bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hysteretic device characteristics indicate cardiac contractile state for guiding mechanical circulatory support device use
Authors: Chang Brian Y. , Zhang Zhengyang , Feng Kimberly , Josephy Noam , Keller Steven P. , Edelman Elazer R. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock remain highly morbid conditions despite prompt medical therapy in critical care settings. Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is a promising therapy for these patients, yet remains managed with open-loop control. Continuous measure of cardiac function would support and optimize MCS deployment and weaning. The nature of indwelling MCS provides a platform for attaining this information. This study investigates how hysteresis modeling derived from MCS device signals can be used to assess contractility changes to provide continuous indication of changing cardiac state. Load-dependent MCS devices vary their operation with cardiac state to yield a device–heart hysteretic interaction. Predicting and examining this hysteric relation provides insight into cardiac state and can be separated by cardiac cycle phases. Here, we demonstrate this by predicting hysteresis and using the systolic portion of the hysteresis loop to estimate changes in native contractility. This study quantified this measurement as the enclosed area of the systolic portion of the hysteresis loop and correlated it with other widely accepted contractility metrics in animal studies (n = 4) using acute interventions that alter inotropy, including a heart failure model. Clinical validation was performed in patients (n = 8) undergoing Impella support.

Results
Hysteresis is well estimated from device signals alone (r = 0.92, limits of agreement: − 0.18 to 0.18). Quantified systolic area was well correlated in animal studies with end-systolic pressure–volume relationship (r = 0.84), preload recruitable stroke work index (r = 0.77), and maximum slope of left ventricular pressure (dP/dtmax) (r = 0.95) across a range of inotropic conditions. Comparable results were seen in patients with dP/dtmax (r = 0.88). Diagnostic capability from ROC analysis yielded AUC measurements of 0.92 and 0.90 in animal and patients, respectively.

Conclusions
Mechanical circulatory support hysteretic behavior can be well modeled using device signals and used to estimate contractility changes. Contractility estimate is correlated with other accepted metrics, captures temporal trends that elucidate changing cardiac state, and is able to accurately indicate changes in inotropy. Inherently available during MCS deployment, this measure will guide titration and inform need for further intervention.
Seasonality, shelf life and storage atmosphere are main drivers of the microbiome and E. coli O157:H7 colonization of post-harvest lettuce cultivated in a major production area in California
Authors: Leonard Susan R. , Simko Ivan , Mammel Mark K. , Richter Taylor K. S. , Brandl Maria T. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Lettuce is linked to recurrent outbreaks of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections, the seasonality of which remains unresolved. Infections have occurred largely from processed lettuce, which undergoes substantial physiological changes during storage. We investigated the microbiome and STEC O157:H7 (EcO157) colonization of fresh-cut lettuce of two cultivars with long and short shelf life harvested in the spring and fall in California and stored in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) at cold and warm temperatures.

Results
Inoculated EcO157 declined significantly less on the cold-stored cultivar with short shelf life, while multiplying rapidly at 24 °C independently of cultivar. Metagenomic sequencing of the lettuce microbiome revealed that the pre-storage bacterial community was variable but dominated by species in the Erwiniaceae and Pseudomonadaceae. After cold storage, the microbiome composition differed between cultivars, with a greater relative abundance (RA) of Erwiniaceae and Yersiniaceae on the cultivar with short shelf life. Storage at 24 °C shifted the microbiome to higher RAs of Erwiniaceae and Enterobacteriaceae and lower RA of Pseudomonadaceae compared with 6 °C. Fall harvest followed by lettuce deterioration were identified by recursive partitioning as important factors associated with high EcO157 survival at 6 °C, whereas elevated package CO2 levels correlated with high EcO157 multiplication at 24 °C. EcO157 population change correlated with the lettuce microbiome during 6 °C storage, with fall microbiomes supporting the greatest EcO157 survival on both cultivars. Fall and spring microbiomes differed before and during storage at both temperatures. High representation of Pantoea agglomerans was a predictor of fall microbiomes, lettuce deterioration, and enhanced EcO157 survival at 6 °C. In contrast, higher RAs of Erwinia persicina, Rahnella aquatilis, and Serratia liquefaciens were biomarkers of spring microbiomes and lower EcO157 survival.

Conclusions
The microbiome of processed MAP lettuce evolves extensively during storage. Under temperature abuse, high CO2 promotes a lettuce microbiome enriched in taxa with anaerobic capability and EcO157 multiplication. In cold storage, our results strongly support a role for season and lettuce deterioration in EcO157 survival and microbiome composition, suggesting that the physiology and microbiomes of fall- and spring-harvested lettuce may contribute to the seasonality of STEC outbreaks associated with lettuce grown in coastal California.
Post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination venous sinus thrombosis: a literature review of 308 cases
Authors: Finsterer Josef , Zarrouk Sinda 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThere is accumulating evidence that SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations can be complicated by venous sinus thrombosis (VST). This review aimed at summarising and discussing previous and recent advances regarding the diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment, and outcome of post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination VST. At least 308 patients with post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination VST have been reported as per the end of July 2021. Ages among these 308 patients ranged between 22 and 81 years, 69 were male and 197 were female. Post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination VST most commonly occurred with the ChAdOx1-S vaccine followed by the BNT126b2 vaccine. In the vast majority of cases, VST occurred after the first dose. Only in six patients did VST occur after the second dose. Latency between vaccination and onset of VST ranged between 0 and 24 days. Regarding treatment, most patients received heparin followed by oral anticoagulants. Seven patients received IVIGs and six patients received steroids because of concomitant vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. Complete recovery was reported in 5 patients. Partial recovery was reported in 9 patients. Eight patients were alive or discharged. Sixty-two patients died. The outcome was not specified in the remainder. In conclusion, SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations can be complicated by VST. There is female preponderance and the outcome is frequently poor.
Effect of experimental moringa and propolis toothpastes on surface microhardness of simulated hypersensitive dentin
Authors: Riad Hoda R. , Mosallam Osama S. , Salama Alaa H. , Moharam Lamiaa M. , Zaazou Mohamed H , Niazi Hanan A. , Ibrahim Mokhtar N. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective
Objective was to investigate the effect of NovaMin toothpaste and two experimental toothpastes on surface microhardness of hypersensitive dentin.

Methods
Eighty specimens were prepared and divided randomly into eight groups (n = 10/group) according to the tested toothpastes (NovaMin, moringa and propolis toothpastes) and the acidic challenge (with or without 6% citric acid challenge). Enamel surfaces were removed, and the dentin surfaces were exposed on which the three tested toothpastes were brushed twice a day for 1 week using an electric toothbrush, then a 4-d citric acid cycling model with pH 5 was performed. The prepared specimens were stored in artificial saliva until the microhardness test was performed. Statistical analysis was done using One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc test.

Results
NovaMin-containing toothpaste showed an increased dentin surface microhardness following a week of twice daily brushing compared to other groups. However, NovaMin-containing toothpaste showed the highest microhardness values following pH cycling with citric acid of pH 5 compared to other tested groups.

Conclusions
NovaMin-containing toothpaste showed a partial recovery of dentin microhardness at pH 5 during the acidic challenge. Moreover, propolis- and moringa-containing toothpastes had an insignificant effect on dentin surface microhardness with and without citric acid challenge.
Influence of parental anxiety on children’s behaviour during their visits to dental clinic: a short clinical study
Authors: Thribhuvanan Lakshmi , Saravanakumar M. S. , Anjana G. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundAnxiety and fear of dental treatment in children have been recognized as sources of serious health problems. Parents are known to subtly transmit feelings of fear and anxiety to their children Commonly which has influence on children’s dental anxiety are maintenance of general health of the child, past dental history, oral hygiene practices and attitudes in the family towards oral health and high dental anxiety of parents, all of these contributed to sustained and elevated levels of children’s dental anxiety.AimThis study was undertaken to evaluate the influence of parental anxiety on their children during their visit to dental clinics.ObjectiveTo determine the relationship between parental anxiety level and that of a child.MethodsA short clinical study was performed to assess the influence of parental anxiety on their children during their visit to dental clinics. Twenty subjects were randomly selected and their parents were given the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale Questionnaire (MDAS) and their physiologic parameters were measured during each visit. Similarly, the children’s responses were analyzed using the Facial Image Scale (FIS) and their physiologic parameters were measured.ResultsThe values show a positive correlation (P < 0.05) between the scores (MDAS and FIS) and physiologic parameters (blood pressure and heart rate) of parents and their children.ConclusionThe dental anxiety levels in parents influence the anxiety levels in children.
DIPS (Dystonia Image-based Programming of Stimulation: a prospective, randomized, double-blind crossover trial)
Authors: Lange Florian , Roothans Jonas , Wichmann Tim , Gelbrich Götz , Röser Christoph , Volkmann Jens , Reich Martin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Deep brain stimulation of the internal globus pallidus is an effective treatment for dystonia. However, there is a large variability in clinical outcome with up to 25% non-responders even in highly selected primary dystonia patients. In a large cohort of patients we recently demonstrated that the variable clinical outcomes of pallidal DBS for dystonia may result to a large degree by the exact location and stimulation volume within the pallidal region. Here we test a novel approach of programing based on these insights: we first defined probabilistic maps of anti-dystonic effects by aggregating individual electrode locations and volumes of tissue activated of > 80 patients collected in a multicentre effort. We subsequently modified the algorithms to be able to test all possible stimulation settings of de novo patients in silico based on the expected clinical outcome and thus potentially predict the best possible stimulation parameters for the individual patients.

Methods
Within the framework of a BMBF-funded study, this concept of a computer-based prediction of optimal stimulation parameters for patients with dystonia will be tested in a randomized, controlled crossover study. The main parameter for clinical efficacy and primary endpoint is based on the blinded physician rating of dystonia severity reflected by Clinical Dystonia Rating Scales for both interventions (best clinical settings and model predicted settings) after 4 weeks of continuous stimulation. The primary endpoint is defined as “successful treatment with model predicted settings” (yes or no). The value is “yes” if the motor symptoms with model predicted settings are equal or better (tolerance 5% of absolute difference in percentages) to clinical settings. Secondary endpoints will include measures of quality of life, calculated energy consumption of the neurostimulation system and physician time for programming.

Perspective
We envision, that computer-guided deep brain stimulation programming in silico might provide optimal stimulation settings for patients with dystonia without the burden of months of programming sessions. The study protocol is designed to evaluate which programming method is more effective in controlling motor symptom severity and improving quality of life in dystonia (best clinical settings and model predicted settings).
Trial registration Registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on Oct 27, 2021 (NCT05097001).
Genetic structure and evolutionary diversity of mating-type (MAT) loci in Hypsizygus marmoreus
Authors: Wang Gang , Wang Yuanyuan , Chen Lianfu , Wang Hongbo , Guo Lin , Zhou Xuan , Dou Meijie , Wang Baiyu , Lin Jingxian , Liu Lei , Wang Zhengchao , Deng Youjin , Zhang Jisen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe mating compatibility in fungi is generally governed by genes located within a single or two unlinked mating type (MAT) loci. Hypsizygus marmoreus is an edible mushroom in the order Agaricales with a tetrapolar system, which contains two unlinked MAT loci-homeodomain (HD) transcription factor genes and pheromone/pheromone receptor genes (P/R). In this study, we analyzed the genetic structure and diversity of MAT loci in tetrapolar system of H. marmoreus through sequencing of 54 heterokaryon and 8 homokaryon strains. Although within the HD loci, the gene order was conserved, the gene contents were variable, and the HD loci haplotypes were further classified into four types. By analyzing the structure, phylogeny, and the HD transmissibility based on the progeny of these four HD mating-type loci types, we found that they were heritable and tightly linked at the HD loci. The P/R loci genes were found to comprise three pheromone receptors, three pheromones, and two pheromone receptor-like genes. Intra- and inter-specific phylogenetic analyses of pheromone receptors revealed that the STE3 genes were divided into three groups, and we thus theorize that they diverged before speciation. Comparative analysis of the MAT regions among 73 Basidiomycete species indicated that the diversity of HD and P/R loci in Agaricales and Boletales may contribute to mating compatibility. The number of HD genes were not correlated with the tetrapolar or bipolar systems. In H. marmoreus, the expression levels of these genes at HD and P/R loci of compatible strains were found higher than in those of homonuclear/homokaryotic strains, indicating that these mating genes acted as switches for mating processes. Further collinear analysis of HD loci in interspecific species found that HD loci contains conserved recombination hotspots showing major rearrangements in Coprinopsis cinerea and Schizophyllum commune, suggesting different mechanisms for evolution of physically linked MAT loci in these groups. It seems likely that gene rearrangements are common in Agaricales fungi around HD loci. Together, our study provides insights into the genomic basis of mating compatibility in H. marmoreus.
Bilirubin levels as an independent predictor of myocarditis in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Cosgun Muharrem Said 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundMyocardial damage worsens the clinical course and prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. High total bilirubin levels have been associated with a poor prognosis in COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the total bilirubin level, a marker of heme oxygenase-1 enzyme activity, in determining myocarditis in patients with COVID-19.ResultsA total of 190 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into two groups based on their troponin positivity. The study group (n = 95) consisted of patients with high troponin, and the control group (n = 95) consisted of patients without high troponin levels. The D-dimer (727 [572–995] vs. 591 [440–790],p = 0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP) (30.0 [10–48] vs. 10.3 [5.8–15.9],p < 0.001), and total bilirubin (9.5 [8.2–12.1] vs. 7.0 [5.3–8.0],p < 0.001) levels were significantly higher in the study group. In multivariate analysis, CRP (odds ratio [OR]: 1.103; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.060–1.148;p < 0.001) and total bilirubin (OR: 1.612; 95% CI: 1.330–1.954;p < 0.001) levels were independent predictors of myocarditis in COVID-19.ConclusionsTotal bilirubin levels can be used as an early predictor of myocarditis in COVID-19 and can contribute to therapy management.
Patterns of recurrence after low-dose postoperative radiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Makino Wataru , Heianna Joichi , Ishikawa Kazuki , Kusada Takeaki , Maemoto Hitoshi , Ariga Takuro , Matayoshi Akira , Nakasone Toshiyuki , Hirakawa Hitoshi , Agena Shinya , Yamashita Yukashi , Maeda Hiroyuki , Murayama Sadayuki 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Postoperative chemoradiotherapy is recommended for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with positive margins or extracapsular extension at high risk of recurrence. However, high-dose radiotherapy in the head and neck region often causes severe acute and late radiation-related adversities. In our institution, the radiation dose has been relatively lower than that used in Western countries to reduce radiation-related toxicities. Therefore, in this study, we examined the treatment outcomes of low-dose postoperative chemoradiotherapy.

Methods
The outcomes of 90 consecutive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients who received postoperative radiotherapy between June 2009 and December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received postoperative three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy with or without concurrent systemic chemotherapy. The median patient age was 65 years. Concurrent chemoradiotherapy was administered at a total dose of 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions (daily fraction, 1.8 Gy). High-risk patients received 10.8 Gy of boost irradiation in six fractions. For radiotherapy alone, the irradiation dose was up to 54 Gy in 30 fractions and 64.8 Gy in 36 fractions for high-risk patients to increase the treatment intensity.

Results
The median follow-up period was 40.5 months. The 3-year locoregional control and overall survival rates were 67.5% and 82.7%, respectively. A significantly higher proportion of patients with oral cavity carcinoma experienced locoregional failure (p = 0.004). The acute adverse events were mild, and the only late adverse event was grade 3 dysphagia (n = 3).

Conclusion
This study suggests that de-escalation of the postoperative radiation dose can potentially reduce the severe adverse events of irradiation in patients while ensuring its effectiveness. In patients with oral cavity carcinoma, it might be necessary to increase the radiation dose.
Lumbar nerve root blocks using MRI – the effectiveness and safety of ultrasound/MRI fusion image guidance
Authors: Wilson David John , Allen Gina , Bullock Stuart , Denton Jon 
Published: December 2021

Objective: To compare the outcome of nerve root injection guided by ultrasound/MRI fusion with radiofrequency needle tracking (eTRAX©) and the same procedure undertaken by fluoroscopic guidance. Methods: This is a retrospective audit of anonymised clinical records from before and after a change in the imaging technique used to perform nerve root blocks. We studied 181 consecutive patients who had undergone a nerve root block, the first 124 guided by fluoroscopic technique and the next 57 guided by ultrasound/MRI fusion with radiofrequency needle guidance. Using pain diaries, we reviewed the outcome scores at 24 h and 2 weeks. We recorded the use of analgesia, the patient’s satisfaction, complications and the duration of the procedures. Results: Completed pain diaries were returned by 61% in the fluoroscopy group and 67% in the fusion imaging group. The visual analogue pain score was reduced at 24 h by 3.29 [standard deviation (SD) 2.35] for the fluoroscopy group and by 3.69 (SD 2.58) in the fusion group (p 0.399). At two weeks the pain reduction was 3.27 (SD 2.57) for the fluoroscopic group and 4.21 (SD 2.95) for the fusion group (p 0.083). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. The patient’s satisfaction scores were similar for both groups. The procedure by the two guidance methods took a similar time to perform. There were no serious complications in either group. One patient in the fusion-guided nerve root block group experienced paraesthesia in the nerve distribution for 2 h. Conclusion: Ultrasound/MRI fusion imaging with needle tracking is an effective alternative to fluoroscopic image-guided injection. Advances in knowledge: Fusion imaging guidance provides the same outcome as fluoroscopic guidance. Fusion imaging guidance avoids the need for ionising radiation.
Mathematical evaluation of post-radiotherapy salivary gland function using salivary gland scintigraphy
Authors: Itonaga Tomohiro , Tokuuye Koichi , Mikami Ryuji , Shimizu Akira , Sato Hiroki , Yoshimura Mana , Tsukahara Kiyoaki , Saito Kazuhiro 
Published: December 2021

Objective:
Xerostomia is the most common treatment-related toxicity after radiotherapy (RT) for head and neck carcinoma, reducing the quality of life of patients due to a decrease in salivary gland function.

Methods:
Salivary gland scintigraphy was performed to quantitatively evaluate the salivary gland functions in patients undergoing RT. It was done chronologically for 62 salivary glands of 31 patients before RT and retested 12 months later.

Results:
The salivary gland functions of most patients deteriorated post-RT and recovered when the radiation dose to the salivary gland was not high. The mean dose to the salivary gland was found to be the most reliable factor in deteriorating salivary gland function, and the tolerance dose was determined to be 46 Gy. The recovery rate of salivary gland function after 1 year of RT was 72% in the RT alone group (n = 10), 56% in the conformal radiotherapy group (n = 15), and 44% in the bioradiotherapy group (n = 6).

Conclusion:
Scintigraphy revealed that the salivary glands recovered from post-RT hypofunction when decreased doses were administered. The determined tolerance dose of 46 Gy may guide the approach to minimizing associated xerostomia in RT.

Advances in knowledge:
In this study, the average tolerated dose to the salivary glands was 46 Gy.