bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cloning and expression analysis of mevalonate kinase and phosphomevalonate kinase genes associated with the MVA pathway in Santalum album
Authors: Niu Meiyun , Xiong Yuping , Yan Haifeng , Zhang Xinhua , Li Yuan , da Silva Jaime A. Teixeira , Ma Guohua 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSandalwood (Santalum album L.) is highly valued for its fragrant heartwood and extracted oil. Santalols, which are the main components of that oil, are terpenoids, and these are biosynthesized via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway. Mevalonate kinase (MK) and phosphomevalonate kinase (PMK) are key enzymes in the MVA pathway. Little is known about the genes that encode MK and PMK in S. album or the mechanism that regulates their expression. To isolate and identify the functional genes involved in santalol biosynthesis in S. album, an MK gene designated as SaMK, and a PMK gene designated as SaPMK, were cloned from S. album. The sequences of these genes were analyzed. A bioinformatics analysis was conducted to assess the homology of SaMK and SaPMK with MK and PMK genes from other plants. The subcellular localization of SaMK and SaPMK proteins was also investigated, as was the functional complementation of SaMK and SaPMK in yeast. Our results show that the full-length cDNA sequences of SaMK and SaPMK were 1409 bp and 1679 bp long, respectively. SaMK contained a 1381 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a polypeptide of 460 amino acids and SaPMK contained a 1527 bp ORF encoding a polypeptide of 508 amino acids. SaMK and SaPMK showed high homology with MK and PMK genes of other plant species. Functional complementation of SaMK in a MK-deficient mutant yeast strain YMR208W and SaPMK in a PMK-deficient mutant yeast strain YMR220W confirmed that cloned SaMK and SaPMK cDNA encode a functional MK and PMK, respectively, mediating MVA biosynthesis in yeast. An analysis of tissue expression patterns revealed that SaMK and SaPMK were constitutively expressed in all the tested tissues. SaMK was highly expressed in young leaves but weakly expressed in sapwood. SaPMK was highly expressed in roots and mature leaves, but weakly expressed in young leaves. Induction experiments with several elicitors showed that SaMK and SaPMK expression was upregulated by methyl jasmonate. These results will help to further study the role of MK and PMK genes during santalol biosynthesis in S. album.
The structure–function correlation analysed by OCT and full field ERG in typical and pericentral subtypes of retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Huang Ching-Wen , Yang Jung-Je , Yang Chang-Hao , Yang Chung-May , Hu Fung-Rong , Ho Tzyy-Chang , Chen Ta-Ching 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo investigate the structure–function correlation analysed by full-field electroretinography (ffERG) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in typical and pericentral subtypes of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). A retrospective, cross-sectional, observational study of right eyes was conducted. The primary analysis used ffERG data to compare the RP subtypes. The subgroup analysis was used to correlate the structure, analysed by OCT, and function, determined by ffERG. Linear regressions explored the relationship between best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and multiple parameters. A total of 188 eyes were included. Amplitudes of responses of rod, rod-cone, cone, and 30 Hz flicker of typical type were lower than those of pericentral and other types. In the subgroup analysis, 41 and 21 eyes of the typical and pericentral types were studied, respectively. The correlation between the estimated preserved photoreceptor area and all ffERG amplitude parameters were significant in the typical type, but not in pericentral type. Old age, decreased intact ellipsoid zone length, typical type, and thin central retinal thickness were negatively correlated with BCVA. Typical type RP developed more extensive degeneration and poorer BCVA compared to others. Strong structure–function correlation was found in typical type while not in pericentral type. OCT may be a useful tool for monitoring RP status in typical type, providing useful parameters for the prediction of BCVA.
Adaptive optimization of the OXPHOS assembly line partially compensates lrpprc-dependent mitochondrial translation defects in mice
Authors: Cuillerier Alexanne , Ruiz Matthieu , Daneault Caroline , Forest Anik , Rossi Jenna , Vasam Goutham , Cairns George , Cadete Virgilio ,   The LSFC Consortium, Aliskashani Azadeh , Allen Bruce G. , Aubut Chantale , Bemeur Chantal , Beauchamp Claudine , Burelle Yan , Charron Guy , Coderre Lise , Des Rosiers Christine , Deschênes Sonia , Labarthe François , Landry Jeannine , Laprise Catherine , Lavallée Geneviève , Lavoie Pierre , Maranda Bruno , Morin Charles , Mukaneza Yvette , Nishimura Tamiko , Rioux John D. , Rivard Marie-Ève , Sasarman Florin , Shoubridge Eric A. , Tardif Jessica , Legault Julie Thompson , Tremblay Nancy , Tremblay-Vaillancourt Vanessa , Vachon Luc , Villeneuve Josée , Des Rosiers Christine , Burelle Yan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMouse models of genetic mitochondrial disorders are generally used to understand specific molecular defects and their biochemical consequences, but rarely to map compensatory changes allowing survival. Here we took advantage of the extraordinary mitochondrial resilience of hepatic Lrpprc knockout mice to explore this question using native proteomics profiling and lipidomics. In these mice, low levels of the mtRNA binding protein LRPPRC induce a global mitochondrial translation defect and a severe reduction (>80%) in the assembly and activity of the electron transport chain (ETC) complex IV (CIV). Yet, animals show no signs of overt liver failure and capacity of the ETC is preserved. Beyond stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, results show that the abundance of mitoribosomes per unit of mitochondria is increased and proteostatic mechanisms are induced in presence of low LRPPRC levels to preserve a balance in the availability of mitochondrial- vs nuclear-encoded ETC subunits. At the level of individual organelles, a stabilization of residual CIV in supercomplexes (SCs) is observed, pointing to a role of these supramolecular arrangements in preserving ETC function. While the SC assembly factor COX7A2L could not contribute to the stabilization of CIV, important changes in membrane glycerophospholipid (GPL), most notably an increase in SC-stabilizing cardiolipins species (CLs), were observed along with an increased abundance of other supramolecular assemblies known to be stabilized by, and/or participate in CL metabolism. Together these data reveal a complex in vivo network of molecular adjustments involved in preserving mitochondrial integrity in energy consuming organs facing OXPHOS defects, which could be therapeutically exploited.
14-3-3 proteins inactivate DAPK2 by promoting its dimerization and protecting key regulatory phosphosites
Authors: Horvath Matej , Petrvalska Olivia , Herman Petr , Obsilova Veronika , Obsil Tomas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDeath-associated protein kinase 2 (DAPK2) is a CaM-regulated Ser/Thr protein kinase, involved in apoptosis, autophagy, granulocyte differentiation and motility regulation, whose activity is controlled by autoinhibition, autophosphorylation, dimerization and interaction with scaffolding proteins 14-3-3. However, the structural basis of 14-3-3-mediated DAPK2 regulation remains unclear. Here, we structurally and biochemically characterize the full-length human DAPK2:14-3-3 complex by combining several biophysical techniques. The results from our X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed that Thr369 phosphorylation at the DAPK2 C terminus creates a high-affinity canonical mode III 14-3-3-binding motif, further enhanced by the diterpene glycoside Fusicoccin A. Moreover, concentration-dependent DAPK2 dimerization is disrupted by Ca2+/CaM binding and stabilized by 14-3-3 binding in solution, thereby protecting the DAPK2 inhibitory autophosphorylation site Ser318 against dephosphorylation and preventing Ca2+/CaM binding. Overall, our findings provide mechanistic insights into 14-3-3-mediated DAPK2 inhibition and highlight the potential of the DAPK2:14-3-3 complex as a target for anti‐inflammatory therapies.
Auto-inhibitory intramolecular S5/S6 interaction in the TRPV6 channel regulates breast cancer cell migration and invasion
Authors: Cai Ruiqi , Wang Lingyun , Liu Xiong , Michalak Marek , Tang Jingfeng , Peng Ji-Bin , Chen Xing-Zhen 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTRPV6, a Ca-selective channel, is abundantly expressed in the placenta, intestine, kidney and bone marrow. TRPV6 is vital to Ca homeostasis and its defective expression or function is linked to transient neonatal hyperparathyroidism, Lowe syndrome/Dent disease, renal stone, osteoporosis and cancers. The fact that the molecular mechanism underlying the function and regulation of TRPV6 is still not well understood hampers, in particular, the understanding of how TRPV6 contributes to breast cancer development. By electrophysiology and Ca imaging in Xenopus oocytes and cancer cells, molecular biology and numerical simulation, here we reveal an intramolecular S5/S6 helix interaction in TRPV6 that is functionally autoinhibitory and is mediated by the R532:D620 bonding. Predicted pathogenic mutation R532Q within S5 disrupts the S5/S6 interaction leading to gain-of-function of the channel, which promotes breast cancer cell progression through strengthening of the TRPV6/PI3K interaction, activation of a PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β cascade, and up-regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and anti-apoptosis.
Preconditioning, aerosols, and radiation control the temperature of glaciation in Amazonian clouds
Authors: Correia Alexandre L. , Sena Elisa T. , Silva Dias Maria A. F. , Koren Ilan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGlaciation in clouds is a fundamental phenomenon in determining Earth’s radiation fluxes, sensible and latent heat budgets in the atmosphere, the water cycle, cloud development and lifetime. Nevertheless, the main mechanisms that govern the temperature of glaciation in clouds have not been fully identified. Here we present an analysis of 15 years (2000-2014) of satellite, sunphotometer, and reanalysis datasets over the Amazon. We find that the temperature of glaciation in convective clouds is controlled by preconditioning dynamics, natural and anthropic aerosols, and radiation. In a moist atmospheric column, prone to deep convection, increasing the amount of aerosols leads to a delay in the onset of glaciation, reducing the glaciation temperature. For a dry column, radiative extinction by biomass burning smoke leads to atmospheric stabilization and an increase in the glaciation temperature. Our results offer observational benchmarks that can help a more precise description of glaciation in convective cloud models.
Is There a Research–Practice Dosage Gap in Aphasia Rehabilitation?
Authors: Cavanaugh Robert , Kravetz Christina , Jarold Lillian , Quique Yina , Turner Rose , Evans William S. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
Aphasia intervention research aims to improve communication and quality of life outcomes for people with aphasia. However, few studies have evaluated the translation and implementation of evidence-based aphasia interventions to clinical practice. Treatment dosage may be difficult to translate to clinical settings, and a mismatch between dosage in research and clinical practice threatens to attenuate intervention effectiveness. The purpose of this study is to quantify a potential research–practice dosage gap in outpatient aphasia rehabilitation.

Method
This study utilized a two-part approach. First, we estimated clinical treatment dosage in an episode of care (i.e., treatment provided from outpatient assessment to discharge) via utilization in a regional provider in the United States. Second, we undertook a scoping review of aphasia interventions published from 2009 to 2019 to estimate the typical dosage used in the current aphasia literature.

Results
Outpatient clinical episodes of care included a median of 10 treatment sessions and a mean of 14.8 sessions (interquartile range: 5–20 sessions). Sessions occurred 1–2 times a week over 4–14 weeks. The median total hours of treatment was 7.5 hr (interquartile range: 3.75–15 hr). In contrast, published interventions administered a greater treatment dosage, consisting of a median of 20 hr of treatment (interquartile range: 12–30 hr) over the course of 15 sessions (interquartile range: 10–24 sessions) approximately 3 times per week.

Conclusions
Results demonstrate a meaningful research–practice dosage gap, particularly in total treatment hours and weekly treatment intensity. This gap highlights the potential for attenuation of effectiveness from research to outpatient settings. Future translational research should consider clinical dosage constraints and take steps to facilitate intervention implementation, particularly with regard to dosage. Conversely, health care advocacy and continued development of alternative delivery methods are necessary for the successful implementation of treatments with dosage that is incompatible with current clinical contexts. Pragmatic, implementation-focused trials are recommended to evaluate and optimize treatment effectiveness in outpatient clinical settings.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.15161568
A Capacitive Cochlear Implant Electrode Array Sensing System to Discriminate Fold-Over Pattern
Authors: Hou Lei , Du Xinli , Boulgouris Nikolaos V. , Hafeez Nauman , Coulson Chris , Irving Richard , Begg Philip , Brett Peter 
Published: August 2021

PurposeDuring insertion of the cochlear implant electrode array, the tip of the array may fold back on itself and can cause serious complications to patients. This article presents a sensing system for cochlear implantation in a cochlear model. The electrode array fold-over behaviors can be detected by analyzing capacitive information from the array tip.MethodDepending on the angle of the array tip against the cochlear inner wall when it enters the cochlear model, different insertion patterns of the electrode array could occur, including smooth insertion, buckling, and fold-over. The insertion force simulating the haptic feedback for surgeons and bipolar capacitance signals during the insertion progress were collected and compared. The Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) was applied to the collected capacitive signals to discriminate the fold-over pattern.ResultsForty-six electrode array insertions were conducted and the deviation of the measured insertion force varies between a range of 20% and 30%. The capacitance values from electrode pair (1, 2) were recorded for analyzing. A threshold for the PCC is set to be 0.94 that can successfully discriminate the fold over insertions from the other two types of insertions, with a success rate of 97.83%.ConclusionsCapacitive measurement is an effective method for the detection of faulty insertions and the maximization of the outcome of cochlear implantation. The proposed capacitive sensing system can be used in other tissue implants in vessels, spinal cord, or heart.
Kapazitäre Defizite in der Transportversorgung neonatologischer und pädiatrischer Intensivpatienten – eine regionale Umfrage im Weser-Ems-Gebiet
Authors: Lange Matthias , Schuhmacher Sarah , Figura Yannick , Heep Axel , Guenther Ulf , Mitzlaff Bernd 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Versorgung von kritisch kranken Neugeborenen und Kindern stößt seit Langem an ihre kapazitären Grenzen. Eine flächendeckende Versorgung – insbesondere im ländlichen
Raum – ist nicht durchgehend gewährleistet.
Methodik In einer Onlineumfrage hat die Kinderklinik der Universität Oldenburg kooperierende Geburts- und Kinderkliniken kontaktiert, um die Versorgung pädiatrischer Patienten in
Notfallsituationen und während eines Transportes näher zu analysieren. Gefragt wurde nach der Zufriedenheit der kooperierenden Kliniken mit dem regional zuständigen, maximalversorgenden
Zentrum sowie nach Verbesserungswünschen in der Zusammenarbeit.
Ergebnis Alle 15 angeschriebenen Kliniken haben geantwortet, ein Fragebogen war nicht vollständig beantwortet. Es stellt sich heraus, dass ein relevanter Bedarf bezüglich des
Schulungsangebots wie auch der Wunsch nach einer Verbesserung der Versorgung, z. B. mittels Telemedizin in Akutsituationen, bestehen. Weiter zeigt sich der Wunsch, dass der Transport dieser
speziellen Patientenklientel idealerweise durch spezielle pädiatrisch/neonatologische Teams durchgeführt werden sollte.
Schlussfolgerung Zur Verbesserung der Versorgung kritisch kranker Neugeborener und Kinder sollte eine regelmäßige Schulung des betreuenden Personals im Umgang mit kritischen,
lebensbedrohlichen Situationen verpflichtend sein. Außerdem gilt es, überregionale Zentren, die in der überwiegenden Anzahl der Fälle den Transport auf neonatologische oder pädiatrische
Intensivstationen durchführen, zu stärken und deren personelle und materielle Ausstattung zu optimieren.
Kinderphysiotherapie (und Osteopathie) – mehr als nur „Turnen“
Authors: Gün Yunus 
Published: August 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGFür Konzepte nach Bobath oder Vojta ist neben der „Quantität“ von Entwicklungsschritten und Bewegungsmustern auch die „Quantität“ dieser Muster von enormer Bedeutung. Hierzu kann die Kenntnis über den physiologischen Ablauf der sensomotorischen Entwicklung von Hilfe sein. Auch wenn die Meinungen bezüglich der osteopathischen Behandlung (von Kindern) durchaus sehr kontrovers sind, kann die Hinzunahme eines fachlich versierten und gut ausgebildeten Osteopathen eine enorme Bereicherung für die (Entwicklung der) Kinder und Entlastung der täglichen Arbeit von Kinderärzten und anderen Professionen sein.
Resveratrol: A Vital Therapeutic Agent with Multiple Health
Benefits
Authors: Kaur Arshpreet , Tiwari Ruchi , Tiwari Gaurav , Ramachandran Vadivelan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractResveratrol (RSV), the most effective stilbene phytoalexin synthesized naturally
or induced in plants as part of their defense mechanism, is a key component
of natural phenolic compounds and is being considered as a treatment
option for a variety of diseases. RSV was discovered in the skin of red grapes,
mulberries, peanuts, pines, and Polygonum cuspidatum weed root extracts.
It was first extracted from white hellebore (Veratrum grandiflorum O.
Loes) roots in 1940, then from Polygonum cuspidatum roots in
1963. However, RSV’s use as a drug is limited due to its initial
conformational strength and poor stability. The research focused on a set of RSV
biological activity data. RSV has been the subject of growing concern, despite
its wide range of biological and therapeutic applications. According to the
literature, RSV has antioxidant, anti-cancer, cardioprotective, neuroprotective,
anti- inflammatory, anti-microbial, immunomodulatory, and radioprotective
properties. The current analysis summarized biological applications of RSV,
their mechanisms of action, and recent scientific development in the
area of their delivery. It is possible to infer that RSV has many effects on
infected cells’ cellular functions.
Locally Advanced Breast Cancer—A Narrative Review of Management in the Indian Scenario
Authors: Rao Manjula , Dhanushkodi Manikandan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLocally advanced breast cancer (LABC) forms a significant proportion of the total breast cancer (BC) burden in the country. It is a heterogeneous entity, encompassing a variety of presentations indicative of advanced disease. The standard of care for the treatment of LABC is multimodal, involving chemotherapy, surgery, radiation, and/or hormonal therapy. With improved understanding of the biology of BC, addition of newer agents of systemic therapy to our armamentarium, advances in surgical techniques and radiation delivery, clinicians are now able to tailor treatment according to the individual and consider a more conservative approach to management (in contrast to a mandatory radical mastectomy, decades ago), disease biology, and stage permitting with better survival outcomes. Here, we review all the treatment modalities and options available to aid a clinician in formulating an optimal treatment plan for a patient presenting with LABC and also how best to tailor the treatment to enable cost effectiveness in the Indian setting.
Managing Life-Threatening Malignant Superior Mediastinal Syndrome in Pregnancy: When Benefits of Radiation and Chemotherapy Outweigh the Risks—A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Arora Aashima , Prakash Gaurav , Bagga Rashmi , Srinivasan Radhika , Jain Arihant 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThere is scarce literature on managing superior mediastinal syndrome during pregnancy. We report a case of 26-year-old primigravida who presented with life-threatening superior mediastinal syndrome at 32 weeks of gestation. The diagnosis was significantly delayed and, as a result, she reached the emergency with stridor and impending respiratory failure. She was diagnosed with primary mediastinal B cell lymphoma Lugano Stage II with a bulky mediastinal mass. She was treated with chemoimmunotherapy and underwent a preterm vaginal delivery after a week. She delivered a 1.6 kg healthy child with no malformations. Later, she completed three cycles of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and prednisolone and five cycles of dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisolone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, rituximab, followed by radiotherapy. She continues to be in remission at 18 months of follow-up. Delaying diagnostic imaging that involves ionizing radiation exposure and chemotherapy to avoid teratogenic and obstetric complications during pregnancy can adversely affect the prognosis in certain patients with high-grade malignancies. On the contrary, prompt multidisciplinary management can lead to a gratifying outcome.
Polic(sh)ing up the Leipzig Main Station: an ethnographic reflection on abjection, space and resistance
Authors: Kirndörfer Elisabeth 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this article, I explore the interplay of abjection, space and resistance at the example of a protest intervention that reclaims a highly policed urban space in the city of Leipzig (Saxony, Eastern Germany)—the Main Station. Methodologically, I combine ethnographic material collected throughout the process of a performative counter-action attempting to reclaim and re-imagine Leipzig Main Station as a venue and politicized space with a contextual analysis regarding the discursive landscape evolving around and shaping this urban locale. My empirical analysis is structured along the theoretical discussion of abjection: While Butler's theorization (Butler in Bodies that matter, Routledge, New York, 1993) allows me to focus on the formative power of spatial exclusion and the disruptive potential of protest, theoretical accounts in which abjection is conceived as a “threshold zone” or “overlap space” (Sharkey and Shields in Child Geogr 6:239–256, 2008; Vighi et al. in Between urban topographies and political spaces. Threshold experiences, Lexington Books, Lanham, 2014) help me to outline ‘abject space’ as a space of negotiation and contradiction.