bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvements in Clinician, Organization, and Patient Outcomes Make a Compelling Case for Evidence‐Based Practice Mentor Development Programs: An Integrative Review
Authors: Alves Stacy L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundMany organizations struggle to systematically integrate EBP into practice. EBP mentors address organizational barriers and promote the translation of evidence into clinical practice at the bedside.AimTo evaluate research findings related to EBP mentor development programs, to identify effective practices, and to assess the outcomes associated with EBP mentor development programs.MethodsA comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to retrieve studies from CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus, using keywords and subject headers related to EBP mentorship and quality and safety outcomes. Studies were appraised and reviewed to compare mentor program composition and examine clinician, organizational, and patient outcomes.ResultsFifteen studies met inclusion criteria: one randomized control trial (RCT), one literature review, eleven descriptive studies, and two case reviews. Most programs included didactic content, an EBP project with coaching, and resources to support learning. The studies found that these programs led to improvements in clinicians’ EBP beliefs, practices, and abilities, the organization’s readiness for EBP, and patient safety.Linking Evidence to ActionThere is solid justification for healthcare organizations to invest in an EBP mentor development program.
The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership Practices of First‐Line Nurse Managers and Nurses’ Organizational Resilience and Job Involvement: A Structural Equation Model
Authors: Abd‐EL Aliem Sally Mohammed Farghaly , Abou Hashish Ebtsam Aly 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundNurse leaders play a unique role in seeking ways to promote a strong nurse workforce and positive work attitudes and behaviors among nurses to assist in their success. The leadership practice of nurse managers could be an important factor in promoting nurses’ organizational resilience and job involvement.AimTo determine the relationship between transformational leadership practices of first‐line nurse managers and nurses’ organizational resilience and job involvement.MethodsA descriptive correlational research design was conducted at a Saudi university hospital. The study consisted of 60 nurse managers and 211 nurses. Measures included Leadership Practices Inventory, organizational resilience, and job involvement questionnaires. Results were analyzed using inferential statistics and Structural Equation Modeling.ResultsIn addition to the positive significant correlation found among the studied variables, First‐Line Nurse Managers’ Leadership practices accounted for 43% and 40% of the variance of nurses’ organizational resilience and job involvement.Linking Evidence to ActionNurse leaders perform a crucial role in embracing and executing effective strategies through their transformational leadership and managerial caring to support nurses’ resilience and job involvement. Shared governance and a respectful working atmosphere that conveys gratitude to nurses are popular strategies that enhance the efficacy of nursing leadership and promote positive work attitudes among nurses.
Postoperative Delirium in Older Patients: A Systematic Review of Assessment and Incidence of Postoperative Delirium
Authors: Ho Mu‐Hsing , Nealon Jessica , Igwe Ezinne , Traynor Victoria , Chang Hui‐Chen (Rita) , Chen Kee‐Hsin , Montayre Jed 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative delirium is the most common complication of surgery particularly in older patients.AimsThe current study aimed to summarize the commonly used delirium assessment tools in assessing postoperative delirium (POD) and to estimate the incidence rates of POD.MethodsA systematic review that included empirical cohort studies reporting the use of delirium assessment tools in assessing POD between 2000 and 2019. Five core databases were searched for eligible studies. The methodological quality assessment of the included studies was undertaken using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist to examine the risk of bias. Pooled incidence estimates were calculated using a random effects model.ResultsNineteen studies with a total of 3,533 postsurgery older patients were included in this review. The confusion assessment method (CAM) and CAM‐ICU were the most commonly used tools to assess POD among older postoperative patients. The pooled incidence rate of POD was 24% (95% CI [0.20, 0.29]). The pooled incidence estimates for mixed (noncardiac) surgery, orthopedic surgery, and tumor surgery were 23% (95% CI [0.15, 0.31]), 27% (95% CI [0.20, 0.33]), and 19% (95% CI [0.15, 0.22]), respectively. More than 50% of included studies used CAM to assess POD in different types of postoperative patients. Using CAM to assess delirium is less time‐consuming and it was suggested as the most efficient tool for POD detection.Linking Evidence to ActionWe identified that CAM could be implemented in different settings for assessing POD. The incidence and risk factors for POD introduced can be used for future research to target these potential indicators. The incidence rate, risk factors, and predictors of POD explored can provide robust evidence for clinical practitioners in their daily practice.
Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk Factor Outcomes in Women with a History of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: Integrative Review
Authors: Byrnes Mary , Buchholz Susan Weber 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundHypertensive disorders of pregnancy increase a woman’s risk for developing cardiovascular disease, with risk factors manifested as early as one year postpartum. Researchers are examining how physical activity may help to mitigate cardiovascular risk factors in this population.AimReview the existing scientific literature on the impact of physical activity in women with a history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy related to physical activity and cardiovascular risk factor outcomes.MethodsThis integrative review examined research studies addressing physical activity in women with a history of preeclampsia or other hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Using four databases, the search strategy included published studies through December 31, 2019. Identified studies were assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools.ResultsThe initial search identified 1,166 publications. Seven studies including two observational, four quasi‐experimental, and one experimental study were included in the review. Although the studies had limitations, none of these limitations were deemed significant enough to eliminate a study from the review. Studies were conducted in four countries, and participants were predominantly White. Physical activity interventions primarily consisted of delivery of educational content, and data were primarily obtained by self‐report. Of the five studies utilizing intervention strategies, three reported positive findings including increased physical activity, enhanced physiologic adaptations, and decreased physical inactivity. One study reported mixed findings of improved physical fitness in both groups, while another reported no change in intent to change exercise behavior associated with the intervention.Linking Evidence to ActionPhysical activity promotion among women with a history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy has been studied by a small group of researchers. Current literature on the topic is characterized by limited sample diversity, lack of exercise‐based interventions, and over reliance on self‐report to measure physical activity. It is imperative that further research be conducted to facilitate improved cardiovascular outcomes.
Examination of Australian backyard poultry for Salmonella, Campylobacter and Shigella spp., and related risk factors
Authors: Keerthirathne Thilini Piushani , Ross Kirstin , Fallowfield Howard , Whiley Harriet 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWorldwide, foodborne illness is a significant public health issue in both developed and developing countries. Salmonellosis, campylobacteriosis and shigellosis are common foodborne gastrointestinal illnesses caused by the bacteria Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp. and Shigella spp. respectively. These zoonotic diseases are frequently linked to eggs and poultry products. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of these pathogens in Australian backyard poultry flocks and to determine risk factors for these pathogens. Poultry faeces samples were collected from 82 backyards and screened for Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp. and Shigella spp. using qPCR. A questionnaire was administered to the backyard poultry owners to assess their knowledge regarding management of poultry and eggs and to identify potential risk factors that may contribute to the presence of zoonotic pathogens in the flocks. One composite faecal sample was collected from each backyard (82 samples). Composite sampling here means taking one or more grab samples from a backyard to make up approximately 10 grams. Four per cent of samples, that is 4% backyards tested, were positive for Salmonella spp., 10% were positive for Campylobacter spp. and none were positive for Shigella spp. A higher infection rate was seen in multi‐aged flocks (24%) compared with the single‐aged flocks (3%). The survey found that many participants were engaging in risky food safety behaviours with 46% of participants responding that they washed their eggs with running water or still water instead of wiping the dirt off with a damp cloth to clean the eggs and 19% stored their eggs at room temperature. This study demonstrated that backyard poultry may pose a potential risk for salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis. Additionally, Australian public health and food safety regulations should be modified and effectively implemented to address the risks associated with backyard poultry husbandry.
Some Properties of the Topological Entropy of a Family of Dynamical Systems Defined on an Arbitrary Metric Space
Authors: Vetokhin A. N. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe consider a family of dynamical systems defined on a noncompact metric space and continuously depending on a parameter varying in some metric space. For any such family, the topological entropy of the dynamical systems in the family is studied as a function of the parameter from the viewpoint of the Baire classification of functions.
On the Spectrum of Two-Point Boundary Value Problems for the Dirac Operator
Authors: Makin A. S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We consider the spectral problem for a Dirac operator with arbitrary two-point boundary
conditions and an arbitrary complex-valued integrable potential. The existence of nontrivial
boundary value problems of this type with an unbounded growth of the multiplicity of eigenvalues
is established.
On the Existence of a Periodic Mode in a Nonlinear System
Authors: Fursov A. S. , Mitrev R. P. , Krylov P. A. , Todorov T. S. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We consider a nonlinear control system with a bang-bang hysteresis control, which is a
simplified model of a thermal energy harvester. We obtain conditions on the controller and the
system parameters guaranteeing the existence of a periodic mode in the system.
Probing the dark axion portal with muon anomalous magnetic moment
Authors: Ge Shao-Feng , Ma Xiao-Dong , Pasquini Pedro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe propose a new scenario of using the dark axion portal at one-loop level to explain the recently observed muon anomalous magnetic moment by the Fermilab Muon g-2 experiment. Both axion/axion-like particle (ALP) and dark photon are involved in the same vertex with photon. Although ALP or dark photon alone cannot explain muon $$g-2$$

g
-
2

, since the former provides only negative contribution while the latter has very much constrained parameter space, dark axion portal can save the situation and significantly extend the allowed parameter space. The observed muon anomalous magnetic moment provides a robust probe of the dark axion portal scenario.
Commutatively deformed general relativity: foundations, cosmology, and experimental tests
Authors: de Vegvar P. G. N. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAn integral kernel representation for the commutative $$\star $$
⋆
-product on curved classical spacetime is introduced. Its convergence conditions and relationship to a Drin’feld differential twist are established. A $$\star $$
⋆
-Einstein field equation can be obtained, provided the matter-based twist’s vector generators are fixed to self-consistent values during the variation in order to maintain $$\star $$
⋆
-associativity. Variations not of this type are non-viable as classical field theories. $$\star $$
⋆
-Gauge theory on such a spacetime can be developed using $$\star $$
⋆
-Ehresmann connections. While the theory preserves Lorentz invariance and background independence, the standard ADM $$3+1$$

3
+
1

decomposition of 4-diffs in general relativity breaks down, leading to different $$\star $$
⋆
-constraints. No photon or graviton ghosts are found on $$\star $$
⋆
-Minkowski spacetime. $$\star $$
⋆
-Friedmann equations are derived and solved for $$\star $$
⋆
-FLRW cosmologies. Big Bang Nucleosynthesis restricts expressions for the twist generators. Allowed generators can be constructed which account for dark matter as arising from a twist producing non-standard model matter field. The theory also provides a robust qualitative explanation for the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the observable Universe. Particle exchange quantum statistics encounters thresholded modifications due to violations of the cluster decomposition principle on the nonlocality length scale $$\sim 10^{3-5} \,L_P$$

∼

10

3
-
5

L
P

. Precision Hughes–Drever measurements of spacetime anisotropy appear as the most promising experimental route to test deformed general relativity.
The Complexity of Counting Problems Over Incomplete Databases
Authors: Arenas Marcelo , Barceló Pablo , Monet Mikaël 
Published: September 2021

We study the complexity of various fundamental counting problems that arise in the context of incomplete databases, i.e., relational databases that can contain unknown values in the form of labeled nulls. Specifically, we assume that the domains of these unknown values are finite and, for a Boolean query
q
, we consider the following two problems: Given as input an incomplete database
D
, (a) return the number of completions of
D
that satisfy
q
; or (b) return the number of valuations of the nulls of
D
yielding a completion that satisfies
q
. We obtain dichotomies between #P-hardness and polynomial-time computability for these problems when
q
is a self-join–free conjunctive query and study the impact on the complexity of the following two restrictions: (1) every null occurs at most once in
D
(what is called
Codd tables
); and (2) the domain of each null is the same. Roughly speaking, we show that counting completions is much harder than counting valuations: For instance, while the latter is always in #P, we prove that the former is not in #P under some widely believed theoretical complexity assumption. Moreover, we find that both (1) and (2) can reduce the complexity of our problems. We also study the approximability of these problems and show that, while counting valuations always has a fully polynomial-time randomized approximation scheme (FPRAS), in most cases counting completions does not. Finally, we consider more expressive query languages and situate our problems with respect to known complexity classes.
Anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibody profiling in patients with immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Kangro Kadri , Roose Elien , Joly Bérangère S. , Sinkovits György , Falter Tanja , von Auer Charis , Rossmann Heidi , Reti Marienn , Voorberg Jan , Prohászka Zoltán , Lämmle Bernhard , Coppo Paul , Veyradier Agnès , De Meyer Simon F. , Männik Andres , Vanhoorelbeke Karen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Anti-A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with a ThromboSpondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) autoantibodies cause a severe ADAMTS13 deficiency in immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP). ADAMTS13 consists of a metalloprotease (M), a disintegrin-like (D) domain, 8 thrombospondin type 1 repeats (T1-T8), a cysteine-rich (C), a spacer (S), and 2 CUB domains (CUB1-2). We recently developed a high-throughput epitope mapping assay based on small, nonoverlapping ADAMTS13 fragments (M, DT, CS, T2-T5, T6-T8, CUB1-2). With this assay, we performed a comprehensive epitope mapping using 131 acute-phase samples and for the first time a large group of remission samples (n = 50). Next, samples were stratified according to their immunoprofiles, a field that is largely unexplored in iTTP. Three dominant immunoprofiles were found in acute-phase samples: profile 1: only anti-CS autoantibodies (26.7%); profile 2: both anti-CS and anti-CUB1-2 autoantibodies (12.2%); and profile 3: anti-DT, anti-CS, anti-T2-T5, anti-T6-T8, and anti-CUB1-2 autoantibodies (8.4%). Interestingly, profile 1 was the only dominant immunoprofile in remission samples (52.0%). Clinical data were available for a relatively small number of patients with acute iTTP (&gt;68), and no correlation was found between immunoprofiles and disease severity. Nevertheless, profile 1 was linked with younger and anti-T2-T5 autoantibodies with older age and the absence of anti-CUB1-2 autoantibodies with cerebral involvement. In conclusion, identifying acute phase and remission immunoprofiles in iTTP revealed that anti-CS autoantibodies seem to persist or reappear during remission providing further support for the clinical development of a targeted anti-CS autoantibody therapy. A large cohort study with acute iTTP samples will validate possible links between immunoprofiles or anti-domain autoantibodies and clinical data.
The regulatory pattern of target gene expression by aberrant enhancer methylation in glioblastoma
Authors: Zhao Xiaoxiao , Ji Jianghuai , Wang Shijia , Wang Rendong , Yu Qiuhong , Li Dongguo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumor with grim prognosis. Aberrant DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that promotes GBM carcinogenesis, while the function of DNA methylation at enhancer regions in GBM remains poorly described.

Results
We integrated multi-omics data to identify differential methylation enhancer region (DMER)-genes and revealed global enhancer hypomethylation in GBM. In addition, a DMER-mediated target genes regulatory network and functional enrichment analysis of target genes that might be regulated by hypomethylation enhancer regions showed that aberrant enhancer regions could contribute to tumorigenesis and progression in GBM. Further, we identified 22 modules in which lncRNAs and mRNAs synergistically competed with each other. Finally, through the construction of drug-target association networks, our study identified potential small-molecule drugs for GBM treatment.

Conclusions
Our study provides novel insights for understanding the regulation of aberrant enhancer region methylation and developing methylation-based biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of GBM.
Evolution of nuptial gifts and its coevolutionary dynamics with male-like persistence traits of females for multiple mating
Authors: Kamimura Yoshitaka , Yoshizawa Kazunori , Lienhard Charles , Ferreira Rodrigo L. , Abe Jun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Many male animals donate nutritive materials during courtship or mating to their female mates. Donation of large-sized gifts, though costly to prepare, can result in increased sperm transfer during mating and delayed remating of the females, resulting in higher paternity. Nuptial gifting sometimes causes severe female-female competition for obtaining gifts (i.e., sex-role reversal in mate competition) and selection on females to increase their mating rate, changing the intensity of sperm competition and the resultant paternity gains. We built a theoretical model to simulate such coevolutionary feedbacks between nuptial gift size (male trait) and propensity for multiple mating (female trait). Donation of nuptial gifts sometimes causes development of female persistence trait for gift acquisition. We also analyzed the causes and consequences of this type of traits, taking double receptacles for nutritious seminal gifts, which are known to occur in an insect group with a “female penis” (Neotrogla spp.), as an illustrative example.

Results
Our individual-based simulations demonstrated that female-female competition for male-derived nutrients always occur when the environment is oligotrophic and mating costs are low for females. However, a positive correlation between donated gift size and the resultant paternity gain was a requisite for the co-occurrence of large gifts and females’ competitive multiple mating for the gifts. When gift donation satisfied female demands and thus resulted in monandry, exaggeration of nuptial gift size also occurred under the assumption that the last male monopolizes paternity. The evolution of double slots for gift acquisition and digestion (female persistence trait) always occurred when males could not satisfy the demands of females for gifts. However, through coevolutionary reduction in male gift size, fixation of this trait in a population drastically reduced the average female fitness.

Conclusion
Sperm usage patterns, which have rarely been examined for animals with nuptial gifts, can be a critical factor for determining the extent of exaggeration in nuptial gifting. Sex-role reversals in mate competition, as a result of donation of nuptial gifts from males to females, can involve the evolution of male-like, persistent traits in females that reduce population productivity, as is the case with persistence traits in males.