bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Circulating Tumor DNA as a Biomarker for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Yang Jialiang , Hui Yan , Zhang Yanxiang , Zhang Minghui , Ji Binbin , Tian Geng , Guo Yangqiang , Tang Min , Li Lianxing , Guo Bella , Ma Tonghui 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most prevalent causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Recently, there are many important medical advancements on NSCLC, such as therapies based on tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Most of these therapies require tumor molecular testing for selecting patients who would benefit most from them. As invasive biopsy is highly risky, NSCLC molecular testing based on liquid biopsy has received more and more attention recently.ObjectiveWe aimed to introduce liquid biopsy and its potential clinical applications in NSCLC patients, including cancer diagnosis, treatment plan prioritization, minimal residual disease detection, and dynamic monitoring on the response to cancer treatment.MethodWe reviewed recent studies on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) testing, which is a minimally invasive approach to identify the presence of tumor-related mutations. In addition, we evaluated potential clinical applications of ctDNA as blood biomarkers for advanced NSCLC patients.ResultsMost studies have indicated that ctDNA testing is critical in diagnosing NSCLC, predicting clinical outcomes, monitoring response to targeted therapies and immunotherapies, and detecting cancer recurrence. Moreover, the changes of ctDNA levels are associated with tumor mutation burden and cancer progression.ConclusionThe ctDNA testing is promising in guiding the therapies on NSCLC patients.
Sex-Specific Differences in Related Indicators of Blood Pressure in School-Age Children With Overweight and Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: He Hongmei , Yang Shujun , Qiu Na , Qiao Ling , Ding Yong , Luo Jiajia , Li Yuan , Luo Zengyou , Huang Yingsa , Pang Huishen , Ji Shaoping , Zhang Lu , Guo Xiangqian 
Published: August 2021

Objective: The objective of this study is to further explore the difference between elevated blood pressure (EBP), elevated pulse pressure (EPP), and elevated mean arterial pressure (EMAP) and obesity in Chinese school-age children by sex.Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study of 935 children between 7 and 12 years old. Overweight and obesity were defined by body mass index and body composition. The multivariate logistic regression and the adjusted population attributable risk were used to assess the effects of obesity on pre-EBP/EBP, EPP, and EMAP. The interactions were used to identify the modification of obese on the relationship between related indicators of blood pressure and height or age.Results: The average age of the children included in the study was 10. Boys with overweight and obesity had higher pre-EBP/EBP, EPP, and EMAP (p &lt; 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that overweight and obesity had a greater impact on BP and MAP than PP, especially in boys [odds ratio (OR) &gt; 1]. Pre-EBP/EBP in 79% of boys and 76% of girls could be attributable to the visceral fat level. The interaction between BP, PP, MAP, and height or age was modestly increased in children with overweight and obesity, especially in boys.Conclusions: Independent of age and height, obesity not only increases blood pressure, it also increases mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure, and this effect is more pronounced in boys.
A Struggle for Survival: Meaning of Late Life in a Rural District in Uganda: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Knizek Birthe Loa , Vancampfort Davy , Kwiringira Japheth , Kyazike Elizabeth , Mugisha James 
Published: August 2021

Background: Between 2015 and 2050, the aging population of Uganda (aged 50 years and older) will be nearly doubled. Therefore, later-life problems have become an area of increasing research and policy interest. This study aimed at exploring how aging people living in extreme poverty in a low-income country experience their everyday life and what kind of meaning systems employed by them to understand and cope with their living conditions.Methods: We conducted a qualitative interview with 14 participants in the Buikwe district. In this interview, 11 women and 3 men were included, and a thematic analysis was employed for data processing and analysis.Results: Unanimously, all participants reported their condition as extreme poverty. The key informants (KIs) emphasized respect from descendants and the community as a foundation for a meaningful later life. In contrast, this aspect has been ever mentioned by no caregivers but by only one care-receiver. The willingness/ability of children to support the elderly who are in need of support formed a major part of the reflections of care-receivers, which would be decisive for their position in the society and the respect they would receive. In addition, both Christianity and traditional beliefs as well as beliefs in witchcraft and ancestral spirits were employed as a basis for actions and reflections.Discussion: The question arises whether life in extreme poverty conditions can be perceived as meaningful. Respect was mentioned as fundamental by the KIs, thereby giving priority to social relations as the most meaningful factor for living a meaningful life. The ability and willingness of the possible descendants for support as the focus of care-receivers might be a more down-to-earth description of this aspect but without using the same level of abstraction. For the majority, due to their belief system did not serve as a source of consolation their main focus was on social relationships for support. To improve the wellbeing of the old people, their sense of meaning must be restored through a system, guaranteeing the coverage of basic needs and measures to restore dignity through a reintegration in both community and congregations. Social service agencies who are targeting the elderly people need to work toward this objective.
An International Pilot Study of Self-Reported Quality of Life in Outpatient and Inpatient Mental Health Settings
Authors: de Almeida Mello Johanna , Luo Hao , Hirdes Alice , Heikkilä Jyrki , Umubyeyi Benoite , Gishoma Darius , Saari Margaret , Hirdes John P. , Van Audenhove Chantal 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Measuring quality of life (QoL) is essential to understand how clients perceive their care. In practice, many instruments are in place to identify mental health diagnoses and measure treatment outcomes, but there are fewer standardized instruments to routinely collect information about self-reported QoL, especially across different mental health settings. Moreover, existing tools have been criticized for being built from the perspective of care professionals rather than the users' perspective. The 23-item Self-Reported interRAI-QoL Survey for Mental Health and Addictions (interRAI SQoL-MHA) tackles these issues, as it is based on self-reported measures and has proven validity across settings and countries.Objective: The aim of this study is to assess and compare QoL across settings and explore associations between dimensions of self-reported QoL and some items from the interRAI SQoL-MHA in a multinational sample.Settings: Inpatient and community mental health services.Methods: Data were collected from organizations in Belgium, Finland, Russia, Brazil, Rwanda, Canada and Hong Kong. Logistic regression models were constructed using each domain scale of the interRAI SQoL-MHA (relationship, support, hope, activities and relationship with staff) as dependent variables.Results: A total of 2,474 people (51.2% female, 56.7% of age 45 or older) were included in the study. A benchmark analysis showed the samples that performed above the benchmark line or below. The models yielded significant odds ratios among the domain scales, as well as for the items of the interRAI SQoL-MHA, with positive associations for the items “work and education opportunities” and “satisfied with services”, and inverse associations for the items “financial difficulties” and for the inpatient setting.Conclusion: The analysis of associations between the determinants offers relevant information to improve mental health care and clients' perceived quality of life. Information about the determinants can help policymakers to design interventions to improve care outcomes, as well as provide more possibilities for integration into the community. The interRAI SQoL-MHA is innovative, as it can be linked to the third generation interRAI MH and Community MH-instruments, to be used in different mental health care settings, combining the objective and subjective QoL domains.
Planned Retirement Timing in Europe: Are Europeans Adapting to the Policy of Extending Working Lives
Authors: Hess Moritz , Naegele Laura , Becker Lena , Mäcken Jana , De Tavernier Wouter 
Published: August 2021

As populations are ageing concerns regarding the sustainability of European welfare states have come to the forefront. In reaction, policy makers have implemented measurements aimed at the prolongation of working lives. This study investigates weather older workers have adapted their planned retirement age, as a result of this new policy credo. Based on data from Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) the analysis shows an increase of the planned retirement age (1.36 years) across all ten European countries investigated, albeit with country-specific variations. Variations on the individual level can be detected in regard to gender, education and self-reported health status.
Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Decompression for Lumbar Lateral Recess Stenosis
Authors: Lu Hui-gen , Pan Xue-kang , Hu Min-jie , Zhang Jian-qiao , Sheng Jian-ming , Chen Bao , Zhou Xiao , Yu Yefeng , Hu Xu-qi 
Published: August 2021

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment efficacy of lateral spinal stenosis through the decompression of the nerve root under a multiple planar endoscope.Methods: From January 2017 to March 2019, 52 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis or lumbar spinal stenosis combined with intervertebral disc herniation had been treated via transforaminal approach spinal endoscopy. Our study retrospectively analyzed the treatment outcome. All patients experienced complications with different degrees of facet joint hyperplasia and ligamentum flavum hyperplasia and hypertrophy. Some patients suffered disc herniation. All patients were treated with percutaneous transforaminal approach multiple planar endoscopic decompression. The visual analog scale (VAS) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were compared before and after the operation, as were the horizontal foramen areas of the medial margins of the upper and lower pedicles of the vertebral arch. The treatment effectiveness was evaluated.Results: VAS and ODI scores were significantly improved at postoperative 3 days, 3 months, 6 months, and the last follow-up (P &lt; 0.05). The area of the intervertebral foramen was 422.5 ± 159.2 mm2 preoperatively and 890.8 ± 367.7 mm2 postoperatively, the difference was statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Percutaneous transforaminal approach multiple planar endoscopic decompression could achieve an accurate and effective decompression of the lumbar lateral spinal canal. This procedure has good short-term effects, and is especially suitable for elderly patients.
MEDIA EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES AS A PEDAGOGICAL CONDITION FOR MEDIA LITERACY FORMATION OF FUTURE FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHERS
Authors: Byndas O. 
Published: August 2021

The article, based on the analysis of current research and works of domestic and foreign scientists and practitioners, defines media educational technologies as a means of educational process using periodicals, radio, television, cinema, as well as software and hardware devices that provide collection, processing, accumulation, storage and transmission of information in different languages.
The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate the importance of media educational technologies as one of the pedagogical conditions for the media literacy formation of future foreign language teachers. Media educational technologies define the role of a foreign language teacher as a model, an expert of thought processes, a skilled user of modern educational technologies, knowledge and the role of a student who should learn from these demonstrations a set of techniques and methods which they will be able to use to gain knowledge. Thus, the teacher develops himself/herself and helps the students.
In the course of the work, various ways of media educational technologies classification are considered. However, for this study there is only one necessary and relevant, the one that will open up greater opportunities for the use of the latest information technologies at foreign language lessons.
After analyzing different approaches and classifications of media educational technologies as one of the pedagogical conditions for the formation of media literacy of future foreign language teachers, the author concludes that in order to achieve such high performance, there are some difficulties: a lack of knowledge of foreign language teachers and pedagogues, problems with technical equipment, the unwillingness to keep up with the times, and the financial situation in which education and the whole culture find themselves due to the constant lack of underfunding. But the prospects for high-quality and effective use of media technologies in education are obvious – the scientific progress of students, teachers, and hence the whole country.
أسباب الذلة من خلال الأحاديث النبوية
Authors: Rahmat Hidayat Syamsu Rizal  
Published: August 2021

كان الناس في الجاهلية يعبدون غير الله، ويأتون الفواحش، فكانوا على ذلك حتى بعث الله إليهم رسولًا، فآمنوا به، فغيّر الله بالإسلام أحوالَهم من الذُلِّ إلى العزّة.
والمتأمل في أحوال المسلمين في هذا الزمان ليجد بونًا شاسعًا بين أحوالهم، وبين ما يدعوهم إليه دينهم، ولهذا أصبحت أمة الإسلام غرضًا لأعدائها، بعد أن كانت أمة عزيزةً، إلا أنها لما نسيت حظًا مما ذكرت به نزلت من شامخ عزها، ولقيت ذلاً بعد عزة، ولهذا أسباب ذكرها النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، قال تعالى:ﱡﱡﭐوَتُعِزُّ مَنْ تَشَاءُ وَتُذِلُّ مَنْ تَشَاءُ ﱠ(آل عمران: 26) أي: تعز من تشاء بطاعتك، وتذل من تشاء بمعصيتك.
فينبغي للمسلم أن يعلم أسبابها، ويحذرها، فهذا البحث بيان أسباب الذلة للأمة، وقسمته إلى مقدمة تشتمل على خلفية البحث، وتحديد المسألة، ومنهج البحث، ثم موضوعه ويشتمل على تعريف الذلة لغة واصطلاحًا، وأسبابها، ثم الخاتمة وفيها ذكر نتائج البحث.
ومن خلال جمع الأحاديث في الموضوع، توصلت إلى النتيجة أن هذه الأسباب تشترك في نقطة واحدة وهي الذنوب، والعلاج هو طاعة الله.
Extensive Reading with Authentic Materials
Authors: Blaker Andrew , Ellsworth Timothy 
Published: August 2021

This paper describes an action research project on modifying an extensive reading (ER) program by replacing graded readers with authentic materials in its final semester. This was done in response to low student engagement with ER in previous semesters. Twenty-one second year university students were introduced to authentic materials via the instructor, then shown how to self-select for level-appropriate materials of interest. The paper details the environment in which this occurred. Student feedback responses suggest that the assignment improved student engagement and ultimately provided a meaningful learning experience.
本論は、グレーデッドリーダーを正規の教材の代替として利用する多読（ER）プログラムの導入に関するアクションリサーチプロジェクトについて説明する。 これは、前学期に学生のERへの関与が少なかったことに対応して行われたものである。大学 2年生 21人を対象に、インストラクターを通じて正規の教材が紹介され、次にレベルに適した興味のある教材を自己選択する方法が示された。 学生からのフィードバックによると、当該課題は学生の関与を改善し、最終的に有意義な学習体験を提供したことを示唆している。
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PADA APLIKASI MANAJEMEN LAUNDRY 1010DRY
Authors: Setyawan Oji , Wibowo Wisnu 
Published: August 2021

Customer satisfaction is so important for service company because it would lead the customer to be loyal to the company. However, obtaining customer satisfaction is not easy because it needs a commitment from the company to provide the best quality service to satisfied the customer. At the beginning of the launch of 1010dry application by PT. Tenten Digital Indonesia, 1010dry has low rating and some reviews about issues on the application. PT. Tenten Digital Indonesia has been trying to solve the problem by improving their service both customer service and system maintenance untill the rating and the amount of new member each month has been increase. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the influence of quality service to customer satisfaction of 1010dry laundry management application. The method used in this research is quantitative method by using simple linear regression equation. Data was obtained from the member of 1010dry laundry management application by using questionnaire. The result of this research shows that quality service has significant influence to customer satisfaction (6,317 > 2,074 and 0,000 < 0,05) with coefficient of determination is 64,5%. Keywords: quality service and customer satisfaction.
PENERAPAN TALENT MANAJEMENT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS KARYAWAN PADA USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UKM)
Authors: Yulianto Heru , Sutomo Y , Aditya Galuh 
Published: August 2021

Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) yang berkualitas merupakan salah satu faktor penting agar UKM tetap eksis di dunia bisnis yang semakin kompetitif. SDM yang dikelola dengan baik akan meningkat produktivitas kerjanya. Jika produktivitas karyawan maksimal maka tujuan UKM akan tercapai. Upaya yang bisa dilakukan UKM dalam meningkatkan produktivitas karyawan salah satunya adalah menerapkan manajemen bakat. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan tinjauan literatur dan hasil pencarian dokumen online menunjukkan bahwa talent management mengembangkan dan memperkuat karyawan baru pada proses pertama kali masuk UKM (onboarding); manajemen bakat memelihara dan mengembangkan karyawan yang sudah bekerja terlebih dahulu; dan talent managemen dapat menarik sebanyak mungkin karyawan yang memiliki kompetensi, komitmen dan karakter bekerja pada UKM.Keyword: Talent Management, Produktivitas Karyawan,UKM, On Boarding
АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ТУРИЗМА В МИРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКЕ В ПОСТПАНДЕМИЧЕСКИЙ ПЕРИОД
Authors: Бойко Т. С. , Фролова Н. С. 
Published: August 2021

Развитие туризма и туристского рынка имеет большое значение, так как помогает решить экономические проблемы отдельной страны или региона.
При этом экономическая активность туризма напрямую связана с развитием составляющих его отраслей, таких как транспортная, общественное питание, оптовая и розничная торговля и ряд других.
На современном этапе многие страны, столкнувшись с пандемией COVID-19, вынужденно сократили или вовсе прервали туристические потоки. Их экономика при этом их оказалась в очень сложной ситуации. В данной статье авторами проводится анализ прогнозов и состояния туристической отрасли, а также представлены перспективы ее развития в постпандемический период с учетом цифровизации мировой экономики.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКИ В РАЗВИТИИ СУБЪЕКТОВ МАЛОГО И СРЕДНЕГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА (НА ПРИМЕРЕ Г. ХАБАРОВСКА)
Authors: Кобозова И. В. , Гасанов Э. А. 
Published: August 2021

В статье проведен анализ современного состояния малого и среднего предпринимательства в Хабаровском крае, выделены основные тенденции его развития. Представлена необходимость развития малого и среднего предпринимательства в рамках развития и реформирования экономики в целом по стране и с акцентом на региональную специфику в ДВ регионе. Устойчивое развитие экономики региона предполагает динамичное развитие малого и среднего предпринимательства, что в свою очередь, способствует насыщению внутреннего рынка качественными изделиями и услугами, а также служит источником дополнительных доходов государственного и местного бюджетов, усиливает конкурентоспособность бизнеса, позволяет снизить социальную напряженность в обществе и обеспечить не только самозанятость, но и создать дополнительные рабочие места.
Ключевые слова: малое предпринимательство, проблемы малого бизнеса, экономика города, социально-экономическое развитие, предпринимательство, Хабаровск экономический правовой.
ОЦЕНКА ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ФИРМЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ РЫНОЧНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ
Authors: Тищенко А. О. , Гасанов Э. А. 
Published: August 2021

Рыночная экономика всё ещё формируется, тем самым в этих условиях начинают появляться всё больше новых частных предприятий (крупных и мелких) становится необходимость появления оценки таких предприятий, прогнозирование и планирование деятельности организации, особенно, когда высокий уровень конкуренции.
В данной работе рассмотрены понятия предприятия, его цели и направление деятельности. Также в статье подобрано описание управление и структуры предприятия. Данная статья упоминает производственные и организационные структуры предприятия.
Также в работе упоминается о повышение эффективности деятельности предприятия (компания) как базовой единицы структуры экономических отношений, которая является одной из основных целей исследования в экономической науке.
В статье описано использование показателя EVA в финансовом менеджменте, которая будет способствовать повышению качества оценки эффективности деятельности российских компаний.
Understanding the Angular Momentum Evolution of T Tauri and Herbig Ae/Be Stars
Authors: Pinzón Giovanni , Hernández Jesús , Serna Javier , García Alexandra , Manzo-Martínez Ezequiel , Roman-Lopes Alexandre , Román-Zúñiga Carlos G. , Batista Maria Gracia , Ramírez-Vélez Julio , Osorio Yeisson , Avendaño Ronald 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
We investigate a sample of six Herbig Ae/Be stars belonging to the Orion OB1 association, as well as 73 low-mass objects, members of the σ Orionis cluster, in order to explore the angular momentum evolution at early stages of evolution, and its possible connection with main-sequence Ap/Bp magnetic stars. Using FIES and HECTOCHELLE spectra, we obtain projected rotational velocities through two independent methods. Individual masses, radii, and ages are computed using evolutionary models, distance, and cluster extinction. Under the assumption that similar physical processes operate in both T Tauri and Herbig Ae/Be stars, we construct snapshots of the protostar’s rotation against mass during the first 10 Myr with the aid of a rotational model that includes a variable disk lifetime, changes in the stellar moment of inertia, a dipolar magnetic field with variable strength, and angular momentum loss through stellar winds powered by accretion. We use these snapshots, as well as the rotational data, to infer a plausible scenario for the angular momentum evolution. We find that magnetic field strengths of a few kilo-Gauss at 3 Myr are required to match the rotational velocities of both groups of stars. Models with masses between 2 M
⊙ and 3 M
⊙ display larger angular momentum values by a factor of ∼3, in comparison to stars of similar spectral types on the main sequence. Even though some quantitative estimates on this dramatic decrease with age for Ap/Bp magnetic main-sequence stars are presented, the results obtained for the angular momentum evolution do not explain their low rotation rates.