bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating BPMN and DMN: Modeling and Analysis
Authors: de Leoni Massimiliano , Felli Paolo , Montali Marco 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe operational backbone of modern organizations is the target of business process management, where business process models are produced to describe how the organization should react to events and coordinate the execution of activities so as to satisfy its business goals. At the same time, operational decisions are made by considering internal and external contextual factors, according to decision models that are typically based on declarative, rule-based specifications that describe how input configurations correspond to output results. The increasing importance and maturity of these two intertwined dimensions, those of processes and decisions, have led to a wide range of data-aware models and associated methodologies, such as BPMN for processes and DMN for operational decisions. While it is important to analyze these two aspects independently, it has been pointed out by several authors that it is also crucial to analyze them in combination. In this paper, we provide a native, formal definition of DBPMN models, namely data-aware and decision-aware processes that build on BPMN and DMN S-FEEL, illustrating their use and giving their formal execution semantics via an encoding into Data Petri nets (DPNs). By exploiting this encoding, we then build on previous work in which we lifted the classical notion of soundness of processes to this richer, data-aware setting, and show how the abstraction and verification techniques that were devised for DPNs can be directly used for DBPMN models. This paves the way towards even richer forms of analysis, beyond that of assessing soundness, that are based on the same technique.
Wirkung visueller und auditiver Hinweise auf die visuelle Aufmerksamkeit und Lernergebnisse beim Einsatz physikalischer Lernvideos
Authors: Watzka Bianca , Hoyer Christoph , Ertl Bernhard , Girwidz Raimund 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungLernende haben oft Schwierigkeiten, Informationen aus visuellen, dynamischen Lernmedien zu extrahieren. Daher werden diese häufig durch Hinweise ergänzt, welche die visuelle Aufmerksamkeit steuern und den Lernerfolg verbessern können.Bisher ist offen, wie gut der Lernerfolg beim Lernen mit Videos in Abhängigkeit von der Hinweismodalität vorhergesagt werden kann und welche Rolle dabei die visuelle Aufmerksamkeit spielt. Das Ziel dieser Studie ist, die Hinweismodalität zu variieren, um den Lernerfolg zu beeinflussen und dabei zu untersuchen, wie viel der so erzeugten Varianzen im Lernerfolg durch die visuelle Aufmerksamkeit erklärt werden können.Dazu wurden zwei Videos von Wirbelstromexperimenten erstellt und mit Hinweisen versehen, die entweder visuell als Kombination aus Textfeldern und Spotlights oder auditiv als gesprochener Text implementiert waren. 40 Lehramtsstudierende wurden zufällig der visuellen oder auditiven Bedingung zugeteilt. Ein Eye-Tracker zeichnete die Blickbewegungen auf. Die Vor- und Nachtestung erfolgte durch Fragebögen, die affektive und kognitive Lernfaktoren erfassten.Verglichen mit Textfeldern und Spotlights führten gesprochene Hinweise zu einer höheren visuellen Aufmerksamkeit und zu besseren Lernergebnissen. Allerdings förderten Textfelder und Spotlights die Anwendung der Fachsprache besser als gesprochene Hinweise. Bemerkenswert dabei ist, dass die visuelle Aufmerksamkeit bei den Lernergebnissen auf das durch den gesprochenen Hinweis adressierte Experiment und somit auf das Videomaterial bezogen war. Im Gegensatz dazu war beim Erwerb der Fachtermini die visuelle Aufmerksamkeit auf die Textfelder und somit auf die Hinweise ausschlaggebend.Aus den Ergebnissen lässt sich für die Gestaltung von Demonstrationsvideos ableiten, dass die Hinweismodalität auf die Lernziele abgestimmt werden sollte.
Towards a Circular Economy for African Islands: an Analysis of Existing Baselines and Strategies
Authors: Andriamahefazafy M. , Failler P. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn recent years, the concept of circular economy has gained increasing attention from both businesses and governments. The African continent has started to adopt circular economy–related policies at national or regional levels, but it is not yet mainstream. Literature on circular economy has mainly focused on developed countries in the global north with limited attention given to the potential of circular economy for developing countries especially in the context of African islands. In this paper, we fill this gap by providing existing baselines regarding CE for 9 African islands and present their existing strategies that could foster the development of a circular economy. Adopting the Ellen MacArthur Foundation diagram and the ReX framework, we use different components of the combined frameworks to situate the various initiatives. We show that African islands have led an array of initiatives especially in waste management and also in regenerating natural resources. However, various challenges remain, such as the lack of national umbrella frameworks that would ensure circularity across actions. Countries with more favourable socio-economic and political contexts such as Reunion Island or Mauritius implement policies relating to a circular economy. However, these countries and others, such as Maldives or Seychelles, also have a high level of material consumption that requires changes from production to consumption stages. Countries with challenging contexts, such as Madagascar, Guinea-Bissau, Sao Tome and Principe, Comoros and to a lesser extent Cabo Verde, have less dedicated policies but various dispersed activities such as using renewable energy that could contribute to circularity. Extraction of natural resources in these countries remains an important source of growth that requires a systemic change towards circularity. Embracing a circular economy presents various opportunities to African islands especially considering the blue economy agendas adopted in these islands.
A critique of the ‘as–if’ approach to machine ethics
Authors: You Jun Kyung 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this paper, I argue that the replication of the effect of ethical decision-making is insufficient for achieving functional morality in artificial moral agents (AMAs). This approach is named the “as–if” approach to machine ethics. I object to this approach on the grounds that the “as if” approach requires one to commit to substantive meta-ethical claims about morality that are at least unwarranted, and perhaps even wrong. To defend this claim, this paper does three things: 1. I explain Heidegger’s Enframing [Gestell] and my notion of “Ready-Ethics,” which, in combination, can hopefully provide a plausible account for the motivation behind the “as if” approach; 2. I go over specific examples of Ethical AI projects to show how the “as if” approach commits these projects to versions of moral generalism and moral naturalism. I then explain the flaws of the views that the “as if” approach necessitates, and suggest that they cannot account for the justificatory process crucial to human moral life. I explain how Habermas’ account of the justificatory process could cast doubt on the picture of morality that the meta-ethical views of the “as if” approach proposes; 3. Finally, I defend the relevance of discussing these topics for the purpose of functional morality in AMAs.
Rapid diagnostic testing for antimicrobial stewardship: Utility in Asia Pacific
Authors: Apisarnthanarak Anucha , Kim Hong Bin , Moore Luke , Xiao Yonghong , Singh Sanjeev , Doi Yohei , Kwa Andrea Lay-Hoon , Sri La Sri Ponnampalavanar Sasheela , Cao Qing , Kim Shin-Woo , Lee Hyukmin , Santanirand Pitak 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRapid diagnostic testing (RDT) can provide prompt, accurate identification of infectious organisms and be a key component of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs. However, their use is less widespread in Asia Pacific than western countries. Cost can be prohibitive, particularly in less resource-replete settings. A selective approach is required, possibly focusing on the initiation of antimicrobials, for differentiating bacterial versus viral infections and identifying locally relevant tropical diseases. Across Asia Pacific, more data are needed on RDT use within AMS, focusing on the impact on antimicrobial usage, patient morbidity and mortality, and cost effectiveness. Moreover, in the absence of formal guidelines, regional consensus statements to guide clinical practice are warranted. These will provide a regionally relevant definition for RDT; greater consensus on its role in managing infections; advice on implementation and overcoming barriers; and guidance on optimizing human resource capacity. By addressing these issues, the outcomes of AMS programs should improve.
Biofilm accumulation in new flexible gastroscope channels in clinical use
Authors: Primo Mariusa Gomes Borges , Tipple Anaclara Ferreira Veiga , Costa Dayane de Melo , Guadagnin Simone Vieira Toledo , Azevedo Adriana Silva , Leão-Vasconcelos Lara Stefânia Netto de Oliveira , Alfa Michelle , Vickery Karen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjective:Assess the accumulation of protein and biofilm on the inner surfaces of new flexible gastroscope (FG) channels after 30 and 60 days of patient use and full reprocessing.Design:Clinical use study of biofilm accumulation in FG channels.Setting:Endoscopy service of a public hospital.Methods:First, we tested an FG in clinical use before the implementation of a revised reprocessing protocol (phase 1 baseline; n = 1). After replacement of the channels by new ones and the implementation of the protocol, 3 FGs were tested after 30 days of clinical use (phase 2; n = 3) and 3 FGs were tested after 60 days of clinical use (phase 3; n = 3), and the same FGs were tested in phase 2 and 3. Their biopsy, air, water, and air/water junction channels were removed and subjected to protein testing (n = 21), bacteriological culture (n = 21), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (n = 28). Air–water junction channels fragments were subjected to SEM only.Results:For the FGs, the average number of uses and reprocessing cycles was 60 times. Extensive biofilm was detected in air, water, and air–water junction channels (n = 18 of 28). All channels (28 of 28) showed residual matter, and structural damage was identified in most of them (20 of 28). Residual protein was detected in the air and water channels of all FG evaluated (phases 1–3), except for 1 air channel from phase 2. Bacteria were recovered from 8 of 21 channels, most air or water channels.Conclusions:The short time before damage and biofilm accumulation in the channels was evident and suggests that improving the endoscope design is necessary. Better reprocessing methods and channel maintenance are needed.
Factoids of Assyrian presence in Anatolia: towards a historiography of archaeological interpretation at Kültepe-Kaneš
Authors: Heffron Yağmur 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article offers a historiographical examination of how 20th-century ideas of assimilation and cultural purity have shaped our understanding of Bronze Age Anatolia, focusing on the canonical narrative of Assyrian presence at the site of Kültepe-Kaneš. According to this narrative, Old Assyrian merchants who lived and conducted business at Kaneš from the early 20th to the late 18th century BC left no trace in the archaeological record except for cuneiform tablets and cylinder seals, assimilating to local culture to such a degree that Kültepe’s archaeological record is entirely of Anatolian character. The accuracy of this view has met increasing circumspection in recent years. What remains to be articulated is why it remained unchallenged for so long, from its initial formulation in 1948 until the late 2000s, during which time it was widely repeated and reiterated. It is proposed here that the persistence and longevity of what is essentially a misconstrued notion of foreign (in)visibility in Kültepe’s material record can be explained by treating it as a ‘factoid’. The article first historicises the factoid’s formulation and subsequent development. This is followed by a critical evaluation of the evidentiary bases of the factoid to show how disciplinary tendencies to privilege certain categories of evidence over others have created artificial gaps in the data. Ultimately, the article seeks to highlight the epistemological implications of how one of the key sites of Bronze Age Anatolia came to represent a perceived rather than an observed case of indigenous cultural purity.
A new proof of the dimension gap for the Gauss map
Authors: JURGA NATALIA 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn [4], Kifer, Peres and Weiss showed that the Bernoulli measures for the Gauss map T(x)=1/x mod 1 satisfy a ‘dimension gap’ meaning that for some c > 0, supp dim μp < 1– c, where μp denotes the (pushforward) Bernoulli measure for the countable probability vector p. In this paper we propose a new proof of the dimension gap. By using tools from thermodynamic formalism we show that the problem reduces to obtaining uniform lower bounds on the asymptotic variance of a class of potentials.
Risk factors for death or mechanical ventilation time after bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis in a developing country
Authors: Jonas Marina C. , Carmona Fabio , Caneo Luiz F. , Turquetto Aida L. R. , Jatene Marcelo B. , Manso Paulo H. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground:Glenn procedure is performed for patients with cyanotic CHD and univentricular physiology and has a survival rate above 90%.Aim:To evaluate the risk factors associated with a poor outcome after Glenn procedure.Methods:The data for this retrospective analysis were collected from a regional Brazilian registry of congenital heart surgeries (ASSIST initiative) from 2014 to 2019. Data from 97 patients who underwent the Glenn procedure were considered. The primary outcomes were prolonged mechanical ventilation (>24 hours post-operatively) or in-hospital death, alone and combined.Results:The overall in-hospital mortality was 13.4% (n = 13). Prolonged mechanical ventilation occurred in 52% (n = 51) of the patients. Our analysis found that risk factors for death or prolonged post-operative mechanical ventilation were cardiopulmonary bypass duration and post-operative lactate, whereas weight-for-age z-score and age at surgery were risk factors for prolonged mechanical ventilation. Cardiopulmonary bypass duration increased (adjusted odds ratio: 1.02; 95 % CI: 1.01, 1.03) and age at surgery decreased (adjusted odds ratio: 0.96; 95 % CI: 0.93, 0.99) the odds of the combined outcome.Conclusions:Age at surgery, post-operative lactate, and low-weight-for-age z-score are associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation and death following the Glenn procedure.
The role of community participation in primary health care: practices of South African health committees
Authors: Haricharan Hanne Jensen , Stuttaford Maria , London Leslie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
Community participation is an essential component in a primary health care (PHC) and a human rights approach to health. In South Africa, community participation in PHC is organised through health committees linked to all clinics.

Aims:
This paper analyses health committees’ roles, their degree of influence in decision-making and factors impacting their participation.

Methods:
Data were collected through a mixed-methods study consisting of a cross-sectional survey, focus groups, interviews and observations. The findings from the survey were analysed using simple descriptive statistics. The qualitative data were analysed using thematic content analysis. Data on health committees’ roles were analysed according to a conceptual framework adapted from the Arnstein ladder of participation to measure the degree of participation.

Findings:
The study found that 55 per cent of clinics in Cape Town were linked to a health committee. The existing health committees faced sustainability and functionality challenges and primarily practised a form of limited participation. Their decision-making influence was curtailed, and they mainly functioned as a voluntary workforce assisting clinics with health promotion talks and day-to-day operational tasks. Several factors impacted health committee participation, including lack of clarity on health committees’ roles, health committee members’ skills, attitudes of facility managers and ward councillors, limited resources and support and lack of recognition.

Conclusions:
To create meaningful participation, health committee roles should be defined in accordance with a PHC and human rights framework. Their primary role should be to function as health governance structures at facility level, but they should also have access to influence policy development. Consideration should be given to their potential involvement in addressing social determinants of health. Effective participation requires an enabling environment, including support, financial resources and training.
Gender Attitudes and Candidate Preferences in the 2016 U.S. Presidential Primary and General Elections
Authors: Long Meri T. , Dawe Ryan , Suhay Elizabeth 
Published: June 2021

AbstractScholars increasingly recognize that voters’ attitudes about gender shape their electoral preferences. Yet previous research has not captured important nuances of the relationship between gender attitudes and electoral choice. We argue that the effects of gender attitudes are not unidirectional and interact in complex ways with voters’ perceptions of candidates, depending not only on candidates’ sex but also on their gender-relevant characteristics and values. We draw on an original survey of Americans during the 2016 elections that measured three gender attitudes—hostile sexism, modern sexism, and traditional gender roles—and evaluations of primary and general election candidates. Our study design increases analytical leverage by examining actual and hypothetical candidate matchups. We find that among Democrats, hostile sexists were drawn to Bernie Sanders, but gender traditionalists preferred Hillary Clinton. Our results also suggest that if Sanders had been the Democratic nominee, gender egalitarians would have strongly supported him over Donald Trump, as they did Clinton.
The legacy of Frank H. Knight for the politics of financial governance
Authors: Clarke Chris 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe politics of financial governance under conditions of uncertainty has re-emerged as a significant issue for scholars of International Political Economy and related fields, not least because of the fallout from the 2007-2008 financial crisis. In this article I assess the legacy of Frank H. Knight's Risk, Uncertainty, and Profit for debates about reconceptualising financial governance and fostering financial stability. I argue Knight's book is productive in assisting understanding of the fallacies of the ‘risk-based’ economic theory tending to underpin financial governance, in particular drawing attention to the limitations of social scientific knowledge that reduce governance capacity and increase uncertainty in financial markets. I further argue, after Knight's deliberately paradoxical approach, that uncertainty in finance might be beyond regulation but at the same time there is still a societal need to attempt to achieve a politics of uncertainty that can cope with ignorance of the future through experimental governmental efforts.
Gute Demenzpflege ist wie…Jazz?
Authors: Vögeli Samuel 
Published: June 2021

Was ist zu diesem Thema bekannt? Improvisation ist ein zentraler Bestandteil professioneller Pflege und setzt ein hohes Maß an Erfahrung bei Pflegenden voraus. Dennoch wird Improvisation häufig geringgeschätzt. Pflege wird deshalb oft mit technischen Berufen verglichen. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Um einem trivialen Technikparadigma in der Pflege gegenzusteuern, empfiehlt es sich, improvisatorische Praktiken – wie etwa den Jazz – zum Vergleich und Maßstab heranzuziehen. Was sind die Auswirkungen für die Praxis? In der Aus- und Weiterbildung sowie in der betrieblichen Praxisentwicklung sollten in Zukunft mehr Raum, Zeit und Ressourcen für die Förderung der Improvisationskompetenz der Pflegenden zur Verfügung stehen.
Aufsuchende psychiatrische Pflege
Authors: Sprecher Nicolaj , Richter Dirk , Gurtner Caroline 
Published: June 2021

Was ist zu diesem Thema bekannt? Die aufsuchende psychiatrische Pflege gewinnt zunehmend an Relevanz. Hingegen ist die Entwicklung der aufsuchenden Versorgungsstrukturen in den westlichen Industriestaaten unterschiedlich weit fortgeschritten. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Der Artikel schafft eine Übersicht über die Entwicklung verschiedener Versorgungsangebote, Kompetenzprofile und Organisationsstrukturen in Großbritannien und den USA und zeigt Herausforderungen im deutschsprachigen Raum auf. Was sind die Auswirkungen für die Praxis? Aufsuchende psychiatrisch Pflegende sowie Nutzende sollten zunehmend in die Entwicklung und Evaluation von Angebotsstrukturen einbezogen werden.
Flood‐Induced Recharge of Matrix Water in a Vertic Forest Soil
Authors: Morales Savannah R. , Lemon Mary Grace T. , Stewart Ryan D. , Keim Richard F. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractVertisols shrink and swell with changes in soil moisture, influencing hydraulic properties. Vertisols are often in floodplains, yet the importance of flooding as a source of soil moisture remains poorly understood. We used blue dye and deuterated water as tracers to determine the role of the macropore network in matrix recharge under artificial flood durations of 3 and 31 days in large soil monoliths extracted from a forested soil. Gravimetric soil moisture content increased by 47% in the first three days, then increased only 3.5% from day 3–31. Post‐flood moisture content was greatest in the organic‐rich, top 10 cm and was lower at 10–75 cm where organic matter was less. Deuterium concentration revealed that soil moisture in the top 10 cm was quickly dominated by artificial flood water, but at depth remained <80% floodwater even after 31 days. Pervasive dye staining of ped surfaces in the top 4 cm indicated connectivity to flood waters but staining at depth was less and highly variable. The isotopic composition of soil water at depth continued to shift toward flood water despite no differences in dye staining between days 3 and 31. Results indicate flooding initially but incompletely recharges matrix water via macropores and suggest the importance of flooding as a source of matrix recharge in vertic floodplain soils may depend more on flood frequency than duration. Isotopic composition of matrix water in vertic soils depends on both advective and diffusional processes, with diffusion becoming more dominant as porosity decreases.