bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh penggunaan Scrapbook dalam Model Problem Based Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XI IPA SMAN 14 Gowa (Studi pada Materi Pokok Sistem Koloid)
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Muharram Muharram , Danial Muhammad 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan scrapbook pada model problem based learning terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMAN 14 Gowa tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 pada materi pokok sistem koloid. Kelas yang terpilih sebagai sampel penelitian yaitu kelas XI IPA 3 sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan kelas XI IPA 4 sebagai kelas kontrol. Dalam penelitian ini, sebagai variabel bebas adalah model problem based learning dengan penggunaan scrapbook dan model problem based learning tanpa penggunaan scrapbook . sedangkan sebagai variabel terikat adalah hasil belajar peserta didik. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Hasil analisis prasyarat statistik inferensial terhadap posttest hasil belajar menunjukkan bahwa data pada kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol tidak terdistribusi normal serta memiliki varians yang homogen. Uji non-parametrik uji Mann-whitney dengan α = 0,05 dan dk= 4 dan diperoleh zhitung > ztabel ( 1,85>1,64) sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima berarti ada pengaruh penggunaan scrapbook pada model problem based learning terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMAN 14 Gowa pada materi pokok sistem koloid.

Kata kunci: PBL, scrapbook, hasil belajar

ABSTRACT
This research was quasi-experimental research that aimed to know The Effect of using Scrapbook on Problem Based Learning Model toward student achievement in class XI IPA SMAN 14 Gowa in academic year 2018/2019 on subject matter Colloidal System. Classes selected as research samples were class XI IPA 3 as experimental group and XI IPA 4 as control group. Problem based learning model with scrapbook and problem based learning model without scrapbook as the independent variables. Meanwhile, student achievement as the dependent variables. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistic and inferential statistic. The result of inferential statistic prerequisite analysis on posttest of student achievement showed that the data in the experimental group and control group wasn’t normally distributed and data has homogeneous variance. The non-parametric test of Mann-Whitney test with α = 0,05 and dk= 4 and obtained Zcalculated>Ztable (1,85 > 1,64). It can be conclude than H0 rejected and H1 acccepted which means there was an effect of using scrapbook on Problem Based Learning model toward student achievement in class XI IPA SMAN 14 Gowa of subject matter colloidal system.

Keywords: PBL, scrapbook, student achievement
Sintesis Nanopartikel Mangan Oksida dengan Metode Sol Gel dan Uji Aktivitas Katalitik terhadap Degradasi Zat Warna Rhodamin B
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Herawati Netti , Wijaya Mohammad 
Published: January 2021

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang sintesis nanopartikel mangan oksida menggunakan prekursor KMnO4 dengan metode sol gel, dengan menambahkan aditif etilendiamin dan etilen glikol yang berperan sebagai agen penstabil, selanjutnya menguji aktivitas katalitik dari mangan oksida tersebut terhadap proses degradasi warna rhodamin B. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan zat aditif terhadap ukuran dan bentuk nanopartikel yang dihasilkan serta kemampuannya sebagai katalis dalam proses degradasi zat warna rhodamin B. Nanopartikel yang diperoleh, dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) dan SEM (Scanning Elektron Microscope) serta penentuan aktivitas katalitik dalam proses degradasi terhadap zat warna rhodamin B dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sintesis nanopartikel menggunakan aditif etilendiamin lebih baik dibandingkan dengan aditif etilen glikol karena ukuran nanopartikel berkisar antara 5,66-33,38 dalam bentuk tetragonal. Morfologi nanopartikel mangan oksida terlihat berbentuk bulat yang seragam. Nanopartikel mangan oksida hasil sintesis mampu mempercepat proses degradasi warna rhodamin B dengan persentase degradasi mencapai 85,6%.

Kata kunci: Nanopartikel, Mangan Oksida , Sol gel dan Rhodamin B

ABSTRACT
Research has been carried out on the synthesis of manganese oxide nanoparticles using KMnO4 precursors with the sol gel method, by adding ethylenediamine and ethylene glycol additives which act as stabilizing agents, then tested the catalytic activity of the manganese oxide on the degradation process of Rhodamine B. This study aims to determine the effect of adding substances additives on the size and shape of the nanoparticles were produced and their ability as catalysts in the degradation process of Rhodamin B. Nanoparticles were obtained, characterized using XRD (X-Ray Diffraction)and SEM (Scanning Elektron Microscope)and determination of catalytic activity in the degradation process of rhodamine B dyes with UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that the synthesis of nanoparticles using ethylenediamine additives was better than ethylene glycol additives because the size of the nanoparticles ranged from 5.66 to 33.38 in the tetragonal form. The morphology of manganese oxide nanoparticles looks uniform in shape. Manganese oxide nanoparticles can accelerate the degradation process of Rhodamin B with a percentage of degradation reaching 85.6%.

Keywords: Nanoparticles, Manganese Oxide, Sol gel and Rhodamin B
HfN multi charge trapping layers for Hf-based metal-oxide-nitride-oxide-Si nonvolatile memory
Authors: Ohmi S. , Horiuchi Y. , Morita H. , Ihara A. , Pyo J.Y. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe effect of HfN multi charge trapping layers (CTLs) on the Hf-based metal/oxide/nitride/oxide/Si (MONOS) nonvolatile memory characteristics was investigated to improve the threshold voltage (VTH) controllability. The Hf-based MONOS structure with HfN1.3/HfN1.1/HfN1.3/HfN1.14-layer CTL realized precise control of flat-band voltage (VFB) andVTHcompared to the Hf-based MONOS with HfN1.11-layer CTL. The hysteresis width after the program operation was markedly decreased which was originated from the stable trap site formation at the interface of the multi CTL. The retention and fatigue characteristics were found to be remarkably improved for the Hf-based MONOS structure with HfN multi CTL.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENCEGAHAN HIV/AIDS PADA MAHASISWA KEPERAWATAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN TEORI HEALTH BELIEF MODEL
Authors: Febriyanti Erna 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAK
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) masih menjadi masalah utama kesehatan masyarakat di berbagai negara termasuk Indonesia salah satunya. Mahasiswa merupakan kelompok remaja usia produktif dimana pada usia ini rentan terhadap penularan HIV/AIDS. Usia remaja merupakan usia mayoritas mahasiswa yang dianggap rentan tertular dikarenakan pengetahuan yang kurang akan bahaya HIV/AIDS. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada mahasiswa keperawatan. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa keperawatan di Universitas Citra Bangsa dan STIKes Maranatha Kupang. Sampel penelitian adalah mahasiswa keperawatan yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan besar sampel 100 responden, kemudian dilakukan analisis menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persepsi kerentanan yang dirasakan, persepsi keseriusan yang dirasakan, persepsi manfaat yang dirasakan, persepsi hambatan yang dirasakan, persepsi isyarat untuk bertindak, keyakinan diri (self efficacy) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada mahasiswa Universitas Citra Bangsa dan STIKes Maranatha Kupang. Hasil penelitian ini berguna untuk mahasiswa yang bersangkutan untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan perilaku pencegahan HIV/AIDS serta penyakit menular seksual lainnya.
Kata kunci: Faktor- Faktor, Perilaku, Pencegahan, HIV / AIDS.
La política latinoamericana de Wilson (1913 -1921). Ensayo de interpretacion
Authors: Zyblikiewicz Lubomir 
Published: January 2021

La politica latinoamericana de Wilson (1913-1921). Ensayo de Interpretacion.
Zyblikiewicz's article describes Woodrow Wilson's foreign policy toward Latin American states, which was shaped chiefly by economical considerations. Woodrow Wilson very soon started to create a basis for such foreign policy, starting with fdeclarations of friendship and brotherhood with Latin American states few days after taking office. Various measures towards different actors from multiple Latin American states were taken to reinforce this policy.
Nitrogen and boron fertilization in cauliflower
Authors: Bonetti J. A. , Fernandes S. O. , Zanuzo M. R. , Lange A. , Machado R. A. F. 
Published: January 2021

Nitrogen and boron participate concurrently in the growth and development process of plants by changing cell division processes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of sources and doses of nitrogen, associated with boron doses and sulfur on the yield and quality aspects of Verona CMS cauliflower. The experimental design was set up under split plot design in randomized blocks, with 3 replicates. The treatments in the plot were sources of ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4) and calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2) x doses of nitrogen, being 125, 150, 175 and 200 kg ha-1 on topdressing system and in the subplot doses of boron (0, 2, 4 and 6 kg ha-1). The fresh curd mass, curd and stem diameter, total and commercial yield, besides the contents of nitrogen, boron and sulfur in the leaf and curd, were evaluated. The sources and doses of nitrogen and the doses of boron did not influence the fresh curd mass, stem diameter and the total yield of 'Verona CMS' cauliflower. Enhancing doses of Ca(NO3)2 increased curd diameter, however in combination with boron doses there was antagonism effect on curd development. The contents of nitrogen and boron in the leaf were influenced by the fertilization of nitrogen and boron, respectively, when the calcium nitrate source was used.
ПОВЕРХНЕВИЙ ШАР ДЕТАЛІ ІЗ СТАЛІ 45 ПІСЛЯ ЗМІЦНЕННЯ БОРУВАННЯМ І ЛАЗЕРНОЇ ОБРОБКИ
Authors: Чернета О.Г.,  , Сасов О.О.  , Шматко Д.З.  , Аверянов В.C.  
Published: January 2021

В роботі досліджені технології обробки і зміцнення поверхневого шару деталей із сталі 45, що на першому етапі передбачають відновлення геометрії поверхні, борування і лазерну обробку борованого шару. Проведений аналіз структуроутворення пошарових зон в залежності від технологічних методів обробки, розроблена методика визначення параметрів мікротвердості, пружності, коефіцієнту пластичності відповідних локальних зон за допомогою приладу “Micron-gamma”. Проведені дослідження фізико-механічних властивостей робочих шарів і мікротвердості. За результати проведених досліджень на відповідних зразках деталей із сталі 45 отримані зображення мікроструктур робочих поверхонь, приведені таблиці і графіки розподілу мікротвердості поверхневого шару деталі. Представлені результати доводять про доцільність використовування розроблених технологій відновлення і зміцнення широкого спектру деталей із сталі 45 у машинобудуванні.
ТЕРМОЕЛЕКТРИЧНІ ВЛАСТИВОСТІ КРИСТАЛІВ AgSbSe2–PbSe
Authors: Новосад О. В.  , Божко В. В.  , Федосов С. А.  , Шигорін П. П.  
Published: January 2021

В роботі дослідженні термоелектричні властивості твердих розчинів AgSbSe2–PbSe. Показано, що електричні та термоелектричні властивості залежать від складу твердого розчину AgSbSe2–PbSe. Змінюючи склад твердих розчинів AgSbSe2–PbSe можна плавно змінювати їх електричні та термоелектричні властивості. Більшість досліджуваних сполук виявились напівпровідниками p-типу провідності. Питома електропровідність кристалів на основі AgSbSe2 із збільшенням PbSe зменшувалась від 1,4 Ом-1∙см-1, для монокристалів AgSbSe2, до 10-2 Ом-1∙см-1, для монокристалів AgSbSe2–PbSe з вмістом 40 мол. % PbSe. Також зменшення питомої електропровідності спостерігалось і для монокристалів на основі PbSe із збільшенням вмісту AgSbSe2. В AgSbSe2–PbSe на основі AgSbSe2 збільшенням вмісту PbSe призводить до зростання коефіцієнта Зеебека від 530 мкВ/К до 1100 мкВ/К для AgSbSe2 та монокристалів складу 60% AgSbSe2–40% PbSe. Досліджувані в роботі монокристали, маючи високе значення α, можуть використовуватися як матеріали чутливих термодатчикiв.
Assessment of Anteroposterior Diameter of Nasolacrimal Canal with Multidetector CT in a Tertiary Care Center of Nepal
Authors: Chaulagain Rajib , Paudel Bigyan , Poudel Dipesh 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The nasolacrimal canal is an important structure. It morphologically varies throughout its length. The narrowest part of the canal is the key factor in the development of the primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. This study was aimed to assess anteroposterior nasolacrimal canal diameter and study its variation by comparing the data with the gender of the patients.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the patients coming to the Chitwan Medical College, Nepal from January 2021 till June 2021. In total 200 eligible CT scans of patients were included. CT scan was performed using Somatom Definition Edge CT scan machine. The data were entered into Microsoft excel, later transferred into Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) version 16 and analysed using descriptive statistics.
Results: There were 200 participants in total in this study in which majority were males 126 (63.3%) male and 72 (36.4%) female participants. The mean age of the participants was 40.81±18.06 years. The measurement on the right side of both genders was more than the left side. In total the measurement on the right side (Mean ± SD (mm)) was 4.18±0.092 mm.
Conclusions: This study concludes the diameter of nasolacrimal canal differ by gender and the sides of individual. It was found to be more in females and on the right side of Nepalese.
Assessing Severity of Chronic Obstructive lung disease (COPD) Using CAT score among high altitude residents of Nepal
Authors: Pal Anusmriti , Kumar Yadav Manoj , Krishna Gupta Tula 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The goal of this study was to see if the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Assessment Test (CAT) score was beneficial in determining the severity of COPD patients. It produces a score that reflects the impact of the condition on their health status. GOLD guideline (2013) recommends CAT above other respiratory questionnaires since it is regarded to be a better assessment tool.
Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Jumla (Nepal) who presented with COPD exacerbation. A validated CAT questionnaire in the local language (Nepali) was employed and completed by the patient, and then the total CAT score was calculated and grouped into four impact levels. Data was evaluated using descriptive statistics (such as percentage and mean) and Pearson’s correlation tests to compare means.
Results: Out of 55 patients, 52.7% were females; all 55 had firewood exposure with current smoking history more prevalent in the high-impact group 0.5%. At 3 months, the median number of COPD exacerbations was 2 (range: 0–90) with median CAT score 30 (range: 17–37). Patients were divided into severity groups based on their CAT scores. 47.3% were in the high impact group, whereas none were in the low impact group. The “very high impact” group had a considerably higher median number of exacerbations than the other high impact and medium groups (5 vs. 2 and 0) respectively with p<0.001. In the “very high impact” group, significant use of inhalers in form of salbutamol or long-acting bronchodilators in combination with steroid was seen.
Conclusions: CAT is an independent severity score that is higher in frequent exacerbates. The “very high impact” group had a considerably higher median number of exacerbations than the other groups (5 vs. 2 and 0) respectively with a significant p<0.001 value. Thus, useful in monitoring patients health status and treatment.
A Comparative Analysis Of Depth of Curve Of Spee Between Individuals with Normal Dentition And Individuals With Occlusally Worn Out Dentition
Authors: Khanal Bibek , Mishra Sapkota Srijana , Thakur Smriti Narayan , Chaulagain Rajib 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The curve of spee plays an important role to create Christensen’s phenomenon in natural dentition. This study was performed to assess the difference in depth of the curve of Spee between normal and attrited dentition.
Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was performed to measure the depth of curve speed in a total of 80 willing participants who met the inclusion criteria, of which 40 had normal dentition and 40 had attrited dentition. Measurements were done on stone casts by using a rigid metal scale and a digital vernier caliper. Analytical statistical analysis (independent t-test) was done using SPSS Statistical Software Package (version 21.0).
Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the depth of the curve of Spee between the two groups.
Conclusions: The depth of the curve of spee decreases with the advancing of the age of human as attrition of the teeth occurs with age. Although there is a decrease in the depth of the curve of spee it should be maintained and created while performing full mouth rehabilitation and other extensive prosthodontic treatments.
RESPONS GURU TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Simanjuntak Sri Yunita , Kismartini  , Dwimawanti Ida Hayu , Hidayatullah Muhammad Arif 
Published: January 2021

Kebijakan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh yang diterapkan selama masa pandemi merupakan upaya paling baik yang dipilih oleh pemerintah dalam meminimalisir tingkat penularan Covid-19 di sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana respons guru terhadap kebijakan pembelajaran jarak jauh selama pandemi di Provinsi Jambi. Metode penelitiannya adalah metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, sumber datanya berupa kuisioner yang diberikan kepada 245 responden guru sekolah dasar (SD/MI dan SMP/MTs) mitra Tanoto Foundation di 7 Kabupaten di Provinsi Jambi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 100% responden guru menyatakan telah melaksanakan proses pembelajaran jarak jauh, metode pembelajaran yang paling banyak digunakan adalah dengan memberikan tugas berupa soal kepada siswa dengan responden sebesar 80% atau sebanyak 195 orang, 30% atau sebanyak 52 orang menyatakan tidak melakukan perubahan kurikulum dalam pelaksanaan PJJ, 81% atau 176 orang menyatakan bentuk dukungan guru kepada orangtua adalah dengan memberikan informasi sumber belajar kepada orangtua untuk disampaikan ke murid, sarana komunikasi paling banyak yang digunakan adalah 65% atau sebanyak 160 orang menyatakan dengan media sosial dalam bentul WA grup, google hangout, facebook dan messenger.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Patients Failing Antiretroviral Therapy in Lebanon from 2009 to 2013
Authors: Hachem Ahmad A. , Hariri Essa H. , Mansour Anthony , Mokhbat Jacques 
Published: January 2021

Background: Antiretroviral drug resistance remains a significant problem in the clinical management of patients infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1. Aim: This study investigates and reports data on the molecular characterization of HIV-1 isolates from patients who are in a state of therapy failure. Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted on 65 patients in therapy failure. Inclusion criteria included patients diagnosed as being in therapy failure between the years 2009 and 2013. We defined ART failure as either a failure to achieve viral suppression or a failure to detect viral loads below 500 copies/mL after virological suppression in at least two plasma samples. We used the published WHO list for surveillance of transmitted resistance and the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database to identify drug resistance mutations. Results: 65% of the participants had at least one drug resistance mutation (DRM). 12% of the population sampled had resistance to only one ART class, 32% presented with resistance to two classes of antiretroviral drugs, and 20% had resistance to all three classes of drugs. The prevalence of nucleoside transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutations was 55%, the most common DRM being M184V. The prevalence of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations was 58%, with the most common mutation being the K103N mutation. The prevalence of protease inhibitors drug resistance mutations was 23%, with mutations V82A and I47V being present in 10% of the study population. Conclusion: Our study is the first molecular characterization of DRM emergence in HIV-1 strains from patients failing antiretroviral therapy in Lebanon. Continuous monitoring of resistance patterns for HIV in the country is necessary to tackle the emergent drug resistance.
Une perspective hongroise sur la fin de l’empire des Habsbourg
Authors: Horel Catherine 
Published: January 2021

Le paradoxe de 1918 réside dans l’accession à l’indépendance et le démantèlement consécutif du royaume de Hongrie. La fin de la double monarchie signifie pour la Hongrie une souveraineté amputée, dont la douleur est aggravée par le syndrome de la défaite. Si les Hongrois ont été finalement si loyaux envers l’Empire, c’est parce qu’ils défendaient avant tout leur position. Dans le courant de 1918, le mécontentement gagne l’arrière où des grèves sont déclenchées. La situation militaire se dégrade, les dernières offensives austro-allemandes font long feu, et le climat sociopolitique est délétère. L’enchaînement révolutionnaire se déroule selon une temporalité accélérée à partir de la fin octobre : la république est proclamée le 16 novembre 1918, mais le nouvel État, soumis aux exigences territoriales des pays successeurs et à la surenchère communiste, est subverti en mars 1919 par les bolcheviques.
La fin du Viribus unitis, entre écriture documentaire et fiction (1918-2018)
Authors: Baric Daniel 
Published: January 2021

Le Viribus unitis, navire amiral de la marine austro-hongroise, sombra à l’aube du 1er novembre 1918 dans la rade de Pola/Pula, alors que l’armée impériale et royale cessait d’exister. Les soldats italiens qui réussirent à miner le cuirassé devinrent instantanément des héros officiels de l’Italie qui bientôt occupa la ville. L’événement acquit une force symbolique, mais dont la signification changea, selon les contextes nationaux. Du côté des protagonistes italiens se développa dans l’entre-deux-guerres un discours qui s’opposa progressivement à une instrumentalisation de l’équipée victorieuse par le régime mussolinien. En Yougoslavie, puis en Croatie, la mémoire de l’événement se concentra de plus en plus sur la figure de l’amiral vaincu, Janko Vuković von Podkapelski, qui trouva la mort avec une partie de l’équipage. L’évocation de ses derniers instants dans des formes culturelles hybrides (roman documentaire et chanson) suggère des résonances politiques divergentes, selon l’interprétation donnée à sa fidélité.
Vom Naturalismus zur Nervenkunst. Bemerkungen zur frühen literarischen Produktion Ludwig von Fickers
Authors: Ender Markus 
Published: January 2021

Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, auf welche Weise die frühe literarische Produktion des Innsbrucker Publizisten Ludwig von Ficker (1880‒1967) vom Naturalismus bzw. der Moderne beeinflusst war. Ficker veröffentlichte um die Jahrhundertwende zwei Dramen, einen Gedichtband sowie einzelne kurze Texte in der regionalen Presse, konnte aber erst mit seinem publizistischen Hauptwerk, der Kunst- und Kulturzeitschrift „Der Brenner“ (1910–1954), reüssieren. Für die Zeit bis zum Anbruch des „expressionistischen Jahrzehnts“ werden die vielfältigen Einflussfaktoren nachgezeichnet, die auf den jungen Dichter wirkten, sein Schaffen kontextualisiert sowie sein Weg von einer an der Provinzkunst angelehnten Literatur hin zu einem breiteren Kulturbegriff dargestellt.