bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Roles of acyl-CoA-binding proteins in plant reproduction
Authors: Hamdan Mohd Fadhli , Lung Shiu-Cheung , Guo Ze-Hua , Chye Mee-Len 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Acyl-CoA-binding proteins (ACBPs) constitute a well-conserved family of proteins in eukaryotes that are important in stress responses and development. Past studies have shown that ACBPs are involved in maintaining, transporting and protecting acyl-CoA esters during lipid biosynthesis in plants, mammals, and yeast. ACBPs show differential expression and various binding affinities for acyl-CoA esters. Hence, ACBPs can play a crucial part in maintaining lipid homeostasis. This review summarizes the functions of ACBPs during the stages of reproduction in plants and other organisms. A comprehensive understanding on the roles of ACBPs during plant reproduction may lead to opportunities in crop improvement in agriculture.
A Balanced Robertsonian Translocation in a Patient with a Janus Kinase 2–Positive Polycythemia Vera
Authors: Strasser Bernhard , Paar Christian , Kiesl David , Tomasits Josef 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
A male patient with a persistent, combined erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, and thrombocytosis without representative evidence of reactive increase emerged as having a myeloproliferative disorder. Molecular-biological assessment yielded Janus kinase 2–positive results, and the patient was diagnosed with polycythemia vera. In addition to these findings, further karyotyping accounted for a Robertsonian translocation. Because this rearrangement was a balanced variant, we concluded that this cytogenetic result might not significantly alter the diagnosis of polycythemia vera.
A quantitative assessment of completeness correction methods and public release of a versatile simulation code
Authors: Leethochawalit Nicha , Trenti Michele , Morishita Takahiro , Roberts-Borsani Guido , Treu Tommaso 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
Having accurate completeness functions is crucial to the determination of the rest-frame ultraviolet luminosity functions (UVLFs) all the way back to the epoch of reionization. Most studies use injection-recovery simulations to determine completeness functions. Although conceptually similar, published approaches have subtle but important differences in their definition of the completeness function. As a result, they implement different methods to determine the UVLFs. We discuss the advantages and limitations of existing methods using a set of mock observations, and then compare the methods when applied to the same set of Hubble Legacy Field (HLF) images. We find that the most robust method under all our mock observations is the one that defines completeness as a function of both input and output magnitude. Other methods considering completeness only as a function of either input or output magnitude may suffer limitations in a presence of photometric scatter and/or steep luminosity functions. In particular, when the flux scatter is ≳ 0.2 mag, the bias in the bright end of the UVLFs is on par with other systematic effects such as the lensing magnification bias. When tested on HLF images, all methods yield UVLFs that are consistent within 2σ confidence, suggesting that UVLF uncertainties in the literature are still dominated by small number statistics and cosmic variance. The completeness simulation code used in this study (GLACiaR2) is publicly released with this paper as a tool to analyse future higher precision data sets such as those expected from the James Webb Space Telescope.
The small boxy/peanut structure of the Milky Way traced by old stars
Authors: Semczuk Marcin , Dehnen Walter , Schönrich Ralph , Athanassoula E 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
We analyse the positions of RR Lyrae stars in the central region of the Milky Way. In addition to the overall bar shape detected previously, we find evidence for a peanut shaped structure, in form of overdensities near ℓ = −2 and 1° at b ∼ −3.5°. The corresponding physical distance between the two peaks of the peanut is $\sim 0.7\,$ kpc, significantly shorter than that found from near-IR images (3.3 kpc) and red-clump stars. Qualitatively this is expected from ‘fractionation’ of bar orbits, which we demonstrate to be matched in a simulation of an inside-out growing disc subsequently forming a bar.
Zinc mediates the interaction between ceruloplasmin and apo-transferrin for the efficient transfer of Fe(III) ions
Authors: Sakajiri Tetsuya , Nakatsuji Masatoshi , Teraoka Yoshiaki , Furuta Kosuke , Ikuta Katsuya , Shibusa Kotoe , Sugano Eriko , Tomita Hiroshi , Inui Takashi , Yamamura Takaki 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFe(II) exported from cells is oxidized to Fe(III), possibly by a multicopper ferroxidase (MCF) such as ceruloplasmin (CP), to efficiently bind with the plasma iron transport protein transferrin (TF). As unbound Fe(III) is highly insoluble and reactive, its release into the blood during the transfer from MCF to TF must be prevented. A likely mechanism for preventing the release of unbound Fe(III) is via direct interaction between MCF and TF; however, the occurrence of this phenomenon remains controversial. This study aimed to reveal the interaction between these proteins, possibly mediated by zinc. Using spectrophotometry, isothermal titration calorimetry, and surface plasmon resonance methods, we found that Zn(II)-bound CP bound to iron-free TF (apo-TF) with a Kd of 4.2 μM and a stoichiometry CP:TF of ∼2:1. Computational modeling of the complex between CP and apo-TF predicted that each of the three Zn(II) ions that bind to CP further binds to an acidic amino acid residue of apo-TF to play a role as a cross-linker connecting both proteins. Domain 4 of one CP molecule and domain 6 of the other CP molecule fit tightly into the clefts in the N- and C-lobes of apo-TF, respectively. Upon the binding of two Fe(III) ions to apo-TF, the resulting diferric TF [Fe(III)2TF] dissociated from CP by conformational changes in TF. In human blood plasma, zinc deficiency reduced the production of Fe(III)2TF and concomitantly increased the production of non-TF-bound iron. Our findings suggest that zinc may be involved in the transfer of iron between CP and TF.
Coordination of -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting by transcript and nascent chain features revealed by deep mutational scanning
Authors: Carmody Patrick J , Zimmer Matthew H , Kuntz Charles P , Harrington Haley R , Duckworth Kate E , Penn Wesley D , Mukhopadhyay Suchetana , Miller Thomas F , Schlebach Jonathan P 
Published: November 2021

AbstractProgrammed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) is a translational recoding mechanism that enables the synthesis of multiple polypeptides from a single transcript. During translation of the alphavirus structural polyprotein, the efficiency of −1PRF is coordinated by a ‘slippery’ sequence in the transcript, an adjacent RNA stem–loop, and a conformational transition in the nascent polypeptide chain. To characterize each of these effectors, we measured the effects of 4530 mutations on −1PRF by deep mutational scanning. While most mutations within the slip-site and stem–loop reduce the efficiency of −1PRF, the effects of mutations upstream of the slip-site are far more variable. We identify several regions where modifications of the amino acid sequence of the nascent polypeptide impact the efficiency of −1PRF. Molecular dynamics simulations of polyprotein biogenesis suggest the effects of these mutations primarily arise from their impacts on the mechanical forces that are generated by the translocon-mediated cotranslational folding of the nascent polypeptide chain. Finally, we provide evidence suggesting that the coupling between cotranslational folding and −1PRF depends on the translation kinetics upstream of the slip-site. These findings demonstrate how −1PRF is coordinated by features within both the transcript and nascent chain.
Digital health and artificial intelligence in kidney research: a report from the 2020 Kidney Disease Clinical Trialists (KDCT) meeting
Authors: Yi Tae Won , Laing Chris , Kretzler Matthias , Nkulikiyinka Richard , Legrand Matthieu , Jardine Meg , Rossignol Patrick , Smyth Brendan 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
The exponential growth in digital technology coupled with the global coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is driving a profound change in the delivery of medical care and research conduct. The growing availability of electronic monitoring, electronic health records, smartphones and other devices and access to ever greater computational power provides not only new opportunities, but also new challenges. Artificial intelligence (AI) exemplifies the potential of this digital revolution, which also includes other tools such as mobile health (mHealth) services and wearables. Despite digital technology becoming commonplace, its use in medicine and medical research is still in its infancy, with many clinicians and researchers having limited experience with such tools in their usual practice. This article, derived from the ‘Digital Health and Artificial Intelligence’ session of the Kidney Disease Clinical Trialists virtual workshop held in September 2020, aims to illustrate the breadth of applications to which digital tools and AI can be applied in clinical medicine and research. It highlights several innovative projects incorporating digital technology that range from streamlining medical care of those with acute kidney injury to the use of AI to navigate the vast genomic and proteomic data gathered in kidney disease. Important considerations relating to any new digital health project are presented, with a view to encouraging the further evolution and refinement of these new tools in a manner that fosters collaboration and the generation of robust evidence.
Managing an acute asthma exacerbation in children
Authors: Trottier Evelyne D , Chan Kevin , Allain Dominic , Chauvin-Kimoff Laurel 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Children and youth with acute asthma exacerbations frequently present to an emergency department with signs of respiratory distress. The most severe episodes are potentially life-threatening. Effective treatment depends on the accurate and rapid assessment of disease severity at presentation. This statement addresses the assessment, management, and disposition of paediatric patients with a known diagnosis of asthma who present with an acute asthma exacerbation. Guidance includes the assessment of asthma severity, treatment considerations, proper discharge planning, follow-up, and prescription for inhaled corticosteroids to prevent exacerbation and decrease chronic morbidity.
Towards resolution of a paradox in plant G-protein signaling
Authors: Ghusinga Khem Raj , Elston Timothy C , Jones Alan M 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
G-proteins are molecular on–off switches that are involved in transmitting a variety of extracellular signals to their intracellular targets. In animal and yeast systems, the switch property is encoded through nucleotides: a GDP-bound state is the “off-state” and the GTP-bound state is the “on-state”. The G-protein cycle consists of the switch turning on through nucleotide exchange facilitated by a G-protein coupled receptor and the switch turning off through hydrolysis of GTP back to GDP, facilitated by a protein designated REGULATOR OF G SIGNALING 1 (RGS). In plants, G-protein signaling dramatically differs from that in animals and yeast. Despite stringent conservation of the nucleotide binding and catalytic structures over the 1.6 billion years that separate the evolution of plants and animals, genetic and biochemical data indicate that nucleotide exchange is less critical for this switch to operate in plants. Also, the loss of the single RGS protein in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) confers unexpectedly weaker phenotypes consistent with a diminished role for the G cycle, at least under static conditions. However, under dynamic conditions, genetic ablation of RGS in Arabidopsis results in a strong phenotype. We explore explanations to this conundrum by formulating a mathematical model that takes into account the accruing evidence for the indispensable role of phosphorylation in G-protein signaling in plants and that the G-protein cycle is needed to process dynamic signal inputs. We speculate that the plant G-protein cycle and its attendant components evolved to process dynamic signals through signaling modulation rather than through on–off, switch-like regulation of signaling. This so-called change detection may impart greater fitness for plants due to their sessility in a dynamic light, temperature, and pest environment.
Single-particle decomposition of nuclear surface diffuseness
Authors: Horiuchi Wataru 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Nuclear surface diffuseness reflects spectroscopic information near the Fermi level. I propose a way to decompose the surface diffuseness into single-particle (s.p.) contributions in a quantitative manner. Systematic behavior of the surface diffuseness of neutron-rich even–even O, Ca, Ni, Sn, and Pb isotopes is analyzed with a phenomenological mean-field approach. The role of the s.p. wave functions near the Fermi level is explored: The nodeless s.p. orbits form a sharp nuclear surface, while the nodal s.p. orbits contribute to diffusing the nuclear surface.
Performance of an emulsion telescope for gamma-ray observations in the GRAINE2018 balloon-borne experiment
Authors: Nakamura Yuya , Aoki Shigeki , Iyono Atsushi , Karasuno Ayaka , Kodama Kohichi , Komatani Ryosuke , Komatsu Masahiro , Komiyama Masahiro , Kuretsubo Kenji , Marushima Toshitsugu , Matsuda Syota , Morishima Kunihiro , Morishita Misaki , Naganawa Naotaka , Nakamura Mitsuhiro , Nakamura Motoya , Nakamura Takafumi , Nakano Noboru , Nakano Toshiyuki , Nishio Akira , Oda Miyuki , Rokujo Hiroki , Sato Osamu , Sugimura Kou , Suzuki Atsumu , Takahashi Satoru , Torii Mayu , Yamamoto Saya , Yoshimoto Masahiro 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The Gamma-Ray Astro-Imager with Nuclear Emulsion (GRAINE) project is aimed at the precise observation of astronomical gamma-ray sources in the energy range of 10 MeV–100 GeV using a balloon-borne telescope utilizing a nuclear emulsion, which can help realize precise imaging with high angular resolution (1.0○ at 100 MeV), polarization sensitivity, and large aperture area (10 m2). In 2018, the third balloon experiment was carried out as a demonstration of the detection of the brightest known astronomical gamma-ray source, the Vela pulsar, with an aperture area of 0.38 m2. In these data, some gamma rays were produced by the π0 → 2γ decay, which was caused by the hadronic interactions of cosmic rays in the detector. These could be used to calibrate the reconstructed angle, energy, and so on. In this study, we establish a method of searching for hadronic interactions and concomitant gamma rays with high statistics and purity. Our analysis indicates that the performance of our detector for gamma rays is as expected in wide incidence angle and energy ranges. We plan to commence scientific observations using the proposed system with the verified high angular resolution and largest aperture area in 2022 or later.
Condensates, massive gauge fields, and confinement in the SU(3) gauge theory
Authors: Sawayanagi Hirohumi 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
SU(3) gauge theory in the nonlinear gauge of the Curci–Ferrari type is studied. In the low-energy region, ghost condensation and subsequent gauge field condensation can happen. The latter condensation makes classical gauge fields massive. If the color electric potential with a string is chosen as the classical gauge field, it produces the static potential with the linear potential. We apply this static potential to the three-quark system, and show, differently from the Y-type potential, that infrared divergence remains in the Δ-type potential. The color electric flux is also studied, showing that a current which plays the role of the magnetic current appears
P023 Impact of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis on schooling and family life
Authors: Miri Sirine , Triki Wafa , Maatallah Kaouther , Ferjani Hanene , Ben Nessib Dorra , Kaffel Dhia , Hamdi Wafa 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) and its related symptoms have been associated with interference in the daily life of children and adolescents with JIA including their friendships, their school attendance and sometimes their family life. The aim of the study was to describe the impact of JIA on schooling, social and family life from the point of view of children.

Methods
We interviewed 23 children and adolescents, diagnosed with JIA according to the classification criteria of the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR).

Results
The mean age of our group was 16 years, with a sex ratio of 3. Eight percent of the children were in elementary school, 21.7% in high school and 8.7% in university. Eighty-seven per cent reported school absenteeism due to JIA (pain, being hospitalized,) with a mean of 8 missed school days. Forty-three per cent failed in their schooling at some point. Thirty percent thought it was related to the consequences of their disease. Only 47.8% found the school staff to be helpful and supportive. Seventy eight percent felt understood and supported by their family in dealing with the different aspects of JIA. Twenty-six per cent felt more spoiled than their other siblings, creating tension sometimes. Fifty two percent felt different and not accepted by their peers because of the JIA.

Conclusions
Children with JIA are already suffering from the physical aspect of their disease. Initiating an open discussion with them might reduce the burden these children are carrying often in silence, and improve long-term outcomes in terms of schooling, social and, family life.
P026 Efficacy and safety of Etanercept for the treatment of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Okka Kamelia , Belghazi M , Dehimi A , Benarab Z , Bouabdallah S , Bioud B 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Etanercept (ETN) is the first anti-TNF to have obtained FDA approval in 1999 for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) refractory to methotrexate. Currently, the indications of ETN cover the polyarticular JIA, the extended oligoarticular, and enthesitis-related arthritis. To assess the efficacy of Etanercept, as well as its tolerance in JIA.

Material and methods
We carried out a retrospective study of children with JIA according to the criteria of the ILAR classification and treated with Etanercept at the pediatric center of the CHU de Sétif since 2015.
Nineteen children were included and considered to 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, 5 years on the criteria epidemiology, the efficiency criteria (joint Scores, uveitis, ESR, CHAQ), and the occurrence possible side effects.
We defined the improvement of 30% (ACR 30), 50% (ACR 50), 70% (ACR 70), 90% (ACR 90), and 100% (ACR 100) as the improvement of minus 3 criteria out of 6 of 30%, 50%, 70%, 90%, 100%; patients must not have a worsening of &gt; 30% of any of the 6 criteria.

Results
The epidemiological features were the following: 12 girls and 7 boys, 10 present polyarticular form, 6 present oligoarticular form, 2 cases with psoriatic arthritis, and a single case of enthesitis-related arthritis. ACR 30 is obtained in 75%, 84%, 88% of cases at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year, respectively. The strongest responses were obtained in polyarticular, oligoarticular, and enthesitis-related arthritis. Complete remission was maintained in the majority of patients for varied durations depending on the follow-up. Furthermore, no clinical or biological adverse effects were noted.

Conclusion
The Etanercept has been dramatically effective in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, especially in the polyarticular subtype, oligoarticular, and enthesitis-related arthritis. Its overall tolerance is very good.
P027 Assessment of physical activity in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Ben Ouahma B , Triki W , Maatallah K , Ferjani H , Ben Nessib D , Kaffel D , Hamdi W 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatic disease in childhood, grouping together different diseases characterized by arthritis of unknown origin with onset before age of 16 years. JIA may cause functional impairment and a limited exercise capacity thus a reduced time engaged in physical activity. The aim of the study was to describe participation in physical activity among children with JIA.

Methods
We conducted a descriptive retrospective study including 23 patients with JIA according to the classification criteria of the International League of Associations for Rheumatology ILAR. Demographic data were collected. All patients answered a questionnaire referring to physical activity.

Results
The mean age of our patients was 16 years old with a sex ratio of 3. The education level was distributed as follows: 8,7% were in elementary school and 21,7% were in high school. Only 4,3% of the children were participating in high loading sports. Twenty-one per cent of the children reported spending &gt;3 h per week in physical activity during leisure time. Participation in compulsory school-educational physical activity was reported in 43,5% of the children and 26,1% reported full participation. Full exemption from school sports was reported in 46.5% of cases and it was mostly associated with functional limitations.
Exercise therapy was prescribed in 26.1% of patients and it was mainly swimming. The impact of physical activity on symptoms was divided into 43,5% of the children who reported an aggravation, 8,7% who reported an improvement and 34,8% who didn't report any change.

Conclusion
Physical activity in childhood is important to acquire knowledge and behavioral skills in order to maintain an active lifestyle. A special attention to children with JIA is required in order to promote their full potential of social interaction and improve long-term outcome.
P052 Juvenile dermatomyositis, a multi-faceted disease
Authors: Okka Kamelia , Belghazi M , Dehimi A , Benarab Z , Bouabdallah S , Bioud B 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Dermatomyositis is a rare disease. In children, the incidence is 2–3 per million habitants. It is a serious disease whose mortality is &lt; 5% but whose complications and long-term prognosis remain pejorative for some children. The objective is to report the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic options and the course of a retrospective series carried out at the CHU pediatric center of Sétif (Algeria) comprising 8 cases of juvenile dermatomyositis.

Methods
The mean age of onset is 7.7 years (0–15.5 years), The sex ratio was 0.1; The diagnosis delay averaged at 4, 4 months. At disease onset, 100% had rash, 84% a eyelids telangiectasias, 40% Gottron nodules, 90% muscular weakness, 40% arthritis, 13% fever, and 25% dysphagia. The muscular enzymes were increased in 8 cases. The DNA antibodies were present in one patient with myositis overlap, NXP was positive in one child. The electromyogram is myogenic in all patients. Seven patients underwent a histopathological exam, showing interstitial and parenchymal myositis. Treatment regimens were variable depending on the severity of the disease onset. All children were treated with steroids as the first line. Methotrexate was prescribed in 5 cases (62.5%). The immunoglobulin was indicated in 2 cases. The failure to thrive was observed in 2 (25%), and one child died following aspiration pneumonia.

Results
The dermatomyositis diagnosis is based on the Bohan and Peter criteria. The clinical characteristics of our series are in line with the literature data with a predominance of cutaneous and muscular involvement. However, some specificities are individualized: a case of overlapping myositis with lupus, a case of extensive calcinosis. The treatment was based on corticosteroids and methotrexate.

Conclusion
Dermatomyositis juvenile is a rare disease with a pejorative prognosis requiring a multidisciplinary management.