bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consensus on Terminology for Describing Child Language Interventions: A Delphi Study
Authors: Denman Deborah , Kim Jae-Hyun , Munro Natalie , Speyer Renée , Cordier Reinie 
Published: August 2021

PurposeLanguage intervention for children with language disorder may be effective; however, lack of detailed and consistent terminology for describing language interventions poses barriers for advancement within the field. This study aimed to develop consensus from speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in Australia on a taxonomy with terminology for describing language interventions for school-aged children and investigate SLPs' application of taxonomy terminology when describing child language interventions.MethodA taxonomy with terms for describing interventions was developed with reference to contemporary literature and presented to clinicians and researchers with expertise in child language disorders in a three-round Delphi study. We asked Delphi participants to indicate agreement with the taxonomy or propose changes. Application of the taxonomy was investigated by asking participants to use taxonomy terminology to describe interventions presented in two case studies.ResultsThe taxonomy consists of five aspects across which interventions may be described: modality/domain, purpose, delivery, form, and teaching techniques. Consensus on the taxonomy was established in both Round 1 (55 participants) and Round 2 (43 participants), with 100% of SLPs strongly agreeing or agreeing with the overall structure of the taxonomy and at least 87.3% of SLPs strongly agreeing or agreeing with each aspect. In Round 3 (32 participants), consensus was reached on 45/54 taxonomy categories (4/12 of the components) for Case Study 1 and 45/54 taxonomy categories (7/12 of the components) for Case Study 2.ConclusionsConsensus on a taxonomy with terminology for describing language interventions represents a significant advancement in the field of child language intervention. Future actions may be needed to facilitate consistent application of taxonomy terms.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16435290
Laser-induced ultrasonic measurements for the detection and reconstruction of surface defects
Authors: Qian Feiming , Xing Guangzhen , Yang Ping , Hu Pengcheng , Zou Limin , Koukoulas Triantafillos 
Published: August 2021

Laser-induced ultrasonic measurement is a non-contact non-destructive technology that can be employed for the testing and assessment of surface defects. In order to improve the correct identification of defects, the full matrix capture (FMC) and total focusing method (TFM) are applied on the imaging process. FMC data includes A-scans resulting from the combination of all measurement axes defined by the sequential generation and detection of utilized laser beams in the system. In this paper, an aluminium block with four holes whose diameters range from 1 mm to 2.5 mm is assessed through B-scans, the synthetic aperture focusing technique (SAFT) and FMC/TFM. The results demonstrate that the FMC/TFM technology can significantly improve the imaging quality and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In addition, this method has higher lateral resolution and larger imaging range compared with traditional B-scans.
Der angestellte Facharzt in der ambulanten vertragsärztlichen Versorgung
Authors: Krapohl Christian 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungDie Anstellung wird weiter an Bedeutung gewinnen. Sie kann ein probates Mittel für diverse Lebenssituationen (Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf, Ausübung des Berufes ohne finanzielles Risiko, Work/Life-Balance, Kennenlernen vor Einstieg, weitere Tätigkeit nach Verkauf, etc.) sein.
Die fehlerhafte Honorarabrechnung – sozialrechtliche und strafrechtliche Folgen
Authors: Tigges Gerrit 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungNach einleitender Übersicht über die Rahmenbedingungen vertragsarztrechtlicher Honorarabrechnung sowie möglicher strafrechtlicher Implikationen werden die Grundsätze der Abrechnungsprüfung auf Rechtmäßigkeit und Plausibilität in der vertragsärztlichen Versorgung dargestellt. Anhand von beispielhaften Entscheidungen aus der Rechtsprechung werden die Falltypen der sachlich-rechnerischen Richtigstellung und Plausibilitätsprüfung aufgezeigt, speziell im Hinblick auf die Verpflichtung zur persönlichen Leistungserbringung am Beispiel des ermächtigten Arztes.
Betriebswirtschaftliche Betrachtungen und Finanzierungsmöglichkeiten einer nuklearmedizinischen Praxis aus Sicht eines Finanzinstitutes
Authors: Plappert Andrea , Gabler Michael 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungEine Niederlassung in einer nuklearmedizinischen Praxis ist komplex. Es gilt viele Aspekte zu betrachten. Daher ist ein gutes Praxiskonzept extrem wichtig.Mit den richtigen Ratgebern/Unterstützern wird die Existenzgründung zum Erfolg.Diese sollten auf Heilberufler spezialisiert sein und gerade mit dieser Fachrichtung Erfahrung haben. Denn nur dann verfügen sie über entsprechendes Know-How und kennen die besonderen Bedürfnisse dieser Klientel.
17-Year Results following Transepiphyseal Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Zimmerer Alexander , Schneider Marco M. , Semann Carina , Schopf Wolfgang , Sobau Christian , Ellermann Andree 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in childhood and adolescence is a serious injury. It is now known that conservative therapy of an unstable knee joint in
childhood or adolescence under can lead to poor subjective and objective results. The aim of this study is to record long-term results after transepiphyseal ACL reconstruction using
autologous hamstring tendons and extracortical fixation in childhood and adolescence with open physes – at least 15 years after surgery.
Methods Our internal registry was used to identify all patients who received surgical treatment of an acl tear during childhood and adolescence by transepiphyseal acl reconstruction
more than 15 years previously. In these patients, the International Knee Documentation Committee for Subjective Knee Form (IKDCsubj.), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS),
Tegner Activity Score (TAS) and Lysholm Score were collected, and clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations were performed.
Results A total of 22 patients were identified, 5 of whom could not be contacted. The mean age at the time of surgery was 13.1 years, and the mean follow-up time was 17.4 years. In 3
patients, a traumatic tear was observed with subsequent reconstruction of the ACL. None of the included patients showed a growth disorder during the course of the study. The
IKDCsubj. was 92.4 ± 14.7 (48 – 100), the Lysholm score was 87.9 ± 16.9 (34 – 100), the TAS was 5.7 ± 2.3 (3 – 9) and the pain level based on VAS was 3.5 ± 2.6 (1 – 8) points.
The values showed subjective and objective deterioration compared to the 10-year results, with no statistical significance. The following subscores were reported for the KOOS:
KOOSpain 90.9 ± 17.6 (28 – 100); KOOSsymptom 82.9 ± 22.6 (11 – 100); KOOOSADL 94.3 ± 13.7 (44 – 100); KOOSSport 80.3 ± 26.4 (15 – 100);
KOOSQOL 80.9 ± 25.8 (0 – 100). 13 of the 17 patients could also be clinically and radiologically examined. In 92% of patients, an intact acl reconstruction was found without
evidence of cartilage or meniscus damage. The mean lateral difference in the KT-1000 measurement was 1.5 mm.
Conclusion ACL reconstruction in childhood and adolescence provides good functionality and stability of the knee joint over the long term. Secondary signs of osteoarthritis can only
be detected in isolated cases by MRI. ACL reconstruction using the transepiphyseal technique can be considered the method of choice for open growth plate knee joints.
Psychische Krisen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Frey Michael 
Published: August 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGPsychische Krisen im Kindes- und Jugendalter sind geprägt von altersspezifischen Vulnerabilitäten. Im Kindesalter stehen sie oft im Zusammenhang mit dem ausgeprägten Abhängigkeitsverhältnis gegenüber den Eltern und Situationen, in denen Eltern durch eine eigene oder eine psychische Erkrankung ihres Kindes in eine Überforderungssituation geraten. Im Jugendalter interagieren neurobiologische Veränderungen und herausfordernde Entwicklungsaufgaben, die eine krisenhafte Zuspitzung begünstigen können. Im Hinblick auf Kriseninterventionsstrategien für diese Altersgruppen stellen sich vor allem die Fragen, wie der Zugang zur Krisenintervention gelingt und welche Strategien es für die wichtigen sozialen Bezugssysteme Familie und Schule gibt?
Krise als Chance?! …
Authors: Heuer Imke , Schulz Gwen , Bock Thomas , Mahlke Candelaria 
Published: August 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGKrise als Chance?! – Das klingt nach neoliberaler Rhetorik. Dennoch kann diese Sichtweise konstruktiv und emanzipatorisch sein, wenn die Krise nicht allein dem einzelnen Menschen zugeschrieben, sondern der kritische Zustand der Gesellschaft insgesamt betrachtet wird. Unser Artikel diskutiert die Zusammenhänge zwischen persönlichen seelischen Erschütterungenund der Krise des psychiatrischen Versorgungssystems. Wie wir zeigen, kann die aktuelle Zuspitzung ein Wendepunkt zu neuen kreativen Wegen sein. Hier lohnt ein Blick auf niedrigschwellige partizipative Projekte in außereuropäischen Ländern. Aber auch Peer-Konzepte, die die Expertise von Menschen einbeziehen, die psychische Krisen erlebt haben, sind vielversprechend. Peer-Begleiter können dazu beitragen, stigmatisierende Vorstellungen über psychiatrische Diagnosen abzubauen. Zugleich dürfen sie nicht als „Reparaturbetrieb” des Systems instrumentalisiert werden. Nötig ist ein struktureller Wandel, der allen Mitarbeitenden ermöglicht, zu eigenen Krisen und Brüchen zu stehen. Wünschenswert sind zudem ein Ausbau trialogischer Projekte und eine gleichberechtigte Teilhabe von Peers auf allen Ebenen der Forschung und Versorgung.
Native Amine-Directed ortho-C–H Halogenation and Acetoxylation /Condensation of Benzylamines
Authors: Young Michael C. , Chand-Thakuri Pratibha , Alahakoon Indunil , Liu Daniel , Kapoor Mohit , Kennedy John F. , Jenkins Kenneth W. , Rabon Allison M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFree or unfunctionalized benzylamines are well known to participate in C–H activation in the presence of palladium salts. Despite the ease with which these complexes can be activated, subsequent functionalization of the dimeric cyclometalates can be challenging. We demonstrate herein a free primary amine based C–H activation/functionalization protocol that allows for the ortho-C–H chlorination and bromination of unprotected benzylamines. We also demonstrate how use of fluorine-based oxidants gives rise to a unique acetoxylation/­cyclization owing to the nucleophilicity of the free primary amine directing group.
Management of Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: Unmet Needs and Future Perspectives
Authors: Falanga Anna , Gal Grégoire Le , Carrier Marc , Abdel-Razeq Hikmat , Ay Cihan , Martin Andrés J. Muñoz , Rocha Ana Thereza Cavalcanti , Agnelli Giancarlo , Elalamy Ismail , Brenner Benjamin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPatients with cancer are at a high risk of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE), which is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in this patient population. Increased risk of recurrent VTE and bleeding complications are two major challenges associated with therapeutic anticoagulation in these patients. Long-term therapy with low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) has been the standard of care for the treatment of cancer-associated VTE given its favorable risk–benefit ratio in comparison with vitamin K antagonists. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), which offer the convenience of oral administration and have a rapid onset of action, have recently emerged as a new treatment option for patients with cancer-associated thrombosis (CT). Randomized clinical trial data with head-to-head comparisons between DOACs and LMWHs showed that overall, DOACs have a similar efficacy profile but a higher risk of bleeding was observed in some of these studies. This review aims to identify unmet needs in the treatment of CT. We discuss important considerations for clinicians tailoring anticoagulation (1) drug–drug interactions, (2) risk of bleeding (e.g., gastrointestinal bleeding), (3) thrombocytopenia, hematological malignancies, (4) metastatic or primary brain tumors, and (5) renal impairment. Additional research is warranted in several clinical scenarios to help clinicians on the best therapeutic approach.
Genomic instability in the naturally and prematurely aged myocardium
Authors: De Majo Federica , Martens Leonie , Hegenbarth Jana-Charlotte , Rühle Frank , Hamczyk Magda R. , Nevado Rosa M. , Andrés Vicente , Hilbold Erika , Bär Christian , Thum Thomas , de Boer Martine , Duncker Dirk J. , Schroen Blanche , Armand Anne-Sophie , Stoll Monika , De Windt Leon J. 
Published: August 2021

SignificanceAccumulation of DNA variants is considered a cause of organ dysfunction during natural aging. Here, we directly assessed the frequency of DNA damage of the murine myocardium during natural aging and in hearts from four mouse models of premature aging. In contrast to the prevailing dogma, our results provide no evidence for an enrichment in variants in the naturally aging heart until 2 y of age in Hutchinson–Gilford Progeria Syndrome hearts or in hearts with reduced telomere lengths. Accumulation of randomly distributed variants was, however, evident in Ercc1 knockout mice with deficient DNA repair machinery and in the intestine, liver, and lung of naturally aging mice. These results launch avenues to dissect the fundamental biological processes underlying cardiac aging.
Mass of genes rather than master genes underlie the genomic architecture of amphibian speciation
Authors: Dufresnes Christophe , Brelsford Alan , Jeffries Daniel L. , Mazepa Glib , Suchan Tomasz , Canestrelli Daniele , Nicieza Alfredo , Fumagalli Luca , Dubey Sylvain , Martínez-Solano Iñigo , Litvinchuk Spartak N. , Vences Miguel , Perrin Nicolas , Crochet Pierre-André 
Published: August 2021

Significance
Reproductive isolation is instrumental to the formation of new species (speciation), but it remains largely enigmatic how many incompatibilities are required to prevent hybridization and where they lie across the genome. By studying patterns of admixture in amphibian hybrid zones, we found that reproductive isolation is initiated by numerous small-effect incompatibilities scattered across the genome rather than concentrated in a few important genes. Unlike mammals and birds, in which Y/W degeneracy is a major cause of hybrid dysfunctions, the undifferentiated sex chromosomes of amphibians do not always host more genetic incompatibilities than other chromosomes. These combined results might explain why amphibian speciation is relatively slow, and its clock-like dynamics offer practical perspectives to categorize evolutionary lineages into species or subspecies.
Handling of beam spectra in training and application of proton RBE models
Authors: Almhagen Erik , Traneus Erik , Ahnesjö Anders 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Published data from cell survival experiments are frequently used as training data for models of proton relative biological effectiveness (RBE). The publications rarely provide full information about the primary particle spectrum of the used beam, or its content of heavy secondary particles. The purpose of this paper is to assess to what extent heavy secondary particles may have been present in published cell survival experiments, and to investigate the impact of non-primary protons for RBE calculations in treatment planning. We used the Monte Carlo code Geant4 to calculate the occurrence of non-primary protons and heavier secondary particles for clinical protons beams in water for four incident energies in the [100, 250] MeV interval. We used the resulting spectra together with a conservative RBE parameterization and an RBE model to map both the rise of RBE at the beam entry surface due to heavy secondary particle buildup, and the difference in estimated RBE if non-primary protons are included or not in the beam quality metric. If included, non-primary protons cause a difference of 2% of the RBE in the plateau region of an spread out Bragg peak and 1% in the Bragg peak. Including non-primary protons specifically for RBE calculations will consequently have a negligible impact and can be ignored. A buildup distance in water of one millimeter was sufficient to reach an equilibrium state of RBE for the four incident energies selected. For the investigated experimental data, 83 out of the 86 data points were found to have been determined with at least that amount of buildup material. Hence, RBE model training data should be interpreted to include the contribution of heavy secondaries.
External validation of a novel signature of illness in continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring to detect early respiratory deterioration of ICU patients
Authors: Callcut Rachael A , Xu Yuan , Moorman J Randall , Tsai Christina , Villaroman Andrea , Robles Anamaria J , Lake Douglas E , Hu Xiao , Clark Matthew T 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective: The goal of predictive analytics monitoring is the early detection of patients at high risk of subacute potentially catastrophic illnesses. An excellent example of a targeted illness is respiratory failure leading to urgent unplanned intubation, where early detection might lead to interventions that improve patient outcomes. Previously, we identified signatures of this illness in the continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring data of intensive care unit (ICU) patients and devised algorithms to identify patients at rising risk. Here, we externally validated three logistic regression models to estimate the risk of emergency intubation developed in Medical and Surgical ICUs at the University of Virginia. Approach: We calculated the model outputs for more than 8000 patients in the University of California—San Francisco ICUs, 240 of whom underwent emergency intubation as determined by individual chart review. Main results: We found that the AUC of the models exceeded 0.75 in this external population, and that the risk rose appreciably over the 12 h before the event. Significance: We conclude that there are generalizable physiological signatures of impending respiratory failure in the continuous cardiorespiratory monitoring data.
Photoactive layer formation in the dark for high performance of air-processable organic photovoltaics
Authors: Maeda Akihiro , Liu Ruiyuan , Yu Kilho , Lee Shinyoung , Nakano Kyohei , Takakuwa Masahito , Zhang Shipei , Tajima Keisuke , Fukuda Kenjiro , Umezu Shinjiro , Someya Takao 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Recent progress in organic photovoltaics (OPVs) has led to an increased importance of laboratory-scale fabrication in ambient air using solution processes. However, the effect of the existence of both ambient air and light during the formation of a photoactive layer on the performance of fabricated devices has not been elucidated thus far in detail. Here, we show that photoactive layer formation in completely dark conditions enables air-processable OPVs with a high power conversion efficiency. The degradation in OPV performance caused by the coexistence of air and room light was confirmed by systematically examining atmospheric and room-light irradiation conditions during the formation and drying of the photoactive layer. Moreover, the degradation rate was much faster than that in the case of dried solid photoactive layers exposed to room light in ambient air. The photoactive layer with non-fullerene acceptors showed a much slower degradation rate, owing to room light, than that with fullerene acceptors. Based on these findings, we demonstrate that by eliminating light during formation, slot-die-coated OPVs in ambient air show comparable performance to that of spin-coated OPVs in an inert glovebox.
A-6 Childhood Adversity’s Impact on Neurocognitive Functioning: Findings from South African Adolescents Living with HIV
Authors: Santoro Anthony F , Ferraris Christopher , Phillips Nicole , Hoare Jacqueline , Robbins Reuben N 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
Childhood adversity (e.g., abuse/neglect) negatively affects neurocognitive functioning among people living with HIV (PLWH). However, less is known about this relationship among youth with perinatally-acquired HIV (PHIV) in low-and-middle-income countries, such as South Africa, many whom experience tremendous adversity in addition to living with a chronic, highly stigmatized disease. This study examined associations between adversity and neurocognitive functioning among South African adolescents (14–17 years) with PHIV.

Method
72 adolescents with PHIV (Mage = 15.63 years; 52.8% female) recruited from HIV clinics in Cape Town, South Africa completed the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) scale and a tablet-based neurocognitive assessment. Controlling for age and sex, multiple regressions tested associations between ACE scores and processing speed, working memory, and executive functioning tests. T-tests assessed differences between participants exposed to high (≥2 ACEs) versus low (0–1 ACEs) adversity.

Results
Adjusting for covariates, ACE scores predicted performance on tests of processing speed (Trail Making 1: B = 5.87, p = 0.001; Visual Discrimination 1: B = -1.01, p = 0.02; Visual Discrimination 2: B = -1.55, p = 0.002; Number Speed; B = 2.15, p = 0.02) and executive functioning (Inhibition errors: B = 1.27, p = 0.03), explaining 10–19% of variance in test scores. Significant differences between the high and low adversity groups on processing speed and executive functioning tests represented medium-to-large effects (d range = 0.51–1.11; Table 1).

Conclusions
Childhood adversity predicts poorer neurocognitive functioning among youth with PHIV, specifically worse processing speed and executive functions – known drivers of functional outcomes among PLWH. Elucidating mechanisms by which adversity impacts neurocognitive functioning is critical to identify therapeutic targets and inform interventions to support neurocognitive health in PLWH across the lifespan.