bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic and functional leaf trait diversity throughout the distribution of two Cerrado tree species: Testing the centre‐periphery hypothesis
Authors: Pfeilsticker Thais R. , Buzatti Renata S. O. , Muniz André C. , Bueno Marcelo L. , Lemos‐Filho José P. , Lovato Maria Bernadete 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimThe centre‐periphery hypothesis (CPH) states that peripheral populations exhibit lower genetic diversity, abundance and size, and higher differentiation compared to central populations, due to a decline in environmental suitability towards range margins. Here, we tested if neutral genetic diversity and functional leaf trait diversity fit the predicted patterns of the CPH.LocationCerrado, Brazil.TaxonQualea grandiflora (Vochysiaceae) and Annona crassiflora (Annonaceae).MethodsVariation in eight functional leaf traits and nine or eight microsatellite loci were analysed in 37 populations (777 individuals) of Q. grandiflora and 21 populations (397 individuals) of A. crassiflora. We tested CPH using three distinct centres of species’ range: geographical (centre of species’ geographic occurrence), historical (centre of species’ refugia) and ecological (centre of species’ current suitability areas). Generalised linear regressions were performed between genetic diversity and differentiation, coefficients of variation and means of leaf metamer traits of populations and their distances from each centre.ResultsA decrease in allele richness was observed from central towards peripheral populations for ecological (both species) and geographical centres (Q. grandiflora). Overall, the results for both species pointed to a decrease in metamer vigour towards marginal populations, pattern consistent with a decrease in environmental suitability towards periphery as predicted by CPH. Besides geographical and ecological centres, leaf traits fitted CPH considering historical centre.Main ConclusionsResults for leaf traits and genetic diversity of two phylogenetically distant species indicate the consistency of the CPH for Cerrado species. Our results highlight the importance of considering distinct centres and a great number of populations along species’ range to better determinate the processes underlying the distribution of genetic diversity and functional traits. The low genetic diversity and metamer vigour in marginal populations can explain the Cerrado endemism of studied species and suggest that the ongoing climatic changes can be critical for their survival.
Psychometric evaluation of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator body image concerns questionnaire (ICD‐BICQ)
Authors: Frydensberg Vivi Skibdal , Johansen Jens Brock , Möller Sören , Strömberg Anna , Pedersen Susanne S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundPatients receiving an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) generally adapt well to living with their device, but we know little about the prevalence of patients' body image concerns (BICs) postimplant.MethodsThe objectives were to evaluate the psychometric properties of the ICD‐body image concerns questionnaire (BICQ), find a cut‐off indicating BICs and determine the prevalence of BICs. Construct validity was determined using the Kaiser‐Meyer‐Olkin test, Scree‐plot and explorative factor analysis. Internal consistency was examined via Cronbach's alpha. Correlations to other validated questionnaires, a weighted and simple scale and a cut‐off indicating BICs was evaluated.ResultsIn total, 331 patients completed the 39‐item ICD‐BICQ together with: Type D Scale (DS14), Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD‐7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9), and Florida Patient Acceptance Survey. Five patients were excluded due to reoperations, leaving 326 patients in the analyses. Results revealed a one‐factor structure with 32 items and Cronbach's alpha at .948. A cut‐off at 36 points displayed the 20% patients with the highest score of BICs. The prevalence was 29.8% in women and 18.4% in men.ConclusionThe psychometric evaluation of the 32‐item ICD‐BICQ showed acceptable construct validity and internal reliability. We recommend a cut‐off score at 36 points to identify patients at risk of having BICs. The prevalence of BICs indicated that both men and women are at risk of having BICs. The ICD‐BICQ can be used in clinical practice to help healthcare professionals to identify patients at risk of BICs and as to evaluate BICs when implementing new operation techniques.
The effect of immune cell‐derived exosomes in the cardiac tissue repair after myocardial infarction: Molecular mechanisms and pre‐clinical evidence
Authors: Wen Heling , Peng Lei , Chen Yu 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAfter a myocardial infarction (MI), the inflammatory responses are induced and assist to repair ischaemic injury and restore tissue integrity, but excessive inflammatory processes promote abnormal cardiac remodelling and progress towards heart failure. Thus, a timely resolution of inflammation and a firmly regulated balance between regulatory and inflammatory mechanisms can be helpful. Molecular‐ and cellular‐based approaches modulating immune response post‐MI have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy. Exosomes are essential mediators of cell‐to‐cell communications, which are effective in modulating immune responses and immune cells following MI, improving the repair process of infarcted myocardium and maintaining ventricular function via the crosstalk among immune cells or between immune cells and myocardial cells. The present review aimed to seek the role of immune cell‐secreted exosomes in infarcted myocardium post‐MI, together with mechanisms behind their repairing impact on the damaged myocardium. The exosomes we focus on are secreted by classic immune cells including macrophages, dendritic cells, regulatory T cells and CD4+ T cells; however, further research is demanded to determine the role of exosomes secreted by other immune cells, such as B cells, neutrophils and mast cells, in infarcted myocardium after MI. This knowledge can assist in the development of future therapeutic strategies, which may benefit MI patients.
Lack of assortative mating might explain reduced phenotypic differentiation where two grasshopper species meet
Authors: Morgan‐Richards Mary , Vilcot Maurine , Trewick Steven A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHybridization is an evolutionary process with wide‐ranging potential outcomes, from providing populations with important genetic variation for adaptation to being a substantial fitness cost leading to extinction. Here, we focussed on putative hybridization between two morphologically distinct species of New Zealand grasshopper. We collectedPhaulacridium marginaleandPhaulacridium otagoensespecimens from a region where mitochondrial introgression had been detected and where their habitat has been modified by introduced mammals eating the natural vegetation and by the colonization of many non‐native plant species. In contrast to observations in the 1970s, our sampling of wild pairs of grasshoppers in copula provided no evidence of assortative mating with respect to species. Geometric morphometrics on pronotum shape of individuals from areas of sympatry detected phenotypically intermediate specimens (putative hybrids), and the distribution of phenotypes in most areas of sympatry was found to be unimodal. These results suggest that hybridization associated with anthropogenic habitat changes has led to these closely related species forming a hybrid swarm, with random mating. Without evidence of hybrid disadvantage, we suggest a novel hybrid lineage might eventually result from the merging of these two species.
Understanding interorganizational big data technologies: How technology adoption motivations and technology design shape collaborative dynamics
Authors: Cepa Katharina 
Published: June 2021

AbstractOrganizations increasingly employ big data technologies to capture, represent, and analyse complex operational processes at the organizational interface. This provides opportunities to learn about and optimize collaboration processes, which should increase cooperation. Yet, organizations may not learn equally, which could trigger learning races and thereby foster competitive dynamics. This multiple case study of 13 interorganizational relationships reveals four paths that explain how organizations’ technology adoption motivations and different technology designs conjoin to shape collaborative dynamics: where organizations pursue complementary motivations of learning and efficiency, collaborative dynamics are cooperative (path 1). Where organizations pursue shared learning motivations, interaction dynamics are cooperative if big data technologies provide shared analytical processing capability and symmetric transparency (path 2) or competitive where big data technologies provide shared analytical processing capability and asymmetric transparency (path 3) or non‐shared analytical processing capability regardless of transparency (a)symmetry (path 4). These findings advance strategic management literature by showing that big data technologies accelerate interorganizational learning, but that collaborative dynamics depend on organizations’ technology adoption motivations. I also advance learning race theory by introducing transparency as extension to learning races in digital environments.
Mature T/NK‐Cell lymphomas of the oral and maxillofacial region: A multi‐institutional collaborative study
Authors: de Arruda José Alcides Almeida , Abrantes Thamiris de Castro , Cunha John Lennon Silva , Roza Ana Luiza Oliveira Corrêa , Agostini Michelle , Abrahão Aline Corrêa , Canedo Nathalie Henriques Silva , Ramos Denize D'Azambuja , Milito Cristiane Bedran , Pontes Flávia Sirotheau Correa , Pontes Hélder Antônio Rebelo , Barra Marinez Bizarro , Zanella Virgilio Gonzales , Martins Marco Antonio Trevizani , Martins Manoela Domingues , Israel Mônica Simões , Freire Nathália de Almeida , Barreto Maria Eduarda Zeraik , Sánchez‐Romero Celeste , Carlos Román , Abreu Lucas Guimarães , Vargas Pablo Agustin , de Almeida Oslei Paes , Fonseca Felipe Paiva , Romañach Mário José , Mesquita Ricardo Alves , de Andrade Bruno Augusto Benevenuto 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial mature T/NK‐cell neoplasms is challenging because of their rarity, morphological heterogeneity and complex immunophenotype with scarce available data describing their clinical and microscopic aspects. Therefore, in this study, we investigated a series of mature T/NK‐cell neoplasms affecting this anatomical region and provided an updated literature review.MethodsCases diagnosed as mature T/NK‐cell lymphomas affecting the oral and maxillofacial region were retrospectively retrieved from six pathology files and their diagnoses were confirmed using haematoxylin and eosin‐stained slides, immunohistochemical reactions and in situ hybridization for Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) detection. Patients’ clinical data were collected from their pathology forms.ResultsA total of 22 cases were included in this study. Eleven (50%) consisted of extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphomas, nasal type; eight (36.4%) were peripheral T‐cell lymphomas, NOS; two (9.1%) were adult T‐cell leukaemia/lymphomas, and one (4.5%) was an ALK‐positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Overall, males predominated, with a mean age of 55.7 years. The palate was the most affected site (50%), and tumours usually presented as destructive and painful ulcers. EBV was present in all cases of extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma nasal type but was absent in the other subtypes.ConclusionAmong mature T/NK‐cell lymphomas of the oral and maxillofacial region, extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma, nasal type and peripheral T‐cell lymphoma, NOS predominated. Older men were the most affected patients, and this heterogeneous group of neoplasms has a very aggressive clinical behaviour.
Langerhans cell histiocytosis in the oral and maxillofacial region: An update
Authors: Faustino Isabel Schausltz Pereira , Fernandes Patrícia Maria , Pontes Hélder Antônio Rebelo , Mosqueda‐Taylor Adalberto , Santos‐Silva Alan Roger , Vargas Pablo Agustin , Lopes Marcio Ajudarte 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundLangerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disorder characterized by abnormal proliferation and infiltration of histiocytic cells.MethodsThis review focused on the main aspects associated with LCH.ResultsLCH can involve single or multiple organs and systems, with bone and skin being the most commonly affected sites. Regarding skeletal manifestations, the jawbones are involved in about 20%–30% of all cases. Such lesions may present as unilocular or multilocular images mainly affecting the posterior mandible. Oral soft tissue lesions may also occur, with the gingiva and hard palate being the most frequently affected sites.ConclusionThe diagnosis and management of LCH are challenging, requiring a multidisciplinary approach, with dentists playing a central role since oral manifestations can be the first sign of the condition.
Oral plasmablastic lymphoma: A clinicopathological study of 113 cases
Authors: Fonseca Felipe Paiva , Robinson Liam , van Heerden Marlene B. , van Heerden Willie F. P. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundPlasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is an aggressive neoplasm that commonly develops in HIV‐positive patients, usually affecting the oral cavity. EBV is present in the majority of cases, therefore, playing an important role in the pathogenesis of this neoplasm.MethodsPBL diagnosed from 2000 to 2020 were retrieved from the archives of the Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology at the University of Pretoria, South Africa. The patients’ clinical information including gender, age, tumour location and HIV status was obtained from the original histopathology request forms. A morphological description was assessed using H&E‐stained slides, with diagnoses confirmed by immunohistochemistry, and EBV detection performed via in situ hybridisation.ResultsDuring the 20 years period investigated, 113 PBL were found. Males outnumbered females (M:F ratio of 3:1), with a median age of 41 years (range 8–62). The gingiva (50 cases or 44.2%) and the palate (23 cases or 20.4%) were the most affected sites. All cases with available information were HIV positive. The tumours were composed of a diffuse proliferation of immunoblasts or plasmablasts in all cases. A starry‐sky pattern, tissue necrosis, cellular pleomorphism and mitotic figures were common microscopic findings. IHC for CD3 and CD20 were negative in all cases, while positivity for CD38, CD138 and MUM1 was observed in 70.2%, 79.2% and 98.9%, respectively. EBV was present in 100% of the cases.ConclusionPBL is a frequent diagnosis in South Africa, due to the country's HIV burden, where it usually affects the oral cavity and is always associated with EBV infection.
Structural differences in life satisfaction in a U.S. adult sample across age
Authors: Hartung Johanna , Spormann Sandy S. , Moshagen Morten , Wilhelm Oliver 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveMany studies investigating age‐related mean differences in life satisfaction disregard potential differences in the structure of the life satisfaction construct. Because developmental tasks at different life stages vary and thus the salience of specific life domains (e.g., health, finances, relationships, etc.) might differ, life satisfaction might differ between age groups in its underlying structure and meaning.MethodTo address this issue, we investigated the covariance structure of life satisfaction as measured by the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the domains of health satisfaction and financial satisfaction with local structural equation modeling. We analyzed data from 8341 U.S. citizens between the ages of 30 and 97 who participated in the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Furthermore, we explored the association of respondents' health and financial status with life satisfaction.ResultsBoth the SWLS and domain items were found to be invariant across age. The health and financial status accounted for small proportions of variance in overall life satisfaction and the respective domain satisfactions significantly at all ages.ConclusionThe current analysis indicates that across the adult age range, general life satisfaction is qualitatively the same, and health and financial satisfaction are equally integrated into overall life satisfaction.
Exogenous melatonin decreases circadian misalignment and body weight among early types
Authors: Marqueze Elaine C. , Nogueira Luciana F. R. , Vetter Céline , Skene Debra J. , Cipolla‐Neto José , Moreno Claudia R. C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractShift workers experience chronic circadian misalignment, which can manifest itself in reduced melatonin production, and has been associated with metabolic disorders. In addition, chronotype modulates the effect of night shift work, with early types presenting greater circadian misalignment when working night shift as compared to late types. Melatonin supplementation has shown positive results reducing weight gain in animal models, but the effect of exogenous melatonin in humans on body weight in the context of shift work remains inconsistent. The aim of this study was thus to evaluate the effects of exogenous melatonin on circadian misalignment and body weight among overweight night shift workers, according to chronotype, under real‐life conditions. We conducted a double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, crossover trial where melatonin (3 mg) or placebo was administered on non‐night shift nights for 12 weeks in 27 female nurses (37.1 yo, ±5.9 yo; BMI 29.9 kg/m2, ±3.3 kg/m2). Melatonin (or placebo) was only taken on nights when the participants did not work night shifts, that is, on nights when they slept (between night shifts and on days off). Composite Phase Deviations (CPD) of actigraphy‐based mid‐sleep timing were calculated to measure circadian misalignment. The analyses were performed for the whole group and by chronotype. We found approximately 20% reduction in circadian misalignment after exogenous melatonin administration considering all chronotypes. Moreover, melatonin supplementation in those who presented high circadian misalignment, as observed in early chronotypes, reduced body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and hip circumference, without any change in the participants’ calorie intake or physical activity levels.
Autonomy and developing physicians: Reimagining supervision using self‐determination theory
Authors: Sawatsky Adam P. , O’Brien Bridget C. , Hafferty Frederic W. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this article, we address the question, ‘What is the role of autonomy in physician development?’ Medical education is a developmental process, and autonomy plays a motivational role in physician development. Calls for increased supervision of residents have raised concerns that the resulting decreased autonomy might interfere with resident development, leading the authors to explore the relationship between supervision and autonomy. The medical education literature posits a simple inverse relationship between supervision and autonomy. Within competency frameworks, autonomy is operationalised as independence and viewed as the end goal of training. Alternatively, there is emerging empirical literature describing autonomy and supervision as dynamic and developmental constructs and point towards more complex relationship between supervision and autonomy. Self‐determination theory (SDT) presents a framework for understanding this dynamic relationship and the role of autonomy in physician development. Within SDT, autonomy is a fundamental psychological need, associated with motivation for learning, self‐regulation and an internal locus of control. Supporting learner autonomy can afford learners the opportunity to internalise the values and norms of the profession, leading to an integrated regulation of their behaviours and actions. Conceptualising autonomy through the lens of SDT provides an avenue for education interventions and future research on supervision and autonomy. Educators can integrate supervision and autonomy support in the clinical setting, seeking to motivate learner development by balancing optimal challenge and support and integrating autonomy support with ‘hands‐on’ approaches to supervision. SDT also provides a theoretical framework relevant to current discussions regarding feedback conversations and coaching in medical education. Lastly, conceptualising autonomy using SDT opens new avenues for investigation, exploring the complex relationship between supervision and autonomy and developing efforts to integrate autonomy support with clinical supervision.
Molecular characterisation of sporadic endolymphatic sac tumours and comparison to von Hippel–Lindau disease‐related tumours
Authors: Schweizer Leonille , Thierfelder Felix , Thomas Christian , Soschinski Patrick , Kim Hee‐Yeong , Jödicke Ruben , Woltering Niklas , Förster Alexandra , Teichmann Daniel , Siewert Christin , Klein Katharina , Schmid Simone , Nunninger Maximilian , Thomale Ulrich‐Wilhelm , Onken Julia , Mühleisen Helmut , Schittenhelm Jens , Tatagiba Marcos , von Deimling Andreas , Reuss David E. , Solomon David A. , Heppner Frank L. , Koch Arend , Hartmann Christian , Staszewski Ori , Capper David 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimsAlthough inactivation of the von Hippel–Lindau gene (VHL) on chromosome 3p25 is considered to be the major cause of hereditary endolymphatic sac tumours (ELSTs), the genetic background of sporadic ELST is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of VHL mutations in sporadic ELSTs and compare their characteristics to VHL‐disease‐related tumours.MethodsGenetic and epigenetic alterations were compared between 11 sporadic and 11 VHL‐disease‐related ELSTs by targeted sequencing and DNA methylation analysis.ResultsVHL mutations and small deletions detected by targeted deep sequencing were identified in 9/11 sporadic ELSTs (82%). No other cancer‐related genetic pathway was altered except for TERT promoter mutations in two sporadic ELST and one VHL‐disease‐related ELST (15%). Loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 3 was found in 6/10 (60%) VHL‐disease‐related and 10/11 (91%) sporadic ELSTs resulting in biallelic VHL inactivation in 8/10 (73%) sporadic ELSTs. DNA methylation profiling did not reveal differences between sporadic and VHL‐disease‐related ELSTs but reliably distinguished ELST from morphological mimics of the cerebellopontine angle. VHL patients were significantly younger at disease onset compared to sporadic ELSTs (29 vs. 52 years, p < 0.0001, Fisher's exact test). VHL‐disease status was not associated with an increased risk of recurrence, but the presence of clear cells was found to be associated with shorter progression‐free survival (p = 0.0002, log‐rank test).ConclusionBiallelic inactivation of VHL is the main mechanism underlying ELSTs, but unknown mechanisms beyond VHL may rarely be involved in the pathogenesis of sporadic ELSTs.