bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An optimized workflow scheduling algorithm on CPU-GPU heterogeneous systems
Authors: Ma Haoyang , Fang Juan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aiming at the workflow scheduling problem on CPU-GPU heterogeneous systems, this article proposes a workflow scheduling algorithm that optimizes task priority and processor selection phase. This article focuses on the relationship between processor processing time and task acceleration ratio, and uses optimistic finish time table. This article estimates each task’s communication cost and computation cost on the basis of each task’s acceleration ratio ri. Then the algorithm calculates the task’s priority ranku based on communication cost and computation cost. In processor selection phase, this article takes the Earliest Finish Time (EFT) difference between the processor with the fastest task and the processor selected based on Heterogeneous Earliest Finish Time (HEFT) algorithm as the judgment condition k. If the difference between the earliest completion time of all child tasks is greater than k, the algorithm selects the processor selected by the HEFT algorithm; otherwise, the algorithm selects another one. This article uses the computational shared facility’s kernel timer for simulation experiment, which bases on the University of Manchester’s high performance computing cluster. Based on the simulation results, the proposed algorithm can reduce the maximum completion time and energy consumption, and improve the acceleration ratio. Compared with the HEFT algorithm, the task maximum completion time and energy consumption are reduced by 10% and 5% respectively, and the acceleration ratio is improved by 3%.
Statistical Evaluation of Green Economic Development Based on Rough Set Calculation Method
Authors: Peng Minjing , Fan Jiajia 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In the context of big data, decisions and evaluations in business, economics and other fields increasingly rely on data analysis rather than experience and intuition. Data grows exponentially, but not all of it is useful. Rough set is a data mining method to deal with data classification, which can effectively remove redundant information. Green economy is an important proposition of the current world development. The evaluation of green economy should not only focus on economic data, but also environmental and social data. How to filter the data and establish a green economic index evaluation model is the problem this paper wants to solve. Based on the data of green economy and rough set algorithm, this paper evaluates the development level of green economy. Taking the data of Jiangmen city as an example, the evaluation model is tested and analyzed.
Impacts of stormwater infiltration on downslope soil moisture and tree water use
Authors: Western Andrew W , Arora Meenakshi , Burns Matthew J , Bonneau Jérémie , Thom Jasmine K , Yong Chui Fern , James Robert B , Poelsma Peter J , Fletcher Tim D 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Infiltration of stormwater is a widely used strategy to mitigate the flooding and environmental risks that come from urban runoff and conventional urban drainage. An understanding of the fate of this infiltrated water is required for rigorous design. Principal design objectives are typically to restore more natural hydrology in order to protect receiving waters from pollution and hydrologic change. Without such understanding there is also a risk of unforeseen impacts on nearby infrastructure and urban vegetation. We sought to understand the pathways and fate of water from a stormwater infiltration basin. To trace water, we used a combination of water table monitoring and isotopic composition analysis in the infiltration basin, as well as in rainfall, soil water, the shallow groundwater, and in vegetation upslope and downslope of the basin. We also measured tree water use directly using sap flow sensors. The infiltration basin was shown to increase the availability of water downslope, allowing trees to maintain elevated levels of water use during dry periods with high energy demand. In contrast, water limitation upslope saw substantial seasonal reductions in tree water use. The soil water isotopic composition demonstrated significant differences from upslope to downslope, with downslope water being more reflective of rainfall, while the upslope water used by the trees was more depleted. The results paint a picture of stormwater infiltration being a significant source of lateral flow, while trees are a significant sink of lateral flow emanating from the basin. This finding suggests that stormwater infiltration could be used as a strategy to support the health and growth of urban trees. Urban trees have demonstrated benefits for human health and comfort, particularly in a warming climate. It also suggests that stormwater infiltration may not always recharge groundwater and provide baseflow in receiving waters, being instead taken up by vegetation. These findings should be considered in the siting of stormwater infiltration systems, to ensure that the objectives they were designed for are actually met.
Progress on microstructure features and creep properties of prospective Tin-Silver-Zinc alloy using a magnetic field
Authors: Hammad A E , El-Molla Sara , El-Rehim A F Abd , Ragab M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In the current work, applying a rotating magnetic field (RMF) is an innovative approach to improve the microstructure features and creep resistance of Sn-2.0Ag-2.0Zn (SAZ) alloy. The results revealed that RMF does not change intermetallic compounds (IMCs) constituents furthermore SAZ alloy with applying a magnetic field (SAZ-B) exhibited microstructure refinement and homogeneous distribution of IMCs. Moreover, SAZ-B displayed more creep resistance (∼366%) and greater creep rupture time (∼56.4%) than those of SAZ alloy. These results have great implications in improving the alloy’s performance for industrial applications.
Telling the Untold Story: Jewish Wartime Refuge in Haiti in Louis-Philippe Dalembert’s Avant que les ombres s’effacent
Authors: Casteel Sarah Phillips 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Literary narratives of Jewish refugees in the Caribbean uncover a forgotten chapter of wartime history. A key example is Haitian author Louis-Philippe Dalembert’s novel Avant que les ombres s’effacent (2017), which tracks the traumatic dispersion of a Polish Jewish family to Haiti, Cuba, Israel, and the US in the late 1930s. Dalembert interweaves the tale of his Jewish protagonist’s flight to Haiti with portrayals of the Haitian émigré community in Paris and the Haitian concentration camp prisoner Jean-Marcel Nicolas. Blending fact and fiction, the novel highlights the Haitian state’s little-known efforts to aid Holocaust refugees and connects those efforts to the island nation’s own revolutionary history. In this article, I argue that fiction’s unique traits as a medium of cultural memory enable Dalembert to reframe the wartime past from a Haitian perspective. Avant que les ombres s’effacent harnesses the fictional privileges of literary narrative, mediating between the real and the imaginary and combining Jewish and Caribbean memory systems in unexpected and often startling ways. Generating images of the wartime past that transform our perception of it, the novel moves Haiti to the center of the story and in so doing uncovers global dimensions of Jewish experience.
Defining Ideal External Female Genital Anatomy via Crowdsourcing Analysis
Authors: Frojo Gianfranco , Kareh Aurora M , Stash Bryce D , Probst Kenneth X , Rector Jeffrey D , Plikaitis Christina M , Lund Herluf G , Lin Alexander Y 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Despite existing anthropometric data in the literature regarding the variation of female external genital anatomy, the ideal aesthetic characteristics have yet to be defined.

Objectives
The authors utilized crowdsourcing to better evaluate preferred anatomic characteristics of external female genitalia.

Methods
Fifty-six total images were digitally created by altering the proportions of the labia minora, labia majora, and clitoral hood. Images with differing ratios were presented in pairs to Amazon Mechanical Turk (Seattle, WA, USA) raters. Three different experiments were performed with each varying 2 of the 3 image characteristics to permit 2-factor modeling. The Bradley-Terry-Luce model was applied to the pairwise comparisons ratings to create a rank order for each image. Preferences for each anatomic variable were compared with chi-squared tests.

Results
A total of 5000 raters participated. Experiment 1 compared differing widths of the labia majora and labia minora and determined a significant preference for larger labia majora width and mid-range labia minora width (P = 0.007). Experiment 2 compared labia minora width vs clitoral hood length and showed a statistically significant preference for wider majoras (P &lt; 0.001) but no significant preference in clitoral hood length (P = 0.54). Experiment 3 compared clitoral hood length vs labia minora width and showed a statistically significant preference for mid-range labia minora widths (P &lt; 0.001) but no significant preference in clitoral hood length (P = 0.78).

Conclusions
Raters preferred a labia majora to labia minora width ratio of 3:1 with minimal preference in clitoral hood length.
Factors Influencing Social Work Identity in Mental Health Placements
Authors: Smith Fiona Louise , Harms Louise , Brophy Lisa 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis article shares findings from a study that explored factors contributing to the development of a social work professional identity, with a particular focus on social work students undertaking field education placements in mental health settings. Social work identity is not well recognised or articulated by experienced practitioners, nor does it appear to be adequately emphasised in social work education and training programmes. There is limited research on social work identity in mental health settings and even less pertaining to students’ efforts to construct a professional identity in such paradigmatically unfamiliar environments. This qualitative study explored how students understand, experience and articulate their developing professional identity in mental health settings. Participants were interviewed towards the completion of seventy-day (500-hour) field placements. Findings highlight that students struggled to relate to the concept of a ‘social work identity’ and were unable to articulate what it might be or involve. Students were more at ease describing specific roles they performed during their placement. However, analysis of their reflections on what they observed, what they did during placement, and reflective or integrative opportunities, provided rich descriptions of a range of the factors contributing to and influencing their developing social work identity.
Articulatory Gain Predicts Motor Cortex and Subthalamic Nucleus Activity During Speech
Authors: Dastolfo-Hromack C , Bush A , Chrabaszcz A , Alhourani A , Lipski W , Wang D , Crammond D J , Shaiman S , Dickey M W , Holt L L , Turner R S , Fiez J A , Richardson R M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Speaking precisely is important for effective verbal communication, and articulatory gain is one component of speech motor control that contributes to achieving this goal. Given that the basal ganglia have been proposed to regulate the speed and size of limb movement, that is, movement gain, we explored the basal ganglia contribution to articulatory gain, through local field potentials (LFP) recorded simultaneously from the subthalamic nucleus (STN), precentral gyrus, and postcentral gyrus. During STN deep brain stimulation implantation for Parkinson’s disease, participants read aloud consonant-vowel-consonant syllables. Articulatory gain was indirectly assessed using the F2 Ratio, an acoustic measurement of the second formant frequency of/i/vowels divided by/u/vowels. Mixed effects models demonstrated that the F2 Ratio correlated with alpha and theta activity in the precentral gyrus and STN. No correlations were observed for the postcentral gyrus. Functional connectivity analysis revealed that higher phase locking values for beta activity between the STN and precentral gyrus were correlated with lower F2 Ratios, suggesting that higher beta synchrony impairs articulatory precision. Effects were not related to disease severity. These data suggest that articulatory gain is encoded within the basal ganglia-cortical loop.
ProBDNF Dependence of LTD and Fear Extinction Learning in the Amygdala of Adult Mice
Authors: Ma Xiaoyun , Vuyyuru Harish , Munsch Thomas , Endres Thomas , Lessmann Volkmar , Meis Susanne 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNeurotrophins are secreted proteins that control survival, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity. While mature neurotrophins regulate these functions via tyrosine kinase signaling (Trk), uncleaved pro-neurotrophins bind preferentially to the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) and often exert opposite effects to those of mature neurotrophins. In the amygdala, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) enables long-term potentiation as well as fear and fear extinction learning. In the present study, we focused on the impact of mature BDNF and proBDNF signaling on long-term depression (LTD) in the lateral amygdala (LA). Hence, we conducted extracellular field potential recordings in an in vitro slice preparation and recorded LTD in cortical and thalamic afferents to the LA. LTD was unchanged by acute block of BDNF/TrkB signaling. In contrast, LTD was inhibited by blocking p75NTR signaling, by disinhibition of the proteolytic cleavage of proBDNF into mature BDNF, and by preincubation with a function-blocking anti-proBDNF antibody. Since LTD-like processes in the amygdala are supposed to be related to fear extinction learning, we locally inhibited p75NTR signaling in the amygdala during or after fear extinction training, resulting in impaired fear extinction memory. Overall, these results suggest that in the amygdala proBDNF/p75NTR signaling plays a pivotal role in LTD and fear extinction learning.
Chaebols and firm dynamics in Korea
Authors: Aghion Philippe , Guriev Sergei , Jo Kangchul 
Published: August 2021

SUMMARY
We study firm dynamics in Korea before and after the 1997/8 Asian crisis and pro-competitive reforms that reduced the dominance of chaebols. We find that in industries that were dominated by chaebols before the crisis, labour productivity and total factor productivity of non-chaebol firms increased markedly after the reforms (relative to other industries). Furthermore, entry of non-chaebol firms increased significantly in all industries after the reform. After the crisis, the non-chaebol firms also dramatically increased their patenting activity. Finally, markups of chaebol firms declined substantially, especially within industries dominated by chaebols before the crisis. These results suggest that the crisis had the virtue of helping Korea move from catching-up growth based on investment in existing technologies to innovation-based growth.
Physical activity and fitness in the community: the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Nayor Matthew , Chernofsky Ariel , Spartano Nicole L , Tanguay Melissa , Blodgett Jasmine B , Murthy Venkatesh L , Malhotra Rajeev , Houstis Nicholas E , Velagaleti Raghava S , Murabito Joanne M , Larson Martin G , Vasan Ramachandran S , Shah Ravi V , Lewis Gregory D 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Aims
While greater physical activity (PA) is associated with improved health outcomes, the direct links between distinct components of PA, their changes over time, and cardiorespiratory fitness are incompletely understood.

Methods and results
Maximum effort cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and objective PA measures [sedentary time (SED), steps/day, and moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA)] via accelerometers worn for 1 week concurrent with CPET and 7.8 years prior were obtained in 2070 Framingham Heart Study participants [age 54 ± 9 years, 51% women, SED 810 ± 83 min/day, steps/day 7737 ± 3520, MVPA 22.3 ± 20.3 min/day, peak oxygen uptake (VO2) 23.6 ± 6.9 mL/kg/min]. Adjusted for clinical risk factors, increases in steps/day and MVPA and reduced SED between the two assessments were associated with distinct aspects of cardiorespiratory fitness (measured by VO2) during initiation, early-moderate level, peak exercise, and recovery, with the highest effect estimates for MVPA (false discovery rate &lt;5% for all). Findings were largely consistent across categories of age, sex, obesity, and cardiovascular risk. Increases of 17 min of MVPA/day [95% confidence interval (CI) 14–21] or 4312 steps/day (95% CI 3439–5781; ≈54 min at 80 steps/min), or reductions of 249 min of SED per day (95% CI 149–777) between the two exam cycles corresponded to a 5% (1.2 mL/kg/min) higher peak VO2. Individuals with high (above-mean) steps or MVPA demonstrated above average peak VO2 values regardless of whether they had high or low SED.

Conclusions
Our findings provide a detailed assessment of relations of different types of PA with multidimensional cardiorespiratory fitness measures and suggest favourable longitudinal changes in PA (and MVPA in particular) are associated with greater objective fitness.
A VIRTUAL Sleep Apnoea management pathway For the work-up of Atrial fibrillation patients in a digital Remote Infrastructure: VIRTUAL-SAFARI
Authors: Verhaert Dominique V M , Betz Konstanze , Gawałko Monika , Hermans Astrid N L , Pluymaekers Nikki A H A , van der Velden Rachel M J , Philippens Suzanne , Vorstermans Bianca , Simons Sami O , den Uijl Dennis W , Chaldoupi Sevasti-Maria , Luermans Justin G L M , Westra Sjoerd W , Lankveld Theo , Kadhim Kadhim , Pepin Jean-Louis , van Steenwijk Reindert P , Hol Bernard , Schotten Ulrich , Sanders Prashanthan , Vernooy Kevin , Hendriks Jeroen M , Linz Dominik 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Aims
In atrial fibrillation (AF) patients, untreated sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is associated with lower success rates of rhythm control strategies and as such structured SDB testing is recommended. Herein, we describe the implementation of a virtual SDB management pathway in an AF outpatient clinic and examine the utility and feasibility of this new approach.

Methods and results
Prospectively, consecutive AF patients accepted for AF catheter ablation procedures without previous diagnosis of SDB were digitally referred to a virtual SDB management pathway and instructed to use WatchPAT-ONE (ITAMAR) for one night. Results were automatically transferred to a virtual sleep laboratory, upon which a teleconsultation with a sleep physician was planned. Patient experience was measured using surveys. SDB testing was performed in 119 consecutive patients scheduled for AF catheter ablation procedures. The median time from digital referral to finalization of the sleep study report was 18 [11–24] days. In total, 65 patients (55%) were diagnosed with moderate-to-severe SDB. Patients with SDB were prescribed more cardiovascular drugs and had higher body mass indices (BMI, 29 ± 3.3 vs. 27 ± 4.4kg/m2, P &lt; 0.01). Patients agreed that WatchPAT-ONE was easy to use (91%) and recommended future use of this virtual pathway in AF outpatient clinics (86%). Based on this remote SDB testing, SDB treatment was recommended in the majority of patients.

Conclusion
This novel virtual AF management pathway allowed remote SDB testing in AF outpatient clinics with a short time to diagnosis and high patient satisfaction. Structured SDB testing results in a high detection of previously unknown SDB in AF patients scheduled for AF ablation.
Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of Chinese Sucker (Myxocyprinus asiaticus) Reveals Strongly Conserved Synteny Following a Catostomid-Specific Whole-Genome Duplication
Authors: Krabbenhoft Trevor J , MacGuigan Daniel J , Backenstose Nathan J C , Waterman Hannah , Lan Tianying , Pelosi Jessie A , Tan Milton , Sandve Simen R 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Fishes of the family Catostomidae (“suckers”; Teleostei: Cypriniformes) are hypothesized to have undergone an allopolyploidy event approximately 60 Ma. However, genomic evidence has previously been unavailable to assess this hypothesis. We sequenced and assembled the first chromosome-level catostomid genome, Chinese sucker (Myxocyprinus asiaticus), and present clear evidence of a catostomid-specific whole-genome duplication (WGD) event (“Cat-4R”). Our results reveal remarkably strong, conserved synteny since this duplication event, as well as between Myxocyprinus and an unduplicated outgroup, zebrafish (Danio rerio). Gene content and repetitive elements are also approximately evenly distributed across homeologous chromosomes, suggesting that both subgenomes retain some function, with no obvious bias in gene fractionation or subgenome dominance. The Cat-4R duplication provides another independent example of genome evolution following WGD in animals, in this case at the extreme end of conserved genome architecture over at least 25.2 Myr since the duplication. The M. asiaticus genome is a useful resource for researchers interested in understanding genome evolution following WGD in animals.
Television Viewing, Physical Activity, and Loneliness in Late Life
Authors: Fingerman Karen L , Kim Yijung K , Ng Yee To , Zhang Shiyang , Huo Meng , Birditt Kira S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Television viewing is the most common leisure activity in late life and may ease loneliness but encourage sedentary behavior. These associations may be particularly evident among older adults who live alone and who may lack other forms of companionship throughout the day.

Research Design and Methods
Adults aged 65+ (N = 257) participated, of whom 34% lived alone. Participants completed an initial interview followed by a 5- to 6-day data collection involving multimethods: (a) Electronically Activated Recorders (30 s every 7 min) provided audio recordings of television viewing, (b) Actical accelerometers objectively measured physical activity, and (c) ecological momentary assessments every 3 hr assessed social interactions.

Results
On average, older adults spent approximately 37% of their waking time (6.4 hr a day) watching television. Multilevel models revealed that television viewing occurred when participants were alone or with a spouse and was associated with a greater proportion of time sedentary, lower activity, and higher ratings of loneliness compared to when not watching television. Older adults who lived alone reported greater loneliness during 3-hr intervals when viewing television, but older adults who lived with others spent a greater proportion of time sedentary when viewing television.

Discussion and Implications
Findings are discussed with regard to different rationales and ways of watching television—as compensation for social isolation or as a passive leisure activity with a social partner. We discuss ideas for research on additional aspects of television viewing and screen time in late life.