bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing symptoms and emotion recognition in African American and White samples with schizophrenia
Authors: Monette Mahogany A. , Lysaker Paul H. , Minor Kyle S. 
Published: April 2021

Racial status has an important role in schizophrenia, with African American samples being rated lower than White participants on a range of constructs. In many studies, however, demographic factors are not accounted for. In the present study, African American (n = 106) and White participants (n = 81) were compared on symptom severity and emotion recognition scales while controlling for other demographic factors. Contrary to our hypothesis, there were no differences in symptoms between racial groups. However, White participants performed better on an emotion recognition measure than African Americans. These differences were most prominent in response to negatively‐valenced stimuli. This study replicated previous findings of racial differences in emotion recognition but not symptom severity. Future research should assess the role of racial identity on symptom severity. In addition, further research is needed to assess if utilising multi‐ethnic stimuli improves performance by racial minorities on emotion recognition measures.
A study of corrosion performance of tinplate with different tin coating thickness in H2SO4solution
Authors: Liu B.Y. , Wang Y.W. , Guan Y. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe corrosion performance of tinplate with different coating mass in H2SO4solution has been investigated by electrochemical measurements and scanning electron microscope observation. The results indicate that the tinplate with a higher tin coating mass exhibits better corrosion resistance than the sample with a lower tin coating mass due to that a lower tin coating mass may not uniformly cover the base steel surface with roughness or other defects. Besides, the amount of coating mass on tinplate can greatly affect its corrosion evolution behavior, and in practical applications the coating mass selection should be selected based on its surrounding corrosive environment. Moreover, the cyclic corrosion process of tinplate in H2SO4solution can re‐generate H2SO4, and it again accelerates the tinplate dissolution process.
Inter‐Individual Variation in Postprandial Glycemic Responses in Women Co‐Ingesting Green Leafy Vegetables with a Carbohydrate Meal: Interactions with the Sirtuin System
Authors: Sayegh Marietta , Henderson Jaye , Farquharson Andrew J. , Horgan Graham , Ranawana Viren , Drew Janice E. 
Published: April 2021

ScopeGreen leafy vegetables (GLV) may improve postprandial glycemic responses (PGR) and metabolic health. However, inter‐individual variations (IIV) preclude conclusive evidence. Sirtuin system is emerging as a key player in blood glucose control. This study investigates IIV in PGR in women co‐ingesting GLV with a carbohydrate meal and interactions with the sirtuin system.Methods and ResultsVolunteers (n = 31 women) consume rice, rice with bok choy, or spinach (75g available carbohydrate) on separate occasions. Postprandial glucose, insulin, adropin, and lipid levels are measured. Anthropometric measurements and sex hormones are measured. GeXP assay measures whole blood postprandial gene expression profiles of 25 markers involved in sirtuin signaling. GLV consumption has no significant effect on PGR, which shows high variation. PGR correlated with age, but no other consistent associations are observed. Sirtuin gene expression profiles reveal distinct stratified subgroups associated with PGR, lipid, insulin, fat mass, waist/hip circumferences, and adropin levels.ConclusionPGR to co‐ingesting GLV with a carbohydrate meal are highly variable in this cohort and fail to reveal a significant reduction in PGR. Variable responses are largely independent of menopausal status and meal consumed. However, lower expression of sirtuin gene targets is associated with higher PGR and with markers linked to health status.
On the edge element boundary element method/finite element method coupling for time harmonic electromagnetic scattering problems
Authors: Dodig Hrvoje , Poljak Dragan , Cvetković Mario 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOver recent decades coupled MoM/FEM formulation emerged as dominant method for solving EM scattering problems over inhomogeneous domains. Initial efforts on coupling of edge element BEM with edge element FEM have lost momentum and somehow disappeared from recent literature, possibly because of mathematical and other issues. This article, however, presents correct coupling of edge element BEM with edge element FEM. Such coupling is convenient because edge basis functions are used for modeling both the surface and the interior of the problem. We show that singularity extraction is simpler when compared with singularity extraction in MoM/FEM. Because BEM part of edge element BEM/FEM formulation uses simpler Green's function, the method is easier to implement than MoM/FEM which uses Dyadic Green's functions. The accuracy of the method is demonstrated by comparison with Mie series and with MoM/FEM and MoM/VSIE methods. Convergence of the method with respect to number of surface and interior edges was investigated by comparing 20 computational models with Mie series. Computational results suggest that edge‐element BEM/FEM performs well for scattering problems involving objects with sharp corners. Finally, the ability of the method to cope with relatively large number of elements was demonstrated on the example of human head illuminated by 3.5 GHz EM plane wave.
Improving Iris Recognition with Liquid Lens Technology
Authors: Berthelon Xavier 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIris identification and verification systems have become one of the most accurate biometric modalities due to the iris's unique and distinguishable features. Technical advances have significantly reduced the cost and size of these systems, leading to an increase in the value proposition for several industries. Image resolution and quality of focus are essential in deciphering the complex texture of the iris. Conventional iris recognition devices require bulky and high‐cost systems to overcome the optical constraints of mechanical lens‐based cameras. This paper describes how the use of a liquid lens device can overcome the optical limitations of traditional systems, leading to a low‐cost, smaller, and faster system.
Talking About a Revolution: From Quantum Mechanics to Quantum Technologies
Authors: Ritter Stephan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractQuantum physics is often considered weird, counterintuitive, and irrelevant at macroscopic scales – something for physicists and other nerds. And yet, more and more people talk about it publicly, including politicians like Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and German chancellor Angela Merkel. What has happened? Why is a theory that is about a century old suddenly in vogue when it is combined with the word technology? And why are people talking about a second quantum revolution?
Cost‐Effective Production of Integrated Monolithic Sensor Packages
Authors: Zuehlke Hans‐Ulrich , Gebhardt Mandy 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe growth of the magnetic sensor market is driven by position, speed and angle sensing needs across consumer and industrial applications. Thermal annealing has been used to maximize the magnetoresistance effects of magnetic sensors, but requires multiple steps to produce sensors with different magnetic orientations. This article gives an overview of a new selective laser annealing approach that provides several advantages over thermal annealing, such as enabling smaller magnetic device structures, reducing process steps and simplifying magnetic sensor manufacturing.
The Role of Adaptive Vision AI in Autonomous Machine Vision
Authors: Hyatt Yonatan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAmerican singer‐songwriter Woody Guthrie once said that any fool can make something complicated, but it takes a genius to make it simple. This is the philosophy that guided the team at Inspekto to create adaptive vision AI (AV‐AI), the technology at the core of the company's solutions. AV‐AI technology merges three different AI‐based engines to deliver the most autonomous vision inspection systems currently on the market.
Surface Topography Measurement
Authors: Tan Özgür , Reiff Ellen‐Christine 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWhen testing the surface quality of the finest structures, white‐light interferometers are in their element, both in production and development, as well as in laboratories and research. This measurement principle works on almost all materials, operates without contact, providing surface profiles in 3D with height resolutions in the nanometer range. Today, large‐area measurements are just as possible as detailed investigations with high lateral resolution, e.g. for surface characterization of wafers, optical components or in tribology.
A new robotically assisted system for total knee arthroplasty: A sheep model study
Authors: Chen Xin , Li Zheng , Zhang Xiaofeng , Yan Jun , Ding Lele , Song Youdong , Huo Yujia , Chan Matthew T.V. , Wu William K.K. , Lin Jin 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the accuracy and safety of a new HURWA robotic‐assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) system in a sheep model.MethodsTen male small‐tailed Han sheep were used in this study. Sheep were imaged by computed tomography scan before and after bone resection and the cutting errors between actual bone preparation and preoperative planning of the femur and tibia in three dimensions were measured.ResultsThe overall accuracies after surgery compared with that from preoperative surgical planning of the left and right femurs were 1.93 ± 1.02° and 1.93 ± 1.23°, respectively. Additionally, similarly high overall accuracies for the left and right tibia of 1.26 ± 1.04 and 1.68 ± 0.92°, respectively, were obtained. The gap distances of the distal cut, anterior chamfer, anterior cut, posterior chamfer and posterior cut on the medial side were 0.47 ± 0.35 mm, 0.41 ± 0.37 mm, 0.12 ± 0.26 mm, 0.41 ± 0.44 mm and 0.12 ± 0.23 mm, respectively. No intraoperative complications, such as intraoperative fracture, massive bleeding or death, occurred.ConclusionThis new HURWA robotic‐assisted TKA system is an accurate and safe tool for TKA surgery based on the sheep model.
Periodic event‐triggered control for incrementally quadratic nonlinear systems
Authors: Xu Xiangru , Tahir Adam M. , Açıkmeşe Behçet 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPeriodic event‐triggered control (PETC) evaluates triggering conditions only at periodic sampling times, based on which it is decided whether the controller needs to be updated. This article investigates the global stabilization of nonlinear systems that are affected by external disturbances under PETC mechanisms. Sufficient conditions are provided to ensure the resulting closed‐loop system is input‐to‐state stable (ISS) for the state feedback and the observer‐based output feedback configurations separately. The sampling period and the triggering functions are chosen such that the ISS‐Lyapunov function of continuous dynamics is also the ISS‐Lyapunov function of the overall system. Based on that, sufficient conditions in the form of linear matrix inequalities are provided for the PETC design of incrementally quadratic nonlinear systems. Two simulation examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Polybromides of Transition Metal Chelates – Synthesis, Structure and Spectral Properties
Authors: Babu Ramavath , Bhargavi Govindugari , Rajasekharan Melath V. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFive new polybromide compounds containing tris‐chelates of 1,10‐phenanthroline and 2,2‐bipyridine as counter cations are described: [Mn(phen)3](Br3)2 (1), [Co(phen)3](Br3)3 (3) and [M(phen)3](Br3)(Br8)1/2 where, M=Fe (2), Cu(4) or Zn(5). All are obtained by self assembly in solution starting from divalent transition metal bromides and bromine along with the ligand. In the case of CoBr2, bromine acts as a tribromide precursor as well as oxidising agent. The Mn compound is isomorphous with the corresponding triodide and analogously contains one short and one normal trihalide ion. The Co compound contains one bent but symmetric Br3− ion. The three compounds containing the Z‐shaped octabromide ion are isostructural. While the cation in 1 has a crystallographically imposed C3 symmetry, the tris chelates in the other four compounds have near trigonal symmetry. Unusually, the trigonally compressed octahedral cation in 4 has six almost equal Cu−N bond distances. Attempts to prepare bpy analogs of 1 resulted in a new dibromo‐bridged compound [Mn2Br2(bpy)4](Br3)2 (6) and a dioxo‐bridged compound [Mn2O2(bpy)4](Br3)3 (7). The mixed valence cation in 7 formed by bromine oxidation of MnBr2, followed by disproportionation, is well known with other anions. All the paramagnetic compounds (1, 4, 6, 7) give resolved EPR spectra since the bulky anions help to magnetically isolate the cations. The unsymmetric dibromo bridges in 6 produce a net, albeit weak, ferromagnetic coupling between the two [Mn(bpy)2]2+ fragments. Raman as well as electronic spectra are reported for all compounds. Raman bands, though significantly different even for isostructural compounds, may be understood in terms of Br3− ions and Br2 molecules. All compounds give luminescence from phen and bpy both in solid and solution states, modulated by the coordinated metal ions.
Phytochemical‐Assisted Synthesis of Cuprous Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Antimicrobial Studies
Authors: Mannarmannan Meenakshi , Biswas Krishnendu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles (Nps) were synthesized using the vegetable waste viz. Daucus carota (Carrot) peel and agro wastes Cocos nucifera (Coconut) husk and Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jackfruit) seed. X‐ray diffraction analysis confirmed the formation of cubic Cu2O nanoparticles having high crystallinity. Microscopy analysis of the synthesized Cu2O nanoparticles using D. carota and A. heterophyllus revealed spheroidal‐like cluster formation, whereas rice spikelet nanostructures were observed in the case of C. nucifera synthesized Cu2O Nps. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectra of all the nanoparticles showed the presence of Cu and Oin the desired ratio, confirming the stoichiometry. Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed the presence of the functional groups responsible for the synthesis of the nanoparticles. The antimicrobial activity studies of the synthesized Cu2O nanostructures showed satisfactory results against the bacterial and fungal species. Hence the vegetable and agro‐waste may be regarded as a biofactory for synthesizing the Cu2O nanoparticles.
Pillar[n]arene Derivatives as Sensors for Amino Acids
Authors: Joseph Roymon 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOwing to the involvement in various biological processes, developing sensors for the detection of amino acids is an important area of research. Pillar[n]arenes are elegant macrocyclic systems that have been used as potential host systems for various applications including the sensing of ions and molecules. Since its inclusion in 2008, pillar[n]arenes and its derivatives have received much attention among the researchers, and these molecular systems are used as excellent host systems for the formation of inclusion complexes with various guest molecules which have relevance both in chemistry and biology. Herein, we highlight the recent developments on the sensing of amino acids by pillar[n]arene derivatives. The majority of the sensors we discussed here detect amino acids by fluorescence techniques and their sensing was further supported by various other spectroscopic methods. In some cases sensing was achieved visually by the change in colour of the host system upon interaction with the amino acids.
Metal Mediated Synthesis of 2‐thiazolines: Access to Regio‐ and StereoselectiveN,S‐heterocycles
Authors: Popy Dilruba A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract2‐thiazolines are very important structural motifs in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and in chemistry. Due to their extensive applications, synthesis of these molecules has been investigated widely in recent years. Despite the progress in these areas, the development of efficient methodologies to synthesize such type of molecules, avoiding the use of relatively expensive and/or toxic reagents, harsh reaction conditions and low yields of products, are in high demand. Transition‐metal catalysts played significant roles to meet these challenges in past few decades to synthesize stereochemically importantN‐heterocycles. This mini review focuses on the metal mediated synthetic strategies and challenges of 2‐thiazolines. It was found that most of these protocols involved the formation of both C−N and C−S bonds and the major challenges were the stereochemistry at C‐4 position and C(2)‐exomethine position. Moreover, the development of asymmetric processes was completely overlooked. Here, the reaction scopes, limitations, mechanistic overview and future prospects are also discussed.
Direct Quantification of Mixed Organic Acids Based on Spectral Image with Deep Learning
Authors: Wang Wenjing , Luo Run , Duan Qiannan , Feng Yunjin , Chen Jiayuan , Huang Yicai , Bi Sifan , Liu Fenli , Lee Jianchao 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIdentification of organic acid is crucial indicator for field of environment, healthcare and industry, which involves the time‐consuming and labor‐intensive progress. The simultaneous detection for complex mixture becomes a new target when large‐scale instruments is the mainstream measurement approach. With the burst development of machine learning in solving complex problem, the progress is being made for quick detection of mixtures. The next challenge is to provide sufficient data to satisfy the need of algorithm. In this work, we proposed the modified spectrometer technology combined with the deep learning to quantify the mixed organic acids. Organic acids interact with light in the various background to map the information in the form of images. Deep learning could establish the relationship between images and concentrations. According to the result, trained convolutional neural network could achieve the goal of simultaneous measurement of organic acids, which speeds up the implementation in the parallel detection and suggests new twists in the field of chemistry.
Effect of the Oxygen Vacancies in CeO2 by the Ce3+ Incorporation to Enhance the Photocatalytic Mineralization of Phenol
Authors: Méndez‐Salazar Sandra , Aguilar‐Martínez Octavio , Piña‐Pérez Yanet , Pérez‐Hernández Raúl , Santolalla‐Vargas Carlos E. , Gómez Ricardo , Tzompantzi Francisco 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this paper, the phenol mineralization by Ce3+‐doped CeO2 by photocatalysis at room temperature, is shown for the first time. The photocatalytic behavior of CeO2 was improved through the incorporation of Ce3+ into its crystalline lattice. The materials were prepared by the precipitation method at low temperatures varying the Ce4+:Ce3+ molar ratio of the precursors during the synthesis process. It is worth noting that, the synthesized photocatalysts did not carry out a thermal treatment after their preparation. The results obtained from Raman analysis demonstrated the formation of oxygen vacancies by the incorporation of Ce3+. The improvement of the photocatalytic activity was attributed to an optimal content of Ce3+ which promoted structural defects (such as oxygen vacancies). Radical species, such as O2.−, are mainly formed during the photocatalytic process, which are probably the main responsible for inducing the mineralization process of the studied pollutant.
Sulfur Catalyzed Metal‐ and Solvent‐Free ABB'C Four‐Component Synthesis of N‐Arylidene‐2‐aryl‐imidazo[1‐2‐a]azin‐3‐amines via Strecker Reaction
Authors: Pavithra Thangavel , Devi E. Sankari , Nagarajan Subbiah , Sridharan Vellaisamy , Maheswari C. Uma 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAn efficient ABB'C four‐component Strecker reaction between 2‐aminopyridines, aromatic aldehydes and trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) was developed under metal‐ and solvent‐free conditions to access N‐arylidene‐2‐aryl‐imidazo[1,2‐a]azin‐3‐amines in high yields. This one‐pot reaction was carried out in the presence of elemental sulfur as catalyst using readily available starting material at room temperature. The reaction was tolerant to several substituted 2‐aminopyridines and aryl aldehydes and have good green chemistry metrics as compared to the reported methods.
Covalent Immobilization of Candida antarctica Lipase B on Functionalized Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Zhong Lijuan , He Caiyun , Xiao Chunyan , Yao Chuanyi , Pyatt Ian Howard , Lu Yinghua 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCandida antarctica lipase B (CALB) produced by recombinant Pichia pastoris was covalently immobilized to a carboxyl‐functionalized hollow mesoporous silica sphere (HMS) synthesized by sol‐gel precipitation. The HMS was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffractometer (XRD), and Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET). The immobilized CALB was characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT‐IR) and elemental analysis to verify the binding of enzyme. The free and immobilized CALB were tested in tributyrin hydrolysis. Results revealed that CALB loading capacity of HMS‐COOH was about 28.6 mg/g support and the corresponding enzyme activity was up to about 2700 U/g support at optimal pH and temperature, which was 6.5 and 30 °C respectively. Moreover, compared with free CALB, the immobilized CALB presented more resistant towards the reaction pH and temperature changes. Furthermore, the immobilized CALB retained 60 % residual activity after eight batches of recycling and exhibited better thermal stability and storage stability, which was promising in the potential industrial applications.
Mapping Spatial Genetic Landscapes in Tissue Sections through Microscale Integration of Sampling Methodology into Genomic Workflows
Authors: Voith von Voithenberg Lena , Kashyap Aditya , Opitz Lennart , Aquino Catharine , Sykes Timothy , Nieser Maike , Petrini Lorenzo F. T. , Enrriquez Casimiro Nadia , van Kooten Xander F. , Biskup Saskia , Schlapbach Ralph , Schraml Peter , Kaigala Govind V. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn cancer research, genomic profiles are often extracted from homogenized macrodissections of tissues, with the histological context lost and a large fraction of material underutilized. Pertinently, the spatial genomic landscape provides critical complementary information in deciphering disease heterogeneity and progression. Microscale sampling methods such as microdissection to obtain such information are often destructive to a sizeable fraction of the biopsy sample, thus showing limited multiplexability and adaptability to different assays. A modular microfluidic technology is here implemented to recover cells at the microscale from tumor tissue sections, with minimal disruption of unsampled areas and tailored to interface with genome profiling workflows, which is directed here toward evaluating intratumoral genomic heterogeneity. The integrated workflow—GeneScape—is used to evaluate heterogeneity in a metastatic mammary carcinoma, showing distinct single nucleotide variants and copy number variations in different tumor tissue regions, suggesting the polyclonal origin of the metastasis as well as development driven by multiple location‐specific drivers.