bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in maternal anthropometric measurements in the first postpartum month and associated factors
Authors: Aydin Beril , Yalçin S. Songül 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveMaternal anthropometry offers a rapid, inexpensive, and non‐invasive method for assessing nutritional status during pregnancy. We aimed to assess the changes in maternal anthropometric measurements in the first month after delivery and to investigate the factors associated with longitudinal changes in maternal postpartum nutritional status.DesignThis prospective longitudinal study included 147 mothers who were on the 5th postpartum day applied to outpatient clinics, from January 2018 through January 2020. Each mother completed a structured questionnaire and baseline anthropometric measurements were performed at the postpartum 5th day and re‐evaluated at the end of the first month after delivery.ParticipantsMother‐infant pairs (n = 147).ResultsAt the end of the first postpartum month, maternal body weight (relative change −5.1%, 95% CI: −5.6%;−4.6%), muscle mass ratio (−1.6%, 95% CI: −2.4%;−0.9%) and body fluid ratio (−2.4%, 95% CI: −3.1%;−1.7%) decreased, whereas fat mass ratio increased (10.3%, 95% CI: 9.0%;11.6%).There was a significant association between infants' feeding type and maternal BMI, weight, muscle mass ratio, body fluid ratio, triceps, and biceps skinfold thickness in mothers (p < .05). We also found a significant relationship between maternal smoke exposure and BMI, maternal weight, fat‐mass ratio (p < .05).ConclusionsThere are some important alterations in maternal anthropometric parameters during the postpartum period. This study will help further our understanding of the factors influencing changes in maternal body composition after delivery.
A field method for cryopreservation of whole blood from a finger prick for later analysis with flow cytometry
Authors: Blackwell Aaron D. , Garcia Angela R. , Keivanfar Ryan L. , Bay Sarah 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivesFlow cytometry is a powerful tool for investigating immune function, allowing for the quantification of leukocytes by subtype. Yet it has not been used extensively for field work due to perishable reagents and the need for immediate analysis of samples. To make flow cytometry more accessible, we devise and evaluate a field protocol for freezing capillary blood.Materials and MethodsWe collected finger prick blood samples from 110 volunteers, age 18 to 42. Blood samples were analyzed immediately for 18 cell surface markers. Aliquots of whole blood were frozen in the vapor phase of a liquid nitrogen tank with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide in medium. Samples were analyzed on a Guava EasyCyte HT flow cytometer after 2, 4, or 14 weeks.ResultsMajor lymphocyte fractions in frozen samples were correlated with fresh values (T‐cells: r = 0.82; Natural Killer [NK] cells: r = 0.64; CD4: r = 0.67; CD8: r = 0.82; Naïve CD4: r = 0.73, Naïve CD8: r = 0.71; B‐cells: r = 0.73; all p < 0.001), and mean values were similar to those from fresh samples. However, correlations for smaller subsets of CD4 and B cells were generally poor. Some differences resulted from changes in non‐specific binding for some antibody‐conjugate pairs. Cryopreservation also resulted in a reduction in granulocytes more than lymphocytes.DiscussionOur results suggest that antibody/fluorochrome combinations should be validated before use on frozen samples, and that functional changes in cells may affect some cell markers. However, this simple freezing protocol utilizing finger pricks, whole blood, and a liquid nitrogen shipping tank is viable for obtaining samples for flow cytometry under field conditions.
Production of Industrially Useful and Renewable p‐Cymene by Catalytic Dehydration and Isomerization of Perillyl Alcohol
Authors: Moser Bryan R. , Jackson Michael A. , Doll Kenneth M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe report the dehydration and isomerization of renewable perillyl alcohol to industrially useful p‐cymene in 91% yield utilizing 2.0 mol% para‐toluenesulfonic acid (pTsOH) catalyst at 110 °C as a 3.0 M solution in toluene. Lower reaction temperatures, catalyst loadings, and/or starting concentrations resulted in lower yields of p‐cymene as well as longer reaction times. Conversion of perillyl alcohol to p‐cymene yielded atom and carbon economies of 88.1% and 100% as well as an E‐factor of 2.7, thereby indicating that the process was both green and sustainable. A lower yield of 86% was observed when the reaction was performed neat, but a lower E‐factor of 0.4 indicated that neat conditions were more desirable from an environmental perspective. Application of the optimized parameters to 3.0 M solutions of dl‐limonene led predominantly to oligomerization (92%) as opposed to dehydroisomerization (5%), which was attributed to the strong Brønsted acidity of pTsOH. In addition, camphene (44%), terpinene isomers (15%), and limonene (14%) were obtained when dehydroisomerization was attempted on 3.0 M solutions of α‐ and β‐pinene, which was once again attributed to the acidity of the catalyst. Oligomerization was strongly favored when dehydroisomerization of dl‐limonene, α‐ and β‐pinene was attempted neat. In summary, synthesis of renewable p‐cymene was readily achieved from perillyl alcohol with catalytic pTsOH but competing side reactions suppressed yield when dehydroisomerization of dl‐limonene, α‐ and β‐pinene was attempted due to the strong Brønsted acidity of the catalyst.
Numerical study on combustion characteristics and heat flux distributions of 660‐MW ultra‐supercritical double‐reheat tower‐type boiler
Authors: Deng Lei , Zhang Yan , Ma Shihao , Zhu Zhengrong , Liu Hu , Belošević Srdjan , Tomanović Ivan , Che Defu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractUltra‐supercritical double‐reheat technology, as one of the most advanced coal‐fired power generation technology, is an important direction for emission reduction and energy saving in the world. In this study, the numerical calculation was executed in a 660‐MW ultra‐supercritical double‐reheat tower‐type boiler under deep‐air‐staging conditions. The refined HCN oxidation model was adopted to substitute the default model implemented by the user‐defined functions to calculate the NOx emission. The influences of the boiler load, over‐fire air (OFA) ratio, and excess air coefficient on temperature, species, and heat flux distributions were investigated. Results show that the decrement of the boiler load from boiler maximum continuous rating to 50% turbine heat acceptance gives rise to an increase of NOx emission. The heat flux distributions along with the furnace width direction present bell shaped. When the OFA ratio rises from 17% to 43%, NOx emission descends from 357.7 to 179.3 mg m−3 at the furnace outlet, and the heat flux distributions become more uniform along with the furnace width direction with lower peaks. Temperatures, species, and heat flux distributions are similar under the three different excess air coefficients. The NOx emission is the lowest when the excess air coefficient is 1.15. The results could provide a reference for combustion characteristics optimization and hydrodynamic calculation of ultra‐supercritical double‐reheat tower‐type boiler.
Novel amphoteric ion exchange membranes by blending sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) with ammonium polyphosphate for vanadium redox flow battery applications
Authors: Wang Gang , Zhang Miaomiao , He Zhenhua , Zhang Jie , Chen Jinwei , Wang Ruilin , Teng Aijun , Dai Yu 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA novel amphoteric ion exchange membrane for vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) was explored by blending sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP). The high‐stability flame retardant of cross‐linked APP with a large number of NH4+ groups was first introduced into SPEEK membrane. It was observed that the addition of APP with special structure could achieve a good balance between proton conductivity and vanadium ions permeability. The abundant NH4+ in APP could block the penetration of vanadium ions by Donnan/Manning exclusion effect and ionic crossing networks due to the ionic bonds between cation and anion groups, and specially a small amount of APP within 5% could remarkably improve the proton conductivity of pristine SPEEK membrane might be ascribed to the unique fast proton transport channels formed by hydrogen bond networks and particular micro‐phase separation as a result of interaction between SPEEK and APP. When 5% APP was blended, the SPEEK/APP‐5% (S/APP‐5%) amphoteric membrane showed a higher selectivity of 20.87 × 104 S min/cm3 (with a good proton conductivity of 0.075 S/cm and a lower VO2+ permeability of 3.45 × 10−7 cm2/ min) and presented better thermal and chemical stability compared to Nafion115 and SPEEK membranes. The VRFB single cell assembled with S/APP‐5% amphoteric membrane exhibited more excellent performance than that of Nafion115 and pristine SPEEK membranes, which revealed a higher coulombic efficiency of 96.3%–98.3%, comparable voltage efficiency of 88.4%–78.7% and higher energy efficiency of 85.1%–77.4% from 40 to 80 mA/cm2, respectively, and showed relatively good stability of the efficiency up to 50 cycles at 60 mA/cm2. The results demonstrated that the designed S/APP amphiprotic membrane of outstanding selectivity, high battery efficiency, and good durability is a prospected VRFB separator.
Novel potential yeast strains for the biotechnological production of xylitol from sugarcane bagasse
Authors: Palladino Fernanda , Rodrigues Rita C L B , Cadete Raquel M , Barros Katharina O , Rosa Carlos A 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to screen the xylitol‐producing strains of Cyberlindnera xylosilytica and Wickerhamomyces rabaulensis for the bioconversion of the hemicellulosic fraction of sugarcane bagasse. Among the 16 strains tested, two of each species (C. xylosilytica UFMG‐CM‐Y309 and UFMG‐CM‐Y409, and W. rabaulensis UFMG‐CM‐Y3716 and UFMG‐CM‐Y3747) were selected on the basis of xylitol yield (Yp/s) and xylitol volumetric productivity (Qp) in YPX broth (yeast extract, 10 g L−1; peptone, 20 g L−1; and d‐xylose, 60 g L−1). These strains were cultivated in sugarcane bagasse hemicellulosic hydrolysate (SCHH) supplemented with ammonium sulfate, rice bran extract, and yeast extract. The xylitol yield was the highest in the strain C. xylosilytica UFMG‐CM‐Y‐309 with a production of 14.06 g L−1; xylitol yield, 0.63 g g−1; xylitol volumetric productivity, 0.20 g L−1 h−1. Xylitol yields ranged from 14% to 74% above those of other xylitol‐production yeast species. This work demonstrates the potential of biotechnological application of these yeasts for xylitol production. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Gender differences in decision‐making: The effects of gender stereotype threat moderated by sensitivity to punishment and fear of negative evaluation
Authors: Villanueva‐Moya Laura , Expósito Francisca 
Published: February 2021

AbstractResearch has demonstrated gender differences in the decision‐making process, showing that women make more disadvantageous risk decisions than men. However, these differences have not been examined in terms of psychosocial or socio‐structural variables, such as the gender stereotype threat. We conducted an experimental study (Ns = 105) to test the well‐established stereotype threat effect on decision‐making through the Iowa Gambling Task and the possible moderation of this effect by sensitivity to punishment and fear of negative evaluation. The results revealed that women under a stereotype threat condition make more disadvantageous risk decisions than men in the same conditions or women in the nonstereotype threat condition. Moreover, women greatly fearing negative evaluation seemed to make more disadvantageous risk decisions compared with other groups. These findings highlight the relevance of psychosocial variables that legitimize gender inequality, such as the stereotype threat and fear of negative evaluation, in women's decision‐making process.
Prepregnancy body mass index and spina bifida: Potential contributions of bias
Authors: Johnson Candice Y. , Honein Margaret A. , Rasmussen Sonja A. , Howards Penelope P. , Strickland Matthew J. , Flanders W. Dana ,   The National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundEpidemiologists have consistently observed associations between prepregnancy obesity and spina bifida in offspring. Most studies, however, used self‐reported body mass index (potential for exposure misclassification) and incompletely ascertained cases of spina bifida among terminations of pregnancy (potential for selection bias). We conducted a quantitative bias analysis to explore the potential effects of these biases on study results.MethodsWe included 808 mothers of fetuses or infants with spina bifida (case mothers) and 7,685 mothers of infants without birth defects (control mothers) from a population‐based case–control study, the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (1997–2011). First, we performed a conventional epidemiologic analysis, adjusting for potential confounders using logistic regression. Then, we used 5,000 iterations of probabilistic bias analysis to adjust for the combination of confounding, exposure misclassification, and selection bias.ResultsIn the conventional confounding‐adjusted analysis, prepregnancy obesity was associated with spina bifida (odds ratio 1.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.2, 1.7). In the probabilistic bias analysis, we tested nine different models for the combined effects of confounding, exposure misclassification, and selection bias. Results were consistent with a weak to moderate association between prepregnancy obesity and spina bifida, with the median odds ratios across the nine models ranging from 1.1 to 1.4.ConclusionsGiven our assumptions about the occurrence of bias in the study, our results suggest that exposure misclassification, selection bias, and confounding do not completely explain the association between prepregnancy obesity and spina bifida.
Controlled synthesis and upconversion luminescence properties of highly uniform and monodisperse β‐NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ nanocrystals
Authors: Zhu Ming , Nawaz Muhammad Azhar Hayat , Niu Niu , Ren Jia , Liu Ning , Yu Cong , Li Yunhui 
Published: February 2021

AbstractYtterbium, thulium (Yb3+,Tm3+) co‐doped β‐NaYF4 upconversion nanocrystals (U‐NCs) were synthesized by a convenient hydrothermal method using sodium citrate as a capping agent. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that NCs phase structures were dependent on reaction time. Field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that the morphology of U‐NCs could be controlled by adjusting the concentration of sodium citrate added in the hydrothermal reaction. Moreover, the emission spectra of the U‐NCs were investigated to evaluate upconversion efficiency. Strong luminescence intensity of the U‐NCs was observed after tuned with optimized concentration of sodium citrate. Furthermore, the U‐NCs were incubated with MCF‐7 cells at 37°C for 24 h. Under irradiation of a 980 nm laser, the upconversion blue emission of the NCs in MCF‐7 cells can be clearly observed through a confocal microscope with an upconversion imaging system and high quality upconversion luminescence images can be acquired. Thus, prepared β‐NaYF4:Yb3+,Tm3+ NCs provide us with highly efficient luminescent probes which can be applied for diverse bio‐applications.
Leveraging STARA competencies and green creativity to boost green organisational innovative evidence: A praxis for sustainable development
Authors: Ogbeibu Samuel , Jabbour Charbel Jose Chiappetta , Gaskin James , Senadjki Abdelhak , Hughes Mathew 
Published: February 2021

AbstractRadical technological advancements and the relentless progression of climate change compel organisations to ensure their workforce consistently exercise their creativity toward innovative green initiatives. These endeavours are essential to achieve the United Nations' (UN) sustainable development goals (SDGs). To do so, organisations require competencies fundamental to smart technologies, artificial intelligence, robotics and algorithms (STARA). STARA competencies are relevant for leaders to bolster green organisational innovative evidence (GOIE). GOIE can help to attract potential investors keen on advancing the UN's SDG agenda on environmental sustainability. However, eclipsed by a volatile environment, and despite the green innovation potential of several manufacturing organisations, investors are reluctant to invest and commit funds without evidence of green innovation. We therefore, investigate how leader STARA competence (LSC), green creativity components (task motivation, creativity skills and expertise) and environmental dynamism can aid organisations to boost their GOIE. Our key findings are as follows: (a) though green task motivation shows a stronger association with green creativity skills, LSC has a large influence on green creativity skills; (b) green creativity skills exert a strong influence on GOIE while also playing a competitive and complimentary mediating role in our model and (c) environmental dynamism is negatively associated with green creativity skills and GOIE. Furthermore, to validate indirect (v) effects size in mediation analysis, we propose a new and more approachable benchmark for v effect size estimations. Organisational and environmental policy implications are discussed.
Gender Differences among Commercially Sexually Exploited Youth in Israel
Authors: Shilo Guy , Preis Heidi , Peled Einat 
Published: February 2021

Research on commercial sexual exploitation (COMSE) of youth tends to focus on young females as victims, and much less is known about male and transgender commercially sexually exploited youth (COMSEY). Understanding the psychosocial background and past COMSE experiences among COMSEY is important to provide support for gender‐specific or gender‐inclusive interventions for COMSEY. The study included 57 cisgender females, 40 males and 23 transgender females who received services from a multi‐module programme for COMSEY in Israel. Case managers provided data on the youth regarding background characteristics, health variables and COMSE experiences prior to entering the service. The youth had similar rates in most psychosocial background characteristics, including being a victim of abuse. Cisgender females were less likely than cisgender males and transgender females to be from an ethnic minority and more likely to have been in out‐of‐home placement. Past experiences of COMSE were also similar between genders, though cisgender females were less involved in street prostitution and more likely to have been sexually abused during COMSE. The findings provide support for a gender‐inclusive approach to intervention with COMSEY and call for re‐consideration of present gender‐specific interventions in this domain. Further research on intervention with COMSEY is needed, specifically regarding male and transgender COMSEY.‘The study included 57 cisgender females, 40 males and 23 transgender females who received services from a multi‐module programme for COMSEY in Israel’Key Practitioner Messages

Youth who sell or swap sex have troubled pasts, regardless of their gender.
There are more similarities than differences in psychosocial backgrounds and past sexual exploitation experiences between cisgender females, cisgender males and transgender females.
Empirical evidence to support the need for gender‐specific intervention was not demonstrated among these youth.
Gender‐inclusive interventions may be an appropriate approach and will promote access to treatment for all commercially exploited youth.
Remote ischemic conditioning: Feeling the squeeze
Authors: Flood Shane , Abbott J. Dawn 
Published: February 2021

Key Points
Adjunctive strategies to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) that limit infarct size represent an unmet clinical need.
The ability of remote ischemic conditioning to improve clinical outcomes in acute myocardial infarction treated with pPCI is not supported by clinical trials.
The current study is consistent and found no improvement in myocardial salvage index by MRI at 6 months in patients with pPCI for anterior STEMI randomized to remote ischemic per‐postconditioning versus sham.
Women and transcatheter aortic valve implantation: Also a mismatch could be tomorrow's best match
Authors: Saia Francesco 
Published: February 2021

Key Points
What the article teaches. Patient prosthesis mismatch (PPM) occurs in a third of women after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), in association with small valve size and higher BMI, apparently without short‐term clinical consequences.
How it will impact practice. Implementation strategies to minimize the incidence of PPM in patients at risk, that are mainly women, is important.
What new research/study would help answer the question posed. Differential clinical impact of PPM on TAVR and surgical aortic valve replacement should be further investigated, as well as the hypothesis that TAVR might represent the best therapeutic option for women with severe aortic stenosis.
Revascularization in patients with diabetes and chronic total occlusion: The journey or the destination?
Authors: Razzouk Louai , Jneid Hani 
Published: February 2021

Key Points
Diabetic patients have higher rates of multivessel coronary artery disease with a chronic total occlusion (CTO).
Medical therapy is associated with worse outcomes compared to surgical revascularization and successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in diabetic patients with CTO.
Coronary artery bypass graft surgery achieves more complete revascularization compared to PCI, and appears to impart superior outcomes in diabetic patients with CTO. Improving CTO revascularization techniques and outcomes may bridge this disparity in outcomes.
Acute ischemic stroke and the acute need for expansion of stroke teams and their membership
Authors: Andress Krystof , Moliterno David J. 
Published: February 2021

Key Points
This database review of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) receiving endovascular stroke therapy (EST) revealed an encouraging increase in the number of procedures performed between 2015 and 2019.
However, given the likely low proportion of patients with large‐vessel‐occlusion AIS who receive EST, there is still a significant unmet need.
Given the urgent nature of AIS and lack of neurointerventionalists at some community hospitals, creation and expansion of stroke teams to include appropriately trained interventional cardiologists could improve time‐to‐treatment metrics and outcomes.
Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn – An atypical case with typical complications
Authors: Lorenzo Cristina , Romana Andreia , Matias Joana , Calhau Paulo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSubcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn should be considered in newborns with suggestive skin lesions, even in the absence of perinatal distress. SCFN may cause long‐standing complications, like hypertriglyceridemia or hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia can be refractory to therapy and lead to poor weight gain and nephrocalcinosis, which should be closely monitored.