bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upcoming immunotherapeutic combinations for B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Greve Patrick , Meyer-Wentrup Friederike A G , Peperzak Victor , Boes Marianne 
Published: February 2021

SummaryAfter initial introduction for B-cell lymphomas as adjuvant therapies to established cancer treatments, immune checkpoint inhibitors and other immunotherapies are now integrated in mainstream regimens, both in adult and pediatric patients. We here provide an overview of the current status of combination therapies for B-cell lymphoma, by in-depth analysis of combination therapy trials registered between 2015–2020. Our analysis provides new insight into the rapid evolution in lymphoma treatment, as propelled by new additions to the treatment arsenal. We conclude with prospects on upcoming clinical trials which will likely use systematic testing approaches of more combinations of established chemotherapy regimens with new agents, as well as new combinations of immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Future trials will be set up as basket or umbrella-type trials to facilitate the evaluation of new drugs targeting specific genetic changes in the tumor or associated immune microenvironment. As such, lymphoma patients will benefit by receiving more tailored treatment that is based on synergistic effects of chemotherapy combined with new agents targeting specific aspects of tumor biology and the immune system.
The structure of maps on the space of all quantum pure states that preserve a fixed quantum angle
Authors: Gehér György Pál , Mori Michiya 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Let $H$ be a Hilbert space and $P(H)$ be the projective space of all quantum pure states. Wigner’s theorem states that every bijection $\phi \colon P(H)\to P(H)$ that preserves the quantum angle between pure states is automatically induced by either a unitary or an antiunitary operator $U\colon H\to H$. Uhlhorn’s theorem generalizes this result for bijective maps $\phi $ that are only assumed to preserve the quantum angle $\frac{\pi }{2}$ (orthogonality) in both directions. Recently, two papers, written by Li–Plevnik–Šemrl and Gehér, solved the corresponding structural problem for bijections that preserve only one fixed quantum angle $\alpha $ in both directions, provided that $0 &lt; \alpha \leq \frac{\pi }{4}$ holds. In this paper we solve the remaining structural problem for quantum angles $\alpha $ that satisfy $\frac{\pi }{4} &lt; \alpha &lt; \frac{\pi }{2}$, hence complete a programme started by Uhlhorn. In particular, it turns out that these maps are always induced by unitary or antiunitary operators, however, our assumption is much weaker than Wigner’s.
Foucault’s Christianities
Authors: Clements Niki Kasumi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe publication of Michel Foucault’s Les Aveux de la chair (History of Sexuality, Volume 4: Confessions of the Flesh) thirty-four years after his death highlights and complicates the relevance of Christian texts—notably from the second through fifth centuries—to Foucault’s forms of critical analysis between 1974 and 1984, as his interests migrate from monastic disciplines to pastoral power to governmentality to the care of the self. What begins as suspicion towards confession as a tool of Catholic power anticipating modern psychoanalysis becomes a critical genealogy of subjectivity from western antiquity to modernity. To frame Foucault’s dynamic engagement with forms of Christianity, I establish three stages over his last decade as he moves from diagnosing mechanisms of power to analyzing ethics as care of the self. Tracing Foucault’s textual and critical developments enables better analysis of Confessions of the Flesh and affirms methodological possibilities in the study of religion today.
Optimum grape pomace proportion in feedlot cattle diets: ruminal fermentation, total tract nutrient digestibility, nitrogen utilization, and blood metabolites
Authors: Vinyard James R , Myers Cheyanne A , Murdoch Gordon K , Rezamand Pedram , Chibisa Gwinyai E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Because of its high content of polyphenolic compounds, the dietary inclusion of grape pomace (GP) in ruminant diets can reduce reactive nitrogen (N) and methane emissions and enhance the shelf life and beneficial fatty acids (FAs) content of meat. However, the dietary inclusion of GP beyond a threshold that is still to be determined for feedlot cattle can also compromise nutrient supply and, thus, growth performance. This study investigated the optimum proportion of GP in finishing cattle diets. Nutrient intake and apparent total tract digestion, ruminal pH and fermentation, estimated microbial protein synthesis, route of N excretion, and blood metabolites were measured. Six ruminally fistulated crossbred beef heifers (mean initial body weight ± SD: 714 ± 50.7 kg) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with 21-d periods. Dietary treatments were 0%, 15%, and 30% of dietary dry matter (DM) as GP, with diets containing 84%, 69%, and 54% dry-rolled barley grain, respectively. There was a linear increase (P = 0.07) in DM intake and quadratic change (P ≤ 0.01) in neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake. There was a quadratic change (P ≤ 0.04) in apparent total tract DM, NDF, and crude protein digestibility as dietary GP content increased. However, there were no treatment effects (P ≥ 0.18) on total ruminal short-chain FA concentration and duration and area pH &lt; 6.2, 5.8, and 5.5. Although N intake did not differ (269, 262, 253 g/d; P = 0.33) across dietary treatments, feeding GP led to a tendency for a quadratic change (P ≤ 0.07) in ruminal ammonia-N and plasma urea-N concentrations. Total N excretion also changed (quadratic, P = 0.03) because of changes (quadratic, P = 0.02) in fecal N excretion as urinary excretion of N and urea-N did not differ (P ≥ 0.15) across treatments. Feeding GP led to quadratic changes (P ≤ 0.01) in fecal excretion of fiber-bound N. Microbial N flow and apparent N retention also changed (quadratic, P ≤ 0.04) as dietary GP proportion increased. In conclusion, responses to dietary GP proportion were mostly quadratic with indications that nutrient supply as reflected by changes in apparent total tract nutrient digestibility, microbial N supply, and apparent N retention could be compromised beyond a 15% dietary inclusion level.
Inhibition of flippase-like activity by tubulin regulates phosphatidylserine exposure in erythrocytes from hypertensive and diabetic patients
Authors: Muhlberger Tamara , Balach Melisa Micaela , Bisig Carlos Gastón , Santander Verónica Silvina , Monesterolo Noelia Edith , Casale Cesar Horacio , Campetelli Alexis Nazareno 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Plasma membrane tubulin is an endogenous regulator of P-ATPases and the unusual accumulation of tubulin in the erythrocyte membrane results in a partial inhibition of some their activities, causing hemorheological disorders like reduced cell deformability and osmotic resistance. These disorders are of particular interest in hypertension and diabetes, where the abnormal increase in membrane tubulin may be related to the disease development. Phosphatidylserine (PS) is more exposed on the membrane of diabetic erythrocytes than in healthy cells. In most cells, PS is transported from the exoplasmic to the cytoplasmic leaflet of the membrane by lipid flippases. Here, we report that PS is more exposed in erythrocytes from both hypertensive and diabetic patients than in healthy erythrocytes, which could be attributed to the inhibition of flippase activity by tubulin. This is supported by: (i) the translocation rate of a fluorescent PS analog in hypertensive and diabetic erythrocytes was slower than in healthy cells, (ii) the pharmacological variation of membrane tubulin in erythrocytes and K562 cells was linked to changes in PS translocation and (iii) the P-ATPase-dependent PS translocation in inside-out vesicles (IOVs) from human erythrocytes was inhibited by tubulin. These results suggest that tubulin regulates flippase activity and hence, the membrane phospholipid asymmetry.
XR collaboration beyond virtual reality: work in the real world
Authors: Lee Yongjae , Yoo Byounghyun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Collaborating in a physically remote location saves time and money. Many remote collaboration systems have been studied and commercialized. Their capabilities have been confined to virtual objects and information. More recent studies have focused on collaborating in a physical environment and with physical objects. However, they have limitations including shaky and unstable views (scenes), view dependence, low scalability, and poor content expression. In this paper, we propose a web-based extended reality (XR) collaboration system that alleviates the aforementioned issues and enables effective, reproducible cooperation. Our proposed system comprises three parts: interaction device webization, which expands the web browser’s device interfaces; unified XR representation, which describes content interoperable in both virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR); and unified coordinate creation, which enables presenting physical objects’ pose in world coordinates. With this system, a user in VR can intuitively instruct the manipulation of a physical object by manipulating a virtual object representative of the physical object. Conversely, a user in AR can catch up with the instruction by observing the augmented virtual object on the physical object. Moreover, as the pose of the physical object at the AR user’s worksite is reflected in the virtual object, the VR user can recognize the working progress and give feedback to the AR user. To improve remote collaboration, we surveyed XR collaboration studies and proposed a new method for classifying XR collaborative applications based on the virtual–real engagement and ubiquitous computing continuum. We implemented a prototype and conducted a survey among submarine crews, most of whom were positively inclined to use our system, to convey that the system would be helpful in improving their job performance. Furthermore, we suggested possible improvements to it to enhance each participant’s understanding of the other user’s context within the XR collaboration.
Biocontrol Potential ofNeoseiulus californicus(Mesostigmata : Phytoseiidae) AgainstOligonychus punicae(Acari: Tetranychidae) in Avocado
Authors: Oliveira Hamilton , Sarmento Renato de Almeida , Girardo Alberto S , Alonzo Cecilia , Hernández Gustavo , Gutierrez Gabriel , Pinto Ismael O 
Published: February 2021

AbstractOligonychus punicae (Hirst) (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae) is a common pest in Mexican avocado orchards. Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae) is frequently found associated with avocado orchards in Mexico and may be an important aid for controlling O. punicae. Given the lack of information in the scientific literature, this study evaluated the predation and oviposition of N. californicus when fed O. punicae at different developmental stages in a no-choice experiment. We also assessed fluctuations in the population size of O. punicae and N. californicus in commercial avocado orchards; correlations among mite density and air temperature, humidity, and precipitation in commercial avocado orchards; and the correlations between prey and predator populations. The no-choice test revealed that N. californicus adult females fed on O. punicae of all developmental stages, with higher levels of predation being recorded for eggs, followed by larvae. The highest oviposition values of N. californicus females were observed when females were fed O. punicae eggs. In orchards, the populations of both mites increased between February and June. The populations peaked during the warmest months of the year, with O. punicae populations peaking between June and July and N. californicus peaking in August. In addition, the population size of N. californicus was significantly and positively correlated with rainfall, air temperature, and the population densities of O. punicae. Meanwhile, O. punicae population size was positively correlated with air temperature, and the population of its predator N. californicus.
Fitness Costs Associated with Pyrethroid Resistance in Halotydeus destructor (Tucker) (Acari: Penthaleidae) Elucidated Through Semi-field Trials
Authors: Cheng Xuan , Hoffmann Ary A , Edwards Owain R , Umina Paul A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Pyrethroid resistance in the redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor (Tucker), is primarily attributed to a kdr (knockdown resistance) mutation in the parasodium channel gene. To assess fitness costs associated with this resistance, adult resistant and susceptible populations were mixed in different proportions in microcosm tubs and placed in a shade-house simulating field conditions. Three separate experiments were undertaken whereby parental mites were collected from the field and offspring were followed for two to three generations. The association between fitness costs and kdr-mediated resistance was investigated by examining differences in mite numbers and changes in resistant allele frequencies across generations. In two (of the three) experiments, the population fitness measure of mites was significantly lower in microcosms containing a higher proportion of resistant individuals compared with treatments containing susceptible mites. No differences in mite fitness were observed between treatments in the third experiment; in this instance, the starting proportion of individuals homozygous for the resistant mutation was much lower (~40%) than in the other experiments (&gt;90%). In all three experiments, a decrease in the resistant allele frequency across mite generations was observed. These findings indicate a potential deleterious pleiotropic effect of the kdr mutation on the fitness of H. destructor and have implications for resistance management strategies aimed at this important agricultural pest. Further experiments investigating fitness costs directly in the field are warranted.
Field Evaluations of Sulfuryl Fluoride Fumigation for Control of the Common Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), Using a 1.9× Dosage Factor in Motor Vehicles and Filled Cargo Trailers
Authors: Todd D B , Miller D M , Gordon J R 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study investigated the efficacy of using Vikane gas fumigant (sulfuryl fluoride) at the 1.9× dosage rate for eliminating bed bugs (Cimex lectularius L.) in two challenging infestation situations: personal vehicles, and confined spaces densely packed with personal belongings. The vehicles used in this study were large minivans with seating that folded into the floor. The confined spaces were cargo trailers filled to 85% capacity with books, furniture, and other household items. Each van and trailer was equipped with ~90 sentinel bed bugs consisting of three groups of 9–11 bed bug eggs, 10 nymphs, and 10 adults. The Vikane Fumiguide calculator was used to determine the target dosage (g-h/m3) to apply in each replicate (e.g., one van or trailer). Sulfuryl fluoride concentrations were measured throughout the fumigation process using a Spectros SF-ReportIR. Concentration readings were input into the Fumiguide to determine when the accumulated dosage (g-h/m3) was achieved, and when aeration should be initiated. After aeration was complete, the sentinel bed bugs were removed from the replicates and bed bug nymph and adult mortality was recorded. Bed bug eggs were monitored for 23 d to determine latent mortality. Fumigated bed bug mortality for each replication was 100% regardless of life stage. Latent mortality was observed in a single bed bug egg, but the first instar never fully eclosed. This study determined that fumigation with sulfuryl fluoride at the 1.9× dosage factor is an effective method for eliminating resistant bed bugs from vehicles and personal belongings in densely packed situations.
Comparison of Trap Collections and Cost of Commercially Available and Homemade Yellowjacket (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) Traps in Lake County, California
Authors: Urquhart Cassandra , Scott Jamesina J 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Yellowjackets are notable pests of humans due to their opportunistic foraging behaviors, painful stings, and potential for causing dangerous allergic reactions. Baited traps provide a useful supplement for controlling yellowjackets compared with nest treatments, which are often dangerous, time consuming, costly, and do little to prevent nuisance interactions between humans and foragers. This study compares three homemade yellowjacket traps and three commercially available traps in Lake County, California, to determine efficacy and cost benefit. Traps were set at five sites and randomly rotated between six plots per site and baits were changed every 2 wk per commercial manufacturer recommendations. Cost benefit was determined using material and bait cost, as well as bait change frequency and overall trap efficacy. Yellowjacket count data were analyzed using a hurdle model. Traps compared included the Rescue! Yellowjacket trap, the Rescue! Wasp, Hornet, and Yellowjacket trap, the Victor Yellowjacket trap, a homemade bottle trap, jar trap, and homemade jug trap. The total number of yellowjackets collected was 33,321. The trap that collected the highest number of yellowjackets was the Rescue! Yellowjacket trap (n = 19,257) and the trap that collected the fewest yellowjackets was the jar trap (n = 65). The Rescue! Yellowjacket trap was the most cost-effective, calculated at approximately $0.40/100 yellowjackets collected. The jar trap was the least cost-effective, calculated at approximately $31.10/100 yellowjackets collected. The Rescue! Yellowjacket trap was overall the most effective and cost-effective trap evaluated for Lake County, California.
Host Suitability Index for Polyphagous Tephritid Fruit Flies
Authors: Follett Peter A , Haynes Fay E M , Dominiak Bernard C 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Tephritid fruit flies are major economic pests for fruit production and are an impediment to international trade. Different host fruits are known to vary in their suitability for fruit flies to complete their life cycle. Currently, international regulatory standards that define the likely legal host status for tephritid fruit flies categorize fruits as a natural host, a conditional host, or a nonhost. For those fruits that are natural or conditional hosts, infestation rate can vary as a spectrum ranging from highly attractive fruits supporting large numbers of fruit flies to very poor hosts supporting low numbers. Here, we propose a Host Suitability Index (HSI), which divides the host status of natural and conditional hosts into five categories based on the log infestation rate (number of flies per kilogram of fruit) ranging from very poor (&lt;0.1), poor (0.1–1.0), moderately good (1.0–10.0), good (10–100), and very good (&gt;100). Infestation rates may be determined by field sampling or cage infestation studies. We illustrate the concept of this index using 21 papers that examine the host status of fruits in five species of polyphagous fruit flies in the Pacific region: Bactrocera tryoni Froggatt, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Bactrocera latifrons (Hendel), Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). This general-purpose index may be useful in developing systems approaches that rely on poor host status, for determining surveillance and detection protocols for potential incursions, and to guide the appropriate regulatory response during fruit fly outbreaks.
Control of Pierce’s Disease Through Areawide Management of Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and Roguing of Infected Grapevines
Authors: Haviland David R , Stone-Smith Beth , Gonzalez Minerva 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe General Beale Pilot Project serves as a case study for the use of areawide monitoring and treatment programs for glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS), Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar), and monitoring and roguing programs for grapevines infected with Xylella fastidiosa, to achieve regional management of Pierce’s disease. The Project is located in southeast Kern County, CA, and contains ~2,800 ha of citrus and grapevines grown within approximately 50 km2. For nearly 20 yr, an average of 470 traps have been used to monitor GWSS populations regionally by the California Department of Food and Agriculture, and to inform coordinated, areawide treatments by the USDA-APHIS Areawide Treatment Program to overwintering GWSS in citrus. Grape growers were responsible for treating their own vineyards, and for the roguing of infected grapevines based on surveys provided by the University of California. Herein, we provide a history of the General Beale Pilot Project, broken down into six eras based on levels of Project success, which incorporate data on GWSS captures, pesticide use, and disease incidence. We describe patterns of success related to the regional coordination of effective treatment and roguing programs that can be used by grape and neighboring citrus growers for areawide management of Pierce’s disease. We conclude by describing current and future challenges for Pierce’s disease management, including pesticide availability and resistance, GWSS refuges, the inability to detect and rogue infected vines in the year they become infected, and the sustainability of voluntary programs that rely on public funding.
Gifts of an enemy: scavenging dynamics in the presence of wolves (Canis lupus)
Authors: Klauder Kaija J , Borg Bridget L , Sivy Kelly J , Prugh Laura R 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCarrion represents an important resource for carnivores. Examining competition for carrion in a risk–reward framework allows for a better understanding of how predator guilds compete for and benefit from carrion. We used trail camera data to compare wintertime carrion use and vigilance behavior of four carnivores in Denali National Park and Preserve. We found that carrion use was dominated by wolves (Canis lupus) and wolverines (Gulo gulo), followed by red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and coyotes (Canis latrans). Wolves and wolverines were twice as likely to visit a carcass as foxes and coyotes, and their visits were longer and more numerous. Our results suggest scavenging animals reduced their risk exposure primarily by reducing their use of carrion, with some evidence of increased vigilance at busy sites. We found that carrion use and behavior at carcass sites were influenced by the mortality type of the carcass, the age of the carcass, and the long-term intensity of wolf use in the area. Our results also suggest that wolves are the “top scavenger,” and indicate that intraguild competition for carrion strongly affects which species benefit from carrion, with larger and more aggressive species dominating.