bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SYNTHESIS OF 2,2’ – DI-1,3-DIAZOPERENES
Authors: Магомадова М.Х. , Аксенов А.В. , Магомадова М.Х. , Турлуев Р.А. , Идрисова Э.У. 
Published: June 2021

Разработан новый метод получения 1,3диазапиренов посредством пери-аннелирования пери мидинов 1,3дикарбонильными соединениями. Показано, что такой метод обладает рядом пре имуществ по сравнению с описанным ранее методом Пожарского-Боровлева, использующим халконы в качестве электрофильных компонентов и требующим окислительной ароматизации частично гидрированных промежуточных продуктов. Кроме того, показано, что новый метод от лично применим для эффективного двукратного пери-аннелирования бипeримидинов 1,3ди карбонильными соединениями с целью получения 2,2 би-1,3диазапиренов. Строение 2,2 ди-1,3диазапиренов подтверждено с помощью масс-спектрометрии высокого разрешения, 1Н и 13С ЯМР спектроскопии. В том числе, для этого использовались и двумерные методы HSQCE1H-13C и HMBC1H-13C. Элементный состав соединений определяли при помощи масс-спектрометрии вы сокого разрешения.
A novel method of producing 1,3diazapirenes by peri-annelating perimidines with 1,3dicarbonyl compounds has been developed. This method is shown to have a number of advantages over the Pozharsky-Borovlev method described above, which uses halcones as electrophilic components and requires oxidative aromatization of partially hydrogenated intermediates. Furthermore, the novel method has been shown to be excellent for the effective double peri-annelation of the 1, 3dicarbonyl compounds to produce 2, 2 -bi-1,3diazapirenes. The structure of 2,2 -di-1,3diazapirenes was confirmed by high resolution mass spectrometry, 1Н and 13С NMR spectroscopy. This included two-dimensional methods of HSQCE1H-13C and HMBC1H-13C. The elemental composition of the compounds was determined by high resolution mass spectrometry.
THE EFFECT OF HEAT DRAINAGE INTENSITY ON THE DENDRITIC AND ZONE HETEROGENEITYOF STEEL BARS
Authors: Уздиева Н. С. , Ахтаев С. С-С. , Эльмурзаев А. А. , Нурадинов А. С. 
Published: June 2021

Исследовано влияние внешних физических воздействий на процессы затвердевания и формирования структуры слитков методом физического моделирования. Определен характер распределения ликватов по сечению затвердевших слитков, параметры их структур и двухфазных зон. Доказано решающее значение конвективного и капиллярного массопереносов в междендритных каналах затвердевающих слитков на формирование зональной неоднородности по их сечению. Наглядно подтверждена экспериментальным способом возможность перемещения в междендритном пространстве затвердевающего сплава ликвирующих примесей в результате развития конвективного и капиллярного массопереносов. Доказано, что можно влиять на развитие зональной неоднородности в слитках при затвердевании сплавов путем изменения соотношения скоростей кристаллизации и движения ликватов (R/W), а также приложением внешнего давления на расплав.
The effect of external physical influences on the processes of hardening and formation of bullion structure by physical modeling has been investigated. The nature of the distribution of the faces by the section of hardened bullion and the parameters of the structure of the two-phase zone have been determined. The crucial importance of convective and capillary massoperenos in the interdendriit channels of hardening bars has been proved to form zonal heterogeneity on their section. It is clearly confirmed by an experimental method in the crystallization of the transparent organic environment (kamfen) the possibility of moving in the interdendrite space of the solidifying alloy of exquoting impurities as a result of the development of convective and capillary mass-perdenos. It has been proven that it is possible to influence the development of zonal heterogeneity in bullion when alloys harden by changing the ratio of crystallization and movement of liquats (R/W), as well as whenputting external pressure on the melt.
IN THIS ISSUE
Authors: Melber Henning 
Published: June 2021

This year will focus on celebrations and reflections on occasion of the 70th anniversary of the United Nations. At the same time, the Millennium Development Goals as well as the Sustainable Development Goals for thepost-2015 era remain central items on the agenda when global governance issues and international responsibilities are discussed.Notions, which by implication always also carry a local meaning and impact on domestic policy in as much as domestic policy (not only as foreign policy) also impacts on global governance issues. The divide often maintained is more than ever artificial and misleading in the face of the global challenges humanity faces — not only in terms of environmental degradation as a resultof climate change. Many issues do not have any territorial boundaries orare transcending those.
The inter-linkages of the local and the global (for which the term'glocal' was minted a few years ago) are obvious not only when it comes tohumanitarian disasters and emergency situations appealing to globalsolidarity, such as the recent earthquake in Nepal and its devastating consequences. Other manifestations of solidarity in a global world include the almost world-wide 'Je Suis Charlie' response and outcry to the terrorist attack on the journal and the cold-blooded execution of its cartoonists in Paris. The gathering of world leaders there in defiance of the assault on civil liberties and freedoms of expression was a symbolic act of some magnitude and brought together even deeply antagonistic political players. But at the same time the lack of similar visible and determined symbolic acts of defiance by the world's political leaders and Western civil society agencies, suggesting an absence of a similar degree of moral outcry and global protest over the ongoing slaughters and abductions by Boko Haram in Nigeria or the massacre of students at the Garissa University College in Kenya seem to suggest that we still live in times of double standards and/or selective perceptions. Humanity as well as humanbeings remain divided and seem to live in different worlds. Likewise, the tragedies taking place visibly in broad daylight on the Mediterranean Sea, reaching a scale of human loss at days bordering to the numerical proportions of 9/11, have not been met with a similar rigorous political will topromote true values of humanity.
The effectiveness of the implementation of deep breaths on psychosocial problems in the family during the pandemic
Authors: Nurhaeni Heni , Dinarti Dinarti , Khoirunnisa Mega 
Published: June 2021

Background: Outcome expectancy could mediate the psychological effects of exercise-related interventions, which implies that part of the psychological benefits of physical activity could be ascribed to placebo effects. (Szabo & Kocsis, 2017)
Purpose: Knowing the effects of relaxation breathing on Anxiety in patients with psychosocial problems in the family during the pandemic

Methods: The type of research used is quantitative quasi experimental, non-equivalent, control group pretest and posttest design. The population in this study was some family members who have anxiety problem with the sample of 39 respondents. Samples were taken using purposive sampling technique.

Results: The average levels a score before 61,08% and after 60,82% deep breath of relaxation with p value = 0.043 (<0.05). It can be concluded that deep breathing relaxation techniques has effects on the reduction of anxiety in some of family member

Conclusion: Deep breathing relaxation techniques can reduce reduction in effects on the reduction in some of family member. Recommendation to reduce management to be applied a deep breathing relaxation techniques as standard of operational procedures (SOP) in the context of nursing care, especially to effects on the reduction in some of family member especially at pandemic
La capacitación laboral como herramienta de mejoramiento empresarial
Authors: Medina Delgado Byron , Palacios Alvarado Wlamyr , Vergel Ortega Mawency 
Published: June 2021

El factor de capacitación en un mundo en donde la economía del conocimiento incrementa su relevancia como fuente de ventaja competitiva, es fundamental para el éxito organizacional y del país. La investigación tiene como objetivo evaluar la capacitación laboral en la mediana empresa de Cúcuta-Colombia. La evaluación de la capacitación laboral se fundamenta en la caracterización de los indicadores de educación media y superior, capacitación empresarial y capacidades administrativas, mediante la aplicación de un instrumento a 138 empresas. En los resultados se evidencia que el 92% de la mediana empresa es gerenciada por una persona con título profesional y el 74% de las organizaciones promueven el trabajo en equipo como estrategia para concentrar habilidades, destrezas, conocimientos y responsabilidades. Se concluye que la mediana empresa de Cúcuta les apuesta a buenos indicadores con respecto a la educación media y superior, la capacitación empresarial y las capacidades administrativas, considerándolos herramientas fundamentales para el mejoramiento del sector empresarial.
Analysis of the potential use of Distributed Generation in Colombia
Authors: Rojas Suarez Jhan Piero , Vergel Ortega Mawency , Orjuela Abril Sofia 
Published: June 2021

Looking for the availability, access, and distribution of energy resources, the concepts of integration and distributed generation “DG” are created, it seeks to generate economic growth and prosperity, and of course, the reduction of pollutants to the environment. Under this scenario, regulatory laws have been implemented worldwide for the incentive, organization, and inclusion of different technologies based on renewable energy. This document contains some of the technologies used for distributed generation and deals with the threats that decrease polluting emissions. In addition, a couple of international cases (Spain and Argentina) are studied from the legal framework and their experience in the introduction of the DG, also seeks to land from these experiences to the Colombian national context located in Law 1517 of 2014, it still has different legal loopholes and is growing. This has allowed the growth of these technologies in our country and allows us to present the different areas with a high potential for electricity generation such as wind and solar energy, for example, in the upper Guajira, in order to present a strategy for implement these DG technologies and contribute to accelerating their implementation, giving security to investors and consumers.
PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS BELAJAR PKn MATERI PEMERINTAHAN PUSAT PADA KELAS 4 SEMESTER II SDN 1 KAPONGAN KECAMATAN KAPONGAN KABUPATEN SITUBONDO TAHUN PELAJARAN 2017 / 2018 DENGAN PENDEKATAN CONTEKSTUAL TEACHING LEARNING ( CTL )
Authors: . Iriyana 
Published: June 2021

Pendidikan kewarganegaraan dalam pengertian sebagai citizenship education, secara substantif dan pedagogis didesain untuk mengembangkan warga negara yang cerdas dan baik untuk seluruh jalur dan jenjang pendidikan. Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn) merupakan program pendidikan berdasarkan nilai-nilai pancasila sebagai wahana untuk mengembangkan dan melestarikan nilai luhur dan moral yang berakar pada budaya bangsa Indonesia yang diharapkan dapat menjadi jati diri yang diwujudkan dalam bentuk perilaku dalam kehidupan sehari-hari peserta didik baik sebagai individu, sebagai anggota masyarakat dan makhluk ciptaan tuhan Yang Maha Esa. hasil observasi awal di SDN 1 Kapongan, terlihat bahwa situasi belajar mengajar masih menggunakan metode lama yakni Ceramah, hal ini menyebabkan pengajaran yang berpusat pada guru sehingga prestasi belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran PKn di SDN 1 Kapongan masih rendah dan menunjukkan nilai yang masih di bawah Standar Ketuntasan Belajar Minimal (SKBM=70). Sistem pengajaran yang baik seharusnya dapat membantu siswa mengembangkan diri secara optimal serta mampu mencapai tujuan-tujuan belajarnya. Dari hal tersebut perlu dicarikan alternatif lain untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar PKn siswa pada materi peranan globalisasi. Hal ini mengingat pentingnya pengajaran PKn untuk membentuk karakter siswa tingkat Sekolah Dasar, sehingga dipilihlah pendekatan CTL yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan minat dan motivasi siswa dalam pembelajaran PKn pada materi peranan globalisasi. Selain itu penerapan CTL menekankan keaktifan siswa dalam pembelajaran sehingga merangsang kemampuan berfikir yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa pada pembelajaran PKn pada materi peranan globalisasi.Hasil pembelajaran pembelajaran PKn siswa pada siklus I diketahui jumlah nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh adalah 69.75 dari dua puluh siswa, yang mendapat nilai di atas KKM berjumlah sepuluh orang, dan sisanya masih banyak siswa yang mendapatkan nilai rendah. Hal ini berarti bahwa nilai pembelajaran PKn siswa 50 masih di bawah KKM yang ditetapkan, yaitu 70. Pada Pembelajaran PKn siswa pada siklus II diketahui jumlah nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh adalah 77.75 dari dua puluh siswa, yang mendapat nilai di atas KKM berjumlah enam belas orang, sisanya masih mendapatkan nilai di bawah KKM. Hal ini berarti bahwa nilai pembelajaran PKn siswa 80 sudah di atas KKM yang ditetapkan, yaitu 70.
Changement de cap de l’Allemagne en matière de politique européenne : un repositionnement avec des limites
Authors: Becker Peter , Gallouët Laure 
Published: June 2021

En 2020, une étape à la fois importante et surprenante a été franchie par l’Union européenne sur la voie de l’intégration : avec le prochain cadre financier pluriannuel (CFP) pour la période 2021-2027 et le plan de relance européen « Next Generation EU » (NGEU), l’UE pourra disposer d’un budget d’une enveloppe globale impressionnante d’environ 1 800 milliards d’euros. Dans le même temps, et pour la première fois, la Commission européenne a été chargée de souscrire à des emprunts, afin de financer le plan de relance NGEU. Cette réponse commune apportée aux grands défis socio-économiques causés par la pandémie de la Covid-19 n’a été rendue possible que grâce à un profond changement de la politique européenne menée par l’Allemagne. Cet article tente d’expliquer et de retracer cette transformation fondamentale : Sur quels points le gouvernement fédéral était-il prêt à innover en profondeur, où a-t-il fixé des limites, quelles conditions a-t-il formulées, et enfin, quelles étaient les raisons et les motivations qui ont amené l’Allemagne à redéfinir sa position ? Pour finir, il convient de se demander s’il faut y voir le signe d’une transformation durable et en profondeur de la politique européenne menée par l’Allemagne.
L’Iran et sa (mal) représentation
Authors: Pourhosseini Behrang 
Published: June 2021

L’Iran (notamment post-révolutionnaire) souffre deux fois de sa mal-représentation. Non seulement, à l’intérieur des frontières, le décalage entre la diversité sociale et l’État islamique installé depuis la révolution de 79 s’est creusé, mais également, dans sa perception à l’extérieur, cette révolution a réactivé des lectures culturalistes. Nous mobilisons dans cet article le concept de « représentation », qui implique des significations politiques et esthétiques, afin de dessiner un autre tableau des tensions entre la société iranienne et son État. Le blocage de la représentativité démocratique par le gouvernement a conduit la société iranienne, en quête de son image, à se tourner vers des modalités de plus en plus esthétiques. Ces sensibilités influencent le paysage politique, de même que les représentations esthétiques sont toujours susceptibles de prendre un sens politique. C’est à ce conflit des images dans le contexte iranien que nous nous intéressons.
Félibien, critique d’art ? Esthétique du « regard Félibien » dans l’œuvre de Raphaël et de Michel-Ange
Authors: Saudrais Anthony 
Published: June 2021

Notre propos souhaite nuancer la doxa académique selon laquelle l’invention de la critique d’art serait née en France dans la seconde moitié du xviii e siècle. En effet, la lecture des Entretiens de Félibien favorise par l’éloquence du dialogue la variété des points de vue. Cet article rend compte des tensions qui émanent des Entretiens , une œuvre incessamment située entre la théorie et la critique. La comparaison entre l’œuvre de Raphaël et celle de Michel-Ange illustre cette tension entre l’esthétique (le goût) et la théorie (les règles) dans le « regard Félibien » ; ne cachant pas sa préférence pour Raphaël, il conteste la hiérarchie vasarienne.
L’originarité des images
Authors: Devillers Jean-François 
Published: June 2021

Les images sont-elles des imitations ou des signes conventionnels ? Sont-elles ressemblantes ou dénotatives ? Pour tenter de dépasser ces oppositions devenues classiques, cet article part du constat que les images sont d’abord et avant tout réalisées en fonction de certains moyens techniques de production et selon des attentes liées à l’usage qui en sera fait. Ce faisant, au lieu de récuser la ressemblance ou de nier qu’il puisse y avoir des conventions dans les images, il montre que la ressemblance est toujours relative à une visibilisation spécifique de la réalité, laquelle peut à l’occasion recourir à des conventions. Cet article défend ainsi l’idée que les images sont originaires : fondatrices de nos manières de voir.
« Stop linky, non merci »
Authors: Danieli Aude 
Published: June 2021

Aujourd’hui plus de 4 foyers sur 5 disposent d’un compteur communicant Linky et pourtant, la polémique anti-Linky ne faiblit pas avec les prémices d’une judiciarisation des conflits ces dernières années. L’article vise à restituer les modalités de dénonciation et de mobilisation des consommateurs ordinaires et plus précisément de la frange des plus réfractaires d’entre eux. Dans une première partie, nous proposons un modèle d’engagement dans la cause « anti-Linky », de la suspicion à la scandalisation. Nous montrons que les clients procèdent à un travail de politisation en embarquant plusieurs registres de dénonciation (les ondes électriques et leurs effets sur la santé, la fausse promesse de la transition énergétique, les dérives marchandes et les risques de surveillance). L’engagement de ces consommateurs se nourrit de la mutualisation des arguments, permettant l’accusation contre les compteurs pour protéger leurs domiciles vécus comme des espaces intimes, mais aussi ceux des personnes vulnérables. La deuxième partie décrit les étapes de la « mobilisation à domicile » et les stratégies de « solidarité de voisinage ». Elles ont pour but de lutter pragmatiquement contre l’installation du compteur, mais aussi de promouvoir la recherche d’une société non Linky, appuyée par des normes de sobriété numérique, d’anticonsumérisme et d’une vie plus solidaire.
A 96% Alumina based Packaging System for 500°C Test of SiC Integrated Circuits
Authors: Chen Liangyu , Neudeck Philip G. , Spry David J. , Beheim Glenn M. , Hunter Gary W. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Along with the development of silicon carbide (SiC) sensors and electronic devices for operation at 500°C, compatible packaging technologies are needed for long term high temperature test and deployment of these sensors and electronic devices. 96% Al2O3 ceramic is a good electrically insulating material with acceptable dielectric constant and low dielectric loss over wide temperature and frequency ranges. This paper presents a packaging system for low power integrated circuits including a prototype 8-I/O chip-level package and printed circuit board (PCB) based on 96% Al2O3 ceramic substrates and Au thick-film metallization for 500°C applications. The details related to designs of packages and PCBs, packaging materials, and specific packaging step recipes including wire - bonding and die-attach, are presented. Some test results of this prototype packaging approach applied to SiC integrated circuits at 500°C are reviewed.
470 Celsius Packaging System for Silicon Carbide Electronics
Authors: Chiolino N. , Francis A. M. , Holmes J. , Barlow M. , Perkowski C. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
High temperature Silicon Carbide (SiC) integrated circuit (IC) processes have enabled devices that operate at &gt;450°C for more than a year. These results have established the need for more advanced and practical packaging strategies. Off the shelf state of the art packages cannot withstand the same high temperatures as the semiconductor can for long periods of time. Packaging SiC die to survive temperatures &gt;450°C, while also maintaining a reasonable packaging strategy that is agile, rapid, and modular, presents new challenges.
Presented is a technique for packaging SiC die with a focus on additive manufacturing, modular design scaling, and rugged survivability. This packaging strategy utilizes state of the art Additive Manufacturing (AM) methods, using an nScrypt 3Dn-Tabletop printer, together with stereolithography (SLA) digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing. Ultra-violet (UV) curable ceramic resins are used to create high temperature connectors. A design environment is also described, in which first time correct, interconnect layers are verified in software to reduce the risk of errors. A Ceramic Wiring Board Process Design Kit (CWBPDK) allows the design of single or multiple layers of metal, with fabricated SiC die. This interconnect is verified with standard design rule checking (DRC) and layout vs. schematic (LVS) software. Entire systems in packages can be verified using multiple SiC die. Input and output pins (I/O) are connected to these modules using metal connectors. After design, manufacturing can be performed in just a few days.
A system in package for driving a stepper motor was designed and fabricated using this packaging method. The motor actuator design utilizes four separate SiC die. These die contain large JFETs designed for sourcing current in a unipolar stepper motor architecture. This module was placed in a furnace at 470°C and demonstrated functional operation for over 1000 hours. These devices were able to source an average of 30 mA in &gt;400°C temperatures to drive the room temperature stepper motor. A high I/O count, next generation package for discrete SiC chips was also designed using this packaging system. A single large JFET component was soaked for over 100 hours at both 500°C and 800°C. Utilizing Ozark IC’s automated test design environment, several DC and transient variables were captured for both tests and will be presented.
Designs for reliability and failure mode prevention of electrical feedthroughs in integrated downhole logging tools
Authors: Xia Hua , Settles Nelson , Grimm Michael , Rutherford Gaery , DeWire David 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
To enable an electrical feedthrough integrated downhole logging tool to maintain high reliability during its logging service in any hostile wellbores, it is critical to apply some guidelines for the electrical feedthrough designs. This paper introduces a safety factor based design guideline to ensure an integrated electrical feedthrough has sufficient compression or thermo-mechanical stress amplitude in the stress well against potential logging failures. It is preferred to have a safety actor of 1.5~2.0 for an electrical feedthrough at lowest temperature, such as −60°C, and a safety actor of 2.5~5.0 at operating temperature range of 200~260°C. Moreover, the designed ambient pressure capability should be 1.5~2.0 times higher than the maximum downhole pressure, such as 25,000~30,000PSI. To validate this thermo-mechanical stress model, several electrical feedthrough prototypes have been tested under simulated 200~260°C and 31,000~34,000PSI downhole conditions. The observed testing data have demonstrated that there is a maximum allowable operating pressure for an electrical feedthrough operating at a specific downhole temperature. It is clearly demonstrated that an electrical feedthrough may operate up to 60,000 PSI at ambient temperature in a real life application, but it may actually operate up to 30,000~35,000 PSI at 200~260°C downhole temperatures.