bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal diagnosis of a likely pathogenic variant in ZBTB18: Natural evolution of fetal phenotype including the long bones and corpus callosum
Authors: Birnbaum Roee , Markovitch Ofer , Biron‐shental Tal , Kidron Debora , Ben‐Sira Liat , Litz Philipsborn Shira , Reinstein Eyal 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPathogenic variants in ZBTB18 gene have been described only postnatally with a variable phenotypic spectrum that includes intellectual disability, microcephaly, hypotonia, poor growth, corpus callosum abnormalities, seizures, and dysmorphic facial features. These features overlap with the phenotype of 1q43‐q44 deletion syndrome (OMIM #612337). There are several genes within the 1q43‐q44 deletion region, and ZBTB18 is of particular interest due to its known involvement in neuronal differentiation and migration. We describe here a fetus presenting with an intrauterine growth restriction, diminished long bones growth, single umbilical artery, and a short corpus callosum. On mid pregnancy ultrasound, all biometric parameters including the corpus callosum were relatively small but still within the normal range. Only a targeted follow‐up during the third trimester, including neurosonographic and MRI exams, revealed the full extent of the malformation, leading to amniocentesis and a genetic workup that led to the identification of a de novo likely pathogenic variant in ZBTB18 gene. This is the first description of the evolving phenotype of a ZBTB18‐related disorder in a fetus, which emphasizes the challenging diagnosis of subtle findings, that mandates a high level of clinical suspicion and a targeted follow‐up throughout pregnancy.
Experimental investigation of sedimentation behaviour using cerium oxalate particles in oxalic‐nitric acid medium
Authors: Panda Saroj Kumar , Anand Panantharayil Vishnu , Rajeev Ramachandran Pillai , Venkatesan Konda Athmaram , Ananthasivan Krishnamurthy 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSettling behaviour of cerium oxalate particles in the solution was investigated by batch settling tests. The settling curves were experimentally generated for different overall solid fractions (OSF), initial dispersion height (ht) and batch cylinder diameter (d). Settling curves were analysed to obtain bulk settling velocity, and it was observed that bulk settling velocity decreases with increase in OSF and remains unchanged with change in cylinder diameter. Bulk settling velocity was found more or less same with increase in initial suspension height as long as the OSF was maintained constant. The particle settling time is delayed at higher OSF due to dense particle population as the movement of one particle is affected by the presence of neighbouring particle. Regression analysis of the settling curve was performed to identify suitable mathematical model. Two parameter based model was found to represent the settling curve better in comparison to three and five parameter based models. Applicability of dispersion number for characterizing the solid–liquid suspension was checked, and it was found that the dispersion number was not unique for the solid‐liquid system where it was influenced by the operating and dimensional parameters.
One‐step anchored polymers via phenolamine bionic design on textile‐based heater for application in personal heat management
Authors: Du Peibo , Guo Zhiguang , Li Yonghe , Zhang Jinping , Muhammad Javed , Cai Zaisheng , Ge Fengyan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFlexible electronic fabrics urgently need to solve the problem of adhesion between the conductive layer and the fabric substrates. Inspired by phenamine bionics, we designed and fabricated copper nanoparticle conductive network/nylon 6 woven fabric (CNNs/NWF) wearable heaters through rapid co‐deposited of tannic acid and polyethyleneimine (PEI) by using CuSO4/H2O2 as a trigger. The grafted TA/PEI interface is capable of anchoring on the fabric surface via covalent and non‐covalent bonds on the one hand and providing an ideal platform to absorb and reduce catalyst Ag+ to facilitate subsequent electroless deposition on the other. Furthermore, the electrical heater could rise temperature from 14.6 to 152.6°C within 90 s under 1.5 V voltage, better than that of recently reported literature. The heater had a splendid conductivity (sheet resistance R0 ≈ 0.0086 Ω sq−1) and remain stable after 1000 bending cycle tests (normalized resistance R/R0 ≈ 2.5). Furthermore, the heater could meet 50 standard washing tests, satisfying the essential needs of the wearable devices. The deviation between the simulated data and the measured data was no more than 10% by the simulation of the finite elemental analysis. This study might provide a viable source for wearable heating devices.
Study on the mechanism and performance of polymer gels byTEandPVAchemical cross‐linking
Authors: Zhou Yang , Chu Ruizhi , Fan Lulu , Meng Xianliang , Zhao Jianqiao , Wu Guoguang , Li Xiao , Jiang Xiaofeng , Sun FanChao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPolymer gels are widely used as drilling plugging materials. In this paper, titanium bis(triethanolamine)diisopropoxide (TE) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution were chemically cross‐linked to obtain a gel material. It shows that the OH on the PVA molecular chain are chemically cross‐linked with the Ti ion in TE crosslinking agent through complexation reaction, and the cross‐linked segment can inhibit the chain motion, resulting in a stable “crab structure” gel configuration. The gel materials synthesized under this configuration were characterized and analyzed by SEM, TG‐DSC, GPC, and contact angle measurement. It was demonstrated that the gel performance is optimal when the concentration of TE crosslinking agent is 2.2 wt%, considering the gel strength and gelation time. In addition, the simulated plugging experiment of the gel showed that the service life of the gel was about 72 days, and the sealing performance and tensile recovery performance were significantly improved compared with the previous ones, which would provide a new perspective for the novel plugging materials.
CD163+ M2 Macrophages Promote Fibrosis in IgG4‐Related Disease Via Toll‐like Receptor 7/Interleukin‐1 Receptor–Associated Kinase 4/NF‐κB Signaling
Authors: Chinju Akira , Moriyama Masafumi , Kakizoe‐Ishiguro Noriko , Chen Hu , Miyahara Yuka , Haque A. S. M. Rafiul , Furusho Katsuhiro , Sakamoto Mizuki , Kai Kazuki , Kibe Kotono , Hatakeyama‐Furukawa Sachiko , Ito‐Ohta Miho , Maehara Takashi , Nakamura Seiji 
Published: December 2021

ObjectiveIgG4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD) is a fibro‐inflammatory condition that can affect multiple organs. We previously demonstrated that TLR7‐transgenic C57BL/6 mice showed elevated serum IgG1 levels and inflammation with fibrosis in the salivary glands (SGs), lungs, and pancreas. Moreover, we observed extensive Toll‐like receptor 7 (TLR‐7)–positive CD163+ M2 macrophage infiltration in SGs from IgG4‐RD patients. We undertook this study to examine the fibrotic mechanism via the TLR‐7 pathway.MethodsGene expression in SGs from human TLR7‐transgenic mice and IgG4‐RD patients was analyzed using DNA microarrays. We extracted the common up‐regulated TLR‐7–related genes in SGs from TLR7‐transgenic mice and IgG4‐RD patients. Finally, we investigated the interaction between CD163+ M2 macrophages and fibroblasts before and after stimulation with the TLR‐7 agonist loxoribine.ResultsIn TLR7‐transgenic mice and IgG4‐RD patients, IRAK3 and IRAK4 were significantly overexpressed. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction validated the up‐regulation of only IRAK4 in IgG4‐RD patients compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). Interleukin‐1 receptor–associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) was strongly detected in and around germinal centers in SGs from patients with IgG4‐related dacryoadenitis and sialadenitis alone. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that IRAK4‐positive cells were mainly colocalized with CD163+ M2 macrophages in SGs (P < 0.05). After stimulation with loxoribine, CD163+ M2 macrophages exhibited significantly enhanced expression of IRAK4 and NF‐κB and increased supernatant concentrations of fibrotic cytokines. Finally, we confirmed that the number of fibroblasts was increased by culture with the supernatant of CD163+ M2 macrophages following stimulation with loxoribine (P < 0.05).ConclusionCD163+ M2 macrophages promote fibrosis in IgG4‐RD by increasing the production of fibrotic cytokines via TLR‐7/IRAK4/NF‐κB signaling.
Objective frequency analysis of transient visual evoked potentials in autistic children
Authors: Brittenham Chloe , Gordon James , Zemon Vance M. , Siper Paige M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractVisual evoked potentials (VEPs) provide a means to examine neural mechanisms in autism with high temporal resolution. Conventional VEP analysis relies on subjective inspection of a few points (peaks and troughs) in the time‐domain waveform. The current study applied power spectral analysis and magnitude‐squared coherence (MSC) statistics (frequency‐domain measures) to VEPs recorded during 1‐minute runs and with a recently developed short‐duration technique that allow for objective examination of the responses (Zemon & Gordon, European Journal of Neuroscience, 2018, 48, 1765–1788) from nonautistic and autistic children. Results indicate that, for both groups, early time‐domain measures (P60, N75, P100) are highly correlated with middle‐ and high‐frequency (14–28 and 30–48 Hz, respectively) mechanisms, and late measures are highly correlated with a low‐frequency (6–12 Hz) mechanism. One frequency‐domain measure (power in the middle‐frequency band) is capable of predicting the key amplitude measure (N75‐P100) with high accuracy. MSC and power measures were combined to yield separate measures of signal and noise strength to evaluate alternate hypotheses in autism. Linear mixed‐effects modeling demonstrated selective differences in early time‐domain and middle‐to‐high frequency‐domain measures in autistic children as compared to nonautistic children given both recording techniques, implicating weaker excitatory input to the cortex. Receiver‐operating‐characteristic curve analysis showed predictive diagnostic accuracy for middle‐ and high‐frequency bands based on MSC. These findings support the value of frequency analysis measures (power spectral analysis and MSC) in the objective examination of neural differences in autism.Lay SummaryVisual evoked potentials (VEPs) are used to assess neural mechanisms. Typically, VEPs are analyzed by subjective examination of time‐series waveforms; but here objective techniques were applied to quantify VEP frequency components to investigate neural differences between autistic and nonautistic children. The objective measures demonstrate group differences in brain function that point to weaker excitatory input to the cortex in autism.
A Hollow Porous Metal‐Organic Framework Enabled Polyethylene Oxide Based Composite Polymer Electrolytes for All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Hu Yubing , Feng Tianshi , Xu Lei , Zhang Lifeng , Luo Langli 
Published: December 2021

AbstractComposite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) are replacing traditional liquid electrolytes for next‐generation all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) with enhanced safety and uncompromising electrochemical properties. However, short‐circuit due to lithium‐dendrite growth in the CPEs largely hinders its practical applications. Here, we report a thin CPE composed of the hollow ZIF‐8 encapsulating Li‐ionic liquids (ZIF‐8/IL) nano‐fillers and polyethylene oxide (PEO) matrix. It shows an ionic conductivity of 1.41×10−4 S cm−1 at 25 °C with improved surface roughness, thermal stability, and electrochemical stability. The specific core‐shell structure of fillers benefits from its insulation shell for inhibiting lithium dendrite growth and the inner cavity for storing sufficient Li‐IL with enhanced Li diffusivity. The CPE with 30 % filler (30 H‐Z CPE) content exhibits excellent cycle stability of 770 h in the Li symmetric cell and an outstanding discharge capacity of 182.5 mAh g−1 and capacity retention of 73 % after 100 cycles at 0.1 C and 60 °C in the Li/30 H‐Z CPE/NCM811 asymmetric cell.
Nachhaltig bauen mit Beton – Planungshilfe des Deutschen Ausschusses für Stahlbeton (DAfStb)
Authors: Wiens Udo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractZunehmende Rohstoffknappheit, begrenzter Deponieraum und das Erfordernis zur Reduktion von CO2‐Emissionen sind die globalen Vorgaben, die von nachhaltigen Gebäuden u. a. einen geringen Verbrauch von Rohstoffen und Energie ebenso wie eine größtmögliche Nutzungsflexibilität und Wiederverwendbarkeit oder Dauerhaftigkeit der Funktion im Bauwerk fordern. Sie müssen ökologischen, ökonomischen und sozio‐kulturellen Ansprüchen gerecht werden, gleichzeitig eine hohe technische Qualität bieten sowie auf die Prozesse des Bauwesens abgestimmt sein. Die Planungshinweise des DAfStb für Bauwerke des üblichen Hochbaus (Wohnungsbauten, Verwaltungsgebäude, Veranstaltungsbauten, Einkaufszentren, Industriehallen etc.) dienen Investoren, Bauherren, Planenden, Ausführenden und Vertretern der Bauaufsicht für Entscheidungsprozesse beim nachhaltigen Bauen mit Beton. Sie zeigen auf, wie mit dem bereits vorhandenen Regelwerk im Betonbau nachhaltig geplant und gebaut werden kann.
Validation of the prophylactic efficacy of urea‐based creams on sorafenib‐induced hand‐foot skin reaction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A randomised experiment study
Authors: Lien Ru‐Yu , Tung Heng‐Hsin , Wu Shang‐Laing , Hu Sophia H. , Lu Ling‐Chun , Lu Shu‐Fen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundHand‐foot skin reaction may influence the effectiveness of patients' treatment, patient quality of life, and the economics of health care. An effective prophylactic dermatological cream for preventing sorafenib‐induced hand‐foot skin reaction (HFSR) is yet to be identified.AimThe aim of this study is validated the prophylactic efficacy of urea‐based creams on sorafenib‐induced hand‐foot skin reaction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodsThis was a randomised double‐blind experimental study. A total of 129 patients with advanced HCC were randomly assigned to three groups. The comparison group received best supportive care (BSC), group A received BSC plus a moisturising cream, and group B received BSC plus a 10% urea‐based cream. Incidence of HFSR and cutaneous wetness were assessed 3 days before starting sorafenib and each week after starting sorafenib for 8 weeks.ResultsNo significant difference was observed in the incidence density of sorafenib‐induced HFSK (comparison group/A group, p > .05; comparison group/B group, p > .05). Group B reported significantly better cutaneous wetness of hands in the seventh week after starting sorafenib (p < .05) and of feet during the first 6 weeks (p < .05–.001).ConclusionThis study found a nut size amount of a 10% urea‐based cream applied twice a day can maintain patients' cutaneous wetness in the first 6 weeks after starting sorafenib than moisturising‐alone cream. But it cannot reduce the occurrence of HFSR. Thus, the result supports nut‐size dose of the 10% urea‐based cream three times a day may be an appropriate dose to prevent HFSR.Clinical Trail Registration Number: NCT04568330.
A serverless gateway for event‐driven machine learning inference in multiple clouds
Authors: Naranjo Diana M. , Risco Sebastián , Moltó Germán , Blanquer Ignacio 
Published: December 2021

AbstractServerless computing and, in particular, the functions as a service model has become a convincing paradigm for the development and implementation of highly scalable applications in the cloud. This is due to the transparent management of three key functionalities: triggering of functions due to events, automatic provisioning and scalability of resources, and fine‐grained pay‐per‐use. This article presents a serverless web‐based scientific gateway to execute the inference phase of previously trained machine learning and artificial intelligence models. The execution of the models is performed both in Amazon Web Services and in on‐premises clouds with the OSCAR framework for serverless scientific computing. In both cases, the computing infrastructure grows elastically according to the demand adopting scale‐to‐zero approaches to minimize costs. The web interface provides an improved user experience by simplifying the use of the models. The usage of machine learning in a computing platform that can use both on‐premises clouds and public clouds constitutes a step forward in the adoption of serverless computing for scientific applications.
Arthropod prey vary among orders in their nutrient and exoskeleton content
Authors: Reeves Jacob T. , Fuhlendorf Samuel D. , Davis Craig A. , Wilder Shawn M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractInsectivores gain macronutrients and elements from consuming arthropod prey, but must also deal with indigestible components (i.e., exoskeleton) of prey. For example, avian chicks (e.g., northern bobwhites; Colinus virginianus) have limited gut space, and ingesting prey with relatively higher proportions of indigestible components may impact assimilation efficiency, growth, and survival. The ability of insectivores to choose higher quality prey would depend on prey taxa varying consistently in nutritional content. We tested whether there were consistent differences among taxonomic orders of arthropod prey in their macronutrient (protein and lipid), elemental (C and N), and exoskeleton content. We used northern bobwhite chicks as our focal insectivore and focused on their potential prey as a case study. We also tested the influence of indigestible exoskeleton on the measurement of macronutrient content and the ability of elemental content to predict macronutrients. We found large and consistent variation in macronutrient and elemental content between arthropod orders. Some orders had consistently high protein content and low exoskeleton content (i.e., Araneae) and are likely higher quality prey for insectivores. Abundant orders common in the diets of insectivores, like Hymenoptera and Coleoptera, had high exoskeleton content and low protein content. We also found support for the ability of elements to predict macronutrients and found that metabolizable (i.e., exoskeleton removed) elemental content better predicted macronutrient content. A better understanding of arthropod nutrient content is critical for elucidating the role of spatial and temporal variation in prey communities in shaping the growth and survival of insectivores.
Bridging implementation gaps to connect large ecological datasets and complex models
Authors: Raiho Ann M. , Nicklen E. Fleur , Foster Adrianna C. , Roland Carl A. , Hooten Mevin B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractMerging robust statistical methods with complex simulation models is a frontier for improving ecological inference and forecasting. However, bringing these tools together is not always straightforward. Matching data with model output, determining starting conditions, and addressing high dimensionality are some of the complexities that arise when attempting to incorporate ecological field data with mechanistic models directly using sophisticated statistical methods. To illustrate these complexities and pragmatic paths forward, we present an analysis using tree‐ring basal area reconstructions in Denali National Park (DNPP) to constrain successional trajectories of two spruce species (Picea mariana and Picea glauca) simulated by a forest gap model, University of Virginia Forest Model Enhanced—UVAFME. Through this process, we provide preliminary ecological inference about the long‐term competitive dynamics between slow‐growing P. mariana and relatively faster‐growing P. glauca. Incorporating tree‐ring data into UVAFME allowed us to estimate a bias correction for stand age with improved parameter estimates. We found that higher parameter values for P. mariana minimum growth under stress and P. glauca maximum growth rate were key to improving simulations of coexistence, agreeing with recent research that faster‐growing P. glauca may outcompete P. mariana under climate change scenarios. The implementation challenges we highlight are a crucial part of the conversation for how to bring models together with data to improve ecological inference and forecasting.
Contrasting microbial communities on male and female flowers of a dioecious plant, Mallotus japonicus (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Marre Maxime , Ushio Masayuki , Sakai Shoko 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFlowers play a central role in plant reproduction by dispersing and receiving pollen grains delivered by animal vectors or air. They are rich in various nutrients, and therefore, provide an ideal habitat for many microbes. Recent studies have revealed that flower microbial communities can be highly variable among species, individuals, or even floral parts. However, sexual differences in flower microbial communities have rarely been investigated. In this study, we analyzed the flower prokaryotic communities of a dioecious plant (male and female flowers are produced on different individuals), Mallotus japonicus, in its natural habitat in Otsu, Japan. Using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, we found a differentiation in microbial communities between male and female flowers. Procaryotes on male flowers were relatively diverse, and included several dominant amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), mainly from the Gammaproteobacteria. These ASVs were also found on the body surface of flower visitor insects, suggesting that the visitors dispersed these microbes when they visited the flowers. On the other hand, female flower samples were overwhelmingly dominated by a single bacterial sequence from the Alphaproteobacteria, which showed a peak of relative abundance at the middle of the flowering season. The bacterium had already been present at anthesis, and its relative abundance on flower visitors was low. Flower visitors may have little effect on the microbial composition on female flowers. The lower diversity of microbes on female flowers than on male flowers suggests that the female flowers function as a stronger filter, possibly related to a strong defense against antagonists. These differences may be associated with different reproductive strategies of male and female flowers. This study indicates that dioecious plants provide unique opportunities to study roles of microbes in the evolution of floral traits that have mostly been overlooked in pollination ecology.
Indocyanine green fluorescence for parathyroid gland identification and function prediction: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kim Do Hyun , Kim So‐Hyun , Jung Jaehoon , Kim Sung Won , Hwang Se Hwan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the diagnostic accuracies of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence for identifying parathyroid glands during surgery and predicting the postoperative function.MethodsFrom six databases, 21 studies were finally included in the study. True‐positive, true‐negative, false‐positive, and false‐negative data were extracted for the analysis. The quality of each study was analyzed using the QUADAS‐2 tool.ResultsThe sensitivity of ICG‐based parathyroid gland identification was 0.9380 (95% CI [0.9003, 0.9621]). The diagnostic odds ratio for ICG‐based prediction of parathyroid gland function was 54.5652 [13.2059, 225.4570]. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.909. Fluorescence intensity‐based prediction presented higher diagnostic accuracy than that of score‐based prediction. The incidence of postoperative hypoparathyroidism was higher in the group with a zero ICG score compared to the high scored group.ConclusionsIdentification of parathyroid gland and prediction of postoperative function using ICG are valuable to patients undergoing thyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy.