bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary gain of oligosaccharide hydrolysis and sugar transport enhanced carbohydrate partitioning in sweet watermelon fruits
Authors: Ren Yi , Li Maoying , Guo Shaogui , Sun Honghe , Zhao Jianyu , Zhang Jie , Liu Guangmin , He Hongju , Tian Shouwei , Yu Yongtao , Gong Guoyi , Zhang Haiying , Zhang Xiaolan , Alseekh Saleh , Fernie Alisdair R , Scheller Henrik V , Xu Yong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
How raffinose (Raf) family oligosaccharides, the major translocated sugars in the vascular bundle in cucurbits, are hydrolyzed and subsequently partitioned has not been fully elucidated. By performing reciprocal grafting of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) fruits to branch stems, we observed that Raf was hydrolyzed in the fruit of cultivar watermelons but was backlogged in the fruit of wild ancestor species. Through a genome-wide association study, the alkaline alpha-galactosidase ClAGA2 was identified as the key factor controlling stachyose and Raf hydrolysis, and it was determined to be specifically expressed in the vascular bundle. Analysis of transgenic plants confirmed that ClAGA2 controls fruit Raf hydrolysis and reduces sugar content in fruits. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the ClAGA2 promoter affect the recruitment of the transcription factor ClNF-YC2 (nuclear transcription factor Y subunit C) to regulate ClAGA2 expression. Moreover, this study demonstrates that C. lanatus Sugars Will Eventually Be Exported Transporter 3 (ClSWEET3) and Tonoplast Sugar Transporter (ClTST2) participate in plasma membrane sugar transport and sugar storage in fruit cell vacuoles, respectively. Knocking out ClAGA2, ClSWEET3, and ClTST2 affected fruit sugar accumulation. Genomic signatures indicate that the selection of ClAGA2, ClSWEET3, and ClTST2 for carbohydrate partitioning led to the derivation of modern sweet watermelon from non-sweet ancestors during domestication.
A clinical comparison of an endothelin receptor antagonist and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for treating digital ulcers of systemic sclerosis
Authors: Chang Sung Hae , Jun Jae Bum , Lee Yun Jong , Kang Tae Young , Moon Ki Won , Ju Ji Hyeon , Kang Seong Wook , Choi In Ah , Park Yong-Beom , Lee Seung Geun , Lee Shin-Seok , Heo Nam Hun , Lee Eun Bong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the efficacy of an endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA) and phosphodiesterase type5 inhibitors (PDE5is) for treating SSc-related digital ulcers (DUs).

Methods
This prospective, multicentre, observational cohort study recruited patients with active SSc-related DUs from 13 medical centres in South Korea. The primary outcome was time to cardinal ulcer (CU) healing. A secondary outcome was time to new DU occurrence. Patients were followed up 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks after treatment initiation.

Results
Sixty-three patients were analysed. Their mean age was 49.9 years (s.d. 11.4) and 49 were female. Twenty-eight had limited SSc. Forty-nine patients received ERA, 11 received a PDE5i (9 sildenafil, 1 udenafil and 1 tadalafil) and 3 received other medication. The hazard ratio (HR) for time to CU healing in the ERA group vs the PDE5i group was 0.75 (95% CI 0.35, 1.64; P = 0.47) in an unadjusted model and 0.80 (95% CI 0.36, 1.78; P = 0.59) in a model adjusted for age, sex, use of calcium channel blockers (CCBs), total DU number and initial CU area. The HR for new DU development in the ERA group vs the PDE5i group was 0.39 (95% CI 0.16, 0.93; P = 0.03) in an unadjusted model and 0.32 (95% CI 0.13, 0.81; P = 0.02) in an adjusted model. No patients receiving CCBs developed new DUs at 24 weeks.

Conclusion
Time to CU healing is comparable for ERA and PDE5i. ERAs are more effective in reducing new DU occurrence than PDE5is. CCBs may be effective as a background medication.
The Role of the Rodent Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex in Simple Pavlovian Cue-Outcome Learning Depends on Training Experience
Authors: Panayi Marios C , Killcross Simon 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is a critical structure in the flexible control of value-based behaviors. OFC dysfunction is typically only detected when task or environmental contingencies change, against a backdrop of apparently intact initial acquisition and behavior. While intact acquisition following OFC lesions in simple Pavlovian cue-outcome conditioning is often predicted by models of OFC function, this predicted null effect has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we test the effects of lesions and temporary muscimol inactivation of the rodent lateral OFC on the acquisition of a simple single cue-outcome relationship. Surprisingly, pretraining lesions significantly enhanced acquisition after overtraining, whereas post-training lesions and inactivation significantly impaired acquisition. This impaired acquisition to the cue reflects a disruption of behavioral control and not learning since the cue could also act as an effective blocking stimulus in an associative blocking procedure. These findings suggest that even simple cue-outcome representations acquired in the absence of OFC function are impoverished. Therefore, while OFC function is often associated with flexible behavioral control in complex environments, it is also involved in very simple Pavlovian acquisition where complex cue-outcome relationships are irrelevant to task performance.
High School Sports During the CoVID-19 Pandemic: The Impact of Sport Participation on the Health of Adolescents
Authors: McGuine Timothy A. , Biese Kevin , Hetzel Scott J. , Schwarz Allison , Reardon Claudia L. , Bell David R. , Brooks M. Alison , Watson Andrew M. 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTContextDuring the fall of 2020, some high schools across the US allowed their students to participate in interscholastic sports while others cancelled or postponed their sport programs due to concerns regarding CoVID19 transmission. It is unknown what effect this has had on the physical and mental health of student athletes.ObjectiveIdentify the impact of playing a sport during the CoVID19 pandemic on the health of student athletes.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingSample recruited via email.Patients or Other Participants559 Wisconsin high school athletes (age=15.7+1.2 yrs., female=44%) from 44 high schools completed an online survey in October 2020. A total of 171 (31%) athletes played (PLY) a fall sport, while 388 (69%) did not play (DNP).Main Outcome Measure(s)Demographics included: sex, grade and sports played. Assessments included the General Anxiety Disorder-7 Item (GAD-7) for anxiety, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Item (PHQ-9) for depression, the Pediatric Functional Activity Brief Scale (PFABS) for physical activity, and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL) for quality of life. Univariable comparisons between the two groups were made via t-tests or chi-square tests. Means for each continuous outcome measure were compared between the groups by ANOVA models that controlled for Age, Sex, Teaching method (Virtual, Hybrid, or In-person), and the % of students eligible for free lunch.RESULTSPLY group participants were less likely to report moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety (PLY=6.6%, DNP=44.1%, p<0.001) and depression (PLY=18.2%, DNP=40.4%, p<0.001). PLY athletes reported higher (better) PFABS scores (mean: [95%CI]), (PLY=23.2[22.0,24.5], DNP=16.4[15.0,17.8], p <0.001) and higher (better) PedsQL total scores (PLY=88.4[85.9,90.9], DNP=79.6[76.8,82.4], p <0.001).CONCLUSIONSAdolescent athletes who played a sport during the CoVID19 pandemic reported fewer symptoms of anxiety and depression, as well as higher physical activity and quality of life scores compared to adolescent athletes who did not play a sport.Key pointsHigh school students who played a sport during the CoVID-19 pandemic in the fall of 2020 were less likely to report anxiety and depression symptoms than athletes who did not play a sport.High school students who played a sport during the CoVID-19 pandemic in the fall of 2020 reported higher physical activity and quality of life scores compared to high school athletes who did not play a sport.Participation in high school sports may have significant physical and mental health benefits for US adolescent athletes during the CoVID-19 pandemic.
epiLiver a novel tumor specific, high throughput and cost-effective blood test for specific detection of liver cancer (HCC)
Authors: Cheishvili David , Wong Chifat , Karim Mohammad Mahbubul , Kibria Mohammad Golam , Jahan Nusrat , Das Pappu Chandra , Yousuf Md. Abul Khair , Islam Md. Atikul , Das Dulal Chandra , Noor-E-Alam Sheikh Mohammad , Szyf Moshe , Khan Wasif A. , Mammun-Al-Mahtab  
Published: February 2021

AbstractRobust cost effective and high-throughput tests for early detection of cancer in otherwise healthy people could potentially revolutionize public-health and the heavy personal and public burden of the morbidity and mortality from cancer. Several studies have delineated tumor specific DNA methylation profiles that could serve as biomarkers for early detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) as well as other cancers in liquid biopsies. Several published DNA methylation markers fail to distinguish HCC DNA from DNA from other tissues and other cancers that are potentially present in plasma. We describe a set of DNA methylation signatures in HCC that are “categorically” distinct from normal tissues and blood DNA methylation profiles. We develop a classifier combined of 4 CG sites that is sufficient to detect HCC in TCGA HCC data set at high accuracy. A single CG site at the F12 gene is sufficient to differentiate HCC samples from thousands of other blood samples, normal tissues and 31 tumors in the TCGA and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data repository (n=11,704). A “next generation sequencing”-targeted-multiplexed high-throughput assay was developed, which was used to examine in a clinical study plasma samples from HCC, chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and healthy controls (n=398). The sensitivity for HCC detection was 84.5% at a specificity of 95% and AUC of 0.94. Applying this assay for routine follow up of people who are at high risk for developing HCC could have a significant impact on reducing the morbidity and mortality from HCC.
Impact of COVID-19 on the trade of goods and services in Spain
Authors: Minondo Asier 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the trade of goods and services in Spain.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses monthly trade data at the product, region and firm level.

Findings
The COVID-19 crisis has led to the sharpest collapse in the Spanish trade of goods and services in recent decades. The containment measures adopted to arrest the spread of the virus have caused an especially intense fall of trade in services. The large share of transport equipment, capital goods, products that are consumed outdoors (i.e., outdoor goods) and tourism in Spanish exports has made the COVID-19 trade crisis more intense in Spain than in the rest of the European Union.

Practical implications
The nature of the collapse suggests that trade in goods can recover swiftly when the health crisis ends. However, COVID-19 may have a long-term negative impact on the trade of services that rely on the movement of people.

Originality/value
It contributes to understand how COVID-19 has affected the trade in goods and services in Spain.
The relationship between university teachers' self-evaluation of online teaching and their background: based on the survey of 334 Chinese universities
Authors: Wu Wei , Yao Rui , Xie Zuoxu 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to take Chinese university teachers as the research objects to examine their self-evaluation of online teaching and analyze the main factors influencing their evaluation during COVID-19.Design/methodology/approachAccording to the theory of educational ecology, the factors influencing teachers' self-evaluation of online teaching in this paper include university background, courses background and teachers' personal background from the macro- to micro-levels. Through exploratory factor analysis, independent sample T-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), the self-evaluation of online teaching of 13,997 teachers from 334 universities and their relationship with teachers' background have been subject to data statistics and analysis.FindingsTeachers' self-evaluation of online teaching mainly includes three dimensions: online teaching methods, online teacher–student interaction and online teaching techniques. There are significant differences in these three dimensions among teachers with different background characteristics, including regions, the types of universities, the nature of universities in macro background levels, the types and numbers of online courses in meso background levels, and the gender, years of teaching, professional titles and disciplines in micro background levels.Practical implicationsTo improve teachers' self-evaluation of online teaching, it is suggested to build an online teaching self-evaluation system for teachers, strengthen university support and guarantee, strengthen online teaching training and improve the information accomplishments of teachers.Originality/valueThis large-scale empirical survey of online teaching evaluation of Chinese teachers can provide scholars with a deeper understanding of the implementation of online teaching in China and the self-evaluation of online teaching by teachers.
Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder’s perception on parent-implemented home-based developmental, individual-difference and relationship (DIR)/Floortime® intervention
Authors: Shamsudin Iylia Dayana , Brown Ted , Yu Mong-Lin , Lentin Primrose 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
The developmental, individual-difference and relationship (DIR)/Floortime® approach is a commonly used parent-implemented intervention with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Currently, no evidence is available about the intervention’s implementation and utility in Malaysia. The aim of this paper is to investigate the applicability and impact of implementing the parent-implemented home-based DIR/Floortime® intervention program for children with ASD and their parents in a Malaysian context from parents’ perspectives.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with eight mothers and four fathers of children with ASD was conducted. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Findings
Five themes were developed. Theme 1 described the implementation of DIR/Floortime® intervention; Theme 2 reported challenges parents faced when implementing the intervention; Theme 3 explored parents’ perspective on play; Theme 4 explained the improvements and changes in children with ASD and parents’ abilities and skills; and Theme 5 reported parents’ comments and suggestions about the intervention program.

Research limitations/implications
Involvement of a limited number of participants and an absence of baseline data limits the interpretation of the impacts of the DIR/Floortime® program’s implementation by parents with their children with ASD.

Originality/value
Utilization of DIR/Floortime® intervention is practical and appropriate in the Malaysian context. From the parents’ perspective, the DIR/Floortime® approach was beneficial for children with ASD and parents’ skill development and well-being. Further refinement to the program and involvement of participants from various cultural backgrounds are recommended. A greater emphasis for parents on child-led interaction style and play with children are also recommended.
Message framing's role in encouraging idle item recycling
Authors: Wu Zhengxiang , Guo Tingting , Li Baoku 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of framing idle item recycling appeals as gains or losses on influencing consumers' idle item recycling intention by assessing the mediating role of perceived impact and the moderating role of product attachment.Design/methodology/approachIn total, three experiments were conducted to gather data. The assumed hypotheses were verified using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and bootstrap analysis.FindingsStudy 1 illustrated that loss-framed messages are more persuasive than gain-framed messages for less-involved consumers in idle item recycling, whereas message framing shows no significant difference in more-involved consumers' intention. Study 2 suggested that perceived impact tends to increase less-involved consumers' recycling intention when the message is framed as loss. Study 3 demonstrated that less-involved consumers would react to idle item recycling messages when they are strongly attached to a product. Further, gain-framed messages are more efficacious than loss-framed messages in influencing more-involved consumers' recycling intention when they are strongly attached to a product.Originality/valuePrevious research focuses on promoting waste recycling behavior initiated by local, city or national governments. This study provides some of the first evidence on the influence mechanism of message framing on consumers' idle item recycling intention and offers insights into companies to develop effective advertising strategies for idle item recycling management.
Independence and effectiveness of Shariah supervisory board of Islamic banks: evidence from an emerging economy
Authors: Alam Md. Kausar , Miah Muhammad Shahin 
Published: February 2021

PurposeThe main objective of the study is to ascertain the level of independence and the effectiveness of the Shariah Supervisory Board (SSB) members of Islamic banks in Bangladesh. This is because only SSB members are empowered to oversee and certify the overall business functions of Islamic banks.Design/methodology/approachThis paper implements qualitative case research approach to explore the research objective in the context of Bangladesh. We applied purposeful and snowball sampling tactics for selecting respondents. By using a semi-structured questionnaire and face-to-face interviews, we collect data from SSB members, central bank executives and experts in Islamic banking and Shariah governance.FindingsThe study finds that majority Islamic banks' SSB's positions are similar to the Board of Directors (BOD) of the banks. Next, this study finds that in recruiting/selecting SSB members, some banks do not follow the guidelines of the central bank. This study finds mixed evidence regarding the independence of the members of the SSB. Most of the respondents opined that SSBs do not have power; in some cases, members of SSB are not independent and seeming powerless as BOD selects and recruits them. In contrast, they are dependent on management in respect of strategy implementation.Research limitations/implicationsThe study significantly contributed to the national and global regulatory bodies by identifying an important governance determinant of Islamic banks that is the independence of SSB members, which is highly important for both Shariah functions, and to enhance the trust level of the stakeholders. This study makes a theoretical contribution by documenting the violation of stakeholder theory and agency theory in recruiting SSB members by BOD's choice. The lack of SSB members' independence has an impact on Shariah legitimacy of the Islamic banks which is contradictory with the notion of legitimacy theory. This study recommends the central bank to ensure the independence of the SSB and central bank should take initiatives to develop an environment for the Islamic banking sector.Originality/valueThis study extends the literature of corporate governance relating to Islamic banking and financial institutions. More specifically, this paper explores the necessity of independence of members of the monitoring body (here SSB), an important constituent of governance, to ensure high-quality governance and transparency in reporting to increase diverse stakeholders' trust/confidence. The absence of independence of SSB in performing their functions contradicts with the agency, stakeholder and legitimacy theory, which is inconsistent with global evidence, that demands further investigations.
Auditor judgment and decision-making in big data environment: a proposed research framework
Authors: Hamdam Adli , Jusoh Ruzita , Yahya Yazkhiruni , Abdul Jalil Azlina , Zainal Abidin Nor Hafizah 
Published: February 2021

Purpose
The role of big data and data analytics in the audit engagement process is evident. Notwithstanding, understanding how big data influences cognitive processes and, consequently, on the auditors’ judgment decision-making process is limited. The purpose of this paper is to present a conceptual framework on the cognitive process that may influence auditors’ judgment decision-making in the big data environment. The proposed framework predicts the relationships among data visualization integration, data processing modes, task complexity and auditors’ judgment decision-making.

Design/methodology/approach
The methodology to accomplish the conceptual framework is based on a thorough literature review that consists of theoretical discussions and comparative studies of other authors’ works and thinking. It also involves summarizing and interpreting previous contributions subjectively and narratively and extending the work in some fashion. Based on this approach, this paper formulates four propositions about data visualization integration, data processing modes, task complexity and auditors’ judgment decision-making. The proposed framework was built from cognitive theory addressing how auditors process data into useful information to make judgment decision-making.

Findings
The proposed framework expects that the cognitive process of data visualization integration and intuitive data processing mode will improve auditors’ judgment decision-making. This paper also contends that task complexity may influence the cognitive process of data visualization integration and processing modes because of the voluminous nature of data and the complexity of business processes. Hence, it is also expected that the relationships between data visualization integration and audit judgment decision-making and between processing mode and audit judgment decision-making will be moderated by task complexity.

Research limitations/implications
There is a dearth of studies examining how big data and big data analytics affect auditors’ cognitive processes in making decisions. This paper will help researchers and auditors understand the behavioral consequences of data visualization integration and data processing mode in making judgment decision-making, given a certain level of task complexity.

Originality/value
With the advent of big data and the evolution of innovative audit procedures, the constructed framework can be used as a theoretical foundation for future empirical studies concerning auditors’ judgment decision-making. It highlights the potential of big data to transform the nature and practice of accounting and auditing.