bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ventriculogallbladder Shunt: Percutaneous Transhepatic Placement of the Distal Catheter
Authors: Ogagan Charles O. , Kulkarni Nichita , Owusu-Adjei Brittany , Karam Adib R. , Cataltepe Oguz 
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND:
Ventriculogallbladder (VGB) shunts are currently placed as a salvage procedure in treatment of hydrocephalus when all other options are exhausted. Although VGB shunts work well when successfully implanted, they are still rarely used because of the technical challenges with the traditional surgical technique.

OBJECTIVE:
To implant VGB shunts using a minimally invasive technique that is safer and less technically challenging.

METHODS:
We discussed our utilization of a percutaneous transhepatic approach to placement of the distal catheter into the gallbladder as a new technique that offers a solution to the established but surgically demanding current approach. We presented a complex patient with multiple failed shunts who underwent placement of a VGB shunt.

RESULTS:
The shunt was successfully placed and did not incur any complications or require any revisions in 5 yr.

CONCLUSION:
Given the safety and ease of this minimally invasive approach, we believe percutaneous transhepatic approach in VGB shunts should be considered as a reasonable option in patients with complex hydrocephalus.
Catalytic Methylation of Benzene over Pt/MoOx/TiO2 and Zeolite Catalyst Using CO2 and H2
Authors: Ting Kah Wei , Imbe Takuto , Kamakura Haruka , Maeno Zen , Siddiki S M A Hakim , Matsushita Koichi , Shimizu Ken-ichi , Toyao Takashi 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Catalytic methylation of benzene using CO2/H2 was investigated using various combinations of supported metal catalysts and zeolites in a batch reactor. After a thorough catalyst screening process, the combination of Pt(3)/MoOx(30)/TiO2 and H-MOR (SiO2/Al2O3 = 90) was the most efficient, achieving up to 39% benzene-based yield and 27% CO2-based yield, without promoting the dearomatization of benzene, under the reaction conditions employed in this study (1 MPa CO2, 5 MPa H2, 1 mmol of benzene, 240 °C, 12 h).
Innovative Processes and Innovations in Economic Activity
Authors: Babanov V. 
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the state and prospects of development of innovation activity and its main components - innovations. The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that the innovative problems of economic activity that have already been identified at the present time and in the future, being a factor in its development, need to determine the range of tasks that will require their solution in the near future.
The objects of innovation activity are increasingly becoming factors of production, forms of its organization, infrastructure, energy supply, education, its results, ecology.
The subjects of future innovative research are likely to be the sources of material and energy supply of economic activity, the principles of formation and content of knowledge, methods of reducing environmental damage and preserving the natural habitat of people, alternatives to solving innovative problems, criteria for choosing preferred options
Economic activity in the coming periods will not only change its content, but will also face the emergence of new problems and the need to solve them.
Clinical evaluation of the SD Biosensor SARS-CoV-2 saliva antigen rapid test with symptomatic and asymptomatic, non-hospitalized patients
Authors: Igloi Zsofia , Velzing Jans , Huisman Robin , Geurtsvankessel Corine , Comvalius Anoushka , IJpelaar Jeroen , van Beek Janko , Ensing Roel , Boelsums Timo , Koopmans Marion , Molenkamp Richard 
Published: December 2021

Background
Performance of the SD Biosensor saliva antigen rapid test was evaluated at a large designated testing site in non-hospitalized patients, with or without symptoms.

Method
All eligible people over 18 years of age presenting for a booked appointment at the designated SARS-CoV-2 testing site were approached for inclusion and enrolled following verbal informed consent. One nasopharyngeal swab was taken to carry out the default antigen rapid test from which the results were reported back to the patient and one saliva sample was self-taken according to verbal instruction on site. This was used for the saliva antigen rapid test, the RT-PCR and for virus culture. Sensitivity of the saliva antigen rapid test was analyzed in two ways: i, compared to saliva RT-PCR; and ii, compared to virus culture of the saliva samples. Study participants were also asked to fill in a short questionnaire stating age, sex, date of symptom onset. Recommended time of ≥30mins since last meal, drink or cigarette if applicable was also recorded. The study was carried out in February-March 2021 for 4 weeks.

Results
We could include 789 people with complete records and results. Compared to saliva RT-PCR, overall sensitivity and specificity of the saliva antigen rapid test was 66.1% and 99.6% which increased to 88.6% with Ct ≤30 cutoff. Analysis by days post onset did not result in higher sensitivities because the large majority of people were in the very early phase of disease ie <3 days post onset. When breaking down the data for symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals, sensitivity ranged from 69.2% to 50% respectively, however the total number of RT-PCR positive asymptomatic participants was very low (n = 5). Importantly, almost all culture positive samples were detected by the rapid test.

Conclusion
Overall, the potential benefits of saliva antigen rapid test, could outweigh the lower sensitivity compared to nasopharyngeal antigen rapid test in a comprehensive testing strategy, especially for home/self-testing and in vulnerable populations like elderly, disabled or children where in intrusive testing is either not possible or causes unnecessary stress.
The epidemiology of falls in Portugal: An analysis of hospital admission data
Authors: Sampaio Filipa , Nogueira Paulo , Ascenção Raquel , Henriques Adriana , Costa Andreia 
Published: December 2021

Background
Falls are a common cause of injury and pose an increased risk of morbidity, mortality, and lifelong disability. Falls encompass a troublesome definition and can pose challenges in epidemiological studies. Data on fall-related hospital admissions in Portugal remain unpublished. This study aimed to examine the epidemiology of fall-related hospital admissions in the Portuguese population between 2010 and 2018. It also aimed to examine annual rates of fall-related hospital admissions using three methodological approaches.

Methods
The Portuguese Hospital Morbidity Database was used to identify all cases resulting in one or more inpatient admission in public hospitals related to falls from 2010 to 2018. Fall-related hospital admissions were described by age groups, sex, geographical area of residence, and type of fall. Annual rates were computed using three approaches: i) based on the number of inpatient admissions with an ICD code of fall, ii) based on the number of patients admitted to inpatient care with an ICD code of fall, and iii) based on the number of inpatient admissions with a principal diagnosis of injury.

Results
Between 2010 and 2018, 383,016 fall-related admissions occurred in 344,728 patients, corresponding to 2.1% of the total number of hospitalizations during the same period. Higher rates were seen among the younger (20–25) and the oldest age groups (+85), males until the age of 60, females from the age of 60, and areas of residence with a higher aging index. An overall rate of falls per 100,000 population was estimated at 414 (based on number of admissions), 373 (based on number of patients) and 353 (based on number of admissions with a principal diagnosis of injury).

Conclusions
This study provides an overall picture of the landscape of falls in a scarcely explored setting. The results aim to contribute to identifying appropriate preventive interventions and policies for these populations.
Echarnos la mano. Experiencias organizativas en torno a la sostenibilidad de la vida de mujeres trabajadoras del hogar migrantes mazatecas en colonias populares de Puebla (México)
Authors: Vera Vega Cristina Bertha , Marega Magalí 
Published: December 2021

Analizamos las experiencias de organización colectiva en torno al trabajo para la sostenibilidad de la vida, de mujeres trabajadoras del hogar mazatecas migrantes internas a la ciudad de Puebla, México. Muchas de ellas comenzaron a “trabajar en casa” desde tempranas edades y, aunque esta labor ha sido su experiencia laboral más regular, también se dedicaron al comercio o la elaboración de artesanías, y de modo permanente, al trabajo no remunerado en sus propios hogares y comunidades.
Proponemos definir estas formas organizativas como politicidad doméstica, dinámica que trasciende los canales formales de expresión, y que se ancla en experiencias cotidianas de organización en torno a redes de reciprocidad, cooperación y cuidados, no exentas de conflictos. Estas dinámicas tienen antecedentes directos en los entramados comunitarios construidos históricamente, que se actualizan de modos diversos al llegar a las grandes ciudades, y especialmente en contextos de crisis exacerbada como el abierto por la pandemia.
Protest kobiet. Wizerunek katolicyzmu w wytwórczości współczesnych polskich reżyserek
Authors: Kornacki Krzysztof 
Published: December 2021

In the second decade of the 20th century (especially in the years 2016-2020), a significant number of films by Polish female directors were released in which Catholicism and the Catholic Church were attacked. They were: W imię… [In the Name of…], Body/ciało [Body], Twarz (Mug) and Córka boga [The Other Lamb] – all directed by Małgorzata Szumowska; Dzikie róże [Wild Roses] by Anna Jadowska, Pokot [Spoor] by Agnieszka Holland and Kasia Adamik, Wieża. Jasny dzień [Tower. A Bright Day] by Jagoda Szelc, Powrót, [Back Home] by Magdalena Łazarkiewicz, Maryjki [Marygoround] by Daria Woszek, as well as a documentary Komunia [Communion] by Anna Zamecka. The polemic related to the above-mentioned movies commented on the religiosity of Catholics and the quality of the institutional church (priests, hierarchies, methods of ministering and teaching), religious control and repression of corporeality and sexuality (including female sexuality), and Catholicism as the foundation of the patriarchal system. These films also feature elements of the "positive program", a proposal for a new cultural paradigm (new spirituality), organized around Nature, with the suggestion of matriarchy. From the point of view of social communication, the content and poetics of above-mentioned the films were similar, according to the author, to the content of the protests of the Ogólnopolski Strajk Kobiet (Polish Women's Strike), which demonstrated in 2016 and 2020 against the tightening of abortion laws.
Capital, Ideology, and the Liberal Order
Authors: Cowen Nick , Geloso Vincent 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThomas Piketty’sCapital and Ideology(2020) offers a powerful critique of ideological justifications for inequality in capitalist societies. Does this mean we should reject capitalist institutions altogether? This paper defends some aspects of capitalism by explaining the epistemic function of market economies and their ability to harness capital to meet the needs of the relatively disadvantaged. We support this classical liberal position with reference to empirical research on historical trends in inequality that challenges some of Piketty’s interpretations of the data. Then we discuss the implications of this position in terms of limits on the efficacy of participatory governance within firms and the capacity of the state to levy systematic taxes on wealth.
Democracy Naturalized: In Search of the Individual in the Post-truth Condition
Authors: Fuller Steve 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article takes a ‘naturalistic’ look at the historically changing nature of the individual and its implications for the terms on which democracy might be realized, starting from classical Athens, moving through early debates in evolutionary theory, to contemporary moral and political thought. Generally speaking, liberal democracy sees individuality as the mark of an evolutionarily mature species, whereas socialist democracy sees it as the mark of an evolutionary immature species. Overall, the individual has been ‘de-naturalized’ over time, resulting in the indeterminate figure who thrives in the post-truth condition.
Post-deliberative Democracy
Authors: Heath Joseph 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWithin any adversarial rule-governed system, it often takes time for strategically motivated agents to discover effective exploits. Once discovered, these strategies will soon be copied by all other participants. Unless it is possible to adjust the rules to preclude them, the result will be a degradation of the performance of the system. This is essentially what has happened to public political discourse in democratic states. Political actors have discovered, not just that the norm of truth can be violated in specific ways, but that many of the norms governing rational deliberation can also be violated, not just without penalty, but often for significant political gain. As a result, the level of noise (false or misleading communications) has come to drown out the signal (earnest attempts at deliberation). The post-truth political condition is the cumulative result of innovations developed by actors who adopt an essentially strategic orientation toward political communications.
Behind the Screens: Post-truth, Populism, and the Circulation of Elites
Authors: Lynch William T. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe alleged emergence of a ‘post-truth’ regime links the rise of new forms of social media and the reemergence of political populism. Post-truth has theoretical roots in the interdisciplinary field ofScience and Technology Studies(STS), with sociologists of science arguing that both true and false claims should be explained by the same kinds of social causes. Most STS theorists have sought to deflect blame for post-truth, while at the same time enacting a normative turn, looking to deconstruct truth claims and subject expertise to criticism. Steve Fuller has developed a positive case for post-truth in science, arguing that post-truth democratizes science. I criticize this argument and suggest an alternative approach that draws on the prehistory of the field in the 1930s and 1940s, when philosophers and sociologists sought to define the social conditions necessary for reliable knowledge production that might stem mass media irrationalism.
Fitting and Fudging: On the Folly of Trying to Define Post-truth
Authors: Rider Sharon 
Published: December 2021

AbstractI propose that the ‘post-truth condition’, i.e., the vulnerability of our institutions for establishing and negotiating what is true and worth knowing, is not primarily a pathology, a susceptibility to external manipulation or coercion, as tends to be stressed in the literature, but has first and foremost to do with the unraveling of certain epistemic assumptions. In analogy with T.S. Eliot’s modernist notion that the attempt to capture and concretize an experience or a state of mind requires ‘objective correlatives’ which it conveys, I argue that the trope of post-truth to express the embattled status of expertise can be understood in terms of failed symbolization. In the second section, I spell out what this means in terms of Donald Davidson’s discussion of the problem of defining truth. In the last section, I propose a ‘poetics of political theory’ for understanding the post-truth condition.
Novel biomarker and drug delivery systems for theranostics – extracellular vesicles
Authors: Stępień Ewa Ł. , Rząca Carina , Moskal Paweł 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano- and micro-sized double-layered membrane entities derived from most cell types and released into biological fluids. Biological properties (cell-uptake, biocompatibility), and chemical (composition, structure) or physical (size, density) characteristics make EVs a good candidate for drug delivery systems (DDS). Recent advances in the field of EVs (e.g., scaling-up production, purification) and developments of new imaging methods (total-body positron emission tomography [PET]) revealed benefits of radiolabeled EVs in diagnostic and interventional medicine as a potential DDs in theranostics.
Qui capite ipse sua in statuit uestigia sese. Lucrezio e lo scetticismo nel libro IV delDe rerum natura
Authors: Corradi Michele 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn his refutation of skepticism in book IV ofDe rerum natura(469–521), Lucretius uses argumentative methods typical of Epicurus: the περιτροπή is in many ways similar to that used by the philosopher in book XXV of Περὶ φύσεως, the same book where, in a passage dedicated to the criticism against determinists, can be found a reference to the criterion of the πρόληψις, that Lucretius exploits in his refutation. Moreover, Lucretius develops a strong demonstration concerning the irrefutability of αἴσθησις as a criterion of truth, which finds significant points of contact with a large fragment, transmitted by Diogenes Laertius (X 31–32) and generally traced back to theCanonof Epicurus. The last argument used by the poet is a pragmatic one: for the skeptic it would be impossible to live. The argument is similar to the praxis-based argument used by Epicurus in the Περὶ φύσεως against the partisans of determinism. But the pragmatic argument goes back to a very ancient layer of anti-skeptical polemics, even prior to Epicurus and already present in book Γ of Aristotle’sMetaphysics. Although later influences cannot be excluded, Lucretius appears to be a faithful witness of Epicurus. Probably in a lost section of the Περὶ φύσεως, the philosopher of Samos showed positions going against skeptical or proto-skeptical attitude, contemporary or earlier to the time of the philosopher, probably developed in a Democritean or a Socratic context. Epicurus’ad hominemstrategy is very close to that of the philosopher in thePrincipal DoctrinesXXIII–XXV, and certainly follows Aristotle’ strategy in book Γ ofMetaphysicsagainst those who deny the principle of non-contradiction. In a similar way, Epicurus does not have one figure as the objective of his refutation but constructs a hypothetical dialectical opponent capable of embodying a series of philosophical tendencies judged by the founder ofKeposto be extremely dangerous not only for the correct exercise of thought but for the human being’s life itself.
A semantic typology of location, existence, possession and copular verbs: areal patterns of polysemy in Mainland East and Southeast Asia
Authors: Chappell Hilary , Lü Shanshan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study is based on a sample of 116 languages from the Mainland East and Southeast Asian linguistic area. Its first objective is to examine four distinct synchronic patterns of areal polysemy, created by the semantic domains of copular, locative, existential and possessive verbs and the constructions they form. As a consequence, its second objective is to model the diachronic change underlying four language types identified on this basis from the data. We argue that there are three grammaticalization pathways which motivate the four synchronic patterns: Type III languages are distinguished by the grammaticalization chain: (Postural verb) > (Dwell) > Locative > Existential > Possessive,while the other two types, Type II and Type IV, show an opposing pathway: (Grasp) > Possessive > Existential. Type I and Type II languages additionally reveal a recurrent polysemy betweenLocativeandCopularverbs. On this basis, an implicational universal is adduced to the effect that no diachronic adjacency exists betweenlocativeandpossessiveconstructions. Crucially, the intervening stage of anexistentialconstruction provides the necessary bridging context forpossessivereanalysis in this first pathway, whilepossessiveverbs are formally distinct fromlocativesin the second, bearing no diachronic relationship to them. The findings on the patterns of polysemy sharing reinforce the notion of a clear typological split between Tibeto-Burman languages on the one hand, and Sinitic, Kra–Dai, Hmong–Mien, and Austroasiatic on the other.
Present value of firm asset in case of correlated defaults: a generalized structural approach of credit risk
Authors: Valužis Mantas 
Published: December 2021

This article investigatesthe present value of a firm’s asset in the case of n \geq 2 correlateddefaults. The structural approach of credit risk is developed in the case when default boundaries follow geometric Brownian motions. Correlated defaults are defined by the implied correlation of Brownian motions. The operational risk and the risk of financial market changes are allowed in this model. Also, the impact of implied correlation to the present value of firm’s asset is shown numerically.
On the estimation of the functional
Authors: Puriuškis Gintaras 
Published: December 2021

There is considered the functionalinf(sup|f (i)(t)),The supremum is taken by i = 0, 1, 2, the infimum is taken by the function set KC2([0, 1]), with boundary conditionsf (0) = 1, f'(0) = 1, f (1) = 0, f'(1) = 0.
Economic Consequences of Covid-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Exchange Rate Behaviour
Authors: Sethi Maheswar , Dash Sakti Ranjan , Kumar Swain Rabindra , Das Seema 
Published: December 2021

This paper examines the effect of Covid-19 on currency exchange rate behaviour by taking a sample of 37 countries over a period from 4th January 2020 to 30th April 2021. Three variables, such as daily confirmed cases, daily deaths, and the world pandemic uncertainty index (WPUI), are taken as the measure of Covid-19. By applying fixed-effect regression, the study documents that the exchange rate behaves positively to the Covid-19 outbreak, particularly to daily confirmed cases and daily deaths, which implies that the value of other currencies against the US dollar has been depreciated. However, the impact of WPUI is insignificant. On studying the time-varying impact of the pandemic, the study reveals that the Covid-19 has an asymmetric impact on exchange rate over different time frames. Further, it is observed that though daily confirmed cases and daily deaths show a uniform effect, WPUI puts an asymmetric effect on the exchange rate owing to the nature of economies.
Criterios para la seleccion de un sistema de tratamiento de residuos y su aplicación a las vinazas de la industria alcohólica
Authors: Caicedo M. Luis Alfonso , Fonseca José Joaquín , Rodríguez Gerardo 
Published: December 2021

La selección de un sistema de tratamiento de residuos debe seguir los criterios del proceso denominado BATEA (Mejor Proceso Disponible y Factible Técnica y económicamente). Debido a que su aplicación es difícil por no contar con parámetros objetivos de evaluación, se presenta un método que clasifica los criterios de evaluación en generales y específicos. Para la cuantificación de estos aspectos se emplean factores de ponderación como FQO, FCI, FTR, FD y el Factor de Aplicabilidad del Tratamiento (FAT). El método aplicado a la vinaza permite concluir que es la evaporación el mejor sistema de tratamiento para dicho proceso, mientras no se desarrollen otros sistemas o se aumente la tasa retributiva.