bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beam-steering ultrasonic guided waves in a bone-mimicking plate by time-delaying the excitation of the elements in a multi-element array: a numerical study
Authors: Nguyen Hoai T.-L. , Nguyen Vu-Hieu , Bui Quyen T.-L. , Nguyen Kim-Cuong T. , Phan Haidang , Le Lawrence H. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present a numerical simulation of the beam-steering of ultrasonic guided waves in an isotropic and viscoelastic solid plate, which mimics bovine cortex. The excitation was modeled by a group of five finite-size emitters, each exercised a normal force to the bone plate. Beam steering was achieved by delaying the emitters’ firing. The simulation technique was implemented by a semi-analytical finite element scheme to compute the wave fields. At small steering angles, the simulated time-offset signals show mainly two groups of arrivals. The first group is the fast-traveling and high-frequency bulk waves and the second one is slow-traveling and low-frequency guided waves. The fast-traveling waves gradually diminish with increasing steering angles, in agreement with the excitation function of the source influence theory. The frequency-phase velocity dispersion maps also illustrate the phenomenon. The study has demonstrated that the lowest order Lamb asymmetrical mode, A
0, which is useful for bone characterization, can best be excited when the cortical bone thickness is thin, the beam angle is large, and the excited frequency is low.
AlGaN-based UV-B laser diode with a wavelength of 290 nm on 1 μm periodic concavo–convex pattern AlN on a sapphire substrate
Authors: Tanaka Shunya , Teramura Shohei , Shimokawa Moe , Yamada Kazuki , Omori Tomoya , Iwayama Sho , Sato Kosuke , Miyake Hideto , Iwaya Motoaki , Takeuchi Tetsuya , Kamiyama Satoshi , Akasaki Isamu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Room-temperature pulsed oscillation with a laser wavelength of 290 nm and a threshold current density of 35 kA cm−2 was achieved by fabricating a UV-B laser diode on a thick AlGaN film formed on a 1 μm periodic concavo–convex pattern AlN (PCCP-AlN) on a sapphire substrate. The advantage of this method using PCCP-AlN is that it promotes the nucleation of AlGaN crystals. Planarization of this growth nucleus with AlGaN reduces the threading dislocation density at the top of the AlGaN growth layer while suppressing the formation of giant micrometer-sized hillocks and V-shaped pits that appear irregularly.
De Rosalía de Castro a Ruth Matilda Anderson
Authors: Rodriguez Saavedra Alba 
Published: April 2021

En 1939 The Hispanic Society of America publicou o libro de Ruth Matilda Anderson Gallegan Provinces of Spain. Pontevedra and La Coruña, no que figuran o maior número de traducións ao inglés de textos de Rosalía de Castro con anterioridade a 1964. Ningún dos catálogos nin rexistros nos que se listan as aparicións de textos rosalianos noutras linguas recollen de maneira específica estas traducións de Anderson. Esta sería, por tanto, a primeira vez, que nós teñamos coñecemento, na que se detallan as primeiras traducións ao inglés destes seis escritos rosalianos. Ao se trataren de elementos paratextuais, segundo a definición de Genette (1987), debémolos considerar paratraducións (Garrido 2003-2004), cuxos niveis de análise —empírico, sociolóxico e discursivo— abordamos desde unha perspectiva feminista presente tantona autora (Rosalía de Castro), no sistema de orixe, coma na tradutora (Ruth Matilda Anderson), no sistema meta.
An analytical audit of twenty years of literary translation into Breton
Authors: Neal Baxter Robert 
Published: April 2021

After presenting the key role played by translation in strengthening the literary canon of minoritized languages, this paper goes on to provide a detailed overview and analysis of the past twenty years of Breton literary translation since the turn of the millennium, covering a variety of aspects ranging from the overall evolution over time, target publics, the genres and the authors selected for translation, the range of source languages and the translators themselves, integrating a gender-based outlook whenever necessary. Taken as an integral part of the publishing sector, comparisons are drawn throughout regarding originals published in Breton for the same period. Particular emphasis is also laid on gauging the initial of the Literary Translation Program as a means of determining and potentially redirecting theoverall strategy for literary translation going forwards.
Las coediciones de literatura infantil y juvenil
Authors: Domínguez Pérez Mónica 
Published: April 2021

En este trabajo se parte de la teoría de los polisitemas para analizar las coediciones de literatura infantil y juvenil entre las literaturas del ámbito español: la castellana, la catalana, la vasca y la gallega. A través de las coediciones realizadas y de la forma en que fueron producidas y recibidas, se puede observar la situación en que se encontraban los diferentes polisistemas implicados durante el período estudiado: 1940-1980. Como conclusión general, se puede decir que las instituciones de la literatura castellana apenas participan en las coediciones debido a la posición central de esta literatura en el ámbito español. La literatura catalana, por el contrario, lidera las relaciones de coedición, reflejando así no solo un mayor desarrollo de esta literatura, sino también un interés por fomentar otros polisistemas periféricos del ámbito español. Las literaturas gallega y vasca, por su parte, se encontraban en una situación más precaria, y por tanto su participación en las coediciones fue menos activa y más inestable.
Análise de Subtitle legends como ferramenta de formación para a tradución audiovisual e multimedia
Authors: Méndez González Ramón 
Published: April 2021

Dentro da formación de futuros profesionais da tradución, bótanse en falta máis ferramentas coas que traballar no ámbito da tradución audiovisual e multimedia, xa que se trata de traballar coa pantalla e os métodos de aprendizaxe tradicionais non logran recrear plenamente as situacións reais que pode atopar un tradutor profesional durante o desenvolvemento do seu labor. Nun intento de afrontar esta carencia de ferramentas, un grupo de investigación e un estudio de creación de videoxogos colaboraron para crear Subtitle Legends, unha ferramenta pensada especificamente para traballar as competencias en linguas estranxeiras e de tradución. No presente estudo analizamos as opcións que ofrece a ferramenta, así como as súas posibilidades dende un punto de vista formativo. Ademais, ofrecemos os resultados obtidosao empregar esta aplicación nunha pequena proba feita nunha aula de posgrao.
Función pulmonar en trabajadores de aserraderos en Guatemala
Authors: Palma Maynor Josue , Toledo Ana , Vela Miguel , Velásquez Juan , Miranda Otto 
Published: April 2021

Introducción: el polvo de madera afecta de manera directa la función pulmonar. La salud ocupacional es de suma importancia, los trabajadores de aserraderos, tienen mayor riesgo de contraer enfermedades respiratorias. Objetivo: describir la función pulmonar en trabajadores con exposición a polvo de madera en aserraderos de las zonas 1 y 12 de la ciudad de Guatemala. Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo, transversal, realizado en 88 trabajadores expuestos a polvo de madera en aserraderos. Se realizó una entrevista, evaluación física y espirometría forzada con espirómetro portátil. Análisis descriptivo y analítico, mediante la prueba de χ2 y t de Student, fueron realizados. Resultados: el 94,3% fueron hombres. La media de edad fue 36,5 años. 72% no presentó antecedentes patológicos. El 95% presentó espirometría normal. El 56% utiliza mascarilla. Discusión: la mayoría de trabajadores expuestos a polvo de madera son hombres, jóvenes en correlación con la edad laboral de la población guatemalteca. Dos tercios no presentan antecedentes patológicos. La función pulmonar fue normal en la mayoría de ellos.
Obstacles and ways of forming effective protection of rice crops from weeds
Authors: Tsilinko L. 
Published: April 2021

Goal. Assessment of the current level of soil contamination in rice checks with weed seeds and determination of the reasons for insufficient efficiency of herbicide application to ensure high yields of rice sown in the south of our country. Research methodology: Field small-site experiments were conducted in crops (rice checks) of the Institute of Rice of NAAS of Ukraine (Antonivka village, Skadovsk district, Kherson region). The size of the sown experimental plot is 66 m2, the accounting area is 50 m2. The experiments were repeated 4 times. Placement of plots is regular in two tiers. Accounting and analysis were performed in accordance with the specifics of the requirements «Methods of testing and application of pesticides» edited by Professor S.O. Tribel, and Methods of research in beet growing. The level of yield of rice crops was determined by continuous harvesting of accounting plots on all repetitions of variants by a special selection combine «Sampo-2000» with the subsequent conversion into t/ha. Results. Washing of soil samples from rice checks and analysis of washed seeds and organs of vegetative reproduction revealed that the largest stocks of live seeds are present in the horizon 0—10 cm, and average 1310.0 pieces/ m2 of rooster millet. The total stock of seeds of different types of weeds that retained the ability to germinate in the soil was 12987.8 pieces/ m2. The number of weed seedlings in weed control crops (option 1) averaged 894.8 pcs/m2. In crops of option 2 after application of soil herbicide Kommand 48, KE (Clomazon, 480 g/l) with a concentration of working solution — 0.25%, at the rate of consumption of 0.5 l/ha before germination, the number of weed germs decreased to 550.5 pcs/ha or by 38.5%. Spraying of crops of rice of sowing in the period of formation — 3 leaves with a norm of expenses of working liquid of 200 l/hectare, herbicide Topshot, 113 OD of m.d. normal sow 3.0 l/ha with a concentration of working solution — 1.5%, further reduced the number of weeds in crops. The overall decrease in the number of weed plants in rice crops averaged 90.2%. Seedlings of acute plague died by 91.0%, rooster millet by 97.1%, bitter gourd by 96.3%. At the same time, the seedlings of Korsakov’s monochoria died out by 79.4% of the compact reed tuber by 77.1%, and the spreading plague by 76.2%. In crops of sown rice, 59.5 pcs/ m2 of weed plants of different species still remained to grow. Surviving plants were formed in rice crops on average 1452 g/m2 weight or 39.5% of its maximum volume in the experiments (option 1). The main part of the mass of weed plants was monocotyledonous species — 73.9%. The yield of rice crops was 5.12 t/ha or 44.8% of the maximum in the experiments (option 3). Conclusions: Systems of measures to protect rice crops should be aimed primarily at reliable and systematic control of seedlings and seedlings of the most numerous and problematic weed species: members of the botanical families Osokov and Tonkonogov.
EMBRIOLOGIA DO SISTEMA NERVOSO CENTRAL: ASPECTOS CLÍNICOS
Authors: Moreira da Silveira Francis , Bensson Samuel 
Published: April 2021

A embriologia do sistema nervoso central (SNC) é um assunto amplo. A estrutura da embriologia, a embriogênese do cérebro e da edula espinhal, vários testes que podem ser realizados no útero para testar anomalias do SNC e problemas que podem ser ncontrados durante a embriogênese, com particular atenção ao SNC. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar estudos sobre embriologia o sistema nervoso central e os aspectos clínicos. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de ados PUBMED, SCIELO, GOOGLE ACADÊMICO, artigos publicados de 2012 a 2020, 15 artigos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão em studos, relatos de casos e revisões sistemáticas, bem como de literaturas que foram desenvolvidas. Nessa pesquisa para coleta dos esultados foram utilizados os bancos de dados mais recentes existentes e estão descobrindo novas evidências para mudanças volutivas no tamanho e no número de neurônios no sistema nervoso humano, bem como a reorganização celular e molecular de eus circuitos neurais. Salienta se os mecanismos de desenvolvimento do SNC, sua etiologia/fisiopatologia, as mudanças genéticas e moleculares subjacentes que geram essas diferenças estruturais e funcionais, revelaram também a descrição das doenças do SNC. ste estudo possibilitou identificar a importância do tratamento precoce e prevenção.
Propagation of Torsional Alfvén Pulses in Zero-beta Flux Tubes
Authors: Scalisi Joseph , Oxley William , Ruderman Michael S. , Erdélyi Robertus 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this study, we investigate analytically the generation of mass flux due to a torsional Alfvén pulse. We derive that the presence of torsional Alfvén waves, which have been observed in, e.g., photospheric magnetic bright points (MBPs), can result in vertical plasma motions. The formation of this mass flux may even be a viable contribution to the generation of chromospheric mass transport, playing potential roles in the form of localized lower solar atmospheric jets. This relationship is studied using a flux tube model, with the waves introduced at the lower boundary of the tube as a magnetic shear perturbation. Due to the nature of MBPs we simplify the model by using the zero-beta approximation for the plasma inside the tube. The analytical results are demonstrated by an example of the type of Alfvén wave perturbation that one might expect to observe, and comparison is made with properties of spicules known from observations. We find that field-aligned plasma flux is formed nonlinearly as a result of the Lorentz force generated by the perturbations, and could be consistent with jet formation, although the current model is not intended to determine the entire evolution of a jet. Critical discussion of the model follows, including suggestions for improvements and for high-resolution proposed observations in order to constrain the driving magnetic and velocity shear.
OH Megamasers in H i Surveys: Forecasts and a Machine-learning Approach to Separating Disks from Mergers
Authors: Roberts Hayley , Darling Jeremy , Baker Andrew J. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
OH megamasers (OHMs) are rare, luminous masers found in gas-rich major galaxy mergers. In untargeted neutral hydrogen (H i) emission-line surveys, spectroscopic redshifts are necessary to differentiate the λ
rest = 18 cm masing lines produced by OHMs from H i 21 cm lines. Next-generation H i surveys will detect an unprecedented number of galaxies, most of which will not have spectroscopic redshifts. We present predictions for the numbers of OHMs that will be detected and the potential “contamination” they will impose on H i surveys. We examine the Looking at the Distant Universe with the MeerKAT Array (LADUMA), a single-pointing deep-field survey reaching redshift z
H I
= 1.45, as well as potential future surveys with the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) that would observe large portions of the sky out to redshift z
H I
= 1.37. We predict that LADUMA will potentially double the number of known OHMs, creating an expected contamination of 1.0% of the survey’s H i sample. Future SKA H i surveys are expected to see up to 7.2% OH contamination. To mitigate this contamination, we present methods to distinguish H i and OHM host populations without spectroscopic redshifts using near- to mid-IR photometry and a k-Nearest Neighbors algorithm. Using our methods, nearly 99% of OHMs out to redshift z
OH ∼ 1.0 can be correctly identified. At redshifts out to z
OH ∼ 2.0, 97% of OHMs can be identified. The discovery of these high-redshift OHMs will be valuable for understanding the connection between extreme star formation and galaxy evolution.
Anisotropies in Compressible MHD Turbulence: Probing Magnetic Fields and Measuring Magnetization
Authors: Hu Yue , Xu Siyao , Lazarian A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Probing magnetic fields in the interstellar medium (ISM) is notoriously challenging. Motivated by the modern theories of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence and turbulence anisotropy, we introduce the Structure Function Analysis (SFA) as a new approach to measure the magnetic-field orientation and estimate the magnetization. We analyze the statistics of turbulent velocities in three-dimensional compressible MHD simulations through the second-order structure functions in both local and global reference frames. In the sub-Alfvénic turbulence with the magnetic energy larger than the turbulent energy, the SFA of turbulent velocities measured in the directions perpendicular and parallel to the magnetic field can be significantly different. Their ratio has a power-law dependence on the Alfvén Mach number M
A, which is inversely proportional to the magnetic-field strength. We demonstrate that the anisotropic structure functions of turbulent velocities can be used to estimate both the orientation and strength of magnetic fields. With turbulent velocities measured using different tracers, our approach can be generally applied to probing the magnetic fields in the multiphase ISM.
Exploring the Nature of EUV Waves in a Radiative Magnetohydrodynamic Simulation
Authors: Wang Can , Chen Feng , Ding Mingde 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Coronal extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) waves are large-scale disturbances propagating in the corona, whose physical nature and origin have been discussed for decades. We report the first three-dimensional (3D) radiative magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a coronal EUV wave and the accompanying quasi-periodic wave trains. The numerical experiment is conducted with the MURaM code and simulates the formation of solar active regions through magnetic flux emergence from the convection zone to the corona. The coronal EUV wave is driven by the eruption of a magnetic flux rope that also gives rise to a C-class flare. It propagates in a semicircular shape with an initial speed ranging from about 550 to 700 km s−1, which corresponds to an average Mach number (relative to fast magnetoacoustic waves) of about 1.2. Furthermore, the abrupt increase of the plasma density, pressure, and tangential magnetic field at the wave front confirms fast-mode shock nature of the coronal EUV wave. Quasi-periodic wave trains with a period of about 30 s are found as multiple secondary wavefronts propagating behind the leading wave front and ahead of the erupting magnetic flux rope. We also note that the true wave front in the 3D space can be very inhomogeneous; however, the line-of-sight integration of EUV emission significantly smoothes the sharp structures in 3D and leads to a more diffuse wave front.
Cold Traps of Hypervolatiles in the Protosolar Nebula at the Origin of the Peculiar Composition of Comet C/2016 R2 (PanSTARRS)
Authors: Mousis Olivier , Aguichine Artyom , Bouquet Alexis , Lunine Jonathan I. , Danger Grégoire , Mandt Kathleen E. , Luspay-Kuti Adrienn 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Recent observations of the long-period comet C/2016 R2 (PanSTARRS; hereafter R2) indicate an unusually high N2/CO abundance ratio, typically larger than ∼0.05, and at least 2–3 times higher than the one measured in 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. Another striking compositional feature of this comet is its heavy depletion in H2O (H2O/CO ∼ 0.32%), compared to other comets. Here we investigate the formation circumstances of a generic comet whose composition reproduces these two key features. We first envisage the possibility that this comet agglomerated from clathrates, but we find that such a scenario does not explain the observed low water abundance. We then alternatively investigate the possibility that the building blocks of R2 agglomerated from grains and pebbles made of pure condensates via the use of a disk model describing the radial transport of volatiles. We show that N2/CO ratios reproducing the value estimated in this comet can be found in grains condensed in the vicinity of the CO and N2 ice lines. Moreover, high CO/H2O ratios (>100 times the initial gas-phase value) can be found in grains condensed in the vicinity of the CO ice line. If the building blocks of a comet assembled from such grains, they should present N2/CO and CO/H2O ratios consistent with the measurements made in R2’s coma. Our scenario indicates that R2 formed in a colder environment than the other comets that share more usual compositions. Our model also explains the unusual composition of the interstellar comet 2l/Borisov.
La colère d’Achille
Authors: Mozzone Claude 
Published: April 2021

Le mythe théâtralise pour nous l’inconscient. Achille, dans sa funeste colère illustre comment, au-delà de l’exploit, surgit la pulsion de mort. Jusqu’où la jouissance du guerrier est-elle compatible avec l’art de la guerre ? Le discours ramène la violence à la mesure de l’homme (qu’il soit d’hystérie ou de maîtrise) et prend en compte la castration.
Rature et lacérations : De Shih-t’ao à David Nebreda
Authors: Gaudin Denys 
Published: April 2021

David Nebreda se lacère, il exerce ce qu’il nomme « une autoviolence ». Loin des aspects morbides qu’une telle pratique évoque, l’artiste témoigne d’atteintes salutaires, de coupures qui, selon ses dires, portent la vie. Nous proposons d’interroger cette singulière connexion entre vie et lacérations. Nous tenterons de souligner en quoi l’enseignement de Nebreda permet de prolonger les indications de Lacan sur les notions de marque, de trait unaire et de rature.
Le quadrilatère de Desroche appliqué à l’entreprise d’ESS : nouvel exercice de géométrie coopérative
Authors: Cariou Yves 
Published: April 2021

Le quadrilatère de Desroche, avec ses quatre angles symbolisant les populations de managers, de l’administration (conseil d’administration), des employés et des sociétaires, a été formalisé en 1976 pour expliciter le fonctionnement spécifique de la coopérative et sa dynamique interne. Cet article montre comment ces catégories de population mais aussi les projets et les fonctions internes peuvent concourir à l’équilibre démocratique d’une structure. En prenant appui sur des observations réalisées au sein d’une soixantaine de coopératives et d’associations loi 1901, l’auteur propose une lecture des dysfonctionnements de l’entreprise d’économie sociale et solidaire contemporaine, en présentant les quadrilatères pathologiques que l’on retrouve parfois dans certaines associations, Scop, CAE ou Scic, mais aussi les voies pour retrouver le quadrilatère d’origine et son équilibre.
Financement public des associations et écart salarial entre hommes et femmes : nouvelles perspectives pour l’égalité professionnelle ?
Authors: Prouteau Lionel , Tchernonog Viviane 
Published: April 2021

Cet article examine la relation susceptible d’exister entre le financement d’origine publique perçu par les associations et l’écart de salaire entre les hommes et les femmes qui y travaillent. À cette fin, les auteurs apparient deux bases de données, l’enquête de l’Insee « Associations 2014 » qui présente la situation de ces organisations en 2013 et les Déclarations annuelles de données sociales (DADS) de la même année. Les résultats obtenus montrent que, dans plusieurs cas, une part plus importante de ressources en provenance des fonds publics est accompagnée d’un écart de salaire plus faible entre les deux sexes. A l’heure où les pouvoirs publics ont la possibilité d’inclure des clauses sociales dans les marchés publics, cette recherche ouvre des perspectives nouvelles en matière d’égalité professionnelle entre les hommes et les femmes.