bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The nonlinear causal relationship between short‐ and long‐term interest rates: An empirical assessment of the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan
Authors: Li Huiqing , Su Yang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we apply a rolling‐window strategy using data from the United States (US), the United Kingdom (UK), and Japan to determine the dynamic linear and nonlinear Granger causality relationship between short‐ and long‐term interest rates over time and visualize the results. Our findings from US data show an asymmetrical relationship between short‐ and long‐term interest rates. We find that in the overall sample period, the long‐term interest rate nonlinearly Granger‐causes the short‐term interest rate. Using the rolling‐window approach, when the start of the subsample is earlier than 2000 we find evidence that the long‐term interest rate Granger‐causes the short‐term interest rate, either linearly or nonlinearly, while in most of the subsamples the short‐term interest rate does not linearly or nonlinearly Granger‐cause the long‐term interest rate. However, for the UK and Japan, there are bidirectional Granger causality relationships between short‐ and long‐term interest rates.
Prevalence and characterization of undiagnosed arterial hypertension in the eastern zone of Mexico
Authors: Palomo‐Piñón Silvia , Antonio‐Villa Neftali Eduardo , García‐Cortés Luis Rey , Álvarez‐Aguilar Cleto , González‐Palomo Esteban , Bertadillo‐Mendoza Olga Margarita , Figueroa‐Suárez María Eugenia , Vargas‐Hernández Francisco , Herrera‐Olvera Imer Guillermo , Cruz‐Toledo Jairo Enoc , Cruz‐Arce Maria Adriana , Serafín‐Méndez Berenice , Muñoz‐Cortés Gerardo , Morfin‐Macias Claudia Janeth 
Published: December 2021

AbstractArterial hypertension is considered a public health problem with severe consequences at an individual and public health levels. However, there is a lack of information regarding its characterization in Mexico. The objective of this study is to estimate the proportion of undiagnosed arterial hypertension (UAH) and the overall prevalence and clinical management of arterial hypertension within the Eastern Zone of Mexico. Additionally, we explore associated factors related with both UAH and uncontrolled arterial hypertension. We obtained information from the May Measure Month (MMM) 2019 study. People were asked for cardiovascular risk factors and blood pressure was measured according to the protocols of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH). Data from 5901 subjects were extracted: 76.04% from the Eastern Zone of the State of Mexico. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 32.4% (95% CI 31.2‐33.6). From all subjects living with hypertension, 28.3% had UAH, 22.1% had previous diagnosis but were untreated; 29.3% were treated but had uncontrolled hypertension. Younger men adults living in the State of Michoacán had increased proportion of UAH and untreated hypertension. We observed that male sex, age, obesity, living at Michoacán were risk factors for UAH. Finally, male sex, diabetes, and living at Michoacán were related risk conditions for having uncontrolled arterial hypertension. In summary, there is a high proportion of UAH in Easter Zone of Mexico. Younger adults had higher proportion of UAH and untreated hypertension profiles. Efficient actions are required to make a timely diagnosis in the young adult population to prevent long‐term complications.
Periodontitis, Helicobacter pylori infection, and gastrointestinal tract cancer mortality
Authors: Sung Cheng‐En , Lin Fu‐Gong , Huang Ren‐Yeong , Fang Wen‐Hui , Cheng Wan‐Chien , Tsai Yi‐Wen Cathy , Chen Wei‐Liang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimPeriodontitis has been proposed to lead to Helicobacter pylori infection, which could cause many gastrointestinal tract cancers. This study aimed to determine the association or otherwise between periodontitis and survival outcomes in individuals with respect to H. pylori infection.Materials and MethodsThe study population comprised 4955 subjects aged 20–90 who had received both periodontal examination and H. pylori serum test in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) database. Logistic regression models were used to analyse the association between periodontitis and H. pylori seropositivity (H. pylori infection). Survival analysis was performed using the NHANES III linked to mortality data. Cox proportional hazard regression was carried out to investigate the association between periodontitis and gastrointestinal tract cancer mortality in individuals with/without H. pylori infection.ResultsCompared to periodontal health, periodontitis was significantly associated with increased odds of H. pylori infection (OR = 1.271, 95% CI = 1.177–1.372). Periodontitis significantly increased the mortality risk from all causes (HR = 1.574, 95% CI = 1.327–1.866) and all cancers (HR = 1.948, 95% CI = 1.701–2.232), including gastrointestinal (GI) tract cancer (HR = 4.140, 95% CI = 3.656–4.687), gastric cancer (HR = 4.288, 95% CI = 3.969–4.632), and colorectal cancer (HR = 4.814, 95% CI = 3.849–6.020) in subjects with H. pylori infection after adjusting for health‐related factors. Periodontitis was significantly related to the decreased survival time in subjects with GI tract (p = .001) or colorectal cancer (p = .002) and H. pylori infection.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that periodontitis was significantly associated with higher mortality risk of GI tract, gastric, and colorectal cancer in subjects with H. pylori infection. Owing to an interactive effect between periodontitis and H. pylori infection on cancer mortality, H. pylori infection has a significant moderating effect in regulating the association between periodontitis and mortality due to all cancers, including GI tract cancer and colorectal cancer.
Amantadine, a promising therapeutic agent against viral encephalopathy and retinopathy
Authors: Zhu Song , Miao Bo , Zhang Yu‐Zhou , Wang De‐Shou , Wang Gao‐Xue 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOutbreaks of viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER) in marine and freshwater species severely devastate the aquaculture worldwide. The causative agent of VER is nervous necrosis virus (NNV), which mainly infects the early developmental stages of fish, limiting the effectiveness of vaccines. To counter this case, the anti‐NNV potentials of nine drugs with broad‐spectrum antiviral activity were explored using ribavirin as a positive drug. Toxicity of the selected drugs to SSN‐1 cells and grouper was firstly evaluated to determine the safety concentrations. For screening in vitro, amantadine and oseltamivir phosphate can relieve the cytopathic effects and inhibit NNV replication with the 90% inhibitory concentrations (IC90) of 38.74 and 106.75 mg/L, respectively. Amantadine has a stronger anti‐NNV activity than ribavirin at the with‐ and post‐NNV infection stages, indicating that it is a potential therapeutic agent against VER by acting directly on NNV. Similarly, amantadine also has a strong anti‐NNV activity in vivo with the IC90 of 27.91 mg/L at the 7 days post‐infection, while that was 73.25 mg/L for ribavirin. Following exposure to amantadine (40 mg/L) and ribavirin (100 mg/L) for 7 days, the survival rates of NNV‐infected grouper were increased to 44% and 39%, respectively. The maximum amantadine content (11.88 mg/Kg) in grouper brain was reached following exposure for 24 hr, and amantadine can be quickly excreted from fish, reducing the risk of drug residue. Results so far indicated that amantadine is a promising therapeutic agent against NNV in aquaculture, providing an effective strategy for VER control at the early developmental stages of fish.
Here comes the sun: How optimization of photosynthetic light reactions can boost crop yields
Authors: Walter Julia , Kromdijk Johannes 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTPhotosynthesis started to evolve some 3.5 billion years ago CO2 is the substrate for photosynthesis and in the past 200–250 years, atmospheric levels have approximately doubled due to human industrial activities. However, this time span is not sufficient for adaptation mechanisms of photosynthesis to be evolutionarily manifested. Steep increases in human population, shortage of arable land and food, and climate change call for actions, now. Thanks to substantial research efforts and advances in the last century, basic knowledge of photosynthetic and primary metabolic processes can now be translated into strategies to optimize photosynthesis to its full potential in order to improve crop yields and food supply for the future. Many different approaches have been proposed in recent years, some of which have already proven successful in different crop species. Here, we summarize recent advances on modifications of the complex network of photosynthetic light reactions. These are the starting point of all biomass production and supply the energy equivalents necessary for downstream processes as well as the oxygen we breathe.
Shaping polyploid wheat for success: Origins, domestication, and the genetic improvement of agronomic traits
Authors: Liu Jie , Yao Yingyin , Xin Mingming , Peng Huiru , Ni Zhongfu , Sun Qixin 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTBread wheat (Triticum aestivum L., AABBDD, 2n = 6x = 42), which accounts for most of the cultivated wheat crop worldwide, is a typical allohexaploid with a genome derived from three diploid wild ancestors. Bread wheat arose and evolved via two sequential allopolyploidization events and was further polished through multiple steps of domestication. Today, cultivated allohexaploid bread wheat has numerous advantageous traits, including adaptive plasticity, favorable yield traits, and extended end‐use quality, which have enabled its cultivation well beyond the ranges of its tetraploid and diploid progenitors to become a global staple food crop. In the past decade, rapid advances in wheat genomic research have considerably accelerated our understanding of the bases for the shaping of complex agronomic traits in this polyploid crop. Here, we summarize recent advances in characterizing major genetic factors underlying the origin, evolution, and improvement of polyploid wheats. We end with a brief discussion of the future prospects for the design of gene cloning strategies and modern wheat breeding.
The multi‐omics basis of potato heterosis
Authors: Li Dawei , Lu Xiaoyue , Zhu Yanhui , Pan Jun , Zhou Shaoqun , Zhang Xinyan , Zhu Guangtao , Shang Yi , Huang Sanwen , Zhang Chunzhi 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTHeterosis is a fundamental biological phenomenon characterized by the superior performance of hybrids over their parents. Although tremendous progress has been reported in seed crops, the molecular mechanisms underlying heterosis in clonally propagated crops are largely unknown. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the most important tuber crop and an ongoing revolution is transforming potato from a clonally propagated tetraploid crop into a seed‐propagated diploid hybrid potato. In our previous study, we developed the first generation of highly homozygous inbred lines of potato and hybrids with strong heterosis. Here, we integrated transcriptome, metabolome, and DNA methylation data to explore the genetic and molecular basis of potato heterosis at three developmental stages. We found that the initial establishment of heterosis in diploid potato was mainly due to dominant complementation. Flower color, male fertility, and starch and sucrose metabolism showed obvious gene dominant complementation in hybrids, and hybrids devoted more energy to primary metabolism for rapid growth. In addition, we identified ~2 700 allele‐specific expression genes at each stage, which likely function in potato heterosis and might be regulated by CHH allele‐specific methylation level. Our multi‐omics analysis provides insight into heterosis in potato and facilitates the exploitation of heterosis in potato breeding.
Preclinical evaluation from in‐silico to in‐vivo study of polyherbal microsponge sunscreen gel
Authors: Dutta Disha , Goyal Naveen , Sharma Dinesh Kumar 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundElectromagnetic spectrum of the UV region predominantly becomes the reason for skin’s detrimental effects that give the genesis of innumerable skin ailments; because of this reason, the sunscreen products are required before condition in day to day lifestyle; products such as moisturizers, lotions, creams, shampoos, and other hair and skin preparations are accessible and accompanied by sunscreen properties, but they do not provide extended effect, also causes side effects due to harsh chemicals.AimThe present study focuses on the effects of polyherbal extracts containing Microsponge gel for the protection of skin from ultraviolet rays.Materials and MethodsIn the present research, already prepared Microsponge gel through quasi‐emulsion solvent diffusion (QESD) technique was used for the HPLC, in‐silico, in‐vitro antioxidant activity, and in‐vivo study. AdmetSAR software tool was utilized for the in‐silico study, whereas for the in‐vivo study, UV radiations are given on Albino rats using solarimeter.ResultsResults shown the active constituents are non‐carcinogenic and non‐toxic; IC50 values show good antioxidant activity and minimal effect of UV radiations after application of the gel formulation on animal skin.DiscussionThe results manifest prominent effects on animal skin further test for presence of ascorbic acid level and total protein in blood further verify the efficacy of the formulation.ConclusionThe study consequently established a strong ground for further extensive clinical studies.
Skin anti‐inflammatory activity of water‐soluble fullerene nanocomposites encompassed by sodium hyaluronate
Authors: Wang Tao , Li Hui , Xu Zhe , Wang Chunru 
Published: December 2021

AbstractFullerene is one of the nanomaterials that has a value in dermatological and cosmetic applications. In present work, we designed and prepared water‐soluble nano‐scale C60 encompassed by sodium hyaluronate. The rat ear swelling test was utilized to evaluate the anti‐inflammatory activity of encompassed C60. The measurement shows that the rat ear swelling rate of C60 administrated group is reduced to less than 10%, which shows good anti‐inflammatory activity. Its anti‐inflammatory activity is roughly calculated as 10 times than that of dipotassium glycyrrhizinate and five times than that of tanshinone. In conclusion, the fullerenes encapsulated by sodium hyaluronate have great potential in skin care and auxiliary treatment of dermatosis.
The giant steps in surgical downsizing toward a personalized treatment of vulvar cancer
Authors: Giannini Andrea , D'Oria Ottavia , Chiofalo Benito , Bruno Valentina , Baiocco Ermelinda , Mancini Emanuela , Mancari Rosanna , Vincenzoni Cristina , Cutillo Giuseppe , Vizza Enrico 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe present article aims to highlight the importance of changes of personalized surgical treatment for vulvar cancer. Current international literature regarding surgical treatment of vulvar cancer was evaluated. This included several studies and systematic reviews. Radical surgery approach, such as en bloc resection, was the first therapeutic option and the standard care for many years, even if burdened with a high complication rate and frequently disfiguring. Taussing and Way introduced radical vulvectomy approach with en bloc bilateral inguinal‐femoral lymphadenectomy; modified radical vulvectomy was developed, with a wide radical excision of the primary tumor. The role of inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy (mono or bilateral) changed in the years too, particularly with the advent of SLN biopsy as minimally invasive surgical approach for lymph node staging, in patients with unifocal cancer <4 cm, without suspicious groin nodes. More personalized and conservative surgical approach, consisting of wide local or wide radical excisions, is necessary to reduce complications as lymphedema or sexual disfunction. The optimal surgical management of vulvar cancer needs to consider dimensions, staging, depth of invasion, presence of carcinoma at the surgical margins of resection and grading, with the goal of making the treatment as individualized as possible.
Effect of early skin‐to‐skin contact after vaginal delivery on pain during perineal wound suturing: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zou Yun , Li Yue , Jiang Mei , Liu Xiaowei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimTo evaluate whether early skin‐to‐skin contact at the end of the second stage of labor could relieve perineal wound suture pain.MethodsFrom March 2020 to November 2020, a total of 241 parturients with full‐term single fetuses delivered through the vagina and who underwent episiotomy suture (n = 120) or perineal laceration repair (n = 121) in our hospital were included in the study. Parturients were categorized according to whether they received episiotomy suture or perineal laceration repair. They were randomized into an early skin contact group and a traditional neonatal care group. The primary outcome was pain, which was quantified by the Numerical Rating Scale, Visual Analog Scale, Verbal Rating Scale, Faces Pain Scale‐Revised. The secondary outcomes were healing of the perineal wound, the maternal cooperation rate and operation time. The confounding factors of severe pain were analyzed.ResultsEarly skin‐to‐skin contact alleviated the pain of perineal laceration repair and episiotomy suture, shortened the operation time of episiotomy suture and improved the cooperation rate of parturients receiving suture. It had no effect on perineal wound healing, operation time, or the cooperation rate of perineal laceration repair. In addition to the operation and early skin contact, the occurrence of high‐grade pain was also associated with prepregnancy body mass index, group B streptococcus (GBS) positive, and academic degree.ConclusionEarly skin‐to‐skin contact at the end of the second stage of labor can alleviate pain and improve the delivery experience of vaginal delivery.
Development of multiplex RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of four viruses infecting apple (Malus domestica)
Authors: Nabi S.U. , Madhu G.S. , Rao G.P. , Baranwal V.K. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The major viruses infecting apple cultivars throughout the world including India are apple mosaic virus (ApMV), apple stem pitting virus (ASPV), apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), and recently, a new virus, apple necrotic mosaic virus (ApNMV), was reported from mosaic-infected apple cultivars in India. The aim of this study was to detect the ApNMV virus along with the other three viruses (ApMV, ASPV and ASGV) simultaneously by multiplex RT-PCR. Four primer-pair-produced amplicons of 670, 550, 350 and 210 bp corresponding to ApNMV, ApMV, ASPV and ASGV, respectively, were found to be specific for these viruses when tested individually. The annealing temperature (55°C), primer concentration (0·8 µl) and other components of the master mix were standardized for the development of one-step m-RT-PCR assay. The m-RT-PCR protocol developed was further validated with 30 samples from seven symptomatic or asymptomatic apple cultivars, which revealed the presence of more than one virus in these cultivars. Most of the viruses were found to be present either alone or in mixed infection; however, ASPV was more common in tested cultivars. An easy, cost-effective and rapid multiplex RT-RCR protocol was developed to detect the four viruses, which infect apple plants either in individually or together in the field. This assay will help in the surveying and indexing of apple germplasm and the distribution of all four viruses in the apple growing regions of India.
Nurse–nurse collaboration and performance among nurses in intensive care units
Authors: Al‐Ajarmeh Dalia O. , Rayan Ahmad H. , Eshah Nidal F. , Al‐Hamdan Zaid M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundAn essential element for offering high‐quality care in the intensive care units (ICUs) is the intraprofessional collaboration among nurses, which facilitates the exchange of knowledge and information and hence improves performance. More research is needed to understand the relationship between the nurse–nurse collaboration and job performance in the ICUs due to the multidimensionality of both concepts, the complexity of the ICU environment, and the lack of studies.AimTo examine the relationship between nurse–nurse collaboration and self‐perceived nurse performance among Jordanian nurses in ICUs.DesignDescriptive, correlational cross‐sectional design was used.MethodsData were collected through an online survey including the demographic questionnaire, the nurse–nurse collaboration scale, and six‐dimensions scale for nursing performance.ResultsIn total, 155 critical care nurses participated (response rate = 46.97%). Self‐perceived job performance was significantly associated with gender (t = −3.189, P = .002), age (r = −0.301, P < .01), workplace (F = 28.20, P = .001), the type of ICU (F = 17.70, P = .001), and the number of assigned patients (r = 0.407, P < .01). Among all nurse–nurse collaboration subscales, only the conflict management subscale was an independent significant predictor of self‐perceived nursing performance (t = 3.06, B = 3.066, P = .003).ConclusionsEffective conflict management is associated with better nurse performance, which could ultimately improve patient care in ICUs.Relevance to Clinical PracticeConflict resolution is an important dimension of optimal nurse–nurse collaboration and has an important effect on nursing performance. Nurses and nurse managers in ICUs need to attend workshops and training programs in conflict management.