bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation for measurement of lightning channel temperature using a dual-band high-precision lightning imaging spectrometer
Authors: Wang Jingyu , Gao Haiyang , Zhu Di , Huang Shangzhang , Zhou Hengtao , Kou Leilei 
Published: March 2021

A dual-band high-precision lightning imaging spectrometer (DHLIS) is designed to capture the fine spectrum of transient lightning. DHLIS improves the theoretical spectral resolution limit to

1

0

−
3

n
m

and broadens the spectral range to 30–40 nm by employing double echelle gratings in the arms of a spatial heterodyne spectrometer. Four strong and three fine spectral lines are selected to retrieve the temperature of the lightning channel using the Boltzmann plot method. The experimental results indicate that the inversion accuracy of the temperature obtained by inserting fine spectral lines is higher than that by implementation of four strong spectral lines.
A comprehensive clinical and laboratory evaluation of 224 patients with persistent symptoms attributed to presumed tick-bite exposure
Authors: Nilsson Kenneth , Skoog Elisabet , Jones Viktor , Labbé Sandelin Lisa , Björling Christina , Fridenström Ester , Edvinsson Marie , Mårtensson Andreas , Olsen Björn 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundPersistent symptoms attributed to presumed tick-bite exposure constitute an unresolved medical controversy. We evaluated whether Swedish adults who met the criteria for post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS) exhibited characteristics distinguishable from adults who did not, but who displayed similar symptoms and disease course after suspected previous tick-bite infection (TBI).Methods and findingsDuring 2015–2018, 255 patients–referred to the Centre for Vector-borne Infections, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden with symptoms lasting longer than six months–were recruited. Of this group, 224 completed the study. Each patient was examined by an infectious disease specialist and, besides a full medical history, underwent a panel of blood and cerebrospinal fluid laboratory tests including hematological, biochemical, microbiological and immunological analyses, and the RAND-36 scale to measure quality of life. For analysis purposes, patients were divided into five subgroups, of which one represented PTLDS. According to serological results indicating TBI and documented/ reported objective signs of Lyme disease, 85 (38%) patients fulfilled the criteria for PTLDS and were compared with the other 139 (62%) serologically classified patients. In the PTLDS group, erythema chronicum migrans (ECM) was documented/reported in 86% of patients, previous neuroborreliosis in 15%, and acrodermatitis chronica atroficans (ACA) in 3.5%. However, there were no significant differences regarding symptoms, laboratory results or disease course between patients with PTLDS and those without laboratory evidence ofBorreliaexposition. Most reported symptoms were fatigue-related (70%), musculoskeletal (79%), neurological (82%) and neurocognitive (57%). Tick bites were recalled by 74%. The RAND-36 score was significantly below that of the general Swedish population. Signs of immunological/inflammatory reactivity with myositis antibodies were detected in 20% of patients, fibrinogen levels were moderately increased in 21% and elevated rheumatoid factor in 6%.ConclusionsThe PTLDS group did not differ exclusively in any respect from the other subgroups, which either lacked previously documented/reported evidence of borreliosis or even lacked detectable serological signs of exposure to Lyme disease. The results suggest that symptoms often categorized as Chronic-Lyme-Disease (CLD) in the general debate, cannot be uniquely linked to Lyme disease. However, approximately 20% of the total group of patients showed signs of autoimmunity. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying causes and mechanisms of PTLDS and there is reason to consider a multifactorial approach.
Validity and reliability of the Dutch STarT MSK tool in patients with musculoskeletal pain in primary care physiotherapy
Authors: van den Broek Anke G. , Kloek Corelien J. J. , Pisters Martijn F. , Veenhof Cindy 
Published: March 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the validity and reliability of the Dutch STarT MSK tool in patients with musculoskeletal pain in primary care physiotherapy.MethodsPhysiotherapists included patients with musculoskeletal pain, aged 18 years or older. Patients completed a questionnaire at baseline and follow-up at 5 days and 3 months, respectively. Construct validity was assessed by comparing scores of STarT MSK items with reference questionnaires. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated to test predefined hypotheses. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by calculating quadratic-weighted kappa coefficients for overall STarT MSK tool scores (range 0–12) and prognostic subgroups (low, medium and high risk). Predictive validity was assessed by calculating relative risk ratios for moderate risk and high risk, both compared with low risk, in their ability to predict persisting disability at 3 months.ResultsIn total, 142 patients were included in the analysis. At baseline, 74 patients (52.1%) were categorised as low risk, 64 (45.1%) as medium risk and 4 (2.8%) as high risk. For construct validity, nine of the eleven predefined hypotheses were confirmed. For test-retest reliability, kappa coefficients for the overall tool scores and prognostic subgroups were 0.71 and 0.65, respectively. For predictive validity, relative risk ratios for persisting disability were 2.19 (95% CI: 1.10–4.38) for the medium-risk group and 7.30 (95% CI: 4.11–12.98) for the high-risk group.ConclusionThe Dutch STarT MSK tool showed a sufficient to good validity and reliability in patients with musculoskeletal pain in primary care physiotherapy. The sample size for high-risk patients was small (n = 4), which may limit the generalisability of findings for this group. An external validation study with a larger sample of high-risk patients (≥50) is recommended.
Different mechanisms of oxygenator failure and high plasma von Willebrand factor antigen influence success and survival of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Steiger Tamara , Philipp Alois , Hiller Karl-Anton , Müller Thomas , Lubnow Matthias , Lehle Karla 
Published: March 2021

Objective
Failure of membrane oxygenator (MO) function of venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenators (VV ECMO) remains problematic. The development of device-induced coagulation disorder (COD) or worsened gas transfer (WGT) necessitates a system exchange. The aim was to correlate von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) with the predisposition to MO failure and mortality.

Methods
Laboratory parameters (inflammation, coagulation) and ECMO-related data from 31 VV ECMO patients were analyzed before and after the first MO exchange. Study groups were identified according to the exchange reasons (COD, WGT) and the extent of vWF:Ag (low, ≤425%; high, >425%).

Results
vWF:Ag remained unchanged after system exchange. High vWF:Ag was associated with systemic endothelial activation of older and obese patients with elevated SOFA score, increased norepinephrine and higher requirement of continuous renal replacement therapy without an effect on MO runtime and mortality. Including the mechanism of MO failure (COD, WGT), various patient group emerged. COD/low vWF:Ag summarized younger and less critically ill patients that benefit mainly from ECMO by a significant improvement of their inflammatory and coagulation status (CRP, D-dimers, fibrinogen) and highest survival rate (91%). Instead, WGT/high vWF:Ag presented older and more obese patients with a two-digit SOFA score, highest norepinephrine, and aggravated gas transfer. They benefited temporarily from system exchange but with worst survival (33%).

Conclusions
vWF:Ag levels alone cannot predict early MO failure and outcome in VV ECMO patients. Probably, the mechanism of clotting disorder in combination with the vWF:Ag level seems to be essential for clot formation within the MO. In addition, vWF:Ag levels allows the identification different patient populations In particular, WGT/high vWF:Ag represented a critically ill population with higher ECMO-associated mortality.
Visualisation of Jenkins Pipelines
Authors: Révész Ádám , Pataki Norbert 
Published: March 2021

Continuous Integration (CI) is an essential approach in modern
software engineering. CI tools help merging the recent commits from the
developers, thus the bugs can be realized in an early phase of development
and integration hell can be avoided. Jenkins is the most well-known and
most widely-used CI tool. Pipelines become first-class citizen in
Jenkins 2. Pipelines consist of stages, such as compiling, building Docker
image, integration testing, etc. However, comprehensive Jenkins pipelines
are hard to see through and understand. In this paper, we argue for a
modern visualisation of Jenkins pipelines. We present our solution for
making Jenkins pipelines comprehensible on the dashboard.
Community Health Behaviors and Geographic Variation in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Survival Among Women
Authors: Holowatyj Andreana N. , Langston Marvin E. , Han Yunan , Viskochil Richard , Perea Jose , Cao Yin , Rogers Charles R. , Lieu Christopher H. , Moore Justin X. 
Published: March 2021

INTRODUCTION:
Despite overall reductions in colorectal cancer (CRC) morbidity and mortality, survival disparities by sex persist among young patients (age <50 years). Our study sought to quantify variance in early-onset CRC survival accounted for by individual/community-level characteristics among a population-based cohort of US women.

METHODS:
Geographic hot spots—counties with high early-onset CRC mortality rates among women—were derived using 3 geospatial autocorrelation approaches with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention national mortality data. We identified women (age: 15–49 years) diagnosed with CRC from 1999 to 2016 in the National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. Patterns of community health behaviors by hot spot classification were assessed by Spearman correlation (ρ). Generalized R
2 values were used to evaluate variance in survival attributed to individual/community-level features.

RESULTS:
Approximately 1 in every 16 contiguous US counties identified as hot spots (191 of 3,108), and 52.9% of hot spot counties (n = 101) were located in the South. Among 28,790 women with early-onset CRC, 13.7% of cases (n = 3,954) resided in hot spot counties. Physical inactivity and fertility were community health behaviors that modestly correlated with hot spot residence among women with early-onset CRC (ρ = 0.21 and ρ = −0.23, respectively; P < 0.01). Together, individual/community-level features accounted for distinct variance patterns in early-onset CRC survival among women (hot spot counties: 33.8%; non–hot spot counties: 34.1%).

DISCUSSION:
Individual/community-level features accounted for approximately one-third of variation in early-onset CRC survival among women and differed between hot spot vs non–hot spot counties. Understanding the impact of community health behaviors—particularly in regions with high early-onset CRC mortality rates—is critical for tailoring strategies to reduce early-onset CRC disparities.
Comparison between saturated-iron core and shielded-iron core superconducting fault current limiters on recloser-fuse coordination of radial distribution systems connected with distributed generation
Authors: Arafa Aliaa , Kamel Salah , Aly Mohamed M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRecently, distributed generators (DGs) are being largely amalgamated with radial distribution systems because of their positive impacts on these systems such as voltage profile improvement and power loss minimization. However, if this integration is not well-planned, it can lead to serious problems in the protection devices. One of these problems is the recloser-fuse miscoordination. This paper presents an effective solution to the recloser-fuse miscoordination due to DGs integration with RDS. The proposed approach is based on suppressing the DG current during fault period so that the contribution of DG to the fault current becomes minimal. Two types of superconducting fault current limiters (SFCLs) namely, saturated iron-core and shielded iron-core SFCLs are studied and a comparison between their performance is presented. The proposed solution was implemented on IEEE 33-bus RDS. All simulation studies are performed on MATLAB script. The simulation results illustrated that saturated iron-core SFCL could not recover recloser-fuse coordination in some of the studied cases. However, shielded iron-core SFCL could successfully restore the recloser-fuse coordination in all the studied cases. This shows that shielded iron-core SFCL is preferred in solving recloser-fuse miscoordination.
Laws, Dispositions, Memory: Three Hypotheses on the Order of the World
Authors: Dolbeault Joël 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe more science progresses, the more it is evident that the physical world presents regularities. This raises a metaphysical problem: why is the world so ordered? In the first part of the article, I attempt to clarify this problem and justify its relevance. In the following three parts, I analyze three hypotheses already formulated in philosophy in response to this problem: the hypothesis that the order of the world is explained 1) by laws of nature, 2) by dispositions of the fundamental physical entities, 3) or by a memory immanent to matter (a hypothesis developed by Peirce, Bergson and James). The third hypothesis may seem surprising. However, it can be shown that the three hypotheses have a psychomorphic dimension in the sense that they give to nature properties analogous to those of mind. In addition, this third hypothesis presents several interesting arguments.
Asymmetric Ge/SiGe coupled quantum well modulators
Authors: Zhang Yi , Gao Jianfeng , Qin Senbiao , Cheng Ming , Wang Kang , Kai Li , Sun Junqiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
We design and demonstrate an asymmetric Ge/SiGe coupled quantum well (CQW) waveguide modulator for both intensity and phase modulation with a low bias voltage in silicon photonic integration. The asymmetric CQWs consisting of two quantum wells with different widths are employed as the active region to enhance the electro-optical characteristics of the device by controlling the coupling of the wave functions. The fabricated device can realize 5 dB extinction ratio at 1446 nm and 1.4 × 10−3 electrorefractive index variation at 1530 nm with the associated modulation efficiency V

π

L

π
of 0.055 V cm under 1 V reverse bias. The 3 dB bandwidth for high frequency response is 27 GHz under 1 V bias and the energy consumption per bit is less than 100 fJ/bit. The proposed device offers a pathway towards a low voltage, low energy consumption, high speed and compact modulator for silicon photonic integrated devices, as well as opens possibilities for achieving advanced modulation format in a more compact and simple frame.
In societatem filii eius: Predestination in/as Friendship with God in Thomas Aquinas
Authors: Kenneth Graff Thomas 
Published: March 2021

Summary
This paper proposes a reading of Thomas Aquinas’ doctrine of predestination as fundamentally oriented towards and realized in friendship with God. On this reading, the seemingly disparate questions, “What does it mean to be predestined?” and “What does it mean to grow in friendship with God?” are not only mutually illuminating but ultimately coterminous. In the first part of the paper, I contextualize this theological rapprochement by foregrounding Aquinas’ treatment in the Summa Theologiae of predestination as a Christocentric, communal reality, and by considering friendship with God as the end of Aquinas’ doctrine of grace. In the second part, I attend to Aquinas’ scriptural commentaries on Romans and the Gospel of John, in order to conduct a reading of predestination in/as friendship with God. Ultimately, as invited in friendship and adopted in grace into the life of Christ, God’s ordering of the rational creature to eternal life is nothing other than God’s ordering of humanity as viator to friendship with Himself in the inner life of Trinitarian love itself.
The Effectiveness of Multicomponent Functional Maintenance Initiatives for Acutely Hospitalized Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kavanagh Alethea Y. , O'Brien Lisa J. , Maloney Stephen R. , Osadnik Christian R. 
Published: March 2021

Background and Purpose:
To evaluate the effectiveness of multicomponent functional maintenance initiatives (MFMIs) on functional outcomes and adverse events associated with functional decline among acutely hospitalized older adults.

Data Sources:
Studies were sourced from OVID Medline, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, and PEDro databases from inception to April 15, 2020, and their bibliographies.

Study Selection:
Randomized controlled trials were included if they investigated multicomponent interventions comprising more than one nonpharmacological intervention targeting physical functional decline and another shared risk factor for geriatric syndromes in acutely hospitalized medical or nonelective surgical patients 65 years and older.

Data Extraction:
Two reviewers independently assessed for eligibility, extracted data, and conducted risk of bias assessments.

Data Synthesis:
Eight studies involving 5534 patients were included. Multicomponent functional maintenance initiatives did not appear to confer significant effects on functional status, length of stay, or 30-day hospital readmissions; however, clinical heterogeneity limited meta-analysis for some specific functional outcomes. Patients who did not receive MFMIs were more likely to be discharged to a nursing staff facility (odds ratio = 1.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.23 to 1.90). No effect of MFMI on all-cause mortality was observed, and adverse events were rare and unlikely attributed to nonpharmacological interventions.

Conclusions:
Data from a small number of studies suggest MFMIs reduce the likelihood of discharge to a nursing staff facility in acutely hospitalized older adults; however, this effect may not be driven via improvements in physical function. Standardized evaluation methods to determine MFMI effectiveness appear indicated to assist decision-making regarding their implementation in clinical practice.
Őskori Település A Borvizek Felett. Régészeti Kutatások Málnásfürdő-Füvenyestetőn (1909–2019)
Authors: László Attila , Sztáncsuj Sándor József 
Published: March 2021

A délkelet-erdélyi Málnásfürdő a 20. század eleje óta ismert az európai régészet számára. Az egykori fürdőtelep határában a rézkori Erősd–Cucuteni–Tripolje-művelődési kör egyik többrétegű települése található. A lelőhelyen a múlt század második felében folytak módszeres régészeti kutatások (1976–1989). Az újabb ásatásokra és velük párhuzamosan végzett interdiszciplináris vizsgálatokra 2014–2017 között került sor. Jelen tanulmányunkban ezeknek a kutatásoknak az eredményeit tekintjük át röviden.The site of Malnaş-Băi (Málnásfürdő) in south-eastern Transylvanian has been known to European archaeological scholarship since the beginning of the 20th century. A stratified settlement of the Copper Age Ariuşd (Erősd)–Cucuteni–Tripolye (Ukr. Trypillia) complex is located near the former spa resort. Systematic archaeological excavations were undertaken on the site in the second half of the 20th century (1976–1989). Recent excavations and interdisciplinary studies, conducted in parallel, took place between 2014 and 2017. In the present study, we briefly review the results of these investigations.
Analysis of histopathological spectrum of intracranial central nervous system tumours in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Deshpande Nikhil S. , Munemane Anil B. , Karle Ravindra R. 
Published: March 2021

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Descriptive epidemiology of intracranial central nervous system (CNS) tumours is a significant part of tumour studies which provides information on magnitude and distribution of the lesions. The objective of this study is to provide an overview of frequency of intracranial CNS tumours with comparison with national and international data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective study 101 intracranial CNS tumours diagnosed over a period of 4 years were included. Histological diagnosis of tumours was confirmed and they were classified according to revised WHO classification of CNS tumours 2016. Frequencies of tumours in accordance to age, gender, location, laterality and grades were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total 101 cases including 59 (58.42%) males and 42 (41.58%) females were studied. Paediatric and adult cases accounted for 17 (16.83%) and 84 (83.17%), respectively. Most tumours were noted in the 6th decade. Out of total cases, 91 (90.1%) were primary intracranial CNS tumours and 10 (9.9%) were metastatic tumours. Most common tumours were astrocytoma followed by meningioma. Among children, astrocytoma (41.18%), medulloblastomas (41.18%), ependymomas (11.76%) and meningiomas (5.88%) were the reported lesions. In adults, astrocytoma (39.29%), meningiomas (23.81%), metastatic tumours (11.90%), ependymomas (8.33%), hemangioblastomas (5.95%) and schwannomas (4.76%) were common. Glioblastomas were the commonest astrocytoma. WHO grade I tumours were commonest followed by grade IV.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study gives a glimpse of prevalence of intracranial central nervous system tumours forming a baseline profile based primarily on the histopathological diagnosis at rural tertiary care hospital.</p>
Change Over Time in Public Support for Social Distancing, Mask Wearing, and Contact Tracing to Combat the COVID-19 Pandemic Among US Adults, April to November 2020
Authors: Barry Colleen L. , Anderson Kelly E. , Han Hahrie , Presskreischer Rachel , McGinty Emma E. 
Published: March 2021

Objectives. To examine how sociodemographic, political, religious, and civic characteristics; trust in science; and fixed versus fluid worldview were associated with evolving public support for social distancing, indoor mask wearing, and contact tracing to control the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. Surveys were conducted with a nationally representative cohort of US adults in April, July, and November 2020. Results. Support for social distancing among US adults dropped from 89% in April to 79% in July, but then remained stable in November 2020 at 78%. In July and November, more than three quarters of respondents supported mask wearing and nearly as many supported contact tracing. In regression-adjusted models, support differences for social distancing, mask wearing, and contact tracing were most pronounced by age, partisanship, and trust in science. Having a more fluid worldview independently predicted higher support for contact tracing. Conclusions. Ongoing resistance to nonpharmaceutical public health responses among key subgroups challenge transmission control. Public Health Implications. Developing persuasive communication efforts targeting young adults, political conservatives, and those distrusting science should be a critical priority.