bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 2-Minute Cognitive Screener for Predicting 1-Year Functional Recovery and Survival in Older Adults After Hip Fracture Repair
Authors: Fortes-Filho Sileno de Queiroz , Aliberti Márlon Juliano Romero , Melo Juliana de Araújo , Apolinario Daniel , Sitta Maria do Carmo , Suzuki Itiro , Garcez-Leme Luiz Eugênio 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Implementing cognitive assessment in older people admitted to hospital with hip fracture—lying in bed, experiencing pain—is challenging. We investigated the value of a quick and easy-to-administer 10-point Cognitive Screener (10-CS) in predicting 1-year functional recovery and survival after hip surgery.

Methods
Prospective cohort study comprising 304 older patients (mean age = 80.3 ± 9.1 years; women = 72%) with hip fracture consecutively admitted to a specialized academic medical center that supports secondary hospitals in Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area, Brazil. The 10-CS, a 2-minute bedside tool including temporal orientation, verbal fluency, and three-word recall, classified patients as having normal cognition, possible cognitive impairment, or probable cognitive impairment on admission. Outcomes were time-to-recovery activities of daily living (ADLs; Katz index) and mobility (New Mobility Score), and survival during 1-year after hip surgery. Hazard models, considering death as a competing risk, were used to associate the 10-CS categories with outcomes after adjusting for sociodemographic and clinical measures.

Results
On admission, 144 (47%) patients had probable cognitive impairment. Compared to those cognitively normal, patients with probable cognitive impairment presented less postsurgical recovery of ADLs (77% vs 40%; adjusted sub-hazard ratio [HR] = 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.32–0.62) and mobility (50% vs 30%; adjusted sub-HR = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.34–0.79), and higher risk of death (15% vs 40%; adjusted HR = 2.08; 95% CI = 1.03–4.20) over 1-year follow-up.

Conclusions
The 10-CS is a strong predictor of functional recovery and survival after hip fracture repair. Cognitive assessment using quick and easy-to-administer screening tools like 10-CS can help clinicians make better decisions and offer tailored care for older patients admitted with hip fracture.
Advances in mouse genetics for the study of human disease
Authors: Brown Steve D M 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The mouse is the pre-eminent model organism for studies of mammalian gene function and has provided an extraordinarily rich range of insights into basic genetic mechanisms and biological systems. Over several decades, the characterization of mouse mutants has illuminated the relationship between gene and phenotype, providing transformational insights into the genetic bases of disease. However, if we are to deliver the promise of genomic and precision medicine, we must develop a comprehensive catalogue of mammalian gene function that uncovers the dark genome and elucidates pleiotropy. Advances in large-scale mouse mutagenesis programmes allied to high-throughput mouse phenomics are now addressing this challenge and systematically revealing novel gene function and multi-morbidities. Alongside the development of these pan-genomic mutational resources, mouse genetics is employing a range of diversity resources to delineate gene–gene and gene–environment interactions and to explore genetic context. Critically, mouse genetics is a powerful tool for assessing the functional impact of human genetic variation and determining the causal relationship between variant and disease. Together these approaches provide unique opportunities to dissect in vivo mechanisms and systems to understand pathophysiology and disease. Moreover, the provision and utility of mouse models of disease has flourished and engages cumulatively at numerous points across the translational spectrum from basic mechanistic studies to pre-clinical studies, target discovery and therapeutic development.
Population genomics of the Eastern Rock Lobster,Sagmariasus verreauxi, during spawning stock recovery from over-exploitation
Authors: Woodings Laura N , Murphy Nicholas P , Liggins Geoffrey W , Miller Marcus E , Ballinger Giles M , Lau Sally C Y , Strugnell Jan M 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFisheries are currently under pressure to provide increasing amounts of seafood, causing a growing number of marine stocks to be harvested at unsustainable levels. To ensure marine resources remain sustainable, careful management of biological stocks and their genetic integrity is required. The Eastern Rock Lobster, Sagmariasus verreauxi, is commercially harvested along the New South Wales (NSW) coast of eastern Australia and is managed as a single unit. Due to overfishing, the NSW S. verreauxi stock was severely depleted in the mid-1990s but has since been rebuilding. This study evaluates the population genetic structure, putative local adaptation, and potential of a population bottleneck for NSW S. verreauxi. Using neutral single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we determined NSW S. verreauxi consist of a single genetic stock, with outlier SNPs detecting weak genetic divergence among offshore locations, and evidence of population bottlenecks at all locations. Our findings (i) confirm a single management unit is appropriate; (ii) can be used as a baseline for future genetic monitoring of NSW S. verreauxi; and (iii) highlights the importance of implementing routine genetic monitoring and collecting temporal samples to understand the full impact of overfishing on a species resilience.
Novel anti-GARP antibody DS-1055a augments anti-tumor immunity by depleting highly suppressive GARP+ regulatory T cells
Authors: Satoh Kazuki , Kobayashi Yoichi , Fujimaki Kaori , Hayashi Shinko , Ishida Saori , Sugiyama Daisuke , Sato Takahiko , Lim Kyungtaek , Miyamoto Megumi , Kozuma Shiho , Kadokura Michinori , Wakita Kenichi , Hata Masato , Hirahara Kazuki , Amano Masato , Watanabe Ichiro , Okamoto Atsushi , Tuettenberg Andrea , Jonuleit Helmut , Tanemura Atsushi , Maruyama Shoichi , Agatsuma Toshinori , Wada Teiji , Nishikawa Hiroyoshi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells, which are essential for maintaining self-tolerance, inhibit anti-tumor immunity, consequently hindering protective cancer immunosurveillance, and hampering effective anti-tumor immune responses in tumor-bearing hosts. Here, we show that depletion of Treg cells via targeting glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP) induces effective anti-tumor immune responses. GARP was specifically expressed by highly suppressive Treg cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of multiple cancer types in humans. In the periphery, GARP was selectively induced in Treg cells, but not in effector T cells, by polyclonal stimulation. DS-1055a, a novel afucosylated anti-human GARP monoclonal antibody, efficiently depleted GARP+ Treg cells, leading to the activation of effector T cells. Moreover, DS-1055a decreased FoxP3+CD4+ T cells in the TME and exhibited remarkable anti-tumor activity in humanized mice bearing HT-29 tumors. We propose that DS-1055a is a new Treg-cell-targeted cancer immunotherapy agent with augmentation of anti-tumor immunity.
Consumer Minimalism
Authors: Wilson Anne V , Bellezza Silvia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Minimalism in consumption can be expressed in various forms, such as monochromatic home design, wardrobe capsules, tiny home living, and decluttering. This research offers a unified understanding of the variegated displays of minimalism by establishing a conceptual definition of consumer minimalism and developing the 12-item Minimalist Consumer Scale to measure the construct. Three distinct dimensions of consumer minimalism are identified: number of possessions (reflecting the ownership of few possessions), sparse aesthetic (reflecting the preference for simple and uncomplicated designs), and mindfully curated consumption (reflecting the thoughtful selection of possessions). A series of studies, using samples from a variety of populations (N = 3,735) demonstrates the validity and reliability of the tridimensional Minimalist Consumer Scale, situates the measure conceptually and empirically within a broader nomological network of related constructs (e.g., voluntary simplicity, frugality, green values, materialism), and documents the scale’s ability to predict relevant consumer preferences and behaviors.
Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Kiwifruit in Northern Italy: Phenology, Infestation, and Natural Enemies Assessment
Authors: Francati Santolo , Masetti Antonio , Martinelli Riccardo , Mirandola Daniele , Anteghini Giacomo , Busi Riccardo , Dalmonte Francesco , Spinelli Francesco , Burgio Giovanni , Dindo Maria Luisa 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is an Asian invasive plant-feeding insect and an emerging kiwifruit pest. Knowledge about the BMSB dynamics and damage to kiwifruit outside the bug native range is scarce. This 2-yr study was aimed at describing phenology and infestation dynamics of BMSB in green-fleshed and yellow-fleshed kiwifruits. Natural enemies were investigated as well. Field surveys were performed weekly in two sites in Northern Italy by pheromone-baited traps and visual samplings, from early Spring to mid-Autumn. All BMSB life stages were collected and kept under observation to assess occurrence of parasitoids. A sample of fruit was dissected weekly to detect BMSB feeding injuries. In 2018–2019, BMSB was found throughout the growing season with two generations per year with a large overlapping of all life stages. Pheromone-baited traps and visual samplings gave consistent results and can be both considered effective sampling methods on kiwifruit. Fruit injuries were significantly related to kiwifruit development stage, weekly captures of BMSBs by traps, and cultivar. Several BMSB egg masses were found on kiwifruit leaves. Anastatus bifasciatus Geoffroy (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), a native egg parasitoid with Palearctic distribution, emerged from 20.14% of eggs in 2018, but the percent parasitism dropped to 0.47% in 2019. In both years, other natural enemies were found exerting negligible pressure on BMSB populations. The determination of reliable economic thresholds for BMSB on kiwifruit is urgently needed to develop a robust and sustainable integrated pest management (IPM) strategy, and this study provides data towards that direction.
The combined application of the anti-RAS1 and anti-RIM101 2'-OMethylRNA oligomers enhances Candida albicans filamentation control
Authors: Barbosa Ana , Araújo Daniela , Henriques Mariana , Silva Sónia 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Although antisense oligomers (ASOs) have been successfully utilized to control gene expression, they have been little exploited to control Candida albicans virulence's determinants. Filamentation is an important virulence factor of C. albicans, and RAS1 and RIM101 genes are involved in its regulation. Thus, the main goal of this work was to project ASOs, based on 2'-OMethyl chemical modification, to target RAS1 and RIM101 mRNA and to validate its application either alone or in combination, to reduce Candida filamentation in different human body fluids.
It was verified that both, anti-RAS1 2'OMe and anti-RIM101 2'OMe oligomers, were able to reduce the levels of RAS1 and RIM101 genes’ expression and to significantly reduce C. albicans filamentation. Furthermore, the combined application of anti-RAS1 2'OMe oligomer and anti-RIM101 2'OMe oligomer enhances the control of C. albicans filamentation in artificial saliva and urine.
Our work confirms that ASOs are useful tools for research and therapeutic development on the control of candidiasis.
Fundamental relations for the velocity dispersion of stars in the Milky Way
Authors: Sharma Sanjib , Hayden Michael R , Bland-Hawthorn Joss , Stello Dennis , Buder Sven , Zinn Joel C , Kallinger Thomas , Asplund Martin , De Silva Gayandhi M , D’Orazi Valentina , Freeman Ken , Kos Janez , Lewis Geraint F , Lin Jane , Lind Karin , Martell Sarah , Simpson Jeffrey D , Wittenmyer Rob A , Zucker Daniel B , Zwitter Tomaz , Chen Boquan , Cotar Klemen , Esdaile James , Hon Marc , Horner Jonathan , Huber Daniel , Kafle Prajwal R , Khanna Shourya , Ting Yuan-Sen , Nataf David M , Nordlander Thomas , Saadon Mohd Hafiz Mohd , Tepper-Garcia Thor , Tinney C G , Traven Gregor , Watson Fred , Wright Duncan , Wyse Rosemary F G 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
We explore the fundamental relations governing the radial and vertical velocity dispersions of stars in the Milky Way, from combined studies of complementary surveys including GALAH, LAMOST, APOGEE, the NASA Kepler and K2 missions, and Gaia DR2. We find that different stellar samples, even though they target different tracer populations and employ a variety of age estimation techniques, follow the same set of fundamental relations. We provide the clearest evidence to date that, in addition to the well-known dependence on stellar age, the velocity dispersions of stars depend on orbital angular momentum Lz, metallicity, and height above the plane |z|, and are well described by a multiplicatively separable functional form. The dispersions have a power-law dependence on age with exponents of 0.441 ± 0.007 and 0.251 ± 0.006 for σz and σR, respectively, and the power law is valid even for the oldest stars. For the solar neighbourhood stars, the apparent break in the power law for older stars, as seen in previous studies, is due to the anticorrelation of Lz with age. The dispersions decrease with increasing Lz until we reach the Sun’s orbital angular momentum, after which σz increases (implying flaring in the outer disc) while σR flattens. For a given age, the dispersions increase with decreasing metallicity, suggesting that the dispersions increase with birth radius. The dispersions also increase linearly with |z|. The same set of relations that work in the solar neighbourhood also work for stars between 3 &lt; R/kpc &lt; 20. Finally, the high-[α/Fe] stars follow the same relations as the low-[α/Fe] stars.
Frequency analysis of OGLE-IV photometry for classical Cepheids in Galactic fields: non-radial modes and modulations
Authors: Rathour Rajeev Singh , Smolec Radosław , Netzel Henryka 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
We analyse photometry of ∼2000 Galactic Cepheids available in the OGLE Collection of Variable Stars. We analyse both Galactic disc and Galactic bulge fields; stars classified both as single- and multiperiodic. Our goal was to search for additional low-amplitude variability. We extend the sample of multimode radial pulsators by identifying 10 new candidates for double mode and 6 new candidates for triple-mode pulsation. In the first overtone OGLE sample, we found 12 Cepheids with additional periodicity having period ratio $P_{\rm x}/P_{\rm 1O}\in (0.60,\, 0.65)$. These periodicities do not correspond to any other radial mode. While such variables are abundant in the Magellanic Clouds, only one Cepheid of this class was known in the Galaxy before our analysis. Comparing our sample with the Magellanic Cloud Cepheids, we note a systematic shift towards longer pulsation periods for more metal rich Galactic stars. Moreover, in 11 stars we find one more type of additional variability, with characteristic frequencies close to half of that reported in the group with (0.60, 0.65) period ratios. Two out of the above inventory show simultaneous presence of both signals. Most likely, origin of these signals is connected to excitation of non-radial pulsation modes. We report three Cepheids with low-amplitude periodic modulation of pulsation: two stars are single-mode fundamental and first overtone Cepheids and one is a double-mode Cepheid pulsating simultaneously in fundamental and in first overtone modes. Only the former mode is modulated. It is a first detection of periodic modulation of pulsation in this type of double-mode Cepheids.
Finding protoclusters to trace galaxy evolution – I. The finder and its performance
Authors: Wang Kai , Mo H J , Li Cheng , Chen Yangyao 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
We develop a method to identify protoclusters based on dark matter haloes represented by galaxy groups selected from surveys of galaxies at high redshift. We test the performance of this method on haloes in N-body simulations, and find that it can correctly identify more than 85 per cent of the true protoclusters with $\gtrsim 95$ per cent purity and with mass estimates typically within 0.25 dex from their true values. We show how the information provided by the protoclusters can be used to link galaxies in present-day clusters of galaxies with their high-redshift progenitors. Our tests show that the protoclusters identified by our method can recover reliably the progenitor stellar mass distribution of galaxies, thereby providing an avenue to investigate the formation and evolution of present-day galaxy clusters and their member galaxies.
Probing the He ii re-Ionization ERa via Absorbing C iv Historical Yield (HIERACHY) I: A strong outflow from a z ∼ 4.7 quasar
Authors: Yu Xiaodi , Li Jiang-Tao , Qu Zhijie , Roederer Ian U , Bregman Joel N , Fan Xiaohui , Fang Taotao , Johnson Sean D , Wang Feige , Yang Jinyi 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
Outflows from supermassive black holes (SMBHs) play an important role in the co-evolution of themselves, their host galaxies, and the larger scale environments. Such outflows are often characterized by emission and absorption lines in various bands and in a wide velocity range blueshifted from the systematic redshift of the host quasar. In this paper, we report a strong broad line region (BLR) outflow from the z ≈ 4.7 quasar BR 1202-0725 based on the high-resolution optical spectrum taken with the Magellan Inamori Kyocera Echelle (MIKE) spectrograph installed on the 6.5 m Magellan/Clay telescope, obtained from the ‘Probing the He ii re-Ionization ERa via Absorbing C iv Historical Yield’ (HIERACHY) project. This rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) spectrum is characterized by a few significantly blueshifted broad emission lines from high ions; the most significant one is the C iv line at a velocity of $\sim -6500$ km s−1 relative to the H α emission line, which is among the highest velocity BLR outflows in observed quasars at z &gt; 4. The measured properties of UV emission lines from different ions, except for O i and Ly α, also follow a clear trend that higher ions tend to be broader and outflow at higher average velocities. There are multiple C iv and Si iv absorbing components identified on the blue wings of the corresponding emission lines, which may be produced by either the outflow or the intervening absorbers.
Evidence for Fe Kα line and soft X-ray lag in NGC 7456 ultraluminous X-ray source-1
Authors: Mondal Samaresh , Różańska Agata , De Marco Barbara , Markowitz Alex 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT
We report the first detection of an Fe Kα line and soft X-ray lag in the ultraluminous X-ray (ULX) source NGC 7456 ULX-1. The XMM–Newton spectra show the presence of the 6.4 keV Fe line at 2.6σ confidence and an upper limit on the FWHM of 32900 km s−1. Assuming that the line arises by reflection from a Keplerian disk, it must originate beyond 85rg from the compact object. As a result of Fourier timing analysis, we found that the soft X-ray photons lag behind the hard X-ray photons with a ∼1300 s delay. The covariance spectra indicate that the hard spectral component is responsible for the correlated variability and the soft X-ray lag. This is the second ULX in which an Fe Kα line is found, the fifth with a soft X-ray lag, and the first with both features detected.
Epigenetic effect of the mycotoxin fumonisin B1 on DNA methylation
Authors: Sugiyama Kei-ichi , Kinoshita Mawo , Furusawa Hiroko , Sato Kaoru , Honma Masamitsu 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Mycotoxin fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a secondary metabolite that is produced by certain Fusarium species. Although numerous studies demonstrate toxic and carcinogenic effects of FB1, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the epigenetic effects of FB1 for the first time using FLO assays, which detect epigenetic changes that affect the flocculation gene (FLO1) promoter activity in budding yeast. FLO assays showed increased reporter activities of the FLO1 promoter in the presence of 10 and 20 µM FB1. FB1 (20 µM) treatments also promoted flocculation. In subsequent in vitro methylation assays of a bacterial DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), FB1 treatments increased DNMT activities. Moreover, global DNA methylation was significantly increased in HEK293 cells treated with 100 µM FB1. Taken together, these results suggest that FB1 exposure leads to unique epigenetic alterations due to increased DNMT activities and demonstrate that FB1 may be an important risk factor for epigenetic dysfunction-associated human diseases including cancer.
Osteoprotegerin predicts cardiovascular events in patients treated with haemodialysis
Authors: Wu Ping-Hsun , Glerup Rie Io , Svensson My Hanna Sofia , Eriksson Niclas , Christensen Jeppe Hagstrup , Linde Torbjörn , Ljunggren Östen , Fellström Bengt 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background
Disturbances in bone mineral metabolism are associated with increased mortality and cardiovascular events (CVEs). However, the association between bone-associated protein biomarkers, mortality and CVEs independent of cytokine activation remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate bone-associated protein biomarkers and the association with inflammatory cytokines and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes.

Methods
This prospective study enrolled haemodialysis patients in Denmark between December 2010 and March 2011. Using a proximity extension proteomics assay, nine bone-associated proteins were examined: cathepsin D (CTSD), cathepsin L1 (CTSL1), dickkopf-related protein 1, fibroblast growth factor 23, leptin, osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and TRAIL receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2). The importance of the bone-associated protein markers was evaluated by a random forest (RF) algorithm. The association between bone-associated proteins with all-cause death, CV death and CVEs was analysed in multivariable Cox models adjusted for age, gender, comorbidities, laboratory data and dialysis duration.

Results
We enrolled 331 patients [63.7% men; mean age, 65 years (standard deviation 14.6)] in a prospective cohort study with 5 years of follow-up. When adjusting for confounders, CTSL1 remained associated with all-cause death and four biomarkers were associated with CVEs. However, the association between bone markers and the outcomes was attenuated after adjusting for inflammatory proteins and only OPG remained associated with CVEs in the adjusted model. Evaluating the importance of bone markers by RF, OPG was the most important marker related to CVEs. OPG also improved the prediction of CVEs in integrated discrimination improvement and net reclassification improvement analyses.

Conclusions
OPG, a well-known bone biomarker, was associated with CVEs independent of cytokine activity. In contrast, the association between CVEs and the remaining three bone-associated proteins (TRAIL-R2, CTSD and CTSL1) was affected by cytokine inflammation activity.