bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DEKONSTRUKSI ASAS LEGALITAS DALAM HUKUM PIDANA
Authors: Sudibyo Ateng , Rahman Aji Halim 
Published: April 2021

Asas legalitas sering dilihat sebagai ketentuan yang secara absolut dianggap benar sehingga secara formil pasti telah mewakili rasa keadilan masyarakat. Oleh sebab itu, ketentuan-ketentuan dalam undang-undang harus ditegakkan bagaimanapun caranya dan mesti diperlakukan sebagai representasi dari nilai-nilai keadilan. Konsekuensi dari pola pikir dan paradigma seperti ini tentu saja adalah persepsi yang berlebihan dengan menganggap bahwa hukum adalah undang-undang dan undang-undang sama dengan hukum. Paradigma formalistik dalam melihat hukum ini telah berakibat semakin sulitnya menemukan keadilan sejati. Yang ada adalah keadilan yang formal, sempit dan kaku, yakni keadilan yang tidak mewakili semua hak dan kepentingan, baik hak korban, pelaku, negara, dan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu muncul berbagai wacana untuk menggali Asas Legalitas yang dapat mewakili norma hukum yang hidup dan berkembang dalam masyarakat.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif analisis, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder berupa bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tertier sebagai data utama. Setelah data sekunder dan primer terkumpul, kemudian diadakan analisis secara kualitatif
Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, disimpulkan bahwa kedudukan Asas legalitas formil diterapkan untuk mencegah kesewenang-wenangan penguasa terhadap orang yang tidak bersalah. Sedangkan asas legalitas materiil untuk mengakomodir hukum tidak tertulis yang masih berlaku di masyarakat. Dekonstruksi asas legalitas dalam hukum pidana dilakukan dengan menggali dan memasukkan nilai-nilai hukum adat agar mampu menyelesaikan penyimpangan kejahatan. Penyimpangan kejahatan dalam artian bukan tergantung pada ketetapan hukum yang ditetapkan dalam hukum pidana secara tertulis, namun menekankan pula pada hukum tidak tertulis.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS PENANGANAN TINDAK PIDANA HOAKS CORONA DI MEDIA SOSIAL OLEH KEPOLISIAN REBUBLIK INDONESIA
Authors: Nuraeni Yeni , Hidayat Arif Rahmat 
Published: April 2021

Hoax merupakan penyebaran berita bohong yang seringkali mempergunakan akses telematika seperti media sosial. Perbuatan tersebut termasuk dalam ruang lingkup kejahatan siber. Penegakan hukum dalam bidang telematika seringkali berbenturan dengan cara pengungkapan ekspresi yang disalahgunakan oleh oknum tidak bertanggungjawab, melalui penyebaran konten-konten bohong dan menyesatkan, salah satunya tentang corona. Untuk membatasi perilaku kejahatan-kejahatan baru di media sosial, maka diperlukan upaya penanganan hukum berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 tahun 2008 tentang informasi dan transaksi elektronik yang telah diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 tahun 2016..
Metode penelitian menggunakan spesifikasi deskripitf analitis dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif dalam mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan. Pengumpulan data bersumber dari bahan hukum primer, sekunder maupun tersier dengan tahapan penelitian melalui studi kepustakaan, dan studi lapangan. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan kemudian dianalisis secara evaluasi, interprestasi, dan konstruksi.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa analisis tindak pidana hoaks virus corona di media sosial meliputi konten mengelabui/gurauan (Satire), menyesatkan (Misleading), meniru (Imposter), memalsukan (Fabricated), menyalahi (False), manipulasi (Manipulated) dan aksi vandalisme. Penanganan tindak pidana hoaks corona oleh Kepolisian, meliputi 1) Penerbitan Maklumat Kapolri; 2) Layanan Tanggap Covid-19, 3) Patroli Siber, dan 4) Sosialisasi tentang hoax di media sosial. Penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa tindak pidana hoaks corona di media sosial termasuk kejahatan siber dengan upaya penyebaran berita bohong dan menyesatkan publik, yang dalam undang-undang informasi dan transaksi elektronik diancam dengan sanksi penjara selama 6 tahun.
Early Gross Motor Milestones in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Norcia Giulia , Lucibello Simona , Coratti Giorgia , Onesimo Roberta , Pede Elisa , Ferrantini Gloria , Brogna Claudia , Cicala Graziamaria , Carnicella Sara , Forcina Nicola , Fanelli Lavinia , Pane Marika , Mercuri Eugenio 
Published: April 2021

Background: Over the last few years there has been increasing attention to detect early signs of impairment in young Duchenne muscular dystrophy boys but less has been reported on whether the delay may also affect the very early aspects of motor development, such as gross motor milestones. Objective: The aim of this study was to retrospectively assess the age when early motor milestones were achieved in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Methods: The study is a retrospective analysis of data collected as part of a larger natural history project. Information on past medical history, collected at the time the boys were seen for the first time, were recorded and re available on clinical notes and on electronic CRF. Results: Data were collected in 134 DMD boys. Sitting was achieved at 7.04 months. The % of DMD boys not achieving sitting by 9.4 months was 10%, ranging from 2% in the boys with mutations before exon 44 to 33% in those beyond exon 63. Walking was achieved at a mean age of 16.35 months. The % of DMD boys not achieving independent walking by 18 months was 17%, ranging from 9% in the boys with mutations between 44 and 51 to 42% in those beyond exon 63. Conclusions: Our results showed that the risk of a delay in sitting and walking was increasingly high in patients with mutations predictive of the involvement of different brain dystrophin isoforms.
Total variation with modified group sparsity for CT reconstruction under low SNR
Authors: Zhang Lingli 
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Since the stair artifacts may affect non-destructive testing (NDT) and diagnosis in the later stage, an applicable model is desperately needed, which can deal with the stair artifacts and preserve the edges. However, the classical total variation (TV) algorithm only considers the sparsity of the gradient transformed image. The objective of this study is to introduce and test a new method based on group sparsity to address the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) problem. METHODS: This study proposes a weighted total variation with overlapping group sparsity model. This model combines the Gaussian kernel and overlapping group sparsity into TV model denoted as GOGS-TV, which considers the structure sparsity of the image to be reconstructed to deal with the stair artifacts. On one hand, TV is the accepted commercial algorithm, and it can work well in many situations. On the other hand, the Gaussian kernel can associate the points around each pixel. Quantitative assessments are implemented to verify this merit. RESULTS: Numerical simulations are performed to validate the presented method, compared with the classical simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART) and the state-of-the-art TV algorithm. It confirms the significantly improved SNR of the reconstruction images both in suppressing the noise and preserving the edges using new GOGS-TV model. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed GOGS-TV model demonstrates its advantages to reduce stair artifacts especially in low SNR reconstruction because this new model considers both the sparsity of the gradient image and the structured sparsity. Meanwhile, the Gaussian kernel is utilized as a weighted factor that can be adapted to the global distribution.
Теоретичні й практичні виміри «українського світу»: місце та роль релігії
Authors: Титаренко Віта 
Published: April 2021

В статті розглядається питання онтології українського соціуму в контексті потенційного його виходу із стану сингулярності – він (соціум) має шанс перетворитися на щось позитивно інше, або так і залишитися у вимушено знайденому стані радикального збурення, із суттєво зміненим порядком речей, явищ, очікувань, сподівань. Цей процес характеризується наступною контроверсійністю: 1) наявністю високого ризику деструктивних змін, які мають релігійну основу; 2) наявністю потенціалу конструктивних змін, досвід якого накопичений та апробований самою історичною присутністю релігії.
Автор пропонує (з позицій філософсько-релігієзнавчих) пошук життєздатних і емпірично дієвих концептів, спроможних об’єднати громадян країни (у їх етнічній, культурній, релігійній тощо багатоманітній ідентичності) у прагненні вивести український соціум із стану сингулярності в новій якості – з перспективами позитивних змін.
В статті аналізуються окремі теоретичні аспекти поняття «український світ», яке стає актуальним в середовищі релігієзнавців і його співвіднесеність з поняттями «нація», «українська нація», «етнічна нація», «громадянська (політична) нація», «національна ідея», «національна держава» тощо. В широкому розумінні «український світ» може розглядатися як простір єднання, співставний із загальнонаціональною ідентичністю, де індивід ототожнює себе з певними символами, цінностями, історією, територією, культурою, а також з державними та правовими інституціями, політичними й економічними інтересами. Таке розуміння концепту «український світ» логічно виводить нас на необхідність аналізу практичної його складової. Послуговуючись даними соціологічних опитувань, статистичними даними, інтерв’ю, прикладами діяльності релігійних організацій і об’єднань – аналізується місце релігії в цьому просторі єднання, її потенціал, ризики, виклики.
Висновується, що «український світ» як простір єднання може і здатен формуватися за умов: 1) адекватної і зваженої політики з боку, перш за все, української держави – відповідно до Конституції, чинного законодавства, без преференцій для окремих конфесій (особливо на місцях), як шлях формування довіри до органів влади з боку конфесій; 2) розуміння і усвідомлення з боку представників церков і релігійних організацій своєї відповідальності перед українським суспільством, базування на універсальних загальнолюдських цінностях, здатних об’єднати українців та реалізація цих цінностей через практичну діяльність в суспільстві.
Рецензія на монографію «Церковно-політична історія Римських пап» (автор М.Отрош)
Authors: Яроцький Петро 
Published: April 2021

В рецензії оглядається монографія українського історика М.Отроша «Церковно-політична історія Римських пап» (Київ, 2019-2000, в трьох томах), аналізується основні ідеї і методологічні засади дослідження.
Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio in Preeclampsia
Authors: Prasetyo Alfian , Bororing Sheella Rima , Sukadarma Yuma 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Objective: To determine the correlation between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and preeclampsia. To determine whether neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio can be used as a screening tool for preeclampsia.Methods: This study was conducted with a systematic review method. Articles that had been gathered and filtered were reviewed by QUADAS-2 tool. Guidelines from the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and Pedoman Nasional Pelayanan Kedokteran were used as a diagnostic criteria for determining preeclampsiaResults: Studies conducted by Kirbas et al, Cakmak et al, Wang et al and Panwar et al stated that there is a correlation between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio to preeclampsia (p-value < 0.05). Cut-off values are diverse between 3.5 - 5.6 with different sensitivity and specificity.Conclusion: This systematic review shows that there is a relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and preeclampsia. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio can be used as screening tools for preeclampsia in the first trimester.Keywords: neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, NLR, preeclampsia.
Abstrak
Tujuan: Mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara rasio neutrofil terhadap limfosit dengan preeklampsia. Mengetahui apakah rasio neutrofil terhadap limfosit dapat dijadikan sebagai alat bantu skrining preeklampsia.Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode systematic review. Artikel yang disaring akan ditentukan kualitasnya menggunakan QUADAS-2. Kriteria diagnostik preeklampsia yang digunakan adalah American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) untuk penelitian luar negeri dan Pedoman Nasional Pelayanan Kedokteran untuk penelitian dalam negeri.Hasil : Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Kirbas et al, Cakmak et al, Wang et al, dan Panwar et al menyatakan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara rasio neutrofil terhadap limfosit dengan preeklampsia ( p-value < 0.05). Nilai cutoff dari rasio neutrofil terhadap preeklampsia beragam mulai dari 3.5 - 5.6 dengan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang berbeda-beda.Kesimpulan : Penelitian systematic review ini menunjukan bahwa rasio neutrofil terhadap limfosit memiliki hubungan dengan penyakit preeklampsia. Rasio neutrofil terhadap limfosit dapat dijadikan sebagai alat bantu skrining untuk preeklampsia pada trimester pertama.Kata kunci: rasio neutrofil terhadap Limfosit, NLR, preeklamsia.
Perfil epidemiológico dos portadores de sífilis entre 2010 e 2018 no Estado do Paraná, Brasil
Authors: Ito Fernanda Yuki , Gonçalves Maryna Rodrigues , Gonçalves Mayara Rodrigues , Hirota Michely Mika , Hayashida Mariana Rie , Mizoguti Nathália Nakase , Nasr Acácia Maria Lourenço Francisco 
Published: April 2021

A sífilis é uma doença infecto contagiosa de transmissão sanguínea, sexual e vertical. O estudo teve por objetivo analisar os casos de sífilis no estado de Paraná entre os anos de 2010 e 2018, e descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos infectados. O estudo é quantitativo, descritivo e observacional desenvolvido com dados secundários do Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN), avaliando a taxa de detecção da sífilis adquirida. Entre 2010 e 2018 o Paraná registrou 39.900 casos de sífilis adquirida, sendo que 58,5% ocorreram em homens e 41,5% em mulheres. A faixa etária de maior incidência foi entre 20-29 anos (26,9%), seguida por 30-39 anos (21,4%). A maioria dos infectados possuía como nível de escolaridade o ensino fundamental e médio (18,5% e 19%, respectivamente). A macrorregião leste do Estado apresentou a maior incidência de casos (59,28% dos casos em 2016). Quanto às Regionais de Saúde, as taxas de detecção mais elevadas no ano de 2016 foram observadas em Cascavel, Metropolitana e Ponta Grossa. Devido ao aumento de casos de sífilis adquirida no Paraná entre os anos de 2010 a 2018, é necessário o direcionamento de ações de prevenção e rastreio.
Perbedaan Densitas Tulang Alveolar Sebelum dan Sesudah Kuretase Menggunakan Software ImageJ Pada Periodontitis Kronis
Authors: Astuti Lilies Anggarwati , Masriadi Masriadi , Arifin Fadil Abdillah , Aslan Sarahfin , Hikmah Nurul 
Published: April 2021

Latar belakang : Penyakit periodontal adalah penyakit yang kehilangan struktur kolagennya pada daerah yang menyangga gigi, sebagai respon dari akumulasi bakteri di jaringan periodontal. periodontitis adalah penyakit infeksi kronis yang dapat menghancurkan jaringan periodontal termasuk ligamen periodontal dan rongga alveolar gigi. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui bagaimana perbedaan gambaran radiografis periodontitis kronis sebelum dan sesudah perawatan berdasarkan densitas tulang menggunakan software imagej. Bahan dan metode penelitian : Penelitian ini bersifat analisis observasional dengan menggunakan pendekatan Cross sectional study.Sampel didapatkan dengan menggunakan metode pengambilan sampel koutasampling. Radiograf digitalisasi menggunakan software ImageJ untuk melihat perbedaan luas trabekula kemudian dilakukan uji Paired T-Test. Hasil Penelitian : Terdapat perbedaan nilai rata-rata densitas tulang sebelum dan sesudah perawatan kuretase yaitu 525,20 pixel. adapun rata-rata densitas tulang sebelum perawatan kuretase yaitu sebesar 1882,10 pixel dan sesudah perawatan menjadi 1356,90 pixel. Hasil uji Paired Sampel T-Test juga menunjukkan signifikansi perbedaan luas antara densitas tulang sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan perawatan kuretase, dimana terdapat p-value yang menujukkan nilai p=0,003. Nilai P-Value menunjukkan kurang dari 0,05 artinya bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang sangat signifikan antara densitas tulang sebelum dan sesudah perawatan kuretase. Kesimpulan : Terdapat perbedaan signifikan gambaran radiografis peridontitis sebelum dan sesudah perawatan kuretase pada perubahan luas trabekula menggunakan software ImageJ di RSIGM UMI tahun 2020.
Selenium supplementation to improve bone health in postmenopausal women: the SeMS three-arm RCT
Authors: Walsh Jennifer S , Jacques Richard , Schomburg Lutz , Hill Tom , Mathers John , Williams Graham , Eastell Richard 
Published: April 2021

Background
Observational and pre-clinical studies have reported an association between selenium status, bone density, bone turnover and fracture risk. Selenium is an anti-oxidant, so we hypothesised that selenium could reduce the pro-resorptive action of reactive oxygen species on osteoclasts. Population mortality data suggest that the optimum range for serum selenium is 120–150 µg/l. Most adults in Europe are relatively selenium insufficient compared with adults in the USA and other geographical areas.

Objectives
The objectives of the study were to determine if selenium supplementation in postmenopausal women with osteopenia decreased bone turnover, improved physical function or decreased markers of oxidative stress and inflammation.

Design
We conducted a 6-month double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Setting
This was a single-centre study in Sheffield, UK.

Participants
We recruited 120 postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis. One hundred and fifteen women completed follow-up and were included in the intention-to-treat analysis.

Interventions
The interventions were sodium selenite as Selenase 200 µg/day, Selenase 50 µg/day (biosyn, Germany) and placebo.

Main outcome measures
The primary end point was urine N–terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen/Cr (NTX/Cr) at 26 weeks. Groups were compared with an analysis of covariance, through the use of Hochberg testing. Secondary end points were other biochemical markers of bone turnover, bone mineral density by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and physical function scores (short physical performance battery and grip strength). The mechanistic end points were markers of inflammation and anti-oxidant activity (glutathione peroxidase, highly sensitive C-reactive protein and interleukin 6).

Results
In the 200 µg/day group, mean serum selenium increased from 78.8 µg/l (95% confidence interval 73.5 to 84.2 µg/l) to 105.7 µg/l (95% confidence interval 99.5 to 111.9 µg/l) at 26 weeks. Urine NTX/Cr did not differ between treatment groups at 26 weeks. None of the secondary or mechanistic end-point measurements differed between the treatment groups at 26 weeks.

Conclusions
We conclude that selenium supplementation at these doses does not affect bone turnover (assessed by NTX/Cr) and is not beneficial for musculoskeletal health in postmenopausal women.

Trial registration
IRAS 200308, EudraCT 2016-002964-15 and ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02832648.

Funding
This project was funded by the Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation (EME) programme, a MRC and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) partnership. This will be published in full in Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation; Vol. 8, No. 6. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
Socio-demographic factors and suicidal behavior among the patients with psychiatric disorder attending outpatient department of a tertiary level hospital
Authors: Parveen Shahana , Bhowmik Avro Das , Sarkar Mekhala , Alam Mohammad Tariqul , Akteruzzaman Mohammad , Acharjee Panchanan 
Published: April 2021

The majority of suicides worldwide are related to psychiatric disorders. Overall, suicide rates vary concerning the age, gender, and socioeconomic status of the individual and the method of suicide. The objectives of the study were to find the socio-demographic factors and suicidal behavior associated with suicidal attempts in patients with psychiatric disorders. A cross-sectional, hospital-based, descriptive study was conducted among the patients attending the psychiatry outpatient departments (OPD) of the National Institute of Mental Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 98 consecutive cases were included those who were at and above18year, have a definite psychiatric disorder and history of suicidal attempt. The data were collected by face-to face interview using semi structured questionnaire. The study identified that most of the patients were in the age group 21-30 years (53.1%), mean age± SD was 27.02±8.42, more in female (66.2%), housewives (35.7%), 57.1% were from an urban background and 35.7% of them studied up to SSC. The vast majority (73.5%) came from a nuclear family. Suicidal behavior revealed that mean suicidal attempt was 2.63±2.84, Communication intent was 20.4%, Suicidal note was put by10.2%, at home (90.8%),59.2%, sample choose day time and common method were hanging (25.5%) and medicine (22.4%). Help nearby in 72.4%, precaution against rescue was 18.4%, intent to die was 65.3% and hospitalization needed for 34.7% cases. Suicides can be prevented by early identification, diagnosis and proper intervention of psychiatric disorder among risk groups. Restricting access to means of suicide, by training caregivers, provide adequate follow-up care may reduce impulsive suicidal attempts.
Bang J Psychiatry June 2018; 32(1): 14-18
A case of factitious disorder presenting with hematohidrosis: a rare case report
Authors: Hossain Rubina , Afroz Nadia , Sarkar Mekhala , Alam Mohammad Tariqul 
Published: April 2021

Factitious disorder is described as the patient’s intention to produce fake symptoms to play a sick role and gain medical attention.1 The symptoms could be physical, psychological or mixed. The wide spectrum of symptoms makes the diagnosis and management challenging. This is a case report of a 17 year old girl who was referred to us with history of recurrent bleeding from left side of her forehead. Detailed hematological investigations revealed no abnormal causes of bleeding but on clinical examination, we found multiple scar marks on the affected site. The history was suggestive of hematohidrosis but the patient had scar marks on the affected area which indicated that the bleeding was self-inflicted. This was the most important diagnostic and differentiating point in this patient. Pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy were followed by complete remission.
Bang J Psychiatry June 2018; 32(1): 19-21
Parenting style in a schizophrenic patient: a case report
Authors: Arifuzzaman Mohammad , Acharjee Panchanan 
Published: April 2021

Both genetic and environmental factors including parenting style are responsible for the causation of schizophrenia. A young adult developed delusion regarding alien as well as some characters of the computer games he used to play. Later he was diagnosed with schizophrenia. There was evidence of intrafamilial conflict with lack of good relationship with father. His introverted nature, lack of social interactions and some irrelevant behavior were found as being reinforced by her mother. There may be an association of schizophrenia with parenting style which may be modifiable.
Bang J Psychiatry June 2018; 32(1): 22-23