bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The risk of fall-related hospitalisations at entry into permanent residential aged care
Authors: Inacio Maria C. , Moldovan Max , Whitehead Craig , Sluggett Janet K. , Crotty Maria , Corlis Megan , Visvanathan Renuka , Wesselingh Steve , Caughey Gillian E. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Entering permanent residential aged care (PRAC) is a vulnerable time for individuals. While falls risk assessment tools exist, these have not leveraged routinely collected and integrated information from the Australian aged and health care sectors. Our study examined individual, system, medication, and health care related factors at PRAC entry that are predictors of fall-related hospitalisations and developed a risk assessment tool using integrated aged and health care data.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on N = 32,316 individuals ≥65 years old who entered a PRAC facility (01/01/2009-31/12/2016). Fall-related hospitalisations within 90 or 365 days were the outcomes of interest. Individual, system, medication, and health care-related factors were examined as predictors. Risk prediction models were developed using elastic nets penalised regression and Fine and Gray models. Area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) assessed model discrimination.

Results
64.2% (N = 20,757) of the cohort were women and the median age was 85 years old (interquartile range 80-89). After PRAC entry, 3.7% (N = 1209) had a fall-related hospitalisation within 90 days and 9.8% (N = 3156) within 365 days. Twenty variables contributed to fall-related hospitalisation prediction within 90 days and the strongest predictors included fracture history (sub-distribution hazard ratio (sHR) = 1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.63-2.15), falls history (sHR = 1.41, 95%CI 1.21-2.15), and dementia (sHR = 1.39, 95%CI 1.22-1.57). Twenty-seven predictors of fall-related hospitalisation within 365 days were identified, the strongest predictors included dementia (sHR = 1.36, 95%CI 1.24-1.50), history of falls (sHR = 1.30, 95%CI 1.20-1.42) and fractures (sHR = 1.28, 95%CI 1.15-1.41). The risk prediction models had an AUC of 0.71 (95%CI 0.68-0.74) for fall-related hospitalisations within 90 days and 0.64 (95%CI 0.62-0.67) for within 365 days.

Conclusion
Routinely collected aged and health care data, when integrated at a clear point of action such as entry into PRAC, can identify residents at risk of fall-related hospitalisations, providing an opportunity for better targeting risk mitigation strategies.
Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 resistance mutations in a patient who received anti-SARS-COV2 spike protein monoclonal antibodies: a case report
Authors: Fenaux Honorine , Gueneau Romain , Chaghouri Amal , Henry Benoît , Mouna Lina , Roque-Afonso Anne-Marie , Vauloup-Fellous Christelle 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
To manage severe or potentially severe cases of CoronaVirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), therapeutic monoclonal antibodies targeting Spike protein of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been designed. It has been noted in vitro that upon exposure to these treatments, mutations could be selected.

Case presentation
We here report the case of an immunosuppressed patient infected with a B.1.1.7 variant, who received a combination of monoclonal antibodies, and subsequently selected mutations K417N, E484K and Q493R on Spike protein of SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusions
Our case raises the importance of monitoring SARS-CoV-2 mutations in patients receiving monoclonal antibodies and having persistent excretion of the virus, in order to offer optimal management of their infection, and strengthen prevention measures to avoid subsequent transmission of these selected variants.
Complicated Trichosporon asahii mastoiditis in immunocompetent child
Authors: Al Momani Miral , Yusef Dawood H. , Hamasha Du’a , Hamad Moh’d Rawhi Abu , Farran Sara 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Trichosporon asahii is an opportunistic fungus that causes infections in immunosuppressed patients. It is rarely seen in children and immunocompetent hosts. The mortality rates are still high despite early treatment with proper antifungal drugs. Trichosporon asahii mastoiditis in an immunocompetent child makes this case challenging.

Case presentation
This report presents a case of Trichosporon asahii mastoiditis which was complicated by transverse sinus thrombosis, in an otherwise healthy 21-month-old girl, and successfully treated with voriconazole. Trichosporon asahii was isolated, in three different occasions, from ear discharge of an immunocompetent healthy child, who presented with prolonged history of fever and received appropriate dosages of multiple types of antimicrobials as an outpatient but without improvement. After 48 h of starting the Voriconzole; post auricular swelling and ear discharge improved significantly.

Conclusion
A high index of clinical and microbiological suspicion is needed for optimal diagnosis of Trichosporon infection. Trichosporon asahii can also cause infection in immunocompetent individual even without previous history of hospitalization or intervention. We emphasize the importance of early pediatric infectious evaluation and intervention.
A novel pyroptosis-related gene signature predicts the prognosis of glioma through immune infiltration
Authors: Zhang Moxuan , Cheng Yanhao , Xue Zhengchun , Sun Qiang , Zhang Jian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Glioma is the most common primary intracranial tumour and has a very poor prognosis. Pyroptosis, also known as inflammatory necrosis, is a type of programmed cell death that was discovered in recent years. The expression and role of pyroptosis-related genes in gliomas are still unclear.

Methods
In this study, we analysed the RNA-seq and clinical information of glioma patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database. To investigate the prognosis and immune microenvironment of pyroptosis-related genes in gliomas, we constructed a risk model based on the TCGA cohort. The patients in the CGGA cohort were used as the validation cohort.

Results
In this study, we identified 34 pyroptosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in glioma. By clustering these DEGs, all glioma cases can be divided into two clusters. Survival analysis showed that the overall survival time of Cluster 1 was significantly higher than that of Cluster 2. Using the TCGA cohort as the training set, a 10-gene risk model was constructed through univariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO Cox regression analysis. According to the risk score, gliomas were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. Survival analysis showed that the low-risk group had a longer survival time than the high-risk group. The above results were verified in the CGGA validation cohort. To verify that the risk model was independent of other clinical features, the distribution and the Kaplan-Meier survival curves associated with risk scores were performed. Combined with the characteristics of the clinical cases, the risk score was found to be an independent factor predicting the overall survival of patients with glioma. The analysis of single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) showed that compared with the low-risk group, the high-risk group had immune cell and immune pathway activities that were significantly upregulated.

Conclusion
We established 10 pyroptosis-related gene markers that can be used as independent clinical predictors and provide a potential mechanism for the treatment of glioma.
Elective neck dissection improves the survival of patients with T2N0M0 oral squamous cell carcinoma: a study of the SEER database
Authors: Wushou Alimujiang , Yibulayin Feiluore , Sheng Lu , Luo Yuan , Yang Zhi-cheng 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Treatment of clinical N0 neck tumours is controversial in early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), possibly because T1N0M0 and T2N0M0 merge together at early stages. The purposes of this study were to compare survival outcomes only for T2N0M0 cases based upon treatment elective neck dissection versus neck observation.

Methods
T2N0M0 OSCC cases were identified in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database of the United States National Cancer Institute between 2004 and 2015. Survival curves for different variable values were generated using Kaplan-Meier estimates and compared using the log-rank test. Variables that achieved significance at P < 0.05 were entered into multivariable analyses via the Cox proportional hazards multivariate regression.

Results
A total of 2857 patients were selected, and 2313 cases were available for disease specific survival (DSS). The 5-year and 10-year overall survival (OS) were 66.7 and 46% for patients receiving elective neck dissection (END), respectively, and 56.4 and 37.2% for patients with neck observation (P < 0.0001). The 5-year and 10-year DSS were 73.6 and 64% for the END group, respectively, versus 64.5 and 54.5% for the neck observation group (P < 0.0001). More importantly, performing END was independently associated with favourable DSS and OS for patients with T2N0M0 OSCC [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.769, P = 0.0069 for DSS; HR = 0.829, P = 0.0031 for OS, neck observation group as reference] according to multivariate survival analysis.

Conclusion
END is recommended for T2N0M0 OSCC cases and it is associated with improved DSS and OS.
The impact of Facebook use on self-reported eating disorders during the COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Mannino Giuseppe , Salerno Laura , Bonfanti Rubinia Celeste , Albano Gaia , Lo Coco Gianluca 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe social isolation due to the COVID-19-related lockdown has had an impact on social media consumption around the world. This study examines the relationship between fear of COVID-19, Facebook use and disordered eating.MethodsStructural Equation Modeling was used to analyse two-wave survey data (T0: Italian first lockdown; T1: after two months) during the pandemic. Young adults with self-reported dysfunctional eating behaviors (N = 115; 91.3% females; mean age = 28.60 ± 7.31) were recruited to complete an online survey at T0; 66 participants (92.4% females; mean age = 28.85 ± 7.85) completed the survey at T1. They were assessed on Facebook use, dysfunctional eating cognitions, and fear of COVID-19.ResultsParticipants’ disordered eating cognitions increased during the pandemic. At T0, higher fear of COVID-19 was positively associated to time spent on Facebook, which in turn predicted disordered eating cognitions at T1. Moreover, maladaptive Facebook use mediated the relationship between daily time on Facebook and Shape concerns.ConclusionsThe findings of this study suggest an influence of dysfunctional Facebook use in increasing disordered eating cognitions during the pandemic.
Predicting acute respiratory distress syndrome in influenza pneumonia patients using delta mean platelet volume
Authors: Reangvilaikul Teeraphat , Udompongpaiboon Piyaphat , Vattanavanit Veerapong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Patients with influenza pneumonia are at high risk of rapid progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Mean platelet volume (MPV), which reflects platelet size, is considered to be a crucial inflammatory marker. The study aim was to investigate the role of delta mean platelet volume (delta MPV) in predicting ARDS in patients with influenza pneumonia.

Methods
This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care centre in southern Thailand. Adult patients diagnosed with influenza pneumonia were enrolled from January 2015 to December 2020. Demographic data, laboratory investigations including delta MPV (MPV on day 2 minus MPV on day 1), management records, and clinical outcomes were collected for analysis. The study population was divided into two groups according to the development of ARDS.

Results
During the study, 1240 patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza were screened and 212 pneumonia patients were enrolled. Fifty-six patients (26.4%) met the diagnostic criteria for ARDS during hospitalization. Delta MPV was significantly higher in the ARDS group compared to that in the non-ARDS group (1.0 fL vs 0.2 fL, p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that delta MPV is an independent predictor of ARDS (OR 17.37; 95% CI 6.5–46.4; p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated a cut-off value of 0.7 fL for delta MPV (sensitivity 80.36%, specificity 80.77%) to predict ARDS in patients with influenza pneumonia.

Conclusions
Delta MPV strongly predicts ARDS in influenza pneumonia patients. Implementation of delta MPV may be useful in identifying at-risk patients who will require intensive care and ARDS prevention.
Time from first seen in specialist care to surgery does not influence survival outcome in patients with upfront resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Brugel M. , Bouché O. , Kianmanesh R. , Teuma L. , Tashkandi A. , Regimbeau J. M. , Pessaux P. , Royer B. , Rhaiem R. , Perrenot C. , Neuzillet C. , Piardi T. , Deguelte S. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study evaluated the impact of time to surgery (TTS) on overall survival (OS), disease free survival (DFS) and postoperative complication rate in patients with upfront resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA).MethodsWe retrospectively included patients who underwent upfront surgery for PA between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2014 from four French centers. TTS was defined as the number of days between the date of the first consultation in specialist care and the date of surgery. DFS for a 14-day TTS was the primary endpoint. We also analyzed survival depending on different delay cut-offs (7, 14, 28, 60 and 75 days).ResultsA total of 168 patients were included. 59 patients (35%) underwent an upfront surgery within 14 days. Patients in the higher delay group (> 14 days) had significantly more vein resections and endoscopic biliary drainage. Adjusted OS (p = 0.44), DFS (p = 0.99), fistulas (p = 0.41), hemorrhage (p = 0.59) and severe post-operative complications (p = 0.82) were not different according to TTS (> 14 days). Other delay cut-offs had no impact on OS or DFS.DiscussionTTS seems to have no impact on OS, DFS and 90-day postoperative morbidity.
Evaluation of the clinical success of four different types of lithium disilicate ceramic restorations: a retrospective study
Authors: Abdulrahman Sharo , Von See Mahm Constantin , Talabani Ranjdar , Abdulateef Darwn 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background/purpose
How long do lithium disilicate restorations last before they fail? The aim of this study was to assess the success rate of four different types of restorations made from lithium disilicate.

Materials and methods
A total of 87,203 ceramic restorations, classified into four different types (inlay or onlay, veneers (Vs), single crowns (SCs), and fixed partial dentures (FPDs)), were used. All were made of lithium disilicate (IPS e.Max CAD) with Cerec Inlab CAD/CAM system (Sirona Dental Systems, Bensheim, Germany). They were reported by dentists and entered in the database of the private B&R Dental Center between March 2015 and June 2020 and assessed retrospectively up to a period of 5 years based on the following parameters: failure rate and cause of failures (ceramic fracture, debonding, marginal adaptation, color match, endodontic intervention, periodontal disease, and secondary caries). Failure distribution according to gender, arch, and teeth type was also evaluated. The time-dependent time-to-failure/complication and their differences were calculated in months according to the Kaplan Meier and log-rank tests. The Chi-squared test (p 0.05) was used to assess the variations in causes of failure rates between different restorations.

Results
Kaplan Meier test showed overall cumulative survival probability of lithium disilicate restorations for up to years was 85.08%. Inlay/onlay and Vs ceramic restorations showed highest cumulative survival probability (99.4%, 98.6, respectively). FPDs had the least cumulative survival probability (52.9%) which was significantly (P < 0.00001) higher than for other ceramic restorations using the log-rank test. Moreover, overall time-dependent time-to-failure/complication occurred after 52.373 months according to Kaplan–Meier (CI: lower bound: 51.875 months; upper bound: 52.871 months). Ceramic fracture in both FPDs and SCs (27.6% and 26.6%, respectively) and debonding in Vs (12.7%) were significant as the main reasons for failure (P = 0.000). The failure rate was significantly higher for the maxillary arch than the mandibular arch (P = 0.021). Fracture and marginal discrepancy were more frequent in the molar region (77.5% and 14.75%, respectively) and significantly higher here than in the anterior and premolar regions (P = 0.000).

Conclusion
The medium-term performance of lithium disilicate is ideal. Ceramic fracture was the most common cause of failure in SCs and FPDs. FPDs presented with the highest failure rate based on evaluation for up to 5 years.
An assessment of Polish women’s level of knowledge about endometriosis: a pilot study
Authors: Szymańska Joanna , Dąbrowska-Galas Magdalena 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIntroductionInsufficient knowledge about endometriosis among women is one of the causes of its delayed diagnoses. Due to the elusiveness of symptoms, the most important component of early detection is proper and exhaustive knowledge. The objective of the study was to assess Polish women's awareness of endometriosis.MethodsThe pilot studies were performed with the participation of 200 women, in an average age of 33.65 years (SD = 11.45), who completed the authors’ questionnaire related to self-assessment of the level of knowledge about the disease, its symptoms, late effects and directions of a remediation procedure. The statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 25 suite. It included a frequency analysis, a one-way analysis of variance ANOVA, a single variable regression analysis and Student’st-test for independent samples.ResultsAlmost 84% of women had heard about endometriosis, while only 1/3 of them considered their knowledge sufficient or good. Very good knowledge was declared by 4.5% of women, while 16.1% of participants had never heard about it. The level of knowledge was significantly higher (p = 0.001) among women with medical education. Polish women acquired their knowledge mainly from the Internet and the experience of other women. The reasons identified by women were the still existing ‘taboo’ related to menstruation, the absence of information in the media and education in schools, which is critical according to 92.4% of women.ConclusionsPolish women’s level of knowledge about endometriosis is insufficient, which we should strive to improve. Higher awareness is presented by women with medical education, and the higher the level of knowledge, the larger a woman’s interest in healthy behaviour.
Attitudes on euthanasia among medical students and doctors in Sri Lanka: a cross sectional study
Authors: Herath H. M. M. T. B. , Wijayawardhana K. W. S. M. , Wickramarachchi U. I. , Rodrigo Chaturaka 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Euthanasia is a topic of intense ethical debate and it is illegal in most countries at present, including Sri Lanka. The aim of this descriptive cross-sectional study of medical students and practicing doctors was to explore the acceptance of euthanasia and physician assisted suicide (PAS), and factors influencing this opinion.

Methods
A customised online questionnaire which explored opinions on euthanasia was administered to first and final year medical undergraduates in University of Colombo and practicing doctors with more than 5 years of work experience at The National Hospital of Sri Lanka. Attitudes on euthanasia and PAS were also assessed with the attitudes towards euthanasia (ATE) Scale, which is a 10-item questionnaire.

Results
A total of 425 individuals responded (males: 178, 42%, age: median – 27 years), which included 143 (33.6%) first-year medical undergraduates, 141 (33.2%) final-year medical undergraduates and 141 (33.2%) practicing doctors. More participants (200, 47.1%) favoured legalizing euthanasia than those directly opposing it (110, 25.9%), but a significant proportion (27%) remained undecided. The mean scores of ATE questionnaire from the whole sample were generally unfavourable towards euthanasia/PAS. Accepting euthanasia as an option for oneself (p =  < 0.001) was the strongest predictor of favouring euthanasia/PAS or supporting its legalization.

Conclusion
In this cross-sectional survey, more respondents supported legalisation of euthanasia in Sri Lanka than those openly opposing it. Yet, a significant minority that responded as “undecided” for legalisation, were more likely to have unfavourable ATE.
PIWIL4 and SUPT5H combine to predict prognosis and immune landscape in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Zou Wenbo , Wang Zizheng , Zhang Xiuping , Xu Shuai , Wang Fei , Li Lincheng , Deng Zhaoda , Wang Jing , Pan Ke , Ge Xinlan , Li Chonghui , Liu Rong , Hu Minggen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Background
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a fatal primary liver cancer, and its long-term survival rate remains poor. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play an important role in critical cellular processes, failure of any one or more processes can lead to the development of multiple cancers. This study aimed to explore pivotal biomarkers and corresponding mechanisms to predict the prognosis of patients with ICC.

Methods
The transcriptomic and clinical information of patients were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. Bioinformatic methods were used to identify survival-related and differentially-expressed biomarkers. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression levels of key biomarkers in independent real-world cohorts. Subsequently, a prognostic signature was constructed that effectively distinguished patients in the high- and low-risk groups. Independent prognosis analysis was used to verify the signature’s independent predictive capabilities, and two nomograms were developed to predict survival.

Results
PIWIL4 and SUPT5H were identified and considered as pivotal biomarkers, and the same expression trends of upregulation in ICC were also validated via qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in the separate real-world sample cohorts. The prognostic signature showed good predictive capabilities according to the area under the curve. The correlation of the biomarkers with the tumour microenvironment suggested that the high riskScore was positively related to the enrichment of resting natural killer cells and activated memory CD4 + T cells.

Conclusion
In the present study, we demonstrated that PIWIL4 and SUPT5H could be used as novel prognostic biomarkers to develop a prognostic signature. This study provides potential biomarkers of prognostic value for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.