bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systemic Evaluation of Mechanism of Cytotoxicity in Human Colon Cancer HCT-116 Cells of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Marine Algae Ulva Lactuca Extract.
Authors: Acharya Diptikanta , Satapathy Sagarika , Yadav Kanti Kusum , Somu Prathap , Mishra Gitanjali 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In the current study, biogenic silver nanoparticles (U-AgNPs) were synthesized using marine green macro-algal Ulva Lactuca extract, and evaluated mechanism behind the anticancer activity against the Human colon cancer (HCT-116). The novel biogenic U-AgNPs were characterized using various physiochemical techniques. The TEM micrographs confirmed the spherical morphology of synthesized U-AgNPs, with a mean size of 8–14 nm. FTIR Spectra analysis of U-AgNPs confirmed Ulva Lactuca extract bioactive molecules presence over U-AgNPs surface as a stabilizing agent, thereby improving biocompatibility. The cytotoxicity study revealed the dose dependent cell death in colon cancer cells with no loss of viability in normal human colon epithelial cells. Furthermore, the fluorescence micrographs of nucleus staining assay revealed the DNA fragmentation and nucleus condensation of cancer cells treated with U-AgNPs, indicating an apoptosis-mediated cell death. The western bolt and RT-PCR analysis of U-AgNPs treated cancer cells showed the rise in proapoptotic markers (P53, Bax, and P21) and decline in anti-apoptotic markers (Bcl-2), thus confirming the p53-dependent apoptosis mediated cell death in HCT-116. Overall, our study concluded that novel biogenic U-AgNPs nanoparticles, synthesized using marine green macro-algal Ulva Lactuca extract showed efficient anticancer activity against HCT-116 cell line and hence could work as potential therapeutic agent for targeted anti-cancer therapy.
Residue-resolved monitoring of protein hyperpolarization at sub-second time resolution
Authors: Negroni Mattia , Kurzbach Dennis 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We propose a method for real-time nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of hyperpolarized proteins at residue resolution. The approach is based on dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (d-DNP), which enables the use of hyperpolarized buffers that selectively boost NMR signals of backbone amides that incur magnetization fast from their surroundings. Capitalizing on the resulting spectral sparseness and simultaneous signal enhancement, we obtained residue-resolved NMR spectra at a sampling rate of 2 Hz. We could thus track the evolution of hyperpolarization at different protein residues simultaneously with time. This was achieved under near-physiological conditions, i.e., in aqueous solution at physiological salt concentration and at 37° C. With this development, two often encountered limitations of conventional solution-state NMR can be addressed: 1) NMR experiments are typically performed under conditions that increase sensitivity but are physiologically not relevant (low pH, low temperature) and; 2) signal accumulation over long periods impedes the determination of fast (on the order of seconds) real-time monitoring. Both limitations are of equal fundamental relevance: interaction studies under non-native conditions are of limited pharmacological relevance, and the key to the function of proteins often resides in their interaction kinetics. The proposed technique possibly opens new routes towards residue and temporally resolved spectroscopy at the atomistic level by overcoming the need for signal averaging in residue-resolved protein biomolecular NMR.
Development of a sticker sealed microfluidic device for in situ analytical measurements using synchrotron radiation
Authors: NECKEL ITAMAR , de Castro Lucas F. , Callefo Flavia , Teixeira Verônica , Gobbi Angelo , Piazzetta Maria , de Oliveira Ricardo , Lima Renato , Vicente Rafael , Galante Douglas , Tolentino Helio 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Shedding synchrotron light on microfluidic systems, exploring several contrasts in situ operando at the nanoscale, like X-ray fluorescence, diffraction, luminescence, and absorption, has the potential to reveal new properties and functionalities of materials across diverse areas, such as green energy, photonics, and nanomedicine. In this work, we present the micro-fabrication and characterization of a multifunctional polyester/glass sealed microfluidic device well-suited to combine with analytical X-ray techniques. The device consists of smooth microchannels patterned on glass, where three gold electrodes are deposited into the channels to serve in situ electrochemistry analysis or standard electrical measurements. It has been efficiently sealed through an ultraviolet-sensitive sticker-like layer based on a polyester film, and The burst pressure determined by pumping water through the microchannel(up to 0.22 MPa). Overall, the device has demonstrated exquisite chemical resistance to organic solvents, and its efficiency in the presence of biological samples (proteins) is remarkable. The device potentialities, and its high transparency to X-rays, have been demonstrated by taking advantage of the X-ray nanoprobe Carnaúba/Sirius/LNLS, by obtaining 2D X-ray nanofluorescence maps on the microchannel filled with water and after an electrochemical nucleation reaction. To wrap up, the microfluidic device characterized here has the potential to be employed in standard laboratory experiments as well as in situ and in vivo analytical experiments using a wide electromagnetic window, from infrared to X-rays, which could serve experiments in many branches of science.
The fliR gene contributes to the virulence of S. marcescens in a Drosophila intestinal infection model
Authors: Rahme Bechara Sina , Lestradet Matthieu , Venanzio Gisela Di , Ayyaz Arshad , Yamba Miriam Wennida , Lazzaro Martina , Véscovi Eleonora García , Ferrandon Dominique 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Serratia marcescens is an opportunistic bacterium that infects a wide range of hosts including humans. It is a potent pathogen in a septic injury model of Drosophila melanogaster as five bacteria directly injected in the body cavity of the fly kill the host within a day. In contrast, flies do not succumb to ingested bacteria for days even though some bacteria traverse the intestinal barrier into the hemolymph within a couple of hours. The mechanisms by which S. marcescens attacks enterocytes and damages the intestinal epithelium remain uncharacterized. To better understand intestinal infections, we performed a genetic screen for loss of virulence of ingested S. marcescens in which we identified FliR, a structural component of the flagellum, as a virulence factor. Next, we compared the virulence of two flagellum mutants fliR and flhD using two Serratia strains. Both genes are required for S. marcescens to escape the gut lumen into the hemocoel indicating that the flagellum plays an important role for the passage of bacteria through the intestinal barrier. In contrast, fliR but not flhD is needed to severely damage the intestinal epithelium and ultimately kill the host. Our results therefore suggest a flagellum-independent role for fliR in bacterial virulence.
Interferon Gamma Therapy in a Novel Case of Homozygous Interferon Alpha/beta Receptor Alpha Chain (IFNAR1) Deficiency Infected With SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Khanmohammadi Shaghayegh , Rezaei Nima , Khazaei Mehdi , Shirkani Afshin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Interferons play a crucial role in antiviral immunity. Genetic defects in interferon receptors (IFNRs) can lead to the development of life-threatening forms of infectious diseases.Case presentation: A thirteen-year-old boy with a novel mutation in interferon alpha/beta receptor subunit 1 (IFNAR1)(c.674-2A>G) was diagnosed with COVID-19. He had cold symptoms and a high-grade fever at the time of admission. He was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit after showing no response to favipiravir. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scanning revealed lung involvement of 70% with extensive areas of consolidation in both lungs. Antibiotics, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), remdesivir, methylprednisolone pulse, and other medications were started in the patient. However, remdesivir and methylprednisolone pulse were discontinued after the occurrence of hypertension and bradycardia in the patient. His general condition improved, and a few days later was discharged from the hospital.Conclusion: We reported a COVID-19 patient who had a novel mutation in IFNAR1 and was treated with IFN-γ. Our findings and approach to managing this COVID-19 patient suggest that IFN-γ therapy could be an appropriate choice to treat patients with defects in IFN-α/β signaling pathways.
EOESGC: Predicting miRNA−disease Associations Based on Embedding of Embedding and Simplified Graph Convolutional Network
Authors: Pang Shanchen , Zhuang yu , Wang Xinzeng , Wang Fuyu , Qiao Sibo 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: A large number of biological studies have shown that miRNAs are inextricably linked to many complex diseases. Studying the miRNA−disease associations could provide us a root cause understanding on the underlying pathogenesis in which promotes the progress of drug development. However, traditional biological experiments are very time consuming and costly. Therefore, we come up with more efficient models to solve this challenge. Results: In this work, we propose a deep learning model called EOESGC to predict potential miRNA−disease associations based on embedding of embedding and simplified convolutional network. Firstly, a coupled heterogeneous graph is constructed by using the integrated disease similarity, integrated miRNA similarity and miRNA−disease association networks where parts of the connected edges with less similarity values are removed to simplify the graph structure. The initial feature representation of nodes in the graph is learned using the embedding of embedding model(EOE) based on the principle that the nodes with associations are close to each other and the nodes without association are far from each other. The use of EOE can effectively learn the positional information among nodes and protect the graph structure information to some extent. Then the initial features of the nodes are fed into the simplified graph convolutional network(SGC), and in this step we only use miRNA−disease association network to further simplify the graph structure and thus reduce the computational complexity. Finally, feature embeddings of both miRNA and disease spliced into the MLP for prediction. The two graph simplifications of our model effectively reduce the computational difficulty, and the experimental results show that our model can indeed predict the potential miRNA−disease associations effectively. Compared with the latest published models, our model shows better results. On EOESGC evaluation part, the AUC, AUPR and F1 of our model are 0.9658, 0.8543 and 0.8644 by 5−fold cross validation respectively. In addition, we predict the top 20 potential miRNAs for breast cancer and lung cancer, most of which are validated in the dbDEMC and HMDD3.2 databases. Conclusion: The comprehensive experimental results show that EOESGC can effectively identify the potential miRNA−disease associations.
Treatment Outcomes of Mycobacterium Avium Complex Pulmonary Disease According to Disease Severity
Authors: Kim Bo-Guen , Jhun Byung Woo , Kim Hojoong , Kwon O Jung 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease (MAC-PD) requires long-term treatment. We analyzed the outcomes of 992 MAC-PD patients according to disease severity and compared the outcomes of intermittent and daily therapy for mild disease. Patients were divided into groups according to severity using the body mass index, age, cavity, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and sex (BACES) system, and culture conversion rates were evaluated. We also evaluated the effects of intermittent treatment on the culture conversion rates in mild disease group. Using the BACES, 992 patients were divided into mild (n=331), moderate (n=503), and severe (n=158) disease groups, and culture conversion at the end of treatment was achieved in 85% (282/331), 80% (403/503), and 61% (97/158), respectively. Differences in culture conversion among the severity groups were significant (p<0.001). In patients with mild disease, culture conversion rates were similar between intermittent (84%, 166/198) and daily (87%, 116/133) treatment (p=0.396), and intermittent antibiotic therapy did not negatively impact culture conversion (adjusted hazard ratio 1.08; confidence interval 0.83–1.15; p=0.552). MAC-PD patients with mild disease had higher culture conversion rates. Daily and intermittent therapy yielded similar culture conversion rates for mild disease. Treatment strategies with lower pill burden may be applicable in mild MAC-PD.
Success Rate in Micropulse Diode Laser Treatment in Regards to the Phakic Versus Non-phakic Status, as Well as Refractive Errors and Glaucoma Subtypes
Authors: Zanutigh Virginia , Perrone Luciano Daniel , Gómez-Caride Gastón , Perrone Franco , Valvecchia Gerardo , Logioco Celina 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Purpose. To evaluate the efficiency of micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC) considering different characteristics: lens status, spherical equivalent (SE), and glaucoma sub-types. Methods. A retrospective case-series study was designed to evaluate intraocular pressure (IOP), and the number of IOP lowering medications, used by glaucoma patients treated with MP-TSCPC between 2016 and 2019. Cases had a follow-up period of 12 months and 24 months. Achieving an IOP reduction higher than 20%, or the decrease of at least one IOP lowering medication, was considered a successful outcome. The same population was analyzed by classifying them in three groups according to certain characteristics: lens status, refractive errors (calculated according to their SE), glaucoma sub-types. Results. A total of 86 eyes were included. In most cases, IOP and IOP lowering medications were decreased with a statistically significant difference (P<0.0001), and all of them had a successful outcome. The percentage of IOP drop oscillated between 15.5% (open angle glaucoma sub-groups), and 41.5% (pseudoexfoliative glaucoma sub-groups), 24 months after surgery. The Person’s coefficient obtained was low for the SE and IOP association, at both the 12 and the 24-month postoperative mark (-0.009 and 0.08, respectively). Conclusions. The MP-TSCPC treatment was successful in decreasing IOP and IOP lowering medications, with similar efficacy between phakic and pseudophakic eyes. The higher effect was observed in the pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. No association was found between the SE and the IOP drop after MS-TSCPC treatment.
Influence of manufacturing errors of bearing components on rotational accuracy of cylindrical roller bearings
Authors: Yu Yongjian , Li Jishun , Xue Yujun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Understanding the influence of bearing component manufacturing errors and roller number on the rotational accuracy of rolling bearings is crucial in the design of high precision bearings. The rotational accuracy of an assembled bearing is dependent upon roller number and manufacturing error of the bearing components. We propose a model for calculating the rotational accuracy of a cylindrical roller bearing; we experimentally verified the effectiveness of the model in predicting the radial run-out of the inner ring proposed in the previous paper in this series. We sought to define the key contributing factors to the rotational accuracy by studying both the influence of the coupling effect of the roller number and the influence of the manufacturing errors in the inner raceway, outer raceway, and rollers on the motion error. The model and results will help engineers choose reasonable manufacturing tolerances for bearing components to achieve the required rotational accuracy.
Blast-Induced Axonal Degeneration In The Rat Cerebellum In The Absence of Head Movement
Authors: Bishop Robin , Won Seok Joon , Irvine Karen-Amanda , Basu Jayinee , Rome Eric S. , Swanson Raymond A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Blast exposure can injure brain by multiple mechanisms, and injury attributable to direct effects of the blast wave itself have been difficult to distinguish from that caused by rapid head displacement and other secondary processes. To resolve this issue, we used a rat model of blast exposure in which head movement was either strictly prevented or permitted in the lateral plane. Blast was found to produce axonal injury even with strict prevention of head movement. This axonal injury was restricted to the cerebellum, with the exception of injury in visual tracts secondary to ocular trauma. The cerebellar axonal injury was increased in rats in which blast-induced head movement was permitted, but the pattern of injury was unchanged. These findings support the contentions that blast per se, independent of head movement, is sufficient to induce axonal injury, and that axons in cerebellar white matter are particularly vulnerable to direct blast - induced injury.
Orai1 Mediated Calcium Influx Improves Sepsis-induced T Lymphocyte Immunosuppression and Acute Organ Dysfunction
Authors: Chen Longwang , Zhao Guangju , Ke Heliang , Liu Xinyong , Lian Jie , Lin Miaotong , Hong Guangliang , Lu Zhongqiu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Sepsis-triggered immune paralysis, particularly CD4+ T-cell dysfunction, increases susceptibility to infections. Ca2+ signals arising from store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) in T lymphocytes are critical mediators to infection, inflammation, and autoimmunity. Orai1 is a major component of SOCE. The role of Orai1 and SOCE in sepsis-induced immunosuppression remain to be elucidated. In this study, we first identified the immunosuppression of splenic CD4+ T cells and CD4+CD25+Treg cell/T helper 17 (Th17) cell imbalance in septic mice. Following this, we found that Ca2+-calcineurin-calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT) signaling pathways as well as SOCE were inhibited in septic mice. Further, Upregulation of Orai1 not only can improve immune function of T cell in sepsis but also reduce the mortality and organ damage in septic mice. Lastly, Overexpression of Orai1 can partially recovery of SOCE in sepsis. These data suggest that Orai1 mediated calcium influx can improve sepsis-induced T lymphocyte immunosuppression and acute organ dysfunction.
Spatial Assessment of Drought Features over Different Climates and Seasons Across Iran
Authors: Sharafi Saeed , Ghaleni Mehdi Mohammadi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Drought is one of the most complex phenomena in the world, so proper management is very important in monitoring and reducing its damage. For this purpose, Standard Precipitation Index (SPI), Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) indices were used to analyze the intensity and frequency of drought in the coastal wet, mountain, semi mountain, semi desert, desert and coastal desert climates of Iran in four seasons, separately: autumn, winter, spring and summer. 43 synoptic stations with a common statistical period of 50 years (1969–2019) were selected. The results showed that the trend of drought in winter and summer is increasing in all studied climates. The highest correlation (0.80–0.99) between SPI-RDI and SPEI-RDI indices in coastal desert, mountain and semi mountain climates and the lowest correlation (0.34) between SPI-SPEI and SPEI-RDI indices in semi desert, desert and coastal desert climates were obtained. The comparison of the results in the trend analysis of the drought showed the same trend, but the SPEI index compared to the other indicators showed a quicker response to changes in drier climates. SPI-RDI variations showed similar values in colder climates. The SPEI is based on precipitation and temperature data, and it has the advantage of combining multi-scalar character with the capacity to include the effects of temperature variability in the drought assessment. Thus, SPEI is recommended as a suitable index for studying and identifying the effect of climate change on drought conditions.
Texture and Anisotropy of Hot-Pressed h-BN Matrix Composite Ceramics With in Situ Formed YAG
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Duan Xiaoming , Tian Zhuo , Wang Yujin , Wang Lan , Chen Lei , Qiu Baofu , Cai Delong , He Peigang , Jia Dechang , Zhou Yu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Textured h-BN matrix composite ceramics were prepared by hot-pressing using different contents of 3Y2O3-5Al2O3 (mole ratio of 3:5) as the liquid phase sintering additive. During the hot-pressing process, the liquid Y3Al5O12 (YAG) phase with good wettability to h-BN grains was in situ formed through the reaction between Y2O3 and Al2O3, and a coherent relationship between h-BN and YAG was observed with [010]h-BN // [1̅11]YAG and (002)h-BN // (321)YAG. Plate-like h-BN grains in the YAG liquid phase environment were rotated under the action of the uniaxial sintering pressure, making their basal surfaces preferentially arranged perpendicular to the sintering pressure, forming textured microstructures with the c-axis of h-BN grains oriented parallel to the sintering pressure, which give these composite ceramics anisotropy in their mechanical and thermal properties. The highest texture degree was found in the specimen with 30 wt.% YAG content, which also possesses the most anisotropic thermal conductivity. The aggregation of YAG phase resulting in the buckling of h-BN plates was observed in the specimen with 40 wt.% YAG content, which significantly reduced its texture degree.
Effective, Shortened Drying of Agar-Gelcasting Al2O3 Tube Through Immersing in Acetone
Authors: Kaemkit Ramnaree , Vichaphund Supawan , Phureungrat Anukorn , Promsawat Methee , Sirijarukul Suksawat , Lertwittayanon Kowit 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
A liquid drying agent, i.e. acetone, was employed for allowing the faster drying of Al2O3 tubes fabricated by agar gelcasting than the conventional air drying. The mixture of Al2O3 slurry and agar solution was separately prepared and then mixed prior to molding out of a set of warmed glass tubes. After the mixture transformed into gelled tube, the gelled tube was demolded and then immersed in acetone at different periods of time from 0 to 50 h. The immersed periods of 50 h led to the acetone replacement for water being inside of the gelling tube by 74 wt.% and then shortened the drying period to be 25 min. On the other hand, the conventional air drying spent 420 min drying completely. After drying, the immersed tubes possessed spherical cross section; whereas, no immersed tubes showed the deformation of cross section. The shortened drying was in line with the smaller drying shrinkage (4.7%), broader pore-size distribution and higher porous microstructure, comparing to the conventional air drying. The mechanism of acetone replacement for water was attributed to the acetone-water concentration gradient creating their inter-diffusion.