bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ETIKOLEGAL HAK MENOLAK PERAWATAN PADA MASA PANDEMI: PERTENTANGAN HAK INDIVIDU DAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Nugroho Hari Pudjo 
Published: June 2021

Abstrak
Hak partisipatif pasien untuk menolak atau menerima sebagian atau seluruh perawatan yang akan diberikan kepadanya menjadi dasar dari hak-hak lainnya yang diatur oleh undang-undang. Tidak kurang mulai Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia sebagai grundnorm (norma tertinggi) sampai dengan peraturan perundangan tentang kesehatan sebagai norm (jenjang norma dibawahnya)Hak partisipatif ini juga menjadi salah satu bagian penting dalam deklarasi Stockholm 1972 yang berkembang melalui berbagai instrument hukum internasional diatur serangkaian hak yang sangat luas, salah satunya adalah hak untuk menentukan nasib sendiri dan hak atas informasi dan berkomunikasi. Di masa pandemic covid19 yang penularannya sangat mudah ditransmisikan antar manusia, hak pasien untuk menerima atau menolak sebagian atau seluruh pengobatan maupun perawatan pada dirinya ditiadakan karena demi melindungi hak orang lain dan masyarakat agar tidak tertular pasien tersebut. Prinsip keadilan ini jelas-jelas melanggar hak dasar manusia yang sudah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945. Hak partisipatif pasien tidak menghilangkan tanggungjawab pasien untuk tidak menularkan penyakitnya kepada orang lain. Tanggungjawab pasien ini sudah diatur dalam peraturan perundangan yang ada, bahkan sampai penjeraan pidana yang sifatnya ultimum remidium.
RESTORATIVE JUSTICE BAGI TERPIDANA PEMAKAI NARKOTIKA GOLONGAN 1
Authors: Adelina Siregar Rospita , Widi Hastuti Lila Pitri 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAK
Restorative Justice bagi terpidana pemakai Narkotika golongan 1 merupakan penelitian juridis normative yang mengkaji hasil putusan No.111/Pid.Sus/2017/PN Sag, dengan menitik beratkan masalah putusan pidana penjara yang ditetapkan berdasarkan bukti, terdakwa melanggar Pasal 111 ayat 2 UU nomor 35 tahun 2009 Tentang Narkotika golongan 1, hakim menjatuhkan putusan terdakwa dihukum selama 8 bulan penjara dan denda sebesar Rp.1 Milyar. Pengakuan terdakwa bahwa Daun Ganja dijadikan sebagai pengobatan bagi istrinya yang sudah 3 tahun mengalami lumpuh dan sering shock akibat menderita penyakit syringoemelia. Pemidanaan kurungan penjara bagi pengguna Narkotika golongan 1 di pandang tidaklah menyebabkan efek jera bahkan menimbulkan masalah baru, yaitu over kapasitas di Lapas/Rutan, contoh di wilayah Kanwil DKI Jakarta hingga 319%, maka saatnya menerapkan keadilan restoratif (restorative justice) dan meninggalkan keadilan retributif sebagai pembaharuan hukum pidana dalam menyelesaikan kasus penyalanggunaan Narkotika golongan 1.
Aspectos da produção textual em planos de aula de língua inglesa do site Revista Nova Escola
Authors: Alves Wanderleya Magna , Rocha Bessa José Cezinaldo 
Published: June 2021

RESUMO
Nosso objetivo, neste trabalho, é identificar e analisar aspectos da produção de textos em propostas de planos de aula de língua inglesa do ensino fundamental disponibilizadas no site da Revista Nova Escola e discutir se e como esses aspectos podem contribuir para uma aprendizagem efetiva da produção textual como atividade de construção de sentidos. Como respaldo teórico, assumimos estudos que concebem a linguagem como instância política, dialógica e ideológica, bem como trabalhos que sustentam as potencialidades dos gêneros discursivos para o ensino. O corpus de análise se constitui de dois planos de aula de língua inglesa direcionados ao trabalho com o eixo escrita no ensino fundamental disponíveis no site da Revista Nova Escola. Nossa análise interpretativa do corpus recortado aponta que, embora os planos contemplem uma proposta de trabalho com textos, a produção textual é relegada ainda à exploração de determinadas características rígidas de tipologia textual e a aspectos gramaticais.
Palavras-chave: Planos de aula de língua inglesa; Aspectos da produção textual; Revista Nova Escola
Use of cannabis in urological cancer patients: A review to evaluate risk for cancer development, therapeutic use, and symptom management
Authors: Taneja Shipra , Hoogenes Jen , Slaven Marissa , Kapoor Anil 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Recent recreational legalization of cannabis has resulted in an increased interest in the therapeutic effects of cannabis use in cancer patients, with reports of its use in symptom management and as a risk factor for cancer development. The objective of this review was to evaluate the literature on the association of cannabis use with the risk of cancer development, symptom management, and therapeutic management in the urological cancer (UC) patient population.
Methods: A systematic search of databases and trial registries for papers published to March 2020 on cannabis, symptom and therapeutic management, and cancer development in UC patients was conducted. After screening of full-text articles, data were extracted for evaluation. Studies were eligible if they were in the clinical setting, included ≥5 UC patients, reported use of any cannabis variant, and were written in English.
Results: The search retrieved 2456 abstracts, of which 48 full-text articles were reviewed and 21 included in the review. Low-level evidence suggested a correlation between cannabis use and risk for development of testicular cancer. Some support existed for using cannabis for cancer pain and chemotherapy-induced nausea. There was inadequate evidence to substantiate cannabis use as a therapeutic agent for management of UCs. A lack of high-level evidence and robust methodology of the studies limited evaluation of the findings.
Conclusions: Given the paucity of data on cannabis use for therapeutic purposes in UC, large, prospective trials with adequate followup times to observe the effect of cannabis use on UCs are warranted to improve the evidence base.
Impact of radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer on bladder function as demonstrated on urodynamics study: A systematic review
Authors: Yao Henry Han-I , Hoe Venetia , Shamout Samer , Sengupta Shomik , O'Connell Helen E. , Carlson Kevin V. , Baverstock Richard J. 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: This study aimed to describe the effects of bladder function following radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer by performing a systematic review on studies reporting on urodynamic findings after radiotherapy.
Methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The review protocol was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42021229037). A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and OVID Embase. Studies were included if they involved men who underwent urodynamic studies following radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer. A total of 798 articles were screened and five articles included. A qualitative analysis was performed.
Results: Bladder compliance appears to be impaired following radiotherapy, especially with longer followup. Impaired bladder compliance was reported in 18.8–62.5% of patients following radiotherapy. Bladder capacity was found to be statistically significantly lower following radiotherapy compared to pre-radiotherapy, and when compared with patients who did not undergo pelvic radiotherapy. Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) persists post-radiotherapy in most patients at three and 18 months post-radiotherapy. De novo detrusor overactivity (DO) of 13.3% has been reported at 18 months post-radiotherapy. This review is limited by the absence of level I/II studies.
Conclusions: Radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer results in decreased bladder compliance and capacity demonstrated on urodynamic studies. Resolution of BOO appears less likely in comparison to series on radical prostatectomy. De novo DO may develop following radiotherapy, especially with longer followup. With only low level of evidence studies available at present, further high-quality, prospective studies are important to elucidate the impact of radiotherapy on bladder and urethral function.
ON THE $||T||\cdot C_1$ SUMMABILITY OF A SEQUENCE OF FOURIER COEFFICIENTS
Authors: MITTAL M. L. , PRASAD G. , KUMAR RAJESH 
Published: June 2021

Mohanty and Nanda (1959) were the first to establish a result for the $(C,1)$ i.e. $C_1$-summability of the sequence $\{n B_n(x)\}$. Varshney (1959) improved the result for $(N, \frac{1}{n+1} ) \cdot C_1$ summability which was generalised by several investiga- tors such as Sharma (1970), Singh (1963), Lal (1971), Khare and Singh (1988) etc. In this note, we have·discussed $||T||\cdot C_1$-summability of the sequence $\{n B_x(x)\}$ which includes the result due to Khare and Singh (1988).
Evaluating Steady-State Visually Evoked Potentials-Based Brain-Computer Interface System Using Wavelet Features and Various Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Sayilgan Ebru , Kemal Yuce Yilmaz , Isler Yalcin 
Published: June 2021

Steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) have been designated to be appropriate and are in use in many areas such as clinical neuroscience, cognitive science, and engineering. SSVEPs have become popular recently, due to their advantages including high bit rate, simple system structure and short training time. To design SSVEP-based BCI system, signal processing methods appropriate to the signal structure should be applied. One of the most appropriate signal processing methods of these non-stationary signals is the Wavelet Transform. In this study, we investigated both the effect of choosing a mother wavelet function and the most successful combination of classifier algorithm, wavelet features, and frequency pairs assigned to BCI commands. SSVEP signals that were recorded at seven different stimulus frequencies (6–6.5 – 7 – 7.5 – 8.2 – 9.3 – 10 Hz) were used in this study. A total of 115 features were extracted from time, frequency, and time-frequency domains. These features were classified by a total of seven different classification processes. Classification evaluation was presented with the 5-fold cross-validation method and accuracy values. According to the results, (I) the most successful wavelet function was Haar wavelet, (II) the most successful classifier was Ensemble Learning, (III) using the feature vector consisting of energy, entropy, and variance features yielded higher accuracy than using one of these features alone, and (IV) the highest performances were obtained in the frequency pairs with “6–10”, “6.5–10”, “7–10”, and “7.5–10” Hz.
E-Marketplace in the Agricultural Sector in Sri Lanka: Challenges in Adoption
Authors: Ellawala N. H. , Sachitra K. M. V. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: Agricultural e-commerce can assist in overcoming notable challenges and inefficiencies in the agriculture supply chain especially in developing countries. The aim of the study is to identify barriers to sustaining and further developing an E-marketplace in the agricultural sector in Sri Lanka.
Design: An exploratory qualitative research approach was used to provide an in-depth overview of adopting and sustaining an e-marketplace. Data collection was carried out using semi-structured individual interviews amongst mass producers and buyers of fruits and vegetables as well as an e-marketplace developing institution in Sri Lanka. As this is a qualitative study, non-probability sampling techniques were used. Sample for mass producers was selected using the snowball sampling approach. Criterion sampling approach was used for the selection of bulk buyers of fruits and vegetables and the e-marketplace developing institutions. Thematic analysis was employed.
Findings: The study found that while farmers and buyers both expressed an interest in joining an e-marketplace in the future, they had expectations that must be fulfilled to do so. Unawareness about its existence and the processes behind an e-marketplace was a major barrier common to both farmers and buyers. Further, both farmers and buyers were satisfied with their current process and therefore felt no need for an alternative and therefore would not join an e-marketplace unless that process is supported to an extent. Further, quality, transportation, certifications, and low mobile phone signal were considered major concerns and barriers. Developers face difficulty in acquiring necessary funding to invest in sustaining and further developing the platform. They also believe the absence of a method to guarantee quality and to resolve problems between participants requires an immediate solution. Further, as majority of the farming community is technologically illiterate, developers must account for this issue when developing the platform.
Research Implications: The findings of this study provide valuable knowledge necessary to increase the farmers’ and buyers’ adoption of an e-marketplace in agriculture which has been named as a high priority solution, by the Department of Agriculture in Sri Lanka, to solve the agricultural problems currently being faced.
Originality: The literature scores in developing context are limited to exploring the e-marketplace adoption in the agriculture sector. This study has deepened the authors’ understanding by investigating farmers’ and buyers’ perspective on the adoption of an e-marketplace for agriculture.
Computer Security Practices in Senior High Schools in the Keta Municipality
Authors: Tetteh Abraham , Essah Richard , Opoku Gifty , Serwaa Monica Akua 
Published: June 2021

Aims: To examine security practices in Senior High Schools in Keta Municicpality.
Study design: Descriptive Survey Design.
Place and duration of study: The study was undertaken in the Keta Municipality of Volta Region.
Methodology: The researcher adopted quantitative research design. The target population for the study was made up of eight (8) senior high schools with four thousand two hundred (4200) senior high school students, teachers, administrators and account clerks in the Municipality. The total number of samples for the study was hundred (100) respondents. This comprises forty (40) teachers, forty (40) students, ten (10) ICT teachers, five (5) administrators and five (5) account clerks all from the five selected schools. The research instrument used for the data collection was questionnaire. The usage of a data analysis application known as the International Business Machine, Statistical Package for Social Sciences, assisted the data analysis (IBM SPSS).
Results: The results revealed that 35(87.5%) of students agreed to the fact that they used computer with permission, 32(64%) of teachers emphasized that there were security passwords on computers in their schools, and 27(82.5%) of students indicated that there are codes of conduct guiding computer usage in their schools. However, 20(40%) of teachers emphasized that intrusion detective system was not used on computers in their schools to detect network attack and that 7(70%) of administrators and account clerks attested to the fact that Antivirus is installed on computers in my school
Conclusion: Many schools in the Keta Municipality do not have enough computers let alone sustainable power generation in the schools and this has affected effective teaching and learning and quality education delivering.
Mathematical Transmission of HIV/AID with Early Treatment
Authors: Akinwumi T. O. , Olopade I. A. , Adesanya A. O. , Alabi M. O. 
Published: June 2021

In this paper, a mathematical model for the transmission of HIV/AIDS with early treatment is developed and analyzed to gain insight into early treatment of HIV/AIDS and other epidemiological features that cause the progression from HIV to full blown AIDS. We established the basic reproduction number which is the average number of new secondary infection generated by a single infected individual during infectious period. The analysis shows that the disease free equilibrium is locally and globally asymptotically stable whenever the threshold quantity is less than unity i.e. Numerical analysis shows that the early treatment of latently infected individuals reduces the dynamical progression to full blown AIDS. The result also showed that immunity boosted substances increase the red blood cells, sensitivity analysis of basic reproduction number with respect to parameters showed that effective contact rate must not exceed 0.3 to avoid endemic stage.
Longitudinal predictions of young adults' weapons use and criminal behavior from their childhood exposure to violence
Authors: Huesmann L. Rowell , Dubow Eric F. , B. Boxer Paul , Bushman Brad J. , S. Smith Cathy , A. Docherty Meagan , J. O'Brien Maureen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this study, we examine whether youth who are exposed to more weapons violence are subsequently more likely to behave violently with weapons. We use data collected with a 3‐cohort, 4‐wave, 10‐year longitudinal study of 426 high‐risk youth from Flint, Michigan, who were second, fourth, or ninth‐graders in 2006–2007. The data were obtained from individual interviews with the youth, their parents, and their teachers, from archival school and criminal justice records, and from geo‐coded criminal offense data. These data show that early exposure to weapons violence significantly correlates at modest levels with weapon carrying, weapon use or threats‐to‐use, arrests for weapons use, and criminally violent acts 10 years later. Multiple regression analyses, controlling for children's initial aggressiveness, intellectual achievement, and parents' income, education, and aggression, reveal statistically significant independent 10‐year effects: (1) more early exposure to weapon use within the family predicts more using or threatening to use a gun; (2) more cumulative early violent video game playing predicts more gun using or threatening to use weapons, and normative beliefs that gun use is acceptable; (3) more cumulative early exposure to neighborhood gun violence predicts more arrests for a weapons crime; and (4) more cumulative early exposure to movie violence predicts more weapon carrying. We argue that youth who observe violence with weapons, whether in the family, among peers, or through the media or video games, are likely to be infected from exposure with a social–cognitive–emotional disease that increases their own risk of behaving violently with weapons later in life.
Image quality improvement with deep learning‐based reconstruction on abdominal ultrahigh‐resolution CT: A phantom study
Authors: Shirasaka Takashi , Kojima Tsukasa , Funama Yoshinori , Sakai Yuki , Kondo Masatoshi , Mikayama Ryoji , Hamasaki Hiroshi , Kato Toyoyuki , Ushijima Yasuhiro , Asayama Yoshiki , Nishie Akihiro 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurposeIn an ultrahigh‐resolution CT (U‐HRCT), deep learning‐based reconstruction (DLR) is expected to drastically reduce image noise without degrading spatial resolution. We assessed a new algorithm's effect on image quality at different radiation doses assuming an abdominal CT protocol.MethodsFor the normal‐sized abdominal models, a Catphan 600 was scanned by U‐HRCT with 100%, 50%, and 25% radiation doses. In all acquisitions, DLR was compared to model‐based iterative reconstruction (MBIR), filtered back projection (FBP), and hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR). For the quantitative assessment, we compared image noise, which was defined as the standard deviation of the CT number, and spatial resolution among all reconstruction algorithms.ResultsDeep learning‐based reconstruction yielded lower image noise than FBP and HIR at each radiation dose. DLR yielded higher image noise than MBIR at the 100% and 50% radiation doses (100%, 50%, DLR: 15.4, 16.9 vs MBIR: 10.2, 15.6 Hounsfield units: HU). However, at the 25% radiation dose, the image noise in DLR was lower than that in MBIR (16.7 vs. 26.6 HU). The spatial frequency at 10% of the modulation transfer function (MTF) in DLR was 1.0 cycles/mm, slightly lower than that in MBIR (1.05 cycles/mm) at the 100% radiation dose. Even when the radiation dose decreased, the spatial frequency at 10% of the MTF of DLR did not change significantly (50% and 25% doses, 0.98 and 0.99 cycles/mm, respectively).ConclusionDeep learning‐based reconstruction performs more consistently at decreasing dose in abdominal ultrahigh‐resolution CT compared to all other commercially available reconstruction algorithms evaluated.
Interface‐Rich Three‐Dimensional Au‐Doped PtBi Intermetallics as Highly Effective Anode Catalysts for Application in Alkaline Ethylene Glycol Fuel Cells
Authors: Yang Xiaotong , Yao Ke xin , Ye Jin Yu , Yuan Qiang , Zhao Fengling , Li Yongfei , Zhou Zhiyou 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe preparation of metal electrocatalysts with excellent comprehensive properties for application in alcohol fuel cells is an urgent issue. This study reports a novel 3D Au‐doped PtBi intermetallic phase woven by sub‐7 nm building blocks. The high‐efficiency “active auxiliary” Au advances the activity and in situ anti‐CO poisoning upon ethylene glycol electrooxidation on 3D PtBiAu, along with high CC bond cleavage and attainment of a ten‐electron complete electrooxidation via a CO‐free pathway. The interface‐rich 3D structure with “nanocontainer” function, electronic effect, and dual functional sites of “Pt–Au” or “Pt–Bi” enable the 3D PtBiAu to outperform industrial Pt black and 3D PtBi intermetallics significantly. The mass activity on the 3D Pt53.1Bi43.4Au3.5 intermetallics boosts to 28.72 A mgPt−1, higher than that reported in a previous study. The 3D Pt53.1Bi43.4Au3.5 exhibits superior performance to industrial Pt/C in direct ethylene glycol fuel cells (DEGFCs). The peak power density of 3D Pt53.1Bi43.4Au3.5 is 145/92 mW cm−2 in O2/air (80 °C). Importantly, the cell voltage shows a negligible decay in both O2 and air during the 20 h durability testing. This study results in the development of novel 3D PtBiAu intermetallics as high‐performance anode electrocatalysts for application in DEGFCs.
Near‐Field Drives Long‐Lived Shallow Trapping of Polymeric C3N4 for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Wang Wenchao , Bai Xueqin , Ci Qing , Du Lili , Ren Xingang , Phillips David Lee 
Published: June 2021

AbstractUndesired photoelectronic dormancy through active species decay is adverse to photoactivity enhancement. An insufficient extrinsic driving force leads to ultrafast deep charge trapping and photoactive species depopulation in carbon nitride (g‐C3N4). Excitation of shallow trapping in g‐C3N4 with long‐lived excited states opens up the possibility of pursuing high‐efficiency photocatalysis. Herein, a near‐field‐assisted model is constructed consisting of an In2O3‐cube/g‐C3N4 heterojunction associated with ultrafast photodynamic coupling. This In2O3‐cube‐induced near‐field assistance system provides catalytic “hot areas”, efficiently enhances the lifetimes of excited states and shallow trapping in g‐C3N4 and this favors an increased active species density. Optical simulations combined with time‐resolved transient absorption spectroscopy shows there is a built‐in charge transfer and the active species lifetimes are longer in the In2O3‐cube/g‐C3N4 hybrid. Besides these properties, the estimated overpotential and interfacial kinetics of the In2O3‐cube/g‐C3N4 hybrid co‐promotes the liquid phase reaction and also helps in boosting the photocatalytic performance. The photocatalytic results exhibit a tremendous improvement (34‐fold) for visible‐light‐driven hydrogen production. Near‐field‐assisted long‐lived active species and the influences of trap states is a novel finding for enhancing (g‐C3N4)‐based photocatalytic performance.