bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apixaban vs. Warfarin in Atrial Fibrillation Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Fu Chung-Ming , Li Lung-Chih , Lee Yueh-Ting , Wang Shih-Wei , Hsu Chien-Ning 
Published: October 2021

Background and Objectives: Real-world evidence of apixaban treatment in patients with chronic kidney disease remains scarce. This study aimed to compare the relative risk of stroke or systemic embolism (SE) and major bleeding between apixaban and warfarin in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with different degrees of kidney function.Design, Setting, Participants, and Measurements: We evaluated newly diagnosed AF patients between 2004 and 2018, who were receiving apixaban or warfarin. Electronic medical record data were collected from a large healthcare delivery network in Taiwan. The outcomes of hospitalization for stroke/SE and major bleeding were compared with propensity-score matched apixaban and warfarin cohorts. Stratified analyses according to initial apixaban dose (standard dose of 10 mg/day vs. lower dose of 2.5–5.0 mg/day) and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate were performed.Results: Each cohort involved 1,625 matched patients. Apixaban was significantly associated with a lower risk of stroke/SE (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.57–0.97; p = 0.03). The risk of major bleeding was not increased whether in standard doses (aHR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.45–0.96; p = 0.03) or reduced doses (aHR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.63–1.12; p = 0.23) of apixaban. Regarding kidney function, apixaban reduced the risk of stroke/SE by 37% in those with an eGFR of &lt;30 ml/min/1.73 m2 (aHR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.40–0.98; p = 0.04).Conclusions: Compared to warfarin, apixaban is associated with a reduced risk of stroke/SE and is consistent with a subset of AF patients with eGFR &lt;30 ml/min/1.73 m2. Both standard and reduced doses of apixaban showed lower risk of major bleeding than those of warfarin.
Association of Agenesis of the Dorsal Pancreas With HNF1B Heterozygote Mutation: A Case Report
Authors: Guo Mei , Xu Qinqin , Yu Xuefeng , Yang Qin , Shao Shiying 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundAgenesis of the dorsal pancreas (ADP) is a rare disease, the pathogenic mechanism of which is partially related to variants of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1B (HNF1B) gene.Case PresentationWe report a case of ADP, which presented with acute ketoacidosis, hyperuricemia, and liver dysfunction. In this case, the HNF1B score was estimated as 16 and a heterozygous variant of HNF1B in exon 2 (c.513G&gt;A-p.W171X) was identified through gene sequencing.ConclusionsA good understanding of the clinical comorbidities of ADP is essential for avoiding missed diagnosis to a great extent. Moreover, estimation of HNF1B score is recommended before genetic testing.
Association Between Serum Osmolality and Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yang Jie , Cheng Yisong , Wang Ruoran , Wang Bo 
Published: October 2021

Purposes: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in critically ill patients and is usually associated with poor outcomes. Serum osmolality has been validated in predicting critically ill patient mortality. However, data about the association between serum osmolality and AKI is still lacking in ICU. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between early serum osmolality and the development of AKI in critically ill patients.Methods: The present study was a retrospective cohort analysis based on the medical information mart for intensive care III (MIMIC-III) database. 20,160 patients were involved in this study and divided into six subgroups according to causes for ICU admission. The primary outcome was the incidence of AKI after ICU admission. The association between early serum osmolality and AKI was explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.Results: The normal range of serum osmolality was 285–300 mmol/L. High serum osmolality was defined as serum osmolality &gt;300 mmol/L and low serum osmolality was defined as serum osmolality &lt;285 mmol/L. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that high serum osmolality was independently associated with increased development of AKI with OR = 1.198 (95% CL = 1.199–1.479, P &lt; 0.001) and low serum osmolality was also independently associated with increased development of AKI with OR = 1.332 (95% CL = 1.199–1.479, P &lt; 0.001), compared with normal serum osmolality, respectively.Conclusions: In critically ill patients, early high serum osmolality and low serum osmolality were both independently associated with an increased risk of development of AKI.
Gene Therapy in Inherited Retinal Diseases: An Update on Current State of the Art
Authors: Amato Alessia , Arrigo Alessandro , Aragona Emanuela , Manitto Maria Pia , Saladino Andrea , Bandello Francesco , Battaglia Parodi Maurizio 
Published: October 2021

Background: Gene therapy cannot be yet considered a far perspective, but a tangible therapeutic option in the field of retinal diseases. Although still confined in experimental settings, the preliminary results are promising and provide an overall scenario suggesting that we are not so far from the application of gene therapy in clinical settings. The main aim of this review is to provide a complete and updated overview of the current state of the art and of the future perspectives of gene therapy applied on retinal diseases.Methods: We carefully revised the entire literature to report all the relevant findings related to the experimental procedures and the future scenarios of gene therapy applied in retinal diseases. A clinical background and a detailed description of the genetic features of each retinal disease included are also reported.Results: The current literature strongly support the hope of gene therapy options developed for retinal diseases. Although being considered in advanced stages of investigation for some retinal diseases, such as choroideremia (CHM), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and Leber's congenital amaurosis (LCA), gene therapy is still quite far from a tangible application in clinical practice for other retinal diseases.Conclusions: Gene therapy is an extremely promising therapeutic tool for retinal diseases. The experimental data reported in this review offer a strong hope that gene therapy will be effectively available in clinical practice in the next years.
ARHGAP11A Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Immune Infiltrates in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Fan Biao , Ji Ke , Bu Zhaode , Zhang Ji , Yang Heli , Li Jialin , Wu Xiaojiang 
Published: October 2021

Background: ARHGAP11A, belongs to RhoGAPs family, is vital for cell motility. However, the role of ARHGAP11A in gastric cancer is obscure.Methods: The expression level of ARHGAP11A was analyzed by Oncomine database. The correlation of ARHGAP11A expression with immune infiltrates and associated gene markers was clarified by Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database. The correlation between ARHGAP11A expression and the patient prognosis was identified by Kaplan-Meier plotter and PrognoScan. Genetic changes of ARHGAP11A were analyzed by cBioPortal. The protein-protein interaction network and gene functional enrichment analysis were constructed and performed by GeneMANIA and Metascape.Results: We found that the expression levels of ARHGAP11A were elevated in various cancers including gastric cancer when compared with normal tissues. High expression of ARHGAP11A was significantly correlated with a better prognosis in gastric cancer. We revealed that the expression of ARHGAP11A was negatively associated with infiltration levels of CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages and dendritic cells. In addition, ARHGAP11A expression was significantly correlated with gene markers of these immune cells. Lastly, gene functional enrichment analysis indicated that ARHGAP11A involved in regulating lymphocyte activation, cell division, cell killing, myeloid leukocyte differentiation and leukocyte apoptosis.Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that ARHGAP11A was a valuable prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer. Further work is needed to validate its role and underlying mechanisms in regulating immune infiltrates.
Serum Albumin Levels as a Potential Marker for the Predictive and Prognostic Factor in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zheng Zhong , Liu Chengqi , Shen Ying , Xia Liang , Xiao Lili , Sun Yuanyuan , Wang Hui , Chen Zhengnong , Wu Yaqin , Shi Haibo , Feng Yanmei , Yin Shankai 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: As a common otology emergency, sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) has a great impact on quality of life. The diagnosis and treatment of SSNHL remain challenging. This study aims to identify and investigate the association of liver functions with SSNHL.Methods: A total of 135 SSNHL patients and 135 sex- and age-matched controls were prospectively enrolled. The baseline and clinical characteristics, along with liver function levels of participators, were collected. Linear correlation, logistic regression, and receiving operator characteristic curve analysis tests were applied to examine the association between liver function levels and SSNHL.Results: There were no differences in baseline characteristics between SSNHL and control groups. The albumin (ALB) level of the SSNHL group was significantly lower than that in the control group (p &lt; 0.001). The logistic regression showed that the low ALB level may be a predictive factor of SSNHL with an adjusted OR of 0.809 (95% CI, 0.742–0.882, p &lt; 0.001). By comparing the indicators of different prognosis groups, we found that the effective group had a significantly lower hearing impair onset and higher ALB (p = 0.001) and AGR (p = 0.003) levels than the ineffective group. Logistic regression revealed that the hearing level onset (OR, 0.976; 95% CI, 0.956–0.997; p = 0.026) and ALB level (OR, 1.181; 95% CI, 1.071–1.301; p = 0.001) showed strong associations with treatment outcome.Conclusions: Lower ALB levels, within the normal ranges, were associated with the occurrence and unfavorable outcome of SSNHL. However, further research on the underlying mechanisms needs to be conducted.
Acoustic Frequency-Based Approach for Identification of Photoacoustic Surgical Biomarkers
Authors: Gonzalez Eduardo A. , Graham Camryn A. , Lediju Bell Muyinatu A. 
Published: October 2021

Spectral unmixing techniques for photoacoustic images are often used to isolate signal origins (e.g., blood, contrast agents, lipids). However, these techniques often require many (e.g., 12–59) wavelength transmissions for optimal performance to exploit the optical properties of different biological chromophores. Analysis of the acoustic frequency response of photoacoustic signals has the potential to provide additional discrimination of photoacoustic signals from different materials, with the added benefit of potentially requiring only a few optical wavelength emissions. This study presents our initial results testing this hypothesis in a phantom experiment, given the task of differentiating photoacoustic signals from deoxygenated hemoglobin (Hb) and methylene blue (MB). Coherence-based beamforming, principal component analysis, and nearest neighbor classification were employed to determine ground-truth labels, perform feature extraction, and classify image contents, respectively. The mean ± one standard deviation of classification accuracy was increased from 0.65 ± 0.16 to 0.88 ± 0.17 when increasing the number of wavelength emissions from one to two, respectively. When using an optimal laser wavelength pair of 710–870 nm, the sensitivity and specificity of detecting MB over Hb were 1.00 and 1.00, respectively. Results are highly promising for the differentiation of photoacoustic-sensitive materials with comparable performance to that achieved with more conventional multispectral laser wavelength approaches.
Association of Gene Polymorphisms in APOE and BIN1 With Dementia of Alzheimer's Type Susceptibility in Chinese Han Population
Authors: Li Xiaoyue , Zhang Yelei , Chen Xinyu , Yuan Hongwei , Wang Zhiqiang , Wang Guoqiang , Zhang Kai , Liu Huanzhong 
Published: October 2021

Objectives: Dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) is the most common chronic neurodegenerative disease. At present, the pathogenesis of DAT is not completely clear, and there are no drugs that can cure the disease. Once an individual is diagnosed with DAT, the survival time is only 3 to 9 years. Therefore, there is an urgent need to determine the etiology of DAT and the associated influencing factors to find a breakthrough in the treatment of DAT.Methods: We studied the relationship between polymorphisms in several genes (including BIN1 and APOE) and DAT susceptibility and the effects of sex differences on DAT. Our study included 137 patients with DAT and 509 healthy controls (HCs).Results: The APOE rs429358 polymorphism CC and CT genotypes were associated with an increased risk of DAT in women. We found a significant association between APOE ε4 and DAT. The frequency of the ε4 allele in the DAT group (15.5%) was higher than that in the HC group (8.7%). The BIN1 rs7561528 polymorphism was associated with a decreased risk of DAT in men.Conclusions: APOE gene rs429358 and BIN1 gene 7561528 genes may affect the susceptibility to DAT in a Chinese Han population.
Genomic Profiling of Blood-Derived Circulating Tumor DNA from Patients with Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer
Authors: Chen Chen , Wang Tao , Yang Mengmei , Song Jia , Huang Mengli , Bai Yuezong , Su Hao 
Published: October 2021

Background: Biliary tract cancer is a highly lethal malignancy with poor clinical outcome. Accumulating evidence indicates targeted therapeutics may provide new hope for improving treatment response in BTC, hence better understanding the genomic profile is particularly important. Since tumor tissue may not be available for some patients, a complementary method is urgently needed. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) provides a noninvasive means for detecting genomic alterations, and has been regarded as a promising tool to guide clinical therapies.Methods: Next-generation sequencing of 150 cancer-related genes was used to detect gene alterations in blood-derived ctDNA from 154 Chinese patients with BTC. Genomic alterations were analyzed and compared with an internal tissue genomic database and TCGA database.Results: 94.8% patients had at least one change detected in their ctDNA. The median maximum somatic allele frequency was 6.47% (ranging 0.1–34.8%). TP53 and KRAS were the most often mutated genes. The frequencies of single nucleotide variation in commonly mutated genes in ctDNA were similar to those detected in tissue samples, TP53 (35.1 vs. 40.4%) and KRAS (20.1 vs. 22.6%). Pathway analysis revealed that mutated genes were mapped to several key pathways including PI3K-Akt, p53, ErbB and Ras signaling pathway. In addition, patients harboring LRP1B, TP53, and ErbB family mutations presented significantly higher tumor mutation burden.Conclusions: These findings demonstrated that ctDNA testing by NGS was feasible in revealing genomic changes and could be a viable alternative to tissue biopsy in patients with metastatic BTC.
Sharp and Rounded Cutouts in a Chevron Orifice and Them Impact on the Acoustic and Flow Parameters of Synthetic Jet
Authors: Smyk Emil 
Published: October 2021

The application of a synthetic jet actuator in workplaces entails the necessity of noise reduction, which they generate. One of the methods to achieve this is the use of the chevron orifice or nozzle. Therefore, the impact of different numbers of chevrons and rounding of cutouts in the orifice on the actuator efficiency and the sound pressure level was tested. The chevron orifices were compared to the circular orifice. The time-mean reaction force method was used to measured efficiency and flow parameters, and the noise was measured according to the ISO 3746:2010. The rounded cutouts had an advantageous impact on the actuator efficiency at the power P>1 W, while the efficiency of the actuator with classic chevron orifice was smaller than with circular orifice. The noise generated by the actuator with the chevron orifice was smaller from 0.6 to 1.6 dB than by the actuator with the circular orifice, at the number of chevrons equal to 7 or more. The rounding of cutouts in the chevron orifice can advantageously impact the parameters of synthetic jet actuators.
Routinely asking patients about income in primary care: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Pinto Andrew David , Shenfeld Erica , Aratangy Tatiana , Wang Ri , Nisenbaum Rosane , Lofters Aisha , Bloch Gary , Kiran Tara 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundIncome is a key social determinant of health, yet it is rare for data on income to be routinely collected and integrated with electronic health records.AimTo examine response bias and evaluate patient perspectives of being asked about income in primary care.Design & settingMixed-methods study in a large, multi-site primary care organisation in Toronto, Canada, where patients are asked about income in a routinely administered sociodemographic survey.MethodData were examined from the electronic health records of patients who answered at least one question on the survey between December 2013 and March 2016 (n= 14 247). The study compared those who responded to the income question with non-responders. Structured interviews with 27 patients were also conducted.ResultsA total of 10 441 (73%) patients responded to both parts of the income question:‘What was your total family income before taxes last year?’and‘How many people does your income support?’. Female patients, ethnic minorities, caregivers of young children, and older people were less likely to respond. From interviews, many patients were comfortable answering the income question, particularly if they understood the connection between income and health, and believed the data would be used to improve care. Several patients found it difficult to estimate their income or felt the options did not reflect fluctuating financial circumstances.ConclusionMany patients will provide data on income in the context of a survey in primary care, but accurately estimating income can be challenging. Future research should compare self-reported income to perceived financial strain. Data on income linked to health records can help identify health inequities and help target anti-poverty interventions.
analisis strategi pengembangan dan uji kelayakan usaha kecil menengah amplang ikan di kota tarakan
Authors: Anwar Syaiful , Narmiana Narmiana 
Published: October 2021

Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi dan analisis yang digunakan dalam pengembangan usaha amplang ikan di Kota Tarakan. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pengusaha amplang yang ada di kota Tarakan baik terdaftar di dinas yang terkait maupun tidak. Adapun populasi penelitian ini berjmlah 14 orang dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik sampel jenuh atau teknik sampel sensus dimana semua populasi dijadikan sampel, dan data penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa kelayakan finansial dilihat dari BCR (Benefit Cost of Ratio) sebesar 1.03, NPV (Net Present Value) sebesar 172.927.700,60, FRR (Financial Rate of Return) sebesar 98,51%, PBP (Pay Back Period) sebesar 1,02 dan BEP (Break Even Point) dasar harga unit sebanyk 15,000 bungkus dan dasar harga penjualan sebesar Rp18.000.000. Berdasarkan kriteria kelayakan yang telah ditentukan dapat dikatakan bahwa UKM amplang ikan di Kota Tarakan layak untuk di operasionalkan. Sedangkan tahapan analisis yang dilakukan yaitu dengan melihat kondisi internal dan eksternal perusahaan dengan cara analisis situasi dengan kata lain yaitu analisis SWOT, dengan melalui tahapan IFE (Internal Faktor Evaluation), EFE (Eksternal Faktor Evaluation), diagram SWOT dan Matriks SWOT. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa strategi yang digunakan yaitu strategi Agresif atau strategi SO (strength-Opportunity).
IDENTIFIKASI DAN STRATEGI PENGUATAN KEARIFAN LOKAL USAHATANI PADI SAWAH TADAH HUJAN DI DESA LONG MIDANG
Authors: Hendris Hendris , Sirait Sudirman 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFor their food needs, the people in Long Midang Village still apply traditional values or local wisdom in the utilization and processing of rice cultivation, especially rainfed lowland rice. This research aims to identify local wisdom that has existed and still being maintained, knowing the factors that cause local wisdom to be maintained or abandoned, and formulating strategies to maintain local wisdom. This study uses a qualitative descriptive analysis method and SWOT analysis tool, data obtained through in-depth interviews. The results showed there are 38 local wisdoms in Long Midang Village, 22 local wisdoms are retained while 16 local wisdoms are removed, the factors that cause local wisdom have been maintained are the availability of organic fertilizers, the use of cheaper traditional tools, land preservation and respect for ancestral heritage. The factors that cause local wisdom have been abandoned are changes in insight/knowledge and more efficient modern technology. Strategies to strengthen local wisdom using aggressive strategies (S-O) namely increasing the use of buffalo in cultivating land as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly local wisdom as well as maintaining mutual cooperation wisdom. Key words: Local Wisdom, Rainfed Rice, SWOTAbstrakDalam memenuhi kebutuhan pangannya, masyarakat di Desa Long Midang masih memegang kuat nilai-nilai tradisi adat atau kearifan lokal yaitu dalam pemanfaatan dan pengolahan budidaya padi khususnya padi sawah tadah hujan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kearifan lokal yang pernah ada dan yang masih dipertahankan, mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan kearifan lokal terus dipertahankan atau ditinggalkan, dan merumuskan strategi dalam mempertahankan kearifan lokal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan alat analisis SWOT, data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kearifan lokal di Desa Long Midang berjumlah 38, kearifan lokal yang dipertahankan sebanyak 22 sedangkan kearifan lokal yang ditinggalkan sebanyak 16, faktor-faktor penyebab kearifan lokal di pertahankan adalah tersedianya pupuk organik, penggunaan alat-alat tradisional yang lebih murah, kelestarian lahan dan penghargaan terhadap warisan leluhur. Faktor-faktor penyebab kearifan lokal ditinggalkan adalah perubahan wawasan/pengetahuan dan perkembangan teknologi modern yang lebih efisien. Strategi penguatan kearifan lokal menggunakan strategi agresif (S-O) yaitu meningkatkan penggunaan kerbau dalam pengolahan lahan sebagai salah satu kearifan lokal yang hemat biaya dan ramah lingkungan serta mempertahankan kearifan gotong royong.Kata kunci: Kearifan Lokal, Sawah Tadah Hujan, SWOT