bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonuniform grid upscaling method for geologic model of oil reservoir: A case study of the W block in the northern part of the Songliao Basin
Authors: Zhang Xuejuan , Zhang Lei , Wang Dandan , Lan Kuo , Zhou Xuesong , Yu Hongyu , Liu Ruhao , Lv Xueying 
Published: January 2021

At present, uniform upscaling division methods are routinely used to upscale geologic model grids, resulting in overly fine grids in some areas of the model. To improve computational efficiency, we have examined the effect of model upscaling with different upscaling parameters with the goal of producing a nonuniform grid with uniform accuracy. We based our nonuniform upscaling grid method on geologic characteristics including reservoir thickness, physical properties, reservoir spacing, and water flooding. Most of the logging curves of thin reservoirs are finger-like, allowing us to define the grid size according to the reservoir thickness. We use two different strategies to discretize uniform and composite reservoirs and represent reservoir thickness that exhibit bell- and funnel-shaped logging curves. Although one grid point accurately represents a uniform reservoir, we find that composite reservoirs require four or five points to accurately represent the physical properties of a composite reservoir. For the thick reservoirs (>5 m) with box- or composite-type logging curves, the physical properties inside the reservoir do not change much; therefore, we use a grid point to represent the reservoir thickness information. Using these metrics, we constructed alternative “moderate” and “efficient” vertical grid upscaling strategies. Taking the 15 sedimentary units with a total thickness of 72 m as an example, the statistical results show that the computational efficiency using our data-adaptive grid can be increased more than five times compared to the traditional uniform fine-grid method while retaining the same accuracy.
Deepwater sedimentary bedforms in a mobile substrate terrain: Examples from the central Gulf of Mexico Basin
Authors: Prieto Maria I. , Moscardelli Lorena , Wood Lesli 
Published: January 2021

We have used high-resolution geophysical data to investigate depositional and erosional bedforms in two geomorphologic provinces of the deepwater central Gulf of Mexico Basin: (1) the Mad Dog and Atlantis areas in the Sigsbee Escarpment region and (2) the Holstein minibasin within the salt canopy in the slope. Multibeam bathymetry indicates that the seafloor relief in the study areas is highly irregular because it is influenced by the dynamic behavior of underlying salt bodies resulting in the development of diverse bathymetric features. Side-scan images reveal erosional furrows of different morphologies at the base of the Sigsbee Escarpment that are oriented subparallel to the escarpment. Wide and sinuous furrows overlie mass transport deposits (MTDs), whereas, in other areas along strike, narrow rectilinear furrows are found beneath MTDs. The furrow fields in the Sigsbee Escarpment are located within a large series of erosional features that are linked to the action of westward flowing bottom currents associated with topographic Rossby waves that manage to rework sediments at water depths up to 2000 m. The interaction between the bottom current flow and the seafloor is likely influenced by the MTD’s irregular top surface relief and lateral changes in the escarpment’s morphology resulting in the development of complex sinuous furrow morphologies. North of the escarpment, subbottom profiles indicate a series of buried sediment waves found in the southern rim of the Holstein minibasin. Sediment wave morphometry indicates wavelengths ranging from 116 to 339 m and wave heights between approximately 0.8 and 2.4 m. Sediment waves were likely formed by turbidity currents as they exited the minibasin. The vertical change in topographic relief from the minibasin to the salt high led to variations in flow thickness and flow velocity of turbidity currents passing over the minibasin’s open rim. Consequently, these changes in flow regime led to the formation of sediment waves.
Geomorphometric analysis of seabed pockmarks, offshore western Niger Delta: A case study of the Freeman Field
Authors: Omeru Tuviere , Ayerume Divine , Bankole Samson , Ogbe Ovie B. , Byami Jolly A. , Obafemi Seyi , Ifarajimi Williams , Pat-Nebe Okwudili C. 
Published: January 2021

The morphometry and spatial distribution of seabed pockmarks have been used as proxies for subsurface conditions and local hydrodynamics. We have characterized and analyzed the distribution of seabed pockmarks in the Freeman Field, offshore western Niger Delta using a high-resolution 3D seismic data to understand the relationships between pockmarks and their controlling factors. We identified a total of 684 pockmarks in the Freeman Field at water depths between 1461 and 2395 m. The pockmarks are circular, elliptical, and elongated in plan view, having U-, V-, and W-shaped geometries in cross-sectional view. The average length, width, and depth of the pockmarks are 210, 111, and 15 m, respectively. More than 80% of the pockmarks were randomly distributed. From statistical analysis, most of the pockmarks occurred within a water depth range of 1600–2100 m. The randomly distributed pockmarks occurred at variable water depths whereas the pockmarks that were aligned along fault planes occurred at shallow water depths (approximately 1400–1700 m). However, those confined within the canyon occurred at deeper water depths (approximately 1700–2400 m). Our results show no correlation between the water depth and any of the pockmark dimensions; therefore, we hypothesize that changes in water depth had no effect on any of the pockmark dimensions because the Freeman Field is located at water depths greater than 1000 m where the current velocity range is lower (0.2 and 0.42 m/s). Hence, pockmark dimensions were comparatively uniform throughout the study area. We suggest that the variation in pockmark morphometry is linked to seafloor currents and the activity history of the pockmarks whereas the spatial distribution is linked to structural and stratigraphic discontinuities. Furthermore, our results give insights to the factors that should be considered during risk assessment before hydrocarbon exploration and production.
Evaluation of Sustained Minimal Residual Disease Negativity With Daratumumab-Combination Regimens in Relapsed and/or Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Analysis of POLLUX and CASTOR
Authors: Avet-Loiseau Hervé , San-Miguel Jesus , Casneuf Tineke , Iida Shinsuke , Lonial Sagar , Usmani Saad Z. , Spencer Andrew , Moreau Philippe , Plesner Torben , Weisel Katja , Ukropec Jon , Chiu Christopher , Trivedi Sonali , Amin Himal , Krevvata Maria , Ramaswami Priya , Qin Xiang , Qi Mia , Sun Steven , Qi Ming , Kobos Rachel , Bahlis Nizar J. 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE In relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma, daratumumab reduced the risk of progression or death by > 60% in POLLUX (daratumumab/lenalidomide/dexamethasone [D-Rd]) and CASTOR (daratumumab/bortezomib/dexamethasone [D-Vd]). Minimal residual disease (MRD) is a sensitive measure of disease control. Sustained MRD negativity and outcomes were evaluated in these studies. METHODS MRD was assessed via next-generation sequencing (10−5) at suspected complete response (CR), 3 and 6 months following confirmed CR (POLLUX), 6 and 12 months following the first dose (CASTOR), and every 12 months post-CR in both studies. Sustained MRD negativity (≥ 6 or ≥ 12 months) was evaluated in the intention-to-treat (ITT) and ≥ CR populations. RESULTS The median follow-up was 54.8 months in POLLUX and 50.2 months in CASTOR. In the ITT population, MRD-negativity rates were 32.5% versus 6.7% for D-Rd versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) and 15.1% versus 1.6% for D-Vd versus bortezomib and dexamethasone (Vd; both P < .0001). Higher MRD negativity rates were achieved in ≥ CR patients in POLLUX (D-Rd, 57.4%; Rd, 29.2%; P = .0001) and CASTOR (D-Vd, 52.8%; Vd, 17.4%; P = .0035). More patients in the ITT population achieved sustained MRD negativity ≥ 6 months with D-Rd versus Rd (20.3% v 2.1%; P < .0001) and D-Vd versus Vd (10.4% v 1.2%; P < .0001), and ≥ 12 months with D-Rd versus Rd (16.1% v 1.4%; P < .0001) and D-Vd versus Vd (6.8% v 0%). Similar results for sustained MRD negativity were observed among ≥ CR patients. More patients in the daratumumab-containing arms achieved MRD negativity and sustained MRD negativity, which were associated with prolonged progression-free survival. CONCLUSION Daratumumab-based combinations induce higher rates of sustained MRD negativity versus standard of care, which are associated with durable remissions and prolonged clinical outcomes.
Phase I Study of Elacestrant (RAD1901), a Novel Selective Estrogen Receptor Degrader, in ER-Positive, HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Bardia Aditya , Kaklamani Virginia , Wilks Sharon , Weise Amy , Richards Donald , Harb Wael , Osborne Cynthia , Wesolowski Robert , Karuturi Meghan , Conkling Paul , Bagley Rebecca G. , Wang Yamei , Conlan Maureen G. , Kabos Peter 
Published: January 2021

PURPOSE This phase I study (RAD1901-005; NCT02338349) evaluated elacestrant, an investigational oral selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), in heavily pretreated women with estrogen receptor–positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative metastatic breast cancer, including those with estrogen receptor gene alpha ( ESR1) mutation. The primary objective was to determine the maximum tolerated dose and/or recommended phase II dose (RP2D). METHODS The study consisted of a 3 + 3 design (elacestrant capsules) followed by expansion at RP2D (400-mg capsules, then 400-mg tablets) for the evaluation of safety and antitumor activity. Elacestrant was taken once daily until progression or intolerability. RESULTS Of 57 postmenopausal women enrolled, 50 received RP2D (400 mg once daily): median age, 63 years; median three prior anticancer therapies, including cyclin-dependent kinase 4,6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i; 52%), SERD (52%), and ESR1 mutation (circulating tumor DNA; 50%). No dose-limiting toxicities occurred; the most common adverse events at RP2D (400-mg tablet; n = 24) were nausea (33.3%) and increased blood triglycerides and decreased blood phosphorus (25.0% each). Most adverse events were grade 1-2 in severity. The objective response rate was 19.4% (n = 31 evaluable patients receiving RP2D), 15.0% in patients with prior SERD, 16.7% in patients with prior CDK4/6i, and 33.3% in patients with ESR1 mutation (n = 5/15). The clinical benefit rate (24-week) was 42.6% overall (n = 47 patients receiving RP2D), 56.5% (n = 23, ESR1 mutation), and 30.4% (n = 23, prior CDK4/6i). Elacestrant clinical benefit was associated with decline in ESR1 mutant allele fraction. CONCLUSION Elacestrant 400 mg orally once daily has an acceptable safety profile and demonstrated single-agent activity with confirmed partial responses in heavily pretreated patients with estrogen receptor–positive metastatic breast cancer. Notably, responses were observed in patients with ESR1 mutation as well as those with prior CDK4/6i and prior SERD. A phase III trial investigating elacestrant versus standard endocrine therapy is ongoing.
Maternal lipid levels in pregnant women without complications in developing risk of large for gestational age newborns: a study of meta-analysis
Authors: Mahindra Muhammad Pradhiki , Sampurna Mahendra Tri Arif , Mapindra Muhammad Pradhika , Sutowo Putri Apriska Mega 
Published: January 2021

Background: Circulating into foetal circulation across the placental barrier, abnormal maternal serum lipids predispose neonates to metabolic dysfunction and thereafter affect the steroid metabolism and functions of extra-embryonic foetal tissues. Methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed–MEDLINE and the Cochrane library between January 2010 and January 2020. The included studies were English case control studies that described original data on at least one raw lipid measurement during pregnancy in healthy women who delivered large for gestational age (LGA) newborns and in healthy women with non-LGA newborns. The data extracted from 12 studies were pooled, and the weighted mean difference (WMD) in lipid levels was calculated using random effects models. A meta-analysis was performed to identify sources of heterogeneity and to describe the significant value of the collected studies. Results: Of 649 published articles identified, a total of 12 met the inclusion criteria. Compared with women who had non-LGA newborns, those who had LGA newborns had significantly higher triglyceride (TG) levels (WMD = 0.28, 95% CI −0.02 to 0.54) and lower high density lipoprotein cholestrol (HDL-C) levels (WMD = 0.08, 95% CI −0.13 to −0.03), but not have significantly lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Moreover, the levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were inconsistent between both groups. Conclusions: High levels of TG and low levels of HDL-C could cause births of LGA newborns whereas maternal serum of TC, LDL-C and VLDL-C cannot be used as predictor of LGA.
A review of personality research in sport
Authors: Piepiora Paweł 
Published: January 2021

Background and aim. The significant role of personality in sport is often emphasized. The purpose of this article is to review the research in sport psychology that has contributed to the understanding of relationships and potential avenues for research into personality traits in sport.
Matherial and method. The collected material consisted only of the works of sports psychologists available in Poland. The method of source materials analysis was used. Analysis with deductive reasoning and synthesis with inductive reasoning were used.
Results. The results of research on: the relationship between personality and sports discipline, the role of personality in combat, individual and team sports, the influence of personality on sports performance and motor skills, accidental studies of personality in sports and health psychology, developmental psychology, dietetics, and gender are presented.
Conclusions. Physical and sports activity affects the personality of people who train. Personality traits relate to long-term sport success, interpersonal relationships, and mental states of athletes before, during and after competition. In addition, they refer to the use of leisure time, strength and mobility in old age, and unhealthy, addictive physical behavior.
Spectral normalization in dual-comb spectroscopy of acetylene using a sealed gas cell and a liquid nitrogen trap
Authors: Kato Hideki , Sugiyama Yohei , Yoshii Kazumichi , Hong Feng-Lei 
Published: January 2021

We demonstrate spectral normalization in dual-comb spectroscopy of acetylene using a sealed gas cell and liquid nitrogen trap. The normalized spectra of the P- and R-branches of the

ν
1

+

ν
3

vibration band of

12

C

2

H

2

were observed at a comb repetition rate of 19.8 MHz. We also observed instantaneous pressure changes inside the cell during the cooling of the liquid nitrogen trap, with different averaging times.
Ultrahigh-sensitivity displacement sensing enabled by the Vernier effect with inhibited antiresonance
Authors: Yang Yong , Zhang Xiaobei , Yang Lei , Yu Yang , Wang Zijie , Wang Tingyun 
Published: January 2021

We demonstrate an optical fiber displacement sensor based on the
Vernier effect, consisting of a single-mode fiber (SMF) and a section
of capillary with an internal movable microsphere freely controlled
forward and backward by a half-taper. The antiresonance is inhibited
to purify the reflectance spectra by optimizing the capillary length.
The interference of three beams reflected from the splicing interface,
front and rear surfaces of the microsphere, respectively, hence
results in the Vernier effect due to combined cavities. By adjusting
the distance between the splicing interface and front surface, an
appropriate Vernier effect can significantly enhance the displacement
sensitivity up to 344.8 pm/nm, with a subnanometer resolution of
0.058 nm. The proposed device has advantages such as simple
fabrication process, compact size, and ultrahigh sensitivity, showing
a great potential in displacement sensing applications.
Quantifying epidemiological drivers of gambiense human African Trypanosomiasis across the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Crump Ronald E. , Huang Ching-I , Knock Edward S. , Spencer Simon E. F. , Brown Paul E. , Mwamba Miaka Erick , Shampa Chansy , Keeling Matt J. , Rock Kat S. 
Published: January 2021

Gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT) is a virulent disease declining in burden but still endemic in West and Central Africa. Although it is targeted for elimination of transmission by 2030, there remain numerous questions about the drivers of infection and how these vary geographically.
In this study we focus on the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), which accounted for 84% of the global case burden in 2016, to explore changes in transmission across the country and elucidate factors which may have contributed to the persistence of disease or success of interventions in different regions. We present a Bayesian fitting methodology, applied to 168 endemic health zones (∼100,000 population size), which allows for calibration of a mechanistic gHAT model to case data (from the World Health Organization HAT Atlas) in an adaptive and automated framework.
It was found that the model needed to capture improvements in passive detection to match observed trends in the data within former Bandundu and Bas Congo provinces indicating these regions have substantially reduced time to detection. Health zones in these provinces generally had longer burn-in periods during fitting due to additional model parameters.
Posterior probability distributions were found for a range of fitted parameters in each health zone; these included the basic reproduction number estimates for pre-1998 (R0) which was inferred to be between 1 and 1.14, in line with previous gHAT estimates, with higher median values typically in health zones with more case reporting in the 2000s.
Previously, it was not clear whether a fall in active case finding in the period contributed to the declining case numbers. The modelling here accounts for variable screening and suggests that underlying transmission has also reduced greatly—on average 96% in former Equateur, 93% in former Bas Congo and 89% in former Bandundu—Equateur and Bandundu having had the highest case burdens in 2000. This analysis also sets out a framework to enable future predictions for the country.
Epigenetic suppression of SLFN11 in germinal center B-cells during B-cell development
Authors: Moribe Fumiya , Nishikori Momoko , Takashima Tsuyoshi , Taniyama Daiki , Onishi Nobuyuki , Arima Hiroshi , Sasanuma Hiroyuki , Akagawa Remi , Elloumi Fathi , Takeda Shunichi , Pommier Yves , Morii Eiichi , Takaori-Kondo Akifumi , Murai Junko 
Published: January 2021

Background
SLFN11 has recently been reported to execute cancer cells harboring replicative stress induced by DNA damaging agents. However, the roles of SLFN11 under physiological conditions remain poorly understood. Germinal center B-cells (GCBs) undergo somatic hypermutations and class-switch recombination, which can cause physiological genotoxic stress. Hence, we tested whether SLFN11 expression needs to be suppressed in GCBs during B-cell development.

Objective
To clarify the expression profile of SLFN11 in different developmental stages of B-cells and B-cell-derived cancers.

Methods
We analyzed the expression of SLFN11 by mining cell line databases for different stages of normal B-cells and various types of B-cell-derived cancer cell lines. We performed dual immunohistochemical staining for SLFN11 and B-cell specific markers in normal human lymphatic tissues. We tested the effects of two epigenetic modifiers, an EZH2 inhibitor, tazemetostat (EPZ6438) and a histone deacetylase inhibitor, panobinostat (LBH589) on SLFN11 expression in GCB-derived lymphoma cell lines. We also examined the therapeutic efficacy of these drugs in combination with cytosine arabinoside and the effects of SLFN11 on the efficacy of cytosine arabinoside in SLFN11-overexpressing cells.

Results
SLFN11 mRNA level was found low in both normal GCBs and GCB-DLBCL (GCB like-diffuse large B-cell lymphoma). Immunohistochemical staining showed low SLFN11 expression in GCBs and high SLFN11 expression in plasmablasts and plasmacytes. The EZH2 and HDAC epigenetic modifiers upregulated SLFN11 expression in GCB-derived lymphoma cells and made them more susceptible to cytosine arabinoside. SLFN11 overexpression further sensitized GCB-derived lymphoma cells to cytosine arabinoside.

Conclusions
The expression of SLFN11 is epigenetically suppressed in normal GCBs and GCB-derived lymphomas. GCB-derived lymphomas with low SLFN11 expression can be treated by the combination of epigenetic modifiers and cytosine arabinoside.
Right ventricular dysfunction assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance is associated with poor outcome in patients undergoing transcatheter mitral valve repair
Authors: Spieker Maximilian , Marpert Jonathan , Afzal Shazia , Karathanos Athanasios , Scheiber Daniel , Bönner Florian , Horn Patrick , Kelm Malte , Westenfeld Ralf 
Published: January 2021

Aims
To evaluate whether CMR-derived RV assessment can facilitate risk stratification among patients undergoing transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR).

Background
In patients undergoing TMVR, only limited data exist regarding the role of RV function. Previous studies assessed the impact of pre-procedural RV dysfunction stating that RV failure may be associated with increased cardiovascular mortality after the procedure.

Methods
Sixty-one patients underwent CMR, echocardiography and right heart catheterization prior TMVR. All-cause mortality and heart failure hospitalizations were assessed during 2-year follow-up.

Results
According to RV ejection fraction (RVEF) <46%, 23 patients (38%) had pre-existing RV dysfunction. By measures of RV end-diastolic volume index (RVEDVi), 16 patients (26%) revealed RV dilatation. Nine patients (15%) revealed both. RV dysfunction was associated with increased right and left ventricular volumes as well as reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (all p<0.05). During follow-up, 15 patients (25%) died and additional 14 patients (23%) were admitted to hospital due to heart failure symptoms. RV dysfunction predicted all-cause mortality even after adjustment for LV function. Similarly, RVEDVi was a predictor of all-cause mortality even after adjustment for LVEDVi. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis unraveled that, among patients presenting with CMR indicative of both, RV dysfunction and dilatation, the majority (78%) experienced an adverse event during follow-up (p<0.001).

Conclusion
In patients undergoing TMVR, pre-existing RV dysfunction and RV dilatation are associated with reduced survival, in progressive additive fashion. The assessment of RV volumes and function by CMR may aid in risk stratification prior TMVR in these high-risk patients.