bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multifaceted volunteering: The volunteering experience in the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic in light of volunteering styles
Authors: Kulik Liat 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe goal of the present study was to investigate differences in the volunteering experience during the COVID‐19 pandemic according to three volunteering styles: traditional volunteering that takes place mainly face‐to‐face, virtual volunteering that occurs through digital means and hybrid volunteering that combines virtual and traditional volunteering. The research sample included 657 volunteers during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Four aspects of the volunteering experience were tested: the motivational, the affective, the cognitive and the behavioral. The experience of the hybrid volunteers was more positive in some aspects compared to the others: hybrid volunteers are motivated more by social solidarity, feel that they make a greater contribution to the community, and exhibit greater commitment to volunteer. However, they are less satisfied than the others from the professional accompaniment during their volunteering and experience higher levels of negative affect. The virtual volunteers exhibit relatively low commitment to volunteering and are less satisfied with the feedback they receive from the clients. The content of the special moments of the traditional and hybrid volunteers is usually emotional and focuses on the self, whereas the special moments for the virtual volunteers are purposeful and focused on the client.

It is recommended to hold explanatory activities for clients that will encourage expression of thankfulness to the volunteers.
Communication channels should be developed in order to afford constant feedback to the virtual volunteers via the digital means by which it takes place.
Adaptation of the volunteering styles to the volunteers’ needs and to their technological abilities will ensure commitment to volunteer over time for the benefit of the volunteers and their clients.
Unpacking the complexities of child well‐being in Southeast Asia: Insights for social policy
Authors: Bin Aedy Rahman Hamzah Nor , Yuda Tauchid Komara 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe body of knowledge related to child well‐being in Southeast Asia is sketchy and preliminary. Using standardized Z‐scores, we computed the child well‐being index (CWI) to observe how well 11 Southeast Asian countries take care of children. The overall result shows most countries in this region have “less” to “moderate” performance in terms of CWI realization. An exception is given to Singapore, which has achieved a higher degree of CWI. Further analysis on “child well‐being regimes” suggests that examined countries have been combining productive and protective models with more emphasis on the former. The explanation for the low level of CWI and pervasive characteristic of productivism may rest on moral argumentation, in which child well‐being is constructed as an intimate and private area. Public provisions to regulate child well‐being, consequently, remain hidden behind the family unit as objects rather than subjects of social policy. Tied to low‐performance countries, we call for generous welfare programs to support low‐income families and intensified effort for the provision of quality education, healthcare, and basic facilities in order to enhance the well‐being of children.
Short‐term impact of COVID‐19 on consumption spending and its underlying mechanisms: Evidence from Singapore
Authors: Kim Seonghoon , Koh Kanghyock , Zhang Xuan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe examine the short‐term impact of COVID‐19 on consumption spending and its underlying mechanisms using individual‐level monthly panel data from Singapore. Although Singapore's case fatality rate was one of the lowest in the world in the early stage of the pandemic (0.05%), we find that the COVID‐19 pandemic reduced household consumption spending by almost one quarter at its peak, with a larger response from households with above‐median wealth. We show that the reduction in consumption spending is associated with the nationwide lockdown policy, heightened economic uncertainty and reduced income. In addition, we find a substantial increase in monthly savings among households without income losses, suggesting a substantial rebound in consumption spending after the lifting of the lockdown. The results from June 2020 confirm this conjecture, as we find that consumption spending rebounded by about 10 percentage points in that month.
HVAD versus heartmate III bridge to heart transplantation: Waitlist and posttransplant outcomes
Authors: Hess Nicholas R. , Witer Lucas , Katz Marc R. , Pope Nicolas H. , Tedford Ryan J. , Houston Brian A. , Kilic Arman 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study compared outcomes of patients bridged with either the Heartware HVAD or Heartmate 3 (HM3) device to orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT).MethodsThe United Network of Organ Sharing registry was queried to perform two separate analyses of adult, isolated OHT candidates bridged with HVAD or HM3. First, waitlist outcomes were compared among patients waitlisted 1/1/2015‐3/20/2020. Second, posttransplant survival was compared among those transplanted 1/1/2015‐3/20/2020.ResultsTwo thousand two hundred fifty‐five candidates were waitlisted within the study period, 1587 (70.4%) bridged with HVAD and 668 (29.6%) with HM3. At 1 year from waitlisting, cumulative incidence of OHT higher in the HVAD cohort (p < .001). During the same time period, 2643 patients underwent OHT, 2154 (81.5%) with prior HVAD and 489 (18.5%) with HM3. Yearly proportions of patients bridged with HM3 increased across the study period and decreased for HVAD (p < .001). HM3‐bridged recipients had shorter waitlist times, longer graft cold ischemic times, and experienced a higher rate of posttransplant dialysis requirement. Unadjusted and risk‐adjusted posttransplant mortality rates were similar between both groups.ConclusionsPosttransplant survival is equivalent regardless of device type used for bridging. However, HM3 patients had lower likelihood of reaching transplantation, which may be a reflection of the recent heart allocation policy changes.
Brief Research Commentary: The US Indigenous Food Sovereignty Movement’s Impact on Understandings of COVID‐19 in Indian Country
Authors: Lewis Courtney 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis research commentary provides an overview of contemporary anthropological research regarding the US Indigenous food sovereignty movement and demonstrates how it informs the impacts of COVID‐19 on Indian Country. Past anthropological research on US Indigenous foodways, while useful, has lacked US Indigenous voices and in‐depth political context. Alternatively, many current Indigenous scholars prioritize integration of this crucial political landscape, thus increasing the relevancy and application of this work. For this review, I begin by coalescing a selection of these recent research developments, primarily focusing on research undertaken by Indigenous scholars currently in, and affiliated with, anthropology. I then connect the ways in which their ethnographic and community‐based findings shed insight into challenges that arose during the Covid‐19 pandemic in 2020. Finally, I critique anthropology’s lack of support for these research projects and offer suggestions regarding future US Indigenous food sovereignty research directions.
Habitat model forecasts suggest potential redistribution of marine predators in the southern Indian Ocean
Authors: Reisinger Ryan R. , Corney Stuart , Raymond Ben , Lombard Amanda T. , Bester Marthán N. , Crawford Robert J. M. , Davies Delia , de Bruyn P. J. Nico , Dilley Ben J. , Kirkman Stephen P. , Makhado Azwianewi B. , Ryan Peter G. , Schoombie Stefan , Stevens Kim L. , Tosh Cheryl A. , Wege Mia , Whitehead T. Otto , Sumner Michael D. , Wotherspoon Simon , Friedlaender Ari S. , Cotté Cedric , Hindell Mark A. , Ropert‐Coudert Yan , Pistorius Pierre A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimClimate change will likely lead to a significant redistribution of biodiversity in marine ecosystems. We examine the potential redistribution of a community of marine predators by comparing current and future habitat distribution projections. We examine relative changes among species, indicative of potential future community‐level changes and consider potential consequences of these changes for conservation and management.LocationSouthern Indian Ocean.MethodsWe used tracking data from 14 species (10 seabirds, 3 seals and 1 cetacean, totalling 538 tracks) to model the habitat selection of predators around the Prince Edward Islands. Using random forest classifiers, we modelled habitat selection as a response to a static environmental covariate and nine dynamic environmental covariates obtained from eight IPCC‐class climate models. To project the potential distribution of the predators in 2071–2100, we used climate model outputs assuming two greenhouse gas emission scenarios: RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5.ResultsAnalogous climates are projected to predominantly shift to the southeast and southwest. Species’ potential range shifts varied in direction and magnitude, but overall shifted slightly to the southwest. Despite the variable shifts among species, current species co‐occurrence patterns and future projections were statistically similar. Our projections show that at least some important habitats will shift out of national waters and marine protected areas by 2100, but important habitat area will increase in the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources Area. Predicted areas of common use among predators decreased north of the islands and increased to the south, suggesting that multiple predator species may use southerly habitats more intensively in the future. Consequently, Southern Ocean management authorities could implement conservation actions to partially offset these shifts.Main conclusionsOverall, we predict that marine predator biodiversity in the southern Indian Ocean will be redistributed, with ecological, conservation and management implications.
Is vegetation cover in key behaviour settings important for early childhood socioemotional function? A preregistered, cross‐sectional study
Authors: Mygind Lærke , Elsborg Peter , Schipperijn Jasper , Boruff Bryan , Lum Jarrad A. G. , Bølling Mads , Flensborg‐Madsen Trine , Bentsen Peter , Enticott Peter G. , Christian Hayley 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe environmental influences on early childhood development are understudied. The association between vegetation cover (i.e., trees, shrubs, grassed areas) in four key behaviour settings and socioemotional functioning was investigated in 1196 young children (2–5 years). Emotional difficulties were inversely associated with vegetation cover in the home yard (OR: 0.81 [0.69—0.96]) and neighbourhood (OR: 0.79 [0.67–0.94]), but not in early childhood education and care (ECEC) centre outdoor areas or the ECEC neighbourhood. The higher odds of emotional difficulties associated with lower levels of maternal education was reduced with higher percentages of home yard vegetation cover. There was no evidence of mediation of the relationship between emotional difficulties and vegetation cover by time spent playing outside the home, day or nighttime sleep duration, or physical activity. We found no associations between vegetation cover and conduct, hyperactivity and inattention, peer difficulties, or prosocial behaviours. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J3HeEiIjVZc
Nasal obstruction during the growth period modulates the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor production in association with tyrosine kinase receptor B mRNA reduction in mouse hippocampus
Authors: Ishidori Hideyuki , Okihara Hidemasa , Ogawa Takuya , Abe Yasunori , Kato Chiho , Aung Phyo Thura , Fujita Akiyo , Kokai Satoshi , Ono Takashi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThere is accumulating evidence that nasal obstruction induces high‐level brain dysfunction, including memory and learning deficits. We previously demonstrated that unilateral nasal obstruction (UNO) during the growth period increases the expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The expression of BDNF is regulated by the Wnt/β‐Catenin pathway, which is linked to neuronal differentiation, proliferation, and maintenance. However, little is known about whether Wnt3a protein expression could be an index for modulations analyses in the Wnt/β‐Catenin pathway caused by UNO during the growth period. This study aimed to investigate the effects of UNO during the growth period on the Wnt/β‐Catenin pathway in the hippocampus using combined behavioural, biochemical, and histological approaches. Male BALB/C mice were randomly divided into the control (CONT; n = 6) and experimental (UNO; n = 6) groups. Blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) levels were measured, and a passive avoidance test was performed in mice aged 15 weeks. Brain tissues were subjected to immunohistochemistry, real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis. Compared with control mice, UNO mice had lower SpO2 levels and exhibited memory/learning impairments during behavioural testing. Moreover, Wnt3a protein, BDNF mRNA, and tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) mRNA expression levels were significantly lower in the hippocampus in the UNO group than in the CONT group. Our findings suggested that UNO during the growth period appeared to modulate the hippocampal Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and BDNF production in association with TrkB mRNA reduction, thereby resulting in memory and learning impairments.
New entropy propositions for interval‐valued spherical fuzzy sets and their usage in an extension of ARAS (ARAS‐IVSFS)
Authors: Aydoğdu Ali , Gül Sait 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe spherical fuzzy set (SFS) concept and its interval‐valued version (IVSFS) are among the recent developments aiming at handling the hesitancy representation issue in multiple attribute decision‐making problems. In SFS, decision‐makers can assign independent membership, non‐membership, and hesitancy degrees. IVSFS extends this feature by assigning intervals to these three degrees. In this manner, the uncertainty, vagueness, and ambiguity hidden in human judgements can be quantified and processed more comprehensively. In multiple attribute decision‐making problems, the attribute weights are not commonly known. To determine these weights, there are two families of methods: subjective and objective ones. While subjective methods need expert judgements in weighting, objective methods can reveal the weights from the current dataset. Entropy‐based weighting technique is one of the well‐known objective methods. In the study, two IVSFS entropy expressions are introduced, and their practicality is presented in obtaining objective weights. Then, an IVSFS extension of Additive Ratio Assessment Method is proposed and integrated with the entropy‐based weighting schema. The proposition is applied in solving a 3D printer selection problem and a comparative analysis is conducted to check its robustness and validity.
Using meta‐learning to predict performance metrics in machine learning problems
Authors: Carneiro Davide , Guimarães Miguel , Carvalho Mariana , Novais Paulo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMachine learning has been facing significant challenges over the last years, much of which stem from the new characteristics of machine learning problems, such as learning from streaming data or incorporating human feedback into existing datasets and models. In these dynamic scenarios, data change over time and models must adapt. However, new data do not necessarily mean new patterns. The main goal of this paper is to devise a method to predict a model's performance metrics before it is trained, in order to decide whether it is worth it to train it or not. That is, will the model hold significantly better results than the current one? To address this issue, we propose the use of meta‐learning. Specifically, we evaluate two different meta‐models, one built for a specific machine learning problem, and another built based on many different problems, meant to be a generic meta‐model, applicable to virtually any problem. In this paper, we focus only on the prediction of the root mean square error (RMSE). Results show that it is possible to accurately predict the RMSE of future models, event in streaming scenarios. Moreover, results also show that it is possible to reduce the need for re‐training models between 60% and 98%, depending on the problem and on the threshold used.
Cluster headache epidemiology including pediatric onset, sex, and ICHD criteria: Results from the International Cluster Headache Questionnaire
Authors: Schor Larry I. , Pearson Stuart M. , Shapiro Robert E. , Zhang Wei , Miao Hongyu , Burish Mark J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo validate the diagnoses and to investigate epidemiological data from an international, non‐clinic‐based, and large (n = 1604) survey of participants with cluster headache.BackgroundThere are several limitations in current epidemiological data in cluster headache including a lack of large non‐clinic‐based studies. There is also limited information on several aspects of cluster headache, such as pediatric incidence.MethodsThe International Cluster Headache Questionnaire was an internet‐based survey that included questions on cluster headache demographics, criteria from the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD), and medications.ResultsA total of 3251 subjects participated in the survey, and 1604 respondents met ICHD criteria for cluster headache. For validation, we interviewed a random sample of 5% (81/1604) of participants and confirmed the diagnosis of cluster headache in 97.5% (79/81). Pediatric onset was found in 27.5% (341/1583) of participants, and only 15.2% (52/341) of participants with pediatric onset were diagnosed before the age of 18. Men were more likely to have episodic cluster headache between ages 10 and 50, but the sex ratio was approximately equal for other ages. An overwhelming majority of respondents had at least one autonomic feature (99.0%, 1588/1604) and had restlessness (96.6%, 1550/1604), but many also had prototypical migrainous features including photophobia or phonophobia (50.1%, 804/1604), pain aggravated by physical activity (31.4%, 503/1604), or nausea and vomiting (27.5%, 441/1604). Interestingly, the first‐line medications for acute treatment (oxygen) and preventive treatment (calcium channel blockers) were perceived as significantly less effective in chronic cluster headache (3.2 ± 1.1 and 2.1 ± 1.0 respectively on a 5‐point ordinal scale) compared with episodic cluster headache (3.5 ± 1.0 and 2.4 ± 1.1, respectively, p < 0.001 for both comparisons).ConclusionsCluster headache often occurs in the pediatric population, although they are typically not diagnosed until adulthood. The onset of cluster headache is the inverse of that in migraine; in migraine women are more likely to have migraine between ages 10 and 50 but the sex ratio is approximately equal otherwise. Prototypical migrainous features are not useful in differentiating cluster headache from migraine. Participant data from a large international study also suggest that chronic cluster headache is not only less responsive to newer treatments (like noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation and galcanezumab), but to traditional first‐line treatments as well.
Geographic variation in the use of triptans and opioids for the acute treatment of migraine attacks
Authors: Lee Jae Hyun , Shewale Anand R. , Barthold Douglas , Devine Beth 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the geographic variations in triptan and opioid prescribing patterns for patients with migraine.BackgroundNumerous guidelines recommend triptans as the standard of care for migraine attacks, yet opioids are still widely used for migraine treatment. Variation in the use of opioids and triptans for the treatment of migraine by geographic location is not well known.MethodsUsing a US claims database, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults diagnosed with migraine between 2016 and 2018. We used a 12‐month follow‐up period to assess triptan and opioid utilization, stratified by the nine Census Bureau‐designated divisions. To examine the geographic factors that affect triptan and opioid use among patients, we conducted two sets of multivariable analyses. First, we analyzed the odds of a patient being a triptan or opioid user in the follow‐up period, defined as ≥1 triptan or opioid claim. We then analyzed the medication use rate among triptan or opioid users.ResultsOverall, we had a final study population of 113,921 patients. In the follow‐up period, 52.9% (60,247/113,921) [range: 48.0%–56.3%] of patients were triptan users and 41.0% (46,708/113,921) [range: 28.9%–48.4%] of patients were opioid users with significant differences across census divisions (p < 0.001). Triptan users had a mean (SD) of 4.8 (4.7) triptan claims annually with no significant differences across divisions (p = 0.188). Opioid users had a mean (SD) of 5.4 (6.8) opioid claims annually with significant differences across divisions (p < 0.001). The observed variation in opioid use stemmed from the proportion of patients using opioids in each region and not from the number of opioid prescriptions per user.ConclusionsThere was a significant geographic variation in the use of opioids and to a lesser degree the use of triptans. The widespread use of opioids and the large variation in use other than triptans as the standard of care suggest that improvements could be made in the acute treatment of migraine attacks.
ALK rearrangements in infantile fibrosarcoma‐like spindle cell tumours of soft tissue and kidney
Authors: Tan Serena Y , Al‐Ibraheemi Alyaa , Ahrens William A , Oesterheld Javier E , Fanburg‐Smith Julie C , Liu Yajuan J , Spunt Sheri L , Rudzinski Erin R , Coffin Cheryl , Davis Jessica L 
Published: November 2021

AimsRecurrent alterations in receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and downstream effectors are described in infantile fibrosarcoma (IFS)/cellular congenital mesoblastic nephroma (cCMN) and a subset of spindle cell sarcomas, provisionally designated ‘NTRK‐rearranged’ spindle cell neoplasms. These two groups of tumours demonstrate overlapping morphologies and harbour alterations in NTRK1/2/3, RET, MET, ABL1, ROS1, RAF1 and BRAF, although their relationship is not fully elucidated. We describe herein a cohort of paediatric tumours with clinicopathological features not typical for inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour, but rather with similarities to cCMN/IFS harbouring ALK fusions.Methods and resultsClinicopathological features were assessed and partner agnostic targeted RNA sequencing on clinically validated platforms were performed. Tumours occurred in patients aged from 2 to 10 years (median age 2 years) with a 2:2 male to female ratio and an average size of 8.4 cm. Two tumours arose in soft tissues and two in the kidney. Morphological features included spindle to ovoid cells arranged in long fascicles or haphazardly within a myxoid to collagenised stroma; a subset of cases had either dilated, ectatic vessels or focal perivascular hyalinosis. By immunohistochemistry, all cases tested showed cytoplasmic expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and one case demonstrated co‐expression of CD34 and S100.ConclusionsThis series of ALK‐rearranged IFS‐like tumours expands the spectrum of targetable kinases altered in these tumours and reinforces the potential overlap between IFS/cCMN‐like tumours and the provisional entity of ‘NTRK‐rearranged’ spindle cell neoplasms.