bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
<i>Сlostridium difficile</i> Infection in a COVID-19 Patient
Authors: Timofeeva A. A. , Shulpekova Yu. O. , Nechaev V. M. , Skhirtladze M. R. 
Published: October 2021

Aim. The clinical observation highlights plausible compound origins of diarrhoea, fever and neutrophilic leucocytosis in COVID-19 and the rationale to exclude Clostridium difficile infection in such patients.Key points. A 57-yo female patient was admitted in May 2020 with the complaints of 39 °C fever, general weakness, polymyalgia, diarrhoea to 3–4 times a day (mushy stool, no morbid inclusions). Initial diarrhoea was non-severe and likely triggered by the coronavirus infection. A background antibiotic and putative-immunosuppressive therapy proceeded with watery diarrhoea to 7–8 times a day and C. difficile toxins A and B detected in stool. The C. difficile infection relapsed on day 10 of vancomycin withdrawal and associated with elevated body temperature, diarrhoea and neutrophil leucocytosis; signs of colitis determined in ultrasound and CT. Exacerbation was successfully treated in a repeated metronidazole-combined vancomycin course.Conclusion. Patients with COVID-19 are at risk of clostridial colitis due to massive antibiotic, systemic glucocorticoid and biologics-based therapy they receive. The opportunistic bacterial infection of C. difficile often proceeds undetected due to its potential mirroring of COVID-19 presentation. A screening algorithm in COVID-19 patients with diarrhoea should imply steps for C. difficile detection.
HBV - infection in children with perinatal infection. Clinical report of familial hepatitis B
Authors: Shilova I. V. , Ostankova Yu. V. , Goryacheva L. G. , Semenov A. V. 
Published: October 2021

Hepatitis B, despite of being a controlled infection today, is one of the most common form of hepatitis in the world. According to the experts' evaluation there are about 3 million patients with chronic hepatitis B in our country. The global strategy of the World Health Organization includes the elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030.The program used in the North-West Federal District to eliminate acute hepatitis B has reduced the incidence rate due to the widespread vaccination coverage of children and the annual increase in adult immunization coverage.However, the relevance of HBV-infection in children still remains high which is associated with a high infection by hepatitis B virus in women of childbearing age and the possibility of the transmission of the infection from mother to her child. In case of perinatal infection the formation of chronic hepatitis B in children reaches up to 90%. The natural course of chronic hepatitis B is characterized by a change in pathogenetically determined phases, and HBsAg-negative infection, which is a latent (occult) form of hepatitis, was added to them in 2009. Occult hepatitis B is an epidemiological danger, for the child as well, if the mother suffers from this form of chronic hepatitis B. Monitoring of pregnant women is often limited to identifying only HBsAg, which is not enough to detect occult hepatitis B. Lately diagnosed occult HBV-infection can become a source of the infection for the baby, especially in cases when due to some reasons there are disorders in hepatitis B vaccination schedule after birth. The article presents an interesting clinical case of family hepatitis B.
Diagnostic markers in the aspect of the development of HIV-encephalopathy in children
Authors: Saidkhodjaeva S. N. , Madjidova E. N. , Yuldashev K. Kh. 
Published: October 2021

The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic markers in children with HIV —encephalopathy (HIVE) with varying degrees of severity.Material and methods of research: The study included 260 children (153 boys — 58.85% and 107 girls —41.7%) with HIV-positive status and receiving antiretroviral therapy according to an individually selected scheme for at least 6 months. All children included in the study showed signs of HIV encephalopathy. The activity response was assessed by the concentration of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha, C-reactive protein, C3, C4 components of the complement (immunofelometric analysis).Results: The study of the activity response in children with HIV encephalopathy found that the concentration of TNF —alpha and IL-6 were increased, compared, to the reference values (12.67±0.25 PG/ml and 23.04±0.64 PG/ml, respectively, with reference values of less than 8.1 PG/ml and 7pg/ml, respectively), and the concentration of IL-10 was reduced (5.93±0.10 PG/ml with a reference value of more than 9.1 PG/ml). The study analyzed the predictor significance of various parameters response in the aspect of the development of symptomatic HIV- encephalopathy. A comparative analysis of the concentration markers was performed, and the incidence of symptomatic HIV —encephalopathy was determined depending on the diagnostic concentration of the diagnostic marker. This finding is probably explained by the effector role of systemic inflammation in the development of damage to the Central nervous system.Conclusion. The maximum predictor significance in the aspect of the development of symptomatic HIV -encephalopathy was found in proinflammatory cytokines: an increase in IL-6 concentration above 19.6 PG / ml is associated with an increase in the risk of developing symptomatic HIV encephalopathy by 9.14 times, and an increase in TNF -alpha concentration above 12.5 PG/ml by 4.07 times (p<0.001 for both factors).
Features of application of raltegravir in HIV-infected patients with different somatic pathologies
Authors: Sizova N. V. , Obizhaeva E. S. , Mayorova S. O. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose of the study. Evaluation of the efficacy, safety and tolerability of raltegravir regimens in HIV-infected patients with concomitant pathology in real clinical practice.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis was carried out of 277 outpatient records of HIV-infected patients who received raltegravir (RAL) as a third component both in patients without previous experience of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and in patients with experience of treatment with various somatic pathologies. The main criterion for the effectiveness of the scheme was the proportion of patients with undetectable viral load at the start of the analysis. Additional criteria for evaluating the efficacy and safety of the regimen were the dynamics of the number of CD4-lymphocytes, the frequency and nature of undesirable side reactions.Results. On average, patients with no experience of treatment and with experience of treatment received regimens with raltegravir for about 5 years. At the time of the study in 2020, 69.8% of patients on ART for the first time continued to take a regimen containing raltegravir. In this group, the proportion of patients with virological suppression (PCR of HIV RNA less than 50 kopecks / ml) was 97.7%. 75.2% of patients in the second group in 2020 continued to take the RAL regimen. The proportion of patients with virological suppression (VL less than 50 kopecks / ml) in this group was 97.5%. During the treatment, there was no discontinuation of the regimen in both groups due to undesirable side reactions to raltegravir.Conclusion. The results of this study confirm that RAL-based regimens provide a high level of efficacy with a good tolerance and safety profile in routine clinical practice for both naive and experienced patients with various somatic pathologies.
On Reactive Force in Thin Unclosed Conductor and Displacement Current
Authors: Gerasimov Sergey A. 
Published: October 2021

The linear momentum density carried by electromagnetic fields creates the hidden force acting on the displacement current between ends of an unclosed conductor with alternative electric current. This force compensates the self-force exerted by the unclosed conductor with zero thin. The magnetic field produced by displacement current does not contribute to the force acting on the conductor. The unclosed conductor can move under action of the self-force.
At small heights of cylindrical open conductor, the reactive force equivalent to the self-force becomes very large
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN TENTANG PASAR MODAL SYARIAH TERHADAP MINAT INVESTASI SAHAM DI PASAR MODAL SYARIAH
Authors: Malkan  , Indra Kurniawan  , Nurdin  , Noval  
Published: October 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan tentang pasar modal syariah terhadap minat investasi saham di pasar modal syariah Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian verifikatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi sebanyak 790 responden, sampel sebanyak 89 responden dengan menggunakan pengambilan sampel non Porbability sampling, yakni teknik purposive sampling. Variabel independen yaitu pengetahuan tentang pasar modal syariah (X) dan variabel dependen yaitu minat investasi saham di Pasar Modal Syariah (Y). Pengumpulan data menggunakan dua teknik yaitu kepustakaan dan kuesioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis regresi linear sederhana yang mempunyai bentuk persamaan Y= a + bX dengan bantuan program komputer IBM SPSS for Windows Relese 21.0. Untuk menganalisis pengaruh variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen digunakan uji-t. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh pengetahuan tentang pasar modal syariah memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap minat investasi saham dipasar modal syariah pada mahasiswa FEBI IAIN Palu angkatan 2017-2018, dengan nilai signifikan 0,000 < 0,05, serta nilai thitung 8,734 > nilai ttabel 1,663. Implikasi dalam penelitian ini adalah bagi mahasiswa terlebih dahulu harus menggali, mengetahui dan memahami berbagai informasi tentang pasar modal syariah sebelum berinvestasi saham di pasar modal syariah.
Russia's ‘Sharp Power’ Manifestations in Lithuania's Mass Media
Authors: Jakštaitė-Confortola Gerda 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The concept of ‘sharp power’ has recently emerged as a reaction to the assertiveness of authoritarian regimes. It serves to underline the complexity of challenges which are posed by authoritarian regimes, referring to diverse front lines in the overall ‘battle’, be they culture, education, or the media. The latter, according to Dmitri Trenin, “has become such a crowded battlefield”. This paper attempts to fill in the information gap regarding Russia’s ‘sharp power’ manifestations in Lithuania’s mass media and focuses on NATO related messages in particular. The paper presupposes that messages which evoke an air of support for Russia’s foreign and security policy tend to pass through to Lithuania’s mass media, and argues that, as a result of the insufficient activity by Lithuania’s mass media in terms of forming an independent perception of Russia vis-à-vis NATO, the preconditions for possible manifestations of Russia’s use of sharp power are therefore created. The article is organised into four parts. The first section sets out a theoretical framework for the analysis which focuses on the concept of sharp power. Then the research methodology is outlined. The third section presents features of the informational environment of Lithuania in 2016 and 2019. The final, and most elaborated, section investigates messages which apparently serve to support Russia’s foreign and security policy in terms of the NATO‘s topic in Lithuania’s mass media based on the aforementioned criteria.
On the completeness of total spaces of horizontally conformal submersions
Authors: Abbassi Mohamed Tahar Kadaoui , Lakrini Ibrahim 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we address the completeness problem of certain classes of Riemannian metrics on vector bundles. We first establish a general result on the completeness of the total space of a vector bundle when the projection is a horizontally conformal submersion with a bound condition on the dilation function, and in particular when it is a Riemannian submersion. This allows us to give completeness results for spherically symmetric metrics on vector bundle manifolds and eventually for the class of Cheeger-Gromoll and generalized Cheeger-Gromoll metrics on vector bundle manifolds. Moreover, we study the completeness of a subclass of g-natural metrics on tangent bundles and we extend the results to the case of unit tangent sphere bundles. Our proofs are mainly based on techniques of metric topology and on the Hopf-Rinow theorem.
Art and Image in Henri Maldiney's Aesthetics
Authors: Moreira do Carmo Alexandra M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In the debate over the ontological structures of the entity that exists as being-in-the-world, the French philosopher Henri Maldiney focuses his theoretical developments on the unintentional and pre-predicative dimension of experience, where sensing (sentir) takes its origin, and based on which the Existentials of “encounter”, “surprise” and “rhythm”, that are key to understanding the aesthetic-artistic experience, are explained in the horizon of transpassibility and transpossibility. Given that that dimension is the privileged field of encounter with art, this paper will raise the question of the nexus of the articulation between art and image. This question will be developed through the opposition of form and image, of the reality of image and the image of reality, and the aesthetic vision and imaginative vision. In this analysis, we will rely upon the Heideggerian conception of Existence, as well as some of Husserl’s and the neuro-psychiatrist Erwin Straus’s researches into the passive dimension of experience, with the purpose of showing how Maldiney, starting from them, contributed in a singular and significant way to the deepening of that unintentional dimension of existence which he calls “pathic”.
Evaluation of an Asphalt Mixture Containing a High Content of Reclaimed Asphalt and Different Crumb Rubber Modified Binders
Authors: Belhaj Majda , Vacková Pavla , Valentin Jan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Recently, environmental concerns have become a primary driving force in most countries and industries dealing with natural resources. As a part of this category, asphalt pavement industry is trying to implement more green and sustainable features in its products, while maintaining the mechanical and performance-based properties of the resulting asphalt mixtures. Among potential recycled materials, vehicle tires and aged asphalt pavement have been demonstrated to show economic, ecological, and behavioral improvements in the mixtures. However, mixtures with a high content of reclaimed asphalt (RA) and crumb rubber present some limitations. Therefore, using another group of additives, i.e., a warm mix asphalt (WMA) additive, has been considered. The presented paper investigates the use of an elevated content of RA with different crumb rubber modified binders and (in some mixtures) a warm mix additive in an asphalt concrete (AC) binder mix. Regular empirical tests have been conducted and more advanced performance or functional characteristics, i.e., stiffness, thermal induced cracking, resistance to permanent deformation, complex modulus have been determined and evaluated. Selected results are presented in the paper.
International legal aspects of the Eurasian Economic Union Foreign Trade Policy
Authors: Turlanov D. A. , Turlanova I. M. 
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION. The Eurasian economic union (EAEU) institutions have a huge competence delegated by the EAEU Member-States. Effective implementation of such competence, especially in foreign trade, entails relevant international activity of the EAEU institutions. In this connection the article analyses international capability of the EAEU, relevant experience of the European Union as well as actual status and perspectives of the EAEU international activity in foreign trade.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The research is based on the analysis of the EAEU legislation, recent works of relevant researchers, experience of the European Union in respect of international cooperation. Methodological instruments are analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction and analogy.RESEARCH RESULTS. Successful development of foreign trade activity of the EAEU Member-States depends on effectiveness of the EAEU international activity. The research shows that EAEU international activity in foreign trade is not as effective as it could be. This has a negative impact on foreign market accessibility for the EAEU Member-States goods. In view of the above a thorough research of appropriate EU legal base was conducted. It shows, that effectiveness of the EU in promotion of its interests on the international stage, including in the foreign trade, is based on relevant legal mechanisms, which allows to take into account both positions of the EU and its Member-States. Such experience with combination of the specific characters of Eurasian integration will help to make necessary amendments to the EAEU legal base to increase its effectiveness.DISCUSSION AND CONLUSIONS. The author makes conclusion on the necessity of amendments to the EAEU international activity legal base, with use of the researched European Union experience. In particular, the EAEU institutions need additional competence for more independence and flexibility at international level. This will improve the EAEU international activity, including conclusion of free trade agreements (regardless of concluded agreements of the EAEU, the scale of international activity of the EAEU is not comparable with the European Union’s one), create conditions for export promotion, and help to strengthen the EAEU image as independent participant of international relations.
Impact of delayed diagnosis on catch-up growth of children and adolescents with primary hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Authors: Madu Archana , Prasad Hemchand Krishna , Thiagarajan Anand , Narayanasamy Kannan , Krishnamoorthy Nedunchelian 
Published: October 2021

Objectives:
There is a paucity of data on impact of therapy of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) on catch-up growth. The objective of the study was to determine whether delayed diagnosis of HT and overt primary hypothyroidism has an impact on the catch-up of children and adolescents.

Material and Methods:
We conducted a prospective observational study over 3 years, in the thyroid clinic of a referral unit in South India. We assessed chronological age (CA), auxological parameters, clinical presentation, bone age (BA), and predicted adult height (PAH) in subjects with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and overt primary hypothyroidism. Management and follow-up done as per standard protocols and study parameters reassessed after 1 year of therapy.

Results:
We recruited 38 subjects and divided them into two groups – Group 1 with BA within 2 standard deviations (SD) of CA (n = 20) and Group 2 beyond 2 SD (n = 18). During 1 year follow-up, height Z-scores were −0.1 ± 1.4 (baseline) and −0.1 ± 1.1 (endpoint) and −1.7 ± 1.7 (baseline) and −1.3 ± 1.3 (endpoint) in Groups 1 and 2, respectively. BA: CA ratio changed from 1.0 ± 0.1 to 1.0 ± 0.1 in Group 1 (P > 0.05) versus 0.7 ± 0.2 to 0.9 ± 0.1 in Group 2 (P < 0.05). The number of children who were pre-pubertal: pubertal changed from 15:5 to 11:9 in Group 1 and 14:4 to 7:11 in Group 2. For Group 1, baseline PAH Z score was −0.5 ± 1.7 and endpoint PAH Z score was −0.7 ± 1.6 versus a target height Z score of −1.1 ± 1.1 (P > 0.05); Group 2, the baseline PAH Z score −1.1 ± 1.6 and endpoint PAH Z score −2.2 ± 1.4 versus target height Z-score of −0.4 ± 1.7.

Conclusion:
Delayed diagnosis and treatment of juvenile autoimmune hypothyroidism results in permanent loss of height potential.
KAJIAN KARAKTERISTIK LOW METHOXYL PECTIN TERAMIDASI PADA SAMPEL BAHAN ALAM
Authors: Amalia Fania Dewi , Laeliocattleya Rosalina Ariesta , Estiasih Teti 
Published: October 2021

Pektin merupakan polisakarida yang dapat ditemukan pada tanaman dan banyak digunakan sebagai gelling agent, pengemulsi, pengembang, dan penstabil, serta digunakan dalam bidang farmasi dan kosmetik. Pektin dapat diekstraksi dari beberapa komoditas yang pada umumnya akan menghasilkan High Methoxyl Pectin (HMP). Selain HMP, jenis lain dari pektin yaitu Low Methoxyl Pectin (LMP) juga memiliki lebih banyak sifat fungsional seperti sebagai pembentuk gel rendah gula, bioabsorben logam berat, dan senyawa pencegah kanker. HMP dapat diubah menjadi LMP dengan metode demetoksilasi salah satunya adalah demetoksilasi amonia. Metode demetoksilasi amonia ini juga menyebabkan adanya amida pada rantai pektin yang memberikan beberapa keuntungan seperti pembentukan gel pektin yang lebih mudah dan gel yang terbentuk lebih tahan terhadap sineresis. Kata kunci: Demetoksilasi Amonia, Low Methoxyl Pectin, Pektin
Genetic diversity of the Algerian peanut population analyzed using morphological markers and seed storage proteins
Authors: Djeghim H. , Bellil I. , Khelifi D. 
Published: October 2021

Background. The peanut is one of the most important oil crops suitable for cultivation in the tropical areas of the world. Despite its agronomic importance, few studies have been carried out to assess the morphogenetic diversity of Arachis hypogaea L., especially in East African countries. The major interest of this morphologic study lies in the potential of this species to provide useful genes for the improvement of cultivated peanuts. To date, no study has been performed in Algeria to characterize local peanut varieties.Materials and methods. Thirty peanut accessions were collected from four principal areas of peanut production in Algeria. Genetic characterization using 15 agronomic characters and 25 morphological descriptors showed a high level of diversity among accessions. Principal Component Analysis and the Hierarchical Ascendant Classification were made to clarify the genetic relationship between peanut accessions.Results and discussion. Results showed that leaflet size (length and width), seed shape and size, oil content, and branching pattern were the principal characters to discriminate the screened A. hypogaea accessions. In addition to that, the weights of 10 pods and 100 seeds were the most variable traits and presented a CV of 42.53% and 40.12%, respectively. On the other hand, total storage proteins extracted were separated using SDS-PAGE and revealed thirty bands that were used to generate a matrix and make a cluster analysis using the UPGMA method, exhibiting different storage proteins compositions. Moreover , the phenotypic diversity observed agrees with the storage protein profile diversity, while the accessions grouped in similar clusters belong to the two subspecies of A. hypogaea. The results of the current study show that morphological traits and seed storage proteins can be useful for exploring the diversity among A. hypogaea accessions.
Cultivars and lines from ICARDA in spring durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) breeding in the Lower Volga region
Authors: Gaponov S. N. , Shutareva G. I. , Tsetva N. M. , Tsetva I. S. , Milovanov I. V. 
Published: October 2021

Background. In 1991, under the cooperation agreement, the Federal Center of Agriculture Research (FCAR) of the South-East Region received the first improved accessions from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA). The objective of this work was to study the source material developed under comparable conditions of dryland agriculture and include the best accessions in scientific breeding programs.Material and methods. The presented data resulted from the study of spring durum wheat cultivars and lines from ICARDA (Aleppo, Syria), conducted in 1991–1998. Accessions with the best indicators of grain quality, adapted to the conditions of the Lower Volga, were selected and included into the crossing program. Grain analysis was carried out using the conventional methods for durum wheat as well as those modified by the Spring Durum Wheat Breeding Laboratory of the FCAR of the South-East.Result and conclusion. Many years of work led to identifying 22 lines of spring durum wheat, selected in the breeding nursery of the Main Competitive Trails (MCT) and in different years involved in complex multistep hybridization. The spring durum wheat cultivar ‘Lilek’ was included into the State Register for Selection Achievements in 2009, while cv. ‘Tamara’ was submitted to the State Variety Trials in 2020.