bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endometrial epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) by menstruation-related inflammatory factors during hypoxia
Authors: Kusama K , Fukushima Y , Yoshida K , Sakakibara H , Tsubata N , Yoshie M , Kojima J , Nishi H , Tamura K 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Endometriosis is characterised by inflammation and fibrotic changes. Our previous study using a mouse model showed that proinflammatory factors present in peritoneal haemorrhage exacerbated inflammation in endometriosis-like grafts, at least in part through the activation of prostaglandin (PG) E2 receptor and protease-activated receptor (PAR). In addition, hypoxia is a well-known inducer of fibrosis that may be associated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the complex molecular interactions between hypoxia and proinflammatory menstruation-related factors, PGE2 and thrombin, a PAR1 agonist, on EMT in endometriosis have not been fully characterised. To explore the effects of hypoxia and proinflammatory factors on EMT-like changes in endometrial cells, we determined the effects of PGE2 and thrombin (P/T) on EMT marker expression and cell migration in three dimensional cultured human endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) and endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). Treatment of EECs with P/T under hypoxia stimulated cell migration, increased the expression of mesenchymal N-cadherin, vimentin and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), and reduced the expression of epithelial E-cadherin. Furthermore, treatment with C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), a ligand for CXCR4, increased EMT marker expression and cell migration. In ESCs, P/T or oestrogen treatment under hypoxic conditions increased the expression and secretion of CXCL12. Taken together, our data show that hypoxic and proinflammatory stimuli induce EMT, cell migration and inflammation in EECs, which was increased by CXCL12 derived from ESCs. These data imply that inflammatory mediators in retrograde menstrual fluid contribute to ectopic endometrial EMT and migration in the presence of peritoneal hypoxia.
Property Claims on Antibiotic Effectiveness
Authors: Timmermann Cristian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe scope and type of property rights recognized over the effectiveness of antibiotics have a direct effect on how those claiming ownership engage in the exploitation and stewardship of this scarce resource. We examine the different property claims and rights the four major interest groups are asserting on antibiotics: (i) the inventors, (ii) those demanding that the resource be treated like any other transferable commodity, (iii) those advocating usage restrictions based on good stewardship principles and (iv) those considering the resource as common heritage of humankind.
Effect of exogenous glucoamylase inclusion on in vitro fermentation and growth performance of feedlot steers fed a dry-rolled corn-based diet
Authors: Pittaluga Alejandro M , Yu Shukun , Li Wenting , McCann Josh C 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The objective was to evaluate the effect of adding an exogenous glucoamylase (GA) enzyme from the fungus Trichoderma reesei on in vitro fermentation, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers fed a dry-rolled corn (DRC)-based diet. Experiment 1 evaluated three levels of added enzyme (0, 0.24, and 0.72 GA enzyme units) and two corn particle sizes (CPS; 2 and 4 mm) in a factorial arrangement using a 7 h in vitro batch culture fermentation. Addition of GA increased (P &lt; 0.01) in vitro dry matter disappearance by 13% and decreased final pH (P &lt; 0.01). Molar proportion of propionate increased with GA inclusion (P &lt; 0.01). A smaller CPS increased (P &lt; 0.01) in vitro dry matter disappearance and total volatile fatty acid and decreased final pH (P &lt; 0.01). A smaller CPS also decreased (P &lt; 0.01) the molar proportion of acetate and increased (P &lt; 0.01) the molar proportion of butyrate. In experiment 2, Angus × Simmental steers (n = 105; initial body weight [BW] = 329 ± 38 kg) were used to evaluate the inclusion of an exogenous GA on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Steers were fed a basal diet consisting of 60% DRC, 17.5% modified distillers grains with solubles, 12.5% corn silage, and 10% dry supplement on a dry matter basis for 136 d. Steers were blocked by weight and allotted to pens. Pens were randomly assigned to one of three treatments (5 pens/treatment): diet with no GA (CON), low inclusion of GA (122 enzyme units/kg dry matter [DM]; LGA), or high inclusion of GA (183 enzyme units/kg DM; HGA). Inclusion of GA did not affect (P ≥ 0.23) final BW, dry matter intake (DMI), or average daily gain (ADG) for the 136-d feeding period. Feed conversion was affected (P = 0.02) by treatment with steers fed HGA having ~8% greater G:F compared with LGA and CON. Treatment did not affect (P = 0.32) fecal starch. Inclusion of GA did not affect (P ≥ 0.19) carcass traits including hot carcass weight, 12th rib fat thickness, yield grade, longissimus muscle area, or marbling score. Overall, results suggest inclusion of exogenous GA enzyme increased in vitro dry matter disappearance in batch culture and improved feed conversion in steers fed 183 enzyme units/kg DM during the finishing phase.
12. PUBLIC UNDERSTANDING OF HYPERTENSION AND ITS TREATMENT
Authors: Simatupang Abraham , Sitompul Fransiska , Tobing Linggom Kurniaty 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Hypertension is one of the non-communicable diseases that is becoming a global problem. Hypertension is characterized by systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg and diastolic 90 mmHg (according to JNC VIII). Uncontrolled hypertension affects all organs with various diseases and conditions that cause stroke, ischemic heart disease, heart attack, heart failure, kidney failure, blindness, etc.
According to Basic Health Research (Riskesdas 2018) the prevalence of hypertension for >18 years is 8.4%. According to measurements taken in health care facilities by 34.1%. Prevalence in the city was 34.4%, in the village it was 33.7%, while according to male sex 31.3% and female 36.9%.

Objective:
The purpose of the study was to find out the knowledge and awareness of laypeople on hypertension.

Method:
This cross-sectional online study is equipped with 11 questions. Respondents were recruited from social media groups.

Results:
Four hundred and one respondents (63% female, 37% male), with the most age range 21–40 years (38%), 41–55 years (36%) and 56–65 years old (18.4%). Seventy-two percent of respondents did not have hypertension, while 19% of hypertension and 9% said they did not know. Fifty-three percent of respondents (213 people) knew the size of high blood pressure, 140/90 mmHg. 89% respondents said hypertension should be treated regularly. 77% of respondents responded when diagnosed with hypertension should take medication. The most hypertension complications answered by respondents were stroke (40%), heart attack (26%) and heart failure (16%). Amlodipine is most mentioned by respondents, the second is ACE-inhibitor, there are still mentions of omeprazole and omega-3 as anti-hypertension. Family history and a diet high in salt were risk factors that many respondents chose.

Conclusion:
Respondents have a good understanding of hypertension. Need information related to behaviour so that prevalence does not continue to increase.
14. REDUCE CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK BY REDUCING SITTING TIME AMONG OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE ADULTS: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Putra Andi Eka , Hendsun  
Published: May 2021

Background:
Hypertension is a worldwide major public health concern associated with increased cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in adults. The rapid growth of technology and busier lifestyles cause society to have a longer period of sitting time which causes Hypertension and worsens other CMR. Objective: We aimed to evaluate whether prolonged standing time may decrease CMR among overweight and obese adults.

Methods:
Studies were searched from Pubmed, Cochrane, Science Direct/Clinicalkey up to December 2019. We included studies of any design that evaluate sitting time and standing time to CMR among overweight and obese adults. Effect sizes were expressed as mean difference (MD), 95% Confidence interval (CI), and p-value <0.05.

Results:
Five eligible studies including 220 participants (1 RCT, 2 randomized crossover trial, and 2 observational studies) were included in this study. All studies compared standing versus sitting time. We found statistically significant difference in diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) (MD -2.05, 95% CI -2.60, -1.50, 5 studies, p < 0.00001), total cholesterol (mmol/L) (MD -0.38, 95% CI -0.67, -0.09, 2 studies, p = 0.01), LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) (MD -0.38, 95% CI -0.65, -0.12, 2 studies, p = 0.005), and fasting glucose (mmol/L) (MD 0.10, 95% CI 0.05, 0.16, 3 studies, p = 0.0003). No statistically significant difference in systolic blood pressure (mmHg) (MD -1.67, 95% CI -3.37, 0.02, 5 studies, p = 0.05), triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, weight, BMI, and waist circumference.

Conclusion:
Some studies show a statistically significant difference between prolonged standing and sitting time in CMR among overweight and obese adults. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to explore more to this issue.
18. THE ROLE OF EDUCATION AND LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION IN CONTROLLING BLOOD PRESSURE AMONG HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS IN MOH RIDWAN MEURAKSA ARMY HOSPITAL
Authors: Adiwinata Sheila , Librantoro  
Published: May 2021

Background:
Blood pressure control rates in patients treated with pharmacotherapy remain low. Recent guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension suggest that lifestyle changes are useful and effective to reduce blood pressure and global cardiovascular risk.

Objective:
This study was undertaken to give us insight on role of education and lifestyle modification in controlling blood pressure among hypertensive patients.

Method:
50 patients with uncontrolled blood pressure in Moh Ridwan Meuraksa Army Hospital in 2018 are eligible for the study. Data of BMI, smoking status, physical activity, alcohol consumption, diet, and blood pressure were collected. Then patients were educated about definition, risk factors, complications of hypertension, given treatment of hypertension, counselling on lifestyle changes, The DASH diet, and monthly routine check up. After 3 months follow up, post intervention data were collected.

Result:
5 patients were lost to follow up. 5 of 45 uncontrolled hypertensive patients have knowledge of hypertension. After counselling, 7 patients quit smoking, 4 patients quit consuming alcohol, 27 patients routinely implementation of DASH diet and 16 patients routinely physical activity (5 times a week, 30 minutes each). Based on BMI data, 11 obese (24.45%) and 29 overweight patients (64.44%) decrease to 7 obese (2.44%) and 30 overweight patients (66.67%). 3 patients turn to normal BMI. After 3 months follow up, 39 of 45 patients achieved blood pressure target.

Conclusion:
Education and lifestyle modification are effective in increasing awareness of hypertension and achieving blood pressure target. Further study is needed to decrease cardiovascular mortality in hypertension patients
19. FACTORS CONTRIBUTING HYPERTENSION IN YOUNG ADULT PATIENTS IN MOH RIDWAN MEURAKSA ARMY HOSPITAL
Authors: Adiwinata Sheila , Librantoro  
Published: May 2021

Background:
Hypertension is a major health problem which contributing for cardiovascular disease and other complications. Nowadays, the incidence of hypertension in young population is increasing. Many factors contribute the occurrence of hypertension in young adults.

Objective:
This study is to determine factors contributing hypertension in young adult patient in Moh Ridwan Meuraksa Army Hospital.

Method:
This study was carried out a cross sectional study that utilized medical record from Moh Ridwan Meuraksa Army Hospital within January to December 2019. Patients aged ≤45 years with Systolic Blood Pressure ≥140 mmHg and Diastolic Blood Pressure ≥90 mmHg were included. Risk factors data such as gender; BMI; smoking status; family history of hypertension; and physical activity statuses were collected. The exclusion criteria were patients with any other cardiac, kidney and vascular disease.

Result:
91 hypertensive young patients were selected during January to December 2019, 51 patients (56.04%) are male and 40 patients (43.96%) are female. 62 patients (68.13%) with grade 1 hypertension, 28 patients (30.77%) with grade 2 hypertension and 1 patient (1.10%) with grade 3 hypertension. Based on BMI, 41 patients (45.06%) are overweight and 26 patients (28.57%) are obese. According risk factors data, absent of physical activity is the highest prevalence (69.23%) then followed by smoking (61.54%) and family history of hypertension (58.24%).

Conclusion:
This study revealed that the highest risk factor that contributing hypertension in young adult patients is absent of physical activity. Further study is needed to prevent cardiovascular mortality in younger population.
20. SERUM GUT-DERIVED METABOLITE TRIMETHYLAMINE N-OXIDE CONCENTRATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH RISK OF PRE-ECLAMPSIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Kamarullah William , Angelina Monica , Suratinoyo Adis Tiara 
Published: May 2021

Background:
The gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is gradually deemed as a novel risk factor for cardiovascular events. However, there is limited evidence about the role of TMAO in pre-eclampsia.

Objective:
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the association of TMAO in pre-eclampsia.

Methods:
PubMed, Europe PMC, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar were systematically searched from inception up to January 2021. The standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated and pooled to investigate the effect sizes.

Results:
Three eligible articles that met the study criteria were included in the current meta-analysis. Overall, the higher serum TMAO level was significantly associated with risk for pre-eclampsia (SMD = 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.29–1.46, Z = 2.94, P = 0.003) compared with healthy control. A significant heterogeneity among studies was observed (I
2 = 85%; P-heterogeneity = 0.001). Hence, we conducted subgroup analyses of severity status to investigate the source of heterogeneity. Consistent results were obtained in all examined subgroups as well as in the sensitivity analysis. The risk for severe pre-eclampsia for higher serum TMAO was 1.16 (95% CI = 0.69–1.62, Z = 4.85, P < 0.00001) compared with control group although no significant difference was observed concerning the association between serum TMAO level and mild pre-eclampsia (SMD = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.27–1.15, Z = 1.21, P = 0.22).

Conclusion:
The current meta-analysis shows that higher serum TMAO amount was associated with increased risk of pre-eclampsia.
22. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE, DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE, AND MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE ON ADMISSION WITH THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT LENGTH OF STAY, TOTAL LENGTH OF STAY, AND IN-HOSPITAL MORTALITY AMONG ALL-CAUSE ACUTE HEART FAILURE PATIENTS
Authors: Haloho SRNA , Fahmi Z , Rahman FA , Delfian T 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Acute heart failure (AHF) is a life-threatening condition that increase the intensive care unit and total length of stay and also the risk of in-hospital mortality. It has been widely known that blood pressure components are some of the prognostic factors of heart failure.

Objective:
To determine association between two main blood pressure components, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), as well as mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the clinical settings.

Methods:
We reviewed the medical records of 50 patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) for all-cause acute heart failure within a year. We use three days for ICU and four days for total length of stay (LOS) as the reference categories.

Results:
Median age, SBP, DBP, and MAP were 63.5 years, 140 mmHg, 80 mmHg, and 103 mmHg, respectively. A statistically significant association was present between SBP (p < 0.018), DBP (p < 0.006), and MAP (p < 0.007) on admission with in-hospital mortality. There was no association found between SBP, DBP, and MAP with the shorter and longer ICU and total length of stay.

Conclusion:
Among all-cause AHF patients admitted to the ICU, the SBP, DBP, and MAP on admission was associated with in-hospital mortality, respectively.
31. HYPERTENSION AND RISK OF MORTALITY IN STROKE JAVANESE PATIENTS IN NEURO HCU DR. MOEWARDI HOSPITAL SURAKARTA
Authors: Hamidi Baarid Luqman , Kirana Dewi Hayu , Mirawati Diah Kurnia , Danuaji Rivan , Subandi  , Budianto Pepi , Hambarsari Yetty , Prabaningtyas Hanindya 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Worldwide, stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability. According to WHO in 2016, 70% of stroke cases were found in low and middle income countries, 87% of deaths from stroke were also found in these countries.

Objective:
This study aims to determine the factors that influence the mortality of stroke patients.

Method:
This study was conducted on all stroke patients in the Neuro HCU Dr. Moewardi Hospital in the period January to June 2020. The independent variables were assessed for their effect on patient mortality using a quantitative observational analytic approach with logistic regression analysis.

Results:
There were 124 patients in this study. From eleven variables, only hypertension and stroke type passed the verification test. Further tests were carried out and it was found that patients with hypertension and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) had the highest probability of mortality (0.888).

Conclusion:
The probability of mortality for hypertension and SAH in this study is in accordance with previous studies that hypertension increases the risk of mortality in stroke patients and SAH patients have high mortality and morbidity rates. Therefore, optimizing the management of blood pressure and SAH is needed to reduce the mortality of stroke patients.
37. CORRELATION BETWEEN BMI AND BSA WITH CARDIAC REHABILITATION PARAMETERS IN CAD PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT HYPERTENSION WHO UNDERWENT PCI
Authors: Rantung NOH , Sarayar AM , Setiawan S , Loway CA , Budiono AB , Soemara G , Joseph VFF , Lampus NS , Pangemanan JA , Panda AL 
Published: May 2021

Background:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number 1 cause of death globally, taking an estimated 17.9 million lives annually. Hypertension is an independent risk factor for CVDs, including coronary artery disease (CAD). Obesity is a growing problem, and studies have reported a protective effect from obesity compared with normal BMI for adverse outcomes after PCI. Several studies have shown a paradox regarding the independent association between elevated BMI with reduced mortality after PCI, whether in stable and more acute clinical settings. Better cardiac rehabilitation parameter in CAD patients has also been shown to be associated with better physical health, quality of life, regardless of other risk factors.

Purpose:
This study aims to find the correlation between BMI and BSA with cardiac rehabilitation parameters in CAD patients who underwent PCI.

Methods:
77 CAD patients were included in the study. Statistical analysis using Pearson's Correlation was done using SPSS to find a correlation between BSA and BMI with exercise capacity using metabolic equivalents (METs) and a six-minute walk test (6MWT) before hospital discharge.

Results:
We found significant correlation between METs (p = 0.01, r = 0.302) and 6MWT (p = 0.025, r = 0.264) with BSA, but not with BMI. The correlation remains significant in the hypertensive group only.

Conclusions:
There is a statistically significant correlation between cardiac rehabilitation parameters with BSA in CAD patients who underwent PCI.
44. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HYPERTENSION AND HYPONATREMIA IN CORONAVIRUS DISEASE PATIENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Wulandari Ayu Pramitha , Nugroho Dhani Tri Wahyu 
Published: May 2021

Background
: Hypertension has been presumed to be associated with the severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) related to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Besides, hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder in COVID-19 patients and has been reported to be associated with increased mortality.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the association between hypertension and hyponatremia in COVID-19 patients who were admitted to Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital Mojokerto.

Method:
In this study, we cross-sectionally investigated COVID-19 patients who were admitted to Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital Mojokerto between December 2020 and January 2021. According to medical records, we evaluated COVID-19 patients who have hypertension as comorbidities and hyponatremia from laboratory results.

Result:
There were 98 COVID-19 patients consisted of 50 men and 48 women included in this study. The mean number of patients’ age was 55.6 ± 12.4 years. The prevalence of hypertension among patients was 55.1%. The mean number of sodium level was 131.50 ± 11.29 mmol/L. There was a strong correlation between blood pressure and sodium balance disorders (p < 0.002). Hypertension was associated with a nearly 5.5-fold increased risk of hyponatremia in COVID-19 patients (OR 5.06; 95% CI: 1.66–15.4; p < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Hypertension comorbidity was associated with a higher risk of hyponatremia in COVID-19 patients.
49. THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ADMISSION BLOOD PRESSURE AND OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Ardining Hiradipta , Amshar Mohamed , Ulfiarakhma Dela , Napu Ramang , Karimullah Muchammad Dzikrul Haq , Widyantoro Bambang 
Published: May 2021

Background:
In patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), the role of admission blood pressure (BP) on outcomes remains inconclusive.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the association between admission BP and various outcomes in patients hospitalized for ACS.

Method:
In this cross-sectional study, 279 patients who admitted with ACS to Kediri District Hospital and Bogor General Hospital between January and June 2020 were included. Data were analyzed using SPSS software v25.

Result:
There was association between hypertension status on admission and diagnosis; there were more hypertensive patients with non-ST segment elevation (NSTE) ACS compared to ST segment elevation (STE) ACS diagnosis (p = 0.002); and significant difference on admission systolic BP between STE-ACS and NSTE-ACS patients (p < 0.00001). Patients who died during hospitalization had significantly lower admission systolic BP compared to survived patients (p = 0.001). Patients with reduced ejection fraction (EF) on follow-up echocardiography had significantly lower admission systolic BP compared to patients with normal EF (p = 0.014). Patients with diastolic dysfunction on follow-up echocardiography had significantly higher admission systolic BP compared to patients without diastolic dysfunction (p = 0.009). No significant difference on length of stay between hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients (p = 0.416).

Conclusion:
Lower admission systolic BP was associated with increased in-hospital mortality and reduced EF, while higher systolic BP was associated with diastolic dysfunction.