bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P066 Real-World Experience of Ustekinumab in Crohn's Disease Patients With Prior Anti-TNF Therapy at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Tripathi Kartikeya , Groudan Kevin , Chalhoub Jean , Yedla Arushika , Singhania Rohit 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:
Ustekinumab (UST) is a monoclonal antibody against the p40 subunit of IL-12/23. It is approved for the treatment of moderate to severe Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis. We performed a retrospective study to demonstrate the efficacy and outcomes of UST in CD patients who received prior anti-TNF therapies.

METHODS:
We collected a list of all patients who received UST until May 2021. In addition, the list was screened for patients who were on anti-TNFs for treatment of CD in the past. Data was collected for patient demographics, disease characteristics, comorbidities, disease phenotype, age of initiation of UST, prior biologic therapy, time since last biologic therapy, concomitant use of steroids or immunomodulator, inflammatory markers, induction of remission, deep remission. Chi-square tests were used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS:
We identified 34 patients (59% females) with CD on UST who failed at least one anti-TNFs before induction with UST. Clinical remission was documented in 70.5% of patients. 29 percent of patients who achieved clinical remission were on concomitant steroids or immunomodulators at the time of induction of remission along with UST. Fifty percent of patients had a fistulizing disease, of which 70% achieved clinical remission with UST. C-reactive protein (CRP) was reported in 70 percent of patients. Mean CRP prior to initiation of UST was 2.4. CRP trended down to 1.98 (p = 0.079, 95% CI: -0.064-1.08). Eighteen percent of patients had fecal calprotectin reported. Mean fecal calprotectin before initiation of UST was 386, and it trended down 175 while on UST (p = 0.148, 95% CI: -106.25-528.46).

CONCLUSION:
Our study demonstrates that remission rates in CD patients who have failed prior anti-TNF therapy are high, including for patients with perianal disease. In patients with fistulizing CD, we suggest using UST for higher rates of remission after induction. We also found that for fecal calprotectin, although an excellent surrogate of colon inflammation, compliance amongst patients remains low.
Diarrhea, Dysbiosis, Dysfunction, and the Disastrous Global Health Consequences: Piecing the Puzzle Together
Authors: Frese Steven , Riddle Mark S. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The burden of diarrheal infections globally, including the chronic health consequences, is an important problem. Herein we describe a recent paper published by the Journal and describe how it fits within and advances our knowledge in this area.
La sección Discusión en artículos de Ciencias Agrarias: legitimación y defensa de resultados
Authors: Moyano Estela Inés 
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar si existen patrones comunes de estructura esquemática y uso predominante de recursos lingüísticos en las Discusiones de artículos científicos en el área de las Ciencias Agrarias. Para ello, se analizó manualmente un corpus de cuatro textos desde la perspectiva de género en el marco de la lingüística sistémico-funcional. Como resultado, se encontraron dos patrones de realización, representados por dos géneros diferentes. Uno de ellos es la garantía de la investigación, género que se propone legitimar los resultados hallados en el trabajo, de suerte de persuadir a los lectores y garantizar que resultan pertinentes para incorporarse al cuerpo de conocimiento disciplinar en el área de estudio. El segundo es la justificación analítica, que se propone lograr la alineación de los lectores en defensa de una Tesis propuesta, de manera explícita o implícita, desde la introducción del trabajo. Los recursos discursivos más destacados en los textos para lograr este propósito resultaron ser los de la periodicidad, que permite organizar la información en el texto, los de conjunción, particularmente realizados como metáforas lógicas y los de valoración en el discurso, particularmente del subsistema de compromiso. Pese a la justificación del tamaño del corpus basado en el concepto de instanciación, los resultados obtenidos deben ser considerados preliminares hasta tanto pueda explorarse un número mayor de textos.
Water-droplet erosion behavior of high-velocity oxygen-fuel-sprayed coatings for steam turbine blades
Authors: Li Dingjun , Jiang Peng , Sun Fan , Yuan Xiaohu , Zhang Jianpu , Cao Xiaoying 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The water-droplet erosion of low-pressure steam turbine blades under wet steam environments can alter the vibration characteristics of the blade, and lead to its premature failure. Using high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) sprayed water-droplet erosion resistant coating is beneficial in preventing the erosion failure, while the erosion behavior of such coatings is still not revealed so far. Here, we examined the water-droplet erosion resistance of Cr3C2–25NiCr and WC–10Co–4Cr HVOF sprayed coatings using a pulsed water jet device with different impingement angles. Combined with microscopic characterization, indentation, and adhesion tests, we found that: (1) both of the coatings exhibited a similar three-stage erosion behavior, from the formation of discrete erosion surface cavities and continuous grooves to the broadening and deepening of the groove, (2) the erosion rate accelerates with the increasing impingement angle of the water jet; besides, the impingement angle had a nonlinear effect on the cumulative mass loss, and 30° sample exhibited the smallest mass loss per unit area (3) an improvement in the interfacial adhesion strength, fracture toughness, and hardness of the coating enhanced the water-droplet erosion resistance. These results provide guidance pertaining to the engineering application of water erosion protective coatings on steam turbine blades.
Zur Rolle von Bitcoin für Finanzmarktaktivismus
Authors: Hütten Moritz 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Die Finanzkrise von 2007/2008 gilt weithin als die schwerwiegendste globale Finanzkrise seit der Großen Depression. Während Akteure der etablierten Institutionen des Finanzsystems seinerzeit versucht haben, durch hektische Eingriffe den Kollaps des Finanzsystems abzuwenden, haben verschiedenen Protestbewegungen begonnen, über Alternativen nachzudenken. Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit einem aktivistischen Alternativgeldexperiment, das uns seitdem besonders beschäftigt hat: Bitcoin. Dabei wird untersucht, wie sich Bitcoin seit seinen Anfängen entwickelt hat, welche Fragen es aufgeworfen hat und welche Implikationen sich aus den Erfahrungen mit diesem Experiment ergeben.
Quo vadis »Geld«?
Authors: Eibl Alfred , Priesemann Johannes 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
In den letzten Jahren wurden neue digitale Finanzdienstleistungsangebote entwickelt, die zu einem wachsenden Anteil außerhalb des regulierten Bankensystems abgewickelt werden. Eine wichtige Rolle spielen dabei neue Formen von privatem Geld wie Kryptowährungen und Stable Coins. Die Zentralbanken arbeiten deshalb am „digitalen Zentralbankgeld“, um den privaten Anbietern eine stabile öffentliche Alternative entgegen zu setzen. Wir stellen die Chancen und Risiken der aktuellen Entwicklungen dar und fordern die überfällige Rückgewinnung demokratischer Governance über die Geldpolitik. Es geht darum, ob unser öffentliches Geld in den digitalen Netzen in der Zukunft eine Rolle spielt und ob und wie unsere Währungsbehörden die Kontrolle behalten.
Multiperspektivität als Schlüssel zur Kontingenz von Zugehörigkeit. Der organisierte Umzug von deutsch-polnischen Arbeitern und ihren Familien aus dem Ruhrgebiet nach Frankreich von 1922 bis 1925
Authors: Friedrichs Anne 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Seit dem kurzen „Sommer der Migration“ 2015 sind Fragen, ob, unter welchen Bedingungen und mit welchen Folgen Zugezogene Teil der Gesellschaft oder bloß zeitweise geduldete Arbeitskräfte, Geflohene oder Asylsuchende sind, in der Politik und Öffentlichkeit wieder heftig umstritten. Dahinter wiederum steckt die tiefer greifende Frage, nach welchen Kriterien gegenwärtig wie historisch die Zugehörigkeit zu einer „Gesellschaft“ bemessen wird. Anknüpfend an neuere, relational vorgehende Ansätze zur Analyse von menschlicher Mobilität befasst sich der Aufsatz mit dem organisierten Umzug von deutsch-polnischen Arbeitern und ihren Familien aus dem Ruhrgebiet nach Frankreich zu Beginn und während der Ruhrbesetzung. Er zeigt auf der Ebene der historischen Interpretation, dass eine Untersuchung des Ruhrgebiets als eines von Mobilität geprägten Wirtschaftsraums geeignet ist, um – aufbauend auf den geschichtswissenschaftlichen Arbeiten zu Grenzregionen wie dem Elsass, Oberschlesien und Böhmen – verschiedene Formen zu erfassen, wie und mit welchen Konsequenzen sich Zugehörigkeitskonstruktionen unter den Bedingungen umstrittener staatlicher Souveränitäten etwa im Zuge des Ersten Weltkriegs oder der Auflösung der europäischen Imperien verändert haben. Zweitens wird auf methodologischer Ebene argumentiert, dass eine multiperspektivische Analyse besonders aufschlussreich ist, um Vorgänge zur Kategorisierung und Neuverortung von Menschen genauer zu erfassen und ihr Zusammenwirken auch in Hinsicht auf ihre langfristigen Auswirkungen auf die Kategorisierten besser zu verstehen. Im Kontext der Bemühungen in den Sozial- und Kulturwissenschaften, Zugehörigkeiten primär biographisch und situativ zu erfassen, können Historikerinnen und Historiker auf diese Weise dazu beitragen, das Ineinandergreifen von Selbstverortungen einerseits und organisierten, häufig rechtlich bindenden Zuordnungsvorgängen andererseits zu diskutieren und verschiedene Zugehörigkeitskonstruktionen zu historisieren.
“You Don’t Know Who This Man Is”: Hospitality and Trauma in Alexandra Wood’s The Human Ear
Authors: Erdurucan Büşra 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper explores the themes of hospitality and trauma in Alexandra Wood’s The Human Ear (2015) by focusing on the modes of encounter with the Other in the play. As Lucy, a woman in her twenties, tries to come to terms with the death of her mother as a result of an unspecified bomb attack, she finds out that her estranged brother, Jason, killed himself. In the meantime, however, a man who claims to be her brother keeps turning up at her door, and through these encounters we can trace the possibilities and limits of hospitality. By referring to the theories of Emmanuel Levinas, Jacques Derrida, and Sara Ahmed on home and hospitality, this paper argues that in The Human Ear, the redefinition of the relationship with the Other is represented as a means to come to terms with trauma as Lucy’s process of welcoming the stranger is connected to her process of healing from trauma.
Memory, National Identity Formation, and (Neo)Colonialism in Hannah Khalil’s A Museum in Baghdad
Authors: Midhin Majeed Mohammed , Clare David , Abed Noor Aziz 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
According to Ernest Renan, a nation is formed by its collective memory; it is a country’s shared experiences which enable it to become (in Benedict Anderson’s much later coinage) an “imagined community.” Building on these ideas, commentators such as Kavita Singh and Lianne McTavish et al. have shown how museums play a key role in helping nations to form an identity and understand their past. However, as these critics and those from other disciplines (including postcolonial studies) have noted, museums can also reflect and reinforce the unequal power dynamics between nations which result from colonialism and neocolonialism. This article demonstrates that these ideas are directly relevant to the 2019 play A Museum in Baghdad by the Palestinian-Irish playwright Hannah Khalil. This play is set in the Museum of Iraq in three different time periods: “Then (1926), Now (2006), and Later” (an unspecified future date) (3). Khalil uses specific characters – most notably, Gertrude Bell during the “Then” sections, the Iraqi archaeologists Ghalia and Layla during the “Now” sections, and a “timeless” character called Nasiya who appears across the time periods – to question the degree to which the museum is perpetuating Western views of Iraq.
The Generation, Transformation, and Dissipation of the “Sixth Generation” Cinema in China: The Entropy Change of a Concept
Authors: Nie Wei 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Ever since its advent in the 1990s, the term “Sixth Generation,” as a postulated label, has so far run the course of three consecutive phases: generation, transformation, and dissipation. In the first phase (1990–2003), the Sixth Generation directors based their films on the authenticity of their individual experiences and significantly altered the structure of cinematic power and aesthetic expression in China. The second phase (2003–2008) witnessed the group’s entry into a period characterized by a “generation-less” narrative drawing closer to mainstream cultural capital, market, and filmic techniques. The market overexploited the label of the Sixth Generation, and its independent identity was corrupted. 2009 and 2010 constituted the third phase in which the Sixth Generation sought all the possibilities for market survival by shooting a wide range of films, from mainstream production to commercial films. Since 2011, the label “Sixth Generation” went through a process of self-dissolution. Nevertheless, these directors once again came together on the platform of new media, transforming their energy through microfilm and continuing to exert social influence directly or indirectly.
Teachers' Perspectives and Practices on Effective Teaching Methods and Strategies at a Primary School in Prishtina
Authors: Jahiu Edona 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study examined and analyzed nine teachers' teaching practices with children in the sixth to seventh grades of primary school. Effective teaching was discovered in this study to be dependent on three components of a classroom: 1) introduction – linking prior experience to the new issue; 2) sharing/discussing the primary topic; and 3) reflection/summarizing the lesson learned and new terms acquired. The findings indicated that students' learning and comprehension appeared to be contingent on the teacher's strategies for collaborating with students and constantly focusing their attention on the lesson (particularly on crucial features), which facilitated students' willingness to volunteer for discussion participation through open questions, constructive feedback, and so forth. Additionally, it provided teachers with insight on how to handle unforeseen classroom circumstances. For instance, numerous "attention-seeking" conflicts may arise, preventing the achievement of the objectives when time is spent on them. When reprimands and punishments are utilized, learners are reluctant to seek assistance or express their thoughts. Teachers must demonstrate their managerial competence by refraining to single out specific students in this situationAbstrakStudi ini meneliti dan menganalisis praktik mengajar sembilan guru dengan anak-anak di kelas enam hingga tujuh sekolah dasar. Pengajaran yang efektif ditemukan dalam penelitian ini bergantung pada tiga komponen ruang kelas: 1) pengantar – menghubungkan pengalaman sebelumnya dengan masalah baru; 2) berbagi/membahas topik utama; dan 3) refleksi/meringkas pembelajaran dan istilah-istilah baru yang diperoleh. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran dan pemahaman siswa tampaknya bergantung pada strategi guru untuk berkolaborasi dengan siswa dan terus-menerus memusatkan perhatian mereka pada pelajaran (terutama pada fitur-fitur penting), yang memfasilitasi kesediaan siswa untuk secara sukarela berpartisipasi dalam diskusi melalui pertanyaan terbuka, umpan balik yang membangun, dan sebagainya. Selain itu, ini memberi para guru wawasan tentang bagaimana menangani keadaan kelas yang tidak terduga. Misalnya, banyak konflik "mencari perhatian" mungkin muncul, mencegah pencapaian tujuan ketika waktu dihabiskan untuk itu. Ketika teguran dan hukuman digunakan, peserta didik enggan untuk mencari bantuan atau mengungkapkan pikiran mereka. Guru harus menunjukkan kompetensi manajerial mereka dengan menahan diri untuk memilih siswa tertentu dalam situasi ini.How to Cite: Jaihu, E. (2021). Teachers' Perspectives and Practices on Effective Teaching Methods and Strategies at a Primary School in Prishtina. TARBIYA: Journal of Education in Muslim Society, 8(1), 82-95. doi:10.15408/tjems.v8i1.20451.
Association Between Rapid Response Algorithms and Clinical Outcomes of Hospitalized Children
Authors: Sawicki Jonathan G. , Tower Dana , Vukin Elizabeth , Workman Jennifer K. , Stoddard Gregory J. , Burch Mary , Bracken Debbie R. , Hall Brooke , Henricksen Jared W. 
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate whether the implementation of clinical pathways, known as pediatric rapid response algorithms, within an existing rapid response system was associated with an improvement in clinical outcomes of hospitalized children.

METHODS
We retrospectively identified patients admitted to the PICU as unplanned transfers from the general medical and surgical floors at a single, freestanding children’s hospital between July 1, 2017, and January 31, 2020. We examined the impact of the algorithms on the rate of critical deterioration events. We used multivariable Poisson regression and an interrupted time series analysis to measure 2 possible types of change: an immediate implementation effect and an outcome trajectory over time.

RESULTS
We identified 892 patients (median age: 4 [interquartile range: 1–12] years): 615 in the preimplementation group, and 277 in the postimplementation group. Algorithm implementation was not associated with an immediate change in the rate of critical deterioration events but was associated with a downward rate trajectory over time and a postimplementation trajectory that was significantly less than the preimplementation trajectory (trajectory difference of −0.28 events per 1000 non-ICU patient days per month; 95% confidence interval −0.40 to −0.16; P &lt; .001).

CONCLUSIONS
Algorithm implementation was associated with a decrease in the rate of critical deterioration events. Because of the study’s observational nature, this association may have been driven by unmeasured confounding factors and the chosen implementation point. Nevertheless, the results are a promising start for future research into how clinical pathways within a rapid response system can improve care of hospitalized patients.
Trust Management of Other People's Property: Reform on the Warpath
Authors: Zikun I. I. 
Published: December 2021

The paper describes possible ways to reform the rules on trust management agreements in connection with the upcoming reform of Part II of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Currently, the reform of this part of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation is being carried out in relation to financial transactions, but the rules on intermediary transactions have not been changed, while the situation is complicated by the fact that the reform of property law has not taken place. The improvement of the provisions of Chapter 53 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation on trust management agreements is due to the development of economic relations for the management of corporate rights, securities, investments, pension contributions, the emergence of a number of new forms of investment activity, as well as a significant difference in the relationship of "consumer management" of property in family and inheritance law (management by virtue of the law), as well as "professional management" of property in investment and other business areas (voluntary transfer of property to management).The Anglo-American experience of the trust, as well as other models of "trust property" cannot be borrowed by Russian law in any form. The ownership right must remain unitary and cannot take any form. In view of this, the paper suggests using European alternative models of managing someone else's property in the form of mandatory legal institutions for conducting someone else's business using various forms of representation (direct and indirect) instead of the Anglo-American trust. The author considers the possibility of differentiating the professional and non-professional regime of managing someone else's property, the nature of the beneficial interest, the rules of segregation of the management object and the nature of the trustee's responsibility.
How to Become a Biostatistician: A study guide of Master's Degree in BioStatistics
Authors: Shahsavari S , Keshmiri F , Jambarsang S 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The aim of this study was to design of the study guide for the Master of BioStatistics program.
Methods: In order to develop the study guide, the literature was reviewed and the first draft of the study guide was compiled using the opinions of experts. Then the face and content validity of the index was assessed from the perspective of the faculty members of Biostatistics across the country through electronic survey.
Result: The present study guide includes a review of course titles, learning objectives and outcomes, educational prerequisites, a schedule of learning strategies, learning opportunities, assessment, and more resources for study. These titles are summarized in the present text. The face and content validity index were reported to be 87% and 92%, respectively.
Conclusion: It seems that access to the study guide at the beginning of a master's degree in Biostatistics can put the learner on a better learning path, and the need to develop a unified study guide at the national level can be beneficial for the learners.
The Relationship between Metacognitive Awareness and Academic Success of Medical students at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Akbarilakeh M , Sharifi¬Fard T 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Students' academic success is one of the important indicators of evaluating the performance of the higher education system. One of the factors influencing academic success is metacognitive awareness and knowledge and control of thinking and cognition. Therefore, assessment of its status helps in planning its promotion. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between metacognitive awareness and academic success of medical students at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: Pearson parametric correlation was performed after stratified sampling method concerning 255 medical students with Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI) of Schraw & Dennison (1994) with eight subscales and scoring of zero (incorrect) and one (correct). For academic success, the total grade point average was measured. The reliability and validity of the inventory were also determined.
Result: Out of 255 participants, 95 (37.3%) were male and 160 (62.7%) were female. The minimum and maximum ages were 19 and 26 years, respectively. Totally, 85 first-year students, 85 after-the-basic-sciences exam students, and 85 senior learners were present. The lowest and highest grade point averages were 10.9 and 19.6, respectively. The relationship between academic success and metacognitive awareness in general in all students using Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.791 at a significant level of 0.0001. There was the highest correlation between GPA and subscales of real knowledge as for metacognition and metacognition control, and information management. In all students, the highest mean rank of metacognitive skills was related to the dimension of performance effectiveness and strategy analysis.
Conclusion: There exists a relationship between students' metacognitive awareness and academic success at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences which can be used in educational planning.