bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative appraisal with meta‐analysis of erbium vs. CO2lasers for atrophic acne scars
Authors: Husein‐ElAhmed Husein , Steinhoff Martin 
Published: September 2021

SummaryRecent advances in laser technology allowed the development of systems that improve texture, appearance and pliability of skin in acne scars (AS). Currently, comprehensive comparative studies on the efficacy of the most commonly used fractional systems in AS are lacking. Thus, the aim of this work was to appraise and compare the clinical response to erbium versus CO2lasers in AS in the form of a meta‐analysis. The databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane library were searched. Main clinical outcomes were investigator‐reported scar improvement and participant‐reported scar improvement. Five studies were included in this meta‐analysis. Scar improvement was similar for both types of laser in terms of investigator‐reported scar improvement (RR: 0.60 95 % CI: 0.35–1.02) and participant‐reported scar improvement (RR: 0.99 95 % CI: 0.79–1.25). A sensitivity analysis that excluded studies with high risk of bias found the CO2lasers to be superior to the erbium lasers (RR: 0.47 95 % CI: 0.24–0.93): However, the subgroup analysis showed the CO2laser not to be significantly different from either the non‐ablative erbium (RR: 0.65 95 % CI: 0.34–1.24) or the ablative erbium laser (RR: 0.60 95 % CI: 0.35–1.02). The CO2laser produced a slightly greater clinical response compared to the erbium lasers based on the physician’s assessment. Overall, the two devices do not differ largely in terms of efficacy but may be complementary, with each resurfacing laser better suited for different clinical tasks.
Mirror therapy for unilateral neglect after stroke: A systematic review
Authors: Zhang Yuqian , Xing Ying , Li Congqin , Hua Yan , Hu Jian , Wang Yuyuan , Ya Ru , Meng Qiong , Bai Yulong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeThe effect of mirror therapy for unilateral neglect after stroke currently remains uncertain.MethodsThis systematic review investigated the effect of mirror therapy on neglect and daily living activities in patients with unilateral neglect after stroke when compared with no treatment, sham mirror therapy, or routinely applied therapies only. We performed a systematic electronic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data to identify relevant randomized control trials (RCTs).ResultsWe included five RCTs in the data synthesis. Mirror therapy (combined or not with other treatments) was more effective in improving neglect as compared with sham mirror therapy or no treatment (combined or not with the other therapies; standard mean difference [SMD] = 1.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03–2.21, p < 0.00001). Mirror therapy (combined or not with other therapies) was effective in improving daily living activities as compared with sham mirror therapy or no treatment (combined or not with the other therapies; SMD = 2.09, 95% CI = 0.63–3.56, p = 0.005).ConclusionsOur results show that mirror therapy effectively improves neglect and daily living activities in patients with unilateral neglect after stroke. Future trials with high methodological quality and larger sample sizes are needed to determine the immediate and long‐term effect of appropriate mirror therapy protocol for unilateral neglect.
Reasons for not having epilepsy surgery
Authors: Khoo Anthony , de Tisi Jane , Mannan Shahidul , O'Keeffe Aidan G. , Sander Josemir W. , Duncan John S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study was undertaken to determine reasons for adults with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy who undergo presurgical evaluation not proceeding with surgery, and to identify predictors of this course.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data on 617 consecutive individuals evaluated for epilepsy surgery at a tertiary referral center between January 2015 and December 2019. We compared the characteristics of those in whom a decision not to proceed with surgical treatment was made with those who underwent definitive surgery in the same period. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of not proceeding with surgery.ResultsA decision not to proceed with surgery was reached in 315 (51%) of 617 individuals evaluated. Common reasons for this were an inability to localize the epileptogenic zone (n = 104) and the presence of multifocal epilepsy (n = 74). An individual choice not to proceed with intracranial electroencephalography (icEEG; n = 50) or surgery (n = 39), risk of significant deficit (n = 33), declining noninvasive investigation (n = 12), and coexisting neurological comorbidity (n = 3) accounted for the remainder. Compared to 166 surgically treated patients, those who did not proceed to surgery were more likely to have a learning disability (odds ratio [OR] = 2.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07‒5.16), normal magnetic resonance imaging (OR = 4.48, 95% CI = 1.68–11.94), extratemporal epilepsy (OR = 2.93, 95% CI = 1.82‒4.71), bilateral seizure onset zones (OR = 3.05, 95% CI = 1.41‒6.61) and to live in more deprived socioeconomic areas (median deprivation decile = 40%–50% vs. 50%–60%, p < .05).SignificanceApproximately half of those evaluated for surgical treatment of drug‐resistant focal epilepsy do not proceed to surgery. Early consideration and discussion of the likelihood of surgical suitability or need for icEEG may help direct referral for presurgical evaluation.
Reconstructing past thermal conditions in beach microclimates
Authors: Laloë Jacques‐Olivier , Chivers William J. , Esteban Nicole , Hays Graeme C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractReconstruction of past conditions provides important information on how ecosystems have been impacted by climate change, but generally for microhabitats worldwide there are no long‐term empirical measurements. In these cases, there has been protracted debate about how various large‐scale environmental proxies can best be used to reconstruct local temperatures. Here we help resolve this debate by examining how well environmental proxies hindcast sand temperatures at nest depths for five sea turtle nesting sites across the world. We link instrumental air temperature and sea surface temperature records with empirical sand temperature observations in the Atlantic (Ascension Island and Cape Verde), the Indian Ocean (Chagos Archipelago), the Caribbean (St Eustatius) and the Pacific (French Polynesia). We found strong correlations between sea surface temperatures, air temperatures and sand temperatures at all our study sites. Furthermore, Granger causality testing shows variations in sea surface temperature and air temperature precede variations in sand temperatures. We found that different proxies (air or sea temperature or a combination of both) predicted mean monthly sand temperatures within <0.5°C of empirical observations. Reconstructions of sand temperatures over the last 170 years reveal a slight warming of temperatures (maximum 0.5°C per century). An analysis of 36 published datasets revealed that the gradient of the relationship between sand temperature and air temperature is relatively constant, suggesting long‐term changes in sand temperature could be extended around the world to include nesting sites where there are no empirical measurements of sand temperature. Our approaches are likely to have utility for a range of microhabitats where there is an interest in long‐term changes in temperature.
Five‐layer reverse tape casting of IT‐SOFC
Authors: Snowdon Abigail L. , Jiang Zeyu , Steinberger‐Wilckens Robert 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTape casting is a well‐established method for manufacturing thin ceramic layers with controllable thickness and porosity. This study investigates the potential of 10Sc1CeSZ material for the electrolyte and anode layers for intermediate‐temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT‐SOFC) in an anode‐supported cell (ASC) geometry. In order to use La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8 Oxide (LSCF) cathode material, a Gd0.2Ce0.8 Oxide (GDC) barrier layer is needed; however, thermal expansion coefficient mismatch results in delamination of the GDC from the electrolyte during high temperature sintering when fabricated by conventional tape casting procedures. For the first time, ASCs have been manufactured by a five‐layer tape casting technique; barrier layer, novel composite layer, electrolyte, anode functional layer, and anode substrate. Ni‐ScCeSZ composite cells were tested between 650 and 800°C in H2:N2 fuel (85% H2) on the anode and air on the cathode to yield a maximum power density of .46 W/cm2. These results demonstrate the feasibility of this new five‐layer tape casting technique to produce IT‐SOFC.
Study of falling‐down‐type DLP 3D printing technology for high‐resolution hydroxyapatite scaffolds
Authors: Du Yao , Hu Tianyu , You Jian , Ye Yaoyao , Zhang Bin , Bao Binghui , Li Mingyang , Liu Yimei , Wang Yong , Wang Tao 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this study, a strategy to print hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramics based on falling‐down‐type digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology with high accuracy was proposed. The monolayer curing thickness and curing broadening of the samples were compared under different conditions, and the most suitable photoinitiator for the system and optimal amount of additive dye in the slurry were obtained. The light power density and single‐layer exposure time of the light source of the DLP printer were optimized, and a number of high‐resolution models of HA scaffolds with an exact square‐channel aperture width of 380 μm were successfully printed. The shrinkage, microstructural, and mechanical properties of the HA ceramic scaffolds were studied at different sintering temperatures. The microstructure and composition of the scaffolds were also characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffractometry. The compressive strength and compressive modulus of HA porous scaffold were 11.61 MPa and 1.26 GPa, respectively. And the porosity of scaffold was 31.67%.
A mini review on cathode materials for sodium‐ion batteries
Authors: Ramesh Aniruddh , Tripathi Abhinav , Balaya Palani 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries are becoming potential solutions for replacement of batteries due to the abundance of sodium reserves and high recycling costs of lithium‐based batteries. Sodium‐based layered oxides are being widely explored as positive electrode material for sodium‐ion battery due to their high capacities and high energy densities. However, oxide‐based systems do suffer from thermal stability issues and exhibit low power density. On the other hand, polyanionic‐based compounds and Prussian blue analogues demonstrate appreciable thermal stabilities and are useful in high power density applications. This article reviews recent trends of these cathode materials.
Toxic elements in eggs and egg‐based products: occurrence, exposure assessment and risk characterisation for the Serbian population
Authors: Mitrovic Marija , Tomasevic Igor , Stefanovic Srđan , Djordjevic Vesna , Djekic Ilija 
Published: September 2021

SummaryThis study aimed to assess the exposure of the Serbian adult population to As, Cd, Pb and Hg through the consumption of eggs and egg‐based products and to assess health risks. Coccidiostat residues were also examined, and their contribution to acceptable daily intake was calculated. Egg samples were collected from 2018 to 2020. The consumption survey was conducted during 2020. A Monte Carlo simulation was performed to estimate the intake of toxic elements based on one‐day and seven‐day recalls of egg consumption. The results obtained showed that the adult population in Serbia is not exposed to health risks from the studied toxic elements when consuming eggs and egg‐based products. The presence of anticoccidial agents was detected in 22% of egg samples at concentrations above the limits prescribed by current regulations in Serbia (which do not allow detectable levels of coccidiostats in eggs), with the main risk of exposure being to coccidiostat residues associated with maduramycin.
Effect of baking in different ovens on the quality and structural characteristics of saltine crackers
Authors: Saberi Farzad , Kouhsari Fatemeh , Abbasi Samaneh , Rosell Cristina M. , Amini Mehdi 
Published: September 2021

SummaryThe aim of the study was to evaluate the physical and microstructural characteristics of crackers baked in four different industrial baking ovens (indirect radiation‐cyclotherm, indirect convection, hybrid and industrial tunnel‐ITO). Indirect convection and cyclotherm ovens provide the highest (5685.43 ± 51 W m−2) and the lowest (4860 ± 38.87 W m−2) amount of heat flux, respectively. Despite the amount of heat flux, indirect convection led to crackers with the highest moisture (7.86% vs. 4.82% in clyclotherm) and specific volume, but the lowest hardness. Cyclotherm resulted in crackers with lower specific volume, surface area, porosity, smooth and regular surface. Conversely, the hybrid and ITO ovens showed closer heat flux, leading to crackers with similar moisture content, texture parameters, specific volume, browning and inner porosity. Overall results show the potential of baking using different ovens for modifying the quality parameters of the crackers.
Assessment of psychological changes in young children during dental treatment: Analysis of the autonomic nervous activity and electroencephalogram
Authors: Sekiya Taki , Sugimoto Kumiko , Kubota Ayako , Tsuchihashi Natsumi , Oishi Atsushi , Yoshida Naomi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding the emotional changes in children during dental treatment is necessary for providing stress‐free care.AimTo objectively assess the stress associated with dental treatment in children, based on the autonomic nervous activity and the electroencephalogram (EEG).DesignTwenty‐two children aged 4–9 years were recruited from outpatients of a paediatric clinic. Electrocardiogram and EEG were recorded throughout the treatment to analyze the autonomic nervous activities and the powers of brain waves, respectively. Changes in these measurements during each treatment process were evaluated in two age groups: 4–6 years and 6–9 years.ResultsElevations in sympathetic activities accompanied by decreased parasympathetic activities induced by stress were observed during rubber dam setting (RD) in the age group of 4–6 years and during infiltration anesthesia (IA), RD, and cavity preparation with a dental turbine (CP‐T) in the age group of 6–9 years. Stress‐related beta wave increments in EEG were observed during IA and CP‐T in the age group of 6–9 years but not in the age group of 4–6 years.ConclusionMonitoring the autonomic nervous activities during treatments is useful in assessing stresses in a wide age of young children, whereas EEG monitoring is applicable only to children older than 6 years.
Key stakeholder perspectives on obstacles to an autism‐specific Medicaid waiver service delivery model
Authors: Holingue Calliope , Jang Yeon , Azad Gazi , Landa Rebecca 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundChildren and youth with autism spectrum disorder have significant, multi‐system needs that require supports, such as the autism waiver (AW) service delivery model. This study aimed to identify and describe characteristics of the AW, define obstacles and strengths in the provision of adequate services and provide recommendations for improving overall effectiveness.MethodsThis mixed‐methods exploratory study used an electronic survey to gain information and perceptions of AW provider agency directors (n = 27) and service coordinators (n = 30).ResultsThe key barriers reported were the shortage of qualified staff, inadequate staff training, complexity of cases or symptom severity of clients and lack of communication at multiple levels throughout the agency as well as with parents.ConclusionsRecommendations include reinforcing the workforce through higher salaries, greater training and communication interventions. These strategies may reduce staff turnover and shortage, lighten the caseload, reduce the waitlist period and improve the effectiveness and responsiveness of AW services.
Characteristics and optimal ablation settings of a novel, contact‐force sensing and local impedance‐enabled catheter in an ex vivo perfused swine ventricle model
Authors: Tsutsui Kenta , Kawano Daisuke , Mori Hitoshi , Kato Ritsushi , Ikeda Yoshifumi , Sumitomo Naokata , Fukaya Hidehira , Iwanaga Shiro , Nakano Shintaro , Muramatsu Toshihiro , Matsumoto Kazuo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundLocal impedance (LI) has emerged as a new technology that informs on electrical catheter‐tissue coupling during radiofrequency (RF) ablation. Recently, IntellaNav StablePoint, a novel LI‐enabled catheter that equips contact force (CF) sensing, has been introduced. Although StablePoint and its predecessor IntellaNav MiFi OI share the common technology that reports LI, distinct mechanics for LI sensing between the two products raise a concern that the LI‐RF lesion formation relationship may differ.MethodsIn an ex vivo swine cardiac tissue model, we investigated the initial level and range of a reduction in LI during a 60‐s RF ablation and the resultant lesion characteristics at nine combinations of three energy power (30, 40, and 50 W) and CF (10, 30, and 50 g) steps. Correlations and interactions between CF, LI, wattage, and formed lesions were analyzed. Incidence of achieving LI drop plateau and that of a steam pop were also determined.ResultsPositive correlations existed between CF and initial LI, CF and absolute/relative LI drop, CF and lesion volume, and LI drop and lesion volume. At the same LI drop, wattage‐dependent gain in lesion volume was observed. Steam pops occurred in all CF steps and the prevalence was highest at 50 W. LI drop predicted a steam pop with a cutoff value at 89Ω.ConclusionIn StablePoint, wattage crucially affects LI drop and lesion volume. Because 30 W ablation may by underpowered for intramural lesion formation and 50 W often resulted in a steam pop, 40 W appears to achieve the balance between the safety and efficacy.
Antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes, and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from meat and meat products
Authors: Abbasi Kobra , Tajbakhsh Elahe , Momtaz Hassan 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTStaphylococcus aureus is an important food pathogen that has the ability to form biofilms. This pathogen has been implicated in foodborne outbreaks associated with the consumption of meat and meat products. Since the role of meat products as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistant S. aureus and biofilm formers has not been studied, this research was conducted to assess the incidence, antimicrobial resistance, and presence of biofilm‐forming genes in S. aureus bacteria from meat and meat products. For this purpose, 440 samples of meat and meat products were randomly collected from supermarkets of Shahrekord city, Iran. S. aureus isolates were highlighted and identified through biochemical tests. All S. aureus isolates were profiled for susceptibility to 14 antibiotics and the corresponding resistance genes were searched. The quantification of biofilm formation followed by a screening of biofilm formation encoding genes was done. Of the 440 samples collected, 61 were found to contain S. aureus. The incidence of S. aureus among the beef meat (16/61) was the highest followed by its incidence in sausage (10/61) and lunch meat (9/61). At least one isolate of S. aureus carries one of the following resistance gene blaZ, mecA, tet K, linA, tetM, erm A, ermB, and aac A‐D. High distribution of icaA, icaB, icaC, icaD, clfB, and clfA, biofilm formation genes and Enterotoxin encoding genes sea, seb, sec, and sed. The ability of biofilm production and the presence of virulence determinants in the genome of S. aureus can contribute to their pathogenicity. This research demonstrated the roles of meat and meat products as reservoirs of biofilm‐forming and antimicrobial‐resistant strains of S. aureus. This poses a food safety and public health problem. However, further work needs to be done to better understand the implication of icaABCD biofilm forming genes present in S. aureus from meat and meat products in their resistance.
Epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of lethal acanthocephalosis in captive neotropical primates
Authors: Oliveira Ayisa Rodrigues , Pereira Fernanda Mara Aragão Macedo , dos Santos Daniel Oliveira , de Carvalho Thaynara Parente , Soares‐Neto Lauro Leite , Mangueira Danyele Karoline Avante , Lisbôa Larissa Martins , Mamede Rafael Bezerra , Hoppe Estevam Guilherme Lux , Momo Claudia , Santos Renato Lima 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundAcanthocephalosis is an important cause of death in captive New World primates (NWP). Once established in a colony, it is extremely difficult to treat and control, quickly spreading among NWP with a high mortality rate. This study aimed to characterize the disease associated with infection with acanthocephalans according to its epidemiological, clinical, and anatomopathological aspects in a captive NWP population.MethodsFrom 2010 to 2020, a Brazilian zoo had recurrent deaths of NWP associated to acanthocephalan parasitism. Clinical and pathological profiles of these animals were analyzed considering the host species, sex, age, weight, clinical signs, therapeutic protocols, and pathological findings.ResultsA total of 27 deaths associated with acanthocephalosis were recorded, all lethal cases affected tamarins and lion tamarins, corresponding to 67.5% of total deaths during the course of this study. Ten animals died with no previously detected clinical signs, whereas cases with noticeable clinical signs often had apathy and progressive weight loss, resulting in cachexia. Symptomatic NWP were treated with anthelmintic protocols, antibiotics, and support therapy. However, all hospitalized animals died and had grossly detectable adult acanthocephalans in the intestinal lumen that were identified as Prosthenorchis sp., which were associated with transmural and ulcerative enteritis.ConclusionsThis report revealed the impact of acanthocephalosis in a naturally infected captive colony of NWP, particularly affecting tamarins (Saguinus spp.) and lion tamarins (Leontopithecus spp.), with failed treatment and control strategies.
Interaction networks between the Fallopian tubes and the embryo in human tubal pregnancy: Current knowledge and perspectives
Authors: Jiang Huan , Li Jian‐Xiong 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAimMore than 90% of ectopic pregnancies occur in the Fallopian tubes. As the pathogenesis of tubal pregnancy remains largely unclear, the development of strategies to prevent and treat tubal pregnancy still represents a major clinical challenge. This review thoroughly summarizes the current data, aiming to determine the genes and signaling pathways that are involved in the pathophysiology of human tubal pregnancy.MethodsAn electronic search from databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Chinese databases was carried out using key words pertaining to the pathogenesis of tubal pregnancy from the perspectives of both the Fallopian tubes and the embryo. A review of the literatures including review articles, experimental, and observational studies and case reports published between 1999 and 2021 was conducted.ResultsTubal pregnancy results from the interaction networks between the Fallopian tube and the embryo rather than from simple tubal abnormality. Furthermore, the embryo‐maternal communication is supposed to start from the preimplantation period to the implantation period.ConclusionA greater understanding of the interaction networks between the Fallopian tubes and the embryo is of great significance for the prevention and medical treatment of tubal pregnancy.