bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct Cytosine Modification Profiles Define Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Cell-State Transitions
Authors: Lee Min Kyung , Brown Meredith S. , Wilkins Owen , Pattabiraman Diwakar R. , Christensen Brock C. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an early step in the invasion-metastasis cascade, involving progression through a number of cell intermediate states. Due to challenges with isolating intermediate cell states in EMT, genome-wide cytosine modification mechanisms that define transition through EMT states are not completely understood. We measured multiple DNA cytosine methylation modification marks, complemented with chromatin accessibility and gene expression, across clonal populations residing in specific EMT states. Results: Clones exhibiting intermediate EMT phenotypes demonstrated increased global 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), decreased 5-methylcytosine (5mC), and more accesible chromatin. Open chromatin regions containing CpG loci with abundant 5hmC were enriched in motifs of key EMT transcription factors, ZEB1 and Snail. The magnitude of altered gene expression in intermediate cell states was higher for genes both with increased gene promoter 5hmC and differentially accessible chromatin compared with genes that exhibited differentially accessible chromatin alone, implicating functional epigenetic duality in regulation of EMT.Conclusion: Our results indicate the importance of both distinct and shared epigenetic profiles at the cytosine and chromatin level associated with EMT processes that contribute to gene regulation and which may be targeted to prevent the progression of EMT.
Design and Development of Graphene FET Biosensor for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Krsihna B. Vamsi , Ahmadsaidulu Shaik , Teja Surapaneni Sai Tarun , Jayanthi D , Navaneetha Alluri , Reddy P Rahul , Matta Durga Prakash 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The most affected disease in recent years is Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) that is notable as COVID-19. It has been started as a disease in one place and arisen as a pandemic throughout the world. A serious health problem is developed in the lungs due to the effect of this coronavirus. Sometimes it may result in death as a consequence of extensive alveolar damage and progressive respiratory failure. Hence, early detection and appropriate diagnosis of corona virus in patient’s body is very essential to save the lives of affected patients This work evolves a Silicon (Si) based label-free electrical device i.e. the reduced graphene oxide field-effect transistor (rGO FET) for SARS-CoV-2 detection. Firstly rGO FET functionalized with SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Then the rGO FET characteristic response is observed to detect the antibody-antigen reaction of SARS-CoV-2 with different molar ranges. The developed GFET shows better performance towards the drain current and limit-of-detection (LoD) up to 2E-18 M. Therefore, we believe that an intense response was observed than the earlier developed devices and signifies impressive capability for subsequent implementation in point-of-care (PoC) diagnostic tests.
Assessment The Efficacy of Thymol Against Toxocara Vitulorum In Experimentally Infected Rats
Authors: Aboelhadid Shawky M , Abdel-Aziz Sahar Abdel Aleem 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The effect of thymol and ivermectin on the development and embryonation of Toxocara vitulorum (T. vitulorum) eggs, as well as their migration in albino rats was investigated in vitro. A total of forty male albino rats were divided into four groups for an in vivo experiment. The first group was uninfected; the second group was infected but left untreated; the third group received thymol at a dose of 40 mg/kg; and the fourth group received ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg). Thymol inhibited the development of Toxocara larvae within the eggs in vitro. Ivermectin; however, produced inconsistent results. The in vivo results indicated that the recovery rates of Toxocara larvae from the liver and lungs on day 7 post-infection were significantly lower in the thymol- or ivermectin-treated group than in the infected untreated control group. Histopathological examination demonstrated that thymol and ivermectin were effective in reducing larval load, reducing the number and size of granulomas in the absence of larvae, and improving tissue architectures. Albumin levels were significantly increased in the thymol-treated group. Nitric oxide, IL-4, and IFN- γ levels were significantly decreased in the serum of the thymol- or ivermectin-treated group. The current study concluded that thymol possessed anti-Toxocara activity in a rat model. Additionally, thymol possessed ovicidal properties and may be used as a disinfectant.
Independent Risk Factors for Type III Acute Acquired Concomitant Esotropia: A Matched Case-Control Study
Authors: Zhang Jingjin , Chen Jinguo , Lin Hong , Huang Longxiang , Ma Shaoqing , Zheng Weidong 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE) is a relatively rare subtype of esotropia that can develop in older children (>5 years) and adults. The etiology of AACE is unknown, but there have been case studies describing risk factors. This study applied multiple regression analysis to explore risk factors and the impact of this subtype's surgical design esotropia and to gain insights into pathogenesis. Methods: Patients with Type III AACE and healthy controls, who were matched for age (±5 years) and refractive diopter (±1 D), were included in this study. All patients were treated between March 2018 to September 2020. We collected information on the number of hours spent performing near work per day, whether the patient wore glasses, and the refractive diopter of both the eyes. We also determined the deviation angles at both near- and far-vision in these individuals. Additionally, we measured the distance from the medial rectus insertion to the limbus in surgical patients.Results: Patients (n=51) with Type III AACE and sixty healthy control persons (n=60) were included in the study. We found that 99.96% of cases and 91.67% of controls had myopia. Among them, 60.8% of cases and 20.0% of controls did not wear glasses for near work. Twelve cases were treated with a prism, and thirty-nine were treated surgically. The average time devoted to near work per day was 7.24±1.91 (range: 4-12) hours and 3.7±1.29 (range: 2-7) in cases and controls, respectively. In univariate and multivariate logistic regression models, Type III AACE was significantly associated with increased hours of near work per day and near work without wearing glasses.Conclusions: Increased hours of near work per day and myopic patients performing near work without glasses are independent risk factors of Type III AACE. A satisfactory result can be obtained by optimizing the foot correction with the maximum and the most stable angles before operation.
Low-Field Magnetic Anisotropy of Sr2IrO4
Authors: Nauman Muhammad , Hussain Tayyaba , Choi Joonyoung , Lee Nara , Choi Young Jai , Kang Woun , Jo Younjung 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Magnetic anisotropy in strontium iridate (Sr2IrO4) is essential because of its strong spin-orbit coupling and crystal field effect. In this study, we investigated the detailed mapping of the out-of-plane (OOP) magnetic anisotropy in Sr2IrO4 for different sample orientations using torque magnetometry measurements in the low-magnetic-field region before the isospins are fully ordered. Dominant in-plane anisotropy was identified at low fields, confirming the b axis as an easy magnetization axis. Based on the fitting analysis of the strong uniaxial magnetic anisotropy, we observed that the main anisotropic effect arises from a spin–orbit-coupled magnetic exchange interaction that affects the OOP interaction. The interlayer exchange interaction results in additional anisotropic terms owing to the tilting of the isospins. Our results are relevant for understanding OOP magnetic anisotropy and provide a new way to analyze the effects of spin–orbit-coupling and interlayer magnetic exchange interactions. This study provides a new insight into the understanding of bulk magnetic, magneto-transport, and spintronic behavior of Sr2IrO4 for future studies.
Study of Complexation Behavior of Lignite Extracted Humic Acid With Some Divalent Cations
Authors: Aftab Kiran , Iqbal Pervaiz , Hussain Muzammil 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In biogeochemical cycles,humic substances are natural electron shuttles in transforming the nutrients and environmental pollutants. The complexes of humic acid with macro and micro nutrient metals serve as ecofriendly organo-mineral fertilizer. In this study, lignite extracted humic acid-metal (Fe, Mg, Zn) complexes were prepared and characterized. The proximate analysis exhibited the moisture, volatile matter, ash and fixed carbon contents of extracted humic acid of 02.61%, 17.31%, 57.18% and 22.90% respectively. The% metal ions in humic acid complexes ranges from 3.5-7.25%. The FTIR analysis of coal extracted humic acids-metal complexes showed Zn, Mg and Fe ions complexed in bidentate manner predominantly with carboxylic acid moiety of humic acid. Thermal gravimetric analysis indicated the higher value of humic acid decomposition as compared to their metal complexes. The thermal stability observed order is HA- Zn >HA-Fe>HA- Mg. The X-ray diffraction pattern pointed toward the non-crystalline nature of humic acid and their respective complex’s due to having few intense and some small diffuse peaks in the 2θ range from 0 to 80°.Hence the humic acid-metals complexes increase the soil humic content along the availability of essential nutrient that enhance the loam biotic action.
IL-21 Enhances the Immune Protection Induced by the Vibrio Vulnificus Hemolysin A Protein
Authors: Sun Ke-Na , Huang Fei , Wang Ming-Yi , Wu Jing , Hu Cheng-Jin , Liu Xiao-Fei 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We previously reported that the Vibrio vulnificus hemolysin A (VvhA) protein elicited good immune protection and could effectively control V. vulnificus infection in mice. However, its molecular mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we found that IL-21 enhances immune protection by inducing a Tfh-cell and germinal center (GC) B-cell response. We used RNA-seq and identified 10 upregulated and 30 downregulated genes that were involved in IL-21-upregulated protection. We also performed Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and pathway analysis of these differentially expressed genes. Our findings indicate that IL-21 can enhance the immune protection effect of VvhA protein and may serve as a novel strategy for enhancing the immune protection effect of protein vaccines.
The language of the empire and the image of the "noble savage" in French travel essays of the second half of the 18th century
Authors: Демичева Т.М. 
Published: August 2021

В статье рассмотрен образ «благородного дикаря» на примере очерков о кругосветных плаваниях – «Кругосветном путешествии на фрегате “Будёз” и транспорте “Этуаль”» Луи Антуана де Бугенвиля и «Путешествии по всему миру на “Буссоли” и “Астролябии”» Жан-Франсуа де Лаперуза. Показано, как межкультурный контакт привел к возникновению шаблонов восприятия европейцами «других» народов. Отмечено, что эти очерки способствовали определению места и роли европейцев в мире. Данный шаблон включал как положительные, так и отрицательные элементы. Империя могла извлекать пользу из романтизированного образа «благородного дикаря», тем самым стимулируя новые колониальные захваты. В то же время на практике европейцы находили варваров агрессивными, лживыми и недалекими. Автор приходит к выводу, что межкультурный диалог, показанный во французских очерках о кругосветных путешествиях второй половины XVIII в., вряд ли можно назвать успешным, так как эти травелоги привели к возникновению очередного шаблона, рассматривающего «других» сквозь высоту европейского знания, основанного на привычной для европейского мира системе ценностей.
In the article we use the round-the-world travel essays "Around-the-world trip on the frigate "Boudez" and the transport" Etoile" by Louis Antoine de Bougainville and "Travel all over the world to "Bussoli" and "Astrolabe" by Jean- Francois de La Perouse to show the image of the "noble savage". These travelogues show that the intercultural contact led to the emergence of patterns of perception of "Others" by Europeans. It is noted that travelogues contributed to self-examination and determined the place and the role of Europeans in the world. Moreover, this pattern includes positive and negative elements as well. The empire could have a benefit from a romanticized image of the "noble savage" thereby stimulating new colonial conquests. At the same time, travel essays could contradict the Enlightenment ideas, when Europeans found barbarians to be aggressive, deceitful and dimwitted. The purpose of this study is to consider the problematic aspects of describing "Others" and to define the role of travelogues in imperial politics. We will argue that the intercultural dialogue shown in French round-the-world travel essays of the second half of the 18th century can hardly be called successful. These travelogues led to the appearance of fascinating pattern of "other". That pattern looked at the “others” through the European knowledge based on system of values typical for the European world.
On the Roads from Intra-Ethnic Polyphony to Ethno-National “Symphony”: The Kosovo Myth and Serbian Historians in the 1980s and 1990s
Authors: Ломоносов М.Ю. 
Published: August 2021

Этно-исторические мифы признаны одним из важнейших факторов формирования национальной памяти, конструирования идентичности и разжигания межэтнических конфликтов. При этом исследователи часто сосредотачиваются на межгрупповом противостоянии мифотворцев-интеллектуалов и войнах памяти. Такой подход нивелирует внутриэтническое многоголосие и создает представление о национальной памяти как едином целом. Развитие косовского мифа в среде сербских историков партийно-югославистского, национально-патриотического и скептического течений 1980–1990-х гг. иллюстрирует процессы формирования внутрицехового разноречия. Оно также помогает понять, как внутриэтническое разноголосие эволюционирует в этнонациональное единогласие при встрече с Другим.
The scholars of nationalism and memory see ethno-historical myths as important factors in forging national memory, constructing cultural identity, and fueling ethnic conflicts. However, the literature tends to focus on the inter-communal competition between intellectuals, memory wars, and the incompatibility of ethnic claims. This approach neglects intra-ethnic polyphony, thus, contributing to the tendency of seeing “national memory” as a single whole. The case of the famous Kosovo myth in the ranks of Serbian intellectuals of the 1980s–1990s, who belonged to the party-Yugoslavist, Serbian ethno-nationalist and skeptical currents of historical thought, illustrates how intra-ethnic mythopoeic polyphony develops. It also helps to understand how the intra-ethnic polyphony evolves into an ethno-national “symphony” in face of the Other.
Rock-discourse as the reflection of Perestroika
Authors: Дюкин С.Г. 
Published: August 2021

Цель статьи – выявление реформаторского потенциала рок-музыки, который проявился в ходе Перестройки. Гипотезой исследования стала мысль о том, что молодежная музыка была не столько двигателем процессов изменения советского общества, сколько отражала намерения власти и ход реальных реформ, служила для апробации реформаторского дискурса. Исследование проведено на основе анализа нарративных интервью с очевидцами событий, музыкантами и людьми, близкими к рок-культуре в конце 1980-х гг., публикаций в прессе описываемого периода, неопубликованных документов. Появление и развитие описанного в статье дискурса указывает на использование рок-музыки в качестве индикатора изменений и инструмента для забрасывания камней, то есть апробации радикальных идей и решений.The aim of this article is detection of reform potential of rock-music during Soviet Perestroika. Hypothesis of research is idea that youth music was not so much a support for changing of the Soviet society, but it was a mirror, which reflected intentions of power and process of real reforms. Rock-music was used for the testing of reform discourse. The forming and development of this discourse indicates the use of rock-music as an indicator of changings and instrument for check of discourse field or for testing radical ideas and decisions.
Little Island, Great Desolation: “Antarctic France” in Brazil as a Space of Sensory Deprivation
Authors: Окунева О.В. 
Published: August 2021

В статье на примере истории первой французской колонии в Бразилии (1555–1560) рассматривается проблематика использования пространства сенсорной депривации в качестве инструмента властных отношений. Сохранившиеся свидетельства о тяготах и лишениях колонистов повествуют об ограниченности пространства, недостаточности запасов продовольствия одновременно с отсутствием привычных продуктов питания, а также жесткой и временами жестокой регламентацией главы колонии. Наряду с выявлением уникальной и верифицируемой информации источников статья затрагивает проблематику конструирования авторами XVI века определённых образов с помощью литературных приёмов.
The article examines the instrumental use of sensory deprivation to establish and maintain domination within a limited area, such as the first French colony in Brazil, the so-called “Antarctic France”. Testimonies of this colonial enterprise show the colonists’ hard life: limited space, insufficient food supplies and the lack of familiar alimentation, as well as authoritarian (and sometimes brutal) governance.
The article identifies unique and cross-confirmed information from such testimonies, and examines the ways 16th century authors used rhetoric and literary techniques to produce desired effect.
In memory of Vladimir Petrovich Sapon (1969-2020) - historian and teacher
Authors: Суслов А.Ю. 
Published: August 2021

Статья посвящена памяти профессора Нижегородского государственного педагогического университета им. Козьмы Минина В.П. Сапона. Рассматривается биография и основные труды ученого, его вклад в развитие исторической науки.
The article is dedicated to the memory of the Nizhny Novgorod historian and teacher, Professor of the Kozma Minin state pedagogical University, doctor of historical Sciences Vladimir Petrovich Sapon. The author considers the biography of the scientist, his main works, and his contribution to the development of historical science.
The term “Aristocracy” and its Use for Nobility in the Achaemenid Empire
Authors: Орлов В.П. , Рунг Э.В. 
Published: August 2021

В статье рассматривается правомерность использования термина «аристократия» применительно к истории Древнего Востока в целом и Ахеменидской державы, в частности. Авторы статьи на ряде примеров демонстрируют, в каких контекстах встречался термин «аристократия» в трудах зарубежных и отечественных востоковедов и эллинистов, а в завершении дают краткую характеристику персидской аристократии, которая приводится ими с учетом как древнегреческого понимания этого феномена, и так и древнеперсидских реалий, на основании источников.This article discusses the use of the term “aristocracy” for the history of the Ancient East as a whole, and of the Achaemenid Empire, in particular. Turning to this issue, the authors demonstrate, in a number of examples, in what contexts the term “aristocracy” was used in the works of foreign and Russian orientalists and Hellenists, and finally they give a brief description of the Persian aristocracy, which they consider on the basis of the ancient Greek understanding of this phenomenon, and of ancient Persian realities reconstructed from sources.
Second-generation Liquid Platelet Concentrates: A Literature Review
Authors: Shah Rucha , Gowda Triveni M. , Thomas Raison , Kumar Tarun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:Liquid or injectable platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is a second-generation platelet concentrate that is completely autologous and free of external additives, like bovine thrombin and calcium chloride. Additionally, it is the only one to be obtained in a liquid form among the second-generation platelet concentrates. This allows for wide applications such as maximizing injections or mixing with bio-materials such as bone grafts or antibiotics. Since it was first introduced in 2015, several modifications of the original protocol have been proposed which aim at maximizing its biological and mechanical properties. This includes changes in centrifugation speed, time, and so on. The aim of this review is to summarize the various modifications of the injectable/liquid formation of PRF as well as to discuss the potential applications and future research direction.
Interleukin-17A in Alzheimer’s Disease: Recent Advances and Controversies
Authors: Yan Xin-Zhu , Lai Laijun , Ao Qiang , Tian Xiao-Hong , Zhang Yan-Hui 
Published: August 2021

Abstract:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that mainly affects
older adults. Although the global burden of AD is increasing year by year, the causes of AD remain
largely unknown. Numerous basic and clinical studies have shown that interleukin-17A (IL-17A)
may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of AD. A comprehensive assessment of the role of
IL-17A in AD would benefit the diagnosis, understanding of etiology and treatment. However, over
the past decade, controversies remain regarding the expression level and role of IL-17A in AD. We
have incorporated newly published researches and point out that IL-17A expression levels may vary
along with the development of AD, exercising different roles at different stages of AD, although
much more work remains to be done to support the potential role of IL-17A in AD-related pathology.
Here, it is our intention to review the underlying mechanisms of IL-17A in AD and address the
current controversies in an effort to clarify the results of existing research and suggest future studies.
Conversion of Limonene over Heterogeneous Catalysis: An Overview
Authors: Tomar Ravi , Jain Swati , Yadav Purnima , Bajaj Tanima , Mohajer Fatemeh , Ziarani Ghodsi Mohammadi 
Published: August 2021

:
The natural terpene limonene is widely found in nature. The (R)-limonene (the most abundant
enantiomer) is present in the essential oils of lemon, orange, and other citrus fruits, while the (S)-
limonene is found in peppermint and the racemate in turpentine oil. Limonene is a low-cost, low toxicity
biodegradable terpene present in agricultural wastes derived from citrus peels. The products obtained
from the conversion of limonene are valuable compounds widely used as additives for food, cosmetics, or
pharmaceuticals. The conversion of limonene to produce different products has been the subject of intense
research, mainly with the objective of improving catalytic systems. This review focused on the application
of heterogeneous catalysts in the catalytic conversion of limonene.