bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic Growth, CO2 Emissions, Electricity Production, and Consumption Nexus in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Nazrul 
Published: April 2021

This paper seeks to find the causal relationship between economic growth, electricity consumption, carbon emissions, electricity production from oil, and electricity production from gas. The data were taken from World Development Index (WDI) for the period of 1972-2014. For stationarity checking, visualization and some econometrics techniques like ADF and Phillips-Perron test have been adopted. For testing the long-run relationships among the variables, the Johansen cointegration testing procedure has been considered. This test ensured that there are long-run relationships among the variables. To capture the short-run dynamics, a VECM test has been done, and to find the direction of causation, the Granger causality approach has been tested. The results find that there was a bidirectional causality from CO2 emissions to gross domestic product (GDP) and from electricity production from gas to GDP where unidirectional causality was found from GDP to electricity consumption and electricity production from oil to GDP. CUMSUM and CUSUM approaches have also been considered to test the stability of the parameters. Policy implications of the research indicate that Bangladesh should give importance to low carbon emission technologies to reduce the CO2 emissions level with a view to keeping Bangladesh safe from natural calamities along with economic growth.
JEL Classifications: C32, O13, Q43
Surgical treatment of retroperitoneal neuroblastoma in a 14-month-old child
Authors: Sukhov M. N. , Narbutov A. G. , Lyvina I. P. , Bryzzheva I. A. , Isaeva M. V. , Komarova T. N. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Neuroblastoma is the most common malignant embryonic extracranial solid tumor in childhood having a high mortality rate. While treating neuroblastoma, it is extremely important to follow international protocols with their staging systems and groups of risk. Surgical treatment is a compulsory approach, but in some cases it is extremely difficult, and it involves significant risks. However, in some cases, radical removal of the tumor can cure patients without chemotherapy.Material and methods. The article presents a clinical case of 14-month-old child with neuroblastoma of stage 3 and difficult anatomical location after 2 courses of polychemotherapy by NB-2004 protocol. The child had subradical resection of an extensive tumor in the retroperitoneal space and nephrectomy on the right. The authors also describe specific moments during surgery, problems which their faced during child’s treatment as well as follow-up examinations in the postoperative period.Results. Follow-up examinations did not reveal any signs of disease recurrence. Catamnesis lasted for 56 months. The child is in a good state; she is active, attends a nursery school.Conclusion. The discussed case demonstrates that a successful radical surgical removal of neuroblastoma of difficult anatomic location may have good outcomes without adjuvant postoperative therapy.
Elimination of HLA antibodies by platelet adsorption
Authors: Jung J. , Barron C. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The presence of HLA antibodies in patient serum or plasma may make antibody identification difficult. These HLA antibodies may mask the presence of clinically significant red blood cell (RBC) alloantibodies. Because platelets strongly express HLA antigens, it is possible to remove HLA antibodies by adsorbing the patient’s serum or plasma using a platelet pool. Large numbers of random platelets are pooled to ensure a wide variety of HLA types are present. Elimination of the reactivity after adsorption suggests the presence of HLA antibodies in the patient’s serum or plasma. The adsorbed patient sample may then be used to evaluate RBC alloantibodies without HLA antibody interference.
Weak D types 38 and 11: determination of frequencies in a Brazilian population and validation of an easy molecular assay for detection
Authors: Dezan M.R. , Oliveira V.B. , Conrado M. , Luz F. , Gallucci A. , Oliveira T.G.M. , Sabino E.C. , Rocha V. , Mendrone A. , Dinardo C.L. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Recent evidence shows that, among Brazilians, the distribution of weak D types significantly differs from that represented in people of European descent, with a high percentage of weak D types 38 and 11. Our goal was to determine the population frequencies of weak D types 38 and 11 in a Brazilian population and to validate a molecular approach to identify these two variants. Blood donors were sequentially enrolled in the study in a 5-year period. Donors with serologic weak D phenotype had the RHD coding region sequenced. The frequencies of weak D type 38 and weak D type 11 (CDe-associated) were calculated. Two allele-specific– polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) assays were designed to detect RHD*weak D type 38 and RHD*weak partial 11 and were validated with samples positive and negative for these two variants, respectively. A total of 618,542 donors were enrolled, of which 265 presented with a serologic weak D phenotype. When considering all donors evaluated, the frequencies of weak D types 38 and 11 were 0.013 and 0.002 percent, respectively. In the subgroup of donors with a serologic weak D phenotype, the frequencies of weak D types 38 and 11 were 30.2 and 4.9 percent, respectively. The two proposed AS-PCR assays for detection of RHD*weak D type 38 and RHD*weak partial 11 showed 100 percent accuracy. The frequencies of weak D types 38 and 11 among Brazilians are high compared to that previously described for other populations. The AS-PCR assays to detect RHD*weak D type 38 and RHD*weak partial 11 represent potentially helpful tools for investigating Brazilian individuals with these weak D phenotypes.
Freezing and recovering rare red blood cells using glycerol
Authors: Eades B. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Rare red blood cells (RBCs) can be used in antibody identification or compatibility testing when antibodies to high-prevalence antigens or to other rare phenotypes are suspected. These rare RBCs are typically not readily available in commercial reagent RBC panels. When such RBCs are identified in donors or patients, however, laboratories can freeze and store the RBCs in a glycerol solution, which prevents severe freezing injury. When needed, the glycerolized RBCs can be thawed and the glycerol removed using decreasing concentrations of NaCl. The rare RBCs can then be used in testing.
Mapping the Psychosocialcultural Aspects of Healthcare Professionals’ Information Security Practices: Systematic Mapping Study
Authors: Yeng Prosper Kandabongee , Szekeres Adam , Yang Bian , Snekkenes Einar Arthur 
Published: April 2021

Background
Data breaches in health care are on the rise, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach to mitigation efforts.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to develop a comprehensive framework for modeling and analyzing health care professionals’ information security practices related to their individual characteristics, such as their psychological, social, and cultural traits.

Methods
The study area was a hospital setting under an ongoing project called the Healthcare Security Practice Analysis, Modeling, and Incentivization (HSPAMI) project. A literature review was conducted for relevant theories and information security practices. The theories and security practices were used to develop an ontology and a comprehensive framework consisting of psychological, social, cultural, and demographic variables.

Results
In the review, a number of psychological, social, and cultural theories were identified, including the health belief model, protection motivation theory, theory of planned behavior, and social control theory, in addition to some social demographic variables, to form a comprehensive set of health care professionals’ characteristics. Furthermore, an ontology was developed from these theories to systematically organize the concepts. The framework, called the psychosociocultural (PSC) framework, was then developed from the various combined psychological and sociocultural attributes of the ontology. The Human Aspect of Information Security Questionnaire was adopted as a comprehensive tool for gathering staff security practices as mediating variables in the framework.

Conclusions
Data breaches occur often in health care today. This frequency has been attributed to the lack of experience of health care professionals in information security, the lack of development of conscious care security practices, and the lack of motivation to incentivize health care professionals. The frequent data breaches in health care threaten the mutual trust between health care professionals and patients, which implicitly impacts the quality of the health care service. The modeling and analysis of health care professionals’ security practices can be conducted with the PSC framework by combining methods of statistical survey, observations, and interviews in relation to PSC variables, such as perceptions (perceived benefits, perceived threats, and perceived barriers) or psychological traits, social factors, cultural factors, and social demographics.
Exergaming as a Functional Test Battery in Patients Who Received Arthroscopic Ankle Arthrodesis: Cross-sectional Pilot Study
Authors: Hendrickx Roel , van der Avoird Tim , Pilot Peter , Kerkhoffs Gino , Schotanus Martijn 
Published: April 2021

Background
Recently, movement-based videogames (exergames) have gained popularity in improving the rehabilitation process after surgery. During exergaming, participants are physically challenged as the game component stimulates adherence to the training program. There is no literature on the effect of exergame training interventions in patients who received arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis.

Objective
This pilot study assessed the potency of an existing exergaming tool for the rehabilitation program of patients who received arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis.

Methods
A cross-sectional pilot study was performed, in which patients who received arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis (n=8) were subjected to an exergaming protocol. Gait analysis was performed with a treadmill system. A healthy age-matched control group (n=10) was used as the control group.

Results
The patient group was capable of performing exergaming exercises and they showed no floor or ceiling effect. Only in case of the overall stability, the patient group performed significantly less better than the control group (P=.03). Gait analysis showed equal step length with increased external rotation of the affected limb.

Conclusions
Exergaming seems to be a valuable tool for measuring the ability of patients who received AAA to perform activities of daily living and it has the potential to individualize rehabilitation programs. When exergaming is systematically integrated with patient-reported outcome measures and activity tracking, it has the potential to improve the quality of care.
Using Digital Tools to Engage Patients With Psychosis and Their Families in Research: Survey Recruitment and Completion in an Early Psychosis Intervention Program
Authors: Polillo Alexia , Voineskos Aristotle N , Foussias George , Kidd Sean A , Sav Andreea , Hawley Steve , Soklaridis Sophie , Stergiopoulos Vicky , Kozloff Nicole 
Published: April 2021

Background
Barriers to recruiting and retaining people with psychosis and their families in research are well-established, potentially biasing clinical research samples. Digital research tools, such as online platforms, mobile apps, and text messaging, have the potential to address barriers to research by facilitating remote participation. However, there has been limited research on leveraging these technologies to engage people with psychosis and their families in research.

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess the uptake of digital tools to engage patients with provisional psychosis and their families in research and their preferences for different research administration methods.

Methods
This study used Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap)—a secure web-based platform with built-in tools for data collection and storage—to send web-based consent forms and surveys on service engagement via text message or email to patients and families referred to early psychosis intervention services; potential participants were also approached or reminded about the study in person. We calculated completion rates and timing using remote and in-person methods and compensation preferences.

Results
A total of 447 patients with provisional psychosis and 187 of their family members agreed to receive the web-based consent form, and approximately half of the patients (216/447, 48.3%) and family members (109/187, 58.3%) consented to participate in the survey. Most patients (182/229, 79.5%) and family members (75/116, 64.7%) who completed the consent form did so remotely, with more family members (41/116, 35.3%) than patients (47/229, 20.5%) completing it in person. Of those who consented, 77.3% (167/216) of patients and 72.5% (79/109) of family members completed the survey, and most did the survey remotely. Almost all patients (418/462, 90.5%) and family members (174/190, 91.6%) requested to receive the consent form and survey by email, and only 4.1% (19/462) and 3.2% (6/190), respectively, preferred text message. Just over half of the patients (91/167, 54.5%) and family members (42/79, 53.2%) preferred to receive electronic gift cards from a coffee shop as study compensation. Most surveys were completed on weekdays between 12 PM and 6 PM.

Conclusions
When offered the choice, most participants with psychosis and their families chose remote administration methods, suggesting that digital tools may enhance research recruitment and participation in this population, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 global pandemic.
A Digital Platform for Facilitating Personalized Dementia Care in Nursing Homes: Formative Evaluation Study
Authors: Wang Gubing , Albayrak Armagan , Kortuem Gerd , van der Cammen Tischa JM 
Published: April 2021

Background
Care personalization is key to the well-being of people with dementia according to person-centered care. With the development of the internet of things, a large quantity of personal data can be collected securely and reliably, which has the potential to facilitate care personalization for people with dementia. Yet, there are limited assistive technologies developed for this purpose, and the user acceptance of assistive technologies is low in nursing homes. Therefore, through a data-enabled design approach, a digital platform was developed for helping the care team in a nursing home to personalize dementia care, specifically in the management of behavioral and psychological dementia symptoms.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the digital platform in a real-life context with potential users from the following two aspects: (1) to explore if the digital platform could help with generating insights on the current state of each person with dementia and (2) to gather feedback on the digital platform from the care team.

Methods
The digital platform was deployed in the nursing home for 7 weeks and the data collected were visualized and presented to the care team via the digital platform. The visualizations were analyzed by the researchers for pattern detection. Meanwhile, the care team was asked to examine the visualizations and were interviewed for the following: (1) if any insights and actions were generated from the examination, (2) the usefulness of the digital platform, and (3) the improvements they would like to see.

Results
The data collected on the digital platform demonstrated its potential for pattern detection. Insights were generated by the care team and categorized into “client level,” “ward level,” and “team level.” The corresponding actions taken by the care team were classified into “investigation” and “implementation.” User acceptance varied across the care team, and three aspects of improvement for the digital platform were identified.

Conclusions
By evaluating the digital platform, this study gained insights on applying data-enabled design for personalizing dementia care; besides, it offers future researchers some recommendations on how to integrate assistive technologies in the nursing home context.
Global South: Conceptual Approaches and SocioEconomic Processes
Authors: Yakovlev P. P. 
Published: April 2021

In a dynamic world, developing in the direction of polycentricism, the countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America, forming together the so-called Global South, are increasingly prominent. Today, the Global South comprises nearly two-thirds of the UN member states, accounts for about 80% of the world’s population, about 50% of world GDP and about a half of total international trade. These dry figures alone point to the paramount methodological, scientific and practical importance of studying the economic and socio-political issues of the Global South, a comprehensive analysis of its role in the world economy and politics, in the globalization, and also in geoeconomic and geopolitical relations. Equally relevant is the analysis of the Global South’s participation in the international community’s efforts to combat global challenges, including climate change, the eradication of poverty, the fight against cross-border terrorism and drug trafficking, humanity’s victory over the COVID-19 pandemic and the launch of the recovery economic growth undermined by the coronacrisis. According to the author’s of the article point of view, the former colonial and dependent countries forming the GlobalSouth, many of which have achieved state independence in the last 50-60 years, have accumulated considerable experience of joint actions to defend their economic and political interests, established mechanisms and organizations of cooperation in a variety of fields. Far from simplifying the extremely difficult present situation and not turning a blind eye to existing problems and difficulties, it is logical to assume that a rich historical experience and a large international weight can enable the countries of the Global South to participate actively in building a more sustainable, just and secure world order.
Changing Geopolitics and Negotiating Postures in the India-China Border Dispute
Authors: Daulet Singh Z. 
Published: April 2021

The article is based on the author’s most recent book Powershift: India-China Relations in a Multipolar World (2020). It retraces the most salient moments and episodes in the India China border issue ever since the crisis broke out in 1959. What we learn from history is Chinese leaders have often shaped their policy on India as part of a wider geopolitical calculus, typically linked to the degree of pressure Chinese perceive on other geopolitical fronts. For India too, the nature of great powers relations impacts how it formulates China policy. This basic framework has remained relevant until the present day.Over the past decade, as the world order began shifting to a multipolar balance of power, India and China have confronted challenges in their relationship. The relationship is at a crossroad, and both Delhi and Beijing are struggling to find an equilibrium that allows both sides to pursue their interests and visions. Nevertheless, as Asia is returning to what it was for 1,800 years of the last two millennia, and, it is that big picture trend that Indian and Chinese leaders must pay attention to. Ultimately, this means stabilising India China relations
Assessment of the Competitiveness of the Diamond Cutting Industry in India (Case Study: The Gujarati Diamond Cutting Cluster)
Authors: Galistcheva N. V. , Khromova N. G. 
Published: April 2021

The aim of the research is the comprehensive analysis of the Indian diamond cutting industry’s competitiveness (case study: Gujarati diamond cutting cluster). The authors show that the promotion of the diamond industry has a significant positive impact not only on the development of the economy of Gujarat, but also on the entire Indian economy as a whole. The authors pay attention to the evolution of the development of the Gujarat diamond cutting cluster, as well as its modern trends through the prism of the current situation on the world diamond market in the 2010s.The subject of the article is Gujarat diamond cutting cluster and the research question is to evaluate its drivers and limits. The working hypothesis of the study is the following: the competitiveness of the Indian diamond cutting industry is largely determined by the significant role of the state, which is generally typical for the Indian economy as a whole.The theoretical basis of the research is the synthesis of M.Porters concept of competitiveness of national economy branches and the mathematical approach of B.Balassa to the assessment of the revealed comparative advantages of the country on the specific product’s world market. The research is based on the systematic approach to the study of national economy using basic methods of scientific knowledge such as induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis as well as field research.The specific feature of this article is a detailed analysis of the competitiveness model of the Indian diamond cutting industry, as well as the calculation of the Balassa index and the drawing the appropriate graphs.The article presents different data on the place of the Indian diamond industry on the global market and India’s achievements in the special equipment production and fostering the creation of specific factors. Future studies should focus on further research on specific factors of competitiveness of Indian diamond cutting industry, as well as the role of the state in the Indian economy.
Clusters in Africa's Economy as a Perspective Model of Production
Authors: Kalinichenko L. N. , Morozenskaya E. V. 
Published: April 2021

For attracting private capital to the economy, African governments allocate territories for commercial and industrial use within Special Economic Zones (SEZ). This is an important factor in export diversification (primarily of manufactured products), expanding country’s participation in global value chains, and creating new jobs. Despite different specialization from labor-intensive (textile production, agriculture, etc.) to high-tech sectors, most of the existing SEZs are ineffective due to the underdevelopment of African markets, weak competition, large-scale corruption, but to a large extent - as a result of insufficient interconnection between individual producers.Economic space organization through the creation of clusters - production efficiency and the emergence of a special type of competition -allows them to use common infrastructure, labor and raw materials markets; jointly export products; exchange knowledge and technologies, which is significant in terms of the industrial revolution 4.0. Clusters have the characteristics of “growth poles” - territorial conglomerates that, due to their special position and infrastructural advantages, become locomotives of industrial growth, spreading to other regions.This is especially important given the prevalence of highly inefficient micro, small and medium-sized companies in African economies, a significant part of which is in the informal sector. Clusters, emerging as a rule “from below”, can turn into structure-forming elements of the economy (both at the national and regional levels), but only on condition of organizational and financial support from individual states and their economic communities. This is in the African economies interest, as evidenced by their gradual reorientation towards the domestic market development, as well the regional market expansion within the framework of integration associations.