bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipochoristomas (Lipomatous Tumors) of the Acoustic Nerve
Authors: Wu Sandy S. , Lo William W. M. , Tschirhart Donald L. , Slattery William H. , Carberry Joseph N. , Brackmann Derald E. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Context.—Lipochoristomas (lipomatous choristomas) are rare tumors of the acoustic nerve (cranial nerve VIII/vestibulocochlear nerve) within the internal acoustic canal and sometimes the cerebellopontine angle, and are histogenetically believed to be congenital malformations. Their clinically indolent behavior has recently prompted a more conservative management protocol in a quest for maximal nerve/hearing preservation. This approach contrasts sharply with that for the common internal acoustic canal/cerebellopontine angle tumors, the neuroepithelial neoplasms (acoustic schwannomas and meningiomas), which behave more aggressively and have more prominent clinical manifestations. Owing to their rarity, the clinicopathologic features of cranial nerve VIII lipochoristomas have been obtained mainly through case reports.
Objective.—We present the clinicopathologic features of 11 cases of lipochoristomas of cranial nerve VIII.
Design.—The 11 cases were documented between 1992 and 2003. We performed complete clinical reviews with histologic, histochemical, and immunohistochemical analyses of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples.
Results.—The patients were 8 men and 3 women with hearing loss of the right ear (5 patients) or the left ear (6 patients). No patient had bilateral tumors. All lipochoristomas histologically possessed mature adipose tissue admixed with varied amounts of mature fibrous tissue, tortuous thick-walled vessels, smooth muscle bundles, and skeletal muscle fibers, the latter verified with immunohistochemistry.
Conclusions.—The histomorphologic and immunophenotypic evidence showed that these tumors are better characterized as choristomas than as simple “lipomas,” as they have been labeled in the past. Their overall nonaggressive clinical nature in addition to the characteristic radiologic and histomorphologic findings are important clinicopathologic features for the pathologist to recognize and differentiate, especially during frozen section evaluations, in order to direct the neurosurgeon to a more appropriate conservative therapeutic intervention.
Utility of Gram Stain for the Microbiological Analysis of Burn Wound Surfaces
Authors: Elsayed Sameer , Gregson Daniel B. , Lloyd Tracie , Crichton Marilyn , Church Deirdre L. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Context.—Surface swab cultures have attracted attention as a potential alternative to biopsy histology or quantitative culture methods for microbiological burn wound monitoring. To our knowledge, the utility of adding a Gram-stained slide in this context has not been evaluated previously.
Objective.—To determine the degree of correlation of Gram stain with culture for the microbiological analysis of burn wound surfaces.
Design.—Prospective laboratory analysis.
Setting.—Urban health region/centralized diagnostic microbiology laboratory.
Patients.—Burn patients hospitalized in any Calgary Health Region burn center from November 2000 to September 2001.
Intervention.—Gram stain plus culture of burn wound surface swab specimens obtained during routine dressing changes or based on clinical signs of infection.
Main Outcome Measures.—Degree of correlation (complete, high, partial, none), including weighted κ statistic (κw), of Gram stain with culture based on quantitative microscopy and degree of culture growth.
Results.—A total of 375 specimens from 50 burn patients were evaluated. Of these, 239 were negative by culture and Gram stain, 7 were positive by Gram stain only, 89 were positive by culture only, and 40 were positive by both methods. The degree of complete, high, partial, and no correlation of Gram stain with culture was 70.9% (266/375), 1.1% (4/375), 2.4% (9/375), and 25.6% (96/375), respectively. The degree of correlation for all 375 specimens, as expressed by the weighted κ statistic, was found to be fair (κw = 0.32).
Conclusion.—The Gram stain is not suitable for the microbiological analysis of burn wound surfaces.
Simultaneous Presentation of Multiple Myeloma and Acute Monocytic Leukemia
Authors: Luca Dragos C. , Almanaseer Imad Y. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAcute leukemia frequently has been described as a late complication of chemotherapy with alkylating agents in patients treated for multiple myeloma. However, the simultaneous occurrence of multiple myeloma and acute leukemia in the same patient, without previous exposure to chemotherapy, is a rare association. We describe a case of concomitant involvement by multiple myeloma and acute monocytic leukemia. To our knowledge, only 9 such cases have been reported in the literature to date. We discuss the criteria used in diagnosing the 2 separate diseases and the possible mechanisms responsible for this occurrence.
Findings to Date From the ASCUS-LSIL Triage Study (ALTS)
Authors: Schiffman Mark , Solomon Diane 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Controversy exists in the United States regarding the proper evaluation and management of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and equivocal (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance [ASCUS, now ASC-US]) cervical cytologic interpretations. To address this issue, the National Cancer Institute initiated the ASCUS-LSIL Triage Study (ALTS). ALTS is a multicenter, randomized clinical trial designed to evaluate 3 alternative methods of management, namely, immediate colposcopy, cytologic follow-up, and triage by human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing. This article summarizes the major findings of ALTS that have been published to date. Patients with ASCUS (n = 3488) or LSIL (n = 1572) were randomly assigned to research arms between November 1996 and December 1998, and were monitored for 2 years. The disease outcome was histologic cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 3/cancer. The prevalence of oncogenic HPV was too high to permit effective triage of LSIL using HPV DNA testing by Hybrid Capture 2. However, for the women referred with a cytologic interpretation of ASCUS, HPV triage proved useful, with sensitivity equivalent to immediate colposcopy and a halving of colposcopic referrals. Among older women with ASCUS, HPV testing remained sensitive for detecting CIN 3 and cancer, but the referral percentage was dramatically lower compared to younger women. ALTS yielded insight into the performance of cytology and histopathology; experienced pathologists differed significantly in their interpretations of cervical abnormalities, especially histologic CIN 1 and cytologic ASCUS. Nonetheless, it was possible to distinguish a relatively uncommon type of ASCUS, equivocal for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, that has a high positive predictive value for identifying women with underlying high-grade CIN. Many additional analyses are underway.
Human Papillomavirus Reporting: Minimizing Patient and Laboratory Risk
Authors: Austin R. Marshall 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Risk management efforts in the cytology laboratory must address the gap between what can be achieved with medical history's most effective cancer screening test, the Papanicolaou (Pap) test, and even higher entrenched public expectations. Data from the Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASCUS)/Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion Triage Study (ALTS) now provide level I clinical evidence from a large, randomized, controlled, multicenter clinical trial that reflex human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing of ASCUS cases is generally the preferred method for initial assessment of the most prevalent category of abnormal Pap interpretation. The proposed combination of HPV DNA testing with cytologic Pap testing, the DNA Pap test, further shows the potential to nearly eliminate false-negative screening results, based on sensitivity and negative predictive values reported in available studies. Human papillomavirus DNA testing also appears to represent a significant enhancement for detection of endocervical adenocarcinomas, which are difficult to detect and prevent. Human papillomavirus DNA testing, when used in conjunction with cervical cytology, can significantly reduce risk to both the patient and the laboratory.
Achieving Quality Reproducible Results and Maintaining Compliance in Molecular Diagnostic Testing of Human Papillomavirus
Authors: Seabrook Jacqueline M. , Hubbard Roger A. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Laboratories contemplating either the addition of new molecular tests or modifying methods approved by the Food and Drug Administration for human papillomavirus testing should be aware of a variety of procedural, performance, and regulatory issues surrounding such activity. Diagnostic medical laboratory testing in the United States is regulated by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, an agency formerly known as the Health Care Finance Administration. The regulatory vehicle of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services is manifested in the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA). The CLIA program has put into place specific regulations for laboratory quality control, which includes specific recommendations for method validation. Regulations that must be followed regarding personnel, quality control, quality assurance, method validation, and proficiency testing depend on the complexity category of the individual test. All molecular diagnostic tests, including those for human papillomavirus, are considered high complexity. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services retains the authority to allow private, national accreditation organizations to “deem” that a laboratory is compliant with CLIA '88 requirements. Accreditation organizations, such as the Joint Commission for Accreditation of Hospitals, the Commission on Office Laboratory Accreditation, and the College of American Pathologists (CAP), as well as several state medical laboratory–accrediting agencies, possess the authority to deem laboratories as “CLIA-approved.” The CAP, through its Laboratory Accreditation Program, has promoted standards for laboratory performance and method validation. In general, guidelines set forth in the CAP Laboratory Accreditation Program checklists specify that all clinical laboratory testing must essentially meet those requirements defined for high-complexity testing under CLIA '88, including test validation standards, reportable/reference ranges, performance criteria, and proficiency testing.
¿Ilusión o realidad? El disfraz en las comedias de Marivaux
Authors: Fernández Correjes Carolina 
Published: February 2021

La utilización del disfraz muestra la extrema complejidad de las relaciones entre el ser y el parecer en las comedias de Merivaux. Un objeto basta para transformar la identidad de los personajes. En consecuencia, resulta interesante estudiar el poder del disfraz para hacer surgir la acción, crear ese doble juego de verdad y mentira y revelar los sentimientos de los personajes. Para ello, a través de la definición de objeto teatral propuesta por Anne Ubersfeld, intentaremos analizar en este art´ículo las dieciséis comedias en las que Marivaux utiliza los objetos para disfrazar a sus personajes y conducir la acción.
The analysis of costume shows the complexity of connection between the true and the false character’s identity in Marivaux’s comedies. It’s therefore interesting to study the object’s potentialities to help tell the story, change the character’s identity and discover love. The main aim of this work is to provide a general analysis of the costume in Marivaux’s comedies on the basis of Anne Ubersfeld’s definition in order to describe its functions and meanings.
L’exploitation du déguisement montre l’extrême complexité des rapports entre l’être et le paraître dans les comédies marivaudiennes. Un objet suffit pour transformer l’identité des personnages. Par conséquent, il est intéressant d’étudier le pouvoir du déguisement pour déclencher l’intrigue, créer ce double jeu du faux et du vrai et révéler les sentiments des personnages. Pour cela, à travers la définition d’objet théâtral proposée par Anne Ubersfeld nous allons analyser les seize comédies où Marivaux utilise les objets pour déguiser les personnages et conduire l’action.
generación de la no pertenencia: La literatura del exilio español en Francia
Authors: Rodríguez Varela Rita 
Published: February 2021

El exilio de una gran parte de la población durante la guerra civil española abrió el paso a una generación de escritores exiliados, unidos por la necesidad de expresar y dar sentido a la vivencia de un trauma. Escritores que en muchas ocasiones han sido olvidados o relegados a un segundo plano por la dificultad de clasificación.
Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar y profundizar en los diferentes temas que estos autores tratan en sus obras, tales como la experiencia de la guerra o del exilio, las consecuencias de la dualidad lingüística en su identidad, la necesidad de reconstruir la historia familiar y en el encuentro con la escritura, lenguaje liberador. A través de sus obras otorgan un nuevo significado al concepto de frontera, por lo que evaden las clasificaciones tradicionales.
The exile of a large part of the population during the Spanish civil war opened the way for a generation of exiled writers, united by the need to express and give meaning to the experience of trauma. These writers have often been forgotten or relegated to the background because of their difficulty of classification.
This article aims to analyze and delve into the different topics that these authors dealt with in their works, such as the experience of war or exile, the consequences of linguistic duality on their identity, the need to reconstruct family history and in the encounter with writing, a liberating language. Through their Works they gave a new meanig to the concept of frontier, and thus evade traditional classifications.
L’exil d’une grande partie de la population pendant la guerra civile espagnole a ouvert une voie à une génération d’écrivains exilés, unis par la nécessité d’exprimer et de donner du sens à une expérience traumatique. Ces auteurs ont souvent été oubliés ou relégués au second plan à cause de la difficulté de classification.
Cet article a pour but d’analyser et d’approfondir sur les différents thèmes que ces auteus abordent dans leurs oeuvres, tels que l’expérience de la guerre ou de l’exil, les conséquences de la dualité linguistique sur leur identité, la nécessité de reconstruire l’histoire familiale et la rencontre avec l’écriture, langage libérateur. À travers ses oeuvres, ils donnent un nouveau sens au concept de frontière et échappent aux classifications traditionnelles.
ironía del destino en las novelas de Maryse Condé
Authors: Aceituno Martínez Eduardo 
Published: February 2021

La ironía del destino es un motivo fundamental y recurrente en las novelas de Maryse Condé; por ello, los diversos tipos de avatares irónicos y sus funciones y signficados respectivos constituyen el objeto de nuestro análisis. Por un lado, la ironía del destino desempeña un papel decisivo en la acción de la novela, ya que encarna a menudo la estructura básica de la intriga y es empleada para canalizar el suspense. Por otra parte, el motivo de la ironía del destino contribuye visiblemente a una exploración exhaustiva de la naturaleza humana, y en especial de las reacciones instintivas e irracionales ante el fracaso y la frustración. En definitiva, Maryse Condé convierte el relato de las paradojas del destino en una poderosa herramienta narrativa y en un resorte que permite sacar a relucir ricos matices psicológicos.
The irony of fate is a major and recurrent motif in Maryse Condé’s novels; this is why the different types of ironic transformations and their respective meanings and functions will be the subject of our analysis. On the one hand, the irony of fate plays a decisive role in the narrative action of the novel, since it frequently incarnates the weight-bearing structure of the plot, and favours the channelling of suspense. On the other hand, the topic of the irony of fate evidently contributes to a deep exploration of human nature, specifically of the instinctive and irrational reactions to failure and frustration. Ultimately, Maryse Condé exploits the narration of the paradoxes of life as a powerful narrative tool which enables her to enlighten some rich psychological nuances.
L’ironie du sort est un motif fondamental et récurrent dans les romans de Maryse Condé ; c’est pourquoi les divers types d’avatars ironiques et leurs sens et fonctions respectifs font l’objet de notre analyse. D’un côté, l’ironie du sort joue un rôle décisif dans l’action du roman, car elle incarne souvent la structure portante de l’intrigue et sert à canaliser le suspense. D’autre part, le motif de l’ironie du sort contribue visiblement à une exploration poussée de la nature humaine, notamment des réactions instinctives et irrationnelles face à l’échec et à la frustration. En définitive, Maryse Condé fait du récit des paradoxes du destin un puissant outil narratif et un ressort permettant de mettre en lumière de riches nuances psychologiques.
Verbos de movimiento en un diccionario bilingüe sintáctico-combinatorio francés-español: TACTICOMB
Authors: Sanz Espinar Gemma 
Published: February 2021

Después de que Talmy (1985) y Slobin (2004) identificaran la existencia de tendencias en la conceptualización y la lexicalización de eventos de movimiento en las distintas lenguas, ha habido mucha investigación en esta materia en distintas áreas: Lingüística, Traducción, Adquisición de la Lengua Materna o Extranjera y Didáctica de las lenguas extranjeras. Como señalaba Slobin, la expresión del movimiento puede hacerse según las lenguas mediante la codificación de la trayectoria del movimiento o de la manera del movimiento en el verbo (Talmy), pero este no es el ´unico factor que permite explicitar cierta información o dejar otra implícita y conseguir un enunciado totalmente aceptable en una lengua. Nuestro objetivo es trasladar este tipo de conocimiento léxico a un diccionario sintáctico-combinatorio bilingüe, TACTICOMB, para una clase semántica de verbos que no parece implicar, en sus significados más "literales" ninguna combinatoria restringida (colocaciones), como la que puede verse en la mayoría de diccionarios de combinatoria.
After Talmy (1985) and Slobin (2004) highlighted the existence of tendencies in conceptualization and lexicalization of motion events in languages, there has been a lot of research on this topic in different areas: Linguistics, Translation Studies, First and Second Language Acquisition or Second Language Teaching. As Talmy points out, the expression of motion has different tendencies in languages from highlighting the trajectory of motion to highlighting the manner of motion in the verb, but this is not the only factor (linguistic) that allows to make some notions explicit or to keep others implicit, in a discursively acceptable utterance (Slobin). Our aim is to try to transfer this kind of lexical knowledge into a bilingual syntactic-combinatorial dictionary, TACTICOMB, through the class of motion verbs that do not seem to involve, in their “literal” senses, a restricted combinatory (collocations) as appears in many combinatory dictionaries.
Après les études de Talmy (1985) et de Slobin (2004) montrant les tendances dans la conceptualisation et la lexicalisation des procès de mouvement dans les langues, il y a eu de nombreuses recherches à ce sujet provenant de la Linguistique, la Traduction, l’Acquisition de la langue maternelle et étrangère ou la Didactique des langues étrangères. Comme le signale Talmy, l’expression du mouvement se fait différemment selon les langues, elles expriment dans le verbe soit la trajectoire, soit la manière du mouvement. Or ce n’est pas le seul facteur qui détermine la confluence d’información sur le mouvement dans un énoncé totalement acceptable dans la langue (Slobin). Notre objectif est de transposer ce type de connaissance lexicale à un dictionnaire syntactico-combinatoire bilingue, TACTICOMB. On l’illustrera pour la classe de verbes de mouvement qui ne semblent pas impliquer de combinatoire restreinte, dans leurs acceptions « littérales », comme c’est le cas pour beaucoup des dictionnaires de combinatoire.
Abnormal expression of HOXD11 promotes the malignant behavior of glioma cells and leads to poor prognosis of glioma patients
Authors: Wang Jialin , Liu Zhendong , Zhang Cheng , Wang Hongbo , Li Ang , Liu Binfeng , Lian Xiaoyu , Ren Zhishuai , Zhang Wang , Wang Yanbiao , Zhang Bo , Pang Bo , Gao Yanzheng 
Published: February 2021

Background
Homeobox D11 (HOXD11) plays an important role in a variety of cancers, but its precise role in gliomas remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationship between HOXD11 and gliomas by combining bioinformatics methods with basic experimental validation.

Materials and methods
Obtain gene expression information and clinical information of glioma and non-tumor brain tissue samples from multiple public databases such as TCGA (666 glioma samples), CGGA (749 glioma samples), GEPIA(163 glioblastoma samples and 207 normal control samples), GEO (GSE4290 and GSE15824). Nine cases of glioma tissue and five cases of normal control brain tissue were collected from the clinical department of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital for further verification. A series of bioinformatic analysis methods were used to confirm the relationship between HOXD11 expression and overall survival and clinical molecular characteristics of patients with glioma. RT-qPCR was used to verify the change of expression level of HOXD11 in glioma cells and tissues. MTT assay, colony formation assay, wound-healing assay, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry and western blotting were used to detect the effect of HOXD11 on the biological behavior of glioma cell line U251.

Results
The high expression of HOXD11 was significantly related to age, World Health Organization (WHO) grade, chemotherapy status, histological type, and even 1p19q codeletion data and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation. HOXD11, as an independent risk factor, reduces the overall survival of glioma patients and has diagnostic value for the prognosis of glioma. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed that HOXD11 was significantly enriched in cell signaling pathway such as cell cycle, DNA replication and so on. Finally, we confirmed that the knockout of HOXD11 can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of U251 glioma cells, and change the biological behavior of tumor cells by preventing the progression of cell cycle.

Conclusions
HOXD11 may be used as a candidate biomarker for the clinical application of targeted drug and prognostic assessment treatment of glioma. In addition, This study will help to explore the pathological mechanism of glioma.