bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addition of chitosan improves the efficiency of total phosphorus removal from wastewater using the D-A2O reactor and metagenomic analysis
Authors: Jing Zhao , Ming Li , Qin Liu , Zhiming Zhou , Changbing Ye 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Microbial phosphate removal from wastewater sewage is a promising and feasible technique that increases the ability of a sewage treatment system to remove phosphate from wastewater. Maintaining a healthy population of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria is the key premise of biological sewage treatment. Chitosan is used to remove dissolved phosphorus from the water column during wastewater treatment. The present study found that chitosan has another function in phosphorus removal, affecting the diversity and community composition of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. We obtained 16S rRNA genetic data by using a shotgun metagenomic sequencing method. Data indicated that phosphate-solubilizing Pseudomonadaceae was the dominant bacteria population, after adding chitosan to the dynamic water treatment process. In chitosan-enhanced treatments, populations were 35.11% larger than the control group. Chitosan addition also caused some increases in the population sizes of Rhodocyclaceae, Bacillaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae, but the addition of chitosan had little effect on Hyphomicrobiaceae and Sphingomonadaceae in the activated sludge. Moreover, the Chao1 estimator, the abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE), and Shannon index all indicated a very high diversity of bacteria when chitosan was added. Finally, we determined that chitosan increased the activity of the enzymes phytase, dehydrogenase, and phosphatase, which enhance the degradation rate of phosphorus in the activated sludge of a D-A2O system. We suggest that chitosan plays an important role in dissolving organophosphorus during sewage treatment.
Inequality of virtual water consumption and economic benefits embodied in trade: a case study of the Yellow River Basin, China
Authors: An Qi , Wu Sanmang , Li Li , Li Shantong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The Yellow River Basin (YRB) is facing a serious water shortage. How to effectively alleviate the water crisis and achieve sustainable development in the YRB has become a widespread concern. By using the interregional input–output tables of China in 2002, 2007, 2012 and 2017, we analysed the transfer of virtual water and value-added and the inequality embodied in trade between the YRB and other regions. Results demonstrated that: (1) for the YRB, the pressure on water resources was alleviated through the net inflow of virtual water after 2007. However, the economic situation deteriorated due to the net outflow of value-added in interregional trade after 2012. (2) There existed a serious inequality in virtual water consumption and economic benefits embodied in trade between the YRB and Beijing, Shanghai, etc., with regional inequality (RI) index exceeding 1. Meanwhile, agriculture faced the most serious inequality among all sectors in the YRB. Accordingly, the YRB should aim to optimise its industrial structure and improve water use efficiency to achieve a win-win situation for both economic development and net virtual water inflow. In addition, policymakers should take measures to flexibly adjust the trade scale between the YRB and other regions based on the RI index.
Using Interactive Text Messaging to Improve Diet Quality and Increase Redemption of Foods Approved by the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children: Protocol for a Cohort Feasibility Study
Authors: Kay Melissa C , Hammad Nour M , Herring Sharon J , Bennett Gary G 
Published: October 2021

Background
Children in the United States eat too few fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and too many energy-dense foods; these dietary behaviors are associated with increased risk of obesity. Maternal diet plays a key role in shaping children's diets; however, many mothers have poor diet quality, especially those living in low-income households. The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) is a federal nutrition assistance program that provides mothers and children with nutrient-dense foods, and those who participate have better diet quality. However, many mothers do not redeem all their WIC-approved foods. Thus, there is a need to create effective interventions to improve diet quality, especially among low-income children and families.

Objective
This paper aims to describe the development and protocol for a study to evaluate the feasibility, satisfaction, and preliminary efficacy of a fully automated text messaging intervention as a strategy to improve maternal diet quality and the redemption of WIC-approved foods.

Methods
We describe the use of the framework developed for the description of nonrandomized feasibility studies. Using an observational, prospective cohort study design, we will recruit mothers enrolled in WIC with a child aged ≤2 years. Participants will receive automated SMS text messages aimed at improving the redemption of WIC-approved foods to improve the participants’ diet quality for 12 weeks. All outcome measures will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data will be analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results
Data collection for this study began in March 2021. We expect the study results to be available within 9 months of study commencement. The results will shed light on the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of using automated text messages as a behavior change strategy for mothers enrolled in WIC.

Conclusions
The results of this pilot study will explore whether this digital behavioral intervention, which will deliver nutrition guidance in accordance with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans using interactive self-monitoring and feedback, is feasible and acceptable. This will lay the foundation for a larger evaluation to determine efficacy for improving diet quality in those most at risk for obesity.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04098016; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04098016

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/32441
Increasing URiM Family Medicine Residents at University of Utah Health
Authors: Stoesser Kirsten , Frame Kara A. , Sanyer Osman , Leiser Jennifer P. , Moreno Laura Elizabeth , Bosch Clarivette , Jones Jessica L. , Morales Jessica J. , Rodríguez Stephanie Rolón , Wilson Jenifer , Kemeyou Line , Rodríguez José E. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The Department of Family and Preventive Medicine is home for the University of Utah’s Family Medicine Residency program. Although Utah’s diversity is steadily increasing, the race/ethnic diversity of the program’s family medicine residency does not reflect the state’s general population.
Methods: From 2017 to 2021, the residency instituted several adjustments to recruitment processes, including modification of an existing screening system to better highlight resiliency in overcoming challenging life experiences; promotion of commitment to diversity during interview days; incorporation of increased participation from diverse faculty and residents on interview days; and addition of outreach from the Office of Health, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion. Underrepresented in medicine (URiM) applicants were the first to be offered interviews in an identical screening score cohort, and were ranked highest in rank lists in cohorts with identical final rank scores.
Results: Over the past five match cycles, Latinx residents have increased from zero to six, and underrepresented Asian residents from zero to two. In the 2021 match cycle, five of 10 incoming residents (50%) are URiM. Overall, URiM residents are now 30%, and residents of color 36%, of a total of 30 residents across all 3 training years. We found that eight URiM interviews were needed for every one URiM match.
Conclusion: Intentional resident recruitment initiatives can transform racial/ethnic diversity in a family medicine residency program in a short amount of time.
Health monitoring of Bridges based on multifractal theory
Authors: Zhao Ling , Ding Jiawei , Liu Haiming 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The multifractal theory is applied in an analysis of bridge disturbance signals with the aim of investigating their nonlinear characteristics, and then the recognisable fault features are extracted from them. By calculating the box dimension and correlation dimension of the bridge disturbance signal, the dimensional characteristics of the disturbance data are analysed to distinguish the health-state of the bridge. Finally, taking the bridge disturbance data as an example, and by using the multifractal spectrum analysis of the disturbance data, it is concluded that the multifractal method can accurately identify the fault state and realise the bridge health monitoring.
Problems of image recognition systems associated with the possibility of its use in terrorist attacks
Authors: Semenyuk Vladislav , Kurmashev Ildar , Sarsenbaev Vadim 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article discusses systems for recognizing human faces, as well as systems for identifying flying objects. The paper deals with the main security issues related to the recognition of faces and images of objects. Today, automation systems that help to recognize an object, compare it with existing databases, can help prevent terrorist attacks, unauthorized penetrations, as well as the proliferation of biological and nuclear weapons. To date, the study of issues related to the possibility of using these systems is relevant and very much in demand.
A theoretical approach to the Cyprus Problem: Neoclassical Realism with Neoliberalism
Authors: Lekakis Nikos 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper, which covers the period of the 2004 Annan Plan and its rejection to date, places the Cyprus Problem in an International Relations theoretic framework. It searches for a “foreign policy outcome,” essentially a decision by the leaders of the Greek-Cypriot and Turkish-Cypriot communities, to politically reunite these two communities under the auspices of the UN. The paper provides a synthesis of the neo-liberal and the neoclassical realist paradigms, aiming to better interpret the existing experience and to shed light on the prospect of a future solution to the problem. The strategic environment for the Republic of Cyprus (RoC) and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) is ‘permissive’ because the message sent by the international system for reunification does not require the use of hard power. The leaders of the two communities play a key role, although the strategic political culture in small states such as the TRNC is not developed and state-society relations are underdeveloped. Also, the civil society at large can play a role in influencing the leaders' images regarding the reunification opportunity.
3D Measurement of Discontinuous Objects with Optimized Dual-frequency Grating Profilometry
Authors: Che Jun , Sun Yanxia , Jin Xiaojun , Chen Yong 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Three-dimensional profilometry tends to be less effective at measuring discontinuous surfaces. To overcome this problem, an optimized profilometry based on fringe projection is proposed in this paper. Due to the limitation of the shooting angle, there are projection blind spots on the surface of discontinuous objects. Since the noises and unwrapping errors are always localized at the projection blind spots, an algorithm is designed to determine the blind spots automatically with the light intensity difference information. Besides, in order to improve the measurement accuracy, a processing scheme is introduced to deal with the local height distortion introduced by the dual-frequency grating profilometry. Lots of measurement tests on various surfaces are carried out to assess the optimized profilometry, and experimental results indicate that the modified profilometry system works more robust with high reliability and accuracy in measuring different kinds of surfaces, especially discontinuous ones.
A Case of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Presenting as Acute Appendicitis and Pancreatitis
Authors: Kareva Lidija , Stavrik Katarina , Mironska Kristina , Hasani Arjeta , Bojadzieva Sonja , Shuntov Natalija Cokleska 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) is characterized by an inflammation with fever, elevated inflammatory markers, conjunctivitis, rash, impaired coagulation, gastrointestinal symptoms and cardiac abnormalities that may progress to multiorgan failure. The presence of a positive COVID-19 antigen via a PCR test, serological testing for antibodies or close contact with a person diagnosed with COVID-19 helps differentiate MIS-C from other diseases.
Gastrointestinal symptoms are recognized to be associated with COVID-19 infection or MIS-C in children, presenting as abdominal pain, gastrointestinal infection with watery stools, appendicitis, ileitis, pancreatitis and hepatitis, confusing the diagnosis with other gastrointestinal diseases.
In this case report, we describe an 11 year old boy with MIS-C, who presents acute phlegmona of the appendix for which he undergoes appendectomy, accompanied with acute pancreatitis. These manifestations of MIS-C in our patient resolved without additional complications after a 2 month follow up.
We call attention to MIS-C presenting in pediatric patients with fever and abdominal pain which might be caused by appendicitis and pancreatitis, and we recommend abdominal imaging and additional laboratory investigation to promote earlier diagnosis.
Implant Site Guided Bone Regeneration and Pontic Site Ridge Preservation: A Case Report
Authors: Veljanovski Darko , Baftijari Denis , Susak Zoran , Stojanovska Aneta Atanasovska 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a therapeutic modality to achieve bone regeneration with the use of barrier membranes. The use of deproteinized bovine bone material (DBBM) for ridge preservation allows the preservation of the edentulous ridge dimensions. Here, we present a case of horizontal GBR using DBBM and a resorbable membrane, with simultaneous implant placement. Simultaneously, ridge preservation of the pontic area, using DBBM within a “socket seal” procedure was performed. Two implants were places at sites 23 and 26 to support a fixed partial denture (FPD). The mesial implant showed exposed buccal threads, which were then covered with autogenous bone particles and small size granules of DBBM. The collagen membrane was stabilized with periosteal mattress suture. Six months postoperatively, CBCT images revealed a stable buccal bone layer at the implant site, indicating a successful GBR procedure. At this point in time, tooth 24 was atraumatically extracted. A ridge preservation was done utilizing DBBM, and a soft tissue graft form the tuber. A ceramic-metal FPD with excellent “white aesthetics” and a harmonic transition zone to the soft tissue was fabricated. At 3 years follow up, the peri-implant bone levels were stable, and the clinical outcomes were excellent. It is concluded that a GBR procedure, utilizing DBBM and a collagen barrier membrane with simultaneous implant placement, as well as ridge preservation using DBBM, are predictable therapeutic methods. However, gentle manipulation of the soft tissues, and wound stability, with tension-free passive closure of the wound margins are prerequisites for a long-term clinical success.
Anti-Factor H Antibody-Associated Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Abazi-Emini Nora , Sahpazova Emilija , Putnik Jovana , Tasic Velibor 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare form of thrombotic microangiopathy, caused by dysregulation of the complement alternative pathway. Deletion of the complement factor H–related genes, CFHR1 and CFHR3, together with the presence of CFH autoantibodies are reported in aHUS patients, representing 10% of cases of patients with aHUS.

Case presentation: We report here on a case of 4-year-old girl with anti-CFH antibody-associated aHUS. The measurement of complement factors and anti-factor H antibodies, was the main guideline for making an accurate diagnosis and providing the appropriate therapy, with the patient responding positively to plasma exchanges (PEs) and cyclophosphamide pulses. We then, one year after disease onset, continued with glucocorticoids and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), as maintenance therapy. There were no complications during the therapy other than neutropenia. Now, one year after the cessation of the immune suppression therapy, she is in remission with normal kidney function, no signs of hemolysis, normal C3 levels, and normal range proteinuria. The anti-factor H autoantibody titer decreased but still remained positive, the factor H antigen values remained low all throughout. Close follow-up is applied with frequent urine testing and complete blood count with an intention for early detection of relapse of the disease.

Conclusion: The purpose of this case report is to emphasize the value of complement factor measurements and also to separate anti-CFH antibody-associated aHUS as an entity, because immunosuppressive therapy provides an excellent response..
Gaseous and Particulate Matter Emissions from Road Transport: The Case of Kolkata, India
Authors: Dutta Abhishek , Jinsart Wanida 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Indian cities are highly dependent on road transport for freight and passenger traffic movements. The estimated road transport led yearly emission inventory of pollutants for 25 million-plus population cities of India indicates vehicle stock as the critical contributor to air pollution in cities. During 2025 the city of Kolkata will be responsible for the emission of 21 668.24 Gg of CO2 followed by 272.81 Gg of CO, 98.21 Gg of NOX, 16.9 Gg of CH4, 93.39 Gg of SO2, 8.6 Gg of PM, and 38.55 Gg of HC due to its 2.79 million vehicles. The total vehicle stock of 25 leading Indian cities increased by 19 % during 2015–2017, and during the same period, Rajkot and Vadodara had the highest rise of 97 % and 94 % respectively. Out of 25 cities total CO2 (220 560 Gg) and CO (3185 Gg) vehicular emissions during 2017, Delhi was the highest contributor with 22 % and 20 % respectively followed by Bengaluru (12 %, 12 %), and Chennai (9 %, 8 %). The GHG emission per unit area of Kolkata during 2017, due to on-road vehicular emission, was the highest amongst the 25 cities of India. For Kolkata, cars were responsible for 35 % for CO2, 55 % of CO, 75 % of CH4, 27 % of PM, omnibuses for 41 % for NOX emission, taxis for 83 % of SO2, and two-wheelers for 36 % of HC emissions.
Thermal Modelling of the Torrefaction Process Using the Finite Element Method
Authors: Dhaundiyal Alok , Toth Laszlo 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This paper focuses on the thermal characteristic of the torrefied pinecone pellets. The resistivity heating system was used for torrefaction purposes. The torrefaction was conducted at 523 K for different holding times of 5, 10 and 15 minutes. The thermal behaviour of the pinecone pellet was numerically predicted using the pdepe algorithm. A parabolic 2-D heat transfer equation was used to estimate the thermal profile across the pinecone. The effect of the interactive atmosphere was on the numerical solution was also examined. The pelletisation was performed using a ring-die at the temperature of 70 °C.
Impact of PSD2 on The Payment Services Market – General Objectives and Evidence from Polish and UK Legal Systems
Authors: Sadowski Krystian 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Payment Service Directive 2 came into force on 13th January 2018. It has replaced the prior directive and introduces new tools allowing to provide more advanced payment services. New legislation aims to increase competition and allow new entrants into the market. The thesis leads through the different aspects of the Directive, emphasizing an influence the legislation has on the companies providing modern solutions in the payment services market. The legal changes are analysed and assessed following the differences resulting from Payment Service Directive 2. For better understanding the impact of Directive, recent technological accomplishments are briefly described and explained. The overall results of the analysis are concluded on the basis of British and Polish payment services markets. The outcome reveals a contrast between these two countries in a number of new payment services providers as well as they origins. Research shows that the Polish payment services market is less accessible for non-bank financial companies.
Pelatihan yang Dibarengi dengan Demontrasi Teknik Budidaya Eucheuma cottonii dan Eucheuma striatum dengan Sistim Rakit Apung untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Hasil Rumput Laut di Teluk Ekas Lombok Timur
Authors: Sunarpi Sunarpi , Prasedya Eka S. , Jupri Ahmad , Sunarwidhi Anggit L. , Ilhami Bq T. Khairina , Widyastuti Sri 
Published: October 2021

Rumput laut yang secara ilmiah dikenal dengan nama makroalga, merupakan komoditi ekspor bernilai ekonomi tinggi, karena mengandung senyawa hidrokoloid seperti karaginan, agar dan alginat, yang merupakan bahan baku industri pangan dan farmasi. Karena itu, mutu rumput laut ditentukan oleh kualitas senyawa hidrokoloid yang dihasilkan. Mutu Eucheuma cottonii NTB rendah karena kadar karaginan dan kekerasan gel yang rendah, disamping kadar kotoran di atas 2%. Artikel ini melaporkan penyuluhan dibarengi dengan demonstrasi teknik budidaya Eucheuma cottonii dan Eucheuma striatum kepada pembudidaya rumput laut di Teluk Ekas bertujuan untuk meningkatkan mutu rumput laut E. cottonii dan E. striatum untuk dapat memenuhi standar mutu ekspor. Pengabdian dilakukan dalam bentuk penyuluhan dan demontransi teknik budidaya dengan metode rakit selama satu musim tanam (45 hari), awal mei-pertengahan juni tahun 2020. Selama periode tersebut, didemonstrasikan laju pertumbuhan, berat rendemen dan kadar kotoran rumput laut yang dihasilkan. Penyuluhan yang dibarengi dengan praktek langsung tersebut dapat dicontoh oleh pembudidaya rumput laut pada musim tanam berikutnya untuk dapat mencapai standar mutu ekspor rumput Eucheuma yang dihasilkan. Dengan demikian, penyuluhan ini dapat mendorong peningkatan harga jual rumput kering pada tingkat pembudidaya dari sekitar 14.000 rupiah per kilogram berat kering menjadi 22.000 rupiah per kilogram berat kering. Kata Kunci: Teknik budidaya; rumput laut; rendemen; Teluk Ekas
Pemanfaatan Tanaman Lokal Sebagai Pewarna Alami Tenun Tradisional Sembalun Lawang
Authors: Sarjan M. , Ulansari Baiq. Rara , Fitriana Dara , Sukma K Witanti 
Published: October 2021

Kegiatan ini bertujuan mengkaji jenis-jenis tumbuhan lokal yang menjadi pewarna alami yang digunakan oleh penenun tradisional Sembalun di desa Sembalun Lawang Kabupaten Lombok Timur. Kajian meliputi jenis-jenis tumbuhan yang digunakan sebagai pewarna alami dan keberadaannya di alam sekitar tempat tinggal masyarakat. Penggunaan tumbuhan pewarna alami dalam tenun tradisional menambah nilai jual dan keunikannya terutama di pasar internasional. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa penenun pewarna alami Sembalun yang dihasilkan dari ekstrak tumbuhan diantaranya seperti bagian daun bunga, dan biji yang menghasilkan beberapa komponen warna yaitu merah yang terbuat dari tumbuhan bayur (ptesterum javanicum), kuning terbuat dari kunyit (curcumalong), warna hijau ini dibuat dengan menggunkan tanaman mint (methaarvhensis) salah satu tanaman yang sangat banyak sekali ditemukan endemiknya khususnya di kecamatan Sembalun, kemudian warna ungu didapat dari ekstrak blueberry tanaman ini masuk dalam genus vaccinium sedangkan warna coklat itu sendiri didapat dari ekstrak kayu akasia yang menjadi salah satu pohon yang purba yang ada di Sembalun