bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NOT ONLY SIZE MATTERS: ISSUES IN CREATING FREQUENCY DICTIONARIES FROM CORPORA
Authors: Шаров С.А. 
Published: January 2021

В статье рассматриваются проблемы создания частотных словарей для преподавания языка с учетом таких параметров, как источники корпусов, собственно частотность слова, зависимость от длины документов, тематическое и жанровое разнообразие корпусов. Приводятся примеры проблем с частотными списками и даются рекомендации для практического применения частотных словарей. Отмечается, что помимо размера корпуса на содержание частотных словарей влияют слова, популярные внутри длинных документов, поскольку они приводят к выбросам частот, а также соответствие тем и жанров, представленных в корпусе, целям обучения, так как корпуса из разных предметных областей и жанров могут радикально отличаться друг от друга.
The paper discusses the issues in creating frequency dictionaries aimed at language teaching, while taking into account such parameters as sources of corpora, actual word frequencies, document length consideration, as well as variation in topics and genres. It provides examples of problems with frequency lists and gives recommendations for practical use of frequency dictionaries. In addition to the size of the corpus, the frequency dictionaries are influenced by words that are frequent within long documents, since they lead to frequency bursts, as well as by the link between the topics and genres in a corpus to the learning objectives, since corpora from different subject areas and genres can produce radically different frequency profiles.
A CORPUS OF RUSSIAN TEXTBOOK MATERIALS FOR FOREIGN STUDENTS AS AN INSTRUMENT OF AN EDUCATIONAL CONTENT ANALYSIS
Authors: Лапошина А.Н. 
Published: January 2021

В статье описан опыт сбора, разметки и использования корпуса текстов из учебников РКИ, RuFoLa. Такая коллекция текстов является удобным инструментом получения объективных данных о содержании современных учебников РКИ как в исследовательских, так и в практических целях. В качестве примеров задач, решаемых на материале корпуса RuFoLa, приведены два исследования. Во-первых, произведен расчет языковых признаков постепенного усложнения учебных материалов по РКИ по шкале уровней CEFR от А1 до С1. Во-вторых, приведены примеры частотного анализа лексики учебников и ее сравнение с содержанием лексических минимумов по РКИ – такие данные могут оказаться ценны при проверке соответствия учебника заявленному уровню или при обновлении минимума.
The paper describes the experience of collecting, marking up and utilising the corpus of texts from textbooks of Russian as a foreign language, RuFoLa. Such a collection of texts is an effective tool for getting objective information about the content of modern RFL textbooks for both research and practical purposes. Two studies are given as examples of tasks solved on the basis of the RuFoLa corpus. First, we calculated the data on linguistic features of the complexity level of educational materials on the CEFR scale from A1 to C1. Secondly, we showed examples of frequency analysis of textbook vocabulary and its comparison with the RFL vocabulary lists – it provides valuable information for evaluating textbook content and for vocabulary lists updating.
SYSTEM OF SUBJECTS IN NON-FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTIONS
Authors: РОГОВНЕВА Ю.В. 
Published: January 2021

В статье анализируется система субъектов в текстах, описывающих реальную, невымышленную действительность. Соотношение трех типов субъектов (субъект говорящий, субъект модуса и субъект диктума) позволяет описать особенности функционирования языковых средств в нефикциональных текстах, выявить языковые маркеры этих текстов и таким образом определить языковые различия нефикциональности и фикциональности.
The article analyzes the system of subjects in texts describing real, non-fictional reality. The correlation of three types of subjects (the speaker subject, the modus subject, and the dictum subject) allows us to describe the features of the functioning of language tools in non-fictional texts, identifies the language markers of these texts, and thus determines the language differences between non-fictionality and fictionality.
Supply Chain Management Practices and Supply Chain Performance in the Manufacturing Industries of Bangladesh
Authors: Nag Trisha , Ferdausy Dr. Shameema 
Published: January 2021

Purpose: The paper aims to examine the association between supply chain management practices (SCMP) and supply chain performance (SCP) in the manufacturing industries of Bangladesh. SCMP was classified as strategic supplier partnership (SSP), customer relationship (CR), information sharing level (IS), information quality level (IQ), and postponement (POS).
Methods: It is a quantitative research based on a survey questionnaire. Supply chain management practices were measured by items adapted from Li, Nathan, and Rao (2006), while supply chain performance was measured by using key supply chain performance indicators suggested by Ambe (2013). Using convenience sampling technique, data were collected from 203 executives involved in supply chain activities working in different manufacturing organizations in two major cities of Bangladesh (Dhaka and Chittagong). Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation, and regression analysis were used to analyze the data.
Results: Results demonstrated a positive correlation between supply chain management practices and supply chain performance (r=0.67**). However, strategic supplier partnership, customer relationship, and postponement are more strongly related to improving supply chain performance than information sharing level and information quality level.
Implications: A significant implication of the study is that manufacturing organizations should develop supply chain management capabilities to improve supply chain performance and they should begin with developing their level of information sharing and level of information quality.
Limitations: The use of the convenience sampling technique limits the generalizability of the findings. The small sample size (n=203) also warrant caution in interpreting the results.
Bone Density of the First Sacral Vertebra in Relation to Sacral Screw Placement: A Computed Tomography Study
Authors: Sabry Fady F , Xu Rongming , Nadim Yasser , Ebraheim Nabil A 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
A visual three-dimensional image of the first sacral vertebra was constructed using computer software to predict the sites of strong density for better screw purchase of upper sacrum. Forty dry sacrum specimens were scanned in the prone position. An axial section, 10 mm below the SI end plate, was selected for determining density at the region of interest. All images were stored on an optic disc and studied using the NIH Image 1 .61 program. Plot analysis assessed the bone density in different regions. Also, three-dimensional pictures of the different screw paths and the related bone density in the upper sacrum were analyzed.
Bone density in the anterolateral part of S1 was 115.1 ±1 0.4 pixel. Bone density for males (-99.7±1 1 .3) was greater than for females (-1 31 .4±9.6). Bone density in the anterolateral alar region was -108±10.6. The bone density for males (-95.6 ±9.8) and females (121 A± 11.7) was more than the body region. Bone density in the middle anterior cortex of the ala was 759.8±11.6. Bone density for males (878.2±10.7) was greater than for females (637.6±1 1 .9).
Using surface plot, the midanterior cortex of the ala had high cortical density compared with other areas. The midanterior cortex of the sacral ala had the highest bone density. Sacral screw purchase in the midanterior cortex provides better mechanical fixation.
Le déclassement, une stratégie familiale pour préserver la lignée ?
Authors: Ferrier-Viaud Pauline 
Published: January 2021

Paule Payen épouse Hugues de Lionne en 1645 ; elle est la fille d’un riche financier parisien et apporte une immense dot de 500 000 livres tournois, il est d’extraction noble entame une prometteuse carrière dans le gouvernement de Louis XIV. Les fondations économiques et sociales du couple semblent donc solides. Cependant, l’année 1671 précipite le sort des deux époux : Paule Payen est publiquement accusée d’adultère par Hugues de Lionne. L’itinéraire qu’elle emprunte à partir de cette date est celui d’une déchéance globale, voire totale, au sens où tous les domaines de son existence sont attaqués. En effet, elle connaît un déclassement aux accents multiples : individuel, conjugal, familial, économique et social. Cet article vise à observer l’ampleur et les caractéristiques de cette déchéance, mais également à en comprendre les ressorts profonds. En effet, l’accusation d’adultère interroge puisqu’elle ne repose que sur la parole de l’époux et a pour conséquence directe de priver la dame de sa liberté et de ses droits sur sa dot, au profit de son mari. Or, plusieurs actions de Lionne ont fragilisé la position économique et sociale de sa famille : la lecture du contexte global qui entoure la chute de Paule Payen permet d’envisager l’existence d’une stratégie dont elle serait la victime. En effet, sa déchéance permet à ses héritiers de bâtir un rempart contre leur propre déclassement économique et social par la captation de la dot maternelle. Par conséquent, dans la société d’Ancien Régime, le poids du groupe, du corps, de la famille conjugale et de la lignée peut venir briser les destins individuels et un déclassement personnel peut masquer la crainte d’un déclassement lignager aux conséquences désastreuses.
Remote cerebellar haemorrhage: A case report
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Kale Hrishikesh A 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntracranial haemorrhage after supra-tentorial craniotomies can occur in a typical pattern and location which may suggest the diagnosis of remote cerebellar haemorrhage (RCH) which is quite a rare occurrence. The ‘Zebra Sign’ refers to a pattern of hyperdensity indicative of blood and hypodensity indicative of normal cerebellar parenchyma in a curvilinear, stripe-like fashion along the cerebellar folia and is a characteristic imaging finding in RCH. RCH in general doesn’t require surgical treatment, however in cases of significant hydrocephalus or progressive deterioration of consciousness surgical treatment may be warranted. The knowledge of this condition is important as it can pre-empt unnecessary further investigations and biopsy. Although imaging appearance may be striking, close imaging follow-up and clinical monitoring are often enough for the management of this entity.
COL4A1 mutation in an Indian child presenting as ‘Cerebral Palsy’ mimic
Authors: Shah Siddharth M , Patel Drushi D 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe COL4A1 gene (COL4A1) plays an important role in vascular basement membrane function and pathogenic mutations have been reported in mice and humans. The gene is expressed mainly in the human brain, eyes and kidneys. Pathogenic mutations result in a vast array of manifestations that can present throughout life including the foetal period. We present a case of an 11-year-old girl with right hemiparesis, congenital cataracts, epilepsy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain findings with a pathogenic COL4A1 mutation. Many of her clinical features are similar to those of a non-genetic cause of cerebral palsy highlighting the difficulties and delays in making this genetic diagnosis.
Tumours of the odontoid peg revisited
Authors: Saad Ahmed , Azzopardi Christine , Haleem Shahnawaz , Czyz Marcin , James Steven L , Botchu Rajesh 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Tumours of the odontoid peg are rare but can potentially cause significant morbidity and mortality. Methods: A retrospective review of oncology and radiology database of tertiary orthopaedic oncology centre for all lesions affecting the odontoid peg over the last 12 years was performed. Results: We identified a total of 15 tumours involving the odontoid peg, majority being malignant. Myeloma was the most common tumour. Conclusion: Tumours of the odontoid peg are rare. Spinal surgeons and Radiologists need to be aware of them.
Recovering from nonspecific low back pain despair: Ultrasound-guided intervention in iliolumbar syndrome
Authors: Nayak Bibhu K , Singh Dharmendra K , Kumar Nishith , Jaiswal Binita 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Iliolumbar syndrome is a frequent cause of chronic nonspecific low back pain. The cornerstone of its treatment lies upon the specific diagnosis of the iliolumbar syndrome. The ultrasound guided interventions have the potential for the specific diagnosis and treatment of the iliolumbar syndrome. Objective: To assess the role of ultrasound-guided intervention for the diagnosis and treatment of the iliolumbar syndrome. Materials and Methods: The study comprised of fifty-seven patients of nonspecific low back pain with the clinically suspected iliolumbar syndrome. Two-staged ultrasound-guided interventions were performed: Primary diagnostic and secondary therapeutic interventions. Favorable response after the injection of local anesthetic agent in iliolumbar ligament (defined as VAS score to ≥3) was classified as confirmed Ilio-lumbar syndrome. Clinico radiological efficacy after platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection in confirmed iliolumbar syndrome patients was done. Results: Out of 57 patients, 45 (78.95’) were diagnosed with confirmed Iliolumbar syndrome after primary diagnostic intervention. The mean value of VAS at presentation was 8.02 ± 0.72 which was decreased to 3.16 ± 1.63; P < 0.0001. All 45 patients underwent PRP injection in iliolumbar ligament and 42 patients (93.33’) showed reduction in mean VAS score from 8 ± 0.67 (at presentation) to 0.89 ± 1.23 after 6 weeks follow up; P < 0.0001. Iliolumbar ligament thickness was decreased from the day of presentation (2.66 ± 0.22) to 6 weeks after therapeutic intervention (0.91 ± 0.42); P < 0.0001. Conclusion: The ultrasound guided diagnostic and therapeutic intervention were found to result in a specific diagnosis and remarkable recovery in the iliolumbar syndrome group of nonspecific low back pain patients.
Isolated distal adductor magnus tendon avulsion as a rare cause of medial knee pain. A case report
Authors: Iqbal Aamer , Kalia Shekhar , Beale David , James Steven L , Botchu Rajesh 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAvulsion injuries of adductor frequently involve the proximal origin. We report the first case of avulsion fracture of adductor magnus at its insertion and discuss the relevant anatomy.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penentuan Penerima Bantuan Siswa Miskin Metode Teorema Bayes
Authors: Nurjanah Anisyah Jatu Siti , Akbar Mutaqin 
Published: January 2021

Program Bantuan Siswa Miskin adalah Program Nasional yang bertujuan untuk menghilangkan halangan siswa miskin berpartisipasi untuk bersekolah dengan membantu siswa miskin memperoleh akses pelayanan pendidikan yang layak, mencegah putus sekolah, menarik siswa miskin untuk kembali bersekolah, membantu siswa memenuhi kebutuhan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran, mendukung program Wajib Belajar Pendidikan Dasar Sembilan Tahun (bahkan hingga tingkat menengah atas), serta membantu kelancaran program sekolah.
Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode Teorema Bayes. Teorema Bayes adalah teorema yang digunakan dalam statistika untuk menghitung peluang suatu hipotesis. Untuk variabel yang digunakan dalam penghitungan yakni 12 kriteria dan 2 golongan serta bobot-bobot kriteria terhadap masing-masing golongan.
Berdasarkan 50 data yang telah diujikan terhadap kepala sekolah dan sistem, sistem dapat mendeteksi 2 golongan yaitu rekomendasi dan non rekomendasi untuk siswa yang berhak dan tidaknya menerima bantuan siswa miskin dan sesuai dengan validasi kepala sekolah atau wakil kepala sekolah adalah 45 siswa dan yang tidak sesuai adalah 5 siswa. Berdasarkan hasil validasi kepala sekolah atau wakil kepala sekolah dan sistem, diperoleh akurasi 80% data kasus yang sesuai.
Intervenção pedagógica e mediação: convergências entre teoria histórico-cultural e Yves Lenoir
Authors: Pissinatti Larissa Gotti , Mori Nerli Nonato Ribeiro 
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar uma revisão de literatura sobre o conceito de intervenção pedagógica e sua relação com o conceito de mediação proposto pela teoria histórico-cultural. Fundamentar a intervenção pedagógica e, especialmente, o conceito de mediação é uma questão atual. Para discutir estes temas, fizemos uma breve abordagem histórica do termo intervenção e buscamos aproximar pressupostos da teoria histórico-cultural, principalmente em Lev Semyonovich Vigotski, com as dimensões empírica, pragmática e operacional, do termo intervenção pedagógica, conforme proposto por Yves Lenoir. Abordamos os argumentos utilizados pelos autores e, em seguida, identificamos aspectos de convergência entre eles. Os resultados indicam similaridades entre as abordagens. Identificamos três elementos que permitem relacionar os termos: desejo, indicando a intenção da regulação; práxis, pois é uma ação refletida por um problema advindo da prática; interdisciplinaridade, já que envolve diversas dimensões do ser humano. Assim como, observamos a importância de compreender os conceitos relacionados à intervenção. Nesse sentido, intervir é mediar e regular para o desenvolvimento das funções psíquicas superiores.
Detection and cataloging of space debris’ small-sized fragment of the 20th stellar magnitude
Authors: Бахтигараев Н.С. , Левкина П.А. , Шеин А.В. 
Published: January 2021

На обсерватории Терскольского филиала ИНАСАН 24 сентября 2020 г. на комплексе телескопа Цейсс-2000 впервые был обнаружен и наблюдался в течение двух ночей фрагмент космического мусора 20-й звездной величины на геосинхронной орбите, что соответствует размерам менее 10 см. Объект был каталогизирован в динамической базе космических объектов ИПМ им. М.В. Келдыша под номером 71113. Топоцентрическое расстояние до фрагмента во время наблюдений менялось от 36862 км до 37224 км при фазовых углах от 53 ◦ до 68 ◦ , амплитуда изменения блеска объекта - от 19-й до 21-й звездной величины в интегральном свете. Приводятся параметры орбиты и диаграммы изменения блеска.
On September 24, 2020, at the Terskol observatory of INASAN, a fragment of space debris’ of the 20th magnitude in geosynchronous orbit was first detected and observed for two nights using the Zeiss-2000 telescope, which corresponds to a size of less than 10 cm. The object was catalogued in the dynamic database of space objects of the Keldysh Institute of the RAS under the number 71113. The topocentric distance to the fragment during observations varied from 36862 km to 37224 km at phase angles from 53 ◦ to 68 ◦ . The object’s brightness ranged from the 19th to the 21st magnitude. The parameters of the orbit and the brightness change diagrams are given.
The concept of the Moon-based astrophysical UV telescope (The Luna-UV project)
Authors: Сачков М.Е. , Шугаров А.С. , Шмагин В.Е. , Сичевский С.Г. 
Published: January 2021

В работе предложена концепция широкоугольного УФ телескопа небольшой апертуры для проведения обзорных наблюдений в УФ с поверхности Луны с целью устранения неполноты каталога УФ-источников GALEX, а также для решения ряда других научных задач, решение которых затруднено при использовании наземных телескопов. Кратко рассмотрены варианты оптической схемы, способов наведения телескопа, предложены научные светофильтры и современный КМОП детектор.
We present the concept of a small-aperture wide field UV telescope for conducting survey observations in UV from the Moon surface in order to eliminate the incompleteness of the GALEX catalog of UV sources, as well as to solve a number of other scientific problems that are difficult to solve when using ground-based telescopes. We briefly discuss the variants of the optical scheme, methods of pointing the telescope, scientific light filters and a modern CMOS detector.
Identification and prioritization of the challenges of using cryptocurrencies in international transactions
Authors: Tavasoli Amirhamzeh 
Published: January 2021

Cryptocurrencies have attracted the attention of many investors, entrepreneurs, regulators and the public today. By popular definition, the cryptocurrency is an asset in a blockchain that can be transferred between actors on the scene of exchange and hence used as a payment instrument. Completely decentralized cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin have attracted public interest and are far more successful than previous e-money. Despite the importance of these currencies, in third world countries like Iran country, people don't interest in using these types of currencies to their trading. So, in this study, we find and rank the challenges of using cryptocurrencies in international trading. To this end, the challenges of using cryptocurrencies were identified by reviewing the literature. Then, the identified factors were prioritized using the AHP technique. In general, four criteria and twenty-eight criteria were compared. The results show that technical factors are the most important criteria in comparison with the purpose; the risk-taking is the most important person reason; the negative attitude to cryptocurrencies in society is the most important social reason; the lack of sufficient funds to develop the use of cryptocurrencies, and the failure to properly find the parties to the transaction is the most important technical reason which can affect cryptocurrencies adoption in international trading.
What Is the Future of the Lower Mekong Basin Struggling against Human Activities? A Review
Authors: Le Meur Mathieu , Le Phu Vo , Gratiot Nicolas 
Published: January 2021

The Mekong River (MR) is recognized the 12th biggest rivers in the world. The Mekong watershed is the biggest one in Southeast Asia (795,000 km2), is densely populated (70 million people), is considered as the most productive one in Southeast Asia and is economically essential to the region. However, nowadays, the Lower Mekong River (LMR) and its delta are facing several emerging and critical anthropogenic stressors (dams construction, climate change, water poor quality, delta sinking). This review attempts to: (i) present the Mekong regional characteristics (geography, topological settings, climatic conditions, hydrology, demographic features and the anthropogenic activities), (ii) present the different factors that endanger the LMR, including the dam’s impacts, the climate change, the delta subsidence, and the degradation of the water quality, (iii) make comparison with different big rivers around the world and (iv) promote future decisions in order to minimize the negative impacts and seek for a trajectory that assures well-being and sustainability. International consultation and cooperation leading to sustainable management is now of a pivotal importance to try to avoid the deterioration of the LMR and its delta.