bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Creativity of Conspiracy Theories
Authors: Bonetto Eric , Arciszewski Thomas 
Published: March 2021

AbstractConspiracy theories are narratives, they tell mostly fictional stories. In that sense, conspiracy theories are creative productions similar to other productions involving narratives, such as poems, films, or stories. However, contrary to these productions regularly studied in the field of creativity, conspiracy theories remain unexplored in this field. The present contribution proposes to consider conspiracy narratives as creative products. We discuss the extent to which these narratives meet the criteria of the standard definition of creativity and how their negative individual and societal consequences place conspiracy narratives in the dark side of creativity. We argue that this new perspective on conspiracies may partly change the way we study their construction and their psychological convenience. We finally discuss some theoretical and methodological perspectives linked to this proposition. Overall, this contribution intends to draw the attention of creativity researchers to these real‐world and abundant creative products.
Raman shifts in MBE‐grown SixGe1 − x − ySny alloys with large Si content
Authors: Schlipf Jon , Tetzner Henriette , Spirito Davide , Manganelli Costanza L. , Capellini Giovanni , Huang Michael R. S. , Koch Christoph T. , Clausen Caterina J. , Elsayed Ahmed , Oehme Michael , Chiussi Stefano , Schulze Jörg , Fischer Inga A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe examine the Raman shift in silicon–germanium–tin alloys with high silicon content grown on a germanium virtual substrate by molecular beam epitaxy. The Raman shifts of the three most prominent modes, Si–Si, Si–Ge, and Ge–Ge, are measured and compared with results in previous literature. We analyze and fit the dependence of the three modes on the composition and strain of the semiconductor alloys. We also demonstrate the calculation of the composition and strain of SixGe1 − x − ySny from the Raman shifts alone, based on the fitted relationships. Our analysis extends previous results to samples lattice matched on Ge and with higher Si content than in prior comprehensive Raman analyses, thus making Raman measurements as a local, fast, and nondestructive characterization technique accessible for a wider compositional range of these ternary alloys for silicon‐based photonic and microelectronic devices.
Comprehensive Analysis of Factors Affecting Cochlear Size: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Atalay Basak , Eser Mehmet Bilgin , Kalcioglu Mahmut Tayyar , Ankarali Handan 
Published: March 2021

ObjectivesTo determine the cochlea's average size in humans and evaluate the relationships between certain covariates and cochlear size.MethodsA systematic search on articles on cochlear size and published in English was conducted using Cochrane, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases up to September 15, 2020. Data were pooled using random‐effects with three models. The effect of demographic, clinical, and measurement‐related parameters was specifically analyzed. Meta‐regression and subgroup analyses were conducted. The overall effect estimation was made for outcomes.ResultsThe meta‐analysis included 4,708 cochleae from 56 studies. The overall length of the organ of Corti was 32.94 mm (95% confidence interval [CI]: 32.51–33.38). The first and second models revealed that age, gender, country, continent, measurement method (direct, indirect), measured structure (“A” value, cochlear lateral wall), origin (in vivo, in vitro), and type (histology specimens, plastic casts, imaging) of the cochlear material did not affect the cochlear size. However, study populations (general population, patients with a cochlear implant, and patients with congenital sensorineural hearing loss [CSNHL]) were found to affect the outcomes. Compared to the other populations, patients with CSNHL had shorter cochleae. Therefore, we developed a third model and found that the general population and patients with cochlear implants did not differ in cochlear size.ConclusionThis meta‐analysis investigated the factors that could affect the cochlear size and found that patients with CSNHL had significantly shorter cochleae, whereas other covariates had no significant effect. Laryngoscope, 132:188–197, 2022
Making realistic wave climates in low‐cost wave mesocosms: A new tool for experimental ecology and biogeomorphology
Authors: Infantes Eduardo , de Smit Jaco C. , Tamarit Elena , Bouma Tjeerd J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWave flume facilities that are primarily designed for engineering studies are often complex and expensive to operate, and hence not ideal for long‐term replicated experiments as commonly used in biology. This study describes a low‐cost small wave flume that can be used for biological purposes using fresh‐ or seawater with or without sediment. The wave flume can be used as a mesocosm to study interactions between wave hydrodynamics and benthic organisms in aquatic ecosystems. The low‐costs wave maker (< 2000 USD) allows for experimental setups which can be easily replicated and used for longer term studies; hence the term wave mesocosm. Waves were generated with a pneumatic piston and wave heights ranged between 3 and 6 cm. Maximum orbital flow velocities ranged between 10 and 50 cm s−1representing shallow coastal areas with a short fetch. The system can generate both regular waves (i.e., the wave period and orbital velocity remains constant), using a wave absorber, and irregular waves (i.e., varying wave period and orbital velocity) using a fast push and slow pull motion of the wave paddle. This wave mesocosm system is particularly useful in biogeomorphology to quantify interactions between organisms, sediment, and hydrodynamics and for aquatic ecologist aiming to simulate realistic bed shear stress where short‐ and long‐term experiments (weeks–months) can be replicated.
Micro‐Light Emitting Diode: From Chips to Applications
Authors: Parbrook Peter J. , Corbett Brian , Han Jung , Seong Tae‐Yeon , Amano Hiroshi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTypical light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) have a form factor >(300 × 300) µm2. Such LEDs are commercially mature in illumination and ultralarge displays. However, recent LED research includes shrinking individual LED sizes from side lengths >300 µm to values <100 µm, leading to devices called micro‐LEDs. Their advent creates a number of exciting new application spaces. Here, a review of the principles and applications of micro‐LED technology is presented. In particular, the implications of reduced LED size in necessitating mitigation strategies for nonradiative device edge damage as well as the potential for higher drive current densities are discussed. The opportunities to integrate micro‐LEDs with electronics, and into large‐scale arrays, allow pixel addressable scalable integrated displays, while the small micro‐LED size is ideal for high‐speed modulation for visible light communication, and for integration into biological systems as part of optogenetic therapies.
Application of intraoperative indocyanine green angiography for detecting flap congestion in the use of free deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps for breast reconstruction
Authors: Yoshimatsu Hidehiko , Karakawa Ryo , Scaglioni Mario F. , Fuse Yuma , Tanakura Kenta , Yano Tomoyuki 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe use of intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) angiography has been well documented for confirmation of arterial perfusion in transferred free flaps. However, no previous report has yet focused on whether ICG angiography can be used to detect congestion in free flaps. The present report investigates the feasibility of ICG angiography for detecting flap congestion intraoperatively through illustrative cases.MethodsFrom September 2019 to September 2020, 65 consecutive female patients who underwent breast reconstructions using a free deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap were enrolled in this study. Forty‐eight patients with 52 DIEP flaps were eligible for the study after application of the exclusion criteria. ICG angiography was performed after elevation of the flap, after completion of the anastomoses, and after inset of the flap.ResultsIn five cases (9.6%), an inadequate highlight was demonstrated with ICG angiography performed after flap elevation. All such cases were deemed congestive since robust bleeding was observed with the prick test. ICG angiography demonstrated sufficient highlight of the flap after removal of the clamp on the superficial inferior epigastric vein. In two cases (4.2%), kinking of the pedicle vein of the DIEP flap was found with ICG angiography performed after inset of the flap. In both cases, the pedicle and the flap were reinset. All flaps survived completely postoperatively.ConclusionICG angiography can detect flap congestion, and the proposed 3‐step protocol is useful for the prevention of postoperative complications.
Nursing process from theory to practice: Evidence from the implementation of "Coming back to existence caring model" in burn wards
Authors: Lotfi Mojgan , Zamanzadeh Vahid , Khodayari‐Zarnaq Rahim , Mobasseri Khorshid 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimTo develop the caring model and utilize and evaluate the effect of the model in the nursing student's learning process in burn wards.DesignA longitudinal multiphase study.MethodsIn the first phase, "Coming back to existence caring model" was developed, in the second phase, to evaluate the program, 35 students in the first semester and 31 students in the second semester of the 2017–2018 academic year were selected randomly, and their logbooks were analysed.ResultsComponents of the nursing process, based on the model, were wound management, care and documentation, early mobilization, discharge planning and patient education. The lowest nursing process utilization in both semesters was in the sexuality domain. The most nursing diagnosis was a risk for infection. In the discharge plan, education about how the patient communicates with others in the second semester was less than other educational content (61/3%). However, empowering students was remarkable.
Compactification in optimal control of McKean‐Vlasov stochastic differential equations
Authors: Mezerdi Mohamed Amine 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe study existence and approximation of optimal controls for systems governed by McKean‐Vlasov stochastic differential equations. It is well known in simple examples that in the absence of convexity conditions, the strict control problem has no optimal solution. The compactification of the set of such strict admissible controls leads to measure valued controls called relaxed controls. The space of relaxed controls enjoys nice topological properties. We prove that under pathwise uniqueness of solutions of the state equation, the relaxed state process is continuous with respect to the control variable. This means that the relaxed and strict control problems have the same value function. Moreover, we show, under merely continuity of the coefficients, that an optimal control exists in the space of relaxed controls. Under additional convexity hypothesis, we show that the optimal relaxed control is a strict control. These two results extend known results to general nonlinear MVSDEs, under minimal assumptions on the coefficients.
Prospective Observational Study Comparing Calcium and Sodium Levofolinate in Combination with 5-Fluorouracil in the FOLFIRI Regimen
Authors: Passardi Alessandro , Monti Manlio , Donati Caterina , Foca Flavia , Pagan Flavia , Rapposelli Ilario , Ruscelli Silvia , Bartolini Giulia , Valgiusti Martina , Matteucci Laura , Sullo Francesco , Sbaffi Stefania , Crudi Laura , Frassineti Giovanni Luca , Masini Carla 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Lessons Learned

Background
The objectives of this study were to compare the safety profiles of sodium levofolinate (Na-Lev) and calcium levofolinate (Ca-Lev) in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the FOLFIRI regimen and to measure the organizational impact of the introduction of Na-Lev on drug production and administration.

Methods
The study opened in November 2015 and closed in August 2019. Patients with gastrointestinal cancers who were candidates for treatment with the FOLFIRI regimen were included in this nonrandomized study. Age ≥18 years, life expectancy &lt;3 months, adequate bone marrow reserve, adequate hepatic and renal function, and an ECOG performance status of 0–2 were required. Patients in the Ca-Lev arm received a 2-hour infusion of Ca-Lev followed by 5-FU, whereas those in the Na-Lev arm received Na-Lev and 5-FU administered in a single 48-hour pump.

Results
Sixty patients were enrolled, 30 in each arm. Patient characteristics were balanced. Grade (G)1–2 adverse events occurred in 18 (60.0%) and 19 (63.4%) patients of Na-Lev and Ca-Lev cohorts, respectively, whereas G3–4 adverse events occurred in 12 (40.0%) and 11 (36.6%) patients, respectively. The use of Na-Lev enabled us to save approximately 13 minutes for drug preparation and 2 hours for treatment administration, per patient per cycle.

Conclusion
Na-Lev showed a reassuring toxicity profile and a favorable impact on drug preparation and administration.
Non‐rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas diagnosed in patients at a young age. An overview of clinical, pathological, and molecular findings
Authors: Renzi Samuele , Cullinan Noelle , Cohen‐Gogo Sarah , Langenberg‐Ververgaert Karin , Michaeli Orli , Alkendi Jalila , Kanwar Nisha , Lo Winnie , Villani Anita , Shlien Adam , Malkin David , Ryan Anne L. , Gallinger Bailey , Ingley Katrina , Hopyan Sevan , Gupta Abha , Chami Rose 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveDisease spectrum in pediatric sarcoma differs substantially from adults. We report a cohort of very young children with non‐rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma (NRSTS) detailing their molecular features, treatment, and outcome.MethodsWe report features of consecutive children (age <2 years) with NRSTS (2000–2017). Archival pathological material was re‐reviewed, with additional molecular techniques applied where indicated.ResultsTwenty‐nine patients (16 females, 55%) were identified (median age 6 months; range 0–23). Most common diagnoses included infantile fibrosarcoma (IFS, n = 14, 48%), malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT, n = 4, 14%), and undifferentiated sarcoma (n = 4, 14%). Twenty‐seven of 29 (93%) had tumor molecular characterization to confirm diagnosis. Clinical presentation included a swelling/mass (n = 23, 79%). Disease extent was localized (n = 20, 69%), locoregional (n = 6, 21%), or metastatic (n = 3, 10%). Seventeen of 29 (59%) who underwent surgery achieved complete resection (R0). Other treatments included conventional chemotherapy (n = 26, 90%), molecularly targeted therapies (n = 3, 10%), and radiation (n = 5, 17%). At last follow‐up (median 3 years; range 0.3–16.4), 23 (79%) were alive, disease‐free and six (21%) had died of disease. All patients with IFS were alive and all those with MRT died. A cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS) was confirmed in three of 10 (30%) genetically tested patients.ConclusionWe recommend tumor molecular characterization in all young patients including evaluation for CPS to optimize treatment options and prognostication.
Quality of life is an important indication for second‐line treatment in children with immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Shimano Kristin A. , Neunert Cindy , Bussel James B. , Klaassen Robert J. , Bhat Rukhmi , Pastore Yves D. , Lambert Michele P. , Bennett Carolyn M. , Despotovic Jenny M. , Forbes Peter , Grace Rachael F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe decision to initiate second‐line treatment in children with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is complex and involves many different factors.MethodsIn this prospective, observational, longitudinal cohort study of 120 children from 21 centers, the factors contributing to the decision to start second‐line treatments for ITP were captured. At study entry, clinicians were given a curated list of 12 potential reasons the patient required a second‐line treatment. Clinicians selected all that applied and ranked the top three reasons.ResultsQuality of life (QOL) was the most frequently cited reason for starting a second‐line therapy. Clinicians chose it as a reason to treat in 88/120 (73%) patients, as among the top three reasons in 68/120 (57%), and as the top reason in 32/120 (27%). Additional factors ranked as the top reason to start second‐line treatment included severity of bleeding (22/120, 18%), frequency of bleeding (19/120, 16%), and severity of thrombocytopenia (18/120, 15%). Patients for whom QOL (p = .006) or sports participation (p = .02) were ranked reasons were more likely to have chronic ITP, whereas those for whom severity (p = .003) or frequency (p = .005) of bleeding were ranked reasons were more likely to have newly diagnosed or persistent ITP. Parental anxiety, though rarely the primary impetus for treatment, was frequently cited (70/120, 58%) as a contributing factor.ConclusionPerceived QOL is the most frequently selected reason pediatric patients start second‐line therapies for ITP. It is critical that studies of treatments for childhood ITP include assessments of their effects on QOL.
Impact of nanoclay loading on the structural, thermal and dielectric properties of montmorillonite/polypropylene nanocomposites
Authors: Ben Ammar Latifa , Hammami Helmi , Fakhfakh Slim , Taktak Sirine 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe morphological, thermal and electrical properties of nanocomposites based on polypropylene (PP) filled with 2 wt% and 6 wt% of organo‐clay montmorillonite (MMT) were studied in this research. X‐ray diffraction show an increase of the inter‐lamellar distance indicating that PP chains have been well intercalated in the galleries of the montmorillonite. Transmission electron microscopy images show a good dispersion of the nanoclay with orientation parallel to the film surface. Moreover, it is also noted that an improvement in PP/MMT nanoclay interfacial adhesion with better orientation is achieved in PP2% compared to PP6%. The study of the real, ε′, and imaginary, ε″, parts of the complex permittivity shows the presence of the αc relaxation process and an interfacial polarization only in the cases of the PP2% and PP6% nanocomposites. We note a change in the activation energy value Ea(MWS) in regard to the variation of the dielectric strength parameter ∆ε(MWS). The PP2% nanocomposite has the highest value of Ea=1.027 eV, which agrees with the lowest value of ∆ε(MWS), then decreases with PP6% to the value Ea=0.962 eV. This difference reflects the highest interactions between the reinforcement (MMT nanoclay) and the matrix (PP) in the case of PP2% nanocomposite proving a good adhesion between PP matrix and MMT nanoclay and more rigid interface compared to the nanocomposite PP6%.
Interface thermal resistance and thermal conductivity of polymer composites at different types, shapes, and sizes of fillers: A review
Authors: Jasmee Solehah , Omar Ghazali , Othaman Siti Syahirah Che , Masripan Nor Azmmi , A. Hamid Husna 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe growing demand toward miniaturization and power device packaging required new die‐attach materials with high thermal conductivity (TC). Multitudinous attention is being paid to enhance the TC of thermally conductive polymer composites as it is easy to fabricate and environmentally friendly and has low‐cost processability. However, after years of extensive research, it can be concluded that reinforcing different morphologies of fillers (types, sizes, and shapes) into polymer composite creates interfacial thermal resistance (ITR) that greatly constrains the TC value. Thus, this article presents an exhaustive review in minimizing the ITR effect by optimizing the types, sizes, and shapes of the fillers used. This literature also seeks to review the use of different morphologies of fillers in single and hybrid polymer composites. It was found that hybridizing two different fillers shows remarkable TC enhancement due to its synergistic effect and formation of three‐dimensional network/conduction path. The size and shape of fillers used play a vital role in improving the TC of the polymer composite compared with the type of filler used due to more contact area created, which significantly reduces the ITR. The results presented here may facilitate improvement in the development of future work for new die attach of the thermally conductive polymer composite.
Proteomics reveals the potential mechanism of Mrps35 controlling Listeria monocytogenes intracellular proliferation in macrophages
Authors: Yuan Jiangbei , Li Zhangfu , Li Fang , Lin Zewei , Yao Siyu , Zhou Hang , Liu Wenhu , Yu Haili , Liu Yang , Liu Fang , Li Fei , Ran Haiying , Zhang Junying , Huang Yi , Fu Qihuan , Wang Liting , Liu Jikui 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMacrophages are sentinels in the organism which can resist and destroy various bacteria through direct phagocytosis. Here, we reported that expression level of mitochondrial ribosomal protein S35 (Mrps35) continued to decrease over infection time after Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) infected macrophages. Our results indicated that knockdown Mrps35 increased the load of L. monocytogenes in macrophages. This result supported that Mrps35 played the crucial roles in L. monocytogenes infection. Moreover, we performed the comprehensive proteomics to analyze the differentially expressed protein of wild type and Mrps35 Knockdown Raw264.7 cells by L. monocytogenes infection over 6 h. Based on the results of mass spectrometry, we presented a wide variety of hypotheses about the mechanism of Mrps35 controlling the L. monocytogenes intracellular proliferation. Among them, experiments confirmed that Mrps35 and 60S ribosomal protein L22‐like 1 (Rpl22l1) were a functional correlation or potentially a compensatory mechanism during L. monocytogenes infection. This study provided new insights into understanding that L. monocytogenes infection changed the basic synthesis or metabolism‐related proteins of host cells.
Functionalized acrylic polyhydroxy urethanes as molecular tool box for photocurable thermosets and 3D printing
Authors: Buchheit Hannah , Bruchmann Bernd , Stoll Klaus , Mülhaupt Rolf 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLiquid urethane (meth)acrylates represent attractive components of photocurable thermosets for applications ranging from coatings and adhesives to 3D printing. Herein we tailor liquid polyfunctional urethane methacrylates (UMA) derived from acrylic polyhydroxy urethanes. Cyclic carbonate methacrylates react with diamines to form dihydroxy‐functional urethane dimethacrylates. In an “one‐pot” process the hydroxy groups are functionalized either by reaction with 2‐isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (IEMA) or by esterification with methacrylic anhydride (MAA) and acetic anhydride (AA). The hydroxy group esterification substantially lowers the resin viscosity (26–156 Pa•s). Hydroxy functionalization with IEMA and MAA affords tetrafunctional methacrylates. The corresponding photo‐cured thermosets exhibit higher crosslinking density and improved stiffness as reflected by increasing the Young's modulus from 2900 to 3700 MPa combined with increasing the glass temperature from 135 to 204°C. Hence, this facile molecular UMA design enables to control functionality and thermoset properties over a wide range and meets the demands of 3D printing applications.