bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient-reported outcomes and complication rates after lateral maxillary sinus floor elevation: a prospective study
Authors: Rengo Carlo , Fiorino Antonino , Cucchi Alessandro , Nappo Antonio , Randellini Emanuele , Calamai Paolo , Ferrari Marco 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectivesOral surgery morbidity is highly variable based on patients’ characteristics and kind of surgical intervention. However, poor data are available in the literature regarding patient outcomes after oral surgery. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate patient-reported outcome and complication rates after maxillary sinus floor elevation.Materials and methodsData from the records of patients undergoing maxillary sinus elevation have been collected from a private dental office. Patient-reported outcome has been assessed using a 100-mm visual analog scale to evaluate the post-operative pain (VASpain) experienced in the first week following surgery and visual rating scales to evaluate discomfort level (VRSdiscomfort: 0 to 4) and willingness to repeat the same surgical procedure (VRSwillingness: 0 to 3). Analgesics intake, swelling onset and duration, and ecchymosis have been also recorded.ResultsVASpainshowed moderate values in the first 2 days (< 50) post-surgery, with a tendency to progressively decrease over the next 2 days. Average assumption of painkillers was 3.93 ± 3.03. Discomfort level (VRSdiscomfort) after surgery was low (median: 1; IR: 1–0), while willingness to undergo the same surgical procedure was very high (77.63% of patients). Swelling and ecchymosis were experienced by 97.36% and 51.32% of patients, respectively, with a mean duration of 4.09 ± 1.43 and 2.21 ± 2.31 days, respectively. Membrane perforation occurred in 4 cases. Other post-operative complications were not observed.ConclusionsMaxillary sinus grafting is a safe procedure, with a low complication rate and moderate morbidity that is well tolerated by patients. Particular attention is needed in case selection, surgical planning and operator expertise.Clinical relevanceThe analysis of patient-reported outcomes can be of great help in surgical planning and in providing correct and adequate treatment.
On the Resilience of Even-Mansour to Invariant Permutations
Authors: Mennink Bart , Neves Samuel 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSymmetric cryptographic primitives are often exposed to invariances: deterministic relations between plaintexts and ciphertexts that propagate through the primitive. Recent invariant subspace attacks have shown that these can be a serious issue. One way to mitigate invariant subspace attacks is at the primitive level, namely by proper use of round constants (Beierle et al., CRYPTO 2017). In this work, we investigate how to thwart invariance exploitation at the mode level, namely by assuring that a mode never evaluates its underlying primitive under any invariance. We first formalize the use of invariant cryptographic permutations from a security perspective, and analyze the Even-Mansour block cipher construction. We further demonstrate how the model composes, and apply it to the keyed sponge construction. The security analyses exactly pinpoint how the presence of linear invariances affects the bounds compared with analyses in the random permutation model. As such, they give an exact indication how invariances can be exploited. From a practical side, we apply the derived security bounds to the case where the Even-Mansour construction is instantiated with the 512-bit ChaCha permutation, and derive a distinguishing attack against Even-Mansour-ChaCha in $$2^{128}$$

2
128

queries, faster than the birthday bound. Comparable results are derived for instantiation using the 200-bit Keccak permutation without round constants (attack in $$2^{50}$$

2
50

queries), the 1024-bit CubeHash permutation (attack in $$2^{256}$$

2
256

queries), and the 384-bit Gimli permutation without round constants (attack in $$2^{96}$$

2
96

queries). The attacks do not invalidate the security of the permutations themselves, but rather they demonstrate the tightness of our bounds and confirm that care should be taken when employing a cryptographic primitive that has nontrivial linear invariances.
Beyond virology: environmental constraints of the first wave of COVID-19 cases in Italy
Authors: Mulder Christian , Conti Erminia , Saccone Salvatore , Federico Concetta 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGlobal warming and air pollution affect the transmission pathway and the survival of viruses, altering the human immune system as well. The first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic dramatically highlights the key roles of climate and air chemistry in viral epidemics. The elongated form of the Italian peninsula and the two major islands (the largest in Europe) is a perfect case study to assess some of these key roles, as the fate of the virus is mirroring the industrialization in the continental part of our country. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5), geography, and climate explain what is happening in Italy and support cleaner air actions to address efficiently other outbreaks. Besides the environmental factors, future works should also address the genetic difference among individuals to explain the spatial variability of the human response to viral infections.
Prognostic factors of post-traumatic stress disorder risk in patients with surgical treatment of hip acetabular fracture. Original study
Authors: Truszczyńska-Baszak Aleksandra , Guszkowska Monika , Dadura Emilia , Tarnowski Adam 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess the risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder in patients after hip acetabular fracture surgery. The study involved 42 patients fulfilling inclusion criteria. Physical ability levels of the patients were determined with the Harris Hip Score, and modified Merle d’Aubigné scale. High risk of post-traumatic stress disorder was assessed with the PTSD-C questionnaire. Patients had in PTSD-C questionnaire 42.86 ± 28,10 points. In Harris Hip Score 63.64 ± 16.06, in Merle scale 11.10 ± 2.82, that was poor results in both scales. Positive correlation with age reached the level of tendency (ρ = 0.294; p = 0.059). Patients at risk of PTSD were in worse functional state measured by HHS (U = 136.0; p = 0.034) and Merle scale (U = 132.0; p = 0.026) and they were older (U = 147.5; p = 0.068). The groups differed significantly in gender ratio (χ2 = 4.01; p = 0.045). Women (8/10) were more often than men (14/32) at risk of PTSD. Patients after surgical fixation of the acetabulum experience significant functional disability. Increased level of disability after fracture and surgery, older age and female sex make patients vulnerable to PTSD. It is advisable to make medical staff who treat accident victims aware towards aspects which may be related to disorders of the patients’ psychological health.
Üben!
Authors: Giese Martin , Brinkmann Malte 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag geht von der Annahme aus, dass das Üben in der Sportpädagogik eine vergessene und verkannte Praxis ist, obwohl das Üben eine elementare Praxis der Sportpädagogik darstellt und kaum eine Unterrichtsstunde ohne Übungsphasen auszukommen vermag. Eine systematische und theoretisch elaborierte Auseinandersetzung mit dem Übungsbegriff steht in der Sportpädagogik bisher aus. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Bestandsaufnahme verfolgt der Beitrag das Ziel, eine sportpädagogische Theorie des Übens in bildungstheoretischer Perspektive zur Diskussion zu stellen. Die bildungstheoretische Perspektive macht dabei deutlich, dass im Einüben einer Fertigkeit auch das Ausüben einer Fähigkeit stattfindet. Üben ist nicht nur etwas üben, sondern immer auchsich selbst üben. Als soziale und edukative Tätigkeit, die darauf abzielt, jemand anderen zum Üben anzuregen, betrifft die Übung das Verhältnis des Übenden zu sich, zu anderen und zur Welt, wobei es zu einer Transformation dieses Verhältnisses im Sinne einer bildenden Erfahrung kommen kann. Da sich von den Strukturen des Übens und Lernens nicht unvermittelt auf das Lehren und die Übung schließen lässt, werden aus den bildungstheoretischen Überlegungen schlussendlich auch didaktische Grundlagen der Übung im Sportunterricht abgeleitet.
A reassessment of several erstwhile methods for isolating DNA fragments from agarose gels
Authors: Gao Xia , Zhang Keyin , Lu Tianzhu , Zhao Yan , Zhou Haiyan , Yu Yanqin , Zellmer Lucas , He Yan , Huang Hai , Joshua Liao Dezhong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMolecular biology research often requires extraction of DNA fragments from agarose gels. In the past decades, there have been many methods developed for this purpose. Currently most researchers, especially novices, use commercial kits for this extraction, although these kits cost money and the procedures involved are not necessarily easier than some erstwhile methods. We herein reintroduce and reassess several simple and cost-free older methods. One method involves excising a slice of the gel containing the DNA fragment, followed by a thaw-and-freeze procedure to release the DNA from the gel slice into the gel-making buffer. The second method involves a dialysis tubing and requires electroelution of the DNA from the gel slice in the tubing. The third one is to centrifuge the gel slice to release the DNA. The fourth method requires electro-transfer of the DNA from the gel into a filter paper, while the fifth one includes either allowing the DNA in the slice to be dissolved into a buffer or dissolving the DNA-containing gel slice, followed by DNA precipitation with ethanol or isopropanol. The strengths and weaknesses of these methods are discussed to assist researchers in making their choice. We also point out that some of the end uses of the DNA fragment in the agarose gel may not actually require extraction of the DNA. For instance, a tiny DNA-containing gel block or filter paper can be directly used as the template in a nested or semi-nested polymerase chain reaction to preliminarily determine the identity of the DNA fragment.
A completely reusable aerospace system based on subsonic carrier with the return of the first stages to the starting point
Authors: Buzuluk V. I. , Mikhalyov S. M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe concept of aerospace system based on air launch from subsonic twin-fuselage aircraft and the rocket launch into orbit is investigated. The scheme of aerospace system trajectory providing a return to the starting point both of the carrier and the first rocket stage with liquid-fuel motors is proposed. It was shown that the use of subsonic carrier as a launching platform of the rocket system increases the payload mass by 1.2% of the rocket segment MTOW as compared to autonomous ground take-off. The comparative analysis of three versions of carrier aircraft and three fuel options at the first rocket stage was carried out. Analysis showed that compared to kerosene variant the hydrogen hypersonic booster makes it possible to significantly increase the payload mass while the launching costs stay the same.
Fibonacci numbers in graphs with strong (1, 1, 2)-kernels
Authors: Bednarz Urszula , Włoch Iwona 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we study strong (1, 1, 2)-kernels in graphs which generalize classical kernels, (1, 2)-kernels and 2-dominating kernels, simultaneously. We give a complete characterization of trees with a strong (1, 1, 2)-kernel. Moreover, we present some realization theorems and show connections between the number of strong (1, 1, 2)-kernels and Fibonacci and Lucas numbers.
On a class of analytic functions related to Robertson’s formula and subordination
Authors: Lecko Adam , Murugusundaramoorthy Gangadharan , Sivasubramanian Srikandan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we define and study a class of analytic functions in the unit disc by modification of the well-known Robertson’s analytic formula for starlike functions with respect to a boundary point combined with subordination. An integral representation and growth theorem are proved. Early coefficients and the Fekete–Szegö functional are also estimated.
Melting Cell Based Compensated Design Method for Improving Dimensional Accuracy of Additively Manufactured Thin Channels
Authors: Sun Li , Ren Xiaobo , He Jianying , Zhang Zhiliang 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPowder-bed fusion additive manufacturing technology makes it possible to produce parts with complicated geometry and high accuracy. However, dimensional deviation caused by powder overmelting and dross formation is still a challenge for manufacturing thin channels. In this study, the origins of the overmelting of printed thin channels were analyzed and a concept called “melting cell” is proposed to describe and quantify the geometric error. Based on the geometrical relationship between the melting cell and target channel, a method for predicting and optimizing the final geometry of thin channels is outlined. In order to verify the method, geometries of thin horizontal circular channels in various sizes are studied as examples. The predicted results by the proposed method show a remarkable agreement with available experimental results. Moreover, a new egg-shaped compensated design, which is able to improve the dimensional accuracy of thin horizontal circular channels, is presented. The proposed method is simple yet very effective. It can be easily extended to the manufacturing of thin channels with various shapes, materials, and different powder bed fusion processes.
Stance detection using improved whale optimization algorithm
Authors: Pandey Avinash Chandra , Tikkiwal Vinay Anand 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNews is a medium that notifies people about the events that had happened worldwide. The menace of fake news on online platforms is on the rise which may lead to unwanted events. The majority of fake news is spread through social media platforms, since these platforms have a great reach. To identify the credibility of the news, various spam detection methods are generally used. In this work, a new stance detection method has been proposed for identifying the stance of fake news. The proposed stance detection method is based on the capabilities of an improved whale optimization algorithm and a multilayer perceptron. In the proposed model, weights and biases of the multilayer perceptron are updated using an improved whale optimization algorithm. The efficacy of the proposed optimized neural network has been tested on five benchmark stance detection datasets. The proposed model shows better results over all the considered datasets. The proposed approach has theoretical implications for further studies to examine the textual data. Besides, the proposed method also has practical implications for developing systems that can result conclusive reviews on any social problems.
Rethinking Montage: Berlin Alexanderplatz’s Paper Trails
Authors: Maskarinec Malika 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article takes up the concept of montage that has defined scholarship on Alfred Döblin’s Berlin Alexanderplatz: Die Geschichte von Franz Biberkopf (1929) since its publication. Against interpretations that understand the novel’s technique of montage as related to film and the avant-garde, I show that the novel is more strongly tied to paper objects and practices, above all the nineteenth-century serial novel and its medial environment in the newspaper. Approaching the novel from this perspective directs attention – in opposition to the scholarship that has emphasized the experience of disruption produced by montage – to the significance of the plot and its highly gendered violence.
Update Osteoporose
Authors: Stute Petra , Meier Christian 
Published: February 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Osteoporose betrifft vorwiegend Frauen nach der Menopause. Sie zählt zu den sog. chronischen nichtübertragbaren Erkrankungen. Die Schweizerische Vereinigung gegen Osteoporose (SVGO) hat 2020 ihre Empfehlungen zur Prävention, Diagnostik und Therapie aktualisiert. Neu ist eine Risikostratifizierung mit entsprechenden Therapieempfehlungen. Die Aufgabe der Frauenärzte/-innen liegt v. a. im Bereich der Prävention, Risikostratifizierung und Therapie der Frauen mit niedrigem bzw. moderatem Frakturrisiko.
Biochemical transmutation in Lumbricus terrestris and phytoextraction of heavy metals from the swamp of Challawa industrial layout, Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Arise R. O. , Basiru D. I. , Olufemi O. , Adeoye R. I. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDischarge of untreated industrial effluents has been associated with soil contamination. Biochemical alterations in Lumbricus terrestris and remediation capacity of Azadirachta indica tree from industrial effluent discharge locations in Challawa (A and B) and Kura village (control location C) were assessed. Levels of nitrate, phosphate, iron, chloride, and hardness at locations A and B were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those at location C, but their sulfate concentrations were significantly (p <  0.05) weaker. pH and magnesium concentration at location A were significantly higher than those at locations B and C. Levels of Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb and Mn in soils at the discharge locations were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than those of C. Azadirachta indica tree (AIT) had a translocation factor (TF) > 1 for Pb and Zn, while its biological concentration factor (BCF) was > 1 for Fe. Values of biological accumulation coefficient (BAC) for AIT and soil contamination factor (CF) were < 1 for the metals. Bioindicators of oxidative stress (MDA, GST, CAT and SOD) in earthworm supernatants from the discharge locations were significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared to that at location C, while their GSH levels were significantly (p < 0.05) lower. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in earthworm supernatants from discharge locations was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in comparison with the control. Trends in results revealed that AIT may be useful for extraction and stabilization of heavy metals in polluted soils. Also, the biochemical alterations in L. terrestris may serve as sensitive bioindicators of soil contamination.
Expanding the Coverage of Metabolic Landscape in Cultivated Rice with Integrated Computational Approaches
Authors: Li Xuetong , Zhou Hongxia , Xiao Ning , Wu Xueting , Shan Yuanhong , Chen Longxian , Wang Cuiting , Wang Zixuan , Huang Jirong , Li Aihong , Li Xuan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Genome-scale metabolomics analysis is increasingly used for pathway and function discovery in the post-genomics era. The great potential offered by developed mass spectrometry (MS)-based technologies has been hindered, since only a small portion of detected metabolites were identifiable so far. To address the critical issue of low identification coverage in metabolomics, we adopted a deep metabolomics analysis strategy by integrating advanced algorithms and expanded reference databases. The experimental reference spectra and in silico reference spectra were adopted to facilitate the structural annotation. To further characterize the structure of metabolites, two approaches were incorporated into our strategy, i.e., structural motif search combined with neutral loss scanning and metabolite association network. Untargeted metabolomics analysis was performed on 150 rice cultivars using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-Orbitrap MS. Consequently, a total of 1939 out of 4491 metabolite features in the MS/MS spectral tag (MS2T) library were annotated, representing an extension of annotation coverage by an order of magnitude in rice. The differential accumulation patterns of flavonoids between indica and japonica cultivars were revealed, especially O-sulfated flavonoids. A series of closely-related flavonolignans were characterized, adding further evidence for the crucial role of tricin-oligolignols in lignification. Our study provides an important protocol for exploring phytochemical diversity in other plant species.
Integrating Genomic and Transcriptomic Data to Reveal Genetic Mechanisms Underlying Piao Chicken Rumpless Trait
Authors: Wang Yun-Mei , Khederzadeh Saber , Li Shi-Rong , Otecko Newton Otieno , Irwin David M. , Thakur Mukesh , Ren Xiao-Die , Wang Ming-Shan , Wu Dong-Dong , Zhang Ya-Ping 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Piao chicken, a rare Chinese native poultry breed, lacks primary tail structures, such as pygostyle, caudal vertebra, uropygial gland, and tail feathers. So far, the molecular mechanisms underlying tail absence in this breed remain unclear. In this study, we comprehensively employed comparative transcriptomic and genomic analyses to unravel potential genetic underpinnings of rumplessness in Piao chicken. Our results reveal many biological factors involved in tail development and several genomic regions under strong positive selection in this breed. These regions contain candidate genes associated with rumplessness, including Irx4, Il18, Hspb2, and Cryab. Retrieval of quantitative trait loci (QTL) and gene functions implies that rumplessness might be consciously or unconsciously selected along with the high-yield traits in Piao chicken. We hypothesize that strong selection pressures on regulatory elements might lead to changes in gene activity in mesenchymal stem cells of the tail bud. The ectopic activity could eventually result in tail truncation by impeding differentiation and proliferation of the stem cells. Our study provides fundamental insights into early initiation and genetic basis of the rumpless phenotype in Piao chicken.
Biogeographic and Evolutionary Patterns of Trace Element Utilization in Marine Microbial World
Authors: Xu Yinzhen , Cao Jiayu , Jiang Liang , Zhang Yan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Trace elements are required by all organisms, which are key components of many enzymes catalyzing important biological reactions. Many trace element-dependent proteins have been characterized; however, little is known about their occurrence in microbial communities in diverse environments, especially the global marine ecosystem. Moreover, the relationships between trace element utilization and different types of environmental stressors are unclear. In this study, we used metagenomic data from the Global Ocean Sampling expedition project to identify the biogeographic distribution of genes encoding trace element-dependent proteins (for copper, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, and selenium) in a variety of marine and non-marine aquatic samples. More than 56,000 metalloprotein and selenoprotein genes corresponding to nearly 100 families were predicted, becoming the largest dataset of marine metalloprotein and selenoprotein genes reported to date. In addition, samples with enriched or depleted metalloprotein/selenoprotein genes were identified, suggesting an active or inactive usage of these micronutrients in various sites. Further analysis of interactions among the elements showed significant correlations between some of them, especially those between nickel and selenium/copper. Finally, investigation of the relationships between environmental conditions and metalloprotein/selenoprotein families revealed that many environmental factors might contribute to the evolution of different metalloprotein and/or selenoprotein genes in the marine microbial world. Our data provide new insights into the utilization and biological roles of these trace elements in extant marine microbes, and might also be helpful for the understanding of how these organisms have adapted to their local environments.