bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the incidence and influencing factors of postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic bariatric surgery: a protocol for a retrospective observational study
Authors: Tan Juan , Liu Haibei , Tan Lin , Fu Qiang 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe global prevalence of obesity and its associated comorbidities is rising, with bariatric surgery emerging as a highly efficacious intervention for obese patients. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication following bariatric surgery, with a standardised protocol for its prevention and management yet to be established. This study aims to determine the incidence and the influencing factors of PONV following various types of bariatric surgeries, thereby facilitating the targeted prevention strategies.Methods and analysisThis retrospective, single-centre observational study will be conducted at the Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, with an expected enrolment of 2500 patients who have undergone laparoscopic bariatric surgery from December 2019 to April 2024. The study aims to collect data regarding the incidence of PONV and analyse the potential risk and protective factors associated with its development in this patient population.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the ethics committees of the Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu. Given the retrospective nature of the study, informed consent was waived by the ethics committee, and all patient data were anonymised to safeguard privacy prior to the study authors’ visit. The results of this study will be presented at various academic and healthcare conferences, spanning local to international levels and will also be submitted for publication in reputable, peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberThis study has been registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR) under registration number ChiCTR2400088738.
Association between chronic respiratory diseases and frailty in Chinese elderly: a population-based longitudinal study
Authors: Guo Dan , Huang Ke , Guan Xiaolong , Ding Ruoxi , Zhu Dawei , Zhao Yanan , Yang Ting , He Ping 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundChronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) have been shown to be associated with frailty, but these findings have not yet reached a consensus. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between CRDs and frailty in the elderly using a nationally representative data from China.MethodsData from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were analysed, including 3309 frailty-free participants followed for three waves from 2011. Frailty was assessed using the physical frailty phenotype scale, and CRDs were conformed by self-reported physician diagnoses. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between baseline CRDs and subsequent frailty.ResultsAmong participants (mean age 67.07 years, 51.53% male), 497 (15.02%) had CRDs. During a mean follow-up of 46 months, 273 (8.25%) participants developed frailty. The incidence rate of frailty was significantly higher in the CRDs group (37.17% per 1000 person-years vs 18.41% per 1000 person-years, p<0.01). Adjusted for covariables, participants with CRDs had a 44% higher risk of developing frailty (HR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.08 to 1.91). Specifically, asthma only (HR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.07 to 3.33) and asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap (ACO) (HR=1.79, 95% CI: 1.19 to 2.69) were associated with a higher risk of frailty among the elderly, while COPD only was not (HR=1.11, 95% CI: 0.73 to 1.65).ConclusionThis study shows a significant association between CRDs, particularly asthma only and ACO, and frailty in the elderly. We need to pay attention to the frailty status of CRDs patients and consider routine screening among them in both clinical practice and community settings. Active treatment and control of CRDs are necessary to avoid frailty caused by primary lung disease progression or exacerbation.
Construction of exosome non-coding RNA feature for non-invasive, early detection of gastric cancer patients by machine learning: a multi-cohort study
Authors: Cai Ze-Rong , Zheng Yong-Qiang , Hu Yan , Ma Meng-Yao , Wu Yi-Jin , Liu Jia , Yang Lu-Ping , Zheng Jia-Bo , Tian Tian , Hu Pei-Shan , Liu Ze-Xian , Zhang Lin , Xu Rui-Hua , Ju Huai-Qiang 
Published: January 2025

Background and objectiveGastric cancer (GC) remains a prevalent and preventable disease, yet accurate early diagnostic methods are lacking. Exosome non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), a type of liquid biopsy, have emerged as promising diagnostic biomarkers for various tumours. This study aimed to identify a serum exosome ncRNA feature for enhancing GC diagnosis.DesignsSerum exosomes from patients with GC (n=37) and healthy donors (n=20) were characterised using RNA sequencing, and potential biomarkers for GC were validated through quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) in both serum exosomes and tissues. A combined diagnostic model was developed using LASSO-logistic regression based on a cohort of 518 GC patients and 460 healthy donors, and its diagnostic performance was evaluated via receiver operating characteristic curves.ResultsRNA sequencing identified 182 candidate biomarkers for GC, of which 31 were validated as potential biomarkers by qRT-PCR. The combined diagnostic score (cd-score), derived from the expression levels of four long ncRNAs (RP11.443C10.1, CTD-2339L15.3, LINC00567 and DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene (DGCR9)), was found to surpass commonly used biomarkers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and CA72-4, in distinguishing GC patients from healthy donors across training, testing and external validation cohorts, with AUC values of 0.959, 0.942 and 0.949, respectively. Additionally, the cd-score could effectively identify GC patients with negative gastrointestinal tumour biomarkers and those in early-stage. Furthermore, molecular biological assays revealed that knockdown of DGCR9 inhibited GC tumour growth.ConclusionsOur proposed serum exosome ncRNA feature provides a promising liquid biopsy approach for enhancing the early diagnosis of GC.
Efficacy and safety of jaktinib hydrochloride tablets in active axial spondyloarthritis: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II clinical trial
Authors: Wang Juan , Bao Chunde , Dai Qing , Xu Antao , Ye Yan 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of jaktinib hydrochloride tablets (jaktinib), a Janus kinase inhibitor, in patients with active radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA).MethodsAdults with active r-axSpA who met modified New York criteria and had an inadequate response to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were randomised 1:1:1 to receive jaktinib 75 mg two times per day, 100 mg two times per day, or placebo. The primary and key secondary endpoints were Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society 20 (ASAS 20) and ASAS 40 responses, respectively, at week 16. Safety was evaluated by analysing adverse events.ResultsA total of 107 patients with active r-axSpA were randomised (jaktinib 75 mg two times per day, n=35; jaktinib 100 mg two times per day, n=36; placebo, n=36). In the ASAS20 response rates, the 100 mg two times per day group had the highest response at 61.1%, followed by the 75 mg two times per day group at 57.1%, and the placebo group had the lowest at 33.3% for the 16 weeks of treatment. The ASAS40 response rates were significantly higher with jaktinib (100 mg two times per day group: 47.2%, 75 mg two times per day group: 37.1%) compared with placebo (13.9%). The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events in the 75 mg two times per day, 100 mg two times per day and placebo groups was 88.6% versus 94.4% versus 86.1%, respectively, with no statistically significant difference among the three groups. No major adverse cardiovascular events, malignancy, thromboembolism or deaths were reported.ConclusionsJaktinib showed good efficacy and tolerability in the treatment of active r-axSpA, with the 100 mg two times per day showing a trend towards better efficacy.Trial registration numberNCT04507659.
Anatomy of vector-like top-quark models in the alignment limit of the 2-Higgs Doublet Model Type-II
Authors: Arhrib A. , Benbrik R. , Boukidi M. , Manaut B. , Moretti S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA comprehensive extension of the ordinary 2-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM), supplemented by vector-like quarks (VLQs), in the “alignment limit” is presented. In such a scenario, we study the possibility that large hadron collider (LHC) searches for VLQs can profile their nature too, i.e., whether they belong to a singlet, doublet, or triplet representation. To achieve this, we exploit both standard model (SM) decays of VLQs with top-(anti)quark electromagnetic (EM) charge (T), i.e., into b, t quarks and $$W^\pm , Z,h$$

W
±

,
Z
,
h

bosons (which turn out to be suppressed and hence T states can escape existing limits) as well as their exotic decays, i.e., into b, t (and possibly B) quarks and $$H^\pm , H, A$$

H
±

,
H
,
A

bosons. We show that quite specific decay patterns emerge in the different VLQ representations so that, depending upon which T signals are accessed at the LHC, one may be able to ascertain the underlying beyond standard model (BSM) structure, especially if mass knowledge of the new fermionic and bosonic sectors can be inferred from (other) data.
OPTIMIZATION OF CUTTING PARAMETERS FOR FINISH HARD TURNING OF INCONEL 718 USING TiAlN/TiCN-COATED CERMET CNC CUTTING TOOL: A TAGUCHI–RSM ORTHOGONAL ARRAY APPROACH
Authors: VENKATESH R. , ANBUMALAR V. , RAJAKARUNAKARAN S. 
Published: January 2025

This research aims to examine flank wear and material removal rates (MRRs) while finish hard turning work material of Inconel 718 with physical vapor deposition involving the process of cathodic arc evaporation TiAlN/TiCN-coated cermet CNC cutting tool insert. The L[Formula: see text]Taguchi orthogonal design array is used for designing the experiments. The aim of this research is to optimize the process key parameters, such as cutting speed, rate of feed, depth of cut, and tool tip radius, in order to reduce flank wear and significantly improve MRR during the dry turning processes. This study examines the critical conditions of cutting parameters that were investigated by using analysis of variance (ANOVA), while the parameters which affect the flank wear and MRRs were optimized using response surface methodology according to the Design of the Taguchi orthogonal test. Mathematical models for both response parameters were derived using regression analysis, namely flank wear and MRR. The generated models achieved an accuracy of roughly 92% and 93% for estimating the flank wear and MRR values, respectively. The study revealed that cutting speed accounted for 34.28% of the most effective parameters in reducing flank wear, subsequently, the depth of cut reached 17.71%. In terms of MRR, the depth of cut accounted for 68.43% of the effectiveness, with a cutting speed of 12.94%. The optimal values for cutting speed, feed, cut depth and tool tip radius, in order to minimize wear, were determined to be 700[Formula: see text]m/min, 0.15[Formula: see text]mm/rev, 1.0[Formula: see text]mm, and 0.4[Formula: see text]mm, respectively. The optimal values for achieving the maximum MRR are 800[Formula: see text]m/min for cutting speed, 0.15[Formula: see text]m/min for rate feed, 2[Formula: see text]mm for cut depth, and 1.2[Formula: see text]mm for tool tip radius. Regression theory is used to construct correlation models, which have been shown to be statistically significant at the 0.05 level. An experimental approach is studied to investigate the coating defects and flaws of worn TiAlN/TiCN-coated cermet inserts using atomic force microscopy (AFM), optical and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Lastly, the creation of chips under optimal conditions has been shown.
Integrative Analysis of PPAR and Immune Pathways in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Constructing a Prognostic Risk Model Using TCGA Data
Authors: Li Jiao , Chen Yang , Cao Lei 
Published: January 2025

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer‐related mortality worldwide, with its pathogenesis intricately linked to metabolic and immune dysregulation. This study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underpinning HCC by analyzing metabolic and immune‐related pathways and constructing a prognostic risk model.Methods: We utilized data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to analyze genomic and clinical characteristics of HCC. Techniques such as single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), and gene set variation analysis (GSVA) were employed to explore the interplay between metabolic pathways, immune responses, and HCC progression. In addition, a prognostic risk model was developed using univariate Cox regression and LASSO regression analysis based on PPAR signaling and immune‐related genes.Results: Our ssGSEA results indicated a significant involvement of metabolism‐related pathways in HCC. The WGCNA identified key immune‐related genes, with particular modules correlating with macrophage activity. The prognostic model, comprising five key genes, effectively stratified patients into low‐ and high‐risk groups, with implications for overall survival (OS). Further analyses revealed the model’s correlation with clinical characteristics and immune‐related indexes, suggesting its utility in predicting HCC progression.Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive molecular portrait of HCC, emphasizing the role of metabolic reprogramming and immune responses. The prognostic model offers potential for personalized therapeutic strategies and improved clinical outcomes. Future research should focus on validating these findings and exploring the therapeutic potential of targeting metabolic and immune pathways in HCC.
Long‐Term Results of Minimally Invasive Mitral Valvuloplasty: Insights From a 12‐Year Single‐Center Experience
Authors: Aichi Chiaki , Tamaki Mototsugu , Imamura Yusuke , Fukumoto Yuichiro , Kitamura Hideki 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The safety and long‐term durability of minimally invasive mitral valvuloplasty (MIMVP) remain controversial. This study aimed to compare the perioperative and long‐term outcomes of minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) and conventional sternotomy.Methods: This study included 476 patients who underwent mitral valve surgeries at our institution between January 2011 and December 2023. Patients were classified according to whether they underwent sternotomy: the nonsternotomy (NS: 271 cases) and sternotomy (S: 205 cases) groups. Perioperative and long‐term outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results: The NS group had a lower preoperative age and EuroScore II. In the S group, the left ventricular ejection fraction was lower, while the left ventricular end‐systolic diameter and left atrial diameter were larger. Operative time, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and aortic cross‐clamp time were longer in the NS group. Postoperative atrial fibrillation, more transfusion, and increased length of hospital stay were more frequent in the S group. The 10‐year freedom from reoperation and 10‐year survival rates in the NS and S groups were 98.1% vs. 93.6% (p = 0.07) and 94.8% vs. 86.9%, respectively (p = 0.08), with no significant differences.Conclusion: MIMVP demonstrates noninferior perioperative and long‐term outcomes compared with conventional sternotomy.
Occupational Diseases, Job Satisfaction, and Turnover Intentions Among Head Nurses in China: A Nationwide Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Zhang Wenyu , Ma Xianzong , Xiao Qian , Ji Meihua 
Published: January 2025

Objective: To systematically investigate the prevalence of occupational diseases among head nurses in China, assess their job satisfaction and turnover intentions, and identify associated factors influencing these issues.Methods: This nationwide cross‐sectional survey was conducted between July 2016 and July 2017, involving 6672 head nurses selected from 1858 hospitals across 30 provinces. A self‐administered questionnaire collected data on demographic characteristics, occupational disease status, job satisfaction, and turnover intentions. Statistical analyses, including multivariate binary logistic regression, were performed to identify factors influencing occupational disease and turnover intentions.Results: The majority of participants were female (98.53%) and over 41 years old (78.22%). The prevalence of occupational diseases was significant, with insomnia reported in 66.80%, musculoskeletal disorders in 47.62%, and gastrointestinal issues in 49.36%. A staggering 59.83% indicated intentions to leave their positions, primarily due to high job demands, poor nurse‐patient relationships, and dissatisfaction with income relative to work intensity. Multivariate analysis revealed that factors such as gender, age, educational level, and working experience significantly influenced occupational diseases, and factors such as age, monthly income, occupational diseases, and work intensity significantly influenced turnover intentions.Conclusions: The findings highlighted a critical need to address the occupational health and working conditions of head nurses in China. Given the high prevalence of occupational diseases and turnover intentions, effective interventions aimed at improving job satisfaction and reducing occupational stress were essential to enhance the stability and quality of nursing care. Further qualitative investigations were recommended to gain deeper insights into these issues.
Effectiveness of Two Hospitalization Alternatives Compared to Psychiatric Admission: An Ecological Longitudinal Study
Authors: Yonatan-Leus Refael , Friedlander Avraham , Sinai Dana , Weiser Mark , Lichtenberg Pesach , Caspi Asaf , Domany Yoav , Bitan Dana Tzur 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Although community mental healthcare has been rapidly developing, hospital‐based psychiatric admissions are still highly prevalent worldwide.Aims: In this study, we aimed to assess the long‐term effectiveness of two novel alternatives to psychiatric admission: Soteria homes and technologically assisted intensive home treatment (TAIHT) compared to hospital admission.Method: A three‐center, open‐label, longitudinal ecological study was employed in the Sheba psychiatric wards, the Sheba TAIHT, and Soteria houses. Patients (N = 214) were measured for distress, anxiety, depression, quality of life, level of functioning, and psychotic symptoms at admission, discharge, and 3‐ and 6‐month postdischarge. A multilevel modeling (MLM) approach was utilized to assess differences in changes from pre‐ to posttreatment. Outcome measures included symptom distress (Outcome Questionnaire‐45 (OQ‐45)), anxiety and depression symptoms (Hopkins Symptoms Checklist‐11 (HSCL‐11)), psychotic symptoms (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale‐6 (PANSS‐6)), quality of life (Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life (MANSA)), and functioning (Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF)).Results: Patients in the psychiatric ward demonstrated significantly greater reductions of distress compared to those treated with TAIHT (b = −5.18, p = 0.042) but showed similar levels to Soteria. Soteria exhibited significantly greater improvement of psychotic symptoms compared to TAIHT (b = −2.057, p = 0.0076) but not compared to the psychiatric ward. The psychiatric ward (b = 3.49, p = 0.0068) and Soteria (b = 5.35, p < 0.0001) both demonstrated significantly greater improvements in functioning compared to TAIHT, with no significant differences between them.Conclusion: The findings underscore the effectiveness of psychiatric hospitalization alternatives yet call for the need to investigate further the effectiveness of technologically guided approaches to psychiatric hospitalization.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05431231
Coevolution of Atypical BRAF and KRAS Mutations in Colorectal Tumorigenesis
Authors: Woolley Connor E. , Domingo Enric , Fernandez-Tajes Juan , Pennel Kathryn A.F. , Roxburgh Patricia , Edwards Joanne , Richman Susan D. , Maughan Tim S. , Kerr David J. , Soriano Ignacio , Tomlinson Ian P.M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
BRAF mutations in colorectal cancer comprise three functional classes: class 1 (V600E) with strong constitutive activation, class 2 with pathogenic kinase activity lower than that of class 1, and class 3 which paradoxically lacks kinase activity. Non–class 1 mutations associate with better prognosis, microsatellite stability, distal tumor location, and better anti-EGFR response. An analysis of 13 colorectal cancer cohorts (n = 6,605 tumors) compared class 1 (n = 709, 10.7% of colorectal cancers), class 2 (n = 31, 0.47%), and class 3 (n = 81, 1.22%) mutations. Class 2–mutant and class 3–mutant colorectal cancers frequently co-occurred with additional Ras pathway mutations (29.0% and 45.7%, respectively, vs. 2.40% in class 1; P &lt; 0.001), often at atypical sites (KRAS noncodon 12/13/61, NRAS, or NF1). Ras pathway activation was highest in class 1 and lowest in class 3, with a greater distal expression of EGFR ligands (amphiregulin/epiregulin) supporting weaker BRAF driver mutations. Unlike class 1 mutants, class 3 tumors resembled chromosomally unstable colorectal cancers in mutation burdens, signatures, driver mutations, and transcriptional subtypes, whereas class 2 mutants displayed intermediate characteristics. Atypical BRAF mutations were associated with longer overall survival than class 1 mutations (HR = 0.25; P = 0.011) but lost this advantage in cancers with additional Ras mutations (HR = 0.94; P = 0.86). This study supports the suggestion that class 3 BRAF mutations amplify existing Ras signaling in a two-mutation model and that the enhancement of weak/atypical Ras mutations may suffice for tumorigenesis, with potentially clinically important heterogeneity in the class 2/3 subgroup.
Implications: The heterogeneous nature of BRAF-mutant colorectal cancers, particularly among class 2/3 mutations which frequently harbor additional Ras mutations, highlights the necessity of comprehensive molecular profiling.