bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inverse Spin Hall Effect enhancement in Pt layer doped by Ge
Authors: Li Mingming , Zhang Huaiwu 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe systematic studied the spin pumping (SP) and inverse spin Hall effects (ISHE) in yttrium iron garnet Y3Fe5O12(YIG)/PtGe bilayer using a coplanar waveguide based broadband ferromagnetic resonance setup. More efficient spin injection occurs at the YIG/PtGe interface. The spin Hall angle of Pt (4.4%) and PtGe (9%) are obtained from the metal layer thickness dependent inverse spin Hall voltage measurement. PtGe films are promising materials with large spin Hall angles for future spintronics applications.
Verification of acoustic superiority of MDI-based gradient structural material on high water pressure
Authors: Gang LU , Chang-geng Shuai , Xue Yang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Considering the limitation on high water pressure resistance of traditional underwater acoustic material, an optimization on material structure is conducted so as to improve the ability of sound absorption. Monolayer Acoustic Samples (MAS) and Gradient Acoustic Sample (GAS) are produced with the raw materials, such as diphenylmethane diisocyanate(MDI) polyurethane prepolymer(PUP) and butylene glycol (BDO). The samples are tested in the frequency range from 1000Hz to 4000Hz under pressure from 0 MPa to 2MPa. Then the differences of acoustic performance between MAS and GAS are analyzed and compared. The tests results show that the stability of GAS sound absorption coefficient increases gradually with the increasing of frequency under various pressures and the value of GAS sound absorption coefficient tends to be 1 in high frequency range. On the other hand, the value of MAS sound absorption coefficient fluctuates obviously. Compared with average sound absorption coefficient of two samples at 1000Hz, 2000Hz and 4000Hz, the GAS has a better sound absorption performance than the MAS.
Preparation and Characterization of Conductive blend composites of PP filled with ionic liquids treated-CNT
Authors: Zhu Jiang , Ni Haitao , Xiang Wencai , Zuo Yingqi , Yang Heshan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
According to the facile melt blending method, a series of conductive blend composites based on polypropylene with the excellent electrical conductivityare prepared by Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and ionic liquid (IL). In light of the results of the FTIR and Raman, it was confirmed that the MWCNT was non-covalent modified by IL. The dispersion of MWCNT and the electrical conductivity of the composites are enhanced by the addition of a master-batch as a compatibilizer and IL as a modifier, respectively. With the adding of MWCNTs, the surface resistivity of the conductive blend composites was reduced by 4∼6 orders of magnitude under the same IL loading.
The preparation process of shear thickening materials and the application in hydraulic shock absorber
Authors: Liu Bing , Du Chengbin , Fu Yankai 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Several kinds of shear thickening materials, including shear thickening gel and shear thickening fluid, were prepared and tested. The same amount of these materials were poured into the shock absorber and the compression force and rebound force were compared with the shock absorber containing hydraulic oil. The result shows that the shear thickening gel can’t be used in hydraulic shock absorber due to the lack of liquidity, however, the energy consumption ability of the absorber containing shear thickening fluid can be increased significantly.
Optimizing film thickness to delay strut fracture in high-entropy alloy composite microlattices
Authors: Surjadi James Utama , Feng Xiaobin , Zhou Wenzhao , Lu Yang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Incorporating high-entropy alloys (HEAs) in composite microlattice structures yields superior mechanical performance and desirable functional properties compared to conventional metallic lattices. However, the modulus mismatch and relatively poor adhesion between the soft polymer core and stiff metallic film coating often results in film delamination and brittle strut fracture at relatively low strain levels (typically below 10%). In this work, we demonstrate that optimizing the HEA film thickness of a CoCrNiFe-coated microlattice completely suppresses delamination, significantly delays the onset of strut fracture (∼100% increase in compressive strain), and increases the specific strength by up to 50%. This work presents an efficient strategy to improve the properties of metal-composite mechanical metamaterials for structural applications.
Relationship Between Home Blood Pressure and the Onset Season of Cardiovascular Events: The J-HOP Study (Japan Morning Surge-Home Blood Pressure)
Authors: Narita Keisuke , Hoshide Satoshi , Kario Kazuomi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) increases during winter. The risk that elevated home blood pressure (BP) poses for CVD events that occur in each of 4 seasons is unclear. We conducted a post hoc analysis using the dataset from a nationwide cohort, the Japan Morning Surge-Home Blood Pressure (J-HOP) study, to assess the association between home BP and winter-onset CVD events.MethodsJ-HOP participants who had cardiovascular risks conducted morning and evening home BP measurements for a 14-day period and were followed-up for the occurrence of CVD events.ResultsWe analyzed 4,258 participants (mean age 64.9 years; 47% male; 92% hypertensives) who were followed-up for an average of 6.2 ± 3.8 years (26,295 person-years). We divided the total of 269 CVD events (10.2/1,000 person-years) by the season of onset as follows: 82 in the winter and 187 in the other seasons (spring, summer, and autumn). In the Cox models adjusted for covariates and the season when home BPs were measured at baseline, morning home systolic BP (SBP) was associated with both winter-onset and other season-onset CVD events: hazard ratio (HR) for winter 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.42 per 10 mm Hg; HR for other seasons 1.11, 95% CI 1.00–1.23. Evening home SBP was associated with the other season-onset CVD events (HR 1.20, 95% CI 1.08–1.33 per 10 mm Hg), but not with the winter-onset CVD events.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that compared with evening home BP, morning home BP might be a superior predictor of winter-onset CVD events.
Subfascial Ergonomic Axillary Hybrid (SEAH) Breast Augmentation: A Surgical Approach Combining the Advantages of Incision, Pocket, Silicone Gel, and Fat Grafting in Primary and Revision Breast Augmentation Surgery
Authors: Munhoz Alexandre Mendonça , de Azevedo Marques Neto Ary , Maximiliano João 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundSimultaneous application of the axillary approach (AA) with the subfascial pocket (SF) has been proposed for breast augmentation (BA) surgery. New silicone implant technology and recent improvements in autologous fat grafting (AFG) have ushered in a new era for BA.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to present the combined subfascial ergonomic axillary hybrid (SEAH) method and evaluate its aesthetic benefits after primary/secondary BA.MethodsIn total, 42 patients (84 breasts) underwent BA with the SEAH technique; this approach was indicated when the overlying tissue was insufficient to adequately cover the implant.ResultsMean patient age was 34.6 years (range, 28-56 years), mean BMI was 18.8 kg/m2 (range, 14.4-26.1 kg/m2). The most common implant (Motiva SmoothSilk surface Ergonomix style) volume was 255 cc (range, 175-355 cc), patients received a mean fat volume of 96 mL (range, 60-145 mL) per breast in the subcutaneous tissue. The average lower pole stretch value was 40.5% (21.75 mm) and 13.1% (9.9 mm) for preoperative to 10 days postprocedure and 10 days to 18 months postprocedure, respectively. Postoperative complications included subcutaneous banding in the axilla (n = 3, 7.1%), small wound dehiscence (n = 1, 2.3%), and hypertrophic scarring (n = 1, 2.3%). No rippling, implant malposition, infection, or fat necrosis was observed during a mean follow-up of 18 months (range, 6-32 months).ConclusionsSEAH is a useful and versatile technique combining the benefits of AFG and implant-based augmentation, particularly with regard to soft tissue coverage, and avoids the limitations of the submuscular position. The combination of ergonomic gel implants and a SF pocket can yield satisfactory aesthetic outcomes.Level of Evidence: 4
A comprehensive review of scaffolding methods in genome assembly
Authors: Luo Junwei , Wei Yawei , Lyu Mengna , Wu Zhengjiang , Liu Xiaoyan , Luo Huimin , Yan Chaokun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn the field of genome assembly, scaffolding methods make it possible to obtain a more complete and contiguous reference genome, which is the cornerstone of genomic research. Scaffolding methods typically utilize the alignments between contigs and sequencing data (reads) to determine the orientation and order among contigs and to produce longer scaffolds, which are helpful for genomic downstream analysis. With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technologies, diverse types of reads have emerged over the past decade, especially in long-range sequencing, which have greatly enhanced the assembly quality of scaffolding methods. As the number of scaffolding methods increases, biology and bioinformatics researchers need to perform in-depth analyses of state-of-the-art scaffolding methods. In this article, we focus on the difficulties in scaffolding, the differences in characteristics among various kinds of reads, the methods by which current scaffolding methods address these difficulties, and future research opportunities. We hope this work will benefit the design of new scaffolding methods and the selection of appropriate scaffolding methods for specific biological studies.
Mutalyzer 2: next generation HGVS nomenclature checker
Authors: Lefter Mihai , Vis Jonathan K , Vermaat Martijn , den Dunnen Johan T , Taschner Peter E M , Laros Jeroen F J 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Motivation
Unambiguous variant descriptions are of utmost importance in clinical genetic diagnostics, scientific literature and genetic databases. The Human Genome Variation Society (HGVS) publishes a comprehensive set of guidelines on how variants should be correctly and unambiguously described. We present the implementation of the Mutalyzer 2 tool suite, designed to automatically apply the HGVS guidelines so users do not have to deal with the HGVS intricacies explicitly to check and correct their variant descriptions.

Results
Mutalyzer is profusely used by the community, having processed over 133 million descriptions since its launch. Over a five year period, Mutalyzer reported a correct input in ∼50% of cases. In 41% of the cases either a syntactic or semantic error was identified and for ∼7% of cases, Mutalyzer was able to automatically correct the description.

Availability and implementation
Mutalyzer is an Open Source project under the GNU Affero General Public License. The source code is available on GitHub (https://github.com/mutalyzer/mutalyzer) and a running instance is available at: https://mutalyzer.nl
Recurrence and survival after standard versus oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer
Authors: André C , Holsti C , Svenner A , Sackey H , Oikonomou I , Appelgren M , Johansson A L V , de Boniface J 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Oncoplastic techniques in breast-conserving surgery (BCS) are used increasingly for larger tumours. This large cohort study aimed to assess oncological outcomes after oncoplastic BCS (OPS) versus standard BCS.

Methods
Data for all women who had BCS in three centres in Stockholm during 2010–2016 were extracted from the Swedish National Breast Cancer Register. All patients with T2–3 tumours, all those receiving neoadjuvant treatment, and an additional random sample of women with T1 tumours were selected. Medical charts were reviewed for local recurrences and surgical technique according to the Hoffman–Wallwiener classification. Date and cause of death were retrieved from the Swedish Cause of Death Register.

Results
The final cohort of 4178 breast cancers in 4135 patients was categorized into three groups according to surgical technique: 3720 for standard BCS, 243 simple OPS, and 215 complex OPS. Median duration of follow up was 64 (range 24–110) months. Node-positive and large tumours were more common in OPS than in standard BCS (P &lt; 0.001). There were 61 local recurrences: 57 (1.5 per cent), 1 (0.4 per cent) and 3 (1.4 per cent) in the standard BCS, simple OPS and complex OPS groups respectively (P = 0.368). Overall, 297 patients died, with an unadjusted 5-year overall survival rate of 94.7, 93.1 and 92.6 per cent respectively (P = 0.350). Some 102 deaths were from breast cancer, with unadjusted 5-year cancer-specific survival rates of 97.9, 98.3 and 95.0 per cent respectively (P = 0.056).

Discussion
Oncoplastic BCS is a safe surgical option, even for larger node-positive tumours, with low recurrence and excellent survival rates.
Long-term motor deficit in brain tumour surgery with preserved intra-operative motor-evoked potentials
Authors: Giampiccolo Davide , Parisi Cristiano , Meneghelli Pietro , Tramontano Vincenzo , Basaldella Federica , Pasetto Marco , Pinna Giampietro , Cattaneo Luigi , Sala Francesco 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Muscle motor-evoked potentials are commonly monitored during brain tumour surgery in motor areas, as these are assumed to reflect the integrity of descending motor pathways, including the corticospinal tract. However, while the loss of muscle motor-evoked potentials at the end of surgery is associated with long-term motor deficits (muscle motor-evoked potential-related deficits), there is increasing evidence that motor deficit can occur despite no change in muscle motor-evoked potentials (muscle motor-evoked potential-unrelated deficits), particularly after surgery of non-primary regions involved in motor control. In this study, we aimed to investigate the incidence of muscle motor-evoked potential-unrelated deficits and to identify the associated brain regions. We retrospectively reviewed 125 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for peri-Rolandic lesions using intra-operative neurophysiological monitoring. Intraoperative changes in muscle motor-evoked potentials were correlated with motor outcome, assessed by the Medical Research Council scale. We performed voxel–lesion–symptom mapping to identify which resected regions were associated with short- and long-term muscle motor-evoked potential-associated motor deficits. Muscle motor-evoked potentials reductions significantly predicted long-term motor deficits. However, in more than half of the patients who experienced long-term deficits (12/22 patients), no muscle motor-evoked potential reduction was reported during surgery. Lesion analysis showed that muscle motor-evoked potential-related long-term motor deficits were associated with direct or ischaemic damage to the corticospinal tract, whereas muscle motor-evoked potential-unrelated deficits occurred when supplementary motor areas were resected in conjunction with dorsal premotor regions and the anterior cingulate. Our results indicate that long-term motor deficits unrelated to the corticospinal tract can occur more often than currently reported. As these deficits cannot be predicted by muscle motor-evoked potentials, a combination of awake and/or novel asleep techniques other than muscle motor-evoked potentials monitoring should be implemented.
Endoscopic vacuum therapy for anastomotic leak in esophagectomy and total gastrectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tavares Guilherme , Tustumi Francisco , Tristão Luca Schiliró , Bernardo Wanderley Marques 
Published: January 2021

Summary
The curative treatment for esophageal and gastric cancer is primarily surgical resection. One of the main complications related to esophagogastric surgery is the anastomotic leak. This complication is associated with a prolonged length of stay, reduced quality of life, high treatment costs, and an increased mortality rate. The placement of endoluminal stents is the most frequent endoscopic therapy in these cases. However, since its introduction, endoscopic vacuum therapy has been shown to be a promising alternative in the management of this complication. This study primarily aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic vacuum therapy for the treatment of anastomotic leak in esophagectomy and total gastrectomy. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. Studies that evaluated the use of endoscopic vacuum therapy for anastomotic leak in esophagectomy and total gastrectomy were included. Twenty-three articles were included. A total of 559 patients were evaluated. Endoscopic vacuum therapy showed a fistulous orifice closure rate of 81.6% (rate: 0.816; 95% CI: 0.777–0.864) and, when compared to the stent, there is a 16% difference in favor of endoscopic vacuum therapy (risk difference [RD]: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.05–0.27). The risk for mortality in the endoscopic vacuum therapy was 10% lower than in endoluminal stent therapy (RD: −0.10; 95% CI: −0.18 to −0.02). Endoscopic vacuum therapy might have a higher rate of fistulous orifice closure and a lower rate of mortality, compared to intraluminal stenting.
Bi-atrial high-density mapping reveals inhibition of wavefront turning and reduction of complex propagation patterns as main antiarrhythmic mechanisms of vernakalant
Authors: van Hunnik Arne , Zeemering Stef , Podziemski Piotr , Kuklik Pawel , Kuiper Marion , Verheule Sander , Schotten Ulrich 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Aims
Complex propagation patterns are observed in patients and models with stable atrial fibrillation (AF). The degree of this complexity is associated with AF stability. Experimental work suggests reduced wavefront turning as an important mechanism for widening of the excitable gap. The aim of this study was to investigate how sodium channel inhibition by vernakalant affects turning behaviour and propagation patterns during AF.

Methods and results
Two groups of 8 goats were instrumented with electrodes on the left atrium, and AF was maintained by burst pacing for 3 or 22 weeks. Measurements were performed at baseline and two dosages of vernakalant. Unipolar electrograms were mapped (249 electrodes/array) on the left and right atrium in an open-chest experiment. Local activation times and conduction vectors, flow lines, the number of fibrillation waves, and local re-entries were determined. At baseline, fibrillation patterns contained numerous individual fibrillation waves conducting in random directions. Vernakalant induced conduction slowing and cycle length prolongation and terminated AF in 13/15 goats. Local re-entries were strongly reduced. Local conduction vectors showed increased preferential directions and less beat-to-beat variability. Breakthroughs and waves were significantly reduced in number. Flow line curvature reduced and waves conducted more homogenously in one direction. Overall, complex propagation patterns were strongly reduced. No substantial differences in drug effects between right and left atria or between goats with different AF durations were observed.

Conclusions
Destabilization of AF by vernakalant is associated with a lowering of fibrillation frequency and inhibition of complex propagation patterns, wave turning, local re-entries, and breakthroughs.
Composition of seagrass phyllosphere microbial communities suggests rapid environmental regulation of community structure
Authors: Vogel Margaret A , Mason Olivia U , Miller Thomas E 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTRecent studies have revealed that seagrass blade surfaces, also known as the phyllosphere, are rich habitats for microbes; however, the primary drivers of composition and structure in these microbial communities are largely unknown. This study utilized a reciprocal transplant approach between two sites with different environmental conditions combined with 16S rRNA gene sequencing (iTag) to examine the relative influence of environmental conditions and host plant on phyllosphere community composition of the seagrass Thalassia testudinum. After 30 days, identity of phyllosphere microbial community members was more similar within the transplant sites than between despite differences in the source of host plant. Additionally, the diversity and evenness of these communities was significantly different between the two sites. These results indicated that local environmental conditions can be a primary driver in structuring seagrass phyllosphere microbial communities over relatively short time scales. Composition of microbial community members in this study also deviated from those in previous seagrass phyllosphere studies with a higher representation of candidate bacterial phyla and archaea than previously observed. The capacity for seagrass phyllosphere microbial communities to shift dramatically with environmental conditions, including ecosystem perturbations, could significantly affect seagrass–microbe interactions in ways that may influence the health of the seagrass host.
Heat Treatment Improves Hepatic Mitochondrial Respiratory Efficiency via Mitochondrial Remodeling
Authors: Von Schulze Alex T , Deng Fengyan , Fuller Kelly N Z , Franczak Edziu , Miller Josh , Allen Julie , McCoin Colin S , Shankar Kartik , Ding Wen-Xing , Thyfault John P , Geiger Paige C 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Nonacholic fatty liver disease, or hepatic steatosis, is the most common liver disorder affecting the western world and currently has no pharmacologic cure. Thus, many investigations have focused on alternative strategies to treat or prevent hepatic steatosis. Our laboratory has shown that chronic heat treatment (HT) mitigates glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in rodent models of obesity. Here, we investigate the direct bioenergetic mechanism(s) surrounding the metabolic effects of HT on hepatic mitochondria. Utilizing mitochondrial proteomics and respiratory function assays, we show that one bout of acute HT (42°C for 20 min) in male C57Bl/6J mice (n = 6/group) triggers a hepatic mitochondrial heat shock response resulting in acute reductions in respiratory capacity, degradation of key mitochondrial enzymes, and induction of mitophagy via mitochondrial ubiquitination. We also show that chronic bouts of HT and recurrent activation of the heat shock response enhances mitochondrial quality and respiratory function via compensatory adaptations in mitochondrial organization, gene expression, and transport even during 4 weeks of high-fat feeding (n = 6/group). Finally, utilizing a liver-specific heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) knockout model, we are the first to show that HSP72, a protein putatively driving the HT metabolic response, does not play a significant role in the hepatic mitochondrial adaptation to acute or chronic HT. However, HSP72 is required for the reductions in blood glucose observed with chronic HT. Our data are the first to suggest that chronic HT (1) improves hepatic mitochondrial respiratory efficiency via mitochondrial remodeling and (2) reduces blood glucose in a hepatic HSP72-dependent manner.
Peopling a new colony: Henry Jordan, land orders, and Queensland immigration, 1861–7
Authors: Morgan Kenneth 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This article analyses the first years of the land order system of immigration that dominated Queensland’s settlement as a colony. Queensland issued land orders worth £30 per adult to fare-paying British and Irish immigrants who were mechanics, agriculturalists and people with modest amounts of capital. This form of immigration was facilitated through the work of an Emigration Commissioner – later an Agent-General – based in the British Isles. Henry Jordan held these positions in the period 1861–6. The article argues that land orders only partly met their intended outcomes, but that Jordan’s activities were essential for the scheme’s limited success.