bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19 in pregnant women and children: Insights on clinical manifestations, complexities, and pathogenesis
Authors: Meyyazhagan Arun , Pushparaj Karthika , Balasubramanian Balamuralikrishnan , Kuchi Bhotla Haripriya , Pappusamy Manikantan , Arumugam Vijaya Anand , Easwaran Murugesh , Pottail Lalitha , Mani Poonkothai , Tsibizova Valentina , Di Renzo Gian Carlo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPregnancy changes the body's immune system to counteract the spectrum of infections, including COVID‐19, which can pose complications. Pregnant women are less likely to contract COVID‐19 infections than the general public. However, pregnant women are at slightly increased risk of becoming severely unwell if they do catch COVID‐19, and congenital conditions in pregnant women may worsen the state of infection and lead to critical stages and even mortality. The possibility of vertical transmission has been reported in only a few cases of COVID‐19; however, it was not noted in cases of SARS and MERS. Vaccination coverage in pregnant women remains a challenge. Children are the next suspected and vulnerable population to acquire infection after the first and second waves. Children are disproportionately infected compared with older populations, but the severity of infection is less compared to adults. This review highlights the complexities of COVID‐19 in pregnant women and the underlying reasons why children tend to be comparatively less severely affected. Ethnicity, nutrition, lifestyle, and therapeutics influence the severity of infection in children. Low expression of angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 receptors, indigenous virus competence, and maternal immunity is the first‐line defense for children against COVID‐19. Habituating herbal medicines from childhood may help support a robust and defensive immune system to counteract novel antigens and encourage healthy generations.
Systematic review of the safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness of COVID‐19 vaccines in pregnant and lactating individuals and their infants
Authors: Fu Winnie , Sivajohan Brintha , McClymont Elisabeth , Albert Arianne , Elwood Chelsea , Ogilvie Gina , Money Deborah 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThere is significant risk of complications and vulnerability to severe COVID‐19 disease in pregnancy, yet hesitancy exists around COVID‐19 vaccination during pregnancy and lactation.ObjectiveTo summarize the safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness of COVID‐19 vaccines in pregnancy and lactation.Search strategyA systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, medRxiv, and bioRxiv.Selection criteriaIdentified original studies published on pregnant and/or lactating individuals who received one or more doses of a COVID‐19 vaccine.Data collection and analysisA descriptive summary organized by safety, immunogenicity, and effectiveness outcomes of COVID‐19 vaccination in pregnancy and lactation.Main resultsIn total, 23 studies were identified. Humoral response and functional immunity were interrogated and found. Increasing placental transfer ratios in cord blood were associated with increasing time from the first vaccine dose to delivery. Safety data indicated that pregnant and lactating populations experienced vaccine‐related reactions at similar rates to the general population. No increased risk of adverse obstetrical or neonatal outcomes were reported. One study demonstrated that pregnant individuals were less likely to experience COVID‐19 when vaccinated.ConclusionCOVID‐19 vaccination in pregnant and lactating individuals is immunogenic, does not cause significant vaccine‐related adverse events or obstetrical and neonatal outcomes, and is effective in preventing COVID‐19 disease.
Lessening of the pervasiveness of interpersonal patterns in borderline personality disorder explains symptom decrease after treatment: A process analysis
Authors: Kramer Ueli , Beuchat Hélène , Grandjean Loris , Seragnoli Federico , Djillali Slimane , Choffat Chloe , George Elisa , Despland Jean‐Nicolas , Kolly Stéphane , de Roten Yves 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundProblematic interpersonal patterns, as defined by the core conflictual relationship theme (CCRT) method, are part of the clinical presentation of clients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). So far, we do not know whether the pervasiveness of interpersonal patterns changes and if this change explains therapy outcome.MethodsIn a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial on a brief version of psychiatric treatment for BPD, a treatment with a psychodynamic focus, the present study included N = 39 clients. One early session and one late session of the treatment were transcribed and analyzed using the CCRT method.ResultsIt appeared that pervasiveness of the predominant CCRT decreased over the course of the brief treatment; this effect was robust across treatment conditions. Change in pervasiveness in any CCRT component explained a small portion of variance of the decrease in borderline symptoms observed at the end of treatment.DiscussionLessening of pervasiveness of problematic in‐session interpersonal patterns may be hypothesized as potential mechanism of effective treatment for BPD which should be tested in controlled designs.
Clinicopathologic models predicting non‐sentinel lymph node metastasis in cutaneous melanoma patients: Are they useful for patients with a single positive sentinel node?
Authors: Rentroia‐Pacheco Barbara , Tjien‐Fooh Félicia J. , Quattrocchi Enrica , Kobic Ajdin , Wever Renske , Bellomo Domenico , Meves Alexander , Hieken Tina J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesOf clinically node‐negative (cN0) cutaneous melanoma patients with sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis, between 10% and 30% harbor additional metastases in non‐sentinel lymph nodes (NSLNs). Approximately 80% of SLN‐positive patients have a single positive SLN.MethodsTo assess whether state‐of‐the‐art clinicopathologic models predicting NSLN metastasis had adequate performance, we studied a single‐institution cohort of 143 patients with cN0 SLN‐positive primary melanoma who underwent subsequent completion lymph node dissection. We used sensitivity (SE) and positive predictive value (PPV) to characterize the ability of the models to identify patients at high risk for NSLN disease.ResultsAcross Stage III patients, all clinicopathologic models tested had comparable performances. The best performing model identified 52% of NSLN‐positive patients (SE = 52%, PPV = 37%). However, for the single SLN‐positive subgroup (78% of cohort), none of the models identified high‐risk patients (SE > 20%, PPV > 20%) irrespective of the chosen probability threshold used to define the binary risk labels. Thus, we designed a new model to identify high‐risk patients with a single positive SLN, which achieved a sensitivity of 49% (PPV = 26%).ConclusionFor the largest SLN‐positive subgroup, those with a single positive SLN, current model performance is inadequate. New approaches are needed to better estimate nodal disease burden of these patients.
Hsa‐miR‐335 enhances cell migration and invasion in lung adenocarcinoma through targeting Copine‐1
Authors: Wang Yang , Zhang Jing , Zhong Li‐Ye , Huang Shang‐Jia , Yu Nan‐Nan , Ouyang Lan , Niu Yu‐Long , Chen Jun‐Xiong , Lu Chun‐Hua , He Qing‐Yu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLung adenocarcinoma (LAC) is one of the most common pulmonary adenocarcinomas with a high peak of mortality, and metastasis is the main culprit of LAC deaths. microRNAs play important role in cancer metastasis, and thus are regarded as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for human cancers. However, many miRNAs exhibit dual roles in diverse cellular contexts. Here, we revealed that hsa‐miR‐335, a previously reported tumor suppressor, exhibited an oncogenic role in LAC. Overexpression of miR‐335 enhanced the abilities of A549 and H1299 cells to invade and migrate by regulating epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, while inhibition of miR‐335 exhibited an opposite effect in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, miR‐335 inhibited the expression of Copine‐1 (CPNE1), an NF‐κB suppressor, through interacting with its mRNA 3′UTR, while mutating the binding sites abolished this inhibitory effect. This finding not only highlights the suppressive effect of CPNE1 on cell motility, but also provides new insight into miR‐335 in promoting LAC metastasis.
Longitudinal associations between facets of sleep and adiposity in youth
Authors: LeMay‐Russell Sarah , Schvey Natasha A. , Kelly Nichole R. , Parker Megan N. , Ramirez Eliana , Shank Lisa M. , Byrne Meghan E. , Swanson Taylor N. , Kwarteng Esther A. , Faulkner Loie M. , Djan Kweku G. , Zenno Anna , Brady Sheila M. , Yang Shanna B. , Yanovski Susan Z. , Tanofsky‐Kraff Marian , Yanovski Jack A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveBeyond sleep duration, other facets of sleep such as variability and timing may be associated with obesity risk in youth. However, data are limited. Using a longitudinal design, this study tested whether multiple facets of sleep were associated with fat mass gain over 1 year.MethodsA convenience sample of non‐treatment‐seeking youth (age 8‐17 years) wore actigraphy monitors for 14 days. Average weekly sleep duration, within‐person sleep duration variability, weekend catch‐up sleep, bedtime and wake time shift, social jet lag, bedtime, wake time, and sleep midpoint were calculated. The association of each facet of baseline sleep with 1‐year fat mass, adjusting for baseline fat mass and height, was examined.ResultsA total of 137 youths (54.0% female; mean [SD], age 12.5 [2.6] years; 28.4% non‐Hispanic Black or African American; baseline fat mass = 15.3 [8.9] kg; 1‐year fat mass = 17.0 [10.0] kg; 28.5% with baseline overweight or obesity) were studied. Wake time (p = 0.03) and sleep midpoint (p = 0.02) were inversely associated with 1‐year fat mass, such that earlier wake time and midpoint were associated with higher 1‐year fat mass. No other facet of sleep was significantly associated with 1‐year fat mass (p > 0.09).ConclusionsUsing objective measures, youth with earlier wake times and sleep midpoints had greater gains in fat mass. Additional research is needed to determine whether sleep timing may be a modifiable target to prevent pediatric obesity.
Development of new and validated HPTLC methods for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of hyperforin, hypericin and hyperoside contents in Hypericum species
Authors: Saçıcı Esra , Yesilada Erdem 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeHypericum perforatum L. (St. John's wort) is a medicinally important member of Hypericaceae. Many pharmacological activities have been mostly attributed to its hyperforin, hypericin and/or hyperoside contents. Therefore, qualitative and quantitative determinations of these ingredients are essential to justify the beneficial effects of St. John's wort on health. In the European Pharmacopoeia, the TLC and HPLC methods were given for this purpose. High performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) has recently become increasingly used as a suitable technique for analysing herbal drugs. This study aims to develop new and validated HPTLC methods to analyse these active components in different Hypericum spp. to find other suitable species to replace the official plant.MethodsThree different mobile phases were developed: n‐hexane‐ethyl acetate (8:2) for hyperforin analysis, toluene‐chloroform‐ethyl acetate‐formic acid (8:5:3.5:0.6) for hypericin analysis and ethyl acetate‐formic acid‐acetic acid‐water (15:2:2:1) for hyperoside analysis. These newly developed and validated HPTLC systems were further applied to determine their concentrations in different Hypericum species.ResultsHyperforin concentration was found between 6.40 to 26.40 mg/g only in H. triquetrifolium, H. scabrum and two H. perforatum samples; hypericin was detected between 0.81 and 1.41 mg/g only in H. bithynicum, H. perfoliatum, H. triquetrifolium and two H. perforatum samples; and hyperoside was identified in all tested specimens ranging from 1.01 to 9.73 mg/g. The new HPTLC methods developed and validated in the present study may ensure reliable results for the qualification and quantification of hyperforin, hypericin and hyperoside contents in Hypericum species.
Do teaching practices and enjoyment of science matter to science achievement?
Authors: Long Haiying , Gao Su , Yang Luxi , Chen Jin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study focuses on the effectiveness of two types of teaching practices (i.e., inquiry‐based and teacher‐directed) on students' science achievement, an ongoing contentious issue in science education. It examined the direct and indirect effects of the two types of teaching practices, enjoyment of science, and students' science achievement with the US data of the 2015 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Results indicated that both inquiry‐based and teacher‐directed teaching practices were significant and positive predictors of enjoyment of science. These three variables also significantly predicted science achievement. However, inquiry‐based teaching practices were a negative predictor, whereas teacher‐directed teaching practices and enjoyment of science were positive predictors of science achievement. The effects of the two types of teaching practices on science achievement were partially mediated through enjoyment of science but the path of inquiry‐based teaching practices to achievement via enjoyment of science suggested a suppression effect. These results were further discussed in the US educational context.
An integrative environmental pollen diversity assessment and its importance for the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Hornick Thomas , Richter Anett , Harpole William Stanley , Bastl Maximilian , Bohlmann Stephanie , Bonn Aletta , Bumberger Jan , Dietrich Peter , Gemeinholzer Birgit , Grote Rüdiger , Heinold Bernd , Keller Alexander , Luttkus Marie L. , Mäder Patrick , Motivans Švara Elena , Passonneau Sarah , Punyasena Surangi W. , Rakosy Demetra , Richter Ronny , Sickel Wiebke , Steffan‐Dewenter Ingolf , Theodorou Panagiotis , Treudler Regina , Werchan Barbora , Werchan Matthias , Wolke Ralf , Dunker Susanne 
Published: November 2021

Societal Impact StatementPollen relates to many aspects of human and environmental health, which protection and improvement are endorsed by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. By highlighting these connections in the frame of current challenges in monitoring and research, we discuss the need of more integrative and multidisciplinary pollen research related to societal needs, improving health of humans and our ecosystems for a sustainable future.SummaryPollen is at once intimately part of the reproductive cycle of seed plants and simultaneously highly relevant for the environment (pollinators, vector for nutrients, or organisms), people (food safety and health), and climate (cloud condensation nuclei and climate reconstruction). We provide an interdisciplinary perspective on the many and connected roles of pollen to foster a better integration of the currently disparate fields of pollen research, which would benefit from the sharing of general knowledge, technical advancements, or data processing solutions. We propose a more interdisciplinary and holistic research approach that encompasses total environmental pollen diversity (ePD) (wind and animal and occasionally water distributed pollen) at multiple levels of diversity (genotypic, phenotypic, physiological, chemical, and functional) across space and time. This interdisciplinary approach holds the potential to contribute to pressing human issues, including addressing United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, fostering social and political awareness of these tiny yet important and fascinating particles.
Astragalin mediates the pharmacological effects of Lysimachia candida Lindl on adipogenesis via downregulating PPARG and FKBP51 signaling cascade
Authors: Barge Sagar , Deka Barsha , Kashyap Bhaswati , Bharadwaj Simanta , Kandimalla Raghuram , Ghosh Aparajita , Dutta Partha Pratim , Samanta Suman Kumar , Manna Prasenjit , Borah Jagat C. , Talukdar Narayan Chandra 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMetabolic disturbances in different tissue cells and obesity are caused by excessive calorie intake, and medicinal plants are potential sources of phytochemicals for combating these health problems. This study investigated the role of methanolic extract of the folklore medicinal plant Lysimachia candida (LCM) and its phytochemical, astragalin, in managing obesity in vivo and in vitro. Administration of LCM (200 mg/kg/body weight) daily for 140 days significantly decreased both the body weight gain (15.66%) and blood triglyceride and free fatty acid levels in high‐fat‐diet‐fed male Wistar rats but caused no substantial change in leptin and adiponectin levels. The protein expression of adipogenic transcription factors in visceral adipose tissue was significantly reduced. Further, the 3T3‐L1 cell‐based assay revealed that the butanol fraction of LCM and its isolated compound, astragalin, exhibited antiadipogenic activity through downregulating adipogenic transcription factors and regulatory proteins. Molecular docking studies were performed to depict the possible binding patterns of astragalin to adipogenesis proteins. Overall, we show the potential antiobesity effects of L. candida and its bioactive compound, astragalin, and suggest clinical studies with LCM and astragalin.
Nucleic acid‐based electrochemical biosensor: Recent advances in probe immobilization and signal amplification strategies
Authors: Thapa Krishna , Liu Wenyan , Wang Risheng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWith the increasing importance of accurate and early disease diagnosis and the development of personalized medicine, DNA‐based electrochemical biosensor has attracted broad scientific and clinical interests in the past decades due to its unique hybridization specificity, fast response time, and potential for miniaturization. In order to achieve high detection sensitivity, the design of DNA electrochemical biosensors depends critically on the improvement of the accessibility of target molecules and the enhancement of signal readout. Here, we summarize the recent advances in DNA probe immobilization and signal amplification strategies with a special focus on DNA nanostructure‐supported DNA probe immobilization method, which provides the opportunity to rationally control the distance between probes and keep them in upright confirmation, as well as the contribution of functional nanomaterials in enhancing the signal amplification. The next challenge of biosensors will be the fabrication of point‐of‐care devices for clinical testing. The advancement of multidisciplinary areas, including nanofabrication, material science, and biochemistry, has exhibited profound promise in achieving such portable sensing devices.This article is categorized under:
Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices
Biology‐Inspired Nanomaterials > Nucleic Acid‐Based Structures
SO(10) models with A4 modular symmetry
Authors: Ding Gui-Jun , King Stephen F. , Lu Jun-Nan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
We combine SO(10) Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) with A4 modular symmetry and present a comprehensive analysis of the resulting quark and lepton mass matrices for all the simplest cases. We focus on the case where the three fermion families in the 16 dimensional spinor representation form a triplet of Γ3 ≃ A4, with a Higgs sector comprising a single Higgs multiplet H in the 10 fundamental representation and one Higgs field $$ \overline{\Delta } $$

∆
¯

in the $$ \overline{\mathbf{126}} $$

126
¯

for the minimal models, plus one Higgs field Σ in the 120 for the non-minimal models, all with specified modular weights. The neutrino masses are generated by the type-I and/or type II seesaw mechanisms and results are presented for each model following an intensive numerical analysis where we have optimized the free parameters of the models in order to match the experimental data. For the phenomenologically successful models, we present the best fit results in numerical tabular form as well as showing the most interesting graphical correlations between parameters, including leptonic CP phases and neutrinoless double beta decay, which have yet to be measured, leading to definite predictions for each of the models.
Biografie, sozialer Kontext und Körper im Experiment: Evidenz durch integrierte Methodik am Beispiel der Blutdruckforschung bei Thure von Uexküll
Authors: Roelcke Volker 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDer Wiesbadener Internistenkongress 1949 war Bühne für eine heftige Kontroverse zu Fragen der Methodik, Epistemologie und Evidenz in der psychosomatischen Medizin. Paul Martini, Internist und Protagonist methodisch durchgeführter klinischer Studien, kritisierte in diesem Kontext die Methodik psychosomatischer Wissensproduktion und bezweifelte die Validität der postulierten Einsichten. Ausgehend von dieser Kontroverse rekonstruiert der Beitrag die Formierung und Durchführung eines Experimentalsystems zur Entstehung der Hypertonie, in welchem der Internist und Psychosomatiker Thure von Uexküll somatische Variablen, die Subjektivität des Patienten, seine Biografie und seinen sozialen Kontext zu integrieren versuchte. Die Deutungen der Patienten hatten in diesem Experimentalsystem einen privilegierten Status. Empirische Belege, Nachvollziehbarkeit und Reproduzierbarkeit – Forderungen, die Martini 1949 formuliert hatte – waren für Uexküll elementare Kriterien für relevantes und valides Wissen.
Kausalität, Evidenz und Subjektivität: Paul Martinis Methodenkritik der Psychosomatischen Medizin
Authors: Hofer Hans-Georg 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungDer Internistenkongress von 1949 war Anlass und Arena einer breit wahrgenommenen Kontroverse zu epistemologischen Fragen der Psychosomatischen Medizin. Der Beitrag verortet zunächst den Kongress in der Nachkriegsgeschichte und zeichnet die Verlaufslinien der Debatte nach. Dabei werden sowohl die Positionen der Sprecher der Psychosomatischen Medizin – Viktor von Weizsäcker und Alexander Mitscherlich – als auch diejenige von Paul Martini, der auf Basis seiner Methodologie klinischer Forschung grundsätzliche Kritik äußerte, rekonstruiert. In einem zweiten Schritt werden die jeweils unterschiedlichen Auffassungen von Kausalität, Evidenz und Subjektivität herausgearbeitet und kontextualisiert. Das Hauptaugenmerk liegt hierbei auf dem konkreten und expliziten Gebrauch dieser Begriffe bei Martini. Schließlich zeige ich, dass diese Ereignisse im Jahr 1949 als Kulmination einer fortdauernden Kontroverse über wissenschaftliche Evidenz in der klinischen Medizin gelesen werden können, die sich mit ihren Beteiligten und Bezugsebenen über mehrere Jahrzehnte erstreckte.