bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Gender‐Affirming Voice and Communication Modification for Transgender Individuals
Authors: Chadwick Keith A. , Coleman Rachel , Andreadis Katerina , Pitti Mary , Rameau Anaïs 
Published: November 2021

ObjectivesTransgender individuals' voices are closely related to gender identity. A primary goal of gender‐affirming voice modification is to help individuals alter their voices to improve gender congruence; however, there is a paucity of research to support this approach. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of a 12‐week gender‐affirming voice and communication modification program.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsA retrospective consecutive case series of transgender women enrolled in a voice and communication modification program was performed. Demographics, Trans Woman Voice Questionnaire (TWVQ), fundamental frequency (F0), and frequency range were collected before and after the program. A Wilcoxon signed‐rank test assessed changes in outcomes. Spearman's rank‐order correlation coefficients quantified associations between self‐reported outcomes and acoustic measures.ResultsA total of 16 trans women individuals were enrolled. The mean age was 31.5 years. After program completion, TWVQ improved 20.4 points, F0 increased 26.5 Hz (spontaneous speech) and 25.7 Hz (reading), and the range increased 24.7 Hz (spontaneous speech) and 0.1 Hz (reading). None of the changes in acoustic measures significantly correlated with improvement in TWVQ scores in the cohort.ConclusionTrans women experience improvements in self‐reported outcomes and changes in acoustic measures after completing a gender‐affirming voice and communication modification program. Individuals may experience significant improvement in subjective outcomes despite small changes in acoustic measures and vice versa.Level of Evidence4 (case series) Laryngoscope, 132:1615–1621, 2022
Dose Dependent Effects of Fructose and Glucose on de novo Palmitate and Glycerol Synthesis in an Enterocyte Cell Model
Authors: Steenson Simon , Shojaee‐Moradie Fariba , Lovegrove Julie A. , Umpleby A. Margot , Jackson Kim G. , Fielding Barbara A. 
Published: November 2021

ScopeFructose exacerbates post‐prandial hypertriacylglycerolaemia; perhaps partly due to increased enterocyte de novo lipogenesis (DNL). It is unknown whether this is concentration‐dependent or if fructose has a greater effect on lipid synthesis than glucose. Dose‐dependent effects of fructose and glucose on DNL and de novo triacylglycerol (TAG)‐glycerol synthesis are investigated in a Caco‐2 cell model.Methods and ResultsCaco‐2 cells are treated for 96 h with 5, 25, or 50 mM fructose or glucose, or 12.5 mM fructose/12.5 mM glucose mix. DNL is measured following addition of [13C2]‐acetate to apical media. Separately, [13C6]‐fructose and [13C6]‐glucose are used to measure DNL and de novo TAG‐glycerol synthesis. DNL from [13C2]‐acetate is detected following all treatments, with greater amounts in intracellular than secreted (media) samples (all p < 0.05). DNL from [13C6]‐fructose and [13C6]‐glucose is also measurable. Intracellular synthesis is concentration‐dependent for both glucose (p = 0.003) and fructose (p = 0.034) tracers and is higher with 25 mM glucose than 25 mM fructose (p = 0.025). DNL from fructose and glucose is <1%, but up to 70% of de novo TAG‐glycerol is synthesized from glucose or fructose.ConclusionFructose is not a major source of DNL in Caco‐2 cells but contributes substantially to de novo TAG‐glycerol synthesis.
Study of osteogenic potential of electrospun PCL incorporated by dendrimerized superparamagnetic nanoparticles as a bone tissue engineering scaffold
Authors: Khalili Mahsa , Keshvari Hamid , Imani Rana , Sohi Alireza Naderi , Esmaeili Elaheh , Tajabadi Maryam 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNanotechnology plays a promising role in biomedical applications, particularly tissue engineering. Recently, the application of magnetic scaffolds and pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) exposure has been considered in bone tissue regeneration. In this study, 3rd generation dendrimer‐modified superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (G3‐SPIONs) are synthesized and characterized. Magnetic polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers are prepared by incorporating G3‐SPIONs within the electrospinning process, and physicochemical characteristics, as well as cytocompatibility and cell attachment, are assessed. Eventually, the osteogenic differentiation ability of adipocyte‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) cultured on the magnetic scaffold with and without PEMF exposure was investigated by measurement of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium content. The expression of specific bone markers was studied using the real‐time PCR method. According to the results, G3‐SPIONs with mean size and zeta potential of 17.95 ± 3.57 nm and 22.7 mV, respectively, shows high‐saturation magnetization (57.75 emu/g). Adding G3‐SPIONs to PCL significantly decreases nanofibers size to 495 ± 144 nm and improves cell attachment and growth. The ADMSCs cultured on the G3‐SPION‐PCL scaffold in the presence of osteogenic media (OM) and exposure to PEMF expressed the highest Osteocalcin and Runx2 and showed higher calcium content as well as ALP activity. It can be concluded that the synthesized G3‐SPION incorporated PCL nanofibers serve as a promising magnetic scaffold for bone regeneration. Also, utilizing the magnetic scaffold in the presence of OM and PEMF provides a synergistic effect toward osteogenic differentiation of ADMSCs.
Morbidity and health care use among siblings of children with cancer: A population‐based study
Authors: Desai Aditi , Sutradhar Rinku , Lau Cindy , Lee Douglas S. , Nathan Paul C. , Gupta Sumit 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer impacts the entire family unit. We sought to investigate its impact on the long‐term physical health outcomes of siblings of children with cancer.ProcedurePediatric cancer patients diagnosed in Ontario, Canada between 1988 and 2016 were linked to biological siblings. Sibling cases were matched to population controls based on sex, age, geographic location, and number of other children in the family. After individual linkage to health services data, we compared several outcomes between sibling cases and controls: (a) physical health conditions (such as diabetes, hypertension, and death); (b) acute health care use (hospitalization, low‐ and high‐acuity emergency department [ED] visits); and (c) preventive health care use (periodic health checkups, influenza vaccinations). Cox proportional hazards, recurrent event, or logistic regression models were used as appropriate.ResultsWe identified 8529 sibling cases and 30,364 matched controls (median age at index: 6 years, median age at last follow‐up 17 years). Compared to controls, siblings were at increased risk of hypertension (hazard ratio [HR] 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–2.9; p = .01), had higher rates of low‐ and high‐acuity ED visits (rate ratio 1.1; 95% CI 1.1–1.2; p < .001), and increased risk of hospitalization (HR 1.1; 95% CI 1.1–1.2; p < .001). Sibling cases were also more likely to receive preventive health care (p < .05).ConclusionIncreased risk of hypertension, high‐acuity ED visits, and hospitalizations suggest that siblings may experience poorer health compared to controls. Counseling families about this potential increased risk and long‐term follow‐up of siblings to monitor their physical health may be justified.
Alternative alkali fluoride post‐deposition treatment under elemental sulfur atmosphere for high‐efficiency Cu(In,Ga)Se2‐based solar cells
Authors: Tsoulka Polyxeni , Crossay Alexandre , Arzel Ludovic , Harel Sylvie , Barreau Nicolas 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUp to now, what we know about the impact of alkali post‐deposition treatment (PDT) on Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGSe) absorber thin films is largely based on treatments performed in selenium atmosphere and only few studies have addressed the critical role of the chalcogen atmosphere during the PDT. The present study deals with an innovative process of alkali fluoride PDT under elemental sulfur atmosphere on co‐evaporated Cu(In,Ga)Se2 absorbers. With the aim to understand the effects of different the incorporated alkali element incorporated during the PDT, we investigate four different PDTs: CsF, NaF/RbF, RbF, and In + RbF—all under sulfur atmosphere. The treated absorbers are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Our results show that for CIGSe compositions close to stoichiometry, forming a slightly Cu‐poor CIGSe at the surface during the PDT is beneficial. Cu(In,Ga)Se2/RbF(S) and Cu(In,Ga)Se2/In + RbF(S) exhibit the higher photoluminescence response probably due to decreased surface recombination. The quasi‐Fermi‐level splitting is in good agreement with the observed Voc difference between the treated and reference samples. The electronic properties of the Cu(In,Ga)Se2/In + RbF(S)‐based solar cells show a significantly improved performance with high Voc and FF.
A comparative study of Higgs boson production from vector-boson fusion
Authors: Buckley A. , Chen X. , Cruz-Martinez J. , Ferrario Ravasio S. , Gehrmann T. , Glover E. W. N. , Höche S. , Huss A. , Huston J. , Lindert J. M. , Plätzer S. , Schönherr M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The data taken in Run II at the Large Hadron Collider have started to probe Higgs boson production at high transverse momentum. Future data will provide a large sample of events with boosted Higgs boson topologies, allowing for a detailed understanding of electroweak Higgs boson plus two-jet production, and in particular the vector-boson fusion mode (VBF). We perform a detailed comparison of precision calculations for Higgs boson production in this channel, with particular emphasis on large Higgs boson transverse momenta, and on the jet radius dependence of the cross section. We study fixed-order predictions at next-to-leading order and next-to-next-to-leading order QCD, and compare the results to NLO plus parton shower (NLOPS) matched calculations. The impact of the NNLO corrections on the central predictions is mild, with inclusive scale uncertainties of the order of a few percent, which can increase with the imposition of kinematic cuts. We find good agreement between the fixed-order and matched calculations in non-Sudakov regions, and the various NLOPS predictions also agree well in the Sudakov regime. We analyze backgrounds to VBF Higgs boson production stemming from associated production, and from gluon-gluon fusion. At high Higgs boson transverse momenta, the ∆yjj and/or mjj cuts typically used to enhance the VBF signal over background lead to a reduced efficiency. We examine this effect as a function of the jet radius and using different definitions of the tagging jets. QCD radiative corrections increase for all Higgs production modes with increasing Higgs boson pT, but the proportionately larger increase in the gluon fusion channel results in a decrease of the gluon-gluon fusion background to electroweak Higgs plus two jet production upon requiring exclusive two-jet topologies. We study this effect in detail and contrast in particular a central jet veto with a global jet multiplicity requirement.
Instability of supersymmetric black holes via quantum phase transitions
Authors: Anabalón Andrés , Astefanesei Dumitru , Gallerati Antonio , Trigiante Mario 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper we prove that the four-dimensional hyperbolic supersymmetric black holes can be unstable in the canonical ensemble. To this end, we work with an infinite class of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 supergravity theories interpolating between all the single dilaton truncations of the SO(8) gauged $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 8 supergravity. Within these models, we study electrically charged solutions of two different kinds: supersymmetric hairy and extremal non-supersymmetric Reissner-Nordström black holes. We consider these solutions within the same canonical ensemble and show that, for suitable choices of the parameters defining the $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 model, the supersymmetric solution features a higher free energy than the non-supersymmetric one. In the absence of additional selection rules, this would imply an instability of the supersymmetric configuration, hinting towards a possible supersymmetry breaking mechanism.
Probing neutrino dipole portal at COHERENT experiment
Authors: Dasgupta Arnab , Kang Sin Kyu , Kim Jihn E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Motivated by the first observation of coherent-elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering at the COHERENT experiment, we confront the neutrino dipole portal giving rise to the transition of the standard model neutrinos to sterile neutrinos with the recently released CENNS 10 data from the liquid argon as well as the CsI data of the COHERENT experiment. Performing a statistical analysis of those data, we show how the transition magnetic moment can be constrained for the range of the sterile neutrino mass between 10 keV and 40 MeV.
Deriving “potential target values” of PCDD/F in animal feed: the role of livestock at the interface between feed and food chain
Authors: Abud Clariget Maria José , Kowalczyk Janine , Wobst Birgit 
Published: November 2021

AbstractLinking derivation of potential target values of PCDD/Fs in animal feed with risk assessment for consumer protection is a challenge when tolerable weekly intake (TWI) and transfer factors from feed to food are considered. Generally, maximum values for feed and food are set separately without considering the feed and the food producing animal as an important factor along the food chain from farm to fork. Levels of contaminants in feed can accumulate in animals and their products effect consumers at the end of the food chain. Hence, the process of setting legal maximum levels of contaminants should account for transfer from feed consumed by food producing animals into animal products for human consumption. Here, we calculated potential target values of PCDD/F in feed to ensure that animal products such as milk from dairy cows, eggs from laying hens and pork and pork products from fattening pigs are safe for human consumption. In our approach, we calculated potential target values of PCDD/Fs in animal feed using transfer factors for PCDD/F-TEQs from feed to milk fat, eggs fat, and fat in pork and pork products, taking into account the tolerable weekly intake derived by European Food Safety Authority. We assumed equal proportions of WHO-PCDD/F-TEQ and WHO-PCB-TEQ in feed. Potential target values of PCDD/F in feed are expressed as the quantity of toxicologically evaluated PCDD/Fs, expressed in WHO toxic equivalents (WHO2005-PCDD/F-TEQ) per kg feed with 12% moisture. In the current approach, derived values would be 10–54 times lower than the current legal maximum level of 0.75 ng WHO2005-PCDD/F-TEQ per kg feed (12% moisture), according to Directive 2002/32/EC as amended.
Endoscopic vacuum therapy in salvage and standalone treatment of gastric leaks after bariatric surgery
Authors: Markus Ahrens , Henrik Beckmann Jan , Benedikt Reichert , Alexander Hendricks , Thomas Becker , Clemens Schafmayer , Jan-Hendrik Egberts 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Gastric leaks constitute some of the most severe complications after obesity surgery. Resulting peritonitis can lead to inflammatory changes of the stomach wall and might necessitate drainage. The inflammatory changes make gastric leak treatment difficult. A common endoscopic approach of using stents causes the problem of inadequate leak sealing and the need for an external drainage. Based on promising results using endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) for esophageal leaks, we implemented this concept for gastric leak treatment after bariatric surgery (Ahrens et al., Endoscopy 42(9):693–698, 2010; Schniewind et al., Surg Endosc 27(10):3883–3890, 2013).

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data of 31 gastric leaks after bariatric surgery. For leak therapy management, we used revisional laparoscopy with suturing and drainage. EVT was added for persistent leaks in sixteen cases and was used in four cases as standalone therapy.

Results
Twenty-one gastric leaks occurred in 521 sleeve gastrectomies (leakage rate 4.0%), 9 in 441 Roux-en-Y gastric bypasses (leakage rate 2.3%), and 1 in 12 mini-bypasses. Eleven of these gastric leaks were detected within 2 days after bariatric surgery and successfully treated by revision surgery. Sixteen gastric leaks, re-operated later than 2 days, remained after revision surgery, and EVT was added. Without revision surgery, we performed EVT as standalone therapy in 4 patients with late gastric leaks. The EVT healing rate was 90% (18 of 20). In 2 patients with a late gastric leak in sleeve gastrectomy, neither revisional surgery, EVT, nor stent therapy was successful. EVT patients showed no complications related to EVT during follow-up.

Conclusion
EVT is highly beneficial in cases of gastric leaks in obesity surgery where local peritonitis is present. Revisional surgery was unsuccessful later than 2 days after primary surgery (16 of 16 cases). EVT shows a similar healing rate to stent therapy (80–100%) but a shorter duration of treatment. The advantages of EVT are endoscopic access, internal drainage, rapid granulation, and direct therapy control. In compartmentalized gastric leaks, EVT was successful as a standalone therapy without external drainage.
Sepsis in der prähospitalen Notfallmedizin
Authors: Obermaier Manuel , Weigand Markus A. , Popp Erik , Uhle Florian 
Published: November 2021

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Sepsis ist eine notfallmedizinische Herausforderung – denn diese lebensbedrohliche Organdysfunktion, verursacht durch eine dysregulierte Wirtsantwort auf eine Infektion, präsentiert sich in vielfältiger Ausprägung und wird deshalb häufig erst zu spät erkannt.

Fragestellung
Die kürzlich publizierten „surviving sepsis campaign“-Guidelines und die deutsche S3-Leitlinie geben Empfehlungen zur Diagnostik und Therapie der Sepsis im intrahospitalen bzw. intensivmedizinischen Setting, gehen jedoch nicht explizit auf den Bereich der prähospitalen Notfallmedizin ein. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, die Evidenzlage im Hinblick auf die prähospitale Versorgung von Patienten mit Verdacht auf Sepsis herauszuarbeiten und daraus Handlungsoptionen für den Notarzt- und Rettungsdienst abzuleiten.

Diskussion
Die Therapie der Sepsis und des septischen Schocks wird in Bündeln zusammengefasst, wobei das erste idealerweise innerhalb der ersten Stunde abgeschlossen sein soll – analog zum Konzept der „golden hour“ bei anderen notfallmedizinischen Entitäten wie der Traumaversorgung. Die prähospitale Therapie fokussiert sich auf die Sicherung der Vitalparameter gemäß ABCDE-Schema, wobei insbesondere der Volumentherapie ein hoher Stellenwert zukommt. Die weiteren Maßnahmen des „1 h bundle“, wie Laktatmessung, Gewinnung mikrobiologischer Proben und Beginn einer antiinfektiven Therapie, sind regelhaft erst in der Klinik möglich. Ziel ist eine schnellstmögliche Fokussanierung, wofür die Auswahl und Vorabinformation einer geeigneten Zielklinik zur Initiierung und Bahnung der weiteren klinischen Diagnostik- und Behandlungspfade, eine strukturierte und gezielte Übergabe sowie regelmäßige Fortbildung erforderlich sind.
The relationship between net GHG emissions and radiative forcing with an application to Article 4.1 of the Paris Agreement
Authors: Wigley Tom M. L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper provides an assessment of Article 4.1 of the Paris Agreement on climate; the main goal of which is to provide guidance on how “to achieve the long-term temperature goal set out in Article 2”. Paraphrasing, Article 4.1 says that, to achieve this end, we should decrease greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions so that net anthropogenic GHG emissions fall to zero in the second half of this century. To aggregate net GHG emissions, 100-year global warming potentials (GWP-100) are commonly used to convert non-CO2 emissions to equivalent CO2 emissions. The GWP-scaling method is tested using methane as an example. The temperature projections using GWP-100 scaling are shown to be seriously in error. This throws doubt on the use of GWP-100 scaling to estimate net GHG emissions. An alternative method to determine the net-zero point for GHG emissions based on radiative forcing is derived, where the net-zero point is identified with the maximum of GHG forcing. This shows that, to meet the Article 2 warming goal, the net-zero point for GHG emissions needs to be reached as early as 2036, much sooner than in the Article 4.1 window. Other scientific problems in Article 4.1 that further undermine its purpose to guide efforts to achieve the Article 2 temperature targets are discussed.
Maternal attachment representation, the risk of increased depressive symptoms and the influence on children’s mental health during the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic
Authors: Köhler-Dauner Franziska , Buchheim Anna , Hildebrand Katherina , Mayer Inka , Clemens Vera , Ziegenhain Ute , Fegert Jörg M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe social distancing measures and the related closure of education institutions have confronted young families, in particular, with various challenges. Additional risk factors such as an insecure or even unresolved maternal attachment representation may affect mental health of mothers and their children in times of increased stress such as during the ongoing pandemic. We aimed to analyze the interplay between maternal attachment representation and mother’s and children’s mental health before and during the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic. 91 mothers completed a “SARS-CoV-2 pandemic survey” examining the pandemic-related stress of their families including their own depressive symptomology and their children’s mental health. Our mediation analysis demonstrates that the mothers’ depressive symptomology significantly and fully mediated the relationship between maternal attachment representations and children’s mental health during the pandemic. In contrast, the indirect effect of the maternal attachment representation on children’s mental health before the pandemic through the depressive symptoms experienced by the mothers before the pandemic did not reach significance alongside the total and direct effect. The quality of the maternal attachment representation, promoted by childhood maltreatment, seems to be one relevant risk factor for the mothers’ and children’s mental health during a stressful time like a pandemic. The risk for mothers to develop depressive symptoms in times of a pandemic is significantly influenced by their current representation of previous attachment experiences. In addition, the mental well-being of mothers showed a considerable influence on the children’s mental health during a pandemic. The results underline the necessity to consider unique needs of family members and to offer specific support in the current crisis focusing on attachment issues.