bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Consistent Condom Use Among Filipino Women: Results From the 2017 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Pepito Veincent Christian F. , Amit Arianna Maever L. , Tang Clinton S. , Molen Ryan Gabriel C. , Co Luis Miguel B. , Aliazas Neil Andrew Kiamco , Reyes Sarah J. De Los , Sumpaico-Tanchanco Lourdes Bernadette 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Consistent condom use had been perennially low in the Philippines, despite being a tested and proven public health intervention to prevent unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. Considering the high fertility rate, teenage pregnancy rate, and the rapidly increasing incidence of HIV in the country, we identify the determinants of consistent condom use in the country. Methods: We used data from the individual recode of the 2017 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey. We used logistic regression for survey data to identify factors associated with consistent condom use. Results: Out of 25,074 respondents, only 261 (1.13%) have used condoms consistently with their most recent partner. Reach of information and education campaigns on contraceptive use via different media ranged from 62% via television to 7% via SMS. After adjusting for confounders, those who were able to ask their partners to use condoms during sexual intercourse has 6.10 times (adjusted odds ratio: 6.10; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): 2.00. 18.61) odds of consistent condom use than those who were unable to ask their partners to use condoms during sexual intercourse. Meanwhile, HIV knowledge (aOR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.39), hearing about contraception in television (aOR: 1.54; 95% CI: 0.99, 2.39), age (aOR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.00), and number of children (aOR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.98, 1.20) have borderline significant associations with consistent condom use. Conclusions: The low percentage of those who use condoms consistently, together with the low reach of information and education campaigns highlight the need to further intensify information and education campaigns to promote consistent condom use. Interventions to improve sexual agency and promote HIV knowledge should be implemented to address the burden of unwanted pregnancies and HIV in the Philippines.
Complete Genome Sequence of Escherichia Coli Strain S9922 Isolated from Meningitis in Calf and Comparative Genomic Analysis with Other E. Coli Pathotypes
Authors: Li Beibei , Ren Jingjing , Ma Xun , Qin Qian , Wang Xinyu , Jiang Jianjun , Wang Pengyan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) exists in the normal intestinal flora, but can invade and colonize extraintestinal sites and cause a wide range of infections. Genomic analysis of ExPEC has mainly focused on isolates of human, poultry and pig. In recent years, some large-scale dairy farms in Xinjiang broke out cases characterized by neurological symptoms and acute death in newborn calves. To better understand the genomic attributes underlying the pathogenicity of bovine-source ExPEC, a highly virulent strain, which named E. coli S9922 was isolated from cerebral effusion in a calf that died of meningitis, was sequenced and analyzed.Results: Using single-molecule sequencing technology on PacBio and then assembled, the genes were predicted and annotated. The whole genome of E.coli S9922 was consisted of a chromosome and three plasmids containing 5055 genes, and the total length was 5269374 bp and the average G+C content was 50.82%. In addition, 291 host-, 204 virulence-, and 185 resistance-related genes, and 182 T3SS effector proteins were found by comparison with related databases. Comparison of this genome to 16 representative strains of pathogenic E.coli genomic sequences showed that E.coli S9922 had the greatest co-linearity with E.coli 90-9272. In addition, Core genes obtained by cluster analysis of E.coli S9922 homologous genes were classified, a total of 2570, 2780, and 2188 genes were obtained via COG, KEGG, and GO comparisons, respectively. The unique genes identified by homologous cluster analysis were classified 204, 550, 239 genes in COG, KEGG, and GO comparisons, respectively. Evolutionary tree analysis revealed a close evolutionary relationship between E.coli S9922 and E.coli 90-9272, and a distant relationship between E.coli S9922 and UTI89.Conclusions: The study provide dgenomics of E.coli S9922 strain from the cattle that had died of meningitis. It enriched the genome data of E.coli and laid a theoretical foundation for further experimental study of ExPEC. Comparative genomics analysis showed that E.coli S9922 had a close evolutionary relationship with E.coli 90-9272, but far from that of UTI89.
Molecular Phylogenies Map to Biogeography Better than Morphological Ones
Authors: Oyston Jack , Wilkinson Mark , Ruta Marcello , Wills Matthew 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Phylogenetic relationships are inferred principally from two classes of data: morphological and molecular. Most current phylogenies of extant taxa are inferred from molecules, and when morphological and molecular trees conflict the latter are often preferred. Although supported by simulations, the superiority of molecular trees has never been assessed empirically. Here we test phylogenetic accuracy using two independent data sources: biogeographical distributions and fossil first occurrences. For 48 pairs of morphological and molecular trees, we show that molecular trees are, on average, significantly more biogeographically congruent than their morphological counterparts. We also report an increase in the biogeographical congruence of phylogenies over research time. We find no significant differences in stratigraphical congruence between morphological and molecular trees. These findings have implications for understanding homoplasy in morphological data sets, the utility of morphology as a test of molecular hypotheses, and the difficulty of analysing fossil groups for which molecular data are unavailable.
Various Expression and Clinical Significance of Checkpoint Molecules in Advanced Osteosarcoma: Possibilities for Novel Immunotherapy
Authors: Xie Lu , Chen Chenglong , Liang Xin , Xu Jie , Sun Xin , Sun Kunkun , Yang Rongli , Tang Xiaodong , Guo Wei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The fact that studies on anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) or its relevant ligand 1 (PD-L1) have yielded such few responses greatly decreases the confidence in immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors for advanced osteosarcoma. We examined 35 advanced osteosarcoma specimens, characterized the expression of various checkpoint molecules with immunohistochemistry and analyzed the relationship of the expression of these checkpoint molecules with patients’ clinical courses. Methods: Immunohistochemistry for B7-H3, CD47, PD-L1, TIM3, TGF-β, CXCR 4, CD27, IDO1, KIRs and SDF-1 was performed on 35 resected advanced osteosarcoma specimens. Associations between the marker levels and clinicopathological variables and survival were evaluated. Results: The positive rates of B7-H3, CD47, PD-L1, TIM3, and TGF-β expression in this sample of 35 heavily treated osteosarcomas were 29% (10/35), 15% (5/35), 9% (3/35), 6% (2/35) and 6% (2/35), respectively, and diverse staining intensities were observed. Among these advanced patients, 15/35 (43%) had positive checkpoint expression, of whom 33% (5/15) showed evidence of the coexpression of more than 1 checkpoint molecule. We did not find any obvious correlation with clinicopathological characteristics and the positive expression of these molecules; however, for this small sample, a tendency for benefiting from anti-PD-1 therapy was observed in patients with positive B7-H3 expression (P = 0.057). Conclusions: Our study first reported that only a small subset of progressive osteosarcomas expressed tumor immune-associated checkpoint molecules. Those osteosarcomas that had ever been responsive to anti-PD-1 therapy usually had evidence of the coexpression of multiple checkpoint molecules.
Immunogenicity, Safety and Antiphospholipid Antibodies After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Patients With Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Authors: Signorelli Flavio , Balbi Gustavo Guimarães Moreira , Aikawa Nadia Emi , Silva Clovis Artur Almeida , Kupa Léonard de Vinci Kanda , Medeiros-Ribeiro Ana Cristina , Yuki Emily Figueiredo Neves , Pasoto Sandra Gofinet , Saad Carla Gonçalves Schahin , Borba Eduardo Ferreira , Seguro Luciana Parente Costa , Pedrosa Tatiana , Oliveira Vitor Antonio de Angeli , Costa Ana Luisa Cerqueira de Sant’Ana , Ribeiro Carolina Torres , Santos Roseli Eliana Beseggio , Andrade Danieli Castro Oliveira , Bonfa Eloisa 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has an increased risk of coagulopathy with high frequency of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). The recent reports of thrombosis associated with the adenovirus-based vaccines raises concern that SARS-CoV-2 immunization in primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) patients may trigger a dysregulated immune response with possible clotting complications. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to assess immunogenicity, aPL production and safety of Sinovac-Coronavac in PAPS patients.Methods: This prospective controlled phase 4 study of SARS-CoV-2-naïve PAPS patients and a control group (CG) consisted of a two-dose Sinovac-CoronaVac (D0/D28) and blood collection before vaccination (D0), at D28 and 6 weeks after second dose (D69) for immunogenicity/aPL levels. Outcomes were seroconversion (SC) rates of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1/S2 IgG and/or neutralizing antibodies (NAb) at D28/D69. Safety and aPL production were also assessed. Results: Forty-four PAPS patients and 132 CG had comparable age (p=0.982) and sex (p>0.999). At D69, both groups had high and comparable SC (83.9% vs. 93.5%, p=0.092) and GMT [50.2(95%CI 34.5-73.2) vs. 61.7 (95%CI 52.8-72.3), p=0.249] as well as NAb positivity (77.4% vs. 78.7%, p=0.440), and NAb-activity [64.3% (49.0-77.0) vs. 60.9% (45.6-81.3), p=0.689]. Of note, for D28, the antibody response was very low and also similar in both groups SC (25.8% vs. 30.6% p=0.609). Antiphospholipid levels remained stable throughout the study at D0 vs D28 vs D69 (IgG aCL, p=0.058; IgM aCL, p=0.091; IgG aβ2GPI, p=0.513 and IgM aβ2GPI, p=0.468). Thrombotic event up to 6 months or other moderate/severe side effects were not observed.Conclusions: We provide novel evidence that Sinovac-CoronaVac vaccine has a high immunogenicity and excellent safety profile in PAPS. We further demonstrated that this vaccine did not trigger thrombosis or induced changes in aPL-related antibodies production. Our findings strongly support the recommendation of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for PAPS patients.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov - Identifier: NCT04754698 first registered on February 8th, 2021.
Cell Type Matters: Competence For Alkaloid Metabolism Differs In Two Seed-Derived Cell Strains of Catharanthus Roseus.
Authors: Raorane Manish L. , Manz Christina , Hildebrandt Sarah , Mielke Marion , Thieme Marc , Keller Judith , Bunzel Mirko , Nick Peter 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Since the discovery of the anticancer drugs vinblastine and vincristine, Catharanthus roseus has been intensively studied for biosynthesis of several terpene indole alkaloids (TIAs). Due to their low abundance in plant tissues at a simultaneously high demand, modes of production alternative to conventional extraction are mandatory. Plant cell fermentation might become one of these alternatives, yet decades of research have shown limited success to certain product classes, leading to the question, how to preserve the intrinsic ability to produce TIAs (metabolic competence) in cell culture? We used the strategy to use the developmental potency of mature embryos to generate such strains. Two cell strains (C1and C4) from seeds of Catharanthus roseus were found not only to differ morphologically, but also in their metabolic competence. This differential competence became manifest under phytohormone elicitation, but also upon feeding with alkaloid pathway precursors. The more active strain C4 formed larger cell aggregates and was endowed with longer mitochondria. These cellular features were accompanied by higher alkaloid accumulation in response to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) elicitation. The levels of catharanthine could be increased significantly, while the concurrent vindoline branch of the pathway was blocked, such that no bisindole alkaloids were detectable. By feeding vindoline to MeJA elicited C4 cells, vincristine became detectable; however, only to marginal amounts. In conclusion, these results show that cultured cells are not just “de-differentiated”, but can differ in metabolic competence. In addition to elicitation, and precursor feeding, the cellular properties of the “biomatter” are highly relevant for the success of plant cell fermentation.
Transcriptional Profiles of Long Non-coding RNAs Involved in Fatty Acid Biosynthesis at Filling Stage of Soybean Pods
Authors: Ma Bohan , Li Yue , Khalifa Mohamed , Teng Meng , Zhang Aijing , Zhao Qiuzhu , Lamboro Abraham , Yao Dan , Zhang Jun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs of more than 200 nucleotides. To date, the roles of lncRNAs in soybean fatty acid synthesis have not been fully studied. Here, the low-linolenic acid ‘mutant 72’ (MT72) and the wild-type control ‘JiNong 18’(JN18) were used. Based on the previously published data on lncRNAs related RNA-seq in young pods of soybean 30 d to 40 d after flowering, lncRNAs and mRNAs from soybean pods 50 d after flowering were identified using high-throughput sequencing. The possible target genes of lncRNAs were predicted, and the functions related to fatty acid synthesis were analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG).Results: A total of 10,500 lncRNAs and 54,370 mRNAs were identified, and 115 possible target genes of 1,805 differentially expressed lncRNAs were found to be involved in fatty acid synthesis. A network of lncRNAs and mRNAs was constructed, and a total of 604 lncRNAs and 1,484 mRNAs had regulatory relationships. Among them, 115 target genes of 77 lncRNAs were directly or indirectly involved in fatty acid biosynthesis.Conclusions: The function related to fatty acid synthesis was predicted by differential expression of the target gene mRNAs interacting with lncRNAs. In conclusion, our results provide a theoretical basis for studies on fatty acid synthesis of lncRNAs in soybean.
Transcriptome and physiological analysis of increase in drought stress tolerance by melatonin in tomato
Authors: Yang Lu , Bu Sijia , Zhao Shengxue , Wang Ning , Xiao Jiaxin , He Feng , Zhang Xiaoping , Wan Fengying , Kang Lin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Drought stress seriously affects tomato growth, yield and quality. Previous reports have pointed out that melatonin (MT) can alleviate drought stress damage to tomato. To better understand the possible physiological and molecular mechanisms, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and leaf transcriptome profiles were analyzed in the “Micro Tom” tomato cultivar with or without melatonin irrigation under normal and drought conditions. Polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000) simulated continuous drought treatment reduced plant height, but melatonin treatment improved plant growth rate. Physiological parameter measurements revealed that the drought-induced decreases in maximum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry, the effective quantum yield of PSII, electron transfer rate, and photochemical quenching value caused by PEG6000 treatment were alleviated by melatonin treatment, which suggests a protective effect of melatonin on PSII. Comparative transcriptome analysis identified 447, 3982, 4526 and 3258 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the comparative groups plus-melatonin vs. minus-melatonin (no drought), drought vs. no drought (minus-melatonin), drought vs. no drought (melatonin) and plus-melatonin vs. minus-melatonin (drought), respectively. Furthermore, 101 DEGs were common to these four comparative groups. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that DEGs in the four comparative groups were involved in multiple metabolic processes and closely related to hormone signal transduction and transcription factors. These results provide new insights into a probable mechanism of the melatonin-induced protection of photosynthesis and enhancement of drought tolerance in tomato plants.
Emergency-Department Initiated Buprenorphine: Impact on Quality of Life Factors
Authors: Carroll Caleb , Hand Delissa , Covington Whitney , Rodgers Joel , Walter Lauren A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Emergency department (ED)-initiated medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) have emerged as an effective strategy against the opioid epidemic. Opioid use disorder (OUD) patients engaged in ED-initiated MOUD programs have higher retention in treatment programs and improved outcomes with regard to overdose rates and mortality. It is unclear however, how engagement in ED-initiated MOUD programs might affect quality of life (QoL). We sought to describe demographic characteristics and QoL factors reported by patients engaged in ED-initiated MOUD and referral services. Methods: An ED MOUD-initiation program was launched in July 2019, with subsequent referral to definitive services. Enrolled patients were interviewed at intake, 3-months, and 6-months to ascertain QoL indices via the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) measures. Descriptive statistics and Fisher’s Exact were utilized to assess the data. Results: Through 12/2020, 89 participants were enrolled. The majority were white (85.4%), male (61.8%), and between the ages of 25-44 (75.3%). To-date, 31 participants (43.7% eligible) have completed 3-month follow-up and 28 (45.2% eligible) have competed 6-month follow-up. With regards to assessed QoL factors, over half demonstrated significant improvement, including 5 of 7 psychosocial factors, to include satisfaction with personal relationships, QoL self-rating, satisfaction with personal health, energy for everyday life, and satisfaction with self (p <.05). Financial needs met was the only objective QoL factor to demonstrate significant improvement during the follow-up time period. While not significant, homelessness also decreased, specifically 14 (15.7%) identified as homeless at intake as compared to one (3.7%) at 6-month follow-up. Additional trends toward decreased violence exposure and increased employment rates were also noted.Conclusions: In addition to decreasing illicit opioid drug use, maintenance of ED-initiated MOUD may positively impact broad QoL measures.
Correlation between Spatial Fractal and Temporal Chaos During the Sliding Wear Process of AISI 5120 Steel
Authors: Ding Cong , Zhou Zhenyu , Piao Zhongyu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to establish the relationship between surface morphology and friction coefficient in the wear process. Different wear stage tests of AISI 52100 ring sliding against AISI 5120 disc were designed and conducted on a rotating setup. The fractal and chaos theories were employed to study the nonlinear features of surface structure and friction signal from spatial and temporal scales. The results showed that 3D surface morphology has fractal nature. The fractal dimension Ds first increased and then stabilized at a maximum and finally decreases dramatically. The multifractal spectrum width Δα presented an contrary evolution trend. The friction coefficient signal has chaotic nature. The standard deviation of distance matrix STD obeyed the evolution rule of a bathtub curve. The correlation value between Ds and STD was − 0.7727, and the correlation value between Δα and STD was 0.7130. The strong correlation between spatial and temporal scales is beneficial to on-line recognition and prediction of wear states in real time.
Association Between Awareness of Basic Public Health Services And Vaccination Rates Among Migrants In China: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Jun , Zhu Jingmin , Bai Yang , Wang Xueyao , Che Yue , Liu Jue 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Cross-sectional studies about association between awareness of basic public health services and vaccination rates among migrants were lacking. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between awareness of the BPHSs project and vaccination rates among the migrants in China. We included 10013 respondents aged 15 years old or above of eight provinces from 2017 Migrant Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey in China, a nationwide cross-sectional study. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess the association between awareness of basic public health services and vaccination rates. Among 10013 migrants, 76.48% were aware of the BPHSs project. Female, the middle-aged, married or having a relationship, the highly educated and the healthy population had higher awareness of this project than others. Multivariable logistic regressions showed that there were significant associations between the awareness of BPHSs project and vaccination rates of eight recommended vaccines (all p values <0.001), including HepA vaccine (OR: 1.54, 95%CI: 1.38-1.73), FIn vaccine (OR: 1.28, 95%CI: 1.13-1.44), JE vaccine (OR: 1.33, 95%CI: 1.14-1.54), TIG vaccine (OR: 1.28, 95%CI: 1.11-1.48), HepB vaccine (OR: 1.11, 95%CI: 1.01-1.22), DTaP vaccine (OR: 1.22, 95%CI: 1.05-1.43), MPSV vaccine (OR: 1.28, 95%CI: 1.08-1.51), HF vaccine (OR: 1.32, 95%CI: 1.03-1.70), except for JE vaccine. The results were robust in the sensitivity analysis. There was a strong relationship between the awareness rate of BPHSs project in the migrants and vaccination. Our findings indicated that the promotion of basic public health services had a beneficial effect on the national recommended vaccination coverage, especially for the migrants with relatively low vaccine coverage.