bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Dyslipidaemia for the Prevention of Stroke: Clinical
Practice Recommendations from the Lipid Association of India
Authors: Puri Raman , Mehta Vimal , Iyengar Shamanna Seshadri , Srivastava Padma , Yusuf Jamal , Pradhan Akshaya , Pandian Jeyaraj Durai , Sharma Vijay K. , Renjen Pushpendra Nath , Muruganathan Arumugam , Krishnan Mugundhan , Srinivasan Avathvadi Venkatesan , Shetty Sadanand , Narasingan Sanjeevi Nathamuni , Nair Devaki R. , Bansal Manish , Prabhakar Dorairaj , Varma Mukul , Paliwal Vimal K. , Kapoor Aditya , Mukhopadhyay Saibal , Mehrotra Rahul , Patanwala Rashida Melinkari , Aggarwal Rajeev , Mahajan Kunal , Kumar Soumitra , Bardoloi Neil , Pareek Krishna Kumar , Manoria Prabhash Chand , Pancholia Arvind Kumar , Nanda Rashmi , Wong Nathan D. , Duell Paul Barton 
Published: November 2021

:
Stroke is the second most common cause of death worldwide. The rates of stroke are increasing
in less affluent countries predominantly because of a high prevalence of modifiable risk factors. The Lipid
Association of India (LAI) has provided a risk stratification algorithm for patients with ischaemic stroke
and recommended low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals for those in very high risk group and
extreme risk group (category A) of <50 mg/dl (1.3 mmol/l) while the LDL-C goal for extreme risk group
(category B) is ≤30 mg/dl (0.8 mmol/l). High intensity statins are the first-line lipid lowering therapy. Nonstatin
therapy like ezetimibe and proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors may be
added as an adjunct to statins in patients who do not achieve LDL-C goals with statins alone. In acute
ischaemic stroke, high intensity statin therapy improves neurological and functional outcomes regardless of
thrombolytic therapy. Although conflicting data exist regarding increased risk of intracerebral haemorrhage
(ICH) with statin use, the overall benefit risk ratio favors long-term statin therapy necessitating detailed
discussion with the patient. Patients who have statins withdrawn while being on prior statin therapy at the
time of acute ischaemic stroke have worse functional outcomes and increased mortality. LAI recommends
that statins be continued in such patients. In patients presenting with ICH, statins should not be started in
the acute phase but should be continued in patients who are already taking statins. ICH patients, once stable,
need risk stratification for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).
The Emerging Role of Metformin in the Prevention and Treatment of Colorectal
Cancer: A Game Changer for the Management of Colorectal
Cancer
Authors: Ala Moein 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
Metformin is an old, inexpensive, and relatively safe anti-diabetic medication that can
decrease the risk of several types of cancer in patients with diabetes. Recent meta-analyses have revealed
that metformin markedly decreased the incidence of colorectal adenoma, advanced adenoma,
and colorectal cancer (CRC) among patients with diabetes. Potential mechanisms by which
metformin may decrease colorectal cancer risk include its effects on ameliorating intestinal inflammation
and dysbiosis, suppressing major proliferative pathways, preventing DNA replication, accelerating
tumor cells apoptosis, inhibiting intra-tumor angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition
(EMT), increasing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and CD68+ tumor-associated
macrophages, and enhancing T cells cytotoxic activity. It is well-known that metformin can improve
overall survival and CRC-specific survival among patients with diabetes and CRC. Interestingly,
metformin decreases the incidence of colonic adenoma in patients with acromegaly and reduces
the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) among patients with diabetes, which can
indirectly lower the risk of CRC. Results of phase II clinical trials have revealed that metformin
can enhance the anti-cancer effects of chemotherapeutic agents, such as 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and
irinotecan on refractory CRC. Furthermore, metformin decreases the risk of new polyps and adenomas
in patients without diabetes. Regarding the results of previous preclinical and clinical studies,
it is rational to assess the effect of metformin in normoglycemic patients with CRC and expand its
clinical application for treating CRC or preventing it in a high-risk population.
Biological and Pharmacogenomics Bases of Gastrointestinal and Some
Long-term Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors-induced Adverse Effects
Authors: Badamasi Ibrahim Mohammed , Stanslas Johnson 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Patients being treated with SSRIs who experience intolerable Adverse Effects (AEs) have a penchant for discontinuing treatment, inevitably jeopardizing any probability for treatment response.

Aim:
This study aims to identify the Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with certain AEs of SSRI treatment in Major Depression Disorder (MDD).

Results:
Patients with the short (SS) genotype (44 base pair deletion) and those with the long along with guanine substitution (LgLg - 44 base pair insertion with rs25531- guanine substitution variant) of the serotonin transporter gene (STG) have substantially been reported with a higher incidence of AEs to SSRI. While variants of glutamate receptor ionotropic genes have been found to be linked with different domains of sexual dysfunction, polymorphisms of 5-HT2A gene - rs6311 (G > A), the long allele (L) of STG, rs6295 (C > G) polymorphism of HTR1A and polymorphism rs1160351 (A > C) of MAM domain-containing glycosyl-phosphatidyl inositol anchor 2 (MDGA2) gene have also been found to be associated with sexual dysfunction. The rs4680 (G>A; Val > Met) polymorphism of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), AA genotype of rs18532 polymorphism of tryptophan hydroxylase, the rs6318 (C > G) polymorphism of the serotonin receptor 2C (HTR2C), and S allele of STG were found to be associated with weight gain following SSRI treatment. The sanctity of these results is limited by the inability of some researchers to replicate these association findings.

Conclusion:
This review highlights a number of polymorphisms associated with some of the key AEs encountered in SSRI treatments. Standardized study designs in pharmacogenomic evaluations hold great promise for replication of association findings.
Factors Affecting the Adoption and Use of Hearing Aids among Older Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jorbonyan Abdolhakim , Momtaz Yadollah Abolfathi , Foroghan Mahshid , Mehrkian Saeideh 
Published: November 2021

Objective:
The most effective modality for presbycusis is using hearing
aids. However, the rate of adoption and use of hearing aids among the elderly is
not in line with the expectations. This review investigates the current evidence to
identify factors affecting the adoption and use of hearing aids among the elderly
with hearing loss.

Design:
This is a systematic review whose sample includes English articles published
in peer-reviewed journals from January 2015 to October 2020. The search
was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Scopus electronic
databases. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessments were performed
by two independent reviewers.

Results:
In the 22 studies included in this review, a number of factors, including
demographic status (economic status and level of education), auditory factors
(hearing loss severity, presence of tinnitus, and the sound quality of hearing aids),
attitudinal and psychosocial factors (self-perceived hearing problems, perceived
self-efficacy, perceived benefit, support from significant others, and extrovert and
ambivert personality types) were identified as variables potentially impacting the
adoption and use of hearing aids.

Conclusion:
The results show that demographic, attitudinal, and psychosocial factors,
as well as auditory factors, play an influential role in the adoption and use
rate of hearing aids among older populations suffering from hearing loss. Therefore,
it is necessary to consider these factors in order to formulate hearing healthcare
policies and adopt targeted and appropriate interventions in the process of prescribing,
adjusting, and evaluating hearing aids.

PROSPERO registration:
The protocol of this systematic review was published
in the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) with
registration number: CRD42021227684 (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_
record.php?ID=CRD42021227684)
Assessing Physicians’ Recall Bias of Work Hours With a Mobile App: Interview and App-Recorded Data Comparison
Authors: Wang Hsiao-Han , Lin Yu-Hsuan 
Published: November 2021

Background
Previous studies have shown inconsistencies in the accuracy of self-reported work hours. However, accurate documentation of work hours is fundamental for the formation of labor policies. Strict work-hour policies decrease medical errors, improve patient safety, and promote physicians’ well-being.

Objective
The aim of this study was to estimate physicians’ recall bias of work hours with a mobile app, and to examine the association between the recall bias and physicians’ work hours.

Methods
We quantified recall bias by calculating the differences between the app-recorded and self-reported work hours of the previous week and the penultimate week. We recruited 18 physicians to install the “Staff Hours” app, which automatically recorded GPS-defined work hours for 2 months, contributing 1068 person-days. We examined the association between work hours and two recall bias indicators: (1) the difference between self-reported and app-recorded work hours and (2) the percentage of days for which work hours were not precisely recalled during interviews.

Results
App-recorded work hours highly correlated with self-reported counterparts (r=0.86-0.88, P<.001). Self-reported work hours were consistently significantly lower than app-recorded hours by –8.97 (SD 8.60) hours and –6.48 (SD 8.29) hours for the previous week and the penultimate week, respectively (both P<.001). The difference for the previous week was significantly correlated with work hours in the previous week (r=–0.410, P=.01), whereas the correlation of the difference with the hours in the penultimate week was not significant (r=–0.119, P=.48). The percentage of hours not recalled (38.6%) was significantly higher for the penultimate week (38.6%) than for the first week (16.0%), and the former was significantly correlated with work hours of the penultimate week (r=0.489, P=.002)

Conclusions
Our study identified the existence of recall bias of work hours, the extent to which the recall was biased, and the influence of work hours on recall bias.
Mediating Effects of Stigma and Depressive Symptoms in a Social Media–Based Intervention to Improve Long-term Quality of Life Among People Living With HIV: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Li Yiran , Guo Yan , Hong Y Alicia , Zeng Chengbo , Zeng Yu , Zhang Hanxi , Zhu Mengting , Qiao Jiaying , Cai Weiping , Li Linghua , Liu Cong 
Published: November 2021

Background
Mobile health (mHealth) interventions have been shown to effectively improve the quality of life (QOL) among people living with HIV. However, little is known about the long-term effects of mHealth interventions.

Objective
This study aims to explore the intervention mechanisms of a social media–based intervention, Run4Love, on the QOL of people with HIV over across a 9-month follow-up period.

Methods
We recruited people living with HIV who were concurrently experiencing elevated depressive symptoms from an HIV outpatient clinic in South China. A total of 300 eligible participants were randomized either to the intervention group or the control group in a 1:1 ratio after they provided informed consent and completed a baseline survey. The intervention group received a 3-month WeChat-based intervention, comprising cognitive-behavioral stress management (CBSM) courses and physical activity promotion. The control group received a printed brochure on nutrition guidelines in addition to the usual care for HIV treatment. Neither participants nor the research staff were blinded to group assignment. All patients were followed at 3, 6, and 9 months. The primary outcome was depressive symptoms. Structural equation model (SEM) with longitudinal data was conducted to examine the sequential mediating effects of HIV-related stigma and depressive symptoms on the long-term intervention effects on participants’ QOL.

Results
About 91.3% (274/300), 88.3% (265/300), and 86.7% (260/300) of all participants completed follow-up surveys at 3, 6, and 9 months, respectively. Results showed that the intervention had significantly improved participants' QOL at 9 months, via complete mediating effects of reduced HIV-related stigma at 3 months and decreased depressive symptoms at 6 months. No adverse events were reported.

Conclusions
These findings underscore the critical roles of HIV-related stigma and depressive symptoms in an mHealth intervention with long-term effects on QOL improvements. We call for targeted mHealth interventions to improve QOL among people living with HIV, especially social media–based interventions that can address HIV-related stigma and alleviate depressive symptoms.

Trial Registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-IPR-17012606; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=21019
Legal and Practical Issues Related to Telework: The Example of Estonian Law
Authors: Tavits Gaabriel , Kelli Aleksei 
Published: November 2021

Telework as a new form of employment has become particularly relevant with the advent of the COVID-19 restrictions. So far, telework has been used occasionally, and only a few employers and employees have resorted to this mode of work. Due to the COVID-19 situation, telework has become a reality, and at times it is the only possibility to work. Although telework is widely used, the legal regulation might not be apparent. The article explores the specific aspects of legal regulation regarding telework in Estonia.
The Latvian Marriage Law 1918–1940 Betwixt and Between the Poles of Conflicting Moral Values
Authors: Schwartz Philipp 
Published: November 2021

The article looks at the Latvian marriage law during the period of 1918–1940, and how it copes with being betwixt and between the poles of conflicting moral values. The article sheds light on the discussions in the newly established Republic of Latvia regarding its marriage law, which was to be created and the development of the codification work took culminating in the Latvian Civil Code of 1937. Additionally, it draws parallels with the contemporary discussions in Latvia between the supporters of a more traditional conservative and a more modern liberal family and marriage law.
Restriction of Competition After Termination of Employment Relationships
Authors: Kārkliņa Annija 
Published: November 2021

The article analyses a legal instrument of restriction on competition after termination of employment relationships. The Labour Law of the Republic of Latvia (hereinafter – Labour Law) governs the restriction on professional activity under Articles 84 and 85. The article views the goal of restriction on competition, agreement forms, validity preconditions, including notions of professional activity and adequate compensation, term of restrictions, applicability preconditions, legal framework of responsibility where the restriction has been violated and reinforcements of liability. The article also outlines parties’ rights to unilateral withdrawal from an agreement to restrict competition. with the applied research methods include analytic method (by analysing the legislation and case law), comparative method (comparing regulation of competition restriction in different Member States of the European Union), and an insight was provided into development of regulation of restriction on competition by virtue of historical method.
Multivariate analysis on performance in statistics, self-efficacy and attitudes of senior high school students
Authors: Retutas Mildin Jeminez , Rubio Marilyn Torela 
Published: November 2021

Over the past few years, teaching and learning of statistics have been influenced by the emergence of the reform movement in education such as the K-12 basic education curriculum. Those of statistics concepts have changed both elementary and secondary level. Considering the educational reform in the Philippines, the study was conducted to determine whether there are significant differences of the determinants such as gender, type of school, parent’s educational level, family monthly income, family size and Senior High School track preference to students’ self-efficacy beliefs, attitudes towards Statistics, and performance in Statistics. The causal-comparative research design was used for comparing two or more groups to find the differences or determine whether the independent variable influences the dependent variable. The data were gathered from 570 senior high school students of both public and private schools in Mindanao, Region XI. The study adopted the questionnaires on self-efficacy beliefs and attitude towards Statistics while it utilized a researcher-made questionnaire for performance in Statistics. Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) was used to determine whether multiple levels of independent variables on their own or in combination with one another influence the dependent variables. The findings revealed that among the demographic factors, only type of school has a significant difference to the self-efficacy beliefs, attitudes towards Statistics, and performance of senior high students in Statistics. Implications from the findings of this study might suggest that improving of K-12 school facilities by the school public administrators and collaborative effort of teachers to enhance the students’ self-efficacy, attitudes towards statistics and teaching statistics reveals optimistic results. Also, school administrators may provide opportunities for Statistics teachers to hone their pedagogical skills in promoting and building students’ self-confidence and interest in the subject.
Pengaruh Modal Kerja dan Jumlah Anggota Terhadap Rentabilitas Koperasi
Authors: Jannah Raudatul , Siwi Menik Kurnia 
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine: (1) the effect of working capital on profitability in a cooperative (2) the effect of numbers on profitability in a cooperative (3) the effect of working capital and the number of members on profitability in cooperatives. This type is descriptive causative research, the population used is all cooperatives in the city of Padang, the sample selection is determined using the purposive sampling method. The data collection technique used is documentation. The result showed that 1) working capital and the number of members had a significant effect on profitability whit a probability (F-statistic) of 0.000000<0.05. this means that working capital and the number of members have an effect on profitability in cooperatives. 2) working capital has a positive and insignificant effect on profitability in cooperatives whit a significant result of 0.0607>0.05. this shows that working capital has an effect on cooperative profitability. 3) the number of members has a positive and insignificant effect on profitability whit a significance of 0.5203>0.05. this means that the number of members has no effect on the cooperative’s profitability. Keywords: working capital, number of members, profitability
Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa melalui Permainan Kartu Doremi (pada Mata Pelajaran Ekonomi)
Authors: Nelis Wirda 
Published: November 2021

Proses belajar mengajar dengan menggunakan media kartu bermanfaat untuk menciptakan suasana pembelajaran siswa yang ceria, bersemangat, kreatif, inovatif dan menyenangkan sehingga materi pembelajaran dapat dipahami dengan baik yang akhirnya tercapai hasil belajar yang memuaskan. Penelitian ini berbentuk penelitian tindakan kelas ( PTK ), Subjek Penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPS SMAN 3 Batusangkar , prosedur penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 tahapan/siklus , setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan pengamatan. Instumen yang digunakan adalah lembaran observasi ( wawancara), angket, dan daftar hasil belajar . Berdasarkan data dan fakta yang penulis temui analisa data dilakukan secara kwalitatif. Penggunaan Kartu Doremi dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI IPS SMAN 3 Batusangkar, dibuktikan dengan semakin bertambahnya jumlah siswa bisa mencapai Ketuntasan belajar minimal dari dari siklus satu sampai siklus tiga , persentase siswa dalam mencapai KKM juga semakin meningkat.
Pengaruh Dukungan Orang Tua dan Motivasi Belajar terhadap Minat Siswa Melanjutkan Pendidikan ke Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Addnin Indra Jannatul , Effendi Z. Mawardi 
Published: November 2021

The purpose of this study was to see the effect of parental support and student motivation to continue their education to higher education at SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Padang. This type of research is descriptive quantitative. The population in this study were students of SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Padang. The number of research samples was 60 people and selected using saturated samples. The data used is the type of primary data obtained through distributing questionnaires to predefined students of SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Padang. The analytical method used is multiple regression analysis using SPSS 16. The results show that (1) parental support and learning motivation have a joint influence on students' interest in continuing education to higher education, (2) parental support has an influence on students' interest in continuing education to higher education, (3) learning motivation has an influence on students' interest in continuing education to higher education. interest of students to continue education to college. Keywords : : parental support, learning motivation, student interest
Pengaruh Fasilitas Belajar di Rumah dan Gaya Belajar Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa Kelas X Pemasaran Pada Mata Pelajaran Komunikasi Bisnis SMK Negeri 2 Padang
Authors: Dwi H Nessy Gresita , S Armida 
Published: November 2021

The study was conducted to: (1) The Effect of Home Study Facilities on Student Achievement (In class X Marketing on Business Communication Subjects at SMK Negeri 2 Padang) (2) The Effect of Learning Styles on Student Achievement (In class x Marketing on Eyes) (2). Business Communication Lessons at SMK Negeri 2 Padang). (3) The Effect of Home Learning Facilities and Learning Styles on Student Achievement. The study using a data processing program using SPSS version 23. The population these were students of class X Marketing at SMK Negeri 2 Padang which consisted of 106 students, the sample of this study used 84 students. The analysis included normality test, multicollinearity test and heteroscedasticity test. Hypothesis is multiple regression analysis, F test, coefficient of determination and t tes. The results is: (1) There is a positive and significant effect of Home Study Facilities on Student Achievement (In Class X Marketing in Business Communication Subjects at SMK Negeri 2 Padang). (2) There is a positive and significant effect of learning styles on student achievement. (3) There is a positive and significant effect of Home Study Facilities and Learning Styles on Student Achievement (In Class X Marketing Subjects at SMK Negeri 2 PadangKeywords : home study facilities, learning style, learning achievement