bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the heterogeneity of the sandy Opalinus clay facies at the Mont Terri underground research laboratory on radionuclide migration
Authors: Ait-Mouheb Naila , Yang Yuankai , Van Loon Luc R. , Glaus Martin A. , Deissmann Guido , Bosbach Dirk 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The assessment of the safety of a deep geological repository (DGR) for high-level radioactive wastes over assessment time scales of up to 1 million years requires an in-depth understanding of the multi-scale coupled processes that affect the repository system evolution over time, to reduce uncertainties and conservatism in safety analyses. This is in particular required with respect to the challenges of a comparative assessment of different repository concepts in different host rocks within the process of a site selection for a DGR for heat-generating radioactive wastes in Germany. The collaborative project “Integrity of nuclear waste repository systems – Cross-scale system understanding and analysis (iCross)” conducted jointly by five research centres of the Helmholtz Association and co-funded by the Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association and the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) has been initiated with the overall objective to improve the understanding of coupled thermal-hydraulic-mechanical-chemical-(micro)biological (THMCB) processes and to develop simulation tools that enable a holistic close to reality description of the long-term evolution of the repository system. Geological formations, such as those foreseen as potential host rocks for DGRs, and their surroundings are heterogeneous on various length scales ranging from nanometers to kilometers. Therefore, the aim of this work in the context of iCross is to evaluate the effects of mineralogical, geochemical and microstructural heterogeneities of repository host rocks on radionuclide transport in the repository far field, using the sandy facies of the Opalinus clay (SF-OPA) from the Mont Terri underground research laboratory (St. Ursanne, Switzerland) as an example. Here, we address in particular the migration behaviour of Ra-226 as an important radionuclide to be considered in safety cases for deep geological disposal of spent nuclear fuel. To assess the impact of the heterogeneities in SF-OPA on radionuclide transport, a complementary approach combining microstructural characterisation methods, experimental techniques for the determination of transport parameters of the rock matrix and the mobility of Ra-226 with innovative developments in reactive transport modelling on the pore and continuum scales was pursued. One of the results was that although the limited clay content in SF-OPA decreases the total amount of Ra bound to the illite phase, the solid solutions of sulphate and carbonate compensate for this and provide a major fixation mechanism.
Radionuclide geochemistry: solubility and thermodynamics in an HLW repository
Authors: Fellhauer David , Gaona Xavier , Altmaier Marcus , Geckeis Horst 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Deep geological disposal is the internationally favoured option to isolate
high-level nuclear waste (HLW) from the biosphere and to minimise the
potential radiological risk for future generations. Potentially contacting
aqueous solutions such as groundwater may, however, lead to the corrosion of
the solid casks containing the nuclear waste, and the formation of aqueous
radionuclide systems in the near-field of the emplacement rooms. As dissolved
species, radionuclides can in principle further migrate into the far-field and
finally reach the biosphere on medium and long timescales. Like all chemical
species, the radionuclides are subject to fundamental (geo)chemical
laws. Relevant reactions that control retention and release, and hence, the
migration behaviour and fate of radionuclides in a repository, are solubility
equilibria, formation of soluble complexes, redox reactions, sorption on and
incorporation into mineral surfaces, transport phenomena etc. These processes
depend directly on the (geo)chemical boundary conditions, and, consequently,
can differ greatly for various host rock systems such as clay rock, rock salt,
and crystalline rock. Many of the radionuclides in HLW are heavy metals that are sparingly soluble
under various repository-relevant conditions, e.g. actinides, lanthanides,
transition metals, so that only partial dissolution (mobilisation) from the
solid waste matrices is expected. This underlines the importance of evaluating
the radionuclide solubility within a geochemically based safety assessment for
repositories as it provides reliable upper-limit concentrations of the mobile,
potentially migrating radionuclide fraction in the near-field. In this
contribution, we discuss relevant aspects related to the topic radionuclide
solubility and thermodynamics in a HLW repository. This includes a summary of
recent laboratory studies on the solubility behaviour and speciation of key
radionuclides in repository-relevant solutions, which are an important basis
for obtaining (geo)chemical information and models, and the
corresponding fundamental thermodynamic constants on aqueous radionuclide
systems. National and international thermodynamic database projects, where
quality-assured thermodynamic data (solubility products, complex formation
constants, and ion-interaction parameters) are evaluated and compiled,
e.g. the Nuclear Energy Agency Thermochemical Database
(http://www.oecd-nea.org, last access: 1 November 2021) or
the Thermodynamic Reference Database
(http://www.thereda.de, last access: 1 November 2021), are
highlighted and the main remaining uncertainties discussed. The
experimental information and the quantitative thermodynamic data are applied
within a generic case study to demonstrate the impact of different geochemical
solution conditions representing different host rock systems considered as HLW
repositories in Germany on the solubility and speciation of selected
radionuclides.
The Grimsel Test Site – more than 35 years of underground research
Authors: Martin Andrew J. , Blechschmidt Ingo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Nagra and its international partners have been conducting underground
research projects at the Grimsel Test Site (GTS,
https://www.grimsel.com, last access: 8 November 2021) for more than 35 years. The results have been incorporated directly into modelling, safety and engineering feasibility studies necessary for the siting and construction of deep geological repositories. Various types of experiments are carried out at the GTS, each involving field testing, laboratory studies, design and modelling tasks, thus integrating all scientific aspects. Projects are typically planned over a 5 year period with the option to extend depending on the latest findings from the experiment. In the current 5 year programme (2019–2023) new phases of running in situ experiments using radionuclides were started and include the Long-Term Diffusion experiment (LTD) and the Colloid Formation and Migration project (CFM). A completely new experiment studying the migration of C-14 and I-129 in aged cement (CIM) was also initiated. Other experiments focusing mostly on engineered barrier materials were continued such as the Material Corrosion Test (MaCoTe), which is studying anaerobic corrosion of candidate canister materials in bentonite (Fig. 1). Also, a 1:1 scale experiment studying the high-temperature (>175∘C) effects on bentonite materials (HotBENT project) was started last year. In this paper we provide an overview of the CIM, LTD and MaCoTe projects, including key findings so far. In addition to research, the GTS, as part of the Grimsel Training Centre (GTC), is also used as an education platform for knowledge transfer to the next generation of scientists and engineers in the area of radioactive waste disposal and geosciences.
A forecasting approach of tropical cyclone genesis based on thresholds of multi-physical parameters and its verification using ECMWF model data
Authors: WEN FENG , LI ZHU , WAIKIN WONG , CHUNWING CHOY , JUNFENG MIAO 
Published: November 2021

While considerable studies have proved that the track and intensity forecasts of tropical cyclone (TC) relied heavily on output from numerical weather prediction (NWP) model, few researches investigated how well NWP models forecast TC genesis in the western North Pacific (WNP) basin. In order to understand the characteristics of TC genesis forecast in WNP basin by NWP models, this study derives a set of criteria to identify the formation of TC using historical data and verifies it based on ECMWF model data between 2013 and 2015. The results show that the percentile values adopted as the criteria thresholds have a significant impact on the performance of algorithm based on the criteria. A reasonable adjustment of threshold in a specific interval can effectively improve the TC genesis prediction. For example, in the WNP basin the forecast results are most sensitive to small changes in the relative vorticity on the 850 hPa level. The results of forecast test of the optimal threshold combination scheme indicate that the turning point of performance lies between 24 and 48 hours with regard to the hit rate in the 12-72 hours prior to the formation of TC. For lead time less than 24 hours, the hit rate was basically maintained at a high level above 0.7 with a small decrease. After that, the performance drops sharply before stabilizing beyond 48 hours. In addition, the performance of the TC genesis prediction in ECMWF model varies significantly from year to year and also in different WNP regions. It performs better to the east of the Philippines than over the South China Sea (SCS). On the other hand, high false alarm (FA) rates are found in the central parts of the SCS up to the waters around the Philippines and the central part of the WNP. The significant discrepancy in ECMWF’s performance can also be observed between different basins. Within the 24 hours before the genesis of a TC, the forecasts for the WNP basin verify better than those for the Atlantic basin.
Simulation of runoff in Baitarani basin using composite and distributed curve number approaches in HEC-HMS model
Authors: NIHARIKA SAHOO , B. PANIGRAHI , DWARIKA MOHAN DAS , D. P. DAS 
Published: November 2021

The present study was conducted in Baitarani basin up to Anandapur gauging station of Odisha covering an area of 8603.7 km2. Pre-processing of basin from digital elevation model (DEM) was done using HEC-Geo-HMS extension and spatial analyst tool in ArcGIS. These pre-processed files were then imported to HEC-HMS for simulating runoff. In this study, runoff simulation was done using two methods, viz., composite and distributed curve number (CN) approaches. SCS curve number method was used for computation of runoff volume, SCS UH method for direct runoff, constant- monthly varying base flow method for base flow and Muskingum method for flow routing. The model was calibrated and validated using both composite and distributed CN approaches. Data from 1st January, 2007 to 31st December, 2013 were used for calibration and 1st January, 2014 to 31st December, 2016 were used for validation. During the calibration period of composite CN approach, the statistical parameters like Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), Coefficient of determination (R2), Percent bias (PBIAS) and RMSE-observations standard deviation ratio (RSR) were found to be 0.51, 0.63, 12.82 and 0.7, respectively and during the validation period they were found to be 0.53, 0.54, -19.73 and 0.7, respectively. In case of distributed CN approach, the statistical parameters like NSE, R2, PBIAS and RSR were found to be 0.62, 0.63, -8.64 and 0.6, respectively during the calibration period and 0.67, 0.66, -2.25 and 0.6, respectively during the validation period. The study indicated that distributed CN approach is more accurate than composite CN approach in simulation of runoff using HEC-HMS model.
INTERAKSI YESUS DENGAN PETRUS DALAM INJIL MATIUS 16:21-28 SEBAGAI MODEL PENANGANAN MASALAH KEJIWAAN
Authors: Gabriel Silwanus 
Published: November 2021

The author argues that the Pentecostal ministry that is in contact with the handling of psychiatric problems (PMK) can use the story of Jesus' interaction with Peter in Matthew 16: 21-28 as his foundation. Indeed, the story was not originally intended to talk about PMK at all, but when read using Christian psychological theory, it will be able to emerge from the basic principles of PMK. Jesus' interaction with Peter in Matthew 16: 21-28 also displays cognitive-behavioral aspects. Matthew expertly narrated the way Jesus used to give Peter a kind of therapy. Matthew records this event more fully than Mark and Luke. It is the completeness of these records that makes Matthew's writing suitable for use as a PMK model. For this purpose, a study of parallelism, background searches and culture will be used to discover Matthew's unique presentation compared to the other two Gospels. Next, Matthew's presentation of Peter's words and actions to Jesus and Jesus' response to those words and actions will be analyzed using cognitive behavioral therapy. In the end, the results of this study will be viewed from the Pentecostal side as a PMK model.
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Penulis berargumen bahwa pelayanan Pentakosta yang bersentuhan dengan penanganan masalah kejiwaan (PMK) dapat menggunakan kisah interaksi Yesus dengan Petrus dalam Matius 16:21-28 sebagai dasar pijakannya. Memang kisah itu pada mulanya tidak dimaksudkan sama sekali untuk berbicara tentang PMK, tetapi ketika dibaca dengan menggunakan teori psikologi Kristen, maka dari dalamnya akan dapat dimunculkan prinsip-prinsip dasar PMK. Interaksi Yesus dengan Petrus dalam Matius 16:21-28 juga menampilkan aspek cognitive-behavioural. Dengan piawai Matius menarasikan cara yang digunakan Yesus untuk memberikan semacam terapi kepada Petrus. Matius mencatat peristiwa ini dengan lebih lengkap dibandingkan dengan catatan Markus dan Lukas. Kelengkapan catatan inilah yang membuat Tulisan Matius cocok digunakan sebagai model PMK. Untuk tujuan ini, telaah paralelisme, penelusuran latar belakang dan budaya akan digunakan untuk menemukan keunikan presentasi Matius dibandingkan kedua Injil yang lain. Berikutnya, presentasi Matius tentang perkataan dan tindakan Petrus kepada Yesus dan tanggapan Yesus terhadap perkataan dan tindakan itu akan dianalisa dengan menggunakan terapi cognitive behavioral. Pada akhirnya, hasil telaah ini akan dilihat dari sisi Pentakosta sebagai sebuah model PMK.
KEBIJAKSANAAN SEBAGAI KARUNIA ROH KUDUS: MAKNA DAN BUAHNYA BAGI HIDUP SEORANG KRISTIANI
Authors: Maurenis Andreas 
Published: November 2021

In the Scriptures it says 'Fear of God is the beginning of wisdom, but fools insult wisdom and discipline' (Proverbs 1: 7). People who live a good spiritual life will always be blessed with God's spirit of wisdom. Wisdom, which is one of the gifts of the Spirit, which is narrated in the Old and New Testaments, was always believed by Christians from the beginning even experienced by the Apostles at Pentecost as described in Acts. Indeed there is no human who deserves to claim himself as a wise person. But humans deserve the wisdom to produce good fruits in their social life especially in this context, their meaning and fruit for a Christian for himself and for the environment. Through the descriptive method of the text, the author tries to explore further, how the meaning and fruit for a Christian when his life is always shaded by the gift of the Holy Spirit.
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Dalam Kitab Suci dikatakan 'Takut akan Tuhan adalah awal kebijaksanaan, tetapi orang bodoh menghina hikmat dan didikan' (Amsal 1:7). Orang yang menjalankan hidup rohani yang baik akan selalu dikaruniai roh kebijaksanaan oleh Tuhan. Kebijaksanaan yang adalah salah satu karunia Roh, yang dinarasikan dalam Perjanjian Lama dan Perjanjian Baru, senantiasa diimani oleh orang Kristen sejak awal bahkan dialami oleh Para Rasul pada saat Pentakosta sebagaimana dilukiskan dalam Kisah Para Rasul. Memang tidak ada manusia yang layak mengklaim diri sebagai orang bijaksana. Tetapi manusia layak mendambakan kebijaksanaan untuk menghasilkan buah-buah yang baik dalam kehidupan sosialnya terutama dalam konteks ini, makna dan buahnya bagi seorang Kristiani bagi dirinya dan bagi lingkungan. Melalui metode deskriptif teks, penulis mencoba menelusuri lebih jauh, bagaimana makna dan buah bagi seorang Kristiani ketika hidupnya selalu dinaungi oleh karunia Roh Kudus.
Teologi Ibadah dan Spiritualitas Generasi Milenial
Authors: Rumbiak Amelia 
Published: November 2021

Discourse about millennial generation and religious campaigns has become a worldwide spotlight in various sectors of life. Their existence is the best commodity in human history. In addition, technological advances through the internet are very binding on them so that the millennial generation is a group that grows and is familiar also dependent on gadget technology that masters social media as their new religion. The Church as a Treaty for implementing theology. Warnings and solutions to solutions from Marva J. Dawn and related liturgical figures also support the role of orthodoxy, orthopraxis, and orthopathy from Worship Theology to hold its missiological responsibilities reversed with the help of contemporary worship.
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Diskursus tentang generasi milenial dan persoalan keagamaan telah menjadi sorotan mendunia dalam berbagai sektor hidup. Keberadaan angkatan mereka menjadi komoditi penting saat ini dan ke depannya. Di samping itu, kemajuan teknologi lewat jaringan internet sangat mengikat mereka sehingga generasi milenial adalah sebuah kelompok yang tumbuh dan akrab serta tergantung dengan teknologi gadget yang menTuan-kan media sosial sebagai agama baru mereka. Gereja sebagai konteks pelaksanaan Teologi Ibadah menghadapi kondisi ini. Peringatan dan rekonstruksi solusi dari Marva J. Dawn dan tokoh-tokoh liturgis lainnya turut menunjukkan pentingnya peran ortodoksi, ortopraksis dan ortopati dari Teologi Ibadah untuk menunjukkan tanggung jawab misiologisnya yang bersifat upside-down melalui ibadah kekinian.
Pengembangan Buku Ajar Sistem Operasi Komputer Berbasis Graphical User Interface untuk Meningkatkan Kompetensi Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi
Authors: Imansyah M. Nur , Nurjannah Nurjannah 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis buku ajar untuk matakuliah Sistem Operasi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan dengan menggunakan model 4-D yang terdiri dari 4 tahapan, yakni a) Define, b) Design, c) Develop, and Disemination. Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan dalam kurun waktu 1 (satu) tahun dengan target khusus yang ingin dicapai, yaitu; 1) Buku Ajar Sistem Operasi Komputer Berbasis Graphical User Interface (GUI), 2) Luaran yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini adalah publikasi jurnal nasional terakreditasi, dan buku ajar ter-ISBN. Tahap Kesiapan Teknologi atau Tingkat Kesiapan Teknologi (TKT) adalah ukuran tingkat kesiapan teknologi yang diartikan sebagai indikator yang menunjukkan seberapa siap atau matang suatu teknologi agar dapat diterapkan. Teknologi yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah Buku ajar ber-ISBN, RPS, Worksheet, dan Soal tes dengan kategori indikator TKTnya adalah bidang Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan, Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan berada pada kategori Layak untuk digunakan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi mahasiswa.
Dinamika Sosial Kelompok Tani (Studi Kasus Petani Bawang Merah Desa perangian Kecamatan Baraka Kabupaten Enrekang)
Authors: Suparman Suparman , Oruh Shermina , Agustang Andi 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dinamika sosial kelompok tani Bawang Merah di Desa Perangian Kecamatan Baraka Kabupaten Enrekang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian sosial budaya dengan tipe kualitatif deskriptif dimana penelitian bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran nyata, dan penjelasan tentang dinamika sosial kelompok petani Bawang Merah. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Dalam penelitian ini responden di pilih langsung oleh peneliti melalui teknik purposive sampling sebanyak 10 orang wakil dari anggota kelompok tani yang menjadi informan di Desa Perangian Kecamatan Baraka Kabupaten Enrekang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terbentuknya kelompok tani di awali dengan adanya persepsi atau pandangan yang sama dalam memenuhi kebutuhan. Dalam kelompok terjalin kerjasama antara sesama petani dalam mengahadapi permasalahan seperti pemenuhan kebutuhan sarana produksi dan hasil panen dalam bidang pertanian, sehingga dengan adanya kerja sama secara berkelompok berdampak pada peningkatan jumlah produksi yang baik. Terjadinya dinamika sosial kelompok petani dikarenakan karena adanya kepentingan bersama yang dapat mendorong sekelompok orang untuk membentuk sebuah kelompok dimana mereka bekerja sama dengan tekun, bersaing secara sehat untuk memperoleh hasil yang baik dalam bidang pertanian Bawang Merah.
3D Printed MXene Aerogels with Truly 3D Macrostructure and Highly Engineered Microstructure for Enhanced Electrical and Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Tetik Halil , Orangi Jafar , Yang Guang , Zhao Keren , Mujib Shakir Bin , Singh Gurpreet , Beidaghi Majid , Lin Dong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAssembling 2D materials such as MXenes into functional 3D aerogels using 3D printing technologies gains attention due to simplicity of fabrication, customized geometry and physical properties, and improved performance. Also, the establishment of straightforward electrode fabrication methods with the aim to hinder the restack and/or aggregation of electrode materials, which limits the performance of the electrode, is of great significant. In this study, unidirectional freeze casting and inkjet‐based 3D printing are combined to fabricate macroscopic porous aerogels with vertically aligned Ti3C2Tx sheets. The fabrication method is developed to easily control the aerogel microstructure and alignment of the MXene sheets. The aerogels show excellent electromechanical performance so that they can withstand almost 50% compression before recovering to the original shape and maintain their electrical conductivities during continuous compression cycles. To enhance the electrochemical performance, an inkjet‐printed MXene current collector layer is added with horizontally aligned MXene sheets. This combines the superior electrical conductivity of the current collector layer with the improved ionic diffusion provided by the porous electrode. The cells fabricated with horizontal MXene sheets alignment as current collector with subsequent vertical MXene sheets alignment layers show the best electrochemical performance with thickness‐independent capacitive behavior.