bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin as a Novel Predictor in Treatment of Active Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Mady Gamal E , Shawky Sahar M , Bichari Walid A , Hassan Mohamed S , Tawfik Ahmed M , Abd El-Mohsen Mohamed A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Lupus nephritis (LN) affects almost two-thirds of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Despite initial aggressive therapy, up to 25% of patients with LN will progress to end stage renal disease (ESRD). Conventional serum markers for LN lack the sensitivity of an ideal biomarker. Urinary Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (UNGAL) is an excellent biomarker for early diagnosis of acute kidney injury and predicting renal outcomes.

Objectives
To measure UNGAL among LN patients correlating its levels with renal disease activity to investigate its predictive performance in response to induction therapy.

Patients and Methods
40 SLE patients with biopsy-proven LN, class III, IV, or V were randomly selected. The study was conducted in internal medicine department and Outpatient clinic in Ain Shams University Hospitals on and completed after six months. UNGAL was measured at baseline and after complete induction therapy.

Results
In LN patients at baseline; mean UNGAL levels of complete response, partial response, and no response groups were 14.48 ±2.99 ng/ml, 34.49 ±4.09, and 62.07 ±14.44 ng/ml respectively. Based on ROC curve, we found better performance of baseline UNGAL to discriminate complete response group from partial and non-response groups to predict response to induction, outperforming conventional biomarkers. The area under the curve was 0.943 (92.31% sensitivity, 88.89% specificity), and the best cut-off level was 26.5 ng/ml.

Conclusion
UNGAL performed better than conventional biomarkers in predicting response to treatment of active LN.
Role of hepcidin as a biomarker for iron status and its effect on anemia management in patients with chronic kidney disease (stage II-Iv) after HCV treatment
Authors: El Sharkawy Magdy M , Khedr Lina E , Abdelmbdy Ashraf H , Mohamed Mohamed T 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Anemia is a severe complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that is seen in more than 80% of patients with impaired renal function. Although there are many mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of anemia of renal disease, the primary cause is the inadequate production of erythropoietin by the damaged kidneys.

Aim of the work
to assess hepcidin level in non dialysis patients (CKD stage 4 &5) treated from Hepatitis C virus and its relation to iron parameters.

Patients and Methods
This study was conducted on 20 CKD patients (stage 4 and 5) treated from hepatitis C virus. All candidates included in this study subjected to careful history taking, full clinical examination and investigations (including complete blood count, renal chemistry, HCVAb, serum iron, total iron binding capacity, TSAT%, ferritin and hsCRP. Serum hepcidin was analyzed by ELISA technique.

Results
Serum hepcidin was 26.35±7.26; 40% in stage III, 37.8% in stage IV and 22.2% in stage V. There was statistically significant difference between GFR stages according to Hb., Drug intake ACE inhibitor/ARB, Plt., Creatinine, BUN, Iron, TIBC, Ferritin, T SAT%, CRP and Serum Hepcidin. We showed significant correlations between serum hepcidin and TIC, Iron, TIBC, Ferritin and TSAT%.

Conclusion
Median hepcidin value is elevated in nondialysis CKD patients due to increased inflammation and decreased clearance of hepcidin. Furthermore, iron status modifies serum hepcidin level and its association with Hb. Increased hepcidin level leads to iron-restricted erythropoiesis and recombinant human EPO (rhEPO) resistance by inhibiting iron absorption from gut and iron recycling from macrophages. Hence, elevated hepcidin can predict need for parenteral iron to overcome hepcidin-mediated iron-restricted erythropoiesis and need for relatively higher rhEPO doses to suppress hepcidin.
Evaluation of urinary TNF-α and KIM-1 biomarkers in T2DM in Upper Egypt
Authors: Sharkawy Magdy EL , Abdul-Hamid Samir K , Elmelegy Tarek T , Adawy Mohammed F 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most frequent cause of chronic kidney failure in both developed and developing countries. Diabetic nephropathy, is a clinical syndrome characterized by albuminuria (&gt;300 mg/day) with permanent and irreversible decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Aim of the Work
To study the role of urinary TNF-α and urine KIM-1 in type 2 diabetic patients as predictors of DN comparative with albuminuria.

Patients and Methods
This is a cross-sectional study which include 90 type-2 diabetic patients and 30 controls selected from the outpatient clinic of Assiut University hospitals. All patients gave an informed consent and approval for the study was obtained from the IRB committee of the Assiut Medical Faculty. The recruited patients were divided into three groups: Normo-albuminuria Group (A) (n = 30): UACR less than 30 mg/gm, Microalbuminuria Group (B) (n = 30): UACR between 30-299 mg/gm and Macro-albuminuria Group (C) (n = 30): UACR equal or more than 300 mg/gm. Assess Urinary TNF-α and urine KIM-1 in comparision with albuminuria.

Results
Urinary KIM-1 and urinary TNF-α are statically significant with albuminuria in patients in the early stage of diabetic nephropathy (eGFR _60 mL/min/1.73 m2).Also there are statically significance between patients with macroalbuminuria than microalbuminuria.

Conclusion
The results of this study recommend the use of KIM-1 and TNF-α as good predictors of early detection of development of diabetic nephropathy.
Comparative study between Ledipasvir based regimen and Daclatasvir based regimen as regard incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after successful Therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Osman Mahmoud Abd -Elmageed , Allam Ehab Hassan Nashat , Anwar Christina Alfonse , Allam Mohammed Soliman Mahmoud 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
HCC is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and is a major cause of death, because of its high frequency and poor prognosis. It is especially common in Egypt, where it develops on top of cirrhosis secondary to viral hepatitis C and B. Since HCV infection is highly prevalent in Egypt, it accounts to most of the cases of HCC in Egypt. HCV infection is found in a variable proportion in HCC cases in different populations, accounting for 75-90% of cases in Japan, 31-47% in the U.S, 44-76% in Italy, and 60%-75% of HCC cases in Spain.

Objective
To compare between Ledipasvir based regimen and Daclatasvir based regimen as regard incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after successful Therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection.

Patients and Methods
Our study was a comparative study including 60 patients divided into 2 groups as follow patients successfully treated with Ledipasvir based regimen (Group A) and patients successfully treated with Daclatasvir based regimen (Group B) from January 2016 to June 2017.

Results
There were no statistically significant difference between the two groups as regard demographic and laboratory data. In comparison between Ledipasvir based regimen and Daclatasvir based regimen as regard incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after successful Therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection in the first group there were 3/30 cases of percentage of 10% has developed HCC and in the second group there were 2/30 cases of percentage 6.6% has developed HCC after successful therapy for each group, there were no statistically significant difference between the two groups as regard the incidence of HCC after successful treatment, but generally DAA as Ledipasvir based regimen and daclatasvir based regimen both have low incidence of HCC after successful therapy of HCV infection.

Conclusion
There were several researches to study relation between DAA as treatment for HCV infection and HCC incidence after successful therapy. Our study was done to compare between Ledipasvir based regimen and Daclatasvir based regimen as regard incidence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after successful Therapy for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
Myo-Inositol Oxygenase as a Predictor of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically ill Patients
Authors: Aref Hayem M , Ezzat Haitham , Hussein Hussein S , Asaad Mona E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) affects 45% of critically ill patients, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. The diagnostic standard, plasma creatinine, is nonspecific and may not increase until days after injury.

Aim of the work
to assess myo inositol oxygenase as noval marker in early detection of acute kidney injury critically ill patients.

Patients and Methods
In this prospective study, 40 critically ill patients were followed up in ICU up regarding development of Aki in ICU according to KDIGO definition. They were categorized into two subgroups; 20 patients developed AKI in and 20 patients who did not develop AKI. In addition, a control group of 20 individuals in Ain Shams Hospital during the period from 2018 to 2019, we did myoinositol oxygenase level test at time of admission and repeated in patients group which develop AKI within 24-48 hours.

Results
MIOX for the diagnosis of AKI When the cut-off value was taken as above 800, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of MIOX for AKI were 100%). For creatinine, at the cut-off value of above 0.9, the sensitivity for AKI were found 90% and specificity for AKI were found 65%.

Conclusion
The measurement of serum MIOX is valuable for the diagnosis of AKI. Further research is needed for the evaluation of the potential use of MIOX as a kidney-specific enzyme in the early diagnosis of AKI.
Potential Anti-carcinogenic Effect of Acetazolamide, a Carbonic Anhydrase Enzyme Inhibitor, in Diethylnitrosamine - Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Rats
Authors: Sayed Moataz Mohamed , Soliman Mohamed Lotfy , Tamim Yomna Mohamed , Osman Ahmed H , Hussain Muhammad Saleh Abdul-Rasheed 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Despite the progress achieved in early detection and treatment of HCC, it still accounts for a significant number of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Tumoral microenvironment acidity plays a pivotal role in tumoral cell survival, tumoral progression and metastasis. CA-IX and XII are two of several mechanisms by which tumor maintain optimal intracellular pH at the expense of the extracellular environment that turns into acidic pH. ACT is a CA inhibitor that is used in many medical indications. It is effective, safe and inexpensive. It has some side effects and it may be even contraindicated in some cases.

Aim of the work
To evaluate the possible anticarcinogenic role of ACT in DEN-induced HCC animal model.

Materials and Methods
This study showed that using DEN for 10 weeks caused significant increase in the levels of AST, ALT, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and AFP and significant decrease in albumin level in DEN-induced HCC rat groups when compared to normal control rats. Administration of ACT for 3 weeks in ACT-treated DEN-induced HCC group caused marked improvement in the mentioned biochemical measurements (AST, ALT, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin and AFP) when compared to DEN-induced HCC rat group without ACT treatment, yet still higher than the lab values of normal control group.

Results
The present study demonstrated that using DEN in rat groups had induced polyhedral to round hepatocytes with dense, centrally located vesicular nuclei. The neoplastic areas showed poorly differentiated large cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and prominent nucleoli. The neoplastic cells showed anisokaryosis, anisocytosis, and deeply basophilic scanty cytoplasm and frequent mitotic figures mostly Grade III. The hepatic lobule displayed disorganization of hepatic cords with hyperplasia of Kupffer cells, multinucleated tumor giant cells with prominent basophilic nuclei and basophilic spindle cells.

Conclusion
Acetazolamide showed significant antitumor effect in DEN-induced HCC in rats, making it a promising agent to use against HCC either individually or in combination with any other therapeutic modalities. Further researches should be conducted in this anti HCC aspect.
Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders in Subjects with Self-injurious Behavior
Authors: Abd Al Aziz Mohamed Fikry , Abd Al Rahman Sultan Marwa , Elhabiby Mahmoud Mamdouh , Khalifa Ahmed Rashad Mahfouz 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Self-injurious behavior (SIB) is one of the common psychiatric emergencies in medical practice. It has become a global health problem with rates increasing over time. What makes young people cut, scratch, carve or burn their skin, hit or punch themselves, or even bang their heads against a wall? For years, psychologists theorized that such self-injurious behaviors helped to regulate these sufferers' negative emotions.

Objectives
The aim of this study is: to determine association between psychiatric disorders and selfinjurious behaviour, to highlight types of self-injurious behavior, to explore motives of self-injurious behavior.

Patients and Methods
Our study is a case control study which was conducted on 100 self- injurious patients who presented to ER and not known to have a psychiatric illness, 50 subjects with no history of psychiatric disorders or self-injury behaviour, case group was referred to institute of psychiatry, Ain Shams University Hospitals.

Results
The two groups were matched with a mean age of 22.21 ± 2.02 in group (A) Subjects with self- injurious behavior, 21.82±1.84 in group (B) Controls. Socio-demographics in our study indicates that the samples were matched and fit for the comparative study (i.e. a homogenous sample). Axis 1 psychiatric disorders Adjustment disorder 13 (13%), Mixed anxiety-depressive disorder 17 (17%), Schizophrenia 6 (6%), None 64 (64%), Axis 2 personality disorders BPD 59 (59%), Mixed personality traits 41 (41%).

Conclusion
Our study's main interest is to determine association between psychiatric disorders and selfinjurious behaviour, highlight types and explore motives of self-injurious behaviour among a sample of patients with self-injurious behaviour Group (A) and controls Group (B). Psychiatric diagnosis is prominent in self-injurious patients than controls.
Relationship of Internet and Gaming Addiction with Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among Male University Students
Authors: Nagy Professor / Nahla EL Sayed , El Habiby Assistant Professor. Mahmoud Mamdouh 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
In the modern trends life is impractical without computer and internet, scientific literature supported that internet addiction might have a close association with ADHD symptoms. Therefore, there was a dire need to extend this theory within the context of developing nations such as Egypt.

Objectives
The current study aims to investigate internet and gaming addiction in undergraduate university students of Ain shams University and its significant association with ADHD symptoms.

Methodology
This is a cross sectional comparative study. All data will be collected from Ain Shams University students from 4 different faculties (2 theoretical & 2 practical faculties). A sample comprised of 400 undergraduate students distributed across 4 different faculties meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results
Overall 33% and 5 % of students fall in the moderate & severe Internet addiction level respectively, among which 37% & 7% have comorbid ADHD symptoms in theoretical faculties and 10% & 10 % in practical faculties. Also, 16.5% & 12% were risky and disordered gamers among which 37.1% & 29% and 25%, 60 % have comorbid ADHD symptoms in theoretical and practical faculties respectively. Implications, significance of the study, and limitation are enclosed

Conclusion
The results of the present study concluded that there is a significant relationship between internet and gaming addiction with ADHD symptoms among undergraduate university students in the selected sample.

Recommendations
Further in-depth research is needed to help in understanding the relationship between internet and gaming addiction at a larger scale.
DWI Lesion Characteristics As A Predictor For Outcome In Acute Stroke Patients Treated By IV-tPA
Authors: Aref H , Farag S , Helmy S , Mahmoud H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator (IV-tPA) is a well-proved, widely used treatment in acute ischemic stroke patients, many predictors of functional outcome have been proposed as Age, vascular risk factors, initial clinical evaluation on admission using National institute of health stroke scale(NIHSS), functional state of patient(b.L) baseline before stroke and 3 months (3m) after stroke using modified Rankin stroke scale (MRS)and the most controversial Diffusion weighted image characteristics (volume, heterogeneity)

Objective
To evaluate DWI MRI characteristics (volume, heterogeneity) as a predictor for outcome in Acute stroke patients treated by IV-tPA

Patients and Methods
This study will be done on a sample of 100 acute ischemic stroke Egyptian patients receiving intra-venous tissue -type plasminogen activator presenting to Ain-Shams university hospitals

Results
Highly statistically significant (p-value &lt; 0.001) Positive correlation (r = 0.394) between volume (DWI) and MRS (3m) post discharge in studied patients, No statistically significant (pvalue &gt; 0.05) relation between heterogeneity and other studied parameters (MRS, NIHSS D & ADC values) in studied patients

Conclusion
DWI infarct volume is a predictor for outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients treated by tPA
Correlation between vitamin D and lipid profile in multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: AbdelAziz Azza AbdelNaser , Saleh Prof Dr. Rasha Mamdouh , Swelam Mahmoud Saad , Ayad Janet Masoud 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Studies have suggested that vitamin D and lipid profile have been linked to the etiology of multiple sclerosis and have an impact on the activity and progression of the disease.

Objectives
The aim of the present study was to determine correlation between vitamin D level and lipid profile in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and their effect on disease activity and progression for better management and control of risk factors.

Patients and Methods
It is a cross-sectional hospital based study carried on clinically definite 111 Relapsing Remitting MS (RRMS) patients according to McDonald criteria 2010 recruited from Multiple sclerosis unit at Ain Shams University Hospitals, both genders included and aged from 18 to 50 years old. All subjects were assessed regarding their basic demographic data, serum vitamin D level and lipid profile and correlated these data with their state of disease activity and degree of disability.

Results
The mean level of serum vitamin D was 18.93 ± 9.85 ng/mL. Serum vitamin D level was insufficient (&lt; 30 ng/mL) in 81.08% of patients and sufficient (≥ 30 ng/mL) in 18.92% of patients. The mean level of total cholesterol (TC) was 204.9 ± 50.9 mg/dL, of tri-glycerides (TG) was 105.4 ± 44.6 mg/dL, of low density lipoprotein (LDL) was 122.2 ± 38.8 mg/dL and of high density lipoprotein (HDL) level was 56.2 ± 16.6 mg/dL. High relapse frequency was found to be significantly related to low serum vitamin D level with P-value 0.005. Near all lipid related variables were positively correlated to disease duration. TC and TG were positively related to EDSS while HDL was negatively related with it. Number of brain T2 lesions was significantly correlated with TC and TG levels with P-value 0.001 and 0.002 respectively. Fingolimod was found to be associated with dyslipidemia. We found that each 1 ng/mL increase in vitamin D was associated with decrease in TC of 1.48 mg/dL (95% CI: -2.42 to -0.54, P-value 0.002) and increase in HDL of 0.35 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.04 to -0.66, P-value 0.028).

Conclusion
Vitamin D deficiency is predominant among Egyptian MS patients. Patients with insufficient vitamin D were found to have higher annualized relapse rate (ARR). Patients with dyslipidemia found to have longer duration, more disability and higher brain T2 lesion load. Vitamin D was correlated positively with HDL and negatively with TC.
Suicidal Ideations and Behaviors in victims of cyberbullying
Authors: Abdelsamea A. M , Elserafy D. M , Naguib R , Omran K. H 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background
Involvement in bullying as well as cyberbullying has been identified as a risk factor for depression and anxiety symptom as well as suicide ideation/behavior. Results from community samples suggest that youth who are bullied, are at an elevated risk for suicidal thoughts, attempts, and completed suicides. Statistically both victims of cyberbullying as well as offenders proved to be much more likely to have attempted “bullycide,” the act of committing suicide due to the effects of bullying, than youth who had not been affected.

The Aim of this study
To determine the correlation between being a cyberbullying victim and suicidal ideation and/or behavior in adults and young adult population.

Patients and Methods
This is a cross-sectional, analytical study that includes 408 subjects of both genders of online social-media above the age of 18. All subjects have been screened using GHQ28 for the exclusion of mental illness at the time of study. Then subjects completed Cyberbullying Self Rated Questionnaire (CBQ) and Suicide Probability Scale (SPS) both in Arabic.

Results
suicidal probability was found to be increased proportionately in a statistically significant way with the degree of exposure to cyberbullying.

Conclusion
There is a significant increase in suicidal ideations/behaviors among cyberbullying victims whom have been exposed to higher levels of cyberbullying, even in the absence of major psychiatric disorders.
QT INTERVAL IN TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY VERSUS NON TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY
Authors: Gaber Ahmed A , Abdelhamed Yousry A , Wahid Eldin Mona M , Bastawy Islam M , Nasef Maram S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction Background
SUDEP is leading cause of mortality in patients with chronic refractory epilepsy. Despite several epidemiological studies, case series , monitored and witnessed SUDEP the exact mechanism is not proposed

Objective
This work was carried out to assess QT interval prolongation in epilepsy and whether there’s a difference in QT interval prolongation between temporal epilepsy and non-temporal epilepsy.

Patients and methods
This study was conducted on 100 patients, 50 aged and sex matched healthy controls who underwent a prolonged (6 to 24 hours) 22 channel computerized EEG monitor with 10-20 system electrode placement and 12 lead electrocardiogram (25 millisecond speed). QT, QTd and QTc using Bazzet’s formulae were calculated.

Results
The results showed statistically significant difference prolongation of QT interval in epilepsy particularly temporal lobe epilepsy.

Conclusion
Significant prolongation of QT interval in epilepsy patients (11% suffered pathological prolonged QT). Marked prolongation of QTc and QTd in temporal lobe epilepsy over non temporal group.