bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual Community Mental Health Support during the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: Balancing Accessibility with Online Security
Authors: Cypers Scott Jared , Lopez Amy 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent quarantine orders led to a lot of uncertainty, fear, and mental health difficulty around the world. To be able to support the community during this time of crisis, especially when no in-person crisis services could be provided, an online mental health support and parenting group was offered to the community. While the primary goal of this group was to provide communitywide mental health support to as many parents as possible, the group was quickly compromised by people using the technology to disrupt the support program. The interference from disruptors to the security of the online program through so-called Zoombombing quickly created a dilemma as to how to safely provide quality care. This article provides a case report of a community-based parenting support program and explores the challenge of providing wide-scale online mental health care while also protecting the privacy and security of community members and the integrity of the program. In developing this project to support the community during the pandemic, several lessons were learned about use of virtual platforms, online security, and finding ways to care for the community through crisis.
The Breeding Information Management System (BIMS): an online resource for crop breeding
Authors: Jung Sook , Lee Taein , Gasic Ksenija , Campbell B. Todd , Yu Jing , Humann Jodi , Ru Sushan , Edge-Garza Daniel , Hough Heidi , Main Dorrie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this era of big data, breeding programs are producing ever larger amounts of data. This necessitates access to efficient management systems to keep track of cross, performance, pedigree, geographical and image-based data, as well as genotyping data. In this article, we report the progress on the Breeding Information Management System (BIMS), a free, secure and online breeding management system that allows breeders to store, manage, archive and analyze their private breeding data. BIMS is the first publicly available database system that enables individual breeders to integrate their private phenotypic and genotypic data with public data and, at the same time, have complete control of their own breeding data along with access to tools such as data import/export, data analysis and data archiving. The integration of breeding data with publicly available genomic and genetic data enhances genetic understanding of important traits and maximizes the marker-assisted breeding utility for breeders and allied scientists. BIMS incorporates the use of the Android App Field Book, open-source phenotype data collection software for phones and tablets that allows breeders to replace hard copy field books, thus alleviating the possibility of transcription errors while providing faster access to the collected data. BIMS comes with training materials and support for individual or small group training and is currently implemented in the Genome Database for Rosaceae, CottonGEN, the Citrus Genome Database, the Pulse Crop Database, and the Genome Database for Vaccinium.
Database URLs: (https://www.rosaceae.org/), (https://www.cottongen.org/), (https://www.citrusgenomedb.org/), (https://www.pulsedb.org/) and (https://www.vaccinium.org/)
Rotational atherectomy in a dire situation: a case report
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Saibal , Batra Vishal , Yusuf Jamal , Kumar Sravan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Traditionally rotablation is considered as contraindicated in presence of visible thrombus or dissection. However, clinical situations may force us to undertake rotablation in presence of thrombus or dissection. We report a case of coronary rotablation done successfully in setting of acute thrombotic occlusion over an underlying non-healed dissection.

Case summary
A non-dilatable lesion in proximal left anterior descending (LAD) artery after rotablation with a 1.5 mm burr resulting in non-flow limiting Type A dissection with TIMI3 flow was left on conservative management to allow it to heal. But the patient developed ST-elevation myocardial infarction on the 9th post-intervention day due to thrombotic occlusion of the LAD at the site of dissection. At this time, we were compelled to do rotablation as a lifesaving procedure in presence of both thrombus and underlying dissection with a successful outcome.

Discussion
Rotablation in presence of dissection can lead to entrapment of the flap in the rotating burr leading to progression of dissection distally or sometimes there can be subintimal tracking of burr leading to perforation. In thrombotic lesions, rotablation can cause further increase in platelet activation and aggregation by the spinning burr or distal embolization of the thrombotic material promoting slow or no flow. In this unusual case with limited options for achieving successful revascularization, some out of the box steps were taken with all recommended precautions and successful outcome achieved.
Capnocytophaga canimorsus and infective endocarditis—making a dog’s dinner of the aortic valve: a case report
Authors: Sri Anita , Droscher Edward , De Palma Rodney 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Capnocytophaga canimorsus, a bacterium found in the oral cavities of healthy cats and dogs, is rarely reported as a cause of infective endocarditis. In this report we describe such a case in a young, male dog owner who presented acutely unwell in heart failure.

Case summary
A 47-year-old male presented with a subacute onset of fever, night sweats, weight loss, dyspnoea, and peripheral oedema. On clinical examination typical features of infective endocarditis, heart failure, and aortic regurgitation were found. The patient had no conventional risk factors for infective endocarditis but was a dog owner. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed vegetations on the right coronary and non-coronary cusps of the aortic valve causing severe eccentric aortic regurgitation and left ventricular dilatation. Initial blood cultures taken prior to the initiation of antimicrobial therapy showed no growth. The patient underwent aortic valve and root replacement and a 16S ribosomal RNA polymerase chain reaction (16S rRNA PCR) of the resected aortic valve tissue, using the additional primer set 785F/1175R targeting the V5–7 region of 16S rRNA, identified C. canimorsus. The patient was treated post-operatively with a 6-week course of meropenem and made a good recovery.

Discussion
Suspicion of C. canimorsus causing infective endocarditis should be considered in culture-negative infective endocarditis in individuals who have close contact with dogs or cats. Those who are immunocompetent can be susceptible to this infection and so this diagnosis should not be disregarded in healthy individuals. A 16S rRNA PCR can help identify this bacterium and should be used early in cases of culture-negative infective endocarditis.
Atypical presentation of scimitar syndrome with severe hepatomegaly: a case report
Authors: Cruz-Galbán Alba , Ruiz-Cantador José , González-García Ana Elvira 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Scimitar syndrome is a rare congenital disease characterized by partial or total anomalous pulmonary venous return from the right lung into the systemic venous system, and accounts for 0.5–2% of all congenital heart disease. Severe forms of the disease are diagnosed in childhood. However, because of the benign form of the syndrome in adults, many are asymptomatic, or present only mild symptoms including exertional dyspnoea, arrhythmias, and respiratory infections. We report an atypical presentation with hepatomegaly.

Case summary
A 24-year-old woman was evaluated for abdominal discomfort. Physical examination revealed a remarkable hepatomegaly. Chest X-ray revealed dextroversion, enlargement of the right cavities, and a curvilinear opacity known as ‘scimitar sign’. A transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated right ventricular dilation and a venous collector draining into right suprahepatic vein, which was severely dilated, with large hepatomegaly. Scimitar syndrome was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Therefore, the patient underwent surgery, redirecting the pulmonary venous return to left atrium. Three months later, the patient remained asymptomatic and both the hepatomegaly and the right chamber volumes normalized.

Discussion
Abdominal discomfort, as in our clinical case, is a highly atypical presentation of scimitar syndrome. It is important for physicians to be aware that diagnostic suspicion can be established from a chest X-ray, on which the scimitar sign can be distinguished in many cases. The diagnosis must be confirmed with other imaging modalities, such as echocardiography, MRI, or computed tomography. Corrective surgery may relieve the symptoms related to liver congestion at follow-up.
Acute necrotizing eosinophilic myocarditis possibly triggered by an antimigraine drug as an uncommon cause of acute heart failure: a case report
Authors: Beck-da-Silva Luís , Maulaz Alexandre , Schvartzman Paulo , Oliveira Francine Hehn , Stifft Jonathas , Astigarraga Claudia , Kronfeld Matias 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Epigastric or chest pain with an abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) in a young, otherwise healthy patient should trigger an investigation to rule out myocarditis. The myocarditis covers a wide spectrum of severity. The search for the aetiologic factor could be definitive for the success of therapy.

Case summary
A previously healthy 29-year-old woman presented to the Emergency Room with epigastric pain, eosinophilia, and an abnormal ECG. A thorough evaluation including cardiac magnetic resonance and endomyocardial biopsy was undertaken. A diagnosis of acute necrotizing eosinophilic myocarditis was made.

Discussion
The case is particularly unique for its suspected predisposing trigger: an antimigraine drug. A possible systemic hypersensitivity reaction, reflected by the occurrence of concomitant severe serum eosinophilia, acute myocarditis, and central nervous system vasculitis, was successfully treated with steroids, further supporting the diagnosis.
An eco-systems biology approach for modeling tritrophic networks reveals the influence of dietary amino acids on symbiont dynamics of Bemisia tabaci
Authors: Selvaraj Gopinath , Santos-Garcia Diego , Mozes-Daube Netta , Medina Shlomit , Zchori-Fein Einat , Freilich Shiri 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Metabolic conversions allow organisms to produce essential metabolites from the available nutrients in an environment, frequently requiring metabolic exchanges among co-inhabiting organisms. Here, we applied genomic-based simulations for exploring tri-trophic interactions among the sap-feeding insect whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), its host-plants, and symbiotic bacteria. The simplicity of this ecosystem allows capturing the interacting organisms (based on genomic data) and the environmental content (based on metabolomics data). Simulations explored the metabolic capacities of insect-symbiont combinations under environments representing natural phloem. Predictions were correlated with experimental data on the dynamics of symbionts under different diets. Simulation outcomes depict a puzzle of three-layer origins (plant-insect-symbionts) for the source of essential metabolites across habitats and stratify interactions enabling the whitefly to feed on diverse hosts. In parallel to simulations, natural and artificial feeding experiments provide supporting evidence for an environment-based effect on symbiont dynamics. Based on simulations, a decrease in the relative abundance of a symbiont can be associated with a loss of fitness advantage due to an environmental excess in amino-acids whose production in a deprived environment used to depend on the symbiont. The study demonstrates that genomic-based predictions can bridge environment and community dynamics and guide the design of symbiont manipulation strategies.
The Association of Stress, Metabolic Syndrome, and Systemic Inflammation With Neurocognitive Function in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos and Its Sociocultural Ancillary Study
Authors: Marquine María J , Gallo Linda C , Tarraf Wassim , Wu Benson , Moore Alison A , Vásquez Priscilla M , Talavera Gregory , Allison Matthew , Muñoz Elizabeth , Isasi Carmen R , Perreira Krista M , Bigornia Sherman J , Daviglus Martha , Estrella Mayra L , Zeng Donglin , González Hector M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Identifying sociocultural correlates of neurocognitive dysfunction among Hispanics/Latinos, and their underlying biological pathways, is crucial for understanding disparities in Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. We examined cross-sectional associations between stress and neurocognition, and the role that metabolic syndrome (MetS) and systemic inflammation might play in these associations.

Method
Participants included 3,045 adults aged 45–75 (56% female, education 0–20+ years, 86% Spanish-speaking, 23% U.S.-born), enrolled in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos and its Sociocultural Ancillary Study. Global neurocognition was the primary outcome and operationalized as the average of the z scores of measures of learning and memory, word fluency, and processing speed. Stress measures included self-report assessments of stress appraisal (perceived and acculturative stress) and exposure to chronic and traumatic stressors. MetS was defined via established criteria including waist circumference, high blood pressure, elevated triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose, and high levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Systemic inflammation was represented by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).

Results
Separate survey multivariable linear regression models adjusting for covariates showed that higher perceived (b = −0.004, SE = 0.002, p &lt; .05) and acculturative stress (b = −0.004, SE = 0.001, p &lt; .0001) were significantly associated with worse global neurocognition, while lifetime exposure to traumatic stressors was associated with better global neurocognition (b = 0.034, SE = 0.009, p &lt; .001). Neither MetS nor hs-CRP were notable pathways in the association between stress and neurocognition; rather, they were both independently associated with worse neurocognition in models including stress measures (ps &lt; .05).

Discussion
These cross-sectional analyses suggest that stress appraisal, MetS, and systemic inflammation may be targets to reduce neurocognitive dysfunction among Hispanics/Latinos.
A New Measure of Community Health: Findings From the Healthy Aging Data Reports
Authors: Porell Frank , Dugan Elizabeth , Silverstein Nina M , Lee Chae Man 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to develop a multidimensional measure of community healthy aging that is more nuanced than existing measures. The social–ecological framework guided this analysis of the latent structure of community prevalence rates of chronic diseases and functional impairments.Research Design and MethodsThe sample was 471 communities in Massachusetts (n = 319) and New Hampshire (n = 152). Data were drawn from publicly available healthy aging data reports for both states. Community prevalence rates for 45 chronic conditions, rates of mortality, and Medicare service utilization were estimated with the 2014–2015 Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Medicare Beneficiary Summary Files and used in factor analyses to explore the latent structure of community healthy aging.ResultsResults revealed a multidimensional structure composed of 4 latent population health components: serious complex chronic disease, indolent chronic disease, physical disability, and psychological disability. We found that while lower community socioeconomic status is a major determinant of all 4 components of population health, it is predictably associated with higher levels of serious complex chronic disease and physical disability and yet surprisingly with lower levels of indolent chronic disease and psychological disability.Discussion and ImplicationsThe 4-dimensional model provides a more nuanced measure of community healthy aging than mortality rate, and it identifies community health disparities that otherwise may go undetected. Understanding the multiple levels that influence community healthy aging may reveal new interventions or programs to improve it and allow policymakers or other stakeholders to more accurately tailor interventions to match the conditions of need.
Corticosteroids in adult respiratory distress syndrome – an inconvenient truth?
Authors: Shulman Rob , Montanari Cecilia , Pinheiro Inês , Longobardo Alessia , Benhalm Suzanne , Polhill Sara , Singer Mervyn , Bellingan Geoff , Arulkumaran Nishkantha 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Recent studies have demonstrated mortality benefits from corticosteroid use in COVID-19 patients requiring respiratory support. However, clinical practice may warrant the use of corticosteroids outside the context of a clinical trial. Such data are rarely, if ever, reported. We explored the use of corticosteroids for adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) indications in patients with non-COVID ARDS.

Methods
We retrospectively studied patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS, admitted to our intensive care unit (ICU) between January 2018 and March 2020.

Key findings
Of the 91 patients with ARDS identified, 80% were treated with a corticosteroid during their ICU admission. Of these, 73 (82%) had corticosteroids administered for reasons other than ARDS.

Conclusions
Corticosteroid use for non-ARDS indications is commonplace in ARDS patients in our ICU. The use of corticosteroids outside a randomisation process in randomised clinical trials may be more common than appreciated and needs to be routinely reported.
Sustained heat stress elevated corneal and body surface temperatures and altered circulating leukocytes and metabolic indicators in wether lambs supplemented with ractopamine or zilpaterol
Authors: Barnes Taylor L , Burrack Rachel M , Schmidt Ty B , Petersen Jessica L , Yates Dustin T 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Understanding how β adrenergic agonists influence the physiology of heat stress could lead to mitigation options. We sought to investigate body surface temperatures in feedlot wethers supplemented with ractopamine or zilpaterol and exposed to heat stress for 18 d. Corneal and skin temperatures were assessed via infrared thermography at 1- and 2-m distances. Rectal temperatures and circulating leukocytes, metabolites, and electrolytes were also measured. Heat stress increased (P &lt; 0.05) rectal temperatures in unsupplemented and zilpaterol-supplemented lambs but not in ractopamine-supplemented lambs. Heat stress also increased (P &lt; 0.05) surface temperatures of the cornea, nose, ear, and back, regardless of supplement. Observations were comparable between thermography performed at 1 and 2 m, and higher emissivity settings generally produced less variation. Heat stress tended to increase (P = 0.08) blood monocytes in unsupplemented but not ractopamine- or zilpaterol-supplemented lambs. Granulocytes were increased (P &lt; 0.05) by heat stress in ractopamine-supplemented lambs but decreased (P &lt; 0.05) in zilpaterol-supplemented lambs. Blood glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol did not differ among groups, and blood lactate was reduced (P &lt; 0.05) by heat stress in zilpaterol-supplemented lambs only. Blood Na+ was reduced (P &lt; 0.05) and Ca2+ increased (P &lt; 0.05) by heat stress, regardless of supplement. These findings indicate that β1- and β2-adrenergic agonists differentially relieve some but not all heat stress-induced changes in stress indicators. Moreover, corneal and skin surface temperatures measured by infrared thermography reasonably identified body temperature changes at a distance of 2 m.
Bacillus subtilis (Bacillales, Bacillaceae) Spores Affect Survival and Population Growth in the Grain Aphid Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera, Aphididae) in Relation to the Presence of the Facultative Bacterial Endosymbiont Regiella insecticola (Enterobacteriales, Enterobacteriaceae)
Authors: Álvarez-Lagazzi Alan P , Cabrera Nuri , Francis Frederic , Ramírez Claudio C 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The grain aphid Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) is one of the most important cereal pests, damaging crops through sap sucking and virus transmission. Sitobion avenae harbors the secondary endosymbiont Regiella insecticola, which is highly prevalent in populations in south-central Chile and other regions of the world. In order to develop ecological alternatives for biological control, we studied the effect of applying the spores of a strain of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis on the survival and fecundity of the most prevalent genotype of S. avenae in central Chile. The strain selected was one that in previous studies had shown the ability to outcompete other bacteria. Using clones of this aphid genotype infected and uninfected with R. insecticola, we found that applying B. subtilis spores through artificial diets and spraying on leaves decreased both adult survival and nymph production. The detection of spores within the aphid body was negatively correlated with nymph production and was lower in the presence of R. insecticola when applied in diets. B. subtilis spores applied on leaves reduced the number of aphids, an effect that was stronger on aphids harboring R. insecticola. A possible interaction between endosymbiotic bacteria and bacterial antagonists within the aphid body is discussed.
Targeting Credit through Community Members
Authors: Vera-Cossio Diego 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Locally targeted programs may exploit available information transmitted through local networks to improve the selection of beneficiaries, but the effective use of this information is not granted when the selection of beneficiaries entails balancing multiple targeting criteria that are costly to verify. This paper analyzes how local committees balance issues of neediness, productivity, risk, and favoritism to allocate subsidized loans to Thai villagers. Local committees in charge of managing village funds provided credit to richer, less-productive, and elite-connected villagers threatening the program’s sustainability. Informal markets partially attenuated the targeting distortions by redirecting credit from connected to unconnected households, albeit at high interest rates. Counterfactual exercises show that eliminating the connection-based distortions would reduce within-village inequality by 9.7% and modestly increase village-level output by 0.9%–1.5%.