bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biogeografía y riqueza de los líquenes de Colombia
Authors: Soto Medina Edier , Díaz David , Montaño Javier 
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la riqueza de los líquenes y las relaciones biogeográficas entre zonas de vida en Colombia, así como definir especies y géneros indicadores. Para ello se compiló información de distintos herbarios nacionales, bases de datos y publicaciones. Se usó la clasificación en zonas de vida de Colombia para definir las localidades de recolección de los líquenes. Se encontraron tres agrupaciones principales: regiones de bosque húmedo (Amazonía y Chocó), bosques secos y Orinoquía, y bosques andinos (premontano a páramo). Estas regiones formaron grupos en un gradiente que abarca desde zonas de vida de elevaciones bajas hasta el páramo. En cuanto a las relaciones fitogeográficas, fue posible establecer una mayor afinidad entre los bosques húmedos de las zonas de Amazonía y Chocó, ntre los bosques premontanos, montanos y páramos, y entre los bosques secos interandinos y del Caribe. Las regiones con mayor riqueza y especies de distribución restringida fueron la andina y las de bosque húmedo. La riqueza exhibió un patrón decreciente con la elevación y unimodal con la latitud, con mayores valores en las latitudes medias.
Hongos ingoldianos de la parte media del río Gaira, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia
Authors: Peñate-Carranza Brayan , Tamaris-Turizo Cesar E. , Luna-Fontalvo Jorge A. 
Published: January 2021

Los hifomicetos acuáticos son hongos microscópicos que han sido poco estudiados en ríos tropicales y que cumplen un importante papel en la descomposición de la materia orgánica vegetal en los ecosistemas lóticos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar los hifomicetos acuáticos presentes en la parte media del río Gaira (norte de Colombia). Se analizaron muestras cualitativas de espuma del río y de hojas de tres especies vegetales nativas dominantes en el área de estudio (Ficus tonduzii,Zygia longifolia y Clusia multiflora) almacenadas en el lecho del río. Se identificaron diez géneros que incluían cuatro especies: Diplocladiella scalaroides, Heliscus submersus, Alatospora acuminata y Flabellospora crassa. En la parte media del río Gaira se registraron por primera vez los géneros Diplocladiella, Triscelophorus, Actinospora, Lemonniera, Alatospora, Flabellospora y Heliscus. El estudio evidenció la gran diversidad de hifomicetos acuáticos de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.
Assessing Pain Behavioral Responses and Neurotrophic Factors in the Dorsal Root Ganglion, Serum and Peritoneal Fluid in Rat Models of Endometriosis
Authors: Kasheh Farahani Zahra , Taherianfard Mahnaz , Naderi Mohammad Mehdi , Ferrero Hortensia 
Published: January 2021

Objective: Pain is the most frequently reported symptom involving in endometriosis. The alterations of neurotrophic factors and certain neuropeptides in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), as well as serum and peritoneal fluid (PF), were evaluated in rat models of endometriosis.
Materials and methods: Twenty-four Sprague Dawley female rats were selected and maintained in a standard condition with 12 hours’ dark-light cycles. All the rats were randomly assigned to 3 groups: Control (intact rats); Sham (the operation was conducted without endometriosis induction); and Endometriosis (endometriosis induction was performed). The formalin test was performed for all groups on the first and the 21st day of the study. The assessments of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP), and Substance P levels were carried out by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa). The data were analyzed by One-Way ANOVA. The Tukey’s test was used as post-hoc.
Results: Endometriosis induction significantly increased the mean pain scores in the endometriosis group in all three phases of the formalin test. The concentrations of DRG-CGRP (p=0.035), BDNF (p<0.001), and NGF (p=0.006) in the endometriosis group were significantly higher than that of the other groups while serum-BDNF (p<0.001), Substance P (p=0.009), and NGF (p=0.015) were significantly lower in endometriosis group compared to other groups. The concentrations of PF-BDNF (p=0.025) and Substance P (p=0.009) were significantly lower than those of other groups.
Conclusion: The present results delineate that endometriosis induction could lead to hyperalgesia. This may be related to the significant increases in the BDNF, NGF, and CGRP in DRG.
Teacher’s Challenges towards Online Learning in Pandemic Era
Authors: Rosalina Elsa , Nasrullah Nasrullah , Elyani Eka Puteri 
Published: January 2021

The teaching and learning process has a big revolution since Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID19) has spread out to the world. Education is one of the sectors that have a mostly big impact on its condition. COVID 19 changes everything in the education system. The teaching and learning process which do face to face must be changed to an online system. Thus, in this research, the researchers want to identify the teacher’s challenges for doing online teaching and learning. The researchers also describe the strength and weaknesses of online learning based on teachers’ perceptions. This research used a qualitative approach because the researchers describe teacher challenges toward online learning and the easiness and the difficulties of online learning in the pandemic era. The participants of this research were 14 English teachers from a different level of education in South Kalimantan. The instruments used in this study consisted of 12 open-ended questionnaires made online using Google form. The result of the questionnaire that has filled out by the participants recorded in the researcher’s email, then based on this result the researchers describe the findings and related it to the relevant theory. The findings of this research are most of the teachers agree that the challenges to applying online learning are in facilitation such as internet connection, quota, the places of home living, and the process of online learning itself such as the teacher’s less in technology for designing interesting online learning activities, less communicative, lack of interaction, and fostering an effective online learning climate and for the strength and the weakness of online learning activities most of the teachers agree that the strength of online learning is flexible in time and place, thus the teaching and learning can conduct everywhere and anytime, for the weakness the teacher agree that online learning can’t conduct maximal pedagogy process in learning activities. Keywords: teacher, challenges, online learning, pandemic era
chGRP78 is Required for the Activation and Phosphorylation of AKT1 at Serine 478 in Chicken Sells
Authors: Choi H. , Kim Y.D. , Jung S.K. , Sureshkumar S. , Oh K.B. , Yang H. , Byun S.J. 
Published: January 2021

Background: Chicken serum-mediated proliferation regulates chGRP78 to prevent apoptosis in chicken cells via chGRP78-mediated anti-apoptosis. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the chGRP78-mediated protection against apoptosis remain undefined. In an earlier study, we have shown that chGRP78 is critical for chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) and DF-1 cell proliferation. Methods: In this experiment, we highlight AKT1 as a key target of GRP78 during apoptosis. We used 2D gel-based proteomics and bioinformatics prediction analysis for our studies. Result: Here, we detected chGRP78 binding sites in AKT1-rgulated proteins. chGRP78 promoted AKT1 activation and chGRP78 silencing decreased AKT1 levels. Taken together, we suggest that the AKT1-mediated signaling pathway plays a critical role in GRP78-stimulated fibroblast survival and anti-apoptosis. Our findings have important implications for the maintenance of chicken fibroblast cells via the inhibition of apoptosis.
Skleritler ve üveitler
Authors: GÜVEN YILMAZ Suzan 
Published: January 2021

Sklerit ve üveitler akut kırmızı göze neden olan, görme kaybı potansiyeli taşıyan gözün nadir görülen
inflamatuar hastalıklarındandır. Kırmızı göz tanısında görmeyi tehdit edici hastalıkların benign
durumlardan ayırımı önemlidir. Bu makalede sklerit ve üveitin belirtileri, klinik özellikleri ve ayırıcı tanısı
tartışılmıştır.
ANALISIS DAYA DUKUNG TIANG AKSIAL TUNGGAL DENGAN METODE STATIS DAN DINAMIS TERHADAP HASIL UJI PILE DRIVING ANALYZE (PDA) PADA PEKERJAAN PONDASI PROYEK JAKARTA BOX TOWER
Authors: Sari Evi Puspita , Prihantono Prihantono , Musalamah Sittati 
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this research is to know the ratio of bearing pile capacity with some static and dynamic calculation method to Pile Driving Analyze (PDA) dynamic test result. The analysis uses static calculations using several methods namely, Meyerhoff, Vesic, α Thomlinson, and α Terzaghi, Peck and Mesri methods.Consultant calculation using Reese & Wright method. Dynamic bearing capacity uses jacking pile record from Hydrolic System Pile Driving (HSPD) and Pile Driving Analyze test results. The results showed that Reese & Wright method with SPT is the most closely approximated PDA test result with percentage 74,72%; 76.79% and 82.83% for number of pile 310, 368 and 763. While the result of comparison of jacking pile record that most approached PDA is on pile number 638 with a percentage of 82.83%. The largest settlement results are at pile number 310 and 763 with a decrease of 26.3 mm and 25.9 mm with α Vesic+Terzaghi, Peck and Mesri method
Chondral Lesions of the Knee: An Evidence-Based Approach
Authors: Dekker Travis J. , Aman Zachary S. , DePhillipo Nicholas N. , Dickens Jonathan F. , Anz Adam W. , LaPrade Robert F. 
Published: January 2021

➤ Management of chondral lesions of the knee is challenging and requires assessment of several factors including the size and location of the lesion, limb alignment and rotation, and the physical and mental health of the individual patient.➤ There are a multitude of options to address chondral pathologies of the knee that allow individualized treatment for the specific needs and demands of the patient.➤ Osteochondral autograft transfer remains a durable and predictable graft option in smaller lesions (<2 cm2) in the young and active patient population.➤ Both mid-term and long-term results for large chondral lesions (≥3 cm2) of the knee have demonstrated favorable results with the use of osteochondral allograft or matrix-associated chondrocyte implantation.➤ Treatment options for small lesions (<2 cm2) include osteochondral autograft transfer and marrow stimulation and/or microfracture with biologic adjunct, while larger lesions (≥2 cm2) are typically treated with osteochondral allograft transplantation, particulated juvenile articular cartilage, or matrix-associated chondrocyte implantation.➤ Emerging technologies, such as allograft scaffolds and cryopreserved allograft, are being explored for different graft sources to address complex knee chondral pathology; however, further study is needed.
Next-Generation Marrow Stimulation Technology for Cartilage Repair
Authors: Shah Sarav S. , Lee Sonia , Mithoefer Kai 
Published: January 2021

» Given the relatively high prevalence of full-thickness articular cartilage lesions, including in patients who are <40 years of age, and an inability to detect some of these lesions until the time of arthroscopy, there is value in performing a single-stage cartilage procedure such as marrow stimulation (MS).» While the positive outcomes of first-generation MS (namely microfracture) have been observed to drop off after 24 months in several studies, improvements have been seen when compared with preoperative conditions for lesions that are 2 to 3 cm2 in size, and MS is considered to be a procedure with technical simplicity, fairly short surgical times, and relatively low morbidity. A recent study showed that autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) and osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation remain viable treatment options for chondral defects of the knee in the setting of failed MS.» Basic science principles that have been elucidated in recent years include (1) the creation of vertical walls during defect preparation, (2) an increased depth of subchondral penetration, (3) a smaller awl diameter, and (4) an increased number of subchondral perforations, which are all thought to help resolve issues of access to the mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and the subchondral bone structure/overgrowth issues.» Pioneering and evolving basic science and clinical studies have led to next-generation clinical applications, such as a hyaluronic acid-based scaffold (ongoing randomized controlled trial [RCT]), an atelocollagen-based gel (as described in a recently published RCT), a micronized allogeneic cartilage scaffold (as described in a recently completed prospective cohort study), and a biosynthetic hydrogel that is composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG) diacrylate and denatured fibrinogen (as described in an ongoing prospective study).» This review summarizes important points for defect preparation and the recent advances in MS techniques and identifies specific scaffolding augmentation strategies (e.g., mesenchymal augmentation and scaffold stimulation [MASS]) that have the capacity to advance cartilage regeneration in light of recent laboratory and clinical studies.
A history of the development of the mathematics and statistics support community in the United Kingdom. Part 1: From alpha to sigma
Authors: Lawson Duncan 
Published: January 2021

In terms of the history of mathematics higher education, mathematics and statistics support (MSS) is a very recent development, existing as a formal feature for less than 50 years.Â However, in this short time, MSS has displayed its own characteristics.Â A particularly notable feature of MSS in the United Kingdom (and in other countries) has been the way in which practitioners have collaborated with each other, almost from the outset.Â This collaboration has led to the creation of a community (the sigma network) with a written constitution and formal membership.Â This two-part article traces the history of the development of the MSS community in the UK from its earliest incarnations to the present day.Â The first part of the article reviews the period from the early 1990s to 2005 during which time the key events were the rise and demise of the Mathematics Support Association and the creation of sigma, Centre of Excellence in University-wide Mathematics and Statistics Support.Â
Extensive antimicrobial resistance and plasmid-carrying resistance genes in mcr-1-positive E. coli sampled in swine, in Guangxi, South China
Authors: Yuan Jingzhi , Wang Xiaoye , Shi Dali , Ge Qiang , Song Xingxing , Hu Wen , Wei Deyuan , Ge Chenling , Li Xun , Hu Chuanhuo 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The discovery of the superbug mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli (MCRPEC) has drew greet attention. Swine-origin multi-drug resistant MCRPEC has been a potential threat to public health and safety. However, there were few detailed studies have been reported on swine MCRPEC in Guangxi, South China.Results: In this study, thirty-three MCRPEC strains were detected from 142 E. coli strains from 116 samples in Guangxi in 2018. Which could be classified into eight unique STs and a total of six incompatibility plasmid groups (IncFI, IncHI1, IncY, IncN, IncI1 and IncX1). After that, the susceptibility of MCRPEC isolates to 27 antimicrobial agents belonging to 17 antimicrobial categories was tested. There were nineteen E. coli resistant to 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins and twelve E. coli resistant to carbapenem resistan. Importantly, the MCRPEC showed high resistance highly resistance for imipenem and meropenem, which were forbidden to use in livestock production. Three MCRPEC strains were further proved to be extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and the other isolates were multi-drug-resistant (MDR). Furthermore, we found that the plasmid-carrying resistance genes coexisted with the mcr-1 gene of the MCRPEC isolates. Which were listed as follows: β-lactamase antimicrobial resistance genes e.g. ESBL genes (blaCTX-M14, blaCTX-M24, blaCTX-M123, blaOXA-1), plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC) gene (blaCMY-2), the carbapenem resistance gene (blaNDM-5), and non-β-lactamase antimicrobial resistance genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, aac(6’)-Ib-cr, tetA, tetB, sul1, sul2, floR, aadA).Conclusion: Thirty-three mcr-1-positive E. coli isolates in Guangxi displayed a wide profile of antimicrobial resistance. Plasmid-carrying resistance genes might be the main cause of MCRPEC multidrug resistance. This study highlighted the necessity for long-term surveillance of mcr-1-positive E. coli in pigs.
Risk and Protective Factors Associated Mental Health among Female Military Veterans: Results from the Veterans’ Health Study
Authors: Adams Richard , Hu Yirui , Figley Charles R. , Urosevich Thomas G. , Hoffman Stuart N. , Kirchner H. Lester , Dugan Ryan J. , Boscarino Joseph J. , Withey Carrie A. , Boscarino Joseph A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: This study focuses on factors that may disproportionately affect female veterans’ mental health, compared to men, and is part of a larger study assessing the prevalence of mental health disorders and treatment seeking among formerly deployed US military service members.Methods: We surveyed a random sample of 1,730 veterans who were patients in a large non-VA hospital system in the US. Based on previous research, women were hypothesized to be at higher risk for psychological problems. We adjusted our results for confounding factors, including history of trauma, childhood abuse, combat exposure, deployments, stressful life events, alcohol misuse, psychological resources, and social support. Results: Among the veterans studied, 5% were female (n=85), 96% were White (n=1,161), 22.9% were Iraq/Afghanistan veterans (n=398), and the mean age was 59 years old (SD=12). Compared to males, female veterans were younger, unmarried, college graduates, had less combat exposure, but were more likely to have lifetime PTSD (29% vs. 12%.), depression (46% vs. 21%), suicidal ideation (27% vs. 11%), and lifetime mental health service use (67% vs. 47%). Females were also more likely to have low psychological resilience and to have used psychotropic medicines in the past year. Using multivariate logistic regression analyses that controlled for risk and protective factors, female veterans had greater risk for lifetime PTSD, depression, suicidal thoughts, and for lifetime use of psychological services, compared to males. Since 95% of the population in this study were male and these results may have been statistically biased, we reran our analyses using propensity score matching. Results were consistent across these analyses.Conclusion: Using a sample of post-deployment veterans receiving healthcare services from a large non-VA health system, we find that female veterans are at greater risk for lifetime psychological problems, compared to male veterans. We discuss these findings and their implications for service providers.
The Effect of the Mobile ‘Blood Pressure Management Application’ on Hypertension Self-Management Enhancement: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bozorgi Ali , Hosseini Hamed , Eftekhar Hassan , Majdzadeh Reza , Yoonessi Ali , Ramezankhani Ali , Mansouri Mehdi , Ashoorkhani Mahnaz 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Self-management of hypertension is of great significance given its increasing incidence and its associated disabilities. In view of the increased use of mobile health in medicine, the present study evaluated the effect of a self-management application on patient adherence to hypertension treatment.Methods: This clinical trial was performed on 120 hypertensive patients who were provided with a mobile intervention for 8 weeks and followed-up until the 24th week. Data on the primary outcome (adherence to treatment) and secondary outcomes (adherence to the DASH diet, regular monitoring of blood pressure, and physical activity) were collected using a questionnaire and a mobile application, respectively. The inter-group change difference over time was analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA (General Linear Model).Results: The treatment adherence score increased by an average of 5.9 (95% CI: 5.0-6.7) in the intervention group compared to the control group. Scores of 'adherence to the low-fat and low-salt diet plans' were 1.7 (95% CI: 1.3-2.1) and 1.5 (95% CI: 1.2-1.9), respectively. Moreover, moderate physical activity increased to 100.0 minutes (95% CI: 61.7-138.3) per week in the intervention group.Conclusion: The treatment and control of blood pressure require a multifaceted approach given its complexity and multifactorial nature. Considering the widespread use of smartphones, mHealth interventions can be effective in self-management and better patient adherence to treatments. Our results showed that this application can be used as a successful tool for hypertension self-management in patients attending public hospitals in developing countries.Trial registration: This study was registered in the Iran Randomized Clinical Trial Center under the number IRCT2015111712211N2 on January 1st 2016.
Psychological Distress, Somatic Complaints and Their Relation to Negative Psychosocial Factors in a Sample of Swedish High School Students
Authors: Kerekes Nóra , Zouini Btissame , Tingberg Sofia , Erlandsson Soly 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Adolescence is a period in a life characterized by major neurobiological, physiological, and psychological changes. Those changes may give rise to worsened mental health and an increased prevalence of somatic complaints combined with a negative psychosocial environment. Rapid changes in society, which may also affect young people in several ways, call for a renewed screening of today's adolescents' mental and somatic well-being.Aim The present study's primary aim was to measure the level of self-rated psychological distress and the prevalence of somatic complaints in a sample of Swedish high school students. As a secondary aim, it identifies gender-specific patterns and examines mental and somatic health in relation to negative psychosocial factors (such as parental alcohol use problems or the experience of physical or psychological abuse).Method 287 Swedish high school students completed a survey including the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and a questionnaire about the presence of defined somatic complaints. In order to examine the relationship between negative psychosocial factors and mental and somatic health, three groups were formed: those reporting (1) parental substance use problems, (2) previous experience of abuse, (3) none of these problems.Results The majority of the Swedish high-school students (> 80%) reported no or only a few problems with psychological distress and no or only one somatic complaint. Female students disclosed a significantly higher psychological distress level captured by each BSI domain. The number of somatic complaints was similarly distributed between the genders. The students rarely reported parental substance use problems, but almost 40% of the male and 50% of the female students indicated the experience of physical and/or psychological abuse. Such negative psychosocial circumstances were related to an increased level of anxiety in the male and an increased general level of psychological distress in female students.Conclusions The study confirmed female students’ higher psychological distress level, while no gender differences in the number, but the type, of physical complaints were detected. The experience of physical and/or psychological abuse was found to worsen psychological distress in students of both genders significantly.