bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Timing of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction and Chondral Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Prodromidis Apostolos D. , Drosatou Chrysoula , Mourikis Anastasios , Sutton Paul M. , Charalambous Charalambos P. 
Published: September 2021

Background: After anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, the optimal timing of ACL reconstruction and the influence of this timing on chondral damage remain unclear. Purpose: To assess the effect of timing of ACL reconstruction on the presence of chondral injuries via a systematic review and meta-analysis. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Two reviewers independently performed systematic literature searches of 5 online databases using the Cochrane methodology for systematic reviews. Eligibility criteria were any comparative study of patients aged >16 years that assessed the relationship between timing of primary ACL reconstruction surgery and rates of chondral injuries. Meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model. Results: After screening, 14 studies (n = 3559 patients) out of 2363 titles met the inclusion criteria: 3 randomized controlled trials (n = 272), 3 prospective cohort studies (n = 398), and 8 retrospective cohort studies (n = 2889). In analysis of the studies, chondral injury rates were compared between ACL reconstructions performed before and after 3 time points: 3, 6, and 12 months after injury (eg, ≤3 vs >3 months). The rates of chondral injury increased with each time point. The increase was mostly due to low-grade injuries at 3 months (estimated odds ratio, 1.914; 95% CI, 1.242-2.949; P = .003), with the increase in high-grade injuries becoming predominant after 12 months (estimated odds ratio, 3.057; 95% CI, 1.460-6.40; P = .003). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that delaying ACL reconstruction surgery results in a higher rate of chondral injuries and the severity of these lesions worsens with time. These findings are comparable with those of our previously published study, which demonstrated a higher risk of meniscal tears associated with delayed ACL surgery. When ACL reconstruction is indicated, surgery ≤3 months after injury is associated with a lower risk of intra-articular damage. Registration: CRD42016032846 (PROSPERO).
Salvage Iliac Crest Bone Grafting for a Failed Latarjet Procedure: Analysis of Failed and Successful Procedures
Authors: Ernstbrunner Lukas , Pastor Torsten , Waltenspül Manuel , Gerber Christian , Wieser Karl 
Published: September 2021

Background: The Latarjet is a successful procedure but can be associated with significant complications, including failure. Iliac crest bone grafting (ICBG) is one of the salvage options for such failure. Purpose: To analyze factors associated with failure or success to restore shoulder stability with ICBG after Latarjet failure. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Twenty consecutive patients with recurrence of instability after a Latarjet procedure underwent revision using ICBG. Sixteen patients (80%) with a mean age of 35.0 years (range, 25-55) could be personally reexamined clinically and radiographically (including computed tomography scan) after a mean follow-up of 4.5 years (range, 2-8). Twelve patients had redislocation and 4 had recurrent subluxation after the Latarjet. Results: Salvage ICBG failed in 7 patients because of recurrent dislocations, with 5 necessitating reoperations: 2 arthrodeses, 1 reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, 1 repeat ICBG, and 1 Hill-Sachs allograft reconstruction and Bankart repair. Factors associated with ICBG failure were multidirectional instability (n = 2), subscapularis insufficiency (n = 1), uncontrolled seizures (n = 1), static inferior glenohumeral subluxation (n = 1), total graft resorption (n = 1), and voluntary dislocation attributed to schizoaffective disorder (n = 1). The initial Latarjet graft was malpositioned (too medial) in 3 of these patients. In patients without recurrent instability (n = 9), reasons for Latarjet failure were graft related: 6 graft avulsions, 2 graft resorptions, and 1 medial graft malpositioning. The mean absolute Constant score (62 to 87 points, P = .012) and relative Constant score (66% to 91%, P = .012), pain (10 to 15 points, P < .001), and Subjective Shoulder Value (31% to 85%, P = .011) in the group with a successful procedure were significantly improved over the preoperative state, and the total Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index averaged 64% at final follow-up. Except in 1 case of major resorption, mild graft resorption or none was observed in successful procedures. Axial and sagittal graft positioning was good in all 9 patients. Conclusions: Salvage ICBG for failed Latarjet procedures failed in 7 of 16 patients. It was successful in patients with clearly graft-related factors of the initial Latarjet procedure. However, patients with unclear instability symptoms, subscapularis insufficiency, inferior subluxation, uncontrolled seizures, or psychological disorders were poor candidates for salvage ICBG, underlining the importance of careful patient selection for the initial Latarjet procedure and for salvage ICBG.
Exploring Memory Care Clinics in Minnesota: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Birkeland Robyn W. , McCarron Hayley R. , Nkimberg Manka , Gaugler Joseph E. 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: We explored memory clinic care provision in Minnesota, examining diversity and similarities of services provided and challenges faced. We also considered how well their services and care philosophies aligned with national dementia care practice recommendations. Methods: We created a 53-question interview guide and interviewed 11 memory clinics across Minnesota in late 2019. Interview transcripts were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analyses in NVivo 12. Results: We identified 6 themes regarding financial issues, staffing, appointment logistics, care provision during and after the memory evaluation as well as features of an ideal clinic. Conclusions: Memory evaluation and care provision were very different across clinics, primarily due to team make-up, particularly team size and specialty. However, memory care providers shared a passion for providing patient-centered memory care, emphasizing family and patient education and partnership. Their care was largely aligned with national memory care recommendations. Common challenges, including maintaining financial stability and clinic efficiency, exerted significant influence on clinic functioning and survival.
Public attitudes towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and performance in Singapore
Authors: Roy Chowdhury Susmita , Anantharaman Venkataraman 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundBystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rates remain fairly low through most communities despite multiple interventions through the years. Understanding the attitudes and fears behind CPR training and performance would help target education and training to raise the rates of bystander CPR and consequently survival rates of victims. 7909 participants at a single-day mass CPR training session in Singapore were given survey questionnaires to fill out. 6473 people submitted completed forms upon the conclusion of the training session. Some issues looked at were the overall level of difficulty of CPR, difficulty levels of specific skills, attitudes towards refresher training, attitudes towards performing CPR, and fears when doing so.ResultsThe mean level of difficulty of CPR was rated 3.98 (scale of 1–10), with those with previous CPR training rating it easier. The skills rated most difficult were performing mouth-to-mouth breathing and chest compressions, while the easiest rated was recognizing non-responsiveness. A majority (69.7%) would agree to go for refresher training every 2 years and 88.7% felt everyone should be trained in CPR. 71.6% would perform full CPR for a member of the public in cardiac arrest and only 20.7% would prefer to only do chest compressions. The most cited fear was a low level of confidence, and fears of acquiring infections or aversion to mouth-to-mouth breathing were low.ConclusionsThe survey results show that most participants in Singapore are keen to perform conventional CPR for a member of the public and can help to target future CPR training accordingly.
Finding functional associations between prokaryotic virus orthologous groups: a proof of concept
Authors: Pappas Nikolaos , Dutilh Bas E. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The field of viromics has greatly benefited from recent developments in metagenomics, with significant efforts focusing on viral discovery. However, functional annotation of the increasing number of viral genomes is lagging behind. This is highlighted by the degree of annotation of the protein clusters in the prokaryotic Virus Orthologous Groups (pVOGs) database, with 83% of its current 9518 pVOGs having an unknown function.

Results
In this study we describe a machine learning approach to explore potential functional associations between pVOGs. We measure seven genomic features and use them as input to a Random Forest classifier to predict protein–protein interactions between pairs of pVOGs. After systematic evaluation of the model’s performance on 10 different datasets, we obtained a predictor with a mean accuracy of 0.77 and Area Under Receiving Operation Characteristic (AUROC) score of 0.83. Its application to a set of 2,133,027 pVOG-pVOG interactions allowed us to predict 267,265 putative interactions with a reported probability greater than 0.65. At an expected false discovery rate of 0.27, we placed 95.6% of the previously unannotated pVOGs in a functional context, by predicting their interaction with a pVOG that is functionally annotated.

Conclusions
We believe that this proof-of-concept methodology, wrapped in a reproducible and automated workflow, can represent a significant step towards obtaining a more complete picture of bacteriophage biology.
FALCON2: a web server for high-quality prediction of protein tertiary structures
Authors: Kong Lupeng , Ju Fusong , Zhang Haicang , Sun Shiwei , Bu Dongbo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundAccurate prediction of protein tertiary structures is highly desired as the knowledge of protein structures provides invaluable insights into protein functions. We have designed two approaches to protein structure prediction, including a template-based modeling approach (called ProALIGN) and an ab initio prediction approach (called ProFOLD). Briefly speaking, ProALIGN aligns a target protein with templates through exploiting the patterns of context-specific alignment motifs and then builds the final structure with reference to the homologous templates. In contrast, ProFOLD uses an end-to-end neural network to estimate inter-residue distances of target proteins and builds structures that satisfy these distance constraints. These two approaches emphasize different characteristics of target proteins: ProALIGN exploits structure information of homologous templates of target proteins while ProFOLD exploits the co-evolutionary information carried by homologous protein sequences. Recent progress has shown that the combination of template-based modeling and ab initio approaches is promising.ResultsIn the study, we present FALCON2, a web server that integrates ProALIGN and ProFOLD to provide high-quality protein structure prediction service. For a target protein, FALCON2 executes ProALIGN and ProFOLD simultaneously to predict possible structures and selects the most likely one as the final prediction result. We evaluated FALCON2 on widely-used benchmarks, including 104 CASP13 (the 13th Critical Assessment of protein Structure Prediction) targets and 91 CASP14 targets. In-depth examination suggests that when high-quality templates are available, ProALIGN is superior to ProFOLD and in other cases, ProFOLD shows better performance. By integrating these two approaches with different emphasis, FALCON2 server outperforms the two individual approaches and also achieves state-of-the-art performance compared with existing approaches.ConclusionsBy integrating template-based modeling and ab initio approaches, FALCON2 provides an easy-to-use and high-quality protein structure prediction service for the community and we expect it to enable insights into a deep understanding of protein functions.
Microbial trend analysis for common dynamic trend, group comparison, and classification in longitudinal microbiome study
Authors: Wang Chan , Hu Jiyuan , Blaser Martin J. , Li Huilin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe human microbiome is inherently dynamic and its dynamic nature plays a critical role in maintaining health and driving disease. With an increasing number of longitudinal microbiome studies, scientists are eager to learn the comprehensive characterization of microbial dynamics and their implications to the health and disease-related phenotypes. However, due to the challenging structure of longitudinal microbiome data, few analytic methods are available to characterize the microbial dynamics over time.ResultsWe propose a microbial trend analysis (MTA) framework for the high-dimensional and phylogenetically-based longitudinal microbiome data. In particular, MTA can perform three tasks: 1) capture the common microbial dynamic trends for a group of subjects at the community level and identify the dominant taxa; 2) examine whether or not the microbial overall dynamic trends are significantly different between groups; 3) classify an individual subject based on its longitudinal microbial profiling. Our extensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed MTA framework is robust and powerful in hypothesis testing, taxon identification, and subject classification. Our real data analyses further illustrate the utility of MTA through a longitudinal study in mice.ConclusionsThe proposed MTA framework is an attractive and effective tool in investigating dynamic microbial pattern from longitudinal microbiome studies.
Genome collinearity analysis illuminates the evolution of donkey chromosome 1 and horse chromosome 5 in perissodactyls: A comparative study
Authors: Li Shaohua , Zhao Gaoping , Han Hongmei , Li Yunxia , Li Jun , Wang Jinfeng , Cao Guifang , Li Xihe 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
It is important to resolve the evolutionary history of species genomes as it has affected both genome organization and chromosomal architecture. The rapid innovation in sequencing technologies and the improvement in assembly algorithms have enabled the creation of highly contiguous genomes. DNA Zoo, a global organization dedicated to animal conservation, offers more than 150 chromosome-length genome assemblies. This database has great potential in the comparative genomics field.

Results
Using the donkey (Equus asinus asinus, EAS) genome provided by DNA Zoo as an example, the scaffold N50 length and Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Ortholog score reached 95.5 Mb and 91.6%, respectively. We identified the cytogenetic nomenclature, corrected the direction of the chromosome-length sequence of the donkey genome, analyzed the genome-wide chromosomal rearrangements between the donkey and horse, and illustrated the evolution of the donkey chromosome 1 and horse chromosome 5 in perissodactyls.

Conclusions
The donkey genome provided by DNA Zoo has relatively good continuity and integrity. Sequence-based comparative genomic analyses are useful for chromosome evolution research. Several previously published chromosome painting results can be used to identify the cytogenetic nomenclature and correct the direction of the chromosome-length sequence of new assemblies. Compared with the horse genome, the donkey chromosomes 1, 4, 20, and X have several obvious inversions, consistent with the results of previous studies. A 4.8 Mb inverted structure was first discovered in the donkey chromosome 25 and plains zebra chromosome 11. We speculate that the inverted structure and the tandem fusion of horse chromosome 31 and 4 are common features of non-caballine equids, which supports the correctness of the existing Equus phylogeny to an extent.
Evaluating a new verbal working memory-balance program: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial study on Iranian children with dyslexia
Authors: Ramezani Mehdi , Behzadipour Saeed , Pourghayoomi Ehsan , Joghataei Mohammad Taghi , Shirazi Elham , Fawcett Angela J. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
It is important to improve verbal Working Memory (WM) in reading disability, as it is a key factor in learning. There are commercial verbal WM training programs, which have some short-term effects only on the verbal WM capacity, not reading. However, because of some weaknesses in current verbal WM training programs, researchers suggested designing and developing newly structured programs that particularly target educational functions such as reading skills. In the current double-blind randomized clinical trial study, we designed a new Verbal Working Memory-Balance (VWM-B) program which was carried out using a portable robotic device. The short-term effects of the VWM-B program, on verbal WM capacity, reading skills, and postural control were investigated in Iranian children with developmental dyslexia.

Results
The effectiveness of the VWM-B program was compared with the VWM-program as a traditional verbal WM training. In comparison with VWM-program, the participants who received training by the VWM-B program showed superior performance on verbal WM capacity, reading skills, and postural control after a short-term intervention.

Conclusions
We proposed that the automatized postural control resulting from VWM-B training had a positive impact on improving verbal WM capacity and reading ability. Based on the critical role of the cerebellum in automatizing skills, our findings support the cerebellar deficit theory in dyslexia.
Trial registration: This trial was (retrospectively) registered on 8 February 2018 with the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20171219037953N1).
Socially desirable responding in geriatric outpatients with and without mild cognitive impairment and its association with the assessment of self-reported mental health
Authors: Nicolini Paola , Abbate Carlo , Inglese Silvia , Mari Daniela , Rossi Paolo D. , Cesari Matteo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Socially desirable responding is a potentially relevant issue in older adults and can be evaluated with the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MCSDS). However, the eight-item MCSDS has never been specifically administered to geriatric subjects, and there is a dearth of literature on the relationship between social desirability and cognitive impairment. Also, the connection between social desirability and subjective measures of psychological well-being is a matter of controversy. This study has three main aims. First, to determine the psychometric properties of the eight-item MCSDS in geriatric outpatients without dementia (i.e. with normal cognition (NC) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI)). Second, to investigate the link between social desirability and cognitive functioning. Third, to determine the association between social desirability and the assessment of self-reported mental health.

Methods
Community-dwelling outpatients (aged ≥ 65) were consecutively recruited and neuropsychologically tested to diagnose NC or MCI (n = 299). Social desirability was assessed with the eight-item MCSDS. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured with the short Geriatric Depression (GDS-s) and the State-Trait Personality Inventory Trait Anxiety (STPI-TA) scales.

Results
On principal components analysis, the eight-item MCSDS was found to have a multidimensional structure. Of the initial three-component solution, only two subscales had acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.6): “Acceptance of responsibility” and “Integrity”. The third subscale (“Kindness towards others”) appeared to gauge two distinct constructs of formal (i.e. politeness) versus substantive (i.e. forgiveness) compassion. On binary logistic regression, only higher income was a significant predictor of formal compassion. Test-retest reliability was substantial to excellent (Gwet’s AC2 ≥ 0.8). There were no meaningful differences in social desirability between the NC and MCI groups. Likewise, negative Spearman’s correlations between social desirability and cognitive Z-scores across the whole sample were weak (rs < |0.3|) and confined to one MCSDS item. Although social desirability was an independent predictor of the STPI-TA score in multiple linear regression, it explained only a marginal amount of incremental variance in anxiety symptoms (less than 2%).

Conclusions
Our results suggest that social desirability need not be a major concern when using questionnaires to assess mental health in geriatric outpatients without dementia.
Reversible splenial lesion syndrome with mental disorders as only manifestation
Authors: Xu Ziyun , Zhou Zhaoguang , Jang Wentao , Tian Jianhong , Hou Gangqiang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundReversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) was reported to be associated with variable entities. However, much less is known about the cases in which the mental disorders act as the only manifestation.MethodTotal ten patients of RESLES were obtained in this retrospective study from Shenzhen Kangning Hospital. T1-fluid attenuated inversion recovery (T1-FLAIR), T2-weighted images, T2-FLAIR, diffusion-weighted images and apparent diffusion coefficient map were performed on all the patients. Clinical manifestations, laboratory examination results, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, treatments and outcomes were analyzed.ResultAll patients showed different mental disorders as the only manifestation. There were two cases of alcohol abuse, one of Asperger’s syndrome with malnutrition, one of infection and one of invasive pituitary adenoma. The other cases were diagnosis as major depressive disorder, dissociative and conversion disorders, undifferentiated somatoform disorder, unspecified psychosis and bipolar disorder, respectively. Three patients were completely recovered while the clinical symptoms of rest seven patients partially recovered at the follow-up three months later. Oval-shaped lesion centered on the splenial of corpus callosum (SCC) was observed in all patients using MRI. The lesions of SCC of all patients were completely resolved within five weeks.ConclusionsWe found that RESLES might only showed mental symptoms. On the one hand, for the patients with acute mental disorders, clinicians should be alert to the possibility of RESLES caused by physical disease. On the other hand, we suggest that mental disorder might be a precipitating factor of RESLES.