bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DE LA DELIMITACIÓN DE LAS DEMARCACIONES HIDROGRÁFICAS: ERRORES Y CONTRADICCCIONES
Authors: GALLEGO CÓRCOLES MARÍA ISABEL 
Published: September 2021

La transposición de la Directiva Marco de Aguas a Derecho español
se está realizando con notable retraso. Y en este punto, resulta sorprendente que
siendo el principio de gestión por cuencas tradicional en Derecho español, ya la mera
delimitación de los ámbitos de planificación esté suponiendo graves dificultades.
En realidad, tras estas dificultades lo que se esconde una acumulación de contradicciones
internas en el reparto de poder entre el Estado y Comunidades Autónomas
en el ámbito de la gestión hidrológica. Ante la incapacidad de aplicar de forma coherente
el Texto Refundido de la Ley de Aguas, están surgiendo una serie de soluciones
heterogéneas, algunas de las cuales de difícil encaje constitucional, que entorpecen
una gestión sostenible del recurso tanto social como ambientalmente.
Espainiako Zuzenbidea Uraren Zuzentarau Markora egokitzeko
prozesua asko ari da atzeratzen. Espainiako Zuzenbidean arroen araberako kudeaketa-
irizpideak badu tradiziorik; hori horrela izanik, harrigarria dirudi plangintza-
eremuak mugatzeak horrelako zailtasun larriak ematea.
Zailtasun horien atzean, ordea, Estatuaren eta autonomia erkidegoen arteko botere-
banaketaren arteko barne-kontraesanak daude, uraren kudeaketari dagokionez.
Uren Legearen Testu Bategina koherentziaz aplikatu ezin denez, zenbait konponbide
heterogeneo ari dira sortzen; horietako batzuek, ordea, nekez izango dute tokirik
Konstituzioan, uraren kudeaketa jasangarriari traba egiten baitiote, bai ingurumenaren
aldetik, bai gizartearen ikuspegia aintzat hartuta.
Spain has not complied with the timetable established in the Water
Framework Directive. Difficulties have started with the establishment of river basin
districts. And this is surprising, because, according to the Spanish model, water
management must be done in the natural framework of river basins.
Furthermore, in fact, these difficulties what is left is an accumulation of internal
contradictions in the distribution of power between the State and Autonomous Regions
in the field of water management. Given the inability to consistently apply the
Water Law, heterogeneous solutions are emerging, some of which doubtfully constitutional,
that hinder the sustainable resource management both socially and environmentally.
ڕۆلێ كوردا د ئاڤاكرنا دام وده‌زگه‌هێت خێرخازى و زانستیدا ل وه‌لاتێ حیجازێ د چه‌رخێن (6-9مش/12-15ز)
Authors: Kh. Hamid Zemar , H. Abosh Farhad 
Published: September 2021

د ڤێ ڤه‌كه‌لینێدا به‌حسێ ڕۆلێ كوردا د ئاڤاكرنا دام وده‌زگه‌هێت خێرخازى و زانستیدا ل وه‌لاتێ حیجازێ د چه‌رخێن(6-9مش/12-15ز) ڕۆلێ وان یى گرنگ د چالاكرنا بزاڤا ئاڤاكرنیدا بده‌ینه‌ دیاركرن .
ئه‌ف ڤه‌كولینه‌ ژ دوو پشكا پێك دهێت ، پشكا ئیكێ گریداى ڕۆلێ ده‌ستهه‌لاتدارێت كورد ژ سولتان و میر و شاها د ئاڤاكرنا دام و ده‌زگه‌هێت خێرخازى و زانستیدا دڤى ماوه‌یدا هژمره‌كا هه‌را زورا ده‌ستهه‌لادارێت كورد ل جیهانا ئیسلامى ا زور كاریت ئاڤاكرنى ل حیجازێ كرین و ب تایبه‌ت ل حه‌ره‌مێن پیروز. پشكا دووێ، تایبه‌ته‌ ب ڕۆلێ كه‌سانێت نورمال كورد وه‌كو خودان پوست و پله‌ێت بلند ژ مینا وه‌زیر و دادوه‌ر و بازرگان و ئاكنجیت كورد ل حیجازێ د ئاڤاكرنا دام و ده‌زگه‌هێت خیرخازى و زانستیدا .
د ڤه‌كولیندا ئه‌م شیان بگه‌هین چه‌ندین ئه‌نجاما ژ گرنگترین وان: ده‌ستهه‌لاتدارێن ئه‌یوبی ژ سولتان و میرو شاها رۆله‌كى مه‌زن دبینن د ئاڤاكرن و نیژه‌نكرنا مزگه‌فت و قوتابخانا و ریباتا و كولان و پاقژ كرنا بیر و كانیت ئاڤێ و چێكرنا جهێن بهێن ڤه‌دانى وه‌كو خانا ل سه‌ر رێكێت حه‌جاجا زێده‌بارى چاككرنا رێكیت حه‌جاجا.
Hiv Testing in Secondary Care: A Multicentre Longitudinal Mixed Methods Electronic Survey of Non-Hiv Specialist Hospital Physicians in South-East Scotland and Northern England
Authors: Bulteel Naomi , Henderson Naomi , Parris Victoria , Capstick Richard , Premchand Nikhil , Hunter Ewan , Perry Meghan 
Published: September 2021

Background Increasing the uptake of HIV testing in people who may have undiagnosed HIV is essential to reduce the morbidity associated with late HIV diagnosis. Methods We conducted a multicentre, longitudinal, mixed-methods study, surveying the attitudes, knowledge and practice of non-HIV specialist hospital physicians in South-East Scotland and North-East England with respect to HIV testing. Results We found that although awareness of indications for HIV testing had improved over time, only 13% of clinicians recognised all of the surveyed HIV indicator conditions. Physicians were better at recognising the indicator conditions relevant to their specialty. The perception of working with a low-risk patient population was the most frequently cited barrier to offering an HIV test. Only a third of study respondents had requested more than 10 HIV tests in the preceding year. Conclusions Our study supports a need for targeted and sustained educational initiatives to increase rates of HIV testing in secondary care.
Connecting and Connectivity: Providing Video Consulting in Care Homes in Wales
Authors: Johns Gemma , Khalil Sara , Williams Jess , Lees Morgan , Hockey Lynne , Ogonovsky Mike , Ahuja Alka 
Published: September 2021

Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, care home residents and staff were identified as being at risk of infection. Their safety was important, but equally important was safe delivery of healthcare to those who needed it. The Welsh Government provided care homes with video consulting (VC) to deliver safe healthcare to the vulnerable, combat isolation and protect the residents and staff. Methods To understand the use, value, benefits and challenges of using VC in care homes across Wales, telephone interviews were conducted between September and November 2020. Results From 101 interviews, findings suggest that while care homes are responsive to VC, there is a need for further awareness, better training and support for care home staff. Conclusions Interestingly, issues around connectivity, lack of equipment and technical literacy were highlighted as minimal barriers. VC should be encouraged as a long-term service to support the health and wellbeing of care home staff and residents.
Translation, hospitality and conflict: Language mediators as an activist community of practice across the Mediterranean
Authors: Taronna Annarita 
Published: September 2021

This article reports on a research project that involved conducting interviews with a group of language mediators who assisted the newlyarrived migrants in Southern Italy by not only interpreting for them, but also advising and helping the “boat people” to claim and negotiate their rights in the hosting country. Interview questions addressed a range of urgent issues, many of which demonstrate how the practice of language mediation is particularly relevant in today’s context of migration emergency. Indeed, it profoundly shapes how we think about terms such as language, negotiation, contact, conflict, hospitality and community, and how we consider the roles of the mediators in building effective cross-border solidarity networks in real time. However, the interview answers do not provide an idealistic and idealized vision of welcoming the other. Rather, they outline a geography of proximity marked by the ancient hospes–hostis dichotomy that connotes the complexity, the ambiguity, the uncertainty, the unpredictability and the contingency characteristic of relations with the other.
Planificación y estructuración del proceso educativo virtual con base en el Diseño Instruccional
Authors: Lizarro Guzmán Nora 
Published: September 2021

Los avances de la ciencia y la tecnología contribuyen al desarrollo educativo con la aparición de la educación virtual como una alternativa académica para las instituciones de educación superior, y como una oportunidad para miles de personas que trabajan y que necesitan una formación constante, a través de las plataformas educativas. No obstante, existe la problemática en diversas universidades respecto a la exigencia de dominio pedagógico en educación virtual, capacidades tecnológicas para manejo de la plataformas virtuales y habilidades para la producción de materiales multimedia, entre otros.
El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo compilar información en la literatura científica sobre la planificación y estructuración de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje virtuales, aplicando el Diseño Instruccional. Como resultado se rescató, de forma estructurada, la metodología para llevar a la práctica la educación virtual, partiendo del modelo académico centrado en el estudiante, aplicado en el entorno virtual de aprendizaje, considerando los elementos del aula virtual.
Además, se ha considerado la integración del Diseño Instruccional en la planificación, organización, estructuración y digitalización de los contenidos de la asignatura módulo, tomando en cuenta sus principios y fases. Igualmente, se ha considerado la determinación de ciertas funciones del docente virtual según la secuencia didáctica de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje que se constituyan en piezas básicas para el planteamiento de actividades pertinentes mediante el uso de herramientas simples y complejas que otorguen oportunidades de enriquecer el proceso de aprendizaje.
Art as the Commentary of Life
Authors: Sadaf Mushtaq Nasti  
Published: September 2021

Literature has always been a mighty weapon in bringing reality to surface. It is the reflection of mirror in the form of print that actually ushers to forefront the reality of life. The main aim of art is to revolutionize the world in general and society in particular. “Art for the Sake of Life” generally refers to the notion that art makes us understand the conduct of everyday life. Although art encompasses literature yet it is more than that because it deals with every aspect of our life. It is the way to justify the grim realities of life while beautifying them. As a famous writer James Baldwin accords that “one can’t write a line without a message”. Art is a way of expressing oneself. Many people use it to express boundless emotions and thoughts, from turbulence to euphoria to bewilderment that everyone has within the heart, mind and soul. The authors have discovered an escape through art to seek meaning via truth, not just for the sake of art, but for the sake of life. Writers tweak the image of specific challenges so that a reader can see them through the same lens. George Bernard Shaw also avows that “For art’s sake alone I would not face the toil of writing a single sentence”. So, an artist should be moralist encumbered with a reforming zeal. Thus “Art for the sake of life” is a maxim that should be applied to all art; art with style, sophistication, pathos, and psychological resonance. It is not thus for the art’s sake rather it is for the life’s sake or social sake. Art is a medicine or elixir of pain which makes life bearable. The main aim of this paper is to showcase how art in general as well as in particular is only for life’s sake and not for art’s sake. Art thus has a cosmic phenomenon with a universal impact.
Association of vitamin B12 deficiency with metformin use in patients with type 2 diabetes treated in the largest tertiary care hospital in Qatar
Authors: Yousef Khan Fahmi , Yousif Abdelmonem B. , Suliman Aasir , Saleh Ahmed Osman , Magdi Mohamed , Alshurafa Awni , Abdelmoneim Hassan Ebtihal , Ghazy Ahmed , Salameh Omar K. , Abdallah Ahmed 
Published: September 2021

Background: Data on the effect of metformin on serum vitamin B12 (VitB12) level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Qatar are limited; therefore, we aimed to assess the prevalence of VitB12 deficiency and its related factors among patients with T2DM treated with metformin at Hamad General Hospital in Doha, Qatar, from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2017.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study involved patients with T2DM aged ≥ 18 years who used metformin for at least 3 months. The serum VitB12 was quantified on a chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay analyzer using Cobas e 801 module, Roche, and VitB12 deficiency was defined as serum VitB12 level of ≤ 145 pmol/L. All data were obtained from the patients’ electronic medical records.
Results: The study recruited 3124 eligible patients with T2DM. The overall prevalence of metformin-associated VitB12 deficiency was 30.7% [95% confidence of interval, 0.290–0.323]. A significant difference exists in the median VitB12 levels between the VitB12-normal and VitB12-deficient groups [129 vs. 286; p < 0.001]. Compared with the VitB12-normal group, the VitB12-deficient group had higher mean body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001) and consumed higher doses of metformin (p = 0.001). They also more often used sulfonylurea (p = 0.004), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (p < 0.001), thiazolidinediones (p < 0.001), glucagon-like peptide 1 [GLP-1] receptor agonists (p < 0.001), alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (p < 0.001), and H2 blocker/proton pump inhibitors [PPI] (p < 0.001) than the VitB12-normal group. Moreover, the VitB12-normal group consumed more calcium supplements (p < 0.001) than the VitB12-deficient group. In the multivariate analysis, independent risk factors for metformin-associated VitB12 deficiency in patients with T2DM include high daily dose of metformin >2000 mg, male gender, high BMI, smoking, sulfonylurea, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, H2 blockers/PPI, low fasting blood glucose, and low hemoglobin.
Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of VitB12 deficiency in patients with T2DM taking metformin and a significant negative correlation between the daily dose of metformin and serum VitB12 level. Therefore, regular screening for serum VitB12 is necessary in patients with T2DM on metformin treatment, especially those who have the abovementioned risk factors.
Role of endoscopic ultrasound elastography in differential diagnosis of pancreatic solid masses
Authors: Almasri Bashar , Ali Ayman 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) elastography is another technique that measures the stiffness of tissue and adds more diagnostic value to EUS.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the ability of qualitative and quantitative EUS elastography in differentiating malignant from benign solid pancreatic masses.
Methods: This 2-year cross-sectional study enrolled 80 patients with solid pancreatic masses in the department of endoscopy in Alassad University Hospital who underwent conventional and elastography-assisted EUS and then followed for pathology through EUS-guided or CT-guided biopsy or surgery.
Results: Qualitative elastography using a 5-point scoring system was able to recognize malignant pathology (obtained by EUS-guided biopsy, CT-guided biopsy, or surgery) with a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy rates of 100%, 28.6%, and 81.3%, respectively. A quantitative method using hue histogram had a sensitivity of 71.2%–86.4% and specificity of 71.4%–81% with the best accuracy for histogram mean ratio (area under the curve, 0.867).
Conclusion: EUS elastography is a simple and good alternative method in differentiating malignant from benign pancreatic solid masses.
& Público Sénior
Authors: Daré Ana Cristina 
Published: September 2021

A importância da luz para todos os seres vivos e para o homem em particular é revelada pelo fato de que os indivíduos estão preparados para funcionar corretamente durante o dia. A importância da luz ultrapassa os limites do pensamento e da imaginação. É impossível conceber a atividade do homem sem essa forma de energia, não sendo, também, viável definir os seres vivos na ausência de luz.A população mundial tem sofrido uma evolução, desde o final do séc. XX, com o crescimento dos indivíduos idosos.Neste artigo apresentamos uma análise crítica sobre qualidade da luz nos espaços interiores, através do reconhecimento de parâmetros que proporcionem uma melhor vivência e promova a interação entre os indivíduos idosos e o espaço construído.Reconhecer o significado da luz e o impacto que promove no círculo circadiano deve ser considerado nos projetos de design de iluminação, com uma visão abrangente sobre a relação entre a iluminação e o envelhecimento, com o foco centrado em quem vivencia o espaço, privilegiando o conforto, bem-estar e segurança.
Providing evidence in Early Modern Bologna
Authors: Biffis Mattia 
Published: September 2021

This article provides a scientific introduction to the papers that are collected in the first section of Acta, originating from a workshop on "The Art of Truth: Providing Evidence in Early Modern Bologna" organized at the Norwegian Institute in Rome in October 2019.

On cover:ANNIBALE CARRACCI (BOLOGNA 1560 - ROME 1609), An Allegory of Truth and Time c. 1584-1585.Oil on canvas | 130,0 x 169,6 cm. (support, canvas/panel/str external) | RCIN 404770Royal Collection Trust / © Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II 2021.
Millennium Development Goals and Catholic Social Teaching: Ongoing Responsibility and Response
Authors: O'Sullivan James 
Published: September 2021

This paper begins by making a case for the congruence between core ideals of Catholic Social Teaching (CST) and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which aim to confront global poverty in a multifaceted approach and were entered into by a vast majority of the international community at the beginning of this millennium. Then the paper goes on to argue that given the current danger of falling short of the Goals’ 2015 deadline and because the MDGs so clearly forward key aspects of CST, the Catholic Bishops and the Vatican need to redouble efforts to increase the commitment of both developed and developing nations. Finally, the author concludes that failing to do so is morally unacceptable.
Suffering Our Way to Salvation: Ivone Gebara, Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza, and the Adequacy of the Cross as a Symbol for Women
Authors: Chapman Amy 
Published: September 2021

This article explores the theologies of the cross and salvation put forth by Brazilian liberation theologian Ivone Gebara and American theologian Elizabeth Schüssler Fiorenza. Both scholars depart from a traditional Anselmian theology of the cross and salvation, holding that for some women Anselm’s understanding is insufficient. Both theologians claim that within Anselm’s theology of the cross and salvation is the understanding that suffering is necessary for salvation. Wishing to dispute that, Gebara examines the lived experiences of women while Schüssler Fiorenza focuses on references from scripture. Both women arrive at the conclusion that the cross proves to be an inadequate symbol for salvation for some women, and Schüssler Fiorenza provides the empty tomb as an alternative symbol.
The Consciousness and Human Knowledge of Christ According to Lonergan and Balthasar
Authors: Pidel S.J. Aaron 
Published: September 2021

Bernard Lonergan and Hans Urs von Balthasar both gave considerable attention to the consciousness and human knowledge of Christ. In their respective treatments of this topic, both theologians evince common tendencies. Both are at pains to develop a model of Christ’s human consciousness that 1) avoids the impression of psychological dualism, 2) acknowledges Christ to be a unique comprehensor (beholder) of the divine nature, and yet 3) shows Christ to be a true viator (wayfarer), learning and discerning in a genuinely human fashion. Lonergan does this through his model of “ineffable knowledge,” and Balthasar through “mission consciousness.” On the face of it, they seem to disagree as to whether Christ possessed the so-called visio beata (beatific vision)—with Lonergan answering affirmatively and Balthasar answering negatively. Nonetheless, because they understand the meaning of this attribution differently, it seems likely they are divided more at the level of verbal formulation than at the level of conceptual judgment. Both consciousness Christologies prove convergent and complementary.
Thoughts on the Experience of God in the Theology of Karl Rahner: Gifts and Implications
Authors: Steinmetz Mary 
Published: September 2021

This paper explores the concept of encounter with God in the writings of Karl Rahner and its relevance for academic study and spiritual practice today. Because Rahner addresses the experience of Ultimate Mystery in a variety of ways, through academic writings, prayers and short articles, examples are taken from the breadth of this legacy. Particular attention is given to the possible applications of his understanding of the experience of God for Christians today and consideration of the potential of his ideas for addressing the academic theology/spirituality split as well as the deep longing for tangible experience in the lives of many Christians. Rahner’s value for feminist theology is also addressed.
Novel Gram‐Scale Synthesis of Carbon Nano‐Onions from Heavy Oil for Supercapacitors
Authors: Lei Jie , Liu Jing , Tang Ningning , Han Haibo , Li Zhi , Li Kang , Zhai Teng , Chen Hui , Xia Hui 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCarbon nano‐onions (CNOs), recognized as multilayered fullerenes, display superior electrical conductivity (comparable with carbon black) and large surface area due to the highly defective sp2 carbon shells, making it a promising member of carbon nanomaterials for energy applications. However, the lack of efficient synthesis of CNOs in large‐scale production (gram quantities) has impeded their range of commercial applications. Herein, for the first time, it is demonstrated that the gram‐scale synthesis of CNOs is developed by simply annealing pitch‐coated petroleum coke for supercapacitors. Significantly, the CNOs with diameters of ≈5–30 nm and abundant micropores deliver outstanding specific capacitance of 312 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 and retain 251 F g−1 at 20 A g−1. Moreover, the corresponding synthesis mechanism is proposed to gain a clear insight into the formation of CNOs from heavy‐oil‐based carbon precursors. This work provides a practical pathway to synthesize CNOs on a large scale.
Large Resistive Switching and Artificial Synaptic Behaviors in Layered Cs3Sb2I9 Lead‐Free Perovskite Memory Devices
Authors: Paramanik Subham , Maiti Abhishek , Chatterjee Soumyo , Pal Amlan J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOrganometal halide perovskites have recently attracted significant attention as switching materials for resistive random‐access memory (ReRAM) applications. However, the susceptibility of conventional 3D hybrid halide perovskites to ambient condition has so far remained a deterrent. The promise of a lead‐free and layered inorganic halide perovskite, Cs3Sb2I9, in designing efficient ReRAM and artificial synaptic devices is herein demonstrated. The memristive devices exhibit a reproducible bipolar resistive‐switching with a large on/off ratio of ≈104, an excellent retention over 104 s, and a remarkable environmental sturdiness. As per available literature, the ratio is one of the highest in electroforming‐free ReRAM devices based on halide perovskites. Moreover, owing to an intrinsic electronic–ionic coupling and a strong light–matter interaction in the perovskite, the ReRAM devices show promises toward realization of phototunable memories and artificial synaptic devices with capabilities of concurrent processing and learning. This work hence emphasizes the prospect of layered Cs3Sb2I9 perovskite thin‐films toward designing of next‐generation high‐performance nonvolatile memory devices.