bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laser Refrigeration by an Ytterbium‐Doped NaYF4 Microspinner
Authors: Ortiz‐Rivero Elisa , Prorok Katarzyna , Martín Inocencio Rafael , Lisiecki Radosław , Haro‐González Patricia , Bednarkiewicz Artur , Jaque Daniel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThermal control of liquids with high (micrometric) spatial resolution is required for advanced research such as single molecule/cell studies (where temperature is a key factor) or for the development of advanced microfluidic devices (based on the creation of thermal gradients at the microscale). Local and remote heating of liquids is easily achieved by focusing a laser beam with wavelength adjusted to absorption bands of the liquid medium or of the embedded colloidal absorbers. The opposite effect, that is highly localized cooling, is much more difficult to achieve. It requires the use of a refrigerating micro‐/nanoparticle which should overcome the intrinsic liquid heating. Remote monitoring of such localized cooling, typically of a few degrees, is even more challenging. In this work, a solution to both problems is provided. Remote cooling in D2O is achieved via anti‐Stokes emission by using an optically driven ytterbium‐doped NaYF4 microparticle. Simultaneously, the magnitude of cooling is determined by mechanical thermometry based on the analysis of the spinning dynamics of the same NaYF4 microparticle. The angular deceleration of the NaYF4 particle, caused by the cooling‐induced increase of medium viscosity, reveals liquid refrigeration by over −6 K below ambient conditions.
In Situ Constructed Ionic‐Electronic Dual‐Conducting Scaffold with Reinforced Interface for High‐Performance Sodium Metal Anodes
Authors: Lin Kui , Xu Xiaofu , Qin Xianying , Wu Junxiong , Liu Qi , Tang Zhiyun , He Shun , Ye Yonghuang , Kang Feiyu , Li Baohua 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe formation of severe dendritic sodium (Na) microstructure reduces the reversibility of anode and further hinders its practical implementation. In this work, an ionic‐electronic dual‐conducting (IEDC) scaffold composed of Na3P and carbon nanotubes is in situ developed by a scalable strategy with subsequent alloying reaction, for realizing dendrite‐free Na deposition under high current density and large areal capacity. The in situ formed Na3P with high sodiophilicity not only sets up a hierarchically efficient ionic conducting network, but also participates in the construction of reinforced solid electrolyte interphase, while carbon nanotubes can assemble an electronic conducting framework. As a result, the multifunctional IEDC scaffold contributes to smooth Na plating and exceptionally reversible Na stripping. High average Coulombic efficiency of 99.8% after prolonged 1200 cycles at 3 mA cm−2 and small overpotential of 20 mV over 250 h (equals to 530 cycles) at high rate of 5 mA cm−2 are obtained. The high availability of Na in IEDC scaffold enables the impressive performance of full cell with limited Na, using Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) cathode at practical level. More importantly, the as‐developed anode‐free full cell with IEDC||NVP configuration delivers a high capacity retention with long lifetime, indicating its great potential for practical Na metal batteries.
Modeling and verifying NLSR protocol of NDN for CPS using UPPAAL
Authors: Fei Yuan , Zhu Huibiao , Yin Jiaqi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNamed Data Networking (NDN) is a new promising architecture of information‐centric networking, which supports multicast of data and adopts the publish/subscribe model in the network. The features of NDN, including name‐based data and in‐network caching, make it a promising Internet architecture for cyber‐physical systems (CPSs). Named‐Data Link State Routing (NLSR) protocol is the routing protocol for NDN, which is designed to disseminate link state advertisements (LSAs) to both build a network topology and distribute all the name prefixes to every node in the network. In this paper, we make the very first attempt to formally model and verify some fundamental properties of the NLSR protocol using model checker UPPAAL. We validate the NLSR protocol modeled into timed automata with simulator in UPPAAL. We verify our model with four fundamental properties (termination, reachability ofSync Interest, reachability ofSync Data, and digest synchronization). The first synchronization problem is found in a scenario with two nodes topology. We give the improved model that owns a valid result in digest synchronization verification. To capture more problems, we make the model to support the simulation of temporary network crash. The second synchronization problem is also exposed in two comparative scenarios. We also propose a mechanism implemented in our model, which has a valid result in digest synchronization verification. We hope that our study and preliminary results would help enhancing the adaptability and robustness of NLSR protocol.
A computational approach for progressive architecture shrinkage in action recognition
Authors: Tomei Matteo , Baraldi Lorenzo , Fiameni Giuseppe , Bronzin Simone , Cucchiara Rita 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEfficiency plays a key role in video understanding modeling, and developing more efficient spatiotemporal deep networks is a key ingredient for enabling their usage in production scenarios. In this work, we propose a methodology for reducing the computational complexity of a video understanding backbone while limiting the drop in accuracy caused by architectural changes. Our approach, named, Progressive Architecture Shrinkage, applies a sequence of reduction operators to the hyperparameters of a network to reduce its computational footprint. The choice of the sequence of operations is automatically optimized in a coordinate‐descent schema, and the approach transfers knowledge from both the initial network and previous stages of the shrinking process by employing a Knowledge Distillation and an adaptive fine‐tuning strategy. As each iteration of the shrinking algorithm requires to train a large‐scale video understanding network, we perform experiments on MARCONI 100—a supercomputer equipped with an IBM Power9 architecture and Volta NVIDIA GPUs. Experimental evaluations are conducted using two backbones and three different action recognition benchmarks. We show that, through our approach, high accuracy levels can be maintained while reducing the number of multiply–adds operations by four times with respect to the original architectures. Code will be made available.
Template Protection Based on Chaotic Map for Finger Vein Recognition
Authors: Shao Lei , Ren Hengyi , Sun Lijuan , Han Chong , Guo Jian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWhile the widespread application of biometric identification technology has provided convenient services, the security, and privacy of personal data have also attracted increasing attention. Because biometric traits are unique, once an attack occurs, the information stored in the system will be permanently leaked. Thus, ensuring the security of biometric templates is a major challenge. In order to solve this problem, we propose a finger vein template protection method based on chaotic map. First, we randomize and scramble the finger vein features after feature extraction, disturbing the location distribution of the pixels. Second, on the basis of the chaotic features of the finger veins, binary quantization is applied to further ensure the safety of the template. Finally, the compact and safe finger vein template is directly stored in the database. Finger vein matching is realized in the encryption domain, which changes the way that the traditional finger vein recognition system directly stores biometric templates. We conducted a series of detailed experiments on the public dataset. The experimental results show that our method can ensure the safety of finger vein templates while maintaining stable recognition performance. Moreover, the method has universality for different feature‐extraction methods and meets the requirements of good biometric template protection. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural features of histiocytic sarcoma in a chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera)
Authors: Enomoto Kaoru , Tsutsumitani Chihiro , Asakawa Midori Goto 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA 9‐year‐old intact female chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) was presented to a referring veterinarian due to small, multiple cervical nodules that had been rapidly increasing in size and number. Cytology of the nodules revealed sheets of pleomorphic round cells that were morphologically most compatible with histiocytic sarcoma. Histologically, the nodules were fairly demarcated, partially infiltrative, densely cellular neoplasm, and was composed of pleomorphic large round cells arranged in sheets. Special stains for bacteria (Gram stain and Ziehl–Neelsen stain) and fungi (periodic acid‐Schiff stain) were all negative. On immunohistochemistry, the neoplastic cells showed strong cytoplasmic positivity for Iba‐1 and CD204, but were negative for CD3 and CD20. Transmission electron microscopy failed to detect Birbeck's granules in the cytoplasm of the neoplastic histiocytes. The chinchilla received chemotherapy with lomustine but died spontaneously on day 62 despite treatment. Autopsy with histopathologic examination revealed disseminated histiocytic sarcoma involving the bone marrow, bronchial lymph nodes, nasal cavity, lung, heart, stomach, pancreas, pancreatic lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and kidney. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of disseminated histiocytic sarcoma in chinchillas.
Design of a 3.4‐MW wind turbine with integrated plasma actuator‐based load control
Authors: Chetan Mayank , Sakib M. Sadman , Griffith D. Todd , Gupta Abhineet , Rotea Mario A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHistorically, cost reduction in wind energy has been accomplished by increasing hub heights and rotor diameters to capture more energy per turbine. The growth in rotor and turbine costs with increasing turbine sizes is also driven by the additional structure that must be added to withstand unsteady aerodynamic loads caused by turbulence, gusts, wind shear, misaligned yaw, upwind wakes, and the tower shadow. In this paper, we present a holistic design solution to integrate active load control using a controllable Gurney flap based on plasma actuators. We illustrate the design solution for a land‐based 3.4‐MW wind turbine rotor. Comparisons to a baseline reference 3.4‐MW wind turbine show significant load reduction (15–18% DEL reduction for flap‐wise blade root moments), rotor mass reduction (5–8%), and LCOE reduction (1.16–3.11%). To achieve these results, a comprehensive sequential‐iterative design procedure is introduced to integrate the controllable Gurney flap into the turbine design and to drive the design solution toward the best LCOE reduction solution. Results are presented for mapping fatigue load reductions into cost reductions. In addition, an evaluation of active load control extended from Region‐III to also include Region‐II showed a further 34% reduction in DEL.
The nature of the interaction of RE(NO3)3 (yttrium subgroup) with HF or NH4F
Authors: Razumkova I. A. , Azarapin N. O. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe nature of the interaction of RE(NO3)3 of the yttrium subgroup with fluorinating agents (HF and NH4F) is considered. Depending on the pH of the solution as well as the fluorinating agent, it was found that compounds with the compositions of REF3 (using HF), (H3O)RE3F10 (NH4F, pH 0–2), NH4RE3F10 (NH4F, pH 3), and NH4RE2F7 (NH4F, pH 4) can be obtained by precipitation. The thermal stability of the obtained compounds and the morphology of the powder particles were established. All compounds obtained from the water environment contained adsorbed water, which was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and DSC/TG.
Sources of Inspiration of Nordic Procedural Law: Choices and Objectives of the Legal Reforms
Authors: Hjort Maria Astrup 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article is based on the following question: does Nordic procedural law exist? Procedural law is often regarded as a national matter, and, unlike in many other legal disciplines, there has not been any official Nordic legislative collaboration in this field. Whether one can refer to procedural law as Nordic or not also has an impact on our perception of procedural law as part of a Nordic community. One way of examining the ‘Nordic-ness’ of procedural law is to examine the sources of inspiration used when reforming procedural codes and acts. These sources are found in the preparatory works to the legislation. This article surveys the sources that have been used to reform the procedural codes and acts in the Nordic countries over the last three centuries and shows how the objects for the procedural reforms have an impact on the choice of sources of inspiration. The survey also shows that the object for the reforms changes over time, and this influences the choice of sources of inspiration. Further, the use of the sources found in the preparatory works is discussed, and this brings us back to the starting point—namely whether, based on the use of the sources of inspiration, the procedural law in the Nordic countries can be described as Nordic.
Europeanisation of Nordic Civil Procedure: Does the Map Match the Terrain?
Authors: Nylund Anna 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEU law has a tangible influence on the civil procedure law in the Nordic countries. This chapter explores how EU civil procedure law is practised and perceived in the Nordic countries. First, a brief account of the manifold levels and types of EU civil procedure law is given. The extent to which Nordic legal academics, judges and legal counsel make use of and discuss EU civil procedure law is analysed. A key question is whether lawyers appear to have a relatively superficial knowledge of EU law (i.e., they identify only central issues) or whether they have acquired profound skills (i.e., they are able to identify and address complex issues). Third, the transposition of EU hard law and case law into national civil procedure law in the Nordic countries is examined. The Nordic countries generally implement EU hard law diligently, at least formally. Nevertheless, it will be argued that the quality of implementation is sufficient and that case law-based rules are often inadequately transposed. Finally, the consequences of a superficial approach to EU civil procedure law in the Nordic countries are discussed.
School Development in South Carolina - Building Leadership Capacity for Evidence-Based School Development in South Carolina Schools
Authors: Moyi Peter , Hardie Suzy , Cunningham Kathleen M. W. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study presents two U.S. school development projects aimed at building leadership capacity for continuous school development that attempts to use “evidence-based” ideas from the standpoint of education values and understandings with a renewed sensitivity to culturally diverse students in South Carolina schools. The Lowcountry Educator Initiative (LEI) uses a professional development program designed for educators from various schools. School Improvement through Improvement Science (SITIS), stems from a larger university-school partnership initiative that includes other institutions around the United States. The two projects serve as compelling examples that push on the limited scope that federal and local policy requirements place on educational institutions to provide evidence of improvements that lead to educational success. This work offers qualitative evidence that honors, recognizes, and leverages the strengths of the participants’ contexts to facilitate improvement in practice. The projects implemented offer evidence for (1) providing leadership support for school improvement efforts, (2) the use of local context in improving practice, and (3) the valuing of various data to engage in locally-relevant and appropriate work. We recommend centering the local context and improvement science approaches in research design, research funding, and educator preparation.
On the large charge sector in the critical O(N) model at large N
Authors: Giombi Simone , Hyman Jonah 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We study operators in the rank-j totally symmetric representation of O(N) in the critical O(N) model in arbitrary dimension d, in the limit of large N and large charge j with j/N ≡ $$ \hat{j} $$

j
̂

fixed. The scaling dimensions of the operators in this limit may be obtained by a semiclassical saddle point calculation. Using the standard Hubbard-Stratonovich description of the critical O(N) model at large N, we solve the relevant saddle point equation and determine the scaling dimensions as a function of d and $$ \hat{j} $$

j
̂

, finding agreement with all existing results in various limits. In 4 < d < 6, we observe that the scaling dimension of the large charge operators becomes complex above a critical value of the ratio j/N, signaling an instability of the theory in that range of d. Finally, we also derive results for the correlation functions involving two “heavy” and one or two “light” operators. In particular, we determine the form of the “heavy-heavy-light” OPE coefficients as a function of the charges and d.
ODE/IQFT correspondence for the generalized affine $$ \mathfrak{sl} $$(2) Gaudin model
Authors: Kotousov Gleb A. , Lukyanov Sergei L. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
An integrable system is introduced, which is a generalization of the $$ \mathfrak{sl} $$
sl
(2) quantum affine Gaudin model. Among other things, the Hamiltonians are constructed and their spectrum is calculated using the ODE/IQFT approach. The model fits into the framework of Yang-Baxter integrability. This opens a way for the systematic quantization of a large class of integrable non-linear sigma models. There may also be some interest in terms of Condensed Matter applications, as the theory can be thought of as a multiparametric generalization of the Kondo model.
Double bundle ACL reconstruction leads to better restoration of knee laxity and subjective outcomes than single bundle ACL reconstruction
Authors: Seppänen Arttu , Suomalainen Piia , Huhtala Heini , Mäenpää Heikki , Kiekara Tommi , Järvelä Timo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this meta-analysis is to compare arthroscopic single bundle (SB) and double bundle (DB) anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions in the light of all available randomised controlled trials (RCTs). A meta-analysis of this well-researched topic was performed and subgroup analyses of the medial portal (MP) technique and the transtibial technique (TT) were added as a new idea. The hypothesis was that the DB technique is superior to the SB technique also in subgroup analyses of the MP and TT techniques.MethodsInstructions of the PRISMA checklist were followed. Systematic literature search from electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane library and Scopus was performed to find RCTs that compared the SB and DB techniques. Nine outcomes were used to compare these two techniques. Each study was assessed according to the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool and three subgroup analyses (minimum 2-years’ follow-up, TT technique and MP technique) were performed.ResultsA total of 40 studies were included in this meta-analysis. When analysing all the included studies, the DB technique was superior to the SB technique in KT-1000/2000 evaluation (p < 0.01), IKDC subjective evaluation (p < 0.05), Lysholm scores (p = 0.02), pivot shift (p < 0.01) and IKDC objective evaluation (p = 0.02). Similar results were also found in the subgroup analyses of minimum 2-years’ follow-up and the TT technique. However, there were no differences between the two techniques in a subgroup analysis of the MP technique.ConclusionGenerally, DB ACL reconstruction leads to better restoration of knee laxity and subjective outcomes than SB ACL reconstruction. The subgroup analysis of the MP technique revealed that surgeons can achieve equally as good results with both techniques when femoral tunnels are drilled through the medial portal.Level of evidenceII.
Gene activation via Cre/lox-mediated excision in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)
Authors: Zhang Zhifen , Guo Yinping , Marasigan Kathleen Monfero , Conner Joann A. , Ozias-Akins Peggy 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Key message
Expression of Cre recombinase by AtRps5apro or AtDD45pro enabled Cre/lox-mediated recombination at an early embryonic developmental stage upon crossing, activating transgenes in the hybrid cowpea and tobacco.

Abstract
Genetic engineering ideally results in precise spatiotemporal control of transgene expression. To activate transgenes exclusively in a hybrid upon fertilization, we evaluated a Cre/lox-mediated gene activation system with the Cre recombinase expressed by either AtRps5a or AtDD45 promoters that showed activity in egg cells and young embryos. In crosses between Cre recombinase lines and transgenic lines harboring a lox-excision reporter cassette with ZsGreen driven by the AtUbq3 promoter after Cre/lox-mediated recombination, we observed complete excision of the lox-flanked intervening DNA sequence between the AtUbq3pro and the ZsGreen coding sequence in F1 progeny upon genotyping but no ZsGreen expression in F1 seeds or seedlings. The incapability to observe ZsGreen fluorescence was attributed to the activity of the AtUbq3pro. Strong ZsGreen expression in F1 seeds was observed after recombination when ZsGreen was driven by the AtUbq10 promoter. Using the AtDD45pro to express Cre resulted in more variation in recombination frequencies between transgenic lines and crosses. Regardless of the promoter used to regulate Cre, mosaic F1 progeny were rare, suggesting gene activation at an early embryo-developmental stage. Observation of ZsGreen-expressing tobacco embryos at the globular stage from crosses with the AtRps5aproCre lines pollinated by the AtUbq3prolox line supported the early activation mode.