bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges and chances for local health and social care integration – Lessons from Greater Manchester, England
Authors: Chang Ming-Fang 
Published: December 2021

PurposeSustainability and transformation partnerships (STPs) were introduced to England, asking 44 local areas to submit their health and social care plans for the period from October 2016 to March 2021. This study aims to offer a deeper understanding of the complex structure in the local practice, and to discuss the associated challenges and chances.Design/methodology/approachDocumentary analysis, qualitative interviews and questionnaire survey are used for this study. Findings have been compared and analysed thematically.FindingsThe study participants reported that apart from pooled budgets, past collaborative experience and local leadership are crucial elements for transforming health and social care integration in Greater Manchester (GM). Also, this study provides policy recommendations to promote effective collaborative partnerships in local practices and mitigate local inequity of funding progress.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of this paper cannot be extrapolated to all stakeholders due to the limited samples. Meanwhile, some of the discussions about the case of GM may not be transferrable to other STPs.Originality/valueThis study argues that the success of pooled budgets is the result, rather than the cause, of effective negotiations between various stakeholders; and therefore, there is no evidence suggesting that pooled budgets can resolve the discoordination of health and social care. Moreover, due to the bottom-up approach adopted by STPs, more effective boroughs tend to receive additional funding, resulting in an increasing gap of development between effective and ineffective boroughs.
Library staff support with Fourth Industrial Revolution's application to provide information resources to remote clients during the COVID-19 library services
Authors: Dube Tinyiko Vivian 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) and the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) have challenged the academic libraries system with a paradigm shift that has never been experienced before. This article highlights how the library staff offered support with the 4IR to the remote during the COVID-19 era; to ensure that the provision of information resources does not halt because of the imposed lockdown COVID-19 regulations. The purpose of this study was to examine the library staff support with 4IR's application to provide information resources to remote clients during the COVID-19 library services.Design/methodology/approachThe study was anchored by the positivism research paradigm and used a quantitative research approach. Microsoft Form was used to design an online questionnaire to collect data from the library staff working in a distance education environment in Gauteng Province of South Africa. The collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).FindingsThe findings discovered that the library staff was keen on job innovation; however, the COVID-19 restrictions were a major cause for the library staff not to provide information resources to remote clients effectively.Research limitations/implicationsThe 4IR has both positive and negative effects on the library staff and the remote clients. To ensure that academic libraries fully embrace the 4IR; it is imperative to examine how the remote clients affected by digital divide can benefit from this revolution since they do not have access to adequate gadgets such as laptops/personal computers/tablets/smartphone/iPods and data for Internet connection.Practical implicationsThis study contributed to the Library and Information Science's (LIS) field by adding value to the knowledge base concerning how the library staff working in academic libraries operating in a distance education environment in Gauteng Province of South Africa offered support to the remote clients during the COVID-19 pandemic that impacted the drastic adoption of the 4IR.Social implicationsStakeholders, library management and policymakers gained insight to revisit the existing library staff support regarding mentoring, coaching training remote clients on how to access and download online information resources. This is inspired by the fact that COVID-19 significantly influenced library services' value for knowledge by facilitating policy changes and aligning with 4IR.Originality/valueThe study greatly influences policymakers and information practitioners to mobilize new methods of library staff support.
Political connections, political uncertainty and audit fees: evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Fawad , Bradbury Michael , Habib Ahsan 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the association between political connections, political uncertainty and audit fees. The authors use various measures of political connections and uncertainty: political connections (civil and military), political events (elections) and a general measure of political stability (i.e. a world bank index).Design/methodology/approachThe authors measure the association between political connections, political uncertainty and audit fees. Audit fees reflect auditors’ perceptions of risk. The authors examine auditors’ business risk, clients’ audit and business risk after controlling for the variables used in prior audit fee research.FindingsResults indicate that civil-connected firms pay significantly higher audit fees than non-connected firms owing to the instability of civil-political connections. Military-connected firms pay significantly lower audit fees than non-connected firms owing to the stable form of government. Furthermore, considering high leverage as a measure of clients’ high audit risk and high return-on-assets (ROA) as a measure of clients’ lower business risk, the authors interact leverage and ROA with civil and military connections. The results reveal that these risks moderate the relationship between political connection and audit fees. Election risk is independent of risk associated with political connections. General political stability reinforces the theme that a stable government results in lower risks.Originality/valueThe authors combine cross-sectional measures of political uncertainty (civil or military connections) with time-dependent measures (general measures of political instability and elections).
Feel like quitting the job? A causal attribution approach to social and work overload consequences
Authors: Ali Syed Ahmad , Mujahid Khadija , Umar Muhammad 
Published: December 2021

PurposeIn an effort to study the effects of stress factors i.e. work overload and social overload, the authors integrate causal attribution research to develop a stress outcome model. Drawing on Affective Events theory, this study aims to investigate how work and social overload lead to turnover intentions with the mediating role of emotional exhaustion.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative approach to examine the direct linkage of stress factors to turnover intention was tested for 409 respondents working at middle and senior manager level posts in the banking sector of Lahore, Pakistan. Partial least square structure equation modeling technique was applied through Smart_PLS3.0 for hypothesis testing.FindingsResults revealed a strong relationship between stress factors (i.e. social overload and work overload) and turnover intentions in the presence of emotional exhaustion as a significant mediator.Originality/valueThe study adds value to the theory and practice by examining the understudied stress factors (social overload) along with work overload and their consequences on the employees.
Locked-out: generational inequalities of housing tenure and housing type
Authors: Lowies Braam , Squires Graham , Rossini Peter , McGreal Stanley 
Published: December 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to first explore whether Australia and the main metropolitan areas demonstrate significant differences in tenure and property type between generational groups. Second, whether the millennial generation is more likely to rent rather than own. Third, if such variation in tenure and property type by millennials is one of individual choice and lifestyle or the impact of housing market inefficiencies.Design/methodology/approachThis paper employs a comparative research approach using secondary data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) to consider housing tenure and type distributions across generations as well as through cross-city analysis.FindingsThe results show that home ownership is still the dominant tenure in Australia, but private rental is of increasing significance, becoming the tenure of choice for Millennials. Owner occupation is shown to remain and high and stable levels for older generations and while lower in percentage terms for Generation X; this generation exhibits the highest growth rate for ownership. Significant differences are shown in tenure patterns across Australia.Originality/valueThe significance of this paper is the focus on the analysis of generational differences in housing tenure and type, initially for Australia and subsequently by major metropolitan areas over three inter-census periods (2006, 2011 and 2016). It enhances the understanding of how policies favouring ageing in place can contradict other policies on housing affordability with specific impact on Millennials as different generations are respectively unequally locked-out and locked-in to housing wealth.
Two improved scanning path planning algorithms and a 3D printing control system with circular motion controller
Authors: Wang Dier , Zhang Jun 
Published: December 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to improve the infilling efficiency and the quality of parts forming. It proposes two improved scanning path planning algorithm based on velocity orthogonal decomposition.

Design/methodology/approach
The algorithms this paper proposes replace empty paths and corners with circular segments, driving each axis synchronously according to the SIN or COS velocity curve to make the extruder always moves at a constant speed at maximum during the infilling process. Also, to support the improved algorithms, a three-dimensional (3D) printing control system based on circular motion controller is also designed.

Findings
The simulation and experiment results show that the improved algorithms are effective, and the printing time is shortened more significantly, especially in the case of small or complex models. What’s more, the optimized algorithm is not only compact in shape but also not obvious in edge warping.

Research limitations/implications
The algorithms in this paper are not applicable to traditional motion controllers.

Practical implications
The algorithms in this paper improve the infilling efficiency and the quality of parts forming.

Social implications
There are no social implications in this paper.

Originality/value
The specific optimization method of parallel-line scanning algorithm based on velocity orthogonal decomposition is replacing the empty paths with arc corners. And the specific optimization method of contour offsetting algorithm based on velocity orthogonal decomposition is to add connection paths between adjacent contours and turn all straight corners into arcs. What’s more, the 3D printing control system based on the circular motion controller can achieve multi-axis parallel motion to support these two improved path scanning algorithms.
Safety of conventional immunosuppressive therapies for patients with dermatological conditions and coronavirus disease 2019: A review of current evidence
Authors: Arora Harleen , Boothby‐Shoemaker Wyatt , Braunberger Taylor , Lim Henry W. , Veenstra Jesse 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) on patients receiving conventional immunosuppressive (IS) therapy has yet to be fully determined; however, research on using IS therapy for treating COVID‐19 in acutely ill patients is increasing. While some believe that IS therapy may be protective, others argue that these agents may make patients more susceptible to COVID‐19 infection and morbidity and advocate for a more cautious, individualized approach to determining continuation, reduction, or discontinuation of therapy. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of COVID‐19 risk in dermatological patients who are receiving conventional IS therapies, including mycophenolate mofetil, methotrexate, cyclosporine, azathioprine, apremilast, JAK inhibitors, and systemic steroids. Additionally, we provide recommendations for management of these medications for dermatological patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Treatment of dermatological disease during the COVID‐19 pandemic should involve shared decision‐making between the patient and provider, with consideration of each patient’s comorbidities and the severity of the patient’s dermatological disease.
Variation in biotic interactions mediates the effects of masting and rainfall fluctuations on seedling demography in a subtropical rainforest
Authors: Martini Francesco , Chang‐Yang Chia‐Hao , Sun I‐Fang 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Seedling dynamics are critical for determining community composition and future forest structure. Two mechanisms are crucial drivers of seedling vital rates: biotic interactions and environmental filtering. Biotic interactions at the neighbourhood scale, such as the Janzen–Connell effect, are considered among the main mechanisms maintaining species coexistence. These effects can show considerable temporal variation because of changes in neighbourhood density (i.e. seedling recruitment following masting years) and weather conditions. However, there is limited evidence of whether interannual variation in these conditions modulates biotic interactions and its potential cascading effects on seedling vital rates.

We used seedling data collected over 17 years in a subtropical rainforest in northern Taiwan. We modelled interannual variation in first‐year survival and growth of 12,830 seedlings of 36 species and 47 cohorts using (generalized) linear mixed‐effects models with several crowding indices and abiotic conditions (edaphic and topographic factors) as predictors.

The first‐year seedling survival and growth depended on both weather conditions and neighbourhood density. Seedling survival was greater when recruitment was more abundant and in years with greater rainfall, and this was mostly mediated by the interaction with conspecific and heterospecific seedlings. Seedling growth decreased with the increasing abundance of new recruits and increased with annual rainfall. Growth was negatively affected by the basal area of conspecific and heterospecific trees and by the density of conspecific seedlings when the number of new recruits was greater. The abiotic factors had a limited effect on seedling survival and growth compared to biotic factors.

Synthesis. Our results show that variation in recruitment abundance due to masting and annual rainfall significantly affects seedling vital rates by changing biotic interactions. These findings are in accordance with the economy of scale hypothesis, which predicts higher per‐capita reproductive success in years of higher seed production. Furthermore, the results support the hypothesis that fluctuations in rainfall can alter biotic interactions in forests. Efforts to predict forest community responses to climate changes should consider the temporal variations in biotic interactions.
Occupational therapy in oncology palliative care for adolescents and young adults: Perspectives of Australian occupational therapists
Authors: Wallis Amy , Meredith Pamela , Stanley Mandy 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionPalliative Care Australia suggests current needs (emotional wellbeing, understanding of cancers impact on relationships, everyday activities, and life milestones) for adolescent and young adults in palliative care are unmet due to a lack of age‐specific palliative care facilities in Australia. This includes the provision of occupational therapy that can impact these unmet needs. Although the occupational therapy role in palliative care has been documented, little is known about existing occupational therapy services or occupational needs for young people with palliative care needs. The aims of this study were to obtain occupational therapists insights of working with this population in Australia regarding (1) gaps in palliative care services for this population; (2) facilitators and challenges to providing occupational therapy for this group; and (3) perceived occupational needs of young people living with a life‐limiting cancer diagnosis.MethodsUsing snowball sampling, an online survey was distributed to occupational therapists with experience working in palliative cancer care with adolescents and young adults. Available for 6 weeks, the survey included demographic, work history, and service delivery questions. Forced‐choice questions were summarised descriptively, and content analysis was used to analyse free‐text data.ResultsEleven completed surveys were returned. Overall, therapists perceived current palliative care services for this population within Australia to be lacking. Two gaps emerged: age‐appropriate facilities and gaps in provision of psycho‐social and occupational therapy services. Funding, lack of knowledge of the occupational therapy role, and professional confidence were highlighted as challenges to practice. Main occupational needs related to maintenance of as “normal” a life as possible: maintaining occupational role engagement, continuing connection with others, and being heard regarding their occupational needs.ConclusionFindings suggest a need for service changes, including custom‐designed facilities, improved funding, training and mentoring, to support age‐appropriate and occupation‐focussed care for the young person in cancer‐specific palliative care.
Uptake and outcomes of sentinel lymph node mapping in women undergoing minimally invasive surgery for endometrial cancer
Authors: Dioun Shayan , Chen Ling , Melamed Alexander , Gockley Allison , St. Clair Caryn M. , Hou June Y. , Khoury‐Collado Fady , Hershman Dawn L. , Wright Jason D. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the patterns and outcomes of sentinel lymph node (SLN) assessment in women with endometrial cancer.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingUnited States inpatient and outpatient hospital services.PopulationWomen with endometrial cancer who underwent a laparoscopic or robotic‐assisted hysterectomy.MethodsThe Perspective Database from 2012 to 2018 was used. Performance of lymph node dissection was classified as SLN mapping, lymph node dissection or no nodal evaluation. Adjusted regression models were developed to examine the association between SLN mapping and morbidity and cost.Main Outcome MeasuresUtilisation rates, morbidity and cost of both lymph node dissection and SLN mapping.ResultsAmong 45 381 patients, SLN mapping was performed for 7768 patients (17.1%), lymph node dissection was performed for 23 214 patients (51.2%) and no lymphatic evaluation was performed for 14 399 patients (31.7%). SLN mapping increased from 1.8% in 2012 to 35.3% in 2018, whereas the rate of lymph node dissection decreased from 63.5% to 39.1% (p < 0.001). Among women who underwent nodal evaluation, residence in the west, White race and use of robotic‐assisted hysterectomy were associated with SLN mapping (p < 0.05 for all). The complication rate was 5.9% for SLN mapping, compared with 7.3% in those that underwent lymph node dissection (aRR 0.85, 95% CI 0.77–0.95). The median hospital costs for women who underwent SLN mapping ($10 479) and lymph node dissection ($10 747) were higher than for those who did not undergo nodal assessment ($9149) (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe performance of SLN mapping is increasing for endometrial cancer. Compared with lymph node dissection, SLN mapping is associated with lower morbidity. SLN mapping significantly increases the costs compared with hysterectomy alone.Tweetable AbstractSLN mapping is increasing rapidly for endometrial cancer and is associated with decreased perioperative morbidity.
Provider perspectives on integrating family caregivers into patient care encounters
Authors: Griffin Joan M. , Riffin Catherine , Bangerter Lauren R. , Schaepe Karen , Havyer Rachel D. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo examine and compare health care provider perceptions for integrating family caregivers into patient encounters and other processes of care by medical specialty.Data Sources/SettingData were from 19 interviews conducted in 2018, 10 with primary care or palliative care providers and nine with proceduralists or interventionists in practices located in Minnesota, Florida, and Arizona.Study DesignThis was a qualitative study using data collected from one‐on‐one, semi‐structured interviews with physicians.Data CollectionBy using purposeful “maximum variation” sampling to capture differences between primary and palliative care providers and proceduralists/interventionists, data were collected, reviewed, coded, and then analyzed using inductive content analysis with a constant comparison approach.Primary FindingsPrimary care providers described a lack of organizational and institutional resources to support caregivers. Accordingly, they were compelled to curb caregiver engagement in order to meet patients' clinical care needs within the time and workflow demands in encounters. Proceduralists and interventionists described the need to assess caregivers for suitability to provide care during intense periods of treatment. They reported having access to more formal organizational resources for supporting caregivers. Overall, providers described a paradox, where caregivers are seen as contributing value to patient encounters until they need training, education, or support to provide care, at which point they become burdensome and require more time and resources than are typically available.ConclusionsResults highlight how organizational constraints inhibit caregiver engagement in patient encounters and influence provider attitudes about engaging caregivers and assessing their unmet needs. Findings also provide insights into challenges across practice types for implementing state and federal laws that promote caregiver engagement.
Effluent N‐terminal expressed in renal cell carcinoma/mesothelin predicts increased peritoneal permeability in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Idei Mayumi , Abe Masaaki , Tanaka Mototsugu , Nakata Junichiro , Isshiki Miwa , Hino Okio , Miida Takashi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionWe investigated whether N‐terminal and C‐terminal products of expressed in renal cell carcinoma/mesothelin (N‐ERC and C‐ERC) in peritoneal effluent can predict peritoneal permeability in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD).MethodsThirty‐seven peritoneal effluent samples were obtained from 26 PD patients. High transport status was determined by the peritoneal equilibration test as a dialysate/plasma ratio of creatinine (D/P Cr) ≥ 0.81. Effluent cancer antigen 125 (CA125) was used as a reference.ResultsEffluent N‐ERC concentration was better correlated with D/P Cr than effluent C‐ERC or CA125 concentration. In multivariate analyses, effluent N‐ERC and C‐ERC, but not CA125, were significant predictors of high transport status after adjusting for age, PD duration, and residual renal Kt/V. ROC analysis showed that effluent N‐ERC was the best predictor of high transport status among those three biomarkers.ConclusionEffluent N‐ERC predicts increased peritoneal permeability in patients undergoing PD.