bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preeclampsia and Gestational Hypertension: Biochemical and Antioxidant Features in Vitro Might Help Understand Different Outcomes
Authors: Galvão Victoria Elizabeth , Cavalli Ricardo Carvalho , Sandrim Valeria Cristina 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective Gestational hypertension (GH) is characterized by increased blood pressure after the 20th gestational week; the presence of proteinuria and/or signs of end-organ damage indicate preeclampsia (PE). Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an antioxidant enzyme with an important role in maintaining endothelial function, and induction of HO-1 by certain molecules shows potential in attenuating the condition's effects over endothelial tissue. HO-1 production can also be stimulated by potassium iodide (KI). Therefore, we evaluated the effects of KI over HO-1 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) incubated with plasma from women diagnosed with GH or PE.
Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated with a pool of plasma of healthy pregnant women (n = 12), pregnant women diagnosed with GH (n = 10) or preeclamptic women (n = 11) with or without the addition of KI for 24 hours to evaluate its effect on this enzyme expression. Analysis of variance was performed followed by Dunnet's test for multiple comparisons between groups only or between groups with addition of KI (p ≤ 0.05).
Results KI solution (1,000 µM) reduced HO-1 in the gestational hypertension group (p = 0.0018) and cytotoxicity in the preeclamptic group (p = 0.0143); treatment with KI reduced plasma cytotoxicity but did not affect the preeclamptic group's HO-1 expression.
Conclusion Our findings suggest that KI alleviates oxidative stress leading to decreased HO-1 expression; plasma from preeclamptic women did not induce the enzyme's expression in HUVECs, and we hypothesize that this is possibly due to inhibitory post-transcriptional mechanisms in response to overexpression of this enzyme during early pregnancy.
Diagnosing Septate Uterus Using Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Using Three Different Classifications: An Interobserver and Intraobserver Agreement Study
Authors: Peixoto Carla , Castro Maite , Carriles Isabel , Arriba Maria de , Lapresa Victoria , Alcazar Juan Luis 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Objective Currently, there are up to three different classifications for diagnosing septate uterus. The interobserver agreement among them has been poorly assessed.
Objective To assess the interobserver agreement of nonexpert sonographers for classifying septate uterus using the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology/European Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy (ESHRE/ESGE), American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM), and Congenital Uterine Malformations by Experts (CUME) classifications.
Methods A total of 50 three-dimensional (3D) volumes of a nonconsecutive series of women with suspected uterine malformation were used. Two nonexpert examiners evaluated a single 3D volume of the uterus of each woman, blinded to each other. The following measurements were performed: indentation depth, indentation angle, uterine fundal wall thickness, external fundal indentation, and indentation-to-wall-thickness (I:WT) ratio. Each observer had to assign a diagnosis in each case, according to the three classification systems (ESHRE/ESGE, ASRM, and CUME). The interobserver agreement regarding the ESHRE/ESGE, ASRM, and CUME classifications was assessed using the Cohen weighted kappa index (k). Agreement regarding the three classifications (ASRM versus ESHRE/ESGE, ASRM versus CUME, ESHRE/ESGE versus CUME) was also assessed.
Results The interobserver agreement between the 2 nonexpert examiners was good for the ESHRE/ESGE (k = 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.55–0.92) and very good for the ASRM and CUME classification systems (k = 0.95; 95%CI: 0.86–1.00; and k = 0.91; 95%CI: 0.79–1.00, respectively). Agreement between the ESHRE/ESGE and ASRM classifications was moderate for both examiners. Agreement between the ESHRE/ESGE and CUME classifications was moderate for examiner 1 and good for examiner 2. Agreement between the ASRM and CUME classifications was good for both examiners.
Conclusion The three classifications have good (ESHRE/ESGE) or very good (ASRM and CUME) interobserver agreement. Agreement between the ASRM and CUME classifications was higher than that for the ESHRE/ESGE and ASRM and ESHRE/ESGE and CUME classifications.
Numerical modeling of laboratory-scale asteroid impact based on elastoplastic flow model and CESE method
Authors: Yang Duoxing 
Published: December 2021

Asteroid impacts are destructive and low-probability threats to the Earth. The numerical simulation is considered an applicable analysis tool in asteroid deflection programs. As a novel shock-capturing strategy, the space–time conservation element and solution element (CESE) method can reliably predict shock waves and mechanical behaviors under high pressure and large strain conditions. In this paper, based on an elastoplastic flow model and an updated CESE scheme, the laboratory-scale iron asteroid impacts are modeled numerically, and the multi-material boundary treatment and the interface tracing strategy are introduced. Under hypervelocity impacts of the projectile to the iron asteroid target, the construction and realization of morphologies of impact craters and the implantation of projectile material into the target are numerically calculated. Numerical results show that the crater diameter and depth increase with increasing impact velocity and with increasing temperature, which softens the target. Computational results are compared with experimental observations available in the open literature, and good agreement is found. Therefore, the CESE method is successfully extended for capturing the key features of laboratory-scale hypervelocity asteroid impacts.
Development of a multi-functional multi-probe atomic force microscope system with optical beam deflection method
Authors: Li Peng , Shao Yongjian , Xu Ke , Qiu Xiaohui 
Published: December 2021

We developed a multi-probe atomic force microscope (MP-AFM) system with up to four probes and realized various functions such as topography mapping, probing electrical property, and local temperature measurement. Each probe mounted on the corresponding probe scanner was controlled independently, and the system employed the optical beam deflection method to measure the deflection of each cantilever. A high-performance MP-AFM system with a compact optical design and rigid actuators was finally established. We demonstrated AFM high-resolution imaging in air and performed four-probe imaging in parallel and multi-functional characterization with the MP-AFM system.
Spinal cord representation of motor cortex plasticity reflects corticospinal tract LTP
Authors: Amer Alzahraa , Xia Jianxun , Smith Michael , Martin John H. 
Published: December 2021

Significance
The motor cortex (MCX) and corticospinal tract are necessary for producing skilled movements. Whereas much is known about MCX plasticity and its role in acquiring and maintaining motor skills, much less is known about spinal circuit contributions. We investigate a spinal locus for corticospinal tract plasticity in anesthetized rats. We identify long-term potentiation (LTP) of the corticospinal tract monosynaptic excitatory synapse with spinal interneurons, as well as LTP of an oligosynaptic response in the wrist motor pool. Our findings are important for understanding the key structures for motor learning and motor recovery after injury and suggest that spinal circuits, which implement supraspinal control signals for muscle contraction, are capable of further modifying MCX actions in an activity-dependent manner.
Review of the gas breakdown physics and nanomaterial-based ionization gas sensors and their applications
Authors: Kim June Young , Kaganovich Igor , Lee Hyo-Chang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Ionization gas sensors are ubiquitous tools that can monitor desired gases or detect abnormalities in real time to protect the environment of living organisms or to maintain clean and/or safe environment in industries. The sensors’ working principle is based on the fingerprinting of the breakdown voltage of one or more target gases using nanostructured materials. Fundamentally, nanomaterial-based ionization-gas sensors operate within a large framework of gas breakdown physics; signifying that an overall understanding of the gas breakdown mechanism is a crucial factor in the technological development of ionization gas sensors. Moreover, many studies have revealed that physical properties of nanomaterials play decisive roles in the gas breakdown physics and the performance of plasma-based gas sensors. Based on this insight, this review provides a comprehensive description of the foundation of both the gas breakdown physics and the nanomaterial-based ionization-gas-sensor technology, as well as introduces research trends on nanomaterial-based ionization gas sensors. The gas breakdown is reviewed, including the classical Townsend discharge theory and modified Paschen curves; and nanomaterial-based-electrodes proposed to improve the performance of ionization gas sensors are introduced. The secondary electron emission at the electrode surface is the key plasma–surface process that affects the performance of ionization gas sensors. Finally, we present our perspectives on possible future directions.
A classical density functional approach to depletion interaction of Lennard-Jones binary mixtures
Authors: Chen Yue , Chen Wei , Chen Xiaosong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this article, we apply classical density functional theory to investigate the characteristics of depletion interaction in Lennard-Jones (LJ) binary fluid mixtures. First, to confirm the validity of our adopted density functional formalism, we calculate the radial distribution functions using a theoretical approach and compare them with results obtained by molecular dynamics simulation. Then, this approach is applied to two colloids immersed in LJ solvent systems. We investigate the variation of depletion interaction with respect to the distance of two colloids in LJ binary systems. We find that depletion interaction may be attractive or repulsive, mostly depending on the bulk density of the solvent and the temperature of the binary system. For high bulk densities, the repulsive barrier of depletion force is remarkable when the total excluded volume of colloids touches each other and reaches a maximum. The height of the repulsive barrier is related to the parameters of the LJ potential and bulk density. Moreover, the depletion force may exhibit attractive wells if the bulk density of the solvent is low. The attractive well tends to appear when the surface–surface distance of colloids is half of the size of the polymer and deepens with temperature lowering in a fixed bulk density. In contrast with the hard-sphere system, no oscillation of depletion potential around zero is observed.
A 4.32-ps precision Time-to-Digital Convertor using multisampling wave union method on a 28-nm FPGA
Authors: Deng X. , Chen Q. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a fully implemented field programmable gate
array (FPGA) based time-to-digital converter (TDC) using
multisampling wave union method (MSWU) is proposed to get higher
measurement precision with lower resource utilization. Different
from the previously published works based on wave union methods, an
inverter-chain-based wave launcher is introduced to generate more
low-jitter edges in the same operation range. Meanwhile, a new
de-bubble solution combining with offline bin alignment and online
bin sorting is applied to eliminate severe bubbles in FPGAs of
advanced manufacturing technologies. The proposed TDCs are verified
on a Virtex-7 (28 nm) of FPGA development board VC707. According to
test results, the average measurement precision and mean resolution
reach 4.32 ps and 0.82 ps, respectively with [-0.98;3.43] LSB
DNL and [-6.06;34.1] LSB INL. A complete TDC channel only uses 831
D-type flip-flops (DFFs), 1305 look-up tables (LUTs) and 6 block
random access memories (BRAMs) of 36k bits.
Characteristic properties of Planacon MCP-PMTs
Authors: Melikyan Y.A. , Slupecki M. , Bearden I.G. , Crowley J.R. , Finogeev D.A. , Garcia-Solis E.J. , Guard A.E. , Harton A.V. , Kaplin V.A. , Karavicheva T.L. , Klay J.L. , Morgan I. , Morozov I.V. , Serebryakov D.V. , Stempek R. , Trzaska W.H. , Vozniuk N.O. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A systematic investigation of Planacon MCP-PMTs was performed using 64 XP85002/ FIT-Q photosensors. These devices are equipped with microchannel plates of reduced resistance. Results of a study of their gain stability over time and saturation level in terms of the average anode current are presented. This information allows one to determine the lower limit of the MCP resistance for stable Planacon operation. The spread of the electron multiplication characteristics for the entire production batch is also presented, indicating the remarkably low voltage requirements of these MCP-PMTs. Detection efficiency and noise characteristics, such as dark count rate and afterpulsing level, are also reviewed.
A 500 MS/s waveform digitizer for PandaX dark matter experiments
Authors: He C. , Liu J. , Ren X. , Shang X. , Wei X. , Wang M. , Yang J. , Yang J. , Yang Y. , Zhang G. , Zheng Q. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Waveform digitizers are key readout instruments in particle physics
experiments. In this paper, we present a waveform digitizer for the
PandaX dark matter experiments. It supports both
external-trigger readout and triggerless readout, accommodating the
needs of low rate full-waveform readout and channel-independent low
threshold acquisition, respectively. This digitizer is a 8-channel
VME board with a sampling rate of 500 MS/s and 14-bit resolution for
each channel. A digitizer system consisting of 72 channels has been
tested in situ of the PandaX-4T experiment. We report the system
performance with real data.
Assessment of Plant Biodiversity around the Tobolsk Industrial Site
Authors: Kharitontcev B , Popova E 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of comprehensive studies of the plant biodiversity near the industrial zone of the city of Tobolsk, Tyumen Oblast, Russia. Nine species of formation communities were identified: Abies sibirica Ledeb, Pineta (sylvestris), Betuleta (pendula), Betuleta (pubescens), Tilieta (cordata), Populeta (tremula), Saliceta, Prata, Emersiherbosa. Also, eleven associations were identified for the studied communities: fir forest with sedges, linden and birch; mixed small-leaved dark coniferous forest with sedges; low-shrub sphagnum pine forest; steppe birch forest; swampy low-shrub sphagnum birch forest; swampy reedgrass birch forest; linden-birch forest; cereal-horsetail-fern aspen forest; aspen forest with grass layer; aspen forest mixed with birch and sedges; mixed birch-aspen forb forest; maturing aspen-birch forest with hygrophilous grasses.
A spatial ecological analysis of the reintroduction of the Eurasian beaver
Authors: Yu Junshuang , Dennis Matthew 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
As ‘nature’s ecological engineers’ beavers can intentionally modify their habitat by building structures. This ability can have wider environmental benefits, including benefits for other habitats and species. However, this ability to modify the environment can sometimes be destructive, bringing beavers into conflict with land managers and others. To understand the complex connections between Eurasian beavers and ecosystems, this study was based on R language analysis tool that used land cover types, river network distribution and observational record studies of Eurasian beavers to find their most preferred environmental resources and potential habitats. The results found that reintroduced Eurasian beavers have a high potential for settlement and dispersal in restored areas.
Urban soils: the results of the study of the territory of the city of Ekaterinburg
Authors: Mezenina O , Mihailova A , Kuzmina M , Grigorieva A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this article, we will consider the interesting, in our opinion, presented data of practitioners and scientists in terms of studying the formation and composition of urban soils, which is the most objective and stable indicator of man-made pollution, it clearly reflects the spread of pollutants and their actual distribution in the components of the urban environment. In this article, we have only shown the results of the analysis of the soils of g.For the period of the last 10 years, it is possible that for conclusions about the impact of the existing situation of the city territory on the entire environment, a more complete study of not only the chemical composition of soils, but also the impact of the economic mechanism of land management on the state of the city is necessary, the authors have not yet set themselves such a task.
Intraspecific Divergence of the Colorado Beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineataSay (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) on the Territory of the USSR and Russia
Authors: Fasulati S , Ivanova O , Rubtsova L 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of more than 40 years of research on the intraspecific variability and divergent microevolution of the Colorado Potato Beetle (CPB) during its expansion in the USSR and Russia. In this part of the species secondary area, 9 of its allopatric forms were mapped at the level of races (ecotypes), including 2 new ecotypes - northern and Azerbaijani, were identified in the last 5 years. To indicate ecotypes in the CPB area, the methods of classical population phenetics are applied. Ecotypes of the pest were formed in various potato-growing agro-climatic zones and differ in the individuals occurrence frequency with 9 types (morphs) of the imago pronotum pattern. Long-term changes in the phenetic structure of individual pest ecotypes over a period of 30-40 years were revealed. This indicates the continuation of microevolutionary processes in the CPB within the realized area due to the instability of the ecological situation in the agroecosystems. Under these conditions, the main inducers of divergent processes in pest populations are the agricultural production factors - for example, the resistant potato varieties such as Peterburgskiy, Ryabinushka, Sudaryinya and others.
Influence of diesel fuel on the composition and content of free amino acids in the green alga Acrosiphonia arcta
Authors: Klindukh M , Dobychina E , Makarov M , Ryzhik I 
Published: December 2021

AbstractArctic ecosystems are the most sensitive and vulnerable to anthropogenic impact, namely, the influence of petroleum products. The aim is to identify the effect of diesel fuel (DF) on the composition of free amino acids (FAA) in Acrosiphonia arcta in Barents Sea. The impact of DF concentrations of 20 - 3000 maximal permitted concentration (MPC) was analyzed. It was found that A. arcta contains 20 amino acids, 16 of which are proteinogenic and 8 are essential. The composition of the FAA pool did not change under the influence of DF, but the content of individual FAA and their total amount differed. The ratio of the dominant amino acids changes: at concentrations of DF up to 1000 MPC content of proline increased, and decreased at higher concentrations of DF. Under the influence of DF in concentration of 3000 MPC, taurine content significant increased. The least negative effect was exerted under the influence of DF concentration of 20 MPC, more significant - at the concentration more than 1000 MPC. Changes in the content of FAA are probably associated with the redirection of the synthesis pathways of amino acid groups, as well as the inhibitory effect of the toxicant on protein synthesis.
Production leptospirosis vaccine with included strain of Leptospira interrogans of serogroup Canicola
Authors: Urban G , Krotova O.Y. , Savenkov K. C. , Chernyshkov A , Savenkova M. N. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The leptospirosis vaccine is the main method of preventing the occurrence and spread of leptospirosis. Compliance with the standards of manufacturing, labeling, and storage is mandatory for immunological preparations. All stages of vaccine production must comply with the rules established by the Ministry of Industry and Trade and ensure its safety for humans. The article presents epidemiological data on leptospirosis in the Russian Federation in the period from 2013 to 2018. A method for producing a vaccine against human leptospirosis is described. The leptospirosis vaccine is polyvalent using membrane technologies and semi-synthetic culture media. It eliminates the use of foreign protein and does not require cleaning. The vaccine is an opalescent liquid with sediment and a pH of 7.2-7.6 and it is not allowed to contain live leptospira. Four strains are used and a new strain has been developed and implemented. Vaccination is carried out according to epidemiological indicators. Leptospirosis suspension forms specific immunity for 1 year. During the production of the updated vaccine, it was necessary to study the virulent properties of the strains. Moreover, analyze the formation of specific antibodies to leptospira in the new vaccine and in the vaccine currently used. From 2018 to 2020, 5 series of experimental vaccines in the form of a 0.5 ml suspension were produced.
Acute toxic effects of uranium on two aquatic organisms, Zebrafish (Brachydanio rerio) and Ostracod (Cypridopsis vidua)
Authors: Chen Liang , Huo Zheng , Zhou Xiafei , Niu Baiqiang , Zhang Wenting , Tang ZhenPing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we concentrate on the acute toxic effects of uranium on two aquatic organisms, Brachydanio rerio (B. rerio) and Cypridopsis vidua (C. vidua). We found that the toxicity of uranium on C. vidua was significantly greater than that of B. rerio. The results show that C. vidua has a higher sensitivity to uranium, even better than the commonly used test model organisms. In addition to its high sensitivity, C. vidua is a simple and cost-effective toxicological test organism. Therefore, C. vidua is an attractive alternative biological detection material. The acute toxicity results of the test are valuable for establishing water quality standards and protecting human health. At the same time, it enriches the relevant data of uranium on biological toxicity, provides clues for the study of the mechanism of toxicity, and deepens the understanding of the harm of uranium pollution to aquatic ecosystems.
Organic matter of sod-podzolic soil after transition to a fallow state
Authors: Borisov B A , Efimov O E , Eliseeva O V , Tarazanova T V , Prokhorov A A 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Soil plays a crucial role in carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. It is known that the strengthening of carbon sequestration processes occurs with a decrease in the intensity of soil treatments. The study of changes in organic matter and physical properties of sod-podzolic soil 16 years after the transition from arable soils to a fallow state against the background of weak water erosion was carried out. A significant increase in the content and reserves of total carbon in fallow soil compared to arable soil was found, mainly due to carbon of the light fraction. On arable soil, the content of the light fraction in the lower part of the field was significantly higher than in the upper part, due to the washing away of light particles as a result of erosion, these differences were smoothed out on fallow soil. There are no significant changes in the density, density of the solid phase and total porosity in fallow soil at this stage of succession, compared with arable soil. In fallow soil, the content of macro-aggregates (including water-bearing ones) was noticeably higher, and the share of micro-aggregates was lower than in arable soil.