bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OS MODOS DE VIDA E A QUARENTENA DA COVID-19
Authors: Alves Farinha Corina 
Published: May 2021

Trata-se de metodologia de ensino-aprendizagem e pesquisa adotada na graduação em Administração em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior Pública embasada na questão: em que medida, na perspectiva discente, os modos de viver no âmbito familiar, educacional, profissional, lazer e sanitários sofreram mudanças em virtude da situação pandêmica declarada pela Organização Mundial da Saúde – OMS? Objetiva compreender os impactos da pandemia nos modos de pensar, agir e pensar dos acadêmicos na perspectiva teórica de Émile Durkheim. Os dados indicam que a pandemia impactou as relações sociais nas atividades escolares, provocando mudanças no estilo de vida, levando os estudantes a apresentar sentimentos de tédio e ansiedade. Assim, considerou-se relevante conhecer as mudanças, os sentimentos e perspectivas dos estudantes no contexto pandêmico.
UJI AKTIVITAS INHIBITOR ENZIM TIROSINASE DAN UJI ANTIOKSIDAN EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH HARENDONG (Melastoma malabathricum L.) SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: RIPALDO FIRGANTA 
Published: May 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas inhibitor enzim tirosinase dan aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak etanol buah Harendong (Melastoma malabathricum L.) secara In vitro. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan proses maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%, kemudian di evaporasi pada suhu 40-500C dan menghasilkan 71,1 g ekstrak pekat dari 500 g sampel dengan total rendemen sebesar 14,22%. Selanjutnya, ekstrak diuji aktivitas inhibitor enzim tirosinase dan aktivitas antioksidannya. Pada percobaan aktivitas inhibitor enzim tirosinase digunakan asam kojat sebagai kontrol positif dan digunakan dua substrat yaitu L-DOPA dan L-Tyrosine. Nilai IC50 yang diperoleh dari ektrak etanol buah Harendong pada substrat L-DOPA yaitu 996,917 ppm dan pada substrat L-Tyrosin yaitu 192,157 ppm menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas inhibitor enzim tirosinase cukup kuat atau sedang pada substrat L-Tyrosine dan sangat lemah pada substrat L-DOPA. Pada percobaan aktivitas antioksidan metode yang digunakan adalah metode DPPH dan digunakan Vitamin C sebagai kontrol positif. Nilai IC50 yang diperoleh sebesar 10,20 ppm yang menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol buah Harendong berpotensi sangat kuat sebagai aktivitas antioksidan.Kata Kunci : (Melastoma malabathricum L.); Enzim Tirosinase; Antioksidan.
Short Term Planning and Scheduling For Gasoline Blending in Oil Refineries
Authors: Zhqiar Faisal G. , Hassan Alla-Eldine , Dawood Dr. Lamyaa M. 
Published: May 2021

Product blending is an important optimization task that is encountered in the operation and scheduling of important industrial plants like petroleum refineries. The key objective of blending is to mix various intermediate products to achieve desired properties and quantities of products with minimum cost. There are uncertain parameters which make it very difficult to attain the optimum allocation of available resources. Consequently, there is a need to develop computational optimization techniques to tackle the blending issues.
In this research the main objective is to propose an approach to solve product blending issue in an optimum
way. The blending problem can be formulated as an optimization where its objective is to maximize net profit while determining the optimal allocation of intermediate streams to produce optimum production mix of final products.
The proposed approach is introduced for integrating short term planning and scheduling for product blending. Two mathematical models have been proposed. The first model deals with planning issue for product blending and the results are regarded as production guidelines. In the second scheduling model, scheduling will treat the production guidelines to verify optimum allocation for available resources. The approach was applied to different real time case studies form Midland Refineries Company, and the results show the efficiency and flexibility of this approach to solve the different case studies. Also minimize lead time from 72 to 24 hr in the second case according to reduction in re-blend process, in addition to minimize production cost depending on optimum allocation for available resources. The last case study which is a complicated one, were WIN QSB version 1.00 software is utilized. The results gained after 0.031 second CPU time for planning level and 3.375 second CPU time for scheduling level. This is considered as an advantage to the model.
Predição da efetividade da substituição no futebol: caso campeonato Brasileiro da Série A
Authors: Brutti Nicholas Sangoi , Duarte Denio , Dal Bianco Guilherme 
Published: May 2021

Substituições são recursos importantes para os técnicos de futebol para melhorar o desempenho de suas equipes durante as partidas. Também podem ser cruciais para o resultado final. A relevância e limitação das substituições em jogos oficiais levaram a vários estudos para identificar a melhor maneira de substituir um jogador, ou seja, o melhor momento durante o jogo e a melhor estratégia. Aprendizado de máquina vem sendo aplicado para construir modelos para melhorar a efetividade das substituições. Neste contexto, este trabalho visa propor a criação de modelos que auxiliem os técnicos das equipes visitantes em escolher o melhor momento e estratégia para realizar a substituição. Foi utilizado um conjunto de dados extraído de quatro edições do Campeonato Brasileiro da Série A (2015-2018), e, a partir deste conjunto, foram extraídos e propostos atributos para a construção do modelo (e.g., a força do time). Quatro classificadores foram avaliados: Support Vector Machine, Árvores de Decisão, Random Forest e K-Nearest Neighbor. Os resultados mostram que os modelos podem atingir até 90% de F1 -Score, ou seja, podem ser promissores para a análise dos melhores momento e estratégia para substituir um jogador.
La liberté d’expression des enseignants en classe : quatre principes directeurs et leurs fondements juridiques
Authors: Maxwell Bruce , McDonough Kevin , Waddington David I. 
Published: May 2021

Quelles sont les limites raisonnables encadrant l’enseignement de sujets controversés ? L’article suivant vise la réponse à cette question et propose, pour ce faire, de dégager certains principes juridiquement fondés qui guideront la pratique professionnelle du corps enseignant. L’analyse de la jurisprudence pertinente du Canada et des États-Unis, ainsi que de documents légaux secondaires nous a permis de relever les éléments récurrents sur lesquels se fondent les juges pour évaluer si la liberté d’expression pédagogique a été exercée de façon raisonnable et responsable. Notre analyse dégage quatre principes délimitant l’exercice de la liberté d’expression en enseignement : l’alignement avec le programme, l’impartialité, le non-usage de propos possiblement incendiaires et la pertinence du contenu en fonction de l’âge.
Identification of P2RY13 as an immune-related prognostic biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma: A public database-based retrospective study
Authors: Lin Jiang , Wu Chunlei , Ma Dehua , Hu Quanteng 
Published: May 2021

Background
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the leading histological subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods
In the present study, the gene matrixes of LUAD were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas to infer immune and stromal scores with the ‘Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using Expression data’ (ESTIMATE) algorithm and identified immune-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the high- and low-stromal/immune score groups. Next, all DEGs were subjected to univariate Cox regression and survival analyses to screen out prognostic biomarkers in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and were validated in the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was performed to assess the level of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) and immune functions, and GSEA was used to identified pathways altered by prognostic biomarkers.

Results
Survival analysis showed that LUAD in the high-immune and stromal score group had a better clinical prognosis. A total of 303 immune-related DEGs were detected. Univariate Cox regression and survival analyses revealed that P2Y purinoceptor 13 (P2RY13) was a favorable factor for the prognosis of LUAD. ssGSEA and Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated that P2RY13 was highly correlated with various TIICs and immune functions. Several immune-associated pathways were enriched between the high- and low-expression P2RY13 groups.

Conclusion
P2RY13 may be a potential prognostic indicator and is highly associated with the TME in LUAD. However, further experimental studies are required to validate the present findings.
Monitoring levels of circulating cell‐free DNA in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer as a potential biomarker of responses to regorafenib treatment
Authors: Pastor Brice , André Thierry , Henriques Julie , Trouilloud Isabelle , Tournigand Christophe , Jary Marine , Mazard Thibault , Louvet Christophe , Azan Simon , Bauer Audrey , Roch Benoit , Sanchez Cynthia , Vernerey Dewi , Thierry Alain R. , Adenis Antoine 
Published: May 2021

Circulating cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) contains circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), which can be obtained from serial liquid biopsies to enable tumor genome analysis throughout the course of treatment. We investigated cfDNA and mutant ctDNA as potential biomarkers to predict the best outcomes of regorafenib‐treated metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. We analyzed longitudinally collected plasma cfDNA of 43 mCRC patients prospectively enrolled in the phase II TEXCAN trial by IntPlex qPCR. Qualitative (KRAS, NRAS, BRAFV600E mutations) and quantitative (total cfDNA concentration, mutant ctDNA concentration, mutant ctDNA fraction) parameters were correlated with overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS). When examined as classes or continuous variables, the concentrations of total cfDNA, mutant ctDNA, and, partly, mutant ctDNA fraction prior to regorafenib treatment correlated with OS. Patients with baseline cfDNA > 26 ng·mL−1 had shorter OS than those with cfDNA value below this threshold (4.0 vs 6.9 months; log‐rank P = 0.0366). Patients with baseline mutant ctDNA > 2 ng·mL−1 had shorter OS than those with mutant ctDNA below this threshold (log‐rank P = 0.0154). We show that pretreatment cfDNA and mutant ctDNA levels may identify mCRC patients that may benefit from regorafenib treatment.
A Plasmodium falciparum protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor identified from the ChEMBL‐NTD database blocks parasite growth
Authors: Pandey Rajan , Gupta Priya , Mohmmed Asif , Malhotra Pawan , Gupta Dinesh 
Published: May 2021

Post‐translational modifications, especially reversible phosphorylation, are among the most common mechanisms that regulate protein function and biological processes in Plasmodium species. Of the Plasmodium phosphatases, phosphatase of regenerating liver (PfPRL) is secreted and is an essential phosphatase. Here, we expressed PfPRL in a heterologous expression system, and then purified and characterized its phosphatase activity. We found that Novartis_003209, a previously identified inhibitor, inhibited the PfPRL phosphatase activity of recombinant PfPRL and blocked in vitro parasite growth in a dose‐dependent manner. Further, in silico docking analysis of Novartis_003209 with all four P. falciparum tyrosine phosphatases (PTP) demonstrated that Novartis_003209 is a Plasmodium PTP inhibitor. Overall, our results identify a scaffold as a potential starting point to design a PTP‐specific inhibitor.
SNRPC promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell motility by inducing epithelial‐mesenchymal transition
Authors: Zhang Yuanping , Qiu Jiliang , Zuo Dinglan , Yuan Yichuan , Qiu Yuxiong , Qiao Liang , He Wei , Li Binkui , Yuan Yunfei 
Published: May 2021

The therapeutic outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unsatisfactory because of poor response and acquired drug resistance. To better elucidate the molecular mechanisms of HCC, here we used three Gene Expression Omnibus datasets to identify potential oncogenes, and thereby identified small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide C (SNRPC). We report that SNRPC is highly up‐regulated in HCC tissues as determined using immunohistochemistry assays of samples from a cohort of 224 patients with HCC, and overexpression of SNRPC was correlated with multiple tumors, advanced stage, and poor outcome. Kaplan–Meier analysis confirmed that patients with high SNRPC expression exhibited shorter survival in four independent HCC cohorts (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, SNRPC mutations are significantly more frequent in HCC tissues than in normal liver tissues and are an early event in the development of HCC. Functional network analysis suggested that SNRPC is linked to the regulation of ribosome, spliceosome, and proteasome signaling. Subsequently, gain‐ and loss‐of‐function assays showed that SNRPC promotes the motility and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of HCC cells in vitro. SNRPC expression was negatively correlated with the infiltration of CD4+ T cells, macrophage cells, and neutrophil cells (all P < 0.05), as determined by analyzing the TIMER (Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource) database. In conclusion, our findings suggest that SNRPC has a potential role in epithelial–mesenchymal transition and motility in HCC.
The meaning of practicing calligraphy in the written works of architect Seiichi Shirai: Focusing on the relation to the Theory of Tradition
Authors: Hato Kosuke 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSeiichi Shirai was an architect, but in his later years he spent a lot of time practicing calligraphy. When the characteristics of this activity are compared to his Theory of Tradition, it can be said that his intentions for both activities were similar. In addition to the commonality of emphasizing “utility,” provided by the Theory of Tradition, the concept of grasping the inner potential of an object without being misled by its external form and source, can be realized by “ascetic practices,” which can cause something to exceed consciousness and form by practicing calligraphy.
Plasma calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) in migraine and endometriosis during the menstrual cycle
Authors: Raffaelli Bianca , Overeem Lucas Hendrik , Mecklenburg Jasper , Hofacker Maxi Dana , Knoth Henriette , Nowak Claus Peter , Neeb Lars , Ebert Andreas Dietmar , Sehouli Jalid , Mechsner Sylvia , Reuter Uwe 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveMigraine, endometriosis, and the comorbidity of both are frequent pain disorders of special relevance for women. The neuropeptide calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) is critically involved in migraine, and circumstantial evidence suggests a role in endometriosis. We assessed CGRP levels at different times of menstrual cycle in four groups: healthy women, women with migraine or endometriosis and with the comorbidity of both.MethodsWomen with episodic migraine and women with a histologically confirmed endometriosis were recruited from specialized centers. For CGRP determination with a commercial enzyme immunoassay kit, cubital vein blood samples were collected on menstrual cycle day 2 ± 2 (during menstruation) and on day 15 ± 2 (periovulatory period). The primary endpoint of the study was the absolute difference of CGRP plasma levels between the menstrual and the periovulatory phase of all study groups. Groups were compared using nonparametric test procedures.ResultsA total of 124 women were included in the study. The change of CGRP plasma levels between menstruation and the periovulatory period was different between groups (p = 0.007). Women with comorbid migraine and endometriosis showed an increase of CGRP in the menstrual phase of +6.32 (interquartile range, IQR −3.64–13.60) compared to the periovulatory time, while healthy controls had a decrease of −10.14 (−22.54–0.91, p = 0.004). CGRP levels were different in the periovulatory phase among groups (p = 0.008), with highest values in healthy controls.InterpretationCGRP levels change significantly during the menstrual cycle. Different patterns in women with the comorbidity point to a deviant regulation of CGRP release.
Social Distancing, Health Care Disruptions, Telemedicine Use, and Treatment Interruption During the COVID‐19 Pandemic in Patients With or Without Autoimmune Rheumatic Disease
Authors: George Michael D. , Baker Joshua F. , Banerjee Shubhasree , Busch Howard , Curtis David , Danila Maria I. , Gavigan Kelly , Kirby Daniel , Merkel Peter A. , Munoz George , Nowell William Benjamin , Stewart Patrick , Sunshine William , Venkatachalam Shilpa , Xie Fenglong , Curtis Jeffrey R. 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundWe aimed to compare concerns, social distancing, health care disruptions, and telemedicine use in patients with autoimmune rheumatic disease (ARD) and non‐ARD and to evaluate factors associated with immunomodulatory medication interruptions.MethodsPatients in a multistate community rheumatology practice network completed surveys from April 2020 to May 2020. Adults with common ARD (rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus) or non‐ARD (gout, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis) were evaluated. Concerns about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), social distancing, health care disruptions, and telemedicine use were compared in patients with ARD versus non‐ARD, adjusting for demographics, rural residence, and zipcode‐based measures of socioeconomic status and COVID‐19 activity. Factors associated with medication interruptions were assessed in patients with ARD.ResultsSurveys were completed by 2319/36 193 (6.4%) patients with non‐ARD and 6885/64 303 (10.7%) with ARD. Concerns about COVID‐19 and social distancing behaviors were similar in both groups, although patients receiving a biologic or Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor reported greater concerns and were more likely to avoid friends/family, stores, or leaving the house. Patients with ARD were less likely to avoid office visits (45.2% vs. 51.0%, odds ratio [OR] 0.79 [0.70‐0.89]) with similar telemedicine use. Immunomodulatory medications were stopped in 9.7% of patients with ARD, usually (86.9%) without a physician recommendation. Compared with patients with an office visit, the likelihood of stopping medication was higher for patients with a telemedicine visit (OR 1.54 [1.19‐1.99]) but highest for patients with no visits (OR 2.26 [1.79‐2.86]).ConclusionPatients with ARD and non‐ARD reported similar concerns about COVID‐19 and similar social distancing behaviors. Missed office visits were strongly associated with interruptions in immunomodulatory medication.
The Association of Diuretics and Proton Pump Inhibitors With Chondrocalcinosis
Authors: Felson David T. , Rabasa Gabriela , Chen Xiaoyang , LaValley Michael , Jafarzadeh S. Reza , Lewis Cora E. , Torner James , Nevitt Michael C. , Misra Devyani 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveHypomagnesemia increases the risk of chondrocalcinosis and calcium pyrophosphate disease. We examined whether the use of drugs that can cause hypomagnesemia, diuretics and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), increases the risk of chondrocalcinosis.MethodsParticipants in the Multicenter Osteoarthritis (MOST) Study obtained weight‐bearing knee radiographs, and their medication use was recorded at baseline and 30‐, 60‐, 84‐, and 144‐month examinations. We read radiographs serially for chondrocalcinosis and characterized incident chondrocalcinosis when it first appeared. We classified diuretic use as thiazide, loop, and other. To test drug effects on incident chondrocalcinosis at each interval (eg, 30‐60 months), we excluded persons with chondrocalcinosis at the interval’s beginning. For each drug, we evaluated exposure at the beginning and end of the interval. We conducted knee‐based analyses using Bayesian mixed‐effects discrete time survival models adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, radiographic osteoarthritis, race, and clinic site.ResultsOf 5272 knees, 196 developed chondrocalcinosis. Thiazide use (21.7% of examinations) and PPI use (13.7%) were common. Neither loop nor other diuretic use was associated with incident chondrocalcinosis. Thiazide use at the beginning and end of the interval of incidence conferred a high risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.18; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23‐3.89), but use at the beginning of the interval was not associated with risk (HR = 1.04). PPI use at the interval’s beginning increased risk of chondrocalcinosis (HR = 2.29; 95% CI 1.37‐3.79).ConclusionThiazide diuretics, but not other diuretics, and PPI use probably increase the risk of chondrocalcinosis. These findings may have important clinical implications.
The Emergence and Evolution of Borophene
Authors: Ou Meitong , Wang Xuan , Yu Liu , Liu Chuang , Tao Wei , Ji Xiaoyuan , Mei Lin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNeighboring carbon and sandwiched between non‐metals and metals in the periodic table of the elements, boron is one of the most chemically and physically versatile elements, and can be manipulated to form dimensionally low planar structures (borophene) with intriguing properties. Herein, the theoretical research and experimental developments in the synthesis of borophene, as well as its excellent properties and application in many fields, are reviewed. The decade‐long effort toward understanding the size‐dependent structures of boron clusters and the theory‐directed synthesis of borophene, including bottom‐up approaches based on different foundations, as well as up‐down approaches with different exfoliation modes, and the key factors influencing the synthetic effects, are comprehensively summarized. Owing to its excellent chemical, electronic, mechanical, and thermal properties, borophene has shown great promise in supercapacitor, battery, hydrogen‐storage, and biomedical applications. Furthermore, borophene nanoplatforms used in various biomedical applications, such as bioimaging, drug delivery, and photonic therapy, are highlighted. Finally, research progress, challenges, and perspectives for the future development of borophene in large‐scale production and other prospective applications are discussed.
circFAT1 Promotes Cancer Stemness and Immune Evasion by Promoting STAT3 Activation
Authors: Jia Lingfei , Wang Yilun , Wang Cun‐Yu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCancer stemness and immune evasion are closely associated, and play critical roles in tumor development and resistance to immunotherapy. However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms that coordinate this association. Here, it is reported that elevated circular RNA FAT1 (circFAT1) in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) unifies and regulates the positive association between cancer stemness and immune evasion by promoting STAT3 activation. circFAT1 knockdown (KD) reduces tumorsphere formation of SCC cells in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Bioinformatic analysis reveals that circFAT1 KD impairs the cancer stemness signature and activates tumor cell‐intrinsic immunity. Mechanistically, circFAT1 binding to STAT3 in the cytoplasm prevents STAT3 dephosphorylation by SHP1 and promotes STAT3 activation, resulting in inhibition of STAT1‐mediated transcription. Moreover, circFAT1 KD significantly enhances PD1 blockade immunotherapy by promoting CD8+ cell infiltration into tumor microenvironment. Taken together, the results demonstrate that circFAT1 is an important regulator of cancer stemness and antitumor immunity.