bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L'esilio degli intellettuali spagnoli e tedeschi in Messico: due esperienze a confronto
Authors: Faber Sebastiaan 
Published: June 2021

- Between 1939 and 1946 Mexico City became one of the most important centers of attraction for European refugees. Many artists, writers, directors, philosophers and anti-fascist militants coming from Spain and Germany took refuge in the capital of Mexico. The author focuses on these two groups, highlighting common elements and main differences and taking the writer Max Aub and Egon Erwin Kish as an example. Using this as a case study, the essay develops a few methodological considerations on the opportunity to develop comparative studies on exile, overcoming the rigid classification and separation of single national cases.Parole chiave:guerra civile spagnola, esilio, Messico, repubblicani, comunisti, comparazione, storia transnazionale Spanish Civil War, exile, Mexico, Republicans, Communists, comparison, transnational History
Per un profilo prosopografico dei sociologi di lingua tedesca in esilio
Authors: Fleck Christian 
Published: June 2021

- Sociologists have an eminent role among social scientists which were forced to migrate to the United States after 1933. The objective of defining their prosopographic profile pushed the author to identify the main features that determine the identity of this figure, which did not have a precise profile in Europe in the 1920's and 1930's. Crossing various sources, the article first delineates the basic identikit of the German speaking sociologist and then compares a few specific categories: scholars who migrated, those who remained in their native country, and those of German or Austrian origin. The second part of the essay is totally devoted to the evaluation of the impact of the scientific production of this group of sociologists on American culture.Parole chiave: sociologia, esilio, universitŕ, prosopografia, carriere, impatto scientifico sociology, exile, universities, prosopography, careers, scientific impact
La Scuola di Francoforte in esilio: storia di un'inchiesta sull'antisemitismo nella classe operaia americana
Authors: Collomp Catherine 
Published: June 2021

- Between July and December 1944 the Institute for social research of Columbia University made known the results of a survey on anti-Semitism in the American working class carried out by the Jewish Labor Committee of New York. The results of the research confirmed the rooting of a few stereotypes and prejudices on Jews in some specific segments of the American working world: more widespread among "blue collars" rather than "white collars" and among the white population rather than the black. This form of anti-Semitism involved, paradoxically, also the workers of factories producing weapons to fight against the Third Reich. A form of anti-Semitism which did not stop with the end of World War II but turned, using the same mechanisms analyzed by migrant German sociologists, into a discrimination against communist militants.Parole chiave: Scuola di Francoforte, esilio, classe operaia, antisemitismo, razzismo, comunismo School of Frankfurt, exile, anti-Semitism, working class, racism, communism
Eccezionalismo, identitŕ nazionale e interdipendenza : nuove sintesi italiane sulla storia degli Stati Uniti d'America
Authors: Fiorentino Daniele 
Published: June 2021

- The essay examines some central concepts of U.S. history and culture through the analysis of three volumes published in Italy in 2008. The author uses the concept of American Exceptionalism in order to provide a closer reading of the books and a better understanding of the image of the United States offered today, as well as the place of U.S. history in Italy. Cultural Pluralism is an important framework in the historical and historiographical narratives. Touching upon other central ideals of American identity such as Manifest Destiny, the Frontier, and Internationalism, this essay deals with the issue of Imperialism and the reactions against it in the 19th and 20th centuries. Through the question of immigration, reference is made to multiculturalism and the processes that led toward a progressive integration of different minorities on the basis of models proposed by the dominant society. The essay thus recapitulates some of the most widespread stereotypes concerning ethnic groups and the construction of a new model of Cultural Pluralism.Key words: U.S. history, exceptionalism, American imperialism, immigration, cultural pluralism, Melting PotParole chiave: storia degli Stati Uniti, eccezionalismo, imperialismo americano, immigrazione, pluralismo culturale, melting pot
A digitális kor kihívásai és a vizuális média jelenléte a köznevelésben
Authors: Jaskóné dr. Gácsi Mária 
Published: June 2021

Absztrakt Ismeretes tény, hogy napjainkban elterjedtek a különféle digitális eszközök, egy okostelefon általában a szerényebb anyagi helyzetben élő családokban is megtalálható. Hallhatjuk, hogy a mai gyermekek digitális bennszülöttek, ez a környezet természetes számukra.Ennek ellenére nem terjedt el a köznevelésben az e-learning, a digitális oktatás vagy a multimédián alapuló tanítás. Mit jelent a digitális oktatás és az elektronikus eszközök használata a tanulás szempontjából? Jelen írásomban igyekszem feltárni ennek okait. Elsőként a tanítási-tanulási folyamatról szóló néhány fontos elméletet tekintek át, majd az elektronikus tanulási környezet jellemzőit veszem sorra. Foglalkozom a pedagógusok és a diákok kompetenciáival, felkészültségével. Megítélésem szerint, a hiányosságok forrásainak megnevezése erről való gondolkodás elengedhetetlen a fejlesztés szempontjából. Kulcsszavak: digitális oktatás, média, elektronikus tanulási környezet THE CHALLENGES OF THE DIGITAL AGE AND THE PRESENCE OF VISUAL MEDIA IN PUBLIC EDUCATION Abstract It is a known fact that various digital devices are prevalent nowadays, a smartphone is usually found in families living in a more modest financial situation. We can hear that today’s children are digital natives, this environment is natural to them.Nevertheless, e-learning, digital education, or multimedia-based education are not widespread in public education. What does digital education and the use of electronic tools for learning mean? In this writing, I try to explore the reasons for this. I first review some important theories about the teaching-learning process and then list the characteristics of an e-learning environment. I deal with the competencies and readiness of teachers and students. In my view, naming the sources of deficiencies and thinking about it is essential for development. Keywords: e-learning, digital education, media, e-learning environment
Cégkultúra, vezetői személyiség, HR szervezet és a vállalati CSR tevékenység: I. Elméleti alapok
Authors: Módosné Szalai Szilvia , Jenei Szonja 
Published: June 2021

Kutatásunk célja a vállalati társadalmi felelősségvállalást befolyásoló tényezők hatásainak elemzése. Kvantitatív vizsgálatot folytattunk, melynek megalapozása során a vezetői személyiség, a vállalati kultúra és a humán menedzsment működési sajátosságait elemeztük. A kutatás 2020 őszén zajlott Magyarországon. Vállalati vezetők és HR szakemberek töltötték ki kérdőívünket, számítógéppel támogatott adatgyűjtést végeztünk. A kapott 37 választ a kismintára érvényes statisztikai szabályok szerint elemeztük. Eredményeinket a COVID-19 járvány hatásai befolyásolták, a vállalati CSR tevékenység a recesszió hatására háttérbe szorult, de a vezetők attitűdje nem változott, csak a lehetőségek szűkültek. Corporate Culture, Management Personality, HR Organization and Corporate CSR Activities I. Our research aims to analyze the effects of factors influencing corporate social responsibility. We conducted a quantitative study, in the course of which we explored the operational characteristics of the managerial personality, the corporate culture and human resource management. The research took place in the autumn of 2020 in Hungary. Company executives and HR professionals completed our questionnaires, and we conducted computer-assisted data collection. The 37 responses received were analyzed according to the statistical rules applicable to the small sample. Our results were affected by the effects of the COVID-19 epidemic. Corporate CSR activity was pushed into the background due to the recession, but the attitude of managers did not change, only the opportunities narrowed. Keywords: social responsibility, managerial personality, HR activity, corporate culture
CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF BOMB DETECTOR AS ANTICIPATION OF TERRORISM THREAT TO PUBLIC SERVICES
Authors: Sumariyanto Iris , Supriyadi Asep Adang , Putra A I Nengah 
Published: June 2021

<p>Acts of terrorism are crimes and serious violations of human rights, also the threat of violence that can cause mass casualties and destruction of vital strategic objects. This is an urgent threat that needs to be prepared by designing a bomb detector conceptual design as anticipation of the threat of terrorism in public services. This study aims to obtain operational requirements and conceptual design of bomb detectors as detection of terrorism threats in public services. This study uses a mixed-method with a systems engineering approach and a life cycle model to produce a technological design. The results of operational requirements are sensors, standards, artificial intelligence, integration capability, reliability, calibration mode, portable, and easy to maintain. The configuration design is divided into three stages, namely, 1) sensors including a camera security surveillance system vector image, metal detectors, explosive detectors, and A-jamming; 2) as a processing device, processes an order with the help of an artificial intelligence system; and 3) a security computer (surveillance), early warning, and mobile information to provide information to related agencies, especially the anti-terror unit.</p>
Contextualization of Forest Governance for Implementation of REDD+ in Bangladesh
Authors: Miah Md Danesh , Islam Gazi Azizul 
Published: June 2021

Poor governance accelerates the deforestation and forest degradation through corruption in Bangladesh due to the enhancement of prevalent activities such as excessive collection of forests products, trafficking of logs out of reserve forests, land grabs by powerful actors, illegal encroachment of forests, etc. The study was conducted with a view to assessing the present scenario of the forest governance system based on five UN principles in Bangladesh which will be the driving force to the successful implementation of the REDD+. The study was conducted in Rangamati, Madhupur, and Sreemangal, through focus group discussion, key informants interview, and an online survey. The study shows that lack of transparency, accountability, and integrity is one of the main underlying drivers of deforestation and forest degradation. Restriction to accessing reports on fiscal activities, lack of laws and regulation concerning to public funds, lack of independent institution, ineffective monitoring and testing systems, and inadequate detection, investigation, and prosecution practices, etc. enhance the corruption in the forestry sector and the hindrances of effective REDD+ implementation in Bangladesh. The study suggested taking legal protection, engaging civil society and improving the organizational structures of the forest department to check the corruption in the forestry sector of Bangladesh.
The Chittagong Univ. J. Sci. 40(1) : 148-177, 2019
NO SERA AUDAZ NI TEMERARIO
Authors: Espinosa-Cordero Simón 
Published: June 2021

No será improbable afirmar que con su muerte la obra de Hernán Malo González se echará a andar. Ha dejado discípulos y amigos, libros escritos, una corporación editora seria que difunde lo nacional y pronto publicará, gracias a lo que supo sembrar: razón, coraje, humanidad, amor a la patria, una monumental Historia del Ecuador no escrita por Malo, pero sí nacida al calor de su abrazo, y un pensamiento claro y avanzado para la universidad ecuatoriana.
Correlação entre o aumento do volume orbitário pós trauma em face e as repercussões clínicas
Authors: Neves Lucas Emmanuell de Morais , Silva Maxsuel Bezerra da , Brito Felipe Ricardo Cisneiros , Santos Greiciane Miguel de Azevedo , Tito Fernanda Kelly Costa , Ferreira Myllenna dos Santos , Cabral Luiza Fernanda Correia Molina , Souza Heverson Thiago da Silva , Silva Lilian Juliana Torres , Rocha Rafaelle Leal de Melo 
Published: June 2021

As fraturas orbitárias transcorrem com considerável frequência e quando há o envolvimento das suas paredes, geralmente observam-se mudanças no volume orbitário, que resultam em diversas alterações clínicas. Objetiva-se por meio desse estudo, correlacionar o aumento do volume orbitário, pós-trauma em face, com as alterações clínicas observadas, enfatizando a influência dessas variáveis na tomada de decisão sobre a intervenção terapêutica mais adequada. Realizou-se um levantamento bibliográfico nas principais bases de dados online, por meio dos descritores: Órbita, Fraturas Ósseas, Tomografia e Cirurgia Maxilofacial, contemplando artigos completos de pesquisa, revisão, e ainda, relatos de caso, publicados nos últimos 5 anos (2015-2020), nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol. Por meio do estudo, tornou-se claro que as fraturas orbitais representam 40% de todas as fraturas faciais, podendo esse percentual aumentar quando há o envolvimento de outros ossos articulados. Evidenciou-se a existência de uma correlação positiva entre o aumento de volume orbitário e a ocorrência de algumas alterações clínicas. Com relação a escolha do tratamento apropriado para a correção das deformidades, compreendeu-se que características clínicas e radiográficas devem ser observadas, sendo a diplopia, distopia, enoftalmia, exolftalmia, oftalmoplegia e lesão nervosa as principais alterações clínicas. Dessa maneira, conclui-se que o aumento volumétrico influencia diretamente as repercussões clínicas pós-traumas em face, devendo ser considerado no processo decisões terapêuticas, que podem ser cirúrgicas ou conservadoras.
lncRNA-HEIM Facilitated Liver Fibrosis by Up-Regulating TGF-β Expression in Long-Term Outcome of Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Yao Jian , Lin Chenhong , Jiang Jingjing , Zhang Xujun , Li Fengxia , Liu Tianxing , Diao Hongyan 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundChronic liver fibrosis is an inevitable stage for the development of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). However, anti-fibrotic therapies have been unsuccessful so far. The biological functions and molecular mechanisms of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the host immune system during chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, especially in fibrosis, are still largely unknown.MethodThe total RNA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from asymptomatic carriers (ASCs) or CHB receiving at least 8 years of anti-viral treatments was analyzed using Arraystar microarray and validated via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Correlation analysis was conducted based on correlation coefficients, Clusterprofile, and RNA Interactome Database (RAID). The functions of lncRNA in monocytes were determined via loss-of-function RNAi or gain-of-function lentivirus assays. The expression levels of mRNAs or proteins were evaluated using qRT-PCR, western blotting assay, or enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).ResultsA total of 1,042 mRNA transcripts (630 up-regulated and 412 down-regulated) were identified being differentially expressed between ASC and CHB patients. Through enrichment analysis we focused on the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway and validated their expression in a larger cohort. Moreover, we found that lncRNA ENST00000519726 (lncRNA-HEIM) was highly expressed in monocytes and further up-regulated upon HBV infection. LncRNA-HEIM played an important role in CHB patients with long-term antiviral treatments, and its elevated expression was remarkably correlated with the TGF-β signaling pathway, especially with the two members namely TGF-β and SMAD4. Furthermore, altering the endogenous lncRNA-HEIM level in monocytes significantly affected the production of TGF-β, as well as the fibrosis of hepatic stellate cells by affecting the expression of collagen I and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA).ConclusionThese findings not only added knowledge to the understanding of the roles of which lncRNA-HEIM played in the activation of HSCs in CHB patients with long-term medication, but also provided a promising therapeutic target in the future treatment for liver fibrosis.
MR Tractography-Based Targeting and Physiological Identification of the Cuneiform Nucleus for Directional DBS in a Parkinson’s Disease Patient With Levodopa-Resistant Freezing of Gait
Authors: Chang Stephano J. , Cajigas Iahn , Guest James D. , Noga Brian R. , Widerström-Noga Eva , Haq Ihtsham , Fisher Letitia , Luca Corneliu C. , Jagid Jonathan R. 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundFreezing of gait (FOG) is a debilitating motor deficit in a subset of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) patients that is poorly responsive to levodopa or deep brain stimulation (DBS) of established PD targets. The proposal of a DBS target in the midbrain, known as the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN), to address FOG was based on its observed neuropathology in PD and its hypothesized involvement in locomotor control as a part of the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR). Initial reports of PPN DBS were met with enthusiasm; however, subsequent studies reported mixed results. A closer review of the MLR basic science literature, suggests that the closely related cuneiform nucleus (CnF), dorsal to the PPN, may be a superior site to promote gait. Although suspected to have a conserved role in the control of gait in humans, deliberate stimulation of a homolog to the CnF in humans using directional DBS electrodes has not been attempted.MethodsAs part of an open-label Phase 1 clinical study, one PD patient with predominantly axial symptoms and severe FOG refractory to levodopa therapy was implanted with directional DBS electrodes (Boston Science Vercise CartesiaTM) targeting the CnF bilaterally. Since the CnF is a poorly defined reticular nucleus, targeting was guided both by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography and anatomical landmarks. Intraoperative stimulation and microelectrode recordings were performed near the targets with leg EMG surface recordings in the subject.ResultsPost-operative imaging revealed accurate targeting of both leads to the designated CnF. Intraoperative stimulation near the target at low thresholds in the awake patient evoked involuntary electromyography (EMG) oscillations in the legs with a peak power at the stimulation frequency, similar to observations with CnF DBS in animals. Oscillopsia was the primary side effect evoked at higher currents, especially when directed posterolaterally. Directional DBS could mitigate oscillopsia.ConclusionDTI-based targeting and intraoperative stimulation to evoke limb EMG activity may be useful methods to help target the CnF accurately and safely in patients. Long term follow-up and detailed gait testing of patients undergoing CnF stimulation will be necessary to confirm the effects on FOG.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT04218526.
Phase 2 Study of Pomalidomide (CC-4047) Monotherapy for Children and Young Adults With Recurrent or Progressive Primary Brain Tumors
Authors: Fangusaro Jason , Cefalo Maria Giuseppina , Garré Maria Luisa , Marshall Lynley V. , Massimino Maura , Benettaib Bouchra , Biserna Noha , Poon Jennifer , Quan Jackie , Conlin Erin , Lewandowski John , Simcock Mathew , Jeste Neelum , Hargrave Darren R. , Doz François , Warren Katherine E. 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionTreatment of recurrent primary pediatric brain tumors remains a major challenge, with most children succumbing to their disease. We conducted a prospective phase 2 study investigating the safety and efficacy of pomalidomide (POM) in children and young adults with recurrent and progressive primary brain tumors.MethodsPatients with recurrent and progressive high-grade glioma (HGG), diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), ependymoma, or medulloblastoma received POM 2.6 mg/m2/day (the recommended phase 2 dose [RP2D]) on days 1-21 of a 28-day cycle. A Simon’s Optimal 2-stage design was used to determine efficacy. Primary endpoints included objective response (OR) and long-term stable disease (LTSD) rates. Secondary endpoints included duration of response, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety.Results46 patients were evaluable for response (HGG, n = 19; DIPG, ependymoma, and medulloblastoma, n = 9 each). Two patients with HGG achieved OR or LTSD (10.5% [95% CI, 1.3%-33.1%]; 1 partial response and 1 LTSD) and 1 patient with ependymoma had LTSD (11.1% [95% CI, 0.3%-48.2%]). There were no ORs or LTSD in the DIPG or medulloblastoma cohorts. The median PFS for patients with HGG, DIPG, ependymoma, and medulloblastoma was 7.86, 11.29, 8.43, and 8.43 weeks, respectively. Median OS was 5.06, 3.78, 12.02, and 11.60 months, respectively. Neutropenia was the most common grade 3/4 adverse event.ConclusionsTreatment with POM monotherapy did not meet the primary measure of success in any cohort. Future studies are needed to evaluate if POM would show efficacy in tumors with specific molecular signatures or in combination with other anticancer agents.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03257631; EudraCT, identifier 2016-002903-25.
Texture Analysis Using Semiquantitative Kinetic Parameter Maps from DCE-MRI: Preoperative Prediction of HER2 Status in Breast Cancer
Authors: Song Lirong , Li Chunli , Yin Jiandong 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether texture features derived from semiquantitative kinetic parameter maps based on breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) can determine human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status of patients with breast cancer.Materials and MethodsThis study included 102 patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer, all of whom underwent preoperative breast DCE-MRI and were enrolled retrospectively. This cohort included 48 HER2-positive cases and 54 HER2-negative cases. Seven semiquantitative kinetic parameter maps were calculated on the lesion area. A total of 55 texture features were extracted from each kinetic parameter map. Patients were randomly divided into training (n = 72) and test (n = 30) sets. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used to select features in the training set, and then, multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to establish the prediction models. The classification performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsAmong the seven prediction models, the model with features extracted from the early signal enhancement ratio (ESER) map yielded an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.83 in the training set (sensitivity of 70.59%, specificity of 92.11%, and accuracy of 81.94%), and the highest AUC of 0.83 in the test set (sensitivity of 57.14%, specificity of 100.00%, and accuracy of 80.00%). The model with features extracted from the slope of signal intensity (SIslope) map yielded the highest AUC of 0.92 in the training set (sensitivity of 82.35%, specificity of 97.37%, and accuracy of 90.28%), and an AUC of 0.79 in the test set (sensitivity of 92.86%, specificity of 68.75%, and accuracy of 80.00%).ConclusionsTexture features derived from kinetic parameter maps, calculated based on breast DCE-MRI, have the potential to be used as imaging biomarkers to distinguish HER2-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer.