bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE LINEAR-FRACTIONAL PROGRAMMING PROBLEM UNDER UNCERTAINTY CONDITIONS
Authors: Pavlov Oleksandr , Vozniuk Oleksandra , Zhdanova Olena 
Published: July 2021

This paper addresses the problem of linear-fractional programming under uncertainty. The uncertainty here is understood as the ambiguity of the coefficients’ values in the optimized functional. We give two mathematical formulations of the problem. In the first one, the uncertainty refers to the numerator: there are several sets of objective function coefficients, each coefficient can determine the numerator of the problem’s criterion at the stage of its solution implementation. The uncertainty in the second formulation refers to the denominator of the functional. We propose several compromise criteria for evaluating solutions to the problem we consider. We study the following two criterions in detail: 1) finding a compromise solution in which the deviation of the values of the partial functionals from their optimal values is within the specified limits; 2) finding a compromise solution according to the criterion of minimizing the total weighted excess of the values of partial functionals in relation to the specified feasible deviations from their optimal values (the values of concessions). We formulate an auxiliary linear programming problem to find a compromise solution to the linear-fractional programming problems by these two criteria. The constraints of the auxiliary problem depend on the optimization direction in the original problem. We carried out a series of experiments of four types to study the properties of the problem. The purposes of the experiments were: 1) to study how changes in the values of the specified feasible deviations of partial objective functions impact the values of actual deviations and the values of concessions; 2) to study how changes in the expert weights of partial objective functions impact the values of actual deviations and the values of concessions for the compromise solutions we obtain. We propose in this work the schemes of experiments and present their results in graphical form. We have found that the obtained relations depend on the optimization direction in the original problem.
Keywords: optimization, uncertainty, convolution, linear-fractional programming, linear programming problem, compromise solution
TECHNOLOGY FOR IDENTIFICATION OF INFORMATION AGENDA IN NEWS DATA STREAMS
Authors: Petrasova Svitlana , Khairova Nina , Kolesnyk Anastasiia 
Published: July 2021

Currently, the volume of news data streams is growing that contributes to increasing interest in systems that allow automating the big data streams processing. Based on intelligent data processing tools, the semantic similarity identification of text information will make it possible to select common information spaces of news. The article analyzes up-to-date statistical metrics for identifying coherent fragments, in particular, from news texts displaying the agenda, identifies the main advantages and disadvantages as well. The information technology is proposed for identifying the common information space of relevant news in the data stream for a certain period of time. The technology includes the logical-linguistic and distributive-statistical models for identifying collocations. The MI distributional semantic model is applied at the stage of potential collocation extraction. At the same time, regular expressions developed in accordance with the grammar of the English language make it possible to identify grammatically correct constructions. The advantage of the developed logical-linguistic model formalizing the semantic-grammatical characteristics of collocations, based on the use of algebraicpredicate operations and a semantic equivalence predicate, is that both the grammatical structure of the language and the meaning of words (collocates) are analyzed. The WordNet thesaurus is used to determine the synonymy relationship between the main and dependent collocation components. Based on the investigated corpus of news texts from the CNN and BBC services, the effectiveness of the developed technology is assessed. The analysis shows that the precision coefficient is 0.96. The use of the proposed technology could improve the quality of news streams processing. The solution to the problem of automatic identification of semantic similarity can be used to identify texts of the same domain, relevant information, extract facts and eliminate semantic ambiguity, etc.
Keywords: data stream, agenda, logical-linguistic model, distribution-statistical model, collocation, semantic similarity, WordNet, news text corpus, precision.
Methods for Reducing Intraoperative Breast Radiation Exposure of Orthopaedic Surgeons
Authors: Van Nortwick Sara S. , Leonard Dana A. , Finlay Andrea K. , Chou Loretta , Valone Lindsey C. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Standard lead aprons and vests do not adequately shield the most common breast cancer site, the upper outer quadrant (UOQ), from intraoperative radiation. The purpose of the present study was to determine if lead sleeves, wings, and/or axillary supplements decreased intraoperative radiation exposure of the UOQ of the breast.

Methods:
An anthropomorphic torso phantom (simulating the female surgeon) was placed adjacent to a standard operating room table. Dosimeters were placed bilaterally over the UOQ of the breast. Scatter radiation dose equivalent rates (mrem/hr) were measured during continuous fluoroscopy of a pelvic phantom (simulating the patient). Five protection configurations (no lead; lead vest; and vest with sleeves, wings, and axillary supplements), 2 surgeon positions (facing the table and perpendicular to the table), and 2 C-arm positions (anteroposterior and cross-table lateral projection) were tested. The t test was utilized with a Bonferroni correction for multiple t tests.

Results:
Lead sleeves and axillary supplements decreased intraoperative radiation exposure to the UOQ of the breast when compared with a well-fitted standard lead vest alone (p < 0.01) across all surgeon and C-arm positions. The addition of wings decreased radiation exposure to a lesser extent than sleeves or axillary supplements, and the difference when compared with the lead vest alone did not reach significance (p = 0.29). Breast radiation exposure in the C-arm cross-table lateral projection was highest across all testing.

Conclusions:
The UOQ of the breast is not adequately protected by standard lead vests alone or vests with the addition of wings. Axillary supplements and sleeves improved protection of the breast.

Clinical Relevance:
Modifications of lead protective vests may improve intraoperative breast radiation protection.
Modelling of the Phase-Partitioning Behaviors for CO2-Brine System at Geological Conditions
Authors: Sun Xiaohui , Wang Zhiyuan , Li Yingjie , Li Hangyu , He Haikang , Sun Baojiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAn improved phase-partitioning model is proposed for the prediction of the mutual solubility in the CO2-brine system containing Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, and SO42-. The correlations are computationally efficient and reliable, and they are primarily designed for incorporation into a multiphase flow simulator for geology- and energy-related applications including CO2 sequestration, CO2-enhanced geothermal systems, and CO2-enhanced oil recovery. The model relies on the fugacity coefficient in the CO2-rich phase and the activity coefficient in the aqueous phase to estimate the phase-partitioning properties. In the model, (i) the fugacity coefficients are simulated by a modified Peng-Robinson equation of state which incorporates a new alpha function and binary interaction parameter (BIP) correlation; (ii) the activity coefficient is estimated by a unified equilibrium constant model and a modified Margules expression; and (iii) the simultaneous effects of salting-out on the compositions of the CO2-rich phase and the aqueous phase are corrected by a Pizter interaction model. Validation of the model calculations against literature experimental data and traditional models indicates that the proposed model is capable of predicting the phase-partitioning behaviors in the CO2-brine system with a higher accuracy at temperatures of up to 623.15 K and pressures of up to 350 MPa. Using the proposed model, the phase diagram of the CO2+H2O system is generated. An abrupt change in phase compositions is revealed during the transfer of the CO2-rich phase from vapor to liquid or supercritical. Furthermore, the preliminary simulation shows that the salting-out effect can considerably decrease the water content in the CO2-rich phase, which has not been well experimentally studied so far.
Colombia-United States Free Trade Agreement. An observation to the Colombian agricultural microeconomy projected towards development
Authors: Franky Melissa Stephanni Vargas , Núñez José Rodrigo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Through this article, the results of the Free Trade Agreement between Colombia and the United States were addressed, based on its effects on the exports of the Colombian agricultural sector and its repercussions on the rural microeconomy, using the following methods: a) Descriptive b) Comparative Method c) Revealed Comparative Advantages (RCA) and d) Prospective Approach, being the main variables, competition, rural poverty in Colombia, concentration of rural property and the investment budget destined for the vulnerable agricultural sector, observing that Colombia's agricultural products do not have significant comparative advantages to compete with the North American market, which is evidenced in the deficit trade balance. Colombia is the most unequal country in the distribution of land in Latin America where the largest extensions are destined to the production of agrofuels and it is the small farmers who generate the largest number of crops for internal consumption, persisting despite the hostile conditions in the Colombian countryside, and the high rates of monetary and multidimensional poverty. These circumstances pose a risk to the country's food sovereignty by becoming dependent on imports, which is why a legal-economic proposal was made for Colombia based on the United Nations Declaration of the Right to Development.
Functional Evaluation of KEL as an Oncogenic Gene in the Progression of Acute Erythroleukemia
Authors: Wu Zijuan , Liu Wenjie , Yu Yan , Qiao Chun , Zhu Han , Hong Ming , Zhu Yu , Qian Sixuan , Chen Suning , Wu Depei , Li Jianyong , Jin Hui 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background Acute erythroleukemia (AEL) is an infrequent subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with worse prognosis. Though the last decade has seen major advances in the novel features and genomic landscape in AEL, there is still a lack of specific therapeutic targets and effective treatment approaches for this disease.MethodsTCGA database was used to screen out the oncogene with specifically aberrant expression in AEL. Protein array was performed to explore the activated signaling pathways and targets that undergo phosphorylation modulation. A series of functional analyses in cell lines and mice models were performed to investigate the biological significance and clinical relevance of KEL regulation in AEL. CHIP, EMSA and dual-luciferase activity assay were performed to explore the upstream regulation mechanism of KEL.ResultsIn this study, the results showed that KEL promoted cell proliferation and its downregulation reversed drug resistance in AEL cells to JQ1. Our findings suggested that KEL contributed to gain of H3K27 acetylation and promoted erythroid differentiation induced by GATA1. Additionally, GATA1 and TAL1 as co-Transcription factors (TFs) modulated the expression of KEL. Maintaining cell viability and differentiation, KEL also played parts in the immune evasion of tumor cells.ConclusionsOur work expands the current knowledge regarding molecular mechanisms involved in cancer onset and progression, offering promising therapeutic target to broaden the treatment options.
The TANDEM trial: protocol for the process evaluation of a randomised trial of a complex intervention for anxiety and/or depression in people living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Authors: Kelly Moira , Steed Liz , Sohanpal Ratna , Pinnock Hilary , Barradell Amy , Dibao-Dina Clarisse , Mammoliti Kristie-Marie , Wileman Vari , Rowland Vickie , Newton Sian , Moore Anna , Taylor Stephanie 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
TANDEM is a randomised controlled trial of a complex healthcare intervention to improve the psychological and physical health of people living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and anxiety and/or depression. Based on health psychology theory set out in a logic model, respiratory health professionals were recruited and trained to deliver a cognitive behavioural approach intervention (The TANDEM intervention) under the supervision of senior cognitive behavioural practitioners. Here we describe the protocol for the process evaluation commissioned alongside the trial. A realist approach that includes attention to describing contexts and mechanisms has been adopted.
Methods
We set up a multi-disciplinary team to develop and deliver the process evaluation. The mixed-methods design incorporates quantitative process data; monitoring of intervention fidelity; qualitative interviews with patients, carers, health professionals (facilitators) and clinical supervisors about their perspectives on acceptability of the intervention; exploration with all stakeholders (including management/policy-makers) on future implementation. Normalization process theory (NPT) will inform data collection and interpretation with a focus on implementation. Quantitative process data will be analysed descriptively. Qualitative interview data will be analysed before the trial outcomes are known using analytic induction and constant comparison to develop themes. Findings from the different elements will be reported separately and then integrated.
Conclusion
Detailed description and analysis of study processes in a research trial such as TANDEM enables research teams to describe study contexts and mechanisms, and to examine the relationship with outcomes. In this way learning from the trial goes beyond the randomised control trial (RCT) model where effectiveness is prioritised and makes it possible to explore issues arising for post-trial study implementation.
Trial registration
ISRCTN, ID: ISRCTN59537391. Registered on 20 March 2017. Trial protocol version 6.0, 22 April 2018.
Sulfur Poisoning on Rh Nanoparticles but Sulfur Promotion on Its Single-Site Catalyst for Carbonylation
Authors: Ding Yun (J) , Feng Siquan , Mu Jiali , Lin Xiangsong , Song Xiangen , Safonova Olga , Nachtegaal Maarten , Liu Siyue , Yuan Qiao , Li Xingju , Zhang Weiqing , Wu Guorong , Yang Jiayue , Dong Wenrui , Yang Xueming , Li Jingwei , Jiang Zheng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Sulfur poisoning is a challenge for most nanoparticle metal catalysts. A trace amount of sulfur contaminants could result in dramatic catalytic activity reduction or even irreversible deactivation1-5. Therefore, new approaches to enhance the catalyst sulfur-resistance have continuously attracted attention from academia and industry. Herein, a role reversal of sulfur from poison to promotor is presented for an Rh-based heterogeneous catalyst from supported Rh nanoparticles (NPs) to its single-site catalysts (Rh1/AC, AC: activated carbon) in methanol carbonylation, ethylene and acetylene hydrocarboxylic reaction with a feed containing 1000 ppm H2S (S-feed). In situ free-electron laser/time of flight mass spectrometry (In situ FEL/TOF MS) indicated that H2S could be quickly transformed into catalyst-friendly CH3SCH3 and/or CH3SH on the Rh1/AC, which coordinated with the Rh ions and promoted its methanol carbonylation reaction, possessing a lower energy barrier based on DFT calculations. On the contrary, strong adsorption of H2S on the surface of Rh NPs inhibited the reaction of reactants.
Taxifolin Alleviates Metabolic and Neurochemical Alterations in Hippocampus and Cortex of Brain of Rotenone-Toxified Rats in Vivo and Effectively Interacts with Enzymes Involve in Neurotransmission in Silico
Authors: JOSIAH Sunday Solomon , Saliu Ibrahim Olabayode , Umar Haruna Isiyaku , Famusiwa Courage Dele , Akinmoladun Afolabi Clement 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Rotenone is a naturally occurring compound and inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I. Its exposure is toxic and directly affects the function of mitochondrial which leads to neurodegeneration. Taxifolin is a flavonoid that exhibits therapeutic potentials in various neurodegenerative diseases via its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and neuromodulatory properties. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of taxifolin to alleviate metabolic and neurochemical alterations in the hippocampal and cortical region of brain of rotenone-toxified rats in vivo and to assess its influence on some enzymes involve in neurotransmission in silico. Taxifolin (0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg) was orally post-administered to male Wistar rats for 3 days after 10 days subcutaneous administration of rotenone. Activities of mitochondrial complex I, membrane ion pump and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were evaluated in the hippocampus and cortex of the brain of rotenone-toxified rats. Markers of neurotransmitter metabolism and oxidative stress were also biochemically estimated and molecular interaction between taxifolin and tyrosine hydroxylase, monoamine oxidase, glutamine synthetase and Na+K+ ATPase was determined by in silico simulation. Taxifolin attenuated dysfunction of mitochondrial, Na+K+ ATPase, LDH and modulate neurotransmitter metabolism. Also, the elicited oxidative stress was mitigated by taxifolin in the hippocampus and cortex of the brain of rotenone-toxified rats. The highest binding affinity was recorded in taxifolin and tyrosine hydroxylase complex. Hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interactions were the two key molecular interaction between the taxifolin and targeted enzymes. Thus, taxifolin significantly exert therapeutic effect against rotenone-induced neurotoxicity in rats via anti-oxidative, as well as mitochondrial and neurotransmitter modulatory activity.
Nicotinamide as Potential Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Translational Study Based on Metabolomics
Authors: Dalmasso Maria Carolina , Aran Martin , Galeano Pablo , Perin Silvia , Giavalisco Patick , Adami Pamela Victoria Martino , Castano Eduardo Migual , Cuello A. Claudio , Scherer Martin , Maier Wolfang , Wagner Michael , Reidel-Heller Steffi , Ramirez Alfredo , Morelli Laura 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The metabolic routes altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain are poorly understood. As the metabolic pathways are evolutionarily conserved, the metabolic profiles carried out in animal models of AD could be directly translated into human studiesMethods: We performed untargeted 1H-NMR metabolomics in hippocampus of McGill-R-Thy1-APP transgenic (Tg) rats, a model of AD-like cerebral amyloidosis. Three groups of 9 month-old rats were tested: hemizygous Tg+/-, displaying mild amyloid pathology characterized by intraneuronal amyloid β (iAβ) accumulation; homozygous Tg+/+, showing iAβ, senile plaques and neuroinflammation, and wild-type (WT). The translational potential of these findings was assessed in plasma of participants in the German longitudinal study on Aging, Cognition and Dementia (AgeCoDe), by targeted GC-EI/MS. Results: Eighteen metabolites were detected, three of them showed significant differences among genotypes, but only two were specifically assigned to a known molecule: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide (Nam). Only Tg+/+ rats showed significantly decreased levels of total-NAD, NADH and NAD+ as compared to WT, and a significant increase in NAD+/NADH ratio, suggesting an alteration of the redox state, alongside the reduction of all forms of NAD. Transcript levels of NAD-consuming and NAD-synthesis enzymes were increased in both transgenic genotypes. Next, Nam and NAD were evaluated at the peripheral level in rat plasma, where NAD/H was undetectable, Nam levels were unchanged among genotypes, but Trigonelline (a metabolic product of Nam) was reduced in Tg+/+. While trigonelline was undetected, Nam was significantly reduced in AD demented patients respect to cognitively normal participants (controls). This finding in Nam was replicated in a second independent case-control sample drawn from the same AgeCoDe. Next, the predictive value of Nam on disease progression was analyzed. Herein, reduction of Nam levels was observed in AgeCoDe participants who progressed to AD dementia ~1 year after blood collection, whereas Nam level were not reduced in those who converted afterwards. Conclusions: This preclinical study suggests that dysregulation of NAD/Nam depends on cerebral amyloid burden, and support the hypothesis that changes observed in the hippocampus may be detected in plasma. Furthermore, the findings in AgeCoDe points toward the potential use of Nam as plasma biomarker for AD.
Evaluation of Root Lodging Resistance During Whole Growth Period in Maize Using the Anti-Lodging Index Defined as Root Failure Moment Divided by Wind Resultant Moment
Authors: Wang Xiaohu , Li Yinchang , Han Wei , Song Zhaoyu , Wang Shengjian , Yang Jinzhong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Root lodging due to strong storm wind is a common problem in maize (Zea mays) production, leading to reduced crop yield and quality and harvest efficiency. Little information is available on quantifying effects of vertical leaf area distribution on root lodging in crops such as maize. The anti-lodging index of root was computed by the formula: ALroot = Mroot / Mwind, where AL denotes anti-lodging index, and M moment of force. Root failure moment of force equals to moment arm times max root side-pulling force measured in situ by means of the digital pole dynamometer, and wind resultant moment of force is estimated with vertical leaf area distribution and wind speed. Two maize cultivars, with contrasting root lodging resistance, were examined at 5 different growth stages from V8 to physiological maturity in 2019 and 2020, in Qingdao, China. Root anti-lodging index in tested cultivars fluctuated to a small extent within any year during whole growth period excluding at V8, while there was an inter-annual shift in index means (1.23 vs 0.84). Both root failure moment and wind resultant moment increased first and then decreased with the growth stage, and their influence on root anti-lodging index varied with the year. At wind grade 6, effect sizes, as contribution to root anti-lodging index, of root moment and wind moment were respectively 0.88 and 0.98. The difference in anti-lodging index between cultivars seemed to be disappearing as wind grade goes up. Root failure moment of force positively related to single root tensile resistance, root-soil ball volume, root number and total root length, whose correlation coefficient was the maximum of 0.94. Root anti-lodging index of maize proved stable from V8 on during whole growth period, and vertical leaf area distribution played a substantial role in maize root lodging in terms of wind resultant moment. Our findings provide the insights into root lodging events in crops such as maize, and would serve an approach to assessing crop root lodging resistance in breeding and cultivation programs.