bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution to the knowledge of Limoniidae (Diptera: Tipuloidea): first records of 244 species from various European countries
Authors: Kolcsár Levente-Péter , Oosterbroek Pjotr , Gavryushin Dmitry , Olsen Kjell Magne , Paramonov Nikolai , Pilipenko Valentin , Starý Jaroslav , Polevoi Alexei , Lantsov Vladimir , Eiroa Eulalia , Andersson Michael , Salmela Jukka , Quindroit Clovis , d'Oliveira Micha , Hancock E. Geoffrey , Mederos Jorge , Boardman Pete , Viitanen Esko , Watanabe Kozo 
Published: July 2021

Limoniidae is one of the most species-rich Dipteran families, with 661 reported species in Europe. Despite the fact that the European limoniid crane fly fauna has been studied ever since Carolus Linnaeus, it is still poorly known.
In this study, we summarise the taxonomic and faunistic studies of European Limoniidae, which described new species and reported first country records, between 2010 and 2020. We also report occurrence data of 244 Limoniidae species which represent the first country records or conformational records from various European countries, as we report ten species from Albania, one from Austria, thirty-seven from Belarus, five from Belgium, two from Bulgaria, two from Estonia, six from Finland, seven from France, fourteen from Greece, sixteen from Hungary, two from Iceland, six from Italy, ten from Latvia, one from Malta, nine from Montenegro, two from The Netherlands, ten from North Macedonia, forty-two from Norway, one from Poland, five from Portugal, twenty from Romania, thirty-eight from Serbia, six from Slovenia, five from Spain and seven species from Sweden for the first time. From the European territory of Russia, we report twenty-eight species from Central European Russia, seventy-two from East European Russia, fifteen from North European Russia, one from Northwest European Russia and seven from North Caucasus for the first time. Confirmatory records and corrigenda are also included.
Place des médecins dans l’éducation parentale. Une médicalisation à géométrie variable
Authors: Pellissier-Fall Anne 
Published: July 2021

À partir d’une enquête qualitative menée auprès de 31 parents trentenaires, issus de milieux sociaux variés et dont la progéniture ne présente pas de problèmes de santé particuliers, cet article se propose d’analyser la place que prennent les médecins dans l’exercice ordinaire du « métier de parent » (Gojard, 2010). Le contexte contemporain est marqué par une tendance à la médicalisation qui se traduit, dans le domaine de l’éducation familiale, par le développement d’un discours médical sur la quasi-totalité des aspects de l’élevage des enfants. L’extension du champ d’expertise des médecins n’implique pas pour autant que les parents s’en saisissent dans son intégralité ou tous de la même manière. L’analyse révèle que, pour des raisons et dans des modalités variant selon les milieux sociaux, le champ d’action des médecins reste en partie « contrôlé » par les parents et que, la plupart du temps, ceux-ci leur accordent un rôle assez limité dans l’élevage de leurs enfants.
La place des dispositifs médicaux dans le réagencement des relations familiales et la constitution d’une communauté de pratique
Authors: Bichet Lydie 
Published: July 2021

À partir d’un terrain ethnographique réalisé dans deux hôpitaux et auprès de 13 familles d’enfants (de 6-14 ans) atteints de diabète de type 1, la contribution propose d’étudier les manières dont celles-ci, s’appropriant les traitements et dispositifs médicaux, forment des communautés de pratique (Lave et Wenger, 1991) constituées autour de la gestion quotidienne de la maladie. Nous verrons comment celles-ci élaborent collectivement un langage, des routines, des manières de faire et des connaissances qui leur sont propres et que nous mettrons en regard de celles fournies par l’hôpital et transcrites dans les divers dispositifs techniques.
Se coordonner avec les parents en hospitalisation pédiatrique à domicile : enrôler les parents pour limiter la médicalisation du domicile ?
Authors: Mougel Sarra 
Published: July 2021

L’observation sur une période de deux ans d’une équipe d’hospitalisation pédiatrique à domicile montre la manière dont les infirmières travaillent en se coordonnant avec les parents. C’est moins un envahissement du domicile par le médical que l’on observe en hospitalisation pédiatrique à domicile, qu’un enrôlement des parents dans les soins, que ce soit pour assister les infirmières qui se trouvent seules en visite, ou pour permettre aux parents de gagner en autonomie dans la réalisation des soins. Les parents sont alors amenés à occuper une posture délicate de « soignant » de leur propre enfant, y compris pour des gestes invasifs suscitant de l’inconfort. Le transfert du travail de soin vers les parents permet aux infirmières de se retirer à petits pas, tout en offrant aux parents un contrôle sur la trajectoire médicale de leur enfant.
Jeunes aidants : acteurs indispensables et invisibles de l’aide familiale
Authors: Bigossi Fabiela 
Published: July 2021

En s’appuyant sur des enquêtes statistiques en France, une revue de la littérature internationale et un travail de terrain ethnographique au Brésil, cet article analysera l’aide apportée par les jeunes à un membre de leur famille. Les jeunes aidants sont des enfants ou des adolescents qui fournissent une aide, une assistance ou un soutien à un proche malade, handicapé, âgé ou en fin de vie. Cette population reste assez méconnue par les recherches scientifiques sur l’aide informelle, ainsi que par les sondages français sur les ménages. Plusieurs facteurs expliquent l’invisibilité de ce groupe de proches aidants que l’association Jeunes aidants ensemble (JADE) et le sondage « Qui sont les jeunes aidants aujourd’hui en France ? » (Novartis-Ipsos, 2017) estiment à 500 000 en France métropolitaine en 2019. Parmi les raisons de cette invisibilité, nous évoquerons principalement la non-reconnaissance familiale et sociale de l’aide apportée par ces jeunes. L’article propose deux axes d’analyses des données : les aides apportées par les enfants et les adolescents au sein de leur famille (Marote et al., 2012 ; Leu et al., 2018) et l’impact de cette aide sur leur vie en général et sur leur santé en particulier (Becker, 2007).
Corneal Endothelial Layer Parameters in Patients Undergoing Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Gedik Can , Niyaz Leyla 
Published: July 2021

Purpose:
To investigate the effects of horizontal and oblique strabismus surgery on the corneal endothelial cell layer.

Methods:
Eighty-three eyes of 56 patients were prospectively evaluated. Corneal endothelial cell layer analysis was performed with a specular microscopy device (EM-3000; Tomey Corporation) preoperatively and 1 day, 2 weeks, and 2 months postoperatively. Endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation, average cell area, standard deviation (SD) of the endothelial cell area, hexagonality, and central corneal thickness (CCT) were evaluated.

Results:
Endothelial cell density, average cell area, and SD of the endothelial cell area did not show a statistically significant change postoperatively. In the one and two horizontal muscle surgery groups, the hexagonality measurements 2 weeks postoperatively were significantly lower compared to preoperative values. In the one horizontal muscle surgery group and when all patients were examined, CCT 1 day postoperatively was significantly higher than 2 weeks postoperatively. No significant change was observed postoperatively in any of the endothelial parameters in the oblique surgery group. Spherical equivalent was positively correlated with endothelial cell density and CCT, and it was negatively correlated with the average cell area and age. Age was positively correlated with the average cell area and the SD of the endothelial cell area, negatively correlated with endothelial cell density and hexagonality, and was not correlated with the coefficient of variation or CCT.

Conclusions:
There is a temporary effect of horizontal strabismus surgery on hexagonality and corneal thickness. A definite decrease in cellular hexagonality occurs as the number of endothelial cells decrease and cell areas increase with age.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabimus
. 2021;58(4):254–260.]
An Aerolysin-like Pore-Forming Protein Complex Targets Viral Envelope to Inactivate Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
Authors: Liu Long , Deng Cheng-Jie , Duan Ya-Li , Ye Chen-Jun , Gong Dao-Hua , Guo Xiao-Long , Lee Wen-Hui , Zhou Jumin , Li Sheng-An , Zhang Yun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Because most of animal viruses are enveloped, cytoplasmic entry of these viruses via fusion with cellular membrane initiates their invasion. However, the strategies in which host cells counteract cytoplasmic entry of such viruses are incompletely understood. Pore-forming toxin aerolysin-like proteins (ALPs) exist throughout the animal kingdom, but their functions are mostly unknown. In this study, we report that βγ-crystallin fused aerolysin-like protein and trefoil factor complex (βγ-CAT), an ALP and trefoil factor complex from the frog Bombina maxima, directly blocks enveloped virus invasion by interfering with cytoplasmic entry. βγ-CAT targeted acidic glycosphingolipids on the HSV type 1 (HSV-1) envelope to induce pore formation, as indicated by the oligomer formation of protein and potassium and calcium ion efflux. Meanwhile, βγ-CAT formed ring-like oligomers of ∼10 nm in diameter on the liposomes and induced dye release from liposomes that mimic viral envelope. Unexpectedly, transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the βγ-CAT–treated HSV-1 was visibly as intact as the vehicle-treated HSV-1, indicating that βγ-CAT did not lyse the viral envelope. However, the cytoplasmic entry of the βγ-CAT–treated HSV-1 into HeLa cells was totally hindered. In vivo, topical application of βγ-CAT attenuated the HSV-1 corneal infection in mice. Collectively, these results uncovered that βγ-CAT possesses the capacity to counteract enveloped virus invasion with its featured antiviral-acting manner. Our findings will also largely help to illustrate the putative antiviral activity of animal ALPs.
Cutting Edge: Recruitment, Retention, and Migration Underpin Functional Phenotypic Heterogeneity of Regulatory T Cells in Tumors
Authors: Ikebuchi Ryoyo , Moriya Taiki , Ueda Mizuki , Yasuda Ippei , Kusumoto Yutaka , Chtanova Tatyana , Tomura Michio 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been extensively studied as therapeutic targets. However, not all infiltrating T cells exert their functions equally, presumably because of their heterogeneity and substantial turnover in tissues. In this study, we hypothesized that intertissue migration underlies the functional heterogeneity of Tregs. To test this, we applied in vivo photolabeling to examine single-cell diversity of immunosuppressive molecules in mouse Tregs migrating to, remaining in, and emigrating from MC38 tumors. Neuropilin-1 (Nrp1) expression was inversely correlated with that of six other molecules associated with Treg function. Unsupervised clustering analyses revealed that clusters containing Tregs that were retained in tumors expressed high levels of the six functional molecules but not of Nrp1. However, these clusters represented only half of the Tregs migrating to the tumor, suggesting evolving heterogeneity of tumor-infiltrating Tregs. Thus, we propose progressive pathways of Treg activation and migration between tumors and draining lymph nodes.
cGAS Is a Negative Regulator of RIG-I–Mediated IFN Response in Cyprinid Fish
Authors: Zhou Yu , Lei Yi , Lu Long-Feng , Chen Dan-Dan , Zhang Can , Li Zhuo-Cong , Zhou Xiao-Yu , Li Shun , Zhang Yong-An 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In mammals, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) recognizes cytosolic dsDNA to induce the type I IFN response. However, the functional role of cGAS in the IFN response of fish remains unclear or controversial. In this study, we report that cGAS orthologs from crucian carp Carassius auratus (CacGAS) and grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus (CicGAS) target the dsRNA sensor retinoic acid–inducible gene I (RIG-I) for negative regulation of the IFN response. First, poly(deoxyadenylic-deoxythymidylic) acid–, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid–, and spring viremia of carp virus–induced IFN responses were impaired by overexpression of CacGAS and CicGAS. Then, CacGAS and CicGAS interacted with CiRIG-I and CiMAVS and inhibited CiRIG-I– and CiMAVS-mediated IFN induction. Moreover, the K63-linked ubiquitination of CiRIG-I and the interaction between CiRIG-I and CiMAVS were attenuated by CacGAS and CicGAS. Finally, CacGAS and CicGAS decreased CiRIG-I–mediated the cellular antiviral response and facilitated viral replication. Taken together, data in this study identify CacGAS and CicGAS as negative regulators in RIG-I–like receptor signaling, which extends the current knowledge regarding the role of fish cGAS in the innate antiviral response.
mTORC1 Signaling Regulates Proinflammatory Macrophage Function and Metabolism
Authors: Collins Samuel L , Oh Min-Hee , Sun Im-Hong , Chan-Li Yee , Zhao Liang , Powell Jonathan D , Horton Maureen R 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Metabolic programming is integrally linked to immune cell function. Nowhere is this clearer than in the differentiation of macrophages. Proinflammatory M1 macrophages primarily use glycolysis as a rapid energy source but also to generate antimicrobial compounds, whereas alternatively activated M2 macrophages primarily rely on oxidative phosphorylation for the longevity required for proper wound healing. mTOR signaling has been demonstrated to be a key regulator of immune cell metabolism and function. mTORC2 signaling is required for the generation of M2 macrophages, whereas the role of mTORC1 signaling, a key regulator of glycolysis, has been controversial. By using genetic deletion of mTORC1 signaling in C57BL/6 mouse macrophages, we observed enhanced M1 macrophage function in vitro and in vivo. Surprisingly, this enhancement occurred despite a significant defect in M1 macrophage glycolytic metabolism. Mechanistically, enhanced M1 function occurred because of inhibition of the class III histone deacetylases the sirtuins, resulting in enhanced histone acetylation. Our findings provide a counterpoint to the paradigm that enhanced immune cell function must occur in the presence of increased cellular metabolism and identifies a potential, pharmacologic target for the regulation of inflammatory responses.
Low-carb Diet in Hospitalized Late Pubertal Type 1 Diabetic Girls
Authors: Öz Nefise Aribas , Arslanoglu Ilknur , Cangür Sengül , Bolu Semih , Kocabay Kenan 
Published: July 2021

Objective:
We conducted the present study to observe potential short-term benefits or risks of low-carb diet (LCD).

Methods:
This is a prospective randomized cross-over study. Type 1 diabetic girls were hospitalized in ternary groups for 7 days and each group randomly started with LCD or regular diet. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was performed between 0 and 168 h.

Results:
Twenty-eight subjects completed the study. Total energy, protein, and fat consumption were high (P < 0.001); carbohydrate consumption and rapidly acting insulin dose were low (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively) during LCD. Morning postprandial, noon postprandial, and evening preprandial capillary blood sugar levels were lower during LCD (P = 0.013, 0.018, and 0.048, respectively).

Conclusion:
LCD may have the advantage of better glycemic control despite lower insulin dose which is a favorable outcome with regard to weight control and atherosclerosis prevention. No adverse events were observed.
Assessing Adequacy of Iodine Intake among Children from 6 Months to 15 Years of Age from Hilly Terrains of North India
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Raina Sunil K. , Chauhan Raman , Kumar Parveen , Sharma Sushant , Goel Chirag 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Routine outcome-based monitoring is required to assess the status of consumption of iodized salt as USI strategy.

Objective:
To assess the extent of recent iodine intake among children from 6 to 15 years of age in the hilly terrain of northern states of India.

Methods:
A school-based cross-sectional observational study among 227 children attending school was done for assessment of socio-demographic, dietary, salt consumption and urinary iodine concentration (UIC).

Results:
Mean age of children was about 6 years and 87.7% were consuming salt of >30 and none with <15 ppm iodine content. Median UIC was 138.0 μg/L. Among those assessed, 37.9% had adequate level of UIC, whereas about 20% and 40% participants had less (<99.0 μg/L) and more than adequate to excessive (≥200 μg/L) levels of UIC. Insignificant difference (p = 0.07) was observed for mean log UIC between cabbage eaters (2.3) and non-eaters (1.9) consuming salt >5 grams/day.

Conclusion:
Recent iodine intake among children observed to be inadequate and effect of cruciferous food items on UIC needs to be studied despite high coverage of iodized salt among children.
Insulin Usage and Practices in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Donepudi Ashrita , Donepudi Harshini S. , Ayyagari Mythili 
Published: July 2021

Context:
Data on insulin usage and practices in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is sparse in India.

Aims:
To analyze the various insulin types and regimens used by children and adolescents with T1D, the techniques and the devices used for insulin administration, and the storage and disposal methods of delivery devices.

Settings and Design:
Observational cross-sectional study.

Methods and Materials:
Study subjects were children and adolescents with T1D ≥6 months and informed consent was obtained. A detailed demographic history was collected, and a predesigned, pretested questionnaire was used.

Results:
The number of subjects were 90 (M: F; 32:58), age ranging from 3 to 18 years and duration of T1D was 6 months to 16 years. Mean age was 13 ± 4.6 yrs, HbA1c was 9.11 ± 2.2% and duration was 5 years. Conventional insulins were more commonly used than analogs. Basal-bolus (BB) regimen was used in 49% of the subjects. Mean HbA1c for analogs was 7.6% and conventional was 9.3% (p = 0.001). HbA1c <8% was significantly more in those aged 3-8 yrs, mean duration ≤4.1 yrs, those using pens and BB regimen. Fifty-six percent were using own refrigerators for storage and the most common barriers for insulin usage were fear of hypoglycemia (37%), inaccessibility (20%), and apprehension of shots (18%). Site rotation patterns were followed by 84% and 94% of the subjects reported disposing syringes and sharps as general waste.

Conclusions:
Conventional insulins and vial-syringes remain the most commonly used insulin delivery systems. Glycemic control was better in younger age, lesser duration, BB regimen, analog usage, and pen devices.
Detection and Classification of Myocardial Infarction with Support Vector Machine Classifier Using Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Safdarian Naser , Nezhad Shadi Yoosefian Dezfuli , Dabanloo Nader Jafarnia 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Providing a noninvasive, rapid, and cost-effective approach to diagnose of myocardial infarction (MI) is essential in the early stages of electrocardiogram (ECG) signaling. In this article, we proposed the new optimization method for support vector machine (SVM) classifier to MI classification.

Methods:
After preprocessing ECG signal and noise removal, three features such as Q-wave integral, T-wave integral, and QRS-complex integral have been extracted in this study. After that, different statistical tests have evaluated the matrix of these features. To more accurately detect and classify the MI disease, optimizing the SVM classification parameters using the grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) was first used in this study (that called SVM-GOA).

Results:
After applying the GOA on the SVM classifier for all three kernels, the final results of MI detection for sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 100% ± 0%, 100% ± 0%, and 100% ± 0%, respectively. The final results of different MI types' classification after applying the GOA on SVM for polynomial kernel were obtained 100% ± 0%, 97.37% ± 0%, and 94.2% ± 0.2% for sensitivity and specificity and accuracy, respectively. However, the results of both linear and RBF kernels that were used for the SVM classifier method have also shown a significant increase after using GOA.

Conclusion:
This article's results show the highly desirable effect of applying a GOA to optimize different kernel parameters used in the SVM classifier for accurate detection and classification of MI. The proposed algorithm's final results show that the proposed system has a relatively higher performance than other previous studies.
Speckle Tracking Accuracy Enhancement by Temporal Super-Resolution of Three-Dimensional Echocardiography Images
Authors: Jalali Mohammad , Behnam Hamid 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Speckle tracking has always been a challenging issue in echocardiography images due to the lowcontrast and noisy nature of ultrasonic imaging modality. While in ultrasound imaging, framerate is limited by image size and sound speed in tissue, speckle tracking results get worse inthree-dimensional imaging due to its lower frame rate. Therefore, numerous techniques have beenreported to overcome this limitation and enhance tracking accuracy.

Methods:
In this work, we have proposedto increase the frame rate temporally for a sequence of three-dimensional (3D) echocardiographyframes to make tracking more accurate. To increase the number of frames, cubic B-spline is usedto interpolate between intensity variation time curves extracted from every single voxel in theimage during the cardiac cycle. We have shown that the frame rate increase will result in trackingaccuracy improvement.

Results:
To prove the efficiency of the proposed method, numerical evaluation metricsfor tracking are reported to make a comparison between high temporal resolution sequences andlow temporal resolution sequences. Anatomical affine optical flow is selected as the state-of-the-artspeckle tracking method, and a 3D echocardiography dataset is used to evaluate the proposedmethod.

Conclusion:
Results show that it is beneficial for speckle tracking to perform on temporally condensedframes rather than ordinary clinical 3D echocardiography images. Normalized mean enhancementvalues for mean absolute error, Hausdorff distance, and Dice index for all cases and all frames are0.44 ± 0.09, 0.42± 0.09, and 0.36 ± 0.06, respectively.