bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of neurocognitive and perceived speech deficits in patients with head and neck cancer before treatment: Associations with demographic, behavioral, and disease‐related factors
Authors: Piai Vitória , Jansen Femke , Dahlslätt Kristoffer , Verdonck‐de Leeuw Irma M. , Prins Judith , Leemans René , Terhaard Chris H. J. , Langendijk Johannes A. , Baatenburg de Jong Robert J. , Smit Johannes H. , Takes Robert , P. C. Kessels Roy ,   NET‐QUBIC Consortium
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundNeurocognition and speech, relevant domains in head and neck cancer (HNC), may be affected pretreatment. However, the prevalence of pretreatment deficits and their possible concurrent predictors are poorly understood.MethodsUsing an HNC prospective cohort (Netherlands Quality of Life and Biomedical Cohort Study, N ≥ 444) with a cross‐sectional design, we investigated the estimated prevalence of pretreatment deficits and their relationship with selected demographic, behavioral, and disease‐related factors.ResultsUsing objective assessments, rates of moderate‐to‐severe neurocognitive deficit ranged between 4% and 8%. From patient‐reported outcomes, 6.5% of patients reported high levels of cognitive failures and 46.1% reported speech deficits. Patient‐reported speech functioning was worse in larynx compared to other subsites. Other nonspeech outcomes were unrelated to any variable. Patient‐reported neurocognitive and speech functioning were modestly correlated, especially in the larynx group.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that a subgroup of patients with HNC shows pretreatment deficits, possibly accentuated in the case of larynx tumors.
Psychopharmacoepidemiology of antidepressant medications among homeless and unstably housed service users in the Veterans Affairs healthcare system
Authors: Tsai Jack , Szymkowiak Dorota , Iheanacho Theddeus 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study conducted a pharmacoepidemiologic examination of antidepressant prescription patterns in homeless and unstably housed (HUH) populations.MethodsData were analyzed on over 2.6 million veterans from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), the largest provider of healthcare for HUH veterans and a system that does not require healthcare insurance.ResultsMultivariable analyses revealed that HUH veterans with depression and PTSD were less likely to receive an antidepressant Rx compared to their stably housed (SH) counterparts with these conditions (OR = 0.77, 99% CI = 0.74–0.79; and OR = 0.87, 99% CI = 0.84–0.90, respectively). Antidepressants were mostly prescribed in specialty mental health care settings, but HUH veterans were less likely to be prescribed antidepressants in primary care settings than SH veterans. In the total sample, the 40–49 age group, female sex, VA service‐connected disability, outpatient mental health visits, and emergency department visits were positively associated with any antidepressant Rx. Nearly all psychiatric diagnoses were more associated with prescription of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors/serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs/SNRIs) than tricyclic antidepressants.ConclusionThese findings highlight socioeconomic disparities in antidepressant Rx in a healthcare system that does not rely on insurance and suggest clinical challenges with antidepressant prescriptions in HUH populations.
Source plasma deferral trends: A 3‐year analysis of 255 centers in the United States
Authors: Schmidt Amy E. , MacKercher Jaime , Youngling Barbara , Simon Toby L. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPlasma contains many important proteins of therapeutic interest including albumin, clotting factors, and antibodies. Source plasma (SP) is in great demand particularly due to a shortage of immunoglobulin. To better understand how to increase supply, we examined SP donor deferrals for the previous 3 years.Study designThis is a description of donor deferrals at 255 plasma donation centers in the United States for April 1, 2017 to March 31, 2020.ResultsA total of 4 587 923 events were evaluated for the 3‐year period 2017‐2020. There were 873 227 deferrals analyzed for 2017‐2018, 1 765 582 in 2018‐2019, and 1 949 114 for 2019‐2020. The most common deferral each year was for unacceptable blood pressure (BP) or pulse which comprised 27.9%, 28.2%, and 28.3% of deferrals in 2017‐2018, 2018‐2019, and 2019‐2020, respectively. The second most common cause of deferral was for unacceptable hematocrit which comprised 14.1% of deferrals in 2017‐2018, and 16.0% in 2018‐2019 and 2019‐2020. The majority of these deferred donors had low hematocrits and were predominately (~80%) female. Deferral for unacceptable total protein comprised a smaller percentage (~4%) of deferrals.DiscussionMost donor deferrals were due to unacceptable screening results, particularly high BP, elevated pulse, low protein, and low hematocrit. Although rates of deferrals in other categories have been slightly increasing over time, they comprise a small percentage. Donor education regarding healthy lifestyle choices may improve overall donor health, decrease deferrals, and increase SP supply.
Infrared detection of Criegee intermediates
Authors: Wang Chia C. , Chang Yuan‐Pin , Chung Chao‐Yu 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this mini‐review article, we present the recent progress of utilizing three types of infrared (IR) spectroscopic tools to investigate the chemistry of Criegee intermediates (CIs). The first part of this article described a recent work of Wang et al., which utilized rapid‐scan FTIR to detect CIs created from ozonolysis. The second part of this article describes the advantages of quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) used as novel IR spectroscopic tools to probe CIs and the key concepts of experimental implementations. We also summarize the works of Chang and co‐workers, which utilized distributed feedback QCLs with thermal chirping to detect the simplest CI, CH2OO, and the subsequent kinetics measurements, such as reactions of CH2OO with ozone, CH3SH, and dimethyl sulfoxide. In the last part of this article, we described the key ideas of external‐cavity QCLs coupled with off‐axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy, which was proposed by Chung et al., and also the latest progress on determination of the band strength of CH2OO and its rate coefficient with O3.
Low serum interleukin‐38 levels in patients with Graves’ disease and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Authors: Xu Jialu , Huang Guoqing , Weng Linjie , Gong Luping , Mao Yushan , Li Yan , Li Mingcai 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundAutoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) mainly includes Graves’ disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), which is caused by individual genetics, autoimmune dysfunction, and a variety of external environmental factors. Interleukin (IL)‐38 is involved in a wide range of autoimmune diseases, but little is known about IL‐38 expression in AITD.MethodsFifty patients with GD, 50 with HT, and 50 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. Basic information of the participants was obtained through a physical examination. Immunological data were obtained by an automatic chemiluminescence immunoanalyzer. C‐reactive protein (CRP) concentrations and the white blood cell count were measured. Serum IL‐38 levels were determined by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsSerum IL‐38 levels were significantly lower in the GD and HT groups than in the HC group (bothp < 0.01). Serum CRP concentrations were significantly lower in the HT group than in the HC group (p < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve was 0.7736 (p < 0.01) for IL‐38 and 0.7972 (p < 0.01) for IL‐38 combined with CRP in the GD group. In the HT group, the area under the curve was 0.7276 (p < 0.01) for IL‐38 and 0.7300 for IL‐38 combined with CRP (p < 0.01).ConclusionsThe results suggest that serum IL‐38 level is a potential new diagnostic biomarker in patients with GD and HT.
Effects of IL‐32 polymorphisms and IL‐32 levels on the susceptibility and severity of coronary artery disease
Authors: Jin Susu , Liu Xiujing , Wang Yingying , Yu Jian , Jiang Minghua 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundInterleukin‐32 (IL‐32) has long been proposed as a biomarker for coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to evaluate the association between IL‐32 levels and coronary stenosis severity, IL‐32 polymorphisms rs28372698 and rs4786370, and CAD susceptibility.MethodsA total of 362 patients with definite or suspected CAD that underwent angiography were recruited (CAD group, n = 175; nonobstructive CAD group, n = 56; control group, n = 131). The severity of coronary stenosis was assessed using the Gensini score and the number of diseased vessels. IL‐32 levels were determined using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Gene polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR and sequencing techniques.ResultsIL‐32 levels were significantly different at different levels of coronary artery stenosis (p < 0.05), and logIL‐32 was positively correlated with the Gensini score (r = 0.357, p < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that IL‐32 was independently associated with CAD (OR = 6.526, 95% CI: 3.344–12.739, p < 0.01). The receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed the area under the curve for discriminating the CAD and Gensini score were 0.605 and 0.613, respectively. Furthermore, IL‐32 levels were significantly higher before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) than at 7 days post‐PCI (p = 0.012). The homozygous TT genotype and T allele of rs28372698 were found to be associated with increased risk of CAD, while TT homozygosity and the T allele of rs4786370 with reduced risk of CAD (p < 0.05). However, both SNPs had no obvious effect on IL‐32 levels or coronary stenosis severity in patients with CAD.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, our study is the first to show that rs28372698 and rs4786370 are associated with CAD susceptibility in Chinese Han population. We also suggest that plasma IL‐32 levels may be indicative of coronary artery stenosis and the efficacy of PCI and provide guidance for risk stratification and disease management.
A novel model based on liquid‐liquid phase separation–Related genes correlates immune microenvironment profiles and predicts prognosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhuge Lingdun , Zhang Kun , Zhang Zeliang , Guo Wentao , Li Yang , Bao Qi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to construct and validate a robust prognostic model based on liquid‐liquid phase separation (LLPS)–related genes in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC).MethodsThe Cancer Genome Atlas dataset was used as the discovery set to identify the LLPS‐related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between LUSC and normal tissue. These DEGs were screened by the LASSO Cox regression analysis to identify the genes with nonzero coefficient, which were next included in the multivariate Cox regression analysis to construct the prediction model. The dataset GSE41271 was adopted as the validation set to verify the efficacy of the model. Enrichment analysis and the CIBERSORT were performed to illustrate potential immune mechanisms underlying the prediction model.ResultsA total of 48 LLPS‐related genes were aberrantly expressed in LUSC. Among them, 7 genes were selected by the LASSO Cox regression analysis to construct the prediction model. Risk index (RI) was calculated according to the model for each patient. The prognosis was significantly different between the patients with high and low RI in the discovery set and the validation set (p < 0.001 and p = 0.028, respectively). The multivariate survival analysis confirmed RI as an independent prognostic factor in LUSC (in the discovery set: p < 0.001, HR = 2.643, 95% CI = 1.986–3.518; in the validation set: p = 0.042, HR = 2.144, 95% CI = 1.026–4.480). A series of pathways involving immune cells were found to be related to RI. The distribution pattern of immune cells and chemokines varied according to the value of RI.ConclusionThe prediction model based on LLPS‐related genes was constructed and validated as a robust prognostic tool for LUSC using multiple datasets. LLPS might have an impact on LUSC through immune pathways.
Design, synthesis, and computational explorations of novel 2‐thiohydantoin nucleosides with cytotoxic activities
Authors: Khodair Ahmed I. , Bakare Safyah B. , Awad Mohamed K. , Al‐Issa Siham A. , Nafie Mohamed S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA novel series of S‐alkylated, N‐alkylated, and N‐glycosylated 2‐thiohydantoin derivatives were synthesized via the reaction of (E)‐5‐(arylidene)‐1‐phenyl‐2‐thiohydantoins 5a–d with alkyl halides/glycosyl bromides under aqueous, anhydrous alkaline/glycosylation conditions, respectively. The structures of the novel compounds were confirmed by elemental analyses and spectral data. Computational studies using DFT calculations with B3LYP/6‐31 + G (d,p) level were performed to study the electronic and geometric properties obtained from the stable structure of the investigated compounds. A good correlation was found between the quantum chemical parameters and experimental observations. The synthesized derivatives exhibited good binding interactions towards the cyclin‐dependent kinase 2, especially (E)‐5‐(chlorobenzylidene)‐3‐(2′0.3′0.4′0.6′‐tetra‐O‐acetyl‐β‐d‐galactopyranosyl)‐1‐phenyl‐2‐thiohydantoin (11g), which have good key interactions such as the co‐crystallized ligand. In addition, it had selective cytotoxic activities with IC50 = 12.4 μM against lung cancer A549 cells.
Profiling serum levels of glutathione reductase and interleukin‐10 in positive and negative‐PCR COVID‐19 outpatients: A comparative study from southwestern Iran
Authors: Naghashpour Mahshid , Ghiassian Hamid , Mobarak Sara , Adelipour Maryam , Piri Maghsud , Seyedtabib Maryam , Golabi Sahar 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSince the outbreak of COVID‐19 in China, it has rapidly spread across many other countries. We evaluated antioxidant defense systems and inflammatory status related to the SARS‐CoV2 infection in a population from southwestern Iran. Comorbidities and clinical symptoms of 104 subjects (comprising negative and positive‐PCR COVID‐19 outpatients) were assessed. Serum concentrations of glutathione reductase (GR) and interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) were measured using ELISA. In the positive‐PCR group, follow‐ups on clinical symptoms were carried out for 28 days at 7‐day intervals. In the positive‐PCR group, hypertension, diabetes, liver disease, chronic heart disease, and chronic kidney disease were the most common comorbidities. In the general category of symptoms, we found a significant difference between negative and positive‐PCR groups, except regarding runny noses. In the pulmonary category, there was a significant difference between the two groups except in terms of chest pain. We also determined a significant difference in neurologic symptoms, except for ear pain, between negative and positive‐PCR groups. We also found significantly lower levels of GR but higher levels of IL‐10 in the positive‐PCR group (p = 0.000 for both). In the positive‐PCR group, serum levels of IL‐10 (odds ratio = 0.914, p = 0.012) decreased the chances of neurological symptoms occurring over time. The antioxidant defense systems of positive‐PCR outpatients failed as demonstrated by a reduction in the serum levels of GR. We also indicated a dysregulation in the immune response against COVID‐19, characterized by changes in serum IL‐10 levels.
The Creativity Dare: Attitudes Toward Creativity and Prediction of Creative Behavior in School
Authors: Ivcevic Zorana , Hoffmann Jessica D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn a sample of high school students (preliminary study: N = 224; main study: N = 235 and 194 at two time points in the beginning and the end of the school year), we developed and tested a self‐report measure of attitudes toward creativity. Exploratory factor analyses identified and replicated one factor of positive attitudes toward creativity—valuing creativity, and two factors describing negative attitudes—anticipating negative social consequences and anxious risk aversion. These aspects of attitudes toward creativity showed convergent and discriminant validity in relation to measures of personality and motivation (e.g., attitude of anxious risk aversion correlated with academic performance avoid goals, valuing creativity positively correlated with openness to experience, while risk aversion and anticipating negative social consequences negatively correlated with openness). Regression analyses showed that attitudes toward creativity predict creativity variables beyond openness to experience (incremental predictive validity). Lending support for the context‐specific nature of attitudes toward creativity, attitudes predicted motivation for engaging with creative challenges at school and creative behavior at school (measured through both observer and self‐reports), but not overall creative achievement (not specific to the school context).
Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals factors underlying differences in fruit quality between Fragaria nilgerrensis and Fragaria pentaphylla
Authors: Shen Jincheng , Shao Wanlu , Li Junmin , Lu Hongfei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDStrawberries have become one of the most popular fruits because of their unique flavor and high nutritional value. Fruit quality and price are the most important criteria that determine consumer acceptability. Fragaria nilgerrensis and Fragaria pentaphylla are two wild Asian diploid strawberry species that differ in fruit color, taste, and aroma. To understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of high‐quality strawberry fruit, we integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics research methods to compare the metabolic and biosynthetic mechanisms of the two Fragaria species.RESULTSF. nilgerrensis fruit has higher amino acid and lipid contents and a higher sugar‐to‐acid ratio than F. pentaphylla fruit does, underlying their superior nutritional value, aroma, firmness, and taste. Compared with F. nilgerrensis fruit, F. pentaphylla fruit contained more flavonoids, indicating its enhanced color and health benefits. In addition, candidate structural genes that regulate the biosynthesis of flavonoids, amino acids, and glycerophospholipids in the two strawberry fruit were screened.CONCLUSIONSThe differences in aroma, firmness, and taste between F. nilgerrensis fruit and F. pentaphylla fruit are probably due to differences in their amino acid and lipid contents, as well as the difference in their sugar‐to‐acid ratios. Eight key structural genes that may play important roles in the biosynthesis of amino acids, lipids, and flavonoids were identified. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Identification of functional genes associated with the biotransformation of limonene to trans‐dihydrocarvone in Klebsiella sp. O852
Authors: Zhang Lu‐Lu , Fan Gang , Li Xiao , Ren Jing‐Nan , Huang Wen , Pan Si‐Yi , He Jin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDNatural dihydrocarvone has been widely used in the food, cosmetics, agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals industries because of its sensory properties and physiological effects. In our previous study, Klebsiella sp. O852 was shown to be capable of converting limonene to trans‐dihydrocarvone with high catalytic efficiency. Thus, it was essential to identify and characterize the functional genes involved in limonene biotransformation using genome sequencing and heterologous expression.RESULTSThe 5.49‐Mb draft genome sequence of Klebsiella sp. O852 contained 5218 protein‐encoding genes. Seven candidate genes participating in the biotransformation of limonene to trans‐dihydrocarvone were identified by genome analysis. Heterologous expression of these genes in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) indicated that 0852_GM005124 and 0852_GM003417 could hydroxylate limonene in the six position to yield carveol, carvone and trans‐dihydrocarvone. 0852_GM002332 and 0852_GM001602 could catalyze the oxidation of carveol to carvone and trans‐dihydrocarvone. 0852_GM000709, 0852_GM001600 and 0852_GM000954 had high carvone reductase activity toward the hydrogenation of carvone to trans‐dihydrocarvone.CONCLUSIONThe results obtained in the present study suggest that the seven genes described above were responsible for converting limonene to trans‐dihydrocarvone. The present study contributes to providing a foundation for the industrial production of trans‐dihydrocarvone in microbial chassis cells using synthetic biology strategies. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
A cascade model of complex posttraumatic stress disorder centered on childhood trauma and maltreatment, attachment, and socio‐interpersonal factors
Authors: Maercker Andreas , Bernays Florence , Rohner Shauna L. , Thoma Myriam V. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe present study proposes and tests a cascade model of complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) focusing on childhood trauma and maltreatment, attachment, and socio‐interpersonal factors. Multigroup path analysis was used to examine data from 126 individuals formerly affected by compulsory social measures and placements (CSMP) in their childhood and/or adolescence (i.e., risk group [RG]; M age = 70.8 years) and an age‐matched control group (CG; n = 125; M age = 70.6 years). The final model confirmed the cascade structure, with stronger associations emerging in the RG. Childhood trauma and maltreatment were associated with attachment anxiety, β = |.20|–.30, which was related to all socio‐interpersonal factors (i.e., disclosure of trauma, social acknowledgment, and social support), β = .27–|.54|; the latter were associated with substantial aspects of the CPTSD symptoms as well as life satisfaction, β = |.21|–.42. Among participants in the CG, we observed more direct, rather than mediated, paths to CPTSD symptoms. Adulthood trauma exposure did not follow the full cascade pattern but was associated with the socio‐interpersonal factors. Nevertheless, more in‐depth clinical knowledge of CPTSD and potential targets for psychological treatment may be gained from the confirmation of this newly proposed cascade model of CPTSD.
Grief as a predictor of long‐term risk for suicidal ideation and attempts of parentally bereaved children and adolescents
Authors: Sandler Irwin , Yun‐Tien Jenn , Zhang Na , Wolchik Sharlene , Thieleman Kara 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAlthough children who experience the death of a parent have a heightened risk of suicidality, the long‐term associations between grief and suicidality among bereaved youth have yet to be examined. Research is needed to test the specific aspects of grief associated with suicidality, after controlling for other risk factors, in this population. Grief and covariates, including age, gender, parental cause of death, time since parental death, depression, anxiety, internalizing problems, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and child treatment involvement, were assessed at baseline, 6‐year, and 15‐year follow‐ups in a sample of 244 parentally bereaved youth aged 8–16 years. Utilizing multiple grief measures, a bifactor approach was used to identify a general factor and two uncorrelated specific factors: Intrusive Grief Thoughts and Social Detachment/Insecurity. Suicidal thoughts and attempts were assessed at both follow‐ups. The Intrusive Grief Thoughts specific factor had a prospective nonlinear association with suicidality at both follow‐ups after controlling for all baseline covariates. The nonlinear relation consisted of a large effect, OR > 73 (using the rescaled scores), on the increased risk of suicidality from low to moderate levels of intrusive grief, with no association from moderate to high levels. At 6‐year follow‐up, the specific Social Detachment/Insecurity factor was significantly associated with suicidality after controlling for covariates. Specific grief factors assessed at different points were associated with suicidal thoughts or attempts among parentally bereaved youth. These findings highlight the significance of specific aspects of child and adolescent grief that have implications for the development of upstream suicide prevention services.