bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The contribution of neuropilin‐1 in the stability of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells through the TGF‐β1/Smads signaling pathway in the presence of lipopolysaccharides
Authors: Gao Yulei , Zhang Xiang , Wang Ziyi , Qiu Yuting , Liu Yancun , Shou Songtao , Chai Yanfen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionThis study investigates the synergistic effect of TGF‐β1 and Nrp‐1 on CD4+CD25+ Tregs' stabilization, and the associated pathways of signal transduction, in vitro models in the presence of LPS.Materials and MethodsSpleen CD4+CD25+ Tregs cells of mice models in the presence of LPS, were transfected with an shRNA targeting Nrp‐1, Smad2, or Smad3, may or may not be treated with recombinant TGF‐β1. Followed by subsequent determination of cellular proliferation, rate of apoptosis, observation of the Foxp3, CTLA‐4, and TGF‐β1m+ expression levels, foxp3‐TSDR methylation, secretion levels of the inhibitory cytokines IL‐10 and TGF‐β1, and Smad2/3 of CD4+CD25+ Tregs expression.ResultsA remarkable stimulation in CD4+CD25+ Tregs' stability is noted after administering recombinant TGF‐β1 in the presence of LPS, and promoted cellular viability, increased Foxp3, CTLA‐4, and TGF‐β1m+ expression, and elevated secretion of IL‐10 and TGF‐β1. This also inhibited the apoptosis and methylation of foxp3‐ TSDR of CD4+CD25+ Tregs. The shRNA transfection silenced Nrp‐1 and Smad3, but not Smad2, resulting in the suppression of the recombinant TGF‐β1‐mediated effects in the presence of LPS.ConclusionsAccording to the results, Nrp‐1 mediates TGF‐β1 to improve the stability of regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells and maybe a possible therapeutic target with the ability to improve the CD4+CD25+ Tregs associated negative immunoregulation that is related to the TGF‐β1/Smads cell signaling during sepsis.
Coming of Age of Computational Chemistry from a Resilient Past to a Promising Future
Authors: Sunoj Raghavan B. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractComputational chemistry has evolved over the years into a highly interdisciplinary domain of vigorous activities. This essay is a compilation of how the author viewed these myriads of achievements of computational chemistry that helped in shaping up a molecular view of the world around us. The write‐up is set in an all‐encompassing backdrop of historic, personal, and the most modern manifestations of computational chemistry.
Fetal reduction from twin to singleton gestation: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Bardin Ron , Gupta Mamta , Greenberg Gal , Nandrajog Anchal , Tenenbaum‐Gavish Kinneret , Gupta Nikhil , Perlman Sharon , Shmueli Anat , Hadar Eran 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate outcomes of fetal reduction in twin pregnancy.Search strategyPubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar were searched from 1980 through December 2020.Selection criteriaProspective or retrospective studies of pregnant women with twin gestations who had a transabdominal reduction of twin to singleton pregnancy with a comparison group of ongoing twin gestations.Data collection and analysisOutcomes were meta‐analyzed only if reported in at least three studies.Main resultsSix studies with a pooled sample of 2867 women with a twin pregnancy of whom 624 underwent 2‐to‐1 reduction and 2243 did not. In the fetal reduction group, the odds of preterm birth before 34 and 37 weeks of pregnancy were lower by 36% (odds ratio [OR] 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.48–0.86, P < 0.003) and 77% (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.12–0.44, P < 0.001), respectively, than in the control group, and the odds of hypertensive disorders and cesarean delivery were lower by 75% (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.15–0.43, P < 0.001) and 65% (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.20–0.62, P < 0.001), respectively.ConclusionTwin reduction to singleton pregnancy decreased the possibility of preterm birth, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and cesarean delivery. Sufficiently powered prospective studies are needed to support these findings.
Catch crop planting and residue incorporation to reduce nitrogen leaching in intensive vegetable greenhouse field
Authors: Kang Lingyun , Chen Shuo , Liang Bin , Qin Wei , Chen Qing 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSummer catch crop planting is commonly adapted to increase soil biodiversity and effectively reduce N leaching in intensively managed vegetable fields with double‐cropping systems (winter‐spring season and autumn‐winter season) in China. However, little has been reported on the combined effects of summer catch crops (i.e., sweet corn [Zea mays L.]) and the incorporation of their shoot residue on N transformation and mobility in the soil profile. Here, we quantified dissolved organic N (DON) leaching, N release from the incorporated residue of sweet corn, and N movement in the rootzone using the 15N isotopic labeling technique and a lysimeter in a vegetable greenhouse field. The results showed that catch crop planting in addition to shoot incorporation significantly increased DON by 127 and 158% in the leachate at a depth of 0.6 m, accounting for 40% of the total leached dissolved N at the first season, whereas catch crop planting without shoot incorporation resulted in the lowest N surplus. Approximately 46 and 69% of the total N in the root residue and shoot residue of sweet corn was measured in the collected leachates during the succeeding cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. ‘Zhongnong No. 26’) season, accounting for 8 and 62% of the total leached N, respectively. Hence, catch crop planting is feasible for removing legacy N from soil during summer fallow; however, residue incorporation should be assessed due to the increase in N leaching derived from the shoots of the catch crop in the following season.
Intrinsic circadian timekeeping properties of the thalamic lateral geniculate nucleus
Authors: Chrobok Lukasz , Pradel Kamil , Janik Marcelina Elzbieta , Sanetra Anna Magdalena , Bubka Monika , Myung Jihwan , Ridla Rahim Amalia , Klich Jasmin Daniela , Jeczmien‐Lazur Jagoda Stanislawa , Palus‐Chramiec Katarzyna , Lewandowski Marian Henryk 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCircadian rhythmicity in mammals is sustained by the central brain clock—the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus (SCN), entrained to the ambient light–dark conditions through a dense retinal input. However, recent discoveries of autonomous clock gene expression cast doubt on the supremacy of the SCN and suggest circadian timekeeping mechanisms devolve to local brain clocks. Here, we use a combination of molecular, electrophysiological, and optogenetic tools to evaluate intrinsic clock properties of the main retinorecipient thalamic center—the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) in male rats and mice. We identify the dorsolateral geniculate nucleus as a slave oscillator, which exhibits core clock gene expression exclusivelyin vivo. Additionally, we provide compelling evidence for intrinsic clock gene expression accompanied by circadian variation in neuronal activity in the intergeniculate leaflet and ventrolateral geniculate nucleus (VLG). Finally, our optogenetic experiments propose the VLG as a light‐entrainable oscillator, whose phase may be advanced by retinal input at the beginning of the projected night. Altogether, this study for the first time demonstrates autonomous timekeeping mechanisms shaping circadian physiology of the LGN.
Stronger together: Understanding when and why group ethical voice inhibits group abusive supervision
Authors: Babalola Mayowa T. , Garcia Patrick Raymund James M. , Ren Shuang , Ogunfowora Babatunde , Gok Kubilay 
Published: November 2021

SummaryIn this research, we integrate social impact theory (SIT) and social cognitive theory (SCT) to examine how group ethical voice, as a form of social influence, reduces group abusive supervision. Drawing on SIT, we hypothesize that the strength of this relationship is contingent on the group's power, size, and social distance from the group leader (i.e., interaction frequency). Results from data collected over two time periods from 521 employees in 98 work groups (Study 1) reveal that group ethical voice reduces group abusive supervision, controlling for general group voice and group performance. Furthermore, we found that the relationship between group ethical voice and group abusive supervision was strongest when the group is larger, powerful, and interacts frequently with the group leader. These findings are replicated in Study 2, a time‐lagged study of employees across three time periods. Study 2 also shows that the interactive effects of group ethical voice, group power, and social distance (but not group size) on abusive supervision are mediated by leader reflective moral attentiveness. Specifically, in powerful and socially proximal groups, group ethical voice reduces abusive supervision by fostering greater reflective moral attentiveness in group leaders.
Not Worth My Time: Applying a Value‐Based Framework of Creative Idea Appraisals to Predict Investments of Time Toward Implementing Others' Ideas
Authors: Nguyen Tin L. , Hunter Samuel T. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDrawing on an economic, value‐based framework of creative idea appraisals, we predict that the attributes of idea usefulness and novelty jointly inform people's decisions to allocate time toward collaborative implementation efforts. In a correlational design, we found support in our first study (n = 82) for an interaction between perceived idea usefulness and novelty. Specifically, perceived novelty reduced the effect of usefulness on effort (time invested) in implementation planning. Using experimental methods in our second study (n = 162), we applied expectancy theories to explain the subjective judgments behind why people might withhold effort when developing and planning the implementation of others' creative ideas. Results of this study revealed that perceived instrumentality of implementation activities mediated the joint effects of idea usefulness and novelty perceptions on implementation planning effort (as self‐reported effort and time invested). Together, both studies highlight the importance of idea appraisals in determining implementation behavior. Practical implications about cultivating support for the final production of creative ideas are discussed.
Fabrication and characterization of octenyl succinic anhydride modified pullulan micelles for encapsulating curcumin
Authors: Zhao Li , Tong Qunyi , Liu Yutong , Geng Ziwei , Yin Lichen , Xu Wentian , Rehman Abdur 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDCurcumin has become increasingly popular in functional foods and beverages field as a result of its high biological activity. Nevertheless, the application of curcumin is usually limited by its poor water solubility, low absorption, rapid metabolism and instability. Accordingly, the development of an appropriate wall material is crucial for its effective use. In the present study, curcumin‐octenyl succinic anhydride modified pullulan (Cur‐OSAP) micelles were successfully prepared by an anti‐solvent co‐precipitation method.RESULTSOctenyl succinic anhydride modified pullulan (OSAP) micelles exhibited the highest encapsulation efficiency (57.31%) and loading capacity (5.73%) of curcumin when the mass ratio of OSAP to curcumin was 10:1 and the degree of substitution of OSAP was 0.0469, at which point Cur‐OSAP micelles formed via hydrogen binding and hydrophobic interactions, as confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and fluorescence techniques. The transmission electron microscopy results showed that the Cur‐OSAP micelles were roughly spherical in shape with diameters in the approximate range 30–60 nm.CONCLUSIONThe encapsulation of OSAP greatly improved photostability and sustained release properties of curcumin in Cur‐OSAP micelles. These findings suggest that OSAP can be used as a carrier to encapsulate and protect hydrophobic food ingredients. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Valorization of lignins from energy crops and agro‐industrial byproducts as antioxidant and antibacterial materials
Authors: Verrillo Mariavittoria , Savy Davide , Cangemi Silvana , Savarese Claudia , Cozzolino Vincenza , Piccolo Alessandro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDDeveloping eco‐friendly antioxidant and antimicrobial substances originating from biomass residues has recently attracted considerable interest. In this study, two lignosulfonates and various oxidized water‐soluble lignins were investigated for their antioxidant properties, as assessed by ABTS, DPPH and Folin–Ciocalteu methods, and their antimicrobial activity against some bacterial strains responsible for human pathologies.RESULTSThe lignosulfonates showed the largest antiradical/antimicrobial capacity, whereas the other substrates were less effective. The observed antioxidant/antibacterial properties were positively correlated with lignin aromatic/phenolic content. The positive correlation between antiradical and antimicrobial activities suggests that lignin scavenging capacity was also involved in its antibacterial activity. A greater antimicrobial performance was generally observed against Gram‐positive bacterial strains, and it was attributed to the intrinsic larger susceptibility of Gram‐positive bacteria to lignin phenols. A significant though lesser inhibitory activity was also found against Escherichia coli.CONCLUSIONOur results confirmed the dependence of lignin antioxidant/antibacterial power on its extraction method and chemical structure, as well as on the type of bacterial strains. Identifying the relationship between lignin molecular composition and its antioxidant/antibacterial features represents an advance on the potential future use of renewable and eco‐compatible lignin materials in nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic sectors. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Chinese Version of the Vestibular Disorders Activities of Daily Living Scale
Authors: Xu Xin‐Da , Luo Hui‐Ping , Jie Jun‐Qin , Li Ya‐Xian , Chi Fang‐Lu 
Published: November 2021

Objectives/HypothesisTo translate and cross‐culturally adapt vestibular disorders activities of daily living (VADL) scale to Chinese population, and verify its psychometric characteristics.Study DesignA methodology study to translate, validate, and verify the reliability of the VADL scale.MethodsThe translation of the VADL from English to Chinese was carried out in accordance with the recommendations proposed by the Process of Cross‐Cultural Adaptation guideline. All 185 Subjects with chief complaints of dizziness or vertigo were continuously invited to the study from January 2021 to June 2021. Investigation using the Chinese version of VADL (VADL‐C) was completed by all the participants. Complete data from all 124 participants were used for reliability and internal consistency analysis by using SPSS 22.0.ResultsThrough careful and complete translation and adaptation, the VADL‐C was successfully created. The content validity of the VADL‐C was 0.887, the internal consistency was 0.951, and the test–retest reliability was 0.989.ConclusionsThe VADL‐C has an excellent internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and content validity. It will be a new tool to be used in China and for overseas Chinese speakers to explore the functional capacity of individuals with vestibular diseases and guide therapy planning, particularly in vestibular rehabilitation training program. Laryngoscope, 132:1446–1451, 2022
Super Strong and Tough Polybenzimidazole/Metal Ions Coordination Networks: Reinforcing Mechanism, Recyclability, and Anti‐Counterfeiting Applications
Authors: Liu Tianmeng , Huang Hong , Wang Yan , Yu Junrong , Hu Zuming 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNature has provided many delicate strategies for optimizing the structural characteristics of biological materials. One such strategy is the strengthening and toughening of matrix materials by aduandant and hierarchically arranged non‐covalent crosslinking. However, efficient strengthening and toughening of high‐performance aromatic polymers by non‐covalent bonds has rarely been reported yet. Herein, we report the preparation and characterizations of a metal coordination bonds crosslinked polybenzimidazole (PBI) network. By optimizing the synthetic parameters, the strength of copper ion (Cu2+) crosslinked PBI is improved from 87.8 to 218.4 MPa, and the toughness is increased from 19.4 to 111.9 MJ m−3, corresponding to increments of 148.7 % and 476.8 %, respectively, which surpass all previously reported non‐covalent bonds crosslinked high‐performance polymers. PBI with varied chain flexibility are then synthesized to deeply understand the stregnening and toughening mechanism. In addition, the glass transition temperature of PBI is dramatically increased by 75 °C after Cu2+ crosslinking. Moreover, the chemical recycling of PBI from crosslinekd network, and the development of a novel high‐temperature resistant or high‐temperature rewritable anti‐counterfeiting films based on Cu2+ crosslinked PBI are also demonstrated. This study is expected to shed light on design principle for future supramolecularly crosslinked and recyclable high‐performance polymers.
On Pandemic Privilege: Reflections on a “Home‐Bound Pandemic Ethnography”
Authors: Horton Sarah Bronwen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis essay examines the experience of conducting a “home‐bound pandemic ethnography”—one that toggles back and forth between the ethnographer’s own experience of the pandemic while in quarantine and the very different pandemic experiences of her Latina immigrant essential worker interviewees. Maintaining a split gaze between one’s own experience and those of one’s interviewees, a home‐bound pandemic ethnography lends itself to a kind of reflexivity and comparison that traditional ethnographic “immersion” does not. Involving the disjunctive knowledge of “being here” while listening to the very different experience of “being there,” it throws into stark relief asymmetries built deep into the ethnographic relationship. While ethnographic immersion rests on the illusion of ethnographers’ acculturation so they become a kind of insider–outsider, a “home‐bound” ethnography refuses the claims of traditional ethnography to “truly understand” the plight of the marginalized populations with whom we work. Just as critiques have emerged of anthropologists’ silence regarding our relative immunity from climate catastrophes (Jobson, Am Anthropol, 122, 2020, 259) and from state violence (Gomberg‐Muñoz, J Anthropol N Am, 21, 2018, 36) in comparison to those whom we research, the pandemic also demands an honest reckoning with the chasm that has widened anew between the lived realities of ethnographers and those of our research “subjects.” Highlighting the discomfort of disjunctive lived realities, a home‐bound pandemic ethnography creates a careful ledger of the ethnographer’s comparative privilege, and questions the very premises of ethnographic immersion.
Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs associated acute kidney injury in hospitalized children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Gong Jun , Ma Lingyue , Li Mengya , Ma Lingyun , Chen Chaoyang , Zhao Simiao , Zhou Ying , Cui Yimin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionNonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are regarded as nephrotoxins. Children commonly use NSAIDs and are susceptible to nephropathy, but the relationship between acute kidney injury (AKI) and use of NSAIDs is not well examined yet.ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between AKI and use of NSAIDs in hospitalized pediatric patients who are susceptible to nephropathy.MethodsWe conducted this systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies by searching PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Database for articles published up to June 1, 2020. Reports included involved children (age < 18 years) who used NSAIDs for various reasons and were admitted in the hospital. The main outcome measure was whether AKI occurred, and pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using generic inverse variance methods.ResultsSeven studies reporting risk of AKI in the hospitalized pediatric patients receiving NSAIDs were included applying a random‐effects model. In the hospitalized pediatric population, the pooled OR of AKI for present NSAID exposure was 1.55 (95%CI 1.26–1.92).ConclusionsNSAID exposure was associated with an approximate 1.6‐fold rise in the odds of developing AKI in hospitalized pediatric patients. Avoidance, cautious use of NSAIDs and further evidence are needed. This study was registered with PROSPERO (identifier: CRD42021219779).
α‐Fe2O3 Nanoparticles Embedded in a g‐C3N4 Nanocomposite: Optical, Magnetic and Electrochemical Study
Authors: Dutta Shubhamita , Jana Tushar K. , Maiti Ramaprasad , De Kalyanashis , Chatterjee Kuntal 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe development of low‐cost and high‐efficient electrocatalysts with multifunctionality by nanocomposite formation is an emerging route for addressing sustainable energy issues. This study reports the nanocomposite of α‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles embedded in g‐C3N4nanosheets synthesized by a facile chemical route. The synthesized nanocomposite was examined for structural, chemical, and morphological details. The optical study of the sample exhibits the potential capability of photon capture and electron‐hole separation towards photo‐excited applications. Magnetic study of the α‐Fe2O3/g‐C3N4 nanocomposite reveals that composite formation does not possess characteristic blocking temperature as present in bare α‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles at 62 K accompanying enhancement of remanent magnetization and coercivity at 5 K.The prepared nanocomposite was tested for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in an alkaline medium and it exhibited appreciable catalytic performance with considerable methanol tolerance and excellent durability. It also reveals that the composite catalyzes ORR by two steps: first by two‐electron transfer and then immediately by 4‐electron direct pathway resulting in complete reduction of oxygen to water.
Acyl Glucuronide of Oxidized Lenabasum (JBT‐101) as Human Major Metabolite: Identification, Large‐Scale Synthesis, and Activity Characterization
Authors: Deng Hongfeng , Leigh Clifton , Yang Yun , Jin Zhuang , Sun Gang , Zhang Lipeng , Feng Xiao , Moshos Kristos , White Barbara 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA metabolite identification study of the phase 3 investigational drug lenabasum (JBT‐101) pinpointed a unique acyl glucuronide (AG) as a major human metabolite. Mass spectrometry data suggested five possible isomeric structures, i. e., a C9‐carboxyl glucuronide with one of the five methyl groups having been oxidized into a hydroxymethyl group. Total synthesis of the possible metabolites confirmed 1‐((6aR,10aR)‐1‐hydroxy‐3‐((R)‐1‐hydroxy‐2‐methyloctan‐2‐yl)‐6,6‐dimethyl‐6a,7,10,10a‐tetrahydro‐6H‐benzo[c]chromene‐9‐carboxyl)‐β‐D‐glucopyranuronic acid (5 b) as the major metabolite, with its absolute stereochemistry determined by 2D NMR analysis and X‐ray crystallography. To support an animal toxicity study, robust synthetic protocols were developed for large‐scale synthesis of 5 b, which include tetrahydrocannabinol skeleton formation, SeO2‐mediated allylic oxidation, Pinnick oxidation, glucuronidation, and phenol‐mediated p‐methoxybenzyl deprotection. 5 b showed no activity on cannabinoid receptors (Ki > 5 uM) and demonstrated a half‐life of 24.2 h in potassium phosphate buffer, suggesting that it is a highly stable AG with a low risk of toxicity from covalent binding to endogenous proteins or DNAs.