bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indo-Aryan – a house divided? Evidence for the east–west Indo-Aryan divide and its significance for the study of northern South Asia
Authors: Ivani Jessica K. , Paudyal Netra , Peterson John 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the possible presence of an east–west divide in Indo-Aryan languages suggested in previous literature (Peterson, John. 2017a. Fitting the pieces together – towards a linguistic prehistory of eastern-central South Asia (and beyond). Journal of South Asian Languages and Linguistics 4(2). 211–257.), with the further hypothesis that this divide may be linked to the influence of the Munda languages, spoken in the eastern part of the subcontinent. Working with 217 fine-grained variables on a sample of 27 Indo-Aryan and Munda languages, we test the presence of a geographical divide within Indo-Aryan using computational methods such as cluster analysis in combination with visual statistical inference. Our results confirm the presence of a geographical divide for the whole dataset and most of the individual features. We then proceed to compute the degree of similarity between the Indo-Aryan languages and Munda, using a Bayesian alternative to a t-test. The results for most features support the claim that the languages identified in the eastern clusters are indeed more similar to Munda, thereby opening up further research scenarios for the history of this region.
Some estimates for commutators of Littlewood-Paley g-functions
Authors: Lu Guanghui 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to establish the boundedness of commutator

[

b
,

g

˙

r

]

\left[b,{\dot{g}}_{r}]

generated by Littlewood-Paley

g

g

-functions

g

˙

r

{\dot{g}}_{r}

and

b
∈
RBMO

(

μ

)

b\in {\rm{RBMO}}\left(\mu )

on non-homogeneous metric measure space. Under assumption that

λ

\lambda

satisfies

ε

\varepsilon

-weak reverse doubling condition, the author proves that

[

b
,

g

˙

r

]

\left[b,{\dot{g}}_{r}]

is bounded from Lebesgue spaces

L

p

(

μ

)

{L}^{p}\left(\mu )

into Lebesgue spaces

L

p

(

μ

)

{L}^{p}\left(\mu )

for

p
∈

(

1
,
∞

)

p\in \left(1,\infty )

and also bounded from spaces

L

1

(

μ

)

{L}^{1}\left(\mu )

into spaces

L

1
,
∞

(

μ

)

{L}^{1,\infty }\left(\mu )

. Furthermore, the boundedness of [

b
,

g

˙

r

b,{\dot{g}}_{r}

] on Morrey space

M

q

p

(

μ

)

{M}_{q}^{p}\left(\mu )

and on generalized Morrey

L

p
,
ϕ

(

μ

)

{L}^{p,\phi }\left(\mu )

is obtained.
A note on polyexponential and unipoly Bernoulli polynomials of the second kind
Authors: Ma Minyoung , Lim Dongkyu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the authors study the poly-Bernoulli numbers of the second kind, which are defined by using polyexponential functions introduced by Kims. Also by using unipoly function, we study the unipoly Bernoulli numbers of the second kind, which are attached to an arithmetic function. We derive their explicit expressions and some identities involving poly-Bernoulli numbers of the second kind and unipoly Bernoulli numbers of the second kind.
Long time decay for 3D Navier-Stokes equations in Fourier-Lei-Lin spaces
Authors: Jlali Lotfi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we study the long time decay of global solution to the 3D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. We prove that if

u
∈
C

(

R

+

,

X

−
1
,
σ

(

R

3

)

)

u\in {\mathcal{C}}\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{+},{{\mathcal{X}}}^{-1,\sigma }\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{3}))

is a global solution to the considered equation, where

X

i
,
σ

(

R

3

)

{{\mathcal{X}}}^{i,\sigma }\left({{\mathbb{R}}}^{3})

is the Fourier-Lei-Lin space with parameters

i
=
−
1

i=-1

and

σ
≥
−
1

\sigma \ge -1

, then

‖
u

(

t

)

‖

X

−
1
,
σ

\Vert u\left(t){\Vert }_{{{\mathcal{X}}}^{-1,\sigma }}

decays to zero as time goes to infinity. The used techniques are based on Fourier analysis.
Power moments of automorphic L-functions related to Maass forms for SL
3(ℤ)
Authors: Huang Jing , Liu Huafeng , Zhang Deyu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Let

f

f

be a self-dual Hecke-Maass eigenform for the group

S

L

3

(

Z

)

S{L}_{3}\left({\mathbb{Z}})

. For

1

2

<
σ
<
1

\frac{1}{2}\lt \sigma \lt 1

fixed we define

m

(

σ

)

m\left(\sigma )

(

≥
2

\ge 2

) as the supremum of all numbers

m

m

such that

∫

1

T

∣
L

(

s
,
f

)

∣

m

d
t

≪

f
,
ε

T

1
+
ε

,

\underset{1}{\overset{T}{\int }}| L\left(s,f){| }^{m}{\rm{d}}t{\ll }_{f,\varepsilon }{T}^{1+\varepsilon },

where

L

(

s
,
f

)

L\left(s,f)

is the Godement-Jacquet L-function related to

f

f

. In this paper, we first show the lower bound of

m

(

σ

)

m\left(\sigma )

for

2

3

<
σ
<
1

\frac{2}{3}\lt \sigma \lt 1

. Then we establish asymptotic formulas for the second, fourth and sixth powers of

L

(

s
,
f

)

L\left(s,f)

as applications.
On the type 2 poly-Bernoulli polynomials associated with umbral calculus
Authors: Kim Taekyun , Kim Dae San , Dolgy Dmitry V. , Park Jin-Woo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Type 2 poly-Bernoulli polynomials were introduced recently with the help of modified polyexponential functions. In this paper, we investigate several properties and identities associated with those polynomials arising from umbral calculus techniques. In particular, we express the type 2 poly-Bernoulli polynomials in terms of several special polynomials, like higher-order Cauchy polynomials, higher-order Euler polynomials, and higher-order Frobenius-Euler polynomials.
Fluorescent light energy modulates healing in skin grafted mouse model
Authors: Ding Jie , Mellergaard Maiken , Zhu Zhensen , Kwan Peter , Edge Deirdre , Ma Zengshuan , Hebert Lise , Alrobaiea Saad , Iwasaki Takashi , Nielsen Michael Canova Engelbrecht , Tredget Edward E. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Skin grafting is often the only treatment for skin trauma when large areas of tissue are affected. This surgical intervention damages the deeper dermal layers of the skin with implications for wound healing and a risk of scar development. Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy modulates biological processes in different tissues, with a positive effect on many cell types and pathways essential for wound healing. This study investigated the effect of fluorescent light energy (FLE) therapy, a novel type of PBM, on healing after skin grafting in a dermal fibrotic mouse model. Split-thickness human skin grafts were transplanted onto full-thickness excisional wounds on nude mice. Treated wounds were monitored, and excised xenografts were examined to assess healing and pathophysiological processes essential for developing chronic wounds or scarring. Results demonstrated that FLE treatment initially accelerated re-epithelialization and rete ridge formation, while later reduced neovascularization, collagen deposition, myofibroblast and mast cell accumulation, and connective tissue growth factor expression. While there was no visible difference in gross morphology, we found that FLE treatment promoted a balanced collagen remodeling. Collectively, these findings suggest that FLE has a conceivable effect at balancing healing after skin grafting, which reduces the risk of infections, chronic wound development, and fibrotic scarring.
Metaphysical Foundations of Causation: Powers or Laws of Nature?
Authors: Sepetyi Dmytro 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this article, I discuss Richard Swinburne’s case for the conception of substance causation, identified with the substances-powers-liabilities (SPL) account of causation, versus the conception of event causation, identified with alternative accounts. I specify the place of Swinburne’s argument in the debates about agent causation, and uncover reasons to be sceptical about the claims that substance causation is a genuine alternative to event causation, and that it helps to comprehend the specifics of the causation involved in free agency. I also advance considerations in favour of the relations-between-universals (RBU) account of causation that can make it preferable to the SPL account.
A Belief Expressionist Explanation of Divine Conceptualist Mathematics
Authors: Freeman David M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMany have pointed out that the utility of mathematical objects is somewhat disconnected from their ontological status. For example, one might argue that arithmetic is useful whether or not numbers exist. We explore this phenomenon in the context of Divine Conceptualism (DC), which claims that mathematical objects exist as thoughts in the divine mind. While not arguing against DC claims, we argue that DC claims can lead to epistemological uncertainty regarding the ontological status of mathematical objects. This weakens DC attempts to explain the utility of mathematical objects on the basis of their existence. To address this weakness, we propose an appeal to Liggins’ theory of Belief Expressionism (BE). Indeed, we point out that BE is amenable to the ontological claims of DC while also explaining the utility of mathematical objects apart from reliance upon their existence. We illustrate these themes via a case study of Peano Arithmetic.
Comparative Pathological Changes Induced by Very Virulent Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Infection in Inoculated, Sentinel Pigeons and Chickens
Authors: Orakpoghenor Ochuko , Oladele Sunday Blessing , Abdu Paul Ayuba , Markus Talatu Patience , Andamin Aliyu Danlami , Esievo King Akpofure Nelson 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this study, the authors determined whether vvIBDV could be transmitted from chickens to pigeons and vice versa, and the relative severity of the lesions in the two species. Thirty 3-to 6-week-old pigeons and thirty 3-week-old chickens were grouped as follows: A (10 uninoculated pigeons), B (10 inoculated pigeons+10 sentinel chickens), C (10 inoculated chickens+10 sentinel pigeons) and D (10 uninoculated chickens). Inoculated birds were administered 0.20 mL of vvIBDV (titre of 109.76 CID/mL) followed by introduction of their respective sentinels post-inoculation. Post-inoculation/exposure (pi/ pe), dead birds were necropsied, organs grossly examined, weighed, and sections processed for histopathology. Results revealed mild, gross and histopathological lesions in pigeons at 7 and 14 dpi/dpe. In chickens, gross and histopathological lesions were severe at 3 and 4 dpi/dpe, moderate at 7 dpi/dpe and mild at 14 dpi/dpe. Carcass weight showed no statistical difference (P > 0.05) in all pigeons, but was statistically higher in uninoculated compared to inoculated and sentinel chickens. Relative weight (RW) of the liver was significantly lower at 14 dpi/ dpe in pigeons. In chickens, RW of the bursa of Fabricius (BF) was significantly higher in inoculated and sentinel at 3 and 4 dpi/dpe. In conclusion, there was transmission of vvIBDV from pigeons to chickens and pathological changes due to vvIBDV infection were less severe in pigeons than in chickens.
Design criteria for the pin-foot ratio for joining adhesion-incompatible polymers using pin-like structures in vibration welding process
Authors: Wolf Michael , Drummer Dietmar 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Joining technologies have a crucial role in the product development process, e.g. to achieve local part properties or functional integrations. This often requires multi-material joints, which are challenging for conventional joining processes. Therefore, innovative processes are needed to generate bonds between adhesion-incompatible material combinations, such as joining using pin-like structures in the vibration welding process. Investigations into this novel process have provided initial findings; however, a specific pin design is not possible at this time. For this reason, the influence of the pin-foot width of the two joining partners was analyzed numerically by simulation. The results of the simulation were validated by experimental tests. The investigations show, that the simulation model is suitable for predicting the bond quality as well as the fracture behavior of the multi-material joint based on pin-like structures. The developed correlations between material, pin-like structure, and resulting bond quality allow design criteria for the pin-like structures to be derived. These allow a specific dimensioning of the pin-foot ratio depending on the used material combination. Thus, for example, the fracture behavior of the multi-material connection can be selectively adjusted, as well as the bond strength can be maximally utilized.
Prognostic factors for in-transit metastasis in patients with malignant melanoma
Authors: Gâta Vlad Alexandru , Roman Andrei , Muntean Maximilian , Morariu Dragoș Ștefan , Vlad Cătălin Ioan , Bonci Eduard Alexandru , Irimie Alexandru , Achimaș-Cadariu Patriciu 
Published: September 2021

Background and aims. Malignant melanoma represents an aggressive and unpredictable malignancy, with high locoregional recurrence rates, regardless of tumor stage and therapeutic management. This study aims to identify the main histopathological prognostic factors involved in the development of in-transit metastasis in patients with malignant melanoma.
Methods. The study includes only patients that were diagnosed with malignant melanoma and with histologically confirmed in-transit metastasis who were treated in a comprehensive cancer center between 2010-2021. Histopathological parameters were investigated, univariate and multivariate analysis was performed.
Results. A total of 26 patients were included in the analysis. On univariate and multivariate analysis, only primary cutaneous melanomas located on the thorax correlated with the risk of developing in-transit metastasis, whereas clinicopathological factors such as an increased Breslow thickness and Clark level, the presence of ulceration, positive lymph nodes, a non-brisk TIL density, a high mitotic rate, a nodular subtype, and age>50 years may represent risk factors, even though we could not find any correlations.
Conclusions. Primary cutaneous melanomas that arise on the thorax present a high risk for the occurrence of locoregional disease, whereas other clinicopathological characteristics could not be used to predict local recurrence. However, prospective and more extensive cohort studies are needed in order to validate these important prognostic factors.
The applicability of Napping in the analysis of fermented foods and beverages – A review
Authors: István Márton , Kókai Zoltán 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNapping is one of the rapid sensory profiling methods, which was established recently to meet the needs of sensory and consumer researchers. This approach provides a holistic evaluation of the tested sample through their positioning in a 2-dimensional space. The protocol of the analysis is somewhat different from the traditionally applied descriptive methods, like Quantitative Descriptive Analysis. In our review, we focus on the applicability of Napping in the field of fermented goods. The accompanying procedures are also investigated (typically Flash Profiling, CATA, and further methods), in order to understand how the combined datasets facilitate the understanding of the sensory characteristics of the products.
QUE TUTORES INEXPERIENTES PENSAM SOBRE A MOTIVAÇÃO DOS ALUNOS NA EAD? UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Paiva Barbosa Percia , Ursi Suzana 
Published: September 2021

Um dos importantes personagens da Educação a Distância (EAD) é o tutor. Entre suas tarefas, destaca-se a necessidade de motivar os estudantes para a aprendizagem. Logo, nesta pesquisa, deseja-se compreender como esses educadores caracterizam alunos motivados para o aprendizado e quais critérios utilizam para isso. Um pequeno grupo de nove tutores de um curso a distância, sem formação ou experiência prévia, respondeu a um questionário com quatro questões abertas, as quais foram analisadas por Análise Textual Discursiva. Desse modo, como critérios para a identificação de estudantes motivados para a aprendizagem, citaram: i) o comportamento ativo do aluno; ii) a busca por informações; iii) a assiduidade; iv) a prestação de esclarecimentos ao tutor; v) a preocupação com a qualidade das atividades desenvolvidas; vi) a manutenção/ evolução de notas; vii) a pontualidade na entrega de tarefas. Verifica-se, assim, que muitos desses critérios corroboram com resultados existentes na literatura. Porém assume-se que outros fatores podem estar relacionados à motivação do aluno na EAD e que novos critérios podem ser adicionados a estes, dependendo do contexto investigado. Acredita-se que esta pesquisa se soma às demais, na medida em que apresenta novos elementos para reflexão e aprimoramento da formação e atuação do tutor nos cursos a distância.
Los grupos de acción y la aplicación de tecnología de alta productividad para maíz de secano en localidades del Plan Puebla, México
Authors: Regalado José , Pérez-Ramírez Nicolás , Ramírez Juárez Javier , Méndez Espinoza José Arturo 
Published: August 2021

El objetivo del artículo es evidenciar la importancia que tienen los grupos de acción y la aplicación de tecnología no solo en la producción de maíz sino también en los ingresos económicos de los agricultores. Los grupos de acción constituyen el medio para hacer compras consolidadas de insumos, gestionar recursos financieros y favorecer una mejor comercialización del producto. La metodología consistió en sistematizar información del seguimiento de un grupo de acción constituido por diez productores que aplicaron tecnología mejorada para producir maíz; esta información se complementó con una encuesta socioeconómica de 30 agricultores de tres municipios. Los resultados indican que la integración de grupos de acción permite incrementar los rendimientos en casi un 50% más respecto al grupo testigo, obteniendo una relación b/c de 2,44 en promedio. En conclusión, se produce un volumen de producción de maíz suficiente para satisfacer las necesidades de autoconsumo de las familias y excedentes para la venta; estos niveles de producción favorecen la reproducción de las familias rurales. Este artículo aporta información para la toma de decisiones en la implementación de programas de producción de maíz en otras localidades.
Palabras clave: tecnología, rendimientos, grupos de acción, Plan Puebla
Propagación sexual y asexual de Brosimum alicastrum Swartz en Campeche, México
Authors: Santillan Fernandez Alberto , Santiago Santes Orlando Valentín , Espinosa Grande Ezequiel , Huicab Pech Zulema Guadalupe , Larqué Saavedra Francisco Alfonso , Bautista Ortega Jaime 
Published: August 2021

Brosimum alicastrum es una especie arbórea en México con amplio potencial para la alimentación animal y humana, que se distribuye de manera natural con nulo manejo silvícola, por lo que existe poca información sobre los métodos de propagación de la especie. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la producción científica reportada sobre B. alicastrum, mediante minería de textos para conocer las técnicas que existen sobre su propagación. De igual forma, evaluar en vivero la calidad de plántulas obtenidas por métodos de propagación sexual y asexual (estacas, acodos e injertos) mediante diseños experimentales. Se encontraron 550 artículos científicos sobre B. alicastrum, las disciplinas donde se publicaron fueron: Ecología (44,18%), Botánica (13,27%), Ciencias Forestales (11,27%, de los cuales el 2,54% trabajó propagación en vivero), Zoología (11,09%), Agricultura (9,64%), Antropología (5,45%) y otras (5,10%). Respecto al método de propagación por semilla, la mejor calidad de plántula se asoció con sustratos de baja porosidad (tierra de monte) y a contenedores con diámetros grandes (36 cm). Para el caso de la propagación asexual por acodos, cuando se empleó turba como sustrato se obtuvo 90% de sobrevivencia, y por injerto de enchape lateral se encontró 75% de prendimiento. En virtud de la poca investigación que existe sobre la propagación de la especie se recomienda que la selección de la técnica de propagación esté en función de la finalidad de la plántula. Las técnicas asexuales de injerto y acodo pueden ser más eficientes en caso de requerir acortar los ciclos de producción de la semilla de B. alicastrum.
Revisión sobre límites máximos de cadmio en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Florida Rofner Nelino 
Published: August 2021

El cadmio (Cd) tiende a bioacumularse en granos de Theobroma cacao, afectando la salud humana y sus posibilidades de comercialización. Esto llevó a la Unión Europea (UE) a aprobar el Reglamento No 488/2014 para productos procesados del cacao, y motivó a la comunidad científica a realizar investigaciones sobre su bioacumulación en granos, los potenciales riesgos a la salud, calidad, y sus posibilidades de exportación. Los resultados evidencian altos niveles en diferentes regiones de los principales países productores Latinoamericanos (LA): Brasil, Ecuador, Colombia, Perú, República Dominicana, Bolivia, Honduras, y otros. Sin embargo, el reglamento 488/2014 no estipula límites máximos en cacao sin procesar; en ausencia de este, las investigaciones han clasificado estos límites, tomando como referencia los límites para cacao procesado, generando sobredimensionamiento de los niveles del metal, controversias en el mercado y retroceso en la sustitución del cultivo ilegal de la coca en esta región. Por lo tanto, en este artículo de revisión se detallarán las investigaciones realizadas sobre los niveles de Cd en almendras de cacao en principales países productores de América Latina, la aplicación del reglamento No 488/2014 a cacao sin procesar, las propuestas para establecer límites máximos en almendras sin procesar y sus implicaciones en la sustitución de cultivos ilícitos.
Banque malheur, équité et prévention au Cameroun
Authors: Wamba André 
Published: August 2021

La banque malheur est un système local/traditionnel de protection sociale servant à financer les dépenses de santé des populations, tout en réduisant les inégalités sociales d’accès aux soins. Elle enregistre au Cameroun plus de 98,5 % d’adhérents, contre 1,5% pour les mutuelles de santé. Très peu d’études ont abordé ses potentialités de solidarité et la manière dont elle parvient à produire de l’équité d’accès aux soins. À partir d’une ethnographie des comportements/réactions devant la maladie, l’article analyse les raisons du fort taux d’adhésion à la banque malheur ; et rend compte des types de solidarités qu’elle promeut. L’étude est ethnographique et a concerné 45 participants. Les résultats montrent l’existence de trois types de solidarités. (1) la caisse maladie : somme cumulée et remise à un bénéficiaire éprouvé par la maladie ou un décès. (2) la main levée à travers les rituels de visites au malade, où s’opèrent les dons de soi, en nature et en argent (3) le soutien financier familial. La solidarité s’inscrit dans le don endetté. L’étude suggère un dialogue entre la banque malheur et les mutuelles de santé, dans une perspective de la renforcer et non pas de la supplanter. Une extension des mutuelles de santé à tous les camerounais, sans une politique intégrée de santé, conduirait à la mort de la banque malheur et augmenterait, paradoxalement, les inégalités sociales de santé qu’elles sont sensées combattre.