bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxocarbons Electrode Materials for Alkali Ion Batteries: Challenges, Strategies and Development
Authors: Zhang Zhengna , Ma Jianjun , Zhang Rui , Rajagopalan Ranjusha , Tang Yougen , Ren Yu , Wang Haiyan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBenefiting from the high theoretic capacity, structural designability, low cost, abundant resources and sustainability, oxocarbons materials have attracted extensive attention as a promising candidate to replace inorganic electrode materials for alkali ion batteries (AIBs). This review focuses on the in‐depth evaluation of the electrochemical properties of oxocarbons for lithium, sodium and potassium ion batteries. Further, we summarize the evolution, challenges and opportunities of oxocarbon compounds based on our current understanding. In addition, we identified two main aspects that limit their applications as electrode materials: 1) inferior conductivity and 2) fast capacity decay. Hence, in this review we also integrate different strategies to improve these two aspects, e. g., compositing with carbon, grafting conductive polymers, nanostructuring, optimizing electrolytes, designing interface, and selecting appropriate binders. This review can be useful to understand the practical application and commercial feasibility of such materials for different AIBs applications.
Gonadorelins adherence in prostate cancer: A time‐series analysis of England’s national prescriptions during the COVID‐19 pandemic (from Jan 2019 to Oct 2020)
Authors: Barrett Ravina , Barrett Robert , Dhar Kalyan , Birch Brian 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the effect of the COVID‐19 pandemic on gonadorelin analogue prescription for community patients in England.Materials and methodsWe included data from all primary‐care patients who had relevant prescriptions dispensed in the community in England. Descriptive statistics and interrupted time series analysis over 22 months (15 months before and 7 months after lockdown) was evaluated.ResultsA total of 22 months’ worth of data were analyzed (or 1 041 638 total items, monthly average 47 347 items). Goserelin; leuprorelin, and triptorelin are the medicines most used by total quantity in the study period. Simple descriptive statistics show that mean values have declined during the pandemic. The Interrupted Time Series (ARIMA Modeling) shows declining trends.After the pandemic's onset, we observe a statistically significant downward trend for goserelin (P = .017) and leuprorelin (P = .014). As these are the major constituents of the model, we interpret this overall data as showing a significant downward category trend. Aside from linearity, a significant step change was noted for leuprorelin (P = .029) showing an increase in prescription items with a similar effect that is close to being statistically significant for goserelin (P = .051).The actual cost of medicines shows minimal variation suggesting that prices of individual medicines have remained stable. The regional data showed variation but this was not statistically significant. In all cases, the Oct‐20 figures are lower “year on year.” This novel work reports the impact of a global pandemic on prescription volumes of prostate cancer (PCa) medicines.ConclusionsA worrying decrease in prescription medicines raises concerns for the care of PCa patients. We encourage diagnosed patients to discuss their planned care with their doctor.
Clinical significance of novel identified high‐frequency tumor‐specific peptides associated signature in predicting disease status of gastric cancer patients
Authors: Li Bin , Geng Huizhen , Li Zibo , Peng Bing , Wang Jinfeng , Yin Xiaolei , Li Ning , Shi Jianfei , Zhao Man , Li Cuizhen , Yin Fei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe effectively early detection and determination of disease progression of gastric cancer (GC) are still required. An emerging demand for identifying the novel targets adherent to cancer cells has been still challenged since those valuable profilings not only could act as for early gastric tumor discovery but also being potential therapeutic views. We have retrospectively analyzed GC biopsies to identify those specific target peptides in association with disease progression. We have detected the polypeptide by liquid mass technology initiated BIO‐HIGH innovational assay technology for tumor‐specific target peptide identification. We have validated the accessibility and feasibility of multiple target cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte for the assessment of potential molecular markers by equally comparing the frequencies of tumor peptides' loci identified in 138 GC patients. The aim was to separate peripheral blood lymphocytes by density gradient centrifugation and use specific target peptides in in vitro culture of lymphocytes. The Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay was set up to prove the lymphocytes' proliferation stimulated by identified peptides. Both of GC‐specific peptide and shared peptide were detected in the peripheral blood, and the frequencies and quantities were correlated with disease status and cancer differentiation, in which BHGa1510 (78%), BHGa1310 (66%), BHGa0910 (57%), BHGa0310 (54%), BHGa0210 (40%), BHGa0810 (35%), BHGa0110 (33%), and BHGa1410 (30%) were apparently scoped out as high‐frequency (HF) peptides could be potentially specific tumor markers. Moreover, BHGa1410 was significantly associated with cancer progression, and BHGa0910 and BHGa0210 were significantly associated with TNM stage. The IHC data have shown that both the HF BHGa1510 and HF BHGa1310 were expressions by 100% in contrast with paracancerous tissues of 40% (p < 0.05) and 33%, respectively (p < 0.05). Those specific peptide pools could be valued in assessment of advanced tumor and differential status in GC patients.
ITGB4 as a novel serum diagnosis biomarker and potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer
Authors: Jiang Xia , Wang Jia , Wang Mengyu , Xuan Mingda , Han Shuangshuang , Li Chao , Li Meng , Sun Xiao‐Feng , Yu Weifang , Zhao Zengren 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPurposeTo develop new and effective biomarkers for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC).Experimental designThe serum expression of ITGB4 (49 CRC and 367 HC) was detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and its diagnostic value was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The sensitivity and specificity of ITGB4 in CRC diagnosis were calculated through statistical analysis. The optimal clinical cutoff value was calculated using the Youden index, and diagnostic efficacy was analyzed in a larger serum sample (98 CRC and 1631 non‐CRC). The expression of ITGB4 was measured by CyTOF (cell experimental technology) at the single‐cell level, and characteristics were analyzed using viSNE and SPADE TREE.ResultsSerum ITGB4 and CEA levels were significantly higher in CRC patients than in HC and non‐CRC patients. The use of serum ITGB4 levels for the diagnosis of CRC has a high sensitivity (79%) but not high specificity when the clinical cutoff value was 0.70 ng/mL. However, the optimal cutoff value was 1.6 ng/mL with 86.2% specificity and 52.0% sensitivity, and the diagnostic efficacy was greatly improved with high specificity (82.0%) and sensitivity (71.4%) when combined with CEA. ITGB4 expression characteristics were measured and related to the expression of EpCAM, Ck8/18, and perforin at the single‐cell level. Single‐cell analysis showed that cell clusters with low expression of CK8/18 and ITGB4 were more sensitive to 5FU and radiotherapy (RT).ConclusionsITGB4 is an effective diagnostic serum biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
A unique cause of coronary obstruction after transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Chang Chih‐Wei , Wadia Subeer Kanwar , Rastogi Ashish , Stinis Curtiss Tyler 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDelayed coronary obstruction is a rare but often fatal complication of transcatheter aortic valve replacement that can present within 24 hr after the transcatheter aortic valve replacement procedure. We present a case of a 77‐year‐old woman whose distal left main coronary artery bifurcation became obstructed by an embolized piece of native valve leaflet material 16 hours after the uncomplicated transfemoral implantation of an Edwards Sapien Ultra 23 mm aortic valve, which was successfully treated with the simultaneous kissing stent technique.
NiII36‐Containing 54‐Tungsto‐6‐Silicate: Synthesis, Structure, Magnetic and Electrochemical Studies
Authors: Goura Joydeb , Bassil Bassem S. , Ma Xiang , Rajan Ananthu , Moreno‐Pineda Eufemio , Schnack Jürgen , Ibrahim Masooma , Powell Annie K. , Ruben Mario , Wang Jingjing , Ruhlmann Laurent , Kortz Ulrich 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe 36‐NiII‐containing 54‐tungsto‐6‐silicate, [Ni36(OH)18(H2O)36(SiW9O34)6]6− (Ni36) was synthesized by a simple one‐pot reaction of the Ni2‐pivalate complex [Ni2(μ‐OH2)(O2CCMe3)4(HO2CCMe3)4] with the trilacunary [SiW9O34]10− polyanion precursor in water and structurally characterized by a multitude of physicochemical techniques including single‐crystal XRD, FTIR, TGA, elemental analysis, magnetic and electrochemical studies. Polyanion Ni36 comprises six equivalent {NiII6SiW9} units which are linked by Ni−O−W bridges forming a macrocyclic assembly. Magnetic studies demonstrate that the {Ni6} building blocks in Ni36 remain magnetically intact while forming a hexagonal ring with antiferromagnetic exchange interactions between adjacent {Ni6} units. Electrochemical studies indicate that the first reduction is reversible and associated with the WVI/V couple, whereas the second reduction is irreversible attributed to the NiII/0 couple.
Kunststoffe im Kreislauf
Authors: von Vacano Bernhard , Mangold Hannah , Seitz Christian 
Published: August 2021

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten Dekaden waren Kunststoffe so erfolgreich, dass ihre produzierte Menge überproportional gewachsen ist. Da die Entsorgung weltweit nicht Schritt gehalten hat, hat sich das Müllproblem verschärft. In einer Kreislaufwirtschaft werden Kunststoffe dagegen nicht als Müll in der Umwelt abgelagert oder zu CO2 verbrannt, sondern in Einmalanwendungen vermieden und generell als Werkstoff oder Rohstoff wiederverwendet. Da viele Abhängigkeiten bestehen, muss die Nachhaltigkeit von jedem Schritt in der Kreislaufwirtschaft als Teil des gesamten Zyklus, auf Basis von stofflichen, energetischen und Emissions‐Betrachtungen, beurteilt werden. Die Weiterentwicklung der zugehörigen, sich ergänzenden Recyclingverfahren ist neben weiteren Innovationen in der Sortierung, im Design von Werkstoffen und Produkten der Schlüssel zum nachhaltigen Schließen der Kreisläufe für Kunststoffe.
Investigating targeted spring dead spot management via aerial mapping and precision‐guided fungicide applications
Authors: Booth Jordan C. , Sullivan Dana , Askew Shawn A. , Kochersberger Kevin , McCall David S. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSpring dead spot (Ophiosphaerella herpotricha, O. korrae, O. narmari; SDS) is among the most destructive diseases of bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] and hybrid bermudagrass (C. dactylon x C. transvaalensis Burtt Davy) in the Transition Zone of the United States. Spring dead spot's primary causal agents in the United States, Ophiosphaerella korrae and O. herpotricha, infect bermudagrass in the fall with symptoms appearing in the spring when winter dormancy breaks. Patches of necrotic turfgrass often reoccur in the same location and expand into surrounding areas. Chemical control options are often expensive or provide inconsistent results. Our objectives were to develop SDS incidence maps, analyze these maps, and evaluate suppression efficacy of chemical applications guided by incidence‐based maps. Digital imagery captured with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was used to create SDS incidence maps in the spring of 2016, 2017, and 2018. In the fall of 2016 and 2017, a targeted, site‐specific penthiopyrad treatment was evaluated against blanket, full‐coverage applications of penthiopyrad and tebuconazole, and a nontreated control. Treatments were compared using digital image analysis of diseased area (DA) and post‐treatment SDS patch count (PC). Across both metrics, the penthiopyrad treatments had significantly less disease than both the tebuconazole and nontreated control in 2016–2017. Targeted penthiopyrad compared favorably to full coverage penthiopyrad for DA and PC in 2016–2017, but full‐coverage penthiopyrad was superior to targeted penthiopyrad and tebuconazole in 2017–2018 for both DA and PC. Targeted penthiopyrad using SDS incidence maps required 51% less fungicides in 2016–2017 and 65% less in 2017–2018 when compared to full‐coverage penthiopyrad.
Novel resonator providing class‐F oscillation with better performance compared with available alternatives
Authors: Fathabadi Hassan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this study, a novel resonator is proposed to be connected to a differential complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) or bipolar junction transistor (BJT) circuit to form an oscillator operating as a class‐F oscillator. Currently, there are only two resonators as alternatives to be reported and proposed for class‐F oscillators. The first one is the transformer‐coupled resonator, and the second one is the two‐separate‐tank resonator. The objective of this study is to present a novel resonator providing class‐F oscillation with lower phase noise as well as higher figure of merit (FoM) compared with the two available alternatives. Theoretical basis of the proposed resonator is first presented and formulated. To compare the performance of the proposed resonator with that of the two available alternatives, the three resonators are implemented in standard 180‐nm CMOS technology. Measured results demonstrate that the phase noise of the proposed resonator is −148.19 dBc/Hz which is lower than that of the transformer‐coupled resonator (−147.73 dBc/Hz) and two‐separate‐tank resonator (−142.84 dBc/Hz). Also, the FoM of the proposed resonator is 187.17 dB which is higher than that of the two alternatives (185.23 and 183.39 dB). These points clearly prove the novelty and contribution of this work in presenting a novel resonator with better performance compared with the two available alternatives.
Association of walking energetics with amyloid beta status: Findings from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
Authors: Dougherty Ryan J. , Ramachandran Janani , Liu Fangyu , An Yang , Wanigatunga Amal A. , Tian Qu , Bilgel Murat , Simonsick Eleanor M. , Ferrucci Luigi , Resnick Susan M. , Schrack Jennifer A. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIntroductionHigher energetic costs for mobility predict gait speed decline. Slow gait is linked to cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Whether the energetic cost of walking is linked to AD pathology is unknown. We investigated the cross‐sectional association between the energetic cost of walking, gait speed, and amyloid beta (Aβ) status (+/−) in older adults.MethodsOne hundred forty‐nine cognitively normal adults (56% women, mean age 77.5 ± 8.4 years) completed customary‐paced walking assessments with indirect calorimetry and 11C‐Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography. Logistic regression models examined associations adjusted for demographics, body composition, comorbid conditions, and apolipoprotein E ε4.ResultsEach 0.01 mL/kg/m greater energy cost was associated with 18% higher odds of being Aβ+ (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04 to 1.34; P = .011). These findings were not observed when investigating gait speed (OR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.97 to 1.01; P = .321).DiscussionHigh energetic cost of walking is linked to AD pathology and may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
Tree recruitment is determined by stand structure and shade tolerance with uncertain role of climate and water relations
Authors: Käber Yannek , Meyer Peter , Stillhard Jonas , De Lombaerde Emiel , Zell Jürgen , Stadelmann Golo , Bugmann Harald , Bigler Christof 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTree regeneration is a key process for long‐term forest dynamics, determining changes in species composition and shaping successional trajectories. While tree regeneration is a highly stochastic process, tree regeneration studies often cover narrow environmental gradients only, focusing on specific forest types or species in distinct regions. Thus, the larger‐scale effects of temperature, water availability, and stand structure on tree regeneration are poorly understood.We investigated these effects in respect of tree recruitment (in‐growth) along wide environmental gradients using forest inventory data from Flanders (Belgium), northwestern Germany, and Switzerland covering more than 40 tree species. We employed generalized linear mixed models to capture the abundance of tree recruitment in response to basal area, stem density, shade casting ability of a forest stand as well as site‐specific degree‐day sum (temperature), water balance, and plant‐available water holding capacity. We grouped tree species to facilitate comparisons between species with different levels of tolerance to shade and drought.Basal area and shade casting ability of the overstory had generally a negative impact on tree recruitment, but the effects differed between levels of shade tolerance of tree recruitment in all study regions. Recruitment rates of very shade‐tolerant species were positively affected by shade casting ability. Stem density and summer warmth (degree‐day sum) had similar effects on all tree species and successional strategies. Water‐related variables revealed a high degree of uncertainty and did not allow for general conclusions. All variables had similar effects independent of the varying diameter thresholds for tree recruitment in the different data sets.Synthesis:Shade tolerance and stand structure are the main drivers of tree recruitment along wide environmental gradients in temperate forests. Higher temperature generally increases tree recruitment rates, but the role of water relations and drought tolerance remains uncertain for tree recruitment on cross‐regional scales.
Phosphine Evaluation on a New Series of Heteroleptic Copper(I) Photocatalysts with dpa Ligand [Cu(dpa)(P,P)]BF4
Authors: Henriquez Marco A. , Engl Sebastian , Jaque Pablo , Gonzalez Ivan A. , Natali Mirco , Reiser Oliver , Cabrera Alan R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFive new heteroleptic copper(I) complexes (C1‐5) of the type [Cu(dpa)(P,P)]BF4 based on dipyridylamine (dpa) as N,N ligand and commercial diphosphines as P,P ancillary ligands have been synthesised through a simple methodology with high yields. All complexes were thoroughly characterised by spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques, as well by theoretical calculations. These showed Metal to Ligand Charge Transfer (MLCT) absorptions in the 300–370 nm region, and emission in the 450–520 nm region with quantum yields and lifetimes that depend on the nature of the P,P ligand. The photocatalytic performance of copper(I) complexes C1‐5 was evaluated for their use as photoredox catalysts in ATRA reactions, decarboxylative coupling and an Appel‐type reaction. The use of readily available dpa as N,N ligand constitutes an attractive alternative to the well‐established phenanthroline ligands typically used in photocatalysis.
Exploring LGBT+ campus climate in the UK and Philippines: How prejudice and belonging shape inclusion in higher education
Authors: Evangelista Zyra M. , Lido Catherine , Swingler Maxine , Bohan Jason 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAlthough recent global developments suggest progress toward LGBT+ equality, institutional structures perpetuating differential treatment based on sexual orientation and gender identity persist. The present research employed a mixed‐method campus climate study of LGBT+ and cis‐heterosexual students sampled from Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the Philippines and the UK. Phase 1 reports a large‐scale survey assessing relationships among students’ social attitudes toward LGBT+, campus climate perceptions and experiences of harassment, well‐being, academic persistence, and social identity belonging within the university (LGBT+ = 877; cis‐heterosexual = 2107). Phase 2 reports focus groups and interviews with 35 LGBT+ students, further exploring their campus climate experiences. Triangulated results highlight the role of social identity belonging in creating positive LGBT+ campus climates. Fostering belonging, through visible institutional support for intersectional LGBT+ student organisations and endorsement of LGBT+ inclusive policies and programmes, is recommended for creating safe and inclusive spaces for LGBT+ students.
Bi‐directional ground motions: Stochastic simulation and frequency‐dependent modal combination rule
Authors: Naskar Subhadip , Das Sandip 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFor direct statistical analysis of 3‐D structures against lateral earthquake shaking, stochastic simulation of fully nonstationary bi‐directional ground motions is essential. The recorded bi‐directional ground motions (or their projections) along the two orthogonal axes of a structure are usually correlated and their correlation influences the overall structural response. Further, the correlation is, in general, frequency‐dependent, that is, the correlation coefficients are different for different narrow frequency bands of the (composite) pair of motions. So it is important to have a method for stochastic simulation of bi‐directional motions that can maintain a target frequency‐dependent correlation. This type of simulated ensemble of bi‐directional motions for a recording process provides a sound basis for the statistical analysis of structural response vis‐à‐vis the observed/recorded correlation. In the present paper, a Priestley process based framework is proposed to simulate bi‐directional ground motions that can emulate the frequency‐dependent correlation structure of the parent recording process while maintaining the time–frequency characteristics of the recorded bi‐directional motion. Since principal directions are frequency‐dependent, it is imperative to develop a modal combination rule for multi‐directional ground motions which can address the frequency‐dependence of principal directions. For this purpose, a new ground motion frequency‐dependent modal combination rule is also proposed. It is found that the proposed frequency‐dependent combination rule performs better than the conventional frequency‐independent one, especially when the response is dominated by some frequency bands having different individual principal directions from each other or from those of the composite pair of motions.
Effect of sub‐atmospheric pressures on buoyancy‐dominated hydrocarbon fuel fires: An experimental analysis on thermal flickering frequency
Authors: Li Haihang , Tang Fei 
Published: August 2021

SummaryThermal flickering of a fire is caused by the buoyancy‐induced Kelvin‐Helmholtz‐type instability in the buoyant shear layer between burned gases and ambient air. The study of flickering frequency and inherent buoyancy‐induced instability are of great importance for fire essential parameters and their applications like fire detection, burner, and furnace designs. The flickering frequency of hydrocarbon fuel fires involved methane, ethylene, and propane was studied at low pressures ranging from 0.03 to 0.1 MPa. Three different fuel flow rates were configured for each fuel type of diffusion flame. Generally, the flickering behaviors were observed falling into three regimes: tip flickering, intermittent flickering, and continuous flickering. The continuous flickering appeared when the fuel flow rate or pressure increased above a particular level. The observed thermal flickering frequency varied from about 8 Hz at 0.03 MPa to 12 Hz at 0.1 MPa and was found insensitive to fuel type and flow rate. Thermal flickering frequency increased with the increasing of pressure with a power of 0.27. Buoyancy force dominates the flame flicking behavior under a wide range of sub‐atmospheric pressures and fuel exit velocities. In addition, multiple frequencies phenomenon was observed in the tests.