bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring processes in Spanish, German and UK boards: a measurement framework of board know-how, board diversity and directors’ interactions interrelation
Authors: Bilbao-Calabuig Paloma , Fabra M. Eugenia , Osadnik Isabell 
Published: November 2021

PurposeSeveral empirical attempts have investigated boardroom processes and their impact on the governing team decision-making. Such attempts, however, have derived in inchoate results opening new methodological debates and leaving the underlying patterns of board processes obscure. This paper aims to shed light on these patterns by empirically examining the interrelation among the three central constructs involved in board decision-making: know-how, demographic diversity and directors’ social interactions.Design/methodology/approachA framework of interrelation among know-how, demographic diversity and social interactions was conceptually built and empirically validated with partial least squares structural equation modelling applied to archival data from a sample of 87 boards of directors of Spanish, German and UK listed companies.FindingsResults unmask the intricacies of behavioural processes involved in know-how-demography relation: demographic diversity contribution to know-how is totally and positively mediated by directors’ social interactions. This reveals the power of directors’ socialization frequency in determining processes and predicting know-how.Practical implicationsThe paper offers a new pathway to manage board know-how and to make board diversity effective. It also opens a door to an innovative empirical methodology to make board processes emerge, one that overcomes methodological limitations of previous efforts.Originality/valueThis is so far the only study that examines and measures holistically the structural interrelation among the three central constructs determining board decisions and performance: know-how, diversity and social interactions.
Study on biological control model of Empoasca onukii Matsuda ‐take tea garden ecology as an example
Authors: Sun Jiazhao , Zhang Lin , Li Zizhao , Zou Yunding , Bi Shoudong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe closeness of the spatial relationship between natural enemies and target pests directly affects the control effect of natural enemies on target pests. Therefore, we here use both geostatistics and cluster sample variance analysis methods to investigate the six kinds of natural enemies and pests in Huangshan large‐leaf tea garden at fall and winter of 2020. In this study, we firstly use the geostatistics method to calculate the geostatistical semivariogram variation range and then conduct the Grey correlation analysis on six main natural enemies of Empoasca onukii Matsuda. Our results indicate that the larger the correlation value is, the closer the natural enemy is to the target pest in space, and the top three natural enemies Clubiona japonicola, Oxyopes sertatus and Tetragnatha squamata are more closely related to Empoasca onukii Matsuda in space through the comprehensive judgment. Secondly, we use the cluster sample variance analysis method to calculate the basic sample square number and then perform the Grey correlation analysis on them. Our findings demonstrate that the top three natural enemies O. sertatus, T. squamata and Erigonidium graminicolum are more closely related to Empoasca onukii Matsuda in space via the comprehensive judgment. Remarkably, both O. sertatus and T. squamata have been revealed to be vital enemies of the Empoasca onukii Matsuda in tea garden. Overall, our study not only uncovers the spatial relationship between natural enemies and Empoasca onukii Matsuda, but also provides a scientific basis for further protecting and utilizing natural enemies to control pests in the tea garden.
Circulating microRNAs as indicators in the prediction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in luminal B breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Zhang Hanxu , Li Chao , Xiang Qian , Xu Ling , Liu Qianxin , Pang Xiaocong , Zhang Wenjia , Zhang Hong , Zhang Shuang , Duan Xuening , Liu Yinhua , Cui Yimin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPurposeCirculating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been indicated as predictive biomarker for the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and the prognosis of breast cancer (BC); however, to date the conclusions have been controversial. The biological characteristics of BC were affected by molecular subtypes. Hence, we aimed to investigate the predictive effect of miRNAs on NAC response in luminal B BC patients.MethodsThirty‐seven luminal B BC patient under NAC were prospectively enrolled in this study. Based on their clinical, pathological, and comprehensive response, the patients were defined as responder or non‐responders, respectively. Circulating miRNAs were isolated from blood samples before and at the middle of NAC, and candidate miRNAs (miR‐34a‐5p, miR‐125b‐5p, miR‐210, miR‐222, miR‐375, miR‐718, miR‐4516, and let‐7g) were analyzed by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, the association between miRNAs and disease‐free survival (DFS) was examined.ResultsmiR‐718, miR‐4516, miR‐210, and miR‐125b‐5p were found to be specific miRNAs associated with chemo‐sensitivity of luminal B HER2 negative patients (n = 24). In the luminal B HER2 positive cohort (n = 13), dynamics of miR‐222 and let‐7g correlated with pathological response. Treatment‐induced increase in miR‐34a‐5p in the responders except who reached pathologic complete response (pCR) was consistently identified across all luminal B patients and its two subgroups. Finally, after adjustments for Neo‐Bioscore, patients with increased levels of miR‐125b‐5p during NAC had a worse DFS than those with decreased levels (HR = 5.86, 95% CI = 1.39–24.62, p = 0.016).ConclusionSpecific circulating miRNAs were identified as predictive markers for NAC response and prognosis in luminal B BC. The underlying mechanism needs further studies.
Selective oxidative stress induces dual damage to telomeres and mitochondria in human T cells
Authors: Wang Ling , Lu Zeyuan , Zhao Juan , Schank Madison , Cao Dechao , Dang Xindi , Nguyen Lam Nhat , Nguyen Lam Ngoc Thao , Khanal Sushant , Zhang Jinyu , Wu Xiao Y. , El Gazzar Mohamed , Ning Shunbin , Moorman Jonathan P. , Yao Zhi Q. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOxidative stress caused by excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) accelerates telomere erosion and mitochondrial injury, leading to impaired cellular functions and cell death. Whether oxidative stress‐mediated telomere erosion induces mitochondrial injury, or vice versa, in human T cells—the major effectors of host adaptive immunity against infection and malignancy—is poorly understood due to the pleiotropic effects of ROS. Here we employed a novel chemoptogenetic tool that selectively produces a single oxygen (1O2) only at telomeres or mitochondria in Jurkat T cells. We found that targeted 1O2 production at telomeres triggered not only telomeric DNA damage but also mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in T cell apoptotic death. Conversely, targeted 1O2 formation at mitochondria induced not only mitochondrial injury but also telomeric DNA damage, leading to cellular crisis and apoptosis. Targeted oxidative stress at either telomeres or mitochondria increased ROS production, whereas blocking ROS formation during oxidative stress reversed the telomeric injury, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular apoptosis. Notably, the X‐ray repair cross‐complementing protein 1 (XRCC1) in the base excision repair (BER) pathway and multiple mitochondrial proteins in other cellular pathways were dysregulated by the targeted oxidative stress. By confining singlet 1O2 formation to a single organelle, this study suggests that oxidative stress induces dual injury in T cells via crosstalk between telomeres and mitochondria. Further identification of these oxidation pathways may offer a novel approach to preserve mitochondrial functions, protect telomere integrity, and maintain T cell survival, which can be exploited to combat various immune aging‐associated diseases.
Ultraviolet filter, fragrance and preservative allergens in New Zealand sunscreens
Authors: Roh Juhee , Cheng Harriet 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTBackground/ObjectivesAllergic contact dermatitis, photoallergic contact dermatitis and irritant reactions to sunscreens are common reasons for dermatology consultation. Patch testing for contact allergy relies on up‐to‐date knowledge of allergen exposures. The aim of this study was to investigate contact allergens and photoallergens in sunscreens commercially sold on the shelves of supermarkets and pharmacies in New Zealand.MethodsA comprehensive market data review of suppliers’ websites was performed from March to August 2019 to obtain a list of the commonly sold sunscreens in our region. Ingredients were collated and analysed according to International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients (INCI) names. Ultraviolet (UV) filters, preservatives and fragrances were included for analysis. Place of sale and cost of sunscreens were also recorded.ResultsNinety‐five sunscreens were analysed: 36% sold in supermarkets, 43% in pharmacies and the remainder available in both. The most frequent UV filters were butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (contained in 70% of products) followed by octocrylene (63%) and homosalate (50%). The common photoallergen benzophenone 3 was found in 19% of products. Phenoxyethanol was the most common preservative (68%) followed by disodium EDTA (30%) and propylparaben (26%). Two sunscreens contained methylisothiazolinone. Sixty‐one per cent contained at least one fragrance, the most frequent being limonene (17%) and linalool (13%). There was an average of 1.1 New Zealand baseline series allergens per product (range 0 to 6, standard deviation 1.27).ConclusionCommon allergens including those with high sensitising potential were frequently found in New Zealand sunscreen. Knowledge of ingredients used by manufacturers is useful in dermatological assessment of skin contact reactions.
Information needs of women undergoing gynaecological risk reduction surgery: Applying patient‐reported findings to improve service delivery
Authors: Jennings Bronwyn , Ramis Mary‐Anne , Kynoch Kathryn , Jagasia Nisha 
Published: November 2021

BackgroundWomen with genetic mutations including BRCA1, BRCA2 and Lynch syndrome are at increased risk of developing gynaecological cancers with management options including surveillance and/or risk reduction surgery. Little is known about the information women require to inform their decisions around having risk reduction surgery, the implication this surgery has for them and the timing preferences to receive this information.AimsTo identify the information needs of women who are considering or who have had risk reduction surgery due to having a diagnosed or suspected genetic mutation with subsequent increased risk of developing gynaecological cancer.Materials and MethodsA pilot survey was undertaken in a tertiary, metropolitan hospital as part of a service improvement project. Women referred to the gynaecology‐oncology service for gynaecological risk reduction surgery between January to December 2018 were invited to participate through completing either online or hard copy versions of a 12‐item survey.ResultsA response rate of 60% (n = 32) was obtained from women between 27 and 77 years of age. Key information topics included sexuality and intimacy (90.6%; n = 29), the surgery itself (87.5%; n = 28) and surgical menopause (87.5%; n = 28). Over 90% (n = 31) of respondents stated they preferred to receive information about surgery pre‐operatively and in written format (81.3%; n = 26). The importance of a multidisciplinary approach was recognised with women wanting information from allied health practitioners such as physiotherapists and social workers.ConclusionsFindings have enabled a better understanding of the type, timing and content of information desired by women making complex decisions about risk reduction surgery. Results have contributed to developing an information resource which will more adequately assist women to meet their information needs when considering gynaecological risk reduction surgery in our hospital.
Systematic review: the association between the gut microbiota and medical therapies in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Radhakrishnan Shiva T. , Alexander James L. , Mullish Benjamin H. , Gallagher Kate I. , Powell Nick , Hicks Lucy C. , Hart Ailsa L. , Li Jia V. , Marchesi Julian R. , Williams Horace R. T. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryBackgroundThe gut microbiota has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), with Faecalibacterium prausnitizii associated with protection, and certain genera (including Shigella and Escherichia) associated with adverse features. The variability of patient response to medical therapies in IBD is incompletely understood. Given the recognised contribution of the microbiota to treatment efficacy in other conditions, there may be interplay between the gut microbiota, IBD medical therapy and IBD phenotype.AimsTo evaluate the bidirectional relationship between IBD medical therapies and the gut microbiota.MethodsWe conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE and EMBASE. All original studies analysing interactions between the gut microbiota and established IBD medical therapies were included.ResultsWe screened 1296 records; 19 studies were eligible. There was heterogeneity in terms of sample analysis, treatment protocols, and outcome reporting. Increased baseline α‐diversity was observed in responders versus non‐responders treated with exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN), infliximab, ustekinumab or vedolizumab. Higher baseline Faecalibacterium predicted response to infliximab and ustekinumab. A post‐treatment increase in Faecalibacterium prausnitzii was noted in responders to aminosalicylates, anti‐TNF medications and ustekinumab; conversely, this species decreased in responders to EEN. Escherichia was a consistent marker of unfavourable drug response, and its presence in the gut mucosa correlated with inflammation in aminosalicylate‐treated patients.ConclusionsBoth gut microbiota diversity and specific taxonomic features (including high abundance of Faecalibacterium) are associated with the efficacy of a range of IBD therapies. These findings hold promise for a potential role for the gut microbiota in explaining the heterogeneity of patient response to IBD treatments.
Repair of a perineal hernia with a bladder patch after abdominoperineal resection: A case report and literature review
Authors: Kameyama Akira , Yoshifuku Seiziro , Sasahara Kotaro , Otagiri Noriaki , Miyamoto Masatake , Tauchi Katsunori 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPerineal hernia is the protrusion of the intra‐abdominal viscera through the pelvic floor. It rarely occurs after abdominoperineal resection but has increasingly occurred after surgical treatment for rectal cancer. A patient was diagnosed as having perineal hernia 10 days after laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection with preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. He presented with epigastric discomfort and perineal wound dehiscence. Perineal hernia was confirmed by computed tomography scan and treated with a semi‐emergency surgery. The surgical field was contaminated because of the perineal wound dehiscence. The levator muscle at the pelvic floor was not sufficient, so we used a bladder patch to cover the pelvic inlet. The surgery was performed without any adverse events. To our best knowledge, this is the first case report to present the usefulness of a bladder patch for the treatment of a perineal hernia using a laparoscopic transabdominal approach in emergency situations.
Iron fists and velvet gloves: Investigating the associations between the stringency of governments’ responses to COVID‐19, stress, and compliance in the early stages of the pandemic
Authors: Ćepulić Dominik‐Borna , Travaglino Giovanni A. , Chrona Stavroula , Uzelac Ena , Jeftić Alma , Reyna Cecilia , Kowal Marta 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTo tackle the spread of COVID‐19, governments worldwide have implemented restrictive public health behavioural measures. Whether and when these measures lead to positive or negative psychological outcomes is still debated. In this study, drawing on a large sample of individuals (Ntotal = 89,798) from 45 nations, we investigated whether the stringency of public health measures implemented at the outset of the COVID‐19 pandemic in March–May 2020 was associated with individuals’ levels of stress and compliance. Moreover, we addressed the question of how these associations may be moderated by the measures’ implementation lag, nations’ tolerance for unequal distributions of power (i.e., power distance), and individuals’ institutional trust. Linear mixed models suggested that slower implementation of less stringent measures was associated with higher stress and lower compliance. Also, rapid implementation of stricter measures was associated with a mild increase in stress. Such effects were especially pronounced in countries with less tolerance for inequality. Albeit significant, the moderating effect of institutional trust was very small. The results suggest that it may be important to consider the measures’ implementation lag when tackling the spread of COVID‐19, but findings should be interpreted in relation to the data collection period.
Developments in the field of allergy in 2020 through the eyes of Clinical and Experimental Allergy
Authors: Boyle Robert J. , Shamji Mohamed H. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWhile 2020 will be remembered for the global coronavirus pandemic, there were also important advances in the field of allergy. In this review article, we summarize key findings reported in Clinical and Experimental Allergy during 2020. We hope this provides readers with an accessible snapshot of the work published in our journal during this time.
COVID‐19 vaccine acceptability among people in Australia who inject drugs: Implications for vaccine rollout
Authors: Dietze Paul M. , Hall Cristal , Price Olivia , Stewart Ashleigh C. , Crawford Sione , Peacock Amy , Maher Lisa 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionVaccine acceptability is a key determinant of vaccination uptake. Despite being at risk of adverse outcomes from coronavirus‐19 disease (COVID‐19), COVID‐19 vaccine acceptability among people who inject drugs is unknown. We surveyed people who inject drugs in Melbourne, Australia to assess potential uptake of COVID‐19 vaccines prior to distribution.MethodsCross‐sectional study, comprising interviewer‐administered structured telephone interviews completed from 30 November to 22 December 2020 in Melbourne, Australia. Participants were people aged 18 years or older who injected drugs at least monthly in the past 6 months and had resided in Melbourne in the past 12 months recruited via needle‐syringe programs and word‐of‐mouth.MeasurementsCOVID‐19 hypothetical vaccine acceptability, participants' demographic, drug use and drug treatment characteristics.ResultsFifty‐eight percent (57/99) of the sample reported that they would definitely or probably be vaccinated for COVID‐19, with the remainder indicating that they would not (22%) or were undecided (20%). Among those who indicated that they would definitely or probably not be vaccinated or were undecided (n = 42), safety concerns were most often cited as a reason for not wanting to be vaccinated.Discussion and ConclusionsAlthough a majority of sampled people who inject drugs indicated that they would definitely or probably be vaccinated, efforts to reduce hesitancy and allay COVID‐19 vaccine safety concerns will be necessary to optimise vaccine uptake among this population.
Modern diabetes devices for continuous blood sugar measuring: Limitations due to contact allergies
Authors: Kamann Stefanie , Wagner Nicola , Oppel Eva 
Published: November 2021

SummaryDuring the past years, diabetes diseases have increased significantly worldwide. However, new technologies such as continuous glucose measurement using a subcutaneous sensor are developing just as rapidly. A continuous improvement in insulin pump therapy is also contributing to an improved quality of life.A common feature of these modern devices for diabetes therapy is that they remain fixed in place on the skin for several days. In recent years, skin reactions, in particular pronounced contact dermatitis due to the devices and their adhesives have been increasingly reported. In particular, isobornyl acrylate, which used to be included in a glucose measurement sensor set, was identified as a main allergen. Development of contact allergy can result both in a necessity to quit the measuring system and in allergic cross‐reactions to other systems.
Event‐related potentials evidence for long‐term audiovisual representations of phonemes in adults
Authors: Kaganovich Natalya , Christ Sharon 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe presence of long‐term auditory representations for phonemes has been well‐established. However, since speech perception is typically audiovisual, we hypothesized that long‐term phoneme representations may also contain information on speakers' mouth shape during articulation. We used an audiovisual oddball paradigm in which, on each trial, participants saw a face and heard one of two vowels. One vowel occurred frequently (standard), while another occurred rarely (deviant). In one condition (neutral), the face had a closed, non‐articulating mouth. In the other condition (audiovisual violation), the mouth shape matched the frequent vowel. Although in both conditions stimuli were audiovisual, we hypothesized that identical auditory changes would be perceived differently by participants. Namely, in the neutral condition, deviants violated only the audiovisual pattern specific to each block. By contrast, in the audiovisual violation condition, deviants additionally violated long‐term representations for how a speaker's mouth looks during articulation. We compared the amplitude of mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3 components elicited by deviants in the two conditions. The MMN extended posteriorly over temporal and occipital sites even though deviants contained no visual changes, suggesting that deviants were perceived as interruptions in audiovisual, rather than auditory only, sequences. As predicted, deviants elicited larger MMN and P3 in the audiovisual violation compared to the neutral condition. The results suggest that long‐term representations of phonemes are indeed audiovisual.