bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure, proximate composition, nutrient dynamics and growth characteristics of Penaeus vannamei in indoor biofloc systems with three different salinities and carbon sources
Authors: Anand Theivasigamani , Srinivasan Arasan , Padmavathy Pandurengan , Jawahar Paulraj , Sampathkumar J. Stephen 
Published: October 2021

In the biofloc systems the continuous application of carbon sources led to the assimilation of nitrogenous nutrients and formation of heterotrophic bacterial biomass. The present experiment was conducted in 0.22m3 capacity tanks in the triplicate to find out the structure, proximate composition, nutrient dynamics and growth characteristics of Penaeus vannamei in indoor biofloc systems with three different salinities (35, 20 and 5ppt) and carbon sources (molasses, sugar and rice flour) with an estimated C:N ratio of 15:1. pre salinity acclimatized P. vannamei , specific pathogen free seeds (0.2±0.04g) were stocked @100 numbers per m3 and fed 4 times a day based on the % of body weight (from 22% to 2.5%) and reared for 10 weeks. The results revealed that the carbon application at different salinities significantly influenced the biofloc structure (Scanning Electron Microscopic images of biofloc 4000x) showed round and rod-shaped structures. Proximate composition: crude protein (p<0.001), ether extract (p<0.001) and crude fibre (p<0.05) showed significant difference between treatments. Similarly, elemental carbon composition (p<0.01), nitrogenous waste assimilation of TAN (p<0.01), nitrite (p<0.05), and nitrate (p<0.05) showed significant differences in the treatments vs. the control group. The variables also influenced the microbiota abundance {the metagenomics analysis of biofloc showed Bray-Curtis overall average dissimilarity index of 81%, and it varied from 49% to 100% between treatments & controls} and growth characteristics {average body weight (p<0.001) and survival rate (p<0.01) between treatments and controls} of P. vannamei indoor biofloc systems. Hence, the application of carbon sources at different salinities influenced the biofloc structure, proximate, elemental carbon composition, biofloc microbiota abundance, enhanced the nitrogenous waste assimilation and growth performance of P. vannamei in indoor biofloc systems.
Psychosocial Impact of Childhood Cancer on Patients and their Families
Authors: Yousif Fawaz Salim , Ghali Hasanein Habeeb , Faraj Safaa Abdelilah , Farhan Mazin Faisal , Al-Hadad Salma Abbas 
Published: October 2021

Background: The presence of cancer has a profound psychological impact on the quality of life of patients and their families, on family and social relationships, and on role functioning.
Aim of the study: Assess the impact of childhood cancer on patients and their families.
Subjects and methods: A Prospective questionnaire-based study, for 151 patients, had malignancy identified by tumor registry of Children Welfare Teaching Hospital. The information was taken from the parent(s) in the presence of the patient who sometimes answered some questions during the interview.
Result: There was an interview with 151 families of children with cancer in the outpatient clinic. Sixty-two (41%) patients have leukemia while 89 (59%) have solid tumors. Boys were more than girls. Regarding patients, the mean age at the time of the interview was 10.2 years, while the mean age at diagnosis was 7.1 years. The majority of the parents accepted the diagnosis (89.4%), the rest of the parents (10.6%) were skeptical and tried to re-evaluate the condition elsewhere. More than one-half of the parents started to have quick temper (54%) after diagnosis. Most of them had sleep difficulties (83.2%) after diagnosis. Neglection of other siblings in the family was reported in more than one-half of the interviewed families (52.1%). Most of the parents lost their emotional control (69.2%) with the surrounding people after knowing the diagnosis. After an initial period of treatment, there was a decrease in the social activity of the families in 42% of cases. There was a high concern of the parents about the patient’s future marriage (69%), conception (62%), and career (52%).
Conclusions: The establishment of a multidisciplinary cancer care team including social workers, teachers, psychologists, and others to support the child and family is seems to be mandatory during the whole period of treatment and thereafter.
Transcatheter Mitral Edge-to-Edge Repair in Patients with Primary or Secondary Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Peprah Kwakye , Gunn Holly , Walter Melissa 
Published: October 2021

Four systematic reviews (SRs) and 6 retrospective cohort studies provided evidence for the clinical effectiveness of transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR) versus open heart conventional surgical mitral valve repair or replacement (SMVR) in patients with primary or secondary mitral regurgitation (MR). No relevant evidence regarding the cost-effectiveness of TMVR versus SMVR in patients with primary or secondary MR was identified; therefore, no summary can be provided.
There was evidence indicating a statistically significant difference in favour of TMVR over SMVR regarding the odds of post-procedure bleeding, need for permanent pacemaker implantation, 30-day readmission, and a shorter duration of hospitalization.
There was evidence suggesting a statistically significant difference in favour of SMVR over TMVR regarding the odds of recurrent MR, the need for reoperation, and mortality rate (i.e., during hospitalization, at 1 year, and > 3 years). Also, compared with TMVR, the likelihood of residual MR grade > 2 or freedom from MR grade ≥ 2 or ≥ 3 at 4 years was statistically significantly lower or higher, respectively, with SMVR.
Evidence regarding the comparative clinical effectiveness of TMVR versus SMVR concerning stroke, acute kidney injury (AKI), cardiogenic shock, and death during hospitalization was conflicting and inconclusive.
There was no evidence of a significant difference between the 2 interventions regarding overall mortality or mortality at 5 years, overall survival, freedom from cardiac death at 4 years, cardiac arrest, acute myocardial infarction (MI), and respiratory or vascular complications.
A major limitation of the evidence was that it derives from studies of low or unknown quality and risk of bias, Furthermore, all the findings are confounded by differences in patient selection, which reflect the approved indications for the interventions but prevent a direct comparison between the TMVR and SMVR groups.
SeaFlux: harmonization of air–sea CO2 fluxes from surface pCO2 data products using a standardized approach
Authors: Fay Amanda R. , Gregor Luke , Landschützer Peter , McKinley Galen A. , Gruber Nicolas , Gehlen Marion , Iida Yosuke , Laruelle Goulven G. , Rödenbeck Christian , Roobaert Alizée , Zeng Jiye 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Air–sea flux of carbon dioxide (CO2) is a critical component
of the global carbon cycle and the climate system with the ocean removing
about a quarter of the CO2 emitted into the atmosphere by human
activities over the last decade. A common approach to estimate this net flux
of CO2 across the air–sea interface is the use of surface ocean
CO2 observations and the computation of the flux through a bulk
parameterization approach. Yet, the details for how this is done in order to
arrive at a global ocean CO2 uptake estimate vary greatly, enhancing
the spread of estimates. Here we introduce the ensemble data product,
SeaFlux (Gregor and Fay, 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5482547​​​​​​​,
https://github.com/luke-gregor/pySeaFlux, last access: 9 September 2021​​​​​​​); this resource enables users to
harmonize an ensemble of products that interpolate surface ocean CO2
observations to near-global coverage with a common methodology to fill in
missing areas in the products. Further, the dataset provides the inputs to
calculate fluxes in a consistent manner. Utilizing six global
observation-based mapping products (CMEMS-FFNN, CSIR-ML6, JENA-MLS, JMA-MLR,
MPI-SOMFFN, NIES-FNN), the SeaFlux ensemble approach adjusts for
methodological inconsistencies in flux calculations. We address differences
in spatial coverage of the surface ocean CO2 between the mapping
products, which ultimately yields an increase in CO2 uptake of up to
17 % for some products. Fluxes are calculated using three wind products
(CCMPv2, ERA5, and JRA55). Application of a scaled gas exchange coefficient
has a greater impact on the resulting flux than solely the choice of wind
product. With these adjustments, we present an ensemble of global surface
ocean pCO2 and air–sea carbon flux estimates. This work aims to support
the community effort to perform model–data intercomparisons which will help
to identify missing fluxes as we strive to close the global carbon budget.
The NIEER AVHRR snow cover extent product over China – a long-term daily snow record for regional climate research
Authors: Hao Xiaohua , Huang Guanghui , Che Tao , Ji Wenzheng , Sun Xingliang , Zhao Qin , Zhao Hongyu , Wang Jian , Li Hongyi , Yang Qian 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. A long-term Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) snow cover extent (SCE) product from 1981 until 2019 over
China has been generated by the snow research team in the Northwest Institute
of Eco-Environment and Resources (NIEER), Chinese Academy of Sciences. The
NIEER AVHRR SCE product has a spatial resolution of 5 km and a
daily temporal resolution, and it is a completely gap-free product, which is
produced through a series of processes such as the quality control, cloud
detection, snow discrimination, and gap-filling (GF). A comprehensive
validation with reference to ground snow-depth measurements during snow
seasons in China revealed the overall accuracy is 87.4 %, the producer's
accuracy was 81.0 %, the user's accuracy was 81.3 %, and the Cohen's
kappa (CK) value was 0.717. Another validation with reference to higher-resolution
snow maps derived from Landsat-5 Thematic Mapper (TM) images demonstrates an
overall accuracy of 87.3 %, a producer's accuracy of 86.7 %, a user's
accuracy of 95.7 %, and a Cohen's kappa value of 0.695. These accuracies
were significantly higher than those of currently existing AVHRR products. For
example, compared with the well-known JASMES AVHRR product, the overall
accuracy increased approximately 15 %, the omission error dropped from 60.8 % to 19.7 %, the commission error dropped from 31.9 % to
21.3 %, and the CK value increased by more than 114 %. The new AVHRR
product is already available at https://doi.org/10.11888/Snow.tpdc.271381 (Hao
et al., 2021).
Evaluating integrated water management strategies to inform hydrological drought mitigation
Authors: Wendt Doris E. , Bloomfield John P. , Van Loon Anne F. , Garcia Margaret , Heudorfer Benedikt , Larsen Joshua , Hannah David M. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract. Managing water–human systems during water shortages or droughts is key to avoid the overexploitation of water resources and, in particular, groundwater. Groundwater is a crucial water resource during droughts as it sustains both environmental and anthropogenic water demand. Drought management is often guided by drought policies, to avoid crisis management, and actively introduced management strategies. However, the impact of drought management strategies on hydrological droughts is rarely assessed.
In this study, we present a newly developed socio-hydrological model, simulating the relation between water availability and managed water use over 3 decades. Thereby, we aim to assess the impact of drought policies on both baseflow and groundwater droughts. We tested this model in an idealised virtual catchment based on climate data, water resource management practices and drought policies in England. The model includes surface water storage (reservoir), groundwater storage for a range of hydrogeological conditions and optional imported surface water or groundwater. These modelled water sources can all be used to satisfy anthropogenic and environmental water demand. We tested the following four aspects of drought management strategies: (1) increased water supply, (2) restricted water demand, (3) conjunctive water use and (4) maintained environmental flow requirements by restricting groundwater abstractions. These four strategies were evaluated in separate and combined scenarios. Results show mitigated droughts for both baseflow and groundwater droughts in scenarios applying conjunctive use, particularly in systems with small groundwater storage. In systems with large groundwater storage, maintaining environmental flows reduces hydrological droughts most. Scenarios increasing water supply or restricting water demand have an opposing effect on hydrological droughts, although these scenarios are in balance when combined at the same time. Most combined scenarios reduce the severity and occurrence of hydrological droughts, given an incremental dependency on imported water that satisfies up to a third of the total anthropogenic water demand. The necessity for importing water shows the considerable pressure on water resources, and the delicate balance of water–human systems during droughts calls for short-term and long-term sustainability targets within drought policies.
Caracteristicas dos óbitos por COVID-19 na Paraíba e no Brasil segundo diferentes fontes de dados
Authors: Ferreira Assel Muratovna , Moura Lucas de Almeida , Paes Neir Antunes 
Published: October 2021

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a qualidade dos dados de óbitos por COVID-19 no Brasil e no Estado da Paraíba, captados por diferentes portais oficiais do governo brasileiro, ocorridos da 12ª a 35ª semana epidemiológica do ano de 2020. Foi realizada a quantificação dos totais de óbitos por COVID-19 desagregada por faixa etária e sexo, com análise dos eventos de ocorrência de picos da pandemia, do “time lag” e a razão de sexo. No contexto estadual, tomando a SES como referência, a subnotificação de óbitos alcançou no caso do Painel, 7,6%; no SIM, 11,2%; Registro Civil por data de ocorrência de óbito, 20,3% e do Registro Civil por data de registro de óbito, 25,4%. A fonte que menos registrou óbitos por COVID-19 no país foi a do Portal da Transparência (data do registro). A análise da razão de sexo revelou tanto para o Brasil, quanto para o estado maior mortalidade entre homens, com pico da razão de sexo na faixa etária de 40 a 49 anos. Alerta-se para o fato de que qualquer fonte que se use como base para a construção de indicadores para COVID-19 no Brasil e na Paraíba, está subnotificada e, portanto, podem comprometer severamente todo e qualquer indicador construído sobre a mortalidade.
Anemia and Mineral Bone Disorders in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease on Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Anees Muhammad , Ahmad Sajjad , Raja Khalid Mahmood , Mushtaq Mirrah , Ibrahim Muhammad 
Published: October 2021

Objective: To observe the pattern of anemia and mineral bone disorders (MBD)in patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) at Nephrology Department, Mayo Hospital and Shalamar Hospital, Lahore.
Methodology: Two hundred patients who were undergoing MHD for more than three months were included in the study. Patients with Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) were excluded from the study. Patient’s demographic data, laboratory reports and dialysis record were noted in a predesigned proforma.
Results: Two hundred patients were included in study, 105(52.5%) were male and rest of them were female. Major cause of ESRD was Diabetes Mellitus 83 (41.5%) followed by Hypertension 80 (40%) and Nephrolithiasis 15 (7.5%). Most of the patients belonged to middle age group, poor socioeconomic class, lower level of education and were getting twice-weekly dialysis. Mean hemoglobin was 10.17±1.69 gm/L and most of the patients 137 (68.5%) were anemic with hemoglobin level less than 11gm/dl. Iron was adequate in 170 (85%) patients with transferrin saturation more than 20%. Hypocalcemia (<8.5mg/dl), hypophosphatemia and calcium phosphorus product was less than 55 in 138(69%), 42(21%), 175(87.5%) respectively. Intact PTH was less than 100 pg/ml in 16(8.0%) patients supporting adynamic bone disease according to KDOQI guidelines and rest of the patients 184(92%) were having Intact PTH more than 100 pg/ml.
Conclusion: In this study, most of the patients were anemic most probably due to low dose of EPO and inadequate dialysis. High turnover and mixed bone disorders were present in majority of the patients.
Opinion: Peritoneal Dialysis In Pakistan: An Insider’s View. State of Affairs and Planning?
Authors: Qayyum Ahad 
Published: October 2021

Pakistan has an estimated population of 212 million while the incidence of end stage renal disease in Pakistan is 100 patients per million; hence approximately 22,000 patients require maintenance dialysis to sustain life in our country. Remarkably peritoneal dialysis (PD) as a form of maintenance renal replacement is utilized in less than one per cent of these patients. In the absence of a formal dialysis registry, we place the total number of chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients (CAPD) in Pakistan at approximately 76 excluding holiday patients who are visiting from abroad (*This figure was estimated by enquiring the total number of patients each PD units care in Pakistan. This figure was corroborated with the sole distributor of CAPD fluids in Pakistan.).
Peritoneal Dialysis Related Infection – Peritonitis Management and Prevention
Authors: Brown Edwina A 
Published: October 2021

Peritonitis is one of the major risks of peritoneal dialysis (PD) causing signiﬁcant morbidity and in some instances, mortality. It is one of the principal causes of transfer to hemodialysis (HD). Peritonitis rates should be audited by units. The recommended rate by the ISPD is less than 0.5 episodes/year
Nutritional Status of Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis as Assessed by Mini Nutritional Assessment Survey- Short Form and Anthropometric Measurements.
Authors: Rizvi Nabiha , Baig Moeena 
Published: October 2021

Protein calorie malnutrition is common in chronic kidney disease patients especially on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Multiple factors including mainly frequency and adequacy of dialysis and dietary habits may result in malnutrition besides other comorbidities. Different tools have been designed to analyze the nutritional status of dialysis patients including subjective global assessment, malnutrition inflammation score, Mini Nutritional Assessment– Short Form (MNA-SF) and several others. We assessed the nutritional status of our MHD patients using Mini Nutritional Assessment–Short Form (MNASF)
Methods
Total of 44 patients aged between 13 to 64 years, undergoing MHD for at least 6 months were included in the study.
Results
Out of 44 patients 63% patients were malnourished, 34% were at risk of malnutrition and 3% were having normal nutritional status according to MNA-SF. The mean of mid-arm circumference was low even in the presence of mean albumin and BMI within the normal range.
Conclusion Nutrition is a neglected aspect of the dialysis patients. Multiple factors including poor socioeconomic status, lack of knowledge and poor dietary compliance lead to significant malnutrition among MHD patients.
Mise en place d’un registre de Cancer au Sénégal : Résultats préliminaires
Authors: Baldé S , Ba O , Diop M , Boye A , Diouf G , Fall T , Dia D , Mbengue M 
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION : Le Sénégal avec l’appui de l’OMS a entrepris la mise en place d’un Registre national de cancers. L’objectif de ce travail était d’évaluer les résultats préliminaires. MATERIELS ET METHODES : Nous avons mené une étude préliminaire non exhaustive sur une période de trois mois allant du premier janvier 2013 au 31 mars 2013 au niveau de quatre hôpitaux de Dakar. RESULTATS : Deux cent quatre-vingt-neuf cas ont été recensés. Il s’agissait de 127 hommes (44%) et de 126 femmes (56%) avec une sex-ratio de 0,8. L’âge variait entre 20 à 90 ans avec une moyenne de 50 ans. Le mode de diagnostic principal était essentiellement histologique avec 76% des cas (n=219). Les localisations les plus fréquentes étaient : ORL (25% des cas), hépatique (7% des cas) et broncho-pulmonaire (4,5% des cas). Chez l’homme, le cancer du foie était la localisation la plus fréquente et chez la femme le cancer du col de l’utérus avec 16%. Le carcinome épidermoïde constitue le type histologique le plus fréquent avec 68% des cas suivis de loin par l’adénocarcinome avec 22% des cas. Trente-huit pour cent des patients étaient classés stade III et IV. Un quart de nos patients ont bénéficié d’un traitement palliatif. En revanche, 15 (15%) ont bénéficié de la chimiothérapie et 4% de radiothérapie. Le recueil de données était satisfaisant. CONCLUSION : Le cancer est une réalité sous-diagnostiqué au Sénégal. Les résultats préliminaires encouragent à rendre effectif le registre des cancers dans l’ensemble du pays.
Résultats carcinologiques et fonctionnels des laryngectomies pour cancer du larynx à l’Hôpital Principal de Dakar
Authors: Lame C A , Loum B , Diallo T B , Ndiaye C B , Diouf A , Ndiaye M , Diallo B K 
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION : Le retard diagnostique des cancers du larynx grève le pronostic et impose souvent une chirurgie très mutilante. OBJECTIF : Rapporter les résultats carcinologiques et fonctionnels de la chirurgie pour cancers du larynx à l’Hôpital Principal de Dakar. MATERIELS ET METHODES : Il s’agissait d’une étude rétrospective monocentrique réalisée de janvier 2009 à décembre 2014 au sein du service d’ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale de l’Hôpital Principal de Dakar incluant les patients adultes porteurs d’un cancer du larynx traité par chirurgie à visée curative. RESULTATS : Cinquante patients ont été pris en charge pour cancer du larynx. Trente-sept d’entre eux ont bénéficié d’une laryngectomie. Les lésions classées cT2 représentaient 14%, et 16% étaient classées cT1. Il s’agissait presque exclusivement de carcinomes épidermoïdes (36/37). Une radiothérapie avait complété la chirurgie dans 11 cas avec un délai moyen de 2,75 mois. Sur le plan fonctionnel, des troubles de la déglutition étaient retrouvés chez deux patients avec deux cas de sténoses pharyngo-œsophagienne et un cas de fausses routes alimentaires. Sur le plan carcinologique, six malades ont présenté une poursuite évolutive tandis que quatre ont fait une récidive tumorale ou ganglionnaire. Un patient a présenté une métastase pulmonaire. La survie globale à 7 ans était de 33%. CONCLUSION : Le préjudice fonctionnel dans la chirurgie du cancer du larynx est important et au plan carcinologique les résultats, quoique satisfaisants, peuvent être améliorés avec une meilleure disponibilité des traitements adjuvants.
Profils épidémiologiques et diagnostiques des carcinomes épidermoïdes mammaires à l’Institut Joliot Curie de Dakar
Authors: Khairane Mohamed , Charfi Mohammed Ezzet , Ka Sidy , Dem Ahmadou 
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION : Le cancer du sein représente le premier cancer de la femme et constitue clairement un véritable problème de santé publique. Même si l’adénocarcinome reste de loin le type histologique le plus fréquent, ils existent d’autres types dont la fréquence est variable. Une forme particulière qui est le carcinome épidermoïde retient notre attention. MATERIELS ET METHODES : Les dossiers cliniques des patientes consultants à l’Institut Joliot Curie de Dakar entre le 1er janvier 2016 et le 30 juin 2020 ont été revus. Nous avons retenu les cas des carcinomes épidermoïdes mammaires purs ou mixtes. RESULTATS : Notre étude avait porté sur trois observations reçues et traitées à l’Institut Joliot Curie de Dakar. Ces patientes avaient 48, 50 et 48 ans respectivement. Elles n’avaient pas d’antécédents pathologiques particuliers. Elles étaient toutes ménopausées. Elles avaient consulté suite à une autopalpation d’un nodule mammaire. La biopsie avait conclu à un carcinome épidermoïde mammaire. Deux des trois patientes étaient en stade métastatique. CONCLUSION : A la fin de notre étude, nous recommandons une étude à plus large échelle incluant plusieurs centres. Les séquences thérapeutiques doivent être mieux évaluées et comparées à la forme la plus fréquente qui est l’adénocarcinome canalaire infiltrant.