bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical enrichment research for captive fish: Time to focus on the DETAILS
Authors: Jones Nick A. R. , Webster Mike M. , Salvanes Anne Gro Vea 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGrowing research effort has shown that physical enrichment (PE) can improve fish welfare and research validity. However, the inclusion of PE does not always result in positive effects and conflicting findings have highlighted the many nuances involved. Effects are known to depend on species and life stage tested, but effects may also vary with differences in the specific items used as enrichment between and within studies. Reporting fine‐scale characteristics of items used as enrichment in studies may help to reveal these factors. We conducted a survey of PE‐focused studies published in the last 5 years to examine the current state of methodological reporting. The survey results suggest that some aspects of enrichment are not adequately detailed. For example, the amount and dimensions of objects used as enrichment were frequently omitted. Similarly, the ecological relevance, or other justification, for enrichment items was frequently not made explicit. Focusing on ecologically relevant aspects of PE and increasing the level of detail reported in studies may benefit future work and we propose a framework with the acronym DETAILS (Dimensions, Ecological rationale, Timing of enrichment, Amount, Inputs, Lighting and Social environment). We outline the potential importance of each of the elements of this framework with the hope it may aid in the level of reporting and standardization across studies, ultimately aiding the search for more beneficial types of PE and the development of our understanding and ability to improve the welfare of captive fish and promote more biologically relevant behaviour.
The relationship between water‐holding capacities of soybean–whey mixed protein and ice crystal size for ice cream
Authors: Liu Yayong , Liu Aiguo , Liu Lizeng , Kan Zhuorui , Wang Weijia 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the water‐holding properties of a mixture of whey protein (WP) and soy protein (SP) (WP–SP) and their effect on ice crystal size using low‐field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF‐NMR) and freezing microscopy techniques. The size of ice crystals determines the perceived quality of ice cream. Furthermore, the addition of plant protein facilitates the study of the water‐holding properties of mixed proteins and limits the size of ice crystals. WP and SP proteins were mixed in different ratios (10:0–0:10), the water‐holding capacity was measured by LF‐NMR, and the size of the ice crystals observed by freezing microscopy. The results showed that the water‐holding capacity of the mixed proteins increased with increasing SP content. A mixed protein ratio of 3:7 had the highest water‐holding capacity but also displayed a strong inhibitory effect on the size of the ice crystals formed. Hence, the ice crystal area of SP solution alone was 128.96 μm2 with an average diameter of 11.74 μm, and, in contrast, a mixed protein ratio of 3:7 had an ice crystal area of 79.49 μm2, and an average diameter of 8.61 μm.Practical ApplicationsThe study provides insight into the design of an ice cream formula to assist with the industrial production of ice cream products of improved quality and consumer appeal.
Technical assessment of reverse osmosis for concentration of fresh tea leaf extract
Authors: Lai Quoc Dat , Doan Ngoc Thuc Trinh , Nguyen Hoang Dung 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper focused on the concentration of waste fresh tea leaf extract, byproduct of tea processing, by application of reverse osmosis. The concentration was carried out by plate and frame crossflow system equipped HR98PP membrane, operating as concentration mode with full recirculation of retentate. Results show that permeate flux increased with increase in operating pressure. Modeling of permeate flux based on osmotic pressure model at 30 and 40 bar of operating pressure was proposed. Hermia's model was applied for analyzed the membrane fouling in operation process. Good agreement between complete pore blocking model and experimental data was found. The recovery yields and contents of total solid (TS), total polyphenols (PPs) and antioxidant capacity (AC), consequently effectiveness, at 40 bar of operating pressure were higher than those at 30 bar. At 40 bar of operating pressure and 7.57 of concentration factor, the recovery yields of TS, PPs, and AC were 83.7, 85.1, and 79.6%, respectively. Contents of TS, PPs, and AC in retentate and permeate were 64.62 and 1.91 g/L; 25.82 and 0.61 g GAE/L; 97.87 and 3.35 mM TEAC, respectively. Maximum theoretical content of TS at 40 bar was estimated as 341 g/L. Results imply that it is potential to apply reverse osmosis for concentration of waste fresh tea leaf extract to produce instant powder with high content of polyphenols.Practical applications
The concentration of waste fresh tea leaf extract by reverse osmosis membrane
Modeling of permeate flux in reverse osmosis
Fouling mechanism was analyzed by Hermia's model.
Recovery yields and contents of total solid, total polyphenols and antioxidant capacity in concentrate against concentration factor were estimated.
Cannabinoid Receptor 1 associates to different molecular complexes during GABAergic neuron maturation
Authors: Molina‐Holgado Eduardo , Paniagua‐Torija Beatriz , Arevalo‐Martin Angel , Moreno‐Luna Rafael , Esteban Pedro F. , Le Minh Quynh Uyen , Del Cerro Maria del Mar , Garcia‐Ovejero Daniel 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCB1 cannabinoid receptor is widely expressed in the central nervous system of animals from late prenatal development to adulthood. Appropriate activation and signaling of CB1 cannabinoid receptors in cortical interneurons are crucial during perinatal/postnatal ages and adolescence, when long‐lasting changes in brain activity may elicit subsequent appearance of disorders in the adult brain. Here we used an optimized immunoprecipitation protocol based on specific antibodies followed by shot‐gun proteomics to find CB1 interacting partners in postnatal rat GABAergic cortical neurons in vitro at two different stages of maturation. Besides describing new proteins associated with CB1 like dihydrolipoyllysine‐residue acetyltransferase component of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (DLAT), fatty acid synthase (FASN), tyrosine 3‐monooxygenase/tryptophan 5‐monooxygenase activation protein zeta (YWHAZ), voltage‐dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), myosin phosphatase Rho‐interacting protein (MPRIP) or usher syndrome type‐1C protein‐binding protein 1 (USHBP1), we show that the signaling complex of CB1 is different between maturational stages. Interestingly, the CB1 signaling complex is enriched at the more immature stage in mitochondrial associated proteins and metabolic molecular functions, whereas at more mature stage, CB1 complex is increased in maturation and synaptic‐associated proteins. We describe also interacting partners specifically immunoprecipitated with either N‐terminal or C‐terminal CB1 directed antibodies. Our results highlight new players that may be affected by altered cannabinoid signaling at this critical window of postnatal cortical development.
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Gerald Lincoln: A man for all seasons
Authors: Ebling Francis J. P. , Fletcher John , Hazlerigg David G. , Loudon Andrew S. I. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractGerald Anthony Lincoln died after a short illness on 15 July 2020 at the age of 75 years. Gerald was Emeritus Professor of Biological Timing at Edinburgh University and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. He was an outstanding scientist and naturalist who was a seminal figure in developing our understanding of the neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying seasonal rhythmicity. This review considers his life and some of his major scientific contributions to our understanding of seasonality, photoperiodism and circannual rhythmicity. It is based on a presentation at the online 2nd annual seasonality symposium (2 October 2020) that was supported financially by the Journal of Neuroendocrinology.
Neuroendocrine changes in the hypothalamic‐neurohypophysial system in the Wistar audiogenic rat (WAR) strain submitted to audiogenic kindling
Authors: Valentim‐Lima Evandro , de Oliveira José Antônio Cortes , Antunes‐Rodrigues Jose. , Reis Luis Carlos , Garcia‐Cairasco Norberto , Mecawi Andre S. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Wistar audiogenic rat (WAR) strain is used as an animal model of epilepsy, which when submitted to acute acoustic stimulus presents tonic‐clonic seizures, mainly dependent on brainstem (mesencephalic) structures. However, when WARs are exposed to chronic acoustic stimuli (audiogenic kindling–AK), they usually present tonic‐clonic seizures, followed by limbic seizures, after recruitment of forebrain structures such as the cortex, hippocampus and amygdala. Although some studies have reported that hypothalamic‐hypophysis function is also altered in WAR through modulating vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OXT) secretion, the role of these neuropeptides in epilepsy still is controversial. We analyzed the impact of AK and consequent activation of mesencephalic neurocircuits and the recruitment of forebrain limbic (LiR) sites on the hypothalamic‐neurohypophysial system and expression of Avpr1a and Oxtr in these structures. At the end of the AK protocol, nine out of 18 WARs presented LiR. Increases in both plasma vasopressin and oxytocin levels were observed in WAR when compared to Wistar rats. These results were correlated with an increase in the expressions of heteronuclear (hn) and messenger (m) RNA for Oxt in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in WARs submitted to AK that presented LiR. In the paraventricular nucleus, the hnAvp and mAvp expressions increased in WARs with and without LiR, respectively. There were no significant differences in Avp and Oxt expression in supraoptic nuclei (SON). Also, there was a reduction in the Avpr1a expression in the central nucleus of the amygdala and frontal lobe in the WAR strain. In the inferior colliculus, Avpr1a expression was lower in WARs after AK, especially those without LiR. Our results indicate that both AK and LiR in WARs lead to changes in the hypothalamic‐neurohypophysial system and its receptors, providing a new molecular basis to better understaind epilepsy.
Cortical and trabecular bone structure of the hominoid capitate
Authors: Bird Emma E. , Kivell Tracy L. , Skinner Matthew M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMorphological variation in the hominoid capitate has been linked to differences in habitual locomotor activity due to its importance in movement and load transfer at the midcarpal joint proximally and carpometacarpal joints distally. Although the shape of bones and their articulations are linked to joint mobility, the internal structure of bones has been shown experimentally to reflect, at least in part, the loading direction and magnitude experienced by the bone. To date, it is uncertain whether locomotor differences among hominoids are reflected in the bone microarchitecture of the capitate. Here, we apply a whole‐bone methodology to quantify the cortical and trabecular architecture (separately and combined) of the capitate across bipedal (modernHomo sapiens), knuckle‐walking (Pan paniscus,Pan troglodytes,Gorillasp.), and suspensory (Pongosp.) hominoids (n = 69). It is hypothesized that variation in bone microarchitecture will differentiate these locomotor groups, reflecting differences in habitual postures and presumed loading force and direction. Additionally, it is hypothesized that trabecular and cortical architecture in the proximal and distal regions, as a result of being part of mechanically divergent joints proximally and distally, will differ across these portions of the capitate. Results indicate that the capitate of knuckle‐walking and suspensory hominoids is differentiated from bipedalHomoprimarily by significantly thicker distal cortical bone. Knuckle‐walking taxa are further differentiated from suspensory and bipedal taxa by more isotropic trabeculae in the proximal capitate. An allometric analysis indicates that size is not a significant determinate of bone variation across hominoids, although sexual dimorphism may influence some parameters withinGorilla. Results suggest that internal trabecular and cortical bone is subjected to different forces and functional adaptation responses across the capitate (and possibly other short bones). Additionally, while separating trabecular and cortical bone is normal protocol of current whole‐bone methodologies, this study shows that when applied to carpals, removing or studying the cortical bone separately potentially obfuscates functionally relevant signals in bone structure.
Prevalence of distress, its associated factors and referral to support services in people with cancer
Authors: Kirk Deborah , Kabdebo Istvan , Whitehead Lisa 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo (i) characterise prevalence of distress amongst people diagnosed with cancer, (ii) determine factors associated with increasing distress, (iii) describe reported problems for those with clinically significant distress and (iv) investigate the factors associated with referral to support services.BackgroundInternational studies report a high prevalence of clinically significant distress in people with cancer. Australian studies are notably lacking. Additionally, clinicians still do not fully understand the factors associated with cancer‐related distress.DesignPeriod prevalence study.MethodsDistress screening data were analysed for 1,071 people accessing the Cancer Council Western Australia information and support line between 01/01/2016–31/12/2018. These data included people's demographics, cancer diagnoses, level of distress, reported problems and the service to which they were referred. Distress and reported problems were measured using the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Thermometer and Problem List. A partial proportional logistic regression model was constructed to determine which factors were associated with increasing levels of distress. Standard binary logistic regression models were used to investigate factors associated with referral to support services. The STROBE checklist was followed.ResultsPrevalence of clinically significant distress was high. Self‐reported depression, sadness, worry and a lack of control over treatment decisions were significantly associated with increasing distress. Emotional problems were the most prevalent problems for people with clinically significant distress. Most people were referred to emotional health services, with depression, fatigue, living regionally and higher socioeconomic status associated with referral.ConclusionsEmotional problems such as depression, sadness and worry are associated with increasing levels of distress.Relevance to clinical practiceNot all factors associated with referral to support services were those associated with increasing levels of distress. This suggests that other factors may be more influential to referral decisions.
Effect of patient‐centred self‐management programme on mental health, self‐efficacy and self‐management of patients with hypertensive nephropathy: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lee Mei‐Chen , Wu Shu‐Fang Vivienne , Lu Kuo‐Cheng , Wang Wen‐Hug , Chen Yen‐Yen , Chen Hui‐Mei 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAim and objectivesTo evaluate the effect of patient‐centred self‐management programme on mental health, self‐efficacy and self‐management of patients with hypertensive nephropathy.BackgroundIf the symptoms of hypertension are not well‐controlled, deterioration of renal function will accelerate and evolve into hypertensive nephropathy.DesignA randomised single‐blind trial. This article follows the requirements of CONSORT statement.MethodsThe experimental group (n = 35) after pre‐test used patient‐centred self‐management programme once a week for a total of 4 weeks and the intervention effect was measured after 3 months for post‐test. Contrarily, the traditional care was employed for the control group (n = 35). The measuring outcomes included mental health, self‐efficacy and self‐management. Trial registry is listed under https://clinicaltrials.gov/ with Identifier No. NCT04633993.ResultsAfter the intervention, the average score of mental health for the experimental group was 20.79 (SD = 0.82) which was higher than the 19.27 points for the control group (SD = 0.77) and showed a significant difference (F = 8.31, p = .005, partial eta2 = 0.133). In terms of self‐efficacy, the average score for the experimental group was 214.13 (SD = 6.40), which was higher than the 189.58 points for the control group (SD = 6.03) and exhibited a significant difference (F = 11.82, p = .001, partial eta2 = 0.197). Regarding self‐management, the average score of the experimental group was 75.12 (SD = 2.29) which was significantly higher than the 68.80 points of the control group (SD = 2.43) (F = 11.17, p = .001, partial eta2 = 0.190).ConclusionsIn addition to promoting mental health of individual cases, this intervention also increases their self‐confidence in disease control and improves their self‐management on diseases.Relevance to clinical practiceThe intervention provides an effective option for clinical care workers as a replacement for or supplement to the traditional care.
Intracranial dolichoectasia in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease: Results from the MYRIAD study
Authors: Del Brutto Victor J. , Prabhakaran Shyam , Liebeskind David S. , Campo‐Bustillo Iszet , Cotsonis George , Nizam Azhar , Romano Jose G. ,   of the MYRIAD Investigators
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackground and PurposeIt is unknown whether intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD), in addition to causing stenosis, also associates with abnormal arterial enlargement, a condition known as intracranial dolichoectasia (IDE). Across symptomatic ICAD patients, we aim to determine IDE prevalence and IDE impact on cerebral hemodynamics and recurrent cerebral ischemia.MethodsWe analyzed 98 participants (mean age 63.811.9 years, 56.1% men) of the prospective observational study MYRIAD. Participants were enrolled within 21 days of an ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack caused by moderate‐to‐severe ICAD. Semi‐automatic vessel segmentation was used to determine diameters, length, and tortuosity‐index of proximal intracranial arteries. Either ectasia (increased diameter) or dolichosis (increased length or TI) defined IDE. We assessed IDE association with new infarcts during 12‐month follow‐up, and IDE correlation with cerebral hemodynamics determined by quantitative MR‐angiography (QMRA), MR‐perfusion weighted‐imaging, and transcranial Doppler breath‐holding index.ResultsIDE was present in 35.7% of patients and 10.2% of symptomatic arteries. Basilar stenosis was associated with higher IDE prevalence (27.8% vs. 8.8%,p= 0.04), whereas other symptomatic arteries showed no association with IDE. Symptomatic arteries with IDE had lower hypoperfusion prevalence on MR‐PWI (11.1% vs. 28.4%,p= 0.03). Increased diameter (r= 0.33,p<0.01) and tortuosity‐index (r= 0.29,p= 0.01) showed positive correlation with QMRA flow rate. IDE was not associated with new infarcts during follow‐up.ConclusionsIDE was common among symptomatic ICAD patients. IDE was not associated with stroke recurrence. Instead, increased diameter and tortuosity correlated with improved blood flow across the stenotic artery, suggesting that IDE may originate as an adaptive mechanism in ICAD.
Growth performances, nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation and energy partition of Thai native steers fed exclusive rice straw and fermented sugarcane bagasse with Lactobacillus, cellulase and molasses
Authors: So Sarong , Cherdthong Anusorn , Wanapat Metha 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe study aimed to evaluate the effect of sugarcane bagasse feeding treated with Lactobacillus casei TH14 (L. casei TH14), cellulase and molasses (BG) on nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation, energy partition and growth performances of Thai native steers compared to conventional feeding of rice straw (RS). Eight Thai native steers (144 ± 19.5 kg of initial body weight) were randomly allocated to two roughage sources in a completed randomized design: RS (n = 4) and BG (n = 4). The feeding trial lasted for 90 days plus 21 days for treatment adaptation. The results showed that the BG group showed (p < 0.05) greater intake (2.34 vs 2.02 kg/day), total intake (3.90 vs 3.55 kg/day) and average daily gain (0.27 vs 0.23 kg/day) while feed conversion ratio was lower compared to RS group. The BG group had a greater (p < 0.05) organic matter and acid detergent fibre intake than the RS group as well as dry matter and neutral detergent fibre digestibility. The steers fed RS and BG were significantly (p < 0.05) different for total volatile fatty acids and propionic acid at 4 h after offering the diet. The intake of nitrogen (g/day) and apparent nitrogen absorption was significantly (p < 0.05) higher for BG than the RS group while nitrogen excretion in faeces was significantly lower in RS than the BG group. BG group showed significantly (p < 0.05) greater gross energy intake and digestible energy partition when compared to the RS group. In conclusion, feeding BG enhanced feed utilization, growth performance, ruminal fermentation, nitrogen utilization and energy utilization.
An investigation and replication of sleep‐related cognitions, acceptance and behaviours as predictors of short‐ and long‐term outcome in cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia
Authors: Blom Kerstin , Hentati Isacsson Nils , Forsell Erik , Rosén Ann , Kraepelien Martin , Jernelöv Susanna , Kaldo Viktor 
Published: May 2021

SummaryThe objectives were to investigate the potential for sleep‐related behaviours, acceptance and cognitions to predict outcome (insomnia severity) of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I). Baseline and outcome data from four randomised controlled trials (n = 276) were used. Predictors were the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep‐10 (DBAS‐10), Sleep‐Related Behaviours Questionnaire (SRBQ), and Sleep Problems Acceptance Questionnaire (SPAQ), and empirically derived factors from a factor analysis combining all items at baseline (n = 835). Baseline values were used to predict post‐treatment outcome, and pre–post changes in the predictors were used to predict follow‐up outcomes after 3–6 months, 1 year, or 3–10 years, measured both as insomnia severity and as better or worse long‐term sleep patterns. A majority (29 of 52) of predictions of insomnia severity were significant, but when controlling for insomnia severity, only two (DBAS‐10 at short‐term and SRBQ at mid‐term follow‐up) of the 12 predictions using established scales, and three of the 40 predictions using empirically derived factors, remained significant. The strongest predictor of a long‐term, stable sleep pattern was insomnia severity reduction during treatment. Using all available predictors in an overfitted model, 21.2% of short‐ and 58.9% of long‐term outcomes could be predicted. We conclude that although the explored constructs may have important roles in CBT‐I, the present study does not support that the DBAS‐10, SRBQ, SPAQ, or factors derived from them, would be unique predictors of outcome.