bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning the electronic structures and anisotropic transport behaviors of GeSe monolayer by substitutional doping
Authors: Guo Caixia , Hao Shouliang , Wang Fang , Wang Tianxing , Liu Yufang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The electronic structures and anisotropic transport properties of doped-GeSe monolayers are systematically explored by performing the density functional theory combined with non-equilibrium Green’s function method. Numerical results of the cohesive energy and formation energy show that it is possible to substitute Ge/Se with isovalent atoms and group-V atoms at room temperature. Isovalent substitutions of Ge/Se atoms can maintain the semiconducting features of monolayer GeSe. While the doping of group-V atoms modifies drastically the electronic structures of doped-GeSe and makes metallic properties appear. In addition, the anisotropy of electronic transport of monolayer GeSe also can be effectively manipulated by substitutional doping. In particular, the isotropic electronic transport properties are shown in the devices based on GeSe with P substituting Ge atom. An obvious negative differential resistance behavior with a large current peak-to-valley ratio up to the radio of 103 is gained in N-dope device. These results are useful for the future potential applications of GeSe materials in next-generation high-efficiency electronic devices.
Inter-annual and spatial climatic variability have led to a balance between local fluctuating selection and wide-range directional selection in a perennial grass species
Authors: Keep T , Rouet S , Blanco-Pastor J L , Barre P , Ruttink T , Dehmer K J , Hegarty M , Ledauphin T , Litrico I , Muylle H , Roldán-Ruiz I , Surault F , Veron R , Willner E , Sampoux J P 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackground and AimsThe persistence of a plant population under a specific local climatic regime requires phenotypic adaptation with underlying particular combinations of alleles at adaptive loci. The level of allele diversity at adaptive loci within a natural plant population conditions its potential to evolve, notably towards adaptation to a change in climate. Investigating the environmental factors that contribute to the maintenance of adaptive diversity in populations is thus worthwhile. Within-population allele diversity at adaptive loci can be partly driven by the mean climate at the population site but also by its temporal variability.MethodsThe effects of climate temporal mean and variability on within-population allele diversity at putatively adaptive quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were evaluated using 385 natural populations of Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) collected right across Europe. For seven adaptive traits related to reproductive phenology and vegetative potential growth seasonality, the average within-population allele diversity at major QTLs (HeA) was computed.Key ResultsSignificant relationships were found between HeA of these traits and the temporal mean and variability of the local climate. These relationships were consistent with functional ecology theory.ConclusionsResults indicated that temporal variability of local climate has likely led to fluctuating directional selection, which has contributed to the maintenance of allele diversity at adaptive loci and thus potential for further adaptation.
Seasonality and Crime in Orlando Neighbourhoods
Authors: Kim Young-An , Wo James C 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The current study examines seasonality by modelling crime in small spatial units while accounting for numerous land uses (e.g. hotel, store, school and industrial) and sociodemographic characteristics. We estimate logistic regression models that predict the probability of a crime occurring in our sample of blocks in Orlando, FL over the 52 weeks of the year (i.e. block-weeks). In addition, we examined interaction terms between each land use measure and a set of measures for weeks of the year to assess seasonal effects on neighbourhood crime. Our findings reveal a (nonlinear) seasonal effect in which the risk of neighborhood crime peaks during the summer weeks and the effect of certain land uses systematically varies across weeks of the year.
A Validated, Rapid and Cost-Efficient HPTLC Method for Quantification of Gamma-Linolenic Acid in Borage Oil and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Kawish S M , Qadir Abdul , Saad Suma , Beg Sarwar , Jain Gaurav K , Aqil Mohd , Alanazi Amer M , Khan Azmat Ali , Rashid Md Abdur , Rab Rehan A , Almalki Waleed H , Ahmad Farhan J 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Borage oil that is extracted from (Borago officinalis Linn.) is a well-known medicinal plant having various medicinal benefits. In this work, an affordable, simple, reliable, rapid and easily accessible high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed for the estimation of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) in borage oil. HPTLC method employs thin-layer chromatography (TLC) aluminum plates precoated with silica gel (G60F254) as the stationary phase, and the mixture of hexane:toulene:glacial acetic acid (3:7:1, v/v/v) was used as the mobile phase. Densitometric analysis of the TLC plates was carried out at 200 nm. The developed method showed well-resolved spots with retention factor (Rf) value of 0.53 ± 0.04 for GLA. Various experimental conditions like saturation time for chamber, solvent phase migration and width of the band were studied intensely for selecting the optimum conditions. The method validation was performed for parameters like linearity, accuracy, specificity and precision. The values of limit of detection and limit of quantification for GLA were found to be 0.221 and 0.737 μg/band, respectively. In nutshell, the developed HPTLC method was found to be highly sensitive for the estimation of GLA in the herbal oil samples and formulations.
The Operational Feasibility of Vaccination Programs Targeting Influenza Risk Groups in the World Health Organization (WHO) African and South-East Asian Regions
Authors: Ortiz Justin R , Yu Stephen L , Driscoll Amanda J , Williams Sarah R , Robertson Joanie , Hsu Jui-Shan , Chen Wilbur H , Biellik Robin J , Sow Samba , Kochhar Sonali , Neuzil Kathleen M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background
Influenza vaccination is uncommon in low-resource settings. We evaluated aspects of operational feasibility of influenza vaccination programs targeting risk groups in the World Health Organization (WHO) African (AFR) and South-East Asian (SEAR) Regions.

Methods
We estimated routine immunization and influenza vaccination campaign doses, doses per vaccinator, and cold storage requirements for 1 simulated country in each region using evidence-based population distribution, vaccination schedule, and vaccine volumes. Influenza vaccination targeted persons &lt;5 years, pregnant women, persons with chronic diseases, persons ≥65 years, and healthcare workers (HCW). For the AFR country, we compared vaccine volumes to actual storage capacities.

Results
Targeting HCW had a small operational impact, and subsequent findings exclude this group. During 3-month influenza vaccination campaigns, monthly doses delivered in the AFR country increased from 15.0% for ≥65 years to 93.1% for &lt;5 years and in the SEAR country from 19.6% for pregnant women to 145.0% for persons with chronic diseases. National-level cold storage capacity requirements increased in the AFR country from 4.1% for ≥65 years to 20.3% for &lt;5 years and in the SEAR country from 3.9% for pregnant women to 28.8% for persons with chronic diseases. Subnational-level cold storage capacity requirements increased in the AFR country from 5.9% for ≥65 years to 36.8% for &lt;5 years and the SEAR country from 17.6% for pregnant women to 56.0% for persons with chronic diseases.

Conclusions
Influenza vaccination of most risk groups will require substantial increases in doses, doses per vaccinator, and cold storage capacity in countries where infrastructure and resources are limited.
The Mental Element in Equitable Accessory Liability
Authors: Ho Lusina 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
There has been heated debate over the test of dishonesty since it was first laid down in Royal Brunei Airlines v Tan. This paper argues that the essence of ‘dishonest’ assistance is willing participation in a breach of trust, that is, assistants endorse or accept their causal role in bringing it about. Three implications follow. First, the mental element should be fixed at the minimum level necessary to reflect endorsement rather than varying by the degree of causal contribution to the primary wrong. Second, the test of neither dishonesty nor knowledge fully captures the requisite mental element for endorsement. Third, a test framed in terms of intention and belief concerning the core elements of a breach would better identify the mental element of accessory liability in equity. This reformulated test would add much-needed transparency to mental element determination for equitable accessory liability.
Impact of skeletonized harvesting of the internal thoracic artery on intrasternal microcirculation considering preparation quality
Authors: Saemann Lars , Zubarevich Alina , Wenzel Folker , Soethoff Jasmin , Loganathan Sivakkanan , Korkmaz-Icöz Sevil , Karck Matthias , Szabó Gábor , Veres Gábor 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Previous studies have demonstrated the impact of internal thoracic artery (ITA) harvesting on microcirculation in parasternal tissues. However, the impact of skeletonized ITA harvesting on intrasternal microcirculation is unknown. Intraskeletal tissue perfusion has been proven to be crucial for deep wound healing. Furthermore, the impact of different levels of surgical preparation quality on intrasternal microcirculation has not been investigated yet.

METHODS
Sternal microcirculation (sLDP) was monitored with a novel Laser Doppler Perfusion needle probe, while the ITA was skeletonized in a pig model. To mimic different levels of preparation quality, satellite veins were either coagulated or not during preparation. To show the effect of ideally avoiding any surgical manipulation on sLDP, the ITA was clipped in a third sham-harvested group.

RESULTS
sLDP was reduced highly significant to 71 [standard deviation (SD): 9]% (P &lt; 0.001) after skeletonized harvesting of the ITA. Coagulation of the satellite veins as a detrimental surgical factor resulted in a significantly stronger reduction of sLDP to 56 (SD: 11)% (P &lt; 0.05) compared to sLDP with non-coagulated satellite veins. ITA clipping reduced sLDP highly significant to 71 (SD: 8)% (P &lt; 0.001) in the sham-operated group.

CONCLUSIONS
ITA harvesting markedly impairs microcirculation of the sternum but remains unavoidable when coronary artery bypass grafting should be performed. Nevertheless, excessive surgical damage and coagulation of satellite veins is avoidable and should be reduced to a minimum to minimize the risk of deep sternal wound healing complications.
qRSt: A Probabilistic Robinson–Schensted Correspondence for Macdonald Polynomials
Authors: Aigner Florian , Frieden Gabriel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present a probabilistic generalization of the Robinson–Schensted correspondence in which a permutation maps to several different pairs of standard Young tableaux with nonzero probability. The probabilities depend on two parameters $q$ and $t$, and the correspondence gives a new proof of the squarefree part of the Cauchy identity for Macdonald polynomials (i.e., the equality of the coefficients of $x_1 \cdots x_n y_1 \cdots y_n$ on either side, which are related to permutations and standard Young tableaux). By specializing $q$ and $t$ in various ways, one recovers the row and column insertion versions of the Robinson–Schensted correspondence, several $q$- and $t$-deformations of row and column insertion which have been introduced in recent years in connection with $q$-Whittaker and Hall–Littlewood processes, and the Plancherel measure on partitions. Our construction is based on Fomin’s growth diagrams and the recently introduced notion of a probabilistic bijection between weighted sets.
ZmPPR26, a DYW-type pentatricopeptide repeat protein, is required for C-to-U RNA editing at atpA-1148 in maize chloroplasts
Authors: Liu Xin-Yuan , Jiang Rui-Cheng , Wang Yong , Tang Jiao-Jiao , Sun Feng , Yang Yan-Zhuo , Tan Bao-Cai 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins are involved in the C-to-U RNA editing of organellar transcripts. The maize genome contains over 600 PPR proteins and few have been found to function in the C-to-U RNA editing in chloroplasts. Here, we report the function of ZmPPR26 in the C-to-U RNA editing and chloroplast biogenesis in maize. ZmPPR26 encodes a DYW-type PPR protein targeted to chloroplasts. The zmppr26 mutant exhibits albino seedling-lethal phenotype. Loss of function of ZmPPR26 abolishes the editing at atpA-1148 site, and decreases the editing at ndhF-62, rpl20-308, rpl2-2, rpoC2-2774, petB-668, rps8-182, and ndhA-50 sites. Overexpression of ZmPPR26 in zmppr26 restores the editing efficiency and rescues the albino seedling-lethal phenotype. Abolished editing at atpA-1148 causes a Leu to Ser change at AtpA-383 that leads to a reduction in the abundance of chloroplast ATP synthase in zmppr26. The accumulation of photosynthetic complexes are also markedly reduced in zmppr26, providing an explanation for the albino seedling-lethal phenotype. These results indicate that ZmPPR26 is required for the editing at atpA-1148 and is important for editing at the other seven sites in maize chloroplasts. The editing at atpA-1148 is critical for AtpA function, assembly of ATP synthase complex, and chloroplast biogenesis in maize.
Unraveling the impact on agronomic traits of the genetic architecture underlying plant-density responses in canola
Authors: Menendez Yesica C , Sanchez Diego H , Snowdon Rod J , Rondanini Deborah P , Botto Javier F 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Plant density defines vegetative architecture and the competition for light between individuals. Brassica napus (canola, rapeseed) presents a radically different plant architecture compared to traditional crops commonly cultivated at high density, and can act as a model system of indeterminate growth. Using a panel of 152 spring-type accessions and a double-haploid population of 99 lines from a cross between the cultivars Lynx and Monty, we performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping for 12 growth and yield traits at two contrasting plant densities of 15 and 60 plants m–2. The most significant associations were found for time to flowering, biomass at harvest, plant height, silique and seed numbers, and seed yield. These were generally independent of plant density, but some density-dependent associations were found in low-density populations. RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis revealed distinctive latent gene-regulatory responses to simulated shade between Lynx and Monty. Having identified candidate genes within the canola QTLs, we further examined their influence on density responses in Arabidopsis lines mutated in certain homologous genes. The results suggested that TCP1 might promote growth independently of plant density, while HY5 could increase biomass and seed yield specifically at high plant density. For flowering time, the results suggested that PIN genes might accelerate flowering in plant a density-dependent manner whilst FT, HY5, and TCP1 might accelerate it in a density-independent. This work highlights the advantages of using agronomic field experiments together with genetic and transcriptomic approaches to decipher quantitative complex traits that potentially mediate improved crop productivity.
Rapid mass transfer between the twin components in the hierarchical triple system GK Cep
Authors: Zhao E-G , Qian S-B , Zhou X , Li L-J , Zhu L-Y , Zhang L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
GK Cep is an eclipsing binary that contains two A-type components with an orbital period of 0.936 d. The high mass ratio and the contact or near-contact configuration make it a key target to understand binary evolution. However, the physical properties and evolutionary state are still unknown. Here we present the UV light curve obtained by using the lunar-based ultraviolet telescope (LUT) and several eclipse times obtained with the Sino-Thai 70-cm telescope and the 1.0-m telescope at Yunnan Observatories. Analysis of the LUT light curve suggests that GK Cep is a near-contact semidetached system where the slightly less massive component is the hotter one that is filling the critical Roche lobe. Meanwhile, a hotspot is found on the neck of the more massive but cooler component. By using all available times for the light minimum, it is detected that the O–C curve shows a cyclic oscillation while it undergoes an upward parabolic change. The increase of the orbital period, the high mass ratio, the semidetached configuration with a lobe-filling less massive component, and the presence of a hotspot on the more massive component all suggest that GK Cep is in a key evolutionary state just after the shortest-period evolutionary stage during the rapid mass transfer. The cyclic change in the O–C curve reveals that GK Cep contains a solar-type stellar companion in a triply hierarchical system that is in agreement with the spectroscopic result. The third body contributes about 2.6 per cent to the total light of the triple system.
Classification of periodic variable stars with novel cyclic-permutation invariant neural networks
Authors: Zhang Keming , Bloom Joshua S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We present Cyclic-Permutation Invariant Neural Networks, a novel class of neural networks (NNs) designed to be invariant to phase shifts of period-folded periodic sequences by means of ‘symmetry padding’. In the context of periodic variable star light curves, initial phases are exogenous to the physical origin of the variability and should thus be immaterial to the downstream inference application. Although previous work utilizing NNs commonly operated on period-folded light curves, no approach to date has taken advantage of such a symmetry. Across three different data sets of variable star light curves, we show that two implementations of Cyclic-Permutation Invariant Networks—iTCN and iResNet—consistently outperform state-of-the-art non-invariant baselines and reduce overall error rates by between 4 to 22 per cent. Over a 10-class OGLE-III sample, the iTCN/iResNet achieves an average per-class accuracy of 93.4 per cent/93.3 per cent, compared to recurrent NN/random forest accuracies of 70.5 per cent/89.5 per cent in a recent study using the same data. Finding improvement on a non-astronomy benchmark, we suggest that the methodology introduced here should also be applicable to a wide range of science domains where periodic data abounds.
Organ-, sex- and age-dependent patterns of endogenous L1 mRNA expression at a single locus resolution
Authors: Stow Emily C , Kaul Tiffany , deHaro Dawn L , Dem Madeleine R , Beletsky Anna G , Morales Maria E , Du Qianhui , LaRosa Alexis J , Yang Hanlin , Smither Emily , Baddoo Melody , Ungerleider Nathan , Deininger Prescott , Belancio Victoria P 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Expression of L1 mRNA, the first step in the L1 copy-and-paste amplification cycle, is a prerequisite for L1-associated genomic instability. We used a reported stringent bioinformatics method to parse L1 mRNA transcripts and measure the level of L1 mRNA expressed in mouse and rat organs at a locus-specific resolution. This analysis determined that mRNA expression of L1 loci in rodents exhibits striking organ specificity with less than 0.8% of loci shared between organs of the same organism. This organ specificity in L1 mRNA expression is preserved in male and female mice and across age groups. We discovered notable differences in L1 mRNA expression between sexes with only 5% of expressed L1 loci shared between male and female mice. Moreover, we report that the levels of total L1 mRNA expression and the number and spectrum of expressed L1 loci fluctuate with age as independent variables, demonstrating different patterns in different organs and sexes. Overall, our comparisons between organs and sexes and across ages ranging from 2 to 22 months establish previously unforeseen dynamic changes in L1 mRNA expression in vivo. These findings establish the beginning of an atlas of endogenous L1 mRNA expression across a broad range of biological variables that will guide future studies.
catRAPIDomics v2.0: going deeper and wider in the prediction of protein–RNA interactions
Authors: Armaos Alexandros , Colantoni Alessio , Proietti Gabriele , Rupert Jakob , Tartaglia Gian Gaetano 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPrediction of protein–RNA interactions is important to understand post-transcriptional events taking place in the cell. Here we introduce catRAPID omics v2.0, an update of our web server dedicated to the computation of protein–RNA interaction propensities at the transcriptome- and RNA-binding proteome-level in 8 model organisms. The server accepts multiple input protein or RNA sequences and computes their catRAPID interaction scores on updated precompiled libraries. Additionally, it is now possible to predict the interactions between a custom protein set and a custom RNA set. Considerable effort has been put into the generation of a new database of RNA-binding motifs that are searched within the predicted RNA targets of proteins. In this update, the sequence fragmentation scheme of the catRAPID fragment module has been included, which allows the server to handle long linear RNAs and to analyse circular RNAs. For the top-scoring protein–RNA pairs, the web server shows the predicted binding sites in both protein and RNA sequences and reports whether the predicted interactions are conserved in orthologous protein–RNA pairs. The catRAPID omics v2.0 web server is a powerful tool for the characterization and classification of RNA-protein interactions and is freely available at http://service.tartaglialab.com/page/catrapid_omics2_group along with documentation and tutorial.
OmicsAnalyst: a comprehensive web-based platform for visual analytics of multi-omics data
Authors: Zhou Guangyan , Ewald Jessica , Xia Jianguo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractData analysis and interpretation remain a critical bottleneck in current multi-omics studies. Here, we introduce OmicsAnalyst, a user-friendly, web-based platform that allows users to perform a wide range of well-established data-driven approaches for multi-omics integration, and visually explore their results in a clear and meaningful manner. To help navigate complex landscapes of multi-omics analysis, these approaches are organized into three visual analytics tracks: (i) the correlation network analysis track, where users choose among univariate and multivariate methods to identify important features and explore their relationships in 2D or 3D networks; (ii) the cluster heatmap analysis track, where users apply several cutting-edge multi-view clustering algorithms and explore their results via interactive heatmaps; and (iii) the dimension reduction analysis track, where users choose among several recent multivariate techniques to reveal global data structures, and explore corresponding scores, loadings and biplots in interactive 3D scatter plots. The three visual analytics tracks are equipped with comprehensive options for parameter customization, view customization and targeted analysis. OmicsAnalyst lowers the access barriers to many well-established methods for multi-omics integration via novel visual analytics. It is freely available at https://www.omicsanalyst.ca.