bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term Prognostic Value of Homocysteine in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Complicated with Hypertension: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Chen Qiang , Ding Xunshi , Cui Caiyan , Ye Tao , Cai Lin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background and aims: This study investigates the long-term prognostic value of homocysteine in patients with acute coronary syndrome complicated with hypertension. Methods:The current work is a multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study. We consecutively enrolled 1288 ACS patients hospitalized in 11 general hospitals in Chengdu, China, from June 2015 to December 2019. The patients were divided into hypertension and non-hypertension groups, and each was further classified into hyperhomocysteinemia (H-Hcy) and normal homocysteinemia (N-Hcy) groups according to the cut-off value of homocysteine predicting long-term mortality during follow-up. In both groups, we used Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analysis to assess the relationship between homocysteine and long-term prognosis. Results: The median follow-up time was 18 months (range: 13.83-22.37). During this period, 78 (6.05%) death cases were recorded. The hypertension was further divided into H-Hcy (n=245) and N-Hcy (n=543), with an optimal cut-off value of 16.81 µmol/L. Similarly, non-hypertension was further divided into H-Hcy (n=200) and N-Hcy (n=300), with an optimal cut-off value of 14 µmol/L. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that H-Hcy had a significantly lower survival probability than N-Hcy, both in hypertension and non-hypertension (P-value<0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that H-Hcy (HR=2.1923, 95% CI: 1.213-3.9625, P＜0.01) was an independent predictor of long-term all-cause death in ACS with hypertension, but not in non-hypertension.Conclusion: Elevated homocysteine level predicts risk of all-cause mortality in ACS with hypertension, but not in those without hypertension. it should be considered when determining risk stratification for ACS, particularly those complicating hypertension.
Dietary Patterns of Persons with Chronic Conditions in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Population
Authors: Brian Tan Yeow Wee , Hua Lau Jue , AshaRani PV , Roystonn Kumarasan , Devi Fiona , Ying Lee Ying , Whitton Clare , Wang Peizhi , Shafie Saleha , Chang Sherilyn , Jeyagurunathan Anitha , Yiang Chua Boon , Abdin Edimansyah , Sum Chee Fang , Lee Eng Sing , Subramaniam Mythily 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Chronic conditions are a leading cause of death and disability worldwide and respective data on dietary patterns remain scant. The present study aimed to investigate dietary patterns and identify sociodemographic factors associated with Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) scores within a multi-ethnic population with various chronic conditions. Method: The present study utilised data from the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on diabetes study in Singapore – a nationwide survey conducted to track the knowledge, attitudes, and practices pertaining to diabetes. The study analysed data collected from a sample of 2,895 Singapore residents, with information from the sociodemographic section, DASH diet screener, and the modified version of the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) version 3.0 checklist of chronic medical conditions. Results: Respondents with no chronic condition had a mean DASH score of 18.5 (±4.6), those with one chronic condition had a mean DASH score of 19.2 (±4.8), and those with two or more chronic conditions had a mean DASH score of 19.8 (±5.2). Overall, the older age groups [35– 49 years (B = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.23 – 2.33, p <0.001), 50–64 years (B = 2.86, 95% CI: 22.24 – 3.47, p <0.001) and 65 years and above (B = 3.45, 95% CI: 2.73 – 4.17, p <0.001)], Indians (B = 2.54, 95% CI: 2.09 – 2.98, p <0.001) reported better diet quality, while males (B = -1.50, 95% CI: -1.87 – -1.14, p <0.001) reported poorer diet quality versus females. Conclusion: Overall, respondents with two or more chronic conditions reported better quality of diet while the sociodemographic factors of age, gender and ethnicity demonstrated a consistent pattern in correlating with diet quality, consistent with the extant literature. Results provide further insights for policymakers to refine ongoing efforts in relation to healthy dietary practices for Singapore.
The Relationship between Stress and Health-related Quality of Life is Mediated by Shoulder Pain, Shoulder Disorder, and Depression
Authors: Lee Myung Kyung , Oh Jihyun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the mediating effect of shoulder pain, shoulder disorder, and depression in the relationship between stress and health-related quality of life in middle-aged women using a serial mediation model. For this study, data was collected from middle-aged women aged between 35 and 64 living in Seoul, South Korea, from May 13, 2021 to May 23, 2021. Data regarding stress, health-related quality of life, shoulder pain, shoulder disorder, and depression were collected using a self-reported, structured survey. SPSS macro process (Model 6) was used, and the relationship between stress and health-related quality of life of participants were analyzed using serial mediation analysis using shoulder pain, shoulder disorder, and depression as variables. From the results of the study, it was observed that stress has a statistically direct impact on health-related quality of life. On performing serial mediation analysis, shoulder pain, shoulder disorder, and depression were found to be statistically significant, which predicts the relationship between stress and health-related quality of life; the variables showed an explanatory power of 33% for influencing the quality of life. Therefore, the relationship between stress and health-related quality of life was found to be partially mediated by shoulder pain, shoulder disorder, and depression. This study suggests the need for healthcare workers to develop a method, such as exercise intervention programs based on various degrees and types of physical activity, for improving the health-related quality of life and reducing stress caused by shoulder pain, shoulder disorder, and depression in middle-aged women.
Evaluating the Effects of Antimicrobial Drug Use On the Ecology of Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Community Structure in Beef Feedlot Cattle
Authors: Doster Enrique , Pinnell Lee J. , Noyes Noelle R. , Parker Jennifer K. , Anderson Cameron A. , Booker Calvin W. , Hannon Sherry J. , McAllister Tim A. , Gow Sheryl P. , Belk Keith E. , Morley Paul S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAntimicrobial drugs (AMDs) are used in beef production to treat clinical disease and to prevent or control infections in groups of cattle. Use of AMDs in food producing animals has received increasing scrutiny because of concerns about antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that might affect consumers. Previously, investigations regarding AMR have focused largely on phenotypes of selected pathogens and indicator bacteria, but genes that confer AMR are known to be distributed and shared throughout microbial communities. Use of high-throughput metagenomic sequencing provides a holistic perspective on AMR ecology by examining determinants within the entire microbiome. The primary objective of this study was to employ metagenomic sequencing to investigate the effects of AMD use on the microbiome and resistome in beef feedlot cattle. ResultsThis study leveraged the use of archived samples that were collected during a previous longitudinal study of cattle at beef feedlots in Canada. This included fecal samples collected from randomly selected individual cattle, as well as composite-fecal samples from randomly selected pens of cattle. All AMD use was recorded and characterized across different drug classes using animal defined daily dose (ADD) metrics. Samples were analyzed using AMR target-enriched shotgun sequencing to characterize the fecal resistome and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to characterize the microbiome. Overall, the fecal resistome composition was dominated by alignments to gene accessions conferring resistance to tetracycline and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (MLS) drug classes. The diversity of bacterial phyla was greater early in the feeding period and decreased over time as the microbiome shifted toward a similar composition dominated by Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Antimicrobial drug exposures in individuals and groups were associated with explaining a statistically significant proportion of the variance in the resistome, but their contribution to the variance was small compared to other factors measured in this study.ConclusionsTime in the feedlot was associated with greater changes in the microbiome and resistome for both individual animals and pen-floor samples, although the proportion of the variance associated with this factor was small. Results of this study are consistent with other investigations showing that AMD exposures did not have strong effects on the microbial ecology of beef cattle.
Nonstructural Versus Structural Bone Grafting for Interbody Fusion in the Treatment of Lumbar Tuberculosis by a Single Posterior Approach
Authors: Zhao Zenghui , Li Jianxiao , Luo Wei , Zhu Yong , Du Xing , Ou Yunsheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background Many types of bone grafting have been reported for successful use in the treatment of lumbar spinal tuberculosis. However, none-structural bone grafting has rarely been studied. This study was aimed to identify the clinical efficacy of nonstructural with structural bone graft for interbody fusion in the surgical treatment of single segment lumbar tuberculosis after one stage posterior debridement.Methods We retrospectively reviewed patients with nonstructural (n=27) and structural (n=22) bone grafting after single-stage posterior debridement and instrumentation for lumbar tuberculosis with at least 24 months of follow-up. Plain radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography scans, and health-related outcomes (e.g., Visual Analog Scale for back pain, the Oswestry Disability Index) were collected and analyzed before and after surgery. Results Both nonstructural and structural bone grafting were associated with significant improvements in the life quality parameters, the laboratory tests, and the Cobb angle of local kyphosis. A slight loss of Cobb angle correction was observed in two groups. Nonstructural bone grafting exhibited the advantages of less operation duration, blood loss and lower bone fusion rate compared with structural bone grafting. There were three complications in the nonstructural bone grafting and four complications in the structural bone grafting group, with no significant difference between two groups.Conclusions In conclusion, nonstructural bone grafting can achieve comparable interbody fusion to structural bone grafting but has less surgical trauma and simpler surgical procedure than structural bone grafting in the treatment of single segment lumbar tuberculosis after one stage posterior debridement and pedicle screws fixation.
Determining Mobile Learning Potentialities in Emerging Computing Paradigms: an Exploratory Approach for Performance Optimization
Authors: Mohiuddin Khalid , Islam Mohammad Aminul , Khaleel Mohammad Abdul , Miladi Mohamed Nadhmi , Nasr Osman A. , Khan Sajid Ali , Khan Mohiuddin Ali , Fatima Huda 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
More alike than different: Novel methods for measuring and modeling executive function development
Authors: Younger Jessica , O'Laughlin Kristine , Anguera Joaquin , Bunge Silvia , Ferrer Emilio , Hoeft Fumiko , McCandliss Bruce , Mishra Jyoti , Rosenberg-Lee Miriam , Gazzaley Adam , Uncapher Melina 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Executive functions (EFs) are linked to positive outcomes across the lifespan. Yet, methodological challenges have prevented rigorous understanding of the precise ways EFs are organized in childhood and how they develop over time. We introduce novel methods to address these challenges for both measuring and modeling EFs using a large, accelerated longitudinal dataset from a diverse sample of students in middle childhood (approximately ages 8 to 14; N = 1,286). Adaptive assessments allowed us to equate EF challenge across ages and a data-driven, network analytic approach revealed the evolving diversity of EFs while accounting for their unity. Our results suggest EF organization stabilizes around age 10, but continues refining through at least age 14. This approach brings new precision to EFs’ development by removing interpretative ambiguities associated with previous methodologies. By improving EF measurement, the field can move towards improving EF training, to provide a strong foundation for students’ success.
What are the contributions of native plants to the urban ecosystem?
Authors: Altay Elvan Ender , Zencirkıran Murat 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
For the coming years, it is a potential danger that the ecosystems existing in urban areas will be heavily affected, especially under the pressure of climate change. In the face of this danger, it is of great importance to ensure the sustainability of life chains in urban areas. In this context, a good understanding of the natural landscape and the adoption of local species make important contributions to urban areas for sustainable ecosystems. Natural plants interact with all physical and biotic factors in their areas and contribute to the life of natural living communities by easily adapting to environmental conditions. This research was carried out in Bursa (Turkey), which has a rich flora in terms of natural plant taxa. The contributions of 72 woody taxa in Bursa flora to the ecosystem were examined. The relationships that emerged in terms of the criteria examined revealed important results. The existence of a positive relationship between features, which are considered among ecological criteria in terms of contribution to the ecosystem, such as shelter for animals, being a food source, being a food source for humans, attracting butterflies, attracting bees, and preventing erosion, shows that the use of native plants is extremely important for the preservation of ecosystem integrity in urban areas.
Drivers of Past and Predicted Changes of Rainfall in and Around Mainland Southeast Asia
Authors: Skliris Nikolaos , Marsh Robert , Haigh Ivan D. , Wood Melissa , Hirschi Joel , Darby Stephen , Quynh Nguyen Phu , Hung Nguyen Nghia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Observational rain gauge/satellite and reanalysis datasets since the 1950s are evaluated for trends in mean and extreme rainfall over Mainland Southeast Asia (MSEA). Rain gauge data indicate strong increases exceeding 50% in both annual mean precipitation and various extreme precipitation indices over Vietnam and the northwestern part of the peninsula since 1979. Increasing precipitation in MSEA is associated with increased monsoon intensity in southeast Asia and a northward shift of the monsoon activity centre towards MSEA over 1979-2018. Re-analysis data reveal warming-driven increases in evaporation over the seas adjacent to MSEA, including the main oceanic source regions feeding precipitation over the peninsula - the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the South China Sea. Furthermore, moisture budget analysis based on the ERA5 re-analysis also showed increasing oceanic moisture transport along the typical winter and summer moisture pathways towards the MSEA. However, the majority of the increased moisture from these oceanic sources ends up as summer precipitation over the oceanic regions adjacent to the MSEA. In contrast, the ERA5 data do reveal pronounced increases in winter precipitation over the MSEA, in accordance with rain-gauge data, that are associated with increased transport of moisture that originated from the western tropical Pacific and the South China Sea. Long-term amplification of the regional hydrological cycle is further investigated, through analysis of CMIP5 coupled climate models in historical and RCP4.5/8.5 21st century scenario simulations. The CMIP5 ensemble mean shows robust wide-spread trends in wet season precipitation with increasing frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation events over the MSEA, following strong increases in evaporation in the oceanic moisture sources.
Severe Vancomycin-Induced IgA Bullous Dermatosis Case Report
Authors: Bawadkji Mohamad Malek , Potluri Sai Deepika , Dangol Raj , Siu Michael Man Kit , Shrestha Rabin K , Wolff Marcos A , Haas Christopher J. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Linear IgA Bullous Dermatosis is a rare autoimmune blistering disease with an incidence of about 0.5 to 2.3 cases per million individuals per year. Although multiple reports have documented drug exposure as a precipitating factor, formal studies validating the existence of drug-induced LABD are lacking. A 49-year-old man with history of intravenous drug use presented with left hip pain of three weeks duration after sustaining a fall. On presentation he was hemodynamically stable and physical examination was notable for poor dentition, gingivitis, stigmata of IV drug use with associated cellulitis on right antecubital fossa and proximal left thigh tenderness with stiffness and limited range of movement. Laboratory diagnostics were remarkable for elevated inflammatory markers, with no evidence of leukocytosis. CT scan without contrast of the left lower extremity that demonstrated severe left hip osteoarthritis without fracture or dislocation. Blood Cultures were collected and empirically started on Vancomycin and Piperacillin/Tazobactam for right elbow cellulitis. The patient continued to experience severe pain, prompting incision and drainage of the left hip along with acetabuloplasty, removal of the femoral head, and Stage I hip replacement with placement of prophylactic prosthetic cement spacer with Vancomycin and Tobramycin. Within twenty-four hours of surgery, he developed multiple distinct maculopapular/bullous lesions of his torso and medial thigh that rapidly progressed, involving the oral mucosa, scrotum, glans, hands, and feet with associated periorbital edema. Punch biopsy was performed and due to involvement of ~20% body surface area and transferred to a tertiary center. H&E and immunostaining of the histological sample demonstrated IgA bullous disease. The patient’s bullous lesions improved two weeks after discontinuation of Vancomycin and initiation of therapy. This case demonstrates the importance of early recognition of the rare adverse effects of commonly used medications. Vancomycin is currently used more frequently given the recent rise in the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. Further studies are needed to understand the pathophysiology, genetic predisposition, and disease penetrance.
Gravitational cells and gravitational strings as a necessary part of the gravitational field. Obtaining new physical formulas and indicators (the formula for the gravitational constant, the formula for the mass of the hydrogen atom, etc.)
Authors: Chernov Andrey 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this work, for the first time, it was possible to build into the gravitational field such concepts as gravitational cells and gravitational strings. This made it possible to obtain such scientific results as the formula for the gravitational constant, the formula for the proportion between the mass-energy of the electron and the proton, the formula for the hydrogen atom, the formula for the gravitational quantum, etc. These formulas were fully confirmed by experimental data. In this study, Planck's formula was successfully embedded in the gravitational field, resulting in significant scientific results. In this work, the concept of a gravitational quantum is introduced and its value is determined. Also, a new physical constant was obtained - the mass of the gravitational cell of a black hole.
Evaluation of the Efficiency of Supinator Tendon Transfer to Wrist Extensor in Brachial Plexus Injuries at C7-T1, A Case Study Based on OpenSIM Modelling Approach
Authors: Karimi mohammad , Namazi Hamid 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe incidence of brachial plexus injuries (BPI) is increasing due to improvement in transportation technology. Those with BPI have upper limb performance limitation depends on the type of injury. Various surgical treatments have been used in this group of the subjects to restore their performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of supinator transferred to wrist extensors in those with lesion level at C7-T1 based on OpenSim modelling approach.MethodThe motions of the upper limb during vertical reaching, transverse reaching and wrist motion of a normal subject were achieved by use of motion analysis system. The ranges of motion of the upper limb joints were evaluated by inverse kinematic. OpenSim software was used to determine the muscles forces during aforementioned tasks. Tendon of supinator was transferred to extensors in modified models of OpenSim. Forward dynamic approach was used to determine the range of motion in tendon transferred condition. ResultsThe range of wrist motion in normal condition (extensors intake) were 85, 103 and 140 degrees for the first task (transverse reaching), the second task (vertical reaching) and the third task (only flexion/extension of wrist), respectively. Although the force of supinator was significantly less than that of wrist extensors, the pattern of its force is the same as wrist extensors.
Characterization of GFDM Signal with Timing Offset, CFO, Non-Linearity, and PN
Authors: Yazdani Fereshteh , Mohammadi Abbas , Abdipour Abdolali , Kazemi Mohammad 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

In this paper, we study the joint effects of timing offset (TO), carrier frequency offset (CFO), nonlinear power amplifier distortion, and phase noise (PN) on generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) system. Closed form expressions for signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) at GFDM receiver with synchronization errors and PN using a nonlinear power amplifier is derived. Then, we have been conducted simulation studies to compare the performance of GFDM systems with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems using matched filter (MF) and zero forcing (ZF), in presence of these impairments. The results show that GFDM systems are more robust against TO and PN while they are more sensitive to CFO and nonlinear distortion compared to OFDM systems.
Novel QTL For Lodging Resistance, PRL4, Improves Physical Properties With High Non-Structural Carbohydrate Accumulation of Basal Culms in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)
Authors: Kashiwagi Takayuki 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Resistance to lodging, an important problem in rice production, has three types: low plant height, strong culm, and high strength of the lower part of the plant. The determinants of strength of the lower part remains unclear, compared with plant height and culm strength. This study identified a new genetic factor involved in the strength of the lower part, as assessed by pushing resistance, using chromosomal segment substitution lines (CSSLs) to clarify the determinants of strength of the lower part by functional analysis of the CSSL and the near isogenic line (NIL) harboring the identified quantitative trait locus (QTL). QTL analysis identified the QTL for increasing pushing resistance on chromosome 4, PRL4, which was not related to days to heading. The CSSL with PRL4 showed increased pushing resistance and physical strength of the basal culm, but decreased filled grain ratio and grain weight. The NIL with PRL4, developed by backcrossing this CSSL, improved pushing resistance and the strain of culm until breaking under compression, and did not decrease yield traits. These lines with PRL4 increased the accumulation of non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) in the basal culm at the fully ripe stage. Thus, the genetic control of NSC accumulation in culms by PRL4 may improve the strength of the lower part by enhancing culm toughness with strength and ductility.