bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment Options of First-Line Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Subsequent Systemic Chemotherapy Agents for Advanced EGFR Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients: Implications From Taiwan Cancer Registry Cohort
Authors: Liang Sheng-Kai , Keng Li-Ta , Chang Chia-Hao , Wen Yueh-Feng , Lee Meng-Rui , Yang Ching-Yao , Wang Jann-Yuan , Ko Jen-Chung , Shih Jin-Yuan , Yu Chong-Jen 
Published: January 2021

ObjectivesLarge-scale, population-based real-world studies on the treatment outcomes of first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and subsequent systemic chemotherapy agents for lung adenocarcinoma (with activating epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR] mutations) remain limited.Materials and MethodsFrom March 2014 to December 2016, patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma, identified from the Taiwan Cancer Registry were included in this study if they received any of the three TKIs as first-line treatment. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). The secondary outcome was time-to-treatment discontinuation (TTD).ResultsA total of 4,889 patients (median age: 67 years and two-thirds with distant metastasis) were recruited (1,778 gefitinib, 1,599 erlotinib, and 1,512 afatinib users). A 1:1 propensity score (PS)-matched cohorts of 1,228 afatinib/erlotinib and 1054 afatinib/gefitinib was created. After PS matching, it was found that afatinib was not associated with better OS (afatinib vs. erlotinib, HR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.86–1.07; afatinib vs. gefitinib, HR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.81–1.02). In the subgroup analysis, afatinib demonstrated a survival benefit in patients with active smoking (afatinib vs. erlotinib, HR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.51–0.93; afatinib vs. gefitinib, HR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.48–0.94) and ECOG &gt; 1 (afatinib vs. erlotinib, HR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.63–0.99; afatinib vs. gefitinib, HR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.62–0.98). A total of 41.1% (n = 1992) of first-line TKI users received subsequent chemotherapy. Among the three TKI groups, pemetrexed usage was associated with better OS compared with other chemotherapy agents, with the exception of gemcitabine in the afatinib and gefitinib groups. Pemetrexed and gemcitabine had the longest TTD of 3–4 months.ConclusionsAmong patients with EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma, afatinib use may not provide longer OS compared with first-generation TKIs. Afatinib may be preferably considered among patients with active smoking and should not be withheld among those with worse performance status. With 40% of patients receiving subsequent chemotherapy, pemetrexed may be the preferred agent, while gemcitabine can be a reasonable alternative.
Estimating Individualized Absolute Risk for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Population-Based Study in High-Risk Areas of China
Authors: Shen Yi , Xie Shuanghua , Zhao Lei , Song Guohui , Shao Yi , Hao Changqing , Niu Chen , Ruan Xiaoli , Zang Zhaoping , Nakyeyune Rena , Liu Fen , Wei Wenqiang 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has a high incidence rate and poor prognosis. In this study, we aimed to develop a predictive model to estimate the individualized 5-year absolute risk for ESCC in Chinese populations living in the high-risk areas of China.MethodsWe developed a risk-predicting model based on the epidemiologic data from a population-based case-control study including 244 newly diagnosed ESCC patients and 1,220 healthy controls. Initially, we included easy-to-obtain risk factors to construct the model using the multivariable logistic regression analysis. The area under the ROC curves (AUC) with cross-validation methods was used to evaluate the performance of the model. Combined with local age- and sex-specific ESCC incidence and mortality rates, the model was then used to estimate the absolute risk of developing ESCC within 5 years.ResultsA relative risk model was established that included eight factors: age, sex, tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, education, and dietary habits (intake of hot food, intake of pickled/salted food, and intake of fresh fruit). The relative risk model had good discrimination [AUC, 0.785; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.749–0.821]. The estimated 5-year absolute risk of ESCC for individuals varied widely, from 0.0003% to 19.72% in the studied population, depending on the exposure to risk factors.ConclusionsOur model based on readily identifiable risk factors showed good discriminative accuracy and strong robustness. And it could be applied to identify individuals with a higher risk of developing ESCC in the Chinese population, who might benefit from further targeted screening to prevent esophageal cancer.
Efficacy of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Angiography in Preventing Anastomotic Leakage After McKeown Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy
Authors: Luo Rao-Jun , Zhu Zi-Yi , He Zheng-Fu , Xu Yong , Wang Yun-Zheng , Chen Ping 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundIndocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography (FA) was introduced to provide real-time intraoperative evaluation of the vascular perfusion of the gastric conduit during esophagectomy. However, its efficacy has not yet been proven. The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of ICG-FA in the reduction of the rates of anastomotic leakage (AL) in McKeown minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE).MethodsFrom June 2017 to December 2019, patients aged between 18 and 80 years with esophageal carcinoma were enrolled in the study and each patient underwent McKeown MIE. Patients were divided into two groups, those with or without ICG-FA. The patient demographics and perioperative outcomes were comparable between the two groups. The primary outcome was the rate of AL.ResultsA total of 192 patients were included: 86 in the ICG-FA group and 106 in the non-ICG-FA group. Overall, 12 patients (6.3%) had AL; the rate of AL was 10.4% in the non-ICG-FA group, which was significantly higher than the 1.2% in the ICG-FA group.ConclusionsICG-FA has the potential to reduce the rate of AL in McKeown MIE.
Long-Term Follow-Up and Optimization of Interleukin-1 Inhibitors in the Management of Monogenic Autoinflammatory Diseases: Real-Life Data from the JIR Cohort
Authors: Hentgen Véronique , Koné-Paut Isabelle , Belot Alexandre , Galeotti Caroline , Grateau Gilles , Carbasse Aurelia , Pagnier Anne , Pillet Pascal , Delord Marc , Hofer Michael , Georgin-Lavialle Sophie 
Published: January 2021

Objectives: The major role of interleukin (IL)-1 in the pathogenesis of hereditary recurrent fever syndromes favored the employment of targeted therapies modulating IL-1 signaling. However the best use of IL1 inhibitors in terms of dosage is difficult to define at present.Methods: In order to better understand the use of IL1 inhibitors in a real-life setting, our study assessed the dosage regimens of French patients with one of the four main hereditary recurrent fever syndromes (Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), TNF receptor associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS), cryopyrin associated periodic fever (CAPS) and mevalonate kinase deficiency). The patients were retrieved retrospectively from the JIR cohort, an international platform gathering data of patients with pediatric inflammatory diseases.Results: Forty five patients of the JIR cohort with a hereditary recurrent fever syndrome had received at least once an IL1 inhibitor (anakinra or canakinumab). Of these, 43% received a lower dosage than the one suggested in the product recommendations, regardless of the type of the IL1 inhibitor. Especially patients with FMF and TRAPS seemed to need lower treatment regimens; in our cohort none of the FMF or TRAPS patients received an intensified dose of IL-inhibitor. On-demand treatment with a short half-life IL-1 inhibitor has also been used successfully for some patients with one of these two conditions The standard dose was given to 42% of the patients; whereas an intensified dose of IL-1 inhibitors was given to 15% of the patients (44% of CAPS patients and 17% of mevalonate kinase deficiency patients). In our cohort each individual patient’s need for treatment seemed highly variable, ranging from on demand treatment regimens to intensified dosage maintenance therapies depending on the activity and the severity of the underlying disease.Conclusion: IL-1 inhibitors are a good treatment option for patients with a hereditary recurrent fever syndrome, but the individual need of the dosage of IL-1 inhibitors to control the disease effectively seems highly variable. Severity, activity but also the type of the underlying disease, belong to the parameters underpinning the treat-to-target strategy implemented in an everyday life practice.
Loneliness, Emotion Dysregulation, and Internalizing Symptoms During Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Velotti Patrizia , Rogier Guyonne , Beomonte Zobel Sara , Castellano Rosetta , Tambelli Renata 
Published: January 2021

Background: Our study aimed to test the hypotheses that an increased level of loneliness experienced during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) confinement was predictive of internalizing symptoms and that this pathway was mediated by emotion dysregulation levels.Methods: To reach this aim, we performed an online longitudinal survey recruiting 1,330 participants at Time 1 (at the beginning of the lockdown) and 308 participants at Time 2 (few days before the end of the lockdown). All filled out a set of questionnaires: demographic data, University of California, Los Angeles Loneliness scale, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale−18 items, and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale−21 items. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling in two steps and controlling for age. First, hypotheses were tested on cross-sectional data. Then, a cross-lagged panel analysis was performed on longitudinal data.Results: Models obtained a good fit and evidenced the predictive role of loneliness levels on the three outcomes (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress). Moreover, we found that emotion dysregulation levels partially mediated the longitudinal relationship between loneliness and both depression and stress but not between loneliness and anxiety levels.Conclusions: This study points out that a central goal of clinical intervention could be the ability to regulate negative emotional states.
Neighborhood Environment and Objectively Measured Sedentary Behavior Among Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Chang Shao-Hsi , Rutherford Ru , Hsueh Ming-Chun , Yu Yi-Chien , Park Jong-Hwan , Wang Sendo , Liao Yung 
Published: January 2021

Background: We examined the relationships between objectively assessed neighborhood environment and the patterns of sedentary behavior among older adults.Methods: A total of 126 community-dwelling older adults (aged 65 years or above) were recruited. Data on neighborhood environmental attributes (resident density, street intersection density, sidewalk availability, accessible destinations, and accessible public transportation), accelerometer-assessed total time and patterns of sedentary behavior (number and duration of bouts), and sociodemographic characteristics were collected. Multiple linear regression models were developed.Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, greater sidewalk availability was negatively related to the number of sedentary bouts (β = −0.185; 95% CI: −0.362, 0.015; p = 0.034) and sedentary bout duration (β = −0.180; 95% CI: −0.354, −0.011; p = 0.037).Conclusions: This study revealed that a favorable neighborhood environment characterized by sidewalk availability is negatively associated with sedentary behavior patterns in Taiwanese older adults. These findings are critical to inform environmental policy initiatives to prevent sedentary lifestyle in older adults.
Association of Night Sleep Duration and Ideal Cardiovascular Health in Rural China: The Henan Rural Cohort Study
Authors: Wu Xueyan , Liu Xiaotian , Liao Wei , Kang Ning , Sang Shengxiang , Abdulai Tanko , Zhai Zhihan , Wang Chongjian , Wang Xiaoqiong , Li Yuqian 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: We aimed to explore the association between night sleep duration and ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) among Chinese rural population.Methods: In all, 35,094 participants were included from the Henan Rural Cohort study. Information on sleep was collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The ICH scores were evaluated. The associations between night sleep duration and ICH were examined using both linear regression and logistic regression models.Results: The mean night sleep duration for all participants was 7.75 ± 1.28 h. Compared with those with night sleep duration of 7 to &lt;9 h by using linear regression model, a significant decrease in ICH scores was observed for participants with shorter [−0.077 (−0.131, −0.024)] and longer [−0.079 (−0.121, −0.036)] night sleep duration. Compared with 7 to &lt;9 h, longer sleep duration [0.919 (0.851, 0.992)] were associated with decreased odds of ideal CVH.Conclusions: Shorter and longer night sleep duration are negatively associated with ICH among rural population. This suggests that it may be beneficial to include night sleep duration assessment in cardiovascular risk screening.
Electrical Properties of Membrane Phospholipids in Langmuir Monolayers
Authors: Chachaj-Brekiesz Anna , Kobierski Jan , Wnętrzak Anita , Dynarowicz-Latka Patrycja 
Published: January 2021

Experimental surface pressure (π) and electric surface potential (ΔV) isotherms were measured for membrane lipids, including the following phosphatidylcholines (PCs)—1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC); 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC); 1,2-diarachidoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DAPC); and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC). In addition, other phospholipids, such as phosphatidylethanolamines (represented by 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DPPE)) and sphingolipids (represented by N-(hexadecanoyl)-sphing-4-enine-1-phosphocholine (SM)) were also studied. The experimental apparent dipole moments (μAexp) of the abovementioned lipids were determined using the Helmholtz equation. The particular contributions to the apparent dipole moments of the investigated molecules connected with their polar (μ⊥p) and apolar parts (μ⊥a) were theoretically calculated for geometrically optimized systems. Using a three-layer capacitor model, introducing the group’s apparent dipole moments (calculated herein) and adopting values from other papers to account for the reorientation of water molecules (μ⊥w/εw), as well as the for the local dielectric permittivity in the vicinity of the polar (εp) and apolar (εa) groups, the apparent dipole moments of the investigated molecules were calculated (μAcalc). Since the comparison of the two values (experimental and calculated) resulted in large discrepancies, we developed a new methodology that correlates the results from density functional theory (DFT) molecular modeling with experimentally determined values using multiple linear regression. From the fitted model, the following contributions to the apparent dipole moments were determined: μ⊥w/εw=−1.8±1.4 D; εp=10.2±7.0 and εa=0.95±0.52). Local dielectric permittivity in the vicinity of apolar groups (εa) is much lower compared to that in the vicinity of polar moieties (εp), which is in line with the tendency observed by other authors studying simple molecules with small polar groups. A much higher value for the contributions from the reorientation of water molecules (μ⊥w/εw) has been interpreted as resulting from bulky and strongly hydrated polar groups of phospholipids.
Стратегічні пріоритети позиціонування та розвитку Національної академії державного управління при Президентові України
Authors: Karamyshev D. V.  
Published: January 2021

Представлено стратегічні пріоритети позиціонування та розвитку Національної академії державного управління при Президентові України як головного закладу вищої освіти в системі підготовки та підвищення кваліфікації фахівців у галузі знань «Публічне управління та адміністрування». Зокрема, наголошується на тому, що стратегічне управління розвитком Академії передбачає інтегрування всіх наявних ресурсних можливостей щодо її розвитку відповідно до визначених цілей, забезпечення конкурентоздатності та відповідності запитам суспільства і стейкхолдерів, що має бути реалізовано завдяки визначенню конкретних заходів та використанню чітких інструментів і засобів реалізації згідно з пріоритетними стратегічними напрямами діяльності.
Наголошується на високій особливій місії Академії, яка полягає у забезпеченні держави високопрофесійними кадрами, інноваційними підходами до підготовки нової генерації управлінців, які будуть працювати в принципово нових умовах Індустрії знань 4.0. Підкреслюється, що, зважаючи на статус Академії, її інтегрованість у публічно-управлінські процеси, вона має виконувати консолідуючу роль у фаховому обговоренні важливих, іноді навіть суперечливих проблемних питань, пов’язаних із необхідними змінами в державі і суспільстві.
Виходячи з цього, запропоновано десять стратегічних пріоритетів позиціонування та розвитку Академії, зокрема: здійснення фахового супроводу реформ та президентських ініціатив; модернізація професійної підготовки публічних управлінців; забезпечення безперервного циклу підготовки публічних управлінців; сприяння професіоналізації державної служби; здійснення проектно-командного співробітництва та навчання професіоналів; цифрової трансформації та розвитку; управління якістю; результативності та ефективності діяльності; міжнародної комунікативної спроможності та інтернаціоналізації; розвитку ресурсного потенціалу.
Sadd Al-Dzari'ah Sebagai Hukum Islam
Authors: Kawakib Kawakib , Syuhud Hafidz , Yusuf Yusuf 
Published: January 2021

Fiqh merupakan hukum produk hasil ijtihad para ulamā sehingga menghasilkan hukum yang sesuai dengan tujuan syariat Islam untuk kemaslahatan umat manusia yang semakin berkembang seiring dengan situasi dan kondisi perubahan zaman. Para Ulamā dituntut untuk selalu peka terhadap problematika sosial di masyarakat. Akan tetapi, perbedaan latar sisial-kultural para fuqaha' menyebabkan perbedaan pendapat. Perbedaan tersebut tentunya menimbulkan konsekuwensi dalam pembentukan hukum Islam. sebagaimana perbedaan tersebut adalah tentang kehujjahan Sadd al-Dzarî’ah antara Ibnu al-Qayyim dan Ibnu Hazm.
Ibnu al-Qayyim memandang bahwa konsep sadd al-dzarî’ah sebagai hujjah dalam Hukum Islam selain itu, Ibnu al-Qayyim selalu memberi memotivasi selalu berijtihad, karena pintu ijtihad tidak ditutup dan mengecam kepada orang yang melakukan taklid. Berpikiran rasional diutamakan agar tidak terpaku kepada teks. Dengan pemikiran ini beliau lebih longgar dalam menetapkan dasar-dasar hukum meskipun tidak ada nash yang secara rinci mengakui kehujjahan sadd al-dzarî’ah.
Berbeda dengan Ibnu Hazm bahwa selama tidak ditemukan nash yang merubah ketentuan hukumnya sehingga kehujjahan sadd al-dzarî’ah tidak bisa diterima. Dengan demikian,Perbedaan pendapat ini berimplikasi kepada beberapa kasus yang tidak sama ketentuan hukumnya antara Ibnu al-Qayyim dan Ibnu Hazm. Contoh; jual beli secara tempo lalu si penjual membeli lagi barang tersebut secara kontan dengan harga yang lebih murah. Dalam masalah ini, jika di dekati dengan sadd al-dzarî’ah, maka transaksi ini haram karena praktek jual beli ini berorientasi untuk melakukan praktek riba yang diharamkan. Sedangkan menurut Ibnu Hazm, jual beli ini tidak dilarang karena sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan syara'.
SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF BRAIN AND OTHER CNS CANCERS INCIDENCE IN IRAQ DURING 2000-2015
Authors: Muzahem Mohammed AL-Hashimi  , Ahmed Naziyah Alkhateeb  
Published: January 2021

Brain and other CNS cancers have evidenced increase in Iraq over the study period (2000-2015). Spatial variation of brain and CNS cancers in Iraq at the district level has not been explored. This study aimed to explore the spatial patterns of the Age-Standardized Incidence Rates (ASIRs) of brain and CNS cancers throughout Iraq (except Kurdish region) during 2000-2015 using spatial autocorrelation analyses. Data were obtained from the Iraqi Cancer Registry. The ASIRs were calculated according to geographical region (provinces and districts) for each period (2000-2004, 2005- 2009, and 2010-2015). spatial statistical tools were employed to evaluate hotspots, cold spots, spatial clustering and outliers for each period. Results showed a spatial correlation with hotspots, cold spots, and detecting spatial outliers. This study identified 7 districts as high-risk areas for brain and CNS cancers during 2010-2015, including Al-Sadir, Al-Kadhimiyah, Adhamia, Al-Karkh, Al-Rissafa, and Al-Madain districts in Baghdad province) and southern region (Abu-Al-Khaseeb district in Al-Basrah provinces, and we have evidenced an increase of brain and CNS cancers incidence rates during 2010-2015. The government efforts should focus on those regions, and the factors related to the spatial pattern of the brain and CNS cancers incidence in Iraq should be investigated.
FEASIBILITY AND OUTCOMES OF AUTOGENIC RELAXATION TRAINING IN ADDITION TO USUAL PHYSIOTHERAPY FOR STROKE SURVIVORS – A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Thazhakkattu Vasu Deepak , Mohd Nordin Nor Azlin , See Xiao Xu  , Ghazali Shazli Ezzat , Abu Zarim Siti Norfadilah 
Published: January 2021

A significant percentage of stroke survivors are reported to have anxiety and depression. Autogenic Relaxation Training (ART), a psychophysiological self-control therapy which aims to induce relaxation proved to be effective in reducing the anxiety and depression in some health conditions. However, there is lack of studies which evaluated the effects of ART in the rehabilitation of stroke survivors. The aim of this experimental pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of ART in addition to usual physiotherapy for stroke survivors. A total of 14 sub-acute stroke survivors from a teaching hospital were enrolled in this study. All participants received 20 minutes ART followed by 40 minutes usual physiotherapy once a week and they were requested to carry out the intervention at home for twice per week, for six weeks. Intervention outcomes were assessed using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A and HADS-D), Barthel Index (BI), Timed Up and Go (TUG) and EuroQol 5-Dimension 5 Levels (EQ5D5L). Changes in all outcome measures were analysed using paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test, with level of significance set at p<0.05. Post-intervention, there is statistically significant reduction of the HADS-A (p=0.04), HADS-D (p=0.02), TUG (p=0.004) and EQ5D5L (p=0.03) scores of the participants. Although not statistically significant, the mean score ± SD of BI increased from 95 ± 12.5 to 100 ± 6.25. The intervention is feasible and acceptable by the stroke survivors with no adverse events reported. In conclusion, ART in addition to usual physiotherapy is feasible and beneficial in reducing anxiety and depression, and improving functional ability, mobility and quality of life among stroke survivors.