bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic cyclic voltammetry, and molecular docking study on the molecular interaction between synthesized blue emitting nitrogen‐doped carbon dots and human serum albumin
Authors: Liu Yufeng , Zhang Lizhi , Liang YuanHao , Yang Hongtian , Guo Xingjia , Dong Wei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFluorescent carbon dots are a promising drug carrier and bio‐sensor material. The study between human serum albumin and carbon dots could explore the possible interaction mechanism. In this paper, melamine was adopted as passivating agent and citric acid as carbon source, high fluorescence nitrogen doped carbon dots (N‐CDs) were synthetized by one‐pot solid phase pyrolysis successfully. The obtained blue emissive N‐CDs with an average particle size of 2.8 ± 0.7 nm displayed an excitation‐dependent photoluminescence behavior, and the fluorescence quantum yield was estimated to be 12.8%. Moreover, the N‐CDs contained abundant hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amine groups. The molecular interaction between as‐prepared N‐CDs and HSA was systematically investigated in vitro through several spectroscopic methods associated with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and molecular docking. The quenching mechanism of HSA by N‐CDs was static through forming the HSA‐N‐CDs complex, and both hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces were the fundamental driving forces in the spontaneous binding process. The distance between N‐CDs and HSA was 2.2 nm on the basis of Förster's theory. The competitive binding experiment showed that the binding of N‐CDs was primarily in site I of HSA. Through the analysis of circular dichroism (CD), synchronous fluorescence, and three‐dimensional fluorescence spectra, the secondary structure of HSA was altered in the presence of N‐CDs and the polarity around the amino acid residues of HSA was not changed. Besides, molecular simulation was applied to determine the possible binding situation. Our study explored the interaction mechanism of N‐CDs with HSA, which provided some valuable information for understanding the structure and function of proteins as well as the transport and metabolism of N‐CDs.
Prediction the structure, mechanical properties and melting point ofD8m‐Mo5SiB2andCmcm‐Mo5SiB2
Authors: Pu Delin , Pan Yong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMo5SiB2is an ideal candidate for high temperature material. Although the D8l‐Mo5SiB2has been published, the other phases and the related properties of Mo5SiB2are still unclear. Here, two possible Mo5SiB2phases (D8m‐Mo5SiB2andCmcm‐Mo5SiB2) are predicted by using the first principles method. The structural stability, mechanical properties, melting point and electronic structure of Mo5SiB2are studied. The results show that the D8m‐Mo5SiB2andCmcm‐Mo5SiB2are thermodynamically and dynamically stables. The calculated bulk elastic modulus, shear modulus and Young's modulus of theCmcm‐Mo5SiB2are close to D8l‐Mo5SiB2. In addition, the predictedCmcm‐Mo5SiB2has high melting point (2518.5°C) compared to the D8l‐Mo5SiB2and D8m‐Mo5SiB2. In particular, the predicted D8m‐Mo5SiB2exhibits better plasticity than the D8l‐Mo5SiB2. The calculated density of states and Mulliken overlap population shows that the D8m‐Mo5SiB2andCmcm‐Mo5SiB2all exhibit metallic behavior. The metallic behavior mainly depends on the electronic interaction between Mo atom and B atom near Fermi level. Furthermore, the bond length of Mo‐B bond in the D8m‐Mo5SiB2is longer than the other two structures, which may be the reason why the ductility of the former is better than the latter.
Carbon‐ZnO Composite Synthesized from ZIF‐8 Depositing Vegetable Biomass for Efficient Removal of Phosphate from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Zhu Rixin , Zhang Zhaoran , Li Jing , Yan Liangguo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn order to combine the advantage of biochar and zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF‐8), the carbon‐ZnO composite were prepared by calcination the hybrid of two vegetable biomasses (rape, Ra, Brassia campestris L. and Chinese cabbage, Cc, Brassica rapa pekinensis) and ZIF‐8. The characterization results showed Cc‐ZnO and Ra‐ZnO had the random, irregular and hollow structure. The adsorptive removal of carbon‐ZnO composite for aqueous phosphate was performed using batch equilibrium method. Both Cc‐ZnO and Ra‐ZnO showed higher adsorption capacities than the pristine biochars and ZIF‐8, and Ra‐ZnO can remove phosphate quickly within 60 min. The adsorption kinetic data were consistent to the pseudo‐second‐order equation and the isothermal data followed the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The main interactions of phosphate adsorption by Cc‐ZnO and Ra‐ZnO were electrostatic attraction and surface complexation. The above results indicated the carbon‐ZnO composite could be used as a promising adsorbent to treat wastewater containing phosphate.
High‐Level Electron Correlation of the Indirect Nuclear Spin‐Spin Coupling Constants in Some Small Diboranes and Lithium‐Doped Diboranes
Authors: Santos Neto Antonio P. , Rivelino Roberto , Pagola Gabriel I. , Provasi Patricio F. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe have investigated the spin‐spin coupling constants (SSCC's) of diborane(4) and diborane(6), their Li‐doped counterparts, and the dimerization of diborane(6), using the second order polarization propagator approximation with coupled cluster singled and double [SOPPA(CCSD)] substitutions. We employed an adapted basis set to perform the calculations of their SSCC's. Energetically, from optimized structures at second‐order Møller‐Plesset perturbation theory, our results indicate that the stable isomers of diborane(4) may exist as independent molecular entities, separate by
20 kJ/mol, obtained in our best level of calculation. Distinct geometric configurations and energetic stability are well related to the nuclear coupling mechanism in these diborane compounds. We found that dimerization of diborane(6) is possible with different symmetries, although it does not significantly change the geometric parameters of the monomers. This is also confirmed by the SSCC's calculations with SOPPA(CCSD).
The Effects of Multiple‐Exposure Textual Enhancement on Child L2 Learners’ Development in Derivational Morphology: A Multi‐Site Study
Authors: Révész Andrea , Bunting Leona , Florea Adrian , Gilabert Roger , Hård af Segerstad Ylva , Mihu Ioan P. , Parry Cliff , Benton Laura , Vasalou Asimina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMuch research exists on the role of textual enhancement in instructed second language (L2) development, yet little is known about how its effectiveness is influenced by multiple exposures, whether it can facilitate the acquisition of L2 derivational morphology, and how it may affect child language learning. To fill these gaps, this study employed a six‐week multiple‐exposure design to investigate the extent which to textual enhancement can benefit children’s knowledge of L2 derivational morphemes. The study employed a pretest‐posttest design, with six treatment sessions. Participants were 91 L2 learners of English in two primary school EFL contexts (Romania, Sweden). In each context, participants were randomly assigned to two groups: the +highlight group received textually enhanced texts, whereas the –highlight group read unenhanced texts during the treatment. The children read the texts through a digital reader application during their English lessons. The target constructions were the –ion and –ment morphemes. The pretest and posttest included a non‐word derivational suffix choice and a nonword derivational suffix decomposition task. Results of linear mixed effects models found a small advantage of textual enhancement for the acquisition of the –ion morpheme by Swedish learners on the suffix choice task, but Romanian learners showed no benefits from highlighting.
Bending the Bruhat-Tits tree. Part I. Tensor network and emergent Einstein equations
Authors: Chen Lin , Liu Xirong , Hung Ling-Yan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
As an extended companion paper to [1], we elaborate in detail how the tensor network construction of a p-adic CFT encodes geometric information of a dual geometry even as we deform the CFT away from the fixed point by finding a way to assign distances to the tensor network. In fact we demonstrate that a unique (up to normalizations) emergent graph Einstein equation is satisfied by the geometric data encoded in the tensor network, and the graph Einstein tensor automatically recovers the known proposal in the mathematics literature, at least perturbatively order by order in the deformation away from the pure Bruhat-Tits Tree geometry dual to pure CFTs. Once the dust settles, it becomes apparent that the assigned distance indeed corresponds to some Fisher metric between quantum states encoding expectation values of bulk fields in one higher dimension. This is perhaps a first quantitative demonstration that a concrete Einstein equation can be extracted directly from the tensor network, albeit in the simplified setting of the p-adic AdS/CFT.
Neuropathologie der Demenzen
Authors: Klotz Sigrid , Gelpi Ellen 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungDemenz ist die klinische Folge verschiedener neurologischer Erkrankungen mit einer Vielzahl von Ätiologien. Dabei ist die genaue Kenntnis der zugrunde liegenden pathologischen Veränderungen entscheidend für die passgenaue Versorgung der Patienten und für die Entwicklung geeigneter Krankheitsbiomarker. Eine definitive Diagnose vieler dieser Erkrankungen, insbesondere der neurodegenerativen Formen, kann nur nach gründlicher postmortaler neuropathologischer Untersuchung gestellt werden. Dies unterstreicht die Wichtigkeit der Durchführung einer Gehirnautopsie und die Relevanz einer engen Zusammenarbeit zwischen Klinikern, Neuroradiologen und Neuropathologen sowie mit Grundlagenforschern. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, einen kurzen Überblick über die Neuropathologie der Demenz mit Schwerpunkt auf neurodegenerative Erkrankungen zu geben, um die interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit weiter zu fördern.
The Norm of a Skew Polynomial
Authors: Pumplün S. , Thompson D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractLet D be a finite-dimensional division algebra over its center and R = D[t;σ,δ] a skew polynomial ring. Under certain assumptions on δ and σ, the ring of central quotients D(t;σ,δ) = {f/g|f ∈ D[t;σ,δ],g ∈ C(D[t;σ,δ])} of D[t;σ,δ] is a central simple algebra with reduced norm N. We calculate the norm N(f) for some skew polynomials f ∈ R and investigate when and how the reducibility of N(f) reflects the reducibility of f.
Curved-ribbon-based track modelling for minimum lap-time optimisation
Authors: Lovato S. , Massaro M. , Limebeer D. J. N. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThree-dimensional road models for vehicular minimum-lap-time manoeuvring are typically based on curvilinear coordinates and generalizations of the Frenet–Serret formulae. These models describe the road as a parametrized ‘ribbon’, which can be described in terms of three curvature variables. In this abstraction the road is assumed laterally flat. While this class of road models is appropriate in many situations, this is not always the case. In this research we extend the laterally-flat ribbon-type road model to include lateral curvature. This accommodates the case in which the road camber can change laterally across the track. Lateral-position-dependent camber is introduced as a generalisation that is required for some race tracks. A race track model with lateral curvature is constructed using high-resolution LiDAR measurement data. These ideas are demonstrated on a NASCAR raceway, which is characterized by large changes in lateral camber angle ($$\approx 10^\circ$$

≈

10
∘

) on some parts of the track. A free-trajectory optimization is employed to solve a minimum-lap-time optimal control problem. The calculations highlight the practically observed importance of lateral camber variations.
Serum fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) as a potential biomarker of inflammation in psoriasis
Authors: Kozłowska Dorota , Myśliwiec Hanna , Harasim-Symbor Ewa , Milewska Anna Justyna , Chabowski Adrian , Flisiak Iwona 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) is elevated in psoriatic keratinocytes and could be involved in systemic metabolic disturbances in psoriasis. The aim of the study was to evaluate serum FABP5 in obese and non-obese psoriatic patients, to assess the relationship between FABP5 and the duration, severity of the disease, inflammatory and metabolic markers and influence of treatment with narrowband—ultraviolet B (NB-UVB). Seventy-four patients (30 treated with NB-UVB) with psoriasis were enrolled in the study. The serum concentrations of FABP5 were measured using Human FABP5 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay kit. Serum fatty acids were measured by gas–liquid chromatography. Serum FABP5 levels in psoriatic patients were higher versus control group (P < 0.001). FABP5 in patients with PASI > 20 was higher compared to the mild group (PASI < 10) (P < 0.001) and serum FABP5 correlated positively with PASI score (r = 0.41, P < 0.001). There was also positive correlation between FABP5 and basic inflammation indices. Decrease of PASI after NB-UVB treatment (P < 0.001) was observed and accompanied by decrease of the serum FABP5 (P = 0.007). FABP5 is a potential marker of psoriasis, its severity and clinical outcome after therapy with NB-UVB. FABP5 may reflect metabolic disturbances in psoriatic patients.
Landscape/mindscape/langscape: The ephemerality of the digital and of the real in Marlene Creates’s video-poems for ice and snow
Authors: Concilio Carmen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe present essay aims at illustrating Marlene Creates’s web project Brickle, nish, and knobbly (2015), as a key example of Eco-Digital Humanities. First of all, it is a digital work of art made of ice images. Besides, it is also a digital archive meant to salvage a linguistic treasury of local idioms that both name and describe all types of snow and ice formations in Newfoundland, Canada. Therefore, the present analysis proves the special quality and inevitable ephemeral status of this project, for it constitutes a multimodal and multimedia web-archive, subject to possible erasure, or obsolescence in the face of new computer programmes and platforms developments. The archive is also an open instrument for everybody’s use: a digital audio-visual (poetic) dictionary, that ultimately functions as a challenge to climate change effects, that might dissolve both the ice formations and the language that accompanies them. Since the real world is no less ephemeral than the world of the web, this contribution also proves how Marlene Creates’s artwork envisions and embraces an ecological salvaging of our present and future landscape, mindscape, and langscape.
Towards a reliable implementation of least-squares collocation for higher index differential-algebraic equations—Part 2: the discrete least-squares problem
Authors: Hanke Michael , März Roswitha 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn the two parts of the present note we discuss questions concerning the implementation of overdetermined least-squares collocation methods for higher index differential-algebraic equations (DAEs). Since higher index DAEs lead to ill-posed problems in natural settings, the discrete counterparts are expected to be very sensitive, which attaches particular importance to their implementation. We provide in Part 1 a robust selection of basis functions and collocation points to design the discrete problem whereas we analyze the discrete least-squares problem and substantiate a procedure for its numerical solution in Part 2.
Identification of Elite Potato Clones with Resistance to Late Blight Through Participatory Varietal Selection in Peru
Authors: Gastelo Manuel , Burgos Gabriela , Bastos Carolina , Perez Juan Miguel , Otiniano Ronal , Cabrera Hector , Ccanto Raul , de Scurrah Maria Mayer , Felde Thomas zum 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPotato is the most important crop in Peru and late blight is the main disease affecting the crop. However, new varieties that are resistant to late blight often lack other traits that farmers and consumers prefer. Using participatory varietal selection, this study seeks to identify clones with high potential to become varieties with resistance to late blight but also feature a high marketable tuber yield and other preferred agronomic traits. During 2016–2017, 36 clones previously selected for high levels of resistance to late blight from population B developed by the International Potato Center, and three varieties used as controls (INIA 302 Amarilis moderately resistant, INIA303 Canchan and Yungay susceptible to late blight), were evaluated in five Peruvian locations. At harvest, five clones were selected based on (i) evaluations made by farmers through Participatory Varietal Selection, (ii) analysis of mixed models and Best Linear Unbiased Predictors for tuber yield, (iii) low glycoalkaloid content in tubers, and (iv) good organoleptic quality. These clones were evaluated again during 2017–2018 in four locations. Resistance to late blight and good marketable tuber yields were identified as the most important criteria for the selection of a new potato variety. The clones CIP308488.92, CIP308495.227 and CIP308478.59 were selected as promising clones having resistance to late blight and tuber yield superior to the local varieties, INIA-303 Canchan, Yungay, as well as good organoleptic quality and low glycoalkaloid content. These clones can be suggested for variety release in similar agroecological environments.
Infrared small target detection based on region proposal and CNN classifier
Authors: Fan Mingming , Tian Shaoqing , Liu Kai , Zhao Jiaxin , Li Yunsong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractInfrared small target detection has been a challenging task due to the weak radiation intensity of targets and the complexity of the background. Traditional methods using hand-designed features are usually effective for specific background and have the problems of low detection rate and high false alarm rate in complex infrared scene. In order to fully exploit the features of infrared image, this paper proposes an infrared small target detection method based on region proposal and convolution neural network. Firstly, the small target intensity is enhanced according to the local intensity characteristics. Then, potential target regions are proposed by corner detection to ensure high detection rate of the method. Finally, the potential target regions are fed into the classifier based on convolutional neural network to eliminate the non-target regions, which can effectively suppress the complex background clutter. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively reduce the false alarm rate, and outperform other state-of-the-art methods in terms of subjective visual impression and quantitative evaluation metrics.
Vom Problem mit der Bestimmung des Fallproblems
Authors: Rüegger Cornelia 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag geht der Frage nach, wie Sozialarbeitende ein Wissen darüber entwickeln, was die Fallproblematik ausmacht und welcher Hilfe es bedarf. Es zeigt sich, dass die Fallkonstitution eine komplexe Herstellungsleistung ist und welche Herausforderungen und Fallstricke damit einhergehen. Dabei sticht die Selektivität bezüglich der verarbeiteten Informationen ebenso hervor wie die Bedeutung organisational vorgegebener Relevanzen.
Laboratory evaluation of caricaceae plant as a locally sourced surfactant for gas hydrate inhibition in a laboratory mini flow loop
Authors: Elechi Virtue Urunwo , Ikiensikimama Sunday Sunday , Ajienka Joseph Atubokiki , Akaranta Onyewuchi Emmanuel , Okon Okon Efiong 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe oil and gas business is serious business and involves millions of dollars so whatever mitigates flow assurance is taken seriously. One of such things is natural gas hydrates. Hydrates are crystalline solids formed when water under low temperatures and high pressures encapsulated natural gases (C1–C4). They form blockages and impede the flow of gas which can lead to the loss of millions of dollars and at times lead to personnel death. Mitigation of gas hydrates has always been with chemicals especially for areas like deep offshore where accessibility is difficult. The chemicals that are in use currently are generally synthetic, expensive and hazardous to lives and environment hence the need for readily available locally sourced materials that are eco-friendly. This study considers and screens a locally sourced surfactant from the plant family caricaceae’ Extract (CE) as a gas hydrate inhibitor in a locally fabricated 39.4-inch mini flow loop of ½ inch internal diameter (ID) which mimics the offshore environment. Various pressure plots (pressure versus time, initial and final pressure versus time and change in pressure versus time) show that the CE performed better than MEG with percentage volumes of gas left in the system for 0.01–0.05 wt% of the extract having values that ranged from 76.7 to 87.33, while volume left for MEG ranged between 70 and 74.67% (1–5 wt%). The CE performed better in small doses compared to those of MEG, in all weight percentages of study. Furthermore, the inhibition capacities which show the level of performance of the inhibitors was also used as a measure of inhibition for both inhibitors. The CE inhibited systems had values of 69.3, 80.7, 78.07, 79.82, and 83.3%, while that of the MEG inhibited system was 60.53, 55.26, 73.68, 72.81, and 66.67% for the various weight percentages considered. The CE should be developed as gas hydrate inhibitors due to its effectiveness and eco-friendliness.
Assessing the contribution of mobility in the European Union to rubber expansion
Authors: Laroche Perrine C. S. J. , Schulp Catharina J. E. , Kastner Thomas , Verburg Peter H. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNearly three-quarters of global natural rubber production is used to produce tyres, supporting mobility around the globe. The projected increase in mobility could contribute to further expansion of rubber plantations and impact tropical ecosystems. We quantified the use of natural rubber in tyres in the European Union (EU), the corresponding land footprint, and explored drivers of tyre use using country-specific transport statistics and trade registers of rubber goods. Five percent of the world’s natural rubber is consumed in tyres used in the EU, using up to a quarter of the area under rubber plantations in some producing countries. Car use is responsible for 58% of this consumption, due to car-dependent lifestyles that are associated with economic prosperity and spatial planning paradigms. While the EU’s transport policy focuses on reducing dependence on fossil-fuels, cross-cutting policies are needed to address car-dependency and reduce the EU’s land footprint in tropical landscapes without compromising progress towards decarbonisation.