bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approach of Physiotherapist towards Patient during COVID-19 Pandemic in Rural Area
Authors: Fating Tejaswini B. , Bele Ashish W. , Phansopkar Pratik , Naqvi Waqar 
Published: July 2021

COVID-19 is an acute respiratory disease associated with coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 named coronavirus disease (COVID-19), coronavirus is interspecies, and can also be transmitted from human to human that has triggered a global pandemic over the past one year. As no particular medication is available at present as said preventive is better than cure must pursued. Many health professional like physiotherapist play a big role in understanding of COVID-19 and its precautionary steps to stop the spread of corona virus. Because a strong immunity will protect us, but prevention and recovery is an important way to cope up with the dangerous situation of COVID -19 diseases. And in rural area there is lack of hospital facilities so the need for the awareness, precautionary measures and rehabilitation is essential measures to spread of corona virus in community. Physiotherapist plays a primary rolls in awareness about precautionary and safety measures also physiotherapeutic care during acute and post Covid situation. Physiotherapist plays internal roll in community rehabilitation through home workouts, training for physical fitness by exercise, yoga and respiratory care exercises to increase strength and reduce disability. During this pandemic physiotherapist work on digital platform through telehealth, virtual group rehabilitation methods which work on health rehabilitation with also proper ergonomic training during work from home to reduce work hazards and improve productivity.
Assessment of Services at Tertiary Care Hospital Located in Central India, using ‘Kayakalp Initiative Tool’
Authors: Motwani Neelam Vinod , Joshi Abhishek , Choudhari Sonali G. , Gaidhane Abhay M. 
Published: July 2021

Background: Kayakalp is an innovative initiatory started by the Health and Family Welfare Ministry through Swachh Bharat Abhiyan campaign on 15th May 2015. These instructions concentrate on advancement of desirable schemes for housekeeping facilities, pest control procedure, water sanitation, appointment & tutoring of manpower, advancement and accomplishment of appropriate cleansing procedure in terms of protocols / Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs), powerful management and inspection by the employees and inherent Machinery in the treaties linked with an organizational framework which places a bonus on excellent cleaning services and sanitary facilities. This study aims to describe the experiences and knowledge based on assessment of Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha District using this tool.
Objectives: To assess and document hospital upkeep, Sanitation, Hygiene Practices, Hygiene Promotion and to study Handling of Biomedical Waste, Infection Control and Hospital Support Services.
Methodology: This cross sectional hospital based study that will be conducted at Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha District.
Apart from observation of various practices and Processes, the participants to be interviewed will be Nursing staff in-charge in different wards along with Biomedical engineers, Administrative officers and beneficiary patients. For Quantitative data collection, a kayakalp checklist will be used. Data will be collected through observation, staff interview, record keeping, and patient interview forms as per Kayakalp Initiative Tool.
Results: This study would help to understand current hospital sanitation procedures, hospital hygiene, infection prevention, general maintenance, waste management, and support services, etc. and will help to improve services based on findings of the study so as to improve satisfaction of population catered by hospital and provide an ideal working environment for all stakeholders.
Conclusion: This work will assist in improving hospital/facility management and will aid in improvement of sanitation and hygiene practices, it will also improve overall satisfaction of all stakeholders after due implementation of changes suggested at the end of study.
A Comparative Study of Functional Outcome of Olecranon Fractures Managed with Tension band Wiring Using K Wires with Tension Band Wiring Using Cancellous Screws Fixation
Authors: Parate Ashutosh , Gawande Vasant , Gupta Suvarn , Jaiwal Ankit , Chavan Ashwin , Saoji Kunal 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Olecranon fracture are some of the common injuries seen in emergency with commonest mode of trauma being fall on outstretched hand and road traffic accident.
Methods: This prospective comparative study was carried out from May 2020 to May 2021 within a study period of 1 year in Datta Meghe Medical College. 20 patients of olecranon fractures were enrolled randomly.
Results: According to the Mayo classification, the majority of the cases in our study were type II A fractures. The Mayo elbow performance score. In the K wire category, 5 patients (50%) had excellent results, 3 patients (30%) had decent results, and 2 patients (20%) had fair results. In both categories, there were no negative repercussions. In the cancellous screw category, excellent results were found in 8 patients (80%), nice in 1 patient (10%), and fair in 1 patient (10%).
Conclusions: From this study, we came to the conclusion that for displaced olecranon fractures as per Mayo’s II A classification fixed by using cancellous screw with tension band wiring gives better clinical outcome When compared to tension band wiring, K-wire fixation keeps costs down, time, and the chance of implant removal complications.
Exploring the Perceived Causes and Management of Challenging Behavior in Namibian and Ghanaian Schools
Authors: Chitiyo Morgan , Kumedzro Felix K. , Taukeni Simon G. , Chitiyo Argnue , Ahmed Siddiq , Alzayyat Lubna , Green Bridget 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Since challenging behaviors are present in classrooms, it is imperative to understand how teachers acknowledge and respond to these unwanted actions within their schools. The overarching purpose of this study is to understand schoolteachers' perspectives on the causes of students' unwanted behaviors and their responses in the classroom. The study was also designed to explore schoolteachers' perspectives on the relationship between the students' challenging behavior and disability. A total of 1,056 Ghanaian (n = 502) and Namibian (n = 554) schoolteachers were surveyed to identify their understanding of causes of their students' challenging behavior and how they addressed the behaviors. Results of the study indicated that the teachers perceived challenging behavior as related to discipline and not disability. Most teachers also believed that both home and school environmental factors influenced challenging behavior. Furthermore, most schoolteachers from both countries did not believe that physical punishment was an effective way to address challenging behavior and did not support its use in schools. Teacher training programs in both countries need to emphasize the use of evidence-based proactive strategies to address students' challenging behavior in order to minimize the use of punitive strategies such as physical punishment.
Self‐Assembled Facilitated Transport Membranes with Tunable Carrier Distribution for Ethylene/Ethane Separation
Authors: Dou Haozhen , Xu Mi , Wang Baoyu , Zhang Zhen , Wen Guobin , Peng Feifei , Zarshenas Kiyoumars , Luo Dan , Yu Aiping , Bai Zhengyu , Jiang Zhongyi , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFacilitated transport membranes (FTMs) are a forward‐looking technology and have triggered revolutions in many energy‐intensive gas separations. However, the precise manipulation of carrier distribution within FTMs, as well as the visualization of membrane structure at the nanoscale, has never been reported. Herein, FTMs are constructed with tunable carrier distribution by a facile ion/molecule self‐assembly of protic ionic liquid crystal salts (PILSs), polyol, and ethylene‐transport carrier for highly efficient sub‐angstrom scale ethylene/ethane (0.416nm/0.443nm) separation. The elaborate regulation of non‐covalent interactions by optimizing the ion/molecule compositions within membrane confers the bi‐continuous nanostructure of FTMs, resulting in the formation of successive carrier wires and enormous 3D interconnected ethylene transport pathways, which is verified and visualized by molecular dynamics simulations and synchronous small‐ and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (SWAXS). The as‐designed FTMs manifest simultaneously super‐high selectivity, excellent ethylene permeance, and robust long‐term stability, which exceeds previously reported ethylene/ethane separation membranes. This study clearly draws the first picture of carrier distribution within FTMs, and deep insight into membrane structure will shed light on the design of high‐performance separation membranes for energy‐intensive gas separations.
Two‐Dimensional‐Germanium Phosphide‐Reinforced Conductive and Biodegradable Hydrogel Scaffolds Enhance Spinal Cord Injury Repair
Authors: Xu Chao , Chang Yukai , Wu Ping , Liu Kun , Dong Xianzhen , Nie Anmin , Mu Congpu , Liu Zhongyuan , Dai Honglian , Luo Zhiqiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDeveloping biodegradable conductive hydrogels is of great importance for the repair of electroactive tissues, such as myocardium, skeletal muscle, and nerves. However, conventional conductive phase incorporation in composite hydrogels, such as polypyrrole, polyaniline, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and gold nanowires, which are non‐degradable materials, will exist in the body as foreign matter. Herein, an injectable hydrogel based on the integration of conductive and biodegradable germanium phosphide (GeP) nanosheets into an adhesive hyaluronic acid‐graft‐dopamine (HA‐DA) hydrogel matrix is explored, and the successful application of this biohybrid hydrogel in spinal cord injury (SCI) repair is demonstrated. The incorporation of polydopamine (PDA)‐modified GeP nanosheets (GeP@PDA) into HA‐DA hydrogel matrix significantly improves the conductivity of HA‐DA/GeP@PDA hydrogels. The conductive HA‐DA/GeP@PDA hydrogels can accelerate the differentiation of neural stem cells (NSC) into neurons in vitro. In a rat SCI complete transection model, the in vivo implanted HA‐DA/GeP@PDA hydrogel is found to improve the recovery of locomotor function significantly. The immunohistofluorescence investigation suggests that the HA‐DA/GeP@PDA hydrogels promote immune regulation, endogenous angiogenesis, and endogenous NSC neurogenesis in the lesion area. The strategy of integrating conductive and biodegradable GeP nanomaterials into an injectable hydrogel provides new insight into designing advanced biomaterials for SCI repair.
A New Class of Chiral Nematic Phase with Helical Polar Order
Authors: Nishikawa Hiroya , Araoka Fumito 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA novel chiral nematic phase with a polar helical order is realized via the introduction of helical twisting power into a polar nematogen. The properties of the induced polar nematic (polar cholesteric: Np*) phase differ from those of the conventional cholesteric (N*) phases existing thus far. Np*, which is a new class of N* structures, is characterized not only by its helically twisted nematic director, but also by a continuously twisted polarization. Transmission spectroscopy and helical pitch measurements in a wedge cell revealed that the half‐helical pitch in the Np* phase vanished because of the polar response in the Np* helix. The inner polar director in the Np* phase is confirmed in dielectric and second‐harmonic‐generation studies. Furthermore, this unique Np*LC, which corresponds to a half‐/full‐pitch helix, enables ultrafast electro‐optic switching (τ < 20 µs), and proposes new potential applications for electrically interchangeable photonic bandgaps.
Iron Single Atom Catalyzed Quinoline Synthesis
Authors: Chen Zhongxin , Song Jingting , Peng Xinwen , Xi Shibo , Liu Jia , Zhou Wenhui , Li Runlai , Ge Rile , Liu Cuibo , Xu Haisen , Zhao Xiaoxu , Li Haohan , Zhou Xin , Wang Lu , Li Xing , Zhong Linxin , Rykov Alexandre I. , Wang Junhu , Koh Ming Joo , Loh Kian Ping 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe production of high‐value chemicals by single‐atom catalysis is an attractive proposition for industry owing to its remarkable selectivity. Successful demonstrations to date are mostly based on gas‐phase reactions, and reports on liquid‐phase catalysis are relatively sparse owing to the insufficient activation of reactants by single‐atom catalysts (SACs), as well as, their instability in solution. Here, mechanically strong, hierarchically porous carbon plates are developed for the immobilization of SACs to enhance catalytic activity and stability. The carbon‐based SACs exhibit excellent activity and selectivity (≈68%) for the synthesis of substituted quinolines by a three‐component oxidative cyclization, affording a wide assortment of quinolines (23 examples) from anilines and acetophenones feedstock in an efficient, atom‐economical manner. Particularly, a Cavosonstat derivative can be synthesized through a one‐step, Fe1‐catalyzed cyclization instead of traditional Suzuki coupling. The strategy is also applicable to the deuteration of quinolines at the fourth position, which is challenging by conventional methods. The synthetic utility of the carbon‐based SAC, together with its reusability and scalability, renders it promising for industrial scale catalysis.
A Nearly Packaging‐Free Design Paradigm for Light, Powerful, and Energy‐Dense Primary Microbatteries
Authors: Yue Xiujun , Johnson Alissa C. , Kim Sungbong , Kohlmeyer Ryan R. , Patra Arghya , Grzyb Jessica , Padmanabha Akaash , Wang Min , Jiang Zhimin , Sun Pengcheng , Kiggins Chadd T. , Ates Mehmet N. , Singh Sonika V. , Beale Evan M. , Daroux Mark , Blake Aaron J. , Cook John B. , Braun Paul V. , Pikul James H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBillions of internet connected devices used for medicine, wearables, and robotics require microbattery power sources, but the conflicting scaling laws between electronics and energy storage have led to inadequate power sources that severely limit the performance of these physically small devices. Reported here is a new design paradigm for primary microbatteries that drastically improves energy and power density by eliminating the vast majority of the packaging and through the use of high‐energy‐density anode and cathode materials. These light (50–80 mg) and small (20–40 µL) microbatteries are enabled though the electroplating of 130 µm‐thick 94% dense additive‐free and crystallographically oriented LiCoO2 onto thin metal foils, which also act as the encapsulation layer. These devices have 430 Wh kg−1 and 1050 Wh L−1 energy densities, 4 times the energy density of previous similarly sized microbatteries, opening up the potential to power otherwise unpowerable microdevices.
Spontaneous Formation of Upper Gradient 2D Structure for Efficient and Stable Quasi‐2D Perovskites
Authors: Li Dengxue , Xing Zhi , Huang Lu , Meng Xiangchuan , Hu Xiaotian , Hu Ting , Chen Yiwang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractHighly efficient and stable quasi‐2D hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) using hydrophobic 4‐(trifluoromethyl) benzylamine (4TFBZA) as the spacer cation are successfully demonstrated. It is found that the incorporation of hydrophobic 4TFBZA into MAPbI3 can effectively induce a spontaneous upper gradient 2D (SUG‐2D) structure, passivate the trap states, and restrain the ion motion. Meanwhile, the strong hydrogen bonding of F···HN between 4TFBZA ions and methylamine ions can effectively suppress the decomposition of perovskite, which gives the device a better thermal stability. Besides, due to the SUG‐2D structure with hydrophobic 4TFBZA, the device also exhibits a better moisture stability. The SUG‐2D‐structure‐based device exhibits a power conversion efficiency of 17.07% with a high open‐circuit voltage of 1.10 V and a notable fill factor of 71%. This work provides a new strategy for constructing efficient and stable quasi‐2D PSCs, and it is an inspiration for the packaging strategy of perovskites.
Near‐Infrared‐Light Remote‐Controlled Activation of Cancer Immunotherapy Using Photothermal Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles
Authors: Fu Xuancheng , Huang Yiming , Zhao Hao , Zhang Endong , Shen Qi , Di Yufei , Lv Fengting , Liu Libing , Wang Shu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractRemote control of the therapeutic process is an ideal strategy for maximizing efficacy and avoiding side effects, especially for cancer immunotherapy. Herein, a conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs)‐mediated optogenetic system for in situ activation of immunotherapy under near‐infrared laser irradiation is reported. This system is composed of photothermal CPNs and interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) plasmid driven by heat shock promoter HSP70. The photothermally responsive CPNs serve as a photo–heat nanotransducer to trigger the gene transcription of IFN‐γ cytokine. The secreted IFN‐γ from cancer cells can sufficiently elicit surrounding tumor‐associated macrophages activation through IFN‐γ‐JAK‐STAT1 transcription‐factor signaling pathway and finally induce cancer cell killing by immunotherapy. Therefore, this synergetic optogenetic system provides a promising approach to remotely control the process of cancer immunotherapy.
Heliotracking Device using Liquid Crystalline Elastomer Actuators
Authors: Guo Hongye , Saed Mohand O. , Terentjev Eugene M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMany living organisms in nature respond to light stimulus and track the light source. Inspired by this, and to maximize the light‐harvesting ability of solar cells, here, a spontaneous helio‐tracking device based on the differential light‐induced actuation of liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) is demonstrated. The synthesis of the actuator material involves a robust thiol “click” polymerization, while the addition of indocyanine green (ICG) dye imparts the sensitivity to broad‐spectrum and near‐infrared light. Highly reproducible thermal and photo‐induced linear actuation is demonstrated. The device is based on a freely pivoting payload platform held in place by several linear LCE actuators around the 360° circumference. The side of the device, which is exposed to light, has the actuators contracting and tilting the platform toward the light source. As the light source (e.g., the Sun) is moving around the device, the platform tilt followed, always exposing the payload face to the light; in the dark, the device recovers its neutral position.
Chemokine‐Capturing Wound Contact Layer Rescues Dermal Healing
Authors: Schirmer Lucas , Atallah Passant , Freudenberg Uwe , Werner Carsten 
Published: July 2021

AbstractExcessive inflammation often impedes the healing of chronic wounds. Scavenging of chemokines by multiarmed poly(ethylene glycol)‐glycosaminoglycan (starPEG‐GAG) hydrogels has recently been shown to support regeneration in a diabetic mouse chronic skin wound model. Herein, a textile‐starPEG‐GAG composite wound contact layer (WCL) capable of selectively sequestering pro‐inflammatory chemokines is reported. Systematic variation of the local and integral charge densities of the starPEG‐GAG hydrogel component allows for tailoring its affinity profile for biomolecular signals of the wound milieu. The composite WCL is subsequently tested in a large animal (porcine) model of human wound healing disorders. Dampening excessive inflammatory signals without affecting the levels of pro‐regenerative growth factors, the starPEG‐GAG hydrogel‐based WCL treatment induced healing with increased granulation tissue formation, angiogenesis, and deposition of connective tissue (collagen fibers). Thus, this biomaterials technology expands the scope of a new anti‐inflammatory therapy toward clinical use.
A Surface Coordination Interphase Stabilizes a Solid‐State Battery
Authors: Yang Ya‐Nan , Jiang Fang‐Ling , Li Yi‐Qiu , Wang Zhao‐Xi , Zhang Tao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSolid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) show potential in addressing the safety issues of liquid batteries, but the poor interface contact between them and the electrodes hinders practical applications. Here, coordination chemistry of nitrile groups based on succinonitrile (SCN) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is studied on the surface of Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO) SSE to build the chemical bonded electrolyte/electrode interfaces. The coordination of the nitrile group and LLZTO is clarified. A deformable PAN‐modifying SCN electrolyte (PSE) interphase with stable ionic conductivity (10−4 S cm−1) and high lithium‐ion transference number (0.66) is fabricated on the surface of LLZTO electrolyte based on the coordination competition of nitrile groups. Once applied to SSBs, it endows low interface resistance and strong bonding for the electrolyte/electrode interfaces so that the initial Coulomb efficiency reaches 95.6 % and the capacity remains 99 % after 250 cycles at 25 °C.
Ethane‐Based Catalytic Process for Vinyl Chloride Manufacture
Authors: Zichittella Guido , Pérez‐Ramírez Javier 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe use of ethane as a platform molecule for the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a longstanding challenge, which would allow to reduce the raw material costs and CO2emissions to produce this plastic. Herein, we discover that rare earth oxychlorides catalyze in a selective (up to 90 %) and stable (>50 h on stream) manner the reaction of ethane and molecular chlorine into 1,2‐dichloroethane, which, upon established cracking, will translate into an order of magnitude higher vinyl chloride productivity compared to ethane oxychlorination technologies. In addition, representative europium oxychloride was supported on suitable carriers and was demonstrated to be selective (up to 90 %) and stable (>40 h on stream) in extrudate form. These findings bring the ethane‐based production of PVC one step closer to implementation.
Standardization and Control of Grignard Reactions in a Universal Chemical Synthesis Machine using online NMR
Authors: Bornemann‐Pfeiffer Martin , Wolf Jakob , Meyer Klas , Kern Simon , Angelone Davide , Leonov Artem , Cronin Leroy , Emmerling Franziska 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA big problem with the chemistry literature is that it is not standardized with respect to precise operational parameters, and real time corrections are hard to make without expert knowledge. This lack of context means difficult reproducibility because many steps are ambiguous, and hence depend on tacit knowledge. Here we present the integration of online NMR into an automated chemical synthesis machine (CSM aka. “Chemputer” which is capable of small‐molecule synthesis using a universal programming language) to allow automated analysis and adjustment of reactions on the fly. The system was validated and benchmarked by using Grignard reactions which were chosen due to their importance in synthesis. The system was monitored in real time using online‐NMR, and spectra were measured continuously during the reactions. This shows that the synthesis being done in the Chemputer can be dynamically controlled in response to feedback optimizing the reaction conditions according to the user requirements.