bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Power Spectrum and Structure Function of the Gamma-Ray Emission from the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Besserglik Daniel , Goldman Itzhak 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Fermi-LAT observational data of the diffuse γ ray emission from the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) were examined to test for the existence of underlying long-range correlations. A statistical test applied to the data indicated that the probability that data are random is extremely small. Thus we proceeded and have used the counts-number data to compute 2D spatial autocorrelation, power spectrum, and structure function. The most important result of the present study is a clear indication for large-scale spatial underlying correlations. This is evident in all the functions mentioned above. The 2D power spectrum has a logarithmic slope of −3 on large spatial scales and a logarithmic slope of −4 on small spatial scales. The structure function has logarithmic slopes equaling 1 and 2 for the large and small scales, respectively. The logarithmic slopes of the structure function and the power spectrum are consistent. A plausible interpretation of these results is the existence of a large-scale supersonic compressible turbulence with a 3D logarithmic slope of −4 extending over scales comparable to the size of the LMC. Both the power spectrum and structure function exhibit steeper logarithmic slopes for smaller spatial scales. This is interpreted as an indication that the turbulent region has an effective depth of about 1.5 kpc.
Huffing and Puffing and Blowing Your House In: Strong Stellar Wind Interaction with a Supermassive Black Hole
Authors: Lora V. , Raga A. C. , Cantó J. , Esquivel A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We present analytical and numerical models of a cluster wind flow resulting from the interaction of stellar winds of massive stars with a supermassive black hole (SMBH). We consider the motion of the stars as well as the gravitational force of the SMBH. In the numerical simulations we consider two cases: the first one with the stars in circular orbits around the SMBH, and the second one with the stars in eccentric orbits. We found that after the system reaches an equilibrium, the circular and elliptical cases are very similar. We found a very good agreement between the analytical and numerical results, not only from our numerical simulations but also from other high-resolution numerical calculations. The analytical models are very interesting, since the properties of such complex systems involving strong winds and a massive compact object can be rapidly inferred without the need of a numerical calculation.
On the Origin of Stochastic, Low-Frequency Photometric Variability in Massive Stars
Authors: Cantiello Matteo , Lecoanet Daniel , Jermyn Adam S. , Grassitelli Luca 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
High-precision photometric observations have revealed ubiquitous stochastic low-frequency photometric variability in early-type stars. It has been suggested that this variability arises due to either subsurface convection or internal gravity waves launched by the convective core. Here we show that relevant properties of convection in subsurface convective layers correlate very well with the timescale and amplitude of stochastic low-frequency photometric variability, as well as with the amplitude of macroturbulence. We suggest that low-frequency, stochastic photometric variability and surface turbulence in massive stars are caused by the presence of subsurface convection. We show that an explanation for the observed surface photometric variability and macroturbulence relying on convective core driven internal gravity waves encounters a number of difficulties and seems unlikely to be able to explain the observed trends.
Asteroid 16 Psyche: Shape, Features, and Global Map
Authors: Shepard Michael K. , de Kleer Katherine , Cambioni Saverio , Taylor Patrick A. , Virkki Anne K. , Rívera-Valentin Edgard G. , Rodriguez Sanchez-Vahamonde Carolina , Fernanda Zambrano-Marin Luisa , Magri Christopher , Dunham David , Moore John , Camarca Maria 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We develop a shape model of asteroid 16 Psyche using observations acquired in a wide range of wavelengths: Arecibo S-band delay-Doppler imaging, Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) plane-of-sky imaging, adaptive optics (AO) images from Keck and the Very Large Telescope (VLT), and a recent stellar occultation. Our shape model has dimensions 278 (−4/+8 km) × 238(−4/+6 km) × 171 km (−1/+5 km), an effective spherical diameter D
eff = 222-1/+4 km, and a spin axis (ecliptic lon, lat) of (36°, −8°) ± 2°. We survey all the features previously reported to exist, tentatively identify several new features, and produce a global map of Psyche. Using 30 calibrated radar echoes, we find Psyche’s overall radar albedo to be 0.34 ± 0.08 suggesting that the upper meter of regolith has a significant metal (i.e., Fe–Ni) content. We find four regions of enhanced or complex radar albedo, one of which correlates well with a previously identified feature on Psyche, and all of which appear to correlate with patches of relatively high optical albedo. Based on these findings, we cannot rule out a model of Psyche as a remnant core, but our preferred interpretation is that Psyche is a differentiated world with a regolith composition analogous to enstatite or CH/CB chondrites and peppered with localized regions of high metal concentrations. The most credible formation mechanism for these regions is ferrovolcanism as proposed by Johnson et al. (2020).
The Association of Psoriatic Arthritis With All-cause Mortality and Leading Causes of Death in Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Haddad Amir , Saliba Walid , Lavi Idit , Batheesh Amin , Kasem Samir , Gazitt Tal , Feldhamer Ilan , Cohen Arnon Dov , Zisman Devy 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo examine the association between psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and all-cause mortality from a large population-based database.MethodsPatients with PsA from the Clalit Health Services database were identified between 2003–2018 and matched to 4 controls by age, sex, ethnicity, and index date. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and treatments were extracted. Mortality data were obtained from the Israeli Notification of Death certificate. The proportionate mortality rate (PMR) of the leading causes of death was calculated and compared to that of the general population. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the crude and the multivariate adjusted HR for the association between PsA and all-cause mortality and for factors associated with mortality within the PsA group.ResultsThere were 5275 patients with PsA and 21,011 controls included and followed for 7.2 ± 4.4 years. The mean age was 51.7 ± 15.4 years, and 53% were females. Among patients with PsA, 38.2% were on biologics. Four hundred seventy-one (8.9%) patients died in the PsA group compared to 1668 (7.9%) in the control group. The crude HR for the association of PsA and all-cause mortality was 1.16 (95% CI 1.04–1.29) and 1.02 (95% CI 0.90–1.15) on multivariate analysis. Malignancy was the leading cause of death (26%), followed by ischemic heart disease (15.8%); this is in keeping with the leading causes of death in the general population. Older age, male sex, lower socioeconomic status, increased BMI, increased Charlson comorbidity index scores, and history of psoriasis or hospitalization in 1 year prior to entry were positive predictors for mortality.ConclusionNo clinically relevant increase in mortality rate was observed in patients with PsA, and specific PMRs were similar to those of the general population.
Esophageal Dilation and Other Clinical Factors Associated With Pulmonary Function Decline in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Showalter Kimberly , Hoffmann Aileen , Richardson Carrie , Aaby David , Lee Jungwha , Dematte Jane , Agrawal Rishi , Savas Hatice , Wu Xiaoping , Chang Rowland W. , Hinchcliff Monique 
Published: July 2021

ObjectiveTo identify clinical factors, including esophageal dilation on chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), that are associated with pulmonary function decline in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).MethodsPatients fulfilled 2013 SSc criteria and had ≥ 1 HRCT and ≥ 2 pulmonary function tests (PFTs). According to published methods, widest esophageal diameter (WED) and radiographic interstitial lung disease (ILD) were assessed, and WED was dichotomized as dilated (≥ 19 mm) vs not dilated (< 19 mm). Clinically meaningful PFT decline was defined as % predicted change in forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥ 5 and/or diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) ≥ 15. Linear mixed effects models were used to model PFT change over time.ResultsOne hundred thirty-eight patients with SSc met the study criteria: 100 (72%) had radiographic ILD; 49 (35%) demonstrated FVC decline (median follow-up 2.9 yrs). Patients with antitopoisomerase I (Scl-70) autoantibodies had 5-year FVC% predicted decline (–6.33, 95% CI –9.87 to –2.79), whereas patients without Scl-70 demonstrated 5-year FVC stability (+1.78, 95% CI –0.59 to 4.15). Esophageal diameter did not distinguish between those with vs without FVC decline. Patients with esophageal dilation had statistically significant 5-year DLCO% predicted decline (–5.58, 95% CI –10.00 to –1.15), but this decline was unlikely clinically significant. Similar results were observed in the subanalysis of patients with radiographic ILD.ConclusionIn patients with SSc, Scl-70 positivity is a risk factor for FVC% predicted decline at 5 years. Esophageal dilation on HRCT was associated with a minimal, nonclinically significant decline in DLCO and no change in FVC during the 5-year follow-up. These results have prognostic implications for SSc-ILD patients with esophageal dilation.
Signifié du suicide et de l’infanticide chez les Africains asservis
Authors: Tardieu Jean-Pierre 
Published: July 2021

Pour l’Africain réduit à l’esclavage outre-mer le suicide et l’infanticide relevaient bien souvent de l’exigence du culte des ancêtres. Car il était « mnémon », « celui qui se souvient, qui doit emmagasiner dans sa tête tout le savoir permettant que chacun connaisse son identité » (J.-P. Vernant). Le suicide ou l’infanticide lui donnaient ainsi accès au monde des ancêtres et permettaient de participer de nouveau à la vie de la communauté dont il avait été arraché.
Vers un monde digitalisé de la formation ?
Authors: Jacquot Thierry , Hoffmann Steve 
Published: July 2021

La digitalisation est au cœur des enjeux de la formation. Le présent article reprend les principales formes de digitalisation et d’animation des dispositifs numériques en comparant leurs conditions préalables d’utilisation. Les formations combinant les cours en présentiel et à distance l’emportent en termes d’efficacité sur le seul enseignement à distance. À titre de démonstration, un classement des dispositifs numériques selon les quatre critères suivants est proposé : le niveau d’interactivité, l’efficience, l’étendue des compétences développées et la capacité des apprenants à utiliser les connaissances acquises dans un contexte pratique. Cette typologie permet de soutenir que, malgré la diversité des outils technologiques, un apprentissage en blended learning ou encore le game based learning sont privilégiés pour leurs caractéristiques telles que l’expérimentation ou encore la mise en situation collaborative. Mais l’efficacité des outils digitalisés dépend beaucoup du respect de quelques principes fondamentaux à intégrer dans leur conception et surtout dans l’animation de la formation. De manière générale un apprentissage, sous forme traditionnelle ou en ligne, est efficace sous condition d’être adapté à son public cible et de miser sur une formation humanisée associant qualité d’animation, interactivité et démarche réflexive.
Continuité pédagogique, innovation en formation et e-learning : le cas de l’École Supérieure de l’Immobilier
Authors: Cheminant Thierry , Rasolofo-Distler Fana , Husson Julien 
Published: July 2021

Face au premier confinement dû à la crise sanitaire du Covid 19, l’Ecole Supérieure de l’Immobilier (ESI) s’est trouvée dans l’obligation d’assurer la continuité pédagogique pour tous ses programmes : diplômants ou de formation continue. Pour faire face à ce défi pédagogique et technologique, elle s’est appuyée sur son expérience du e-learning pour déployer un projet ambitieux visant à organiser l’essentiel de ses programmes en distanciel. Cette recherche-intervention décrit le processus appliqué et mobilise les retours d’expériences recueillis auprès des acteurs impliqués : enseignants, formateurs, étudiants et professionnels. Il en résulte que le déploiement de cette innovation pédagogique a démontré sa pertinence, son efficacité et la capacité d’appropriation du e-learning par les apprenants et les enseignants, démontrant ainsi la capacité entrepreneuriale de l’ESI.
Le théâtre, un support pédagogique innovant pour développer le capital culturel des étudiants
Authors: Kuhn Antony , Moulin Yves 
Published: July 2021

L’université française, au cours des deux dernières décennies, a connu un double mouvement : un accroissement du nombre de ses diplômés et une standardisation des intitulés des formations délivrées dans le cadre de l’harmonisation européenne des systèmes universitaires. Dans ce nouveau contexte, comment les composantes universitaires peuvent-elles différencier leur offre de formation ? Comment peuvent-elles aider leurs étudiants à se singulariser sur un marché du travail qui compte deux fois moins d’emplois de cadres que de diplômés du supérieur ? Une réponse réside dans le développement d’innovations pédagogiques visant à faciliter l’apprentissages de compétences comportementales et relationnelles des étudiants. Après avoir approfondi le rôle du capital culturel et des soft skills dans l’insertion professionnelle des étudiants, cette communication présente trois projets pédagogiques qui ont mis en relation des enseignements académiques et des représentations théâtrales.
La mondialisation des entreprises françaises à partir des années 1980, un changement global d’échelle et de logique
Authors: Torres Félix 
Published: July 2021

Des années 1980 aux années 2000, la première phase de la 2 e mondialisation a été l’un des phénomènes majeurs de la fin du XX e et du début du XXI e siècle. L’une de ses caractéristiques est l’essor de Firmes multinationales (FMN) agissant de manière globale et intégrée au-delà de la simple internationalisation des décennies d’après-guerre. Si l’économie française a subi plutôt qu’endossé ce mouvement, la mondialisation poussée qui a été celle des grandes entreprises françaises a pour l’instant été peu étudiée. Le mouvement d’externalisation des FMN hexagonales procède de l’imbrication de plusieurs phénomènes, dans un contexte de retrait de l’État : nécessité de trouver des relais de croissance hors d’un marché domestique mature, mais aussi une émancipation des carcans étatistes et fiscaux de celui-ci dans le cadre d’une planète économique globalisée, marquée notamment par la financiarisation, l’intégration des marchés et des processus de production. Dans cette perspective, la globalisation a signifié pour les FMN françaises, anciennes, nouvelles ou « born again » une véritable métamorphose qui a radicalement modifié leurs stratégies, leurs domaines d’activité, leur financement, capital et gouvernance. Deux autres caractéristiques de la mondialisation des grandes entreprises françaises méritent d’être signalées : un large spectre d’activités, analogue à celui des FMN américaines ; une stratégie active de conquête de parts de marché mondiales grâce à une politique plus ou moins agressive d’acquisitions externes plutôt qu’une croissance organique « à l’allemande » autour de grandes chaines de valeur.
Characteristics Shifting of Heart Disease in Pregnancy: A Report from Low Middle-Income Country
Authors: Puspa Pitaloka Cyntia , Secka Absa , Ernawati Ernawati , Sulistyono Agus , Juwono Hermanto Tri , Gumilar Dachlan Erry , Aditiawarman  
Published: July 2021

Background Heart disease in pregnancy is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality and morbidity in developing countries. However, the characteristics of the disease vary between countries and regions. This study aimed to present the characteristics of pregnant women with heart disease in an economically advantageous region of a developing country. Design and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Weekly Report of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department to assess pregnant women with heart disease characteristics and pregnancy outcomes. A total sample of 69 pregnant women with heart disease regarding theirgestational age was included in the study. Variables observed were maternal characteristics, heart disease's clinical parameter, and maternal and neonatal outcomes. Chi-square test was used to examine the different characteristics of congenital and acquired heart disease groups. Results The prevalence of cardiac disease in pregnancy was 5.19%. Fifty-three point six percent of pregnant women with heart disease were suffered from congenital heart disease (CHD), while 46.4% were acquired heart disease (AHD). Most labor methods were Cesarean delivery, and 69.6% of women experienced cardiac complications. Maternal death was reported in 8.69% of cases. Four cases were CHD complicated by pulmonary hypertension, which leads to Eisenmenger syndrome. Two other cases were AHD complicated by Peripartum Cardiomyopathies. Although statistically insignificant, complications are more common in the AHD group than CHD. Conclusion Cardiac disease prevalence in pregnancy is considered high, with CHD as the most common case, which significantly differs from other developing countries.
Sequential Presentation of Bilateral Brown Syndrome
Authors: Bagheri Abbas , Abbasnia Ehsan , Abrishami Alireza , Tavakoli Mehdi 
Published: July 2021

Purpose:
To present a case of bilateral Brown syndrome who presented as a unilateral disease and then showed the disease in the fellow eye in an older age.

Methods:
A 4-year-old girl presented with congenital Brown syndrome of the left eye and underwent a superior oblique weakening procedure in that eye, but then developed Brown syndrome in the right eye which required two more surgeries on the right eye to attain an acceptable alignment.

Results:
Her orbital computed tomography scan revealed that the distance between the annulus of Zinn and trochlea (Z-T distance) was 41.2 mm in both sides, which was comparatively longer than her age- and sex-matched cases. This finding can suggest a possible mechanism of Brown syndrome development in some patients.

Conclusion:
Bilateral Brown syndrome can present as a sequential disease, and its radiologic finding may be associated with increased Z-T distance.
Perioperative Management of Antithrombotic Medications
Authors: Garcia Giancarlo A , Bair Henry , Kossler Andrea L 
Published: July 2021

Purpose:
To investigate the availability and content of educational statements or recommendations disseminated by U. S. ophthalmologic organizations regarding perioperative management of antithrombotic agents for ophthalmic and orbital surgery, given the highly variable management of these agents by U. S. ophthalmologists and limited consensus recommendations in the literature.

Methods:
National U. S. ophthalmic surgical organization websites were systematically examined for educational statements, which were reviewed for discussion of perioperative management of antithrombotic agents including antiplatelet and anticoagulant medications. A “statement” was defined as either: (a) a guideline directed toward ophthalmologists or (b) a surgical/clinical educational posting directed toward ophthalmologists or patients.

Results:
Fourteen surgical organizations were identified, with eight of these publishing clinical/surgical educational statements. A total of 3408 organizational statements were identified, with 252 (7.4%) and 3156 (92.6%) statements directed toward physicians and patients, respectively. In total, 0.3% (9/3408) of statements discussed perioperative management of antithrombotics. These accounted for 0.8% (2/252) of ophthalmologist-directed statements and 0.2% (7/3156) of patient-directed statements. The majority of patient-directed statements (57.1%, 4/7) recommended that patients discuss antithrombotic cessation with their ophthalmologists, though ophthalmologist-directed information regarding these medications was scant or absent.

Conclusions:
Educational material from U. S. ophthalmologic organizations regarding perioperative management of antithrombotics is notably lacking despite the fact that ophthalmic and orbital surgeries carry unique vision-threatening hemorrhagic risks. Given these risks, as well as the medicolegal consequences of hemorrhagic complications in ophthalmic surgery, increased dissemination of educational material, and consensus statements by ophthalmic surgical organizations on the perioperative management of antithrombotics may be justified.
Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on dry eye following phacoemulsification
Authors: Kesba Mahmoud M. , Saif Mohamed Y.S. , Saeed Moustafa A. 
Published: July 2021

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids on dry eye after phacoemulsification.

Patients and methods
This is a randomized controlled clinical trial which included 50 patients who developed dry eye symptoms following phacoemulsification. They were randomly allocated into two groups, with 25 patients each. The first group received an omega-3 dietary supplementation of 1000 mg in addition to the conventional treatment (artificial tears and anti-inflammatory eye drops) for 3 months. The second group received only artificial tears and anti-inflammatory eye drops. Both groups received treatment from September 2019 to March 2020, and they were followed up for 3 months. All patients had the same diagnostic tests (Schirmer test, ocular surface disease index, and tear break-up time), postoperatively.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the demographic data. However, a significant difference was noted in the tear break-up time test scores (11.08±3.29 and 9.20±1.87 s) in the treatment and control groups, respectively. In addition, the ocular surface disease index showed a statistically significant difference between the treatment and control groups (19.41±9.69 and 31.23±11.66, respectively) after 3 months. No significant difference (P=0.186) was noted in the Schirmer test between the treatment and the control groups (9.16±2.72 and 8.12±2.76 mm, respectively).

Conclusions
The study showed that the addition of omega-3 fatty acid supplements after phacoemulsification can reduce the incidence of dry eye and improve both the objective and subjective measurements of dry eye.