bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Factors Associated with PSA Level in Prostate Cancer Cases and Controls from Three Geographical Regions.
Authors: Karunasinghe Nishi , Minas Tsion Zewdu , Bao Bo-Ying , Lee Arier , Wang Alice , Zhu Shuotun , Masters Jonathan , Goudie Megan , Huang Shu-Pin , Jenkins Frank J. , Ferguson Lynnette R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Introduction- It is being debated whether prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based screening effectively reduces prostate cancer mortality. Some of the uncertainty could be related to deficiencies in the age-based PSA cut-off thresholds used in screening. Methods- Current study considered 2779 men with prostate cancer and 1606 men without a cancer diagnosis, recruited for various studies in New Zealand, US and Taiwan. Association of PSA with demographic, lifestyle, clinical characteristics (for cases), and the aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) rs12529 genetic polymorphisms were analysed using multiple linear regression and univariate modelling.Results- Pooled multivariable analysis of cases showed that PSA was significantly associated with demographic, lifestyle and clinical data with an interaction between ethnicity and age further modifying the association. Pooled multivariable analysis of controls data also showed that demographic and lifestyle are significantly associated with PSA level. Independent case and control analyses indicated that factors associated with PSA were specific for each cohort. Univariate analyses showed a significant age and PSA correlation among all cases and controls except for the US-European cases while genetic stratification in cases showed variability of correlation. Conclusion- Data suggests that unique PSA cut-off thresholds factorized with demographics, lifestyle and genetics may be more appropriate for prostate cancer screening.
Developing a Japanese Version of The Short Form of The Expanded Version of The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI-X-SF-J): A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Oshiro Rei , Soejima Takafumi , Kita Sachiko , Benson Kayla , Kibi Satoshi , Hiraki Koichi , Kamibeppu Kiyoko , Taku Kanako 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

The 10-item short form of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI-SF) has been utilized worldwide. However, there is no Japanese version. Furthermore, the PTGI-SF does not capture a broader category of existential spiritual growth that has been incorporated in the more recent Expanded version of the PTG Inventory (PTGI-X). Thus, we developed a Japanese version of the Short Form (PTGI-X-SF-J), which reflects more diverse perspectives on existential and spiritual growth.
Methods

A cross-sectional study using questionnaires was conducted in Japan. The first sample consisted of 408 university students, and the second sample comprised 284 university students. Exploratory factor analysis was performed using data from the first sample. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted, and reliability and validity were confirmed using the second sample.
Results

The PTGI-X-SF-J is composed of 10 items including two items from each of the five subscales of the PTGI-X, similar to the original version of the PTGI-SF, and this model fits the data well. Items concerning existential/spiritual change in the PTGI-X-SF-J were “I feel more connected with all of existence” and “I have a greater sense of harmony with the world,” which were not included in the original PTGI-SF. The score of the PTGI-X-SF-J was significantly correlated with the scores of the Core Beliefs Inventory and the Event Related Rumination Inventory-Deliberate; however, no correlation was observed with the scores of the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5.
Conclusions

We developed the PTGI-X-SF-J using 10 items to measure PTG among people whose first language is Japanese and confirmed its factor structure, reliability, and validity. The PTGI-X-SF-J is useful for assessing PTG more efficiently and accurately as it considers more diverse spiritual/existential experiences of personal growth and reduces physical and psychological burdens due to its brevity.
Measures of The Direct Impact of Hematophagous Flies On Feeder Cattle: An Unexpectedly High Potential Economic Impact
Authors: Boonsaen Phoompong - , Nevot Adèle , Onju Sathaporn , Fossaert Clément , Chalermwong Piangjai , Thaisungnoen Kornkanok , Lucas Antoine , Thévenon Sophie , Masmeatathip Roungthip , Jittapalapong Sathaporn , Desquesnes Marc 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Beside blood pathogens transmission, insects of the order Diptera affect livestock by visual and contact harassment; blood-feeders are responsible of painful bites and blood despoliation, generating behavioural modifications, anaemia and production losses. Knowledge of their economic impact is a basis for cost-effective control. Here, we measured the global impact of Diptera by comparing two batches of six feeder cattle, one in open air, the other protected by a mosquito net. Analytical data were: insect density in open air, and, for feeder cattle: tail-flick counts, hematocrit values (Ht), feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and live body weight gains (LBWG). Over a period of five months, results showed significant losses of LBWG of cattle exposed to insects, estimated at 8.0±1.5 Kg/month [2.7;13.3], with a total loss reaching 40.0±5.5 Kg/head. Main diurnal insects were Stomoxys spp. and M. crassirostris. There was a strong correlation between fly density and diurnal tail-flicks. Night trapping and tail-flicks showed a potentially important role of mosquitoes to be further explored. Ht of exposed animals was 3-4% lower than controls. FCRs indicated that exposed animals needed 33% more dry matter intake/Kg of LBWG. Economic assessment showed that dipterans were responsible of 10-11% loss of LBWG during the main growing period of feeder-cattle (10-15 months). A feedlot of 100 calves would register a total loss of 16,000$ within 5 months, which appears to be an unexpectedly huge loss caused by dipterans. Investing part of this money in fly control would probably be beneficial.
Effects of High-Fat Diet and Treadmill Running on The Hypothalamic Kiss-1-GPR54 Signaling Pathway in Growing Male Rats
Authors: XU RUI , FENG Junpeng , LIANG Chunyu , SONG Ge , YAN Yi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Kiss-1 neurons, one of the metabolic sensors in the hypothalamic, is necessary for puberty initiating and acts through G protein-coupled receptor, known as GPR54. This study investigated the mechanism of the hypothalamic Kiss-1-GPR54 signaling pathway in high-fat diet and exercise on the growing male rats. Methods: 135 three-week-old weaned male rats were underwent high-fat diet and exercise (60–70% VO2max, 1 h/day, 5 days/ week). These mice were randomly divided into control group, control and exercise group, high-fat diet group, high-fat diet and exercise group. Hypothalamic, testis, and serum samples of each group were collected at PND (postanal day)21st day (21D, early childhood), PND 43rd day (43D, puberty) and PND 56th day (56D, maturity). Immunofluorescence, Quantitative real-time PCR, hematoxylin and eosin staining, chemiluminescent immunoassays were used in studies. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the effects of age (PND 21,43,56), exercise (exercise, sedentariness), and diet (high-fat, normal) on the biological indexes in ratsResults: The mRNA and protein expression of Kiss-1, GPR54 in the hypothalamic were gradually increased along with growing and peaked at PND 43, and the serum testosterone increased and peaked at PND 56. High-fat diet increased the expression of Kiss-GPR54 system in hypothalamic, while the serum testosterone decreased during different stages of growth. Exercise decreased the expression of Kiss-1 at PND 56 and increased the expression of Kiss-1at PND 43, meanwhile decreased testosterone and the deposition of lipid droplets in the testis at all age of development. Conclusions: The expression of Kiss-1-GPR54 in male rats showed fluctuated change during growth and development. High-fat diet can upregulate the expression of Kiss-1-GPR54 system in hypothalamic. Exercise can correct the adverse effect of high-fat diet on Kiss-1-GPR54 signaling pathway in hypothalamic and the function of hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular (HPT) axis, upregulate Kiss-1 at puberty and downregulate of Kiss-1 at maturity of high-fat diet male rats.
Time To Relapse of Severe Acute Malnutrition And Its Determinants Among Children Treated In The Health Posts of Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia.
Authors: Lambebo Abera , Temiru Desselegn , Belachew Tefera 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Back ground: In developing countries including Ethiopia, children under five years old are likely to suffer from repeated bouts of SAM. There is lack of study that documented time to relapse of SAM and its determinants. Objective: This study aimed to identify time of relapse and its determinants among children discharged after treatment for SAM in health facilities of Hadiya Zone, South, Ethiopia Methods: An institution based retrospective cohort study was carried out from data spanning from 2014/2015 to 2019/2020. After checking all the assumptions, multivariable CPH model was fitted to isolate independent determinants of time to relapse. All tests were two sided and statistical significance at P values <0.05. Result: The mean(±SD) time for relapse of SAM among under five children was 22(±9.9) weeks from discharge to relapse time. On multivariable CPH model, the hazard of relapse for SAM was significantly higher for children who had edema (AHR =2.02 ,95%, CI: 1.17-3.50), age of 6-11 months (AHR = 5.2, 95%, CI:1.95-13.87), had discharge low MUAC (AHR = 12,95%, CI: 7.90-19.52)Concussion: The finding showed that children discharged from SAM are likely to have relapse in 3 weeks.
Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 and Type 2 Through Super Learner
Authors: A Nisha , G Kavitha 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) plays a significant role in increasing the associated health problems worldwide by acting as a Comorbid condition. Moreover, it is a progressive illness without severe external symptoms leading to a fatal impact on the human body if left unnoticed or untreated. This research work aims to associate an individual’s lifestyle and ethnic background in assessing the risk of Diabetes acting as a comorbid condition. A detailed assessment of lockdown impact with rapid modification in individual’s lifestyle due to the pandemic gives specific insight into individuals becoming susceptible to Diabetes Mellitus. An ensemble of ML algorithms is utilized in predicting the risk of individuals turning Diabetic. The ensemble of the ML model is trained on the Pima Indian dataset and Vanderbilt biostatistics diabetes dataset providing the impact of Type 1 diabetes mellitus. The proposed super learner model provides the highest classification accuracy of T1DM & T2DM with 97% compared to an ensemble of algorithms in identifying and classifying the individuals as being susceptible to DM due to the lifestyle and ethnic background.
Expressions of Actor Power in Implementation: A Qualitative Case Study of a Health Service Intervention in South Africa
Authors: Schneider Helen , Mukinda Fidele , Tabana Hanani , George Asha 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background Implementation frameworks and theories acknowledge the role of power as a factor in the adoption (or not) of interventions in health services. Despite this recognition, there is a paucity of evidence on how interventions at the front line of health systems confront or shape existing power relations. This paper reports on a study of actor power in the implementation of an intervention to improve maternal, neonatal and child health care quality and outcomes in a rural district of South Africa. Methods A retrospective qualitative case study based on interviews with 34 actors in three ‘implementation units’ – a district hospital and surrounding primary health care services – of the district, selected as purposefully representing full, moderate and low implementation of the intervention some three years after it was first introduced. Data are analysed using Veneklasen and Miller’s typology of the forms of power – namely ‘power over’, ‘power to’, ‘power within’ and ‘power with’. Results Multiple expressions of actor power were evident during implementation and played a plausible role in shaping variable implementation, while the intervention itself acted to change power relations. The ability to mobilise collective action (power with) was a key dimension of successful implementation, but potentially poses a threat to hierarchical power (power over) at higher levels of the system, affecting sustainability. Conclusions A systematic approach to the analysis of power in implementation research may provide insights into the fate of interventions. Intervention designs need to consider how they shape power relations, especially where interventions seek to widen participation and responsiveness in local health systems.
The Spatial Analysis for Malaria Surveillance in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia : A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Nuraisyah Fatma , Kusnanto Hari , Palutturi Sukri , Nurlaily Nova , Adistiyapuri Panggita , Irjayanti Apriyana , Mapandin Wahida , Anggraini Vidya Aries , Ruliyandari Rochana , Sugiarto  
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundMalaria case elimination have been seriously issue. Although the prevalence of malaria cases in Indonesia has decreased from 1.3% (2013) to 0.6% (2017), the policy of has been eliminating malaria cases remains unresolved problem. Kulon Progo is one of contributes to malaria cases in Special Region Yogyakarta. Although number of cases has been decreasing year, malaria transmission continues to be a significant.PurposeStrengthen the surveillance system and cluster areas of malaria cases through Q-GIS with buffering analysis and spatial analysis in Kulon Progo District in 2015–2018. Method: Cross sectional was done. Instruments include secondary data on malaria cases occurring from 2015 to 2018 and confirmation data sheets. The questionnaire was used to collected data from 240 respondents.ResultsMalaria case trend was in the watershed area at a distance of < 250meters in Kokap Sub-district. Malaria cases were mostly found in rice fields with a distance of < 250meters in Samigaluh Sub-district. All malaria cases were in the garden areas of < 250meters in Nanggulang and the forest area of > 250meters in the Kalibawang Sub-district.ConclusionProbability malaria transmission are river, rice fields and gardens. It is necessary to hold training on the use of the Q-GIS application for surveillance officers.
Robust host source tracking building on the divergent and non-stochastic assembly of gut microbiome in wild and farmed large yellow croaker
Authors: Zhu Jun , Li Hao , Jing Ze-Zhou , Zheng Wei , Luo Yuan-Rong , Chen Shi-Xi , Guo Feng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundRevealing the potential divergence of gut microbiome between farmed and wild fishes, and its underlying mechanism are informative to improve its mariculture, as well as establish the molecular marker of host source tracking, which is an alternative to the yet-to-be-established host genetic marker. A candidate for testing the feasibility is the large yellow croaker, Larimichthys crocea , which is carnivorous and ranking the top maricultural fish in China with depleted wild resource and frequently farmed individuals escaping and fry releasing for wild stock enhancement. ResultsThe rectums of wild (n=212) and farmed (n=79) individuals from multiple batches were collected for the profiling of gut bacterial communities. The farmed individuals had a higher alpha diversity and lower bacterial loading than the wild individuals. The gut microbiota of the two sources exhibited divergence and high inter-batch variation, featured by the dominance of Psychrobacter spp. in the wild group. Predicted function of gut microbiome and representative isolates suggested that diet could be a key factor for the divergence, which was linked to the high ratio and diverse source of carbohydrate in formulated feed and low pH of rectum contents in farmed fishes. The non-stochastic distribution patterns of the core gut microbiota of the wild and farmed individuals indicated the feasibility of microbiota-based host source tracking through machine learning algorithm. Random forest classifier building on the divergence and non-stochastic assembly of gut microbiome was robust in host source tracking for individuals from all batches including a newly introduced batch. ConclusionsOur study revealed the divergence of the gut microbiota between wild and farmed croakers and suggested that diet change is an underlying key factor for the divergence. As the first time, we verified that with less biased datasets and non-stochastic pattern, gut microbiota can be robustly applied to the tracking of host source even in carnivorous fish.
A Validated Analysis Pipeline for Mass Spectrometry-Based Vitreous Proteomics: Insights Into Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Weber Sarah R , Zhao Yuanjun , Ma Jingqun , Gates Christopher , Leprevost Felipe da Veiga , Basrur Venkatesha , Nesvizhskii Alexey I. , Gardner Thomas W. , Sundstrom Jeffrey M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Vitreous is an accessible, information-rich biofluid that has recently been studied as a source of retinal disease-related proteins and pathways. However, the number of samples required to confidently identify perturbed pathways remains unknown. In order to confidently identify these pathways, power analysis must be performed to determine the number of samples required.Methods: Control (n=27) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (n=23) vitreous samples were treated as biologically distinct individuals or pooled together and aliquoted into technical replicates. Quantitative mass spectrometry with tandem mass tag labeling was used to identify proteins in individual or pooled control samples to determine technical and biological variability. To determine effect size and perform power analysis, control and proliferative diabetic retinopathy samples were analyzed across four 10plexes. Pooled samples were used to normalize the data across plexes and generate a single data matrix for downstream analysis. Results: The total number of unique proteins identified was 1,152 in experiment 1, 989 of which were measured in all samples. In experiment 2, 1,191 proteins were identified, 727 of which were measured across all samples in all plexes. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD025986. Spearman correlations of protein abundance estimations revealed minimal technical (0.99-1.00) and biological (0.94-0.98) variability. Each plex contained two unique pooled samples: one for normalizing across each 10plex, and one to internally validate the normalization algorithm. Spearman correlation of the validation pool following normalization was 0.86-0.90. Principal component analysis revealed stratification of samples by disease and not by plex. Subsequent differential expression and pathway analyses demonstrated significant activation of metabolic pathways and inhibition of neuroprotective pathways in proliferative diabetic retinopathy samples relative to controls.Conclusions: This study demonstrates a feasible, rigorous, and scalable method that can be applied to future proteomic studies of vitreous sampled directly from patients in order to advance understanding of pathways altered in retinal disease.
Terpene-rich Fractions of Ficus Mucoso (Welw) Modulate Lipopolysaccharide-induced Inflammatory Mediators and Aberrant Permeability of the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane in Murine Animal Model
Authors: Oyebode Olubukola , Olanlokun John Oludele , Salami Olamilekan , Obi Ifeanyi , Bodede Olusola , Prinsloo Gerhard , Olorunsogo Olufunso 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ficus mucoso is traditionally used to treat various infections. This study compared the efficacy of terpene-rich fractions of F. mucoso root bark on LPS-induced inflammation, liver mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) pore, an index of mitochondrial health, and associated pathological alterations. Terpene-Rich fractions of Dichloromethane (TRDF) and Ethylacetate fractions of F. mucoso (TREF) were obtained according to the method described by Ferguson (1956). A single intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were given to mice to induce systemic inflammation for 72hrs. Evaluation of the effects of the TRDF and TREF on levels of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and antioxidant indices against LPS-induced hepatic damage were carried out. Mitochondrial swelling was monitored spectrophotometrically as well as mitochondrial ATPase activity and lipid peroxidation. This study reveals that TRDF and TREF possess anti-inflammatory potentials which is related to reduction in levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, restoration of antioxidant status, reduction in levels of liver marker enzymes as well as associated pathological injury. Furthermore, LPS caused induction of opening of the liver mPT pore which was significantly inhibited by TRDF at 100 and 200 mg/kg bw by 71% and 88% respectively, but only at 100 mg/kg TREF. Furthermore, mitochondrial ATPase activity was inhibited largely by TRDF. The UPLC-ESI-MS analysis revealed the presence of terpenoid derivatives and a few aromatic metabolites in TRDF. The terpene dominance of TRDF metabolites was further justified on the 1H NMR fingerprint.Overall, TRDF is more effective as a cocktail of anti-inflammatory compounds than TREF against LPS-induced acute systemic inflammation.
Comparative Analysis of The Correction Effect of Different Environmental Loading Products On Global GNSS Coordinate Time Series
Authors: He Yuefan , Nie Guigen , Wu Shuguang , Li Haiyang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The global navigation satellite system (GNSS) coordinate time series is affected by the environmental loading (including atmospheric loading (ATML), hydrological loading (HYDL), non-tidal oceanic loading (NTOL), etc.) and many organizations now provide grid products of these loadings. The temporal and spatial resolutions of these products, the loading models and data sources used are not the same, so the effect of correcting the nonlinear deformation of the GNSS coordinate time series is obviously different. This study mainly selects the three agencies, namely, School and Observatory of Earth Sciences (EOST) in France, German Research Center for Geosciences (GFZ) in Germany, and International Mass Loading Service (IMLS) in the United States, including 6 types of ATML models, 7 types of HYDL models and 5 NTOL models. The classification of these 18 environmental loading models was discussed, and the root mean square (RMS) reduction rate of the GNSS coordinate time series after environmental loading corrections (ELCs) was used to evaluate the performance differences of various models. Our results show that both the different models provided by the same organization and the same model provided by different organizations have different correction effects. Regardless of the models, it has a significant impact on the vertical coordinate time series. In order to correct the nonlinear deformation of the GNSS stations to the greatest extent, based on the above analysis, this study selects the optimal model combination of three environmental loadings as ECMWF_IB+MERRA2+ECCO1, and then explores its influence on the periodic signals in the GNSS coordinate time series. Research suggests that environmental loadings have a significant impact on the amplitude and phase of GNSS time series. Especially in the vertical direction, the largest RMS value can reach 8.42 mm. Before and after ELCs, the maximal difference of the annual amplitude and the half-annual amplitude at global 631 stations can reach 8.96 mm and 1.51 mm, respectively. Among them, 84.60% of the stations were corrected by the optimal environmental loading combination model, thus the nonlinear deformation was weakened.