bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Kidney Injuries in Children with Severe Malaria
Authors: Afolayan Folake M. , Adedoyin Olanrewaju T. , Abdulkadir Mohammed B. , Ibrahim Olayinka R. , Biliaminu Sikiru A. , Mokuolu Olugbenga A. , Ojuawo Ayodele 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Serum creatinine levels are often used to diagnose acute kidney injury (AKI), but may not necessarily accurately reflect changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This study aimed to compare the prevalence of AKI in children with severe malaria using diagnostic criteria based on creatinine values in contrast to cystatin C. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was performed between June 2016 and May 2017 at the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. A total of 170 children aged 0.5–14 years old with severe malaria were included. Serum cystatin C levels were determined using a particle-enhanced immunoturbidmetric assay method, while creatinine levels were measured using the Jaffe reaction. Renal function assessed using cystatin C-derived estimated GFR (eGFR) was compared to that measured using three sets of criteria based on creatinine values including the Kidney Disease: Improved Global Outcomes (KDIGO) and World Health Organization (WHO) criteria as well as an absolute creatinine cut-off value of >1.5 mg/dL. Results: Mean serum cystatin C and creatinine levels were 1.77 ± 1.37 mg/L and 1.23 ± 1.80 mg/dL, respectively (P = 0.002). According to the KDIGO, WHO and absolute creatinine criteria, the frequency of AKI was 32.4%, 7.6% and 16.5%, respectively. In contrast, the incidence of AKI based on cystatin C-derived eGFR was 51.8%. Overall, the rate of detection of AKI was significantly higher using cystatin C compared to the KDIGO, WHO and absolute creatinine criteria (P = 0.003, <0.001 and <0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Diagnostic criteria for AKI based on creatinine values may not indicate the actual burden of disease in children with severe malaria.
Keywords: Biomarkers; Acute Kidney Injury; Renal Failure; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Cystatin C; Creatinine; Malaria; Nigeria.
Interpreting a Diagnosis of Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance in Cervical Cytology and its Association with Human Papillomavirus
Authors: Kapila Kusum , Balakrishnan Meera , Ali Rola H. , Al-Juwaiser Ahlam , George Sara S. , Mallik Mrinmay K. 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) represent a diagnostic challenge during cervical cytology. This study aimed to review and identify high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotypes among previously diagnosed ASC-US cases in Kuwait. Methods: This retrospective study analysed 180 cases diagnosed as ASC-US between June 2017 and May 2018 at the Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait. Cervical specimens were assayed to determine the presence of HR-HPV DNA; subsequently, positive cases underwent genotyping and were categorised into three groups (HPV 16, HPV 18/45 and other HR-HPV types). Results: In total, ASC-US was confirmed in only 105 cases (58.3%), with the remaining cases reclassified as negative for intraepithelial lesions or malignancy (NILM; 32.2%) and epithelial cell abnormalities (ECA; 9.4%). Of these, HRHPV DNA was present in 20 ASC-US (19%), one NILM (1.7%) and six ECA (35.3%) cases. There were 62 Kuwaiti and 43 non-Kuwaiti women with confirmed ASC-US; of these, three (4.8%), six (9.7%) and four (6.5%) Kuwaitis and one (2.3%), one (2.3%) and five (11.6%) non-Kuwaitis had HPV 16, both HPV 16 and 18/45 and other HRHPV genotypes, respectively. Of those with HR-HPV DNA, the NILM case had the HPV 18/45 genotype, while the six ECA cases had the HPV 16 (n = 1), both HPV 16 and 18/45 (n = 1) and other HR-HPV (n = 4) genotypes. Conclusion: Overall, HR-HPV DNA was present in 19% of ASC-US cases compared to 1.7% of NILM cases initially misdiagnosed as ASC-US. Re-review of cervical cytology diagnoses may reduce unnecessary costs associated with HR-HPV genotyping.
Keywords: Cervical Smears; Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance; Human Papilloma Virus; Cytological Techniques; Papanicolaou Test; Kuwait.
Thyroid Dysfunction in Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome Attending a Paediatric Hospital in Qazvin, Iran
Authors: Saffari Fatemeh , Ahadi Samieh , Dalirani Reza , Esfandiar Nasrin , Yazdi Zohreh , Arad Banafsheh 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Nephrotic syndrome is a glomerular disease characterised by a loss of albumin and high-molecular-weight proteins such as thyroxine-binding globulin and thyroid hormones, potentially resulting in subclinical or even overt hypothyroidism. This study aimed to compare thyroid hormone levels between nephrotic children and healthy controls as well as between nephrotic children in the active phase of the disease and those in remission. Methods: This case-control study was conducted between March 2016 and 2018 at a paediatric hospital in Qazvin, Iran. A total of 73 nephrotic children comprised the case group—including 49 with active disease and 24 in remission—while the control group included 74 healthy children. Thyroid function was assessed according to levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (T3), free thyroxine (T4), total T4, total T3 and anti-thyroid peroxidase. Results: All of the controls had normal total T4 levels. Elevated TSH levels were more frequent in nephrotic children compared to controls (34.2% versus 10.8%; P = 0.001). A significantly lower number of patients with active disease were euthyroid compared to those in remission (51% versus 95.8%; P = 0.001). Moreover, 7 (9.5%) of patients in the active and no patient in remission phase had abnormal total T4 levels (P <0.001), while 14.3% and 0% had highly elevated TSH levels (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Due to the prevalence of subclinical and even overt hypothyroidism, thyroid screening tests may be required for nephrotic children. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Keywords: Nephrotic Syndrome; Children; Albuminuria; Proteinuria; Hypothyroidism; Iran.
Diabetes Self-Management and the Associated Factors Among Adult Omanis with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Al-Hadhrami Rajaa , AL-Rawajfah Omar , Muliira Joshua 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to assess and explore factors affecting diabetes self-management (DSM) among Omani adults with type one diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from May to November 2018. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants from three referral hospitals in Oman. Data were collected using the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire, Empowerment Scale (short form), Medical Outcome Study Social Support Scale, Diabetes Knowledge Test and glycosylated haemoglobin test results. Linear multiple regression analysis was used to explore possible predictors of DSM. Results: A total of 210 people participated in the study (response rate: 87.5%). The majority of participants were female (70.5%) with a mean age of 26.82 ± 8.25 years. The mean score for DSM was 6.8 ± 1.4, which represents 68% of the total maximum score. More than one-third (36.2%) of the participants had poor glycaemic control. The predictors of high levels of DSM were being employed (P = 0.049), earning a low monthly income of less than 300 Omani rials (P = 0.014), having other chronic diseases (P = 0.029), a high diabetes self-efficacy (DSE; P = 0.003) and high social support (SS; P = 0.006). Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, Omanis with T1DM have suboptimal DSM levels. Factors such as diabetes knowledge, DSE and SS are modifiable factors that can be targeted by interventions from different healthcare professionals to enhance DSM.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus; Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus; Self-Management; Adult; Oman.
A Cadaveric Study of Splenic Fissures and Bilobed Spleen
Authors: Arumugam Sangeetha , Subbiah Nandha K. 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Anatomical knowledge regarding the external morphology of the spleen is essential for surgical intervention and radiological diagnosis. A characteristic feature of the spleen is the presence of splenic notches at the superior border; however, such notches rarely extend deep enough to be considered fissures or to separate the spleen into multiple lobes. To date, there are very few cadaveric reports of splenic fissures. This study aimed to examine the anatomy and morphological structure of spleens collected from cadavers in order to identify the prevalence and clinical significance of splenic notches, fissures and lobation. Methods: This study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, Katuri Medical College and Hospital, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India. A total of 50 spleens were collected from cadavers over a period of seven years from 2012–2019 and examined to determine the presence of splenic notches or fissures. Results: Of the 50 spleens, 40% had notches at the superior border, 10% had notches at the inferior border and 50% had no notches at either border. Fissures were present in five spleens (10%); of these, three showed incomplete fissures and the remaining two had complete fissures that divided the spleen into two lobes. Conclusion: The findings of this study provide valuable information regarding the anatomy and prevalence of splenic fissures and bilobed spleens. A bilobed spleen is a rare congenital malformation which should be considered distinct from other known splenic anomalies. The presence of splenic fissures in bilobed spleens can serve as a guide for surgeons during conservatory splenectomy procedures.
Keywords: Anatomic Variation; Spleen; Anatomy and Histology; Abnormalities; Congenital Abnormalities; Splenectomy; India.
Percutaneous Closure of Ventricular Septal Defects in 116 Patients
Authors: Al Senaidi Khalfan S. , Al Maskary Salim , Thomas Eapen , Dimitrov Boris , Al Farqani Abdullah 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to review the experience with percutaneous closure of ventricular septal defects (VSDs) at the National Heart Center (NHC) in Muscat, Oman. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from November 2008 to December 2017. Patients’ electronic medical records were reviewed to identify their clinical, imaging and interventional data before and after the procedure and on the last followup. Results: A total of 116 patients, the majority of which were female (58%), underwent 118 percutaneous procedures for VSD closure at a median age of 3.54 years (range: 0.25–33 years) and a median weight of 12 kg (range: 3.5–78 kg). The mean diameter of the VSDs as determined by transoesophageal echocardiogram was 5.6 ± 1.9 mm (n = 105). The commonest type of VSD was perimembranous (n = 75, 63.5%). Devices were successfully placed during 111 (94.1%) procedures in 109 (94.0%) patients, with the commonest device being a Amplatzer™ duct occluder I (St. Jude Medical, Little Canada, Minnesota, USA; n = 39, 35.1%). There was no mortality. Early major cardiac complications occurred in six patients (5.5%) with device embolisation being the commonest (n = 4, 3.7%). The median follow-up period was 19 months (range: 1–84 months) in 89 (81.7%) of the patients. One patient (0.9%) required a permanent pacemaker for a complete heart block. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated a good rate of VSD closure with low morbidity and no mortality using the percutaneous approach with different devices. Long-term follow-up is needed to specifically evaluate the function of adjacent structures and the long-term effects on conduction systems.
Keywords: Ventricular Septal Defect; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Amplatzer Occluder Device; Vascular Closure Device; Heart Block; Oman.
Understanding the Perceptions of Omani Women Regarding Life After a Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Al-Riyami Asya , Abdulhadi Nadia N. , Al-Azri Mohammed 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: There is a rising burden of breast cancer (BC) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), and its sociopsychological impact is a quickly growing health concern in this region. Because understanding cancer patients’ perceptions of life is integral to their treatment, they are also a concern for healthcare providers. This qualitative study, therefore, explored changes in Omani women’s perceptions of life after a BC diagnosis. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted individually with 21 Omani women undergoing treatment for BC at the Oncology Ward of Muscat’s Royal Hospital from March to May 2017. The collected data were subjected to qualitative content analysis. Results: After their cancer diagnosis, the women appeared to pass through three main stages in their coping processes. First, they passed through a stage of severe psychosocial distress and diminishment in personal identity. Next, they evolved strategies for coping based on cultural, religious and family resources. Finally, the women experienced acceptance and submission to the reality of the cancer as God’s will with changes in attitudes and perceptions of the meaning of life. Conclusion: A BC diagnosis impacts Omani women severely, affecting their lives dramatically. They adopt coping strategies based on cultural, religious and spiritual beliefs. Healthcare providers need to acknowledge and facilitate women’s spiritual and cultural coping strategies as an integral part of their treatment which holds potential to improve their prognosis. Such strategies should be individualised to suit each woman’s experiences, perceptions and needs.
Keywords: Breast Neoplasm; Culture; Perceptions; Life; Women; Oman.
Unplanned Reoperation Following Gynaecological Surgeries
Authors: Abu Mahfouz Ismaiel , Abu Shabab Ibtehal , Abu Saleem Heba , Abu Mahfouz Salem , Shehab Qasem , Asali Fida 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Unplanned return to the operating theatre refers to an unplanned reoperation following a primary surgical procedure and can result in serious complications. The rate of unplanned reoperations is often used as a measure of in-hospital quality monitoring and improvement. This study aimed to review the prevalence rate and features of unplanned gynaecological reoperations at a major general hospital in Jordan. Methods: This retrospective study took place between January 2011 and January 2018 at The Specialty Hospital in Amman, Jordan. The medical records of all women who underwent unplanned reoperations following a primary gynaecological procedure during this period were reviewed. Results: A total of 4,895 primary gynaecological procedures were performed during the study period, of which 4,175 (85.3%) were elective and 720 (14.7%) were emergency operations. There were 15 unplanned reoperations (0.3%); of these, 14 (93.3%) followed elective procedures and one (6.7%) followed an emergency surgery. Most reoperations were performed following hysterectomies (53.3%). Bleeding was the predominant reason for reoperation (93.3%), with the source of the bleeding successfully identified in 71.3% of cases. In terms of outcome, none of the cases required a subsequent reoperation and there were no mortalities. Conclusion: The rate of unplanned reoperation at a hospital in Jordan was 0.3%. Unplanned reoperations occurred primarily as a result of bleeding following hysterectomies. Development of care pathways may reduce surgical complications and rates of unplanned reoperation.
Keywords: Reoperation; Gynecology; Surgical Specialties; Intraoperative Complications; Hysterectomy; Clinical Audit; Jordan.
Use of Intracoronary Thrombolysis for Huge Thrombus Burden in an Ectatic Right Coronary Artery
Authors: Al-Lawati Hatim , AlHadi Hafidh , Nadar Sunil K. 
Published: January 2021

Managing a high intracoronary (IC) thrombus burden is a major challenge in patients with ectatic coronary arteries who present with an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We report a 45-year-old male patient who presented to the Department of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, in 2017 with an inferior STEMI. Coronary angiography revealed ectatic coronary arteries with an occluded right coronary artery (RCA). The RCA had a massive thrombus burden that did not resolve with aspiration thrombectomy or balloon angioplasty. Subsequently, IC thrombolysis was administered resulting in significant reperfusion. During the course of his treatment, the patient suffered from intracranial bleeding as a complication; however, he recovered completely with no residual neurological sequelae. This case report demonstrates that IC thrombolysis is a valid option in patients with a massive thrombus burden in the setting of a STEMI, albeit with an increased risk of major bleeding.
Keywords: Ectasia; Mechanical Thrombolysis; Myocardial Infarction; Case Report; Oman.
Right Atrial Diverticulum in an Adult Woman with Left Bundle Branch Block
Authors: Shakerian Behnam , Mandegar Mohammad H. 
Published: January 2021

Right atrial diverticulum is a very rare anomaly. It is an outpouching arising from the right atrial free wall. Clinical presentations vary widely but some cases are associated with supraventricular tachycardia and atrial flutter/fibrillation. The incidence/prevalence of this anomaly is not available because only a few cases have been reported. We report a 38-year-old female patient who presented to the Heart Clinic, Tehran, Iran in 2019 with a history of dyspnea and chest pain. Electrocardiography revealed left bundle branch block. Following a magnetic resonance imaging study, the patient was diagnosed with a right atrial diverticulum. She underwent surgical resection of the diverticulum. The post-operative course was uneventful and no recurrence of the arrhythmia was detected during the six months of follow-up. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this combination has not been described in the literature.
Keywords: Right Atrium; Diverticulum; Left Bundle Branch Block; Case Report; Iran.
Evidence-Based Approaches in Children with Hypothermia
Authors: MİSYAĞCI Nazlı Melis , HAYLI Çiğdem Müge 
Published: January 2021

The normal level of functioning of various metabolic processes in our body depends on normal body temperature. It is very important to maintain the patient's normal body temperature before, during, and after surgery to prevent possible complications. The occurrence of postoperative hypothermia is higher than hyperthermia. Pediatric hypothermia is a condition that needs to beprevented. Today, the use of various methods helps to prevent hypothermia; and guidelines exist for the prevention and management of hypothermia, supported by research that makes this process more reliable. With this mini-review, we aim to create a common multidisciplinary approach to prevent hypothermia. This study is about the current views addressing the maintenance of normal body temperature and discusses the risk factors predisposing to hypothermia and the goals of evidence-based hypothermia management in pediatric patients.
Tópicos e diversidade temática em Biblioteconomia e Ciência da Informação
Authors: Santos Gildenir Carolino Santos 
Published: January 2021

O novo cenário que estamos vivenciando tem nos chamado a repensar o papel da editoração científica como suporte educacional à universidade, pois, em uma sociedade organizada em torno das Tecnologias digitais e informacionais e comunicacionais, nunca esteve tão presentes neste momento de pandemia para que ela possa aprimorar e desenvolver recursos informacionais online das publicações para atender as necessidades editoriais da comunidade usuária interna e externa, visto que as bibliotecas universitárias estão cumprindo esse papel na sociedade conectada, pois são fundamentais para a produção do conhecimento científico. Desse novo panorama, damos início a este editorial comemorando e celebrando mais uma edição concluída da RDBCI como publicação contínua em 2020, vinculada ao Sistema de Bibliotecas de uma instituição pública e reconhecida mundialmente. É com este impacto que destacamos que no momento atual as bibliotecas universitárias, como sempre fizeram e continuam, estão colaborando e participando ativamente da construção de textos e auxiliando para o crescimento da editoração científica e aumento da produção científica neste momento tão diferenciado.
BIOSINTESIS NANOPARTIKEL EMAS MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN JAMBU BOL PUTIH
Authors: GM Astri Wiyani , Putri Suriati Eka , Syahrir Muhammad 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui volume bioreduktor yang sesuai untuk pembentukan nanopartikel emas serta mengetahui karakteristik nanopartikel emas yang dihasilkan. Larutan HAuCl4 25 ppm direduksi menggunakan ekstrak etanol daun jambu bol putih dengan metode microwave dan tanpa microwave selama 120 detik pada suhu 80o C. Penentuan waktu reaksi optimum menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada beragam variasi waktu dimana ekstrak daun jambu bol putih mereduksi Au menjadi Auo. Karakterisasi nanopartikel emas menggunakan instrumen scanning electron microscope dan X-Ray Difraction. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa volume optimum untuk pembentukan AuNP adalah pada volume 0,75 mL karena memiliki absorbansi dan tingkat kestabilan yang tinggi. Morfologi Nanopartikel yang dihasilkan tidak seragam, beragregasi, berbentuk kubik (FCC) dan ukuran yang dihasilkan rata-rata 17,13 nm.
UJI KUALITATIF FLAVONOID, ALKALOID, TANIN PADA KOMBINASI KUNYIT (CURCUMA LONGA) COKLAT (THEOBROMA CACAO L)
Authors: Khanifah Farach , Puspitasari Evi , S Awwaludin 
Published: January 2021

Kunyit merupakan tanaman yang memiliki aktivitas biologi salah satunya dapat berfungsi sebagai antibakteri, antiinflamasi dan antidepresan. Coklat masuk ke Indonesia pada zaman Belanda dan menjadi minuman yang digemari oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Senyawa yang terkandung dalam coklat seperti flavonoid, epitaken, katekin, kafein dll. Manfaat coklat sebagai antioksidan, antidepresi dll. Beberapa penelitian melaporkan bahwa senyawa metabolit skunder yang sering dijadikan sebagai indikator aktivitas biologi tanaman adalah flavonoid, alkaloid dan tanin. Pada penelitian menggunakan rimpang kunyit yang berusia 9 bulan dan biji coklat (kakao) yang telah di panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk uji kualitatif flavonoid, alkaloid dan tanin dari kunyit, coklat dan kombinasi kunyit coklat (1:1). Kunyit dan coklat tersebut di maserasi dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Sampel yang di ekstraksi dengan perbandingan 1:10 , serbuk halus kunyit sebanyak 1000 gram dan didapatkan Ekstrak kental etanol 52,9% serbuk halus biji coklat sebanyak 1000 gram dan didapatkan 38,7% ekstrak kental etanol. Hasil uji kualitatif ekstrak etanol Coklat mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid dan tanin. Ekstrak etanol Kunyit positif mengandung senyawa flavonoid, tanin dan tidak mengandung senyawa alkaloid. kombinasi coklat kunyit (1:1) positif flavonoid, tanin dan negatif alkaloid.
KEMAMPUAN MENGANALISIS STRUKTUR TEKS CERAMAH MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA YOUTUBE PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS XI IPS 1
Authors: Aprianty Desi , Effendi Rustam , Hermawan Sainul 
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kemampuan menganalisis struktur teks ceramah menggunakan media youtube pada peserta didik kelas XI IPS 1. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dan jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif. Penelitian ini berupa hasil kerja peserta didik menjawab soal stuktur teks dengan pokok bahasan teks ceramah. Penelitian ini diambil di kelas XI IPS 1 SMAN 4 Banjarmasin. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan tes. Kemudian langsung dianalisis dengan teknik analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil kemampuan menganalisis struktur teks ceramah peserta didik menunjukkan bahwa nilai mean yang didapat adalah 82,1 berada dalam kategori tinggi. Pada aspek pokok bahasan setiap paragraf, nilai mean yang didapat adalah 78,1 berada dalam kategori cukup. Pada aspek menyusun struktur teks ceramah, nilai mean yang didapat adalah 78,0 berada dalam kategori cukup.