bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Under Age Five Children Survival Times in Nigeria: A Bayesian Spatial Modelling Approach
Authors: Egbon Osafu Augustine , Bogoni Mariella Ananias , Babalola Bayowa Teniola , Louzada Francisco 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Nigeria is among the top five countries in the world with the highest under-five mortality rates. In addition to the general leading causes of under-five mortality, studies have shown that disparities in sociocultural values and practices across ethnic groups in Nigeria influence child survival, thus there is a need for scientific validation. Methods: The approach commonly adopted in multilevel modeling of the under-five mortality rate in Nigeria is to consider child death status as a binary outcome variable. In this manner, information about the time localization of mortality risk is lost in the process. This study quantified the impact of socioeconomic and demographic factors, proximate and biological determinants, and environmental factors on the risk of under-five mortality in Nigeria using a Bayesian hierarchical hazard model with time to death outcomes. The Exponential, Gamma, Log-normal, Weibull, and Cox hazard models in a mixed effect framework with spatial components were considered, and the best model was selected for inference. In addition, the Kaplan Meier survival curve, Nelson Aalen hazard curve, and components survival probabilities were estimated. Results: Findings show that gender, maternal education, household wealth status, source of water and toilet facility, residence, mass media, frequency of antenatal and postnatal visits, marital status, place of delivery, multiple births, who decide healthcare use, use of bednet are significant risk factors of child mortality in Nigeria. The mortality risk is high among the maternal age group below 24 and above 44years, and birth weight below 2.5Kg and above 4.5Kg. The under-five mortality risk is severe in Kebbi, Kaduna, Jigawa, Adamawa, Gombe, Kanu, Kogi, Nasarawa, Plateau, Sokoto states in Nigeria. Conclusions: This study accentuates the need for special attention for the first two months after childbirth as it is the age group with the highest expected mortality. A practicable way to minimize death in the early life of children is to improve maternal health care service, promote maternal education, encourage delivery in healthcare facilities, positive parental attitude to support multiple births, poverty alleviation programs for the less privileged, and a prioritized intervention to Northern Nigeria.
Conventional Fluoroscopy-Guided vs Zero-Fluoroscopy Catheter Ablation of Supraventricular Tachycardias
Authors: Kalinšek Tine Prolič , Šorli Jernej , Jan Matevž , Šinkovec Matjaž , Antolič Bor , Klemen Luka , Žižek David , Pernat Andrej 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of zero-fluoroscopy (ZF) catheter ablation (CA) for supraventricular tachycardias (SVT).Methods: 584 consecutive patients referred to our institution for CA of SVT were analysed. Patients were categorised into two groups; zero-fluoroscopy (ZF) group and conventional fluoroscopy (CF) group. The ZF group was further divided into two subgroups (adults and paediatric). Patient characteristics, procedural information, and follow-up data were compared. Results: The ZF group had a higher proportion of paediatric patients (42.2% vs 0.0 %; p < 0.001), resulting in a younger age (30.9 ± 20.3 years vs 52.7 ± 16.5 years; p < 0.001) and lower BMI (22.8 ± 5.7 kg/m2 vs 27.0 ± 5.4 kg/m2; p < 0.001). Procedure time was shorter in the ZF group (94.2 ± 50.4 min vs 104.0 ± 54.0 min; p = 0.002). There were no major complications and the rate of minor complications did not differ between groups (0.0% vs 0.4%; p = 0.304). Acute procedural success as well as the long-term success rate when only the index procedure was considered did not differ between groups (92.5% vs 95.4%; p = 0.155; 87.1% vs 89.2%; p = 0.422). When repeated procedures were included, the long-term success rate was higher in the ZF group (98.3% vs 93.5%; p = 0.004). The difference can be partially explained by the operators' preferences.Conclusion: The safety and efficacy of ZF procedures in adult and paediatric populations are comparable to that of CF procedures.
The Influence of Childhood Emotional Abuse On Adult Obesity
Authors: Zhang Hongwei , Liu Ziqi , Zheng Hui , Xu Ting , Liu Lin , Xu Tao , Yuan Ti-Fei , Han Xiaodong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Early life stress induces long-lasting changes in adulthood, such as psychiatric and metabolism abnormality. The prevalence of childhood emotional abuse in clinical obese subjects remains unclear.Method: A set of questionnaires, including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) was sent out. Clinical data from 37 obese subjects (Age: 29.65±5.35, Body Mass Index (BMI): 37.59±6.34) and 37 healthy subjects with normal body weight (Age: 31.35±10.84, BMI: 22.16±3.69) came into the investigation. Multiple mediation analysis was performed with BMI as the outcome variable, childhood trauma as the predictive variable. Depression, anxiety, and bulimia as the mediating variables.Result: Obese group reported higher childhood emotional abuse (t=2.157, p=0.034), worse mood state (anxiety: t=5.466, p<0.001; depression: t=2.220, p=0.030), and increased bulimia (t=3.400, p=0.001), when compared to healthy group. Childhood emotional abuse was positively associated with BMI (β = 1.312, 95% CI = 0.482−2.141). Anxiety and bulimia showed multiple mediating roles in the relationship of childhood emotional abuse and obesity (indirect effect = 0.739, 95% CI = 0.261−1.608), accounting for 56.33% of the total effect.Conclusion: Childhood emotional abuse may contribute to adulthood obesity, potentially mediated by anxiety and bulimia.
Open-source, Adaptable, All-in-one Smartphone-based System for Quantitative Analysis of Point-of-care Diagnostics.
Authors: Schary Weronika , Paskali Filip , Rentschler Simone , Ruppert Christoph , Wagner Gabriel , Steinmetz Ivo , Deigner Hans-Peter , Kohl Matthias 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, in particular lateral flow assays (LFA), represent a great opportunity for rapid, precise, low-cost and accessible diagnosis of disease. Especially with the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, rapid point-of-care tests are becoming everyday tools for identification and prevention. Using smartphones as biosensors can enhance POC devices as portable, low-cost POC platforms for healthcare and medicine, food and environmental monitoring, improving diagnosis and documentation in remote, low-income locations. We present an open-source, all-in-one smartphone-based system for quantitative analysis of LFAs. It consists of a 3D-printed photo box, a smartphone for image acquisition, and an R Shiny software package with modular, customizable analysis workflow for image editing, analysis, data extraction, calibration and quantification of the assays. This system is less expensive than commonly used hardware and software, so it could prove very beneficial for diagnostic testing in the context of pandemics, as well as in low-resource countries.
Cryptic subterranean diversity in Collembola indicates that Hot Spot in ferruginous rock may have serious implications in Brazilian conservation policy.
Authors: Zeppelini Douglas , Oliveira João Victor L. C. , Lima Estevam C. A. , Brito Roniere A. , Ferreira Aila S. , Stievano Luis C. , Brito Nathan P. , Oliveira-Neto Misael A. , Lopes Bruna C. H. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A super diverse hot spot of subterranean Collembola in ferruginous rock caves and Mesovoid Shallow Substratum is revealed by the analysis of cryptic diversity. The diversity is accessed by detailed description of chaetotaxy and slight variation in morphology of 11 new species of Trogolaphysa Mills, 1938 (Collembola, Paronellidae, Paronellinae) and the 49 previously recorded species of springtails from caves, using optical and electronic microscopy. When combined with recent subterranean surveys, our results show an important reservoir of cave diversity in the Mesovoid Shallow Substratum, contrasting with the conservation policy for subterranean fauna in metallogenic areas in Brazil which prioritizes the caves instead the cave species, which may be extremely detrimental to the fauna in the shallow subterranean habitats not accessible to humans.
Comparative Tribological Study of NiTi Diffusion Coated Titanium with Pure Titanium
Authors: Khosravi G. , Sohi M. Heydarzadeh , Ghasemi HM. , Karazmoudeh N. Jalalian 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Dry tribological behaviors of commercial pure (Cp) titanium and Cp titanium diffusion coated with equiatomic NiTi intermetallic layer were studied and compared at room temperature. Wear tests were performed by a pin on disk tribometer using 52100 steel pins, under various normal loads of 10, 20, and 40 N. worn surfaces were examined by scanning electron microscope, equipped with EDS analyzer. The wear rates of the coated materials were lower than those of the Cp titanium at all loads. This was mainly attributed to the higher hardness of the NiTi intermetallic layer compared to that of the untreated titanium. Furthermore, under an applying load of 10 N, a tribological layer was formed which could protect the surface from severe wear. The results also demonstrated a lower coefficient of friction in the treated specimens compared to those of the Cp materials.
Omega-3 in The Treatment of Mood and Sleep Disorders Induced by Hormone Therapy in Women with Breast Cancer: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Nourosi Behzad , Naghsh Erfan , zadeh Sahar Esmaeil , Mehrzad Valiollah , Darakhshandeh Ali , Moghaddas Azadeh 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose

This study was performed to investigate the effect of omega-3 on the treatment of mood and sleep disorder induced by menopausal complications due to hormone therapy in patients with breast cancer.
Methods

A placebo, double-blind and controlled trial was designed in oncology-hematology outpatient’s clinic of Omid Hospital, Isfahan, Iran. First, sixty patients were screened by hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) for any baseline mood disorders and then divided into either intervention group who had received 2 grams’ omega-3 daily for 4 weeks or identical placebo. Then, the patients were considered to assess by center for epidemiological studies-depression scale (CES-D), profile of mood states (POMS), and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaires at the baseline and after 4-week follow-up.
Results

Findings showed that the mean scores of CES-D (P = 0.002), POMS (P = 0.03), and PSQI (P = 0.04) were significantly lower in the intervention group than the control group. In the intervention group, mean scores of CES-D (P <0.001), POMS (P <0.001), and PSQI (P = 0.003) were significantly lower in post-intervention than pre-intervention. Mean changes in scores of CES-D (P = 0.01), POMS (P = 0.001), and PSQI (P = 0.02) were significantly higher in the intervention group than the control group.
Conclusion

Our findings revealed that omega-3 supplementation have the potential to reduce mood disorders as well as to improve sleep quality in terms of subjective sleep quality, delay in falling asleep, sleep delay, and sleep disturbance in patients with breast cancer.
Deformation Mechanism Analysis of Three-Roller Continuous and Synchronous Calibration Process of Straightness and Roundness For LSAW Pipes
Authors: Huang Xueying , Yu Gaochao , Wang Chunge , Zhao Jun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Continuous and synchronous calibration process of straightness and roundness for LSAW (Longitudinally Submerged Arc Welding, LSAW) pipes with three rollers is a bidirectional reciprocating bending process that includes axial and circumferential directions. It is particularly important to reveal the deformation mechanism, which provides theoretical support for the calibration process to be applied to actual production. Based on this, through the combination of references, theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, the deformation mechanism is analyzed in this paper. The whole deformation process of pipe is modeled and then numerically simulated with FEM software of ABAQUS. The results show that reciprocating bending can eliminate the difference of initial curvature, so that the axial curvature and circumferential curvature are unified to the same direction and value respectively. The synergy between the axial reciprocating bending straightening process and the circumferential reciprocating bending rounding process realizes the calibration process of LSAW pipes. The simulation results support the theoretical results, and the deformation is mainly caused by axial stress and circumferential stress.
Divergent Effect of Birinapant, BV6 SMAC Mimetic on TNFα induced NF-κB Signaling and Cell Viability in Activated Hepatic Stellate Cell
Authors: Sharma Sachin , Ghufran Shaikh Maryam , Ghose Sampa , Biswas Subhrajit 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) mediated cell survival as well as cell death. High serum TNFα levels correlate with liver fibrosis and participate in enhancing hepatic stellate cell (HSC) viability. However, the regulatory role of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis-1/2 (cIAP1/2) in TNFα induced NF-κB signaling in activated HSCs is largely unknown. Methods and Results: Activated HSCs treated with cIAP1/2 inhbitior SMAC mimetic BV6 and Birinapant in presence of TNFα and macrophage secretome. TNFα cytokine increased cIAP2 expression in activated HSCs and enhanced cell viability through canonical NF-κB signaling in activated HSCs. cIAP2 inhibition via BV6 decreased the TNFα induced canonical NF-κB signaling and reduced cell viability in activated HSCs. SMAC mimetic, Birinapant alone did not affect the cell viability and was incompetent in inducing cell death. However, pre-treatment of TNFα sensitized HSCs and Birinapant was capable in inducing cell death. Birinapant mediated cIAP2 ablation was unable to decrease the TNFα induced canonical NF-κB signaling in comparison to BV6. Secreted TNFα from M1 polarized macrophages sensitized activated HSCs to BV6 or Birinapant mediated cell death. However, M2 polarized macrophages rescued the activated HSCs from BV6 and Birinapant mediated cytotoxicity. Conclusions: In this study, we describe regulatory role of cIAP2 in TNFα induced NF-κB signaling in activated HSCs. Targeting cIAP2 may be a promising approach for liver fibrosis treatment via modulating NF-κB signaling in activated HSCs.
Clues to Mortality Trends and Their Related Factors in IgG4-related Disease: a Japanese Single-center Retrospective Study
Authors: Kawahara Hiroyuki , Mizushima Ichiro , Tsuge Shunsuke , Shin Seung , Yoshinobu Takahiro , Hoshiba Ryohei , Nishioka Ryo , Zoshima Takeshi , Hara Satoshi , Ito Kiyoaki , Kawano Mitsuhiro 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Few observations on the long-term prognosis have been conducted in immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) patients with various organ involvement, not limited to autoimmune pancreatitis. Especially, mortality and its related factors in patients with IgG4-RD with various organ involvement are not well known. This study aimed to clarify mortality trends and its related factors in IgG4-RD with various organ involvement.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with IgG4-RD at a single center in Japan. We calculated the crude mortality rate and the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) using national Japan mortality statistics and investigated the cause of death. We performed Cox regression analyses to assess mortality-related factors.Results: A total of 179 patients with IgG4-RD were included and the median follow-up from diagnosis was 47 months (IQR 19-96). Ten patients (5.6%) in our cohort died during the follow-up period. The crude mortality rate was 11.1 per 1,000 person-years. According to national Japan mortality statistics, 11.6 age- and sex-matched deaths would have been expected to occur within the follow-up period, resulting in an SMR of 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.41-1.59). Univariate Cox regression analyses indicated that the number of affected organs at diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR] 1.45, 95% CI 1.02-2.05), eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73m2 at diagnosis (vs. ≥45, HR 8.48, 95% CI 2.42-29.79), and the presence of malignancy during the clinical course (HR 3.93, 95% CI 1.10-14.02) had a significant impact on the time to death.Conclusions: Our findings suggested that IgG4-RD does not significantly affect long-term patient survival. On the other hand, multi-organ involvement and renal dysfunction as well as malignancy might be associated with higher mortality trends in IgG4-RD. Early detection and appropriate management of risk factors may improve the long-term prognosis of IgG4-RD.
Comparative Complete Chloroplast Genome of Nine Species in Litsea (Lauraceae) and Uncover Evolutionary Dynamic Patterns
Authors: Song Weicai , Chen Zimeng , Feng Qi , Ji Chuxuan , Wei Chengbo , Shi Chao , Engel Michael S. , Wang Shuo 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Litsea, Lauraceae, is a group of evergreen trees or shrubs that widely distributed in tropical and subtropical countries, such as Asia and America. Species in Litsea are spontaneously distributed at a maximum altitude of 2,700 m from sea level. Pants and its extractions from Litsea species cover a wide range of medicinal and industrial values. The aromatic oil extracted from Litsea is of great value with citral as its main component. At present, studies related to gene resources of Litsea are limited in the morphological analysis, while studies at the genetic level are insufficient. We therefore firstly assembled and annotated the complete chloroplast genome of nine species in Litsea, carried out a serious of comparative analysis, and completed the construction of phylogenetic tree within genus Litsea. Results: The genome length ranged from 152,051 to 152,717 bp. A total of 128 genes were identified, including 84 protein-coding genes, 36 rRNA genes and 8 tRNA genes. High consistency of codon bias, repeats, divergent analysis, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and insertions and deletions (InDels) revealed highly conserved chloroplast phenotypes in species within the genus Litsea. Changes in gene length and the present of pseudogene ycf1Ψ that caused by IR contraction and expansion were reported. The non-coding regions, especially atpF - atpH and ndhC - trnV-UAC presented high gene divergence. PsbJ - psbE regions showed remarkably high nucleotide diversity (Pi) values. Furthermore, we constructed two phylogenetic trees, demonstrating two dominant clades within genus Litsea. And the differences between trees constructed by full chloroplast (cp) genome and protein-coding genes were revealed. Conclusion: Overall, the evolutionary pattern of Litsea species regarding structural features, repeats sequences and variations presented high consistency. Valuable genomic resources and theoretical basis were also provided for further research of taxonomic discrepancies, molecular marker-assisted breeding and phylogenetic relationships of Litsea and other angiosperm species.
Longitudinal bidirectional relationships between maternal depressive/anxious symptoms and children’s tic frequency in early adolescence
Authors: Yagi Tomoko , Ando Shuntaro , Usami Satoshi , Yamasaki Syudo , Morita Masaya , Kiyono Tomoki , Hayashi Noriyuki , Endo Kaori , Iijima Yudai , Morimoto Yuko , Kanata Sho , Fujikawa Shinya , Koike Shinsuke , Kano Yukiko , Hiraiwa-Hasegawa Mariko , Nishida Atsushi , Kasai Kiyoto 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have revealed an association between maternal depressive/anxious symptoms and children’s tics. However, the longitudinal relationships between these symptoms remain unclear. We examined the longitudinal relationships between maternal depressive/anxious symptoms and children’s tic frequency in early adolescence with a population-based sample.Methods: The participants consisted of 3,171 children and their mothers from the Tokyo Teen Cohort (TTC) study, a population-representative longitudinal study that was launched in Tokyo in 2012. Maternal depressive/anxious symptoms and children’s tics were examined using self-report questionnaires at the ages of 10 (time 1, T1) and 12 (time 2, T2). A cross-lagged model was used to explore the relationships between maternal depressive/anxious symptoms and children’s tic frequency.Results: Higher levels of maternal depressive/anxious symptoms at T1 were related to an increased children’s tic frequency at T2 (β = .06, p < .001). Furthermore, more frequent children’s tics at T1 were positively related to maternal depressive/anxious symptoms at T2 (β = .06, p < .001).Conclusions: These findings suggest a longitudinal bidirectional relationship between maternal depressive/anxious symptoms and children’s tic frequency in early adolescence that may exacerbate each other over time and possibly create a vicious cycle. When an early adolescent has tics, it might be important to identify and treat related maternal depressive/anxious symptoms.
Significance of N-Terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide as a diagnostic and screening tool for premature ventricular contractions in patients with preserved left ventricular function
Authors: Ambreen Shazadi , khan Humaira Fayyaz , Hayat Azmat , Ali Shazia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveThe study was aimed to evaluate the levels of NT-proBNP in mild, moderate and frequent Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVCs) burden in patients with preserved left ventricular function.Material and methodsA case control study was conducted in Islamic International Medical College (IIMC) in collaboration with Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology (AFIC) after approval from ethical review committee (ERC) of Riphah University (Ref #Riphah/IIMC/ERC/17/0230). The study comprised of 160 participants which included 120 Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) patients with 40 patients in each group of mild (<10%), moderate (10-20%) and frequent (>20%) PVCs burden. 40 healthy subjects with no PVCs were taken as a control group. NT-proBNP levels were measured in all groups and statistical analysis was done by applying ANOVA and Pearson correlation test to evaluate its association with PVCs burdenResultsNT-proBNP levels were found to be raised in all PVCs burden of <10%, 10-20% and >20% as compare to control group with p value of 0.039*, 0.02* and 0.009* respectively. p value of ≤0.05 was considered significant. PVCs patients show higher NT-proBNP levels as compared to control group whether they were symptomatic or asymptomatic with p-value of 0.002* and 0.04*.Conclusion It is concluded that NT-proBNP levels are raised in patients of PVCs. This finding can be helpful for diagnostic and screening purposes of PVCs in a population.