bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poor bone quality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis receiving long-term bisphosphonate therapy for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: an iliac bone biopsy study
Authors: Takahata Masahiko , Shimizu Tomohiro , Yamada Satoshi , Yamamoto Tomomaya , Hasegawa Tomoka , Fujita Ryo , Kobayashi Hideyuki , Endo Tsutomu , Koike Yoshinao , Amizuka Norio , Todoh Masahiro , Okumura Jun-ichiro , Kajino Tomomichi , Iwasaki Norimasa 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Bisphosphonates (BPs) have been shown to reduce the incidence of vertebral fractures during the first year or two of glucocorticoid (GC) treatments and are therefore recommended as a first-line treatment for the prevention and treatment of GC-induced osteoporosis (GIO). However, there are theoretical concerns about the long-term use of BPs in low-turnover osteoporosis caused by chronic GC therapy.
Methods

We analyzed the trabecular microarchitecture, bone metabolism, and material strength of bone biopsy samples from the iliac crest of female patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) receiving an average of 6.7 years of BP therapy for GIO (GIOBP group, n = 10), compared with those of age- and bone mineral density (BMD)-matched non-RA postmenopausal women with no history of anti-osteoporosis medication use (reference group, n=10).
Results

Patients in the GIOBP group had a significantly greater fracture severity index, as calculated by the sum of the Genant visual semiquantitative grading scores of vertebral fractures (T4-L5) compared with the reference patients. Micro-computed tomography analysis showed that the degree of mineralization and trabecular microarchitecture were significantly lower in the GIOBP group than in the BMD-matched reference patients. Patients in the GIOBP group exhibited lower bone contact stiffness, determined by micro-indentation testing, than in the reference group. The contact stiffness of the bone was negatively correlated with the fracture severity index and the daily prednisolone dosage. Immunohistochemistry and serum bone turnover markers showed decreased osteoclastic activity, impaired mineralization, and an increased fraction of empty lacunae in the GIOBP group.
Conclusions

Our findings indicate that patients with RA receiving long-term BP for GIO are still at high risk for fragility fractures because of poor bone quality.
Explaining The Impact of Surgical Team Communication Skills On Patient Safety In The Operating Room: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Imani Behzad , Jalal Shima Bahrami 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to explain the causes and attributes of communication skill of the surgical team and patient safety in the operating room.Background: Communication skills and how to work in a team is one of the effective factors on the incidence of error and patient safety in the operating room. However, the quality of this communication and how communication skills increase the patient's safety in the operating room is not entirely clear. The aim of this study was to find out the relationship between communication skills and patient safety in the operating room.Methods: This qualitative study was performed based on grounded theory approach. In this study, data collection was performed by conducting semi-structured interviews. Eight interviews were conducted with members of the surgical team including surgeons, operating room and anesthesia experts, and the samples were selected purposefully. The obtained data were analyzed by Strauss and Corbin’s approach.Results: In data analysis, two main categories were extracted: Factors affecting patient safety before surgery and Factors affecting patient safety during surgery. Consequently, eight sub-themes were classified.Conclusion: The results of the present study show that working in the operating room is a teamwork that requires cooperation and communication. In addition, the formation of proper communication between members of the surgical team has a significant impact on patient safety in the operating room.Relevance to clinical practice: Since the formation of proper communication between members of the surgical team can affect patient safety in the operating room, improving the communication skills of surgical team members can improve patient safety in the operating room.
SCD1/FADS2 fatty acid desaturases equipoise lipid metabolic activity and redox-driven ferroptosis in ascites-derived ovarian cancer cells
Authors: XUAN Yang , YUNG Mingo , Chen Fushun , WANG Huogang , CHAN Wai-Sun , CHAN Yau-Sang , Ngan Hextan , Chan Karen , Chan David 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Malignant ascites in peritoneal metastases is a lipid-enriched microenvironment and is frequently involved in the poor prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, the detailed mechanisms underlying ovarian cancer (OvCa) cells dictating their lipid metabolic activities in promoting tumor progression remain elusive. Here, we report that two critical fatty acid desaturases, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) and acyl-CoA 6-desaturase (FADS2), are aberrantly upregulated, accelerating lipid metabolic activities and tumor aggressiveness of ascites-derived OvCa cells. Lipidomic analysis revealed that the elevation of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) is positively associated with SCD1/FADS2 levels and the oncogenic capacities of OvCa cells. In contrast, pharmaceutical inhibition and genetic ablation of SCD1/FADS2 retarded tumor growth, suppressed cancer stem cell (CSC) formation and reduced platinum resistance in OvCa cells. Mechanistically, inhibition of SCD1/FADS2 directly downregulated GPX4 and the GSH/GSSG ratio, causing disruption of the cellular redox balance and subsequent iron-mediated lipid peroxidation in ascites-derived OvCa cells. Hence, combinational treatment with SCD1/FADS2 inhibitors and cisplatin synergistically repressed tumor cell dissemination, providing a promising chemotherapeutic strategy against EOC platinum resistance and peritoneal metastases.
Inhibition of Hyperprogressive Cancer Disease Induced by Immune-Checkpoint Blockade Upon Co-Treatment with Meta-Tyrosine and p38 Pathway Inhibitor.
Authors: Montagna Daniela Romina , Duarte Alejandra , Chiarella Paula , Rearte Barbara , Bustuoabad Oscar , Vermeulen Mónica , Ruggiero Raúl 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Although immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are overall promissory for cancer treatment, they entail, in some cases, an undesired side-effect called hyperprogressive-cancer disease (HPD) associated with acceleration of tumor growth and shortened survival.
Methods

To understand the mechanisms of HPD we assayed the ICI therapy on two murine tumors widely different regarding immunogenicity and, subsequently, on models of local recurrences and metastases of these tumors. To potentiate the immune response (IR), we combined ICI with meta-tyrosine - that counteracts immune-suppressive signals - and a selective inhibitor of p38 pathway that proved to counteract the phenomenon of tumor-immunostimulation.
Results

ICI were therapeutically effective against both tumor models (proportionally to their immunogenicity) but only when they faced incipient tumors. In contrast, ICI produced acceleration of large and residual tumors. The combined treatment strongly inhibited the growth of large tumors and it managed to cure 80% of mice with local recurrences and 60% of mice bearing residual metastases.
Conclusions

Tumor enhancement was paradoxically correlated to a weak increase of the antitumor IR suggesting that a weak IR – different from a strong tumor-inhibitory one - may produce stimulation of tumor growth, mimicking the HPD observed in some clinical settings.
Discovery of Natural Product Inspired 3-Phenyl-1H-isochromen-1-ones as Highly Potent Antioxidant and Antiplatelet Agents: Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, SAR andIn SilicoStudies
Authors: Shyamlal Bharti R.K. , Mathur Manas , Yadav Dharmendra K. , Mashevskaya Irina V. , El-Shazly Mohamed , Saleh Na'il , Chaudhary Sandeep 
Published: November 2021

Background:Several natural/synthetic molecules having a structure similar to 1H-isochromen- 1-ones have been reported to display promising antioxidants and platelet aggregation inhibitory activity. Isocoumarin (1H-2-benzopyran-1-one) skeleton, either whole or as a part of the molecular framework, has been explored for its antioxidant or antiplatelet activities.Introduction:Based on the literature, a new prototype, i.e., 3-phenyl-1H-isochromen-1-ones based compounds, has been rationalized to possess both antioxidant as well as antiplatelet activities. Consequently, no reports are available regarding its inhibition either by cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) enzyme or by arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation. This prompted us to investigate 3-phenyl-1H-isochromen-1-ones towards antioxidant and antiplatelet agents.Methods:The goal of this work was to identify new 3-phenyl-1H-isochromen-1-ones based compounds via synthesis of a series of analogues, followed by performing in vitro antioxidant as well as AA-induced antiplatelet activities. Then, identification of potent compounds by SAR and molecular docking studies was carried out.Results:Out of all synthesized 3-phenyl-1H-isochromen-1-ones analogues, five compounds showed 7-fold to 16-fold more highly potent antioxidant activities than ascorbic acid. Altogether, ten 3-phenyl-1H-isochromen- 1-one analogues displayed antioxidant activities in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Almost all the 3-phenyl-1H-isochromen-1-one analogues exhibited potent AA-induced antiplatelet activity; few of them displayed 7-folds more activity as compared to aspirin. Further, in silico analysis validated the wet results.Conclusion:We disclose the first detailed study for the identification of 3-phenyl-1H-isochromen-1-one analogues as highly potent antioxidant as well as antiplatelet agents. The article describes the scaffold designing, synthesis, bioevaluation, structure-activity relationship, and in silico studies of a pharmaceutically privileged bioactive 3-phenyl-1H-isochromen-1-one class of heterocycles.
Plant Products in the Prevention of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Džamić Ana M. , Matejić Jelena S. 
Published: November 2021

:
The beneficial effect of plants in treating diabetes is not only well-known in traditional
medicine but also confirmed in numerous scientific studies. The basic platform for testing the potential
antidiabetic activity of traditionally known plants and their bioactive compounds is a set of in
vitro, in vivo experiments, clinical trials, and molecular docking studies. Basic assays usually measure
enzyme inhibitory activity (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) and other aspects related to diabetes mellitus
disease. Recently, the use of plant-derived compounds has proven useful in treating diabetes and
reducing complications resulting from high blood sugar levels. The main goal is to establish an action
mechanism of plant extracts or active compounds to find new antidiabetic drugs with less toxicological
properties. This work aims to collect data and discuss the newest results in the area of plant extracts,
compounds, and antidiabetic effects using in vitro, in vivo, and in silico models. The data covered
in this review include plant extracts, polyphenols, terpenoids, saponins, phytosterols, and other
bioactive compounds, with some of the investigated plants being less known. Isolation of new compounds
might be a plentiful source for treatment and prevention of diabetes mellitus. Clinical trials
with adequate monitoring give the best results of plants' product efficacy and safety. Many studies
have confirmed the importance of patent and use of medicinal herbs in the treatment of diabetes.
Connectivity and Patterns of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow, Cerebral Glucose Uptake, and Aβ-Amyloid Deposition in Alzheimer's Disease (Early and Late-Onset) Compared to Normal Ageing
Authors: Germán Falasco , Andres Damian , Leandro Urrutia , Nicolás Niell , Graciela Lago , Yanina Bérgamo , Patricio Chrem , Adriana Quagliata , Cecilia Bentancourt , Ismael Calandri , Ismael Cordero , de León Magdalena Ponce , Valeria Contreras , Feuerstein Viviana , Sergio Dansilio , Ricardo Allegri , Henry Engler , Silvia Vazquez 
Published: November 2021

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in early (EOAD) and
late (LOAD) onset of Alzheimer´s disease, as well as glucose uptake, regional cerebral blood flow
(R1), amyloid depositions, and functional brain connectivity between normal young (YC) and Old
Controls (OC).

Methodology:
The study included 22 YC (37 ± 5 y), 22 OC (73 ± 5.9 y), 18 patients with EOAD
(63 ± 9.5 y), and 18 with LOAD (70.6 ± 7.1 y). Patients underwent FDG and PIB PET/CT. R1 images
were obtained from the compartmental analysis of the dynamic PIB acquisitions. Images were
analyzed by a voxel-wise and a VOI-based approach. Functional connectivity was studied from the
R1 and glucose uptake images.

Results:
OC had a significant reduction of R1 and glucose uptake compared to YC, predominantly
at the dorsolateral and mesial frontal cortex. EOAD and LOAD vs. OC showed a decreased R1 and
glucose uptake at the posterior parietal cortex, precuneus, and posterior cingulum. EOAD vs.
LOAD showed a reduction in glucose uptake and R1 at the occipital and parietal cortex and an increased
at the mesial frontal and temporal cortex. There was a mild increase in an amyloid deposition
at the frontal cortex in LOAD vs. EOAD. YC presented higher connectivity than OC in R1 but
lower connectivity considering glucose uptake. Moreover, EOAD and LOAD showed a decreased
connectivity compared to controls that were more pronounced in glucose uptake than R1.

Conclusion:
Our results demonstrated differences in amyloid deposition and functional imaging between
groups and a differential pattern of functional connectivity in R1 and glucose uptake in each
clinical condition. These findings provide new insights into the pathophysiological processes of
AD and may have an impact on patient diagnostic evaluation.
Mental Health Interventions in Juvenile Detention Institutions: A
Systematic Review of What Works
Authors: Ratnam Kishwen Kanna Yoga , Nordin Abid , Tok Peter Seah Keng , Farid Nik Daliana Nik , Dahlui Maznah 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Incarcerated adolescents within the juvenile justice system are
more likely to be diagnosed with poor mental health compared with their non-incarcerated
peers. Conducting clinical trials on mental health interventions among an incarcerated
adolescent population is challenging due to the nature of detention facilities.

Objectives:
This systematic review examines available literature on Randomized Clinical
Trials (RCT) done to assess mental health interventions among incarcerated adolescents
globally and to determine the type of intervention that would best work in this setting. In
this study, a systematic review was conducted to search, identify, and recommend effective
interventions best suited to preserve and improve the mental wellbeing of incarcerated
adolescents within the detention institution setting.

Method:
The search was performed in Medline via Ovid, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and
Web of Science databases to retrieve related publications released between 1970 and March
2021. The principal inclusion criteria were RCT articles issued in English that reported any
mental health interventions performed in juvenile detention centers involving delinquent
adolescents aged 10 to 19 years old.

Results:
The search discovered 10 related articles that fulfilled the required inclusion
criteria. In total, there were seven different types of mental health interventions used in all
the studies. The three major themes identified among the selected studies are the
interventions for coping strategies, risky behavior, and attention disorder among
incarcerated adolescents. The efficacy of the interventions was dependent on the level of
intelligence, duration of incarceration, risk of treatment diffusion, and depression symptoms
among incarcerated adolescents.

Conclusions:
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention that is simple, brief, unique,
and targets depressive symptoms, has the potential to be most efficacious in improving
mental health among incarcerated adolescents.
Long-Term Survival Among Histological Subtypes in Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: Population-Based Study Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database
Authors: Yang Shi-Ping , Su Hui-Luan , Chen Xiu-Bei , Hua Li , Chen Jian-Xian , Hu Min , Lei Jian , Wu San-Gang , Zhou Juan 
Published: November 2021

Background
Actual long-term survival rates for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) are rarely reported.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the role of histological subtypes in predicting the prognosis among long-term survivors (≥5 years) of advanced EOC.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of data among patients with stage III-IV EOC diagnosed from 2000 to 2014 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer data of the United States. We used the chi-square test, Kaplan–Meier analysis, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model for the analyses.

Results
We included 8050 patients in this study, including 6929 (86.1%), 743 (9.2%), 237 (2.9%), and 141 (1.8%) patients with serous, endometrioid, clear cell, and mucinous tumors, respectively. With a median follow-up of 91 months, the most common cause of death was primary ovarian cancer (80.3%), followed by other cancers (8.1%), other causes of death (7.3%), cardiac-related death (3.2%), and nonmalignant pulmonary disease (3.2%). Patients with the serous subtype were more likely to die from primary ovarian cancer, and patients with the mucinous subtype were more likely to die from other cancers and cardiac-related disease. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that patients with endometrioid (hazard ratio [HR] 0.534, P<.001), mucinous (HR 0.454, P<.001), and clear cell (HR 0.563, P<.001) subtypes showed better ovarian cancer-specific survival than those with the serous subtype. Similar results were found regarding overall survival. However, ovarian cancer–specific survival and overall survival were comparable among those with endometrioid, clear cell, and mucinous tumors.

Conclusions
Ovarian cancer remains the primary cause of death in long-term ovarian cancer survivors. Moreover, the probability of death was significantly different among those with different histological subtypes. It is important for clinicians to individualize the surveillance program for long-term ovarian cancer survivors.
Predictors to Use Mobile Apps for Monitoring COVID-19 Symptoms and Contact Tracing: Survey Among Dutch Citizens
Authors: Jansen-Kosterink Stephanie , Hurmuz Marian , den Ouden Marjolein , van Velsen Lex 
Published: November 2021

Background
eHealth apps have been recognized as a valuable tool to reduce COVID-19’s effective reproduction number. The factors that determine the acceptance of COVID-19 apps remain unknown. The exception here is privacy.

Objective
The aim of this article was to identify antecedents of acceptance of (1) a mobile app for COVID-19 symptom recognition and monitoring and (2) a mobile app for contact tracing, both by means of an online survey among Dutch citizens.

Methods
Next to the demographics, the online survey contained questions focusing on perceived health, fear of COVID-19, and intention to use. We used snowball sampling via posts on social media and personal connections. To identify antecedents of the model for acceptance of the 2 mobile apps, we conducted multiple linear regression analyses.

Results
In total, 238 Dutch adults completed the survey; 59.2% (n=141) of the responders were female and the average age was 45.6 years (SD 17.4 years). For the symptom app, the final model included the predictors age, attitude toward technology, and fear of COVID-19. The model had an r2 of 0.141. The final model for the tracing app included the same predictors and had an r2 of 0.156. The main reason to use both mobile apps was to control the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Concerns about privacy was mentioned as the main reason to not use the mobile apps.

Conclusions
Age, attitude toward technology, and fear of COVID-19 are important predictors of the acceptance of COVID-19 mobile apps for symptom recognition and monitoring and for contact tracing. These predictors should be taken into account during the development and implementation of these mobile apps to secure acceptance.
Exploring the Experiences of Family Caregivers of Children With Special Health Care Needs to Inform the Design of Digital Health Systems: Formative Qualitative Study
Authors: Tennant Ryan , Allana Sana , Mercer Kate , Burns Catherine M 
Published: November 2021

Background
Family caregivers of children with special health care needs (CSHCN) are responsible for managing and communicating information regarding their child’s health in their homes. Although family caregivers currently capture information through nondigital methods, digital health care applications are a promising solution for supporting the standardization of information management in complex home care across their child’s health care team. However, family caregivers continue to use paper-based methods where the adoption of digital health care tools is low. With the rise in home care for children with complex health care needs, it is important to understand the caregiving work domain to inform the design of technologies that support child safety in the home.

Objective
The aim of this study is to explore how family caregivers navigate information management and communication in complex home care for CSHCN.

Methods
This research is part of a broader study to explore caregivers’ perspectives on integrating and designing digital health care tools for complex home care. The broader study included interviews and surveys about designing a voice user interface to support home care. This formative study explored semistructured interview data with family caregivers of CSHCN about their home care situations. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyze the information management and communication processes.

Results
We collected data from 7 family caregivers in North America and identified 5 themes. First, family caregivers were continuously learning to provide care. They were also updating the caregiver team on their child’s status and teaching caregivers about their care situation. As caregiving teams grew, they found themselves working on communicating with their children’s educators. Beyond the scope of managing their child’s health information, family caregivers also navigated bureaucratic processes for their child’s home care.

Conclusions
Family caregivers’ experiences of caring for CSHCN differ contextually and evolve as their child’s condition changes and they grow toward adulthood. Family caregivers recorded information using paper-based tools, which did not sufficiently support information management. They also experienced significant pressure in summarizing information and coordinating 2-way communication about the details of their child’s health with caregivers. The design of digital health care systems and tools for complex home care may improve care coordination if they provide an intuitive method for information interaction and significant utility by delivering situation-specific insights and adapting to unique and dynamic home care environments. Although these findings provide a foundational understanding, there is an opportunity for further research to generalize the findings.