bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variable realisation of verb-final /n/ in Idi
Authors: Schokkin Dineke 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe present study reports on verb-final variable realisation of the alveolar nasal /n/ in the Papuan language Idi. Elision of /n/ is correlated with both linguistic and social factors: present tense, a following consonant, and speakers over 60 show significantly greater rates of /n/ elision. Data from a 1988 grammar sketch indicate that for the present tense, variable realisation of verb-final /n/ is a case of stable, and perhaps age-graded, variation. Conversely, spread of n-less-ness into the other tenses may be a case of a change-in-progress, but at present this cannot clearly be confirmed. The older generation (speakers over 60) consistently show the highest rates of /n/ elision in all tenses. Elderly people are seen as the most proficient Idi speakers, and their position in society perhaps allows them to be more variable in their language use.
New Zealand English in Auckland
Authors: Ross Brooke , Ballard Elaine , Watson Catherine 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This study acoustically analyses the vowel space of adult New Zealand English speakers from a predominantly Pasifika suburb in Auckland (Papatoetoe). These speakers (n = 13) are compared to two equivalent groups from non-Pasifika Auckland suburbs, Mount Roskill (n = 14) and Titirangi (n = 6). All participants are New Zealand English speakers aged 16–25. There were equal numbers of male and female participants. For the acoustic analysis vowels with sentence stress were identified and extracted and formant values were calculated at the vowel target. This study looks at over 8000 monophthongs and 4000 diphthongs. The study found minimal differences between speakers from different suburbs, but all groups had notable differences from the traditional New Zealand English (NZE) vowel space. These differences align with previous comments regarding the vowels of Pasifika New Zealand English. The paper concludes by contemplating what these results say about Pasifika New Zealand English and New Zealand English in Auckland.
The potential benefits of subtitles for enhancing language acquisition and literacy in children
Authors: Black Sharon 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
While a considerable body of experimental work has been conducted since the beginning of the 1980s to study whether subtitles enhance the acquisition of other languages in adults, research of this type investigating subtitles as a tool for enhancing children’s language learning and literacy has received less attention. This study provides an integrative review of existing studies in this area and finds extensive evidence that subtitled AV content can indeed aid the acquisition of other languages in children and adolescents, and that it can moreover enhance the literacy skills of children learning to read in their L1 or the official language of the country in which they live and receive schooling. Recommendations for future research are also made, and it is highlighted that further research using eye tracking to measure children’s gaze behaviour could shed new light on their attention to and processing of subtitled AV content.
Fruit set, development and maturation.
Authors: du Preez Rosemary J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

This chapter describes the guava fruit as well as the fruit set, growth, drop, harvesting, yield and quality (total soluble solids, total acids and ascorbic acid). Understanding the phenological cycle of guava and the effect of management practices on yield and fruit quality allows management practices to be modified to develop strategies which should lead to productivity gains for different pruning or chemical application times. As the effects of various treatments and times of application on yield and fruit quality for different cultivars and climatic zones are known, it is possible to decide on the optimum time to apply treatments knowing what the quality of the fruit will be, the time that the fruit will be harvested, expected yield and the critical times to apply management practices.
Pests.
Authors: Lasa Rodrigo , Birke Andrea , Guillén Larissa , Aluja Martín , Carrillo Daniel 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

This chapter focuses on major pests of guava in the different production areas of the world. The most important insects and mites have been grouped into six categories that have been divided according to different species and their importance across the different guava-producing regions. The chapter also emphasizes the basic features of each group related to their feeding damage, biology, behaviour, ecology and biorational pest management strategies. Minor pests are also listed. It is suggested that the main focus of pest control measures should be targeted towards fruit flies, some coleopteran and lepidopteran species that bore fruit and stems, and some minor pests that include scales, mealybugs, thrips, whiteflies and mites that increase guava production costs and reduce fruit quality and yields.
Nematodes.
Authors: Carneiro Regina M. D. G. , Santos Marcilene F. A. , Castro José Mauro C. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

The following review of the nematodes from cultivated guava is limited to the major problem caused by M. enterolobii, its idenfication and its management strategies. The synonymization of Meloidogyne enterolobii with Meloidogyne mayaguensis and the different methods of identifying Meloidogyne species are discussed. The life cycle, host-parasite relationships, symptoms, damage and dissemination of M. enterolobii are described. The host status of cover crops, maize and fruit plants for M. enterolobii is discussed, as well as the resistance in Psidium spp. to root-knot nematodes. New prospects using genetic resistance in Brazil and some control strategies that can be used in an integrated way are presented.
Diseases and disease management.
Authors: Muñoz Melissa , Cieniewicz Elizabeth , Faust James E. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

This chapter describes the general principles of disease management that apply to all pathogens, followed by a detailed description of the major pathogens, which fall into 4 broad categories, i.e. fungi/oomycetes, bacteria/phytoplasma, viruses and nematodes. The most important diseases of cut flowers, their causal microorganisms, symptoms and signs, epidemiology and management practices are addressed and organized by the primary tissues affected.
Probing FCNC couplings in single top-quark production associated with a neutral gauge boson in future lepton colliders
Authors: Khatibi Sara , Moallemi Mehrnoosh 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we consider a single top-quark production in association with a neutral gauge boson (Z boson or photon) in the future electron–positron colliders. We utilize these channels to probe the top-quark flavor changing neutral current (FCNC) interactions in tqZ and tqγ vertices. We perform two separate analyses for top-Z-jet and top-γ-jet channels. The standard model effective field theory approach is employed to search for these anomalous couplings. We consider parton showering, hadronization and fast detector simulation in our study and use a cut-and-count technique to separate the signal from the standard model background processes. The upper limits on the FCNC couplings at 95% confidence level for different integrated luminosities are obtained. It is shown that the future lepton collider would be able to probe the FCNC branching fractions to Br(t → qγ) < 10−4 and Br(t → qZ) < 10−4 with 3  ab−1 of integrated luminosity of data at a center of mass energy of 350 GeV.
Production of intense isolated attosecond pulses with circular polarization by using counter-propagating relativistic lasers
Authors: Zhong Conglin , Qiao Bin , Zhang Yuxue , Zhang Yi , Li Xiabing , Wang Jing , Zhou Cangtao , Zhu Shaoping , He Xiantu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We demonstrate theoretically and numerically that intense isolated circularly polarized (CP) attosecond pulses can be generated from ultrathin foil targets irradiated by two relativistic lasers from opposite sides, where their polarizations are orthogonal to each other. With a proper matching condition, the compressed oscillating plasma mirrors on both sides of the foil are pushed inside by laser radiation pressures, eventually merging together to form a dense electron nanobunch under the effect of orthogonal laser fields. This nanobunch reaches both high density and high energy in only half a laser cycle and smears out in others, resulting in coherent synchrotron emission of a single attosecond pulse with circular polarization. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations show that an intense isolated CP attosecond XUV pulse with an intensity of 1.2 × 1019 W cm−2 and a duration of ∼75 as can be obtained by two lasers with the same intensity of 2.1 × 1020 W cm−2.
Comparison of different approaches to the quasi-static approximation in Horndeski models
Authors: Pace Francesco , Battye Richard A. , Bellini Emilio , Lombriser Lucas , Vernizzi Filippo , Bolliet Boris 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A quasi-static approximation (QSA) for modified gravity can be applied in a number of ways. We consider three different analytical formulations based on applying this approximation to: (1) the field equations; (2) the equations for the two metric potentials; (3) the use of the attractor solution derived within the Equation of State approach. We assess the veracity of these implementations on the effective gravitational constant (μ) and the slip parameter (η), within the framework of Horndeski models. In particular, for a set of models we compare cosmological observables, i.e., the matter power spectrum and the CMB temperature and lensing angular power spectra, computed using the QSA, with exact numerical solutions. To do that, we use a newly developed branch of the CLASS code: QSA_class. All three approaches agree exactly on very small scales. Typically, we find that, except for f(R) models where all the three approaches lead to the same result, the quasi-static approximations differ from the numerical calculations on large scales (k ≲ 3 - 4 × 10^-3 h Mpc^-1). Cosmological observables are reproduced to within 1% up to scales K = k/H_0 of the order of a few and multipoles ℓ>5 for the approaches based on the field equations and on the Equation of State, and we also do not find any appreciable difference if we use the scale-dependent expressions for μ and η with respect to the value on small scales, showing that the formalism and the conclusions are reliable and robust, fixing the range of applicability of the formalism. We discuss why the expressions derived from the equations for the potentials have limited applicability. Our results are in agreement with previous analytical estimates and show that the QSA is a reliable tool and can be used for comparison with current and future observations to constrain models beyond ΛCDM.
Fate of electroweak symmetry in the early Universe: non-restoration and trapped vacua in the N2HDM
Authors: Biekötter Thomas , Heinemeyer Sven , No José Miguel , Olea María Olalla , Weiglein Georg 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Extensions of the Higgs sector of the Standard Model allow for a rich cosmological history around the electroweak scale.
We show that besides the possibility of strong first-order phase transitions, which have been thoroughly studied in the literature,
also other important phenomena can occur,
like the non-restoration of the electroweak symmetry or the existence of vacua in which the Universe becomes trapped,
preventing a transition to the electroweak minimum.
Focusing on the next-to-minimal two-Higgs-doublet model (N2HDM) of type II and taking into account
the existing
theoretical and experimental constraints, we identify the scenarios
of electroweak symmetry non-restoration, vacuum trapping and first-order
phase transition
in the thermal history of the Universe. We analyze these phenomena and in particular their relation to each other, and discuss their connection
to the predicted phenomenology of the N2HDM at the LHC.
Our analysis demonstrates that the presence of a global electroweak minimum of the scalar potential at zero temperature does not guarantee that the corresponding N2HDM parameter space will be physically viable:
the existence of a critical temperature at which the electroweak phase becomes the deepest minimum is not sufficient for a transition to take place,
necessitating an analysis of the tunnelling probability to the electroweak minimum for a reliable prediction of
the thermal history of the Universe.
Analysis of terrain navigability in underwater terrain aided navigation
Authors: Zhao Miao , Xu Zhenyang , Weiqiang MA 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Aiming at the problem that the single terrain characteristic parameter cannot comprehensively evaluate the terrain navigability of the matching areas, the weighted vector correlation degree is introduced, and the terrain characteristic parameters such as the standard deviation of terrain elevation, roughness, correlation coefficient, terrain information entropy and terrain slope are comprehensively considered. A multi-index comprehensive decision-making evaluation method based on grey fuzzy theory is proposed. In addition, aiming at the problem that different matching routes have different navigability for the specific terrain, in order to select matching routes with better navigability, a navigation coefficient based on terrain statistical parameters is proposed to analyze the navigability of different routes. And the point mass filter (PMF) algorithm is used to simulate the navigability of the matching areas with different terrain features and matching routes. The simulation results show that the proposed evaluation method and navigation coefficient are feasible in the evaluation of terrain navigability. The stronger the navigability is, the smaller the matching error is and the better the navigation performance is. This research results can provide theoretical basis for analysis of terrain navigability, selection of matching areas and matching routes planning in terrain aided navigation.
A Simulation Study on the Optimization of Flow Channel Pattern in High Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Authors: He Zhao , Luo Xiangyi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
High temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) has been one of the most promising candidates for the power source of vehicles. Correspondingly, as a factor significantly influencing the performance of the HT-PEMFC, the structure of the flow channel has been extensively discussed. In this study, the multi-channel flow patterns of fuel cell was proposed, and the effect of the channel number on the fuel cell performance was investigated by numerical simulations. The results showed that the HT-PEMFC with multi flow channels performed a power density of 0.392 W cm-2, better than that of single-channel fuel cell. Furthermore, after a comprehensive consideration of performance and production cost, the bipolar plates with three flow channels is recommended. It is noted that the as-designed flow pattern contributes to the improvement of the HT-PEMFC power density.
Demand Factor Forecasting Method of Design for Communication and Signal Building Electric Systems by Kernel Density Estimation
Authors: Xiong Wei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
With the expanding high-speed railway construction scale, the loads along the railway are gradually transformed into electrification, and capacity level of power distribution system of high-speed railway is increasing. The power system for communication and signal loads along the railway is one of the important parts of guaranteeing the reliable operation of the high-speed railway. However, at present, there is no unified standard for transformer capacity design in the electrical design of communication signal building., resulting in the theoretical value of transformer capacity design inconsistent with the actual engineering requirement. To address the problems and formulate a more accurate design standard for the communication and signal building, the load demand factor forecasting of communication and signal building based on based on kernel density estimation with optimal window width is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the topology of the high-speed railway power system is introduced and the principle of demand factor is proposed. Then, the kernel function selection and the optimal window width of the algorithm is proposed to adapt to the estimate the demand factor based on massive samples. Lastly, the experiment is conducted in the trial operating-high-speed railway, the correctness of the forecasting demand factor is verified. And the results are applicable as the reference for electric design of the power loads in high-speed railway in the future.
A novel intestinal diagnosis system based on inchworm-like micro robot with wireless power transfer
Authors: Han Ding , Yan Guozheng , Wang Zhiwu , Jiang Pingping 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A novel intestinal diagnosis system based on inchworm-like micro robot with wireless power transfer have been proposed in this study. The micro robot has been minimized in size to Φ 14mm in diameter, like a capsule. It can be swallowed in without pain. Furthermore, the expanding mechanism and telescoping mechanism make it possible to possess bidirectional motion and stable anchorage. Powered by wireless power transfer system, though receiving coil is embedded in a limited space, it also supplies enough power 653mW for micro robot system after optimization. In addition, wireless communication and human machine interface system is used to capture the video image in intestine. At last, some in vitro experiments are conducted with prototype in a porcine intestine. Under the optimized wireless power transfer system, with transmission efficiency 4.66%, the communication error rate at 1m distance is just 0.7%. The speed of micro robot in the viscoelastic and slippery intestine could reach 4.38 cm/min. And operators can obtain images inside the intestine by the human machine interface system in real time. All of the above show a good performance of the proposed intestinal diagnosis system based on inchworm-like micro robot with wireless power transfer.
The simulation of a service robot for task planning
Authors: Cui Guowei , Shuai Wei , Chen Xiaoping 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper introduces a simulation for service robots based on Robot Operating System (ROS) and Gazebo. It aims to test and evaluate task planning algorithms. After building the environment and the service robot model, a 2D map is built. To make use of semantic navigation, we construct a topological map from the 2D map. Several functions are written to realize the robot’s necessary actions, including navigation, grasping, placing, handing over, and searching person/object. Answer Set Programming (ASP) is used for planning; due to its complicated coding and poor legibility, we define an easy to understand format and translate it into ASP. Finally, we test our task planning system within the uncertain Gazebo environment. The experimental results show the usability of the simulation for task planning tests.
Generalized Attitude Model Identification of a Quadrotor
Authors: Qin Qiao-Hui , Liu Jin-Cang , Geng Li-Hui 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper studies the generalized attitude model (GAM) identification of a controlled quadrotor by using flight experimental data. The GAM describes the dynamics of the quadrotor and its driving motors. Its mechanism analysis will be first carried out for guiding the parametrization of its estimation model. Before the prediction error method (PEM) is applied on the GAM identification, the involved closed-loop identifiability problem is addressed. Finally, the accuracy of the estimated GAM is validated by comparisons of Bode diagrams and controller performances achieved by a redesigned robust controller.
Multy-modality Switch Modeling and Simulation of A Three-port DC-DC Converter
Authors: Liu Jinghui , Liang Yongchun , Shen Guowang , Cheng Qing , Zhang Shilong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A three-port DC-DC converter (TPC) for photo-voltaic (PV) electric vehicle (EV) was presented in this paper. A PV module and a battery consist of the power supply for electric vehicle. A boost converter helps the PV module to output maximum power. A sepic-zeta converter helps the battery to be charged by PV power or output power for EV. A cuk converter was used to keep the stability of output voltage for load. There are five modalities for the TPC model and three applications were simulated to verify the performance of different modality switching. The simulation results show that the given TPC model have some advantages, such as small steady errors, short transient times and small fluctuation of voltage and power. This TPC can be used in EV to provide a steady voltage for motor and extend the driving distance.
Analysis of Single-phase Grounding Fault with Distributed Generation in Distribution Network
Authors: ZhuoLin Chen , YuanChun Tang , WenQin Lin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Different distributed generation (DG) types and neutral grounding methods affect single-phase ground fault current characteristics of distribution network. To analyse the single-phase ground fault current characteristics, this paper establishes a single-phase ground fault model with rotating and inverter-type DG accessed using symmetrical component method. By considering different grounding methods of distribution bus side and DG side, distribution characteristics and change laws of fault current as well as sequence currents on both sides of fault point when single-phase short circuits occur in different positions of system are discussed. To verify correctness of analysis, simulation experiments of models is carried out by Simulink. The results of this paper can provide reference for system relay protection configuration and neutral grounding method selection.
Calculation and Analysis of Induced Current in Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Ground Wire
Authors: Yifeng Fan , Xingzhou Li , Chengyuan’ Liu , Yihang Jing , Xudong Li 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the mechanism of electromagnetic induction current of overhead ground wire is analyzed, the models of overhead ground wire with different voltage levels are established on ATP-EMTP, the electromagnetic induction current of optical fiber composite overhead ground wire (OPGW) is calculated, and the factors affecting the induced current on OPGW are analyzed, including the change in loads of transmission lines, the value of grounding resistance and the location of lines. The results of this paper provide a reference for the actual measurement and the use of this induced current for induction power supply.
Comparative Analysis of FINFETS and MOSFETS
Authors: Shao Chen 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper makes a brief introduction of CMOS technology and illustrates the structure of traditional MOSFETs and Fin-FETs and their developing process. To help better understand advantages and drawbacks of both two technologies, it also explains the Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) effect and its impact on transistor performance. The paper compares the DIBL ratio of Double-Gate Fin-FETs and Double-Gate MOSFETs by varying channel length using Fin-FET and MOSFET in similar structural parameters. The results are shown in different diagrams, which proves that Fin-FETs have a better control of DIBL effect than conventional MOSFETs. In the end it explains the shortcomings of the experiment and describes future expectations for Fin-FET technology.