bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in severe mental illness: A timely diagnosis to advance the process of quitting smoking
Authors: Jaen-Moreno M. J. , Feu N. , del Pozo G. I. , Gómez C. , Carrión L. , Chauca G. M. , Guler I. , Montiel F. J. , Sánchez M.D. , Alcalá J. A. , Gutierrez-Rojas L. , Molina V. , Bobes J. , Balanzá-Martínez V. , Ruiz-Rull C. , Sarramea F. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Background
This study has two main objectives: to describe the prevalence of undetected chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a clinical sample of smokers with severe mental illness (SMI), and to assess the value of the Tobacco Intensive Motivational Estimated Risk tool, which informs smokers of their respiratory risk and uses brief text messages to reinforce intervention.

Method
A multicenter, randomized, open-label, and active-controlled clinical trial, with a 12-month follow-up. Outpatients with schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder were randomized either to the experimental group—studied by spirometry and informed of their calculated lung age and degree of obstruction (if any)—or to the active control group, who followed the 5 A’s intervention.

Results
The study sample consisted of 160 patients (71.9% SZ), 78.1% of whom completed the 12-month follow-up. Of the patients who completed the spirometry test, 23.9% showed evidence of COPD (77.8% in moderate or severe stages). TIMER was associated with a significant reduction in tobacco use at week 12 and in the long term, 21.9% of patients reduced consumption and 14.6% at least halved it. At week 48, six patients (7.3%) allocated to the experimental group achieved the seven-day smoking abstinence confirmed by CO (primary outcome in terms of efficacy), compared to three (3.8%) in the control group.

Conclusion
In this clinical pilot trial, one in four outpatients with an SMI who smoked had undiagnosed COPD. An intensive intervention tool favors the early detection of COPD and maintains its efficacy to quit smoking, compared with the standard 5 A’s intervention.
Chalcogen-Containing Hole Transporting Materials
Authors: García-Benito Inés , Urieta-Mora Javier , Molina-Ontoria Agustín , Martín Nazario 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This review summarizes our recent achievements in the development of new chalcogen-containing materials employed as hole-transporting materials (HTMs) in efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Following a simple and inexpensive synthetic methodology we prepared new heterocycle-based HTMs with comparable photovoltaic (PV) behaviour to the widely used spiro-OMeTAD. In particular, new star-shaped HTMs have been obtained through an easy synthetic route by crosslinking electron-donor groups with a central scaffold. As sulfur-containing cores, benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b′:5,6-b′′]trithiophene (BTT) and the corresponding isomers (bbb-BTT and bbc-BTT), thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (TbT), cyclooctatetrathiophene (CoTh), anthra[1,2-b:4,3-b′:5,6-b′′:8,7-b′′′]tetrathiophene (ATT), dibenzothieno[1,2-b:4,3-b′:6,7-b′′:9,8-b′′′]quinquethiophene (DBQT), dibenzothieno[3,2-b]thiophen[1,2-b:4,3-b′:6,7-b′′:9,8-b′′′]sexithiophene (DBST) and thioxanthone have been employed. To extend the comparison, HTMs with heteroatoms such as oxygen or selenium in the central unit, namely xanthone (BX), benzotrifuran (BTF) or benzotriselenophene (BTSe), were also designed, synthesized and employed in PSCs.
Currently, there is no doubt that organic compounds are an important part of the PSCs architecture. Nevertheless, the future commercialization of PSCs is driven by the development of HTMs away from the comprehension of structure-property relationships. Therefore, our main goal is to contribute to a better understanding of the chemistry behind competitive HTMs and provide a clear picture of the effect of chalcogen-containing HTMs in device performances.
Imaging features and atypical signs of symptomatic vertebral haemangioma: a retrospective single-centre analysis of 118 patients
Authors: Zhang Lihua , Wang Ben , Han Songbo , Yang Shaomin , Jiang Liang , Yuan Huishu , Liu Zhongjun 
Published: February 2021

Objectives:
Symptomatic vertebral haemangioma (SVH) can present with atypical imaging features. Thus, this study analysed the imaging features of SVH using CT and MRI to improve SVH awareness.

Methods:
We retrospectively analysed CT and MRI characteristics of 118 patients with clinically and pathologically confirmed SVH.

Results:
Overall, 118 patients were diagnosed with SVH, including 79 females and 39 males (mean age, 45.76 ± 16.36 years). The thoracic spine (n = 86) was the most common location of SVH, followed by the lumbar spine (n = 17). Involvement of multiple spinal segments was observed in 15 patients (12.71%). A total of 101 lesions (85.59%) were centred in the vertebral body, 15 lesions (12.71%) were centred in the posterior attachment, and two lesions (2%) were centred in the paraspinal region. CT showed 39 lesions (33.05%) without a typical honeycomb or polka-dot pattern. Compression fracture was observed in 23 patients (19.49%). Extraosseous extension was present in 111 patients (94.1%), and 17 lesions (14.41%) presented with foraminal extension. Epidural bony compression was observed in 46 patients (38.98%). 20 lesions (16.95%) had atypical T 2 weighted MRI signals, and 8 lesions (10.26%) showed atypical enhancement.

Conclusion:
SVH was predominantly located in the thoracic spine. Involvement of multiple segments, posterior attachment localisation, absence of honeycomb or polka-dot signs, compression fracture, and atypical T 2 weighted imaging signals and enhancement were uncommon. Epidural bony compression was not uncommon and has important clinical significance.

Advances in knowledge:
The imaging features of SVHs are not fully understood. We examined the largest series of SVH cases reported to date.
Case Report: An association of the gubernacular canal, supernumerary tooth and odontoma with an impacted canine on cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Elsayed Lubna K. , El Khateeb Sara M. , Alzahrani Suzan A. , ALHarthi Shatha Subhi , Ba-Hattab Raidan 
Published: February 2021

This report describes a clinical case of asymptomatic compound odontoma in the anterior left side of the maxilla associated with an impacted canine and supernumerary tooth with a gubernacular canal of a 47- year-old female with no relevant medical history. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed for precise three-dimensional localization of each structure and assessment of their spatial relationship with the associated structures before surgery. The treatment protocol involved surgical enucleation of the odontoma and open extraction of both impacted and supernumerary teeth. The patient had uneventful healing and proceeded with the prosthodontic treatment plan. The dentist should be aware of the probability of a close relationship between the development of odontoma and presence of the gubernacular tract, which could be used as a future radiographic diagnostic criterion of an odontoma. Also, we recommend that more studies be performed in this field to deeply analyze the imaging characteristics of GT and its spatial association with various pathological lesions in the future.
Case Report: The importance of examining colon and rectum in patients with appendiceal cancer
Authors: Reistrup Hugin , Fonnes Siv , Rosenberg Jacob , Andresen Kristoffer 
Published: February 2021

Appendiceal cancer is rare and is often diagnosed incidentally in patients undergoing appendectomy for acute appendicitis. However, patients with appendiceal cancer are at increased risk of synchronous malignancy. In this case report, we present a 58-year-old man initially diagnosed with acute appendicitis after presenting to the emergency department with abdominal pain. He had an appendectomy and was discharged the following day. Unexpectedly, the postoperative histopathologic examination showed a primary adenocarcinoma in the appendix. A computed tomography scan showed rectal wall thickening and the patient was referred to colonoscopy where an experienced endoscopist found a rectal tumor during the digital rectal examination prior to the colonoscopy. The tumor was initially missed by the newly qualified doctor who examined the patient during his first admittance to hospital. The patient’s two primary cancers were treated with a laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for the appendiceal cancer and a low anterior resection for the rectal cancer. This case supports the importance of a full colorectal workup in patients with appendiceal cancer. It also emphasizes the value of a thorough digital rectal examination and the need for improved focus on teaching and practice of the procedure.
Optimal Growth in Two-Sided Markets
Authors: Lian Zhen , van Ryzin Garrett 
Published: February 2021

We develop a theoretical model of optimal growth in two-sided markets. The model posits that market output (number of transactions) is a function of the stock of supply and demand. This market output is modeled using a homogeneous production function, which can have increasing or decreasing returns to scale. The supply and demand stock levels follow a growth model in which the rate of growth at each point in time is a function of both the surplus each side of the market receives and the attrition of supply and demand (supply and demand lifetimes). The surplus can be apportioned between the two sides of the market by changing the price paid to sellers and the price charged to buyers, which we assume the platform controls. Through these price levers, the platform can pay subsidies to one or both sides of the market. We investigate the behavior of optimal market growth, including the point at which the market becomes self-sustaining and the long-run optimal size of the market. We characterize the optimal balance between supply and demand as the market size grows and determine optimal subsidy policies that maximize discounted total profit. For the case of both increasing and decreasing returns without price constraints, we show the optimal policy is to grow using an impulse of subsidy spending (a subsidy shock) to move the market immediately to its optimal long-run size. This result is consistent with the race to growth observed in many two-sided markets like ride-sharing. This paper was accepted by Gabriel Weintraub, revenue management and market analytics.
Valuation Uncertainty and Short-Sales Constraints: Evidence from the IPO Aftermarket
Authors: Patatoukas Panos N. , Sloan Richard G. , Wang Annika Yu 
Published: February 2021

We use the initial public offering (IPO) setting to provide evidence that the combination of valuation uncertainty and short-sales constraints generates significant equity market mispricing. The IPOs that we predict to be most susceptible to overpricing in the immediate aftermarket have first-day returns of +47% and lockup expiration returns of [Formula: see text]9%. Our detailed analysis of securities lending market data confirms that these IPOs experience severe short-sales constraints that peak around the lockup expiration. Our paper both explains the anomalous pricing of IPOs and highlights the importance of valuation uncertainty and short-sales constraints in explaining equity mispricing. This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting.
Harnessing digital health to objectively assess cancer-related fatigue: The impact of fatigue on mobility performance
Authors: Sada Yvonne H. , Poursina Olia , Zhou He , Workeneh Biruh T. , Maddali Sandhya V. , Najafi Bijan 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveCancer-related fatigue (CRF) is highly prevalent among cancer survivors, which may have long-term effects on physical activity and quality of life. CRF is assessed by self-report or clinical observation, which may limit timely diagnosis and management. In this study, we examined the effect of CRF on mobility performance measured by a wearable pendant sensor.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of a clinical trial evaluating the benefit of exercise in cancer survivors with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). CRF status was classified based on a Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) score ≤ 33. Among 28 patients (age = 65.7±9.8 years old, BMI = 26.9±4.1kg/m2, sex = 32.9%female) with database variables of interest, twenty-one subjects (75.9%) were classified as non-CRF. Mobility performance, including behavior (sedentary, light, and moderate to vigorous activity (MtV)), postures (sitting, standing, lying, and walking), and locomotion (e.g., steps, postural transitions) were measured using a validated pendant-sensor over 24-hours. Baseline psychosocial, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–General (FACT-G), Falls Efficacy Scale–International (FES-I), and motor-capacity assessments including gait (habitual speed, fast speed, and dual-task speed) and static balance were also performed.ResultsBoth groups had similar baseline clinical and psychosocial characteristics, except for body-mass index (BMI), FACT-G, FACIT-F, and FES-I (p<0.050). The groups did not differ on motor-capacity. However, the majority of mobility performance parameters were different between groups with large to very large effect size, Cohen’s d ranging from 0.91 to 1.59. Among assessed mobility performance, the largest effect sizes were observed for sedentary-behavior (d= 1.59,p= 0.006), light-activity (d= 1.48,p= 0.009), and duration of sitting+lying (d= 1.46,p= 0.016). The largest correlations between mobility performance and FACIT-F were observed for sitting+lying (rho = -0.67,p<0.001) and the number of steps per day (rho = 0.60,p= 0.001).ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that sensor-based mobility performance monitoring could be considered as a potential digital biomarker for CRF assessment. Future studies warrant evaluating utilization of mobility performance to track changes in CRF over time, response to CRF-related interventions, and earlier detection of CRF.
Computational screening of potential glioma-related genes and drugs based on analysis of GEO dataset and text mining
Authors: Jiang Zhengye , Shi Yanxi , Tan Guowei , Wang Zhanxiang 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundConsidering the high invasiveness and mortality of glioma as well as the unclear key genes and signaling pathways involved in the development of gliomas, there is a strong need to find potential gene biomarkers and available drugs.MethodsEight glioma samples and twelve control samples were analyzed on the GSE31095 datasets, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained via the R software. The related glioma genes were further acquired from the text mining. Additionally, Venny program was used to screen out the common genes of the two gene sets and DAVID analysis was used to conduct the corresponding gene ontology analysis and cell signal pathway enrichment. We also constructed the protein interaction network of common genes through STRING, and selected the important modules for further drug-gene analysis. The existing antitumor drugs that targeted these module genes were screened to explore their efficacy in glioma treatment.ResultsThe gene set obtained from text mining was intersected with the previously obtained DEGs, and 128 common genes were obtained. Through the functional enrichment analysis of the identified 128 DEGs, a hub gene module containing 25 genes was obtained. Combined with the functional terms in GSE109857 dataset, some overlap of the enriched function terms are both in GSE31095 and GSE109857. Finally, 4 antitumor drugs were identified through drug-gene interaction analysis.ConclusionsIn this study, we identified that two potential genes and their corresponding four antitumor agents could be used as targets and drugs for glioma exploration.
Cervical transcutaneous vagal neuromodulation in chronic pancreatitis patients with chronic pain: A randomised sham controlled clinical trial
Authors: Muthulingam Janusiya Anajan , Olesen Søren Schou , Hansen Tine Maria , Brock Christina , Drewes Asbjørn Mohr , Frøkjær Jens Brøndum 
Published: February 2021

Background & aimsChronic abdominal pain is the primary symptom of chronic pancreatitis, but unfortunately it is difficult to treat. Vagal nerve stimulation studies have provided evidence of anti-nociceptive effect in several chronic pain conditions. We investigated the pain-relieving effects of transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation in comparison to sham treatment in chronic pancreatitis patients.MethodsWe conducted a randomised double-blinded, sham-controlled, crossover trial in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Patients were randomly assigned to receive a two-week period of cervical transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation using the gammaCore device followed by a two-week sham stimulation, or vice versa. We measured clinical and experimental endpoints before and after each treatment. The primary clinical endpoint was pain relief, documented in a pain diary using a visual analogue scale. Secondary clinical endpoints included Patients’ Global Impression of Change score, quality of life and Brief Pain Inventory questionnaire. Secondary experimental endpoints included cardiac vagal tone and heart rate.ResultsNo differences in pain scores were seen in response to two weeks transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation as compared to sham treatment (difference in average pain score (visual analogue scale): 0.17, 95%CI (-0.86;1.20), P = 0.7). Similarly, no differences were seen for secondary clinical endpoints, except from an increase in the appetite loss score (13.9, 95%CI (0.5:27.3), P = 0.04). However, improvements in maximum pain scores were seen for transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation and sham treatments as compared to their respective baselines: vagal nerve stimulation (-1.3±1.7, 95%CI (-2.21:-0.42), P = 0.007), sham (-1.3±1.9, 95%CI (-2.28:-0.25), P = 0.018). Finally, heart rate was decreased after two weeks transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation in comparison to sham treatment (-3.7 beats/min, 95%CI (-6.7:-0.6), P = 0.02).ConclusionIn this sham-controlled crossover study, we found no evidence that two weeks transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation induces pain relief in patients with chronic pancreatitis.Trial registration numberThe study is registered atNCT03357029;www.clinicaltrials.gov.
»… zu direkt neutestamentlich«!? Bonhoeffer, das Alte Testament und die Frage einer biblischen Christologie
Authors: Crüsemann Frank 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In prison, Bonhoeffer reads the Old Testament over and over again. Implicitly, by doing that, he struggles for a new theological evaluation of Judaism of whose present fate he is well aware. In view of this, it is questionable whether Bonhoeffer's new theological insights can really be read from a dogmatically fixed Christology oriented solely on the New Testament. The examples of erotic love and blessing rather show that Bonhoeffer's idea of »all earthly life being utilized to testify« for God is entirely based on the diverse spectre of the Old Testament voices. When Bonhoeffer focuses on »who Christ actually is for us today«, or how central concepts of Christian soteriology such as »repentance, faith, justification, rebirth, sanctification« are to be interpreted »in a worldly sense« - and that means to him: »in the Old Testament sense« - then he does not read the Old Testament any longer with the lenses of a fixed Christology, as he has done for long in the shadow of Barth. Rather, he anticipates the basic insight of the later Jewish-Christian dialogue that the New Testament is essentially related to the Old Testament and Christianity thus stays dependent on Judaism and its truth.
Tidal Current Energy Resources Assessment in the Patinti Strait, Indonesia
Authors: Novico Franto , Sudjono Evi Hadrijantie , Egon Andi , Menier David , Methew Manoj , Pratama Munawir Bintang 
Published: February 2021

Indonesia is currently intensively developing its renewable energy resource and targets at least 23% by 2025. As an archipelago country, Indonesia has the potential to benefit from its abundant renewable energy resources from its offshore regions. However, the short tidal range of mixed semi-diurnal and the suitable tidal turbine capacity may hinder marine renewable energy development in Indonesian waters. This paper presents higher-order hydrodynamic numerical models to provide spatial information for tidal current resource assessment of the Patinti Strait. The present study applied the hydrographic and oceanographic method to produce input of the numerical model. Based on the selected simulation analysis, the highest current speed could be identified around Sabatang and Saleh Kecil Island with up to 2.5 m/s in P1 and 1.7 m/s in P4. Besides, the operational hours for the two observation points are 69% and 74.5%, respectively. The results indicate that this location is of prime interest for tidal turbine implementation as an energy source, for medium capacity (300 kW) and high capacity (1 MW).
Molecular analysis of cyclin D1 modulators PRKN and FBX4 as candidate tumor suppressors in sporadic parathyroid adenomas
Authors: Brewer Kelly , Nip Isabel , Bellizzi Justin , Costa-Guda Jessica , Arnold Andrew 
Published: February 2021

Objective
Primary hyperparathyroidism is most often caused by a sporadic single-gland parathyroid adenoma (PTA), a tumor type for which cyclin D1 is the only known and experimentally validated oncoprotein. However, the molecular origins of its frequent overexpression have remained mostly elusive. In this study, we explored a potential tumorigenic mechanism that could increase cyclin D1 stability through a defect in molecules responsible for its degradation.

Methods
We examined two tumor suppressor genes known to modulate cyclin D1 ubiquitination, PRKN and FBXO4 (FBX4), for evidence of classic two-hit tumor suppressor inactivation within a cohort of 82 PTA cases. We examined the cohort for intragenic inactivating and splice site mutations by Sanger sequencing and for locus-associated loss of heterozygosity (LOH) by microsatellite analysis.

Results
We identified no evidence of bi-allelic tumor suppressor inactivation of PRKN or FBXO4 via inactivating mutation or splice site perturbation, neither in combination with nor independent of LOH. Among the 82 cases, we encountered previously documented benign single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 35 tumors at frequencies similar to those reported in the germlines of the general population. Eight cases exhibited intragenic LOH at the PRKN locus, in some cases extending to cover at least an additional 1.7 Mb of chromosome 6q25-26. FBXO4 was not affected by LOH.

Conclusion:
The absence of evidence for specific bi-allelic inactivation in PRKN and FBXO4 in this sizeable cohort suggests that these genes only rarely, if ever, serve as classic driver tumor suppressors responsible for the growth of PTAs.