bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and long-term outcome of lung lobe torsions in cats: a review of 10 cases (2000–2021)
Authors: Tindale Catherine , Cinti Filippo , Cantatore Matteo , Freeman Alistair , Cavaliere Leonardo , Vallefuoco Rosario , Rossanese Matteo 
Published: November 2021

Case series summary Lung lobe torsion is rare in cats. The aim of this multi-institution retrospective study was to describe clinical and diagnostic findings, treatments and outcomes of lung lobe torsion (LLT) in 10 cats. Dyspnoea and tachypnoea were the most common clinical signs. Pleural effusion was present in nine cats at presentation. Fluid analysis confirmed chylothorax in three cats. Nine cats underwent CT and five cats had thoracic radiographs taken. A diagnosis was made preoperatively in six cats, while in the other four cats it was made at exploratory thoracotomy. Affected lung lobes were the right cranial (n = 4/11), left cranial (n = 4/11) and right middle (n = 3/11). One cat had a concurrent torsion of two lung lobes. Lung lobectomy was successfully performed in all cases. Based on clinical, diagnostic and lung histopathology findings, three cats had idiopathic and seven cats secondary LLT. Intraoperative complications included hypotension and hypothermia in four and five cats, respectively. Postoperative complications occurred in six cats and lead to euthanasia or death in four cats, whereas complications resolved in the other two cats. Three cats were euthanased within 5 weeks of discharge. For the three cats surviving long term, including one euthanased at 252 days postoperatively, owner-described outcomes and quality of life were considered good to excellent. Relevance and novel information Secondary LLT associated with underlying thoracic pathology was associated with high complication rates and poor outcomes. Long-term outcomes of cats undergoing surgery for LLT and surviving the perioperative period were deemed good to excellent.
Lexical preference in second dialect acquisition in a second language
Authors: Gnevsheva Ksenia , Szakay Anita , Jansen Sandra 
Published: November 2021

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: How does second dialect acquisition in a second language compare to that in a first language in terms of rates and predictors of second dialect vocabulary use? Design/methodology/approach: A lexical preference task was completed by four groups of participants residing in Australia: first language speakers of Australian (L1D1) and American (L1D2) English, and first language speakers of Russian who acquired Australian (L2D1) and American (L2D2) English first. The participants named objects which are denoted by different words in American and Australian English (e.g. bell pepper vs capsicum). Data and analysis: The response was coded as either American or Australian, and percentage of use of Australian items was calculated for each group. Findings/conclusions: L1D1 used Australian words the most and L1D2 the least. L2D1 and L2D2 fell between the two L1 groups. L1D2 rate of use was predicted by proportion of life spent in Australia. L2D1 were more likely to choose Australian words if they had lived in Australia longer and had positive attitudes toward Australia. L2D2 were less likely to use Australian words the longer they had lived in the USA. Similar, but not identical, factors predict second dialect acquisition in the first and second languages. Originality: The research is innovative in considering second dialect acquisition in second language speakers and creates a bridge between second language and second dialect acquisition research. Significance/implications: The finding that second language speakers may be more flexible in second dialect acquisition than first language speakers has important implications for our understanding of cognitive and social constraints on acquisition.
Apolipoprotein D as a Potential Biomarker and Construction of a Transcriptional Regulatory-Immune Network Associated with Osteoarthritis by Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis
Authors: Qin Yong , Li Jia , Zhou Yonggang , Yin Chengliang , Li Yi , Chen Ming , Du Yinqiao , Li Tiejian , Yan Jinglong 
Published: November 2021

Objective Synovial inflammation influences the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Herein, we aimed to identify potential biomarkers and analyze transcriptional regulatory-immune mechanism of synovitis in OA using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Design A data set of OA synovium samples (GSE55235) was analyzed based on WGCNA. The most significant module with OA was identified and function annotation of the module was performed, following which the hub genes of the module were identified using Pearson correlation and a protein-protein interaction network was constructed. A transcriptional regulatory network of hub genes was constructed using the TRRUST database. The immune cell infiltration of OA samples was evaluated using the single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) method. The hub genes coexpressed in multiple tissues were then screened out using data sets of synovium, cartilage, chondrocyte, subchondral bone, and synovial fluid samples. Finally, transcriptional factors and coexpressed hub genes were validated via experiments. Results The turquoise module of GSE55235 was identified via WGCNA. Functional annotation analysis showed that “mineral absorption” and “FoxO signaling pathway” were mostly enriched in the module. JUN, EGR1, FOSB, and KLF4 acted as central nodes in protein-protein interaction network and transcription factors to connect several target genes. “Activated B cell,” “activated CD4T cell,” “eosinophil,” “neutrophil,” and “type 17 T helper cell” showed high immune infiltration, while FOSB, KLF6, and MYBL2 showed significant negative correlation with type 17 T helper cell. Conclusions Our results suggest that the expression level of apolipoprotein D (APOD) was correlated with OA. Furthermore, transcriptional regulatory-immune network was constructed, which may contribute to OA therapy.
Perceived Human Resource Management Practices and Demographic Profile of Staff at Private Higher Education Institutions in Oman
Authors: Vicencio Jerome Reyes 
Published: November 2021

This study described the perceived implementation of human resource management (HRM) practices and staff’s demographic profile at private higher education institutions (HEIs) in the Sultanate of Oman. It further explored the relationship of staff profile and HRM dimensions. Purposive sampling was used with a 50 per cent response rate. The instrument is composed of two parts; the first part includes staff profile while second part consists of 10 HRM dimensions clustered in 36 HRM practices. The findings revealed that all HRM dimensions were often applied and more than half of the respondents were academic staff, expatriates, male, and from affiliated, and college HEI. As to relationship, it was found that staff’s designation and residential status had high significant relationship in most of the HRM dimensions while staff’s HEI affiliation, classification and gender had high significant relationship with two HRM dimensions.
Fake Reviews in Online Platforms and the Effort to Fight Them
Authors: Aznar-Alarcón Juan Pedro , Anguera-Torrell Oriol 
Published: November 2021

This paper proposes a model in which oligopolistic firms selling through an online platform can invest in creating positive fake reviews to increase their reputation and negative ones to harm that of their competitors. Therefore, oligopolistic firms’ demand depends on the amount of positive and negative fake reviews. In this context, the online platform optimally chooses the effort to fight fake reviews and the fee it charges to online sellers for each transaction. The novelty of the model lies in incorporating the online platform’s role in fighting fake reviews and its interplay with sellers’ strategic behaviour. The model’s main result is that the platform’s effort has a positive impact not only on consumers’ surplus but also on the oligopolistic firms’ profitability. In its turn, the platform’s optimal effort depends on exogenous parameters, including the demand’s sensitivity to fake reviews. JEL Classifications: D21, D43, L13, L81
2021 Update on MRD in acute myeloid leukemia: a consensus document from the European LeukemiaNet MRD Working Party
Authors: Heuser Michael , Freeman Sylvie D. , Ossenkoppele Gert J. , Buccisano Francesco , Hourigan Christopher S. , Ngai Lok Lam , Tettero Jesse M. , Bachas Costa , Baer Constance , Béné Marie-Christine , Bücklein Veit , Czyz Anna , Denys Barbara , Dillon Richard , Feuring-Buske Michaela , Guzman Monica L. , Haferlach Torsten , Han Lina , Herzig Julia K. , Jorgensen Jeffrey L. , Kern Wolfgang , Konopleva Marina Y. , Lacombe Francis , Libura Marta , Majchrzak Agata , Maurillo Luca , Ofran Yishai , Philippe Jan , Plesa Adriana , Preudhomme Claude , Ravandi Farhad , Roumier Christophe , Subklewe Marion , Thol Felicitas , van de Loosdrecht Arjan A. , van der Reijden Bert A. , Venditti Adriano , Wierzbowska Agnieszka , Valk Peter J. M. , Wood Brent L. , Walter Roland B. , Thiede Christian , Döhner Konstanze , Roboz Gail J. , Cloos Jacqueline 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMeasurable residual disease (MRD) is an important biomarker in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that is used for prognostic, predictive, monitoring, and efficacy-response assessments. The European LeukemiaNet (ELN) MRD Working Party evaluated standardization and harmonization of MRD in an ongoing manner and has updated the 2018 ELN MRD recommendations based on significant developments in the field. New and revised recommendations were established during in-person and online meetings, and a 2-stage Delphi poll was conducted to optimize consensus. All recommendations are graded by levels of evidence and agreement. Major changes include technical specifications for next-generation sequencing-based MRD testing and integrative assessments of MRD irrespective of technology. Other topics include use of MRD as a prognostic and surrogate end point for drug testing; selection of the technique, material, and appropriate time points for MRD assessment; and clinical implications of MRD assessment. In addition to technical recommendations for flow- and molecular-MRD analysis, we provide MRD thresholds and define MRD response, and detail how MRD results should be reported and combined if several techniques are used. MRD assessment in AML is complex and clinically relevant, and standardized approaches to application, interpretation, technical conduct, and reporting are of critical importance.
ABCB6 polymorphisms are not overly represented in patients with porphyria
Authors: Farrell Colin P. , Nicolas Gäel , Desnick Robert J. , Parker Charles J. , Lamoril Jerome , Gouya Laurent , Karim Zoubida , Tchernitchko Dimitri , Chan Brenden , Puy Herve , Phillips John D. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Mendelian inheritance pattern of acute intermittent porphyria, hereditary coproporphyria, and variegate porphyria is autosomal dominant, but the clinical phenotype is heterogeneous. Within the general population, penetrance is low, but among first-degree relatives of a symptomatic proband, penetrance is higher. These observations suggest that genetic factors, in addition to mutation of the specific enzyme of the biosynthetic pathway of heme, contribute to the clinical phenotype. Recent studies by others suggested that the genotype of the transporter protein ABCB6 contribute to the porphyria phenotype. Identifying the molecule(s) that are transported by ABCB6 has been problematic and has led to uncertainty with respect to how or if variants/mutants contribute to phenotypic heterogeneity. Knockout mouse models of Abcb6 have not provided a direction for investigation as homozygous knockout animals do not have a discrete phenotype. To address the proposed link between ABC6 genotype and porphyria phenotype, a large cohort of patients with acute hepatic porphyria and erythropoietic protoporphyria was analyzed. Our studies showed that ABCB6 genotype did not correlate with disease severity. Therefore, genotyping of ABCB6 in patients with acute hepatic porphyria and erythropoietic protoporphyria is not warranted.
Genomic resources of broomcorn millet: demonstration and application of a high-throughput BAC mapping pipeline
Authors: Xu Wei , Liang Mengjie , Yang Xue , Wang Hao , Luo Meizhong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
With high-efficient water-use and drought tolerance, broomcorn millet has emerged as a candidate for food security. To promote its research process for molecular breeding and functional research, a comprehensive genome resource is of great importance.

Results
Herein, we constructed a BAC library for broomcorn millet, generated BAC end sequences based on the clone-array pooled shotgun sequencing strategy and Illumina sequencing technology, and integrated BAC clones into genome by a novel pipeline for BAC end profiling. The BAC library consisted of 76,023 clones with an average insert length of 123.48 Kb, covering about 9.9-fold of the 850 Mb genome. Of 9216 clones tested using our pipeline, 8262 clones were mapped on the broomcorn millet cultivar longmi4 genome. These mapped clones covered 308 of the 829 gaps left by the genome. To our knowledge, this is the only BAC resource for broomcorn millet.

Conclusions
We constructed a high-quality BAC libraray for broomcorn millet and designed a novel pipeline for BAC end profiling. BAC clones can be browsed and obtained from our website (http://eightstarsbio.com/gresource/JBrowse-1.16.5/index.html). The high-quality BAC clones mapped on genome in this study will provide a powerful genomic resource for genome gap filling, complex segment sequencing, FISH, functional research and genetic engineering of broomcorn millet.
Histology and transcriptomic analyses of barnacles with different base materials and habitats shed lights on the duplication and chemical diversification of barnacle cement proteins
Authors: Lin Hsiu-Chin , Wong Yue Him , Sung Chia-Hsuan , Chan Benny Kwok Kan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Barnacles are sessile crustaceans that attach to underwater surfaces using barnacle cement proteins. Barnacles have a calcareous or chitinous membranous base, and their substratum varies from biotic (e.g. corals/sponges) to abiotic surfaces. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the cement protein (CP) composition and chemical properties of different species vary according to the attachment substrate and/or the basal structure. We examined the histological structure of cement glands and explored the variations in cement protein homologs of 12 barnacle species with different attachment habitats and base materials.

Results
Cement gland cells in the rocky shore barnacles Tetraclita japonica formosana and Amphibalanus amphitrite are eosinophilic, while others are basophilic. Transcriptome analyses recovered CP homologs from all species except the scleractinian coral barnacle Galkinia sp. A phylogenomic analysis based on sequences of CP homologs did not reflect a clear phylogenetic pattern in attachment substrates. In some species, certain CPs have a remarkable number of paralogous sequences, suggesting that major duplication events occurred in CP genes. The examined CPs across taxa show consistent bias toward particular sets of amino acid. However, the predicted isoelectric point (pI) and hydropathy are highly divergent. In some species, conserved regions are highly repetitive.

Conclusions
Instead of developing specific cement proteins for different attachment substrata, barnacles attached to different substrata rely on a highly duplicated cementation genetic toolkit to generate paralogous CP sequences with diverse chemical and biochemical properties. This general CP cocktail might be the key genetic feature enabling barnacles to adapt to a wide variety of substrata.
Health-related consequences of the type and utilization rates of electronic devices by college students
Authors: Benden Mark , Mehta Ranjana , Pickens Adam , Harp Brett , Smith Matthew Lee , Towne Samuel D. , Peres S. Camille 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
College students are leading an evolution of device use both in the type of device and the frequency of use. They have transitioned from desktop stations to laptops, tablets, and especially smartphones and use them throughout the day and into the night.

Methods
Using a 35-min online survey, we sought to understand how technology daily usage patterns, device types, and postures affect pain and discomfort to understand how knowledge of that pain might help students avoid it. Data were analyzed from 515 students (69.5% male) who completed an internet-delivered survey (81.3% response rate).

Results
Participants ranked smartphones as their most frequently used technology (64.0%), followed by laptops and tablets (both 53.2%), and desktop computers (46.4%). Time spent using smartphones averaged over 4.4 h per day. When using their devices, students were more likely to adopt non-traditional workplace postures as they used these devices primarily on the couch or at a chair with no desk.

Conclusion
Recent trends in wireless academic access points along with the portability of small handheld devices, have made smartphones the most common link to educational materials despite having the least favorable control and display scenario from an ergonomic perspective. Further, the potential impact of transitions in work environments due to COVID-19 may further exacerbate ergonomic issues among millions highlighting the need for such work to be carried out.
Global disease burden of uncorrected refractive error among adolescents from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Yang Zhenlan , Jin Guangming , Li Zijing , Liao Yunru , Gao Xiang , Zhang Yichi , Lan Yuqing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
To estimate the global disease burden of uncorrected refractive error (URE) among adolescents and assess the contributions of various risk factors to disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to URE.

Methods
Global, regional and country-level DALY numbers and rates due to URE among adolescents were acquired from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 database. Human Development Index (HDI), Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) and other country-level data were obtained from other open databases as potential indicators. Regression analysis was used to evaluate associations between DALY rates among adolescents and potential predictors.

Results
Global DALYs due to URE among adolescents rose by 8% between 1990 and 2019 but moderately decreased by 4.8% during this period after adjusting for population size. Female adolescents showed higher DALY rates. DALY rates sharply increased from 5 to 9 years of age, then rose more slowly, reaching a plateau before 20 years of age. Country-level DALY rates in 2019 were positively associated with HDI, SDI, and urbanization rates but negatively correlated with primary school dropout rates. Higher disease burden of adolescents visually impaired from URE was associated with lower primary school dropout rates (β = − 0.257, 95% CI − 0.376 to − 0.138, P < 0.001) and higher urbanization rates (β = 0.257, 95% CI 0.067 to 0.256, P = 0.001).

Conclusions
Higher socioeconomic status, urbanization rates and education levels are associated with a heavier disease burden of URE among adolescents. The findings of this study can provide a reference for policy making on resource allocation for URE prevention and control in teenagers.
A qualitative study on the impact of COVID-19 on the behavior and attitudes of smokers and non-smokers in South Korea
Authors: Hwang Jieun , Chun Hae-ryoung , Cheon Eunsil 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has affected all aspects of human society, including education, culture, and the economy, and has also introduced changes in people’s health behaviors such as drinking alcohol, nutrition intake, and practicing healthy living. This study conducted qualitative research in the Korean context to examine the changes in the smoking behavior of smokers and secondhand smoke exposure of non-smokers during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsFocus group interviews were conducted with 36 Korean participants (18 men and 18 women). The groups were composed of cigarette smokers, e-cigarette users, heated tobacco product users, and non-smokers.ResultsDuring the pandemic, it was found that there was an increase in the frequency of use, irrespective of the tobacco product, in users who refrained from social interaction and worked or studied from home. Users who continued to be socially active increased the amount used with each usage. Smokers showed a tendency to avoid smoking rooms and to smoke alone in places unoccupied by people. In addition, non-smokers’ exposure to secondhand smoke did not decrease, but since non-smokers used masks, they reported more relief from the risk of exposure to secondhand smoke than before.ConclusionsDespite smokers being a high-risk group for COVID-19, the risk did not result in smoking cessation among smokers. Therefore, policies and educational campaigns to raise awareness about the dangers of smoking and to encourage smoking cessation are needed in the future.
Factors associated with delirium among survivors of acute respiratory distress syndrome: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Oh Tak Kyu , Park Hye Youn , Song In-Ae 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of delirium, its associated factors, and its impact on long-term mortality among survivors of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is unclear.

Methods
Since this was a population-based study, data were extracted from the National Health Insurance database in South Korea. All adults who were admitted to intensive care units with a diagnosis of ARDS between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2019, and who survived for ≥ 60 days were included. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, tenth revision code of delirium (F05) was used to extract delirium cases during hospitalization.

Results
A total of 6809 ARDS survivors were included in the analysis, and 319 patients (4.7%) were diagnosed with delirium during hospitalization. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis after covariate adjustment, male sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23, 2.08; P < 0.001), longer duration of hospitalization (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01, 1.03; P < 0.001), neuromuscular blockade use (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.12, 2.01; P = 0.006), benzodiazepine (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.13, 2.13; P = 0.007) and propofol (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.01, 2.17; P = 0.046) continuous infusion, and concurrent depression (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.01, 1.71; P = 0.044) were associated with a higher prevalence of delirium among ARDS survivors. In the multivariable Cox regression analysis after adjustment for covariates, the occurrence of delirium was not significantly associated with 1-year all-cause mortality, when compared to the other survivors who did not develop delirium (hazard ratio: 0.85, 95% CI 1.01, 1.71; P = 0.044).

Conclusions
In South Korea, 4.7% of ARDS survivors were diagnosed with delirium during hospitalization in South Korea. Some factors were potential risk factors for the development of delirium, but the occurrence of delirium might not affect 1-year all-cause mortality among ARDS survivors.