bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A roadmap towards sustainable intensification for a larger global rice bowl
Authors: Yuan Shen , Linquist Bruce , Wilson Lloyd , Cassman Kenneth , Stuart Alexander , Pede Valerien , Miro Berta , Saito Kazuki , Agustiani Nurwulan , Aristya Vina , Krisnadi Leonardus , Zanon Alencar , Heinemann Alexandre , Carracelas Gonzalo , Subash Nataraja , Brahmanand Pothula , Li Tao , Peng Shaobing , Grassini Patricio 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Future rice systems will need to produce more grain while minimizing the environmental impact. A key question is how to orient agricultural research & development (R&D) programs at national to global scales to maximize the return on investment. Here we assess yield gap and resource-use efficiency (including water, pesticides, nitrogen, labor, and energy) across 32 rice cropping systems, together accounting for 88% of global rice production. We show that achieving high yields and high resource-use efficiencies are not conflicting goals. Most cropping systems have room for increasing yield, resource-use efficiency, or both. In aggregate, current total rice production of these systems can be increased by 36%, and excess nitrogen almost eliminated, by focusing on a relatively small number of cropping systems with large yield gaps and/or poor resource-use efficiencies. This study provides essential strategic insight for prioritizing national and global agricultural R&D investments to ensure adequate rice supply while minimizing negative environmental impact in coming decades.
Population Genetic Structure of Raccoons as a Consequence of Multiple Introductions and Range Expansion in the Boso Peninsula, Japan
Authors: Hirose Miki , Yoshida Kazuya , Inoue Eiji , Hasegawa Masami 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Raccoon (Procyon lotor) is a globally introduced invasive carnivore. Although controlling feral raccoon populations is important to reduce serious threats to local ecosystems, raccoons are not under rigid population control in Europe and Japan. We examined the D-loop and nuclear microsatellite regions to identify spatially explicit and feasible management units for effective population control and further range expansion retardation. Through the identification of five mitochondrial DNA haplotypes and three nuclear genetic groups, we identified at least three independent introductions, range expansion, and subsequent genetic admixture in the Boso Peninsula. Admitting that the currently recognizable two genetic clusters can be treated as different management units, these management units will soon fuse to a single but large population to which the effective population control will no longer be applicable due to the absence of a genetic barrier between southern and northern Chiba Prefecture.
Cordycepin Combined with Doxorubicin Inhibits Triple-negative Breast Cancer by TNF Signaling Pathways
Authors: Huang Haichen , Wu Wenya , Li Xiaomin , Liu Chengyi , Wu Xiaoping , Zhang Junli , Fu Junsheng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of breast cancer with high mortality and poor prognosis. This study was designed to explore the effect of cordycepin combined with doxorubicin against TNBC, and then explore the molecular mechanism of this process.Methods: First of all, the effect of the combination of drugs on xenograft tumor and liver of mice was carried out to study the effect of combined drug on TNBC and its toxic effect on the body. Relevant genes are obtained through the GenBank and intersected, then the molecular mechanism is explored through GO, KEGG analysis，PPI network construction and other network pharmacological methods. The results of Network pharmacology through molecular docking, immunohistochemistry and other biological experiments to verify. Results: The results show that the combination of drugs can significantly affect the size and weight of the xenograft tumor. The tumor weight of the control group is 3.57 times that of the combined group, and the effect is more obvious than that of the single medication. The liver status, liver index, AST and ALT index of mice were not significantly different (P>0.05), indicating that the combination of drugs has no obvious toxic and side effects on the body. Through the above-mentioned series of network pharmacology methods, the final results we obtained focused on the TNF pathway and TNF-related targets such as MAP3K7, NFKB1, MAPK8 and so on.The results of molecular docking and biological verification were consistent with those of network pharmacology. Conclusions: Cordycepin combined with doxorubicin can inhibit the growth of TNBC without obvious toxicity. The main molecular mechanism of action is to target and regulate the TNF pathway. This provides a new direction for clinical treatment of TNBC, which can effectively treat triple negative breast cancer and reduce the side effects of drugs.
Functional Role of the SLC7A11-AS1/xCT Axis in the Development of Gastric Cancer Cisplatin-resistance by a GSH-dependent Mechanism
Authors: Luo Yajun , Xiang Wanping , Liu Zilin , Yao Lin , Tang Linghan , Ye Pengcheng , Deng Jingyu , Xiao Jiangwei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy is a major obstacle in gastric cancer (GC) treatment. Abundant long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are reported to play important roles in tumorigenesis and drug resistance biology. We aimed to investigate the roles and mechanisms of SLC7A11-AS1 in GC cisplatin resistance.Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA-FISH), immunofluorescence staining and immunohistochemistry were performed on GC tissues or cells to assess expression of SLC7A11-AS1/xCT axis. Cell migration, invasion and apoptosis ability were evaluated by wound healing, transwell and flow cytometry assays. The functional roles of SLC7A11-AS1/xCT axis in GC cisplatin resistance were demonstrated by a series of in-vitro and in-vivo experiments.Results: We report that the SLC7A11-AS1 and xCT are involved in cisplatin resistance in GC. SLC7A11-AS1 was downregulated and xCT was upregulated in cisplatin-resistant GC tissues and cell lines. GC patients with low expression of SLC7A11-AS1 and high expression of xCT had a poor prognosis and relatively poor response to chemotherapy. Overexpression of SLC7A11-AS1 weakened GC growth, reduced intracellular GSH biosynthesis, enhanced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and conferred sensitivity to cisplatin to resistant GC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, SLC7A11-AS1 directly suppressed xCT expression, while miR-33a-5p remarkably reduced SLC7A11-AS1 and xCT expression by directly targeting the SLC7A11-AS1 and xCT 3’UTRs. In addition, we found that low SLC7A11-AS1 expression activated the p38MAPK-JNK signaling pathway, and increased the expression of cisplatin export gene ATP7A and the GSH biosynthesis gene GCLM in GC. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the SLC7A11-AS1/xCT axis is a crucial therapeutic target to overcome platinum-related resistance for GC treatment.
Reducing the nitrate content of burley tobacco by grafting with flue-cured tobacco
Authors: Feng Yuqing , Zhao Yuanyuan , Li Geng , Li Yafei , Zhou Jun , Shi Hongzhi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Nitrosition of tobacco pyridine alkaloids by nitrate-derived NOx is the origin of tobacco-specifc nitrosamines (TSNAs) formed in tobacco, which are among the most notable toxicants present in tobacco products and smoke. Burley tobacco is particularly susceptible to TSNA formation because the cultivars exhibit a chloroplast-deficient and nitrogen-use-defciency phenotype which results in high accumulation of nitrate. Strategies to lower nitrate levels in tobacco could produce a corresponding decrease in TSNAs accumulation in leaves. Previous studies have showed that grafting with high nitrogen use efficiency rootstock was able to improve the nitrogen utilization of flue-cured tobacco. In this study, a reciprocativel grafting experiment has been conducted with two varieties of different tobacco types (burley tobacco ‘Eyan No.1’ and flue-cured tobacco ‘K326’) to investigate whether replacing burley tobacco root with flue-cured tobacco by grafting can enhance pigment biosynthesis and photosynthesis parameters and reduce nitrate content of burley tobacco leaves, and to explore the corresponding mechanism. Results: The results showed that compared with the self-rooted burley tobacco seedlings, grafting significantly increased the pigment content, net photosynthesis, biomass, total soluble sugar, reducing sugar, nitrate reductase activity, glutamine synthetase activities, NH4-N and soluble protein content of the leaves of Eyan No.1 while decreased the nitrate content and NO3-N/TN. Interestingly, transcription level analysis suggested that replacing burley tobacco root with flue-cured tobacco by grafting was able to up-regulate the genes involved in starch and sucrose metabolism, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, carbon fixation in photosynthetic organism metabolism, carotenoid biosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism of burley tobacco leaves. In addition, the PPI network revealed gene_68511, gene_35043 and gene_77508 had higher degrees via replacing burley tobacco root with flue-cured tobacco, which might be hub proteins to reduce nitrate accumulation. Conclusions: In conclusion, grafting with high nitrogen use efficiency rootstock provided an exceptionally promising means of nitrate reduction in burley tobacco leaf , which is a principle precursor of TSNAs, due to the improvement of photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism in the scion.
Women's Birth Experience and Neonatal Outcomes, Study Design and Methodology with Baseline Characteristics. A Hospital-Based Maternal Follow-up Study
Authors: Tefera Maleda , Assefa Nega , Roba Kedir Teji , Gedefa Letta 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background: Giving birth is a joyful, unique event and a highly individual experience in a woman's life. Childbirth experience has a significant role in developing self-confidence and positive feelings for the newborn. This experience is affected by many factors, including the mode of delivery. This paper tries to depict the experience of labor, delivery, and neonatal outcomes observed during the implementation of labor and delivery outcome study at selected hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia hospitals. Method: A hospital-based follow-up study was implemented in Hiwot Fana and Jegula Hospital in Harar, Bisidimo hospital in Eastern Hararghe, Oromia, and Dil-Chora Hospital in Dire Dawa from June 2020 to October 2020. A total of 2246 women with labor experience visited the hospitals were followed from delivery until discharge to document their experience and neonates' outcomes. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview using a structured pre-tested questionnaire. A Phenomenological approach qualitative study design will also be employed from April to May 2021. The women who give birth to normal single-term newborns through vaginal or a cesarean section will be included in the study. Women with stillbirth twin, preterm and congenital malformation, serous ill neonates, and who admitted to for more than one week will be excluded because those women will be extreme or deviant cases. In-depth interviews coupled with tape recording and note-taking will be to collect the data. A semi-structured interview guide will consider four domains of the Roy adaptation theory: an open-ended question (physiological, self-concept, role and function, and interdependence). Translated files will be transferred to open code software in a plain text format. Coding and categorization will be done on a system to generate a synthesized theme. Discussion The study will provide a comprehensive evaluation of the birth experience and its neonatal outcome in Eastern Ethiopia. Understanding women's birth experience and neonatal outcome based on birth can help health professionals look inside themselves. It will form the foundation and development of a new guideline to improve maternity care.
Polymeric Substitution of Triazole Moieties in Cellulosic Schiff Base for Heavy Metal Complexation Studies
Authors: MAHALAKSHMI R , R SARAVANAN , SELVAKUMAR P , KARTHIKEYAN M S , RAVIKUMAR L 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The adsorption of metal ions from wastewater using Schiff base cellulose bearing pendulant heterocyclic chelating groups (MC-Tz) as a sorbent is the subject of this paper. Solid state 13 C-NMR, FT-IR, SEM, and XRD spectroscopy, as well as TGA and XRD were utilized to examine the adsorbent. The batch sorption process used pH, adsorbent dose, initial adsorbate concentration, temperature, as well as contact time to calculate the metal ion levels. The optimum pH-6.0, with the complexation reaction and ion exchange phase as the mechanisms at work. To investigate the equilibrium concentration and temperature-dependent rate constants, various models, such as the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Redlich-Peterson adsorption isotherm were utilized. A Kinetic study shows that the Langmuir is more in agreement with the Pseudo-second order Kinetic model. Adsorption-Desorption experiments over four cycles demonstrated the feasibility of the sorbent's regeneration potential and the measured values of enthalpy and entropy explain the essence of the adsorption process. The objective of this research is to discover non-toxic, environmentally friendly adsorbent biodegradable components and to conduct evaluations to determine their use in wastewater treatment.
Prevalence and Impact of Fatigue in Children With Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders: A Quantitative Single Center Study
Authors: Visser Eline , Fraaij Pieter , Hoogenboom Annemieke , Witkamp Erica , Knaap Linda van der , Rossum Annemarie van , Stol Kim , Vermont Clementien 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Although fatigue is a common symptom in adult patients with Primary Immunodeficiencies (PID), data in pediatric patients are limited. The goal of this study is to estimate the prevalence and impact of fatigue in children with PID as reported by patients, parents and health-care providers. A retrospective single center observational study was performed. Prevalence of fatigue was measured by reviewing medical charts of 54 children in our department who are on immunoglobulin substitution therapy. Both prevalence and impact were also measured by the PedsQL-Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS). This comprises age-appropriate questionnaire for self-report in patients aged 5-18 years and parent proxy-reports for patients aged 2-18 years. General, cognitive, sleep-rest fatigue was measured and a total fatigue score was calculated. Means, standard deviation and Z-scores were calculated using age-specific reference values. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated for comparison of scores provided by parents vs children’s self-reported scores.Both chart review data and PedsQL-MFS showed fatigue rates of 65%. Pediatric PID patients of all ages had significantly lower scores on all subscales and total score of the PedsQL-MFS compared to healthy children. General fatigue was the most affected subscale in PID patients; indicating fatigue of these patients is mainly physical. Seventy-four % of PID patients had a Z-score lower than -1 on the General fatigue subscale indicating severe fatigue. Child-parent concordance varied between 0.24 and 0.93. Our results show high prevalence and severity of fatigue in children with PID, addressing the importance of this issue in our patient care.
Terpyridine Platinum Compounds Induce Telomere Dysfunction and Chromosome Instability in Cancer Cells
Authors: Petrov Nikolai , Lee Hee-Sheung , Liskovykh Mikhail , Teulade-Fichou Marie-Paule , Masumoto Hiroshi , Earnshaw William , Pommier Yves , Larionov Vladimir , Kouprina Natalay 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Telomerase/telomere-targeting therapy is a potentially promising approach for cancer treatment because even transient telomere dysfunction can induce chromosomal instability (CIN) and may be a barrier to tumor growth.
Method:

We recently developed a dual-HAC (Human Artificial Chromosome) assay that enables identification and ranking of compounds that induce CIN as a result of telomere dysfunction. This assay is based on the use of two isogenic HT1080 cell lines, one carrying a linear HAC (containing telomeres) and the other carrying a circular HAC (lacking telomeres). Disruption of telomeres in response to drug treatment results in specific destabilization of the linear HAC.
Results

In this study, we used the dual-HAC assay for the analysis of the platinum-derived G4 ligand Pt-tpy and five of its derivatives: Pt-cpym, Pt-vpym, Pt-ttpy, Pt(PA)-tpy, and Pt-BisQ. Our analysis revealed four compounds, Pt-tpy, Pt-ttpy, Pt-vpym and Pt-cpym, that induce a specific loss of a linear but not a circular HAC. Increased CIN after treatment by these compounds correlates with the induction of double-stranded breaks (DSBs) predominantly localized at telomeres and reflecting telomere-associated DNA damage. Analysis of the mitotic phenotypes induced by these drugs revealed an elevated rate of chromatin bridges (CBs) in late mitosis and cytokinesis.
Conclusions

These terpyridine platinum-derived G4 ligands are promising compounds for cancer treatment.
Local strain measurement in tensile test of Al/steel dissimilar friction stir weld using digital image correlation
Authors: Uematsu Yoshihiko , Kakiuchi Toshifumi , Niimi Kenta , Caiza Paul Dario  Toasa 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A6061-T6 aluminum alloy plate was butt welded to type 304 stainless steel plate by a friction stir welding (FSW) technique to fabricate a dissimilar weld. Subsequently, digital image correlation (DIC) analysis was performed on the dissimilar weld to investigate the local deformation behavior near the joint interface under a tensile loading condition. The normal strain in the loading direction concentrated near the interface on both top and bottom surfaces. The positions of the strain-concentrated areas were different on both sides; around 9 mm away from the interface on the top surface and 6 mm away on the bottom surface, which could be attributed to the local softening developed during the FSW process.
Wheel Wear Related Instability in Grinding of Quartz Glass
Authors: Wang Yonghao , Zhou Ping , Pan Yuhang , Yan Ying , Guo Dongming 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Grinding is a popular method for producing high-quality parts made of hard and brittle materials. A lot of researchers have focused on the impact of grinding parameters on surface quality. However, only a few studies discussed the surface quality instability caused by the grinding wheel wear during a long grinding process. In this paper, through wheel state monitoring and surface quality testing of ground samples, it is found that the relationship between ground surface roughness and theoretical undeformed chip thickness is significantly affected by the grinding wheel wear state, rather than maintain steady as described in most available models. By introducing the normal grinding force, a linearly relationship was found among normal grinding force, undeformed chip thickness and ground surface roughness. Besides, sensitivity analysis was conducted to guide the parameter adjustment to maintain the stability of ground surface roughness and grinding state. The mechanism of the effect of wheel wear on normal grinding force was also studied in detail. This study will help to further understand the mechanism of the influence of wheel wear on the grinding stability.
Integrated Bioinformatics Data Analysis and Experimental Studies Reveals Prognostic Significance of ALDH Family in Endometria Cancer
Authors: Dai Zhou-Tong , Xiang Yuan , Liao Xing-Hua 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background

Uterine Corpus Endometrial Cancer (UCEC) is one of the three common malignant tumors of the female reproductive tract. According to reports, the cure rate of early UCEC can reach 95%. Therefore, the development of prognostic markers will help UCEC patients to find the disease earlier and develop treatment earlier. The ALDH family was first discovered to be the essential gene of the ethanol metabolism pathway in the body. Recent studies have shown that ALDH can participate in the regulation of cancer.
Methods

We used the gene profile data of 33 cancers in the TCGA database to analyze the expression and survival of the ALDH family. GO, KEGG, PPI multiple functional analysis was used to predict the regulatory role of ALDH family in cancer. In addition, using CCK-8, colony formation, nude mouse tumor formation and other methods, the in vitro function of UCEC cancer cell lines was tested to further confirm the key role of ALDH2 expression in the proliferation of UCEC cell lines. Finally, Lasso and Cox regression methods were used to establish an overall survival prognosis model based on ALDH2 expression.
Result

In our research, we explored the expression of ALDH family in 33 cancers. It was found that ALDH2 was abnormally expressed in UCEC. Besides, in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to explore the effect of ALDH2 expression on the proliferation of UCEC cell lines. Meanwhile, the change of its expression is not due to gene mutations, but is regulated by miR-135-3p. At the same time, the impact of ALDH2 changes on the survival of UCEC patients is deeply discussed. Finally, a nomogram for predicting survival was constructed, with a C-index of 0.798 and AUC of 0.764.
Conclusion

This study suggests that ALDH2 may play a crucial role in UCEC progression and has the potential as a prognostic biomarker of UCEC.
Plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis in diploid cultivated cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.)
Authors: Ke Liping , Jiang Qimeng , Wang Rongjia , Yu Dongliang , Sun Yuqiang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The cultivated diploid cotton species G. arboreum offers a better opportunity to elucidate gene structure and function compared to the allotetraploid cotton species through genetic transformation, the reliable and efficient method for high frequency somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in G. arboreum is urgent need to be established. Callus was induced from hypocotyl, root and cotyledon of G. arboreum seedlings on MSB (MS salts and B5 vitamins) medium with 0.09 µM 2,4-D and 2.32 µM KT. The embryogenic callus was induced on MS5 medium from the suspended cultures of several cycles of alternate liquid-solid culture, which was critical step for somatic embryogenesis. The liquid medium of MS4 was supplemented with 0.1g/L NaCl, 0.1g/L KCl and 0.1g/L CuSO4. The solid medium of MS5 for embryogenic callus effective induction was supplemented with 37.59 mM KNO3 + 62.47 µM NH4NO3 and 2.46 µM IBA + 0.93 µM KT or 0.045 µM 2,4-D + 2.46 µM IBA + 0.465 µM KT. During callus growing on different media, callus was effectively selected for subculture or treatment according to cell morphology to induce embryogenic callus and somatic embryos. Somatic embryo maturation and germination were better on MS5 medium with maltose or glucose + maltose than the single glucose. The regenerated plantlets with well-developed roots were directly transferred to soil or grafted onto the germinated cotton plantlets. The feasible process of plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis in diploid cultivated species was established and needed to be improved and optimized for the gene functional analysis and gene editing in the diploid cotton species.