEYWORDS
Wedding, Marquis of Cañete, San Lorenzo de la Parrilla, Festivities, Ephemeral Image, Baroque City.
RESUMEN: En 1605 se celebraban en la villa de San Lorenzo de la Parilla las fiestas por la boda de Juan Andrés Hurtado de Mendoza, hijo del IV marqués de Cañete, y María de la Cerda, hija del V duque de Medinaceli. El análisis de un documento inédito que relata lo acontecido, nos permite centrar la mirada en la cultura visual de esa escenografía festiva, donde no faltó la música, la danza, los toros, los regalos y la comida por doquier. Al estudio de esta imagen efímera, pero también mental, de la ciudad barroca en fiestas, consagramos estas páginas.
Máquinas de la memoria: Emblemática y Semiótica / Memory Machines: Emblematics and Semiotics
Authors: Fernández Galán Montemayor María del Carmen 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT: The relationship between word and image has been researched from different theoretical perspectives. The emblem, as a hybrid textual type, has been approached from the perspectives of iconography and epigraphy in the analysis of the variety of genres derived from the triplex model, like the heavily codified languages of mute emblems and baroque hieroglyphs. The rhetorical procedures and traditions involved in the production and reception of these symbolic machines utilize the exemplum and the allegory, going through the progymnasmata, as the main strategies in the connection of iconic and verbal representations.The purpose of this work is to describe the emblem from a semiotic point of view and explore the relationship between emblematics and the theatres of artificial memory as categories that allow the explanation of the complex interdependence between the visual and the verbal in its mnemotechnical function, where the effectiveness of the repertoire of symbol is built in museums of the imaginary. This takes the visual grammars of semiotics as well as the anthropology of writing as a starting point to propose a generative model of reading.
KEYWORDS
Emblematics; Semiotics; Symbolism; Hieroglyph; Memory.
RESUMEN: La relación entre palabra e imagen ha sido estudiada desde distintas perspectivas teóricas. En el caso del emblema, como tipo textual híbrido, se ha abordado desde la iconografía y la epigrafía en el análisis de la variedad de géneros derivados del modelo triplex, como los lenguajes altamente codificados de los emblemas mudos y los jeroglíficos barrocos. Los procedimientos retóricos y tradiciones implicados en la producción y recepción de estas máquinas simbólicas tienen como principales estrategias el exemplum y la alegoría pasando por los progymnásmata, en la conexión de representaciones icónicas y verbales.El propósito de este trabajo es caracterizar el emblema desde el punto de vista semiótico y explorar la relación entre la emblemática y los teatros de la memoria artificial como categorías que permiten explicar la compleja interdependencia de lo visual y lo verbal en su función mnemotécnica donde la eficacia de los repertorios de símbolos se erige en museos del imaginario. Lo anterior a partir de las gramáticas visuales de la semiótica y de la antropología de la escritura para proponer un modelo generativo de lectura.
Sebastian Stockhamer e o desafio de comentar Alciato «com o peso do Etna sobre os ombros» / Sebastian Stockhamer and the Challenge of Commeting on Alciato «com o peso do Etna sobre os ombros» [like the Weight of Etna on One's Shoulders]
Authors: Gonçalves Medeiros Araújo Filipa Marisa 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT: In 1556, Jean de Tournes and Guillaume Gazeau published the first commented edition of Alciato’sEmblemata. The volume included Latin commentaries written by Sebastian Stockhamer, an unknown figure among 16thcentury scholars. Although the interpretative notes did not apply to all emblems, this publication opened a new chapter in the complex editorial history of the famous book by the Milanese jurist.Competing with other commentaries that became more popular (such as those by Mignault or El Brocense), Stockhamer's notes were reprinted several times. However, the passage of time seems to have eradicated all traces of the unfortunate commentator, condemning his pioneering work to oblivion. This study aims, therefore, to update the information available on this reader of Alciato, reflecting on the context of the production of the comments, elucidating his method and discussing his contribution to the diffusion of the commented editions. In this way, the study proposes to shed new light on the role that Stockhamer played in the dissemination of the Emblemata.
KEYWORDS: Alciato; Emblems; Commentary; Stockhamer; Reception Studies.
RESUMO: Em 1556, saía dos prelos lioneses de Jean de Tournes e Guillaume Gazeau a primeira edição comentada dos Emblemata de Andrea Alciato. O volume incluía comentários latinos redigidos por Sebastian Stockhamer, uma figura desconhecida no universo intelectual do século XVI. Embora as notas interpretativas não se aplicassem a todos os emblemas, esta publicação inaugurou um novo capítulo na complexa história editorial do famoso livrinho do jurista milanês.Rivalizando com outras propostas que se tornaram mais populares (como as de Mignault ou de El Brocense), as anotações de Stockhamer foram reimpressas várias vezes. No entanto, a passagem do tempo parece ter apagado o rasto do desafortunado comentador, condenando ao esquecimento o seu trabalho pioneiro. Pretende-se, assim, atualizar as informações disponíveis sobre este leitor de Alciato, reflectindo sobre o contexto de produção dos comentários, dando a conhecer o seu método e discutindo o seu contributo para a difusão das edições comentadas. Visa-se, deste modo, lançar nova luz sobre o papel de Stockhamer na divulgação dos Emblemata.
Un programa de exaltación mariana en la iglesia de santa María la Blanca de Sevilla / A Marian Exaltation Program at the Santa Maria la Blanca Church in Seville
Authors: Hernández Núñez Juan Carlos , Morales Alfredo J. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT: Santa María La Blanca, a medieval Church in Sevilla, was renovated in the XVII century. At that time a unique ornamentation program was developed in light of the brief pontifical in 1661about the immaculate conception of Mary. The restoration in 2015 of its plasterwork and wall paintings has allowed the recovery of the images and texts of its program, an iconographic message about Marian praise and eucharistic cult that is analyzed in this study.
KEYWORDS
Justino de Neve; Murillo; Faux Plasterwork; Litanies; Baroque Festivity.
RESUMEN: La iglesia medieval de Santa María la Blanca de Sevilla fue renovada durante el siglo XVII, desarrollándose su ornamentación tras el Breve Pontificio de 1661 sobre la concepción inmaculada de María. La restauración en 2015 de las yeserías y pinturas murales de su interior ha permitido recuperar las imágenes y textos del programa de exaltación mariana que, junto al culto eucarístico, integran su mensaje iconográfico.
Biopolítica y distopía: la genómica en Next de Michael Crichton
Authors: Bugajska Anna 
Published: February 2021

Biopolitics and dystopia: genomics in Michael Crichton’s Next

Resumen: En este artículo se busca demostrar que, mientras el desarrollo científico es propulsado por el pensamiento tecno-optimista (utópico), el discurso prevalente sobre genómica en la cultura de masas es pesimista (distópico) y tiene potencial para impedir la construcción de respuestas adecuadas a los desafíos biopolíticos por parte de los sistemas políticos y jurídicos. Aquí se sostiene que la utopía genómica es la única propuesta optimista que estimula las investigaciones científicas y que permite pensar en las posibles regulaciones y los cambios necesarios para la conceptualización de la idea de propiedad. Estos problemas son ilustrados con la ayuda del libro de Michael Crichton, Next, que proporciona numerosos ejemplos distópicos.
Summary: The article seeks to demonstrate that while scientific development is pro- pelled by technooptimistic thought (utopian), the prevalent discourse about genomics is pessimistic (dystopian), which has the potential to forestall the construction of an adequate answer on the part of political and legal systems. It is shown that genomic utopia is the only optimistic proposition which stimulates scientific research as well as enables thinking about regulations and the necessary changes in the conceptualization of the idea of property. These problems are illustrated with the help of Michael Crichton’s book Next, which provides numerous dystopian examples.

Palabras clave: biopolítica, distopía, genómica, sociedad abierta, autopropiedad, Crichton.
Keywords: biopolitics, dystopia, genomics, open society, self-ownership, Crichton.
Zamiatin y la ética kantiana: libertad y felicidad en Nosotros
Authors: Misseri Lucas 
Published: February 2021

Zamyatin and Kantian Ethics: Freedom and Happiness in We

Resumen: Nosotros cumple un siglo y, a diferencia de otras distopías, no existen muchos estudios en español sobre ella. En este trabajo se analiza la perspectiva de la ética retratada en la novela y en especial el conflicto entre libertad y felicidad como una dicotomía en la cual se privilegia a la felicidad sobre la libertad. Tras analizar las referencias a Kant en la obra, se concluye que es verosímil considerar que la postura del escritor ruso se asemeja a la de la ética kantiana. Finalmente, se sostiene que la dicotomía entre libertad y felicidad es una falsa dicotomía.
Abstract: Since a century ago when it has been written, We has not been the focus of the Spanish critical attention, in contradistinction to other dystopias This work analyzes the perspective on ethics portrayed in the novel and especially the conflict between freedom and happiness as a dichotomy in which happiness is privileged over freedom. After analyzing the references to Kant in the work, it is concluded that it is plausible to consider that the position of the Russian writer is similar to that of Kantian ethics. Finally, it is argued that the dichotomy between freedom and happiness is a false dichotomy.

Palabras clave: Distopía, Pensamiento utópico, Crítica Social, Literatura rusa, Kant.
Keywords: Dystopia, Utopian Thought, Social Critique, Russian Literature, Kant.
Entre el malson i la realitat. Reflexions distòpiques sobre la societat contemporània
Authors: Di Minico Elisabetta 
Published: February 2021

Between Nightmare and Reality: Dystopian Reflections on the Contemporary Society

Resum: Per mitjà de la narració de fantasia i de ciència ficció, la utopia i la distopia promouen una anàlisi crítica de la realitat. En particular, la distopia ens alerta de les possibles conseqüències catastròfiques derivades de problemes sociopolítics existents i contribueix a la reflexió constructiva sobre les amenaces antidemocràtiques que posen en perill la nostra societat. Aquest article examina la representació de l’autoritat, la coacció, la propaganda, la plasmació, l’espai i el llenguatge en distopies sociopolítiques seleccionades i reconegudes, com Nosaltres de Zamiatin, Un món feliç de Huxley, La nit de l’esvàstica de Burdekin, 1984 d’Orwell i El conte de la serventa de Atwood, i compara aquestes ficcions amb esdeveniments històrics i contemporanis, amb l'esperança d’il·luminar la manera real en què el poder opera sobre els cossos i les ments en sistemes tant repressius com liberals.
Abstract: Through fantasy and science fiction storytelling, utopia and dystopia promote a critical analysis of reality. In particular, dystopia warns against the possible nightmarish consequences of factual socio-political issues, as well as it fosters a constructive and thought-provoking reflection on the undemocratic threats that jeopardize our society. This article examines the representation of authority, coercion, propaganda, embodiment, space, and language in selected and renowned socio-political dystopias, including Zamyatin’s We, Huxley’s Brave New World, Burdekin’s Swastika Night, Orwell’s 1984, and Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale, and it subsequently compares these fictional depictions with historical and contemporary events, hoping to shed light on the real way that power operates on bodies and minds both in repressive and liberal systems.

Paraules clau: distopia, utopia, control, violència, realització
Keywords: Dystopia, Utopia, Control, Violence, Embodiment
Nueve tesis introductorias sobre la distopía
Authors: Martorell Campos Francisco 
Published: February 2021

Nine introductory theses about dystopia

Resumen: Este artículo proporciona una introducción actualizada a la distopía y una exégesis del apogeo ilimitado que esta vive. Y lo hace planteando nueve tesis. El supuesto de partida es que el término “distopía” no designa solamente una forma literaria. Sus premisas, metodologías y actitudes elementales son visibles en el pensamiento social contemporáneo y otras muchas expresiones culturales. En las dos primeras tesis diferencio el género distópico de otros géneros afines y sondeo las coincidencias temáticas que atesoran sus expresiones literarias y filosóficas. A lo largo de las tres tesis posteriores, señalo las causas sociales e ideológicas que subyacen a su hegemonía actual. Finalmente, dedico las cuatro últimas tesis a calibrar las implicaciones políticas de la distopía y a determinar las relaciones que guarda con la utopía.
Abstract: This article provides an up-to-date introduction to dystopia and an exege- sis of its huge heyday, in nine theses. The starting point is that the term “dystopia” does not designate only a literary form. Its basic premises, methodologies and attitudes are visible in contemporary social thought and many other cultural expres- sions. In the first two theses, I distinguish the dystopian genre from other related genres and probe the thematic coincidences among their literary and philosophical expressions. Throughout the three subsequent theses, I point out the social and ideological causes that underlie its current hegemony. Finally, I devote the last four theses to calibrating the political implications of dystopia and to determining its relationship with utopia.

Palabras clave: distopía, utopía, antiutopía, progreso, imaginación.
Keywords: dystopia, utopia, anti-utopia, progress, imagination.
Nutritional and Phytochemical Properties of Pachira aquatica Seed Grown in Nigeria
Authors: Sunday Afolayan S. , Gillian Igbum, O. , John Igoli, O. , Adenike Salawu R. , Adewale Afolabi A. , Daniel Enenche E. 
Published: February 2021

The present study investigated the nutritional and phytochemical properties of seeds oils and flours from Pachira aquatica seed cultivated in Nigeria. Proximate composition and phytochemical composition were determined by standard methods while mineral content of the seed flours and oil was determined using Thermo Scientific iCAP 6200 Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES) and Agilent 7900 Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). The oil which was extracted using Soxhlet extraction method had a yield of 44.43%. The proximate composition of the flour gave carbohydrate 18.12%; moisture 9.74%; protein 19.90%; ash 4.11%; fat 44.43; fibre 3.70%; while phytochemicals showed that phenol was 4.90 mg/100 g; Tannins 0.76 mg/100g; flavonoids 0.68 mg/100 g; glycosides 17.54%; saponins 6.03% and alkaloids 10.68%. Macro-element concentrations from the seed oil and seed flour respectively were 63.55 and 10611.74 mg/Kg K; 22.38 and 628.44 mg/Kg Mg; 67.55 and 4007.86 mg/Kg P; 52.65 and 1387.00 mg/Kg Ca; 17.95 and 35.23 mg/Kg Na. Micro-elements were 4.18 mg/Kg and 24.59 mg/Kg Cu; 4.43 mg/Kg and 40.16 mg/Kg Fe; 1.50 and 9.61 mg/Kg Mn; 2.92 mg/Kg and 25.68 mg/Kg Zn; 2.74 mg/Kg and 15.40 mg/Kg Al; 0.82 ( mg/Kg103) and 2.27 ( mg/Kg103) Ni; 1.11 ( mg/Kg103) and 3.30 (mg/Kg103); 3.55 (mg/Kg103) and 17.19 (mg/Kg103) B; 0.20 (mg/Kg103) and 0.40 ( mg/Kg103) Mo; 0.01 (mg/Kg103) and 0.03 (mg/Kg103) Se.
Toxic elements recorded 0.17 and 0.85 µg/Kg Cr; 0.18 and 0.23 µg/Kg Co; 0.01 and 0.01 µg/Kg As; 0.01 and 0.02 µg/Kg Cd; and 0.09 and 0.11 µg/Kg Pb for the seed oil and seed flour respectively. The investigation showed that Pachira aquatica seed is safe and nutritious for domestic purposes and industrial applications. The energy value indicates that the seed is a good alternative source of energy and could be taken when energy given food is required as it falls within the recommended energy dietary allowances especially for children. The bioactive properties of Pachira aquatica seed shows that it has medicinal potential worth exploring for pharmacological purposes.