bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bericht über das trilaterale Erasmus+-Projekt im Rahmen von KA2 – Cooperation for Innovation and the Exchange of Good Practices und KA203 – Strategic Partnerships for higher education
Authors: Szczęk Joanna 
Published: January 2021

Bericht über das trilaterale Erasmus+-Projekt im Rahmen von KA2 – Cooperation for Innovation and the Exchange of Good Practices und KA203 – Strategic Partnerships for higher education: Internationalisierung und Weiterentwicklung des Doktorandenstudiums, 1.10.2018-30.06.2021
THERMOPHYSICAL ANALYSIS OF THE PARAMETERS OF A BIOMASS FUELED MICRO–CHP UNIT WITH A STIRLING ENGINE
Authors: Borisov I.I. , Khalatov A.A. 
Published: January 2021

A typical scheme of a biomass fueled micro-CHP unit with a Stirling engine, including a combustion chamber, a Stirling Engine, a recuperator and water heater, is considered. A brief overview of the main biomass combustion methods used in this installation is made.
Thermophysical analysis was carried out on the basis of solving a system of equations: the reaction equation for wood biomass combustion, the equations of both the general heat balance and the heat balance of parts of CHP unit, as well as the equation of energy conservation at flows mixing in the combustion chamber, taken into account the heat input and losses. The relationship for calculating the theoretical temperature in the combustion chamber and heat flux in the recuperatoris obtained. The last equation is obtained in dimensionless form. The theoretical temperature in the combustion chamber and the heat flux in the recuperator have been calculated, the influence of the main factors has been analyzed - the efficiency of heat exchange in the recuperator, the share of the total air flow passing through the recuperator, the excess air ratio, dimensionless heat losses and heat flux on the hot heat exchanger of the Stirling engine.
It is shown that the temperature in the combustion chamber decreases with a decrease in the efficiency of the recuperator and with an increase in the excess air ratio. A significant influence of heat losses in the combustion chamber on the heat flux in therecuperatorwas found. Under certain conditions (high heat losses and high heat exchange on the hot heat exchanger of the Stirling engine), the recuperator is not neededatall.
It is also shown that the share of the total air flow passing through the recuperator has a significant effect on the heat flux in the recuperator. Thus, when the air flow passing through the recuperator is reduced by 2 times, the heat flow is reduced by 5 times. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize the air flow bypassing the recuperator. As a result of thermophysical analysis, the optimal value of the excess air ratio was obtained, which is 1.7 ... 1.8.
Diplomasi Kiai Nahdlatul ‘Ulama (NU) Melalui Konferensi Ulama Internasional
Authors: Purwono Andi 
Published: January 2021

As the largest religious organization, Nahdlatul Ulama has had an international role since its inception. One of these roles is realized through the holding of several international conferences. This article aims to explain the reasons of these conferences and to describe the activities and contributions to the world and especially towards Indonesian foreign policy. This qualitative research used documentary/ literature study in collecting data. The research found that ideational motivation related to the logic of appropriateness (the call) to spread the teachings of Islam rahmatan lil alamin was the reason for the establishment. The conferences gave positive contribution as religious epistemic community, in building network, and in the framework of Islamic and western relations. Towards Indonesian foreign policy, these conferences, firstly emphasized the washathiyah / moderate character of Indonesian Islam which has proven to be compatible with democracy and modernity. Secondly, the thoughts and recommendations generated are valuable inputs for policy makers. Thirdly, the ulama network also has sharpen Indonesia's diplomacy in area Indonesia foreign policy implementation.
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Key Words: Diplomacy, Conference, Ideational Motivation, Cononstructivism, Contributioni.
Breeding Biology of Freshwater Goby Glossogobius Giuris Using Gonadosomatic Index and Gonadal Histology
Authors: Jabbar S , Liza SK , Islam MA , Rashid I , Rahman ML , Hossain MS , Salam MA 
Published: January 2021

The breeding season of fishes plays an important role in fish domestication and conservation of fish diversity. Freshwater goby, Glossogobius giuris is an important food fish of Bangladesh. Therefore, a study was performed to determine the breeding biology through assessing the gonadosomatic index (IG), fecundity and histology of gonad of G. giuris. A total of 1371 females and 1051 male fishes were collected from the Belai beel of Gazipur district. Significantly (P<0.05) higher values of mean IG were observed during March and from June to August for both females and males. The highest mean fecundity was recorded in August and the lowest was recorded in May. The smallest mean oocyte length was 0.037±0.005 mm in May and the largest was 0.071±0.001 mm in August. The early and late perinucleolar stages of oocytes were observed from January to March. The yolk vesicle stage was observed during April to May and yolk granule stage was observed during March and from June to August. These results revealed that G. giuris might breed in March and from June to August.
Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2019) 23(1) : 1-13
Replacement of Sodium Bicarbonate and Micronutrients in Kosaric Medium With Banana Leaf Ash Extract for Culture of Spirulina Platensis
Authors: Khatun S , Hossain MA , Akter T , Banu MR , Kawser AQMR 
Published: January 2021

Spirulina platensis is one of the most promising microalgae for culture due to its high nutritional values. The main constraint to its production is the high cost of culture media. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of S. platensis with the aim of replacing sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and mineral nutrients in Kosaric medium (KM) with banana leaf ash extract. KM was used as control medium in treatment T1. In treatments T2 to T5, 50% of NaHCO3 in KM was replaced with banana leaf ash extract (BLAE). In addition, micronutrients in KM were reduced to 75%, 50% and 25% in treatments T3 to T5, respectively. The values of different physical and chemical parameters (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and light intensity) of the culture media were within the suitable range for S. platensis culture. Optical density in treatments T2 and T3 were similar to that was in treatment T1. Maximum cell dry weight (0.65 gL-1) was observed in treatment T1 and it was similar to the treatments T2 and T3 where 50% of NaHCO3 in KM was replaced with banana leaf ash extract with 100% and 75% micronutrients supply, respectively. The similar trend was found in chlorophyll a content. It was evident that 50% of NaHCO3 in KM can be replaced with BLAE for the culture of S. platensis, in addition micronutrients in KM can be reduced to 75%.
Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2019) 23(1) : 37-47
Trend Analysis of Rainfall Data in Divisional Meteorological Stations of Bangladesh
Authors: Noorunnahar M , Hossain MA 
Published: January 2021

Sixty four years, 1952-2016, rainfall data (monthly rainfall and annual total rainfall) were analyzed using non-parametric methods like Mann-Kendall and Sen’s T test to detect the recent trends in rainfall pattern over seven divisions of Bangladesh. Sen’s non-parametric estimator of slope was frequently used to estimate the magnitude of trend, whose statistical significance was assessed by the Mann–Kendall test. Station basis trend analysis was performed for rainfall data. For rainfall of Bangladesh most of the stations, viz. Dhaka, Sylhet, Rangpur, Khulna showed significant upward trend. There were rising rates of rainfall in some months such as April in Rangpur and September in Khulna and a decreasing trend in some other months as in January in Sylhet were obtained by these statistical tests suggested overall significant changes in rainfall trend in these areas. Monthly rainfall and annual total rainfall were found to decrease at the rates of 4.94 mm/year and 16.11 mm/year, respectively, where the downward trend of monthly total rainfall was insignificant but the trend of annual total rainfall was significant with 5% level of significance.
Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2019) 23(1) : 49-61
Use of Potato as an Alternative Source of Carbohydrate in Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) Fish Feed
Authors: Akter T , Khatun HA , Haque F , Rahman MR , Shaha DC , Salam MA 
Published: January 2021

The study was conducted to evaluate the potentiality of potato as an alternative source of carbohydrate in fish feed and its effect on the growth performance, glucose level and survivability of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The experiment was designed into four treatments with three replications in each including control T1 (feed without rice bran and potato), T2 (feed with rice bran), T3 (feed with raw potato) and T4 (feed with boiled potato). Tilapia fry (average 6.27±0.07 g) were randomly distributed in each treatment as 40 fish per 300L tank and feed with experimental diets (protein 35%). Significantly higher (P<0.05) survival rate of the fishes were observed in T4 (85%) followed by T2 (72.5%), T3 (57.5%) and T1 (47.5%). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly lower in T4 (2.76) compared to T2 (2.89) T3 (3.2) and T1 (3.93). Specific growth rate (SGR) was significantly higher (P<0.05) in T4 (3.11%) followed by T2 (2.94%), T3 (2.85%) and T1 (2.68%). Higher (P<0.05) condition factor (CF) was also observed in T4 (3.19) compared to T2 (2.85), T3 (2.77) and T1 (2.64). Higher glucose level was found in T4 (P<0.05) compared to T2, T3 and T1. The water quality parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite and phosphate were not significantly (P>0.05) differed among the treatments. The results indicated that boiled potato treated feed would be effective as energy rich growth promoter in tilapia culture. However, further investigation is needed in farm condition adding varying levels of potato in feed.
Ann. Bangladesh Agric. (2019) 23(1) : 79-89
Association of Testosterone Level among Lepromatous and Borderline Leprosy Male Patients: Experience of 30 Cases in Bangladesh
Authors: Mohammad Abu Sayeed , Mia Tarequzzan , Hamid MA , Hossain Shahadat , Khan Zulfiqur Hossain 
Published: January 2021

Background: Hormonal dysfunction is reported among the leprosy patients.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the association of testosterone level among male patients presented with lepromatous and borderline leprosy.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Leprosy Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to December 2016 for a period of one year. All patients with a known diagnosis of leprosy under follow up at the hospital were included in the study. The serum concentration of testosterone was measured using an enzyme immunoassay technique (ELISA) (DiaMetra, Spello, Italy).
Result: A total number of 30 cases of leprosy were recruited for this study. The mean with SD of the study population was 39.20±9.065 years. Among 30 cases of study population 26 cases were lepromatous leprosy patents and the rest 4 cases were Borderline Leprosy patients. The mean with the standard deviation of testosterone level in serum was 6.41±4.756 mg/dL and 4.71±2.396 mg/L in lepromatous leprosy and borderline leprosy respectively (p=0.497).
Conclusion: In conclusion there is no statistically significant relationship between leprosy and testosterone; however, lower level of testosterone is found among the study population
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020;7(2):36-39
Knowledge of Biosafety Measures among Laboratory Personnel at Tertiary Level Public Hospitals in Dhaka City
Authors: Islam Md Nowfel , Kabir Md Humayun , Yusuf Md Abdullah , Salam Md Badius , Perveen Irin , Shirin Sadia 
Published: January 2021

Background: Biosafety is the principles, technologies and practices that are implemented to prevent the unintentional exposure to pathogens and toxins.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the Status of biosafety safety measures practice by medical laboratory workers in public hospitals of Dhaka city.
Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with Data from Medical Laboratory Workers of Tertiary Level Public Hospitals of Dhaka City using a Semi-Structured Questionnaire. The study was conducted from May 2015 to November 2015. It was designed to assess the Status of Practicing Biosafety Safety Measures in Tertiary Level Public Hospitals of Dhaka City. The knowledge, training, level of education on Biosafety were assessed by medical laboratory workers.
Result: The Data of this study is obtained from a total of 238 respondents. In this study it is observed that 224(94%) respondents could not say the concept of Biosafety as defined by WHO. In this study 118(49%) respondents do not know about biosafety cabinet and 84(35%) could say up to Biosafety Level IV and 36(15%) can say up to Biosafety Level 3. Orientation with biosafety tools is observed in 138(58%) respondents, 76(32%) got training during course and 78(33%) got training during service.
Conclusion: In conclusion knowledge and training on biosafety of the laboratory worker are inadequate.
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020;7(2):49-56
Exploration of Knowledge of Tuberculosis Patients Regarding their Disease in Quetta, Pakistan
Authors: Haq Noman Ul , Nasim Aqeel , Kakar Palwasha 
Published: January 2021

Background: Knowledge of tuberculosis is very important for the patients.
Objective: This study was aimed to assess and explore the knowledge of TB patients regarding their diseases in Quetta, Pakistan.
Methodology: This questionnaire based, cross sectional analysis was conducted in Fatima Jinnah Chest Hospital, Quetta with in all TB patients. Knowledge was assessed by using a pre-validated self-administered questionnaire containing 22 disease related questions. Convenience sampling technique was used for data collection. Descriptive analysis was used to demonstrate the characteristics of the study population.
Result: Mean age of respondents was 40.99±18.10. Study was dominated by 168 (60.00%) of females. Two hundred (71.40%) were married. One hundred sixteen (41.40%) had no any education. One hundred sixty-eight (60.00%) were Pashtun. One hundred thirty-two (47.10%) having income less than 10000 PKR and ranges between 10000 to 18000 PKR respectively. One hundred fifty-six (55.70%) were having rural residency. One hundred fifty-six (58.10%) having no any co-morbidity. Mean score of knowledge was 11.23±3.616.
Conclusion: Knowledge is a key factor in understanding any particular disease. If the level of knowledge is low in some or all parts of the disease, it will actually affect the patient. It can be concluded that there is a need to raise awareness of TB symptoms, mode of transmission, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the disease through health education.
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020;7(2):78-83
Neonate with Rare Clinical Presentation of COVID-19: A Report of Two Clinically Distinct Cases
Authors: Parvin Ruma , Afroze Sharmin , Bashar AHM Khairul , Sonia Sheikh Farjana , Ghosh Nobo Krishna 
Published: January 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread across the world. We describe two cases of neonate, presenting with features like multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C), who presented to our neonatal unit of Dr. M R Khan Shishu Hospital, Bangladesh on August, 2020.Case 1 was a 7-day-old male infant presented at 14 hours of life with fever, poor feeding, per rectal bleeding and shock. Detailed examination revealed Down’s fancies and pallor. Case 2 was 15-day old neonate presenting with fever, rash and convulsion and his laboratory values were remarkable for high levels of C-reactive protein, D-dimer, ferritin and his Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings were consistent with aseptic meningitis. Both babies were tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). First case was very critical and referred to tertiary care hospital after stabilization. 2nd case recovered completely and was discharged to home in 15 days. Though till date COVID 19 in neonate is not very well-known to us, it is essential to disseminate information among the medical community regarding severe and atypical presentations of COVID-19 in neonate as prior knowledge can help to quickly identify and treat these patients as they present in the neonatal department.
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020;7(2):102-106
Acute Parkinsonism in Young Adult Following Streptococcal Infection
Authors: Kutty Shahedah Koya , Zainulabid Ummu Afeera 
Published: January 2021

Acute parkinsonism following streptococcal infection is rarely reported. To date, there is paucity of literature of post streptococcal immune mediated acute parkinsonism and dyskinesia among adult. We report a case of 18 years old woman, who presented with acute parkinsonism after streptococcal tonsillitis. The patient who was previously well presented with a two-month history of intermittent fever, associated with sore throat and sudden onset of behaviour changes. She has been found to be quieter and respond slowly to questions and commands in the preceding one week prior to admission. Features of secondary parkinsonism was noted during examination. Her blood counts, viral screenings and anti-NMDAR were unremarkable. Her lumbar puncture revealed an opening pressure of 10 cm CSF with normal constituents. The ASO titre was raised up to 400IU/ml. Electroencephalogram (EEG) shows mild encephalopathy changes and MRI brain shows normal finding. She was initially treated initially for meningoencephalitis with intravenous acyclovir 500mg q8h and ceftriaxone 2g q12h, concomitant with intravenous methylprednisolone 1g daily for 3 days. Intravenous immunoglobulin was started on her in view of poor response to the above treatment, which later resulted in significant and rapid clinical improvement. Upon clinic review at 3 months, her tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity resolved. Her medication was able to be weaned off and she was referred to the ENT team for further evaluation for tonsillectomy. This case illustrates the importance of recognising post-streptococcal infection as aetiology of acute parkinsonism in young adults, to avoid treatment delay. As illustrated in our case, the prognosis was excellent with prompt immunomodulatory therapy.
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020;7(2):110-112
Trichobezoar in young Nepalese girl with Rapunzel syndrome: A case report
Authors: R Shrestha , B Nepal , B Purbey , D Khadka , MK Sah , S Baral , J Thapa , B Shrestha , RK Baral , BN Poudel 
Published: January 2021

Trichobezoar is a gastric foreign body that is composed of the patient’s own hair in the stomach. Rapunzel syndrome is an unusual form of trichobezoar in stomach,which extends into any part of the small intestine.We are reporting the case of gastric trichobezoar with thin tail extending into the duodenum in a twenty year oldgirl. She had a history of trichophagia. She presented with epigastric pain and vomiting. Endoscopic removal was attempted but this was unsuccessful. Subsequently the patient underwent exploratory laparotomy and gastrotomy.She recovered well and was discharged with advice for psychiatric consultation.
Bangladesh J Medicine January 2021; 32(1) : 69-72
BEŞERİ SERMAYENİN EKONOMİK BÜYÜMEYE ETKİSİ: EĞİTİM GÖSTERGELERİ İLE AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ ÜLKELERİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: BAYSAL KURT Duygu , GÜVENEK Burcu 
Published: January 2021

Klasik Büyüme Teorilerinden İçsel Büyüme Modellerine kadar ekonomik büyümenin temel kaynağı sermaye birikimi olarak görülmüştür. İçsel Büyüme Modelleri ile beraber ekonomik büyüme sürecine sermaye birikiminin yanında teknolojik gelişme, bilgi birikimi, araştırma-geliştirme faaliyetleri ve beşeri sermaye de dahil edilmiştir.
Beşeri sermaye ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi araştıran birçok çalışma literatürde yerini almaktadır. Bu çalışmaların genel olarak ulaştıkları sonuç beşeri sermayenin ekonomik büyümeyi pozitif olarak etkilediği yönündedir.
Bu çalışmada beşeri sermayenin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak amacıyla beşeri sermayeyi temsil eden eğitim göstergeleri (öğrencilere yapılan finansal yardımların kamu eğitim harcamaları içerisindeki payı, kamu eğitim harcamalarının gayri safi yurtiçi hasılaya oranı, matematik, fen ve teknoloji alanlarından mezun olanların oranı ve 15-24 yaş arası eğitime katılım oranı) kullanılarak 2000-2010 dönemi için Avrupa Birliği ülkeleri üzerine dinamik panel veri analizi yapılmıştır. Ampirik bulgular, kamu eğitim harcamalarının gayri safi yurtiçi hasıladaki payı hariç diğer kullanılan eğitim göstergelerinin ekonomik büyümeyi pozitif etkilediğini göstermiştir.
Influence of Local Sources and Meteorological Parameters on the Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Ultrafine Particles in Augsburg, Germany
Authors: Giemsa Esther , Soentgen Jens , Kusch Thomas , Beck Christoph , Münkel Christoph , Cyrys Josef , Pitz Mike 
Published: January 2021

Ultrafine particles (UFP; diameter less than 100 nm) are ubiquitous in urban air, and an acknowledged risk to human health. At the same time, little is known about the immission situation at typical urban sites such as high-traffic roads, residential areas with a high amount of solid fuels for home heating or commercial and industrial areas due to missing legal requirements for measurements of UFP. Therefore, UFP were measured and evaluated in the (sub-)urban background as well as on spots influenced by these various anthropogenic local sources in the city of Augsburg, Germany, for the year 2017. In particular, the spatial and temporal correlations of the UFP concentrations between the seven measurement sites, the quantification and valuation of the contribution of local emitters with regard to their diurnal, weekly and seasonal variations and the influence of meteorological conditions on the formation and dispersion of UFP were investigated. Our analysis results demonstrate that urban UFP concentrations show a pronounced temporal and spatial variability. The mean concentration level of UFP varies between below 8,000 ultrafine particles/cm3at the suburban background site and above 16,700 ultrafine particles/cm3at the measurement station located next to a busy street canyon. At this particularly traffic-exposed measurement station, maximum concentrations of over 50,000 ultrafine particles/cm3were measured. The additional UFP load caused by intensive traffic volume during evening rush hour in connection with the unfavourable exchange processes in the street canyon can be quantified to concentrations of 14,000 ultrafine particles/cm3on average (compared to the immission situation of the urban background). An aggravating effect is brought about by inversion weather conditions in connection with air-polluted easterly winds, low wind speeds, lack of precipitation and very low mixing layer heights, such as over Augsburg at the end of January 2017, and cause peak concentrations of UFP.