bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting the efficiency of the rod shredder and the analytical expression of its productivity
Authors: Mironov K E , Mansurov A P , Goeva V V , Grishin N E , Nizovtsev S L 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Shredding is one of the most energy-consuming operations in the feed preparation process. Among the methods of shredder materials, precise cutting is a less energy-consuming process and provides a higher quality of the ready product. The efficiency of grain shredders is usually evaluated as a combination of qualitative and quantitative indicators. When improving the shredding process, it is necessary to ensure that the finished product meets the zoo technical requirements, and the shredder provides high productivity with minimal energy consumption. Quantitative indicators include the productivity of the shredder and specific energy consumption. In practice, it is necessary to separate the energy consumption of the shredding process and the energy consumption of the process, taking into account the degree of shredding. The design of a shredder capable of providing oblique cutting with greater efficiency is proposed. The shredder has a truncated rod that is located on a shaft inside a cylinder with longitudinal holes. In the longitudinal holes of the cylinder there are removable counter-cutting knives. The productivity of the given rod shredder generally depends on the mass of crushed particles passing through the hole per rotation of the rod; the frequency of rotation of the rod and the number of holes. As a result, an analytical formula is expressed that allows calculating the productivity of the rod shredder based on these parameters. The results obtained can be used in the design of shredding machines and will be used in the future when creating an experimental installation of a shredder.
Energy-technological complex of heat treatment of grain using alternative fuels for steam generating
Authors: Osintsev K V , Dudkin M M , Kuskarbekova S I 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The different devices for various purposes and designs are used in the food industry. The article discusses the option of using a new type of a heat exchanger together with a steam generator. Such combined devices are called energy-technological complexes. In particular, it is possible to use alternative fuels, namely mixtures of biogas and coal water slurry for steam production. The wet grain is dried in a heat exchanger using technological steam. Thus, when manufacturing products, it becomes possible to save energy resources, as well as the use of secondary or alternative fuels, which significantly increases the efficiency of the energy-technological complex.
Automatic control of the methionine extraction process from food enterprises wastewater
Authors: Shakhov S V , Molokanova L V , Ponomareva E N , Pugacheva I N , Kutsova A E , Glotova I A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The process of methionine extracting from food enterprises wastewater by ion exchange sorption was studied in work. The optimal conditions for conducting the process of sorption and desorption of methionine on polycondensation cation exchanger KU-5 were determined. The maximum coefficient of ion-exchange equilibrium from aqueous salt solutions in a strongly acidic medium (pH 2) at the sodium sulfate concentration in the equilibrium solution of 2.1 mg-Eq/ml was determined by the analysis of the isotherms of methionine sorption in the sodium form of the KU-5 cation exchanger. Methionine desorption was carried out with a 1% NaOH solution, which allowed crystalline methionine being extracted from the eluate at pH 6.5 at room temperature, this crystalline methionine meeting the requirements of regulatory documentation. An automatic control scheme where the adsorber operates in a closed cycle: sorption–acidic wastewater displacement–desorption and activation of cation exchanger–regenerating solution displacement–sorption, was proposed to optimize the process. The method allows additional measurement of the modes and changing the equipment parameters depending on the rational parameters of the sorption/desorption. This approach allows complete extraction of the target component from wastewater, as well as increases the sorbent use completeness and energy and resource-saving at the enterprise.
Analysis of the volatile compounds’ condensate exhaled air “electronic nose” based on piezoelectric sensor to assess the status of calves
Authors: Kuchmenko T A , Umarkhanov R U , Shuba A A , Dorovskaya E S , Chernitskiy A E 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The article discusses general principles of obtaining diagnostic information using eight chemical piezoelectric gas sensors with nanostructural coverings from exhaled breath condensate for health assessment of the upper respiratory tract of pre-month-old calves. Multidimensional information of an e-nose can be presented in various numeric and visualized matrices, characteristics of which are an integral analytical signal of the sensor array. The research devoted to the search for the techniques of extracting analytical information from multidimensional e-nose data to assess upper respiratory tract state from the appearance of the first sign of respiratory disease to tracheobronchitis and bronchopneumonia. The piezoelectric sensor array is characterized by high sorption activity with priority biomolecules (which are the markers of the abnormal metabolic processes), low cost along with reliable repeatability of sorption properties from batch to batch, the simplicity of application, and fast response and recovery time. Here we present the results of simple algorithms used for assessment of upper respiratory tract state by a 2-minute analysis of odour over 1-ml biosample without sample preparation. It was shown that traditional quantitative parameters of e-nose are not adequate for simultaneous sample grouping and volatile compounds qualitative composition establishing. The additionally calculated sorption parameters Aij are more informative in the analysis of biosamples volatile: using for identification of volatile biomarkers, describe the health state correlating with clinical diagnosis. The sequence of information processing: signals of each sensor, integral characteristic, “visual prints,” additional sorption parameters–allows assessing the calf health virtually in situ without transporting samples to specialized laboratories.
Selection of criteria for achieving heat and moisture resistance of plucker finger of poultry equipment
Authors: Sedykh V A , Karmanova O V , Shcherbakova M S , Koroleva E V , Kazakova A S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper presents the results of studies to increase the life of plucker fingers of poultry farms operating under cyclic deformations in an environment of elevated temperatures and humidity. The limiting indicators of the rubber base of different nature on the elastic-strength indicators of vulcanizes are established. The defining criteria of running life are identified: fatigue resistance to dynamic loads and resistance to thermal-oxidative ageing in a vapour environment. The choice of the nature of rubber according to the criterion of resistance of vulcanizes to thermal ageing was made. Limitations of vulcanizes based on single polyisoprene have been proved due to their instability to thermooxidative ageing. The composition of heat-and-moisture-resistant vulcanizes has been developed. The required level of elastic-strength characteristics before and after wet thermal ageing provided: the combination of polybutadiene and polyisoprene and combination of ingredients. The proposed method of regulating the hardness and modulus of the vulcanizes change in the content accelerator high activity of thiuram disulphide. The effect of thiuram sulfide additives on the kinetics of vulcanization of rubber mixtures and elastic-strength parameters of vulcanizes was studied. The molecular characteristics of the obtained vulcanizes are given. A solution was found to replace foreign-made products. A method is proposed for regulating the hardness and modulus of vulcanizes by changing the content of a high-activity accelerator–thiuram sulfide. This article presents the study of the thiuram sulfide additives effect on the kinetics of vulcanization of rubber mixtures and elastic-strength parameters of vulcanizes. The solution found is to replace foreign-made products.
Modeling of heat and mass transfer processes at frying barley grain with superheated steam
Authors: Kutsov S V , Panon S Yu , Kutsova A E , Babenko D S , Zhirova V V , Matvienko N A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The use of high-temperature inert heat carriers, in particular superheated steam, has become widespread in the technology of frying food products. This process is because superheated steam has significant advantages over other heat carriers used in thermal treatment. Insufficient study of the process of frying barley grain with overloaded steam, unjustified fear for preservation of the quality of the finished product prevent the development of a general method of calculating the process of frying, makes it challenging to choose optimal processing modes and prevents the introduction of frying techniques and technologies into the feed industry. In this connection, it is very relevant to study the mechanism of heat and mass when frying barley grain with overheated steam using mathematical modelling methods. The spatial coordinates and time were taken as the independent coordinates of any point of the wet body. The model of the process of heat and mass transfer in frying barley grain presented by the system of differential equations of the second order in partial derivatives has been developed and solved by numerical methods. Good convergence of calculated and experimental data confirmed the expediency of using a mathematical model for process calculation and analysis of physical and chemical phenomena, development of high-efficiency roasting machines and program-logic algorithms for controlling technological parameters.
The use of ultrasonic exposure in the production of functional beverages based on natural raw materials
Authors: Manukovskaya M V , Dombrovskaya Y P , Klimova E A , Razinkova T A , Korystin M I 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The technology of drinks production makes it possible to create a variety of tastes and use various natural foundations. Expanding the assortment of “wholesome” and “functional” drinks reveals possibilities for controlling the process of biologically active substances entering the body. From a technological point of view, the drink is the most convenient model for creating new products, including the use of natural plant materials. For creating them, traditional extraction methods are often used. They have several drawbacks: they are long, laborious, occur when exposed to high temperatures, which leads to the loss of raw materials of biologically active substances, the taste of aroma, and a decrease in biological value. In this regard, the actual direction of improving technological solutions in this area is the application of the ultrasonic intensification of the extraction process method. Ultrasound can significantly reduce the duration of the process, increase the yield of biologically active target components and improve the organoleptic characteristics of beverage extracts [2]. The work is devoted to the study of the ultrasonic extraction method in the preparation of functional beverages. The obtained data indicate that the use of this method helps to reduce the time of the extractant saturation, increase the antioxidant activity and yield of extractive substances. This result helps to ensure higher organoleptic characteristics of drinks.
The study of the wear of the working elements of the disintegrator and its effect on the degree of grinding of bulk material
Authors: Vasechkin M A , Kustov V Yu , Litvinov E V , Matveeva E V , Pribytkov A V , Chertov E D 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Currently, disintegrators are the most effective devices for producing fine powders. However, they have a significant drawback - the rapid wear of the working elements, affecting the quality of grinding and the duration of the disintegrators without replacing them. As a result of the studies conducted, the influence of wear of working elements on the particle size distribution of crushed sand was evaluated. It was revealed that the main reason for the wear of working elements is abrasive wear caused by the sliding of particles of material on the surface of the working element at the time of their collision. In the process of grinding, the wear rate of the working elements decreases, which is associated with a change in its profile and plastic hardening of the material. An analysis of the shape of the working element showed that its impact surface during the grinding process tends to acquire a profile at which an optimal angle of collision with material particles will be ensured, while all the energy received at the time of impact is spent on splitting the material. The proposed technique can be used in studies to assess the impact of various parameters of the disintegrator and the properties of the material being ground on the degree of wear of the working elements and the quality of grinding.
Evaluation of city energy revolution in China: Taking 40 Surveyed Cities as Examples
Authors: Wang Linyu , Chen Hao , Guo Lei , Yuan Ouyang , Duoduoduan  , Sun Xiangdong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Cities are the main battlefields of world’s energy consumption and energy reform. A comprehensive evaluation of the current progress of China’s city energy reform will help to guide the future direction of China’s energy revolution. This paper collects the indicators of city energy reform from the two dimensions which are energy transition achievement and reform motivation. Based on the 2017 sample data of 40 cities in Chinese mainland, empirical research is conducted using entropy method. Shenzhen, Beijing, Xiamen, Chengdu, Shanghai, Tianjin, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Qingdao, and Mianyang ranked in the top 10. The results of this paper can provide reference for studying the effectiveness of city energy revolution in China and formulating reasonable transition strategies.
Research on Wind Power Generation Technology in New Energy Power Generation
Authors: Gan Zining 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the continuous development of the social economy and the continuous increase of the population, earth resources’ storage is becoming less and less, and the non-renewable resources are gradually depleted. People’s survival will be seriously threatened. Therefore, the development and utilization of renewable resources and clean energy have become our country’s primary task to solve the shortage of resources. The development and utilization of new wind power energy can effectively alleviate the human survival crisis caused by the shortage of coal resources. The article adopts the development status of wind power new energy, and the current development status of grid-connected technology is explored, hoping to help our country’s sustainable development.
Research on the development of domestic and foreign electricity sales markets serving the construction of electricity retail markets
Authors: Yin Shuo , Wang Shiqian , Yang Qinchen , Song Dawei , Yan Jing , Zhang Na 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The retail competition model is the most thorough form of electricity competition. This article elaborates on the concept and evolution of the electricity retail market. In the analysis part of the typical foreign electricity sales market, it focuses on the electricity markets in California, the United Kingdom and Australia; in the part of the analysis of typical domestic electricity sales markets, it focuses on some typical practices in provinces such as Guangdong, Shandong, and Zhejiang. Finally, it summarizes the experience in market access rules, transaction methods, credit management and control.
Analysis on the Rebound Effect of Cold Chain Logistics Energy
Authors: Wu Guiduo 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Cold chain logistics is a low temperature supply chain system that combines the refrigeration industry and logistics. Refrigerated transportation, cold storage, cold chain connection points and other auxiliary activities will cause a certain amount of energy consumption, and related technologies, management, equipment and facilities, Cold storage layout, etc. are all factors that affect energy consumption. Based on this research background, the research on the energy rebound effect of cold chain logistics is based on three aspects: definition, mechanism and empirical test. Based on the endogenous economic growth model, labour-enhancing technological progress and material cold chain logistics are introduced. Based on the assumption of long-term changes in capital, by constructing an invariable substitution elastic function, a theoretical model of the energy rebound effect of cold chain logistics is established, and the calculation formula for the energy rebound effect of cold chain logistics in the long and short term is obtained.
Analysis on the Status Quo of Traction Battery Recycling of New Energy Vehicles and Suggestions on Incentive Measures
Authors: Wang Jingyi , Wang Pan , Xu Shujie , Li Longhui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The management policies of traction battery recycling of new energy vehicles have been released, and relevant enterprises have responded positively. The traction battery recycling industry has developed rapidly and achieved remarkable results. In order to further promote the enthusiasm of traction battery.
Analysis on Echelon Utilization Status of New Energy Vehicles Batteries
Authors: Hu Song , Jiang Xiaotong , Wu Meng , Wang Pan , Li Longhui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
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Research on Lithium-Ion Battery with New Flexible Electrode Materials
Authors: Du Qifei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The thesis studied the thermal characteristics and influencing factors of the flexible electrode material lithium-ion power battery during the charging and discharging process through a combination of experiment and simulation. Studies have shown that the charge and discharge rate, ambient temperature, and state of charge will affect the battery’s thermal characteristics. The greater the charge-discharge rate, the lower the environment, and the lower the state of charge, the greater the battery’s healing power. The higher the temperature rise of the battery. As the discharge rate increases, the proportion of ohmic heat in the total heat increases, and the proportion of polarization heat and reaction heat in the total heat decreases: In the case of high-rate discharge, ohmic heat and polarization heat play a major role: environment the lower the temperature, the greater the total internal resistance of the battery, so that the greater the healing power of the battery, the faster the temperature rise of the battery. Besides, the paper proposes an internal heat source model suitable for lithium-ion batteries. The simulation results show that the proposed model can better reflect the battery’s internal temperature field during the discharge process. Simultaneously, the model is used to simulate the temperature rise of the battery when the battery is working under harsh conditions and the influence of different convective heat transfer coefficients on the battery’s thermal characteristics. The simulation shows that increasing the convective heat transfer coefficient is beneficial to lower the battery’s temperature.
The overview of the development of future energy
Authors: Li Ruidi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The development and utilization of energy have greatly promoted the development of world economy and human society, but the development and utilization of traditional energy have caused environmental problems and human health problems. After reasonable development, it will bring great benefits to human society and impact on the existing energy structure. In the future, the world energy structure will change from traditional energy consumption to new energy consumption.
DStudy on small interference analysis and transmission capacity of UHVAC loop power grid of Shandong–Hebei
Authors: Gao Yu , Xiong Zaibao , Du Shaofei , Geng Xiaohong , Tian Yingtao , Li Yunpeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper studies the main operation characteristics, small interference analysis and transmission capacity of UHVAC in Shandong- Hebei loop power grid. It mainly includes the small interference characteristics and section transmission limit analysis of the certain area under the typical mode and maintenance mode, then the operation limit would be defined, so as to provide basic work for the safety and stability calculation of the loop network in the next stage.
Impact on the voltage amplitude on Microquality detection of QCM
Authors: Guo Kai , Jiang Bo , Li Xingeng , Wu Yaping , Tian Shuang , Mi Chunxu , Zong Lijun , Yao Shuo , Zhu Gengzeng , Wang Weina , Zhao Mingzhe 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The core of environmental pollution detection is quartz crystal microbalance and data acquisition circuit. Under certain conditions, when the quartz crystal vibration surface adsorbs other substances, the natural frequency of quartz crystal vibration changes with the size of adsorption mass, and the frequency is converted into identifiable micro-mass data through the data acquisition circuit. This project USES quartz crystal to detect environmental pollution.
Open Architecture Design of Universal Terminal for Multiple Measurement and Control Scenarios of Distribution Network
Authors: Zhang Ruifeng , Xiao Xiaobing , Tian Hao , Cai Yongxiang , Fu Yu , He Hongliu 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Introduce the IoT platform technology based on SDN (Software Defined Network), cloud-based, flexible management and configuration of smart terminals, and support access to millions of terminal devices and smart operation and maintenance management. The traditional monitoring system is integrated with the Internet of Things platform, and on the basis of realizing the general SCADA system monitoring function, through the side-cloud collaboration, the lean management of the distribution station area is realized.
Research on countermeasures against slurry foaming and poisoning of desulphurization system in coal-fired power plants
Authors: Song Da , Ma Ying , Xue Fangming , Zhang Yulong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
With the completion of the ultra-low emission transformation of coal-fired generating units, the boiler flue gas bypass has been completely cancelled. Under extreme operating conditions of the boiler, the flue gas must pass through the desulfurization system. Excessive dust and unburned fuel in the flue gas enter the desulfurization slurry in large quantities, causing slurry bubbles or even overflow, and indirectly leading to a sharp drop in desulfurization efficiency. The emission concentration exceeds the standard. Based on the analysis of previous research results, the reasons for the foaming and overflow of the desulphurization slurry are summarized. Through theoretical analysis of various causes, the countermeasures against foaming and poisoning of desulphurization slurry were proposed and the feasibility of countermeasures was demonstrated through actual cases. It points out the preventive measures for bubble poisoning of limestone-gypsum wet desulfurization slurry, which has important practical guiding significance for the ultra-low SO2 emission of the flue gas of the desulfurization system of coal-fired power plants.