bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implicit Aspect-Based Opinion Mining and Analysis of Airline Industry Based on User-Generated Reviews
Authors: Verma Kanishk , Davis Brian 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMining opinions from reviews has been a field of ever-growing research. These include mining opinions on document level, sentence level and even aspect level. While explicitly mentioned aspects from user-generated texts have been widely researched, very little work has been done in gathering opinions on aspects that are implied and not explicitly mentioned. Previous work to identify implicit aspects and opinion was limited to syntactic-based classifiers or other machine learning methods trained on restaurant dataset. In this paper, the present is a novel study for extracting and analysing implicit aspects and opinions from airline reviews in English. Through this study, an airline domain-specific aspect-based annotated corpus, and a novel two-way technique that first augments pre-trained word embeddings for sequential with stochastic gradient descent optimized conditional random fields (CRF) and second using machine and ensemble learning algorithms to classify the implied aspects is devised and developed. This two-way technique resolves double-implicit problem, most encountered by previous work in implicit aspect and opinion text mining. Experiments with a hold-out test set on the first level i.e., entity extraction by optimized CRF yield a result of ROC-AUC score of 96% and F1 score of 94% outperforming few baseline systems. Further experiments with a range of machine and ensemble learning classifier algorithms to classify implied aspects and opinions for each entity yields a result of ROC-AUC score ranging from 71 to 94.8% for all implied entities. This two-level technique for implicit aspect extraction and classification outperforms many baseline systems in this domain.
Addressing personal protective equipment (PPE) decontamination: Methylene blue and light inactivates severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on N95 respirators and medical masks with maintenance of integrity and fit
Authors: Lendvay Thomas Sean , Chen James , Harcourt Brian H. , Scholte Florine E. M. , Lin Ying Ling , Kilinc-Balci F. Selcen , Lamb Molly M. , Homdayjanakul Kamonthip , Cui Yi , Price Amy , Heyne Belinda , Sahni Jaya , Kabra Kareem B. , Lin Yi-Chan , Evans David , Mores Christopher N. , Page Ken , Chu Larry F. , Haubruge Eric , Thiry Etienne , Ludwig-Begall Louisa F. , Wielick Constance , Clark Tanner , Wagner Thor , Timm Emily , Gallagher Thomas , Faris Peter , Macia Nicolas , Mackie Cyrus J. , Simmons Sarah M. , Reader Susan , Malott Rebecca , Hope Karen , Davies Jan M. , Tritsch Sarah R. , Dams Lorène , Nauwynck Hans , Willaert Jean-Francois , De Jaeger Simon , Liao Lei , Zhao Mervin , Laperre Jan , Jolois Olivier , Smit Sarah J. , Patel Alpa N. , Mayo Mark , Parker Rod , Molloy-Simard Vanessa , Lemyre Jean-Luc , Chu Steven , Conly John M. , Chu May C. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjective:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE), underscoring the urgent need for simple, efficient, and inexpensive methods to decontaminate masks and respirators exposed to severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We hypothesized that methylene blue (MB) photochemical treatment, which has various clinical applications, could decontaminate PPE contaminated with coronavirus.Design:The 2 arms of the study included (1) PPE inoculation with coronaviruses followed by MB with light (MBL) decontamination treatment and (2) PPE treatment with MBL for 5 cycles of decontamination to determine maintenance of PPE performance.Methods:MBL treatment was used to inactivate coronaviruses on 3 N95 filtering facepiece respirator (FFR) and 2 medical mask models. We inoculated FFR and medical mask materials with 3 coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2, and we treated them with 10 µM MB and exposed them to 50,000 lux of white light or 12,500 lux of red light for 30 minutes. In parallel, integrity was assessed after 5 cycles of decontamination using multiple US and international test methods, and the process was compared with the FDA-authorized vaporized hydrogen peroxide plus ozone (VHP+O3) decontamination method.Results:Overall, MBL robustly and consistently inactivated all 3 coronaviruses with 99.8% to >99.9% virus inactivation across all FFRs and medical masks tested. FFR and medical mask integrity was maintained after 5 cycles of MBL treatment, whereas 1 FFR model failed after 5 cycles of VHP+O3.Conclusions:MBL treatment decontaminated respirators and masks by inactivating 3 tested coronaviruses without compromising integrity through 5 cycles of decontamination. MBL decontamination is effective, is low cost, and does not require specialized equipment, making it applicable in low- to high-resource settings.
Talk the talk, but walk the walk: what do we know about marital demography and corporate greenwashing?
Authors: Du Xingqiang , Zeng Quan , Zhang Ying 
Published: May 2021

AbstractUsing a sample of 21,628 firm-year observations from the Chinese stock market during the period of 2008–2017, this study finds that the divorce–marriage ratio, the proxy for marital demography, is significantly positively associated with corporate greenwashing. This finding suggests that higher divorce–marriage ratio is associated with stronger individualistic social atmosphere, lower conformity to social norms, and more unfavorable attitude towards environmental conservation, abets firms to talk the talk rather than walk the walk, and foments corporate greenwashing. Moreover, China's Environmental Protection Law attenuates above positive relation. Lastly, our conclusions are robust to sensitivity tests using the divorce rate, alternative proxies for greenwashing, and individual-level divorce data, and further our findings are also valid after addressing the endogeneity issue.
Knowledge-withholding behaviours among IT specialists: the roles of job insecurity, work overload and supervisor support
Authors: Kmieciak Roman 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to explore factors that have an impact on information technology (IT) specialists' concealment of knowledge from their supervisors. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data from 118 IT specialists from a large Polish software company. The data analyses were conducted using partial least-squares path modelling. The results revealed that perceived work overload (PWO) is positively related to perceived job insecurity (PJI), and that PJI is positively related to vertical knowledge withholding (VKW). Contrary to expectations, no significant relation was found between PWO and VKW. Moreover, there is a negative relationship between supervisor support (SS) and VKW. This study introduces the concept of VKW and places it in the context of the relationship between subordinates and superiors. Managers can use the results to limit knowledge withholding among IT specialists. To confirm achieved results, future research can use larger samples and be conducted in different sectors.
Prospective association between adherence to the 2017 French dietary guidelines and risk of death, CVD and cancer in the NutriNet-Santé cohort
Authors: Chaltiel Dan , Julia Chantal , Chaltiel Raphaël , Baudry Julia , Touvier Mathilde , Deschamps Valérie , Latino-Martel Paule , Fezeu Léopold , Hercberg Serge , Kesse-Guyot Emmanuelle 
Published: May 2021

AbstractNon-communicable diseases, such as cancers and CVD, represent a major public health concern, and diet is an important factor in their development. French dietary recommendations were updated in 2017, and an adherence score, theProgramme National Nutrition SantéGuidelines Score (PNNS-GS2), has been developed and validated using a standardised procedure. The present study aimed to analyse the prospective association between PNNS-GS2 and the risk of death, cancer and CVD. Our sample consisted of French adults included in the prospective NutriNet-Santé cohort (n67 748, 75 634 and 80 269 for the risk of death, cancer and CVD, respectively). PNNS-GS2 (range: –∞ to 14·25) was calculated from the 24-h dietary records of the first 2 years of monitoring. Association between PNNS-GS2 (in quintiles, Q) and the risk of death, cancer and CVD was studied using Cox models adjusted for the main confounding factors. The sample included 78 % of women, aged on average 44·4 years (sd14·6) with on average 6·6 (sd2·3) dietary records. Average PNNS-GS2 was 1·5 (sd3·4) and median follow-up was 6·6 years for cancers and 6·2 years for CVD and deaths. PNNS-GS2 was significantly associated with the risk of death (hazard ratio (HR)Q5vsQ1: 0·77 (95 % CI 0·60, 1·00), 828 cases), cancer (HRQ5vsQ1= 0·80 (95 % CI 0·69, 0·92), 2577 cases) and CVD (HRQ5vsQ10·64 (95 % CI 0·51, 0·81), 964 cases). More specifically, PNNS-GS2 was significantly associated with colorectal and breast cancer risks but not prostate cancer risk. Our results suggest that strong adherence to the 2017 French dietary recommendations is associated with a lower risk of death, cancer or CVD. This reinforces the validity of these new recommendations and will help to promote their dissemination.
Cultural evolution of genetic heritability
Authors: Uchiyama Ryutaro , Spicer Rachel , Muthukrishna Michael 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBehavioral genetics and cultural evolution have both revolutionized our understanding of human behavior – largely independent of each other. Here, we reconcile these two fields under a dual inheritance framework, offering a more nuanced understanding of the interaction between genes and culture. Going beyond typical analyses of gene–environment interactions, we describe the cultural dynamics that shape these interactions by shaping the environment and population structure. A cultural evolutionary approach can explain, for example, how factors such as rates of innovation and diffusion, density of cultural subgroups, and tolerance for behavioral diversity impact heritability estimates, thus yielding predictions for different social contexts. Moreover, when cumulative culture functionally overlaps with genes, genetic effects become masked, unmasked, or even reversed, and the causal effects of an identified gene become confounded with features of the cultural environment. The manner of confounding is specific to a particular society at a particular time, but a WEIRD (western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic) sampling problem obscures this boundedness. Cultural evolutionary dynamics are typically missing from models of gene-to-phenotype causality, hindering generalizability of genetic effects across societies and across time. We lay out a reconciled framework and use it to predict the ways in which heritability should differ between societies, between socioeconomic levels, and other groupings within some societies but not others, and over the life course. An integrated cultural evolutionary behavioral genetic approach cuts through the nature–nurture debate and helps resolve controversies in topics such as IQ.
Disentangling adversity timing and type: Contrasting theories in the context of maternal prenatal physical and mental health using latent formative models
Authors: Plamondon André , Racine Nicole , McDonald Sheila , Tough Suzanne , Madigan Sheri 
Published: May 2021

AbstractResearch on the effects of adversity has led to mounting interest in examining the differential impact of adversity as a function of its timing and type. The current study examines whether the effects of different types (i.e., physical, sexual, and emotional abuse) and timing (i.e., early, middle childhood, adolescence, or adulthood) of adversity on maternal mental and physical health outcomes in pregnancy, are best accounted for by a cumulative model or independent effects model. Women from a prospective pregnancy cohort (N =3,362) reported retrospectively on their experiences of adversity (i.e., physical, sexual, and emotional abuse) in early childhood (0–5 years], middle childhood (6–12 years], adolescence (13–18 years], and adulthood (19+ years]. Measures of overall health, stress, anxiety, and depression were gathered in pregnancy. Results showed that a cumulative formative latent model was selected as more parsimonious than a direct effects model. Results also supported a model where the strength of the effect of adversity did not vary across abuse timing or type. Thus, cumulative adversity resulted in greater physical and mental health difficulties. In conclusion, cumulative adversity is a more parsimonious predictor of maternal physical and mental health outcomes than adversity at any one specific adversity timing or subtype.
Can point-of-sale nutrition information encourage reduced preference for sugary drinks among adolescents?
Authors: Dixon Helen , Scully Maree , Morley Belinda , Wakefield Melanie 
Published: May 2021

AbstractObjective:To test whether point-of-sale (POS) information about the nutrition content of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) promotes healthier drink choices among teenagers, and explore whether POS intervention effects vary based on prior exposure to a sugary drink public health campaign (13 Cancers).Design:Between-subjects online experiment with three POS signage conditions: no signage (control); sugar content (SC) and Health Star Rating (HSR). Participants viewed their assigned POS sign alone, then alongside a drinks product display and chose which drink they would buy. Perceptions of various drink products and campaign recall were assessed.Setting:Australia.Participants:Adolescents aged 13–17 years (n 925) recruited via an online panel.Results:POS signs did not promote a significant reduction in preference for SSB (cf. control condition). Cognitive and emotional responses to POS signs were strongest for the SC sign, which was rated higher than the HSR sign on various perceived effectiveness measures. Participants who saw the SC sign rated SSB as less healthy (cf. control condition) and were more likely to accurately estimate the number of teaspoons of sugar in soft drink (cf. HSR sign and control conditions). There was no significant interaction between prior exposure to the 13 Cancers campaign and POS signage condition regarding preferences for and perceptions of SSB.Conclusions:SSB POS interventions may not have the desired effect on adolescents’ drink preferences. Testing SSB POS signs in real-world retail settings is needed to determine whether positive educational impacts extend to promoting healthier drink purchases and reduced SSB consumption among teenagers.
Investigating the resistance levels and mechanisms to penoxsulam and cyhalofop-butyl in barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) from Ningxia Province, China
Authors: Yang Qian , Yang Xia , Zhang Zichang , Wang Jieping , Fu Weiguo , Li Yongfeng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.] is a noxious grass weed that infests rice fields and causes huge crop yield losses. In this study, we collected 12 E. crus-galli populations from rice ﬁelds of Ningxia Province in China and investigated the resistance levels to the acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor penoxsulam and the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor cyhalofop-butyl. The results showed that eight populations exhibited resistance to penoxsulam and four populations evolved resistance to cyhalofop-butyl. Moreover, all four cyhalofop-butyl–resistant populations (NX3, NX4, NX6, and NX7) displayed multiple herbicide resistance to both penoxsulam and cyhalofop-butyl. The alternative herbicides bispyribac-sodium, metamifop, and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl cannot effectively control the multiple herbicide–resistant (MHR) plants. To characterize the molecular mechanisms of resistance, we ampliﬁed and sequenced the target site–encoding genes in resistant and susceptible populations. Partial sequences of three ALS genes and six ACCase genes were examined. A Trp-574-Leu mutation was detected in EcALS1 and EcALS3 in two high-level (65.84- and 59.30-fold) penoxsulam-resistant populations, NX2 and NX10, respectively. In addition, one copy (EcACC4) of ACCase genes encodes a truncated aberrant protein due to a frameshift mutation in E. crus-galli populations. None of the amino acid substitutions that are known to confer herbicide resistance were detected in ALS and ACCase genes of MHR populations. Our study reveals the wide spread of MHR E. crus-galli populations in Ningxia Province that exhibit resistance to several ALS and ACCase inhibitors. Non–target site based mechanisms are likely to be involved in E. crus-galli resistance to the herbicides, at least in four MHR populations.
The Statistical Morphology of Saturn’s Equatorial Energetic Neutral Atom Emission
Authors: Kinrade J. , Bader A. , Badman S. V. , Paranicas C. , Mitchell D. G. , Constable D. , Arridge C. S. , Cowley S. W. H. , Provan G. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSaturn’s magnetosphere is an efficient emitter of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs), created through charge exchange of energetic ions with the extended neutral cloud originating from the icy moon Enceladus. We present an analysis using the complete image set captured by Cassini’s Ion Neutral Camera to characterize Saturn’s average ENA morphology. Concentric tori are formed around the planet by oxygen and hydrogen ENAs, with intensity peaks between 7 and 10 RS radial distance, with a ∼1–2 RS dayside offset. Nightside intensity is brighter than the dayside, likely the result of enhancements following large‐scale plasma injections from the magnetotail, and influence of the noon‐midnight electric field. Global intensity is clearly modulated with the near‐planetary rotation period. This Cassini‐era profile of Saturn’s ENA emission advances our understanding of how volcanic moons can influence plasma dynamics in giant magnetospheres and is timely ahead of the planned JUICE mission, which carries the first dedicated ENA detector to Jupiter.
Notable Contributions of Aerosols to the Predictability of Hail Precipitation
Authors: Li Xiaofei , Zhang Qinghong , Fan Jiwen , Zhang Fuqing 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThere are increasing concerns about the uncertainty aerosols produced in forecasting precipitation, particularly hail. This study provides an assessment of the contribution of aerosols to hail predictability by varying both the cloud condensation nuclei concentration (CCNC) and the initial meteorological conditions based on ensemble runs of 1,200 cloud‐resolving simulations. Although the meteorological perturbations produce large uncertainties in both hail and total precipitation, varying CCNC by an order of magnitude causes even larger uncertainties than the meteorological perturbations. Changing CCNC modifies the predictability of hail precipitation, with higher predictability in moderately polluted environments compared with very clean and polluted environments. Perturbing the initial meteorological conditions does not qualitatively change how aerosols affect hail and total precipitation. Constraining the initial meteorological perturbations helps reduce CCNC‐caused uncertainty. These findings suggest the importance of considering aerosol effects in severe weather simulations and forecasting.
Sea Ice Suppression of CO2 Outgassing in the West Antarctic Peninsula: Implications For The Evolving Southern Ocean Carbon Sink
Authors: Shadwick E. H. , De Meo O. A. , Schroeter S. , Arroyo M. C. , Martinson D. G. , Ducklow H. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Southern Ocean plays an important role in the uptake of atmospheric CO2. In seasonally ice‐covered regions, estimates of air‐sea exchange remain uncertain in part because of a lack of observations outside the summer season. Here we present new estimates of air‐sea CO2 flux in the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) from an autonomous mooring on the continental shelf. In summer, the WAP is a sink for atmospheric CO2 followed by a slow return to atmospheric equilibrium in autumn and winter. Outgassing is almost entirely suppressed by ice cover from June through October, resulting in a modest net annual CO2 sink. Model projections indicate sea ice formation will occur later in the season in the coming decades potentially weakening the net oceanic CO2 sink. Interannual variability in the WAP is significant, highlighting the importance of sustained observations of air‐sea exchange in this rapidly changing region of the Southern Ocean.
Revisiting the Surface Energy Imbalance
Authors: Sun Jielun , Massman William J. , Banta Robert M. , Burns Sean P. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe traditional surface energy balance (SEB) is investigated by applying the thermal energy balance based on total energy conservation. Based on total energy conservation, the thermal and the kinetic energy balances are connected through non‐hydrostatic energy transfer (QNH) as a result of the hydrostatic imbalance caused by potential energy changes from vertical density fluxes in response to mechanical and thermal forcing in the stratified atmosphere. Field observations show that both QNH and the surface energy imbalance (SEI) have the same diurnal variation; both are near zero under neutral conditions and increase with increasing atmospheric unstable stratification. Energy dissipation due to enhanced turbulent kinetic energy from QNH is estimated to be the largest energy consumption for potentially explaining the largest SEI under free convective conditions. The relatively large value of energy dissipation in the atmospheric surface layer is due to its exponential increase toward the surface and its increase with atmospheric instability. The other two energy transfers that are traditionally missed are related to water mass flowing through the open soil and air layers, but are relatively small in comparison with the energy dissipation. The new understanding of the energy transfers provides not only a potential explanation for the temporal and magnitude variations of the SEI but also the explanation for different heat/moisture transferring efficiencies between thermally and mechanically generated turbulent mixing. Understanding the SEB is important not only for solving the SEI but also for understanding energy conservation in the atmosphere.
Investigating Mesozoic Climate Trends and Sensitivities With a Large Ensemble of Climate Model Simulations
Authors: Landwehrs Jan , Feulner Georg , Petri Stefan , Sames Benjamin , Wagreich Michael 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe Mesozoic era (∼252 to 66 million years ago) was a key interval in Earth's evolution toward its modern state, witnessing the breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea and significant biotic innovations like the early evolution of mammals. Plate tectonic dynamics drove a fundamental climatic transition from the early Mesozoic supercontinent toward the Late Cretaceous fragmented continental configuration. Here, key aspects of Mesozoic long‐term environmental changes are assessed in a climate model ensemble framework. We analyze so far the most extended ensemble of equilibrium climate states simulated for evolving Mesozoic boundary conditions covering the period from 255 to 60 Ma in 5 Myr timesteps. Global mean temperatures are generally found to be elevated above the present and exhibit a baseline warming trend driven by rising sea levels and increasing solar luminosity. Warm (Triassic and mid‐Cretaceous) and cool (Jurassic and end‐Cretaceous) anomalies result from pCO2 changes indicated by different reconstructions. Seasonal and zonal temperature contrasts as well as continental aridity show an overall decrease from the Late Triassic‐Early Jurassic to the Late Cretaceous. Meridional temperature gradients are reduced at higher global temperatures and less land area in the high latitudes. With systematic sensitivity experiments, the influence of paleogeography, sea level, vegetation patterns, pCO2, solar luminosity, and orbital configuration on these trends is investigated. For example, long‐term seasonality trends are driven by paleogeography, but orbital cycles could have had similar‐scale effects on shorter timescales. Global mean temperatures, continental humidity, and meridional temperature gradients are, however, also strongly affected by pCO2.