bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ReStOre@Home: Feasibility study of a virtually delivered 12-week multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme for survivors of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancer - study protocol
Authors: O'Neill Linda , Guinan Emer , Brennan Louise , Doyle Suzanne L. , O'Connor Louise , Sheill Grainne , Smyth Emily , Fairman Ciaran M. , Segurado Ricardo , Connolly Deirdre , O'Sullivan Jacintha , Reynolds John V. , Hussey Juliette 
Published: May 2021

Background: Exercise rehabilitation programmes, traditionally involving supervised exercise sessions, have had to rapidly adapt to virtual delivery in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to minimise patient contacts. In the absence of an effective vaccine, the pandemic is likely to persist in the medium term and during this time it is important that the feasibility and effectiveness of remote solutions is considered. We have previously established the feasibility of the Rehabilitation Strategies following Oesophago-gastric Cancer (ReStOre) intervention - a face to face multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme for upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancer survivors. This study will examine the feasibility of a virtually delivered 12-week multi-component ReStOre@Home programme. Methods: This single arm feasibility study will recruit 12 patients who have completed curative treatment for oesophago-gastric cancer. Participants will complete the 12-week ReStOre@Home programme consisting of exercise (aerobic and resistance training), 1:1 dietary counselling and group education sessions through virtual delivery. Underpinned by the Medical Research Council (MRC) Framework, feasibility will be determined by recruitment rates, adherence, retention, incidents, and acceptability. Acceptability will be assessed qualitatively through post-intervention interview and the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire. Secondary outcomes will be assessed pre and post-intervention and will include measures of physical performance (cardiopulmonary exercise test, short physical performance battery, hand grip strength, Godin Leisure Time Questionnaire, and body composition), health related quality of life (European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30) and oesophago-gastric cancer specific subscale (EORTC-QLQ-OG25), fatigue (Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20), and venous blood samples will be collected for the UGI Cancer Survivorship Biobank. Discussion: The ReStOre@Home feasibility study will provide important data regarding the amenability of a multidisciplinary programme designed for UGI cancer survivors to virtual delivery. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04603339 (26/10/2020)
The effect of exercise interventions on inflammatory markers in major depressive disorder: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Grunberg Diana , Martin Jason A. , Cryan John F. , O’Halloran Ken D. , Kelleher Eric , Dinan Timothy G. , Clarke Gerard 
Published: May 2021

Background:Depression currently affects 4.4% of the global population, and 93.7% of this population suffer from major depressive disorder (MDD) according to 2017 statistics. MDD patients are more likely to suffer from co-morbidities such as cardiovascular disease and high body mass index (BMI), thus contributing to its large cost to society. Throughout the literature, there are known links between inflammation and MDD. Interestingly, while exercise is considered a promising intervention for MDD, the mechanism(s) of action remain unclear, thereby preventing the creation of optimal, cost-saving, exercise “prescriptions” for those with MDD.Thus, the aim of this review and meta-analysis is to summarize and analyse the current literature exploring how quantified exercise interventions modulate inflammatory molecules in MDD patients.Methods:Electronic databases (APA PsycINFO, and PubMed/MEDLINE (EBSCO interface), EMBASE) will be searched using a detailed search strategy comprised of three search term themes: exercise, depression/MDD, and inflammation/inflammatory molecules. Only quantified exercise interventions performed in adult humans with MDD validated via a recognized diagnostic criterion will be included. Studies should also include a MDD control group and explore changes in inflammatory molecules. Examples of these molecules include: C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), homocysteine, d-dimer and myeloperoxidase (MPO). After eligible studies are identified, standardized data extraction will be employed and the risk of bias in each study will be appraised using the Cochrane handbook checklists. In the event of two or more homogenous studies exploring exercise effects over a similar period of time, raw mean differences or standardized mean differences will be pooled using random effects analysis. This systematic review and meta-analysis will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.Dissemination:This systematic review and meta-analysis will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals.PROSPERO registration:CRD42020186006 (31/08/2020)
Plasmids conferring resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactamases including a rare IncN+IncR multireplicon carrying blaCTX-M-1 in Escherichia coli recovered from migrating barnacle geese (Branta leucopsis)
Authors: Kurittu Paula , Khakipoor Banafsheh , Brouwer Michael S.M. , Heikinheimo Annamari 
Published: May 2021

Background:Increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat and wild migratory birds may act as mediators of resistant bacteria across country borders. Our objective was to study extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmid-encoded AmpC (pAmpC) producingEscherichia coliin barnacle geese using whole genome sequencing (WGS) and to identify plasmids harboringblagenes.Methods:Barnacle geese feces (n=200) were collected during fall 2017 and spring 2018 from an urban area in Helsinki, Finland. ESBL/AmpC-producingE. coliwere recovered from nine samples (4.5%) and isolates were subjected to WGS on both short- and long-read sequencers, enabling hybrid assembly and determination of the genomic location ofblagenes.Results:A rare multireplicon IncN+IncR was recovered from one isolate carryingblaCTX-M-1in addition toaadA2b,lnu(F), andqnrS1. Moreover, rarely detected IncY plasmids in two isolates were found to harbor multiple resistance genes in addition to the human-associatedblaCTX-M-15. Poultry-associatedblaCMY-2was identified from the widely distributed IncI1 and IncK plasmids from four different isolates. One isolate harbored an IncI1 plasmid withblaCTX-M-1andflor. A chromosomal point mutation in the AmpC promoter was identified in one of the isolates. WGS analysis showed isolates carried multiple resistance and virulence genes and harbored multiple different plasmid replicons in addition tobla-carrying plasmids.Conclusions:Our findings suggest that wild migratory birds serve as a limited source of ESBL/AmpC-producingE. coliand may act as disseminators of the epidemic plasmid types IncI1 and IncK but also rarely detected plasmid types carrying multidrug resistance. Human and livestock-associated ESBL enzyme types were recovered from samples, suggesting a potential for interspecies transmission. WGS offers a thorough method for studying AMR from different sources and should be implemented more widely in the future for AMR surveillance and detection. Understanding plasmid epidemiology is vital for efforts to mitigate global AMR spread.
Development of a patient reported outcome questionnaire to measure the impact of postpartum blood loss in women with moderate and severe anaemia: A study using a multi-faceted approach
Authors: Miller Lori , Chaudhri Shahana , Beaumont Danielle , Kayani Aasia , Javid Kiran , Chaudhri Rizwana , Edwards Phil , Brenner Amy , Roberts Ian , Shakur-Still Haleema 
Published: May 2021

Background: Globally, over one-third of pregnant women are anaemic and are at increased risk of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). Tranexamic acid (TXA) given within 3 hours of birth significantly reduces death due to bleeding in women with PPH. However, for many, treatment is too late to prevent death from PPH. The WOMAN-2 trial aims to see if giving TXA can prevent PPH and other outcomes in women with moderate and severe anaemia. Assessing the impact of postpartum blood loss on women’s own perceptions of their health and well-being is an important outcome for the WOMAN-2 trial. This study aimed to develop a conceptual framework and questionnaire to measure the impact of postpartum blood loss on participant-reported outcomes (PRO) in women with moderate and severe anaemia. Methods: A conceptual framework and PRO questionnaire were developed using a multifaceted, iterative process. Factors influencing anaemic women’s postpartum experience were identified from review of the literature and through group discussion with them. De novo items were combined with those from an existing instrument (Multi-dimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory, Short Form (MFSI-SF)). Content validity was tested among a group of obstetricians and anaemic postpartum women, revised and then pilot tested among 124 women with moderate and severe anaemia following vaginal birth. Results: Women with moderate and severe anaemia who experienced PPH reported more fatigue on the MFSI-SF (p=0.001); reported feeling more ill (p=0.004); and had greater difficulty breastfeeding (p=0.039), compared to those who did not experience PPH. Compared to women with moderate anaemia, women with severe anaemia reported experiencing worse symptoms of anaemia (p=0.001) and scored worse on the MFSI-SF (p=0.007). Conclusions: Significant differences between the scores of women who developed PPH and those who did not and the scores between women with moderate and severe anaemia indicate that the questionnaire had satisfactory construct validity.
Understanding cost-utility analysis studies in the trauma and orthopaedic surgery literature
Authors: Kamaraj Achi , Agarwal Nikhil , Seah K. T. Matthew , Khan Wasim 
Published: May 2021

Cost-utility analysis (CUA) studies are becoming increasingly important due to the need to reduce healthcare spending, especially in the field of trauma and orthopaedics. There is an increasing need for trauma and orthopaedic surgeons to understand these economic evaluations to ensure informed cost-effective decisions can be made to benefit the patient and funding body. This review discusses the fundamental principles required to understand CUA studies in the literature, including a discussion of the different methods employed to assess the health outcomes associated with different management options and the various approaches used to calculate the costs involved. Different types of model design may be used to conduct a CUA which can be broadly categorized into real-life clinical studies and computer-simulated modelling. We discuss the main types of study designs used within each category. We also cover the different types of sensitivity analysis used to quantify uncertainty in these studies and the commonly employed instruments used to assess the quality of CUAs. Finally, we discuss some of the important limitations of CUAs that need to be considered. This review outlines the main concepts required to understand the CUA literature and provides a basic framework for their future conduct. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2021;6:305-315. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.6.200115
Comparison of Droplet Size, Coverage, andDrift Potential from UAV Application Methods and Ground Application Methods on Row Crops
Authors: Gibbs Jenna L. , Peters Thomas M. , Heck Lindsay P. 
Published: May 2021

HighlightsDroplet size, coverage, and drift potential of pesticide spray in corn with UAV application methods were compared with ground methods.Measured droplets were smaller in UAV trials (102 to 182 µm geometric mean diameter) than in ground trials (265 to 432 µm geometric mean diameter).UAV methods (particularly those without a boom) achieved high coverage in the middle swath of the field (&gt;60 droplets cm-2) compared to ground methods (10 to 40 droplets cm-2).Real-time particle monitors indicated potential for downwind spray drift during ground trials but not UAV trials.The findings indicate a strong potential for “spot” or “band” spray coverage using UAV methods.Abstract. Worldwide, the use of uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) for pesticide application has grown tremendously in the past decade. Their adoption has been slower for Midwestern row crops. This study compared droplet size, coverage, and drift potential of sprays from UAV application methods to those from ground (implement) sprayer methods on corn in the Midwest. Droplet sizes measured during UAV spray trials [geometric mean diameters of 179 and 112 µm for UAV (boom) and UAV (no boom), respectively] were substantially smaller than those deposited during implement spray trials [mean diameters of 303 and 423 µm for implement (regular) and implement (pulse)]. Droplet coverage was high and localized in the middle swath of the field for the UAV with boom (10 to 30 droplets cm-2) and with no boom (60 droplets cm-2). Droplet coverage was broader, covering the entire field width for the implement methods (10 to 40 droplets cm-2). Vertical coverage of droplets was more uniform for UAV methods than implement methods. Although the UAVs produced smaller droplets than the implement methods, we still observed greater potential for downwind pesticide drift during the implement spray trials. Because localized application may be beneficial for pest control and drift reduction, the findings indicate a strong potential for “spot” or “band” spray coverage using UAV methods. This is likely due to the smaller size, reduced spray volumes, and increased agility of UAVs as compared to more conventional methods. Keywords: Agriculture, Application, Corn, Coverage, Drift, Droplet, Implement, Particles, Pesticides, Pesticide drift, Precision agriculture, Row crops, Spray trial, Uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV), Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).
Short Communication: Diversity of cellulolytic bacteria isolated from coastal mangrove sediment in Logending Beach, Kebumen, Indonesia
Authors: Pramono Hendro , MARIANA AFIFAH , RYANDINI DINI , SUDIANA EMING 
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Pramono H, Mariana A, Ryandini D, Sudiana E. 2021. Short Communication: Diversity of cellulolytic bacteria isolated from coastal mangrove sediment in Logending Beach, Kebumen, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1869-1878. Bacteria from mangrove sediments have the potential to produce active enzymes and metabolites needed in the industry. Mangrove ecosystems in various parts of Indonesia have been explored as sources of bacteria. However, the mangrove ecosystems in Logending Beach, Kebumen District, Indonesia are still unexplored. This study aims to determine the diversity of cellulolytic bacteria using the 16S rRNA gene. Ninety-nine bacteria were isolated from Logending coastal mangrove sediments. Most of them (87.87%) had a cellulolytic activity, with the cellulolytic index values ranged from 0.25–13.96. The LG2 isolate had the highest cellulolytic activity (13.96). Molecular characterization of the LG2 isolate based on the 16S rRNA gene showed that it was similar to the Fictibacillus nanhaiensis strain JSM 082006. This result is new information on cellulolytic bacteria and might be used as a future source of cellulolytic enzymes.
Endophytic fungi as potential biocontrol agents of Phytophthora palmivora in the cocoa plant
Authors: SIMAMORA AGNES VIRGINIA , HAHULY MAYAVIRA VERONICA , Henuk JULINDA BD 
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Simamora AV, Hahuly MV, Henuk JBD. 2021. Endophytic fungi as potential biocontrol agents of Phytophthora palmivora in the cocoa plant. Biodiversitas 22: 2601-2609. In Indonesia, the cocoa tree is one of the essential cultivation crops for farmers. Despite the importance of cocoa cultivation in Indonesia's economy, the productivity of this crop has declined. Cocoa black pod disease caused by Phytophthora palmivora (Butl.) is one of the most severe diseases affecting this crop worldwide, with average annual losses above 40%. Instead of using manufactured chemicals, biological control is an effective and eco-friendly alternative control measure against plant pathogens. This work aimed to assess the potential of endophytic fungi isolated from healthy cocoa pods to control Phytophthora palmivora in vitro and in vivo. Endophytic fungal isolates were classified based on the morphological characteristics of their cultures and reproductive structures. All isolates found were tested to inhibit P. palmivora in the dual culture method, and the best 10 isolates were continued for detached pod assay. Then, the best five isolates (Aspergillus4, Aspergillus5, Aspergillus6, Fusarium6, Ramichloridium sp.) were evaluated for their capability to reduce P. palmivora in cocoa seedlings and in the field plants. Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Ramichloridium showed maximum activity against P. palmivora in dual culture, pod, and seedling assays. Nevertheless, when all these five isolates were applied in the field, they did not suppress the disease development.
Early growth evaluation and estimation of heritability in a sengon (Falcataria moluccana) progeny testing at Kediri, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nugroho Aditya , MATRA DEDEN D. , SIREGAR ISKANDAR Z. , HANEDA NOOR F. , ISTIKORINI YUNIK , RAHMAWATI RIKA , AMIN YAHYA , SIREGAR ULFAH J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract. Nugroho A, Matra DD, Siregar IZ, Haneda NF, Istikorini Y, Rahmawati R, Amin Y, Siregar UJ. 2021. Early growth evaluation and estimation of heritability in a sengon (Falcataria moluccana) progeny testing at Kediri, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 2728-2736. Sengon (Falcataria moluccana) is widely cultivated as a monoculture plantation in community forests that still poses a high risk of pest and disease attacks. Although plants naturally show signs of resistance, there is still however a lack of understanding on the influence of relative plant resistance on growth due to environmental and genetic factors. This study was aimed to evaluate the early growth of a sengon progeny testing in Kediri, East Java and to estimate the genetic parameters with respect to its resistance and susceptibility to stem borer and rust disease. Progeny test was designed using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four blocks as replications. Each block consists of 100 families which was grouped into two categories, 50 families for resistant group and 50 families for susceptible group. Observations were made at the age of 0 and 9 months after planting on 9 individuals per plot in each family. Growth characteristics were measured as germination (%), height (m), and diameter (cm). Results indicated that the sengon growth rate from resistant and susceptible plant groups showed a significant difference. Heritability values are classified as moderate, ranging between 0.107 to 0.133 and 0.102 to 0.150 for height and diameter variables, respectively. These information may be used for gradual selection by considering the appropriate intensity.
Silicon diffractive optical element with piecewise continuous profile to focus high-power terahertz radiation into a square area
Authors: Komlenok Maxim S. , Kononenko Taras V. , Konov Vitaly I. , Choporova Yulia Yu. , Osintseva Natalya D. , Knyazev Boris A. , Pavelyev Vladimir S. , Tukmakov Konstantin N. , Soifer Victor A. 
Published: May 2021

A technique of high-frequency laser ablation using a 2D beam scanner has been designed and applied to creation of a silicon diffractive optical element (DOE) with a continuous profile to focus a terahertz Gaussian beam into a square region. The microrelief of the resulting silicon DOE has been analyzed with a white-light interferometer and a scanning electron microscope. The distribution of radiation behind the DOE illuminated by a high-power beam of the Novosibirsk free-electron laser at a wavelength of 130 µm, recorded with a pyroelectric camera, has been demonstrated. The measured diffraction efficiency of the DOE is equal to

97

±

2

%

.
Ultrasensitive nanoplasmonic biosensor based on interferometric excitation of multipolar plasmonic modes
Authors: Felix-Rendon Ulises , Berini Pierre , De Leon Israel 
Published: May 2021

We propose a nanoplasmonic interferometric biosensor, which exploits the selective excitation of multipolar plasmonic modes in a nanoslit to provide a novel scheme for highly-sensitive biosensing. In this design, two counter-propagating surface plasmon polaritons interfere at the location of the nanoslit, selectively exciting the dipolar and quadrupolar modes of the structure depending on the phase relationship induced by the analyte. The contrasting radiation patterns produced by these modes result in large changes in the angular distribution of the transmitted light that depends on the analyte concentration. The resultant far-field is numerically modeled and the sensing performance of the structure is assessed, resulting in maximum bulk and surface sensitivities of S
B
= 1.12 × 105 deg/RIU and S
S
= 302 deg/RIU, respectively, and a bulk-sensing resolution of the order of 10−8 RIU. The design allows ample control over the trade-off between operating range and resolution through the slit’s width, making this platform suitable for a broad range of sensing requirements.
Development and validation of a set of novel and robust 4-lncRNA-based nomogram predicting prostate cancer survival by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Zhang Peng , Tan Xiaodong , Zhang Daoqiang , Gong Qi , Zhang Xuefeng 
Published: May 2021

Background and objective
Accumulating evidence shows that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) possess great potential in the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa). Therefore, this study aimed to construct an lncRNA-based signature to more accurately predict the prognosis of different PCa patients, so as to improve patient management and prognosis.

Methods
Through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, this study constructed a 4 lncRNAs-based prognosis nomogram for the classification and prediction of survival risk in patients with PCa based on TCGA data. Then we used the data of TCGA and ICGC to verify the performance of our prediction model. The receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted for detecting and validating our prediction model sensitivity and specificity. In addition, Cox regression analysis was conducted to examine whether the signature’s prediction ability was independent of additional clinicopathological variables. Possible biological functions for those prognostic lncRNAs were predicted on those 4 protein-coding genes (PCGs) related to lncRNAs.

Results
Four lncRNAs (HOXB-AS3, YEATS2-AS1, LINC01679, PRRT3-AS1) were extracted after COX regression analysis for classifying patients into high and low-risk groups by different OS rates. As suggested by ROC analysis, our proposed model showed high sensitivity and specificity. Independent prognostic capability of the model from other clinicopathological factors was indicated through further analysis. Based on functional enrichment, those action sites for prognostic lncRNAs were mostly located in the extracellular matrix and cell membrane, and their functions are mainly associated with the adhesion, activation and transport of the components across the extracellular matrix or cell membrane.

Conclusion
Our current study successfully identifies a novel candidate, which can provide more convincing evidence for prognosis in addition to the traditional clinicopathological indicators to predict the PCa survival, and laying the foundation for offering potentially novel therapeutic treatment. Additionally, this study sheds more lights on the PCa-related molecular mechanisms.