bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation de la fertilité des sols et les rendements de cotonnier, maïs et sorgho à >Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex. Walp
Authors: Doumbia Salif , Dembele Sidiki G. , Sissoko Fagaye , Samake Odiaba , Sousa Fernando , Cicek Harun , Adamtey Noah , Fliessbach Andreas 
Published: January 2021

De nos jours, la carence en fertilité des sols est un problème très répandu dans la plupart des pays subsahariens. G. sepium a été testé en association avec le cotonnier, le maïs et le sorgho afin de développer les meilleures pratiques dans deux stations de recherche et en milieu paysan dans les zones soudaniennes et soudano-guinéenne du Mali. L'objectif de cette étude était de développer, avec les producteurs participants, une technologie agro-forestière basée sur le Gliricidia sepium dans le système de culture en couloir. Le dispositif expérimental utilisé a été le Split plot à quatre répétitions. Le pH, le carbone organique du sol et l'azote ont été analysé dans des échantillons de sol de 0 à 20 cm de profondeur prélevés en 2016 au début de l'expérience et en 2018. Les rendements grains moyens de coton, de maïs et de sorgho associés au G. sepium étaient respectivement de 812, 1457 et 1377 kg.ha-1, alors qu'ils étaient significativement plus faibles sans G. sepium, avec 623, 1014 et 807 kg.ha-1 respectivement. Pendant la troisième année suivant la plantation de G. sepium, la teneur en carbone organique et en azote total du sol a augmenté de 5% dans les sols situés entre les allées. Le G. sepium en association avec les cultures a le potentiel d'améliorer leurs rendements et le sol.Mots clés : Carbone organique, azote, rendements, zones soudanienne et soudano-guinéenne, Mali
English Title: Evaluation of Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex. Walp effect on soil fertility, yields of cotton, maize and sorghum
Nowdays, soil fertility deficiency is a widespread issue in most Sub-Saharian countries specially where the application of less input is the common agricultural practices. Thus the legume plant, G. sepium was established with cotton, maize and sorghum to develop best practices for increasing crop yield and soil fertility at two research stations and farming environment in the Sudanian and Sudano-Guinean zones of Mali. The objective of this study was to develop an agroforestry technology with farmers based on Gliricidia sepium in alley cropping system. The experimental design was Split plot with four replications. Soil pH, soil organic carbon and nitrogen were analyzed from 0-20 cm deep soil samples taken in 2016 at the beginning of the experiment and in 2018. Mean grain yields of cotton, maize and sorghum associated with G. sepium were 812, 1457 and 1377 kg.ha-1, respectively, while they were significantly lower without G. sepium with 623, 1014 and 807 kg.ha-1 as respectively cotton, maize and sorghum yield. In the third year after planting G. sepium, the soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content increased by 5% between the alleys. G. sepium in association with crops has the potential to improve crop yields and soil fertility.Keywords: Gliricidia sepium, organic carbon, nitrogen, yields, Mali.
Prévalence du pré-diabète et du diabète avec profil lipidique évalué, en milieu hospitalier urbain: étude rétrospective sur 3538 patients reçus au CHU Campus de Lomé
Authors: Kouassi Kafui Codjo , Fétéké Lochina , Etassoli Santrao , Gbekley Efui Holaly , Karou D. Simplice 
Published: January 2021

Les sujets en état de pré-diabète sont exposés à un risque élevé de diabète et de dyslipidémies. La présente étude avait eu pour but de mesurer la prévalence du pré-diabète et du diabète chez des sujets reçus à l’hôpital, puis de déterminer le profil lipidique des pré-diabétiques. Il s’est agi d’une étude rétrospective à visée descriptive, portant sur 3538 patients âgés de 3 à 120 ans, reçus en 2013 au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire nommé Campus. La glycémie, la cholestérolémie totale, la HDL-Cholestérolémie, et la triglycéridémie ont été dosées sur l’automate SELECTRA PRO M. La non-HDL- Cholestérolémie a été calculée. La prévalence du pré-diabète a été déterminée suivant les critères de l’Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) et du « American Diabetes Association » (ADA). La prévalence du pré-diabète suivant les critères de l’OMS était de 8,1% contre 21,5% selon les critères de l’ADA. La prévalence du diabète était de 12,9%. Elle était de 15,3% chez les sujets âgés de 45 à 59 ans. Au sein de la population pré-diabétique 42,3 à 45,6% avaient des dyslipidémies. La prévalence du pré-diabète à l’hôpital était importante. Une prise en charge de ce dernier permettrait de prévenir le diabète de type 2 et réduire les risques de dyslipidémies.
Mots clés : Glycémie, dyslipidémies, pré-diabétiques, Togo.

English Title: Prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes with evaluated lipid profile, in urban hospital: retrospective study on 3538 patients seen at the Lomé campus university hospital.
People with pre-diabetes are at high risk for diabetes and dyslipidemia. The aim of the present study was to measure the prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes in hospital patients, and then to determine the lipid profile of pre-diabetics. It was a retrospective descriptive study, involving 3538 patients aged 3 to 120 years, received in 2013 at the University Hospital Center called Campus. Blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-Cholesterolemia, and triglyceridemia were measured on the SELECTRA PRO M automatic analyzer. Non-HDL-Cholesterolemia was calculated. The prevalence of pre-diabetes was determined according to the criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the "American Diabetes Association" (ADA). The prevalence of pre-diabetes according to WHO criteria was 8.1% compared to 21.5% according to ADA criteria. The prevalence of diabetes was 12.9%. It was 15.3% in subjects aged 45 to 59 years. In the pre-diabetic population 42.3 to 45.6% had dyslipidemia. The prevalence of pre-diabetes in hospital was high. Management of the latter would prevent type 2 diabetes and reduce the risk of dyslipidemia.
Keywords: Glycemia, dyslipidemia, pre-diabetics, Togo.
Hatch traits of artificially incubated ostrich eggs as affected by setting position, angle of rotation and season
Authors: Brand Z. , Cloete S.W.P. , Brown C.R. 
Published: January 2021

High levels of hatching failure in artificially incubated ostrich eggs cause considerable loss in income for the industry. During the 2015 - 2016 breeding seasons, between 846 and 1 549 egg records were used to determine the effect of various setting positions during artificial incubation. Fresh eggs were placed in trolleys to be turned automatically through a 60-degree or a 90-degree angle hourly in the setter. Additional treatments in a factorial design consisted of eggs set in the horizontal position for the total period of five weeks in the setter; eggs set horizontally for three weeks and vertically for two weeks; and eggs set vertically for five weeks in the setter. These treatments were repeated over two production years to represent various seasons, namely winter (June to August), spring (September to November) and summer (December). Late embryonic mortalities were improved significantly in eggs set in trolleys to turn through an angle of 90 degrees (0.16 ± 0.02) compared with eggs set in trolleys to turn through 60 degrees (0.28 ± 0.02), regardless of season and setting position. The preferred way of setting ostrich eggs would thus be in the vertical position in a trolley that turns hourly through an angle of 90 degrees with the air cell upwards to utilize incubator space optimally.
Keywords: chick weight, embryonic mortalities, moisture loss, ostrich, pipping time
Quantitative sperm characteristics of Tankwa goats with special reference to hyperactivated motility
Authors: Ngcauzele Ngcauzele , Van der Horst G. , Kotze A. , Jonker T. , Maree L. 
Published: January 2021

Computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA) is an automated and objective method of evaluating structural (e.g. morphology) and functional sperm parameters (e.g. motility and hyperactivation). Sperm hyperactivation is essential for successful fertilization and is thus an important aspect in determining the fertility potential of a male. In the current study, CASA was used for standard semen analysis and for comparison of the ability of phosphate buffered saline (PBS), BO sperm wash (10 mM caffeine), 4% lignocaine, and 5 mM procaine hydrochloride to induce hyperactivation in Tankwa goat spermatozoa. Twenty-nine ejaculates were collected from randomly selected male goats by electroejaculation. Although none of the four media affected percentage total sperm motility, lignocaine caused a significant decrease (P >0.05) in percentage progressive motility. Exposure to procaine resulted in an increase in swimming speed (P ≤0.05) and star-spin motility tracks, which are typical of sperm hyperactivation. Using PBS and procaine motility data from individually selected spermatozoa, receiver operator characteristic curves were constructed to distinguish the kinematic parameters employed as cut-off values for sperm hyperactivation. PBS and BO sperm wash did not induce hyperactivation (0.1 + 0.2% and 0.04  0.2% respectively), while lignocaine induced little hyperactivation (3.4 + 3.0%) and procaine hydrochloride had the highest percentage hyperactivation (25.3 + 13.6%). The large variation in hyperactivation (0–54.5%) may reflect inter-individual differences in sperm quality among these males. This study indicated procaine hydrochloride was the most promising hyperactivation-inducing medium for Tankwa goat spermatozoa and should be considered for similar assessments in other animal species
Keywords: computer-aided sperm analysis, procaine hydrochloride, sperm kinematics, sperm morphometry, sperm motility
Purification of spent methyldiethanolamine solutions with activated carbon au-ko
Authors: Isokov Yusuf Khoriddinovich  , Kurbonov Azizjon Rustamovich  , Pulatova Zulkhumor Jaloliddin kizi  , Yusupov Farkhod Makhkamovich  , Sultonov Sadulla Bahriddinovich  , Yodgorov Normahmat  
Published: January 2021

The article presents the results of a study to determine the physicochemical adsorption properties and some technological parameters for the production of activated carbons based on bones. In the course of the study, the physicochemical and adsorption characteristics of the new activated carbon obtained by us from walnut seeds were determined. For the purpose of import substitution, its characteristics were compared with the well-known industrial activated carbon of the AG-3 brand.
The pros and cons of teaching speaking skills in the classroom
Authors: Alikulova Sevara Abduvassi qizi  
Published: January 2021

Language is first and foremost a spoken and not a written entity. Speaking is a major skill in communication. This review article represents the position of the skill of speaking in communication classroom; what are the prominent benefits about the educating speaking skill; what are the principle drawbacks of teaching speaking skills. The classroom is the optimum platform to acquire good communication skills, especially, speaking skills. The teachers have to understand the problems of demand of today’s globalized world towards communication skills and try to implement various teaching strategies in their classrooms in order to develop their learners' speaking skills in classrooms. However, precise downsides of conducting speaking skills in classroom are also available. In this given article shows as well as discusses both options by representing relevant data.
The severity features of artharagra clinical course in metabolic syndrome
Authors: Kayumov U.K  , D.T. Khatamova  , M.L.  Saipova  , G.M. Khamidova  , M.M. Ziyamukhammedova  
Published: January 2021

A few studies have been devoted to the metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance study in artharagra, which showed the syndrome presence and its characteristic insulin resistance in the overwhelming patients’ number. Only a few studies have reported on the insulin resistance effect and hyperinsulinemia on the artharagra course, in particular on the articular syndrome and other clinical disease manifestations. Nevertheless, they showed a high incidence of metabolic syndrome and its characteristic insulin resistance in the vast majority patients with artharagra.
A direct relationship was revealed between the individual metabolic syndrome components, in particular, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, and the hyperuricemia severity, which is accompanied by a more severe artharagray arthritis course in patients with artharagra.
SISTEM INFORMASI PELAYANAN MASYARAKAT KELURAHAN BERBASIS WEB DI KELURAHAN KOTO KOCIAK KUBU TAPAK RAJO
Authors: Putra Restu Pratama , Kurniadi Denny 
Published: January 2021

Tujuan tugas akhir ini adalah untuk membangun sistem informasi pelayanan masyarakat kelurahan koto kociak kubu tapak rajo berbasis web. Kelurahan koto kociak kubu tapak rajo adalah salah satu kelurahan yang berada di kota Payakumbuh Provinsi Sumatera barat, yang salah satu dari tugasnya yaitu melaksanakan pelayanan masyarakat dilingkungan kelurahan. Teknik yang digunakan adalah Model View Controller(MVC) dan basis Framework CodeIgniter dengan sistem basis data MySQL. Hasil yang didapat berupa Sistem Informasi Pelayanan Masyarakat Kelurahan Koto Kociak Kubu Tapak Rajo berbasis web. Layanan utama applikasi meliputi pengelolaan data penduduk dan pelayanan-pelayanan pengurusan surat keterangan Pembuatan kartu tanda pengenal(KTP), surat keterangan domisili Penduduk, surat keterangan catatan kepolisian (SKCK), Surat keterangan kelahiran dan surat keterangan lainnya.
Algeria since 1989: Between terror and democracy
Authors: Le Sueur James D. 
Published: January 2021

Algeria’s democratic experiment is seminal in post-Cold War history. The first Muslim nation to attempt the transition from an authoritarian system to democratic pluralism, this North African country became a test case for reform in Africa, the Arab world and beyond. Yet when the country looked certain to become the world’s first elected Islamic republic, there was a military coup and the democratic process was brought sharply to a halt. Islamists declared jihad on the state and hundreds of thousands of civilians were killed in the ensuing decade of state repression.
Le Sueur shows that Algeria is at the very heart of contemporary debates about Islam and secular democracy, arguing that the stability of Algeria is crucial for the security of the wider Middle East. Algeria Since 1989 is a lively and essential examination of how the fate of one country is entwined with much greater global issues.
Practising Feminist Political Ecologies
Authors: Harcourt Wendy , Nelson Ingrid L. 
Published: January 2021

Wendy Harcourt is associate professor at the International Institute of Social Studies, Erasmus University. She was editor-in-chief of the journal Development from 1995 to 2012 and during that period published five books, including Women and Politics of Place with Arturo Escobar (Kumarian Press, 2005). Her monograph Body Politics in Development: Critical Debates in Gender and Development (Zed Books, 2009) received the 2010 Feminist and Women's Studies Association's Prize. She is currently completing three books on transnational feminism, embodiment and civic change, and gender and development, and is editor of the book series Gender, Development and Social Change.
Ingrid L. Nelson is assistant professor in the Department of Geography and the Environmental Studies Program at the University of Vermont. She completed her PhD in geography and a graduate certificate in women's and gender studies from the University of Oregon. Her research in Mozambique examines masculinities, class and gender dynamics in forest conservation; afforestation ‘land grabs’; and illegal timber trade contexts. She is currently preparing a monograph focused on the practices and rumours that make forest landscapes in Mozambique. Beyond academia, she contributed to the Women's Major Group submission for the ‘zero draft’ document, leading up to Rio+20.
INFLUENCE OF LOGGING IN ELM STANDS ON THE COEFFICIENT OF GROWTH INTENSITY
Authors: ПАНКРАТОВ В.К. , ПАНИН И.А. , ЗАРУБИНА Л.В. 
Published: January 2021

Исследовано состояние 21-летних искусственных насаждений вяза приземистого (Ulmus pumila L.), пройденных рубками ухода различной интенсивности в 14-летнем возрасте. Насаждения созданы в зе- леной зоне г. Нур-Султана Республики Казахстан. В качестве основных показателей состояния вязовых насаждений были использованы значения относительного жизненного состояния и комплексного оценоч- ного показателя (коэффициента напряженности роста). Исследования проводились на двух постоянных пробных площадях (ППП), включающих 12 секций. В ходе исследований установлено, что, несмотря на жесткие аридные условия, выражающиеся в недостатке осадков и высоких летних температурах, искус- ственные вязовые насаждения, произрастающие в зеленой зоне г. Нур-Султана, характеризуются хорошим состоянием. Рубки ухода не оказали существенного влияния на показатели оценки относительного жиз- ненного состояния и комплексного оценочного показателя, поскольку древостои всех секций характеризу- ются как здоровые. Отмечается лишь тенденция к повышению устойчивости насаждений на секциях, где проводились рубки ухода. Учитывая важное значение коэффициента напряженности роста для планиро- вания лесоводственных мероприятий, рекомендуем разработать шкалу значений данного показателя для искусственных вязовых насаждений разного возраста для района исследований.
The state of 21-year-old artiﬁ cial plantings of squat elm (Ulmus pumila L.), which were cut down by care of various intensities at the age of 14, was studied. Plantings were created in the green zone of Nur Sultan, Republic of Kazakhstan. As the main indicators of the state of elm stands, the values of the relative life state and the complex estimated indicator (growth intensity coefﬁ cient) were used. The research was carried out on two permanent test areas (SPS), including 12 sections. In the course of research, it was found that, despite the harsh arid conditions, which are expressed in a lack of precipitation and high summer temperatures, artiﬁ cial elm stands growing in the green zone of Nur Sultan are characterized by good condition. The care cuttings did not have a signiﬁ cant impact on the indicators of the relative life status assessment and the integrated assessment indicator, since the stands of all sections are characterized as healthy. There is only a tendency to increase the stability of plantings in the sections where logging was carried out. Given the importance of the growth intensity coefﬁ cient for planning forestry activities, it is recommended to develop a scale of values for this indicator for artiﬁ cial elm stands of different ages for the research area.
Rozvoj řečové dovednosti mluvení s využitím asynchronních ICT nástrojů: přehledová studie
Authors: Nerušilová Terezie 
Published: January 2021

This review aims to map the research connected with the use of ICT tools for the development of speaking skill in foreign language learning. It is based on nine international studies showing in which ways the asynchronous online environment can be used for the development of the speaking skill, emphasising the positive influence of ICT on students’ motivation, and some of them pointing out the importance of feedback.
La formación de los médicos especialistas en España
Authors: Aguayo-Albasini José Luis 
Published: January 2021

Se presenta un bosquejo histórico del proceso de formación de médicos especialistas en España: el llamado sistema MIR, un sistema supervisado y remunerado de adquisición de las competencias. No fue hasta finales de los años 70 del pasado siglo cuando se inició un desarrollo extraordinario del sistema de residencia en todo el país, que llega a ser exclusivo. Hasta entonces la consecución y el ejercicio de una especialidad médica carecían, por lo general, de garantías. Hoy hay una estructura hospitalaria acreditada y sólida para la formación de especialistas médicos (que se ha ampliado a otras profesiones sanitarias) y una normativa reguladora de los órganos docentes que garantiza estrictamente el proceso. El sistema mantiene aspectos mejorables.
A historical sketch of the training process for specialist doctors in Spain is presented: the socalled MIR system, a supervised and paid system for the acquisition of competencies. It was not until the end of the 70s of the last century when an extraordinary development of the residence system began throughout the country, which became exclusive. Until then, the achievement and practice of a medical specialty generally lacked guarantees. Today there is an accredited and solid hospital structure for the training of medical specialists (which has been extended to other health professions) and a regulation of the teaching bodies that strictly guarantees the process. The system maintains aspects that could be improved
Key words: Medical education, medical specialization, posgratuate training
Ground Water Contamination: Effects and Remedies
Authors: Hilili J. M. , Onuora D. I. , Hilili R. U. , Annah Arowosegbe Folusho , Onmonya Y. A. , Hilili M. H. 
Published: January 2021

Studies on “ground water contamination : effects and remedies” have been conducted, in the light of these, field work studies in Obudu and Obanliku local Government Areas of Cross River State, South Eastern Nigeria, was conducted. Fifteen (15) locations of water for drinking and other domestic uses were carefully studied in the area, with their surface to water depth values recorded. Five(5) of the locations were at surface saturated water depressions(SWD), seven(7) were Hand dug wells(well), while three(3) were bore holes(BH). The physiochemical composition data compared with world Health Organization (WHO) standard shows that, the bore water was safer for drinking than the hand dug wells and surface water in saturated water depressions. Coliform count unite per 100ml of water, were detected in most of the locations in the saturated water depressions and hand dug wells, showing evidence of biogenic interference with the water. Coliform count unite per 100ml of water was not detected in any of the three bore holes, probably due to their depth distance from Biogenic activities. Phosphate and Nitrate levels were significantly above WHO standard in saturated water depressions and Hand dug wells, probably due to erosional and leaching actions of inorganic fertilizers from farm lands and waste from near dump site. It is important to note that most water borne diseases are as a result of ground water communication with contaminant, such as heavy metals, leachate from dump sites, pollutants from inorganic fertilizers, pith toilets sea water intrusion etc., most boreholes are contaminated by these processes. This is one of the reasons for the increase in the rate of cancer in most developing countries. Hence, heavy metals are known to be carcinogenic to the human cells, and also can cause mutation. The remedies to these include:

The process of exploiting and storing ground water should be done with all safety precautions, such as making sure biochemical parameters in water are in line with WHO standard
Thorough biochemical analysis and test for the presence of heavy metal contamination and coliform count and other contaminants should be done on ground water, before use for domestic and industrial purposes.
Surface depth measurement of recharge zones in boreholes should be carried out to ensure that borehole water is from confined aquifers that are safe for domestic and industrial uses.
Proper waste disposing system such as engineered toilet pits, engineered dump sites and effective management of electronic waste should be monitored and implemented
Where the purity of the water is not satisfactory, such water should be properly treated before used for drinking and other domestic purposes.