bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quelle place pour le droit aux origines
de l’enfant adopté en France et au Québec ?
Authors: Giroux Michelle , Brunet Laurence 
Published: October 2021

Cadre de la recherche : L’étude porte
sur le droit à la connaissance des origines de l’enfant adopté dans une
perspective de droit comparé.
Objectifs : L’objectif de la recherche
est de proposer une analyse du dispositif français, datant du 22 janvier 2002,
et celui réformé en 2017 au Québec qui, l’un et l’autre, aménagent pour les
personnes adoptées l’accès à l’identité de leurs parents d’origine.
Méthodologie : Cette étude utilise
principalement une méthodologie positiviste de la recherche juridique analysant
la législation, la jurisprudence et les travaux de doctrine, ainsi que de droit
comparé (France/Québec).
Résultats : La recherche montre bien que
la France et le Québec ont cherché à reconsidérer la place de l’histoire de
l’enfant adopté en substituant le principe du secret sur les origines à une
logique favorisant la transparence. Pourtant, l’équilibre entre l’enfant et les
parents de naissance penche souvent en faveur de ces derniers qui peuvent
empêcher de libérer le secret, parfois même jusqu’après la mort.
Conclusions : L’assouplissement du droit
vers plus de transparence est un pas dans la bonne direction, mais l’exercice
semble inachevé tant que la question du droit à l’identité (incluant les
origines) – reconnu notamment dans la Convention de l’ONU relative aux droits de
l’enfant – des personnes adoptées et de celles conçues par procréation assistée,
ne sera pas discutée dans le cadre d’une réforme globale du droit.
Contribution : En analysant le droit
positif en vigueur en France et au Québec sur l’accès aux origines des personnes
adoptées, ce texte permet de comprendre les enjeux relatifs à cette question et
le difficile arbitrage entre les intérêts des enfants adoptés et des parents
d’origine. Il ouvre, de plus, la réflexion sur l’accès aux origines des
personnes conçues par procréation médicalement assistée.
Adoption internationale et
(re)définition du rapport aux origines : la mise en œuvre de la Convention de La
Haye sur la protection des enfants et la coopération en matière d’adoption
internationale (CLH93) au Bénin
Authors: Domingos Tanguy Simonella 
Published: October 2021

Cadre de la recherche : Le Bénin, pays
d’origine peu investi jusque-là dans l’adoption, a ratifié en 2018 la CLH93 qui
entraine une évolution de son système de protection de l’enfance et de la
perception locale de l’adoption.
Objectifs : Dans le cadre de ce numéro
qui interroge les « origines » sous différents angles, cette contribution
explore les transformations occasionnées par cette convention dans un contexte
social à l’ancrage traditionnel fort.
Méthodologie : Les analyses s’appuient
sur les données collectées dans les pays d’accueil et au Bénin, et s’inscrivent
dans mon parcours doctoral portant sur une étude comparative des politiques et
pratiques d’adoption internationale en France et en Allemagne.
Résultats : Il en ressort que l’origine
est une notion centrale dans la culture béninoise et qu’elle est étroitement
reliée à l’identité de l’individu. L’adoption est une pratique méconnue dans ce
contexte où se perpétuent les usages traditionnels de confiage d’enfants.
L’adoption internationale et la rupture qu’elle provoque dans l’identité de
l’enfant imposent une nouvelle conceptualisation de l’origine, au-delà de la
définition essentialiste qui y prévaut. La mise en œuvre adéquate de la CLH93
requiert des changements à plusieurs niveaux, et crée de nouvelles attentes
institutionnelles qui pourraient se révéler trop lourdes.
Conclusions : L’origine est au cœur des
débats sur l’adoption. Saisir l’origine dans ce cadre revient notamment à
s’interroger sur les représentations qui y sont associées localement, et à
prendre en compte les attentes spécifiques des familles biologiques, sans
pénaliser les adoptés.
Contribution : Cet article est une
contribution à une meilleure connaissance des pays d’origine, peu étudiés et
souvent enfermés dans une « uniformité de fait ». Il met en évidence la force
des usages traditionnels et les freins possibles à une mise en œuvre adéquate de
la CLH93 dans le contexte béninois.
La double appartenance familiale de
l’enfant placé
en famille d’accueil Banque-mixte: un équilibre
fragile
Authors: Chateauneuf Doris , Pagé Geneviève , Decaluwe Béatrice 
Published: October 2021

Cadre de la recherche : Les familles
d’accueil Banque-mixte accueillent des enfants en vue de les adopter. Les
enfants placés dans ce type de ressource sont généralement âgés de zéro à deux
ans et considérés à haut risque d’abandon, mais ils ne sont pas pour autant
adoptables au moment du placement, et la plupart d’entre eux continuent d’avoir
des contacts ponctuels avec leurs parents d’origine.
Objectifs : La présente étude jette un
éclairage sur les enjeux que pose la double appartenance familiale de l’enfant
pour les parents d’accueil. Elle vise à mieux comprendre comment les parents
d’accueil négocient cette double appartenance familiale pendant le placement de
l’enfant et tout au long du processus menant à son adoption.
Méthodologie : Pour répondre à ces
objectifs, trente et un entretiens semi-dirigés ont été réalisés auprès de
parents d’accueil Banque-mixte dans trois régions du Québec. Les parents ont été
interrogés à deux reprises, une première fois dans l’année suivant le début du
placement et une deuxième fois dix-huit mois plus tard.
Résultats : Les résultats de l’étude
s’articulent autour de quatre grands thèmes : 1) la perception des parents
d’accueil vis-à-vis des parents d’origine; 2) les craintes et appréhensions
vécues en lien avec la garde de l’enfant; 3) les enjeux d’appellation et de
désignation parentales; 4) le rôle des intervenants sociaux dans les contacts
entre les deux familles.
Conclusions : L’appartenance familiale
et les relations familiales des enfants placés en famille Banque-mixte reposent
sur un équilibre dont la fragilité s’explique en partie par les intentions
distinctes et parfois contradictoires des parents d’accueil et d’origine, mais
aussi par d’autres facteurs tels que la vulnérabilité des parents d’origine, le
profil des enfants placés et la variabilité des pratiques des intervenants
sociaux.
Contribution : Le placement en
Banque-mixte demeure peu étudié au Québec. Cette étude permet de mieux saisir
les différents enjeux sous-jacents à ce type de placement en termes de
dynamiques et de relations familiales.
A novel pyroptosis-associated gene signature for immune status and prognosis of cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Wu Zhengyuan , Chen Leilei , Jin Chaojie , Xu Jing , Zhang Xingqun , Yao Yi 
Published: October 2021

Background
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a life-threatening destructive malignancy. Pyroptosis significantly correlates with programmed tumor cell death and its microenvironment through active host-tumor crosstalk. However, the prognostic value of pyroptosis-associated gene signatures in CM remains unclear.

Methods
Gene profiles and clinical data of patients with CM were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to identify differentially expressed genes associated with pyroptosis and overall survival (OS). We constructed a prognostic gene signature using LASSO analysis, then applied immune cell infiltration scores and Kaplan-Meier, Cox, and pathway enrichment analyses to determine the roles of the gene signature in CM. A validation cohort was collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Results
Four pyroptosis-associated genes were identified and incorporated into a prognostic gene signature. Integrated bioinformatics findings showed that the signature correlated with patient survival and was associated with tumor growth and metastasis. The results of Gene Set Enrichment Analysis of a risk signature indicated that several enriched pathways are associated with cancer and immunity. The risk signature for immune status significantly correlated with tumor stem cells, the immune microenvironment, immune cell infiltration and immune subtypes. The expression of four pyroptosis genes significantly correlated with the OS of patients with CM and was related to the sensitivity of cancer cells to several antitumor drugs. A signature comprising four genes associated with pyroptosis offers a novel approach to the prognosis and survival of patients with CM and will facilitate the development of individualized therapy.
Analytical Study of Self-directed and Problem-Oriented Learning Sessions in Cardio-Respiratory Physiology
Authors: Palve Suchitra , Palve Sachin 
Published: October 2021

Background: Learner-centred methods for teaching knowledge in the undergraduate medical curriculum utilizing an integrated approach include active learning approaches such as Problem-oriented learning and self-directed learning are two types of education.
Aim and objectives: The study aimed to see if self-directed learning and a problem-solving approach to physiology may benefit first-year medical students.
Material and methods: 250 students enrolled in Phase I MBBS for two physiology modules: CVS and RS, were involved in this cross-sectional study. Group A (n=125) received self-directed learning sessions for similar topics, whereas Group B (n=125) received problem-oriented learning sessions. An objective evaluation of all subjects covered was done after each SDL and POL session, and the results were analyzed using an unpaired t-test.
Results: Cardiovascular physiology self-directed learning sessions, 25.6 % (32/125) of students received maximum scores (group A), whereas 21.6 % (27/125) received moderate grades. 31.2 % (39/125) of problem-oriented sessions received maximum points, whereas 47.2 % (59/125) of pulmonary system module (group A) sig. SDL sessions received intermediate points. The p values (n=0.008) (n=0.009) for both modules indicated a significant difference between 32.8 % (41/125) of those who earned maximum scores and 48 % (60/125) of those who received intermediate grades. With p values of 0.0192, 0.0190, and 0.01179, respectively, pupils achieving 80–89 %, and 70–79 % in both SDL and PBL, had significant variations in their total scores in their internal evaluation when SDL and POL were compared to their overall scores.
Conclusion: Self-directed learning sessions are less successful than problem-oriented learning sessions at communicating concepts. It takes time to raise learner’s awareness and prepare them for active; Techniques for learning that are centered.
Structures and Materials in Stretchable Electroluminescent Devices
Authors: Yin Hexing , Zhu Yuan , Youssef Kareem , Yu Zhibin , Pei Qibing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractStretchable electroluminescent (EL) devices are obtained by partitioning a large emission area into areas specifically for stretching and light‐emission (island–bridge structure). Buckled and textile structures are also shown effective to combine the conventional light emitting diode fabrication with elastic substrates for structure‐enabled stretchable EL devices. Meanwhile, intrinsically stretchable EL devices which are characterized with uniform stretchability down to microscopic scale are relatively less developed but promise simpler device structure and higher impact resistance. The challenges in fabricating intrinsically stretchable EL devices with high and robust performance are in many facets, including stretchable conductors, emissive materials, and compatible processes. For the stretchable transparent electrode, ionically conductive gel, conductive polymer coating, and conductor network in surface of elastomer are all proven useful. The stretchable EL materials are currently limited to conjugated polymers, conjugated polymers with surfactants and ionic conductors added to boost stretchability, and phosphor particles embedded in elastomer matrices. These emissive materials operate under different mechanisms, require different electrode materials and fabrication processes, and the corresponding EL devices face distinctive challenges. This review aims to provide a basic understanding of the materials meeting both the mechanical and electronic requirements and important techniques to fabricate the stretchable EL devices.
Sensitivity to the communicative partner's attentional state: A developmental study on mother–infant dyads in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii)
Authors: Dafreville Mawa , Hobaiter Catherine , Guidetti Michèle , Sillam‐Dussès David , Bourjade Marie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractGestural communication permeates all domains of chimpanzees' social life and is intentional in use. However, we still have only limited information on how young apes develop the sociocognitive skills needed for intentional communication. In this cross‐sectional study, we document the development of behavioral adjustment to the recipient's visual attention—considered a hallmark of intentional communication—in wild immature chimpanzees' gestural communication. We studied 11 immature chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii): three infants, four juveniles, and four adolescents gesturing towards their mother. We quantified silent‐visual, audible, and contact gestures indexed to maternal visual attention and inattention. We investigated unimodal adjustment, defined by the capacity of young chimpanzees to deploy fewer silent‐visual signals when their mothers did not show full visual attention towards them as compared with when they did. We then examined cross‐modal adjustment, defined as the capacity of chimpanzees to deploy more audible‐or‐contact gestures than silent‐visual gestures in the condition where their mothers did not show full visual attention as compared to when they did. Our results show a gradual decline in the use of silent‐visual gestures when the mother is not visually attentive with increasing age. The absence of silent‐visual gesture production toward a visually inattentive recipient (complete unimodal adjustment) was not fully in place until adolescence. Immature chimpanzees used more audible‐or‐contact gestures than silent‐visual ones when their mothers did not show visual attention and vice‐versa when they did. This cross‐modal adjustment was expressed in juveniles and adolescents but not in infants. Overall, this study shows that infant chimpanzees were limited in their sensitivity to maternal attention when gesturing, whereas adolescent chimpanzees adjusted their communication appropriately. Juveniles present an intermediate pattern with cross‐modal adjustment preceding unimodal adjustment and with variability in the age of onset.
Atomic Level Insights into Metal Halide Perovskite Materials by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Wei , Ono Luis K. , Xue Jiamin , Qi Yabing 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMetal halide perovskite materials (MHPMs) have attracted significant attention because of their superior optoelectronic properties and versatile applications. The power conversion efficiency of MHPM solar cells (PSCs) has skyrocketed to 25.5 %. Although the performance of PSCs is already competitive, several important challenges still need to be solved to realize commercial applications. A thorough understanding of surface atomic structures and structure–property relationships is at the heart of these remaining issues. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS) can be used to characterize the surface properties of MHPMs, which can offer crucial insights into MHPMs at the atomic scale. This Review summarizes recent progress in STM and STS studies on MHPMs, with a focus on the surface properties. We provide understanding from the comparative perspective of several different MHPMs. We also highlight a series of novel phenomena observed by STM and STS. Finally, we outline a few research topics of primary importance for future studies.
The interplay of protein engineering and glycoengineering to fine‐tune antibody glycosylation and its impact on effector functions
Authors: Wang Qiong , Wang Tiexin , Zhang Roushu , Yang Shuang , McFarland Kevin S. , Chung Cheng‐Yu , Jia Hongpeng , Wang Lai‐Xi , Cipollo John F. , Betenbaugh Michael J. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe N‐glycan pattern of an IgG antibody, attached at a conserved site within the fragment crystallizable (Fc) region, is a critical antibody quality attribute whose structural variability can also impact antibody function. For tailoring the Fc glycoprofile, glycoengineering in cell lines as well as Fc amino acid mutations have been applied. Multiple glycoengineered Chinese hamster ovary cell lines were generated, including defucosylated (FUT8KO), α‐2,6‐sialylated (ST6KI), and defucosylated α‐2,6‐sialylated (FUT8KOST6KI), expressing either a wild‐type anti‐CD20 IgG (WT) or phenylalanine to alanine (F241A) mutant. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization‐time of flight mass spectrometry characterization of antibody N‐glycans revealed that the F241A mutation significantly increased galactosylation and sialylation content and glycan branching. Furthermore, overexpression of recombinant human α‐2,6‐sialyltransferase resulted in a predominance of α‐2,6‐sialylation rather than α‐2,3‐sialylation for both WT and heavily sialylated F241A antibody N‐glycans. Interestingly, knocking out α‐1,6‐fucosyltransferase (FUT8KO), which removed core fucose, lowered the content of N‐glycans with terminal Gal and increased levels of terminal GlcNAc and Man5 groups on WT antibody. Further complement‐dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) analysis revealed that, regardless of the production cells, WT antibody samples have higher cytotoxic CDC activity with more exposed Gal residues compared to their individual F241A mutants. However, the FUT8KO WT antibody, with a large fraction of bi‐GlcNAc structures (G0), displayed the lowest CDC activity of all WT antibody samples. Furthermore, for the F241A mutants, a higher CDC activity was observed for α‐2,6‐ compared to α‐2,3‐sialylation. Antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) analysis revealed that the defucosylated WT and F241A mutants showed enhanced in vitro ADCC performance compared to their fucosylated counterparts, with the defucosylated WT antibodies displaying the highest overall ADCC activity, regardless of sialic acid substitution. Moreover, the FcγRIIIA receptor binding by antibodies did not always correspond directly with ADCC result. This study demonstrates that glycoengineering and protein engineering can both promote and inhibit antibody effector functions and represent practical approaches for varying glycan composition and functionalities during antibody development.
Migrasomes and exosomes; different types of messaging vesicles in podocytes
Authors: Ardalan Mohammadreza , Hosseiniyan Khatibi Seyed Mahdi , Rahbar Saadat Yalda , Bastami Milad , Nariman‐Saleh‐Fam Ziba , Abediazar Sima , Khalilov Rovshan , Zununi Vahed Sepideh 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPodocytes, highly specified kidney epithelial cells, live under several pathological stimuli and stresses during which they adapt themselves to keep homeostasis. Nevertheless, under extreme stress, a complex scenario of podocyte damage and its consequences occur. Podocyte damage causes foot process effacement and their detachment from the glomerular basement membrane, leading to proteinuria. Podocyte‐derived extracellular vesicles (pEVs), mainly microparticles and exosomes are considered as signaling mediators of intercellular communication. Recently, it has been shown that throughout the injury‐related migration procedure, podocytes are capable of releasing the injury‐related migrasomes. Evidence indicates that at the early stages of glomerular disorders, increased levels of pEVs are observed in urine. At the early stage of nephropathy, pEVs especially migrasomes seem to be more sensitive and reliable indicators of podocyte stress and/or damage than proteinuria. This review highlights the current knowledge of pEVs and their values for the diagnosis of different kidney diseases.
Malignant melanoma of parotid glands from a neglected lesion: A case report
Authors: Ahadi Mahsa , Rakhshan Azadeh , Mousavi Seyed Reza , Saebnoori Homeira 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObserving a metastatic malignant melanoma and its primary lesion at the same time is rare. The histopathological detection of any unusual pigmented lesion is critical.
Erythema Multiforme Major following SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine
Authors: Saibene Alberto Maria , Alliata Andrea , Cozzi Anna Teresa , Ottavi Alice , Spagnolini Sofia , Pipolo Carlotta , Maccari Alberto , Felisati Giovanni 
Published: October 2021

AbstractErythema multiforme major, an immune‐mediated skin reaction to infections or medications with oral involvement, should be taken into account as a potential side effect of several vaccines, including SARS‐CoV‐2. Correct patient history collection allows prompt recognition and subsequent successful medical management with oral corticosteroids.
Extramedullary disease relapse and progression after blinatumomab therapy for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Aldoss Ibrahim , Otoukesh Salman , Zhang Jianying , Mokhtari Sally , Ngo Dat , Mojtahedzadeh Mona , Al Malki Monzr M. , Salhotra Amandeep , Ali Haris , Aribi Ahmed , Sandhu Karamjeet S. , Arslan Shukaib , Koller Paul , Ball Brian , Stewart Forrest , Curtin Peter , Artz Andrew , Nakamura Ryotaro , Marcucci Guido , Forman Stephen J. , Stein Anthony S. , Pullarkat Vinod 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundBlinatumomab has demonstrated encouraging activity in relapsed/refractory (r/r) and minimal residual disease–positive (MRD+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Extramedullary disease (EMD) relapse or relapse with CD19– disease has been observed after blinatumomab therapy in patients with r/r or MRD+ ALL. However, the pathophysiology and risk factors of treatment failure are not fully understood.MethodsThis study retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of adult patients with B‐cell ALL treated with blinatumomab (n = 132) for either r/r (n = 103) or MRD+ disease (n = 29) at the authors' center (2013‐2021) and analyzed factors associated with treatment response and EMD failure.ResultsThe overall response rate was 64%. A lower marrow blast burden before blinatumomab (P = .049) and no history of previous EMD (P = .019) were significantly associated with a higher response. Among the patients who responded to blinatumomab, 56% underwent consolidation with allogeneic transplantation. Blinatumomab failure was observed in 89 patients; 43% of these patients (n = 38) either progressed or relapsed at extramedullary sites. A history of extramedullary involvement (53% vs 24%; P = .005) and retention of CD19 expression at the time of relapse/progression (97% vs 74%; P = .012) were associated with a higher risk for extramedullary failure. Central nervous system (CNS) failure after blinatumomab was encountered in 39% of the patients with EMD.ConclusionsA history of EMD predicted an inferior response to blinatumomab therapy with a higher risk for relapse/progression at extramedullary sites (particularly CNS). Consolidation with allogenic transplantation in patients who primarily responded to blinatumomab did not abrogate the risk of extramedullary relapse. The incorporation of extramedullary assessment and the intensification of CNS prophylaxis may help in addressing extramedullary failure.Lay Summary

Extramedullary failure is common during blinatumomab therapy for relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

A history of extramedullary disease predicts an inferior response to blinatumomab therapy and a higher risk for relapse/progression at extramedullary sites.

Most extramedullary failure cases retain CD19 expression.