bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inactivation of Interleukin‐4 Receptor α Signaling in Myeloid Cells Protects Mice From Angiotensin II/High Salt–Induced Cardiovascular Dysfunction Through Suppression of Fibrotic Remodeling
Authors: Song Jianrui , Frieler Ryan A. , Vigil Thomas M. , Ma Jun , Brombacher Frank , Goonewardena Sascha N. , Goldstein Daniel R. , Mortensen Richard M. 
Published: June 2021

Background
Hypertension‐induced cardiovascular remodeling is characterized by chronic low‐grade inflammation. Interleukin‐4 receptor α (IL‐4Rα) signaling is importantly involved in cardiovascular remodeling, however, the target cell type(s) is unclear. Here, we investigated the role of myeloid‐specific IL‐4Rα signaling in cardiovascular remodeling induced by angiotensin II and high salt.

Methods and Results
Myeloid IL‐4Rα deficiency suppressed both the in vitro and in vivo expression of alternatively activated macrophage markers including Arg1 (arginase 1), Ym1 (chitinase 3‐like 3), and Relmα/Fizz1 (resistin‐like molecule α). After angiotensin II and high salt treatment, myeloid‐specific IL‐4Rα deficiency did not change hypertrophic remodeling within the heart and aorta. However, myeloid IL‐4Rα deficiency resulted in a substantial reduction in fibrosis through the suppression of profibrotic pathways and the enhancement of antifibrotic signaling. Decreased fibrosis was associated with significant preservation of myocardial function in MyIL4RαKO mice and was mediated by attenuated alternative macrophage activation.

Conclusions
Myeloid IL‐4Rα signaling is substantially involved in fibrotic cardiovascular remodeling by controlling alternative macrophage activation and regulating fibrosis‐related signaling. Inhibiting myeloid IL‐4Rα signaling may be a potential strategy to prevent hypertensive cardiovascular diseases.
Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Weber Brittany N. , Stevens Emma , Barrett Leanne , Bay Camden , Sinnette Corine , Brown Jenifer M. , Divakaran Sanjay , Bibbo Courtney , Hainer Jon , Dorbala Sharmila , Blankstein Ron , Liao Katherine , Massarotti Elena , Costenbader Karen , Di Carli Marcelo F. 
Published: June 2021

Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune inflammatory disorder associated with premature atherosclerosis and increased cardiovascular risk. Systemic inflammation is an emerging risk factor for coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). We aimed to test whether CMD, defined as abnormal myocardial flow reserve (MFR) by positron emission tomography‐computed tomography, would be independently associated with SLE after adjusting for nonobstructive atherosclerotic burden and common cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods and Results

Consecutive patients with SLE who underwent symptom‐prompted stress cardiac positron emission tomography‐computed tomography were included (n=42). Obstructive coronary artery disease and systolic dysfunction were excluded. MFR was quantified by positron emission tomography‐computed tomography, and CMD was defined as MFR <2. We frequency matched patients who did not have SLE and had symptom‐prompted positron emission tomography studies on age, sex, and key cardiovascular risk factors (n=69). The attenuation correction computed tomography scans were reviewed for qualitative assessment of coronary artery calcium. Patients with SLE had a more severe reduction in global MFR compared with controls and a higher prevalence of CMD, despite a similar degree of nonobstructive atherosclerotic burden (1.91±0.5 versus 2.4±0.7, respectively,
P
<0.0001; CMD, 57.1% versus 33.3%, respectively,
P
=0.017).

Conclusions
We demonstrated that patients with SLE with cardiac symptoms without obstructive coronary artery disease have a high prevalence of coronary vasomotor abnormalities. In comparison with symptomatic matched controls, patients with SLE have a more severe reduction in MFR that is not accounted for by common cardiovascular factors or atherosclerotic burden.
The Shift from a Traditional to an Improved Fish Smoking Oven in Ghana
Authors: Bomfeh Kennedy 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Smoked fish products are an important source of animal protein in Ghana. They are processed on traditional ovens (namely, the Chorkor smoker and the metal drum), which results in elevated product contamination with carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah s). The main regulatory marker for pah s is benzo(a)pyrene (BaP). An improved oven called the fao-Thiaroye Processing Technique (ftt) has been proposed as an intervention. This study evaluated the efficacy of that intervention and evaluated consumer response to its products. Sardinella sp. was smoked separately on the ftt and the traditional ovens and their BaP levels determined. Whereas the mean BaP in the ftt product was 0.2 µg/kg (ten times lower than the EU limit of 2 µg/kg), the levels in the Chorkor smoker and metal drum products were 60 µg/kg and 26 µg/kg, respectively (up to 30 times the EU limit). Consumer acceptance did not differ between ftt and traditional oven products. This suggests that ftt is an efficacious intervention whose products are acceptable to consumers.
Innovative Uses of Visual Technologies in Initial Teacher Education: Changing Policy to Support Practice during covid-19
Authors: Adams Megan , Brooks Tim , Fitzgerald Angela , George Sindu , Cooper Rebecca 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
In Australia, schools and faculties of education are mandated to abide by a policy requiring preservice teachers (pst s), to complete supervised professional placement (pe) in schools. The pe are drawn upon to meet the assessment criteria for degree completion. Two strategies are reported that supported individuals and education institutions to meet policy requirements while in lockdown. First, technology was used to overcome the challenge of providing pe for hundreds of pst s by supporting online learning experiences. In the second, visual technologies were used to support pst s to meet the needs of an assessment criterion. Findings indicate that innovative solutions to challenges with pe and related assessments at the university can be mobilized in a short time frame using visual technologies. Further findings indicate that, in unprecedented times, policies developed for use in different contexts can be met with innovative collaborative efforts with a focused goal that transcend seemingly insurmountable challenges.
Modulation of Atmospheric Rivers by Mesoscale Frontal Waves and Latent Heating: Comparison of Two U.S. West Coast Events
Authors: Michaelis Allison C. , Martin Andrew C. , Fish Meredith A. , Hecht Chad W. , Ralph F. Martin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA complex and underexplored relationship exists between atmospheric rivers (ARs) and mesoscale frontal waves (MFWs). The present study further explores and quantifies the importance of diabatic processes to MFW development and the AR–MFW interaction by simulating two ARs impacting Northern California’s flood-vulnerable Russian River watershed using the Model for Prediction Across Scales-Atmosphere (MPAS-A) with and without the effects of latent heating. Despite the storms’ contrasting characteristics, diabatic processes within the system were critical to the development of MFWs, the timing and magnitude of integrated vapor transport (IVT), and precipitation impacts over the Russian River watershed in both cases. Low-altitude circulations and lower-tropospheric moisture content in and around the MFWs are considerably reduced without latent heating, contributing to a decrease in moisture transport, moisture convergence, and IVT. Differences in IVT are not consistently dynamic (i.e., wind-driven) or thermodynamic (i.e., moisture-driven), but instead vary by case and by time throughout each event. For one event, AR conditions over the watershed persisted for 6 h less and the peak IVT occurred 6 h earlier and was reduced by ~17%; weaker orographic and dynamic precipitation forcings reduced precipitation totals by ~64%. Similarly, turning off latent heating shortened the second event by 24 h and reduced precipitation totals by ~49%; the maximum IVT over the watershed was weakened by ~42% and delayed by 18 h. Thus, sufficient representation of diabatic processes, and by inference, water vapor initial conditions, is critical for resolving MFWs, their feedbacks on AR evolution, and associated precipitation forecasts on watershed scales.
Compliance With Surgical Oncology Specialty Care at a Safety Net Facility
Authors: Silva Trevor , Kadakia Nikita , Aribo Chade , Gochi Andrea , Kim Gi Yoon , Solomon Naveen , Molkara Afshin , Molina David C. , Plasencia Alexis , Lum Sharon S. 
Published: June 2021

Background Social determinants of health challenge in at-risk patients seen in safety net facilities. Study design We performed a retrospective review of surgical oncology specialty clinic referrals at a safety net institution evaluating referral compliance and times to first appointment and initiation of definitive treatment. Main outcomes measured included completion of initial visit, initiation of definitive treatment, time from referral to first appointment, and time from first appointment to initiation of definitive treatment. Results Of 189 new referrals, English was not spoken by 52.4% and 69.4% were Hispanic. Patients presented without insurance in 39.2% of cases. Electronic patient portal was accessed by 31.6% of patients. Of all new referrals, 55.0% arrived for initial consultation and 53.4% initiated definitive treatment. Malignant diagnosis ( P < .0001) and lack of insurance ( P = .01) were associated with completing initial consultation. Initiation of definitive treatment was associated with not speaking English ( P = .03), malignant diagnosis ( P < .0001), and lack of insurance ( P = .03). Times to first appointment and initiation of definitive treatment were not significantly affected by race/ethnicity, language, insurance, treatment recommended, or electronic patient portal access. Conclusion Access to surgical oncology care for at-risk patients at a safety net facility is not adversely affected by lack of insurance, primary spoken language, or race/ethnicity. However, a significant proportion of all patients fail to complete the initial consultation and definitive treatment. Lessons learned from safety net facilities may help to inform disparities in health care found elsewhere.
Retention in Medical Care Among Insured Adolescents and Young Adults With Diagnosed HIV Infection, United States, 2010-2014
Authors: Tanner Mary R. , Bush Tim , Nesheim Steven R. , Weidle Paul J. , Byrd Kathy K. 
Published: June 2021

Objectives Retention in care is a critical component of effective HIV treatment, and adolescents and young adults are at higher risk of inadequate retention than older adults. The objective of our study was to examine the patterns of retention in care among adolescents and young adults with HIV infection by analyzing Medicaid and commercial health insurance claims data. Methods We evaluated retention in care for HIV-diagnosed adolescents and young adults aged 13-24 using the 2010-2014 MarketScan Medicaid and MarketScan Commercial Claims health insurance databases. The study period extended 36 months from the date of the first claim with a code for HIV or AIDS. We determined the unweighted proportion retained in care for the Medicaid and Commercial Claims cohorts for months 0-24 and 25-36. We assessed associations between demographic characteristics and retention in care using logistic regression. Results A total of 378 adolescents and young adults were in the Medicaid cohort and 1028 in the Commercial Claims cohort. In the Medicaid and Commercial Claims cohorts, respectively, 186 (49%) and 591 (57%) adolescents and young adults were retained in care during months 0-24. In the Medicaid cohort, 113 (73%) people retained in care and 69 (45%) people not retained in care during months 0-24 were retained in care during months 25-36. In the Commercial Claims cohort, 313 (77%) and 94 (31%) retained and not retained people, respectively, were found to be in care during months 25-36. Conclusions Notable proportions of HIV-diagnosed adolescents and young adults are not adequately retained in care; public health interventions tailored to this population are needed.
Clinical Factors Associated With the Outcomes of Long-Term Middle Ear Ventilation Tube Insertion in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Takai Shunsuke , Nomura Kazuhiro , Oda Kiyoshi , Ozawa Daiki , Irimada Mihoko , Ikeda Ryoukichi , Kakuta Risako , Katori Yukio , Ohyama Kenji 
Published: June 2021

Background: Ventilation tube (VT) insertion is the most common treatment for otitis media with effusion (OME). However, OME recurrence and persistent tympanic membrane (TM) perforation after VT removal are encountered in a certain percentage of such children. Methods: This study was performed to determine the outcomes of children who underwent long-term VT insertion. A total of 326 ears from 192 patients were analyzed. The associations among the patient age, sex, history of OME, history of repeated acute otitis media, placement duration, whether the VT had been removed intentionally or spontaneously, and the outcome (persistent TM perforation or OME recurrence) were analyzed. The outcomes of multiple VT tube insertions were also reviewed. We also analyzed whether or not local or general anesthesia was associated with the early spontaneous extrusion of the VT. Result: The OME recurrence and TM perforation rates were 29% (96/326 sides) and 17% (57/326 sides), respectively, for first insertions. In addition, 96 (29%) sides underwent ≥2 insertions. The shorter the duration for which the VT was retained in the middle ear, the more significant the rate of increase in OME recurrence. The OME recurrence was observed more often when VT was spontaneously removed than when intentionally removed. The rate of persistent TM perforation was significantly associated with male sex. Persistent TM perforation was not observed in patients who underwent 4 or 5 insertions. The anesthesia method did not significantly influence the timing of spontaneous extrusion of VT. Conclusion: The retention period of VT should be at least 2 years, and VT removal at the age of 7 might be a viable strategy. Multiple VT insertions are recommended for patients with recurrent OME. Ventilation tube under local anesthesia is an effective option for tolerable children.
CGRP-antibodies, topiramate and botulinum toxin type A in episodic and chronic migraine: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Frank Florian , Ulmer Hanno , Sidoroff Victoria , Broessner Gregor 
Published: June 2021

Background The approval of monoclonal antibodies for prevention of migraine has revolutionized treatment for patients. Oral preventatives are still considered first line treatments as head-to-head trials comparing them with antibodies are lacking. Methods The main purpose of this study was to provide a comparative overview of the efficacy of three commonly prescribed migraine preventative medication classes. For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched the databases CENTRAL, EMBASE, and MEDLINE until 20 March 2020. We included RCTs reporting the 50% response rates for topiramate, Botulinum Toxin Type A and monoclonal antibodies against CGRP(r). Studies were excluded if response rates were not reported, treatment allocation was unclear, or if study quality was insufficient. Primary outcome measure were the 50% response rates. The pooled odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated with the random effects model. The study was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42020222880). Findings We identified 6552 reports. Thirty-two were eligible for our review. Studies assessing monoclonal antibodies included 13,302 patients and yielded pooled odds ratios for the 50% response rate of 2.30 (CI: 2.11–2.50). Topiramate had an overall effect estimate of 2.70 (CI: 1.97–3.69) with 1989 included patients and Botulinum Toxin Type A achieved 1.28 (CI: 0.98–1. 67) with 2472 patients included. Interpretation Topiramate, botulinum toxin type A and monoclonal antibodies showed higher odds ratios in achieving a 50% response rate compared to placebo. Topiramate numerically demonstrated the greatest effect size but also the highest drop-out rate.
Level of Acculturation and Acculturative Stress Perceived by Asian Immigrant Women Married to South Korean Men
Authors: Kim Micah Angela , Ham Ok Kyung , Cho Insook , Lee Eun jin , Lee Bo Gyeong 
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Married immigrant women experience cultural conflicts due to different values, and customs. This study examined the factors associated with the acculturation and acculturative stress of Asian immigrant women in South Korea. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed. A total of 142 participants were recruited from Incheon Multicultural Centers in 2016 using a convenience sampling method. Acculturation and acculturative stress were measured by Suinn–Lew Self-Identity Acculturation Scale and Social Attitudinal Familial Environment. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis. Results: Time since immigration was negatively associated with the level of acculturation, while alcohol consumption ( p < .050). Some demographic variables (age, religion, anxiety, and time since immigration) were associated with acculturative stress ( p < .050). Discussion: These findings can help health care providers to increase their awareness and be more sensitive when providing services to these women.
Management of optic disc pit-associated maculopathy: A case series from a tertiary referral center
Authors: Muftuoglu Ilkay Kilic , Tokuc Ecem Onder , Karabas V Levent 
Published: June 2021

Purpose: To report outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with internal limiting membrane (ILM) stuffing technique in patients with optic disc pit associated maculopathy (ODP-M). Methods: Data including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), foveal center point thickness (FCP), and maximum height of fluid (max_fluid) (intraretinal or subretinal) were collected from the medical records of the patients. Results: Six eyes of six patients with a mean age of 28.0 ± 17.68 years (range: 9–53 year) underwent PPV + ILM plug surgery. The mean follow-up duration was 25.62 ± 26.11 months (range: 11.80–78.00 month) duration. The mean BCVA increased from 1.25 ± 1.04 logMAR (20/355, Snellen equivalent) to 0.86 ± 1.09 logMAR (20/144, Snellen equivalent) at last follow-up ( p = 0.043). Compared to baseline, CMT, FCP, and max_fluid significantly decreased at all visits after the surgery ( p < 0.05 for all visits). At last follow-up, 66.6% of the eyes (four eyes) showed complete resolution of fluid at a mean of 5.25 ± 4.99 months (range: 1–12 months) after the surgery. Conclusion: PPV with ILM plug seemed to be an effective surgical technique in ODP-M. Studies with longer follow-up and higher number of patients are needed to confirm our results.
Prevalence, co-occurrence, and trajectories of pain, fatigue, depression, and anxiety in the year following multiple sclerosis diagnosis
Authors: Valentine Thomas R , Alschuler Kevin N , Ehde Dawn M , Kratz Anna L 
Published: June 2021

Background: Pain, fatigue, depression, and anxiety are common in multiple sclerosis, but little is known about the presence, co-occurrence, and trajectories of these symptoms in the year after multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis. Objectives: To determine, during the postdiagnosis year: (1) rates of pain, fatigue, depression, and anxiety; (2) rates of symptom co-occurrence; and (3) stability/change in symptom severity. Methods: Newly diagnosed adults with MS/clinically isolated syndrome ( N = 230) completed self-report measures of pain, fatigue, depression, and anxiety at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after MS diagnosis. Clinical significance was defined based on standardized cutoffs. Descriptive statistics and Sankey diagrams characterized rates and trajectories. Results: Participants endorsed clinically significant symptoms at some point in the postdiagnosis year at rates of 50.9% for pain, 62.6% for fatigue, 47.4% for depression, and 38.7% for anxiety. A majority of patients exhibited co-occurring symptoms—21.3% with two, 19.1% with three, and 17.4% with four. The proportions of patients with clinically significant symptoms were generally stable over time; however, rates of symptom development/recovery revealed fluctuations at the individual level. Conclusions: Pain, fatigue, depression, and anxiety are prevalent in newly diagnosed MS. Prompt screening and evidence-based interventions are necessary if quality of life is to be optimized.
Responding to Career Development Uncertainties and Successfully Navigating Career Journeys
Authors: Hughes Claretha , Niu Yuanlu 
Published: June 2021

The Problem The COVID-19 pandemic has forced employees and organizational leaders to consider the reality of its impact on career goals. Individuals have been forced to reconsider or readjust their career goals as being achievable, deferred, or even eliminated. Organizational leaders or those in strategic positions have been forced to consider how individual career goals could impact the organization’s capacity to survive. The Solution Career development theories are useful for examining the role of human resource development professionals in helping employees achieve career goals as they attempt to adjust to the COVID-19 pandemic. Re-emphasizing career development as a core component of HRD highlights the significance of career development theories in adjusting to pandemics and crises that impact individual career goals and organizational strategic goals and opportunities. The Stakeholders HRD researchers, scholar/practitioners, professionals, and others who research and practice career development and use career development theory.
The Relationship Between a Lifetime History of Sexual Victimization and Perinatal Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lombardi Brooke N. , Jensen Todd M. , Parisi Anna B. , Jenkins Melissa , Bledsoe Sarah E. 
Published: June 2021

Background: The association between a lifetime history of sexual victimization and the well-being of women during the perinatal period has received increasing attention. However, research investigating this relationship has yet to be systematically reviewed or quantitatively synthesized. Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to calculate the pooled effect size estimate of the statistical association between a lifetime history of sexual victimization and perinatal depression (PND). Method: Four bibliographic databases were systematically searched, and reference harvesting was conducted to identify peer-reviewed articles that empirically examined associations between a lifetime history of sexual victimization and PND. A random effects model was used to ascertain an overall pooled effect size estimate in the form of an odds ratio and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Subgroup analyses were also conducted to assess whether particular study features and sample characteristic (e.g., race and ethnicity) influenced the magnitude of effect size estimates. Results: This review included 36 studies, with 45 effect size estimates available for meta-analysis. Women with a lifetime history of sexual victimization had 51% greater odds of experiencing PND relative to women with no history of sexual victimization ( OR = 1.51, 95% CI [1.35, 1.67]). Effect size estimates varied considerably according to the PND instrument used in each study and the racial/ethnic composition of each sample. Conclusion: Findings provide compelling evidence for an association between a lifetime history of sexual victimization and PND. Future research should focus on screening practices and interventions that identify and support survivors of sexual victimization perinatally.