bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pan-cancer analysis of m5C regulator genes reveals consistent epigenetic landscape changes in multiple cancers
Authors: He Yuting , Yu Xiao , Zhang Menggang , Guo Wenzhi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Backgroud5-methylcytosine (m5C) is a reversible modification to both DNA and various cellular RNAs. However, its roles in developing human cancers are poorly understood, including the effects of mutant m5C regulators and the outcomes of modified nucleobases in RNAs. Methods Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we uncovered that mutations and copy number variations (CNVs) of m5C regulatory genes were significantly correlated across 33 cancer types. We then assessed the correlation between the expression of individual m5C regulators and the activity of related hallmark pathways of cancers. After validating m5C regulators' expression based on their contributions to cancer development and progression, we observed their up-regulation within tumor-specific processes. Results Notably, our research connected aberrant alterations to m5C regulatory genes with poor clinical outcomes among various tumors that may drive cancer pathogenesis and/or survival. Conclusions Our results offered strong evidence and clinical implications for the involvement of m5C regulators.
The role of annexin A1 peptide Ac2-26 in regulating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to reduce lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass in rats
Authors: He Yunzi , Zhang Yuanjie , Wu Hanhua , Luo Junli , Cheng Chi , Zhang Hong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The main causes of lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and lung ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury. SIRS activates the complement system, releases a variety of inflammatory factors, causes accumulation of neutrophils in the lung tissue, and produces a large amount of oxygen free radicals, which are the main causes of CPB lung injury.Results: Treatment with Ac2-26 improves oxygenation index, reduces the degree of lung pathological damage and lung inflammation, while LY294002 shows the opposite effect. Conclusions: In short, AnxA1 peptide Ac2-26 activates PI3K /Akt signaling pathway, upregulates the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt, inhibits the expression of p-NF-κB(p65), and reduces the release of inflammatory factors and lung injury after CPB in rats.
Corosolic acid reduces NSCLC cell proliferation, invasion, and chemoresistance via inducing mitochondrial and liposomal oxidative stress
Authors: Jin Mingming , Wu Yue , Lou Yuqing , Liu Xiyu , Dai Yitian , Yang Wenxiao , Liu Congbiao , Huang Gang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Corosolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid isolated from Lagerstroemia speciosa, which is known to inhibit cancer cell proliferations. Whereas, it is unclear whether this compound has any effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Methods: Here, we cultured A549 and PC9 cells in increasing corosolic acid concentrations, as well as treated mice with a physiologically relevant concentration of the compound, and used metabolomics analysis and high-throughput sequencing to examine its influences on cell invasion and proliferation, chemoresistance, and metastasis. Results: We found that corosolic acid inhibited cell invasion and proliferation in vivo and in vitro, as well as increase the chemosensitivity of both cell types to cisplatin. Furthermore, we found that corosolic acid destabilized the glutathione peroxidase 2-mediated redox system, which increased mitochondrial and liposomal oxidative stress. Corosolic acid also decreased the targeting protein for Xklp2 level, which inhibited PI3K/AKT signaling and induced apoptosis. In addition, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species dissociated the CCNB1/CDK1 complex and induced G2/M cell cycle arrest. Conclusion: Taken collectively, the data indicate that corosolic acid reduces NSCLC cell invasion and proliferation, as well as chemoresistance, by inducing mitochondrial and liposomal oxidative stress.
Risk Factors for Dysphagia after Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion with the Zero-P Implant system: A Study with Minimum of 2 Years Follow-up
Authors: Xue Rong , Yu Yang , Yin Mengchen , Ji Zhuyong , Cheng Xingdong , Zhang Zhuqiu , Ding Xing , Zhang Feng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
ObjectiveDysphagia is one of the most common complications after anterior cervical spine surgery. The study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for dysphagia after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with the Zero-P Implant System by multidimensional analysis and investigated the predictive values of these risk factors for dysphagia.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 260 patients who underwent ACDF with the Zero-P Implant System and had at least 2 year of follow-up ware performed. All patients were divided into a non-dysphagia group and a dysphagia group. Sex, age, body mass index (BMI), intraoperative time, estimated blood loss, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, alcohol consumption, prevertebral soft-tissue thickness, the levels of surgery, O-C2 angle, C2–7 angle, T1 slope and segmental angle were analyzed. Chi-square test and logistic regression were performed to analyze the predictive value of each dimension for dysphagia.ResultsIn total, the non-dysphagia group comprised 70 patients and the dysphagia group comprised 190 patients. Chi-square test results indicated that number of operated levels, operation time dT1 slope, dO-C2 angle, dC2–7 angle, segmental angle and dPSTT were associated with a high incidence of dysphagia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that number of operated levels, operation time, dC2–7 angle and dPSTT were significantly associated with postoperative dysphagia.ConclusionsNumber of operated levels, operation time, dC2–7 angle and dPSTT were significantly associated with postoperative dysphagia. In additionally, sufficient preoperative preparation, evaluation combining with proficient and precise treatment measures are suggested to reduce the incidence of postoperative dysphagia when ACDF is performed.
Increased Mitochondrial Dysfunction Associated with Autophagy and Mitophagy in Cerebrospinal Fluid Cells Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Patients with Delayed Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Youn Dong Hyuk , Kim Youngmi , Kim Bong Jun , Jeong Myeong Seon , Lee Jooeun , Rhim Jong Kook , Kim Heung Cheol , Jeon Jin Pyeong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was observed in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) accompanied with delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI); however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We evaluated the mitochondrial dysfunction associated with autophagy and mitophagy in CSF cells for possible insight into DCI pathogenesis. CSF samples were collected from 56 SAH patients (DCI, n=21; and non-DCI, n=35). We analyzed CSF cells using autophagy and mitophagy markers (DAPK1, BNIP3L, BAX, PINK1, ULK1, and NDP52) via qRT-PCR and western blotting of proteins (BECN1, LC3, and p62). Confocal microscopy and immunogold staining were performed to demonstrate the differentially expression of markers within dysfunctional mitochondria. Significant induction of autophagic flux with accumulation of autophagic vacuoles, increased expression of BECN1, LC3-II, and p62 degradation were observed during DCI. DCI patients showed a significantly increased mRNA expression (2-ΔCt) than non-DCI patients: DAPK1, 0.279 (0.220–0.297) in DCI vs. 0.043 (0.021–0.086) in non-DCI; BNIP3L, 0.134 (0.060–0.202) in DCI vs. 0.045 (0.020–0.101) in non-DCI; and PINK1, 0.064 (0.044–0.810) in DCI vs. 0.045 (0.012–0.063) in non-DCI. Other markers including BAX, ULK1, and NDP52 did not differ significantly. The vWF-positive CSF cells showed a colocalization with antibodies for DAPK1, BNIP3L/NIX, PINK1, and BECN1 with dysfunctional mitochondria. Increased dysfunctional mitochondria associated with autophagy and mitophagy are closely associated with DCI pathogenesis.
Evaluation of Parallel Endplate Osteotomy for Severe Rigid Spinal Deformities: A Retrospective Analysis of 36 Cases With a Minimum 2-Year Follow-up
Authors: Liao Hang , Xie Peng , Zheng Guizhou , Miao Houguang , Li Ningdao , Li Xuedong , Du Shixin 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: To report on the technique and results of parallel endplate osteotomy (PEO) for severe rigid spinal deformity.Methods: Between July 2016 and December 2018, 36 patients with severe rigid spinal deformities who underwent PEO were retrospectively reviewed after a minimum follow-up of 24 months.Results: Following PEO, the kyphosis and scoliosis correction rates reached 77.4 ± 14% and 72.2 ± 18.2%, respectively. The median intraoperative estimated blood loss was 1500 mL and the operative time was 6.8 h. The SF-36 scores of physical function, role-physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social function, role-emotional and mental health changed from 62 ± 28, 51 ± 26, 49 ± 29, 35 ± 30, 53 ± 28, 45 ± 30, 32 ± 34 and 54 ± 18 at baseline to 81 ± 16, 66 ± 41, 72 ± 40, 64 ± 44, 75 ± 25, 71 ± 46, 66 ± 34 and 76 ± 28 at one year postoperatively , 82 ± 32, 67 ± 42, 81 ± 30, 71 ± 41, 80 ± 30, 74 ± 36, 68 ± 35 and 85 ± 33 at 18 months postoperatively, and 86 ± 21, 83 ± 33, 88 ± 26, 79 ± 39, 86 ± 36, 86 ± 48, 80 ± 47 and 91 ± 39 at 24 months postoperatively, respectively. Conclusions: PEO is an effective technique for successful correction of spinal deformities. At the two year follow-up visit, all patients achieved better clinical results based on the SF-36 scores.
The Giant Paraganglioma of The Sigmoid Mesentery：A Case Report
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Li Yuan , Yang Xiaojun 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: PGL is originated from pheochromaffin cells in the adrenal paravertebral ganglion and often presented as a slow-growing, painless mass in the clinical, so many PGL are detected by imaging during physical examination. At present, surgery is still the primary treatment for radical treatment of PGL. However, If the disease and medical history cannot be asked in detail before surgery or imaging examination and related tests cannot be finished for diagnosis, the preoperative preparation will be insufficient and increasing the risk of surgery. Here, we reports the treatment of a case with undiagnosed giant sigmoid mesangial PGL before operation.Case presentation: The 56-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital with "intermittent headache and dizziness for 3 years and aggravation for 1 week". Abdominal and pelvic CT showed that round soft tissue density shadow could be seen beside the left iliac artery in the pelvic cavity. The laparoscopic surgery was performed. The patient's blood pressure increased rapidly when the mass was removed intraoperatively, and decreased sharply when it was removed. Postoperative pathological examination showed that is a PGL.Conclusion: For patients diagnosed as space-occupying lesions accompanied by long-term persistent or intermittent hypertension, careful differentiation and diagnosis should be made in combination with the history and relevant examinations to reduce the misdiagnosis rate of the PGL. Meanwhile, the adequate preoperative preparation, intraoperative anesthesia monitoring and postoperative symptomatic supportive treatment should be done to reduce the risk of surgical treatment of this disease in the perioperative period.
Enhanced Catalysis through Structurally Modified Hybrid 2-D Boron Nitride Nanosheets Comprising of Complexed 2-hydroxy-4- methoxybenzophenone Motif
Authors: Rana Pooja , Dixit Ranjana , Sharma Shivani , Dutta Sriparna , Yadav Sneha , Sharma Aditi , Kaushik Bhawna , Rana Pooja , Adholeya Alok , Sharma Rakesh K. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Tuning the scturtrual architecture of the pristine two dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets through rational surface engineering can prove advantageous in the fabrication of competent catalytic materials. Inspired by the performance of h-BN based nanomaterials in expediting key organic transformations, we channelized our research efforts towards engineering the inherent surface properties of the exclusively stacked h-BN through the incorporation of a novel competent copper complex of a bidentate chelating ligand 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone. Delightfully, this hybrid nanomaterial worked exceptionally well in boosting the [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of azide and nitriles, providing a facile access to a diverse variety of highly bioactive tetrazole motifs. A deep insight into the morphology of the covalently crafted h-BN signified the structural integrity of the exfoliated h-BN@OH nanosheets that exhibited lamellar like structures possessing smooth edges and flat surface. This interesting morphology could also be envisioned to augment the catalysis by allowing the desired surface area for the reactants and thus tailoring their activity. The work paves the way towards rational design of h-BN based nanomaterials and adjusting their catalytic potential by the use of suitable complexes for promoting sustainable catalysis, especially in view of the fact that till date only a very few h-BN nanosheets based catalysts have been devised.
Identification and characterization of miRNAs associated with sterile flower buds in the tea tree based on small RNA Sequencing
Authors: Qu Hao , Liu Yue , Jiang Huibing , Liu Yufei , Song Weixi , Chen Linbo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
miRNAs are a type of conserved, small RNA molecule that regulate gene expression and play an important role in the growth and development of plants. miRNAs are involved in seed germination, root development, shoot apical meristem maintenance, leaf development, and flower development by regulating various target genes. However, the role of miRNAs in the mechanism of tea tree flower sterility remains unclear. Therefore, we performed miRNA sequencing on the flowers of fertile male parents, female parents, and sterile offspring.
Results
A total of 55 known miRNAs and 91 unknown miRNAs were identified. In the infertile progeny, 37 miRNAs were differentially expressed; 18 were up-regulated and 19 were down-regulated. miR156, miR157, miR164, miR167, miR169, miR2111 and miR396 family members were down-regulated, and miR160, miR172 and miR319 family members were up-regulated. Moreover, we predicted that the 37 differentially expressed miRNAs target a total of 363 genes, which were enriched in 31 biological functions. We predicted that miR156 targets 142 genes, including ATD1A, SPL, ACA1, ACA2, CKB22 and MADS2.
Conclusion
We detected a large number of abnormally expressed miRNAs in the sterile tea tree flowers, and their target genes were involved in complex biological processes. Among these miRNAs, the down-regulation of miR156 may be the critical factor in the formation of sterile floral buds in tea tree plants.
COVID-19 associated rhinosinusitis mucormycosis due to Rhizopus oryzae: A rare but potentially fatal infection occurring after treatment with corticosteroids
Authors: Tabarsi Payam , Khalili Neda , Pourabdollah Mihan , Sharifynia Somayeh , Naeini Ali Safavi , Ghorbani Jahangir , Mohamadnia Abdolreza , Abtahian Zahra , Askari Elham 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) first emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019, and since then the frequency of bacterial and fungal coinfections has been continuously rising. While invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is increasingly being recognized in association with COVID-19, there is limited information with regards to COVID-19 associated mucormycosis. Here, we describe a 50-year-old woman with uncontrolled diabetes who received systemic corticosteroids and remdesevir during her admission for COVID-19. Few days after discharge, the patient was readmitted due to facial swelling and numbness, and a diagnosis of COVID-19 associated rhinosinusitis mucormycosis due to Rhizopus oryzae was confirmed with PCR and DNA sequencing. This report aims to address the importance of short-term follow-up in COVID-19 patients who have received systemic corticosteroids, particularly those with predisposing conditions, as early detection and prompt, aggressive treatment is essential for the management of invasive fungal infections.
Internal Defects Detection Method of the Railway Track Based on Generalization Features Cluster
Authors: Wu Fupei , Xie Xiaoyang , Guo Jiahua , Li Qinghua 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Many internal defects maybe arise in railway track working, which usually have different shapes and distribution rules. To solve the problem, an intelligent detection method is proposed for internal defects of railway track based on generalization features cluster in this paper. Firstly, defects are classified and counted according to their shapes and locations features. Then, generalized features of defects are extracted and formulated based on the maximum difference between different types of defects and the maximum tolerance among same types of defects. Finally, extracted generalized features are expressed by function constraints, and formulated as generalization feature clusters to classify and identify internal defects of the railway track. Furthermore, a reduced dimension method of the generalization features clusters is presented too in this paper. Based on the reduced dimension feature and strong constrained generalized features, the K-means clustering algorithm is developed for defects clustering, and good clustering results are achieved. To defects in the rail head region, its clustering accuracy is over 95%, and the Davies-Bouldin Index (DBI) index is small, which indicates the validation of the proposed generalization features with strong constraints. Experimental results show that accuracy of the proposed method based on generalization features clusters is up to 97.55%, and the average detection time is 0.12s/frame, which indicates it has good performance in adaptability, high accuracy and detection speed under the complex working environments.
Enhancing the Structural Strength for Injection Molding Tooling With Conformal Cooling Channels Using ANSYS&nbsp;Software
Authors: Kuo Chil-Chyuan , You Zheng-Yan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Injection molding of wax patterns faces increasing demands for production rate. Proper thermal management of the injection molding tooling is capable of improving the production rate. Precise temperature control is a key to shorten the cooling time using the conformal cooling channels which are conformal to the molding cavity. However, the service life of the injection molding tooling with cooling channels will reduce significantly because the structural strength will reduce obviously. In this study, the feasibility of applying the increase in the mold thickness to maintain the structural strength of the injection molding tooling with cooling channels was verified through simulation and experiments conducted. It was found that the average variation between the results of simulation and the experiment is about 24.9%. The approximately amount of the increase in the thickness required for different diameters of cooling channels can be determined according to the trend equation of y=1.3429x-2.3429. The results can provide a reference for the conformal cooling channel design.
Three weekly versus weekly concurrent cisplatin: a matter of safety in head and neck cancer
Authors: Buglione Michela , Alterio Daniela , Maddalo Marta , Greco Diana , gerardi marianna alessandra , Tomasini Davide , Pegurri Ludovica , Augugliaro Matteo , Marvaso Giulia , Turturici Irene , Guerini Andrea , Ansarin Mohssen , Spiazzi Luigi , Costa Loredana , Rocca Maria Cossu , Magrini Stefano Maria , Jereczek-Fossa Barbara Alicja 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background

Radio-chemotherapy with CDDP is the standard for H&N squamous cell cancer. CDDP 100mg/m2/q3 is the standard; alternative schedules are used to reduce toxicity, mostly 40mg/m2/q1.
Methods

Patients were treated from 1/2010 to 1/2017 in two Radiation Oncology Centres. Propensity score analysis (PS) was retrospectively used to compare these two schedules.
Results

Patients analyzed were 166. Most (114/166) had 1w-CDDP while 52 had 3w-CDDP. In the 3w-CDDP group, patients were younger and with better performance status; disease extent was smaller and nodal involvement was more common than in the 1w-CDDP. Acute toxicity was similar in the groups. Treatment compliance was lower in the w-CCDP. OS before PS was better for female, for oropharyngeal disease and for 3w-CDDP group. After PS, survival was not related to the CDDP schedule.
Conclusions

3w-CDDP remains the standard for fit patients, weekly schedule could be safely used in selected patients.
Image features for quality analysis of thick blood smears employed in malaria diagnosis
Authors: Amarís Wendy Marcela Fong , Luna Carol Viviana Martinez , Cortés Liliana Jazmín Cortés , Venegas Daniel Ricardo Suárez 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) provides protocols for the diagnosis of malaria. One of them is related to the staining process of blood samples to guarantee the correct parasite visualization. Ensuring the quality of the staining procedure on thick blood smears (TBS) is a dicult task, especially in rural centers, where there are factors that can a ect the smear quality (e.g. types of reagents employed, place of sample preparation, among others). This work presents an analysis of an image-based approach to evaluate the coloration quality of the staining process of TBS used for malaria diagnosis. Methods: According to the WHO, there are di erent coloration quality descriptors of smears. Among those, the background color is one of the best indicators of how well the staining process was conducted. An image database with 420 images (corresponding to 42 TBS samples) was created for analyzing and testing image-based algorithms to detect the quality of the coloration of TBS. Background segmentation techniques were explored (based on RGB and HSV color spaces) to separate the background and foreground (leukocytes, platelets, parasites) information. Then, di erent features (PCA, correlation, Histograms, variance) were explored as image criteria of coloration quality on the extracted background information; and evaluated according to their capability to classify images as with Good or Bad coloration quality from TBS. Results: For background segmentation, a thresholding-based approach in the SV components of the HSV color space was selected. It provided robustness separating the background information independently of its coloration quality. On the other hand, as image criteria of coloration quality, among the 19 feature vectors explored, the best one corresponds to the 15-bins histogram of the Hue component with classi cation rates of > 97%. Conclusions: An analysis of an image-based approach to describe the coloration quality of TBS was presented. It was demonstrated that if a robust background segmentation is conducted, the histogram of the H component from the HSV color space is the best feature vector to discriminate the coloration quality of the smears. These results are the baseline for automating the estimation of the coloration quality, which is a key component for automating malaria diagnosis of TBS, that has not been studied before.