bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Normative reference values of handgrip strength for Brazilian older people aged 65 to 90 years: Evidence from the multicenter Fibra‑BR study
Authors: Reichenheim Michael Eduardo , Lourenço Roberto Alves , Nascimento Janaína Santos , Moreira Virgílio Garcia , Neri Anita Liberalesso , Ribeiro Rodrigo Martins , Lustosa Lygia Paccini , Ferriolli Eduardo 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundHandgrip strength (HGS) is an indicator of muscle strength, suited for evaluating the aging process. Its use depends on the availability of reliable normative reference values (NRV). The main objective of this study is to provide NRV of HGS for Brazilians aged 65 to 90 years.MethodsParticipants were from the Frailty in Brazilian Older People research. 2,999 successful aging (SA) participants comprised the development sample. HGS was measured using a hydraulic dynamometer. Obtaining NRV involved regressing HGS on age per sex-height strata, fitting separate fractional polynomial (FP) models for the mean and coefficient of variation. Model fit was assessed via standardized residuals, probability/quantile plots, and comparing observed to normal expected percentages of participants falling within specified centile intervals. For validation, the latter procedure was applied to 2,369 unsuccessfully aging (UA) participants.ResultsAcross strata, the best-fitting models for the means were FP of power 1. FP models for the CV indicated age invariance, entailing steady heteroscedastic age decline in SD since coefficients for the means were negative and SD = CV×mean. All models adjusted well. Centiles distributions for the SA and UA populations showed anticipated patterns, respectively falling on and below the normative expected centile references. Results (NRV) are presented in tables and centile charts. Equations are also provided.ConclusionNRV/charts may be endorsed for routine use, while still tested further. They would aid professionals caring for older people, not only to identify those at risk and eligible for immediate provisions, but also in planning prevention and rehabilitation measures.
Project20: Does continuity of care and community-based antenatal care improve maternal and neonatal birth outcomes for women with social risk factors? A prospective, observational study
Authors: Rayment-Jones Hannah , Dalrymple Kathryn , Harris James , Harden Angela , Parslow Elidh , Georgi Thomas , Sandall Jane 
Published: May 2021

Background
Social factors associated with poor childbirth outcomes and experiences of maternity care include minority ethnicity, poverty, young motherhood, homelessness, difficulty speaking or understanding English, migrant or refugee status, domestic violence, mental illness and substance abuse. It is not known what specific aspects of maternity care work to improve the maternal and neonatal outcomes for these under-served, complex populations.

Methods
This study aimed to compare maternal and neonatal clinical birth outcomes for women with social risk factors accessing different models of maternity care. Quantitative data on pregnancy and birth outcome measures for 1000 women accessing standard care, group practice and specialist models of care at two large, inner-city maternity services were prospectively collected and analysed using multinominal regression. The level of continuity of care and place of antenatal care were used as independent variables to explore these potentially influential aspects of care. Outcomes adjusted for women’s social and medical risk factors and the service attended.

Results
Women who received standard maternity care were significantly less likely to use water for pain relief in labour (RR 0.11, CI 0.02–0.62) and have skin to skin contact with their baby shortly after birth (RR 0.34, CI 0.14–0.80) compared to the specialist model of care. Antenatal care based in the hospital setting was associated with a significant increase in preterm birth (RR 2.38, CI 1.32–4.27) and low birth weight (RR 2.31, CI 1.24–4.32), and a decrease in induction of labour (RR 0.65, CI 0.45–0.95) compared to community-based antenatal care, this was despite women’s medical risk factors. A subgroup analysis found that preterm birth was increased further for women with the highest level of social risk accessing hospital-based antenatal care (RR 3.11, CI1.49–6.50), demonstrating the protective nature of community-based antenatal care.

Conclusions
This research highlights how community-based antenatal care, with a focus on continuity of carer reduced health inequalities and improved maternal and neonatal clinical outcomes for women with social risk factors. The findings support the current policy drive to increase continuity of midwife-led care, whilst adding that community-based care may further improve outcomes for women at increased risk of health inequalities. The relationship between community-based models of care and neonatal outcomes require further testing in future research. The identification of specific mechanisms such as help-seeking and reduced anxiety, to explain these findings are explored in a wider evaluation.
RISCOS E POSSIBILIDADES DO ATIVISMO JUDICIAL NA DEMOCRACIA
Authors: Gesta Leal Rogério 
Published: May 2021

RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho é verificar em que medida é possível conciliar ativismo judicial e democracia, considerando principalmente os desafios que se apresentam as relações sociais contemporâneas. A justificativa desta proposta se sustenta no fato de que o Poder Judiciário tem sido cada vez mais procurado para dar conta de demandas envolvendo as insuficiências das politicas públicas governamentais em face de direitos fundamentais. Demarcamos como problema da abordagem verificar se é possível superar eventuais tensões entre o excesso de ativismo judicial e a democracia enquanto representação politica também institucional de outros poderes, e como hipótese a premissa de que deva-se adotar, para a solução do problema, perspectiva ampliada da atuação do Poder Judiciário a partir da compreensão igualmente oxigenada da Democracia e dos seus outros legítimos protagonistas, sob pena do esvaziamento de instancias importantes de deliberação e decisão política quotidiano. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho foi a hipotética dedutiva.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Ativismo Judicial; Democracia; Representação PolíticaABSTRACTThe objective of this work is to verify to what extent it is possible to conciliate judicial activism and democracy, considering mainly the challenges presented by contemporary social relations. The justification of this proposal is based on the fact that the Judiciary has been increasingly sought to deal with demands involving the inadequacies of governmental public policies in the face of fundamental rights. We point out as a problem of the approach to verify if it is possible to overcome possible tensions between the excess of judicial activism and democracy as a political representation also institutional of other powers, and as a hypothesis the premise that it should be adopted, for the solution of the problem, the oxygenated understanding of Democracy and its other legitimate protagonists, under penalty of emptying important instances of deliberation and daily political decision. The methodology used in this work was the hypothetical deductive. KEY-WORDS: Judicial Activism; Democracy; Political Representation
O EMBONDEIRO E A TOLERÂNCIA
Authors: Lacerda Tanure Augusto , Campos Galuppo Marcelo 
Published: May 2021

RESUMO O presente artigo têm como objetivo discutir a tolerância e seus limites no tocante à liberdade de expressão. Questionará a possibilidade ou impossibilidade de definir quais discursos deveriam disputar o mercado de ideias democrático. Para tanto, tecerá reflexões a partir do texto: “O embondeiro que sonhava pássaros” de Mia Couto, contrapondo-o às ideias sobre tolerância de Jeremy Waldron em “The Harm in Hate Speech” e Andrew Jason Cohen em “Toleration and Freedom From Harm”. Pretende-se demonstrar que a liberdade de expressão é essencial à tolerância, sendo que suas limitações devem ser as mínimas possíveis. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: tolerância; liberdade de expressão; identidade; violência ABSTRACTThis article aims to discuss tolerance and its limits with regard to freedom of expression. It will question the possibility or impossibility of defining which speeches should compete for the democratic ideas market. To this end, it will uses “O embondeiro que sonhava pássaros” by Mia Couto, contrasting it with the ideas about toleration by Jeremy Waldron in “The Harm in Hate Speech” and Andrew Jason Cohen in “Toleration and Freedom From Harm”. It is intended to demonstrate that freedom of expression is essential to toleration, and its limitations should be kept to a minimum. KEY-WORDS: toleration; freedom of expression; identity; violence
Becoming scholars in an online cohort of a PhD in nursing program
Authors: Paul Pauline , Olson Joanne K. , Spiers Jude , Hyde Ashley 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The goal of this descriptive qualitative study was to examine the views of students about their experience and development as scholars during the first two years of an online cohort nursing doctoral program. A secondary goal was to seek the views of faculty members very involved in the program. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 of the 13 students of the first two online cohorts and five faculty members. Four themes emerged from the data: adjusting to the program; the group as emotional and academic support; reflections on teaching and learning; and becoming a scholar. The findings suggest that the students were developing as scholars, and that the cohort model was a source of support for them. Similar to other PhD students, transition into doctoral education necessitated finding a new balance between other commitments and doctoral studies. Providing opportunities to engage with faculty outside of courses is important.
GaAs electro-optic absorption modulators performance evaluation, under high-temperature variations
Authors: Eid Mahmoud M. A. , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki , Sorathiya Vishal , Lavadiya Sunil , Habib Md. Ahasan , Amiri Iraj Sadegh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This work presents the gallium arsenide (GaAs) electro-optic absorption (EA) modulators performance evaluation compared to the previous models with SiGe EA modulators under high-temperature variations. The average switching speed is studied and analyzed for both EAs. The consumed energy or power per bit is taken into account for both modulators. The modulation depth and transmission coefficient are studied for both previous and proposed EAs with 250 Gb/s at room temperature. The technical performance parameters are also analyzed such as insertion loss, modulation depth, output power, contrast ratio, transmission coefficient, and power length product for both previous and proposed EAs under high-temperature variations. The study assured that to get the optimum GaAs EAs performance efficiency, the modulator length and the thickness should be values of 50 and 5 mm, respectively at room temperature.
A review of upgradation of energy-efficient sustainable commercial greenhouses in Middle East climatic conditions
Authors: Subin Mattara Chalill , Chowdhury Snehaunshu , Karthikeyan Ramanujam 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Greenhouse farming is considered as one of the most scientific approaches in agriculture, which are suitable for all climatic conditions, especially in Middle East, North America, and Europe. Sustainable greenhouses are innovative farming facilities for healthy vegetables and fruits in a controlled, conditioned indoor space. This article presents a literature review on the upgradation of a conventional to a sustainable greenhouse using modern engineering concept. This includes maintaining fully controlled indoor conditions such as temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity for specific agronomical parameters. The influence and improvements in upgradation of various heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) with the associated control systems and covering materials to reduce the energy consumption have been reviewed. Financial viability of conventional as well as upgraded greenhouses is highlighted. In Middle East climatic conditions, the major challenge is to control the optimal range of temperature (18–21°C), relative humidity (55 to 75%), and air velocity (0–1.3 m/s). It is found that the upgraded HVAC systems with climate control modules can increase the crop yield by 30%. Scientifically selected polycarbonate sheet covering materials are also found to increase the crop yield by up to 15% more than the conventional commercial greenhouses.
Light field illumination: Problem-specific lighting adjustment
Authors: Kludt Christian , Längle Thomas , Beyerer Jürgen 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Choosing a proper lighting approach is a crucial task in designing visual inspection systems. It becomes especially challenging for complex-shaped, transparent objects, which change the directional distribution of incoming light in various ways. We overcome this challenge by constructing a light field display and deploy it as a highly tunable lighting device. Thereby, an object-specific light field can be generated, which highlights the features of the object under test with maximum contrast. We explain the calibration procedure, the rendering pipeline and present examples of customized illuminations.
Lenvatinib as First-line Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Impaired Liver Function in Advanced Liver Cirrhosis: Real World Data and Experience of a Tertiary Hepatobiliary Center
Authors: Cosma Lidia-Sabina , Weigand Kilian , Müller-Schilling Martina , Kandulski Arne 
Published: May 2021

Background and Aims: Lenvatinib is a multikinase inhibitor approved for systemic first line treatment of hepatocellular cancer (HCC) in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis (LC) and unaltered liver function. We aimed to evaluate the efficiency and tolerability of lenvatinib in patients with HCC in a real world setting, also including patients with advanced LC and impaired liver function.
Methods: Retrospectively, 35 patients with HCC BCLC stages B, C and D were screened. After drop-out and exclusion of patients not receiving active treatment for > 2 weeks, 28 patients (27 male; median age 64.7) with advanced HCC and LC were included in the analysis.
Results: Fourteen patients (male, median age 62.7) treated had Child-Pugh class B LC, while the other 12 patients had a good liver function Child-Pugh class A (male, median age 68.8). Two patients had advanced Child-Pugh class C LC. The patients received an escalating dosing scheme of lenvatinib up to 12 mg/d. The tolerability of lenvatinib was similar in most of the patients, with no significant difference between the subgroups. Median survival was better in patients with Child-Pugh A LC (p=0.003). More than 60% of the patients with Child-Pugh A were still on treatment at the time of data analysis with a median follow-up of 274 ± 117.5 days compared with 153 days (95%CI: 88.3 – 217.7) in patients with Child-Pugh B and 30 days in Child-Pugh C. The survival benefit correlated significantly with less impaired liver function (p=0.003).
Conclusion: Tolerability and toxicity of lenvatinib are similar in patients withChild-Pugh class A and class B LC, but patients with less impaired liver function have a better survival benefit.
What is the Optimal Method Assessing for Persistent Villous Atrophy in Adult Coeliac Disease?
Authors: Coleman Sarah Helen , Rej Anupam , Baggus Elisabeth Megan Rose , Lau Michelle S , Marks Lauren J , Hadjivassiliou Marios , Cross Simon S , Leffler Daniel A , Elli Luca , Sanders David Surendran 
Published: May 2021

Background and Aims: Methods of assessing gluten-free diet (GFD) adherence in adults with coeliac disease (CD) include serological testing, dietitian evaluation, questionnaires and repeat duodenal biopsies. Persisting villous atrophy (VA) is associated with CD complications, however gastroscopy with biopsies is expensive and invasive. This study aimed to assess the abilities of a duodenal bulb (D1) biopsy and the Celiac Dietary Adherence Test (CDAT) to detect persisting VA in adults with CD.
Methods: A prospective observational study of adult CD patients referred for follow-up duodenal biopsies was performed. Quadrantic biopsies were taken from the second part of the duodenum (D2), in addition to a D1 biopsy. Patients underwent follow-up serological testing, and completed the CDAT and Biagi Score. These non-invasive adherence markers were compared against duodenal histology.
Results: 368 patients (mean age 51.0 years, 70.1% female) had D1 and D2 biopsies taken at follow-up gastroscopy. Compared to D2 biopsies alone, additional D1 biopsies increased detection of VA by 10.4% (p<0.0001). 201 patients (mean age 50.3 years, 67.7% female) completed adherence questionnaires and serology. When detecting VA, sensitivities and specificities of these markers were 39.7% and 94.2% for IgA- tTG, 38.1% and 96.4% for IgA-EMA, 55.6% and 52.2% for CDAT and 20.6% and 96.4% for the Biagi score.
Conclusions: Bulbar biopsies increase detection of persisting VA by 10.4%. Serology, CDAT and Biagi performed poorly when predicting VA. The gold standard for predicting persisting VA remains repeat biopsy.
pengelolaan cyber public realations dalam membentuk corporate branding
Authors: Rismawati Eneng , Abidin Yusuf Zaenal , Dulwahab Encep 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menggambarkan mengenai tahap membagikan, mengoptimalkan, mengelola serta mengikutsertakan pada pengelolaan cyber public relations dalam membentuk corporate branding di PT Len Industri (Persero). Konsep yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu konsep model melingkar untuk sosial media menurut Regina Luttrell . Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan metode deksriptif dengan pendekatan kualitiatif. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu dengan wawancara, dan observasi. Hasil penelitian dilapangan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa praktisi humas PT Len Industri (Persero) dalam pengelolaan cyber public relations guna membentuk corporate branding memiliki empat tahapan yakni : 1) tahap membagikan konten terdiri dari: a) berpartisipasi menggunakan media sosial , b) saling terhubung dengan publik, c) membangun kepercayaan publik . 2) tahap pengoptimalan pesan yang dilakukan yakni dengan : a) melakukan pengecekan hashtag, b) melakukan postingan lima kali sehari, dan c) melakukan postingan yang memiliki unsur teknologi. 3) mengelola dibagi menjadi tiga, yaitu : a) media monitoring, b) interaksi dalam waktu yang sebenarnya, dan c) memberikan respon cepat. 4) mengikutsertakan publik dengan tiga unsure yaitu : a) menjalin hubungan dengan para influencer, b) mengetahui dimana dan siapa audiens, serta c) meraih target audiens.
Kata Kunci: Pengelolaan; Cyber Public Relations; Corporate Branding.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of to find out and describe the sharingstage,optimize,manage and engage in cyber public relations management in forming a corporate branding in PT Len Industri (Persero). The concept used in this research is the concept of The Circular model of Some to Regina Luttrell. The research method using an adaptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection used in this study is by interview,and observation. The results of the research in the field can be concluded that PT Len Industri (Persero) public relations practitioners in the management of cyber public relations to form corporate branding has four stages : 1) The share stage consists of: a) participating in social media (participate), b) connect with public (connect), c) build public trust (build trust). 2) optimize phase messages that are carried out by: a) checking hashtag, b) posting five time a day, c) do posts that have technological elements. 3) The manage divided into: a) media monitoring, b) interaction in real time, c) provide quick response. 4) engage the public : a) establish a relationship with influencer, b) where and who is the audience, c) reach the target audience.
Keyword : Management; Cyber Public Relations.
Manajemen PR dalam Publikasi Produk Melalui Media Sosial
Authors: Yusuf Teguh Wiguna , Amin Dang Eif Saeful , Dewi Ratna 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana manajemen publikasi produk yang dilakukan oleh PR Perum Perhutani divisi regional Jawa Barat dan Banten sehingga manajemen yang dikelolanya itu bisa berhasil dan sukses dilakukan tanpa adanya hambatan yang berarti sehingga bisa mengganggu keberlangsungan publikasi tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep dari Menurut Cutlip-Center-Broom (Morrisan, 2008 : 108), yaitu terdapat empat fungsi manajemen, yaitu “(1)penentuan masalah (2)perencanaan (3)pelaksanaan (4)evaluasi”. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif serta menggunakan metode fenomenologi dan untuk mengumpulkan data penulis melakukan wawancara serta observasi. Hasil yang penulis dapat ketika melakukan penelitian adalah dalam penentuan masalah menentukan pembuatan publikasi produk, persetujuan oleh direksi. Perencanaannya dengan menunggu anggaran dana, menentukan konsep dan kesiapan produk. Pelaksanaannya yakni menggunakan media sosial instagram dan facebook untuk publikasi produk, kerjasama antar berbagai pihak, lalu penempatan dan pembaharuan. Dengan demikian evaluasinya semua aspek internal, analisis memakai data statistic dan koreksi pada publikasi ini apakah dikenal dan diminati oleh masyarakat atau tidak.
Kata Kunci: Manajemen PR; Publikasi; Media Sosial
ABSTRACT
The research was conducted aimed at finding out how the management of product publications was carried out by PR Perum Perhutani, the regional division of West Java and Banten so that the management they managed could succeed and succeed without any significant obstacles that could disrupt the continuity of the publication. This study uses the concept of According to Cutlip-Center-Broom (Morris, 2008: 108), namely there are four management functions, namely "(1) determination of the problem (2) planning (3) implementation (4) evaluation". The approach used is a qualitative approach and uses the phenomenology method and to collect data the author conducts interviews and observations. The results that the author can when conducting research are in determining the problem of determining the manufacture of product publications, approval by the directors. Planning by waiting for the budget, determining the concept and product readiness. The implementation is using Instagram social media and Facebook for product publication, collaboration between various parties, then placement and renewal. Thus the evaluation of all internal aspects, the analysis uses statistical data and corrections to this publication whether or not it is known and sought by the public.
Keywords: PR Management; Publication; Social media