bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public awareness about coronavirus vaccine, vaccine acceptance, and hesitancy
Authors: Elgendy Marwa O. , Abdelrahim Mohamed E. A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMeasurement of the population's general knowledge of the coronavirus vaccine is very important to improve public acceptance and decrease vaccine hesitancy in confronting the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of the participants towards the coronavirus vaccine. Data were collected using an online survey, in the form of a structured questionnaire, conducted during April–May 2021 in Egypt, and subjects from all over Egypt participated. The questionnaire was divided into three parts to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding coronavirus. The first part was to assess participants’ experience about coronavirus infection (eight items), the second was to assess the health beliefs about coronavirus and vaccine (16 items) and the third was to assess general knowledge, attitude, and practices of the participants towards vaccine (28 items). A total of 871 (465 females) participants participated, 81% of them were still committed to the precautionary measures for protection. Eighty‐eight percent of them accepted to take the vaccine. Eighty‐three percent of the participants answered that they will encourage family, friends, and colleagues to get the vaccine. Ninety‐four percent knew that the coronavirus vaccine provides immunity against infection for a period of 6–12 months. 91.9% believed that the current infection with coronavirus is one of the main contraindications to vaccination. Eighty‐nine percent believed that both pregnant women and chronic disease patients can get vaccinated and also that there is no specific age for a specific type of vaccination. Ninety‐four percent of them knew that subjects taking immunosuppressive drugs should be prescribed Sinopharm, not AstraZeneca vaccine. The median score of this survey was 20/22 regarding knowledge about the coronavirus vaccine. Overall, the study participants had good knowledge about the coronavirus vaccine and accepted to take the vaccine, which indicates the highly commendable efforts to confront the coronavirus.
Rapid immunoassay and clinical evaluation of the SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody assay on the real express‐6 analyzer
Authors: Zhang Shun , Ning Yingjun , Rong Yejing , Nie Yaxing , Xiong Zi , Li Rui , Jin Tong , Cai Ting 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe developed a rapid and simple magnetic chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay on the Real Express‐6 analyzer, which could simultaneously detect immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M antibodies against SARS‐CoV‐2 virus in human blood within 18 min, and which could be used to detect clinical studies to verify its clinical efficacy. We selected blood samples from 185 COVID‐19 patients confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and 271 negative patients to determine the clinical detection sensitivity, specificity, stability, and precision of this method. Meanwhile, we also surveyed the dynamic variance of viral antibodies during SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. This rapid immunoassay test has huge potential benefits for rapid screening of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and may help clinical drug and vaccine development.
Contribution of HCN1 variant to sinus bradycardia: A case report
Authors: Yu Hangang , Gall Bryan , Newman Mackenzie , Hathaway Quincy , Brundage Kathleen , Ammer Amanda , Mathers Peter , Siderovski David , Hull Robert W. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundMissense mutations in the hyperpolarization‐activated cyclic nucleotide‐modulated (HCN) channel 4 (HCN4) are one of the genetic causes of cardiac sinus bradycardia.ObjectiveTo investigate possible HCN4 channel mutation in a young patient with profound sinus bradycardia.MethodsDirect sequencing of HCN4 and whole‐exome sequencing were performed on DNA samples from the indexed patient (P), the patient's son (PS), and a family unrelated healthy long‐distance running volunteer (V). Resting heart rate was 31 bpm for P, 67 bpm for PS, and 50 bpm for V. Immunoblots, flow cytometry, and immunocytofluorescence confocal imaging were used to study cellular distribution of channel variants. Patch‐clamp electrophysiology was used to investigate the properties of mutant HCN1 channels.ResultsIn P no missense mutations were found in the HCN4 gene; instead, we found two heterozygous variants in the HCN1 gene: deletion of an N‐terminal glycine triplet (72GGG74, “N‐del”) and a novel missense variant, P851A, in the C‐terminal region. N‐del variant was found before and shared by PS. These two variations were not found in V. Compared to wild type, N‐del and P851A reduced cell surface expression and negatively shifted voltage‐activation with slower activation kinetics.ConclusionDecreased channel activity HCN1 mutant channel makes it unable to contribute to early depolarization of sinus node action potential, thus likely a main cause of the profound sinus bradycardia in this patient.
Confocal Raman spectroscopic study of melt inclusions in olivine of mantle xenoliths from the Bultfontein kimberlite pipe (Kimberley cluster, South Africa): Evidence for alkali‐rich carbonate melt in the mantle beneath Kaapvaal Craton
Authors: Sharygin Igor S. , Golovin Alexander V. , Tarasov Alexey A. , Dymshits Anna M. , Kovaleva Elizaveta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIdentifying the composition of primary/primitive mantle melts is crucial for understanding the mantle's evolution and mantle‐derived magmatism. Melt inclusions in mantle xenoliths provide key information about such melts. This study used confocal Raman spectroscopy to characterize mineral assemblage of unexposed crystallized secondary melt inclusions in the olivine from the xenoliths of the sheared garnet peridotites from the Bultfontein kimberlite pipe (Kimberley cluster, Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa). The studied peridotites originated from 112‐ to 146‐km mantle depths. In total, 16 minerals were identified among daughter crysatls, which include carbonates (calcite, magnesite, dolomite), alkali carbonates (eitelite, nyerereite, gregoryite/natrite, K–Na–Ca–carbonate (K,Na)2Ca(CO3)2 (K analogue of nyerereite), alkali carbonates with additional anions (northupite, bradleyite, burkeite), alkali sulfates (glauberite, thenardite, aphthitalite), apatite, tetraferriphlogopite, and magnetite. Several more daughter minerals gave distinct Raman spectra, but they were not determined due to the lack of similar spectra in the databases. Carbonates are predominant among the daughter minerals in the melt inclusions. Many daughter minerals are rich in alkalis. These facts indicate that melt(s), parental for the inclusions, is alkali‐rich carbonate in composition. Two possible models were suggested for the origin of these melt inclusions: (1) in situ fracturing of olivine and the mantle melt infiltration shortly before the sheared peridotites were entrained by the ascending kimberlitic magma; (2) infiltration of the transporting kimberlite melt into xenoliths during ascent. Both models imply that the alkali‐rich carbonate melt(s) that interacted with peridotites originated at a greater depth than the entrapment level of studied xenoliths (>150 km), that is, at the base of the lithosphere or in the asthenosphere. This melt is genetically related to the kimberlite magmatism that formed the Bultfontein pipe and points at the alkali‐rich carbonate composition of primary kimberlite melt.
Structural studies of ligand stabilized Ni/Ga clusters by means of vibrational spectroscopy and theoretical calculations
Authors: Mink János , Staiger Lena , Muhr Maximilian , Gemel Christian , Drees Markus , Hajba László , Mihály Judith , Németh Csaba , Lokshin Boris V. , Hemmer Karina , Schütz Max , Cokoja Mirza , Fischer Roland A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn order to explain the different catalytic activity in hydrogenation of two new intermetallic Ni/Ga clusters, [Ga7](NiCp*)6 (1A) and [NiGa6](NiCp*)6 (1B) (Cp* = C5Me5), investigations of structure–function relationship have been performed based on Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopy and theoretical (density functional theory [DFT] and normal coordinate) calculations. Full interpretation of the Raman, far‐IR, and mid‐IR spectra of these dark colored solids has been proposed. Based on the overview of metal–Cp* complexes, all the 14 characteristic Cp*− skeletal fundamental modes have been identified. By comparison of the NiCp* stretching and tilting external modes (350–380 cm−1), their force constants, and bond lengths, cluster 1B exhibited slightly stronger metal–ligand bonding. Vibrations of Ga7 and NiGa6 cluster cores showed that the stretching wavenumbers and force constants of NiGa (100–350 cm−1) and GaGa (60–250 cm−1) bonds are higher for cluster 1B, in agreement with the shorter averaged experimental and calculated bond lengths of GaGa bonds (2.873 and 2823 Å for clusters 1A and 1B, respectively). Cluster hydrogenation experiments with H2 and D2 showed strong NiH and ND stretching features (at 1750 and 1260 cm−1, respectively), and at the same time, characteristic bands of self‐hydrogenated Cp*H and remained nondegraded clusters have been detected. The extent of HD exchange in cluster deuteration was obtained about 1.5 times more effective with cluster 1B than cluster 1A. The stronger hydrogen or deuterium uptake by cluster 1B and the more intensive self‐hydrogenation of Cp* clearly support the higher hydrogenation activity of cluster 1B compared with that of 1A.
A multi‐institutional validation study of prognostic nomograms for retroperitoneal sarcoma
Authors: Squires Malcolm H. , Ethun Cecilia G. , Donahue Erin E. , Benbow Jennifer H. , Anderson Colin J. , Jagosky Megan H. , Salo Jonathan C. , Hill Joshua S. , Ahrens William , Prabhu Roshan S. , Livingston Michael B. , Gower Nicole L. , Needham Mckenzie , Trufan Sally J. , Fields Ryan C. , Krasnick Bradley A. , Bedi Meena , Abbott Daniel E. , Schwartz Patrick , Votanopoulos Konstantinos , Chouliaras Konstantinos , Grignol Valerie , Roggin Kevin K. , Tseng Jennifer , Poultsides George , Tran Thuy B. , Cardona Kenneth , Howard J. Harrison 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPrognostic nomograms for patients undergoing resection of retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) include the Sarculator and Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) sarcoma nomograms. We sought to validate the Sarculator and MSK nomograms within a large, modern multi‐institutional cohort of patients with primary RPS undergoing resection.MethodsPatients who underwent resection of primary RPS between 2000 and 2017 across nine high‐volume US institutions were identified. Predicted 7‐year disease‐free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) and 4‐, 8‐, and 12‐year disease‐specific survival (DSS) were calculated from the Sarculator and MSK nomograms, respectively. Nomogram‐predicted survival probabilities were stratified in quintiles and compared in calibration plots to observed survival outcomes assessed by Kaplan–Meier estimates. Discriminative ability of nomograms was quantified by Harrell's concordance index (C‐index).ResultsFive hundred and two patients underwent resection of primary RPS. Histologies included leiomyosarcoma (30%), dedifferentiated liposarcoma (23%), and well‐differentiated liposarcoma (15%). Median tumor size was 14.0 cm (interquartile range [IQR], 8.5–21.0 cm). Tumor grade distribution was: Grade 1 (27%), Grade 2 (17%), and Grade 3 (56%). Median DFS was 31.5 months; 7‐year DFS was 29%. Median OS was 93.8 months; 7‐year OS was 51%. C‐indices for 7‐year DFS, and OS by the Sarculator nomogram were 0.65 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62–0.69) and 0.69 (95%CI: 0.65–0.73); plots demonstrated good calibration for predicting 7‐year outcomes. The C‐index for 4‐, 8‐, and 12‐year DSS by the MSK nomogram was 0.71 (95%CI: 0.67–0.75); plots demonstrated similarly good calibration ability.ConclusionsIn a diverse, modern validation cohort of patients with resected primary RPS, both Sarculator and MSK nomograms demonstrated good prognostic ability, supporting their ongoing adoption into clinical practice.
Rapid chiral discrimination of oncometabolite dl‐2‐hydroxyglutaric acid using derivatization and field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry/mass spectrometry
Authors: Fukui Serina , Sugiyama Eiji , Mizuno Hajime , Sakane Iwao , Asakawa Daiki , Saikusa Kazumi , Nishiya Yuki , Amano Yuri , Takahara Kentaro , Higo Daisuke , Toyo'oka Toshimasa , Todoroki Kenichiro 
Published: July 2021

Abstract2‐Hydroxyglutaric acid is a chiral metabolite whose enantiomers specifically accumulate in different diseases. An enantiomeric excess of the d‐form in biological specimens reflects the existence of various pathogenic mutations in cancer patients, however, conventional methods using gas or liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis had not been used for large clinical studies because they require multiple analytical instruments and a long run time to separate the enantiomers. Here, we present a rapid separation method for dl‐2‐hydroxyglutaric acid using a chiral derivatizing reagent and field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry/mass spectrometry, which requires a single analytical instrument and <1 s for the separation. We compared three derivatization methods and found that a method using (S)‐1‐(4,6‐dimethoxy‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2‐yl)pyrrolidin‐3‐amine enables the separation. In addition, we were able to detect dl‐2‐hydroxyglutaric acid in standard solution at lower concentrations than that previously reported for the serum. These results show the potential of the method to be used in clinical analysis.
Featured Front Cover
Authors: Zhang Jun , Huang Xiaozhong , Zhang Shengrui , Ren Xiuxiu , Xiao Yulin , Wang Jiale , Xiang Lixiong , Xu Qinghai , Birks Harry John Betteley 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe cover image is based on the Original Article Cycles of grazing and agricultural activity during the historical period and its relationship with climatic and societal changes in northern China by Xiaozhong Huang et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.4007.
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An off‐resonance insensitive orthogonal CSPAMM sequence (ORI‐O‐CSPAMM) for the acquisition of CSPAMM and MICSR grids in half scan time
Authors: Mella Hernán , Wang Hui , Montalba Cristian , Uribe Sergio 
Published: July 2021

PurposeTo develop an Off‐Resonance Insensitive Orthogonal CSPAMM sequence (ORI‐O‐CSPAMM) for the acquisition of CSPAMM and MICSR grids in half of the acquisition time.MethodsPhantom and mid‐level left ventricle short‐axis tagged images were acquired using CSPAMM, ORI‐CSPAMM, O‐CSPAMM, and the proposed ORI‐O‐CPAMM sequences to interrogate and compare its behavior under off‐resonance effects produced by vegetable oil and subcutaneous and epicardial fat. The images were compared in terms of signal and the capacity to obtain complex difference and MICSR images.ResultsLike ORI‐CSPAMM, the proposed ORI‐O‐CSPAMM sequence removed almost completely the off‐resonance artifacts produced during the tagging preparation. Tagging grids without DC components were obtained with ORI‐O‐CSPAMM using complex difference and MICSR from only two complementary images, which reduced the scan time to a half compared to CSPAMM and ORI‐CSPAMM. The removal of off‐resonance effects and the capacity to obtain MICSR images are advantages of ORI‐O‐CSPAMM over the O‐CSPAMM sequence.ConclusionWe developed a novel and fast tagging sequence designed to remove off‐resonance effects during the tagging preparation, and to obtain complex difference and MICSR grids in half of the scan time compared to CSPAMM and ORI‐CSPAMM sequences, which could allow its application to clinical protocols.
Complementary time‐frequency domain networks for dynamic parallel MR image reconstruction
Authors: Qin Chen , Duan Jinming , Hammernik Kerstin , Schlemper Jo , Küstner Thomas , Botnar René , Prieto Claudia , Price Anthony N. , Hajnal Joseph V. , Rueckert Daniel 
Published: July 2021

PurposeTo introduce a novel deep learning‐based approach for fast and high‐quality dynamic multicoil MR reconstruction by learning a complementary time‐frequency domain network that exploits spatiotemporal correlations simultaneously from complementary domains.Theory and MethodsDynamic parallel MR image reconstruction is formulated as a multivariable minimization problem, where the data are regularized in combined temporal Fourier and spatial (x‐f) domain as well as in spatiotemporal image (x‐t) domain. An iterative algorithm based on variable splitting technique is derived, which alternates among signal de‐aliasing steps in x‐f and x‐t spaces, a closed‐form point‐wise data consistency step and a weighted coupling step. The iterative model is embedded into a deep recurrent neural network which learns to recover the image via exploiting spatiotemporal redundancies in complementary domains.ResultsExperiments were performed on two datasets of highly undersampled multicoil short‐axis cardiac cine MRI scans. Results demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms the current state‐of‐the‐art approaches both quantitatively and qualitatively. The proposed model can also generalize well to data acquired from a different scanner and data with pathologies that were not seen in the training set.ConclusionThe work shows the benefit of reconstructing dynamic parallel MRI in complementary time‐frequency domains with deep neural networks. The method can effectively and robustly reconstruct high‐quality images from highly undersampled dynamic multicoil data ( and yielding 15 s and 10 s scan times respectively) with fast reconstruction speed (2.8 seconds). This could potentially facilitate achieving fast single‐breath‐hold clinical 2D cardiac cine imaging.
Reloading in barodesy employing the asymptotic state boundary surface
Authors: Bode Manuel , Fellin Wolfgang , Medicus Gertraud 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe reloading behaviour of the soil is dominated by effects of the recent deformation history as well as by the overall stress history, indicated by overconsolidation. The stiffness of an overconsolidated soil is higher than the stiffness of normally consolidated soil. In basic hypoplastic and barodetic models, the stiffness for reloading is underestimated, and thus so‐called ratcheting effects appear. In this article, we propose a relation to improve the reloading behaviour of barodesy: we introduce an extension, which increases the stiffness in dependence of the distance to the asymptotic state boundary surface and the current dilatancy. Thus, within an intermediate strain range, the stress‐strain behaviour is improved and ratcheting effects are significantly reduced. The behaviour of the proposed extension is verified by simulation of typical element tests and validated by a comparison with experimental results.
Robust tensor train component analysis
Authors: Zhang Xiongjun , Ng Michael K. 
Published: July 2021

SummaryRobust Principal Component Analysis plays a key role in various fields such as image and video processing, data mining, and hyperspectral data analysis. In this paper, we study the problem of robust tensor train (TT) principal component analysis from partial observations, which aims to decompose a given tensor into the low TT rank and sparse components. The decomposition of the proposed model is used to find the hidden factors and help alleviate the curse of dimensionality via a set of connected low‐rank tensors. A relaxation model is to minimize a weighted combination of the sum of nuclear norms of unfolding matrices of core tensors and the tensor norm. A proximal alternating direction method of multipliers is developed to solve the resulting model. Furthermore, we show that any cluster point of the convergent subsequence is a Karush‐Kuhn‐Tucker point of the proposed model under some conditions. Extensive numerical examples on both synthetic data and real‐world datasets are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
A total‐Lagrangian material point method for coupled growth and massive deformation of incompressible soft materials
Authors: Zhang Zijian , Pan Yunxiang , Wang Jianhua , Zhang Hongwu , Chen Zhen , Zheng Yonggang , Ye Hongfei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA total‐Lagrangian material point method (TLMPM) with a mixed formulation is proposed in this article for the mechanical analysis of incompressible soft materials coupling the mass growth and massive deformation. In this work, the growth‐induced large deformation behavior is handled within the framework of the material point method (MPM) based on the multiplicative decomposition of deformation gradient. To overcome the volumetric locking caused by the incompressibility of soft materials, a weak‐form equation for hydrostatic pressure is implemented into a mixed MPM framework. To deal with the massive deformation caused by growth, the total‐Lagrangian formulation is further introduced into the mixed MPM. The TLMPM discretized via the B‐spline basis functions is then developed in the proposed solution procedure. The efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method are demonstrated by several representative two‐ and three‐dimensional numerical examples with large deformation such as the free growth of blocks and constrained growth of rings. The challenging problems including the volumetric growth of bilayers with complex geometry and the strain‐driven growth of skin are further investigated using the proposed TLMPM to illustrate its ability for evaluating the growth phenomena and behaviors as observed in nature and engineering.
A scoping review of alternative methods of delivering ethics education in nursing
Authors: Tanaka Maki , Tezuka Sonoe 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAimWe conducted a scoping review of nursing ethics education to examine educational formats that go beyond traditional lectures.DesignThis study was a scoping review.MethodsWe used seven databases and relevant search terms, including nursing ethics, morals, values, nursing students and nursing ethics education.ResultsOf 5,190 papers, 14 quasi‐experimental studies met the inclusion criteria. All papers examined practices and self‐study added to traditional lecture styles (i.e. the control group). Five practices emerged as follows: combined web (i.e. Internet) and lecture, web‐based self‐study, simulation, group learning and analysing ethical issues. The purpose, method and evaluation method differed based on the country in which the study was conducted. These educational interventions yielded significant differences in knowledge and in nursing students' critical thinking and ethical sensitivity postintervention. Multi‐faceted ethics education will lay the foundation for effective practical training and practice.