bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Needs Analysis for The Development of Biology E-Modules Based on Project-Oriented Problem-Based Learning (POPBL) to Improve Students' Critical Thinking, Creativity, and Collaboration Skillss
Authors: Usman Nurul Fajryani , Mustaqimah Nur , Latjompoh Masra 
Published: December 2024

Education should not merely provide students with knowledge; rather, learning in educational institutions serves as a process for acquiring knowledge, skillss, and competencies. The researchers conducted preliminary research to identify teacher and students need in biology learning, as well as the levels of students' critical thinking skills, creative thinking skills, and collaboration skills. The instruments used in this research are: (1) questionnaire for teacher needs analysis to collect information on teachers' perspectives and challenges related to the implementation of learning , (2) questionnaire for student needs analysis to collect information about students' needs, difficulties, and expectations related to the learning process; (3) test sheets to measure students' critical and creative thinking skills; and (4) a questionnaire to gather data on students' collaboration habits during learning. The data that has been collected will then be analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The sample of the study are biology teacher and students in Fase D at SMAN 1 Kabila, Gorontalo Regency. Based on the analysis of student and teacher needs in biology learning, it can be concluded that the majority of students find the learning process difficult and monotonous. Although students exhibit good collaboration habits, 80% of them have never engaged in projects, and they desire the integration of technology into teaching materials. The results of critical and creative thinking ability tests indicate a "very low" category, highlighting the need for intervention to improve these skillss, possibly through the implementation of active learning methods such as Project Oriented Problem Based Learning (POPBL). Therefore, the development of digital teaching materials, such POPBL-based E-Module (Project Oriented Problem Based Learning), is essential to enhance students' understanding, engagement, and critical thinking skills, creative thinking skills, as well as collaborative skills at SMAN 1 Kabila, Gorontalo Regency in biology learning.
Individualized approach in the management of women with female sexual dysfunction, external genital endometriosis and hyperhomocysteinemia
Authors: Semenyuk L. M. , Kozachuk Y. S. , Kryzhanovska O. I. 
Published: December 2024

The problem of treatment of endometriosis in women of reproductive age remains an urgent task for obstetricians and gynecologists, as it has a direct impact on women’s ability to conceive. Overcoming the demographic crisis in Ukraine requires doctors to find new methods and techniques in a personalized approach to the treatment of women with endometriosis. The presence of comorbid pathology in endometriosis, in particular hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC) and female sexual dysfunction (FSD), necessitates individualization of the management of such patients.
Objective — to determine the effect of surgical treatment of women with external‑intraoral endometriosis and female sexual dysfunction and hyperhomocysteinemia on the characteristics of their hormonal homeostasis and indicators of FSD.
Materials and methods. The study included 19 patients with external‑intrinsic endometriosis and female sexual dysfunction and hyperhomocysteinemia with homozygous form of MTRF gene polymorphism. Surgical intervention in the form of laparoscopic cystectomy was performed in 12 patients (group I). 7 patients refused to undergo surgery (group II). Surgical intervention was performed 6 months after the start of treatment. The hormonal status and parameters of the FSD were studied according to the results of a questionnaire at the time of treatment, 6 months after the start of conservative therapy, and 3 months after surgery.
Results. At 3 months after surgery, the values of vitamin D, FSH, LH, estradiol, progesterone, free T, DHEA‑S and 17‑OH were statistically significantly higher in women of group I compared with patients who did not undergo surgery — II (p<0.05), and the levels of homocysteine, TSH, prolactin were lower (p<0.05). In patients of group I, a statistically significant increase in questionnaire scores was noted after surgery compared with patients who did not undergo surgery at a significance level of p<0.001. Against the background of the total duration of treatment (6 months of conservative therapy + 3 months of combined treatment — conservative therapy + surgery) in patients of group I with a homozygous mutation, it was possible to achieve normalization of the FSD in all 12 (100.0%) patients. In patients who did not undergo surgery, no normalization of FSD was observed.
Conclusions. The treatment of women with FSD and external genital endometriosis should be individualized, taking into account the entire clinical problem, including the impact of the disease and the impact of its treatment on the quality of life. Pregravidar preparation of women with LBP and BPH and hypoandrogenism in homozygous carriage of MTRF polymorphism genes should include surgical removal of ovarian endometrioma to improve LBP and hormonal background for pregnancy.
Distance learning in the training of doctors as an innovative organization of the educational process in endocrinology
Authors: Vasyuk V. L. , Nikitiuk L. A. , Yuzvenko V. S. , Mikulets L. V. , Maslianko V. A. 
Published: December 2024

The postgraduate education system is actively implementing distance learning technologies on topical issues of internal medicine, in particular endocrine disorders and metabolic diseases. The use of information technologies allows organizing the educational process through lectures, seminars, and discussions. Independent study of tests in the learning mode is provided with further assessment of knowledge through online testing. Collected data are used for a comprehensive assessment of learning outcomes in cycles of thematic improvement. In addition, students are given the opportunity to work on the material on the web portal of the relevant department during classes. Creating a multimedia presentation using the capabilities of modern software and the Internet is important in the training of a doctor. Independent work allows for a more differentiated assimilation of educational material by specialty. Presentation lectures and a list of questions for pre‑certification training are posted on the website of the relevant department. The use of information technologies in the training of doctors at the postgraduate education stage allows achieving a high qualification level of medical personnel. However, every year thousands of young doctors who have the necessary knowledge in the field of modern information technologies enter the practical healthcare of Ukraine. Also among the problems are the problems of implementing modern methods of distance learning, constant contact with the teacher and a mandatory condition for participants — the availability of computer software and access to the Internet. The growth of the volume of medical knowledge and the need to ensure a high level of qualification of medical personnel determine the expediency of using modern information technologies in the educational process. This allows to improve the quality of education and make the process of acquiring knowledge systematic and highly effective.
Polarization biomedical optics methods in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Rohovyi Y. , Bilookyi O. , Ushenko O. , Bilookyi V. 
Published: December 2024

Clinical diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) usually occurs at the stage of tumor progression, accompanied by intensive processes of growth, invasion, formation of blood vessels to provide blood supply to the tumor, the structure and quantitative changes of which can be more informatively accurately assessed by polarization biomedical optics.
Objective — to substantiate the possibility of using polarization biomedical optics methods in the diagnosis of PTC based on the principles of integrative and integrated pathophysiology.
Materials and methods. Two groups of patients were studied: the control group — healthy donors (51 patients), the experimental group — patients with PTC (51 patients), who underwent a thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy for diagnostic purposes using the fundamental idea of polarization biomedical optics with two analytical approaches — statistical and topographic (multifractal). Instrumental laser methods were used: polarization, interference, digital holographic. The statistical parameters of polarization azimuth maps, polarization azimuth of phase and multifractal spectra of digital microscopic images of native histological sections of thyroid biopsy of patients with papillary cancer were quantitatively evaluated with the determination of: Average, Dispersion, Asymmetry and Excess. The significance of differences compared to the control, taken as 100%, was evaluated using the Student’s parametric test (p<0.05).
Results. A significant increase in the asymmetry and excess of the polarization azimuth, a significant inhibition of the average polarization azimuth of phase digital microscopic images of native histological sections of thyroid biopsy of patients with PTC, a significant increase in the asymmetry and excess s of phase digital microscopic images of native histological sections of thyroid biopsy were revealed. A significant increase in dispersion and a probable decrease in the asymmetry and excess of multifractal spectra of polarization azimuth maps of digital microscopic images of native histological sections of thyroid biopsy of patients with PTC were shown.
Conclusions. Significant inhibition of the average azimuth of polarization of phase digital microscopic images of native histological sections of thyroid biopsy of patients with papillary cancer and significant decrease in the asymmetry and excess of multifractal spectra of polarization azimuth maps of digital microscopic images of native histological sections of thyroid biopsy of patients with papillary cancer are caused by papillary proliferation of transformed thyrocytes, as an amorphous component, in patients with papillary cancer as a result of activation of tumor progression with intensive processes of growth, invasion, and formation of blood vessels to provide blood supply to the tumor.
Factors affecting the adoption of livestock insurance among dairy farmers in Dang district, Nepal
Authors: Timsina Tirth Kumar , Tiwari Ujjal 
Published: December 2024

The dairy sector plays an important role in food and nutrition security of rural households. Dairy business is exposed to high risks. The insurance scheme provides to avert the unanticipated economic loss of dairy farms. This study was conducted to analyze the various factors affecting livestock insurance adoption among dairy farmers in Dang district, Nepal. Required information was obtained through farm household surveys, focus group discussions (FGDs), and key informant interviews (KIIs). The effect of twelve predictor variables on the adoption of livestock insurance was assessed using logit regression model. This study was conducted in three local levels of Dang district in September 2020. Ninety dairy animal insurers were surveyed as a household through a stratified random sampling method. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed for the household interview, six key informant surveys, and three focus group discussions. The collected data were analyzed through logit regression model using Stata software. The regression results revealed that the probability of insurance adoption significantly increases with technical support (p=0.001), loan taken (p=0.049), breed type (p=0.0001), experience in livestock (p=0.001) and membership in the organization (p=0.011). The education status of farmers, own grazing land, access to media were found influencing factor for adoption of the livestock insurance.
Diversity study and development of bee floral calendar for Kavrepalanchowk district, Nepal
Authors: Neupane Bishnu Prasad , Chiluwal Kashinath , Shrestha Jiban 
Published: December 2024

A purposive survey was carried out at Mandandeupur, Jyamdi, and Novobudda of Kavrepalanchowk for two consecutive years (January 2022-December 2023) to identify diversity of bee floral resources and to establish the floral calendar of honey bees in the district. A total of 153 plant species of 50 families were identified as floral resources in the district. Recorded flora was categorized into five groups; trees, shrubs, herbs and climbers. The highest category of bee flora grouped into tree (72 flora) followed by herbs (41), shrubs (30) and climbers (10 flora), respectively. The highest (104 plants) and the lowest (11 plants) number of flowering plants were observed during April and December, respectively. A sufficient number of flowering plants was noticed in March (93 plants), May (68 plants) and February (53 plants) of the spring season as well as during September (49 plants), October (44 plants) and November (41 plants) of the autumn season. From the total available flowering plants in the Kavrepalanchowk district, 90.84% of plants were sources of both nectar and pollen, while only 5.88% as pollen and the remaining 3.26% as sources of nectar only. To ensure sustainability, it is crucial to maintain the existing bee flora and so the floral calendar is important for effective honey production.
Efficacy of Insecticides against Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) in Maize Field in Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Bhandari Ghana Shyam , Bhandari Priyanka , Sah Lalit 
Published: December 2024

A field experiments were conducted to determine the comparative efficacy of different chemical insecticides against the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), in maize under natural field conditions during winter seasons of 2020 and 2021. The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications and seven treatments, namely: chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC @ 0.4 ml/liter of water; azadirachtin 1500 ppm @ 5 ml/liter of water; spinosad 45% SC @ 0.3 ml/liter of water; spinetoram 11.7% SC @ 0.4 ml/liter of water; novaluron 10% EC @ 2 ml/liter of water; emamectin benzoate 5% SG @ 0.4 g/liter of water; and an untreated control at National Maize Research Program (NMRP), Chitwan, Nepal. The efficacy study revealed that all the treatments significantly reduced plant damage and increased grain yield compared to the untreated control (p < 0.05). Spinosad proved to be the most effective, with a minimum infestation rate of 9.3% followed by chlorantraniliprole (12.4%) and spinetoram (16.5%), compared to the untreated control (79.6%). Spinosad treated plot also yielded the highest grain 4885 kg/ha, followed by spinetoram (4647 kg/ha), chlorantraniliprole (4470 kg/ha) and emamectin benzoate (4335 kg/ha) as compared to the untreated control (1758 kg/ha) in the combined analysis. Although azadirachtin 1500 ppm was the least effective among the treatments, it was still significantly superior to the untreated control. Furthermore, plant height, ear height, cob length, cob diameter, thousand grain weight and grain yield of maize were negatively correlated with foliar damage done by fall armyworm.
Morphological and Propagation Studies in some Chiuri types of Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Sudhir , Chikanbanjar Roshan , Bhandari Nirajan , Pun Umed Kumar 
Published: December 2024

Diploknema butyracea (Chiuri) is a multi-use, under-utilized but economically and environmentally important native fruit tree species of Nepal. Earlier, four types of Chiuri were reported in Makwanpur district but recently about eight types has been reported from across the country. The main objective of the research was to study the morphology and propagation of six different types of Chiuri in Nepal. Leaves of six types of one year old grafted Chiuri was assessed, and vegetative propagation was tested in three types of Chiuri with side grafting and cleft grafting and during February, May, July, August and September 2021. Morphology of leaves showed differences in the pattern of leaves suggesting difference among them. Cleft grafting (47.7%) was found more effective than side grafting (41.7%) and early/mid-types were more responsive to grafting in contrast to late type. The best time for grafting early type of Chiuri was mid-July and not effective after August and before the month of May. Days to bud brust and first leaf opening was found earlier in cleft graft than side graft. Besides, the number of leaf was also higher in cleft graft in contrast to side graft suggesting better graft union in cleft graft than side graft. This research was focused on studying the morphology of the six types of Chiuri from four districts (Makwanpur, Chitwan, Rolpa and Dhading) and develop appropriate propagation technique for three different types of Chiuri collected from three districts (Makwanpur, Chitwan and Dhading).
Analysis of Profitability in Good Agriculture Practices Based Vegetable Farming System in Mid-hill Region of Nepal
Authors: Kharel Menila , Raut Nani , Dahal Bed Mani 
Published: December 2024

Implementing Good Agriculture Practices (GAP) impacts both the economic viability and sustainability of vegetable production. Since income significantly influences farmers' decisions to adopt GAP, understanding the profitability of following GAP is crucial for facilitating the transition from non-GAP to GAP. This study aimed to assess the profitability of GAP farms compared to non-GAP farms in three districts of the Kathmandu Valley: Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur. Altogether six farms, one GAP and one non-GAP farms from each district, were selected purposively. The GAP farms selected for this study were following GAP for more than five years. Primary data on farm characteristics were collected through pre-designed interview questionnaire. Profitability analysis of the selected farms was conducted using the Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). The farm characteristics showed that GAP farms prioritized reducing chemical fertilizers and pesticides, while non-GAP farms relied heavily on chemical inputs. The BCR revealed that despite higher fixed and variable costs in GAP farms higher gross and net returns were observed in these farms. The GAP farms were more profitable and sustainable compared to non-GAP farms in all three districts. The highest BCR of 1.52 was observed in the GAP farm in Kathmandu, followed by 1.41 in the GAP farm in Lalitpur, and 1.23 in the GAP farm in Bhaktapur. In contrast, lower BCRs were found in non-GAP farms: 1.04 in Bhaktapur, 0.95 in Kathmandu, and 0.72 in Lalitpur, indicating a loss in the latter two farms.
Successful resource decentralization in the conditions of effective public and state control over the use of national resources
Authors: ПЕТРЕНКО П. С. , Osadchuk N. V. 
Published: December 2024

The reform of local self-government and decentralization of power is one of the most successful among the initiatives initiated by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. It allows for the formation of a significant, active local self-government institution, in accordance with the provisions of the European Charter of Local Self-Government. The purpose of the research is to study the prerequisites for the introduction of a specific type of fiscal state financial control (audit of efficiency) of decentralization for the effective use of national resources and the provision of democracy in the state. Methodology. The article used the following scientific methods: a systematic approach using methods of comparative analysis and synthesis, methods of the theory of making managerial decisions, generalizations and comparisons. Results. It is proved that the state financial control over the movement of funds of local selfgovernment is an important tool in modern conditions aimed at decentralization of state power in Ukraine. It is revealed that the state financial control of local budgets in the context of decentralization consists of the effective use of resources by the territorial bodies of executive power and local selfgovernment, as well as assessing the ability of the region to identify additional sources of formation and use of resources of local budgets. State financial control, through the introduction of an audit of the efficiency of use of resources of the local budget, makes it possible to make management decisions that contribute to the effectiveness of the activities of local governments. Practical meaning. State financial control is a problematic issue that requires immediate study and practical implementation. The process of formation and development of state internal and external financial control in the united territorial communities is particularly relevant. During 1994-2014, the Presidents of Ukraine created exclusively centralized management of national resources. The results of the analysis show that the functions of the Constitution of Ukraine and obligations to the European Charter of Local Self-Government are not fulfilled. State problems were not solved, but accumulated. Control and verification of the correctness of management activities will continue to play an important role in the conditions of the new public administration model, since the administration operating in these conditions, which focuses its activities on achieving economic efficiency, requires regular monitoring of the recognition of the effectiveness of decisions and the legality of their actions. Prospects for further research by the author concern the development of mechanisms for differentiating competences between all levels of government, along with the regulation of the functional powers of public authorities and local government, including regional and district councils, with the aim of preventing their duplication.
Lecciones aprendidas de tres universidades latinoamericanas sobre la enseñanza remota durante la pandemia COVID-19: Un análisis de las experiencias de enseñanza-aprendizaje durante y después del confinamiento
Authors: Cantor Hernández Helmman , Osorio Gómez Luz Adriana , Jouannet Valderrama Chantal , Ballin Bernal Olga Rosi , Mariño Von Hildebrand Julián , Cofré Valenzuela Raúl , Álvarez Castillo Myrna Lilian , Jara Sandoval Francisca , Neisa Valero Mayra , Aragón Salazar Elsa María , Llantén Muñoz Eduardo , Fernández Huss Violeta 
Published: December 2024

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, educational institutions worldwide suspended in-person classes and pivoted to remote teaching to maintain academic continuity. This study analyze how three prominent Latin American universities −Universidad de Los Andes (Colombia), Pontificia Universidad Católica (Chile) and Tecnológico de Monterrey (Mexico)− adapted to this unprecedented shift. The research underscores the importance of assessing the impact on learning, understanding the new educational realities and leveraging the lessons and best practices developed during this period. Collaboration among institutions and colleagues enabled a comprehensive understanding of the challenges faced by higher education. The study employed a mixed method approach, collecting data from the faculties and students via surveys, institutional questionnaires, and focus groups. Key findings reveal significant adaptations in learning environments, changes in teaching methodologies, and challenges in assessing learning outcomes. As in-person teaching resumed, concerns emerged about achieving learning objectives during the remote phase and addressing new difficulties in the teaching-learning process. Additionally, the study highlights the need to rethink educational modalities and adapt to evolving learning and demands. Likewise, the importance of safeguarding the well-being of both students and educators to foster effective learning is also highlighted.