bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“But why paint a dinosaur blue?”: Envisioning the Cretaceous—A vitalizing, multidisciplinary project in a university museum
Authors: Rowan Todd M. , Funderburk Thomas Brent , Clary Renee M. 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
In 2017–2018, two fine arts undergraduate students, Todd Rowan and Moesha Wright, conceived and created a mural for the Dunn-Seiler Museum at Mississippi State University, Mississippi, USA, under the supervision of art professor emeritus Brent Funderburk. Students researched, conceptualized, and painted Mississippi Cretaceous Panorama, which interpreted the Late Cretaceous landscape that once surrounded the university and the momentous extinction event that brought the Mesozoic Era to its close. The project necessitated creativity to address several challenges, including funding, space constraints, and a local population with Young Earth views. The completed mural engages museum visitors with a mosasaur, ceratopsian dinosaur, and a meteorite impact—illustrating the local, terminal Mesozoic geologic history in a nonthreatening venue that can improve community geoliteracy.
Fossilarium: Paintings inspired by micropaleontological thin sections
Authors: Ford* Giles 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
Inspired by his late father’s thin section micropaleontology, artist Giles Ford created the Fossilarium, a series of large-scale paintings that investigates the nature of time and space through investigation of the miniature. Ford reflects on the influences of his work and how he developed a visual language inspired by repeating patterns of his father’s microfossil thin sections. The Fossilarium presents abstract landscapes of interwoven time explored through layered images that intertwine the geological, industrial, societal, and personal spectrums. The Fossilarium thereby seeks to create timeless patterns that probe different subject areas from pure aesthetics through the Anthropocene and climate change provocations to more intimate multigenerational explorations of the thread of family history, loss, and the future. Through his paintings, Ford seeks to bring the micropaleontological view to a wider audience by posing questions about the role of industry, fossil fuels, the artist, and climate change.
Anticoagulation therapy promotes the tumor immune-microenvironment and potentiates the efficacy of immunotherapy by alleviating hypoxia
Authors: Choi Jeong Uk , Lee Na Kyeong , Seo Hyungseok , Chung Seung Woo , Al-Hilal Taslim A , Park Seong Jin , Kweon Seho , Min Nuri , Kim Sang Kyoon , Ahn Seohyun , Kim Uk-Il , Park Jin Woo , Kang Chang-Yuil , Kim In-San , Kim Sang Yoon , Kim Kyungjin , Byun Youngro 
Published: August 2021

PurposeHere, this study verifies that cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT) accelerates hypoxia, which is detrimental to the tumor immune microenvironment by limiting tumor perfusion. Therefore, we designed an oral anticoagulant therapy to improve the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and potentiate the efficacy of immunotherapy by alleviating tumor hypoxia.Experimental designA novel oral anticoagulant (STP3725) was developed to consistently prevent CAT formation. Tumor perfusion and hypoxia were analyzed with or without treating STP3725 in wild-type and P selectin knockout mice. Immunosuppressive cytokines and cells were analyzed to evaluate the alteration of the tumor microenvironment. Effector lymphocyte infiltration in tumor tissue was assessed by congenic CD45.1 mouse lymphocyte transfer model with or without anticoagulant therapy. Finally, various tumor models includingK-Rasmutant spontaneous cancer model were employed to validate the role of the anticoagulation therapy in enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy.ResultsCAT was demonstrated to be one of the perfusion barriers, which fosters immunosuppressive microenvironment by accelerating tumor hypoxia. Consistent treatment of oral anticoagulation therapy was proved to promote tumor immunity by alleviating hypoxia. Furthermore, this resulted in decrease of both hypoxia-related immunosuppressive cytokines and myeloid-derived suppressor cells while improving the spatial distribution of effector lymphocytes and their activity. The anticancer efficacy of αPD-1 antibody was potentiated by co-treatment with STP3725, also confirmed in various tumor models including theK-Rasmutant mouse model, which is highly thrombotic.ConclusionsCollectively, these findings establish a rationale for a new and translational combination strategy of oral anticoagulation therapy with immunotherapy, especially for treating highly thrombotic cancers. The combination therapy of anticoagulants with immunotherapies can lead to substantial improvements of current approaches in the clinic.
Vessel fractional flow reserve in assessment of non-culprit lesions in ST elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Chang Chun Chin , Chuang Ming Ju , Lee Yin Hao , Tsai Yi Lin , Lu Ya Wen , Chou Ruey Hsing , Wu Cheng Hsueh , Lu Tse Min , Huang Po Hsun , Lin Shing Jong 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesWe sought to evaluate the physiology of non-culprit lesions by using vessel fractional flow reserve (vFFR) among patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multivessel disease (MVD).MethodsFrom January 2017 to December 2019, 354 patients with STEMI in the Taipei Veterans General Hospital Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry were screened. Patients who underwent successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for culprit lesions, with at least one non-culprit lesion with stenosis of ≥50%, were eligible. vFFR was computed retrospectively.ResultsA total of 156 patients with 217 non-culprit lesions were eligible for this study. Aortic root pressure and two good angiograms were available for 139 non-culprit lesions for vFFR analysis. Based on the vFFR analysis, 59 non-culprit lesions (43.2%) had a vFFR value >0.80, and PCI was deferred in 45 lesions (76.3%). Meanwhile, 80 non-culprit lesions (56.8%) had a vFFR value ≤0.80; however, PCI was only performed in 31 lesions (38.7%) (p=0.142). The incidence of vessel-oriented composite endpoint was numerically higher in non-culprit lesions with vFFR ≤0.80 than those with vFFR >0.80 (6.3% vs 1.7%, HR: 3.59, 95% CI: 0.42 to 30.8, p=0.243).ConclusionFunctional incomplete revascularisation is common among patients with STEMI and MVD. The adoption of vFFR to assess non-culprit lesions may reclassify the coronary revascularisation strategy that is usually guided by angiography only in this acute setting.
Rotating vector solving method applied for nonlinear oscillator
Authors: Cveticanin L. , Suchy P. , Biro I. , Zukovic M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSignificant number of procedures for solving of the finite degree-of-freedom forced nonlinear oscillator are developed. For all of them it is common that they are based on the exact solution of the corresponding linear oscillator. For technical reasons, the aim of this paper is to develop a simpler solving procedure. The rotating vector method, developed for the linear oscillator, is adopted for solving of the nonlinear finite degree-of-freedom oscillator. The solution is assumed in the form of trigonometric functions. Assuming that the nonlinearity is small all terms of the series expansion of the function higher than the first are omitted. The rotating vectors for each mass are presented in the complex plane. In the paper, the suggested rotating vector procedure is applied for solving of a three-degree-of-freedom periodically excited oscillator. The influence of the nonlinear stiffness of the flexible elastic beam, excited with a periodical force, on the resonant properties of the system in whole is investigated. It is obtained that the influence of nonlinearity on the amplitude and phase of vibration is more significant for smaller values of the excitation frequency than for higher ones.
Predicting Molecular Phenotypes from Histopathology Images: A Transcriptome-Wide Expression–Morphology Analysis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Yinxi , Kartasalo Kimmo , Weitz Philippe , Ács Balázs , Valkonen Masi , Larsson Christer , Ruusuvuori Pekka , Hartman Johan , Rantalainen Mattias 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMolecular profiling is central in cancer precision medicine but remains costly and is based on tumor average profiles. Morphologic patterns observable in histopathology sections from tumors are determined by the underlying molecular phenotype and therefore have the potential to be exploited for prediction of molecular phenotypes. We report here the first transcriptome-wide expression–morphology (EMO) analysis in breast cancer, where individual deep convolutional neural networks were optimized and validated for prediction of mRNA expression in 17,695 genes from hematoxylin and eosin–stained whole slide images. Predicted expressions in 9,334 (52.75%) genes were significantly associated with RNA sequencing estimates. We also demonstrated successful prediction of an mRNA-based proliferation score with established clinical value. The results were validated in independent internal and external test datasets. Predicted spatial intratumor variabilities in expression were validated through spatial transcriptomics profiling. These results suggest that EMO provides a cost-efficient and scalable approach to predict both tumor average and intratumor spatial expression from histopathology images.Significance:Transcriptome-wide expression morphology deep learning analysis enables prediction of mRNA expression and proliferation markers from routine histopathology whole slide images in breast cancer.
Evidence of the Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of Oncology Financial Navigation: A Scoping Review
Authors: Doherty Meredith J. , Thom Bridgette , Gany Francesca 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
One in three cancer patients reports financial hardship. Cancer-related financial hardship is associated with diminished quality of life, treatment nonadherence, and early mortality. Over 80% of NCI-designated cancer centers provide some form of oncology financial navigation (OFN). Although interest in OFN has grown, there is little scientific evidence to guide care delivery. We conducted a scoping review to assess the evidence of OFN's feasibility and preliminary efficacy and determine its core components/functions. Papers were included that (i) evaluated a clinical intervention to reduce financial hardship in patients with cancer or caregivers by facilitating access to resources, (ii) were conducted in the United States, and (iii) were published since 2000. Of 681 titles, 66 met criteria for full-text review, and six met full inclusion/exclusion criteria. The FN literature consists of descriptive studies and pilot trials focused on feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy. The studies showed that OFN implementation and evaluation are feasible; however, efficacy was difficult to evaluate because the studies were limited by small sample sizes (attributed to low patient participation). Most studies were conducted in urban, academic medical centers—which are less likely to be used by the poor and patients of color, who have the highest risk of financial hardship. The studies did not attempt to address the issue of underlying poverty at the individual and community level and whether OFN could be effectively adapted for these care environments. Future OFN programs must be tested with underserved and racially diverse patient populations, and evaluation efforts should aim to understand patient-reported barriers to participation.
Proton Pump Inhibitor Omeprazole Suppresses Carcinogen-induced Colonic Adenoma Progression to Adenocarcinoma in F344 Rat
Authors: Madka Venkateshwar , Kumar Gaurav , Pathuri Gopal , Panneerselvam Janani , Zhang Yuting , Ganta Vishal , Lightfoot Stanley , Lubet Ronald , Suen Chen S. , Steele Vernon E. , Janakiram Naveena B. , Mohammed Altaf , Rao Chinthalapally V. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Colorectal cancer causes over 53,000 deaths annually in the United States. Its rising incidences worldwide and particularly in young adults is a major concern. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of omeprazole that is clinically approved for treating acid reflux, to enable its repurposing for colorectal cancer prevention. In the azoxymethane-induced rat colorectal cancer model, dietary omeprazole (250 and 500 ppm) was administered at early adenoma stage (8 weeks after azoxymethane) to assess the progression of early lesions to adenocarcinoma. Administration of omeprazole at 250 or 500 ppm doses led to suppression of total colon adenocarcinoma incidence by 15.7% and 32% (P &lt; 0.01), respectively. Importantly, invasive carcinoma incidence was reduced by 59% (P &lt; 0.0005) and 90% (P &lt; 0.0001) in omeprazole-administered rats in a dose-dependent manner. There was also a strong and dose-dependent inhibition in the adenocarcinoma multiplicity in rats exposed to omeprazole. Administration of 250 and 500 ppm omeprazole inhibited total colon adenocarcinoma multiplicity by approximately 49% and approximately 65% (P &lt; 0.0001), respectively. While noninvasive adenocarcinomas multiplicity was suppressed by approximately 34% to approximately 48% (P &lt; 0.02), the invasive carcinomas multiplicity was reduced by approximately 74% to approximately 94% (P &lt; 0.0001) in omeprazole-exposed rats in comparison with the untreated rats. Biomarker analysis results showed a decrease in cell proliferation and anti-apoptotic/pro-survival proteins with an increase in apoptosis. Transcriptome analysis of treated tumors revealed a significant increase in adenocarcinoma inhibitory genes (Olmf4; Spink4) expression and downregulation of progression promoting genes (SerpinA1, MMP21, IL6). In summary, omeprazole showed significant protection against the progression of adenoma to adenocarcinoma.

Prevention Relevance:
Preventing colon cancer is urgently needed because of its high incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Toward this end, preventive efficacy of omeprazole, a common medication, was evaluated in animal model of colorectal cancer and was found to suppress colonic adenoma progression to carcinoma. These findings warrant its further evaluation in humans.
EUS-based Pancreatic Cancer Surveillance in BRCA1/BRCA2/PALB2/ATM Carriers Without a Family History of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Katona Bryson W. , Long Jessica M. , Ahmad Nuzhat A. , Attalla Sara , Bradbury Angela R. , Carpenter Erica L. , Clark Dana F. , Constantino Gillain , Das Koushik K. , Domchek Susan M. , Dudzik Christina , Ebrahimzadeh Jessica , Ginsberg Gregory G. , Heiman Jordan , Kochman Michael L. , Maxwell Kara N. , McKenna Danielle B. , Powers Jacquelyn , Shah Payal D. , Wangensteen Kirk J. , Rustgi Anil K. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Carriers of a pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) BRCA1/BRCA2/ATM/PALB2 variant are at increased risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), yet current guidelines recommend surveillance only for those with a family history of PDAC. We aimed to investigate outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)–based PDAC surveillance in BRCA1/BRCA2/ATM/PALB2 carriers without a family history of PDAC. We performed a retrospective analysis of all P/LP BRCA1/BRCA2/ATM/PALB2 carriers who underwent EUS at a tertiary care center. Of 194 P/LP BRCA1/BRCA2/ATM/PALB2 carriers who underwent EUS, 64 (33%) had no family history of PDAC and had at least 1 EUS for PDAC surveillance. These individuals underwent 143 total EUSs, were predominantly female (72%), and BRCA2 carriers (73%), with the majority having a personal history of cancer other than PDAC (67%). The median age at time of first EUS was 62 years [interquartile range (IQR), 53–67 years] and a median of 2 EUSs (IQR 1–3) were performed per patient, with a median of 3 years (IQR 2–4.5 years) between the first and last EUS for those with more than 1 EUS. Pancreatic abnormalities were detected in 44%, including cysts in 27%, and incidental luminal abnormalities in 41%. Eight percent developed a new pancreatic mass or cyst during surveillance, 2 individuals developed PDAC, and no serious complications resulted from surveillance. After discussion of the risks, limitations, and potential benefits, PDAC surveillance can be considered in BRCA1/BRCA2/ATM/PALB2 carriers without a family history of PDAC; however, the effectiveness of PDAC surveillance in this population requires further study.

Prevention Relevance:
BRCA1/BRCA2/ATM/PALB2 carriers have increased pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) risk, yet are typically not eligible for PDAC surveillance in the absence of PDAC family history. Herein we describe outcomes of PDAC surveillance in BRCA1/BRCA2/ATM/PALB2 carriers without a family history of PDAC, showing that PDAC surveillance can be considered in this high-risk group.
Islamic Legal Reform or Re-formation? The Transmutations of Critique in Rumee Ahmed’s Sharia Compliant: A User’s Guide to Hacking Islamic Law
Authors: Koujah Rami 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
To say that the issue of Islamic legal reform is on the minds of most scholars and students (Muslim or otherwise) of Islamic law is hardly an exaggeration. But what does reform look like? Rumee Ahmed engages the issue in his recent book, Sharia Compliant: A User’s Guide to Hacking Islamic Law. Intended for a broad audience and aimed at catalyzing legal change from the bottom up, Sharia Compliant attempts to demystify Islamic jurisprudence and provide a blueprint for lawmaking, or “hacking” Islamic law, through reverse-engineering. In the process of his critique of Islamic law, Ahmed revises its history and method. This review argues that in lieu of reform, Ahmed argues for re-forming Islamic law. The hyphen is meant to indicate that Ahmed’s proposal amounts to a transmutation of fiqh and uṣūl al-fiqh: Islamic law is not interpreted, but arbitrarily willed; its sources (the Qur’an and Sunna), ornaments of this will, are instrumentalized to serve any desired end. In the end, Ahmed’s re-formed system undermines his hope for a democratic process of lawmaking.
Impact of rituximab biosimilars on overall survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a Dutch population-based study
Authors: Brink Mirian , Kahle Xaver U. , Vermaat Joost S. P. , Zijlstra Josee M. , Chamuleau Martine , Kersten Marie José , Durmaz Müjde , Plattel Wouter J. , Lugtenburg Pieternella J. , Stevens Wendy , Mous Rogier , de Vries Elisabeth G. E. , van der Poel Marjolein W. M. , Panday Prashant V. Nannan , Huls Gerwin , van Meerten Tom , Nijland Marcel 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In 2017, the European Medicines Agency approved rituximab biosimilars (R-biosimilars) for treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Thereafter, the Netherlands was one of the first countries to implement R-biosimilars, given lower costs compared with rituximab originator (R-originator). This study’s objective was to investigate whether overall survival (OS) of patients with DLBCL receiving R-biosimilars is similar to patients treated with R-originator. DLBCL patients ≥18 years, diagnosed between 2014 and 2018, who received at least 1 cycle of rituximab combined with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R-CHOP) were identified in the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Patients were categorized into R-originator or R-biosimilars groups based on data from a central repository of the Dutch medicinal drug market. The primary end point was 3-year OS, defined as the time between diagnosis and all-cause death. By the end of 2018, 91% of purchased rituximab were biosimilars. In total, 4429 patients were identified with 876 in the R-biosimilars group and 3553 in the R-originator group. Patients in the R-biosimilars group less frequently received &gt;6 cycles of R-CHOP compared with patients treated with R-originator (24% vs 30%, P = .003). The 3-year OS did not differ between patients treated with R-originator or R-biosimilars (73% vs 73%, P = .855). This was confirmed with a multivariable Cox regression analysis accounting for sex, age, International Prognostic Index score, and number of R-CHOP cycles. In conclusion, the 3-year OS is similar for patients treated with CHOP in combination with R-originator or R-biosimilars and, therefore, favors the use of R-biosimilars in DLBCL treatment management.
Stage-specific transcriptomic changes in pancreatic α-cells after massive β-cell loss
Authors: Oropeza Daniel , Cigliola Valentina , Romero Agustín , Chera Simona , Rodríguez-Seguí Santiago A. , Herrera Pedro L. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Loss of pancreatic insulin-secreting β-cells due to metabolic or autoimmune damage leads to the development of diabetes. The discovery that α-cells can be efficiently reprogrammed into insulin-secreting cells in mice and humans has opened promising avenues for innovative diabetes therapies. β-cell loss triggers spontaneous reprogramming of only 1–2% of α-cells, limiting the extent of regeneration. Most α-cells are refractory to conversion and their global transcriptomic response to severe β-cell loss as well as the mechanisms opposing their reprogramming into insulin producers are largely unknown. Here, we performed RNA-seq on FAC-sorted α-cells to characterize their global transcriptional responses at different time points after massive β-cell ablation.

Results
Our results show that α-cells undergo stage-specific transcriptional changes 5- and 15-days post-diphtheria toxin (DT)-mediated β-cell ablation. At 5 days, α-cells transiently upregulate various genes associated with interferon signaling and proliferation, including Interferon Induced Protein with Tetratricopeptide Repeats 3 (Ifit3). Subsequently, at 15 days post β-cell ablation, α-cells undergo a transient downregulation of genes from several pathways including Insulin receptor, mTOR and MET signaling.

Conclusions
The results presented here pinpoint novel markers discriminating α-cells at different stages after acute β-cell loss, and highlight additional signaling pathways that are modulated in α-cells in this context.