bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOBRE A ESPACIALIDADE E OS PROPÓSITOS DA EDUCAÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA
Authors: Arosa de Mattos Rafael 
Published: August 2021

A geografia é muitas vezes vista no senso comum como um conjunto de conhecimentos sobre as caraterísticas de lugares, regiões e/ou territórios. Ao mesmo tempo, no ambiente acadêmico ainda são recorrentes as reflexões acerca da natureza epistemológica desta ciência. Este artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa de doutorado em geografia em andamento e pretende contribuir com as reflexões sobre as relações entre saberes científicos e escolares. Quais devem ser os propósitos e objetivos da educação geográfica realizada em contextos escolares? O que a educação geográfica apresenta de singular do ponto de vista epistemológico e que a diferencia de outros campos do conhecimento, disciplinas e visões do senso comum? As reflexões presentes neste trabalho se somam a outras publicações recentes na geografia brasileira e britânica que apontam para a importância da espacialidade dos fenômenos como ponto de partida para um raciocínio realmente geográfico.
Palavras-chave
Educação geográfica, Geografia escolar, Raciocínio geográfico.

SPATIALITY AND THE PURPOSES OF GEOGRAPHICAL EDUCATION
Abstract
Geography is often seen in common sense as a body of knowledge about the characteristics of places, regions and / or territories. At the same time, reflections on the epistemological nature of this science are still recurring in the academic environment. This article is the result of an ongoing PhD research in geography and aims to contribute to reflections on the relationship between scientific and school knowledge. What should be the purposes and objectives of geographic education carried out in school contexts? What is unique about geographic education from an epistemological point of view and what differentiates it from other fields of knowledge, disciplines and common sense views? The reflections present in this work are added to other recent publications in Brazilian and British geography that point to the importance of the spatiality of phenomena as a starting point for a truly geographic thinking.
Keywords
Geographic education, School geography, Geographic thinking.
Effect of Socio-demographic Status, Knowledge, and Attitude on Utilisation of Safe Delivery Practices among Mothers of Children attending Child Welfare Clinics in Osogbo, Nigeria
Authors: Olarewaju OS , Jegede OS , Oladimije O , Alamu OT 
Published: August 2021

Background: Previous studies on attendance at delivery by skilled personnel have neglected childbearing women’s knowledge and attitude towards safe delivery practices. This study assessed factors influencing utilisation of safe delivery services among mothers of under-five children attending child welfare clinics in Osogbo.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at child welfare clinics in Osogbo, Nigeria. Respondents were selected using a multistage sampling technique. Data was collected using a semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire and analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. Statistical association between safe delivery practices and socio-demographic factors, knowledge of and attitude towards safe delivery practices were determined using logistic regression and p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Four hundred out of the 420 eligible respondents completed the questionnaire giving a response rate of 95.2%. More than half of the respondents; 223 (55.8%) were < 30 years old. Many respondents; 193 (48.3%) and their spouses; 229 (57.2%) had attained tertiary education. Almost all respondents; 389 (97.3%) attended antenatal care during their last pregnancies. Utilisation of skilled birth attendants was associated with antenatal clinic attendance in last pregnancy (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The factors associated with utilisation of safe delivery services were respondent’s ages, educational attainment of the respondents and their spouses, and respondents’ attendance at antenatal clinic in last pregnancy. Implementation research on measures to promote antenatal and delivery services by skilled birth attendants is needed in order to increase utilisation of safe delivery practices by mothers.
LA SUSPENSIÓN DE LA EJECUTIVIDAD DEL ACTO ADMINISTRATIVO POR SILENCIO POSITIVO
Authors: LAZO VITORIA XIMENA 
Published: August 2021

Este trabajo analiza el régimen jurídico de la suspensión en sede administrativa de los efectos de los actos administrativos, prestando especial atención a la suspensión por silencio administrativo prevista en el art. 111.3 de la Ley 30/1992. Al hilo de lo anterior, se comentan críticamente recientes pronunciamientos judiciales sobre esta materia.Lan honetan, administrazio-egintzen ondorioak administrazio-bidean eteteko araubide juridikoa aztertzen da, arreta berezia jarriz 30/1992 Legearen 111.3 artikuluan aurreikusitako administrazio-isiltasunak dakarren eteteari. Alde horretatik, auzitegiek gai horri buruz oraintsu emandako zenbait ebazpenen gaineko iruzkinak egiten dira.This paper critically examines recent judicial pronouncements on the application of the figure of the suspension by administrative silence enshrined in art. 111.3 of Law 30/1992.
EL NUEVO RÉGIMEN DE LOS RECURSOS EN LOS CONTRATOS PÚBLICOS Y SU IMPLANTACIÓN EN LA COMUNIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL PAÍS VASCO
Authors: RAZQUIN LIZARRAGA JOSÉ ANTONIO 
Published: August 2021

Este trabajo estudia el nuevo régimen de los recursos en materia
de contratación pública tras la reforma de la legislación de contratos públicos por
la Ley 34/2010 para incorporar la Directiva 2007/66/CE, con adaptación al texto refundido
de la Ley de Contratos del Sector Público. Se analiza especialmente su implantación
en Euskadi donde se han creado y constituido efectivamente órganos o
tribunales de recursos contractuales.
Lan honetan, kontratazio publikoaren arloko errekurtso-araubide
berria aztertzen da, 2007/66/EE Zuzentaraua jasotzeko emandako 34/2010 Legearen
bidez kontratu publikoei buruzko legeria berritu eta Sektore Publikoko Kontratuei
buruzko Legearen testu bateginari egokitu ostean. Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan
nola ezarri den analizatzen da bereziki, kontratuen inguruko errekurtsoei buruzko
epaitegi edo organoak eratu baitira bertan.
This paper studies the revision of review procedures to public
procurement after the amendments to public procurement legislation by the
Act 34/2010 in order to transposition of Directive 2007/66/EC. It specially analyses
the implementation in Euskadi, where some public procurement tribunals have
been created.
LA INTEGRACIÓN ENERGÉTICA EN SURAMÉRICA: ¿REALIDAD O UTOPÍA LA CONSTRUCCIÓN EUROPEA COMO REFERENCIA
Authors: JIMÉNEZ GUANIPA HENRY 
Published: August 2021

En el presente trabajo se analizan el contexto y las medidas que la Unión Europea, ha adoptado a lo largo de su evolución como comunidad sui generis para construir un mercado único de la energía que garantice a los Estados miembros el abastecimiento seguro, la competitividad y la sostenibilidad. Bajo un enfoque retrospectivo y teniendo como trasfondo la experiencia europea, se ofrece una sistematización de las diversas iniciativas de integración energética impulsadas en Suramérica. El propósito es identificar los rasgos básicos y las acciones principales adoptadas en el marco de los proyectos de integración en estudio, perfilando alguno de los factores que han incidido en su poco avance y desarrollo.Europar Batasunak hainbat neurri hartu ditu, erkidego sui generis gisa izan duen bilakabidean, energiaren merkatu bakarra eraikitzeko, eta, horrenbestez, estatu kideen hornidura, lehiakortasuna eta iraunkortasuna bermatzeko. Azterlan honek, bada, Europar Batasunak hartu dituen neurriak aztertzen ditu, bai eta neurri horiek zein testuingurutan hartuak diren ere. Orobat, Hego Amerikan integrazio energetikoa bultzatzeko hartutako neurriak sistematizatzen ditu, atzera begirako ikuspegiaz eta Europako esperientzian oinarrituta. Helburua da oinarrizko ezaugarri batzuk identifikatzea, eta, era berean, aztergai diren integrazio- proiektuetan landutako ekintza nagusien berri ematea, integrazioaren aurrerabide eta garapen eskasean eragin duten faktoreetako batzuk nabarmenduz.This paper examines the context and the measures the EU has adopted throughout its evolution as a sui generis community to build a single energy market to ensure Member States¿ security of supply, competitiveness and sustainability. Under a retrospective approach and focusing the European experience, the article provides a systematization of various initiatives driven in the field of South American energy integration. The purpose of this paper is to identify the basic features and the main actions taken in the context of integration projects. It underlines some of the factors that have influenced the lack of progress and development of the integration initiatives.
HESITAÇÃO À VACINA NO PERÍODO DE ISOLAMENTO NA PANDEMIA COVID-19
Authors: Oliveira Silva Kelly Dayanne , Farias de Paiva Scheila , Monteiro Campos Luís Antônio , Palanch Repeke Carlos Eduardo 
Published: August 2021

A partir do momento que a COVID-19 foi considerada uma doença pandêmica, deu início a uma busca constante por uma vacina e/ou medicamento que trouxesse alívio ou recuperação rápida para os indivíduos acometidos pelo vírus. Apesar de existirem diversas evidências científicas, que justifiquem os benefícios gerais da imunização, a hesitação vacinal permanece em constante crescimento entre a população brasileira, devido as crenças e ao conteúdo impreciso e enganoso que se prolifera rapidamente de forma online, favorecendo o ressurgimento de patologias que podem ser evitadas através da vacinação. A aceitação da vacina Covid-19 pela população brasileira também será um guia para os próximos estudos de vacinação no Brasil. O objetivo deste estudo é descrever o perfil da população brasileira em relação a hesitação a vacina e seus supostos riscos futuros. A partir dos dados que foram coletados podem-se traçar em futuras pesquisas e ações de intervenção. A amostra foi composta por 158 participantes de várias regiões do país, com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. Os dados foram obtidos através de formulários em formato eletrônico, possibilitados pela ferramenta gratuita oferecida pelo Google: o Google Forms. Através dos dados obtidos, foi possível evidenciar que apesar de diversos fatores atitudinais, políticos, crenças religiosas associadas a vacinação gerarem hesitação vacinal na população, a maioria dos participantes deste estudo não apresentaram hesitação significativa a vacina. Os resultados indicaram uma amostra favorável à vacinação, acredita-se que esses resultados tenham relação com as características da amostra, que é formada por indivíduos de alto nível de escolaridade.
Representation learning for neural population activity with Neural Data Transformers
Authors: Ye Joel , Pandarinath Chethan 
Published: August 2021

Neural population activity is theorized to reflect an underlying dynamical structure. This structure can be accurately captured using state space models with explicit dynamics, such as those based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs). However, using recurrence to explicitly model dynamics necessitates sequential processing of data, slowing real-time applications such as brain-computer interfaces. Here we introduce the Neural Data Transformer (NDT), a non-recurrent alternative. We test the NDT’s ability to capture autonomous dynamical systems by applying it to synthetic datasets with known dynamics and data from monkey motor cortex during a reaching task well-modeled by RNNs. The NDT models these datasets as well as state-of-the-art recurrent models. Further, its non-recurrence enables 3.9ms inference, well within the loop time of real-time applications and more than 6 times faster than recurrent baselines on the monkey reaching dataset. These results suggest that an explicit dynamics model is not necessary to model autonomous neural population dynamics. Code: https://github.com/snel-repo/neural-data-transformers
Spatiotemporal changes in aerosol properties by hygroscopic growth and impacts on radiative forcing and heating rates during DISCOVER-AQ 2011
Authors: Pérez-Ramírez Daniel , Whiteman David N. , Veselovskii Igor , Ferrare Richard , Titos Gloria , Granados-Muñoz María José , Sánchez-Hernández Guadalupe , Navas-Guzmán Francisco 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. This work focuses on the characterization of vertically resolved aerosol
hygroscopicity properties and their direct radiative effects through a
unique combination of ground-based and airborne remote sensing measurements
during the Column and Vertically
Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ) 2011 field campaign in the Baltimore–Washington DC metropolitan area. To that end, we combined aerosol measurements
from a multiwavelength Raman lidar located at NASA Goddard Space Flight
Center and the airborne NASA Langley High Spectral Resolution Lidar-1 (HSRL-1) lidar system. In situ
measurements aboard the P-3B airplane and ground-based Aerosol Robotic Network – Distributed Regional Aerosol Gridded
Observational Network (AERONET-DRAGON)
served to validate and complement quantifications of aerosol hygroscopicity
from lidar measurements and also to extend the study both temporally and
spatially. The focus here is on 22 and 29 July 2011,
which were very humid days and characterized by a stable atmosphere and
increasing relative humidity with height in the planetary boundary layer
(PBL). Combined lidar and radiosonde (temperature and water vapor mixing
ratio) measurements allowed the retrieval of the Hänel hygroscopic
growth factor which agreed with that obtained from airborne in situ
measurements and also explained the significant increase of extinction and
backscattering with height. Airborne measurements also confirmed aerosol
hygroscopicity throughout the entire day in the PBL and identified sulfates
and water-soluble organic carbon as the main species of aerosol particles.
The combined Raman and HSRL-1 measurements permitted the inversion for
aerosol microphysical properties revealing an increase of particle radius
with altitude consistent with hygroscopic growth. Aerosol hygroscopicity
pattern served as a possible explanation of aerosol optical depth increases
during the day, particularly for fine-mode particles. Lidar measurements
were used as input to the libRadtran radiative transfer code to obtain
vertically resolved aerosol radiative effects and heating rates under dry
and humid conditions, and the results reveal that aerosol hygroscopicity is
responsible for larger cooling effects in the shortwave range (7–10 W m−2
depending on aerosol load) near the ground, while heating rates
produced a warming of 0.12 K d−1 near the top of PBL where aerosol
hygroscopic growth was highest.
Preconditioning of overcast-to-broken cloud transitions by riming in marine cold air outbreaks
Authors: Tornow Florian , Ackerman Andrew S. , Fridlind Ann M. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. Marine cold air outbreaks (CAOs) commonly form overcast cloud decks
that transition into broken cloud fields downwind, dramatically
altering the local radiation budget. In this study, we investigate
the impact of frozen hydrometeors on these transitions. We
focus on a CAO case in the NW Atlantic, the location of the multi-year
flight campaign ACTIVATE (Aerosol Cloud meTeorology Interactions oVer the western ATlantic Experiment). We use MERRA-2 (Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, version 2) reanalysis fields to drive large eddy simulations with mixed-phase two-moment microphysics in a
Lagrangian framework. We find that transitions are triggered by
substantial rain (rainwater paths >25 g m−2), and only
simulations that allow for aerosol depletion result in sustained
breakups, as observed. Using a range of diagnostic ice nucleating particle
concentrations, Ninp, we find that increasing ice progressively
accelerates transitions, thus abbreviating the overcast state. Ice
particles affect the cloud-topped boundary layer evolution, primarily
through riming-related processes prior to substantial rain, leading to
(1) a reduction in cloud liquid water, (2) early consumption of
cloud condensation nuclei, and (3) early and light precipitation
cooling and moistening below cloud. We refer to these three effects
collectively as “preconditioning by riming”. Greater boundary layer aerosol concentrations available as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) delay the onset of substantial rain. However, cloud breakup and low CCN concentration final
stages are found to be inevitable in this case, due, primarily, to liquid water path buildup. An ice-modulated cloud transition speed suggests the possibility of a negative cloud–climate feedback. To address prevailing uncertainties in the model representation of mixed-phase processes, the magnitude of ice formation and riming impacts and, thereby, the strength of an associated negative cloud–climate feedback process, requires further
observational evaluation by targeting riming hot spots with in situ imaging probes that allow for both the characterization of ice particles and abundance of supercooled droplets.
The global forest above-ground biomass pool for 2010 estimated from high-resolution satellite observations
Authors: Santoro Maurizio , Cartus Oliver , Carvalhais Nuno , Rozendaal Danaë M. A. , Avitabile Valerio , Araza Arnan , de Bruin Sytze , Herold Martin , Quegan Shaun , Rodríguez-Veiga Pedro , Balzter Heiko , Carreiras João , Schepaschenko Dmitry , Korets Mikhail , Shimada Masanobu , Itoh Takuya , Moreno Martínez Álvaro , Cavlovic Jura , Cazzolla Gatti Roberto , da Conceição Bispo Polyanna , Dewnath Nasheta , Labrière Nicolas , Liang Jingjing , Lindsell Jeremy , Mitchard Edward T. A. , Morel Alexandra , Pacheco Pascagaza Ana Maria , Ryan Casey M. , Slik Ferry , Vaglio Laurin Gaia , Verbeeck Hans , Wijaya Arief , Willcock Simon 
Published: August 2021

Abstract. The terrestrial forest carbon pool is poorly quantified,
in particular in regions with low forest inventory capacity. By combining
multiple satellite observations of synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
backscatter around the year 2010, we generated a global, spatially explicit
dataset of above-ground live biomass (AGB; dry mass) stored in forests with a spatial
resolution of 1 ha. Using an extensive database of
110 897 AGB measurements
from field inventory plots, we show that the spatial patterns and magnitude
of AGB are well captured in our map with the exception of regional
uncertainties in high-carbon-stock forests with AGB >250 Mg ha−1, where the retrieval was effectively based on a single radar
observation. With a total global AGB of 522 Pg, our estimate of the
terrestrial biomass pool in forests is lower than most estimates published
in the literature (426–571 Pg). Nonetheless, our dataset increases
knowledge on the spatial distribution of AGB compared to the Global Forest
Resources Assessment (FRA) by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
and highlights the impact of a country's national inventory capacity on the
accuracy of the biomass statistics reported to the FRA. We also reassessed
previous remote sensing AGB maps and identified major biases compared to
inventory data, up to 120 % of the inventory value in dry tropical
forests, in the subtropics and temperate zone. Because of the high level of
detail and the overall reliability of the AGB spatial patterns, our global
dataset of AGB is likely to have significant impacts on climate, carbon, and
socio-economic modelling schemes and provides a crucial baseline in future
carbon stock change estimates. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.894711
(Santoro, 2018).
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF MULTILAYER PERCEPTRON ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODEL IN THE CLASSIFICATION OF HEART FAILURE
Authors: KAYA Mehmet Onur 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the classification performance of heart failure using the MLP ANN model on an open-access “heart failure clinical records” data set, as well as to identify risk factors that may be linked to heart failure.
Material and Methods: The open-access “heart failure” data collection MLP ANN model was used to classify nephritis of the renal pelvis, and risk factors that may be involved were discovered. Different output metrics are used to demonstrate MLP ANN's progress.
Results: It has been shown that the classification of renal pelvic nephritis is quite high with MLP ANN model (AUC = 0.925, Accuracy = 93.9%, Balanced Accuracy = 89.2%, Sensitivity = 98.4%, Specificity = 80.0%). Furthermore, the MLP ANN model showed that “time” is the most significant variable among the risk factors linked to heart failure.
Conclusion: Consequently, in the analysis with the heart failure data collection, the MLP ANN model generated very positive results. Moreover, this model has gained important information in identifying risk factors that may be associated with heart failure. Thus, it has been understood that the relevant model will provide reliable information about any disease to be used in preventive medicine practices.
Learning Goes On: Students’ Attitudes and Perceptions in the Implementation of the Modular Distance Learning During Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bordeos Michael L. 
Published: August 2021

The widespread COVID-19 pandemic has affected academia, parents, and students. Due to the sudden closure of schools, students are missing social interaction which is vital for better learning while most schools were forced to move from face-to-face (FTF) in-classroom to remote instruction. This has become a tough routine for the students working modular learning at home since they have to ensure continuing their education. The purpose of this study was to investigate students’ attitudes towards the implementation of the Modular Distance in remote learning, and their perceptions of its effects on their learning and engagement in comparison to FTF learning. A quantitative survey was utilized to determine the students’ attitudes and perceptions in the implementation of modular distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Convenience non-probability sampling technique was used for data collection with one hundred respondents participated in this study. Data were collected using a 5-point Likert-type survey. The results indicated that students perceived that the implementation of Modular Distance Learning (MDL) can be used as supportive learning delivery modality during the new normal teaching, however, they faced numerous challenges in using the said modality in learning. Thus, students had a negative attitude toward the implementation of Modular Distance Learning and perceived it as having a negative effect on their learning experience and their motivation to learn. Students listed flexibility as the main advantage to using Self-Learning Modules for MDL.