bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENILAIAN CACAT LUBANG KAIN BERBASIS LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR PADA MIKROKONTROLER ARDUINO UNO
Authors: Fitrianti Liana Dwi 
Published: June 2021

Kain merupakan komponen utama dalam pembuatan garmen. Kualitas produk garmen dapat dipengaruhi oleh kualitas kain, maka sebelum melakukan proses produksi garmen perlu dilakukan kegiatan inspeksi kain untuk memeriksa keberadaan cacat pada kain. Pada umumnya inspeksi kain di industri garmen menggunakan sebuah mesin inspeksi yang dioperasikan oleh seorang operator. Akan tetapi operator sebagai seorang manusia akan tetap bisa melakukan kelalaian dalam bekerja. Misalnya terdapat cacat pada permukaan kain yang terlewat untuk diperiksa.Untuk mengurangi jumlah cacat lubang yang terlewat pada kain maka dilakukan penelitian mengenai studi pendeteksi cacat kain menggunakan Hardware berupa Arduino Uno dengan sensor cahaya (LDR) yang dilakukan pada mesin inspeksi kain sehingga dapat mendeteksi cacat lubang pada kain. Arduino adalah pengendali mikro single-board yang bersifat open-source, dirancang untuk memudahkan penggunaan elektronik dalam berbagai bidang. Hardware dalam arduino memiliki prosesor Atmel AVR dan menggunakan software dan bahasa sendiri. Sensor cahaya LDR ini merupakan resistor yang memiliki karakteristik peka terhadap cahaya. LDR akan dapat mendeteksi cahaya yang melewati lubang kain pada jarak tertentu. Cahaya yang melewati lubang dideteksi sebagai perubahan intensitas cahaya sehingga cacat lubang pada kain dapat terdeteksi berdasarkan ukurannya.
Impact of COVID-19-related disruptions to measles, meningococcal A, and yellow fever vaccination in 10 countries
Authors: Gaythorpe Katy AM , Abbas Kaja , Huber John , Karachaliou Andromachi , Thakkar Niket , Woodruff Kim , Li Xiang , Echeverria-Londono Susy ,   VIMC Working Group on COVID-19 Impact on Vaccine Preventable Disease, Arsene Bita Fouda Andre , Cutts Felicity , Dansereau Emily , Durupt Antoine , Griffiths Ulla , Horton Jennifer , Krause L Kendall , Kretsinger Katrina , Mengistu Tewodaj , Mirza Imran , Procter Simon R , Shendale Stephanie , Ferrari Matthew , Jackson Michael L , McCarthy Kevin , Perkins T Alex , Trotter Caroline , Jit Mark 
Published: June 2021

Background:Childhood immunisation services have been disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. WHO recommends considering outbreak risk using epidemiological criteria when deciding whether to conduct preventive vaccination campaigns during the pandemic.Methods:We used two to three models per infection to estimate the health impact of 50% reduced routine vaccination coverage in 2020 and delay of campaign vaccination from 2020 to 2021 for measles vaccination in Bangladesh, Chad, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, and South Sudan, for meningococcal A vaccination in Burkina Faso, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria, and for yellow fever vaccination in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, and Nigeria. Our counterfactual comparative scenario was sustaining immunisation services at coverage projections made prior to COVID-19 (i.e. without any disruption).Results:Reduced routine vaccination coverage in 2020 without catch-up vaccination may lead to an increase in measles and yellow fever disease burden in the modelled countries. Delaying planned campaigns in Ethiopia and Nigeria by a year may significantly increase the risk of measles outbreaks (both countries did complete their supplementary immunisation activities (SIAs) planned for 2020). For yellow fever vaccination, delay in campaigns leads to a potential disease burden rise of >1 death per 100,000 people per year until the campaigns are implemented. For meningococcal A vaccination, short-term disruptions in 2020 are unlikely to have a significant impact due to the persistence of direct and indirect benefits from past introductory campaigns of the 1- to 29-year-old population, bolstered by inclusion of the vaccine into the routine immunisation schedule accompanied by further catch-up campaigns.Conclusions:The impact of COVID-19-related disruption to vaccination programs varies between infections and countries. Planning and implementation of campaigns should consider country and infection-specific epidemiological factors and local immunity gaps worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic when prioritising vaccines and strategies for catch-up vaccination.Funding:Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance.
How to create and develop writing centres
Authors: Galtung Ingrid , Kavli Solveig , Schoder Dina Møll , Tønnesen Marianne 
Published: June 2021

This roundtable addresses how two Norwegian writing centres –in different stages of establishment and settled within different constitutional frames –handle staff policy and aim to facilitate academic writing to their target group and main users, namely the students.We will structure the discussion around four main themes that we juggle in our daily work:
1.Using strategic plans to promote academic writing development and student throughput
2.Co-creating learning activities with and for MA students
3.Keeping up with the Library and Faculty
4.Strengthening and further developing academic writing in HE
Attendees at the roundtable will be invited to discuss and participate in a dialogue on the way in which writing centres can improve the students’ writing process; why we find teaching and preaching academic writing to be an important skill, and how we can co-create learning activities in libraries and writing centres with academic staff and students. We will also touch on the issue of legitimacy, and how writing centre activities can be moved from the periphery to the centre of the institution and its pedagogical mission. The audience will leave with ideas and inspirations on how to facilitate and build good writing centres in collaboration between staff, librarians and experienced students.
Preparing students for an evidence-based health service
Authors: Johannessen Lilja Marlen , Kristensen Linn Kristine , Kalland Kari 
Published: June 2021

The Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet, launched the joint course “Introduction to Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in Health Care” the fall semester 2020, to our knowledge, the first of its kind. The course is developed for all the Bachelor programmes at the Faculty which are part of RETHOS (National guidelines for the Health and Social Studies), and 350 have participated so far. This new course, which is mandatory(5 credits), teaches students about the rationale for evidence-based practice (EBP) and its Core Competencies:
1. Reflection (identify information needs)
2. Asking questions
3. Acquire (finding the evidence, literature search)
4. Appraise and Interpret (critical appraisal)
5. Apply(implementation)
6. Evaluate
The course provides a foundation for learning and applying more advanced and field-specific skills. The teaching is designed with "flipped classroom", "team-based", "case based" and “peer instruction” learning activities in class and smaller groups. Digital learning resources are made available to the students in advance, through Canvas. The lectures can beheld as both physical and digital sessions, which facilitates great flexibility regarding size of the classes. Librarians with broad experience and competence in teaching EBP to health sciences students have been part of the working group developing this course from the start, alongside Faculty staff. This includes course descriptions, learning outcomes, parts of the exam paper, with a special responsibility for developing the teaching material covering the two core competencies Ask and Acquire. The librarians also cooperate with the faculty staff at “help desk”, where the students get feedback and guidance on their exam projects. The professional contribution from the University Library constitutes a significant part of the implementation of this course.This presentation will elaborate on the faculty-library collaboration, digital and active learning methods, both major key factors for successful implementation of this course
Genome-wide analysis, identification, evolution and genomic organization of dehydration responsive element-binding (DREB) gene family in Solanum tuberosum
Authors: Mushtaq Nida , Munir Faiza , Gul Alvina , Amir Rabia , Zafar Paracha Rehan 
Published: June 2021

Background
The dehydration responsive element-binding (DREB) gene family plays a crucial role as transcription regulators and enhances plant tolerance to abiotic stresses. Although the DREB gene family has been identified and characterized in many plants, knowledge about it in Solanum tuberosum (Potato) is limited.

Results
In the present study, StDREB gene family was comprehensively analyzed using bioinformatics approaches. We identified 66 StDREB genes through genome wide screening of the Potato genome based on the AP2 domain architecture and amino acid conservation analysis (Valine at position 14th). Phylogenetic analysis divided them into six distinct subgroups (A1–A6). The categorization of StDREB genes into six subgroups was further supported by gene structure and conserved motif analysis. Potato DREB genes were found to be distributed unevenly across 12 chromosomes. Gene duplication proved that StDREB genes experienced tandem and segmental duplication events which led to the expansion of the gene family. The Ka/Ks ratios of the orthologous pairs also demonstrated the StDREB genes were under strong purification selection in the course of evolution. Interspecies synteny analysis revealed 45 and 36 StDREB genes were orthologous to Arabidopsis and Solanum lycopersicum, respectively. Moreover, subcellular localization indicated that StDREB genes were predominantly located within the nucleus and the StDREB family’s major function was DNA binding according to gene ontology (GO) annotation.

Conclusions
This study provides a comprehensive and systematic understanding of precise molecular mechanism and functional characterization of StDREB genes in abiotic stress responses and will lead to improvement in Solanum tuberosum.
Prediction model of emergency mortality risk in patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a retrospective study
Authors: Chen Lan , Zheng Han , Wang Saibin 
Published: June 2021

Background
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common presentation in emergency departments and carries significant morbidity worldwide. It is paramount that treating physicians have access to tools that can effectively evaluate the patient risk, allowing quick and effective treatments to ultimately improve their prognosis. This study aims to establish a mortality risk assessment model for patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding at an emergency department.

Methods
A total of 991 patients presenting with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding between July 2016 and June 2019 were enrolled in this retrospective single-center cohort study. Patient demographics, parameters assessed at admission, laboratory test, and clinical interventions were extracted. We used the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression to identify predictors for establishing a nomogram for death in the emergency department or within 24 h after leaving the emergency department and a corresponding nomogram. The area under the curve of the model was calculated. A bootstrap resampling method was used to internal validation, and decision curve analysis was applied for evaluate the clinical utility of the model. We also compared our predictive model with other prognostic models, such as AIMS65, Glasgow-Blatchford bleeding score, modified Glasgow-Blatchford bleeding score, and Pre-Endoscopic Rockall Score.

Results
Among 991 patients, 41 (4.14%) died in the emergency department or within 24 h after leaving the emergency department. Five non-zero coefficient variables (transfusion of plasma, D-dimer, albumin, potassium, age) were filtered by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis and used to establish a predictive model. The area under the curve for the model was 0.847 (95% confidence interval [0.794–0.900]), which is higher than that of previous models for mortality of patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The decision curve analysis indicated the clinical usefulness of the model.

Conclusions
The nomogram based on transfusion of plasma, D-dimer, albumin, potassium, and age effectively assessed the prognosis of patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding presenting at the emergency department.
Intra-subject sample size effects in plantar pressure analyses
Authors: McClymont Juliet , Savage Russell , Pataky Todd C. , Crompton Robin , Charles James , Bates Karl T. 
Published: June 2021

Background
Recent work using large datasets (>500 records per subject) has demonstrated seemingly high levels of step-to-step variation in peak plantar pressure within human individuals during walking. One intuitive consequence of this variation is that smaller sample sizes (e.g., 10 steps per subject) may be quantitatively and qualitatively inaccurate and fail to capture the variance in plantar pressure of individuals seen in larger data sets. However, this remains quantitatively unexplored reflecting a lack of detailed investigation of intra-subject sample size effects in plantar pressure analysis.

Methods
Here we explore the sensitivity of various plantar pressure metrics to intra-subject sample size (number of steps per subject) using a random subsampling analysis. We randomly and incrementally subsample large data sets (>500 steps per subject) to compare variability in three metric types at sample sizes of 5–400 records: (1) overall whole-record mean and maximum pressure; (2) single-pixel values from five locations across the foot; and (3) the sum of pixel-level variability (measured by mean square error, MSE) from the whole plantar surface.

Results
Our results indicate that the central tendency of whole-record mean and maximum pressure within and across subjects show only minor sensitivity to sample size >200 steps. However, <200 steps, and particularly <50 steps, the range of overall mean and maximum pressure values yielded by our subsampling analysis increased considerably resulting in potential qualitative error in analyses of pressure changes with speed within-subjects and in comparisons of relative pressure magnitudes across subjects at a given speed. Our analysis revealed considerable variability in the absolute and relative response of the single pixel centroids of five regions to random subsampling. As the number of steps analysed decreased, the absolute value ranges were highest in the areas of highest pressure (medial forefoot and hallux), while the largest relative changes were seen in areas of lower pressure (the midfoot). Our pixel-level measure of variability by MSE across the whole-foot was highly sensitive to our manipulation of sample size, such that the range in MSE was exponentially larger in smaller subsamples. Random subsampling showed that the range in pixel-level MSE only came within 5% of the overall sample size in subsamples of >400 steps. The range in pixel-level MSE at low subsamples (<50) was 25–75% higher than that of the full datasets of >500 pressure records per subject. Overall, therefore, we demonstrate a high probability that the very small sample sizes (n < 20 records), which are routinely used in human and animal studies, capture a relatively low proportion of variance evident in larger plantar pressure data set, and thus may not accurately reflect the true population mean.
Effects of nitrogen application on phytochemical component levels and anticancer and antioxidant activities of Allium fistulosum
Authors: Zhao Chen , Wang Zhongjian , Cui Rongzong , Su Le , Sun Xin , Borras-Hidalgo Orlando , Li Kunlun , Wei Jianlin , Yue Qiulin , Zhao Lin 
Published: June 2021

Background
Allium fistulosum L. has good nutritional value and is cultivated worldwide as an efficacious traditional medicinal plant. Its biological activities are attributable to its phytochemicals. Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development; however, the effect of nitrogen levels on the level of active components in this species is not well understood.

Methods
In this study, using urea fertilizer, we investigated the effects of different nitrogen levels (N0, N1, and N2 at 0, 130, and 260 kg/ha, respectively) on the phytochemical constituents , and antioxidant and anticancer properties of A. fistulosum.

Results
The results suggested that nitrogen fertilizers have a significant effect on the level of total phenols and flavonoids. The analysis of the antioxidant capacity revealed that the lowest IC50 values corresponded to plants treated with the highest nitrogen concentration. Anticancer activity was investigated against cancer cell lines (HeLa and HepG2), and the extracts of A. fistulosum treated with a high nitrogen level showed the highest antiproliferative effect. Collectively, our results suggest that nitrogen fertilizer application enhanced the quality of A. fistulosum, particularly its health benefits.
Single isocenter SRS using CAVMAT offers improved robustness to commissioning and treatment delivery uncertainty compared to VMAT
Authors: Cullom Edward T. , Xia Yuqing , Chuang Kai‐Cheng , Gude Zachary W. , Zlateva Yana , Adamson Justus D. , Giles William M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurposeIn this study, we evaluate and compare single isocenter multiple target VMAT (SIMT) and Conformal Arc Informed VMAT (CAVMAT) radiosurgery's sensitivity to uncertainties in dosimetric leaf gap (DLG) and treatment delivery. CAVMAT is a novel planning technique that uses multiple target conformal arcs as the starting point for limited inverse VMAT optimization.MethodsAll VMAT and CAVMAT plans were recalculated with DLG values of 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 mm. DLG effect on V6Gy[cc], V12Gy[cc], and V16Gy[cc], and target dose was evaluated. Plans were delivered to a Delta4 (ScandiDos, Madison, WI) phantom and gamma analysis performed with varying criteria. Log file analysis was performed to evaluate MLC positional error. Sixteen targets were delivered to a SRS MapCHECK (Sun Nuclear Corp., Melbourne, FL) to evaluate VMAT and CAVMAT's dose difference (DD) as a function of DLG.ResultsVMAT's average maximum and minimum target dose sensitivity to DLG was 9.08 ±3.50%/mm and 9.50 ± 3.30%/mm, compared to 3.20 ± 1.60%/mm and 4.72 ± 1.60%/mm for CAVMAT. For VMAT, V6Gy[cc], V12Gy[cc], and V16Gy[cc] sensitivity was 35.83 ± 9.50%/mm, 34.12 ± 6.60%/mm, and 39.23 ± 8.40%/mm. In comparison, CAVMAT's sensitivity was 23.19 ± 4.50%/mm, 22.45 ± 4.40%/mm, and 24.88 ± 4.90%/mm, respectively. Upon delivery to the Delta4, CAVMAT offered superior dose agreement compared to VMAT. For a 1%/1 mm gamma analysis, VMAT and CAVMAT had a passing rate of 94.53 ± 4.40% and 99.28 ± 1.70%, respectively. CAVMAT was more robust to DLG variation, with the SRS MapCHECK plans yielding an absolute average DD sensitivity of 2.99 ± 1.30%/mm compared to 5.07 ± 1.10%/mm for VMAT. Log files demonstrated minimal differences in MLC positional error for both techniques.ConclusionsCAVMAT remains robust to delivery uncertainties while offering a target dose sensitivity to DLG less than half that of VMAT, and 65% of that of VMAT for V6Gy[cc], V12Gy[cc], and V16Gy[cc]. The superior dose agreement and reduced sensitivity of CAVMAT to DLG uncertainties indicate promise as a robust alternative to VMAT for SIMT SRS.
The Thinnest Light Disk: Rewritable Data Storage and Encryption on WS2 Monolayers
Authors: Zhao Weiwei , Cai Shuang , Wei Xin , Zheng Ting , Xu Xin , Zafar Amina , Liu Hongwei , Yu Ting , Lu Junpeng , Chen Yunfei , Ni Zhenhua 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe thinnest light disk is demonstrated at the atomic level by developing an erasable method to directly write encrypted information onto WS2 monolayers. The write‐in is realized by precise control of photoluminescence emission by means of ozone functionalization and scanning focused laser beam. The visual decryption and reading‐out of information are enabled by fluorescence contrast. The high encryption level is ensured by the threshold power upon which the data deletion will be triggered. Owing to the high spatial resolution and power sensitivity, the storage capacity within <1 nm thickness can be up to ≈62.5 MB cm−2, and the writing speed can reach ≈6.25 MB s−1. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the disk formatting is realized by ozone molecule adsorption induced localized unoccupied states, while the read‐in relies on the passivation of defects via substitution of the sulfur vacancies with oxygen atoms. The results of this study promote data storage and encryption on the atomic scale.
A General Strategy to Fabricate Flexible Oxide Ceramic Nanofibers with Gradient Bending‐Resilience Properties
Authors: Wang Xiao , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zhao Yun , Li Guang , Yan Jianhua , Yu Jianyong , Ding Bin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractInorganic materials assembled with rigid elements such as crystals or graphitized carbon generally show brittleness and hardness. However, it is found that both TiO2 ceramic crystal nanofibers (NFs) and carbon NFs show superior flexibility, in which the former are surprisingly knottable and the latter exhibit excellent bending‐resilience property. The different flexure mechanisms are revealed by fabricating composite NFs of these two constituents and find that the carbon NFs can be recovered to the original states after releasing the external force, while the bending‐resilience is weakened and the softness of the composite NFs is enhanced upon increasing the TiO2 content. The graphitized carbon can store mechanical deformation energy that enables the NFs with bending‐resilience, while both the homogeneous interfaces between TiO2 crystals and the heterogeneous interfaces between TiO2 and carbon can alleviate stress concentration, which reduce the flexural modulus of the composite NFs. By filling different contents of elastic carbon into TiO2 NFs, a series of flexible NFs that exhibit gradient bending‐resilience properties are fabricated. This study provides a deeper understanding of the mechanical properties of inorganic materials.
Challenges and Opportunities of Self‐Healing Polymers and Devices for Extreme and Hostile Environments
Authors: Ekeocha James , Ellingford Christopher , Pan Min , Wemyss Alan M. , Bowen Christopher , Wan Chaoying 
Published: June 2021

AbstractEngineering materials and devices can be damaged during their service life as a result of mechanical fatigue, punctures, electrical breakdown, and electrochemical corrosion. This damage can lead to unexpected failure during operation, which requires regular inspection, repair, and replacement of the products, resulting in additional energy consumption and cost. During operation in challenging, extreme, or harsh environments, such as those encountered in high or low temperature, nuclear, offshore, space, and deep mining environments, the robustness and stability of materials and devices are extremely important. Over recent decades, significant effort has been invested into improving the robustness and stability of materials through either structural design, the introduction of new chemistry, or improved manufacturing processes. Inspired by natural systems, the creation of self‐healing materials has the potential to overcome these challenges and provide a route to achieve dynamic repair during service. Current research on self‐healing polymers remains in its infancy, and self‐healing behavior under harsh and extreme conditions is a particularly untapped area of research. Here, the self‐healing mechanisms and performance of materials under a variety of harsh environments are discussed. An overview of polymer‐based devices developed for a range of challenging environments is provided, along with areas for future research.