bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Influencing Factors of Pathologic Complete Response in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Tang Lingfeng , Shu Xiujie , Tu Gang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with achieving pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in estrogen receptor-positive(ER+) breast cancer patients, and develop a nomogram that predict the probability of achieving pCR after NACT in ER+ breast cancer patients.Methods: A total of 431 ER+ breast cancer patients who received four cycles of thrice-weekly standard NACT and subsequently underwent surgery in the first affiliated hospital of Chongqing medical university were retrospectively enrolled, and data on their pretreatment clinicopathologic features and multiple laboratory indexes were collected. The optimal cut-off values of age, NLR, PLR and FBG were determined by the Youden index. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model was used to optimize feature selection. Forward stepwise multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to identify predictive factors for achieving pCR after NACT. A nomogram was then developed according to the logistic model. Discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the predicting model were assessed using the C-index, receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis.Results: pCR was achieved in 59 (13.7%) patients after NACT. Multivariate analysis identified four independent factors, including tumor size, ER expression, Ki67 index and histological grade. The nomogram established based on these factors showed its discriminatory ability, with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.774 (95% confidence interval 0.708–0.841) and the C-index was 0.809 (95% CI: 0.751–0.867). The calibration curve showed that the predictive ability of the nomogram was a good fit to actual observation. The decision curve showed that if the threshold is 13% and 65%, using this nomogram can obtain more benefit.Conclusions: The nomogram exhibited a sufficient discriminatory ability for predicting pCR of NACT in ER+ breast cancer patients.
Biochemical and Instrumental Characterization of Vermicompost Produced From Patchouli Bagasse: A Waste by-product of Essential Oil Industries
Authors: Ahmed Refad , Deka Hemen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Biochemical and instrumental analysis was carried out for understanding the maturity and stability of the vermicomposted patchouli bagasse (PB) and cow dung (CD) mixtures. Two important enzymes namely urease and dehydrogenase were evaluated to understand the biological changes. On the other hand, instrumental study includes scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging; X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and UV-VIS spectrophotometer analysis of the vermicomposting end products. The results showed enhancement in urease (1.14-2.84 folds) and dehydrogenase (1.7-3.1 folds) activities confirming the maturity and stability of the vermicomposting end products. The spectrophotometric analysis revealed that there was significant decrease in humification index (1.5 to 3.4 folds) in the vermicompost samples than the initial level. The SEM images depicted the porous, fragmented and granular structure of end vermicompost samples. Further, the XRD analysis showed the micromorphological crystalline structure and enhanced decomposition of the substrate mixture during vermicomposting process. As a whole, the end vermicompost product was found to be much stable and mature for agronomic use.
Size Attenuated Copper Doped Zirconia Nanoparticles Enhances in Vitro Antimicrobial Properties
Authors: S Nishakavya , Girigoswami Agnishwar , R Deepa , A Divya , S Ajith , Girigoswami Koyeli 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Biofilm formation hinders the activity of antimicrobial drugs at the site of infections and any agent that can act on both Gram- positive and Gram- bacteria by inhibiting the bacterial growth and rupture the biofilm is needed for the management of infection. In the present study, we have synthesized ZrO2 NPs and copper doped zirconia nanoparticles (Cu-ZrO2 NPs) and characterized them using dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The size of the Cu-ZrO2 NPs drastically reduced compared to ZrO2 NPs and the antimicrobial activity was studied against Gram- positive bacteria (Lactobacillus sp.) and Gram- negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa), respectively. The synthesized Cu-ZrO2 NPs showed superior inhibitory action against Lactobacillus sp. compared to ZrO2 NPs, due to the negatively charged cell wall of Lactobacillus sp. which could attract readily the positively charged Cu-ZrO2 NPs, thereby inhibiting its activity. The biocompatibility was tested using XTT assay in FL cells and the results demonstrated that Cu-ZrO2 NPs were non- toxic to mammalian cells. Hence, it could be proposed that the synthesized Cu-ZrO2 NPs possess possible biomedical applications and can be used as antibacterial agents without causing toxicity in mammalian cells.
Construction of immune-related lncRNA signature to predict aggressiveness, immune landscape, and drug resistance of colorectal cancer
Authors: Xue Yonggan , Ning Bobin , Liu Hongyi , JIa Baoqing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most common malignancies across the world, threatening almost millions of lives every year and increasingly adding the social-economical burden. Thus far, a biomarker, which can comprehensively predict the survival outcomes, clinical characteristics, and therapeutic sensitivity, is still lacking.
Results

This study established a pair-risk model, together with, an exp-risk model to predict biological characteristics of CRC based on immune-related lncRNA (irlncRNA) expression patterns. We retrieved transcriptomic data of CRC, including 473 tumor samples and 41 normal samples, and identified 739 irlncRNA through co-expression analysis, and constructed irlncRNA pairs. After integrating with clinical survival data, we established an 11 irlncRNA pairs signature using Lasso regression analysis. We next drew the 1-, 5-, 10-year curve line of receiver operating characteristic (ROC), calculated the areas under the curve (AUC), and recognized the optimal cutoff point. Patients with CRC were stratified into high- and low-risk groups based on the optimal cutoff value. Then, we validated the pair-risk model in terms of the survival outcomes of the patients. Moreover, we tested the reliability of the pair-risk model for predicting tumor aggressiveness and therapeutic responsiveness of CRC. Additionally, we reemployed the 11 of irlncRNAs involved in the pair-risk model to constructed an expression risk model that was also highly predictive of prognostic outcomes of CRC patients. Importantly, combining the pair-risk model and exp-risk model yielded a more robust approach for predicting the survival outcomes of patients with CRC.
Conclusions

We suggest that the irlncRNA-based risk models can be utilized as prognostic tools to predict survival outcomes and clinical characteristics and guide treatment regimens of CRC.
Genome Mining Discovery of Hydrogen Production Pathway of Klebsiella sp. WL1316 Fermenting Cotton Stalk Hydrolysate
Authors: Li Yanbin , Zhang Qin , Liu Zhanwen , Jiang Hui , Jia Qinghua 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Genome sequencing was used to identify key genes for the generation of hydrogen gas through cotton stalk hydrolysate fermentation by Klebsiella sp. WL1316. Genome annotation indicated that the genome size was 5.2 Mb with GC content 57.6%. Xylose was metabolised in the pentose phosphate pathway via the conversion of xylose to xylulose in Klebsiella sp. WL1316. This strain contained diverse formate-hydrogen lyases and hydrogenases with gene numbers higher than closely related species. A metabolic network involving glucose, xylose utilisation, and fermentative hydrogen production was reconstructed. Metabolic analysis of key node metabolites showed that glucose and xylose metabolism influenced biomass synthesis and biohydrogen production. Formic acid accumulated during fermentation at 24–48 h but decreased sharply after 48 h, illustrating the splitting of formic acid to hydrogen gas during early-to-mid fermentation. The Kreb’s cycle was the main competitive metabolic branch of biohydrogen synthesis at 24 h of fermentation. Lactic and acetic acid fermentation and late ethanol accumulation competed the carbon skeleton of biohydrogen synthesis after 72 h of fermentation, indicating that these competitive pathways are regulated in middle-to-late fermentation (48–96 h). This study is the first to elucidate the metabolic mechanisms of mixed sugar utilisation and biohydrogen synthesis based on genomic information.
Mechanistically Informed Non-invasive Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for Peripheral Neuropathic Pain: a Randomised Double-blind Sham-controlled Trial.
Authors: johnson selina , Marshall Anne , Hughes Dyfrig , Holmes Emily , Henrich Florian , Nurmikko Turo , Sharma Manohar , Frank Bernhard , Bassett Paul , Marshall Andrew , Magerl Walter , Goebel Andreas 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Induction of long-term synaptic depression (LTD) is proposed as a treatment mechanism for chronic pain but remains untested in clinical populations. Two interlinked studies; 1. A patient-assessor blinded, randomised, sham-controlled clinical trial and 2. an open-label mechanistic study, sought to examine therapeutic LTD for persons with chronic peripheral nerve injury pain. Methods: 1. Patients were randomised using a concealed, computer-generated schedule to either active or sham non-invasive low-frequency nerve stimulation (LFS), for 3 months (minimum 10 mins/day). The primary outcome was average pain intensity (0-10 Likert scale) recorded over one week, at three months, compared between study groups. 2. On trial completion, consenting subjects entered a mechanistic study assessing somatosensory changes in response to LFS. Results: 1. 76 patients were randomised (38 per group), with 65 (31 active, 34 sham) included in the intention to treat analysis. The primary outcome was not significant, pain scores were 0·3 units lower in active group (95% CI -1·0, 0·3; p=0·30) giving an effect size of 0·19 (Cohen’s D). Two non-device related serious adverse events were reported. 2. In the mechanistic study (n=19) primary outcomes of mechanical pain sensitivity (p=0.006) and dynamic mechanical allodynia (p=0.043) significantly improved indicating reduced mechanical hyperalgesia. Conclusions: Results from the RCT failed to reach significance. Results from the mechanistic study provide new evidence for effective induction of LTD in a clinical population. Taken together results add to mechanistic understanding of LTD and help inform future study design and approaches to treatment. Funding: National Institute for Health Research. ISRCTN53432663
PGRMC1-dependent lipophagy promotes ferroptosis in paclitaxel-tolerant persister cancer cells
Authors: You Ji Hyeon , Lee Jaewang , Roh Jong-Lyel 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background

Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) is a heme-binding protein inducing dimerization with cytochrome P450, which mediates chemoresistance. Increased PGRMC1 expression is found in multiple types of resistant cancers but the role of PGRMC1 in ferroptosis of cancer cells remains unrevealed. Therefore, we examined the role of PGRMC1 in promoting ferroptosis in paclitaxel-tolerant persister cancer cells (PCC).
Methods

The effects of ferroptosis inducers and PGRMC1 gene silencing/overexpression were tested on head and neck cancer (HNC) cell lines and mouse tumor xenograft models. The effects were analyzed about cell viability, death, lipid ROS and iron production, mRNA/protein expression and interaction, and lipid assays.
Results

PCC had more free fatty acids, lipid droplets, and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) than their parental cells. PCC was highly sensitive to inhibitors of system xc− cystine/glutamate antiporter (xCT), such as erastin, sulfasalazine, and cyst(e)ine deprivation, but less sensitive to (1S,3R)-RSL3. PGRMC1 silencing in PCC reduced ferroptosis sensitivity by xCT inhibitors and PGRMC1 overexpression in parental cells increased ferroptosis by xCT inhibitors. Lipid droplets were degraded along with autophagy induction and autophagosome formation by erastin treatment in PCC. Lipophagy was accompanied by increased tubulin detyrosination, which was increased by SIRT1 activation but decreased by SIRT1 inhibition. FAO and lipophagy were also promoted by the interaction between lipid droplets and mitochondria.
Conclusion

PGRMC1 expression increased FAO and ferroptosis sensitivity from in vivo mice experiments. Our data suggest that PGRMC1 promotes ferroptosis by xCT inhibition in PCC.
A Clinical Study of A CD44v6-targeted Fluorescent Agent for the Detection of Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Shang Wenting , Peng Li , He Kunshan , Guo Pengyu , Deng Han , Liu Yu , Chen Ziyin , Tian Jie , Xu Wanhai 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Bladder cancer is the fifth most common malignancy in humans. Cystoscopy under white light imaging is the gold standard for bladder cancer diagnosis, but some tumors are difficult to visualize and can be overlooked, resulting in high recurrence rates.
Method:
We developed a phage display-derived peptide-based near-infrared imaging probe, PLSWT7-DMI, which binds specifically to bladder cancer cells and is nontoxic to animals. Here, we report a clinical research of this probe for near-infrared fluorescence endoscopic detection of bladder cancer.
Results
The purity, efficacy, safety, and nontoxicity of PLSWT7-DMI were confirmed prior to its clinical application. Twenty-two patients diagnosed with suspected non-muscle invasive bladder cancer were enrolled in the present study. Following intravesical administration of the probe, the entire mucosa was imaged under white and near-infrared imaging using an in-house developed endoscope that could switch between these two modes. The illuminated lesions under near-infrared light were biopsied and sent for histopathological examination. We observed a 5.1-fold increase in the fluorescence intensity in the tumor samples compared to normal tissue, and the probe demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 91.2% and 90%, respectively. Common diagnostic challenges, such as small satellite tumors, carcinoma in situ, and benign suspicious mucosa, were visualized and could be distinguished from cancer. Further, no adverse effects were observed in humans.
Conclusion
These first-in-human results indicate that PLSWT7-DMI-based near-infrared fluorescence endoscopy is a safe and effective approach for the improved detection of bladder cancer, and may enable thorough resection to prevent recurrence.
Impact of Home Healthcare on End-of-life Outcomes for People With Dementia: a Systematic Review
Authors: Chen Ping-Jen , Smits Lisanne , Miranda Rose , Liao Jung-Yu , Petersen Irene , Block Lieve Van den , Sampson Elizabeth L 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Home healthcare (HHC) may reduce acute hospital utilization, but its effect on homebound people living with dementia (PLWD) at end-of-life remains unclear. We aim to describe the impact of HHC on acute healthcare utilization and end-of-life outcomes in PLWD.Methods: Design: A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies regarding the association between HHC (exposure) and targeted outcomes. Interventions: HHC provided by health care professionals, including physicians or nurses. Participants: At least 80% of study participants had dementia and lived at home. Measurements: Primary outcome was acute healthcare utilization in the last year of life. Secondary outcomes included palliative care use, advance care planning (ACP), continuity of care in the last year of life, and place of death. We identified contextual information about policy changes in HHC for these outcomes.Results: We included five studies from USA, Japan, and Italy, none of which received a high-quality rating. At micro-level, HHC may be associated with a lower risk of acute healthcare utilization in the early period (e.g., last 90 days before death) and a higher risk in the late period (e.g. last 15 days) of the disease trajectory toward end-of-life in PLWD. ACP with written decisions may be an important mediator of this. HHC increases referrals to palliative care. At meso-level, HHC providers’ difficulty in making treatment decisions for PLWD at the end-of-life may require further training and external support. Coordination between HHC and social care is mentioned but not well examined in the existing literature.Conclusions: The review highlights the dearth of dementia-specific research regarding the impact of HHC on end-of-life outcomes. In PLWD, the core components of HHC for achieving better quality end-of-life, the integration between health and social care, and coordination between primary HHC and palliative care should be further investigated in future studies.
Dosimetric Analysis of Patients Receiving Radiotherapy with VMAT Technique in Localized Prostate Cancer and Its Correlation with Side Effects
Authors: Akay Sıtkı Utku , Çetin İlknur Alsan , Bekiroğlu Gülnaz Nural 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Aim: It is aimed whether there is a relationship between dosimetric data of localized prostate cancer patients who have been treated with curative radiotherapy and gastrointestinal (GIS), genitourinary (GUS), anal and sexual side effects and whether there is a difference between dosimetric data and clinical findings between risk groups. Method : Eighty-seven patients who received curative radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer between 2014 - 2019 were included in the study. Dosimetrically; whether there was a relationship between V30, V40, V50, V60, V65, V70, V75 for rectum and bladder; D90 for the penile bulb, V72, V74, V76 for the bulbomembranous urethra, V30, V45, V53, Dmax for the anus and V45 (cc) for the intestine data and the side effects was analyzed. It was evaluated whether there was a relationship between testosterone values and sexual side effects. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, One Way ANOVA (F-test), and paired-sample T-test were used as statistical methods. For statistical significance, p <0.05 was accepted. Results : The mean age of the patients was 69 (50-86), the mean PSA (ng/dl) before RT was 25.1 (0.9-339), the median RT dose was 76 Gy (74-78 Gy), and the mean follow-up period was 38.2 months. PTVmax, PTVmean, PTVmin, bladder V40, bladder V50, rectum V30, rectum V40, rectum V50 and intestinal V45 (cc) were determined as dosimetric data showing differences between risk groups. A statistically significant relationship was found between rectum V30 (p = 0.017), V60 (p = 0.019), V65 (p = 0.008), V70 (p = 0.007) and V75 (p = 0.034) and chronic GIS side effects. G2 GIS side effects were observed in 4 patients (4.6%) in the entire patient group in the acute period. A statistically significant relationship was found between the patients receiving hormonotherapy (p = 0.021) and testosterone values ​​at the last control (p = <0.001) and chronic sexual side effects. Conclusion: Attention should be paid to the rectum V30, V60, V65, V70, and V75 values to minimize the long-term GIS side effects of patients who have undergone RT. Testosterone level and HT status affect chronic sexual toxicity.
Nobiletin Protects Against Diabetes-induced Testicular Injury via Hypophysis-gonadal Axis Up-regulation and Amelioration of Oxidative Stress
Authors: Salah Marwa , Ismail Khadiga Ahmed , khadrawy sally mostafa 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Testicular injury is one of the most serious problems of Diabetes mellitus. The present study aims to compare the effect of two different doses of nobiletin and the probable mechanisms against diabetes-induced testicular impairment in rats. Methods and Results: Streptozotocin injection was used to induce diabetes. Diabetic rats received nobiletin (10 mg/kg) or (25 mg/kg) daily and orally for 30 days. Diabetic rats displayed a significant elevation in glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Levels of serum insulin, testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were significantly reduced. Histological changes with positive caspase-3 and decreased Androgen receptors (AR) immunoexpressions were observed in diabetic rats. Both doses of nobiletin improved hyperglycemia, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, and augmented insulin, testosterone, LH, and FSH levels. Gene and protein manifestation of LH and FSH receptors and cytochrome P450 17 α-hydroxylase (CYP17A1) was markedly down-regulated in testicular tissues of diabetic group, an effect which was markedly increased with both doses of nobiletin. In addition, both doses significantly reduced lipid peroxidation, and caspase-3 immuno-expression and improved the activity of the antioxidant enzymes and AR in testicular tissues of diabetic group. Conclusion: Both doses showed protective effects against diabetes-induced testicular injury by diminution of oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, inflammation, caspase-3 and up-regulation of the hypophysis-gonadal axis and androgen receptors. The high dose of nobiletin was more effective than the lower dose.