bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONTROVÉRSIAS E PRODUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO SOBRE MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS DO CAMPO NO BRASIL
Authors: Pinheiro Joaquim Pinho 
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho destaca a relevância da investigação sobre controvérsias para a compreensão da produção e circulação do conhecimento científico. O objetivo é analisar como controvérsias científicas são permeadas por fatores extracientíficos que influenciam a validação e a circulação dos resultados de pesquisas pela comunidade acadêmica. O trabalho foi realizado pela reconstrução de controvérsias a partir da identificação de temas geradores e de diferentes participantes que convergiram ou divergiram em posições e argumentos. O corpus de pesquisa foi constituído de artigos científicos, capítulos de livros, artigos de jornais e revista de grande circulação que publicizaram as controvérsias. O estudo aponta que, por meio do estudo de controvérsias, é possível compreender que a atividade científica pode ser afetada por fatores sociais e os pressupostos de neutralidade e objetividade perdem poder explicativo diante de negociações sociais para aceitação do conhecimento científico.
PENGARUH GENOTIP CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN DAN TINGKAT NETRALISASI ALUMINIUM TERHADAP KOMPONEN HASIL KEDELAI
Authors: Elfi Yenyy Yusuf  
Published: January 2021

Budidaya tanaman di lahan kering masam menghadapi beberapa kendala diantaranya kekeringan dan kelarutan Al3+ yang tinggi. Respon tanaman kedelai terhadap defisit air berbeda-beda tergantung pada spesies tanaman, besar dan lamanya cekaman serta fase pertumbuhan. Kelarutan Al3+ yang tinggi dalam tanah bersifat racun bagi tanaman sehingga menghambat fungsi dan pertumbuhan akar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memperoleh informasi tentang komponen hasil kedelai pada kondisi tercekam Al dan kekeringan Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 3 faktor dengan 3 ulangan, terdiri atas genotipe kedelai (SP 30-4, PG 57-1, Anjasmoro dan Tanggamus), periode kekeringan (2, 6 dan 10 hari), dan netralisasi Al (0 x Aldd dan 1 x Aldd). Perbedaan respon pertumbuhan antar genotipe terhadap cekaman Al dan kekeringan terlihat pada peubah, panjang akar, bobot kering bintil akar, dan jumlah daun
Analisis Pengaruh Realisasi Belanja Pemerintah Terhadap Penerimaan Pajak di Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan Tria Sandi , Sari Dyah Wulan , Irmawati Dyah Reni 
Published: January 2021

This study examines the effect of the realization of government spending consisting of goods expenditure, capital expenditure and employee expenditure on tax revenue in Indonesia. In this study, we use four analytical methods that consist of Granger Test, Partial Adjustment Model (PAM), Error Correction Model (ECM) and Vector Autoregression (VAR). The result shows that the realization of goods and employee expenditure are significant determinant of the tax revenue. Further examination shows that the shocks on goods and employee expenditure have a positive impacts toward tax revenue. However the shock effect are different on those variables. On the shock to goods expenditure, the tax revenue response will occur directly, in contrast to shock on employee expenditure that requires time lag. This study also find that between PAM and ECM, the ECM model is more appropriate to be used to explain the effect of government spending on tax revenue in Indonesia.
Determinan Kepatuhan Bendahara Pemerintah dalam Menyetorkan Penerimaan Pajak
Authors: Harjowiryono Marwanto 
Published: January 2021

Penerimaan pajak yang bersumber dari aktivitas belanja APBN dan belanja APBD masih dianggap belum optimal, bertolak belakang dengan jumlah pagu APBN dan APBD yang terus meningkat setiap tahun. Peran bendahara pemerintah baik pada Satuan Kerja Pemerintah Pusat maupun Pemerintah Daerah menjadi sorotan utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan Bendahara Satuan Kerja Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah dalam menyetor penerimaan pajak dengan mengacu pada Teori Atribusi Fritz Heider yang memiliki relevansi dalam menemukan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi seseorang dalam memilih suatu keputusan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuisioner terhadap Bendahara Satuan Kerja Pemerintah Pusat dan Bendahara Satuan Kerja Pemerintah Daerah lingkup 34 propinsi di Indonesia dengan menggunakan Kepatuhan Pajak Bendahara Pemerintah sebagai variabel terikat dan variabel bebas terdiri dari Pengetahuan Perpajakan, Sikap Terhadap Kewajiban Perpajakan, Kualitas Pelayanan Pajak, Kemudahan Aplikasi Pajak, Efektivitas Administrasi Perpajakan dan Sertifikasi Bendahara. Setelah melalui uji validitas dan reliabilitas kuisioner, hasil kuisioner dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara simultan dan secara parsial, seluruh variabel bebas berpengaruh terhadap Kepatuhan Pajak Bendahara Pemerintah Daerah. Program Sertifikasi Bendahara yang diperluas tidak hanya untuk Bendahara Satker Pemerintah Pusat, tetapi juga untuk Bendahara Satker Pemda dapat menjadi solusi untuk meningkatkan kualitas Bendahara Pemerintah.
Estimativa do desperdício das dietas hospitalares associado a satisfação e aceitação dos pacientes no Hospital Universitário Alcides Carneiro em Campina Grande -PB
Authors: Baía Sandra Regina Dantas , Souza Thaisa Abrantes da Silva , Gusmão Rennan Pereira de , Santos Rebeca Morais Silva , Pimentel Gabriela Mariana Cruz , Costa Rikaelly Vital , Medeiros Elis Dantas 
Published: January 2021

Vários são os impactos causados ao meio ambiente ocasionados pelos processos de produção de refeições. A pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de avaliar o desperdício dos alimentos associados a aceitação e a satisfação da dieta hospitalar dos pacientes internos do Hospital Universitário em Campina Grande-PB. Trata-se de um estudo transversal quantitativo, onde foi aplicado o sistema de pesagem antes e após a refeição e posteriormente foi aplicado um questionário referente a satisfação das dietas oferecidas aos internos. Destacamos a opção de muito satisfeitos para os atributos: sabor 33,98%; aparência 33%; cor 35,92%; textura 33,98%; temperatura 46,60%; forma de distribuição 51,45%; recipiente servido 53,39% e quantidade servida 41,74%. Embora o estudo apresente uma boa satisfação na dieta ofertada, ainda assim há um desperdício com um valor de 30%, o que ultrapassa o limite aceitável de 20% para coletividade enferma, demonstrando um consumo reduzido de ingestão de energia e proteína pelo paciente, ocasionando um duplo aumento no risco de morte durante uma internação hospitalar. Em relação aos dois gêneros constatamos que o gênero masculino apresentou um menor desperdício (27,88%) em relação ao gênero feminino (32,79%). Corroborar a importância de ações educativas com intuito de amenizar esses desperdícios alimentares e evitar desnutrição nos pacientes, custos hospitalares e impactos ao meio ambiente, realizando trimestralmente uma pesquisa de satisfação com os pacientes; expor em murais a quantidade de desperdício diária dos alimentos; e doar os alimentos excedentes a pessoas com risco alimentar e nutricional, apoiado na Lei 14016 de 23 de junho de 2020.
Associations Between Morning Salivary and Blood Cortisol Concentrations in Individuals With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Imani Mohammad Moslem , Sadeghi Masoud , Khazaie Habibolah , Sanjabi Arezoo , Brand Serge , Brühl Annette , Sadeghi Bahmani Dena 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundObstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) may be associated with an increase in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis activity (HPA AA). We reviewed research comparing morning salivary and blood (serum and plasma) cortisol concentrations of individuals with OSAS to those of healthy controls.MethodsWe made a systematic search without any restrictions of the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for relevant articles published up to August 25, 2019.ResultsSixteen studies were analyzed in this meta-analysis; five studies compared morning salivary concentrations, five compared serum concentrations, four compared plasma cortisol concentrations, and two compared both salivary and plasma concentrations. In pediatric samples, compared to healthy controls, those with OSAS had significantly lower saliva morning cortisol concentrations (MD = -0.13 µg/dl; 95% CI: 0.21, -0.04;P= 0.003). In contrast, no significant differences were observed for serum cortisol concentrations, plasma cortisol concentrations, or salivary morning cortisol concentrations between adults with and without OSAS (p= 0.61,p= 0.17,p= 0.17).ConclusionCortisol concentrations did not differ between adults with OSAS and healthy controls. In contrast, morning salivary cortisol concentrations were lower in children with OSAS, compared to healthy controls. Given that a reduced HPA AA is observed among individuals with chronic stress, it is conceivable that children with OSAS are experiencing chronic psychophysiological stress.
CD4 Inhibits Helper T Cell Activation at Lower Affinity Threshold for Full-Length T Cell Receptors Than Single Chain Signaling Constructs
Authors: Johnson Deborah K. , Magoffin Wyatt , Myers Sheldon J. , Finnell Jordan G. , Hancock John C. , Orton Taylor S. , Persaud Stephen P. , Christensen Kenneth A. , Weber K. Scott 
Published: January 2021

CD4+ T cells are crucial for effective repression and elimination of cancer cells. Despite a paucity of CD4+ T cell receptor (TCR) clinical studies, CD4+T cells are primed to become important therapeutics as they help circumvent tumor antigen escape and guide multifactorial immune responses. However, because CD8+T cells directly kill tumor cells, most research has focused on the attributes of CD8+TCRs. Less is known about how TCR affinity and CD4 expression affect CD4+T cell activation in full length TCR (flTCR) and TCR single chain signaling (TCR-SCS) formats. Here, we generated an affinity panel of TCRs from CD4+T cells and expressed them in flTCR and three TCR-SCS formats modeled after chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) to understand the contributions of TCR-pMHCII affinity, TCR format, and coreceptor CD4 interactions on CD4+T cell activation. Strikingly, the coreceptor CD4 inhibited intermediate and high affinity TCR-construct activation by Lck-dependent and -independent mechanisms. These inhibition mechanisms had unique affinity thresholds dependent on the TCR format. Intracellular construct formats affected the tetramer staining for each TCR as well as IL-2 production. IL-2 production was promoted by increased TCR-pMHCII affinity and the flTCR format. Thus, CD4+ T cell therapy development should consider TCR affinity, CD4 expression, and construct format.
Gut Commensal-Induced IκBζ Expression in Dendritic Cells Influences the Th17 Response
Authors: Michaelis Lena , Treß Marcel , Löw Hanna-Christine , Klees Johanna , Klameth Christian , Lange Anna , Grießhammer Anne , Schäfer Andrea , Menz Sarah , Steimle Alex , Schulze-Osthoff Klaus , Frick Julia-Stefanie 
Published: January 2021

Intestinal commensal bacteria can have a large impact on the state of health and disease of the host. Regulation of Th17 cell development by gut commensals is known to contribute to their dichotomous role in promoting gut homeostasis and host defense, or development of autoimmune diseases. Yet, the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. One candidate factor contributing to Th17 differentiation, and the expression of which could be influenced by commensals is the atypical nuclear IκB protein IκBζ. IκBζ acts as a transcriptional regulator of the expression of Th17-related secondary response genes in many cell types including dendritic cells (DCs). Insights into the regulation of IκBζ in DCs could shed light on how these immune sentinel cells at the interface between commensals, innate and adaptive immune system drive an immune-tolerogenic or inflammatory Th17 cell response. In this study, the influence of two gut commensals of low (Bacteroides vulgatus) or high (Escherichia coli) immunogenicity on IκBζ expression in DCs and its downstream effects was analyzed. We observed that the amount of IκBζ expression and secretion of Th17-inducing cytokines correlated with the immunogenicity of these commensals. However, under immune-balanced conditions, E. coli also strongly induced an IκBζ-dependent secretion of anti-inflammatory IL-10, facilitating a counter-regulative Treg response as assessed in in vitro CD4+ T cell polarization assays. Yet, in an in vivo mouse model of T cell-induced colitis, prone to inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, administration of E. coli promoted an expansion of rather pro-inflammatory T helper cell subsets whereas administration of B. vulgatus resulted in the induction of protective T helper cell subsets. These findings might contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of autoimmune diseases using commensals or commensal-derived components.
Plasma TNFSF13B and TNFSF14 Function as Inflammatory Indicators of Severe Adenovirus Pneumonia in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Fan Huifeng , Lu Bingtai , Cao Can , Li Hui , Yang Diyuan , Huang Li , Ding Tao , Wu Minhao , Lu Gen 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundHuman adenoviruses (HAdV) infection caused pneumonia remains a major threat to global children health. Currently, diagnosis of severe HAdV pneumonia in children is hampered by the lack of specific biomarkers. Also, the severity of adenovirus pneumonia in pediatric patients is generally based on clinical features and existing biomarkers do not reliably correlate to clinical severity. Here, we asked whether local and systemic inflammatory mediators could act as biomarkers predicting severe HAdV pneumonia in children.MethodsTotally 37 common inflammatory protein levels were determined by Luminex assay in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from pediatric patients who were diagnosed with HAdV pneumonia, and their correlation with the disease severity and lung lesion were assessed using statistical and bioinformatic analysis.ResultsAmong 37 inflammatory cytokines, the protein levels of 4 TNF superfamily (TNFSF) members and their receptors (TNF receptor superfamily, TNFRSF) [TNFSF13B, TNFSF14, sTNF-R1 and sTNF-R2] in the plasma and 7 TNFSF/TNFRSF members [TNFSF12, TNFSF13, TNFSF13B, TNFSF14, TNFRSF8, sTNF-R1, and sTNF-R2] in the BAL were enhanced in patients with HAdV pneumonia compared with control subjects with airway foreign body. Moreover, the protein levels of all the tested TNFSF/TNFRSF members (except TNFSF12) were elevated in the BAL of severe group compared with non-severe HAdV pneumonia patients, while only TNFSF13B and TNFSF14 were dramatically increased in the plasma of severe cases, and positively related to the plasma CRP levels. In addition, ROC analysis indicated that TNFSF13B and TNFSF14 displayed a great potential to predict severe HAdV pneumonia.ConclusionIn pediatric HAdV pneumonia, TNFSF/TNFRSF members function as key molecules in local and systemic inflammatory network, and the plasma TNFSF13B and TNFSF14 may be the potential local and systemic inflammatory indicators of severe HAdV pneumonia in pediatric patients.
Treatment of Unresectable Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma With Upfront External Radiotherapy and Salvage Surgery: A STROBE-Compliant Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Carrillo José F. , Flores Jesús Manuel , Espinoza Gilberto , Vázquez-Romo Rafael , Ramírez-Ortega Margarita C. , Carrillo Liliana C. , Cortés-García Beatriz Y. , Ochoa-Carrillo Francisco J. , Oñate-Ocaña Luis F. 
Published: January 2021

IntroductionIn patients with unresectable Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), the use of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), leads mostly to palliation. Our aim is to define the role of upfront EBRT, followed or not by salvage surgery, on Progression-free survival (PFS) or Overall survival (OS) in patients with DTC.MethodsThis is a cohort study of patients with initially unresectable DTC who received EBRT. Cohort A received EBRT followed by rescue surgery and cohort B, EBRT only. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox model were employed for survival analysis.ResultsThirty-three patients were included; 69.6% females and 30.3% males. Mean age was 60.6 and mean tumor diameter was 10.4 cm; 17 and 16 patients were included in cohorts A and B, respectively. Belonging to cohort A (Hazard ratio [HR] 0.177, 95% CI 0.05–0.7) and use of intensity modulated radiotherapy (HR 0.177, 95% CI 0.03–1.08) were associated to better PFS, while high-risk histopathology (HR 6.6, 95% CI 0.9–50) and EBRT dose (HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01–1.08) were independently associated with lower PFS. Patients from cohort A (HR 0.061, 95% CI 0.01–0.3) had improved OS, while high-risk histopathology (HR 5.7, 95% CI 1.1–28.6) and EBRT dose (HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01–1.09) were independently associated to worse OS.ConclusionEBRT, and when feasible, salvage surgery, should be an integral part of the therapeutic strategy in initially unresectable DTC.
Tedizolid, Faropenem, and Moxifloxacin Combination With Potential Activity Against Nonreplicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Srivastava Shashikant , Cirrincione Kayle N. , Deshpande Devyani , Gumbo Tawanda 
Published: January 2021

Background:Mycobacteriumtuberculosis [Mtb] could be present in different metabolic population in the lung lesions, and nonreplicating persisters [NRP], associated with latent tuberculosis [TB], are the most difficult to kill.Objective: Test the combination of tedizolid, moxifloxacin, and faropenem for activity against NRP using Mtb SS18b in the hollow fiber model [HFS-TB].Methods: Tedizolid and moxifloxacin were tested as, first, two-drug combination against log-phase growth [LPG] and, second, slowly replicating bacilli [SRB] under acidic condition and with faropenem to create a three-drug combination regimen. Finally, standard regimen [isoniazid-rifampin-pyrazinamide] was used as comparator in the HFS-TB experiment with NRP Mtb. HFS-TB units were sampled for drug-concentration measurement as well as for estimation of bacterial burden using solid agar and mycobacterial growth indicator tube [MGIT] method. Linear regression was used to calculate the kill slopes with each treatment regimen and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare the regimen.Results: Tedizolid at standard dose in combination with high-dose moxifloxacin killed 3.05 log10 CFU/ml LPG Mtb and 7.37 log10 CFU/ml SRB in the bactericidal and sterilizing activity HFS-TB experiments, respectively. There was no statistical difference between tedizolid-moxifloxacin-faropenem combination and the standard regimen as both killed 7.35 log10 CFU/ml NRP Mtb in 21 days. There was no emergence of resistance to any of the drugs studied in the three HFS-TB experiments.Conclusion: The experimental regimen of tedizolid, moxifloxacin, and faropenem could effectively kill NRP population of Mtb, and given the efficacy against different metabolic population of Mtb could serve as a pan-TB regimen. Clinical studies are warranted to validate the in vitro findings.
KARAKTERISTIK PEKERJA KOMUTER PEREMPUAN YANG MENGALAMI PERJALANAN DURASI PANJANG JABODETABEK 2019
Authors: Irfan Muhammad Ali , Nooraeni Rani 
Published: January 2021

Perempuan memiliki peran yang penting baik di keluarga maupun masyarakat. Peningkatan peran perempuan dalam angkatan kerja menunjukkan semakin tingginya motivasi perempuan untuk bekerja karena pendidikan yang semakin baik. Secara umum seseorang akan meminimalkan waktu perjalanannya. Namun, 28 persen komuter di Jabodetabek menempuh perjalanan 90 menit atau lebih. Padahal, pola perjalanan perempuan relatif lebih singkat karena adanya tanggung jawab rumah tangga. Perjalanan durasi panjang yang dilakukan terus menerus dapat berakibat buruk bagi kehidupan, dan perempuan lebih berisiko terkena efeknya. Permasalahan ini perlu diteliti lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui karakteristik apa yang mendorong pekerja komuter perempuan melakukan perjalanan durasi panjang. Metode yang digunakan adalah regresi probit biner. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa tingkat pendidikan, tingkat pendapatan, moda transportasi dan status kepemilikan rumah memengaruhi secara positif perjalanan durasi panjang. Negara perlu memperhatikan kesejahteraan penduduknya tak terkecuali perempuan. Dengan penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pertimbangan solusi agar perempuan dapat melakukan perjalanan lebih singkat sehingga dampak perjalanan durasi panjang dapat diminimalkan dan tetap mampu memberikan manfaat yang maksimal untuk keluarga dan pekerjaannya.
PENERAPAN METODE ELL-COUNTERFACTUAL UNTUK PEMETAAN KEMISKINAN LEVEL KECAMATAN DAN DESA/KELURAHAN
Authors: Widyawati Dewi , Muchlisoh Siti 
Published: January 2021

Program pembangunan yang dilaksanakan pemerintah selama ini memberikan perhatian besar terhadap upaya pengentasan kemiskinan dalam rangka meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Program penanggulangan kemiskinan memerlukan pendataan yang akurat dan menjangkau sampai wilayah terkecil. Informasi mengenai indikator kemiskinan diperoleh dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) yang diselenggarakan oleh BPS. SUSENAS didesain untuk mendapatkan indikator tersebut sampai level estimasi Kabupaten/Kota, sehingga untuk mendapatkan estimasi hingga level yang lebih kecil belum memenuhi syarat kecukupan sampel. Metode Small Area Estimation (SAE) dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mendapatkan penduga indikator kemiskinan dengan mengoptimalkan data yang tersedia atau tanpa disertai dengan penambahan jumlah sampel. Penelitian ini membahas penerapan metode Elbers, Lanjouw, dan Lanjouw (ELL) yang dikombinasikan dengan metode Counterfactual untuk mendapatkan estimasi indikator kemiskinan pada level Kecamatan maupun Desa/Kelurahan di Kota Yogyakarta serta memetakannya. Data yang digunakan yaitu Sensus Penduduk (SP2010), SUSENAS (2010 dan 2018), PODES (2011 dan 2018), serta publikasi BPS lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendugaan indikator kemiskinan dengan metode ELL memiliki nilai relative standar error (RSE) yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan hasil pendugaan langsung. Dengan mendapatkan indikator kemiskinan pada level agregasi yang lebih rendah diharapkan dapat menambah kredibilitas pengambilan keputusan pemerintah dalam rangka pengentasan kemiskinan yang tepat sasaran.
A surgical cause of pseudopapilledema
Authors: Shee Wen Chua , Shee Kiang Teo , Ami Malisa , Mustapha Mushawiahti , Seng Fai Tang 
Published: January 2021

We report a case of vitreopapillary traction mimicking optic disc swelling in a 73-year-old female with pseudophakia in the left eye and satisfactory postoperative vision of 6/6 and N5 two years prior. She presented with insidious onset of blurred vision in her left eye for two months. She was referred to Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) for further investigations of apparent optic disc swelling in the left eye by a general ophthalmologist. Her left eye vision was 6/18, pinhole 6/12, with near vision at N6. There was no relative afferent pupillary defect and anterior segment examination was normal. Examination of the posterior segment revealed a pink optic disc with blurred and elevated margins without hyperaemia. Vessels of the optic nerve head appeared normal and a lamellar macular hole was present with dull foveal reflex clinically. Right eye examination was normal. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the left eye using the raster line scan showed vitreopapillary traction surrounding the optic disc and vitreomacular traction (VMT) with lamellar macular hole. The patient was counselled for surgical release of VMT, however, she opted for conservative management.
Peripapillary vitreoretinal traction is a rare cause of pseudo-optic disc swelling. Thorough fundus examination with the help of OCT is crucial in making a prompt diagnosis, preventing unnecessary investigations, and evaluating other retinal pathologies which may benefit from treatment.