bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid and Label‐Free Detection of 5‐Hydroxymethylcytosine in Genomic DNA Using an Au/ZnO Nanorods Hybrid Nanostructure‐Based Electrochemical Sensor
Authors: Sideeq Bhat Kiesar , Kim Hyejin , Alam Asrar , Ko Myunggon , An Jungeun , Lim Sooman 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTen‐eleven‐translocation (TET) proteins modify DNA methylation by oxidizing 5‐methylcytosine (5mC) to 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). Loss of 5hmC, a widely accepted epigenetic hallmark of cancers, is proposed as a biomarker for early cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Thus, precise quantification of 5hmC holds great potential for diverse clinical applications. DNAs containing 5mC or 5hmC display different adsorption affinity toward the gold surface, thus producing different electrochemical responses. Here a novel, label‐free electrochemical sensor based on gold nanoparticles (Au NPs)/zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) nanostructure for the facile and real‐time detection of 5hmC‐enriched DNAs is reported. The hybrid structure is fabricated by the vertical hydrothermal growth of ZnO NRs onto indium tin oxide glass substrate, followed by the decoration of ZnO NRs with Au NPs via sputtering. Successful fabrication is confirmed by analyzing the morphology and chemical composition of the sensor. By coupling the fabricated sensor with cyclic voltammetry, its functionality in distinguishing genomic DNAs containing different levels of 5hmC is validated. Notably, the sensor device successfully and consistently detects 5hmC loss in primary hepatocellular carcinoma, compared to the normal tissues. Thus, the novel sensing strategy to assess DNA hydroxymethylation will likely find broad applications in early cancer diagnosis and prognosis evaluation.
Acoustic Droplet Printing Tumor Organoids for Modeling Bladder Tumor Immune Microenvironment within a Week
Authors: Gong Zhiyi , Huang Lanxiang , Tang Xuan , Chen Keke , Wu Zhuhao , Zhang Lingling , Sun Yue , Xia Yu , Chen Hui , Wei Yongchang , Wang Fubing , Guo Shishang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCurrent organoid models are limited by the incapability of rapidly fabricating organoids that can mimic the immune microenvironment for a short term. Here, an acoustic droplet‐based platform is presented to facilitate the rapid formation of tumor organoids, which retains the original tumor immune microenvironment and establishes a personalized bladder cancer tumor immunotherapy model. In combination with a hydrophobic substrate, the acoustic droplet printer can yield a large number of homogeneous and highly viable bladder tumor organoids in vitro within a week. The generated organoids consist of all components of bladder tumor, including diverse immune elements and tumor cells. By coculturing tumor organoids with autologous immune cells for 2 days, tumor reactive T cells are induced in vitro. Furthermore, it is also demonstrated that these tumor‐reactive T cells can also enhance the killing efficiency of matched organoids. Because of the easy operation, repeatability, and stability, the proposed acoustic droplet platform will provide a reliable approach for personalized tumor immunotherapy.
Harnessing the Volume Expansion of MoS3 Anode by Structure Engineering to Achieve High Performance Beyond Lithium‐Based Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Ma Mingze , Zhang Shipeng , Wang Lifeng , Yao Yu , Shao Ruiwen , Shen Lin , Yu Lai , Dai Junyi , Jiang Yu , Cheng Xiaolong , Wu Ying , Wu Xiaojun , Yao Xiayin , Zhang Qiaobao , Yu Yan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBeyond‐lithium‐ion storage devices are promising alternatives to lithium‐ion storage devices for low‐cost and large‐scale applications. Nowadays, the most of high‐capacity electrodes are crystal materials. However, these crystal materials with intrinsic anisotropy feature generally suffer from lattice strain and structure pulverization during the electrochemical process. Herein, a 2D heterostructure of amorphous molybdenum sulfide (MoS3) on reduced graphene surface (denoted as MoS3‐on‐rGO), which exhibits low strain and fast reaction kinetics for beyond‐lithium‐ions (Na+, K+, Zn2+) storage is demonstrated. Benefiting from the low volume expansion and small sodiation strain of the MoS3‐on‐rGO, it displays ultralong cycling performance of 40 000 cycles at 10 A g−1 for sodium‐ion batteries. Furthermore, the as‐constructed 2D heterostructure also delivers superior electrochemical performance when used in Na+ full batteries, solid‐state sodium batteries, K+ batteries, Zn2+ batteries and hybrid supercapacitors, demonstrating its excellent application prospect.
Granular activated carbon‐based treatment and mobility of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances in potable reuse for aquifer recharge
Authors: Gonzalez Dana , Thompson Kyle , Quiñones Oscar , Dickenson Eric , Bott Charles 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHampton Roads Sanitation District recently initiated an indirect potable reuse project to recharge the Potomac Aquifer in southeastern Virginia, USA. Source control and granular activated carbon (GAC) treatment are employed to minimize per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) content in this water. Final purified water maintained low long‐chain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs; <8 ppt sum of PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFHxS, PFOS) and moderately low short‐chain PFAAs (<118 ppt of sum PFBA, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFHpA, PFBS). High mobility of low concentrations of five PFAS (PFBS, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFHpA, PFOA) in the Potomac Aquifer was observed. Despite low concentrations relative to current guidelines, PFAS breakthrough and mobility support strict source control and the use of surrogates like total organic carbon to guide GAC operation at the installation.Article Impact StatementSource control and granular activated carbon operation targeting 4 mg/L total organic carbon in effluent maintained low per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances concentrations in indirect potable reuse water.
To inorganic nanoparticles via nanoclusters: Nonclassical nucleation and growth pathway
Authors: Chang Hogeun , Bootharaju Megalamane S. , Lee Sanghwa , Kim Jeong Hyun , Kim Byung Hyo , Hyeon Taeghwan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNanoclusters, intermediates in size between atoms and nanoparticles, have been a topic of great interest because of their unique molecular structures and optical properties as compared to those of nanoparticles and bulk counterparts. Recent mechanistic studies have shown that the nanoclusters appear in the initial stages of the nanoparticle growth. The formation of nanoclusters is supported by the nonclassical nucleation theory, revealing that the nanoclusters with extremely large surface areas can be stabilized by the ligands. In this review, we first provide the theoretical background of the classical and nonclassical nucleation mechanisms in the nanoparticle formation, which helps understand the stability of nanoclusters. We then focus on the synthesis and characterization of nanoclusters of noble metals, semiconductors, metal oxides, and their alloys. Furthermore, the potential applications in bioimaging, sensing, optoelectronics, and catalysis, enabled by unique optical and chemical properties of nanoclusters, are discussed.
Personality traits and sexual self‐efficacy in diabetic women: The mediating role of marital satisfaction and sexual function
Authors: Jabbari Masoumeh , Hosseini ‐Tabaghdehi Monirolsadate , Kashi Zahra , Mousavinasab Nouraddin , Shahhosseini Zohreh 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIntroductionAlthough the relationship between personality traits and sexual self‐efficacy has received theoretical and empirical support, there is little information on how personality affects the sexual self‐efficacy of diabetic women. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of marital satisfaction and sexual function in the relationship between personality traits and sexual self‐efficacy in diabetic women.MethodsUsing a two‐stage sampling method, 410 reproductive‐aged Iranian women with type 2 diabetes were recruited in this descriptive‐analytical study. The participants completed self‐administered questionnaires, including the Vaziri Sexual Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire, the Female Sexual Function Index, ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale, and the Goldberg's Big Five Questionnaire. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling was employed in Amos software version 24.ResultsResults indicated an acceptable fit of the model to the data. Personality trait of openness to experience was associated with sexual self‐efficacy directly (β = .02, p = .030) and indirectly through the mediators of marital satisfaction (β = .06, p = .009) and sexual function (β = .18, p = .014). Furthermore, sexual function was associated with sexual self‐efficacy directly (β = .50, p = .025) and indirectly through the mediator of marital satisfaction (β = .36, p = .012).ConclusionDue to the mediating role of marital satisfaction and sexual function, this study has some practical implications for improving the sexual self‐efficacy of diabetic women with different personality traits.
cN+pN0 disease does not portend a less favorable prognosis compared with cN0pN0 in patients with resected oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lin Chien‐Yu , Lee Li‐Yu , Cheng Nai‐Ming , Lee Shu Ru , Tsai Chi‐Ying , Hsueh Chuen , Fan Kang‐Hsing , Wang Hung‐Ming , Hsieh Chia‐Hsun , Ng Shu‐Hang , Yeh Chih‐Hua , Lin Chih‐Hung , Tsao Chung‐Kan , Fang Tuan‐Jen , Huang Shiang‐Fu , Lee Li‐Ang , Kang Chung‐Jan , Fang Ku‐Hao , Wang Yu‐Chien , Lin Wan‐Ni , Hsin Li‐Jen , Yen Tzu‐Chen , Liao Chun‐Ta 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe compared the clinical outcomes of patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) with cN+pN0 versus cN0pN0 disease.MethodsA total of 1309 OCSCC patients with pN0 disease were included. Of them, 1019 and 290 cases had cN0pN0 and cN+pN0 disease, respectively. For comparison purposes, we also examined 799 patients with pN+disease (cN0pN+/cN+pN+, n = 239/560). Subgroup analysis was performed in a propensity score‐matched cohort with cN0pN0 and cN+pN0 disease (n = 284 each).ResultsCompared with cN0pN0, patients with cN+pN0 had a higher prevalence of the following variables: betel chewing, pT3−4, depth ≥10 mm, perineural invasion, and treatment with surgery and adjuvant therapy. The prognosis of patients with cN+pN0 (mean: 52 nodes) and cN0pN0 (mean: 39 nodes) disease was similar both in the original cohort and after propensity score matching. However, the 5‐year outcomes were more favorable for cN+pN0/cN0pN0 compared with cN0pN+/cN+pN+ (local control, 88%/88%/83%/81%; neck control, 94%/93%/82%/76%; distant metastases, 4%/3%/13%/31%; disease‐free survival, 84%/83%/68%/52%; disease‐specific survival, 92%/92%/77%/57%; overall survival, 81%/82%/59%/42%; all p values <0.001; cN+pN0 versus cN0pN0, all p values >0.05). cN+pN0 disease (vs. cN0pN0) was not significantly associated with local control, neck control, distant metastases, and survivals either in univariable or multivariable analyses.ConclusionsDespite a higher risk factor burden, the prognosis of patients with cN+pN0 disease did not differ from that of cases with cN0pN0. The higher nodal yield and the more frequent use of adjuvant therapy in cN+pN0 disease may explain the lack of significant differences in terms of neck control compared with cN0pN0 disease.
Use of Cerebrolysin in combination with high‐dose aspirin antithrombotic treatment of ischemic stroke: A case report
Authors: Borisevich Alexander , Veremeyuk Konstantin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis clinical case is an example of a potential synergistic neuroprotective interaction of Cerebrolysin and high doses of aspirin. The case describes the significant recovery of neurological deficits in a patient with moderate ischemic stroke (NIHSS 12 points) caused by right posterior cerebral artery thrombosis (RPCAT) after treatment with Cerebrolysin in combination with high dose of aspirin. Within 7 days after the initiation of the treatment regimen, the NIHSS score improved to 3 points and a control MRI that was performed on the 10th day after stroke, showed a significant decrease of the ischemic area and cerebral edema zone. It further might have an evidence that the combination of Cerebrolysin with high‐dose aspirin is safe and might have a synergistic effect in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
Implementation of Computational Fluid Dynamics and Response Surface Methodology to Study Nanofluid Heat Transfer
Authors: Mirzaee Rasekh Shayan , Karimi Yavar , Miramirkhani Farnoosh , Solaimany Nazar Ali Reza 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMethods of computational fluid dynamics and design of experiments are implemented in modeling the heat transfer of an Al2O3/water‐ethylene glycol (EG) nanofluid as a coolant in a car radiator system. The main purpose of the study is to propose a model to predict the Nusselt number using the design of computer experiment. The response surface methodology is applied to investigate the effects of the flow rate, the nanoparticle concentration, the water/EG ratio, and the inlet temperature on Nu. Analysis of variance is performed to obtain a suitable correlation that could predict Nu, leading to the elimination of insignificant terms in the initial proposed quadric model and the attainment of a reduced model. Moreover, the reduced model is converted to a simpler linear model using Box‐Cox transformation, which predicts Nu with an accuracy of ±20 %.
Ultrasound‐Assisted Leaching of Vanadium and Yttrium from Coal Ash: Optimization, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study
Authors: Masoum Hero Ghasemi , Rastegar Seyed Omid , Khamforoush Mehrdad 
Published: September 2021

AbstractVanadium (V) and yttrium (Y) were extracted from coal fly ash by a leaching process utilizing sulfuric acid with assistance of ultrasonic and hydrogen peroxide. Response surface methodology was applied to optimize main factors including solid‐to‐liquid (S/L) ratio, H2SO4 percentage, and H2O2 percentage. Under optimal conditions recovery rates for V and Y were 100 % and 97 %, respectively. A modified shrinking core model to study the kinetic leaching showed that the mass diffusion step controlled the reaction rate. The enthalpies for V and Y recovery indicated that the process was endothermic. Gibbs energy for both metals was negative, i.e., the process was spontaneous. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was applied to determine the effects of acid concentration and ultrasound on the surface of coal fly ash. Results demonstrated that the leaching agent could degrade and diffuse to coal ash particles.
Influence of Monomers’ Structure on the Assembly and Material Property of Pillar[5]arene‐Based Supramolecular Polymer Gels
Authors: Liu Juan , Sun Xiao‐Wen , Huang Ting‐Ting , Zhang You‐Ming , Yao Hong , Wei Tai‐Bao , Lin Qi 
Published: September 2021

Main observation and conclusionPillar[5]arene‐based supramolecular polymer gels (SPGs) show broad application prospects. To investigate the influence of the supramolecular monomers’ structure on the assembly and properties of corresponding pillar[5]arene‐based SPGs, a series of monomers based on different functionalized pillar[5]arene derivatives with various structures were synthesized. There are per‐methylated pillar[5]arene (H1), bromobutane‐functionalized pillar[5]arene (H2), 4‐hydroxybenzaldehyde‐functionalized pillar[5]arene (H3), ethyl thioglycolate‐functionalized pillar[5]arene (H4), thioacetylhydrazine‐functionalized pillar[5]arene (H5), bola‐type bis‐pillar[5]arene (H6) and tripodal‐type tri‐pillar[5]arene (H7). Meanwhile, a neutral tripodal‐guest TG was also employed to co‐assemble with these pillar[5]arene‐based monomers by host‐guest interactions. As a result, under the same conditions (10%, DMSO‐H2O, w/v, 10 mg·mL–1 = 1%), H1 and H2 cannot assemble into SPGs with TG. Interestingly, mono‐p[5] derivatives H3—H5 could assemble into SPGs with TG. More importantly, bis‐p[5] H6 and tri‐p[5] H7 could assemble into supramolecular polymer network gel (SPNG) and supramolecular polymer organic framework gel (SOFG) with TG, respectively. These gels all show blue aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties. Among these SPGs, the SPNG shows the best viscoelastic behavior and self‐healing properties. The result is attributed to the flexible network structure of SPNGs. In addition, the xerogels of SOFG and SPNG have shown nice adsorption and separation properties for organic dyes in water solution.
UV‐C Activation of Peroxides for Bisphenol A Removal from a Real Water Sample
Authors: Öztürk Pinar , Koba‐Ucun Olga , Arslan‐Alaton Idil 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe peroxides peracetic acid (PAA) and percarbonate (PC) are applied for UV‐C‐based advanced oxidation of the endocrine disrupting micropollutant bisphenol A (BPA; 2 mg L−1 = 8.76 µm) in pure and tap water. Their performance is compared with the more conventional hydrogen peroxide (HP)‐ and persulfate (PS)‐activated UV‐C treatments. Acidic and neutral pH values, 4 and 7, result in faster BPA removals with HP‐ and PS‐activated UV‐C treatments, respectively, whereas higher BPA removal rates are obtained at acidic and alkaline pH values, 4 and 10, with the PC/UV‐C and PAA/UV‐C treatments, respectively. Increasing the peroxide concentrations enhances BPA removals with the exception of PC/UV‐C treatment where an asymptotic removal rate is ultimately reached due to the inhibitory effect of increasing alkalinity. The order of total organic carbon (TOC) removal for the BPA‐spiked tap water (TW) (TOC ≈ 5 mg L−1 with added BPA) is TOCPAA/UV‐C (16%) < TOCPS/UV‐C (24%) < TOCHP/UV‐C (27%) < TOCPC/UV‐C (35%). BPA removal is most negatively affected for the HP/UV‐C processes, whereas the PC/UV‐C process outperformed the other peroxide/UV‐C treatments in terms of TOC removal due to the differences in the reactivity/selectivity of the in situ formed free radical types that may become important when working with real water. The originally low toxicity toward the marine photobacterium Vibrio fischeri and the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna fluctuated during photochemical treatments.
Assessment of Soil Degradation in a Palustrine Wetland and the Implication on Its Water Purification Potential
Authors: George Maeti , Ngole‐Jeme Veronica M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study determines the extent of degradation of soils in Khubelu wetland in Lesotho and the impact this may have on its water purification potential. 72 soil samples are collected at different sites and depths around the wetland and characterized for different properties. The values of these properties are then used to determine the chemical degradation index (CDI) of the wetland soils. The soils are non‐saline (electrical conductivity < 0.25 mS cm−1), mostly acidic (4.5 < pH < 5.22) with moderate organic matter content (2.06–3.9%). Soil properties vary with depth and from upstream to downstream of the wetland. Values for soil CDI are 3.42, 3.25, and 3.06 for soils from upstream, midstream, and downstream of the wetland respectively, indicating a decrease in soil degradation from upstream to downstream. The dominance of emergent vegetation in the wetland indicates a potential to get rid of sediments in wetland influents but the soil characteristics may present a challenge in the removal of nutrients and organic and inorganic pollutants from these influents. The characteristics of the soils and the extent of soil degradation present some challenges in the wetland’s ability to filter out nutrients and organic and inorganic pollutants.
Evaluation of the DSSAT‐CANEGRO model for simulating the growth of energy cane (Saccharumspp.), a biofuel feedstock crop
Authors: Pokhrel Pramod , Rajan Nithya , Jifon John , Rooney William , Jessup Russell , da Silva Jorge , Enciso Juan , Attia Ahmed 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer for sugarcane (DSSAT‐CANEGRO) was evaluated for simulating the growth of energy cane (Saccharumspp. hybrid), a perennial biofuel feedstock crop. Plant growth data collected from a field experiment conducted in the semi‐arid Texas Rolling Plains was used for model calibration and validation. All model performance indicators showed good agreement between simulated and measured biomass accumulation. After calibration, model was used for simulating plant cane and ratoon biomass yield using long‐term (i.e., 33‐year) historic weather data under rainfed and two irrigation levels. The irrigated treatments were a) 300 mm seasonal supplementary irrigation and b) auto‐irrigation to replenish soil water in the profile to field capacity. The long‐term average biomass yield of plant cane (6.4 ± 0.47 Mg ha–1) and ratoon (14.4 ± 0.92 Mg ha–1) were the lowest when simulated under rainfed conditions. Supplemental irrigation with 300 mm irrigation water significantly increased yield of both crops (14.6 ± 0.53 Mg ha–1for plant cane and 29.5 ± 1.33 Mg ha–1for ratoon). The auto‐irrigation option substantially increased the amount of water applied and resulted in an average biomass of 16.7 ± 0.24 Mg ha–1for plant cane and 44.4 ± 0.36 Mg ha–1for ratoon. Biomass water use efficiency was the highest for ratoon due to its longer growing season. This modeling study showed reasonable performance of DSSAT‐CANEGRO for simulating energy cane growth. Irrigation experiments using historical data showed energy cane as a competitive biomass crop in the Texas Rolling Plains region.
Automated identification of maximal differential cell populations in flow cytometry data
Authors: Yue Alice , Chauve Cedric , Libbrecht Maxwell W. , Brinkman Ryan R. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe introduce a new cell population score called SpecEnr (specific enrichment) and describe a method that discovers robust and accurate candidate biomarkers from flow cytometry data. Our approach identifies a new class of candidate biomarkers we define as driver cell populations, whose abundance is associated with a sample class (e.g., disease), but not as a result of a change in a related population. We show that the driver cell populations we find are also easily interpretable using a lattice‐based visualization tool. Our method is implemented in the R package flowGraph, freely available on GitHub (github.com/aya49/flowGraph) and on BioConductor.
Timing‐specific associations between income‐to‐needs ratio and hippocampal and amygdala volumes in middle childhood: A preliminary study
Authors: Ramphal Bruce , Pagliaccio David , Dworkin Jordan D. , Herbstman Julie , Noble Kimberly G. , Margolis Amy E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIt is well known that financial disadvantage is associated with alterations in brain development in regions critical to socioemotional well‐being such as the hippocampus and the amygdala. Yet little is known about whether family income at different points in development is differentially associated with these structures. Furthermore, little is known about which environmental factors statistically mediate associations between income and subcortical structure. Using a longitudinal birth cohort and linear mixed‐effects models, we identified associations between income‐to‐needs ratio (INR) at 6 timepoints throughout childhood and hippocampal and amygdala volumes at age 7–9 years (n = 41; 236 INR measurements; 41 brain measurements). Mediation analysis identified environmental sequelae of income that statistically accounted for INR–brain associations. Lower INR prior to age 4 was associated with smaller hippocampal volumes, whereas lower INR prior to age 2 was associated with smaller right amygdala volume. These associations were mediated by unmet basic needs (e.g., food, housing). These findings delineate the temporal specificity of associations between income and hippocampal and amygdala structures.