bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review and meta‐analysis on the impact of the levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine system in reducing risk of ovarian cancer
Authors: D’Alessandro Gloria , Frigerio Matteo , Barra Fabio , Costantini Sergio , Gustavino Claudio , Ferrero Simone 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackgroundOvarian carcinoma (OC) is one of the most widespread tumors in the world and is characterized by low survival rates.ObjectiveTo determine whether the levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine system (LNG‐IUS) can prevent OC.Search strategyThe literature until December 2020 were systematically reviewed according to the PRISMA Statement for Reporting Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42019137957).Selection criteriaStudies assessing the impact of LNG‐IUS on the risk of OC were included.Data collection and analysisData were extracted independently by two authors to ensure accuracy and consistency.Main resultsA total of 34 323 records were obtained, of which three satisfied the inclusion criteria. In total, 1687 events of OC in a population of 20 461 311 person‐years were considered. Data pooling revealed that the use of LNG‐IUS did not confer a lower risk of OC relative to the never‐use of LNG‐IUS, with an estimated odds ratio of 0.66 (95% confidence interval 0.41–1.08; I2 = 84%; P = 0.002).ConclusionThe meta‐analysis did not demonstrate a preventive role of LNG‐IUS on OC. However, it was carried out on a few papers, and a definitive conclusion on the topic still cannot be drawn. Further studies are indicated in the future to define the impact of LNG‐IUS on OC.The meta‐analysis carried out on three papers did not demonstrate a preventive role of the levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine device on ovarian cancer.
Robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy via retroperitoneal approach in a patient with horseshoe kidney
Authors: Uketa Shoko , Shimizu Yousuke , Yamaguchi Ritsuki , Utsunomiya Noriaki , Kanamaru Sojun 
Published: May 2021

IntroductionHorseshoe kidney is a renal fusion anomaly often associated with ectopia, malformation, and vascular changes. Robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy is selected for patients with T1a renal cell carcinoma; however, there are few reports of renal cell carcinoma in horseshoe kidney. We present a case of robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy via a retroperitoneal approach in a patient with horseshoe kidney with a brief literature review.Case presentationAn 84‐year‐old woman presented with a 2‐cm mass in horseshoe kidney. She underwent robot‐assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy via a retroperitoneal approach.ConclusionThe use of robot‐assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in patients with horseshoe kidney is very rare, and only four cases have been reported. Because of the unique anatomical structure, surgeons need to consider surgical strategy more carefully, considering tumor location, vascular anatomy, and past history of abdominal surgery.
A novel lncRNA LOLA1 may predict malignant progression and promote migration, invasion, and EMT of oral leukoplakia via the AKT/GSK‐3β pathway
Authors: Liu Wei , Yao Yilin , Shi Linjun , Tang Guoyao , Wu Lan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAlthough dysregulation and dysfunction of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in malignant behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), whether aberrant lncRNAs play a role in the carcinogenesis of oral leukoplakia (OL) as the best‐known precursor of OSCC remains undetermined. Differentially expressed lncRNAs in the occurrence and progression of OL were studied by microarray and quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). We found a novel key lncRNA n386251 that we named LOLA1 (lncRNA oral leukoplakia progressed associated 1) in the OL progression. The results of qRT‐PCR revealed that LOLA1 aberrant expression was validated in tissue samples and cell lines from the normal oral mucosa, OL to OSCC. Fluorescent in situ hybridization showed that LOLA1 expression localized predominately at the cytoplasm of Leuk1 cells. Cell function assays showed that LOLA1 significantly influenced cell migration, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) protein expression. Potential mechanism experiments revealed that AKT/GSK‐3β signaling was involved in the regulatory mechanism of LOLA1 in OL progression. Remarkably, Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that LOLA1 overexpression could predict malignant events of OL progression to OSCC. In conclusion, the current study for the first time profiled and validated the key lncRNAs related to OL progression. Importantly, we demonstrated that a novel lncRNA LOLA1 upregulation was associated with OL malignant progression, suggesting LOLA1 may be a predictive biomarker. Moreover, LOLA1 may promote migration, invasion, and EMT process in OL malignant progression via AKT/GSK‐3β pathway.
Self‐reported emotion regulation difficulties in psychosis: Psychometric properties of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS‐16)
Authors: Lawlor Caroline , Vitoratou Silia , Hepworth Claire , Jolley Suzanne 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjectiveIndividuals with psychosis self‐report difficulties in understanding, relating, and responding to emotions as treatment priorities, yet we lack comprehensive, reliable, and valid assessments for routine clinical use.MethodsThe psychometric properties of a brief version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale‐16 (DERS‐16) were examined using anonymized data from a sample of 150 outpatients with psychosis.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis supported the five‐factor structure of the DERS‐16. The model fit was further improved by omitting two items. Measurement invariance was shown with respect to age and gender. The DERS‐16 demonstrated good internal consistency, well comparable to the original DERS. Evidence toward convergent validity is also presented.ConclusionFindings suggest that the DERS‐16 is a reliable and valid measure of self‐reported emotion regulation difficulties in individuals with psychosis. Further research on the clinical utility of the DERS‐16 is needed, including examination of its test–retest reliability and predictive validity in response to targeted interventions.
Structural analysis of hollow versus solid‐stemmed shoulder implants of proximal humeri with different bone qualities
Authors: Soltanmohammadi Pendar , Tavakoli Amir , Langohr G. Daniel G. , Athwal George S. , Willing Ryan 
Published: May 2021

AbstractStress shielding of the proximal humerus following total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) can promote unfavorable bone remodeling, especially for osteoporotic patients. The objective of this finite element (FE) study was to determine if a hollow, rather than solid, titanium stem can mitigate this effect for healthy, osteopenic, and osteoporotic bone. Using a population‐based model of the humerus, representative average healthy, osteopenic, and osteoporotic humerus FE models were created. For each model, changes in bone and implant stresses following TSA were evaluated for different loading scenarios and compared between solid versus hollow‐stemmed implants. For cortical bone, using an implant decreased von Mises stress with respect to intact values up to 34.4%, with a more pronounced effect at more proximal slices. In the most proximal slice, based on changes in strain energy density, hollow‐stemmed implants outperformed solid‐stemmed ones through reducing cortical bone volume with resorption potential by 11.7% ± 2.1% (p = .01). For cortical bone in this slice, the percentage of bone with resorption potential for the osteoporotic bone was greater than the healthy bone by 8.0% ± 1.4% using the hollow‐stemmed implant (p = .04). These results suggest a small improvement in bone‐implant mechanics using hollow‐stemmed humeral implants and indicate osteoporosis could exacerbate stress shielding to some extent. The hollow stems maintained adequate strength and using even thinner walls may further reduce stress shielding. After further developing these models, future studies could yield optimized implant designs tuned for varying bone qualities.
Fentanyl detection and quantification using portable Raman spectroscopy in community drug checking
Authors: Gozdzialski Lea , Ramsay Margo , Larnder Ashley , Wallace Bruce , Hore Dennis K. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractCommunity‐based drug checking has emerged as a harm reduction practice aimed at people who use drugs. Using a portable Raman spectrometer and the statistical method of partial least squares regression, a model was developed to quantify fentanyl in both powder binary mixtures and more complex ternary mixtures. The model was then applied to samples collected over a 2‐year period while operating the drug checking service. As an unpredictable drug supply will always pose a risk for quantification with portable drug checking technologies, we implement check steps that guide the harm reduction decisions and conversations surrounding quantitative results.
A Q statistic with constant weights for assessing heterogeneity in meta‐analysis
Authors: Kulinskaya Elena , Hoaglin David C. , Bakbergenuly Ilyas , Newman Joseph 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe conventional Q statistic, using estimated inverse‐variance (IV) weights, underlies a variety of problems in random‐effects meta‐analysis. In previous work on standardized mean difference and log‐odds‐ratio, we found superior performance with an estimator of the overall effect whose weights use only group‐level sample sizes. The Q statistic with those weights has the form proposed by DerSimonian and Kacker. The distribution of this Q and the Q with IV weights must generally be approximated. We investigate approximations for those distributions, as a basis for testing and estimating the between‐study variance (τ2). A simulation study, with mean difference as the effect measure, provides a framework for assessing accuracy of the approximations, level and power of the tests, and bias in estimating τ2. Two examples illustrate estimation of τ2 and the overall mean difference. Use of Q with sample‐size‐based weights and its exact distribution (available for mean difference and evaluated by Farebrother's algorithm) provides precise levels even for very small and unbalanced sample sizes. The corresponding estimator of τ2 is almost unbiased for 10 or more small studies. This performance compares favorably with the extremely liberal behavior of the standard tests of heterogeneity and the largely biased estimators based on inverse‐variance weights.
DoFinTechand financial incumbents have different experiences and perspectives on the adoption of artificial intelligence?
Authors: Zhang Bryan Zheng , Ashta Arvind , Barton Mary Emma 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAlthough FinTechs and incumbents are applying artificial intelligence (AI) differently, they both expect that the status‐quo will likely be maintained through collaboration rather than competition. Both perceive BigTechs as a strategic threat given their AI capabilities and their entrance into financial services. Incumbents are experimenting with more different kinds of AI than FinTechs: FinTechs use the technologies for new products and services while incumbents are using them for incremental innovations to existing products and services. The incumbents expect that adopting AI will lead to a loss in jobs of 9% over the next 10 years and, because these companies represent a large percentage of the workforce (median company size surveyed has more than 10,000 employees), this loss in jobs cannot be compensated by the 19% increase in jobs provided by existing FinTechs (median company size surveyed has less than 50 employees). AI can reduce and increase risk, and most incumbents and FinTechs agree that there will be no effect on risk at the organizational level but that there will be an increase in risk at the societal level. While both FinTechs and incumbents agree on the relative importance of legal and human hurdles and consider the biggest hurdle is related to data and regulations concerning data, FinTechs perceive these hurdles to be greater than do incumbents.
From the internet of things toward the internet of bodies: Ethical and legal considerations
Authors: El‐Khoury Moufid , Arikan Cenk Lacin 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe proliferation of the internet of things makes the gray area of ethics darker and lighter simultaneously, and the law is currently not construed to accompany the steady progression toward the internet of bodies. The internet of things is challenging the traditional construct of ownership, and users are progressively losing control over their IoT devices. The internet of bodies is the awaiting new normal where human bodies and minds form a connected network pervaded by the Internet. The integrity of human bodies will rely more and more on the internet. In this context, the future calls for a balance between divergent interests of appealing technological progress and vital human safety.
Effects of climate change and crop management on changes in rice phenology in China from 1981 to 2010
Authors: Chen Jie , Liu Yujie , Zhou Weimo , Zhang Jie , Pan Tao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDCrop phenology change is co‐determined by climate change and adaptation strategies, such as crop management, but their combined and isolated impacts on rice phenology are still unclear. Quantifying the impacts and identifying the main contributors are critical to food security under climate change. Thus we distinguished and quantified the relative contribution of climate change and crop management to rice (Oryza sativa L.) phenological changes in China from 1981 to 2010, using a first‐difference multivariate regression method.RESULTSRice phenology has changed over the past 30 years in China. The mean length of the phenological stage from emergence to transplanting was shortened, whereas the mean length of the stage from transplanting to heading, from heading to maturity, was prolonged. The relative contribution of crop management was greater than that of climate change for single and late rice, which took up over 90% of the total change in certain phenology stages. Among the climatic factors, temperature was the dominant contributor, which accounted for more than 50% of the change in rice phenology. The stage from transplanting to heading of early rice and late rice had strongly negative sensitivities to increasing temperature.CONCLUSIONSCrop management has offset the adverse effects of climate change on single and early rice phenology in China over the past 30 years to some extent, while further adaptation measures such as adjusting sowing date, shifting rice varieties, applying nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation should be applied to late rice in southern China, especially in a warmer future. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Impact of xylanase‐treated wheat milling by‐products on the physical and chemical properties of cakes
Authors: Çakır Nurşen , Bilgiçli Nermin , Yaver Elif 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDWheat milling by‐products (germ and bran) are rich in dietary fiber, protein, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. In this study, wheat milling by‐products (bran obtained by debranning (BOD), coarse bran, fine bran and wheat germ) were used in the production of cake at different ratios (0–30%) after treatment with xylanase. Xylanase was used to improve the technological properties of the by‐products and thus improve end‐product quality.RESULTSAs the by‐products ratio increased in cake formulation, ash, protein, fat, crude fiber, phytic acid and mineral content significantly (P < 0.05) increased. In terms of by‐product type, phytic acid content of the cakes changed between 1.14 and 2.55 g kg−1, and the lowest value was obtained in cakes prepared with BOD. The highest protein, Mn and Zn contents were found in cake samples containing wheat germ, whereas the addition of BOD revealed greater crude fiber, Ca and Fe levels in cake samples than the other by‐products. Xylanase treatment resulted in increments in volume and decrements in hardness and color lightness values of cakes.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that the use of the wheat by‐products after treatment with xylanase had an improving effect on the quality and nutritive value of cakes. The results obtained in this study provided a basis for the use of xylanase in enriched cake production. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Prevention schemes for future fresh agricultural products (FAPs) supply chain: mathematical model and experience of guaranteeing the supply of FAPs during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Yin Shi , Bai Lan , Zhang Runqing 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe COVID‐19 outbreak caused short‐term disruptions in the supply chain of fresh agricultural products (FAPs), which exposed the vulnerability of the existing FAP supply chain. With pandemic control being widely coordinated, the supply chain of FAPs was gradually optimized and improved. However, after the outbreak of COVID‐19, achieving an effective supply of FAPs in future pandemics has become a key issue. The present work therefore aimed to construct a three‐level supply chain based on the Stackelberg game model, consisting of suppliers, third‐party logistics (TPL), and retailers, to guarantee the supply of FAPs. COVID‐19 pandemic factors such as virus infection coefficients and pandemic prevention efforts were fully integrated into the model.RESULTSCompared with the wholesale prices of FAPs, preservation efforts and pandemic prevention efforts have huge impacts on the retail prices of FAPs. When suppliers are in the leading position, the quality assurance effort level is positively correlated with the optimal profit. Compared with this situation, when FAP retailers are in the leading position, TPL providers show higher levels of pandemic prevention effort and FAP preservation effort. With an increase in consumer preference for pandemic prevention, the profits of supply‐chain members when FAP retailers are in the leading position will gradually increase.CONCLUSIONThis study reveals an effective supply mechanism for FAPs in metropolitan areas during the COVID‐19 pandemic and describes the authors' experience of guaranteeing the quality and safety of FAPs for future pandemic cases. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Systematic Review of Bilateral Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Authors: Karamy Babak , Zhang Han , Archibald Jason 
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesTo evaluate the success rates of canalith repositioning maneuvers (CRM) in the treatment of patients diagnosed with bilateral benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BiBPPV).Study DesignSystematic review.MethodsA comprehensive search of only English studies in PubMed, Ovid (1946 to the present), and Embase (1974 to the present) databases was done up until January 1, 2021. Studies that diagnosed patients with BiBPPV specifically and evaluated the CRM success from all published years were included. Studies were excluded if follow‐up was less than 6 months or if they failed to distinguish BiBPPV from ipsilateral multi‐canal BPPV. A total of nine studies were included with a total study population of 325 patients. Included studies were evaluated for bias with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Study Quality Assessment Tool. Success rates of CRM, number of treatments required, and disease recurrence rates were extracted.ResultsThe overall success rate was compiled using a fixed‐effect binary inverse variance model and was 95.2% (CI: 92.9%–97.5%). A qualitative review suggested treating the more affected side first on separate visits until resolved, followed by contralateral treatment (recommendation). The mean number of treatments was 2.9 (CI: 2.4–3.4), and the recurrence rate was 19.8% (CI: 11.7%–27.9%). There was a higher proportion of trauma etiology of BiBPPV compared to unilateral, with an odds ratio of 8.9 (CI: 5.1–15.3).ConclusionsOverall, this meta‐analysis shows high success rates for CRM in the treatment of BiBPPV. Rates are similar to CRM efficacy for unilateral BPPV. Laryngoscope, 132:640–647, 2022
Synthesizing 35 years of seagrass spatial data from the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area, Queensland, Australia
Authors: Carter Alex B. , McKenna Skye A. , Rasheed Michael A. , Collier Catherine , McKenzie Len , Pitcher Roland , Coles Rob 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area in Queensland, Australia contains globally significant seagrasses supporting key ecosystem services, including habitat and food for threatened populations of dugong and turtle. We compiled 35 years of data in a spatial database, including 81,387 data points with georeferenced seagrass and species presence/absence, depth, dominant sediment type, and collection date. We include data collected under commercial contract that have not been publicly available. Twelve seagrass species were recorded. The deepest seagrass was found at 76 m. Seagrass meadows are at risk from anthropogenic, climate and weather processes. Our database is a valuable resource that provides coastal managers and the global marine community with a long‐term spatial resource describing seagrass populations from the mid‐1980s against which to benchmark change. We address the data issues involved in hindcasting over 30 years to ensure confidence in the accuracy and reliability of data included.
Isotropic packing algorithm for particle simulations
Authors: Coppola Stephen , Silverberg Larry M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis article introduces the R2 Fill method, which is an algorithm for filling a region with particles isotropically. The method's isotropy is tested geometrically and then mechanically with the Discrete Element Method (DEM). It applies to planar and three‐dimensional problems and is simpler to implement and has competitive metrics compared to other Advancing Front packing algorithms. The DEM formulation used in this paper provides a way to model solid materials and eliminate residual stress created in any particle packing algorithm. The R2 Fill method was tested over ranges of particle sizes. At large size ranges the method generated a higher coordinate number and denser particle packing, with 79.718% fill at the maximum tested size range. The geometric isotropy was improved at higher size ranges yielding less than a 1% isotropic error. The method also had fewer particles than the similar and more complex algorithm by Yongjun Li. Lastly we tested mechanical isotropy by using our DEM formulation to measure the stress–strain response under a tensile load at different orientations. The R2 Fill method produced mechanical isotropy within 2% error for the elastic moduli, shear moduli, and Poisson ratio.
A stable mixed finite element method for nearly incompressible linear elastostatics
Authors: Valseth Eirik , Romkes Albert , Kaul Austin R. , Dawson Clint 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWe present a new, stable, mixed finite element (FE) method for linear elastostatics of nearly incompressible solids. The method is the automatic variationally stable FE method of Calo et al., in which we consider a Petrov–Galerkin weak formulation where the stress and displacement variables are in the space H(div) and H1, respectively. This allows us to employ a fully conforming FE discretization for any elastic solid using classical FE subspaces of H(div) and H1. Hence, the resulting FE approximation yields both continuous stresses and displacements. To ensure stability of the method, we employ the philosophy of the discontinuous Petrov–Galerkin method of Demkowicz and Gopalakrishnan and use optimal test spaces. Thus, the resulting FE discretization is stable even as the Poisson's ratio , and the system of linear algebraic equations is symmetric and positive definite. Our method also comes with a built‐in a posteriori error estimator as well as indicators which are used to drive mesh adaptive refinements. We present several numerical verifications of our method including comparisons to existing FE technologies.