bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of lumbar disc herniation with radiculopathy: Results of an Iberian-Latin American survey
Authors: Quinteros Guisela , Yurac Ratko , Zamorano Juan José , Díez-Ulloa Máximo-Alberto , Pudles Edson , Marré Bartolomé A. 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Lumbar disc herniation (LDH)/radiculopathy is the most frequent cause of lost workdays in people under 50 years of age. Although there is consensus about how to assess these patients, the optimal management strategy is still debated.

Methods:
An online survey was sent to spine surgeons who are members of the Iberian-Latin American Spine Society to assess how they treat LDH with radiculopathy.

Results:
There were 718 surgeons who answered the survey; 66% reported that 76–100% of their monthly clinic work was due to spine issues. The most frequently used conservative treatment modalities included non-opioid analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (90.5%), followed by physical therapy (55.2%) and pregabalin (41.4%). Notably, 40% of surgeons in the public sector believed that conservative treatment failed if symptoms persisted beyond 6–12 weeks, while 39% of private surgeons deemed conservative management insufficient if it had failed to provide symptomatic relief with 3–6 weeks. Of interest, 78% utilized epidural steroid injections (ESI); 51.7% preferred the transforaminal, 27.2% the interlaminar, and 7.5% the caudal approaches. The most frequent indications for surgery included: cauda equina syndrome, progressive neurological deficits, and intractable pain. Traditional microdiscectomy was the most common technique (68.5%) utilized, followed by 7.5% advocating endoscopic disc resection, and just 6.4% favoring the tubular discectomy.

Conclusion:
There is considerable heterogeneity among Iberian and Latin American spine surgeons in the treatment of LDH/radiculopathy. Although most begin with the utilization of NSAIDs and non-opioid analgesics, followed by ESI (88%), surgery was recommended for persistent symptoms/signs for those failing between 3 and 6 weeks (private sector) versus 6–12 weeks (public sector) of conservative therapy.
Achondroplasia with seronegative spondyloarthropathy resulting in recurrent spinal stenosis : A case report
Authors: Sakhrekar Rajendra , Hadgaonkar Shailesh , Hadgaonkar Manisha , Sancheti Parag , Shyam Ashok 
Published: July 2021

Background:
Achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant condition caused by the G380 mutation of the gene encoding fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 on chromosome 4P. The classical findings include rhizomelic extremities, short stature, and spinal stenosis involving the upper cervical and distal lumbar spine. Rarely, achondroplasia coexisting with seronegative spondyloarthropathy can result in recurrent canal stenosis. Here, we report a 36-year-old male with symptomatic recurrent L3-L4 spinal stenosis 9 years following an original L2-S1 lumbar decompression for stenosis.

Case Description:
A 36-year-old male with achondroplasia (height of 113 cm and weight 43 kg [BMI-33.7]) presented with low back and right lower extremity sciatica (ODI 39). He had achondroplasia with a short stature. Nine years ago, he had an L2-S1 laminectomy for decompression of stenosis. When the new MRI revealed recurrent severe L3-4 stenosis, he underwent a repeated L3-L4 decompression with fusion. One year later, the patient was neurologically intact with radiographic confirmation of adequate L3-L4 arthrodesis.

Conclusion:
A 36-year-old male with achondroplasia and a history 9 years ago of an L2-S1 laminectomy for stenosis, presented with symptoms and signs of recurrent L3-L4 stenosis that responded to repeated decompression and fusion.
Cerebral vasospasm and hypoperfusion after traumatic brain injury: Combined CT angiography and CT perfusion imaging study
Authors: Maegawa Tatsuya , Sasahara Atsushi , Ohbuchi Hidenori , Chernov Mikhail , Kasuya Hidetoshi 
Published: July 2021

Background:Timely identification of the cerebral perfusion abnormalities after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is highly important. The objective of this study was the evaluation of the post traumatic vasospasm and cerebral hypoperfusion with the serial combined CT angiography (CTA) and CT perfusion (CTP) imaging examinations.Methods:The case series comprised 25 adult patients with closed TBI accompanied by various types of intracranial hematoma. Emergency surgery was done in 15 cases (60%). Combined CTA and CTP were performed on days 0 (D0) and 7 ± 1 (D7) after trauma.Results:CTA on D0 did not demonstrate vasospasm in any case but revealed it on D7 in 9 patients (36%). In the multivariate analysis, only the presence of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) on D7 had confirmed a significant association with the development of vasospasm (P= 0.0201). Cerebral hypoperfusion at least in one evaluated brain region was noted on D0 and D7 in 76% and 60% of patients, respectively, and showed highly variable spatial distribution and temporal development. Treatment results were not associated with the presence of vasospasm (P= 0.7337) or the number of brain regions affected by hypoperfusion on D0 (P= 0.2285), but the number of brain regions affected by hypoperfusion on D7 was significantly greater in cases of unfavorable outcome (P= 0.0187).Conclusion:Vasospasm is merely related to SAH sustained at the subacute stage of TBI, but its spatial and temporary interrelationships with the post traumatic cerebral hypoperfusion are complex. Serial combined CTA and CTP examinations may facilitate monitoring of perfusion abnormalities and treatment guidance.
Model of development, prevention and treatment of oral lichen planus. Part II
Authors: Orekhova L. Yu. , Osipova M. V. , Ladyko А. А. 
Published: July 2021

Relevance.Currently, system-wide patterns of development, progression of oral lichen planus have not been studied enough. The questions of substantiation of expedient therapeutic and prophylactic measures for this disease with characteristic risk factors have not been worked out in many respects.Purpose.Identifcation of new system-wide regularities of oral lichen planus based on the development of a model for its development, prevention and treatment.Materials and methods.The study design included: the development of a model for the development, progression, prevention and treatment of oral lichen planus; clinical dental examination of 350 patients with oral lichen planus (the diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical data and the results of ﬂuorescent diagnostics); evaluation of the effectiveness of a set of measures, including the prescription of drugs (Imudon, Kudesan, Tenoten).Results.New system-wide regularities of lichen planus are revealed. For the frst time, the relative frequencies and intensities of transitions of various forms of lichen planus from one to another are estimated. A method is proposed for estimating the moment of saturation of the therapeutic and prophylactic effect of a complex of measures on the oral mucosa with lichen planus using ﬂuorescent diagnostics. The temporal characteristics of this moment were determined during the performance of the therapeutic and prophylactic complex.Summary.The developed model will allow, without signifcant time and material costs, justify therapeutic and prophylactic measures that are expedient for various groups of the population in case of oral lichen planus of the oral mucosa.
The use of fiberotomy patients before and after orthodontic treatment tight regulations incisors
Authors: Kulakov S. A. , Bayrikov I. M. , Postnikov M. A. , Pankratova N. V. , Ustina M. V. 
Published: July 2021

Relevance of the research topic. The frequency of the spread of the crowded position of the teeth in the frontal parts of the jaws among other dental anomalies, according to R. Ferro (2016) is 48% of the number of all examined by him. Due to the wide prevalence of anomalies in the optimization of orthodontic treatment of patients with a crowded position of the teeth continue to attract researchers. Studies of a number of authors have shown, the prevalence of malocclusion is an average of 33.7 per cent. The frequency of anomalies of occlusion, combined with the close position of the teeth in the anterior region is increased to 59-73%. The role of the third molars in the formation of the crowded position of the teeth continues to be clarifed. The goal is to increase the effciency of orthodontic treatment of patients with kuchennym the position of the teeth in the frontal parts of the jaws due to ulzibat and vibropneumotables.Materials and methods. In the study, analysis of histological preparations 35 patients aged 16-25 with kuchennym position of the cutters who underwent orthodontic treatment by the conventional method with the use of permanent equipment. Three groups were identifed: 1st-control, 2nd-before applying non – removable equipment performed fbrotomy and 3rd-after removal of non – removable equipment performed fbrotomy according to the standard procedure in the Department of maxillofacial surgery and dentistry Sammu. Results. In the examined three groups of patients, the revealed structural changes in the gingival mucosa indicate its damage and the presence of chronic productive inﬂammation as a response to physiological response to hardware orthodontic treatment. The results of comparison of microphotographs of multilayer ﬂat epithelium of the mucous membrane of the alveolar process of the jaws in three groups of patients were the answer to the task of the study.Summary. The histological structure of the attached mucous-periosteal cover of the alveolar process of the upper and lower jaw in the area of the crowded position of the teeth before orthodontic treatment was studied for the frst time with the help of morphological methods of research this allowed to reveal distinctive morphological features in this group of patients. In the comparative aspect, the morphological structure of the mucous-periosteal cover of the alveolar process of the upper and lower jaw after orthodontic treatment and in the retention period in the main and control groups of patients was studied, which deepened the knowledge of the processes of ligamentous apparatus restructuring depending on the method of treatment.
INFORMATION-MODELING SYSTEMS AS A TOOL FOR FORMING A MUNICIPAL STRATEGY
Authors: Вакарев Александр Алексеевич , Медведева Людмила Николаевна , Гришин Игорь Александрович , Виноградов Валерий Валериевич , Иевлева Наталья Владимировна 
Published: July 2021

Целью исследования является рассмотрение информационно-модулирующих систем (ИМС) для реализации многовариантных решений в области стратегического развития средних городов России. Методами исследования выступают ретроспективный анализ создания аналогичных отечественных систем в 80-х гг. XX в., а также организационно-структурное моделирование ИМС на основе современной научно-технической базы для применения в настоящее время. Новизна проведенного исследования заключается в разработке структуры и математического обеспечения ИМС, ориентированных на многовариантное стратегическое управление муниципальными образованиями. Область применения материалов и результатов научной статьи находится в сфере организации управления и развития экономики российских муниципалитетов различного уровня.
The purpose of the study was the creation of information-modulating systems (IMS) for the implementation of multivariable solutions in the field of strategic development of medium-sized cities in Russia. The methods of research at the same time are a retrospective analysis of the creation of such domestic systems in the 80s. XX century, as well as organizational and structural modeling of IMS based on the modern scientific and technical base for use at present. The novelty of the research consists in the development of the structure and mathematical support of IMS focused on the multivariate strategic management of municipalities. The field of application of the materials and results of the scientific article is in the field of organization of management and development of the economy of Russian municipalities at various levels.
MARKETING RESEARCH IN THE PIZZERIA MARKET
Authors: Казначеева Светлана Николаевна 
Published: July 2021

В настоящее время в России продолжает расти популярность пиццы. Авторами выделены лидеры российского рынка пиццерий, а также составлен рейтинг пиццерий на нижегородском рынке. Целью статьи выступает определение емкости рынка выбранного сегмента. Научная новизна статьи представлена результатами проведенного маркетингового исследования на рынке пиццерий в г. Н. Новгород. Рассмотрены причины развития маркетинговых исследований как практической области. Представлены источники получения информации для проведения маркетинговых исследований сферы питания в современном обществе. Выделены клиентские потоки применительно к специфике деятельности предприятий общественного питания сетевых форматов (постоянные и дискретные), а также его признаки (причина движения, однородность группы, регулярность движения, переход представителей клиентского потока в качественно иной статус, наличие процесса движения группы).
The authors point out that marketing is a type of activity that develops changes and evolves with us. There is the essence of the concept of “marketing research” and the authors reveal the reasons for the development of marketing research as a practical area. The authors note that marketing research is a broader concept than market research, as it covers all the factors that affect, to one degree or another, the activities of an organization. There are sources of information for marketing research in the article. The catering sector in modern society is a rather popular type of service. Client flows are highlighted in relation to the specifics of the activities of public catering enterprises of network formats (permanent and discrete) The authors list the signs of the client flow (the reason for the movement, the homogeneity of the group, the regularity of the movement, the transition of the representatives of the client flow to a qualitatively different status, the presence of the group movement process). Currently, the popularity of pizza among Russians is increasing. In order to determine the state of the pizza market, the authors conducted a marketing research. The leaders of the Russian pizzeria market were identified, and a rating of pizzerias in the Nizhny Novgorod market was compiled. The purpose of this article is to determine the market capacity of the selected segment. The scientific novelty of the article comes down to the fact that the authors conducted a marketing research in the pizza market of Nizhny Novgorod.
Friendship as a Non-Relative Virtue
Authors: Friedman Rachel 
Published: July 2021

This article takes its bearings from Martha Nussbaum’s “Non-Relative Virtues: An Aristotelian Approach.” There, Nussbaum proposes an analytic framework that is intended to allow those who disagree about the virtues, in particular due to cultural differences, to engage in fruitful dialogue with one another. To explore what such an approach might look like in practice, this article considers the case study of friendship. It critiques Aristotle’s account of that virtue and provides an alternative based on contemporary understandings. By placing these two accounts into conversation, the analysis demonstrates the promise of cross-cultural and cross-historical dialogue about the virtues.
¿QUÉ CAMBIOS SE ESTÁN PRODUCIENDO EN LAS FUERZAS ARMADAS LATINOAMERICANAS?
Authors: MANUEL UGARTE JOSÉ 
Published: July 2021

Las Fuerzas Armadas latinoamericanas son una realidad dinámica más en una región en constante cambio. Mientras en Latinoamérica el antiguo predominio de gobiernos de centro-izquierda y de izquierda ha cedido paso a una gran mayoría de gobiernos conservadores, la integración subregional y regional aparece en franca decadencia, surge entre los Estados entre sí y dentro de ellos un enrarecido clima de lucha ideológica, y la prolongada paz de la región ya no parece un bien que hay que dar por sobreentendido, parece inevitable que ese nuevo clima regional impacte en las Fuerzas Armadas. En este ámbito puede observarse un claro retroceso del control civil o conducción política de la defensa en diversos grados en la mayoría de los Estados, pudiendo también advertirse una creciente tendencia al involucramiento de las referidas Fuerzas en roles no tradicionales militares, particularmente en seguridad interior, y la búsqueda o incluso el logro de cierta autonomía. Mientras el equipamiento y el gasto militar permanecen sin mayores alteraciones, algunos países se han reequipado significativamente, sin que ello se haya traducido hasta el momento en alteraciones o amenazas a la paz.Los máximos interrogantes parecen radicar en las limitaciones y desafíos en materia de control civil y en los efectos del creciente empleo de las Fuerzas Armadas en seguridad interior tanto en materia política –respecto del control civil–, así como el eventual debilitamiento de la democracia y del respeto de los derechos humanos en los países de la región, como también en los nunca descartables efectos que la polarización política pueda producir en materia de tensiones internacionales en la región.
The mia mutants of Streptomyces albus J1074 are prone to translational errors and susceptible to certain stressors
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Rydkin O. , Koshla O. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Ostas B. ,   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv
Published: July 2021

Streptomyces albus J1074 has been established by us as a convenient model to study different aspects of tRNALeuUAA-dependent regulatory mechanisms, that take place in genus Streptomyces. These mechanisms are important for proper morphological and physiological transitions of streptomycete colonies, such as the onset of antibiotic production in stationary phase of growth. The genes for post-transcriptional modification of adenosine residue in 37th position of tRNAXXA family (so called mia genes) were shown to be important for the aforementioned processes, most likely because they impact tRNALeuUAA among other tRNAs. Our results were largely consistent with what is known about mia mutations in the other model systems, such as yeast and enterobacteria. Nevertheless, we also revealed several differences from the model systems, such as decreased susceptibility to hydrogen peroxide. This prompted us to look deeper into the behavior of the mia mutants, particularly their response to different stress factors. Here we report that S. albus mia mutants exhibit increased mistranslation rate as compared to their parental strain. These mutants are more susceptible than the parental strain to disulfide stress inducer diamide and DNA repair stressor caffeine. In summary, although the deficiency in certain tRNA modification appears to cause identical or very similar response (such as elevated mistranslation) across all so far studied bacterial systems, it also induces species- or genus-specific effects (such as disparate effects on H2O2 susceptibility). These differences could be attributed to the peculiarities of organization/function of regulatory pathway governing the response to a given stress. The observed results are further discussed in the wider context of the role of tRNA modification pathway in bacterial biology.
Influence of heavy metal ions on ecotoxicological indicators of planorbarius corneus (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Bulinidae)
Authors:   Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University, Babych Y. , Pinkina T. ,   Polissya National University
Published: July 2021

The influence of different concentrations of ions of copper, zinc, nickel, manganese of the aquatic environment on the ecotoxicological indicators of the wide range and the most numerous species of malacofauna of Ukraine – Planorbarius corneus (Linnaeus, 1758) was studied. According to the level of toxic effect on the coils, the pollutants studied by us belong to the categories of low-toxic (Mn2+), moderately toxic (Ni2+), highly toxic (Zn2+) and highly toxic (Cu2+) substances. The values of subthreshold, sublethal, chronically lethal, and acute lethal concentrations for each of the used toxicants (mg/dm3) were determined according to the peculiarities of behavior and physiological condition of the experimental animals. As the concentrations of metal ions in the medium increase, the values of the latent period in P. corneus increase. The first signs of poisoning in animals are a weakening of motor activity and increased mucus secretion. At lethal concentrations (LC100) of these toxicants in experimental mollusks develops a rapid pathological process. By the end of the experiment, all individuals in this group die. With increasing concentrations of heavy metal ions, lethal time and lethal mean time decrease. The highest lethal time values were observed for manganese (II) ions, and the lowest for copper ions. The reversibility of mollusk poisoning by different concentrations of these metals was studied. Restoration of functions in the studied animals is carried out in reverse order. Under the action of the same concentrations of heavy metal ions, the duration of the lethal mean time is different. The value of the coefficient of endurance under the influence of heavy metals on the horn extract decreases from high to low concentrations. At subthreshold concentrations, this coefficient cannot be established due to the absence of 100 % death of individuals until the end of the acute experiment. The values of the adaptation coefficient are the highest for highly toxic metal (Cu2+) and the lowest for weakly toxic (Mn2+). Under the action of copper ions, the adaptation of animals to the effects of the toxicant is temporary, followed by depression.