bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Purified Biflavonoid Extract From Selaginella moellendorffii Alleviates Gout Arthritis via NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 Axis Suppression
Authors: Zhang Xueyan , Liu Yingbo , Deng Guangrui , Huang Bisheng , Kai Guoyin , chen Keli , Li Juan 
Published: May 2021

Background: Activation of nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a crucial role in gout. Selaginella moellendorffii has been confirmed effective for the treatment of gout in hospital preparations. Flavonoids, such as amentoflavone (AM), are the main active components of this medicine.Purpose: We aimed to investigate the flavonoid extract (TF) and AM's effects on NLRP3 inflammasome in vitro and their preventive effects on gout in vivo.Methods: LC-MS method was employed to investigate the chemical profile of TF. The cellular inflammation model was established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or monosodium urate (MSU) stimulation. The cell membrane integrality and morphological characteristics were determined by using Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay kits, propidium iodide (PI) stain, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The inflammatory cytokines and NLRP3 inflammasome activation were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunofluorescence staining, and western blotting. The acute gout mouse model was induced by MSU injection into footpads, and then the paw edema, inflammatory mediators, and histological examination (HE) were analyzed.Results: The main constituents in TF are AM and robustaflavone. In the cellular inflammation model, TF down-regulated the levels of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, and LDH, suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome-derived interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion, decreased caspase-1 activation, repressed mature IL-1β expression, inhibited ASC speck formation and NLRP3 protein expression. In an acute gout mouse model, oral administration of TF to mice effectively alleviated paw edema, reduced inflammatory features, and decreased the levels of IL-1β in mouse foot tissue. Similarly, the characteristic constituent AM was also able to down-regulated the levels of NO, TNF-α, and LDH, down-regulate the mRNA expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, caspase-1, and NLRP3. Besides, the foot thickness, lymphocyte infiltration, and IL-1β level were also prevented by AM.Conclusion: The results indicated that TF and its main constituent AM alleviate gout arthritis via NLRP3/ASC/Caspase-1 axis suppression.
Structured Professional Judgment to Assist the Evaluation and Safety Planning of Suicide Risk: The Risk of Suicide Protocol (RoSP)
Authors: Gray Nicola S. , John Ann , McKinnon Aimee , Raybould Stephanie , Knowles James , Snowden Robert J. 
Published: May 2021

Background: The Risk of Suicide Protocol (RoSP) is a structured professional judgment (SPJ) scheme designed in line with NICE guidelines to improve clinicians' ability to evaluate and manage suicide risk.Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of RoSP in two settings: (1) unexpected deaths of people in the community who were known to mental health services; and (2) an inpatient hospital specializing in the assessment and treatment of patients with personality disorder.Method: In Study 1, information from a database of unexpected deaths (N = 68) within an NHS health board was used to complete a RoSP assessment (blind to cause of death) and information from the Coroner's Court was used to assign people to suicide vs. natural causes/accidental death. In Study 2, patients (N = 62) were assessed on the RoSP upon admission to hospital and their self-injurious behaviors were recorded over the first 3 months of admission.Results: (1) Evaluations using RoSP were highly reliable in both samples (ICCs 0.93–0.98); (2) professional judgment based on the RoSP was predictive of completed suicide in the community sample (AUC = 0.83) and; (3) was predictive of both suicide attempts (AUC = 0.81) and all self-injurious behaviors (AUC = 0.80) for the inpatient sample.Conclusion: RoSP is a reliable and valid instrument for the structured clinical evaluation of suicide risk for use in inpatient psychiatric services and in community mental health services. RoSP's efficacy is comparable to well-established structured professional judgment instruments designed to predict other risk behavior (e.g., HCR-20 and the prediction of violence). The use of RoSP for the clinical evaluation of suicide risk and safety-planning provides a structure for meeting NICE guidelines for suicide prevention and is now evidence-based.
The Role of Military Training in Improving Psychological Resilience and Reducing Depression Among College Freshmen
Authors: Guo Rui , Sun Meng , Zhang Chi , Fan Zebin , Liu Zhening , Tao Haojuan 
Published: May 2021

Background: Military training plays an important protective role in enhancing mental health. However, the effects of military training on psychological resilience and depression among college freshmen in China remain unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate changes in psychological resilience and depression through military training among college freshmen, and to investigate associated psychosocial factors including childhood trauma that may influence its effects on psychological resilience.Methods: A prospective and self-comparison study design was employed. College freshmen who received 3 weeks of military training were recruited. Socio-demographic variables were collected and childhood trauma exposure was estimated by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to assess psychological resilience and depression before and after the military-style training.Results: The military training significantly increased the total and subscale scores of CD-RISC (p &lt; 0.001), and decreased the PHQ-9 score (p &lt; 0.001). The proportion of students with clinical depression reduced from 10.5% at baseline to 7.2% after the training (p &lt; 0.001). Improvement of CD-RISC scores was positively affected by male gender and urban area, while negatively affected by older age, and higher baseline scores of PHQ-9 and CTQ. A significant correlation was found between changes in scores of CD-RISC and PHQ-9 through the training (r = −0.238, p &lt; 0.001).Conclusions: Military training may have a positive effect on increasing psychological resilience and reducing depressive symptoms among college freshmen, especially in male students and those from an urban area, while older age, childhood trauma, higher depression levels, and resilience at baseline may weaken, or even mask its positive effect. Follow-up research should be considered for the long-term effects of military-style training.
Effects of Hormonal Contraception Use on Cognitive Functions in Patients With Bulimia Nervosa
Authors: Nobile Benedicte , Maimoun Laurent , Jaussent Isabelle Danielle , Seneque Maude , Dupuis-Maurin Kathlyne , Lefebvre Patrick , Courtet Phillippe , Renard Eric , Guillaume Sebastien 
Published: May 2021

Background: Growing evidences indicate that sex hormones have an effect on cognitive functions, and that Bulimia Nervosa (BN) is associated with cognitive impairment. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hormonal contraception (HC) use on four cognitive functions that are impaired in patients with BN.Methods: This retrospective exploratory study included 103 women with a diagnosis of BN based on the DSM-5 criteria. Their age ranged from 15 to 45 years, and 46.6% were taking HC (oral, transdermal, or intrauterine). Cognition was assessed with the d2 test (attention), Iowa gambling task (IGT; decision making), Brixton spatial anticipation test (set shifting), and Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test (central coherence). Data were analyzed with logistic regression models to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of HC effect on the neuropsychological test scores.Results: In the multivariate model, HC use was significantly associated with better scores for two d2 test indices: F-score [OR = 0.98, 95% CI = (0.95; 0.99)] and final total score ratio [OR = 0.87, 95% CI = (0.77; 0.99)]. HC was also associated with a better understanding of the IGT explicit rules. No difference between the two groups (HC and non-HC use) was detected for set shifting and central coherence.Conclusions: This exploratory study suggests that HC could have effects on the sustained attention and concentration in women with BN. More studies are needed to confirm these results.
Using Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Attitudes of Adult Health Care Consumers in Israel
Authors: Reicher Sima , Sela Tal , Toren Orly 
Published: May 2021

Introduction:The COVID-19 pandemic has affected health care services worldwide due to lockdowns, prevention measures, and social distancing. During this period, patients, including older adults and those with chronic conditions, need ways to obtain medical attention other than going physically to the clinic, such as telemedicine services. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate attitudes toward telemedicine during the COVID-19 lockdown in Israel, assess willingness to use such services in the future, and evaluate the extent to which consumers have changed their minds regarding these services.Method:A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study was conducted among adults (age 20–90) using social media networks (N= 693). Data were collected using an online questionnaire explicitly designed to measure attitudes toward telemedicine.Results:Most of the participants had to use telemedicine during the lockdown and were satisfied therewith. The majority also stated that they would continue using telemedicine in the future. However, only a third stated that they had changed their minds regarding telemedicine. The main predictors of willingness to use telemedicine in the future were the necessity of using such services during lockdown, preference for going to a clinic, and satisfaction with telemedicine, alongside gender and having a chronic illness. Importantly, we found that a preference for visiting the clinic was negatively correlated with willingness to use telemedicine in the future. Education and being single were predictors of the change of mind regarding telemedicine. Participants with chronic conditions are more likely to use these services, and specific attention should be directed to their needs. A small portion of the study sample prefers live appointments with a physician.Conclusions:Telemedicine use is rapidly changing. It is vital for health care providers to identify non-telemedicine users and their common characteristics. Monitoring patients' attitudes regarding telemedicine is essential in the future after the pandemic ends. Targeted outreach plans should be formulated. These plans should be directed at identifying barriers to using telemedicine, and they should generate specific, focused plans.
Resilience Meets Sustainable and Spiritual Background Into an Initial Review for the New Normal After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bella Ricardo Luiz Fernandes , Barboza Douglas Vieira , Quelhas Osvaldo Luiz Gonçalves , Meiriño Marcelo Jasmim , França Sergio Luiz Braga 
Published: May 2021

Objective: This work aims to generate an initial basis for a discussion of the strategic structuring of values that impact the perspective of planning at its different levels within the scope of organizational human relations. The value highlighted in this article is an intersection between organizational resilience and spirituality at work, through which production systems can maintain internal quality even after conforming to external pressures from the environment and moving toward sustainability.Design/Methodology/Approach: The methodology applied in this research consists of consulting and organizing a previous knowledge base of a research and development group in technology and sustainability. This knowledge base is based on research, articles, and books on sustainability and corporate responsibility. Then, this more sedimented knowledge base finds the most recent construction of the concept of spirituality in the workplace for the topic of interest from a triangulation of the concept of resilience, corporate sustainability, and spirituality at work.Results: The main findings of this research, if in the reflections on the impact of attribute resilience in the development and maintenance of productive systems. The main issue observed is the correspondence of the identity of the human being with identity, enabling the production of a predictable planning environment in the aspects of motivation and engagement to overcome moments of crisis.Originality/Value: The originality of the article involves the construction of an abstract approach system to understand an attribute that, according to the literature, can be developed and articulated to achieve a perennial organizational performance in society.
FORMAÇÃO DO GESTOR EM SAÚDE
Authors: BARBOSA CESAR MARTINS 
Published: May 2021

Trata-se de um estudo exploratório descritivo, cujo objetivo principal é a caracterização do perfil do gestor em saúde, através do mapeamento dos conhecimentos e competências. No que diz respeito ao conhecimento e aplicação das leis que regem o processo licitatório, 93% dos entrevistados conhecem as leis de licitação e as utilizam no seu dia a dia de trabalho, enquanto 6,7% têm conhecimento sobre o assunto, porém, não o utilizam no desempenho de suas tarefas. Em relação às bases legais do SUS é conhecida por apenas 73,3% da amostra. Os dados demonstram que 80% dos profissionais conhecem a LRF. Sobre a LOA, apenas 40% dos profissionais entrevistados afirmam conhecê-la. Quando os sujeitos foram indagados sobre o seu conhecimento em relação PPA, apenas 60% disseram conhecer o instrumento. O SIOPS é conhecido por apenas 40% do grupo. 86,7% dos profissionais conhecem o RAG. Já a PPI é conhecida por 66,7% dos profissionais entrevistados. Quanto ao PS, somente, 66,7% afirmam conhecê-lo, o PES é conhecido por 86,7% dos entrevistados. Indagados sobre a agenda de prioridades, 66,7% afirmam conhecê-la. Algumas competências gerenciais são muito estimuladas, outras não. Dentre as estimuladas, estão: abertura para mudanças, ética e profissionalismo e consciência da qualidade, com 46,7% dos entrevistados respondendo de forma positiva a estes estímulos. Outras competências como atuação de forma preventiva e expressar-se de modo crítico (40% cada) e conhecimento sobre as políticas de saúde (53,3%). Além disso, vê-se: trabalho em equipe (40%), comunicação (46,7%) e visão estratégica (33,3%). Outras competências são razoavelmente estimuladas: iniciativa e criatividade; e capacidade de liderar pessoas (26,7% cada). 40% dos gestores não se sentem estimulados a participar dos processos decisórios. Ao final do estudo, percebeu-se a influência do perfil dos gestores no aperfeiçoamento das práticas de gestão, já que mostrou as potencialidades e os desafios enfrentados e servirá de base para o processo de qualificação permanente dos profissionais envolvidos na gestão, traduzida em ações mais efetivas e eficientes, proporcionadas pelo conhecimento e uso dos mecanismos de apoio ao gerenciamento do SUS.
G protein- and β-arrestin Signaling Profiles of Endothelin Derivatives at the Type A Endothelin Receptor
Authors: Xiong Xinyu , Nazo Nour , Revoori Ritika , Rajagopal Sudarshan , Sparks Matthew A. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Key Points

Endothelins activated a wide range of G proteins at the ETAREndothelin derivatives did display structure-activity relationships in their degrees of agonism
β-arrestin 1 and 2 does not augment the diurnal blood pressure, acute, or chronic pressor response to endothelin 1

Background
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor in the cardiovascular system, an effect mediated through the type A endothelin receptor (ETAR), a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Antagonists of the ETAR have shown promising results in randomized clinical trials. However, side effects limit widespread use. Biased agonists have been developed to mitigate the untoward effects of a number of GPCR antagonists. These agents block deleterious G-coupled pathways while stimulating protective β-arrestin pathways. The goal of this study was to test whether there was any significant ligand bias between endothelin derivatives, and whether this could have any physiologic effects in the cardiovascular system.

Methods
A panel of endothelin derivatives were tested in assays of G protein signaling and β-arrestin 2 recruitment at the ETAR. We then tested the effects of ET-1 on the vasopressor response in wild-type and β-arrestin 1 and 2 KO mice.

Results
We found the endothelins activated a wide range of G proteins at the ETAR, but none of the endothelin derivatives demonstrated significant biased agonism. Endothelin derivatives did display structure-activity relationships with regards to their degrees of agonism. β-arrestin 1 and 2 knockout mice did not display any differences to wild-type mice in the acute pressor response to ET-1, and β-arrestin 2 knockout mice did not display any blood pressure differences to wild-type mice in the chronic responses to ET-1.

Conclusions
Our findings are consistent with vasoconstriction being mediated by G proteins with a lack of significant desensitization by β-arrestins at the ETAR. These findings suggest that G protein– and β-arrestin–biased ETAR agonists could have distinct physiologic effects from balanced agonists, although the endothelin peptide scaffold does not appear suitable for designing such ligands.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berbicara & Hasil Belajar Bahasa Inggris Melalui Penerapan Teknik Drill Pada Siswa Kelas XII MIPA2 SMA Negeri 1 Piyungan
Authors: Ikhsan Hery Kurniawan Akhmad 
Published: May 2021

Kurang beragamnya penggunaan metode/ strategi pembelajaran mengakibatan pembelajaran di kelas menjadi monoton, oleh sebab itu, diperlukan sebuah metode/teknik yang cocok untuk menciptkan pembelajaran yang menyenangkan, salah satunya adalah menggunakan teknik driil. Teknik drill merupakan salah satu teknik pembelajaran yang sangat berguna dalam pembelajaran, khusunya dalam pembelajaran bahasa inggris. Hal ini dikarenakan teknik drill dilakukan menekankan pada aspek kegiatan latihan yang dilakukan secara berulang-ulang secara terus menerus sampai peserta didik mampu menguasai keterampilan yang dilatihkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penggunaan teknik drill dalam pembelajaran bahasa inggris untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara dan hasil belajar pada siswa SMA Negeri 1 Piyungan. Desain penelitian menggunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang terdiri dari dua siklus yaitu siklus 1 dan siklus 2. Tiap siklus terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Lokasi penelitian dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Piyungan yang terdiri dari XII MIPA2 dengan jumlah 22 siswa.Instrumen peneltian terdiri dari lembar observasi, angket dan tes hasil belajar. Selanjutnya data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis kriteria ketuntasan minimum. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa dengan menggunakan teknik drill dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berbicara siswa dengan 83,03 % pada siklus 2 (pertemuan kedua). Sedangkan dari aspek hasil belajar penggunaan tekni drill dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan persentasi ketercapaipain sebesar 13,73%. Oleh karena itu dapat dikatakan bahwa penggunaan teknik drill dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar dan kemampuan berbicara siswa dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris.
Propuesta didáctica: el cuento, los temas transversales, las tic en educación infantil.
Authors: Rodríguez Torres Javier 
Published: May 2021

La razón principal que nos han llevado a la elaboración de estos materiales didácticos es la sistematización de una propuesta didáctica partiendo de la realidad y temas interés para la comunidad educativa. De cualquier forma, pretendemos ofrecer un material útil (flexible y orientativo) a los profesores y profesoras de Educación Infantil 5 años y a toda la Comunidad educativa, siendo susceptible, en sus manos de personalizarse, de acuerdo con sus características, necesidades y pretensiones observadas después de su conocimiento.
Por tanto, lo expuesto a continuación, será un posible referente y no la única forma de utilización, pero sí, una experiencia surgida de nuestro contacto y trabajo con la edad a la cual dirigimos el presente trabajo (5 años) que desarrolla y motiva la práctica del Área de Comunicación y Representación, abordando, al mismo tiempo, de forma sistemática, los temas transversales y el uso de las Nuevas Tecnología de la Información y Comunicación.
Reduced fitness cost and increased aggressiveness in fenhexamid-resistant Botrytis cinerea field isolates from Chile
Authors: ESTERIO Marcela , OSORIO-NAVARRO Claudio , AZÓCAR Madelaine , COPIER Charleen , RUBILAR Mauricio , PIZARRO Lorena , AUGER Jaime 
Published: May 2021

Disease management programmes in Chilean table grape vineyards use the hydroxyanilide fenhexamid as a pivotal fungicide for Botrytis cinerea control. However, fenhexamid-resistant populations of this pathogen have progressively increased in vineyards under fungicide use. Botrytis cinerea isolates were collected in ‘Thompson Seedless’ vineyards under fenhexamid control programmes (>two sprays per season) from three regions of Central Chile, during the 2013-2014, 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 growing seasons. Focusing on the 2015-2016 growing season when the greatest level of resistance was measured, only 8% of recovered isolates were sensitive to fenhexamid with 92% of isolates exceeding the sensitivity threshold for mycelium growth. All fenhexamid resistant isolates analyzed carried a mutation in the Erg27 gene, which encodes for 3-keto reductase (3-KR) enzyme. The largest proportion of isolates presented a single-point mutation, leading to a substitution of phenylalanine by serine or isoleucine in the 412 residue of 3-KR (erg27F412S, 27%; erg27F412I, 48%). Substitution by valine in this position was observed in a lower proportion of isolates (erg27F412V, 2%). In contrast to a previous report indicating high fitness cost in isolates carrying erg27F412S or erg27F412I, mycelium growth and sclerotia development under different restrictive temperatures were not affected compared to wildtype Erg27 F412 in Chilean mutant isolates. At 0°C, erg27F412S and erg27F412I generated larger lesions than erg27F412V and Erg27F412 isolates in wounded and unwounded berry assays. Another five mutations were detected in low-resistance Erg27 F412 isolates; one was a previously unreported mutation: erg27R330P. This study has demonstrated a significant loss of sensitivity to fenhexamid, limited fitness cost and high aggressiveness levels (erg27F412S and erg27 F412I) in field isolates carrying Erg27 mutations, giving dirctions for the design of Botrytis control programmes based on fenhexamid.
Fatores relacionados í adesão ao tratamento anti-hipertensivo: fundamentação a partir da teoria de Imogene King
Authors: Serafim de Oliveira Deiziane , Da Silva Oliveira Bárbara Cristina , Pereira Alves Salmana Rianne , da Silva Ferreira Torres Valdicléia , De Oliveira Regina Célia , Abrantes Cordeiro Morais Camila 
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: Conhecer as percepções de usuários hipertensos diante do tratamento anti-hipertensivo, relacionando-as com os conceitos do sistema interpessoal da Teoria do Alcance de Metas de Imogene King. Método: Estudo descritivo e exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 10 usuários hipertensos. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas para a coleta dos dados e utilizou-se a Análise de Conteúdo Temática proposta por Minayo para análise do material. Resultados: Foi possí­vel identificar dois eixos temáticos: Viver com Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica; Dificuldades diante da adesão ao tratamento anti-hipertensivo. Conclusão: A necessidade de uso contí­nuo da medicação, mudanças no cotidiano dos indiví­duos e o desconhecimento em relação í patologia, são fatores que podem influenciar a adesão ao tratamento anti-hipertensivo. Ressalta-se que a relação entre o enfermeiro e o paciente é compreendida como aspecto que contribui para a terapêutica.