bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ring Constructions and Generation of the Unbounded Derived Module Category
Authors: Cummings Charley 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe consider the smallest triangulated subcategory of the unbounded derived module category of a ring that contains the injective modules and is closed under set indexed coproducts. If this subcategory is the entire derived category, then we say that injectives generate for the ring. In particular, we ask whether, if injectives generate for a collection of rings, do injectives generate for related ring constructions, and vice versa. We provide sufficient conditions for this statement to hold for various constructions including recollements, ring extensions and module category equivalences.
Seismic performance evaluation and risk assessment of typical reinforced concrete frame buildings with masonry infill and conventional vertical extension in Nepal
Authors: Pradhan Sujan , Li Yuebing , Sanada Yasushi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMany reinforced concrete (RC) frame buildings in Nepal were significantly damaged by the 7.8 magnitude (Mw) earthquake in Nepal on April 25, 2015. To contribute to mitigate future earthquake disasters, the current study focuses on two specific characteristics of residential RC frame buildings in the capital city of Nepal, Kathmandu: the application of brick masonry infill to exterior and partition walls, and the conventional vertical extension of building stories different from the design. Although these factors are likely to significantly affect the seismic performance, their effects are frequently neglected in practical design and construction management in developing countries. Hence, the main objective of this research is to investigate and clarify the seismic performance of RC frame buildings considering the above factors through experimental and numerical investigations. The present paper (1) briefly introduces the characteristics of a typical residential RC frame building in Kathmandu, (2) illustrates the numerical modeling parametrically considering three different contributions of brick masonry infill walls and (3) investigates the seismic performance of the RC frame building considering the effects of the infill wall modeling and the vertical extension through numerical analyses. Consequently, it was found that the consideration of the in-plane stiffness and strength of the infill walls resulted in both positive and negative contributions to the seismic performance of low-rise (up to three stories) and medium-rise (more than three stories) buildings respectively, quantitatively clarifying significant effects of the presence of infill and the vertical extension. These findings contribute to provide realistic solutions to upgrade the seismic performance by utilizing or removing the brick masonry infill walls or by managing the building stories to mitigate future earthquake disasters on typical RC frame buildings not only in Nepal but also in other countries with similar backgrounds.
A Widening Gap Between Official Teacher Training and Professional Life in Norway
Authors: Smeplass Eli , Leiulfsrud Håkon 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA sociological case study of Norwegian teachers reveals how teacher education reforms have inadequate definitions of teacher competence. Legislators, officials and the media continue to uphold the image of a school system and teaching profession in crisis in several OECD countries. For the Nordic welfare states, education is a public good. Mediocre results in international comparisons cause public debate regarding the quality of the educational system. This has led to a devaluation of teachers and teacher education. The aim of this article is to analyze and discuss how teacher education is valued and converted by Norwegian teachers. Interviews and written accounts from novice teachers and persons with teacher training working outside of the school environment suggest an alternative narrative in which teachers’ competences are in high demand. The results and discussion reveal a more nuanced way to view teachers’ expertise as an asset in a multitude of careers.
MP-RRT#: a Model Predictive Sampling-based Motion Planning Algorithm for Unmanned Aircraft Systems
Authors: Primatesta Stefano , Osman Abdalla , Rizzo Alessandro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper introduces a kinodynamic motion planning algorithm for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS), called MP-RRT#. MP-RRT#joins the potentialities of RRT#with a strategy based on Model Predictive Control to efficiently solve motion planning problems under differential constraints. Similar to other RRT-based algorithms, MP-RRT#explores the map constructing an asymptotically optimal graph. In each iteration the graph is extended with a new vertex in the reference state of the UAS. Then, a forward simulation is performed using a Model Predictive Control strategy to evaluate the motion between two adjacent vertices, and a trajectory in the state space is computed. As a result, the MP-RRT#algorithm eventually generates a feasible trajectory for the UAS satisfying dynamic constraints. Simulation results obtained with a simulated drone controlled with the PX4 autopilot corroborate the validity of the MP-RRT#approach.
Influence of Second-Order Effects on Thermoelastic Behaviour in the Proximity of Crack Tips on Titanium
Authors: Palumbo D. , De Finis R. , Di Carolo F. , Vasco-Olmo J. , Diaz F. A. , Galietti U. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) is used to describe the stress state and the mechanical behaviour of a material in the presence of cracks. SIF can be experimentally assessed using contactless techniques such as Thermoelastic Stress Analysis (TSA). The classic TSA theory concerns the relationship between temperature and stress variations and was successfully applied to fracture mechanics for SIF evaluation and crack tip location. This theory is no longer valid for some materials, such as titanium and aluminium, where the temperature variations also depend on the mean stress.

Objective
The objective of this work was to present a new thermoelastic equation that includes the mean stress dependence to investigate the thermoelastic effect in the proximity of crack tips on titanium.

Methods
Westergaard’s equations and Williams’s series expansion were employed in order to express the thermoelastic signal, including the second-order effect. Tests have been carried out to investigate the differences in SIF evaluation between the proposed approach and the classical one.

Results
A first qualitative evaluation of the importance of considering second-order effects in the thermoelastic signal in proximity of the crack tip in two loading conditions at two different loading ratios, R = 0.1 and R = 0.5, consisted of comparing the experimental signal and synthetic TSA maps. Moreover, the SIF, evaluated with the proposed and classical approaches, was compared with values from the ASTM standard formulas.

Conclusions
The new formulation demonstrates its improved capability for describing the stress distribution in the proximity of the crack tip. The effect of the correction cannot be neglected in either Williams’s or Westergaard’s model.
Impact of diatomite addition on lead immobilization in air pollution control residues from a municipal solid waste incinerator
Authors: Kitamura Hiroki , Ueshima Masato , Back Seungki , Sutthasil Noppharit , Sakanakura Hirofumi , Ishigaki Tomonori , Yamada Masato 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAir pollution control (APC) residues, which are known to be the byproducts of incineration treatment, exhibit a high leaching potential of toxic metals. Calcium silicate hydrate (C-S–H), which is a major hydration product of hardened cement and immobilizes toxic metal, can be formed by the reaction of Ca with pozzolanic Si in a highly alkaline environment. Toxic metals might be immobilized by the addition of pozzolanic material to APC residues (instead of using cement), which is a Ca source and provides an alkaline condition. In this study, diatomite, which mainly comprises amorphous silica (SiO2·nH2O), was investigated as a pozzolanic material for Pb immobilization in APC residues obtained from a municipal solid waste incinerator. APC residues were cured with and without the addition of diatomite at different temperatures. When diatomite was added to APC residues, pozzolanic phases such as C-S–H gel were formed via the consumption of Ca(OH)2 and CaClOH. Compared to APC residues cured without diatomite, the leaching of Pb decreased by 99% for APC residues cured for 14 days with 10% diatomite at 70 °C. The results of sequential chemical extraction showed that water-soluble Pb in APC residues was reduced from 10.3% to nearly zero by the pozzolanic reaction. Consequently, the leaching amount of Pb dropped below 0.3 mg/L (Japanese criteria for landfill disposal). Overall, these experiments provide promising results regarding the possibility of using diatomite for pretreating APC residues.
Calcium silicate ameliorates zinc deficiency and toxicity symptoms in barley plants through improvements in nitrogen metabolism and photosynthesis
Authors: Paradisone Valeria , Navarro-León Eloy , Ruiz Juan M. , Esposito Sergio , Blasco Begoña 
Published: November 2021

AbstractZinc (Zn) deficiency causes serious issues to plant growth and development, negatively affecting crops in many world regions. On the other hand, Zn toxicity impairs plant growth, producing physiological alterations, and even cell death. In plants, two of the processes that most determine growth are nitrogen (N) metabolism and photosynthesis. In the last decades, several authors proved that silicon (Si) and calcium (Ca) mitigate the effects of various abiotic and biotic stresses in plants. The objective of this research is to study the effect of Si application to barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Nure) plants grown under Zn deficiency and Zn toxicity. Hence, barley plants were grown in hydroponics and supplied with a low Zn dose (0.01 µM ZnSO4) and a high Zn dose (100 µM ZnSO4) and were supplied with CaSiO3. Parameters related to Zn accumulation, N metabolism, and photosynthesis were measured. Zn stress affected leaf Zn concentration and reduced biomass in barley plants. Both Zn toxicity and deficiency inhibited N metabolism and enhanced photorespiration, increasing stress symptoms. CaSiO3 mitigated Zn stress effects, probably regulating Zn levels in plant cells and enhancing N metabolism and photosynthesis. We conclude that CaSiO3 could be beneficial to grow barley plants in soils with high or low availability of Zn.
Combination Therapy in Renal Cell Carcinoma: the Best Choice for Every Patient?
Authors: Rossi Ernesto , Bersanelli Melissa , Gelibter Alain Jonathan , Borsellino Nicolò , Caserta Claudia , Doni Laura , Maruzzo Marco , Mosca Alessandra , Pisano Carmela , Verzoni Elena , Zucali Paolo Andrea 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Therapeutic alternatives to treat metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) are increasing, and combination therapies, including antiangiogenic agents and tyrosine kinase/mTOR/immune checkpoint inhibitors, are identified as the gold standard driven by the results of recent clinical studies. Nevertheless, the real-world RCC population is very heterogeneous, with categories of patients not represented in the enrolled trial population who may not benefit more from these treatments. The purpose of this expert review is to assess the rationale on which tyrosine kinase alone may still be a viable first-line treatment option for some subgroups of patients with mRCC.

Recent Findings
The first-line treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitor monotherapy can still be considered an effective tool for addressing selected mRCCs, as highlighted by the successful outcome in a range of subjects such as favorable-risk patients, the ones suffering from autoimmune diseases, those with pancreatic or lung metastases, or previously undergoing organ transplantation and elderly subjects.

Summary
Some selected categories of patients may still benefit from monotherapy with TKI, and smart sequential therapies can also be considered instead of a combination strategy. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors can also act as immune modulator agents, boosting the immune response to facilitate and potentiate the therapeutic effectiveness of subsequent immunotherapy.
Development of the hungarian version of the short dark triad questionnaire (SD3-HU): psychometric properties and validity
Authors: Szabó Zsolt Péter , Czibor Andrea , Neve Judith , Restás Péter , Hadarics Márton , Szijjártó Linda , Simon Evelin , Marót Janka Laura , Kun Ágota , Bereczkei Tamás 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe present studies were aimed at developing the Hungarian version of the Short Dark Triad questionnaire (SD3-HU). The internal structure of the translated questionnaire was examined with confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling. Then the construct and concurrent validity of the Hungarian version was tested. The obtained results were based on a total of seven independent samples (NTOTAL = 2161). While the internal structure of the SD3-HU showed inconsistencies with that of the original SD3, it proved consistent with adaptations developed in other languages. The SD3-HU showed adequate construct and concurrent validity. In line with the conceptual framework of, and previous empirical findings on the Dark Triad, each dark trait showed the expected associations with broad personality dimensions, sensation seeking, character strengths, work motivation, and counterproductive work behaviors. Furthermore, self-ratings on the SD3-HU were consistent with peer ratings. In sum, the SD3-HU is a reliable and valid measure of the dark traits.
Diagenesis and reservoir space types of alkaline lake-type shale in Fengcheng Formation of Mahu Sag, Junggar Basin, China
Authors: Zhifeng Yang , Yong Tang , Xuguang Guo , Liliang Huang , Qiusheng Chang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUsing observations and descriptions of drilling cores, image logging, microscopic section, argon ion polishing field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and whole-rock trace element analysis, the study of shale reservoir diagenesis and space types in the Fengcheng Formation of the Mahu Sag was conducted. Considering the trace element contents and their ratios (Sr/Ba, V/Ni, Th/U, V/(V + Ni), U/Mo, and Sr/Cu), the Fengcheng Formation is formed in a dry and hot continental lacustrine basin with a paleoenvironment of saltwater and anoxic/lean oxygen conditions. The shale reservoirs of the Fengcheng Formation with the characteristic of multisource mixed sedimentation include terrigenous clastic, volcaniclastics, and carbonate rocks. Currently, the Fengcheng reservoir of the Mahu Sag is in the middle of diagenetic-stage B. The principal factors for reservoir densification are compaction, dissolution, carbonate mineral cementation, and clay mineral cementation. The Fengcheng Formation develops multiple reservoir storage space types, such as rock fractures, stylolites, and micro–nanoscale pore-throat systems. The macroreservoir space types include tectonic, induced, bedding, and dissolution–expansion fracture types. The microreservoir space types include microfractures, stylolites, and micro–nanoscale pore throats. The research showed that the Fengcheng Formation has tectonic fracture-pore systems (tectonic fracture-type reservoirs) and stylolite-matrix pore-tectonic microfracture systems (shale oil reservoirs), forming the shale oil preponderant charging channel network. Reservoir space type and its spatial distribution are the principal factors for shale oil accumulation of the Fengcheng Formation in the Mahu Sag.
Mineralogical and geochemical changes in conglomerate reservoir rocks induced by CO2 influx at Mihályi-Répcelak natural analogue, NW-Hungary
Authors: Forray Viktória , Király Csilla , Demény Attila , Cseresznyés Dóra , Szabó Csaba , Falus György 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA temporary solution to massive anthropogenic CO2 emissions can be the capture of industrial CO2 from flue gas and sequestering it in geological formations. For safe and effective storage of CO2, interaction processes in the rock-pore fluid–CO2 system should be known. Investigation of natural CO2 accumulations provides valuable examples to what physical and chemical effects could be expected during CO2 influx at future CO2 storage sites. One of the key controlling factors of the processes occurring in natural CO2 reservoirs is the lithology of the storage rocks, which is primarily determined by the formation conditions of these rocks. In this respect, the lithologies of individual CO2 accumulation areas influence the processes between the host rock, the pore fluid, and the CO2 in different ways. In the current study, we focus on a well-studied natural CO2 storage reservoir, namely the Mihályi-Répcelak area, NW Hungary. We provide insight into the so far unstudied conglomerate reservoirs that represent a stratigraphically deeper reservoir unit with significantly different lithology and pore water compositions compared to the sandstone reservoirs. Our results indicate that dawsonite /NaAlCO3(OH)2/ formation also affected the conglomerate reservoirs, which indicates that at least part of the CO2 could be trapped in mineral form. An important role of salinity in reducing the CO2 mineral trapping capacity of the storage system is also demonstrated. Furthermore, H isotope analysis of diagenetic kaolinite was applied to trace the origin of the pore water that was present during the rock formation. Based on the data, dawsonite formation was induced by the flux of meteoric water that infiltrated during a warm and humid period and mixed with ascending CO2.
Hydraulic engineering analysis of Roman water infrastructure: a review of practice and possibilities
Authors: Crapper Martin , Motta Davide , Keenan-Jones Duncan , Monteleone Maria 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA short review is presented covering English-language publications where quantitative engineering analysis has been used to study and gain insight into how ancient Roman and Mediterranean water systems functioned. The review covers work on using technical engineering perspectives to try and understand the geometrical layout of water systems, quantitative work of a type readily accomplished by undergraduate civil engineering students, such as calculating the flow capacity of aqueducts and other conduits of known dimensions, and more involved studies using computational techniques usually applied by specialist engineers in research or industry. It is concluded that the many different levels of analyses employed have given insight into how Roman water systems worked, for example the amount of water they delivered, and the kinds of issues their designers and operators might have faced. It is hoped that this review will inspire further interdisciplinary study in Archaeohydrology, using modern engineering techniques to amplify and extend the story of Roman water systems told by archaeologists.
Multifunctional lipidic nanocarriers for effective therapy of glioblastoma: recent advances in stimuli-responsive, receptor and subcellular targeted approaches
Authors: Hegde Manasa Manjunath , Prabhu Suma , Mutalik Srinivas , Chatterjee Abhishek , Goda Jayant S. , Satish Rao B. S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundGlioblastoma, or glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), remains a fatal cancer type despite the remarkable progress in understanding the genesis and propagation of the tumor. Current treatment modalities, comprising mainly of surgery followed by adjuvant chemoradiation, are insufficient for improving patients' survival owing to existing hurdles, including the blood–brain barrier (BBB). In contemporary practice, the prospect of long-term survival or cure continues to be a challenge for patients suffering from GBM. This review provides an insight into the drug delivery strategies and the significant efforts made in lipid-based nanoplatform research to circumvent the challenges in optimal drug delivery in GBM.Area coveredOwing to the unique properties of lipid-based nanoplatforms and advancements in clinical translation, this article describes the application of various stimuli-responsive lipid nanocarriers and tumor subcellular organelle-targeted therapy to give an idea about the strategies that can be applied to enhance site-specific drug delivery for GBM. Furthermore, active targeting of drugs via surface-modified lipid-based nanostructures and recent findings in alternative therapeutic platforms such as gene therapy, immunotherapy, and multimodal therapy have also been overviewed.Expert opinionLipid-based nanoparticles stand out among the other nanocarriers explored for GBM drug delivery, as they support both passive and active drug targeting by crossing/bypassing the BBB at the same time minimizing toxicity and projects better pharmacological parameters. Although these nanocarriers could be a plausible choice for treating GBM, in-depth research is essential to advance neuro-oncology research and enhance outcomes in patients with brain tumors.
Novel P2-type layered medium-entropy ceramics oxide as cathode material for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Yan Shengxue , Luo Shaohua , Yang Liu , Feng Jian , Li Pengwei , Wang Qing , Zhang Yahui , Liu Xin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHigh-entropy oxides (HEOs) and medium-entropy oxides (MEOs) are new types of single-phase solid solution materials. MEOs have rarely been reported as positive electrode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). In this study, we first proposed the concept of the application of MEOs in SIBs. P2-type 3-cation oxide Na2/3Ni1/3Mn1/3Fe1/3O2 (NaNMF) and 4-cation oxide Na2/3Ni1/3Mn1/3Fe1/3−xAlxO2 (NaNMFA) were prepared using the solid-state method, rather than the doping technology. In addition, the importance of the concept of entropy stabilization in material performance and battery cycling was demonstrated by testing 3-cation (NaNMF) and 4-cation (NaNMFA) oxides in the same system. Thus, NaNMFA can provide a reversible capacity of about 125.6 mAh·g−1 in the voltage range of 2–4.2 V, and has enhanced cycle stability. The capacity and decay law of the MEO batteries indicate that the configurational entropy (1.28 R (NaNMFA) > 1.10 R (NaNMF)) of the cationic system, is the main factor affecting the structural and cycle stability of the electrode material. This work emphasizes that the rational design of MEOs with novel structures and different electrochemically active elements may be the strategy for exploring high-performance SIB cathode materials in next-generation energy storage devices.
AdjMix: simplifying and attending graph convolutional networks
Authors: Liu Xun , Lei Fangyuan , Xia Guoqing , Zhang Yikuan , Wei Wenguo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSimple graph convolution (SGC) achieves competitive classification accuracy to graph convolutional networks (GCNs) in various tasks while being computationally more efficient and fitting fewer parameters. However, the width of SGC is narrow due to the over-smoothing of SGC with higher power, which limits the learning ability of graph representations. Here, we propose AdjMix, a simple and attentional graph convolutional model, that is scalable to wider structure and captures more nodes features information, by simultaneously mixing the adjacency matrices of different powers. We point out that the key factor of over-smoothing is the mismatched weights of adjacency matrices, and design AdjMix to address the over-smoothing of SGC and GCNs by adjusting the weights to matching values. Experiments on citation networks including Pubmed, Citeseer, and Cora show that our AdjMix improves over SGC by 2.4%, 2.2%, and 3.2%, respectively, while achieving same performance in terms of parameters and complexity, and obtains better performance in terms of classification accuracy, parameters, and complexity, compared to other baselines.