bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Disruptions during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Other Disasters: A Scoping Review Addressing Dual Public Health Emergencies
Authors: Henderson Rita , McInnes Ashley , Mackey Leslee , Head Myles Bruised , Crowshoe Lynden (Lindsay) , Hann Jessica , Hayward Jake , Holroyd Brian , Lang Eddy , Larson Bonnie , Leonard Ashley Jane , Persaud Steven , Raghavji Khalil , Sarin Chris , Virani Hakique , Wadsworth Iskotoahka (William) , Whitman Stacey , McLane Patrick 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: During public health emergencies, disruptions to social landscapes and amplification of inequities for people with opioid use disorder raise important questions about reducing harms and providing treatment accountability to support this population during disasters including COVID-19. This research aims to a) identify how disasters impact persons with opioid use disorder (OUD) and their access to healthcare, with specific attention to COVID-19, and b) inform ongoing responses to the pandemic and future disaster-mitigation plans related to healthcare disruptions affecting persons with opioid use disorder (PWOUD). Methods: We conducted knowledge synthesis based on a 6-stage scoping review framework methodology. Stakeholder consultation was completed using a Nominal Group Technique with two groups, each composed of including providers in primary, emergency and community-based care. One group (n=7) represented voices from urban services, and the other (n=4) Indigenous contexts allowing for attention to healing the whole person, beyond OAT. Results: 61 scientific journal articles and 72 grey literature resources were included after full-text screening. Stakeholder NGT process revealed three contextual factors affecting system and service accountability for responsive OUD care during disaster-driven disruptions: (1) disasters focus attention on single risks and generalized solutions; (2) data-poor decision-making perpetuates stigma and produces policy inattentive to social determinants of health; and (3) harm reduction and contextually-tailored care prepare a system for future disasters. Conclusion: COVID-19 public health efforts require a coordinated systemic approach to serving PWOUD, based on accountability to patients and support for providers.
3D Sub-Nanometer Analysis of Glucose in an Aqueous Solution by Cryo-Atom Probe Tomography
Authors: Schwarz Tim , Dietrich Carolin , Ott Jonas , Weikum Eric , Lawitzki Robert , Solodenko Helena , Hadjixenophontos Efi , Gault Baptiste , Kästner Johannes , Schmitz Guido , Stender Patrick 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Atom Probe Tomography (APT) is currently a well-established technique to analyse the composition of solid materials including metals, semiconductors and ceramics with up to near-atomic resolution. Using an aqueous glucose solution, we now extended the technique to frozen solutions. While the mass signals of the common glucose fragments CxHy and CxOyHz overlap with (H2O)nH from water, we achieved stoichiometrically correct values via signal deconvolution. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to investigate the stability of the detected pyranose fragments. This paper demonstrates APT’s capabilities to achieve sub-nanometre resolution in tracing whole glucose molecules in a frozen solution by using cryogenic workflows. We use a solution of defined concentration to investigate the chemical and spatial resolution capabilities as a step toward the measurement of biological molecules in solution in 3D with sub-nanometre resolution by using cryo-APT. Our analyses take analytical techniques to a new level, since chemical characterization methods for cryogenically-frozen solutions or biological materials are limited.
The Incidence, Risk Factors, Predictors, and Prognoses of Cytomegalovirus Reactivation in Immunocompetent Mechanical Ventilation Patients: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Zhang Zhihui , Liu Xuesong , Sang Ling , Chen Sibei , Wu Zhan , Zhang Jierong , Sun Yining , Xu Yonghao , He Weiqun , Li Yimin , Liu Xiaoqing 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation can seriously affect the clinical prognoses of critically ill patients. However, the epidemiology and predictors of CMV in immunocompetent patients with mechanical ventilation are not very clear. Methods: A single-center, prospective observational study (conducted from June 30, 2017 to July 01, 2018) with a follow-up of 90 days (September 29, 2018) that included 71 CMV-seropositive immunocompetent patients with mechanical ventilation at a 37-bed university hospital general intensive care unit (ICU) in China. Routine detection of CMV DNAemia was performed once a week until 28 days (Day1, 7, 14, 21, 28) and serology, laboratory findings, and clinical data were obtained at admission.Results: Among 71 patients, 13 (18.3%) showed CMV reactivation within ICU 28-day admission. The median time to reactivation was 7 days. CMV reactivation was related to various factors, including body weight, body mass index (BMI), sepsis, NT-proBNP, BUN, and Hb levels (P< 0.05). In the multivariate regression model, BMI, Hb level, and sepsis were associated with CMV reactivation patients (P< 0.05). Moreover, the area under the curve (AUC) of BMI, Hb and BMI combined Hb was 0.69, 0.70, 0.76, respectively. The rate of complications, duration of mechanical ventilation, hospitalization expense, length of ICU stay, and 90-day all-cause mortality rate in patients with CMV reactivation was significantly higher than in those without CMV reactivation (P< 0.05).Conclusions: Among immunocompetent patients with mechanical ventilation, the incidence of CMV reactivation was high. CMV reactivation can lead to various adverse prognoses. BMI, Hb, and sepsis were independent risk factors for CMV reactivation. BMI and Hb may predict CMV reactivation.
Cryopreservation of Iranian Markhoz Goat Fibroblast Cells as an Endangered National Genetic Resource
Authors: Gorji Zahra Elyasi , Farzaneh Parvaneh , Nasimian Ahmad , Ganjibakhsh Meysam , Izadpanah Mehrnaz , Farghadan Maryam , Vakhshiteh Faezeh , Rahmati Hedieh , Fazeli Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh , Khaledi Hamidreza , Amoli Abdolreza Daneshvar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The sustainable use of local animals is being eroded annually. Thus, a strategic vision for the conservation of biodiversity is of far-reaching emphasis to deal with unprecedented challenges in the local population growth process facing in the future. This study aimed to establish, characterize and cryopreserve endangered Markhoz goat (Capra hircus) fibroblast cell lines in vitro. These primary fibroblast cells were isolated from 58 Iranian Markhoz goats and individually cultured by explant technique in DMEM media supplemented with 10 % FBS. The cultured cell lines were morphologically consistent with fibroblast cells. The population doubling time for DMEM-cultured cells were 23±0.5 h. Chromosomal analysis indicated a total chromosome number of 2n = 60 with >95% frequency. Experimental assays for bacteria, fungi, yeast, and mycoplasma were reported negative. The efficiencies of VSV-G (pMDG) and lentiviral pCSGW vectors encoding fluorescent proteins showed an approximate value of 65%. Species identification for each sample was performed and confirmed correct goat cell banking without any miss- and cross-contamination. This study demonstrated the successful establishment of genetically stable fibroblast bank as a valuable genetic resource for endangered Iranian Markhoz goat breed.
Air-stable and visible-light-active p-type organic long-persistent-luminescence system by using organic photoredox catalyst
Authors: Jinnai Kazuya , Kabe Ryota , Lin Zesen , Adachi Chihaya 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Organic long-persistent-luminescent (OLPL) materials that exhibit hour-long photoluminescence have advantages over inorganic materials, such as a sustainability, flexibility, and processability. The OLPL materials store the absorbed energy in an intermediate charge-separated state, but this charge-separated state is unstable to oxygen and does not exhibit persistent luminescence in air. The excitation wavelength of OLPL can be controlled by electron-donor and -acceptor materials, but previous materials require absorption mainly in the ultraviolet region. Here, we show OLPL systems that exhibit a persistent luminescence in air and can be excited by a wavelength from 300-nm to 600-nm. By using cationic photoredox catalysts as an electron-accepting dopant, stable charge-separated states are generated by the hole-diffusion process, as opposed to previous OLPL systems that depend on electron diffusion. By using a hole-diffusion mechanism and reducing the energy level of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, the OLPL system becomes stable in air and can be excited by visible light. The addition of hole-trapping material increases the LPL duration.
Mortality Risk Factors Among Hospitalized&nbsp;Children with Severe Pertussis.
Authors: Shi Tingting , Wang Ling , Du Shuling , Fan Huifeng , Yu Minhua , Ding Tao , Xu Xuehua , Zhang Dongwei , Huang Li , lu gen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Some children hospitalized for severe pertussis infection require intensive care; moreover, some children die because of disease deterioration alone or in combination with other complications. The purpose of this study was to identify mortality risk factors among hospitalized children with severe pertussis.Methods: This study evaluated the medical records of 144 hospitalized children with severepertussis at the Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center between January 2016 and December 2019.Results: The median age of patients was 2 months (IQR, 1–4 months), with 90.1% of the patients aged <6 months and 56.9% of the patients aged <3 months. A total of 13 patients died, and the mortality of severe pertussis was 34.2%, with patients younger than 6 weeks accounting for 76.9% of the deaths. On multivariate analysis, the independent risk factors for death were WBC >70.0×109/L (odds ratio [OR], 230.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.16–10319.09 P = 0.005) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) (OR, 323.29; 95% CI, 16.01–6529.42; P<0.001).Conclusion: Severe pertussis mainly occurred in children aged <3 months. The mortality of severe pertussis was 34.2%, with patients younger than 6 weeks accounting for the majority of the deaths. We recommend the first dose of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) should be advanced to the age of 2 months or even 6 weeks. The presence of a WBC >70.0×109/L and PH were the prognostic variables independently associated with death.
Nutritional inequalities among under-5 children: An analysis of cross-country and within-country hotspots and cold spots in the developing world
Authors: Amir-ud-Din Rafi , Fawad Sakina , Naz Lubna 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Undernutrition of under-five children is a severe public health issue of the developing world. Around 45% of deaths among children under five years are linked to undernutrition. According to 2019 global estimates, 21% of under-five children were stunted, 7% were wasted, and 13% were underweight in 2019. However, there are wide disparities in the distribution of undernutrition within countries and across countries. As an illustration, 38% of under-five children in Pakistan are stunted. However, the stunting rate in Islamabad Capital Territory is 24% but 52% in FATA, according to Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data. Such disparities in undernutrition may reflect policy failures or the genetic vulnerabilities of population subgroups. To the best of our knowledge, very few studies have analyzed the geography of the undernutrition inequalities among under-five children. We analyzed the geographical patterns in child undernutrition in developing countries. First, we mapped the prevalence of undernutrition in the developing world. Secondly, using the LISA (local indicator of spatial association) technique, we analyzed the geographical patterns in the distribution of undernutrition to highlight the localized hotspots (regions with high undernutrition prevalence surrounded by similar other regions), cold spots (regions with low undernutrition prevalence surrounded by similar other regions), and outliers (regions with high undernutrition surrounded by low undernutrition and vice versa showing inequalities in the distribution in undernutrition). Additionally, we used Moran’s I to find global patterns in malnutrition.We used data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data from 73 developing countries for our study.The Global Moran’s I and LISA techniques used to estimate the global and within-country malnutrition patterns, respectively, confirm significant spatial clustering of malnutrition among under-five children. South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa are global hotspots of child malnutrition, and Latin America and the Caribbean, and Europe and Central Asia are global cold spots of child malnutrition. There are few outliers: areas of low child malnutrition surrounded by high malnutrition and vice versa. One important policy implication of this study is that it will help identify the areas with i) high undernutrition and ii) high nutritional inequalities and help targeted health interventions in the geographical areas with a high need population.
First morphological and molecular identification of third-stage larvae of Anisakis typica (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from marine fishes in Vietnamese water
Authors: Van Hien Hoang , Thi Dung Bui , Ngo Ha Duy , Doanh Pham Ngoc 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Anisakid nematodes are parasites of cetaceans, their larval stages live in marine fishes. The third-stage larvae of some Anisakis species are also the etiological agents of human anisakiasis caused by consumption of raw or undercooked infected fish. Thus, identification of Anisakis larvae at the species level is crucial for their ecology and epidemiology. In Vietnam, although Anisakis larvae have been reported, they have not been identified to the species level. The aim of this study was, therefore, to identify third-stage larvae of Anisakis collected from marine fishes in Vietnamese water, based on morphological characteristics and molecular analysis. All Anisakis larvae found in this study were morphologically similar to each other and identical to Anisakis typica. In addition, molecular analysis based on ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequences confirmed them as A. typica. Vietnamese A. typica population was genetically close to those from Asian countries and Australia. The third-stage larvae of A. typica were collected from eight fish species from three localities in the South of Vietnam. Among them, seven were recorded as new intermediate hosts of A. typica. This is the first identification of A. typica larvae in Vietnamese water with records of new fish hosts.
Demographic problems of the village: causes and consequences (on the example of the Chuvash Republic)
Authors: Васильева О.Г. , Пучкова Л.М. 
Published: February 2021

Произведен анализ демографической ситуации в Чувашской Республике в разрезе городского и сельского населения. На основе изучения основных тенденций последних лет выделены угрозы, потенциально способные углубить состояние депрессии, в которой находится демография. Обозначены признаки критического уровня угроз на селе.
The analysis of the demographic situation in the Chuvash Republic in the context of the urban and rural population is carried out. Based on the study of the main trends of recent years, the authors have identified threats that potentially can deepen the state of depression in which the demography is located. Signs of a critical level of threats in the countryside are indicated
Trends and problems of retail Bank lending in modern conditions on the example of «Sberbank of Russia»
Authors: Мандрон В.В. , Ефименко А.Ю. , Свиридов Д.Г. 
Published: February 2021

Эффективное развитие механизмов кредитования физических лиц оказывает положительное влияние не только на рынок недвижимости, автомобильную промышленность, потребительский рынок, но и на темпы развития банковской системы, что значительно влияет на рост национальной экономики и улучшает качество жизни населения РФ. Исследование посвящено ключевым тенденциям и проблемам функционирования рынка розничного кредитования в современных условиях. Определены главные проблемы, которые оказывают существенное влияние на организацию рынка розничного кредитования, его объемы и качество.
Проведен анализ данных отражающих состояние рынка розничного кредитования на современном этапе. На состояние данного сегмента кредитного рынка оказывает влияние как общее экономическое состояние государства, курс денежно-кредитной политики Банка России, уровень реальных доходов населения, а также форс-мажорные ситуации.
В статье дается оценка объема, состава и структуры кредитного портфеля одного из крупнейших финансово-кредитных институтов страны – ПАО «Сбербанк России». Особое внимание уделено кредитованию физических лиц в разрезе отдельных форм и видов кредитных инструментов, отражается связь состояния национальной экономики и качества кредитного портфеля банка.
Effective development of mechanisms for lending to individuals has a positive impact not only on the real estate market, automotive industry, consumer market, but the pace of development of the banking system, which greatly affects the growth of the national economy and improves the quality of life of the Russian population. The research is devoted to the key trends and problems of functioning of the retail lending market in modern conditions. The main problems that have a significant impact on the organization of the retail lending market, its volume and quality are identified.
The analysis of data reflecting the state of the retail lending market at the present stage is carried out. The state of this segment of the credit market is influenced by the General economic state of the state, the rate of monetary policy of the Bank of Russia, the level of real income of the population, as well as force majeure situations.
The article provides an assessment of the volume, composition and structure of the loan portfolio of one of the largest financial and credit institutions in the country-PJSC Sberbank of Russia. Special attention is paid to lending to individuals in the context of individual forms and types of credit instruments, reflecting the relationship between the state of the national economy and the quality of the Bank's loan portfolio.
Modern features of accounting and taxation in budget organizations
Authors: Викулина Е.В. 
Published: February 2021

Современный бухгалтерский учет и налогообложение в бюджетных организациях подчинены действующему, систематически обновляемому законодательству и регламентированы в строгом порядке. Бюджетному учету присущи очевидная специфика и отраслевые особенности, но в целом его принципиальные положения и стандарты учета схожи с аналогичными параметрами в коммерческой среде.
В «сердце» учета бюджетных организаций находится специфическая бюджетная классификация, требуемая для соизмеримости бюджетных параметров по уровням единого бюджетного комплекса России. На основании такой классификации выработаны бухгалтерские счета в соответствующих учреждениях.
Modern accounting and taxation in budget organizations are subject to the current, regularly updated legislation and are regulated in a strict manner. Budget accounting has obvious specifics and industry-specific features, but in General its principles and accounting standards are similar to similar parameters in the commercial environment.
At the heart of accounting for budget organizations is a specific budget classification required for the comparability of budget parameters at the levels of the unified budget complex of Russia. Based on this classification, accounting accounts have been developed in the relevant institutions.
Clustering of regions and modeling of relationships between socio-economic indicators of crime against the interests of the service in commercial organizations
Authors: Дианов Д.В. , Васильев М.К. 
Published: February 2021

Научная статья посвящена возможностям применения статистического инструментария для комплексного анализа одного из негативных социально-экономических явлений, таких как преступность против интересов коммерческих организаций. Учёт специфики явления, факторов, определяющих его закономерности и тенденции, региональные особенности данного группы экономических преступлений предопределили сложность формирования массива исходных данных, так как рассматриваемые показатели должны максимально точно давать описание процесса посредством кластеризации регионов и эконометрических моделей, цель построения которых заключается в обеспечении ведомственного и регионального управления необходимой аналитической и информационной базой.
The scientific article is devoted to the possibilities of using statistical tools for a comprehensive analysis of one of the negative socio-economic phenomena, such as crime against the interests of commercial organizations. The specific phenomena, factors determining its patterns and trends, regional characteristics of this group of economic crimes, determined the complexity of forming the array of input data, as the indicators in question should most accurately describe the process through clustering of the regions and econometric models, the goal of building which is to ensure that departmental and regional management the necessary analytical and information base.
Application of steganography in the corporate environment
Authors: Хорев П.Б. , Сергеев А.В. 
Published: February 2021

В работе проанализированы основные виды учетных записей, возникающие при их использовании риски информационной безопасности; предложена модель использования стеганографии в качестве одного из метода внедрения системы учета действий привилегированных учетных записей и передачи собранной информации
In this article analyzes the main types of accounts, information security risks arising from their use, and suggests a model for using steganography as one of the methods for implementing a system for recording the actions of privileged accounts and transmitting the collected information.
Using Big Data technologies for real estate valuation
Authors: Царькова Н.И. , Конова О.С. 
Published: February 2021

Основная цель статьи – показать на практике возможности технологий Big Data и проанализировать ситуацию на рынке недвижимости. В качестве примера используются данные онлайн площадок по купле/продаже недвижимости, содержащие в себе порядка миллиона строк. Для исследования рынка была произведена качественная оценка сложившейся ситуации в России в 2020 году с учётом последних событий. Исходные данные были использованы для поверхностного анализа и предварительной оценки складывающейся стоимости недвижимости в городе по административным округам. Анализ проводился при помощи языка программирования Python. Полученные результаты исследования были визуализированы с использованием возможностей программных средств. Произведено сравнение результатов проведённого анализа для определения дальнейших целей исследовательской работы.
The main purpose of the article is to show in practice the capabilities of Big Data technologies and analyze the situation on the real estate market. As an example, we use data from online real estate purchase/sale sites that contain about a million lines. For market research, a qualitative assessment of the current situation in Russia in 2020 was made, taking into account recent events. The initial data were used for a superficial analysis and preliminary assessment of the emerging value of real estate in the city by administrative districts. The analysis was performed using the Python programming language. The results of the study were visualized using the capabilities of software tools. The results of the analysis are compared to determine the further goals of the research work.