bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Source‐to‐sink: Regional grain size trends to reconstruct sediment budgets and catchment areas
Authors: Michael Nikolaos A. , Zühlke Rainer 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSource‐to‐sink studies and calculating sediment budgets of ancient systems are important approaches for basin analysis. Because of the enormous scale of basins, most existing studies depend on subsurface datasets. As drilling campaigns focus on structural highs or specific trap types, well datasets cover only limited subareas of entire sedimentary basins. Outcrop studies are almost always based on even more spatially limited datasets. The ramifications for basin analysis are considerable: (1) actual sediment budgets are underestimated; (2) catchment denudation rates and sizes are miscalculated; (3) predicted net:gross ratios in sink areas bear high uncertainties. This paper outlines a new workflow‐defined approach to reconstruct regional grain size profiles to better estimate sediment budgets across an entire sedimentary basin, even when datasets have spatial limited coverage. The workflow includes compilation of grain size data, transformation to mass balance frameworks, and lateral matching of local to regional grain size profiles. The approach was tested on two representative continental‐to‐marine delta systems which are covered by four spatially limited datasets while the entire sedimentary basin (sink area) is much larger. The original estimates account for only maximum 40% of the actual total sediment volume as analysed with the new approach. The new method provides significantly improved constraints for catchment (source) models as well as input parameters (sediment budget, input locations, fractions) for process‐based depositional modelling for predictions of net:gross and detailed facies proximal to distal relationships. General benefits include lower uncertainties in clastic reservoir quality prediction (hydrocarbon exploration) and provenance analysis (fundamental research).
Novel LAMC2 fusion protein has tumor‐promoting properties in ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Daisuke Hoshino , Kato Hisamori , Fukumura Kazuhiro , Mayeda Akila , Miyagi Yohei , Seiki Motoharu , Koshikawa Naohiko 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLaminins are heterotrimeric ECM proteins composed of α, β, and γ chains. The γ2 chain (Lm‐γ2) is a frequently expressed monomer and its expression is closely associated with cancer progression. Laminin‐γ2 contains an epidermal growth factor (EGF)‐like domain in its domain III (DIII or LEb). Matrix metalloproteinases can cleave off the DIII region of Lm‐γ2 that retains the ligand activity for EGF receptor (EGFR). Herein, we show that a novel short form of Lm‐γ2 (Lm‐γ2F) containing DIII is generated without requiring MMPs and chromosomal translocation between LAMC2 on chromosome 1 and NR6A1 gene locus on chromosome 9 in human ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells. Laminin‐γ2F is expressed as a truncated form lacking domains I and II, which are essential for its association with Lm‐α3 and ‐β3 chains of Lm‐332. Secreted Lm‐γ2F can act as an EGFR ligand activating the EGFR/AKT pathways more effectively than does the Lm‐γ2 chain, which in turn promotes proliferation, survival, and motility of ovarian cancer cells. LAMC2‐NR6A1 translocation was detected using in situ hybridization, and fusion transcripts were expressed in ovarian cancer cell tissues. Overexpression and suppression of fusion transcripts significantly increased and decreased the tumorigenic growth of cells in mouse models, respectively.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report regarding a fusion gene of ECM showing that translocation of LAMC2 plays a crucial role in the malignant growth and progression of ovarian cancer cells and that the consequent product is a promising therapeutic target against ovarian cancers.
Predictive value of EGFR mutation in non–small‐cell lung cancer patients treated with platinum doublet postoperative chemotherapy
Authors: Takahashi Toshiaki , Sakai Kazuko , Kenmotsu Hirotsugu , Yoh Kiyotaka , Daga Haruko , Ohira Tatsuo , Ueno Tsuyoshi , Aoki Tadashi , Hayashi Hidetoshi , Yamazaki Koji , Hosomi Yukio , Chen‐Yoshikawa Toyofumi F. , Okumura Norihito , Takiguchi Yuichi , Sekine Akimasa , Haruki Tomohiro , Yamamoto Hiromasa , Sato Yuki , Akamatsu Hiroaki , Seto Takashi , Saeki Sho , Sugio Kenji , Nishio Makoto , Inokawa Hidetoshi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Nishio Kazuto , Tsuboi Masahiro 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe mutation status of tumor tissue DNA (n = 389) of resected stage II‐III non‐squamous non–small‐cell lung cancer (Ns‐NSCLC) was analyzed using targeted deep sequencing as an exploratory biomarker study (JIPANG‐TR) for the JIPANG study, a randomized phase III study of pemetrexed/cisplatin (Pem/Cis) vs vinorelbine/cisplatin (Vnr/Cis). The TP53 mutation, common EGFR mutations (exon 19 deletion and L858R), and KRAS mutations were frequently detected. The frequency of the EGFR mutation was significant among female patients. Patients with an EGFR mutation‐positive status had a significantly shorter recurrence‐free survival (RFS) time (24 mo vs not reached) (HR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.22‐2.21; P = .0011 for EGFR mutation status). Multivariable analysis identified both the pathological stage and EGFR mutation status as independent prognostic factors for RFS (HR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.30‐2.44; P = .0003 for disease stage; and HR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.15‐2.16; P = .0050 for EGFR mutation status). This study demonstrated that the EGFR mutation has either a poor prognostic or predictive impact on a poor response to postoperative chemotherapy with platinum doublet chemotherapy for stage II‐III Ns‐NSCLC patients. This result supports a role for mandatory molecular diagnosis of early‐stage Ns‐NSCLC for precision oncology and signifies the importance of adjuvant for the 3rd generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor rather than platinum‐based chemotherapy. This study is registered with the UMIN Clinical Trial Registry (UMIN 000012237).
First case series of Polish patients with cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis and systematic review of cases from the 21st century
Authors: Badura‐Stronka Magdalena , Hirschfeld Adam Sebastian , Winczewska‐Wiktor Anna , Budzyńska Edyta , Jakubiuk‐Tomaszuk Anna , Piontek Anita , Steinborn Barbara , Kozubski Wojciech 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX) is an inborn error of metabolism caused by recessive variants in the cytochrome P450 CYP27A1 gene. CTX is said to manifest with childhood‐onset chronic diarrhea and the classic triad of juvenile‐onset cataracts, Achilles tendons xanthomas, and progressive ataxia. It is currently one of the few inherited neurometabolic disorders amenable to a specific treatment. The diagnosis may be significantly delayed resulting in permanent neurological impairment. A retrospective review of the clinical characteristics and diagnostic findings in case series of six Polish patients with CTX. Additional retrospective review of symptoms and pathogenic variants of 568 CTX available cases and case series from the past 20 years. To the best of our knowledge, this is the widest review of CTX cases reported in years 2000–2021. We report the largest cohort of Polish patients ever published, with the identification of two hot‐spot mutations. During the review of available 568 cases, we found significant differences in the clinical phenotypes and the localization of variants within the gene between Asian and non‐Asian populations. These findings may facilitate molecular testing in the Polish and Asian populations. Invariably better screening for CTX and wider awareness is needed.
An efficient clinical support system for heart disease prediction using TANFIS classifier
Authors: Sekar Jayachitra , Aruchamy Prasanth , Sulaima Lebbe Abdul Haleem , Mohammed Amin Salih , Khamuruddeen Shaik 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn today's world, the advancement of telediagnostic equipment plays an essential role to monitor heart disease. The earlier diagnosis of heart disease proliferates the compatibility of treatment of patients and predominantly provides an expeditious diagnostic recommendation from clinical experts. However, the feature extraction is a major challenge for heart disease prediction where the high dimensional data increases the learning time for existing machine learning classifiers. In this article, a novel efficient Internet of Things‐based tuned adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (TANFIS) classifier has been proposed for accurate prediction of heart disease. Here, the tuning parameters of the proposed TANFIS are optimized through Laplace Gaussian mutation‐based moth flame optimization and grasshopper optimization algorithm. The simulation scenario can be carried out using11 different datasets from the UCI repository. The proposed method obtains an accuracy of 99.76% for heart disease prediction and it has been improved upto 5.4% as compared with existing algorithms.
Fisioterapia em crianças com paralisia cerebral no Brasil: uma revisão de escopo
Authors: Furtado Michelle A S , Ayupe Kênnea M A , Christovão Isabella S , Sousa Júnior Ricardo R , Rosenbaum Peter , Camargos Ana C R , Leite Hércules R 
Published: October 2021

ObjetivoIdentificar e avaliar os estudos publicados sobre fisioterapia em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros com paralisia cerebral (PC), usando o modelo da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF).MétodoArtigos em inglês e português publicados até outubro de 2020, sem restrição de data, foram pesquisados em diferentes bases bibliográficas. Foram extraídos dados sobre as características do estudo, métricas do periódico, características da amostra, domínios da CIF explorados a partir dos componentes e desfechos das intervenções. Para caracterizar as evidências, os estudos foram classificados de acordo com os níveis de evidência do Centro de Medicina Baseada em Evidência de Oxford.ResultadosNoventa e quatro estudos foram incluídos. Crianças com PC espástica e com menores limitações nas habilidades motoras grossas foram as mais reportadas; 67% dos estudos apresentaram baixos níveis de evidência e foram publicados em periódicos sem fator de impacto. As três intervenções mais frequentes foram o conceito neuroevolutivo Bobath/terapia do neurodesenvolvimento, a terapia com vestes e a estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua. Os componentes das intervenções exploraram estruturas e funções do corpo (73,4%), atividade (59,6%) e ambiente (2,1%). Entretanto não exploraram a participação (0%). Os desfechos investigados abordaram atividade (79,8%), estruturas e funções do corpo (67,0%), participação (1%) e ambiente (0%).InterpretaçãoOs estudos de intervenções fisioterapêuticas para crianças e adolescentes brasileiros com PC, apresentam maior foco em minimizar deficiências em estruturas e funções do corpo e limitações de atividades. São necessários mais estudos, com melhor nível de evidência e foco ampliado para a participação e os fatores ambientais.
A test of adaptive divergence in a newly discovered host association of the soapberry bugJadera haematolomaon Mexican buckeye,Ungnadia speciosa
Authors: Comerford Mattheau S. , Carroll Scott P. , Egan Scott P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHost races represent an important step in the speciation process of phytophagous insects as they reflect the maintenance of genetically divergent host‐associated populations in the face of appreciable gene flow. The red‐shouldered soapberry bug,Jadera haematoloma(Herrich‐Schäffer) (Hemiptera: Rhopalidae), is an oligophagous seed predator with a history of host race evolution on plant associations in the (soapberry) family Sapindaceae. Soapberry bugs are a model group for understanding rapid ecological adaptation to their hosts, and hence good candidates for investigating evolutionary divergence in host associations over short timescales. Here, we describe the recent discovery of Mexican buckeye,Ungnadia speciosaEndl., as a host ofJ. haematolomain a region of the Chihuahuan desert including west Texas and southeastern New Mexico, USA. This host differs fromJ. haematoloma’s previously recorded hosts in the Sapindaceae in seed chemistry, ecology, and phylogeny. The tendency toward rapid, host‐associated adaptations by populations ofJ. haematolomaand the unique biology of the newly discoveredUngnadiahost create the opportunity for potential host race formation, as it overlaps geographically with two previously recorded host plants in this region – the native western soapberry tree,Sapindus saponariavar.drummondii(Hook & Arn.), and the non‐native goldenrain tree,Koelreuteria paniculataLaxm. We explore the possibility of host race formation onUngnadia‐associated insects by testing for host‐associated differentiation in morphology and feeding behaviors. We find evidence of differentiation in the length of the mouth parts, which is an ecologically relevant feeding trait between host plant species with larger or smaller seed capsules. This divergence is maintained in the face of potential gene flow by reproductive isolation in the form of habitat isolation, which we detect in host preference trials. Together, our results demonstrate that soapberry bugs associated with this newly discovered host exhibit morphological and behavioral traits consistent with host race formation, but additional work is required to confirm its state along the speciation continuum.
Genomic and environmental influences on resilience in a cold‐water fish near the edge of its range
Authors: Ackiss Amanda S. , Magee Madeline R. , Sass Greg G. , Turnquist Keith , McIntyre Peter B. , Larson Wesley A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSmall, isolated populations present a challenge for conservation. The dueling effects of selection and drift in a limited pool of genetic diversity make the responses of small populations to environmental perturbations erratic and difficult to predict. This is particularly true at the edge of a species range, where populations often persist at the limits of their environmental tolerances. Populations of cisco, Coregonus artedi, in inland lakes have experienced numerous extirpations along the southern edge of their range in recent decades, which are thought to result from environmental degradation and loss of cold, well‐oxygenated habitat as lakes warm. Yet, cisco extirpations do not show a clear latitudinal pattern, suggesting that local environmental factors and potentially local adaptation may influence resilience. Here, we used genomic tools to investigate the nature of this pattern of resilience. We used restriction site‐associated DNA capture (Rapture) sequencing to survey genomic diversity and differentiation in southern inland lake cisco populations and compared the frequency of deleterious mutations that potentially influence fitness across lakes. We also examined haplotype diversity in a region of the major histocompatibility complex involved in stress and immune system response. We correlated these metrics to spatial and environmental factors including latitude, lake size, and measures of oxythermal habitat and found significant relationships between genetic metrics and broad and local factors. High levels of genetic differentiation among populations were punctuated by a phylogeographic break and residual patterns of isolation‐by‐distance. Although the prevalence of deleterious mutations and inbreeding coefficients was significantly correlated with latitude, neutral and non‐neutral genetic diversity were most strongly correlated with lake surface area. Notably, differences among lakes in the availability of estimated oxythermal habitat left no clear population genomic signature. Our results shed light on the complex dynamics influencing these isolated populations and provide valuable information for their conservation.
Ecological succession and fine sediment accretion influence local patch dynamics of a pioneer riparian species (Typha minimaHoppe)
Authors: Popoff Nadège , Jaunatre Renaud , Le Bouteiller Caroline , Trinquier Margot , Paillet Yoan , Evette André 
Published: October 2021

AbstractChanges in environmental variables induced by ecological succession and hydrogeomorphological processes affects riparian vegetation dynamics along rivers. The biotic and abiotic factors driving local patch dynamics of riparian species is little known for early successional stages.To fill this gap, we examined local patch dynamics and frequency of occurrence of a protected riparian pioneer species (Typha minimaHoppe) and related it to several biotic and abiotic variables along the Isère River (France) from 2016 to 2019.We monitored biotic and abiotic factors related to ecological succession and sediment accretion. We implemented Linear Mixed and Generalized Mixed Models to analyze how environmental factors affected patch boundary dynamics ofT. minima. Finally, we built a Structural Equation Model to describe potential relationships betweenT. minimafrequency, height above mean water level, vegetation cover and composition.We found that a thick layer of silt and sand deposits as well as a moderate herbaceous and low shrub cover layer characterizedT. minimapatch progression close to the mean water level.Typha minimastands did not seem to expand on coarser substrates with lower herbaceous cover. Its maintenance was associated with large silt and sand deposits and high cover of herbaceous plants and shrubs well above the mean water level. The variables characterizing patch regression were not clearly identified. Finally, the interaction between bar height, vegetation cover and succession stage did not explain variations inT. minimafrequency.Our results provide knowledge about the environmental variables associated withT. minimapatch dynamics, which are useful for future conservation and restoration projects. Habitat rejuvenation through restoration of natural river flow regimes could sustain localT. minimatransplantation and large population turnover essential to the conservation of this species.
Warming and elevated CO2 promote rapid incorporation and degradation of plant‐derived organic matter in an ombrotrophic peatland
Authors: Ofiti Nicholas O. E. , Solly Emily F. , Hanson Paul J. , Malhotra Avni , Wiesenberg Guido L. B. , Schmidt Michael W. I. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractRising temperatures have the potential to directly affect carbon cycling in peatlands by enhancing organic matter (OM) decomposition, contributing to the release of CO2 and CH4 to the atmosphere. In turn, increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration may stimulate photosynthesis, potentially increasing plant litter inputs belowground and transferring carbon from the atmosphere into terrestrial ecosystems. Key questions remain about the magnitude and rate of these interacting and opposing environmental change drivers. Here, we assess the incorporation and degradation of plant‐ and microbe‐derived OM in an ombrotrophic peatland after 4 years of whole‐ecosystem warming (+0, +2.25, +4.5, +6.75 and +9°C) and two years of elevated CO2 manipulation (500 ppm above ambient). We show that OM molecular composition was substantially altered in the aerobic acrotelm, highlighting the sensitivity of acrotelm carbon to rising temperatures and atmospheric CO2 concentration. While warming accelerated OM decomposition under ambient CO2, new carbon incorporation into peat increased in warming × elevated CO2 treatments for both plant‐ and microbe‐derived OM. Using the isotopic signature of the applied CO2 enrichment as a label for recently photosynthesized OM, our data demonstrate that new plant inputs have been rapidly incorporated into peat carbon. Our results suggest that under current hydrological conditions, rising temperatures and atmospheric CO2 levels will likely offset each other in boreal peatlands.
Long‐term monitoring indicates shifting fall migration timing in monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus)
Authors: Culbertson Katherine A. , Garland Mark S. , Walton Richard K. , Zemaitis Louise , Pocius Victoria M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractEastern North American monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus)embark on a yearly migration between summer breeding grounds in the northern United States and southern Canada and overwintering sites in central Mexico, traveling up to 4300 km. This annual multi‐generational migration cycle, like many seasonal natural phenomena, may be impacted by recent changes in climate and habitat. We investigated long‐term trends in monarch abundance and fall migration timing over a 29‐year period in Cape May, New Jersey, using data collected from daily population surveys designed to track patterns of occurrence during the fall migration period through Cape May (1 Sept–31 Oct). Between 1992 and 2020, the migration midpoint, average peak migration day and first peak migration day shifted between 16 and 19 days later in the season, an average of approximately six days per decade. This observed shift in migration timing is correlated with increasing temperatures in September and October in northeastern monarch breeding grounds over the study period. Our data do not demonstrate a significant directional trend in monarch abundance over the study period, yet population data collected at overwintering sites in Mexico indicate a substantial decline over the same period. Further postponement of fall migration may lead to lower migration success and exacerbate the overall decline of this iconic species.
Community pharmacists' knowledge, attitude and practice of oral health care in Asir region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almaghaslah Dalia , Almanasef Mona , Vasudevan Rajalakshimi , Kandasamy Geetha , Venkatesan Krishnaraju , Batool Sadia , Alqadi Khawlah Awad , Alshehri Rana Dhafer , Alasmari Sumiah awdhah 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo assess community pharmacists' knowledge, attitude and practice towards oral health care in Asir region, Saudi Arabia.MethodsA prospective cross‐sectional study was carried out using a self‐administered structured questionnaire, targeting 254 community pharmacies across the Asir region. The questionnaire consisted of four domains: demographics, knowledge, attitudes and practice related to oral health care. Statistical analysis was performed using Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0.ResultsOf the 254 pharmacists, 202 respondents completed the survey, yielding a response rate of 79.5%. Almost two‐thirds (66%) of the community pharmacists exhibited good knowledge, 65% possessed a positive attitude, and 55% perceived a good practice towards oral health care. Pharmacists have shown a good understanding on dental care (p < 0.001) and oral conditions. Fifty‐five per cent (n = 119) of pharmacists preferred to have dental‐based subjects in Pharmacy curriculum.ConclusionCommunity Pharmacists possess overall good knowledge and attitude required for the provision of dental care counselling patients. They may participate in oral health development programmes to make a better practice.
Non‐oxide CMC fabricated by Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)
Authors: Abel Johannes , Kunz Willy , Michaelis Alexander , Singh Mrityunjay , Klemm Hagen 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe present study introduces an approach to additively manufacture non‐oxidic Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs) by the Material Extrusion (MEX)‐based Fused Filament Fabrication. Therefore, highly SiC particle filled thermoplastic filaments were developed containing short fibers and/or long fibers to maintain shape during the thermal treatment and exhibiting flaw tolerant behavior. Polymer Infiltration and Pyrolysis (PIP) was applied to densify the microstructure. It is shown that a low content of long fibers of about 5 % can already exhibit damage tolerance comparable to steel reinforced concrete. Thus, the mechanical behavior is different to conventional fiber composites with significant higher fiber volume content. Nevertheless, these results enable new opportunities for producing advanced complex CMC components by means of Additive Manufacturing (AM).