bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexible Thermoelectric Active Cooling Garment to Combat Extreme Heat
Authors: Feng Tianshi , Wang Jiedong , Sun Ethan , Di Buono Antonio , Chen Renkun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWith the increasing frequency, intensity, and duration of extreme heat events due to climate change, heat‐related diseases or even mortality have become more prevalent. An efficient personal cooling strategy can mitigate heat stress by regulating the skin temperature within the thermal comfort zone. However, lightweight, wearable, and sustainable cooling garments are unavailable today. Here, the study develops a thermoelectric device (TED)‐based cooling garment and demonstrates its effectiveness in active personal cooling. The garment is shown to maintain the skin temperature within its thermal comfort zone in a hot environment of up to 40 °C under mild forced convection conditions (air flow speed of 2.2 m s−1). Furthermore, the study demonstrates a portable cooling system with less than 700 grams of total weight, which includes the TED‐based garment, a battery pack, and a temperature controller. The system showed long‐term cooling on the skin with varying ambient temperatures from 35 to 40 °C. With the advantages of lightweight, flexible, controllable, and long‐term effective cooling, the TED cooling garments described in this work can contribute to enhanced health and comfort in an increasingly hotter climate.
Highly Stretchable LED Display Using Liquid Metal and Molybdenum‐Barriered Multilayer Electrodes with Long‐Term Reliability
Authors: Miyakawa Masashi , Tsuji Hiroshi , Takei Tatsuya , Yamamoto Toshihiro , Fujisaki Yoshihide , Nakata Mitsuru 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPromising freeform deformable displays require highly stretchable interconnection lines and reliable, low‐resistance connections. To this end, a stretchable light‐emitting diode (LED) display with a molybdenum‐barriered multilayer electrode using liquid metal (LM) alloys with high reliability and stretchability under repeated deformations of 12 000 times and long‐term stability over 300 days is introduced. The developed multilayer‐stacked electrode shows consistent and stable stretchable electrical connections with long‐term reliability, even under continuous mechanical deformation. Thus, the developed display with micro‐ or mini‐LED components can be deformed, such as domes and twice folding like a handkerchief. Highly stretchable LM fine lines are developed by printing directly onto the acrylic adhesive layer, which enables high stretchability even under 100% uniaxial strain with a 100 µm narrow width. The stretchable display technology has successfully realized form‐free displays that flexibly deform into 3D shapes for advanced wearable and freeform applications.
Porphyrin‐framed PAF Based Single‐Ion Lithium Salt Boosting Quasi Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Battery Performance at Low Temperatures
Authors: Yu Mengxuan , Liu Yuhan , Wang Liying , Cui Fengchao , Liu Baijun , Hu Wei , Lu Yunfeng , Zhu Guangshan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe unsatisfactory electrochemical performance of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) at low temperatures limits their application in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs).In this study, a single‐ion lithium salt based on a porous aromatic framework (PAF‐322‐Li) with porphyrin moiety capable of restricting bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anion (TFSI−) and thus facilitating the Li+ migration is designed and prepared, which is then compounded with polyethylene oxide (PEO) and lithium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)azanide (LiTFSI) to obtain a single‐ion SPE with a transfer number (tLi+) of 0.85 (PEO/PAF‐322‐Li) and a high ionic conductivity of 0.088 mS cm−1 at −20 °C. The charge/discharge test of the LIB assembled with PEO/PAF‐322‐Li is conducted at −20 °C, 0.2 C, and the initial discharge capacity is 119 mAh g−1, which can be stably cycled 400 times with a capacity retention rate of 86.5%. The PAF‐322‐Li helped form 3D Li+ transport channels through the π‐conjugation between Li+ and a large number of Lewis basic porphyrin moieties, which synergized with the PEO to transport Li+ efficiently, especially at low temperatures. Furthermore, the PAF‐322‐Li effectively inhibits the anion migration in SPEs, reducing the concentration polarization and inhibiting the lithium dendrite growth, which is helpful for the long and stable cycling performance of LIBs. This advancement paves the way for expanded applications of LIBs in cold regions.
Sulfur Removal From Low‐Grade Turkish Kaolin Clay
Authors: Erkan Ilker , Alp Ibrahim 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the effects of NaOH direct leaching for sulfur removal from a kaolin ore from the Balıkesir region, Turkey. Characterization studies were undertaken before sulfur removal studies to enlighten the structure and originate the source of sulfur. The characterization studies revealed that the ore was mainly composed of quartz, with sulfur originating from alunite minerals with opal inclusions. The leaching process was tested under varying NaOH concentrations (1.5–2 M), temperatures (95 ± 2°C), and durations (2 h) in temperature‐controlled closed systems to maintain consistency. Results demonstrated complete (100%) sulfur removal from alunite under optimal conditions. However, significant mass losses (18.15%–45%) occurred because of the dissolution of kaolinite along with alunite, indicating the method's effectiveness in sulfur removal but also its potential drawbacks for kaolinite retention.
Urban Heat Load in a Small Mediterranean City in Recent, Extreme and Future Climate Conditions—A Case Study for the City of Dubrovnik
Authors: Boras Marijana , Herceg‐Bulić Ivana , Žgela Matej 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis article examines the urban heat load (UHL) of Dubrovnik, a small Mediterranean city located in the complex terrain of the eastern Adriatic coast. In the study, the characteristics of the UHL are investigated in three special scenarios that mimic the different climate conditions: the recent climate (1981–2010), the hypothetical extreme climate (consisting of the 10 years with the hottest summers in the period 1961–2021) and the future climate (2041–2070) according to the RCP4.5 scenario. The UHL is quantified in terms of climate indices with fixed thresholds, defined as the annual number of days on which the daily minimum or maximum temperature exceeds certain thresholds. The analysis was carried out using the microscale urban climate model MUKLIMO_3. In addition, the potential benefits of certain measures to reduce UHL were investigated. In relation to the recent climate, the results show an increase in the amplitude of UHL under extreme and future climate conditions, with the UHL being strongest under the projected future climate conditions. In all three scenarios, the UHL is the highest in the built‐up parts of the city. However, a strong increase in UHL is obtained in the green parts of the domain indicating a possible reduction in the cooling capacity of green areas under warmer climate conditions. Applied land use/land cover (LULC) changes of the model area, which include changes in the albedo of roofs, the proportion of low vegetation, impervious surfaces and built‐up areas, have some influence on the reduction of UHL, but their effect is quite weak and mostly local. The greatest effect on reducing diurnal UHL is achieved by changing albedo, while the most effective reduction in nocturnal UHL is achieved by a combination of changes in albedo, the proportion of low vegetation, impervious surfaces and built‐up areas. Considering the relatively weak cooling effect of the LULC modifications and the potential reduction in vegetation efficiency under warmer climate conditions as well as the expected increase in heatwaves, it is likely that Dubrovnik will suffer from extremely high UHL in the future.
Synthesis of Amino Acid‐Based Aromatic Poly(Ester Urea)s Using 4‐Hydroxycinnamic Acid‐Derived Diols
Authors: Tekleab Ghezae , Klok Harm‐Anton 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAmino acid‐based poly(ester urea)s are an attractive class of polymers that are of interest for a variety of biomedical applications. Generally, amino acid‐based poly(ester urea)s are prepared by polymerization of diamines, which are obtained from the corresponding amino acids and aliphatic diols. This article presents an alternative synthetic strategy that uses diamine monomers obtained from aromatic, 4‐hydroxycinnamic acid‐derived diols. A library of structurally related diamine monomers has been prepared by coupling l‐leucine to 4‐hydroxycinnamic acid‐based diols that incorporate alkyl spacers of different lengths. The exploration of 4‐hydroxycinnamic acid as a building block is interesting as it can be obtained from various biological resources, such as for example lignin, and thus provides an opportunity to take advantage of (under‐utilized) bio‐based renewables for the design of new polymer materials. These diamine monomers can be copolymerized in a solvent‐free, one‐pot, two‐step process using dimethyl carbonate as an environmentally sustainable reagent to afford amino acid‐based aromatic poly(ester urea) homo‐ and copolymers with thermal properties that can be tuned by varying the chemical structure of the diamine monomer, or via copolymerization of two different monomers.
Predicting early stage lung cancer recurrence and survival from combined tumor motion amplitude and radiomics on free‐breathing 4D‐CT
Authors: Ouraou Emilie , Tonneau Marion , Le William T. , Filion Edith , Campeau Marie‐Pierre , Vu Toni , Doucet Robert , Bahig Houda , Kadoury Samuel 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundCancer control outcomes of lung cancer are hypothesized to be affected by several confounding factors, including tumor heterogeneity and patient history, which have been hypothesized to mitigate the dose delivery effectiveness when treated with radiation therapy. Providing an accurate predictive model to identify patients at risk would enable tailored follow‐up strategies during treatment.PurposeOur goal is to demonstrate the added prognostic value of including tumor displacement amplitude in a predictive model that combines clinical features and computed tomography (CT) radiomics for 2‐year recurrence and survival in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with curative‐intent stereotactic body radiation therapy.MethodsA cohort of 381 patients treated for primary lung cancer with radiotherapy was collected, each including a planning CT with a dosimetry plan, 4D‐CT, and clinical information. From this cohort, 101 patients (26.5%) experienced cancer progression (locoregional/distant metastasis) or death within 2 years of the end of treatment. Imaging data was analyzed for radiomics features from the tumor segmented image, as well as tumor motion amplitude measured on 4D‐CT. A random forest (RF) model was developed to predict the overall outcomes, which was compared to three other approaches — logistic regression, support vector machine, and convolutional neural networks.ResultsA 6‐fold cross‐validation study yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 72% for progression‐free survival when combining clinical data with radiomics features and tumor motion using a RF model (72% sensitivity and 81% specificity). The combined model showed significant improvement compared to standard clinical data. Model performances for loco‐regional recurrence and overall survival sub‐outcomes were established at 73% and 70%, respectively. No comparative methods reached statistical significance in any data configuration.ConclusionsCombined tumor respiratory motion and radiomics features from planning CT showed promising predictive value for 2‐year tumor control and survival, indicating the potential need for improving motion management strategies in future studies using machine learning‐based prognosis models.
Monitoring Fusarium toxins from barley to malt: Targeted inoculation with Fusarium culmorum
Authors: Biehl Eva Maria , Schneidemann-Bostelmann Sarah , Hoheneder Felix , Asam Stefan , Hückelhoven Ralph , Rychlik Michael 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Molds of the genus Fusarium infect nearly all types of grain, causing significant yield and quality losses. Many species of this genus produce mycotoxins, which pose significant risks to human and animal health. In beer production, the complex interaction between primary fungal metabolites and secondarily modified mycotoxins in barley, malt, and beer complicates the situation, highlighting the need for effective analytical methods to quickly and accurately monitor these toxins. We developed and validated a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method to simultaneously analyze 14 Fusarium toxins, including modified forms (deoxynivalenol (DON), DON-3-glucoside, 3-acetyl-DON, 15-acetyl-DON, nivalenol, fusarenone X, HT-2 toxin, T-2 toxin, the enniatins A, A1, B, B1, beauvericin, and zearalenone) in barley and throughout the malting process. Stable isotope dilution assays (SIDAs) and matrix-matched calibration were used for quantification. A micro-malting setup was established to produce Fusarium-contaminated barley malt under reproducible conditions using targeted inoculation with F. culmorum. Mycotoxins were quantified throughout the malting process and compared to the content of fungal DNA. Further, the impact of various malting parameters was investigated, thus revealing that different malting scenarios exhibited different toxin enrichment patterns. We demonstrated that mycotoxin concentration and the ratio of DON to DON-3-glucoside changed throughout the malting processes, depending on fungal spore concentrations, germination temperature, and malting temperature. The study highlights the complexity of mycotoxin dynamics in malt production and the importance of optimized processing conditions to minimize toxin levels in final malt products.
Assessing seismic performance of mid-rise reinforced concrete buildings using fragility curves
Authors: Naiel Ahmed , Hanna Nagy , Lotfy Ibrahim 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper focuses on the seismic fragility assessment of mid-rise reinforced concrete (RC) residential buildings in Cairo, Egypt. Structural safety is assessed by utilizing the damage that could occur to main components, such as columns and shear walls, and consequently, their failure that may lead to progressive (or partial) collapse of structures under extreme dynamic loads. Behaviors of mid-rise reinforced concrete (RC) buildings, which are designed in accordance with the Egyptian standards, are assessed analytically under the action of seismic loads. As such, non-linear time-history analyses (NLTHA), in addition to pushover analyses, were carried out on three (RC) frames with different number of stories varying from six to ten floors. In addition, fragility curves were developed in order to illustrate the probability of exceeding structural damage due to earthquakes as a function of ground motion indices. The lateral response of previously mentioned (RC) frames are evaluated by utilizing more than eighteen hundred NLTHA considering ten different earthquake records with fourteen peak ground acceleration in addition to the Egyptian response spectrum analysis. The output of this research includes roof drift and base shear histories, which are converted to damage in beams and columns in accordance with FEMA-356 guidelines. Based on statistics and probability distribution functions for the obtained results, fragility curves were then developed, which can be used as an effective tool for planning and implementing retrofit schemes, modifications to codified seismic provisions, seismic mitigation strategies, and for insurance-related applications.
To use or not to use: exploring the ethical implications of using generative AI in academic writing
Authors: Rentier Eline S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe rapid emergence of open-access generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has sparked a heated debate with polarising views on whether or not it is ethical to use GenAI for academic writing. In this commentary, I explore the ethical implications of using GenAI in academic writing. I provide an overview of how GenAI works as a probabilistic model and what the limitations are, such as generating incorrect or entirely made-up information. I raise concerns about bias, misinformation, plagiarism, inequity of access and monetisation of knowledge and discuss how this implicates ethical values regarding plagiarism and research integrity. Despite these issues, I also acknowledge the potential of GenAI to advance academic writing by aiding in tasks like structuring text and summarising large bodies of information. I emphasise the need to be transparent about the use of GenAI and call for an open discussion on this contentious, yet important, topic.
DIRECTIONAL NEURITE OUTGROWTH AND AXONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF EMBRYONIC HIPPOCAMPAL NEURONS ARE PROMOTED BY A NEURITE OUTGROWTH DOMAIN OF THE B2‐CHAIN OF LAMININ
Authors: Matsuzawa Mieko , Weight Forrest F. , Potember Richard S. , Liesi Päivi 
Published: July 2002

AbstractMolecular cues involved in directional neurite outgrowth and axonal differentiation of embryonic hippocampal neurons were studied on substrates coated in a striped 5 μm pattern with synthetic peptides from a neurite outgrowth (RDIAEIIKDI, P1543) and cell attachment (CDPGYIGSR, P364) domain of the B2‐ and B1‐chains of laminin, respectively. Both peptides supported neuronal attachment, but only the B2‐chain‐derived P1543 promoted expression of a mature neuronal phenotype. Directional neurite outgrowth and axonal differentiation of embryonic hippocampal neurons were selectively induced by striped substrates of the B2‐chain‐derived P1543. Axonal differentiation was determined by expression of a phosphorylated epitope of the 200 kDa neurofilament protein in the longer “axonal” neurite of the bipolar embryonic hippocampal neurons. Ethanol (100 mM), a neuroactive compound known to delay neuronal development, impaired both directional neurite outgrowth and expression of a phosphorylated epitope of the 200 kDa neurofilament protein on a patterned P1543 substratum. The present results provide direct evidence that a 10 amino acid peptide (P1543), derived from a neurite outgrowth domain of the B2‐chain of laminin, may be an axonal guidance and differentiation factor for embryonic hippocampal neurons in vitro.
Treatment guidelines for depression in pregnancy
Authors: Marcus S.M , Barry K.L , Flynn H.A , Tandon R , Greden J.F 
Published: July 2002

AbstractDepression is a ubiquitous disorder in childbearing women with up to 10% of women experiencing depression in pregnancy. Postpartum depression occurs in 12–16% of pregnancies making it a common complication. Moreover, these illnesses are frequently underdiagnosed in obstetric settings, and a recent report of the Surgeon General's Office confirms that many women do not access services, or receive treatment of inadequate intensity or duration. This paper provides current treatment guidelines to aid in appropriate diagnosis and treatment of depression in pregnancy and postpartum. Review of current literature on psychotropic medication use in pregnancy is also provided.
The production performance benefits from JIT implementation
Authors: Fullerton Rosemary R , McWatters Cheryl S 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe intense competition in the current marketplace has forced firms to reexamine their methods of doing business. The US manufacturers have struggled with growing trade deficits and outsourced operations, while strong market competitors have emerged, using superior manufacturing practices in the form of just‐in‐time (JIT) and continuous process improvement. Although proponents cite the many benefits of JIT adoption, its implementation rate in the US has been relatively conservative. This study uses survey responses from executives at 95 JIT‐practicing firms to better understand the benefits that firms have experienced through JIT adoption, and whether a more comprehensive implementation is worthwhile. The research results demonstrate that implementing the quality, continuous improvement, and waste reduction practices embodied in the JIT philosophy can enhance firm competitiveness. JIT implementation improves performance through lower inventory levels, reduced quality costs, and greater customer responsiveness. This study indicates that JIT is a vital manufacturing strategy to build and sustain competitive advantage.
Integrating environmental issues into the mainstream: an agenda for research in operations management
Authors: Angell Linda C , Klassen Robert D 
Published: July 2002

AbstractResearch related to the natural environment in operations management is still in its infancy. The relatively few studies to date have primarily emphasized environmental issues relating to process technologies, quality, new product development, and supply chain management. This paper reports on the work of a focus group of environmental and operations management researchers, which generated a broad framework useful for identifying fruitful research opportunities. This framework is structured along two dimensions: level of analysis and process of environmental improvement. Research areas identified by the focus group to be most promising subsequently were mapped onto this framework. Strong opportunities for building our understanding of environmental issues and improving practice are evident in the areas of manufacturing strategy, quality, supply chain management, and technology management. Research on intra‐ and inter‐firm diffusion of best practices, environmental technology investment and transfer, and measurement of environmental performance promises to lead to a more integrative view of environmental operations management.