bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyclic stretching boosts microRNA‐499 to regulate Bcl‐2 via microRNA‐208a in atrial fibroblasts
Authors: Chua Su‐Kiat , Wang Bao‐Wei , Yu Ying‐Ju , Fang Wei‐Jen , Lin Chiu‐Mei , Shyu Kou‐Gi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMicroRNAs that modulate transcription can regulate other microRNAs and are also up‐regulated under pathological stress. MicroRNA‐499 (miR‐499), microRNA‐208a (miR‐208a) and B‐cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‐2) play roles in cardiovascular diseases, such as direct reprogramming of cardiac fibroblast into cardiomyocyte and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Whether miR208a, miR499 and Bcl‐2 were critical regulators in cardiac fibroblast apoptosis under mechanical stretching conditions in human cardiac fibroblasts‐adult atrial (HCF‐aa) was investigated. Using negative pressure, HCF‐aa grown on a flexible membrane base were cyclically stretched to 20% of their maximum elongation. In adult rats, an aortocaval shunt was used to create an in vivo model of volume overload. MiR208a was up‐regulated early by stretching and returned to normal levels with longer stretching cycles, whereas the expression of miR499 and Bcl‐2 was up‐regulated by longer stretching times. Pre‐treatment with antagomir‐499 reversed the miR‐208a down‐regulation, whereas Bcl‐2 expression could be suppressed by miR‐208a overexpression. In the HCF‐aa under stretching for 1 h, miR‐499 overexpression decreased pri‐miR‐208a luciferase activity; this inhibition of pri‐miR‐208a luciferase activity with stretching was reversed when the miR‐499‐5p binding site in pri‐miR‐208a was mutated. The addition of antagomir‐208a reversed the Bcl‐2‐3′UTR suppression from stretching for 1 h. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that pre‐treatment with miR‐499 or antagomir‐208a inhibited cellular apoptosis in stretched HCF‐aa. In hearts with volume overload, miR‐499 overexpression inhibited myocardial miR‐208a expression, whereas Bcl‐2 expression could be suppressed by the addition of miR‐208a. In conclusion, miR‐208a mediated the regulation of miR‐499 on Bcl‐2 expression in stretched HCF‐aa and hearts with volume overload.
Power over pain – An interprofessional approach to chronic pain: Program feedback from a medically underserved community
Authors: Bryl Karolina , Wenger Sarah , Banz David , Terry Glenn , Ballester Daritza , Bailey Corrie , Bradt Joke 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe management of chronic pain is challenging. Biopsychosocial models recommend interprofessional approaches to treatment, but there is sparse information about participants' experiences of these programs, especially in medically underserved populations coping with the intersectionality of racial bias, low socioeconomic status, and psychosocial stressors. This study explored the perspectives and experiences of black participants with low socioeconomic status and concomitant psychosocial stressors in an outpatient interprofessional pain management program, Power over Pain. The program incorporates cognitive‐behavioural techniques, creative arts therapies, pain education, and psychoeducation about stress management, self‐care, exercise, and medication.MethodThis study employed thematic analysis as the qualitative research method. We conducted semi‐structured interviews with nine program participants. Interview questions focused on the impact of the program on participants' overall health and wellbeing and ability to manage chronic pain.ResultsThematic analysis revealed the following treatment benefits as perceived by the participants: (a) moving from feeling stuck to feeling empowered, (b) enhanced understanding of chronic pain resulting in cognitive reframing and debunking certain myths and stigmas, (c) learning new pain management strategies, and (d) social support.ConclusionThe findings suggest that the Power over Pain program may be an effective way to improve self‐management and empower medically underserved people who have chronic pain.
Smile projection‐a new concept in smile design
Authors: Sarver David 
Published: February 2021

AbstractVertical positioning of the maxillary incisors is critical in smile design, and orthodontists also have the capability of working in the anterior‐posterior plane of space. As a result, the anterior posterior positioning of the maxillary incisors becomes equally important for smile aesthetics. This manuscript presents the concept of smile projection for incorporation into the current concepts of smile design
Oral mucosal and skin lesions observed in the first 48 hr in newborns
Authors: Aktaş Hamza , Alp Erdal Semahat 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundNewborn period is a definition used for the first 4 weeks of life and it has some different characteristics compared with adult skin.AimsIn this study, we tried to define the pathological and physiological skin manifestations and demographic data observed in newbornsPatients/MethodsIn this study, newborns born between 2018 and 2019 were evaluated prospectively. Along with demographic findings, temporary neonatal skin manifestations, congenital spots, benign neonatal pustulosis, congenital anomalies and other lesions were statistically evaluated.ResultsA total of 2109 newborns, consisting of 1157 (54.9%) boys and 952 (45.1%) girls, were enrolled in the study. 94% of the newborns evaluated had at least one skin lesion. The most common skin manifestations in the study were Epstein pearls at a rate of 49.4%. This was followed by salmon patch (38.4%), Mongolian spot (20.1%), edema in the eyelids (15.5%), lanugo (15.4%), and erythema toxicum neonatarum (11.6%), respectively.ConclusionSeveral studies on dermatological findings observed in newborns have been conducted in many different countries around the world. In this study, we tried to identify many temporary and pathological skin manifestations and congenital anomalies observed in the first 48 h in newborns.
Diagnosis and management of overactive bladder: A review
Authors: Nitti Victor W. , Patel Anand , Karram Mickey 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimOveractive bladder (OAB) is a common and troublesome condition that can significantly impair quality of life. This review aims to educate providers of obstetrics and gynecology services about available therapies for OAB and what to expect following treatment.MethodsHere, we review published data from studies that have evaluated available treatments for OAB. Relevant articles published over the past 2 decades, including large multicenter trials, were identified through a literature search using PubMed.gov, and the references in those articles were also manually searched to find additional articles. Treatment guidelines and product labels were also reviewed.ResultsBehavioral therapy is recommended as a first choice for OAB management; pharmacologic treatment (anticholinergics, β3‐adrenoceptor agonists) as second‐line treatment; and onabotulinumtoxinA, peripheral tibial nerve stimulation, and sacral nerve stimulation as third‐line therapy for patients refractory or intolerant to first‐ and second‐line treatments. A stepwise approach to treatment through first‐, second‐, and third‐line therapies is recommended, recognizing this may not be appropriate for all patients.ConclusionsTo optimize symptom control and set realistic expectations, patients should be carefully monitored and counseled appropriately on available treatment options.
Structure, Temporality, and Theories of Revolution. Reading Alberto Melucci in Revolutionary Saint Domingue, 1791–1804
Authors: Wilén Carl 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article addresses the debate on structure, agency, and process in contemporary revolution theory, drawing on social movement theory and using the Haitian Revolution as an illustrative case. The article seeks to make three main contributions. Firstly, while accepting the critique against the failure of structuralist revolution theory to explain why revolutions can occur under difficult circumstances, the article proposes a structuralist solution instead of the focus on intentions and processes in contemporary revolution theory. Secondly, it brings a new angle to the emerging dialogue between the different fields that theorize social movements and revolutions, by combining Alberto Melucci's early and later approaches to social movements and temporality. Thirdly, the Meluccian approach is utilized in a case study that explores how independence from France can be understood in the Haitian Revolution, which serves to illustrate the strengths of the theoretical approach and to criticize the major accounts of independence in existing studies of the Haitian Revolution.
Trends in School Attendance for Low‐Income Children with Chronic Health Conditions: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Martin Molly A. , Caskey Rachel , Glassgow Anne Elizabeth , Pappalardo Andrea A. , Hsu Lewis L. , Jang Jiyeong , Basu Sanjib , Minier Mark , Fox Kenneth , Voorhees Benjamin Van 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDIn this study, we aimed to determine how school attendance changed over time for children on Medicaid with chronic health conditions enrolled in a comprehensive care coordination program called Coordinated HEalthcare for Complex Kids (CHECK).METHODSMedicaid beneficiaries from one managed care organization were randomized into 2 arms: CHECK program services or usual care. The final sample was 1322.RESULTSThe mean age was 10.9 (SD = 3.7) years old and children were mostly non‐Hispanic Black (62.6%) or Hispanic (34.9%). The median school attendance at baseline was 94.9% (IQR 88.9, 97.9); over one‐fourth of children (28.4%) were chronically absent. School attendance was not associated with race/ethnicity, risk level, and health condition. In a model including a significant time/grade interaction, school attendance increased over time for children in pre‐kindergarten (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.38, 1.68; p < .001) and kindergarten to 5th grade (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.17, 1.26; p < .001), and decreased for children in 6th to 8th grade (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.77, 0.83; p < .001). No differences were seen in school attendance or chronic absenteeism associated with enrollment in the CHECK program.CONCLUSIONSSchool attendance improved for most of the low‐income children with chronic health conditions in our cohort, except for children in middle school.
Current Asthma Management Practices by Primary School Teaching Staff: A Systematic Review
Authors: Caruana Maria , West Lorna M. , Cordina Maria 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe likelihood of children with asthma experiencing an exacerbation at school is significantly high when considering that they spend a substantial part of their day at school. This study, therefore, aimed to systematically review the literature to determine current asthma management practices by primary school teaching staff and any existing supporting legislation/policies/guidelines.METHODSSearch terms were adapted to search literature across databases: CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Education Database—ProQuest, IPA, MEDLINE, SCI. Primary research studies, reviews, systematic reviews, and meta‐analyses in English about primary school teaching staff dated between 2007 and 2017 were included. Primary outcomes comprised teaching staff' practices regarding asthma management and supporting guidelines, policies, or legislation.RESULTSAnalysis of the 13 papers eligible for full review identified that: teachers were unable to deal with an asthma exacerbation; they lacked knowledge regarding exercise‐induced asthma and that there was poor communication between schools and parents of children with asthma. The only documented relevant asthma legislation found pertained to New York schools.CONCLUSIONSLimited evidence regarding asthma management practices and inadequate asthma management knowledge amongst teaching staff highlight the need for supporting teaching staff with asthma policies and guidelines to minimize risks associated with inappropriate asthma management.
The effect of myxomatous mitral valve disease severity on packed cell volume in dogs
Authors: Wilshaw J. , Stein M. , Lotter N. , Elliott J. , Boswood A. 
Published: February 2021

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine whether associations between disease severity and packed cell volume exist in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease.Materials and MethodsData were selected from 289 dogs that had been examined at a research clinic (2004–2017) on multiple occasions (n=1465). American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine stage and echocardiographic measurements were entered in separate multivariable linear mixed effects models with packed cell volume as the dependent variable. Age, breed, sex, weight and blood urea nitrogen concentrations were additionally tested in these analyses to control for patient characteristics.ResultsPacked cell volume (% whole blood) in stages B1 and B2 (B1: 42.62 ±0.27, P=0.001; B2: 41.77± 0.42, P < 0.001) was lower than stage A (44.57 ±0.53). In stage C, packed cell volume was greater than both preclinical stages (C: 43.84 ±0.46). When the administration of loop diuretics was included in statistical models, packed cell volume was inversely related to normalised left ventricular internal diameters (β: −2.37; 95% confidence intervals: −3.49, −1.25; P < 0.001).Clinical SignificanceDogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease may develop reductions in packed cell volume as their disease progresses. Although this finding was statistically significant at a population level, it should be noted that the differences described are relatively small. This, along with other causes of variation in packed cell volume, means that changes would be challenging to appreciate within individual patients. Plasma volume depletion following diuretic administration may explain why findings differed in stage C.
Retrospective analysis of the effects of Blastomyces antigen concentration in urine and radiographic findings on survival in dogs with blastomycosis
Authors: Motschenbacher Laura O. , Furrow Eva , Rendahl Aaron K. , Nell Esther G. , Anderson Kari L. , Merkel Lindsay K. , Patterson Edward E. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Blastomyces antigen concentration in urine (BACU) test is used to diagnose blastomycosis and monitor treatment in dogs. It is unknown if a higher BACU is associated with shorter survival.ObjectivesTo determine if the magnitude of BACU before treatment is associated with survival in dogs with blastomycosis.AnimalsFifty‐two dogs with blastomycosis.MethodsRetrospective case review. BACU, radiographic lung severity (RLS) score (0‐4 scale), and survival time up to 1 year after diagnosis were obtained through medical record review of dogs with Blastomyces dermatitidis.ResultsThe overall survival was: discharge, 87%; 1 week, 85%; 2 months, 74%; and 6 months, 69%. BACU correlated with RLS score (rs = 0.33, P = .02). BACU and RLS scores were lower in survivors to 2 months than nonsurvivors (average BACU difference of 2.5 ng/mL, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.2‐4.8 ng/mL, P = .04; median RLS difference of 2; range, 0‐4, P = .02). Dogs with BACU <5 ng/mL and dogs with mild (0‐1) RLS scores had a greater proportion surviving than those with BACU >5 ng/mL (P = .03) and dogs with severe (3‐4) RLS scores (P = .04). All dogs with a BACU <5 ng/mL or mild RLS score were alive at last follow‐up (median, 365 days; range, 44‐365 days). In all, 68.1% of other dogs survived to 2 months (95% CI, 54.8%‐84.8%).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceDogs with lower BACU and RLS scores have improved survival; however, it is unclear what specific cutoffs should be used for prognosis.
In Vitro activity of ravuconazole against Candida auris and vaginal candida isolates
Authors: Dong Jiacheng , Liang Guanzhao , Zheng Hailin , Kan Siyue , Song Nana , Zhang Meijie , Liu Weida 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundRavuconazole is an extended‐spectrum triazole agent that is efficient in vitro against Candida spp. and has been approved to work as an oral formulae for onychomycosis in Japan in 2018. However, nobody had determined the MIC of ravuconazole against the Candida auris, which is known as an emerging multidrug‐resistant yeast. Meanwhile, rare is known of the in vitro activity of ravuconazole against vaginal Candida isolates.ObjectivesTo investigate the activity of ravuconazole against C. auris and vaginal Candida isolates of China and assess the feasibility of ravuconazole in the treatment of candidiasis caused by C. auris and other Candida spp.MethodsWe determined the in vitro activity of ravuconazole and 9 comparators against 15 C. auris isolates and determined the MIC of ravuconazole on 525 vaginal Candida isolates (Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata and Candida parapsilosis) from 9 provinces of China by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) methodology.ResultsThe MICs of fluconazole and amphotericin B on C. auris were much higher than second‐generation azoles and echinocandins. Ravuconazole was active against all the C. auris isolates and as effective as isavuconazole, posaconazole and echinocandins while showed a better antifungal activity than itraconazole, voriconazole to C. auris. For vaginal Candida isolates, the proportion of ravuconazole‐resistant isolates is 0.19% (1/525).ConclusionsRavuconazole was in good active against C. auris and vaginal Candida isolates, which suggested ravuconazole could be used in the treatment of drug‐resistant candidiasis.
The moral dilemma of interpreting workplace violence
Authors: Copeland Darcy , Arnold Susan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWorkplace violence is a significant problem in healthcare. It was believed that in the context of patient violence nurses faced a moral dilemma regarding conflicting duties to self and patients. A qualitative study was conducted with nurses who experienced physical violence perpetrated by a patient. The aim was to examine the ethical decision‐making process nurses used to determine the “right” course of action. Nurses did not perceive the conflict between these two duties as the primary dilemma they faced. They appreciated their patients’ vulnerability and the power differential inherent in the RN–patient relationship and maintained that their primary responsibility was patient safety. Interpretation of the event was the primary dilemma they described. Patient violence was framed as a dichotomous experience: an expected part of the job or a crime. The middle space between these two choices was bounded by a fuzzy, porous, extremely difficult to interpret line. The dichotomous interpretation resulted in a perception of dichotomous responses: do nothing or file criminal charges. Violence in the context of the RN–patient relationship is a complex phenomenon involving a host of factors. We need to direct more attention to this complexity, to individualized responses to workplace violence, and to depolarizing this issue.
The interaction of SKP2 with p27 enhances the progression and stemness of osteosarcoma
Authors: Wang Jichuan , Aldahamsheh Osama , Ferrena Alexander , Borjihan Hasibagan , Singla Amit , Yaguare Simon , Singh Swapnil , Viscarret Valentina , Tingling Janet , Zi Xiaolin , Lo Yungtai , Gorlick Richard , Zheng Deyou , Schwartz Edward L. , Zhao Hongling , Yang Rui , Geller David S. , Hoang Bang H. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOsteosarcoma is a highly aggressive malignancy for which treatment has remained essentially unchanged for years. Our previous studies found that the F‐box protein SKP2 is overexpressed in osteosarcoma, acting as a proto‐oncogene; p27Kip1 (p27) is an inhibitor of cyclin‐dependent kinases and a downstream substrate of SKP2‐mediated ubiquitination. Overexpression of SKP2 and underexpression of p27 are common characteristics of cancer cells. The SCFSKP2 E3 ligase ubiquitinates Thr187‐phosphorylated p27 for proteasome degradation, which can be abolished by a Thr187Ala knock‐in (p27T187A KI) mutation. RB1 and TP53 are two major tumor suppressors commonly coinactivated in osteosarcoma. We generated a mouse model with a double knockout (DKO) of Rb1 and Trp53 within cells of the osteoblastic lineage, which developed osteosarcoma with full penetrance. When p27T187A KI mice were crossed on to the DKO background, p27T187A protein was found to accumulate in osteosarcoma tumor tissues. Furthermore, p27T187A promoted apoptosis in DKO tumors, slowed disease progression, and significantly prolonged overall survival. RNA sequencing analysis also linked the SCFSKP2–p27T187A axis to potentially reduced cancer stemness. Given that RB1 and TP53 loss or coinactivation is common in human osteosarcoma, our study suggests that inhibiting the SKP2–p27 axis may represent a desirable therapeutic strategy for this cancer.
Three‐dimensional analysis of craniofacial morphology in patients with pycnodysostosis
Authors: Ferlias Nikolaos , Gjørup Hans , Aagaard Doherty Mia , Haagerup Annette , Klit Pedersen Thomas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo perform a 3D cephalometric analysis of the craniofacial characteristics of patients with pycnodysostosis and compare this with a matched control group.Setting and Sample populationThis cross‐sectional descriptive study assessed eight CBCTs obtained in patients with pycnodysostosis (4 males, 4 females, mean age: 31.8 years).Materials and methodsEight Danish patients with pycnodysostosis were seen at the University's Orthodontic Clinic. All CBCTs were analysed using the Mimics 21.0 software (Materialise®, Belgium) and compared with a control group (6 males, 8 females, mean age: 33.6 years).ResultsInterclass correlation coefficient showed excellent intra‐rater reliability (> 0.93). All measurements in the 3D cephalometric analysis revealed statistical significance (P < .05) when compared with controls. Patients with pycnodysostosis generally had significantly smaller maxilla in the transverse (P < .001), sagittal (P < .002) and vertical (P < .001) dimensions. Their mandibles were also smaller vertically (P < .001) and in length (P < .001). Gonial angle was significantly larger than controls (P < .001), while mandibular volumes were considerably smaller (P < .001).ConclusionPatients with pycnodysostosis have significantly smaller jaws in the vertical, sagittal and transverse dimensions compared with controls. Furthermore, the gonial angle was significantly larger, while the volume of the mandible was significantly smaller.
Identification of rice (Oryza sativa L.) genes involved in sheath blight resistance via a genome‐wide association study
Authors: Wang Aijun , Shu Xinyue , Jing Xin , Jiao Chengzhi , Chen Lei , Zhang Jinfeng , Ma Li , Jiang Yuqi , Yamamoto Naoki , Li Shuangcheng , Deng Qiming , Wang Shiquan , Zhu Jun , Liang Yueyang , Zou Ting , Liu Huainian , Wang Lingxia , Huang Yubi , Li Ping , Zheng Aiping 
Published: February 2021

SummaryRice sheath blight (RSB) is an economically significant disease affecting rice yield worldwide. Genetic resistance to RSB is associated with multiple minor genes, with each providing a minor phenotypic effect, but the underlying dominant resistance genes remain unknown. A genome‐wide association study (GWAS) of 259 diverse rice varieties, with genotypes based on a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and haplotype, was conducted to assess their sheath blight reactions at three developmental stages (seedlings, tillering and booting). A total of 653 genes were correlated with sheath blight resistance, of which the disease resistance protein RPM1 (OsRSR1) and protein kinase domain‐containing protein (OsRLCK5) were validated by overexpression and knockdown assays. We further found that the coiled‐coil (CC) domain of OsRSR1 (OsRSR1‐CC) and full‐length OsRLCK5 interacted with serine hydroxymethyltransferase 1 (OsSHM1) and glutaredoxin (OsGRX20), respectively. It was found that OsSHM1, which has a role in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst, and OsGRX20 enhanced the antioxidation ability of plants. A regulation model of the new RSB resistance though the glutathione (GSH)‐ascorbic acid (AsA) antioxidant system was therefore revealed. These results enhance our understanding of RSB resistance mechanisms and provide better gene resources for the breeding of disease resistance in rice.