bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mathematical modeling of physically nonlinear 3D beams and plates made of multimodulus materials
Authors: Krysko A. V. , Awrejcewicz J. , Bodyagina K. S. , Zhigalov M. V. , Krysko V. A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this work, mathematical models of physically nonlinear plates and beams made from multimodulus materials are constructed. Our considerations are based on the 3D deformation theory of plasticity, the von Mises plasticity criterion and the method of variable parameters of the theory of elasticity developed by Birger. The proposed theory and computational algorithm enable for solving problems of three types of boundary conditions, edge conditions and arbitrary lateral load distribution. The problem is solved by the finite element method (FEM), and its convergence and the reliability of the results are investigated. Based on numerical experiments, the influence of multimodulus characteristics of the material of the beam and the plate on their stress–strain states under the action of transverse loads is illustrated and discussed.
Selected clinical parameters and changes in cardiac morphology and function assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis without clinically apparent heart disease
Authors: Tański Wojciech , Gać Paweł , Chachaj Angelika , Sobieszczańska Małgorzata , Poręba Rafał , Szuba Andrzej 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and the cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) changes in people without clinically overt heart disease.

Methods
The study group consisted of 74 people (48.81 ± 11.35 years): 29 patients with RA, 23 patients with AS and 22 people from control group. Blood samples were taken to assess laboratory parameters, disease activity was determined using activity scales, and CMR was performed.

Results
It was shown that the factors independently related to higher left ventricular mass index are AS occurrence, human B27 leukocyte antigen occurrence, higher neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin concentration (NGAL) and higher body mass index (BMI). The lower right ventricular ejection fraction is result of an independent effect of RA, AS and higher NGAL. RA presence, methotrexate use, higher rheumatoid factor titer, higher NGAL, older age and higher BMI should be considered independent risk factors for greater left ventricular myocardium water content. RA occurrence, AS occurrence, type 2 diabetes occurrence and a higher C-reactive protein concentration can be independently associated with a higher probability of non-ischemic left ventricular myocardium injury. Larger pericardial fluid volume is result of an independent effect of higher NGAL, higher anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies titer and higher DAS28 disease activity index. Use of steroids is protective factor against larger volume of pericardial fluid.

Conclusions
RA and AS in people without clinically apparent heart disease are associated with the occurrence of adverse changes in CMR.

Key Points•RA and AS in people without clinically apparent heart disease are associated with the occurrence of adverse changes in CMR..•The independent risk factors for higher LVEF are AS occurrence, human B27 leukocyte antigen occurrence, higher NGAL concentration and higher BMI..•RA presence, methotrexate use, higher RF, higher NGAL, older age and higher BMI are independent risk factors for higher LV T2 ratio..•RA occurrence, AS occurrence, type 2 diabetes occurrence and a higher CRP are independently associated with a higher risk of non-ischemic LV myocardium injury..
Clothoid fitting and geometric Hermite subdivision
Authors: Reif Ulrich , Weinmann Andreas 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe consider geometric Hermite subdivision for planar curves, i.e., iteratively refining an input polygon with additional tangent or normal vector information sitting in the vertices. The building block for the (nonlinear) subdivision schemes we propose is based on clothoidal averaging, i.e., averaging w.r.t. locally interpolating clothoids, which are curves of linear curvature. To this end, we derive a new strategy to approximate Hermite interpolating clothoids. We employ the proposed approach to define the geometric Hermite analogues of the well-known Lane-Riesenfeld and four-point schemes. We present numerical results produced by the proposed schemes and discuss their features.
Activity coefficient models for accurate prediction of adsorption azeotropes
Authors: Luberti Mauro , Mennitto Roberto , Brandani Stefano , Santori Giulio , Sarkisov Lev 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this study seven adsorption azeotropes involving binary systems and zeolite-based adsorbents were systematically investigated. Pure component isotherms and mixed-gas adsorption data were taken from published literature except for the benzene–propene system on silicalite, which is newly presented in this work using molecular simulations. Experimental adsorbed phase composition and total amount adsorbed of the azeotropic systems were compared with the predictions of several models including: the ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST), the heterogeneous ideal adsorbed solution theory (HIAST) and the real adsorbed solution theory (RAST) coupled with the 1-parameter Margules (1-Margules) and the van Laar equations. In the latter two models an additional loading parameter was incorporated in the expression of the excess Gibbs energy to account for the reduced grand potential dependency of the activity coefficients in the adsorbed phase. It was found that the HIAST and RAST–1-Margules models were able to predict the azeotropic behaviour of some systems with good accuracy. However, only the RAST–van Laar model consistently showed an average relative deviation below 3% compared to experimental data for both the adsorbed phase composition and the total amount adsorbed across the systems. This modified van Laar equation is therefore preferable in those engineering applications when the location of adsorption azeotropes is required with great accuracy and when there is lack of detailed characterization of the adsorbent that is needed to carry out molecular simulations.
The size-dependent elastohydrodynamic lubrication contact of a coated half-plane with non-Newtonian fluid
Authors: Su Jie , Song Hongxia , Ke Liaoliang , Aizikovich S. M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBased on the couple-stress theory, the elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) contact is analyzed with a consideration of the size effect. The lubricant between the contact surface of a homogeneous coated half-plane and a rigid punch is supposed to be the non-Newtonian fluid. The density and viscosity of the lubricant are dependent on fluid pressure. Distributions of film thickness, in-plane stress, and fluid pressure are calculated by solving the nonlinear fluid-solid coupled equations with an iterative method. The effects of the punch radius, size parameter, coating thickness, slide/roll ratio, entraining velocity, resultant normal load, and stiffness ratio on lubricant film thickness, in-plane stress, and fluid pressure are investigated. The results demonstrate that fluid pressure and film thickness are obviously dependent on the size parameter, stiffness ratio, and coating thickness.
An adaptive parallel algorithm for finite language decomposition
Authors: Jastrzęb Tomasz , Czech Zbigniew J. , Wieczorek Wojciech 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe computationally hard problem of finite language decomposition is investigated. A finite language L is decomposable if there are two languages L1 and L2 such that L = L1L2. Otherwise, L is prime. The main contribution of the paper is an adaptive parallel algorithm for finding all decompositions L1L2 of L. The algorithm is based on an exhaustive search and incorporates several original methods for pruning the search space. Moreover, the algorithm is adaptive since it changes its behavior based on the runtime acquired data related to its performance. Comprehensive computational experiments on more than 4000 benchmark languages generated over alphabets of various sizes have been carried out. The experiments showed that by using the power of parallel computing the decompositions of languages containing more than 200000 words can be found. Decompositions of languages of that size have not been reported in the literature so far.
The association of socioeconomic status on treatment strategy in patients with stage I and II breast cancer in the Netherlands
Authors: Filipe M. D. , Siesling S. , Vriens M. R. , van Diest P. , Witkamp A. J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have shown that socioeconomic status (SES) influences breast cancer therapy. However, these studies were performed in countries with unequal access to healthcare. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate whether SES also contributes to the likelihood of receiving a certain therapy in the Netherlands, a country with supposedly equal access to healthcare.

Materials and methods
From the Netherlands Cancer Registry, 105,287 patients with newly diagnosed stage I or II breast cancer diagnosed between 2011 and 2018 were selected for analysis. SES was calculated from the average incomes of each postal code, which were divided into 10 deciles. Primary outcome was the effect of SES on the likelihood of undergoing surgery and secondary outcome was the effect of SES on the likelihood of the type of surgery. Both outcomes were corrected for patient, tumor, and hospital characteristics and were expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
SES did not affect the likelihood of a breast cancer patient to undergo surgery (OR 1.00 per 10% stratum). In contrast, increased age and higher tumor stage were the most important factors determining whether patients underwent surgery.
Patients with higher SES were less likely to undergo mastectomy (OR 0.98). Additionally, more recently diagnosed patients were less likely to undergo mastectomy (OR 0.93 per year) while patients with higher tumor stage were more likely to undergo mastectomy (OR 3.42).

Conclusion
SES does not affect whether a patient undergoes surgery; however, higher SES increased the likelihood of BCT.
Psychological Symptoms in Italian, Spanish and Portuguese Youth During the COVID-19 Health Crisis: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Orgilés Mireia , Francisco Rita , Delvecchio Elisa , Espada José P. , Mazzeschi Claudia , Pedro Marta , Morales Alexandra 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAiming to slow down the spread of the COVID-19, a lockdown was declared in the first term of 2020 in many European countries, applying different restrictions measures. Although the psychological effects of home confinement in children have been described, there is a lack of longitudinal research examining the impact of the confinement over time. The present study analyzes the evolution of the psychological wellbeing of children and adolescents from three European countries with different restrictions. Parents of 624 Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese children and adolescents aged 3 to 18 years old completed the “Impact Scale of COVID-19 and Home Confinement on Children and Adolescents” two, five, and eight weeks after the lockdown. Results show a different pattern for each country. Children from Italy, the first European country that applied a lockdown, were better adapted than Spanish and Portuguese children the first two weeks after confinement but they were more psychologically impacted by home confinement at the eight-week assessment. Portuguese children, who followed a general duty of home confinement, were the best adapted to the situation, with no significant differences over time. A significant change was found in anxiety symptoms in Spanish children, with a decrease at the last assessment. Findings suggest that long confinements and hard restrictions affect children, so prevention measures should be applied during confinements to prevent psychological problems in children.
Individual differences limit predicting well-being and productivity using software repositories: a longitudinal industrial study
Authors: Kuutila Miikka , Mäntylä Mika , Claes Maëlick , Elovainio Marko , Adams Bram 
Published: June 2021

AbstractReports of poor work well-being and fluctuating productivity in software engineering have been reported in both academic and popular sources. Understanding and predicting these issues through repository analysis might help manage software developers’ well-being. Our objective is to link data from software repositories, that is commit activity, communication, expressed sentiments, and job events, with measures of well-being obtained with a daily experience sampling questionnaire. To achieve our objective, we studied a single software project team for eight months in the software industry. Additionally, we performed semi-structured interviews to explain our results. The acquired quantitative data are analyzed with generalized linear mixed-effects models with autocorrelation structure. We find that individual variance accounts for most of the R2 values in models predicting developers’ experienced well-being and productivity. In other words, using software repository variables to predict developers’ well-being or productivity is challenging due to individual differences. Prediction models developed for each developer individually work better, with fixed effects R2 value of up to 0.24. The semi-structured interviews give insights into the well-being of software developers and the benefits of chat interaction. Our study suggests that individualized prediction models are needed for well-being and productivity prediction in software development.
Responsible AI for Digital Health: a Synthesis and a Research Agenda
Authors: Trocin Cristina , Mikalef Patrick , Papamitsiou Zacharoula , Conboy Kieran 
Published: June 2021

AbstractResponsible AI is concerned with the design, implementation and use of ethical, transparent, and accountable AI technology in order to reduce biases, promote fairness, equality, and to help facilitate interpretability and explainability of outcomes, which are particularly pertinent in a healthcare context. However, the extant literature on health AI reveals significant issues regarding each of the areas of responsible AI, posing moral and ethical consequences. This is particularly concerning in a health context where lives are at stake and where there are significant sensitivities that are not as pertinent in other domains outside of health. This calls for a comprehensive analysis of health AI using responsible AI concepts as a structural lens. A systematic literature review supported our data collection and sampling procedure, the corresponding analysis, and extraction of research themes helped us provide an evidence-based foundation. We contribute with a systematic description and explanation of the intellectual structure of Responsible AI in digital health and develop an agenda for future research.
Practical identifiability of electrochemical P2D models for lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Laue Vincent , Röder Fridolin , Krewer Ulrike 
Published: June 2021

AbstractElectrochemical models play a significant role in today’s rapid development and enhancement of lithium-ion batteries. For instance, they are applied for design and process optimization. More recently, model and parameter identifiability are gaining interest as thorough model parameterization is key to reliable simulation results. Especially electrochemical models are often prone to unidentifiability and overfitting due to their high number of adjustable parameters. In this article, the most common electrochemical peudo-2D model of a lithium-ion battery is parameterized. A three-step procedure is applied which considers quasi-static 3-electrode measurements of the open-circuit potential, C-rate tests, and electrochemical impedance spectra. Identifiability of each step is discussed in-depth and a general guidance for future parameterizations is derived. The conducted study reveals the insufficiency of open-circuit potential and C-rate tests to fully parameterize the electrochemical model. Highly dynamic tests, e.g., impedance spectroscopy, are required to resolve the ambiguity of diffusive and electric processes under quasi-static conditions. Any parameterization of electrochemical models requires experimental data of electrode-resolved tests, as well as a combination of quasi-static and highly dynamic tests. The results of this study provide guidance for the use of electrochemical models in applied sciences and industry.Graphic abstract
General nucleation-growth type kinetic models of nanoparticle formation: possibilities of finding analytical solutions
Authors: Szabó Rebeka , Lente Gábor 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this work, analytical solutions for the time dependences for the concentration of each chemical species are determined in a class of nucleation-growth type kinetic models of nanoparticle formation. These models have an infinitely large number of dependent variables and describe the studied process without approximations. Symbolic solutions are found for the mass kernel (where reactivity is directly proportional to the mass of a nanoparticle) and the diffusion kernel (where reactivity is independent of the size of the nanoparticle). The results show that the average particle size is primarily determined by the type of the kernel function and the ratio of the rate constants of spontaneous nucleation and particle growth. The final distribution of nanoparticle sizes is a continuously decreasing function in each studied case. Furthermore, the time dependences of the concentrations of monomeric units show the induction behavior that has already been observed in many experimental studies.
Solving Mixed Variational Inequalities Beyond Convexity
Authors: Grad Sorin-Mihai , Lara Felipe 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe show that Malitsky’s recent Golden Ratio Algorithm for solving convex mixed variational inequalities can be employed in a certain nonconvex framework as well, making it probably the first iterative method in the literature for solving generalized convex mixed variational inequalities, and illustrate this result by numerical experiments.
Agroecology landscapes
Authors: Jeanneret Ph. , Aviron S. , Alignier A. , Lavigne C. , Helfenstein J. , Herzog F. , Kay S. , Petit S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractContextAgroecology combines agronomic and ecological concepts. It relies on the enhancement of biodiversity and related ecosystem services to support agricultural production. It is dependent on biological interactions for the design and management of agricultural systems in agricultural landscapes.ObjectivesWe review the role of landscape ecology to understand and promote biodiversity, pest regulation and crop pollination for the designing of “agroecology landscapes”. We illustrate the use of landscape ecological methods for supporting agroforestry systems as an example of agroecological development, and we propose pathways to implement agroecology at landscape scale.MethodsThe state of the art of how landscape ecology contributes to agroecology development is summarized based on a literature review.ResultsAgroecology requires thinking beyond the field scale to consider the positioning, quality and connectivity of fields and semi-natural habitats at larger spatial scales. The spatial and temporal organisation of semi-natural elements and the crop mosaic interact. Understanding this interaction is the pre-requisite for promoting patterns and mechanisms that foster biodiversity and ecosystem service provision. Promoting agroecological practices beyond individual farm borders can be rooted in a bottom-up approach from agroecological lighthouse farms to farm networks to amplify agroecology adoption at the landscape scale.ConclusionsAchieving agricultural landscapes composed of fields and farms following agroecological management requires understanding of biodiversity patterns, biological interactions and mechanisms that determine and boost ecosystem functioning to improve services at landscape scale, involving farmers in a bottom-up and context-specific approach.
Orangutan movement and population dynamics across human-modified landscapes: implications of policy and management
Authors: Seaman Dave J. I. , Voigt Maria , Bocedi Greta , Travis Justin M. J. , Palmer Stephen C. F. , Ancrenaz Marc , Wich Serge , Meijaard Erik , Bernard Henry , Deere Nicolas J. , Humle Tatyana , Struebig Matthew J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractContextAgricultural expansion is a leading cause of deforestation and habitat fragmentation globally. Policies that support biodiversity and facilitate species movement across farmland are therefore central to sustainability efforts and wildlife conservation in these human-modified landscapes.ObjectivesWe investigated the conservation impact of several potential management scenarios on animal populations and movement in a human-modified tropical landscape, focusing on the critically endangered Bornean orangutan,Pongo pygmaeus.MethodsWe used an individual-based modelling platform to simulate population dynamics and movements across four possible landscape management scenarios for a highly modified oil palm-dominated landscape in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo.ResultsScenarios that maximised the retention of natural forest remnants in agricultural areas through sustainability certification standards supported stable orangutan populations. These populations were up to 45% larger than those supported under development-focused scenarios, where forest retention was not prioritised. The forest remnants served as corridors or stepping-stones, increasing annual emigration rates across the landscape, and reducing orangutan mortality by up to 11%. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that this outcome was highly contingent on minimising mortality during dispersal.ConclusionsManagement that promotes maximising natural forest cover through certification, such as that promoted by the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil, can maintain viable orangutan populations over the lifespan of an oil palm plantation and facilitate movement among otherwise isolated populations. However, minimising hunting and negative human–orangutan interactions, while promoting peaceful co-existence between apes and people, will be imperative to insure positive conservation outcomes.
Robust optimization of stiff delayed systems: application to a fluid catalytic cracking unit
Authors: Otten-Weinschenker Jonas , Mönnigmann Martin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe apply a robust steady state optimization method for stiff delay differential equations to the economic optimization of a fluidized catalytic cracking unit. Stiff systems of differential equations appear in this case due to the different time scales in the gas and fluid phase. Delays result from the catalyst hold-ups in the standpipes connecting riser and regenerator. We show that the proposed robust optimization method can cope with stiffness and delays. Moreover, the proposed method is capable of simultaneously optimizing the process parameters and tuning controller parameters.