bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study on using of SNI 1726-2012 and SNI 1726-2019 for calculating of internal force magnitude of lecture building in D.I. Yogyakarta Province
Authors: Windarta M A T , Jaya D J , Widodo S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The application of SNI 1726-2019 as a new standard has added and changed the scope of the procedure for calculating earthquakes to become wider so that it can keep up with the times. Earthquake loads can be analyzed statically or dynamically. Dynamic analysis using the response spectrum method. This study aims to compare the results of the calculation using the response spectrum based on SNI 1726-2012 and SNI 1726-2019 so that it can be seen whether buildings using the old rules are still safe or not. The building structure is modeled as an ordinary building and functions as a lecture building in the Province of D.I Yogyakarta with a total of 4 floors and a building height of 24.054 m. The results of the research prove that the forces acting on the building with modeling use the response spectrum of SNI 1726-2012 and SNI 1726-2019, the building structure scheme using the old standard is given a small safe limit, if a review is carried out using the new standard the structure of the building is required to be rehabilitated in preventing building construction failures. However, if a large safety limit is given in the planning using the old standard, if a review is carried out based on the new standard, it is possible that the building structure does not need to be rehabilitated if it meets the safety limit of the new standard.
Geotechnical properties of unprocessed soil from abandoned Mamut mine in Sabah, Borneo
Authors: Makinda J , Kassim K A , Siong C C , Zango M U , Muhammed A S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The issue related to the geotechnical stability of land mining area in Malaysia had become more critical after a strong earthquake struck Sabah, Borneo in 2015 centred in Ranau District where Mamut copper mine is located. As part of safety assessment and future planning, knowledge of soil characteristics in this risky area is necessary. This paper presents some findings on geotechnical properties of unprocessed soil obtained from the abandoned mine. Results found that Mamut soil can be classified as SW and has higher coarse-grained percentage (97.4%) compared to other copper mines elsewhere. The soil also has higher permeability (3.61 x 10−3 m/s), lower organic content (0.15%), lower pH (4.53), higher specific gravity (2.75) and higher maximum dry density (1780 kg/m3). Mamut soil is found to be cohesionless, while the angle of friction shows a variation with the relative compaction. Chemical analysis shows that SiO2 and C12H10MgO6S2 are the two predominant compounds of the soil. Morphologically, Mamut soil appears to be composed of powdered and hardened particles with dark brown colour. They contain higher amount of irregular-shaped particles but well-rounded and spherical shapes are also observed. Smooth surfaces with no agglomeration between particles indicates that the strength value of the soil is low due to the weak bonding between the loose grain structure. These findings suggest that Mamut soil is suitable for chemical stabilisation or remediation method such as microbiologically induced calcite precipitation (MICP).
Measurement analysis of the level of household preparedness for facing landslide in Bogor regency
Authors: Saputra P D , Rahmawati C , Purnomo K S H , Larosa E , Nurhasanah  
Published: April 2021

Abstract
There are so many areas in Indonesia that are prone to landslides. Bogor is the regency with the most frequent landslides. Therefore, high community preparedness is needed to deal with the landslide, especially at the household level because it is the spearhead of preparedness and influence disaster risk. The objective of this research is to measure and analyze the level of household preparedness for facing landslide. The location of this research is in Cibadak Village, Bogor regency where a landslide disaster had happened. This is a quantitative research. The number of the samples were 100 household. Data collection was done by surveying samples and distributing questionnaires. The data would be analyzed with descriptive analysis, and the results of level of household preparedness would be categorized to five levels which were very prepared (80-100), prepared (65-79), almost prepared (55-64), less prepared (40-54), and not prepared (0-39). The results of the research are the average index value of Knowledge and Attitude (KA) parameter is 66.77, Emergency Planning (EP) parameter is 52.24, Warning System (WS) parameter is 64.80, Resources Mobilization Capacity (RMC) parameter is 51.25 and the level of household preparedness for facing landslide is 59.26 or and it is significant at the almost prepared level.
The development of the model of influence of sociodemographic characteristics and disaster experience toward household preparedness for facing landslide in Bogor regency
Authors: Saputra P D , Rahmawati C , Karuniakhalida P , Purnomo K S H , Larosa E 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Indonesia has a high tendency of having landslides. Bogor is one of regency which is very prone to landslide disaster due to high rainfall. Landslides are a very dangerous threat to public safety. The preparedness can build disaster resilient communities that can support the national resilience. Sociodemographic characteristic and disaster experience are determining factors for the success of preparedness. The purpose of this research is to develop a model of the influence of sociodemographic characteristics and disaster experience toward household preparedness for facing landslide. This research is done in Cibadak Village, Sukamakmur Bogor. This research uses a quantitative approach with 100 sample of households. Multiple linear regression technique is used for analyzing the model. The results of the research showed that household preparedness is significantly influenced by sociodemographic characteristics which is education (p = 0.000), meanwhile age, income and the number of family member don’t significantly influence. Beside that the household preparedness is also greatly influenced by disaster experience too (p = 0.000). Education influence on household preparedness for facing landslide as much as 38.81% and the disaster experience is 52.85%.
Investigation the effect of central openings in the web on the behaviour of the plate girders
Authors: Al-Mazini M A , Alhamaidah A , Zewair M S 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe effect of web openings in steel girders were investigated experimentally by testing six girders under two point loads with circular, square and rectangular opening webs. The last girder was a plate girder with a solid web; however, similar dimensions were used for all girders. Results of experimental work revealed that girders’ critical buckling decreased with increases in openings sizes, also depending upon the shape of the opening. Also, theoretical equations were initiated due to elastic local buckling and compared with experimental. Both experimental and analytical work was adopted to carry out the numerical investigations of the structural response of the girders with different shape of holes by using ANSYS (version 12.0). SHELL 181 was utilized to create the steel plate. Finite element model adopted though out the parametric study to investigate the critical buckling of plate girder with different web width ratios and slenderness ratios to determine the effects of changing size and shape for different web width and slenderness ratio.
Climate-smart agriculture: Mitigation of landslides and increasing of farmers’ household food security
Authors: Jumiyati S , Hadid A , Toknok B , Nurdin R , Paramitha T A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The application of the Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) concept is an effort to improve food security as well as mitigate landslides in watershed areas. This study aims to determine the coefficient value of runoff that can cause landslides, risk criteria, and the level of vulnerability in the event of landslides as well as the criteria for household food security of farmers. The results showed that farmers who diversify tree crops (cacao) and food crops (cassava and sweet potato) can reduce the risk and vulnerability of landslides as well as improve the household food security conditions of farmers. Soil and water conservation through an agro-ecosystem approach can increase food production, farmer income, job opportunities, and the quality of community nutrition as well as the welfare and food security of farmer households around the forest.
Flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams with high strength material layer in compression zone
Authors: Thamrin R , Kurniawan R , Yunas B , Arifky I 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams with high strength material layers in the compression zone was observed. The compression zone of the beams was filled with high strength material to increase the ductility of the beams. Three control beams and three beams with high strength compression layer were tested until failure. The tested beams were simply supported and loaded with a four-point bending mechanism. The test variable in this study was the ratio of longitudinal reinforcement (1%, 1.5%, and 2.5%). The test results show that the ductility of beams with high strength material in the compression zone is significantly higher than the control beams. However, the flexural capacity of beams with high strength materials is almost the same as the control beam. Theoretical prediction using finite element analysis also confirms that beams with high strength material in the compression zone show higher ductility.
Urban poverty response management during pandemic using geographic information system
Authors: Hamim S A , Usman F , Gumano H N , Jamil F 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic had influenced various aspects of community activities such as health, education and socio-economic. The effect of economic activities had caused many people to experience a decrease in income and loss of work due to the laid-off of informal workers. Overall, this unprecedented situation had led to an increase in the new poverty rate. In Palembang, based on the Non–DTKS (Integrated Social Welfare Data) data, the number of new poor affected by COVID-19 pandemic was 30,765 people. Therefore, the new poor needed to be responded immediately, and the aid distribution needed to be followed up. This paper presents the development of a web-based operation dashboard in Geographic Information System to map the distribution of people categorized in poverty and new poor affected by the pandemic. The operational dashboard functioned as aid distribution activity monitoring. The type of aid, the number of people receiving the aid was recorded using the geo-tagging capabilities. By having this system, the community centres set up by the sub-district office would have an operational dashboard to monitor activities and examining the aid distribution.
Mobilization of social capital during post Haiyan in the two municipalities of Leyte Province, Philippines
Authors: Era M D L 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe paper describes how social capital has facilitated and hindered the disaster recovery of selected community residents of the municipalities of Tolosa and Dulag in Leyte Province who were victims of Typhoon Haiyan in 2013. A survey was conducted using questionnaire to 201 male and female respondents, on how they were able to utilize social capital in order to rebuild their lives, of their families and communities. The study revealed that the weak social capital displayed by the community could partly explain that the respondents felt moderate satisfaction with their state of recovery such as having more permanent and stable housing and livelihood. Having stronger social capital could possibly increase levels of satisfaction among the community residents of Tolosa and Dulag and improve their overall recovery and resilience by building back better.
Applications of deep mixing technology for mitigating earth-quake disaster in Urban Area
Authors: Kitazume M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Many earthquakes take place every year in Japan, in which the 1995 Hyogoken-Nambu earthquake and the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake induced both a humanitarian crisis and massive economic impacts. As liquefaction, which occurs in a loose and saturated sand layer, induces quite large damages of infrastructures, the importance of liquefaction mitigation has been emphasized to minimize earthquake disasters for many years. Many kinds of ground improvement techniques based on various improvement principles have been developed for earthquake disaster mitigation. Among them, the deep mixing technology has been often applied to liquefaction mitigation. In the techniques, in-situ soil is mixed with binder by several types of methods: mechanical mixing, high pressure injection mixing and combined mixing. The high applicability of the method was confirmed in several earthquakes, including the 1995 Hyogoken-Nambu earthquake and the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake. In this paper, the outline of the deep mixing method and some applications of the deep mixing method to earthquake disaster mitigation are briefly introduced.
From soft soil modelling to engineering application
Authors: Karstunen Minna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Soft soil engineering is still a challenge, in particular when we increasingly need to construct on densely populated urban areas next to existing structures, and need to deal with the effects of climate change. The paper discusses the systematic research by the author and her co-workers in the last 20 years that has resulted in the development and validation of advanced soil models, specifically geared for Scandinavian soft soil conditions. The culmination of this research is Creep-SCLAY1S, a rate dependent anisotropic model, which is backed by hierarchical development and systematic validation. Some recent examples of engineering applications where the model was used are are highlighted, in addition to the parameter determination and calibration.
Laboratory evaluation of electrokinetic dewatering of dredged marine sediment as an option for climate change adaption
Authors: Malekzadeh M , Sivakugan N 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The climate change affects the coastal infrastructure including ports. This effect is through changes in the tides, waves, wind and coastal erosion. As a result, sedimentation in harbours and coastal area increases and therefore there is a need for more regular dredging as well as adaption to climate change to reduce the vulnerability. More frequent dredging means higher amount of dredging sediments need to be disposed or treated. One of the methods to be proposed to reduce the impact of high amount of dredging and reducing the environmental wastes as a by-product of dredging is to reuse or reproduce the dredged sediments. Electrokinetic stabilization is one of the environmentally friendly methods to dewater and strengthen the engineering properties of the soils and dredged sediments. This study investigates the effect of electrokinetic stabilization to improve the engineering properties of the dredged mud as an alternative option to reduce the environmental impact and use of a sustainable method for climate change adaption. Two laboratory designs are tested to determine the most efficient electrokinetic dewatering configuration and to examine the potential use of this method for dewatering and improving dredged mud. Electrokinetic stabilization is a promising method to dewater and expedite the settlement of the dredged marine sediments. However, the placement of electrodes can affect the power consumption and the efficiency of the technique and the resistivity of the soil. Some studies in the literature determine the best electrode configuration to optimize the electrokinetic stabilization. However, a few studies examined the electrode placement for electrokinetic dewatering and sedimentation. This study investigates the effect of electrode placement based on the efficiency of the method depending on power consumption versus dewatering, soil electrical resistivity, the settlement of the sediments, and treatment time. To reduce the energy expenditure first a constant voltage of 20 V is applied and the variation of electric current during the electrokinetic stabilization is monitored. Once the electric current approached zero, the voltage is increased to 30 V. Using constant voltage for both cases of electrode placement (anode on top, cathode at the bottom; anode at the bottom, cathode on top), it was observed that higher efficiency based on dewatering and power consumption is obtained when the cathode is placed on top.
Laboratory and field investigation of cement-stabilized organic soil near flood-prone area
Authors: Gerlach Christopher , Trads Niels , Petersen Jesper 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Cement stabilization of very high plasticity organic soils (gyttja) near flood-prone areas, is a key to constructing water-retaining structures with optimized foundation works. The company Geo has documented the strength of cement stabilized gyttja samples from the area Jyllinge Nordmark in Denmark, for Keller Funderingsteknik Danmark ApS, who have carried out the stabilization. The strength was determined by Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) tests, with support of Consolidated Undrained Triaxial (CU) tests and field vane tests to determine undrained shear strength of the stabilized soil. In the laboratory, specimens were prepared with five different cement contents (60, 80, 100, 125, 150 kg/m3) and the strength determined after curing times of 7, 28 and 91 days. To document the in-situ strength and correlate laboratory and in-situ measurements, two UCS tests and three undrained triaxial tests were carried out on intact specimens taken from the cement stabilized soil. The investigation showed a good correlation between cement content, water content, curing time and compressive strength. Further, comparison with similar tests from Sweden, where cement stabilization is a far more common method, shows good correlation to the Jyllinge Nordmark results.
Suction measurement in freezing soils using pore pressure transducers
Authors: Bansal T , Knutsson S , Laue J 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Frost heave is major problem for infrastructures build in cold regions. Frost heave occurs due to suction (negative pore water pressure) generated due to the freezing process close to the frost line, i.e., at the frozen fringe. To understand and predict these negative pore water pressures is a key factor to accurately calculate the segregation heave, i.e. heave related to the formation of ice lenses. Segregation heave is the major part of the total heave and also the most challenging to predict. Many attempts have been presented in literature where the generated suction during freezing is related to temperatures, temperature gradients, grain size of the freezing soil etc. Very few laboratory tests have been presented in which the actual suction is measured during the ice lens formation process and compared with theoretical estimations. One reason is that these measurements are challenging. This paper presents results from laboratory measurements of generated suction during freezing. Laboratory tests were conducted on a silty soil sample and suction was measured at the frozen fringe using small pore pressure transducers (PPT’s). The samples were subjected to one-dimensional freezing from top to bottom in an open water system at a constant temperature gradient. Temperatures were measured at various points along the height of the soil sample while suction was measured at middle of the sample. Test results have shown that PPTs do not show pressure change in long-term static pressure test under sub-freezing temperature. For suction measurement at the frozen fringe, pore pressure readings should be measured at various points along the sample height.
Estimating pile length uncertainty with Kriging
Authors: Hallipelto Martti , Hartikainen Ari , Dettenborn Taavi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Piles are used to transfer loads from the structure into the bearing soil layer. The accurate estimation of the pile lengths is a complex statistical problem that includes several spatial and measurement-based uncertainties. Commonly, bearing subsurface is modeled with linear triangular networks, and geometry related uncertainty is considered with overall safety factor. Currently, it is common practice is to solve the unknowns in this problem with simplistic borehole analysis and engineering judgment. Our paper presents a statistical pile length model based on the borehole uncertainty analysis. Modern geotechnical designing contains multiple steps including ground investigations, computer modeling, and expert decision making. All the included steps add uncertainty to the design process. The problem with these traditional methods is that the sources and the magnitudes of the uncertainty are not visible to the designer, which can lead to non-optimal decisions. With the help of the state-of-the-art probabilistic models, a design pipeline can be constructed that propagates the uncertainty from process to process and is transparent about its sources and magnitudes. In our paper, we show how the probabilistic pipeline approach enables us to make more informed decisions. This is due to uncertainty propagation from ground investigations to the 3D volumetric model. Given the uncertainty, we can estimate the mean and variance of the future costs and the impact that different design decisions have. The paper presents a practical example where probabilistic models are utilized to improve decision making.
Chemical content of waste composting by black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens)
Authors: Widyastuti R A D , Rahmat A , Warganegara H A , Ramadhani W S , Prasetyo B , Riantini M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Solid food waste from households and restaurants in urban areas currently be a severe problem. Mismanagement of solid food waste can promote disease. Black Soldier Fly larvae were known as new composting technology because they fast in the composting process. To decrease the volume of solid food waste that Black Soldier Fly larvae can be applied. This research aims to study the chemical content of the compost from composting by Black Soldier Fly larvae. The results show that the C-organic compost content is 18,37%, Total Nitrogen is 1.45%, Total Phosphor is 1.58%, and the pH is 6.8, C/N ratio is 12.66. Total Nitrogen, Total Phosphor, C/N ratio, and pH have fulfilled the requirements of the National compost standard of Indonesia (SNI). So, Compost from Black Soldier Fly larvae has high potential as a standard compost.