bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L
1-solutions of the boundary value problem for implicit fractional order differential equations
Authors: Telli Benoumran , Souid Mohammed Said 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to present new results
on the existence of solutions for a class of the boundary value problem for fractional
order implicit differential equations involving the Caputo fractional
derivative. Our results are based on Schauder’s fixed point theorem and
the Banach contraction principle fixed point theorem.
Integral solutions of nondense impulsive conformable-fractional differential equations with nonlocal condition
Authors: Bouaouid Mohamed , Hilal Khalid , Hannabou Mohamed 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a class of nondense impulsive differential equations with nonlocal condition in the frame of the conformable fractional derivative is studied. The abstract results concerning the existence, uniqueness and stability of the integral solution are obtained by using the extrapolation semigroup approach combined with some fixed point theorems.
Fixed point theorems for a new generalization of contractive maps in incomplete metric spaces and its application in boundary value problems
Authors: Ahmadi Zahra , Lashkaripour Rahmatollah , Baghani Hamid 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we obtain some fixed point theorems for multivalued mappings in incomplete metric spaces. Moreover, as motivated by the recent work of
Olgun, Minak and Altun
[M. Olgun, G. Minak and I. Altun,
A new approach to Mizoguchi–Takahashi type fixed point theorems,
J. Nonlinear Convex Anal. 17 2016, 3, 579–587], we improve these theorems with a new generalization contraction condition for multivalued mappings in incomplete metric spaces. This result is a significant generalization of some well-known results in the literature. Also, we provide some examples to show that our main theorems are a generalization of previous results. Finally, we give an application to a boundary value differential equation.
Green-SÖP: The Socio-ecological Panel Survey: 2012–2016
Authors: Klick Larissa , Kussel Gerhard , Sommer Stephan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Evaluating environmental questions is a crucial issue in today’s economic research and policy making. The Green-SÖP offers a comprehensive data base to enrich an empirically led scientific discourse as a survey data set on environmental and energy-related topics in Germany. The data set on more than 6000 households was collected by RWI – Leibniz Institute for Economic Research and partners between 2012 and 2016. The questions are very diverse and range from personal attitudes to environmental policy issues with a special focus on the consequences of climate change and individual behaviors as well as opinions on ecologically related matters.
Comparative effects of berberine and piperine on the neuroprotective potential of neostigmine
Authors: Adefegha Stephen Adeniyi , Oboh Ganiyu , Okeke Bathlomew Maduka 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This study examined effect of berberine and piperine on neuroprotective potential of neostigmine in the management of neurological disorders.

Methods
Berberine and neostigmine were weighed (30 g), dissolved in distilled water (30 mL) separately, while, 30 mg piperine was dissolved in ethanol (0.45 mL), made up to 30 mL with distilled water. Antioxidant activities in 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2, 2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) radical (ABTS), Fe-chelation, ferric reducing properties (FRAP), nitric oxide (NO) and hydroxyl (OH) radical scavenging abilities and Fe2+, cisplatin and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) induced lipid peroxidation (LPO), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) activities were assessed in vitro.

Results
The result revealed that tested compounds inhibited enzymes activities dose-dependently. However, berberine (IC50=0.17 mg/mL) had slight higher AChE inhibitory effect than piperine and neostigmine (p<0.05). Also, berberine had the highest BChE inhibitory effect (IC50=0.16 mg/mL) while piperine exhibited the highest MAO inhibitory effect (IC50=0.21 mg/mL). Berberine, piperine and neostigmine exhibited high antioxidant properties and inhibited Fe2+, cisplatin and SNP induced LPO.

Conclusions
Both alkaloids demonstrated antiradical scavenging ability comparable to neostigmine action against Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The modulatory and antioxidant berberine and piperine properties on these enzymes (AChE, BChE and MAO) could be possible underlying mechanisms in employing these compounds as a complementary therapy in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) management.
Emergence of antimicrobial resistance and magnitude of Unani medicine – scope and challenges
Authors: Anwar Noman , Ahmed N. Zaheer , Fathima A. Farhath , Begum Shehnaz , Khan Asim Ali 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Emergence of antimicrobial resistance, with practically all newly developed and even more potent antibiotics like carbapenem and colistin, has become a matter of great public health concern. A number of common diseases of public health importance are becoming harder and sometimes impossible to treat due to increased resistance of pathogens. These alarming threats seek prime attention of scientific community to develop newer antibiotics with long-lasting efficacy, least side effects, and low economic burden. Unani classical texts have enormous citations on different infectious diseases. Many single drugs and compound formulations are in vogue since ages for the treatment of infectious diseases. Use of Afaviya (spices), Mufarrehat (exhilarants), Tiryaqi Advia (drugs with antidote properties) and Sirka (vinegar) is highly advocated in treating various infectious diseases. Though, enormous research activities have been undertaken worldwide to explore and develop newer antibiotics from natural resources, indicating massive magnitude of natural products in treating various infectious diseases, however, the higher plants, still largely seems to be unexplored. Moreover, elaborated and well controlled clinical studies are still lacking to authenticate their clinical significance. Hence, a rigorous, well-designed & well-structured research is highly paramount to ascertain the provision of newer, relatively safe and cost effective natural antibiotics.
Vestibular stimulation: a noninvasive brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease & its implications
Authors: Jagadeesan Thanalakshmi , Rajagopal Archana , Sivanesan Senthilkumar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease, and it is characterized by both motor and neuropsychiatric problems. Effective treatment of PD requires a combination of pharmacotherapy and physiotherapy; however, existing treatment generally involves one medical discipline most probably interpretation by neurologist. This pharmacotherapy relay on dopaminergic medications which is not capable of bringing sufficient alleviation of all motor symptoms in PD. Implementing positive lifestyle activities can support patients to improve the quality of life, symptoms, and possibly slow down the disease progression. In far effective management of PD, clinics are trying to execute and promote the use of additional integrative approaches of care among PD patients. Notably, vestibular stimulation like noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation (nGVS) is being studied as a potential treatment for PD, and a number of studies have presented scientific evidence in support of this concept. In this review paper, we highlight the importance of vestibular stimulation in both human and animal studies as one of the promising interventional approaches for PD. All the existing studies are heterogeneous in study design, so further studies have to be conducted which meets the standards of randomized control trial with proper sample size to validate the findings of vestibular stimulation.
Medicinal importance of Papra (Podophyllum hexandrum Royle) in Unani System of Medicine
Authors: Kalam Mohd Afsahul , Malik Akhtar H. , Ganie Aijaz Hassan , Butt Tariq Ahmad 
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Podophyllum hexandrum Royle [=Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) T.S. Ying] is an important, endemic medicinal plant species of Himalaya. It is used in Unani System of Medicine under the name of ‘Papra’. The drug was not mentioned in previous literatures, but the first time it introduced in Unani Medicine by a great scholar Hakim Najmul Ghani. He has mentioned its uses and benefits in his classical book Khazainul Advia. In Unani Medicine the plant species has been used to treat various ailments like constipation, fever, jaundice, liver disorders, syphilis, diseases of lymph glands etc. In Kashmir Himalaya it is used to treat various diseases by local medicinemen, but now it is listed in rare drugs. Various pharmacological studies have been done such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, radio-protective etc., recently it has also been reported that podophyllotoxin or podophyllin can be used to treat some forms of cancers also.
Graphical splittings of Artin kernels
Authors: Barquinero Enrique Miguel , Ruffoni Lorenzo , Ye Kaidi 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
We study Artin kernels, i.e. kernels of discrete characters of right-angled Artin groups, and we show that they decompose as graphs of groups in a way that can be explicitly computed from the underlying graph.
When the underlying graph is chordal, we show that every such subgroup either surjects to an infinitely generated free group or is a generalized Baumslag–Solitar group of variable rank.
In particular, for block graphs (e.g. trees), we obtain an explicit rank formula and discuss some features of the space of fibrations of the associated right-angled Artin group.
Quasi-powerful 𝑝-groups
Authors: Williams James 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce the notion of a quasi-powerful p-group for odd primes p.
These are the finite p-groups G such that

G
/
Z

⁢

(
G
)

{G/Z(G)}

is powerful in the sense of Lubotzky and Mann.
We show that this large family of groups shares many of the same properties as powerful p-groups.
For example, we show that they have a regular power structure, and we generalise a result of Fernández-Alcober on the order of commutators in powerful p-groups to this larger family of groups.
We also obtain a bound on the number of generators of a subgroup of a quasi-powerful p-group, expressed in terms of the number of generators of the group, and we give an example which demonstrates this bound is close to best possible.
Investigations with all optical sequential circuit at higher data rate
Authors: Tripathi Devendra Kumar 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
All optical signal processing is one of the growing area, finds relevance where fast computing speed is one of the vital concern. Optical sequential logic system is the backbone of the ultrafast processing network. Accordingly, this article explores proposed optical sequential schemes for the JK and T-type optical flip flop’s investigation at higher data rate. The outputs have been verified for the JK and T-type flip flops. Numerical simulations showed ER of 11.6 and 10 dB for the executed designs. Design have been investigated for variation in pump current, data rate (10–100 Gbps), peak power, bias voltage yielded the optimal performance with ER of over 12 dB. This schematic is simple excludes expensive optoelectronic translation and outcomes are well helpful for the design of complex sequential logic operations.
A parallel cross-connection recovery scheme for dual link failure in elastic optical networks
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Kumar Rajiv , Sharma Neeru 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we proposed a fast recovery strategy for a dual link failure (DLF) in elastic optical network (EON). The EON is a promising solution to meet the next generation higher bandwidth demand. The survivability of high speed network is very crucial. As the network size increases the probability of the DLF and node failure also increases. Here, we proposed a parallel cross connection backup recovery strategy for DLF in the network. The average bandwidth blocking probability (BBP), bandwidth provisioning ratio (BPR), and recovery time (RT) for our proposed Intermediate node cross-connect backup for shared path protection (INCB-SPP) for ARPANET are 0.38, 2.71, 4.68 ms, and for DPP 0.70, 6.02, 8.71 ms and for SPP 0.40, 2.87, and 16.33 ms respectively. The average BBP, BPR, and RT of INCB-SPP for COST239 are 0.01, 1.71, 3.79 ms and for DPP are 0.39, 3.50, 8.20 ms and SPP are 0.04, 1.75, and 12.47 ms respectively. Hence, the proposed strategy shows lower BBP, fast connection recovery, and BPR when compared with the existing shared path protection (SPP) and dedicated path protection (DPP) approaches. Simulation is performed on ARPANET and COST239 topology networks.
Devices, communication techniques and networks for all optical communication: research issues
Authors: Kaushik Vikas , Saini Himanshi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe characteristics of all optical networks such as high speed, data carrying capacity and transparency make them suitable for emerged networks domain. This paper presents an overview of research challenges in the field of all optical communication networks. Various subdomains of an all optical system, for example device-level designs, communication technique-level designs and network-level designs have been extensively investigated and presented in this paper. Further, the related research issues under each category of these domains have been discussed. These issues constitute the basic criterion for further development in all optical domain.
The spelling and phonology of the dental stops in Hieroglyphic Luwian
Authors: Vertegaal Alexander 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates the distribution and use of the Hieroglyphic Luwian signs □ <ta> (L 100) and □ <ta> (L 29), expanding on and reacting to Rieken 2010. It appears <ta> and <ta> are used contrastively not only in a select subset of texts from the Karkamiš region, but in large parts of the Hieroglyphic Luwian corpus in general. Word-internally, <ta> appears to be used wherever we expect to find a short stop (either voiced or voiceless), while <ta> is used for long (fortis) stops. This suggests that consonantal length was at least a phonetic feature in Hieroglyphic Luwian.
The origin of the phonetic value of the Anatolian hieroglyphic sign *41 (CAPERE/tà)
Authors: Kloekhorst Alwin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Following Rieken’s 2008 establishment that the Anatolian hieroglyphic sign *41 (CAPERE/ta) denoted the syllable /da/, with lenis /d/, Yakubovich (2008) argued that the sign’s phonetic value was acrophonically derived from the Hittite verb dā-i/d- ‘to take’. In the present article it is argued that this view can no longer be upheld in view of new proposals regarding the phonetic value of sign *41 (rather [da]) and the interpretation of Hitt. dā-i/d- (rather [tʔā-]). It is proposed that the value of sign *41 has instead been derived from the Luwian verb ‘to take’, lā-i/l-, which from a historical linguistic perspective must go back to earlier *.ā-i/ *.-. This acrophonic assignment of the value [da] to sign *41 must then be dated to the beginning of the 18th century BCE at the latest, which implies that already by that time the Anatolian hieroglyphs were in use as a real script that made use of phonetic signs.
Drawing lines: The palaeography of Linear A and Linear B
Authors: Salgarella Ester 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This paper focuses on the palaeography of two Bronze Age Aegean writing systems, Linear A and Linear B. Linear A, used to render the Minoan language (ca. 1800-1450 BC), is understood to have acted as template upon adaptation of the system to write Greek, giving rise to the script traditionally called Linear B (ca. 1400-1190 BC). The adaptation process is likely to have operated on different levels: palaeographical, structural, phonological, logographical, metrological. In this paper, the palaeographical level will be examined. In order to throw light on the transmission process on graphic grounds, that is to say from a palaeographical perspective, the study of sign variants comes to play a key role. For a script (i.e. the graphic manifestation of a writing system) to be analysed, it is in fact necessary to ‘single out’ its constitutive components, namely signs, as well as their different graphic representations, namely variants. The aim of this paper is to see how these sign variants, in both Linear A and Linear B, were treated and transmitted.
Two new Linear B tablets and an enigmatic find from Bronze Age Pylos (Palace of Nestor)
Authors: Judson Anna P. , Bennet John , Davis Jack L. , Stocker Sharon R. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article presents two newly-discovered fragments of Linear B tablets from recent excavations at the site of Ano Englianos, Bronze Age Pylos, along with a third possibly inscribed object.
Did Lycian adopt a new clause structure in place of inherited -r-passives?
Authors: Durnford Stephen P. B. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The corpora of the IE Anatolian languages vary widely in script, legibility, size, date, subject matter, and in the extent to which we understand them. Four syntactic features which they appear to have inherited are: a S(ubject)- O(bject)-V(erb) clause structure; declined anaphoric pronouns attached enclitically to a clause’s first accented element; the ability to move the object or verb to the start of a clause for emphasis (“fronting”); the option not to enforce case and number agreement among more than two coordinated elements. The discovery of the Lycian languages and our current understanding of them is summarised. It is proposed, although the evidence comes primarily from Lycian A: that languages of the southwest Luwic area, namely, the alphabetically written Carian and the two from Lycia, had changed to a basic SVO clause; that Lycian A, and probably B too, abandoned the inherited medio-passive conjugations in -r-, which are absent from their corpora; that the passive preterite was expressed by a periphrastic OVS construction with fronted direct object, then me and a particle chain starting with the n- found clause-initially in Hittite but absent from other Luwic dialects, then innovatively appending *-an to the verb, and with the subject last.
Bare classifier phrases in Thai and other mainland Asian languages: implications for classifier theory and typology
Authors: Pichetpan Nitipong , Post Mark W. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article provides a comprehensive analysis of the little-known “bare classifier phrase” construction in Modern Standard Thai. It describes the syntax, semantics and discourse functions of Thai bare classifier phrases, and further proposes a diachronic account of their origin in reduction of post-posed numeral ‘one’. Following this synchronic and diachronic description, this article attempts to locate Thai within a working typology of bare classifier constructions in mainland Asian languages, and further argues for the importance of bare classifier constructions to the theory of classifiers more generally. Following Bisang (1999) and others, it argues that bare classifier constructions reveal the core function of classifiers in Asian languages to beindividuation– a referential function. It therefore cautions against some recent proposals to merge classifiers and gender markers within a single categorical space defined on the semantic basis of nominal classification, and in favour of continuing to treat classifiers as a discrete linguistic category – in mainland Asian languages, at least.
Spatial ecology of lions in a small, semi-fenced park surrounded by dense human populations: the case study of Nairobi National Park, Kenya
Authors: Lesilau Francis , Verschueren Stijn , van’t Zelfde Maarten , Musters Kees C. J. M. , de Snoo Geert R. , de Iongh Hans H. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Human population growth near protected areas often results in detrimental edge effects for apex carnivores, such as the African lion. Urbanization leads to new scenarios of the human–lion conflict, thus understanding ranging patterns close to urban environments is crucial to inform future management strategies. We collected GPS data from 12 collared lions between 2014 and 2018 in Nairobi National Park, which borders the capital city of Kenya, Nairobi city. We estimated home ranges, calculated daily distance traveled and tested for differences between sex, season and pride. Additionally, we investigated how disturbance from Nairobi and surrounding human settlements affected space-use of lions, and tested for differences between sex, season and time of day. Lions showed restricted movements (4.5 km/day) and had small home ranges (49 km2). Male lions had larger ranges than females, but avoidance behavior of disturbed areas was similar. Lions took advantage during times of low human activity, i.e., during the night, to extend ranging behavior in search for resources. Risk for livestock depredation also increased during the wet season when lions roamed longer, more frequently, and deeper into the community lands. We recommend the establishment of buffer zones to maintain a viable lion population and reduced risk for conflict.