bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PROCEDURE FOR MAKING SNAP-ON SMILE WITH ACETYL THERMOPLASTIC RESIN TO IMPROVE THE AESTHETICS AND FUNCTION IN CASE OF TOOTH LOSS
Authors: Wahjuni Sri , Setyowati Okti , Faisyah Shilvy Arofatul 
Published: April 2021

Background: Tooth loss can affect various factors in oral health. Some of these factors are functional, harmonization and aesthetics of oral health. Over time, the aesthetic factor has become an important concern in the manufacture of dentures. Apart from rehabilitating the function and harmonization of oral health, the field of dentistry must also pay attention to the aesthetics of dentures. Purpose: This article aims to discuss the use of acetyl thermoplastic ingredients in making Snap-On Smile. Review: Smile design evaluation of certain elements, namely facial analysis, analysis of relationship between the jaw and face, relationship between teeth and midline of the face, analysis of relationship between teeth and lips, relationship between teeth and gingiva and analysis of shape and color of teeth. All are related to one another. In an ideal smile, the maxillary teeth will show up in the area between the upper and lower lips. Conclusion: Aesthetic and functional improvement in tooth loss can be performed using the Snap-On Smile. Snap-On Smile is a restoration that can be used for aesthetic rehabilitation without requiring preparation or alteration of the tooth structure and cement attachment in its manufacture. The Snap-On Smile prosthesis is more comfortable and can be removed by the patient.
Physical Therapy–Induced Fracture After Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: LaCoste Ketrick L. , Arguello Alexandra M. , Ponce Brent A. 
Published: April 2021

Case:
We present a case of a physical therapy–induced fracture of the proximal humerus, presumably caused by forceful shoulder flexion and external rotation, after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) in a 70-year-old woman with underlying osteopenia, systemic lupus erythematosus, long-term glucocorticoid use, and common variable immunodeficiency.

Conclusion:
This case of a physical therapy–induced greater tuberosity fracture after RTSA presents an example of an early postoperative complication with no impact on eventual successful surgical outcomes. Special consideration should be given to tailor the postoperative rehabilitation after RTSA in patients with increased risk of fractures.
Novel Use of a Medially Applied Internal Joint Stabilizer for Recurrent Elbow Instability After a Terrible Triad
Authors: Sheth Mihir M. , Price Matthew Brent , Mitchell Scott 
Published: April 2021

Case:
A 31-year-old man with recurrent instability after treatment of a terrible triad elbow fracture-dislocation that was reconstructed with revision coronoid fixation and a novel use of a medially applied internal joint stabilizer (IJS).

Conclusion:
A medially applied IJS is an option to supplement coronoid fixation in cases with tenuous repair because of comminution or relative coronoid insufficiency. This location may be more protective for this instability pattern and, in revision settings, can avoid a second lateral incision.
Online Decision Aids for Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Karunaratne Sascha , Harris Ian A. , Trevena Lyndal , Horsley Mark , Fajardo Michael , Solomon Michael 
Published: April 2021

Update
This articlewas updated on October 25, 2021, because of a previous error.On page 8, in Figure 3, the figure keys that had been inverted now correctly define the orange and blue data points as the Gunning Fog Index and the Flesch-Kincaid Readability Score, respectively.
An erratum has been published: JBJS Reviews. 2021 Oct;9(10):e20.00088ER.

Background:
Knee arthroplasty is a high-risk, resource-intensive procedure that should be reserved for patients in whom the benefit will outweigh the risks. The provision of high-quality, publicly available decision aids can help patients to balance the benefits against the harms of treatments and to assist informed decision-making. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the content and readability of freely available knee arthroplasty decision aids.

Methods:
A systematic search using an environmental scan methodology of publicly available online materials was performed in December 2018. Included materials were assessed for quality using the International Patient Decision Aid Standards instrument (IPDASi), understandability and actionability from a patient’s perspective using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT), and readability grade level using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level and the Gunning Fog Index.

Results:
Of 761 online materials screened, 26 decision aids were identified. Only 18 (69%) may be considered to meet criteria to be defined as a decision aid and 4 (15%) met criteria suggesting that the material did not introduce potential harmful bias according to the IPDASi. The mean score (and standard deviation) for all decision aids was 74% ± 12% for understandability and 44% ± 19% for actionability using the PEMAT. Readability indices indicated a mean minimum reading level of Grade 10 (10.8 ± 2.5). No decision aid included a wait-and-see option.

Conclusions:
Few high-quality decision aids exist for patients considering knee arthroplasty and none include a wait-and-see option. Many do not provide actionable options and are pitched at above-average reading levels. Developers need to address these issues to encourage high-quality decision-making, especially for those with low health literacy.
Acceptability of COVID-19 Vaccine in Africa
Authors: Sevidzem Wirsiy Frankline , Nkfusai Ngwayu Claude , Ebot Ako-Arrey Denis , Kenfack Dongmo Esther , Titu Manjong Florence , Nambile Cumber Samuel 
Published: April 2021

As Africa prepares to overcome the difficult challenges of COVID-19 vaccination roll-outs, a number of factors, including equitable access, effective and efficient sufficient supply chains, a scope of established determinants will need to be considered in order to enhance vaccine acceptability and uptake. In this commentary, we present six major determinants of vaccine acceptability and uptake in Africa. We summarize these determinants with the acronym VAMRIS: V= Vaccine hesitancy; A= Attitude and uptake by health care workers; M= Misinformation; R= Religion; I= Immunization roll out plans; S= Social influences and enabling environment. Understanding determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptability will guide public health officials make informed decisions. As the Vaccine becomes progressively available, strategies for efficient roll-out to achieve massive uptake by the targeted population will depend on a number of factors. These include: community engagement efforts; types of health promotion activities and/or messages; community sensitization to dispel myths and misconceptions; endorsements and buy-ins from local champions, celebrities, authorities; logistic considerations; and incentives to health counsellors/workers to create demand.

Copyright © 2020 Wirsiy et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.
Design and Development of All-Electric Surface-Controlled Subsurface Safety Valve System
Authors: Gao Chuntan , Cai Baoping , Sheng Chaoyang , Zhang Yanping , Liu Zengkai , Ji Renjie , Liu Yonghong 
Published: April 2021

SummaryThe subsurface safety valve (SSV) is an essential device of a subsea production system. The hydraulic SSV is widely used, but it has some drawbacks when used in deep water: It needs a long pipeline from platform to wellhead, and brings additional pressure loss. The system needs higher pressure and manufacturing costs, but the response is slower. To solve the problem, a new all-electric surface-controlled SSV (E-SCSSV) system consisting of an E-SCSSV body and a control system is developed. The innovative structural designs include electric-drive mechanisms and a magnetic coupler that can transfer linear motion. The mechanical property of E-SCSSV body is analyzed to determine the ability to resist well pressure. The coupling rule of the magnetic coupler is studied through experiment and finite-element analysis. The dynamics of the failure-safety mechanism is investigated to obtain the optimal performance and combination of structural parameters. Using sensors on the E-SCSSV body, the operation status of the E-SCSSV can be monitored. An E-SCSSV system prototype has been developed to validate the function of the E-SCSSV. Reliability requirements are discussed. Compared with existing SSVs, the biggest advantage of the E-SCSSV is its quick response.
Crystal Structure, Spectral investigations, DFT and Antimicrobial activity of Brucinium Benzilate (BBA)
Authors: Chandran Karnan , Seetharamiah Nagaraja Karachalacherevu , Sambanthan Manivannan , Anandhan Manikandan , Venkatesan Ragavendran 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The unreported Brucinium Benzilate (BBA) crystal and hirshfeld surface analysis indicated the influence of intramolecular hydrogen bonding network. The protonation of tertiary nitrogen occurs as it is most basic. The protonated N-H+ proton was observed at 7.08 ppm and the benzilate carbon COO- at 178.41 ppm. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) studies indicated the electron-rich and electron-deficient sites in the molecule for understanding BBA interaction with an enzyme. Frontier molecular orbital (FMO) studies indicated that it is thermodynamically stable and HOMO-LUMO energy gap was found to be 4.454 eV. The highest interaction as the energy (322.86 kcal/mol) between tertiary ammonium N(LP) and H+. The compound showed the inhibition of Bacillus cereus and Salmonella typhimurium bacteria. ADMET properties indicated that BBA has drug characteristics in binding plasma protein.
Educational Strategy for Motherhood and Fatherhood: an Experience of Implementation in Soraca, Colombia
Authors: Zuluaga Gina Paola Arocha , Prieto Paula Andrea Castro , Echeverría Nancy Haydeé Millán , Cárdenas Ana María , Centeno Zulma Yanira Fonseca , Erazo Yohana Andrea Pantoja 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

Preconception education is one of the challenges in maternal and child health in Latin America, in countries such as Colombia. That is why the objective of the following research was to develop a pilot educational intervention aimed at pregnant and breastfeeding women, and their support network, to strengthen practices, skills and knowledge, for informed decision-making and the strengthening of self-care behaviors of women and childcare, beyond childbirth preparation in the municipality of Soraca, located in Boyacá, Colombia in 2017.
Methods

Quasi-experimental study with an intervention group (municipality of Soraca) and a control group (municipalities of Oicata and Sotaquira) which linked a process and impact evaluation to assess prioritized indicators in terms of maternal and child health and nutrition, before, during and after an educational intervention.
Results

The main results found that women considered the methodologies used in the educational sessions to be appropriate and relevant and recognized the importance of the call and home visit postpartum nurse. The strategy increased the involvement of the support network in training processes. In turn, the proportion of children who were breastfed was higher in the intervention group than in the control group (88% vs. 60% p = 0.037). The proportion of children who received a bottle was higher in the control group compared to the intervention group (57.1% vs. 16% p = 0.006).
Conclusion

Strategies such as the one developed in Soraca allow for improved health outcomes for the mother and child and their support network. The strategy 123 in Soraca was a clear example of how a prenatal educational intervention generates positive outcomes for mothers, infants, and their support networks in the areas of food and nutrition, emotional well-being, and physical health.
Lipidomics Reveals Glycerophospholipid Metabolism Dysregulation in the Corpus Striatum of Mice Treated with Cefepime
Authors: Liu Xiaocong , Wang Xiaojie , Wei Qingfan , Yang Xiaowei , Zhang Jiamei , Xu Rui , Zhang Haoluo , Wang Shaomin , Wan Xuemei , Jiang Linhong , He Yuman , Li Shu , Chen Rong , Wang Yonghai , Chen Yaxing , Qin Feng , Chen Yuanyuan , Dai Yanping , Li Hongchun , Zhao Ying , Zhang Huaqin , Bu Qian , Wang Hongbo , Tian Jingwei , Zhao Yinglan , Cen Xiaobo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Cefepime exhibits a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and thus is widely used for severe bacterial infection. Adverse effects on the central nervous system (CNS) have been reported in the patients treated with cefepime. Current explanation for the neurobehavioral effect of cefepime mainly attributes to its ability to across blood-brain barrier and to competitively bind to GABAergic receptor; however, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. In this study, mice were intraperitoneally administered 80 mg/kg cefepime for different time period, including 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days and 10 days, and then LC/MS-MS-based metabolomics was used to investigate the effect of cefepime on the brain lipidomic profiling and metabolic pathway. Repeated cefepime treatment time-dependently caused anxiety-like behavior accompanied with the reduced locomotor activity in the open field test. Cefepime profoundly altered the lipid profile in the corpus striatum, and glycerophospholipid contributed to a large proportion among those significantly modified lipids. Cefepime also significantly modified acyl chain length and unsaturation of fatty acids. In addition, cefepime obviously altered the morphology of neurite, mitochondria and synaptic vesicles of striatal neuron in vitro. Collectively, our results show that cefepime reprograms glycerophospholipid metabolism of corpus striatum, which may underly its neurobehavioral effect.
A qualitative study of physicians’ perceptions and preferences for implementing Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) clinical practice guidelines informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF)
Authors: Abboud Juliana , Rahman Abir Abdel , Shaikh Niaz , Dempster Martin , Adair Pauline 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background This study used the Theoretical Domains Framework to explore the beliefs and perceptions of physicians to influence the uptake of Venous Thromboembolism prevention guidelines.Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a stratified purposive sample of internal medicine physicians in an acute hospital. The interview topic guide was developed using the Theoretical Domains Framework to identify the factors perceived to influence practice. Two researchers coded the interview transcripts using thematic content analysis. Emerging relevant themes were mapped to TDF domains.Results A total of sixteen medical physicians were interviewed over a six-month period. Nine theoretical domains derived from thirty-three belief statements were identified as relevant to the target behaviour; knowledge (education about the importance of VTE guidelines); beliefs about capabilities (with practice VTE tool easier to implement); beliefs about consequences ( positive consequences in reducing the development of VTE, length of stay, financial burden and support physician decision) and (negative consequence risk of bleeding); reinforcement (recognition and continuous reminders); goals (patient safety goal); environmental context and resources (workload and availability of medications were barriers, VTE coordinator and electronic medical record were enablers); social influences (senior physicians and patient/family influence the VTE practice); behavioural regulation (monitoring and mandatory hospital policy); and nature of the behaviour.Conclusions Using the Theoretical Domains Framework, factors thought to influence the implementation of VTE clinical practice guidelines in the internal medicine department were identified. These factors present theoretically based targets for future interventions.
Delamination Testing of Additive Manufactured Sandwich Structures with Lattice Truss Core
Authors: Nuño Miguel , Bühring Jannik , Mekala Narasimha Rao , Schröder Kai-Uwe 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Sandwich structures possess a high bending stiffness compared to monolithic structures with a similar weight. This makes them very suitable for lightweight applications where high stiffness to weight ratios are needed. Most common manufacturing methods of sandwich structures involve adhesive bonding of the core material with the sheets. However, adhesive bonding is prone to delamination, a failure mode which is often difficult to detect.

In this paper, the results of delamination testing of fully additive manufactured (AM) AlSi10Mg sandwich structures with pyramidal lattice truss core are presented. To characterise the bonding strength, climbing drum peel tests and out-of-plane tensile tests are done. The thickness of the faces and the diameter of the struts is 0.5 mm, while the core is 2 mm thick. The inclination of the struts is 45°. To predict the expected failure loads and modes, analytical formulas are derived. The analytics and tests are supported by finite element (FE) calculations. From the analytic approaches, design guidelines to avoid delamination in AM sandwich structures can be followed. The study shows, that critical ratios for face sheet thickness to strut diameter can be determined, to define if the structure tends to delaminate under certain loads. Those ratios are mainly influenced by the strut inclination. The peel tests resulted in face yielding, which can also be followed from the analytics and numerics. The out-of-plane tensile tests didn't damage the structure.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Latent Tobamovirus Infecting Hevea Brasiliensis in China
Authors: Huang Xi , Chen Sixi , Yu Fengjuan , Li Zhaotong , Zhang Yonglei , Wang Hongxing , Zhai Jinling 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this work, we describe the complete sequence and genome organization of a novel tobamovirus detected in rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) by high-throughput RNA-seq. The infected plants show no identifiable symptoms, therefore this virus is tentatively named rubber tree latent virus 1 (RTLV1). The full genome of RTLV1 is 9,422 nt in length and contains three open reading frames (replicase, movement, and coat proteins) with 157 nt 5' UTR and 316 nt 3' UTR. The replicase encoded by ORF1 shares only 33.29% amino acid sequence identity with that of the closest related Frangipani mosaic virus. Phylogenetic analysis using the ORF1 amino acid sequence clusters RTLV1 with members of genus Tobamovirus (family Virgaviridae) at relative high bootstrap, suggesting that RTLV1 is a novel member of Tobamovirus.
Activation of autophagy ameliorates age-related neurogenesis decline and neurodysfunction in adult mice
Authors: yang na , Liu Xue-qin , Niu Xiao-jie , Wang Xiao-qiang , Jiang Rong , Yuan Na , Wang Jian-rong , Zhang Cheng-wu , Lim Kah-Leong , Lu Li 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Adult neurogenesis is the ongoing generation of functional new neurons from neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the mammalian brain. However, this process declines with aging, which is implicated in the recession of brain function and neurodegeneration. Understanding the mechanism of adult neurogenesis and stimulating it will benefit the mitigation of neurodegenerative diseases. Autophagy, a highly conserved process of cellular degradation, is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and normal function. Whether and how autophagy affects adult neurogenesis remains poorly understood. In present study, we revealed a close connection between impaired autophagy and adult neurogenetic decline. Expression of autophagy-related genes and autophagic activity were significantly declined in the middle-aged subventricular/subgranular zone (SVZ/SGZ) homogenates and cultured NPCs, and inhibiting autophagy by siRNA interference resulted in impaired pluripotency of NPCs. Conversely, stimulating autophagy by rapamycin not only revitalized the viability and pluripotency of middle-aged NPCs, but also facilitated the neurogenesis in middle-aged SVZ/SGZ. More importantly, autophagic activation by rapamycin also ameliorated the olfactory sensitivity and cognitional capacities in middle-aged mice. Taken together, our results reveal that compromised autophagy is involved in the decline of adult neurogenesis, which could be reversed by autophagy activation. It also shed light on the regulation of adult neurogenesis and paves the way for developing therapeutic strategy for aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
Telocytes Promote the Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Activating ERK Signaling Pathway and Sponging miR-942-3p to Impact MMP9
Authors: Xu Ying , Tian Hu , Luan Chao Guang , Sun Kai , Bao peng Jin , Zhang Hua Yu , Zhang Nan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in China is considered as a familiar malignant tumor with poor prognosis, high metastasis and disease relapse. Telocytes(TCs) have been verified to participate in progresses of tumorigenesis, invasions and migrations by secreting functional proteins and transmitting cell-to-cell information. Extracellular signal-regulared protein kinase(ERK) signal pathway is a vital mechanism driving cell proliferation, metastasis and apoptosis, but whether this molecular signaling mechanism contributes to matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP) expression of TCs remains unclear. Methods: Telocytes and MMP9 expression in the liver cancer tissues are measured by immunohistochemistry assay, Westen blot assay and RT-PCR technique, meanwhile primary telocytes from liver para-cancer tissues are cultured in vitro. To demonstrate the function of telocytes for hepatocellular carcinoma, the metastatic cancer animal model is established by three typs of liver cancer cell-lines in vivo. Results: In our study, we elucidate that TCs in the para-cancer tissue can promote the metastasis of HCC cells by MMP-9 expression, in vitro and in vivo. PDGF derived from HCC cells has a capacity to activate Ras/ERK signaling pathway of TC as a result of accelerating MMP-9 expression, but it’s no significant for proliferative potential and apoptotic rate of TCs. While tyrosine kinase inhibitors and miR-942-3p suppress MMP-9 expression to make loss functions of TCs. Various mutations of TCs are also tested and single nucleotide polymorphisms of MMP-9 may be the potentially molecular mechanism of increasing protein expression in the invasive process of HCC. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate two potential mechanisms between HCC cells and TCs, suggesting that TC is a novel marker and target on deciphering reasons of cancer metastasis.