bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Stratification System of Ferroptosis and Iron-Metabolism Related Lncrnas Guides the Prediction of The Survival of Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Fangchao , Niu Ren , Li Yishuai , Dong Zefang , Qin Xuebo , Li Zhirong , Li Shujun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: As the major type of esophageal cancer (ESCA), esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is also related to the highest malignant level and low survival rates across the world. Increasing people recognize long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as significant mediators in regulating ferroptosis and iron-metabolism. Determining the prognostic value of ferroptosis and iron-metabolism related lncRNAs (FIRLs) in ESCC is thus critical. Methods: Pearson’s correlation analysis was carried out between ferroptosis and iron-metabolism-related genes (FIRGs) and all lncRNAs to derive the FIRLs. Based on weighted gene co-expression network exploration (WCGNA), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and Cox regression analysis, a risk stratification system was established. According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, the predictive ability and clinical relevance of the risk stratification system were evaluated. The validity of the established prognostic signature was further examined in TCGA (training set) and GEO (validation set) cohorts. A nomogram with enhanced precision for forecasting OS was set up on basis of the independent prognostic elements. Gene Ontology (GO) term enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were applied for the identification of pathways in which FIRLs significantly enriched. we used cell culture, transfection, CCK-8, and qRT-PCR as in vitro assays. Results: An 3-FIRLs risk stratification system was developed by multivariate Cox regression analysis to divide patients into two risk groups. Patients in the high-risk group had worse prognosis than patients in the low-risk group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed the risk stratification system was an independent prognostic indicator. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis proved the predictive accuracy of the signature. The area under time-dependent ROC curve (AUC) reached 0.853 at 1 year, 0.802 at 2 years, 0.740 at 5 years in the training cohort and 0.712 at 1 year, 0.822 at 2 years, 0.883 at 5 years in the validation cohort. Functional enrichment analysis predicted potential associations of 49 possible upstream regulated FIRGs with ferroptosis and iron-metabolism processes and oncological signatures. Analysis of the immune cell infiltration landscape showed that ESCC in the high-risk group tended be immunologically “cold”. In vitro experiments suggested that LINC01068 promoted ESCC cell proliferation. Conclusion: The risk stratification system based on FIRLs could serve as a reliable tool for forecasting the survival of patients with ESCC.
Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer using Green Communication Based on 5G Wireless Communication
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed Zohair , Prabu P , Senthilnathan T , Renukadevi Thangavel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) has given new opportunities for dealing with the energe shortage problem in wireless networks.Green transmission for 5G cellular networks of mobile cloud access networks based on SWIPT is being examined. Considering SWIPT as a future potential solution for increasing the battery life, this technique improves energy efficiency (EE). One of the technologies is wireless communication to transfter the power used to give sufficient resources to energy-constrained networks that have consequences for 5G and the internet of things (IoT), energy efficiency, co-operative communication and suitable are supported by the SWIPT. To enhance the capacity, data rate improvement, and better performance of quality of services of further networks. In addition to these criteria, it is also our moral responsibility to protect the environment of wireless networks by lowering power usage. As a result, green communication is a critical requirement. We looked at a variety of strategies for power optimization in the impending 5G network in this article. The utilization of relays and microcells to enhance the network’s energy efficiency is the main focus. The many relaying scenarios for next-generation networks have been discussed.
Pearson’s Redundancy Multi-Filtering with BAT Algorithm for Selecting High Dimensional Imbalanced Features
Authors: Alluhaidan Ala Saleh , P Prabu , R Sivakumar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Feature selection plays a vital role for every data analysis application. Feature selection aims to choose prominent set of features after removing redundant and irrelevant features from original set of features. High Dimensional dataset poses a challenging task for Machine Learning algorithms. Many state-of-art solutions were developed to handle this issue. High dimensionality in addition to imbalance ratio in the dataset becomes a tedious task. To overcome the issue, this paper introduces a novel method namely Pearson’s Redundancy Based Multi Filter algorithm with improved BAT algorithm (PRBMF-iBAT) to obtain multiple feature subsets. PRBMF is implemented using multiple filters to obtain highly relevant features. iBAT algorithm uses these features to find best subset of features for classification. The results prove that PRBMF-iBAT perform better for the classifier in terms of Accuracy, Precision, Recall and F- Measure for three micro array datasets with SVM classifier. The proposed system achieves 97.99% of accuracy as highest compared to the existing rCBR-BGOA algorithm.
What matters most in acute care: an interview study with older people living with frailty
Authors: Oppen James David van , Coats Timothy John , Conroy Simon Paul , Lalseta Jagruti , Phelps Kay , Regen Emma , Riley Peter , Valderas Jose M , Mackintosh Nicola J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Healthcare outcome goals are central to person-centred acute care, however evidence among older people is scarce. Older people who are living with frailty have distinct requirements for healthcare delivery and have distinct risk for adverse outcomes from healthcare. There is insufficient evidence for whether those living with frailty also have distinct healthcare outcome goals. This study explored the nature of acute care outcome goals in people living with frailty.
Methods
Healthcare outcome goals were explored using semi-structured patient interviews. Participants aged over 65 with Clinical Frailty Score 5-8 (mild to very severe frailty) were recruited during their first 72 hours in a UK hospital. Purposive, maximum variation sampling was guided by lay partners from a Patient and Public Involvement Forum specialising in ageing-related research. Qualitative analysis used a blended approach based on framework and constant comparative methodologies for the identification of themes. Findings were validated through triangulation with participant, lay partner, and technical expert review.
Results
The 22 participants were aged 71 to 98 and had mild to very severe frailty. One quarter were living with dementia. Most participants had reflected on their situation and considered their outcome goals. Theme categories (and corresponding sub-categories) were ‘Autonomy’ (information, control, and security) and ‘Functioning’ (physical, psychosocial, and relief). A novel ‘security’ theme was identified, whereby participants sought to feel safe in their usual living place and with their health problems. Those living with milder frailty were concerned to maintain ability to support loved ones, while those living with most severe frailty were concerned about burdening others.
Conclusions
Outcome goals for acute care among older participants living with frailty were influenced by the insecurity of their situation and fear of deterioration. Patients may be supported to feel safe and in control through appropriate information provision and functional support.
Effects of electronegativities and charge delocalization on Q2 Raman shifts of alkaline- and alkaline earth-bearing glasses and metasilicate crystals
Authors: Nesbitt H. Wayne , Dean Phil A.W. , Bancroft Michael , Henderson Grant S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Raman shifts of the symmetric stretch of silicate Q2 species vary over a range of ~90 cm−1 in crystals and glasses containing alkali and alkaline earth oxides. The shifts display a striking, sympathetic relationship with the electronegativity of the alkali and alkaline earth metals (M), with the highest frequency observed for Mg-silicate glasses and crystals and the lowest frequency for Cs-bearing glasses. Frequencies are determined primarily by the electron density on constituent Si and O atoms of the Q2 tetrahedra, as measured by Si 2p and O 1s X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). The electron density is, in turn, determined by the extent to which electronic charge is transferred from the modifier metal “M” to the NBO of the Q2 tetrahedron. The charge transferred to NBO is redistributed (delocalized) over all atoms of the tetrahedron by the four equivalent Si sp3 orbitals. Although negative charge accumulates on all atoms of the tetrahedron, it accumulates preferentially on Si. Coulombic interactions among Si and all O atoms are thus weakened, resulting in decreased force constants and lowered symmetric stretch frequencies of Q2 species.
Density functional theoretical (DFT) calculations on six staggered and eclipsed M6Si2O7 (M = Li, Na, K) molecules corroborate the findings. Charge is transferred from the metal atoms to NBO and delocalized over tetrahedra in accordance with Li, Na, and K electronegativities. Calculated Si-O force constants and Raman shifts decrease with decreasing electronegativity of the cation but surprisingly, calculated Si-NBO bond lengths are largely unaffected, with all being similar at 1.665 ± 0.003 Å.
Performance evaluation of CFSR, MERRA-2 and TRMM3B42 data sets in simulating river discharge of data-scarce tropical catchments: a case study of Manafwa, Uganda
Authors: Nakkazi Maria Theresa , Sempewo Jotham Ivan , Tumutungire Martin Dahlin , Byakatonda Jimmy 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Data scarcity has been a huge problem in modelling catchments especially in the tropical region. Satellite data and different statistical methods are being used to improve the quality of conventional meteorological data. However, their potential needs to be further investigated. This paper evaluates the performance of three datasets in simulating discharge of River Manafwa, Uganda. Two reanalysis datasets were selected for studying both rainfall and temperature, whereas a satellite algorithm was selected for studying rainfall alone. MERRA-2 data and CFSR were chosen as the reanalysis datasets whereas TRMM3B42 data were used as the satellite product in this study. The SWAT model was used to evaluate the performance of these datasets. The model performance indicators indicated that, at daily time steps, all the three datasets produced values of Nash -Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE&lt;0.4), coefficient of determination (R2&lt;0.4) and Percent Bias +25%. Despite a general underperformance compared to MERRA-2, CFSR performed better than TRMM. On applying generated bias corrections for precipitation and temperature climate data, overall results showed that the bias-corrected data outperformed the original data. We conclude that, in the absence of gauged hydro-meteorological data, bias-corrected MERRA-2, CFSR and TRMM data could be used for simulating river discharge in data-scarce areas.
IMPACTO DO FECHAMENTO DA BOLSA DE VALORES DE NOVA YORK (NYSE) SOBRE O RISCO DE MERCADO DAS EMPRESAS NEGOCIADAS NA BM&FBOVESPA: UM ESTUDO SOBRE A ÓTICA DA INTERDEPENDENCIA ENTRE MERCADOS
Authors: Barbosa Josilene da Silva , Ribeiro Flávio , Consoni Silvia , Soares Rodrigo Oliveira , Frega José Roberto 
Published: November 2021

Na última semana de outubro de 2012, devido ao fenômeno climático Sandy, a Bolsa de Valores de Nova York (NYSE) suspendeu suas operações por dois dias consecutivos (29 e 30 de outubro). Concomitantemente, a Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo (BM&FBovespa) teve seu volume de negociações reduzido, o que pode estar relacionado à integração entre mercados. O objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em verificar se o fechamento da NYSE, nos dias 29 e 30 de outubro de 2012, alterou o risco de mercado das empresas brasileiras de capital aberto. Para a consecução da pesquisa, procedeu-se a uma análise de quebra estrutural utilizando o teste de Chow (1960) em uma amostra de 198 empresas. Os resultados indicaram que, dentre as empresas componentes da amostra, 60% apresentaram quebra estrutural nos dias analisados. Para essas empresas a significância do teste manteve-se entre 0,0000 a 0,0469 (dia 29) e 0,0000 a 0,0411 (dia 30). A análise segmentada por setor indica que os setores de Tecnologia da Informação (87,50%, 7 empresas) e de Petróleo, Gás e Biocombustíveis (83,33%, 5 empresas) apresentaram os maiores escores de quebra estrutural, seguidos pelos setores de Telecomunicações (80,00%), Bens Industriais (64,71). Ainda, das 20 empresas da amostra que negociam ADR’s na NYSE, 75% apresentaram quebra estrutural.Palavras-chave: Interdependência. Mercado de Capitais. Quebra Estrutural.
Crise hídrica em Vitória da Conquista-BA: Subsídios às políticas públicas para o abastecimento de água
Authors: Conceição Renaildo Santos 
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a disponibilidade hídrica no sistema de captação Água Fria II (SCAFII), localizada no município de Barra do Choça. A pesquisa teve como temática a crise hídrica que aconteceu entre maio de 2016 a julho de 2017 na cidade de Vitória da Conquista. Os resultados sobre a oscilação do volume útil de água da barragem e sobre a capacidade de recuperação do volume útil poderão trazer esclarecimentos, bem como conscientização à população e órgãos públicos sobre possíveis vulnerabilidades e incentivos para esforços e ações que visem à economia e uso racional dos recursos hídricos. Frente às pesquisas, comprovou-se que o SCAFII passou por momentos críticos, em que no período de racionamento, a barragem chegou a 31,75% de sua capacidade hídrica. Este problema e alerta se intensificam ainda mais quando se leva em consideração que a região está inserida no clima semiárido, apresenta longos períodos de escassez de chuvas. Averiguou-se, ainda, com os questionários aplicados, que as pessoas estão conscientes da necessidade de economizar e que para isso 36% reutilizam a água, 55% se esforçam para reduzir o consumo e 9% aproveitam a água da chuva para economizar e evitar o uso do SCAFII.
Contralateral Posterior Putaminal 18F-Fluorodopa Uptake in Mild Stage Parkinson’s Disease: A PET/CT Study
Authors: Zhou Lei-Lei , Wang Si-Yu , Tian You-Yong , Jiang Teng , Chen Yu-Chen , Huang Ting , Zhang Ying-Dong , Wang Feng 
Published: November 2021

Objective:
Previous studies revealed that 18F-FDOPA uptake was significantly decreased
in the subregions of striatum contralateral to the side with predominant symptoms and was helpful
for improving the early diagnostic accuracy of PD. However, in these studies, more than half of the
PD patients already have bilateral motor symptoms (mH&Y stage≥2). This study was aimed to extend
previous findings to a milder disease stage.

Methods:
Sixteen PD patients with only mild and unilateral motor symptoms (mH&Y stage=1 and
disease duration≤2 years) and 22 healthy controls were involved. Striatal 18F-FDOPA uptake was
analyzed using a ratio approach.

Results:
The SORs in the subregions of the contralateral striatum, including caudate, anterior putamen
and posterior putamen were significantly decreased in the mild stage PD patients. The SOR
for the contralateral posterior putamen had the largest area under the receiver operating characteristic
curve (0.963) and separated mild stage PD patients from healthy controls with a sensitivity of
93.75% and a specificity of 95.45% when the cut-off value of <2.160 was selected.

Conclusion:
These data indicate that contralateral posterior putaminal 18F-FDOPA uptake may represent
a potential marker for early diagnosis of PD, especially in patients with only mild and unilateral
motor symptoms.
Plasma Retinol Binding Protein 4 as a Biomarker for Detecting Progressive Stroke and Prediction of Early Prognosis in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Liu Shuqiong , Li Jiande , Rong Xiaoming , Wei Yingmei , Peng Ying , Shen Qingyu 
Published: November 2021

Aim and Purpose:
Progressive Stroke (PS) lacks effective treatment measures and leads
to serious disability or death. Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) could be closely associated with
acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We aimed to explore plasma RBP4 as a biomarker for detecting the
progression in patients with AIS.

Methods:
Participants of this retrospective study were 234 patients with AIS within the 48 h onset
of disease. The primary endpoint was to ascertain if there was PS through the National Institute of
Health stroke scale (NIHSS); the early prognosis was confirmed through the modified Rankin scale
score (mRS) at discharge or 14 days after the onset of stroke, and the significance of demographic
characteristics and clinical data was determined.

Results:
In this study, 43 of 234 patients demonstrated PS. The level of plasma RBP4 in patients
with progressive stroke was significantly lower (29 mg/L, 22.60-40.38 mg/L) than that without progression
(38.70 mg/L, 27.28-46.40 mg/L, P = 0.003). In patients with lower plasma RBP4, the proportion
of patients with progression (χ2 = 9.63, P = 0.008) and with mRS scores ≥2 (χ2 = 6.73, P
= 0.035) was significantly higher. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a lower
RBP4 level on admission was an independent risk factor for progressive stroke during hospitalization
with an OR value of 2.70 (P = 0.03, 95% CI: 1.12-6.52).

Conclusion:
A low plasma RBP4 level on admission could be an independent risk factor of PS during
hospitalization.
Immunomodulatory Effects of Allium sativum L. and its Constituents
against Viral Infections and Metabolic Diseases
Authors: del Rayo Camacho-Corona María , Camacho-Morales Alberto , Góngora-Rivera Fernando , Escamilla-García Erandi , Morales-Landa Juan Luis , Andrade-Medina Mariana , Herrera-Rodulfo Aldo Fernando , García-Juárez Martín , García-Espinosa Patricio , Stefani Tommaso , González-Barranco Patricia , Carrillo-Tripp Mauricio 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Allium sativum L., or garlic, is one of the most studied plants worldwide
within the field of traditional medicine. Current interests lie in the potential use of garlic as a preventive
measure and adjuvant treatment for viral infections, e.g., SARS-CoV-2. Even though it cannot
be presented as a single treatment, its beneficial effects are beyond doubt. The World Health Organization
has deemed it an essential part of any balanced diet with immunomodulatory properties.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to review the literature on the effects of garlic compounds and
preparations on immunomodulation and viral infection management, with emphasis on SARS-CoV-
-2.

Method:
Exhaustive literature search has been carried out on electronic databases.

Conclusion:
Garlic is a fundamental part of a well-balanced diet which helps maintain general
good health. The reported information regarding garlic’s ability to beneficially modulate inflammation
and the immune system is encouraging. Nonetheless, more efforts must be made to understand
the actual medicinal properties and mechanisms of action of the compounds found in this plant to
inhibit or diminish viral infections, particularly SARS-CoV-2. Based on our findings, we propose a
series of innovative strategies to achieve such a challenge in the near future.
Whole Body Choice Reaction Time (WBCRT-C1) to Detect Cognitive
Impairment in Patients with Depressive Disorder (DD): A
Case-Control Study
Authors: Khode Vitthal , Babu Girish , Gadad Arun , Patil Satish , Ruikar Komal , Keerti B. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Depressive disorder (DD) is a state of multiple neuro-
psychological deficits, and cognitive testing has proven to be beneficial in
guiding the treatment of depression. Since these neuro-cognitive testings require
a great deal of time and skill, measuring Reaction time (RT) can prove an alternative
method of measuring cognition. RT is a sensitive tool to measure attention
and execution. In our study, whole-body choice reaction time (WBCRT) is divided
into 2 chronoscopic readings, WBCRT-C1 and WBCRT-C2. WBCRT-C1
measures the time required for central processing in the central nervous system,
which includes cognition, and WBCRT-C2 measures total RT, which includes
central processing and peripheral processing.

Objectives:
The objective of the study was to measure and compare WBCRT-C1
in DD and controls and assess the correlation between WBCRT-C1 with MMSE
and HAM-A scores.

Methods:
Hospital-based case-control study was conducted on a total of 68
young subjects, including 34 subjects of DD aged between 18-45 yrs, and their reaction
times were compared with a similar number of age- and sex-matched controls.

Results:
WBCRT-C1 was more delayed in patients of DD (807±245 ms) than in
controls (579±99ms). A significant correlation was found between WBCRT-C1
and MMSE (r=-0.7371, p=0.0001), and HAM-A scores (r=0.3395 p=0.0046).

Conclusion:
WBCRT-C1 could be a quantitative tool to assess cognitive dysfunction
in DD.
Csalások a pénzügyi ágazatokban
Authors: Hegedűs Mihály 
Published: November 2021

A társadalmi erőforrásokért folyó vetélkedés arra ösztönzi a gazdasági szereplőket, hogy a gazdasági előnyszerzés érdekében megszegjék az etikai alapokon nyugvó üzleti szabályokat.
A digitalizált adatok egyre bonyolultabbá teszik azok valósságtartamának ellenőrzését. A Wirecard-botrány és a COVID-19 válság hatására átalakul majd a körülöttünk lévő környezet, megváltozik a világról alkotott gondolkodásunk, felgyorsítja a digitalizációs eszközökkel előállított adatok lehetséges kontrolljának vitáit, a nemzetközi számvitel minél szélesebb körű bevezetésének problémakörét.
A 2007-es gazdasági válság óta általánosságban és mérhetően növekszik a csalások lehetőségének mértéke az állami megrendelések, az építőipar, az ingatlankereskedelem, az olaj- és gázipar, a nehézipar és a bányászat, illetve a pénzügyi ágazatokban, amelyeket az egyes országok kormányai új adózási-ellenőrzési módszerek felhasználásával próbálnak megakadályozni. A COVID-19 járvány következtében feltehetően megvalósuló gazdasági válság stagnáló gazdaságaiban majd egyre kevesebb megrendelésen osztoznak a szereplők, a verseny erősödése következtében pedig fokozódik a csalás lehetősége vagy kényszere. A válságok vagy a pénzügyi szektorban kezdődnek vagy az az egyik károsultja, elszenvedője lesz. Az elmúlt évtizedekben a pénzügyi botrányok miatt ugyan nem rendült meg a bizalom a pénzügyi szektor iránt, de sérült azon általánosan elfogadott közvélekedés, hogy a pénzügyi szektor szigorúan szabályozottsága miatt a csalásokkal nem érintett, nem fertőzött terület. A pénzügyi szektort érintő nemzetközi események rámutattak arra, hogy a pénzügyi szervezetekben a cég törvényes működését biztosító belső eljárásrendek nem akadályozták meg a belső visszaéléseket, mert az elkövetésben közreműködők egy része az irányítók közül került ki.
Az általánosítások miatt a pénzügyi botrányokban közvetlenül nem érintett pénzügyi és ellenőrző szervezetek integritását is jelentős érdeksérelem éri, a bizalmat csak közös erőfeszítéssel, törvényi szigorításokkal, annak megfelelő kommunikációjával sikerülhet ismét helyreállítani.