bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the effect of COVID-19 dissemination on symptoms of anxiety and depression among university students
Authors: Vigo Daniel , Jones Laura , Munthali Richard , Pei Julia , Westenberg Jean , Munro Lonna , Judkowicz Carolina , Wang Angel Y. , Van den Adel Brianna , Dulai Joshun , Krausz Michael , Auerbach Randy P. , Bruffaerts Ronny , Yatham Lakshmi , Gadermann Anne , Rush Brian , Xie Hui , Pendakur Krishna , Richardson Chris 
Published: March 2021

Background
Evidence about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of specific subpopulations, such as university students, is needed as communities prepare for future waves.

Aims
To study the association of proximity of COVID-19 with symptoms of anxiety and depression in university students.

Method
This trend study analysed weekly cross-sectional surveys of probabilistic samples of students from the University of British Columbia for 13 weeks, through the first wave of COVID-19. The main variable assessed was propinquity of COVID-19, defined as ‘knowing someone who tested positive for COVID-19’, which was specified at different levels: knowing someone anywhere globally, in Canada, in Vancouver, in their course or at home. Proximity was included in multivariable linear regressions to assess its association with primary outcomes, including 30-day symptoms of anxiety and/or depression.

Results
Of 1388 respondents (adjusted response rate of 50%), 5.6% knew someone with COVID-19 in Vancouver, 0.8% in their course and 0.3% at home. Ten percent were overwhelmed and unable to access help. Knowing someone in Vancouver was associated with an 11-percentage-point increase in the probability of 30-day anxiety symptoms (s.e. 0.05, P ≤ 0.05), moderated by gender, with a significant interaction of the exposure and being female (coefficient −20, s.e. 0.09, P ≤ 0.05). No association was found with depressive symptoms.

Conclusions
Propinquity of COVID-19 cases may increase the likelihood of anxiety symptoms in students, particularly among men. Most students reported coping well, but additional support is needed for an emotionally overwhelmed minority who report being unable to access help.
COVID-19-related prescribing challenge in intellectual disability
Authors: Rauf Bushra , Sheikh Hafsa , Majid Hassan , Roy Ashok , Pathania Rani 
Published: March 2021

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic and associated restrictions are expected to affect the mental health of the population, especially people with intellectual disability and/or autism spectrum disorder, because of a variety of biological and psychosocial reasons.

Aims
This study aimed to estimate if COVID-19 restrictions are associated with a change in number of total consultations carried out by psychiatrists and prescription of psychotropic medication in people with intellectual disability and/or autism spectrum disorder, within a community intellectual disability service.

Method
A quantitative observational study was conducted, involving retrospective and prospective data collection before and during lockdown. Data was collected on a spreadsheet and emailed to all psychiatrists working within the Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust-wide community intellectual disability service. Variables included total consultations, medication interventions, types of medications used, multidisciplinary team input and clinical reasons for medication interventions. Data was analysed separately for child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and adult intellectual disability teams, and for the whole service.

Results
During the lockdown period, total consultations in the community intellectual disability service increased by 19 per week and medication interventions increased by two per week. Multidisciplinary team input increased in CAMHS from 0.17 to 0.71 per week and in adult intellectual disability from 5.7 to 6.5 per week. Hypnotics and benzodiazepines were the most commonly prescribed psychotropic medications during the lockdown period.

Conclusions
COVID-19-related lockdown resulted in an increase in medication interventions, total consultations and involvement of multidisciplinary teams to manage mental health and behavioural issues in people with intellectual disability and/or autism spectrum disorder.
Exercise Barriers and Adherence to Recommendations in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Ng Amy H. , Ngo-Huang An , Vidal Marieberta , Reyes-Garcia Ariadne , Liu Diane D. , Williams Janet L. , Fu Jack B. , Yadav Rajesh , Bruera Eduardo 
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE: The American College of Sports Medicine exercise guidelines for cancer survivors encourage a combination of 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity and 2-3 weekly sessions of strength training. Cancer survivors often experience more barriers to meeting recommended guidelines because of side effects from cancer treatments. Our aim was to measure the cancer survivors’ adherence and barriers with these recommendations. METHODS: Two hundred adult cancer survivors completed surveys (Stanford Patient Education Research Center Exercise Behaviors Survey and an exercise barrier scale) reporting their physical activity, barriers to physical activity, and symptom assessment. RESULTS: A total of 68/200 participants (34%) reported adhering to the recommended physical activity guidelines of 150 minutes or more per week. Those who adhered to the guidelines reported fewer barriers to exercise (mean of 2.44 compared with 4.15 barriers, P < .0001). Female participants ( P = .01), higher number of barriers, and feeling of poor well-being were less likely to report at least 60 or 150 minutes of exercise time. Lack of interest ( P = .003) and self-discipline ( P = .001) were reported as barriers. These participants were more likely to report high symptom burden of pain ( P = .007) and fatigue ( P = .005). Participants who reported < 60 minutes of exercise reported lack of enjoyment ( P = .03), lack of equipment ( P = .01), and symptoms of poor appetite, poor well-being, and increased dyspnea. CONCLUSION: Although recommendations are given for exercise, adherence to recommendations is low. Issues of motivation, including lack of interest and self-discipline, and symptoms of pain and fatigue were some of the main reported barriers to adhering to the recommended exercise guidelines. Therefore, interventions aimed at increasing motivation and treating symptoms could improve cancer survivor adherence to recommended exercise guidelines.
Differential Impact of ALK Mutations in Neuroblastoma
Authors: O'Donohue Tara , Gulati Nitya , Mauguen Audrey , Kushner Brian H. , Shukla Neerav , Rodriguez-Sanchez M. I. , Bouvier Nancy , Roberts Stephen , Basu Ellen , Cheung Nai-Kong , Modak Shakeel 
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE The tyrosine kinase receptor anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) can be abnormally activated in neuroblastoma, and somatic ALK mutations occur in 6%-10% of patients. The differential clinical impact of these mutations has not been clearly elucidated. METHODS Data on patients with neuroblastoma harboring ALK mutations were retrospectively analyzed. ALK sequencing was performed by whole-genome sequencing, hybrid-based capture of targeted exomes, or hotspot ALK mutation profiling. The differential impact of ALK mutation site on clinical characteristics, response to treatment, and survival was analyzed. In a subgroup of patients with locoregional neuroblastoma diagnosed after 2014, the impact of all ALK mutations was compared with wild-type ALK. RESULTS Of 641 patients with neuroblastoma with ALK status analyzed on at least one tumor sample, 103 (16%) had tumors harboring ALK mutations. Mutations existed across all ages (birth to 67.8 years), stages (30% locoregional and 70% metastatic), and risk groups (20%, 11%, and 69% with low-, intermediate-, and high-risk disease, respectively). Mutation sites included F1174 (51%), R1275 (29%), R1245 (10%), and others (10%). Mutation site was not prognostic for progression-free survival or overall survival in the entire cohort, high-risk subgroup, or locoregional subgroup. Locoregional tumors with any ALK mutation were generally invasive: L2 by International Neuroblastoma Research Group staging in 30/31 patients with a 2-year progression-free survival (59%, 95% CI, 37.4 to 80.5) that was inferior to historical controls. This observation was corroborated in the post-2014 subgroup in which gross total resection was less likely for ALK-mutated tumors. CONCLUSION Somatic ALK mutations are present across all stages and risk groups of neuroblastoma. No specific mutation carries differential prognostic significance. Locoregional neuroblastoma has an invasive phenotype when harboring somatic ALK mutations in this population.
Serial Monitoring of Circulating Tumor DNA by Next-Generation Gene Sequencing as a Biomarker of Response and Survival in Patients With Advanced NSCLC Receiving Pembrolizumab-Based Therapy
Authors: Thompson Jeffrey C. , Carpenter Erica L. , Silva Benjamin A. , Rosenstein Jamie , Chien Austin L. , Quinn Katie , Espenschied Carin R. , Mak Allysia , Kiedrowski Lesli A. , Lefterova Martina , Nagy Rebecca J. , Katz Sharyn I. , Yee Stephanie S. , Black Taylor A. , Singh Aditi P. , Ciunci Christine A. , Bauml Joshua M. , Cohen Roger B. , Langer Corey J. , Aggarwal Charu 
Published: March 2021

PURPOSEAlthough the majority of patients with metastatic non–small-cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) lacking a detectable targetable mutation will receive pembrolizumab-based therapy in the frontline setting, predicting which patients will experience a durable clinical benefit (DCB) remains challenging.MATERIALS AND METHODSPatients with mNSCLC receiving pembrolizumab monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy underwent a 74-gene next-generation sequencing panel on blood samples obtained at baseline and at 9 weeks. The change in circulating tumor DNA levels on-therapy (molecular response) was quantified using a ratio calculation with response defined by a > 50% decrease in mean variant allele fraction. Patient response was assessed using RECIST 1.1; DCB was defined as complete or partial response or stable disease that lasted > 6 months. Progression-free survival and overall survival were recorded.RESULTSAmong 67 patients, 51 (76.1%) had > 1 variant detected at a variant allele fraction > 0.3% and thus were eligible for calculation of molecular response from paired baseline and 9-week samples. Molecular response values were significantly lower in patients with an objective radiologic response (log mean 1.25% v 27.7%, P < .001). Patients achieving a DCB had significantly lower molecular response values compared to patients with no durable benefit (log mean 3.5% v 49.4%, P < .001). Molecular responders had significantly longer progression-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.50) and overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.64) compared with molecular nonresponders.CONCLUSIONMolecular response assessment using circulating tumor DNA may serve as a noninvasive, on-therapy predictor of response to pembrolizumab-based therapy in addition to standard of care imaging in mNSCLC. This strategy requires validation in independent prospective studies.
Cord Blood IGF-I, Proinsulin, Leptin, HMW Adiponectin, and Ghrelin in Short or Skinny Small-for-Gestational-Age Infants
Authors: He Hua , Zhu Wen-Ting , Nuyt Anne Monique , Marc Isabelle , Julien Pierre , Huang Rong , Dubois Lise , Wei Shu-Qin , Zhang Jun , Levy Emile , Fraser William D , Luo Zhong-Cheng 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Context
Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) is an indicator of poor fetal growth “programming” an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Little is known about early-life endocrine characteristics in SGA subtypes. Stunting (short) and wasting (skinny) are considered distinct SGA phenotypes in neonatal prognosis.

Objectives
This work aimed to assess whether SGA infants with stunting or wasting have similar alterations in neonatal endocrine metabolic health biomarkers.

Methods
This was a nested case-control study based on the 3D (Design, Develop, and Discover) birth cohort in Canada. The study subjects were 146 SGA (birth weight &lt; 10th percentile) and 155 optimal-for-gestational age (OGA, 25th-75th percentiles) infants. Stunting was defined as birth length less than the 10th percentile, and wasting as body mass index less than the 10th percentile for sex and gestational age, respectively. Main outcome measures included cord plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), proinsulin, leptin, high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin, and ghrelin.

Results
Comparing to OGA infants adjusted for maternal and neonatal characteristics, SGA infants with either stunting only or wasting only had lower cord plasma IGF-I and leptin concentrations. HMW adiponectin concentrations were lower in SGA infants with wasting only (P = .004), but similar in SGA infants with stunting only (P = .816). Only SGA infants with both stunting and wasting had substantially lower proinsulin (P &lt; .001) and higher ghrelin concentrations (P &lt; .001) than OGA infants.

Conclusion
This study is the first to demonstrate that SGA infants with wasting only are characterized by low HMW adiponectin concentrations, whereas those with stunting only are not. SGA with both stunting and wasting are characterized by low proinsulin and high ghrelin concentrations.
Thinking about Religion through Wittgenstein
Authors: Asad Talal 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis essay is an attempt at thinking through Wittgenstein's philosophy in order to clarify some aspects of what people call “religion.” Central to it is an exploration of the polarity between belief and practice and an attempt to reframe that polarity in terms of the mutually interconnected processes of being and learning. It seeks to address the old question of persuadability, of what makes for conviction and effective critique, particularly in relation to faith in God and in “another world.” It then attempts to apply Wittgenstein's insights to fundamental disagreements in the Islamic tradition over the proper understanding of apparently contradictory representations of God in the Qurʾan. Finally, it takes up the question of what Wittgenstein called “the craving for generality,” and thus the part abstraction plays in the progressive thrust of our secular, capitalist form of life.
Being a Feminist in the Fallist Movement in Contemporary South Africa
Authors: Mazibuko Mbali 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This short essay offers reflective feminist insight into the Fees Must Fall Movement of 2015–16 that was led by students and workers at universities in South Africa. It considers the ways in which Black feminist life is negotiated and embodied in a contemporary student-worker movement that remains oriented by and toward hegemonic hypermasculinities. This text further argues that Black feminist intervention and mobilization is distinct from women's movements as they happened under apartheid. Feminist organizing is principled in particular ways, and these ways are evidenced by Black feminist interventions within the Fees Must Fall (FMF) movement. This essay demonstrates how intersectionality functions as more than a diagnostic tool. Intersectionality and how it is imagined and used in the contemporary South African feminist context does not only recognize multiple and interlocking oppressions. Intersectionality is also in itself a methodology. Intersectionality as demonstrated by feminists and the LGBTIQA community of the FMF movement is a methodological choice that requires that various forms of protest and intervention be used simultaneously to challenge systemic oppressions. Centering intersectionality as methodology works to disrupt archaic perspectives on what is and is not activism, thought, or feminist work. Relying on the intellectual work of student-activists in the movement, otherwise known as “fallists,” and memory and story-telling as methodological tools, this essay begins to imagine how we can think, research, and write in ways that memorialize and archive our lives, our histories, and our collective imaginaries.
स्वर्ग नहीं, बिल्क जेल
Authors: तोड़ पिंजरा 
Published: March 2021

सार
अक्टूबर 2019 में, दिल्ली में महिला छात्राओं के लिए सुरक्षित, खिफायती एवं गैर-भेदभावपूर्ण आवास सुनिश्चित करने की ओर काम करने वाले महिला संगठन पिंजरा तोड़ ने अन्य छात्र संगठनों के साथ कश्मीर की लगातार घेराबंदी के खिलाफ दिल्ली विशवविद्याला के आर्ट्स फैकल्टी में एक संयुक्त विरोध और सार्वजनिक बैठक का आयोजन किया। संबंधित पर्चे में पिंजरा तोड़ ने नरेंद्र मोदी के कश्मीर को "स्वर्ग" बनाने की कॉर्पोरेट योजनाओं और उनके पूंजीवादी एवं उग्र-राष्ट्रवादी पहलुओं पर सवाल उठाये। इसके अलावा, कश्मीर से निकलने वाली भयानक कहानियों पर चर्चा की: नाबालिगों और नौजवानों की हिरासत और यातना, मध्यरात्रि छापे और सेना बलों द्वारा महिलाओं के खिलाफ यौन हिंसा का निरंतर खतरा और धमकियां। आपातकाल की वर्तमान स्थिति को भारतीय राज्य द्वारा कश्मीर की जनता और उनके लोकतांत्रिक आकांक्षाओं के उत्पीड़न के एक लंबे और क्रूर इतिहास की निरंतरता के रूप में व्यक्त किया गया है। कश्मीरी लोगों के संघर्ष के समर्थन में, पिंजरा तोड़ ने तमाम मांगे प्रस्तुत की, जिसमें शामिल हैं: भारत के संविधान में अनुच्छेद 370 और 35A की पुनर्बहाली; किसी
भी नीतिगत निर्णय में कश्मीरी लोगों की लोकप्रिय भागीदारी सुनिश्चित की जाए; सभी राजनीतिक नेताओं, सामाजिक कार्यकर्ताओं, युवाओं और बच्चों को रिहा किया जाए; और सभी विश्वविद्यालयों में जिन कश्मीरी छात्रों की पढ़ाई बाधित हुई थी उनके लिए विशेष प्रावधान किए जाए।
#DisarmUC
Authors: Buchanan Blu , Miller Amara 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
As scholar-activists, the authors explore efforts of police disarmament within the context of an emerging social movement sweeping the University of California system. The Disarm UC coalition challenges the myth of policing as necessary for the production of a “safe” society, especially in an era in which fear-mongering has helped to naturalize far-right and authoritarian systems of control. Instead, this article asks how policing is always already a violent system within the American academy and how these historical precursors normalize the current militarization and mobilization of lethal force within universities. Such normalized violence reproduces historical inequities within academia and has material consequences for students and workers. Finally, the authors explore how social movements like Disarm UC disrupt police violence within the university, producing new social and material conditions for change.
COLA, COVID, and 50/500 Years of Struggle
Authors:   University of California, Berkeley, Ethnic Studies Graduate Collective
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This short dispatch reflects on the recent cost-of-living-adjustment (COLA) student movement at the University of California. We outline a short history of student labor activism at the University of California, Berkeley, and juxtapose it with the struggles that have come out of the Department of Ethnic Studies since 1969. We discuss the context of COLA and how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the aims, goals, and development of the movement from an ethnic studies perspective.
Patients’ and professionals’ beliefs about the impact of social stigmatization on treatment of gambling-related disorders
Authors: Dąbrowska Katarzyna , Wieczorek Łukasz 
Published: March 2021

Cel pracyProwadzone dotychczas badania wykazały, że negatywne stereotypy dotyczące osób z zaburzeniami hazardowymi, a szczególnie przekonanie, że osoby te ponoszą osobistą odpowiedzialność za swoją chorobę, mogą znacząco przyczyniać się do stygmatyzacji tych osób. Wstyd i strach przed stygmatyzacją utrudniają decyzję o podjęciu leczenia.
Omawiane badanie diagnozuje przekonania respondentów o wpływie stygmatyzacji osób z zaburzeniami hazardowymi na społeczne postrzeganie leczenia zaburzeń hazardowych oraz przekonania respondentów o wpływie stygmatyzacji na podejmowanie leczenia, czy poszukiwanie pomocy. Ponadto badanie diagnozuje, czy leczenie może pomóc w ograniczeniu stygmatyzacji, czy profesjonaliści w jakiś sposób uwzględniają to zagadnienie w swojej praktyce?MetodaW pierwszej połowie 2015 r. przeprowadzono 90 wywiadów indywidualnych z osobami z zaburzeniami hazardowymi, pracownikami socjalnymi, terapeutami zatrudnionymi w placówkach leczenia uzależnień, lekarzami pierwszego kontaktu oraz psychiatrami.WynikiSpołeczna reakcja na fakt rozpoczęcia leczenia zależy od tego, czy zaburzenia hazardowe postrzegane są w kategoriach problemu medycznego, czy raczej w kategoriach moralnych. Przychylniejsze reakcje wobec informacji o podjęciu leczenia przejawiają głównie znaczący inni, którzy zgodnie z terminologią Goffmana są zorientowani. Leczenie oznacza konieczność ujawnienia swojego problemu i stawienia czoła stygmatyzacji. Szczególnie kobiety są stygmatyzowane z powodu zaburzeń hazardowych. Omawiane badanie pokazało, że leczenie pozwala pozbyć się poczucia winy poprzez zdobycie wiedzy na temat zaburzeń hazardowych.WnioskiPodjęcie problemu stygmatyzacji na wczesnych etapach leczenia może przyczynić się do ciągłości leczenia. Specjaliści powinni być świadomi swoich uprzedzeń, ponieważ ich stygmatyzujące postawy mogą wpływać na wyniki leczenia
Managing Self-Replicating Innovative Goods
Authors: Hu Bin , Sun Zhankun 
Published: March 2021

Inspired by self-replicating three-dimensional printers and innovative agricultural and husbandry goods, we study optimal production and sales policies for a manufacturer of self-replicating innovative goods with a focus on the unique “keep-or-sell” trade-off—namely, whether a newly produced unit should be sold to satisfy demand and stimulate future demand or added to inventory to increase production capacity. We adopt the continuous-time optimal control framework and marry a self-replication model on the production side to the canonical innovation-diffusion model on the demand side. By analyzing the model, we identify a condition that differentiates Strong and Weak Replicability regimes, wherein production and sales, respectively, take priority over the other and fully characterize their distinct optimal policies. These insights prove robust and helpful in several extensions, including backlogged demand, liquidity constraints, stochastic innovation diffusion, launch inventory decision, and exogenous demand. We also find that social marketing strategies are particularly well suited for self-replicating innovative goods under Strong Replication.This paper was accepted by Victor Martínez de Albéniz, operations management.
Peptic ulcer disease: a cross-sectional study of symptoms and risk factors among students at Jimma University, Ethiopia
Authors: Bayana Ebissa , Olani Adugna , Biratu Yonas , Negash Ayelu , Gelan Melkamu , Eba Abdisa , Nigatu Desalegn , Amsalu Bonsa 
Published: March 2021

Background: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD), which includes gastric and duodenal ulcers, is a common condition with symptoms including epigastric or abdominal pain. It is multifactorial, with physiological, demographic and environmental risk factors, some of which make it more prevalent in developing countries. Aims: This study aims to assess the symptoms of and risk factors for PUD among students at Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia. Methods: This institutional based cross-sectional study design used a self-administered questionnaire to collect data for analysis. This included logistic regression analysis, in which a p-value of <0.05 at 95% CI indicated statistical significance. Findings: Of the 240 respondents, 41.3% had symptoms indicative of PUD. Most students developed symptoms after enrolling at university and primarily managed them with medication. PUD-like symptoms were found to be associated with year of study, frequent Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs use, smoking, prolonged fasting and anxiety. Conclusions: PUD is highly prevalent in this setting. Therefore, the university may wish to raise awareness of PUD and aim to reduce anxiety among students.