bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Easy method for determining the frequency of O1
and O2
alleles in Brazilian blood donors by PCR-RFLP analysis
Authors: Batissoco A.C. , Zago-Novaretti M.C. , Bueno V.J. , Dorlhiac-Llacer P.E. , Chamone D.A.F. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Serologic ABO blood typing is routinely performed using anti-A and anti-B sera to distinguish four phenotypes (A, B, AB, and O). Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) and DNA sequence studies offer the possibility of direct ABO genotyping. We used polymerase chain reaction-RFLP analysis to determine the frequency of O1
and O2
alleles in 82 unrelated blood donors in São Paulo, Brazil, known to be group O. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood leukocytes by a modified salting-out method. Different genotypes (O1O1, O1O2, O2O2) were identified after digestion with restriction enzymes KpnI, HpaII, and AluI, followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Of 82 samples analyzed, 74 were O1O1
, 7 were O1O2
, and 1 was O2O2
. These results showed the frequency of O1O1, O1O2
, and O2O2
genotypes to be 90.24 percent, 8.53 percent, and 1.22 percent, respectively, in blood donors in São Paulo, Brazil.
Immunohematology 2001;17:111–116.
A successful delivery of a baby from a D––/D–– mother with strong anti-Hr0
Authors: Whang D.H. , Kim H.C. , Hur M. , Choi J.H. , Park J.S. , Han k.S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We describe the first reported case in Korea of a woman with a D––/D–– phenotype, a high-titer anti-Hr0, and the successful delivery of her newborn. The mother had a history of spontaneous abortion and artificial termination. In her third pregnancy, a live infant was delivered, but died of severe hemolytic disease of the newborn due to anti-Hr0in spite of intensive medical intervention. In her fourth pregnancy, at 22 weeks gestation, the titer of anti-Hr0 was 1024, fetal cells were direct antiglobulin test positive and the blood type was group O, D+ (CDe). We performed plasma exchanges in the mother; however, the titer of antibody rebounded to its initial level after the third plasma exchange. At 26 weeks gestation, cord blood Hb decreased to 7.1 g/dL and three intrauterine transfusions were performed using the mother’s washed red blood cells (RBCs). At 34 weeks gestation, a live baby was delivered by cesarean section. The infant was hydropic with hyperbilirubinemia and severe anemia. However, after two exchange transfusions using the washed RBCs of the mother’s sister, who was also D––/D––, laboratory and clinical findings returned to normal.
Immunohematology 2000;16:112–114.
Oceanic ridges, magma filled cracks, and mantle plumes
Authors: Weertman Johannes 
Published: May 2021

Se propone una modificación del modelo del autor, que utiliza la inyección de grietas rellenas con magma como mecanismo motor de una placa oceánica. En el modelo original se suponía que toda la placa oceánica era fría y elástica; el modelo modificado supone estas propiedades en la parte superior de la placa solamente. La parte inferior de la placa se toma como caliente y plástica, y se supone deformable a la fluencia de alta temperatura. Las grietas rellenas con magma se congelan únicamente en la parte superior y fría de la placa. Cuando una cresta es de extrusión relativamente rápida, podrá formarse una segunda cámara magmática por debajo de la cresta oceánica, en la frontera entre las zonas elástica y plástica de la placa oceánica.
Source parameters of the Orizaba earthquake of august 28, 1973
Authors: Shri Krishna Singh Singh , Wyss M. 
Published: May 2021

Se resume la teoría y la metodología con las cuales se pueden estimar parámetros focales de un temblor a partir de señales sísmicas. Se promedian 11 espectros de onda P (usando registros de corto y largos periodos por cada estación) y se combina con 11 espectros de onda G2 para definir el espectro promedio de la fuente entre periodos de 200 seg y 0.5 seg del temblor de Orizaba. El momento sísmico de este temblor de (Mb≈6.7) se estima como 4.8 10₂₆ dina cm. La frecuencia de la esquina es 0.1 cps, a partir del cual se estima el radio de la fuente como 13 km con una caída de esfuerzo de 95 bar.
ANALISIS KESIAPAN UMKM BATIK DI KOTA MADIUN DALAM PENERAPAN SAK EMKM
Authors: Luchindawati Diza Satrina , Nuraina Elva , Astuti Elly 
Published: May 2021

UMKM merupakan kegiatan usaha yang memiliki skala kecil yang bisa dikendalikan oleh kelompok maupun kumpulan orang yang memiliki tujuan untuk mendapatkan keuntungan. UMKM merupakan salah satu penyangga perekonomian sebuah negara. Namun demikian perkembangan UMKM dari tahun ke tahun kurang signifikan. Hal ini terjadi karena kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai pegelolaan keuangan usahanya. Dinas yang membawahi UMKM pada beberapa daerah mulai gencar memperkenalkan penyusunan laporan keuangan sebagai informasi untuk proses pengambilan keputusan. Sosialisasi tersebut pada umumnya menggunakan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Entitas Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (SAK EMKM) sebagai dasar hukum penyusunan laporan keuangannya. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui kesiapan dari pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) batik di Kota Madiun dalam menerapkan SAK EMKM pada laporan keuangan usahanya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pelaku UMKM batik di Kota Madiun belum siap menerapkan SAK EMKM.
FAKTOR PENENTU KUALITAS AUDIT MELALUI ANALISIS VARIABEL PROFESIONALISME, KOMPETENSI DAN INDEPENDENSI AUDITOR
Authors: Astakoni I Made Purba , Wardita I Wayan , Utami Ni Made Satya , Nursiani Ni Putu 
Published: May 2021

This study has several objectives: 1) to determine and analyze the effect of auditor professionalism on audit quality; 2) to determine and analyze the effect of auditor competence on audit quality; 3) to identify and analyze the effect of auditor independence on audit quality. This research was conducted in several public accounting firms in Denpasar City with the research subjects being all auditors. The sample in this study were all auditors in Denpasar City as many as 112 people. Data collection techniques used were interviews with questionnaires with closed multiple choice. In this study, data analysis used the Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The results of the study found that the overall strength of the model by looking at the coefficient of determination, Q-Square Predictive Relevance and Goodness of Fit (GoF) were declared very good. The first hypothesis, which states that auditor professionalism has a significant positive effect on audit quality. In testing, it was found that the professionalism of the auditors had a negative effect with a p-value below the specified standard, it means that hypothesis 1 (H1) cannot be accepted. Second hypothesis. which states that auditor competence has a significant positive effect on audit quality. In testing, it was found that the auditor's competence had a positive effect with a p-value above the set standard, it means that hypothesis 2 (H2) can be accepted. The third hypothesis, which states that auditor independence has a significant positive effect on audit quality. In testing, it was found that the auditor's independence had a positive effect with a p-value above the set standard, it means that hypothesis 3 (H3) can be accepted.
Acceleration of Production Natural Disinfectants from the Combination of Eco-Enzyme Domestic Organic Waste and Frangipani Flowers (Plumeria alba)
Authors: Made Rai Rahayu  , Nengah Muliarta , Yohanes Parlindungan Situmeang  
Published: May 2021

Spraying disinfectants is one of the efforts to prevent the transmission of COVID-19. One of the high needs for disinfectants can be overcome by using natural disinfectants or those made from natural ingredients, such as the use of eco-enzymes. The problem is that it takes 3 months to produce eco-enzyme, so it needs innovation to be able to produce it quickly. This research is an experimental study with independent variables, namely the composition of organic waste (rambutan fruit skin, corn cobs, chayote skin) as a substrate in varied eco-enzyme raw materials. Each treatment added 10% frangipani sandalwood extract. Control variables include fermentation time, water composition, brown sugar, yeast (Saccharomyches cerevisiae) with a fixed amount. The experimental results showed that the longer of fermentation time, the alcohol concentration increased, while the pH value decreased. The optimum time to produce eco-enzymes according to standard requirements for disinfecting purposes is 8-10 days, wherein the fermentation has produced an alcohol content of 60-70% and the pH of eco-enzymes has been reached below 4.0. The content of compounds in frangipani flower extract through phytochemical and GC-MS tests include terpenoids (linalool, geraniol, terpineol), quercetin from the flavonoid and citrulline groups of alkaloids and tannins which have various activities that support their role as a natural disinfectant including antibacterial, anti-fungi, and antivirals. The combination of Eco-Enzym from domestic organic waste and frangipani flower (Plumeria alba) is able to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with very strong inhibition category ranging from 31.85-34.41 mm.

Keywords: disinfectant, eco-enzyme, frangipani flowers
The Effect of Gamma Irradiation on the Growth Rate of Phosphorus and Potassium Solubilizer Multifunctional Microbes
Authors: Sukmadewi Desak Ketut Tristiana , Iswandi Anas  , Ania Citraresmin  
Published: May 2021

Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) solubilizing microbes have an important role in accelerating the solubility process of P and K sources which are difficult to dissolve. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of gamma irradiation on the growth rate of P and K solubilizer multifunctional microbes. The microbes used in this study were P and K solubilizer multifunctional bacteria (Staphylococcus pasteuri) and the P and K solubilizer multifunctional fungi (Aspergillus costaricaensis). The microbes were irradiated with gamma rays at a dose of 0; 1; 2.5 kGy. Tests for the rate of bacterial growth were observed through the results of optical density and Total Plate Count (TPC), while fungi were observed through measurement of colony diameter and TPC. Gamma irradiation effects increasing the growth rate of P and K solubilizer multifunctional bacteria (1.0 BPK 5 and 2.5 BPK 5) based on optical density values. At the time of calculating the population using TPC method, the increase in bacterial growth rate tended to be shown by isolates 2.5 BPK 5. The effect of gamma irradiation on the growth rate of fungi was indicated by the colony diameter of the isolate 1.0 BPK 5 which was wider than the wild type isolate or isolate 2.5 BPK 5. TPC results on fungi also showed that gamma irradiation affected the growth rate of fungi at 24, 96, 120, and 288 hours incubation time.

Keyword: Gamma irradiation; microbe; growth and fertilizer
Resources Used and Innovations in Teaching Vegetarian and Vegan Nutrition in Accredited Dietetics Programs in the United States
Authors: Hawkins Irana W , Mangels A. Reed 
Published: May 2021

Background: Vegetarian and vegan diets effectively reduce morbidity and mortality from many chronic diseases and are associated with reduced environmental impact. However, little is known about the role of teaching vegetarian and vegan nutrition in dietetics education in the United States. Thus, we examined the resources and methods used in teaching vegetarian/vegan nutrition in accredited dietetics programs in the United States.
Methods: A cross-sectional, internet-based survey was sent to all Accreditation Council for Education in Nutrition and Dietetics (ACEND) program directors in the United States (N = 574). Questions included queries about where vegetarian/vegan nutrition is taught in the curriculum (if at all), instructional methodologies, and the resourcesutilized. Overall, 205 program directors responded to our survey.
Results: Vegetarian/vegan nutrition was taught in a variety of courses, most commonly in introductory nutrition courses. The evidence-based resources used most often included the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (AND) Position Paper on Vegetarian Nutrition, the AND Evidence Analysis Library, and peer-reviewed studies. Hands-onfood preparation activities were commonly cited as a useful means for teaching vegetarian and vegan nutrition. Nearly 60% of 183 respondents to the relevant survey question indicated that their programs reviewed flexitarian/semi-vegetarian/low-meat diets. Innovative teaching techniques included stand-alone vegetarian nutrition courses, cu-linary experiences including recipe development and sensory evaluation, student presentations to the community, and asking students to follow vegetarian/vegan diets and then evaluate those experiences.
Conclusions: Many dietetics educators used innovative strategies to teach vegetarian/vegan nutrition. These methods offer novel experiences for students to increase self-efficacy in vegetarian/vegan nutrition that can ultimately improve public and planetary health outcomes in practice.
Hubungan Insomnia dengan Hipertensi
Authors: Edison Hendrik , Nainggolan Olwin 
Published: May 2021

Insomnia and hypertension are very common and often coexist. There is evidence to suggest that the increase in the prevalence of hypertension in the past decade may be related to an increase of the prevalence of insomnia and with a decrease in sleep duration caused by modern lifestyles. The purpose of this study was to look at the association and magnitude of risk of insomnia with hypertension. This study used secondary data from the 2014 Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS5) with respondents ≥19 years old. Conceptual framework with a risk factor model approach. Insomnia disorders are the main independent variable, and hypertension is the main dependent variable. Confounding variables are age, overweight and sex. Association of insomnia disorders to hypertension was analyzed using multiple logistic regression analysis with the significance of P value <0.05. The prevalence of insomnia sufferers aged ≥19 years old in Indonesia based on IFLS5 data was 43.7%. This analysis showed that insomnia was not associated with the incidence of hypertension P>0.05; OR: 0.937 (95% CI 0.873-1.006). The variables associated with the risk of hypertension were age ≥ 40 years old with OR: 5,246 (95% CI 4,885-5,598) and overweight with OR: 2,112 (95% CI 1,985-2,269). In this study, age and overweight contributed 18.9% to the incidence of hypertension.
Abstrak
Insomnia dan hipertensi sangat umum dan sering kali berdampingan. Bukti menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan prevalensi hipertensi dalam dekade terakhir kemungkinan terkait dengan peningkatan prevalensi insomnia dan penurunan durasi tidur yang disebabkan oleh gaya hidup modern. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan dan besaran risiko insomnia terhadap hipertensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder Indonesia Family Life Survey tahun 2014 (IFLS5) dengan responden berumur ≥19 tahun. Kerangka konsep dengan pendekatan model faktor risiko. Gangguan insomnia merupakan variabel independen utama, dan hipertensi adalah variabel dependent utama. Variabel perancu adalah umur, kelebihan berat badan (overweight) serta jenis kelamin. Untuk melihat hubungan gangguan insomnia dengan hipertensi menggunakan analisis regresi logistik berganda dengan kemaknaan P value < 0,05. Prevalensi penderita insomnia umur ≥19 tahun di Indonesia berdasarkan data IFLS5 adalah sebesar 43,7%. Analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa insomnia tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi P>0,05; OR: 0,937 (95% CI 0,873-1,006). Variabel yang berhubungan dengan risiko hipertensi adalah umur ≥ 40 tahun dengan OR: 5,246 (95% CI 4,885-5,598) serta overweight dengan OR: 2,112 (95% CI 1,985-2,269). Pada penelitian ini umur dan overweight memberikan kontribusi terhadap kejadian hipertensi sebesar 18,9%.
The Impact of Frailty on the Effectiveness and Safety of Intensive Glucose Control and Blood Pressure–Lowering Therapy for People With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the ADVANCE Trial
Authors: Nguyen Tu N. , Harris Katie , Woodward Mark , Chalmers John , Cooper Mark , Hamet Pavel , Harrap Stephen , Heller Simon , MacMahon Stephen , Mancia Giuseppe , Marre Michel , Poulter Neil , Rogers Anthony , Williams Bryan , Zoungas Sophia , Chow Clara K. , Lindley Richard I. 
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE
To develop a frailty index (FI) and explore the relationship of frailty to subsequent adverse outcomes on the effectiveness and safety of more intensive control of both blood glucose and blood pressure (BP), among participants with type 2 diabetes in the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the effectiveness and safety of intensive glucose control and BP intervention according to frailty (defined as FI &gt;0.21) status. The primary outcomes were macro- and microvascular events. The secondary outcomes were all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, severe hypoglycemia, and discontinuation of BP treatment due to hypotension/dizziness.

RESULTS
There were 11,140 participants (mean age, 65.8 years; 42.5% women, 25.7% frail). Frailty was an independent predictor of all primary outcomes and secondary outcomes. The effect of intensive glucose treatment on primary outcomes showed some evidence of attenuation in the frail: hazard ratios for combined major macro- and microvascular events 1.03 (95% CI 0.90–1.19) in the frail versus 0.84 (95% CI 0.74–0.94) in the nonfrail (P = 0.02). A similar trend was observed with BP intervention. Severe hypoglycemia rates (per 1,000 person-years) were higher in the frail: 8.39 (6.15–10.63) vs. 4.80 (3.84–5.76) in nonfrail (P &lt; 0.001). There was no significant difference in discontinuation of BP treatment between frailty groups.

CONCLUSIONS
It was possible to retrospectively estimate frailty in a trial population, and this FI identified those at higher risk of poor outcomes. Participants with frailty had some attenuation of benefit from intensive glucose-lowering and BP-lowering treatments.
Strategic Pathology of Sports and Youth Departments of Hamadan Province in the Field of Sports Based on the SWOT Model, Iran
Authors: Azizi Bisotoon , Monem Rasoul , Mohammadi Mohammad 
Published: May 2021

This study's purpose was to understand the strategic pathology of sports and youth departments of Hamadan province, Iran, based on the SWOT model. The research method is a survey. The method used was a survey, and a sample was made up of 135 people. 12 sports experts confirmed questionnaire validity (Alpha Cronbach α = 0.89). The analysis compares the averages and Friedman test and to determine the strategic position, internal factor evaluation matrices (IFE), external factor evaluation (EFE), and internal and external matrix (IE). In this regard, it is concluded that; Hamadan sports policymakers and those involved in sports should focus more on using the existing opportunities by using their internal strengths in two areas: public sports and championships.
Modelo de análise de carreiras: um estudo junto a profissionais de Tecnologia da Informação
Authors: Souza Élida Patrícia 
Published: May 2021

Com a evolução do campo de TI, os profissionais têm mais possibilidades de desenvolvimento de carreira, sendo influenciados por aspectos individuais, organizacionais e contextuais. Nesta perspectiva, foi realizada pesquisa descritivo-qualitativa, junto a 30 profissionais de TI atuantes em Minas Gerais, com o objetivo de construir um Modelo de Análise de Carreira para esses profissionais. O Modelo construído sugere que é importante considerar o momento da escolha profissional, a formação e a postura exigidas, assim como as condições da profissão de TI.
Whitening Agent : Mekanisme, Sumber dari Alam dan Teknologi Formulasinya
Authors: Soyata Amelia , Chaerunisaa Anis Yohana 
Published: May 2021

Sekarang ini adanya keinginan alamiah untuk tampil cantik khususnya pada kaum wanita telah meningkatkan kesadaran tentang pentingnya perawatan kulit dan warnanya, untuk itu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah memutihkan kulit dengan menekan produksi melanin menggunakan whitening agent, sehingga dilakukan penulisan artikel review ini dengan tujuan mengetahui jenis-jenis whitening agent, mekanismenya dan penggunaan teknologi formulasinya. Beberapa contoh whitening agent yaitu hydroquinone, ascorbic acid, kojic acid, arbutin, niacinamide, retinoid, azelaic acid, namun beberapa zat ini dapat menimbulkan permasalahan pada kulit seperti iritasi, dermatitis, alergi dan kanker kulit sehingga sekarang ini dapat digunakan whitening agent dari alam yang minim efek samping seperti temulawak, cendana, teripang, dan prunus. Mekanisme utama whitening agent adalah menghambat enzim tirosinasedan, dan untuk memaksimalkan efek whitening pada kulit telah dikembangkan teknologi formulasi menggunakan beberapa metode penghantaran seperti liposom, nanopartikel, solid lipid nanopartikel dan mikroemulsi.
Evaluation of computer-aided design software methods for assessment of the three-dimensional geometry of the canine radius
Authors: Park Karen M. , Marcellin-Little Denis J. , Garcia Tanya C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To describe methods to measure the 3-D orientation of the proximal, diaphyseal, and distal segments of the canine radius by use of computer-aided design software (CADS) and to compare the repeatability and reliability of measurements derived by those methods.

SAMPLE
31 canine radii with biapical deformities and 24 clinically normal (control) canine radii.

PROCEDURES
Select CT scans of radii were imported into a CADS program. Cartesian coordinate systems for the humerus and proximal, diaphyseal, and distal radial segments were developed. The orientation of each radial segment in the frontal, sagittal, and transverse planes was measured in triplicate by 3 methods. The repeatability and reliability of those measurements were calculated and compared among the 3 measurement methods.

RESULTS
The mean ± SD within-subject repeatability of radial angular measurements for all 3 methods was 1.40 ± 0.67° in the frontal plane, 3.17 ± 2.21° in the sagittal plane, and 3.01 ± 1.11° in the transverse plane for control radii and 2.56 ± 1.95° in the frontal plane, 3.59 ± 2.39° in the sagittal plane, and 3.47 ± 1.19° in the transverse plane for abnormal radii. Mean ± SD bias between radial measurement methods was 1.88 ± 2.07° in the frontal plane, 6.44 ± 6.80° in the sagittal plane, and 2.27 ± 2.81° in the transverse plane.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Results indicated that use of CADS to assess the 3-D orientation of the proximal, diaphyseal, and distal segments of normal and abnormal canine radii yielded highly repeatable and reliable measurements.