bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prior antiviral treatment and mortality among patients with hepatitis C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: A national cohort study
Authors: Sinn Dong Hyun , Kang Danbee , Hong Yun Soo , Koh Kwang Cheol , Guallar Eliseo , Cho Juhee , Gwak Geum-Youn 
Published: August 2021

Background
The current antiviral treatments available for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection decrease the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hence, patients with HCV infection who have not received antiviral treatment and have developed HCC may be those who missed timely antiviral treatment for HCV. However, the proportion of patients who missed timely antiviral treatment and its implications are largely unexplored.

Methods
A nationwide retrospective cohort of 4,592 newly diagnosed HCV-related HCC patients (2013–2017) was identified from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Prior antiviral treatment for HCV was defined as a history of at least one HCV-specific antiviral treatment before HCC diagnosis. The outcome was all-cause mortality.

Results
Prior antiviral treatment for HCV was identified in 802 (17.4%) patients, and 16%, 16%, 17%, 19%, and 19% of patients received antiviral treatment in the years 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively (P = 0.21). During 8,085 person-years of follow-up (median, 1.4; maximum, 5.3 years of follow-up), 1,970 patients died. Mortality rates were lower in patients with prior antiviral treatment (15 deaths/100 person-years) than in those without prior antiviral treatment (27 deaths/100 person-years). The adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) for all-cause mortality on comparing patients who did and did not receive prior antiviral treatment was 0.68 (0.59, 0.79).

Conclusion
Timely antiviral treatment for HCV was suboptimal at the population level. Prior antiviral treatment for HCV reduced mortality rate in HCV-related HCC patients. Intensive HCV control strategies are needed to reduce the number of patients with HCV infection who miss timely HCV treatment.
Innovative Costume of the 21st Century: The Next Generation, Dmitry Rodionov, curated by A.A. Bakhrushin Museum
Authors: Lynch Julie 
Published: August 2021

Innovative Costume of the 21st Century: The Next Generation, Dmitry Rodionov, curated by A.A. Bakhrushin Museum
State Historical Museum, A.A. Bakhrushin State Central Theatre Museum, Center for Contemporary Art MARS Moscow, Russia, 17 June–2 October 2019
FARMERS EMPOWERMENT ON FOOD SECURITY PROGRAM IN ENGGAL MAJU FARMERS GROUP ASSOCIATION OF KEBUMEN REGENCY
Authors: Muhtarom Ahmad , Djuharyanto Teguh , Sulaiman Adhi Iman 
Published: August 2021

Agriculture is a strategic sector in national development because it plays an important role infood availability and realizes food security. The Farmer's attitude is one of the determining aspects toinvolvement farmers in empowerment programs for food security. A research, aiming to describe thefarmer's attitude and analyze the farmer's attitudes and the influence factors that influence the farmer'sattitudes on the food security empowerment program. The research used mixed method, the number ofresearch respondents was 60 farmers members of the farmer's group association Enggal Maju KebumenDistrict, determined by cluster random sampling, and for qualitative data, the informants were selectedpurposively. The Farmer's attitude analyzed with descriptive analysis and the influence factors offarmers' attitude used multiple linear regression analysis. Farmer's attitude analyzed with descriptiveanalysis and the influence factors of farmer's attitude used multiple linear regression analysis. Theresult show that the farmer's attitudes in terms of cognitive, affective, and conative components towardthe objectives program were high, farmer's attitudes towards, the target, implementation, and benefits ofthe program were very highly classified. Farm size, personal experience, and the influence of the important people were a significant effect on the farmer's attitudes in food security empowermentprograms. The need to maximize the function of farmer’s groups, consistency of extension workers,agencies and heads of Gapoktan assist and guide farmers so that the sustainability of activities ismaintained
FACTORS AFFECTING LOCAL CASSAVA PRODUCTION JALAK TOWO IN KARANGANYAR REGENCY
Authors: Puspita Maria Vegasari Dian , Barokah Umi , Agustono Agustono 
Published: August 2021

Cassava is one of Indonesia's local food which ranks third largest after paddy and corn. CentralJava Province ranks second in producing cassava in Indonesia. One of the regencies / cities that has thepotential to be developed in cassava farming is Karanganyar Regency. Karanganyar Regency has acassava variety called Jalak Towo. Jalak towo has a softer texture compared to other cassava.Thisstudy aim were determine the factors of production that affect the production of jalak towo cassava inKaranganyar Regency and its optimization analysis. The basic method used in this research wasdescriptive and analytical methods. The research location was Tawangmangu Subdistrict and JatiyosoSubdistrict as sub-districts producing jalak towo cassava in Karanganyar Regency. Sampling in thisstudy using a random sampling method with a total of 60 respondents consisting of 30 people at eachlocation. Data analysis methods used include: cobb-douglas production function analysis, varyingmodel parameter analysis and optimization analysis. The results of this study indicate that the factorsthat influence the production of jalak towo cassava are land area, experience, manure, urea fertilizer,age of the farmer, and location. Production factors that affect cassava production from the analysis ofvarying model parameters in Kec. Tawangmangu is the area ofland, manure, urea fertilizer, age of the farmer, and labor, while in Kec. Jatiyoso is land area and age. The results of the optimization analysisshowed that the combination of the use of production factors in Tawangmangu and Jatiyoso Subistrictsware not optimal.
Efficient and optimized six- port MIMO antenna system for 5G smartphones
Authors: Rajesh Kumar D. , Venkat Babu G. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this paper, six-port MIMO antenna is presented for 5G mobile handsets. The proposed six-port antenna array is designed by making four L shaped monopole slots at four corners and two at the middle side edges of the ground plane which is printed on the backside of 0.8 mm thick FR4 substrate. High isolation (>−18 dB) between any pair of antenna elements is achieved without deploying dedicated isolation enhancing mechanisms. The antenna is working from 3.4–3.6 GHz (LTE Band 42) with 200 MHz bandwidth in the 2:1 VSWR (−10 dB impedance bandwidth). The proposed six-port MIMO antenna array is fabricated and measured. Significant radiation efficiency is obtained from 70 to 74 % in desired band of operation. Further, the MIMO parameters such as Envelope Correlation Co-efficient (ECC), Channel Capacity, Channel Capacity Loss (CLL) and Total Active Reflection Co-Efficient (TARC) are calculated. The robustness of the antenna is estimated by analyzing the user hand effects and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR). The measured results are well agreed with the simulated results.
Evidence against a link between learning phonotactics and learning phonological alternations
Authors: Do Youngah , Yeung Ping Hei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPhonological alternations often happen to conform to phonotactic regularities, from which a single mechanism for phonotactics and alternations has been claimed. We note, however, that empirical evidence supporting the link between phonotactics and alternations comes only from English native speakers whose first language (L1) does exhibit phonotactically motivated alternation patterns. This article examines whether the link between phonotactics and alternations is universally available. To do so, we test learning of phonotactics and alternations with Cantonese native speakers, whose L1 provides no evidence for or against the link. We address learning of a vowel harmony pattern through the use of three artificial languages; one with a harmony pattern both within and across stems, another with a harmony pattern only across stems; and the other with a disharmony pattern within stems but harmony across stems. Learners successfully acquired harmony phonotactics according to input patterns, but they showed no difference in learning alternation patterns across the three languages. Our results suggest that the link between phonotactics and alternations might be language-specific: Only upon receiving L1 evidence, learners can use a unified mechanism to encode phonotactics and alternations.
Strategizing assessment to support emerging bilingual students: a focus on the home language
Authors: Nieto David , Nguyen Annie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Both educators and students in the United States feel the continuous pressure to improve achievement scores as a form of validation for their work and success. However, emerging bilingual (EBs) learners encounter barriers within assessments that break the assumptions of validity, reliability, and fairness and prevent them from demonstrating their true knowledge. This is worsened when assumptions about EBs' academic capacity are extracted from those assessment results. This paper focuses on the use of assessment for and as learning for emerging bilingual (EB) students. Specific attention is given to the use of the students' home language as a resource in evaluating their knowledge and how teachers may address some of the inequitable practices to prepare EBs not only to be successful academically, but to demonstrate it in today's assessment world.
Dynamical behavior of a P-dimensional system of nonlinear difference equations
Authors: Halim Yacine , Allam Asma , Bengueraichi Zineb 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we study the periodicity, the boundedness of the solutions, and the global asymptotic stability of the positive equilibrium of the system of p nonlinear difference equations

x

n
+
1

(
1
)

=
A
+

x

n
−
1

(
1
)

x

n

(
p
)

,

x

n
+
1

(
2
)

=
A
+

x

n
−
1

(
2
)

x

n

(
p
)

,

…
,

x

n
+
1

(
p
−
1
)

=
A
+

x

n
−
1

(
p
−
1
)

x

n

(
p
)

,

x

n
+
1

(
p
)

=
A
+

x

n
−
1

(
p
)

x

n

(
p
−
1
)

$$\begin{equation*}x^{(1)}_{n+1}=A+\dfrac{x^{(1)}_{n-1}}{x^{(p)}_{n}},\quad x^{(2)}_{n+1}=A+\dfrac{x^{(2)}_{n-1}}{x^{(p)}_{n}},\quad\ldots,\quad x^{(p-1)}_{n+1}=A+\dfrac{x^{(p-1)}_{n-1}}{x^{(p)}_{n}},\quad x^{(p)}_{n+1}=A+\dfrac{x^{(p)}_{n-1}}{x^{(p-1)}_{n}}
\end{equation*}
$$

where n ∈ ℕ0, p ≥ 3 is an integer, A ∈ (0, +∞) and the initial conditions

x

−
1

(
j
)

$x_{-1}^{(j)}$

,

x

0

(
j
)

$x_{0}^{(j)}$

, j = 1, 2, …, p are positive numbers.
Impact of different types of non linearity on the oscillatory behavior of higher order neutral difference equations
Authors: Bhuyan Ajit Kumar , Padhy Laxmi Narayan , Rath Radhanath 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this article, sufficient conditions are obtained so that every solution of the neutral difference equationΔm(yn−pnL(yn−s))+qnG(yn−k)=0,$$\begin{equation*}\Delta^{m}\big(y_n-p_n L(y_{n-s})\big) + q_nG(y_{n-k})=0, \end{equation*}$$or every unbounded solution ofΔm(yn−pnL(yn−s))+qnG(yn−k)−unH(yα(n))=0,n≥n0,$$\begin{equation*}\Delta^{m}\big(y_n-p_n L(y_{n-s})\big) + q_nG(y_{n-k})-u_nH(y_{\alpha(n)})=0,\quad n\geq n_0, \end{equation*}$$oscillates, wherem=2 is any integer, Δ is the forward difference operator given by Δyn=yn+1−yn; Δmyn= Δ(Δm−1yn) and other parameters have their usual meaning. The non linear functionL∈C(ℝ, ℝ) inside the operator Δmincludes the caseL(x) =x. Different types of super linear and sub linear conditions are imposed onGto prevent the solution approaching zero or ±∞. Further, all the three possible cases,pn≥ 0,pn≤ 0 andpnchanging sign, are considered. The results of this paper generalize and extend some known results.
The sine extended odd Fréchet-G family of distribution with applications to complete and censored data
Authors: Jamal Farrukh , Chesneau Christophe , Aidi Khaoula 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce the sine extended odd Fréchet-G family of distributions, obtained from two well-established families of distributions of completely different nature: the sine-G and the extended odd Fréchet-G families. A particular focus is put on a very flexible member of this family defin ed with the Nadarajah-Haghighi distribution as a baseline, called the sine extended odd Fréchet Nadarajah-Haghighi distribution. For the theoretical part, the interesting mathematical properties of the family are investigated, including asymptotes, quantile function, linear representations and moments, with application to the introduced special member. Then, the inferential aspects of the sine extended odd Fréchet Nadarajah-Haghighi model are examined. In particular, the parameters are estimated by the maximum likelihood method. Two complementary cases are distinguished: the complete data case and the right censored data case, with the development of appropriate statistical tests. A simulation study is carried out to illustrate the convergence of the obtained estimates. Applications are given for three practicaldata sets, including one having the right censored property, illustrating the applicability of the proposed model.
Social Rules and Household Interactions Within the LBK: Long-Standing Debates, New Perspectives
Authors: Hamon Caroline , Gomart Louise 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWithin Linearbandkeramik (LBK) studies, several models of social structure and organisation have been debated since the 1960s, influenced by several major anthropological theories that even today guide the debates. We discuss here the notion of social interactions in LBK contexts by focusing on the primary form of LBK social unit: the household. Assuming that the solutions found by the LBK communities to navigate their ambivalent position regarding sedentism and mobility probably formed the basis of their social organisation, social networks would have played a crucial role in ensuring the longevity and spread of the LBK culture. The village pioneer stage crystallises several core mechanisms of LBK society and is particularly relevant for assessing the dynamic processes involved in the fundamental social interactions that structure LBK societies. Invoking rather the “hofplatz” or the “ward” models, the coexistence of different groups attached to specific expressions of identity within the same settlements was highlighted and led to several hypotheses of social organisation putting clan or lineage structures at the foreground. Differentiation or inequalities between individuals and groups were also debated, even recently based on new technological and bioarchaeological data. In the frame of the current ANR Homes project, our goal is to test the reliability of these models based on an evidence-based approach and deepen the economical model we recently proposed.
Primary hyperparathyroidism associated with acquired long QT interval and ventricular tachycardia
Authors: Muzurović Emir , Medenica Sanja , Kalezić Milovan , Pavlović Siniša 
Published: August 2021

Summary
We present a 54-year-old patient admitted to the emergency department due to loss of consciousness. The initial ECG registered monomorphic ventricular extrasystoles and prolonged QT interval (QT corrected (QTc) >500 ms). Sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) was registered on 24-h Holter ECG monitoring, which clinically was presented as a crisis of consciousness. Coronary angiography and other visualization methods were normal. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation was planned for the purpose of secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Laboratory and hormonal analyzes revealed primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), chronic kidney disease, and hypokalemia. Neck ultrasound showed a 25 mm, sharply outlined homogenous tumor mass which was separated from thyroid gland (TG) and exerted a mild impression on lower parts of the left lobe. Dual wash technetium-99m sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy with single-photon emission CT (SPECT)/CT also showed the uptake of tracer behind the lower half of the left lobe of the TG. Surgical treatment, lower left parathyroidectomy, was performed, and pathohistological analysis verified parathyroid adenoma. The patient was rhythmically and hemodynamically stable for 7 days after surgery, without additional complaints, and was discharged from the hospital. Timely diagnosis of PHPT, correct assessment and surgical treatment, did not lead our patient to unnecessary ICD implantation. Our case suggests an additional intertwining of electrolyte disorders and ventricular arrhythmias in PHPT and more importantly emphasizes the need for caution when indicating ICD, even in patients with the most serious life-threatening arrhythmias.

Learning points

Electrolyte abnormalities in PHPT can have highly malignant consequences, and the occurrence of hypokalemia in the presence of hypercalcemia is underestimated in PHPT, and the consequences can be life-threatening.

Although hypercalcemia causes shortened QT interval, concomitant severe hypokalemia may overcome hypercalcemia and prolong QT interval, even in the absence of structural heart disease or LQTS.

Timely diagnosis of PHPT, correct assessment and surgical treatment, do not lead to unnecessary ICD implantation.
Metabolic effects of brown fat in transitioning from hyperthyroidism to euthyroidism
Authors: Sun Lijuan , Goh Hui Jen , Verma Sanjay , Govindharajulu Priya , Sadananthan Suresh Anand , Michael Navin , Jadegoud Yaligar , Henry Christiani Jeyakumar , Velan S Sendhil , Yeo Pei Shan , Lee Yingshan , Lim Brenda Su Ping , Liew Huiling , Chew Chee Kian , Quek Timothy Peng Lim , Abdul Shakoor Shaikh A K K , Hoi Wai Han , Chan Siew Pang , Chew Daniel Ek , Dalan Rinkoo , Leow Melvin Khee Shing 
Published: August 2021

Objective
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) controls metabolic rate through thermogenesis. As its regulatory factors during the transition from hyperthyroidism to euthyroidism are not well established, our study investigated the relationships between supraclavicular brown adipose tissue (sBAT) activity and physiological/metabolic changes with changes in thyroid status.

Design
Participants with newly diagnosed Graves’ disease were recruited. A thionamide antithyroid drug (ATD) such as carbimazole (CMZ) or thiamazole (TMZ) was prescribed in every case. All underwent energy expenditure (EE) measurement and supraclavicular infrared thermography (IRT) within a chamber calorimeter, as well as 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron-emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) imaging scanning, with clinical and biochemical parameters measured during hyperthyroidism and repeated in early euthyroidism. PET sBAT mean/maximum standardized uptake value (SUV mean/max), MR supraclavicular fat fraction (sFF) and mean temperature (Tscv) quantified sBAT activity.

Results
Twenty-one (16 female/5 male) participants aged 39.5 ± 2.5 years completed the study. The average duration to attain euthyroidism was 28.6 ± 2.3 weeks. Eight participants were BAT-positive while 13 were BAT-negative. sFF increased with euthyroidism (72.3 ± 1.4% to 76.8 ± 1.4%; P < 0.01), but no changes were observed in PET SUV mean and Tscv. Significant changes in serum-free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels were related to BAT status (interaction P value = 0.04). FT3 concentration at hyperthyroid state was positively associated with sBAT PET SUV mean (r = 0.58, P = 0.01) and resting metabolic rate (RMR) (P < 0.01).

Conclusion
Hyperthyroidism does not consistently lead to a detectable increase in BAT activity. FT3 reduction during the transition to euthyroidism correlated with BAT activity.
Crystalline materials for quantum computing: Semiconductor heterostructures and topological insulators exemplars
Authors: Scappucci G. , Taylor P. J. , Williams J. R. , Ginley T. , Law S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHigh-purity crystalline solid-state materials play an essential role in various technologies for quantum information processing, from qubits based on spins to topological states. New and improved crystalline materials emerge each year and continue to drive new results in experimental quantum science. This article summarizes the opportunities for a selected class of crystalline materials for qubit technologies based on spins and topological states and the challenges associated with their fabrication. We start by describing semiconductor heterostructures for spin qubits in gate-defined quantum dots and benchmark GaAs, Si, and Ge, the three platforms that demonstrated two-qubit logic. We then examine novel topologically nontrivial materials and structures that might be incorporated into superconducting devices to create topological qubits. We review topological insulator thin films and move onto topological crystalline materials, such as PbSnTe, and its integration with Josephson junctions. We discuss advances in novel and specialized fabrication and characterization techniques to enable these. We conclude by identifying the most promising directions where advances in these material systems will enable progress in qubit technology.
Hand trauma in English domestic professional county cricket
Authors: Ribbans Bill , Chaudhry Shiraz , Goudriaan Barry 
Published: August 2021

Background: Hand trauma is a frequent and disabling injury in cricket. However, there is limited published data on its impact on the sport at the elite level.
Objectives: This study investigated the incidence and mechanism of hand injuries in professional cricket over a decade and the impact of these injuries upon player availability.
Methods: A retrospective hand injury review at Northampton County Cricket Club (NCCC) over 10 years (2009-2018) was performed. All hand injuries had been contemporaneously documented. They were analysed for cause of injury, treatment, and time away from competitive play.
Results: There were 45 hand injuries in total. Eleven percent needed surgical intervention. These hand injuries required a total recovery time of 1561 days, and in-season 1416 days were lost from competitive play. The injuries requiring surgery were unavailable for 229 total days during the season. A player had an annual 18% risk of sustaining a hand injury requiring time away from the sport and resulting in a 4% reduction in playing resources during a season.
Conclusion: Hand injuries have major implications for player selection during the cricket season and place a potential burden upon the entire squad and the team’s success.