bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Information Asymmetry Effects of Expanded Disclosures About Derivative and Hedging Activities
Authors: Steffen Thomas D. 
Published: December 2021

I study the information asymmetry effects of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Number 161 (SFAS 161), which requires changes to the content and format of derivative and hedging footnote disclosures. Using a difference-in-differences design, I investigate whether these mandatory disclosure changes affected bid-ask spreads. To capture the extent to which firms were likely impacted by SFAS 161, I employ two complementary measures: (1) actual changes in firms’ derivative and hedging disclosures, and (2) pre-SFAS 161 levels of firms’ derivative and hedging activities. Both measures provide consistent evidence that bid-ask spreads decreased more for firms whose disclosures were more likely affected by SFAS 161. I also find that increased qualitative information and more disaggregated quantitative data (i.e., disclosure content) matter more than disclosure grouping and tabular display (i.e., disclosure format) for the observed decrease in bid-ask spreads. Overall, my findings suggest that the disclosure changes required by SFAS 161 reduced information asymmetry among investors regarding the firm value effects of derivative and hedging activities. These results may prove useful to regulators and standard setters as they consider disclosure requirements in other contexts. This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.
Estimation of lifetime survival and predictors of mortality among TB with HIV co-infected children after test and treat strategies launched in Northwest, Ethiopia, 2021; a multicentre historical follow-up study
Authors: Chanie Ermias Sisay , Gelaye Getnet Asmare , Tadesse Tesfaye Yimer , feleke Dejen Getaneh , Admas Wubet Taklual , Molla Alemu Eshetie , Azanaw Melkalem Mamoye , Tiruneh Sofonyas Abebaw , Gebremariam Alemayehu Digssie , Birhane Binyam Minuye , Bayih Wubet Alebachew , Aragie Getachew 
Published: December 2021

Introduction
In resource-limited settings, the mortality rate among tuberculosis and human Immunodeficiency virus co-infected children is higher. However, there is no adequate evidence in Ethiopia in general and in the study area in particular. Hence, this study aims to estimate lifetime survival and predictors of mortality among TB with HIV co-infected children after test and treat strategies launched in Northwest Ethiopia Hospitals, 2021.

Methods
Institution-based historical follow-up study was conducted in Northwest Ethiopia Hospitals among 227 Tuberculosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus co-infected children from March 1, 2014, to January 12, 2021. The data were entered into Epi info-7 and then exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. The log-rank test was used to estimate the curve difference of the predictor variables. Bivariable cox-proportional hazard models were employed for each predictor variable. Additionally, those variables having a p-value < 0.25 in bivariate analysis were fitted into a multivariable cox-proportional hazards model. P-value < 0.05 was used to declare significance associated with the dependent variable.

Results
From a total of 227 TB and HIV co-infected children, 39 died during the follow-up period. The overall mortality rate was 3.7 (95% CI (confidence interval): 2.9–4.7) per 100 person-years with a total of 1063.2-year observations. Cotrimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) non-users [Adjusted Hazarded Ratio (AHR) = 3.8 (95% CI: 1.64–8.86)], presence of treatment failure [AHR = 3.0 (95% CI: 1.14–78.17)], and Cluster of differentiation 4(CD4) count below threshold [AHR = 2.7 (95% CI: 1.21–6.45)] were significant predictors of mortality.

Conclusion
In this study, the mortality rate among TB and HIV co-infected children was found to be very high. The risk of mortality among TB and HIV co-infected children was associated with treatment failure, CD4 count below the threshold, and cotrimoxazole preventive therapy non-users. Further research should conduct to assess and improve the quality of ART service in Northwest Ethiopia Hospitals.
Prevalence of unrecognized depression and associated factors among medical outpatient department attendees; a cross sectional study
Authors: Lemma Alemu , Mulat Haregewoyin , Nigussie Kabtamu , Getinet Wondale 
Published: December 2021

Objectives
To determine the prevalence and associated factors of unrecognized depression among patients who visit non-psychiatric outpatient departments in the University of Gondar specialized teaching hospital. North West Ethiopia.

Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Medical outpatient departments in the University of Gondar specialized referral hospital from March to April 2019. We collected data through face-to-face interviews. We recruited 314 participants for face-to-face interviews using the systematic random sampling technique. The patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to measure depression. Coded variables were entered into Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval were used to calculate significance.

Results
A total of 314 participants were interviewed with a response rate of 100%. The prevalence of depression was 15.9% with (95% CI (12.1–20.1)). In the multivariate logistic regression revealed that, able to read and write (AOR = 0.24, 95% CI (0.67–0.84)), secondary education (AOR = 0.34, 95% CI (0.12–0.91)), education in college and university level (AOR = 0.32, 95% CI (0.13–0.78)), poor social support (AOR = 7.78, 95% CI (2.74–22.09)), current cigarette smokers(AOR = 12.65, 95% CI (1.79–89.14)) were associated with depression.

Conclusion
The prevalence of depression among outpatient attendees was high. We recommend an early depression screening be carried out by health professionals.
Cardiovascular safety of celecoxib in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Bai-Ru , Chen Jia-Qi , Zhang Xiao-Wen , Gao Qin-Yang , Li Wei-Hong , Yan Li-Jiao , Zhang Yu-Qiao , Wu Chang-Jiang , Xing Jing-Li , Liu Jian-Ping 
Published: December 2021

Objective
To assess the cardiovascular safety of celecoxib compared to non-selective non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs or placebo.

Methods
We included randomized controlled trials of oral celecoxib compared with a non-selective NSAID or placebo in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients. We conducted searches in EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, MEDLINE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, Wanfang, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. Study selection and data extraction were done by two authors independently. The risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane’s risk-of-bias Tool for Randomized Trials. The effect size was presented as a risk ratio with their 95% confidence interval.

Results
Until July 22nd, 2021, our search identified 6279 records from which, after exclusions, 21 trials were included in the meta-analysis. The overall pooled risk ratio for Antiplatelet Trialists Collaboration cardiovascular events for celecoxib compared with any non-selective non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs was 0.89 (95% confidence interval: 0.80–1.00). The pooled risk ratio for all-cause mortality for celecoxib compared with non-selective non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs was 0.81 (95% confidence interval: 0.66–0.98). The cardiovascular mortality rate of celecoxib was lower than non-selective non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (risk ratio: 0.75, 95% confidence interval: 0.57–0.99). There was no significant difference between celecoxib and non-selective non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs or placebo in the risk of other cardiovascular events.

Conclusion
Celecoxib is relatively safe in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients, independent of dose or duration. But it remains uncertain whether this would remain the same in patients treated with aspirin and patients with established cardiovascular diseases.
Caracterização clínica e epidemiológica de pacientes internados em um Centro de Referência em Assistência a Queimados no sul do Brasil
Authors: Araújo Gabriela de Moraes Soares , Romeu Pamella Cristina Folador , Lima Simone Heckler de , Primo Fabian Teixeira , Primo Luciene Smiths , Rodrigues Jamile Lima , Yurgel Virginia Campello , Dora Cristiana Lima 
Published: December 2021

Queimaduras são lesões traumáticas com perda da proteção da pele, causadas por agentes externos, tornando indivíduos suscetíveis a infecções, que podem progredir para sepse e óbito. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar o perfil clínico e epidemiológico de pacientes com queimaduras internados em um Centro de Referência no sul do Brasil. Este é um estudo transversal retrospectivo e de natureza quantitativa com dados coletados do sistema do Centro de Referência em Assistência a Queimados da Associação de Caridade Santa Casa do Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, entre janeiro de 2016 e dezembro de 2017. A amostra foi composta por 225 pacientes, sendo a maioria adulta (52,7%), seguida de crianças (30,5%), em maior parte do sexo masculino (64,4%) e procedentes da cidade de Rio Grande (46,5%). A residência foi o local de ocorrência mais frequente (74,1%). O agente causal mais comum foi de procedência térmica (85,3%), sendo 41,3% dos casos por escaldamento. Observou-se 74,7% dos pacientes com superfície corporal queimada média de 12,3%. As lesões de 2º grau ocorreram em 79,6% dos pacientes. O tratamento tópico mais utilizado foi o composto sulfadiazina de prata (92,8%). Realizou-se desbridamento em 93,3% dos pacientes e enxertia em 5,8%. Complicações secundárias foram registradas em 22,2% dos casos. O tempo médio de internação foi de 14 dias, variando entre 1 e 97, e o principal desfecho foi alta hospitalar (98,7%). Os dados apontam para urgente adoção de medidas de controle e prevenção, especialmente no ambiente doméstico.
Comportamento dos poluentes do ar durante e após lockdown em uma cidade de médio porte
Authors: Tavella Ronan Adler , Salimene Lucas  da Silva , Ulguim Sabrina Morales , Gabriel Romulo Reginato , Da Silva Júnior Flavio Manoel Rodrigues 
Published: December 2021

A Pandemia da COVID-19 é, sem dúvida, o maior problema de saúde pública do século, até o momento. Entre as ações sancionadas pelos governos para conter a propagação do vírus estão as medidas de bloqueio e confinamento, conhecidas como lockdown. Vários locais do mundo mostraram melhoria da qualidade do ar decorrente da redução da mobilidade urbana durante os períodos de confinamento. No entanto, os resultados no Brasil ainda foram escassos. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o comportamento dos poluentes do ar em um lockdown de curta duração (64 horas) no município de Pelotas, RS. As concentrações de O3, CO, PM2,5 NO2 e SO2 foram medidas durante e após (até 35h) o lockdown por meio de dados de satélite e foram comparadas a média dos sete dias anteriores. Com exceção do NO2, todos os poluentes foram reduzidos durante o período do lockdown e os níveis mantidos mesmo após 30 horas do fim do bloqueio. A redução dos níveis de ozônio durante o lockdown é bastante questionada, em nível mundial, e parece estar relacionada a cidades menos populosas e com baixas concentrações de NO2. O estudo mostrou que um curto período de confinamento é suficiente para reduzir os níveis de poluentes no ar.
Development and Validation of Web-Based Tool to Predict Lamina Propria Fibrosis in Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Authors: Hiremath Girish , Sun Lili , Correa Hernan , Acra Sari , Collins Margaret H. , Bonis Peter , Arva Nicoleta C. , Capocelli Kelley E. , Falk Gary W. , King Eileen , Gonsalves Nirmala , Gupta Sandeep K. , Hirano Ikuo , Mukkada Vincent A. , Martin Lisa J. , Putnam Philip E. , Spergel Jonathan M. , Wechsler Joshua B. , Yang Guang-Yu , Aceves Seema S. , Furuta Glenn T. , Rothenberg Marc. E. , Koyama Tatsuki , Dellon Evan S. 
Published: December 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Approximately half of esophageal biopsies from patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) contain inadequate lamina propria, making it impossible to determine the lamina propria fibrosis (LPF). This study aimed to develop and validate a web-based tool to predict LPF in esophageal biopsies with inadequate lamina propria.

METHODS:
Prospectively collected demographic and clinical data and scores for 7 relevant EoE histology scoring system epithelial features from patients with EoE participating in the Consortium of Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Disease Researchers observational study were used to build the models. Using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method, variables strongly associated with LPF were identified. Logistic regression was used to develop models to predict grade and stage of LPF. The grade model was validated using an independent data set.

RESULTS:
Of 284 patients in the discovery data set, median age (quartiles) was 16 (8–31) years, 68.7% were male patients, and 93.4% were White. Age of the patient, basal zone hyperplasia, dyskeratotic epithelial cells, and surface epithelial alteration were associated with presence of LPF. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the grade model was 0.84 (95% confidence interval: 0.80–0.89) and for stage model was 0.79 (95% confidence interval: 0.74–0.84). Our grade model had 82% accuracy in predicting the presence of LPF in an external validation data set.

DISCUSSION:
We developed parsimonious models (grade and stage) to predict presence of LPF in esophageal biopsies with inadequate lamina propria and validated our grade model. Our predictive models can be easily used in the clinical setting to include LPF in clinical decisions and determine its effect on treatment outcomes.
Meningitis y septicemia por Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Taborda R. P. , Mendosa M. A. , Ramos C. , Manias V. , Lorenz R. , Cristobal S. , Macagno D. , Nardin M. E. 
Published: December 2021

Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) es una bacteria gram positiva considerada oportunista. Afecta particularmente a embarazadas, neonatos, ancianos e inmunocomprometidos y puede ocasionar un amplio espectro de manifestaciones clínicas que van desde un síndrome febril a una enfermedad invasiva grave que incluye bacteriemias, sepsis, meningitis y meningoencefalitis. Se presenta el caso de un paciente adulto masculino con antecedentes de hipertensión, psoriasis, cirrosis y diabetes tipo II insulinodependiente, que ingresó a terapia intensiva del Hospital J. M. Cullen con cuadro febril, astenia, excitación psicomotriz y desorientación temporo espacial asociada a rigidez de nuca. Se tomaron muestras de sangre, orina y LCR para cultivo, y se le indicó tratamiento empírico con ceftriaxona y vancomicina. En la coloración de Gram del LCR y de las muestras de hemocultivo se observó la presencia de bacilos positivos. En los cultivos se desarrollaron colonias pequeñas y grisáceas que se identificaron mediante método automatizado Phoenix 100 (BD) y pruebas fenotípicas convencionales como Lmq. Frente a este resultado se rotó la medicación a ampicilina y gentamicina. El paciente evolucionó favorablemente y una vez finalizado el tratamiento fue dado de alta sin secuelas. Se destaca la importancia de realizar una anamnesis exhaustiva y sospechar bacterias poco frecuentes como Listeria monocytogenes, que pueden originar fallas de tratamiento con la terapia empírica inicial.
Perbandingan Teknik Penyimpanan Menggunakan Medium Yang Berbeda Terhadap Viabilitas Kapang Colletotrichum capsici dan Prycularia oryzae
Authors: Rasyidah R , Fariani Rini 
Published: December 2021

Laboratory of Microbiology which is part of Basic Laboratory System in Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Lambung Mangkurat have commonly used as a place of various activities both science academic practice and research. This laboratory also provides analysis for samples and production. Microbial culture plays important rule in practical science of microorganism. Thus, continuous culture and preservation are highly required. Preservation and re-culture of microbes in the laboratory recently using short-term preservation and periodic re-culture to a new medium, so it is necessary to conduct research on microbial preservation, especially molds with certain preservation techniques using different media. Colletotrichum capsici and Prycularia oryzae isolates were used in this study. The two molds were stored using different mediums: tapioca, 50% PDB + glycerol, and 50% PDB + liquid paraffin with a preservation period up to 1-3 months. The preserved mold was then cultured onto PDA medium to see its viability. The results of preservation of Colletotrichum capsici for 1-3 months using 3 different types of medium showed that 50% of liquid PDB-paraffin medium had the best viability compared to tapioca medium and 50% PDB-glycerol. Prycularia oryzae preserved for 1-3 months using tapioca medium, 50% PDB-glycerol, and 50% liquid PDB-paraffin cannot grow back.
Cannabis sativa L. chemical compositions as potential plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase-thymidinesynthase enzyme inhibitors: An in silico study for drug development
Authors: Quan Pham Minh , Huong Le Thi Thuy , Toan Tran Quoc , Hung Nguyen Phi , Nam Pham Hai , Kiet Ngo Tuan , Ha Nguyen Xuan , Le Dang Thi Thanh , An Ton Nu Thuy , Show Pau Loke , Thi Hai Ha Pham 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study contributes to anti-malarial research effort by conducting in silico assessment of 125 compounds originated from Cannabis sativa L. against plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase-thymidinesynthase (pfDHFR-TS) enzyme for potential inhibition activity. Drug-like and pharmacokinetic criteria were used to assess the drug-like properties of the studied compounds. AutoDock4.2.6 and AutoDock Vina software were used to calculate the possible binding pose of the studied compounds to pfDHFR-TS enzyme. The docking procedure was validated using two known inhibitors cycloguanil and WR99210. 65 out of 125 compounds violated no more than 2 of Lipinski’s rule of five and were sorted out as favorable for drug development. Amongst these 65 compounds, pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity evaluation identified 60 compounds that meet the criteria of drug-like properties and were subjected to further docking studies. Docking outcomes identified 10 compounds including compounds 4, 9, 19, 22, 23, 25, 30, 42, 43, and 59 as potential candidates for inhibiting the function of pfDHFR-TS at the active site through hydrogen bonds with Ile14, Asp54, and Ile 164 residues. Compound 9 is considered as the top “hit” with docking energy far more exceeding those of the standard compounds. High correlation coefficient between the docking energy of AutoDock4.2.6 and AutoDock Vina was recorded with the value of R
2 = 0.74.
Evaluating efficacy of different UV-stabilizers/absorbers in reducing UV-degradation of lignin
Authors: Nikafshar Saeid , Nejad Mojgan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Susceptibility of wood to UV degradation decreases the service life of wood products outdoors. Organic UV absorbers (UVAs) and hindered amine light stabilizers (HALSs), as well as inorganic UVAs, are added to coatings to improve the UV stability of coated-wood products. Although about 85% of UV radiation is absorbed by lignin in the wood, it is unclear which UV stabilizers can minimize lignin degradation. In this study, the photodegradation of softwood organosolv lignin was monitored over 35 days of UV exposure. Changes in lignin properties were assessed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P NMR). It was found that the aromatic rings of lignin underwent significant degradation, resulting in increased glass transition temperature and molecular weight of lignin. Subsequently, 18 different additives were mixed with lignin and exposed to UV irradiation. The analysis of samples before and after UV exposure with FTIR revealed that inorganic UVAs (cerium oxide and zinc oxide) and a mixture of organic UVAs and HALSs (T-479/T-292, T-5248, and T-5333) were the most effective additives in reducing lignin degradation. This study can help coating scientists to formulate more durable transparent exterior wood coatings.
Perspectives on Public History in Colombia
Authors: Pérez Benavides Amada Carolina , Vargas Álvarez Sebastián 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This article discusses the main characteristics of public history in Colombia, taking into account the challenges of the current political context. From a Latin American perspective of public practices of history, characterized by collaborative research and dialogue between diverse disciplines and knowledge, we analyze some of the experiences developed in Colombia in recent decades. We particularly study the ways in which public history has fostered an open discussion around the armed conflict, the recent peace process, and the social mobilizations of the last years.
Oscillation of nonlinear third-order differential equations with several sublinear neutral terms
Authors: El-Sheikh Mohamed M. A. , Sallam Ragaa , Salem Shaimaa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A class of third order differential equations with several sublinear neutral terms of the type

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is considered. Some oscillation criteria are presented to improve and complement those in the literature. Two examples are established to illustrate the main results.
New fixed point theorems for countably condensing maps with an application to functional integral inclusions
Authors: Amara Khaled Ben , Jeribi Aref , Kaddachi Najib 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper presents new fixed point theorems for 2 × 2 block operator matrix with countably condensing or countably 𝓓-set-contraction multi-valued inputs. Our theory will then be used to establish some new existence theorems for coupled system of functional differential inclusions in general Banach spaces under weak topology. Our results generalize, improve and complement a number of earlier works.
Soliton structures in optical fiber communications with Kundu–Mukherjee–Naskar model
Authors: Al-Ghafri Khalil Salim 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the present work, we investigate soliton structures in optical fiber communications. The medium is described by the Kundu–Mukherjee–Naskar model. With the aid of the ansatz approach, the exact solutions are constructed. Consequently, distinct wave structures including W-shaped, bright and dark solitons are derived. These new soliton solutions are retrieved under certain parametric conditions. Besides, it is found that the bright soliton has two different types in a particular limit. Optical solitons are displayed graphically to shed light on their behaviors.