bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptation and Validation of the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ) and PTSD Checklist-5 (PCL-5) with Indian Women from Slums Reporting Gender-Based Violence
Authors: Patel Anushka , Newman Elana , Richardson Julia 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Despite high rates of gender-based violence (GBV) in India, culturally sensitive measures that examine universal and culturally relevant trauma reactions are lacking. Although the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ) has been used in India, no study has adapted the measure in full for use with this population. This study describes the adaptation, validation, and results from the adapted HTQ, containing the PTSD Checklist-5 (PCL-5), for Indian women from slums reporting GBV. Method: This study used the adaptation framework proposed by the HTQ measure developers. The adapted HTQ contained a (1) trauma screen relevant for stressors faced by Indian women from slums, (2) description of the index trauma, (3) description of any ongoing stressors, (4) universal trauma reactions (i.e., PTSD measured by the PCL-5), and culturally relevant trauma reactions (i.e., idioms of distress measured by a scale developed for the study). This measure was piloted on 111 women from Indian slums in face-to-face interviews. Trauma characteristics, types of ongoing stressors, and psychometric properties of the PCL-5 and idioms of distress scale were explored. These scales were validated against measures of depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), and somatic complaints (PHQ-9). Results: The majority of participants (77%) reported physical beatings, 18% reported unwanted sexual touch, and 28.8% reported infidelity as the primary emotional abuse. Further, 96.7% of GBV was perpetrated by partner or family member and over half reported ongoing stressors (e.g., poverty-related strain). The PCL-5 embedded in the HTQ yielded good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha=.88) as did the idioms of distress scale with deletion of one item (Cronbach’s alpha=.80). Both scales were externally valid, yielding large correlations with depression, anxiety, and somatic complaints (rs between .54 to .80, ps < .05). Discussion: This is the first study to develop a comprehensive measure of trauma exposure with universal and culturally relevant reactions in India. This study also enhances HTQ usage in India by delineating all the steps in the adaptation process. Results can inform the development of trauma-focused interventions for Indian women from slums.
An optimized method to obtain high-quality RNA from different tissues in Lilium davidii var. unicolor
Authors: Wang Chunlei , Hou Xuemei , Qi Nana , Li Changxia , Luo Yanyan , Hu Dongliang , Li Yihua , Liao Weibiao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The high quality, high yield and purity RNA samples are essential for subsequent molecular experiments such as RT-PCR, qPCR and RNA-seq. However, harvest high quality RNA samples from different tissues in Lilium davidii var. unicolor is a great challenge due to its polysaccharides, polyphenols and other secondary metabolites. In this study, three RNA extraction methods, namely modified TRIzol method, Kit and CTAB methods were reported to obtain the total RNA from Lilium davidii var. unicolor, and the efficient RNA extraction protocol (modified TRIzol method) was described. Results: A Nano drop spectrophotometer and 1% gel electrophoresis were used to detect the RNA quality and integrity. Compared with Kit and CTAB methods, the higher RNA concentrations from different tissues were obtained and the A260/280 ratios of RNA samples were ranged from1.97 to 2.27 when using the modified TRIzol method. None of intact RNA bands were gained from the modified CTAB method, indicating that the RNA samples isolation were degraded. As a result of the modified TRIzol method, the RNA samples in the different tissues from Lilium presented clear 28S and 18S bands.Conclusions: Here, modified TRIzol method is an easy, efficient, and low-cost method for RNA isolation from Lilium davidii var. unicolor. Thus, modified TRIzol method is sufficient to gain eligible RNA to support further molecular experiments in Lilium davidii var. unicolor.
Histological classification of non-small cell lung cancer using Gabor filtering Minkowski functionals and Neighborhood Component Analysis on CT images.
Authors: Yamagishi Kentaro , Naruto Norihito , Mizukami Tatsuji , Saito Junichi , Noguchi kyo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Information regarding the histological types of non-small cell lung cancer is essential to determine the treatment strategy. Although several radiomics studies using almost similar feature variables were reported, a considerable variation in the performances has been observed. In this study, as novel radiomic features, 2D Gabor filtering Minkowski functionals were used. They were calculated in rotational invariant and both scale and rotational invariant ways using circular shift operations of Gabor filters on nonenhanced computed tomographic images. Eighty-six patients (47 adenocarcinomas, 39 squamous cell carcinomas) were analyzed. Two independent observers manually delineated a single slice segmentation of a tumor. Feature selection was made by neighborhood component analysis. Among various classifiers, 1-nearest neighbor gave a promising performance. The observer-averaged accuracy of rotational invariant analysis was 86.28% and that of both scale and rotational invariant one was 88.27%. However, there was no common feature among the ten top-ranked features of each observer with the identical Gabor filtering type. Hence further study of the robustness is necessary to create a more reliable model.
Gender Interaction in Association of Perceived Social Support and Health-Related Quality of Life among Iranian Older People: A cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Tajvar Maryam , Fletcher Astrid , Grundy Emily , Karami Badrye , Mohabbati Fatemeh 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective:The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perceived social support and dimensions of HRQoL and to examine possible gender interaction in the mentioned associations.Method:A community-based cross-sectional study conducted among 644 participants over the age of 60 years old in Tehran. The data were collected through face-to-face interviews conducted in their own homes, by using a structured multi-sectional questionnaire. The version 1 of the SF-12 scale was used to measure the HRQoL, consisting of two summary measures; PCS and MCS. The Persian version of the Social Provisions Scale (SPS) was used to measure perceived social support. Four multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression models in STATA were used to examine the associations.Results:Older people with poor SPS score were 1.8 times more likely to be in the worst quartile of the MCS distribution (p=0.02), and twice as likely to be in the worst quartile of the PCS distribution (p=0.01). We found a strong evidence (p=0.02) to support the hypothesis of gender interaction in the association between economic status and PCS, and a borderline evidence (p=0.05) for gender interaction in the association between physical activity and PCS.Conclusions:Social support could be regarded as one of the main social determinants affecting HRQoL among elderly people. Men with poor economic status and poor physical activity, compared to women, are more likely to suffer from poor quality of life, thus men should be prioritized in intervention of financial support and life styles.
Biomass of generative sphere of Scots pine and drooping birch in the pollution gradient from the Karabash copper smelter on the Ural
Authors: Усольцев В.А. , Цепордей И.С. , Ковязин В.Ф. , Уразова А.Ф. , Борников А.В. 
Published: April 2021

Загрязнение лесов сильно влияет на их биологическую продуктивность, но вклад генеративной сферы в нее изучается редко. Наше исследование биомассы генеративных органов деревьев и древостоев сосны обыкновенной и березы повислой проводилось в течение одного вегетационного периода в градиенте загрязнения от Карабашского медеплавильного завода на Южном Урале. Установлено, что максимальная биомасса генеративных органов сосны и березы на уровне как дерева, так и древостоя, приходится на буферную часть градиента загрязнения, в которой древостой, согласно явлению гистерезиса, переходит из одного устойчивого состояния в другое, и на эту же буферную зону приходится максимальная изменчивость биомассы генеративных органов. Полученная закономерность, общая для двух древесных видов, указывает на повышенную адаптивную реакцию массы генеративной сферы деревьев и древостоев на загрязнение в буферной зоне, и можно предположить, что это отражает хорошо известное явление гормезиса в биологии. Высказанное предположение требует углубленного изучения влияния загрязнения на генеративную сферу лесных сообществ.
Forest pollution strongly affects their biological productivity, but the contribution of the generative sphere to it is rarely studied. Our study of the biomass of generative organs of trees and stands of Scots pine and drooping birch was performed during one growing season in the pollution gradient from the Karabash copper smelting plant in the southern Urals. It is stated the maximum biomass of generative organs of pine and birch at the level of both a tree and a stand, falls on the buffer part of the pollution gradient, in which the tree stand, according to the phenomenon of hysteresis, passes from one stable state to another one, and the same buffer zone accounts for the maximum variability of the biomass of generative organs. The resulting pattern, common to the two species, indicates an increased adaptive response of trees and stands to pollution in the buffer zone in terms of the mass of the generative sphere and one can suppose it reflects the well known phenomenon of hormesis in biology. This assumption requires in-depth studies of the impact of pollution on the generative sphere of forest communities.
Kinetics and mechanism of linear crystal growth in As2Se3 glass
Authors: Школьников Е.В. 
Published: April 2021

Ранее исследовано влияние малых добавок олова и свинца на кинетические параметры изотермической объемной кристаллизации стекол на основе As2Se3. Кинетика преимущественно поверхностной кристаллизация стекла As2Se3, используемого в электронной технике и волоконной ИК оптике, изучалась методами дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии и микроскопии. Влияние величины переохлаждения ΔТ на механизм и кинетические параметры кристаллизации стекла As2Se3 изучено недостаточно. Автором статьи выполнен теоретический анализ экспериментальных зависимостей скорости линейного роста кристаллов As2Se3 от температуры и вязкости стекла As2Se3. На основе анализа существующих данных и приводимой работы показано, что в стекле As2Se3 при переохлаждениях ΔT = 30–135 вероятен дислокационный рост кристаллов в форме сферолитов. Для индивидуальных пластинчатых кристаллов As2Se3 с бездислокационными гранями внутри сферолитов при ΔT = 75–135° вероятен механизм роста с поверхностной двумерной нуклеацией, или 2Dsg–model. Скорость линейного роста кристаллов в стекле As2Se3 при 240−345 °C теоретически рассчитывается, если в формулу Тернбала–Коэна ввести вероятностный фактор f (ТΔT) роста на ступенях винтовых дислокаций, а свободную энергию активации роста кристаллов ΔGa'' (T) принять равной кинетическому барьеру при вязком течении стекла ΔGη # (T) в уравнении Эйринга.
The influence of small additions of tin and lead on the kinetic parameters of isothermal bulk crystallization of glasses based on As2Se3. The kinetics of mainly surface crystallization of As2Se3 glass used in electronic engineering and fiber IR optics has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry and microscopy. The influence of the supercooling value ΔT on the mechanism and kinetic parameters of crystallization of As2Se3 glass is not sufficiently studied, The theoretical analysis of the experimental dependences of the linear growth rate of As2Se3 crystals on the temperature and viscosity of the As2Se3 glass has been performed. In the temperature range 240–345 °С (overcooling 135°–30°), a dislocation mechanism has appeared to be probable for the linear growth of spherulites and the surface crystallized layer in the bulk As2Se3 glass. For individual crystals with dislocation-free faces in As2Se3 spherulites, the lamellar (plate-like) growth mechanism with surface two dimensional nucleation (2Dsg model) appeared to be probable. The linear growth rate in glass As2Se3 at 240–345°C can be theoretically calculated, if we introduce the probability factor f (ТΔT) to the Turnball–Cohen formula of the growth on the steps of screw dislocations and assume the free activation energy for the crystal growth ΔGa'' (T) to be equal to the kinetic barrier at the viscous flow of the glass ΔGη # (T) in the Heiring equation.
Spontaneous pneumothorax as a complication of lung injury due to COVID-19
Authors: Mikheev A. V. , Аftаevа E. V. , Kаzаkovа S. S. , Zinovievа Z. V. , Gаvrikovа I. N. 
Published: April 2021

The objective of the study: to study the course and clinical outcomes of spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) in patients with lung injury due to COVID-19.Subjects and methods. Clinical and radiation data of 11 patients (above 18 years old) with SP due to COVID-19 were retrospectively analyzed, they all were treated in the thoracic surgery department. COVID-19 was confirmed in all patients by laboratory tests. According to the chest computed tomography, the patients had signs typical of viral pneumonia and SP.Results. The surgical treatment of SP that included thoracocentesis on the pneumothorax side and closed drainage of the pleural cavity allowed resolving the pneumothorax and inflating the lung fully in 10/11 patients within 4 days on average (max = 7 days) from the moment when the surgery was done. The lethal outcome was in 1/11 (9.1%) patient which occurred 1 day after the diagnosis and successful drainage of the bilateral SP, the patient had symptoms of acute cardiovascular failure.
On the formation of the center of tuberculosis infection in general medical units
Authors: Repinа O. V. , Golubkovа A. A. , Podgаevа V. A. 
Published: April 2021

The objective of the study: to analyze the frequency of admission of tuberculosis patients to general medical units, to describe medical and social parameters of patients – sources of tuberculous mycobacteria which form a nosocomial center of tuberculosis infection.Subjects and methods. The following sources of information were used: Reporting Form no. 8 on Active Cases of Tuberculosis, data from the Annual Reporting Form on Analysis of Infectious Diseases Carrying drawn up by City Center for Medical Prevention in Yekaterinburg, Register of Infectious Diseases (Form no. 060/y), and 74 documents of Medical File of the Patient Receiving In-Patient Treatment (Form no. 003/y) for tuberculosis patients admitted to a therapy department of the city hospital.Results. Despite the decreasing tuberculosis incidence among Yekaterinburg residents, there was no significant decrease in the frequency of hospital admissions of patients with this disease to general medical units. Of all tuberculosis patients admitted to general medical units, 40.0 ± 2.7% were admitted to therapy departments. Duration of stay in a therapy department of tuberculosis patients excreting tuberculous mycobacteria made more than 7 days for 70% of such cases before they were discharged. The destruction phase was diagnosed in 56.8 ± 5.8%, 13.5 ± 4.0% had massive bacterial excretion documented by sputum microscopy. The frequency of TB/HIV co-infection made 43.2 ± 5.8%.Conclusion. In a therapy department, there is a high risk of getting infected with tuberculosis infection among patients and personnel who are exposed to a tuberculosis case.
Synergistic effect of citric acid and carbon dots modified g-C3N4 for enhancing photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI)
Authors: Liu Jiamin , Li Jianjun , Liang Juan , Jing Chengjun , Guo Jiaxiu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Carbon dot (CD)-modified graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) photocatalysts were synthesized through a one-step homogeneous thermal pyrolysis. The synergetic effect of citric acid (Cit) and g-C3N4/CDs for high-performance visible light Cr(VI) photocatalytic reduction had been investigated. Cit was not only acted as a hole scavenger, but might also form surface charge transfer complexes (CTC) with g-C3N4 which delivered electrons on the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) of Cit to the conduction band (CB) of g-C3N4. CDs decorated on g-C3N4 could provide channels for the preferential transfer of electrons on CTC to the CB of g-C3N4 as well as improved separation of the charge carriers. Owing to these synergistic effects, g-C3N4/CDs displayed much higher photocatalytic performance for the reduction of Cr(VI), which was 1.89 times higher than g-C3N4. Moreover, the synergetic photocatalytic reduction mechanisms of aqueous Cr(VI) were proposed to elucidate the active species formation and photogenerated electron transfer. The results suggested that the in situ generated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dominated the reduction of Cr(VI). The addition of Cit could trigger the in situ generation of H2O2 and the decorated CDs further enhanced the reaction. This work demonstrated the role of widely existed Cit on the photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) in natural aquatic environment.
Epidemiology of neuroblastoma in children in the Republic of Belarus
Authors: Proleskovskaya I. V. , Bydanov O. I. , Konoplya N. E. 
Published: April 2021

Introduction. Neuroblastoma (NB) in children is a rare disease, accounting for 7 % of all cases of oncological diseases in childhood. In this regard, epidemiological analysis requires the accumulation of data over a long period of time. The purpose of the study is to study the morbidity, mortality and survival rate of children 0–14 years old with NB in the Republic of Belarus (RB).Materials and methods. Based on the data from the children’s cancer subregister, morbidity, mortality and survival rates in child population were calculated from 1997 to 2017. A comparative epidemiological analysis was carried out in 2 time periods (1997–2007, 2008–2017).Results and discussion. The incidence rate of NB in the RB, standardized for age, was 1.142 ± 0.062 per 100 000 child population with an average annual growth rate of 3.2 % per year. The mortality rate for this period was 0.32 ± 0.03 per 100 000 child population, an increase of 0.51 % per year. The main cause of death in patients with NB is the recurrence of the underlying disease. In 2008, a single protocol was used to treat all risk groups, which led to a significant increase in the observed population survival rate from 56 % (1997–2007) to 72 % (2008–2017) (p = 0.0041). Comparing the age structure of morbidity in Germany and the RB, it is noted that we have a reliably later diagnosis of the disease in the age categories from 0 to 1 year, from 1 to 4 years, from 5 to 9 years. The median age of the patient at the time of diagnosis in Germany is 1 year and 2 months, in our country 1 year and 6 months.Conclusion. Indicators of standardized morbidity and mortality from NB in the RB correspond to the indicators of cancer registries in Western Europe and the USA. However, analyzing the age of the specific incidence of the disease, insufficient diagnosis of the disease is noted in the periods from 0 to 1 year, from 1 to 4 years and from 5 to 9 years compared to the data in Germany. This requires further improvement of the pediatric oncology service in the country.
Heart Failure and Diabetes: Perspective of a Dangerous Association
Authors: Favaloro Liliana E. , Ratto Roxana D. , Musso Carla 
Published: April 2021

:
The relationship between diabetes and risk of heart failure has been described in previous
trials, releasing the importance of the hyperglycemic state that, added to other risk factors, favors
the development of coronary heart disease. The mechanism by which, in the absence of hypertension,
obesity and/or dyslipidemia, diabetic patients develop cardiomyopathy has been less
studied.

:
Recently, the Sodium Glucose Co-transporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) used for the
treatment of heart failure patients with or without diabetes has been a breakthrough in the field of
medicine.

:
This review describes the established pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy and SGLT2 inhibitors,
their mechanisms of action, and benefits in this group of patients.
MICROSOFT FORMS CLOUD APPLICATION IN COLLECTION AND ANALYTICS OF STUDENT ATTENDANCE REPORTS
Authors: Voloshynovych М. S. , Girnyk G. Y. , Matkovska N. R. , Solomchak D. B. , Tkach V. Ye. 
Published: April 2021

Вступ. В роботі працівника деканату факультету підготовки іноземних громадян багато важких моментів. Більшість з них пов’язані з транс культурними конфліктами, різниці в системі цінностей учасників педагогічного процесу, несумісності релігій та психологій, що нашаровується на значний об’єм внутрішнього і зовнішнього документообігу та щомісячної аналітики.
Результати дослідження та їх обговорення. Одне з таких завдань - контроль відвідування студентами навчальних занять. Проблема полягає в необхідності помісячно обробляти значний об’єм розрізненої за способом доставки, слабко уніфікованої інформації. В такій ситуації в нагоді може стати доступний за підпискою Office365 інструмент Microsoft Forms, який передбачає створення опитувань та тестувань. В попередньо створеній формі, ми використаємо можливість отримання файлів. Це перетворить інструмент опитування в систему збору звітів з можливістю автоматизованого маркування документів, розміщення їх в захищеному сховищі, попередньої перевірки на відповідність умові формату та розміру, спільної обробки групами допущених осіб, та зведенням опитаної інформації до формату таблиці Microsoft Excel, де можливо, з легкістю, застосовувати сортування за необхідним критерієм, для контролю факту виконання завдання окремими респондентами.
Для уніфікації звітньої інформації та забезпечення її придатності до автоматизованої обробки рекомендуємо звіти приймати у форматі захищеної таблиці Excel залишаючи доступними для зміни лише необхідні комірки. Для забезпечення спільного перегляду результатів членами контролюючої команди необхідно роздати права доступу на перегляд форми та можливість перегляду папки, де акумулюються файли звітів.
Висновки. За період впровадження отримано 390 звітів від 50 кафедр на яких викладається 106 предметів. Завдяки двох сторонньому контролю підвищилась ефективність та вчасність подачі документів. Скоротився час затрачений на зведення інформації представниками деканату. Зросла достовірність кінцевих даних, завдяки зменшенню числа механічних помилок, а відповідно ефективність контролю успішності студентів факультету.