bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Landscape of microenvironment in Randall’s plaque by single-cell sequencing
Authors: Liu Zezhen , Duan Xiaolu , Sun Xinyuan , Zhong Jiehui , Zhong Wen , Yu Bangxian , Zhao Zhijian , Mai Zanlin , Liu Hongxing , Li Shujue , Wu Wenqi , Zeng Guohua 
Published: May 2021

AbstractRandall’s plaque is significantly associated with the occurrence of nephrolithiasis. However, the microenvironment of Randall’s plaque is poorly characterized. To investigate the microenvironment of Randall’s plaque, we analyzed single-cell RNA data of 3 Randall’s plaque and 3 normal renal papillae tissue and identified 11 different cell types. We screened differentially expressed genes among all cell types between Randall’s plaque and normal renal papillae. The microenvironment showed two cell types with multiple stone formation-associated transcriptomic programs. Contrary to previous studies, we did not observe macrophage M1/M2 imbalance. Notably, we detected ossification-associated macrophage is enriched in Randall’s plaque and validated GPNMB and ACP5 were potential biomarkers on the ossification-associated macrophage. We also identified an endothelial subset harboring active communication (COL15A1+ PCDH17+ endothelial, DPECs) with other cells. Together with Immunofluorescence, we validated ossification-associated macrophage and DPECs are enriched in Randall’s plaque tissue. Finally, cell-to-cell communication revealed that Loop of Henle, DPECs, and osteoblasts-associated macrophages was the main source of SPP1 signaling. Our work will further the understanding of the microenvironment among Randall’s plaque tissues and provide deep insight into immune modulation.
Competition between distinct ApoE alleles and mCRP for the endothelial receptor CD31 differentially regulates neurovascular inflammation and Alzheimer’s disease pathology
Authors: Zhang Zhengrong , Na Hana , Gan Qini , Tao Qiushan , Alekseyev Yuriy , Hu Junming , Yan Zili , Yang Jack B. , Tian Hua , Zhu Shenyu , li Qiang , Rajab Ibraheem M. , Blusztajn Jan Krizysztof , Wolozin Benjamin , Emili Andrew , Zhang Xiaoling , Stein Thor , Potempa Lawrence A. , Qiu Wei Qiao 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDC-reactive protein (CRP) in peripheral inflammation is associated with increased Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk in Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4), but not ApoE3 or E2, humans. It remains unknown whether peripheral monomeric CRP (mCRP) induces AD pathogenesis through some receptor of blood-facing endothelia in the brain in an ApoE genotype dependent fashion.METHODSWe used human samples, ApoE knock-in and deficient mouse models, and primary brain endothelia. Different ApoE mice were intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with mCRP. The characterizations by immunostaining, proximity ligation assay (PLA) and siRNA were conducted to identify the receptor for mCRP. Brain microvessel and endothelia were isolated for RNA sequencing to explore the molecular pathway.RESULTSWe demonstrate that CD31 (PECAM-1), a blood-facing endothelial receptor in brain, is a competitive target of both mCRP and ApoE protein. ApoE2 competes more strongly with mCRP for CD31 than ApoE4 does, and expressing ApoE4 or knocking out ApoE gene results in higher levels of mCRP-CD31 binding, leading to a decrease of CD31 expression but an increase in CD31 phosphorylation, along with greater cerebrovascular damage and AD pathology. This competitive binding mediates differential endothelial molecular responses depending on ApoE genotype, increasing cerebrovascular inflammation and mitochondria impairment in ApoE4 mice, while inducing vasculogenesis and protective changes in the presence of ApoE2.CONCLUSIONSOur study reveals a novel and dynamic endothelial ApoE-mCRP-CD31 pathway for AD pathogenesis during chronic inflammation and provides some insight into the opposing ApoE4-neurodegenerative and ApoE2-neuroprotective effects in AD.Clinical PerspectiveWHAT IS NEW?CD31 is a competitive target of both mCRP and ApoE in brain endothelia in an ApoE-allele dependent patternmCRP increases CD31 phosphorylation in the brain endothelia and damages cerebrovasculature in ApoE4 carriers and AD brainsmCRP expression results in neuroprotective or neurodegenerative pathway activation in an ApoE-dependent mannerWHAT ARE THE CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS?Although ApoE4 is a major genetic risk factor of AD, some ApoE4 carriers do not develop AD by the age of 90.Elderly people often experience peripheral inflammatory attacks and develop chronic low-grade inflammation, which results in the formation and release of mCRP. Because CRP is routine clinical laboratory test, clinicians can use blood CRP level to predict AD risk in ApoE4 carriers.Evidence of Apoe4 genotype and chronic low-grade inflammation stages marked by elevated CRP levels should be targeted in personalized treatment and clinical trials for AD.
Impact of actuators backlash on the helicopter control during landing on the moving vessel deck
Authors: Topczewski Sebastian , Żugaj Marcin , Bibik Przemyslaw 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to test the performance of the control system developed for the helicopter automatic approach and landing on the moving vessel deck, when different values of backlashes are applied to the four control actuators.

Design/methodology/approach
The system consists of automatic control algorithm based on the linear quadratic regulator and the vessel motion prediction algorithm based on autoregressive method with parameters calculated using Burg’s method. Necessary navigation data is provided by on-board inertial navigation system/Global Positioning System. Calculated control commands are executed by four electromechanical actuators. Performance of the mission, which is based on selected procedure of approach and landing of the helicopter on the moving vessel deck, is analyzed taking into account different values of backlashes applied to the actuators.

Findings
In this paper, a description of the control system dedicated for automatic approach and landing of the helicopter on the moving vessel deck is shown. Necessary information about helicopter dynamic model, control system and vessel motion model is included. Tests showing influence of actuator backlashes on the mission performance are presented.

Practical implications
The developed control methodology can be adapted for selected helicopter and used in prospective development of an automatic flight control system (AFCS) or in a simulator. The system can be used to define in which conditions helicopter can perform safe and successful automatic approach and landing on a moving vessel deck.

Originality/value
In this paper, an integrated control system is presented; influence of the control actuator backlashes on the mission performance is analyzed.
High-quality factor multipath differential fractal inductor for wireless applications
Authors: Tumma Sunil Kumar , Nistala Bheema Rao 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to develop a high-quality factor fractal inductor for wireless applications such as satellite, WLAN, Bluetooth, microwave, radar and cellular phone.

Design/methodology/approach
The Hilbert fractal curve is used in the implementation of the proposed inductor. In the proposed inductor, the metal width has split into multiple paths based on the skin depth of the metal. The simulations of the proposed inductor are performed in 180 nm CMOS technology using the Advanced Design System EM simulator.

Findings
The multipath technique reduces the skin effects and proximity effects, which, in turn, decreases the series resistance of the inductor and attains high-quality factor over conventional fractal inductor for the equal on-chip area.

Research limitations/implications
The width of the path has chosen higher than the skin depth of the metal for a required operating frequency. Due to cost constraints, the manufacturing of the proposed fractal inductor is limited to a single layer.

Practical implications
The proposed inductor will be useful for the implementation of critical building blocks of radio frequency integrated circuits and monolithic microwave integrated circuits such as low-noise amplifiers, voltage-controlled oscillators, mixers, filters and power amplifiers.

Originality/value
This paper presents for the first time the use of a multipath technique for the fractal inductors to enhance the quality factor.
Fostering individual creativity in startups: comprehensive performance measurement systems, role clarity and strategic flexibility
Authors: Frare Anderson Betti , Beuren Ilse Maria 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of comprehensive performance measurement systems (PMS), role clarity and strategic flexibility on the individual creativity of founders/managers of startups.

Design/methodology/approach
The research population comprises 611 Brazilian startups in the e-commerce, retail and wholesale segments. One owner/manager of each startup was contacted by the survey, obtaining 91 valid responses. For data analysis, symmetric and asymmetric techniques were applied, respectively: partial least squares-structural equation modeling and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis.

Findings
The findings show that the comprehensive PMS is an important predictor of individual creativity, role clarity and strategic flexibility. Role clarity has a direct effect on creativity and promotes partial mediation between comprehensive PMS and creativity. Comprehensive PMS and role clarity are of great importance and have high performance in favor of creativity, while strategic flexibility has high performance, but is of low importance. Several causal combinations promote high individual creativity.

Practical implications
It offers founders/managers an insight into the aspects that are worth of efforts to foster individual creativity in their startup.

Originality/value
The key contribution of the study is that the comprehensive PMS, which includes financial, non-financial and other measures for product and process innovation, can directly and indirectly (through role clarity) influence individual creativity.
The sharing economy: a hedge against recession setbacks
Authors: Habibi Mohammad Reza , Kohli Chiranjeev S. 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to provide lessons from the emergence of the sharing economy after the 2008 recession and helps managers prepare more effectively for recessions in the future.

Design/methodology/approach
In this conceptual paper, the authors build on research on the sharing economy and study the best practices contributing to the sharing economy’s emergence and growth after the 2008 recession. The authors identify the key characteristics of this new economic sector and share lessons that can be used by other companies.

Findings
The authors recommend five major takeaways: seeking a more flexible supply; actively watching the trends; leveraging customers like employees; using advanced data science and technology like the sharing economy companies; and proactively avoiding panicked responses. This will help companies succeed during recessionary times – and the boom times that follow.

Originality/value
This is the first paper that, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, investigates the interplay between the sharing economy and recession and highlights practical lessons.
Life dissatisfaction among students: exploring the role of intrapersonal conflict, insufficient efforts and academic stress
Authors: Anju Anju , Amandeep Amandeep , Punia B.K. , Punia Vandana , Garg Naval 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
The study focuses on academic stress among the students due to insufficient efforts and intrapersonal conflicts amid the COVID-19 situation. The purpose of this study is to measure the mediating role of academic stress between life dissatisfaction and adequate steps and intrapersonal conflicts.

Design/methodology/approach
The researcher had surveyed 729 students from the two states, including Haryana and Punjab and 716 responses were used for analysis. These respondents were approached in April–May 2020 to explore the impact of COVID-19. The questionnaire was prepared with the help of Google form, including 29 questions. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to validate the research model and for testing the hypothesis.

Findings
The findings indicate that intra-personal conflict and insufficient efforts have a significant positive relation with academic stress. Also, intrapersonal conflict and insufficient efforts have a significant positive relation with life dissatisfaction. It has been reported that academic stress mediates the relationship between life dissatisfaction and intra-personal conflict. The results also reveal that academic stress is positively and significantly associated with life dissatisfaction.

Originality/value
This is one of the few studies that explored the mediating role of academic stress between life dissatisfaction and insufficient efforts and intrapersonal conflicts.
Novel antimicrobial materials designed for the 3D printing of medical devices used during the COVID-19 crisis
Authors: Furka Samuel , Furka Daniel , Dadi Nitin Chandra Teja Chandra Teja , Palacka Patrik , Hromníková Dominika , Dueñas Santana Julio Ariel , Pineda Javier Díaz , Casas Saul Dueñas , Bujdák Juraj 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
This study aims to describe the preparation of antimicrobial material usable in 3D printing of medical devices. Despite the wealth of technological progress at the time of the crisis caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus: Virus that causes current Pandemic situation (COVID-19), the global population had long been exposed beforehand to an acute absence of essential medical devices. As a response, a new type of composite materials intended for rapid prototyping, based on layered silicate saponite (Sap), antimicrobial dye phloxine B (PhB) and thermoplastics, has been recently developed.

Design/methodology/approach
Sap was modified with a cationic surfactant and subsequently functionalized with PhB. The hybrid material in powder form was then grounded with polyethylene terephthalate-glycol (PETG) or polylactic acid (PLA) in a precisely defined weight ratio and extruded into printing filaments. The stability and level of cytotoxicity of these materials in various physiological environments simulating the human body have been studied. The applicability of these materials in bacteria and a yeast-infected environment was evaluated.

Findings
Ideal content of the hybrid material, with respect to thermoplastic, was 15 weight %. Optimal printing temperature and speed, with respect to maintaining antimicrobial activity of the prepared materials, were T = 215°C at 50 mm/s for PETG/SapPhB and T = 230°C at 40 mm/s for PLA/SapPhB. 3 D-printed air filters made of these materials could keep inner air flow at 63.5% and 76.8% of the original value for the PLA/SapPhB and PETG/SapPhB, respectively, whereas the same components made without PhB had a 100% reduction of airflow.

Practical implications
The designed materials can be used for rapid prototyping of medical devices.

Originality/value
The new materials have been immediately used in the construction of an emergency lung ventilator, Q-vent, which has been used in different countries during the COVID-19 crisis.
Commentary on “Older carers of people with learning disabilities: their experiences with local authority assessment processes and personnel”
Authors: Gant Valerie 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a commentary on “Older carers of people with learning disabilities: their experiences with local authority assessment processes and personnel” written by Rachel Forrester-Jones.

Design/methodology/approach
This commentary considers the experiences of older carers in the context of research, legislative and policy changes over the past 30+ years.

Findings
The needs of older carers of adults with learning disabilities are well recognised within the (limited) literature. Less attention has been given to practical strategies to identify and support such carers or to their broader family context.

Originality/value
This commentary highlights that assessors carrying out carers’ needs assessments should consider whether adults with learning disabilities are providing care to their older relative. The recognition of possible mutual or reciprocal care needs to be acknowledged and appropriate support offered.
Commentary on “Exploring new ways of thinking about and developing staff practice: the role of modes of thinking”
Authors: Wijnroks Lex 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a commentary on “Exploring new ways of thinking about and developing staff practice: the role of modes of thinking” written by Roy Deveau, John Ockenden and Petra Bjorne.

Design/methodology/approach
The commentary considers the consistency of Kahneman’s model of thinking fast and slow with brain research.

Findings
The thinking styles of staff undoubtedly influence their responses to people with learning disabilities. Although Kahneman’s model provides a heuristic approach to tackling prejudicial and biased thinking, it risks incomplete solutions through bypassing some of the factors contributing to staff behaviour.

Originality/value
This commentary concludes that Kahneman’s model is not completely consistent with knowledge about how the brain is organized. This should be regarded as a limitation of any model seeking to explain decision-making.
Exploring new ways of thinking about and developing staff practice: the role of modes of thinking
Authors: Deveau Roy , Ockenden John , Björne Petra 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
Nobel Prize winner Daniel Kahneman’s work on modes of “thinking” provides a comprehensive text which is little explored in respect of work with people who have an intellectual or developmental disability. This paper aims to explore the potential of this work to change staff development and practice.

Design/methodology/approach
Key themes from Thinking Fast, and Slow (Kahneman, 2011) are described and applied to current staff practice.

Findings
Modes of thinking are relevant and important to understanding and improving manager and staff practice.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to describe and understand staff thinking and practice using Kahneman’s ideas.
Commentary on “Political engagement in the 2019 UK general election of patients with autism and/or a learning disability detained in a psychiatric hospital”
Authors: Waltz Mitzi 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a commentary on the article “Political engagement in the 2019 UK general election of patients with autism and/or a learning disability detained in a psychiatric hospital”.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper considers the wider issue of political participation by persons with disabilities, especially those whose freedom is restricted.

Findings
Access to voting rights remains problematic for many disabled people. It is crucial that this basic form of political participation is ensured, but there is further to go.

Originality/value
This paper suggests the need for greater attention to and support for disabled peoples’ right to political participation, including people with learning disabilities and autism.
Sustainable tourism and the role of stakeholders in North Cyprus: a literature review
Authors: Ilkhanizadeh Shiva 
Published: May 2021

Purpose
This paper aims to identify the main stakeholders and the extent of their collaboration in the management of sustainable tourism policy planning practices in North Cyprus.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper provides a literature review of previous work.

Findings
This study recommends that the main stakeholder – national government – should actively involve a wider group of stakeholders in a collaborative effort to attain long-term sustainable development goals.

Originality/value
This is the first study to review the literature on sustainable development and the role of different stakeholders in North Cyprus.
Effects of wealth management products on bank risk in China: The role of audit committee effectiveness
Authors: Geng Hongyan , Cheng Maoyong , Zhang Junrui 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUsing data from 114 Chinese banks from 2009 to 2018, we examine the effects of wealth management products (WMPs) on bank risk and the role of audit committee effectiveness. Three main results emerge. First, WMPs increase bank risk, especially insolvency risk, portfolio risk, leverage risk, and ROA volatility. Second, the effects of WMPs on bank risk are weaker in banks whose audit committee members have more financial expertise or longer board tenures. Third, further results show that: (a) principal‐guaranteed WMPs have weaker effects on bank risk than principal‐floating WMPs; (b) the policy known as “Notice 8” issued in 2013 weakens the effects of WMPs on bank risk; and (c) short‐term WMPs have stronger effects on bank risk than medium‐term and long‐term WMPs.
Forced Rating Systems from Employee and Supervisor Perspectives
Authors: CARDINAELS EDDY , FEICHTER CHRISTOPH 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTMany firms use forced rating systems in which supervisors must evaluate employees according to a predefined distribution. We develop new theory suggesting that forced ratings are less likely to enhance performance when supervisors assess subjective dimensions of employee performance (e.g., creativity), but can have some harmful side effects. In a laboratory experiment, employees work on a creative task, and supervisors rate their performance. We do not find any difference in the employees’ performance or effort in a creative task setting between forced and free ratings. We do, however, find that forced ratings create higher stress for employees (ex post stress scales and biomarkers). Higher stress in turn mitigates the positive effect of effort on creativity. Furthermore, we find that actual creativity explains less of supervisors’ ratings of employees’ performance under forced ratings. Instead, factors that are unrelated to actual creativity, such as eloquent writing and strategic gaming behavior, matter more. Results of an additional online experiment confirm that forced ratings work differently in tasks where performance needs to be evaluated subjectively compared to tasks where objective measures are available.
The science of plant‐based foods: Constructing next‐generation meat, fish, milk, and egg analogs
Authors: McClements David Julian , Grossmann Lutz 
Published: May 2021

AbstractConsumers are increasingly demanding foods that are more ethical, sustainable and nutritious to improve the health of themselves and the planet. The food industry is currently undergoing a revolution, as both small and large companies pivot toward the creation of a new generation of plant‐based products to meet this consumer demand. In particular, there is an emphasis on the production of plant‐based foods that mimic those that omnivores are familiar with, such as meat, fish, egg, milk, and their products. The main challenge in this area is to simulate the desirable appearance, texture, flavor, mouthfeel, and functionality of these products using ingredients that are isolated entirely from botanical sources, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. The molecular, chemical, and physical properties of plant‐derived ingredients are usually very different from those of animal‐derived ones. It is therefore critical to understand the fundamental properties of plant‐derived ingredients and how they can be assembled into structures resembling those found in animal products. This review article provides an overview of the current status of the scientific understanding of plant‐based foods and highlights areas where further research is required. In particular, it focuses on the chemical, physical, and functional properties of plant‐derived ingredients; the processing operations that can be used to convert these ingredients into food products; and, the science behind the formulation of vegan meat, fish, eggs, and milk alternatives.