bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fela Anikulapo-Kuti
Authors: Ilesanmi Alaba 
Published: March 2021

An astute dissident activist, political force, and iconoclast, Fela Anikulapo-Kuti (b. 1938–d. 1997), popularly called Fela, was a legendary and innovative composer, arranger, bandleader, Pan-Africanist, and the father of the genre known as Afrobeat. He used his music as a weapon against injustice and for derision and ridicule of politicians and politics. He was born Olúfelá Olúségun Olúdòtun Ransome-Kuti, on 15 October 1938, in Abeokuta, the present-day capital of Ogun State in Nigeria (then a British colony), into an upper-middle-class family. He later replaced Ransome-Kuti with Anikulapo-Kuti, Aníkúlápó meaning “the one who holds death in their pouch.” His father, Reverend Israel Oludotun Ransome-Kuti, was an Anglican clergyman and school principal, and his mother, Chief Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti (FRK) was a nationalist feminist. She was Fela’s primary ideological influence. Fela’s musical seeds were sown by his father, who was an accomplished composer. Fela furthered his artistic exploration with the Cool Cats, Victor Olaiya’s highlife band. He later studied music at the Trinity College of Music, London, in 1958, where his primary instrument was the trumpet. He formed a highlife and jazz fusion band, Highlife Rakers (later Koola Lobitos). Upon completing his studies, he moved to Nigeria in 1963, then a recently independent country, to work as a radio producer for the Nigerian Broadcasting Corporation. Fela embarked on new musical explorations and experiments with Koola Lobitos and later named his music Afrobeat. In 1969, Fela traveled to the United States with his band, where they spent ten months in Los Angeles, and Fela was exposed to the works and philosophy of black leaders like Malcolm X. During this time, his mother’s influence blossomed, and his Pan-African ideology began to manifest. Upon returning to Nigeria, his emerging political consciousness drew inspiration from racial discrimination in the United States and colonial oppression in Africa. His lyrical themes shifted to addressing social issues. Name changes further marked his promising Pan-African consciousness. He rechristened his band Fela Ransome-Kuti and Nigeria 70, and later to Fela Ransome-Kuti and Afrika ’70, and Egypt ’80. Fela grew into a full-blown dissident and antagonist, confronting and lambasting the Nigerian military government and politicians. With over two hundred court appearances, he lived on the edge and suffered numerous incarcerations and physical assaults. His Pan-African messages were aimed at liberating Africans from colonial shackles. His music became a voice for the unheard and disenfranchised, and the defender of African society.
Distinct Functions of Ethylene and ACC in the Basal Land PlantMarchantia polymorpha
Authors: Katayose Asuka , Kanda Asaka , Kubo Yasutaka , Takahashi Taku , Motose Hiroyasu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractEthylene is a gaseous phytohormone involved in various physiological processes, including fruit ripening, senescence, root hair development and stress responses. Recent genomics studies have suggested that most homologous genes of ethylene biosynthesis and signaling are conserved from algae to angiosperms, whereas the function and biosynthesis of ethylene remain unknown in basal plants. Here, we examined the physiological effects of ethylene, an ethylene precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) and an inhibitor of ethylene perception, silver thiosulfate (STS), in a basal land plant, Marchantia polymorpha. M. polymorpha plants biosynthesized ethylene, and treatment with high concentrations of ACC slightly promoted ethylene production. ACC remarkably suppressed the growth of thalli (vegetative organs) and rhizoids (root-hair-like cells), whereas exogenous ethylene slightly promoted thallus growth. STS suppressed thallus growth and induced ectopic rhizoid formation on the dorsal surface of thalli. Thus, ACC and ethylene have different effects on the vegetative growth of M. polymorpha. We generated single and double mutants of ACC synthase-like (ACSL) genes, MpACSL1 and MpACSL2. The mutants did not show obvious defects in thallus growth, ACC content and ethylene production, indicating that MpACSL genes are not essential for the vegetative growth and biosynthesis of ACC and ethylene. Gene expression analysis suggested the involvement of MpACSL1 and MpACSL2 in stress responses. Collectively, our results imply ethylene-independent function of ACC and the absence of ACC-mediated ethylene biosynthesis in M. polymorpha.
Thylakoid Protein Phosphorylation in Chloroplasts
Authors: Longoni Fiamma Paolo , Goldschmidt-Clermont Michel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Because of their abundance and extensive phosphorylation, numerous thylakoid proteins stand out amongst the phosphoproteins of plants and algae. In particular, subunits of light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) and of photosystem II (PSII) are dynamically phosphorylated and dephosphorylated in response to light conditions and metabolic demands. These phosphorylations are controlled by evolutionarily conserved thylakoid protein kinases and counteracting protein phosphatases, which have distinct but partially overlapping substrate specificities. The best characterized are the kinases STATE TRANSITION 7 (STN7/STT7) and STATE TRANSITION 8 (STN8), and the antagonistic phosphatases PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 1/THYLAKOID-ASSOCIATED PHOSPHATASE 38 (PPH1/TAP38) and PHOTOSYSTEM II CORE PHOSPHATASE (PBCP). The phosphorylation of LHCII is mainly governed by STN7 and PPH1/TAP38 in plants. LHCII phosphorylation is essential for state transitions, a regulatory feedback mechanism that controls the allocation of this antenna to either PSII or PSI, and thus maintains the redox balance of the electron transfer chain. Phosphorylation of several core subunits of PSII, regulated mainly by STN8 and PBCP, correlates with changes in thylakoid architecture, the repair cycle of PSII after photodamage as well as regulation of light harvesting and of alternative routes of photosynthetic electron transfer. Other kinases, such as the PLASTID CASEIN KINASE II (pCKII), also intervene in thylakoid protein phosphorylation and take part in the chloroplast kinase network. While some features of thylakoid phosphorylation were conserved through the evolution of photosynthetic eukaryotes, others have diverged in different lineages possibly as a result of their adaptation to varied environments.
Is Dry Needling Effective for the Management of Plantar Heel Pain or Plantar Fasciitis? An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Llurda-Almuzara Luis , Labata-Lezaun Noé , Meca-Rivera Toni , Navarro-Santana Marcos J , Cleland Joshua A , Fernández-de-las-Peñas César , Pérez-Bellmunt Albert 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objective
Dry needling is commonly used for the management of plantar fasciitis. This meta-analysis evaluated the effects of dry needling over trigger points associated with plantar heel pain on pain intensity and related disability or function.

Methods
Electronic databases were searched for randomized controlled trials in which at least one group received dry needling, not acupuncture, for trigger points associated with plantar heel pain and in which outcomes were collected on pain intensity and related disability. The risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool, methodological quality was assessed with the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) score, and the level of evidence is reported according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Between-groups mean differences (MD) and standardized mean differences (SMD) were calculated.

Results
The search identified 297 publications, with six trials eligible for inclusion. The meta-analysis found low-quality evidence that trigger point dry needling reduces pain intensity in the short term (MD −1.70 points, 95% confidence interval [CI] −2.80 to −0.60; SMD −1.28, 95% CI −2.11 to −0.44) and moderate-quality evidence that it improves pain intensity (MD −1.77 points, 95% CI −2.44 to −1.11; SMD −1.45, 95% CI −2.19 to −0.70) and related disability (SMD −1.75, 95% CI −2.22 to −1.28) in the long term, as compared with a comparison group. The risk of bias of the trials was generally low, but the heterogeneity of the results downgraded the level of evidence.

Discussion
Moderate- to low-quality evidence suggests a positive effect of trigger point dry needling for improving pain intensity and pain-related disability in the short term and long term, respectively, in patients with plantar heel pain of musculoskeletal origin. The present results should be considered with caution because of the small number of trials.
Estimated glomerular filtration rate is a marker of mortality in the European Scleroderma Trials and Research Group (EUSTAR) database
Authors: Gigante Antonietta , Hoffmann-Vold Anna-Maria , Alunni Fegatelli Danilo , Gabrielli Armando  , Leodori Giorgia , Coleiro Bernard , De Santis Maria , Dagna Lorenzo , Alegre-Sancho Juan Jose , Montecucco Carlomaurizio , Carreira Patricia E , Balbir-Gurman Alexandra  , Doria Andrea , Riemekasten Gabriela , Airò Paolo , Distler Jörg  , Distler Oliver , Rosato Edoardo ,   the EUSTAR collaborators
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Objectives
The study aim was to evaluate the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), its association with clinical disease and its predictive ability with respect to mortality in SSc patients from the European Scleroderma Trials and Research Group (EUSTAR) database.

Methods
SSc patients from the EUSTAR database who had items required for the calculation of eGFR at a baseline visit and a second follow-up visit available were included. A cut-off eGFR value of 60 ml/min was chosen for all SSc patients, and 30 ml/min for those with scleroderma renal crisis (SRC). Cox regression and competing risk analysis were performed to evaluate the use of eGFR as a predictive factor of mortality.

Results
A total of 3650 SSc patients were included in this study. The median serum level of creatinine and the mean of eGFR were 0.8 mg/dl (interquartile range = 0.6–0.9) and 86.6 ± 23.7 ml/min, respectively. The eGFR was significantly lower in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Overall survival (OS) was significantly reduced in SSc patients with eGFR &lt; 60 ml/min compared with patients with eGFR ≥ 60 ml/min [OS at 5 years 0.763 (95% CI: 0.700, 0.814) vs 0.903 (95% CI: 0.883, 0.919; P &lt; 0.001)]. In multivariable analysis, OS was associated with male gender (P &lt; 0.01), systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (sPAP) (P &lt; 0.001) and eGFR (P &lt; 0.001). The cumulative incidence of deaths due to SSc was associated with increased sPAP (P &lt; 0.001) and reduced eGFR (P &lt; 0.05). The OS at 5 years of 53 SRC patients was not significantly different between SSc patients with eGFR &gt; 30 ml/min and those with eGFR &lt;30 ml/min.

Conclusion
eGFR represents a predictive risk factor for overall survival in SSc. The eGFR, however, does not represent a risk factor for death in SRC.
Fired and Evicted: Istanbul Doorkeepers’ Strategies of Navigating Employment and Housing Precarity
Authors: Bayurgil Ladin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Considering contemporary urban contexts, where housing precarity is an eminent problem for the urban working poor, this research asks how those employed as doorkeepers navigate everyday experiences of double precarity, i.e., the risk of being simultaneously fired and evicted. Doorkeepers in Istanbul are minimum-wage workers and internal migrants. Yet, unlike other low-wage employees, they live rent-free in basement apartments in return for serving their neighbors who are also their employers. Through the earthquake risk-driven urban transformation that necessitates demolition and reconstruction of more than 2,000 multi-unit buildings in Istanbul’s upper-middle income neighborhoods, doorkeepers are replaced with informal laborers or privatized outsourced services, and hence experience simultaneous job loss and involuntary displacement. Employing an ethnographic examination of these workers and their precarity management strategies, this research suggests that studying experiences of intersecting employment and housing market precarities allows us to extend our understanding of precarity beyond the labor market. More specifically, this research suggests that precarious labor processes are integral to housing precarity and should be studied in relation to both housing and shifting urban policies.
A Novel In Silico Method for Molecular Mimicry Detection Finds a Formin with the Potential to Manipulate the Maize Cell Cytoskeleton
Authors: Armijos-Jaramillo Vinicio , Espinosa Nicole , Vizcaíno Karla , Santander-Gordón Daniela 
Published: March 2021

Molecular mimicry is one of the evolutionary strategies that parasites use to manipulate the host metabolism and perform an effective infection. This phenomenon has been observed in several animal and plant pathosystems. Despite the relevance of this mechanism in pathogenesis, little is known about it in fungus–plant interactions. For that reason, we performed an in silico method to select plausible mimicry candidates for the Ustilago maydis–maize interaction. Our methodology used a tripartite sequence comparison between the parasite, the host, and nonparasitic organisms’ genomes. Furthermore, we used RNA sequencing information to identify gene coexpression, and we determined subcellular localization to detect potential cases of colocalization in the imitator-imitated pairs. With these approximations, we found a putative extracellular formin in U. maydis with the potential to rearrange the host cell cytoskeleton. In parallel, we detected at least two maize genes involved in the cytoskeleton rearrangement differentially expressed under U. maydis infection; thus, this find increases the expectation for the potential mimicry role of the fungal protein. The use of several sources of data led us to develop a strict and replicable in silico methodology to detect molecular mimicry in pathosystems with enough information available. Furthermore, this is the first time that a genomewide search has been performed to detect molecular mimicry in a U. maydis–maize system. Additionally, to allow the reproducibility of this experiment and the use of this pipeline, we created a Web server called Molecular Mimicry Finder. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Provision of Contraceptive Implants in School-Based Health Centers: A Cost-effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Kim Chi-Son , Lunde Britt , MacIsaac Laura , Arden Martha , Garney Whitney R. , Wilson Kelly L. , Li Yan 
Published: March 2021

(Abstracted from Contraception 2021;103(2):107–112)
Among high-income countries, the United States has the highest rate of teen pregnancy. Most teen pregnancies are unintended.
Gemogenovatucel-T (Vigil) Immunotherapy as Maintenance in Frontline Stage III/IV Ovarian Cancer (VITAL): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase 2b Trial
Authors: Rocconi Rodney P. , Grosen Elizabeth A. , Ghamande Sharad A. , Chan John K. , Barve Minal A. , Oh Jonathan , Tewari Devansu , Morris Peter C. , Stevens Erin E. , Bottsford-Miller Justin N. , Tang Min , Aaron Phylicia , Stanbery Laura , Horvath Staci , Wallraven Gladice , Bognar Ernest , Manning Luisa , Nemunaitis John , Shanahan David , Slomovitz Brian M. , Herzog Thomas J. , Monk Bradley J. , Coleman Robert L. 
Published: March 2021

(Abstracted from Lancet Oncol 2020;21:1661–1672)
Standard-of-care treatment for stages III and IV newly diagnosed ovarian cancer involves primary debulking surgery followed by adjuvant paclitaxel and carboplatin or neoadjuvant chemotherapy with interval debulking surgery. Despite this protocol commonly resulting in complete remission, approximately 75% of patients will relapse within 2 years.
Hyperglycemia Recognized in Early Pregnancy Is Phenotypically Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Not Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Control Study
Authors: Agha-Jaffar Rochan , Oliver Nick S. , Kostoula Melina , Godsland Ian F. , Yu Christina , Terry Jayne , Johnston Desmond , Gable David , Robinson Stephen 
Published: March 2021

(Abstracted from J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020;33:3977–3983)
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as diabetes in pregnancy during the second or third trimester that is not overtly preexisting diabetes mellitus (DM). The time frame during gestation is based on the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (HAPO) study, which showed an association between glucose and infants born large for gestational age in women who took a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at routine testing (24–48 weeks' gestation).
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome and Preterm Infants
Authors: Armbruster Debra , Schwirian Caitlyn , Mosier Ashley , Tam Wai-Yin Mandy , Prusakov Pavel 
Published: March 2021

Background/Significance:
Intrauterine opioid drug exposure is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth. Preterm infants may not exhibit the same withdrawal symptoms as term infants diagnosed with neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). There are no current standards for how to screen, assess, or treat NAS in preterm infants.

Purpose:
This study explored the current state of practice for preterm infants born at less than 34 weeks of gestational age exposed to intrauterine opioids.

Methods:
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of NAS practice in preterm infants born at less than 34 weeks of gestational age in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in the United States and Canada. The study was conducted May through September 2018. All respondents cared for preterm infants born at less than 34 weeks of gestational age exposed to intrauterine drugs.

Results:
There were 70 respondents representing 67 hospitals in the United States and 1 in Canada. Level III NICUs represented 69% of respondents. Ninety-three percent reported neonatal triggers for further evaluation. Review of maternal history and maternal urine testing was the most consistent practice across NICUs. A modified Finnegan scoring tool was used for both preterm and term infants. Morphine was reported as the most common first-line drug used for treatment.

Implications for Practice:
Great variability in NAS practice for preterm infants born at less than 34 weeks of gestational age across the multiple NICUs supports the need for a validated preterm infant assessment tool and development of appropriate treatment strategies.

Implications for Research:
Future research describing the NAS symptomatology of preterm infants born at less than 34 weeks of gestational age exposed to intrauterine opioids is warranted.
Supportive care for new cancer therapies
Authors: Rapoport Bernardo L. , Cooksley Tim , Johnson Douglas B. , Anderson Ronald 
Published: March 2021

Purpose of review
The past decade has witnessed unprecedented delivery to the clinical arena of a range of novel, innovative, and effective targeted anticancer therapies. These include immunotherapies, most prominently immune checkpoint inhibitors, as well as agents that target growth factors and cancer-related mutations. Many of these new cancer therapies are, however, associated with an array of toxicities, necessitating insight and vigilance on the part of attending physicians to achieve high-quality supportive care alongside toxicity management. In this review, we consider some of the key supportive care issues in toxicity management.

Recent findings
Although both supportive care and targeted therapies have brought significant benefits to cancer care, the management of novel cancer therapy toxicities is nevertheless often complex. This is due in large part to the fact that target organs differ widely, particularly in the case of checkpoint inhibitors, with minor dermatological disorders being most common, while others, such as pneumonitis, are more severe and potentially life threatening. Accordingly, efficient management of these immune-related adverse events requires collaboration between multiple medical specialists.

Summary
Supportive care is a key component in the management of new cancer therapy toxicities and needs to be incorporated into treatment pathways.
Emergency Contraception Administration, Toxicology Kit Use, and Postassault Reporting
Authors: Shaw Jessica , Coates Victoria 
Published: March 2021

ABSTRACT
Sexual assault nurse examiners (SANEs) are specially trained to meet the postassault medical forensic needs of sexual assault patients. However, there remains a dearth of literature comparing directly postassault service provision and action in cases treated by SANEs as compared to non-SANE medical providers. In this study, we compare rates of emergency contraception administration, toxicology kit use, reports to police at the time of examination, and mandatory child abuse reports among n = 3,969 sexual assault cases treated by SANEs and non-SANE medical providers. Compared to cases treated by non-SANE medical providers, cases treated by SANEs were significantly more likely to have emergency contraception administered, less likely to have a toxicology kit collected, less likely to have a police report filed at the time of examination, and more likely to have a mandatory child abuse report filed. Observed patterns suggest that non-SANE medical providers may find it difficult to balance the needs of the criminal justice system with those of their patients, whereas SANEs provide a tailored, comprehensive first response. We discuss the importance of consistent, accurate documentation and clearly defined protocols in the medical forensic response to sexual assault patients.
MALAT1 rs619586 A/G polymorphisms are associated with decreased risk of lung cancer
Authors: Chen Ming , Cai Deng , Gu Haiyong , Yang Jun , Fan Liming 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Genetic factors are reported to play important roles in lung carcinogenesis. To evaluate genetic susceptibility, we conducted a hospital-based case-control study on the effects of functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs on lung cancer development. A total of 917 lung cancer cases and 925 control subjects were recruited. The MALAT1 rs619586 A/G genotype frequencies between patient and control groups were significantly different (P < .001), specifically, 83.85% vs 75.88% (AA), 15.60% vs 21.79% (AG), and 0.55% vs 2.32% (GG). When the homozygous genotype MALAT1 rs619586 AA was used as the reference group, AG (AG vs AA: adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.65, 95% confidential interval [CI] 0.51–0.83, P = .001) and GG genotypes were associated with significantly decreased risk of lung cancer (GG vs AA: adjusted OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.08–0.59, P = .003). In the dominant model, MALAT1 rs619586 AG/GG variants were also associated with a significantly decreased risk of lung cancer (adjusted OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.48–0.78, P < .001). In the recessive model, when MALAT1 rs619586 AA/AG genotypes were used as the reference group, the GG homozygous genotype was also associated with significantly decreased risk for lung cancer (adjusted OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.09–0.64, P = .004). Hsa-miR-34b/c rs4938723 T > C, pri-miR-124-1 rs531564 C > G and hsa-miR-423 rs6505162 C > A SNPs were not associated with lung cancer risk. Our collective data indicated that MALAT1 rs619586 A/G SNPs significantly reduced the risk of lung cancer. Large-scale studies on different ethnic populations and tissue-specific biological characterization are required to validate the current findings.