bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the influence of intellectual capital and bank risk on the performance of maqashid sharia based Islamic banking in Indonesia
Authors: Septiani Dea Feby , Yahya Imam , Hartono Setyo Budi , Ningsih Tri Widyastuti , Maula Fiina Ishmatul 
Published: December 2021

Purpose - This study aims to determine the effect of intellectual capital and bank risk on the performance of maqashid sharia based Islamic banking in Indonesia (An empirical study on Islamic Commercial Banks registered in Financial Services Authority (OJK) in 2017-2019).Method - This study used secondary data and used the multiple linear regression analysis method. The sample used was the purposive sampling method with the results of 12 Islamic Commercial Bank (BUS) as a sample of 14 BUS populations.Result - The results of this study stated that iB-VACA had a significant adverse effect on MSI variable; iB-VAHU had a positive but not significant effect on MSI variable; iB-STVA had an insignificant negative effect on MSI variable; CAR had an insignificant negative effect on MSI variable, and FDR had a positive but not significant effect on MSI variable.Implication - Islamic banking is advised to optimize its intangible assets and estimate the risks that will occur, as well as to pay attention to its sharia objectives to increase company value and performance.Originality - The secondary data source of this research is obtained from the official website of OJK, and financial report data is obtained from the website of each BUS.
Design and assessment of water source alternatives for Mariout 2 water treatment plant extension
Authors: Aly Samia A. , Elbanouby Moamen , Eladwe Sadek M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Factors such as population increase and industrialization, coupled with the establishment of touristic villages, have necessitated an upgradation of water treatment plants (WTPs) in Egypt. In this study, three different water source alternatives were designed and compared with a simple decision matrix to select the most appropriate one for upgrading and extending the Mariout 2 WTP. The first two alternatives are located on the k-40 Alex-Cairo desert road and k-77 EL Nasr canal, respectively, where the water source is obtained from the Nile River. The third alternative is located at the k-51 Alex-Matrouh coastal road and a non-conventional seawater source is used. The design results showed that the required energy power of the first, second, and third alternatives were 0.31, 0.066, and 0.72 kw/purified m3, respectively. The operational costs of the first, second, and third alternatives were 0.665, 0.426, and 6.621 EGP/m3, respectively. The cost of the intake pipes was found to be the lowest for the third alternative, whereas it was found to be the highest for the first one. Based on the results obtained from the decision matrix, the third alternative was found to be the most appropriate alternative followed by the second one. This study may assist in making decisions regarding the water source selection and treatment methods for the extension of the fourth stage of the Mariout 2 WTP.
A review on future wastewater treatment technologies: micro-nanobubbles, hybrid electro-Fenton processes, photocatalytic fuel cells, and microbial fuel cells
Authors: Selihin Nurhafizah Mohd , Tay Meng Guan 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The future prospect in wastewater treatment technologies mostly emphasizes processing efficiency and the economic benefits. Undeniably, the use of advanced oxidation processes in physical and chemical treatments has played a vital role in helping the technologies to remove the organic pollutants efficiently and reduce the energy consumption or even harvesting the electrons movements in the oxidation process to produce electrical energy. In the present paper, we review several types of wastewater treatment technologies, namely micro-nanobubbles, hybrid electro-Fenton processes, photocatalytic fuel cells, and microbial fuel cells. The aims are to explore the interaction of hydroxyl radicals with pollutants using these wastewater technologies, including their removal efficiencies, optimal conditions, reactor setup, and energy generation. Despite these technologies recording high removal efficiency of organic pollutants, the selection of the technologies is dependent on the characteristics of the wastewater and the daily production volume. Hence the review paper also provides comparisons between technologies as the guidance in technology selection.
A Universidade Federal do Pará em tempos de ditadura
Authors: Nascimento Reis Renan 
Published: December 2021

A temática apresentada neste artigo diz respeito às experiências vivenciadas nos primeiros dezesseis anos de funcionamento da Universidade Federal do Pará. Esse recorte temporal abrange desde a criação da UFPA até o final do mandato do reitor Aloysio Chaves, quando se consolida a Reforma Universitária. Foi a temporalidade que melhor se adequou ao objetivo desse artigo: discutir, através de fontes orais, como a comunidade acadêmica vivenciou esse momento de modernização e transformações, após o golpe civil-militar de 1964. Utilizaremos a metodologia da História Oral, considerando os depoimentos como nosso principal material de análise. Um dos principais resultados alcançados foi a compreensão de que o período é visto de maneiras diferentes, considerando a posição de cada ator envolvido, construindo-se memórias conflitantes sobre o mesmo contexto histórico.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Memória. Ditadura civil-militar. Educação.
Twórczość Marcina Rząsy. Przyczynek do monografii
Authors: Burnat Blanka 
Published: December 2021

Abstrakt:
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie sylwetki zakopiańskiego rzeźbiarza Marcina Rząsy w oparciu o badania własne autorki. Tekst prezentuje życiorys artystyczny twórcy, począwszy od czasu studiów w warszawskiej Akademii Sztuk Pięknych. Następnie Autorka nakreśla zasadnicze motywy w twórczości Marcina Rząsy i stara się zinterpretować styl i wyraz jego figuralnych przedstawień. Podkreśla też znaczenie drewna jako wykorzystywanego przez Rząsę materiału rzeźbiarskiego.
Summary:
The article aims to bring the profile and the work of the sculptor Marcin Rząsa from Zakopane. It consists of sculptor’s artistic biography from his childhood to the end of the education at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw. In the second part the author outlines the main interest of Marcin Rząsa figurative art and tries to analyze and interpret the artist’s expression. Further the article brings out the importance of wood as a material used in Rząsa’s carving process.
АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ЛІКУВАННЯ ІНСУЛІНОРЕЗИСТЕНТНОСТІ
Authors: Тихонова Тетяна , Бобкова Маргарита 
Published: December 2021

Відповідно до сучасних уявлень, інсулінорезистентність (ІР) визначається як порушення біологічної відповіді на інсулінову стимуляцію тканин-мішеней. Незважаючи на можливе виникнення ІР як фізіологічної реакції, найчастіше ІР асоціюється з метаболічними зсувами та патологічними розладами, зокрема гіпотиреозом, хворобою / синдромом Кушинга, синдромом полікістозних яєчників, акромегалією, неалкогольною жировою хворобою печінки, хронічною хворобою нирок, деменцією а також із злоякісними новоутвореннями молочної залози, легень, простати та товстої кишки. З огляду на реалії сьогоднішнього дня, отримані переконливі докази несприятливого впливу зниженої чутливості до інсуліну на перебіг COVID-19. Водночас, серед широкого спектру патологічних станів, що поєднані з ІР, зниження чутливості до інсуліну асоціюється насамперед з метаболічним синдромом, серцево-судинними захворюваннями та цукровим діабетом 2 типу. Приймаючи до уваги багатофакторність ефектів ІР та її роль у розвитку та прогресуванні низки захворювань, на теперішній час обґрунтовується необхідність застосування активних профілактичних заходів і призначення цілеспрямованого лікування хворим з наявністю маркерів ІР. Насамперед, в якості лікувально-профілактичного заходів визначається нормалізація маси тіла хворого, оскільки ІР зазвичай поєднується з вісцеральним типом ожиріння. В якості немедикаментозних методів нормалізації маси тіла в сучасних рекомендаціях вказуються два основних підходи: дієтичний режим та адекватні стану здоров'я пацієнта дозовані фізичні навантаження. При поєднанні ІР і цукрового діабету призначаються цукрознижувальні препарати, що підвищують чутливість периферичних тканин до інсуліну, або, так звані сенсітайзери. В останні часи розглядається можливість використання дієтичних добавок в профілактиці та лікуванні багатьох захворювань, у тому числі ІР як при ізольованому її розвитку, так і в структурі коморбідної патології. В цьому плані слід звернути увагу на продукт компанії ЕКСПЕРТ ФАРМА – GlucoCare™. Зазначений засіб містить унікальну комбінацію діючих речовин, що визначає багатогранність її ефектів, зокрема у лікуванні хворих з наявністю ІР.
PRELIMINARY STUDY OF INSULIN DRY POWDER FORMULATION: CRITICAL PROCESS PARAMETERS ON SPRAY-FREEZE-DRYING AND CRITICAL MATERIAL ATTRIBUTE OF TREHALOSE AND INULIN AS STABILIZER
Authors: MUNTU CYNTHIA MARISCA , SURINI SILVIA , AVANTI CHRISTINA , HAYUN  , HINRICHS WOUTER 
Published: December 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to obtain recommendations about critical process parameters (CPP) and optimal ratio of trehalose and inulin as critical material attribute (CMA) on insulin dry powder formulation with spray-freeze-drying (SFD) method.
Methods: Inulin dry powder was formulated with the SFD method, which consisted of an atomization process and freeze-drying (FD). SFD processes were optimized in order to obtain dry powder and CPP was analyzed. All seven variations of formulas proceeded with physicochemical characterization to obtain the optimal formula.
Results: In the early optimization, there was a slight time lag between the atomization process and FD; as a result, some of the powder coagulated and crystallized. Another critical parameter was that the FD process should not be interrupted for at least 50 h of FD. Dry powder proceeded with physicochemical characterization, a formula without inulin showed semicrystalline properties, while six formulas had amorphous properties due to its combination. All formulas had a spherulite shape and rough surface. Five formulas with the combination of trehalose and inulin obtained dry powders with a diameter range of 30-43 μm, moisture content below 3.5% and high encapsulation efficiency (EE). Formula with the ratio of 1:1 (F4) showed optimal properties with moisture content and EE of 2.62% and 99.68%, respectively.
Conclusion: This study concluded that there were two critical process parameters in the SFD method. There should be no time lag in SFD process and FD time which should not be interrupted. The optimal ratio for trehalose and inulin was shown by F4 with ratio of 1:1.
POTENTIAL ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITIES OF FRACTIONS FROM PURIFIED EXTRACT OF LAWSONIA INERMIS LEAVES IN ALLOXAN–INDUCED DIABETIC MICE
Authors: IFAYA MUS , MUSFIROH IDA , SAHIDIN  , SUSILAWATI YASMIWAR , WILAR GOFARANA , ABDURRAHMAN SYAWAL 
Published: December 2021

Objective: This research was conducted to determine the potential antidiabetic activity fractions of purified extract Lawsonia inermis leaves in mice (Mus musculus) and identification of the compound.
Methods: The method included maceration, purification using ethanol and distilled water was followed by liquid-liquid extraction using ethyl acetate and magnesium sulfate as drying agents. Furthermore, the extract was analyzed using thin layer chromatography (TLC) for testing the purified extract. Fractionation using vacuum liquid chromatography, antidiabetic activity test of fractions at dose 100 mg/kgBW with alloxan induced and compound identification by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using HPLC connected to a Q-TOF spectrometer equipped with an ESI source, with Phenomenon column C8, and methanol with 0.3% formic acid as solvent.
Results: The results showed that from the purification step of L. inermis leaves by vacuum liquid chromatography method, 7 fractions were obtained, i.e. A-G fractions. While the antidiabetic activity of fractions shown by decreasing blood sugar level in mice on the 15th day were 64, 75, 73, 73, 57, 45 and 67%, respectively. The identified compounds from each fraction were the ester groups namely 12-hydroxy-methyl abietate, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl ester, dehydromorroniaglycone, and (E)-hexadecyl-ferulate; the steroid group namely siraitic acid E; phenylpropanoid groups namely umbelliferone and bletilol C, and the alkaloid groups namely moupinamide and valine.
Conclusion: L. inermis leaves had activity in lowering blood sugar levels. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed the presence of ester groups, steroid groups, phenylpropanoid groups and alkaloid groups. The presence of these compounds mostly contribute to antidiabetic activity.
SYNTHESIS OF ENCAPSULATED CHROMOLAENA ODORATA LEAF EXTRACT IN CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLE BY USING IONIC GELATION METHOD AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
Authors: IDACAHYATI KENI , WULANDARI WINDA TRISNA , INDRA FIRMAN GUSTAMAN AND INDRA 
Published: December 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of Chromolaena odorata.
Methods: Encapsulation of Chromolaena odorata leaf extract by nano chitosan was synthesized by using chitosan and NaTPP as the crosslinking agent. The antioxidant activity was conducted by using the DPPH method.
Results: Nanoparticles of Chromolaena odorata leaf extract has an average diameter of 675±218 nm and+23.4±7.14 mV of zeta potential. The antioxidant activity of its extract was 0.86 ppm, while its nanoparticle has the better antioxidant activity of 0.21 ppm.
Conclusion: Nanoparticles of Chromolaena odorata have very strong antioxidant activity and the potential to be external antioxidants.
COMPARISON OF THREE EXTRACTION METHODS OF ALLOPURINOL IN URIC ACID HERBAL MEDICINE WITH HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY QUANTIFICATION
Authors: PRATIWI RIMADANI , MULYANINGSIH RASPATI D. , SAPTARINI NYI M. 
Published: December 2021

Objective: This study was aimed to understand and determine the effectiveness of allopurinol extraction in herbal medicine from three extraction methods based on parameters of accuracy and precision.
Methods: The study consisted of three methods including dissolving and filtering, liquid-liquid extraction, and solid-phase extraction with mixed-mode cation exchanger (SPE-MCX). The procedures were carried out using NaOH and HCl in dissolving and filtering method; methanol, HCl, and ethyl acetate in liquid-liquid extraction; and NH4OH elution solvent in SPE-MCX.
Results: The results showed that extraction effectiveness based on accuracy level was the dissolving and filtering method>SPE-MCX>liquid-liquid extraction with % recovery+SD of 91.314+2.903%, 87.533+4.950%, and 54.549+3.517%, respectively. The precision level was the dissolution and filtering method>SPE-MCX>liquid-liquid extraction based on % relative standard deviations (RSD) of 3.18%, 5.226%, and 6.446%, respectively.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the allopurinol extraction method with the highest effectiveness based on accuracy and precision parameters in herbal medicine is the dissolving and filtering method.
3D-PHARMACOPHORE MODELLING OF OMEGA-3 DERIVATIVES WITH PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR GAMMA AS AN ANTI-OBESITY AGENT
Authors: MUSFIROH IDA , MEGAWATI GINNA , HERAWATI DEWI MARHENI DIAH , RUSDIN AGUS 
Published: December 2021

Objective: The aim of this work was to study the pharmacophore model of omega-3 derivatives with the PPAR-γ receptor using LigandScout 4.4.3 to investigate the important chemical interactions of complex structure.
Methods: The methods consisted of structure preparation of nine chemical compounds derived from omega-3 fatty acids, database preparation, creating 3D Pharmacophore modelling, validation pharmacophore, and screening test compounds.
Results: The result of the research showed that the omega-3 derivatives docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), when eicosapentaenoic acid (HPA), and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) have the best pharmacophore fit values of 36.59; 36.56; and 36.56, respectively. According to the results of the pharmacophore study, the carbonyl and hydroxyl of the carboxylate functional groups become the active functional groups that exhibit hydrogen bonding interactions. While the alkyl chain (Ethyl and methyl groups) was the portion that can be modified to increase its activity.
Conclusion: Omega-3 derivatives could be used as a lead drug for the powerful PPAR-γ receptor in the prevention and treatment of obesity.
FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SERUM COLLAGEN OF SEA CUCUMBER EXTRACT STICHOPUS HORRENS AS AN ANTIOXIDANT
Authors: STIANI SOFI NURMAY , RUDIANA TARSO , SETIAWAN YUSUB , SETYOWATI ETI , ANSORI SOFIAN 
Published: December 2021

Objective: The study was aimed to extract, formulate and characterize collagen extract of Stichopus horrens into serum preparations and decide antioxidant activity in powders and serum preparations.
Methods: The sea cucumber meat was extracted collagen in three stages, namely the pretreatment stage using 0.3 M NaOH solution 1:10 (w/v) for 48 h, the hydrolysis step in the 0.3 M 1:10 acetic acid solution (w/v) for 48 h, and the extraction stage with distilled water 1: 2 (w/v) for 2 h at 45 °C. The collagen extract was freeze-dried to obtain collagen powder. Collagen powder was characterized by HPLC and its antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH method. Collagen powder formulated with extract variation of 0, 0.5 and 1%. Evaluation of serum included organoleptic, homogeneity, stability of pH and viscosity as well as antioxidant activity.
Results: The results showed that collagen powder had a % yield of 0.24%, which consisted of the amino acids glycine, proline, alanine, and glutamic acid as the dominant amino acids. The % Free radical inhibition of collagen powder at concentration of 5000 ppm was 63.23%. IC50 values were obtained at 4045.37 ppm. The stability test resulted in stable serum preparations without significant changes at 4 °C and 27 °C±2 °C storage temperatures.
Conclusion: The measurement of DPPH Radical reduction activity in the highest serum preparation was 1% extract with a value of 2.4%.
FORMULATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND DETERMINATION OF THE DIFFUSION RATE STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT SERUM CONTAINING ASTAXANTHIN NANOEMULSION
Authors: NURDIANTI LUSI , CLARA RISNA , SUHENDY HENDY , SETIAWAN FAJAR , IDACAHYATI KENI 
Published: December 2021

Objective: Astaxanthin is one of the natural carotenoids with strong antioxidant characteristics which is widely used in skin care. The aim of this study was developed to formulate and characterize the antioxidant serum containing astaxanthin nanoemulsion and the diffusion rate studies using diffusion Franz method.
Methods: Astaxanthin nanoemulsion (As-NE) was prepared by using the self-nanoemulsifying method, followed by incorporation into serum preparation with the using carbomer as a gelling agent. Evaluation of serum As-NE was performed by physical, chemical characterizations and diffusion assay. Stability study was carried out in both accelerated (temperature of 40±2 °C/75±5%RH) and non-accelerated (at ambient temperature) conditions.
Results: These results suggest that antioxidant serum As-NE had good physical and chemical characteristics that are suitable for topical administration.
Conclusion: For the study of diffusion and stability under different storage conditions, it was proven that antioxidant serum As-NE form was packed in a carbomer as a gelling agent that could enhance the stability and diffusion rate of the astaxanthin.
ACTIVITY NANOKIRINYUH (CHROMOLAENA ODORATA) LEAVES EXTRACT IN ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Authors: IDACAHYATI KENI , WULANDARI WINDA TRISNA , GUSTAMAN FIRMAN , NURDIANTI INDRA LUSI 
Published: December 2021

Objective: Diabetes Mellitus is a type of degenerative disease that is increasing every year in countries around the world. Diabetes Mellitus is a major cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, and stroke. Nanokirinyuh leaves have potential as an antidiabetic because they contains chemical compounds that have antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to determine activity of nanokirinyuh leaves as an antidiabetic.
Methods: Wistar rats as many as 24 animals were divided into 6 groups, namely the normal control group, positive control (glibenclamide 0.5 mg/Kg BW), negative control (alloxan 600 mg/BW rat), and nanochitosan kirinyuh leaves at a dose of 225 mg/Kg BW rat, 450 mg/Kg BW rat and 675 mg/Kg BW treatment was carried out for 10 d. Percent decrease of level glucose was evaluated along with histopathological investigation in various experimental groups of rats. Data analysis using the One Way Anova test and continued LSD test.
Results: Level of Glucose at a dose of 675 mg/Kg BW rats showed the highest levels of the negative group and other dose groups. Pancreas histopathology test results showed that the group with a dose of 450 mg/Kg BW of rats had the lowest necrosis rate compared to the negative control group and other dose groups.
Conclusion: Nanokirinyuh leaves can reduce of level plasma glucose and necrosis in a histopathology test.
IN VIVO ANTIDIABETIC SCREENING OF KABAU (ARCHIDENDRON BUBALINUM (JACK) I. C NIELSEN) SEEDS
Authors: RIASARI HESTI , FAUZI NOVI IRWAN , ANGGADIREDJA KUSNANDAR , HARTATI RIKA , SUKRASNO  
Published: December 2021

Objective: Study described the screening potential antidiabetic activity of kabau seed extract and fraction.
Methods: The powdered crude drugs weighing 1349.32 grams were extracted with a solvent with solvents with escalating polarity by using soxhletation. The solvents used were n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and 96% ethanol. Screening activity using three variations on doses on the three extracts using the glucose test tolerance method, then the alloxan induction and high-fat feed induction testing methods using selected doses, decreasing blood glucose levels using the GOD PAP enzyme and decreasing MDA levels and increased levels of the enzyme SOD. Extracts that have potential antidiabetic activity are fractionated using liquid-solid fractionation; then the fraction is screened for antidiabetic activity using the glucose test tolerance method.
Results: Screening for antidiabetic activity on the three extracts using the glucose test tolerance method showed that the ethanol extract at a dose of 250 mg/kg BW. The three extracts were then screened for the next mechanism using the alloxan induction method and high-fat feed induction, the decrease in blood sugar levels by the GOD-PAP method showed a good decrease in the ethanol extract by 202.94±2 mg/dl, the three extracts showed good less significant, in the SOD enzyme method, the ethanol extract gave a good value such as the positive control value. Testing on fraction can decrease in blood sugar; the results showed that the ethanol extract and methanol fraction gave a small AUC 0-150 (32695,3 and 33167,71), where the value was close to the result of the glibenclamide 30238,48.
Conclusion: The antidiabetic activity of the extract showed that the ethanol extract was better with the glucose test tolerance method, with alloxan induction animal models and high-fat feed induction. In the methanol fraction derived from 96% ethanol extract, it provides a good reduction in blood sugar levels in the screening method with a glucose test tolerance