bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Organizational Culture and Climate With Variation in the Clinical Outcomes of Collaborative Care for Maternal Depression in Community Health Centers
Authors: Williams Nathaniel J , Russo Joan , Vredevoogd Melinda , Grover Tess , Green Phillip , Proctor Enola , Bhat Amritha , Unutzer Jurgen , Bennett Ian M 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundOrganizational culture and climate may help explain variation in the effectiveness of evidence-based practices implemented in primary care settings; however, this hypothesis has not been well tested. This study tested the relationship between organizational culture and climate and variation in clinical outcomes of the evidence-based collaborative care model (CoCM) for maternal depression implemented in primary care health centers serving low income populations.MethodsOrganizational cultures and climates of ten community health centers providing collaborative care for depression among women in pregnancy and parenting were assessed using the Organizational Social Context (OSC) measure. Three-level hierarchical linear models tested whether variation in culture and climate predicted variation in improvement in depression symptoms from baseline to 6.5 months post-baseline for N=468 women who initiated care in the year before and after the OSC assessment. Depression symptomology was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).ResultsAfter controlling for patient characteristics, case mix, center size, and implementation support, patients served by health centers with more proficient cultures improved significantly more from baseline to 6.5 months post-baseline than patients served by centers with less proficient cultures (mean improvement = 5.08 vs. 0.14, respectively, P<.05), resulting in a large adjusted effect size of dadj = 0.78. A similar effect was observed for patients served by centers with more functional climates (mean improvement = 5.25 vs. 1.12, P<.05, dadj = 0.65). Growth models indicated that, on average, patients served by centers with more proficient cultures recovered after four months of care and remained stabilized below the clinical cutoff at 6.5 months post-baseline, whereas patients served by centers with less proficient cultures improved after four months but then deteriorated to above the clinical cutoff by 6.5 months post-baseline (P<0.05). A similar pattern was observed for functional climate.ConclusionsVariation in clinical outcomes for women from vulnerable populations receiving collaborative care for maternal depression was associated with the organizational cultures and climates of primary care health centers. Implementation strategies that target proficient culture and functional climate may improve the implementation and effectiveness of integrated behavioral health care for depression by reducing this variation.
A novel gene LbHLH from the halophyte Limonium bicolor enhances salt tolerance via alleviating osmotic stress and reducing root hair development
Authors: Wang Xi , Zhou Yingli , Xu Yanyu , Wang Baoshan , Yuan Fang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Identifying genes involved in salt tolerance in the recretohalophyte Limonium bicolor could facilitate the breeding of crops with enhanced salt tolerance. Here we cloned the previously uncharacterized gene LbHLH and explored its role in salt tolerance.
Results

The 2,067-bp open reading frame of LbHLH encodes a 688-amino-acid protein with a typical helix-loop-helix (HLH) domain. In situ hybridization showed that LbHLH is expressed in salt glands of L. bicolor. LbHLH localizes to the nucleus, and LbHLH is highly expressed during salt gland development and in response to NaCl treatment. To further explore its function, we heterologously expressed LbHLH in Arabidopsis thaliana under the 35S promoter. The overexpression lines showed significantly increased trichome number and reduced root hair number. LbHLH might interact with GLABRA1 to influence trichome and root hair development, as revealed by yeast two-hybrid analysis. The transgenic lines showed higher germination percentages and longer roots than the wild type under NaCl treatment. Analysis of seedlings grown on medium containing mannitol with the same osmotic pressure as 100 mM NaCl or LiCl with the same ionic effect as 100 mM NaCl demonstrated that overexpressing LbHLH relieved osmotic stress.
Conclusion

These results indicate that LbHLH enhances salt tolerance by alleviating osmotic damage under NaCl stress.
Adaptation to real 1/6 g moon gravity contributes to plant development and expeditious acclimation to super-freezing
Authors: Xie Gengxin , Zhang Yuanxun , Yang Jing , Yu Dengyun , Ren Maozhi , Qiu Dan , Zhong Zhihua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Understanding how terrestrial life responds to planet microgravity is essential for humankind’s ambitious solar system exploration. Using the life-regeneration ecosystem carried by Chang’e 4 probe landed on the Moon, for the first time in human history, we followed the life trajectory of an earth cotton seed germination, development, and final fate after long term exposure to super cold temperature. We compared this life trajectory on the moon to that on earth in a controlled environment with matching parameters, except that the gravity is different. We found that 1/6 g Moon gravity causes no significant interruption to seed germination speed, but slows down seedling growth and contributes to an apparently shortened hypocotyl and thinner cotyledon. Most surprisingly, Moon seedling showed expeditious acclimation to super-freezing under 1/6 g microgravity, remaining erect and green after exposure to long term super cold temperature during the lunar night. We propose plausible mechanisms for the cold resilience based on moon-microgravity induced cellular and molecular responses. These unique findings will extend our understanding of plant adaptive responses to space suboptimal environments.
Predicted impact of vaccination and active case finding measures to control epidemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a migrant-populated area in Thailand
Authors: Suphanchaimat Rapeepong , Nittayasoot Natthaprang , Thammawijaya Panithee , Teekasap Pard , Ungchusak Kamnuan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Thailand experienced the first wave of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) during March-May 2020 and was now facing the second wave of COVID-19 since December 2020. For the second wave, the intensity was more pronounced. The area faced the greatest hit was Samut Sakhon, a main migrant-receiving province in the country. Thus, the Thai Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) was now considering the initiation of vaccination strategies in combination with active face finding (ACF) in the epidemic area. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of various vaccination and ACF policy scenarios in terms of case reduction and deaths averted.Methods: The study obtained data mainly from the Division of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control (DDC), MOPH. Deterministic system dynamics and compartmental models were exercised. Basic reproductive number (R0) was estimated at 3 from the beginning. Vaccine efficacy against disease transmission was assumed to be 50%. A total of 10,000 people were estimated as an initial population size.Results: The findings showed that the greater the vaccination coverage was, the smaller the size of incident and cumulative cases. Compared with no-vaccination and no-ACF scenario, the 90%-vaccination coverage combined with 90%-ACF coverage contributed a reduction of cumulative cases by 33%. The case reduction benefit would be greater when R0 was smaller (⁓53% and ⁓51% when R0 equated 2 and 1.5 respectively).Conclusion: This study reaffirmed the idea that a combination of vaccination and ACF measures contributed to favourable results in reducing the number of COVID-19 cases and deaths, relative to the implementation of only a single measure. The greater the vaccination and ACF coverage was, the greater the volume of cases could be saved. Though we demonstrated the benefit of vaccination strategies in this setting, the actual implementation needs to consider many more policy angles, such as social acceptability, cost-effectiveness and operational feasibility. Further studies that address these topics based on empirical evidence are of great value.
Title: Characterization of gliadin, secalin and hordein using advance analytical techniques
Authors: Rani MONIKA , Sogi Dalbir Singh , Gill Balmeet Singh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Prolamins extracted from wheat, rye and barley cultivars were analysed for colour characteristics, SDS-PAGE, Amino Acid, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta Potential, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to elucidate the structure. Amino acid analysis showed significant variation among the prolamins and the predominant essential amino acids were found to be leucine, phenylalanine and valine whereas predominant non-essential amino acids were glutamic acid, arginine and aspartic acid. All the prolamins exhibited positive zeta-potential, however gliadin had a significantly higher zeta potential value. TEM studies of prolamins revealed the compact globular structure but gliadin also had rod-shaped structure. Morphology by SEM illustrated the globular particle arrangement in gliadin and sheet like arrangement in secalin and hordein. XRD pattern of prolamin showed the ordered crystalline domain of prolamin at 44.1°, 37.8° and 10.4°. The d-spacing obtained from XRD and TEM analysis also supports the crystalline domain of prolamin apart from amorphous domain.
The Climate Impact of the Drake Passage Opening From a Fluid Dynamics Point of View: the Role of Antarctic Glaciation
Authors: Vincze Miklos , Bozóki Tamás , Herein Mátyás , Borcia Ion Dan , Harlander Uwe , Horicsányi Attila , Nyerges Anita , Rodda Costanza , Pál András , Pálfy József 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Pronounced global cooling around the Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT) was a pivotal event in Earth’s climate history, controversially associated with the opening of the Drake Passage. Using a physical laboratory model we revisit the fluid dynamics of this marked reorganization of ocean circulation. Here we show, seemingly contradicting paleoclimate records, that in our experiments opening the pathway yields higher values of mean water surface temperature than the "closed'" configuration. This mismatch points to the importance of the role ice albedo feedback plays in the investigated EOT-like transition, a component that is not captured in the laboratory model. Our conclusion is supported by numerical simulations performed in a global climate model (GCM) of intermediate complexity, where both "closed" and "open" configurations were explored, with and without active sea-ice dynamics. The GCM results indicate that sea surface temperatures would change in the opposite direction following an opening event in the two ice dynamics settings, and the results are therefore consistent both with the laboratory experiment (slight warming after opening) and the paleoclimatic data (pronounced cooling after opening). It follows that in the hypothetical case of an initially ice-free Antarctica the continent could have become even warmer after the opening, a scenario not indicated by paleotemperature reconstruction. These results provide circumstantial evidence supporting a particular EOT scenario in which Antarctica has already been -- at least partially -- covered with ice when the Drake Passage fully opened.
Feedbacks between global supply chain disruption and the spread of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Li Xingyu , Ghadami Amin , Drake John , Rohani Pejman , Epureanu Bogdan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The pandemic of COVID-19 has become one of the greatest threats to human health, causing severe disruptions in the global supply chain, and compromising health care delivery worldwide. Although government authorities sought to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, by restricting travel and in-person activities, failure to deploy time-sensitive strategies in ramping-up of critical resource production exacerbated the outbreak. Here, we analyze the interactive effects of supply chain disruption and infectious disease dynamics using coupled production and disease networks built on global data. We find that time-sensitive containment strategies could be created to balance objectives in pandemic control and economic losses, leading to a spatiotemporal separation of infection peaks that alleviate the societal impact of the disease. A lean resource allocation strategy is discovered that effectively counteracts the positive feedback between transmission and production such that stockpiles of health care resources may be manufactured and distributed to limit future shortage and disease. The study highlights the importance of cross-sectoral coordination and region-wise collaboration to optimally contain a pandemic while accounting for production.
Frontal increase of movement-related beta modulation is enhanced by visuo-motor learning
Authors: Tatti Elisa , Ferraioli Francesca , Peter Jaime , Alalade Tomi , Nelson Aaron Bruce , Ricci Serena , Quartarone Angelo , Ghilardi M. Felice 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Recently we found that enhancements of movement-related beta (13.5–25 Hz) modulation (measured as event-related desynchronization peak to synchronization peak) during a simple reaching test (mov) occur over frontal and left sensorimotor regions after extended practice in a visuo-motor adaptation task (ROT) but not after similar duration practice in a visual learning task. Here we verify whether those enhancements are also trigged by motor practice alone or the additional learning component inherent in the visuo-motor adaptation task is needed. In healthy young subjects, beta modulation during mov increased over frontal and contralateral sensorimotor areas after three-hour practice of either ROT or reaching movements without visuo-motor adaptation (MOT). However, while the increase over the left area was similar after the two tasks, the frontal increase was greater after ROT practice. These findings confirm previous reports that extensive practice leaves local traces in beta power both at rest and during the subsequent execution of a motor test. They further suggest that, since they occur after motor tasks with (ROT) and without learning (MOT), these traces likely express the cost of processes necessary both for usage of these areas and for the engagement of long-term potentiation mechanisms necessary for creating new internal models.
GPU Accelerated Parallel Computing for Estimating Continuous Sky view Factor Map
Authors: li xiaojiang , Wang Guoqing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The sky view factor (SVF) that represents the fraction of visible sky on a hemisphere or the percentage of radiation reaching the planar ground in the entire hemisphere’s input radiation is an important parameter for urban climate studies. However, the estimation of a continuous SVF map is very time-consuming, which limits the applications of SVF to small geographical areas. This study proposed to use graphics processing unit (GPU) parallel computing to accelerate the computing of SVF in the city of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. This study implemented and compared both the GPU-accelerated version and regular CPU version of two major methods for estimating continuous SVF maps, ray tracing-based algorithm and shadow casting-based algorithm based on the high-resolution building height model. Results show that the GPU-accelerated algorithms can reduce the time consumption dramatically and estimate the SVF map for the city of Philadelphia in less than 20 minutes on a personal computer with one NVIDIA GPU. The ray tracing-based algorithm has a much more efficiency increase than the shadow casting-based algorithm on GPU. The proposed method makes it possible to generate large-scale continuous SVF maps using regular personal computers with GPU. The proposed GPU-accelerated SVF estimation methods would benefit urban climate studies.
Postconditioning with Sevoflurane or&nbsp;Propofol Alleviate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation, but Exert Dissimilar Effects on NR2B Subunit and Cognition
Authors: Liu Hongliang , Chen Bo , Guo Bianqin , Deng Xiaoyuan , Wang Bin , Dou Xiaoyun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Neuroinflammation can cause cognitive deficits, and pre-existing neuroinflammation is very common in the clinic after trauma, surgery, and infection. Patients with pre-existing neuroinflammation often need further medical treatment under general anesthesia. However, it is still unknown the effects of postconditioning with general anesthetics on the pre-existing neuroinflammation. In this study, adult rats were post-treated with sevoflurane or propofol after intracerebroventricular administration of lipopolysaccharide. The effects of sevoflurane or propofol postconditioning on neuroinflammation-induced recognition memory deficit were detected. Our results found that postconditioning with sevoflurane, but not propofol reversed the selective spatial recognition memory impairment induced by neuroinflammation, and these differential effects did not appear to be associated with the similar anti-neuroinflammatory response of general anesthetics. However, postconditioning with propofol induced a selective long-lasting upregulation of extrasynaptic NR2B-containing NMDARs in the dorsal hippocampus, which down-regulated the CREB signaling pathway, and impaired spatial recognition memory. Additionally, the NR2B antagonists, memantine and Ro2506981, reversed this neurotoxicity induced by propofol postconditioning. Altogether, these results indicate that under the pre-existing neuroinflammation, postconditioning with sevoflurane can provide reliable neuroprotection through attenuating LPS-induced neuroinflammation, apoptosis, neuronal loss, and eventually improving spatial recognition deficit. However, although posttreatment with propofol also have the same anti-neuroinflammatory effects, the neurotoxicity caused by propofol postconditioning following neuroinflammation deserves to be continuously concerned.
Tacrolimus Decreases Cognitive Function by Impairing Hippocampal Synaptic Balance: A Possible Role of Klotho
Authors: Shin Yoo Jin , Lim Sun Woo , Cui Sheng , Ko Eun Jeong , Chung Byung Ha , Kim Hong Lim , Riew Tae Ryong , Lee Mun Yong , YANG CHUL WOO 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The influence of long-term tacrolimus treatment on cognitive function remains to be elucidated. Using chronic tacrolimus neurotoxicity in mice, we evaluated the influence of tacrolimus on cognitive function, synaptic balance, its regulating protein (Klotho), and oxidative stress in the hippocampus. Compared to vehicle-treated mice, tacrolimus-treated mice showed significantly decreased hippocampal-dependent spatial learning and memory function. Furthermore, tacrolimus caused synaptic imbalance as demonstrated by decreased excitatory synapses and increased inhibitory synapses, and downregulated Klotho in a dose-dependent manner; its downregulation was localized to excitatory hippocampal synapses. Moreover, tacrolimus increased oxidative stress and was associated with the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway in the hippocampus. The present results indicate that tacrolimus impairs cognitive function via synaptic imbalance, and that these processes are associated with Klotho downregulation at synapses through tacrolimus-induced oxidative stress in the hippocampus.
A Multidimensional Model of Healthy Ageing: Proposal and Evaluation of Determinants Based on a Population Survey in Ecuador.
Authors: Rivadeneira María Fernanda , Mendieta María José , Villavicencio Jessica , Caicedo José , Buendía Patricio 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Healthy ageing is a complex construct, which involves multiple dimensions. The objective of this study was to design a multidimensional model of healthy ageing and to identify its determinants from national data in Ecuador. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out from the National Survey of Health and Well-being of the Older Adult, 2010. Sample was 1797 adults aged 65 years or more (sample expanded to 898,152). A multidimensional model was designed based on the domains involved in the concept of healthy ageing from the World Organization Health´s approach, and the environment dimension. For the analysis, two groups were created per bi-stage cluster: healthy ageing and less healthy ageing. The probability of belonging to the healthiest group was analyzed with bivariate and multivariate logit for complex samples.Results: The 53.15% of the sample was classified in the healthy ageing group. Women and the poorest older adults are less likely to be in the healthy ageing group (OR 0.58; CI 95% 0.464 - 0.737; OR 0.44; CI 95% 0.343 - 0.564). Older adults with secondary education or higher, who consider their health as excellent and who are satisfied with their life have a greater probability of being in healthy ageing (OR 2.61; 95% CI 1.586 - 4.309; OR 28.49; 95% CI 3.623 - 224.02; OR 0.23; 95% CI 0.165 - 0.341). Conclusions: The model of healthy ageing addresses multidimensional variables which are summarized in three components: the intrinsic capacity, referring to the physical and mental health, the social and political environment, and the interaction of the elderly with the environment. It was found that the poorest older adults and women are less likely to belong to the healthiest group. Healthy aging plans must focus on socioeconomic conditions and gender equity.
Relationship Between Chronic Kidney Disease and Sarcopenia
Authors: Yu Ming-Dian , Zhang Hui-Zhen , Zhang Yu , Yang Sheng-Ping , Lin Miao , Zhang Yan-Min , Wu Jia-Bin , Hong Fu-Yuan , Chen Wen-Xin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Few studies have investigated the relationship between sarcopenia and mild to moderate renal decline. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and sarcopenia. In total, 123 patients hospitalized with CKD and 57 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination during the same period (control group) were analyzed. Body compositions were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and the relative appendicular skeletal muscle index (RASMI) was calculated. Muscular strength was evaluated using a pinch meter. Walking speed within 6 m was measured for muscular function assessment. Single-photon emission computed tomography was performed to measure the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of CKD patients, who were then divided into CKD1 (55 patients in CKD stages 1 and 2) and CKD2 (68 patients in CKD stages 3-5). The incidence rates of sarcopenia were significantly higher in the CKD1 (40.0%) and CKD2 (55.9%) groups than in the control group (19.3%) (P<0.05). RASMI showed a downward trend with CKD progression (P=0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age and CKD progression were independent risk factors for sarcopenia. The morbidity of sarcopenia was significantly greater in CKD patients than in healthy volunteers, and the degree of muscle loss was closely related to CKD progression.