bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Program Evaluation of GLA:D® Australia: Physiotherapist Training Outcomes and Effectiveness of Implementation for People With Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Barton Christian , Kemp Joanne , Roos Ewa , Skou Soren , Dundules Karen , Pazzinatto Marcella , Francis Matthew , Lannin Natasha , Wallis Jason , Crossley Kay 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe Good Life with osteoArthritis from Denmark (GLA:D®) program incorporates guideline-based patient education and exercise-therapy for osteoarthritis to implement guidelines into practice. We evaluated the implementation of GLA:D® for knee osteoarthritis within Australian physiotherapy practice using the RE-AIM QuEST (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance Qualitative Evaluation for Systematic Translation) framework.MethodsAustralian physiotherapists were trained and supported to deliver GLA:D® (2017-2019) and completed surveys before and after training to assess practices, beliefs about capabilities and confidence, and barriers and enablers to implementation. Patients participating in GLA:D® completed online baseline, 3-month (immediately post-treatment) and 12-month patient reported outcomes. Effective implementation was defined as within-subject moderate effect size (ES, ≥0.50) for average pain (100mm visual analogue scale) and knee osteoarthritis outcome score quality of life scores (KOOS-QoL), and small effect size (≥0.20) for health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L).ResultsReach: 1,064 physiotherapists (73% private) and 1,945 (79% private) from all states and territories consented to participation. Key barriers included out-of-pocket cost to patients, and program suitability for culturally and linguistically diverse communities. Effectiveness: Following training, more physiotherapists discussed treatment goals and the importance of weight management, and prescribed supervised, neuromuscular exercise. Patient outcomes at 3- and 12 months (n = 1,044 [54%] and 927 [48%]) reflected effective implementation, including reduced pain intensity (ES, 95%CI = 0.72, 0.62-0.84; and 0.65, 0.54-0.77), improved KOOS-QoL scores (0.79, 0.69-0.90; and 0.93, 0.81-1.04), and improved EQ-5D-5L scores (0.43, 0.31-0.54; and 0.46, 0.35-0.58). Seventy-three percent of participants reported minimal important changes for at least one of pain severity (≥ 15 mm), KOOS-QoL (≥ 15 points) or EQ-5D-5L (≥ 0.07 points). Adoption: GLA:D® was implemented at 297 sites (264 private, 33 public). Implementation: Most patients completed at least one education (90%), and 10 exercise-therapy (78%) sessions. Adequate staffing to support program delivery was a key enabler. Maintenance: Ninety-nine percent of sites (293/297) continued to offer the program in July 2020.ConclusionsTraining was associated with practice changes and widespread implementation of GLA:D® in Australia. Effective implementation, and clinically meaningful improvements in pain and quality of life for most participant, supports further work to scale up GLA:D® in Australia.
Reproducibility and Clinical Validation of Automated Habenula Segmentation via deep Learning in Major Depressive Disorder with 7 Tesla MRI
Authors: Lim Sang-Heon , Yoon Jihyun , Kim Young Jae , Kang Chang-Ki , Cho Seo-Eun , Kim Kwang Gi , Kang Seung-Gul 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The habenula is one of the most important brain regions for investigating the etiology of psychiatric diseases such as major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the habenula is challenging to delineate with the naked human eye in brain imaging due to its low contrast and tiny size, and the manual segmentation results vary greatly depending on the observer. Therefore, there is a great need for automatic quantitative analytic methods of the habenula for psychiatric research purposes. Here we propose a fully-automated segmentation and volume estimation method for the habenula in 7 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging based on a novel fully convolutional network. The proposed method, using the data of 69 participants (33 patients with MDD and 36 normal controls), achieved an average precision, sensitivity, and dice similarity coefficient of 0.869, 0.865, and 0.852, respectively, in the automated segmentation task. Moreover, the intraclass correlation coefficient reached 0.870 in the volume estimation task. This study demonstrates that this deep learning-based method can provide accurate and quantitative analytic results of the habenula. By providing rapid and quantitative information on the habenula, we expect our proposed method will aid future psychiatric disease studies.
Radiographic Features and Prognosis of Early- and Late-onset Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-related Pneumonitis
Authors: Huang Aiben , Xu Yang , Zang Xuelei , Wu Chongchong , Gao Jie , Sun Xiaoli , Xie Mei , Ma Xidong , Deng Hui , Song Jialin , Ren Fangping , Pang Li , Qian Jin , Yu Zhaofeng , Wan Shiyu , Chen Yuanyuan , Pan Lei , Zhuang Guanglei , Liu Sanhong , Xue Xinying 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Immunotherapy is becoming a standard of care for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonia (CIP) is a rare and potentially life-threatening event that can occur at any time during tumor immunotherapy. However, there may be differences in the radiological patterns and prognosis of CIP during different periods. This study aimed to investigate the radiographic features and prognosis of early- and late-onset immune-related pneumonitis. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 677 NSCLC patients receiving immunotherapy to identify 32 patients with CIP who were being effectively treated by hormonotherapy, analyzed the clinical and radiographic data, and summarized the radiological features and prognosis of early- and late-onset CIP. Results: CIP had an incidence of 4.7%, a median onset time of 2.4 months, and a mortality of 28.1%. Among these, CIP included 14 early-onset cases, where grade ≥3 CIP accounted for 92.9%, main radiographic pattern was organizing pneumonia (OP)-like pattern, and mortality was 50.0%. We also identified 18 late-onset CIPs, where grade ≥3 CIP accounted for 50.0%, main radiographic pattern was nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP)-like pattern, and mortality was 11.1%. The overall survival rate of the early-onset group was significantly lower than that of the late-onset group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Early-onset CIP cases were higher in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) grade and mainly presented with an OP-like radiographic pattern; whereas, late-onset CIP cases were lower in NCCN grade and mainly presented with an NSIP-like radiographic pattern. Finally, the prognosis of the early-onset CIP group was poorer than that of the late-onset CIP group. We believe that this study will be helpful for clinicians for making early diagnosis and deciding treatment modalities for patients with CIP.
Exponential or Pareto: towards an evolution of equal opportunity
Authors: Tao Yong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Pareto distribution and exponential distribution are related by the generalized Pareto distribution, which has been proposed to describe the income structure of the total population. The underlying mechanism for driving the Pareto distribution has been known as the Matthew effect of income accumulation. Today, the Pareto distribution has been observed universally in the richest class (1%~3% of populations); however, this distribution could dominate a larger proportion of populations when the investigation dated back to Renaissance Europe, Hungarian medieval society, and ancient Egypt. By contrast, the underlying mechanism for driving exponential distribution is due to the equal opportunity of market competition, which radically differs from the Matthew effect. Here, we empirically find that, during the last 40 years, the income structure of different market-economy countries uniformly exhibits a two-class pattern, in which a larger proportion of populations is evolving to an exponential distribution, while the Pareto distribution is squeezed into a fairly small proportion. In particular, we empirically show how the income structure of China evolved to an exponential distribution after the market-oriented economic reformation. The finding of a larger proportion of populations evolving to an exponential income distribution may reveal a potential trend of human civilization towards equal opportunity.
Fabrication of Core-shell Type Alginate/CNT Composite Adsorbent Beads by Combined Method of Magnetic-field/electrospray: Effect of CNT Orientation on Adsorption of Methylene Blue and Environmental Applications
Authors: Beigmoradi Razieh , Moayedfar Yassin , Khosravi Hamed , Samimi Abdolreza 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the present work, carbon nanotubes (CNT)/alginate composite adsorbent was prepared using combined method of magnetic field/electrospray. The effects of magnetic and electric fields on CNT orientation in the polymeric matrix of adsorbent, and consequently on the methylene blue adsorption were investigated. The adsorbents characteristics and adsorption performance of the six types samples were obtained using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, respectively. The FE-SEM image observations indicated that under the setup’s operating condition, the magnetic field could partially orient the CNTs in the polymer matrix while the electrical field had a little effect. The obtained results clearly represented the positive effects of CNT orientation on enhancing the adsorption of methylene blue into the CNT/alginate composite adsorbents. The egg-box model in the CNT/alginate core-shell type beads could explain the adsorption performance of methylene blue solution onto the six types fabricated beads.
Handshake Stewardship: Interdisciplinary Rounds as a Tool to Spread Antimicrobial Stewardship Led by Hospitalist-Pharmacist Teams
Authors: Choi Sebastian , Ahn Esther , Kabir Rubiya , Gautam-Goyal Pranisha , Hirschwerk David 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Over the past decade there has been a greater emphasis on optimizing antimicrobial stewardship. Most stewardship models rely upon a central team, often led by infectious disease doctors and pharmacists to oversee institutional prescribing. We believe there is opportunity to complement this model by incorporating stewardship into interdisciplinary rounds.ObjectiveTo access feasibility and acceptance of antimicrobial stewardship into interdisciplinary rounds.Method We piloted a stewardship model driven by hospitalists and pharmacists through interdisciplinary rounds on four medicine units. We hypothesized that our process would not hamper existing tasks of interdisciplinary rounds. We surveyed team members to understand how the initiative was experienced.ResultsMany clinicians reported that antimicrobial prescribing was ‘often’ or ‘always’ discussed, and the process was ‘not too burdensome’ to incorporate. These responses varied based on the type of provider. A majority of the advanced practice providers (88%) reported the model prompted them to reconsider their individual antimicrobial prescribing. A 28.1% overall reduction of target antibiotic utilization was realized, however, there may be other contributors to this reduction.ConclusionWe believe interdisciplinary rounds can provide a good platform to extend hospital-based antimicrobial stewardship. It was not felt to disrupt the efficiency of achieving other goals of interdisciplinary rounds.
Genetic Diversity of Plasmodium Falciparum Populations in three Malaria Transmission Settings in Madagascar
Authors: Ralinoro Fanomezantsoa , Rakotomanga Tovonahary Angelo , Rakotosaona Riana , Rakoto Danielle A. Doll , Menard Didier , Jeannoda Victor , Ratsimbasoa Arsene 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe assessment of the genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum parasites from various malaria transmission settings could help to define tailored and dedicated local strategies for malaria control and elimination. To date, this information is scarce in Madagascar. To fill this gap, a study aiming at investigating the genetic diversity of P. falciparum populations in three epidemiological facies (Equatorial, Tropical and Fringes) in Madagascar was conducted.MethodsTwo hundred sixty-six P. falciparum isolates were obtained from patients with uncomplicated malaria enrolled in clinical drug efficacy studies conducted in health centers at Tsaratanana (Equatorial facies), Antanimbary (Tropical facies) and Anjoma Ramartina (Fringes) in 2013 and 2016. Parasite DNA was extracted from blood samples collected prior antimalarial treatment. Plasmodium species were identified by nested-PCR targeting 18S rRNA gene. The genetic profiles of P. falciparum parasites were defined by assessing the polymorphic regions of the msp-1 and msp-2 genes using allele-specific nested-PCR.ResultsA total of 58 alleles were detected for msp-1 (18 alleles) and msp-2 (40 alleles) among P. falciparum samples tested. K1 (62.9%, 139/221) and FC27 (69.5%, 114/164) were the most predominant msp-1 and msp-2 allelic families, although the proportions of the msp-1 and msp-2 alleles varied significantly between sites. Polyclonal infections were more frequent in site located in the Equatorial facies (69.8%) compared to sites in the Tropical facies (60.5%) and Fringes (58.1%). Population genetic measures showed that the genetic diversity was similar between sites and the parasite flow within sites was limited.ConclusionThis study provides recent information on the genetic diversity of P. falciparum populations in three transmission facies in Madagascar and valuable baseline data to further evaluate the impact of the control measures implemented in Madagascar.
Forced Suppression of let-7a-5p in Mouse Blastocysts Improves Implantation Rate
Authors: Shakerzadeh Jalleh , Movahedin Mansoureh , Eidi Akram , Roodbari Nasim Hayati , Parivar Kazem 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundEmbryo implantation requires appropriate communication between the blastocyst and endometrium. Recurrent implantation failure is an essential component of assisted reproductive technology. Also, miRNAs-mediated gene expression impacts the implantation process, and the down-regulation of some miRs, such as mmu-let-7a, improves this process. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of let-7a forced-suppression on the mouse implantation rate. MethodsIn total, 100 adult female mice and 10 adult male mice were included (Strain CD-1). We analysed the expression of let-7a and its potential mRNAs targets (Igf1, Il1a, Itgb3, and Tgfb1) in control, sham, and antagomir-treated blastocysts using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). The control and treated blastocysts were transferred to the 20 pseudopregnant mice so that the effect of let-7a suppression on the rate of implantation could be determined.ResultsThe expression level of let-7a in the treatment group was significantly down-regulated (P=0.001) In contrast, no significant expression changes were observed for let-7a or mRNAs targets when the sham and control groups were compared (P>0.05). In comparison to the controls, the antagomir-treated group exhibited significantly up-regulated expression levels of Igf1 (0.0167), Itgb3 (0.045), and Tgfb1 (0.0115). Additionally, the implantation rate was significantly higher in the treatment group (78%) than the control group (61%) (P=0.0098).ConclusionWe found that forced-suppression of mmu-let-7a-5p through successful transfection of Anti-miR leads to upregulation of downstream genes, Igf1, Itgb3, and Tgfb1, which directly involved in the trophoblast- endometrium attachment and improve the implantation rate.
DNA Methylation Changes&nbsp;Regulated by Melatonin was Involved in Postharvest Ripening of Tomato Fruit
Authors: Shan Shuangshuang , Wang Zhiqiang , Pu Huili , Duan Wenhui , Tian Jixin , Li Jiangkuo , Xu Xiangbin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The regulation mechanism of the levels of DNA methylation of CpG islands of ethylene signaling genes induced by melatonin on postharvest ripening of tomato fruit were studied. The ripening of tomato fruit was significantly promoted by the melatonin treatment, as revealed by the appearance color, the lycopene and total soluble solids content of the fruit. In the melatonin treated fruit, the DNA methylation levels of CpG island of SlACS10 and SlERF-A1 were decreased, and the DNA methylation level of CpG island of LeCTR1 was increased. In addition, melatonin treatment increased the expression level of SlACS10, LeEIN3, SlERF-A1 and LeERT10, inhibited the expression level of LeCTR1, and by which the ethylene signaling was activated and the ripening was promoted. The present study provided valuable information for understanding the essential role of DNA methylation in the postharvest ripening of tomato fruit.
The dynamic association between body mass index and cognition from midlife through late-life, and the effect of sex and genetic influences
Authors: Karlsson Ida K , Gatz Margaret , Arpawong Thalida Em , Aslan Anna K Dahl , Reynolds Chandra A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Body mass index (BMI) is associated with cognitive abilities, but the nature of the relationship remains largely unexplored. We aimed to investigate the bidirectional relationship from midlife through late-life, while considering sex differences and genetic predisposition to higher BMI. We used data from 23,892 individuals of European ancestry from the Health and Retirement Study, with longitudinal data on BMI and three established cognitive indices: mental status, episodic memory, and their sum, called total cognition. To investigate the dynamic relationship between BMI and cognitive abilities, we applied dual change score models of change from age 50 through 89, with a breakpoint at age 65 or 70. Models were further stratified by sex and genetic predisposition to higher BMI using tertiles of a polygenic score for BMI (PGSBMI). We demonstrated bidirectional effects between BMI and all three cognitive indices, with higher BMI contributing to steeper decline in cognitive abilities in both midlife and late-life, and higher cognitive abilities contributing to less decline in BMI in late-life. The effects of BMI on change in cognitive abilities were more evident in men compared to women, and among those in the lowest tertile of the PGSBMI compared to those in the highest tertile, while the effects of cognition on BMI were similar across groups. In conclusion, these findings highlight a reciprocal relationship between BMI and cognitive abilities, indicating that the negative effects of a higher BMI persist from midlife through late-life, and that weight-loss in late-life may be driven by cognitive decline.
Brucellosis in Patients with Neoplasm; A Research Article
Authors: Darazam Ilad Alavi , Imanzade Fariba , Rabiei Mohammad Mahdi , Shokouhi Shervin , Erdem Hakan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease with numerous manifestations. The immune response induced by Brucella differs from those caused by other intracellular bacteria. To the best of our knowledge, the behavior of Brucella in patients with different cancers has not been reviewed. The present study aimed to evaluate brucellosis in this group of patients.Methods: All cases of brucellosis in patients with neoplastic disorders were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science and retrieved from the relevant articles. The search was performed without time, language and age limitations and using keywords such as brucellosis, Brucella, cancer, neoplasm, malignancy, and chemotherapy. All clinical features, types of neoplasm, diagnoses, and treatment timings of neoplasms and brucellosis, as well as patient outcomes, were searched.Results: Thirty-two eligible cases were extracted from 28 articles. The patients had a broad age range. Constitutional symptoms and febrile neutropenia were the most common clinical features. Hematological malignancies constituted the underlying disease in 16 patients. Brucellosis was detected in the majority of cases after diagnosis of cancers. Brucella melitensis was reported as the most frequent isolate. Moreover, positive blood culture was observed in 21 patients and 22 of whom were cured. Conclusions: Patients with malignancies may present with atypical symptoms of brucellosis, which is a rare condition even in endemic countries, and clinicians should be aware of its potential effects in the cancer treatment. Brucellosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of febrile neutropenia and patients with cancer, particularly in endemic countries.
Short term blood pressure variability and target organ damage-an observational study of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in a clinic setting in South India
Authors: Hegde Subhashchandra , Aroor Shivaramkrishna , Janardhana Anupama , Hegde Shrikanth 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
High blood pressure (BP) is an important risk factor for Cardiovascular diseases. The association of short term BP Variability (BPV) with target organ damage(TOD) is not clearly established. We conducted this observational study to evaluate the degree of concordance between Office Blood Pressure monitoring(OBPM) and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) and to study the effect of short term BPV on TOD.
Patients attending clinics of the authors between January 2018 and August 2019 were enrolled. Their BP status was determined by OBPM and ABPM and the degree of concordance analysed. ABPM parameters between those with TOD and without TOD were compared using appropriate statistical measures.
Data from 968 subjects (males 61.5%,mean age 59.39 ± 14.86 years) were analysed. Masked hypertension and white coat hypertension were seen in 138 (14.3%) and 50 participants (5.2%) respectively. There was moderate Concordance between ABPM and OBPM readings (Cohen’s kappa =0.692). There were 530(54.8%) non dippers and 189 (19.5%) reverse dippers. High morning surge (MS) was seen in 193(19.9%) and TOD in 225 (23.2%). Percent time elevation (PTE) of systolic BP (P=0.004,OR 1.009,95%CI 1.003,1.016) and diastolic BP in active period (p=0.034,OR 1.009,CI 1.001,1.017) and PTE of diastolic BP in passive period(p=0.006,OR 1.011,95%CI 1.003,1.018) ,as assessed by ABPM were significantly associated with TOD.Dipping status ,diurnal index and MS were not associated with TOD.
ABPM is a useful tool for diagnosis and accurate categorisation of hypertension. Analysis of ABPM parameters helps to identify the patients with significant BP load who are at risk of developing TOD.
Effect of Health Extension Service on Under-Five Child Mortality and Determinants of Under-Five Child Mortality in Derra District, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Tadesse Abate 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Under five-child mortality is the highest in Ethiopia even though it decreased steadily in last two decades. Hence, this study aimed to identify the risk factors and effects of Health Extension Service on under-five child mortality in Derra district, Ethiopia. The study used a random sample of 446 mothers from the district and analyzed. One-fourth (23.5%) of mothers experienced at least one under-five child mortality in the last thirteen years and the propensity score analysis also indicated that utilizing and being model in HEP reduced under five child mortality by 29.84% and 15.71%, respectively. The Poisson regression model identified that Kebeles, being model in HEP, mother educational level, mother age at first birth, source of drinking water and Place of child delivery were significant risk factors of under-five child mortality per mother. Hence, the health sectors and district health offices have to work on a health extension program to increase the community awareness of basic preventive and promotive health service, and minimize risk factors of under-five child mortality.