bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Squalene decreased malondialdehyde level of diabetic rats
Authors: Widyawati T , Syarifah S , Sumantri I B 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Squalene, a precursor for the secondary metabolite synthesis, is synthesized in animals, bacteria, fungi and plants. It has been reported to have some biological activities, one of which is as an antioxidant. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of squalene on malondialdehyde (MDA) level, an antioxidant activity marker, in diabetic rats. Diabetes type II was induced by a high-fat diet with low dose streptozotocin (30 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. A total of 12 diabetic rats were divided into 3 groups and served once daily for 14 days as follows; Group I (Squalene (S) 160 mg/kg), Group II (Metformin (M) 45 mg/kg) and Group III Aquades (DC) 10 ml/kg). MDA level were measured using Elisa method. Data were analyzed using Kruskall Wallis and Mann-Whitney as post hoc test. The results showed that MDA level in both S- (8.50 ± 1.40 µmol/L) and M- (7.74 ± 1.63 µmol/L) were lower than DC-treated groups (12.82± 2.86 µmol/L). Statistically, significant different were found between S- and DC- as well as Sand M-treated groups (p< 0.05). This study suggested that squalene able to decrease MDA level in type II diabetic rats.
Study of development of mangrove forest potential for ecotourism in Kunkun Village, Mandailing Natal Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Harahap Z A , Sahleni W , Bakti D , Leidonald R 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The mangrove ecosystem in Kunkun Village has been used as a tourist destination to be closer to nature. In addition, at this location there is also a river that is used as fishing tourism, as well as a mangrove forest that still has various fauna as one of the areas developed to be a mangrove ecotourism area. The aim of this study were to identify the suitability index of mangrove ecotourism and to determine the carrying capacity of the tourist area. This research was conducted using survey method with a sampling technique and determination of suitability based on weighting and scoring. The suitability index for mangrove tourism is included in the conditionally appropriate category with a percentage value of 55% to 75% which means that further management is needed so that the potential that exists in the mangrove ecosystem in this area can continue to be developed into an environmentally-based tourism area. While the carrying capacity of the area is 235 people/day which is divided into two groups of land and water tourism. However, the management of the ecotourism area is still lacking in terms of promotion of existing tourist spots. infrastructure in the ecotourism area is still less supportive and other facilities are not yet available.
Rhizophora stylosa as a protector against overwhelming copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) metal substances and how they affect on Belawan’s water quality
Authors: Yunasfi  , Leidonald R , Dalimunthe A , Siregar A S 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Rhizopohora stylosa, Rhizopohora mucronata, Rhizopohora apiculata, and Bruguiera gymnorhyza are among the rare types of mangrove found in coastal areas. The presence of these mangrove species in the coastal environment could be a boon to the environment. R. stylosa is one of the many species, and it can be used as a plant that collects heavy metals present in coastal areas. As a result of out-of-collection metals from various mechanical exercises that exist surrounding waterways and estuaries. From May to August 2021, researchers studied the capacity of R. stylosa to withstand the heavy metals copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) and their impact on water quality. This investigation took place at the Belawan Stream Estuary in Baristan Medan, as well as the Office of Timberland Development’s research center at the College of North Sumatra. Different types of mengrove plants found in coastal areas have unique strategies for dealing with contaminaton caused by heavy metals. Constructing various types of overpowering netal at various portions of the tree is one of the few methodologies used by mangroves. R. stylosa is a type of mangrove that may collect a lot of metal in its roots and stem before clearing it out. Overwhelming metals will degrade water quality, which will, in turn, degrade the condition of the biological system as a whole. The overpowering metal substance of Cu and Pb in the R. stylosa mangrove was found to be higher than that of Pb. The Cu component was found to be more notable than Pb in the water contained within the developing put of R. stylosa. Meanwhile, the mud material in which the R. stylosa mangrove grows creates an abundance of metal substance that is less than that of Pb.
The properties of particleboards made from non-wood lignocellulose materials bonded with melamine formaldehyde resin
Authors: Iswanto A H , Azhar I , Bukit A A , Oktaviani F , Sucipto T , Hakim L , Manurung H , Darwis A , Samsuri  , Zaitunah A , Arinah H , Susilowati A , Elfiati D , Rangkuti A B , Syahputra O K H , Harahap M M , Ulfa M , Rambey R , Hartono R 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe use of non-wood lignocellulosic materials is currently limited as organic fertilizer, fuel, and animal feed. These materials have the opportunity to be used in the manufacture of particleboard. This study aimed to analyze the properties of the panel made of non-wood lignocellulosic material bonded using melamine-formaldehyde adhesive. Non-wood lignocellulosic materials used in this study include bagasse, corn cobs, durian skin, coconut fiber, and rice husks. The material was converted into 20 mesh size particles. The level of melamine-formaldehyde adhesive used was 10%. Hot pressing was done for 10 min at 140oC using 30 kg/cm2 pressure. The board is made of 25 x 25 cm2 with a target density and thickness of 0.80 g/cm3 and 1 cm, respectively. The findings revealed that bagasse board has superior physical and mechanical properties to other lignocellulosic materials. This board has the highest internal bond and the lowest thickness swelling value. Most of the test parameters in this study did not meet the JIS A 5908-2003 because the density target was not achieved.
Multidimensional scaling approach to evaluate sustainability status of belawan watershed management
Authors: Sulaiman I A , Nasution Z , Rauf A , Kusuma M S B 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Sustainability is currently a global issue, population growth and damage to natural resources, and environmental quality issues. This study will evaluate the sustainability of Belawan watershed management to develop sustainable watershed management planning. Watershed sustainability evaluation uses the MDS approach with rapfish (Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries) program modification to 5 dimensions and 42 attributes. From the assessment, the sustainability status of the Belawan watershed for ecological, economic, social culture, institution and legal dimensions is less sustainable. In contrast,the level of technology dimension is not sustainable. With the scenario of moderate improvement obtained, the status of sustainability ecological dimension, economic dimension, social culture dimension, and institutions legal dimension are reasonably sustainable.In contrast,the technology dimension is less sustainable. For optimistic improvement scenarios, all dimensions are reasonably sustainable. Sustainable watershed management needs to be done in an integrated manner that covers all institutions and related stakeholders.
Mechanical, thermal and adhesion characteristics of natural rubber/epoxidised natural rubber (NR/ENR 25) blends containing natural microbentonite
Authors: Wirjosentono B , Tamrin  , Siregar A H , Nasution D A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Blending of natural rubber (NR) with epoxidised natural rubber (ENR 25) improved engineering characteristics of the blends, especially on their toughness, resistant to mineral oil, as well as their adhesion on hydrophilic surfaces, such as metals and concretes. Addition of natural microbentonite was expected not only to improve the blend’s compatibility, but also to enhance their thermal characteristics and adhesion properties on hydrophilic surfaces. In this works Indonesian natural rubbers (SIR-10) have been blended with epoxidised natural rubber (ENR-25) in a reflux rector in xylene solution with addition of various loading of natural microbentonite as fillers. Mechanical properties of the blends were characterized using tensile tests (tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young’s modulus), whereas their thermal properties were measured using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Furthermore, to estimate their adhesion properties on hydrophilic surfaces, the blends were immersed in water, and their water uptake were measured gravimetrically, as well as changes on their mechanical properties. It was found that optimum composition of natural microbentonite in the blend with highest tensile strength and Young’s modulus was obtained when loading of the filler was 4 phr. When compared to that without filler, DSC thermogram of the optimum blend showed better thermal properties (lower heat release decreased from 903.10 J/g to 420.17 J/g) although the decomposition temperatures did not change considerably (407.8° to 408.09°C). Whereas the later also exhibited higher water uptake (0.05 to 0.34 %) and still with acceptable mechanical properties as adhesive materials.
Precision Fishery Management Framework Based on Fisheries Management Area
Authors: Yonvitner  , Sartin J 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Implementing precision fisheries management is a challenge for fisheries governance. Precision fisheries management might depend on the availability of data, area, carrying capacity, utilization, labor, industrial capacity, and fish consumption of the community. For Indonesia, the Fisheries Management Areas (FMAs) approach could become the basis for traceability and measurability of precision fisheries management. To ensure its effectiveness, the design of precision fisheries management must be started with the development of a logical framework, which then serves as a foundation for a further management design. This paper aims to present a management framework for precision fisheries management based on Fisheries Management Area. The framework covers sub sector in fisheries including capture fisheries, aquaculture, fish processing, and conservation activities. Meanwhile, supervision is the cornerstone that will oversee the implementation of all the fisheries sub sector. The framework shows that spatial-based data is one of the determinants in the efficacy of precision fisheries management.
Utilization of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) technology for mapping and identification of agroforestry land cover patterns in Namolandur Village, North Sumatra
Authors: Arinah H , Thoha A S , Mardiyadi Z , Lubis O A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Agroforestry-based land use is widely used in society, particularly in rural areas. With a combination of tree crops (annual) and crops (seasonal), agroforestry patterns can maximize land utilization. Unmanned aircraft, often known as drones, can map and detect land cover to optimise land usage based on agroforestry. Drones have various advantages, including low cost, ease of acquisition, and the ability to utilize them in high-risk situations without endangering human life or in difficult or inaccessible places. They can also fly at low altitudes, resulting in cloud-free shots and sharper images. This research focuses on using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to map agroforestry patterns in Namolandur Village and detect and determine the area of each agroforestry pattern land cover using aerial camera photos. Using the Mavic 2 pro drone and Pix4D Mapper software for aerial photo processing, Namolandur village became the research subject. The data analysis revealed that agrisilviculture, agrosilvofishery, and agrosilvopastoral were the forms of land use with agroforestry patterns in the village of Namolandur. In addition, water guava, duku fruit (Lansium domestika), oil palm, coconut, and a combination of fish ponds, cattle, and goats are among the geographical analysis of the area and each form of land use.
Risk of coronary heart disease and stroke based on United Kingdom prospective diabetes study in type 2 DM patients in Medan
Authors: Amelia R , Harahap J , Wijaya H , Fujiati I I 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the most prevalent diabetic consequences that can lead to death. The purpose of this study was to use The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Risk Engine to determine the risk of CVD complications in type 2 DM patients. The study’s design is analytic using a cross-sectional approach, and the samples include 108 type 2 diabetes patients in Medan who fulfill the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results showed that most patients had a high risk for CHD and a low risk for stroke. Education must be carried out intensively to patients that blood sugar is more controlled to reduce the risk of complications.
Analysis of vegetation cover and built-up areas in the Percut watershed landscape, North Sumatra Province using sentinel-2 imagery
Authors: Slamet B , Syahputra O K H , Kurniawan H , Saraan M , Harahap M M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Changes in land cover have an impact on the health condition of a watershed. This research was conducted by utilizing Sentinel-2 imagery for the recording period 2020 and 2021. Three indices were used in this study, namely, the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). NDBI analysis indicates there is an increase in the built-up area of 2,092.62 hectares which means land conversion. NDWI classification shows an increase in the wetness area of 308.58 hectares, mainly occurring in the downstream part of the watershed, located to the north. There is an increase in the area of non-vegetated areas reaching 288.96 hectares in the Percut watershed based on the results of the NDVI analysis.
Plasma generation using dielectric barrier discharge reactor for phenol degradation in batik wastewater
Authors: Sa’adah A N , Saputra K B , Fadholi M D , Hermansyah V , Aryanti N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Batik wastewater contains phenolic compounds. Phenolic compounds are hematotoxic, hepatotoxic, and capable of causing mutagenesis and carcinogenesis in humans and other living organisms. Therefore, phenol compounds need to be degraded. This study uses plasma electrolysis method with Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) reactor to degrade phenolic compounds in Batik wastewater. The purpose of this study was to characterize the Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) reactor, to determine the effect of voltage and type of catalyst on phenol concentration, and to determine the interaction between voltage and catalyst type on the response of phenol concentration through analysis of variance (ANOVA). The result obtained from the characterization of the reactor is ignition voltage at 1400 Volt. The best degradation results of phenolic compounds were obtained in the treatment of Batik wastewater with FeSO4 catalyst at 2600 Volt. The phenol reduction in the best conditions reached 88.73%. Based on analysis of variance (ANOVA), voltage and quadratic catalyst variables affect the response of phenol concentrations in batik waste.
Land cover changes monitoring over ten years in upstream watershed of Deli Serdang Regency North Sumatra Province
Authors: Harahap M M , Rahmawaty  , Kurniawan H , Rauf A , Ulfa M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Deli Serdang is one of the regencies in North Sumatra Province, experiencing relatively rapid development and population. Increasing in demand for the availability of land as living space. Two sub-districts of upstream watershed experienced changes in land cover, namely; Sinembah Tanjung Muda (STM) Hilir and STM Hulu. Monitoring changes in land cover in both sub-districts is essential, given that they are located in the upstream area of the watershed and will impact other areas in the lower watershed. This study aims to analyse land cover changes in both sub-districts over ten years (2009 - 2019). The method used in calculating land changes that occur is change detection. Field surveys were carried out to ensure that the land cover conditions on the land cover maps followed the field’s actual conditions. The research shows the period of 2009 – 2019, land cover that has increased in the area are mining, industry, open land, settlements, livestock and shrubs. The decrease in the area occurred in land cover, including dryland forest, mixed gardens and cultivated land.
Thornthwaite Models for Estimating Potential evapotranspiration in Medan City
Authors: Anggraini N , Slamet B 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Evapotranspiration plays a big role in the hydrology process. Potential Evapotranspiration (PET) always keeps soil moisture available, although an amount of water evaporates through evaporation and transpiration. The Thornthwaite equation uses air temperature and latitude from meteorological observations for estimating PET. Medan City is one of the biggest cities in Indonesia that have a problem with land-use change that affected water balance. This study is to estimate the PET and to learn the water balance in Medan City. The monthly temperature data for the period 2011-2020 is collected from three meteorological stations for estimating PET using the Thornthwaite equation. The highest monthly temperature is in Belawan Maritime Meteorological Station yet the lowest rainfall. The trends of PET depend on the month. The highest PET in Jan.-Apr. and Sep.-Dec. are in Belawan Maritime Meteorological Station, while the highest PET in May-Aug. is in Indonesia Agency for Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics Region I Medan. The P-PET has shown negative and positive values. The lowest P-PET is found in Belawan Maritime Meteorological Station in March and the highest P-PET is found in Indonesia Agency for Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics Region I Medan in October.
Preparation and characterization of liquid natural rubber through oxidative degradation with phenyl hydrazine and benzoyl peroxide-oxygen
Authors: Tamrin  , Leny S , Eddiyanto  
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The aim of this research was to synthesize liquid natural rubber (LNR) from Natural rubber (SIR-20) by chain scission method in the presence of oxygen gas and difference of peroxides, phenyl hydrazine and benzoyl peroxide. The chain scission reaction was conducted in solution of xylene in close system. SIR-20 was diluted xylene before flushing with oxygen and the addition of the peroxide. The degradation oxidation by the oxygen and the peroxides was processed at 60°C for 24 hours. The degradative oxidation product was re-precipitated by adding the excess of methanol and filtrated before dried in vacuum oven 60°C for 24 hours. The dried product was characterized by Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR). It was found that the liquid natural rubber product successfully degraded by chain scission process as shown the change of the peak area intensity of infrared absorption. It was showed the peaks area intensity of O-H and carbonyl group of liquid natural rubber spectra increased.
Acceptability of Modified Onion Stick with Mocaf and Moringa Leaf Flour as Functional Food for Anemic Adolescent Girls
Authors: Adha H M , Lubis Z , Jumirah  
Published: December 2021

AbstractAdolescent girls tend to be at greater risk of developing anemia compared to adolescent boys. The background is because adolescent girls have menstruation every month, but it is not accompanied by the addition of iron-rich food intake. In an effort to meet the iron needs of them, it can be done by utilizing local food products, such as mocaf flour, and moringa leaf flour. This study aims to analyze the acceptance of onion stick that have been modified into three treatments. The research design was Completely Randomized Design (CRD), using three treatments, with a comparison of mocaf flour and moringa leaf flour, namely A1 (40:4), A2 (45:5), A3 (50:6). The data were analyzed by the Kruskal Wallis statistical test, then further analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test to see whether there was a difference. The results of the organoleptic test assessment showed that there were significant differences in the parameters of color (p = 0.001), aroma (p = 0.017), taste (p = 0.000) and texture (p = 0.003) of onion stick A1, A2, and A3, the results of the Mann Whitney test showed that the A1 formula was significantly different from the A2 and A3 formulas (p<0.05). In conclusion, the onion sticks formula A1 has the best acceptability, making it possible to conduct further research on the nutritional content and its effect on the hemoglobin level of anemic adolescent girls.
The effect of liquid organic plant supplements on aquaponic culture of red cabbage (Brassica oleraceae L. var. Capitata f. rubra DC.) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.)
Authors: Elimasni  , Nasution N 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Abstrak. Aquaponic cultivation is an innovation in the fulfillment of fish and vegetable food needs. The types of fish and vegetables that have not been widely cultivated in aquaponics are tilapia and red cabbage. The aims of this experiment is to provides information on the best concentration of plant liquid organic suplements for the maintenance of red cabbage and tilapia in this aquaponic system. These are commodity have a variety of advantages and high production so it is necessary to conduct an aquaponic assessment of tilapia and red cabbage using liquid organic supplements of plants. This research was conducted gradually, namely the preparation of red cabbage seeds and fish seeds, fermentation of water, acclimatition of fish and research treatment. The research design uses a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replays. The treatment used by giving of liquid organic supplement concentrations merk SOC plants that differ in the integrated aquaponic tarpaulin pond system is treatment1 (0 ml/l), treatment2 (2.5 ml/l), treatment3 (5 ml/l) and treatment4 (7.5 ml/l) with each pond as much as 25 fish/pond. Aquaponic watering technique using DFT (Deep Flow Technique). Variables of red cabbage include the morphometry of the red cabbage plant (height of the plant, number of leaves, and wet weight). Tilapia variables include relative growth rate and fish survival rate. The results showed that the treatment of the concentration of liquid organic supplements of plants had a noticeable effect on the height of the plant, the number of leaves and the wet weight. Data of tilapia research with aquaponic system using tepal ponds include the relative growth rate of tilapia ranging from 2.84 - 3.90%/day and tilapia survival ranges from 88-92%.