bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood glucose dynamics during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and normal glucose tolerance: effects of CPAP therapy
Authors: Saito Kimimasa , Okada Yosuke , Torimoto Keiichi , Takamatsu Yoko , Tanaka Yoshiya 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Glycemic variability (GV) and hypoglycemia during nighttime are presumed to be associated with fatal bradycardia. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate blood glucose dynamics during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) and normal glucose tolerance.

Methods
Patients with OSA and no diabetes who underwent type 1 overnight polysomnography from December 2018 to May 2020 participated in this study. GV was evaluated in all participants for 14 days using a flash glucose monitoring device. Correlations were examined between GV indexes and indexes related to sleep breathing disorders, the effects of treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on these GV indexes, and the characteristics of glucose dynamics in different OSA subtypes classified by sleep stage.

Results
Among 42 patients with OSA and no diabetes, the standard deviation of GV during sleep correlated significantly with sleep time spent with oxygen saturation <90% (r=0.591, p=0.008). High blood glucose index during sleep correlated significantly with stage N1% (r=0.491, p=0.032) and negatively with stage N2% (r=−0.479, p=0.038). High blood glucose index correlated significantly with sleep time spent with oxygen saturation <90% (r=0.640, p=0.003). The rapid eye movement–related OSA group had a higher incidence of hypoglycemia. One-week with CPAP treatment significantly improved GV during sleep, standard deviation of GV (from 12.1 to 9.0 mg/dL, p<0.001), and high blood glucose index (from 0.7 to 0.4, p=0.006).

Conclusions
To evaluate GV during sleep in patients with OSA may be useful for clinical risk management. CPAP treatment for 1 week may have an improving GV and high blood glucose index.

Clinical trial registration
UMIN000038489 2019/11/04, UMIN 000025433 2016/12/27
10Be and 14C data provide insight on soil mass redistribution along gentle slopes and reveal ancient human impact
Authors: Calitri Francesca , Sommer Michael , van der Meij W. Marijn , Tikhomirov Dmitry , Christl Marcus , Egli Markus 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Spatial and temporal patterns of past erosional events are a useful and needed information to explain observed soil patterns in different landscapes. Soil thickness reflects the overall expression of pedogenesis and erosion. Forested soils of Northern Germany exhibit varying soil thicknesses with thin soils on crest positions and buried soils at the footslope. The aim of this study is to reconstruct the complex soil mass redistribution and soil patterns of this forested area due to different periods of erosion and stability.

Methods
We explored the explanatory power of both 10Be (in situ and meteoric) on a hillslope and we 14C-dated buried horizons at different depths.

Results
The 10Be depth profiles did not show an exponential decrease with depth. They had a ‘bulge’ shape indicating clay translocation and interaction with oxyhydroxydes (meteoric 10Be), bioturbation and soil mass redistribution (in situ 10Be). The combined application of both 10Be and 14C dating revealed progressive and regressive phases of soil evolution. Although Melzower Forest is protected (same vegetation) since the past 250 years, both 10Be clearly indicated major soil mass redistribution along the investigated catena.

Conclusion
A strong erosion impulse must have occurred between 4.5 and 6.8 kyr BP indicating an earlier human impact on soil erosion than previously postulated (~ 3 kyr earlier). Our findings correlate in fact with the first settlements reported for this region (~ 6.8 kyr BP) and show their immediate effect on soils. The overall soil redistribution rates in this forest are surprisingly similar to those obtained from a nearby agricultural area.
Evaluation of two different 1-year training programs among prepuberal female children
Authors: Elce Ausilia , Polito Rita , Del Pizzo Alessandro , Di Rauso Graziella , Guarino Francesco , Sangiorgio Armando , Daniele Aurora , Nigro Ersilia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse and compare the effects of two different dance training concepts in terms of anthropometric indices and supervised motor test performance between two groups of 56 prepuberal girls. The first group, composed of 29 girls, performed a typical classical dance training program (D group), while the second one, composed of 27 girls, followed a mixed training (D&R group) workout, with classical dance exercises alternated to rhythmic gymnastics. Anthropometric and exercise performance data were collected and assessed initially (T1) and after a 1-year (T2) training program. Data collected were firstly tested for collinearity using Belsley’s test and, after their normality was tested through the Shapiro–Wilk test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were performed on a subset of noncollinear variables. The two groups showed improvements in both anthropometric parameters and exercise performance; however, no differences arose between the variation of anthropometric parameters between the two groups. On the other hand, exercise performance was improved in some fields of the D&R group, particularly in exercises regarding the upper body, such as pull-ups, chin-ups and sit-ups. In conclusion, our data provide evidence that a specific training program consisting of classic dance plus rhythmic gymnastics exercises (D&R) has a greater impact compared to a program of simple classic dance, in terms of skill performance without impairment of anthropometric parameters.
Political Mediation in Nuclear Waste Management: a Foucauldian Perspective
Authors: Laes Erik , Bombaerts Gunter 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper aims to open up high-level waste management practices to a political philosophical questioning, beyond the enclosure implied by the normative ethics approaches that prevail in the literature. Building on previous insights derived from mediation theory (in particular the work of Verbeek and Dorrestijn), Foucault and science and technology studies (in particular Jasanoff’s work on socio-technical imaginaries), mediation theory’s appropriation of Foucauldian insights is shown to be in need of modification and further extension. In particular, we modify Dorrestijn’s figure of “technical determination of power relations” to better take into account the (literal and figurative) aspects of imagination, and complement Dorrestijn’s work with the figures of techno-scientific mediation, and the inherently political figures of socio-technical and state-technical mediation, both based on Foucault’s notion of governmentality. Our analysis implies that the practical implementation of a high-level nuclear waste (HLW) management strategy will require the “stitching together” of these different mediations, which is an inherently political task.
Waterfall Algorithm as a tool of investigation the geometrical features of granular porous media
Authors: Sobieski Wojciech 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe paper describes the so-called Waterfall Algorithm, which may be used to calculate a set of parameters characterising the spatial structure of granular porous media, such as shift ratio, collision density ratio, consolidation ratio, path length and minimum tortuosity. The study is performed for 1800 different two-dimensional random pore structures. In each geometry, 100 individual paths are calculated. The impact of porosity and the particle size on the above-mentioned parameters is investigated. It was stated in the paper, that the minimum tortuosity calculated by the Waterfall Algorithm cannot be used directly as a representative tortuosity of pore channels in the Kozeny or the Carman meaning. However, it may be used indirect by making the assumption that a unambiguous relationship between the representative tortuosity and the minimum tortuosity exists. It was also stated, that the new parameters defined in the present study are sensitive on the porosity and the particle size and may be therefore applied as indicators of the geometry structure of granular media. The Waterfall Algorithm is compared with other methods of determining the tortuosity: A-Star Algorithm, Path Searching Algorithm, Random Walk technique, Path Tracking Method and the methodology of calculating the hydraulic tortuosity based on the Lattice Boltzmann Method. A very short calculation time is the main advantage of the Waterfall Algorithm, what meant, that it may be applied in a very large granular porous media.
Le neoplasie associate a feocromocitoma/paraganglioma in quadri SDHx positivi o negativi: adenomi ipofisari, tumori stromali gastro-intestinali e tumori renali
Authors: Lopez Chiara , Bollati Martina , Parasiliti-Caprino Mirko , Prencipe Nunzia , Berton Alessandro Maria , Ghigo Ezio , Grottoli Silvia , Maccario Mauro 
Published: August 2021

SommarioI feocromocitomi e paragangliomi (PPGL) sono geneticamente determinati in almeno il 30% dei casi. Le mutazioni identificate più recentemente, in particolare quelle dei geni SDHx, possono favorire, seppur raramente, anche l’insorgenza di tumori stromali gastro-intestinali, carcinomi renali e adenomi ipofisari. Pertanto, in caso di diagnosi di una delle suddette neoplasie, il clinico dovrebbe valutare l’anamnesi personale e familiare alla ricerca di eventuali PPGL, così come in pazienti con PPGL associato a mutazione di SDHx, TMEM127 e MAX si dovrebbe indagare la presenza di neoplasie potenzialmente correlate.
Stromal Vascular Fraction for Osteoarthritis of the Knee Regenerative Engineering
Authors: Ude Chinedu C. , Shah Shiv , Ogueri Kenneth S. , Nair Lakshmi S. , Laurencin Cato T. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeThe knee joint is prone to osteoarthritis (OA) due to its anatomical position, and several reports have implicated the imbalance between catabolic and anabolic processes within the joint as the main culprit, thus leading to investigations towards attenuation of these inflammatory signals for OA treatment. In this review, we have explored clinical evidence supporting the use of stromal vascular fraction (SVF), known for its anti-inflammatory characteristics for the treatment of OA.MethodsSearches were made on PubMed, PMC, and Google Scholar with the keywords “adipose fraction knee regeneration, and stromal vascular fraction knee regeneration, and limiting searches within 2017–2020.ResultsFrequently found interventions include cultured adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), SVF, and the micronized/microfragmented adipose tissue-stromal vascular fraction (MAT-SVF). Clinical data reported that joints treated with SVF provided a better quality of life to patients. Currently, MAT-SVF obtained and administered at the point of care is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), but more studies including manufacturing validation, safety, and proof of pharmacological activity are needed for SVF. The mechanism of action of MAT-SVF is also not fully understood. However, the current hypothesis indicates a direct adherence and integration with the degenerative host tissue, and/or trophic effects resulting from the secretome of constituent cells.ConclusionOur review of the literature on stromal vascular fraction and related therapy use has found evidence of efficacy in results. More research and clinical patient follow-up are needed to determine the proper place of these therapies in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee.Lay SummaryReports have implicated the increased inflammatory proteins within the joints as the main cause of osteoarthritis (OA). This has attracted interest towards addressing these inflammatory proteins as a way of treatment for OA. The concentrated cell-packed portion of the adipose product stromal vascular fraction (SVF) from liposuction or other methods possesses anti-inflammatory effects and has been acclaimed to heal OA. Thus, we searched for clinical evidence supporting their use, for OA treatment through examining the literature. Data from various hospitals support that joints treated with SVF provided a better quality of life to patients. Currently, there is at least one version of these products that are obtained and given back to patients during a single clinic visit, approved by the FDA.
Stellenwert der JAK-Inhibitoren („small is beautiful“)
Authors: Karonitsch Thomas 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungJanuskinase-Inhibitoren (JAK-Inhibitoren) sind als Therapieoption bei einer Vielzahl chronisch-entzündlicher Erkrankung mittlerweile nicht mehr wegzudenken. Die Geschichte ihrer Entwicklung stellt ein wunderbares Beispiel einer erfolgreichen From-bench-to-bedside-Strategie dar. Nach Entdeckung der Bedeutung von Zytokinen und Interferone (IFN) für die Entstehung und Chronifizierung entzündlicher Erkrankungen begann die Entwicklung dieser Inhibitoren basierend auf den Erkenntnissen, wie die Signaltransduktion ebendieser Entzündungsmediatoren funktioniert. Die stetig wachsende Zahl an Indikationen von JAK-Inhibitoren unterstreicht die Bedeutung dieser Substanzklasse und zeigt, dass die Erfolgsgeschichte dieser Inhibitoren sich noch am Anfang befindet.
Conceptualising and measuring social media engagement: A systematic literature review
Authors: Trunfio Mariapina , Rossi Simona 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe spread of social media platforms enhanced academic and professional debate on social media engagement that attempted to better understand its theoretical foundations and measurements. This paper aims to systematically contribute to this academic debate by analysing, discussing, and synthesising social media engagement literature in the perspective of social media metrics. Adopting a systematic literature review, the research provides an overarching picture of what has already been investigated and the existing gaps that need further research. The paper confirms the polysemic and multidimensional nature of social media engagement. It identifies the behavioural dimension as the most used proxy for users' level of engagement suggesting the COBRA model as a conceptual tool to classify and interpret the construct. Four categories of metrics emerged: quantitative metrics, normalised indexes, set of indexes, qualitative metrics. It also offers insights and guidance to practitioners on modelling and managing social media engagement.
Healthy Volunteer Studies in the Development of Anticancer Drugs with Genotoxic Findings
Authors: Omes-Smit Grace , Garsen Marjolein , Zwiers Alex 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Recent scientific advances in cancer research have led to the development of immunomodulatory and molecularly targeted drugs with better safety profiles than chemotherapeutics, which makes it possible to include healthy volunteers (HVs) in clinical trials. In this study, we aimed to identify the number of marketing authorization applications (MAAs) that enrolled HVs in a clinical trial and to identify the number of anticancer drugs that were given to HVs despite a positive genotoxic finding. In addition, we evaluated the dose of anticancer drugs administered to HVs and the justification for proceeding with HV studies despite a positive genotoxic finding.

Methods
Publicly available information from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) website was used for this study. Anticancer drugs were identified using the human medicines highlights published by EMA between January 2010 and December 2019. EPARs were used to collect general information of the anticancer drugs, details on genotoxicity studies, and the enrollment of HVs in clinical trials.

Results
We identified 71 MAAs for small molecule anticancer drugs with a positive or negative CHMP opinion in the EU. Forty-eight anticancer drugs were studied in HVs, of which 12 anticancer drugs were administered to HVs despite positive genotoxic findings in the standard battery. Systematic and extensive genetic toxicology screening demonstrated the absence of genotoxic risks to the cell system.

Conclusion
We showed that despite a positive genotoxic finding, comprehensive genetic toxicology testing demonstrated the absence of risks to the cell system at the human exposure dose. Therefore, these anticancer drugs posed no harm to HVs.
Incidence and factors associated with hypotension in emergency patients that underwent cesarean section with spinal anaesthesia: Prospective observational study
Authors: Chekol Wubie Birlie , Melesse Debas Yaregal , Mersha Abraham Tarekegn 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
Hypotension is the common incidental complication after subarachnoid block in emergency cesarean section. This study aimed to identify incidence and factors associated with hypotension in emergency cesarean section that underwent spinal anaesthesia.

Methods:
Prospective observational study was done with statistical analysis of SPSS version 20. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine whether each of independent variables was associated or not with the outcome variables. Both Crude and Adjusted Odds Ratio were calculated to show strength of association. Variables with P-value of <0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.

Results:
Incidence of hypotension in emergency cesarean section was 56.8% (95% CI; 50.2–63.4). Baseline systolic blood pressure <120 mmhg (AOR, 3.60 95% CI; 1.26–10.31), absence of spinal additives (AOR, 5.08, 95% CI; 1.78–14.48), duration of crystalloid load before 20 min (AOR, 27.9, 95% CI; 8.3–93.6) and speed of injection < 10 s (AOR, 4.47, 95% CI; 1.14–17.62) were significantly associated with hypotension.

Conclusion:
The incidence of hypotension was high. Baseline blood pressure, spinal additives, duration of crystalloid load and speed of injection were significantly associated with hypotension. So, we recommend considering spinal additives, fluid co-loading and slow injection of drugs to reduce incidence of hypotension.

Highlights
Un ancien régime typographique: Culture manuscrite, société graphique et ponctuation turque ottomane
Authors: Bouquet Olivier 
Published: August 2021

Un ancien régime typographique: Culture manuscrite, société graphique et ponctuation turque ottomaneLa présente étude substitue une analyse technique et graphique des opérations typographiques à l’approche politique et culturelle qui met habituellement l’accent sur les obstacles opposés à l’apparition de l’imprimerie dans l’Empire ottoman. Au-delà d’une démarche historiographique centrée sur les échecs de la modernisation culturelle, un examen combiné des caractères typographiques et des signes de ponctuation invite à proposer une histoire conjuguée de l’imprimé et du manuscrit. Celle-ci, tournée vers l’étude des vitalités textuelles, met au jour des convergences entre les productions calligraphiques, les expérimentations de la typographie et les progrès de la lithographie. Elle relie le travail du typographe aux actions de la main, les activités de l’éditeur aux productions de l’auteur, l’impression des matrices aux inscriptions de la plume. La ponctuation est un terreau d’innovation qui propose, au fil de ses modalisations, de nouvelles insertions, créations et hybridations contribuant au développement de la société graphique ottomane : les gens de l’écrit (scribes, copistes, lettrés, mais aussi éditeurs, typographes et imprimeurs) produisent des textes en fonction d’une culture manuscrite, de contraintes techniques et des caractères propres à la langue turque ottomane. Dès lors, une approche technique de l’ensemble des formes de production écrite permet d’ouvrir un nouveau chantier : celui d’une histoire croisée de la langue et des textes.
Usages de l’absent: La figure de Lapérouse et la Révolution française
Authors: Orain Arnaud , Chappey Jean-Luc , Lilti Antoine 
Published: August 2021

Usages de l’absent: La figure de Lapérouse et la Révolution françaiseAlors que l’on est en France sans nouvelles de Monsieur de Lapérouse et de son expédition autour du monde depuis 1788 (le mystère de sa disparition ne sera connu qu’à la fin des années 1820), l’illustre navigateur devient, sous la Révolution, une figure publique instable, ouverte à toutes les appropriations et apte à de multiples usages politiques, scientifiques et philosophiques. En s’appuyant sur l’étude d’un corpus de sources manuscrites et imprimées méconnues (fictions, mémoires, décrets, journaux français et anglais, correspondances), cet article montre que cette présence/absence n’a rien d’anecdotique. La figure de Lapérouse tient noués trois héritages de l’Ancien Régime : l’idéal d’une société ordonnée autour de figures glorieuses ; le projet d’expansion impériale qui nourrit la rivalité avec l’Angleterre ; la science des Lumières et son horizon cosmopolite. Leur rencontre culmine dans le thème du héros civilisateur sous le Directoire, qui unit les mondes et élargit les sphères du savoir au service du rayonnement de la nation, forme idéalisée que prend le rêve impérial français. Cette étude fait du personnage de Lapérouse un outil heuristique pour comprendre comment ces trois héritages ont été investis, subsumés puis redéfinis par la Révolution française. Partout la figure du héros révèle la présence, si difficile à répudier, de l’Ancien Régime au cœur de la modernité politique.
Benefits of adding food education sessions to an exercise programme on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Vasconcelos Carlos Eduardo Gonçalves da Costa , Cabral Maria Manuela Lobato Guimarães Ferreira , Ramos Elisabete Conceição Pereira , Mendes Romeu Duarte Carneiro 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
To evaluate the impact of adding food education sessions to an exercise programme on cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged and older patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), a randomised parallel-group study was performed. Glycated haemoglobin, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fat mass (FM) and blood pressure were assessed at baseline and after 9 months. The recruitment was made in three primary healthcare centres from Vila Real, Portugal. Thirty-three patients (65⋅4 ± 5⋅9 years old) were engaged in a 9-month community-based lifestyle intervention programme: a supervised exercise programme (EX; n = 15; combined aerobic, resistance, agility/balance and flexibility exercise; three sessions per week; 75 min per session); or the same exercise programme plus concomitant food education sessions (EXFE; n = 18; 15-min lectures and dual-task strategies during exercise (answer nutrition questions while walking); 16 weeks). Significant differences between groups were identified in the evolution of BMI (P < 0.001,

$\eta _{\rm p}^2 = 0{\cdot} 150$

) and FM (P < 0.001,

$\eta _{\rm p}^2 = 0{\cdot}130$

), with best improvements observed in the EXFE group. The addition of a simple food education dietary intervention to an exercise programme improved body weight and composition, but not glycaemic control and blood pressure in middle-aged and older patients with T2D.