bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration of Antimicrobial Potency of Mangrove Symbiont Against Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Pringgenies Delianis , Setyati Wilis Ari , Djunaedi Ali , Pramesti Rini , Rudiyanti Siti , Ariyanto Dafit 
Published: September 2021

Highlight ResearchAntimicrobial potential against the test microbesRhizhopora mucronata isolate showed 95% homology with Bacillus subtilis, and 97% homology with Bacillus oceanisediminis,Acanthus ilicifolius isolate showed 96% homology with Paracoccus caeni, and 89% homology with Bacillus circulans. The study found 4 isolates with antimicrobial potency against MDR pathogenic microbes.The symbiont microbes taken from Rhizophora mucronata and Acanthus ilicifolius were determined to be of the genus Bacillus and Paracoccus AbstractAntimicrobial property of mangrove symbiont have the ability to fight Multi Drug Resistant bacteria which were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Vibrio haryeyi. This study aimed to determine the potential of symbiont microbes from the root of Rhizopora mucronata and Acanthus iilicifolius as antimicrobial agents against multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogenic microbes. This research was conducted during July to November 2020. The MDR bacteria were S. aureus, E. coli, and V. harveyi MDR test microbes. The symbiont microbes were identified through molecular analyses (PCR 16S rDNA). Isolation of symbiont microbes from R. mucronata resulted in 16 isolates, while isolation from A. iilicifolius resulted in 14 isolates. Based on the antimicrobial qualitative test against S. aureus, 8 out of 16 microbial isolates from R. mucronata were found to show antimicrobial properties. The testing of A. ilicifolius symbiont microbes against S. aureus showed 8 out of 14 isolates with antimicrobial properties. The test against E. coli resulted in 2 out of 16 microbial isolates from R. mucronata and 5 out of 14 isolates from A. ilicifolius with antimicrobial properties. The test against V. harveyi resulted in two out of 16 microbial isolates from R.mucronata and 4 out of 14 isolates from A. ilicifolius with antimicrobial properties. The quantitative test found 2 isolates from R. mucronta, namely isolates RM10 and RM12, with antimicrobial properties against MDR strain E. coli, with the best isolate being RM10, which produced 11.22 mm of inhibition zone diameter. Furthermore, the selection of isolates was based on the size of the inhibition zone, the clearness of the inhibition zone and the potential for antibacterial activity. Based on their overall antimicrobial potential against the test microbes, four isolates were selected. Molecular analyses of RM12 isolate showed 95% homology with Bacillus subtilis, of RM 10 isolate showed 97% homology with Bacillus oceanisediminis, of AC isolate showed 96% homology with Paracoccus caeni, and of AC 5 isolate showed 89% homology with Bacillus circulans. The study found four isolates with antimicrobial potency against MDR pathogenic microbes. The symbiont microbes taken from R. mucronata and A. ilicifolius were determined to be of the genus Bacillus and Paracoccus.
Fatty Acid Profiling of Moina sp. Preserved in Cryoprotective Agents at Low Temperature
Authors: Karim Dr. Nurul Ulfah , Sofian Muhammad Fathi , Yusuf Hanan , Kamal Abu Hena Mustafa 
Published: September 2021

Highlight ResearchSaturated fatty acid (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), ∑ ω6 and ∑ ω3 of Moina sp. preserved with 5, 10 and 20% GLY decreased with prolong storage.FA of Moina sp. preserved with 5, 10 and 20% EG showed a significant reduced only after M3.Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and PUFA of Moina sp. preserved with 5, 10 and 20% DMSO increased significantly (p<0.05) after M3.Moina sp. preserved in 5% DMSO maintain the docosaheaenoic acid (DHA) level, which could be potential method for long-term preservation.AbstractMoina sp. is an important feed for larval and post-larval rearing of aquaculture species. Preservation of Moina sp. using various preservation agents and techniques is known to be less time-consuming procedure in maintaining large number of feed in hatchery management. Hence, this study was carried out to determine the changes of fatty acid (FA) composition of Moina sp. preserved at 5, 10 and 20% in glycerol (GLY), ethylene glycol (EG) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for 1 to 3 months (M1-M3). Moina sp. without cryoprotectant agents stored at -40°C as controls. Saturated fatty acid (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), ∑ ω6 and ∑ ω3 of Moina sp. preserved with 5, 10 and 20% GLY decreased with prolonging storage. FA of Moina sp. preserved with 5, 10 and 20% EG showed a significant reduction only after M3. Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and PUFA of Moina sp. preserved with 5, 10 and 20% DMSO increased significantly (p<0.05) after M3. Moina sp. preserved in 5% DMSO maintain the docosaheaenoic acid (DHA) level, which could be a potential method for long-term preservation.
Negotiating Terrain in Local Governance
Authors: Paul Norvy , Pulla Venkat 
Published: September 2021

Part of Series of Book Edited by Carlos Nunes Silva
ISBN 978-3-030-60663-3
ebook: 106,99 €; hardcover: 135,19 €
Included format: EPUB, PDF
https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783030606626
Publisher: Springer Nature, Switzerland AG 2020
Growth Response of Local Cassava to Cutting Models and the Number of Buds
Authors: Hartati Tri Mulya , Roini Chumidach , Rodianawati Indah 
Published: September 2021

Cassava is one of the local food sources that are widely available in almost every region. Cuttings are used to plant cassava, and these cuttings will produce a number of roots and buds. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cuttings slices model and the number of buds on the growth of Tobelo local varieties of cassava. This study employed a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD), with the cuttings slices model as the first factor, consisting of three levels, namely: flat slice, one-sided slice and two-sided slice. The second factor is the number of buds, which is divided into three levels, 1 bud, 2 buds and 3 buds. The observation parameters in this study include plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter and leaf area. The results have revealed that the model of two-sided sliced cuttings combined with the number of one bud is the most effective treatment in improving the growth of cassava plants of Tobelo local varieties. The models of one-sided and two-sided oblique cuttings slices yield the highest average value for the parameters of plant height, stem diameter and leaf area, while the treatment with one bud tends to give the best results for the growth parameters.
Soil Quality at Rice Fields with Organic, Semi-organic and Inorganic Management in Wonogiri Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Vera Intan Lestari Prima , Purwanto Purwanto 
Published: September 2021

The high demand of rice is fulfilled by intensification, particularly with the use of chemical fertilizer that allegedly causes land and environmental problems in a long term. As public awareness of environmental health rises, more rice fields are managed organically and semi-organically, but there are still many that manage rice fields inorganically. Assessment of soil quality of the three types of rice field management is important to prove that organic rice fields have better soil quality than semi-organic and inorganic rice fields, as well as to evaluate soil conditions on the location. This research was conducted in Girimarto, Wonogiri, Indonesia, using a descriptive explorative method with a survey approach on three points of each management system of rice fields, which are organic, semi-organic and inorganic rice fields. Statistical analysis was performed by Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the indicators affecting soil quality, which are called the minimum data set (MDS). There were selected indicators in this research, including total microbes, base saturation, cation exchangeable capacity and organic carbon. Based on the results of the study, organic rice fields have the best soil quality with a score of soil quality index (SQI) of 2.3, compared to semi-organic rice field SQI (2.2) and inorganic rice field SQI (1.7). The results indicate that organic management contributes to better soil quality and environment.
Effects of Spent and Deoiled Bleaching Earth Filler-Based NPK Fertilization on the Soil Nutrient Status and Growth of Soybean (Glycine max (L. ) Merrill)
Authors: Wisnubroto Muhammad Parikesit , Putra Eka Tarwaca Susila , Kurniasih Budiastuti 
Published: September 2021

<p>The bleaching process at the crude palm oil (CPO) refinery stage is one of the processes sufficient to determine the quality of the cooking oil produced. CPO is refined to eliminate the unacceptable substances before consumption. The process produces spent bleaching earth (SBE) and deoiled bleaching earth (DBE) classified as hazardous and toxic material waste. However, according to several studies, SBE and DBE have the potential as filler materials in NPK fertilizers. This study aimed to study the effect of SBE and DBE filler-based NPK fertilization on the soil nutrient status and growth characteristics of soybean, thereby determining if the SBE and DBE materials can be used to replace some of the filler components in the NPK fertilizers. The study was a single factor experiment arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) consisting of four blocks as replications. The treatments tested were fertilization of 10% bentonite clay mineral filler-based NPK (control), 5% bentonite clay mineral + 5% SBE filler-based NPK and 5% bentonite clay mineral + 5% DBE filler-based NPK. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and tested using LSD test at a 95% confidence level. The results showed that the SBE and DBE materials could partially replace the filler components in bentonite clay filler-based NPK fertilizers, which were shown to have the same effect on soil chemical properties and levels of heavy metals after treatment, levels and uptake of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in plants tissues and growth characteristic in the form of total dry weight.</p>
Yield and Nutritional Quality of Green Leafy Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) under Soilless Culture System Using Various Composition of Growing Media and Vermicompost Rates
Authors: Nurhidayati Nurhidayati , Machfudz Masyhuri , Basit Abdul 
Published: September 2021

<p>Soilless culture system (SCS) production is preferred because it is more hygienic and highly nutritious and free of chemical pesticides. However, the application of organic fertilizers in SCS for green vegetable cultivation is still rarely used. This study was to test various growing media compositions and vermicompost rates on green lettuce's nutritional quality. Four types of growing media (using the mixture of cocopeat, zeolite, rice husk biochar and sand) and five levels of vermicompost rates (50-250 g pot<sup>-1</sup>) were tested. The greatest total fresh weight and marketable yield were found using 55% cocopeat, 30% rice husk biochar and 15% sand with a vermicompost rate of 250 g pot<sup>-1</sup>. The highest nutritional quality of green lettuce as measured by the highest content of chlorophyll A, B, the total chlorophyll and calcium (Ca) was found in the composition of cocopeat 55%, zeolite 30% and sand 15%. As was, the highest mineral content of of potassium (K) and phosphorus (P). Good quality lettuce was found in growing media using 30% biochar with a vermicompost rates of 200-250 g pot<sup>-1</sup> and growing media using 30% zeolite with a vermicompost rates of 150-200 g pot<sup>-1</sup>. Thus, the admixtures of biochar and zeolite into the cocopeat substrate for the soilless culture system of green leafy lettuce significantly affected yield and nutritional quality.</p>
Geophysics in Oman
Authors: Onderwaater Jaap , Wams Jan , Potters Hans 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
To date Petroleum Development Oman has acquired approximately 200,000 kilometers of 2-D and 20,000 square kilometers of 3-D seismic data. Five 3-D and one 2-D crews are operated by contractors. For 3-D surveys PDO uses 2 vibrator source groups recording a “double zig-zag”. The vibrators have GPS systems. The standard spread consists of 4 receiver lines of 120 active channels, spaced 200 meters apart, with receiver spacing of 50 meters. Bin size is 25 by 25 meters, multiplicity is 60 fold and the active spread is 6 kilometers. Most of the seismic data is processed inhouse by CGG. Additionally PDO uses proprietary software for bench-marking, training and attribute studies. Recent lines recorded with vibroseis, rather than thumper, and long offsets (4 to 6 km compared to 2 km) have improved both shallow (1 to 1.5 second) and deep reflections including sub-salt events (&gt;2.5 second). Improved data quality has better imaged exploration targets (e.g. post-salt Haima and intra-salt Athel) and reservoir geometry (e.g. Alkhlata and Gharif). Proper imaging of the Athel silicilyte may require 3-D pre-stack depth migration. The application of other geophysical techniques including gravity, aeromagnetics, seismic attribute analysis and borehole geophysics has also proven useful, particularly where conventional seismic data quality is poor.
The Tórtola Fluvial System: An Analogue for the Upper Gharif of the Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Silva Fernando P. , Martinius Allard W. , Weber Koenraad J. 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT
The late Oligocene to early Miocene Tórtola Fluvial System of the Loranca Basin, Central Iberian Peninsula is interpreted as an analogue outcrop of the upper member of the Gharif Formation in West Central Oman. The analysis of the depositional environment of the Tórtola and its controlling factors are used to understand the three-dimensional architecture of the Upper Gharif. The distribution of facies and sedimentological variability of the Tórtola is presented in terms of numerical data. Thickness variations from 3 to 16 meters, and average widths of approximately 300 meters, of the Gharif channel sandstones in fields located in West Central Oman, are similar to those of the Tórtola succession. A climatic-controlled model is described and used to explain and predict the occurrence, continuity and evolution of sandstone bodies, both laterally and longitudinally.
Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting and Child, Early or Forced Marriages in Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia and Senegal
Authors: Esho Tammary , Matanda Dennis J. , Abuya Timothy , Abebe Sintayehu , Hailu Yeshitila , Camara Khaltoume , Mouhammed Bachir , Kapsandui Tonny , Kamanzi Lilian , Wabwire Andrew , Kagurusi Patrick , Nankanja Maureen , Gitimu Anne , Kawai David , Kogada John , Ondigo Millicent , Osur Joachim 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

The effects of COVID-19 on harmful traditional practices such Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) and Child, Early or Forced Marriages (CEFM) have not been well documented. We examined how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected FGM/C and CEFM in Kenya, Uganda, Senegal, and Ethiopia.
Methods

A cross-sectional study design with a mixed methods approach was used. Household surveys targeting women and men aged 15–49 years in Kenya (n = 312), Uganda (n = 278), Ethiopia (n = 251), and Senegal (n = 208) were conducted. Thirty-eight in-depth interviews with programme implementers and policymakers were carried out in Kenya (n = 17), Uganda (n = 9), Ethiopia (n = 8), and Senegal (n = 4).
Results

In Kenya, the COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to the increase in both FGM/C and CEFM cases. Minimal increase of FGM/C cases was reported in Uganda and a significant increase in CEFM cases. In Ethiopia, the COVID-19 pandemic had a limited effect on changes in FGM/C and CEFM. In Senegal, there were minimal effects of COVID-19 on the number of FGM/C and CEFM cases. The pandemic has negatively affected implementation of interventions by the justice and legal system, the health system, and civil societies.
Conclusions

The pandemic has had varied effects on FGM/C and CEFM across the four countries. Across the four countries, the pandemic has negatively affected implementation of interventions by the various sectors that are responsible for preventing and responding to FGM/C and CEFM. This calls for innovative approaches in intervening in the various communities to ensure that women and girls at risk of FGM/C and CEFM or in need of services are reached during the pandemic. Evidence on how effective alternative approaches such as the use of call centres, radio talk shows and the use of local champions as part of risk communication in preventing and responding to FGM/C and CEFM amid COVID-19 is urgently required.
Impact of Transitioning to Virtual Delivery of a Cardiovascular Health Improvement Program for Latinos During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Iglesias Amelia , Ambrose Ashley , Coronel-Mockler Stephanie , Kilbourn Kristin , Bonaca Marc P , Estacio Raymond O. , Krantz Mori J 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Community Heart Health Actions for Latinos at Risk (CHARLAR) is a promotora-led cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk-reduction program for socio-demographically disadvantaged Latinos and consists of 11 skill-building sessions. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to worsening health status in U.S. adults and necessitated transition to virtual implementation of the CHARLAR program. Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate virtual delivery of CHARLAR. Changes in health behaviors were assessed through a pre/post program survey. Results from virtual and historical (in-person delivery) were compared. Key informant interviews were conducted with promotoras and randomly selected participants and then coded and analyzed using a thematic approach.Results: An increase in days of exercise per week (+1.52), daily servings of fruit (+0.60) and vegetables (+0.56), and self-reported general health (+0.38), were observed in the virtual cohort [all p<0.05]. A numeric decrease in PHQ-8 (-1.07 p= .067) was also noted. The historical cohort showed similar improvements from baseline in days of exercise per week (+0.91), daily servings of fruit (+0.244) and vegetables (+0.282), and PHQ-8 (-1.89) [all p<0.05]. Qualitative interviews revealed that the online format provided valuable tools supporting positive behavior change. Despite initial discomfort and technical challenges, promotoras and participants adapted and deepened valued relationships through additional virtual support. Conclusion: Improved health behaviors and CVD risk factors were successfully maintained through virtual delivery of the CHARLAR program. Optimization of virtual health programs like CHARLAR has the potential to increase reach and improve CVD risk among vulnerable Latinos.
Universe: the dynamics of the minimum and maximum expansion states
Authors: Petrakis Sócrates 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Two hypotheses stand out in describing the evolution of the Universe. The predominant one predicts that the current expansion began at a certain instant and will not preserve any variation of energy that performs work; apparent flat Universe (Ω = 1) is advocated by relativistic calculations and observational data, with an end or thermal death at its maximum expansion (3D Space). The other hypothesis considers that the Universe is cyclical (always alternating phases of expansion and contraction). This proposal aims to demonstrate that both hypotheses can be correct by not being distinct, but complementary. Supported by the immutability of physical laws, analyses of concepts such as space, mass, energy, gravity, spin, and entropy define an exclusive presence of 1D Space in the minimum and maximum expansion states of the Universe. With our 3D Space Universe created and existing between these extreme states, every dynamic is outlined and completes the usual relativity. The concept of complete rest energy (1D Space) was able to be applied, demonstrating that the complete evolution of the Universe is spatially dynamic in a perpetual time dimension, always recreating our Universe.
Two-step regulation of centromere distribution by condensin II and the nuclear envelope proteins
Authors: Sakamoto Takuya , Sakamoto Yuki , Grob Stefan , Yamashita Tomoe , Ito Nanami , Oko Yuka , Sugiyama Tomoya , Higaki Takumi , Hasezawa Seiichiro , Tanaka Maho , Matsui Akihiro , Seki Motoaki , Suzuki Takamasa , Grossniklaus Ueli , Matsunaga Sachihiro 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The arrangement of centromeres within the nucleus differs among species and cell types. However, neither the mechanisms determining centromere distribution nor its biological significance are currently well understood. In this study, we demonstrate the importance of centromere distribution for the maintenance of genome integrity through the cytogenic and molecular analysis of mutants defective in centromere distribution. We propose a two-step regulatory mechanism that shapes the non-Rabl-like centromere distribution in Arabidopsis thaliana through condensin II and the linker of the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex. Condensin II is enriched at centromeres and, in cooperation with the LINC complex, induces the scattering of centromeres around the nuclear periphery during late anaphase/telophase. Then, after entering interphase, the positions of the scattered centromeres are stabilized by nuclear lamina proteins of the CROWDED NUCLEI (CRWN) family. We also found that, despite their strong impact on centromere distribution, condensin II and CRWNs have little effect on chromatin organization involved in the control of gene expression, indicating the robustness of chromatin organization regardless of the type of centromere distribution.