bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum biomarker discovery related to pathogenesis in acute coronary syndrome by proteomic approach
Authors: Shin Miji , Mun Sora , Park Sang Hyun , Lee Jiyeong , Kang Hee-Gyoo 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAcute coronary syndrome (ACS) results from inadequate supply of blood flow from the coronary arteries to the heart or ischemia. ACS has an extremely high morbidity and mortality. The levels of biomarkers currently used for detection of ACS also increase in response to myocardial necrosis and other diseases and are not elevated immediately after symptoms appear, thus limiting their diagnostic capacity. Therefore, we aimed to discover new ACS diagnostic biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity that are specifically related to ACS pathogenesis. Sera from 50 patients with ACS and healthy controls (discovery cohort) each were analyzed using mass spectrometry (MS) to identify differentially expressed proteins, and protein candidates were evaluated as ACS biomarkers in 120 people in each group (validation cohort). α-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (AGP1), complement C5 (C5), leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein (LRG), and vitronectin (VN) were identified as biomarkers whose levels increase and gelsolin (GSN) as a biomarker whose levels decrease in patients with ACS. We concluded that these biomarkers are associated with the pathogenesis of ACS and can predict the onset of ACS prior to the appearance of necrotic biomarkers.
Smart pansharpening approach using kernel‐based image filtering
Authors: Smadi Ahmad AL , Yang Shuyuan , Mehmood Atif , Abugabah Ahed , Wang Min , Bashir Muzaffar 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRemote sensing image fusion plays important roles in numerous applications, including monitoring, metrology, and agriculture. Image fusion gathers essential information from several image sources and consolidates them into a single image called a fused image. The fused image involves relevant data, and it is more informative than any other images extracted from one source. This study proposed a pansharpening technique based on image filtering utilising a bilateral filter to generate high‐frequency details from panchromatic image. The various types of side window guided filters are employed to enhance the multispectral band from panchromatic image and then used these filters to adjust spatial data misfortune that happens when images are combined. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method provides consistent results concise with reported by the previous research in terms of subjective and objective assessments on remote sensing data.
X-ray-induced chemistry of water and related molecules in low-mass protostellar envelopes
Authors: Notsu Shota , van Dishoeck Ewine F. , Walsh Catherine , Bosman Arthur D. , Nomura Hideko 
Published: May 2021

Context. Water is a key molecule in star- and planet-forming regions. Recent water line observations toward several low-mass protostars suggest low water gas fractional abundances (<10−6 with respect to total hydrogen density) in the inner warm envelopes (r < 102 au). Water destruction by X-rays is thought to influence the water abundances in these regions, but the detailed chemistry, including the nature of alternative oxygen carriers, is not yet understood.
Aims. Our aim is to understand the impact of X-rays on the composition of low-mass protostellar envelopes, focusing specifically on water and related oxygen-bearing species.
Methods. We computed the chemical composition of two proto-typical low-mass protostellar envelopes using a 1D gas-grain chemical reaction network. We varied the X-ray luminosities of the central protostars, and thus the X-ray ionization rates in the protostellar envelopes.
Results. The protostellar X-ray luminosity has a strong effect on the water gas abundances, both within and outside the H2O snowline (Tgas ~ 102 K, r ~ 102 au). Outside, the water gas abundance increases with LX, from ~10−10 for low LX to ~10−8–10−7 at LX > 1030 erg s−1. Inside, water maintains a high abundance of ~10−4 for LX ≲ 1029–1030 erg s−1, with water and CO being the dominant oxygen carriers. For LX ≳ 1030–1031 erg s−1, the water gas abundances significantly decrease just inside the water snowline (down to ~10−8–10−7) and in the innermost regions with Tgas ≳ 250 K (~10−6). For these cases, the fractional abundances of O2 and O gas reach ~10−4 within the water snowline, and they become the dominant oxygen carriers. In addition, the fractional abundances of HCO+ and CH3OH, which have been used as tracers of the water snowline, significantly increase and decrease, respectively, within the water snowline as the X-ray fluxes become larger. The fractional abundances of some other dominant molecules, such as CO2, OH, CH4, HCN, and NH3, are also affected by strong X-ray fields, especially within their own snowlines. These X-ray effects are larger in lower-density envelope models.
Conclusions. X-ray-induced chemistry strongly affects the abundances of water and related molecules including O, O2, HCO+, and CH3OH, and can explain the observed low water gas abundances in the inner protostellar envelopes. In the presence of strong X-ray fields, gas-phase water molecules within the water snowline are mainly destroyed with ion-molecule reactions and X-ray-induced photodissociation. Future observations of water and related molecules (using, e.g., ALMA and ngVLA) will access the regions around protostars where such X-ray-induced chemistry is effective.
Bruxismus: Muskuloskelettales Assessment und Management
Authors: von Piekartz Harry J. M. 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungBruxismus ist keine Krankheit, sondern ein Sammelbegriff für Parafunktionen wie Zähnepressen oder Knirschen. Um Begleitsymptome des Bruxismus zu beeinflussen, ist eine Untersuchung des orofazialen und kraniozervikalen Systems sinnvoll. Die gefundenen auffälligen Zeichen leiten die Therapeuten in der muskuloskelettalen Therapie, die aus Hands-on und -off-Techniken besteht.
Prevalence of immunoglobulin E against cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants and the impact of a blocker in canine sera
Authors: Mohammaddavoodi Amirhossein , Christian Maria , Müller Elisabeth , Panakova Lucia , Burgener Iwan , Wagner Regina 
Published: May 2021

ZusammenfassungGegenstand und Ziel Kreuzreaktive Kohlenhydrat-Seitenketten (cross reactive carbohydrate determinants, CCD) führen bei saisonalen In-vitro-Allergietests zu multipositiven Ergebnissen. Diese Bindung von Immunglobulin E gegen CCD von Pollenallergenen (Anti-CCD-IgE) verursacht falsch-positive/klinisch irrelevante Resultate. Ziel dieser Studie war, die Prävalenz von polysensibilisierten Serumproben zu untersuchen und die Auswirkungen eines CCD-Inhibitors/Blockers auf die Ergebnisse von saisonalen Allergietests bei Hunden zu evaluieren.Methoden Die Analyse berücksichtigte Seren von 4614 Hunden, die für einen Allergietest zum Nachweis von IgE gegen saisonale Allergene (ELISA basierend auf der Fc-Epsilon-Rezeptor-Technologie) von Juli 2017 bis Juni 2018 eingeschickt worden waren. Die Proben wurden als polysensibilisierte Seren (Gruppe A) und nicht polysensibilisierte Seren (Gruppe B) klassifiziert. Seren der Gruppe A wurden nach Zugabe eines modifizierten Glykoprotein-Pflanzenextrakts (Blocker) erneut getestet. Um die Auswirkung des Blockers auf jedes Allergen zu bestimmen, erfolgte eine Analyse der Ergebnisse von 96 zufällig ausgewählten Proben vor und nach dem Blocken.Ergebnisse Eine Polysensibilisierung gegen saisonale Allergene zeigte sich bei 818 (17,7 %) Serumproben. Der Blocker eliminierte die Bindung von Anti-CCD-IgE an Allergenextrakte vollständig (49 %) oder erniedrigte die Reaktionsklassen (40 %), was auf das Vorhandensein von klinisch relevantem IgE hinweist. Negative Reaktionen nach Zugabe des Blockers ergaben sich beim 6-Gräser-Mix (29 %), bei Roggen (22 %) und Sauerampfer (20 %) weniger häufig als bei Brennnessel (82 %), Weide (70 %), Birke-Hasel (65 %), Beifuß-Ragweed (63 %) und Spitzwegerich (57 %).Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Der Blocker sollte bei polysensibilisierten Seren eingesetzt werden, um die Qualität saisonaler In-vitro-Allergietests zu verbessern und die Verwendung klinisch irrelevanter Allergene in der allergenspezifischen Immuntherapie (ASIT) zu vermeiden.
Ligand-Free Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylative Suzuki Couplings of Vinyl Iodides with Arylboronic Acids under Substoichiometric Base Conditions
Authors: Yang Zhiyuan , Gong Pei-Xue , Han Wei , Chen Junjie , Zhang Jie , Gong Xu 
Published: May 2021

AbstractA ligand-free palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of vinyl iodides with arylboronic acids, permitting the synthesis of chalcones and α-branched enones, has been established. This reaction proceeds smoothly at ambient pressure and temperature, and works well even with a substoichiometric amount of base. Importantly, this mild, efficient, and operationally simple protocol is suitable for the late-stage functionalization of an epiandrosterone-derived complex molecule.
Intramolecular Addition of a Dimethylamino C(sp3)–H Bond across C–C Triple Bonds Using IrCl(DTBM-SEGPHOS)(ethylene) Catalyst: Synthesis of Indoles from 2-Alkynyl-N-methylanilines
Authors: Ohmura Toshimichi , Suginome Michinori , Yagi Kaito , Torigoe Takeru 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntramolecular addition of a C(sp3)–H bond of the dimethylamino group across the C–C triple bond in 2-alkynyl-N,N-dimethylanilines is effectively catalyzed by a new iridium complex, IrCl(DTBM-SEGPHOS)(C2H4), in mesitylene at 150 °C. The intramolecular C(sp3)–H addition is followed by double-bond isomerization to afford 3-substituted indoles in good to high yields.
Heparin-binding VEGFR1 variants as long-acting VEGF inhibitors for treatment of intraocular neovascular disorders
Authors: Xin Hong , Biswas Nilima , Li Pin , Zhong Cuiling , Chan Tamara C. , Nudleman Eric , Ferrara Napoleone 
Published: May 2021

Significance
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors have transformed the treatment of intraocular vascular disorders. However, the burden of frequent intravitreal injections reduces patient compliance such that the impact in the “real world” is less than in clinical trials. Thus, there is a need to discover VEGF inhibitors than can be administered less frequently. We hypothesized that the ability to bind heparan-sulfate proteoglycans may be a strategy to promote intraocular retention and increase half-life. We designed a series of VEGF receptor 1 variants and identified some with strong heparin-binding characteristics that are more effective and durable in action in animal models of intraocular neovascularization than a standard of care like aflibercept. The work should fulfill an unmet medical need and advance therapy.
LXR directly regulates glycosphingolipid synthesis and affects human CD4+ T cell function
Authors: Waddington Kirsty E. , Robinson George A. , Rubio-Cuesta Beatriz , Chrifi-Alaoui Eden , Andreone Sara , Poon Kok-Siong , Ivanova Iveta , Martin-Gutierrez Lucia , Owen Dylan M. , Jury Elizabeth C. , Pineda-Torra Inés 
Published: May 2021

Significance
This work shows that the liver X receptor (LXR) regulates glycosphingolipid biosynthesis expression in primary human T cells, thereby influencing T cell plasma membrane lipid composition, subsequent immune synapse formation, and T cell receptor-mediated signaling and function. Furthermore, we show LXR actions are differentially regulated in functional T cell subsets, supporting an important role for lipid metabolism in human T cell homeostasis. This new mode of action for LXR could be of therapeutic relevance to disorders characterized by defects in T cell signaling and metabolism, including autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, and cancer.
Topological clustering of multilayer networks
Authors: Yuvaraj Monisha , Dey Asim K. , Lyubchich Vyacheslav , Gel Yulia R. , Poor H. Vincent 
Published: May 2021

Significance
Multilayer network clustering is used in such diverse areas as optimal islanding of critical infrastructures, analysis of trade agreements, and monitoring ecological interaction patterns. We propose a perspective on multilayer network clustering based on the concept of shape. By invoking the machinery of topological data analysis, we first study a shape of each node neighborhood and then group nodes based on how similar shapes of their local neighborhoods are. The significance of this methodology can be viewed through an emerging problem of sustainability of house insurance to climate risks. The topological perspective opens possibilities for more systematic, robust, and mathematically rigorous integration of higher-order network properties and their interplay to the analysis of complex networks.
A biophysical limit for quorum sensing in biofilms
Authors: Narla Avaneesh V. , Borenstein David Bruce , Wingreen Ned S. 
Published: May 2021

Significance
Biofilms are a ubiquitous form of bacterial community. Within biofilms, bacteria communicate via chemical signals in a process called quorum sensing (QS). However, if signal production is nutrient-limited, then the nutrient-deficient interior of a biofilm cannot contribute to QS, which limits the ability of bacteria to assess their own population and behave accordingly. Numerical simulations of competitions among biofilm bacteria led us to discover a biophysical limit on the efficacy of nutrient-limited QS. In view of this limit, we conclude that to be most effective QS signal production should be a prized function that is not metabolically slaved.
Rhotics in Standard Scottish English
Authors: Meer Philipp , Fuchs Robert , Gerfer Anika , Gut Ulrike , Li Zeyu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The present study investigates rhotics in Standard Scottish English (SSE). Drawing on an auditory analysis of formal
speeches given in the Scottish parliament by 49 speakers (members of parliament and the general public), it examines whether an underlying
rhotic standard exists for SSE speakers from all over Scotland, whether and where rhotics are realized as trills/taps or approximants, and
what factors influence variation in the realization and distribution of rhotics. The results show that SSE is variably rhotic, with 54% of
all non-linking coda /r/ realized, and that trills/taps are more frequent in intervocalic (onset and linking coda) position. The findings
contradict the idea of SSE being generally rhotic but rather confirm previous reports of increasing occurrence of non-rhoticity, not just by
specific speaker groups, but also in a formal context. They further show that variation in rhotics in SSE foremost tends to be affected by
language-internal than language-external factors.
Reconsidering poetry’s difficulty and value in English as a second language and English as a foreign language
education
Authors: Boldireff Anastasia , Bober Chris 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
There is a longstanding stigma attached to the use of poetry in English Language Teaching (ELT). Poetry is
considered difficult and peripheral to ELT curricula and L2 teacher education. Until recently, there was little scholarly interest
in studying the effectiveness of poetry in second language teaching. This article aims to advance the research on the use of
poetry in ELT. Using a systematic literature review approach covering the years 2008–2020, the present study investigates whether
poetry remains underused and undervalued. It is structured around the questions: Is poetry a difficult subject to teach to ESL/EFL
learners and learn by L2 students? What value is there to teaching poetry in ELT? Of the 199 peer reviewed journal articles
retrieved, 43 met the inclusion criteria for this study and were examined in-depth. Two themes emerged from the analysis: the
perception of poetry and using poetry as a research tool in ELT. The majority of evidence was qualitative research, which included
19 case studies; whereas, the most used quantitative research designs were Random Control Trials. We attest to the need for more
rigorous scholarship on the part of researchers. Results show that poetry is a valuable tool for ESL/EFL students and teachers,
and not difficult for L2 learners. This study concludes with a call for including poetry in teaching practices.
Acute metformin administration increases mean power and the early Power phase during a Wingate test in healthy male subjects
Authors: Bastos‐Silva Victor José , Marinho Alisson Henrique , Bezerra da Silva José Bruno , de Barros Sousa Filipe Antônio , Learsi Sara , Balikian Pedro , Gomes de Araujo Gustavo 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTThe present study tested the hypothesis that acute metformin would increase peak power measured during a Wingate test. Fourteen men (24 ± 6 years; 75.8 ± 10.2 kg; 177 ± 7 cm) participated in four test sessions, conducted in a crossover, counterbalanced, double‐blind model. The first and second sessions consisted of anthropometric measurements and one Wingate test per day to assess test‐retest reliability. In the last two sessions, the Wingate tests were performed on metformin (500 mg capsule, 1 hour before) or placebo (cellulose capsule, 1 hour before) condition. No differences were found between the placebo and metformin for peak power (1056.8 ± 215.8 W vs. 1095.2 ± 199.3 W, respectively; p = 0.24). Mean power (630.9 ± 87.8 W vs. 613.1 ± 94.8 W, respectively; p=0.01) and total work (18928 ± 2633 kJ vs. 18393 ± 2845 kJ, respectively; p = 0.01) in the metformin condition were higher than the placebo. The power were greater in metformin when compared to the placebo in moments 3 (p = 0.01), 4 (p = 0.01), 5 (p = 0.04), 6 (p = 0.04), 7 (p = 0.02), 8 (p = 0.03) and 9 (p = 0.01) seconds. There were no differences between conditions for the peak lactate (p = 0.08) and the rating of perceived exertion (p = 0.84). Acute metformin administration increased the early power phase and the mean power of a Wingate test.
Final report, on-going key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, ozone at ambient level, comparison with METAS, July 2020
Authors: Viallon Joële , Idrees Faraz , Moussay Philippe , Wielgosz Robert , Nierderhauser Bernhard 
Published: May 2021

Main text
As part of the ongoing key comparison BIPM.QM-K1, a comparison has been performed between the ozone standard of Switzerland maintained by the Swiss Federal Office of Metrology (METAS) and the common reference standard of the key comparison, maintained by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM). The instruments have been compared over a nominal ozone amount-of-substance fraction range from 0 nmol/mol to 500 nmol/mol.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
On the potential of hard ferrite ceramics for permanent magnet technology—a review on sintering strategies
Authors: Granados-Miralles Cecilia , Jenuš Petra 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A plethora of modern technologies rely on permanent magnets for their operation, including many related to the transition towards a sustainable future, such as wind turbines or electric vehicles. Despite the overwhelming superiority of magnets based on rare-earth elements in terms of the magnetic performance, the harmful environmental impact of the mining of these raw materials, their uneven distribution on Earth and various political conflicts among countries leave no option but seeking for rare-earth-free alternatives. The family of the hexagonal ferrites or hexaferrites, and in particular the barium and strontium M-type ferrites (BaFe12O19 and SrFe12O19), are strong candidates for a partial rare-earth magnets substitution, and they are indeed successfully implemented in multiple applications. The manufacturing of hexaferrites into dense pieces (i.e. magnets) meeting the requirements of the specific application (e.g. magnetic and mechanical properties, shape) is not always straightforward, which has in many cases hampered the actual substitution at the industrial level. Here, past and on-going research on hexaferrites sintering is reviewed with a historical perspective, focusing on the challenges encountered and the solutions explored, and correlating the sintering approaches with the magnetic performance of the resulting ceramic magnet.
Cold plasma treatment of catalytic materials: a review
Authors: Di Lanbo , Zhang Jingsen , Zhang Xiuling , Wang Hongyang , Li Hong , Li Yanqin , Bu Decai 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCatalytic materials play important roles in chemical, energy, and environmental fields. The exhaustion of fossil fuels and the resulting deteriorative environment have become worldwide problems to be solved urgently. Therefore, treatment of catalytic materials by a green process is required for a sustainable future, and the atom efficiency of the catalytic materials should be improved at the same time. Cold plasma is rich in high-energy electrons and active species, and the gas temperature can be close to room temperature. It has been proved to be a fast, facile, and environmentally friendly novel method for treating catalytic materials, and has aroused increasing research interests. First, plasma treatment can achieve the reduction, deposition, combination, and decomposition of active components during the preparation of catalytic materials. The fast, low-temperature plasma process with a strong electric field in it leads to different types of nucleation and crystal growth compared to conventional thermal methods. Correspondingly, the synthesized catalytic materials generally possess smaller particle sizes and controlled structure depending on the plasma processing parameters and the materials to be treated, which can enhance their activity and stability. Second, plasma treatment can achieve the modification, doping, etching, and exfoliation of the catalytic materials, which can tune the surface properties and electronic structures of the catalytic materials to expose more active sites. Third, plasma treatment can regenerate deactivated catalytic materials by removing the carbon deposits or other poisons, and reconstruction of the destroyed structure. This work reviews the current status of research on cold plasma treatment of catalytic materials. The focus is on physical and chemical processes during plasma processing, the processing mechanism of the catalytic materials, as well as the future challenges in this filed.
Design of a magnetically driven current cloak
Authors: García-Gordillo A S , Altshuler E 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
An inhomogeneity into a conductive matrix deforms the flow pattern of an applied electric current. A usual current cloak can be defined as a permanent modification of the matrix properties around the inhomogeneity guaranteeing that the current flow pattern is similar before and after passing by the modified zone, so it implies the ‘electrical invisibility’ of the inhomogeneous region. Here we introduce the concept of a current cloak that can be tuned by means on an external field. We demonstrate analytically and using finite elements simulations that a current cloak can be constructed and manipulated by an external magnetic field for a concrete system consisting in a magneto-resistive matrix with an inclusion of larger conductivity.