bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eigenvalue solution for the ion-collisional effects on the fast and slow ion acoustic waves in multi-ion species plasmas
Authors: Zhang S T , Zhou Y Z , Yang T , Xie R , Jiang Y , Ban S S , Feng Q S , Wang Y X , Qiao B , Liu Z J , Cao L H , Zheng C Y 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The fast and slow waves in multi-ion species collisionless plasmas have been widely studied, but the collision effect on ion acoustic waves is a difficult problem. In this paper, plasmas with azimuthal symmetry velocity distribution in different collisional regimes are studied by eigenvalue solution of the linearized Fokker–Planck equation. The frequency, damping rate and distribution function from the solutions are consistent with the analytical result in collisionless limit. For the fast wave, the damping rate agrees well with the prediction of both fluid theory in collision limit and kinetic theory in collisionless limit. But for the slow wave, the frequency and damping rate predicted by fluid theory are not accurate. In two-ion species plasmas, the light and heavy ion density perturbation phases of two-ion species are the same for the fast wave, but opposite for the slow wave. Polytropic index of C5H12 plasmas is also calculated, which is simply affected by mean-free paths of ions for the fast wave, but affected by multiple factors, such as mean-free paths, heat transfer and the opposite phases for the slow wave.
The evolution of properties and microstructure of Bi-2212 wires after gamma-ray irradiation
Authors: Zhang Zhen-Chuang , Zhou Hai-Shan , Qin Jing-Gang , Yang Dong-Sheng , Luo Guang-Nan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Among various high-temperature superconducting materials, Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x
(Bi-2212) is considered as one of the most promising candidates to fabricate superconductors for magnetic confinement fusion reactors. Considering that the superconductors will be subject to irradiation in nuclear reactors, the effects of gamma-ray irradiation on the superconducting properties of Bi-2212 wires is studied in the present work. Critical current (I
c) tests have been done for Bi-2212 wires with different gamma-ray irradiation doses and the variation of I
c is correlated to the change of microstructures. During the 12 T I
c tests, the normalized I
c first rises to 1.15 then decreases to 0.89 with the increase of irradiation time. Results from x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicate that defects are produced within the gamma-ray irradiated samples. From the images of high resolution transmission electron microscopy, amorphous structure in the gamma-ray irradiated sample is discovered as well.
Manipulation of vortex arrays with thermal gradients by applying dynamic heat sources
Authors: Chen Zhidong , Yong Huadong , Zhou Youhe 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the manipulation of vortex arrays of magnetic flux by using dynamic heat sources in the superconducting strip. The time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau (TDGL) equations and the heat diffusion equation are numerically solved to study the effect of the dynamic heat sources and the vortex dynamics of the sample. Three distinct velocity ranges were shown to occur, depending on the vortex motion and the corresponding characteristics of the induced voltage. Due to the relationship among the driving force, viscous force, and vortex–vortex interaction, the vortex motion changes from direct motion to a roughly harmonic motion with the velocity of the heat source. Meanwhile, the electromagnetic performance of the sample is also related to the heat source parameters, the applied magnetic fields and the pinning centers. In addition, the thermal effect leads to a more complex non-linear relationship between the induced voltage and the heat source velocity.
Resistivity, Hall effect, and anisotropic superconducting coherence lengths of HgBa2CaCu2O6 thin films with different morphology
Authors: Richter H , Lang W , Peruzzi M , Hattmansdorfer H , Durrell J H , Pedarnig J D 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Thin films of the high-temperature superconductor HgBa2CaCu2O6 have been prepared on SrTiO3 substrates by pulsed-laser deposition of precursor films and subsequent annealing in mercury-vapor atmosphere. The microstructural properties of such films can vary considerably and have been analyzed by x-ray analysis and atomic force microscopy. Whereas the resistivity is significantly enhanced in samples with coarse-grained structure, the Hall effect shows little variation. This disparity is discussed based on models for transport properties in granular materials. We find that, despite of the morphological variation, all samples have similar superconducting properties. The critical temperatures T

c
∼ 121.2 K …122.0 K, resistivity, and Hall data indicate that the samples are optimally doped. The analyses of superconducting order parameter fluctuations in zero and finite magnetic fields yield the in-plane ξ

ab
(0) ∼ 2.3 nm …2.8 nm and out-of-plane ξ

c
(0) ∼ 0.17 nm …0.24 nm Ginzburg–Landau coherence lengths at zero temperature. Hall measurements provide estimates of carrier scattering defects in the normal state and vortex pinning properties in the superconducting state inside the grains.
Nanometric skyrmion lattice from anisotropic exchange interactions in a centrosymmetric host
Authors: Hirschberger Max , Hayami Satoru , Tokura Yoshinori 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Skyrmion formation in centrosymmetric magnets without Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interactions was originally predicted from unbiased numerical techniques. However, no attempt has yet been made, by comparison to a real material, to determine the salient interaction terms and model parameters driving spin-vortex formation. We identify a Hamiltonian with anisotropic exchange couplings, local ion anisotropy, and four-spin interactions, which is generally applicable to this class of compounds. In the representative system Gd3Ru4Al12, anisotropic exchange drives a fragile balance between helical, skyrmion lattice (SkL), and transverse conical (cycloidal) orders. The model is severely constrained by the experimentally observed collapse of the SkL with a small in-plane magnetic field. For the zero-field helical state, we further anticipate that spins can be easily rotated out of the spiral plane by a tilted magnetic field or applied current.
Bilinear Bäcklund transformation, soliton and breather solutions for a (3+1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation in fluid dynamics and plasma physics
Authors: Shen Yuan , Tian Bo , Liu Shao-Hua , Yang Dan-Yu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A (3+1)-dimensional generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation in fluid dynam-ics and plasma physics is hereby investigated. Via the Hirota method, bilinear Bäcklund transformation are obtained, along with two types of the analytic solutions. Kink-shaped soliton solutions are derived via the Hirota method. Breather solutions are derived via the extended homoclinic test approach and lump solutions are obtained from the breather solutions under a limiting procedure. We find that the shape and amplitude of the one-kink soliton keep unchanged during the propagation and the velocity of the one-kink soliton depends on all the coefficients in the equation. We graphically demonstrate that the interaction between the two-kink solitons is elastic, and analyse the solitons with the influence of the coefficients. We observe that the amplitudes and shapes of the breather and lump remain unchanged during the propagation, and graphically present the breathers and lumps with the influence of the coefficients in the equation.
Vulnerability assessment of power system based on Theil entropy of branch potential energy
Authors: He Xiaofeng , Fan Wenli 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
To achieve the safe operation of power system and prevent cascading failures, a vulnerability assessment method of power system is proposed based on the state correlation of branch fault. Firstly, a weighted correlation network based on the branch potential energy is established by using the state transition relationship of the two-level cascading failures. Secondly, the vulnerability assessment model of power system is constructed by applying the Theil entropy theory into the weighted correlation network. Finally, the simulation results on IEEE_39 bus system and an actual power system show that the model can not only evaluate the vulnerability of power system effectively but also find the vulnerable branches in power network more accurately.
Bubble dynamics in a strong first-order quark-hadron transition *
Authors: Zhou Shuying , Shu Song , Mao Hong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We investigate the dynamics of a strong first-order quark-hadron transition driven by cubic interactions via homogeneous bubble nucleation in the Friedberg-Lee model. The one-loop effective thermodynamic potential of the model and the critical bubble profiles have been calculated at different temperatures and chemical potentials. By taking the temperature and the chemical potential as variables, the evolutions of the surface tension, the typical radius of the critical bubble, and the shift in the coarse-grained free energy in the presence of a nucleation bubble are obtained, and the limit on the reliability of the thin-wall approximation is also addressed accordingly. Our results are compared to those obtained for a weak first-order quark-hadron phase transition; in particular, the spinodal decomposition is relevant.
Fine structure of α decay in 222Pa *
Authors: Hua Wei , Zhang Zhiyuan , Ma Long , Gan Zaiguo , Yang Huabin , Yuan Cenxi , Huang Minghui , Yang Chunli , Zhang Mingming , Tian Yulin , Zhou Xiaohong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
With the help of the gas-filled recoil spectrometer SHANS and a digital data acquisition system, the fine structure of the

decay for

Pa was studied. The nuclides were produced through the 1p3n evaporation channel via the heavy-ion induced fusion evaporation reaction

Ar +

W. Based on the ER-

-

-

and

-

correlation measurement, three new

decays were observed in addition to the three branches known previously. The one with the largest

decay energy was regarded as the ground state to ground state transition. The newly measured

decay properties of

Pa were examined in a framework of reduced width.
Suturable elastomeric tubular grafts with patterned porosity for rapid vascularization of 3D constructs
Authors: Bellani Caroline Faria , Yue Kan , Flaig Florence , Hébraud Anne , Ray Pengfei , Annabi Nasim , Selistre de Araújo Heloísa Sobreiro , Branciforti Márcia Cristina , Minarelli Gaspar Ana Maria , Shin Su Ryon , Khademhosseini Ali , Schlatter Guy 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Vascularization is considered to be one of the key challenges in engineering functional 3D tissues. Engineering suturable vascular grafts containing pores with diameter of several tens of microns in tissue engineered constructs may provide an instantaneous blood perfusion through the grafts improving cell infiltration and thus, allowing rapid vascularization and vascular branching. The aim of this work was to develop suturable tubular scaffolds to be integrated in biofabricated constructs, enabling the direct connection of the biofabricated construct with the host blood stream, providing an immediate blood flow inside the construct. Here, tubular grafts with customizable shapes (tubes, Y-shape capillaries) and controlled diameter ranging from several hundreds of microns to few mm are fabricated based on poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) electrospun scaffolds. Furthermore, a network of pore channels of diameter in the order of 100 μm was machined by laser femtosecond ablation in the tube wall. Both non-machined and laser machined tubular scaffolds elongated more than 100% of their original size have shown suture retention, being 5.85 and 3.96 N mm−2 respectively. To demonstrate the potential of application, the laser machined porous grafts were embedded in gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels, resulting in elastomeric porous tubular graft/GelMA 3D constructs. These constructs were then co-seeded with osteoblast-like cells (MG-63) at the external side of the graft and human umbilical vein endothelial cells inside, forming a bone osteon model. The laser machined pore network allowed an immediate endothelial cell flow towards the osteoblasts enabling the osteoblasts and endothelial cells to interact and form 3D structures. This rapid vascularization approach could be applied, not only for bone tissue regeneration, but also for a variety of tissues and organs.
A micro-optical module for multi-wavelength addressing of trapped ions
Authors: Day Matthew L , Choonee Kaushal , Chaboyer Zachary , Gross Simon , Withford Michael J , Sinclair Alastair G , Marshall Graham D 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The control of large-scale quantum information processors based on arrays of trapped ions requires a means to route and focus multiple laser beams to each of many trapping sites in parallel. Here, we combine arrays of fibres, 3D laser-written waveguides and diffractive microlenses to demonstrate the principle of a micro-optic interconnect suited to this task. The module is intended for use with an ion microtrap of 3D electrode geometry. It guides ten independent laser beams with unique trajectories to illuminate a pair of spatially separated target points. Three blue and two infrared beams converge to overlap precisely at each desired position. Typical relative crosstalk intensities in the blue are 3.6 × 10−3 and the average insertion loss across all channels is 8 dB. The module occupies ∼104 times less volume than a conventional bulk-optic equivalent and is suited to different ion species.
Pathologic Spectrum and Molecular Landscape of Myeloid Disorders Harboring SF3B1 Mutations
Authors: Venable Elise R , Chen Dong , Chen Constance P , Bessonen Kurt R , Nguyen Phuong L , Oliveira Jennifer L , Reichard Kaaren K , Hoyer James D , Althoff Simon D , Roh Dana J , Miller Mechelle A , Begna Kebede , Patnaik Mrinal M , Litzow Mark R , Al-Kali Aref , Viswanatha David S , He Rong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objectives
SF3B1 mutations are the most common mutations in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The International Working Group for the Prognosis of MDS (IWG-PM) recently proposed SF3B1-mutant MDS (SF3B1-mut-MDS) as a distinct disease subtype. We evaluated the spectrum and molecular landscape of SF3B1-mutated myeloid disorders and assessed the prognostication in MDS harboring SF3B1 mutations (MDS-SF3B1).

Methods
Cases were selected by retrospective review. Clinical course and laboratory and clinical findings were collected by chart review. SF3B1-mut-MDS was classified following IWG-PM criteria.

Results
SF3B1 mutations were identified in 75 of 955 patients, encompassing a full spectrum of myeloid disorders. In MDS-SF3B1, Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) score greater than 3 and transcription factor (TF) comutations were adverse prognostic markers by both univariate and multivariate analyses. We confirmed the favorable outcome of IWG-PM-defined SF3B1-mut-MDS. Interestingly, it did not show sharp prognostic differentiation within MDS-SF3B1.

Conclusions
SF3B1 mutations occur in the full spectrum of myeloid disorders. We independently validated the favorable prognostication of IWG-PM-defined SF3B1-mut-MDS. However it may not provide sharp prognostication within MDS-SF3B1 where IPSS-R and TF comutations were prognostic-informative. Larger cohort studies are warranted to verify these findings and refine MDS-SF3B1 prognostication.
Effect of Vaccination on Preventing Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations Among Children During a Severe Season Associated With B/Victoria Viruses, 2019–2020
Authors: Campbell Angela P , Ogokeh Constance , Weinberg Geoffrey A , Boom Julie A , Englund Janet A , Williams John V , Halasa Natasha B , Selvarangan Rangaraj , Staat Mary A , Klein Eileen J , McNeal Monica , Michaels Marian G , Sahni Leila C , Stewart Laura S , Szilagyi Peter G , Harrison Christopher J , Lively Joana Y , Rha Brian , Patel Manish ,   New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN), Hickey Robert W , Piedra Pedro A , Munoz Flor M , Avadhanula Vasanthi , Schuster Jennifer E , Pahud Barbara A , Weddle Gina , Moffatt Mary E , Albertin Christina , Fregoe Wende , Schlaudecker Elizabeth 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
The 2019–2020 influenza season was characterized by early onset with B/Victoria followed by A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses. Emergence of new B/Victoria viruses raised concerns about possible vaccine mismatch. We estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza-associated hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits among children in the United States.

Methods
We assessed VE among children aged 6 months–17 years with acute respiratory illness and ≤10 days of symptoms enrolled at 7 pediatric medical centers in the New Vaccine Surveillance Network. Combined midturbinate/throat swabs were tested for influenza virus using molecular assays. Vaccination history was collected from parental report, state immunization information systems, and/or provider records. We estimated VE from a test-negative design using logistic regression to compare odds of vaccination among children testing positive vs negative for influenza.

Results
Among 2029 inpatients, 335 (17%) were influenza positive: 37% with influenza B/Victoria alone and 44% with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 alone. VE was 62% (95% confidence interval [CI], 52%–71%) for influenza-related hospitalizations, 54% (95% CI, 33%–69%) for B/Victoria viruses, and 64% (95% CI, 49%–75%) for A(H1N1)pdm09. Among 2102 ED patients, 671 (32%) were influenza positive: 47% with influenza B/Victoria alone and 42% with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 alone. VE was 56% (95% CI, 46%–65%) for an influenza-related ED visit, 55% (95% CI, 40%–66%) for B/Victoria viruses, and 53% (95% CI, 37%–65%) for A(H1N1)pdm09.

Conclusions
Influenza vaccination provided significant protection against laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations and ED visits associated with the 2 predominantly circulating influenza viruses among children, including against the emerging B/Victoria virus subclade.
Explicit and Contextual Vocabulary Intervention: Effects on Word and Definition Learning
Authors: Antia Shirin D , Catalano Jennifer A , Rivera M Christina , Creamer Catherine 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Two single-case studies examined the effects of a vocabulary intervention on K-second grade Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) children’s vocabulary learning. The intervention consisted of (a) explicit instruction that included fast mapping, and drill and practice games and (b) in-context activities that included book reading, conceptual activities, and conversation. Study 1 compared the effectiveness of in-context alone and explicit+in-context instruction for four DHH children. This multiple baseline across content study showed that children learned more words rapidly in the explicit + in-context condition. Study 2 examined the effects of the explicit+in-context intervention on five DHH children’s word and definition learning and use of new words in spontaneous communication. A multiple baseline study across participants showed that all children learned the targeted vocabulary, improved expression of definitions, and used target words in spontaneous language. We discuss the value of explicit and in-context instruction on breadth and depth of vocabulary learning.
Accounting for theory errors with empirical Bayesian noise models in nonlinear centroid moment tensor estimation
Authors: Vasyura-Bathke H , Dettmer J , Dutta R , Mai P M , Jónsson S 
Published: January 2021

SUMMARYCentroid moment tensor (CMT) parameters can be estimated from seismic waveforms. Since these data indirectly observe the deformation process, CMTs are inferred as solutions to inverse problems which are generally underdetermined and require significant assumptions, including assumptions about data noise. Broadly speaking, we consider noise to include both theory and measurement errors, where theory errors are due to assumptions in the inverse problem and measurement errors are caused by the measurement process. While data errors are routinely included in parameter estimation for full CMTs, less attention has been paid to theory errors related to velocity-model uncertainties and how these affect the resulting moment-tensor (MT) uncertainties. Therefore, rigorous uncertainty quantification for CMTs may require theory-error estimation which becomes a problem of specifying noise models. Various noise models have been proposed, and these rely on several assumptions. All approaches quantify theory errors by estimating the covariance matrix of data residuals. However, this estimation can be based on explicit modelling, empirical estimation and/or ignore or include covariances. We quantitatively compare several approaches by presenting parameter and uncertainty estimates in nonlinear full CMT estimation for several simulated data sets and regional field data of the Ml 4.4, 2015 June 13 Fox Creek, Canada, event. While our main focus is at regional distances, the tested approaches are general and implemented for arbitrary source model choice. These include known or unknown centroid locations, full MTs, deviatoric MTs and double-couple MTs. We demonstrate that velocity-model uncertainties can profoundly affect parameter estimation and that their inclusion leads to more realistic parameter uncertainty quantification. However, not all approaches perform equally well. Including theory errors by estimating non-stationary (non-Toeplitz) error covariance matrices via iterative schemes during Monte Carlo sampling performs best and is computationally most efficient. In general, including velocity-model uncertainties is most important in cases where velocity structure is poorly known.
3-dimensional printing for the diagnosis of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction after mitral valve replacement
Authors: Sodian Ralf , Kruttschnitt Michael , Hitschrich Niklas , Mumm Bernhard , Schnell Christian , Hagl Christian , Thierfelder Nikolaus , König Fabian 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the generation of 3D models and 3D prints of complex cases for physicians at the example of an intricate left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). LVOTO is a known complication of mitral valve surgery. A 38-year-old female patient with increasing dyspnoea after mitral valve replacement was referred to our centre. Echocardiography showed a strut of the bioprosthetic heart valve protruding into the left ventricular outflow tract. However, the diagnosis of a LVOTO was difficult based on echocardiography alone. Therefore, we fabricated a physical model of the left ventricular outflow tract, the mitral valve, the aortic valve and the left ventricle. With this physical model in hand, we were able to visualize the LVOTO and to discuss potential therapeutic options. Moreover, we were able to plan the subsequent redo surgery in detail using the model. This case shows the benefit of 3D printing technologies for surgeons and patients, not only for analysis, but also during the decision-making and pre-operative planning process.