bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS STRUKTUR SAMPAH DAN KOMPOSISI KIMIA LIMBAH CAIR (LEACHATE) DI TEMPAT PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH AKHIR (TPSA) CIANGIR KOTA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Natawijaya Dedi , Meylani Vita 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui struktur sampah dan komposisi kimia limbah cair (Leachate) di Tempat Pengolahan Sampah (TPA) Ciangir Kecamatan Tamansari, Kota Tasikmalaya. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat mengetahui potensi pencemaran yang disebabkan oleh limbah padat maupun cair yang ada di TPA Ciangir. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel sampah adalah dengan mengambil contoh sampah sebanyak 10 % dari setiap truk yang datang setiap hari, sedangkan untuk limbah cair diambil dari tiga titik kolam penampungan limbah cair yaitu di titik pemasukan air limbah, di kolam penampungan dan di saluran pembuangan limbah. Selanjutnya sampel sampah dipilah sesuai dengan pengelompokkan tertentu dan analisis limbah cair dianalisis di laboratorium untuk menentukan kandungan kimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komposisi sampah di TPA Ciangir secara berurutan dari yang terbesar adalah bahan organik (52 %), tekstil (20 %), plastik (15 %), kertas (6 %), logam dan kaca masing-masing 1 %. Kandungan logam berat seperti Hg ( 0,0008 mg/L), Cd ( 0,003 mg/L), As (0.002 mg/L), masih di bawah baku mutu, namun demikian untuk Cr (0,14 mg/L), COD (147,13 mg/L), BOD (422,6 mg/L) dan TSS (4,269 mg/L) termasuk di atas baku mutu dan berpotensi menjadi pencemar sehingga harus dilakukan pengolahan agar tidak mencemari sumber air di masyarakat. Kandungan hara utama pada kompos adalah C organik 15 %, N 2 %, P2O5 1 %, pH 6 dan K2O sangat rendah.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI SITOKININ DAN JENIS MEDIA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKSPLAN BUKU STEVIA (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.) TETRAPLOID
Authors: Mirah Teja , Undang Undang , Sunarya Yaya , Ermayanti Tri Muji 
Published: November 2021

Stevia adalah tanaman mengandung pemanis alami steviol glukosida yang mempunyai kadar manis 70-400 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan dari gula tebu. Perbanyakan stevia dapat dilakukan dengan kultur jaringan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan eksplan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terbaik antara konsentrasi sitokinin dan jenis media terhadap pertumbuhan eksplan buku stevia tetraploid. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan 2 faktor dimana faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi sitokinin dengan 12 taraf yaitu kontrol, Kinetin 0,25; 0,5; 0,75 mg/L kombinasi dengan BAP 1; 2 mg/L dan faktor kedua adalah jenis media dengan 2 taraf yaitu MS dan DKW. Setiap perlakuan mempunyai 12 ulangan. Data dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam dengan uji F dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan dengan taraf nyata 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi antara konsentrasi sitokinin dan jenis media terhadap semua parameter pertumbuhan. Penambahan BAP 1 mg/L pada media DKW menghasilkan tinggi tunas, jumlah daun dan jumlah tunas lateral lebih baik dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya dengan rata- rata tinggi tunas 10,63, rata-rata jumlah daun 111,17 dan rata-rata jumlah tunas lateral 23,42. Kinetin 0,25 mg/L dan kontrol pada media MS serta kombinasi Kinetin 0,5 mg/L dan kontrol pada media DKW menghasilkan jumlah akar lebih baik dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Kinetin 0,25 mg/L pada media MS menghasilkan akar lebih banyak yaitu 6,50.
Sexual Harassment, Abuse and Healing in East Africa.
Authors: Kochalumchuvattil Thomas 
Published: November 2021

Sexual harassment is a serious problem in East Africa. Sexual harassment can occur where one person uses a position of authority to compel another person to engage in an otherwise unwanted sexual activity. Sexual harassment leaves inner wounds in a person that affect negatively their psychological and spiritual lives. In the context of Africa, often it is women who are the targets of sexual harassment but not always. This paper addresses one of the most pernicious violations of that trust. Not only in East Africa, but globally, children are traumatized by sexual abuse, harassment, and discriminatory behaviour at the hands of those on whom they rely for their well-being. In my ministry of teaching, giving motivational seminars and advising secondary school girls and boys in academic issues and in their process of growth through adolescent period, I personally have come across many similar cases. It provoked me to think about the problem. Therefore, in this paper I intend to address some of the issues of sexual harassment, give a brief explanation of what these experiences are, bring to awareness some of the causes, explore their impact on growth and development and propose some ways of enabling such victims to seek healing and integration
Physically Motivated Fit to Mass Surface Density Profiles Observed in Galaxies
Authors: Sánchez Almeida Jorge , Trujillo Ignacio , Plastino Angel R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Polytropes have gained renewed interest because they account for several seemingly disconnected observational properties of galaxies. Here we study whether polytropes are also able to explain the stellar mass distribution within galaxies. We develop a code to fit surface density profiles using polytropes projected in the plane of the sky (propols). Sérsic profiles are known to be good proxies for the global shapes of galaxies and we find that, ignoring central cores, propols, and Sérsic profiles are indistinguishable within observational errors (within 5% over five orders of magnitude in surface density). The range of physically meaningful polytropes yields Sérsic indexes between 0.4 and 6. The code has been systematically applied to ∼750 galaxies with carefully measured mass density profiles and including all morphological types and stellar masses (

7
<

log

[

M

⋆

/

M

⊙

]
<
12

). The propol fits are systematically better than Sérsic profiles when

log

(

M

⋆

/

M

⊙

)
≲
9

and systematically worse when

log

(

M

⋆

/

M

⊙

)
≳
10

. Although with large scatter, the observed polytropic indexes increase with increasing mass and tend to cluster around m = 5. For the most massive galaxies, propols are very good at reproducing their central parts, but they do not handle well cores and outskirts overall. Polytropes are self-gravitating systems in thermal meta-equilibrium as defined by the Tsallis entropy. Thus, the above results are compatible with the principle of maximum Tsallis entropy dictating the internal structure in dwarf galaxies and in the central region of massive galaxies.
Study of the Inner Structure of the Molecular Torus in IRAS 08572+3915 NW with Velocity Decomposition of CO Rovibrational Absorption Lines*
Authors: Onishi Shusuke , Nakagawa Takao , Baba Shunsuke , Matsumoto Kosei , Isobe Naoki , Shirahata Mai , Terada Hiroshi , Usuda Tomonori , Oyabu Shinki 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Understanding the inner structure of the clumpy molecular torus surrounding the active galactic nucleus is essential in revealing the forming mechanism. However, spatially resolving the torus is difficult because of its size of a few parsecs. Thus, to probe the clump conditions in the torus, we performed the velocity decomposition of the CO rovibrational absorption lines (Δv = 0 →1, ΔJ = ±1) at λ ∼ 4.67 μm observed toward an ultraluminous infrared galaxy IRAS 08572+3915 NW with the high-resolution spectroscopy (R ∼ 10,000) of Subaru Telescope. Consequently, we found that each transition had two outflowing components, i.e., (a) and (b), both at approximately ∼−160 km s−1, but with broad and narrow widths, and an inflowing component, i.e., (c), at approximately ∼+100 km s−1, which were attributed to the torus. The ratios of the velocity dispersions of each component led to those of the rotating radii around the black hole of R
rot,a: R
rot,b: R
rot,c ≈ 1: 5: 17, indicating the torus where clumps are outflowing in the inner regions and inflowing in the outer regions if a hydrostatic disk with

σ

V

∝

R

rot

−
0.5

is assumed. Based on the kinetic temperature of components (a) and (b) of ∼720 and ∼25 K, respectively, estimated from the level population, the temperature gradient is

T

kin

∝

R

rot

−
2.1

. Magnetohydrodynamic models with large density fluctuations of two orders of magnitude or more are necessary to reproduce this gradient.
Star Formation Triggered by Shocks
Authors: Kinoshita Shinichi. W. , Nakamura Fumitaka , Wu Benjamin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Star formation can be triggered by compression from shock waves. In this study, we investigated the interaction of hydrodynamic shocks with Bonnor–Ebert spheres using 3D hydrodynamical simulations with self-gravity. Our simulations indicated that the cloud evolution primarily depends on two parameters: shock speed and initial cloud radius. Stronger shocks can compress clouds more efficiently, and when the central region becomes gravitationally unstable, a shock triggers cloud contraction. However, if it is excessively strong, it shreds the cloud more violently and the cloud is destroyed. From simple theoretical considerations, we derived the condition of triggered gravitational collapse, which agreed with the simulation results. Introducing sink particles, we followed the further evolution after star formation. Since stronger shocks tend to shred the cloud material more efficiently, the stronger the shock is, the smaller the final (asymptotic) masses of the stars formed (i.e., sink particles) become. In addition, shocks accelerate clouds, promoting mixing of shock-accelerated interstellar medium gas. As a result, the separation between sink particles and shocked clouds center and their relative speeds increase over time. We also investigated the effect of cloud turbulence on shock–cloud interaction. We observed that cloud turbulence prevents rapid cloud contraction; thus, turbulent clouds are destroyed more rapidly than thermally supported clouds. Therefore, the masses of stars formed become smaller. Our simulations provide a general guide to the evolutionary process of dense cores and Bok globules impacted by shocks.
Constraining Scalar-tensor Theories Using Neutron Star–Black Hole Gravitational Wave Events
Authors: Niu Rui , Zhang Xing , Wang Bo , Zhao Wen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
With the continuous upgrade of detectors, greater numbers of gravitational wave (GW) events have been captured by the LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration (LVC), which offer a new avenue to test general relativity and explore the nature of gravity. Although various model-independent tests have been performed by LVC in previous works, it is still interesting to ask what constraints can be placed on specific models by current GW observations. In this work, we focus on three models of scalar-tensor theories, the Brans–Dicke theory (BD), the theory with scalarization phenomena proposed by Damour and Esposito-Farèse (DEF), and screened modified gravity (SMG). Of the four possible neutron star–black hole events that have occurred so far, we use two of them to place constraints. The other two are excluded in this work because of possible unphysical deviations. We consider the inspiral range with the cutoff frequency at the innermost stable circular orbit and add a modification of dipole radiation into the waveform template. The scalar charges of neutron stars in the dipole term are derived by solving the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equations for different equations of state. The constraints are obtained by performing the full Bayesian inference with the help of the open source software Bilby. The results show that the constraints given by GWs are comparable to those given by pulsar timing experiments for DEF theory, but are not competitive with the current solar system constraints for BD and SMG theories.
La géopolitique mondiale en forte fragmentation
Authors: Garcin Thierry 
Published: November 2021

Quelle recomposition de la géopolitique mondiale s’effectue-t-elle en ces années 2020 ? L’Union européenne, après l’affaissement du principe fédéraliste, a-t-elle encore un projet politique ? Pourrait-elle se morceler sous l’effet du déficit d’union politique et des déséquilibres économiques grandissants ? Les États-Unis demeurent incontestablement une superpuissance, parce que complète (politique, militaire, économique, scientifique et technique), mais ne sont-ils pas en déclin ? Autre pôle essentiel de la géopolitique mondiale, la Chine peut-elle prétendre à remplacer l’omnipotence même relative des États-Unis ? Quelles sont les caractéristiques des dynamiques de puissance de ces trois pôles ?
De l’Homme-machine à la machine littéraire
Authors: Lyamlahy Khalid 
Published: November 2021

À l’ère de la globalisation effrénée et de l’accélération du développement technologique, l’écriture du transhumain invite à repenser les liens entre science et littérature. De l’Homme-machine à la machine littéraire, l’expérience transhumaine a constamment fait l’objet de représentations complexes et hybrides. Empruntant aux codes de la science-fiction et du récit fantastique, le roman Féerie d’un mutant (2005) de l’écrivain marocain Abdelkébir Khatibi interroge le devenir de l’humain à travers un voyage aux frontières du réel et du virtuel. Partant d’une lecture détaillée et attentive du roman, le présent article démontre que Khatibi oppose à l’hybridité ambivalente de l’Homme-machine les figures alternatives de ce qu’il nomme l’« Homme-mouvement » et l’« Homme-désir ». Ce faisant, Khatibi inscrit son œuvre dans une dynamique narrative et spatiotemporelle qui lui permet d’investir, entre autres, la question écologique, le rapport à l’altérité et la pratique de l’écriture comme extension et reconfiguration de l’humain.
Team improv-adapt framework: Deconstructing and recombining team adaptation and team improvisation through a process perspective
Authors: Cunha Meneses Abrantes António , Passos Ana Margarida , Pina e Cunha Miguel , Lopes Costa Patrícia 
Published: November 2021

L’imprévisibilité et le manque de temps sont des facteurs déterminants de la vie organisationnelle contemporaine. Dans de tels contextes, les équipes ont souvent recours à l’adaptation et/ou à l’improvisation. En considérant ces deux processus, les équipes peuvent adopter trois alternatives : s’adapter sans improviser, c’est-à-dire que les équipes s’adaptent avec le temps pour planifier la nouvelle action avant de la mettre en œuvre ; improviser sans s’adapter, ce qui signifie qu’elles improvisent exclusivement guidées par leur volonté, sans qu’aucune perturbation ne les y ait conduites ; et s’adapter en improvisant une solution, ce qui implique la fusion temporelle de la conception et de l’exécution. Cependant, la littérature a généralement négligé les différences entre ces trois processus. En nous appuyant sur la littérature relative à l’adaptation et à l’improvisation en équipe, nous proposons le cadre impro-adapte d’équipe comprenant les processus d’adaptation préemptive en équipe, d’improvisation volontaire en équipe et d’adaptation improvisée en équipe. En outre, nous développons un modèle conceptuel temporel qui aide à comprendre comment les équipes peuvent s’engager efficacement dans différents processus qui nécessitent des ajustements de l’équipe ou des tâches. En particulier, nous nous concentrons sur les différentes phases que les équipes traversent au fil du temps, lorsqu’elles adoptent les différents processus du cadre. Nous analysons également les processus d’équipe spécifiques qui sont adoptés dans chacune des phases, ainsi que les différentes sources de leadership et les mécanismes de coordination utilisés. En reconnaissant la nature déterminante du temps dans les processus d’équipe, et en explorant le flux temporel de l’improvisation et de l’adaptation en équipe, nous élargissons les deux littératures, en augmentant la clarté des concepts et en étendant leur réseau nomologique.
Rawls et Rousseau : liberté, citoyenneté et stabilité
Authors: Bourban Michel 
Published: November 2021

Le présent article vise à reconstruire la lecture que Rawls fait du Second Discours et du Contrat social de Rousseau sur les thèmes de l’amour-propre, de l’autonomie, de la volonté générale et de la stabilité. L’objectif est ainsi de mieux comprendre l’héritage rousseauiste dans la pensée politique rawlsienne. Lorsque Rawls développe les notions de liberté et de sens de la justice dans Théorie de la justice , de raison publique et de citoyenneté dans Libéralisme politique et d’utopie réaliste dans Le Droit des peuples , il s’inspire en grande partie de sa lecture de la philosophie sociale et politique du penseur du xviii e siècle. L’idée est donc de lire Rawls dans le sillage de Rousseau, de montrer comment il s’est réapproprié certaines de ses thèses et certains de ses concepts afin d’en proposer quelque chose d’original et de profondément riche.
Bayes et les biais. Le « biais de confirmation » en question
Authors: Vorms Marion 
Published: November 2021

On appelle « biais de confirmation » la tendance supposée des humains à sélectionner les informations qui vont dans le sens de ce qu’ils croient (ou veulent croire) et à interpréter celles dont ils disposent en faveur de leurs hypothèses favorites. Cet article vise à porter un regard critique sur certains usages de cette notion, et plus généralement sur le recours aux « biais cognitifs » pour expliquer tout un ensemble de phénomènes sociaux interprétés comme les marques d’une forme d’irrationalité. Remettant en question le caractère probant des résultats expérimentaux destinés à mettre en évidence une déviation qui nous conduirait systématiquement à des représentations inexactes, je suggère que l’approche bayésienne en psychologie du raisonnement permet de rendre compte de certains de ces résultats en faisant l’hypothèse que nos inférences se conforment à une telle norme.
Professional Quality of Life among Physicians of Tertiary Care Hospitals: An Egyptian Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Abdelhadi Ibrahim Bassma , Mostafa Mona , Hussein Sarah Mohamed 
Published: November 2021

Background Professional quality of life greatly impacts wellbeing and performance of professionals working in the field of caring. The study aims at assessing the components of professional quality of life and their predictors. Design and methods The cross-sectional study was performed on 167 physicians enrolled by using stratified random sampling from tertiary care hospitals, Ismailia, Egypt. It was conducted by a structured interview questionnaire which included Maslach Burnout Inventory to assess burnout syndrome, and Professional Quality of Life version 5 (Pro QOL- 5) subscale to assess compassion fatigue and satisfaction. Results Among participants, 78.9% had high burnout, 76% had moderate potential compassion satisfaction and 82% had moderate potential compassion fatigue. The correlation between scales of professional quality of life scores showed significant results (p<0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that marital status, frequency of dealing with critical patients, and compassion fatigue score (B= -6.959, B= 3.573, B= 1.115) were significant predictors of burnout score (p<0.05). Marital status (B= 2.280, p=0.024), and burnout score (B = 0.179, p=0.000) were significant positive predictors of compassion fatigue. While compassion satisfaction score was negative predictor (B= -2.804, p=0.006). The predictors of compassion satisfaction were the marital status (B = 5.039, p=0.000), and compassion fatigue score (B = -0.254, p=0.006). Conclusions High prevalence rates of burnout, compassion fatigue and satisfaction indicating poor professional quality of life were detected among physicians in tertiary care hospitals.
Sociodemographic and perinatal factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in exclusively breastfeeding infants in North Central Nigeria
Authors: Adebiyi Lateefat O. , Kuti Bankole P. , Adegbola Adebanjo J. , Onuchukwu Chuma , Oyelami Oyeku A. 
Published: November 2021

Background
Exclusive breastfeeding is highly recommended in early infancy; however, there are concerns about breast milk meeting the vitamin D requirements of infants during this period.

Objective
This study aimed to determine the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) level of lactating mothers and their healthy exclusively breastfeeding young infants, and to ascertain the predictors of deficient 25-OHD (<20 ng/ml) in these infants in a tropical setting.

Participants and methods
Mother–infant pairs at the Federal Medical Centre, Keffi North Central Nigeria, were consecutively recruited over a 7-month period. The study participants were characterized and their serum 25-OHD was assayed using the chromatography method.

Results
A total of 111 mother–infant pairs were recruited. The mean (SD) infant age was 3.0 (1.4) months, while the mean (SD) maternal age was 27.5 (5.1) years, with 3.6% being teenagers. The mean (SD) 25-OHD of infants and mothers were 39.7 (25.7) and 33.9 (20.4) ng/ml, respectively. Twenty-six (23.4%) infants and 33 (30.6%) mothers had deficient 25-OHD. Low birth weight and underweight infants, as well as inadequate maternal diet and maternal 25-OHD deficiency were associated with deficient 25-OHD status in infants. Only inadequate maternal diet (odd ratio=3.529; 95% confidence interval=1.100–11.168; P=0.033) and maternal vitamin D deficiency (odd ratio=10.168; 95% confidence interval=3.455–29.920; P=0.001) independently predicted deficient 25-OHD levels in the infants.

Conclusion
About one of every five exclusively breastfeeding recruited infants had deficient 25-OHD levels and this is associated with modifiable factors. Maternal intake of vitamin D-rich food and vitamin D supplementation may be necessary to meet the vitamin D requirements of these mother–infant pairs.
Interleukin-6 gene–174g/C polymorphism (rs1800795) in pediatric septic shock
Authors: Moustafa Azza A. , Mikhael Neveen L. , Gadallah Ghada A.K. , Hassouna Hadir M. 
Published: November 2021

Objective
The present study was conducted to evaluate interleukin-16 (IL-6)–174 G/C polymorphism (rs1800795) as a predictor of outcomes of pediatric septic shock.

Patients and methods
This prospective observational study included 101 children having severe sepsis or septic shock admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of a teaching university hospital starting from September 1, 2019 to March 31, 2020. A blood sample of 2 ml of whole blood was collected in EDTA tube on day 1 of admission. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral-blood mononuclear cells. IL-6–174G/C single-nucleotide polymorphism (rs1800795) genotyping was carried out using real-time quantitative-PCR by 5’-nuclease allelic-discrimination assay.

Results
The observed genotype frequencies are in equilibrium with Hardy–Weinberg equation (P=0.525). Regarding IL-6 genotypes, CC, CG, and GG represents 5, 39.6, and 55.4%, respectively. There was no significant difference between survived and deceased group as regards the polymorphisms CC, CG, or GG. There was no significant difference between both groups as regards C and G allele. There was no significant difference between CC, CG, and GG polymorphisms as regards mechanical-ventilation days, duration of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit stay, Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 score, C-reactive protein, white blood cells, as well as cultures.

Conclusion
IL-6–174G/C polymorphism (rs1800795) cannot predict mortality and did not affect outcomes in pediatric septic shock.