bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fast-Running Theropods Tracks From the Early Cretaceous of La Rioja, Spain
Authors: Navarro-Lorbés Pablo , Ruiz Javier , Díaz-Martínez Ignacio , Isasmendi Erik , Sáez-Benito Patxi , Viera Luis , Pereda-Suberbiola Xabier , Torices Angélica 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Theropod behaviour and biodynamics are intriguing questions that paleontology has been trying to resolve for a long time. The lack of extant groups with similar bipedalism has made it hard to answer some of the questions on the matter, yet theoretical biomechanical models have shed some light on the question of how fast theropods could run and what kind of movement they showed. The study of dinosaur tracks can help answer some of these questions due to the very nature of tracks as a product of the interaction of these animals with the environment. Two trackways belonging to fast-running theropods from the Lower Cretaceous Enciso Group of Igea (La Rioja) are presented here and compared with other fast-running theropod trackways published to date. The Lower Cretaceous Iberian fossil record and some features present in these footprints and trackways suggest a basal tetanuran, probably a carcharodontosaurid or spinosaurid, as a plausible trackmaker. Speed analysis shows that these trackways, with speed ranges of 6.5−10.3 and 8.8−12.4 ms-1, testify to some of the top speeds ever calculated for theropod tracks, shedding light on the question of dinosaur biodynamics and how these animals moved.
Neuroprotector Effect Of Strength Training In An Neuroinflammation Animal Model
Authors: de Gregório Elizama , Mendes Gabriela Cristiane , Somensi Lincon Bordignon , Lopes Luiza Freitas , Lima Karine Ramires , Carrazoni Guilherme Salgado , Neves Ben-Hur Souto , Picua Steffanie Severo , Silva Luísa Mota da , Carpes Pamela Billig Mello , Bonini Juliana Sartori , Silva Weber Cláudio da 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: The preventive role of muscular strength in the diminishing of a neuroinflammation is yet unknown. In this study, the role of the prophylactic muscular strength exercise was investigated, whether it would diminish cognitive alterations and modify the antioxidant intracellular scenery in an animal neuroinflammation model of the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Methods: The animals received muscular strength training for eight weeks, three times a week. Subsequently, the stereotaxic surgery, with intra-hippocampal infusion of either saline solution or l ipopolysaccharide (LPS) was performed. Next, behavioral tests were performed: objects and social recognition. At last, the animals were euthanized and the collect of the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex were performed and, later, the dosage of the antioxidant activity was performed. Results: The results showed that the muscular strength exercises was capable of showing a beneficial prophylactic effect in the oxidative stress caused by an acute neuroinflammation. There was diminishing of the reduced glutathione concentration (GSH) and increase of the activity of the catalase enzyme (CAT) in the group (SE + LPS), regarding the control groups. In the prefrontal cortex, there was only an increase of the CAT activity in the group (SE + LPS), regarding the groups (CT) and (SE + SAL). As for the cognitive alterations there were found in the (SE + LPS) group, diminishing the mnemonic hazard of the discriminative and social memories, when compared to the control groups. Conclusion: We concluded, therefore, that the induction of a local inflammatory process in the hippocampus leads to mnemonic deficits in behavioral activities and increase of the GSH concentration, and that the muscular strength exercise performed prophylactically presents a protective effect capable of minimizing such mnemonic deficits and increasing the antioxidant defenses in mice that suffered a local neuroinflammatory process in the hippocampus.
Synthesis and Analgesic Potential of 4-[4–chloro-3- (trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]-4-piperidinol analogues Against Pain Model in Mice
Authors: Haider Shazia , Saify Zafar , Mushtaq Nousheen , Siddiqui Faheema , Rao Toqeer , Mallick Tabinda , Begum Nasreen 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In the study of designing pharmacophore models for analgesic, a series of 4-[4–chloro-3- (trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]-4-piperidinol (TFMP) derivatives were synthesized and characterized by physical and spectral method (HR-EIMS, HR-FABMS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, UV, and FT-IR). The analgesic action of the synthesized derivatives was estimated by means of Hot Plate Method. Most of the compounds displayed potent analgesic efficacy and an ultrashort to long duration of action. The results indicate that these compounds are useful as analgesics. Qualitatively nine compounds resemble morphine in pharmacological action, whereas three derivatives are devoid of any significant analgesic potential. In conclusion, among active compounds 3 (188%), 5 (137%), 6 (162%), and 8 (107%) respectively emerged as most effective analgesic and they depressed peripheral and centrally mediated pain by opioid dependent and independent systems.
Identification Of Locking Segment In A High-Locality Landslide In Shidaguan, Southwest China
Authors: Zhou Yuntao , Zhao Xiaoyan , Zhang Jiajia , Meng Minghui 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Identification of the locking segments is crucial for assessing the potential runout risk and the overall stability of the high-locality landslide. However, during the field investigation, it is difficult to identify the locking segments before landslide failure due to their concealment. Tizicao landslide, a high-locality landslide, is used as the field example for the locking segments identification analysis in this study. Based on the geomorphology and spatial-temporal deformation in the landslide, the identification characteristics of the locking segments of the landslide are analyzed macroscopically, and the location and area of the locking segments are determined based on the analysis results. The field investigation methods are used to verify the identification results, including the monitoring of surface and deep displacement, geological borehole drilling, and oblique photography using drones. The results show that the locking segment of the Tizicao landslide lies at the southern slope toe, which covers an area of about 4.69 × 104 m2, accounting for 15.2% of the total area of the landslide. The significant different developmental characteristics are observed in respect of the surface displacement, deep displacement, surface crack, and sliding zone soil between locking and non-locking segments. It is concluded that the formation and evolution of the locking rock masses in the Tizicao landslide are closely related to the development of local folds and S-shaped river valleys, differential unloading due to river cutting, and earthquake-induced damage to rock masses in the landslide area.
The Natural Ligand for Metalloproteinase- Multifaceted Drug Target
Authors: Shivashankar Saranya , MK Sangeetha 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Metalloproteinases are a group of proteinases that extensively depend on metals for their biological activity, i.e., digesting proteins. Their role in developmental stages is indispensable. However, the same enzyme is also found to be a crucial mediator of several diseases like cancer, atheroma, arthritis, atherosclerosis, aneurysms, nephritis, tissue ulcers, fibrosis, etc. Exogenous metalloproteinases cause severe pathological effects which may even lead to mortality in humans and other higher animals. The major source of exogenous metalloproteinases is through venomous snake bites, which causes exposure of normal tissue later blood vessels to the proteinases. Though the structure and function of metalloproteinases are highly conserved, the accidental exposure causes severe irreversible damages of the exposed tissues and blood vessels which otherwise is a highly regulated process with the endogenous metalloproteinases. Hence, finding a suitable metalloproteinases inhibitor is of great biological importance in mitigating pathological effects. Batimastat is an approved drug prescribed for cancer which mediates its action by inhibiting metalloproteinases. Batimastat is a synthetic hydroxamate molecule with a simple structure that prompted the search for the existence of similar phytochemicals in plants. Computational analysis revealed interaction of Andrographis paniculata phytochemicals with the M domain of snake venom metalloproteinase active site amino acid residues namely ASN203, ARG293, PHE203, LEU206, LYS199, and ALA122 similar to that of the reference compound batimastat. 14-acetylandrographolide, 14-deoxy-11,12 didehydroandrographolide, Andrograpanin, Isoandrographolide, and 14-deoxy-11-oxoandrographolide found to show maximum effectiveness against the metalloproteinase. Results of the current study show a possibility of developing potent drug targeting metalloproteinases from plants source.
Clinical Outcomes of Radiotherapy in Elderly and Younger Patients with T4 Esophageal Cancer: A Retrospective Single-Center Analysis
Authors: Takakusagi Yosuke , Kano Kio , Shima Satoshi , Tsuchida Keisuke , Mizoguchi Nobutaka , Serizawa Itsuko , Katoh Hiroyuki , Kamada Tadashi , Taniuchi Risa , Iino Misaki , Aoshika Tomomi , Saito Satoshi , Yoshida Daisaku 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background/AimThe standard of treatment for esophageal cancer with adjacent organ invasion (T4) has not been established. Radiotherapy (RT) is a treatment option, but its efficacy and safety in elderly patients remains unclear. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical outcomes of RT in elderly and younger patients with T4 esophageal cancer.Materials and MethodsSixty-nine patients with T4 esophageal cancer who underwent RT at the Kanagawa Cancer Center between January 2014 and November 2020 were included in this study. Patients aged ≥70 years were defined as the elderly group and those aged <70 years were defined as the younger group.The total dose of RT was set at 60 Gy in 30 fractions. Chemotherapy combined with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin was administered concurrently with RT. The overall survival (OS) rate was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Adverse events were assessed using the CTCAE v4.0. Clinical outcomes were compared between the elderly and younger groups.ResultsThe median survival time (MST) of the elderly group was 21.5 months, and the OS rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 63.7%, 31.3%, and 15.6%, respectively. The MST of the younger group was 12.5 months, and the OS rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 52.2%, 29.4%, and 29.4%, respectively. A significant difference in OS was not observed between the two groups (p = 0.767). Themultivariate analysis revealed thatthe complete response (CR) of the primary tumor and adjuvant chemotherapy (ACTx) were significant predictors of OS (p< 0.001 and<0.001, respectively). Regarding toxicity, the frequency of thrombocytopenia was significantly higher in the elderly group, whereas the frequency of esophageal fistula was significantly higher in the younger group (p = 0.012 and 0.022, respectively). Other toxicities were not significantly different between the two groups.ConclusionsOS was not significantly different between the elderly and younger groups. ACTx and CR were predictors of OS. The frequency of thrombocytopenia was higher in the elderly group and that of esophageal fistula was higher in the younger group. However, other toxicities were not significantly differentbetween the two groups.
Dynamic Tendon Grip (DTG™) Novel Knot Array Compared to Traditional Sutures for Zone Two Flexor Tendon Injury – A Biomechanical Study
Authors: Kadar Assaf , Fainzack Alon , Vigler Mordechai 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
BackgroundFlexor tendon injuries pose many challenges for the treating surgeon, the principal of which is creating a strong enough repair to allow early active motion, preserving a low-profile of the repair to prevent buckling and subsequent pulley venting. A main concern is that a low-profile repair is prone to gap formation and repair failure. The Dynamic Tendon Grip (DTG™) all suture staple device claims to allow a strong and low-profile repair of the flexor tendon. The purpose of this study is to test the effects of the DTG™ device in early active motion simulation on range of motion, load to failure and gap formation and to compare it to traditional suturing technique. MethodsTwelve fresh-frozen cadaveric fingers were assigned to two groups: DTG™ device (n=9) and traditional suturing (double Kessler 4-core suture and a peripheral suture, n=3). The deep flexor was incised and repaired in zone 2, and active motion simulation was carried out with a cyclic flexion-extension machine. Finger range of motion and gap formation were measured, as well as load to failure and method of repair failure. ResultsFollowing motion simulation, ROM decreased from 244.0 ± 9.9° to 234.5 ± 5.8° for the DTG™ device compared to 234.67 ± 6.51° to 211.67 ± 10.50° for traditional suturing. The DTG™ repair demonstrated gap formation of 0.93 ± 0.18 mm in 3 of 8 specimens after applying 1 kg load, which negated after load removal. Load to failure averaged 7.8 ± 2.36 kg for DTG™ and 6.76 ± 4.10 kg for the traditional repair. Repair failure occurred as the suture material broke for the DTG™ array and at the knot level for the traditional repair.ConclusionsThe DTG™ all-suture stapling concept achieved a strong low-profile repair in zone 2 flexor tendon injury after active motion simulation. Further clinical studies will be needed to determine the effectiveness of this device compared to traditional techniques.
Enhancing the Magnetization, Dielectric Loss and Photocatalytic Activity of Co-cu Ferrite Nanoparticles Via the Substitution of Rare Earth Ions
Authors: Abdo M.A. , Mansour S.F. , Al-Hazmi Faten , AlHammad M.S. , Sadeq M.S. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study reports the impact of lanthanum substituted Co-Cu ferrite nanoparticles on the RhB dye disposal. Moreover, a complete investigation for the structural, magnetic and optical properties for Co0.5Cu0.5LaxFe2-xO4 (CCL) nanoferrites was executed. These nanocrystals synthesized via a combustion approach with a peculiar lattice parameter behavior; which discussed through three hypotheses. STEM-EDX micrographs of some selective samples confirm the nanocrystalline nature with presence of all constituents’ chemical elements CCL nanoferrites. The saturation magnetization of CCL nanoferrites was tuned with La3+ ions substitution. Contrary to the expected results, anisotropy constant introduced a decrement behavior with La/Fe substitution process. The microwave frequency (ωM) values for all CCL nanoparticles are in the range 11.87 GHz–9.46 GHz. The band gap has a peculiar behavior; a red shift and followed by a blue one. Through photodegradation testing, we explicate the RhB degradation mechanisms over our CCL nanoferrites. The nanoferrite Co0.5Cu0.5La0.15Fe1.85O4 has a moderate saturation magnetization, highest coercivity, and lowest loss which is a suitable candidate for data recording applications, furthermore can be utilized as a photocatalyst for RhB effluents removal with degradation efficiency 94.50% at 180 min solar radiation.
Research on wind field characteristics measured in inland city by Lidar
Authors: Jiawu LI , WANG Jun , Feng WANG 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In order to study the wind characteristics in inland cities, a Wind3D 6000 Lidar which has many advantages in measuring wind parameters was placed on a campus in Xi’an city. Then, through filtering the original measurement data, the wind speed, wind direction, wind attack angle and turbulence intensity were analyzed using the data of nearly four months ranging from 64m to 610m. It is found that during the field measurement period, there is a linear correlation and Lorentz density function distribution between wind speed and height, but the power index law is not obvious. The wind direction changes obviously with the time and season but less along the height. The probability density of wind attack angle presents Gauss distribution, with an average value of about 1.35°, which is negatively linear correlated with height and wind speed. The probability density of turbulence shows the distribution characteristic of LogNormal density function, which increases first and then decreases with the height, and has a positive linear correlation with the wind attack angle.
Clinical Outcomes of Limited Repair And Conservative Approaches In Older Patients With Acute Type A Aortic Dissection
Authors: Maze Yasumi , Tokui Toshiya , Murakami Masahiko , Nakamura Bun , Inoue Ryosai , Hirano Reina , Hirano Koji 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background: Surgical indication and the selection of surgical procedures for acute type A aortic dissection in older patients are controversial; therefore, we examined the surgical outcomes in older patients.Methods: From January 2012 through December 2019, 174 patients surgical repair for acute type A aortic dissection. We compared the surgical outcomes between the older (≥80 years old) and below-80 (≤79 years old) age groups. Additionally, we compared the surgical and conservative treatment groups.Results: The primary entry was found in the ascending aorta in 51.6% and 32.8% of the older and below-80 groups, respectively (p = 0.049). Ascending or hemiarch replacement was performed in all older group cases and 57.3% of the below-80 group cases (total arch replacement was performed in the remaining 42.7%; p < 0.001). Hospital mortality rates were similar in both groups. The significant risk factors for hospital mortality were age, preoperative intubation, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and postoperative stroke. The 5-year survival rates were 48.4% ± 10.3% (older group) and 86.7% ± 2.9% (below-80 group; p < 0.001). The rates of freedom from aortic events at 5 years were 86.9% ± 8.7% (older group) and 86.5% ± 3.9% (below-80 group; p = 0.771). The 5-year survival rate of the conservative treatment group was 19.2% ± 8.0% in the older group. There was no significant difference between the surgical treatment groups (p = 0.103).Conclusion: The surgical approach did not achieve a significant survival advantage over conservative treatment and may not always be the reasonable treatment of choice for older patients.
Depression Education Fotonovela for Engagement of Hispanic Patients in Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sanchez Katherine , Eghaneyan Brittany H. , Killian Michael O. , Cabassa Leopoldo J. , Trivedi Madhukar H. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background We report the primary outcomes from a randomized clinical trial testing a novel culturally-adapted patient education intervention to increase engagement of Hispanic patients in depression treatment. The Depression Education Fotonovela (DEF), Secret Feelings, incorporates popular images, cultural norms, and vivid pictures embedded within a soap opera narrative to increase depression knowledge and dispel myths about treatment. We then assessed engagement in a integrated care treatment model in response to the education intervention and subsequent changes in depression symptoms in a large community-based clinic whose patient population is majority Hispanic.Method The sample included 150 adult Hispanic patients with a confirmed diagnosis of depression who were randomly assigned to either: (1) integrated care + fotonovela; or (2) integrated care + standard education. Differences between treatment groups were examined as were changes in depression, anxiety, depression knowledge, and stigma scores over time and engagement in treatment.Results Results indicated that while depression scores significantly decreased over time for participants (F [2.811, 416.054] = 197.69, p < .001, 𝜂2 = .572), no differences between the two education groups were found (F [1, 148] = 0.70, p = .403, 𝜂2 = .005). At 12-month follow-up, 101 patients (80.8%) reported a 50% of greater reduction in depression scores from baseline.Conclusions We found little difference between the two education groups, suggesting that either may helpful for engaging Hispanic patients into care. Better tailoring of patient education, with the fotonovela or similarly adapted tools, will require more directly addressing the stigma associated with antidepressant medication.Trial registrationThe study was registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02702596, on 03/20/2016. Retrospectively registered.
Enhancing Energy Efficiency for Cellular-Assisted Vehicular Networks by Online Learning-Based mmWave Beam Selection
Authors: Gui Jinsong , Liu Yao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Millimeter-Wave (mmWave) technology is deemed as a feasible approach for future vehicular communications. However, mmWave signals are characterized by high path loss and penetration loss, which can be alleviated by directional communication. Directional transmission performance depends on beam alignment between transmitter and receiver, which is not easy to achieve in highly dynamic vehicular communications. The existing works addressed beam alignment problem by designing online learning-based mmWave beam selection schemes, which can be well adapted to high dynamic vehicular scenarios. However, this type of works does not take energy efficiency into account. Therefore, we propose an Energy efficiency-based FML (EFML) scheme to compensate for this shortfall, where the power consumption can be reduced as far as possible under the premise of meeting the basic data rate requirements of vehicle users and the users requesting the same content in close proximity can be organized into the same receiving group to share the same mmWave beam. The simulation results show that the EFML scheme improves both the network energy efficiency and the amount data of cellular-assisted vehicular networks at the cost of more beam performance update overhead. However, there is no difference in the cost of updating beam performance after adequate online learning.
Comparison between External Fixation and Pelvic Binder in Patients with Pelvic Fracture and Haemodynamic Instability who Underwent Various Haemostatic Procedures
Authors: Jang Ji Young , Bae Keum Soek , Kang Byung Hee , Lee Gil Jae 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Haemostatic procedures such as preperitoneal pelvic packing (PPP), pelvic angiography (PA), and internal iliac artery ligation are used for haemorrhage control in pelvic fracture patients with haemodynamic instability. Pelvic external fixation (PEF) and pelvic binder (PB) are usually applied with haemostatic procedures to reduce the pelvic volume. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes between patients who underwent PEF and PB. Among 173 patients with pelvic fracture admitted to the emergency room of three regional trauma centres between January 2015 and December 2018, the electronic charts of haemodynamically unstable patients were retrospectively analysed. Among 92 patients included in the analysis, 21 patients underwent PEF and 71 patients underwent PB. There were significant differences in tile classification and laparotomy between the PEF and PB groups (p = 0.018 and p = 0.046). PPP tended to be more frequently preformed in the PEF group (p = 0.074), whereas PA tended to be more commonly performed in the PB group than in the PEF group (p = 0.058). After propensity score matching to adjust for differences in patient characteristics and adjunct haemostatic procedure, there was a significant difference in haemorrhage-induced mortality between the PEF and PB groups (0% vs 25%, p = 0.047). Kaplan–Meier curve analysis also showed a significant difference in haemorrhage-induced mortality between the two groups (log-rank test, p = 0.020). Among the volume reduction procedures performed with other haemostatic procedures in patients with pelvic fracture and haemodynamic instability, PEF significantly reduced haemorrhage-induced mortality compared to PB.