bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Milling Force Coefficients-based Tool Wear Monitoring for Variable Parameters Milling
Authors: Pan Tianhang , Zhang Jun , Zhang Xing , Zhao Wanhua , Zhang Huijie , Lu Bingheng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Tool wear is an important factor that affects the aeronautical structural parts' quality and machining accuracy in the milling process. It is essential to monitor the tool wear in titanium alloy machining. The traditional tool wear features such as root mean square (RMS), kurtosis, and wavelet packet energy spectrum are related to not only the tool wear status but also to the milling parameters, thus monitoring the tool wear status only under fixed milling parameters. This paper proposes a new method of online monitoring of tool wear using milling force coefficients. The instantaneous cutting force model is used to extract the milling force coefficients which are independent of milling parameters. The principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm is used to fuse the milling force coefficients. Furthermore, support vector machine (SVM) model is used to monitor tool wear states. Experiments with different machining parameters were conducted to verify the effectiveness of this method used for tool wear monitoring. The results show that compared to traditional features, the milling force coefficients are not dependent on the milling parameters, and using milling force coefficients can effectively monitor the transition point of cutters from normal wear to severe wear (tool failure).
Socio-economic and rural-urban differences in healthcare and catastrophic health expenditures among cancer patients in China: analysis of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Zhao Yang , Tang Shenglan , Mao Wenhui , Akinyemiju Tomi F 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
In China, cancer deaths account for one-fifth of all deaths and exert a heavy toll on patients, families, healthcare systems, and society as a whole. This study aims to examine socio-economic and rural-urban differences in treatment, healthcare service utilization and catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) among Chinese cancer patients, and to investigate the relationship between different treatment types and healthcare service use as well as incidence of CHE.
Methods
We analyzed a nationally representative sample from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study including 17,224 participants in 2011 and 19,569 participants in 2015. Multivariable regression models were performed to investigate the association of cancer treatments with healthcare service utilization and CHE.
Results
The age-adjusted prevalence of cancer is 1.37% for 2011 and 1.84% for 2015. Approximately half of the cancer patients utilized treatment for their disease, with a higher proportion of urban residents (54%) than rural residents (46%) receiving cancer treatment in 2015. CHE declined by 22% in urban areas (25% in 2011 and 19% in 2015) but increased by 31% in rural areas (25% in 2011 to 33% in 2015). There was a positive relationship between cancer treatment and outpatient visit (OR = 2.098, 95% CI = 1.453, 3.029), admission to hospital (OR = 1.961, 95% CI = 1.346, 2.857) and CHE (OR = 1.796, 95% CI = 1.231, 2.620). Chemotherapy and surgery were each associated with a 2-fold increased risk of CHE.
Conclusions
Meaningful changes to improve health insurance benefit packages are needed to ensure universal, affordable and patient-centered health coverage for the Chinese cancer patients.
Poly(amidoamine) dendrimer modified superparamagnetic nanoparticles as an efficient adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal: Effect of high-generation dendrimer on adsorption performance
Authors: Cui Can , Xie Yadian , Niu Jiaojiao , Hu Hailiang , Lin Sen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Heavy metal ions pollution is one of the most dangerous and critical threats to human health and environment. In this work, three different generations of PAMAM dendrimer decorated on magnetic Fe 3 O 4 composites (Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 –G1, Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 –G3, Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 –G5) were fabricated and characterized by FTIR, XRD, TEM, and TGA. The obtained composites were used for Cr(VI) removal. Batch adsorption studies showed that the adsorption reached equilibrium within 60 min, and the optimal pH was 3.0. The result of adsorption kinetics was simulated by the pseudo–second-order model. The adsorption equilibrium isotherm was well fitted with the Langmuir adsorption model. Furthermore, thermodynamics calculations revealed that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. Importantly, adsorption capacity of Cr(VI) obey the sequence of Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 –G1＜Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 –G5＜Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 –G3, 3 generation of PAMAM (3G) is the optimal for adsorption capacity of Cr(VI). The maximum theoretical Cr(VI) adsorption capacity ( q m ) of Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 –G3 was 334.45 mg/g, and removal ration remained above 89.5% after five cycles of adsorption–desorption. Thus, Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 –G3 is predicted to be an efficient adsorbent for the adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution, and the obtained results can help in the generation optimization during fabrication of dendrimer modified adsorbents.
Exposure Levels and Contributing Factors of Various Arsenic Species and Their Health Effects on Korean Adults
Authors: Lee Seul-Gi , Kang Ingu , Seo Mi-Na , Lee Jung-Eum , Eom Sang-Yong , Hwang Myung-Sil , Park Kyung Su , Choi Byung-Sun , Kwon Ho-Jang , Hong Young-Seoub , Kim Heon , Park Jung-Duck 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Arsenic is a human carcinogen. Data on urinary arsenic species analyses of Koreans is limited. This study evaluated the arsenic exposure level, contributing factors, and health effects in Korean adults. Dietary intake information and urine samples were obtained from 2,044 participants. Arsenic exposure was assessed based on urinary concentrations of arsenic species, such as inorganic arsenic, As(III) and As(V), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), and arsenobetaine (AsB), using high-performance liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, followed by determination of biomarkers, malondialdehyde and c-peptide. The geometric mean concentrations were 30.9 ㎍/L for the sum of inorganic arsenic and their metabolites, and 84.7 ㎍/L for the total sum of arsenic measured. Urinary concentrations of arsenic species were influenced by age, inhabitant area (inland or coastal), and seafood intake, which was positively correlated with inorganic arsenic, DMA, and AsB. Rice intake was positively correlated with inorganic arsenic and its metabolites but not with AsB. Additionally, malondialdehyde and c-peptide levels were significantly associated with urinary concentrations of various arsenic species. Seafood and rice are major sources of organic/inorganic arsenic exposure in Korean adults; however, it is necessary to evaluate whether their overconsumption could have a potentially detrimental effect on human health.
Characterization, Classification and Evaluation of Ground Water in the South-West Semi-Arid Region of the Plateau of MOSTAGANEM(Plain of BORDJIAS)
Authors: Guermoud Noreddine , Benderdouche Noureddine , Bouzid Habid 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Groundwater availability; quality and quantity are important parameters for human development in terms of drinking, agriculture and industry in semi arid regions. The study of the groundwater quality of Bordjias Plain, located in the semi-arid south-western region of the Mostaganem Plateauin Algeria, is an essential parameter for the good health of the population. Chemical parameters analysis (pH, conductivity, Ca2+, Mg2+, TH, Na+, K+, HCO3−, Cl−, SO42−, NO3− PO43−, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V) was carried out on water samples in different localities of the plain of Bordjias. Characterization of groundwater samples according to the basic exchange index and hydrochemical parameters results show a mixed chemical composition. Samples were evaluated for various uses (consumption and household use, irrigation and industry) according to WHO standards, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and saturation index (SI). The results show that Bordjia plain groundwater is of good quality for domestic use and irrigation but not for industrial uses.
Responses of groundwater to precipitation variability and ENSO in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta
Authors: Le Phong V. V. , Pham Hai V. , Bui Luyen K. , Tran Anh N. , Pham Chien V. , Nguyen Giang V. , Tran Phuong A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGroundwater is a critical component of water resources and has become the primary water supply for agricultural and domestic uses in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). Widespread groundwater level declines have occurred in the VMD over recent decades, reflecting that extraction rates exceed aquifer recharge in the region. However, the impacts of climate variability on groundwater system dynamics in the VMD remain poorly understood. Here, we explore recent changes in groundwater levels in shallow and deep aquifers from observed wells in the VMD and investigate their relations to the annual precipitation variability and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). We show that groundwater level responds to changes in annual precipitation at time scales of approximately 1 year. Moreover, shallow (deep) groundwater in the VMD appears to correlate with the ENSO over intra-annual (inter-annual) time scales. Our findings reveal a critical linkage between groundwater level changes and climate variability, suggesting the need to develop an understanding of the impacts of climate variability across time scales on water resources in the VMD.
Simulation of the ice thickness of the Heilongjiang River and application of SD models to a river ice model
Authors: Xing Ruofei , Ju Qin , Simonovic Slobodan P. , Hao Zhenchun , Yuan Feifei , Gu Huanghe 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The Heilongjiang River is a transboundary river between China and Russia, which often experiences ice dams that can trigger spring floods and significant damages in the region. Owing to insufficient data, no river ice model is applicable for the Heilongjiang River. Therefore, a river ice thickness model based on continuous meteorological data and river ice data at the Mohe Station located in the upper reach of the Heilongjiang River was proposed. Specifically, the proposed model was based on physical river ice processes and the Russian empirical theory. System dynamic models were applied to assess the proposed model. The performance of the river ice model was evaluated using root-mean-square error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE). Subsequently, sensitivity analyses of the model parameters through Latin hypercube sampling and uncertainty analyses of input variables were conducted. Results show that the formation of ice starts 10 days after the air temperature reaches below 0 °C. The maximum ice thickness occurs 10 days after the atmospheric temperature reaches the minimum. Ice starts to melt after the highest temperature is greater than 0 °C. The R2 of ice thickness in the middle of river (ITMR) and ice thickness at the riverside (ITRS) are 0.67 and 0.69, respectively; the RMSEs of ITMR and ITRS are 6.50 and 6.84, respectively; and the NSEs of ITMR and ITRS are 0.72 and 0.70, respectively. Sensitivity analyses show that ice growth and ice melt are sensitive to the air temperature characterizing the thermal state. Uncertainty analyses show temperature has the greatest effect on river ice.
Naphthalene mineralization by supercritical water oxidation and determination of by-products using non-target analysis
Authors: Ates H. , Argun M. E. , Kurt N. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this study, the fate of naphthalene was investigated with a supercritical water oxidation process (SCWO). Also, the effectiveness of different operating conditions including pressure, temperature, residence time and oxidant dose on the formation of by-products was determined. The experimental sets were determined by the experimental design program and the effect of the selected variables on the removal of the naphthalene was associated statistically. According to obtained results, naphthalene by SCWO process was mineralized up to 98.5%. Removal efficiencies in sub- and supercritical conditions were between 94 and 100%. Derivatives of aldehyde, propanoic acid, benzene acetic acid and benzofuran were detected as by-products at many experimental conditions and also, some intermediates with a molecular weight higher than naphthalene were determined.
Study on pollution characteristics of urban pavement runoff
Authors: Qian Guoping , Zhang Jingyu , Li Xi , Yu Huanan , Gong Xiangbing , Chen Juyong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Urban pavement runoff has become an important pollution source endangering the quality of urban water. This paper analyzed the characteristics of particle size distribution of road-deposited sediment (RDS). The variation of pollutants with RDS content is presented. Based on continuous sampling of runoff, the variation between pollutant concentration and rainfall characteristics is revealed. The results show that each particle group shares similar content except for the group smaller than 0.075 mm. However, the smaller particles have a stronger ability to adsorb heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cu), and a weaker ability to adsorb chemical oxygen demand (COD). The concentrations of different pollutants have different relationships with rainfall and runoff time. The concentration of suspended solids (SS) decreases steadily with runoff time, while the concentration of heavy metals increases first and then decreases. The first 30 minutes of runoff is the best time to treat heavy metals and SS. The five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) concentration are mainly affected by rainfall intensity. The result presented in this paper may provide a useful reference for the treatment of pavement runoff pollution.
Pesticide production wastewater treatment by Electro-Fenton using Taguchi experimental design
Authors: Pham Thanh Luu , Boujelbane Faten , Bui Hiep Nghia , Nguyen Hieu Trung , Bui Xuan-Thanh , Nguyen Duy Ngoc , Nguyen Ha Thai Tran , Phan Hao Anh , Duong Huong Thi Giang , Bui Ha Manh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this study, the electro-Fenton (EF) method was applied to remove total organic carbon (TOC) from the pesticide production wastewater containing tricyclazole (TC). Statistical Taguchi method was used to optimize the treatment performance. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the polynomial regression model fitted experimental data with R2 of 0.969. The optimal conditions for eliminating 75.4% TOC and 93.7% TC were 0.2 mM of Fe2+, 990 mg/L of Na2SO4, 180 min of reaction time at pH 3 with 2.22 mA/cm2 of current density. The removal of TC present in the wastewater followed the first-order reaction kinetic model (R2 = 0.993); while that was the second-order kinetic model in the case of the TOC removal (R2 = 0.903). In addition, the experimental results and theory approaches (density functional theory and natural bond orbital calculations) also showed the C-N bond breaking and nitrate ions cleavage to ammonia. Acute toxicity of the pesticide wastewater after treatment (PWAT) on microcrustaceans showed that the treated wastewater still exhibited high toxicity against D. magna, with LC50 values of 3.84%, 2.68%, 2.05%, and 1.78% at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h, respectively.
Overview of Polyethylene Glycol-based Materials with a Special Focus on Core-Shell Particles for Drug Delivery Application
Authors: Shah Nasrullah , Hussain Manzoor , Rehan Touseef , Khan Abbas , Khan Zubair Ullah 
Published: September 2021

:
Polyethylene glycols (PEG) are water-soluble nonionic polymeric molecules. PEG and PEG-based
materials are used for various important applications, such as solvents, adhesives, adsorbents, drug delivery
agents, tissue engineering scaffolds, etc. The coating of nanoparticles with PEG forms core-shell nanoparticles.
The PEG-based core-shell nanoparticles are synthesized for the development of high-quality drug delivery systems.
In the present review, we first explained the basics and various applications of PEGs and PEG-based composites
materials and then concentrated on the PEG-based core-shell nanoparticles for biomedical applications,
specifically their use in drug delivery.
Therapies for RYR1-Related Myopathies: Where We Stand and the Perspectives
Authors: Beaufils Mathilde , Travard Lauriane , Rendu John , Marty Isabelle 
Published: September 2021

:
RyR1-related myopathies are a family of genetic neuromuscular diseases due to mutations in the
RYR1 gene. No treatment exists for any of these myopathies today, which could change in the coming years
with the growing number of studies dedicated to the pre-clinical assessment of various approaches, from pharmacological
to gene therapy strategies, using the numerous models developed up to now. In addition, the first
clinical trials for these rare diseases have just been completed or are being launched. We review the most recent
results obtained for the treatment of RyR1-related myopathies, and, in view of the progress in therapeutic development
for other myopathies, we discuss the possible future therapeutic perspectives for RyR1-related myopathies.
Diversity in the Accessory Proteins of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and
MERS-CoV Betacoronaviruses
Authors: Cruz Christian A.K. , Medina Paul M.B. 
Published: September 2021

:
Along with structural and non-structural proteins, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and
MERS-CoV can also express accessory proteins. During the past few years, there have been only a
few studies focusing on this set of proteins. Despite available data on these proteins, there are still a
lot of questions on the functions of these proteins during infection that must be answered. With
these three betacoronaviruses causing outbreaks in humans during the past few years, the need for a
thorough understanding of the roles of these proteins is becoming more important and relevant. This
review provides a survey of the existing knowledge on the roles of these proteins during infection.
In addition to current evidence, a more comprehensive view of the functions of these proteins is
presented together with their potential as therapeutic targets, which were determined by using different
bioinformatics platforms. This information may help test effective therapeutic regimens
against these viruses and in preparing for future pandemics.
Feasibility and Efficacy of Low-profile Visual Intraluminal Support
Device: A Single Center Five-year Experience
Authors: Davidov Vitaliy , Sadrameli Saeed , Desai Virendra , Lee Jonathan , Austerman Ryan , Jenson Amanda , Boghani Zain , Britz Gavin , Diaz Orlando , Klucznik Richard P. , Zhang Yi Jonathan 
Published: September 2021

Introduction:
The Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support (LVIS) devices are a
new generation of self-expandable, high-porosity stents approved for the treatment of large to giant
wide-necked intracranial aneurysms via stent-assisted coiling. Here we report the radiographic and
clinical outcomes seen with LVIS, LVIS Jr. and LVIS Blue from a single institution over a fiveyear
period.

Methods:
Patients with intracranial aneurysms treated by LVIS, LVIS Jr. and LVIS Blue technology
over a five-year period (2012 - 2017) at our institution were retrospectively reviewed.

Results:
Seventy-four patients (55 females and 19 males; average age = 59.2) with 74 aneurysms
underwent embolization of intracranial aneurysms using LVIS (N = 10), LVIS Jr. (N = 47) or
LVIS Blue (N = 12) devices at our institution over the study period. The most common location of
treated aneurysms was the anterior communicating artery (31%), followed by the basilar artery
(19%), and the middle cerebral artery (13%). The mean neck and dome sizes were 3.9±1.5mm and
6.6±3.2mm, respectively. The median follow-up time was 6 months. At the last radiographic follow-
up, 93.1% of patients had complete occlusion (RR-I or OKM-D). In 5 cases (7%), the LVIS
stent failed to open, requiring balloon angioplasty (N = 3) or stent recapture and use of a non-LVIS
branded device (N = 2). Five patients had post-embolization infarcts, and 1 patient had an intra-operative
dome rupture.

Conclusion:
LVIS brand of stents is a safe, effective, and technically feasible treatment strategy
for wide-neck intracranial aneurysms, with high deployment success and aneurysm obliteration
rates.
High-component Reactions (HCRs): An Overview of MCRs Containing
Seven or More Components as Versatile Tools in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Nikoofar Kobra , Yielzoleh Fatemeh Molaei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract:
Recently, multi-component reactions (MCRs) have gained special attention due to their versatility for the synthesis of polycyclic heterocycles. Moreover, their applicability can become more widespread as they can be combined together as a union of MCRs. In this overview, the authors have tried to collect the MCRs containing more than seven components that can lead to effectual heterocycles in organic and/or pharmaceutical chemistry. The review contains papers published up to the end of 2020. The subject is classified based on the number of substrates, such as seven-, eight-, nine-, ten-, and more components. The authors expect their report to be helpful for researchers to clarify their route to significant MCRs.
Rationality, Efficacy, Tolerability of Empagliflozin Plus Linagliptin Combination for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies
Authors: Chenchula Santenna , Varthya Shoban Babu , Padmavathi R. 
Published: September 2021

Background:
Treatment of diabetes mellitus includes more than one drug of different
groups, which may lead to a high pill burden and non-adherence to drugs. We have aimed to systematically
analyze the clinical efficacy, safety, and pharmacoeconomic cost-effectiveness of the
fixed-dose combination of empagliflozin plus a linagliptin in Type-2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Methods:
A literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, and EMBASE
was performed using the MeSH terms and/or keywords“((Single-pill combination) OR ((Fixeddose
combination) OR (Combination therapy)) AND (Empagliflozin add on-to Linagliptin) OR
(Empagliflozin combined with Linagliptin) OR ((Combination of Empagliflozin and Linagliptin)”
from the inception to February 2021.

Results:
Search results were found in a total of 13 clinical studies. After removing duplicates and
studies not according to inclusion criteria, a total of eight clinical studies (Randomized controlled
trials: 7; Observational cohort studies: 1) were included (n=7491). A significant reduction in the primary
endpoint, the mean changes in baseline HbA1c at the end of 24 weeks and/or 52 weeks was
found in the empagliflozin plus a linagliptin combination group in all included studies. In addition,
significant efficacy was seen in decreasing the secondary endpoints such as the mean change in the
fasting plasma glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and body weight with fewer
adverse events than the adverse effects with either drug alone.

Conclusion:
After reviewing findings from the available clinical studies of the combination of empagliflozin
plus linagliptin, we conclude that the combination is effective, safe, tolerable, and rationale
cost effective compared to placebo and either drug alone for the management of T2DM in patients
with inadequate glycemic control with metformin alone, patients with intolerance to metformin,
increased baseline HbA1c, patients with overweight or obesity and diabetic hypertensive,
CHF, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and renal dysfunction patients. Future randomized
controlled trials in a larger number of T2DM patients with or without CHF and renal failure patients
are recommended.