bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autocrine regulation of adult neurogenesis by the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)
Authors: Schuele Lena-Louise , Schürmann Britta , Bilkei-Gorzo Andras , Zimmer Andreas , Leidmaa Este 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe endocannabinoid system modulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis by promoting the proliferation and survival of neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs). Specifically, deleting cannabinoid receptors on NSPCs or the constitutive deletion of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) producing enzyme diacylglycerol lipase alpha (DAGLa) disrupts adult neurogenesis. However, it is not known which cells are the producers of 2-AG relevant to neurogenesis. In this paper, we investigated the cellular source of endocannabinoids in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus, an important neurogenic niche. For this purpose, we used two complementary Cre-deleter mouse strains to delete DAGLa either in neurons or astroglia and NSPCs. Surprisingly, neurogenesis was not altered in mice with a deletion ofDaglain neurons (Syn-Dagla KO), although they are the main source for the endocannabinoids in the brain. In contrast, mice with a specific inducible deletion ofDaglain NPSCs and astrocytes (GLAST-CreERT2-Dagla KO) showed a strongly impaired neurogenesis with significantly reduced proliferation and survival of newborn cells. These results identifyDaglain NSPCs in the SGZ of dentate gyrus or in astrocytes, as the cellular source for 2-AG in adult hippocampal neurogenesis. In summary, 2-AG produced by progenitor cells or astrocytes in the SGZ regulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis.SummaryDAGLa in neuronal progenitor cells in the SGZ of dentate gyrus is identified as the cellular source for 2-AG in adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
Small intestine lactobacilli growth promotion and immunomodulation in weaner pigs fedCyberlindnera jadiniiyeast high inclusion diet and exposed to enterotoxigenicEscherichia coliF4+: O149
Authors: Iakhno S. , Hellestveit S.S. , Umu Ö.C.O. , Bogevik L.T. , Åkesson C.P. , Göksu A.B. , Press C.McL. , Mydland L.T. , Øverland M. , Sørum H. 
Published: February 2021

1AbstractEnterotoxigenicEscherichia coli(ETEC) F4+: O149 is a causative agent for the development of post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD) in pigs that contributes to production losses. Yeast cell wall components used as a feed additive can modulate gut immunity and help protect animals from enteric infections. This work investigated how a novel yeast diet with high inclusion of yeast proteins (40% of crude protein) affected the course of ETEC mediated diarrhoea in weaner piglets from a farm with or without a history of post-weaning diarrhoea. We found that immune response to F4abETEC infection and appetite of the animals were altered by high inclusionC. jadiniiyeast. The results indicate that the novel diet can support the diseased animals either directly through the effect of yeast beta-glucans and mannans or indirectly through the promotion of small intestine lactobacilli or both.
With great power comes great responsibility: an analysis of sustainable forest management quantitative indicators in the DPSIR framework
Authors: Paillet Y. , Campagnaro T. , Burrascano S. , Gosselin M. , Ballweg J. , Chianucci F. , Dorioz J. , Marsaud J. , Maciejewski L. , Sitzia T. , Vacchiano G. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe monitoring of environmental policies in Europe has taken place since the 1980s and still remains a challenge for decision- and policy-making. For forests, it is concretized through the publication of a State Of Europe’s Forests every five years, the last report just been released. However, the process lacks a clear analytical framework and appears limited to orient and truly assess sustainable management of European forests. We classified the 34 quantitative sustainable forest management indicators in the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) framework to analyse gaps in the process. In addition, we classified biodiversity-related indicators in the simpler Pressure-State-Response (PSR) framework. We showed that most of the sustainable forest management indicators assess the state of European forests, but almost half could be classified in another DPSIR category. For biodiversity, most indicators describe pressures, while direct taxonomic state indicators are very few. Our expert-based classification show that sustainable forest management indicators are unbalanced regarding the DPSIR framework. However, completing this framework with other indicators would help to have a better view and more relevant tools for decision-making. The results for biodiversity were comparable, but we showed that some indicators from other criteria than the one dedicated to biodiversity could also help understanding threats and actions concerning it. Such classification helps in the decision process, but is not sufficient to fully support policy initiative. In particular, the next step would be to better understand the links between DPSIR and PSR categories.
Otolith-based discrimination of cod ecotypes and the effect of growth rate
Authors: Pétur Jónsson Einar , Campana Steven E. , Sólmundsson Jón , Jakobsdóttir Klara B. , Bárðarson Hlynur 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOtolith shape has previously been used to identify ecotypes within the Icelandic cod (Gadus morhua) stock, using DST profiles to validate the results. Fish otolith shape variation has repeatedly been found to be largely determined by growth rate. To examine the effect of growth rate on the relationship between otolith shape and cod ecotypes (using the Pan I genotype as a proxy for ecotype), 826 archived sagittal otoliths collected over a 52 year sampling period were retrieved, the individual growth rate calculated, and otolith shape described using both Normalized Elliptic Fourier transform and Discrete Wavelet transform. Discriminant functions of otolith shape yielded high ecotype classification success, whether using Fourier or Wavelet descriptors, but only when excluding a heterozygous genotype from the analysis. The otolith shape variability of this genotype lowered the classification success, while otolith shape, in turn, was significantly affected by growth rate and cohort. Growth rate differences previously reported for the ecotypes were present, but were less marked than expected and indeed, growth rate variance attributable to ecotype identity was dwarfed by cohort- and location-related variance in growth. Such a strong effect of growth rate suggests that cod ecotype discrimination based on otolith shape is sensitive to both temporal and spatial variations in growth, which can mask the effect of ecotype-related growth rate differences on otolith shape.
Evolutionary divergence of locomotion in two related vertebrate species
Authors: Rajan Gokul , Lafaye Julie , Carbo-Tano Martin , Duroure Karine , Faini Giulia , Tanese Dimitrii , Panier Thomas , Candelier Raphaël , Henninger Jörg , Britz Ralf , Judkewitz Benjamin , Gebhardt Christoph , Emiliani Valentina , Debregeas Georges , Wyart Claire , Del Bene Filippo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLocomotion exists in diverse forms in nature and is adapted to the environmental constraints of each species1. However, little is known about how closely related species with similar neuronal circuitry can evolve different navigational strategies to explore their environments. We established a powerful approach in comparative neuroethology to investigate evolution of neuronal circuits in vertebrates by comparing divergent swimming pattern of two closely related larval fish species,Danionella translucida(DT) andDanio rerioor zebrafish (ZF)2,3. During swimming, we demonstrate that DT utilizes lower half tail-beat frequency and amplitude to generate a slower and continuous swimming pattern when compared to the burst-and-glide swimming pattern in ZF. We found a high degree of conservation in the brain anatomy between the two species. However, we revealed that the activity of a higher motor region, referred here as the Mesencephalic Locomotion Maintenance Neurons (MLMN) correlates with the duration of swim events and differs strikingly between DT and ZF. Using holographic stimulation, we show that the activation of the MLMN is sufficient to increase the frequency and duration of swim events in ZF. Moreover, we propose two characteristics, availability of dissolved oxygen and timing of swim bladder inflation, which drive the observed differences in the swim pattern. Our findings uncover the neuronal circuit substrate underlying the evolutionary divergence of navigational strategies and how they are adapted to their respective environmental constraints.
Disordered information processing dynamics in experimental epilepsy
Authors: Clawson Wesley , Madec Tanguy , Ghestem Antoine , Quilichini Pascale P , Battaglia Demian , Bernard Christophe 
Published: February 2021

AbstractNeurological disorders share common high-level alterations, such as cognitive deficits, anxiety, and depression. This raises the possibility of fundamental alterations in the way information conveyed by neural firing is maintained and dispatched in the diseased brain. Using experimental epilepsy as a model of neurological disorder we tested the hypothesis of altered information processing, analyzing how neurons in the hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex store and exchange information during slow and theta oscillations. We equate the storage and sharing of information to low level, or primitive, information processing at the algorithmic level, the theoretical intermediate level between structure and function. We find that these low-level processes are organized into substates during brain states marked by theta and slow oscillations. Their internal composition and organization through time are disrupted in epilepsy, loosing brain state-specificity, and shifting towards a regime of disorder in a brain region dependent manner. We propose that the alteration of information processing at an algorithmic level may be a mechanism behind the emergent and widespread co-morbidities associated with epilepsy, and perhaps other disorders.
A benchmarking of human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup classifiers from whole-genome and whole-exome sequence data
Authors: García-Olivares Víctor , Muñoz-Barrera Adrián , Lorenzo-Salazar José Miguel , Zaragoza-Trello Carlos , Rubio-Rodríguez Luis A. , Díaz-de Usera Ana , Jáspez David , Campos Antonio Iñigo , González-Montelongo Rafaela , Flores Carlos 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) is of interest for a range of fields including evolutionary, forensic, and medical genetics. Human mitogenomes can be classified into evolutionary related haplogroups that provide ancestral information and pedigree relationships. Because of this and the advent of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technology, there is a diversity of bioinformatic tools for haplogroup classification. We present a benchmarking of the 11 most salient tools for human mtDNA classification using empirical whole-genome (WGS) and whole-exome (WES) short-read sequencing data from 36 unrelated donors. Besides, because of its relevance, we also assess the best performing tool in third-generation long noisy read WGS data obtained with nanopore technology for a subset of the donors. We found that, for short-read WGS, most of the tools exhibit high accuracy for haplogroup classification irrespective of the input file used for the analysis. However, for short-read WES, Haplocheck and MixEmt were the most accurate tools. Based on the performance shown for WGS and WES, and the accompanying qualitative assessment, Haplocheck stands out as the most complete tool. For third-generation HTS data, we also showed that Haplocheck was able to accurately retrieve mtDNA haplogroups for all samples assessed, although only after following assembly-based approaches (either based on a referenced-based assembly or a hybridde novoassembly). Taken together, our results provide guidance for researchers to select the most suitable tool to conduct the mtDNA analyses from HTS data.
Contribution of quasi-fibrillar superstructures in peroxide quenching by collagen peptides derived from fish processing by-products and their application as natural food additives
Authors: Saleem K , Dey Pritha , Sumeet Charitha , Bajaj Mayur , Geetika Y , Vishwadeep A , Tagadghar Pawan , Banerjee Pradipta 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study attempts to identify the significant role played by the secondary structure of collagen-derived peptides that are involved in lipid peroxide quenching in food products. Collagen was extracted from the skin of Perch and swim bladder of Rohu at 45-78% efficiency. It was identified as type-I based on a high molecular weight (110kDa) and its ion-exchange elution profile. The collagen samples were enzymatically hydrolyzed and collagen hydrolysate (CH) was extracted with an efficiency of 0.67-0.74g/g of collagen. The CH samples displayed a molecular weight in the range of 8.2-9.7kDa and exhibited a higher abundance of charges resulting in higher solubility. The structural studies revealed that the CH peptides existed in polyproline-II helix and formed a mimic-triple helix in a wide range of pH. In neutral and alkaline pH, the mimic helices joined to form a hierarchical quasi-fibrillar network that was smaller than collagen fibrils but also more dynamic. The CH exhibited >95% degradation in 15h through simulated digestion. The CH were able to decrease peroxide formation by 84.5-98.9% in commercially available cod liver and almond oil and increased the shelf life of soya bean oil by a factor of 5 after 6 months of storage. The addition of CH to cultured cells quenched peroxide ions generatedin situand decreased stressor activity by a factor of 12. The reason behind the high efficacy of CH was deciphered to be the proximal charge stabilization by the quasi-fibrillar network, which allowed efficient peroxide quenching and long-term stability.
Nse5/6 is a negative regulator of the ATPase activity of the Smc5/6 complex
Authors: Hallett Stephen T. , Schellenberger Pascale , Zhou Lihong , Beuron Fabienne , Morris Ed , Murray Johanne M. , Oliver Antony W. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTThe multi-component Smc5/6 complex plays a critical role in the resolution of recombination intermediates formed during mitosis and meiosis, and in the cellular response to replication stress. Using recombinant proteins, we have reconstituted a series of definedS. cerevisiaeSMC5/6 complexes, visualised them by negative stain electron microscopy, and tested their ability to function as an ATPase. We find that only the six protein ‘holo-complex’ is capable of turning over ATP and that its activity is significantly increased by the addition of double-stranded DNA to reaction mixes. Furthermore, stimulation is wholly dependent on functional ATP-binding pockets in both Smc5 and Smc6. Importantly, we demonstrate that budding yeast Nse5/6 acts as a negative regulator of Smc5/6 ATPase activity, binding to the head-end of the complex to suppress turnover, irrespective of the DNA-bound status of the complex.
The capital structure decision of Islamic and conventional banks: empirical evidence from Malaysia
Authors: Guizani Moncef , Ajmi Ahdi Noomen 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how Islamic banks (IBs) and conventional banks (CBs) in Malaysia choose their capital structure and what are the most significant factors that affect their decisions regarding their capital structure.Design/methodology/approachThis study applies the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach for a sample of 54 Banks listed on Malaysian stock market over the period 2010–2018.FindingsThe study findings show that the capital structure of IBs appears to be driven by similar factors to those previously found in the corporate finance literature. They also provide evidence of the existence of a long-run and short-run relationship between leverage and its main determinants for Islamic and CBs. However, the results show that various independent variables on the capital structure do exhibit different effects (in magnitude of the coefficient) among Islamic and CBs. Moreover, we find that IBs slowly adjust their capital structure toward the desired leverage ratio than CBs.Research limitations/implicationsThis research contributes to the theory in re-validating capital structure theories on IBs. It helps understand the capital structure of IBs in comparison with CBs. If in conventional finance, the standard presiding decisions of an economic agent is optimizing the risk-return ratio, this standard is not the only or the primary decision criterion in the Islamic finance context where spiritual and theological considerations are taken into consideration.Practical implicationsThis research can contribute to managers in understanding the choice of capital structure for IBs within the bound of Sharia requirement. Such an understanding provides managers with applied knowledge of determining their appropriate capital structure to compete locally and globally in which IBs operate.Originality/valueThis paper offers some insights on the determinants of capital structure by investigating Islamic and CBs. It explores the implication of relevant Islamic principles on capital structure. Moreover, it analyses the determinants of capital structure using ARDL method that permits to identify the short-run and long-run relationships between capital structure and its main determinants.
Understanding customer brand engagement in brand communities: an application of psychological ownership theory and congruity theory
Authors: Kumar Jitender 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is the exploration of customer engagement with the brand and brand community (dual foci) inside online brand communities and to assess the simultaneous impact of dual foci of engagement in creating equity for the brand. The role of sense of community is explored as a moderator in influencing customer engagement.Design/methodology/approachThe sample is composed of the members of Facebook-based brand communities. An internet survey of 833 subjects provides data to test the theoretical model with the help of structural equation modelling using AMOS 21.FindingsThe empirical investigation supports the proposed theory except for a few counterintuitive findings. Psychological ownership with the brand and the brand community has a direct effect on customer engagement with the brand and the brand community, respectively. A brand-based value-congruity has a direct effect on brand engagement; however, community-based value-congruity has an indirect effect on brand community engagement through brand community psychological ownership. The moderating effect of sense of community on engagement is also observed. Engagement with dual foci explained a substantial proportion of the variance in brand equity.Research limitations/implicationsA student sample, cross-sectional research design and a limited number of constructs in the nomological network to explore engagement in an online brand community constitute few limitations of this study. Customer engagement with dual foci has major implications for both the researchers and practitioners dealing with online brand communities.Practical implicationsTo engage customers in online brand communities, dual foci should be the objective of management. A sense of ownership towards the brand and value-congruity with the brand should be aimed to engage customers with the brands; brand community psychological ownership and value-congruity with the community should be embraced by the firms to achieve brand community engagement. A high sense of community also needs to be promoted for strengthening dual foci engagement that further generates brand equity.Originality/valueCustomer brand engagement and brand community engagement had been studied separately in literature ignoring the fact that brand is theraison d’etreof the community. Taking a dual object engagement perspective, this study has charted out different routes of how to generate brand equity using online brand communities.
An indexing system for the relevance of academic production and research from digital repositories and metadata
Authors: Guerrero-Sosa Jared David Tadeo , Menéndez-Domínguez Víctor Hugo , Castellanos-Bolaños María Enriqueta 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a set of quantitative statistical indicators for measuring the scientific relevance of research groups and researchers, based on high-impact open-access digital production repositories.

Design/methodology/approach
An action research (AR) methodology is proposed in which research is associated with the practice; research informs practice and practice is responsible for informing research in a cooperative way. AR is divided into five phases, beginning with the definition of the problematic scenario and an analysis of the state of the art and ending with conducting tests and publishing the results.

Findings
The proposed indicators were used to characterise group and individual output in a major public university in south-eastern Mexico. University campuses hosting a large number of high-impact research groups. These indicators were very useful in generating information that confirmed specific assumptions about the scientific production of the university.

Research limitations/implications
The data used here were retrieved from Scopus and open access national repository of Mexico. It would be possible to use other data sources to calculate these indicators.

Practical implications
The system used to implement the proposed indicators is independent of any particular technological tool and is based on standards for metadata description and exchange, thus facilitating the easy integration of new elements for evaluation.

Social implications
Many organisations evaluate researchers according to specific criteria, one of which is the prestige of journals. Although the guidelines differ between evaluation bodies, relevance is measured based on elements that can be adapted and where some have greater weight than others, including the prestige of the journal, the degree of collaboration with other researchers and individual production, etc. The proposed indicators can be used by various entities to evaluate researchers and research groups. Each country has its own organisations that are responsible for evaluation, using various criteria based on the impact of the publications.

Originality/value
The proposed indicators assess based on the importance of the types of publications and the degree of collaborations. However, they can be adapted to other similar scenarios.