bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When to resume bariatric surgery after COVID-19 pandemic?: results of patients’ and surgeons’ survey
Authors: Dudek Alicja , Wysocki Michał , Walędziak Maciej , Szeliga Jacek , Proczko-Stepaniak Monika , Pędziwiatr Michał , Major Piotr 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus Disease 2019 is affecting most countries around the world, including Poland. In response, all elective surgeries have been postponed. We asked patients and surgeons when they want bariatric surgery to resume after pandemic. The main aim of the study was to determine patients’ and surgeons’ expectations about when to resume bariatric surgery regarding COVID-19 pandemic state.

Methods
The study was conducted in two groups: Group 1—bariatric patients; Group 2—bariatric surgeons. Two online surveys were distributed.

Results
A total of 895 patients, 299 before, 596 after surgery and 32 surgeons took part in survey. All patients and surgeons declared willingness to resume bariatric surgeries after pandemic and responded that they should be resumed immediately the World Health Organization announces end of pandemic (42%). The majority of patients before surgery answered that bariatric procedures should be resumed immediately the number of daily incidents begins to decrease (53%). In the patient group, current body mass index (p < 0.001) and contact with COVID+/quarantined persons (p < 0.001) had impact on the response to resumption of bariatric procedures.

Conclusions
Patients opted to wait for bariatric surgery until the oncological queue has become shorter. Surgeons presented a readiness to resume both procedures in parallel.
Single-cell morphological characterization of CRH neurons throughout the whole mouse brain
Authors: Wang Yu , Hu Pu , Shan Qinghong , Huang Chuan , Huang Zhaohuan , Chen Peng , Li Anan , Gong Hui , Zhou Jiang-Ning 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is an important neuromodulator that is widely distributed in the brain and plays a key role in mediating stress responses and autonomic functions. While the distribution pattern of fluorescently labeled CRH-expressing neurons has been studied in different transgenic mouse lines, a full appreciation of the broad diversity of this population and local neural connectivity can only come from integration of single-cell morphological information as a defining feature. However, the morphologies of single CRH neurons and the local circuits formed by these neurons have not been acquired at brain-wide and dendritic-scale levels.

Results
We screened the EYFP-expressing CRH-IRES-Cre;Ai32 mouse line to reveal the morphologies of individual CRH neurons throughout the whole mouse brain by using a fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography (fMOST) system. Diverse dendritic morphologies and projection fibers of CRH neurons were found in various brain regions. Follow-up reconstructions showed that hypothalamic CRH neurons had the smallest somatic volumes and simplest dendritic branches and that CRH neurons in several brain regions shared a common bipolar morphology. Further investigations of local CRH neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex unveiled somatic depth-dependent morphologies of CRH neurons that exhibited three types of mutual connections: basal dendrites (upper layer) with apical dendrites (layer 3); dendritic-somatic connections (in layer 2/3); and dendritic-dendritic connections (in layer 4). Moreover, hypothalamic CRH neurons were classified into two types according to their somatic locations and characteristics of dendritic varicosities. Rostral-projecting CRH neurons in the anterior parvicellular area had fewer and smaller dendritic varicosities, whereas CRH neurons in the periventricular area had more and larger varicosities that were present within dendrites projecting to the third ventricle. Arborization-dependent dendritic spines of CRH neurons were detected, among which the most sophisticated types were found in the amygdala and the simplest types were found in the hypothalamus.

Conclusions
By using the CRH-IRES-Cre;Ai32 mouse line and fMOST imaging, we obtained region-specific morphological distributions of CRH neurons at the dendrite level in the whole mouse brain. Taken together, our findings provide comprehensive brain-wide morphological information of stress-related CRH neurons and may facilitate further studies of the CRH neuronal system.
Understanding how communities respond to COVID-19: experiences from the Orthodox Jewish communities of Antwerp city
Authors: Vanhamel Jef , Meudec Marie , Van Landeghem Ella , Ronse Maya , Gryseels Charlotte , Reyniers Thijs , Rotsaert Anke , Ddungu Charles , Manirankunda Lazare , Katsuva Deogratias , Grietens Koen Peeters , Nöstlinger Christiana 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
The importance of community involvement in the response against disease outbreaks has been well established. However, we lack insights into local communities’ experiences in coping with the current COVID-19 pandemic. This study explored both the impact of, and response to, COVID-19 within the Orthodox Jewish communities of Antwerp (Belgium) during the first lockdown period (March 2020 – May 2020).

Methods
We conducted an explorative qualitative study using a participatory approach. First, we performed a community mapping to identify relevant stakeholders. Through the active involvement of a community advisory board and based on qualitative interviews with key-informants and community members, we elicited lived experiences, attitudes, and perceptions towards COVID-19. Interviews were conducted both face-to-face and using online web conferencing technology. Data were analyzed inductively according to the principles of thematic analysis.

Results
Government-issued outbreak control measures presented context-specific challenges to the Orthodox Jewish communities in Antwerp. They related mainly to the remote organization of religious life, and practicing physical distancing in socially and culturally strongly connected communities. Existing community resources were rapidly mobilized to adapt to the outbreak and to self-organize response initiatives within communities. The active involvement of community and religious leaders in risk communication proved to be of great importance to facilitate the coverage and uptake of pandemic control measures while protecting essential community values and traditions. Creating bottom-up and community-adapted communication strategies, including addressing language barriers and involving Rabbis in the dissemination of prevention messages, fostered a feeling of trust in government’s response measures. However, unmet information and prevention needs were also identified, such as the need for inclusive communication by public authorities and the need to mitigate the negative effects of stigmatization.

Conclusion
The experiences of Orthodox Jewish communities in Antwerp demonstrate a valuable example of a feasible community-centered approach to health emergencies. Increasing the engagement of communities in local decision-making and governance structures remains a key strategy to respond to unmet information and prevention needs.
Severity of parkinsonism associated with environmental manganese exposure
Authors: Racette Brad A. , Nelson Gill , Dlamini Wendy W. , Prathibha Pradeep , Turner Jay R. , Ushe Mwiza , Checkoway Harvey , Sheppard Lianne , Nielsen Susan Searles 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Exposure to occupational manganese (Mn) is associated with neurotoxic brain injury, manifesting primarily as parkinsonism. The association between environmental Mn exposure and parkinsonism is unclear. To characterize the association between environmental Mn exposure and parkinsonism, we performed population-based sampling of residents older than 40 in Meyerton, South Africa (N = 621) in residential settlements adjacent to a large Mn smelter and in a comparable non-exposed settlement in Ethembalethu, South Africa (N = 95) in 2016–2020.

Methods
A movement disorders specialist examined all participants using the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale motor subsection part 3 (UPDRS3). Participants also completed an accelerometry-based kinematic test and a grooved pegboard test. We compared performance on the UPDRS3, grooved pegboard, and the accelerometry-based kinematic test between the settlements using linear regression, adjusting for covariates. We also measured airborne PM2.5-Mn in the study settlements.

Results
Mean PM2.5-Mn concentration at a long-term fixed site in Meyerton was 203 ng/m3 in 2016–2017 – approximately double that measured at two other neighborhoods in Meyerton. The mean Mn concentration in Ethembalethu was ~ 20 times lower than that of the long-term Meyerton site. UPDRS3 scores were 6.6 (CI 5.2, 7.9) points higher in Meyerton than Ethembalethu residents. Mean angular velocity for finger-tapping on the accelerometry-based kinematic test was slower in Meyerton than Ethembalethu residents [dominant hand 74.9 (CI 48.7, 101.2) and non-dominant hand 82.6 (CI 55.2, 110.1) degrees/second slower]. Similarly, Meyerton residents took longer to complete the grooved pegboard, especially for the non-dominant hand (6.9, CI -2.6, 16.3 s longer).

Conclusions
Environmental airborne Mn exposures at levels substantially lower than current occupational exposure thresholds in the United States may be associated with clinical parkinsonism.
Correlation analysis of epicardial adipose tissue thickness, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, visfatin, juxtaposed with another zinc finger protein 1, and type 2 diabetic macroangiopathy
Authors: Gong Yuan-Yuan , Peng Hai-Ying 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
To investigate the correlation between the thickness of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL) -6, visfatin, juxtaposed with another zinc finger protein 1 (JAZF1) and type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) macroangiopathy.

Methods
The study enrolled 82 patients with T2DM with macroangiopathy (the Complication Group), and 85 patients with T2DM (the Diabetes Group) who were admitted to Shandong Provincial Third Hospital from February 2018 to February 2020. In addition, 90 healthy people who underwent physical examination at the same hospital during the same period were enrolled (the Healthy Control Group). Age, gender, height, weight, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), diabetic course and therapeutic drugs, waist hip ratio (WHR), and body mass index (BMI) were recorded and calculated.

Results
The baseline characteristics of the three groups were comparable, and the diabetic course of the Complication Group and the Diabetes Group was not significantly different (P > 0.05). The WHR of the Complication Group was higher than that of the Diabetes Group and the Healthy Control Group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The FPG, 2hPG, HbA1C, CRP, IL-6, Visfatin, JAZF1, HOMA-IR, EAT thickness, and baPWV of the Complication Group were all higher than those of the Diabetes Group and the Healthy Control Group (P < 0.05, respectively). The JAZF1 and FIns of the Complication Group and Diabetes Group were lower than those of the Healthy Control Group, and JAZF1 of the Complication Group was lower than the Diabetes Group with statistical significance (P<0.05, respectively). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the EAT thickness was positively correlated with CRP, IL-6, visfatin, and JAZF1 (r = 0.387, 0.451, 0.283, 0.301, respectively, all P<0.001). Pearson correlation analysis showed that baPWV was positively correlated with EAT thickness, CRP, IL-6, visfatin, and JAZF1 (r = 0.293, 0.382, 0.473, 0.286, respectively, all P < 0.001). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that FPG, 2hPG, HbA1C, CRP, IL-6, visfatin, JAZF1, and EAT thickness were independent risk factors that affected T2DM macroangiopathy.

Conclusions
Clinical monitoring and treatment of T2DM macroangiopathy can use CRP, IL-6, Visfatin, JAZF1, and EAT thickness as new targets to delay the progression of the disease. Further research on the relationship between the above factors and the pathogenesis of T2DM macroangiopathy may be helpful provide new treatment strategies.
Early oral feeding is safe and useful after rectosigmoid resection with anastomosis during cytoreductive surgery for primary ovarian cancer
Authors: Kato Kazuyoshi , Omatsu Kohei , Okamoto Sanshiro , Matoda Maki , Nomura Hidetaka , Tanigawa Terumi , Aoki Yoichi , Yunokawa Mayu , Kanao Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and clinical usefulness of early oral feeding (EOF) after rectosigmoid resection with anastomosis for the treatment of primary ovarian cancer.

Methods
We performed a retrospective review of all consecutive patients who had undergone rectosigmoid resection with anastomosis for primary ovarian, tubal, or peritoneal cancer between April 2012 and March 2019 in a single institution. Patient-related, disease-related, and surgery-related data including the incidence of anastomotic leakage and postoperative hospital stay were collected. EOF was introduced as a postoperative oral feeding protocol in September 2016. Before the introduction of EOF, conventional oral feeding (COF) had been used.

Results
Two hundred and one patients who underwent rectosigmoid resection with anastomosis, comprised of 95 patients in the COF group and 106 patients in the EOF group, were included in this study. The median number of postoperative days until the start of diet intake was 5 (range 2–8) in the COF group and 2 (range 2–8) in the EOF group (P < 0.001). Postoperative morbidity was equivalent between the groups. The incidence of anastomotic leakage was similar (1%) in both groups. The median length of the postoperative hospital stay was reduced by 6 days for the EOF group: 17 (range 9–67) days for the COF group versus 11 (8–49) days for the EOF group (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
EOF provides a significant reduction in the length of the postoperative hospital stay without an increased complication risk after rectosigmoid resection with anastomosis as a part of cytoreductive surgery for primary ovarian cancer.
Hepatitis B virus X protein promotes vimentin expression via LIM and SH3 domain protein 1 to facilitate epithelial-mesenchymal transition and hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: You Hongjuan , Yuan Dongchen , Bi Yanwei , Zhang Ning , Li Qi , Tu Tao , Wei Xiao , Lian Qi , Yu Tong , Kong Delong , Yang Xiaoying , Liu Xiangye , Liu Xiaomei , Kong Fanyun , Zheng Kuiyang , Tang Renxian 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein (HBX) has been reported to be responsible for the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Vimentin is an EMT-related molecular marker. However, the importance of vimentin in the pathogenesis of HCC mediated by HBX has not been well determined.

Methods
The expression of vimentin induced by HBX, and the role of LIM and SH3 domain protein 1 (LASP1) in HBX-induced vimentin expression in hepatoma cells were examined by western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis. Both the signal pathways involved in the expression of vimentin, the interaction of HBX with vimentin and LASP1, and the stability of vimentin mediated by LASP1 in HBX-positive cells were assessed by western blot, Co-immunoprecipitation, and GST-pull down assay. The role of vimentin in EMT, proliferation, and migration of HCC cells mediated by HBX and LASP1 were explored with western blot, CCK-8 assay, plate clone formation assay, transwell assay, and wound healing assay.

Results
Vimentin expression was increased in both HBX-positive hepatoma cells and HBV-related HCC tissues, and the expression of vimentin was correlated with HBX in HBV-related HCC tissues. Functionally, vimentin was contributed to the EMT, proliferation, and migration of hepatoma cells mediated by HBX. The mechanistic analysis suggested that HBX was able to enhance the expression of vimentin through LASP1. On the one hand, PI3-K, ERK, and STAT3 signal pathways were involved in the upregulation of vimentin mediated by LASP1 in HBX-positive hepatoma cells. On the other hand, HBX could directly interact with vimentin and LASP1, and dependent on LASP1, HBX was capable of promoting the stability of vimentin via protecting it from ubiquitination mediated protein degradation. Besides these, vimentin was involved in the growth and migration of hepatoma cells mediated by LASP1 in HBX-positive hepatoma cells.

Conclusion
Taken together, these findings demonstrate that, dependent on LASP1, vimentin is crucial for HBX-mediated EMT and hepatocarcinogenesis, and may serve as a potential target for HBV-related HCC treatment.
The influence of BACE1 on macrophage recruitment and activity in the injured peripheral nerve
Authors: Fissel John A. , Farah Mohamed H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractFollowing peripheral nerve injury, multiple cell types, including axons, Schwann cells, and macrophages, coordinate to promote nerve regeneration. However, this capacity for repair is limited, particularly in older populations, and current treatments are insufficient. A critical component of the regeneration response is the network of cell-to-cell signaling in the injured nerve microenvironment. Sheddases are expressed in the peripheral nerve and play a role in the regulation if this cell-to-cell signaling through cleavage of transmembrane proteins, enabling the regulation of multiple pathways through cis- and trans-cellular regulatory mechanisms. Enhanced axonal regeneration has been observed in mice with deletion of the sheddase beta-secretase (BACE1), a transmembrane aspartyl protease that has been studied in the context of Alzheimer’s disease. BACE1 knockout (KO) mice display enhanced macrophage recruitment and activity following nerve injury, although it is unclear whether this plays a role in driving the enhanced axonal regeneration. Further, it is unknown by what mechanism(s) BACE1 increases macrophage recruitment and activity. BACE1 has many substrates, several of which are known to have immunomodulatory activity. This review will discuss current knowledge of the role of BACE1 and other sheddases in peripheral nerve regeneration and outline known immunomodulatory BACE1 substrates and what potential roles they could play in peripheral nerve regeneration. Currently, the literature suggests that BACE1 and substrates that are expressed by neurons and Schwann cells are likely to be more important for this process than those expressed by macrophages. More broadly, BACE1 may play a role as an effector of immunomodulation beyond the peripheral nerve.
Underlying mechanisms and drug intervention strategies for the tumour microenvironment
Authors: Li Haoze , Zhou Lihong , Zhou Jing , Li Qi , Ji Qing 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCancer occurs in a complex tissue environment, and its progression depends largely on the tumour microenvironment (TME). The TME has a highly complex and comprehensive system accompanied by dynamic changes and special biological characteristics, such as hypoxia, nutrient deficiency, inflammation, immunosuppression and cytokine production. In addition, a large number of cancer-associated biomolecules and signalling pathways are involved in the above bioprocesses. This paper reviews our understanding of the TME and describes its biological and molecular characterization in different stages of cancer development. Furthermore, we discuss in detail the intervention strategies for the critical points of the TME, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, natural products from traditional Chinese medicine, combined drug therapy, etc., providing a scientific basis for cancer therapy from the perspective of key molecular targets in the TME.
Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation for severe chloroquine intoxication in a child – a case report
Authors: Ferry Thomas , Amiet Vivianne , Natterer Julia , Perez Marie-Hélène , Pfister Raymond , Colombier Sébastien , Longchamp David 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundChloroquine use has increased worldwide recently in the setting of experimental treatment for the novel coronavirus disease (Covid-19). Nevertheless, in case of chloroquine intoxication, it can be life threatening, with cardiac arrest, due to its cardiac toxicity.Case presentationThis case study reports on a 14-years-old girl who presented in cardiac arrest after an uncommon suicide attempt by ingesting 3 g of chloroquine. After 66 min of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR), extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) was initiated, allowing cardiac function to recover.ConclusionsChloroquine intoxication is a rare but serious condition due to its cardiac toxicity. Use of ECPR in this case of transient toxicity allowed a favorable evolution with little neurological impairment.
A novel zinc complex with antibacterial and antioxidant activity
Authors: Zhang Yun , Li Xiaojing , Li Jia , Khan Md. Zaved Hossain , Ma Fanyi , Liu Xiuhua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
In order to enhance the antibacterial activity and reduce the toxicity of Zn2+, novel complexes of Zn(II) were synthesized.

Results
A water-soluble zinc-glucose-citrate complex (ZnGC) with antibacterial activity was synthesized at pH 6.5. The structure, morphology, characterization, acute toxicity, antibacterial and antioxidant activities, and in situ intestinal absorption were investigated. The results showed that zinc ion was linked with citrate by coordinate bond while the glucose was linked with it through intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The higher the molecular weight of sugar is, the more favorable it is to inhibit the formation of zinc citrate precipitation. Compared with ZnCl2, ZnGC complex presented better antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (E. coli, Gram-negative).

Conclusions
The results of acute toxicity showed no obvious toxicity in this test and in situ intestinal absorption study, suggesting that ZnGC complex could be used as a potential zinc supplement for zinc deficiency.
MiR-1290 promotes myoblast differentiation and protects against myotube atrophy via Akt/p70/FoxO3 pathway regulation
Authors: Che Ji , Xu Cuidi , Wu Yuanyuan , Jia Peiyu , Han Qi , Ma Yantao , Wang Xiaolei , Zheng Yongjun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is a common skeletal disease related to myogenic disorders and muscle atrophy. Current clinical management has limited effectiveness. We sought to investigate the role of miR-1290 in myoblast differentiation and muscle atrophy.

Methods
By transfecting miR-1290 into C2C12 cells, we investigated whether miR-1290 regulates myogenesis and myotube atrophy via AKT/P70 signaling pathway. MHC staining was performed to assess myoblast differentiation. Differentiation-related MHC, Myod, and Myog protein levels, and atrophy-related MuRF1 and atrogin-1 were explored by western blot. An LPS-induced muscle atrophy rat model was developed. RT-PCR was conducted to analyze miR-1290 serum levels in muscle atrophy patients and normal controls (NCs).

Results
The miR-1290 transfection increased MHC-positive cells and MHC, Myod, and Myog protein levels in the miR-1290 transfection group, demonstrating that miR-1290 promoted C2C12 myoblast differentiation. Myotube diameter in the miR-1290 transfection group was higher than in the TNF-α-induced model group. Western blot analysis showed decreased MuRF1 and atrogin-1 levels in the miR-1290 transfection group compared with the model group, demonstrating that miR-1290 protected against myoblast cellular atrophy. Luciferase assay and western blot analysis showed that miR-1290 regulation was likely caused by AKT/p70/FOXO3 phosphorylation activation. In the LPS-induced muscle atrophy rat model, miR-1290 mimics ameliorated gastrocnemius muscle loss and increased muscle fiber cross-sectional area. Clinically, miR-1290 serum level was significantly decreased in muscle atrophy patients.

Conclusions
We found that miR-1290 enhances myoblast differentiation and inhibits myotube atrophy through Akt/p70/FoxO3 signaling in vitro and in vivo. In addition, miR-1290 may be a potential therapeutic target for sarcopenia treatment.