bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sulfate‐Functionalized RuFeOx as Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalyst in Acid
Authors: Xue Yanrong , Fang Jinjie , Wang Xingdong , Xu Zhiyuan , Zhang Yufeng , Lv Qingqing , Liu Mengyuan , Zhu Wei , Zhuang Zhongbin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe design of highly active, stable, and low‐cost electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer remains a challenge. RuO2 shows relatively low cost but poor stability. Here, the critical role of sulfate anion doping in promoting OER activity and stability of RuO2 is reported. Coupled with the Fe cation doping, the sulfate‐functionalized RuFeOx (S‐RuFeOx) displays a remarkable OER performance with a low overpotential of 187 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in acid, and much enhanced stability. The excellent OER activity of S‐RuFeOx is attributed to the dual positive effects that the sulfate dopants weaken the adsorption of the *OOH intermediate, and Fe dopants promote the deprotonation of chemisorbed water molecules to form *OOH. The enhanced stability is in part due to the sulfate dopants which stabilize the lattice oxygen. These results demonstrate that the anion and cation co‐doped RuO2 is a promising candidate for highly efficient OER electrocatalysts.
An Overview for Zero‐Dimensional Broadband Emissive Metal‐Halide Single Crystals
Authors: Zhou Lei , Liao Jin‐Feng , Kuang Dai‐Bin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe high‐profile candidacy of low‐dimensional metal‐halide single crystals as promising light emitters originates from the intriguing emission properties (e.g., extremely broad luminescence spectra, large Stokes shift, high color rendition), which have enabled the recent great achievements on their application in lighting, artificial illumination, and scintillators. Among the family of low‐dimensional metal‐halide single crystals, zero‐dimensional (0D) materials have been featured in the lowest dimensionality, and as a consequence, strongest quantum confinement, softest lattice, and strongest electron–phonon coupling have been further translated into near‐unity photoluminescence (PL) efficiency with broadband emission. However, as far as it is known, 0D structures are significantly underexplored. Herein, an overview is provided on recent advances of 0D metal‐halide single crystals, with a focus on comprehensive understanding and insightful perspectives behind the photophysical mechanism. Additionally, the challenges and future opportunities currently faced by 0D bulk metal halides are discussed in order to provide a roadmap for the future development of novel materials with versatile optical properties suited for practical applications.
Combining ability and heterotic grouping of turcicum‐resistant early‐maturing maize inbreds
Authors: Badu‐Apraku Baffour , Bankole Faith A. , Fakorede Morakinyo A. B. , Ogbe Gregory , Bandyopadhyay Ranajit , Ortega‐Beltran Alejandro 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMaize (Zea mays L.), an important source of calories and nutrients in sub‐Saharan Africa, is threatened by northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) caused by Exserohilum turcicum. This study examined combining ability and heterotic patterns of early‐maturing maize inbreds, gene action conditioning NCLB resistance, and performance of derived hybrids across environments and identified testers. Fifteen each of white and yellow inbreds were intercrossed using North Carolina Design II to obtain 75 hybrids per endosperm color. Hybrids plus six checks were inoculated with a virulent isolate of E. turcicum 4 wk after planting in six inoculated and three non‐inoculated environments in Nigeria in 2018 and 2019. Inbreds were assigned to heterotic groups using general combining ability (GCA) of multiple traits method. Specific combining ability (SCA), GCA, and genotype × environment (G × E) interactions were significant for grain yield (GYLD), disease severity, and other traits. Northern corn leaf blight caused 46% GYLD reduction. The effects of GCA were preponderant over SCA for GYLD and NCLB severity across environments, indicating that hybridization and recurrent selection would enhance genetic gains and hybrid performance. White and yellow inbreds were placed in two and three heterotic groups, respectively. High‐yielding NCLB‐resistant testers identified could be used to classify other inbreds yet to be field‐tested into heterotic groups. Genotypes TZEI 32 × TZEI 5 and TZEI 124 × TZEI 134 were identified as single‐cross testers. Genotypes TZEI 32 × TZEI 5 and TZEI 5 × TZEI 75 (white) and TZEI 124 × TZEI 134 and TZEI 124 × TZEI 11 (yellow) were identified for on‐farm testing and possible commercialization.
Kinetics decoupling activity and selectivity of Pt nanocatalyst for enhanced glycerol oxidation performance
Authors: Chen Wenyao , Wang Jingnan , Zhang Yanfang , Zhang Jing , Duan Xuezhi , Si Rui , Chen De , Qian Gang , Zhou Xinggui 
Published: May 2021

AbstractHerein, we demonstrate a kinetics and a mechanistic strategy to disentangle the origins of the significantly improved activity and selectivity of Pt‐catalyzed glycerol oxidation. The unchanged reactant reaction orders and activation energies suggest the same kinetics despite variable Pt particle sizes, based on which a Michaelis–Menten kinetics treatment is conducted to individually quantify the number and activity of Pt active site. Together with multiple characterization results, the volcano‐shaped activity is mainly arising from the quantity change of Pt active site. Moreover, the atomic structure of bimetallic Pt─Sb catalyst is well elucidated by the formation of Pt─SbO interface along with partial Sb incorporation into Pt lattice, chelating with glycerol to poison Pt active sites for primary hydroxyl activation while creating interfacial site for second hydroxyl activation, further evidenced by kinetics shift. The kinetics strategy could be extended to other metal catalysts with simultaneously high activity and selectivity.
Integrated ionic liquid and rate‐based absorption process design for gas separation: Global optimization using hybrid models
Authors: Zhang Xiang , Ding Xuechong , Song Zhen , Zhou Teng , Sundmacher Kai 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA new method for integrated ionic liquid (IL) and absorption process design is proposed where a rigorous rate‐based process model is used to incorporate absorption thermodynamics and kinetics. Different types of models including group contribution models and thermodynamic models are employed to predict the process‐relevant physical, kinetic, and thermodynamic (gas solubility) properties of ILs. Combining the property models with process models, the integrated IL and process design problem is formulated as an MINLP optimization problem. Unfortunately, due to the model complexity, the problem is prone to convergence failure. To lower the computational difficulty, tractable surrogate models are used to replace the complex thermodynamic models while maintaining the prediction accuracy. This provides an opportunity to find the global optimum for the integrated design problem. A pre‐combustion carbon capture case study is provided to demonstrate the applicability of the method. The obtained global optimum saves 14.8% cost compared with the Selexol process.
Comprehensive search filters for retrieving publications on nonhuman primates for literature reviews (filterNHP)
Authors: Cassidy Lauren C. , Leenaars Cathalijn H. C. , Rincon Alan V. , Pfefferle Dana 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNonhuman primates (NHPs) are widely studied across many scientific disciplines using a variety of techniques in diverse environments. Due to the wide scope of NHP research, substantial overlap in research topics and questions can occur, whose resulting scientific evidence is synthesized by literature reviews. Identifying all relevant research on a particular topic involving NHPs can be difficult and time consuming. By adopting objective search development techniques from systematic reviews, we developed search filters to detect all scientific publications involving NHPs in PubMed, PsycINFO (via EBSCOhost), and Web of Science. We compared the performance of our comprehensive NHP search filters to search strings typical of a novice database user (i.e., NHP simple search strings) and validated their sensitivity by combining these searches with a topic search of cortisol related studies. For all comparisons, our comprehensive NHP search filters retrieved considerably more scientific publications than the NHP simple search strings. Importantly, our comprehensive NHP search filters are easy to use (text can be copied and pasted into the database search engine) and detect the most recent publications that have yet to be indexed by the bibliographic databases queried. Additionally, we developed filterNHP, an R package and web‐based application (https://filterNHP.dpz.eu), for researchers interested in literature searches involving a taxonomic sub‐group of NHPs. filterNHP alleviates time necessary for adapting our comprehensive NHP search filters for a particular NHP sub‐group by automatizing the creation of these search filters. Altogether, our comprehensive NHP search filters and those for taxonomic sub‐groups generated by filterNHP will enable swift and easy retrieval of the available scientific literature involving NHPs, and thereby help enhance the quality of new NHP literature reviews that guide future scientific research (new experiments) and public policy (e.g., on welfare and conservation).
Towards developing a rhesus monkey model of early Alzheimer's disease focusing on women's health
Authors: Beckman Danielle , Morrison John H. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of elderly dementia, affecting nearly 50 million people worldwide, with two‐thirds of the cases in the USA in women. Despite considerable investment, this prevalence is expected to increase further in the coming decades, based on the projected demographics of the population. Currently, most of the preclinical AD studies rely on transgenic mice carrying mutations associated with the early onset familiar form of AD, although the vast majority of cases are sporadic. A prevailing current hypothesis is that the cascade of events leading to AD starts with the accumulation of small soluble oligomers of the Aβ peptide (AβOs) that target and disrupt synapses. Taking advantage of the high translational power of rhesus monkeys due to their physiological and genetic similarities to humans, we recently developed a female rhesus monkey model of early AD pathogenesis based on exogenous administration AβOs. Here we review and discuss how soluble oligomers of Aβ can target vulnerable spines in the neocortex and hippocampus of female middle‐aged monkeys and induce neuroinflammatory responses, similar to what is known to occur in the human brain. Developing a rhesus monkey model of early AD focusing on women's health is critical for the understanding of how hormonal changes during menopause transition affect brain health and ultimately may contribute to AD neurodegeneration.
Stroke and dementia, leading causes of neurological disability and death, potential for prevention
Authors: Avan Abolfazl , Hachinski Vladimir 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionStroke and dementia share a number of modifiable risk factors and are the leading cause of neurological disability and death worldwide.MethodsWe report the 2019 estimations for global disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) and death numbers and rates related to stroke and dementia, as well as their risk attributed DALYs and deaths and their changes between 2010 and 2019.ResultsStroke accounted for 69.8%, dementia for 17.3%, and combined contributed to 87.2% (8.2 million) of neurological deaths and 61.7% (168.5 million) of neurological DALYs in 2019. For stroke, 86.4% of DALYs and for dementias 32.8% of DALYs are attributable to risk factors. Globally, hypertension (54.8%) and unhealthy diet (30.0%) pose the greatest risk for stroke DALYs, and smoking (15.1%) and obesity (12.5%) for dementia DALYs.DiscussionWorldwide, stroke and dementia cases are increasing in number, but their age‐standardized rates are falling. Finding out why offers the possibility of their joint delay, mitigation, or prevention.
A blood screening tool for detecting mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease among community‐dwelling Mexican Americans and non‐Hispanic Whites: A method for increasing representation of diverse populations in clinical research
Authors: O'Bryant Sid E. , Zhang Fan , Petersen Melissa , Hall James R. , Johnson Leigh A. , Yaffe Kristine , Mason David , Braskie Meredith , Barber Robert A. , Rissman Robert A. , Mapstone Mark , Mielke Michelle M. , Toga Arthur W. ,   for the HABLE Study Team
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionRepresentation of Mexican Americans in Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical research has been extremely poor.MethodsData were examined from the ongoing community‐based, multi‐ethnic Health & Aging Brain among Latino Elders (HABLE) study. Participants underwent functional exams, clinical labs, neuropsychological testing, and 3T magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. Fasting proteomic markers were examined for predicting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD using support vector machine models.ResultsData were examined from n = 1649 participants (Mexican American n = 866; non‐Hispanic White n = 783). Proteomic profiles were highly accurate in detecting MCI (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.91) and dementia (AUC = 0.95). The proteomic profiles varied significantly between ethnic groups and disease state. Negative predictive value was excellent for ruling out MCI and dementia across ethnic groups.DiscussionA blood‐based screening tool can serve as a method for increasing access to state‐of‐the‐art AD clinical research by bridging between community‐based and clinic‐based settings.
Selective Permeable Lithium‐Ion Channels on Lithium Metal for Practical Lithium–Sulfur Pouch Cells
Authors: Chen Peng‐Yu , Yan Chong , Chen Pengyu , Zhang Rui , Yao Yu‐Xing , Peng Hong‐Jie , Yan Li‐Tang , Kaskel Stefan , Zhang Qiang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLithium metal batteries are considered a promising candidate for high‐energy‐density energy storage. However, the strong reducibility and high reactivity of lithium lead to low Coulombic efficiency when contacting oxidants, such as lithium polysulfide caused by the serious “shuttle effect” in lithium–sulfur batteries. Herein we design selectively permeable lithium‐ion channels on lithium metal surface, which allow lithium ions to pass through by electrochemical overpotential, while the polysulfides are effectively blocked due to the much larger steric hindrance than lithium ions. The selective permeation of lithium ions through the channels is further elucidated by the molecular simulation and visualization experiment. Consequently, a prolonged cycle life of 75 cycles and high Coulombic efficiency of 99 % are achieved in a practical Li–S pouch cell with limited amounts of lithium and electrolyte, confirming the unique role the selective ion permeation plays in protecting highly reactive alkali metal anodes in working batteries.
Thiols Act as Methyl Traps in the Biocatalytic Demethylation of Guaiacol Derivatives
Authors: Pompei Simona , Grimm Christopher , Schiller Christine , Schober Lukas , Kroutil Wolfgang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractDemethylating methyl phenyl ethers is challenging, especially when the products are catechol derivatives prone to follow‐up reactions. For biocatalytic demethylation, monooxygenases have previously been described requiring molecular oxygen which may cause oxidative side reactions. Here we show that such compounds can be demethylated anaerobically by using cobalamin‐dependent methyltransferases exploiting thiols like ethyl 3‐mercaptopropionate as a methyl trap. Using just two equivalents of this reagent, a broad spectrum of substituted guaiacol derivatives were demethylated, with conversions mostly above 90 %. This strategy was used to prepare the highly valuable antioxidant hydroxytyrosol on a one‐gram scale in 97 % isolated yield.
Metal‐free Transformations of Nitrogen‐Oxyanions to Ammonia via Oxoammonium Salt
Authors: Sahana Tuhin , Mondal Aditesh , Anju Balakrishnan S. , Kundu Subrata 
Published: May 2021

AbstractTransformations of nitrogen‐oxyanions (NOx−) to ammonia impart pivotal roles in sustainable biogeochemical processes. While metal‐mediated reductions of NOx− are relatively well known, this report illustrates proton‐assisted transformations of NOx− anions in the presence of electron‐rich aromatics such as 1,3,5‐trimethoxybenzene (TMB−H, 1 a) leading to the formation of diaryl oxoammonium salt [(TMB)2N+=O][NO3−] (2 a) via the intermediacy of nitrosonium cation (NO+). Detailed characterizations including UV/Vis, multinuclear NMR, FT‐IR, HRMS, X‐ray analyses on a set of closely related metastable diaryl oxoammonium [Ar2N+=O] species disclose unambiguous structural and spectroscopic signatures. Oxoammonium salt 2 a exhibits 2 e− oxidative reactivity in the presence of oxidizable substrates such as benzylamine, thiol, and ferrocene. Intriguingly, reaction of 2 a with water affords ammonia. Perhaps of broader significance, this work reveals a new metal‐free route germane to the conversion of NOx to NH3.
Ligand‐Controlled Regiodivergent Thiocarbonylation of Alkynes toward Linear and Branched α,β‐Unsaturated Thioesters
Authors: Ai Han‐Jun , Lu Wangyang , Wu Xiao‐Feng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThiocarbonylation of alkynes offers an ideal procedure for the synthesis of unsaturated thioesters. A robust ligand‐controlled regioselective thiocarbonylation of alkynes is developed. Utilizing boronic acid and 5‐chlorosalicylic acid as the acid additive to in situ form 5‐chloroborosalicylic acid (5‐Cl‐BSA), and bis(2‐diphenylphosphinophenyl)ether (DPEphos) as the ligand, linear α,β‐unsaturated thioesters were produced in a straightforward manner. Switching the ligand to tri(2‐furyl)phosphine can turn the reaction selectivity to give branched products. Remarkably, this approach also represents the first example on thiocarbonylation of internal alkynes.
Zeolitic Octahedral Metal Oxides with Ultra‐Small Micropores for C2 Hydrocarbon Separation
Authors: Wang Jie , Zhu Qianqian , Zhang Zhenxin , Sadakane Masahiro , Li Yanshuo , Ueda Wataru 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSeparation of C2 hydrocarbons, C2H6, C2H4, and C2H2, remains significant challenges in chemical industry. However, there are only few adsorbents that can effectively isolate C2 hydrocarbons from their mixtures particularly at a high temperature. Herein, we design a zeolitic octahedral metal oxide based on ϵ‐Keggin polyoxometalates with metal ion linkers. Single gas adsorption of the material shows the different adsorption performances for the C2 hydrocarbons and the strong interaction of the material with the C2 hydrocarbons. Dynamic competitive adsorption experiments show that the material efficiently separates each of the binary C2 hydrocarbon mixtures and even the ternary C2 hydrocarbon mixtures with high selectivity. The material keeps high separation performance even the temperature was increased to 85 °C. The material is stable and is able to be reused without loss of the separation performance.
Structural Changes during the Growth of Atomically Precise Metal Oxido Nanoclusters from Combined Pair Distribution Function and Small‐Angle X‐ray Scattering Analysis
Authors: Anker Andy S. , Christiansen Troels Lindahl , Weber Marcus , Schmiele Martin , Brok Erik , Kjær Emil T. S. , Juhás Pavol , Thomas Rico , Mehring Michael , Jensen Kirsten M. Ø. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe combination of in situ pair distribution function (PDF) analysis and small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) enables analysis of the formation mechanism of metal oxido nanoclusters and cluster–solvent interactions as they take place. Herein, we demonstrate the method for the formation of clusters with a [Bi38O45] core. Upon dissolution of crystalline [Bi6O5(OH)3(NO3)5]⋅3 H2O in DMSO, an intermediate rapidly forms, which slowly grows to stable [Bi38O45] clusters. To identify the intermediate, we developed an automated modeling method, where smaller [BixOy] structures based on the [Bi38O45] framework are tested against the data. [Bi22O26] was identified as the main intermediate species, illustrating how combined PDF and SAXS analysis is a powerful tool to gain insight into nucleation on an atomic scale. PDF also provides information on the interaction between nanoclusters and solvent, which is shown to depend on the nature of the ligands on the cluster surface.
Synergistic Polarization Engineering on Bulk and Surface for Boosting CO2 Photoreduction
Authors: Liu Lizhen , Huang Hongwei , Chen Zhensheng , Yu Hongjian , Wang Keyang , Huang Jindi , Yu Han , Zhang Yihe 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSluggish charge kinetics and low CO2 affinity seriously inhibit CO2 photoreduction. Herein, the synchronous promotion of charge separation and CO2 affinity of Bi4Ti3O12 is realized by coupling corona poling and surface I‐grafting. Corona poling enhances ferroelectric polarization of Bi4Ti3O12 by aligning the domains direction, which profoundly promotes charge transfer along opposite directions across bulk. Surface I‐grafting forms a surface local electric field for further separating charge carriers and provides abundant active sites to enhance CO2 adsorption. The two modifications cooperatively further increase the ferroelectric polarization of Bi4Ti3O12, which maximize the separation efficiency of photogenerated charges, resulting in an enhanced CO production rate of 15.1 μmol g−1 h−1 (nearly 9 times) with no sacrificial agents or cocatalysts. This work discloses that ferroelectric polarization and surface ion grafting can promote CO2 photoreduction in a synergistic way.
Robust output consensus of discrete‐time networked negative imaginary systems
Authors: Zhang Qian , Liu Liu , Lu Yufeng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper considers robust output consensus of discrete‐time networked homogeneous negative imaginary (NI) systems under ℓ2 external disturbances via integral quadratic constraints (IQCs). A necessary and sufficient condition for robust output consensus of discrete‐time networked NI systems without poles at ±1 is obtained by the IQC‐based discrete‐time NI (D‐NI) stability result. Moreover, the robust output consensus problem can be solved by designing an unstable controller whose poles are related to transmission zeros of D‐NI systems. The case of discrete‐time networked NI systems with poles at 1 is also studied. These main results are related to all eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix of the network graph as well as the corresponding complementary IQCs at ±1 frequencies. Some corollaries are given by constructing appropriate IQC multipliers in order to simplify the main results. Finally, three examples are shown to explain the validity of the main results.