bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors for the improvement of pain and disability following multidisciplinary rehabilitation in patients with chronic neck pain
Authors: Weigl Martin , Letzel Josefine , Angst Felix 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of specific, multidisciplinary, bio-psychosocial, rehabilitation programmes for chronic neck pain. However, prognostic factors for the improvement of pain and disability are mostly unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore prognostic factors associated with improvements in chronic neck pain following participation in a three-week, multidisciplinary, bio-psychosocial, rehabilitation programme.

Methods
In this observational, prospective cohort study, a total of 112 patients were assessed at the beginning, end, and 6 months following the completion of a multidisciplinary, bio-psychosocial, rehabilitation programme. Inclusion for participation in the rehabilitation programme depended upon an interdisciplinary pain assessment. The primary outcome was neck pain and disability, which was measured using the Northern American Spine Society questionnaire for pain+disability and was quantified with effect sizes (ES). Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to explore potential prognostic factors associated with improvements in pain and disability scores at discharge and at the 6-month follow-up period.

Results
The mean age of the patients was 59.7 years (standard deviation = 10.8), and 70.5% were female. Patients showed improvement in pain+disability at discharge (ES = 0.56; p < 0.001), which was sustained at the 6-month follow-up (ES = 0.56; p < 0.001). Prognostic factors associated with improvement in pain+disability scores at discharge included poor pain+disability baseline scores (partial, adjusted correlation r = 0.414, p < 0.001), older age (r = 0.223, p = 0.024), a good baseline cervical active range-of-motion (ROM) (r = 0.210, p < 0.033), and improvements in the Short-form 36 mental health scale (r = 0.197; p = 0.047) and cervical ROMs (r = 0.195, p = 0.048) from baseline values. Prognostic factors associated with improvements in pain+disability at the 6-month follow-up were similar and included poor pain+disability baseline scores (partial, adjusted correlation r = 0.364, p < 0.001), improvements in the Short-form 36 mental health scale (r = 0.232; p = 0.002), cervical ROMs (r = 0.247, p = 0.011), and better cervical ROM baseline scores. However, older age was not a factor (r = 0.134, p = 0.172).

Conclusions
Future prognostic models for treatment outcomes in chronic neck pain patients should consider cervical ROM and mental health status. Knowledge of prognostic factors may help in the adoption of individualized treatment for patients who are less likely to respond to multidisciplinary rehabilitation.
Application of openEHR archetypes to automate data quality rules for electronic health records: a case study
Authors: Tian Qi , Han Zhexi , Yu Ping , An Jiye , Lu Xudong , Duan Huilong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Ensuring data is of appropriate quality is essential for the secondary use of electronic health records (EHRs) in research and clinical decision support. An effective method of data quality assessment (DQA) is automating data quality rules (DQRs) to replace the time-consuming, labor-intensive manual process of creating DQRs, which is difficult to guarantee standard and comparable DQA results. This paper presents a case study of automatically creating DQRs based on openEHR archetypes in a Chinese hospital to investigate the feasibility and challenges of automating DQA for EHR data.

Methods
The clinical data repository (CDR) of the Shanxi Dayi Hospital is an archetype-based relational database. Four steps are undertaken to automatically create DQRs in this CDR database. First, the keywords and features relevant to DQA of archetypes were identified via mapping them to a well-established DQA framework, Kahn’s DQA framework. Second, the templates of DQRs in correspondence with these identified keywords and features were created in the structured query language (SQL). Third, the quality constraints were retrieved from archetypes. Fourth, these quality constraints were automatically converted to DQRs according to the pre-designed templates and mapping relationships of archetypes and data tables. We utilized the archetypes of the CDR to automatically create DQRs to meet quality requirements of the Chinese Application-Level Ranking Standard for EHR Systems (CARSES) and evaluated their coverage by comparing with expert-created DQRs.

Results
We used 27 archetypes to automatically create 359 DQRs. 319 of them are in agreement with the expert-created DQRs, covering 84.97% (311/366) requirements of the CARSES. The auto-created DQRs had varying levels of coverage of the four quality domains mandated by the CARSES: 100% (45/45) of consistency, 98.11% (208/212) of completeness, 54.02% (57/87) of conformity, and 50% (11/22) of timeliness.

Conclusion
It’s feasible to create DQRs automatically based on openEHR archetypes. This study evaluated the coverage of the auto-created DQRs to a typical DQA task of Chinese hospitals, the CARSES. The challenges of automating DQR creation were identified, such as quality requirements based on semantic, and complex constraints of multiple elements. This research can enlighten the exploration of DQR auto-creation and contribute to the automatic DQA.
Depolymerization and conversion of lignin to value-added bioproducts by microbial and enzymatic catalysis
Authors: Weng Caihong , Peng Xiaowei , Han Yejun 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLignin, the most abundant renewable aromatic compound in nature, is an excellent feedstock for value-added bioproducts manufacturing; while the intrinsic heterogeneity and recalcitrance of which hindered the efficient lignin biorefinery and utilization. Compared with chemical processing, bioprocessing with microbial and enzymatic catalysis is a clean and efficient method for lignin depolymerization and conversion. Generally, lignin bioprocessing involves lignin decomposition to lignin-based aromatics via extracellular microbial enzymes and further converted to value-added bioproducts through microbial metabolism. In the review, the most recent advances in degradation and conversion of lignin to value-added bioproducts catalyzed by microbes and enzymes were summarized. The lignin-degrading microorganisms of white-rot fungi, brown-rot fungi, soft-rot fungi, and bacteria under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were comparatively analyzed. The catalytic metabolism of the microbial lignin-degrading enzymes of laccase, lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, biphenyl bond cleavage enzyme, versatile peroxidase, and β-etherize was discussed. The microbial metabolic process of H-lignin, G-lignin, S-lignin based derivatives, protocatechuic acid, and catechol was reviewed. Lignin was depolymerized to lignin-derived aromatic compounds by the secreted enzymes of fungi and bacteria, and the aromatics were converted to value-added compounds through microbial catalysis and metabolic engineering. The review also proposes new insights for future work to overcome the recalcitrance of lignin and convert it to value-added bioproducts by microbial and enzymatic catalysis.
Pituitary thyrotoxicosis presenting as abnormal thyroid function testing during pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Jackson David George , Parker John , Cummings Thomas 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Central hyperthyroidism is a rare form of hyperthyroidism caused by thyrotrope pituitary adenomas. It is characterized by elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone alongside high thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Goiter is the most common symptom of central hyperthyroidism. Surgical resection as well as somatostatin analog therapy typically achieve resolution of hyperthyroid symptoms and restoration of a euthyroid state.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 30-year-old primigravida Caucasian/White female who presented with abnormal thyroid function testing results and multinodular goiter during pregnancy. Postpartum, she was found to have multinodular goiter on physical examination as well as persistent elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone with elevated free thyroxine and free triiodothyronine. Magnetic resonance imaging disclosed a large pituitary macroadenoma, and she subsequently underwent resection of the mass. She achieved a sustained euthyroid state postoperatively.

Conclusions
This case shows how central hyperthyroidism can present without the more apparent symptoms of thyrotoxicosis and that successful resolution of central hyperthyroidism may be achieved postoperatively.
Pulmonary atresia with a ventricular septal defect and left pulmonary artery discontinuity: a case report
Authors: Cha Hyun-Hwa , Kim Hae Min , Seong Won Joon 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Unilateral pulmonary artery discontinuity is a rare malformation that is associated with other intracardiac abnormalities. Cases accompanied by other cardiac abnormalities are often missed on prenatal echocardiography. The prenatal diagnosis of isolated unilateral pulmonary artery discontinuity can also be delayed. However, undiagnosed this malformation would have an effect on further prognosis. We report our case of a prenatal diagnosis of pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and left pulmonary artery discontinuity.

Case presentation
A 33-year-old Asian woman visited our institution at 24 weeks of gestation because of suspected fetal congenital heart disease. Fetal echocardiography revealed a small atretic main pulmonary artery giving rise to the right pulmonary artery without bifurcation and the left pulmonary artery arising from the ductus arteriosus originating from the left subclavian artery. The neonate was delivered by cesarean section at 376/7 weeks of gestation. Postnatal echocardiography and multidetector computed tomography showed a right aortic arch, with the small right pulmonary artery originating from the atretic main pulmonary artery and the left pulmonary artery originating from the left subclavian artery. Patency of the ductus arteriosus from the left subclavian artery was maintained with prostaglandin E1. Right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction and pulmonary angioplasty with Gore-Tex graft patch was performed 25th day after birth. Unfortunately, the neonate died because of right heart failure 8 days postoperation.

Conclusion
There is a possibility that both pulmonary arteries do not arise from the same great artery (main pulmonary artery or common arterial trunk). Therefore, clinicians should check the origin of both pulmonary arteries.
Validation of a search strategy for randomized clinical trials related to periodontitis
Authors: Lyrio Amanda Oliveira , da Cruz Simone Seixas , Gomes-Filho Isaac Suzart , Silveira Viviane Seixas Silva , Souza Elivan Silva , Batista Josicélia Estrela Tuy , Figueiredo Ana Claudia Morais Godoy , Pereira Mauricio Gomes 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Systematic reviews, considered the gold standard for the assessment of scientific evidence, may present conflicting findings for the same clinical issue, and such dissent may be justified by the forms of elaboration of the electronic search strategy. This paper aims to validate a search strategy to identify randomized clinical trials related to periodontitis. A gold standard reference set was developed to validate the identified clinical trials using the relative recall method. The choice of periodontitis is due to the fact that this disease has a high prevalence among chronic non-communicable diseases, is considered the second most common oral disease in the world, is associated with several health problems, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, and, principally, has not been investigated sufficiently to prevent possible damages resulting from it.

Methods
A validation study was developed in MEDLINE/PubMed. In Stage 1, a methodological filter recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration to identify randomized clinical trials was applied. Stage 2 identified articles related only to periodontitis (gold standard reference set) from among the articles retrieved using the eligibility criteria. In Stage 3, a search statement for the retrieval of periodontitis-related articles was elaborated by experts. Stage 4 defined the proposed search strategy comprising of the combination of the search statement developed with the aforementioned methodological filter and subsequent application in MEDLINE/PubMed. The obtained data were analyzed using the set of articles identified in Stage 2, as the gold standard reference set. The following performance values were calculated - sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and number needed to read - with their respective 95% confidence interval (95%CI).

Results
The search strategy under evaluation compared to the gold-standard showed a sensitivity of 93.2% (95%CI, 83.8–97.3), specificity of 99.9% (95%CI 99.8–99.9), and a precision of 77.5% (95%CI, 66.48–85.63). In addition, the number needed to read was 1.3.

Conclusion
According to the proposed methodological approach, the search strategy under evaluation performed well in the identification of randomized clinical trials related to periodontitis.
Birds as seed dispersers in deserts: suggestions from the ground-jays
Authors: Londei Tiziano 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe study of seed dispersal, biotic seed dispersal, and even less, the role of birds in it, have been almost neglected in deserts. Virtually absent from the literature on seed dispersal are the ground-jays, genusPodoces, four species of the crow family that inhabit arid environments, even true deserts, from Iran to Mongolia. Although they are omnivorous, they seem to mainly depend on the seeds of desert plants during the cold season. There are suggestions in sparse literature that they may contribute to seed dispersal similarly to several corvid species of other climates, by caching seeds in useful microsites to save them for later consumption and thus actually favoring the germination of the seeds they fail to recover. Future research might benefit from comparison with the vast literature on their better-known seed-caching relatives. This paper is aimed at providing basic information on each ground-jay species and some suggestions for investigating their likely symbiosis with desert plants, with possible applications to the maintenance and restoration of vegetation in a very extended arid zone.
g versus c: comparing individual and collective intelligence across two meta-analyses
Authors: Rowe Luke I. , Hattie John , Hester Robert 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCollective intelligence (CI) is said to manifest in a group’s domain general mental ability. It can be measured across a battery of group IQ tests and statistically reduced to a latent factor called the “c-factor.” Advocates have found thec-factor predicts group performance better than individual IQ. We test this claim by meta-analyzing correlations between thec-factor and nine group performance criterion tasks generated by eight independent samples (N = 857 groups). Results indicated a moderate correlation,r, of .26 (95% CI .10, .40). All but four studies comprising five independent samples (N = 366 groups) failed to control for the intelligence of individual members using individual IQ scores or their statistically reduced equivalent (i.e., theg-factor). A meta-analysis of this subset of studies found the average IQ of the groups’ members had little to no correlation with group performance (r = .06, 95% CI −.08, .20). Around 80% of studies did not have enough statistical power to reliably detect correlations between the primary predictor variables and the criterion tasks. Though some of our findings are consistent with claims that a general factor of group performance may exist and relate positively to group performance, limitations suggest alternative explanations cannot be dismissed. We caution against prematurely embracing notions of thec-factor unless it can be independently and robustly replicated and demonstrated to be incrementally valid beyond theg-factor in group performance contexts.
Bad Film Histories: Ethnography and the Early Archive, Katherine Groo (2019)
Authors: Lipkin Ben 
Published: April 2021

Review of: Bad Film Histories: Ethnography and the Early Archive, Katherine Groo (2019)
Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 376pp.,
ISBN 9781517900335 (pbk), $28.00,
ISBN 9781517900328 (hbk), $112.00
The City in American Cinema: Film and Postindustrial Culture, Johan Andersson and Lawrence Webb, eds. (2019)
Authors: Ekaterina Anya 
Published: April 2021

Review of: The City in American Cinema: Film and Postindustrial Culture, Johan Andersson and Lawrence Webb, eds. (2019)
London: Bloomsbury Academic, 400pp.,
ISBN: 9781788313186 (hbk), $115.00
Eastern Approaches to Western Film: Asian Reception and Aesthetics in Cinema, Stephen Teo (2019)
Authors: Watts Tylen 
Published: April 2021

Review of: Eastern Approaches to Western Film: Asian Reception and Aesthetics in Cinema, Stephen Teo (2019)
London: Bloomsbury Academic, 285pp.,
ISBN: 9781784539825 (hbk), $115.00,
ISBN: 9781350113312 (epdf), $35.95,
ISBN: 9781350113305 (ebk), $35.95
The Virgin Suicides (1999) in Ten Frames
Authors: Ekaterina Anya , Kernan Jessica , Schaller’s August U. , Standridge Anna Nicole , Watts Tylen , Williford Andrew Steven 
Published: April 2021

The Virgin Suicides (1999)
USA
Director Sofia Coppola
Runtime 97 minutes

Blu-ray
USA, 2018
Produced and Distributed by The Criterion Collection (region A/1)
Evaluating the ASTM C944 Rotating Cutters Method for Determining the Abrasion Resistance of Concrete
Authors: Abdel-Hafez Ali E. , Hussein Amgad A. , Bruneau Stephen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Abrasion damage is a concern for some types of structures, and the need for proper quantification of it is essential. This research is intended to provide an evaluation for ASTM C944/C944M-19, Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Concrete or Mortar Surfaces by the Rotating-Cutter Method, (rotating cutters method) to assess concrete abrasion resistance. The current investigation involves analysis of the interaction between the cutters and the test specimen and the interpretation of the test results. Such details are important so that the test results could be repeatable, reproducible, and always interpreted in the same fashion. Sources that influence the test inaccuracy were studied to quantify its effects on the test results. In the first instance, the characteristics of the resulted abraded area and its effect on the depth measurement strategy were clarified. Then, the evaluation of abrasion depth using different approaches were investigated. In addition, the effect of the concrete tested surface nature (formed, finished, and cut) was examined. The examined points are believed to be the sources of test high variability. A mitigation of this variability was provided by addressing and analyzing them so it can be avoided in future evaluation. The results indicated that by correctly identifying the characteristics of the abraded patterns and by using a suitable measurement approach, less variability in the average abrasion depth was obtained. In addition, it was noted that using different depth measurement methods could lead to different abrasion depths results. Also, it was found that the tested surface characteristics could highly affect the abrasion test results.
Triaxial Testing and Numerical Simulation on High Fill Slopes of Gobi Gravel Soils in Urumchi
Authors: Wan Xing , Ding Jianwen , Ou Yanyuxin , Mou Cong , Ding Cheng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Gobi gravel soils (GGS), widely distributed in northwestern China, are used as main filling materials in construction of high filling slopes in Urumqi airport. To analyze the stability of slopes, the shear strength of the granular materials should be investigated. To this end, a series of large-scale triaxial tests were performed on GGS to investigate the influencing factors on their mechanical behavior, including coarse content, degree of compaction, and confining pressure. The results show that the stress-strain curves show strain-hardening behavior within 90 % coarse content. The specimens show a transition from shear contraction to shear dilation with increasing coarse fraction and degree of compaction; they show contraction with an increase of confining pressure. The interlocking strength is significantly affected by the degree of compaction and coarse content, whereas the frictional angle changes within a narrow range from 35° to 40°. Based on testing results, the stability of the filling slopes was simulated using limit equilibrium method. The effect of the slope angle and geotextiles on the safety factor is discussed, through which the optimum slope angle and optimum geotextiles reinforcement are determined.
Corrosion Behavior of Surface Nanostructured IN718 Superalloy at 650°C
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Chattopadhyay K. , Alam Z. , Singh Vakil , Satyanarayana D. V. V. , Kumar Vikas 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn the present study, the process of ultrasonic shot peening (USP) was adopted for developing nanostructures with a grain size of 62 ± 10 nm on the surface of the alloy IN718. The effect of nanostructures was investigated on high-temperature corrosion behavior under cyclic exposure at 650°C for 100 h in different salty environments (weight percent): 100NaCl (T1), 75Na2SO4 + 25NaCl (T2), and 90Na2SO4 + 5NaCl + 5V2O5 (T3). A near parabolic rate law was observed in both non-treated and treated conditions; however, the parabolic rate constant (kp) was reduced for the USP-treated specimens coated with Salt T1 and Salt Mixtures T2 and T3 by nearly 41 %, 52 %, and 50 %, respectively, with respect to the non-treated specimens. Several oxides and spinels such as TiO2, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, Cr2O3, FeVO4, NbO2, NiFe2O4, NiCr2O4, NiVO3, FeNbO4, FeCr2O4, Na2Cr2O7, and Cr2(MoO4)3 and sulfides NiS and FeS and chlorides CrCl3 and NiCl2 were observed in both treated as well as non-treated samples.
DIETARY HABITS AND BODY MASS INDEX BETWEEN ATHLETES AND NONATHLETES OF UiTM
Authors: Mohd Elias Siti Soraya , Mohamad Rizal Intan Nursyazanie 
Published: April 2021

The aim of this study was to compare the dietary habits and Body Mass Index (BMI) between student-athletes and non-student athletes in UiTM (Universiti Teknologi MARA), as well as to study the relationship between their dietary habits and BMI. Dietary habits are the habitual decisions of the individual regarding what foods they eat, while BMI is one of the widely used tools to identify the nutritional status of the individual. An online questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. Respondents’ body weight and height were self-measured, and respondents provide the data in the demographic section. Dietary habits questionnaire comprised of 18 questions, including the frequency of food intake from every section of the food pyramid, snack, fast food, vitamin and mineral supplements, breakfast, beverages intake and meal skipping. The result showed the mean dietary habits score of student-athletes were significantly (p <0.01) higher than non-student athletes. This could indicate the awareness of the student-athlete to practice a good dietary habit for them to enhance their sports performance. Regarding BMI, majority of the respondents from both student-athletes (62%) and non-student athletes (70%) were in the normal weight BMI category, and no significant difference was found in both groups. In addition, present study found no significant relationship between dietary habits and BMI for both student-athletes (r-value = – 0.093, p = 0.359) and non-student athletes’ (r-value = – 0.037, p = 0.713) groups, showing that dietary habits of the respondents does not correlate with their BMI. Although no significant association were found, normal BMI category and appropriate dietary habits are essential to be practised by everyone irrespective athletes or nonathletes, and this is to ensure a healthy lifestyle and reducing the risk of getting the non-communicable disease.