bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of the effects of the curvature term in the density of states on some physical quantities characterizing the deconfining phase transition to a color-singlet QGP
Authors: El Djoudi A Ait , Djida R , Mezouar K , Abbad N 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the present work, we study the effect of including the curvature term, in addition to the volume term, in the density of states used in the calculation of the projected color-singlet partition function of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), on some features characterizing the phase transition to this new phase of matter. By investigating the behavior of some physical quantities well describing the mixed system with temperature for varying volume, we especially examine the behavior with volume of the shift of the effective transition temperature in a finite volume from the true one, to determine the corresponding scaling exponent. We compare the present results to those obtained in our previous works, where we have used a color-singlet QGP partition function derived with a density of states containing the volume term only.
Dark matter nature at electron-positron colliders: scalar or fermionic?
Authors: Baouche N. , Ahriche A. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this work, we investigated the possibility of identifying DM nature, at the future electron-positron colliders such as the International Linear Collider (ILC) and Compact Linear Collider (CLIC), at

s

=

500

GeV

and 1 TeV, using the final state

b

b
¯

+

E

T

. For this purpose, we consider two models in which DM could be either a real scalar or a heavy right-handed neutrino (RHN). So we considered two parameter values sets for both models, and we defined and investigated the different recent experimental constraints. After that we define a set of kinematical cuts that suppress the background, and generate different distributions that are useful in identifying the DM nature. The use of polarized beams P(e
−, e
+) = [+0.8,−0.3] at the ILC makes the signal detection easier and the DM identification more clear, where the statistical significance gets enhanced by twice (five times) for scalar (fermionic) DM.
Improvements for NLP Models by Considering Language Differences
Authors: Zhang Ruiqi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Aspect extraction has been playing a critical role in opinion mining of product reviews. Most of the existing works tackling various Natural Language Processing tasks focus on English corpus and barely talked about the effect of language differences when apply the algorithm to other languages. Based on a previous aspect extraction neural model and its application to text data in Chinese, this paper analyzed possible reasons and proposed plausible approaches to address the importance of handling language differences in Natural Language Processing tasks. By bringing the importance of adaptiveness of language models to attention, future NLP research work might produce more robust and comprehensive work regardless of the impact of language differences.
Research Progress of Virtual Reality Modeling Based on Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Technology
Authors: Long Wei , Wang Tianyu , Lu Yujie , Xu Huang , Gao Qiang , Jiang Linhua 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The limitations of virtual reality (VR) modeling and construction is one of the key issues in the recent research. An accurate model constructed based on real-world scenes is time and resource consuming. The three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction technology can efficiently construct models based on real-world objects, which is ideal for high-speed VR modeling system. This paper introduces the modeling examples based on 3D reconstruction in VR devices, compares the advantages/disadvantages between various reconstruction methods and comprehensively introduces the combination of the different methods. The summary and future development trend is also discussed at the end.
Theoretical Framework of Energy Internet Demand Forecasting Based on Internal and External Information Fusion
Authors: Jiang Shigong , Yang Weihong , Wu Zhili , Cao Yuwei , Zeng Ming , Shi Pengjia 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Due to the limited information sources, the existing energy demand forecasting models cannot fully, truly and accurately reflect the nature of the trend change of Energy Internet demand. To solve this problem, this paper establishes a theoretical framework of Energy Internet demand forecasting based on internal and external information fusion from the perspective of information sources. The framework summarizes the data characteristics of energy internet and divides the data information into internal information and external information. According to the attribute characteristics of data information, the forecasting information is divided into data layer, feature layer and decision layer. Finally, a combined forecasting model is established for data at different levels for data forecasting. The framework uses multi-source information fusion prediction theory to fuse the internal and external prediction information of energy Internet in different situations, which increases the amount of information of the prediction model.
Research on Key Technology of Environmental and Efficient Coal Storage and Loading
Authors: Xiao Yajing , Li Xu , Wu Hui 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the existing problems of coal storage and loading technology are put forward, such as serious environmental pollution, low efficiency and low degree of intelligence. Aiming at these problems, the large capacity closed coal storage technology, intelligent collaborative control technology of storage and transportation equipment, intelligent unmanned rapid quantitative loading technology, intelligent unmanned vehicle dispatching technology, and remote operation and maintenance technology and predictive maintenance technology of storage and loading electromechanical equipment are systematically studied, and the corresponding solutions are proposed. It is of great significance to promote the development of environmental and efficient coal storage and loading technology.
The L(2,1)-Labeling of Planar Graphs with Neither 3-Cycles Nor Intersect 4-Cycles
Authors: Zhou Wenjuan , Sun Lei 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Given a graph G, a k-L(2,1)-labelling of G is a function c: V(G)→{0,1,2,…,k} such that |ϕ(x)-ϕ(y)| ≥ 2 if x is adjacent to y and |ϕ(x)-ϕ(y)| ≥ 1 if x and y have a common neighbor. The least k denoted by λ
2,1 (G) is the L(2, 1)-labelling number. In this article, we proved that: for every planar graph with neither 3-cycles nor intersect 4-cycles and Δ(G) ≥ 26, λ
2,1 (G) ≤ Δ(G) + 12.
Vibration Law of Vertical Submarine Pipeline Based on Numerical Simulation
Authors: Xu Sui , Miao Xiannan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Due to the special working environment of the vertical submarine pipeline, the experimental research is difficult, so this paper makes a numerical simulation study on the turbulence vibration response of the vertical submarine pipeline based on Fluent software. It solves the vibration law of vertical submarine pipeline under different working conditions, and analyzes and discusses the vibration law of the vertical pipeline on the seabed. By establishing the geometric model of the vertical submarine pipeline based on the similarity principle, the flow field distribution law and the vibration law of the vertical submarine pipeline are obtained. When comparing the results of numerical analysis with the experimental results, the selected physical mathematical models are valid, with a margin of error of not more than 10 percent. Therefore, the vibration law and the movement law of the surrounding flow field of the vertical pipeline under different wall thickness, length, incoming flow velocity, different constraints and whether or not to add vibration absorber are analyzed. The results show that the vibration shape of the vertical pipeline is “8” shape under the action of incoming flow.
Study on Detection Image Processing Method of Offshore Cage
Authors: Gao Tianyu , Jin Jun , Xu Xin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The paper aims to test the integrity of offshore cages. In this paper, offshore robots are used to collect video images. Through preprocessing methods such as color space conversion and Retinex algorithm of fusion-oriented filtering, the color distortion of the image is improved and the edge information of the image is maintained, so that the collected cage image is better recognized and calculated by the computer. And the paper uses the Canny algorithm to accurately locate the edge of the image, so that the boundary information can be reflected in more detail. In this paper, the adaptive threshold segmentation algorithm combined with mathematical morphology processing method is used to segment the offshore cage image, and extract the skeleton of the decomposed image to realize the detection of the integrity of the offshore net. Finally, a ROV equipped with a camera was used to verify the proposed method in a wave-flow water tank, which confirmed the effectiveness of the method and optimized the integrity recognition and image processing of the cage.
Modeling Analysis and Algorithm Optimization Design of Vehicle Networking Based on Information Transmission
Authors: Liu Yongqiu , Liu Chao 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Vehicle Internet is the embodiment of mobile self-organizing network in the field of transportation.It is regarded as a key technology to reduce the incidence of traffic accidents, improve traffic efficiency and passenger driving experience. It has become the central development direction of the country. Because it is widely influenced by government industries and universities, the effective transmission of information is the core and problem of automotive Internet. This article starts with the application needs of vehicle Internet, designed to address different security-related needs in messaging and non-secure messaging applications, modeling analysis and algorithm optimization design combined with the network attributes of the vehicle Internet. High-speed mobility of vehicle nodes, self-organization and the existence of multi-hop networks, the information transmission on the vehicle Internet is very different from the traditional mobile AD hoc network, at the same time, with the continuous expansion of in-vehicle application Internet, different application scenarios have different service requirements, different services require the vehicle information system’s Internet to guarantee different modes of transmission. Therefore, this paper studies application-oriented information transmission technology. It improves the efficiency of the entire information transmission system, and it is of great significance to the development of vehicle Internet.
Application of the Stacking and LACP Technology in Communications Networks
Authors: Wang Huarong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A key factor that has been winning market competitive advantage by carrier markets is how to solve the selection of equipments with lowest cost which provides a reasonable solution on network security and topology. By introducing the stacking technology, this paper gives a detailed explanation on how to use the lowest cost to solve the equipment selection problem and the devices’ hot backup. As the same time, it is shown that the network link aggregation hot backup is resolved by using the Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP). Once there is a failure in both a link and an equipment, the system would detect the failure and automatically switch to the backup link and equipment to ensure the network security.
Global and national assessment of the incidence of asthma in children and adolescents from major sources of ambient NO2
Authors: Chowdhury Sourangsu , Haines Andy , Klingmüller Klaus , Kumar Vinod , Pozzer Andrea , Venkataraman Chandra , Witt Christian , Lelieveld Jos 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Pediatric asthma incidence has been associated with exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in ambient air. NO2 is predominantly emitted through fossil fuel use in land transportation, power generation and the burning of solid biofuels in households. We simulated NO2 with a global atmospheric chemistry model, combined with a land use regression model, to estimate NO2 exposure in all countries worldwide. The global asthma incidence among children and adolescents attributable to NO2 was estimated by deriving an exposure-response function from a meta-analysis which included epidemiological studies from multiple countries, baseline incidence rates from the Global Burden of Disease and gridded population data. The sectoral contribution to pediatric asthma from NO2 exposure (NO2-related asthma incidence: NINC) was estimated for different source categories to provide guidance to mitigation policies. We estimate 3.52 (2.1–6.0) million NINC per year globally, being about 14% of the total asthma incidence cases among children and adolescents. We find that emissions from land transportation are the leading contributor to NINC globally (∼44%), followed by the domestic burning of solid fuels (∼10.3%) and power generation from fossil fuels (∼8.7%). Biogenic emissions which are not anthropogenically induced may contribute ∼14% to the total NINC. Our results show large regional differences in source contributions, as the domestic burning of solid fuels is a main contributor to NINC in India and Nepal (∼25%), while emissions from shipping are the leading source in Scandinavian countries (∼40%), for example. While only 5% of all children and adolescents live in areas where NO2 exceeds the WHO annual guideline of 21.25 ppb (40 μg m−3) for NO2, about 90% of the NINC is found in regions that meet the WHO guideline, related to the uneven distribution of children and adolescents in the population. This suggests the need for stricter policies to reduce NO2 exposure, and revisiting the current WHO guideline to reduce the health risks of children and adolescents.
Bottom ash treatment by using seawater with Citrus aurantifolia
Authors: Bain N F , Abidin C Z A , Kamaruzaman W N , Arbaan N S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The combustion process of coal from a coal-burning power station in TNB Janamanjung Sdn. Bhd. for production of energy was produced a primary by-product called coal ash. The huge amount of bottom ash was considered harmful to the environment and typically disposed of on-site disposal systems without any further use. The environment can be polluted since the toxic elements such as heavy metals that exist in the ash could pose a danger to public health. To overcome these problems, an effective treatment needs to be done to overcome the problems. The purpose of this research is to study the possibility of developing a new technique to reduce heavy metal elements by using seawater as a washing method and Citrus aurantifolia as leaching methods. A good alternative from the use of citric acid from the Citrus aurantifolia was discovered to be substitute strong acids such as HCl in the leaching process since citric acid can react as an organic acid which fewer negative effects compared to the stronger acid to humans and the environment. The bottom ash was rinsed and soaked in the seawater for 24 hr before the leaching process by using Citrus aurantifolia. The result showed that the heavy metals content such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and arsenic (As) can be decreased after the removal process. In fact, the results show that the heavy metal removal up to 92% for As when the bottom ash was soaked until 72 hr but for Cu and Zn, the removal efficiency higher when the bottom ash was soaked at 20 hr. In conclusion, the optimum time to remove heavy metal from bottom ash by using Citrus aurantifolia was determined but the efficiency differs with the time taken to soak the bottom ash in the acid solution.
Design of photoreactor with high sunlight concentration for improved photocatalytic degradation of dye pollutant
Authors: Yap W Q , Chin Y H , Leong K H , Saravanan P , Sim L C 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
A homemade reactor was designed and fabricated with the use of P25 Degussa TiO2 as the photocatalyst. P25 Degussa nanoparticle is a mixture of 75% anatase and 25% rutile. It is more efficient than pure anatase polymorphs because anatase had a larger band gap. This will increase the useful wavelength range of photoactivity and the also size of the rutile crystal lattice become smaller, thus enhance the photocatalytic reaction. The performance of the homemade reactor was evaluated with a different parameter like the different type of dyes, different dosage, different concentration and compare with the conventional method (beaker). The photolysis of methyl blue (MB), methyl orange (MO) and Rhodamine B (RhB) in the absence of photocatalyst recorded an overall efficiency of 64%, 56%, and 48% respectively. The photodegradation of dyes in the presence of photocatalyst achieved an overall efficiency of 85%, 49%, and 96%, respectively. The overall efficiency can achieve 100% after 2 h of reaction time with 2 g of P25 Degussa. The homemade reactor reached a better degradation rate than that of a conventional method (beaker).
Phosphorus reduction in batch culture using seed sludge of wastewater
Authors: Yusuf M , Kasmuri N , Ahmad R , Santiagoo R , Ramasamy S 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Phosphorus is a chemical substance and is a kind of nutrient that is essential for the growth of the organism. This key element tends to be growth-limiting-nutrient in lake ecosystems. The high concentration of phosphorus is toxic and can cause a major effect on the water body. Excessive nutrients may lead to eutrophication which will cause the depletion of oxygen. The anoxic waters would reduce the water quality of the surface water and disrupt the stability of the ecosystem. Thus, it is important to measure the phosphorus in a surface water system and to limit the amount of phosphorus going into the water body. Thus, this research aims to evaluate the phosphorus reduction using seed sludge taken from wastewater treatment in Kolej Mawar, UiTM, Shah Alam, Selangor. In the wastewater, biological phosphorus removal (BPR or Bio-P) or the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) is the biological process where this substance is incorporated into cell biomass and subsequently removed from the process as a result of sludge wasting. Here, seed sludge from wastewater was used in a batch culture experiment using two different solutions of disodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4) and di-potassium hydrogen phosphate (K2HPO4) in a synthetic medium. The phosphorus reduction and the percentage removal were observed in these two solutions in one-week incubation time. It can be observed that the percentage removal of phosphorus in Na2HPO4 solution was higher (88% and 96%) compared to K2HPO4 solutions (70% and 29%). From the results obtained, the phosphorus can significantly be reduced using the seed sludge from the wastewater in short incubation time within one week. Thus, a sustainable approach in green technology can be further investigated and enhanced to overcome the environmental problems in reducing the phosphorus effluent discharge into the surface water system.
Physical and mechanical properties of clay sludge brick
Authors: Ibrahim A H , Bakar M Y A , Abidin C Z A , Ridwan F M , Jalil M F A 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
There are approximately 450 water treatment plants in Malaysia which produce potable water to consumers. During coagulation process, huge volume of sludge was produced particularly when turbid water was treated. The main objective of this work is to study the physical and mechanical properties of clay sludge brick. In this research, the sludge from the water treatment plant was used as clay replacement material in brick production. Several design mixtures of sludge and clay with different moisture content were used to prepare the brick. These bricks were fired at two different temperature (500°C and 900°C) before being tested for its physical and mechanical properties. Result shows that the presence of sludge in brick would increase the water absorption capacity of the brick. The water absorption was increased from 5.5% to 51% when the 60% (w/w) of sludge was incorporated into the mix. In term of burning temperature, higher temperature would improve the physical and mechanical properties of the brick. Based on the results, sludge from the water treatment plant shows huge potential as clay replacement in brick making process. Recycling the sludge from water treatment plants could solve the sludge disposal problem face by most of the plant operators.
Effectiveness of powdered activated carbon from fruit waste in removing heavy metals in groundwater
Authors: Baharudin Fauzi , Hamzah Nurhidayah , Wahab Mahyun Ab , Kang Choong Wee 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This study was conducted to measure and compare the existing concentration of heavy metals in groundwater at riverbank. This study was also carried out to determine the effectiveness of activated durian rind which serves as powdered activated carbon (PAC) as an adsorption agent to remove heavy metals such as iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in groundwater. The initial concentration of Fe and Mn from all groundwater samples have exceeded the allowable standard. The process of removing iron and manganese was done by using 0.1g, 0.2g, 0.3g and 0.4g of activated durian rind. The results has shown a promising success with the percentage of removal with activated durian rind for iron ranging from 93.06% to 98.39%, while removal percentage for manganese ranging from 93.42% to 98.57%.
Effect of electrode materials on the degradation of palm oil mill effluent by electro-oxidation process
Authors: Abidin C Z A , Fahmi  , Ibrahim A H , Rahmat N R , Ahmad R , Hussein N F Mohamed , Choong P S , Singa P K 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In the recent decades, Malaysia has been known as the one of the palm oil producers and exporters. The increasing of the production and demand of palm oil tends to increase the Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). Undeniably, the conventional biological treatment has been implemented to reduce the organic matters but insufficient to satisfy the discharge standard by the local authority. Consequently, the biological treated POME has to be treated further to meet the stringent discharge standard. Hence, an advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), electro-oxidation process (EOP) has been applied to treat further the biologically treated POME. There are two stages in this study, EOP carried on with catalyst and electrode (Al and Fe). Therefore, the performance of EOP is evaluated by investigating the removal efficiency on the organic parameters like COD, colour, suspended solid and NH3-N. The operational parameters are the pH adjustment (pH 3, 5, 7 and 9), contact time ranging from 0 to 60 min and the dosage of catalyst (H2O2 and TiO2). The highest degradation of the parameters was obtained under the most acidic solution pH 3, with addition of TiO2 by using Al electrode. The percentages of removal are 96.58 % of colour, 98.74 % of SS and 84.85 % of COD.