bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Retrospective Comparison of Aeroallergen Sensitization Among Different Allergic Diseases in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Yang Chao , Zeng Qingxiang , Lu Gen , Li Haipian , Liu Wenlong 
Published: December 2024

Objective: Numerous studies have reported on the types of aeroallergen sensitization in various pediatric allergic diseases, but limited data compared the types of aeroallergen sensitization across different pediatric allergic diseases. The aim of this study is to explore the nature and significance of aeroallergen sensitization in diverse pediatric allergic conditions.Methods: A comparative analysis was carried out on aeroallergen sensitization in children suffering from allergic diseases who visited the Otolaryngology, Respiratory, and Dermatology Departments between January 2019 and December 2023. The evaluation of the specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) response to various inhalant allergens was done using the ImmunoCAP 100 system.Results: Mites remain the main aeroallergen for skin and respiratory allergic diseases, especially respiratory diseases. Dog dander, grass pollen, and mold are more common in skin allergic diseases. The differences in dog dander and grass pollen among the three groups are more pronounced in children aged 1–6, while the differences in fungi are more pronounced in children aged 7 years and above. Seasonal changes have a greater impact on the sensitization rates of cockroaches, grass pollen, and molds.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the distribution and differences of allergen types among common pediatric allergic diseases, providing a theoretical basis for preventing the development of different allergic diseases and avoiding aeroallergens.
Vitamin C–Based Gingival Depigmentation Versus Surgical Depigmentation: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Haque Aehad Ul , Lal Nand , Kaushal Shalini , Rastogi Pavitra , Singhal Rameshwari 
Published: December 2024

Background: This study aimed at comparing gingival depigmentation by locally injected vitamin C with surgical depigmentation, in terms of effectiveness and patient acceptability.Methods: Forty‐two patients presenting with ethnicity‐related hyperpigmentation were randomly divided into two groups, Group I (n = 21) was treated with locally injected vitamin C and Group II (n = 21) was treated by surgical depigmentation. The outcome was assessed using Gingival Pigmentation Index (GPI) and Skin Hyperpigmentation Index (SHI).Results: Both the techniques were successful in treating gingival hyperpigmentation, but the patients who underwent vitamin C–based depigmentation showed significantly higher satisfaction with the treatment result, based on patient reported Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scoring.Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it was concluded that locally injected vitamin C and surgical depigmentation are comparable in their effectiveness for treating gingival hyperpigmentation.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: CTRI/2023/02/050127.
Choosing to Reform the Judiciary: Why Albania’s Political Actors Became Engaged in Anti-Corruption
Authors: Jusufi Islam 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
When and why would a government decide to tackle corruption? Several countries around the world have embarked on an effort to combat corruption. These fights are primarily the result of several domestic and international factors that have brought an understanding and urgency to prevail over corruption. The study of past cases has increased our knowledge about the need to fight corruption. However, a particular focus on reasons, motives and explanations of this fight, particularly within the judiciary, has been very limited. This article develops a framework of analysis to answer why the fight against corruption was undertaken by employing an inductive case study methodology. It draws upon the empirical work on developments in Albania, a country which has implemented stringent reforms in the last few years to rid the judiciary of corruption. By relying on evidence coming out of this particular reform process known as “Reforma në Drejtësi” (“Justice Reforms”), this article reconstructs the situations and circumstances that led to this reform. The study argues that this fight was driven by politicians and influenced by several national and international factors.
Bleeding Fingers and Failing Eyes: Occupational Health and the Manual Crafts of the Islamic Middle East
Authors: Milwright Marcus , Rhodes Graham 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The manual crafts practised in the Middle East present a range of potential health hazards. These issues have been highlighted in published scholarship on contemporary crafts across the Islamic world, but much less attention has been paid to historical material as a source on the impact of craft specialization on long-term health. This article concentrates on the evidence that can be extracted from late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century photographs from Greater Syria, supplementing this with observations drawn from primary written sources and extant objects in public and private collections.
Lahore Fort Archaeological Excavation Report: The Hammam of the Akbari Quadrangle
Authors: Pradines Stéphane , Almela Íñigo , Renel Hélène 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This report presents the archaeological excavations carried out in the fort of Lahore, Pakistan, just a few months before the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. The Lahore Fort archaeological field-training programme was organised by Aga Khan University, the Aga Khan Cultural Service Pakistan, the Walled City of Lahore Authority, and the Department of Pakistani Antiquities. The main structure excavated was a Mughal hammam built at the location of the first Mughal palace when the emperor Akbar rebuilt the old fort of the city (r. 1556–1605). Our excavations indicated that this hammam was built in the second part of the 16th century and that it can be attributed to Akbar.
L’apprendimento dell’arabo nel contesto universitario tra HLL s e FLL s: il caso UniStraSi
Authors: Abdelsayed Ibraam , Cosenza Luana , Nasimi Aisha 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In recent years, there has been a notable transformation in the profile of Arabic learners in university contexts in both Europe and the United States. This evolution has resulted in the emergence of a new category of learners, namely heritage language learners (HLL s). These students, who have an Arabic-speaking background, exhibit distinct motivations and needs compared to foreign language learners (FLL s) of Arabic. This study analyzes the motivations, linguistic competences, and perceptions of both groups at the University for Foreigners of Siena (UniStraSi), utilizing an ad hoc survey designed to address the specific characteristics of these two learner profiles. The findings underscore the necessity of integrating both Standard Arabic (AS) and dialectal Arabic (AD) into the curriculum, in order to accommodate the heterogeneous motivations, needs, and goals of both learner groups.
Religiosity and Noise Pollution by Pentecostal Churches in Nigeria
Authors: Uroko Favour C. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Although progress has been made in examining noise pollution in Nigeria, the aim of this study was to explore: 1) how Pentecostal churches contribute to environmental noise pollution in Nigeria; and 2) the adverse effects of this noise pollution on children and adults. This is a qualitative study using narrative method. Key informant interviews and relevant literature were used to collect the data, and it was analyzed using content analysis. Emerged themes included: (1) indoor services and outdoor services; (2) Pentecostal churches are located in illegal areas; (3) revival programs and night vigils; (4) irregular church programmes; (5) noise pollution on children; and (6) noise pollution on adults. Noise pollution by Pentecostal churches has had enormous negative impacts on Nigerians. Recommendations are discussed.
Z zagadnień diachronicznej gramatyki onomastycznej (na przykładzie toponimii nowotestamentowej)
Authors: Zarębski Rafał 
Published: December 2024

On the Issues of Polish Diachronic Onomastic Grammar (Based on the Example of New Testament Toponymy)
The aim of this article is to discuss the role of biblical toponyms in the context of onomastic grammar. The names under study were taken from Polish translations of the New Testament created at various stages of the history of the Polish language. They vary in terms of sources (Greek text vs Vulgate), confessional environment (Catholic vs Protestant) and translation method (literal vs free). Genetically foreign toponyms: (1) adapted to Polish grammar (as a result of syntactic requirements, through various ways of linguistic adaptation and due to formal similarity to Slavic lexemes, which allowed them to be incorporated into Polish inflection); (2) were resistant to the effect of Polish grammar (they modified and sustained the creation of new inflectional paradigms unknown to Old Polish or remained uninflected). The conclusion is that the form of biblical toponyms may have served to reflect local colour or functioned as a signal of code-switching.

Z zagadnień diachronicznej gramatyki onomastycznej(na przykładzie toponimii nowotestamentowej)
Celem artykułu jest omówienie roli toponimów biblijnych w kontekście gramatyki onomastycznej. Badane nazwy zostały zaczerpnięte z polskich przekładów Nowego Testamentu powstałych na różnych etapach dziejów polszczyzny. Są one zróżnicowane w zakresie: źródeł (tekst grecki vs. Wulgata), środowiska konfesyjnego (katolickie vs. protestanckie), metody przekładu (przekłady dosłowne vs. przekłady swobodne). Genetycznie obce toponimy: 1) dostosowywały się do polskiej gramatyki (w wyniku wymagań składniowych oraz dzięki różnym drogom adaptacji językowej i podobieństwu formalnemu do leksemów słowiańskich, co umożliwiało im włączanie się do polskiej fleksji); 2) były odporne na działanie polskiej gramatyki (modyfikowały i podtrzymywały tworzenie nowych nieznanych staropolszczyźnie paradygmatów fleksyjnych lub pozostawały nieodmienne). W konkluzji stwierdzono, że forma toponimów biblijnych mogła służyć oddaniu kolorytu lokalnego lub być sygnałem przełączania kodów.
Examining the earthquake-related experiences of people who experienced the earthquake in Turkey
Authors: Cemali Mustafa , Arslan Başak Çağla , Öztürk Demet , Sarı Mustafa , Alataş Duygu Mine , Cimilli Elif , Karaduman Aynur Ayşe 
Published: December 2024

Background: In the earthquake of magnitude 7.7 and 7.6 in Turkey on February 6, 2023, many buildings collapsed and many people suffered emotional and spiritual damage. It is important to understand the situations experienced by people who experienced the earthquake and to plan strategies according to these views in the future. Objectives: The aim of the study is to examine the preparations of people living in Hatay province before the earthquake, their experiences during the earthquake and their experiences after the earthquake in a qualitative design. Twenty-eight individuals (14 women and 14 men) between the ages of 18 and 65 years, who experienced the earthquake in Hatay, Turkey, participated in the study. Result: Participants were asked nine questions about before, during and after the earthquake using a semi-structured interview method. It was found that 32.1% of the participants made any preparations before the earthquake, all of them experienced the feeling of fear the most, 82.1% of them used prayer behavior instead of protective strategies during the earthquake, all of them were affected psychologically, socially, and economically, and 35.7% were physically affected. Conclusion: As a result of the analysis of participant opinions, it was seen that pre-earthquake preparation processes were insufficient, behaviors during the earthquake were not protective, and individuals and their environment were negatively affected after the earthquake.
Outcome of wage and self-employment intervention for persons with severe mental illness availing rural community-based rehabilitation project: Experience from South India
Authors: Sivakumar Thanapal , Reddy Shanivaram K , Jagannathan Aarti , Naveen Kumar Channaveerachari , Thirthalli Jagadisha , Bhat Shyam K 
Published: December 2024

Background: The World Health Organization advocates Community-Based Rehabilitation (CBR) for resource-constrained settings. There is a need for evidence-based models of employment for persons with severe mental illness (referred to as “patients”) from such settings. Aims: To facilitate and study the employment outcome of patients aged 18 to 50 y, availing a rural CBR project in South India. Methods: Of 98 consented patients, only three men chose wage employment, and eighty-nine chose self-employment. Patients seeking wage employment were offered training and job placement in the nearest metropolitan city. Ten patients were offered loans for self-employment as revolving funds without collateral through the family federation of persons with mental illness. The patients and families were followed up for 10 months after recruitment into intervention. The AIMS-SEEP tool assessed the impact on families that availed of loans. Results: All three men who chose wage employment in the city discontinued it. Two of ten families did not use it for the intended purpose, and one loan was written off. Seven families chose sheep rearing, and one bought a tailoring machine. Self-employment was a secondary source of income for families and was used for food, clothes, school expenses, health-related costs, household items, and debt repayment. The attendance at monthly meetings of the family federation has more than tripled since loans were issued. Families reported no adverse effects due to the intervention. Only three out of eight families had repaid the loan completely at the end of 10 months. Reasons cited for delay in loan repayment were hospital expenses for a sick family member and children’s school expenses. Conclusion: In impoverished rural areas, patients and their families prefer self-employment locally over shifting to the city for wage employment. Suggestions for implementing livelihood interventions in other resource-constrained settings are discussed. Families must own the initiative to ensure its sustainability.
Galangin Ameliorates Gamma Radiation-induced DNA Damage and Subsequent Chromosomal Aberrations in Human Blood Lymphocytes
Authors: Zhao Huiying , Xia Yongshou 
Published: December 2024

Background Natural compounds with radioprotective properties have gained attention due to their potential to reduce health risks associated with radiation exposure. Galangin (GA), a flavonoid recognized for its antioxidant activity, has been investigated for its capacity to alleviate oxidative stress. Purpose This study aimed to explore the radioprotective effects of GA against gamma radiation-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs), dicentric chromosomes (DCs), and cytokinesis-block micronuclei (CBMN) in human blood lymphocytes. Methods Human blood peripheral lymphocytes (HBPLs) were treated with varying concentrations of GA (1, 5, and 10 µM) for 24 h before being exposed to gamma radiation (3 Gy). Following radiation exposure, the cells were incubated for another 24 h to evaluate deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. Cytogenetic assays were performed to measure DC and CBMN frequencies, while DSBs were assessed using γ-H2AX analysis. Additionally, the phosphorylation of ATM (p-ATM) was analyzed through Western blotting, and DNA repair gene expression was examined using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array. Statistical methods were employed to analyze the data and determine the significance of GA’s protective effects. Results Gamma radiation exposure markedly increased the incidence of DCs and CBMN in HBPLs in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment with GA, however, significantly reduced these effects in a concentration-dependent fashion. GA also decreased radiation-induced DSBs, as demonstrated by reduced levels of γ-H2AX and p-ATM. Furthermore, GA-treated cells exhibited a downregulation of DNA repair-related gene expression compared to cells exposed solely to radiation. Among the tested concentrations, 10 µM GA provided the greatest protective effect. Discussion GA effectively mitigates gamma radiation-induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes by lowering the incidence of DSBs, DCs, and CBMN. The protective effects appear to be mediated through modulation of the DNA damage response and the reduction of oxidative stress. Conclusion This study highlights GA’s potential as a radioprotective agent and suggests its relevance in radiation therapy and preventive applications. Further research is warranted to fully elucidate its mechanisms and therapeutic potential.
Comparison and Estimation of Salivary sTREM-1 and IL-1β in Periodontitis and Diabetes Mellitus Patients before and after Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy using Hyaluronic Acid and Diode LASER: A Clinical Trial
Authors: MG Visha , Ravindran Deepak Moses , SK Balaji , Ashokkumar Lekha 
Published: December 2024

Background Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that activates the innate immune response. Activation of the TREM-1 signaling pathway promotes the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8). Hyaluronic acid (HA) can be used to treat periodontitis as an adjunct to mechanical debridement due to its healing properties. Purpose To evaluate and compare soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (sTREM-1) and IL-1β in periodontitis patients with and without diabetes mellitus before and after nonsurgical periodontal therapy using conventional root planing and adjuncts like HA (Gengigel®) and diode LASER (940 nm). Methods Chronic periodontitis patients were allocated to groups based on with and without diabetes mellitus (groups I and II), respectively. Assessment of periodontal parameters: periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index (PI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), and periodontal inflammatory surface area (PISA) index were done. About 5 mL of unstimulated whole saliva was collected from every patient at baseline and 1 month. Patients were subgrouped based on the treatment protocol (subgroup A: conventional scaling and root planing (SRP), subgroup B: SRP + HA (0.8% Gengigel®), and subgroup C: SRP + 940 nm diode LASER). The primary and secondary outcomes before and after therapy were determined. Results Intragroup comparison of group I showed the statistical significance of parameters in subgroups B and C. Intragroup comparison of group II in all three subgroups. Intergroup comparison of groups II and III showed the statistical significance of all periodontal parameters and salivary biomarker levels in A–C subgroups. Conclusion Therefore, within the study’s limitations, the use of adjuncts to nonsurgical periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis had an additional improvement in all clinical parameters and salivary biomarkers over conventional root planing.
Pharmacist interventions in optimising opioid medication therapy in pain management for palliative care patients: A systematic review
Authors: Shrestha Rajeev , Shrestha Sunil , Iqbal Ayesha , Gülpınar Gizem 
Published: December 2024

Background Opioid therapy is a critical component in managing pain in palliative care, where pharmacists’ specialised expertise is crucial in ensuring quality care for patients. This systematic review aims to document available evidence on pharmacist interventions and their impact on optimising opioid therapy for pain management in palliative care patients. Methods We searched Medline (OVID), Embase (OVID), APA PsycINFO and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) for relevant articles published from the beginning to 31st December, 2022. All original studies documenting pharmacists’ intervention and impact in optimising patients receiving opioid therapy for their pain management in palliative care settings were included in this review. Results The database and reference search yielded to a total of 7154 studies. Out of these, only 3 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in this study. These studies were conducted in Korea, Canada and United States. Pharmacists were involved in assessing pain, suggesting medication for pain and other symptom management, providing patient education, counselling and recommendation, assessing patient's medication effects such as adverse effects, drug interaction and duplication, and adjusting medication. Similarly, their involvement showed improvements in pain management, opioid usage and management strategies. Conclusion This systematic review highlights the important role of pharmacists in optimising opioid medication therapy for pain management in palliative care patients. Their contributions to palliative patient care improve pain outcomes and overall quality of life. Integrating pharmacists into palliative care teams can enhance pain management practices and provide better care for palliative patients. Further studies accompanying the robust methodologies and broader settings will validate the findings of this review.
A head-to-head comparison of the effects of aerobic versus resistance training on physical capacity and physical function in people with multiple sclerosis: Results from the MSBOOST trial
Authors: Taul-Madsen Laurits , Hvid Lars G , Riis Hjalte , Broløs Magnus K , Lundbye-Jensen Jesper , Dalgas Ulrik 
Published: December 2024

Background: Exercise is a safe and effective way to improve physical function in people with multiple sclerosis (PWMS). Objectives: This study aimed to perform a head-to-head study of the effects of aerobic and resistance training on physical capacity and physical function. Methods: A multicentre randomized controlled trial with 150 participants was conducted. Participants were randomized into 12 weeks of either aerobic training (AT; n = 62), resistance training (RT; n = 57), or usual care (UC; n = 31). The primary outcome was physical function (measured as a composite score of the 6-minute walk test and five-time sit-to-stand). Secondary outcomes were aerobic capacity (VO2peak), maximal muscle strength (MVC), and self-reported walking ability. Results: Participants had a mean age of 45.5 (8.8), an expanded disability status scale (EDSS) of 2.8 (1.5), and 75% were female. Physical function did not increase in AT versus UC 0.08 [−0.16; 0.33] (mean (95% CI)) nor in RT versus UC 0.09 [−0.15; 0.34].VO2peak increased in AT versus UC by 4.1 [2.0; 6.3] mL O2/min/kg and in AT versus RT by 2.7 [1.1; 4.3], but not in RT versus UC 1.4 [−0.6; 3.5]. MVC increased in RT versus UC by 0.25 [0.01; 0.48] Nm/kg, but not in RT versus AT 0.17 [−0.02; 0.36] or AT versus UC 0.08 [−0.16; 0.31]). Conclusion: AT and RT elicited improvements in physical capacity in PWMS. However, these improvements only moderately translated into improvements in physical function. Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04913012) https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04913012