bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One Year in the Life of Young Suns: Data-constrained Corona-wind Model of κ
1 Ceti
Authors: Airapetian Vladimir S. , Jin Meng , Lüftinger Theresa , Boro Saikia Sudeshna , Kochukhov Oleg , Güdel Manuel , Van Der Holst Bart , Manchester IV W. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The young magnetically active solar-like stars are efficient generators of ionizing radiation in the form of X-ray and extreme-UV (EUV) flux, stellar wind, and eruptive events. These outputs are the critical factors affecting atmospheric escape and chemistry of (exo)planets around active stars. While X-ray fluxes and surface magnetic fields can be derived from observations, the EUV emission, and wind mass fluxes, coronal mass ejections and associated stellar energetic particle events cannot be directly observed. Here, we present the results of a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model with inputs constrained by spectropolarimetric data, Hubble Space Telescope/STIS far-UV and X-ray data, and stellar magnetic maps reconstructed at two epochs separated by 11 months. The simulations show that over the course of the year the global stellar corona had undergone a drastic transition from a simple dipole-like to a tilted dipole with multipole field components and thus provided favorable conditions for corotating interaction regions (CIRs) that drive strong shocks. The dynamic pressures exerted by CIRs are 1300 times larger than those observed from the Sun and can contribute to the atmospheric erosion of early Venus, Earth, Mars, and young Earth-like exoplanets. Our data-constrained MHD model provides the framework to model coronal environments of G–M planet-hosting dwarfs. The model outputs can serve as a realistic input for exoplanetary atmospheric models to evaluate the impact of stellar coronal emission, stellar winds, and CIRs on their atmospheric escape and chemistry that can be tested in the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope and ground-based observations.
Detection of Flare-associated CME Candidates on Two M-dwarfs by GWAC and Fast, Time-resolved Spectroscopic Follow-ups
Authors: Wang J. , Xin L. P. , Li H. L. , Li G. W. , Sun S. S. , Gao C. , Han X. H. , Dai Z. G. , Liang E. W. , Wang X. Y. , Wei J. Y. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The flare-associated stellar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) of solar-like and late-type stars profoundly impact the habitability of any expolanets in the systems. In this paper, we report the detection of flare-associated CMEs for two M-dwarfs, thanks to a high-cadence survey carried out by the Ground Wide-angle Camera system and fast photometric and spectroscopic follow-ups. The flare energies in the R band are determined to be 1.6 × 1035 erg and 8.1 × 1033 erg based on modeling of their light curves. The time-resolved spectroscopic observations start at about 20 and 40 minutes after the trigger in both cases. The large projected maximum velocity of ∼500–700 km s−1 suggests that the high-velocity wings of their Hα emission lines most likely result from CME events in both stars, after excluding the possibility of chromospheric evaporation and coronal rain. The masses of the CMEs are estimated to be 1.5–4.5 × 1019 g and 7.1 × 1018 g.
Turbulent Acceleration of Interstellar Pickup Ions at the Heliospheric Termination Shock Forms the Global ENA Spectrum
Authors: Zirnstein E. J. , Kumar R. , Bandyopadhyay R. , Dayeh M. A. , Heerikhuisen J. , McComas D. J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The heliospheric energetic neutral atom spectrum observed by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) reveals that the heliosheath proton distribution is consistent with a power law. The origin of the spectrum is likely from interstellar pickup ions (PUIs) accelerated at the heliospheric termination shock (HTS). We present an explanation of the proton spectrum origin using a test particle simulation of PUIs accelerated at the HTS. PUIs experience preferential heating by the motional electric field in the shock foot, but do not develop a power-law tail without the presence of turbulence at wavenumbers (k) close to the PUI gyroradius scale (R
g). Voyager 2 observations of the magnetic field downstream of the HTS indicate a moderate amount of turbulence at kR

g
≅ 1,

δ
B

/

B

0

2

≅
0.01

, which we find to be sufficient for producing a downstream suprathermal PUI tail but not at intensities observed by IBEX. Within the shock ramp, however, Voyager observed the turbulence power at much smaller scales to be nearly 100 times stronger, suggesting the possibility of strong turbulence at the PUI gyroradius scale. We show that a proton distribution can develop a power law downstream of the HTS consistent with IBEX observations if

δ
B

/

B

0

2

≳
0.1

at kR

g
≅ 1 in the shock foot. Shock drift acceleration of PUIs by the motional electric field is aided by interactions with turbulence upstream of the shock overshoot. Steepening of the IBEX proton spectrum in directions farther from the heliospheric nose suggests the HTS compression ratio and/or turbulence power weakens near the heliotail.
Knowledge about antibiotics and antibiotic resistance among health-related students in a Saudi University
Authors: Akbar Zafar , Alquwez Nahed , Alsolais Abdulellah , Thazha Suhas Kaniyarakkal , Ahmad Mohammad Dabeer , Cruz Jonas Preposi 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is a threat to public health and safety globally. The inadequate undergraduate education on antibiotic stewardship may contribute to the clinical malpractice of antibiotics, causing serious consequences toward patient health. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of future healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia on antibiotics, antibiotic use, and antibiotic resistance. The factors influencing the students’ knowledge were also determined.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study using a survey questionnaire was carried out among 284 Clinical Laboratory Science, Nursing, and Pharmacy students in Saudi Arabia from January to April 2019. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify the factors influencing the students’ knowledge regarding antibiotics, antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance.
Results: The study found that students have above-average knowledge of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, whereas their knowledge of antibiotic use was inadequate. Several factors, including gender, program, academic level, awareness about antibiotic resistance, attendance to seminars/training, and belief on the seriousness of antibiotic resistance problem, affect students’ knowledge. The findings suggest that the knowledge of students in these areas should be improved.
Conclusions: Misconceptions are prominent in certain areas, such as in the concept of antibiotics and their uses. The findings prompt immediate interventions to improve students’ knowledge of antibiotics and resistance. Curricular contents must be reviewed and enhanced to suit the specific learning needs of students in terms of these concepts.
Carbapenem and colistin-resistant bacteria in North Lebanon: Coexistence of mcr-1 and NDM-4 genes in Escherichia coli
Authors: Al-Bayssari Charbel , Nawfal Dagher Tania , El Hamoui Samar , Fenianos Fadi , Makdissy Nehman , Rolain Jean-Marc , Nasreddine Nadine 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: The increasing incidence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria is considered a global health problem. This study aimed to investigate this resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from patients hospitalized in North-Lebanon.
Methodology: All isolates were identified using the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was achieved using disk diffusion, E-test and Broth microdilution methods. Phenotypic detection of carbapenemase was carried out using the CarbaNP test. RT-PCR, standard-PCR and sequencing were performed to detect resistance genes and oprD gene. Conjugal transfer was carried out between our isolates and Escherichia coli J53 to detect the genetic localization of resistance genes. MLST was conducted to determine the genotype of each isolate.
Results: Twenty-three carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales of which eight colistin-resistant Escherichia coli, and Twenty carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa were isolated. All isolates showed an imipenem MIC greater than 32 mg/mL with MICs for colistin greater than 2 mg/L for E. coli isolates. All the Enterobacterales isolates had at least one carbapenemase-encoding gene, with E. coli isolates coharboring blaNDM-4 and mcr-1 genes. Moreover, 16/20 Pseudomonas aeruginosa harbored the blaVIM-2 gene and 18/20 had mutations in the oprD gene. MLST revealed that the isolates belonged to several clones.
Conclusions: We report here the first description in the world of clinical E. coli isolates coharboring blaNDM-4 and mcr-1 genes, and K. pneumoniae isolates producing NDM-6 and OXA-48 carbapenemases. Also, we describe the emergence of NDM-1-producing E. cloacae in Lebanon. Screening for these isolates is necessary to limit the spread of resistant microorganisms in hospitals.
An annotated checklist of the Crambidae of the region of Murcia (Spain) with new records, distribution and biological data (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea, Crambidae)
Authors: Garre Manuel , Girdley John , Guerrero Juan , Rubio Rosa , Ortiz Antonio S. 
Published: August 2021

The Murcia Region (osouth-eastern Iberian Peninsula) has a great diversity of Lepidopteran fauna, as a zoogeographical crossroads and biodiversity hotspot with more than 850 butterflies and moth species recorded.In the present paper, based on an examination of museum specimens, published records and new samples, a comprehensive and critical species list of Crambidae moths (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea) is synthesised. In total, 8 subfamilies, 50 genera and 106 species have been recorded and these are listed along with their collection, literature references and biological data including chorotype, voltinism and the flight period in the study area. The subfamilies are as follows: Acentropinae, Crambinae, Glaphyriinae, Lathrotelinae, Odontiinae, Pyraustinae, Scopariinae and Spilomelinae. Forty nine species are here newly recorded for the Murcia Region.
« Mais qu’est-ce que la mégalomanie ? »
Authors: Thanh-Huê Ly , Sala Florian , Ouimet Gérard , Calvez Vincent , Drillon Dominic 
Published: August 2021

Dans cet entretien, trois experts (psychiatre, psychanalyste, psychologue) répondent à une variété de questions que l’on se pose sur la mégalomanie : Existe-t-il tout d’abord une définition scientifique, est-ce une maladie ou plutôt un trait de personnalité ? La précision des apports nous permet ensuite de faire la distinction entre les différentes notions liées et de comprendre ses prolongements et ses racines (perversion, narcissisme, manipulation mais aussi fragilité du moi). Nous apprendrons aussi que la mégalomanie ne semble pas liée à une culture et semble bien ainsi universelle. Les experts présenteront de plus quelques outils pour tenter de gérer au mieux notre relation avec un ou une mégalomane et nous aiderons à l’identifier dès le processus de recrutement.
Barbed Suture in Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy
Authors: Talwar Prathap , Velayudam Lakshmi , Hemapriya L. , Patil Soumya 
Published: August 2021

Objectives:
To evaluate whether the use of barbed sutures during laparoscopic hysterectomy for vaginal cuff closure has reduced the surgical difficulty and incidence of post-operative complications as compared to polyglactin 910 suture.

Materials and Methods:
This is a randomized comparative study conducted at a tertiary care hospital and research institute where 100 patients were divided into two groups (50 each) and underwent vault closure using barbed suture/Polyglactin 910. Data collected include demographic details, indication for surgery, mean suturing time, degree of surgeon difficulty, and the incidence of postoperative complications when followed up to 12 weeks and were compared statistically using Chi square test and Independent-t test.

Results:
The use of barbed suture has significantly reduced the suturing time (5.39 min vs. 6.9 min, P < 0.0001) and surgical difficulty. The incidence of minor complications is similar to that of polyglactin 910. There were no cases of vaginal cuff dehiscence or bowel obstruction reported in our study.

Conclusion:
With the advantages of reduced suturing time and technical difficulty, and incidence of complications similar to conventional suture material, barbed sutures are to be considered as an excellent alternative to conventional suture materials.
Comparison of Bipolar Ball Endometrial Ablation and Transcervical Resection of the Endometrium in the Treatment of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding
Authors: Subbaiah Murali , Selvest Neethu , Maurya Dilip Kumar 
Published: August 2021

Objectives:
To compare the operative time, effectiveness, and patient satisfaction between ball endometrial ablation and transcervical resection of the endometrium (TCRE) using a bipolar resectoscope.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-four women with heavy menstrual bleeding who were unresponsive to at least 3 months' medical management were included in this randomized, controlled clinical trial. After randomization, patients underwent either TCRE or ball endometrial ablation using a bipolar resectoscope. The operative time, fluid deficit, and postoperative pain were recorded. The patients were evaluated postoperatively at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Patient satisfaction, amenorrhea rate, reintervention rate, and pictorial blood-loss-assessment chart (PBAC) score were compared between the two groups.

Results:
The mean operative time in ball endometrial ablation group was 11.17 ± 2.24 min and in TCRE group was 22.33 ± 5.26 min (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the postoperative PBAC score, amenorrhea rates, patient satisfaction, and need for reintervention between the two groups.

Conclusion:
Operative time with ball endometrial ablation is significantly less when compared to TCRE when using a bipolar resectoscope.
Plasma miR-183-5p in colorectal cancer patients as potential predictive lymph node metastasis marker
Authors: Sanjabi Fatemeh , Nekouian Reza , Akbari Abolfazl , Mirzaei Rezvan , Fattahi Azam 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a point that often, treatment is not effective in colorectal cancer (CRC). Clinical and pathologic markers of prognosis help clinicians in selecting patients for adjuvant therapy after surgical resection in CRC. MiR-183-5p has been demonstrated to play as an oncogene in CRC, although its biological role still remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of miR-183-5p in CRC and its potential relevance to clinicopathological characteristics as a prognostic biomarker.

Materials and Methods:
In this case–control study, 33 CRC plasma samples at stage I-II-III, as well as plasma samples from 13 healthy controls, were collected. The relative expression levels of miR-183-5p in cancer and the normal samples were measured by quantitative real-time PCR. We analyzed their correlation with clinicopathological parameters and prognostic value.

Results:
Our results indicated that miR-183-5p was significantly overexpressed in CRC samples compared to healthy controls (P < 0.001) from a cutoff value of 3.9 with a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 91% and an AUC value of 0.74. Further analysis showed that a high plasma expression level of miR-183-5p was significantly associated with LNM and higher tumor/node/metastases stage (III) (P-value < 0.001).

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the overexpression of miR-183-5p is highly related to advanced clinical stage, LNM and poor prognosis of CRC, indicating that miR-183-5p may serve as a predictive biomarker for the prognosis or the aggressiveness of CRC.
Immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 and Glypican-3 to distinguish aggressive from nonaggressive benign odontogenic tumors
Authors: Chaturvedi T. P. , Gupta Kanupriya , Agrawal Rahul , Naveen Kumar P. G. , Gupta Jatin 
Published: August 2021

Background:
The benign neoplasms are normally slow growing, indolent with no invasive potential. However, there exist a few locally aggressive benign odontogenic tumors that have a tendency to invade and deform the surrounding structures. The exact reason for the aggressiveness of these benign neoplasms remained an enigma. Their biology and clinical expression can often be destructive and ominous. An appropriate treatment protocol needs to be followed to combat the high recurrence rate and aggressiveness of these entities. Aggressive and noniaggressive epithelial odontogenic tumors were analyzed immunohistochemically with Ki-67 and glypican 3 (GPC3).

Materials and Methods:
Fifty-nine cases of tumors were divided into aggressive odontogenic tumors (20 solid ameloblastomas, four unicystic ameloblastoma, and 28 keratocystic odontogenic tumors) and nonaggressive odontogenic tumors (five adenomatoid odontogenic tumors and two calcifying cystic odontogenic itumors).

Results:
Statistical analysis using Pearson correlation showed Ki-67 to be a better marker for differentiating aggressive from nonaggressive odontogenic tumor as compared to GPC3 (P < 0.001, highly significant), whereas among aggressive tumors, GPC3 turned out to be more useful as compared to Ki-67 (P < 0.001, highly significant).

Conclusion:
The present study provides an insight into the different biological behavior of odontogenic tumors, which can thus be helpful in determining the therapy strategies for more aggressive odontogenic tumors.
Radiobiological modeling of acute esophagitis after radiation therapy of head, neck, and thorax tumors
Authors: Alizade-Harakiyan Mostafa , Jangjoo Amir Ghasemi , Jafari-Koshki Tohid , Fatemi Ali , Mesbahi Asghar 
Published: August 2021

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of various radiobiological models in predicting the occurrence of acute esophagitis (AE) during radiation therapy (RT) of head, neck, and thoracic tumors with concurrent and sequential chemotherapy. According to recent studies, the probability of AE following RT by normal tissue complication probability models is predictable.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 100 patients with nasopharynx, larynx, Hodgkin's lymphoma, spinal metastases, and oral cavity and lung tumors were included in the study. Half of these patients were treated by concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (Con. CRT) and the other half were treated by radiotherapy alone or sequential chemo-radiotherapy (RT + seq. CRT). Radiobiological models of several types were used as follows,: Lyman-generalized equivalent uniform dose (gEUD), Lyman-MED, log-logistic, logit, and logistic. Parameters were estimated using maximum likelihood estimation, and models were compared using Akaike information criteria.

Results:
Based on follow-up data, the behavior of dose–response curves differed markedly between the Con. CRT and RT + seq. CRT groups. The best fit with clinical results was offered by the Lyman-MED model for the Con. CRT group and the Lyman-gEUD model for the RT + seq. CRT group. Depending on the model used, the parameter of D
50 was considerably lower (up to three times) in the Con. CRT group compared to the RT + seq. CRT group.

Conclusions:
The incidence of AE significantly differed between the two treatment groups in all the models. New parameter estimates could be used for predicting the probability of acute esophagitis after chemo-RT.
Histopathological prognosticators and their clinicopathological correlation in oral squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue
Authors: Pallavi Kriti , Tandon Ankita , Gulati Nikita , Juneja Saurabh , Shetty Devi Charan 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Tongue carcinomas account for 25%–40% of intraoral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). Although TNM staging systems is an international standard for cancer reporting, prognosis evaluation, and treatment planning, multiple histopathological risk assessment predictors such as tumor thickness (TT), tumor shape, tumor growth pattern, and invasive malignancy grading scoring systems have been studied and should form a basis for prediction and prognostication of such aggressive carcinomas.

Aim:
To evaluate and characterize the histomorphological prognostic indicators in OSCCs of tongue and compare it with OSCCs of other anatomic sites within the oral cavity. Furthermore, to elucidate the significance of histopathological indicators in predicting prognosis of tongue squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs).

Materials and Methods:
Forty SCC cases with 20 each of tongue and 20 from other intraoral sites were retrieved from department archives. Clinical data and staging were obtained for each case. Histomorphological parameters including pattern of invasion (POI), tumor budding (TB), depth of invasion (DOI), TT, lymphocytic host response, tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE), vascular invasion, perineural invasion (PNI), and muscular invasion were assessed. The results were statistically evaluated.

Results:
TB, DOI, and sarcolemmal spread were significant histologic predictors in tongue SCC. Upon correlation of histomorphological parameters with clinical staging, TT, POI, and TATE were observed to be significantly correlated (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion:
The histomorphological risk assessment model may serve as important addition to the existing prognosticators and may be used as a prognostic index to help plan and individualize treatment protocol in cases with aggressive high-risk disease for whom the use of multimodality treatment seems beneficial.
Preoperative neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio/platelet–lymphocyte ratio
Authors: Chandrasekaran Deepika , Sundaram Sandhya , Maheshkumar K. , Kathiresan N. , Padmavathi R. 
Published: August 2021

Background:
Emerging evidences have elucidated the crucial role of inflammation in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. In the recent years, many inflammatory biomarkers showed promising prognostic factors in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). We intended to evaluate the significance of one such inflammatory factor which is potential, noninvasive, simple, as well as economical. The preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in RCC patients have shown favorable results.

Objective:
The objective was to assess the prognostic role of NLR/PLR in the advanced stage and high-grade RCC.

Subjects and Methods:
This is a retrospective study. Ethical clearance was obtained from the institute ethics committee. One hundred and fifty histopathologically proven RCC cases during the period of January 2010–September 2018 were chosen from the pathology department and corresponding blood reports were obtained from the medical records department. We divided the cases based on their staging and grading. NLR/PLR values were calculated using formulas.

Statistical Analysis:
Statistical analysis was done using R software. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, median, and percentage. Independent t-test, Mann–Whitney test, and Chi-square test were used. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted to assess the sensitivity of NLR/PLR.

Results:
The elevated NLR/PLR values showed a significant relation with high-grade and advanced stage RCC. The ROC curve proved the accuracy of NLR/PLR in the advanced stage and high-grade RCC.

Limitations:
A multicentric, prospective study can be planned in the future. Follow-up studies are needed to assess their prognostic role.

Conclusion:
NLR/PLR values can become part of routine investigations for all RCC patients. The values may help to estimate pathological outcomes, chance of recovery, recurrence, and survival rates.