bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Early Postoperative Pressure Course in Glaucoma Patients Following Cataract Surgery
Authors: Vu Michael T , Shields M Bruce 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The intraocular pressure (IOP) course during the first 2 months after cataract surgery in patients with preexisting glaucoma was evaluated in 25 consecutive cases of extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) implantation and in 25 cases of intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE) without IOL implantation. Although the former group had a slightly more favorable postoperative IOP course, approximately half of each group had a pressure rise above 21 mm Hg on the first day postoperatively, and approximately 80% had an IOP rise during the first postoperative month. These findings support the position that all glaucoma patients require close monitoring of their IOPs immediately after both ECCE and ICCE, and that patients with moderate to advanced glaucomatous damage should probably have glaucoma surgery either before or in combination with their cataract operation.
A New Surgical Technique for Dislocated Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Insler Michael S , Mani Hamid , Peyman Gholam A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We describe a new method for fixation of dislocated posterior chamber lenses. The closed eye technique involves externalizing the haptics through the pars plana and suturing the loops to the scierai wall. There were no complications in our two patients, and the implants have remained well positioned.
Aphakic Cystoid Macular Edema Secondary to Betaxolol Therapy
Authors: Hesse Richard J , Swan John L 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Since the approval of timolol for the treatment of open-angle glaucoma, beta-adrenergic blocking drugs have replaced epinephrine, a pure alpha and beta agonist, as the treatment of choice for glaucoma in aphakic patients. To date, there have been no reports of cystoid macular edema secondary to timolol, a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker that apparently has little intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. Betaxolol is a new beta-adrenergic receptor blocker that preferentially blocks beta 1 receptors. We report a case of angiographically proven cystoid macular edema secondary to betaxolol therapy that resolved after discontinuation and recurred after a monocular therapeutic trial.
Intraocular Pressure Following Intravitreal Silicone Oil Injection
Authors: Burk Linda L , Shields M Bruce , Proia Alan D , McCuen Brooks W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The clinical features of 100 consecutive cases and the histopathology of six enucleated eyes, all having undergone silicone oil injection for complicated retinal detachments, were studied with regard to the incidence and mechanisms of postoperative intraocular pressure changes. Preoperatively, five patients had glaucoma and 35 had hypotony (7 mm Hg or less). Immediately after surgery, 43 patients had glaucoma and 14 had hypotony, while seven had glaucoma and 39 had hypotony in the late postoperative period (average follow-up of 1 year). In most cases, the mechanism of intraocular pressure change did not appear to be directly related to the presence of silicone, but rather to the preoperative status of the eye and other aspects of the vitreoretinal surgery. When silicone was a factor, the resulting intraocular pressure appeared to represent a balance between mechanisms obstructing aqueous outflow (pupillary block and the reaction to silicone bubbles in the anterior chamber angle) and mechanisms reducing aqueous production (cyclitic membranes and retinal detachment).
Cataract Extractions for Senior Surgeons
Authors: Pizzarello Louis D , Wolf Lauren 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Two groups of surgeons over the age of 70 were contacted to determine their personal experience with cataract surgery. One hundred fifty-three of 250 ophthalmologists and 107 of 250 members of the American College of Surgeons responded to a questionnaire. Sixteen (10.5%) ophthalmologists and nine (8.4%) FACS members had undergone cataract surgery in at least one eye. The mean age at the time of surgery was 72.7 years for the ophthalmologists and 66.4 years for the FACS members. Results were excellent, with 24 of the 25 eyes among the ophthalmologists having vision of 20/30 or better. Rates for surgery among spouses of both groups were lower than those for the surgeons.
'Very Late Onset' Cystoid Macular Edema
Authors: Mao Lisa Kay , Holland Peter M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Cystoid macular edema typically manifests 4 to 16 weeks after ocular surgery, ft has only rarely been documented with an onset more than 2 years postoperatively We report four patients who developed clinically significant cystoid macular edema between 7 and 16 years after initially successful surgery. Two patients had undergone intracapsular cataract extraction, one extracapsular cataract extraction, and one a scleral budding procedure. Although such cases of "very late onset" cystoid macular edema are uncommon, it should be considered in patients who suffer visual loss many years after ocular surgery.
Epithelial Downgrowth
Authors: McAllister Ian L , Meyers Sanford M , Meisler David M , Petras Robert E , McMahon James T , George Craig W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a surgically treated case of epithelial downgrowth with clinicopathologic correlation and special emphasis on the ultrastructural findings. Longterm follow-up revealed a salvaged eye, but with only peripheral vision due to glaucomatous optic atrophy.
Juxtapapillary Exophytic Retinal Capillary Hemangioma Treated by Yellow Krypton (568 nm) Laser Photocoagulation
Authors: Kremer I , Gilad E , Ben-Sira I 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A 30-year-old man was found to have juxtapapillary exophytic capillary hemangioma complicated by circinate maculopathy and peripapillary exudative retinal detachment. The diagnosis was made from the appearance of the tumor and confirmed by fluorescein angiography. The presence of intermittent hematuria associated with a cystic kidney supported the diagnosis of von-Hippel-Lindau disease. Subsequently, an attempt to treat the vascular lesion by yellow krypton (568 nm) laser photocoagulation failed to arrest the progression of the exudative retinal detachment, which finally became total.
A Simple, Convenient Tonometer Tip Disinfection Technique
Authors: Machesney William , Salz James J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A simple tonometer tip disinfection system is described. 10% sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) in a contact lens vial is taped to the base of the Goldmann applanation tonometer. The tonometer tip is then soaked for ten minutes in this vial.
The Relationship Between Retina Surgery and Preretinal Macular Fibrosis
Authors: Kraushar Marvin F , Morse Peter H 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A prospective study of 440 eyes of 220 patients following successful operations for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (132 eyes) and prophylactic operations for retinal breaks (103 eyes) revealed an incidence of preretinal macular fibrosis (PRMF) of 47% after scleral buckling surgery and 42% after prophylactic laser or cryopexy. The incidence of PRMF was significantly greater in aphakic vs phakic detachments, in detachments with operculated vs horseshoe breaks, in detachments with horseshoe breaks vs lattice degeneration, in detachments involving the macula, after scleral buckling with cryotherapy vs diathermy, and after prophylactic treatment of retinal breaks of fellow eyes with retinal detachment or retinal breaks that had developed postoperative PRMF Analysis of the data suggests that PRMF is most likely a result of the retinal break, detachment, and subsequent treatment.
Intraocular Pressure Reduction Prior to Retrobulbar Injection of Anesthetic
Authors: Zabel Ralph W , Clarke William N , Shirley Samuel Y , Rock William 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Following the retrobulbar injection of anesthetic, the application of a mechanical device to lower the intraocular pressure will produce a rise in intraocular pressure that may be sufficient to compromise ocular perfusion. To increase the margin of safety for ischemic damage, a mechanical means of intraocular pressure reduction (Superpinkie) was applied prior to, rather than following, the retrobulbar injection of anesthetic. The study group consisting of 20 patients receiving the compression-injection sequence had a mean preoperative pressure of 4.70 mm Hg, while a control group of 20 patients receiving the injection-compression sequence had a mean preoperative pressure of 2.25 mm Hg. The proposed compression-injection method was well tolerated by the patients and attained surgically adequate anesthesia, akinesia, and ocular opening pressures. In selective cases, the compression-injection technique for the delivery of retrobulbar anesthesia may offer a means of better maintaining ocular perfusion and thereby lessening the risk of vascular compromise.
Treatment of Congenital Unilateral Upper Eyelid Retraction With a Marginal Myotomy Procedure
Authors: Rovit Adam J , Deupree D M , Zang Ying-Fen , Biglan Albert W 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Two children with congenital unilateral upper eyelid retraction were treated successfully with surgery at 2 years of age. Excellent results were obtained using a modification of Grove's marginal myotomy procedure for lengthening the levator palpebrae superiorus muscle. To our knowledge, early surgical treatment for this rare idiopathic disorder has not been reported previously.
Management of Viral Retinitis
Authors: Schulman Joel A , Peyman Gholam A 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex, and herpes zoster are responsible for the majority of cases of viral retinitis. Herpes zoster also has been strongly incriminated as a causal agent in acute retinal necrosis. Effective chemotherapy exists for retinitis caused by herpes simplex and herpes zoster, along with acute retinal necrosis. Conventional antiviral therapy and i mm u nomodulators are ineffective in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with acquired immune deficiency disorder. Ganciclovir, a new antiviral agent, has significantly reduced visual morbidity in these patients. Recurrence of the infection is not uncommon while patients are on the drug or when the agent is discontinued, because ganciclovir is virostatic and does not stop viral replication in the retina. The inability to control this viral retinitis using presently available chemotherapy indicates a need to examine other therapeutic modalities.
Mepivacaine Plasma Levels After Retrobulbar Anesthesia
Authors: Michelson G , Kamp H D 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Plasma concentrations of mepivacaine were determined after retrobulbar anesthesia. The measured maximal blood levels that can produce systemic side effects range from 1.23 to 4.88 µg/ml. We therefore recommend preoperative and intraoperative monitoring of arterial blood pressure and ECG.
Albedo Concentration in the Anterior Eye: A Phenomenon that Locates Some Solar Diseases
Authors: Coroneo Minas T 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
I describe concentrations of reflected solar radiation (albedo) found at the usual sites of various conditions associated with exposure to the sun - pterygium, pinguecula, climatic droplet keratopathy and cataract and eyelid malignancy. Since the degree of limbal albedo concentration appears to be related to cornea) curvature, patients at risk can be identified by a simple test and preventative measures taken.
Muller's Muscle-conjunctival Resection Procedure in the Treatment of Ptosis in Horner's Syndrome
Authors: Glatt Herbert J , Putterman Allen M , Fett David R 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
The predictability of the phenylephrine test and the efficacy of the Muller's muscle-conjunctival resection procedure in the management of blepharoptosis in six cases of Homer's syndrome were assessed. Before phenylephrine testing or surgery, an average of 2.3 mm of ptosis was present. Topical phenylephrine elevated upper lids an average of 2.2 mm. The amount of elevation produced by the phenylephrine guided the amount of Muller's muscle and conjunctiva resected. Postoperative upper lid levels were exactly symmetrical in five of six patients. In one patient the previously ptotic lid was 0.5 mm higher than the contralateral lid. Even though Muller's muscle is rendered nonfunctional in Horner's syndrome by denervation, the Muller's muscle-conjunctival resection procedure proved to be a very effective method of treating ptosis in this setting. Our findings imply that the mechanism by which this procedure alleviates ptosis is independent of active contraction of Muller's muscle.
Lacrimal Gland Prolapse in Craniosynostosis Syndromes and Poor Function Congenital Ptosis
Authors: Jordan David R , Germer Bruce A , Anderson Richard L , Morales Louis 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Lacrimal gland prolapse is an important, though uncommon, feature found in craniofacial abnormalities as well as in cases of poor function congenital ptosis. It occurs secondary to a number of conditions, including increased posterior pressure secondary to decreased orbital volume; also, supportive structures of the gland often may be weak in conjunction with a poor function ptosis or as a result of trauma at the time of major reconstruction. Recognition of the prolapsed gland and its replacement into the lacrimal gland fossa in craniosynostosis syndromes, as well as in cases of poor function congenital ptosis in general, allows the temporal eyelid to approach a more normal position, yielding an improved functional and cosmetic result.
A Multipurpose Dye Laser Photocoagulation System
Authors: Sasamoto Kenji , Koh Teizen , Kuroda Shinichiro , Kani Kazutaka 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We modified a single argon/dye laser photocoagulator by adding two optical fibers so that it could be used with a slit-lamp microscope, an operating microscope, and with an endophotocoagulation probe. One fiber is attached to a nearby slit-lamp microscope; the other extends approximately 70 m and can be connected to either an operating microscope or an endophotocoagulation probe. An electrically-operated mirror inside the machine controls which of the two fibers the laser beam passes through. Separate control boxes for each fiber permit direct regulation of the photocoagulation process in all situations.
Accommodative Intraocular Lens with Spring Action Part 1. Design and Placement in an Excised Animal Eye
Authors: Hara Tsutomu , Hara Takako , Yamada Yoshiharu 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We designed an intraocular lens (IOL) with spring action, which we call the Spring IOL, with the idea of providing a slight but adequate accommodative power. The Spring IOL consists of two 6.0-mm optics, held 4.38 mm apart, and four flexible loops. The optics are made of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and the loops of polyvinylidene fluoride. The lens's refractive power is provided by the anterior optic; the posterior optic acts as a footplate to restrict the anteroposterior movement of the anterior optic. By torsionally compressing the obliquely arranged loops, a 10.0-mm 3-dimensional IOL can be reduced to 6.0 mm and inserted in the capsular bag through a 3.5-mm capsular opening. Because the Spring IOL is made of the same materials as conventional IOLs, most of the problems hindering the development of a refilling material (which could also provide accommodation) are avoided. In this first report we discuss the design of the lens, the refractive theory involved, and our experience inserting it in an excised animal eye.
Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Orbit Arising from a Stable, Benign-Appearing Eyelid Nodule
Authors: Holds John B , Haines John H , Mamalis Nick , Anderson Richard L , Wolin Mitchell J 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Mucinous adenocarcinoma is a rare eyelid tumor which should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a nodular or cystic lesion of the eyelid. This lesion may be locally aggressive and requires complete excision to prevent local recurrence or regional metastases. We present what we believe is the first report of a mucinous adenocarcinoma manifesting as a stable, benign-appearing nodule that has already given rise to a much larger secondary lesion. This case underscores the importance of performing a biopsy on even benign-appearing eyelid nodules.
Combined Cataract Implant and Filtering Surgery with 5-Fluorouracil
Authors: Cohen John S 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
In this preliminary retrospective study, results of combined extracapsular cataract extraction, intraocular lens implantation, and filtering surgery with subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) injections in 22 eyes were compared with those obtained in a similar group without 5-FU injections. Five to 35 mg (mean, 17.3 mg) of 5-FU were administered to each eye in the 5-FU group. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was controlled with fewer medications postoperatively than preoperatively in both the 5-FU group and the control group. However, the 5-FU group demonstrated statistically significant greater improvement in IOP control than the control group (P = .043).
Medical Postoperative Management of Massive Conjunctival Prolapse: A Case Report
Authors: Serrano Federico G , Mora Luz Matilde P 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
A severe case of conjunctival prolapse secondary to a posttraumatic carotid-cavernous fistula is presented. Management with a humid chamber and topical ointments obviated surgical intervention that might have compromised the inferior cul de sac.
Perilymphatic Subcutaneous Atrophy in Adnexal Hemangioma: A Complication of Intralesional Corticosteroid Injection
Authors: Ford Marybeth Dunston , Codere Francois 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We report a case of atrophy of the perilymphatic, subcutaneous tissue following local steroid injection of an eyelid capillary hemangioma. Unlike such cases that have been previously reported, the atrophy in our case occurred after a single injection of triamcinolone. It spontaneously resolved over a period of 1 year. Although many cases of atrophy following local corticosteroid injections for other lesions elsewhere in the body have been reported, the entity we describe is a rare complication in capillary hemangioma therapy.
Ciliary Sulcus Suturing of a Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens
Authors: Nabors Glenn , Varley Michael P , Charles Steve 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We describe a method for ciliary sulcus fixation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) in the absence of an intact posterior capsule. This method, which combines a lens fixation procedure with trans pars plana vitrectomy techniques to ensure safe manipulation of the lens implant in the absence of an intact anterior hyaloid face, is ideally suited for retrieval and repositioning of PC-IOLs dislocated into the vitreous. It also permits closed system repositioning and fixation of the implant, thereby avoiding the complications of vitreous loss and the need for reopening the Mmbal incision.
The Value of Strabismus Surgery
Authors: Helveston Eugene M 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
Strabismus surgery is indicated for a variety of conditions stemming from misalignment of the eyes, abnormal head posture, and nystagmus. Although part of the value of such surgery lies in the fact that it improves appearance, it differs from cosmetic surgery, because, unlike the latter, it is designed to restore only normal configuration for ocular alignment - straight and/or aligned with the object of regard. A wide array of diagnostic tests are used to determine the precise treatment required, the goal of which is to provide comfortable vision, normal head position, and normal human appearance. In some cases nonsurgical techniques can be used to treat strabismus, but there is no evidence that visual training is an effective means of straightening eyes in those cases where surgery is considered the treatment of choice.
For the most common strabismus, essential infantile or "congenital" esotropia, 80 + % of infants have "straight" eyes after the initial operation, and 90% after a second operation, most of these with "straight eyes" have residual deviation of 5 prism diopters of esotropia or less. More than 50% of surgically treated patients have stable, long-term satisfactory results. Considering the effort required on the part of the ophthalmologist, together with the physical and psychological benefit to the patient, the cost of strabismus surgery should be equal to that of any major ophthalmic surgical procedure. That strabismus surgery is compensated at a lower rate, than for example, cataract surgery, suggests that strabismus surgery is an excellent value.
Side Effects of the Use of Botulinum Toxin for Treatment of Benign Essential Blepharospasm and Hemifacial Spasm
Authors: Kalra Hanspreet K , Magoon Elbert H 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
From April 1983 to April 1988, 381 botulinum toxin injections for lid spasms were administered to 106 patients. Sixty-nine had bilateral blepharospasm and 37 had hemifacial spasm- Of the 381 injections, 308 had been given to patients who returned for followup examinations. No systemic effects were noted at any of these visits; all side effects were temporary; there were no serious complications. Ptosis, the most frequently encountered problem, occurred after 26 (8.4%) of the injections. Other complications included: corneal exposure (after eight injections, 2.59%); face droop (after 11 injections, 3.57%); diplopia (after five injections, 1.62%); and subtle visual blurring (after eight injections, 2.59%). One patient noted jaw tenseness, another mentioned tearing, one reported brow droop, and another complained of crossed eyes. Ten injections had minimal effect; in these cases a repeat injection usually was effective. Only four patients chose surgery after beginning injections. We conclude that botulinum toxin injections are a safe, effective means of treating lid spasms.
A Modified Extracapsular Cataract Extraction for Pediatric Cataracts
Authors: Caputo Anthony R , Guo Suqin , Wagner Rudolph S , Constad William H 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We present a modified procedure of extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with a small central posterior capsulectomy for pediatric cataracts that is designed to eliminate posterior capsule opacification and to keep open the option of later secondary implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens. Of 76 study eyes in which the procedure was performed only three developed posterior capsule opacification. All seven control eyes that had standard ECCE with the posterior capsule left intact developed secondary membranes shortly after surgery.
Nd:YAG Laser Photodisruption of the Vitreous Traction in Avulsed Retinal Vessel Syndrome
Authors: Tatsui Tetsuo , Ohara Kunitoshi , Shimizu Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
We applied Nd:YAG laser photodisruption to vitreous traction in three patients with avulsed retinal vessel syndrome. In every case the vitreous traction on the avulsed vessels was relieved and the vessel that had been avulsed in the vitreous cavity returned to the retinal surface postoperatively. There were no serious intraoperative and postoperative complications, nor was there any evidence of recurrence of vitreous hemorrhage after the treatment.