bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pheromone bouquet controls the reproductive behaviour of the male shore crab, Carcinus maenas
Authors: Fletcher Nichola , Terschak John A. , Bartels-Hardege Helga D. , Bublitz Ralf , Schirrmacher Paula , Hardege Jorg D. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe reproduction of many brachyuran crustaceans involves the formation of mating pairs often around the time of the female moult with attraction of a sexual partner and mating behaviour controlled by sex pheromones. In shore crabs, Carcinus maenas, females produce sex pheromones that are released in the urine. High Performance Liquid Chromatography analysis (HPLC) of female urine shows that the pheromone, identified as the nucleotide uridine diphosphate (UDP), elutes as an unresolved peak with structurally related nucleotides. We examined female urine samples over the moult cycle and detected UDP as well as uridine triphosphate (UTP). Bioassays were conducted to establish the possibility of a blend of nucleotides forming a sex pheromone bouquet in C. maenas. Whilst UDP induced the male mate guarding behaviour (cradling), a mixture of the two nucleotides at a ratio of 4:1 UDP:UTP elicited an even stronger mating response than either UDP or UTP individually. The urine concentration and composition of these nucleotides changes over the moult period pre and post ecdysis, providing evidence that a pheromone bouquet composition is not always constant. The change of the bouquet is related to the physiological state of the sender, here the moult cycle. Our study unravels the functionality of reaction-specific molecules in a pheromone bouquet. Whilst UDP is the mating signal, UTP acts as an attractant and combined they maximise the reproductive response. The use of bouquets provides species-specificity, potentially enabling reproductive isolation of sympatric species, and contains valuable information on the physiological state of the sender.
Designing and coding with BBC micro:bit to solve a real-world task – a challenging movement between contexts
Authors: Cederqvist A-M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDesigning programmed technological solutions (PTS) with programming materials has become a way to contextualise educational content related to PTS and programming. However, studies show that pupils have difficulties conceptualising central phenomena involved in the process, which affects their ability to design PTS. In order to understand these difficulties, this study investigates pupils’ ways of experiencing the process of solving a real-world task with a programming material. The study takes its point of departure from a previous study that identified two central phenomena, the dual nature (structure and function) of PTS and the BBC micro:bit material, when pupils, aged 10 and 14, were designing a burglar alarm with the BBC micro:bit. The data was revisited with the aim of analysing pupils’ sequential discernment of critical aspects of the phenomena (i.e. aspects necessary to discern in order to understand phenomena), and how this affects how the design process unfolds. The results show that the movement from the real-world context toward the BBC micro:bit context is challenging. Pupils need to be able to connect conditions in the real-world context both to aspects of the dual nature of their PTS, and to aspects of the BBC micro:bit material that represent the dual nature. This suggests the importance of appreciating the BBC micro:bit context and the real-world context in relation to the dual nature of PTS, and of addressing the sequential stages of the process in which aspects of phenomena and their interrelations are emphasised, to help pupils see the PTS in the changing contexts.
Variance of Voltages in a Lattice Coulomb Gas
Authors: Conache Diana , Heydenreich Markus , Merkl Franz , Rolles Silke W. W. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe study the behavior of the variance of the difference of energies for putting an additional electric unit charge at two different locations in the two-dimensional lattice Coulomb gas in the high-temperature regime. For this, we exploit the duality between this model and a discrete Gaussian model. Our estimates follow from a spontaneous symmetry breaking in the latter model.
A distributed fault detection scheme in disturbed heterogeneous networked systems
Authors: Taoufik Anass , Defoort Michael , Djemai Mohamed , Busawon Krishna 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper deals with the problem of distributed fault detection and isolation in multi-agent systems with disturbed high-order dynamics subject to communication uncertainties and faults. Distributed finite-frequency mixed $${\mathcal {H}}_-$$

H
-

$$/{\mathcal {H}}_\infty $$

/

H
∞

unknown input observers are designed to detect and distinguish actuator, sensor and communication faults. Furthermore, an agent is capable of detecting not only its own faults but also faults in its neighbouring agents. Sufficient conditions are then derived in terms of a set of linear matrix inequalities while adding additional design variables to reduce the conservatism. A numerical simulation is carried out in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Carbonized wood with ordered channels decorated by NiCo2O4 for lightweight and high-performance microwave absorber
Authors: Qin Guangyu , Huang Xiaoxiao , Yan Xu , He Yunfei , Liu Yuhao , Xia Long , Zhong Bo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWood-derived carbon has a 3D porous framework composed of through channels along the growth direction, which is a suitable matrix for preparing electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials with low cost, light weight, and environmental friendliness. Herein, the carbonized wood decorated by short cone-like NiCo2O4 (NiCo2O4@CW) with highly ordered straight-channel architecture was successfully manufactured through a facile calcination procedure. The horizontal arrangement of the through channels of NiCo2O4@CW (H-NiCo2O4@CW) exhibits a strong reflection loss value of -64.0 dB at 10.72 GHz with a thickness of 3.62 mm and a low filling ratio of 26 wt% (with the density of 0.98 g·cm-3), and the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) is 8.08 GHz (9.92–18.0 GHz) at the thickness of 3.2 mm. The excellent microwave absorption (MA) property was ascribed to the ordered-channel structure with abundant interfaces and defects from NiCo2O4@CW, which could promote the interfacial polarization and dipole polarization. What is more, this advantageous structure increased the multiple reflections and scattering. Finite element analysis (FEA) simulation is carried out to detect the interaction between the prepared material and EMW when the ordered channels are arranged in different directions. This research provides a low-cost, sustainable, and environmentally friendly strategy for using carbonized wood to fabricate microwave absorbers with strong attenuation capabilities and light weight.
Synthesis of the superfine high-entropy zirconate nanopowders by polymerized complex method
Authors: Han Yangjie , Yu Renwang , Liu Honghua , Chu Yanhui 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe high-purity and superfine high-entropy zirconate nanopowders, namely (Y0.25La0.25Sm0.25Eu0.25)2Zr2O7 nanopowders, without agglomeration, were successfully synthesized via polymerized complex method at low temperatures for the first time. The results showed that the crystallinity degree, lattice strain, and particle size of the as-synthesized powders were gradually enhanced with the increase of the synthesis temperature from 800 to 1300 °C. The as-synthesized powders involved fluorite phase in the range of 800–1200 °C while they underwent the phase evolution from fluorite to pyrochlore at 1300 °C. It is worth mentioning that the as-synthesized powders at 900 °C are of the highest quality among all the as-synthesized powders, which is due to the fact that they not only possess the particle size of 11 nm without agglomeration, but also show high purity and good compositional uniformity.
Twist-minimal trace formula for holomorphic cusp forms
Authors: Child Kieran 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe derive an explicit formula for the trace of an arbitrary Hecke operator on spaces of twist-minimal holomorphic cusp forms with arbitrary level and character, and weight at least 2. We show that this formula provides an efficient way of computing Fourier coefficients of basis elements for newform or cusp form spaces. This work was motivated by the development of a twist-minimal trace formula in the non-holomorphic case by Booker, Lee and Strömbergsson, as well as the presentation of a fully generalised trace formula for the holomorphic case by Cohen and Strömberg.
scGET: Predicting Cell Fate Transition During Early Embryonic Development by Single-Cell Graph Entropy
Authors: Zhong Jiayuan , Han Chongyin , Zhang Xuhang , Chen Pei , Liu Rui 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
During early embryonic development, cell fate commitment represents a critical transition or “tipping point” of embryonic differentiation, at which there is a drastic and qualitative shift of the cell populations. In this study, we presented a computational approach, scGET, to explore the gene–gene associations based on single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data for critical transition prediction. Specifically, by transforming the gene expression data to the local network entropy, the single-cell graph entropy (SGE) value quantitatively characterizes the stability and criticality of gene regulatory networks among cell populations and thus can be employed to detect the critical signal of cell fate or lineage commitment at the single-cell level. Being applied to five scRNA-seq datasets of embryonic differentiation, scGET accurately predicts all the impending cell fate transitions. After identifying the “dark genes” that are non-differentially expressed genes but sensitive to the SGE value, the underlying signaling mechanisms were revealed, suggesting that the synergy of dark genes and their downstream targets may play a key role in various cell development processes. The application in all five datasets demonstrates the effectiveness of scGET in analyzing scRNA-seq data from a network perspective and its potential to track the dynamics of cell differentiation. The source code of scGET is accessible at https://github.com/zhongjiayuna/scGET_Project.
Effects of Stem Cell Therapy on Diabetic Mellitus Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Yao Chi , Zhang Xiangyu , Yu Zhikang , Jing Jibo , Sun Chao , Chen Ming 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTBackgroundStem cell is considered a potential therapy for treating erectile dysfunction (ED), including diabetic mellitus erectile dysfunction (DMED), which was investigated in some preclinical studies. Several trials introduced stem cell into clinical practice, but divergences emerged.AimTo further investigate the therapeutic effects of stem cell on DMED in preclinical studies and investigate some possible factors that influence curative effects.MethodsThe literature research was conducted in Web of Science and PubMed to retrieve studies utilizing stem cell to treat DMED. Revman 5.3 was used to perform subgroup analysis of intracavernosal pressure/mean artery pressure (ICP/MAP) and structural changes. Publication bias was assessed with Egger’s test, funnel plot, and sensitivity analysis by Stata 15.0.OutcomesThe ICP/MAP and structural changes before and after stem cell treatment.ResultsOf 2,115 studies retrieved, 23 studies are eligible. Plus 10 studies from a meta-analysis published in 2016, 33 studies were enrolled. Pooled analysis showed that stem cell ameliorates damaged ICP/MAP (WMD 0.26; 95% CI 0.23–0.29; P &lt; .001) and structural changes induced by diabetes. Subgroup analysis indicated that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC) may have better efficacy than bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) (χ2= 4.21, P = .04; ADSC WMD 0.28, 95% CI [0.24–0.32] vs BMSC WMD 0.22 95% CI [0.17–0.26]). Transplantation type, diabetes type, and cell number make no difference to curative effects. Gene modification and therapy combination proved promising in improving the therapeutic effects of stem cell.Clinical TranslationThe evidence reminded that ADSC may be prior to BMSC in clinical trials and autotransplantation is probably not compulsory in the clinical practice of stem cell.Strengths and LimitationsThe study number and sample size are large enough. However, high degree of heterogeneity remains after subgroup analysis.ConclusionThis meta-analysis suggests the efficacy of stem cell therapy for DMED and the possible superiority of ADSC over BMSC in erection restoration and structure renovation.
Are Land‐Use Change Emissions in Southeast Asia Decreasing or Increasing?
Authors: Kondo Masayuki , Sitch Stephen , Ciais Philippe , Achard Frédéric , Kato Etsushi , Pongratz Julia , Houghton Richard A. , Canadell Josep G. , Patra Prabir K. , Friedlingstein Pierre , Li Wei , Anthoni Peter , Arneth Almut , Chevallier Frédéric , Ganzenmüller Raphael , Harper Anna , Jain Atul K. , Koven Charles , Lienert Sebastian , Lombardozzi Danica , Maki Takashi , Nabel Julia E. M. S. , Nakamura Takashi , Niwa Yosuke , Peylin Philippe , Poulter Benjamin , Pugh Thomas A. M. , Rödenbeck Christian , Saeki Tazu , Stocker Benjamin , Viovy Nicolas , Wiltshire Andy , Zaehle Sönke 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSoutheast Asia is a region known for active land‐use changes (LUC) over the past 60 years; yet, how trends in net CO2 uptake and release resulting from LUC activities (net LUC flux) have changed through past decades remains uncertain. The level of uncertainty in net LUC flux from process‐based models is so high that it cannot be concluded that newer estimates are necessarily more reliable than older ones. Here, we examined net LUC flux estimates of Southeast Asia for the 1980s−2010s from older and newer sets of Dynamic Global Vegetation Model simulations (TRENDY v2 and v7, respectively), and forcing data used for running those simulations, along with two book‐keeping estimates (H&N and BLUE). These estimates yielded two contrasting historical LUC transitions, such that TRENDY v2 and H&N showed a transition from increased emissions from the 1980s to 1990s to declining emissions in the 2000s, while TRENDY v7 and BLUE showed the opposite transition. We found that these contrasting transitions originated in the update of LUC forcing data, which reduced the loss of forest area during the 1990s. Further evaluation of remote sensing studies, atmospheric inversions, and the history of forestry and environmental policies in Southeast Asia supported the occurrence of peak emissions in the 1990s and declining thereafter. However, whether LUC emissions continue to decline in Southeast Asia remains uncertain as key processes in recent years, such as conversion of peat forest to oil‐palm plantation, are yet to be represented in the forcing data, suggesting a need for further revision.
A Double‐Peak Intraseasonal Pattern in the Chlorophyll Concentration Associated With Summer Upwelling and Mesoscale Eddies in the Western South China Sea
Authors: Liu Fenfen , Tang Shilin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe southwest monsoon between June and October induces upwelling and offshore cold‐water transport in the western South China Sea (SCS). A seasonal collocated chlorophyll bloom also occurs, resulting in a productivity increase in the oligotrophic SCS basin. To accurately quantify productivity transported toward the open ocean, it is necessary to determine whether the transport is continuous or intermittent (intraseasonal oscillation). However, intraseasonal chlorophyll oscillations during summer have not been investigated. The influences of upwelling and an eddy dipole on intraseasonal chlorophyll oscillation also remain unclear. Merged daily chlorophyll data obtained from a multisatellite ocean color product are used to investigate intraseasonal chlorophyll oscillations. Our results indicate that summer chlorophyll development is characterized by an intraseasonal double‐bloom pattern in July‐August and September‐October in 11 out of 20 years (1998–2017). The time interval between the two blooms varies between 23 and 45 days. The timing of the first bloom is correlated with upwelling (R2 = 0.70), but the secondary bloom is not (R2 = 0.26). During the second chlorophyll bloom period, high chlorophyll is observed in the interaction region of an eddy dipole, which is locally generated rather than transported from nearshore areas. A new index is proposed based on finite‐size Lyapunov exponents and the orientations of the associated eigenvectors to represent frontogenetic processes. The index coincides not only spatially with the chlorophyll bloom but also temporally with the chlorophyll variation during the second bloom period (R2 = 0.73).
Isotopic Characterization of Water Masses in the Southeast Pacific Region: Paleoceanographic Implications
Authors: Reyes‐Macaya Dharma , Hoogakker Babette , Martínez‐Méndez Gema , Llanillo Pedro J. , Grasse Patricia , Mohtadi Mahyar , Mix Alan , Leng Melanie J. , Struck Ulrich , McCorkle Daniel C. , Troncoso Macarena , Gayo Eugenia M. , Lange Carina B. , Farias Laura , Carhuapoma Wilson , Graco Michelle , Cornejo‐D’Ottone Marcela , De Pol Holz Ricardo , Fernandez Camila , Narvaez Diego , Vargas Cristian A. , García‐Araya Francisco , Hebbeln Dierk 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this study, we used stable isotopes of oxygen (δ18O), deuterium (δD), and dissolved inorganic carbon (δ13CDIC) in combination with temperature, salinity, oxygen, and nutrient concentrations to characterize the coastal (71°–78°W) and an oceanic (82°–98°W) water masses (SAAW—Subantarctic Surface Water; STW—Subtropical Water; ESSW—Equatorial Subsurface water; AAIW—Antarctic Intermediate Water; PDW—Pacific Deep Water) of the Southeast Pacific (SEP). The results show that δ18O and δD can be used to differentiate between SAAW‐STW, SAAW‐ESSW, and ESSW‐AAIW. δ13CDIC signatures can be used to differentiate between STW‐ESSW (oceanic section), SAAW‐ESSW, ESSW‐AAIW, and AAIW‐PDW. Compared with the oceanic section, our new coastal section highlights differences in both the chemistry and geometry of water masses above 1,000 m. Previous paleoceanographic studies using marine sediments from the SEP continental margin used the present‐day hydrological oceanic transect to compare against, as the coastal section was not sufficiently characterized. We suggest that our new results of the coastal section should be used for past characterizations of the SEP water masses that are usually based on continental margin sediment samples.
Optimization of physical schemes in WRF model on cyclone simulations over Bay of Bengal using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test
Authors: Shenoy Meenakshi , Raju P. V. S. , Prasad Jagdish 
Published: December 2021

AbstractEvaluation of appropriate physics parameterization schemes for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is vital for accurately forecasting tropical cyclones. Three cyclones Nargis, Titli and Fani have been chosen to investigate the combination of five cloud microphysics (MP), three cumulus convection (CC), and two planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes of the WRF model (ver. 4.0) with ARW core with respect to track and intensity to determine an optimal combination of these physical schemes. The initial and boundary conditions for sensitivity experiments are drawn from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) global forecasting system (GFS) data. Simulated track and intensity of three cyclonic cases are compared with the India Meteorological Department (IMD) observations. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) is applied to check the significance of the data obtained from the model. Further, Tukey’s test is applied for post-hoc analysis in order to identify the cluster of treatments close to IMD observations for all three cyclones. Results are obtained through the statistical analysis; average root means square error (RMSE) of intensity throughout the cyclone period and time error at landfall with the step-by-step elimination method. Through the elimination method, the optimal scheme combination is obtained. The YSU planetary boundary layer with Kain–Fritsch cumulus convection and Ferrier microphysics scheme combination is identified as an optimal combination in this study for the forecasting of tropical cyclones over the Bay of Bengal.
A success targeted nano delivery to lung cancer cells with multi-walled carbon nanotubes conjugated to bromocriptine
Authors: Kamazani Fatemeh Mohammadhosseini , Sotoodehnejad nematalahi Fattah , Siadat Seyed Davar , Pornour Majid , Sheikhpour Mojgan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn this research, a new nano drug-based multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was prepared and evaluated qualitatively. Bromocriptine (BRC) was conjugated to functionalized carbon nanotubes. Then, the CHNS, FT-IR, SEM, and RAMAN tests for characterization of the conjugated drug were done. The nanofluid-containing nano-drug was evaluated on lung cancer cells (A549 & QU-DB) and MRC5 by MTT and flow cytometry tests. Then, the gene expression studies of dopamine receptor genes were done before and after nano-drug treatment. After that, a western blotting test was carried out for further investigation of dopamine receptors protein production. Finally, Bax and Bcl-2 secretion were measured by the ELISA method in cells affected by MWCNTs-BRC Nf compared to untreated cells. The results showed that the nano-drug had a significant lethal effect on cancer cells, while it had no toxicity on MRC5. Also, the nano-drug could significantly induce apoptosis in lung cancer cells at a lower dose compared to the drug alone. In this study, a targeted nano-drug delivery system was designed, and its performance was evaluated based on neurotransmitter pathways, and the results showed that it may be useful in the treatment of lung cancer. However, additional studies on animal models are underway.
Allergenicity to worldwide invasive grass Cortaderia selloana as environmental risk to public health
Authors: Rodríguez Fernando , Lombardero-Vega Manuel , San Juan Lucía , de las Vecillas Leticia , Alonso Sofía , Morchón Eva , Liendo Diego , Uranga Marta , Gandarillas Alberto 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAllergies to grass pollen affects about 20% of the population worldwide. In the last few decades, the South American grass Cortaderia selloana (CS, Pampas grass) has expanded worldwide in a variety of countries including the USA, Australia and Western Europe. In many of these locations, CS has strikingly spread and has now been classified an invasive species. Many pernicious consequences of CS have been reported for local biodiversity, landscape and structures. However, the effect on human health has not been studied. To investigate this issue, we have chosen a European region on the northern cost of Spain where CS spread is overwhelming, Cantabria. We obtained CS pollen extract and analysed the allergenic reaction of 98 patients that were allergic to pollen of local grasses. We determined the skin reaction and the presence of specific IgE antibodies (sIgE) to CS or to a typical autochthonous grass, Phleum pratense. We also compared the seasonal symptoms with reported grass pollen counts in the area. The results strongly suggest that CS can cause respiratory allergies at a similar extent to the local grasses. Given that CS pollinises later than the local grasses, this would extend the period of grass allergies in the region for about three months every year, as stated by most of the patients. This is the first study reported on the effects of the striking expansion of CS on human health. Considering the strong impact that respiratory allergies have on the population, our results suggest that CS can currently constitute a relevant environmental health issue.