bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with subjective cognitive decline in dementia‐free older adults—A population‐based study
Authors: Zullo Leonardo , Clark Christopher , Gholam Mehdi , Castelao Enrique , von Gunten Armin , Preisig Martin , Popp Julius 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundSubjective cognitive decline (SCD) is common in older adults, affects quality of life (QoL), and may represent the earliest clinical manifestation of cognitive decline evolving to dementia. Still little is known about factors associated with SCD.Objectives(1) Assess the associations between SCD and demographic, social, clinical, and personality characteristics as well as QoL, with and without adjustment for objective cognitive performance, and (2) investigate the relations between neuroticism, QoL, and SCD.MethodsCross‐sectional analysis of a cohort of 1567 dementia‐free community‐dwellers from the urban area of Lausanne, Switzerland, aged 64 years and older (mean age 70.9 ± 4.7 years), from CoLaus/PsyCoLaus. SCD was assessed using a validated 10‐item questionnaire. Personality traits, QoL, and perceived social support were evaluated using self‐report measures. Information on depression and anxiety status and socioeconomic characteristics including professional activity were elicited using a semi‐structured interview. Cognitive functioning was assessed through a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery. Statistical analysis was based on logistic regression.ResultsSCD was present in 18.5% of the sample and it was associated with lower performance in memory and verbal fluency tasks. After controlling for possible confounders, professional activity, neuroticism, and current depression were associated with SCD. Exploratory analysis revealed associations of SCD with QoL, neuroticism, and their interaction.ConclusionBesides objective cognitive performance, SCD is related to several psychosocial factors in dementia‐free community‐dwelling older people. These findings are relevant for the development of healthcare interventions to reduce cognitive complaints, improve QoL, and prevent cognitive decline in general population.
Heat and mass transfer analysis of chemically reactive tangent hyperbolic fluid in a microchannel
Authors: Sindhu S. , Gireesha B. J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study addresses the fully developed magnetohydrodynamic flow of non‐Newtonian fluid in a microchannel using tangent hyperbolic fluid model. The physical situation has been modeled by accessing boundary layer theory along with the physical aspects of thermophoresis and Brownian motion. The heat and mass transport phenomena are depicted through graphical interpretations. The modeled equations are nondimensionalized using dimensionless variables. The obtained corresponding equations are solved by employing Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg scheme accompanied with shooting technique. The fluctuations in distinct entities of physical connotations, like, the Nusselt number, friction factor and Sherwood number are explored in this examination. A notable reduction in the concentration field of the tangent hyperbolic fluid has been obtained for a larger chemical reaction parameter. The result shows that non‐Newtonian fluids exhibit higher Nusselt number than Newtonian fluids. Furthermore, a significant enhancement in Nusselt number has been attained through a rise in the power‐law index and thermophoresis aspect.
Feasibility study of a hybrid photovoltaic/thermal collector system in the climate of Jordan
Authors: Hader Montasir , Hanbali Mohammed , Al‐Kouz Wael 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study is dedicated to investigating the feasibility of photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collectors' technology for application in Jordan. Simple parallel‐plate collector configurations were simulated using COMSOL: rectangular fins, triangular fins, and wavy walls. The wavy‐wall configuration was found the most efficient alternative in terms of heat transfer with respect to the pumping power and performance factor that took into account the comparison with a plain‐wall parallel‐plate collector. However, the performance of the plain‐wall parallel plate preceded that of the wavy wall by increasing the Reynolds number and the water channel height. The plain‐wall parallel‐plate configuration was further investigated on HOMER as a 5 MW solar plant that provides energy to a 5‐MW facility. One MW of its load is direct thermal load. Different solar plant designs were compared. The PV/T plant was found to be very much energy saving but not feasible due to its high initial cost. However, the PV/T plant was better than the PV when the cooling was not complete compromising on some electric energy in favor of heat generation. Further work on reducing the cost of the PV/T collector is required especially with regard to contact methods between the PV and the absorber plate and to the weight of the collector.
Lifetime alcohol intake, drinking patterns over time and risk of stomach cancer: A pooled analysis of data from two prospective cohort studies
Authors: Jayasekara Harindra , MacInnis Robert J. , Lujan‐Barroso Leila , Mayen‐Chacon Ana‐Lucia , Cross Amanda J. , Wallner Bengt , Palli Domenico , Ricceri Fulvio , Pala Valeria , Panico Salvatore , Tumino Rosario , Kühn Tilman , Kaaks Rudolf , Tsilidis Kostas , Sánchez Maria‐Jose , Amiano Pilar , Ardanaz Eva , Chirlaque López María Dolores , Merino Susana , Rothwell Joseph A. , Boutron‐Ruault Marie‐Christine , Severi Gianluca , Sternby Hanna , Sonestedt Emily , Bueno‐de‐Mesquita Bas , Boeing Heiner , Travis Ruth , Sandanger Torkjel M. , Trichopoulou Antonia , Karakatsani Anna , Peppa Eleni , Tjønneland Anne , Yang Yi , Hodge Allison M. , Mitchell Hazel , Haydon Andrew , Room Robin , Hopper John L. , Weiderpass Elisabete , Gunter Marc J. , Riboli Elio , Giles Graham G. , Milne Roger L. , Agudo Antonio , English Dallas R. , Ferrari Pietro 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAlcohol consumption is causally linked to several cancers but the evidence for stomach cancer is inconclusive. In our study, the association between long‐term alcohol intake and risk of stomach cancer and its subtypes was evaluated. We performed a pooled analysis of data collected at baseline from 491 714 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition and the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for incident stomach cancer in relation to lifetime alcohol intake and group‐based life course intake trajectories, adjusted for potential confounders including Helicobacter pylori infection. In all, 1225 incident stomach cancers (78% noncardia) were diagnosed over 7 094 637 person‐years; 984 in 382 957 study participants with lifetime alcohol intake data (5 455 507 person‐years). Although lifetime alcohol intake was not associated with overall stomach cancer risk, we observed a weak positive association with noncardia cancer (HR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00‐1.06 per 10 g/d increment), with a HR of 1.50 (95% CI: 1.08‐2.09) for ≥60 g/d compared to 0.1 to 4.9 g/d. A weak inverse association with cardia cancer (HR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.87‐1.00) was also observed. HRs of 1.48 (95% CI: 1.10‐1.99) for noncardia and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.26‐1.03) for cardia cancer were observed for a life course trajectory characterized by heavy decreasing intake compared to light stable intake (Phomogeneity = .02). These associations did not differ appreciably by smoking or H pylori infection status. Limiting alcohol use during lifetime, particularly avoiding heavy use during early adulthood, might help prevent noncardia stomach cancer. Heterogeneous associations observed for cardia and noncardia cancers may indicate etiologic differences.
Dynamic asset allocation with multiple regime‐switching markets
Authors: Shi Jianmin 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis paper considers dynamic asset allocation problem with dual or multiple regime‐switching markets, that is, portfolio optimization of an investor who receives income from a cyclical or regime‐switching labour market while invests her wealth under a cyclical or regime‐switching financial market. For this purpose, we set up a flexible and tractable optimal control framework for dual or multiple Markov‐modulated stochastic system, in which Markov chains governing these regime switching are not identical as assumed in the existing literature. Based on combining two separate Markov chains into a new synthetic Markov chain in continuous time context, we state the corresponding Hamilton‐Jacobi‐Bellman equations and derive explicit solutions and value functions under some reasonable specifications. Furthermore, we lay out a numerical exercise and illustrations for optimal asset allocation or portfolio decisions under cyclical movements of both financial and labour markets.
The role of oil and risk shocks in thehigh‐frequencymovements of the term structure of interest rates: Evidence from the U.S. Treasury market
Authors: Gupta Rangan , Shahzad Syed Jawad Hussain , Sheng Xin , Subramaniam Sowmya 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe use daily data for the period 5 January 2000 to 31 October 2018 to analyse the impact of structural oil supply, oil demand and financial market risk shocks on the level, slope and curvature factors derived from the term structure of interest rates of the U.S. Treasury securities covering maturities of 1–30 years. Linear causality tests detect no evidence of predictability of these shocks on the three latent factors. However, statistical tests performed on the linear model provide evidence of structural breaks and nonlinearity, and hence indicate that the Granger causality test results are based on a misspecified framework, and cannot be relied upon. Given this, we use a nonparametric causality in‐quantiles test to reconsider the predictive ability of the three shocks on the three latent factors, with this model being robust to misspecification due to regime changes and nonlinearity, as it is a data‐driven approach. Moreover, this framework allows us to model the entire conditional distribution of the level, slope and curvature factors, and hence can accommodate, via the lower quantiles, the zero lower bound situation seen in our sample period. Using this robust model, we find overwhelming evidence of causality from the two oil shocks and the risk shock for the entire conditional distribution of the three factors, suggesting the predictability of the entire U.S. term structure based on information contained in oil and financial market innovations. Our results have important implications for academics, investors and policymakers.
Synthesis of biologically important 4‐Phenyl‐C‐glycosyl‐1,2,3‐triazole derivatives by Cu(I)‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition
Authors: Ponnapalli Kalyana K. , Kawade Sachin K. , Adak Avijit K. , Wu Hsin‐Ru , Lin Chun‐Cheng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA new series of 4‐phenyl‐C‐glycosyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles were synthesized using Cu(I)‐ catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition. The key step in the synthesis involved the coupling of unprotected glycosyl azides with substituted C‐glycosylated phenyl acetylenes. Using o‐phenylenediamine as a ligand, we could significantly reduce the reaction time, improve the product yield, and simplify the purification process. Broad substrate scope in terms of sugars was achieved.
Mechanical loading attenuates breast cancer‐associated bone metastasis in obese mice by regulating the bone marrow microenvironment
Authors: Huang Menglu , Liu Hong , Zhu Lei , Li Xinle , Li Jie , Yang Shuang , Liu Daquan , Song Xiaomeng , Yokota Hiroki , Zhang Ping 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBreast cancer, a common malignancy for women, preferentially metastasizes to bone and obesity elevates the chance of its progression. While mechanical loading can suppress obesity and tumor‐driven osteolysis, its effect on bone‐metastasized obese mice has not been investigated. Here, we hypothesized that mechanical loading can lessen obesity‐associated bone degradation in tumor‐invaded bone by regulating the fate of bone marrow‐derived cells. In this study, the effects of mechanical loading in obese mice were evaluated through X‐ray imaging, histology, cytology, and molecular analyses. Tumor inoculation to the tibia elevated body fat composition, osteolytic lesions, and tibia destruction, and these pathologic changes were stimulated by the high‐fat diet (HFD). However, mechanical loading markedly reduced these changes. It suppressed osteoclastogenesis by downregulating receptor activator of nuclear factor Kappa‐B ligand and cathepsin K and promoted osteogenesis, which was associated with the upregulation of OPG and downregulation of C/enhancer‐binding protein alpha and proliferator‐activated receptor gamma for adipogenic differentiation. Furthermore, it decreased the levels of tumorigenic genes such as Rac1, MMP9, and interleukin 1β. In summary, this study demonstrates that although a HFD aggravates bone metastases associated with breast cancer, mechanical loading significantly protected tumor‐invaded bone by regulating the fate of bone marrow‐derived cells. The current study suggests that mechanical loading can provide a noninvasive, palliative option for alleviating breast cancer‐associated bone metastasis, in particular for obese patients.
Effects of sarcopenia and malnutrition on morbidity and mortality in gynecologic cancer surgery: results of a prospective study
Authors: Sehouli Jalid , Mueller Kristina , Richter Rolf , Anker Markus , Woopen Hannah , Rasch Julia , Grabowski Jacek P. , Prinz‐Theissing Eva , Inci Melisa Guelhan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundMalnutrition and sarcopenia often occur simultaneously in cancer patients and are thought to have harmful effects on both surgical and oncological outcomes. Therefore, we want to evaluate the effects of sarcopenia and malnutrition on severe postoperative complications and overall survival in gynecologic cancer patients.MethodsWe assessed nutritional parameters and run a bioelectrical impedance analysis in 226 women. Extracellular mass to body cell mass index, phase angle alpha, muscle mass, and fat mass were evaluated. To determine if patients suffer from sarcopenia, we ran the Timed ‘Up and Go’ test, performed hand grip strength, and calculated a skeletal muscle index. Postoperative complications were categorized using Clavien–Dindo Classification. Utilizing ROC analysis and logistic regression, we determined predictive clinical factors for severe postoperative complications. Kaplan–Meier method and log‐rank test were used for overall survival analysis.ResultsOf the 226 female patients, 120 (53%) had a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, 56 (26%) had a phase angle < 4.75°, and 68 (32%) were sarcopenic according to skeletal muscle index < 27%. Within 30 days after surgery, 40 (18%) patients developed severe postoperative complications, and 4% had died. According to multivariable regression analysis, ECOG status > 1 (OR 4.56, 95% CI: 1.46–14.28, P = 0.009), BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (OR 8.22, 95% CI: 3.01–22.48, P < 0.001), phase angle < 4.75° (OR 3.95, 95% CI: 1.71–9.10, P = 0.001), and tumour stage ≥ III A (OR 3.65, 95% CI: 1.36–9.76, P = 0.01) were predictors of severe postoperative complications. During 59 months of follow‐up, 108 (48%) patients had died. According to multivariable Cox regression ECOG status > 1 (HR 2.51, 95% CI: 1.25–5.03, P = 0.01), hypoalbuminemia (HR 2.15, 95% CI: 1.28–3.59, P = 0.004), phase angle < 4.5° (HR 1.76, 95% CI 1.07–2.90, P = 0.03), tumour stage ≥ III A (HR 2.61, 95% CI: 1.53–4.45, P < 0.001), and severe postoperative complications (HR 2.82, 95% CI: 1.80–4.41, P < 0.001) were predictors of overall mortality.ConclusionsWe observed that preoperatively assessed ECOG status > 1, BMI > 25 kg, as well as phase angle alpha < 4.75° and FIGO stage ≥ III A are significantly associated with severe postoperative complications within the first month. Whereas ECOG status > 1, hypoalbuminemia, phase angle < 4.5° as well as FIGO stage ≥ III A and severe postoperative complications within 30 days correlate significantly with poor overall survival.
Positionality practices and dimensions of impact on equity research: A collaborative inquiry and call to the community
Authors: Secules Stephen , McCall Cassandra , Mejia Joel Alejandro , Beebe Chanel , Masters Adam S. , L. Sánchez‐Peña Matilde , Svyantek Martina 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundMany engineering education researchers acknowledge that their positionality impacts their research. Practices for reporting positionality vary widely and rarely incorporate a nuanced discussion of the impact of demographic identities on research. Researchers holding marginalized or relatively hidden identities must navigate additional layers regarding transparency of their positionality.PurposeWe identify ways in which positionality impacts research, with a particular emphasis on demographic identity dimensions. We note that whether identities are relatively marginalized, privileged, hidden, or apparent in a research context creates complexities for conceptualizing, practicing, and disclosing one's positionality.MethodIn a collaborative inquiry informed by autoethnography, we assemble positionality reflections of current engineering education researchers to demonstrate the primary ways in which positionality impacts research.ResultsWe find that positionality impacts six fundamental aspects of research: research topic, epistemology, ontology, methodology, relation to participants, and communication. These aspects of research delve deeper than conceptions of positionality as a methodological limitation, a measure to prevent bias, or a requirement for research quality.ConclusionThe impact of positionality on research is complex, particularly when researchers occupy minoritized identities and for research topics that interrogate power relations between identity groups. By demonstrating the practices of interrogating and representing positionality, we hope to encourage more researchers to represent positionality transparently, thus making researchers' transparency safer for all. We argue that positionality is an important tool for reflecting on and dislocating privilege, particularly when working on equity research.
Genetic counselor approaches to BRCA1/2 direct‐to‐consumer genetic testing results
Authors: Burke Sarah , Mork Maureen , Qualmann Krista , Woodson Ashley , Jin Ha Min , Arun Banu , Kaulfus Meagan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommends clinical‐grade genetic testing to confirm commercial results from direct‐to‐consumer genetic testing (DTC‐GT) companies and third‐party interpretation (TPI) services; however, the type of confirmatory testing that genetic counselors (GCs) recommend remains uncharacterized. Therefore, we aimed to describe GCs testing strategies for patients who have already obtained DTC‐GT results (23andMe) or TPI data (Promethease) that reported a BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant. We invited GCs specializing in clinical cancer genetics to complete an online survey distributed to members of the National Society of Genetic Counselors. The survey, completed by 80 respondents, contained case scenarios featuring probands with variable personal and family histories of cancer. Our results show that the majority of participating GCs have counseled patients for their health‐related commercial test results; 94% have encountered patient DTC‐GT reports (3 per year), and 69% have encountered patient TPI data (2 per year). Most participating GCs would recommend confirmatory clinical‐grade testing for probands with a positive 23andMe BRCA1/2 result (77/80, 96%). However, there was strong variability between the type of recommended testing. Approximately 20% recommended single‐site analysis, 11%–14% recommended the three Ashkenazi Jewish BRCA1/2 founder mutations, 4% recommended BRCA1/2 testing, and 61%–64% recommended multi‐gene panel testing. The most commonly recommended panels were split between a breast and gynecological cancer‐focused panel and a broad pan‐cancer panel. The majority of participants (98%–100%) would also recommend confirmatory testing for patients with positive TPI data for BRCA1/2. Similarly, results were mixed between those who recommended targeted, single‐site analysis (10%–15%) compared to a multi‐gene panel (72%–83%). These data show that while most GCs were uniform in their practice of recommending confirmatory testing, they are mixed in their approach to the specific type of testing they would select. These results may help inform counseling approaches and consensus for this expanding group of patients.
Benzodiazepine and zolpidem prescriptions during autologous stem cell transplantation
Authors: Banerjee Rahul , Lazar Ann A. , Dunn Lisa , Knoche Jennifer , Lo Mimi , Arora Shagun , Wong Sandy W. , Wolf Jeffrey L. , Martin Thomas G. , Dhruva Anand , Shah Nina 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMultiple myeloma patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) may receive benzodiazepine or zolpidem‐class (B/Z) medications despite their risks in older patients. Of 205 myeloma patients (36% aged 65+) who underwent ASCT at our institution between 2017 and 2018, we found that B/Z prescription rates for anxiety/insomnia rose significantly from 26% before ASCT to 38% at discharge and 39% at Day +100. B/Z initiation while hospitalized was a strong predictor of B/Z persistence at Day +100. Our findings highlight the role of these potentially inappropriate medications during hospitalizations for ASCT, a period where nonpharmacologic strategies for managing anxiety/insomnia may be feasible.
Diagnosis value of SARS‐CoV‐2 antigen/antibody combined testing using rapid diagnostic tests at hospital admission
Authors: Veyrenche Nicolas , Bolloré Karine , Pisoni Amandine , Bedin Anne‐Sophie , Mondain Anne‐Marie , Ducos Jacques , Segondy Michel , Montes Brigitte , Pastor Patrick , Morquin David , Makinson Alain , Le Moing Vincent , Van de Perre Philippe , Foulongne Vincent , Tuaillon Edouard 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe implementation of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) may enhance the efficiency of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) testing, as RDTs are widely accessible and easy to use. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a diagnosis strategy based on a combination of antigen and immunoglobulin M (IgM) or immunoglobulin G (IgG) serological RDTs. Plasma and nasopharyngeal samples were collected between 14 March and 11 April 2020 at hospital admission from 45 patients with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) confirmed COVID‐19 and 20 negative controls. SARS‐CoV‐2 antigen (Ag) was assessed in nasopharyngeal swabs using the Coris Respi‐Strip. For IgM/IgG detection, SureScreen Diagnostics and Szybio Biotech RDTs were used in addition to laboratory assays (Abbott Alinity i SARS‐CoV‐2 IgG and Theradiag COVID‐19 IgM enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay). Using the Ag RDT, 13 out of 45 (29.0%) specimens tested positive, the sensitivity was 87.0% for cycle threshold (Ct) values ≤25% and 0% for Ct values greater than 25. IgG detection was associated with high Ct values and the amount of time after the onset of symptoms. The profile of isolated IgM on RDTs was more frequently observed during the first and second week after the onset of symptoms. The combination of Ag and IgM/IgG RDTs enabled the detection of up to 84.0% of COVID‐19 confirmed cases at hospital admission. Antigen and antibody‐based RDTs showed suboptimal performances when used alone. However when used in combination, they are able to identify most COVID‐19 patients admitted in an emergency department.