bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cystathionine Gamma-Lyase Is A Prognostic Biomarker And Related To Immune Infiltrates In Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wu Xinrui , Liu Fengyuan , Liu Shifan , Song Chengqi , Wu Huiqun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
PurposeThe role of cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH) in the prognosis and immune invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been reported.MethodsCombined with the clinical characteristics of HCC, CTH was analyzed via R package and various databases in this study.ResultsCompared with normal tissues, the level of CTH in HCC was significantly decreased, the extent of which was related to tumor clinicopathologic stage, gender, tumor status, residual tumor, histologic stage, race, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), albumin, drinking and smoking. The results suggested that CTH might be a protective factor for the survival of HCC patients. Further functional analysis showed that the high expression of CTH was enriched in the reactome signaling by interleukins and the reactome neutrophil degranulation. Moreover, the expression of CTH was negatively correlated with the CD56 (bright) NK cells and Follicular helper T cell (TFH), positively correlated with Th17 cells and central memory T cell (Tcm), and closely correlated with the gene markers of a variety of immune cells. Also, high expression of CTH based on immune cells predicted the better prognosis of HCC. Pyridoxal phosphate, L-cysteine, Carboxymethylthio-3-(3-chlorophenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol, 2-[(3-Hydroxy-2-Methyl-5-Phosphonooxymethyl-Pyridin-4-Ylmethyl)-Imino]-5-phosphono-pent-3-enoic acid and L-2-amino-3-butynoic acid may be the targeted candidate medications for the treatment of CTH in HCC.ConclusionIn brief, CTH can be used as a biomarker to predict the prognosis and immune infiltration of HCC.
Adaptive Responses to Climate Change: The Effects of Temperature Levels on Residential Electricity use in China
Authors: Teng Meixuan , Liao Hua , Burke Paul J. , Chen Tianqi , Zhang Chen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Rising temperaturesare likely to boost residential demand for electricity in warm locationsdue toincreased use of air-conditioners, fans, and refrigeration. Yet the precise effect of temperatureson residential electricity use may vary by geographical area and with socio-economic conditions. Knowledge on this effectin developing countries is limited due to data availability and reliability issues. Using a high-quality provincial-level monthly datasetfor China and fixed-effect panel methods,we find aU-shaped and asymmetrical relationship between ambient temperature and monthly household electricity use.An additional day with a maximum temperature exceeding 34°C on average results in a 1.6% increase in monthlyper capita household electricity use relative to if that day’s maximum temperature had been in the 22­–26°C range. The effect of an additional cold day is smaller. There are differencesin effectsfor the south and the north of China and in urban versus rural areas. We estimate that temperature increases associated with climate change will lead to about a 3–5% increase in annual household electricity consumption by the end of the century under different carbon emission trajectories according to the projectionsin the 2021IPCC report. The estimated effect is larger for summer months.
Maintaining food security during difficult times: An experience of COVID-19 in Kerala
Authors: MPH Rajeev Jayalakshmi , Kannan Srinivasan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Lockdown linked to the COVID-19 pandemic generated food security associated panic among the general population. This article is an exercise to document actions taken by the Government of Kerala to prevent people from starving during such difficult times of lockdown. Inclusive interventions such as provision of dry ration free of cost, operating community kitchens and engaging in direct cash transfers were some of the highlights of the measures taken by the Government in Kerala to address the food crisis in the state. These efforts are evidence for the government’s commitment towards managing the crisis and this was possible through the involvement of effective decentralized governance through local self-government institutions and community organizations.
Analyzing the duration frequency and severity of drought using copula function in the Yazd city
Authors: EskandariPour Mehrtash , Soltaninia Shahrokh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Duration and severity are the two main variables used in drought analysis. The copula functions are appropriate for multivariate drought analysis, as it lacks the limitations of the classical multivariate distribution function. This study investigated the bivariate frequency analysis of drought duration and severity of Yazd city in Iran synoptic station during 1953–2013. To this end, first, the drought duration and severity variables were derived from the 6-month Standardized Precipitation Index. Then, considering the distribution functions, the gamma distribution function was selected for analyzing the severity and the exponential distribution function was selected for analyzing the duration and then the Clayton copula function was selected out of the three copula functions as the most appropriate one. After conducting bivariate frequency analysis, the joint seasonal and conjunctive return period and conditional return period curves were plotted. The current study well signified that multivariate analyses could present better interpretations of the reality; for example, as it was identified in conditional return period curves of the drought, for every constant duration, the amount of the return period changed as the severity changed. On the contrary, in analyzing the univariate of duration, no effects of severity were observed.
Complex mechanism of sulphane odour production in water heating and suitable remedial measures
Authors: Šašek Jaroslav , Kožíšek František 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Drinking or heated water can have a wide range of disturbing odours which have many various causes. A well known example is sulphane (hydrogen sulfide) odour, reminiscent of rotten eggs, which naturally occurs in some underground waters. Less known and hitherto unexplained is this odour arising from hot water in water heaters. As a response to complaints by consumers we investigated 14 sites and thanks to experimental work in one of these recognised a complex mechanism at work. For production of sulphane to occur in a water heater the following conditions must be met: presence of sulphate-reducing bacteria, presence of sulphates, reduction properties of water indicated by a very low nitrate content (highest value was 10 mg/L, mostly &lt;2 mg/L), and presence of sacrificial magnesium anode. We identified four possible remedial measures, some of which are less effective or only short term, or have an undesirable side-effect (corrosion). The most effective measure was replacement of the magnesium anode for an aluminium or zinc anode, which retains the anticorrosion protection of the heater.
Perfluorocarbons Therapeutics in Modern Cancer Nanotechnology for Hypoxiainduced Anti-tumor Therapy
Authors: Satija Saurabh , Sharma Prabal , Kaur Harpreet , Dhanjal Daljeet S. , Chopra Reena S. , Khurana Navneet , Vyas Manish , Sharma Neha , Tambuwala Murtaza M. , Bakshi Hamid A. , Charbe Nitin B. , Zacconi Flavia C. , Chellappan Dinesh K. , Dua Kamal , Mehta Meenu 
Published: September 2021

:
With an estimated failure rate of about 90%, immunotherapies that are intended for the treatment of
solid tumors have caused an anomalous rise in the mortality rate over the past decades. It is apparent that resistance
towards such therapies primarily occurs due to elevated levels of HIF-1 (Hypoxia-induced factor) in
tumor cells, which are caused by disrupted microcirculation and diffusion mechanisms. With the advent of nanotechnology,
several innovative advances were brought to the fore; and, one such promising direction is the use
of perfluorocarbon nanoparticles in the management of solid tumors. Perfluorocarbon nanoparticles enhance the
response of hypoxia-based agents (HBAs) within the tumor cells and have been found to augment the entry of
HBAs into the tumor micro-environment. The heightened penetration of HBAs causes chronic hypoxia, thus
aiding in the process of cell quiescence. In addition, this technology has also been applied in photodynamic
therapy, where oxygen self-enriched photosensitizers loaded perfluorocarbon nanoparticles are employed. The
resulting processes initiate a cascade, depleting tumour oxygen and turning it into a reactive oxygen species
eventually to destroy the tumour cell. This review elaborates on the multiple applications of nanotechnology
based perfluorocarbon formulations that are being currently employed in the treatment of tumour hypoxia.
Matrixmetalloproteinase Inhibitors: Promising Therapeutic Targets Against Cancer
Authors: Rani Vibha , Yadav Dhananjay , Atale Neha 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Cancer is a wide range cellular level disease that occurs when cells go through uncontrolled
division and growth. The mechanisms by which the cells undergo metastasis are complex and involve
many interactions between the tumor cells and their cellular environment. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)
have been found to over-express at various stages of tumor progression and their inhibition using MMP inhibitors
has been a subject of potential therapy against cancer.

Objective:
This review discusses recent research in MMP inhibitors (MMPI) used for preventing tumor progression.

Methods:
In this review, we explored the role of MMPs in cancer progression and summarized the current developments
in MMPIs, their role in cancer suppression in in vitro and in vivo studies and their evaluation in clinical
trials from the current research data.

Results:
MMPIs have shown to be very successful in in vitro models, cell lines and in some in vivo studies. Unfortunately,
their efficacy in clinical trials has been found to be hit and miss. Recent studies have shown that the
novel delivery approaches of MMP inhibitors may enhance their therapeutic effects towards the prevention of
cancer.

Conclusion:
In this review, we presented different MMP inhibitors, their performance at different stages of
models - in vitro, in vivo, small animal models and eventually clinical trials. We provide newer methods of
MMPI delivery that may be better targeted to suppress only specific MMPs and avoid toxic side effects in
healthy cells.
Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Targeting Y-Box-Binding Protein 1 in Cancers
Authors: Yang Jia-Wei , Sun Chao , Jin Qiu-Yang , Qiao Xing-Hui , Guo Xiu-Li 
Published: September 2021

:
As one of the most conservative proteins in evolution, Y-box-binding protein 1 (YB-1)
has long been considered as a potential cancer target. YB-1 is usually poorly expressed in normal
cells and exerts cellular physiological functions such as DNA repair, pre-mRNA splicing and mRNA
stabilizing. In cancer cells, the expression of YB-1 is up-regulated and undergoes nuclear translocation
and contributes to tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, tumor proliferation, invasion, migration
and chemotherapy drug resistance. During the past decades, a variety of pharmacological tools
such as siRNA, shRNA, microRNA, circular RNA, lncRNA and various compounds have been developed
to target YB-1 for cancer therapy. In this review, we describe the physiological characteristics
of YB-1 in detail, highlight the role of YB-1 in tumors and summarize the current therapeutic
methods for targeting YB-1 in cancer.
Curcumin-based Nanoformulations to Target Breast Cancer: Current
Trends and Challenges
Authors: Patra Digambara , Baydoun Elias , Badran Adnan , Mesmar Joelle , Wehbe Nadine , Kurdi Riham El 
Published: September 2021

:
Breast cancer remains one of the most common cancers in women worldwide, and despite
significant improvements in treatment modalities, the prognosis of this cancer is still poor.
Herbs and plant extracts have been associated with various health benefits, and traditional folk
medicine is still receiving great interest among patients as proven by accumulated records, tolerable
side effects of herbal compounds compared to their synthetic counterparts, and low cost. Curcumin
is a polyphenol identified as the main active ingredient in turmeric and has been used in the
treatment of various diseases and ailments. Additionally, the pharmacological activities of curcumin
on many cancers have been investigated substantially due to its ability to regulate many signaling
pathways involved in cancer tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, the low solubility and
bioavailability of curcumin limit its benefits, urging the need for new curcumin formulations and
delivery systems. Nanotechnology has been widely publicized in cancer treatment not only to overcome
the limitations of poorly soluble and physiologically unstable compounds but also to improve
the delivery of the drug to the diseased site and cellular uptake. In this review, we summarized the
main anti-tumor effect of curcumin and its mode of action on breast cancer and focused on the anticancer
efficacy of various and recent curcumin nanoformulations and delivery systems. Such nanotechnological
systems could pave the way to address a new future direction in this research area,
enhancing the therapeutic potential of curcumin in the treatment of breast cancer. In the next few
years, there will be more focus on developing curcumin-based materials for breast cancer treatment.
Level of Knowledge and Awareness of Diabetic Emergencies Among Turkish Bus Drivers: Example of the Mediterranean Region
Authors: Şentürk Sibel , Terkeş Nurten 
Published: September 2021

The objective of this research was to determine the level of knowledge and awareness of diabetic emergencies among Turkish bus drivers.
Methods. The universe of this descriptive and cross-sectional study was all the individuals working as bus drivers in the Mediterranean Region between January-June 2019, and the study sample was 1292 drivers who met the inclusion criteria of the research. Data were collected by the Personal Information Form and the Diabetic Emergency Information and Awareness Survey Form. Descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used in data evaluation.
Results. The average age of bus drivers participating in the study was 38.29 ± 9.44 years, while their average work experience was 12.50 ± 8.92 years. Among them, 14.9% of bus drivers had a diabetic family member; 23.7% of bus drivers had a first aid certificate; 11.5% of bus drivers received diabetes-related training. The average score of drivers for the level of knowledge and awareness regarding diabetic emergencies was found to be 15.39 ± 4.72. There was a statistically significant difference between the drivers’ average scores for the level of knowledge and awareness and their age, education status, work experience, the presence of chronic disease, the presence of a diabetic family member, the presence of a first aid certificate, diabetes-related training, the place of receiving this training variables (p < 0.05).
Conclusions. Bus drivers were found to have above average levels of knowledge and awareness of diabetic emergencies. Bus drivers are recommended to be trained on diabetic emergencies and raising awareness of diabetes mellitus to ensure a proper intervention in case of emergencies in individuals with diabetes mellitus during travels.
Online Learning Modules in Anatomical Sciences: Effective Sources for Continued Learning for Medical Undergraduates During the Unprecedent COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Viveka Srinivasan , Pushpa Nagavalli Basavanna , Ravi Kumar Satish 
Published: September 2021

Introduction. During the COVID-19 pandemic-induced lockdown, the selection of simple and authentic online material among plethora of web content is difficult for both students and teachers. This forces students and teachers to explore various avenues of learning.
The objective of this research was to evaluate free open-access anatomy e-learning resources in accordance with required standard learning outcomes for medical students.
Methods. During February 2021, an extensive search for online modules for learning anatomy across six Massive Open Online Courses, including edX, Coursera, Udemy, Khan Academy, Canvas and FutureLearn, along with Google and YouTube was conducted. Courses or modules on e-learning platforms, YouTube channels, standalone videos, anatomy atlases, 3D models were considered as learning resources and evaluated. Online materials were classified as structured learning resources if they had a defined syllabus, time duration and instructional design. Resources lacking these characteristics were considered as unstructured ones.
Results. Twenty structured learning courses were identified on the Udemy (6 courses), Coursera (3 courses), edX (2 courses), FutureLearn and Khan academy platforms. Learning resources available through Swayam Prabha were aligned with the defined syllabus and video lectures. The content hosted within Clinical Anatomy, Medvizz and Kenhub was eye-catching. Thirty-two YouTube channels offering standalone learning material were identified. Seven resource materials, other than YouTube channels, offered anatomy learning material in the form of charts and tables. Four websites noted to have 3D interactive learning content regarding gross anatomy.
Conclusions. During the pandemic-induced lockdown, the list presented in the study may act as guide in selection of the simplest and best materials for those teaching and learning anatomy in medical undergraduate courses. However, in most cases, there is no alignment with standard learning outcomes as defined by medical education regulatory authorities.
Ảnh hưởng của nhiệt độ cao kết hợp thủy phân bằng alkaline đến hiệu quả thu nhận bột khoáng giàu calcium từ xương cá lóc (Channa striata)
Authors: Thủy Lê Thị Minh , Thu Trương Thị Mộng 
Published: September 2021

Mục đích của nghiên cứu là thu nhận bột khoáng giàu calcium từ xương cá lóc bằng enzyme alkaline, nghiên cứu được thực hiện thông qua ba thí nghiệm chính: xương cá được gia nhiệt ở 95-100 trong 10 phút trước khi tiến hành thủy phân bằng enzyme alkaline ở 50 trong 6 giờ với các nồng độ enzyme khác nhau (i); ảnh hưởng của thời gian sấy đến chất lượng sản phẩm bột khoáng (ii) và theo dõi sự thay đổi chất lượng bột khoáng giàu calcium từ xương cá lóc trong 4 tuần bảo quản ở diều kiện nhiệt độ phòng (iii). Kết quả cho thấy, mẫu xương cá lóc được thủy phân bằng enzyme alkaline nồng độ 0,6% loại được 47,5% protein. Sau đó mẫu được đem sấy khô ở 50 trong 2 giờ thu được bột khoáng giàu calcium có độ ẩm, độ hòa tan, hiệu suất thu hồi và độ sáng lần lượt là 10,3%; 15,1%; 70,1% và 83,6. Sản phẩm bột khoáng giàu calcium từ xương cá lóc chứa 62,8% khoáng và hàm lượng calcium chiếm 21,01%. Sản phẩm vẫn duy trì chất lượng và an toàn vệ sinh thực phẩm sau 4 tuần bảo quản ở nhiệt độ phòng.
Xác định nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến giá đất trên địa bàn thành phố Cần Thơ
Authors: Hiền Phan Trung , Thao Pham Thanh 
Published: September 2021

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện với mục đích xác định các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến giá đất trên địa bàn thành phố Cần Thơ trên cơ sở ứng dụng mô hình phân tích nhân tố khám phá (Exploratory Factor Analysis – EFA) và mô hình hồi quy tuyến tính đa biến. Điều tra được thực hiện với 328 người sử dụng đất trên địa bàn thành phố Cần Thơ trong thời gian từ tháng 6 – 12/2019. Kết quả phân tích hồi quy tuyến tính đa biến cho thấy 61,0% sự biến động của giá đất bị ảnh hưởng bởi các nhóm yếu tố đưa vào mô hình nghiên cứu, còn lại 39,0% sự biến động của giá đất là do các yếu tố khác. Kết quả nghiên cứu có 6 nhóm yếu tố có ảnh hưởng tích cực đến giá đất tại thành phố Cần Thơ gồm: nhóm nhân tố tự nhiên, nhóm nhân tố khác, nhóm nhân tố kinh tế , nhóm nhân tố hạ tầng, nhóm nhân tố pháp lý, chính sách Nhà nước , nhóm nhân tố xã hội . Trong đó nhóm nhân tố tự nhiên được xác định là có ảnh hưởng lớn nhất đến giá đất với sự đóng góp 12,86%, nhóm nhân tố xã hội được xác định là ít ảnh hưởng đến giá đất nhất với sự đóng góp 6,45 %.
Ứng dụng sản phẩm ảnh chỉ số diện tích lá (MODIS LAI) và hệ thống quan trắc dữ liệu thời tiết trong mô hình ước đoán năng suất lúa
Authors: Quang Trương Chí , Lê Vũ Bằng , Minh Võ Quang 
Published: September 2021

Bài viết nhằm đánh giá khả năng ứng dụng ảnh viễn thám chỉ số diện tích lá MODIS LAI và dữ liệu thời tiết thu thập bằng IOT trong ước đoán năng suất lúa dựa trên pixel ảnh. Phương pháp nghiên cứu dựa trên nguồn ảnh MODIS LAI MCD15A2Hv006. Bản đồ diện tích lá mỗi vụ được tổng hợp từ các ảnh LAI ứng với thời điểm 30-40 ngày sau sạ cho từng đợt sạ. Giá trị LAI được chuyển đổi thành hệ số phát triển tương đối của lá (RGRL) sử dụng cho mô hình Oryza2000 v3 để ước đoán năng suất lúa. Mô hình được hiệu chỉnh dựa vào năng suất lúa vụ Hè Thu năm 2018 để làm cơ sở ước tính cho các vụ còn lại. Với các tham số được hiệu chỉnh, năng suất mô phỏng được kiểm chứng cho vụ Thu Đông 2018, Đông Xuân 2018-2019 và Hè Thu 2019 với sai số RMSE lần lượt là 0,44 tấn, 0,38 tấn và 0,31 tấn tương ứng với nRMSE là 5,61%, 4,22% và 5,40%. Kết quả đạt được cho thấy ảnh MODIS LAI giúp xây dựng bản đồ ước đoán năng suất chi tiết mức pixel nhờ vào phương pháp xử lý ảnh đơn giản, dễ triển khai ứng dụng cho các nhà quản lý trong việc phát triển sản xuất nông nghiệp.
Ekstraksi dan Uji Stabilitas Zat Warna Alami dari Biji Buah Pinang (Areca catechu L.) sebagai Bahan Pengganti Pewarna Sintetik pada Produk Minuman
Authors: Chadijah St , Ningsih Sari , Zahra Ummi , Adawiah Syarifah Rabiatul , Novianty Iin 
Published: September 2021

Natural dyes are an alternative dye that is not toxic, environmentally, friendly and easily degraded. Therefore, optimizing the use of body coloring sources is carried out. One of the natural dyes released is tannin from betel nuts. Tannins are polar pigments. This study aims to determine the results of natural dyes in betel nuts and find out the durability produced and known organoleptic results. Dyestuff extraction from betel nuts was carried out with 96% ethanol. Testing the color stability of betel nut seedlings was carried out on the effect of pH, temperature and storage time with the method UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. Then the application of betel nut dyes on beverage products was carried out. The results showed that betel fruit produced tannin dyes in brownish red color with an average tannin content of 28.002 mg/L. Dyes stabilized at pH of 6 by heating at 400C and storage for 2 days. The results of organoleptic tests showed that the extract of areca nut powder can be used as a natural dye in beverage products with a level of color, smell and flavor that emits at a concentration of 0.005 g/mL of dyes.
Keywords: Extraction, tannin, areca nuts, color stability, organoleptic