bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Claudin-2 promotes colorectal cancer liver metastasis and is a biomarker of the replacement type growth pattern
Authors: Tabariès Sébastien , Annis Matthew G. , Lazaris Anthoula , Petrillo Stephanie K. , Huxham Jennifer , Abdellatif Amri , Palmieri Vincent , Chabot Jaclyn , Johnson Radia M. , Van Laere Steven , Verhoef Cornelis , Hachem Yasmina , Yumeen Sara , Meti Nicholas , Omeroglu Atilla , Altinel Gulbeyaz , Gao Zu-Hua , Yu Alan S. L. , Grünhagen Dirk J. , Vermeulen Peter , Metrakos Peter , Siegel Peter M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractClaudin-2 promotes breast cancer liver metastasis by enabling seeding and early cancer cell survival. We now demonstrate that Claudin-2 is functionally required for colorectal cancer liver metastasis and that Claudin-2 expression in primary colorectal cancers is associated with poor overall and liver metastasis-free survival. We have examined the role of Claudin-2, and other claudin family members, as potential prognostic biomarkers of the desmoplastic and replacement histopathological growth pattern associated with colorectal cancer liver metastases. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed higher Claudin-2 levels in replacement type metastases when compared to those with desmoplastic features. In contrast, Claudin-8 was highly expressed in desmoplastic colorectal cancer liver metastases. Similar observations were made following immunohistochemical staining of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) that we have established, which faithfully retain the histopathology of desmoplastic or replacement type colorectal cancer liver metastases. We provide evidence that Claudin-2 status in patient-derived extracellular vesicles may serve as a relevant prognostic biomarker to predict whether colorectal cancer patients have developed replacement type liver metastases. Such a biomarker will be a valuable tool in designing optimal treatment strategies to better manage patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases.
Interactions between cardiology and oncology drugs in precision cardio-oncology
Authors: Kamaraju Sailaja , Mohan Meera , Zaharova Svetlana , Wallace Brianna , McGraw Joseph , Lokken James , Tierney John , Weil Elizabeth , Fatunde Olubadewa , Brown Sherry-Ann 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRecent advances in treatment have transformed the management of cancer. Despite these advances, cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death in cancer survivors. Cardio-oncology has recently evolved as a subspecialty to prevent, diagnose, and manage cardiovascular side effects of antineoplastic therapy. An emphasis on optimal management of comorbidities and close attention to drug interactions are important in cardio-oncologic care. With interdisciplinary collaboration among oncologists, cardiologists, and pharmacists, there is potential to prevent and reduce drug-related toxicities of treatments. The cytochrome P450 (CYP450) family of enzymes and the P-glycoprotein (P-g) transporter play a crucial role in drug metabolism and drug resistance. Here we discuss the role of CYP450 and P-g in drug interactions in the field of cardio-oncology, provide an overview of the cardiotoxicity of a spectrum of cancer agents, highlight the role of precision medicine, and encourage a multidisciplinary treatment approach for patients with cancer.
A priority tree based coordination method for intelligent and connected vehicles at unsignalized intersections
Authors: Dongxin Lv , Qiqige Wuniri , Wenbo Chu , Huilong Yu , Xiaoping Du 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIntelligent and connected vehicles are believed to be the future solution to traffic management, especially in highly challenging areas such as intersections. In this paper, a priority tree based coordination method is proposed for intelligent and connected vehicles at unsignalized intersections. First, a dynamic scheduling method is used to generate the crossing order of the vehicles, considering the conflicting relationship, waiting time, and arrival time of the vehicles. Then a conflict resolution method is presented to handle the spatial and temporal conflicts among the vehicles inside the intersection. And the simulation results show that the method can generate collision‐free traffic flows as well as improving the traffic performance.
A bidirectional hybrid switched inductor converter with wide voltage conversion range
Authors: Hulea Dan , Cornea Octavian , Muntean Nicolae , Fahimi Babak 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA bidirectional hybrid switched inductor converter (BHSI) is proposed in this paper. The converter uses an inductor switching cell in order to achieve a wide voltage conversion range, smaller passive components, and lower stress on the active devices. Apart from these advantages, the introduction of the additional inductor in the switching cell does not increase the complexity of the control structure, as is usually the case with other topologies with multiple components. The BHSI is compared, in terms of inductor/capacitor energies and total device stress, to other state‐of‐the‐art topologies and its advantages are highlighted. Two 3 kW prototypes were built, using Si‐MOSFETs and GaN‐FETs, in order to analyse their performances from the efficiency point of view, and to validate the theoretical findings. The stability analysis of the converter is performed and tested in a supercapacitor storage application, resulting in a good operation in both charge and discharge modes.
Fallbericht: Chronischer unterer Rückenschmerz durch Störherdgeschehen an einem Weisheitszahn
Authors: Stör Wolfram 
Published: June 2021

SummaryDieser Fallbericht zeigt, wie durch einfache Testung mit Procain-Injektion ein entfernt vom eigentlichen Krankheitsgeschehen liegender Störherd entdeckt werden kann und wie die anschließende chirurgische Sanierung des Herdes zu vollständiger Heilung der Anlass gebenden Krankheit führen kann.
SLC2A1 and Its Related Epileptic Phenotypes
Authors: Patanè Francesca , Pasquetti Elisa , Sullo Federica , Tosto Monica , Romano Catia , Salafia Stefania , Falsaperla Raffaele 
Published: June 2021

AbstractGlucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1DS) is caused by heterozygous, mostly de novo, mutations in SLC2A1 gene encoding the glucose transporter GLUT1, the most relevant energy transporter in the blood–brain barrier. GLUT1DS includes a broad spectrum of neurologic disturbances, from severe encephalopathy with developmental delay, to epilepsy, movement disorders, acquired microcephaly and atypical mild forms. For diagnosis, lumbar puncture and genetic analysis are necessary and complementary; an immediate response to ketogenic diet supports the diagnosis in case of high suspicion of disease and negative exams. The ketogenic diet is the first-line treatment and should be established at the initial stages of disease.
“God save us always from the innocent and the good”: American versus European Exceptionalism in Graham Greene’s The Quiet American
Authors: Griffin Thomas Ross 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis essay argues that by challenging the rectitude of American intervention in Vietnam, The Quiet American is the means by which Greene criticises the American exceptionalism of the post-World War 2 era. It shows how the nation’s exceptionalism is built upon a fantasy of American idealism that masks the true intentions hidden behind America’s crusade against Communism. It proposes also that Greene uses his novel to highlight the existence of a European exceptionalism as potent as its transatlantic equivalent, and one much overlooked in contemporary discourse on Vietnam. The crux of Greene’s critique is located in Alden Pyle. Propped up by what Said describes as “structures of attitude and reference”, the article argues that Pyle’s rhetoric and actions demonstrate the blind commitment to American exceptionalism that Greene challenges in the text. The essay uses Donald Pease’s concept of the State of Exception to draw a parallel between the British journalist Thomas Fowler and Pyle to argue that in orchestrating the assassination of the latter, Fowler adopts the moral purpose that had prompted much of the American aid worker’s actions throughout the novel. It argues that this European version of exceptionalism comes from what Greene believed to be the suitability of European powers to oversee change in Vietnam, one that America was ill-equipped to handle. The essay ends by suggesting that The Quiet American was not so much what Diana Trilling described as “Mr Greene’s affront to America”, but an attempt to defend Europe amidst the onset of American dominance.
Measuring the effective height for atom gravimeters by applying a frequency jump to Raman lasers
Authors: Xu Yao-Yao , Deng Xiao-Bing , Zhou Hang , Qi Kun , Chen Xin-Ke , Luo Hua-Qing , Zhou Min-Kang , Duan Xiao-Chun , Hu Zhong-Kun 
Published: June 2021

As the existence of the gravity gradient, the output of gravimeters is actually the gravitational acceleration at the reference instrumental height. Precise knowledge of the reference height is indispensable in the utilization of gravity measurements, especially for absolute gravimeters. Here, we present an interferometric method to measure the distance between the atomic cloud and a reflecting mirror directly, which consequently determines the reference height of our atom gravimeter. This interferometric method is based on a frequency jump of Raman lasers applied at the π pulse of the atom interferometer, which induces an additional phase shift proportional to the interested distance. An uncertainty of 2 mm is achieved here for the distance measurement, and the effect of the gravity gradient on absolute gravity measurements can thus be constrained within 1 μGal. This work provides a concrete-object-based measurement of the reference height for atom gravimeters.
Effect of temperature on concentrated electrolytes for advanced lithium ion batteries
Authors: Mynam Mahesh , Kumari Surbhi , Ravikumar Bharath , Rai Beena 
Published: June 2021

Salt-concentrated electrolytes are emerging as promising electrolytes for advanced lithium ion batteries (LIBs) that can offer high energy density and improved cycle life. To further improve these electrolytes, it is essential to understand their inherent behavior at various operating conditions of LIBs. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are extensively used to study various properties of electrolytes and explain the associated molecular-level phenomena. In this study, we use classical MD simulations to probe the properties of the concentrated electrolyte solution of 3 mol/kg lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) salt in the propylene carbonate solvent at various temperatures ranging from 298 to 378 K. Our results reveal that the properties such as ionic diffusivity and molar conductivity of a concentrated electrolyte are more sensitive to temperature compared to that of dilute electrolytes. The residence time analysis shows that temperature affects the Li+ ion solvation shell dynamics significantly. The effect of temperature on the transport and dynamic properties needs to be accounted carefully while designing better thermal management systems for batteries made with concentrated electrolytes to garner the advantages of these electrolytes.
Vapor–liquid equilibrium of water with the MB-pol many-body potential
Authors: Muniz Maria Carolina , Gartner Thomas E. , Riera Marc , Knight Christopher , Yue Shuwen , Paesani Francesco , Panagiotopoulos Athanassios Z. 
Published: June 2021

Among the many existing molecular models of water, the MB-pol many-body potential has emerged as a remarkably accurate model, capable of reproducing thermodynamic, structural, and dynamic properties across water’s solid, liquid, and vapor phases. In this work, we assessed the performance of MB-pol with respect to an important set of properties related to vapor–liquid coexistence and interfacial behavior. Through direct coexistence classical molecular dynamics simulations at temperatures of 400 K &lt; T &lt; 600 K, we calculated properties such as equilibrium coexistence densities, vapor–liquid interfacial tension, vapor pressure, and enthalpy of vaporization and compared the MB-pol results to experimental data. We also compared rigid vs fully flexible variants of the MB-pol model and evaluated system size effects for the properties studied. We found that the MB-pol model predictions are in good agreement with experimental data, even for temperatures approaching the vapor–liquid critical point; this agreement was largely insensitive to system sizes or the rigid vs flexible treatment of the intramolecular degrees of freedom. These results attest to the chemical accuracy of MB-pol and its high degree of transferability, thus enabling MB-pol’s application across a large swath of water’s phase diagram.
Influence of the odd viscosity on a falling film down a slippery inclined plane
Authors: Chattopadhyay Souradip 
Published: June 2021

The stability of a thin viscous Newtonian fluid with broken time-reversal-symmetry draining down a slippery inclined plane is examined. The presence of the odd part of the Cauchy stress tensor with an odd viscosity coefficient brings new characteristics in fluid flow as it gives rise to new terms in the pressure gradient of the flow. By odd viscosity, it is meant that apart from the well-known coefficient of shear viscosity, a classical liquid with broken time-reversal symmetry is endowed with a second viscosity coefficient. The model implements a Navier slip condition at the solid–liquid interface with the slip length being the parameter that measures the deviation from the no-slip condition. The classical long-wave expansion technique is performed and a nonlinear evolution equation of Benney-type is derived in terms of film thickness h(x, t), which is significantly modified due to the presence of odd viscosity in the liquid. The parameters governing the film flow system and the slippery substrate strongly influence the waveforms and their amplitudes and hence the stability of the fluid. The linear stability analysis is performed using the normal mode approach and a critical Reynolds number is obtained. The results of the linear stability analysis reveal that larger odd viscosity leads to the higher critical Reynolds number while the higher slip length makes the critical Reynolds number lower. In other words, odd viscosity has a stabilizing effect while the slip length promotes instability. Based on the method of multiple scales, a weakly nonlinear stability analysis is carried out, which shows that there is a range of wave numbers with a supercritical bifurcation and a range of larger wave numbers with a subcritical bifurcation. Different instability zones are also demarcated. The weakly nonlinear study shows that with an increase in the odd viscosity, the supercritical stable region and the explosion area shrink, whereas the unconditional stable and the subcritical unstable regions increase. It has also been shown that the spatial uniform solution corresponding to the sideband disturbance may be stable in the unstable region. The spatiotemporal evolution of the model has been analyzed numerically by employing the Crank–Nicolson method in a periodic domain for different values of the odd viscosity and slip length. The nonlinear simulations are found to be in good agreement with the linear and weakly nonlinear stability analysis.
The authors of the article agree to the retraction of the article effective 29 June 2022.
High-resolution asymmetric structure of a Fab–virus complex reveals overlap with the receptor binding site
Authors: Goetschius Daniel J. , Hartmann Samantha R. , Organtini Lindsey J. , Callaway Heather , Huang Kai , Bator Carol M. , Ashley Robert E. , Makhov Alexander M. , Conway James F. , Parrish Colin R. , Hafenstein Susan L. 
Published: June 2021

Significance
Our study makes significant progress understanding asymmetry in icosahedral viruses that would be otherwise masked by forcing homogeneity through icosahedral averaging. Using an asymmetric approach revealed the atomic-resolution structure of a complex between canine parvovirus and a strain-specific neutralizing antibody. Since species jumping is a rare event in DNA viruses, the emergence of an antibody that binds more avidly to the canine-adapted virus (and not ancestral feline equivalent) is of special interest. The Fab-bound and -unbound epitopes were solved on the same virus capsid with an atomic-resolution asymmetric map. Fab 14 stabilizes a capsid loop within the same binding site used by the receptor, suggesting capsid conformational change or steric competition with the receptor contributes to the mechanism of antibody neutralization.
Simulating the directional translocation of a substrate by the AAA+ motor in the 26S proteasome
Authors: Saha Arjun , Warshel Arieh 
Published: June 2021

SignificanceThe substrate translocation through the proteasomal AAA+ motor is central to the process of protein degradation. Emerging structural studies challenge one to advance a detailed knowledge of the energetics of the translocation process. Here, we generate the relevant free energy landscape using cryogenic electron microscopy structures of the substrate-bound 26S proteasome by using a combination of coarse-grained modeling, simplified atomistic binding free energy calculations, and ATP hydrolysis energies. This landscape successfully reproduces the unidirectionality of the biological process and reveals that the unidirectional motion can be significantly enhanced/tuned by electrostatic effect. Our mutagenesis analysis identifies key residues of pore loop 1 and estimates their contribution to the translocation process. This work provides a guidance for investigating ATP-driven translocation processes of proteasomes.
cGAS restricts colon cancer development by protecting intestinal barrier integrity
Authors: Hu Shuiqing , Fang Yan , Chen Xiang , Cheng Tianlei , Zhao Miaoqing , Du Mingjian , Li Tuo , Li Minghao , Zeng Zhiqun , Wei Yonglong , Gu Zhimin , Zhang Conggang , Sun Lijun , Chen Zhijian J. 
Published: June 2021

Significance
Intestinal barrier plays a key role in maintaining organismal health. Here we find cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS) deficiency compromises intestinal epithelial barrier and exacerbates inflammation. cGAS-deficient mice were highly susceptible to colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC) but not sporadic colon cancer. Surprisingly, the role of cGAS in this process appears to be independent of stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-induced type I interferon signaling, because mice lacking STING or type I interferon receptor were less susceptible to CAC than those lacking cGAS. cGAS but not STING is highly expressed in intestinal stem cells. These results suggest that cGAS has a unique role in protecting the intestinal epithelial barrier and preventing colon cancer development.
The difference between squat jump and countermovement jump in 770 male and female participants from different sports
Authors: Kozinc Žiga , Žitnik Jure , Smajla Darjan , Šarabon Nejc 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTTraditionally, a larger difference between countermovement (CMJ) and squat jump (SJ) was seen as beneficial, as it reflects the ability to utilize the stretch‐shortening cycle. However, strong arguments have been made that this might not always be the case, as larger differences between the jumps could also suggest higher muscle‐tendon slack, or poor capability to take this slack up quickly. The purpose of this study was to explore SJ and CMJ, as well as the CMJ to SJ difference (CMJSJDiff) in 9 groups of young athletes. In total, 712 athletes from various disciplines (mean age range: 15.7–36.3 years) and 58 physical education students (mean age: 19.6 years) participated in the study. The major finding of this study was that the groups that showed better SJ and CMJ performance did not show the larger CMJSJDiff. For instance, SJ and CMJ heights were highest in short‐distance runners and lowest in long‐distance runners, while the largest and smallest CMJSJDiff was shown in physical education students and speed skaters, respectively. Male athletes had a higher CMJSJDiff than female athletes, but the difference was very small. While a larger CMJSJDiff has been traditionally associated viewed as positive, our results could indicate both superior ability to utilize the stretch‐shortening cycle, as well as poor ability of rapid force development and excessive muscle slack. Further studies are needed to directly investigate the associations between CMJSJDiff and indicators of athletic performance.
Understanding detachment of the W7-X island divertor
Authors: Feng Y. , Jakubowski M. , König R. , Krychowiak M. , Otte M. , Reimold F. , Reiter D. , Schmitz O. , Zhang D. , Beidler C.D. , Biedermann C. , Bozhenkov S. , Brunner K.J. , Dinklage A. , Drewelow P. , Effenberg F. , Endler M. , Fuchert G. , Gao Y. , Geiger J. , Hammond K.C. , Helander P. , Killer C. , Knauer J. , Kremeyer T. , Pasch E. , Rudischhauser L. , Schlisio G. , Sunn Pedersen T. , Wenzel U. , Winters V. , W7-X team  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The fundamental behavior of the W7-X island divertor under detached conditions, which has been theoretically predicted with the EMC3-Eirene code, is re-examined here under the experimental conditions achieved so far and compared with the first experimental results. Both simulations and experiments cover a range of divertor configurations and plasma parameters, and show the following common trends: (1) with rising impurity radiation, the target heat load decreases ‘uniformly’ over the entire target surface in the sense that both the peak and average heat loads can drop by an order of magnitude. Impurity radiation (mainly from intrinsic carbon) occurs primarily at the plasma edge and the resulting negative impact on the stored energy is less than 10%. (2) When the total radiation exceeds a critical level, the target particle flux (the recycling flux Γrecy) begins to fall and can drop by a factor of 3–5 at high radiation levels without an obvious indication of significant volume recombination. (3) While Γrecy decreases, the divertor neutral pressure continues to build up and reaches a maximum, at which point Γrecy has declined significantly. (4) During detachment, the electron temperature at the last closed flux surface falls in a way that is not quantitatively understandable from parallel classical heat conduction processes. This paper presents a physical explanation of the numerical/experimental results described above. Furthermore, using the EMC3-Eirene code as a diagnostic tool, we are able, apparently for the first time, to provide a full quantitative analysis of each transport channel in the island divertor, aiming to clarify how the island divertor plasma self-regulates to maintain particle, energy, and momentum balance under detached conditions.