bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding global mental health: a conceptual review
Authors: Rajabzadeh Vian , Burn Erin , Sajun Sana Z. , Suzuki Mimi , Bird Victoria Jane , Priebe Stefan 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundMental health disorders are viewed as a global concern requiring globally led approaches to address them. Since the publication of the 2007Lancetseries on global mental health (GMH), the term has become widespread. Over the last two decades, GMH has become increasingly affiliated with policy reform, academic courses, funding bodies and research. However, it is not always obvious how those working in the field of GMH are using the term, resulting in a lack of clarity. Therefore, work is needed to synthesise the current understanding(s) of GMH to help characterise its meaning.AimTo synthesise the literature and identify the different ways GMH is understood.MethodA conceptual review, using a systematic search and a content analysis, was conducted to develop a conceptual framework of the different conceptual understandings of GMH.ResultsWe developed a conceptual framework of four understandings of GMH. These understandings of GMH are as follows: an area of research generating findings to establish a GMH evidence-base; implementation of research into practice; improving the mental health environment; learning from and supporting low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs).ConclusionOur review proposes a simple framework, clarifying the key characteristics of the GMH landscape. The findings highlight the diversity of usage of the term in the literature, as well as present the wide scope that comprises the field of GMH. Referring to this framework may help those engaged with GMH to be more specific with which aspect of the field they are concerned with.
Pre-existing effector T-cell levels and augmented myeloid cell composition denote response to CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib and pembrolizumab in hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Egelston Colt , Guo Weihua , Yost Susan , Lee Jin Sun , Rose David , Avalos Christian , Ye Jian , Frankel Paul , Schmolze Daniel , Waisman James , Lee Peter , Yuan Yuan 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundSingle-agent pembrolizumab treatment of hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) has demonstrated modest clinical responses. Little is known about potential biomarkers or mechanisms of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with HR+ MBC. The present study presents novel immune correlates of clinical responses to combined treatment with CDK4/6i and ICI.MethodsA combined analysis of two independent phase I clinical trials treating patients with HR+ MBC was performed. Patients treated with the combination of the CDK4/6i palbociclib+the ICI pembrolizumab+the aromatase inhibitor (AI) letrozole (palbo+pembro+AI) were compared with patients treated with pembrolizumab+AI (pembro+AI). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected at pretreatment, 3 weeks (cycle 2 day 1) and 9 weeks (cycle 4 day 1) were characterized by high-parameter flow cytometry to assess baseline immune subset composition and longitudinal changes in response to therapy.ResultsIn the peripheral blood, higher pretreatment frequencies of effector memory CD45RA+CD8+T cells and effector memory CD4+T cells were observed in responders to palbo+pembro+AI. In contrast, this was not observed in pembro+AI-treated patients. We further characterized T-cell subsets of effector-like killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily G member 1 (KLRG1+) ICOS+CD4+T cells and KLRG1+CD45RA+CD8+T cells as baseline biomarkers of response. In comparison, pretreatment levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte, tumor mutation burden, tumor programmed death-ligand 1 expression, and overall immune composition did not associate with clinical responses. Over the course of treatment, significant shifts in myeloid cell composition and phenotype were observed in palbo+pembro+AI-treated patients, but not in those treated with pembro+AI. We identified increased fractions of type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s) within circulating dendritic cells and decreased classical monocytes (cMO) within circulating monocytes only in patients treated with palbociclib. We also demonstrated that in palbociclib-treated patients, cDC1 and cMO displayed increased CD83 and human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype (HLA-DR) expression, respectively, suggesting increased maturation and antigen presentation capacity.ConclusionsPre-existing circulating effector CD8+and CD4+T cells and dynamic modulation of circulating myeloid cell composition denote response to combined pembrolizumab and palbociclib therapy for patients with HR+ MBC.Trial registration numberNCT02778685and NCI02648477.
Onyx injection by direct puncture for presurgical embolization of a C2 hypervascular metastasis from a thyroid cancer
Authors: Clarençon Frédéric , Moreau Pierre-Emmanuel , Cortese Jonathan , Eloy Gauthier , Deschamps Frédéric , Shotar Eimad , Premat Kevin , Cormier Evelyne , Bonaccorsi Raphaël 
Published: March 2021

Surgery for spinal hypervascular lesions, such as hemangioma or metastases from thyroid or renal cancer, may be challenging because of the risk of massive blood loss.1 To overcome this limitation, presurgical embolization has gained acceptance to reduce this risk.2 However, some configurations, such as the origin of a radiculomedullary artery close to the vessels feeding the lesion or when the lesion is supplied by vessels feeding an eloquent territory, may limit the possibility of presurgical embolization, especially with microparticles.3 Direct percutaneous puncture of the spinal lesion and subsequent embolization with liquid embolic agent may be a valuable option in such challenging cases.4We present a case of presurgical embolization of a C2 metastasis from a thyroid cancer using Onyx-18 injected by direct puncture (video 1). In this technical video, we stress the technical aspects of the direct puncture technique and the safety rules to avoid neurological complications.Video 1
Local anesthesia as a distinct comparator versus conscious sedation and general anesthesia in endovascular stroke treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Butt Waleed , Dhillon Permesh Singh , Podlasek Anna , Malik Luqman , Nair Sujit , Hewson David , England Timothy J , Lenthall Robert , McConachie Norman 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundThe optimal anesthetic modality for endovascular treatment (EVT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is undetermined. Comparisons of general anesthesia (GA) with composite non-GA cohorts of conscious sedation (CS) and local anesthesia (LA) without sedation have provided conflicting results. There has been emerging interest in assessing whether LA alone may be associated with improved outcomes. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate clinical and procedural outcomes comparing LA with CS and GA.MethodsWe reviewed the literature for studies reporting outcome variables in LA versus CS and LA versus GA comparisons. The primary outcome was 90 day good functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of ≤2). Secondary outcomes included mortality, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, excellent functional outcome (mRS score ≤1), successful reperfusion (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (TICI) >2b), procedural time metrics, and procedural complications. Random effects meta-analysis was performed on unadjusted and adjusted data.ResultsEight non-randomized studies of 7797 patients (2797 LA, 2218 CS, and 2782 GA) were identified. In the LA versus GA comparison, no statistically significant differences were found in unadjusted analyses for 90 day good functional outcome or mortality (OR=1.22, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.76, p=0.3 and OR=0.83, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.07, p=0.15, respectively) or in the LA versus CS comparison (OR=1.14, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.71, p=0.53 and OR=0.88, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.24, p=0.47, respectively). There was a tendency towards achieving excellent functional outcome (mRS ≤1) in the LA group versus the GA group (OR=1.44, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.08, p=0.05, I2=70%). Analysis of adjusted data demonstrated a tendency towards higher odds of death at 90 days in the GA versus the LA group (OR=1.24, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.54, p=0.05, I2=0%).ConclusionLA without sedation was not significantly superior to CS or GA in improving outcomes when performing EVT for AIS. However, the quality of the included studies impaired interpretation, and inclusion of an LA arm in future well designed multicenter, randomized controlled trials is warranted.
Quasi-free scattering in inverse kinematics as a tool to unveil the structure of nuclei
Authors: Panin V. , Aumann T. , Bertulani C. A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractQuasi-free scattering of electrons and protons has been extensively utilized in the past to study the single-particle structure of nuclei, clustering in light nuclei, and short-range correlated nucleon–nucleon pairs in nuclei. Recently, this approach has been applied in inverse kinematics using hydrogen targets. The characteristic features of this reaction and the experimental challenges and advantages of inverse-kinematics experiments are summarized. The applicability to radioactive beams opens a large research potential to study a variety of properties of neutron-to-proton asymmetric nuclei. Applications of quasi-free scattering in inverse kinematics and its potential are reviewed based on recent and ongoing research programs at different accelerator facilities worldwide.
Integrability and cosmological solutions in Einstein-æther-Weyl theory
Authors: Paliathanasis Andronikos , Leon Genly 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWe consider a Lorentz violating scalar field cosmological model given by the modified Einstein-æther theory defined in Weyl integrable geometry. The existence of exact and analytic solutions is investigated for the case of a spatially flat Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker background space. We show that the theory admits cosmological solutions of special interests. In addition, we prove that the cosmological field equations admit the Lewis invariant as a second conservation law, which indicates the integrability of the field equations.
The Revelation Principle for Mechanism Design with Signaling Costs
Authors: Kephart Andrew , Conitzer Vincent 
Published: March 2021

The
revelation principle
is a key tool in mechanism design. It allows the designer to restrict attention to truthful mechanisms, greatly facilitating analysis. This is also borne out algorithmically, allowing certain computational problems in mechanism design to be solved in polynomial time. Unfortunately, when not every type can misreport every other type (the
partial verification
model) or—more generally—misreporting can be costly, the revelation principle can fail to hold. This also leads to NP-hardness results. The primary contribution of this article consists of characterizations of conditions under which the revelation principle still holds when reporting can be costly. (These are generalizations of conditions given earlier for the partial verification case [11, 21].) Furthermore, our results extend to cases where, instead of reporting types directly, agents send signals that do not directly correspond to types. In this case, we obtain conditions for when the mechanism designer can restrict attention to a given (but arbitrary) mapping from types to signals without loss of generality.
MPEG column: 125th MPEG meeting in Marrakesh, Morocco
Authors: Timmerer Christian 
Published: March 2021

The original blog post can be found at the Bitmovin Techblog and has been modified/updated here to focus on and highlight research aspects.
The 125th MPEG meeting concluded on January 18, 2019 in Marrakesh, Morocco with the following topics:
Network-Based Media Processing (NBMP) - MPEG promotes NBMP to Committee Draft stage
3DoF+ Visual - MPEG issues Call for Proposals on Immersive 3DoF+ Video Coding Technology
MPEG-5 Essential Video Coding (EVC) - MPEG starts work on MPEG-5 Essential Video Coding
ISOBMFF - MPEG issues Final Draft International Standard of Conformance and Reference software for formats based on the ISO Base Media File Format (ISOBMFF)
MPEG-21 User Description - MPEG finalizes 2nd edition of the MPEG-21 User Description
The corresponding press release of the 125th MPEG meeting can be found here. In this blog post I'd like to focus on those topics potentially relevant for over-the-top (OTT), namely NBMP, EVC, and ISOBMFF.
The Racialization of “Illegality”
Authors: Menjívar Cecilia 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This essay examines the intertwined nature of seemingly neutral immigration laws that illegalize certain immigrant groups and the socially constructed attitudes and stereotypes that associate the same legally targeted groups with “illegality,” to produce the racialization of illegality. These complementary factors are further sustained by other social forces, including media discourses that reify those associations. The racialization of illegality is a fundamentally situational, relational, dynamic, and historically and context-specific process. Today, Latino groups are the preeminent target group of both the social and the legal production of illegality. Thus, this essay examines Latinos' racialized illegality across geographical contexts, within their group, and in relation to other contemporary immigrants. Although expressions of racialized illegality and specific targeted groups will vary across time and space, the contours of the phenomenon will be present across contexts and times (and produce specific outcomes) because they are shaped by existing racial hierarchies.
“Trauma Makes You Grow Up Quicker”: The Financial & Emotional Burdens of
Deportation & Incarceration
Authors: Ceciliano-Navarro Yajaira , Golash-Boza Tanya Maria 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Research on the impacts of incarceration and deportation describes the negative consequences for children and young people. But how these events impact adults and members of extended families has not been broadly considered. And no study has directly compared incarceration with deportation. The study described in this essay, based on interviews with 111 adult individuals with a family member deported (57) or incarcerated (54), reveals how these experiences have long-lasting emotional and financial impacts and considers the similarities and differences between incarceration and deportation. The deportation or incarceration of parents is devastating; yet the absence of other relatives such as sons, sisters, brothers, aunts, cousins, grandchildren, and other household members also translates into severe sentimental and economic hardships not only for the immediate but also for the extended family.
“Food (Not) from a Truck”
Authors: Zeller Benjamin E. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This article charts the major concepts, theoretical and methodological models, and approaches used by teachers and scholars of religion and food, with a focus on how such concepts may be embedded within courses on religion and nature. The article first introduces central topics such as foodways, the food cycle, and some key concepts within the cultural study of religion, nature, and food. Second, it notes how the study of religion, nature, and food requires drawing from the tools of food studies, religious studies, diet/nutritional studies, and cultural studies, among others. Finally, the article offers some best practices in terms of how to teach the topic, focusing on active learning strategies. The article proposes that because everyone eats, the topic of religion, nature, and food is a unique way to engage students, helping them think critically about an otherwise unexamined but pervasive aspect of life.
In Search of the City of the Apostles
Authors: Aviam Mordechai , Notley R. Steven 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The authors present the results of four years of investigation (2016–2019) in their search for Bethsaida-Julias. They bring historical, geographical, and archaeological evidence to argue that Khirbet el-Araj should be considered the leading candidate for the New Testament home of the Apostles. Unlike the remote location of the alternate candidate at et-Tell, their excavations at el-Araj have demonstrated a significant Roman period settlement on the lakeshore of the Sea of Galilee, a much more likely location for a fishing village. In addition, their discovery in 2017 of a Roman bathhouse at el-Araj is characteristic of Herod Philip’s urbanization of the village of Bethsaida, which Josephus reports was transformed from a village into the polis of Julias. After the Roman period, the site was abandoned for two centuries (4th–5th cent. CE), and then resettled with a monastery and Byzantine basilica, reportedly built over the house of Peter and Andrew.
Interaction and Identity in a Cultural Space
Authors: Kang Youngjin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Japanese genkan provides a space where one can take off and put on one’s shoes; yet this practical function is also accompanied by a social/symbolic one. As a transitional area, it embodies the Japanese concept of uchi/soto (inside/outside). In this article, the Japanese genkan was analysed to identify (1) what types of interaction take place in a genkan; and (2) what cultural concepts can be used to identify and classify those types of interaction. The current article suggests that (1) a visitor is identified as either an uchi (inside) or soto (outside) person, and (2) any tension or conflict in this person’s uchi/soto identity grants the visitor an ambiguous status, which unless it is resolved ensures that the interaction between visitor and householder is conducted within a genkan. The paper analyses sixteen possible situations in a genkan and takes examples of each from Shōwa-era films by the Japanese director Yasujirō Ozu.
Cleft Palate in Newborns Diagnosed With Prematurity
Authors: Shehan Jennifer N. , Danis David O’Neil , Bains Ashank , Basa Krystyne , Marston Alexander P. , Levi Jessica R. 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveCleft lip and/or palate (CLP) is the most common major congenital malformation of the head and neck. Although numerous genetic features, syndromes, nutritional deficiencies, and maternal exposures have been implicated in the etiology of CLP, the impact of prematurity on the pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. This study seeks to evaluate the associations between prematurity and the development of CLP in the United States.Study DesignCross‐sectional.SettingAcademic medical center.MethodsThe Kids’ Inpatient Database (2016) was used to identify weighted in‐hospital births with diagnoses of prematurity or CLP. Demographic information was obtained. Odds ratios were used to determine associations between prematurity and CLP.ResultsAmong patients included in our data set, 8.653% (n = 326,147) were preterm; 0.136% (n = 5115) had CLP; and 0.021% (n = 808) were preterm and had CLP. Preterm infants had 1.90 times the odds (95% CI, 1.74‐2.07) of developing CLP when compared with the nonpreterm population. The binary logistic regression model accounting for possible confounding variables produced an odds ratio of 1.83 (95% CI, 1.66‐2.01) for the association between prematurity and CLP.ConclusionInfants who are born preterm are more likely to have CLP than full‐term infants. The current results will allow for improved risk stratification, maternal counseling, and interventions in the case of prematurity.Level of Evidence:4.
Viral Infectivity in Patients Undergoing Tracheotomy With COVID‐19: A Preliminary Study
Authors: George Manish M. , McIntyre Charlotte J. , Zhou Jie , Kugathasan Ruthiran , Amos Dora C. , Dillon Ivan J. , Barclay Wendy S. , Tolley Neil S. 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveTo establish the presence of live virus and its association with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positivity and antibody status in patients with COVID‐19 undergoing tracheotomy.Study DesignProspective observational study.SettingSingle institution across 3 hospital sites during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsPatients who were intubated for respiratory wean tracheotomy underwent SARS‐CoV‐2 PCR nasal, throat, and endotracheal tube swabs at the time of the procedure. These were assessed via quantitative real‐time reverse transcription PCR. The tracheal tissue excised during the tracheotomy was cultured for SARS‐CoV‐2 with Vero E6 and Caco2 cells. Serum was assessed for antibody titers against SARS‐CoV‐2 via neutralization assays.ResultsThirty‐seven patients were included in this study. The mean number of days intubated prior to undergoing surgical tracheotomy was 27.8. At the time of the surgical tracheotomy, PCR swab testing yielded 8 positive results, but none of the 35 individuals who underwent tissue culture were positive for SARS‐CoV‐2. All 18 patients who had serum sampling demonstrated neutralization antibodies, with a minimum titer of 1:80.ConclusionIn our series, irrespective of positive PCR swab, the likelihood of infectivity during tracheotomy remains low given negative tracheal tissue cultures. While our results do not undermine national and international guidance on tracheotomy after day 10 of intubation, given the length of time to procedure in our data, infectivity at 10 days cannot be excluded. We do however suggest that a preoperative negative PCR swab not be a prerequisite and that antibody titer levels may serve as a useful adjunct for assessment of infectivity.
Diagnostic value of phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 4 levels in patients receiving nursing interventions for advanced chronic kidney disease
Authors: He Peipei , Zhou Congli , Shen Huajuan 
Published: March 2021

Objective To explore the diagnostic role of phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 4 (PEBP4) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) receiving nursing interventions. Methods ELISA was used to evaluate serum PEBP4 levels. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was used to assess diagnostic accuracy. Spearman correlation analysis was used to assess the relationships between PEBP4 levels and biochemical indexes. Results Serum PEBP4 was high in CKD patients compared with healthy individuals. PEBP4 levels were positively correlated with pathological stage in CKD patients. PEBP4 had higher sensitivity for diagnosis of CKD than common indexes including blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and C-reactive protein. Among CKD patients treated with calcium channel blockers, serum PEBP4 levels declined notably and were associated with concentrations of K+, Na+, Cl− and Ca2+. Nursing interventions significantly decreased serum PEBP4 levels. A significant association between serum PEBP4 level and ionic concentration was observed in CKD patients receiving nursing interventions. Conclusions This prospective study demonstrated that PEBP4 level might represent an effective diagnostic biomarker in CKD patients. PEBP4 also acted as a valuable care compliance factor for determining the necessity for nursing interventions. Nursing interventions restored ion channel function and subsequently resulted in decreased PEBP4 levels and proteinuria.