bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Information capacity and social order: The local politics of information integration in China
Authors: Chen Huirong , Greitens Sheena Chestnut 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHow do regimes employ information to govern society and maintain control? Recent scholarship argues that legibility is a fundamental component of state capacity, but the politics of information collection and use remain incompletely understood. This article examines how the local state in China uses information to amplify legibility and bolster social control. Extant literature focuses largely on informationcollection, but Chinese officials have adopted high‐tech information management platforms to solve a different issue: inadequate informationintegrationacross bureaucracies (“information islands”). Information integration platforms strengthen the local state's ability to govern by enhancing intra‐bureaucratic accountability and improving the local state's ability to demobilize contention. At the policy level, adoption of these platforms has implications for the Chinese party‐state's ambitions for social stability; their global spread could affect trends in governance worldwide. Theoretically, our findings indicate that legibility depends not just on the state's ability to collect information, but to integrate it as well.
Crystallization‐induced stabilization of foam glass aggregates for heat‐insulating concrete
Authors: Kazantseva Lidia K. , Mikhno Anastasia O. , Miroshnichenko Leonid V. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractResistance of the porous glass‐based aggregates to alkali‐silicate reaction (ASR) was the focus of this study. ASR was studied in mixtures of aggregates with water alkali solutions simulating alkali media of row concrete. Granular foam glass with homogeneous glass in the pore walls is ASR‐active, which leads to the leaching of glass and to the formation of hydrated Na‐silicate gel, Ca‐silicate, and aluminosilicate on the aggregate surfaces. Mitigation of ASR‐activity in granular foam glass was achieved by thermo‐induced crystallization (850‐900ºC) of micro‐ and nanoscale crystals (Na4CaSi3O9 and/or Na2Ca3Si6O16) in the pore walls with the formation of granular glass‐ceramic foams. The main characterization methods were scanning electron microscopy, x‐ray powder diffraction analysis, x‐ray fluorescence, atomic emission spectrometry, and pH analysis.
The experience and meaning of recovery‐oriented practice for nurses working in acute mental health services
Authors: Solomon Bernadette , Sutton Daniel , McKenna Brian 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSince the 1990s, New Zealand mental health policy has shifted from a focus on the management of symptoms and risk to the recovery of psychological, social, cultural, and physical well‐being. Despite a vision for recovery‐oriented services being integrated within national and regional policies, there is growing concern that barriers to recovery‐oriented service provision continue to exist. Such barriers include the attitudes, skills, and knowledge of front‐line staff, as well as system issues. This study explored the experience and meaning of recovery‐oriented practice for 10 nurses working in an acute inpatient mental health service. A phenomenological and hermeneutic lens was used to explore the nurses’ experience of working in a recovery‐focused manner alongside service users. Stories of practice were collected from participants through open‐ended conversational interviews. Transcribed narratives were analysed to explore taken‐for‐granted aspects of working in acute mental health care and to uncover the meaning of being recovery‐oriented in this setting. Findings revealed that although the experience and meaning of recovery‐focused care varied among nurses, there were common elements in the practice accounts. The accounts highlighted the nurses’ role in creating different therapeutic spaces to promote safety, relational commitment, and healing for service users. However, the nurses faced challenges to recovery‐oriented care within the team hierarchical culture and the broader service systems. The nurses were, at times, fearless in advocating for service users and recognized that this was essential for developing recovery‐focused services. The findings have implications for nursing practice, as well as training and service development.
Flash sintering of additively manufactured 3YSZ gears
Authors: Yang Bo , Cho Jaehun , Phuah Xin Li , Wang Haiyan , Zhang Xinghang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe report on the fabrication of a complex gear‐shaped 3 mol.% yttria‐stabilized zirconia via a combination of additive manufacturing and flash sintering. The gear was printed via direct ink printing technique. Flash sintering was performed at an electric field of 150 V/cm and the specimens were rapidly densified within a few seconds at a furnace temperature of 1200°C. The flash‐sintered gear has a 95% relative density and shows no obvious warping or cracking after the rapid densification. Microstructure analysis and hardness measurement revealed grain size gradients and hardness variation along both thickness and lateral directions of the flash‐sintered gear. This study demonstrates a possible route to produce dense complex‐shaped parts using the flash sintering technique.
Effect of fly density and holding period on quality parameters of pre‐release chilled adults of Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Flores Salvador , López‐Arriaga Florida , Campos Sergio , Arredondo José , Montoya Pablo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPacking, shipping, holding and releasing methods of sterile tephritid fruit flies for the control of pest populations have recently received special attention because they are the final steps in the application of the sterile insect technique (SIT). In this study, we examined the effect of four holding densities, 0.524, 0.599, 0.674 and 0.748 sterile adults/cm2, and four holding periods (5, 6, 7 and 8 days) in sterile West Indian fruit flies, Anastrepha obliqua (Diptera: Tephritidae). The key parameters of adult fliers (AF, also known as absolute fliers) and adult survival under stress were measured. We also compared two methods to determine the percentage of AF (called the tray and sample methods) after the holding period and the chilling process. Our results indicate that differences in holding densities and holding periods may not affect the percentage of AF and the survival of sterile adults if they are supplied with enough food and water, allowing the release of higher numbers of sexually mature sterile males. When estimating the percentage of AF, the evaluated methods resulted equivalent and reliable, but the sample method showed a clear advantage by allowing the use of lower numbers of sterile flies to perform the test, which may represent important savings in SIT programmes. These findings will require further studies on sexual competitiveness in field cages to better determine the optimal management of sterile flies in FERFs.
Unravelling metamorphic ages of suture zone rocks from the Sabzevar and Makran areas (Iran): Robust age constraints for the larger Arabia–Eurasian collision zone
Authors: Bröcker Michael , Omrani Hadi , Berndt Jasper , Moslempour Mohammad E. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this study we establish a time frame for metamorphic processes affecting Neotethyan suture zones at the northern (Sabzevar) and southern (Makran) margin of the Central Iranian Microcontinent. For this purpose, we have applied Rb–Sr and U–Pb geochronology to blueschist‐ and amphibolite facies rocks from these occurrences. So far, no isotopic ages are available for high‐P/low‐T rocks from the Sabzevar area which are exposed in the Govain and Chili mountains near Soltanabad. Three newly dated blueschists from the Govain mountain yielded Rb–Sr ages of 56.52 ± 0.32, 57.20 ± 0.32, and 55.12 ± 0.33 Ma respectively. These ages provide the first unambiguous evidence for late Palaeocene to early Eocene high‐P metamorphism in the Sabzevar zone and confirm the accuracy of earlier age assignments that were derived indirectly. The clearly confirmed age difference between late Palaeocene–early Eocene blueschists of the Govain mountain and kilometre‐scale dismembered HP granulites with Early Cretaceous (Albian) metamorphic ages from outcrops c. 60 km to the west of Soltanabad further corroborates interpretations that these rocks are not related to the same subduction zone complex. The blueschists record closure of an Albian to Late Cretaceous back‐arc basin, whereas the granulites formed due to subduction of older oceanic lithosphere. Uranium–Pb zircon dating of an amphibolite from the Iranshahr region in the Makran Zone yielded an intercept age of 87.8 ± 1.8 Ma and weighted mean age of 88.1 ± 1.7 Ma. Rb–Sr mineral isochrons for seven blueschist‐ and amphibolite facies samples from the same area generated very consistent ages of c. 84 Ma (± <1–3 Ma), regardless of metamorphic grade. The apparent contradiction that rocks recording different P–T conditions have identical metamorphic ages either indicates tectonic mixing of rocks during exhumation that originally had formed at the same time at different depths of the subduction system, or very rapid exhumation so that differences in closure temperatures became indistinguishable. The new data are similar, but much more precise, than previously reported K–Ar ages and suggest that most of the existing data had not been significantly compromised by contamination with extraneous Ar. Potassium–Ar indications for older blueschist‐ and/or amphibolite facies metamorphism (>85 Ma) have not yet been confirmed but can be reconciled with the larger geological frame implying that northward subduction of the Arabian plate beneath the Bajgan–Durkan continental block started shortly after c. 120 Ma.
Nursing care for pediatric patients with autism spectrum disorders: A cross‐sectional survey of perceptions and strategies
Authors: Mahoney Wanda J. , Villacrusis Minerva , Sompolski Margaret , Iwanski Brittany , Charman Alyssa , Hammond Colleen , Abraham Gifty 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study is to describe nursing staff perspectives about caring for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in the hospital, strategies they use to support care, and relationships between these factors.Design and MethodsA descriptive, cross‐sectional survey design with nursing staff at a large pediatric hospital system in the United States was employed. The researcher‐designed, pilot‐tested survey assessed participant demographics, knowledge about ASD, perceived effectiveness caring for children with ASD, previous training, and current strategy use. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, correlations, and group comparisons based on interaction frequency with the population and previous training.ResultsThe participants involved 90 pediatric hospital nursing staff members providing direct care. Respondents demonstrated 90% accurate knowledge of the characteristics of ASD. Self‐reported effectiveness in caring for children with ASD did not correlate with knowledge and significantly correlated with an increased number of strategies. Nursing staff with frequent interaction with people with ASD or those with previous training reported significantly more strategies to care for children with ASD. Only 35% of participants reported that they have adequate strategies to care for children with ASD in the hospital.Practice ImplicationsHaving more strategies was the factor associated with higher self‐efficacy, so training for nursing staff should focus on increasing the number of strategies to use with children with ASD in the hospital and provide mechanisms to collaborate with other professionals to individualize strategies to meet each child's needs.
The effects of corruption of public officials on the dimensions of financial sustainability of state governments in Mexico
Authors: Puron‐Cid Gabriel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOne of the most concerning types of corruption of public officials is the one associated with budgeting and financial management in government. This type of corruption represents a structural phenomenon that influences governments' financial sustainability (FS); in other words, corruption impacts the government's capability to consistently meet its financial obligations while continuing to provide public services and infrastructure. A traditional venue of research examines the effects of corruption on economic performance and fiscal conditions of governments. Recent efforts have been dedicated to exploring the effects of corruption of public officials on the size and allocation of public spending and debt. The present investigation contributes to this recent body of the literature by analyzing to what extent corruption of public officials influences the dimensions of FS of state governments in Mexico. FS is a framework to assess how governments meet their financial obligations using different ratios and indicators in five dimensions: cash solvency, budget solvency, long‐term solvency, service‐level solvency for revenues, and the service‐level solvency for expenses. For this analysis, techniques of a dynamic panel of generalized method of moments are used to examine a dataset of 30 state governments in Mexico using census governmental data for the period 2011–2016. The results are conclusive for some dimensions of FS and not conclusive for others, but in general the analysis confirms the influence of corruption of public officials in some of the hypothesized directions of these FS dimensions. Several policy implications are also discussed.
Understanding pathogen population structure and virulence variation for efficient resistance breeding to control cucurbit powdery mildews
Authors: Lebeda Aleš , Sedláková Božena , Křístková Eva , Widrlechner Mark P. , Kosman Evsey 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCucurbit powdery mildew (CPM) is caused most frequently by well‐differentiated obligate erysiphaceous ectoparasites Golovinomyces orontii and Podosphaera xanthii, which vary in their ecology and virulence. All economically important cucurbit crops host both of these CPM species. Breeding of cucurbits for CPM resistance is highly important worldwide, but adequate knowledge of CPM species determination, as well as virulence structure, population dynamics, and spatiotemporal variation of these pathogens, has not yet been achieved. New tools have been developed to enhance research on CPM virulence variation for more efficient breeding and seed and crop production. A set of differential genotypes of Cucumis melo, with high differentiation capacity, may contribute substantially to understanding of variation in CPM virulence at both individual and population levels. Long‐term observations (2001–2012) of CPM pathogens in the Czech Republic were used to analyse virulence variation within and among annual CPM populations and demonstrate the utility of recently developed tools for studying species variability and virulence variation of CPM pathogens worldwide. Detailed analyses of diversity and spatiotemporal fluctuations in the composition of CPM populations provide crucial information for shaping breeding programmes and predicting the most effective sources of race‐specific resistance. The primary aim of this work was to create a uniform framework for determination of CPM species structure and diversity, virulence phenotypes, virulence and phenotype frequencies, phenotype complexity, dynamics, and variation within and among CPM populations. In addition, practical advice is presented on how to select the most relevant data and interpret them for use in cucurbit resistance breeding.
Can keto/amino acids reduce oxidative stress in peritoneal dialysis patients with hypoalbuminemia?
Authors: Çankaya Erdem , Bilen Yusuf , Uyanık Abdullah , Dogan Hasan , Kızıltunç Ahmet , Sevinç Can 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionThere is no consensus on an ideal marker of oxidative stress (OS). Disruption of the balance between free radical and antioxidant activity production by increasing oxidative markers results in OS. In this study, we aimed to investigate how OS, which increases mortality and morbidity due to various reasons, is affected by keto/amino therapy in patients with hypoalbuminemia undergoing peritoneal dialysis.Materials and MethodTwenty patients who underwent peritoneal dialysis were included in the study. Before starting keto/amino acid therapy, primary kidney diseases were determined, body mass indexes, serum total protein, albumin, C‐reactive protein, ferritin, calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, paraoxonase‐1 (PON‐1), sialic acid levels, arylesterase (ARE) activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured, and Kt/V values were calculated. Keto/amino acid treatment was initiated for those with an albumin level of <3.5 g/dL. The same parameters of the patients, followed up for 3 months, were checked again at the end of the third month.ResultsParaoxonase‐1 and ARE activities, which are antioxidant enzyme activities, were found to be statistically significantly increased compared to the initial period (59 ± 59, 135 ± 69, 15.8 ± 19.7, and 44.7 ± 16.4, respectively; p < 0.00). MDA and sialic acid levels were significantly lower than the initial values (109 ± 99, 23 ± 9, 2.26 ± 0.44, and 2.04 ± 0.39, respectively; p < 0.01).ConclusionIn our study, after the initiation of keto/amino acid treatment, PON‐1, which is a significant antioxidant marker, and ARE plasma activities increased and tissue destruction product MDA and sialic acid significantly decreased. In the light of all these data, we think that this treatment can reduce OS, improve hypoalbuminemia, which causes both mortality and morbidity in patients, improve survival in PD patients, and may be an antioxidant treatment in suitable patients.
Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of the Composite Motion of Curve-Face Gear
Authors: Chao Lin , Yu Wang , Yanan Hu , Yongquan Yu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The unified model was proposed for the three configurations of the composite motion of curve-face gear pair. A coupled bending-torsional-axial dynamic model with multi degree-of-freedom transmission system was proposed comprehensively considering nonlinear parameters such as tooth mesh stiffness, static transmission error and backlash. The fourth-order Runge–Kutta numerical method was applied to solve the dimensionless dynamic differential equations of the system, and then the dynamic responses of the system were investigated by time history, phase-plane portrait, poincare map, FFT spectrum and bifurcation diagram. It was found that the dynamic responses of the three configurations were complex. It presented quasi-periodic motion only under certain configuration and parameter conditions. With the increase of meshing frequency, the system state was characterized by the alternation between chaotic motion and periodic motion. Eccentricity ratio of displacement curve of curve-face gear pair mainly affected the rotational frequency of the system. As the eccentricity ratio increased, the dominant frequency of the system gradually changed from meshing frequency to rotational frequency. The correctness of the theoretical model was verified through corresponding experimental studies.
Identification of a Pressure–Strain Correlation-Based Bypass Transition Onset Marker
Authors: Muthu Satish , Bhushan Shanti , Keith Walters D. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Temporally developing direct numerical simulations (T-DNS) are performed for freestream turbulence induced bypass transition flow with zero-pressure gradient over a flat-plate boundary layer for a range of freestream turbulence intensities (Tu) of 1.4% to 6%. The objective is to understand the role of pressure–strain terms on bypass transition onset and to propose and validate a phenomenological hypothesis for the identification of a robust transition onset marker for use in transition-sensitive Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) simulations. Results show that transition initiates at a location where the slow pressure–strain term becomes more dominant than the rapid term in the pretransitional boundary layer region. A simple transition onset marker based on one-point statistical quantities is derived from the scaling of the ratio of the slow and rapid pressure fluctuation source terms. The critical value of the marker is found to vary within a narrow range (±2.8%) and satisfies previously identified criteria for a robust transition onset marker.
A Fast and Effective Method for the Optimization of the Valve Plate of Swashplate Axial Piston Pumps
Authors: Marinaro Gianluca , Frosina Emma , Senatore Adolfo , Stelson Kim A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This research presents a lumped parameter numerical model aimed at designing and optimizing an axial piston pump. For the first time, it has been shown that a lumped parameter model can accurately model axial piston pump dynamics based on a comparison with computational fluid dynamic (CFD) models and experimental results. Since the method is much more efficient than CFD, it can optimize the design. Both steady-state and dynamic behaviors have been analyzed. The model results have been compared with experimental data, showing a good capacity in predicting the pump performance, including pressure ripple. The swashplate dynamics have been investigated experimentally, measuring the dynamic pressure which controls the pump displacement; a comparison with the numerical model results confirmed the high accuracy. An optimization process has been conducted on the valve-plate geometry to control fluid-born noise by flow ripple reduction. The nonlinear programming by quadratic Lagrangian (NLPQL) algorithm is used since it is suitable for this study. The objective function to minimize is the well-known function, the nonuniformity grade (NUG), a parameter directly correlated with flow ripple. A prototype of the best design has been realized and tested, confirming a reduction in the pressure ripple. An endurance test was also conducted. As predicted from the numerical model, a significant reduction of cavitation erosion was observed.
Sliding Wear Properties of HVOF Sprayed WC-10Co4Cr Coatings With Conventional Structure and Bimodal Structure Under Different Loads
Authors: Zhou Yong-Kuan , Kang Jia-Jie , Yue Wen , Liu Xiao-Bin , Fu Zhi-Qiang , Zhu Li-Na , She Ding-Shun , Ma Guo-Zheng , Wang Hai-Dou 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The WC-10Co4Cr coatings with conventional structure and bimodal structure were sprayed by high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) technology. The phase compositions and morphologies of the WC-10Co4Cr powders and coatings were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The microhardness, porosity, bonding strength, elastic modulus, and indentation fracture toughness of the conventional coating (Conventional) and the bimodal coating (Bimodal) were also studied. The sliding wear properties of the Conventional and the Bimodal against Si3N4 counterballs under different loads at room temperature (∼25 °C) were investigated using a friction and wear tester. Compared with the Conventional, the Bimodal has denser microstructure, lower porosity, more excellent mechanical properties, and the Bimodal has better wear resistance than the Conventional under different loads. The two coatings under 15 N and 30 N only exhibit abrasive and slightly adhesive wear mechanism, while in the load application of 45 N, additional mechanism which is fatigue is detected and causes flaking of the coating.