bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
S100A9‐Targeted Cowpea Mosaic Virus as a Prophylactic and Therapeutic Immunotherapy against Metastatic Breast Cancer and Melanoma
Authors: Chung Young Hun , Park Jooneon , Cai Hui , Steinmetz Nicole F. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPrognosis and treatment of metastatic cancer continues to be one of the most difficult and challenging areas of oncology. Treatment usually consists of chemotherapeutics, which may be ineffective due to drug resistance, adverse effects, and dose‐limiting toxicity. Therefore, novel approaches such as immunotherapy have been investigated to improve patient outcomes and minimize side effects. S100A9 is a calcium‐binding protein implicated in tumor metastasis, progression, and aggressiveness that modulates the tumor microenvironment into an immunosuppressive state. S100A9 is expressed in and secreted by immune cells in the pre‐metastatic niche, as well as, post‐tumor development, therefore making it a suitable targeted for prophylaxis and therapy. In previous work, it is demonstrated that cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) acts as an adjuvant when administered intratumorally. Here, it is demonstrated that systemically administered, S100A9‐targeted CPMV homes to the lungs leading to recruitment of innate immune cells. This approach is efficacious both prophylactically and therapeutically against lung metastasis from melanoma and breast cancer. The current research will facilitate and accelerate the development of next‐generation targeted immunotherapies administered as prophylaxis, that is, after surgery of a primary breast tumor to prevent outgrowth of metastasis, as well as, therapy to treat established metastatic disease.
Super Tough and Spontaneous Water‐Assisted Autonomous Self‐Healing Elastomer for Underwater Wearable Electronics
Authors: He Cyuan‐Lun , Liang Fang‐Cheng , Veeramuthu Loganathan , Cho Chia‐Jung , Benas Jean‐Sebastien , Tzeng Yung‐Ru , Tseng Yen‐Lin , Chen Wei‐Cheng , Rwei Alina , Kuo Chi‐Ching 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSelf‐healing soft electronic material composition is crucial to sustain the device long‐term durability. The fabrication of self‐healing soft electronics exposed to high moisture environment is a significant challenge that has yet to be fully achieved. This paper presents the novel concept of a water‐assisted room‐temperature autonomous self‐healing mechanism based on synergistically dynamic covalent Schiff‐based imine bonds with hydrogen bonds. The supramolecular water‐assisted self‐healing polymer (WASHP) films possess rapid self‐healing kinetic behavior and high stretchability due to a reversible dissociation–association process. In comparison with the pristine room‐temperature self‐healing polymer, the WASHP demonstrates favorable mechanical performance at room temperature and a short self‐healing time of 1 h; furthermore, it achieves a tensile strain of 9050%, self‐healing efficiency of 95%, and toughness of 144.2 MJ m−3. As a proof of concept, a versatile WASHP‐based light‐emitting touch‐responsive device (WASHP‐LETD) and perovskite quantum dot (PeQD)‐based white LED backlight are designed. The WASHP‐LETD has favorable mechanical deformation performance under pressure, bending, and strain, whereas the WASHP‐PeQDs exhibit outstanding long‐term stability even over a period exceeding one year in a boiling water environment. This paper provides a mechanically robust approach for producing eco‐friendly, economical, and waterproof e‐skin device components.
Impact of imposed root lodging on corn growth and yield
Authors: Lindsey Alexander J. , Carter Paul R. , Thomison Peter R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractStrong winds combined with heavy rains can push corn (Zea mays L.) plants over and pull roots part way out of the soil. Weather events that bring these conditions are becoming more frequent in occurrence in the midwestern United States. Yield losses due to root lodging have been related to partial loss of root activity and reduced light interception, but also may stem from affected pollination and kernel fill. A field study was conducted in Ohio from 2018 to 2020 that simulated root lodging from strong winds imposed at V10, V13–14, VT–R1, or R3 growth stages in three modern hybrids. Plants were pushed perpendicular to row direction at the specified stage following natural rain or irrigation events. Differences in hybrids were recorded in this study, but each hybrid exhibited a similar response to lodging (hybrid × lodging interaction was not evident). Yield was reduced by 5, 22, 43, and 33% compared to non‐lodged control at V10, V13–14, VT–R1, and R3, respectively. Light interception in the upper canopy decreased when measured at R4 if lodged previously, and was of greater magnitude as lodging occurred later in the season. Poor pollination contributed to the large yield loss at VT–R1. In addition to reduced yield, increased vivipary and decreased kernel weights in the R3 treatments could further reduce grain quality. These yield losses from this study are greater than have been reported previously, and should be considered when assessing fields for severe wind damage in the future.
Spherical nucleic acids: Organized nucleotide aggregates as versatile nanomedicine
Authors: Song Yangmeihui , Song Wenyu , Lan Xiaoli , Cai Weibo , Jiang Dawei 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSpherical nucleic acids (SNAs) are composed of a nanoparticle core and a layer of densely arranged oligonucleotide shells. After the first report of SNA by Mirkin and coworkers in 1996, it has created a significant interest by offering new possibilities in the field of gene and drug delivery. The controlled aggregation of oligonucleotides on the surface of organic/inorganic nanoparticles improves the delivery of genes and nucleic acid–based drugs and alters and regulates the biological profiles of the nanoparticle core within living organisms. Here in this review, we present an overview of the recent progress of SNAs that has speeded up their biomedical application and their potential transition to clinical use. We start with introducing the concept and characteristics of SNAs as drug/gene delivery systems and highlight recent efforts of bioengineering SNA by imaging and treatmenting various diseases. Finally, we discuss potential challenges and opportunities of SNAs, their ongoing clinical trials, and future translation, and how they may affect the current landscape of clinical practices. We hope that this review will update our current understanding of SNA, organized oligonucleotide aggregates, for disease diagnosis and treatment.
A de novoCSDE1 variant causing neurodevelopmental delay, intellectual disability, neurologic and psychiatric symptoms in a child of consanguineous parents
Authors: Gangfuß Andrea , Lochmüller Hanns , Töpf Ana , O'Heir Emily , Horvath Rita , Kölbel Heike , Schweiger Bernd , Schara‐Schmidt Ulrike , Roos Andreas 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCSDE1 encodes the cytoplasmic cold shock domain‐containing protein E1 (CSDE1), which is highly conserved across species and functions as an RNA‐binding protein involved in translationally coupled mRNA turnover. CSDE1 displays a bidirectional role: promoting and repressing the translation of RNAs but also increasing and decreasing the abundance of RNAs. Preclinical studies highlighted an involvement of CSDE1 in different forms of cancer. Moreover, CSDE1 is highly expressed in human embryonic stem cells and plays a role in neuronal migration and differentiation. A genome‐wide association study suggested CSDE1 as a potential autism‐spectrum disorder risk gene. A multicenter next generation sequencing approach unraveled likely causative heterozygous variants in CSDE1 in 18 patients, identifying a new autism spectrum disorder‐related syndrome consisting of autism, intellectual disability, and neurodevelopmental delay. Since then, no further patients with CSDE1 variants have been reported in the literature. Here, we report a 9.5‐year‐old girl from a consanguineous family of Turkish origin suffering from profound delayed speech and motor development, moderate intellectual disability, neurologic and psychiatric symptoms as well as hypoplasia of corpus callosum and mildly reduced brain volume on brain magnetic resonance imaging associated with a recurrent de novo mutation in CSDE1 (c.367C > T; p.R123*) expanding the phenotypical spectrum associated with pathogenic CSDE1 variants.
Carbazole‐Fused Polycyclic Aromatics Enabled by Regioselective Scholl Reactions
Authors: Zhao Mengna , Pun Sai Ho , Gong Qi , Miao Qian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe synthesis of new carbazole‐fused polycyclic aromatics with interesting geometry and useful properties was explored using Scholl reactions. As found from the Scholl reactions of substrates having two carbazole units linked at different positions through o‐phenylene, oxidative coupling of carbazole units occurred in a regioselective manner with new carbon–carbon bonds preferably formed at C3 and C4 in N‐alkyl carbazoles. A new N‐containing aromatic bowl was characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography, and new p‐type organic semiconductors exhibited field effect mobility of up to 0.070 cm2 V−1 s−1 in solution‐processed thin‐film transistors.
High‐Throughput Discovery of a Rhombohedral Twelve‐Connected Zirconium‐Based Metal‐Organic Framework with Ordered Terephthalate and Fumarate Linkers
Authors: Tollitt Adam M. , Vismara Rebecca , Daniels Luke M. , Antypov Dmytro , Gaultois Michael W. , Katsoulidis Alexandros P. , Rosseinsky Matthew J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe report a metal‐organic framework where an ordered array of two linkers with differing length and geometry connect [Zr6(OH)4O4]12+ clusters into a twelve‐connected fcu net that is rhombohedrally distorted from cubic symmetry. The ordered binding of equal numbers of terephthalate and fumarate ditopic carboxylate linkers at the trigonal antiprismatic Zr6 core creates close‐packed layers of fumarate‐connected clusters that are connected along the single remaining threefold axis by terephthalates. This well‐defined linker arrangement retains the three‐dimensional porosity of the Zr cluster‐based UiO family while creating two distinct windows within the channels that define two distinct guest diffusion paths. The ordered material is accessed by a restricted combination of composition and process parameters that were identified by high‐throughput synthesis.
Desolvation of Peptide Bond by O to S Substitution Impacts Protein Stability
Authors: Khatri Bhavesh , Raghunathan Shampa , Chakraborti Sohini , Rahisuddin R. , Kumaran S. , Tadala Raghu , Wagh Padmakar , Priyakumar U. Deva , Chatterjee Jayanta 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAmino acid side chains are key to fine‐tuning the microenvironment polarity in proteins composed of polar amide bonds. Here, we report that substituting an oxygen atom of the backbone amide bond with sulfur atom desolvates the thioamide bond, thereby increasing its lipophilicity. The impact of such local desolvation by O to S substitution in proteins was tested by synthesizing thioamidated variants of Pin1 WW domain. We observe that a thioamide acts in synergy with nonpolar amino acid side chains to reduce the microenvironment polarity and increase protein stability by more than 14 °C. Through favorable van der Waals and hydrogen bonding interactions, this single atom substitution significantly stabilizes proteins without altering the amino acid sequence and structure of the native protein.
Chiral Indoline‐2‐carboxylic Acid Enables Highly Enantioselective Catellani‐type Annulation with 4‐(Bromomethyl)cyclohexanone
Authors: Chen Xin‐Meng , Zhu Ling , Chen Dian‐Feng , Gong Liu‐Zhu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractChiral indoline‐2‐carboxylic acid has been identified to enable a highly enantioselective Catellani‐type annulation of (hetero)aryl, alkenyl triflate and conjugated vinyl iodides with 4‐(bromomethyl)cyclohexanone, directly assembling a diverse range of chiral all‐carbon bridged ring systems. Control experiments and DFT calculations suggest that the coordinating orientation of the chiral amino acid to the arylpalladium(II) center allows for high levels of stereochemical control.
NBN‐Doped Bis‐Tetracene and Peri‐Tetracene: Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Fu Yubin , Chang Xiao , Yang Huan , Dmitrieva Evgenia , Gao Yixuan , Ma Ji , Huang Li , Liu Junzhi , Lu Hongliang , Cheng Zhihai , Du Shixuan , Gao Hong‐Jun , Feng Xinliang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCombining solution‐based and surface‐assisted synthesis, we demonstrate the first synthesis of NBN‐doped bis‐tetracene (NBN‐BT) and peri‐tetracene (NBN‐PT). The chemical structures are clearly elucidated by high‐resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in combination with noncontact atomic force microscopy (nc‐AFM). Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) characterizations reveal that NBN‐BT and NBN‐PT possess higher energy gaps than bis‐tetracene and peri‐tetracene. Interestingly, NBN‐BT can undergo stepwise one‐electron oxidation and convert into its corresponding radical cation and then to its dication. The energy gap of the NBN‐BT dication is similar to that of bis‐tetracene, indicating their isoelectronic relationship. Moreover, a similar energy gap between the NBN‐PT dication and peri‐tetracene can be predicted by DFT calculations. This work provides a novel synthesis along with characterizations of multi‐NBN‐doped zigzag‐edged peri‐acenes with tunable electronic properties.
Towards Dendrite‐Free Potassium‐Metal Batteries: Rational Design of a Multifunctional 3D Polyvinyl Alcohol‐Borax Layer
Authors: Wang Shuo , Yan Yaping , Xiong Dongbin , Li Guojing , Wang Ye , Chen Fuming , Chen Song , Tian Bingbing , Shi Yumeng 
Published: September 2021

AbstractK metal is the optimal anode for K‐ion batteries because of its high capacity and low operating potential, but it suffers from fast capacity fading and safety issues due to an unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and continuous K‐dendrite growth. Herein, to obtain promising potassium‐metal batteries, a 3D polyvinyl‐alcohol (PVA)‐borax layer is designed, which enables a dendrite‐free K‐plating/stripping process. The protective layer possesses good wettability, high K‐ion diffusivity, and good structural stability, which enables a “uniform and underneath plating” behavior, therefore exhibiting a stable electrochemical performance. As a result, Cu current collector with PVA‐borax (PVA‐borax@Cu) exhibits a stable cycling lifetime for 700 h at 0.5 mA cm−2 and 500 h at 1 mA cm−2 at 10 % depth of discharge (DOD) without dendrite formation. Even at a high utilization of 25 % DOD and 50 % DOD, the PVA‐borax@Cu shows a stable cycle for 180 h and 100 h, respectively.
Activity‐Based Luciferase‐Luciferin Bioluminescence System for Bioimaging Applications
Authors: Xia Tiantian , Cheng Xiaotong , Zhan Wenjun , Liang Gaolin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThere is growing interest in applying bioluminescence for imaging varies biological processes in life sciences due to its high resolution, selectivity, and signal/noise ratio (no need of external light excitation). Among the diverse bioluminescence systems, firefly luciferin–luciferase system is considered to be the most popular one for bioimaging applications both in vitro and in vivo. The general design strategy of this system is to cage luciferin (i. e., free luciferin is protected with distinctive functional groups). When the protecting moieties are removed by their corresponding analytes, bioluminescence signal turns “on”, enabling people to understand their biological processes. Considering that d‐luciferin‐luciferase bioluminescence imaging system is now becoming a hot and cutting‐edge research topic, in this minireview, we briefly explain the bioluminescence mechanism and summarize the biological molecule‐responsive, d‐luciferin‐based bioluminescence imaging probes. Moreover, the attempts to optimize the photochemical properties of d ‐luciferin are also introduced. Current challenges and future perspectives for activity‐based luciferase‐luciferin bioluminescence system are also outlooked. With the understanding of the structure−property relationships and working mechanisms of these bioluminescence probes, we hope that this minireview might provide effective guidance for the development of bioluminescence imaging probes and even their clinical translations.
Effect of additives on properties of cross‐linked carboxymethyl starch/polyvinyl alcohol composite films
Authors: Yang Liang , Xie Mingzhu , Fang Jinxin , Zhang Tianyun , Wang Xuemei , Chen Liping 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn order to improve the comprehensive performance of cross‐linked carboxymethyl starch (CCMS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films, expand its application in the field of daily packaging. The CCMS/PVA blend films were prepared by solution casting method. The effect of environmentally friendly non‐toxic additives citric acid, urea, CaCl2, and nano‐SiO2 on the microscopic surface morphology, crystallization properties, thermal properties, mechanical properties, water resistance and optical properties of the CCMS/PVA composite films were investigated. The biocomposite films were characterized by SEM, FT‐IR, XRD, TGA, tensile testing, water absorption test, water vapor transmission test, and UV–visible spectrophotometer. The result indicates that the compound addition of citric acid and urea greatly increase the elongation at break of the composite films from 9.2% to 225.7%. With the composite addition of citric acid and nano‐SiO2, the composite film has the best water resistance and water vapor barrier properties. The composite films added with citric acid, urea and nano‐SiO2 can obtain the best thermal stability. Among these four additives, CaCl2 has the largest negative effect on the elongation at break and urea has the largest negative effect on water resistance properties of the CCMS/PVA composites. The CCMS/PVA composite films prepared by adding 30% citric acid and 6% nano‐SiO2 has the best comprehensive performance. The tensile strength, elongation at break, solubility, thermal decomposition temperature, water vapor permeability and light transmittance of the CCMS/PVA/CA/S composite films are 3.3 MPa, 168%, 34.6%, 293.2°C, 1.54 × 10−11 g s−1 m−1 Pa−1 and 22.47%, respectively. The biocomposite film has the potential to be applied in the field of packaging, and provides a reference for further research.
Global fast terminal integral sliding mode control based on magnetic field measurement for magnetic levitation system
Authors: Li Guidan , Ren Zongqin , Li Bin , Fu Tongling , Duan Peihua 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMagnetic levitation systems are widely applied in many fields. In this paper, a global fast terminal integral sliding mode controller (GFTISMC) based on the second‐order flux linkage model is proposed to improve the response speed and steady‐state error of the maglev system. Firstly, the dynamic model of the maglev system is deduced, and the second‐order flux state model is established. Secondly, to improve the global response speed of the system and reduce the steady‐state error, a GFTISMC is constructed. A position model based on magnetic field measurement is determined to achieve closed‐loop control. Finally, compared with the traditional sliding mode control, the simulation and experimental results show that the proposed controller has better global response speed, stronger robustness, and smaller steady‐state error.
A parameter setting method to find the required state estimation accuracy for a motion control method in merging scenario
Authors: Cao Wenjing , Mukai Masakazu , Kawabe Taketoshi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this study, we propose a procedure for parameters setting of the motion control method to find the required state estimation accuracy. A lot of motion control methods have been proposed for automatic driving vehicles in recent years to reduce fuel consumption and drivers' mental load. Mode predictive control (MPC) method is one of the often‐used control methods in motion control of automobiles. The technique to find the required state estimation accuracy is necessary to implement a motion control method. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, such a technique has not been presented in any literature before. Therefore, we proposed a parameter setting method to find the required state estimation accuracy, assuming a model‐predictive‐type motion control method designed based on an optimal control problem. The contributions of this work are as follows: (1) A specific procedure to set the control parameters is proposed. (2) To overcome the difficulty of the parameter setting problem, we divide the control parameters into two sets. The first set of parameters are unrelated to the robustness against state estimation errors, while the others are related. (3) The parameters in the first set are designed independently of the others, so that parameter setting can be easily accomplished. The parameters in the first set are designed to obtain desirable motion of the ego vehicles ignoring the errors. The other parameters are set to find the required state estimation accuracy. (4) The parameter tuning problem and the specification of the state estimation accuracy is considered together. As a result, once the control parameters are determined, the required state estimation accuracy is specified. As an example, a robust motion control method based on MPC for merging scenario was considered. Calculations for some cases were conducted to show the effectiveness of the proposed procedure. The results showed that, if the estimation errors in the displacements of the vehicles are bounded in [− 1, 1][m]and that in the velocities are bounded in [− 1/30, 1/30][m/s], desirable motion control is possible for all the tested initial conditions.
Does regulating per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances represent a meaningful opportunity for health risk reduction?
Authors: Alfredo Katherine , Seidel Chad , Ghosh Amlan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUS Environmental Protection Agency's drinking water contaminant regulations must meet a qualitative “meaningful opportunity” threshold in health risk reduction. Using our Relative Health Indicator (RHI) metric, we quantify the ranges of potential health risk reductions that could be achieved from state and federal per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances regulatory levels (proposed or finalized) and compare them with previous regulatory determinations of other contaminants to create a quantifiable, comparable scale of “meaningful opportunity” justifications. If perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctyl sulfonate (PFOS) were present in 100% of water systems, contaminant concentrations of 227 ng/L PFOS and 2295 ng/L PFOA would be needed to exceed the minimum threshold of percent population*RHI (PopRHI) to justify “meaningful opportunity,” based on the current regulatory levels of uranium; these concentrations exceed any levels being proposed. Using this comparison metric, our results demonstrate that the regulatory levels for PFOA and PFOS alone will not achieve a national meaningful health risk reduction as compared with previously regulated contaminants.Article Impact StatementPlacing the 2021 USEPA PFAS positive RegDet in historical context, we evaluate "meaningful opportunity" for health risk reduction.