bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexibility in Coping with Stress Questionnaire:
structure and psychometric properties
Authors: Basińska Małgorzata A. , Kruczek Agnieszka , Borzyszkowska Agata , Góralska Katarzyna , Grzankowska Izabela , Sołtys Michalina 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionFlexibility in coping relies on applying a coping strategy that is appropriate to the circumstances. Individuals who are flexible in coping exhibit sensitivity to subtle signals sent by the environment. Therefore, they are able to adjust their behaviour accordingly and function in a more adaptive manner.Material and methodsThe study included N = 1535 participants. The following methods were used: the Flexibility in Coping with Stress Questionnaire (FCSQ-14) and the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory (CFI).ResultsThe Flexibility in Coping with Stress Questionnaire measures flexibility as a feature of the process of coping with which an individual applies coping strategies. The Flexibility in Coping with Stress Questionnaire is an accurate and reliable method of measuring coping flexibility and three of its subscales: the Repertoire of coping strategies, the Changeability of their use, and Reflexivity.ConclusionsThe Flexibility in Coping with Stress Questionnaire examines three subscales of flexibility, namely, Repertoire of coping strategies, Changeability, and Reflexivity. This measurement is accurate and reliable. The questionnaire is applied to the study of persons exposed to severe or chronic stress at work, when we want to assess the individual's ability to change their functioning in a stressful situation. It can be used to examine healthy and somatically ill people, in the area of research and clinical diagnosis.
Effect of Pilates exercises on blood glucose, urinary problems, sexual symptoms, pain and anxiety in women with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Silva Do Nascimento Glenda Roberta , De Souza Ferraz Vanessa , Wanderley De Oliveira Patricia De Medeiros Vieira , Ayach Wilson , Christofoletti Gustavo , Gomes De Souza Pegorare Ana Beatriz 
Published: July 2021

PurposeTo verify the impact of Pilates training on blood glucose, urinary problems, sexual symptoms, pain and anxiety in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).MethodsOverall, 25 pregnant women with GDM were randomly divided into an experimental and a control group. The participants allocated into the experimental group were submitted to 12 weeks of conventional treatment for GDM associated with supervised Pilates exercises. The control group were submitted to 12 weeks of conventional treatment, without the Pilates intervention. Fasting blood glucose was measured with a glucose monitor. Urinary symptoms were assessed by using the Short-Form International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire. For sexual function, the authors applied the Female Sexual Function Index. Maternal weight gain was obtained from the patients’ medical records. Pain was assessed by visual analogue scale and localized by nordic questionnaire. Owing to a non-parametric pattern of the data, values were expressed as median and interquartile range. Inferential analysis was performed with the Mann-Whitney U test (to assess between-group comparisons) and Wilcoxon test (to assess pre- and post-intervention comparisons).ResultsConsidering the baseline similarity of the groups regarding anthropometric and clinical variables, Pilates training improved fasting glucose, maternal weight gain, and urinary incontinence score as compared with the group submitted exclusively to conventional therapy (<i>p</i> < 0.05).ConclusionsThe results reinforce the beneficial effects of supervised Pilates training on reducing blood glucose, maternal weight gain, and urinary incontinence in pregnant women with GDM.
Effects of training on bone metabolism in young athletes
Authors: Mero Antti M.J. , Häkkinen Keijo , Kyröläinen Heikki , Mero Antti A. 
Published: July 2021

PurposeThis study investigated the effects of two types of training on the bone formation marker of osteocalcin and the
bone resorption marker of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase isoenzyme 5b (TRAP5b) in young track and field boys and
girls.MethodsThe 14-year-old group (10 boys, 10 girls) performed first time an intensive and supervised 8-week plyometric
training. In the 17-year-old group (13 athletic boys, 6 control boys, 12 athletic girls, 6 control girls), the normal many-sided
track and field training lasted 6 months.ResultsSignificant increases were noticed in osteocalcin (<i>p</i> < 0.01) both in younger boys and girls. The 20-m sprint
performance improved in girls (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and the countermovement jump height increased in boys (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Significant
increases in 17-year-old boys and girls were observed after training in osteocalcin (<i>p</i> < 0.01), osteocalcin/TRAP5b ratio
(<i>p</i> < 0.01 and <i>p</i> < 0.001), and the standing 5-jump (<i>p</i> < 0.05 and<i> p</i> < 0.01). Serum TRAP5b decreased both in boys (<i>p</i> < 0.05)
and in girls (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The boys also improved the standing 5-jump (<i>p</i> < 0.01) and the 12-minute running test results (<i>p</i> < 0.05).
In the combined group of all subjects, the correlation coefficient between TRAP5b and age was significant (<i>r</i> = –0.63, <i>p</i> < 0.001,
<i>n</i> = 57).ConclusionsIn practice, it is important to add plyometrics and other strength training in the training plans of young athletes,
regardless of their events, to increase their bone metabolism and muscle strength.
Post-operative computed tomography imaging evaluation of ascending aorta surgery
Authors: Toia Patrizia , Pennisi Luciano , Taravella Rossana , Grassedonio Emanuele , Gagliardo Cesare , Galia Massimo , Midiri Massimo , La Grutta Ludovico 
Published: July 2021

Ascending thoracic aorta disease is often a life-threatening condition. Aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection are the most frequent ascending aorta diseases requiring surgical intervention. Surgical repair techniques of the ascending aorta are various; they include reconstruction of the ascending aorta by using a graft with or without a prosthetic valve, reconstruction with a composite artificial graft or using a biological graft, and reconstruction of the ascending aorta with a composite graft preserving the native valve and arch repair. The radiologist plays a key role in the identification of post-operative complications; differentiation from normal postoperative findings is fundamental. Our aim is to discuss the main diseases affecting the ascending aorta requiring surgery and the different techniques used to treat them. We also discuss the normal computed tomography (CT) imaging findings and after-surgery complications.
Apparent diffusion coefficient values in borderline breast lesions upgraded and not upgraded at definitive histopathological examination after surgical excision
Authors: Tagliati Corrado , Piccinni Paola , Ercolani Paola , Marconi Elisabetta , Franca Simonetti Barbara , Marco Giuseppetti Gian , Giovagnoni Andrea 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionThe study aims were to evaluate if the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value could distinguish between breast lesions classified as B3 at core needle biopsy (CNB) that show or do not show atypia or malignancy at definitive histopathological examination (DHE) after surgical excision.Material and methods: From January 2013 to December 2017, 141 patients with a B3 breast lesion underwent magnetic resonance imaging and were included in the study. The ADC value was assessed drawing a ROI outlining the entire lesion, evaluating the mean (ADCmean) and minimum ADC values (ADCmin).ResultsBoth ADCmean and ADCmin values showed a statistically significant difference between B3 lesions without and with malignancy or, for B3a lesions, atypia at DHE. They both showed a statistically significant difference also between B3a lesions without or with atypia or malignancy at DHE, but only ADCmin (not ADCmean) showed statistically significant difference between B3b lesions without or with malignancy at DHE.ConclusionsThe ADC value could help distinguish between B3a lesions without or with atypia/malignancy at DHE after surgical excision and between B3b lesions without or with malignancy at DHE. Therefore, it could be used to help guide the diagnostic-therapeutic pathway of these lesions, particularly of B3a lesions.
The utility of ADC parameters in the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer by 3.0-Tesla diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Altan Kus Aylin 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionThis study has focused on investigating the relationship between the exponential apparent diffusion coefficient (exp-ADC), selective apparent diffusion coefficient (sel-ADC) values, the ADC ratio (ADCr), and prostate cancer aggressiveness with transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy in patients with prostate cancer.Material and methodsAll patients underwent a multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) including tri-planar T2-weighted (T2W), dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE), diffusion-weighted sequences using a 3.0-Tesla MR scanner (Skyra, Siemens Medical Systems, Germany) with a dedicated 18-channel body coil and a spine coil underneath the pelvis, with the patient in the supine position. Exp-ADC, sel-ADC, and ADCr of defined lesions were evaluated using region-of-interest-based measurements. Exp-ADC, sel-ADC, and ADCr were correlated with the Gleason score obtained through transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy.ResultsPatients were divided into 2 groups. Group I is Gleason score ≥ 3 + 4, group II is Gleason score = 6. Sel-ADC and exp-ADC were statistically significant between 2 groups (0.014 and 0.012, respectively). However, the ADCr difference between nonclinical significant prostate cancer from clinically significant prostate cancer was not significant (p = 0.09).ConclusionsThis study is the first to evaluate exp-ADC and sel-ADC values of prostate carcinoma with ADCr. One limitation of this study might be the limited number of patients. Exp-ADC and sel-ADC values in prostate MRI imaging improved the specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC) for detecting clinically relevant prostate carcinoma. Adding exp-ADC and sel-ADC values to ADCr can be used to increase the diagnostic accuracy of DWI.
Comparison of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings of triple-negative breast cancer with non-triple-negative tumours
Authors: İmre Yetkin Duygu , Gulsun Akpınar Meltem , Durhan Gamze , Basaran Demirkazik Figen 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has some distinctive features. The aim of the study was to compare clinical and breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of TNBC with non-triple-negative breast cancer (nTNBC) in molecular subtypes such as ADC (apparent diffusion coefficient) values, T2-weighted (T2W) image intensity, shape, margin, lymph node involvement, grade, multifocality, multicentricity, bilaterality, and enhancement pattern differences between tumour subtypes.Material and methodsA total of 141 patients who underwent breast biopsy at our institution between January 2010 and June 2018 were included in this study. Patients were divided into molecular subtypes according to hormone receptor status, and Ki-67 index. Tumour grade, enhancement patterns, age, lymph node involvement, ADC values, breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) category, bilaterality, multifocality, multicentricity, margin, shape, and T2W image intensity were evaluated for these subtypes.ResultsADC values were higher in triple-negative tumours than in luminal A and luminal B tumours (p = 0.010 and p = 0.002, respectively). Circumscribed margin, type 2 enhancement curve, and rim enhancement were significantly higher in triple-negative tumours (p < 0.001). No significant difference was found between the groups in terms of other MRI findings including bilaterality, multifocality, multicentricity, shape, and T2W image intensity (p > 0.05).ConclusionsADC values, circumscribed margin, and rim enhancement can provide important information about the tumour’s biological behaviour and the course of the disease.
Efficacy of high-resolution, 3-D diffusion-weighted imaging in the detection of breast cancer compared to dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Yadav Pratiksha , Harit Saumya , Kumar Dileep 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionTo evaluate the utility of high-resolution, 3-D diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the detection of breast cancer and to compare the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curves of DWI and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI).Material and methodsProspective IEC approved study included 131 breast lesions detected on mammography and breast ultrasound. Cases underwent MRI on a 3 Tesla scanner using a dedicated breast coil. T2WI, STIR, T1WI, and dynamic post contrast MR. DWI MRI with b value of 50, 800, and 1500 s/mm2. Post-processing data with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) calculations and kinetic curves were obtained. Characteristics for lesions were analysed as per ACR BI-RADS descriptors. Final histopathological diagnosis was considered as the standard of reference. 2 test, t-test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, pairwise comparison of ROC curves, sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated.ResultsSixty-six (50.38%) malignant and 65 (59.62%) benign lesions were included in the study. The mean ADC of malignant lesions was 0.870 × 10–3 mm2/s and 1.637 × 10–3 mm2/s (p < 0.0001) for benign lesions. Sensitivity and specificity for DWI were 95.45% and 90.76%, respectively, and for DCE-MRI they were 96.97% and 87.69%, respectively. Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were obtained at 91.30% and 95.16%, respectively, in DWI while in DCE-MRI they were 88.88% and 96.61%, respectively. The AUC for ADC was 0.979. In ROC comparison of AUC for DWI 0.931 and for DCE-MRI 0.923, the difference between the areas was 0.00781 (p = 0.782).ConclusionsHigh-resolution DWI is a non-contrast MRI technique, which improves the lesion detection with diagnostic performance comparable to DCE-MRI and has potential as an adjunct with screening mammography.
The importance of diffusion apparent diffusion coefficient values in the evaluation of soft tissue sarcomas after treatment
Authors: Aktas Elif , M. Arikan Sefik , Ardıç Fisun , Savran Burcu , Arslan Alaettin , Toğral Güray , Karakaya Jale , K. Aribas Bilgin 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionIn our study, we aimed to show the efficiency of diffusion-weighted images at different b-values and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in the differentiation of recurrent tumours from post-treatment tissue changes.Material and methodsThe conventional and diffusion magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of 42 patients operated for soft tissue sarcomas between June 2012 and March 2015 followed up with MRIs that were evaluated by 2 radiologists retrospectively. Diffusion MRIs were acquired at 4 different b-values (50, 400, 800, 1000 s/mm2). The lesions were classified according to conventional MRI findings as post-treatment changes and recurrent tumours.ResultsWhen the patient group with recurrent tumours was compared with the patient group with postoperative changes the ADC calculations were statistically significantly lower for the recurrent tumours at all b-levels (p < 0.001 for all b-levels). The sensitivity of b-50 values lower than 3.01 × 103 mm²/s in showing recurrent tumours was 100% and the specificity was 77.78%. The sensitivity of b-400 values lower than 2.1 × 103 mm²/s in showing recurrent tumours was 80% and the specificity was 96.3%. The sensitivity of b-800 values lower than 2.26 × 103 mm²/s in showing recurrent tumours was 100% and the specificity was 88.89%. The sensitivity of b-1000 values lower than 2 × 103 mm²/s in showing recurrent tumours was 93.3% and the specificity was 92.5%.ConclusionsThe ADC values obtained from diffusion-weighted images have high sensitivity and specificity in differentiating recurring soft tissue sarcomas during monitoring after treatment from postoperative changes.
3D quantitative analysis of diffusion-weighted imaging for predicting the malignant potential of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas
Authors: Igarashi Takao , Shiraishi Megumi , Watanabe Ken , Ohki Kazuyoshi , Takenaga Shinsuke , Ashida Hirokazu , Ojiri Hiroya 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionTo investigate the predictors of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas (IPMNs) with high-grade dysplasia, using 2-dimensional (2D) analysis and 3-dimensional (3D) volume-of-interest-based apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram analysis.Material and methodsThe data of 45 patients with histopathologically confirmed IPMNs with high-grade or low-grade dysplasia were retrospectively assessed. The 2D analysis included lesion-to-spinal cord signal intensity ratio (LSR), minimum ADC value (ADCmin), and mean ADC value (ADCmean). The 3D analysis included the overall mean (ADCoverall mean), mean of the bottom 10th percentile (ADCmean0-10), mean of the bottom 10-25th percentile (ADCmean10-25), mean of the bottom 25-50th percentile (ADCmean25-50), skewness (ADCskewness), kurtosis (ADCkurtosis), and entropy (ADCentropy). Diagnostic performance was compared by analysing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Inter-rater reliability was assessed by blinded evaluation using the intraclass correlation coefficient.ResultsThere were 16 and 29 IPMNs with high- and low-grade dysplasia, respectively. The LSR, ADCoverall mean, ADCmean0-10, ADCmean10-25, ADCmean25-50, and ADCentropy showed significant between-group differences (AUC = 72-93%; p < 0.05). Inter-rater reliability assessment showed almost perfect agreement for LSR and substantial agreement for ADCoverall mean and ADCentropy. Multivariate logistic regression showed that ADCoverall mean and ADCentropy were significant independent predictors of malignancy (p < 0.05), with diagnostic accuracies of 80% and 73%, respectively.ConclusionsADCoverall mean and ADCentropy from 3D analysis may assist in predicting IPMNs with high-grade dysplasia.
Can imaging suggest the aetiology in skull base osteomyelitis? A systematic literature review
Authors: Bhalla Deeksha , S. Bhalla Ashu , Manchanda Smita 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionTo assess differentiating features between bacterial, Aspergillus, and Mucor skull base osteomyelitis (SBO) with regard to clinical presentation and imaging appearances.Material and methodsA literature search was performed in April 2020 for studies on SBO with a minimum sample size of 10 patients. Studies that reported presenting symptoms, cross-sectional imaging findings, complications, and mortality were included in the analysis. The quality of included articles was tested using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool. A data extraction form was used to retrieve relevant parameters from each of the articles.ResultsThirteen articles were included in the final analysis. Diabetes mellitus was the most common predisposing factor (12.5-91.0%). Presenting complaints in all bacterial SBO studies were otogenic, while fungal SBO patients had nasal/ocular complaints. Rates of mortality and surgical intervention in the fungal group were 50-100% and 50%, respectively, as compared to the bacterial group – 7-87% and 10%, respectively. On imaging, the site of initial infection in bacterial SBO was the external auditory canal, while in fungal SBO it was the paranasal sinus. The incidence of orbital extension was < 5% in bacterial and 44-70% in fungal SBO, among which Mucor had rates of 65-70%. Bone erosion was less extensive in bacterial SBO, and the patterns differed. The highest incidence of vascular involvement and non-enhancing lesions (23-36%) was seen in Mucor. Aspergillus showed highest sino-cranial extension (52-55%) and homogenous bright enhancement.ConclusionsSystematic analysis of the clinico-radiological parameters in each of the studies revealed differences in presentation, clinical course, extension, bone erosion, and enhancement.
Should the webspaces be a review area for Mortons neuroma on computed tomographies performed for metatarsalgia?
Authors: Azzopardi Christine , Smith Emily , Kho James , James Steven , Botchu Rajesh 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionMorton’s neuroma-bursal complex (MNBC) is a common cause of metatarsalgia which is usually investigated with ultrasound. Patients presenting with metatarsalgia may also have computed tomography (CT) as part of their investigation to look for alternative causes such as stress fracture. Although CT is considered to be of most use in assessing the bones in this scenario, the soft tissues can also be reviewed. This study analyses whether MNBC can reliably be detected on CT in patients presenting with metatarsalgia.Material and methods43 cases were identified on the Radiology Information System where both CT and ultrasound had been undertaken to assess for metatarsalgia. Two blinded consultant musculoskeletal radiologists retrospectively reviewed the CTs to determine the presence or absence of MNBC and this was compared to the ultrasound reports.ResultsThere was a mean sensitivity of 45.5% and mean specificity of 62.5%. Mean accuracy was 52.3% and Youden’s index was 0.080. There was fair agreement between the two reviewers with Cohen’s κ of 0.62.ConclusionsSensitivity and specificity of CT for MNBC are poor. CT should not be used as an isolated modality to make a definite diagnosis regarding the presence or absence of a MNBC.
Imaging features of fungal pneumonia in haematopoietic stem cell transplant patients
Authors: W. Revels Jonathan , A. Fadl Shaimaa , S. Wang Sherry , Ladumor Heta , Xu Haodong , Kicska Gregory 
Published: July 2021

Patients who have received haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) have a high rate of pulmonary complications, and in this immunosuppressed population, fungal pneumonia is of great concern. Fungal pneumonia can have a similar appearance to non-infectious pulmonary processes in HSCT patients, and radiologists should be familiar with the subtle features that may help to differentiate these disease entities. The focus of this article is on the diagnosis of fungal pneumonia in HSCT patients with an emphasis on radiologists’ roles in establishing the diagnosis of fungal pneumonia and the guidance of clinical management.