bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategies to manage cognitive dissonance when experiencing resistiveness to care in people living with dementia: A qualitative study
Authors: Mortensen Anne Helene , Stojiljkovic Marko , Lillekroken Daniela 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimsTo explore the experiences of healthcare personnel when they face resistiveness to care in people living with dementia in nursing homes.DesignThe study has a qualitative explorative design.MethodsThree focus group interviews were conducted in June 2019. A total of 16 nurses and other healthcare personnel employed in three different nursing homes participated. A semi‐structured interview guide was used during the focus group interviews. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using an inductive qualitative content analysis.ResultsThe analysis generated one overarching category—‘Tension when facing resistiveness to care’, which describes the discomfort healthcare personnel experienced when confronted with resistiveness to care in people with dementia—and two other categories: ‘Attitude change’ and ‘Changing behaviour’, which describes their strategies to reduce and/or manage the discomfort. Four subcategories—‘Changing the mindset’, Conceptual shift’, Stepping back’ and ‘Not giving up’—described the actions taken by healthcare personnel to manage or reduce their cognitive dissonance.ConclusionThe strategies used to manage or reduce cognitive dissonance provide a new understanding of how healthcare personnel choose to approach resistiveness to care in people living with dementia.ImpactThis study addresses cognitive dissonance, a discomfort experienced by healthcare personnel when facing resistiveness to care from people living with dementia. To reduce their dissonance, the participants employed several strategies, including coercive measures, when providing care. The theory of cognitive dissonance may help explain why healthcare personnel sometimes choose to employ coercive measures while providing care.
Understanding embodied immersion in technology‐enabled embodied learning environments
Authors: Xu Xinhao , Kang Jina , Yan Lili 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this current paper is to investigate the salient embodiment features in the empirical studies on technology‐enabled embodied learning environments (TEELEs), and to contribute a comprehensive conceptual framework to direct the understanding and the designing of TEELEs – to embody and how to embody.MethodIn this thematic paper, we carefully selected and reviewed 28 empirical studies (peer‐reviewed journal articles published in the recent decade between 2010 and 2020) on TEELEs, and analyzed their salient features concerning embodiment.Results and ImplicationsSynthesizing the characteristics distilled from the selected studies, we propose the conceptual framework of embodied immersion, which consists of three major dimensions, namely, physical, sensory, and cognitive immersions. Eight factors – means of embodiment, amount of motoric movements, point of view, media effects, haptic effects, operational congruency, learning congruency, and personalization – contribute to these three dimensions, and are carefully articulated, discussed, and explicated. The discussions around the embodied immersion framework are rooted in the concepts of presence, immersion, and agency. We regard our framework as a trinity borrowing the ingredients from each of those three that will guide through the understanding and the designing of TEELEs.
Enhancing learning engagement during COVID‐19 pandemic: Self‐efficacy in time management, technology use, and online learning environments
Authors: Heo Heeok , Bonk Curtis J. , Doo Min Young 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundDue to the global COVID‐19 pandemic, online learning became the only way to learn during this unprecedented crisis. This study began with a simple but vital question: What factors influenced the success of online learning during the COVID‐19 pandemic with a focus on online learning self‐efficacy?ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine the structural relationship among self‐efficacy (SE) in time management, SE in technology use, SE in an online learning environment, and learning engagement.MethodsThe participants of the study were 1205 undergraduates who were enrolled in a residential undergraduate program in South Korea in spring semester, 2020. The online survey was administered to collect data for this research and the survey results were analyzed using structural equation modeling.Results and ConclusionsSE in technology use had a significant but negative influence on learning engagement and had a positive impact on SE in an online learning environment. SE in time management had a significant positive impact on SE in an online learning environment and learning engagement. SE in an online learning environment also significantly influenced learning engagement.ImplicationsSE in technology use itself did not enhance learning engagement. In addition, indirect effects of SE in technology use and SE in time management on learning engagement through SE in an online learning environment were confirmed in this study. This indicates the influential role of SE in an online learning environment on learning engagement of online learners.
Autistic spectrum traits detection and early screening: A machine learning based eye movement study
Authors: Lin Yiqi , Gu Yating , Xu Yekai , Hou Shumeng , Ding Ruyi , Ni Shiguang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractProblemAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) are pervasive neurodevelopmental disorders and generally accompanied by social disorders, verbal or nonverbal communication defects, inability to concentrate and other negative symptoms that affect the autistic person's normal life. However, traditional screening methods are time‐consuming and public health resources are limited.MethodsThis study proposed a novel technique that combined eye‐movement data and machine learning algorithms for predicting autistic traits. We converted raw eye movement data into features, trained and tested a model for early screening.FindingsIn the preliminary experiment, 107 participants (average age = 24.84 ± 5.24 years) wore HTC Vive to watch a VR scene for 15–20 s. We explored eight classification models, among which the ensemble model performed best, with 0.73 accuracy, 0.68 precision, 0.81 recall, 0.74 F1‐score, and an area under the curve of 0.90. And in the test experiment, 22 participants (average age = 12.68 ± 7.61 years) diagnosed as ASD took the experiment and the ensemble model showed a recall of 0.77. Eye movement data is an effectively distinguishable tool and we find that the proportion of time to observe figure and animal region continuously can distinguish participants with obvious and unobvious autistic traits effectively in the model.ConclusionThis study focuses on the detection of autistic traits, and proposes a more objective and faster method for undertaking early screening, which provides possibilities to save precious time to intervene and alleviate its symptoms before making a definite diagnosis.
Heat transfer modeling of shrimp in tunnel type individual quick freezing system
Authors: Narsaiah Kairam , Bedi Vansh , Ghodki Bhupendra M , Goswami Tridib Kumar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCryogenic freezers are commonly used for quick freezing of high‐value food products at a lower temperature. These freezers offer improved overall product quality and reduced dehydration and drip losses. An accurate prediction of heat transfer during the food freezing process is useful in deciding proper production, design, handling procedure, and amount of cryogen required. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used for numerical modeling of heat transfer phenomena in a freezing system during individual quick freezing (IQF) of shrimp. The residence time of shrimp in the developed IQF tunnel freezer was determined using modified Plank's equation and verified by experimentations. Modeling was done in two zones of the freezer: (i) Precooling zone containing cold liquid nitrogen (LN2) vapors that were utilized for precooling of incoming shrimp and (ii) freezing zone where LN2 was sprayed on shrimp before exiting freezer. Simulations of heat transfer in shrimp were performed using the Ansys CFD software at seven different locations of the IQF tunnel freezer. Results revealed that the core temperature of shrimp decreased from 304.5 K to 263 K as it passes through the freezer. In general, as compared to other segments of shrimp, core temperature of shrimp was the highest while the top portion was minimal. Dynamics of velocity distribution, thermal profile, and spray modeling results of cryogen in the freezer supported simulation model of shrimp. Overall, numerical modeling results are consistent (≤5% variation) with experimental values.Practical ApplicationsThe cryogenic freezer is widely preferred to obtain a superior quality of frozen food products owing to minimal defects (cracking and break down), drip loss, and freezing time compared to traditional mechanical freezers. The inefficient utilization of cryogen and handling issues results in a higher cost of food products frozen with IQF technology. Thus, an insight into heat transfer phenomena in cryogenic freezers may lead to improvement in the design, efficient utilization of cryogen, reduction of freezing time, and improvement in overall product quality. In conclusion, these would aid in reducing the cost of the technology.
Packaging environmental impact on seafood supply chains: A review of life cycle assessment studies
Authors: Almeida Cheila , Loubet Philippe , da Costa Tamíris Pacheco , Quinteiro Paula , Laso Jara , Baptista de Sousa David , Cooney Ronan , Mellett Sinead , Sonnemann Guido , Rodríguez Carlos José , Rowan Neil , Clifford Eoghan , Ruiz‐Salmón Israel , Margallo María , Aldaco Rubén , Nunes Maria Leonor , Dias Ana Cláudia , Marques António 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPackaging is fundamental for food preservation and transportation but generates an environmental burden from its production and end‐of‐life management. This review evaluates packaging contribution to the environmental performance of seafood products. Life cycle assessment (LCA) studies were evaluated by both qualitative and quantitative analysis. The qualitative analysis assessed how direct (e.g., packaging material) and indirect impacts (e.g., influence on seafood loss and waste) have been considered, while the quantitative analysis evaluated packaging contribution to products’ weight and climate change impact. Qualitative analysis revealed that seafood LCAs focus mainly on direct environmental impacts arising from packaging materials, for which some articles conducted sensitivity analysis to assess materials substitution. Recycling was found to be the most common recommendation to diminish direct potential environmental impacts arising from packaging end‐of‐life. However, standardized recovery rates and other end‐of‐life options (e.g., reuse), should be considered. Quantitative analysis revealed that cans' production contributes significantly to the overall climate change impact for canned products. On average, it contributes to 42% of a product's climate change impact and 27% of a product's weight. Packaging has a lower contribution when considering freezing, chilling, and other post‐harvesting processing. It represents on average less than 5% of a product's climate change impact (less than 1 kg CO2 eq/kg) and 6% of a product's weight. Packaging material production is more relevant to aluminum, tinplate, and glass than for plastic and paper. Therefore, it is essential to accurately include these materials and their associated processes in inventories to improve the environmental assessment of seafood products.
A world panorama of bruxism in children and adolescents with emphasis on associated sleep features: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Ribeiro‐Lages Mariana Batista , Jural Lucas Alves , Magno Marcela Baraúna , Vicente‐Gomila José , Ferreira Daniele Masterson , Fonseca‐Gonçalves Andréa , Maia Lucianne Cople 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesTo present a world panorama of the published papers on bruxism in children and adolescents, emphasising the characteristics of studies related to the sleep features of these patients.MethodsLiterature searches were conducted in six databases without language or date restrictions. Data on the titles, types of study, main subjects, countries of origin, keywords, years of publication, authors and their network collaborations, journals and sleep studies were extracted and analysed using VantagePoint™ software.ResultsA total of 725 studies met the eligibility criteria. Most included only children (75.31%), with observational design (66.34%), and risk or aetiology (53.93%) as the main subject. Brazil (18.06%) and Brazilian authors (54.84%) had the largest number of studies, with a low amount of network collaboration. The Journal of Oral Rehabilitation published most of the studies (6.2%); publications in this field have grown considerably from 2000 to 2020. Of the studies, 123 (16.96%) included sleep studies; night sweating, restless sleep, sleep talking, mouth breathing, snoring, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome, sleep‐disordered breathing, nightmares, poor sleep quality and duration, and daytime naps were significantly associated with bruxism in most.ConclusionStudies on bruxism in children and adolescents have increased in the past 20 years, with most being observational, and risk or aetiology as the main subject. Brazil and the Journal of Oral Rehabilitation have published most in the field. Sleep studies have shown some features associated with bruxism, such as night sweating, restless sleep, somniloquy, snoring, breathing problems, nightmares, daytime naps, and poor sleep quality and duration.
Interruption of regular dental visits during the COVID‐19 pandemic due to concerns regarding dental visits was associated with periodontitis in Japanese office workers
Authors: Iwasaki Masanori , Usui Michihiko , Ariyoshi Wataru , Nakashima Keisuke , Nagai‐Yoshioka Yoshie , Inoue Maki , Kobayashi Kaoru , Nishihara Tatsuji 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the interrelationships among concerns regarding dental visits, the status of regular dental visits, and periodontal health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic.BackgroundContinuous oral health care and regular dental visits are important for maintaining periodontal health. Due to the possibility of contracting COVID‐19, individuals have been reluctant to visit medical institutions. It is unclear how the periodontal health of the Japanese population has been affected by the interruption of regular dental visits during the COVID‐19 pandemic and how concerns regarding dental visits have affected attendance at regular dental visits.MethodsThis study included 199 Japanese office workers in one municipal office at Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan (average age = 42.6 years; age range = 19–77 years; 123 men and 76 women). Periodontitis was defined based on a full‐mouth periodontal examination. The status of regular dental visits during the COVID‐19 pandemic and concerns regarding dental visits were obtained via questionnaire. We tested the hypothesis that concerns regarding dental visits would indirectly affect periodontal health through the interruption of regular dental visits during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We used mediation analysis, in which concerns regarding dental visits (present or absent) were set as the exposure, periodontitis (present or absent) was set as the outcome, and the status of regular dental visits (continued during the COVID‐19 pandemic or not) was set as the mediator.ResultsOf the 199 study participants, 108 had a habit of attending regular dental visits. Of these, 31 (28.7%) discontinued regular dental visits during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Compared to the individuals who continued regular dental visits, those who discontinued regular dental visits had a higher prevalence of periodontitis (49.4% vs 77.4%, p < 0.05) and concerns regarding dental visits (22.1% vs 64.5%, p < 0.05). Discontinuing regular dental visits significantly mediated the association between concerns regarding dental visits and periodontitis (natural indirect effect: odds ratio = 1.68, 95% confidence interval = 1.02–2.79, proportion mediated = 64.3%).ConclusionThe study results showed that individuals who discontinued regular dental visits during the COVID‐19 pandemic due to concerns regarding dental visits had relatively poor periodontal health.
Diagnostic utility of canine cerebrospinal fluid preserved by 10% buffered formalin
Authors: Montañes Sancho I. , Adamantos S. , Holmes A. 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesTo examine the diagnostic utility of canine cerebrospinal fluid samples collected into tubes containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) with and without the addition of 10% buffered formalin analysed within 6 to 20 hours.Materials and MethodsInclusion criteria were dogs presenting to a referral hospital with neurological signs and having cerebrospinal fluid analysis performed. Samples were submitted to an external laboratory in tubes containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as paired‐samples; one with the addition of one drop of 10% buffered formalin and the other without formalin. Cytology report, total nucleated cell counts, and protein concentration were reviewed. Three different categories of cell preservation were defined: diagnostic, non‐diagnostic and unclassified. Each sample was included in one of these categories depending on cytological features, and the diagnostic quality between samples was compared. Samples were further divided in two groups depending on protein concentration using 50 mg/dL as cut‐off value and the diagnostic quality between samples was compared.Results254 samples from 127 dogs were included. 47% of samples without formalin were non‐diagnostic, 46% diagnostic and 6% unclassified. In the formalin group, 2% samples were non‐diagnostic, 92% diagnostic and 6% unclassified. Samples with formalin preservation were statistically more likely to be diagnostic than samples without formalin preservation. In both protein groups (≥50 and <50 mg/dL) formalin samples were statistically more likely to be diagnostic as well.Clinical SignificanceThe addition of one drop of 10% formalin is a simple, widely available method which can help to improve the accuracy of cytological assessment in canine cerebrospinal fluid by preserving cellular morphology when analysis is performed within 6 to 20 hours.
Technical considerations in Hi‐C scaffolding and evaluation of chromosome‐scale genome assemblies
Authors: Yamaguchi Kazuaki , Kadota Mitsutaka , Nishimura Osamu , Ohishi Yuta , Naito Yuki , Kuraku Shigehiro 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe recent development of ecological studies has been fueled by the introduction of massive information based on chromosome‐scale genome sequences, even for species for which genetic linkage is not accessible. This was enabled mainly by the application of Hi‐C, a method for genome‐wide chromosome conformation capture that was originally developed for investigating the long‐range interaction of chromatins. Performing genomic scaffolding using Hi‐C data is highly resource‐demanding and employs elaborate laboratory steps for sample preparation. It starts with building a primary genome sequence assembly as an input, which is followed by computation for genome scaffolding using Hi‐C data, requiring careful validation. This article presents technical considerations for obtaining optimal Hi‐C scaffolding results and provides a test case of its application to a reptile species, the Madagascar ground gecko (Paroedura picta). Among the metrics that are frequently used for evaluating scaffolding results, we investigate the validity of the completeness assessment of chromosome‐scale genome assemblies using single‐copy reference orthologues.
Widening how we see the impact of culture on learning, practice and identity development in clinical environments
Authors: Sheehan Dale , Wilkinson Tim J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAs part of this State of the Science series on Self, Society and Situation, we focus on how we might see the situation of the workplace as a learning environment in the future. Research to date into how health professionals learn while working in clinical workplace environments has mostly focused on the supervisor‐trainee relationship or on the interaction between the affordances of a workplace and the receptiveness of trainees. However, the wider environment has not received as much focus—though frequently mentioned, it is seldom investigated.We suggest there is a need to embrace the wider institution factors, recognise and acknowledge an organisation's values and culture as they impact on clinical learning in order to work with these, not around them or ignore them, to make what may be tacit visible through reflection and observation and to embrace a range of perspectives on culture.
Trust, power and learning in workplace‐based assessment: The trainee perspective
Authors: Castanelli Damian J. , Weller Jennifer M. , Molloy Elizabeth , Bearman Margaret 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFor trainees to participate meaningfully in workplace‐based assessment (WBA), they must have trust in their assessor. However, the trainee's dependent position complicates such trust. Understanding how power and trust influence WBAs may help us make them more effective learning opportunities. We conducted semi‐structured interviews with 17 postgraduate anaesthesia trainees across Australia and New Zealand. Sensitised by notions of power, we used constructivist grounded theory methodology to examine trainees' experiences with trusting their supervisors in WBAs. In our trainee accounts, we found that supervisors held significant power to mediate access to learning opportunities and influence trainee progress in training. All episodes where supervisors could observe trainees, from simply working together to formal WBAs, were seen to generate assessment information with potential consequences. In response, trainees actively acquiesced to a deferential role, which helped them access desirable expertise and minimise the risk of reputational harm. Trainees granted trust based on how they anticipated a supervisor would use the power inherent in their role. Trainees learned to ration exposure of their authentic practice to supervisors in proportion to their trust in them. Trainees were more trusting and open to learning when supervisors used their power for the trainee's benefit and avoided WBAs with supervisors they perceived as less trustworthy. If assessment for learning is to flourish, then the trainee–supervisor power dynamic must evolve. Enhancing supervisor behaviour through reflection and professional development to better reward trainee trust would invite more trainee participation in assessment for learning. Modifying the assessment system design to nudge the power balance towards the trainee may also help. Modifications could include designated formative and summative assessments or empowering trainees to select which assessments count towards progress decisions. Attending to power and trust in WBA may stimulate progress towards the previously aspirational goal of assessment for learning in the workplace.