bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catalytic Fluoroalkylation Reactions of Alkoxy‐substituted (Hetero)Arenes
Authors: Yerien Damian E. , Lantaño Beatriz , Barata‐Vallejo Sebastián , Postigo Al 
Published: August 2021

AbstractElectron‐rich alkoxy‐substituted (hetero)arenes and electrophilic fluoroalkyl moieties represent advantageous partners for substitution reactions due to their electronic match. Fluoroalkylation strategies of alkoxy‐substituted (hetero)arenes are herein presented which depict photocatalytic and thermal methods. Photocatalytic methods rely on the use of diverse photocatalysts such as Ru(bpy)3Cl2, tetrabutylammonium decatungstate TBADT, N‐doped carbon nanodots NCNDs, and vitamin derivatives which can partner with the Langlois reagent NaSO2CF3, CF3CO2H, and perfluoroalkyl iodides RF‐I as fluoroalkylating reagents. Also, electrocatalytic methods that make use of the cathodic reduction of CF3SO2Cl to generate CF3 radicals can achieve trifluoromethylation reactions of alkoxy‐substituted (hetero)arenes. On the other hand, thermal methodologies comprising Pd(OAc)2 catalysis and using CF3Br as trifluoromethylating source have been implemented.
Asymmetric Catalytic Synthesis of Hexahydropyrrolo‐isoquinolines via Three‐Component 1,3‐Dipolar‐Cycloaddition
Authors: Li Zhaojing , Xu Nian , Guo Ning , Zhou Yuqiao , Lin Lili , Feng Xiaoming 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAn asymmetric three‐component 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of 3,4‐dihydroisoquinolines, bromoacetates and α,β‐unsaturated pyrazole amide is realized by using a chiral N,N’‐dioxide‐Y(OTf)3 complex as the catalyst. The process includes a base‐promoted formation of dihydroisoquinolium ylides in situ, and a chiral Lewis acid‐catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cycloaddition with α,β‐unsaturated pyrazole amides. A series of hexahydropyrrolo‐isoquinolines are obtained in moderate to good yields with excellent diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities.
Post‐traumatic stress symptomatology and adjustment of medical oncology practice during the COVID‐19 pandemic among adult patients with cancer in a day care hospital
Authors: Joly Florence , Rigal Olivier , Guittet Lydia , Lefèvre‐Arbogast Sophie , Grellard Jean‐Michel , Binarelli Giulia , Lange Marie , Rieux Chantal , Fernette Marie , Tron Laure , Gernier François , Travers Romain , Morel Adeline , Richard Doriane , Griffon Bénédicte , Leconte Alexandra , Bastien Etienne , Quilan Florian , Pépin Louis‐Ferdinand , Jardin Fabrice , Leheurteur Marianne , Clarisse Bénédicte , Lequesne Justine , Faveyrial Audrey 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic may induce post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among patients with cancer, who also face adaptations to their treatment. The authors assessed the occurrence of PTSD symptoms, investigated pandemic‐induced adjustments in medical oncology practice in patients with cancer, and explored risk factors for PTSD and the association between PTSD symptoms, insomnia, and quality of life (QoL).MethodsThis prospective French study was conducted in patients with solid/hematologic tumors who were receiving medical treatment in the day care departments of 2 cancer centers during the lockdown. Adjustments to medical oncology practice were collected from medical records. PTSD (measured using the Impact of Event Scale‐Revised), insomnia (measured using the Insomnia Severity Index), QoL (measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐General instrument), and cognitive complaints (measured using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Cognitive Function instrument) were collected through validated questionnaires.ResultsClinical data and questionnaires were available for 734 and 576 patients, respectively. The median patient age was 64 years, and 69% of patients were women. Twenty‐one percent of patients had PTSD. Twenty‐seven percent (95% CI, 23%‐30%) had an adjustment in their medical oncology program, including adjournments (29%), treatment interruptions (16%), modified treatment plans (27%), or adapted monitoring (27%). Women and patients experiencing an adjustment in oncology practice had a higher odds of PTSD (odds ratio= 2.10 [95% CI, 1.07‐4.14] and 1.65 [95% CI, 1.03‐2.63]; P < .05). PTSD symptoms were correlated with worse scores for QoL, cognition, and insomnia.ConclusionsTwenty‐one percent of patients with cancer experienced PTSD symptoms associated with poor QoL during the first COVID‐19–induced lockdown. Medical oncology practice was adjusted in approximately one‐quarter of patients and was associated with the occurrence of PTSD symptoms. Psychosocial support should be offered in cancer centers to promote emotional resilience and avoid PTSD symptoms in patients.
Discovering influential users in social network using weighted cumulative centrality
Authors: Jain Somya , Sinha Adwitiya 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe sharing of information is an inherent tendency of human beings that helps in content dissemination as it cascades to the larger networked audience. In this article, we have proposed a novel weighted cumulative measure for discovering influential users in such networked structures. Our method generically combines the impact of multiple structural features of the network, along with local and global information to produce weighted cumulative centrality (WCC) score. Local information internments nodes direct neighborhood influence whereas global information scrutinizes network structure as a whole via propagating shortest paths. To assess the performance of our innovated measure, a benchmark diffusion model is employed as an artificial stochastic model to track the rate of information spread. The resultant outcome is verified on five different networks including scale‐free and random, and real‐world networks, namely, Facebook, BlogCatalog, and Twitter network. Furthermore, a comparative study is conducted to justify the spreading ability of proposed multifeature based WCC against existing single‐feature based approaches using relative performance ratio. Simulation with single and multiple triggering nodes endorse the efficacy of our proposed method over existing counterparts in terms of the coverage rate, thus showing support for early adoption phenomena in proposed WCC to infest a social network.
Impact of Multimeric Ferrocene‐containing Cyclodecapeptide Scaffold on Host‐Guest Interactions at a β‐Cyclodextrin Covered Surface
Authors: Sanchez Perez Enrique , Toor Ritu , Bruyat Pierrick , Cepeda Céline , Degardin Mélissa , Dejeu Jérôme , Boturyn Didier , Coche‐Guérente Liliane 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAmong non‐covalent bonds, the host‐guest interaction is an attractive way to attach biomolecules to solid surfaces since the binding strength can be tuned by the nature of host and guest partners or through the valency of the interaction. For that purpose, we synthesized cyclodecapeptide scaffolds exhibiting in a spatially controlled manner two independent domains enabling the multimeric presentation of guest molecules on one face and the other face enabling the potential grafting of a biomolecule of interest. In this work, we were interested in the β‐cyclodextrin/ferrocene inclusion complex formed on β‐CD monolayers functionalized surfaces. By using surface sensitive techniques such as quartz crystal microbalance and surface plasmon resonance, we quantified the influence of the guest valency on the stability of the inclusion complexes. The results show a drastic enhancement of the affinity with the gradual increase of guest valency. Considering that the sequential binding events are equal and independent, we applied the multivalent model developed by the Huskens group to extract intrinsic binding constants and an effective concentration of host.
A double hollow rectangular‐shaped patch and with the slotted ground plane monopole wideband antenna for microwave head imaging applications
Authors: Samsuzzaman Md , Fakeeh Khalid A. , Talukder Md Siam , Hasan Md Mahedi , Rahman Md Hasanur , Alam Md Mottahir , Shaik Mahaboob Sharief , Islam Mohammad Tariqul 
Published: August 2021

SummaryThis paper introduces a lightweight wideband planar antenna with an antenna array configuration for microwave head imaging. The designed antenna is composed of a double hollow rectangular‐shaped patch and with the slotted ground. Its measurements are small: 0.28λ × 0.24λ × 0.006λ, whereλis the lowest operating frequency's wavelength. The design process has been completed using CST and then fine‐tune the parameters of the architecture structure to accomplish the ideal bandwidth. The antenna is manufactured and measured in order to test antenna properties. The prototype was being used for brain screening than with the Hugo‐head model. With adequate impedance matching, the antenna meets an operational bandwidth of 1.82 GHz (1.22–3.04 GHz) with an overall peak gain of 5 dBi with a stable radiation property. Fidelity factors both for face‐to‐face and side by side alignment are 92.7% and 83.75%, respectively, indicating that the antenna had a little signal interruption. To determine the backscattered signals of the antenna with Hugo‐head phantom, a nine‐antenna array‐based setup is assumed, with one antenna serving as a transmitter and the remaining eight receiving the dispersed signals.
Organocatalysis Meets Hydrocarbon Oxyfunctionalization: the Role of N‐Hydroxyimides
Authors: Andrade Marta A. , Martins Luísa M. D. R. S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe merging of organocatalysis and C−H bond oxyfunctionalization has demonstrated to be a powerful approach towards the development of new efficient and selective synthetic protocols. Both research areas have witnessed a tremendous growth over the past two decades, with a high number of studies mainly reporting the use of N‐hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) and related compounds in the selective oxyfunctionalization of hydrocarbons. Additionally, heterogeneous NHPI‐based systems can provide a green and sustainable perspective for oxidation reactions. Nevertheless, reports related to this latter approach are still scarce and need further scouting in terms of types of supports used. This short review accounts for relevant contributions from 2010 onwards on the use of NHPI‐based systems for hydrocarbon oxyfunctionalization.
The effects of attentional and interpretation biases on later pain outcomes among younger and older adults: A prospective study
Authors: Chan Frederick H. F. , Suen Hin , Chan Antoni B. , Hsiao Janet H. , Barry Tom J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundStudies examining the effect of biased cognitions on later pain outcomes have primarily focused on attentional biases, leaving the role of interpretation biases largely unexplored. Also, few studies have examined pain‐related cognitive biases in elderly persons. The current study aims to fill these research gaps.MethodsYounger and older adults with and without chronic pain (N = 126) completed an interpretation bias task and a free‐viewing task of injury and neutral scenes at baseline. Participants’ pain intensity and disability were assessed at baseline and at a 6‐month follow‐up. A machine‐learning data‐driven approach to analysing eye movement data was adopted.ResultsEye movement analyses revealed two common attentional pattern subgroups for scene‐viewing: an “explorative” group and a “focused” group. At baseline, participants with chronic pain endorsed more injury‐/illness‐related interpretations compared to pain‐free controls, but they did not differ in eye movements on scene images. Older adults interpreted illness‐related scenarios more negatively compared to younger adults, but there was also no difference in eye movements between age groups. Moreover, negative interpretation biases were associated with baseline but not follow‐up pain disability, whereas a focused gaze tendency for injury scenes was associated with follow‐up but not baseline pain disability. Additionally, there was an indirect effect of interpretation biases on pain disability 6 months later through attentional bias for pain‐related images.ConclusionsThe present study provided evidence for pain status and age group differences in injury‐/illness‐related interpretation biases. Results also revealed distinct roles of interpretation and attentional biases in pain chronicity.SignificanceAdults with chronic pain endorsed more injury‐/illness‐related interpretations than pain‐free controls. Older adults endorsed more illness interpretations than younger adults. A more negative interpretation bias indirectly predicted pain disability 6 months later through hypervigilance towards pain.
When one suffers less, all suffer less: Individual pain ratings are more effective than group ratings in producing placebo hypoalgesia
Authors: Bajcar Elżbieta Anita , Wiercioch‐Kuzianik Karolina , Brączyk Justyna , Farley Dominika , Bieniek Helena , Bąbel Przemysław 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPlacebo hypoalgesia can be induced by observing a person (model) whose pain relief is the result of the use of an inert substance or procedure. This study examined whether verbal modelling, that is, showing pain ratings provided by other people, is sufficient to induce placebo hypoalgesia.MethodsParticipants from the experimental groups were acquainted with pain ratings (presented on VASs) derived from a single person (groups 1 and 3) or a group of people (groups 2 and 4) that were allegedly subjected to the same painful procedure. The ratings of pain stimuli that were allegedly applied with placebo were lower than the ratings of stimuli applied without placebo. In two of the experimental groups (group 3 and 4), participants also watched a video recording showing individuals who allegedly provided pain ratings; however, they did not observe them undergoing pain stimulation. The control group did not undergo any manipulation. Then, the participants received a series of the same thermal pain stimuli that were applied either with or without placebo and rated their intensity.ResultsPlacebo hypoalgesia was induced only in participants presented with pain ratings provided by a single person, regardless of whether this person was previously seen. However, the pain ratings presented to the participants generally decreased individual pain sensations, regardless of whether they came from a group of people or a single person.ConclusionsVerbal modelling can produce placebo hypoalgesia and reduce pain sensations. It may be effectively used in clinical practice to modify patients' responses to pain treatment.SignificanceThis study shows that knowledge about pain ratings provided by another person is sufficient to induce placebo hypoalgesia; thus, neither direct nor indirect observation of a person experiencing pain is necessary to induce this effect. Pain ratings derived from a group of people can decrease pain sensations but they do not produce placebo hypoalgesia.
Firstly Electrochemical Examination of Myosmine at Glassy Carbon Electrode: Sensitive Determination in Tobacco Leaves by Differential Pulse Voltammetry
Authors: Aral Tarık , Önal Günay , Keskin Ertuğrul , Levent Abdulkadir 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this study, the electrochemical properties of myosmine, one of the tobacco alkaloids, were investigated for the first time using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques on glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Using GCE with CV technique, it gave an irreversible reduction peak with diffusion control at about −1.38 V in Britton‐Robinson (BR, pH 12.0) medium. A good linear relationship between concentration and current in the range of 0.5 μM–3.5 μM in BR (pH 12.0) medium on GCE with DPV technique [Ip(μA)=0.847 C(μM)+0.114, r=0.995, n=7] has been observed. The proposed method has been successfully applied to tobacco leaves.
Characterization and kinetic modeling for pyrolytic conversion of cotton stalks
Authors: Fawzy Samer , Osman Ahmed I. , Farrell Charlie , Al‐Muhtaseb Ala'a H. , Harrison John , Al‐Fatesh Ahmed S. , Fakeeha Anis H. , Doran John , Yang Haiping , Rooney David W. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHerein, cotton stalk biomass was initially characterized to understand its physicochemical properties as a raw material for biochar production. Furthermore, thermal analysis was conducted using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the results were further utilized to evaluate the cotton stalk's kinetic behavior under thermal decomposition in an inert environment. Advanced kinetics and technology solutions (AKTS) software was for the first time employed to compute the kinetic parameters of cotton stalk pyrolysis, as well as provide kinetic predictions under isothermal conditions. Three methods were used to compute the activation energy (Ea) value, namely ASTM‐E698, Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa (FWO), and Friedman's differential iso‐conversional model. The results obtained using the ASTM‐E698 method indicate an activation energy of 127.23 kJ·mol−1. Furthermore, the FWO method presented an Ea value ranging 35‐250 kJ·mol−1. The differential iso‐conversional method is the most robust approach as it adequately represents the complex nature of lignocellulosic biomass decomposition, showing an Ea range between 4 and 250 kJ·mol−1. Based on the differential iso‐conversional method, kinetic predictions under isothermal conditions were provided. The predictions offer valuable insight for industrial‐scale biochar project developers in relation to production throughput optimization. Furthermore, the kinetic parameters obtained can be utilized in process modeling.
Enrichment of dimerumic acid in Monascus‐fermented rice and its in vivo antioxidant activity
Authors: Khan Washim , Regmi Omkar , Panda Bibhu Prasad 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMonascus‐fermented rice (MFR) has been used in traditional Chinese and Japanese medicine for the revitalization of blood, digestion problems, and cardiovascular disorders. Through a biotechnological approach, MFR is produced by the solid‐state fermentation of rice by Monascus spp. MFR has remarkable therapeutic properties as it contains several bioactive compounds, and dimerumic acid is one of the important siderophore‐based antioxidant fermentative metabolites found in it. This study aimed to screen out the medium composition for the production of dimerumic acid (DMA) and evaluate its antioxidant potential. Different strains of Monascus purpureus Microbial Type Culture Collection & Gene Bank (MTCC) 410, 369, 1090 and Monascus ruber MTCC 1880, 2326 and Monascus pilosus CBS 286.34, CBS 290.34 with different solid substrate were screened for maximum yield of DMA. Solid‐state fermentation of long‐grain rice (Oryza sativa) by Monascus pilosus CBS 290.34 was the best for DMA production. The optimized medium parameters in rice for the highest yield of DMA were glucose (75.13 mg/g), soya extract (19.33 mg/g), malt extract (35.14 mg/g), and calcium carbonate (0.29 mg/g). The predicted values for medium parameters were in good agreement with the experimental data. MFR enriched with DMA showed potent antioxidant and lipid lowering capacity in both in vitro and in vivo. It can be explored further for the development of nutraceuticals as a natural antioxidant.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors withBRAFgene fusions. A report of two cases showing low or absentKITexpression resulting in diagnostic pitfalls
Authors: Torrence Dianne , Xie Ziyu , Zhang Lei , Chi Ping , Antonescu Cristina R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAlthough most gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) exhibit activating mutations in eitherKITorPDGFRA, rare cases have shown to be driven by gene fusions involving kinases, mainly involvingNTRK3, and rarelyBRAForFGFR1.BRAFgene rearrangements have been described in only two patients to date, as separate case reports. In addition,BRAFV600E mutation is an uncommon but established oncogenic pathway in GIST. In this report, we describe two new GIST cases harboring novelBRAFfusion genes, arising in two young‐adult women (37 and 40 years of age) in the small bowel and distal esophagus, both with a spindle cell phenotype. The small bowel GIST measured 2.8 cm and showed a high cellularity and a mitotic rate of 20/50 HPFs, while the esophageal lesion measured 7 cm and 1/50 HPFs. Immunohistochemically, both tumors showed diffuse reactivity for DOG1, while KIT/CD117 was weakly positive in the small bowel GIST and completely negative in the esophageal tumor. Based on these findings, the latter case was misinterpreted as a low‐grade myxoid leiomyosarcoma, as it showed a myxoid stroma, reactivity for SMA and focal positivity for desmin. Archer FusionPlex revealed a fusion betweenBRAFwith eitherAGAP3orMKRN1gene partners. Moreover, MSK‐IMPACT DNA targeted sequencing confirmed both fusions but did not identify additional mutations. In one case with available material, theBRAFgene rearrangement was also validated by FISH. The recognition ofBRAFfusion‐positive GISTs is critical as it may be associated with a low level of KIT expression and may result in diagnostic challenges with significant impact on therapeutic management. The clinical benefit with KIT inhibitors, such as imatinib, remains to be determined.
Lower incidence of clinical allergy with PEG‐asparaginase upfront versus the sequential use of native E. coli asparaginase followed by PEG‐ASP in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Mesegué Montserrat , Alonso‐Saladrigues Anna , Pérez‐Jaume Sara , Comes‐Escoda Ariadna , Dapena José Luís , Faura Anna , Conde Nuria , Català Albert , Ruiz‐Llobet Anna , Zapico‐Muñiz Edgar , Camós Mireia , Rives Susana 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAsparaginase (ASP) is an essential component for the acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment, but toxicities, such as allergy, frequently limit its use. Although the potentially lower PEG‐ASP formulation immunogenicity, few studies with conflicting results have compared the allergy incidence between Escherichia coli‐ASP and PEG‐ASP in the same protocol. We aimed at comparing the allergy incidence in children receiving native E. coli‐ASP versus PEG‐ASP within the same clinical protocol (Spanish Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology ALL‐SEHOP‐PETHEMA 2013). One hundred and twenty‐six children (1–19 years) diagnosed with ALL from 2013 to 2020 were included. Patients in group 1 received a sequential scheme of native E. coli‐ASP 10,000 IU/m2 intramuscularly (IM) followed by PEG‐ASP 1000 IU/m2 IM. Patients in group 2 received PEG‐ASP 1000 IU/m2 IM upfront. Clinical allergy incidence was compared between both groups. Serum ASP activity (SAA) was measured in a subgroup of patients, and silent inactivation was recorded. The cumulative incidence of clinical allergy was significantly higher in group 1 (native followed by PEG‐ASP) than in group 2 (PEG‐ASP upfront), 24.7% versus 4.1% (p = 0.0085). Adequate ASP activity was achieved with PEG‐ASP 1000 IU/m2 dose in most patients (median SAA 412.5 and 453.0 IU/L at days 7 and 14). The incidence of silent inactivation in PEG‐ASP upfront patients was very low. PEG‐ASP‐used upfront was associated with a lower incidence of clinical allergy than that observed in the sequential use of native E. coli‐ASP followed by PEG‐ASP. PEG‐ASP at 1000 IU/m2 was effective in achieving enough ASP activity in most patients.