bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Projective representation of the Galilei group for classical and quantum–classical systems*
Authors: Bermúdez Manjarres A D 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A physically relevant unitary irreducible non-projective representation of the Galilei group is possible in the Koopman–von Neumann formulation of classical mechanics. This classical representation is characterized by the vanishing of the central charge of the Galilei algebra. This is in contrast to the quantum case where the mass plays the role of the central charge. Here we show, by direct construction, that classical mechanics also allows for a projective representation of the Galilei group where the mass is the central charge of the algebra. We extend the result to certain kind of quantum–classical hybrid systems.
Analyzing the mechanical properties of aluminium (SiC, B4C) hybrid Composite
Authors: Kannan V. Senthil , Pugalenthi P. , Lenin K. , Sandhiya D. , Hariharan A. Sam raj , Sakthipriyan S. , Ranjith Mohan R. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aluminium MMCs is play the major role in the industrial sectors. The aluminium MMCs are providing superior properties which cannot achieved by existing monolithic material. Now a days the more research is involves to the development of aluminium MMCs. Here we are choosing Al 7475 is a base metal and reinforced with SiC, B4C by stir casting method. The different combinations of composition in volume fraction were chosen like 85%Al 7.5%SiC 7.5%B4C, 85%Al 5%SiC 10%B4C, 85%Al 10%SiC 5%B4C. The stir casted composite is machined carefully to prepare specimens of micro hardness. The mechanical properties are including the micro hardness. The stir casted composite is machined carefully to prepare specimens of micro hardness (Vickers test), tensile test, impact test (Charpy test) and micro structure as per the ASTM standards. The composition of 85%Al 7.5%SiC 7.5%B4C, was given more hardness, tensile strength and impact strength has 126.33VHN, 196.79N/mm2 and 2 Joule. As increased the percentage of SiC is increase the mechanical properties of the Al MMC.
Metal-insulator transition in Cr-doped hollandite vanadate K2V8O16
Authors: Biswas S , Raychaudhury M De 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The hollandite K2V8O16 is a metal with ferromagnetic spin fluctuations in the high temperature (tetragonal I4/m) phase and encounters metal-insulator transition (MIT) at 170 K. The mechanism behind the MIT is still controversial due to inadequate information on the electronic structure. Furthermore, substitution of Rb for K or Ti for V increases the transition temperature. We have investigated whether break in the mirror symmetry is responsible for the insulating ground state of K2V8O16 and since the Cr counterpart is a robust ferromagnet, whether Cr doping which leads to break in mirror symmetry can help in driving a gap. We find that both 25% and 75% Cr doping break the mirror symmetry but only the former leads to an insulating ground state. Ferromagnetism (FM) remains intact in the insulating phase of K2V6Cr2O16. The structural, electronic and magnetic properties of pure and doped K2V8O16 were investigated within first-principles calculations using density functional theory (DFT). Electron correlation suppresses orbital fluctuations between the partially occupied Cr and V-3dt2g states. Consequently, transfer of charge (electron) from V-3d to Cr-3dt2g states is observed which facilitates Cr3+-V4+ charge ordering. Furthermore, Peierls like structural distortion is associated to the breaking of mirror symmetry in the Cr-V rectangular four chain columns within the crystal. Therefore, the simultaneous effect of Peierls instability, charge ordering and Coulomb correlation is responsible for the MIT in K2V6Cr2O16. Besides, Cr-3d O-2p hybridization and Cr-O coupling increases with Cr doping. These two effects are cooperatively responsible for the observed FM in insulating K2V6Cr2O16. More interestingly, the strength of FM is augmented with Cr concentration in K2V8O16.
An interpretable machine learning based approach for process to areal surface metrology informatics
Authors: Obajemu Olusayo , Mahfouf Mahdi , Papananias Moschos , McLeay Thomas E , Kadirkamanathan Visakan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Surface metrology parameters represent an important class of design variables, which can be controlled because they represent the DNA or fingerprint of the whole manufacturing chain as well as form important predictors of the manufactured component’s function(s). Existing approaches of analysing these parameters are applicable to only a small subset of the parameters and, as such, tend to provide a narrow characterisation of the manufacturing environment.This paper presents a new machine learning approach for modelling the surface metrology parameters of the manufactured components. Such a modelling approach can allow one to understand better and, as a result, control the manufacturing process so that the desired surface property can be achieved whilst manipulating the process conditions. The newly proposed approach utilises a fuzzy logic based-learning algorithm to map the extracted process features to the areal surface metrology parameters. It is fully transparent since it employs IF...THEN statements to describe the relationships between the input space (in-process monitoring variables) and the output space (areal surface metrology parameters). Furthermore, the algorithm includes a ridge penalty based mechanism that allows the learning to be accurate while avoiding over-fitting. This new machine-learning framework was tested on a real-life industrial case-study where it is required to predict the areal parameters of a manufacturing (machining) process from in-process data. Specifically, the case study involves a full factorial experimental design to manufacture seventeen (17) steel bearing housing parts which are fabricated from heat-treated EN24 steel bars. Validation results showed the ability of this new framework not only to predict accurately but also to generalise across different types of areal surface metrology parameters.
Introduction
Authors: Harris James A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
‘Introduction’ presents Hume by way of a summary description of his persona as a public intellectual, or man of letters, for whom philosophy was not so much a distinct subject matter as a style of thought. Hume had some very well-known contemporaries in Adam Smith, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Benjamin Franklin. over his lifetime, Hume developed many theories on the following: human nature, morality, politics, and religion.
Tandem Mass Spectrometry–Based Amyloid Typing Using Manual Microdissection and Open-Source Data Processing
Authors: Phipps William S , Smith Kelly D , Yang Han-Yin , Henderson Clark M , Pflaum Hannah , Lerch Melissa L , Fondrie William E , Emrick Michelle A , Wu Christine C , MacCoss Michael J , Noble William S , Hoofnagle Andrew N 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Standard implementations of amyloid typing by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry use capabilities unavailable to most clinical laboratories. To improve accessibility of this testing, we explored easier approaches to tissue sampling and data processing.

Methods
We validated a typing method using manual sampling in place of laser microdissection, pairing the technique with a semiquantitative measure of sampling adequacy. In addition, we created an open-source data processing workflow (Crux Pipeline) for clinical users.

Results
Cases of amyloidosis spanning the major types were distinguishable with 100% specificity using measurements of individual amyloidogenic proteins or in combination with the ratio of λ and κ constant regions. Crux Pipeline allowed for rapid, batched data processing, integrating the steps of peptide identification, statistical confidence estimation, and label-free protein quantification.

Conclusions
Accurate mass spectrometry–based amyloid typing is possible without laser microdissection. To facilitate entry into solid tissue proteomics, newcomers can leverage manual sampling approaches in combination with Crux Pipeline and related tools.
Artificial intelligence in drug discovery: applications and techniques
Authors: Deng Jianyuan , Yang Zhibo , Ojima Iwao , Samaras Dimitris , Wang Fusheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has been transforming the practice of drug discovery in the past decade. Various AI techniques have been used in many drug discovery applications, such as virtual screening and drug design. In this survey, we first give an overview on drug discovery and discuss related applications, which can be reduced to two major tasks, i.e. molecular property prediction and molecule generation. We then present common data resources, molecule representations and benchmark platforms. As a major part of the survey, AI techniques are dissected into model architectures and learning paradigms. To reflect the technical development of AI in drug discovery over the years, the surveyed works are organized chronologically. We expect that this survey provides a comprehensive review on AI in drug discovery. We also provide a GitHub repository with a collection of papers (and codes, if applicable) as a learning resource, which is regularly updated.
Tiara: deep learning-based classification system for eukaryotic sequences
Authors: Karlicki Michał , Antonowicz Stanisław , Karnkowska Anna 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMotivationWith a large number of metagenomic datasets becoming available, eukaryotic metagenomics emerged as a new challenge. The proper classification of eukaryotic nuclear and organellar genomes is an essential step toward a better understanding of eukaryotic diversity.ResultsWe developed Tiara, a deep-learning-based approach for the identification of eukaryotic sequences in the metagenomic datasets. Its two-step classification process enables the classification of nuclear and organellar eukaryotic fractions and subsequently divides organellar sequences into plastidial and mitochondrial. Using the test dataset, we have shown that Tiara performed similarly to EukRep for prokaryotes classification and outperformed it for eukaryotes classification with lower calculation time. In the tests on the real data, Tiara performed better than EukRep in analyzing the small dataset representing eukaryotic cell microbiome and large dataset from the pelagic zone of oceans. Tiara is also the only available tool correctly classifying organellar sequences, which was confirmed by the recovery of nearly complete plastid and mitochondrial genomes from the test data and real metagenomic data.Availability and implementationTiara is implemented in python 3.8, available at https://github.com/ibe-uw/tiara and tested on Unix-based systems. It is released under an open-source MIT license and documentation is available at https://ibe-uw.github.io/tiara. Version 1.0.1 of Tiara has been used for all benchmarks.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Composite Score: prognostic tool to predict survival in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Frühling Petter , Urdzik Jozef , Strömberg Cecilia , Isaksson Bengt 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Several existing scoring systems predict survival of patients with colorectal liver metastases. Many lack validation, rely on old clinical data, and have been found to be less accurate since the introduction of chemotherapy. This study aimed to construct and validate a clinically relevant preoperative prognostic model for patients with colorectal liver metastases.

Methods
A predictive model with data available before surgery was developed. Survival was analysed by Cox regression analysis, and the quality of the model was assessed using discrimination and calibration. The model was validated using multifold cross-validation.

Results
The model included 1212 consecutive patients who underwent liver resection for colorectal liver metastases between 2005 and 2015. Prognostic factors for survival included advanced age, raised C-reactive protein level, hypoalbuminaemia, extended liver resection, larger number of metastases, and midgut origin of the primary tumour. A Composite Score was developed based on the prognostic variables. Patients were classified into those at low, medium, and high risk. Survival differences between the groups were significant; median overall survival was 87.4 months in the low-risk group, 50.1 months in the medium-risk group, and 22.6 months in the high-risk group. The discriminative performance, assessed by the concordance index, was 0.71, 0.67, and 0.67 respectively at 1, 3, and 5 years. Calibration, assessed graphically, was close to perfect. A multifold cross-validation of the model confirmed its internal validity (C-index 0.63 versus 0.62).

Conclusion
The Composite Score categorizes patients into risk strata, and may help identify patients who have a poor prognosis, for whom surgery is questionable.
Standard versus distal Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in patients with BMI 50–60 kg/m2: 5-year outcomes of a double-blind, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Salte Odd Bjørn Kjeldaas , Svanevik Marius , Risstad Hilde , Hofsø Dag , Blom-Høgestøl Ingvild Kristine , Johnson Line Kristin , Fagerland Morten Wang , Kristinsson Jon , Hjelmesæth Jøran , Mala Tom , Sandbu Rune 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
The optimal surgical weight loss procedure for patients with a BMI of 50 kg/m2 or more is uncertain. This study compared distal Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) with standard RYGB.

Methods
In this double-blind RCT, patients aged 18–60 years with a BMI of 50–60 kg/m2 were allocated randomly to receive standard (150 cm alimentary, 50 cm biliopancreatic limb) or distal (150 cm common channel, 50 cm biliopancreatic limb) RYGB. The primary outcome (change in BMI at 2 years) has been reported previously. Secondary outcomes 5 years after surgery, such as weight loss, health-related quality of life, and nutritional outcomes are reported.

Results
Between May 2011 and April 2013, 123 patients were randomized, 113 received an intervention, and 92 attended 5-year follow-up. Mean age was 40 (95 per cent c.i. 38 to 41) years and 73 patients (65 per cent) were women; 57 underwent standard RYGB and 56 distal RYGB. BMI was reduced by 15.1 (95 per cent c.i. 13.9 to 16.2) kg/m2 after standard and 15.7 (14.5 to 16.9) kg/m2 after distal RYGB; the between-group difference was −0.64 (−2.3 to 1.0) kg/m2 (P = 0.447). Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and haemoglobin A1c levels declined more after distal than after standard RYGB. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased more after standard RYGB. Vitamin A and vitamin D levels were lower after distal RYGB. Changes in bone mineral density, resting metabolic rate, and total energy intake were comparable.

Conclusion
Distal RYGB did not enable greater weight loss than standard RYGB. Differences in other outcomes favouring distal RYGB may not justify routine use of this procedure in patients with a BMI of 50–60 kg/m2. Registration number: NCT00821197 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Presented in part as abstract to the IFSO (International Federation for the Surgery of Obesity and Metabolic disorders) conference, Madrid, Spain, August 2019.
The Social Services of Spain after the neoliberal period: Longitudinal analysis from the perspective of Social Work (2012–2018)
Authors: Verde-Diego Carmen , Pastor-Seller Enrique , González-Rodríguez Rubén , Peláez Quero Encarna 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The article presents a longitudinal analysis of the Social Services in Spain during the period characterised by neoliberal policies (2012–2018), as well as the situation and reactions of the professional social workers. The quantitative results of three surveys promoted by the General Council of Social Work from Spain on data from 2012, 2013 and 2018 were compared. The sample allows extrapolating the results to all the social workers in Spain. There is a loss of effectiveness and a worsening of the quality of care of the social services. However, social workers do not attribute the deterioration of the system to the increased demand, but to the cuts, privatisation and outsourcing of resources. The professional discourse is critical: it departs from the narrative of punitive neoliberalism and denounces the violation of citizens’ rights. Professional practice reveals the ethical–political commitment in the system and the public militancy of social workers in Spain.
Burn injury prevention in low- and middle- income countries: scoping systematic review
Authors: Price Kate , Lee Kwang Chear , Woolley Katherine E , Falk Henry , Peck Michael , Lilford Richard , Moiemen Naiem 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Burn injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and disability, with the burden of disease being disproportionately higher in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Burn prevention programmes have led to significant reductions in the incidence of burns in high-income countries. However, a previous systematic review published in 2015 highlighted that implementation and evaluation of similar programmes has been limited in LMIC. The objective of this scoping review and narrative synthesis was to summarise and understand the initiatives that have been carried out to reduce burn injuries in LMIC and their effectiveness.

Methods
We aimed to identify publications that described studies of effectiveness of burn prevention interventions applied to any population within a LMIC and measured burn incidence or burns-related outcomes. Suitable publications were identified from three sources. Firstly, data was extracted from manuscripts identified in the systematic review published by Rybarczyk et al. We then performed a search for manuscripts on burn prevention interventions published between January 2015 and September 2020. Finally, we extracted data from two systematic reviews where burn evidence was not the primary outcome, which were identified by senior authors. A quality assessment and narrative synthesis of included manuscripts were performed.

Results
In total, 24 manuscripts were identified and categorized according to intervention type. The majority of manuscripts (n = 16) described education-based interventions. Four manuscripts focused on environmental modification interventions and four adopted a mixed-methods approach. All of the education-based initiatives demonstrated improvements in knowledge relating to burn safety or first aid, however few measured the impact of their intervention on burn incidence. Four manuscripts described population-based educational interventions and noted reductions in burn incidence. Only one of the four manuscripts describing environmental modification interventions reported burns as a primary outcome measure, noting a reduction in burn incidence. All mixed-method interventions demonstrated some positive improvements in either burn incidence or burns-related safety practices.

Conclusion
There is a lack of published literature describing large-scale burn prevention programmes in LMIC that can demonstrate sustained reductions in burn incidence. Population-level, collaborative projects are necessary to drive forward burn prevention through specific environmental or legislative changes and supplementary educational programmes.
Emotional and Behavioral Outcomes in Childhood for Survivors of Invasive Group B Streptococcus Disease in Infancy: Findings From 5 Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Chandna Jaya , Liu Wan-Hsin , Dangor Ziyaad , Leahy Shannon , Sridhar Santhanam , John Hima B , Mucasse Humberto , Bassat Quique , Bardaji Azucena , Abubakar Amina , Nasambu Carophine , Newton Charles R , Sánchez Yanotti Clara , Libster Romina , Milner Kate , Paul Proma , Lawn Joy E ,   GBS Low and Middle income Collaborative Group for Long-term Outcomes group, Madhi Shabir A , D Z , L S , Harden Lois , Ghoor Azra , Mbatha Sibongile , Lowick Sarah , Jaye Tamara , Lala Sanjay G , Sithole Pamela , Msayi Jacqueline , Kumalo Ntombifuthi , Msibi Tshepiso Nompumelelo , S S , J H B , Arumugam Asha , Murugesan Nandhini , Rajendraprasad Nandhini , Priya Mohana , A A , N C , Adan Adam Mabrouk , Katana Patrick Vidzo , Mwangome Eva , N C R , B Q , Bardají Azucena , Bramugy Justina , M H , Massora Sergio , L R , Y C S , Medina Valeria , Rojas Andrea , Amado Daniel , Llapur Conrado J , M A K 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Survivors of invasive group B Streptococcus (iGBS) disease, notably meningitis, are at increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairment. However, the limited studies to date have a median follow-up to 18 months and have mainly focused on moderate or severe neurodevelopmental impairment, with no previous studies on emotional-behavioral problems among iGBS survivors.

Methods
In this multicountry, matched cohort study, we included children aged 18 months to 17 years with infant iGBS sepsis and meningitis from health demographic surveillance systems, or hospital records in Argentina, India, Kenya, Mozambique, and South Africa. Children without an iGBS history were matched to iGBS survivors for sex and age. Our primary outcomes were emotional-behavioral problems and psychopathological conditions as measured with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The CBCL was completed by the child’s primary caregiver.

Results
Between October 2019 and April 2021, 573 children (mean age, 7.18 years) were assessed, including 156 iGBS survivors and 417 non-iGBS comparison children. On average, we observed more total problems and more anxiety, attention, and conduct problems for school-aged iGBS survivors compared with the non-iGBS group. No differences were found in the proportion of clinically significant psychopathological conditions defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition).

Conclusions
Our findings suggested that school-aged iGBS survivors experienced increased mild emotional behavioral problems that may affect children and families. At-risk neonates including iGBS survivors need long-term follow-up with integrated emotional-behavioral assessments and appropriate care. Scale-up will require simplified assessments that are free and culturally adapted.