bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subclinical depression and anxiety as an additional risk factor for cardiovascular events in low- and moderate-risk patients: data from 10-year follow-up
Authors: Smirnova M. D. , Svirida O. N. , Fofanova T. V. , Blankova Z. N. , Yarovaya E. B. , Ageev F. T. , Boytsov S. A. 
Published: July 2021

Aim. To assess the contribution of anxiety (A) and depression (D) to the increased risk of cardiovascular events (CVEs) in patients with Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) <5% according to 10-year follow-up.Material and methods. The work included 190 patients with SCORErisk <5%, examined in 2009-2010. In addition to the standard examination, a questionnaire was carried out using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). In 2019, we contacted participants by telephone to identify CVEs over the past time: death from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), acute myocardial infarction (MI), unstable angina, stroke, revascularization. The response was 86,3%.Results. CVEs occurred in 17 (10,2%) patients and included following outcomes: 3 deaths from CVDs, 6 acute MIs, 4 cases of unstable angina, 12 revascularizations. Patients with and without CVEs differed only in the depression level — 7 (5; 7) vs 5.0 (4; 5) points (p=0,0001). HADS-D score >6 increased the probability of CVEs — odds ratio (OR) 2,9 (1,1-7,7). In individuals with HADS-D score >6 and/or HADS-A score >7, the probability of CVEs increased — OR 4,9 (1,4-17,9). A combination of impaired two or more parameters of the lipid profile, systolic blood pressure >130 mm Hg and HADS-D score >6 and/or HADS-A score >7 increased the risk of CVE — OR 7,3 (2,48-21,36).Conclusion. Depression, including subclinical depression, is associated with an increased risk of CVEs in patients with a SCORE risk <5%.
Association of alcohol consumption and dietary patterns in the adult population: data from the ESSE-RF study
Authors: Karamnova N. S. , Rytova A. I. , Shvabskaya O. B. , Shalnova S. A. , Maksimov S. A. , Balanova Yu. A. , Evstifeeva S. E. , Imaeva A. E. , Kapustina A. V. , Muromtseva G. A. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: July 2021

The alcohol consumption is associated with dietary patterns. Aim. To study the associations of alcohol consumption and dietary patterns in the adult population. Material and methods. The analysis was carried out using representative samples of male and female population aged 25-64 years (n=19437; men, 7306; women, 12131 women) from 13 Russian regions.The response rate was 80%. We assessed nutrition by the frequency of consuming basic food groups. The low alcohol intake (LI) category includes women and men who consume <42 g and <84 g, moderate consumption (MI) — 42 g and 84 g, high intake (HI) — 84 g and 168 g ethanol per week, respectively.Results. In comparison with men who do not drink alcohol, MI and HI category representatives more often consume red meat — by 22 and 36%, meat and sausages — by 37 and 48%, and less often: fish products — by 34 and 33%, cottage cheese — by 51 and 53%, respectively. More rare consumption of poultry is significant in the MI group, vegetables/fruits — in the HI group, sweets — in the LI group. Consumption of pickles, cereals, pasta, liquid dairy products, cheese and sour cream does not differ between the groups in men. Compared to women who do not drink alcohol, women in the LI, MI and HI groups significantly more often consume meat and sausages — by 16, 28 and 85%, respectively. Women of the LI and MI groups more often consume red meat — by 15 and 33%, confectionery — by 29 and 24%, less often: cereals — by 9 and 18%, legumes — by 44 and 53% and cottage cheese — by 19 and 44 %, respectively. Women of the LI category more often daily consume milk, kefir and yogurt — by 26%, and less often fish products — by 18%. Women of the HI group are less likely to consume fruits/vegetables. Consumption of poultry, pickles and cheese do not differ between groups among women.Conclusion. People who consume alcoholic beverages have a pronounced nutritional imbalance, characterized by a higher consumption of red meat, especially processed, high-fat dairy products, salt, and in women, confectionery.
White matter integrity of watershed areas is potentially influenced by hypoperfusion in the presence permanent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Krupenin P. M. , Perepelov V. A. , Perepelova E. M. , Bordovsky S. P. , Sidorov E. V. , Preobrazhenskaya I. S. , Voskresenskaya O. N. , Sokolova A. A. , Napalkov D. A. 
Published: July 2021

Aim. To test a hypothesis of hypoperfusion-induced white matter changes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AFib) and to present statistics to compute sample size for the upcoming studies.Material and methods. We included 30 inpatients with AFib and investigated them with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with standard sequencies and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). DTI data were analyzed with conventional ROI analysis in the Olea Sphere software and with watershed areas (WSA) mask in the FSL toolbox after nonlinear transformation of images to the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) space. Wilcoxon test was used to compare diffusion characteristics across subgroups.Results. Median age of participants was 73 years (69-78), 18 (60%) patients had moderate signs of small vessel disease with Fazekas score of one. Twenty-one patients had paroxysmal AFib. Analysis of WSA revealed decreased white matter integrity in the parieto-occipital cortical WSA with a pattern of significantly increased mean diffusivity (p=0,039), and marginally significant decrease in fractional anisotropy (p=0,056). Rank-based effect size across areas under comparison was either small (0,2) or negligible, and with statistical power in the range of 0,05-1.Conclusion. Atrial fibrillation could have pathophysiologically feasible mechanism to affect white matter integrity in the watershed areas.
A pilot project to study troponin I in a representative sample of the region from the ESSE-RF study: distribution among population and associations with risk factors
Authors: Shalnova S. A. , Drapkina O. M. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Yarovaya E. B. , Kutsenko V. A. , Metelskaya V. A. , Kapustina A. V. , Balanova Yu. A. , Litinskaya O. A. , Pokrovskaya M. S. 
Published: July 2021

Aim. To assess the distribution of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in a sample of the region from the ESSE-RF study and to study its associations with risk factors (RFs) and the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) system.Material and methods. This observational cross-sectional study includes a representative sample of the population aged 25-64 years of the Vologda region (n=1591). The analysis included sex, age, behavioral and cardiometabolic RFs, biomarkers, prior cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and SCORE. The differences between age-sex groups were considered significant at p<0,05.Results. According to study results, asymmetry in cTnI distribution among population was revealed. The median cTnI level in the sample was 1,5 pg/ml (95% confidence interval, 0,80-2,50). Noteworthy is the high level of the 99th percentile of cTnI in men aged 45-54 years (55,3 pg/ml). At the same time, the 99th percentile for the entire sample in men was 47,7 pg/ml, while in women — 13,3 pg/ml. The cTnI level log increases significantly with age in both men (p<0,0001) and women (p<0,0001), but faster in men. There was a higher level of cTnI in young men compared to same-age women. In multivariate analysis, significant associations of cTnI levels with sex, age, blood low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, abdominal obesity, hypertension, and brain natriuretic peptide level were obtained. Insufficient accuracy of classification of study participants by SCORE risk was revealed.Conclusion. The distribution of cTnI in the sample of the Russian region from the ESSE-RF study is sharply shifted to the left (median, 1,5 pg/ml). Higher cTnI levels were revealed in young men compared to their female peers. Significant associations of cTnI with obesity (body mass index, hypertension, elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and brain natriuretic peptide concentration) were found. It was demonstrated that SCORE does not accurately classify individuals with high and moderate cТnI levels.
Phase and structural transformations when forming a  welded joint from rail steel. Report 3. The use of thermokinetic and isothermal diagrams of austenite decomposition for selection of optimal modes of electric contact welding
Authors: Polevoi E. V. , Simonov Yu.  N. , Kozyrev N. A. , Shevchenko R. A. , Mikhno A. R. 
Published: July 2021

During contact flash welding of rails, the metal is heated and continuously cooled in the zone of thermal influence. Accelerated heating and subsequent intensive cooling, implemented by the pulsed flashing-off method, lead to the formation of quenching structures. Subsequently, during the operation of the rails welded joint, this leads to the formation of cracks and to brittle destruction. We have investigated the possibilities of using contact heating after welding to avoid the formation of quenching structures in the metal of the welded joint made of R350LHT rail steel. The thermal cycles during welding and subsequent contact heating were recorded. The regularity of formation of the weld metal structure was established including the zone of thermal influence during pulsed contact heating for R350LHT rail steel. It is shown that contact pulse heating slows down the welded joint cooling and prevents the formation of quenching structures. However, contact pulse heating when using suboptimal modes can also lead to the opposite effect. It is determined that with a significant investment of heat by contact heating, cooling rate of the metal exceeds the critical one, transformation process passes through a diffusion-free mechanism with the formation of martensite coarse-grained structure. The use of thermokinetic and isothermal diagrams of austenite decomposition at known thermal welding cycles allows us to significantly narrow the search limits for optimal modes of contact butt welding of railway rails and subsequent contact heating. The use of optimal contact heating modes makes it possible to obtain a minimum length of heat-affected zones with reduced hardness without the formation of quenching structures in the welded joint of railway rails.
Portrayal of Bangladeshi Existentialism: “Like a Diamond in the Sky” in Context
Authors: Moniruzzaman  , Ullah Safi 
Published: July 2021

Shazia Omar, a Bangladeshi novelist, depicts the less-known imagery of modern Dhaka in her debut novel “Like a Diamond in the Sky” (2009) where she portrays Bangladesh infected with depression, drug addiction, power-play, corruption and fundamentalism. Deen, the protagonist, is lost in addiction, isolated from his mother and outer world but in love with Maria, aware of the future of Bangladesh and eager to search for the meaning of life. Deen, which literally implies the earthly life in Bangla, is an existentialist who is conscious of himself and the people around him. He is aware of his capacity, limitation, existence and essence. He comments on different orders and institutions that hinder at the path of freedom, and about politicization and islamisation in Bangladesh. Not only Deen but also his widowed mother, his friend AJ, drug peddler Falani, the sergeant of the Police, Deen’s girlfriend Maria- all are conscious of their existence and essence. This novel is about a journey from a dark and aimless world to redemption, to a meaningful life. Omar presents existentialism and existential crisis as noticed in Bangladesh in her novel where almost all characters try to find the meaning of life, though in different ways. Omar says in an interview that the novel “explores their feeling of alienation in the chaotic metropolis of Dhaka city” and her protagonist struggles “to find a spiritual connection”. Before writing this novel, Shazia Omar researched in a rehab in Mumbai, visited slums of Bangladesh and thus shaded light on the darker and less-discussed imagery of Bangladesh. “Like a Diamond in the Sky” is thoroughly examined in the light of existentialism, developed by Descartes, Kierkegaard, Sartre and Heidegger. This paper analyses how “Like a Diamond in the Sky” represents Bangladeshi existentialism, and existentialists who are conscious of existence and essence. It also discusses the observation, of Omar’s characters projected in the novel, about established orders and institutions and finally, desire for freedom and searching for meaning of life.
Correlation between plasma lipid levels in patients with different oral pre-cancerous lesions
Authors: Goyal Sakshi , Srivastava Saurabh , Jafar Tabrez , Ullah Sami , Bhat Priyanka , Alam Imran 
Published: July 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> Oral precancerous lesions could be defined as the lesions present in oral cavity that have a potential to become cancer. Recognition of precancerous lesions has its own significance as it helps in early detection of risk of cancer which in itself is quite useful for formulating appropriate preventive strategies that could assure better survival rates. The aim of the study was to assess the correlation of lipid levels in patients with different oral precancerous lesions.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Methods:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> A total of 150 patients with oral lesions attending the department of otorhinolaryngology at Era’s Lucknow Medical college and Hospital, Lucknow, were included in the study. A biopsy specimen was taken from each patient along with 5 ml fasting blood sample for serum lipid estimation which was done by dry chemistry Chemino Heinz method.</span><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Results:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> A total of 150 patients with age ranging from 13-70 years and a male is to female ratio of 1.68 was studied. Burning sensation was the most common symptom and OSMF being the most common diagnosis. All the components of lipid profile except HDL of patients with different histopathological diagnosis were found to be comparable. No association of derangement in any of the components of lipid levels and histopathological diagnosis was observed.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Conclusions:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> The findings of present study showed that lipid levels in patients with precancerous oral lesions are generally of lower order. However, the present study could not assess a significant association between lipid levels and different types of oral premalignant lesions.</span></p>
A comparative study of synechiae formation in endoscopic septoplasty with and without intranasal splints
Authors: Nagachaitanya M. , Reddy M. Santosh , Mohammadi Uzma , Prathyusha G. 
Published: July 2021

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Septoplasty is the treatment of choice for deviated nasal septum. Deviated nasal septum can be C shaped or S shaped leading to unilateral or bilateral nasal obstruction. Septal spur may also require surgery. Sometimes deviated nasal septum may block osteomeatal complex leading to chronic sinusitis. For the evaluation of nasal cavities preoperatively computed tomography (CT) paranasal sinuses and diagnostic nasal endoscopy is done. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy done after two weeks of surgery. The objective of the study is to compare the efficacy of intranasal splints in the prevention of nasal synechiae following septoplasty.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 100 patients undergoing septoplasty under general anesthesia from March 2018 to March 2019 were enrolled. Patients with nasal septal deviation and aged between 18-50 years were included in the study. All surgeries were performed by consultant ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgeons under general or local anesthesia. Institutional ethical committee approval was obtained for the study. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. Patients with age under 18 years or over 50 years were excluded for the study. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Septoplasty with intranasal splints reduce the formation of synechiae in 48 patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Usage of intranasal splints indicates a decrease in the postoperative formation of synechiae after septoplasty.</p>
Population Size Estimation of High-Risk Behavior in Isfahan, Iran: Using the Network Scale-up Method in 2018
Authors: Jami Meysam Abshenas , Baneshi Mohamadreza , Nasirian Maryam 
Published: July 2021

Background and Objective: Due to the impact of risky behaviors in the community and the need for getting information and planning in this regard, the number of people with high-risk sexual behaviors in Isfahan will be indirectly estimated by the network scale-up method.
Method:In a cross-sectional study conducted in June2018in14districts of Isfahan, a sample of1000 people was recruited by a non-random multistage method and interviewed using a standard questionnaire to identify people with high-risk sexual behavior. Data are analyzed based on a network scale-up method in the STATA application.
Results:According to a report by men, the prevalence of male Extra marital sexual relations (N=2437) and relation with paying prostituted women (N=1211), with non-paying prostituted women (N=298), Homosexuality (N=696) and history of traveling for sexual relations (N =880/100,000); And according to a report by women, the prevalence of female Extra marital sexual relations (N=1386) and Sex Worker women (Monetary) (N=946), Sex Worker women (Non-Monetary) (N=258), and history of travelling for sexual relations (N=13/100,000). In both sexes, the age group of18 to 30years was more at risk for sexual behaviors than other groups.
Discussion and Conclusion: It seems that the prevalence of sexual high-risk behaviors in Isfahan is remarkable as the increased prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV, but unfortunately, the required training is low in this regard, more attention should be paying to train people to prevent the prevalence of these high-risk sexual behaviors in society.
MEDIATING EFFECTS OF EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT IN RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOXIC LEADERSHIP AND EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE
Authors: Khan Muhammad Rahman , Khan Hamid , Jan Sajjad Ahmad , Javad Aziz , Khattak Aman Ullah 
Published: July 2021

Purpose of Study: The study aimed to examine the mediating effects of employee commitment in the relationship between toxic leadership and employee performance in the context of the banking sector, KP, Pakistan. The study is expected to provide significant information to existing knowledge databases about the toxic leaders, organizational commitment, and employees’ performance.
Methodology of Study: The cross-sectional design was used to conduct the study by using a 5-point Likert scale through the questionnaire to collect primary data from the high-level managers of selected commercial banks located south region of KP, Pakistan. The sample of 234 employees of both public/private sector banks was taken randomly as the sample. To compute sample, Yamane (1967) formula for selecting sample from finite population: n=population (566), level of significance, e = 0.05 & n=sample size, sample size (n) = N/1+Ne2 = 566/1+566(0.05), 2 = 234.
Main Findings: The results of the study revealed that the significant and positive association among the research variables, the significant impact of the predictors on the criterion variable, and the significant partial mediating role of the employee commitment in the relationship between the toxic leadership and employees’ performance.
Applications of Study: The current study focuses on examining the role of toxic leadership on employee performance with mediating effect of employee commitment within the banking sector of KP, Pakistan. This study's significance lies in the banking sector, desiring to acquire sustainable competitive advantage through increased employee performance and employee commitment.
Novelty/Originality of Study: The expectation that organizational commitment can improve the relationship between toxic leadership and employee performance is missed to a certain extent in the educational context that is expected to offer a new contribution to an existing database of research.
Perkembangan Psikoseksual Santri Pada Usia Dini
Authors: Hasanah Iswatun , Fithriyah Imaniyatul , Mufrihah Arina 
Published: July 2021

Anak-anak usia dini terutama pada usia 4 hingga 6 tahun umumnya sudah mulai dikenalkan pada pendidikan formal dan non formal, salah satunya ialah pendidikan di pesantren. Pesantren dipilih oleh orang tua agar anak dapat belajar pengetahuan agama dan pengetahuan umum, serta pembentukan kemandirian dan kedisiplinan yang diharapkan orang tua. Pada santri usia dini, fase perkembangan psikoseksual yang dilalui diantaranya adalah fase falik dan laten. Dua fase krusial yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap kepribadian anak pada masa mendatang. Pada fase falik kepuasan terletak di daerah kemaluan yang normalnya akan mmebentuk identitas dan orientasi seksual anak. Sementara pada fase laten kepuasan terletak pada aspek kognitif dan interaksi sosial yang terealisasi melalui keterbukaan diri untuk berinteraksi dan bersosialiasi dengan lingkungan secara baik. Kehadiran orang tua sangat dibutuhkan oleh santri untuk bisa melewati fase falik dan laten dengan baik dan menyelesaikan konflik pada dua fase tersebut. Maka dari itu, meski pesantren memiliki tradisi yang kuat dalam pendidikan agama, namun orang tua tetap memiliki tanggung jawab utama dalam pendidikan dan pembimbingan anak-anak mereka.[Children especially at age 4 untill 6 years old have been introduced to formal and non-formal education where pesantren (islamic boarding school) is one of the most popular educatonal institutions in Indonesia. Commonly, pesantren is chosen by parents for their childs’ education to learn both religious and modern knowledge. Furthermore, pesantren education will form students’ independence. During their early-age development phase, santri (students who learn in pesantren) is remain similar to other children who experience psychosexual development; the two crucial stages are phallic and latent stage. Those periods would significantly affect santri’s personality. The phallic stage is closely corresponded to genitalia as the specific erotogenic zone. Normally this stage is related to sexual identity and sexual orientation. Meanwhile, latent period is a time of childs’ exploration into intellectual pursuits and social interactions, it is realized through self-disclosure towards interaction and adaptive socialization with their circumstances. On the other hand, parents are the important figure for children since they need to adapt to their psychosexual development phase including how to resolve several conflicts which may be dealed with them. Therefore, even though pesantren has a strong tradition in religious education, parents steady have main responsibility of their childs’ education and guidance].