bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of bariatric surgery in health outcomes and health care costs in Brazil: Interrupted time series analysis of multi-panel data
Authors: Turri Jose Antonio Orellana , Anokye Nana Kwame , Santos Lionai Lima dos , Júnior José Maria Soares , Baraccat Edmund Chada , Santo Marco Aurélio , Sarti Flávia Mori 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The increasing burden of obesity generates significant socioeconomic impacts for individuals, populations, and national health systems worldwide. The literature on impacts and cost-effectiveness of obesity-related interventions for prevention and treatment of moderate to severe obesity indicate that bariatric surgery presents high costs associated with high effectiveness in improving health status referring to certain outcomes; however, there is a lack of robust evidence at an individual-level estimation of its impacts on multiple health outcomes related to obesity comorbidities.Methods: The study encompasses a single-centre retrospective longitudinal analysis of patient-level data using micro-costing technique to estimate direct health care costs with cost-effectiveness for multiple health outcomes pre-and post-bariatric surgery. Data from 114 patients who had bariatric surgery at the Hospital of Clinics of the University of Sao Paulo during 2018 were investigated through interrupted time-series analysis with generalised estimating equations and marginal effects, including information on patients' characteristics, lifestyle, anthropometric measures, hemodynamic measures, biochemical exams, and utilisation of health care resources during screening (180 days before) and follow-up (180 days after) of bariatric surgery.Results: The preliminary statistical analysis showed that health outcomes presented improvement, except cholesterol and VLDL, and overall direct health care costs increased after the intervention. However, interrupted time series analysis showed that the rise in health care costs is attributable to the high cost of bariatric surgery, followed by a statistically significant decrease in post-intervention health care costs. Changes in health outcomes were also statistically significant in general, except in cholesterol and LDL, leading to significant improvements in patients' health status after the intervention.Conclusions: Trends multiple health outcomes showed statistically significant improvements in patients' health status post-intervention compared to trends pre-intervention, resulting in reduced direct health care costs and the burden of obesity.
Genetic Mapping of Mitochondrial Sorting of the MSC3 Mosaic Mutant of Cucumber
Authors: Wallace Lyle T. , Havey Michael J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Passage of the highly inbred line ‘B’ of cucumber through cell cultures has produced regenerated plants with a mosaic (MSC) phenotype on cotyledons and leaves, as well as rearrangements in the mitochondrial DNA. Both of these characteristics show paternal transmission. MSC3 and MSC16 were derived from independent cell-culture experiments and have distinct mosaic phenotypes and different under-represented regions in their mitochondrial DNAs. A nuclear locus, Psm for paternal transmission of mitochondria, conditions a high proportion of wild type progenies when MSC16 is crossed as the male with female plants carrying the Psm- allele. Plants with homozygous genotypes at Psm were crossed with both MSC3 and MSC16, and segregation of wild-type versus mosaic progenies in these families were not consistent suggesting that sorting of wild-type progenies from crosses with MSC3 and MSC16 have different genetic bases. We identified cucumber plants that produced a high proportion of wild-type progenies in crosses with MSC3 as the male parent. Plants from a segregating F2 family were crossed with MSC3 as the male and progenies scored for numbers of mosaic versus wild-type progenies. The same F2 plants were genotyped-by-sequencing and single nucleotide polymorphisms identified for genetic mapping. Quantitative analysis of the proportion of wild-type testcross progenies identified a major quantitative trait locus (QTL) in the same genomic region as the Psm locus; however the most significant SNP associated with this QTL was located approximately 856 kilobases from Psm. Eventual identification of a candidate gene controlling this unique mitochondrial sorting in cucumber should reveal important aspects of mitochondrial-nuclear interactions affecting the prevalence of specific mitochondrial DNAs.
A Study of Dry Spells in Iran Based on Satellite Data and Their Relationship With ENSO
Authors: Rezaei Mohammad , Rousi Efi , Ghasemifar Elham , Sadeghi Ali 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The study of Maximum number of Consecutive Dry Days (MCDDs) is one approach to analyse precipitation behavior in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran. This study is a first attempt to investigate the MCDDs and their relationship with the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in winter months over Iran. The study was carried out using Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite data on a daily basis at 1° latitude × 1° longitude spatial resolution and reanalysis data for the period 1998-2019. Results showed that the highest values of MCDDs are observed in southeastern Iran and the lowest in northwestern Iran. Based on the coefficients of the linear trend of the MCDDs, the significant increasing trends are remarkably more abundant than declining trends, especially in the northern half of the country in December and January. The results regarding the relationship between ENSO and MCDDs indicated a non-stationary behavior, with significant negative correlation for December (especially in southwest) and positive correlation for January and February (especially in southeast). The largest differences in the correlation coefficients were observed between December and January. In general, during El Niño (La Niña) phases, the length of MCDDs decreases (increases) in December and increases (decreases) in January especially in the southern half. By comparing different large-scale climate parameters for the two months, we found that during El Niño (La Niña) phases, a negative (positive) anomaly of geopotential height, and a positive (negative) anomaly of zonal wind and specific humidity are observed over the region in December, while the opposite situation occurs in January. The innovation of this study is the use of satellite data that provide a continuous spatial coverage of the region and the consideration of the ENSO teleconnection pattern in regards to dry spells. We find that El Niño (La Niña) has contradictory effects on MCDDs in different winter months in the southern half of the country. These findings are of great importance for a country like Iran that lies in arid and semi-arid regions, as they can be useful for water resources management.
Sonographic Evaluation of the Degree of Medial Meniscal Extrusion During Thessaly Test in Healthy Knees
Authors: Cho Chin-Suk , Tollefson Lauren , Reckelhoff Kenneth 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveThe Thessaly test is a commonly used orthopedic test for meniscus tear evaluation. The study’s objective is to evaluate the degree of medial meniscal extrusion during different loading phases of the Thessaly test. MethodsA convenience sample of 60 healthy knees (35 participants) was examined. Sonographic measurement of the degree of physiologic extrusion of the medial meniscus deep to the medial collateral ligament was taken by two examiners at six different loading phases: supine, standing, 5° knee-flexion with internal (IR)/external (ER) rotation and 20° knee-flexion with IR/ER. The difference in meniscal extrusion by knee position was compared with ANOVA. Interrater reliability assessment was analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficient. ResultsThe mean meniscal extrusion for each position was - supine: 2.3±0.5mm, standing: 2.8±0.8mm, 5° IR: 2.3±0.9mm, 5° ER: 2.4±0.7mm, 20° IR: 1.9±0.8mm, and 20° ER: 2.3±0.7mm. Significant increase in extrusion was observed from supine to standing (p<0.05) and from 20° IR to 20° ER (p=0.015). Significant decreased measurement was observed from standing to 5° IR (p<0.05), 5° ER (p<0.05), 20° IR (p<0.05) and 20° ER (p<0.05). There is no significant change between 5° IR and 5° ER (p=1.0). Interrater reliability of the measurements across the six positions was poor to moderate (0.35-0.57, p<0.05). ConclusionOur study’s novel findings showed clear dynamic changes during Thessaly test, which implies increase in compressive stress across the medial meniscus and a potential mechanism for pain generation during this test. Further testing is needed to address the poor-moderate reliability and confirm findings.
Effects of Using an Abdominal Simulator to Develop Palpatory Competencies in 3rd Year Medical Students.
Authors: Hamm Robert M. , Kelley David M. , Medina Jose A , Syed Noreen S. , Harris Geraint A. , Papa Frank J. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background. US medical students seldom practice enough on patients to master the palpation skills of the physical examination of the abdomen. We evaluated the impact of extended practice with an abdominal simulator which provides concurrent and summative feedback on the appropriate depth of palpation and coverage of relevant areas. Methods. All third-year medical students were given the opportunity to study with the AbSim simulator during the family medicine rotation. The competence of those who studied with the simulator was measured by its sensors, before and after a training session that included visual feedback regarding the depth and coverage of the student’s manual pressure. Additionally, they reported their confidence in their abdominal examination skill at the beginning and end of the rotation. Results. 119 (86.9%) of 137 students filled out the initial questionnaire, and 73 (61.3%) studied the tutorial. Pre-training competence was predictable by gender, but not by month of third year nor by previous surgery or internal medicine rotations. There was little relation between students’ confidence in their abdominal examination skills and their measured competence. The simulator training had a highly significant effect, improving overall competence (4 measures, all p’s < 0.001). Conclusions. A tutorial using an abdominal simulator increased medical students’ competency examining the abdomen, both the depth of palpation and the thoroughness of coverage. Interpretation of changes in confidence are uncertain, because confidence was unrelated to objectively measured competence, although low initial confidence did influence student choice to study with the abdominal simulator.
Development and Utilization of the Functional Co-dominant KASP Marker for Thermo-sensitive Genic Male Sterility in Rice
Authors: Qi Yongbin , Wang LinYou , Song Jian , Ma Guohua , Wang Jianjun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Thermos-sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) is the important genetic resource in two-line hybrid rice breeding. The pollen fertility of TGMS lines is regulated by a single point mutation on the TGMS genes. Based on the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and indel, KASP markers were developed and utilized in rice molecular breeding due to high-through detection with low cost and save time. In this study, we convert the SNPs on TGMS genes including p/tms12-1 and tms9-1 gene to the functional co-dominant KASP marker and used in two-line hybrid rice breeding. We can differentiate the TGMS lines conferring p/tms12-1 or tms9-1 from another TGMS lines by KASP assay. Of them, the genotype of Pei'ai64S and Hua201S containing p/tms12-1 is homozygous GG genotype with blue signal, and the genotype of HengnongS-1 containing tms9-1 is homozygous CC genotype with red signal. KASP assay for tms9-1 gene was proved that the genetic mode is fit to one recessive Mendalian trait. The test of seed purity was performed by KASP marker for the two-line hybrid varieties of Liangyoupeijiu and Hualiangyou1206, which is consistent with the previous dCAPS marker. Moreover, the tms12-1 and tms9-1 gene were pyramided in the same genetic background and the new TGMS lines were generated. Therefore, the KASP marker for TGMS genes developed in this study can be widely used in two-line hybrid rice breeding. It will provide a visual convenient toolkit for breeders to select the target individual plant by the high-throughput detection in the different two-line rice breeding program.
Successful Treatment of an Adult Diffuse Midline Glioma With Olaparib Combined With Bevacizumab
Authors: Wang Yong , Xu Jun , Luo Ningning , Qi Chuang , Tao Rongjie 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs), characterized by malignant, fast growing and carrying a poor prognosis, are a rare subtype of glial tumor. Majority of DMGs harboring H3 K27-mutation are a novel entity with a worse prognosis and are categorized as a grade IV glioma. Histone-mutated DMGs characterized by a midline location occur more commonly in children and less frequently in adults. Considering the treatment is limited in DMG, the need for effective therapeutic strategies is urgent. Olaparib is one of Poly-ADP-Ribose Polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and has been reported in inhibiting glioma in some preclinical trials and clinical trial in glioblastoma. Olaparib plus bevacizumab have been successfully used in ovarian cancer. However, the olaparib application in DMGs has not been reported yet. Herein, we firstly reported that an adult DMG patient benefited from olaparib combined with bevacizumab. This report provides a promising treatment option for DMG patients.
Study of the Implementation of Fibrous Materials and Earth in Hollow Body Slab in Reinforced Concrete: Case of Laterite, Borassus Aethiopum and Calamus Deerratus Woods
Authors: Agossou Yemalin Daniel , Ekpo Thomas Dèkandji , Boissiere Rémi , Adjovi Edmond Codjo , Chabi Edem , Amadji T. Armel , Khelil Abdelouahab 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This work enrolls in the context of eco materials. It concerns the field of transformation of local shrub forest resources and lateritic earth with low market values into building materials and is developing a process for the valorization of lateritic nodules, Borassus aethiopum (palmyra) and Calamus deerratus (rattan) in the engineering of modern reinforced concrete structures. The objective of this process is to promote the rational use of these local materials in the realization of the floors of social housing. Experimental studies of physical and mechanical characterizations of the lateritic concrete formulated, of the palmyra and rattan woods were carried out. Through tests of tearing and sliding of the interface between normal concrete and laterite concrete (push-out tests), it has been highlighted the adhesion of palmyra wood to concrete and the contribution of rattan lianas to oppose the longitudinal sliding of the interface between two concretes of different nature. The case study of a hollow body slab in mixed concrete (normal and laterite concrete) reinforced with palmyra and rattan woods, showed the structural effectiveness of lateritic earth, of palmyra and rattan woods in the realization of social housing modern slads with a range of up to 5 meters.
Close to the Madding Crowd: How Resilient are Imperilled Mediterranean Urban Wetlands?
Authors: Aouadi Abdallah , Samraoui Farrah , Touati Laid , Nedjah Riad , Souiki Lynda , Samraoui Boudjéma 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Investigating how Mediterranean wetlands respond to adjacent land use conversion, is an important first step in mitigating the impact of human encroachment and other environmental stressors. We monitored the composition and structure of waterbird assemblages, in a Mediterranean urban marsh, subjected to severe anthropogenic pressures. Remote sensing indicated that in the last two decades Boussedra Pond was subjected to landfill, resulting in a substantial reduction (~ 50%) of the marsh, while due to a lack of urban planning urban built-up and agriculture areas expanded considerably in its surroundings. Seasonal changes in the diversity of waterbirds, including the globally Endangered (EN) White-headed Duck Oxyura leucocephala and the Near-Threatened (NT) Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca, reflected the importance of the site as a staging and wintering area for many migratory species. The long-term study also suggested that breeding waterbirds species respond differentially to the loss and degradation of habitats, as highlighted by the resilience of the synanthropic Moorhen Gallinula chloropus and the disappearance of several breeding marsh specialists, like the Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus and the Western Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus. The study points out the need for both a coordinated cross-sectorial land use planning and an immediate, affordable and sustainable wetland conservation action.
Acute effects of coffee on neurocognitive function: an electroencephalography network analysis
Authors: Kim Hayom , Kang Sung Hoon , Kim Soon Ho , Kim Seong Hwan , Hwang Jihyeon , Kim Jae-Gyum , Han Kyungreem , Kim Jung Bin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the mechanisms underlying effects of coffee on cognition in the context of brain networks. Here we investigated functional connectivity before and after drinking coffee using graph theoretical analysis of electroencephalography (EEG). Twenty-one healthy adults voluntarily participated in this study. The neuropsychological tests were consecutively performed at the start of the EEG recording and 30 min after coffee consumption. Graph analyses were performed and compared before and after coffee consumption. Correlation analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between changes in graph measures and those in cognitive function tests. FC was reorganized toward more efficient network properties after coffee consumption. Performance in Digit Span tests and Trail Making Test Part B improved after coffee consumption, and the improved performance in executive function was correlated with changes in graph measures, reflecting a shift toward efficient network properties. The beneficial effects of coffee on cognitive function might be attributed to the reorganization of FC toward more efficient network properties. Based on our findings, the patterns of network reorganization could be used as quantitative markers to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of coffee on cognition, especially executive function.
Antifungal activity of camphor against four phytopathogens of Fusarium
Authors: Huo Huanran , Gu Yan , Cao Yueqin , Liu Na , Jia Pengfei , Kong Weibao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Fusarium, one of the main fungal pathogens, can infect field crops and cause great economic loss. This paper concerns a research on the antifungal activity of camphor. In our study, an assessment was made on the antifungal activity of camphor against four common phytopathogens: Fusarium oxysporum G5, F. solani G9, F. verticillioide, and F. graminearum. The method adopted was mycelial growth inhibition. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of camphor against the four tested fungi were 4.0, 4.0, 4.0, and 2.0 mg/mL, and the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, and 1.0 mg/mL, respectively. The paper proper also involves an investigation the, fungicidal mechanisms via cell membrane permeability, proteins and nucleic acids leakage and scanning electron microscopy. The results of preliminary antifungal mechanism revealed that camphor can cause cytomembrane destruction, enhancing the permeability of cytomembrane and releasing intracellular macromolecules, such as nucleic acids and proteins. Supposedly, the results suggested that the cytomembrane may be the target of camphor. In addition, these outcomes indicated that camphor can exhibit pronounced fungicidal activities against the four tested fungi and could be a promising alternative for the control of phytopathogenic Fusarium.
Global heating of Jupiter's upper atmosphere by auroral energy circulation
Authors: O'Donoghue James , Moore Luke , Bhakyapaibul Tanapat , Melin Henrik , Stallard Tom , Connerney John , Tao Chihiro 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Giant planet upper atmospheres have long been observed to be significantly hotter than expected. Magnetosphere-atmosphere coupling processes give rise to auroral emissions and enormous energy deposition near the magnetic poles, explaining high temperatures for narrow regions of the planet. However, global circulation models have difficulty redistributing auroral energy globally due to the strong Coriolis forces and ion drag. Heating by solar photons is insufficient at giant planets, and yet other proposed processes, such as heating by waves originating from the lower atmosphere, also fail to explain the warm equatorial temperature. There remains no self-consistent explanation for measured non-auroral temperatures at present, mostly due to a lack of definitive observational constraints. Here, using high-resolution maps capable of tracing global temperature gradients at Jupiter, we show that upper-atmosphere temperatures decrease steadily from the aurora to the equator. During a period of enhanced auroral activity, likely driven by a coincident solar wind compression event, we also find a global increase in temperature accompanied by a high temperature planetary-scale structure that appears to emanate from the auroral region. These observations indicate that Jupiter's upper atmosphere is predominantly heated via the redistribution of auroral energy.
When style matters: visual exploration is low dimensional and driven by intrinsic dynamics.
Authors: Zangrossi Andrea , Cona Giorgia , Celli Miriam , Zorzi Marco , Corbetta Maurizio 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
It is often assumed that we look at objects that are salient and behaviorally relevant, and that we pay attention differently depending on individual genetics, development, and experience. This view should imply high interindividual variability in eye movements. Conversely, we show that 60% of eye movements variance of more than a hundred observers looking at hundreds of different visual scenes could be summarized by a few components. The first component was not related to image-specific information and identified two kinds of observers during visual exploration: "static" and "dynamic". These viewing styles were accurately identifiable even when observers looked at a blank screen and were described by the degree of similarity to a power-law distribution of eye movements, which is thought to be a measure of intrinsic dynamics. This suggests that eye movements during visual exploration of real-world scenes are relatively independent of the visual content and may underlie intrinsic dynamics.