bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in the Solid­State Structures of Single­Site and Ziegler ­Natta Linear Low­density Polyethylenes as Revealed by Molecular Dynam ics Simulation
Authors: Yuen Fanny 
Published: April 2021

The correlations between molecular structure and mechanical properties of linear low ­density polyethylenes are introduced. The program, procedures and conditions for the molecular dynamics simulations of singlesite and Ziegler ­Natta linear low ­density polyethylenes are presented. Resulting structures of the two polymers formed after the low ­temperature equilibrations are illustrated. Findings with regards to system order, stem length, branch distribution and concentration of tie ­chains are discussed.
The results are found to be consistent with experimental findings
Influence of Knowledge Distribution on Children’s Information Seeking Strategies
Authors: Vukatana Ena 
Published: April 2021

Early in development, children rely on others to obtain information about unfamiliar situations or objects. They can exploit sources of information, by asking a familiar informant, or explore new sources by asking an unfamiliar informant. Children’s choices are guided by their previous experience with each informant. Children as young as 4-years-old have been shown to track informant accuracy and direct future questions to the more accurate informant (Fitneva & Dunfield, 2010; Koenig & Harris, 2005). Moreover, the distribution of knowledge may also have an impact on children’s information seeking strategies. In the current study, children were presented with an informant who correctly answered some questions. For the final question of a category, they were asked to make a choice between the familiar and unfamiliar informant. The key manipulation of this study was the knowledge distribution, as children were explicitly told either one informant or all the informants know the names of the objects in question. We expect that, in the narrowly- distributed knowledge condition, children will be more likely to exploit. On the contrary, we expect that they will be more likely to explore in the broadly-distributed knowledge condition.
So Your Data's Not Perfect - Get Over It!
Authors: Moon Nathalie 
Published: April 2021

In a well known Peanuts cartoon, Lucy picks up a book and reads: "A man was born, he lived, and he died. The End!", and tosses the book aside. Linus picks the book up reverently and says : "What a fascinating account. It almost makes you wish you had known the fellow." Taking a broader view, survival analysis is the study, on a population scale, of life cycles for humans, machines, or anything else that has a beginning and an end. Incomplete or "censored" survival data presents real challenges for researchers. This presentation will describe ways in which mathematics can be used to overcome some of the shortcomings of censored survival data, improve our ability to predict outcomes, and ultimately improve our lives.
The Latrine in the Roman Bathhouse at Humayma, Jordan
Authors: Harvey Craig 
Published: April 2021

In the summer of 2010 an archaeological excavation, under the direction of Dr. Reeves of the Classics Department at Queen’s, uncovered the remains of a latrine at the Roman site of Humayma, Jordan. This latrine was part of a larger bathhouse which was associated with a nearby Roman fort. Typical of Roman latrines, the one at Humayma was a large room with seats for up to seven people built over a waste channel. The latrine also had a smaller channel for personal cleaning after using the latrine. Both these channels were fed from overflow water from the bath. This paper examines the latrine in relation to similar Roman facilities in the Near East. The paper also looks at the larger picture of the latrine’s place in the complex system of water management and use implemented by the ancient inhabitants of the Jordanian desert. Comparative research reveals that the latrine at Humayma followed typical designs oflatrines in the Roman Near East. Similar features from other sites also allow for the development of theories regarding archaeological features no longer extant in the latrine at Humayma. The construction of the facility shows to what extent the Roman garrison influenced local building and the presence of a drain hints at the reusing of water vital for survival in the desert at Humayma
The Pen and the Spade: Gerrard Winstanley and the Digger Movement
Authors: Colwell Renata 
Published: April 2021

In the wake of the English Civil Wars of the 1640s, increased religious tolerance gave rise to unprecedented religious radicalism. While most emerging religious sects adopted unorthodoxinterpretations of the Bible, some sects were more radical than others. The Diggers, led by Gerrard Winstanley, were unique in that their biblically inspired focus on private property’s inherent corruption drove them to establish an agricultural commune in Surrey in 1649. By setting an example for the rest of the world and encouraging others to adopt their methods, they hoped to ultimately restore the Earth to a state of ‘Common Treasury.’ Drawing on scriptural precedent and personal interpretation of the Bible, Winstanley offered an eloquent, politically charged justification for the Diggers’ program of communal living in The True Levellers Standard (1649), which became the Digger manifesto. It pointedly critiquedseventeenth-century English society, had both a positive and negative impact on the Diggers’ reception at the time, and survived the movement’s violent suppression and subsequent collapse. Today, it continues to offer great insight into the origins, development and fate of the Digger movement, while at the same time inspiring modern scholars to delve deeper into the movement’s significance, and raising questions about property and equality that remain highly relevant in this day and age.
Borders, Ideology, Geography and Maps – The Case of Israel
Authors: Perlman Evan 
Published: April 2021

Although there are dozens of countries with present day border disputes, few have received such unrelenting international focus as Israel. Maps, cartography and geographic education support the developing doctrine of national boundaries that form collective national identity and ideology. Geographically, throughout the past century, the borders of Israel have become a melding of the phenomena of national identity with physical territory – also referred to as territorial socialization. My paper argues that Israel’s use of geographic description of borders specifically through cartography over time is an example of how boundaries are a powerful tool in the naturalization of ideology of Jewish Israelis. This argument is analyzed by examining historical and biblical cartography, territorial evolution, geography curriculum and textbooks, the Atlas of Israel and mental mapping by citizens. Varying portrayals of Israel’s historical, biblical, natural and political boundaries creates an ambiguous definition of Israel’s borders for citizens. In turn, this importantly shapes the present day religious and seculargeographies of the population of Israel as well as the political behaviours by the democratically representative Israeli government.
Evaluación nutrimental de menús diarios para un comedor industrial de la región de Veracruz–Boca del Río.
Authors: Solis Morales Andrea Itzel , Pavón Varela Carmen De la Luz , Blasco López Gabriela 
Published: April 2021

Los comedores industriales ofrecen servicio de alimentación a empleados en jornada laboral para aumentar tiempo de producción, la cual está influenciada por la energía obtenida de una correcta alimentación, si esta es inadecuada aumenta la vulnerabilidad a enfermedades afectando la salud y desempeño laboral.Se evaluaron nutrimentalmente los menús diarios de un comedor industrial de la Región Veracruz- Boca del Río utilizando el Sistema Mexicano de Alimentos Equivalentes (SMAE) así mismo, de los datos obtenidos se realizó una propuesta de menús que cumplieran con los requerimientos diarios de calorías y nutrimentos.El 90% de menús eran hipercalóricos, altos en hidratos de carbono, colesterol, moderados en proteínas y bajos en micronutrimentos y fibra. Después del análisis que se realizó se propone realizar cambios integrando a un nutriólogo para orientar al comensal y capacitar a manipuladores de alimentos para brindar una adecuada alimentación a los trabajadores durante su jornada laboral.
Desarrollo de un puré instantáneo a base de malanga
Authors: Viveros Efrain Calleja , Esperón Rojas Alaina Alessa , Pulido Herrera Verónica , Palmeros Exsome Carolina , Quintero Pereda Susana , González Ortega Luis Alberto 
Published: April 2021

La malanga es una excelente fuente de nutrientes y puede utilizarse para la elaboración de productos alimenticios que sean de bajo costo y fácil acceso. El objetivo de esta investigación fue diseñar un producto innovador a base de malanga que fuese del agrado del consumidor. Se realizaron diversas formulaciones variando condiciones de temperatura y tiempo de secado, además se determinaron propiedades fisicoquímicas y sensoriales. El método de secado que mostró mejores resultados fue escaldado a 80 °C por 3 minutos y medio, el producto final tuvo un porcentaje de humedad <10 %, las pruebas sensoriales mostraron que el 50 % de los encuestados reportó como bueno el producto respecto a su olor, color y regular respecto a su sabor. El puré instantáneo elaborado no contiene aditivos, es de fácil reconstitución y puede ser usado además como alimento no perecedero para emergencias y como ingrediente en preparaciones alimenticias.
Understanding Fright and Differential Materia Medica: A case series
Authors: Parekh Bhavik Ramesh 
Published: April 2021

Objectives:
To successfully prescribe a homoeopathic remedy, it is important to have not only good knowledge of symptomatology but also an ability to closely differentiate a remedy from others indicated for similar conditions. Despite good knowledge of Materia Medica, its clinical application often fails. Therefore, the best way to understand Materia Medica is to study it in an actual clinical setting. Fright which is an extreme fear excited by sudden danger; something strange, ugly or shocking, is one such emotion that the homoeopathic physician encounters in his practice.

Materials and Methods:
Five successfully treated cases with prominent shades of fright from the author’s practice were studied to understand the causation, evolution and expressions of fright. The qualified expressions were studied through repertory and their finer shades were studied through Materia Medica to understand the key differential indications of the remedies prescribed.

Results:
The events or life situations that lead to fright and the patients’ response and its evolution lend a characteristic value to individualisation and prescribing based on differentiating from other remedies. Aconite, Opium, Stramonium and Gelsemium were drugs found in this study. Aconite has sudden and extreme effects of fright or repeated sudden effects leading to febrile expressions. Opium has prolonged effects of fright at the sensorium in the form of insomnia, but lacks the intensity or violence of Aconite. Stramonium has a fear of imminent danger or being attacked. The fears are intense, to the extent of terrors; the patient desires company and clings to persons OR hides and tries to escape from the situation. Gelsemium has fright leading to anticipation as well as fear of falling and/or receiving injury.

Conclusion:
In this study, plant remedies prescribed in higher potencies and infrequent repetition brought about effective resolution of fright in all five cases. The remedies also mitigated the consequences of fright on the mind and body and improved the overall susceptibility in all cases.
Incorporating Hahnemannian principles in the practice of tele-homoeopathy: Current scenario and future possibilities
Authors: Niturkar Yogesh Dhondiraj 
Published: April 2021

Objectives:
The COVID-19 pandemic prevented people from accessing medical care in person; in such a scenario, telemedicine emerged as a boon. Telemedicine helped to increase the availability of homoeopathy during the pandemic. The Ministry of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy (AYUSH) formulated guidelines to enable registered homoeopathic practitioners (RHPs) to safely provide healthcare using telemedicine. In this study, we demonstrated the scope of telemedicine in homoeopathic practice by incorporating Hahnemannian principles in a case-based learning (CBL) module.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective purposive study was conducted on 10 acute cases that were treated with homoeopathy through telemedicine during the COVID-19 lockdown. Patient-physician communications were analysed using Hahnemannian principles. Cases were assessed based on telecommunication application, type of consent, symptoms, signs, nosological provisional diagnosis, risk assessment, comorbidity, miasm and susceptibility status, totality of symptoms, repetition strategy and type of consult. Therapeutic management included building a logical framework of the case and auxiliary counselling. Patients were followed up to determine their health status.

Results:
All 10 cases were successfully treated with homoeopathy using AYUSH Telemedicine Practice Guidelines (ATPG) and incorporating Hahnemannian principles. Tele-homoeopathy was found to be effective in the pandemic by preventing disease spread and progression from mild to severe stage.

Conclusion:
Adhering to the ATPG and incorporating Hahnemannian principles can be effectively demonstrated through CBL modules; these enable RHPs to develop rational thinking and learn from clinical experiences.
Freehand external ventricular drain insertion – is there a learning curve?
Authors: Jayasekera B. Ashan P. , Al-Mousa Alaa , Shtaya Anan , Pereira Erlick 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Accuracy of freehand insertion of external ventricular drains (EVDs) is influenced by many factors including etiology and presence of midline shift. We sought to assess if junior neurosurgical trainees’ performance in accurately inserting EVDs improves with experience, using a radiological grading system.

Methods:
EVD insertion procedures from the first 3 years of training were identified from the operative logbooks of three trainees. Postoperative CT head scans were graded for accuracy of placement and intraventricular catheter length.

Results:
40 frontal EVDs performed primarily by the trainees were identified, after 34 assists, revision surgeries, parietal, or occipital insertions were excluded from the study. The mean number (±1 SD) of procedures was 7.7 ± 4.5 at ST3, 4.7 ± 2.5 at ST2, and 1 ± 1 at ST1. About 80% of EVDs were optimally inserted. There was no statistically significant difference in placement accuracy between the three training grades (P = 0.669), nor any difference in intraventricular catheter length (P = 0.697). There were no statistically significant differences between surgeons’ accuracy at each grade.

Conclusion:
We report good accuracy of EVDs tip position inserted by junior neurosurgery trainees. Trainees perform more procedures independently as they progress in their career. Further studies including senior years of training performance, other procedure factors and outcome should be considered.
Ruptured infectious ICA pseudoaneurysm into the sphenoid sinus after maxillofacial infection, successfully treated by selective embolization
Authors: Panagiotopoulos Vasileios , Theofanopoulos Andreas , Kourakli Alexandra , Symeonidis Anargyros , Krisela Valera , Mastronikolis Nicholas S. , Zampakis Petros 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Intracranial infectious aneurysms are cerebral aneurysms caused by pathogen-induced inflammation undermining the arterial wall. We present a rare case of inflammatory pseudoaneurysm of cavernous internal carotid artery (ICA).

Case Description:
A 51-year-old female with a recent diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia developed maxillofacial infection with Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter after chemotherapy onset. Initial plain computed tomography (CT) revealed bony dehiscence of the left ICA canal, as well as bilateral protrusion of the vessel within the sphenoid sinus. Following infection spread into the left sphenoid sinus, she presented with episodes of intermittent epistaxis, without any profound vascular abnormalities on postcontrast CT. CT angiography that was performed 15 days later, due to refractory epistaxis, illustrated a large narrow necked irregular shape pseudoaneurysm of the left paraophthalmic ICA, extending into the ipsilateral sphenoid sinus. The aneurysm was completely occluded by selective embolization without parent or adjacent vessel sacrifice, documented on both intraoperative and follow-up angiogram, with no recurrence of epistaxis.

Conclusion:
Conclusively, ruptured internal carotid infectious aneurysms are rare but potentially fatal causes of epistaxis when extended into the sphenoid sinus. Selective coiling is feasible and can provide definitive treatment of these lesions.
Державна зовнішньоторговельна політика як об’єкт дослідження в наукових працях українських та закордонних дослідників
Authors: Олійник Оксана Вікторівна , Ксендзук Валентина Віталіївна 
Published: April 2021

Актуальність теми дослідження пов’язана зі зростанням публікаційної активності в сфері зовнішньоторговельної політики та ґрунтується на здійсненні аналізу таких публікацій у найбільшій у світі реферативній базі даних Scopus. Метою є характеристика напрямів дослідження в сфері державного управління зовнішньоторговельною діяльністю, що реалізується на основі використання методу бібліометричного аналізу наукових досліджень у міжнародній наукометричній базі Scopus. Здійснення аналізу дозволило окреслити предметно-об’єктну сферу зовнішньоторговельної політики в різні періоди протягом 1974–2020 рр. Позитивна тенденція зростання кількості публікацій у базі Scopus за досліджуваною тематикою підтверджується тим фактом, що дослідження в сфері публічного управління активізувалися в 80-х роках ХХ ст. В цілому за досліджуваний період найбільше статей опубліковано за такими галузями, як: економіка, економетрика, фінанси, соціальні науки, що становить майже половину наукових досліджень у сфері зовнішньоторговельної політики. Дослідження в 1974–1979 рр. присвячені розкриттю проблем зовнішньої торгівлі та формуванню напрямів зовнішньої політики країн світу в сфері наук про навколишнє середовище та наук про землю і планети. Натомість сучасні наукові пошуки (2016–2020 рр.) стосуються таких проблем, як: управління ланцюгами поставок, участь країн в глобальних ланцюгах створення вартості, діджиталізація торгівлі, торговельні війни, що супроводжується ризиками зовнішньоторговельної діяльності. Проаналізовано зв’язки між основними ключовими термінами, що зустрічаються в досліджуваній тематиці, та сформовано 6 кластерів (світова торговельна політика; зовнішня торгівля ЄС та США; наслідки зовнішньої торгівлі на соціо-еколого-економічну світову систему; стратегічні напрями розвитку зовнішньої торгівлі; принципи СОТ та політика країн-учасниць; політика протекціонізму (тарифні та нетарифні методи). Визначено, що завданням публічного сектору є формування ефективних механізмів державного управління зовнішньоторговельною діяльністю на підставі виявлення проблемних питань у сфері зовнішньої торгівлі та застосування результатів зовнішньої політики країни.
Механізм формування аналітичного забезпечення управління діяльністю лісогосподарських підприємств
Authors: Прокопенко Жанна Володимирівна , Мельник Ірина Миколаївна 
Published: April 2021

У сучасних умовах розвитку лісового господарства є потреба в постійній оцінці ефективності системи управління. Це обумовлено тим, що лісогосподарські підприємства є суб’єктами господарювання, діяльність яких направлена на використання, зберігання та примноження стратегічного природного ресурсу України. Мета статті полягає в дослідженні механізму формування аналітичного забезпечення управління діяльністю лісогосподарських підприємств. У процесі дослідження було встановлено, що економічний аналіз є особливою функціональною економічною наукою, яка проявляє себе як сукупність нових знань і на рівні наукових досліджень, і на рівні практики застосування його інструментарію. Встановлено, що отримані в результаті аналітичного інструментарію інформаційні ресурси перетворюються в систему спеціальних знань, що визначає тенденції розвитку економічних систем різних рівнів. Визначено, що економічний аналіз як науку та практичну діяльність можна розглядати з декількох аспектів: економічний аналіз як система генерування нових спеціальних знань, що в результаті визначають тенденції розвитку економічної науки; економічний аналіз як система генерування основного ресурсу постіндустріальної економіки інформації; економічний аналіз як засіб прийняття ефективних управлінських рішень в умовах динамічного розвитку зовнішнього середовища та жорстокої конкуренції. Економічний аналіз дозволяє ідентифікувати напрями розвитку підприємства для забезпечення його стійкого розвитку в умовах невизначеності.
Attitudes of Primary Pregnant Women Toward Preference of Birth Method in Dezful, Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nosratabadi Mahnaz , Sarabi Nasrin , Masoudiyekta Leila , Abbaspoor Zahra , Kassani Aziz 
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Choosing the birth method is a major issue for pregnant women that is affected by multifaceted physiological, psychological and socio-cultural factors.
Aim(s): The aim research was performed to explore factors influencing pregnant women’s attitude toward birth method.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study on 220 healthy nulliparous pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancies without any contraindication for vaginal birth in Medical Centers of Dezful, in the south west of Iran. Data collection tool was a questionnaire for factors affecting the choice of delivery method. Differences in attitude were compared between two groups of natural vaginal delivery preference and cesarean delivery preference. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS Version 16.0 statistic software package. Descriptive statistics were used to report percentages, mean, and standard deviation, and t-test, chi-square were applied to analyze the data.
Results: During the study period, 206 primary pregnant women were examined to determine the attitudinal influencing factors the birth method preference. 131 women (64%) chose the natural delivery method and 71 women (36%) chose the cesarean delivery method. In addition, the results showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the general attitude of the participants towards natural delivery (164.43 in the normal vaginal delivery (NVD) group versus 134.50 in the cesarean section (CS) group (p < 0.001)).
Conclusion: There is a direct relationship between the attitude of pregnant women towards vaginal birth and the tendency to normal vaginal delivery and cesarean section. Also, according to the results of the study of 8 components of attitudes, counseling sessions and prenatal training sessions can be identified based on counseling needs and be guided counseling sessions more purposefully.