bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atherosclerosis Impairs Naive CD4 T-Cell Responses via Disruption of Glycolysis
Authors: Gaddis Dalia E. , Padgett Lindsey E. , Wu Runpei , Nguyen Anh , McSkimming Chantel , Dinh Huy Q. , Araujo Daniel J. , Taylor Angela M. , McNamara Coleen A. , Hedrick Catherine C. 
Published: July 2021

Objective:
CD4 T cells are important regulators of atherosclerotic progression. The metabolic profile of CD4 T cells controls their signaling and function, but how atherosclerosis affects T-cell metabolism is unknown. Here, we sought to determine the impact of atherosclerosis on CD4 T-cell metabolism and the contribution of such metabolic alterations to atheroprogression.

Approach and Results:
Using PCR arrays, we profiled the expression of metabolism genes in CD4 T cells from atherosclerotic apolipoprotein-E knockout mice fed a Western diet. These cells exhibited dysregulated expression of genes critically involved in glycolysis and fatty acid degradation, compared with those from animals fed a standard laboratory diet. We examined how T-cell metabolism was changed in either Western diet–fed apolipoprotein-E knockout mice or samples from patients with cardiovascular disease by measuring glucose uptake, activation, and proliferation in CD4 T cells. We found that naive CD4 T cells from Western diet–fed apolipoprotein-E knockout mice failed to uptake glucose and displayed impaired proliferation and activation, compared with CD4 T cells from standard laboratory diet–fed animals. Similarly, we observed that naive CD4 T-cell frequencies were reduced in the circulation of human subjects with high cardiovascular disease compared with low cardiovascular disease. Naive T cells from high cardiovascular disease subjects also showed reduced proliferative capacity.

Conclusions:
These results highlight the dysfunction that occurs in CD4 T-cell metabolism and immune responses during atherosclerosis. Targeting metabolic pathways within naive CD4 T cells could thus yield novel therapeutic approaches for improving CD4 T-cell responses against atheroprogression.
Diabetes Impaired Ischemia-Induced PDGF (Platelet-Derived Growth Factor) Signaling Actions and Vessel Formation Through the Activation of Scr Homology 2-Containing Phosphatase-1
Authors: Mercier Clément , Brazeau Tristan , Lamoureux Jérémy , Boisvert Elizabeth , Robillard Stéphanie , Breton Valérie , Paré Martin , Guay Andréanne , Lizotte Farah , Despatis Marc-Antoine , Geraldes Pedro 
Published: July 2021

Objective:
Critical limb ischemia is a major complication of diabetes characterized by insufficient collateral vessel development and proper growth factor signaling unresponsiveness. Although mainly deactivated by hypoxia, phosphatases are important players in the deregulation of proangiogenetic pathways. Previously, SHP-1 (Scr homology 2-containing phosphatase-1) was found to be associated with the downregulation of growth factor actions in the diabetic muscle. Thus, we aimed to gain further understanding of the impact of SHP-1 on smooth muscle cell (SMC) function under hypoxic and diabetic conditions.

Approach and Results:
Despite being inactivated under hypoxic conditions, high glucose level exposure sustained SHP-1 phosphatase activity in SMC and increased its interaction with PDGFR (platelet-derived growth factor receptor)-β, thus reducing PDGF proangiogenic actions. Overexpression of an inactive form of SHP-1 fully restored PDGF-induced proliferation, migration, and signaling pathways in SMC exposed to high glucose and hypoxia. Nondiabetic and diabetic mice with deletion of SHP-1 specifically in SMC were generated. Ligation of the femoral artery was performed, and blood flow was measured for 4 weeks. Blood flow reperfusion, vascular density and maturation, and limb survival were all improved while vascular apoptosis was attenuated in diabetic SMC-specific SHP-1 null mice as compared to diabetic mice.

Conclusions:
Diabetes and high glucose level exposure maintained SHP-1 activity preventing hypoxia-induced PDGF actions in SMC. Specific deletion of SHP-1 in SMC partially restored blood flow reperfusion in the diabetic ischemic limb. Therefore, local modulation of SHP-1 activity in SMC could represent a potential therapeutic avenue to improve the proangiogenic properties of SMC under ischemia and diabetes.
Coronary Evaluation Before Heart Valvular Surgery by Using Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography Versus Invasive Coronary Angiography
Authors: Ren Xinshuang , Liu Kun , Zhang Heng , Meng Ying , Li Haojie , Sun Xiaogang , Sun Hansong , Song Yunhu , Wang Liqing , Wang Wei , Wang Chuangshi , Wang Yang , Hou Zhihui , Gao Yang , Yin Weihua , Zheng Zhe , Lu Bin 
Published: July 2021

Background
Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is a noninvasive, less expensive, low‐radiation alternative to invasive coronary angiography (ICA). ICA is recommended for coronary evaluation before heart valvular surgery, and the supporting evidence for CCTA is insufficient. Our study is a single‐center, prospective cohort study designed to evaluate the feasibility of CCTA instead of ICA in detection of coronary artery disease before surgery.

Methods and Results

Heart valvular surgery candidates were consecutively enrolled between April 2017 and December 2018. Nine hundred fifty‐eight patients in the CCTA group underwent CCTA primarily, and those with ≥50% coronary stenosis or uncertain diagnosis underwent subsequent ICA. One thousand five hundred twenty‐five patients in the ICA group underwent ICA directly before surgery. Coronary artery bypass grafting decision was made by surgeons according to CCTA or ICA results. Most of the patients (78.8%) in the CCTA group avoided invasive angiography. Thirty‐day mortality (0.7% versus 0.9%,
P
=0.821), myocardial infarction (6.4% versus 6.9%,
P
=0.680 ), and low cardiac output syndrome (4.2% versus 2.8%,
P
=0.085) were similar in the CCTA and ICA groups. Median duration of follow‐up was 19.3 months (interquartile range, 14.2–30.0 months), cumulative rates of mortality (2.6% versus 2.6%,
P
=0.882) and major adverse cardiac events (9.6% versus 9.0%,
P
=0.607) showed no difference between the 2 groups. Coronary evaluation expense was lower in the CCTA group ($149.6 versus $636.0,
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
The strategy of using CCTA as a doorkeeper in coronary evaluation before heart valvular surgery showed noninferiority in identification of candidates for coronary artery bypass grafting and postoperative safety.
Trends in Cardiovascular Mortality Related to Atrial Fibrillation in the United States, 2011 to 2018
Authors: Tanaka Yoshihiro , Shah Nilay S. , Passman Rod , Greenland Philip , Lloyd‐Jones Donald M. , Khan Sadiya S. 
Published: July 2021

Background
Prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) continues to increase and is associated with significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. To inform prevention strategies aimed at reducing the burden of AF, we sought to quantify trends in cardiovascular mortality related to AF in the United States.

Methods and Results
We performed serial cross‐sectional analyses of national death certificate data for cardiovascular mortality related to AF, whereby cardiovascular disease was listed as underlying cause of death and AF as multiple cause of death among adults aged 35 to 84 years using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Wide‐Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research. We calculated age‐adjusted mortality rates per 100 000 population and examined trends over time, estimating average annual percentage change using the Joinpoint Regression Program. Subgroup analyses were performed by race‐sex and across 2 age groups (younger: 35–64 years; older: 65–84 years). A total of 276 373 cardiovascular deaths related to AF were identified in the United States between 2011 and 2018 in decedents aged 35 to 84 years. Age‐adjusted mortality rate increased from 18.0 (95% CI, 17.8–18.2) to 22.3 (95% CI, 22.0–22.4) per 100 000 population between 2011 and 2018. The increase in age‐adjusted mortality rate (average annual percentage change) between 2011 and 2018 was greater among younger decedents (7.4% per year [95% CI, 6.8%–8.0%]) compared with older decedents (3.0% per year [95% CI, 2.6%–3.4%]).

Conclusions
Cardiovascular deaths related to AF are increasing, especially among younger adults, and warrant greater attention to prevention earlier in the life course.
Association of Proportional Recovery After Stroke With Health-Related Quality of Life
Authors: Lin Chen , Martin Kimberly , Arevalo Yurany A. , Harvey Richard L. , Prabhakaran Shyam 
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose:
No data exists on whether proportional recovery (PR) is associated with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) domains. We evaluated whether PR was associated with domain-specific HRQOL scores at 3 months after ischemic stroke.

Methods:
This prospective cohort study enrolled patients with ischemic stroke between January 2017 and June 2018. Impaired strength was assessed using the Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity (range, 0–66 points) and Motricity Index (range, 0–100 points) during index hospitalization and 3 months. Both measures are well-validated and reliable in patients with stroke to assesses motor functioning. PR (defined as 70% of difference between initial score and maximum possible recovery) was calculated from the initial measurements. HRQOL was measured using Neuro-QOL domains: upper extremity, depression, and cognition domains. PR was evaluated with HRQOL domains using binomial logistic regression.

Results:
Final analysis included 84 patients (mean age 67.8±16.4 years; 44% male; 51.2% White). For both Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity and Motricity Index, the PR threshold was met for 48.8% of patients. Failure to meet Motricity Index PR was only associated with increased odds of HRQOL depression impairment (adjusted odds ratio, 11.8 [95% CI, 1.23–112.7]). Failure to meet Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity PR threshold was not associated with HRQOL impairment after adjustment.

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that reaching the PR threshold provides poor discrimination of HRQOL. Despite not meeting expected PR thresholds, patients can still maintain un-impaired HRQOL, suggesting other factors play a role in preserved HRQOL.
Construction and Performance Applications of an Augmented Violin: TRAVIS II
Authors: Ko Chantelle , Oehlberg Lora 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe present the second iteration of a Touch-Responsive Augmented Violin Interface System, called TRAVIS II, and two compositions that demonstrate its expressivity. TRAVIS II is an augmented acoustic violin with touch sensors integrated into its 3-D printed fingerboard that track left-hand finger gestures in real time. The fingerboard has four strips of conductive PLA filament that produce an electric signal when fingers press down on each string. Although these sensors are physically robust, they are mechanically assembled and thus easy to replace if damaged. The performer can also trigger presets via four sensors attached to the body of the violin. The instrument is completely wireless, giving the performer the freedom to move throughout the performance space. Although the sensing fingerboard is installed in place of the traditional fingerboard, all other electronics can be removed from the augmented instrument, maintaining the aesthetics of a traditional violin. Our design allows violinists to naturally create music for interactive performance and improvisation without requiring new instrumental techniques. The first author composed two compositions to highlight TRAVIS II: “Dream State” and “Kindred Dichotomy.” Both of these compositions involve improvisation in their creative process and include interactive visuals. In this article we describe the design of the instrument, experiments leading to the sensing fingerboard, performative applications of the instrument, and compositional considerations for the resultant pieces.
An Analysis of “nyx” (2017), a Computer Music Work by
Kerry Hagan
Authors: Larrieu Maxence 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Kerry Hagan composed “nyx,” a real-time computer music work, in 2017. The key inspiration of “nyx” is noise, which Hagan achieves through chaos theory. In Greek mythology, Nyx was born from Chaos, and she is the deity of the night. In the same way, two key materials of the work are chaotic synthesis and, at a higher level, the use of several random algorithms. To analyze “nyx,” I apply a specific methodology that considers both the sound and the computer code. In fact, I consider code as a medium through which Hagan has realized her musical ideas, that is to say, seeing code as a support for musical ideas, and not only as a computing object.
This article has two main sections: The first describes Hagan's techniques through Pure Data code, and in the second the music is analyzed in its canonical form, describing the structure of the work. Finally, I argue that “nyx” involves many levels of noise, from the sound design, to the use of random algorithms, and lastly to the inspiration from Greek mythology to structure the work.
Xenophon’s Funeral Oration
Authors: Parks Mitchell H. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Memorabilia 3.5, a conversation between Socrates and Pericles the Younger, not only engages with the topoi of the epitaphios logos, but even alludes to Thucydides’ version, attributed to Pericles, and to Plato’s version in the Menexenus, attributed to Aspasia. The allusions range from verbal echoes to Xenophon’s choice of Pericles the Younger, son of Pericles and Aspasia, as Socrates’ interlocutor. This chapter of the Memorabilia, which is central to the structure of the work as a whole, represents Xenophon’s contribution to and correction of the epitaphios as a genre.
The Non-Masoretic Hebrew Vorlage of the Old Greek Ezekiel (LXX967/LXXB), Other Non-Masoretic and Proto-Masoretic Ezekiel Texts: Evidence from Quotations of and Allusions to Ezekiel in Second Temple Judaism
Authors: Finsterbusch Karin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In Second Temple Jewish Literature, more than a hundred quotations of and allusions to Ezekiel are preserved. Although only a few of them are text-critically relevant, these cases may help to shed light on the complex textual history of the book. In this article, eleven cases of quotations and allusions are analyzed in detail: Six cases should be regarded as evidence for the existence of the non-masoretic Hebrew Vorlage of the Old Greek Ezekiel. In two of these cases, non-aligned textual elements appear as well. Taken together with two non-aligned cases in the Damascus Document, these quotations and allusions substantiate the assumption that even more non-masoretic Ezekiel texts were in use until the beginning of the first century BCE—alongside proto-masoretic Ezekiel texts, which are attested by three cases of quotations and allusions.
A Balancing Act? Inter-Ministerial Co-operation in the Work of the Cultural Attachés
Authors: Kizlari Dimitra , Valenza Domenico 
Published: July 2021

Summary
To date, the role of cultural attachés in foreign policy has not been the subject of scholarly research, despite the sharp rise in interest in the field of cultural diplomacy. The present study is a comparative analysis seeking to map the ecosystem in which cultural attachés are embedded with the aim to develop a first-time narrative about their role. Interviews with practitioners from Italy, The Netherlands and Sweden indicate that the post of the cultural attaché is a field of responsibility primarily for two state actors. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Culture both have a vested interest in the work of these cultural operators. The findings suggest that there are two distinct organisational models in how Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Ministries of Culture co-exist and interact.
The Role of Time Perspective in the General Tendency to Disengage and Reengage from Problematic Goal Striving
Authors: Kačmár Pavol , Beere Merav 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Both time and goals are ubiquitous in our everyday lives. The main aim of the present set of studies was to corroborate if time perspective, as conceptualized by Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, is related to goal disengagement and reengagement during problematic goal striving. Over three studies, with more than 600 participants varying in age and cultural background, it was found that future time perspective is related to goal disengagement from a problematic goal striving. A pilot study with 103 university students showed that the future positive scale was negatively related to the general capacity to disengage. In a second study with 356 high-school students, it was shown that the future positive, past positive and present hedonistic scales were negatively correlated to goal disengagement, while the present fatalistic and future negative scales were positively correlated to goal disengagement. However, when accounting for the Big-five, only the future negative and (possibly) present hedonistic scales remained statistically significant predictors of the capacity to disengage from a goal. In the third study, the role of the future time perspective was replicated among 169 people suffering from chronic pain disease. It was shown that the future time perspective (in its general form) negatively predicted the general capacity to disengage. Moreover, focusing on more process-oriented aspects, this further predicted the action crisis during goal pursuit. This set of studies not only provides novel findings but also encourages further investigation of the time perspective in goal striving.
Regulating Obscenity in Chinese Livestreaming: An Ongoing Mediation between the Private and the Public, the Nation and the Market
Authors: Gu Jingyi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Livestreaming platforms, including Huya, Douyu, Huajiao, and Inke, have become extremely popular in China in recent years, resulting in the formation of new industries and new professions. Livestreaming also forms a ‘grey area’ for the production and circulation of content that can be deemed pornographic and obscene by the government. The challenges for effective regulations come mainly from livestreaming’s real-time feature and its problematization of the distinction between public and private. Using theoretical lenses, including a Foucauldian approach to neoliberal governmentality, this article examines the Chinese government’s major attempts between 2016 and 2018 to regulate obscenity in livestreaming and consider them in the context of the government’s history of regulating media, the internet, and pornography. Based on an analysis of the evolving regulatory regime, the article also discusses how livestreaming users are left to their own devices as they navigate the ongoing mediation between the government’s economic and ideological motives.
Livestreaming Influencers, Influence Types, and Political Participation: A Case Study of Taiwan’s 2020 Presidential Election
Authors: Yang Kenneth C. C. , Kang Yowei 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Livestreaming platforms have emerged as an important political communication tool for engaging with constituents. Twitch, YouTube Live, Mixer, and Facebook can broadcast real-time video contents via Web-based services and mobile app platforms. Our case study aims to determine whether livestreaming influencers generated political participation during Taiwan’s 2020 presidential election. This case study is based on a framework that integrates the literature on political communication and influencer marketing. In this article, we describe the rise of livestreaming platforms and explain the role of livestreamers in political communication. We also examine whether the characteristics of livestreaming influencers and the type of influence they exert increased political participation by their fans and followers and whether this accounted for the success of Tsai Ing-wen’s victory in her 2020 campaign for re-election as president.
The Frescoes in the Crypt of Saint Adam
Authors: Raimo Nadia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This essay explores bibliographic and historiographical studies on the frescoed vaults in the crypt of Saint Adam, located in the church of Santa Maria Maggiore in Guglionesi (Campobasso province, Molise, Italy). The frescoes have never been the subject of a detailed study; in fact, they have received only sporadic mention in some volumes of Molise art and history. The most ancient bibliographic information that can be recovered is reported in the nineteenth-century La Cronistoria di Guglionesi by Canon Angelo Maria Rocchia (Guglionesi, 1830–1907) and the three glorious translations by the medieval Benedictine monk Saint Adamo Abate (990–1070). The canon mentioned the historical events that led to the establishment of the crypt and the changes in its pictorial decoration. This essay begins with Canon Rocchia’s hypotheses and moves on to further investigate the crypt and the history of the frescoes, bringing to light similarities and differences in the interpretation of the pictorial decorations.
The Bessarion Chapel
Authors: Vai Stefania 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Bessarion chapel in the church of Santi Apostoli represents a new chapter in the study of the Roman Quattrocento. Its frescoes, painted by Antoniazzo Romano between 1464 and 1467, are a fundamental example of the Roman artistic taste in the early Renaissance. This essay examines unexplored aspects surrounding the origin of the chapel by understanding how Romano obtained this commission and how much he used visual solutions borrowed from the past. In addition, this investigation sets out to reconsider the artistic influence of the Bessarion commission, focusing on the paintings which have recently been discovered in the Orsini church of Saint Michael the Archangel in Formello (Italy). The questions concerning the Bessarion chapel raised in this study will lead to a more exhaustive understanding of this commission and will shed light on the complexity of the early Renaissance in Rome, where tradition and innovation masterfully coexist.
Teoria zbiorów rozmytych – od nauk formalnych po nauki prawne. Wprowadzenie do problematyki w świetle osiągnięć polskiej lingwistyki prawa
Authors: Falana-Jafra Anna 
Published: July 2021

Fuzzy Set Theory – From Formal Sciences to Legal Sciences: An Introduction in the Light of the Achievements of Polish Legal LinguisticsAn example of the correlation of thought between the formal sciences, which are a foundation of the natural sciences, and the humanities is the fuzzy set theory. It is the source of a new research paradigm in relation to the surrounding reality, as well as in relation to man himself and his perception of the world. Nowadays, the fuzzy set theory is very widespread in cognitive linguistics. The aim of the article is to show the historical and substantive relations between the formal sciences and linguistics existing thanks to the theory of fuzzy sets, as well as to pose the question about the usefulness of this theory for Polish social sciences, which include legal sciences. The justification of the research question stems from the recognition of the fact that the constituted law manifests itself through language, which is its exclusive carrier. Teoria zbiorów rozmytych – od nauk formalnych po nauki prawne. Wprowadzenie do problematyki w świetle osiągnięć polskiej lingwistyki prawaPrzykładem korelacji myślowej zachodzącej pomiędzy naukami formalnymi, stanowiącymi podwalinę nauk przyrodniczych, a naukami humanistycznymi jest teoria zbiorów rozmytych. Stanowi ona źródło nowego paradygmatu badawczego względem otaczającej człowieka rzeczywistości, a także względem jego samego i jego postrzegania świata. Obecnie teoria zbiorów rozmytych jest bardzo rozpowszechniona na gruncie językoznawstwa kognitywnego. Celem artykułu jest ukazanie historycznych i merytorycznych związków pomiędzy naukami formalnymi a językoznawstwem, istniejących dzięki teorii rozmytości, a także postawienie pytania o przydatność tej teorii dla polskich nauk społecznych, do których zaliczają się nauki prawne. Uzasadnienie pytania badawczego wynika z dostrzeżenia faktu, iż prawo stanowione przejawia się poprzez język, który jest jego wyłącznym nośnikiem.