bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increase of Technical Condition Control Efficiency of Marine Railways
Authors: Honcharuk I , Golovan A , Voloshyn A , Kostenko O , Deli O 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe paper presents the result of solving a relevant scientific and practical problem, which consists in the development of methods and diagnostic tools and improving the efficiency of monitoring the technical condition of transport equipment, in particular elements and units of marine railways, through the introduction of an automated system for diagnostics and monitoring of technical condition, which provides an increase in the reliability of diagnosis, reducing the time and cost of diagnostics. The analysis showed that the existing methods for determining the main parameters of the technical condition of elements and units of slips, which are the basis for reliable diagnostics of the technical condition, need to be improved. A method has been developed for monitoring the integrity of the main elements of marine railways based on the analysis of the temperature and natural vibration frequency of the main elements, which, in contrast to the existing methods, gives an error in measuring the signal frequency of less than 0.05%, which makes it possible to determine defects at early stages of their development.
The Concept of Implementation of Multifrequency RFID System Industrial Involvement in Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Husár J , Knapčíková L , Hrehová S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
People have been dealing with the correct identification of objects for a long time. In industry, we cannot avoid this area, whether it is to identify people, semi-finished products or final products. Therefore, this article deals with the design of a multifrequency RFID system for industry 4.0. The idea of the article is to implement one type of identification technology for tracking objects using the radio frequency spectrum at different wavelengths. We have based our design on the built industrial-assembly line in the SmartTechLab laboratory, where we have implemented LF, HF and UHF systems connected by an industrial PLC into a complex system. In this article, we gradually focus on the selection of RFID systems, their cooperation and the design of connection to one portable box. Using an RFID box, we can monitor different types of objects and verify RFID reading using a single reading device or by creating portal RFID gateways. The implemented system consists of four middleware and four independent antennas that can cooperate. For proper operation, there is necessary implement not only hardware but also necessary software. The system can identify RFID tags in the range of 1 cm to several meters. Also, the advantage of the design is that it identifies all types of tags (industry, label, ceramic, laundry, paper). One of the main benefits of the design is modularity, mobility and the creation of a robust design that can be used for measurements in companies and also for educating students in laboratory conditions. The whole system is designed to meet the requirements of Industry 4.0 and improve the competitiveness of businesses.
Thermo-elastostatic analyzes of new dampers made of polymer springs with negative thermal expansion
Authors: Murín J , Goga V , Paulech J , Hrabovský J , Sedlár T , Kutiš V , Aminbaghai M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article presents original results of research of the dampers with passive and semi-active damping using polymer springs (also artificial muscles or nylon springs) with negative thermal expansion. Passive damping can be ensured by the strong damping effects of polymer springs. Semi-active damping can be provided by heating the springs from an additional heat source. According to design such dampers, mathematical models for analytical elastostatic and thermoelastostatic analyzes of dampers for selected load cases are processed in the paper. The permissible values of mechanical and thermal load of the dampers are determined. The obtained results are verified by numerical analysis using the finite element method. The elastostatics of the passive damper and its damping functionality have been verified on a real model of the damper. The compiled mathematical models can be used in the design of polymer dampers as well as in their automatic control. Designed and analysed dampers can be used in smaller mobile or stationary systems such as scooters, small car kits and the like. The elastodynamic functionality of the dampers with passive and semiactive damping will be presented and discussed in our further paper.
Influence of the parameters of the extrusion process on the properties of PLA composites with the addition of graphite
Authors: Fiedurek K , Szroeder P , Macko M , Raszkowska-Kaczor A , Puszczykowska N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The main purpose of the work is to determine the influence of the screw diameter on the parameters of the single screw extrusion process, such as power consumption, torque, throughput, the actual temperature of the melt on the extruder die, as well as phase s with the use of a laboratory single-screw extruder.. The research was carried out with the use of various plasticizing systems. Two types of graphite: pre-expanded and normal grade with different grain sizes were used in the research. Flammability tests of the obtained composites were carried out using cone calorimeter.
The method of obtaining polymer masterbatches based on polylactide with carbon filler
Authors: Kaczor D , Bajer K , Domek G , Raszkowska-Kaczor A , Szroeder P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The method of obtaining polymer composites with a graphite filler using a kneading mixer was presented. The best mixing parameters (rotational speed and temperature) were determined, allowing to obtain composites with the best filler dispersion in the polymer matrix. A series of graphite/polylactide (PLA) masterbatches were made. The following composites tests were performed: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The value of the mass melt flow rate (MFR) was also determined. It was observed that the best homogenization were obtained for samples mixed at a speed of 40-50 rpm and at a temperature of 180-190°C.
Effective shaping of a bisymmetrical cross section of beams under shear stresses constraints
Authors: Magnucki K , Witkowski D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The subject of the studies is effective shaping of an analytically defined, bisymmetrical cross section of beams. The objective function concerns the maximum of the inertia moment and minimum of the area of the cross section. The constraint condition takes into account the maximum shear stresses. The effective shapes of the exemplary beams are derived. Results of the analytical study are presented in Tables and Figures.
Analysis of the usability of rolling resistance measurement methods to study the mechanisms of some wheelchairs
Authors: Warguła Ł , Kukla M , Yurchenko V , Kukesheva A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Reducing the driving force when propelling a wheelchair, e.g. through mechanical gears, is beneficial for people using wheelchairs. This makes it possible to overcome terrain obstacles that would be otherwise impassable with a classic drive system. However, the disadvantage of additional mechanisms supporting the propulsion of the wheelchair is usually the additional mass, ultimately increasing the rolling resistance. The article presents methods of measuring the rolling resistance – widely developed in the automotive industry – in terms of measuring the rolling resistance of wheelchairs. Innovative methods have been demonstrated to measure the rolling resistance on various surfaces and with the use of various drive mechanisms. The developed methods also enable the determination of the rolling resistance coefficient. The methods used are innovative and are subject to patent protection prepared by the authors in recent years. The results of the respondents allow to compare the measurement accuracy of the developed methods and show that the second method (being a simplification of the first method) is characterized by better accuracy.
The amount of heat input to the weld per unit length and per unit volume
Authors: Winczek J , Gucwa M , Makles K , Mičian M , Yadav A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a comparative analysis of heat input per unit length and per unit volume for selected methods of welding. The purpose of the analysis is to assess the usability of calculating heat input per volume unit. The interpretation of heat input per unit length according to the standards: QW-409.1 of ASME IX, EN ISO 1011-1 is discussed. The concept of calculating heat input per unit volume is described. For exemplary padded welds and spot welded joints, the heat input values were calculated in accordance with the above-mentioned standards and based on the concept of heat input per unit volume. The study showed a lack of consistency between the individual standards in the interpretation of the heat input. In addition, the practical application of the heat input per unit volume method in calculating the actual amount of heat introduced into the weld was justified.
Simulation of a vehicle movement on a roadway with stochastic irregularities prescribed by the power spectral density
Authors: Dižo J , Blatnický M , Kravchenko O , Mamrai V , Barta D , Gasper P 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A vehicle represents a mechanical system, which consists of bodies interconnected by joints, force elements, constraints and other coupling elements. When a vehicle moves on a roadway, it is excited due to roadway surface irregularities. It results to vibration of the vehicle mainly in the vertical direction. These vertical movements are known as a vertical dynamics of vehicles. The level of vibrations characterized by their frequency and amplitudes considerably effects two main phenomena, i.e. driving safety and ride comfort for passengers. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate and analyse response of vehicles to the vertical excitations. This article is aimed at evaluation and research of driving properties of a vehicle by means of simulation computations. In case of analysing vehicle’s mechanical system using a virtual model, it is necessary to define in a proper way not only parameters of an investigated vehicle, but also parameters of the excitations due to a roadway surface irregularities. In the reality, roadway surface irregularities have a stochastic behaviour. These fact is processed using statistical methods and it results to the power spectral density of the roadway surface irregularities. A presented research is focused on evaluation of selected output quantities of a vehicle, which moves on the road at various speeds and on various road qualities. An evaluated vehicle uses independent front wheels suspension, which design comes from the utility model. The rear axle is a rigid axle. Dynamic analyses and assessment of the resulting parameters were performed in the Simpack multibody software package. Based on reached results it is obvious, that vertical dynamics of the vehicle is affected by road quality and driving speed. Moreover, the performed analyses have proven, that the used independent front wheels suspension improves driving properties of the vehicle, contributes to better ride comfort and ensures required driving safety.
Analysis of the influence of surface roughness of various types of wood on the results of their hardness measured by the Leeb method
Authors: Bembenek M , Kowalski Ł. , Pawlik J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Determining the hardness in the Leeb scale consists in measuring the velocity of the impact mass before and after hitting the sample. The result is the speed of the impactor shall after the rebound divided by the speed before the rebound (multiplied by 1000). The measured hardness ranges from 0 to 1000 and is largely dependent on the Young's modulus of elasticity. The article presents the Leeb hardness measurement tests of six various species of wood. The samples were machining before testing in such a way that there were places with different surface roughness on its surface. The research showed the differentiation of the hardness test results for the same tree species depending on the roughness of the surface
Simulation of running a vehicle with a Y25 bogie on a theoretical track
Authors: Solčanský S , Knap S 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis paper is focused on the simulation of a railway vehicle with a Y25 bogie running on a theoretical track and it will simulate its dynamic properties. The model was created in multi-body simulation software SIMULIA - SIMPACK. The first part mentions the basics theoretical information about the forces which acts in the bogie for example vertical load, slip or lateral forces of the wheelset. The definition of the theoretical track is listed as well. The second part deals with the basics information about technical specifications of the Y25 bogie and its usage. In the next part, the 3D model of the Y25 bogie is described. This section also describes the simulation, which is performed at different speeds. In the last part, results are evaluated and compared for each speed. Results will be suitable for further academic research and development.
Determining the fuel consumption of a public city bus in urban traffic
Authors: Śmieszek M , Mateichyk V 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The fuel consumption of a public transport bus depends on many factors. Various speeds, acceleration and deceleration modes, stopping times at bus stops and congestion, as well as the load depending on the number of transported passengers have a significant impact on the fuel consumption of the city bus. It is difficult to investigate the influence of these factors on fuel consumption using simple equations to determine the energy efficiency of vehicles. A very useful method in this case is the VSP (Vehicle Specific Power) method. The fuel consumption model based on this method uses a number of parameters. Taking into account the measurement data obtained from the actual mileage of city buses, the relevant parameters of the model were determined. The verified model was used in the process of computer simulation aimed at determining the fuel consumption of the bus in urban traffic. Particular attention was paid to the study of the impact of traffic during rush hours and congestion on fuel consumption. The impact and significance of the selected parameters on the fuel consumption of the city bus were also assessed using computer simulations.
Information system for remote monitoring the vehicle operational efficiency
Authors: Śmieszek M. , Mateichyk V. , Tsiuman M. , Symonenko R. , Gritsuk I. , Bulgakov M. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The article describes the information system for remote monitoring and control of vehicle technical condition and motion modes with the use of modern telematics technologies. There are 17 morphological features in the system, which determine the level of telematic support of the main functional elements of the system to obtain information about vehicle technical condition and motion modes in the appropriate infrastructural conditions. The information model of the system for monitoring of parameters of vehicle technical condition, motion modes and infrastructural characteristics was built. This model is implemented in the information and software complex for remote monitoring of vehicle operational efficiency. The results of experimental studies of freight vehicle operational efficiency on a given route with use of the developed information and software complex are presented. The results show significant influence of the vehicle technical speed and average coolant temperature of its engine on operational efficiency indicators such as fuel consumption, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter emissions on the route characterized by different road height profiles.
Experimental assessment of eigenfrequencies and stiffness of the elastically supported body
Authors: Soukup J , Sapietová A , Skočilas J , Skočilasová B 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The aim of the research is to derive an analytical solution describing the vibrations of railway wagons caused by asymmetrical loading of cargo for prediction of dangerous conditions. A presumption for the dynamic analysis and assessment of the driving quality of railway vehicles is an important experimental determination and verification of the basic characteristics of the suspension respectively. A method for determining these characteristics for two-axle vehicles has been developed and applied. This method requires knowledge of the position of the center of gravity and the main central moments of inertia. Vehicle bodies, chassis frames, and wheelsets are assumed to be rigid bodies under the investigation of these characteristics. The characteristics of the springs are linear or can be linearized. The vehicle body performs a general spatial movement. The result of the investigation is an analytical method to obtain the required characteristics needed for the dynamic analysis of the vehicle.
Numerical study of the vertical vibration of a vehicle model with variable speed
Authors: Sága M , Vaško M , Ságová Z , Jakubovičová L , Handrik M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper deals with the numerical analysis of the general model of vehicle oscillations considering the non-stationarity of random excitation. The model parameters of the applied railway vehicle are deterministic functions. The non-stationary random function will be modelled by the variable speed of the vehicle and the vertical unevenness of the track. The so-called evolutionary Gaussian random process will be considering. The proposed comparative study of the dynamics of the vertical motion of the analysed railway vehicle will be realized using Monte Carlo simulation and a numerical procedure based on the theory of Markov processes. The originality of the article can be found in the implementation and algorithmization of the principles of solving non-stationary oscillation problems of machines. A universal methodology applicable in the dynamics of machines of various purposes is presented.
Capability measurement of non-standard parameters of manufacturing processes
Authors: Turisova R , Markulik S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Capability measurement of manufacturing processes creates basic attributes for the production of conformity products, those that meet the necessary conditions in terms of tolerance limits for all important parameters. They are also important in the supplier-customer relationships context as one of the important easily predictable but highly effective indicators of the quality production of delivered products. In many manufacturing companies, the capability measurement is performed by using capability indicators, where the method of calculation is based on the assumption of normality of the distribution of the measured product parameter, as well as the assumption of constant median value but also variability during the monitored period. However, in practice we often are able to see such parameters of manufacturing products or processes, which do not meet the expectations required in the classical method of capability indexes calculation. The problems are usually in a different than normal models of the distribution of a random variable representing a specific parameter of a product or process, as well as in the excessive variability of median values during the time in these so-called non-standard parameters. There will be presented on the particular manufacturing product, how certain non-conformities occur during the capability indexes measurement indices in the classical way for selected non-standard parameters. The paper describes how it is possible to modify the common method of calculating the mentioned capability indexes in a simple way so that they are applicable in specific production conditions.
Airflow simulation when braking with a disc brake
Authors: Fomina Y , Pavelčík V 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWith an increase in train motion speed, the issue of improving braking systems becomes more and more important, since braking systems have a direct impact on safety of traffic. At high travel speeds, the friction elements heat up strongly, so heat dissipation from the brake discs is essential. Therefore, an important task is to study the aerodynamics of brake discs. To achieve these goals, experimental measurements on a special test bench, or simulation in specialized software packages can be used. The article discusses methods for studying air flow when braking with a disc brake. The simulation methods, turbulence models and software packages used for simulation are considered. The influence of the internal geometry of the discs on ventilation and heat dissipation is considered. Also, the geometry of the disc is analysed using simulation in the specialized software. Based on the simulation results, a conclusion about the influence of the internal disc geometry on the air flow through it is drawn.
Stress and Deformation Analysis of Batch Plates using Finite Element Method
Authors: Lengvarský P , Bocko J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to check the load-bearing capacity of batch plates. The batch plates are used for coating process of ball joints in a gas nitriding furnace. The plates have circular shape with two types of circular holes, the first type of holes are used for gas flow and the second type of holes are used for ball joints. The plates are laid on the supporting frame. The frame is supported in four suspension eyes, it is loaded by the actual weight of the plate and the plate is loaded by the weight of the stored ball joints. From the results is clear that adjustments need to be made on the supporting frame for the safe operation.
Optimization of the drive mechanism with lead screw using Isight software
Authors: Wojtkowiak D , Talaśka K , Konecki K 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The ball screws are characterized with better positioning accuracy and higher efficiency and load ratings than the same size lead screw, but still cannot fully replace their functionality mostly due to the self-locking. Leads screws are recommended especially for such applications as grippers, lifters, presses and vertical positioning drives. By proper selection of the lead screw geometrical features and application of the modern materials, it is possible to obtain much more advantageous parameters of the drive system. In this paper, the methodology of optimization of the drive mechanism with lead screw using Isight software is presented. The performed sensitivity analysis allowed not only to find the influence of various constructional features such as: size of the thread, length of the screw and material properties, on the maximum load capacity of the drive mechanism and its inertia, but also determine its scale impact. The obtained results can improve the design process of lead screw mechanism.