ActivitÃ© Anti-Inflammatoire Et Ã‰tudes Phytochimiques De Lâ€™extrait Aqueux Des Ã‰corces Distemonanthus Benthamianus Baill. (Caesalpiniaceae : Leguminosae - Caesalpinioideae)
Authors: John Kouadio Kouakou , Shcherazade Ouattara-Soro Fatou , Georges Abizi , Ernest Zougrou Nâ€™guessan , Roger Kouakou Koffi , Emile Begbin Kouassi , Kangah Mireille KplÃ© Tatiana , Jean-Jacques Kablan Kassi , Severin Koffi 
Published: March 2021

Distemonanthus benthamianus est une plante utilisÃ©e en mÃ©decine traditionnelle dans certains pays Africains tels que : la CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire, le Ghana, le Cameroun etc. Plusieurs Ã©tudes ont Ã©tÃ© rÃ©alisÃ©es relatives Ã son effet sur les activitÃ©s antioxydante, antitumorale, antituberculeuse, bactÃ©ricide, antivirale. Lâ€™objectif de ce travail a Ã©tÃ© dâ€™Ã©valuer in vivo lâ€™activitÃ© anti-inflammatoire de lâ€™extrait total aqueux des Ã©corces de cette plante. Pour atteindre cet objectif, le screening phytochimique a Ã©tÃ© rÃ©alisÃ© afin de dÃ©terminer les mÃ©tabolites secondaires prÃ©sentent dans lâ€™extrait de la plante. Lâ€™activitÃ© antiinflammatoire a Ã©tÃ© Ã©valuÃ© par lâ€™ingestion de la carragÃ©nine 1% au niveau lâ€™aponÃ©vrose plantaire des rats Wistars. Le screening phytochimique a rÃ©vÃ©lÃ© la prÃ©sence de tanins, polyphÃ©nols, flavonoÃ¯des, saponosides, de triterpÃ¨nes et dâ€™alcaloÃ¯des Les rÃ©sultats de lâ€™activitÃ© anti-inflammatoire ont montrÃ© que le diclofÃ©nac et lâ€™extrait aqueux de la plante ont atteint leur activitÃ© maximale dâ€™inhibition de lâ€™Å“dÃ¨me Ã la 3Ã¨me heure avec une inhibition de 52.88 %, et 44.95%, 60.03% et 70.19 aux doses de 200, 400 et 800mg/kg/pc respectivement. Quant Ã la prednisone, il a atteint son activitÃ© maximale de 26.66% Ã la 4Ã¨me heure. Lâ€™inhibition de lâ€™Å“dÃ¨me des pattes des rats par lâ€™extrait de la plante montre ainsi les propriÃ©tÃ©s anti-inflammatoires de cet extrait. Lâ€™utilisation de cette plante comme un anti-inflammatoire en milieu naturel serait donc justifiÃ©e.

Distemonanthus benthamianus is a plant used in traditional medicine in some African countries such as: Ivory Coast, Ghana, Cameroon etc. Several studies have been carried out relating to its effect on antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-tuberculosis, bactericidal and antiviral activities. The objective of this work was to evaluate in vivo the anti-inflammatory activity of the total aqueous extract of the bark of this plant. To achieve this goal, phytochemical screening was carried out to determine the secondary metabolites present in the plant extract. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by ingestion of 1% carrageenan in the plantar fascia of Wistars rats. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, polyphenols, flavonoids, saponosides, triterpenes and alkaloids The results of anti-inflammatory activity showed that diclofenac and the aqueous extract of the plant reached their maximum activity d inhibition of edema at the 3rd hour with an inhibition of 52.88%, and 44.95%, 60.03% and 70.19 at doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg / kg / bw respectively. As for prednisone, it reached its maximum activity of 26.66% at the 4th hour. The inhibition of rat paw edema by the plant extract thus demonstrates the anti-inflammatory properties of this extract. The use of this plant as an anti-inflammatory in a natural environment would therefore be justified.