bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the effects of an artificial intelligence system on endoscopy quality and preliminary testing of its performance in detecting early gastric cancer: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wu Lianlian , He Xinqi , Liu Mei , Xie Huaping , An Ping , Zhang Jun , Zhang Heng , Ai Yaowei , Tong Qiaoyun , Guo Mingwen , Huang Manling , Ge Cunjin , Yang Zhi , Yuan Jingping , Liu Jun , Zhou Wei , Jiang Xiaoda , Huang Xu , Mu Ganggang , Wan Xinyue , Li Yanxia , Wang Hongguang , Wang Yonggui , Zhang Hongfeng , Chen Di , Gong Dexin , Wang Jing , Huang Li , Li Jia , Yao Liwen , Zhu Yijie , Yu Honggang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a prerequisite for detecting upper gastrointestinal lesions especially early gastric cancer (EGC). An artificial intelligence system has been shown to monitor blind spots during EGD. In this study, we updated the system (ENDOANGEL), verified its effectiveness in improving endoscopy quality, and pretested its performance in detecting EGC in a multicenter randomized controlled trial.
Methods ENDOANGEL was developed using deep convolutional neural networks and deep reinforcement learning. Patients undergoing EGD in five hospitals were randomly assigned to the ENDOANGEL-assisted group or to a control group without use of ENDOANGEL. The primary outcome was the number of blind spots. Secondary outcomes included performance of ENDOANGEL in predicting EGC in a clinical setting.
Results 1050 patients were randomized, and 498 and 504 patients in the ENDOANGEL and control groups, respectively, were analyzed. Compared with the control group, the ENDOANGEL group had fewer blind spots (mean 5.38 [standard deviation (SD) 4.32] vs. 9.82 [SD 4.98]; P < 0.001) and longer inspection time (5.40 [SD 3.82] vs. 4.38 [SD 3.91] minutes; P < 0.001). In the ENDOANGEL group, 196 gastric lesions with pathological results were identified. ENDOANGEL correctly predicted all three EGCs (one mucosal carcinoma and two high grade neoplasias) and two advanced gastric cancers, with a per-lesion accuracy of 84.7 %, sensitivity of 100 %, and specificity of 84.3 % for detecting gastric cancer.
Conclusions In this multicenter study, ENDOANGEL was an effective and robust system to improve the quality of EGD and has the potential to detect EGC in real time.
Simple Synthesis of Substituted 3-Hydroxyfuran-2(5H)-ones
Authors: Lisovenko Natalya Yu. , Nasibullina Ekaterina R. , Kharitonova Svetlana S. , Myshkina Olga A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA convenient and facile approach to functionalized 4-substituted 3,5-dihydroxy-5-(trichloromethyl)furan-2(5H)-ones was developed. This method is based on regioselective synthesis of novel furan-2,3-diones containing the trichloromethyl group and subsequent hydrolysis. The structures of compounds were unambiguously confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
Impact of Computerized Prescription on Medication Errors and Workflow Efficiency in Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Quasi-Experimental Three-Phase Study
Authors: Daher Amirah , Badran Eman F. , Al-Lawama Manar , Al-Taee Anas , Makahleh Layla , Jabaiti Mohammad , Murtaji Amer , Bsou Abla , Salah Haneen , Tanash Asma , Al-Taee Majid 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Neonates are highly vulnerable to preventable medication errors due to their extensive exposure to medications in the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). These errors, which can be made by medical, nursing, or pharmacy personnel, are costly and can be life-threatening. This study aimed to investigate the newly developed computerized neonatal pharmaceutical health care system (NPHCS) in terms of its ability to (1) minimize neonatal medication prescription errors (NMPEs) and (2) improve workflow efficiency compared with the traditional manual prescribing approach.
Methods A computerized neonatal medication prescription system was designed, developed, and tested successfully through a pilot clinical trial for over 6 months in 100 neonates. A three phase quasi-experimental study was then conducted using standardized monitoring checklists for the assessment of NMPEs before and after utilization of the developed prescribing system.
Results The obtained result showed a high rate of NMPEs in both systems, especially for the antibiotic drug group. However, the use of newly developed NPHCS significantly improved workflow efficacy. The identified errors were significantly more common in the manual mode than in the computerized mode (158.8 vs. 55 per 100 medications). These errors were distributed among different categories, including the documentation of patient identity, birth weight, and gestational age, as well as statements of dose, unit, interval, and diagnosis. Analysis of variance across different categories showed a p-value of <0.05.
Conclusion The use of the computerized NPHCS improved patient safety in NICUs by decreasing NMPEs. It also significantly reduced the time required for dose calculation, prescription generation, and electronic documentation of medical records, compared with the traditional handwritten approach.
Who Wants to Farm? Answers Depend on How You Ask: A Case Study on Youth Aspirations in Kenya
Authors: LaRue Katie , Daum Thomas , Mausch Kai , Harris Dave 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWhile there is a consensus that rural poverty has to be reduced, there are two opposing views on the role that agriculture can play in this regard: a “farm-based” and an “off-farm led” development paradigm where the respective other sector is merely a complementary income source during a transition period. The latter paradigm is supported by studies finding that rural youth in sub-Saharan Africa are not particularly interested in agriculture. However, policy discourse on youth in agriculture often situates their aspirations as either full-time farming or non-farming, thus either supporting or opposing one or the other of the two paradigms, while neglecting the shades of grey between these two extremes. Using a mixed-methods approach—a household survey and a narrative-based tool called SenseMaker—to collect data from both adults and youth in 261 households in rural Kenya, this study suggests that this categorical understanding needs to be revisited to inform rural development strategies based on the actual aspirations of rural youth.
Correlation between the air stability of n-type thermoelectric properties and defects in single-walled carbon nanotubes with anionic surfactants
Authors: Chiba Tomoyuki , Seki Yuhei , Takashiri Masayuki 
Published: January 2021

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are promising thermoelectric materials for use as sustainable power sources for the Internet of Things technology due to their flexibility and excellent thermoelectric properties near 300 K. One of the most important challenges in the development of SWCNTs is achieving n-type thermoelectric properties with long air stability. Here, we investigated the correlation between the air stability of the n-type property and the defects of SWCNTs using two types of SWCNTs with different defect densities. SWCNT films with anionic surfactants were prepared using drop-casting, followed by heat treatment. Both types of SWCNT films exhibited approximately the same n-type Seebeck coefficient values at appropriate heat treatment temperatures. The SWCNT films with low defect density exhibited high electrical conductivity, but the n-type Seebeck coefficient was converted into a p-type one at 14 d. Conversely, the SWCNT films with high defect density exhibited low electrical conductivities but maintained the n-type Seebeck coefficient for 35 d. Therefore, the defect density of SWCNTs impacted the air-stability of the thermoelectric properties. This phenomenon possibly indicates that SWCNT films with high defect density were homogeneously coated with surfactants, thus preventing oxygen atoms from adhering to the film.
Laparoscopic multi-exposure speckle imaging for quantitative flow measurement
Authors: Wu Qiong , Liu Jialin , Xu Baoteng , Zhou Wei , Wang Chi , Yang Xibin , Xiong Daxi 
Published: January 2021

Multiple studies have demonstrated that laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) can be a valuable blood flow monitoring technique during laparoscopic operations. However, the quantitative accuracy of traditional single-exposure LSCI is limited. In this paper, an extension to LSCI called multi-exposure speckle imaging (MESI) can overcome this limitation and is evaluated in a commercially available laparoscopic setting. Our laparoscopic MESI system records multiple exposure times spanning 3 ms–20 ms. We demonstrate that the laparoscopic MESI estimates provide the sensitivity for sampling the flow magnitude in a phantom with different channel sizes. Conservation of flow analysis on the rabbit vascular branch is also used to validate the accuracy of flow estimates from MESI. Our results demonstrate that laparoscopic MESI can be performed with the ability of quantitative blood flow measurements and shows the potential to be clinically useful for monitoring blood flow.
Magnetic phases in superconducting, polycrystalline bulk FeSe samples
Authors: Nouailhetas Quentin , Koblischka-Veneva Anjela , Koblischka Michael R. , Naik S. Pavan Kumar , Schäfer Florian , Ogino H. , Motz Christian , Berger Kévin , Douine Bruno , Slimani Yassine , Hannachi Essia 
Published: January 2021

The FeSe compound is the simplest high-temperature superconductor (HTSc) possible, and relatively cheap, not containing any rare-earth material. Although the transition temperature, Tc, is just below 10 K, the upper critical fields are comparable with other HTSc. Preparing FeSe using solid-state sintering yields samples exhibiting strong ferromagnetic hysteresis loops (MHLs), and the superconducting contribution is only visible after subtracting MHLs from above Tc. Due to the complicated phase diagram, the samples are a mixture of several phases, the superconducting β-FeSe, and the non-superconducting δ-FeSe and γ-FeSe. Furthermore, antiferromagnetic Fe7Se8 and ferromagnetic α-Fe may be contained, depending directly on the Se loss during the sintering process. Here, we show MHLs measured up to ±7 T and determine the magnetic characteristics, together with the amount of superconductivity determined from M(T) measurements. We also performed a thorough analysis of the microstructures in order to establish a relation between microstructure and the resulting sample properties.
Unsupervised neural network models of the ventral visual stream
Authors: Zhuang Chengxu , Yan Siming , Nayebi Aran , Schrimpf Martin , Frank Michael C. , DiCarlo James J. , Yamins Daniel L. K. 
Published: January 2021

Significance
Primates show remarkable ability to recognize objects. This ability is achieved by their ventral visual stream, multiple hierarchically interconnected brain areas. The best quantitative models of these areas are deep neural networks trained with human annotations. However, they receive more annotations than infants, making them implausible models of the ventral stream development. Here, we report that recent progress in unsupervised learning has largely closed this gap. We find the networks learned with recent unsupervised methods achieve prediction accuracy in the ventral stream that equals or exceeds that of today’s best models. These results illustrate a use of unsupervised learning to model a brain system and present a strong candidate for a biologically plausible computational theory of sensory learning.
An unconventional role of an ASB family protein in NF-κB activation and inflammatory response during microbial infection and colitis
Authors: Hou Panpan , Jia Penghui , Yang Kongxiang , Li Zibo , Tian Tian , Lin Yuxin , Zeng Weijie , Xing Fan , Chen Yu , Li Chunmei , Liu Yingfang , Guo Deyin 
Published: January 2021

Significance
Regulation of inflammatory response is central to the outcome of microbial infection and inflammatory diseases. We demonstrated that ASB1, a member of the family of the ankyrin repeat and suppressor of cytokine signaling box (ASB) proteins, plays a previously unknown function in TAB2/TAK1-mediated inflammatory responses. ASB1 stabilizes TAB2 and consequently promotes the activation of downstream signaling pathways including NF-κB and MAPK pathways. The deficiency of ASB1 leads to less severe colitis and intestinal inflammation and protects mice from bacteria or lipopolysaccharide-induced septic shock. Such a finding has important implications in the understanding of inflammatory diseases and development of intervention measures related to ASB family proteins.
Garnet sand reveals rock recycling processes in the youngest exhumed high- and ultrahigh-pressure terrane on Earth
Authors: Baldwin Suzanne L. , Schönig Jan , Gonzalez Joseph P. , Davies Hugh , von Eynatten Hilmar 
Published: January 2021

Significance
On Earth, igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks are recycled from the surface to upper mantle depths and subsequently returned to the surface as a result of tectonic and sedimentary processes. Within active plate boundaries, the rock cycle involves lithospheric deformation to exhume rocks to the surface. We show that trapped inclusions in garnet sand from the actively exhuming high- and ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic terrane of eastern Papua New Guinea preserve a record of crustal subduction and rapid exhumation linking upper mantle and surface processes operative on short geologic timescales (<10 My). Detrital garnet geochemistry and their inclusion suites from both modern sediments and stratigraphic sections can be used to reveal rock recycling processes throughout Earth’s history.
Sculpting crystals one Burgers vector at a time: Toward colloidal lattice robot swarms
Authors: VanSaders Bryan , Glotzer Sharon C. 
Published: January 2021

SignificanceColloidal nanoparticles that exert local forces suggest a future class of swarm metamaterials. These swarms must coordinate their actions to accomplish useful tasks, such as changing the shape of the swarm or engulfing an object. We use computer simulation to show how the coordination of active colloidal nanoparticle swarms can be simplified by harnessing crystalline defects. We demonstrate that with only a single degree of freedom (the diameter of a small fraction of particles) repeatable shape changes can be achieved in a 2D collection of particles with crystalline ordering and isotropic attraction. This work also relates to macroscopic robotic swarms, illuminating a mechanism for emergent control.
Avian mud nest architecture by self-secreted saliva
Authors: Jung Yeonsu , Jung Sohyun , Lee Sang-im , Kim Wonjung , Kim Ho-Young 
Published: January 2021

Significance
We provide a biomechanical explanation of how swallows and phoebes can construct strong nests of incohesive mud granules using saliva as a paste. The analysis leads to a hypothesis for why only 57 small light-weighted bird species (of approximately 10,000 species worldwide) can build mud nests on walls by utilizing their saliva. Our comprehensive study, combining experiments on natural and artificial mud nests and mathematical models on granular cohesion, not only elucidates the physical mechanism of this extraordinary animal architecture, but also provides inspiration to three-dimensional printing technology based on environmentally benign granular materials.
Structure and activation mechanism of the yeast RNA Pol II CTD kinase CTDK-1 complex
Authors: Xie Yihu , Lord Christopher L. , Clarke Bradley P. , Ivey Austin L. , Hill Pate S. , McDonald W. Hayes , Wente Susan R. , Ren Yi 
Published: January 2021

Significance
Gene transcription from DNA to RNA by RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) is regulated by a group of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). In order to coordinate the molecular events during transcription, CDKs enzymatically modify Pol II. Here, we determined the crystal structure of an important CDK involved in Pol II regulation, the yeast C-terminal domain kinase-1 (CTDK-1) complex, to describe its architecture in atomic detail. Importantly, the CTDK-1 structure reveals a mechanism for activation of the enzyme. In addition, we show that CTDK-1 interacts with an RNA splicing factor, suggesting a connection between transcriptional regulation by CTDK-1 and subsequent mRNA processing. Together, our results provide insights into the function and regulatory mechanism of CDKs.
Understanding ‘clause’ as an emergent ‘unit’ in everyday conversation
Authors: Thompson Sandra A. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Linguists generally assume ‘clause’ to be a basic unit for the analysis of grammatical structure. Data from
natural conversations, however, suggests that ‘clause’ may not be grammaticized to the same extent across languages. Understanding
‘clause’ as a predicate (plus any arguments, inferred or expressed), we can show that participants do indeed organize their talk
around ‘clauses’. I argue that English-speaking participants in everyday interaction do indeed orient to clausal units as so
defined, by building their turns around predicates, and that these turns do key interactional work. The data further reveal that
these units must be understood as emergent structures, recurrent patterns in a given language that emerge from humans pursuing
their ordinary interactional business of communicating information, needs, identities, attitudes, and desires.
The predicate as a locus of grammar and interaction in colloquial Indonesian
Authors: Ewing Michael C. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Descriptions of Indonesian usually take the clause as the starting point for analysing grammatical structure and
rely on the notion of ellipsis to account for the way speakers actually use language in everyday conversational interaction. This
study challenges the status of “clause” by investigating the structures actually used by Indonesian speakers in informal
conversation and it demonstrates that the predicate, rather than the clause, plays a central role in the grammar of Indonesian
conversation. The preponderance of predicates in the data that do not have explicit arguments suggests that this format is best
viewed as the default. When a predicate is produced without overt arguments, reconstructing what arguments may have been elided is
often ambiguous or indeterminate and seems to be irrelevant to speakers. An examination of turn-taking, overlap and incrementing
in conversation also shows that predicates, rather than full clauses, are the grammatical format participants regularly orient
to.
Construction mining
Authors: Barteld Fabian , Ziem Alexander 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The German Constructicon Project (www.german-constructicon.de) aims at documenting grammatical constructions in contemporary standard German on the basis
of annotated corpus examples, including relations between constructions and between constructions and evoked semantic frames. So
far, the research focus has been mainly on the development and computational implementation of a constructicographic workflow
(including a parsing pipeline) that allows for addressing any kind of constructions on varying levels of schematicity,
idiomaticity, and abstractness. However, such an exemplar-driven procedure precludes us from systematically identifying
constructional candidates. In this article, we scrutinize ways to operationalize and implement data-mining procedures to
inductively identify construction candidates.
Let’s get into it
Authors: Fonteyn Lauren 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This squib briefly explores how contextualized embeddings – which are a type of compressed token-based semantic vectors –
can be used as semantic retrieval and annotation tools for corpus-based research into constructions. Focusing on embeddings created by the
Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformer model, also known as ‘BERT’, this squib demonstrates how contextualized embeddings
can help counter two types of retrieval inefficiency scenarios that may arise with purely form-based corpus queries. In the first scenario,
the formal query yields a large number of hits, which contain a reasonable number of relevant examples that can be labeled and used as input
for a sense disambiguation classifier. In the second scenario, the contextualized embeddings of exemplary tokens are used to retrieve more
relevant examples in a large, unlabeled dataset. As a case study, this squib focuses on the into-interest construction (e.g. I’m so
into you).
Maximizing the explanatory power of constructions in Cognitive Construction Grammar(s)
Authors: Gonzálvez-García Francisco 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This paper suggests two possible ways in which cognitively-oriented constructionist approaches (Cognitive Construction
Grammar, Radical Construction Grammar, and Embodied Construction Grammar) could enhance the explanatory power of constructions. First, the
anatomy of a construction should spell out how the morphosyntactic realizations of arguments are specifically mapped onto their inherent
semantico-pragmatic properties, while also including detailed information concerning illocutionary force, information structure, register,
politeness, etc. Second, it is argued that coercion should be best understood as a continuum allowing for varying degrees of
(in-)compatibility between the verb and the construction taken as a whole. Moreover, parameterization and linguistic cueing prove useful to
handle the dynamic interaction of the morphosyntactic, semantico-pragmatic, and discourse-functional hallmarks of constructions, including
those which invite metonymic inferencing.
The issue of specifying slots in argument structure constructions in terms of form and meaning
Authors: Herbst Thomas , Uhrig Peter 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn Construction Grammar theory, constructions are generally described as form-meaning pairings. It will be argued here that the formal specifications of some abstract constructions are so vague that the notion of form needs to be discussed rather critically. We aim to demonstrate how, in the English predicative and intransitive-motion constructions, the slots of more general constructions can be seen as being specified indirectly through sets of mini-constructions.
How to build a constructicon in five years
Authors: Janda Laura A. , Endresen Anna , Zhukova Valentina , Mordashova Daria , Rakhilina Ekaterina 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We provide a practical step-by-step methodology of how to build a full-scale constructicon resource for a natural
language, sharing our experience from the nearly completed project of the Russian Constructicon, an open-access searchable
database of over 2,200 Russian constructions (https://site.uit.no/russian-constructicon/). The constructions are organized in families, clusters, and networks based
on their semantic and syntactic properties, illustrated with corpus examples, and tagged for the CEFR level of language
proficiency. The resource is designed for both researchers and L2 learners of Russian and offers the largest electronic database
of constructions built for any language. We explain what makes the Russian Constructicon different from other constructicons,
report on the major stages of our work, and share the methods used to systematically expand the inventory of constructions. Our
objective is to encourage colleagues to build constructicon resources for additional natural languages, thus taking Construction
Grammar to a new quantitative and qualitative level, facilitating cross-linguistic comparison.