bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial Experience of Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery Lobectomy After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Plus Toripalimab in a Patient With Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report
Authors: Zhai Chunbo , Li Wei , Che Jianpeng , Wang Weiqian , Liu Bingchun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors were used for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) more and more frequently and the effects were thrilling. Toripalimab as a new immune checkpoint inhibitor has been shown to be effective in patients with advanced NSCLC. However, data regarding the safety and feasibility of surgical resection after treatment with toripalimab for NSCLC remain scarce. Here, we present a case with locally advanced NSCLC that received video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lobectomy after treatment with toripalimab in combination with chemotherapy. Case Presentation A 62-year-old male patient with a history of coronary artery stenting operation for two times was found a 3.4 × 3.2cm cavity mass in the upper lobe of the left lung and enlarged left hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes. Pathological results identified squamous cell carcinoma. The patient was diagnosed with a locally advanced NSCLC and received VATS left upper lobectomy and lymph node dissection after neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus toripalimab for 3 cycles. The postoperative pathological results showed complete tumor remission. Short-term follow-up results were excellent, and long-term results remain to be revealed. ConclusionsOur preliminary results showed that the use of neoadjuvant toripalimab and chemotherapy for the locally advanced NSCLC before surgical resection is safe and feasible.
Unraveling the Neuroprotective Effect of Tinospora Cordifolia in Parkinsonian Mouse Model Through Proteomics Approach.
Authors: Birla Hareram , Keswani Chetan , Singh Saumitra Sen , Zahra Walia , Dilnashin Hagera , Rathore Aaina Singh , Singh Richa , Rajput Monika , Singh Surya Pratap 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundStress-induced dopaminergic (DAergic) neuronal death in the midbrain region is the primary cause of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Approximately 2% of the global population aged above 65 years is affected with PD. Various factors are responsible for the death of DAergic neurons, among which mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, misfolded protein aggregation and neuroinflammation are the primary factors. From the discovery of L-dopa, multiple drugs were discovered to improve lifestyle of PD patients, but they failed due to their multiple side effects. Tinospora cordifolia (Tc), a medicinal herb has been used in traditional medicines to treat neurodegenerative diseases. In our previous study, the neuroprotective role of Tc against MPTP-intoxicated Parkinsonian mice was reported. Here, we further explore the neuroprotective molecular mechanisms of Tc in Rotenone (ROT) intoxicated mouse model through proteomics approach.MethodsMice were pretreated with Tc extract by oral administration, followed by ROT-intoxication (2mg/kg body wt. for 35 days, subcutaneous). Rotarod, catalepsy, footprint and pole tests were carried out at 35th day to observe the neuroprotective effects of Tc on motor impairment caused by ROT in PD mice. Protein from nigrostriatal region of the mid brain was isolated, and label free quantification (LFQ) was carried out to identify differentially expressed protein (DEPs) in control vs. PD and PD vs. treatment group. Bioinformatics analysis of DEPs was carried out to explore the molecular pathway, cellular location, molecular function of proteins.ResultsIn this study, we report 800 DEPs in control vs. PD and 133 in PD vs. Treatment group. In silico tools clearly demonstrate significant enrichment of biochemical and molecular pathways with DEPs which are known to be important for PD progression, including, mitochondrial gene expression, hypothetical network for drug addiction, PD pathways, TGF-β signaling, Alzheimer’s disease, Odorant GPCRs and chemokine signaling pathway.ConclusionThis study provides a novel insight for the disease progression in PD mouse. More importantly, it demonstrates that Tc exerts the therapeutic effects through the regulation of multiple pathways to protect DAergic neurons.
Seasonal Variation of Biosynthetic Path Selectivity of Flavonoids, and Content and Antioxidant Activity of Metabolites in Tetrastigma Hemsleyanum Diels Et Gilg
Authors: Shi YanShou , Yang Li , Yu MinFen , Li ZhaoHui , Ke ZhiJun , Ruan Xiao , He LiPing , Wei Feng , Zhao YingXian , Wang Qiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This work investigated the seasonal variations in biosynthetic path selectivity of nine individual flavonoids, and content and antioxidant activity of three major metabolites in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum. The results revealed that under conditions of precipitation (2.0~6.6 mm), temperature (17.5~24.1°C), humidity (67.3~80.2%) and sunshine duration (3.4~5.8 h) in April and May, the total content of flavonoids reached higher levels between 282 and 394.5 μg/g; in the second half of April with the highest accumulation of flavonoids, the production selectivity (PS) of isoorientin, orientin, rutin, isoquercitin, kaempferol-3-0-rutinoside, astragalin, quercetin, apigenin and kaempferol were 0.30, 0.06, 0.07, 0.07, 0.00, 0.04, 0.38, 0.05 and 0.03, respectively; also according to the reaction network consisting of three main pathways for flavonoids syntheses in T. hemsleyanum, the selectivity of reaction Path II to synthesize quercetin, isoquercitin and rutin in April, May and June fluctuated between 0.52 and 0.66, much higher than that of reaction Path I or Path III.
Dual Edge Classifer for Robust Cloth Unfolding
Authors: Gabas Antonio , Kita Yasuyo , Yoshida Eiichi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Compared with more rigid objects, clothing items are inherently difficult for robots to recognize and manipulate. We propose a method for detecting how cloth is folded, to facilitate choosing a manipulative action that corresponds to a garment's shape and position. The proposed method involves classifying the edges and corners of a garment by distinguishing between edges formed by folds and the hem or ragged edge of the cloth. Identifying the type of edges in a corner helps to determinate how the object is folded. This bottom-up approach, together with an active perception system, allows us to select strategies for robotic manipulation. We corroborate the method using a two-armed robot to manipulate towels of different shapes, textures, and sizes.
Efficiency and Fermentative Yield of Sweet Sorghum Using Cat-1 And Pedra-2
Authors: Freita Lidyane Aline de , Freita Cristhyane Millena de , Roviero Juliana Pelegrini , Costa Gustavo Henrique Gravatim , Ferreira Osania Emerenciano , Silva Aline Ferreira , Teixeira Vitor , Tralli Letícia Fernanda , Ribeiro Natália Novais , Mutton Márcia Justino Rossini 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The increase in demand for fuels has intensified the search for renewable energy sources, mainly biomass, with sugarcane being the most important factor in the production of bioethanol. In addition, sorghum cultivation presents high potential mainly for using the same industrial production complex and being processed in the off-season of sugarcane. However, information on the chemical and technological characteristics of sweet sorghum in the national literature is scarce. These are of extreme importance considering the preparation and adaptation stages of musts and yeasts, preceding the process of ethanolic fermentation. The objective of this research was to evaluate the fermentation process of the CVSW80007 genotypes; CVWS80147 and BRS610 in laboratory scale, evaluating the performance of CAT-1 and PEDRA-2 yeasts by determining yields and fermentative efficiencies and alcohol production (L.ha-1 and L.t-1). Results: The experimental design was the randomized blocks in a 3x2x6 Factorial model in the fermentation process (for each of the yeasts studied). The results indicated that CAT-1 and PEDRA-2 yeasts demonstrate similar behavior, being efficient in the fermentation process. The fermentation of must was prepared from stalks with leaves and without leaves (135 days after sowing) of the three genotypes, results in 47.0 and 39.8 L.t-1 ethanol, respectively, using sweet sorghum.Conclusions: The conditions studied on a laboratory scale demonstrate that the different sweet sorghum genotypes have potential for ethanol production, with the stalks with leaves and panicles increasing the alcohol content and fermentative efficiency.
Decision-Making for HIV AIDS Prevention: Altruism and the Moral Norm
Authors: Campbell Gordon Evans , Johnson Lester W 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background; the purpose of this enquiry was to understand how gay men form and maintain their attitudes towards HIV transmission preventative behaviors. The cost of HIV/AIDS to society is very high and increasing. The pressing need is to increase the rate of behavioral adherence to methods intended to prevent the transmission of the HIV virus to gay men, the most at-risk population. Current knowledge about how to increase/maintain adherence comes from research primarily focused on understanding current behavior. The purpose of this enquiry was to understand more about how gay men initially form and then maintain their attitudes towards preventative behaviors.Methods; Using the Narrative Inquiry method, we recruited sixteen gay men from the Melbourne gay milieu, who narrated their autobiographical life histories. (The term narrated is consistent with the Narrative Inquiry method.). Each narrator’s autobiographical life history was reviewed as one whole, and themes within each were identified. One of the researchers is a gay man who had been immersed in the narrators’ milieu since 1985, closely involved with HIV/AIDS as an experiential phenomenon. He was therefore able to understand each life story as personal experience and embrace it intellectually.Results; Once the narrators acquired knowledge of preventative behavior they consistently adhered to that behavior. They adhered because of fear of HIV infection and because they held a moral norm that obligated them to behave altruistically to achieve values important to them; to protect not only themselves, but also their sex partners, loved ones, and their positive self-evaluation. They saw their HIV negative status, and their adherence, as both pre-requisites and enablers for achieving their goals in life. They took a long-term view of life and planned accordingly. Their autobiographies were a narrative of their life trajectory their Quest for the Ideal Gay Life, in whatever terms they imagined it. Conclusions; Dick and Basu’s Framework for Customer Loyalty, a commercial marketing communications theoretical framework, explains development and maintenance of these men’s loyalty (their consistent adherence). This understanding, within a marketing communications framework, will inform development of social marketing communications aiming to increase adherence to behaviors that prevent HIV transmission.
A potent and protective human neutralizing antibody targeting a key vulnerable site of Epstein-Barr Virus
Authors: Zhu Qian-Ying , Shan Sisi , Yu Jinfang , Peng Si-Ying , Sun Cong , Zuo Yanan , Yan Shu-Mei , Zhang Xiao , Yang Ziqing , Zhong Lan-Yi , Shi Xuangling , Cao Su-Mei , Wang Xinquan , Zeng Mu-Sheng , Zhang Linqi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a range of epithelial and B cell malignancies as well as autoimmune disorders, for which there are still no specific treatments or effective vaccines. Here, we isolated EBV gH/gL-specific antibodies from an EBV-infected individual. One antibody, 1D8, efficiently neutralized EBV infection of two major target cell types, B cells and epithelial cells. In humanized mice, 1D8 provided strong protection against a high-dose EBV challenge by substantially reducing viral loads and associated tumor burden. Crystal structure analysis revealed that 1D8 binds to a key vulnerable interface between the D-I/D-II domains of the viral gH/gL protein, especially the D-II of the gH, thereby interfering with the gH/gL-mediated membrane fusion and binding to target cells. Overall, we identified a potent neutralizing antibody as a promising candidate for prophylactic and therapeutic interventions against EBV infection. The key vulnerable site also provides insights into the EBV vaccines design.
Investigating the Mechanism of Guizhi Fuling Formula in the Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Sun Lu , Wang Zining , Li Jian , Xu Li , Xue Xiaoou 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Primary dysmenorrhea(PD)is the most common gynecologic disorder.Despite the prevalence is high, it is often underdiagnosed,undertreated and normalized even by patients themselves. Guizhi Fuling Formula (GFF) is experientially used for the treatment of PD in a long time. Therefore, the efficiency and potential mechanism are waiting to identify.Methods: We adopted network pharmacology integrated molecular docking strategy in this study.Based on published literatures, the relative compounds of GFF were selected preliminarily. Secondly, the putative targets of PD were obtained by wide-searching DisGeNET, OMIM, Drugbank and GeneCards databases.With protein-protein interaction(PPI) analysis, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and molecular docking ,we systematically evaluated the relationship of herb ingredients and disease targets.Results: The results showed that 30 ingredients of GFF and 43 hub targets made a difference.Under the further analysis,8 targets(EGFR,AKT1,PTGS2,TNF,ESR1,AHR,CTNNB1,CXCL8) were recognized as key therapeutic targets with excellent binding. The enrichment analyses indicated that the GFF had the potential to influence varieties of biological pathways, especially the pathways in cancer and steroid hormone biosynthesis, which play an important part in the pathogenesis of primary dysmenorrhea.Conclusion: GFF influenced primary dysmenorrhea through the synergistic effect of multiple components, multiple targets, and multiple pathways.This study predictedthe potential mechanism, hope that could made contribution for clinical application and scientific research.
Mass Transfer and Flow Characterization of Novel Algae Based Nutrient Removal System
Authors: Heyland Andreas , Chau Jeremy , Chai Kevin , Eaton Andrew , Nolan Kathleen , Roszell Jordan , Ahmed Wael H. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) are an essential component of sustainable inland seafood production. Still, nutrient removal from these systems can result in substantial environmental problems, or present a major cost factor with few added value options. In this study, an innovative and energy-efficient algae based nutrient removal system (NRS) was developed that has the potential to generate revenue through algal commercialization. We optimized mass transfer in our NRS design using novel aeration and mixing technology, using air lift pumps and developed an original membrane cartridge for the continuous operation of nutrient removal and algae production. Specifically, we designed, manufactured and tested a 60-liter NRS prototype. Based on specific airlift mixing conditions as well as concentration gradients, we assessed NRS nutrient removal capacity. We then examined the effects of different internal bioreactor geometries and radial orientations on the mixing efficiency. Results: Using the start-up dynamic method, the overall mass transfer coefficient was found to be in the range of 0.00164-0.0074s-1, depending on flow parameters and we confirmed a scaling relationship of mass transfer across concentration gradients. We found the optimal Reynolds number to be 500 for optimal mass transfer, as higher higher Reynolds numbers resulted in a relatively reduced increase of mass transfer. This relationship between mass transfer and Reynolds number is critical to assess scalability of our system. Our results demonstrate an even distribution of dissolved oxygen levels across the reactor core, demonstrating adequate mixing by the airlift pump, a critical consideration for optimal algal growth. Distribution of dissolved gases in the reactor was further assessed using flow visualization in order to relate the bubble distribution to the mass transfer capabilities of the reactor. Conclusions: Manipulation of the concentration gradient across the membrane demonstrates a more prominent role of airlift mixing at higher concentration gradients. Specifically, the mass transfer rate increased 3-fold when the concentration gradient was increased 2.5-fold. Our findings provide support for scalibilty of the design and support the use of this novel NRS for nutrient removal in aquaculture and potentially other applications.
Coordinately Express Hemicellulolytic Enzymes in Kluyveromycesmarxianus to Improve the Saccharification and Ethanol Production From Corncobs
Authors: Lan Qing , Duan Yitong , Wu Pingping , Li Xueyin , Yu Yao , Shi Bo , Zhou Jungang , Lu Hong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background:Hemicelluloses act as one factor contributing to the recalcitrance of lignocelluloses that prevent cellulases to degrade the cellulose efficiently even in low quantities, and supplement of hemicellulases can enhance performance of commercial cellulases in the enzymatic hydrolyses of lignocellulose. K. marxianu is an attractive yeast for cellulosic ethanol fermentation, since it has remarkable thermotolerance, high growth rate, and broad substrate spectrum etc, as well as a promising host for heterologous protein production. In this study, we attempted to coordinately express multiple hemicellulases in Kluyveromyces marxianus through a 2A-mediated ribosomes skipping to self-cleave polyproteins, and investigated their capabilities for saccharification and ethanol production from corncobs.ResultsTwo polycistronic genes IMPX and IMPαX were constructed to test the self-cleavage efficiency of P2A sequence from Foot and Mouth Disease virus (FMDV) in K. marxianus. The IMPX gene consisted of a β-mannanase gene M330 (without the stop codon), a P2A sequence and a β-xylanase gene Xyn-CDBFV in turn, while in the IMPαX gene there was an additional α-factor signal sequence fused at the N-terminus of Xyn-CDBFV. The extracellular β-mannanase activities of IMPX and IMPαX strains were 21.34 and 15.50 U/mL repectively. By contrast, the IMPαX strain secreted 136.17 U/mL β-xylanase, which was much higher than that of IMPX strain, 42.07 U/mL. Based on these, two recombinant strains, the IXαR and IMPαXPαR, were constructed to coordinately and secretorily express the β-D-xylosidase RuXyn1 and Xyn-CDBFV, or three hemicellulolytic enzymes including M330, Xyn-CDBFV and RuXyn1. The IMPαX strain produced 1664.2 and 0.90 U/mL of extracellular β-xylanase and β-xylosidase, while the IMPαXPαR strain secreted 159.8, 2210.5, and 1.25 U/ml of β-mannanase, β-xylanase, and β-xylosidase in fed-batch fermentations respectively. Hemicellulolytic enzymes of these two strains enhanced the releases of both glucose and xylose from diluted acid pretreated corncobs when acted synergistically with commercial cellulases. In hybrid saccharification and fermentation (HSF) of pretreated corncobs, hemicellulases of the IMPαXPαR strain increased about 34.2% and 11.1% of ethanol productions at 144 and 216 h respectively .ConclusionsThe FMDV P2A sequence showed high efficiency in self-cleavage of polyproteins in K. marxianus, and could be used for secretory expression of multiple enzymes in present of their own signal sequences. The IMPαXPαR strain that coexpressed three hemicellulolytic enzymes could be used as a consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) strain for ethanol production from lignocelluloses.
Expression Patterns and Prognostic Value of RUNX Genes in Kidney Cancer
Authors: Gao Ke , Zhang Fang , Chen Ke , Li Wei , Guan Yi-Bing , Xu Meng-Lu , Chong Tie , Dai Zhi-Ming 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Kidney cancer is the third most common malignancy of the urinary system, of which, kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) accounts for the vast majority. Runt-related transcription factors (RUNX) are involved in multiple cellular functions. However, the diverse expression patterns and prognostic values of RUNX genes in kidney cancer remained to be elucidated. In our study, we mined the DNA methylation, transcriptional and survival data of RUNX genes in patients with different kinds of kidney cancer through Oncomine, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, cBioPortal and LinkedOmics. We found that RUNX1 and RUNX3 were upregulated in KIRC tissues compared with those in normal tissues. The survival analysis results indicated a high transcription level of RUNX1 was associated with poor overall survival (OS) in KIRC patients. Furthermore, KIRC tumor tissues had significantly lower levels of RUNX1 promoter methylation than that in paracancerous tissues, with decreased DNA methylation of RUNX1 notably associated with poor OS in KIRC. In conclusion, our results revealed that RUNX1 may be a potential therapeutic target for treating KIRC, and RUNX1 promoter methylation level shows promise as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, which laid a foundation for further study.
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and cardiac troponin I(cTnI) for prediction of the prognosis in cancer patients with sepsis
Authors: Yang Yong , Wang Hongzhi , Leng JiaHua , Tian Xiuyun , Hao Chunyi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

This study aimed to study the value of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and cardiac troponin I(cTnI) for predicting the prognosis in cancer patients with sepsis.
Methods

A cohort of 233 cancer patients with sepsis admitted to our ICU from January 2017 to October 2020 was included in this retrospective study. BNP and cTnI on the first day (d1) and the third day(d3) after entering ICU, blood lactate (Lac), procalcitonin (PCT), Leucocyte, Sequential Organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores, the incidence of septic shock, acute kidney injury(AKI), acute respiratory failure (ARF) requiring mechanical ventilation(MV) and sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction(SIMD) within 24 hours of entering ICU, fluid balance in 24hr and 72hr of entering ICU, time of MV, length of stay in ICU ,emergency surgery were collected. According to the 28-day mortality, these patients were divided into the survival group (190 cases) and the death group (43 cases). All the above variables were compared.
Results

The multiple COX regression analysis of these variables indicated that BNP on d1 and d3, SOFA scores ,72hr fluid balance were independent predictors of the mortality in these patients (P < 0.05); The area under the ROC curve was 0.91 ± 0.01(P < 0.05) for BNP on d3. BNP on d3 at 681.5 pg/mL predicted the mortality with a sensitivity of 91.5% and a specificity of 88.7%. All patients were divided into two groups (BNP on d3 < 681.5 pg/ml or > 681.5 pg/ml), Kaplan-Meier analysis performed on the two groups showed a significant difference in the survival curve (P < 0.05) .There were also significant differences on the comorbidities including shock, AKI, ARF in both groups (P < 0.05). 126 out of 233 patients underwent random bedside echocardiography, and a total of 42 cases developed SIMD with an incidence rate of 33.3% (30.6% in the survival group and 40.9% in the death group). There was no significant difference in the incidence of SIMD between the survival group and the death group (P = 0.23). There was a significant difference between the non-SIMD and the SIMD group for BNP on d1 and d3(P < 0.05).
Conclusions

BNP was a great predictor for the prognosis of cancer patients with sepsis, while cTnI was not.