bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BLS ERC Certified Greek Providers’ Willingness to Perform CPR and Skill Retention During the Covid-19 Pandemic. A Survey of the Hellenic Society of Cardiology (WG CPR)
Authors: Latsios George , Synetos Andreas , Leopoulou Marianna , Stamatopoulou Evaggelia , Koukopoulos Panagiotis , Parisis Charalambos , Karanasos Antonios , Fragkou Paraskevi , Toutouzas Konstantinos , Kanakakis John , Tsioufis Kostas 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate a. the level of established knowledge regarding cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) during the Covid-19 pandemic era of certified Basic Life Support (BLS) providers and b. their attitude towards CPR, along with possible misconceptions regarding Covid-19. Methods: Certified BLS providers from courses held in Athens, Greece were asked to complete an electronic survey regarding their knowledge and behavioral changes on performing CPR on victims with confirmed or suspected Covid-19 infection. Their perception on BLS courses was also assessed. Answers were collected during June 2020. Results: Out of 5513 certified providers, 25.53% completed the survey. The majority (83.36%) would provide CPR to an arrest victim with possible or confirmed Covid-19 infection. Regarding the use of an automated external defibrillator, the majority thinks that it is equally safe as in the pre-Covid-19 period (58.24%). Older age (<0.001) and a lower level of education (p<0.001) made rescuers more willing to provide CPR. Exposure to the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) (p<0.001) and to a lesser degree to Greek National Public Health Organization (NPHO) guidelines was also correlated to a less negative attitude towards resuscitation, whereas time since the last BLS seminar had no such impact (p=0.18). All responders agree that training in CPR during Covid-19 remains necessary.Conclusion: Certified BLS providers maintain willingness to perform CPR in unresponsive victims even during the Covid-19 pandemic era. This attitude is reinforced by exposure to the updated CPR guidelines. Knowledge regarding Covid-19 CPR is satisfactory, with more training focused on the revised algorithms considered essential.
Using a laptop computer for work: musculoskeletal disorders and the functional characteristics of the neck in comparison with the users of desktop computers
Authors: Argus Martin , Pääsuke Mati 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

Using a laptop for work is gaining rapid popularity, but there is little evidence of how it influences musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) and functional characteristics of the neck and shoulder area. The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of upper body MSDs and functional characteristics of the neck between office workers using a laptop or desktop computer.
Methods

A total of 110 office workers with a mean age of 41 ± 10 participated. From them 45 office workers (73% female) used a laptop and 65 office workers (86% female) desktop computers. The prevalence of MSDs was recorded using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Active range of motion (AROM), maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) force, joint position error (JPE), and pain-pressure threshold (PPT) of the neck were measured.
Results

Laptop users had statistically significantly more MSDs in the right shoulder area on the day of participation (p < 0.001, OR = 4.47), during the previous 7 days (p < 0.01, OR = 3.74) and 6 months (p < 0.01, OR = 3.57). Laptop users had also significantly more MSDs in the left shoulder during the previous 7 days (p < 0.05, OR = 2.44). Desktop computer users had more MSDs in the low back during the previous 6 months (p < 0.05, OR = 2.24). There were no statistically significant differences in any of the functional characteristics of the neck between the groups.
Conclusions

Using the laptop computer for office work can cause a higher chance of developing MSDs in the neck and shoulder area, but might not have a long-term effect on the functional characteristics of the neck.
Peripheral Muscle Microcirculation Dynamics During Strength Exercise in Heart Failure Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Vale-Lira Amanda , Turri-Silva Natália , Verboven Kenneth , Durigan João Luiz Quagliotti , Chiappa Gaspar R. , Hansen Dominique , Cipriano Gerson 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to compare the muscle microcirculation dynamics via near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) response during an isokinetic muscle strength test and ultrasound-derived parameters in heart failure patients with preserved or reduced ejection fraction phenotypes (HFpEF and HFrEF, respectively) and different functional severities (Weber Class A, B, and C). Twenty-eight aged-matched patients with HFpEF (n = 16) and HFrEF (n = 12) were assessed. Within HFpEF, Weber Class C patients presented a worse capability to reach a greater oxygen extraction during exercise than Classes A and B. Among those with Weber C severity, while HFrEF patients reached lower oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb, µM) (-10.9 ± 3.8 vs. -23.7 ± 5.7, p = 0.029) during exercise, HFpEF kept a lower O2Hb during the recovery period (-3.0 ± 3.4 vs. 5.9 ± 2.8, p = 0.007). Among the ultrasound-derived variables, HFpEF, Weber Class C, also presented a higher echo intensity than HFrEF patients (29.7 ± 8.4 vs. 15.1 ± 6.8, p = 0.017). Our study reveals more pronounced impairments in local microcirculatory dynamics in HFpEF vs. HFrEF patients during muscle strength exercise, combined with muscle-skeletal abnormalities detected via ultrasound imaging, which may help to explain the commonly observed exercise intolerance in HFpEF patients.
Toward an understanding of the chemical ecology of alternative reproductive tactics in the bulb mite (Rhizoglyphus robini)
Authors: Zeeman Adam N. , Smallegange Isabel M. , Steel Emily Burdfield , Groot Astrid T. , Stewart Kathryn A. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundUnder strong sexual selection, certain species evolve distinct intrasexual, alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs). In many cases, ARTs can be viewed as environmentally-cued threshold traits, such that ARTs coexist if their relative fitness alternates over the environmental cue gradient. Surprisingly, the chemical ecology of ARTs has been underexplored in this context. To our knowledge, no prior study has directly quantified pheromone production for ARTs in a male-polymorphic species. Here, we used the bulb mite—in which males are either armed fighters that kill conspecifics, or unarmed scramblers—as a model system to gain insight into the role of pheromones in the evolutionary maintenance of ARTs. Given that scramblers forgo investment into weaponry, we tested whether scramblers produce higher pheromone quantities than fighters, which would improve the fitness of the scrambler phenotype, e.g. through female mimicry to avoid aggression from competitors. To this end, we sampled mites from a rich and a poor nutritional environment and quantified their production of the female sex pheromone α-acaridial through gas chromatography analysis. ResultsWe found a positive relationship between pheromone production and body size, but males exhibited a steeper slope in pheromone production with increasing size than females. Females exhibited a higher average pheromone production than males. We found no significant difference in slope of pheromone production over body size between fighters and scramblers. However, scramblers reached larger body sizes and higher pheromone production than fighters, providing some evidence for a potential female mimic strategy adopted by large scramblers. Pheromone production was significantly higher in mites from the rich nutritional environment than the poor environment. ConclusionFurther elucidation of pheromone functionality in bulb mites, and additional inter- and intrasexual comparisons of pheromone profiles are needed to determine if the observed intersexual and intrasexual differences in pheromone production are adaptive, if they are a by-product of allometric scaling, or diet-mediated pheromone production under weak selection. We argue chemical ecology offers a novel perspective for research on ARTs and other complex life-history traits.
Determinants of Adverse Drug Reactions Due to Tuberculosis Therapy in African Countries: a Systematic Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Irá Tasmiya Raúfo , Tovela Neusa Torres , Varela Elisa López , Laljeeth Pravina Devi , Beharilal Richard , Ojewole Elizabeth Bolanle 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) remain a significant public health concern worldwide mainly in developing countries. Adverse drug reactions due to multi-drugs regimen for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) have negative implications such as toxicity, leading to poor compliance and interruption of medication before completion. Understanding the profile of ADRs is critical to establishing specific strategies for early detection, prevention and clinical management. The present study aims to map the existing literature on the determinants of adverse drug reactions due tuberculosis therapy in African countries. Methods and analysis: The scoping review will be guided by Arksey and O’Malley framework as well as recommendations by Levac et al., and Colquhoun et al. The search strategy will include searching electronic databases such as Cochrane library, PubMed, EBSCOhost (including Medline), ProQuest, Google scholar; CINAHL with Full Text and other sources such as World Health Organization (WHO) and governmental websites. Peer-reviewed literature and grey literature of primary and secondary studies with different study designs which addresses the main question will be included. Studies published within the period of 2000 to 2020 are eligible. The selection process will involve screening titles, abstracts, full texts. A standardized data charting form will be created in google forms to extract relevant information from the included studies. The NVIVO software version 12 will be used for thematic analysis of the studies to summarize the review findings. The quality of the included studies will be assessed using Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT) version 2018 and Authority Accuracy Coverage Objectivity Date Significance (AACODS) checklist (for grey literatures).Discussion: The study anticipates finding and mapping relevant research studies in African context on determinants of adverse drug reactions due to tuberculosis therapy. The synthesis of this evidence base will help to identify research gaps and will serve as guidance for future research studies on strengthening of the pharmacovigilance system of ADRs and its clinical management in Africa. The study findings will be disseminated through the traditional academic platforms, such as peer-reviewed publications and presentations at relevant local and international conferences, symposiums, and seminars.Systematic review registration: Prospero Registration Number: CRD42020203617.
Mechanical Investigation of Epoxy Based High-Strength Carbon Fiber Braided Composites Modified with Silane Coupling Agents
Authors: ERYILMAZ OĞUZ , SANCAK Erhan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Braiding technique is one of the most cost-effective and versatile methods to manufacture braided preforms for producing textile reinforced composites which have been utilized in a number of applications such as aerospace and automotive sectors. Carbon fiber is one of the most common reinforcing fibers having high strength and modulus used in high-performance composites. In this study, epoxy resin was modified with 3 – aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and 3 – aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane (APMDMS) in order to enhance interfacial adhesion between matrix and carbon fiber. Composites were produced by vacuum-assisted resin infusion method (VARIM) using braided carbon fabrics and epoxy resin which was treated with silane at different concentrations (from 0.0% to 1.0%). Braided fabrics were manufactured from a high-strength standard modulus type of carbon fiber and using a radial braiding machine. According to the mechanical results, the ideal (optimum) concentration of APTES and APMDMS for the matrix modification has been around 0.5 wt% of the epoxy system. Also, the mechanical properties of APTES-treated epoxy composites are slightly higher than those of APMDMS-treated epoxy composites at the same concentration. When it is compared to silane untreated composite, 0.5 wt% of APTES/APMDMS silane treated epoxy/carbon braided composites have led to an increase of 7.71/6.16 and 7.65/6.05 % in tensile and flexural strength while the corresponding increase has resulted in 17.48/13.51 and 16.63/13.33 % in terms of tensile and flexural modulus, respectively. Impact testing results indicate that 0.5 wt% of APTES and APMDMS composites are improved 6.87 and 4.31 % compared to untreated composites, respectively.
Optimization of the separation paraments in inclined channels of liquid-solid fluidized bed
Authors: zhao yanfeng , Li Yanfeng , Chen Peng , Ma Mengqi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A new theoretical formula can be used to calculate superficial velocity for particle separation with a critical condition, and it is based on the size, density, terminal velocity, Reynold number of the particle and equipment parameters. In a continuous system, a series of fractionation experiments were conducted to quantify the separation performance for 0–2 mm coal particles under various factors, including channel spacing, solids throughput and split fluidization rate. The separation performance considers the ash content and yield of products varying with the particle size. A great fluidization environment can be created by the 6 mm channel spacing. For the solids throughput of 10.20 t/(m2h) provides a well effective separation in the narrow channels. In addition, the split fluidization of 0.0058 m/s can produce a higher shear induce force in the inclined channels to prevent the low-density particles from being lost in the underflow. The theoretical superficial velocity calculated by the new formula is 0.042 m/s, which can report the particles with the upper and lower size reach at 9-fold to the overflow, it is almost the same as the actual separation fluidization velocity of 0.04 m/s. Meanwhile, the data obtained under each separation condition is basically consistent with data of the sink-float mothed, which shows a good separation performance for the Reflux Classifier.
Dry beneficiation of +0.5mm-5.6mm South African coal using an air dense medium fluidization bed
Authors: Diedericks Elmarie Sunette , Roux Marco Le , Campbell Quentin Peter 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The separation performance of solid phase bed material, at various particle size ranges, in an air dense medium fluidized bed (ADMFB), were evaluated during this study. The coal particles were separated into +0.5mm-1mm, +1mm-2mm, +2mm-2.8mm, +2.8mm-4mm, +4mm-4.75mm and +4.75mm-5.6mm particle size ranges and fed to the fluidized bed in these fractions. Along with the six coal particle size ranges, three dense media to coal ratios and the addition of vibration was tested to identify the best operating conditions. Adequate results were obtained for larger particle size ranges down to and including +2.0mm-2.8mm coal particles, after which the separation performance decreased significantly. Density stratification was irregular and not obvious for coal particles below 2.0mm and maintaining a consistent fluidization state also proved to be challenging, especially when dense medium was added. The coal particles separated vertically along the bed height because of differences in particle and bed density, while particle size proved to have a notable influence on the degree of separation. An air fluidization velocity of between 1.1 to 1.4Umf was shown as the best performing velocity, which yielded the maximum ash differential between the top and bottom layers of the bed for all the particle size ranges tested. For +2.0mm-5.6mm coal particles, low cumulative ash yields were obtained at high mass yields, however the ash yields increased for -2mm coal. Vibration and dense medium have, in some cases, enhanced the separation efficiency of the ADMFB. The -2.0mm particles experienced stronger particle-particle interactions as well as elevated levels of bubbling and back mixing than that of the +2.0mm particles, which explains the poor performance of the small particle sizes.
The New Microwave Ablation Catheter for Varicose Veins: An in Ex Vivo Pilot Study
Authors: Li Younan , Wu Weiwei , Liu Xiaozheng , Pang Maoying , Wang Guangyu , Li Jing , Ma Rong 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: To improve the current microwave ablation catheter from causing injury by the over-temperature of catheter during the therapy. A new microwave ablation catheter with water-cooling circulation system and temperature-monitoring system was designed. Its effectiveness was verified in an ex vivo study. Materials and Methods: According to the theory that the heat can be transferred by convection between different mediums to balance the temperature. Designing water-cooling circulation system and temperature-monitoring system based on the microwave ablation catheter. Comparing the temperature of the catheters with or without water-cooling circulation system and comparing the range of ablation tissues by testing on the pork to verify its effectiveness. Results: The temperature of the MWAC without water-cooling circulation system would increase as using times increased. It would be over 45℃ after using the instrument for 3 times continuously, and the range of ablation tissues extends with injury. The temperature of the microwave ablation catheter with water-cooling circulation system would not be over 45℃ after using it for 50 times continuously, and it would not cause injury. Conclusion: The new microwave ablation catheter with water-cooling circulation system and temperature-monitoring system can constantly monitor the temperature and lower the temperature while using the instrument to prevent the patients’ native issue and medical staffs from burning, it can control the ablation range more efficiently and safer.
Does migrant workers develop higher health risk behaviors from less social support and higher work stress than their college in originate country? - Relationship between work stress, social support and health risk behaviors among Thai workers in Thailand and Taiwan
Authors: Tsai Feng-Jen , Lin Chia-Ping , Tipayamongkholgul Mathuros 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background

The study aims at comparing social support, work stress and health risk behaviors (HRBs) between Thai workers in Thailand and Taiwan, and to determine the associations between factors among migrant workers.
Methods

Cross-sectional study was conducted by self-reported survey among Thai workers in Thailand and Taiwan in manufacturing industry between October 2019 and October 2020. Interpersonal Support Evaluation List-12, Job Content Questionnaire and questions regarding smoking and drinking behaviors were used to collect workers’ ISS, work stress and HRBs. There were 223 participants in Thailand and 86 participants in Taiwan included in final analysis. Chi-square test, t-test and logistic regression were applied for analysis.
Results

Thai migrant workers in Taiwan had significantly lower social support and higher psychological stress in work than workers in Thailand. However, workers in Thailand had higher percentage of smokers while there were more drinkers with high drinking frequency among migrant workers in Taiwan. Participants’ educational level and working country were the significant factors predicting their smoking and drinking behaviors while the association among ISS, work stress and HRBs were not found. Workers with lower educational level had significantly higher risk of being smokers. In addition, migrant workers in Taiwan had significantly higher likelihood of having risky drinking behaviors than their colleges in Thailand (OR = 2.02 and 2.21).
Conclusions

Though migrant workers had poor social support and high stress at work compared with their college in originate country, these factors did not lead them directly to develop smoking and drinking behaviors.
Flaxseed-Derived Peptide, IPPF, Inhibits Intestinal Cholesterol Absorption and Hepatic Cholesterol Synthesis in Caco-2 and HepG2 Cells
Authors: Bao Xiaolan , xingyu yuan , Li Xuexin , Liu Xiaojing 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background：Flaxseed peptide (FPs) showed serum cholesterol-lowering activity in SD rats fed a high-cholesterol diet, but the cholesterol-lowering amino acid sequences and mechanism of FPs were still unclear. Methods: FPs were separated via ultrafiltration, and the amino acid sequences of the selected fractions were determined via high-performance liquid chromatography- Electrospray Ionisation - Orbitrap- Mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-Orbitrap MS). These peptides then were synthesized by solid-phase synthesis (SPPS). IPPF with the highest CMSR was determined to exist in flaxseed protein by specific antibodies. The effects of IPPF on intestinal cholesterol absorption and hepatic cholesterol metabolism were investigated in Caco-2 cells and HepG2 cells.Results：1 kDa FP5 fraction had the highest cholesterol micelle solubility inhibition rate (CMSR) 72.39% compared with the other ultrafiltration fractions. Then Eleven peptides were identified from FP5. Ile-Pro-Pro-Phe (IPPF), with the highest CMSR 93.47%, was selected to research the cholesterol-lowering mechanism in Caco-2 and HepG2 cells. IPPF significantly reduces the amount of cholesterol transported in Caco2 cells and the amount of total cholesterol in HepG2 cells. IPPF significantly modulated the protein levels of NCP1L1 and ABCG5/8 in Caco2 cells and significantly reduced the mRNA levels of Srebp-2 and Hmgcr in HepG2 cells. Conclusion: IPPF inhibits cholesterol intestinal absorption through modulating the expression of cholesterol transporters in Caco-2 cells and reduces hepatic cholesterol synthesis through inhibiting the SREBP2-regulated mevalonate (HMGCR) pathway in HepG2 cells. IPPF is a new food-derived inhibitor of intestinal cholesterol absorption and hepatic cholesterol synthesis without side effects and provides a nutritional therapy component for hypercholesterolemia.