bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Instruments for assessing the preferences for everyday living of older people with various care needs: protocol for an evidence map
Authors: Rommerskirch-Manietta Mike , Purwins Daniel , Van Haitsma Kimberly , Abbott Katherine , Roes Martina 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionConsideration of the preferences for everyday living of older people with various care needs is a prerequisite for person-centred and evidence-based nursing care. Knowledge of and respect for these preferences by nursing staff are associated with better care outcomes for older people with various care needs. To assess preferences in a structured way, instruments focusing on different topics of everyday living appear to be useful. It is unclear which instruments exist for assessing preferences for everyday living. The aim of this planned review is to identify relevant instruments for assessing the preferences for everyday living of older people with various care needs in the form of an evidence map. Additionally, gaps requiring further research will be presented.Methods and analysisTo identify the different instruments, we will conduct a systematic search in the electronic databases MEDLINE (via PubMed), CINAHL and PsycINFO (via EBSCO). In addition, we will perform backward and forward citation tracking via reference lists and Google Scholar. The identified records will be independently screened (title/abstract and full text) by two reviewers. Data from the included studies will be extracted independently by the same two reviewers. In all three steps, the results will be checked for deviations, and if there are any deviations, they will be discussed. If no consensus can be achieved through discussion, a third reviewer will be engaged. All study designs will be included, and there will be no limitations regarding the publication status or time period. We will include all studies published in English and German that use instruments focusing on the assessment of preferences for everyday living in people older than 60 years of age with various care needs. For data charting, we will extract the number, categories and types of preferences, the care setting for which the instrument was developed and, if available, psychometric properties. Finally, the various extracted results will be presented in the form of tables and a bubble plot.Ethics and disseminationThere are no ethical concerns related to the construction of an evidence map, and ethical approval was given by the Witten/Herdecke University (application number 226/2020). We will discuss our results with practitioners in the field of nursing care and persons with various care needs. We will also make our results available to practitioners in an upcoming Project (PELI-D II) and to the public at (inter)national conferences and in the form of practice and peer-reviewed articles.
Early outcomes of a rural-oriented physician education programme against rural physician shortages in Guangxi province: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Shen Ying , Huang Xing , Li Hong , Chen Enran , Kong Yan , Yu Jia , Liu Xiaoyun , Mobarak Siam AI , Zuo Yanli 
Published: September 2021

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate early outcomes of one of the first medical undergraduate education programmes with a goal of mitigating severe rural physician shortages in China, which was developed by Guangxi Medical University (GXMU) and was called the Rural-oriented Free Tuition Medical Education (RTME)-GXMU programme.DesignA prospective cohort study comprising a baseline investigation and follow-up research was conducted to dynamically observe the evolution of the RTME-GXMU programme that began since 2010.Participants380 RTME-GXMU graduates and 383 non-RTME-GXMU graduates from GXMU who completed trainings between 2015 and 2018 were recruited in the baseline investigation. Among them, 285 RTME-GXMU and 283 non-RTME-GXMU graduates responded to the follow-up research.Main outcome measuresGraduate practice location, registered specialty, passing rate of the National Medical Licensing Examination (NMLE), specialty of residency programme and contract compliance for the RTME-GXMU graduates.ResultsBy the end of 2018, 100% of the 2015 RTME-GXMU graduates enrolled in this study practised in rural township health centres and registered themselves as general practitioners (GPs). All the RTME-GXMU graduates had completed or were attending residency programmes of general practice (GP). The above data stood in stark contrast to that of the non-RTME-GXMU graduates among whom as few as 1.06% worked in rural areas, 2.13% registered as GPs and less than 3% chose GP residency programmes. No significant differences were detected on passing rates of the NMLE between the two groups. Only one RTME-GXMU graduate broke the contract and dropped off the programme.ConclusionsThe RTME-GXMU programme has achieved encouraging early outcomes. Reduced entry score and proper usage of urban primary care institutions are two key approaches contributing to these positive early results.
Maternal experience of intermittent kangaroo mother care for late preterm infants: a mixed-methods study in four postnatal wards in China
Authors: Zhang Bo , Yue Jieya , Duan Zhiying , Zhao Yingxi , Williams Sarah , Huang Limin , Zhang Xiaoqin , Wu Wenli , Zhang Lin , Liu Jun , Zhao Gengli 
Published: September 2021

ObjectiveTo describe how mothers of late preterm infants experienced the provision of intermittent kangaroo mother care (KMC) in four postnatal wards in different hospitals in China, under a pilot KMC project.DesignA concurrent mixed-methods approach incorporating quantitative maternal questionnaires and qualitative semistructured interviews.SettingFour postnatal wards in level-III hospitals based in different provinces of Southeast and Northwest China.ParticipantsAll 752 mothers who provided intermittent KMC to their late preterm newborns in the four participating postnatal wards consented to participate in the study (quantitative component), as well as six nurses, two obstetricians and two mothers from two of the participating postnatal wards (qualitative component).Outcome measuresMaternal KMC experiences during a hospital stay, patients’ perceptions of KMC initiation, processes, benefits and challenges.ResultsMost mothers had not heard of KMC before being introduced to it in the postnatal ward. On average, mothers and newborns stayed in postnatal wards for 3.6 days; during their stay, mothers provided an average of 3.5 KMC sessions, which is an average of 1.1 sessions a day. Each KMC session lasted an average of 68 min, though there was much variation in the length of a session. Common reasons given for discontinuing a KMC session included restroom use, infant crying and perceived time limitations. Some mothers would have preferred to provide KMC for longer periods of time and nurses encouraged this. Most mothers experienced no difficulty providing KMC, received support from family and medical staff and intended to continue with KMC postdischarge.ConclusionIn order to improve the maternal experience of KMC, it is recommended that raising awareness of KMC should be included in antenatal care and after birth. Longer periods of KMC provision should be encouraged, greater privacy should be provided for mothers providing KMC in postnatal wards and family members should be encouraged to support KMC.
Primary healthcare system readiness to prevent and manage non-communicable diseases in Bangladesh: a mixed-method study protocol
Authors: Kabir Ashraful , Karim Md Nazmul , Billah Baki 
Published: September 2021

IntroductionThe burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is rapidly increasing in Bangladesh. Currently, it contributes to 67% of annual deaths, and accounts for approximately 64% of the disease burden. Since 70% of the Bangladeshi population residing in the rural area rely on the primary healthcare system, assessment of its capacity is crucial for guiding public health decisions to prevent and manage NCDs. This protocol is designed to recognise and assess the Bangladeshi health system’s readiness for NCDs at the primary level.Methods and analysisThe study will use a mixed-method design. Numerical data will be collected using households and health facilities surveys, while qualitative data will be collected by interviewing healthcare providers, policy planners, health administrators and community members. The WHO’s Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) methodology and Package of Essential Non-communicable (PEN) Disease Interventions for Primary Healthcare reference manuals will be used to assess the readiness of the primary healthcare facilities for NCD services. Furthermore, Health System Dynamics Framework will be used to examine health system factors. Using the supportive items outlined in the WHO PEN package, and indicators proposed in WHO SARA methodology, a composite score will be created to analyse facility-level data. Two independent samples t-test, analysis of variance and χ2test methods will be used for bivariate analysis, and multiple regression analysis will be used for multivariable analysis. Complementarily, the thematic analysis approach will be used to analyse qualitative data.Ethics and disseminationThe project has been approved by the Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee (Project ID: 27112), and Bangladesh Medical Research Council (Ref: BMRC/NREC/2019-2022/270). The research findings will be shared through research articles, conference proceedings or in other scientific media. The reports or publications will not have any information that can be used to identify any of the study participants.
Could a D-dimer/fibrinogen ratio have a role in ruling-out venous thromboembolism?
Authors: Marcianò Teodoro , Franchini Stefano 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundDiagnosis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) requires chest CT angiography for pulmonary embolism and venous ultrasound for deep vein thrombosis. To reduce imaging, guidelines recommend D-dimer levels to rule-out VTE in patients with a low pre-test probability. The most widely used D-dimer cut-off is 500 ng/mL. This cut-off has low specificity, meaning many patients without disease require imaging.MethodsIn this retrospective chart review, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of the D-dimer/fibrinogen ratio (DFR) for identifying thromboembolism and compared it to the performance of two different D-dimer cut-offs (500 ng/mL and 1000 ng/mL) in patients who underwent a chest CT angiography or a venous ultrasound in the ED of San Raffaele Hospital, Italy, in 2017. Patients had a retrospective Wells score calculated after chart review, identifying both high-risk and low-risk pre-test probability patients for this study and low probability patients were further stratified into low-risk of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism.ResultsEnrolled patients included 92 with suspected pulmonary embolism and 154 with suspected deep vein thrombosis; of whom 67 (27%) were diagnosed with VTE. The most accurate cut-off for DFR in terms of discriminative power was 2.65. In the whole sample and in low-risk patients, this cut-off had the same sensitivity values of the 500 ng/mL D-dimer cut-off (97% (95% CI: 89.8% to 99.2%)), while slightly lower sensitivity values were found for the 1000 ng/mL D-dimer cut-off (95.5% (95% CI: 87.6% to 98.5%)). Specificity was higher for the 2.65 DFR cut-off (55.3% (95% CI: 48.0% to 62.4%)) in the whole sample compared with both 500 ng/mL D-dimer cut-off (22.9% (95% CI: 17.4% to 29.6%)) and 1000 ng/mL D-dimer cut-off (45.8% (95% CI: 38.7% to 53.1%)). Similar results were found in all subgroups.ConclusionA DFR, with a cut-off of 2.65, may improve the specificity for VTE patients when compared with D-dimer alone in high-risk VTE emergency medicine populations. This is exploratory information only, needing evaluation in prospective, multicentre studies, prior to consideration for use in routine clinical work.
Comparative clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of micronodular thymoma and micronodular thymic carcinoma with lymphoid stroma
Authors: Liu Ping Ping , Su Yun Chao , Niu Yun , Shi Yan Fen , Luo Jie , Zhong Ding Rong 
Published: September 2021

AimTo elucidate the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of micronodular thymomas (MNTs) and micronodular thymic carcinomas (MNCs) with lymphoid stroma.MethodsWe examined four cases of MNTs and three cases of MNCs pathologically and immunohistochemically.ResultsThere were prominent cystic changes infive of the seven cases. The neoplasms contained epithelial tumour cells arranged in a micronodular growth pattern lined by cystic walls and separated by abundant lymphoid stroma. Only the tumour cell component of MNCs showed signs of malignancy characterised by cytological atypia and increased mitotic activity. Neoplastic MNC epithelial cells showed strong positivity for CD5 and CD117. However, no immature lymphocytes (TdT-positive and CD99-positive) were present in and around the tumour nodules. None of the patients died or suffered from disease due to MNTs or MNCs.ConclusionMNTs and MNCs are rare and less aggressive forms of thymic tumours and can be differentially diagnosed by immunohistochemistry.
Biallelic variants of ATP13A3 cause dose-dependent childhood-onset pulmonary arterial hypertension characterised by extreme morbidity and mortality
Authors: Machado Rajiv D , Welch Carrie L , Haimel Matthias , Bleda Marta , Colglazier Elizabeth , Coulson John D , Debeljak Marusa , Ekstein Josef , Fineman Jeffrey R , Golden William Christopher , Griffin Emily L , Hadinnapola Charaka , Harris Michael A , Hirsch Yoel , Hoover-Fong Julie Elizabeth , Nogee Lawrence , Romer Lewis H , Vesel Samo ,   NIHR Bioresource – Rare Diseases, Gräf Stefan , Morrell Nicholas W , Southgate Laura , Chung Wendy K 
Published: September 2021

BackgroundThe molecular genetic basis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is heterogeneous, with at least 26 genes displaying putative evidence for disease causality. Heterozygous variants in the ATP13A3 gene were recently identified as a new cause of adult-onset PAH. However, the contribution of ATP13A3 risk alleles to child-onset PAH remains largely unexplored.Methods and resultsWe report three families with a novel, autosomal recessive form of childhood-onset PAH due to biallelic ATP13A3 variants. Disease onset ranged from birth to 2.5 years and was characterised by high mortality. Using genome sequencing of parent–offspring trios, we identified a homozygous missense variant in one case, which was subsequently confirmed to cosegregate with disease in an affected sibling. Independently, compound heterozygous variants in ATP13A3 were identified in two affected siblings and in an unrelated third family. The variants included three loss of function variants (two frameshift, one nonsense) and two highly conserved missense substitutions located in the catalytic phosphorylation domain. The children were largely refractory to treatment and four died in early childhood. All parents were heterozygous for the variants and asymptomatic.ConclusionOur findings support biallelic predicted deleterious ATP13A3 variants in autosomal recessive, childhood-onset PAH, indicating likely semidominant dose-dependent inheritance for this gene.
Unifying approaches: derivation of Balitsky hierarchy from the Lipatov effective action
Authors: Bondarenko S. , Pozdnyakov S. , Prygarin A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe consider a derivation of the hierarchy of correlators of ordered exponentials directly from the Lipatov’s effective action (Lipatov in Nucl Phys B 452:369, 1995; Phys Rep 286:131, 1997; Subnucl Ser 49:131, 2013; Int J Mod Phys Conf Ser 39: 1560082, 2015; Int J Mod Phys A 31(28/29):1645011, 2016; EPJ Web Conf 125: 01010, 2016) formulated in terms of interacting ordered exponentials (Bondarenko and Zubkov in Eur Phys J C 78(8), 617 2018; Bondarenko et al. in Eur Phys J C 81(7):61, 2021). The derivation of the Balitsky equation (Balitsky in Nucl Phys B 463:99, 1996; Phys Rev D 60:014020, 1999; At the frontier of particle physics, vol. 2, p. 1237–1342; Nucl Phys B 629:290, 2002; Phys Rev D 72:074027, 2005) from the hierarchy is discussed as well as the way the sub-leading eikonal corrections to the Balitsky equation arise from the transverse field contribution and sub-leading eikonal corrections to the quark propagator. We outline other possible applications of the proposed calculation scheme.
Marine carbonate sedimentation in volcanic settings
Authors: Lokier Stephen W. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Carbonate sediments have been produced and deposited in areas of active volcanism since at least the Paleoarchean. Despite early recognition of a significant relationship between volcanism and marine carbonate systems, research in this field has been largely neglected. With increasing recognition of the accelerating effects and significance of anthropogenically driven climate change on the ocean–atmosphere system, the time is ripe for studying volcanism-influenced carbonates as a natural analogue for future environmental scenarios. We undertake a detailed assessment of the state-of-the-science in our understanding of these systems. We identify significant bilateral division in approaches, with the geological and biological communities rarely interacting. The study of ancient volcanic-carbonate systems, in particular, appears to have ‘fallen between two stools’ with both the volcanic and sedimentological communities shying away from studying these cross-disciplinary systems. Observations of recent volcanic–carbonate interactions are challenging; long periods of volcanic quiescence are punctuated by brief episodes of activity. Recent developments in robust remotely deployable instrumentation offer an opportunity to safely undertake sustained monitoring of these systems before, during and after eruptions. Informed assessment of the likely responses of carbonate ecosystems to future climatic challenges requires the initiation of an integrated, collaborative, cross-disciplinary approach to studying the complex interactions within these challenging mixed depositional systems.
Volcaniclastic deposits and sedimentation processes around volcanic ocean islands: the central Azores
Authors: Chang Yu-Chun , Mitchell Neil C. , Hansteen Thor H. , Schindlbeck-Belo Julie C. , Freundt Armin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Geological histories of volcanic ocean islands can be revealed by the sediments shed by them. Hence there is an interest in studying cores of volcaniclastic sediments that are particularly preserved in the many flat-floored basins lying close to the Azores islands. We analyse four gravity cores collected around the central group of the islands. Three sedimentary facies (F1-F2a, F2b) are recognized based on visual core logging, particle morphometric and geochemical analyses. F1 is clay-rich hemipelagite comprising homogeneous mud with mottled structures from bioturbation. F2a and F2b are both clay-poor volcaniclastic deposits, which are carbonate-rich and carbonate-poor, respectively. More biogenic carbonate in F2a reflects the incorporation of unconsolidated calcareous material from island shelves or bioturbation. Within F2a and F2b we identify deposits emplaced by pyroclastic fallout, primary or secondary turbidity currents by combining multiple information from lithological composition, sedimentary structures, chemical composition of volcanic glass shards and morphometric characteristics of volcanic particles. Primary volcaniclastic sediments were found in all four cores, echoing activity known to have occurred up to historical times on the adjacent islands. These preliminary results suggest that greater details of geological events could be inferred for other volcanic islands by adopting a similar approach to core analysis.
Evaluation of the Obesity Prevention, Blood Glucose, and Blood Lipid Control of Vietnamese Rice Varieties in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Linh , Trinh Khanh Son 
Published: September 2021

Five Vietnamese rice varieties, which differ in their basic chemical composition (starch content, amylose content, fiber content) including polished rices and whole grain rices, were chosen for this study. High-fat diet-induced obesity, using these rice, was subjected to in vivo experiments to evaluate the effects of body weight gain, caloric intake, postprandial blood glucose level (PBGL), and glycemic index (GI) in tested mice groups. PBGL peaks appeared at 30th minute after eating, and GI of each experimental group was ranked in order as

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, respectively, in which, brown rice (LĐ) and germinated brown rice (GM) had low GI. Furthermore, these rice varieties caused the lowest LDL cholesterol and the ratio of LDL/HDL cholesterols in mice. In this study, the higher the amylose and fiber contents were, the lower glycemic index, triglycerides, LDL, and LDL/HDL values were. The golden flower glutinous rice (GN), with low amylose and fiber content, gave worse blood lipid parameters than that of GM and LĐ. Histopathological studies of white adipose and liver tissues showed that LĐ and GM significantly reduced the symptoms of obesity and fatty liver compared with the others, especially compared to GN. The results obtained from this study help patients with overweight, obesity, and type 2 diabetes choose the right rice variety for their daily diet to be able to control their diseases.
Allosteric Inhibition of HER2 by Moesin-Mimicking Compounds Targets HER2-Positive Cancers and Brain Metastases
Authors: Faure Camille , Djerbi-Bouillié Rym , Domingot Anaïs , Bouzinba-Segard Haniaa , Taouji Saïd , Saidi Yanis , Bernard Sandra , Carallis Floriane , Rothe-Walther Romy , Lenormand Jean-Luc , Chevet Eric , Bourdoulous Sandrine 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Therapies targeting the tyrosine kinase receptor HER2 have significantly improved survival of patients with HER2+ cancer. However, both de novo and acquired resistance remain a challenge, particularly in the brain metastatic setting. Here we report that, unlike other HER tyrosine kinase receptors, HER2 possesses a binding motif in its cytosolic juxtamembrane region that allows interaction with members of the Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin (ERM) family. Under physiologic conditions, this interaction controls the localization of HER2 in ERM-enriched domains and stabilizes HER2 in a catalytically repressed state. In HER2+ breast cancers, low expression of Moesin correlated with increased HER2 expression. Restoring expression of ERM proteins in HER2+ breast cancer cells was sufficient to revert HER2 activation and inhibit HER2-dependent proliferation. A high-throughput assay recapitulating the HER2–ERM interaction allowed for screening of about 1,500 approved drugs. From this screen, we found Zuclopenthixol, an antipsychotic drug that behaved as a Moesin-mimicking compound, because it directly binds the juxtamembrane region of HER2 and specifically inhibits HER2 activation in HER2+ cancers, as well as activation of oncogenic mutated and truncated forms of HER2. Zuclopenthixol efficiently inhibited HER2+ breast tumor progression in vitro and in vivo and, more importantly, showed significant activity on HER2+ brain tumor progression. Collectively, these data reveal a novel class of allosteric HER2 inhibitors, increasing the number of approaches to consider for intervention on HER2+ breast cancers and brain metastases.

Significance:
This study demonstrates the functional role of Moesin in maintaining HER2 in a catalytically repressed state and provides novel therapeutic approaches targeting HER2+ breast cancers and brain metastasis using Moesin-mimicking compounds.