bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Significance of Heat Responsive Long Noncoding RNAs in Rice Discovered by Integrating Expression, Network and Genetic Analyses
Authors: zhang zhengfeng , Zhong Huahua , Nan Bo , Xiao Benze 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital roles in plant responses to environments. However, the systematic identification of lncRNAs in rice under heat stress remains to be fully performed. We performed steady-state strand-specific RNA-seq for rice seedlings under heat stress to predict lncRNAs. In total, 2743 lncRNAs were predicted, and their expression profiles in response to heat treatments were provided. We identified 231 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) in their steady-state level under heat stress, including 31 DELs common to both varieties and 103 and 97 specific to ZS97B and SYD2, respectively, all defined as heat-responsive lncRNAs (HRLs). The target-coding genes of HRLs were predicted through cis-action, ceRNAs, precursors of miRNA, antisense modes and other trans-action targets. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of HRL targets revealed functions in which HRLs were involved. The interaction network between HRLs, target genes and relevant miRNAs was constructed. The HRLs and their targets were integrated with publicly available QTLs for rice seedling growth under heat stimulus, and 10 HRLs and 12 target genes were co-localized with 5 heat-relevant QTLs. Sequence motif analysis found a few significant motifs enriched in 231 HRL sequences, and the differential significance of enriched motifs between HRLs and background sequences was tested. Our findings provide new insights into the characterization of lncRNAs in terms of the heat response and resources for further investigations of plant heat tolerance improvement.
High-Performance and Energy-Efficient Fault Tolerance FPGA-to-FPGA Communication
Authors: Reddy Naresh Kumar , Cherukuru Swamy , Vani Veena , Reddy Vishal 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
These days, due to the increasing demand for high speed and parallel computation, several real world applications and systems include multiple FPGAs in them. Due to this, FPGAs often need to communicate among them. So, communication between the FPGAs is one of the key factors that determines the accuracy, performance and correctness of the entire multiple FPGAs systems or applications. This paper presents the design of an efficient multi-bit fault tolerant communication system for FPGA-to-FPGA communication. The proposed design is synthesized and also simulated through Vivado design suit 2018.3 and was communicated with two Kintex-7 FPGA boards. When compared with the existing FPGA-to-FPGA communication and inter FPGA communication designs, the proposed design have higher performance, error detection and correction capability.
Unresected Small Lymph Nodes Assessment Predict Prognosis For Patients With pT3N0M0 Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Yi , Xiao Ping , Yang Ningjing , Wang Xiang , Ma Ke , Wu Lei , Zhang Wei , Zhuang Xiang , Xie Tianpeng , Fang Qiang , Lan Mei , Wang Qifeng , Peng Lin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The role of unresected small lymph nodes (LNs) which may contain metastases for thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (TESCC) has not been addressed. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of unresected small LNs assessment using computed tomography (CT) in prognostic estimates of pT3N0M0 TESCC patients.Methods: Between January 2009 and December 2017, 294 patients who underwent esophagectomy with R0 resection at Sichuan Cancer Hospital were retrospectively examined, and the last follow-up time was July 2018. Patients were classified into CT-suspect and CT-negative groups according to the shortest diameter and the shape (axial ratio) of the unresected small LNs on preoperative CT. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to compare survival differences in prognostic factors. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors for survival and recurrence. Results: Eighty-four patients (42.5%) were classified as CT-suspect group according to the diagnostic criteria, survival analysis suggested that CT-suspect group of patients had a relatively poorer prognosis (P<0.05). Cox regression analysis indicated that unresected small LNs status, tumor grade, and postoperative adjuvant therapy were independent prognostic factors for patients with pT3N0M0 TESCC (P<0.05). Further analysis shown the rates of total recurrence (TR) and locoregional recurrence (LR) in the CT-suspect group were significantly higher than that in the CT-negative group (TR: P<0.000; LR: P<0.000). Among the LRs, the rate of supraclavicular lymph node recurrence in the CT-suspect group was significantly higher than that in the CT-negative group (P<0.000).Conclusions: Unresected small lymph nodes assessment is critically important and predict prognosis for pT3N0M0 TESCC patients.
Constitutive Overexpressing At.TC Improves Drought-mediated Oxidative Tolerance in Transgenic Brassica Napus L.
Authors: Sobhanverdi Sajjad , Majidi Atefeh , Abbasi Alireza , Mollabashi Zahra Asghari , Sabokdast Manijeh , Bayat Hamid , Niaraki Mina Sadeghi 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Environmental stresses are the most important factors limiting crops production in worldwide. Tocopherol, belonging to family of vitamin E compounds, is an amphipathic antioxidants involved in oxidative responses. In the current study, we generated transgenic canola plants overexpressing Arabidopsis VTE1 gene (At.TC) through Agrobacterium tumefaciens system. Methods and results: The putative transgenic plants were successfully regenerated and acclimated in greenhouse conditions. The transcriptional activity of the At.TC gene was evaluated by RT-PCR. In addition, the relative gene expression analysis by qRT-PCR confirmed an increased expression pattern of the transformed gene in canola transgenic lines, with the highest level in R. Line1. Given the results, the transgenic plants, particularly H. Line1 and R. Line2 showed a lower lipid peroxidation compared to WTs under FC 30%. Moreover, two ROS scavenging enzymes including CAT and PPO were up-regulated in transgenic lines; however, no significant pattern was observed for Ascorbate Peroxidase. Also, the amount of leaf tocopherol was significantly more in all T1 lines under drought stress (FC 30%). Conclusion: Taken together, here we successfully developed transgenic lines overexpressing At.TC gene constituently throughout the plant. The results confirmed that the generated transgenic plants are resistant to drought stress, thereby paving the way toward introducing canola plants to deal with the climate change and water shortage.
Airborne Environmental DNA Metabarcoding Detects More Diversity, More Efficiently, Than a Traditional Plant Community Survey
Authors: Johnson Mark , Cox Robert D , Fokar Mohamed , Barnes Matthew A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAirborne environmental DNA (eDNA) research is an emerging field that focuses on the detection of species from their genetic remnants in the air. The study of airborne eDNA of plants has until now focused on single species detection, with no previous studies examining the entire plant community through metabarcoding. We therefore conducted airborne eDNA metabarcoding and compared the results to a traditional plant community survey.ResultsOver the course of a year, we conducted two traditional transect-based visual plant surveys alongside a yearlong airborne eDNA sampling campaign on a short-grass rangeland. We found that airborne eDNA detected more species than the traditional surveying method, although the types of species detected varied based on the method used. Airborne eDNA detected more grasses and forbs with less showy flowers, while the traditional method detected fewer grasses but also detected rarer forbs with large showy flowers. Additionally, we found the airborne eDNA method to be more efficient in terms of the time required to conduct a survey and able to detect more invasive species than traditional methods.ConclusionsOverall, we have demonstrated for the first time that airborne eDNA can act as a sensitive and efficient plant community surveying method. Airborne eDNA surveillance has the potential to revolutionize the way plant communities are monitored in general, track changes in plant communities due to climate change and disturbances, and assist with the monitoring of invasive and endangered species.
Resistance Exercise Induces Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression to Promote Macrophage Polarization and Accelerate Catheter-related Thrombolysis and Recanalization in Rats
Authors: Wei Jiani , Zhao Huihan , Jiang Qingjuan , Wen Cui , Huang Xinxin , Ling Ying , Ying Yanping 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
IntroductionCatheter-related thrombosis (CRT) is a major complication of central venous catheters. Resistance exercise to prevent CRT formation has been demonstrated, but there are few studies of CRT dissolution and recanalization. In this study, we focused on resistance exercise, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and macrophage polarization to investigate the mechanism of resistance exercise accelerating thrombolysis and recanalization, providing a theoretical basis for resistance exercise adjuvant therapy of CRT.MethodsA rat CRT model was established and Intervened with resistance exercise and injection of HO-1 agonist cobalt protoporphyrin (COPP) and the inhibitor tin protoporphyrin IX(SnPP).Thrombolysis and recanalization were observed by hematoxylin and eosin(H&E). Neovascularization was detected by immunohistochemical CD31 staining. The levels of HO-1, IL-6, and IL-10 in the rat sera were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relative expression levels of HO-1, Arg-1, HO-1, CD206, and CD80 mRNA were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The colocalization expression of HO-1 with CD206 and CD86 were detected by immunofluorescence.ResultsResistance exercise for 28 days could induce HO-1 expression, decrease IL-6 level, increase IL-10 level, increase Arg-1 and CD206 expression, decrease INOS and CD80 expression, and increase CD31 expression, and the co-localization expression of HO-1 and CD206 was significantly higher than that of HO-1 and CD86.ConclusionAfter 28 days of resistance exercise, mechanical stimulation can mediate the expression of HO-1 in macrophages, promote the polarization of M2 macrophages, exert the effects of anti-inflammation and promoting angiogenesis, and accelerate the dissolution and recanalization of CRT.
Regional Brain Tissue Changes in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Roy Bhaswati , Woo Marlyn S. , Vacas Susana , Eshaghian Patricia , Rao Adupa P. , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients present with a variety of symptoms, including mood and cognition deficits, in addition to classical respiratory, and autonomic issues. This suggests that brain injury, which can be examined with non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is a manifestation of this condition. However, brain tissue integrity in sites that regulate cognitive, autonomic, respiratory, and mood functions in CF patients is unclear. Our aim was to assess regional brain changes using high-resolution T1-weighted images based gray matter (GM) density and T2-relaxometry procedures in CF over control subjects. Methods: We acquired high-resolution T1-weighted images and proton-density (PD) and T2-weighted images from 5 CF and 15 control subjects using a 3.0-Tesla MRI. High-resolution T1-weighted images were partitioned to GM-tissue type, normalized to a common space, and smoothed. Using PD- and T2-weighted images, whole-brain T2-relaxation maps were calculated, normalized, and smoothed. The smoothed GM-density and T2-relaxation maps were compared voxel-by-voxel between groups using analysis of covariance (covariates, age and sex; SPM12, p<0.001). Results: Significantly increased GM-density, indicating tissues injury, emerged in multiple brain regions, including the cerebellum, hippocampus, amygdala, basal forebrain, insula, and frontal and prefrontal cortices. Various brain areas showed significantly reduced T2-relaxation values in CF subjects, indicating predominant acute tissue changes, in the cerebellum, cerebellar tonsil, prefrontal and frontal cortices, insula, and corpus callosum. Conclusions: Cystic fibrosis subjects show predominant acute tissue changes in areas that control mood, cognition, respiratory, and autonomic functions and suggests that tissue changes may contribute to symptoms resulting from ongoing hypoxia accompanying the condition.
Helicobacter Pylori Infection is Associated with an Increased Stress Ulcer Risk in Brainstem Hemorrhage Patients with Robot-Aided Stereotactic Hematoma Aspiration
Authors: Mao Xiang , Chen Guanggui , Ye Lei , Cheng Hongwei , Liu Baiyun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Whether H. pylori infection in brainstem hemorrhage patients is related to the occurrence of SU has not been reported. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between H. pylori infection and the occurrence of SU, and whether it is necessary to eradicate H. pylori infection during treatment. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in our patients in Neurocritical Care Unit (NICU), Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and Emergency Intensive Care Unit (EICU) between May, 2017-July, 2020. Patients were eligible for the study if they were admitted to a participating ICU for brainstem hemorrhage with gastrointestinal bleeding and with an ICU stay of at least 3 days. Patients were ineligible if their ICU stay was less than 72 hours, and patients with a previous history of gastric or duodenal ulcer were excluded from the study. All patients were performed with robot-aided stereotactic hematoma aspiration and gastric tube indwelling. Results: In the study, 65 patients were enrolled. Of these, 7 patients were excluded because their ICU stay lasted less than 72 hours or because they had previous history of gastric or duodenal ulcer. A further 5 patients were excluded because they required blood transfusion for bleeding on admission. Thus, 53 patients constituted the study group. Conclusions: This study showed brainstem hemorrhage patients infected by H. pylori were at increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding, suggesting that H. pylori has a major role in the pathogenesis of acute SU in brainstem hemorrhage patients.
Seed rain across fire-created edges in a Neotropical rainforest
Authors: Rocha Janaine Isabela da Silva , Menezes Gustavo Souza Cruz , Cazetta Eliana , Dodonov Pavel , Talora Daniela Custódio 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Human-induced wildfires are increasing in frequency in tropical forests, and their deleterious consequences for biodiversity include decreases in seed rain, which may be affected directly by fire or indirectly by the creation of edges between forest and non-forest environments. Understanding seed rain is key to assess the potential for natural regeneration in plant communities. We assessed the impact of fire and fire-created edges on seed rain species richness, abundance, size, weight, and dispersal syndromes in Atlantic Forest remnants in Bahia, Brazil. We assessed seed rain at monthly intervals for an entire year along seven 300 m-long transects placed perpendicular to the edge. We installed seed traps at the edge and at 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 150 m into the burnt area and into the forest from forest edge. We recorded a total of 9,050 seeds belonging to 250 morphospecies. We did not observe edge influence; however, we detected a lower abundance and proportion of animal-dispersed seeds in the burnt than in the unburnt areas. The seed abundance in the burnt areas was lower and seeds were smaller and lighter than those in the unburnt area. Seed rain in the burnt area was not greater near to the forest than far from it. The abundance and richness of seed rain was positively correlated with tree density. Our findings highlight the lack of seed rain in burnt areas and differences in community composition between the burnt and unburnt areas. Collectively, these results indicate negative consequences on natural regeneration, which can lead to permanent secondarization and challenges for early regeneration of burnt areas, which will initially have impoverished forests due to low seed richness.
Typical Antipsychotics Increase Risk of Severe Exacerbation in Asthma Patients– A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Kuo Chin-Wei , Yang Szu-Chun , Shih Yu-Fen , Liao Xin-Min , Lin Sheng-Hsiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background:Severe asthma exacerbation reduces patients’ life quality, results in visits to the emergency department (ED) and hospitalization, and incurs additional medical costs. Antipsychotics block receptors with bronchodilation function; however, the effects of antipsychotics use on severe asthma exacerbation are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effects of antipsychotics on asthma-related ED visits and hospitalizations.Methods:This study used a case-crossover design. Using the 2003-2017 Taiwan National Health Insurance Reimbursement Database, we established a cohort of 18,657 adults with severe asthma exacerbation leading to ED visits or hospitalization. Univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regressions were conducted to explore the association of antipsychotics use with severe asthma exacerbation. Subgroup analyses of different classes, doses, receptor functions of antipsychotics and schizophrenia were also performed.Results:Antipsychotics use was associated with a higher risk of severe asthma exacerbation (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.27; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05-1.54; P = 0.013) compared with no use of antipsychotics. Use of typical antipsychotics increased the risk of severe asthma exacerbation (adjusted OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.10-1.79, P = 0.007), whereas use of atypical antipsychotics did not. There was a dose-dependent effect of antipsychotics (test for trend: P =0.025). Antipsychotics that block the M2 muscarinic or D2 dopaminergic receptor were associated with an increased risk of severe asthma exacerbation (adjusted OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.10-1.76, P = 0.007 and adjusted OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.08-1.63, P = 0.008, respectively).Conclusions: Use of typical antipsychotics is associated with a dose-dependent increased risk of severe asthma exacerbation. Physicians should thus weight the risk and benefit of prescribing high-dose typical antipsychotics for asthma patients.
Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Mothers of Children Aged 0-6 Months: Maternal Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Ethiopia
Authors: Eyasu Nahom , Hosseinzadeh Hassan , Tesfa Endrias 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Globally, less than 40% of infants under six months of age are exclusively breastfed. Researchers have established the prevalence, nature, and the degree of this problem; however, less is known about the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) among mothers of children aged 0-6 months in Ethiopia. This research addresses this knowledge gap by examining (a) the maternal KAP of breastfeeding and (b) the association between sociodemographic variables and KAP. Methods: This research draws on a sample of women (n = 415) from Finote-Selam town, derived using simple, systematic, and multistage sampling techniques. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and binary logistic regression. Results: Results show that the vulnerable groups, such as mothers being illiterate, low-income group, and lived in rural areas have encountered a double burden of death during delivery and having no knowledge of, positive attitudes, and practices of breastfeeding compared with other mothers of children aged 0-6 months because the respondents have differences in socio-economic characteristics and how they are under cultural influence. Furthermore, the results also affirmed that the age limit could also determine approaches and perceptions of mothers for the exclusive breastfeeding of mothers: mothers aged 25-34 and above 35 years old had good knowledge of and attitude towards breastfeeding, respectively. Furthermore, the poor practice of breastfeeding did not save any baseline variable, such as educational level, level of employment, and level of income. Conclusion: This study would allow policymakers, medical sociologists, and health extension practitioners to develop more effective all-rounded interventions to minimize the poor practice of EBF.
Building a Centre of Excellence in Data Management in East Africa
Authors: Agwang Betty , Manabe Yuka 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: In resource-limited settings, there is a paucity of high quality data management systems for clinical research. The result is that data are often managed in high-income countries disadvantaging researchers at sites where the data are collected. An institutional data management system to address the data collection concerns of the collaborators and sponsors is a key institutional capacity element for high quality research. Our goal was to build a local data management center to streamline data collection and validation compliant with international regulatory bodies. Methods: Leveraging established collaborations between Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology of the National Institutes of Health and the John Hopkins University School of Medicine in the United States, the Infectious Diseases Institute at Makerere University built a data management coordinating center. This included mentorship from the NIAID International Centers for Excellence in Research and training of key personnel in South Africa at a functioning data center. The number of studies, case report forms processed and the number of publications emanating from studies using the data management unit since its inception were tabulated. Results: The Infectious Diseases Institute data management core began processing data in 2009 with 3 personnel, hardware (network-enabled scanners, desktops, server held in Bethesda with nightly back up) and software licenses, in addition to on-site support from the NIH. In the last 10 years, 850,869 pages of data have been processed from 60 studies in Uganda, across sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and South America. Real-time data cleaning and data analysis occur routinely and enhance clinical research quality; a total of 212 publications from IDI investigators have been published over the past 10 years. Apart from the server back-up services provided by the NIH, the center is now self-sustaining from fees charged to individual studies. Conclusion: Collaborative partnership among research institutions enabled the IDI to build a core data management and coordination center to support clinical studies, build institutional research capacity, and to advance data quality and integrity for the investigators and sponsors.