bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-Cell Analysis of Tumor-Specific Neutrophils During Gastric Cancer Progression Inspired a Hippo Targeted Antitumor Therapy
Authors: Jiao Shi , Nie Pingping , Zhang Weihong , Meng Yang , Guo Fenghua , Zhang Hui , Tong Zhenzhu , Wang Meng , Chen Fan , An Liwei , Han Yi , Wang Wenjia , Wei Lixin , Zhou Zhaocai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Neutrophils are important for tumor immunosurveillance; yet their roles in tumorigenesis remain debating due to incomplete understanding of their heterogeneity and functional plasticity. Here we resolve at single-cell resolution the heterogeneity of neutrophils in tumor-bearing mice and patients with gastric cancer. Our results define CXCR2negCD44neg neutrophils as a tumor-specific (tsNeu) population with activated (CD14high) but atavistic phenotypes (CD53highCD63high). Human and mouse tsNeus can be further classified into four subsets according to their expression of CD54 and CD101. Importantly, the spatiotemporal evolution and anti-tumor function of tsNeu requires the Hippo pathway transcriptional co-activator YAP/TAZ. Deficiency of YAP/TAZ impairs the generation of effective tsNeus and therefore accelerates tumor progression. Remarkably, treatment with the Hippo antagonist phosphatidic acid (PA) turns blood neutrophils into tsNeus with enhanced abilities of direct killing tumor cells, as well as inducing adaptive anti-tumor immunity. Collectively, our work not only identified molecular makers for tsNeus, but also revealed key transcriptional programs for their fate determination and function; and further offers a strategy of targeting Hippo-YAP/TAZ for neutrophil therapy against gastric cancer.
Association of Toll-Like Receptor 9 Gene Polymorphisms With Remission in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Receiving Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Inhibitors and Development of Machine Learning Models
Authors: Kim Woorim , Kim Tae Hyeok , Oh Su Jin , Kim Hyun Jeong , Kim Joo Hee , Kim Hyoun-Ah , Jung Ju-Yang , Choi In Ah , Lee Kyung Eun 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Studies that investigate the association between toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 or TLR9 gene polymorphisms and remission from the disease in RA patients taking tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors have yet to be conducted. In this context, this study was designed to investigate the effects of polymorphisms in TLR4 and TLR9 on response to TNF-α inhibitor and develop various machine learning approaches to predict remission. A total of six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were investigated. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms and response to treatment. Various machine learning methods were utilized for prediction of remission. After adjusting for covariates, the rate of remission of T-allele carriers of TLR9 rs352139 was about 5 times that of the CC-genotype carriers (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.325–19.231, p = 0.018). Among machine learning algorithms, multivariate logistic regression and elastic net showed the best prediction with the AUROC value of 0.71 (95% CI 0.597 - 0.823 for both models). This study showed an association between a TLR9 polymorphism (rs352139) and treatment response in RA patients receiving TNF-α inhibitors. Moreover, this study developed various machine learning methods for prediction, among which the elastic net provided the best model for remission prediction.
Isolation and Characterization of a Bacteriophage Infecting Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Its Application as a Potential Decontaminating Agent
Authors: Sharma Sonika , Datta Sibnarayan , Chatterjee Soumya , Dutta Moumita , Samanta Jhuma , Vairale Mohan G , Gupta Rajeev , Veer Vijay , Dwivedi Sanjai K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
To treat antibiotic resistance bacteria, bacteriophage (also called 'phage') application has recently drawn considerable attention from researchers globally. Bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa are known to be associated with nosocomial infections especially in patients with compromised immune systems. In the present work, phage against P. aeruginosa (named 'DRLP1') was isolated from wastewater, enriched and characterized. Morphologically DRLP1 belongs to the family Myoviridae with a high lytic ability. DRLP1 has a burst size of approximately 100 PFU/infected cells, a rapid adsorption time when supplemented with MgCl2, and has viability in a wide temperature range and pH. Genomic sequencing and bioinformatics analysis showed that the phage genome is linear double-stranded, 66,243 bp in length and have a GC content of 54.9%. the genome encodes 93 phage related ORFs open reading frames (ORFs). Phage stability in lyophilized state, adsorption study on sodium alginate beads, and in-vitro pathogen reduction assays were also investigated. Study carried out with artificially contaminated fomites suggests that this phage has the potential for application as a biological decontaminant agent against P. aeruginosa in different conditions.
Sonic irrigation for removal of calcium hydroxide in the apical root canal: A micro-CT and light-coupled tracking analysis
Authors: Moon Wonjoon , Chung Shin Hye , Chang Juhea 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of three sonic irrigation systems for removal of calcium hydroxide dressing from the apical root canal. A total of 96 single-rooted teeth in three categories of root canal curvatures (straight: 0–5⁰, moderate: 6–20⁰, and severe: > 20⁰ were allocated to four groups: conventional needle irrigation, EndoActivator, EQ-S, and Vibringe. The root canals were instrumented using Protaper NEXT and filled with calcium hydroxide. After removal of calcium hydroxide, the remaining volume of calcium hydroxide was measured by micro-CT analysis. Data were compared among root canal curvatures and irrigation systems using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test (p < .05). The oscillating range of each irrigation system was measured using light-coupled motion tracking. The volumes of calcium hydroxide remained in the canals of severe curvature were significantly lower than in those of straight curvature (p < .05). In the canals of moderate or severe curvature, EQ-S showed the highest removal percentage, followed by EndoActivator, Vibringe, and needle irrigation (p < .05). Light-coupled tracking showed the largest oscillating range in EQ-S (p < .05). Sonically activated irrigation systems with a flexible tip can be beneficial for cleaning of intracanal medication in the curved apical canals.
Cytopathic Effect of Vero Cells Adapted Bangladeshi Strain of Peste Des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Virus in Cell Culture
Authors: Siddiqui MSI , Globig Anja , Hoffmann Bernd , Islam MN , Islam  , Chowdhury EH 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The present study described the cytopathic effect of PPR virus presently being used in serial passages at level of 60th in Vero cells and infected tissue culture fluid was used in this study as viral inoculum. Vero cells were grown on cover slip & were infected with tissue culture fluid at a fixed multiplicity of infection (MOI) 0.01. The infected cover slip along with control were stained with H&E stain at periodic intervals and cytopathic effect was studied with microscope. The cytopathic effect (CPE) was visible at first from 24 hpi and the Vero cells showed initial cell rounding, aggregation and syncytial development. Development of inclusion bodies and cell degradation was noticed by 72 hpi. Complete detachment of the cell monolayer was observed by 84 hpi. It is concluded that, development of numerous inclusion bodies is the indication of well adaptation & extensive multiplication of PPRV in Vero cells.
Effects of Fertilisation on Grass and Forb Gamic Reproduction in Semi-natural Grasslands
Authors: Scotton Michele , Rossetti Valentina 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Studying the effects of fertilisation on the seed production of grassland species can help understand the vegetation changes and biodiversity losses due to soil eutrophication. On a temperate hay-meadow, the seed production of fifteen grasses and seventeen forbs was studied under three fertilisation treatments: 0-0-0, 0-54-108 and 192-108-216 kg N, P2O5 and K2O respectively, per year. Fertile shoots collected at the seed maturation stage were analysed for all main traits of the gamic reproduction. On average, forbs produced more ovules and viable seeds per shoot (199 and 65, respectively) than grasses (112 and 35, respectively). Fertilisation increased the number of inflorescences per shoot in both grasses and forbs and had a limited but variable effect on germinability and viability in the two functional groups: viability increased in grasses but often decreased in forbs. This pattern resulted in 55% and 11% increases in viable seed production in grasses and forbs, respectively. At the higher level of fertilisation, shoot density was positively related to the number of viable seeds per shoot in grasses and to the seed size in forbs. Higher grass seed dormancy likely allowed for later grass seed germination in autumn when vegetation cover was low, contributing to the dominance of a few light-seeded nutrient-demanding grasses and poor forb number in fertilised meadows.
An Energetic Cognitive Radio Network Communication Principles with Attack Identification Strategies using Game Theory
Authors: S Thanga Revathi , A Gayathri , J Kalaivani , M Manickam , K Kalaiselvi , K Deepa Thilak 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In a wireless communication industry Cognitive Radio Network is the most important concern to deal with long range communications in efficient manner with futuristic remote sensing and channel allocation policies. This kind of communication principles need to tackle the attacks in wide manner. Generally, the attacks come from the intruder end with several variations but the most common attacks are network sniffing, route trapping and so on, but in the case of Cognitive Radio Network the major threat is called Primary User Impersonation (PUI). This kind of PUI attacks acts like a regular Primary User (PU) and raise a signals accordingly to make confuse the Secondary Users to come out from the communication line as well as the entire communication spectrum utilized by the Secondary User gets affected. Due to these kinds of affections the legitimate Secondary Users suffer and left from the respective channels utilized for communication. This type of attacks highly creates an impact over the Cognitive Radio Network and causes the failure over spectrum accessing. The flexible accessibility by some voluntary users maintains a constant selection of actions to determine their appropriate target, so they can differentiate between accomplishing their objectives and being compliant with their goals. The critical role is protected against obstruction and moreover mandated by vitality criteria. At the aim to develop energy saving and power gathering cooperative spectrum, factors that are central to the success of the project must be suggested in the literature as two major protocols, such as: Time Sharing (TS) and Energy Sharing (ES). An energy utilization constraint restriction is imposed on the power cells (battery) to make sure they do not charge and discharge at around the parallel period Primary User Impersonation detection in an efficient manner, in which it uses recent advancements in cooperative spectrum sensing to devise an algorithm called Energetic Cognitive Radio Network Game Planner (ECRNGP). A Game Theory logic provides an intelligent attack identification abilities to the proposed approach to identify the threat signals immediately and notify that to the respective transmitter unit to make appropriate preventive measures for that as well as this proposed approach efficiently identifies the Primary User Impersonation and provides a sufficient protection to the CRN environment as well as Secondary Users to make a perfect communication between entities without any attack oriented constraints.
Associations Among Coagulation-Related Variables, Resolution of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC), and Mortality in Patients with Sepsis-Induced DIC Treated with Recombinant Human Soluble Thrombomodulin: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Mitaka Chieko , Kawagoe Izumi , Satoh Daizoh , Hayashida Masakazu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: We evaluated associations among coagulation-related variables, resolution of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and mortality in patients with sepsis-induced DIC treated with recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin (rTM). Methods: We retrospectively investigated patients with sepsis-induced DIC treated with rTM. Changes in coagulation-related variables before and after treatment with rTM were examined. Further, associations between coagulation-related variables and DIC resolution were evaluated. Results: A total of 123 patients were included. The platelet count, prothrombin international normalized ratio (PT-INR), and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) significantly (p < 0.001) improved after rTM administration in survivors (n = 98), but not in nonsurvivors (n = 25). However, the DIC score significantly (p < 0.001) reduced not only in survivors but also in nonsurvivors. PT-INR before rTM was significantly (p = 0.0029) lower in patients attaining than not attaining DIC resolution (n = 87 and 36, respectively). The 28-day mortality was significantly lower in patients attaining than not attaining DIC resolution (11.5% vs. 41.7 %, p = 0.0001).Conclusions: The DIC score significantly reduced after rTM in both survivors and nonsurvivors. rTM might play an important role in improving DIC, especially when treatment with rTM is initiated in the early phase of DIC.
Development of IMBs-qPCR Detection Method for Yersinia enterocolitica Based on the foxA Gene
Authors: Shi Jingxuan , Chi Heng , Cao Aiping , Song Yinna , Zhu Min , Zhang Linlin , Xu Fuzhou , huang jinhai 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica is an important zoonotic pathogen, which seriously endangers food safety risk. In this study, the recombinant outer membrane protein OmpF and its antibody were prepared and coupled with immunomagnetic beads (IMBs) to capture Y. enterocolitica in food samples, combining the quantitative PCR detection with primers of virulence factor gene fox A for Yersinia enterocolitica contamination. The results showed that the capture efficiency of approximately 80% using anti-OmpF antibody-immunomagnetic beads and linearly dependent capture under 10 1 -10 5 CFU/mL Y. enterocolitica . compare with less than 10% capture of other bacteria. The detection limit of 64 CFU/mL was obtained by based on fox A gene PCR detection combined with capture of the anti-OmpF antibody-immunomagnetic beads to detect Yersinia enterocolitica in artificially contaminated milk and pork samples. Comparing with the culture method, the developed IMBs-qPCR method has higher consistency, less time consuming, which providing an effective alternative method for rapid detection of Y. enterocolitica in food.
Respiratory and Cardiovascular Health Effects of e-Cigarette Substitution: Protocol for Two Living Systematic Reviews
Authors: O'Leary Renee , Qureshi Maria Ahmed , La Rosa Giusy Rita Maria , Vernooij Robin W M , Odimegwu Damian Chukwu , Bertino Gaetano , Polosa Riccardo 
Published: May 2021

Background
Despite the clear risks of tobacco use, millions of people continue to smoke. Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), commonly called e-cigarettes, have been proposed as a substitute for those who are unwilling or unable to quit. Current systematic and narrative reviews on the health effects of ENDS use, particularly respiratory and cardiovascular effects, have come to differing conclusions.

Objective
We conducted two systematic reviews to critically assess and synthesize available human studies on the respiratory and cardiovascular health effects of ENDS substitution for people who smoke. The primary goal is to provide clinicians with evidence on the health effects of ENDS substitution to inform their treatment recommendations and plans. The twin goal of the reviews is to promote health literacy in ENDS users with facts on the health effects of ENDS.

Methods
These two reviews will be living systematic reviews. The systematic reviews will be initiated through a baseline review. Studies will be evaluated using the JBI quality assessment tools and a checklist of biases drawn from the Centre for Evidence Based Medicine Catalogue of Bias. A narrative synthesis is planned because of the heterogeneity of data. A search for recently published studies will be conducted every 3 months, and an updated review will be published every 6 months for the duration of the project or possibly longer.

Results
The baseline and updated reviews will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. The findings of the reviews will be reported in a white paper for clinicians and a fact sheet for people who use ENDS.

Conclusions
The substitution of ENDS for cigarettes is one way to potentially reduce the risks of smoking. Clinicians and their patients need to understand the potential benefits and possible risks of substituting ENDS for cigarettes. Our living systematic reviews seek to highlight the best and most up-to-date evidence in this highly contentious and fast-moving field of research.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42021239094; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=239094

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/29084
Health Information Seeking Behaviors on Social Media During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among American Social Networking Site Users: Survey Study
Authors: Neely Stephen , Eldredge Christina , Sanders Ron 
Published: May 2021

Background
In recent years, medical journals have emphasized the increasingly critical role that social media plays in the dissemination of public health information and disease prevention guidelines. However, platforms such as Facebook and Twitter continue to pose unique challenges for clinical health care providers and public health officials alike. In order to effectively communicate during public health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, it is increasingly critical for health care providers and public health officials to understand how patients gather health-related information on the internet and adjudicate the merits of such information.

Objective
With that goal in mind, we conducted a survey of 1003 US-based adults to better understand how health consumers have used social media to learn and stay informed about the COVID-19 pandemic, the extent to which they have relied on credible scientific information sources, and how they have gone about fact-checking pandemic-related information.

Methods
A web-based survey was conducted with a sample that was purchased through an industry-leading market research provider. The results were reported with a 95% confidence level and a margin of error of 3. Participants included 1003 US-based adults (aged ≥18 years). Participants were selected via a stratified quota sampling approach to ensure that the sample was representative of the US population. Balanced quotas were determined (by region of the country) for gender, age, race, and ethnicity.

Results
The results showed a heavy reliance on social media during the COVID-19 pandemic; more than three-quarters of respondents (762/1003, 76%) reported that they have relied on social media at least “a little,” and 59.2% (594/1003) of respondents indicated that they read information about COVID-19 on social media at least once per week. According to the findings, most social media users (638/1003, 63.6%) were unlikely to fact-check what they see on the internet with a health professional, despite the high levels of mistrust in the accuracy of COVID-19–related information on social media. We also found a greater likelihood of undergoing vaccination among those following more credible scientific sources on social media during the pandemic (χ216=50.790; φ=0.258; P<.001).

Conclusions
The findings suggest that health professionals will need to be both strategic and proactive when engaging with health consumers on social media if they hope to counteract the deleterious effects of misinformation and disinformation. Effective training, institutional support, and proactive collaboration can help health professionals adapt to the evolving patterns of health information seeking.
SOSIALISASI PEMELIHARAAN PERSONAL HYGIENE DAN PROTEKSI DIRI DI LINGKUNGAN PERUMAHAN PADA ERA NEW NORMAL
Authors: Karlina Nina , Rusli Budiman , Muhtar Entang Adhi , Candradewini Candradewini 
Published: May 2021

Perumahan merupakan kelompok rumah yang memiliki fungsi sebagai lingkungan tempat tinggal maupun hunian yang memiliki berbagai prasarana lingkungan seperti kelengkapan dasar meliputi penyediaan air minum, pembuangan sampah, listrik, telepon, jalan serta sarana lingkungan yang merupakan sarana penunjang yang berfungsi untuk penyelenggaraan serta pengembangan kehidupan. Pada masa pandemi Covid-19 ini dituntut untuk menjaga diri dan lingkungan agar dapat menanggulangi penyebaran Covid-19. Salah satu dengan melakukan penataan kawasan pemukiman dan perumahan. Pada era new normal ini sangatlah penting karena banyak masyarakat berpersepsi bahwa new normal ini kembali ke situasi biasa sebelum adanya pandemi ini. Akan tetapi penyebaran Covid-19 masih cukup tinggi per harinya yaitu sekitar 3000 kasus baru terjadi di Indonesia. Dalam menanggulangi penyebaran virus corona yaitu mematuhi protokol kesehatan dalam beraktivitas sehari–hari misalnya penggunaan masker, menjaga jarak, hindari kerumunan serta selalu mencuci tangan. Hal tersebut dapat dikatakan sebagai cara personal hygiene dan proteksi diri yang sangat penting, apabila masyarakat sudah dapat mematuhi protokol kesehatan untuk memelihara personal hygiene dan proteksi diri maka bisa mengurangi penyebaran virus corona di lingkungan tempat tinggal seperti pemukiman dan perumahan. Harus adanya kesadaran dari masing-masing warga menciptakan lingkungan perumahan tempat tinggalnya terbebas dari penyebaran virus corona.
PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN MENGENAI PENTINGNYA MENJAGA KADAR HEMOGLOBIN DI DALAM DARAH PADA SISWI SMA NEGRI 1 GARUT
Authors: Sumarna Umar , Nurhakim Furkon , Rosidin Udin 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAKSiswa-siswi sekolah menengah terdiri dari anak-anak remaja calon penerus bangsa, dimana fisik dan intelektualnya sedang berkembang, serta dipersiapkan untuk menyongsong masa depan yang lebih baik. Oleh karena itu sangat disayangkan bila status kesehatannya rendah, tubuhnya lemah, dan kurang produktif. Kondisi tersebut akan terjadi bila kadar haemoglobin dalam darahnya rendah. Pada studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Garut ditemukan bahwa dalam pemeriksaan di laboratorium, banyak siswa-siswinya yang terbukti kadar haemoglobinnya rendah, yaitu di bawah 11 gr%, terutama para siswinya. Data tersebut diperkuat dengan banyaknya para siswi yang dibopong ke ruang UKS setelah melakukan aktivitas yang agak berat, seperti olahraga, upacara, kegiatan pramuka dan lain lain. Upaya untuk mengatasi hal itu telah dilakukan oleh pihak sekolah dengan cara bekerja sama dengan pihak puskesmas setempat dengan menyelenggarakan kegiatan UKS. Adapun program yang nyata dan spesifik pada siswi di SMA Negeri 1 Garut adalah program pemberian tablet Fe. Masalah yang terdapat di sekolah tersebut adalah pada kurang berhasilnya program pemberian tablet Fe dalam upaya menjaga kadar haemoglobin dalam darah. Hal ini terjadi karena kurangnya disiplin para siswi dalam melaksanakan program tersebut, dimana tablet Fe tersebut banyak yang dibuang bukan dimakan dengan alasan yang bermacam-macam. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah, diskusi dan demonstrasi. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan, bahwa responden siswi SMA Negeri 1 Garut sebanyak 71 orang memperoleh nilai pretest 4,55 s.d 90,91 dan nilai postes 45,45 s.d 100,00, sementara nilai rerata pretes 36,36, dan nilai rerata postest 68,16 dengan nilai signifikansi 0,00. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa para siswi SMA Negeri 1 Garut sangat antusias dalam mengikuti pendidikan kesehatan yang berkaitan dengan peningkatan kadar haemoglobin dalam darah. Kata Kunci: haemoglobin, siswi, tablet Fe