bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peat water quality in Block C Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan
Authors: Wahyuni R , Hidayat M Y , Saragih G S , Efadeswarni E , Siswadi S , Pitalokasari O D , Pandiangan Y S H 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The increasing need for agricultural land has led to a shift in the cultivation of vegetation on peatland especially food crops. Agricultural activities on peatland require careful planning, appropriate technology application, and proper management due to the marginal and the fragile peatland ecosystem. Research and development are needed to evaluate the carrying capacity of environmental impacts on peatland use. This study aimed to obtain information on the water quality of peat domes, primary canals, and secondary canals of Block C, Pulang Pisau Regency. The study area is now mostly used for agricultural activities. The analysis was carried out in a descriptive qualitative manner based on water parameter testing results to assess the water quality of peat domes, primary canals, and secondary canals of each type of peatland use in Buntoi, Garung, and Kanamit Barat Village. The results indicated that five chemical parameters exceeded the water quality criteria for Class II PP No. 22/2021 namely BOD, COD, free chlorine, zinc, and lead in Buntoi. Further, in Garung, six chemical parameters exceeded the water quality criteria: DO, BOD, COD, free chlorine, lead, and copper. Meanwhile, in Kanamit Barat Village, seven chemical parameters exceeded the criteria: DO, BOD, COD, free chlorine, zinc, lead, and copper. Based on this research, therefore, agricultural activities on this peatland area should consider the natural characteristics of peat water and the selection of suitable plants.
Distribution of schistosomiasis intermediate snail in Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi
Authors: Widjaja J , Samarang  , Koraag M , Srikandi Y , Kurniawan A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Schistosomiasis in Indonesia is only found in three locations, namely the Napu Highland and the Bada Highland in Poso District and the Lindu Highland in Sigi District, Central Sulawesi Province. The disease is caused by Schistosoma japonicum with snail Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis as its intermediate host. The previous study found that almost all of this host snail foci area were distributed in the seepage water near the Lore Lindu National Park area. Unfortunately, there was no evidence whether O. h. lindoensis exists in the Lore Lindu National Park Area. The study aimed to map the focus areas of schistosomiasis intermediate host snails in the Lore Lindu National Park. The survey was conducted in February 2018, covering 12 villages belong to Napu Highland, Bada Highland, and Lindu Highland. Data collection included surveys on the snail habitat and the snail density. In both activities, geographic coordinates were determined using Global Positioning System (GPS). The results showed 14 foci areas of O. h. lindoensis were found in the buffer zone of Lore Lindu National Park.
Comparative Study of Existing Cement Fly Ash Gravel pile and Encased Stone Column Composite Foundation
Authors: Umravia N. B. , Solanki C.H. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Cement Fly Ash and Gravel (CFG) Pile and Encased Stone Column (ESC) are the ground improvement techniques. The main object of the study is to the numerical analysis of the Both techniques pile group were used to support the Embankment with and without the geotextile both techniques composite foundation by the Finite Element method under static and dynamic load analysis. Numerical simulation has been carried out in Plaxis 3D. A case study from china’s highspeed embankment supported by CFG and ESC have investigated the load caring capacity by soil and pile. While the failure behaviors, settlement, excess pore pressure, and lateral behavior with variable embankment loading and number of geosynthetic effect moreover, the diameter of CFG piles and ESC at various locations in an embankment has been varied to study its influence on the load distribution among the CFG piles/ESC and lateral load displacement of the pile group. The results show that increasing the diameter of both techniques reduced the total settlement and differential settlement of embankment. It observed that the seismic load has a significant effect on the vertical and lateral displacement.
Response Reduction Factor for Lateral Load Resisting Frames with Vertical Discontinuity of Asymmetrical Structure
Authors: Dongare Trupti , Kulkarni Preeti 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In recent times, the RC building construction with vertical discontinuity that is floating column structures are unavoidable feature and increases trends day by day. To reduce lateral forces the earthquake resistance structures are designed so the response reduction factor (R) is used to determine these lateral forces by using base shear values. The R factor depends upon the overstrength factor, ductility factor, redundancy factor also the sizes of columns, types of soil, zones and load transferring path, etc. The IS code provides response reduction factor only for OMRF and SMRF along with other structures like Braced frame system, Structural wall system, Dual system, Flat slab structure wall system, etc. so there are no codal provisions for floating column structures. Thus it is essential to study the real behaviours of RC buildings with discontinuity in load transferring path through non-linear static analysis, so the present research work is done on trying to find R factor for vertical discontinuous asymmetrical structure for different soil conditions and different positions of floating column using moment resisting frames. And the structure is analyzed by response spectrum analysis and non-linear static analysis using SAP2000 software.
Comparative Analysis of 3D Steel and Glulam Trusses Using ABAQUS
Authors: Parthasarathy Arunachalam , Mahalingam Smriti , Sridharan Subhiksha , Chethala Sai Pavan Kalyan , Vidjeapriya R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study aims at developing an innovative and sustainable 3D truss system that can be applied in a variety of scenarios where intermediary propping is a hindrance. One prominent and pertinent application of such a system is in archaeological sites where long spans and no intermediary propping are desired. Previous research and studies have developed an innovative 3D steel truss for the same application. This study aims to further the innovation by providing a more sustainable alternative through Glulam and Glulam-Bamboo hybrid variations which are able to withstand similar loads as that of the steel truss but offering more sustainability and less impact on the environment as well as a light weight alternative. The results of such an alternative truss system are discussed here. One obvious problem faced with the alternative wood system was the large deflections observed and also certain regions with impermissible stresses. In addition, the proposed joint in the Glulam truss has been modelled and analyzed. It was found that the Glulam truss with lateral restraints at every quarter length of the span showed the best results in terms of deflection and stress developed. Also, the Glulam-Bamboo hybrid truss without any lateral restraints proved to be an equally effective alternative from a structural standpoint. The proposed joint system for the glulam truss also proved to be effective. The study concludes with a cost benefit analysis (CBA) between the steel, glulam and Glulam-Bamboo hybrid systems, which compares the viability of the proposed designs from an economic standpoint. The CBA shows that about 46% and 48% of costs are minimized on employing Glulam, Glulam- Bamboo respectively, instead of using Steel for the truss.
Stability Analysis of Directional Tunnel in Sandy Soil
Authors: Raghavendra Kumar R , Gupta Rajiv 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In recent times, water storage is becoming a confronting task because of the depletion of water resources worldwide. Domestic rainwater harvesting and human-made structures for water procurement achieved significance because of the increase in intermittent water accessibility. In turn, functional water infrastructures fetch prominence in the wake of constructive coordination among the communities in a locality. Low water security and losses through evaporation observed by practising different rainwater harvesting methods create a research gap to construct water infrastructure in rural areas to procure water productively. The current research work represents the model of a water storage structure, named directional tunnel (DT), which is placed below the ground level in a declination, as it reduces evaporation and temperature, thus storing rainwater for longer days. DT stores runoff and rainwater collected from the rooftop of multiple houses in a selected locality. The detailed working of the DT is discussed using Building Information Modelling (BIM) concept. Combined with the engineering geological characteristics, the DT’s stability during water storage comes into the picture as the whole structure interacts with the soil. The current study also focuses on the behaviour of DT with respect to sandy soil using PLAXIS 3D software, and the results are interpreted for practical viability.
Noise Reduction Using Concrete Barriers: A Case Study
Authors: Dasarathy A. K. , Tamil selvi M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Noise pollution is becoming more and more acute, and hence many researchers are studying the noise attenuation effect and prevention of noise. In this study an attempt has been made to find the reduction in noise levels at National Highway 45 near peerkankaranai in Chennai. Two sensitive places were selected along NH 45 by examining attenuation of noise by providing noise barriers in the form of concrete structures.
The primary goal of this project was to identify innovative design of noise barrier that has the potential to be implemented in NH 45, Chennai. Based on the research and evaluation conducted for this study, it was recommended that two innovative barrier designs be implemented in Chennai. First, a noise prediction is made at the specified location on the highway under certain traffic conditions in order to determine the noise level by measurement and decide on the barrier requirement. The installation of sound barriers is feasible enough to cause a significant decrease in noise pollution at the roads. Considerable noise attenuation is achieved by providing concrete noise barrier.
The paper provides Leq at the time of traffic data recorded was 105.1 dBA at NH45 and 91.108 dBA at NH5 during the time of observation at installation of barrier the values are 70.09 dBA 79.11 dBA, respectively. Noise reduction is possible and noise reduction is predominantly reduced by providing barrier.
Analytical Design of Irregular Buildings founded on soft soil
Authors: Yadav Abhishek , Bhardwaj Shobhit , Karam Zenia , Kumari Madhuri 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In modern day, due to the need of unique architectural appearance or aesthetics of building, irregularities in mass, stiffness and symmetry may get disturbed, making the whole structure vulnerable to certain damages either minor or major. Some of the functional considerations of these structures are use of ground floor as car parking in residential buildings, use of basement as car parking in malls, etc. Seismic range is one the most important factors to be considered to analyze any irregular structure. In this study, the design of different G+6 structures having vertical regularity was done. These irregular structure models were compared with a regular G+6 structure having similar properties as other structures. For the designing and analysis of these structures, use of StaadPro software was done. It is one of the most used software, whenever it comes to the digital analysis of any structure. Different types of Vertical irregularities like mass irregularity, Vertical Setback Irregularity, Stiffness Irregularity (Discontinuous Column, Middle weak storey and Bottom Weak Storey) were considered for the analysis. The Seismic Zone for the structure is considered to be Delhi (Seismic Zone IV) with a Seismic Factor of 0.24. All the model structures were compared for the parameters of their Storey Drift and Storey Displacement. For irregular buildings though, certain damages/fatigue may be observed in some structures but the structures will not fail and will be serviceable for a long time with proper care. It was observed that the structures with stiffness irregularity showed the most increase in storey displacement and storey drift values.
Seismic Response Control of Elevated Water Tank using Base Isolation: A Review
Authors: Nimbekar Sanket , Dabhekar K. R. , Solanke S. S. , Khedikar Isha P , Sonawane Er. Tushar H. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Earthquake events are not something which can be avoidable. The Indian subcontinent has a background marked by devasting quakes. Quakes are generally caused when the stone underground out of nowhere breaks along an issue. Ground shake is caused by seismic waves due to sudden release of energy. The Centre of earthquake vibration is known as epicentre. Due to earthquake millions of lives are lost which can never be affordable. Most of the structures are subjected to vibrations; it causes destruction of country’s infrastructure. In the recent earthquakes many well designed concrete structures have been severely damaged or collapsed. To protect structures from response reduction of structures and important harm under such serious earthquakes has become a vital theme in structural engineering. In this investigation, we evaluated seismic performance of staging system of elevated water storage tank with or without Base Isolation by using SAP2000. From this examination the powers following up on elevated water tank because of seismic powers are determined for zone IV.
Structural health assessment of reinforced concrete structure
Authors: Raut A A , Pachpor P D , Mase D P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
There is a magnificent rise in repair, retrofitting and rehabilitation in construction industry in recent years. Concrete is a major used material in construction for various structures mainly because it deteriorates at a low rate. Concrete alone is durable but for structural application, Reinforced concrete is used. Reinforced concrete structures are not that durable because of number of reasons such as variation in construction methods, loading condition in service life and subsequent attack by environmental factors. The external symptoms range from cracking to spalling of concrete. In maximum field cases the main cause of deterioration are penetration of water and aggressive chemicals attack. Carbonation, Chloride ingress, leaching, sulphate attack, alkali-silica reaction are known responsible causes. Due to these reasons, during service life the structure deteriorates, and hence monitoring is required. If the condition of structure is below acceptable limit considering various parameters considered, the structure requires repair and retrofitting. For the study, we have considered G+3 Storey commercial building with a basement. Non-Destructive and Chemical Test. The Rebound hammer, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test, Cover Meter Test, pH Test, Carbonation Test and Chloride Content Test are carried out to understand and analyze the current condition of the structure. The result computed from field and lab test were used as parameters for analyzing the structure in STAAD PRO Software. After assessing, the strengthening scheme for reinforced concrete structural components such as beams, columns and slab is discussed and suggested to increases the service life of structure.
Comparative Study Of Conventional Slab, Flat Slab And Grid Slab Using ETABS
Authors: Sawwalakhe Abhijit K , Pachpor Prabodh D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In today’s construction, the traditional slab is mostly supported by a beam, with a small slab thickness and a large beam depth, and the weight is carried from beam to column. The flat slab allows architects to place partition walls wherever they are needed. It is widely used because it reduces weight, speeds up building, and is cost effective. Similarly, since its inception, the conventional slab has provided benefits such as increased stiffness, increased weight carrying ability, as well as being safe and cost effective. Grid slabs are necessary where the span is greater, and grid beams are provided to lessen the spanning. Grid slabs reduce dead load due to voids and are appropriate for longer spans with heavy loads. The Grid slab is less expensive and provides superior vibration resistance. The project’s goal is to find the most cost-effective slab among standard slab, flat slab with drop, and grid slab. A G+5 Commercial multi-story structure with flat slab, conventional slab, and gird slab was investigated for characteristics such as storey displacement, shear force, bending moment, and storey drift in this study. There are a total of 18 structures examined. The performance and behaviour of all structures in India’s seismic zone III have been investigated with the application of dead load, live load and seismic load. The results of shear force, Bending Moment, story shear, story displacement, story drift and quantity of concrete and steel shows that the overall result values makes flat slab a suitable structure as compared to the conventional and grid slab.
Use of added damping devices with special emphasis on Multiple Tuned mass dampers: Review
Authors: Pitale N.H. , Kalamkar Avinash , Patil P.B. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Shock absorbers are an important part of the design under high seismic conditions. As the life of the structure increases, so does the strength and flexibility. In different performance modes, the control of the shock absorber requires considerable effort, which indicates the need for shock absorbers. Concentrate on making the most of it.
Review on “Assessment of the effect of lateral dynamic forces on rcc cantilever l-shaped and t-shaped retaining wall with height variations”
Authors: Harode Jayesh , Dabhekar Kuldeep , Pawade P.Y. , Khedikar Isha 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
It is now becoming very essential to analyse the behaviour of retaining structures due to their wide infrastructural applications. The important factors which are affecting the stability of the retaining wall are the distribution of earth pressure on the wall, material of backfill & its reaction against earth pressure. There are several types of retaining walls, out of them the cantilever retaining wall is adopted for present design and study. In this paper, the study of literature based on the design of the cantilever retaining walls under seismic or dynamic conditions is studied. From the studied literature, many authors performed their calculations in Excel sheets by a manual method. Then the Results obtained from the manual calculation are then validated in STAAD pro. Several authors show the calculated quantity of steel and concrete required for various heights of walls. It is also concluded from the study that the design of cantilever retaining wall is suitable, safe, and economical up to a height of 6m, after that banding moment at toe increases. Some authors have also shown the calculated factor of safety for different height conditions. From the study of mentioned literature, we can recommended to also show the graph of bending moment with height variation.
Both the designs are done for various heights ranging from 3 m to 6 m.
Measurement of volume fraction of air in water: experimental Study
Authors: Dilip Singh J , Senthilkumar G 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In multi phase mixing of flow streams, the measurement of fraction of individual components with consideration of proportion of volume need to be analyzed considering the serious issues in many chemical and other processing industries. Even though, quantifiable measurements technique are exist for the calculation of solubility, partial pressure, molar fraction and VOF, the VOF measurement is the meaningful measure of percentage fraction of air in water. In this experimental procedure, the method to resolve the Volume fraction (VOF) is discussed and the same is achieved by impedance probe method.
Geospatial Approach for the Assessment and Analysis of Flood Risk in the region of Nanjangud town, Mysore District, Karnataka, India
Authors: Yadav Arunkumar , Hema H C , Kappadi Pramodkumar , Agasnalli Chandrashekharappa 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Flooding in urban and rural areas is one of the utmost challenges to human safety. Destruction of the properties is the main issue in urban areas and damage to the agriculture practices in the rural area. Flood risk is rising significantly all over the globe. The regional water cycle and water resource availability are governed by the rainfall event, which is a fundamental meteorological parameter. The objective of the study is to examine the rainfall variability for 25 years from the period from 1995 to 2020 for monthly and annual rainfalls in the part of Nanjangud taluk, Mysore district, Karnataka. During the last three years that is 2017 to 2019 during the southwest monsoon, it is noted that the severity of flood increased in the surrounding of Nanjangud town, due to the heavy rainfall and excess amount of water released has augmented the inflow source of flooding. The assimilation of Remotely Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS) is capable to generate a sequence of thematic maps that were helpful to create geospatial data for demarcating flood hazard areas. This study discusses the probable flood risk-prone regions of the Kabini river basin near Nanjangud town based on the multi-ring buffered layer analysis. The buffered layers created for the radius of 250m, 500m 750m, and 1000m were overlaid on the Sentinel-2 satellite image and topographic map to delineate the flood-affected region. To calculate the slope and drainage density, the SRTM DEM data was used. Structural and nonstructural practices are proposed in this study can be implemented to reduce the probability of the effect of floods.
Comparative vulnerability analysis of structure with sand and soft soil
Authors: Shripurwar Swarup , Patil P B , Pitale Nikhil , Sanghai S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
World frequently faces the seismic activities at different locations with varying intensities causing heavy damage to the property. Here we are doing Comparative vulnerability study between two soil type which is sand and soft soil. We will analyze two building having same dimensions, beam column sections. This paper represents the comparative vulnerability analysis which have been resulted using pushover analysis. Also the plastic hinge properties have been utilized for calculating the seismic vulnerability index to examine the performance stages of the selected building, complete used software is SAP 2000.