bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the application of representative volume elements for steel fiber reinforced high performance concrete ‐ a numerical study
Authors: Pise Mangesh , Brands Dominik , Schröder Jörg , Gebuhr Gregor , Anders Steffen 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this contribution, ellipsoidal and hexagonal prism representative volume element (RVE) which characterize the steel fiber reinforced high performance concrete (HPC) along a preferred fiber direction are constructed and analyzed numerically. A virtual experiment is simulated using a microscopic boundary value problem based on two different RVEs. The suitable mechanical and periodic boundary conditions are applied on each RVE at the microscale. The homogenized macroscopic quantities are computed using their microscopic counterparts. The microscopic response of ellipsoidal and hexagonal prism RVE are simulated and the macroscopic behavior of steel fiber reinforced HPC is analyzed.
Investigation of Large Scale Motion Interaction with the Near‐Wall Turbulence
Authors: Richter Stefan , Zanoun El-Sayed , Egbers Christoph 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe main objective of the current work is to better understand the interaction of pipe flow large‐scale structures in the outer region with the near‐wall turbulence. To do so, a decomposition of velocity fluctuating signals has been adopted. Thus, the streamwise velocity fluctuation has been measured for three Reynolds numbers using two pipes located at the Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU). Three Reynolds numbers, Reb ≈ 6 × 104, Reb ≈ 105 and at Reb ≈ 6 × 105, have been examined, where Reb is the Reynolds number based on the bulk velocity (Ub), the pipe diameter (D) and the kinematic viscosity (ν). For both pipe facilities, constant temperature hot‐wire anemometry has been utilized. The comparison of those three cases addresses the low and high Reynolds number effects on the structures of the outer and the inner regions of the pipe flow. Subsequently, Reynolds‐number scaling for such structures and their interaction with the buffer‐layer turbulence will be examined.
Identification of mechanical models and parameters for alginate‐based hydrogels as proxy materials for brain tissue
Authors: Kaessmair Stefan , Distler Thomas , Schaller Emely , Boccaccini Aldo R. , Steinmann Paul , Budday Silvia 
Published: January 2021

AbstractDue to their qualitatively similar mechanical behavior to brain tissue, the present study focuses on the modeling and identification of material parameters for alginate‐gelatine hydrogels. A generalized Maxwell model is used to describe its finite viscoelastic response. By comparing the experimentally recorded data with finite element simulations, we define a least squares problem to identify appropriate material parameters. We show that we can parameterize the model to well fit each loading mode individually.
Thermal and Electrical behaviors of Boron Nitride/Epoxy reinforced polymer matrix composite—A review
Authors: Salunke Dinesh Ramesh , Gopalan Venkatachalam 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn electronic and electric instruments, heat dissipation is one of the major issues that degrade performance and efficiency. Polymer material has high specific strength and modulus, and it is mainly used in electrical insulation materials due to easy processability and light in weight with great flexibility but has low thermal conductivity. This paper examines the recent developments in highly thermal conductive epoxy‐based polymer composites. First, the composite materials, with applications, are briefly introduced. Second, the thermally conductive polymer types with their thermal conductivity are summarized. Third, the thermal and electric properties of different boron nitride (BN) with epoxy‐filled composite are listed. It also focuses on enhancement in thermal conductivity and electrical insulation, which are mainly influenced by the microstructure and amount of filler content. Some highly thermal conductive BN polymer based composites are reviewed. Fourth, various thermal conductivity measurement techniques are listed with their drawbacks. Finally, the review gives current scenario on thermal conductive polymer materials and developments needed with challenges in this area.
BHLH IRIDOID SYNTHESIS 3 is a member of a bHLH gene cluster regulating terpenoid indole alkaloid biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus
Authors: Singh Sanjay Kumar , Patra Barunava , Paul Priyanka , Liu Yongliang , Pattanaik Sitakanta , Yuan Ling 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBasic helix‐loop‐helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) are key regulators of plant specialized metabolites, including terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) in Catharanthus roseus. Two previously characterized subgroup‐IVa bHLH TFs, BIS1 (bHLH Iridoid Synthesis 1) and BIS2 regulate iridoid biosynthesis in the TIA pathway. We reanalyzed the recently updated C. roseus genome sequence and discovered that BIS1 and BIS2 are clustered on the same genomic scaffold with a previously uncharacterized bHLH gene, designated as BIS3. Only a few bHLH gene clusters have been studied to date. Comparative analysis of 49 genome sequences from different plant lineages revealed the presence of analogous bHLH clusters in core angiosperms, including the medicinal plants Calotropis gigantea (giant milkweed) and Gelsemium sempervirens (yellow jessamine), but not in the analyzed basal angiosperm and lower plants. Similar to the iridoid pathway genes, BIS3 is highly expressed in roots and induced by methyl jasmonate. BIS3 activates the promoters of iridoid branch genes, geraniol synthase (GES), geraniol 10‐hydroxylase (G10H), 8‐hydroxygeraniol oxidoreductase (8HGO), iridoid synthase (IS), 7‐deoxyloganetic acid glucosyl transferase (7‐DLGT), and 7‐deoxyloganic acid hydroxylase (7DLH), but not iridoid oxidase (IO). Transactivation of the promoters was abolished when BIS3 is converted to a dominant repressor by fusing with the ERF‐associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) sequence. In addition, BIS3 acts synergistically with BIS1 and BIS2 to activate the G10H promoter in tobacco cells. Mutation of the known bHLH TF binding motif, G‐box (CACGTG) in the G10H promoter significantly reduced but did not abolish the transactivation by BIS3. Promoter deletion analysis of G10H suggests that the sequences adjacent to the G‐box are also involved in the regulation by BIS3. Overexpression of BIS3 in C. roseus flower petals significantly upregulated the expression of iridoid biosynthetic genes and increased loganic acid accumulation. BIS2 expression was significantly induced by BIS3 although BIS3 did not directly activate the BIS2 promoter. Our results advance our understanding of the regulation of plant specialized metabolites by bHLH TF clusters.
Introduced a new method for enhancement of intrusion detection with random forest and PSO algorithm
Authors: Ajdani Mahdi , Ghaffary Hamidreza 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAs computer networks expand, attacks and intrusions into these networks have increased. In addition to firewalls and other intrusion prevention equipment, other systems, such as IDS (Metrics), are designed to provide enhanced security in computer systems, including the purpose of monitoring intrusive and intrusive activities. Intrusive allocation system can be considered effective if the high intrusion rate is slightly misleading, and in this article a new way to classify it is abnormal (infiltration) in the host or network. UNSW‐NB15 and KDD‐Cup'99 Datasets Introducing Random Forest and PSO algorithm. In this paper, training data and label data used with the random forest algorithm. After creating a random forest algorithm, provide test data. We use the data stored in train step, which is actually a copy of the data, so that when performing the test step, the same training data can be compared with categorize using a PSO algorithm. In in order to show the accuracy of the proposed method, an example of the confusion matrix formed in the code that showed performance of all methods and modes studied is compared based on accuracy and time that the PSO algorithm has always been able to take less time, which is quite acceptable and predictable. Improves correct diagnosis of correct detection rate in that report was 75.94% and in the proposed method in this article it reached 97%. With the proposed method, learning speed has been greatly increased and accuracy is acceptable.
Mode localization in linear and periodically time‐varying mistuned wind rotor
Authors: Guo Xin , Li Dongsheng , Guo Peng , Kraemer Peter 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRotor blades are the most important and most expensive part of a wind turbine; their dynamic behavior is of great significance for maintenance planning and safe operation. In this study, the effect of mistuning on the vibration modes of rotor blades was investigated, with a focus on the mode localization of linear time‐varying wind turbine rotors. And the significance of the work lies in finding that the mode localization may aggravate the blade damage and potentially reduced fatigue life of the blade. The rotating blades were approximated as cantilever Bernoulli–Euler beams, and the flapwise and edgewise modes of each blade were considered. The Lagrangian method was employed to derive the linear time‐varying dynamic equations of the wind turbine rotor. A wind turbine rotor was mistuned because of slight fluctuations in the blade stiffness; subsequently, Floquet analysis was employed for modal decomposition of a mistuned wind turbine rotor, and the mechanism of mode localization was examined in depth. Numerical simulation results indicated that slight mistuning of a single blade is sufficient for triggering mode localization. The effects of the magnitude of the blade mistuning and rotor speed on the severity of mode localization were analyzed. Finally, different quantitative measures were considered for characterizing the degree of mode localization in mistuned wind turbine rotors.
Transkranielle elektrische Hirnstimulationsverfahren zur Behandlung der Negativsymptomatik bei Schizophrenie
Authors: Haller Nikolas , Hasan Alkomiet , Padberg Frank , Strube Wolfgang , da Costa Lane Valiengo Leandro , Brunoni Andre R. , Brunelin Jerome , Palm Ulrich 
Published: January 2021

ZusammenfassungÜber die letzten Jahre entwickelten sich Neuromodulationsverfahren zu einer dritten Säule neben Pharmakotherapie und Psychotherapie in der Behandlung psychischer Erkrankungen. Besonders in der Behandlung von Menschen mit einer Schizophrenie könnten Hirnstimulationsverfahren eine Alternative oder Ergänzung zu den etablierten Therapiestrategien darstellen. Die meist vorhandenen Positivsymptome können zumeist mit Antipsychotika adäquat behandelt werden. Gerade bei Patienten mit Schizophrenie besitzen jedoch Negativsymptome einen überdauernden Krankheitswert und beeinflussen den Verlauf durch globale Antriebsverarmung und beeinträchtigte Kognition im alltäglichen Leben negativ. Dieser Übersichtsartikel stellt eine Zusammenfassung über die verschiedenen nichtinvasiven Hirnstimulationsverfahren transkranielle Gleichstromstimulation (transcranial direct current stimulation, tDCS), Wechselstromstimulation (transcranial alternating current stimulation, tACS) sowie Rauschstromstimulation (transcranial random noise stimulation, tRNS) zur Behandlung der Negativsymptomatik bei Schizophrenie dar. Die neuen transkraniellen Hirnstimulationsverfahren könnten dabei helfen, gestörte neuronale Vernetzungen wieder herzustellen und die Konnektivität vor allem der dorsolateralen präfrontalen Anteile des Kortex zu verbessern. Einige Studien weisen auf eine Verbesserung der Negativsymptome durch Behandlung mit tDCS, tACS bzw. tRNS hin und könnten so neue Therapiemöglichkeiten in der Behandlung der Schizophrenie darstellen.
Resection of swollen temporal muscles in patients with intractable intracranial hypertension after decompressive craniectomy
Authors: Huang Shih-Hao , Huang Abel Po-Hao , Huang Sheng-Jean , Kuo Lu-Ting 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundDecompressive craniectomy is employed as treatment for traumatic brain swelling in selected patients. We discussed the effect of temporal muscle resection in patients with intractable intracranial hypertension and temporal muscle swelling after craniectomy.MethodsRecords of 280 craniectomies performed on 258 patients who were admitted with severe head injury were retrospectively reviewed. Eight patients developed intractable increased intracranial pressure with temporal muscle swelling within 24 h after craniectomy and were treated by muscle resection.ResultsThe initial Glasgow Coma Scale score was 7 ± 1. The mean intracranial pressure was 41.7 ± 8.59 mmHg before muscle resection and 14.81 ± 8.07 mmHg immediately after surgery. Five patients had skull fracture and epidural hematoma at the craniectomy site. The mean intensive care unit stay was 11.25 ± 5.99 days. Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended scoring performed during the 12-month follow-up visit showed that 6 patients (75%) had a favorable outcome.ConclusionsOur study findings indicate that a direct impact on the temporal region during trauma may lead to subsequent temporal muscle swelling. Under certain circumstances, muscle resection can effectively control intracranial pressure.
Inherited Follicular Epithelial-Derived Thyroid Carcinomas: From Molecular Biology to Histological Correlates
Authors: Cameselle-Teijeiro José Manuel , Mete Ozgur , Asa Sylvia L. , LiVolsi Virginia 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Cancer derived from thyroid follicular epithelial cells is common; it represents the most common endocrine malignancy. The molecular features of sporadic tumors have been clarified in the past decade. However the incidence of familial disease has not been emphasized and is often overlooked in routine practice. A careful clinical documentation of family history or familial syndromes that can be associated with thyroid disease can help identify germline susceptibility-driven thyroid neoplasia. In this review, we summarize a large body of information about both syndromic and non-syndromic familial thyroid carcinomas. A significant number of patients with inherited non-medullary thyroid carcinomas manifest disease that appears to be sporadic disease even in some syndromic cases. The cytomorphology of the tumor(s), molecular immunohistochemistry, the findings in the non-tumorous thyroid parenchyma and other associated lesions may provide insight into the underlying syndromic disorder. However, the increasing evidence of familial predisposition to non-syndromic thyroid cancers is raising questions about the importance of genetics and epigenetics. What appears to be “sporadic” is becoming less often truly so and more often an opportunity to identify and understand novel genetic variants that underlie tumorigenesis. Pathologists must be aware of the unusual morphologic features that should prompt germline screening. Therefore, recognition of harbingers of specific germline susceptibility syndromes can assist in providing information to facilitate early detection to prevent aggressive disease.
Pratiques de l’écrit, pratiques de la carte : Rendre justice aux cartes médiévales et modernes (note critique)
Authors: Theis Valérie 
Published: January 2021

Pratiques de l’écrit, pratiques de la carte: Rendre justice aux cartes médiévales et modernes (note critique)La sortie du catalogue de l’exposition qui a eu lieu en 2019 aux Archives nationales, Quand les artistes dessinaient les cartes. Vues et figures de l’espace français, Moyen Âge et Renaissance, sous la direction de Juliette Dumasy-Rabineau, Nadine Gastaldi et Camille Serchuk, est l’occasion de revenir sur une production cartographique importante à partir de la fin du Moyen Âge, celle des cartes à grande échelle, envisagées ici pour l’espace français. Si le catalogue met l’accent sur la dimension artistique de ces cartes, le corpus choisi permet surtout de montrer que celles-ci s’inscrivaient dans des contextes documentaires plus vastes. L’ouvrage rend également compte de la diversité de leurs usages et de leur rôle récurrent dans le cadre du règlement de conflits devant la justice. Il donne un certain nombre d’éclairages, qui mériteraient d’être approfondis, concernant les commanditaires de ce type de cartes et invite, pour finir, à réfléchir sur quelques idées reçues quant aux représentations cartographiques de l’espace dans les sociétés médiévales et modernes, mais aussi dans les sociétés occidentales contemporaines.
Des cartes autochtones en situation coloniale : Le cas du Tonkin à la fin du xixe siècle
Authors: de Rugy Marie 
Published: January 2021

Des cartes autochtones en situation coloniale: Le cas du Tonkin à la fin du xixe siècleÀ partir d’un corpus de cartes vietnamiennes conservées dans les Archives nationales de Hà Nội, cet article vise à répondre à une double interrogation, méthodologique et heuristique : comment analyser en historien des sources cartographiques détachées de leur contexte de production ; peut-on voir une spécificité du cas vietnamien dans l’appropriation des savoirs autochtones en situation coloniale ? En comparant ces cartes à celles des géographies royales vietnamiennes, en les croisant avec des sources coloniales françaises de la conquête du Tonkin (années 1880-1890), en analysant l’entremêlement des écritures – caractères chinois, vietnamien romanisé et français –, les codes visuels et la matérialité de ces documents, cette étude propose trois pistes fécondes et complémentaires pour l’histoire et l’anthropologie des savoirs. La spécificité vietnamienne réside d’abord dans l’existence de ce grand nombre de cartes, qui n’a d’équivalent ni dans les possessions coloniales en Afrique ni ailleurs en Asie du Sud-Est. Elle apparaît aussi dans les contextes de production des cartes, que la correspondance privée d’un officier, Fernand Bernard, et les journaux de marche militaires permettent de retracer : si les enquêtes orales dans les villages ou le renseignement sont des situations répandues, la sollicitation des fonctionnaires locaux, habitués à dresser des cartes pour le pouvoir, l’est moins. Finalement, l’étude de ces documents laisse entrevoir des formes de contact et une appropriation propres aux débuts de la colonisation, qui disparaissent ensuite.
The Ties That Bind: Text Similarities and Conditional Diffusion among Parties
Authors: Düpont Nils , Rachuj Martin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractComparative analyses of party policy diffusion are only just emerging. To better understand the conditions under which diffusion occurs, this article argues that three heuristics – availability, representativeness and anchoring – shape parties' efforts to gather information (from elsewhere), leading to differing diffusion effects. The study operationalizes the outcome as textual similarity of party manifestos in nineteen Western democracies from 1960 to 2016, applying a text-as-data approach and machine translation. Analyzing dyads, it assesses how commonalities and sender/receiver attributes impact diffusion. It finds that there is little room for cross-border diffusion as successful parties stick to their old program. Beyond the still-prevailing domestic context, ‘learning from cultural reference groups’ in a region is most important. In addition, diffusion appears within EP factions and transnational party organizations independently of the success/loss of the sender. The analysis thus sheds light on (un-)favorable conditions for party policy diffusion and paves the way for future studies applying machine translation and quantitative text analyses.
An audit of UK audiological practice in specialist paediatric oncology centres regarding hearing assessment of children at risk of ototoxicity due to chemotherapy
Authors: Brown E C M , Caimino C , Benton C L , Baguley D M 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivePlatinum-based chemotherapy drugs are associated with substantial ototoxicity. The hearing of children treated with these drugs should be closely monitored.MethodA questionnaire was sent out to the 19 audiology departments associated with national paediatric cancer specialist centres in the UK looking at current practice in ototoxicity monitoring.ResultsResponses were received from 17 of 19 centres (89 per cent). All offered some form of audiometric monitoring service. Extended high-frequency testing (9–20 kHz) was only utilised by 7 services (29 per cent). A majority of respondents were reluctant to consider self-test devices in paediatric ototoxicity monitoring (n = 9; 53 per cent). Provision of long-term audiological follow up is sporadic with only 4 (23 per cent) respondents keeping all children with normal hearing under review once treatment is completed.ConclusionWhile some good practice in paediatric ototoxicity was identified, opportunities exist to improve clinical practice and protocols, promote multidisciplinary team working and to utilise technologies such as extended high frequency and self-test audiometry.
Endoscopic epitympanic exploration in mucosal chronic otitis media: is canal wall up mastoidectomy really needed?
Authors: Das A , Mitra S , Hazra S , Sengupta A 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo compare endoscopic epitympanic exploration with conventional canal wall up (cortical) mastoidectomy for mucosal chronic otitis media in terms of post-operative outcomes.MethodsSeventy-six patients diagnosed with chronic otitis media (mucosal variety) were randomly assigned to two treatment groups: endoscopic epitympanic exploration and conventional canal wall up (cortical) mastoidectomy. The groups were compared in terms of: post-operative anatomical outcomes (graft uptake), middle-ear physiological outcomes (post-operative tympanometry), audiological outcomes (air–bone gap), surgical time, post-operative pain, vertigo, and long-term complications such as retraction pocket and re-perforation.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of mean air–bone gap at 12 months, surgical time, and median post-operative pain measured at 6 hours (p< 0.05). No statistically significant differences were noted in terms of: graft uptake at 1, 3 and 6 months, mean air–bone gap at 3 and 6 months, tympanometry at 3, 6 and 12 months, vertigo at 1 week, or long-term complications.ConclusionEndoscopic epitympanic exploration resulted in significantly better long-term audiological outcomes, shorter operating time and less pain compared with conventional canal wall up (cortical) mastoidectomy.
Embodying ageing: middle-aged and older women's bodily fitness and aesthetics in urban China
Authors: Sheng Li 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis article explores the embodied practices of anti-ageing among middle-aged and older Chinese women (damas) who engage in plaza dancing (guangchangwu) as a leisure activity in urban areas. Drawing upon data collected from three months of participant observation in three different plaza dance groups and 29 semi-structured interviews with older Chinese women, I first investigate my participants’ experiences of plaza dancing in terms of health-keeping and bodily maintenance. I then analyse their usage of cosmetic products at a time when the beauty economy is booming during the post-Mao era. These female plaza dancers’ bodily regulation and ‘beautification’ indicate not only older women's strategies and struggles in the face of the double standard of ageing, but also a change in the age hierarchy under the transforming socio-cultural landscape of urban China, which is generating new social norms.