bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nm23-H1 activator phenylbutenoid dimer exerts cytotoxic effects on metastatic breast cancer cells by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction only under glucose starvation
Authors: Kim Bokyung , Lee Jae-Jin , Shin Ji Soo , Suh Ji-Wan , Jung Sunhee , Hwang Geum-Sook , Lee Hee-Yoon , Lee Kong-Joo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) has become an attractive target in anti-cancer studies in recent years. In this study, we found that a small molecule phenylbutenoid dimer NMac1 (Nm23-H1 activator 1), (±)-trans-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(E)-3,4-dimethoxystyryl]cyclohex-1-ene, a previously identified anti-metastatic agent, has novel anti-proliferative effect only under glucose starvation in metastatic breast cancer cells. NMac1 causes significant activation of AMPK by decreasing ATP synthesis, lowers mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP, ΔΨm), and inhibits oxygen consumption rate (OCR) under glucose starvation. These effects of NMac1 are provoked by a consequence of OXPHOS complex I inhibition. Through the structure–activity relationship (SAR) study of NMac1 derivatives, NMac24 was identified as the most effective compound in anti-proliferation. NMac1 and NMac24 effectively suppress cancer cell proliferation in 3D-spheroid in vivo-like models only under glucose starvation. These results suggest that NMac1 and NMac24 have the potential as anti-cancer agents having cytotoxic effects selectively in glucose restricted cells.
Strategic alterations of posture are delayed in Parkinson’s disease patients during deep brain stimulation
Authors: Patel Mitesh , Nilsson Maria H. , Rehncrona Stig , Tjernström Fredrik , Magnusson Måns , Johansson Rolf , Fransson Per-Anders 
Published: December 2021

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by rigidity, akinesia, postural instability and tremor. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) reduces tremor but the effects on postural instability are inconsistent. Another component of postural control is the postural strategy, traditionally referred to as the ankle or hip strategy, which is determined by the coupling between the joint motions of the body. We aimed to determine whether DBS STN and vision (eyes open vs. eyes closed) affect the postural strategy in PD in quiet stance or during balance perturbations. Linear motion was recorded from the knee, hip, shoulder and head in 10 patients with idiopathic PD with DBS STN (after withdrawal of other anti-PD medication), 25 younger adult controls and 17 older adult controls. Correlation analyses were performed on anterior–posterior linear motion data to determine the coupling between the four positions measured. All participants were asked to stand for a 30 s period of quiet stance and a 200 s period of calf vibration. The 200 s vibration period was subdivided into four 50 s periods to study adaptation between the first vibration period (30–80 s) and the last vibration period (180–230 s). Movement was recorded in patients with PD with DBS ON and DBS OFF, and all participants were investigated with eyes closed and eyes open. DBS settings were randomized and double-blindly programmed. Patients with PD had greater coupling of the body compared to old and young controls during balance perturbations (p ≤ 0.046). Controls adopted a strategy with greater flexibility, particularly using the knee as a point of pivot, whereas patients with PD adopted an ankle strategy, i.e., they used the ankle as the point of pivot. There was higher flexibility in patients with PD with DBS ON and eyes open compared to DBS OFF and eyes closed (p ≤ 0.011). During balance perturbations, controls quickly adopted a new strategy that they retained throughout the test, but patients with PD were slower to adapt. Patients with PD further increased the coupling between segmental movement during balance perturbations with DBS ON but retained a high level of coupling with DBS OFF throughout balance perturbations. The ankle strategy during balance perturbations in patients with PD was most evident with DBS OFF and eyes closed. The increased coupling with balance perturbations implies a mechanism to reduce complexity at a cost of exerting more energy. Strategic alterations of posture were altered by DBS in patients with PD and were delayed. Our findings therefore show that DBS does not fully compensate for disease-related effects on posture.
A fungus infected environment does not alter the behaviour of foraging ants
Authors: Pereira Hugo , Willeput Romain , Detrain Claire 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEusocial insects are exposed to a wide range of pathogens while foraging outside their nest. We know that opportunistic scavenging ants are able to assess the sanitary state of food and to discriminate a prey which died from infection by the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum. Here, we investigate whether a contamination of the environment can also influence the behaviour of foragers, both at the individual and collective level. In a Y-maze, Myrmica rubra ants had the choice to forage on two prey patches, one of which containing sporulating items. Unexpectedly, the nearby presence of sporulating bodies did not deter foragers nor prevent them from retrieving palatable prey. Ant colonies exploited both prey patches equally, without further mortality resulting from foraging on the contaminated area. Thus, a contamination of the environment did not prompt an active avoidance by foragers of which the activity depended primarily on the food characteristics. Generalist entomopathogenic fungi such as M. brunneum in the area around the nest appear more to be of a nuisance to ant foragers than a major selective force driving them to adopt avoidance strategies. We discuss the cost–benefit balance derived from the fine-tuning of strategies of pathogen avoidance in ants.
Diploid mint (M. longifolia) can produce spearmint type oil with a high yield potential
Authors: Kippes Nestor , Tsai Helen , Lieberman Meric , Culp Darrin , McCormack Brian , Wilson Rob G. , Dowd Eric , Comai Luca , Henry Isabelle M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMint oil is a key source of natural flavors with wide industrial applications. Two unbalanced polyploid cultivars named Native (Mentha Spicata L) and Scotch (M. × gracilis Sole) are the main producers of spearmint type oil, which is characterized by high levels of the monoterpenes (−)-carvone and (−)-limonene. These cultivars have been the backbone of spearmint oil production for decades, while breeding and improvement remained largely unexplored, in part, due to sterility in cultivated lines. Here we show that sexual breeding at the diploid level can be leveraged to develop new varieties that produce spearmint type oil, along with the improvement of other important traits. Using field trials and GC-FID oil analysis we characterized plant materials from a public germplasm repository and identified a diploid accession that exhibited 89.5% increase in oil yield, compared to the industry standard, and another that produces spearmint type oil. Spearmint-type oil was present at high frequency in a segregating F2 population (32/160) produced from these two accessions. Field-testing of ten of these F2 lines showed segregation for oil yield and confirmed the production of spearmint-type oil profiles. Two of these lines combined high yield and spearmint-type oil with acceptable analytic and sensory profiles. These results demonstrate that spearmint-type oil can be produced in a diploid background with high yield potential, providing a simpler genetic system for the development of improved spearmint varieties.
Discordance of PIK3CA and TP53 mutations between breast cancer brain metastases and matched primary tumors
Authors: Thulin Anna , Andersson Carola , Werner Rönnerman Elisabeth , De Lara Shahin , Chamalidou Chaido , Schoenfeld Arnd , Kovács Anikó , Fagman Henrik , Enlund Fredrik , Linderholm Barbro K. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThere is limited knowledge of the biology of breast cancer (BC) brain metastasis (BM). We primarily aimed to determine the mutations in BCBM and to compare the mutational pattern with the matched primary breast cancer (BC). Secondary aims were to determine mutations in each subgroup (Luminal A-/B-like, HER2+ and TNBC) of BCBM, and to determine survival according to specific mutations. We investigated 57 BCBMs, including 46 cases with matched primary tumors (PT) by targeted Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) using the Cancer Hotspot Panel v2 (ThermoFisher Scientific) covering 207 targeted regions in 50 cancer related genes. Subtype according to immunohistochemistry was re-evaluated. NGS results fulfilling sequencing quality criteria were obtained from 52 BM and 41 PT, out of which 37 were matched pairs. Pathogenic mutations were detected in 66% of PTs (27/41), and 62% of BMs (32/52). TP53 mutations were most frequent; 49% (20/41) of PTs and 48% (25/52) in BMs, followed by PIK3CA mutations; 22% (9/42) in PTs and 25% (13/52) in BMs. Mutations in CDH1, EGFR, HRAS, RB1 CDKN2A and PTEN were detected in single pairs or single samples. Mutational pattern was discordant in 24% of matched pairs. We show a discordance of PIK3CA and TP53 mutations of roughly 25% indicating the need to develop methods to assess mutational status in brain metastasis where analysis of cell-free DNA from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has shown promising results.
N-glycosylation profiles of the SARS-CoV-2 spike D614G mutant and its ancestral protein characterized by advanced mass spectrometry
Authors: Wang Dongxia , Zhou Bin , Keppel Theodore R. , Solano Maria , Baudys Jakub , Goldstein Jason , Finn M. G. , Fan Xiaoyu , Chapman Asheley P. , Bundy Jonathan L. , Woolfitt Adrian R. , Osman Sarah H. , Pirkle James L. , Wentworth David E. , Barr John R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractN-glycosylation plays an important role in the structure and function of membrane and secreted proteins. The spike protein on the surface of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19, is heavily glycosylated and the major target for developing vaccines, therapeutic drugs and diagnostic tests. The first major SARS-CoV-2 variant carries a D614G substitution in the spike (S-D614G) that has been associated with altered conformation, enhanced ACE2 binding, and increased infectivity and transmission. In this report, we used mass spectrometry techniques to characterize and compare the N-glycosylation of the wild type (S-614D) or variant (S-614G) SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoproteins prepared under identical conditions. The data showed that half of the N-glycosylation sequons changed their distribution of glycans in the S-614G variant. The S-614G variant showed a decrease in the relative abundance of complex-type glycans (up to 45%) and an increase in oligomannose glycans (up to 33%) on all altered sequons. These changes led to a reduction in the overall complexity of the total N-glycosylation profile. All the glycosylation sites with altered patterns were in the spike head while the glycosylation of three sites in the stalk remained unchanged between S-614G and S-614D proteins.
Surface-enhanced mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy using miniaturized-disc metasurface
Authors: Semple Mitchell , Iyer Ashwin K. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSurface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy is an important technique for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of spectroscopic material identification measurements in the mid-infrared fingerprinting region. However, the lower bound of the fingerprinting region receives much less attention due to a scarcity of transparent materials, more expensive sources, and weaker plasmonic effects. In this paper, we present a miniaturized metasurface unit cell for surface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy of the 15-$$\upmu$$
μ
m vibrational band of CO$$_{2}$$

2

. The unit cell consists of a gold disc, patterned along the edge with fine gaps/wires to create a resonant metamaterial liner. In simulation, our plasmonic metamaterial-lined disc achieves greater than $$4\times$$

4
×

the average field intensity enhancement of a comparable dipole array and a miniaturized size of $$\lambda _0/5$$

λ
0

/
5

using complex, 100-nm features that are patterned using 100-kV electron-beam lithography. In a simple experiment, the metamaterial-lined disc metasurface shows a high tolerance to fabrication imperfections and enhances the absorption of CO$$_{2}$$

2

at 15 $$\upmu$$
μ
m. The resonant wavelength and reflection magnitude can be tuned over a wide range by adjusting the liner feature sizes and the metasurface array pitch to target other vibrational bands. This work is a step toward low-cost, more compact on-chip integrated gas sensors.
RAM cannula with Cannulaide versus Hudson prongs for delivery of nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants: an RCT
Authors: Maram Shravani , Murki Srinivas , Nayyar Sidharth , Kadam Sandeep , Oleti Tejo Pratap , Anne Rajendra Prasad , Deshobhotla Saikiran , Sharma Deepak , Arun Subhash , Vadije Praveen Rao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) is the standard non-invasive respiratory support for newborns with respiratory distress. Nasal injury is a common problem with the interfaces used. To compare the incidence and severity of nasal injury in neonates with respiratory distress and supported on nCPAP with Hudson prong or RAM cannula with Cannulaide, a semipermeable membrane. This is an open-label, parallel-arm, gestational age-stratified, bi-centric, randomized control trial including neonates between 28 and 34 weeks gestational age and birth weight > 1000 g needing nCPAP. The size of the interface was chosen as per the manufacturer’s recommendation. Of the 229 neonates enrolled, 112 were randomized to RAM cannula with Cannulaide and 117 to Hudson prong. The baseline characteristics were similar. Any nasal injury at CPAP removal was significantly lower in the RAM cannula with Cannulaide group [6 (5.4%) vs. 31 (26.4%); risk ratio—0.77 (95% CI 0.69–0.87); p = 0.0001]. The incidence of moderate to severe nasal injury, need for mechanical ventilation within 72 h of age, duration of oxygen, and requirement of nCPAP for > 3 days were similar. For preterm infants on nCPAP, RAM cannula with Cannulaide, compared to Hudson prongs, decreases nasal injury without increasing the need for mechanical ventilation.Trail registration: CTRI/2019/03/018333, http://www.ctri.nic.in.
Emergence of uniform linearly-arranged micro-droplets entrapping DNA and living cells through water/water phase-separation
Authors: Shono Mayu , Ito Ritsuki , Fujita Fumika , Sakuta Hiroki , Yoshikawa Kenichi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLiving cells maintain their lives through self-organization in an environment crowded with a rich variety of biological species. Recently, it was found that micro-droplets containing biomacromolecules, which vary widely in size, are generated accompanied by water/water phase-separation by simple mechanical mixing of an aqueous solution with binary polymers. Here, we report that cell-sized droplets of nearly the same size are generated as a linear array within a glass capillary upon the introduction of a binary polymer solution of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and dextran (DEX). Interestingly, when DNA molecules are added to the polymer solution, stable droplets entrapping DNA molecules are obtained. Similarly, living cells are entrapped spontaneously for the linearly-arranged cell-sized droplets. This simple method for generating micro-droplets entrapping DNA and also living cells is expected to stimulate further study on the self-construction of protocells and micro organoids.
Grouting technology and construction schemes of a tunnel in aeolian stratum: a case study of Shenmu No. 1 tunnel
Authors: Ye Fei , Liang Xing , Liang Xiaoming , Zhang Wenjun , Liu Chang , Feng Haolan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe naturally formed aeolian sand dunes in northern Shaanxi exhibit unique engineering characteristics. Several challenges, such as the poor self-stabilization ability of the surrounding rock, difficultly in injecting grout, and insufficient construction experience, restrict the construction of road tunnels under this stratum. Therefore, in this study, a case study of the Shenmu No. 1 tunnel was conducted to investigate the engineering characteristics of aeolian sand tunnels, compare the grouting effects of commonly used grouting materials, and discuss the reinforcement effects of different construction schemes in aeolian sand tunnels. Based on a field grouting test, it was determined that it is difficult to inject ordinary cement grout into an aeolian sand layer. Furthermore, it was determined that superfine cement grout and modified sodium silicate grout can be injected, but the former exhibits a poor reinforcement effect. Additionally, results of numerical analysis indicated that an approach based on a concept of “horizontal jet grouting pile + benching partial excavation method with a temporary invert” is suitable for the construction of tunnels in aeolian sand in China.
Perspectives of glycemic variability in diabetic neuropathy: a comprehensive review
Authors: Zhang Xiaochun , Yang Xue , Sun Bao , Zhu Chunsheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDiabetic neuropathy is one of the most prevalent chronic complications of diabetes, and up to half of diabetic patients will develop diabetic neuropathy during their disease course. Notably, emerging evidence suggests that glycemic variability is associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic complications and has emerged as a possible independent risk factor for diabetic neuropathy. In this review, we describe the commonly used metrics for evaluating glycemic variability in clinical practice and summarize the role and related mechanisms of glycemic variability in diabetic neuropathy, including cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy and cognitive impairment. In addition, we also address the potential pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment methods for diabetic neuropathy, aiming to provide ideas for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy.
Integrale Psychiatrie – naturheilkundliches Potenzial und ganzheitliche Behandlung
Authors: Somburg Oliver 
Published: December 2021

SummaryIn der integrativen Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik gilt der naturheilkundliche Grundsatz, dass Krankheit nicht nur behandelt werden, sondern was den Menschen gesund macht und seine Gesundheit erhält, gezielt gefördert werden muss. Eine ganzheitliche Behandlung betrachtet den Menschen als Lebewesen in 8 Dimensionen: „evolutionär“ (geworden), „embodied“ (verkörpert), „emotional“ (emotional), „emergent“ (wandlungsfähig), „enaktiv“ (wechselwirkend-sinnstiftend), „embedded“ (eingebettet), „extended“ (auslagernd) und „exaptive“ (zweckhaft-transformativ).
Induratio penis plastica: Herausforderungen der somatischen Therapie und Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten durch Psychotherapie
Authors: Soave Armin , König Frederik , Dahlem Roland , Rink Michael , Riechardt Silke , Fisch Margit , Briken Peer , Nieder Timo O. 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Induratio penis plastica (IPP) ist eine erworbene chronische Erkrankung der Tunica albuginea und/oder des Septums der Corpora cavernosa, die zu Deformitäten und Verkrümmungen des Penis führen und die Sexualität der Betroffenen stark beeinträchtigen kann. Darüber hinaus kann die IPP bei den betroffenen Patienten zu emotionalen Problemen und zu Beziehungsproblemen führen.
Forschungsziele Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit gibt einen Überblick über die konservativen und chirurgischen Therapieoptionen der IPP, geht detailliert auf die psychischen Besonderheiten und Probleme der Betroffenen ein und stellt mögliche psycho- und sexualtherapeutische Interventionen dar.
Methoden Es handelt sich um eine nicht-systematische narrative Übersichtsarbeit. Mithilfe einer Pubmed-Datenbankanalyse wurden Original- und Übersichtsarbeiten zur IPP identifiziert und im Hinblick auf Methodik und Ergebnisse ausgewertet. Überlegungen zur interdisziplinären Integration einer unterstützenden Psychotherapie werden angestellt.
Ergebnisse Die konservative und die chirurgische Therapie stellen keine kausale, sondern eine symptomatische Behandlung dar. Die Effektivität der konservativen Therapie ist eingeschränkt. Die chirurgische Therapie stellt den Goldstandard zur Behandlung der schweren IPP dar, kann aber Nebenwirkungen wie erektile Dysfunktion und Längenverlust des Penis zur Folge haben. Die IPP führt häufig zu psychischen Belastungen, die im Rahmen einer interdisziplinär integrierten Psychotherapie adressiert werden sollten. Ein entsprechend kombiniertes Vorgehen wird vorgeschlagen.
Schlussfolgerung Um die Erwartungen an die konservative und chirurgische Therapie nicht zu überhöhen, müssen die Patienten über die Möglichkeiten und Limitationen realistisch und ausführlich aufgeklärt werden. Die psychischen Spezifika und Belastungen sollten bei der Therapie der IPP interdisziplinär integriert berücksichtigt werden.
Neuraltherapeutische Heilung einer Depression?
Authors: Wander Rainer 
Published: December 2021

ZusammenfassungDas vegetative Nervensystem wird in das sympathische und das parasympathische System eingeteilt, deren Funktionen sich ergänzen. Eine Dauerbelastung egal welcher Art führt dazu, dass sich „Störfelder“ ergeben, die sich wie eine chronische Entzündung verhalten. Sind einzelne Anteile der neuronalen Systeme über- oder untererregt, gibt es Dissonanzen der Regulation und der Funktion. Dabei spielen die Störfelder als neuronale Trigger, die für den Patienten stumm sind, eine bedeutende Rolle. Diese sind mit diagnostisch-therapeutischer Neuraltherapie identifizierbar und korrigierbar. Die Neuraltherapie und die Akupunktur sind nicht primär für psychische Erkrankungen vorgesehen, aber es lassen sich erstaunliche Effekte erreichen und erklären.