bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT AND MANUFACTURE OF TRACTORS AND PRIME-MOVERS BY THE STATE ENTERPRISE «KHARKIV DESIGN BUREAU OF ENGINEERING NAMED AFTER A. A. MOROZOV» AND STATE ENTERPRISE «MALYSHEV PLANT» (REVIEW ARTICLE)
Authors: Pysarska Nataliia , Iepifanov Vitalii , Nazarenko Sergej 
Published: December 2021

The review article systematizes information and studies the history of designing tractors and prime-movers at the State Enterprise «Kharkiv Design Bureau for Mechanical Engineering named after A. A. Morozov» and their manufacture by the State Enterprise «Malyshev Plant » from the origin of such production in Kharkiv to the present time. The role of Kharkiv in providing the country with special equipment is revealed. Detailed biographical information about chief designers of this technique (B. N. Voronkov, N. G. Zubarev, M. N. Shchukin, A. I. Avtomonov, M. D. Borisyuk, A. D. Motrich, M. P. Kalugin, P. I. Sagir, B. I. Kalchenko) provided, their role in the development and improvement of designs of special-purpose machines is indicated. The main technical characteristics of basic models of tractors and prime-movers are presented. The main problems in the production of these types of equipment are mentioned. The article contains information about various modifications of AT-T, their main differences and purposes are indicated.
Keywords: tractor, prime-mover, SE «Kharkiv Design Bureau of Engineering Named after A. A. Morozov», SE «Malyshev Plant», National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute»
ALGORITHM FOR EVALUATING MILITARY TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF USING MILITARY VEHICLE EQUIPMENT BY PARTS AND DIVISIONS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF UKRAINE IN THE COURSE OF BATTLE ACTIONS (OPERATIONS)
Authors: Rikunov Oleg , Kuzhelovych Viktor Viktor 
Published: December 2021

The article argues the relevance of determining the indicator of military-technical efficiency of the use of military automobile equipment by units and subunits of the National Guard of Ukraine when performing battle actions (operations). Currently, special indicators are used to assess the state of military automotive equipment, which are a numerical expression of the gauges or their relationship. Existing methods of planning technical support, methods for predicting the quantitative assessment of the military-technical efficiency indicator of the use of military automotive equipment during hostilities need further improvement. The article proposes to use a comprehensive indicator, a generalized coefficient of military-technical efficiency of using military automobile equipment during combat actions (operations), as an indicator of military-technical efficiency of using military automobile equipment in combat conditions, and to determine directions for increasing the efficiency of using military equipment.
Keywords: automotive technical support; military automotive equipment; military-technical efficiency of using military automobile equipment; performance indicators; technical readiness coefficient; machine use efficiency during battle actions (operations)
SUBSTANTIATION OF DESIGN DECISIONS OF ELEMENTS OF MILITARY OBJECTS IN CONDITIONS OF CONTACT AND PLASTIC DEFORMATION
Authors: Tkachuk Mykola M. , Saverska Mariia , Grabovskiy Andrey , Kutsenko Serhii 
Published: December 2021

New design solutions, technologies and materials are required to improve tactical and technical characteristics of military equipment. Often this implies operation in such conditions as contact interaction and elasto-plastic deformations of materials. New models and research methods are developed for better utilization of modern materials and improved performance of military equipment. They account directly for complex physical and structural nonlinearities. The properties of conventional and novel materials are determined both in bulk and on surfaces at microstructural level. This will enable physically adequate and mathematically correct analysis of stress-strain state. The new advanced design solutions will emerge through the objective-driven search by means of parametric modeling. The project will extend traditional local problem statements with newly developed variational principles that account for structural and physical nonlinearity and are suitable for parameterization. This will create the basis for fundamental analysis of torsion bar suspensions, hydrovolumetric and gear drives and other crucial components of combat vehicles, engineering solutions for domestic manufacturers of military equipment that will bring their tactical and technical characteristics to highest modern standards.
Keywords: contact interaction; stress-strain state; intermediate layer; contact pressure; contact area; plastic deformation
ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF ELEMENTS OF SUSPENSION SYSTEMS OF ARMORED VEHICLES OF LIGHT CATEGORY BY MASS (REVIEW ARTICLE)
Authors: Zinchenko Olena 
Published: December 2021

The analysis of materials on the design of light armored vehicles is carried out. The main mathematical models for modeling dynamic processes, stress-strain state in the system "combat module - hull - suspension" are considered. The publications on the design of suspension torsion bars are analyzed. To date, the analysis and synthesis are not united by a single generalized parametrical description, which would cover both technical solutions of elements of suspension of light armored vehicles, modes of motion of these machines, and properties of materials of the elements under study, and requirements for tactics and technical characteristics in general. That is, there is no corresponding theoretical base for solving the problems of parametric synthesis of elements of suspension systems, and existing mathematical models need to be improved. Therefore, the main tasks that need to be solved or improved by existing solutions are set. Also, such developments are needed that would take into account technical solutions, processes and conditions, stages of manufacture, operating conditions and combat use, that is, those that would reflect all stages of the life cycle of the elements of suspension systems for light armored vehicles.
Keywords: light armored vehicle; tactical and technical characteristics; torsion bar; suspension systems; sprung part; suspension; stress-strain state
Enhanced All-Optical Y-Shaped Plasmonic OR, NOR And NAND Gate Models, Analyses, And Simulation For High Speed Computations
Authors: Charles Ipshitha , Sreev Alluru , Krishna SabbiVamshi , Swarnakar Sandip , Kumar Santosh 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this digital era, all-optical logic gates (OLGs) proved its effectiveness in execution of high-speed computations. A unique construction of an all-optical OR, NOR, NAND gates based on the notion of power combiner employing metal–insulator–metal (MIM) waveguide in the Y-shape in a minimal imprint of 6.2 µm × 3 µm is presented and the structure is evaluated by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique. The insertion loss (IL) and extinction-ratio (ER) for proposed model are 6 dB and 27.76 dB for NAND gate, 2 dB and 20.35 dB for NOR gate and 6 dB and 24.10 dB respectively. The simplified model is used in the construction of complex circuits to achieve greater efficiency, which contributes to the emergence of a new technique for designing plasmonic integrated circuits.
Application of Pier Waste Sludge for Catalytic Activation of Proxy-monosulfate and Phenol Elimination From a Petrochemical Wastewater
Authors: Khoshtinat Feyzollah , Tabatabaie Tayebeh , Ramavandi Bahman , Hashemi Seyedenayat 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This investigation aimed to remove phenol from a real wastewater (taken from a petrochemical company) by activating peroxy-monosulfate (PMS) using catalysts extracted from pier waste sludge. The physical and chemical properties of the catalyst were evaluated by FE-SEM/EDS, XRD, FTIR, and TGA/DTG tests. The functional groups of O-H, C-H, CO32-, C-H, C-O, N-H, and C-N were identified on the catalyst surface. Also, the crystallinity of the catalyst before and after reaction with petrochemical wastewater was 103.4 nm and 55.8 nm, respectively. Operational parameters of pH (3-9), catalyst dose (0-100 mg/L), phenol concentration (50-250 mg/L), and PMS concentration (0-250 mg/L) were tested to remove phenol. The highest phenol removal rate (94%) was obtained at pH=3, catalyst dose of 80 mg/L, phenol concentration of 50 mg/L, PMS concentration of 150 mg/L, and contact time of 150 min. Phenol decomposition in petrochemical wastewater followed the first-order kinetics (k> 0.008 min-1, R2> 0.94). Based on the reported results, it was found that the pH factor is more important than other factors in phenol removal. The catalyst stability test was performed for up to five cycles and phenol removal in the fifth cycle was reduced to 42%. Also, the energy consumption in this study was 77.69 kw.h/m3. According to the results, the pier waste sludge catalyst/PMS system is a critical process for eliminating phenol from petrochemical wastewater.
Construction and Genetic Analysis of a Worldwide Core Collection of Rapeseed
Authors: Guo Yiyi , Xu Ying , Yan Tao , Jiang Lixi , Dong Jie , Wu Dezhi , Kuang Liuhui 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is an important oilseed crop, which is widely planted in the world. In a previous study, we collected 991 accessions of rapeseed from the worldwide germplasm and revealed genetic polymorphisms within these germplasm by whole-genome resequencing. However, management of such a large amount of accessions is time-consuming, laborious and costly. Therefore, we constructed a core collection of rapeseed consisting of 300 worldwide accessions based on their genetic diversity. Compared with 991 accessions, the worldwide core collection showed similar geographic distribution, the proportion of three ecotypes, nucleotide diversity and the associated SNPs of flowering time. Besides, we identified FT ortholog (BnaA02g12130D) and FLC ortholog (BnaA10g22080D) responsible for flowering time and ecotype differentiation through selective sweep analysis and genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) of flowering time using the rapeseed core collection. FT and FLC are two well-known genes regulating flowering time in Arabidopsis. These results indicate that the worldwide core collection can represent the genetic diversity of 991 worldwide accessions, which could be more efficiently used for phenotypic and genetic studies in rapeseed.
Science for Social Licence to Arrest an Ecosystem-Transforming Invasion
Authors: Mason Norman W.H. , Kirk Nicholas A. , Price Robbie J. , Law Richard , Bowman Richard , Sprague Rowan I. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The primary role for science in addressing complex environmental problems, such as biological invasions, is generally assumed to be as a guide for management decisions. However, science often plays a minor role in decision-making, with practitioners instead relying on professional experience and local knowledge. We explore alternative pathways by which science could help reduce the spread and impacts of invasive species. Our study centred on attempts to understand the science needs of three local governance bodies responsible for the management of invasive (wilding) conifer species in the southern South Island of New Zealand. We used a combination of workshop discussions, questionnaire responses and visits to field sites to elicit feedback from study participants. We applied a mixed inductive-deductive thematic analysis approach to derive themes from the feedback received. The three main themes identified were: 1) Impacts of wilding conifers and goals for wilding conifer control; 2) barriers to achieving medium- and long-term goals; and 3) science needed to support wilding conifer control.Participants identified both instrumental (e.g. reduced water availability for agriculture) and intrinsic (e.g. loss of biodiversity and landscape values) impacts of wilding conifer invasions, with long-term goals focussed on avoiding or reversing these impacts. Barriers to achieving goals were overwhelmingly social, relating either to unwillingness of landowners to participate or poorly designed regulatory frameworks. Consequently, science needs related primarily to gaining social licence to remove wilding conifers from private land and for more appropriate regulations. Participants did not perceive any need for additional scientific information to guide management decisions, relying instead on professional experience and local knowledge. International experience suggests that invasive species control programmes often face significant external social barriers. Thus, for many biological invasions the primary role for science might be to achieve social licence and regulatory support for the long-term goals of invasive species control programmes and the management interventions required to achieve those goals.
Predicting Inflation Component Drivers in Nigeria: A Stacked Ensemble Approach
Authors: Akande Emmanuel , Akanni Elijah , Taiwo Oyedamola F. , Joshua Jeremiah D. , Anthony Abel 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Our study examined the disaggregation of inflation components in Nigeria using the stacked ensemble approach, a machine learning algorithm capable of compensating the weakness of a base learner with the strength of another. This approach gives flexibility of a synergistic performance of stacking each base learner and produces a formidable model that yields the highest level of accuracy and best predictive ability. We analyzed the test data, out-of-sample, and our results show a strong accuracy in predicting inflation. Our results further show that food CPI is the most important driver for headline, urban, and rural inflation while bread and cereals is the most important driver for food inflation. However, biscuits, agric rice, garri white are among the top main drivers of bread and cereal inflation. We note that some CPI items that mostly drive inflation have lower weights while others have higher weights therefore, focusing entirely on CPI weights as a policy guide will stymied a successful control of inflation in Nigeria. In addition, ignoring CPI items with lower weights in policy intervention will make inflation difficult to control. Above all, adequate trace of the source of inflation to the least sub-component of each component will help address or formulates an appropriate policy to confront inflation problems in Nigeria.JEL: C53, E37
The Immediate Impact of Physical Function and Quality of Life After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Lee YeJi , Kim Inho , Koh YoungIl , Shin DongYeop , Hong JunShik , Lee CHANG WON , Seo Kwan Sik 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Although hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a curative treatment for hematologic malignancies, HSCT survivors often experience declined physical function and quality of life (QoL). However, the physical function and QoL changes in acute posttransplant patients remain unclear. This study aimed to monitor changes in physical function and QoL after HSCT. Method: This retrospective controlled cohort study included 107 HSCT patients. Physical function was evaluated weekly from admission to discharge using the de Morton Mobility Index (DEMMI). Impaired physical function was defined as a baseline raw ordinal DEMMI score of < 17 and a decrease of ≥ 2 points. We collected the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), and Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) at enrollment and discharge.Results: Based on the DEMMI scores, 41 patients (38.3%) showed impaired physical function. A notable decrease in the DEMMI score was found in the first week after HSCT. In the EORTC QLQ-C30, physical function differed between the groups at admission and discharge. The good physical function group showed better cognitive function and social function. For the SDS, the impaired physical function group showed significantly higher depression at discharge. Conclusion: A third of the patients showed physical impairment during the acute transplant period. Patients with low physical function suffered more from depression and lower QoL. Evaluating patients’ pretransplant physical function and early detection is needed as impaired physical function mainly occurs at 1 week post-transplant.
Large-Scale Engineering and Cryopreservation of hiPSC-Derived Nephron Sheets
Authors: Wiersma Loes E. , Avramut M. Cristina , Lievers Ellen , Rabelink Ton J. , Berg Cathelijne W van den 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background The generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has opened a world of opportunities for stem cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. Currently, several human kidney organoid protocols are available that generate organoids containing kidney structures. However, these kidney organoids are relatively small ranging up to 0.13 cm2 and therefore contain a small number of nephrons compared to an adult kidney, thus defying the exploration of future use for therapy. Method We have developed a scalable, easily accessible, and reproducible to increase the size of the organoid up to a nephron sheet of 2.5 cm2 up to a maximum of 12.6 cm2 containing a magnitude of nephrons. Results Confocal microscopy showed that the subunits of the nephrons remain evenly distributed throughout the entire sheet and that these tissue sheets can attain ~30,000-40,000 glomerular structures. Upon transplantation in immunodeficient mice, such nephron sheets became vascularized and matured. They also show reuptake of injected low-molecular mass dextran molecules in the tubular structures, indicative of glomerular filtration. Furthermore, we developed a protocol for the cryopreservation of intermediate mesoderm cells during the differentiation and demonstrate that these cells can be successfully thawed and recovered to create such tissue sheets. Conclusion The scalability of the procedures, and the ability to cryopreserve the cells during differentiation are important steps forward in the translation of these differentiation protocols to future clinical applications such as transplantable auxiliary kidney tissue.
Spatial-Temporal Variations and Socio-Economic Influencing Factors of Air Quality in China’s Major Cities During COVID-19
Authors: Yan Xinlin , Sun Tao 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Due to the emergence of COVID-19 in Wuhan in January 2020, the central government of China announced that Wuhan was in "lockdown," the activities of the country's citizens were restricted. This study selected three standard air quality indexes AQI, PM2.5, and PM10 of 2017-2021 in 40 major cities of seven regions in China to analyze their changes, spatial-temporal distributions, and socio-economic influencing factors. Compared with 2019, AQI, PM2.5, and PM10 decreased by 22.54%, 13.94%, and 22.30%, respectively, and the days with AQI level "A" increased from 89% to 100% during the "lockdown" in 2020. Due to different degrees of industrialization, the decline range of Northeast, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta areas is more than that of the Southwest, BTH, Northwest, and Central areas, the concentration of air pollutants shows significant regional characteristics. The AQI before and after the "lockdown" in 2020 showed significant spatial autocorrelation, and the cities' AQI in the north present high aggregation, and the cities in the south are in low aggregation. From the data at the national level, the changes of the four socio-economic factors of roadway passenger volume (RPV), construction area (CA), coal-fired power (CP), and the proportion of industrial added value in GDP (IND) significantly influenced AQI. This study gives regulators confidence that if the government implements regionalized air quality improvement policies according to the characteristics of each region in China and reasonably plans socio-economic activities, it is expected to improve China's air quality sustainably.
Bias Correction Method of High-Resolution Satellite-Based Precipitation Product for Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Iqbal Zafar , Shahid Shamsuddin , Ahmed Kamal , Wang Xiaojun , Ismail Tarmizi , Gabriel Hamza Farooq 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Satellite-based precipitation (SBP) is emerging as a reliable source for high-resolution rainfall estimates over the globe. However, uncertainty in SBP is still significant, limiting their use without evaluation and often without bias correction. The bias correction of SBP remained a challenge for atmospheric scientists. In this study, the performance of six SBPs, namely, SM2RAIN-ASCAT, IMERG, GsMap, CHIRPS, PERSIANN-CDS and PERSIANN-CSS in replicating observed daily rainfall at 364 stations over Peninsular Malaysia was evaluated. The bias of the most suitable SBP was corrected using a novel machine learning (ML)-based bias-correction method. The proposed bias-correction method consists of an ML classifier to correct the bias in estimating rainfall occurrence and an ML regression model to correct the amount of rainfall during rainfall events. The performance of different widely used ML algorithms for classification and regression were evaluated to select the suitable algorithms. IMERG showed better performance, showing a higher correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.57 and Kling-Gupta Efficiency (KGE) of 0.5 compared to the other products. The performance of random forest (RF) was better than the k-nearest neighbourhood (KNN) for both classification and regression. RF classified the rainfall events with a skill score of 0.38 and estimated the rainfall amount of a rainfall event with the modified Index of Agreement (md) of 0.56. Comparison of IMERG and bias-corrected IMERG (BIMERG) revealed an average reduction in RMSE by 55% in simulating observed rainfall. The proposed bias correction method performed much better when compared with the conventional bias correction methods such as linear scaling and quantile regression. The BIMERG could reliably replicate the spatial distribution of heavy rainfall events, indicating its potential for hydro-climatic studies like flood and drought monitoring in the study area.
Cephalexin Degradation Initiated by OH Radicals: Theoretical Prediction of the Mechanisms and the Toxicity of Byproducts
Authors: Masmoudi R. , Khettaf S. , Soltani A. , Dibi A. , Messaadia L. , BENAMIRA Messaoud 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this work, density functional theory is used to study the local reactivity of cephalexin (CLX) to radical attack and explain the mechanism of the reaction between CLX and hydroxyl radical attack leading to degradation byproducts. The reaction between •OH and CLX is supposed to lead to either an addition of a hydroxyl radical or an abstraction of a hydrogen. The results showed that the affinity of cephalexin for addition reactions increases as it passes from the gas to the aqueous phase and decreases as it passes from the neutral to the ionized form. Thermodynamic data confirmed that OH addition radicals (Radd) are thermodynamically favored over H abstraction radicals (Rabs). The ecotoxicity assessments of CLX and its byproducts are estimated from the acute toxicities toward green algae, Daphnia and fish. The formation of byproducts is safe for aquatic organisms, and only one byproduct is harmful to Daphnia.