bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential outcomes of work integration social enterprises for people who are homeless, at risk of homelessness, or transitioning out of homelessness
Authors: Barton Sarah , Porter Hayley , Murphy Susanne , Lysaght Rosemary 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
Social enterprise has the potential to serve as a mechanism of social and economic opportunity for persons experiencing homelessness. This paper aims to identify potential outcomes of work integration social enterprises (WISEs) for people who are homeless, at risk of homelessness, or transitioning out of homelessness.

Design/methodology/approach
Searches of 14 databases were completed using keywords and subject headings pertaining to homelessness, social enterprise and employment, respectively. These searches were then combined to identify literature concerning WISEs with homeless populations. The initial search yielded 784 unique articles. Through screening, 29 articles were selected and independently coded to establish themes.

Findings
The analysis identified the potential for WISEs to contribute positively to the lives of the target population in the areas of connection to the community, employment skill building, mental health, personal agency and empowerment, relationship-building, structure and time use, financial stability and housing. There were less positive and mixed findings regarding substance use, crime/delinquency, physical health and transition to mainstream employment. Future research should further explore causal relationships between WISE approaches and strategies and their potential implications for persons emerging from homelessness.

Originality/value
Prior to this research, there have not been any recent publications that synthesize the existing body of literature to evaluate the potential outcomes of WISE participation for homeless populations. This paper lays the groundwork for future empirical studies.
Diagnosis and treatment of splenic artery steal syndrome after liver transplantation
Authors: Avanaz Ali , Avanaz Ezgi , Kisaoglu Abdullah , Yilmaz Vural Taner , Demiryilmaz Ismail , Aydinli Bulent 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionSplenic artery steal syndrome is a phenomenon which cause graft ischaemia and dysfunction after liver transplantation.Case PresentationA 31 year old women underwent living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) with a diagnosis of cryptogenic liver cirrhosis. In postoperative follow‐up liver enzymes were elevated. Dynamic computed tomography and digital subtraction angiography revealed splenic artery steal syndrome. Splenic artery ligation was performed for treatment.DiscussionThe diagnosis of splenic artery steal syndrome is made by the presence of slowed hepatic artery flow compared to the splenic artery without hepatic artery thrombosis or stenosis on digital subtraction angiography.ConclusionAlthough interventional radiological procedures are the first‐line treatment method, surgical treatment methods (splenectomy, splenic artery ligation) are successful in increasing hepatic artery flow.
Differential diagnosis of lung cancer and benign lung lesion using salivary metabolites: A preliminary study
Authors: Takamori Satoshi , Ishikawa Shigeo , Suzuki Jun , Oizumi Hiroyuki , Uchida Tetsuro , Ueda Shohei , Edamatsu Kaoru , Iino Mitsuyoshi , Sugimoto Masahiro 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundSaliva is often used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of some oral and systematic diseases, owing to the non‐invasive attribute of the fluid. In this study, we aimed to identify salivary biomarkers for distinguishing lung cancer (LC) from benign lung lesion (BLL).Materials and MethodsUnstimulated saliva samples were collected from 41 patients with LC and 21 with BLL. Salivary metabolites were comprehensively analyzed using capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry. To differentiate between patients with LCs and BLLs, the discriminatory ability of each biomarker was assessed. Furthermore, a multiple logistic regression (MLR) model was developed for evaluating discriminatory ability of each salivary metabolite.ResultsThe profiles of 10 salivary metabolites were remarkably different between the LC and BLL samples. Among them, the concentration of salivary tryptophan was significantly lower in the samples from patients with LC than in those from patients with BLL, and the area under the curve (AUC) for discriminating patients with LC from those with BLL was 0.663 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.516–0.810, p = 0.036). Furthermore, from the MLR model developed using these metabolites, diethanolamine, cytosine, lysine, and tyrosine, were selected using the back‐selection regression method. The MLR model based on these four metabolites had a high discriminatory ability for patients with LC and those with BLL (AUC = 0.729, 95% CI = 0.598–0.861, p = 0.003).ConclusionThe four salivary metabolites can serve as potential non‐invasive biomarkers for distinguishing LC from BLL.
Major haemorrhage from oral arteriovenous malformation during pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Scott CLM , Holden ACL 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis case report describes the presentation of a pregnant woman at 39 weeks gestation to The Royal Prince Alfred Hospital emergency department (Sydney, NSW) with major haemorrhage from an oral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and foetal distress. The lesion had grown rapidly during her pregnancy and she had presented to multiple hospitals and dental practitioners who had failed to diagnose her condition and recognize the potential for major complications for the patient and her baby. Bleeding was controlled with manual pressure while she underwent an emergency Caesarean section followed by emergency angiography and partial embolization of the lesion. The bleeding did not recur, and the lesion continued to regress post‐partum. This paper illustrates the diagnostic dilemma of recognizing an AVM and also the potentially disastrous consequences that could occur if a dentist was to embark on extractions or other surgical treatment in the vicinity of such a lesion without realizing its significance.
Medical students’ perception of an online dental trauma course in medical education
Authors: Yeng Thai , O’Sullivan Anthony J. , Shulruf Boaz 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundWith dental trauma education not commonly offered in medicine programmes, offering an online learning course may fill the knowledge deficiency for medical students. The aim of this study is to evaluate medical students’ perceptions of an online dental trauma course.Material and MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional questionnaire study conducted among medical students at an Australian University. Exploratory factor analysis was used to identify the underlying factor structure within the items. Cronbach’s alpha was employed to estimate the factors’ reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to assess construct validity; SPSS v22 and AMOIS v22 were used for data analyses.ResultsExploratory factor analysis identified two distinct factors: 'visual' and 'content', with excellent reliability for visual (Cronbach's alpha = 0.911) and good reliability for content (Cronbach's alpha = 0.755).ConclusionsThis research supports the findings that medical students perceived the online dental trauma course to be easily understood for self‐learning this topic.
Plant secondary cell wall proteome analysis with an inducible system for xylem vessel cell differentiation
Authors: Arae Toshihiro , Nakakoji Mai , Noguchi Masahiro , Kamon Eri , Sano Ryosuke , Demura Taku , Ohtani Misato 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPlant cell walls are typically composed of polysaccharide polymers and cell wall proteins (CWPs). CWPs account for approximately 10% of the plant cell wall structure and perform a wide range of functions. Previous studies have identified approximately 1000 CWPs in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana; however, the analyses mainly targeted primary cell walls, which are generated at cell division. In contrast, little is known about CWPs in secondary cell walls (SCWs), which are rigid and contain the phenolic polymer lignin. Here, we performed a cell wall proteome analysis to obtain novel insights into CWPs in SCWs. To this end, we tested multiple methods for cell wall extraction with cultured Arabidopsis cells carrying the VND7‐VP16‐GR system, with which cells can be transdifferentiated into xylem‐vessel‐like cells with lignified SCWs by dexamethasone treatment. We then subjected the protein samples to in‐gel trypsin digestion followed by LC‐MS/MS analysis. The different extraction methods resulted in the detection of different cell wall fraction proteins (CWFPs). In particular, centrifugation conditions had a strong impact on the extracted CWFP species, resulting in the increased number of identified CWFPs. We successfully identified 896 proteins as CWFPs in total, including proteases, expansins, purple phosphatase, well‐known lignin‐related enzymes (laccase and peroxidase), and 683 of 896 proteins were newly identified CWFPs. These results demonstrate the usefulness of our CWP analysis method. Further analyses of SCW‐related CWPs could be expected to produce information useful for understanding the roles of CWPs in plant cell functions.
Association of major blood lipids with post‐stroke dementia: A community‐based cohort study
Authors: Yang Zhirong , Edwards Duncan , Burgess Stephen , Brayne Carol , Mant Jonathan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeThe roles of blood low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) and triglycerides in the development of post‐stroke dementia remain uncertain. This study was to investigate their potential associations.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Patients with first‐ever stroke but no prior dementia were followed up for 10 years. Cox regression was used to examine the association of baseline LDL‐C, HDL‐C and triglycerides with post‐stroke dementia.ResultsAmongst 63,959 stroke patients, 15,879 had complete baseline data and were included in our main analysis. 10.8% developed dementia during a median of 4.6 years of follow‐up. The adjusted hazard ratio of dementia for LDL‐C (per log mmol/l increase) was 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14–1.47), with a linear increasing trend (p trend <0.001). The counterpart for triglycerides was 0.79 (95% CI 0.69–0.89), with a linear decreasing trend (p trend <0.001). For HDL‐C, there was no association with dementia (adjusted hazard ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.74–1.08) or a linear trend (p trend = 0.22).ConclusionsBlood lipids may affect the risk of post‐stroke dementia in different ways, with higher risk associated with LDL‐C, lower risk associated with triglycerides, and no association with HDL‐C.
Can the Conference on the Future of Europe unlock the EU elections reform? Reflections on transnational lists and the lead‐candidate system
Authors: Costa Olivier 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDespite the constant ‘parliamentarisation’ of the European Union, the supranational dimension of European elections remains limited. Forty years after its first elections, the European Parliament (EP) still suffers from two main problems: (i) its democratic representativeness is impaired by the diversity of national electoral rules and by the predominantly national dimension of electoral campaigns; and (ii) the impact of European elections on the appointment of the Commission remains uncertain, as the so‐called lead‐candidates (Spitzenkandidaten) procedure is only informal. Today, members of the EP (MEPs) are promoting a double strategy to fix these issues. They have decided to relaunch the reform process of the 1976 Act, notably regarding the creation of transnational lists and the formalisation of the lead‐candidate procedure, and they encourage the Conference on the Future of Europe to consider these issues.
Insights from the rescue and breeding management of Cuvier’s gazelle (Gazella cuvieri) through whole‐genome sequencing
Authors: Alvarez‐Estape Marina , Fontsere Claudia , Serres‐Armero Aitor , Kuderna Lukas F. K. , Dobrynin Pavel , Guidara Héla , Pukazhenthi Budhan S. , Koepfli Klaus‐Peter , Marques‐Bonet Tomas , Moreno Eulalia , Lizano Esther 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCaptive breeding programmes represent the most intensive type of ex situ population management for threatened species. One example is the Cuvier’s gazelle programme that started in 1975 with only four founding individuals, and after more than four decades of management in captivity, a reintroduction effort was undertaken in Tunisia in 2016, to establish a population in an area historically included within its range. Here, we aim to determine the genetic consequences of this reintroduction event by assessing the genetic diversity of the founder stock as well as of their descendants. We present the first whole‐genome sequencing dataset of 30 Cuvier’s gazelles including captive‐bred animals, animals born in Tunisia after a reintroduction and individuals from a genetically unrelated Moroccan population. Our analyses revealed no difference between the founder and the offspring cohorts in genome‐wide heterozygosity and inbreeding levels, and in the amount and length of runs of homozygosity. The captive but unmanaged Moroccan gazelles have the lowest genetic diversity of all genomes analysed. Our findings demonstrate that the Cuvier’s gazelle captive breeding programme can serve as source populations for future reintroductions of this species. We believe that this study can serve as a starting point for global applications of genomics to the conservation plan of this species.
Remaking the obsolete: Critical geographies of contemporary adaptive reuse
Authors: Lynch Nicholas 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAdaptive reuse, the repurposing of buildings for new uses, is an age‐old practice designed to reimagine, remake and revitalize local economies, cities and communities. In more recent decades, reuse has become part of a systematic process of contemporary city building and a globalized practice of placemaking. As such adaptive reuse is much more that a technical or practical application but is rather a complex process that engages with and transforms the social, cultural and spatial dynamics of cities and their communities around the world. This article focuses on the contemporary geographies of adaptive reuse and highlights three key themes: reuse in the post‐industrial city, reuse on the ‘edges’ and ‘peripheries’ of the global built environment, and reuse as part of the global sustainability discourse. Overall, this review highlights the rich and growing research across urban, cultural and environmental geography and exposes a number of ways in which this process operates as a powerful tool in shaping local and regional contexts.
Study of clay's mineralogy effect on mechanical properties of ceramic body using an experimental design
Authors: Jmal Ayadi Afef , Baklouti Samir , Kammoun Amel , Soro Julien 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThree clays minerals namely illite (I), montmorillonite (M), and kaolin (K) were chosen as references to study the effect of mixture composition of clays on the mechanical properties and the shrinkage of the fired ceramic. The study was accomplished using the experimental design methodology. More specifically, a mixture design was carried out in order to establish relationships between mechanical strength and shrinkage of finished products and the proportions of the three clay mineral references in the mixture. The statistical study shows that the fitted models were adequate to describe these properties of fired ceramic bodies. The results demonstrate that the mechanical resistance was mainly governed by the amount of montmorillonite mineral. In fact, the mixture design performed in this study shows clearly that montmorillonite can be incorporated in industrial ceramic products up to 45 wt% with high mechanical resistance. On the other hand, the shrinkage decreases strongly with the amount of kaolin in the mixture and increases with the amount of illite while montmorillonite exhibits moderate effect on this property. The higher strength was shown in mixture in which mullite and anorthite appear together due to the presence of kaolinite and illite and give, as a consequence, a synergic power.
Effects of non‐thermal plasma treating wheat kernel on the physicochemical properties of wheat flour and the quality of fresh wet noodles
Authors: Li Xuejie , Wen Yaqing , Zhang Jian , Ma Dongyun , Zhang Jie , An Yanxia , Song Xiaoyan , Ren Xiujuan , Zhang Weifeng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe effects of non‐thermal plasma (NTP) on the physicochemical properties of wheat flour and the quality of fresh wet noodles (FWN) were investigated. The results showed that NTP effectively decreased the total plate count (TPC), yeast and mould count (YMC) and Bacillus spp. in wheat flour. Wet gluten contents and the stability time reached the maximum when treated for 20 s. The viscosity of starch increased significantly after treatment due to the increased of damaged starch. The contents of secondary structure were altered to some extent, which was because that the ordered network structure of gluten protein broken. Furthermore, compared with the control, texture properties of FWN were enhanced significantly at 20 s, and the darkening rate of FWN was greatly inhibited due to the low polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity. Consequently, the most suitable treatment was 500 W for 20 s, providing a basis for the application of NTP in flour products.
Effects of pectic fat mimetics and transglutaminase on the regularity of protein and fat degradation and flavour compounds in Cheddar cheese during ripening
Authors: Li Jun , Cui Huaitian , Xu Xinyue , Li Jiayi , Lu Miaomiao , Yu Yue , Song Hong , Zhu Danshi , Liu He 
Published: December 2021

SummaryThe effect of simultaneous transglutaminase (TGase) treatment with pectic fat mimetics (PFM) addition on regularity of protein and fat degradation and flavour compound variations in Cheddar cheese during ripening was investigated. In the early stages of fermentation, the cheese with 20% PFM and 15 U/L TGase had a higher amino acid content. In the middle stage of fermentation, cheese with high concentration of TGase hydrolysed more proteins. Cheese supplemented with PFM and TGase showed increased content of long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic acid (C18:2). In addition, PFM and TGase compensated the flavour deficiencies of low‐fat cheeses and had positive effects on volatile compounds such as alcohols, acids and methyl ketones. Overall, the characteristics and flavours of Cheddar cheese with the addition of PFM and TGase were superior to the control group, which could provide a theoretical basis for the application of PFM and TGase in cheese production.
Service channel choice for supply chain under online marketplace
Authors: Shen Jiannan , Qian Jia , Shao Xiaofeng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe consider a supply chain where a manufacturer directly sells products to end consumers through an online marketplace operated by an e‐tailer, where the e‐tailer is a leader and the manufacturer is a follower. Logistics service is a key influence factor to online marketplace. We present four service channels: (1) E‐channel, the e‐tailer offers the service; (2) E3P‐channel, the e‐tailer outsources the service to a 3PL; (3) M‐channel, the manufacture offers the service; and (4) M3P‐channel, the manufacture outsources the service to a 3PL. This study investigates the optimal decisions and profits for e‐tailer and manufacturer among different service channels, respectively, equilibrium choice of service channel and examines the consistency on choosing the service channel between them. We find that whether the market demand is a log‐separable function form or a linear function form, when the fraction of supply chain revenue sharing is large, E‐channel is the equilibrium choice, otherwise M‐channel is the equilibrium one. Further, we use the sharing fraction threshold gap between e‐tailer and manufacturer to describe the extent of the consistency on choosing the service channel. We find increasing demand sensitivity to service level or decreasing cost sensitivity to service level would enhance the consistency. Moreover, we extend to analysis with linear demand function and different service costs for firms. Finally, the e‐tailer or the manufacturer switches to outsource service to a 3PL when the service cost of the 3PL is not large. Specifically, the 3PL also benefits from the consistent service channel choice under certain condition.
Mental disorders in preadolescent children at familial high‐risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder – a four‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Gregersen Maja , Søndergaard Anne , Brandt Julie Marie , Ellersgaard Ditte , Rohd Sinnika Birkehøj , Hjorthøj Carsten , Ohland Jessica , Krantz Mette Falkenberg , Wilms Martin , Andreassen Anna Krogh , Knudsen Christina Bruun , Veddum Lotte , Greve Aja , Bliksted Vibeke , Mors Ole , Clemmensen Lars , Møllegaard Jepsen Jens Richardt , Nordentoft Merete , Hemager Nicoline , Thorup Anne Amalie Elgaard 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundChildren at familial high‐risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have an elevated prevalence of mental disorders but studies of children within a narrow age range are lacking and there are few conjoint studies of these two groups. Knowledge on their mental health is important for prevention and early intervention.MethodsThe authors examined mental disorders and global functioning in children at familial high‐risk of schizophrenia (FHR‐SZ) and bipolar disorder (FHR‐BP) compared with population‐based controls. In a longitudinal cohort study, 450 children (FHR‐SZ, n = 171; FHR‐BP, n = 104; controls, n = 175), were assessed for Axis I disorders at baseline and four‐year follow‐up (mean age 11.9, SD 0.2) with the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School‐Age Children and for global functioning with Children’s Global Assessment Scale.ResultsCumulative incidence of Any Axis I disorder was elevated by age 11 in children at FHR‐SZ (54.4%, OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.9–4.7, p < .001) and children at FHR‐BP (52.9%, OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.7–4.7, p < .001) compared with controls (28.6%). Children at FHR‐SZ and FHR‐BP had higher rates of affective disorders (OR 4.4, 95% CI 1.4–13.5, p = .009; OR 5.1, 95% CI 1.6–16.4, p = .007), anxiety disorders (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–4.0, p = .02; OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.5–6.1, p = .002), and stress and adjustment disorders (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.4–7.5, p = .006; OR 5.3, 95% CI 2.2–12.4, p < .001). Disruptive behavior disorders (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.0–7.3, p = .04) and ADHD (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.6–5.3, p < .001) were elevated in children at FHR‐SZ. Both FHR groups had lower global functioning than controls. Cumulative incidence of disorders increased equally across the three groups from early childhood to preadolescence and level of functioning did not change differentially.ConclusionsChildren at FHR‐SZ and FHR‐BP have an elevated prevalence of mental disorders and poorer functioning than controls. Vulnerability in children at FHR manifests early and remains stable throughout childhood. Early attention toward their mental health and identification of those in need of intervention is warranted.