bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of severe visual impairment and barriers to access eye care services in the Udupi district
Authors: Rao Lavanya G. , Sharma Dushyanth , Bhandary Sulatha V. , Handa Divya , Kamath Yogish 
Published: April 2021

Aim: To assess the prevalence of severe visual impairment (SVI) and reasons for not accessing eye care services in a field practice area of a tertiary care hospital.
Study design: Cross-sectional observational study.
Materials and methods: Through a cross-sectional study using simple random sampling, a total of 1510, individuals above 18 years of age, from six rural and maternity welfare centers (RMCW) within a distance of 20 km from a tertiary hospital were approached. All participants underwent basic assessment of visual acuity, anterior segment evaluation using torch light, and answered a structured questionnaire on eye care.
Results: Of 1510 subjects, 267 had SVI (defined as visual acuity < 6/60 either in one or both eyes) with a prevalence of 17.7%. SVI was higher among men and those above 60 years of age (52.8%). Significant association was found between barriers to accessing eye care facilities and lack of knowledge to access health care (p = 0.004), lack of financial support (95% CI, p = 0.006), and social reasons (95% CI, p = 0.028). Prevalence of SVI among diabetics was 32.7% as compared to non-diabetics (OR: 2.630; 95% confidence interval: 1.864–3.712), and among hypertensives was 34.61% as compared to non-hypertensives (OR: 2.836; 95% confidence interval: 1.977–4.068).
Conclusion: In spite of being close to a tertiary care center, a prevalence of SVI in 17.7% of this population indicates a lack of knowledge regarding the importance of self-health care in subjects. This emphasizes the need to increase the awareness among the general public to access the ophthalmic health care facilities in order to improve the ocular health of the patients.
Epstein-Barr virus uveitis after intravitreal triamcinolone injection
Authors: Ong Jessica , Richards Josephine 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: To report a case of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) uveitis after intravitreal triamcinolone injection.
Methods: Observational case report.
Results: A 66-year-old male presented with bilateral intermediate uveitis, left macular branch retinal vein occlusion, and left macular edema 3 months following acute infectious mononucleosis. He received systemic prednisolone, methotrexate, and intravitreal bevacizumab with partial response. Intravitreal triamcinolone was given for recurrent macular edema, which led to the development of severe panuveitis with positive EBV PCR in aqueous humour. This was successfully treated with high-dose systemic valaciclovir and topical prednisolone.
Conclusion: Non-infectious uveitis may become infectious following intravitreal steroid administration triggering intraocular viral replication. Intraocular fluid should be tested in cases which are suspicious for infection and EBV should be considered a differential diagnosis, particularly if PCR is negative for more common viral etiologies.
Localization of a Micro AUV with Dynamic Trilateration Using Low-power Packet Radio RSSI
Authors: Phoka Thanathorn , Kumphet Kritsana , Massagram Wansuree 
Published: April 2021

Communication radio-based AUV localization was demonstrated in this study. The proposed solution was formulated and derived for both stationary and linearly drifting objects of interest and is possible of operating in GNSS-denied operations. Linear curve-fit to experimental data for radio-distance mapping with range calculation was tested in terrestrial and marine environments. The use of packet radio equipment on a secondary basis for localization may present a potential for reduced requirements for high precision or task-specific hardware in the future.
Writing Strategies to Demystify Publishing
Authors: Pagana Kathleen Deska 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTLack of knowledge of the publishing process and lack of motivation are major reasons why many nurses do not attempt to write an article for publication. The purpose of this article is to demystify the writing and publishing process. The eight major steps entailed in preparing a manuscript are described. Emphasis is focused on numerous motivational strategies necessary to initiate and complete a writing project.
The Taste of Nursing: An Initiative to Attract a New Type of Nursing Student
Authors: Gruca Jo Ann M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Across the nation, a new group of students is electing to enter nursing-those with degrees or work experience in other areas. To address the special needs of these individuals. Taste of Nursing was developed by faculty in a school of nursing in conjunction with local hospitals. This three-session adult education workshop was designed to increase participants' understanding of the satisfaction, frustrations, and opportunities within nursing as well as routes to preparation for this career. Suggestions are presented for program variations that might broaden the workshop's scope.
Nurses' Attitudes Toward Nursing Process as Measured by the Dayton Attitude Scale
Authors: Martin Patricia A , Dugan Janet , Freundl Margaret , Miller Susan E , Phillips Rita , Sharritts Loretta 
Published: April 2021

Patricia A. Martin, PhD, RN; Janet Dugan, MS, RN; Margaret Freundl, MSN, RN; Susan E. Miller, MS, RN; Rita Phillips, MSN, RN, FNR C; and Loretta Sharritts, MS, RN
ABSTRACT
This study measured the knowledge of and attitudes toward the nursing process held by nurses who provide direct patient care. The Dayton Attitude Scale Toward Care Planning (DASC) was returned by 1,096 nurses practicing in nine hospitals. Overall, participants were knowledgeable of the nursing process and held a relatively positive attitude toward the nursing process and nursing diagnosis. Higher nursing degrees were associated with more positive attitudes. The most common barrier to the use of the nursing process was insufficient time. The study found that less than 30% of the subjects liked the way care planning was done. These findings suggest that improving care planning systems would further promote consistency in the process.
A Collaborative Program for International Education
Authors: Nicholas Patrice Kenneally , Leuner Jean D'Meza , Miller Diana Fairfax , Kelliher Dorothy , Lynch Brian , Fitzmaurice Joan B 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A collaborative educational program for Japanese nurses was developed, which merged the resources of the practice and education settings at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and the MGH Institute of Health Professions. Two concurrent programs were developed-Adult Health and Maternal-Child Health. These concurrent programs focused on content reflecting key areas in the realm of nursing practice and education in both Japan and the United States. Complementary clinical tours were an integral part of the program. This dyad of lecture and clinical experiences provided a forum to focus on issues relevant to nursing worldwide.
The Communication Training Needs of Registered Nurses
Authors: Johnson John R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine registered nurses' (RN) perceived levels of communication effectiveness and need for communication training. Results of the survey indicate that RNs view themselves as fairly effective in using most job-related communication skills except for performance appraisal interviewing, public speaking, and persuasion. The majority of RNs had received training in most communication skills, the exceptions being persuasion and employment interviewing. The two most prominent sources for this training were college and on-the-job training. The results also indicate that RNs believe a variety of communication skills, including presentational speaking, listening, persuasive speaking, group problem solving, leadership, and technical report writing, are important to their job performance. The majority of RNs thought they needed additional training in these skills and were willing to receive such training. Their preferences for receiving the instruction were in-house or industry-based training seminars and profession-sponsored continuing education programs.
Student Selection and Predictors of Success for a New Course of Study in Critical Care Nursing
Authors: Taylor Catherine , Nugent Pauline 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Nursing education in Australia is undergoing many changes. In line with these changes, a new innovative collaborative course in critical care nursing has been developed and offered at Deakin University, Melbourne. The process and rationale for student selection for this new course is outlined in this paper and in particular, a model for selection that defines aspects related to potential for success.
A Strategy for Responding to the Training Needs of Nursing Staff in a New Cardiac/Neurosurgical ICU and Telemetry Unit
Authors: Robins Elaine V , Brush Kathryn , Miller Kathleen Hagerman , Kraiger Linda L , Ponte Patricia Reid 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The decision of the Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) to expand its capacity to care for acute cardiac surgical and neurosurgical patients resulted in the need for an education and training program for a large group of nursing staff. In such situations, where an existing service is being expanded or a new service initiated, nursing education departments must quickly devise simple and cost-effective mechanisms to promote the competency of nursing staff. Nurse educators, staff nurses, nurse managers, and clinical nurse specialists all play a role in planning and implementing the relevant education and evaluation program. BWH chose to recruit temporary special projects staff nurses to address these increased educational needs.
Documenting Patient Education A Literature Review
Authors: Casey Frances S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Lack of time is cited as the most common reason why staff nurses neglect to document patient education. Consumer rights, standards of practice, and other laws regulating nursing practice require nurses to teach patients. Administration and staff development can enhance nurses' efforts to document more effectively. Forms and flowsheets detailing content and learner outcomes and tracking patients' progress can affect the quality of documentation. Nurses are encouraged to continue developing new forms and flowsheets and to share their products with others.
The Patient Care Assistant Program: The Nursing Profession's and a Community College's Response to Educating Unlicensed Assistive Personnel
Authors: Ashwill Jean 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Preparing unlicensed assistive personnel for work in hospitals is one of the major challenges facing the nursing profession in the 1990s. Continued debate prevails over who should educate these health care workers and what content should be included in the curriculum. The 516-hour course described in this article was designed by nursing professionals to educate and train individuals to function as unlicensed assistive personnel in the acute care setting. The program takes place in a junior college and consists of learning activities in the classroom, skills laboratory, nursing home, and acute care hospital.
Professional Nursing Series by Videoconferencing
Authors: Weber Jeanne Rodier , Lawlor Andrew C 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A consortially developed continuing education series for rural nurses was implemented using videoconferencing technology. This article provides an overview of distance education technologies, the history and goals of the demonstration project at Edinboro University, and the coordination activities and instructional issues faced by the faculty. Participants became acquainted with distance education technology as they developed a process for program development, delivery, evaluation, and for awarding continuing education credits. The project was well received by instructors and students and testified to previous findings in the literature that distance education is a viable delivery system in terms of a teaching tool, learner satisfaction, and cost effectiveness.
Perinatal Staff Nurse Medical Device Use and Education
Authors: McConnell Edwina A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Background: How and what RNs working in the perinatal area initially learned about the medical devices they use and the sequelae of device use both for patients and staff were explored.
Method: Eighty-five perinatal staff nurses working at a 500-bed tertiary care hospital in a medium-size midwestern American city were surveyed using a mailed questionnaire comprised of 26 open-ended and closed-ended questions pertaining to device education, consequences of device use, demographic characteristics, and employment situation.
Results: Most participants (n = 48, 62.3%) initially learned about the most frequently used device by reading the user/instruction manual. At least 90% (n = 77) of participants indicated they initially had learned how to operate the device, its purpose, function, and patient factors indicating use. Inadequate device knowledge was related to nurse stress, and being unsure how to use the device and fear of harming the patient were the two reasons most frequently identified as causing the stress. Six percent (n = 5) of staff nurses had used a device that caused patient harm.
Conclusion: What RNs initially learn about medical devices may be related to how they learn, and the continuing increase in nurse use of medical devices has implications for all aspects of professional nursing: curriculum, teaching clinical nursing, continuing education and staff development, and research.
Creative Teams: An Experiential Activity
Authors: Manzo Lael , Rodriguez Mercedes L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Background: Staff development educators in a Department of Education & Development were seeking a creative activity to reinforce the qualities of effective teams.
Method: Staff development educators developed an experiential activity that provides an opportunity to observe team behaviors by introducing several glitches into a goal-oriented team project. Later, observed team behaviors were explored with the group.
Results: The activity allowed participants to practice collaboration, communication, and problem-solving skills while functioning as a team.
Conclusion: This activity, which is easily adaptable to any audience, creatively integrates the principles of adult learning to provide participants with an opportunity to discuss and practice behaviors necessary for teamwork in the current health care settings.
CHONDROMALACIA PATELLA: A NONOPERATIVE TREATMENT PROGRAM
Authors: Wissinger H Andrew 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: One hundred consecutively selected patients with chondromalacia patella were examined arthroscopically. The severity of the disease process was graded on the basis of the arthroscopic examination. A well-controlled nonoperative treatment program was instituted, and the end results were then tabulated when a minimum two-year follow-up had been achieved.
A review of the literature revealed that others have graded chondromalacia.1"4 There have been previous reports of well-controlled nonoperative programs for chondromalacia patella utilizing a classification system based upon axial x-ray.5*6 A therapeutic approach to chondromalacia patella has been report ed, but no results of the efficacy of the system are available.7
The need for a study combining an adequate sample, pretreatment grading of the severity of the disease, a uniform treatment program, and statistically significant results of the program became apparent.
CAST-BRACING OF FEMORAL FRACTURES: EXPERIENCE AT EMORY UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS
Authors: St Pierre Rick K , Holmes Hamilton E , Fleming Lamar L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: At Emory University Hospitals from 1975 to 1979, 110 fractures of the femoral shaft were treated following a femoral fracture protocol with a single component cast-brace and early ambulation. In an effort to reduce the hospitalization and disability time in patients with mid-third and distal-third femoral fractures, a technique of modified Dehne bracing was used in which immediate ambulation was instituted after casting. Prior to initiation of this protocol, these fractures were routinely treated with six to eight weeks of balanced traction, followed by four to six months of cast fixation and a subsequent period of rehabilitation. Complications of the technique occurred in 9% of the patients, with shortening of 2.3 cm in 5%, refractures in 3% and malunion in 1%.
This series of patients demonstrates the technical feasibility of a single component cast-brace and early ambulation for fractures of the femoral shaft, which is a great advance in the closed treatment of femoral fractures. Our results show that early cast-bracing using a modified Dehne technique is a viable method of treating fractures of the femoral shaft, with the technique being most effective when applied in the early stages- days one through 28. Indexing terms: cast-bracing, femoral fractures.
Olecranon Fractures Treated With AO Screw and Tension Bands
Authors: Johnson Roger Paul , Roetker Alan , Schwab Jeffrey P 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: Twenty-eight patients averaging 36.4 years of age underwent open reduction and internal fixation of olecranon fractures. The AO cancellous screw was used alone in 16 and with tension banding in 12. Banding was used when the bone was soft or severely comminuted. The fractures were clinically healed at an average of nine weeks and roentgenographic healing with obliteration of the fracture line occurred at 13 weeks. Sixty-seven percent acquired full motion by the ninth postoperative week. All but two patients regained full supination and pronation. No patient lost greater than 30° of extension and only two lost greater than 30° of flexion. There were few operative difficulties or postoperative complications.
We found the AO cancellous screw alone and in severely comminuted cases in combination with tension band wiring to be an excellent fixation device for olecranon fractures. It allows for early range of motion in young patients with excellent healing prospects by 16 weeks.
A Comparative Study of Synthetic Cast Material Strength
Authors: Callahan Dennis J , Carney David J , Daddario Nicholas , Walter Norman E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT: The strength of five commercially available synthetic orthopedic casting products are discussed. Using three testing designs, significant differences could be consistently determined. These testing methods provide a means of comparing the various casting products on the market.
The authors point out that this study was a comparison of ultimate strength only, and did not compare the other characteristics of the products. It also was noted that all these synthetic casting materials were stronger than plaster-of-Paris casting material.
NEUROLOGIC DEFICITS ASSOCIATED WITH SACRAL WING FRACTURES
Authors: Rai Sajith K , Far Rointan F , Ghovanlou Bijan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Twelve of 96 patients with pelvic fractures suffered neurologic deficits. Four secondary to acetabular fractures were excluded from the study. Of the remaining eight, five were found by CT scan to be secondary to fractures of the sacral wing extending through the sacral foramina. On the basis of this study, it is believed that the neurologic injuries were due to sacral root injuries rather than lumbosacral plexus injuries. This concept potentially could lead to surgical approaches for decompression of sacral root trauma.
Complications of CT-Guided Biopsy of the Spine and Sacrum
Authors: Olscamp Adam , Rollins James , Tao Sidney S , Ebraheim Nabil A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study reviews the results of 94 computed tomography (CT)-guided Craig needle biopsies of the spine and sacrum performed at one center. An indication for biopsy in this study was prompted by abnormal findings identified by one or more of the following diagnostic modalities: radiography, CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or bone scanning. These patients then underwent CT-guided Craig needle biopsy of the spine and sacrum for further evaluation. There were 1 biopsy of the cervical spine, 19 of the thoracic spine, 66 of the lumbar spine, and 8 of the sacrum. Biopsy sensitivity was 94.5% and specificity was 96.8%. This accuracy compared with other diagnostic modalities showed biopsy to be the gold standard for diagnosis of spine or sacral lesions.
Of the 94 cases reviewed, 6 complications were noted. All complications were acute in nature and included 1 aortic puncture, 2 psoas punctures with associated psoas hematomas, 1 biopsy of an incorrect level, and 2 aborted procedures secondary to patient discomfort. No infections or neurological sequelae were seen. Although the benefits of CT-guided biopsy over open biopsy have been shown previously, this review demonstrates it is not without significant risk.
Resorbable Posterolateral Graft Containment in a Rabbit Spinal Fusion Model
Authors: Poynton Ashley R , Tomin Emre , Cornwall G Bryan , Zheng Fengyu , Lane Joseph M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The effect of a resorbable graft containment device was evaluated in a rabbit posterolateral lumbar spinal fusion model. Twenty rabbits were divided into four groups: autogenous bone graft (ABG), ABG with the MacroPore containment device (MacroPore Biosurgery Inc, San Diego, Calif) (ABG+MP), demineralized bone matrix (DBM), and DBM with the containment device (DBM+MP). Fusion mass was assessed at 6 weeks with high resolution radiographs and volumetric computed tomography (CT). The graft containment device was associated with alteration of the fusion mass structure and significant enhancement of fusion mass volume (ABG versus ABG+MP, P=.027; DBM versus DBM+MP, P=.043). A bioabsorbable, protective graft containment device successfully enhanced posterolateral spinal fusion mass volume.
Applications of a Resorbable Interbody Spacer via a Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion Technique
Authors: Alexander Joseph T , Branch Charles L , Subach Brian R , Haid Regis W 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Polyhydroxyacids are a promising class of bioresorbable materials with potential applications in spinal surgery. One such polymer, MacroPore (MacroPore Biosurgery Inc, San Diego, Calif), offers a balance of strength, predictable degradation, lack of stimulus of foreign body reaction, and biocompatibility with neural tissue. MacroPore can be formed into an array of shapes and can be manufactured, sterilized, and stored with conventional techniques. Limited clinical experience has been gained with bioresorbable implants that are used as load-sharing devices in a posterior lumbar interbody fusion construct.
New Directions in Bioabsorbable Technology
Authors: Warren Stephen M , Sylvester Karl , Chen Constance M , Hedrick Marc H , Longaker Michael T 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Generating replacement tissues requires an interdisciplinary approach that combines developmental, cell, and molecular biology with biochemistry, immunology, engineering, medicine, and the material sciences. Since the basic cues for tissue engineering may be derived from endogenous models, investigators are learning how to imitate nature. Endogenous models may provide the biologic blueprints for tissue restoration, but there is still much to learn. Interdisciplinary barriers must be overcome to create composite, vascularized, patientspecific tissue constructs for replacement and repair. although multistep, multicomponent tissue fabrication requires an amalgamation of ideas, the following review is limited to the new directions in bioabsorbable technology. the review highlights novel bioabsorbable design and therapeutic (gene, protein, and cell-based) strategies that are currently being developed to solve common spinal problems.