bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innate gut microbiota predisposes to high alcohol consumption
Authors: Ezquer Fernando , Quintanilla Maria Elena , Moya‐Flores Francisco , Morales Paola , Munita José Manuel , Olivares Belén , Landskron Glauben , Hermoso Marcela A. , Ezquer Marcelo , Herrera‐Marschitz Mario , Israel Yedy 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGut microbiota is known to be transferred from the mother to their offspring. This study determines whether the innate microbiota of rats selectively bred for generations as high alcohol drinkers play a role in their alcohol intake. Wistar‐derived high‐drinker UChB rats (intake 10‐g ethanol/kg/day) administered nonabsorbable oral antibiotics before allowing access to alcohol, reducing their voluntary ethanol intake by 70%, an inhibition that remained after the antibiotic administration was discontinued. Oral administration of Lactobacillus rhamnosus Gorbach–Goldin (GG) induced the synthesis of FGF21, a vagal β‐Klotho receptor agonist, and partially re‐invoked a mechanism that reduces alcohol intake. The vagus nerve constitutes the main axis transferring gut microbiota information to the brain (“microbiota‐gut‐brain” axis). Bilateral vagotomy inhibited rat alcohol intake by 75%. Neither antibiotic treatment nor vagotomy affected total fluid intake. A microbiota‐mediated marked inflammatory environment was observed in the gut of ethanol‐naïve high‐drinker rats, as gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α; IL‐6; IL‐1β) was significantly reduced by nonabsorbable antibiotic administration. Gut cytokines are known to activate the vagus nerve, while vagal activation induces pro‐rewarding effects in nucleus accumbens. Both alcoholics and alcohol‐preferring rats share a marked preference for sweet tastes—likely an evolutionary trait to seek sweet fermented fruits. Saccharin intake by UChB rats was inhibited by 75%–85% by vagotomy or oral antibiotic administration, despite saccharin‐induced polydipsia. Overall, data indicate that the mechanisms that normally curtail heavy drinking are inhibited in alcohol‐preferring animals and inform a gut microbiota origin. Whether it applies to other mammals and humans merits further investigation.
2021 ISHNE/ HRS/ EHRA/ APHRS collaborative statement on mHealth in Arrhythmia Management: Digital Medical Tools for Heart Rhythm Professionals
Authors: Varma Niraj , Cygankiewicz Iwona , Turakhia Mintu , Heidbuchel Hein , Hu Yufeng , Chen Lin Yee , Couderc Jean‐Philippe , Cronin Edmond M. , Estep Jerry D. , Grieten Lars , Lane Deirdre A. , Mehra Reena , Page Alex , Passman Rod , Piccini Jonathan , Piotrowicz Ewa , Piotrowicz Ryszard , Platonov Pyotr G. , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz , Rich Robert E. , Russo Andrea M. , Slotwiner David , Steinberg Jonathan S. , Svennberg Emma 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis collaborative statement from the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology/ Heart Rhythm Society/ European Heart Rhythm Association/ Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society describes the current status of mobile health ("mHealth") technologies in arrhythmia management. The range of digital medical tools and heart rhythm disorders that they may be applied to and clinical decisions that may be enabled are discussed. The facilitation of comorbidity and lifestyle management (increasingly recognized to play a role in heart rhythm disorders) and patient self‐management are novel aspects of mHealth. The promises of predictive analytics but also operational challenges in embedding mHealth into routine clinical care are explored.
Effects of star anise (Illicium verum Hook.f.) essential oil administration under three different dietary energy levels on growth performance, nutrient, and energy utilization in broilers
Authors: Yu Caiyun , Yang Weiren , Jiang Shuzhen , Wang Tian , Yang Zaibin 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThis experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of star anise essential oil (SAO) supplementation in diets with different energy levels on growth performance, nutrient metabolic efficiency of broilers. One hundred and ninety‐two Arbor Acres male broiler chicks at 28 days of age were divided into a 3 × 4 factorial arrangement design with three dietary energy levels (13.41, 12.82, 12.23 MJ/kg) and 4 levels of SAO supplementation (0, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg of diet). Dietary supplementation with SAO increased (p < .05) apparent metabolic efficiency of CP, EE, GE, and all of the amino acids except Trp. Significant interactions were noted between energy level and SAO administration for metabolic efficiency of CP, all of the amino acids except Cys. Inclusion of SAO enhanced apparent nutrient metabolic efficiency of broilers in a dose‐dependent manner, birds supplemented with 400 mg/kg of SAO in high‐energy diets appeared to contain highest nutrient metabolic efficiency, moreover, the metabolic efficiency of nutrients in low‐energy diets along with 200 or 400 mg/kg of SAO was similar with that in high‐energy diets without SAO, which indicated that the SAO might ameliorate the negative effects of reduced dietary metabolic energy on nutrient utilization in broilers.
Rationales of delay and difference in regulatory review by Japan, the USA and Europe among new drugs first approved in Japan
Authors: Tanaka Mototsugu , Idei Mayumi , Sakaguchi Hiroshi , Kato Ryosuke , Sato Daisuke , Sawanobori Kenji , Kawarasaki Shuichi , Hata Toshiyuki , Yoshizaki Asako , Nakamura Miki , Ikuma Mutsuhiro 
Published: January 2021

AimsTo clarify the rationales of delay or difference in the review of new drug applications among regulatory authorities for new drugs, those first approved in the world being in Japan.MethodsAmong 80 new drugs first approved in Japan from 2008 to 2019, we identified those subsequently approved in the USA or Europe. Significant delays in approval time (boxplot outliers) and the rationales for the delays were assessed among the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA), the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA).ResultsOf the 80 Japan‐first approvals, 25 and 24 were approved in the USA and Europe, respectively, and their median approval times in Japan, the USA and Europe were 285, 334 and 477 days, respectively. Significant delays were identified for pirfenidone (1806 days, FDA), alogliptin benzoate (1856 days, FDA), insulin degludec (1457 days, FDA) and romosozumab (750 days, PMDA; 994 days, FDA; 748 days, EMA). Due to concerns about cardiovascular risk, alogliptin benzoate and insulin degludec were requested for additional clinical trials by the FDA, and romosozumab required a much longer review period than the standard approval time in all three regions.ConclusionsAmong the new drugs significantly delayed in approval time in Japan, the USA or Europe, there were some differences in the requirements, the participating regions and the assessment of clinical trials. The regulatory views on the cardiovascular risk also differed among the three regions. These divergences may be associated with the differences in approval histories.
Neurodevelopmental outcome at 24 months of healthy infants at birth with an umbilical artery blood pH ≤ 7 and/or hyperlactacidemia ≥ 7 mmol/L
Authors: Dain Clémence , Roze Jean‐christophe , Olivier Marion , Bossard Margot , Praud Mathilde , Flamant Cyril 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe incidence of acidosis in term and healthy newborns and the consequences for their neurodevelopment are poorly understood. The aim of our study was to assess neurodevelopmental outcomes at 24 months of age via a parental questionnaire (ASQ, Ages and Stages Questionnaires) for a sample of infants born at term with an umbilical arterial blood pH ≤ 7 or/and hyperlactacidemia ≥ 7 mmol/L. In addition, we compared these groups’ neurodevelopmental outcomes with a control group.MethodsDuring the 29 months of the study, we retrospectively included all children who had an umbilical artery (UA) cord blood pH ≤ 7 and/or lactates ≥ 7 mmol/L with good clinical adaptation. We also included a control group of term newborns with normal gases at birth. Ages and Stages questionnaires were sent to parents at 24 months of age.ResultsAmong the 9016 births during the study, 7.1% of babies had a UA pH ≤ 7 and/or lactates ≥ 7 mmol/L. The ASQ was considered non‐optimal for 32.2% and 36.3% of respondents in the acidosis and control group, respectively, without any significant difference (P = 0.382). After matching for gestational age and sex, there was also no significant difference in the rate of non‐optimal ASQ. The percentage of abnormal communication was significantly higher in the control group (19.7% vs 11.4%, P = 0.015).ConclusionsIsolated biochemical umbilical cord blood abnormalities in term or near‐term newborns with good adaptation do not appear to have a long‐term impact on development. These results are rather reassuring, and the absence of specific follow‐up for these children seems reasonable.
Fighting precarious work with institutional power: Union inclusion and its limits across spheres of action
Authors: O'Brady Sean 
Published: January 2021

AbstractResearch shows that union inclusion is critical to resisting precariousness, yet the role of institutional power is not adequately addressed. Through an investigation of eight retailers in four countries, this study uniquely examines how inclusive union strategies, cost competition and institutional power interact in different ‘spheres of action’. In the product market sphere, unions struggle to prevent labour cost competition between firms from eroding working conditions. In the production sphere, unions struggle to prevent labour cost competition between workers in a single firm from eroding working conditions. This article finds that multi‐level sources of institutional power are a precursor to effective union inclusion and articulating action towards threats from cost competition. I thereby argue that union efforts to resist precarious work are contingent on access to power from institutions. The article concludes with reflections on how institutional power relates to other forms of power.
A single nucleotide polymorphism in the gene for GPR183 increases its surface expression on blood lymphocytes of patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Ruiz Florian , Wyss Annika , Rossel Jean‐Benoît , Sulz Michael Christian , Brand Stephan , Moncsek Anja , Mertens Joachim C. , Roth René , Clottu Aurélie S. , Burri Emanuel , Juillerat Pascal , Biedermann Luc , Greuter Thomas , Rogler Gerhard , Pot Caroline , Misselwitz Benjamin ,   Swiss IBD Cohort Study Group
Published: January 2021

Background and PurposeSingle nucleotide polymorphism rs9557195 within the gene of the G protein‐coupled receptor Epstein‐Barr virus‐induced gene 2 (EBI2/GPR183) has been associated with increased risk for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). GPR183 mediates the migration of intestinal immune cells and promotes colitis in animal models. Here, we study GPR183 surface expression of immune cells and associations of rs9557195 with GPR183 expression and IBD disease course.Experimental ApproachWe recruited 27 IBD patients (15 with ulcerative colitis [UC] and 12 with Crohn's disease [CD]) and eight healthy volunteers (HV). GPR183 expression was measured by FACS in subtypes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We analysed IBD disease course in 2301 patients (1335 with CD and 966 with UC) of the Swiss IBD cohort study.Key ResultsWe found increased GPR183 expression in lymphocytes expressing chemokine receptors CCR6 or CCR9, implicated in IBD and on Th17 memory T cells. The GPR183 ligand 7α,25‐dihydroxycholesterol and the CCR6 ligand CCL20 stimulated migration of memory T cells in an additive manner. Further, IBD patients with the CC allele of rs9557195 had higher GPR183 surface expression compared to individuals with the TT allele. Swiss IBD cohort study patients carrying the rs9557195‐CC allele had higher psoriasis rates compared to individuals with the TT allele.Conclusion and ImplicationsWe demonstrate increased GPR183 surface expression on T cells with a potential role in gut inflammation. An SNP of the GPR183 locus was associated with GPR183 surface expression and psoriasis rates in IBD patients. Our data suggest a pro‐inflammatory role of GPR183 in IBD.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue on Oxysterols, Lifelong Health and Therapeutics. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.16/issuetoc
Paternal Sensitivity and Children’s Cognitive and Socioemotional Outcomes: A Meta‐Analytic Review
Authors: Rodrigues Michelle , Sokolovic Nina , Madigan Sheri , Luo Yiqi , Silva Victoria , Misra Shruti , Jenkins Jennifer 
Published: January 2021

In a series of meta‐analyses, paternal sensitivity was associated with children’s (age range: 7 months–9 years) overall cognitive functioning (N = 3,193; k = 23; r = .19), including language skills (k = 9; r = .21), cognitive ability (k = 9; r = .18), and executive function (k = 8; r = .19). Paternal sensitivity was not associated with children’s overall socioemotional functioning (N = 2,924; k = 24; r = −.03) or internalizing problems, but it was associated with children’s emotion regulation (k = 7; r = .22) and externalizing problems (k = 19; r = −.08). In the broad cognitive functioning, executive function, broad socioemotional functioning, and externalizing problems meta‐analyses, child age was a significant moderator.
Influence of educational level on test and treatment for incident hypothyroidism
Authors: Møllehave Line Tang , Jacobsen Rikke Kart , Linneberg Allan , Skaaby Tea , Knudsen Nils , Jørgensen Torben , Kårhus Line Lund , Kriegbaum Margit , Grand Mia Klinten , Siersma Volkert , Lind Bent , Andersen Christen Lykkegaard , Nygaard Birte , Medici Bjarke Borregaard , Pedersen Inge Bülow , Ravn‐Haren Gitte , Thuesen Betina Heinsbæk 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe incidence of hypothyroidism is not expected to differ by socioeconomic factors. However, the decision to test and initiate treatment may differ. We aimed to examine whether educational level influences the probability of thyroid stimulation hormone (TSH)‐measurement and initiation of levothyroxine treatment.DesignCitizens in the greater Copenhagen Area during 2001‐2015 were included. Individual‐level data on educational level, diagnoses, GP‐contact, TSH‐measurement and medication were derived from administrative and healthcare registers. The relative risks (RR) between educational levels of annual TSH‐measurement and treatment initiation following a TSH‐measurement were analysed in Poisson regression models with generalized estimation equations.ResultsA TSH‐measurement was performed in 19% of 9,390,052 person years. The probability of TSH‐measurement was higher with short (RR 1.16 [95% CI 1.15–1.16]) and medium (RR 1.11 [95% CI 1.06–1.12]) compared with long education.Treatment was initiated after 0.8% of 2,049,888 TSH‐measurements. For TSH < 5 mIU/L, RR for treatment initiation ranged between 0.47 (95%CI 0.39–0.57) and 0.78 (95%CI 0.67–0.91) for short and medium compared with long education. For TSH 5–10 mIU/L, there was no statistically significant difference. For TSH > 10 mIU/L, RR was 1.07 (95% CI 1.02–1.12) for short and 1.08 (95% CI 1.03–1.13) for medium compared with long education.ConclusionThe probability of TSH‐measurement was higher with shorter education, and the probability of treatment initiation with TSH > 10 mIU/L was marginally higher with short‐medium education compared with long education. However, the probability of treatment initiation with TSH < 5 mIU/L, that is treatment incongruous with guidelines, was substantially higher in persons with long education.
DUALCOR: a phylogenetic comparative method to evaluate phylogenetic correlation between a character and a non‐evolving external variable
Authors: Giannini Norberto P. , Goloboff Pablo A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA new phylogenetic comparative method called DUALCOR is presented to evaluate the evolutionary response of a character to non‐evolving external factors, such as environmental variables. The method treats the character as a typical evolving feature of an organism that is reconstructed on a given tree, whereas the external factor is treated as unrelated to the phylogeny. DUALCOR first calculates the correlation/regression between the observed values of the character and the external factor; then it maps the character onto the phylogeny, shuffles the changes among branches, and re‐evolves the character to yield new terminal values uncorrelated with the observed values of the external factor, allowing users to examine whether the observed degree of correlation can be attained at random. This is repeatedn(say, 999) times, thereby using the dual nature of characters to construct a permutation test that is shown to satisfy requirements of Generalized Monte Carlo procedures. In addition, we provide an empirical example with a reverse test where the external variable (features determined largely by non‐heritable factors) is the dependent variable.
Long‐term gastrointestinal sequelae in colon cancer survivors: prospective pilot study on identification, the need for clinical evaluation and effects of treatment
Authors: Larsen Helene M. , Mekhael Mira , Juul Therese , Borre Mette , Christensen Peter , Mohr Drewes Asbjørn , Thorlacius‐Ussing Ole , Laurberg Søren , Krogh Klaus , Ladefoged Fassov Janne ,   Danish Cancer Society Centre for Research on Survivorship and Late Adverse Effects after Cancer in the Pelvic Organs Study Group
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimThe aim of the present pilot study was to describe the type and frequency of long‐term gastrointestinal symptoms within a well‐defined cohort of colon cancer survivors, their wish for clinical evaluation and treatment outcomes.MethodA screening survey was sent to colon cancer survivors 12, 24 and 36 months after surgery. Based on their main symptoms, patients who wished to have a consultation were referred to the gastroenterological or surgical unit of our late cancer sequelae clinic. Treatment effect was monitored by questionnaires on bowel symptoms and the EuroQol five‐dimensional (EQ‐5D) quality‐of‐life score.ResultsOverall, 953 patients who had survived colon cancer received the screening survey and 767 replied (response rate 80.5%). Of these, 76 (9.9%; 95% CI 7.9%–12.2%) were referred for algorithm‐based clinical evaluation and treatment of bowel dysfunction. The majority were women (69.7%) who had undergone a right‐sided colonic resection (65.8%). Patients reported various symptoms, mainly including urgency, fragmented defaecation, loose stools and incontinence for liquid stools. Patients with emptying difficulties and low anterior resection syndrome‐like symptoms were referred to the surgical unit and patients with diarrhoea were referred to the gastroenterological unit for clinical work‐up. Our main endpoint, mean EQ‐5D index after treatment, was improved compared with baseline (baseline 0.809, after treatment 0.846; p = 0.049). After treatment, self‐rated bowel function and several bowel symptoms were improved as well.ConclusionThis study highlights the importance of identifying colon cancer survivors in need of treatment of late gastrointestinal sequelae and clinical management in a multidisciplinary team setting.
Incremental learning framework for real‐world fraud detection environment
Authors: Anowar Farzana , Sadaoui Samira 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFor detecting malicious bidding activities in e‐auctions, this study develops a chunk‐based incremental learning framework that can operate in real‐world auction settings. The self‐adaptive framework first classifies incoming bidder chunks to counter fraud in each auction and take necessary actions. The fraud classifier is then adjusted with confident bidders' labels validated via bidder verification and one‐class classification. Based on real fraud data produced from commercial auctions, we conduct an extensive experimental study wherein the classifier is adapted incrementally using only relevant bidding data while evaluating the subsequent adjusted models' detection and misclassification rates. We also compare our classifier with static learning and learning without data relevancy.
Substance use disorder and the baby boom generation: Does Berlin outpatient addiction care face a sustained change?
Authors: Specht Sara , Braun‐Michl Barbara , Schwarzkopf Larissa , Piontek Daniela , Seitz Nicki‐Nils , Wildner Manfred , Kraus Ludwig 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionThe ageing of baby boomers is expected to confront addiction care with new challenges. This cohort had greater exposure to psychoactive substances in youth than earlier cohorts. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether Berlin addiction care is confronted with a sustained change in its clientele initiated by the baby boomers.MethodsUsing data from Berlin outpatient addiction care facilities, we contrasted type of primary substance use disorder and number of comorbid substance use disorders in baby boomers with an earlier and a later cohort. To isolate cohort effects, two‐level random intercept regression models were applied in the overlapping age groups of the baby boomer cohort with each of the other cohorts.ResultsCompared with the earlier cohort, alcohol use disorder lost importance whereas illicit substance use disorder gained importance in the baby boomers. Baby boomers presented a higher number of comorbid substance use disorders than the earlier cohort. Comparing baby boomers with the later cohort, these relationships pointed in the opposite direction.Discussion and ConclusionsOutpatient addiction care faces a sustained change to more illicit and comorbid substance use disorders. With increasing life expectancy and the ageing of baby boomers marked by higher substance use than previous cohorts, older clients, who had been under‐represented in outpatient addiction care, will gain relevance. Hence, addiction care has to adapt its offers to appropriately meet the changing needs of its clientele.
Bibliodiversity at the Centre: Decolonizing Open Access
Authors: Berger Monica 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTThe promise of open access for the global South has not been fully met. Publishing is dominated by Northern publishers, which disadvantages Southern authors through platform capitalism and open access models requiring article processing charges to publish. This article argues that through the employment of bibliodiversity — a sustainable, anticolonial ethos and practice developed in Latin America — the South can reclaim and decolonize open access and nurture scholarly communities. Self‐determination and locality are at the core of bibliodiversity which rejects the domination of international, English‐language journal publishing. As articulated by the Jussieu Call, wide‐ranging, scholarly‐community‐based, non‐profit and sustainable models for open access are integral to bibliodiversity, as is reform of research evaluation systems. Predatory publishing exploits open access and perpetuates the marginalization of Southern scholars. Predatory journals are often also conflated with legitimate Southern journals. The article concludes with a discussion of Southern open access initiatives, highlighting large‐scale infrastructure in Latin America and library‐based publishing in Africa, which express the true spirit of open access as a commons for knowledge as a public good.