bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TREM2 and CD163 ameliorate microglia-mediated inflammatory environment in the aging brain
Authors: Han Xue , Liu Yu-Jia , Liu Bin-Wen , Ma Zheng-Liang , Xia Tian-Jiao , Gu Xiao-Ping 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aging declines cognitive functions, especially learning and memory. Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation occurs in age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Our study obtained the expression profile of GSE11882 from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and used microarray data to explore the expression of age-related genes in the hippocampus. A total of 120 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out and subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. In Cytoscape software, 18 key genes were identified by the plugin cytoHubba. Two genes with positive impact on cognition during aging were teased out, including triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) and scavenger receptor (CD163). Finally, reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot (WB) verified that the mRNA expression of two genes was significantly up-regulated in the Aged group. Moreover, the inflammatory factor IL-1β and IL-6 significantly increased. The up-regulation of TREM2 and CD163 may exert a compensatory effect on neurodegeneration by mitigating the inflammatory environment in the aging brain.
Molecular Investigation of Feline Calicivirus Infection in China, 2019-2020
Authors: Wang Jie , Qian Peng , Liu Caihong , Cao Yujiao , Chen Yalei , Sun ChunYan , Huo Ningning , Spibey Norman , Xi Xiangfeng , Liu Yuxiu , Tian Kegong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a highly contagious viral pathogen of upper respiratory infections and oral disease in cats. To investigate the prevalence and gene characteristic of FCV in China, a total of 1739 clinical swabs of cat eyes and nasal were collected from 19 cities in China from 2019 to 2020. The FCV from clinical samples were isolated in F81 cells, and the gene sequences of the isolated FCV’s capsid proteins were phylogenetically analyzed by constructing the phylogenetic tree with the FCV vaccine strain F9 and reference strains of other countries. Results revealed a prevalence of 13.0% (226/1739) for FCV in China in this study, and samples from Langfang showed the highest prevalence in the cities. The 74 FCV strains isolated from clinical samples shared the nucleotide identity of 73.4%-79.1% and the amino acid identity of 83%-90% comparing with the F9 strain. Phylogenetic analysis reveals two branches of these FCV strains from China, which distinct from the vaccine strains of F9 and 255, and other reference strains. Structurally, the highly variable sites of capsid protein were exposed on the protein surface between circulating strains in China and the vaccine strain F9. Overall, this study would promote the understanding of the FCV prevalence and gene characteristics in China.
The Changing Clinical Landscape in Acupuncture for Women’s Health: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey in New Zealand and Australia
Authors: Graca Sandro , Betts Debra , Smith Caroline A. , Armour Mike , Roberts Kate 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Acupuncture is growing in popularity as a treatment option for women’s health worldwide with reported increasing usage in the last ten years. A significant number of clinical trials and meta-analysis are now published on aspects of women’s health treatment with acupuncture. The aim of this survey was to explore if, how and why, aspects of acupuncture practice has changed since our last survey in 2013.
Method
An online cross-sectional survey of registered acupuncturists and Chinese Medicine practitioners in Australia and New Zealand. Questions covered the practitioner demographics and training, women’s health conditions commonly treated, modalities used, sources of information and continuing education (CE) (e.g. webinars), changes in clinical practice, and referral networks.
Results
One hundred and seventy registered practitioners responded to this survey, with 93% reporting treating women’s health in the last 12 months. The majority of respondents were from Australia (60%), held a bachelors level qualification (60%), and used a traditional Chinese medicine framework (86%). Most practitioners incorporated other modalities in addition to acupuncture. Most practitioners’ referral networks were predominantly based on word of mouth for menstrual, fertility and pregnancy related conditions, with referrals from medical practitioners being much less common. More than half (57%) reported having changed their women’s health practice in the past 12 months; just over a quarter of those who changed treatment (27%) reported it was due to research findings. The most commonly used sources of information/CE used to inform treatment were webinars and conferences, while peer-reviewed journal articles were the least commonly used source.
Conclusion
Acupuncture practitioners in Australia and New Zealand commonly treat women’s health conditions, but this is usually the result of women seeking them out, rather than being referred from a medical practitioner. The majority of practitioners did report changing their women’s health practice, but peer reviewed academic articles alone are not an ideal medium to convey this information since practitioners favour knowledge obtained from webinars and conferences. Academics and other clinician researchers should consider alternative means of disseminating knowledge beyond traditional academic publications and conferences, special interest groups may assist in this and also help improve research literacy.
Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature Predicts The Prognosis of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Shi Jinyuan , Wu Pu , Sheng Lei , Sun Wei , Zhang Hao 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer (TC), accounting for more than 80% of all cases. Ferroptosis is a novel iron-dependent and Reactive oxygen species (ROS) reliant type of cell death which is distinct from the apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis. Considerable studies have demonstrated that ferroptosis is involved in the biological process of various cancers. However, the role of ferroptosis in PTC remains unclear. This study aims at exploring the expression of ferroptosis-related genes (FRG) and their prognostic values in PTC. Methods: A ferroptosis-related gene signature was constructed using lasso regression analysis through the PTC datasets of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to investigate the bioinformatics functions of significantly different genes (SDG) of ferroptosis. Additionally, the correlations of ferroptosis and immune cells were assessed through the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and CIBERSORT database. Finally, SDG were test in clinical PTC specimens and normal thyroid tissues. Results: LASSO regression model was utilized to establish a novel FRG signature with 10 genes (ANGPTL7, CDKN2A, DPP4, DRD4, ISCU, PGD, SRXN1, TF, TFRC, TXNRD1) to predicts the prognosis of PTC, and the patients were separated into high-risk and low-risk groups by the risk score. The high-risk group had poorer survival than the low-risk group(p<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis confirmed the signature's predictive capacity. Multivariate regression analysis identified the prognostic signature-based risk score was an independent prognostic indicator for PTC. The functional roles of the DEGs in the TGCA PTC cohort were explored using GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses. Immune related analysis demonstrated that the most types of immune cells and immunological function in the high-risk group were significant different with those in the low-risk group. Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) verified the SDG have differences in expression between tumor tissue and normal thyroid tissue. Conclusions: We identified differently expressed FRG that may involve in PTC. A ferroptosis-related gene signature has significant values in predicting the patients’ prognoses and targeting ferroptosis may be an alternative for PTC’s therapy.
The pH Effects on SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 Spike Proteins in the Process of Binding to hACE2
Authors: Xie Yixin , Guo Wenhan , Lopez-Hernadez Alan , Teng Shaolei , Li Lin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
COVID-19 has been threatening human health since the late 2019, which has significant impact on human health and economy. Understanding the SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses is important to develop effective treatments for COVID-19 and other coronaviruses-caused diseases. In this work, we applied multi-scale computational approaches to study the electrostatic features of spike (S) proteins for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. From our results, we found thatSARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 have similar charge distributions and electrostatic features when binding with the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2). The energy pH-dependence calculation srevealed that the complex structures of hACE2 and the S proteins of SARS-CoV/SARS-CoV-2 are stable at pH values ranging from 7.5 to 9. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed using NAMD to investigate the hydrogen bonds between S proteins and hACE2. From the MD simulations it was found that SARS-CoV-2 has four pairsof essential hydrogenbonds (high occupancy, >80%), while SARS-CoV has three pairs, which indicates the SARS-CoV-2 S protein has relatively more robust binding strategy than SARS-CoVS protein.Four key residues forming essential hydrogen bonds from SARS-CoV-2 are identified, which are potential drug targets for COVID-19 treatments. The findings in this study shed lights on the current and future treatments for COVID-19 and other coronaviruses-caused diseases.
Two New Russula Species (Fungi) from Dry Dipterocarp Forest in Thailand Suggest Niche Specialization to This Habitat Type
Authors: Wisitrassameewong Komsit , Manz Cathrin , Hampe Felix , Looney Brian P. , Boonpratuang Thitiya , Verbeken Annemieke , Thammachareon Tuksaporn , Apichitnaranon Tanakorn , Pobkwamsuk Maneerat , Caboň Miroslav , Adamčík Slavomír 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Dry dipterocarp forests are among the most common habitat types in Thailand. Russulaceae are known as common ectomycorrhizal symbionts of Dipterocarpaceae trees in this type of habitat. The present study aims to identify collections of Russula subsection Amoeninae Buyck from dry dipterocarp forests in Thailand. A multi-locus phylogenetic analysis placed Thai Amoeninae collections in two novel lineages, and they are described here as Russula bellissima sp. nov. and R. luteonana sp. nov. The closest identified relatives of both species were sequestrate species suggesting that they may belong to drought-adapted lineages. The analysis of publicly available ITS sequences in R. subsect. Amoeninae did not confirm evidence of any of the new species occurring in other Asian regions, indicating that dry dipterocarp forests might harbor a novel community of ectomycorrhizal fungi. Macromorphological characters are variable and are not totally reliable for distinguishing the new species from other previously described Asian Amoeninae species. Both new species are defined by a combination of differentiated micromorphological characteristics in spore ornamentation, hymenial cystidia and hyphal terminations in the pileipellis. The new Amoeninae species may correspond to some Russula species collected for consumption in Thailand, and the detailed description of the new species can be used for better identification of edible species and food safety in the region.
Comprehensive analysis of expression and prognosis for signal transducer and activator of transcription family in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Qin Tong , Shao Yunli , Zhao Hongmian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In recent years, it has become clear that signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family of genes play an important role in cancer. However, the expression level, genetic variation, molecular mechanism, and biological function of different STATs in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its relationship with prognosis and immune infiltration in AML have not been fully elucidated. We found that the expression levels of STAT1, STAT2, STAT4, and STAT6 were higher in AML than in normal tissues, whereas the expression levels of STAT3, STAT5A, and STAT5B were lower in the former than in the latter. Survival analysis revealed that high STAT5B level predicted superior OS in these patients. Cox multivariate analysis as well as least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression screening showed that STAT5B expression is a good independent prognostic factor of OS. The functions of STAT5B are mainly related to the occurrence, development and microenvironment of AML. We also discovered that the expression of STAT5B was significantly correlated with immune infiltrates in AML. In summary, our research demonstrates that STAT5B may be used as a novel predictive biomarker and immunotherapy target for AML patients.
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Biopsy As A Valuable Tool for Studying The Intra-Tumoral Microbiome in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chu Chia-Sheng , Yang Chi-Ying , Yeh Chun-Chieh , Lin Ro-Ting , Chen Chi-Ching , Bai Li-Yuan , Hung Mien-Chie , Lin Chun-Che , Wu Chun-Ying , Lin Jaw-Town 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Introduction:

A new approach by investigating the intra-tumoral microbiome raised great interest because they may influence the host immune response and natural history of the disease. However, previous studies on the intra-tumoral microbiome of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were mostly based on examining the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor specimens. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) as a complementary procedure of surgical biopsy to obtain adequate fresh pancreatic cancer tissue for intra-tumoral microbial research.
Materials and methods:

This was a prospective pilot study performed at a single tertiary referral center. We obtained pancreatic cancer tissue by EUS-FNB and surgical biopsy, respectively. We amplified the V3-V4 hyper-variable region of bacterial 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) genes, constructed a pair-end library, and performed high-throughput sequencing.
Results:

From August 2020 to November 2020, nine eligible patients with PDAC were enrolled in this study. The intra-tumoral microbiome profile was successfully generated from the PDAC cancer tissue obtained by EUS-FNB as well as by surgical biopsy. There was no significant difference in intra-tumoral alpha-diversity or bacterial taxonomic composition between tissues obtained by EUS-FNB and by surgical biopsy.
Conclusion:

EUS-FNB can collect sufficient fresh cancer tissue for microbiome analyses without complication. The intra-tumoral microbiome profile in tissues obtained by EUS-FNB had similar alpha-diversity and taxonomic profiles with those obtained by surgical biopsy. It implicated, except for surgical biopsy, EUS-FNB can be another valid and valuable tool for studying intra-tumoral microbiome in patients with resectable and unresectable PDAC.
Intravitreal Bevacizumab to Treat Retinopathy of Prematurity in 865 Eyes: a Study to Determine Predictors of Primary Treatment Failure and Recurrence
Authors: Fadakar Kaveh , Bahar Mohammadreza Mehrabi , Riazi-Esfahani Hamid , Azarkish Afsaneh , Farahani Afsar Dastjani , Heidari Mostafa , Bazvand Fatemeh 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed To evaluate the rate and risk factors for primary failure and recurrence after intravitreal anti-VEGF injection in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).Methods: This retrospective study was performed on 865 eyes from 441 patients with retinopathy of prematurity receiving intravitreal Bevacizumab from 2012 to 2019. Medical records of patients were evaluated.Results: Mean gestational age (GA) and birth weight of patients were 28±2 weeks and 1121±312 g, respectively. Thirty-five eyes (4.04%) had a primary failure, including 18 eyes from 187 eyes in zone 1 (9.6%) and 17 eyes from 678 eyes in zone 2 (2.5%). The mean time of retreatment was 16.64±13.68 days in eyes without regression ROP. The remaining 830 eyes (95.95%) were included in recurrence analysis. The recurrence occurred in 33 eyes (3.97 %) of them in 20 patients, with the meantime of 77.52 days after the first treatment (IVB). Presence of plus disease, history of oxygen therapy or phototherapy, and GA less than 32 were associated with significantly increased prevalence of treatment failure. The risk factor predicting recurrence are lower birth weight, zone 1 pretreatment, history of intubation, anemia, and sepsis.Conclusion: Intravitreal anti-VEGF is a successful treatment for ROP with a low rate of primary failure and recurrence. Attention to risk factors accompanied by special care to patterns of treatment failure and recurrence helps to achieve early detection of treatment failure and vigilant follow up for recurrence.
Synthesis And Multifaceted Pharmacological Activity of Novel Quinazoline NHE-1 Inhibitors
Authors: Spasov Alexander , Ozerov Alexander , Vassiliev Pavel , Kosolapov Vadim , Gurova Natalia , Babkov Denis , Sirotenko Viktor , Taran Alena , Litvinov Roman , Borisov Alexander , Klochkov Vladlen , Merezhkina Darya , Miroshnikov Mikhail , Ovsyankina Natalia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 (NHE-1) attracts ongoing attention as a validated drug target for the management of cardiovascular and ocular diseases owing to cytoprotective, anti-ischemic and anti-inflammatory properties of NHE-1 inhibitors. Herein we report novel NHE-1 inhibitors realized via functionalization of N1-alkyl quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione and quinazoline-4(3H)-one with N-acylguanidine or 3-acyl(5-amino-1,2,4-triazole) side chain. Lead compounds show activity in a nanomolar range. Their pharmacophoric features were elucidated with neural network modeling. Several compounds combine NHE-1 inhibition with antiplatelet activity. Compound 6b reduces intraocular pressure in rats and effectively inhibits the formation of glycated proteins. Compounds 3e and 3i inhibit pro-inflammatory activation of murine macrophages, LPS-induced interleukin-6 secretion and also exhibit antidepressant activity similar to amiloride. Hence, novel compounds represent an interesting starting point for the development of agents against cardiovascular diseases, thrombotic events, excessive inflammation, long-term diabetic complications and glaucoma.
Development of a Lifestyle Intervention Program for Overweight or Obese Preconception, Pregnant and Postnatal Women: a Qualitative Study
Authors: Ku Chee Wai , Leow Shu Hui , Ong Lay See , Erwin Christina , Ong Isabella , Ng Xiang Wen , Tan Jacinth JX , Yap Fabian , Chan Jerry Kok Yen , Loy See Ling 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The time period before, during and after pregnancy represents a unique opportunity for interventions to cultivate sustained healthy lifestyle behaviors to improve the metabolic health of mothers and their offspring. However, the success of a lifestyle intervention is dependent on uptake and continued compliance. To identify enablers and barriers towards engagement with a lifestyle intervention, thematic analysis of 15 in-depth interviews with overweight or obese women in the preconception, pregnancy or postpartum periods was undertaken, using the integrated–Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework as a guide to systematically chart factors influencing adoption of a novel lifestyle intervention. Barrier factors include time constraints, poor baseline knowledge, family culture, food accessibility, and lack of relevant data sources. Enabling factors were motivation to be healthy for themselves and their offspring, family and social support, a holistic delivery platform providing desired information delivered at appropriate times, regular feedback, goal setting, and nudges. From the findings of this study, we propose components of an idealized lifestyle intervention including (i) taking a holistic life-course approach to education, (ii) using mobile health platforms to reduce barriers, provide personalized feedback and promote goal-setting, and (iii) health nudges to cultivate sustained lifestyle habits.
Automated Diagnosis of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Histology Images via Deep Learning
Authors: Cho Bum-Joo , Kim Jeong Won , Park Jungkap , Kwon Gui Young , Hong Mineui , Jang Si-Hyong , Bang Heejin , Kim Gilhyang , Park Sung Taek 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Artificial intelligence has enabled the automated diagnosis of several cancer types. We aimed to develop and validate deep learning models that automatically classify cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) based on histological images. Microscopic images of CIN3, CIN2, CIN1, and non-neoplasm were obtained. The performances of two pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) models adopting DenseNet-161 and EfficientNet-B7 architectures were evaluated and compared with those of pathologists. The dataset comprised 1,106 images from 588 patients; images of 10% of patients were included in the test dataset. The mean accuracies for the 4-class classification were 88.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 86.3–90.6%) by DenseNet-161 and 89.5% (95% CI, 83.3–95.7%) by EfficientNet-B7, which were similar to human performance (93.2% and 89.7%). The mean per-class area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values by EfficientNet-B7 were 0.996, 0.990, and 0.971 in the non-neoplasm, CIN3, CIN1 groups, respectively. The class activation map detected the diagnostic area for CIN lesions. In the 3-class classification of CIN2 and CIN3 as one group, the mean accuracies of DenseNet-161 and EfficientNet-B7 increased to 91.4% (95% CI, 88.8–94.0%) and 92.6% (95% CI, 90.4–94.9%), respectively. CNN-based deep learning is a promising tool for diagnosing CIN lesions on digital histological images.
Generalized partially functional linear model
Authors: Xiao Weiwei , Wang Yixuan , Liu Haiyan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a generalized functional linear regression model with scalar and functional multiple predictors. We develop maximum likelihood estimators for the regression coefficients. For the functional predictors, we adopt the method of functional principal component analysis to reduce their dimensions. We then propose the generalized auto-covariance operator, based on which an appropriate measure quantifies the difference between the estimators and their true values is established. The asymptotic joint distribution of estimated regression functions is proved. For the scalar predictors, we establish a distance between the estimated value and the true value, and prove the asymptotic property of the estimated regression coefficients. Extensive simulation experiment results are consistent with the theoretical result. Finally, two application examples of the model are given. One is sleep quality study where we studied the effects of heart rate, percentage of sleep time on total sleep in bed, wake after sleep onset and number of wakening during the night on sleep quality in 22 healthy people. The other one is mortality rate where we studied the effects of air quality index, temperature, relative humidity , GDP per capita and the number of beds per thousand people on the mortality rate across 80 major cities in China.