bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selected ‘Starter Kit’ energy system modelling data for Bolivia (#CCG)
Authors: Cannone Carla , Allington Lucy , Pappis Ioannis , Barron Karla Cervantes , Usher Will , Pye Steve , Howells Mark , Walker Miriam Zachau , Ahsan Aniq , Charbonnier Flora , Halloran Claire , Hirmer Stephanie , Taliotis Constantinos , Sundin Caroline , Sridha Vignesh , Ramos Eunice , Brinkerink Maarten , Deane Paul , Gritsevskyi Andrii , Moura Gustavo , Rouget Arnaud , Rogner Holger , Quirós-Tortós Jairo , Angulo-Paniagua Jam 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Energy system modelling can be used to assess the implications of different scenarios and support improved policymaking. However, access to data is often a barrier to energy system modelling, causing delays. Therefore, this article provides data that can be used to create a simple zero order energy system model for Bolivia, which can act as a starting point for further model development and scenario analysis. The data are collected entirely from publicly available and accessible sources, including the websites and databases of international organizations, journal articles, and existing modelling studies. This means that the dataset can be easily updated based on the latest available information or more detailed and accurate local data. These data were also used to calibrate a simple energy system model using the Open Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) and three stylized scenarios (Fossil Future, Least Cost and Net Zero by 2050) for 2020-2050. The assumptions used and results of these scenarios are presented in the appendix as an illustrative example of what can be done with these data. This simple model can be adapted and further developed by in-country analysts and academics, providing a platform for future work.
Analysis of Klotho Protein Level in Patients with Myocardial Infarction and Concurrent Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Different Manifestations
Authors: Kespleri E. V. , Polunina O. S. , Аkhmineeva A. Kh. , Polunina E. А. , Voronina P. N. 
Published: September 2021

The objective: to compare the level of Klotho protein in patients with myocardial infarction (M I) and concurrent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and patients with COPD only with consideration of specific manifestations of COPD (severity of symptoms and risk of exacerbations).Subjects and Methods. 144 patients were examined and divided into the following groups: MI + COPD Group - patients with MI and concurrent COPD (60 patients), COPD Group - patients with COPD (54 patients) and HI Group - somatically healthy individuals (30 people). The patients were divided into subgroups (A, B, C, D) according to the GOLD 2019 classification. Enzyme immunoassay was used to test the level of Klotho.Results. A statistically significant lower level of Klotho was detected in patients in MI + COPD Group compared to COPD Group and healthy individuals. Patients in the subgroups with severe symptoms (B and D) in both the COPD and MI + COPD Groups had statistically significantly lower levels of Klotho compared to those in the subgroups with no symptoms (A and C). Among patients with MI + COPD in subgroups A, B, C, D, the Kloto level was statistically significantly lower versus the patients of the corresponding subgroups in COPD Group. The lowest level of Klotho was detected in MI + COPD and COPD Groups in patients of subgroup D, that was in patients with severe symptoms and frequent exacerbations of COPD. The data obtained were confirmed by correlation analysis results. It was found that in MI + COPD and COPD Groups, the level of Klotho had a negative correlation with both the severity of symptoms and number of COPD exacerbations. Correlations were the strongest between the level of Klotho and parameters characterizing the severity of COPD symptoms.
Bacterial Proteomics and its Application in Pathogenesis Studies
Authors: Kafil Hossein Samadi , Ozma Mahdi Asghari , Khodadadi Ehsaneh , Rezaee Mohammad Ahangarzadeh , Asgharzadeh Mohammad , Aghazadeh Mohammad , Zeinalzadeh Elham , Ganbarov Khudaverdi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract:
Bacteria build their structures by implementing several macromolecules such as pro-teins, polysaccharides, phospholipids, and nucleic acids, which preserve their lives and play an essential role in their pathogenesis. There are two genomic and proteomic methods to study var-ious macromolecules of bacteria, which are complementary methods and provide comprehensive information. Proteomic approaches are used to identify proteins and their cell applications. Fur-thermore, macromolecules are utilized to study bacteria's structures and functions. These protein-based methods provide comprehensive information about the cells, such as the external structures, internal compositions, post-translational modifications, and mechanisms of particular actions, in-cluding biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance, and adaptation to the environment, promoting bacterial pathogenesis. These methods use various devices such as MALDI-TOF MS, LC-MS, and two-dimensional electrophoresis, which are valuable tools for studying different structural and functional proteins of the bacteria and their mechanisms of pathogenesis, causing rapid, easy, and accurate diagnosis of the infections.
Investigation of the Relationship among Cortisol, Pro-inflammatory
Cytokines, and the Degradation of Tryptophan into Kynurenine in
Patients with Major Depression and Suicidal Behavior
Authors: Messaoud Amel , Rym Mensi , Wahiba Douki , Neffati Fadoua , Najjar Mohamed Fadhel , Gobbi Gabriella , Manchia Mirko , Valtorta Flavia , Lotfi Gaha , Comai Stefano 
Published: September 2021

Background:
The increased degradation of tryptophan (Trp) along the kynurenine (Kyn)
pathway due to inflammation and/or activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis
has been reported among the biological factors involved in the pathophysiology of major depressive
disorder (MDD) and suicide. However, the interaction among these multiple factors is not yet completely
clarified.

Method:
We studied plasma levels of Trp, Kyn, cortisol and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-
6, IL-12, IL-20) and calculated the ratio Kyn/Trp as an index of the breakdown of Trp into Kyn in
31 suicidal MDD patients and 67 non-suicidal MDD patients.

Result:
We confirmed that suicidal MDD patients have reduced plasma Trp, higher Kyn and
Kyn/Trp ratio, and no difference in cortisol levels than non-suicidal MDD patients. IL-1 and IL-12
levels were significantly higher in suicidal MDD than in non-suicidal MDD (p=0.034 and p=0.023,
respectively), whereas Il-6 and IL-20 levels were equal in the two groups. The Kyn/Trp ratio was
positively correlated with a pro-inflammatory cytokines index (r=0.309, p=0.002) and cortisol
(r=0.368, p=0.001). Notably, the variance in the Kyn/Trp ratio explained by the model including
both cortisol and inflammatory parameters as dependent variables, substantially improved compared
with the models in which the two parameters were considered separately.

Conclusion:
These findings show that both cortisol and proinflammatory cytokines are involved in
the enhanced breakdown of Trp into Kyn occurring in suicidal MDD patients, thus adding new
knowledge on the biological mechanisms leading to the activation of the Kyn pathway in MDD and
suicide.
Comparing Nucleated Red Blood Cells in Neonates with and without Retinopathy
Authors: Boskabadi Hassan , Pourbadakhshan Nafiseh , Pishghadam Esmaeil , Zakerihamidi Maryam 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the reasons of blindness in children. Numerous predisposing factors have been reported, including prematurity and oxygen therapy. We assessed the number of nucleated red blood cells in neonates with ROP and compared it with the patients that didn t suffer from the situation.

Methodology:
This case-control study was performed on 151 neonates with birth weight<1500 gr and/or gestational age< 32 weeks that were born in Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad from 2017 to 2020. A Cell Blood Count (CBC) sample and peripheral blood smear was taken. The Number of nucleated red blood cells or NRBC per 100 white blood cells was reported. Complete characteristics of neonates (birth weight, sex, gestational age, Apgar Score), mother's history (age, pregnancy and labor problems, kind of delivery, and pariety), and lab results were collected and recorded in the checklist. The assessment of the patients were continued until they were discharged and then they got visited by an ophthalmologist at the age of 32 weeks or four weeks after birth in terms of ROP and followed up. Control group included premature neonates without ROP.

Results:
Among of 151 neonates studied, 47 cases (24.9%) were normal and 104 ones (75.1%) had retinopathy of prematurity. Differences of measured factors in two groups of neonates with and without ROP were as followed: NRBC/100 (P = 0.009), absolute NRBC (P = 0.465), Apgar score of first (P = 0.131) and fifth (P = 0.002) minutes.

Conclusion:
Increasing umbilical cord NRBC/100 of neonates along with other available methods can be useful as a predictor factor of ROP and it can also predict the ROP intensity.
The Role of Coronary Physiology in Contemporary Percutaneous Coronary
Interventions
Authors: Marin Federico , Scarsini Roberto , Terentes-Printzios Dimitrios , Kotronias Rafail A. , Ribichini Flavio , Banning Adrian P. , De Maria Giovanni Luigi 
Published: September 2021

:
Invasive assessment of coronary physiology has radically changed the paradigm of myocardial
revascularization in patients with coronary artery disease. Despite the prognostic improvement
associated with ischemia-driven revascularization strategy, functional assessment of angiographic
intermediate epicardial stenosis remains largely underused in clinical practice. Multiple
tools have been developed or are under development in order to reduce the invasiveness, cost, and
extra procedural time associated with the invasive assessment of coronary physiology. Besides epicardial
stenosis, a growing body of evidence highlights the role of coronary microcirculation in regulating
coronary flow with consequent pathophysiological and clinical and prognostic implications.
Adequate assessment of coronary microcirculation function and integrity has then become another
component of the decision-making algorithm for optimal diagnosis and treatment of coronary syndromes.
This review aims at providing a comprehensive description of tools and techniques currently available
in the catheterization laboratory to obtain a thorough and complete functional assessment of
the entire coronary tree (both for the epicardial and microvascular compartments).
Advanced Deep Learning Algorithms for Infectious Disease Modeling
Using Clinical Data: A Case Study on COVID-19
Authors: Shankar Achyut , Kumar Ajay , Kolnure Smita Nivrutti , Abhishek Kumar , Al-Turjman Fadi , Nerurkar Pranav , Ghalib Muhammad Rukunuddin 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the most important
objectives of many countries.Intently observing the growth dynamics of the cases is one way
to accomplish the solution for the pandemic.

Introduction:
Infectious diseases are caused by a micro-organism/virus from another person or an
animal. It causes difficulty at both the individual and collective levels. The ongoing episode of
COVID-19 ailment, brought about by the new coronavirus first detected in Wuhan, China, and its
quick spread far and wide revived the consideration of the world towards the impact of such
plagues on an individual’s everyday existence. We suggested that a basic structure be developed to
work with the progressive examination of the development rate (cases/day) and development speed
(cases/day2) of COVID-19 cases.

Methods:
We attempt to exploit the effectiveness of advanced deep learning algorithms to predict
the growth of infectious diseases based on time series data and classification based on symptoms
text data and X-ray image data. The goal is to identify the nature of the phenomenon represented
by the sequence of observations and forecasting.

Results:
We concluded that our good habits and healthy lifestyle prevent the risk of COVID-19.
We observed that by simply using masks in our daily lives, we could flatten the curve of increasing
cases.Limiting human mobility resulted in a significant decrease in the development speed within a
few days, a deceleration within two weeks, and a close to fixed development within six weeks.

Conclusion:
These outcomes authenticate that mass social isolation is a profoundly viable measure
against the spread of SARS-CoV-2, as recently recommended. Aside from the research of country-
by-country predominance, the proposed structure is useful for city, state, district, and discretionary
region information, serving as a resource for screening COVID-19 cases in the area.
Strategi Belajar Sq3r (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review) dalam Upaya Peningkatan Pemahaman Bacaan Siswa
Authors: Sobri Sobri 
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan ingin mengetahui efektivitas metode SQ3R (Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review) dalam meningkatkan pemahaman bacaan bahasa Indonesia siswa. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik observasi dan studi pustaka dari berbagai sumber yang ada relevansi dengan upaya peningkatan pemahaman bacaan siswa. Adapun hasilnya dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode SQ3R dapat meningkatkan pemahaman bacaan siswa. Hal ini terbukti siswa menjadi pembaca yang aktif dan terarah sehingga mereka dapat memahami isi bacaan yang tersirat dan yang tersurat secara efektif, adanya peningkatan kemampuan berkomunikasi siswa, dan perbedaan hasil belajar nilai rata-rata membaca bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas X SMA Mathla’ul Anwar Menes. Dengan demikian, metode SQ3R sangat tepat digunakan dalam pembelajaran membaca untuk meningkatkan pemahaman bacaan secara optimal. Namun demikian, mengingat adanya beberapa keterbatasan pada penelitian ini maka perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan dengan menggunakan data yang lebih besar dengan persentase observasi yang lebih tinggi untuk menjamin akurasi data.
Comparison of the effect of oral diphenhydramine and midazolam on sedation of children
Authors: Naeimi Bafghi Neda , NaeimiBafghi Naeimeh , Salajegheh Shirin 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of diphenhydramine and midazolam on sedation of children.
Methods: This clinical trial was performed on children aged 1 to 7 years who referred to the emergency department for diagnostic radiology. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of midazolam and diphenhydramine. Then, 30 minutes before the start of the procedure, 0.5 mg /kg was given to the midazolam group and 0.5 cc /kg to the diphenhydramine group. If sedation occurred, the child was separated from the parents and transferred to a diagnostic procedure. After performing the intended diagnostic procedure, the information sheet was completed and the patient's vital signs were checked again. The data were then analyzed by SPSS version 19 software.
Results: A total of 74 patients were included in the study. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age and gender (P = 0.89; P = 0.32). The mean sedation in the midazolam and diphenhydramine groups was 1.02 and 1.59 years, respectively. A significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of sedation (P = 0.04), where a greater effect of diphenhydramine on sedation was observed.
Conclusion: The findings showed that the use of diphenhydramine resulted in effective sedation for children. Due to the fact that the main problem with midazolam is its bitter taste, which makes children reluctant to eat it, the use of diphenhydramine can be recommended
The effect of Bispectral index monitoring during induction of anesthesia on the amount of propofol consumtion in patients candidates for surgery
Authors: Boroojeny Shahram Borjian , Hojjat Seyedeh Maryam 
Published: September 2021

Objectives: This study investigated the effect of Bispectral index (BIS) during induction of anesthesia on the amount of propofol consumed in patient candidates for surgery.
Methods: This double-blind clinical trial study was performed on patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia in a hospital. Patients were divided into case and control groups. After being transferred to the operating room, patients were monitored including ECG 3 or 5 leads, non-invasive barometer, and pulse oximetry. Mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and after induction, immediately, and 5 minutes after intubation. The dose of propofol was then measured. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software version 20.
Results: In the present study, no significant difference was found between the mean age and gender (P> 0.05). The amount of propofol consumed in the case group was significantly lower than the control group (P = 0.039) and the amount of propofol consumed in men and women was not statistically significant (P <0.05). Mean arterial blood pressure before induction was not statistically significant between the two groups (P = 0.83). However, a statistically significant difference was found in the mean arterial blood pressure of the patients during the 4-time points (P = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in heart rate between patients before induction (P = 0.48). Statistical analysis of data by ANOVA test did not show a significant interaction between time and group (P = 0.418 and P = 0.74). However, a statistically significant difference was found in patients' heart rate during the 4-time points (F = 7.59 and P = 0.001). Moreover, a significant increase was observed in heart rate after intubation in both groups (P = 0.001).
Conclusion: The use of BIS can be effective in reducing the amount of propofol consumed and its side effects. The condition of patients under general anesthesia can be improved by BIS, resulting in the improvement of their subsequent condition.
ADAPTAÇÕES DO MÚSCULO ESQUELÉTICO AO ENVELHECIMENTO E AO TREINAMENTO: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA SOBRE A SARCOPENIA E A DINAPENIA
Authors: Costa Rochelle Rocha , Reichert Thais , Kruel Luiz Fernando Martins 
Published: September 2021

O crescimento da população idosa ressalta a importância da investigação sobre os efeitos do envelhecimento no sistema musculoesquelético. O objetivo desse estudo foi discutir sobre a terminologia da sarcopenia e da dinapenia, bem como revisar as adaptações do músculo esquelético ao envelhecimento e ao treinamento de força. A busca eletrônica foi conduzida nas bases de dados MEDLINE e Scopus em março de 2016 utilizando-se os termos aging, skeletal muscle, strength e dynapenia. O declínio da capacidade de produção de força muscular em decorrência do envelhecimento recebeu a denominação científico-clínica de Dinapenia. Apesar disto, ainda existe uma gama de pesquisadores que utiliza esta definição como parte do construto de Sarcopenia. Fatores neurais e fatores musculares constituem os mecanismos que contribuem para a instalação da dinapenia. Os fatores neurais englobam alterações no recrutamento e na sincronização de unidades motoras, a queda taxa de disparo e na velocidade de condução nervosa, a denervação das fibras musculares tipo II (rápidas) por morte neuronal e reinervação das fibras tipo I (lentas). Os fatores musculares são constituídos por alterações na arquitetura muscular, mudanças de tipo de fibra, disfunções no processo de acoplamento excitação-contração, alterações estruturais na miosina e infiltrações de lipídios intra e intermusculares. A dinapenia é diagnosticada baseada em uma avaliação dos fatores de risco, do teste de força de extensão de joelhos ou preensão manual. A partir do entendimento dos diversos mecanismos que contribuem para a instalação da dinapenia, pesquisadores das ciências da saúde podem ter embasamento para uma melhor prescrição de tratamentos preventivos ou mesmo de reabilitação da dinapenia.
SARCOPENIA E ESTADO NUTRICIONAL DE IDOSOS RESIDENTES EM UMA COMUNIDADE NO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: De Oliveira Nathalia Cardoso , Miraglia Fernanda , Tadini Fernanda Simas Moretto , Filippin Lidiane Isabel 
Published: September 2021

Introdução: Atualmente, a sarcopenia tem sido considerada como importante fator de risco para a redução da mobilidade, aumento no número de quedas e fraturas; e, é comumente associada com um alto risco de hospitalização, institucionalização, dependência, piora da qualidade de vida e mortalidade. Objetivo: verificar a prevalência de sarcopenia e o estado nutricional em idosos de um município do Sul do Brasil. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo transversal de base populacional, realizado com idosos do Sul do Brasil. A sarcopenia foi determinada de acordo com o critério European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2). O estado nutricional foi avaliado pelo Questionário Mini Avaliação Nutricional (MAN). Aspectos socioeconômicos, demográficos e de desempenho físico foram descritos. Resultados: o estudo contou com uma amostra de 327 idosos; destes, 52,6% apresentaram provável sarcopenia, 23,7% obtiveram confirmação do diagnóstico de sarcopenia e 20,7% apresentavam sarcopenia severa de acordo com os critérios de EWGSOP2. Na avaliação do estado nutricional pela MAN, todos os idosos foram considerados com estado nutricional normais, porém 34,3% dos prováveis sarcopênicos apresentavam excesso de peso, enquanto 17,6% idosos apresentaram risco de desnutrição e 2% desnutridos. Conclusão: os dados apontam uma alta prevalência de idosos com provável sarcopenia (baixa força muscular) e excesso de peso (aumento da circunferência da cintura e índice de massa corporal), sugerindo um desequilíbrio energético nutricional desses idosos.
Anesthetic Consideration in Case of Large Lymphangioma in Right Atrioventricular Groove: A Case Report
Authors: Yoon Min-Woo , Im Hyun-Jae , Park Jihyoung 
Published: September 2021

Background
Cardiac tumor is a rare disease but it causes various hemodynamic changes depending on location and size. Compression of the right sided heart can lead to impaired venous return and consequent systemic and coronary vascular collapse.
Case
A 62-year-old male who had cardiac lymphangioma on right atrio-ventricular groove. Upon entering the operating room, he was admitted to the tamponade physiology with tachycardia and hypotension. Opioid based anesthesia was performed to minimize myocardial depression, and myocardial function was continuously monitored through Transesophageal echocardiography and pulmonary artery catheter to safely wean the cardio pulmonary bypass (CPB) machine.
Conclusion
Anesthesiologists should be able to predict and respond appropriately to physiological hemodynamic changes according to the location and size of cardiac tumor.