bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Administration of the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment: Impact on Office Routine and Physician-Patient Interaction
Authors: Agel Julie , Obremsky William , Kregor Philip , Keeve Jonathan , Abbott Paul , Buss Daniel , Swiontkowski Marc 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Outcome instrument use is becoming widespread. They must fit smoothly into the office flow and show the physician and patient value. Five practices incorporated the Short Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment (SMFA) into their office. Existing staff scored the SMFA. At the conclusion of the visit, the patient and physician assessed the impact of the SMFA on their interaction. Five hundred ten patients completed the SMFA. Physicians believed the verbal interaction had some effect with their patients 44% of the time. Physicians reported the SMFA had some effect on their management decisions 36% of the time. Physicians reported that the total score was helpful 43% of the time and the category scores were helpful 65% of the time. On completing the SMFA, patients reported no effect on their physician interaction 74% of the time and 88% believed it was worthwhile to complete. This validated musculoskeletal questionnaire adds value to the physician-patient interaction in approximately 30%-40% of encounters.
Innovations in the Management of Hip Fractures
Authors: Teasdall Robert D , Webb Lawrence X 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Hip fractures include fractures of the head, neck, intertrochanteric, and subtrochanteric regions. Head fractures commonly accompany dislocations. Neck fractures and intertrochanteric fractures occur with greatest frequency in elderly patients with a low bone mineral density and are produced by low-energy : mechanisms. Subtrochanteric fractures occur in a pre' dominantly strong cortical osseous region that is exposed to large compressive stresses. Implants used to address these fractures must accommodate significant loads while the fractures consolidate. Complications secondary to hip fractures produce significant morbidity and include infection, nonunion, malunion, decubitus ulcers, fat emboli, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolus, pneumonia, myocardial infarction, stroke, and death.
Improvements in the Prevention of Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism in Hip Fracture Patients
Authors: Eriksson Bengt I 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Hip fracture surgery carries a high risk of venous thromboembolism and, until recently, was poorly investigated. The efficacy and safety of fondaparinux, a new synthetic antithrombotic, were investigated in two large, thromboprophylaxis studies. Results of the Penthifra study, which was a randomized, double-blind phase III trial, showed that 1 week of fondaparinux, compared with enoxaparin, significantly reduced venous thromboembolic events from 19.1% to 8.3% (relative risk reduction: 56.4%; P<.001) without increasing bleeding risk. Penthifra Plus results showed that extending fondaparinux prophylaxis from 1 to 4 weeks was well tolerated and, compared to placebo, significantly reduced delayed venous thromboembolism events from 35% to 1 .4% (relative risk reduction: 95.9%; P<.001). Based on these findings, 4-week fondaparinux treatment may become the standard thromboprophylaxis after hip fracture surgery.
Advancements in Minimally Invasive Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Tria Alfred J 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has been in development since the early 1970s. Insali and others established the principles of ligament balance and overall alignment for implant success. Repicci introduced the concept of minimally invasive surgery in the early 1990s using the unicondylar prosthesis. As the outcomes of minimally invasive surgeries continued to improve when using a unicondylar prosthesis, it was logical to attempt a minimally invasive TKA. The author and his team have performed 1 20 minimally invasive TKAs over the past 2 years. Early results show that a minimally invasive approach produces better early motion, less blood loss, less pain, and a shorter hospital stay than the standard TKA with no compromise in accuracy.
Stability Advantages of a Modular Total Hip System
Authors: Dennis Douglas A , Lynch Christopher B 
Published: April 2021

abstract
Hip instability continues to be an infrequent, yet frustrating complication of total hip arthroplasty (THA). Restoration of normal hip anatomy and biomechanics at the time of THA is critical to reduce the risk of dislocation. This can be difficult in some patients due to distorted hip anatomy and wide variations in "normal" hip anatomy reported in numerous studies. Modular femoral components offer a large array of femoral offset, length, and version options which can be used independently or in combination to recreate normal osseous anatomy and a well-tensioned soft tissue envelope, which should enhance hip stability following THA.
The S-ROM Stem and Its Use With Alternative Bearings
Authors: Politi Joel 
Published: April 2021

abstract
Many long-term studies of total hip arthroplasty (THA) show excellent results. This long-term success depends on many factors, including implant fixation and bearing surface wear. As THA is commonly performed on patients w'rth a steadily increasing life span and activity level, the issue of wear has become critical. Advances in the wear properties of polyethylene have been significant, but, in the search for low long-term wear rates, hard bearing surfaces are frequently used.
Periprosthetic Fractures in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Van Flandern Geoffrey J 
Published: April 2021

abstract
Periprosthetic fractures can be discussed in many formats. In this article, epidemiology, classification, and treatment are divided into the following three categories of periprosthetic fracture: intraoperative fractures detected at the time of surgery; intraoperative fractures undetected at the time of surgery, but detected postoperatively; and postoperative fractures occurring late after the arthroplasty procedure.
The S-ROM Cementless Femoral Stem: History and Literature Review
Authors: Spitzer Andrew I 
Published: April 2021

abstract
The S-ROM femoral prosthesis, building on the foundation of the Sivâsh Stem, pioneered proximal modularity in total hip arthroplasty. Now with a clinical history dating back >20 years, the S-ROM has performed well in the primary and revision setting. Early concerns regarding fretting and failure at the modular junction have been overcome by basic science data and uncomplicated mid- to long-term clinical follow-up. Coupled with its clinical performance, the versatility of the stem has enabled the S-ROM to achieve a well-deserved prominence for use in complex and straightforward primary and revision total hip arthroplasty.
Clinical Evaluation of a True Percutaneous Technique for Antegrade Femoral Nailing
Authors: Ziran Bruce H , Smith Wade R , Zlotolow D A , Manion C , Grosskreuz R , Agudelo Juan F , Morgan Steven J 
Published: April 2021

abstract
From July 1997 to March 2001, 209 consecutive patients with 215 femoral shaft fractures amenable to antegrade femoral nailing were enrolled. A true percutaneous insertion technique was performed using a stab wound incision. One hundred ninety-seven (92%) fractures achieved primary union with anatomic or near anatomic alignment. Eighteen (8%) healing problems and two deep infections (1%) responded to repeat interventions. There was one iatrogenic complication related to an anterior starting point. External blood loss was minimal (generally <100 cc). Incisions averaged 16 mm and healed uneventfully. At one-year follow-up only 10% of patients had hip abductor pain. The percutaneous technique appears to be a safe and effective alternative to the standard technique. Hip pain at one year appears decreased compared to reports using a traditional approach.
Pullout Forces of Sutures in Muscle Lacerations
Authors: Chance John R , Krgh John K , Agrawal C Mauli , Basamania Carl J 
Published: April 2021

abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine if complex suture techniques had higher pullout forces from muscle tissue than conventional stitching. Using transected cadaver muscle bellies, we performed repairs with various suture techniques and measured pullout forces. Epimyseal repair with conventional stitches (Kessler, figure eight, horizontal mattress) was inferior to complex stitches (modified Mason-Allen, perimeter). The combined complex stitches (perimeter and Mason-Allen) were strongest. Conventional stitches failed longitudinally through the muscle, whereas complex stitches failed transversely across the muscle. The complex combination of perimeter and Mason-Allen stitches had superior pullout resistance compared to conventional stitches.
Functional Impact of Navigation-Assisted Minimally Invasive Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Seon Jong Keun , Song Eun Kyoo 
Published: April 2021

abstract
The functional results of 47 navigation-assisted minimally invasive total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) were compared with results of 50 conventionally performed TKAs with a minimum 1-year follow-up. Navigation-assisted minimally invasive TKA showed better functional results than conventionally performed TKA at 1 year after surgery with regard to the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) pain and function score, flexion range, and less outliers of leg and component alignment. Among the bilateral cases (one side by navigation-assisted minimally invasive TKA and the other side by conventionally performed TKA), more patients preferred the navigation-assisted minimally invasive side to the conventionally performed side.
Process Optimization in Navigated Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Walde Tim Alexander , Burgdorf Dirk , Walde Hans-Joachim 
Published: April 2021

abstract
Although navigation achieves better alignment results in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), it is generally assumed that navigation also needs more time and effort than conventional surgeries. After optimizing the treatment procedure of navigated TKA, the operation times needed for navigated surgeries were documented and compared with the average time of conventional surgeries, registered before the introduction of the navigation system. Sixty consecutive patients for uncemented TKAs were included in the navigated series. Results show an average of 49 minutes for the navigated surgeries, which is less than the average of the manual surgeries. For all patients, alignment was within 3° varus/valgus postoperatively, and the mean Knee Society Score improved from 25 points preoperatively to 83 points 6 weeks postoperatively.
Knee Cartilage Defect Documentation: Computer Assistance in Quantification of Cartilage Defects
Authors: Diaz Roberto , Kidwell Matthew , Albright John , Dolan Lori 
Published: April 2021

abstract
In order to determine the potential for a computer-assisted program to allow accurate and reproducible measurements of joint surface defects, area measurements were repeated 10 times by three observers for two complex lesions of predetermined size. The results indicate that this system offers a significant improvement over the surgeon's freehand method of assessment and that further development is indeed warranted.
Academic Inbreeding in Nursing: Intentional or Inevitable?
Authors: Kornguth Mary L , Miller Michael H 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Consensus exists that academic inbreeding inhibits innovation and scholarly achievement. Nevertheless, schools of nursing have been-and continue to be-more inbred than other schools within the university. In a follow-up survey to Miller and Ehnes' 1977 study, inbreeding has increased slightly-more junior than senior faculty are inbred, and rapidly expanding schools are the most inbred. A comparison of two schools (one highly inbred and one less so) demonstrates that schools do not recruit faculty from other schools in their region. The paper concludes that economic pressures may force deans to hire their own graduates (reducing recruitment costs) for junior positions and pay a relatively larger sum for a few senior level outbred faculty. Thus, academic inbreeding in nursing may be both inevitable and intentional.
Toward More Clarity in Terminology: Frameworks, Theories and Models
Authors: Adam Evelyn 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Lack of precision in a person's choice of words, which perhaps indicates a lack of clarity and accuracy in ideas, may become a subtle form of negative teaching. It is suggested that such terms as "conceptual frame of reference" and "theoretical framework" should be used as broad terms for conceptions of reality, reserving "philosophy," "theory" and "conceptual model" as more restricted terms for conceptions of reality.
Nurse authors do not agree that nursing theory exists, that nursing has its own body of knowledge, that nursing is a science or even a discipline. Yet nursing is fully equipped to justify its claim to such terms. Starting from a nursing perspective rather than from a borrowed one, nursing theory can be developed, nursing knowledge can be accumulated, and nursing science can be advanced, all in the interests of a worthwhile contribution to society's health.
The Success of Non-BSNs in Graduate Nursing Programs
Authors: Munro Barbara Hazard , Krauss Judith Belliveau 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Although there is a great need to increase the number of master's prepared nurses, admissions criteria often limit the pool of possible applicants to those with a bachelor's degree in nursing (BSN), and/or require that non-BSN applicants complete special requirements to compensate for their lack of a degree in nursing. One of the few schools that admits RNs without the BSN, and does not require make-up of undergraduate nursing courses, is Yale University School of Nursing (YSN). Yale also has a program for preparing college graduates at the master's level for entry into nursing practice. Those individuals spend the first of three years in prespecialty basic nursing and the last two in the regular master's program.
To determine if there was any difference in success among the groups at YSN, the three groups of individuals admitted to the two-year master's program at Yale - NonNurse College Graduates, BSNs, and nurses with a nonnursing baccalaureate degree were compared on their theoretical and clinical grades at the end of the first and second years of the specialty programs. Data were gathered from 435 students who had attended Yale over a ten-year period. No significant differences were found among these groups on clinical or theoretical grades at either the end of the first or second year of the program.
This study indicates that although careful selection of candidates for graduate study is essential, intelligent, motivated individuals are able to acquire skills through self-learning and professional experience that are usually provided in baccalaureate nursing programs.
How Nursing Students Explain Their Success and Failure in Clinical Experiences
Authors: Davidhizar Ruth E , McBride Angela 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Student motivation is a faculty concern at all strata of the educational process. A major issue in motivation is the student's perception of the situation and explanation of the cause of success or failure. The education literature indicates little research on how student nurses actually perceive and explain their success and failure. This paper addresses success and failure issues by reviewing attribution theory and describing a study of attribution made by student nurses following completion of clinical nursing courses in one school. Explanations were obtained for success and failure both of nursing care provided and for mastery of theory. The data obtained reveal some interesting patterns and indicate the need for further research in this area.
Disciplinary Boundary Maintenance in Nursing Education
Authors: Lenz Elizabeth R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This paper reports the results of two small-scale surveys examining the extent to which nursing education is reflecting patterns of insularity from other disciplines. One survey examined employment of non-nurse faculty and mechanisms for delivering non-nursing content in 16 baccalaureate and higher degree nursing programs; the other examined the disciplinary origins of required readings in 44 nursing courses. Non-nurse faculty were employed in half of the schools surveyed; however, non-nursing content was delivered primarily by nurses with advanced preparation in another discipline. There was heavy, but not total reliance on nursing authorship and journals in the courses surveyed. A pattern of relatively high insularity was inferred from reported and anticipated decreases in nonnurse faculty, the rarity of joint appointments, heavy reliance on nurses to deliver non-nursing content and use of high proportions of nursing literature.
Experiential Learning and Changing Leadership Style
Authors: Zanecchia Margaret D 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
One of the many problems facing the nursing profession today is the lack of preparedness of its leaders. Nursing educators, collaborating with nursing service, can teach baccalaureate students leadership skills and to develop leadership styles. Experiential real-world management tasks selected by faculty and head nurses can serve as learning opportunities. Students can learn leadership ability and change style. Utilizing t-test, the before and after course mean scores on the standardized Leadership Ability Evaluation instrument were statistically analyzed. Significant differences and style changes were identified. Students in the total class became more effective leaders as did the students in both the traditional and experiential groups.
Traditional students (lecture only) became less autocraticsubmissive and more democratic. The experiential group significantly became less autocratic-aggressive, less laissez-faire and more democratic.
Promoting Enthusiasm for Research Among Undergraduate Students
Authors: Munro Babara Hazard 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Methods for increasing the undergraduate nursing student's awareness and appreciation of nursing research are presented. Faculty members are asked to examine their own attitudes towards research as well as the factors contributing to the students' developing attitudes. Ways of assisting students to identify researchable problems are discussed and suggestions made for the involvement of the students in ongoing research.
Evaluation of a Cardiac Arrest Simulation
Authors: Manderino Mary A , Ganong Lawrence H , Yonkman Carol A , Royal Ann 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Prior to using a simulation strategy for educational and/ or research purposes, it is essential to assess whether or not the simulation elicits responses one would expect in the "real" situation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stress-eliciting capacity of two variations of a simulated cardiac arrest situation. Twenty-seven senior baccalaureate students in nursing volunteered to participate in the study. Each subject was randomly assigned either to a simulation containing interpersonal stressors or a simulation containing environmental stressors. The simulations took place in a videotape studio equipped as an intensive care unit. All subjects were instructed via an audiotape recording to perform tasks similar to those undertaken by intensive care nurses in the context of a cardiac arrest situation. Pre-post measurements included: self-reported anxiety as measured by the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (A-State), pulse rate, and diastolic and systolic blood pressure. Task performance on cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and on a medication memory activity also were measured. Since no significant differences in the dependent measures were found between the two groups, data from both groups were analyzed together. Univariate analyses showed significant pre-post increases in pulse rate (p < .0001), systolic blood pressure (p < .03), and self-reported anxiety (p < .0001). No significant change was noted in diastolic blood pressure. Ratings on CPR performance and a medication memory task were well below expected performance standards. The implications of these findings for educational and research purposes are discussed.
A Taxonomy of Games and Simulations for Nursing Education
Authors: Duke Ellen Stoetzner 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The purposes of this study were to locate games and simulations available for nursing education, to categorize these materials to make them more accessible for nurse educators, and to determine how nursing's use of instructional games might be enhanced. Twenty-nine games and simulations were identified in the nursing literature. The taxonomy developed for this study described three types of process games: clinical, pathophysiologic and psychosocial. These games were further analyzed using a modified version of Ruben's (1977) classification, which compared and contrasted games by structural components and control parameters. The taxonomy is intended to guide nurse educators in conveniently locating games and simulations which may fit or be tailored to fit individual learning objectives. Recommendations include instituting standards for describing games and simulations, establishing a clearinghouse for disseminating information on nursing games and initiating research on the effectiveness of games and simulations as instructional strategies.
Hours of Contact and Their Relationship to Students' Evaluations of Teaching Effectiveness
Authors: Dawson Norma 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
This study was designed to determine if hours of contact with a teacher influenced a student's perceptions of teaching effectiveness. Three hundred forty-one nursing students used a researcher developed instrument to rate five teachers of nursing on classroom teaching effectiveness, and one of the five teachers on clinical teaching effectiveness. Results indicated that a positive relationship existed between students' ratings of their clinical teacher's teaching effectiveness in the classroom and clinical area. The significant Pearson correlations for the five teachers ranged from .61 to .91 (p=.000). The hypothesis, that increased contact hours with a teacher would have a positive influence on students' evaluations of a teacher, received support. Three of five clinical groups of students gave their clinical instructors significantly higher scores for classroom teaching effectiveness than did other students.
Invitational Teaching Behaviors in the Associate Degree Clinical Setting
Authors: Ripley Delia McKeithan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Teaching in the clinical area provides some unique problems for the nurse educator. An effective clinical instructor is one whose teaching behaviors promote learning. This study investigated the relationship between the attitudes associate degree nursing students have toward their clinical learning experiences and their perceptions of the Invitational Teaching behaviors of the clinical instructor. The Invitational Teaching Survey and the Student Affective Outcome Measure (Amos, Purkey, & Tobias, 1984) were adapted to describe teaching behaviors in the clinical setting. Reliability studies were conducted on the revised instruments. The total scores and subscores yielded 15 relationships which were compared using Pearson Product Moment Coefficients. The correlations coefficients ranged from .39 to .69 and all were statistically significant at p<.01. The results of this study indicated a strong relationship between students attitudes toward their clinical experience and their perceptions of the inviting teaching behaviors of their clinical instructor. The study yielded a reliable tool which can be used by instructors to identify the students' perceptions of their Invitational Teaching behaviors in the clinical setting.