bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electron Microscopy of Surface Smoothness of Porcine Corneas and Acrylic Plates With Four Brands of Excimer Laser
Authors: Thomas Justus W , Mitra Shrabanee , Chuang Alice Z , Yee Richard W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study compares ablation smoothness patterns produced on four different excimer laser devices available for photorefractive surgery.
METHODS: VISX calibration plastic and porcine cornea were ablated with standard -3.00-D, -6.00-D, and -9.00-D settings using four different excimer lasers: VISX S2 Smooth Scan, Nidek EC-5000, Autonomous Ladar Vision System, and Bausch and Lomb Technolas. Electron microscopy and laser interferometry were used for qualitative evaluation of the ablated surfaces. Corneal ablation surface smoothness was graded by ten independent observers. Calibration plastic ablated surfaces were evaluated quantitatively for smoothness by laser interferometry.
RESULTS: The independent observer assessment of corneal ablation surface smoothness demonstrated that the Autonomous small spot Gaussian profile laser produced the smoothest ablation surfaces, followed by the other broad beam lasers. In comparing ablation smoothness among various refractive powers (-9.00 D, -6.00 D, and -3.00 D), a trend was observed that indicated a correlation of higher refractive settings with decreasing surface smoothness. However, this trend was not statistically significant. The quantitative laser interferometry measurements supported the independent observer ranking of the Autonomous flying small spot ablation profile as the smoothest. However, there were differences between the laser interferometry smoothness rankings and independent observer smoothness rankings.
CONCLUSION: There were significant differences in ablation surface smoothness among the four excimer lasers tested. [J Refract Surg 2003; 19:623-6281
Wavefront-guided Treatment for Previous Laser in situ Keratomileusis and Photorefractive Keratectomy: Case Reports
Authors: Salz James J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To describe the off-label use of the Alcon LADARVision System for CustomCornea (LADARWave and LADARVision4000) in two patients, one for retreatment after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and one for retreatment after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK).
METHODS AND RESULTS: Both patients were unhappy with the quality of their vision after initial refractive surgery. The first patient initially had LASIK to correct -4.75 D of myopia in each eye, and then had retreatment with CustomCornea. Before retreatment, manifest refraction was OD 0.50 -0.50 ? 180° (20/25 uncorrected) and OS -0.50 -0.75 ? 180° (20/40 uncorrected). Two months after retreatment with CustomCornea, his uncorrected visual acuity OD was 20/15, and 1 month after retreatment in his left eye, uncorrected visual acuity was 20/15. The second patient had PRK OD, with a postoperative uncorrected visual acuity of 20/25 and cycloplegic refraction of +1.00 -0.75 x 84°. After CustomCornea retreatment, his 3.5-month postoperative uncorrected visual acuity was 20/15 and manifest refraction was +0.50 -0.50 x 180°.
CONCLUSION: The Alcon LADARVision System for CustomCornea was used effectively to retreat both a myopic LASIK and myopic PRK patient, primarily for subjective quality of night vision complaints. [J Refract Surg 2003;19:S697-S702]
Fluorescein Angiography of Soft Contact Lens Induced Vascularization in Penetrating Keratoplasty
Authors: Mackman Gary , Polack Frank M , Sidrys Linas 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Soft contact lenses after penetrating keratoplasty have become more popularas improved materials with high water content and high oxygen permeability have become available. However, aphakic patients who have undergone penetrating keratoplasty seem to be at high risk for development of graft vascularization when extended wear soft lenses are used for optical correction. This report, to our knowledge, is the first to use corneal fluorescein angiography to study contact lens induced vascularization. Corneal fluorescein angiography, in two cases, showed that vascularization was often more extensive than clinically apparent. Further, these "new" vessels, in both cases, were shown to be "leaky." This great degree of leak contributed to graft edema in both and possibly, in one case, to graft rejection. These findings suggest that care in fitting and careful follow-up is necessary in any graft patient fit with an extended wear lens and that delicate or problem patients may be better aided with other forms of optical correction. Further, this report shows the value of corneal fluorescein angiography as a useful tool in the study of vascularization of the cornea from any cause.
Pseudallescheria boydii (Petriellidium boydii) Infection of the Orbit
Authors: Nunery William R , Welsh Michael G , Saylor Randel L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 10-year-old male developed a chronic orbital infection following penetrating trauma and retention of an orbital foreign body. Diagnosis of infection with Pseudallescheria boydii (Petriellidium boydii) was made by fungal smear and culture. Sensitivity tests indicated the organism was resistant to amphotericin B. Surgical debridement of the inferior orbit and removal of the foreign body was followed by a six-week course of intravenous miconozale. The patient has shown no signs of recurrence in a two-year follow-up period. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of orbital infection with Pseudallescheria boydii, although the organism has been reported in cornea, ocular, and peri-orbital sinus infections.
Coaxial Radio Frequency (RF) Diathermy in Anterior Segment Surgery
Authors: Savage James A , Simmons Richard J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Modern ophthalmic microsurgery, particularly cataract extraction, trabeculectomy, and other forms of glaucoma filtration surgery, has been characterized by ever increasing precision. The use of radio frequency (RF) currents for cautery of blood vessels in anterior segment microsurgery has several advantages over other methods widely employed, including the bipolar cautery. A coaxial monopolar underwater diathermy probe, which operates with RF current has been specifically developed for anterior segment microsurgery and has proved vastly superior in cataract surgery, trabeculectomy, and full thickness glaucoma filtration procedures.
Congenital Absence of the Superior Oblique Tendon in Craniofacial Dysostosis
Authors: Pinchoff Barry S , Sandall Gary 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Absence of each of the extraocular muscles as a rare cause of strabismus has been reported. Helveston suggests that a significant horizontal deviation with suppression and/or amblyopia in a patient with the preoperative diagnosis of congenital superior oblique palsy should alert one to a possible absence of the superior oblique tendon.1 We present and discuss two patients with craniofacial dysostosis in whom extensive surgical exploration showed an absence of the superior oblique tendon.
Disappearance of Keratic Precipitates After Intraocular Surgery
Authors: Hemo Itzhak , Zauberman Hanan 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Two patients presenting with signs of anterior uveitis and keratic precipitates underwent intraocular surgery. When the bandages were changed, one day after surgery, it was observed that all the keratic precipitates had disappeared. The KPs did not reappear, and the eyes remained free of inflammation in the anterior segment during a six-month follow-up.
BB-Gun Injuries to the Eye
Authors: Brown Gary C , Tasman William S , Benson William E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTThirteen patients with BB-gun injuries to the eye are reported. Included are nine instances of double perforation, one case of vitreous hemorrhage, a case of late rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, one of retinitis sclopetaria, and a case of an intraocular shell casing introduced indirectly via an inadvertant BB-gun discharge into a drawer of bullets. Among the nine globes with double perforation, seven eyes were irreparably damaged and eventually enucleated, while two remained with hand motions vision. Despite modern vitrectomy techniques, double perforating BB-gun injuries to the globe imply a grim prognosis.
Long-Term Gonioscopy Follow-Up of Eyes With Posterior Chamber Lens Implants and No Iridectomy
Authors: Murphy Gates E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
One hundred eyes which had undergone extracapsular cataract extraction with no iridectomy followed by insertion of a posterior chamber lens were examined gonioscopically 1 to 4.7 years postoperatively to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic angle closure from pupillary block. Since no peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) characteristic of pupillary block were found, there seems to be little risk that these eyes will develop angle-closure glaucoma. During the study small PAS were noted adjacent to many haptics implanted in the ciliary sulcus.
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion Associated With Periocular Corticosteroid Injection for Juvenile Hemangioma
Authors: Shorr Norman , Seiff Stuart R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Intralesional corticosteroid injections are an accepted treatment for periocular juvenile hemangiomas. This treatment is felt to be relatively free of complications. We report, however, a case of central retinal artery occlusion associated with steroid injection for a periocular juvenile hemangioma in a four-year-old child. It is presumed that the force of injection or digital massage caused retrograde arterial flow, moving steroid suspension particles into the central retinal artery where vascular occlusion occurred. As a result of this case, our treatment regimen has been modified. We now use 0.1 cc steroid alloquats injected slowly through a 30-gauge needle and avoid firm digital pressure on the lesion.
Cystoid Macular Edema Following Penetrating Keratoplasty: Incidence and Prognosis
Authors: Nirankari Verinder S , Karesh James W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The incidence of clinically significant and angiographically documented cystoid macular edema (CME) following penetrating keratoplasty was studied in a consecutive series of 102 eyes over an average follow-up of 30 months. CME was seen only in the aphakic eyes. Twenty out of 68 eyes in this group developed CME. There was a statistically significant higher incidence of CME in eyes undergoing vitrectomy than in eyes not undergoing vitrectomy (p<.01). Also, there was a higher incidence of CME in eyes with aphakic bullous keratopathy (p<.01) and Pseudophakie bullous keratopathy (p<.05), when compared to eyes undergoing combined cataract extraction and corneal transplantation.
All eyes with CME were empirically treated with oral prednisone (two eyes) or oral Ibuprofen (18 eyes). Over an average follow-up of nine months, 13 of these eyes showed complete resolution of their CME with improvement in visual acuity to 20/60 or better in 12 eyes.
Inferior Oblique Advancement for "A" Pattern Esotropia
Authors: Goldstein Joseph H 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The treatment of "A" pattern esotropia includes bilateral weakening of the superior oblique muscles, vertical displacement of the horizontal rectus muscles, bilateral or unilateral, and horizontal displacement of the vertical rectus muscles. The cases presented indicate that bilateral inferior oblique advancement is an effective alternative procedure for the management of large "A" pattern esotropia.
Effects of the Pulsed Neodymium: YAG Laser on the Posterior Segment
Authors: Brown Gary C , Scimeca Gregory , Shields Jerry A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The posterior segments of eight eyes of New Zealand white rabbits were treated with the pulsed Neodymium:YAG laser and studied ophthalmoscopically and histopathologically. Following treatment, funduscopy revealed lntraretlnal and preretinal bleeding, and histopathologic studies disclosed full thickness destruction of the retina and underlying choroid. At two months after the insult, yellow chorloretinal scars could be seen in the treated areas. Microscopic examination of these lesions demonstrated the formation of a strong adhesion between the retina and choroid and replacement of most of these layers with fibroglial scar tissue.
Neodymium: YAG Laser Iridectomy and Acute Cataract Formation in the Rabbit
Authors: Seedor John A , Greenidge Kevin C , Dunn Michael W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The Q-switched NeodymiumiYAG (Nd=YAG) laser in the single pulse mode was used to perform iridectomles in pigmented and albino rabbits. Seventy-one iridectomies were attempted. Seventy-six percent (54/71) of these were patent at the time of enucleation. lridectomy closure was not noted during the 24-day study period. Lenticular damage was not detected in any case. Patency rates in pigmented (70%) and albino (78%) irides were similar.
Energy levels of 6 ml or greater resulted in a higher rate of patency. Settings below 6 ml were associated with more significant bleeding and had a low rate of success.
The histology of acute Q-switched Nd: YAG laser iridectomy is characterized by fragmentation of the stroma and wide dispersion of the pigment epithelium. Minimal healing occurs with retention of normal iris architecture without atrophy or fibrosis. Results indicate that this procedure can be performed with minimal operative complications and without a tendency for closure.
Long-Term Dislocation of a Hard Contact Lens
Authors: Burns John A , Cahill Kenneth V 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 48-year-old female was fitted with hard contact lenses and lost the right lens the next day. She was asymptomatic for 62 months but then presented with a painful mass in the right superonasal orbital quadrant. Surgical exploration was non-diagnostic. Five months later the contact lens was found in the right upper fornix. This case emphasizes the importance of a thorough ocular examination, including double eversion of the lids and sweeping the fornlces of patients with unidentified periocular masses or pain.
Prediction of Postoperative Visual Acuity in Cataract Patients Using the Flying Corpuscle Viewer®
Authors: Adams Donald F , Schock John P 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
One hundred one cataract patients were tested preoperatively for macular function using the Flying Corpuscle Viewer®, a portable blue field entoptic device which utilizes the slit lamp as a light source. Preoperative appreciation of the "Flying Leukocyte Corpuscles" (FLC) indicated a high probability of good postoperative visual acuity, while lack of appreciation of the blue field entoptic phenomenon preoperatively had no predictive value for postoperative visual acuity.
Medical Malpractice Litigation in Ophthalmology: The New Jersey Experience
Authors: Kraushar Marvin F , Turner Margaret F 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
One hundred twenty-one medical malpractice claims against ophthalmologists are analyzed with respect to the specific allegation, the ophthalmic cause of litigation, and disposition. Failure or delay in diagnosis was responsible for 35% of claims and 63% of patient indemnification. Allegations of failure to diagnose most commonly concerned retinal detachment. While an identical number of claims were closed with payment because of errors in treatment, the indemnity for these claims was less by a factor of nearly half. The greatest number of claims alleging negligent treatment involved complications of cataract surgery.
The Incidence of Preoperative Endothelial Dystrophy in Pseudophakic Bullous Keratopathy
Authors: Lugo Miguel , Cohen Elisabeth J , Eagle Ralph C , Parker Anne V , Laibson Peter R , Arentsen Juan J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
To investigate the contribution of endothelial dystrophy to the subsequent development of Pseudophakie bullous keratopathy, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical records and histopathologic specimens of Pseudophakie patients who had undergone penetrating keratoplasty for corneal decompensation.
Conclusive evidence of endothelial dystrophy was found in a majority (18 of 27, 67%) of patients who developed Pseudophakie bullous keratopathy following implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens. By contrast, the incidence in a comparable group of 51 Pseudophakie bullous keratopathy patients with anterior chamber intraocular lenses was low (six of 51, 12%) (P<0.01).
In analyzing the relative risk of post-surgical corneal decompensation, one cannot implicate a particular intraocular lens without considering pre-existing endothelial dystrophy.
Surgical Removal of an "Inoperable" Neurofibroma
Authors: Mamalis Nick , Apple David J , Williams Ruth D , Crandall Alan S , Manthey Russell 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
An 8-month-oId girl had ipsilateral ptosis, proptosis, and glaucoma caused by a massive left-sided plexiform neurofibroma. The tumor extended from the cavernous sinus into the orbit, involving the optic nerve, extraocular muscles, and eyelid. Although the prognosis in such cases is considered very poor, most of the mass was excised by a radical neurosurgical and ophthalmologic procedure. Today, the patient remains asymptomatic with no further neurologic defects. This case is unusual in that the glaucoma developed prior ?? clinically evident eyelid involvement.
Corrective Cosmetics Adjunctive to the Fields of Ophthalmology and Plastic Surgery
Authors: Roberts N Craig 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
An effective, stable cosmetic cover creme useful for ophthalmologists is presented. In a series of 52 patients, there was a high degree of patient acceptance. If properly used, the creme is effective and involves minimal risk because it has been subjected to sensitivity, photosensitivity, comedogenic, and sun blocking tests. The author recommends this camouflage creme for adjunctive use.
Use of Fibrin Glue in Ocular Surgery
Authors: Zauberman H , Hemo I 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Cryoprecipitate and thrombin were used to prevent bleeding and induce permanent conjunctival attachment in ten cases of retinal detachment, 40 cases of extracapsular cataract extraction, and ten cases of strabismus. This method proved to be a good alternative to suturing the conjunctiva in each of the abovementioned surgical procedures, and appears to result in a better and more comfortable postoperative course.
CT Scan of Cutaneous Lacrimal (Anlage) Fistula
Authors: Anderson Steven A , Wesley Ralph E 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report CT visualization of both a rare congenital lacrimal fistula and a large mucocele of the lacrimal sac on the opposite side of the same patient. CT scan visualization of a patent anlage fistula has not been reported previously. CT scans can demonstrate extensive orbital abnormalities not detectable by routine clinical or radiologic evaluation.
Visual Results After Cataract Surgery by a Military Resident Surgeon
Authors: Green Robert P , Peters Daniel R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We compare the visual results of cataract surgery performed by a military resident with those achieved by civilian surgeons. Upon reviewing the first 47 extracapsular cataract extractions performed by one resident military surgeon, we found that 98% of eyes achieved a final visual acuity of 20/40 or better, and 95% were 20/25 or better. The mean surgically induced astigmatism was 0.54 diopters, with 97% «2 D from preoperative values. Eighty-three percent of eyes receiving intraocular lenses were within 2 D of emmetropia. The mean residual refractive error in those eyes was +0.121. Complications were infrequent (17%). These results compare favorably with other reports.
Complications of Nadbath Facial Nerve Block and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Lindquist Thomas D , Kopietz Leslie A , Spigelman Alan V , Nichols Bruce D , Lindstrom Richard L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In a retrospective study of complications resulting from the Nadbath facial nerve block, we identified three patients (0.25%) over a 2-year period. Complications included dysphonia, laryngospasm, unilateral vocal cord paralysis, and a sensation of the inability to breathe. As it exits the stylomastoid foramen, the facial nerve lies close to the vagus, glossopharyngeal, and accessory nerves. Particular care must be taken, therefore, when giving Nadbath blocks in very thin individuals. The use of hyaluronidase, which enhances effusion of the anesthetic agent, should probably be withheld.
Trabeculectomy, ECCE With PC-IOL Implant, and Vitrectomy After Malignant Glaucoma
Authors: Schiff Frank S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A patient with narrow-angle glaucoma developed a post peripheral iridectomy malignant glaucoma in both eyes. The intraocular pressure (IOP) in both eyes was controlled with mydriatics, cycloplegics, and Diamox for 2 years. Subsequently the patient developed a dense cataract and uncontrollable IOP in her left eye. An extracapsular cataract extraction, posterior chamber lens implant, and trabeculectomy were combined with an anterior vitrectomy. The IOP in both eyes has been controlled for 3 years postoperatively.
Corneal Decompensation Following Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma
Authors: Krontz Daniel P , Wood Thomas O 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Ten eyes of nine patients with endothelial dystrophy requiring iridectomy for acute angle-closure glaucoma developed corneal edema sufficient to require penetrating keratoplasty. Because of the proximity of iris to cornea, simultaneous lens extraction was carried out to prevent malignant glaucoma. Penetrating keratoplasty using techniques presented here provided improved visual acuity and control of glaucoma in all cases.
Prostaglandin E
2
and Protein Release Following Nd: YAG Laser Application to the Anterior Capsule of Rabbit Lens
Authors: Kao Grace W , Pang M Pierre , Peyman Gholam A , Weinreb Robert N 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We compared the effects of Nd: YAG laser anterior capsulotomy and photophacofragmentation on the release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and protein in the New Zealand rabbit aqueous humor. Following anterior capsulotomy, the concentration of PGE2 was significantly more elevated (P < .025) than it was in the contralateral untreated eyes at intervals from one-half hour up to four hours, and rapidly decreased in 24 hours. The concentration of protein showed a relatively gradual increase which became significant (P < .05) after two hours, and remained elevated 24 hours after anterior capsulotomy. In contrast, photodisruption into the lens without damaging the anterior capsule showed little effect on the release of PGE2 and protein in the aqueous humor.
Sustained Release of the Antimetabolite 5-Fluorouridine-5′-Monophosphate by Multivesicular Liposomes
Authors: Assil Kerry K , Lane James , Weinreb Robert N 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We have developed a novel liposome for sustained drug delivery to the eye of the antimetabolite 5-fluorouridine-5′-monophosphate (FUMP), a potent metabolite of 5-fluorouracil. The in vitro half-life of FUMP incorporated within these liposomes was 585 hours. Following subconjunctival administration of 1 mg of FUMP to 13 New Zealand white rabbits, the tissue drug level at the injection site was significantly greater in the group treated with liposomes than it was in the group not treated with liposomes (p = .02). These liposomes offer the potential for sustained release of FUMP in the eye. By controlling the rate of drug release, it may be possible to reduce the need for frequent drug administration and its associated ocular toxicity as well as to improve treatment efficacy.
A Bubble-free Goniolens
Authors: Kapetansky Frederick M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A modified Goldmann-type gonioscopy lens bas been developed which can be successfully applied to the cornea without requiring methylcellulose or other viscous solution between the cornea and the inner surface of the contact lens. This goniolens does not indent the cornea, leaving the anterior chamber angle configuration unaltered during gonioscopy. In addition the optic disc can be visualized with the slit lamp by looking through the central portion of the goniolens.