bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlled self-assembly of chemical gardens enables fabrication of heterogeneous chemobrionic materials
Authors: Hughes Erik A. B. , Robinson Thomas E. , Moakes Richard J. A. , Chipara Miruna , Grover Liam M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractChemical gardens are an example of a chemobrionic system that typically result in abiotic macro-, micro- and nano- material architectures, with formation driven by complex out-of-equilibrium reaction mechanisms. From a technological perspective, controlling chemobrionic processes may hold great promise for the creation of novel, compositionally diverse and ultimately, useful materials and devices. In this work, we engineer an innovative custom-built liquid exchange unit that enables us to control the formation of tubular chemical garden structures grown from the interface between calcium loaded hydrogel and phosphate solution. We show that systematic displacement of phosphate solution with water (H2O) can halt self-assembly, precisely control tube height and purify structures in situ. Furthermore, we demonstrate the fabrication of a heterogeneous chemobrionic composite material composed of aligned, high-aspect ratio calcium phosphate channels running through an otherwise dense matrix of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA). Given that the principles we derive can be broadly applied to potentially control various chemobrionic systems, this work paves the way for fabricating multifunctional materials that may hold great potential in a variety of application areas, such as regenerative medicine, catalysis and microfluidics.
Efficient energy transfer in Cs4MnxCd1−xSb2Cl12 layered perovskites and anomalously responsive photodetectors
Authors: Peng Chengyu , Wei Qilin , Chen Li , Zeng Ruosheng , Zhang Qinglin , Hu Qingsong , Zou Bingsuo 
Published: October 2021

Cs4MnxCd1−xSb2Cl12 exhibit typical Mn2+ ion emission based on the efficient energy transfer from the intrinsic dark STE states to the Mn2+ ions. Furthermore, we observed an anomalously negative photo-response collapse in a photodetector.
Designed borophene/TMDs hybrid catalysts for enhanced hydrogen evolution reactions
Authors: Lin Yuxing , Yu Mingxin , Li Xiaoyan , Gao Weicheng , Wang Licheng , Zhao Xinli , Zhou Min , Yao Xiaojing , He Maoshuai , Zhang Xiuyun 
Published: October 2021

Interlayer charge transfer in borophene/TMDs heterostructures plays an important role in tuning electronic properties, which on one hand, can effectively improve the HER performance of TMDs basal plane and on the other, can maintain the good HER performance of botophene layer.
Effectiveness of Chest CT in Children: CT Findings in Relation to the Clinical Question
Authors: Esser Michael , Tsiflikas Ilias , Kraus Mareen Sarah , Hess Sabine , Gatidis Sergios , Schaefer Jürgen F. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose To estimate the effectiveness and efficiency of chest CT in children based on the suspected diagnosis in relation to the number of positive, negative, and inconclusive CT results.
Materials and Methods In this monocentric retrospective study at a university hospital with a division of pediatric radiology, 2019 chest CT examinations (973 patients; median age: 10.5 years; range: 2 days to 17.9 years) were analyzed with regards to clinical data, including the referring department, primary questions or suspected diagnosis, and CT findings. It was identified if the clinical question was answered, whether the suspected diagnosis was confirmed or ruled out, and if additional findings (clinically significant or minor) were detected.
Results The largest clinical subgroup was the hematooncological subgroup (n = 987), with frequent questions for inflammation/pneumonia (66 % in this subgroup). Overall, CT provided conclusive results in 97.6 % of all scans. In 1380 scans (70 %), the suspected diagnosis was confirmed. In 406/2019 cases (20 %), the CT scan was negative also in terms of an additional finding. In 8 of 9 clinical categories, the proportion of positive results was over 50 %. There were predominantly negative results (110/179; 61 %) in pre-stem cell transplant evaluation. In the subgroup of trauma management, 81/144 exams (57 %) showed positive results, including combined injuries (n = 23). 222/396 (56 %) of all additional findings were estimated to be clinically significant.
Conclusion In a specialized center, the effectiveness of pediatric chest CT was excellent when counting the conclusive results. However, to improve efficiency, the clinical evaluation before imaging appears crucial to prevent unnecessary CT examinations.
Key Points:
Citation Format
Akute diabetische Stoffwechselentgleisungen
Authors: Mertens Melina , Dauben Laura , Roden Michael , Müssig Karsten 
Published: October 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGPatienten mit Diabetes mellitus weisen eine erhöhte Morbidität und Letalität infolge der mikro- und makrovaskulären Komplikationen auf. Zudem kann es bei Erstmanifestation, aber auch während des weiteren Krankheitsverlaufs, zu lebensbedrohlichen Stoffwechselentgleisungen kommen. Treten diabetesbedingte Notfälle auf, ist eine schnelle Diagnose und Therapieeinleitung unerlässlich.
Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)methanes through an Alkylation Reaction of Indoles with Sodium Alkoxides
Authors: Zhou Bingwei , Chen Xue , Liu Yunkui , Jin Hongwei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe describe an alkylation reaction of indoles with sodium alkoxides for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes. 1-Tetralone proved to be an efficient hydrogen acceptor, thus avoiding the use of precious transition metals such as Ru and Ir. This reaction features transition-metal-free conditions, uses readily available starting materials, and can be conducted on a gram scale.
Melhora da dor radicular após discectomia lombar transforaminal endoscópica em discos com alterações degenerativas avançadas
Authors: Oliveira José Alberto Alves , Ramos Rossana Ribeiro de Melo , Muniz Neto Francisco Julio , Almeida Paulo Cesar de , Ramos Max Rogerio Freitas , Carvalho Paulo Sergio Teixeira de 
Published: October 2021

Resumo
Objetivos Avaliar a correlação entre as alterações radiológicas (Pfirrmann e Modic) e a intensidade da dor radicular em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia endoscópica transforaminal para hérnia de disco lombar.
Métodos Uma sequência de casos com 39 pacientes, 50 discos intervertebrais em avaliação pré-operatória, no período de 29 de janeiro de 2018 a 28 de agosto de 2019, no serviço de cirurgia endoscópica da coluna vertebral. Os dados demográficos, indicação cirúrgica, detalhes operatórios e complicações foram todos obtidos junto aos prontuários clínicos. Os pacientes foram divididos em três grupos, com base na classificação Modic (ausência de Modic, Modic 1 e Modic 2) e em dois grupos, considerando a classificação de Pfirrmann (Pfirrmann IV e Pfirrmann V). Os dados foram processados no software IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, versão 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, EUA), com nível de significância de p <0,05.
Resultados Não houve diferença entre os gêneros; idade: 50,36 ± 15,05 anos; nível da doença: L2–L3 1 (2%), L3–L4 2 (4%), L4–L5 9 (18%), L5–S1 8 (16%), L3–L4 + L4–L5 4 (8%), e L4–L5 + L5–S1 26 (52%); localização: foraminal direito em 7 pacientes (14%), foraminal esquerdo em 15 pacientes (30%), central em 9 pacientes (18%), e difuso em 19 pacientes (38%); dor radicular: esquerda em 25 pacientes (50%), direita em 11 pacientes (22%), e bilateral em 14 pacientes (28%); escala visual analógica (EVA) pré-operatório: 9,5 ± 0,91, pós-operatório: 2,5 ± 1,79; tempo cirúrgico: 100 ± 31,36 minutos; e acompanhamento de 8,4 ± 6,7 meses. Foi registrada menos dor ciática pós-operatória nos grupos Modic 2 versus Modic 1 (p < 0,05). Não houve diferença na dor radicular pós-operatória entre os grupos Pfirrmann (IV versus V).
Conclusão Embora não exista diferença clínica entre os grupos, em estágios avançados da degeneração discal, a discectomia transforaminal endoscópica mostrou-se eficaz na redução da dor radicular em pacientes com hérnia de disco lombar.
Sarcoma pleomórfico de alto grau associado a metalose em paciente com artroplastia total do quadril
Authors: Campos Roni Serra , Meohas Walter , Ferradosa Artur Shioji , Freire da Costa Anneliese Fortuna de Azevedo , Guimarães João Antonio Matheus , Duarte Maria Eugenia Leite 
Published: October 2021

ResumoApesar da relação entre artroplastia de quadril e o desenvolvimento de sarcoma ter sido descrita pela primeira vez na literatura há cerca de quarenta anos, esta associação é extremamente rara. No presente relato de caso, descrevemos a associação entre implante ortopédico e sarcoma de partes moles em um homem de 79 anos submetido a artroplastia primária total do quadril (ATQ) por coxartrose há 24 anos. Foram descritas a evolução clínica e os achados radiográficos e histopatológicos da lesão. No intraoperatório da segunda cirurgia de revisão, foi evidenciada soltura dos componentes acetabular e femoral em associação com extensas áreas de necrose e de metalose. Foi realizado desbridamento da região do quadril e da coxa direita e retirada dos implantes. Devido à extensão da lesão e da necrose, não foi possível realizar nova reconstrução articular. O diagnóstico histopatológico de sarcoma pleomórfico indiferenciado de alto grau associado a extensas áreas de metalose foi estabelecido no tecido adjacente ao implante. O paciente evoluiu com metástases pulmonares e faleceu 6 meses após o diagnóstico. Apesar da raridade da associação, os sarcomas devem ser considerados no diagnóstico diferencial das solturas assépticas, particularmente na presença de metalose no tecido peri-implantar. Pelo nosso conhecimento o período de latência de 24 anos entre a ATQ primária e o estabelecimento do diagnóstico de sarcoma é um dos mais longos relatado até o momento.
Ovarian Hyperstimulation: Diagnosis, Prevention, and Management
Authors: Levi-Setti Paolo Emanuele , Di Segni Noemi , Gargasole Clara , Ronchetti Camilla , Cirillo Federico 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOvarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a severe complication of controlled ovarian stimulation (COS). Pathogenesis of the disease is based on massive transudation of protein-rich fluid from the vascular compartment into the peritoneal, pleural and pericardial spaces, with a variable picture of clinical manifestations depending on its severity. Nowadays OHSS can easily be avoided by several prevention methods, ranging from identification of high-risk patients, choice of a correct protocol stimulation, trigger with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists or, finally, the freeze-all strategy. When OHSS occurs, it can usually be managed as outpatient care. Only if severe/critical cases are diagnosed hospitalization is necessary for appropriate rehydration, monitoring of fluid balance and eventual drainage of ascitic fluid. One of the most dangerous complications of OHSS is venous thromboembolism (VTE). Thromboprophylaxis has shown to be cost effective and widely used, while there are controversies regarding the usage of low dose aspirin (LDA) as a preventive measure.
Nonlocal balance equations with parameters in the space of signed measures
Authors: Pogodaev N. I. , Staritsyn M. V. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA parametric family of nonlocal balance equations in the space of signed measures is studied. Under assumptions that cover a number of known conceptual models we establish the existence of the solution, its uniqueness and continuous dependence on the parameter and the initial distribution. Several corollaries of this theorem, which are useful for control theory, are discussed. In particular, this theorem yields the limit in the mean field of a system of ordinary differential equations, the existence of the optimal control for an assembly of trajectories, Trotter’s formula for the product of semigroups of the corresponding operators, and the existence of a solution to a differential inclusion in the space of signed measures.Bibliography: 33 titles.
Uniqueness theorems for simple trigonometric series with application to multiple series
Authors: Gevorkyan G. G. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
For simple trigonometric series it is shown, in particular, that if the trigonometric series is Riemann summable in measure to an integrable function

and if the Riemann majorant is finite everywhere except possibly on a countable set, then this series is the Fourier series of the function

. Uniqueness theorems for multiple trigonometric series are obtained on the basis of this result.
Bibliography: 14 titles.
Four-point interfacial correlation functions in two dimensions. Exact results from field theory and numerical simulations
Authors: Squarcini Alessio , Tinti Antonio 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We derive exact analytic results for several four-point correlation functions for statistical models exhibiting phase separation in two-dimensions. Our theoretical results are then specialized to the Ising model on the two-dimensional strip and found to be in excellent agreement with high-precision Monte Carlo simulations.
Cost-Effectiveness of Recommendations From the Surgeon General’s Call-to-Action to Control Hypertension
Authors: Tajeu Gabriel S , Tsipas Stavros , Rakotz Michael , Wozniak Gregory 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In response to high prevalence of hypertension and suboptimal rates of blood pressure (BP) control in the United States, the Surgeon General released a Call-to-Action to Control Hypertension (Call-to-Action) in the fall of 2020 to address the negative consequences of uncontrolled BP. In addition to morbidity and mortality associated with hypertension, hypertension has an annual cost to the US healthcare system of $71 billion. The Call-to-Action makes recommendations for improving BP control, and the purpose of this review was to summarize the literature on the cost-effectiveness of these strategies. We identified a number of studies that demonstrate the cost saving or cost-effectiveness of recommendations in the Call-to-Action including strategies to promote access to and availability of physical activity opportunities and healthy food options within communities, advance the use of standardized treatment approaches and guideline-recommended care, to promote the use of healthcare teams to manage hypertension, and to empower and equip patients to use self-measured BP monitoring and medication adherence strategies. While the current review identified numerous cost-effective methods to achieve the Surgeon General’s recommendations for improving BP control, future work should determine the cost-effectiveness of the 2017 American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association Hypertension guidelines, interventions to lower therapeutic inertia, and optimal team-based care strategies, among other areas of research. Economic evaluation studies should also be prioritized to generate more comprehensive data on how to provide efficient and high value care to improve BP control.
1447 Trends in Lower Extremity Amputation Incidence in European Union 15+ Countries 1990-2017
Authors: Goodall R , Hughes W , Salciccioli J , Marshall D , Davies A H , Shalhoub J 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aim
To assess trends in lower extremity amputation (LEA) incidence in European Union (EU15+) countries for the years 1990-2017.

Method
This was an observational study using data obtained from the 2017 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study. Age standardised incidence rates (ASIRs) for LEA (stratified into toe amputation, and LEA proximal to toes) were extracted from the GBD Results Tool (http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool) for EU15+ countries for each of the years 1990-2017. Trends were analysed using Joinpoint regression analysis.

Results
Between 1990 and 2017, variable trends in the incidence of LEA were observed in EU15+ countries. For LEAs proximal to toes, increasing trends were observed in six of 19 countries and decreasing trends in nine of 19 countries, with four countries showing varying trends between sexes. For toe amputation, increasing trends were observed in eight of 19 countries and decreasing trends in eight of 19 countries for both sexes, with three countries showing varying trends between sexes. Australia had the highest ASIRs for both sexes in all LEAs at all time points, with steadily increasing trends. The USA observed the greatest reduction in all LEAs in both sexes over the time period analysed (LEAs proximal to toes: female patients 22.93%, male patients 29.76%; toe amputation: female patients 29.93%, male patients 32.67%). The greatest overall increase in incidence was observed in Australia.

Conclusions
Variable trends in LEA incidence were observed across EU15+ countries. These trends do not reflect previously observed reductions in incidence of PAOD over the same time period.
989 Sustained and Further Improvements in Management of Open Fractures at a UK Major Trauma Centre
Authors: Ramjeeawon A , Iqbal M , Abourisha E , Ahmad A , Hasan Y , Hawthorne R , Ashraf A , Deakin M 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aim
To re-audit pre-operative hospital management of open fractures following further interventions (junior doctor education and awareness, editing of trauma clerking form), after the initial audit and interventions led to improvements in all parameters.

Method
Pre-operative hospital management of open fractures was audited by reviewing patient notes using standards from the NICE (NG37) and BOAST/BAPRAS open fracture management guidelines. Patients included were treated by doctors with full exposure to the further interventions (due to junior doctor changeover the third cycle included fewer patients).

Results
All parameters remained improved in the third audit cycle compared to the first (before interventions were implemented). The following results compare the second (n = 30) and third audit (n = 14) cycles. Patients receiving correct antibiotics (96%vs100%) and in a timely manner (&lt;2 hours) where not given pre-hospital (46%vs60%) improved. Initial neurovascular assessment (93%vs100%), specifying nerves assessed (60%vs71%), assessing all relevant arteries (60%vs71%) and nerves (63%vs71%) and using Medical Research Council (MRC) grading in nerve assessment (3%vs71%) improved, while specifying arteries assessed was similar (87%vs86%). Post-manipulation, neurovascular assessment (93%vs75%) and appropriate nerve examination (90%vs50%) deteriorated, however appropriate vascular assessment (60%vs75%) and use of MRC grading in nerve assessment (0%vs50%) improved. Documentation where neurovascular assessment was not possible, initially (50%vs93%) and post-manipulation (40%vs50%) improved. Photo availability deteriorated (70%vs64%). Tetanus cover (87%vs100%) and appropriate dressing use (47%vs71%) improved.

Conclusions
Most parameters showed sustained and further improvements. The haemodynamic stability variation of these patients may create difficulties in fully adhering to the management standard; in some cases, other acute concerns may take priority.
1181 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome - A Miss(Ed) Diagnosis-Delayed Diagnosis Of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Is Common And Leads To Poorer Functional Outcomes
Authors: Suresh S , Kaneta G , Wignakumar A , Choksy S , Sinha S , Howard A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Thoracic outlet syndrome was first defined by Peet in 1956 as “compression of the neurovascular structures in the interscalene triangle corresponding to the possible etiology of the symptoms”.1 Diagnosis of TOCS still remains controversial due to lack of clear referral pathways and our study aims to create one to prevent adverse treatment outcomes.

Method
A retrospective audit in a single vascular centre over a 11-year period correlating time of onset of symptoms to delivery of care and post intervention benefits

Results
Total of 50 patients were analysed during the study. 30 percent of the patients analysed were noted to be referred to a vascular surgeon 3 years post the initial presentation of symptoms. 60 percent were noted to be referred between 6-2.5 years post initial presentation. Remaining 10 percent were noted to be referred in less than 6 years. It was noted that patients belonging to the group Acohort were noted to have recurrence of symptoms, albeit minor post intervention and treatment of TOCS. Whereas recurrence was noted to be nil/ reduced in the patients intervened in less than 2 years from onset of symptoms. Furthermore, the study also noted that more than 50 percent patients with neurogenic/ venous TOCS had a history of preceeding trauma/ shoulder injury and were noted to be not investigated for TOCS.

Conclusions
Our study lends evidence that delayed diagnosis of thoracic outlet syndrome is common and leads to poorer functional and treatment outcomes. Hence a diagnostic pathway must be proposed and implemented at primary care which caters to diagnosis of TOCS, to avoid delays in delivery of adequate care and treatment.
1231 A Full-Cycle Audit Of ‘Safe’ Surgical Handovers in A Tertiary Centre
Authors: Shakoor Z , West C 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aim
1. Assess performance in surgical handovers at Southampton General Hospital (SGH) against RCS ‘Safe Handover’ guidelines Identify any areas for improvement to ensure safe and effective handover of surgical patients

Method
10 evening surgical handovers were anonymously audited In October 2019 against RCS ‘safe handover’ guidelines. The results were subsequently analysed and circulated amongst the surgical department. Handovers were then led consistently by surgical registrars and advanced nurse practitioners (ANPs). A prompt including the RCS handover guidelines was made and distributed to all members of the surgical team and included in departmental inductions. Following this, a further 10 evening handovers were anonymously audited between July and August 2020.

Results
Many aspects of handover performance descriptors described by the RCS in the re-audit improved following the circulation of our prompt including RCS handover guidelines and examples of minimum or good standards of practice for handover. Specifically, handover timeliness, the briefings provided (100% from 70%), the audibility of a single speaker (70% from 30%), the number of educational discussions held during handovers (100% from 50%) and awareness of the on-call overnight consultant (100% from 80%) all vastly improved.

Conclusions
Emphasis on undertaking effective handovers needs to continue as ‘safe' handovers between shifts can protect both patient and doctor safety. This is especially true following the implementation of the European Working Time Directive (EWTD) and a move to full shift working. Handovers are also proposed as opportunities for training which may be helpful especially in an era of reduced hours of surgical training.
1359 Everyone Deserves to Smile: An Audit on The Success Rate of Dental Implants in Complex Maxillofacial Patients
Authors: Lugaric P , Frezzini C , Patterson A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Aim
To determine the success rates of dental implants in complex patients treated in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department at Rotherham General Hospital (RGH).

Method
All patients who received dental implants in the period January 2010 – March 2017 at RGH were included in the audit.

Standards
90% local standard

Results
68 dental implants were placed in 22 patients: 15 patients head and neck reconstruction, 5 atrophic edentulous patients, 2 trauma.

Conclusions
Survival rates for dental implants in the literature is variable ranging from 91 -96% in native bone and mucosa and 46 - 98% in irradiated tissue.