bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The comprehensive changes in soil properties are continuous cropping obstacles associated with American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) cultivation
Authors: Li Chongwei , Chen Guozhong , Zhang Jianlong , Zhu Ping , Bai Xinfu , Hou Yuping , Zhang Xingxiao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis study aims to verify the time-variant feature of American ginseng (AG) continuous cropping obstacles and to explore the factors impeding continuous cropping. We verified the feature with a plant-soil feedback pot experiment and then investigated the factors by comparing the properties of control soils that had not been previously used for growing ginseng (CS) with those of soils with a 10-year-crop-rotation cycle following the growth of AG (RS). It’s found that the survival rate of AG in RS was lower than that in CS. The RS had lower pH, available potassium content, and urease activity. Additionally, p-coumaric, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, caffeic, and cinnamic acid levels were lower in RS than in CS, but salicylic acid levels showed the opposite pattern. RS had higher Rhodanobacter and lower Acidothermus, Sphingomonas relative abundances in bacterial community. It’s also found that many bacteria were substantially correlated with phenolic acids and soil physiochemical properties. Results indicate that even after 10-year crop rotation, the negative effects of prior continuous cropping of AG has not been eliminated. The growth of AG can be affected negatively with deterioration of soil physicochemical properties and with lower levels of phenolic acids which promote pathogen reproduction. Probiotics reduction also weighs. Moreover, biotic factors are interrelated with abiotic ones. Therefore, it can be inferred that the comprehensive change of soil properties is the main obstacle for continuous cropping.
Polyphenolic and molecular variation in Thymus species using HPLC and SRAP analyses
Authors: Sarfaraz Danial , Rahimmalek Mehdi , Saeidi Ghodratollah 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIn the present research, inter and intra genetic variability of 77 accessions belonging to 11 Thymus species were assessed using eight SRAP primer combinations. High polymorphism (98.3%) was observed in the studied species. The cluster analysis classified Thymus species into five main groups. According to molecular variance (AMOVA) analysis, 63.14% of total genetic variation was obtained within the species, while 36.86% of variation was observed among species. STRUCTURE analysis was also performed to estimate the admixture of species. For instance, T. carmanicus and T. transcaspicus revealed high admixtures. HPLC analysis also demonstrated the presence of rosmarinic acid (32.3–150.7 mg/100 g DW), salvianolic acid (8–90 mg/100 g DW), and cinnamic acid (1.7–32.3 mg/100 g DW) as major phenolic acids, as well as apigenin, epicatechin, and naringenin as the major flavonoids. The highest phenolic and flavonoid contents were detected in T. transcaspicus (37.62 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) g−1 DW) and T. vulgaris (8.72 mg quercetin equivalents (QE) g−1 DW), respectively. The antioxidant properties and total phenolic of Thymus species were examined using DPPH and β-carotene-linoleic acid model systems and consequently T. vulgaris and T. pubescens were detected with the highest and the lowest antioxidant activities respectively. Cluster and principal Components Analysis (PCA) of the components classified the species in to three groups. Finally, similarity within some species was observed comparing molecular and phytochemical markers. For instance, T. vulgaris separated from other species according to major polyphenolic profiles and molecular analyses, as well as T. transcaspicus, T. carmanicus, and T. fedtschenkoi that were clustered in the same groups.
Clinical significance of Annexin A2 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its influence on cell proliferation, migration and invasion
Authors: Ma Yingyi , Wang Haiye 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant epithelial neoplasm of the head and neck, with poorer prognosis. There is lack of specific targets for diagnosis and treatment of OSCC at present. Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is involved in cell angiogenesis, invasion, proliferation and metastasis. In this study, the significance and effect of ANXA2 on OSCC and OSCC cells were explored from the clinical and basic study. First, ANXA2 expression in OSCC tissues and adjacent non-cancer tissues of 124 patients were detected, and the correlation between ANXA2 expression and clinical parameters were analyzed. The results found that ANXA2 was highly expressed in OSCC tissues, and was associated with the TNM stage, tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and poor survival of OSCC patients. The expression of ANXA2 in OSCC cells were higher than the normal oral cells. And knockdown of ANXA2 by transfecting ANXA2-siRNA could suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities of OSCC cells. Overall, ANXA2 expression is correlated with poor survival of OSCC patients, and silencing of ANXA2 suppress the proliferation, migration and invasion of OSCC cells.
Combined LC–MS/MS and 16S rDNA analysis on mice under high temperature and humidity and Herb Yinchen protection mechanism
Authors: Wang Yao , Chen Jiayi , Tang Jianbang , Xiao Jiedong , Zheng Yuhua , Tang Liting , Luo Huanhuan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWith increased global warming, the impact of high temperature and humidity (HTH) on human health is increasing. Traditional Chinese medicine describes the Herb Yinchen as a remedy for reducing heat and eliminating dampness. This study focused on the impact of HTH conditions on mice and the potential protective effect of Herb Yinchen. Five male Balb/c mouse groups included two normal control groups, two HTH-exposed groups, and one Yinchen-treated group. For either three or ten days, normal and HTH-exposed mice were housed under normal or HTH (33 ± 2 °C,85% relative humidity) conditions, respectively. Yinchen-treated mice, housed under HTH conditions, received the Herb Yinchen decoction for three days. Metabolite profiles of plasma and liver samples from each group were analyzed using LC–MS/MS. Fecal DNA was extracted for 16S rDNA analysis to evaluate the intestinal microbiome. Spearman correlation analysis was performed on metabolites, bacteria, and bile acids that differed between the groups. We found that HTH altered the host metabolite profiles and reduced microbial diversity, causing intestinal microbiome imbalance. Interestingly, Herb Yinchen treatment improved HTH-mediated changes of the metabolite profiles and the intestinal microbiome, restoring them to values observed in normal controls. In conclusion, our study reveals that HTH causes intestinal bacterial disturbances and metabolic disorders in normal mice, while Herb Yinchen could afford protection against such changes.
Predicting Communicative Participation in Adults Across Communication Disorders
Authors: Jin Jingyu Linna , Baylor Carolyn , Yorkston Kathryn 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore the extent to which communicative participation differs across diagnoses and if there are common predictor variables for communicative participation across diagnoses.

Method
Survey data on self-report variables including communicative participation were collected from 141 community-dwelling adults with communication disorders due to Parkinson's disease, cerebrovascular accident, spasmodic dysphonia, or vocal fold immobility (VFI). Analysis of covariance was used to determine communicative participation differences between diagnoses, with age, sex, and hearing status as covariates. Sequential entry linear regression was used to examine associations between communicative participation and variables representing a range of psychosocial constructs across diagnoses.

Results
The VFI group had the least favorable communicative participation differing significantly from Parkinson's disease and spasmodic dysphonia groups. Self-rated speech/voice severity, self-rated effort, mental health, perceived social support, and resilience contributed to variance in communicative participation when pooled across diagnoses. The relationship between communicative participation and the variables of effort and resilience differed significantly when diagnosis was considered.

Conclusions
The findings suggest that communicative participation restrictions may vary across some diagnoses but not others. People with VFI appear to differ from other diagnosis groups in the extent of participation restrictions. Effort and resilience may play different roles in contributing to communicative participation in different disorders, but constructs such as social support, severity, and mental health appear to have consistent relationships with communicative participation across diagnoses. The findings can help clinicians identify psychosocial factors beyond the impairment that impact clients' communication in daily situations.
English and Spanish Predictors of Grade 3 Reading Comprehension in Bilingual Children
Authors:   Language and Reading Research Consortium (LARRC) María Adelaida Restrepo Kate Cain Carol Mesa Gloria Yeomans-Maldonado, Mesa Carol , Yeomans-Maldonado Gloria 
Published: March 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the kindergarten, first-, and second-grade predictors of reading comprehension in bilingual children. Specifically, we evaluated the role that Spanish and English skills play in predicting English reading comprehension in third grade.

Method
As part of a longitudinal study, 248 bilingual children were followed from prekindergarten to third grade. Participants completed Spanish and English measures in the spring of each academic year. We reported results on measures of oral language, memory, and literacy skills that were 1administered in kindergarten, first, second, and third grade.

Results
Analysis under the structural equation modeling framework indicated that English oral language and word reading are the strongest predictors of English reading comprehension in third grade. Furthermore, results supported previous evidence indicating that Spanish language skills make significant direct and indirect contributions to the English oral language and word reading skills that predict reading comprehension.

Discussion
This study provides a comprehensive view of the language resources that Spanish–English bilinguals use for reading comprehension. In light of previous evidence, we discuss our findings and offer theoretical and practical implications.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14083373
Performance evaluation of deep neural networks for forecasting time‐series with multiple structural breaks and high volatility
Authors: Kaushik Rohit , Jain Shikhar , Jain Siddhant , Dash Tirtharaj 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe problem of automatic and accurate forecasting of time‐series data has always been an interesting challenge for the machine learning and forecasting community. A majority of the real‐world time‐series problems have non‐stationary characteristics that make the understanding of trend and seasonality difficult. The applicability of the popular deep neural networks (DNNs) as function approximators for non‐stationary TSF is studied. The following DNN models are evaluated: Multi‐layer Perceptron (MLP), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and RNN with Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM‐RNN) and RNN with Gated‐Recurrent Unit (GRU‐RNN). These DNN methods have been evaluated over 10 popular Indian financial stocks data. Further, the performance evaluation of these DNNs has been carried out in multiple independent runs for two settings of forecasting: (1) single‐step forecasting, and (2) multi‐step forecasting. These DNN methods show convincing performance for single‐step forecasting (one‐day ahead forecast). For the multi‐step forecasting (multiple days ahead forecast), the methods for different forecast periods are evaluated. The performance of these methods demonstrates that long forecast periods have an adverse effect on performance.
TWE‐WSD: An effective topical word embedding based word sense disambiguation
Authors: Jia Lianyin , Tang Jilin , Li Mengjuan , You Jinguo , Ding Jiaman , Chen Yinong 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWord embedding has been widely used in word sense disambiguation (WSD) and many other tasks in recent years for it can well represent the semantics of words. However, the existing word embedding methods mostly represent each word as a single vector, without considering the homonymy and polysemy of the word; thus, their performances are limited. In order to address this problem, an effective topical word embedding (TWE)‐based WSD method, named TWE‐WSD, is proposed, which integrates Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and word embedding. Instead of generating a single word vector (WV) for each word, TWE‐WSD generates a topical WV for each word under each topic. Effective integrating strategies are designed to obtain high quality contextual vectors. Extensive experiments on SemEval‐2013 and SemEval‐2015 for English all‐words tasks showed that TWE‐WSD outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art WSD methods, especially on nouns.
Head‐related transfer function–reserved time‐frequency masking for robust binaural sound source localization
Authors: Liu Hong , Yuan Peipei , Yang Bing , Yang Ge , Chen Yang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractVarious time‐frequency (T‐F) masks are being applied to sound source localization tasks. Moreover, deep learning has dramatically advanced T‐F mask estimation. However, existing masks are usually designed for speech separation tasks and are suitable only for single‐channel signals. A novel complex‐valued T‐F mask is proposed that reserves the head‐related transfer function (HRTF), customized for binaural sound source localization. In addition, because the convolutional neural network that is exploited to estimate the proposed mask takes binaural spectral information as the input and output, accurate binaural cues can be preserved. Compared with conventional T‐F masks that emphasize single speech source–dominated T‐F units, HRTF‐reserved masks eliminate the speech component while keeping the direct propagation path. Thus, the estimated HRTF is capable of extracting more reliable localization features for the final direction of arrival estimation. Hence, binaural sound source localization guided by the proposed T‐F mask is robust under noisy and reverberant acoustic environments. The experimental results demonstrate that the new T‐F mask is superior to conventional T‐F masks and lead to the better performance of sound source localization in adverse environments.
Optimized viewport‐adaptive 360‐degree video streaming
Authors: Chen Xiaolei , Wu Di , Ahmad Ishfaq 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBecause of the rapid growth of head‐mounted displays and 5G networking deployment, 360‐degree video has become increasingly popular. To generate the real experience of a virtual environment, 360‐degree videos require an ultrahigh resolution and frame rate to cover an omnidirectional view. These two prerequisites impose challenges for the transmission bandwidth and storage capacity of 360‐degree video streaming. To reduce bandwidth and storage waste while providing a good immersive experience, we propose an optimized viewport‐adaptive 360‐degree video streaming method using high‐efficiency video coding tiling, motion‐constrained tile sets and MPEG dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP spatial relationship description. The paper describes the rigorous design of the optimized system, which can assign different bitrates to different tiles in the viewport. The experimental results show that the proposed streaming system compares favourably with existing methods in terms of bitrate savings and storage capacity reduction.
Relating brain structure images to personality characteristics using 3D convolution neural network
Authors: Cao Lixian , Liang Yanchun , Lv Wei , Park Kaechang , Miura Yasuhiro , Shinomiya Yuki , Yoshida Shinichi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe Keras deep learning framework is employed to study MRI brain data in a preliminary analysis of brain structure using a convolutional neural network. The results obtained are matched with the content of personality questionnaires. The Big Five personality traits provide easy differentiation for dividing personalities into different groups. Until now, the highest accuracy obtained from the results of personality prediction from the analysis of brain structure is about 70%. Although there is still no effective evidence to prove a clear relationship between brain structure and personality, the obtained results could prove helpful in understanding the basic relationship between brain structure and personality characteristics.
On the perspective of grid architecture model with high TSO‐DSO interaction
Authors: Betancourt‐Paulino Pedro , Chamorro Harold R. , Soleimani Milad , Gonzalez‐Longatt Francisco , Sood Vijay K. , Martinez Wilmar 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe conventional structure of operating transmission and distribution systems is currently experiencing new challenges in maintaining the system operability with the significant changes such renewable energy sources inclusion, technology development, infrastructure revolution, and services provision. A futuristic operation management paradigm at the high level of interaction between Transmission System Operators (TSOs) and Distribution System Operators (DSOs) is presented that supports the usage of flexibility services to simplify the congestion management, and ancillary services procurement by involving the DSO actively in the DSO‐TSO boundaries and the downstream network. The architecture considers new actors such as Distributed Services Aggregator, Prosumers, and Services Market Operators. A comparison between the typical grid structure (including the short‐term smart grid requirements) and the proposed one is presented considering different actors and interactions involved in the operation management of the grid. The opportunities and challenges of the proposed architecture are discussed.
Optimal integration of interconnected water and electricity networks
Authors: Alhazmi Mohannad , Dehghanian Payman 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWith the widespread deployment of advanced heterogeneous technologies and growing complexity in our modern society, there is an increasing demand for risk‐aware management and joint operation of interconnected infrastructures and lifeline networks. The coordination between Power and Water Networks (PWNs) is urgently needed as water networks are one of the most energyintensive critical infrastructures. This paper proposes a framework for day‐ahead operation optimization and coordination of the interconnected Joint Power and Water Networks (JPWNs). Unlike the state‐of‐the‐art where PWNs are individually operated in their respective domains, we present an integrated framework for PWNs that conjoins the Optimal Power Flow (OPF) mechanisms in power grids with innovative operation models of the water networks. Piece‐wise linearization is applied to the nonlinear hydraulic operating constraints to convert the proposed optimization model into a mixed‐integer linear programming (MILP) formulation. The suggested framework is applied to a 15‐node water network jointly operated with the IEEE 9‐bus and IEEE 57‐bus test power systems. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed framework, resulting in cost reduction and energy‐saving when both systems’ operation is jointly optimized. The results show that the proposed methodology is scalable and computationally‐efficient when applied to larger‐scale systems.
High voltage power transformer condition assessment considering the health index value and its decreasing rate
Authors: Tamma Winanda Riga , Prasojo Rahman Azis , Suwarno  
Published: March 2021

AbstractA health index method is a useful tool for the transformer assessment condition. This method has been used in several previous studies. However, most of them have not observed the health index decreasing rate as an aspect to improve the transformer condition assessment. A health index method with different approaches is proposed, considering the values and decreasing rate to assess the transformer condition. Inspection data from in‐service and out‐of‐service 150 kV power transformers provided by the Indonesian electric company are included. The correlation between operating age and Health Index value and Health Index decreasing rate was also observed. With increasing operation age, the Health Index value tends to decrease with a correlation coefficient R
2 of 0.631. Further analysis was conducted to power transformers with historical data of 3 years or more, which showed that the tendency of the Health Index value decreasing rate is higher with older transformers. This paper also illustrates the Health Index analysis of 35 out‐of‐service transformers, resulting in a more suitable Health Index value compared to the previous approach. This study proposes the transformer risk assessment based on its health index value and the decreasing rate.
Propagation and localisation of partial discharge in transformer bushing based on ultra‐high frequency technique
Authors: Jiang Jun , Chen Judong , Li Jiansheng , Yang Xiaoping , Albarracín‐Sánchez Ricardo , Ranjan Prem , Zhang Chaohai 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAs an essential component of power transformers, the detection and diagnosis of incipient partial discharge (PD) activities of bushings are of great significance. A 35‐kV oil‐impregnated paper (OIP) bushing is investigated. The bushing is modelled by coaxial theory and electromagnetic (EM) simulation. As the paths of PD‐induced ultra‐high frequency (UHF) signal propagating in the bushing are OIPs and oil gap, small attenuation during signal propagation is seen. Since OIP is composed of heterogeneous media compared with pure oil, there will be relatively less UHF signal leakage from OIPs, whereas more leakage from the oil gap. This leakage provides the possibility of non‐contact detection outside the bushing by UHF method. PD measurements with UHF method are carried out on the bushing. Then, the minimum energy method is used to extract time‐difference‐of‐arrival (TDOA), and Chan algorithm is adopted to locate points of UHF signal radiation. High accuracy locating with a small error of 15 cm has been achieved. The contactless UHF method‐based tests have demonstrated the effectiveness of online monitoring and locating of bushing PD.