bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Studying Up” in World Christianity: A Feminist Analysis of Caste and Settler Colonialism
Authors: Thomas Sonja 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
In this article, based on a keynote address delivered in 2019 at the conference on “Currents, Perspectives, and Ethnographic Methodologies for World Christianity” held at Princeton Theological Seminary, I discuss studying up and how scholars of World Christianity need to grapple with the ways Christianity has facilitated the work of and supported state policies and institutional structures of settler colonialism, white supremacy, and brahmanical patriarchy. “Studying up” refers to studying the functionings and institutionalized nature of racist, casteist and settler heteropatriarchies. For me, Laura Nader’s “Up the Anthropologist” opened up new ways to think about, critique, and intervene into the colonialist framework of Anthropology’s roots. Accordingly, I examine potential reasons why we study down, and the difficulty in studying up. I start by looking at studying up as it pertains to Christianity in India, where Christians are a minority. I consider the intersections of casteism and brahmanical patriarchy, how privileged academics may fail to recognize spaces and activism outside the academy that always studies up, access to sites of power, and potential retaliation against scholars who attempt to study up. I then move to talk about studying up in the Christian majority country of the United States, white supremacy, Catholic settler colonialism, and the sexual abuse of Native children in Catholic boarding schools. To fully understand and support anticaste, decolonial, and feminist antiracist movements for social justice worldwide, I argue that the time for studying up in World Christianity is long overdue.
SOSIALISASI PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 DI DESA WAIHERU KOTA AMBON
Authors: Astuty Eka 
Published: August 2021

Covid-19 pertama dilaporkan di Indonesia pada tanggal 2 Maret 2020 sejumlah dua kasus. Data 31 Maret 2020 menunjukkan kasus yang terkonfirmasi berjumlah 1.528 kasus dan 136 kasus kematian. Tingkat mortalitas Covid-19 di Indonesia sebesar 8,9%, angka ini merupakan yang tertinggi di Asia Tenggara. Kota Ambon termasuk salah satu wilayah yang ditetapkan sebagai wilayah zona merah dengan jumlah kasus tertinggi dan menunjukkan trend peningkatan jumlah kasus positif Covid-19 di provinsi Maluku. Desa waiheru termasuk salah satu wilayah yang terpapar kasus positif Covid-19. Fokus dalam kegiatan ini adalah bahwa sebagian masyarakat di Desa Waiheru ini membutuhkan edukasi pencegahan penularan Covid-19 untuk menekan peningkatan jumlah kasus positif Covid-19. Penyuluhan dilakukan dengan membagikan leaflet juga booklet dari rumah ke rumah disertai penjelasan singkat dan memberikan bantuan bahan makanan (sembako). Kegiatan penyuluhan yang dilakukan ini mendapatkan respon yang sangat positif dari seluruh masyarakat Desa Waiheru dan masyarakat berkomitmen untuk melakukan segala langkah-langkah pencegahan atau antisipasi yang telah diinformasikan
AN OVERALL VIEW ON GEMSTONE MINING IN GILGIT-BALTISTAN. PROBLEMS AND MITIGATIONS
Authors: Alam Muhammad , Ali S. , Khan G. , Alam M. , Bano Y. , Khan A. 
Published: August 2021

Gilgit-Baltistan has tremendous amount of gemstone wealth and thousands of miners are busy to explore this wealth, but due to unscientific and crude mining methods this mineral wealth goes into waste in many ways, like fractures, damages and total destructions of gemstone due to ill blasting methods and lack of proper training. Gemstone mining is done in all districts of Gilgit-Baltistan. According to a careful survey in July 2007, 32 types of Gemstones (Precious and Semiprecious) are found in GB, out of total production of gemstones produced in Pakistan 95% come from GB. According to this survey there are more than 2000 mines which produce different variety of gemstones and numbers of miners involved in this mining industry directly or indirectly are more than 25000. Due to these crude and unscientific mining methods, improper camps without hygienic facilities, lack of proper mining equipment, lack of basic health facilities and safety tools and lack of mining equipment repairing facilities at mining sites, number of problems are arising. These problems include damage to the fauna and flora in mining areas, damage to the eco system due to blasting and flow of people; mountains are becoming vulnerable due to improper mines development, glaciers melting due to use of thermal generators, spreading of human filth and waste like plastic and at last polluting of the water. This research is based on the mitigation of all these problems to some extent. The damage to the fauna and flora may be reduced by controlling spreading of human filth and waste, controlled blasting may be done by using modern blasting techniques, proper mines of international standard may be developed by in forcing the mining rules, use of thermal generators may be prohibited by developing small hydro projects at sites and at last pollution of water may be controlled by training people to adopt the cleanliness drives time to time and equipment repairing facilities at sites as well.
The Effects of Formative Evaluation on Students' Achievement in English for Specific Purposes (A Case Study of the Preparatory Year Students at Umm- Al-Qura University)
Authors: Al Tayib Umar Abdul Majeed , Abdulmlik Ameen Abdurrahman 
Published: August 2021

This research attempts to find out the impact of formative evaluation on Saudi male learners’ achievement in medical English. The study also seeks to find out instructors’ and students' views and attitudes towards formative assessment. The sample of the study involves 98 subjects chosen purposively from among the Preparatory Year students at Umm-Al- Qura University in Saudi Arabia. They were divided into two equal groups; one is intended to act as an experimental and the other is taken as a control group. The experimental group was taught their ESP material following the formative evaluation techniques whereas the control group was taught the same material in accordance with the summative assessment principles. The experimental group instructors were given intensive training courses in Saudi Arabia and abroad on how to use formative evaluation principles in classroom. In the last week of the experimental period which lasted for sixteen weeks, the two groups sat for the final exam which was intended for all pre-medical students in the Preparatory College. The grades of all students in the two groups in the final exam was compared. The experimental group students performance was found to be much higher than that of the control group. Students' and instructors’ attitudes towards formative evaluation were generated through a questionnaire and a series of interviews. Advanced statistical analysis of the responses of the instructors and students has shown their positive attitudes towards this form of evaluation. The study concludes with some recommendations to enhance this type of assessment and to conduct further studies on female students learning different language skills for different purposes. Suggestions to improve formative evaluation practice were also given to make this form of assessment more motivating and more enticing.
Het vermeende effect van de coronacrisis op de prevalentie en aard van huiselijk geweld
Authors: van Koppen Vere , ter Weijden Carmen , Harte Joke 
Published: August 2021

The alleged effect of the corona crisis on the prevalence and nature of domestic violence – An overview of news items and empirical research projects
Scientific studies have shown the effect of social crises on the nature and magnitude of domestic violence. Since the beginning of 2020 we are facing a worldwide corona pandemic. There is a widespread fear that the measures as a consequence of this pandemic have led to a significant increase in domestic violence. In this study news reports on the assumptions about the effect of the pandemic on domestic violence were inventoried. Subsequently, an overview was made of current empirical research projects on the assumed effect on domestic violence. The methodological aspects and the preliminary results of these studies are discussed.
Is verslaving behandelbaar?
Authors: Kleijer-Kool Lianne , de Vogel Vivienne , Monnee-van Doornmalen Jolein , van Asch Richard 
Published: August 2021

Is addiction treatable? – Forensic social professionals’ attitudes to substance abuse
Forensic social professionals play a crucial role in the resocialization trajectories of their clients with substance use problems. In this explorative study, we conclude that their attitudes to treatability of addiction are positive. However, there are differences in attitudes regarding needed treatment interventions and ways of controlling substance use, for example related to working within specialist addiction services, personal experiences with addiction and working in a clinical setting. When confronted with substance use of their clients, the forensic social professionals’ main reactions are discussing the problem with their client and analyzing the situation. The type of substance and the nature of criminal behavior are important considerations in this reaction.
Gegevensuitwisseling bij bemoeizorg: goed geregeld?
Authors: Zetsma C.M. 
Published: August 2021

Gegevensuitwisseling bij bemoeizorg: goed geregeld?
In deze bijdrage wordt stilgestaan bij het juridische kader voor gegevensuitwisseling ten behoeve van bemoeizorg. Centraal staat de vraag of het goed hulpverlenerschap als zelfstandige grond ter doorbreking van het beroepsgeheim kan en mag worden beschouwd. Dit onder andere met het oog op het (informationele) zelfbeschikkingsrecht van de cliënt.
‘Vrijwillig, niet vrijblijvend’
Authors: Verkroost D.S. 
Published: August 2021

‘Vrijwillig, niet vrijblijvend’. Informed consent bij de inzet van ‘drang’ of ‘intensieve vrijwillige hulp’ in het jeugdhulpverleningsstelsel
Deze bijdrage gaat in op het drangkader in het Nederlandse jeugdhulpverleningsstelsel en het spanningsveld dat bestaat tussen een juridische benadering hiervan en de praktijk. Ook wordt gekeken naar het recht op informed consent, zoals dat voortvloeit uit het internationale recht op autonomie en is neergelegd en uitgewerkt in de WGBO.
Artikel 2.3 Wet forensische zorg, de langverwachte brug tussen de forensische en de civiele geestelijke gezondheidszorg?
Authors: van der Aa J.B.E. 
Published: August 2021

Artikel 2.3 Wet forensische zorg, de langverwachte brug tussen de forensische en de civiele geestelijke gezondheidszorg?
In deze bijdrage wordt aandacht besteed aan de inwerkingtreding van de schakelbepaling uit de Wfz (art. 2.3 Wfz) met de Wvggz per 1 januari 2020, waarbij de focus ligt op de rechtspositionele verschillen tussen de civiele verplichte geestelijke gezondheidszorg en de forensische zorg. Afgesloten wordt met enkele overwegingen, waarbij een inschatting wordt gemaakt van de mate waarin artikel 2.3 Wfz in de huidige vorm bijdraagt aan de beoogde doelstellingen van de Wfz.
Anticonceptiecounseling: de remedie tegen onbedoelde zwangerschappen?
Authors: Koelewijn S. 
Published: August 2021

Anticonceptiecounseling: de remedie tegen onbedoelde zwangerschappen? De juridische knelpunten
Door het programma ‘Nu Niet Zwanger’ wordt gepoogd middels anticonceptiecounseling kwetsbare mensen vrijwillig een keuze te laten maken over anticonceptie. Enkele juridische aspecten blijven daarbij onderbelicht, waaronder zorgvuldigheidsnormen zoals het informed consent en de wilsonbekwaamheid. De onderbelichte juridische aspecten van het programma staan in dit artikel centraal.
Eerste stappen in Europese regulering van artificiële intelligentie: algoritmes en patiëntenrechten
Authors: van Kolfschooten H.B. 
Published: August 2021

Eerste stappen in Europese regulering van artificiële intelligentie: algoritmes en patiëntenrechten
AI kan de kwaliteit en toegankelijkheid van zorg verbeteren, maar gaat ook gepaard met grote risico’s voor patiënten. Deze bijdrage bespreekt de recente Europese ontwikkelingen met betrekking tot regulering van AI in de gezondheidszorg en de gevolgen daarvan voor de rechten van de patiënt.
Het machtigingsvereiste: een machtig sturingsinstrument voor zorgverzekeraars?
Authors: Jannink M.E. 
Published: August 2021

Het machtigingsvereiste: een machtig sturingsinstrument voor zorgverzekeraars?
Het machtigingsvereiste is voor zorgverzekeraars een krachtig sturingsinstrument, met name bij niet-gecontracteerde zorgaanbieders. Het stelt hen in staat om vóóraf te beoordelen of verzekerden recht hebben op de voorgenomen zorg. De toetsing van zorgverzekeraars gaat daarbij soms echter verder dan wettelijk mogelijk lijkt. Voorts leiden recente arresten tot een intensievere beoordeling van machtigingsaanvragen.
Challenges of Financial Risk Management: AI Applications
Authors: Bogojevic Arsic Vesna 
Published: August 2021

Research Question: This paper reviews different artificial intelligence (AI) techniques application in financial risk management. Motivation: Financial technology has significantly changed the business operations which required transformation of financial industry. The financial risk management needs to be restructured because the methods that have been used in the past became low effective. The artificial intelligence techniques proved their efficiency and contributed to fast, low–cost and improved financial risk management in both financial institutions and companies. Idea: The aim of this paper is to present a state of AI techniques application in financial risk management, as well as to point out the direction in which further application and development could be expected. Data: The analysis was conducted by reviewing various papers, books and reports on AI applications in financial risk management. Tools: The relevant literature systematization was used to provide answers to the question to what extent AI techniques (especially machine learning) could be used in managing financial risk management. Findings: Artificial intelligence largely improved the market risk and credit risk management through data preparation, modelling risk, stress testing and model validation. Artificial intelligence techniques can be useful in data quality assurance, text-mining for data augmentation and fraud detection. The financial technology will continue to affect the financial sector through requiring the adaption to new environment and new business models. Because of that, it could be expected that artificial intelligence will become part of the financial risk management framework. Contribution: This paper provides a review of artificial intelligence applications in market risk management, credit risk management and operational risk management. The paper identified the key AI techniques that could be used for financial risk management improvement because of financial industry transformation.
Exploring the role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in fibroblast-like synovial cells in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Tong Xiang , Yu Dongdong , Yu Li , Chen Weiqian , Wen Yanling , Gu Pengcheng 
Published: August 2021

Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease with persistent synovitis. In the present study, the impact of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) was explored to determine methods for the diagnosis and treatment of RA.

Methods
First, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) were obtained from a collagen-induced rat RA model. Next, MCP-1-overexpression plasmid and small interfering RNA were transfected into human and rat FLSs. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell migration and flow cytometry assays were used to analyze cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis of FLSs following MCP-1 transfections, respectively. Furthermore, western blotting was used to analyze the expression levels of p-P38, p-PI3K, PI3K, CD31, VEGF, TNF-α and IL-β in FLSs following MCP-1 transfection. In addition, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and ELISAs were used to analyze the expression levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), estrogen receptor, MCP-1 and pentraxin-3 in patients with clinical RA, followed by correlation analysis of clinical data. Finally, expression validation, diagnostic and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of MCP-1 were performed.

Results
MCP-1 promoted FLS proliferation and migration, and affected the apoptosis of FLSs. In addition, the expression levels of p-P38, p-PI3K, PI3K, CD31, VEGF, TNF-α and IL-β were also affected by MCP-1. In patients with clinical RA, the expression level of MCP-1 was increased. Moreover, CRP expression level was significantly up-regulated in RA. Clinically, MCP-1 was strongly correlated with tender joint count, swollen joint count, visual analog scale for general health and disease activity score 28 (DAS28)-MCP-1, and was moderately correlated with DAS28 and DAS28-CRP. PPI analysis showed that MCP-1 mainly interacted with other inflammatory cytokines.

Conclusion
In conclusion, MCP-1 may play a significant regulatory role in RA, and could be used as a measurement index of clinical RA activity.
Phytochemicals, Heavy Metal and Proximate Analysis of Parkia biglobosa and Three Varieties of Bouillon Cubes (Purchased From Iyana Iba Market, Ojo Local Government Area in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Adu A. A. , Aderinola O. J. , Avoseh O. , Bamiwola R. S. , Adegorite A. E. , Olaoye T. H. , Adeboyejo O. A. 
Published: August 2021

Despite the huge nutritional values and availability of local seasonings such as Parkia biglobosa, knorr chicken as food seasonings, some developing countries like Nigeria require more information on the needs for increasing their utilization. Analysis was done using standard analytical methods, to compare the nutritional and heavy metal composition of P. biglobosa seed and bouillon cubes (Knorr chicken, magi star and Tasty cubes). The specific focus was to find out the proximate analysis (carbohydrate, fat, protein and vitamin), heavy metals, Minerals and phytochemicals composition of P. biglobosa and bouillon cubes. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used in the determination of the levels of (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn). Phytochemicals, including phytic acid, tannins, carotenoids, phenols, saponins and hydrocyanic acid were also determined using method of Ola and Oboh [19]. The result shows that the seeds of P. biglobosa had significantly higher (p<0.05) Moisture (17.530±3.686) crude protein (25.722±3.524%), crude fat (27.536±2.273%) and Crude fiber (6.540±1.795%) contents compared to the bouillon cubes (Knorr chicken, Maggi Star, tasty cubes). The bouillon cubes had significantly higher (p>0.05) contents of ash (22.188±0.950, 24.092±0.911, 22.880±0.736) which is found to be low in P. biglobosa seed. Carbohydrate level in bouillon cubes were also found to have higher means values of (28.87±1.581, 46.785±2.243, 38.035±12.574). The minerals content of the analyzed samples shows that the P. biglobosa seeds have higher means value in Ca (126.285±16.393), Na (150.820±25.075), and K (1454.432±199.575) and bouillon cubes were also found to be high in (Ca, Na , K , Fe), respectively. While the values of (Mn, Zn, Cr Cb, Pb pH) were found to have low mean value which were higher than WHO permissible limits. For the ANFs, P. biglobosa seeds recorded higher levels of Phytic acid (31.171±8.369 mg/100g), saponins (15.767±4.663 mg/100g) and tannins (55.772±6.655 mg/100g), Total carotenoids (41.561±2.632), Total phenols (65.689±14.439), Hydrocyanic acid (7.618±1.922mg/100g) and Ascorbic acid (101.025±11.670 mg/100g) while it was not detected (ND) in bouillon cubes on analysis. T he heavy metal contents in P. biglobosa was found to be high in copper with mean value of (2.478±2.077) while it was found to be insignificant in (Cr, Cb, and pb) and are not within the recommended value by WHO. The overall results are suggestive of higher nutritional quality of the Parkia biglobosa seeds than the bouillon cubes. It was therefore recommended that information concerning the use of local seasonings should be made available through public awareness campaign.
Climate Change and Climate-Smart Agricultural Practices: Opportunities and Challenges in the Semi-deciduous region of Ghana
Authors: Oppong E. , Opoku A. , Tuffour H. O. , Snr. Atta Poku P. , Kyere C. G. 
Published: August 2021

Aim: This study was conducted to investigate small holder farmers’ awareness of climate-smart agricultural practices and challenges to climate change adoption in the semi-deciduous zone of Ghana.
Study Design: A descriptive research design was used for the study.
Place of study: The study was conducted within the Sekyere South district in the Ashanti Region of Ghana.
Methodology: Questionnaire was the main tool for data collection. Statistical Package for Social Science [SPSS], version 20 was used for data analysis. Pearson Product Correlation was used to determine the correlation between variables and CSA at 0.05 significant level.
Results: Results from the study revealed that agroforestry (52.0%) and rainwater harvesting techniques (80.0%) were never known among majority of the respondents’ as CSA strategy. Besides, farmers were moderately aware of fire and pest management (48.0%) and crop rotation (36.0%) strategies as CSA approach (48%), as well as, minimum tillage which farmers testify of having a considerable idea on it (52%). Nonetheless, respondents often used improved seed variety (64%) and also resorted to residue management and usage (52%) as CSA options in crop productivity. The study further revealed that a higher segment of the farmers attested that no proper training/education, no governmental support, lack of finance, lack of climate information and non-availability of extension field officers, representing 64%, 76%, 84%, and 76% respectively were the major challenges faced by farmers in adopting and practicing climate-smart agriculture.
Conclusion: Farmers little knowledge on climate change impeded the successful adoption of CSA practices.
Efficacy of Leaf Extract of Piliostigma Thonningii for Control of Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) on Eggplant
Authors: Mamman A. , Umar I. , Malgwi A. M. , Ojo G. T. 
Published: August 2021

Extracts of Piliostigma thonningii were tested for their effectiveness in controlling Meloidogyne javanica eggs and juveniles in the laboratory and on eggplant cv ‘Yalon Data’. A thousand juveniles were placed in 12 petridishes and extracts of P. thonningii (Crude extracts, 5 ml dilution and 10 ml dilution of the crude extracts) were dispensed into the petridishes. One thousand eggs of the M. javanica were placed in 12 petridishes and treated with the same extracts used on the juveniles. For the field experiment, 12 plots of size 2m x2m were prepared and planted with nine plants of eggplant cv ‘Yalon Data’. Seedlings of eggplants were transplanted after three weeks in the nursery to the field into holes drenched with 10 ml of the extracts used in the laboratory tests. Subsequent applications of extracts were done weekly for eight weeks. The results showed that the crude extract was the most effective against both the eggs (87.43 % hatch inhibition) and juveniles (90.23 % mortality). In the field, eggplants treated with the crude extract recorded the tallest plants ((124.78 cm -2017 and 125.00 cm-2018), highest number of fruits/plant (18.51-2017 and 19.55-2018), highest yield (50.45t/ha-2017 and 53.78t/ha-2018) and the lowest galling indices and final nematode population. It is therefore concluded that the crude extract of P. thonningii can be employed for the control of M. javanica in the field.