bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intense broadband photoemission from Bi‐doped ZrO2 embedded in vitreous aluminoborate via direct melt‐quenching
Authors: Cao Jiangkun , Reupert Aaron , Ding Yicong , Wondraczek Lothar 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTuning the optical properties of active species embedded within a glass matrix by modifying the ligand environment is of interest for luminescence‐based technologies, for example, in optical sensing, data transmission, or spectral conversion. Here, we discuss a facile synthesis procedure for a glass‐crystal composite material comprising of bismuth (Bi)‐doped zirconia within an aluminoborate glass phase. The approach offers tunable and broad photoemission characteristics in the visible spectral region from 400 to 750 nm. Incorporation of Bi ions into the crystal phase enhances the photoemission intensity by two orders of magnitude, with an external quantum efficiency of about 29%. At higher ZrO2 dopant concentration, we observe a red‐shift of both the excitation and the emission bands to match commodity ultra‐violet light emitting diodes as excitation sources. Encapsulation within the aluminoborate glass phase provides advantageous thermal behavior, with the emission intensity remaining at >80 % of its initial value up to a temperature of 400 K.
Conditional Generosity and Deservingness in Public Support for European Unemployment Risk Sharing*
Authors: Baute Sharon , Nicoli Francesco , Vandenbroucke Frank 
Published: December 2021

AbstractPrevious research into public support for welfare solidarity often refers to the importance of ‘reciprocity’, which means that generous social benefits are supported if they are matched by credible commitments to contribute by those who can. The current article adds to this body of literature by providing novel empirical evidence on the roles of generosity and conditionality in support for European unemployment insurance programmes. Drawing on a conjoint survey experiment in 13 European countries, we show that Europeans may be motivated by an ethos of reciprocity, since policy proposals that are both generous and conditional are the most popular among the general population. However, conditional generosity seems to have much more traction among those who consider the unemployed as undeserving, suggesting that EU‐level policies may succeed in overcoming the diffidence of welfare sceptics if reciprocity is ensured in the architecture of the policy design.
Quality of life and clinical characteristics of self‐improving congenital ichthyosis within the disease spectrum of autosomal‐recessive congenital ichthyosis
Authors: Hake L. , Süßmuth K. , Komlosi K. , Kopp J. , Drerup C. , Metze D. , Traupe H. , Hausser I. , Eckl K.M. , Hennies H.C. , Fischer J. , Oji V. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundAutosomal‐recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a heterogeneous group of ichthyoses presenting at birth. Self‐improving congenital ichthyosis (SICI) is a subtype of ARCI and is diagnosed when skin condition improves remarkably (within years) after birth. So far, there are sparse data on SICI and quality of life (QoL) in this ARCI subtype. This study aims to further delineate the clinical spectrum of SICI as a rather unique subtype of ARCI.ObjectivesThis prospective study included 78 patients (median age: 15 years) with ARCI who were subdivided in SICI (n = 18) and non‐SICI patients (nSICI, n = 60) by their ARCI phenotype.MethodsQuality of life (QoL) was assessed using the (Children’s) Dermatology Life Quality Index. Statistical analysis was performed with chi‐squared and t‐Tests.ResultsThe genetically confirmed SICI patients presented causative mutations in the following genes: ALOXE3 (8/16; 50.0%), ALOX12B (6/16; 37.5%), PNPLA1 (1/16; 6.3%) and CYP4F22 (1/16; 6.3%). Hypo‐/anhidrosis and insufficient vitamin D levels (<30 ng/mL) were often seen in SICI patients. Brachydactyly (a shortening of the 4th and 5th fingers) was statistically more frequent in SICI (P = 0.023) than in nSICI patients. A kink of the ear’s helix was seen in half of the SICI patients and tends to occur more frequently in patients with ALOX12B mutations (P = 0.005). QoL was less impaired in patients under the age of 16, regardless of ARCI type.ConclusionsSICI is an underestimated, milder clinical variant of ARCI including distinct features such as brachydactyly and kinking of the ears. Clinical experts should be aware of these features when seeing neonates with a collodion membrane. SICI patients should be regularly checked for clinical parameters such as hypo‐/anhidrosis or vitamin D levels and monitored for changes in quality of life.
Frequency and factors associated with foregone and delayed medical care due to COVID‐19 among nonelderly US adults from August to December 2020
Authors: Giannouchos Theodoros V. , Brooks John M. , Andreyeva Elena , Ukert Benjamin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo estimate the frequency and factors associated with foregone and delayed medical care attributed to the COVID‐19 pandemic among nonelderly adults from August to December 2020 in the United States.MethodsWe used three survey waves from the Urban Institute's Household Pulse Survey (HPS) collected between August 19–31, October 14–26 and December 9–21. The final sample included 155,825 nonelderly (18–64) respondents representing 135,835,598 million individuals in the United States. We used two multivariable logistic regressions to estimate the association between respondents' characteristics and foregone and delayed care.ResultsThe frequency of foregone and delayed medical care was 26.9% and 35.9%, respectively. Around 60% of respondents reported difficulties in paying for usual household expenses in the last 7 days. More than half reported several days of mental health issues. The regression results indicated that foregone or delayed care were significantly associated with difficulties in paying usual household expenses (p < 0.001), worse self‐reported health status (p < 0.001), increased mental health problems (p < 0.001), Veterans Affairs (p <0.001) or Medicaid (p = 0.003) coverage compared to private healthcare coverage, and older age groups. Individuals who participated in the latter two waves of the survey (October, December) were less likely to report foregone and delayed care compared to those who participated in Wave 1 (August).ConclusionOverall, the frequency of foregone and delayed medical care remained high from August to December 2020 among nonelderly US adults. Our findings highlight that pandemic‐induced access barriers are major drivers of reduced healthcare provision during the second half of the pandemic and highlight the need for policies to support patients in seeking timely care.
Is the frequency of dietitian support associated with greater clinical improvements in adults with Crohn's disease undertaking exclusive enteral nutrition?
Authors: Purcell Liz , Mutsekwa Rumbidzai , Angus Rebecca , Shukla Dheeraj , Palmer Michelle 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundExclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is considered to be an effective, low‐risk therapy in the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD). Frequent dietetic support may assist adults to succeed. The present observational study aimed to compare whether the frequency of dietetic support during EEN therapy was associated with differences in clinical and nutritional outcomes across two gastroenterology inflammatory bowel disease services. Site A provided ≥3 visits plus more if clinically indicated and Site B provided weekly support.MethodsEligible patients were adults with active CD recommended to be treated with oral EEN for ≥6 weeks between February 2018 and December 2019. Demographic, anthropometric, clinical, medications, pathology and EEN treatment descriptors were sourced from the medical chart. Descriptive statistics, as well as chi‐squared and t tests, were used to compare data between sites.ResultsEighty‐four CD patients were eligible (44 ± 14 years, 54% female, baseline Crohn's disease activity index [CDAI] 259.5 ± 113.1, n = 51 Site A) and completed EEN for median (range) 6.1 (1–12) weeks. Most patients (82%, n = 69/84) completed ≥6 weeks of EEN treatment. CDAI score and calprotectin improved across the total sample from pre‐ to post‐EEN by −109.8 ± 92.1 (p < 0.001) and −65 µg g–1 (−65,230 to 4370) (p = 0.002), respectively. Dietitian occasions of service were more frequent at Site B (7 [4–12] occasions vs. 3 [1–8], p < 0.001). However, changes in clinical and biomarker data were similar between sites (p < 0.05).ConclusionsEEN with regular dietetic input resulted in clinical and biochemical improvements for patients with active CD. Tailoring dietetic support based on the client's needs and preference may achieve clinical improvements similar to providing weekly dietetic support to adults on EEN.
The politics of conviviality: On‐the‐ground experiences from Spanish‐speaking Latin Americans in Elephant and Castle, London
Authors: Márquez Reiter Rosina , Patiño‐Santos Adriana 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper aims to contribute to studies of social relations among Spanish‐speaking Latin Americans (SsLAs) in the London‐based diaspora. In public discourse, members of this social group present themselves as an “ethnic community.” However, reported tensions among themselves suggest that this image of unity is not necessarily consonant with their on‐the‐ground experiences of one another in diaspora. The regeneration of Elephant and Castle (E&C), one of their cultural enclaves in the city, and the arrival of onward Latin Americans (OLAs) from other parts of Europe, after 2008, exacerbated some of these tensions.The data for this paper come from linguistic ethnographic fieldwork conducted over one year (2014–15) in and around the E&C area. An examination of the reflective accounts gathered in interviews with two SsLAs retailers based in E&C since the 1990s reveals that (i) the tensions are caused by the struggle to access scarce economic resources at a time of socioeconomic change, and (ii) the social hierarchies established by the history of settlement of members of the group. Together they signal the ambivalence in the way that convivial relations are experienced by different social actors and lead us to consider the situated nature of conviviality (Rampton 2015).
Spider bites in France: Epidaemiology of cases occurring in 10 years in metropolitan France
Authors: Le Roux Gaël , Richard Virginie , Larcher Gérald ,   French PCC Research Group, Sinno‐Tellier Sandra , Labadie Magali , de Haro Luc , Descatha Alexis 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSpiders are often wrongly designated as responsible for cutaneous eruptions. We aim to describe spider bites and the spider species implicated in metropolitan France. A retrospective observational study was conducted for all reported cases of spider bites from 2007 to 2018 extracted from the French Poison Control Centers (PCCs) information system, after exclusion of non‐native spiders. We described identification of the spider, level of certainty of the bite, symptoms and severity of cases. 1194 cases of spider bites met the inclusion criteria. The average age of the patients was 36.9 ± 19.8 years. Identification of the species or at least that a spider was implicated was only possible in 346 cases (29.0%). Loxosceles were involved in 53 cases (4.4%), Latrodectus in 46 cases (3.9%) and Cheiracanthium in 35 cases (2.9%). In one third of cases, the involved spider was not known to be present where the bite occurred. Where most of the patients (n = 1111, 93%) reported at least one cutaneous symptom, most of the symptoms were neurological. The bite was considered proven in only 242 cases (20%). Despite the efforts of arachnologists to educate the public, the fear of spiders is still alive in France, where spider bite is rare with low severity and often unproven.
From Suriyya al‐Asad to Souriatna: Civic nationalism in the Syrian revolutionary press
Authors: Chevée Adélie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractScholarship on the Syrian conflict has too often reduced the analysis of political behaviour to the causal variable of sectarianism and therefore overlooked the role of other identities sustaining mobilization since 2011. Using the case of the revolutionary newspaper Souriatna, this article argues that a civic re‐imagining of the nation that was neither ethnic nor sectarian informed the identity claims of anti‐regime protestors throughout the conflict and well beyond the peaceful protests of 2011. Civic nationalism, a re‐imagining of the nation as a self‐determined community of equal citizens was generated through print newspaper practices and the iteration of symbols, specifically the map of Syria in its current territorial boundaries and the Independence flag. This re‐imagined nationalism from below challenged both state discourse of sectarian fragmentation since 2011 and Suriyya al‐Asad, the personification of power around the figure of the state leader.
Stable liver graft post anti‐PD1 therapy as a bridge to transplantation in an adolescent with hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kang Elise , Martinez Mercedes , Moisander‐Joyce Hanna , Saenger Yvonne M. , Griesemer Adam D. , Kato Tomoaki , Yamashiro Darrell J. , Remotti Helen , Gartrell Robyn D. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundImmunotherapy, specifically immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including anti‐programmed cell death 1 (anti‐PD1), has recently received clinical approval for the treatment of adult hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the safety and efficacy of ICIs prior to solid organ transplant are unknown, especially in pediatrics. Safety reports are variable in adults, with some series describing subsequent allograft rejection and loss while others report successful transplants without allograft rejection.As ICIs stimulate the immune system by blocking the interaction between PD1 and the ligand‐receptor pair programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (PDL1), the downstream effects of T‐cell activation increase the risk of graft rejection.MethodsHere, we present a case of an adolescent with moderately differentiated non‐fibrolamellar HCC treated with pembrolizumab, an anti‐PD1 therapy, who subsequently underwent successful orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).ResultsOur patient received an OLT 138 days from the last pembrolizumab dose with graft preservation. The patient has no evidence of recurrent disease or any episode of allograft rejection 48 months post OLT. Staining of tumor and normal tissues from longitudinal specimens finds PDL1 positive Kupffer cells present in normal liver and peritumoral areas with no changes post anti‐PD1 therapy. In contrast, tumor cells were negative for PDL1.ConclusionThis case represents a basis for optimism in potential use of anti‐PD1 therapy in liver transplant candidates and supports further investigation of immune checkpoint inhibitors use in this unique patient population.
Late renal allograft torsion in a pediatric transplant recipient
Authors: Hsiao Wendy Chiawen , Abt Peter , Amaral Sandra , Levine Matthew , LaRosa Christopher 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundKidney allograft torsion is a rare complication of kidney transplant that can lead to allograft loss from prolonged ischemia if not quickly corrected with detorsion and nephropexy. We report a case of late intraperitoneal renal allograft torsion in a pediatric transplant recipient.Case ReportThe patient is a 7‐year‐old male with a history of end‐stage renal disease secondary to renal dysplasia in the setting of bilateral high‐grade vesicoureteral reflux. He underwent bilateral native nephrectomies for recurrent pyelonephritis and right ureteral kink with urinary tract obstruction. Torsion occurred 3 years after transplant in the setting of one day of emesis, loose stool, severe abdominal pain, and decreased urine output. Diagnosis of transplant torsion was suspected on non‐contrast CT scan done after transplant Doppler ultrasound showed no flow to the allograft. The CT scan showed that the kidney had been medialized and renal hilum was flipped from the expected orientation. The patient required a transplant nephrectomy.ConclusionsRenal transplant torsion is a rare event but should be suspected in any renal transplant recipient with acute onset of abdominal pain, acute kidney injury, and decreased urine output, regardless of length of time from transplantation. Patients suspected to have renal torsion should be evaluated emergently with a transplant ultrasound Doppler.
Light‐emitting‐diode‐based antimicrobial photodynamic therapies in the treatment of periodontitis
Authors: Chen Shuang , Tang Luyao , Xu Meng , Chen Tianran , Zhao Shouliang , Liu Muqing , Liu Shangfeng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe use of light‐emitting diode (LED)‐based photodynamic therapies in the treatment of periodontitis is increasing because these modalities are effective, safe, and painless. They are not subject to acquired drug resistance or environmental issues and are associated with no complications when used appropriately. These light sources have also been used in combination with pharmacological measures to synergize their effects and optimize therapeutic outcomes. This review focuses on optical devices used in treating periodontitis and delineates the current applications of various methods, including their utility and efficacy. The application of LEDs in periodontology is described.
Individualised Care Scale‐Nurse: Construct validity and internal consistency of the Spanish version
Authors: Rodríguez‐Martín Beatriz , García‐Camacha Gutiérrez Irene , Caro‐Alonso Pedro Angel , Suhonen Riitta , García‐Camacha Gutiérrez Aurora 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundIndividualising the provided care is mandatory in nursing and is essential in clinical practice. Therefore, there is a need to develop accurate instruments to evaluate the quality of care. Moreover, there is no validated instrument to assess nurses’ views of individualised care in Spanish‐speaking countries.AimTo assess the construct validity and internal consistency of the Spanish version of the Individualised Care Scale‐Nurse.MethodsA cross‐sectional study including 108 nursing professionals (40.84 ± 9.51 years old, 86.1% female) was used to validate the Spanish Individualised Care Scale‐Nurse version. A forward‐back translation method with an expert panel and a cross‐sectional study was used for transcultural adaptation and psychometric validation purposes. Psychometric properties of feasibility, reliability and validity were assessed. Construct validity was examined through a confirmatory factor analysis and fit indices of the overall model were computed. Internal consistency was explored through McDonald’s omega and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients among other correlation measures.ResultsThe back‐translation concluded both Spanish and English Individualised Care Scale‐Nurse versions to be equivalent. The original structure of the Individualised Care Scale‐Nurse was verified in the Spanish version through the confirmatory factor analysis (factor loadings >0.3; acceptable fit indices: SRMR ≈ 0.08, CFI ≈ 0.9, RMSEA ≈ 0.09 after posteriori modifications). McDonald's omega exceeded 0.7 for both subscales and complete scales revealing an adequate internal consistency.ConclusionsThe Spanish version of the Individualised Care Scale‐Nurse has exhibited good properties of homogeneity and construct validity for its use in practice and research in health care systems.
Caregiver exposure to hepatitis C virus following transplantation with hepatitis C viremic donor organs: A case series
Authors: Kim Michelle , Stern Jeffrey , Robalino Ryan , Weldon Elaina P. , Ali Nicole M. , Mehta Sapna A. , Stewart Zoe A. , Lonze Bonnie E. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDirect‐acting antiviral (DAA) therapeutics have ushered in an era in which transplanting organs from donors infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV+) into recipients without (HCV–) is an increasingly common practice. Rare but potentially life‐threatening events have been reported in recipients of HCV+ organs. Since 2018 at our institution, 182 HCV– patients have received HCV+ donor organs. Here, we retrospectively reviewed cases in which recipients’ family member caregivers reported sustaining needlestick exposures at home following discharge of the transplant recipient from the hospital. Caregiver needlestick exposures were passively reported in three cases of HCV+ into HCV– transplants (1.64% of such cases at our center). In all instances, the exposed individuals were aiding in diabetic management and the exposure occurred via lancets or insulin needles. In one case, the recipient viral load was undetectable at the time of the exposure but in the other two, recipients were viremic, putting their family members at risk to contract HCV infection. Surveillance for the exposed individuals was undertaken and no transmissions occurred. For centers performing HCV+ into HCV– transplants, it is important that informed consent includes discussion of potential secondary risks to family members and caregivers. Further, protocols for postexposure surveillance and for the acquisition of DAA treatment in the event of a secondary transmission should be in place.
Ethics and consent in more‐than‐human research: Some considerations from/with/as Gumbaynggirr Country, Australia
Authors:   Yandaarra with Gumbaynggirr Country including, Smith Aunty Shaa , Marshall Uncle Bud , Smith Neeyan , Wright Sarah , Daley Lara , Hodge Paul 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA considerable body of recent work within the social sciences has attempted to engage more deeply with place, place‐based knowledge, and more‐than‐human agency. Yet what this might look like in relation to ethical research practice, especially in the case of research proceeding on unceded Indigenous lands, is unclear. Taking more‐than‐human agency seriously means ethical research practice must be extended beyond a human‐centric approach. As a Gumbaynggirr and non‐Gumbaynggirr research collective researching on, with, and as Gumbaynggirr Country in so‐called Australia, we offer a contribution to discussions of research ethics and protocols that centres the consent of Country: the lands, waters, and skies of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander homelands, and the human and more‐than‐human beings that co‐become there. In this paper, we share some of our learnings and discuss how we have tried not just to listen to Country but also to honour its agencies, knowledges, and sovereignties. As part of this honouring, we prioritise in particular the deeply placed Gumbaynggirr knowledges of Aunty Shaa Smith and Uncle Bud Marshall to explore what being guided by Gumbaynggirr Law/Lore and sovereignty means in practice and the challenges and possibilities of gaining consent of Country in ways underpinned by Indigenous Law/Lore. We propose a more expansive understanding of consent that includes attention to more‐than‐human sovereignties and draw on our collective's learning to reframe the need for limits on research as openings rather than closures. In sharing our Gumbaynggirr‐led and Country‐led perspectives, we aim to deepen decolonising research praxis within human geography and the social sciences more broadly.