bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of eight nutrient elements in peripheral blood of children and adolescents using inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry
Authors: Luan Fang , Liu Bin , Sun Shuzhen , Chen Yuan , Xu Yanqiu , Jiang Xuerui , Guo Xiangrui , Cheng Shiqing , Wang Yong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Several researches have been conducted on the associations between elements and diseases. Few studies have examined trace elements in young people’s hair. The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of age, gender and season on the contents of magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), Iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se) and strontium (Sr) as well as to establish the reference intervals (RIs).
Methods

We conducted a retrospective study of 589 apparently healthy children and adolescents under 19 years old. Quantitative analysis has been carried out using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Eight nutrient elements in peripheral blood of children and adolescents in eastern China were grouped according to age, sex or season, and analyzed using and Mann-Whitney U test and spearman statistical analyses. RIs were defined by using 95% confidence interval.
Results

Precisions of ICP-MS detecting for Mg, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Se and Sr are 2.8%~12.2%. The linearity were all > 0.999 and the bias were all within 10%. Differences between contents of particularly Mg, Fe, Cu and Zn in girls’ and boys’ whole blood were found, and higher contents of Mg, Cu for boys were measured in some age groups. Positive correlations for Fe, Zn, Se and Sr, while negative for Ca and Cu were found with age. And substantial differences between age groups were stated. In general, an increasing trend was found for bioelements (Fe, Zn,Se) both for girls and boys in all age groups, while for Ca and Cu changes were even decreasing for children and teenagers. The most frequently correlating element pairs were Fe-Zn, Mg-Se, and Fe-Se in five successive age groups. Lower contents of essential elements (Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn, Se) were found in summer comparing with other seasons. Finally, the reference interval of each element was initially established according to age and gender grouping.
Conclusions

The contents of elements in whole blood varies depending mainly on the gender and age of children and adolescents. Besides, season is also a factor that affects the contents of elements in the body. The reference intervals of elements in whole blood grouped by age and gender provide a reference basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of element-related diseases.
Jejuno-jejunal intussusception in an adult – a rare presentation of abdominal pain in the Emergency Department
Authors: Zaabi Ahmed Hasan Yousef Al , Janahi Jasmine Abdulla Al , Alremaithi Salwa Najim , Rathinavelu Balamurugan , qayyum hasan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background

Abdominal pain is a common presentation to the emergency department (ED) and the differential diagnoses is broad. Intussusception is a more common diagnosis in children, with only 5% of cases reported in adults. 80–90% of adult intussusception is due to a well-defined lesion resulting in a lead point, whereas in children, most cases are idiopathic. Adult intussusception is also more commonly associated with malignancy, compared to children. In adults, malignancy is more common in intussusception involving the large bowel compared to intussusception in the small bowel.
Case presentation

We present a case of a 54-year-old lady who presented to our ED with abdominal pain and vomiting. She had multiple abdominal surgeries in the past. On examination, she had epigastric and peri-umblical tenderness. In view of her persistent abdominal pain that was refractory to analgesia, she had computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen which revealed a jejuno-jejunal intussusception and proximal small bowel obstruction. The patient had an urgent laparoscopy and small bowel resection of the intussusception segment was performed. No pathological lead point was identified on imaging or intra-operatively. The patient made a full recovery post operatively.
Conclusion

Our case report illustrates a rare diagnosis of abdominal pain and vomiting, presenting to the Emergency Department. With increasing accessibility to CT, most cases of adult intussusception are found incidentally on contrast CT of the abdomen and pelvis. While there is no consensus on management, it is more common for adult intussusception patients to have operative intervention, compared to childhood intussusception.
Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging for Monitoring the Immune Response of Immunogenic Chemotherapy
Authors: Hu Junjiao , Yu Xin , Yin Peidi , Qiu Lin , Du Bin , Cai Xiangran 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Traditional chemotherapeutic drugs have the potential to increase tumor cell immunogenicity by activating immunogenic cell death (ICD). The accumulation of preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that the success of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, immunogenic chemotherapy depends (at least in part) on their ability to stimulate anti-cancer immune responses. Although the pathological examination is the gold standard for detecting the antitumor immune response, it is invasive and cannot be performed repetitively. Hence, the aim of our study was to evaluate the predictive value of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the quantitative assessment of conventional chemotherapy-activated immune responses in mouse tumor models and clinics.Methods: A total of 19 subcutaneous tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into treated and control groups. Both groups had orderly IVIM DWI examinations before and on days 6 and 12 after the administration of cyclophosphamide (CPA) or saline. The expressions of immune-related genes in the tumor were measured by qPCR or detected by immunohistochemical assay. In addition, six patients with breast cancer requiring neoadjuvant chemotherapy also underwent functional MRI examinations. The primary statistical analysis methods were the Wilcoxon test of variance, correlation analysis, and the Kruskal-Wallis H test.Results: The tumoral pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*), the perfusion fraction (f), and the blood flow-related parameter (fD*) of the treatment group showed a trend that significantly decreased on day 6. Then, these values increased on day 12, while they displayed the opposite tendency in the control group. Compared with the control group, a strong induction of the expression of the immune responses in the CPA treatment group was observed on day 12. Additionally, the changes in functional MRI parameters in the six patients with breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed similar trends to those in the tumor-bearing mice in the CPA treatment group.Conclusions: The immune response induced by immunogenic chemotherapy could be effectively evaluated using IVIM-DWI. The D and D* values could be potential, sensitive imaging markers for identifying the antitumor immune response initiated by immunogenic chemotherapy.
Effects of Different Protein Levels on Growth Performance and Stress Parameters in Beef Calves Under Heat Stress
Authors: Kim Won Seob , Nejad Jalil Ghassemi , Peng Dong Qiao , Jo Yong Ho , Kim Jong Kyoo , Lee Hong Gu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: This study investigated the effects of dietary protein levels under various heat stress (HS) levels on the growth performance and stress parameters in Korean native beef calves. Forty calves (body weight of 202.2 ± 3.31 kg) were randomly assigned to climatic-controlled chambers with 3×3 factorial arrangements. Treatment groups were three dietary protein levels (low protein; LP = 12.5%, medium protein; MP = 15%, and high protein; HP = 17.5%) and three stress levels (mild: temperature-humidity index (THI) = 74 to 76, moderate: THI = 81 to 83, and severe: THI = 89 to 91) with control (threshold: THI = 70 to 73 and dietary protein level 12.5%). The calves were subjected to ambient temperature (22 °C) for 7 days and subsequently to the temperature and humidity corresponding to the target THI level for 21 days.Results: As a result, average daily gain (ADG) was decreased (P < 0.05) under severe HS level compared to the mild and moderate HS stress levels. However, HP increased ADG (P < 0.05) than moderate levels (LP) and severe levels (LP and MP). Under different HS levels (mild, moderate, and severe), HR, RT, and blood cortisol were increased compared to a threshold level, but no differences were observed in the parameters among various protein levels. Varied HS levels decreased the levels of blood glucose, NEFA, and amino acids (AAs) (lysine and glutamic acid) compared to a threshold (P < 0.05). But, the HP group resulted in increased levels of blood glucose, NEFA, and AAs (lysine and glutamic acid) compared to LP and MP groups under severe HS stress. The expression level of the HSP70 gene (P < 0.05) in PBMC and hair follicles was increased following an increase in moderate and severe HS levels. Also, HSP70 gene expression in the HP group was decreased compared with LP and MP groups under intense HS level.Conclusions: Overall, HS in Korean native beef calves exhibited negative effects on ADG, blood glucose, NEFA, and AA profile. However, 17.5% of dietary protein (HP) could compensate for the growth of heat-exposed Korean native beef calves through the regulation of homeostasis by protein and energy metabolism. Also, it was evident that adequate protein (HP) is used as a major nutrient for HSP70 synthesis in PBMC and hair follicles causing a boost in the immune system of heat-exposed Korean native beef calves.
Optimal Discrete-Time Sliding-Mode Control Based on Recurrent Neural Network: A Singular Value Approach
Authors: Toshani Hamid , Farrokhi Mohammad 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a strategy involving the combination of optimal discrete-time sliding-mode control and recurrent neural networks is proposed for a class of uncertain discrete-time linear systems. First, a performance index based on the reaching law and the control signal is defined. Then, the constrained quadratic programming problem is formulated considering the limitations on the control signal as the static constraint. The dynamic and algebraic model of the neural network is derived based on the optimization conditions of the quadratic problem and their relationship with the projection theory. The proposed method prevents the chattering by selecting proper parameters of the twisting reaching law. The convergence of the neural network is analysed using the Lyapunov stability theory. A singular-value-based analysis is employed for robustness of the proposed method. The stability conditions of the discrete-time closed-loop system is analysed by studying eigenvalues of the closed-loop matrix using the singular value approach. The performance of the proposed algorithm is assessed in simulated example in terms of chattering elimination, solution feasibility, and encountering uncertainties and is compared with the recently proposed DSMC methods in the literature.
Retrospective Analysis of Induction Chemotherapy Plus Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy under Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy Mode for Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Liao Kai , Tao Hao-Yun , Zhan Ze-Jiang , Qiu Wen-Ze , Zheng Rong-Hui 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) originates from the mucous epithelium of the nasopharynx. Although induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the major therapeutic protocol used for locally advanced NPC without metastasis, more researches are needed to evaluate the curative effects.Aims: We aim to identify the therapeutic effects and prognosis after induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of locally advancedNPC under the intensity modulated radiotherapy mode.Methods: The patients (N= 544) with locally advanced NPC (III and IVa) after intensity modulated radiotherapy with induction chemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy were included in this study. We analyzed the characteristics of patients including gender, age, smoking status, tumor-node staging system, clinical stage, pathological type, the therapy protocol of induction chemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and chemotherapy prescription.Results: We have found the 5-year survival rates of OS, PFS, LRRFS, and DMFS were 85.21%, 78.51%, 90.71%, and 85.21% in follow-up and these data indicated that our therapeutic procedure provided beneficial effects on survival rates. Following, the chemotherapy drug base on DOC provided more beneficial effect of survival rate compared with TXT but there was no significant difference between chemotherapy drug base on DDP and NDP treated with NPC patients. The therapeutic effects of induction chemotherapy revealed no difference between TPF and TP. In addition, there was also no significant change between concurrent chemotherapy with TP dual drugs or platinum single drug. Moreover, the survival rate showed no difference between platinum accumulation dose ofmore and less than 150mg/m2for concurrent chemotherapy.Conclusion: Our results indicate that induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy under intensity modulated radiotherapy which is the standard therapeutic method for locally advanced NPC provides beneficial therapeutic effects, and it is worthy of further study.
Insights into the Pathobiology of TMPRSS3-Related Hearing Loss and Implications for Cochlear Implant Patients with TMPRSS3 Mutations.
Authors: Tucker Brady J. , Chen Yuan-Siao , Shin Timothy J. , Cabrera Ernesto , Booth Kevin T. , Nelson Rick F 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
OBJECTIVES

To review the audiological outcomes after cochlear implantation (CI) for TMPRSS3-associated autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) and evaluate the spatial expression pattern of TMPRSS3 within the human cochlea.
METHODS

Review all published cases of CI in patients with TMPRSS3-associated ARNSHL to compare postoperative consonant-nucleus-consonant (CNC) word performance to published adult CI cohorts. Protein structural modeling of TMPRSS3 variants associated with post-lingual hearing loss. Determine TMPRSS3 expression pattern in human inner ear organoids and human cochlea.
RESULTS

Nine articles detailed 27 patients (30 total CI ears) with TMPRSS3-associated hearing loss treated with CI. Of these, 6 cases reported prelingual onset (< 2yo) and 24 cases reported post-lingual onset (≥2yo) of hearing loss. Subjectively, 85% of cases had a favorable outcome. Objectively, the postoperative mean (SD) post-operative CNC word score was not significantly different than other adults [66.2% (25.8%) correct vs. 50.1% (12.5%); F(1,6) = 1.97, P = 0.21]. In the TMPRSS3 cohort, poor performers (CNC < 30% correct) were significantly older than good performers [49 (± 13.3) years vs. 17.4 (± 18.4) years; P < 0.01] and all harbored the A138E variant. TMPRSS3 immunostaining is restricted to the otic epithelial cells and is not expressed within auditory neurons of human cochlea and human inner ear organoids.
CONCLUSIONS

Patients with TMPRSS3-related hearing loss exhibit similar postoperative performance to other adult CI patients. TMPRSS3 is not expressed in human auditory neurons and the duration of hearing loss prior to CI likely contributes to poor performance.
WITHDRAWN: Mg-doped NiO Nanoparticles Decorated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) Nanocomposite and their Biological Activities
Authors: Ali Noor Q. , Taha Ali A. , Mohammed Mustafa K. A. , Ali Ihab Q. , Ahmed Duha S. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Here we report a novel nanocomposite composed from Mg-doped NiO and Mg-doped\MWCNT using a facile sol-gel method. The synthesized Mg-doped NiO and Mg-doped\MWCNT nanocomposite was characterization by XRD diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV–Vis spectrophotometer. The X-Ray analysis revealed that the formation of nanocomposites, which has a cubic phase and a high crystalline nature. The FE-SEM images confirmed the success of decoration the 6%Mg- doped NiO on the surface of the treated MWCNT through the emergence of spherical shapes over the cylindrical tubes. Conversely, optical measurements reveal that the energy gap value for the Mg-NiO and the Mg/NiO-MWCNT nanocomposite are 3.28 and 2.82 eV, respectively. This indicates decreasing the zone between conduction band and valance band. Moreover, it found that Mg doped NiO\MWCNT nanocomposite showed high removal efficiency towards the lead element compared with the Mg-doped NiO. Also, MTT test was employed to study antitumor activity against MCF-7 and WRL68 cells. Our results showed that the Mg doped NiO-MWCNT had cell viability of 66.7 and 71.9% against MCF-7 and WRL68, respectively. Whereas, Mg-doped NiO sample showed cell viability of 70.2 and 71.9% against MCF-7 and WRL68, respectively.
LncRNAs and CircRNAs Control Myofiber-Specific Expression Profiles by Acting as CeRNAs in Mongolian Horses
Authors: Bao Tugeqin , Han Haige , Zhao Ruoyang , Mongke Togtokh , La Xima , Ding Wenqi , Jia Zijie , Liu Huiying , Tiemuqier Aertengqimike , An Tana , Dugarjaviin Manglai , Bai Dongyi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: The heterogeneity and plasticity of muscle fibers are essential for the athletic performance of horses, mainly at the adaption of exercises and the effect on muscle diseases. Skeletal muscle fibers can be generally distinguished by their characteristics of contraction as slow and fast type myofibers. The diversity of contractile properties and metabolism enable skeletal muscles to respond to the variable functional requirements. We investigated the muscle fiber composition and metabolic enzyme activities of splenius muscle and gluteus medius muscle from Mongolian horses. The deep RNA-seq analysis of detecting differentially expressed mRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs and their correlation analysis from two muscles were performed.Results: Splenius muscle and gluteus medius muscle from Mongolian horses showed a high divergence of myofiber compositions and metabolic enzyme activities. Corresponding to their phenotypic characteristics, 94 differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs and 91 differentially expressed circle RNAs were found between two muscles. The analysis results indicate multiple binding sites were detected in lncRNAs and circRNAs with myofiber-specific expressed miRNAs. Among which we found significant correlations between the above noncoding RNAs, miRNAs, their target genes, myofiber-specific developmental transcript factors, and sarcomere genes. Conclusions: We suggest that the ceRNA mechanism of myofiber-specific expressed noncoding RNAs by acting as miRNA sponges could be fine tuners in regulating skeletal muscle fiber composition and transition in horses, which will operate new protective measures of muscle disease and locomotor adaption for racehorses.
Assembly of Two New Coordination Polymers: Luminescent Properties and Anti-inflammatory Activity on Postoperative Infectious Endophthalmitis
Authors: Bian Guang-Qing , Zhang Shi-Xi , Qu Xiao-Li 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The solvothermal reactions via the self-assemble approach produced two new metal-organic compounds, i.e, [Zn(4-cptpy)(HCOO)(H2O)]n·n(DMF) (1) and [Cd3(btc)2(4-cptpyH)(DMF)(H2O)3]n (2) (DMF is N,N’-dimethylformamide, H3btc is benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid, and 4-Hcptpy is 4-[2,6-bis(pyridine-4-yl)pyridine-4-yl]benzoic acid). Furthermore, the compounds’ luminescent performances have also been studied. As a result, compounds 1-2 show intense luminescence at room temperature. The evaluation of their application values against postoperative infectious endophthalmitis (PIE) was implemented and their specific mechanism was investigated. First of all, the real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed and the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κb) signaling pathway activation levels were measured. In addition to this, the inflammatory cytokines content released after the cataract surgery was determined through exploiting the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detection kit.
The Effect of Mechanical Stress on Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy; Utilization of Novel In Vitro Multi-torsional Stretch Loading Device
Authors: Kwon Woo-Keun , Ham Chang Hwa , Choi Hyuk , Baek Seung Min , Lee Jae Won , Park Youn-Kwan , Moon Hong Joo , Kim Joo Han 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveWe developed a novel multi-torsional mechanical stretch stress (MSS) loading device for ligamentum flavum (LF) cells and evaluated its influence on the development of ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH), a common cause of lumbar spinal canal stenosis.Materials and MethodsStretch strength of the device was optimized by applying 5% and 15% MSS loads for 24, 48, and 72 h. A cytotoxicity assay of human LF cells was performed and the results were compared to control (0%) MSS. Inflammatory markers (interleukin [IL]-6, IL-8), vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], and extracellular matrix (ECM)-regulating cytokines (matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase [TIMP]-1 and TIMP-2) were quantified via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsUsing our multi-torsional MSS loading device, 5% MSS for 24 h was optimal for LF cells. Under this condition, the IL-6 and IL-8 levels, VEGF level, and MMR-1, MMR-3, and TIMP-2 were significantly increased, compared to the control. ConclusionUsing the novel multi-torsional MSS loading device we confirmed that, mechanical stress enhances the production of inflammatory cytokines and angiogenic factors, and altered the expression of ECM-regulating enzymes, possibly triggering LFH. This discovery enhances our understating of the effects of mechanical stress on LFH.
Pharmacological Neuroenhancement Among German University Students: Identification of Potential Risk Groups and its Relation to Psychological, Psychosocial, and Health Behavioral Factors
Authors: Heller Sebastian , Tibubos Ana Nanette , Hoff Thilo Alexander , Werner Antonia Maria , Reichel Jennifer L. , Mülder Lina Marie , Schäfer Markus , Pfirrmann Daniel , Stark Birgit , Rigotti Thomas , Simon Perikles , Beutel Manfred E. , Letzel Stephan , Dietz Pavel 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Aiming to develop and implement intervention strategies targeting pharmacological neuroenhancement (PN) among university students more specifically, we i) assessed the prevalence of PN among German university students, ii) identified potential sociodemographic and study-related risk groups, and iii), investigated sociodemographic, psychological, study-related psychosocial, general psychosocial and health behavior related factors predicting the 12-month prevalence of PN. Therefore, a cross-sectional online survey was administered to all students of the University of Mainz, Germany. A binary logistic regression with stepwise inclusion of the five variable groups was performed to predict PN.A total of N = 4,351 students participated in the survey of which N = 3,984 answered the question with regard to PN. Of these, 10.4% had used one substance for PN at least once in the past 12 months. The regression revealed 13 variables that were significantly related to the 12-month prevalence of PN.Specifically, the group of health behavior variables had the strongest influence on the explained variance of PN. Therefore, an approach to the prevention of PN should be multifactorial so that it addresses social conditions, as well as education on substance use and healthy behaviors in terms of non-pharmacological strategies as alternatives of PN.