bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Giving the gift of life twice”: Understanding the lived experiences of parent donors and nondonors in pediatric haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Schaefer Megan R. , Aguilera Vanessa , Parris Kendra , Long Alanna , Triplett Brandon , Phipps Sean 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe use of parental donors in pediatric haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation is increasing, but research on the psychosocial impact of parental donation is currently limited.ObjectivesAs part of a larger study, we conducted a retrospective, qualitative analysis to explore parental perceptions of the donation process and the impact of being a donor (or nondonor) on parents’ adjustment and coping with their child's transplant experience.MethodsParents/caregivers of children who underwent transplantation with a parental donor or a matched unrelated donor (N = 136) participated in interviews and completed an open‐ended questionnaire.ResultsSix themes were identified in the data: level of understanding and satisfaction; perception of choice; preparation for donation; perceptions of donation and infusion; benefit finding; and psychological impact of transplantation. Most parents were satisfied with the information they received and reported a good understanding of transplantation and donation procedures. Parents were divided on perspectives of choice, but their responses reflect that the necessity of saving their child's life does not allow for choice. They described considerable effort to prepare for transplantation, physically, emotionally, and logistically. Parents acknowledged the psychological impact while identifying positive outcomes that resulted from their child's transplant journey.ConclusionsResults highlight the unique experiences of parental donors and nondonors from the anticipation phase to the completion of their child's transplant. Additionally, findings inform supportive care guidance by highlighting the need to assess parental donors’ emotional functioning, provide support post donation, and conduct bereavement follow‐up.
Severe fetal ventriculomegaly: Fetal morbidity and mortality, caesarean delivery rates and obstetrical challenges in a large prospective cohort
Authors: Start Alex O. , Ryan Gillian A. , Cathcart Barbara , Hughes Heather , Higgins Shane , Corcoran Siobhan , Walsh Jennifer , Carroll Stephen , Mahony Rhona , Crimmins Darach , Caird John , Colleran Gabrielle , McParland Peter , McAuliffe Fionnuala M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionSevere fetal ventriculomegaly (VM) is defined as an enlargement of the atria of the lateral cerebral ventricles (Vp) of greater than 15 mm. While it is well established that it confers significant risk of morbidity and mortality to the neonate, there is limited information pertaining to the caesarean delivery rates and the obstetric management of these complex cases. The aim of this study was twofold: firstly, to determine survival rates in fetuses with severe VM, and secondly to determine the caesarean delivery rates in continuing pregnancies. We explore the obstetric challenges associated with these difficult cases.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study of patients with antenatal severe VM, attending the Department of Fetal Medicine, National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland, from 1st January 2011 to 31st July 2020. Data were obtained from the hospital database and those with severe VM (Vp > 15 mm) were identified. The rates of chromosomal abnormalities, the survival rates and the caesarean delivery (CD) rates for the overall group were then determined. The data were then further sub‐divided into two groups: 1. Vp < 20 mm and 2. Vp > 20 mm, and the results compared. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi‐Square test.ResultsA total of N = 95 pregnancies with severe VM were included for analysis, of which additional structural abnormalities on ultrasound were apparent in 67/95 (70.5%) and 28/95 (29.5%) had isolated severe VM. Chromosomal abnormalities were diagnosed in 15/95 (15.8%) of cases, with (2/28) 7.1% in the isolated SVM group versus (13/67) 19.4% in the non‐isolated SVM group. The overall survival rate (excluding TOP) was 53/74 (71.6%), with 20/23 (86.9%) in the isolated SVM group. The overall CD rate was 47/72 (65.3%), which was significantly higher than the CD for the hospital during the same time period of 25.4% (P < 0.01).The data were subdivided into Vp < 20 and Vp > 20 and those with a Vp > 20 had higher rates of additional intracranial findings on ultrasound (Vp < 20 13/41 (31.7%) versus Vp > 20 32/54 (59.3%) (P < 0.05)) and macrocrania (Vp < 20 14/41 (34.1%) versus Vp > 20 35/54 (64.8%) (P < 0.05)). No significant difference was observed in the overall survival or CD rates between the two groups.ConclusionIn conclusion this study reports significant fetal morbidity and mortality with severe VM with high CD rates observed in this cohort. Significant challenges exist in relation to the obstetric management and counseling of parents regarding an often uncertain neonatal prognosis. In continuing pregnancies with significant macrocrania delivery plans should be individualized to improve neonatal outcomes where possible and minimize harm to the mother.
High‐risk opioid analgesic dispensing to adolescents 12–18 years old in South Carolina: 2010–2017
Authors: Basco William T. , McCauley Jenna L. , Zhang Jingwen , Marsden Justin E. , Simpson Kit N. , Heidari Khosrow , Mauldin Patrick D. , Ball Sarah J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate “high‐risk” opioid dispensing to adolescents, including daily morphine milligram equivalents (MME) above recommended amounts, the percentage of extended‐release opioid prescriptions dispensed to opioid‐naïve adolescents, and concurrent use of opioids and benzodiazepines, and to evaluate changes in those rates over time.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of one state's prescription drug monitoring program data (2010–2017), evaluating adolescents 12–18 years old dispensed opioid analgesic prescriptions. Outcomes of interest were the quarterly frequencies of the high‐risk measures. We utilized generalized linear regression to determine whether the rate of the outcomes changed over time.ResultsThe quarterly percentage of adolescents ages 12–18 years old dispensed an opioid who received ≥90 daily MME declined from 4.1% in the first quarter (Q1) of 2010 to 3.4% in the final quarter (Q4) of 2017 (p < 0.0001). The frequency of adolescents dispensed ≥50 daily MME changed little over time. In 2010, the percentage of adolescents receiving an extended‐release opioid who were opioid naïve was 60.7%, declining to 50.6% by Q4 of 2017 (p > 0.10 overall change 2010–2017). The percentage of adolescent opioid days overlapping with benzodiazepine days was 1.6% in Q1 of 2010, declining to 1.1% by Q4 of 2017 (p < 0.001).ConclusionsAmong persons 12–18 years old dispensed an opioid analgesic, receipt of ≥90 daily MME declined during the years 2010–2017, as did the percentage of adolescent opioid days that overlapped with benzodiazepines. More than half of the individuals who received extended‐release opioid analgesics were identified as opioid naïve and, counter to guidelines, received products intended for opioid‐tolerant individuals.
Anticholinergic medication burden and cognitive function in participants of the ASPREE study
Authors: Broder Jonathan C. , Ryan Joanne , Shah Raj C. , Lockery Jessica E. , Orchard Suzanne G. , Gilmartin‐Thomas Julia F.‐M. , Fravel Michelle A. , Owen Alice J. , Woods Robyn L. , Wolfe Rory , Storey Elsdon , Murray Anne M. , Ernst Michael E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractStudy ObjectiveWhat is the association between anticholinergic burden and specific domains of cognitive function in older adults who are initially without major cognitive impairment?DesignPost‐hoc analysis of longitudinal observational data from the ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) study.Patients19,114 participants from Australia and the United States aged 70 years and older (65 years and older for US minorities) were recruited and followed for a median of 4.7 years. At enrollment, participants were free of known cardiovascular disease, major physical disability, or dementia.MeasurementsCognitive assessments administered at baseline and biennially at follow‐up visits included the Modified Mini‐Mental State examination (3MS), Hopkins Verbal Learning Test–Revised (HVLT‐R) delayed recall, Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Anticholinergic burden was calculated at baseline using the Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden (ACB) scale and grouped as scores of 0 (no burden), 1‐2 (low to moderate), or 3+ (high).Main ResultsLinear mixed effects models were used to assess the relationship between ACB score and cognition over time. After adjusting for sex, age, education, minority status, smoking status, hypertension, diabetes, depression, chronic kidney disease, country, and frailty, participants with a high ACB score had worse performance over time for 3MS (Adjusted [Adj] B=‐0.092, P=0.034), HVLT‐R delayed recall (Adj B=‐0.104, P<0.001), COWAT (Adj B=‐0.151, P<0.001), and SDMT (Adj B=‐0.129, P=0.026), than participants with an ACB score of 0. A low to moderate ACB score was also associated with worse performance over time for HVLT‐R delayed recall (Adj B=‐0.037, P=0.007) and COWAT (Adj B=‐0.065, P=0.003), compared to those with no ACB.ConclusionsAnticholinergic burden predicts worse cognitive function over time in initially dementia‐free older adults, particularly for executive function (COWAT) and episodic memory (HVLT‐R).
Impact of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor on vitamin D absorption in cystic fibrosis patients
Authors: Wright Brittany A. , Ketchen Natalie K. , Rasmussen Leah N. , Bartels Alyssa R. , Singh Sachinkumar B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundCystic fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem disorder that results in the buildup of mucus in various organs. Ninety percent of CF patients are classified as pancreatic insufficient, leading to malabsorption of nutrients and fat‐soluble vitamins without the assistance of exogenous pancreatic enzymes. This study was designed to determine if serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were impacted by initiation of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA).MethodsSerum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were measured before and 1 year post‐ELX/TEZ/IVA initiation. A Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was used to compare values.ResultsSeventy‐six patients were included in the final analysis. The average age of our population was 25.8 years (SD = 13.2 years) with a majority being male, homozygous F508del, pancreatic insufficient, and not modulator‐naive. The median increase of serum vitamin D concentration after initiating ELX/TEZ/IVA was 5 ng/ml (interquartile range = −4, 13; p = .0035).ConclusionsWe suggest that ELX/TEZ/IVA may improve fat‐soluble vitamin absorption, specifically serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D. These results may lead to adjustments in vitamin supplementation in patients receiving cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulator therapy.
Deformations of cyclodextrins and their influence to form inclusion compounds
Authors: Bautista‐Renedo Joanatan‐Michael , Hernández‐Esparza Raymundo , Cuevas‐Yañez Erick , Reyes‐Pérez Horacio , Vargas Rubicelia , Garza Jorge , González‐Rivas Nelly 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDeformations of the three most common cyclodextrins (,, and) were induced to form inclusion compounds with sertraline and abacavir. The deformations were obtained from classical molecular dynamics (CMD) using as starting point X‐ray structures. The molecular dynamics were performed in two ways, over the cyclodextrins with and without the presence of a guest. Two characteristic rings within these cyclodextrins were used to measure the distortions observed along with the molecular dynamics. A docking approach was used to build inclusion compounds over the structures obtained from CMD without the presence of sertraline or abacavir. Thus, we compared structures of inclusion compounds obtained from deformations induced by the presence of a guest or with intrinsic deformations exhibited by each cyclodextrin. After this step, each structure was optimized by the PBE0‐D3/6‐31G(d,p) method, and the electron density delivered by this method was used to perform the quantum theory of atoms in molecules approach to analyze intermolecular contacts between sertraline, or abacavir, and three cyclodextrins. From this procedure, we found that inclusion compounds obtained from X‐ray structures present the highest energies over the potential energy surface. Thus, for getting low‐lying energy structures of inclusion compounds, deformations on cyclodextrins are necessary.
Is SARS‐CoV‐2 viral clearance in nasopharyngeal swabs an appropriate surrogate marker for clinical efficacy of neutralising antibody‐based therapeutics?
Authors: Focosi Daniele , Franchini Massimo , Pirofski Liise‐anne , Maggi Fabrizio , Casadevall Arturo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractViral clearance is likely the best way to assess the efficacy of antibody‐based therapies. Although antibodies can mediate a variety of effects that include modulation of inflammation, the demonstration of viral clearance provides an accessible and measurable parameter that can be used to evaluate efficacy and determine dosing. Therefore, it is important to ascertain the ability of monoclonal antibodies and convalescent plasma to effect viral clearance. For COVID‐19, which is caused by the respiratory virus SARS‐CoV‐2, the most common assay to assess viral clearance is via a nasopharyngeal swab (NPS). However, assessment of antibody efficacy by sampling this site may be misleading because it may not be as accessible to serum antibodies as respiratory secretions or circulating blood. Adding to the complexity of assessing the efficacy of administered antibody, particularly in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that enroled patients at different times after the onset of COVID‐19 symptoms, viral clearance may also be mediated by endogenous antibody. In this article we critically review available data on viral clearance in RCTs, matched control studies, case series and case reports of antibody therapies in an attempt to identify variables that contribute to antibody efficacy and suggest optimal strategies for future studies.
Cobalt Catalysts for [2+2+2] Cycloaddition Reactions: Isolated Precatalysts and in situ Generated Catalysts
Authors: Gläsel Tim , Baumann Benedikt N. , Hapke Marko 
Published: December 2021

Abstract[2+2+2] Cycloaddition reactions belong to the not even large class of reactions, which can be catalyzed or mediated by a significant number of different transition metals. Cobalt complexes belong to the catalysts that paved the way for the extensive use and profound mechanistic knowledge on this particular transformation. Beside the established role, cyclopentadienyl (Cp) cobalt complexes inherit in synthetic applications of the cyclotrimerization reaction, modification of the precatalysts opened up novel reactivities and versatility for such catalytic initiators. At the same time the development of in situ generated cobalt catalysts allowed the conversion of novel substrates as well as novel reaction modes to be realized. In this personal account recent developments will be presented and the possibilities of catalysts containing cobalt atoms in different oxidation states be discussed.
Dekonvolution von Mischspuren nach vollständig kontinuierlichem Modell
Authors: Dika Beate , Dreßler Jan , Edelmann Jeanett , Kohl Michael 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Bei der Untersuchung von Mischspuren können stochastische Effekte die Beurteilung einer Spurenlegerschaft beeinträchtigen. Daher finden immer mehr softwarebasierte Lösungen Einzug in die Spurenuntersuchung, die durch Berücksichtigung biologischer Parameter eine Hilfestellung bei der Ableitung von Einzelprofilen bieten sollen. Im Rahmen der Studie wurde eine wissenschaftliche Validierung der Mischspurenanalyse-Software Genoproof® Mixture 4 (GPM4, Qualitype GmbH, Dresden, Deutschland) durchgeführt.

Material und Methoden
Die in unterschiedlichen Mischungsverhältnissen vorliegenden 2‑ und 3‑Personen-Mischspuren wurden künstlich unter Verwendung isolierter CD4+-Lymphozyten von 9 Spendenden erzeugt. Nach Erstellung der STR-Profile wurden die Mischspuren mittels GPM4 im Hinblick auf die Dekonvolution ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
In den 2‑Personen-Mischspuren mit klarer Unterscheidung von Haupt- und Nebenkomponente wurde von der Software in der Großzahl der untersuchten STR-Systeme die richtige Genotypkonstellation (GTK) der Komponenten abgeleitet, oftmals mit einer Wichtung > 90 %. In den anteilsähnlicheren Mischspuren wurden zunehmend nichtzutreffende Allelableitungen beobachtet. Eine Abnahme der Performance in Bezug auf die Ableitung der richtigen GTK zeigten die 3‑Personen-Mischspuren. Faktoren wie Mischkomposition und Homo- und Heterozygotie in den genetischen Profilen hatten nachweislich einen Einfluss auf die Auftrennung der Mischspuren.

Diskussion
Mischspuren, die keine klare Unterscheidung von Haupt- und Nebenkomponente erlauben, stellen eine Schwierigkeit bei der Dekonvolution dar. In diesen Fällen ist eine Differenzierung der Peakhöhen detektierter Allele nur schwer möglich, da diese bei Anteilsgleichheit beider Komponenten eine komparable Intensität aufweisen. Ein deutlicher DNA-Mengen-Unterschied der Komponenten ist für die Berechnung von Vorteil.
Schwere sexualisierte Gewalt – Aufklärung eines Falls durch Kombination aus DNA- und mRNA-Analyse
Authors: Neis Maximilian , Siegel Sonja , Banaschak Sibylle , Schneider Peter M. 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungMithilfe der Analyse von mRNA-Expressionsmustern durch Einsatz der PCR-Amplifikation von zellspezifischen cDNA-Transkripten und Nachweis der Amplifikate mittels Kapillarelektrophorese (CE) lässt sich die Frage klären, aus welchen Zelltypen (Blut, Speichel, Sperma, Vaginalschleimhaut, Menstrual- und Nasensekret) sich eine biologische Spur zusammensetzt. Durch Verwendung der DNA-RNA-Koextraktion kann dieses Verfahren unabhängig von der STR-Typisierung durchgeführt werden. Am Beispiel des hier dargestellten Falles, bei dem Vaginalsekret der verletzten Frau am Mittelfinger des Beschuldigten nachgewiesen wurde, wird gezeigt, dass der Einsatz dieser Methode besonders bei Fällen von sexualisierter Gewalt sinnvoll ist.
Vitale anale Tierfraßverletzung durch einen Dackel
Authors: Duval Inga , Doberentz Elke , Madea Burkhard 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungHundebissverletzungen weisen bei Lebenden in der Regel eine charakteristische Morphologie auf, anhand derer sich die Entstehung gut nachvollziehen lässt. Haben Hunde Zugang zu einer Leiche, so kann es zu postmortalen Tierfraßverletzungen kommen, und das Verletzungsbild kann u. U. auf den ersten Blick auch als Fremdbeibringung durch Dritte missinterpretiert werden.Vorgestellt wird ein seltener Fall einer Tierfraßverletzung an einer lebenden Person. Eine Mischintoxikation mit Zopiclon und Alkohol im häuslichen Umfeld führte zur Bewusstlosigkeit, die einen ausgedehnten Gewebsdefekt im Analbereich durch Bissverletzungen des eigenen Dackels ermöglichte. Außergewöhnlich ist hierbei neben der vitalen Entstehung auch die Lokalisation der Verletzung.
A variation of the prime k-tuples conjecture with applications to quantum limits
Authors: McGrath Oliver 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLet $$\mathcal {H}^{*}=\{h_1,h_2,\ldots \}$$

H

∗

=

{

h
1

,

h
2

,
…
}

be an ordered set of integers. We give sufficient conditions for the existence of increasing sequences of natural numbers $$a_j$$

a
j

and $$n_k$$

n
k

such that $$n_k+h_{a_j}$$

n
k

+

h

a
j

is a sum of two squares for every $$k\ge 1$$

k
≥
1

and $$1\le j\le k.$$

1
≤
j
≤
k
.

Our method uses a novel modification of the Maynard–Tao sieve together with a second moment estimate. As a special case of our result, we deduce a conjecture due to D. Jakobson which has several implications for quantum limits on flat tori.
Stability of some vector bundles on Hilbert schemes of points on K3 surfaces
Authors: Reede Fabian , Zhang Ziyu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLetXbe a projective K3 surfaces. In two examples where there exists a fine moduli spaceMof stable vector bundles onX, isomorphic to a Hilbert scheme of points, we prove that the universal family$${\mathcal {E}}$$Eon$$X\times M$$X×Mcan be understood as a complete flat family of stable vector bundles onMparametrized byX, which identifiesXwith a smooth connected component of some moduli space of stable sheaves onM.
Laxity measurement of internal knee rotation after primary anterior cruciate ligament rupture versus rerupture
Authors: Mayr Hermann O. , Hellbruegge Georg , Haasters Florian , Ipach Bastian , Schmal Hagen , Prall Wolf C. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the current study was to objectify the rotational laxity after primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture and rerupture after ACL reconstruction by instrumented measurement. It was hypothesized that knees with recurrent instability feature a higher internal rotation laxity as compared to knees with a primary rupture of the native ACL.

Study design
Cross-sectional study, Level of evidence III.

Methods
In a clinical cross-sectional study successive patients with primary ACL rupture and rerupture after ACL reconstruction were evaluated clinically and by instrumented measurement of the rotational and antero-posterior laxity with a validated instrument and the KT1000®, respectively. Clinical examination comprised IKDC 2000 forms, Lysholm Score, and Tegner Activity Scale. Power calculation and statistical analysis were performed (p value < 0.05).

Results
24 patients with primary ACL rupture and 23 patients with ACL rerupture were included. There was no significant side-to-side difference in anterior translation. A side-to side difference of internal rotational laxity ≥ 10° was found significantly more frequent in reruptures (53.6%) compared to primary ruptures (19.4%; p < 0.001). A highly significant relationship between the extent of the pivot-shift phenomenon and side-to-side difference of internal rotation laxity could be demonstrated (p < 0.001). IKDC 2000 subjective revealed significantly better scores in patients with primary ACL tear compared to patients with ACL rerupture (56.4 ± 7.8 vs. 50.8 ± 6.2; p = 0.01). Patients with primary ACL tears scored significantly better on the Tegner Activity Scale (p = 0.02). No significant differences were seen in the Lysholm Score (p = 0.78).

Conclusion
Patients with ACL rerupture feature significantly higher internal rotation laxity of the knee compared to primary ACL rupture. The extend of rotational laxity can be quantified by instrumented measurements. This can be valuable data for the indication of an anterolateral ligament reconstruction in ACL revision surgery.