bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction: IJCAR - Volume 8
Authors: Hébert Martine 
Published: November 2021

Dear readers,
I am pleased to introduce the 2021 Issue of IJCAR, the International Journal of Child and Adolescent Resilience, addressing various aspects of youth resilience. We also have a thematic section focused on resilience in Indigenous and multicultural populations.
This issue includes five regular articles on different aspects of resilience. First, Lafrenaye-Dugas et al. document the sources of distress of adolescent boy victims of physical violence within their romantic relationships. Then, Martinez and her colleagues examine the effect of disclosure on resilience in adult female victims of childhood sexual abuse. In the following paper, Dr. Medico proposes a theoretical model of trans affirmative approaches for trans and non-binary youth based on Axel Honneth's ethics of recognition model (2000; 2006). Richard et al. investigate the role of perceptions of harm and perceived peer and parental attitudes towards substance use in the association between adverse childhood experiences and substance use in adolescents. Finally, Villate and her colleagues document the subjective experiences of emerging adults who have a parent with a mental disorder and suggest ways to support their resilience in the transition to adulthood.
In addition to these regular articles, we also have a commentary on the 5th World Congress on Resilience by Dr. Ionescu and a thematic section focused on resilience in Indigenous and multicultural populations. This section presents five articles on the effects of the Lantern|Awacic sexual violence prevention program training for workers in Indigenous care settings (Attard et al.), the relations between virtues, well-being, and resilience in Indigenous youth in the Peruvian Amazon (Bullock et al.), Child Maltreatment-Related Investigations of Children from Newcomer Households in Canada (Houston et al.), a review of the use of mobile applications to support Indigenous youth well-being (Noronha et al.), and finally, the validation of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM-28; Ungar & Liebenberg, 2011) in Nicaraguan youth.
I wish to take this opportunity to warmly thank each member of the IJCAR team, namely Dr. Isabelle Daigneault, Dr. Rachel Langevin and Dr. Tara Black, associate editors; Catherine Moreau, managing editor; Manon Robichaud, layout editor; Andréanne Fortin, senior copyeditor; and Ruo Feng, Sereena Pigeon, and Carley Marshall, junior copyeditor. We hope you enjoy your reading!
Don’t forget to prepare your manuscripts for the 2022 issue. In addition to regular papers, we will feature a thematic section on research presented at the Child and Youth Trauma Symposium. Submit your manuscripts in English or in French by November 15th, 2021. Please feel free to send the information to colleagues and students who may be interested.
Martine Hébert, Editor-in-Chief
Classification with a Neutral Zone
Authors: Jeske Daniel R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractStatistical classifiers are of limited use when one or both of the conditional misclassification rates is unacceptably high. Incorporating a neutral zone region into the classifier provides a mechanism to defer a classification decision for ambiguous cases. By using a neutral zone region the conditional misclassification rates can be controlled and the usefulness of the classifier is greatly enhanced. Neutral zone classifiers can also be incorporated into the first stage of a two‐stage classification procedure to reduce the cost of collecting expensive features.
Robustness of three external beam treatment techniques against inter‐fractional positional variations of the metal port in breast tissue expanders
Authors: Mayorov Keren , Lacasse Patricia , Ali Elsayed 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntroductionTemporary breast tissue expanders contain a metal port that varies in position throughout the course of radiation treatments. The purpose of this study was to quantify the robustness of the three most common external beam treatment techniques (tangential three‐dimensional conformal radiation therapy [3DCRT], volumetric modulated arc therapy [VMAT], and helical tomotherapy) against our measured inter‐fractional positional variations of the port.MethodsFor eight breast cases, a clinical plan was created for each of the three techniques. The dosimetric effect of our previously measured inter‐fractional port errors was evaluated for two classes of error: internal port errors (IPEs) and patient registration errors (PREs). For both classes of error, daily variable and systematic errors were modeled, and their cumulative effects were compared against the originally planned doses.ResultsFor systematic IPE, the 1%–99% range in point dose differences inside a 5‐mm target abutting the implant was the highest for tangential 3DCRT, and it was within 6% and 9% when calculated with Monte Carlo and collapsed cone calculation engines, respectively. Daily variable PRE resulted in mean changes of −3.0% and −3.5% to V100%Rx of the target for VMAT and tomotherapy, respectively. For nearby organs, daily variable PRE resulted in changes to V20Gy of the ipsilateral lung of less than 2% in all three techniques, while V5Gy of the heart increased by as much as 6% in VMAT and 10% in tomotherapy.ConclusionsWhen IPEs were modeled, dose variability was the largest in tangential 3DCRT, leading to areas of underdosage in the shadow of the port. When PREs were modeled, the target coverage and nearby organs were affected the most in VMAT and helical tomotherapy. In reality, port positional errors result from a combination of IPE and PRE, suggesting that VMAT and tomotherapy are more robust when patient registration errors are minimized, despite the presence of IPE.
Single Crystals Heterogeneity Impacts the Intrinsic and Extrinsic Properties of Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Fuchs Adrian , Mannhardt Petra , Hirschle Patrick , Wang Haoze , Zaytseva Irina , Ji Zhe , Yaghi Omar , Wuttke Stefan , Ploetz Evelyn 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAt present, an enormous characterization gap exists between the study of the crystal structure of a material and its bulk properties. Individual particles falling within this gap cannot be fully characterized in a correlative manner by current methods. The authors address this problem by exploiting the noninvasive nature of optical microscopy and spectroscopy for the correlative analysis of metal‐organic framework particles in situ. They probe the intrinsic as well as extrinsic properties in a correlated manner. The authors show that the crystal shape of MIL‐88A strongly impacts its optical absorption. Furthermore, the question of how homogeneously water is distributed and adsorbed within one of the most promising materials for harvesting water from humid air, MOF‐801, is addressed. The results demonstrate the considerable importance of the particle level and how it can affect the property of the material.
Soluble ICAM‐1 a Pivotal Communicator between Tumors and Macrophages, Promotes Mesenchymal Shift of Glioblastoma
Authors: Yoo Ki‐Chun , Kang Jae‐Hyeok , Choi Mi‐Young , Suh Yongjoon , Zhao Yi , Kim Min‐Jung , Chang Jong Hee , Shim Jin‐Kyoung , Yoon Seon‐Jin , Kang Seok‐Gu , Lee Su‐Jae 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDespite aggressive clinical treatment, recurrence of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is unavoidable, and the clinical outcome is still poor. A convincing explanation is the phenotypic transition of GBM cells upon aggressive treatment such as radiotherapy. However, the microenvironmental factors contributing to GBM recurrence after treatment remain unexplored. Here, it is shown that radiation‐treated GBM cells produce soluble intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (sICAM‐1) which stimulates the infiltration of macrophages, consequently enriching the tumor microenvironment with inflammatory macrophages. Acting as a paracrine factor, tumor‐derived sICAM‐1 induces macrophages to secrete wingless‐type MMTV integration site family, member 3A (WNT3A), which promotes a mesenchymal shift of GBM cells. In addition, blockade of either sICAM‐1 or WNT3A diminishes the harmful effect of radiation on tumor progression. Collectively, the findings indicate that cellular crosstalk between GBM and macrophage through sICAM‐1‐WNT3A oncogenic route is involved in the mesenchymal shift of GBM cells after radiation, and suggest that radiotherapy combined with sICAM‐1 targeted inhibition would improve the clinical outcome of GBM patients.
Intracellular Thermal Probing Using Aggregated Fluorescent Nanodiamonds
Authors: Wu Tianli , Chen Xixi , Gong Zhiyong , Yan Jiahao , Guo Jinghui , Zhang Yao , Li Yuchao , Li Baojun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIntracellular thermometry provides important information about the physiological activity of single cells and has been implemented using diverse temperature‐sensitive materials as nanoprobes. However, measuring the temperature of specific organelles or subcellular structures is challenging because it requires precise positioning of the nanoprobes. Here, it is shown that dispersed fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) endocytosed in living cells can be aggregated into microspheres using optical forces and used as intracellular temperature probes. The aggregation of the FNDs and electromagnetic resonance between individual nanodiamonds in the microspheres lead to a sevenfold intensity enhancement of 546‐nm laser excitation. With the assistance of a scanning optical tweezing system, the FND microspheres can be precisely patterned and positioned within the cells. By measuring the fluorescence spectra of the microspheres, the temperatures at different locations within the cells are detected. The method provides an approach to the constructing and positioning of nanoprobes in an intracellular manner, which has potential applications in high‐precision and flexible single‐cell analysis.
Heavy‐Atom‐Free Room‐Temperature Phosphorescent Rylene Imide for High‐Performing Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Liang Ningning , Liu Guogang , Hu Deping , Wang Kai , Li Yan , Zhai Tianrui , Zhang Xinping , Shuai Zhigang , Yan He , Hou Jianhui , Wang Zhaohui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOrganic phosphorescence, originating from triplet excitons, has potential for the development of new generation of organic optoelectronic materials. Herein, two heavy‐atom‐free room‐temperature phosphorescent (RTP) electron acceptors with inherent long lifetime triplet exctions are first reported. These two 3D‐fully conjugated rigid perylene imide (PDI) multimers, as the best nonfullerene wide‐bandgap electron acceptors, exhibit a significantly elevated T1 of ≈2.1 eV with a room‐temperature phosphorescent emission (τ = 66 µs) and a minimized singlet–triplet splitting as low as ≈0.13 eV. The huge spatial congestion between adjacent PDI skeleton endows them with significantly modified electronic characteristics of S1 and T1. This feature, plus with the fully‐conjugated rigid molecular configuration, balances the intersystem crossing rate and fluorescence/phosphorescence rates, and therefore, elevating ET1 to ≈2.1 from 1.2 eV for PDI monomer. Meanwhile, the highly delocalized feature enables the triplet charge‐transfer excitons at donor–acceptor interface effectively dissociate into free charges, endowing the RTP electron acceptor based organic solar cells (OSCs) with a high internal quantum efficiency of 84% and excellent charge collection capability of 94%. This study introduces an alternative strategy for designing PDI derivatives with high‐triplet state‐energy and provides revelatory insights into the fundamental electronic characteristics, photophysical mechanism, and photo‐to‐current generation pathway.
Controlling Oxidative Addition and Reductive Elimination at Tin(I) via Hemi‐Lability
Authors: Caise Alexa , Crumpton Agamemnon E. , Vasko Petra , Hicks Jamie , McManus Caitilín , Rees Nicholas H. , Aldridge Simon 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe report on the synthesis of a distannyne supported by a pincer ligand bearing pendant amine donors that is capable of reversibly activating E‐H bonds at one or both of the tin centres through dissociation of the hemi‐labile N‐Sn donor/acceptor interactions. This chemistry can be exploited to sequentially (and reversibly) assemble mixed‐valence chains of tin atoms of the type ArSn{Sn(Ar)H}nSnAr (n=1, 2). The experimentally observed (decreasing) propensity towards chain growth with increasing chain length can be rationalized both thermodynamically and kinetically by the electron‐ withdrawing properties of the ‐Sn(Ar)H‐ backbone units generated via oxidative addition.
Gut mobilization improves behavioral symptoms and modulates urinary p‐cresol in chronically constipated autistic children: A prospective study
Authors: Turriziani Laura , Ricciardello Arianna , Cucinotta Francesca , Bellomo Fabiana , Turturo Giada , Boncoddo Maria , Mirabelli Silvestro , Scattoni Maria Luisa , Rossi Maddalena , Persico Antonio M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractChronic constipation is common among children with ASD and is associated with more severe hyperactivity, anxiety, irritability, and repetitive behaviors. Young autistic children with chronic constipation display higher urinary, and foecal concentrations of p‐cresol, an aromatic compound produced by gut bacteria, known to negatively affect brain function. Acute p‐cresol administration to BTBR mice enhances anxiety, hyperactivity and stereotypic behaviors, while blunting social interaction. This study was undertaken to prospectively assess the behavioral effects of gut mobilization in young autistic children with chronic constipation, and to verify their possible correlation with urinary p‐cresol. To this aim, 21 chronically constipated autistic children 2–8 years old were evaluated before (T0), 1 month (T1), and 6 months (T2) after intestinal mobilization, recording Bristol stool scale scores, urinary p‐cresol concentrations, and behavioral scores for social interaction deficits, stereotypic behaviors, anxiety, and hyperactivity. Gut mobilization yielded a progressive and highly significant decrease in all behavioral symptoms over the 6‐month study period. Urinary p‐cresol levels displayed variable trends not significantly correlated with changes in behavioral parameters, mainly increasing at T1 and decreasing at T2. These results support gut mobilization as a simple strategy to ameliorate ASD symptoms, as well as comorbid anxiety and hyperactivity, in chronically constipated children. Variation in p‐cresol absorption seemingly provides limited contributions, if any, to these behavioral changes. Further research will be needed to address the relative role of reduced abdominal discomfort following mobilization, as compared to specific modifications in microbiome composition and in gut bacteria‐derived neuroactive compounds.
Neurogenesis in the rat neonate's hippocampus with maternal short‐term REM sleep deprivation restores by royal jelly treatment
Authors: Khodaverdiloo Atena , Farhadi Mona , Jameie Melikasadat , Jameie Seyed behnamedin , Pirhajati Vahid 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundNumerous studies have shown the effects of rapid eye movement sleep deprivation (REM‐SD) on behavior and brain structures. The impact of REM‐SD on learning and memory, thus neurogenesis, has been reported in previous studies. Royal jelly (RJ) is known as the wealthiest biological nutrient with various physiological properties. This study aimed to study the possible effect of RJ on neurogenesis of the rat hippocampus neonates following exposure of mother to REM‐SD during pregnancy.MethodsThirty neonate rats from 15 pregnant Wistar rats were used. To induce REM‐SD, the flowerpot method was used. The pregnant rats were divided into five groups (n = 3): group 1, no treatment; group 2, REM‐SD; groups 3, 4, and 5, REM‐SD +RJ. The former group received 72 h REM‐SD during pregnancy (days 7, 14, 21), and the latter group received REM‐SD + RJ (three trial groups). At week 4, the rat neonates of all groups were sacrificed (n = 6 each group). Their brains were fixed, removed, and prepared for Nissl and Hoechst 33342 staining. By using real time polymerase chain reaction methode the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor BDNF gene expression was studied (RT‐PCR), brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene expression was studied. The results were analyzed statistically, and the Pv < .05 was considered significant.ResultsThe results showed a significant decrease in the number of neurons in the hippocampus of neonatal rats of REM‐SD mothers compared to the neonates of the mother with REM‐SD + RJ. REM‐SD also led to an increase in apoptosis reaching the neonates from the REM‐SD + RJ animals. High expression of BDNF was observed in the hippocampus of the neonates from REM‐SD + RJ treated mothers.ConclusionRJ acts as a neuroprotective agent that could compensate for the effects of REM‐SD on learning and memory via restoring neurogenesis.
Mammalian Chemical Genomics towards Identifying Targets and Elucidating Modes‐of‐Action of Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Matsumoto Ken , Yoshida Minoru 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe step of identifying target molecules and elucidating the mode of action of bioactive compounds is a major bottleneck for drug discovery from phenotypic screening. Genetic screening for genes that affect drug sensitivity or phenotypes of mammalian cultured cells is a powerful tool to obtain clues to their modes of action. Chemical genomic screening systems for comprehensively identifying such genes or genetic pathways have been established using shRNA libraries for RNA interference‐mediated mRNA knockdown or sgRNA libraries for CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated gene knockout. The combination of chemical genomic screening in mammalian cells with other approaches such as biochemical searches for target molecules, phenotypic profiling, and yeast genetics provides a systematic way to elucidate the mode of action by converging various pieces of information regarding target molecules, target pathways, and synthetic lethal pathways.
Stimuli Induced Uptake of Protein‐Like Peptide Brush Polymers
Authors: Blum Angela P. , Yin Jian , Lin Helen H. , Oliver Blayne A. , Kammeyer Jacquelin K. , Thompson Matthew P. , Gilson Michael K. , Gianneschi Nathan C. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRecently, we presented a strategy for packaging peptides as side‐chains in high‐density brush polymers. For this globular protein‐like polymer (PLP) formulation, therapeutic peptides were shown to resist proteolytic degradation, enter cells efficiently and maintain biological function. In this paper, we establish the role charge plays in dictating the cellular uptake of these peptide formulations, finding that peptides with a net positive charge will enter cells when polymerized, while those formed from anionic or neutral peptides remain outside of cells. Given these findings, we explored whether cellular uptake could be selectively induced by a stimulus. In our design, a cationic peptide is appended to a sequence of charge‐neutralizing anionic amino acids through stimuli‐responsive cleavable linkers. As a proof‐of‐concept study, we tested this strategy with two different classes of stimuli, exogenous UV light and an enzyme (a matrix metalloproteinase) associated with the inflammatory response. The key finding is that these materials enter cells only when acted upon by the stimulus. This approach makes it possible to achieve delivery of the polymers, therapeutic peptides or an appended cargo into cells in response to an appropriate stimulus.
Photo‐ and Electrochemical Dual‐Responsive Iridium Probe for Saccharide Detection
Authors: Carrod Andrew J. , Graglia Francesco , Male Louise , Le Duff Cécile , Simpson Peter , Elsherif Mohamed , Ahmed Zubair , Butt Haider , Xu Guang‐Xi , Kam‐Wing Lo Kenneth , Bertoncello Paolo , Pikramenou Zoe 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDual detection systems are of interest for rapid, accurate data collection in sensing systems and in vitro testing. We introduce an IrIII complex with a boronic acid receptor site attached to the 2‐phenylpyridine ligand as an ideal probe with photo‐ and electrochemical signals that is sensitive to monosaccharide binding in aqueous solution. The complex displays orange luminescence at 618 nm, which is reduced by 70 and 40 % upon binding of fructose and glucose, respectively. The electro‐chemiluminescent signal of the complex also shows a direct response to monosaccharide binding. The IrIII complex shows the same response upon incorporation into hydrogel matrices as in solution, thus demonstrating the potential of its integration into a device, as a nontoxic, simple‐to‐use tool to observe sugar binding over physiologically relevant pH ranges and saccharide concentrations. Moreover, the complex's luminescence is responsive to monosaccharide presence in cancer cells.
Relationship Between Molecular Structure, Single crystal Packing and Self‐Assembly Behavior: A Case Based on Pyrene Imide Derivatives
Authors: Li Xiaojun , Zhang Shilong , Chen Wangqiao , Han Hongjing , Qiu Meizhen , Chen Jiawen , Zhang Qichun 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDevelopment of new n‐type one‐dimensional (1D) self‐assembly nanostructure and a clear understanding of the relationship between molecular structure and self‐assembly behavior are important prerequisites for further designing and optimizing organic optoelectronic nanodevice. In this article, a series of n‐type organic semiconductor materials based on pyrene imide were successfully synthesized through [4+2] cycloaddition reactions and their preliminary optical and electrochemical properties were studied. The simulated HOMO‐LUMO bandgaps via DFT tallied with the experimental data well. The self‐assembly of these materials showed needle or fiber‐like morphologies, indicating that different conjugation degree or alkyl group had significant influence on their self‐assembly behaviors. Furthermore, the single‐crystal packing for these molecules were analyzed and it was found out that the changes of conjugated backbone and functional group would affect certain crystal lattice parameter significantly, such as the intermolecular packing distance and crystal size etc, which would further result in different self‐assembly morphology.
Building a portal for climate data—Mapping automation, visualization, and dissemination
Authors: McLean Jared , Cleveland Sean B. , Dodge Michael , Lucas Matthew P. , Longman Ryan J. , Giambelluca Thomas W. , Jacobs Gwen A. 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThis article discusses the technologies and implementation of a climate data portal. This portal provides researchers and community stakeholders access to climatological data and resources, currently focusing on the state of Hawai'i. The portal provides interactive access to and visualization of hosted historical and near‐real‐time gridded maps and aggregated sensor station observational data. Climate data (currently precipitation and temperature) from sensor stations are collected, quality controlled, and processed daily to produce high‐resolution gridded maps of climate data. A publicly available web application allows users to navigate the available data and visualize the produced gridded data products and sensor stations data on an interactive map element, view information about the sensor stations used to produce a given map, and generate time series from sensor station data. The portal can also generate packages of data to export from the application. The portal is designed to host and disseminate any climatological variables that can be processed into a set of observational data and gridded value maps. The established workflow and automation procedure is generally extensible to additional variables and will be used similarly to expand the scope of the portal.