bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Importance of Tissue Sanctuaries and Cellular Reservoirs of HIV-1
Authors: Cory Theodore James , Kalada William 
Published: December 2021

Purpose of Review:
There have been significant developments in the treatment of people
living with HIV-1/AIDS with current antiretroviral therapies; however, these developments
have not been able to achieve a functional or sterilizing cure for HIV-1. While there are multiple
barriers, one such barrier is the existence of pharmacological sanctuaries and viral reservoirs where
the concentration of antiretrovirals is suboptimal, which includes the gut-associated lymphoid tissue,
central nervous system, lymph nodes, and myeloid cells. This review will focus on illustrating
the significance of these sanctuaries, specific barriers to optimal antiretroviral concentrations in
each of these sites, and potential strategies to overcome these barriers.

Recent Findings:
Research and studies have shown that a uniform antiretroviral distribution is not
achieved with current therapies. This may allow low-level replication associated with low antiretroviral
concentrations in these sanctuaries/reservoirs. Many methods are being investigated to increase
antiretroviral concentrations in these sites, such as blocking transporting enzymes functions,
modulating transporter expression and nanoformulations of current antiretrovirals. While these
methods have been shown to increase antiretroviral concentrations in the sanctuaries/reservoirs, no
functional or sterilizing cure has been achieved due to these approaches.

Summary:
New methods of increasing antiretroviral concentrations at the specific sites of HIV-1
replication has the potential to target cellular reservoirs. In order to optimize antiretroviral distribution
into viral sanctuaries/reservoirs, additional research is needed.
Protecting Superfood Olive Crop from Pests and Pathogens Using Image
Processing Techniques: A Review
Authors: Sisodiya Smita , Sinha Aditya , Debnath Mousumi , Shekhawat Rajveer , Shekhawat Surinder Singh 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Olive (Oleo europaea L.) cultivars are widely cultivated all over the
world. However, they are often attacked by pests and pathogens. This deteriorates the quality of
the crop, leading to less yield of olive oil. The different infections that cause comparable disease
symptoms on olive leaves can be classified using image processing techniques.

Objective:
The olive has established itself as a superfood and a possible source of medicine, owing
to the rapid increase in the availability of data in the field of nutrigenomics. The goal of this
review is to underline the importance of applying image processing techniques to detect and
classify diseases early.

Method:
PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were used to conduct a systematic literature
search using the keywords olive oil, pest and pathogen of olives, and metabolic profiling.

Results:
Infections caused by infectious diseases frequently result in significant losses and lowquality
olive oil yields. Early detection of disease infestations can safeguard the olive plant and
its yield.

Results:
This strategy can help protect the crop from disease spread, and early detection and
classification of the disease can aid in prompt prophylaxis of diseased olive plants before the
disease worsens. Protecting olive plants from pests and pathogens can help keep the yield and
quality of olive oil consistent.
Risk Management Strategies in Construction Organizations
Authors: Alhammadi Shabbab Ajami , Tayeh Bassam A. , Alaloul Wesam S. , Salem Tareq J. 
Published: December 2021

Background:
Construction projects are among the riskiest businesses due to the number of factors involved that are difficult to control; hence, the popularity of risk management as part of the decision-making process in construction organizations is increasing. Despite the advancements, there are various risks involved that lead to project failure.

Aim:

Thus, this study aims to assess the risk management strategies in construction organizations in the Gaza Strip, Palestine.

Methods:
Seventy questionnaires were distributed after subjecting them to pretesting and pilot study that confirmed the validity and reliability of the questions. The target respondents included engineers and consultants from the construction organizations, Ministry of Works and Housing, and international agencies. The questionnaire was retrieved with a 65.71% response rate.

Results:
Results indicated that the most popular method of risk factor determination in the Gaza Strip is the “checklist” (RII=84%). For tools/methods of risk analysis, relying on experience in the direct assessment is the most prominent, with an RII of 78%. For the methods of avoiding risk before the project implementation, dependence on experience in the work for preparing and planning was ranked highest (having RII of 81.6%). Finally, follow-up on the implementation to avoid rework, with an RII of 77.6%, was ranked highest among other factors of avoiding risk during the construction projects implementation.

Conclusion:

This study highlights the key risk management strategies that will be beneficial for the construction industry stakeholders to resolve the unwanted risk failures in the construction industry.
PENGARUH CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT TERHADAP LOYALITAS NASABAH BNI SYARIAH BANDA ACEH
Authors: Dwi Fahira Husna , Furqani Hafas , Evriyenni Evriyenni 
Published: December 2021

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Customer Relationship Management (CRM) terhadap loyalitas nasabah. Objek penelitian ini dilakukan pada nasabah BNI Syariah Kantor Cabang Banda Aceh, sedangkan yang menjadi responden penelitian adalah nasabah BNIS dengan jumlah 50 nasabah. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Accidental Sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif untuk menguji hipotesis yang telah ditetapkan. Sumber data penelitian meliputi sumber data primer yaitu kuesioner dan sumber data sekunder yaitu artikel-artikel terkait. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, metode analisis data menggunakan model regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Customer Relationship Management dengan menggunakan indikator continuity marketing, one to one marketing, dan partnering programme berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap loyalitas nasabah pada Bank BNI Syariah KC Banda Aceh.
Analisis Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasan Konsumen Di Rumah Makan Wong Solo Cabang Lampriet Banda Aceh
Authors: Yulindawati Yulindawati , Marwiyati Marwiyati , Ramadhan Rudi 
Published: December 2021

The results of the study found that there was a simultaneous influence on aspects of service reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and physical evidence on customer satisfaction. Partially, only the responsiveness aspect has an insignificant effect, the other four aspects have a significant influence. The influence of service quality aspects on customer satisfaction is 42.6% and the rest is 57.4%, influenced by other factors outside the variables of this study. Seeing the aspect of responsiveness that is not significant, it is recommended that management improve performance on the aspect of responsiveness to be more alert and fast in providing services to customers.
Legal Policy of Child Marriage In the Covid-19 Pandemic Period
Authors: Subchi Imam , Arsadani Qosim , Helmi Muhammad Ishar , Faridho Efin 
Published: December 2021

The increase in marriage dispensation applications that occurred during the Covid-19 pandemic also caused the high number of child marriage. Nevertheless, this has been strictly required in Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning Amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage (Marital Law), the minimum age limit for men and women is 19 years, and requirements of irregularities for this age that must meet urgent criteria and sufficient support evidence. This is done, to reduce underage child marriages as a form of enforcing the principle of children's best interests. This paper describes the complexity of underage children's marriage during the Covid-19 pandemic period, as a convenience requirement of marriage dispensation has been set rigid in the Marriage act. The method used in this paper is normative by using several approaches: the statute approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. The results of the government's policy during the Covid-19 pandemic period which brought massive changes to the community's order had an impact on the collapse of the family economy. This resulted in the mass number of the child's marriages in the pandemic period. The research findings of this study deliver to children's rights violations through child marriages. The risk of decreasing individual economies, maternal and infant health, and household violence become unavoidable considering the psychological conditions of children who are immature in marriage.
The News of the Covid-19 Vaccine in the Media and Public Resistance in Indonesia: A Study of Islamic Law
Authors: Sangaji Ruslan , Basri Halimah , Wandi Wandi , Sultan Muslihin , Rasyid Nirwana 
Published: December 2021

This article aims to examine media coverage of COVID-19 and the resistance of the Indonesian people. This research is a legal sociology study that discusses the public's response to government policies regarding the Covid-19 vaccine with an Islamic legal approach. The data is analyzed using critical discourse analysis. This study concludes that community resistance to vaccines has a relationship with online media content. News content of victims who died after the vaccine, information about vaccines that impact the human body to become sick in the long term, and information about raw materials or contents of the Covid-19 vaccine that are not halal, indirectly have implications for the community resistance. This refusal was mainly due to information about victims who had been vaccinated experienced vaccine failures, especially from social media such as YouTube, WhatsApp, and Facebook, which are sometimes difficult to justify. According to Islamic law, people should be careful about content and news regarding Covid-19 because it may not be accurate. Therefore, the government needs to provide solutions in various ways. First, the government oversees all social media in conveying information so that all news related to the COVID-19 vaccine needs to be more careful and wisely not to worry the public. Second, the government needs to re-strengthen media regulations or news coverage that doesn’t seem to work optimally. Moreover, the government's vaccine policy aims to prevent the danger of the virus, which guarantees the safety of people's lives, and it is part of maqâshid al-syarī'ah. Likewise, the government has involved the MUI, which has authority in the field of religious fatwas, so that the certainty that the vaccine is halal can be accounted for in Islamic law.
Identifying ‘Illat through Munasabah in Islamic Law: A Perspective of Imam Al-Ghazali
Authors: Hasballah Khairuddin , Darna Andi , Said Wardana , Akbar Hajarul , Karim Makinara Ihdi , Fauzan Faisal 
Published: December 2021

This study discusses the way in determining ‘illat through the munasabah method proposed by Imam al-Ghazali in the perspective of Islamic law. The study focuses on two main problems: the identification of ‘illat through munasabah and the legal formulation to utilize hikmat to obtain ‘illat according to al-Ghazali. This normative legal research used a legal history approach as an analytical tool to examine the Islamic scholars’ thoughts on concepts, theories and ways of doing istinbath. The study concluded that according to al-Ghazali there are three kinds of munasabah in determining ‘illat, consisting of munasib mu’atstsir, munasab mula’im, and munasib gharib. In munasib mu’atstsir, there is no issue found in seeking ‘illat because the ‘illat is understood directly from the nash or ijma’. Therefore, munasabah is no longer needed in the determining ‘illat. Here, the munasabah method focuses on munasib mula’im and munasib gharib in identifying ‘illat. Munasib mula’im seeks for the genus ‘illat, an ‘illat drawn from every event that has been predetermined by the nash, by examining the same hikmah in each of the events. Such hikmah is then used as the genus ‘illat which will later be applied as qiyas for other events that have been legally stipulated by the nash. On the other hand, munasib gharib seeks for the species ‘illat, an ‘illat obtained from an event that has been predetermined by the nash, with no comparison found in other events. ‘Illat determined from munasib gharib is also hikmah, having no concrete nature. In the perspective of legal history, this method of seeking ‘illat is inseparable from kalam and philosophy as was the development of the Islamic sciences at the time. As such, this had also affected al-Ghazali’s mastery in Islamic law as well as in other Islamic disciplines.
Religious Radicalism and Islamic Universities in Aceh: Between Campus, Environment and Family
Authors: Ismail Sanusi , Abubakar Bustami , Matsyah Ajidar , Thalal Muhammad , Yahya Hermansyah 
Published: December 2021

This paper discusses how Islam is understood, taught, and practiced at the State Islamic Religious Higher Education Institution (PTKIN) in Aceh, whether the contextual approach and tolerance towards difference approach are used, whether there is any indication of the development of religious radicalism, how PTKIN in Aceh positions itself towards this problem, and also, how the environment and family play their roles on this issue. This qualitative study collected data by means of observation, in-depth interview, documentation, and focus group discussion. The data were then analyzed in the following steps: data reduction, data display, verification, and conclusion drawing. The PTKIN selected as research sites consisted of Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Zawiyah Cot Kala Langsa, and Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Negeri Gajah Putih Takengon. In general, the findings revealed that PTKIN in Aceh has been relatively free from religious radicalism. The teaching of Islamic studies at PTKIN in Aceh still adheres to the Qur’an, Hadith and authoritative references from various sources and time periods, from classical to contemporary books, and from moderate to contextual approaches that respect differences in understanding. The small potential and threat of religious radicalism at PTKIN in Aceh, in addition to the academic system built within PTKIN itself, are influenced by the socio-cultural and political environment in Aceh which is quite accommodating to the aspirations of Islamic law. Islam in Aceh today is relatively compatible with the state because the state has given the Acehnese peoplethe right to exercise Islamic law, not only in the private sphere, but also in the public sphere. However, there is one potential threat that needs to be aware of, which is the way to commute between home and campus; and, this particular space needs to be bridged properly so that students will not be recruited by exclusive Islamic groups without the knowledge of the campus and their families.
The Practice of Buying and Selling During Friday Prayer in Mandailing District Natal: A Study With A Maqashid Al-Syari'ah Approach
Authors: Hamid Asrul , Putra Dedisyah 
Published: December 2021

Islam, as a complete religion, regulates all human life. It regulates vertical ritual worship to Allah Almighty and regulates horizontal worship, namely the relationship between humans, so balance is needed in life. Humans as social creatures created by Allah need each other and cannot be separated from muamalah affairs such as buying and selling to fulfill their needs. Buying and selling is also a daily activity for everyone to meet the needs of their lives. Everyone who does buying and selling must know the law of buying and selling so that no one is harmed, especially the practice of buying and selling when Friday prayer are performed. Thus, the practice works under the provisions of Islamic law. Hablum minannas in the practice of muamalah towards fellow human beings must be in line with hablum minallah based on the guidance of Islamic law. Broadly speaking, Islamic law itself is divided into two; worship and muamalah. Muamalah is the rules (laws) of Allah Swt, intended to regulate human life in worldly affairs of a social nature. In this discussion, the author will explain the law of buying and selling during Friday prayer in Mandailing Natal Regency: a study with a maqashid al-syari'ah approach. This research is descriptive-analytical with the field study research through a normative, empirical approach. The results of this study is that the law of buying and selling that reaches the degree of urgency during Friday prayer is permissible with the aim of more significant benefit, namely protecting the soul (hifdzun an-Nafs) and (hifdzun al-Aql). This law applies in buying and selling medical drugs at pharmacies, hospitals, and other vital objects.
The Determinants of Tourists’ Intention to Visit Halal Tourism Destinations in Aceh Province
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad Yasir , Innayatillah Innayatillah , Isnaliana Isnaliana , Maulana Hafiizh 
Published: December 2021

This present study aims to identify the determinants of tourists’ intention towards halal tourism in Aceh Province. The population of this study was the tourists visiting Aceh Province in 2019 based on the data from the Central Bureau of statistics. The study used a quantitative research method, employing a purposive questionnaire to 300 local tourists and foreign tourists. The study analyzed the data using multiple linear regression with independent variables consisting of perceptions about access, communication, environment, and service. Overall, the study found that the perceptual attributes of access, communication, environment, and service were able to determine the tourists’ intention towards halal tourism in Aceh. The two most dominant determinants in shaping and encouraging increased intention in halal tourism were the Islamic environment and service for halal tourism. The study recommends the importance of adopting the Islamicenvironmental ecosystem and service as a market strategy for halal tourism destinations in Aceh Province.
Evaluación nutricional e ingesta de macronutrientes de taekwondistas
Authors: Alva Liz Marien , Curvale Pautaso Valentina , Genuario Agostina , Schenone Andrea , Ravelli Sandra 
Published: December 2021

El taekwondo (TKD) es una modalidad de combate coreana, que se basa en técnicas de mucha fluidez, velocidad y explosividad. Para un óptimo estado de salud y rendimiento, se debe lograr un adecuado aporte de energía para cada grupo etario y disciplina deportiva
Se evaluó el estado nutricional de 20 niños/as y la composición corporal de 6 adultos.
Se midió peso y talla en menores a partir de los Patrones de Crecimiento IMC/Edad de la OMS, y 20 variables antropométricas en adultos según protocolo ISAK.
Se estimó ingesta de macronutrientes mediante registros alimentarios de 3 días no consecutivos. El análisis de la ingesta fue cuanti-cualitativo.
Se concluyó que la mitad de los niños/adolescentes presentaron sobrepeso y obesidad y solo uno bajo peso. Mientras que dos adultos fueron ponderados con sobrepeso.
En cuanto a la ingesta, la mayoría de los niños/adolescentes, adultos tuvieron un consumo inadecuado de hidratos de carbono. La ingesta de proteínas fue adecuada en casi todos los evaluados.
Se promueve el trabajo interdisciplinario para la evaluación, seguimiento y preparación integral del deportista, sobre todo a edades tempranas
Does Household Tax Burden Have an Impact on Individuals’ Savings in Banks? The Case of Ukraine
Authors: Sudak Gennadiy , Yuliia Savchenko 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper aims to assess the impact of the effective and nominal household tax burden on household deposits in Ukrainian banks. We used the effective tax burden, which includes personal income taxes and value-added tax (VAT) paid. We considered changes in Ukrainian tax law from 2003 to 2016, which included a change from progressive income taxation to proportional income taxation, a decrease in tax rates in 2003, and an increase in tax rates in 2014–2016. The data sample consists of publicly available data on Ukrainian households’ income, savings, and taxes paid in 1996–2019. The analysis was performed using panel regression and the difference-in-difference (DID) method. The tax burden impact on bank deposits is significant and is caused partly by the shadow economy.
The results of the study are relevant for Ukraine and countries with similar economies. The methodological approaches developed in the paper can be used for similar studies in other developing countries.
Perkembangan Riset Penerapan Analytical Hierarchy Process Pada Decision Support Systems dan Dampak Penggunaanya di Indonesia
Authors: Suryana I Putu Agus Priska , Pramaita Nyoman , Sudarma Made 
Published: December 2021

Intisari— Decision Support Systems dapat mendukung dalam mengambil keputusan untuk memecahkan kasus-kasus tidak terstruktur dan kompleks. Dalam tiap pengambilan sebuah keputusan akan selalu menghasilkan suatu pilihan akhir. Pada penerapan Sistem pendukung keputusan sering menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). AHP dapat memecahkan kasus kompleks dimana kriteria yang diambil cukup banyak. Selain penerapan DSS, penulis juga menganalisis pengaruh penerapan Decision Support Systems pada suatu lembaga menggunakan Simple linear regression. Simple linear regression digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel bebas terhadap variabel terikat. Dari beberapa review penelitian yang ada di Indonesia telah banyak yang menerapkan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) untuk membantu dalam proses pendukung keputusan. Lembaga/ organisasi tersebut bergerak, dibidang Akademik, Swasta, Rumah Sakit, Pariwisata, dan Pemerintah. Penelitian ini mendapatkan hasil evaluasi pengembangan sistem AHP berbasis dekstop menjadi paling dominan dengan angka 58% dimana pada project pemerintahan menjadi yang terbanyak 48 %.
Kata Kunci : Decision Support Systems, Analytical Hierarchy Process, AHP, Information System, Simple linear regression