bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of small-scale fisheries and their issues: Case study in Sibolga, North Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Firdaus M , Huda H M , Mira  , Suryawati S H , Kurniawan T , Sari Y D 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Small-scale fisheries dominate the fishing industry in Indonesia, and more than 90% of Indonesia’s fishing vessel is estimated to be less than 30 GT. Small-scale fisheries issues could vary by region in Indonesia, based on their characteristics, so the government requires different and effective fisheries development programs and initiatives. Sibolga, North Sumatera, is a fisheries centre in Indonesia where small-scale fishers and industrial fishing vessels co-exist in the same port. For instance, the issues and management strategies addressed have to be approached in several different ways to develop sustainability. The purpose of this research is to examine the management of small-scale fisheries and their issues in the study area. The study was carried out in 2019. Primary and secondary data were used for this analysis. The analysis of data used a qualitative approach. Social and structural aspects should be discussed in the management of small-scale fisheries. Regulations are expected to raise the economic rents of small-scale fishing activities and, on the other hand, to apply a resource tax to small-scale fishermen adapted to current social and institutional conditions.
Characteristics of edible film from chitosan as biodegradable packaging
Authors: Saputra E , Tjahjaningsih W , Abdillah A A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This research aimed to study the capability of CMC in improving the characteristics of an edible film made from chitosan, as well as to see the ability of edible film in maintaining the shelf life of fish burger product at room temperature. Three various concentration of CMC was used, namely 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%. The results of chitosan edible film characterization from the three concentrations of CMC showed that the concentration of 0.1% was the best as a plasticizer, with thickness 0.19 mm, water vapor transmission rate 50.8 ml/m2/day, the tensile strength 24.2 kgf/cm2, and percentage elongation 18.1%.
From drug center to soka crabs and tilapia salina center: a case study of community economic empowerment at ex-drug base of Ujoeng Pacu Village, Lhokseumawe, Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Nirzalin  , Prama H , Azhari  , Fakhrurrazi  , Nazaruddin M 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe social resilience of not being a part of drug dealers in the former drug base is determined by their economic welfare. Growing and sustainable economic prosperity are related to the existence of an economic business that can be run intensively and stable. This article aims to explore the process and success of empowering the ex-drug base community in the village ofUjoeng Pacu, Lhokseumawe City, Aceh. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach. The use of this ethnographic method is to understand the socio-cultural events under study which then display the data by describing these events. The data were collected using the live-in method, observation, in-depth interviews, and document study. This study found that the economic empowerment of the ex-drug base community ofUjoeng Pacuby implementing the cultivation ofsokacrabs and tilapia salina succeeded in increasing their economic welfare. The success of this empowerment program is passed through the stages of knowledge transfer, stimulus capital, linking marketing networks, and intensive mentoring. Sustainable income and stable welfare have proven to be the main shield for the growth and development of social resilience in the community, and in return, they will not be a part of drug-traffickers.
Isolation and Identification Bacillus Bacteria in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Using the Vitek-2 Compact
Authors: Mursyidah R M , Zulfa A J , Laith A A , Kismiyati  
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, is fish commodity that plays an important role in the tropic and subtropics country with their economic value for the community and tolerance for salinity. The high demand for tilapia resulted in the need to increase their production through the stocking density method. The purpose of this research is isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria in tilapia fish using a Vitek-2 compact. The method used is sampling, perform bacterial isolation using TSB and TSA media using streak plate technique with OSE needle loop and cotton swap, identification of bacteria through gram staining, bacterial pathogenitas test, and using the Vitek-2 compact. The results of this study revealed three species of Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus mycoides and Bacillus cereus. All bacteria detected in the tilapia cultures were known as putative pathogens in Fish.
Manipulation the protein concentration in rice bran suspension toward fecundity and production of offspring M. macrocopa.
Authors: Wahyuningtiyas L , Mubarak A S , Sari L A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The need of M. macrocopa as a natural food can be fulfilled the quality and feed used optimally to support population growth. Protein is a nutrient that directly influences the fecundity and children of M. macrocopa. This study aims to was the effect of different protein concentrations in the suspension of suspension on the fecundity and production of offspring M. macrocopa. This study complete(CRD) consisting of 5 preparations of 4 replications (P0) protein 16.7% (P1) protein 23.75%, (P2) protein 30.80%, (P3) protein 37.85% (P4) protein 44.9%.The parameters used are the fecundity and production of offspring M. macrocopa.M. macropopa culture was do with density of 20 ind/Lwater andfeed changes are carried out every day. The results of this study showed that the different protein concentrations in rice bran suspension had a significantly different effect (p <0.05) on the fecundity and production of offspring M. macrocopa.that produced the highest fecundity and offspring at a protein concentration of 44.9%, as much as 30.25 ± 0.95 items/parent and child production per parent as much as 28.5 ± 0.57 ind/parent.
Range expansion of Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeys, 1758) (Perciformes, Chichlidae) in Java Sea and first record for Masalembo Island
Authors: Wijayanti A , Hasan V , Tamam M B 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) is native to Africa, with introductions reported from Bawean Island and Kangean Island, Java Sea (Indonesia). In 2019, four specimens of O. niloticus were captured from an estuary (conservation area) on Masalembo Island. This record is among the first of this species from the middle of the Java Sea. A description of morphological characters of the specimens are provided.
The effects of various doses of probiotics on growth and survival rates of white shrimp larva (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Larasati L G , Nimitkul S , Dewi N N 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The purposes of this research is to know the effective dose of probiotics that can optimize the growth of postlarva (PL15) white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). This research was conducted in January 2020 in Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand for seven days using completely randomized design (CRD) research method with 4 treatments and 6 replications. Commercial probiotic powder application with Bacillus content (108 CFU / g) is given consisting of treatments are C (0 mg/L), P1 (1 mg/L), P2 (3 mg/L) and P3 (5 mg/L). A one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to compare the control and treated groups at a significanc elevel of P<0.05. Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to identify significant differences of growth, survival, and feed efficiency parameters. The results show that the highest SGR, DGR, absolute weight growth, absolute length growth, SR, FCR, and efficiency of feed utilization average respectively 22.76%, 4.32 mg/day, 11.20 mg, 7,68 mm, 77%, 1.78, 0.56. However, all parameters of shrimp growth, survival, and feed efficiency are not significantly different.
A stretchable superhydrophobic coating with electrothermal ability for anti-icing application
Authors: Peng Yongjing , Hu Jianping , Fan Zhen , Xie Pengkang , Wang Jian , Wang Peng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Surface icing in the transmission lines may cause serious accidents. Although the superhydrophobic/electrothermal synergistically anti-icing strategy has been introduced, most coatings tended to lose superhydrophobicity under large deformation. In this research, we prepared a kind of stretchable superhydrophobic coating by partially embedding the modified graphene into the Ecoflex elastomer. The excellent resilience of the Ecoflex elastomer together with the outstanding interficial area of graphene results in the maintainment of superhydrophobicity even under 300% strain. Furthermore, this coating has outstanding superhydrophobic and electrothermal property simutaneously due to the introduction of graphene. After applying 20 V voltage, this coating could melt 2 mm thick ice layer within 115 s. Moreover, this superhydrophobic coating demonstrated excellent mechanical and chemical durability, and outstanding thermostability.
Towards comprehensive understanding of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells using high energy x-rays
Authors: Martens Isaac , Chattot Raphael , Wiegmann Tim , Fuchs Timo , Magnussen Olaf M , Dubau Laetitia , Maillard Frederic , Drnec Jakub 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
For a future hydrogen economy, the development of cost effective energy conversion devices is a key issue. In this perspective, we discuss the use of high energy x-rays for obtaining comprehensive insights into the complex processes which occur inside such devices, focusing on proton exchange membrane fuel cells. This probe enables structural characterisation under operating conditions on all relevant length scales, from the atomic-scale interfaces to complete stacks. This opens up possibilities to go beyond characterisation of the isolated components, towards an understanding of their interactions in the full system which determine the power output, efficiency and degradation pathways in operational devices.
Effect of various synthesis parameters on the stability of size controlled green synthesis of silver nanoparticles
Authors: Kaur Ramanjeet , Avti Pramod , Kumar Vivek , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this study, we have focused on the green method using Litchi Chinensis Leaf Extract (LCLE) for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Here, the experimental control parameters (reducing/stabilizing agent quantity, reaction time and temperature, silver ion concentrations) were studied during the size controlled synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their physicochemical properties have been studied. For biological studies, the stability of AgNPs at physiological pH is of vital importance; hence, post-synthesis solution stability of AgNPs was examined at various pH conditions. Stable AgNPs are formed by treating the aqueous solution of AgNO3 with LCLE. Formation of AgNPs was observed visually by the change in the color and further characterized by the surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) peak observed at 436 nm by UV–vis spectroscopy. The synthesized AgNPs were also characterized for their size distribution by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), crystalline nature by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform infrared (FITR) for the functional groups present. The size of AgNPs was in the range of 40–50 nm, spherical in with face centered cubic (FCC) structure. The biomolecules (epicatechin) present in LCLE were responsible for reduction, capping, and stabilizing agent of AgNPs. Post- synthesis, the stability of AgNPs has been studied by changes in the SPR peaks at various pH (2–11) conditions using UV–vis spectroscopy. This size controlled nanoparticles are very stable at physiological pH and retain their intrinsic SPR property.
New horizons in cardiogeriatrics: geriatricians and heart failure care—the custard in the tart, not the icing on the cake
Authors: Levy Shuli , Cole Graham , Pabari Punam , Dani Melanie , Barton Carys , Mayet Jamil , McDonagh Theresa , Baxter John , Plymen Carla 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Heart failure (HF) can be considered a disease of older people. It is a leading cause of hospitalisation and is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality in the over-65s. In 2012, an editorial in this journal detailed the latest HF research and guidelines, calling for greater integration of geriatricians in HF care. This current article reflects upon what has been achieved in this field in recent years, highlighting some future challenges and promising areas. It is written from the perspective of one such integrated team and explores the new role of cardiogeriatrician, working in a multidisciplinary team to deliver and improve care to increasingly complex, older, frail patients with multiple comorbidities who present with primary cardiology problems, especially decompensated HF. Geriatric liaison has improved the care of frail patients in orthopaedics, cancer services, stroke, acute medicine and numerous community settings. We propose that this vital role should now be extended to cardiology teams in general and to HF in particular.
Claustral Input to the Macaque Medial Posterior Parietal Cortex (Superior Parietal Lobule and Adjacent Areas)
Authors: Gamberini Michela , Passarelli Lauretta , Impieri Daniele , Montanari Giulia , Diomedi Stefano , Worthy Katrina H , Burman Kathleen J , Reser David H , Fattori Patrizia , Galletti Claudio , Bakola Sophia , Rosa Marcello G P 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The projections from the claustrum to cortical areas within and adjacent to the superior parietal lobule were studied in 10 macaque monkeys, using retrograde tracers, computerized reconstructions, and quantitative methods. In contrast with the classical view that posterior parietal areas receive afferents primarily from the dorsal and posterior regions of the claustrum, we found that these areas receive more extensive projections, including substantial afferents from the anterior and ventral regions of the claustrum. Moreover, our findings uncover a previously unsuspected variability in the precise regions of the claustrum that originate the projections, according to the target areas. For example, areas dominated by somatosensory inputs for control of body movements tend to receive most afferents from the dorsal-posterior claustrum, whereas those which also receive significant visual inputs tend to receive more afferents from the ventral claustrum. In addition, different areas within these broadly defined groups differ in terms of quantitative emphasis in the origin of projections. Overall, these results argue against a simple model whereby adjacency in the cortex determines adjacency in the sectors of claustral origin of projections and indicate that subnetworks defined by commonality of function may be an important factor in defining claustrocortical topography.
Purification of Four Caffeoylquinic Acid Derivatives from the Flowers of Gynura Procumbens by HSCCC
Authors: Cao Ming-yuan , Hu Ju-wu , Gu Zhen , Xiong Wei , Wu Lei , Xu Jian-guo , Wu Lei-yan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Four caffeoylquinic acid derivatives from the Gunura procumbens flowers (GPF) were successfully isolated and purified by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). Ethyl acetate–methanol–water (3:1:3, v/v/v) was the optimum biphasic solvent system, which was selected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and run on a preparative scale where the lower aqueous phase was used as the mobile phase with a head-to-tail elution mode. Chlorogenic acid (3.83 mg), Isochlorogenic acid A (6.51 mg), Isochlorogenic acid B (4.38 mg) and Isochlorogenic acid C (4.47 mg) were obtained for the first time in an one-step HSCCC separation from 800 mg of the crude extracts. The purities of four compounds were determined to be &gt;95% by HPLC. Chemical structures of each isolated compounds were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry methods. It is worth noting that all the four compounds were isolated here for the first time from GPF and this work confirms the effectiveness of HSCCC for the separation of compounds contained in complex samples, and provides a foundation for further exploitation of G. procumbens.
Efficient Maternofetal Transplacental Transfer of Anti- Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Spike Antibodies After Antenatal SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 Messenger RNA Vaccination
Authors: Rottenstreich Amihai , Zarbiv Gila , Oiknine-Djian Esther , Zigron Roy , Wolf Dana G , Porat Shay 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Maternal and cord blood sera were collected from 20 parturients who received the BNT162b2 vaccine. All women and infants were positive for anti S- and anti-receptor binding domain antibody–specific immunoglobulin G. Cord blood antibody concentrations were correlated to maternal levels and to time since vaccination. Antenatal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination may provide maternal and neonatal protection.
Pathogens That Cause Acute Febrile Illness Among Children and Adolescents in Burkina Faso, Madagascar, and Sudan
Authors: Marks Florian , Liu Jie , Soura Abdramane Bassiahi , Gasmelseed Nagla , Operario Darwin J , Grundy Brian , Wieser John , Gratz Jean , Meyer Christian G , Im Justin , Lim Jacqueline Kyungah , von Kalckreuth Vera , Cruz Espinoza Ligia Maria , Konings Frank , Jeon Hyon Jin , Rakotozandrindrainy Raphaël , Zhang Jixian , Panzner Ursula , Houpt Eric 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe etiology and optimal clinical management of acute febrile illness (AFI) is poorly understood.MethodsBlood samples taken from study participants with acute fever (≥37.5°C) or a history of fever and recruited into the previous Typhoid Fever Surveillance in Africa (TSAP) study were evaluated using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based TaqMan-Array Card designed to detect a panel of bacterial, viral, and parasitic pathogens. Clinical metadata were also assessed.ResultsA total of 615 blood samples available for analysis originated from Burkina Faso (n = 53), Madagascar (n = 364), and Sudan (n = 198) and were taken from participants ranging in age from 0–19 years. Through the TaqMan-Array Card, at least 1 pathogen was detected in 62% (33 of 53), 24% (86 of 364), and 60% (118 of 198) of specimens from Burkina Faso, Madagascar, and Sudan, respectively. The leading identified pathogen overall was Plasmodium spp., accounting for 47% (25 of 53), 2.2% (8 of 364), and 45% (90 of 198) of AFI at the respective sites. In Madagascar, dengue virus was the most prevalent pathogen (10.2%). Overall, 69% (357 of 516) of patients with clinical diagnoses of malaria, respiratory infection, or gastrointestinal infection were prescribed a World Health Organization guideline-recommended empiric antibiotic, whereas only 45% (106 of 237) of patients with pathogens detected were treated with an antibiotic exerting likely activity.ConclusionsA PCR approach for identifying multiple bacterial, viral, and parasitic pathogens in whole blood unveiled a diversity of previously undetected pathogens in AFI cases and carries implications for the appropriate management of this common syndrome.
Spironolactone effect on the blood pressure of patients at risk of developing heart failure: an analysis from the HOMAGE trial
Authors: Ferreira João Pedro , Collier Timothy , Clark Andrew L , Mamas Mamas A , Rocca Hans-Peter Brunner-La , Heymans Stephane , González Arantxa , Ahmed Fozia Z , Petutschnigg Johannes , Mujaj Blerim , Cuthbert Joe , Rouet Philippe , Pellicori Pierpaolo , Mariottoni Beatrice , Cosmi Franco , Edelmann Frank , Thijs Lutgarde , Staessen Jan A , Hazebroek Mark , Verdonschot Job , Rossignol Patrick , Girerd Nicolas , Cleland John G , Zannad Faiez 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Aims
Uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) increases the risk of developing heart failure (HF). The effect of spironolactone on BP of patients at risk of developing HF is yet to be determined. To evaluate the effect of spironolactone on the BP of patients at risk for HF and whether renin can predict spironolactone’s effect.

Methods and results
HOMAGE (Heart OMics in Aging) was a prospective multicentre randomized open-label blinded endpoint (PROBE) trial including 527 patients at risk for developing HF randomly assigned to either spironolactone (25–50 mg/day) or usual care alone for a maximum of 9 months. Sitting BP was assessed at baseline, Months 1 and 9 (or last visit). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), mixed effects models, and structural modelling equations was used. The median (percentile25–75) age was 73 (69–79) years, 26% were female, and &gt;75% had history of hypertension. Overall, the baseline BP was 142/78 mmHg. Patients with higher BP were older, more likely to have diabetes and less likely to have coronary artery disease, had greater left ventricular mass (LVM), and left atrial volume (LAV). Compared with usual care, by last visit, spironolactone changed SBP by −10.3 (−13.0 to −7.5) mmHg and DBP by −3.2 (−4.8 to −1.7) mmHg (P &lt; 0.001 for both). A higher proportion of patients on spironolactone had controlled BP &lt;130/80 mmHg (36 vs. 26%; P = 0.014). Lower baseline renin levels predicted a greater response to spironolactone (interactionP = 0.041).

Conclusion
Spironolactone had a clinically important BP-lowering effect. Spironolactone should be considered for lowering blood pressure in patients who are at risk of developing HF.
Abundant oleoyl-lysophosphatidylethanolamine in brain stimulates neurite outgrowth and protects against glutamate toxicity in cultured cortical neurons
Authors: Hisano Kazutoshi , Yoshida Hironori , Kawase Shiori , Mimura Tetsuhiko , Haniu Hisao , Tsukahara Tamotsu , Kurihara Taiga , Matsuda Yoshikazu , Saito Naoto , Uemura Takeshi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPEs) are bioactive lysophospholipids that have been suggested to play important roles in several biological processes. We performed a quantitative analysis of LPE species and showed their composition in mouse brain. We examined the roles of oleoyl-LPE (18:1 LPE), which is one of the abundant LPE species in brain. In cultured cortical neurons, application of 18:1 LPE-stimulated neurite outgrowth. The effect of 18:1 LPE on neurite outgrowth was inhibited by Gq/11 inhibitor YM-254890, phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor U73122, protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor Go6983 or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor U0126. Additionally, 18:1 LPE increased the phosphorylation of MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. These results suggest that the action of 18:1 LPE on neurite outgrowth is mediated by the Gq/11/PLC/PKC/MAPK pathway. Moreover, we found that application of 18:1 LPE protects neurons from glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. This effect of 18:1 LPE was suppressed by PKC inhibitor Go6983. These results suggest that 18:1 LPE protects neurons from glutamate toxicity via PKC inhibitor Go6983-sensitive PKC subtype. Collectively, our results demonstrated that 18:1 LPE stimulates neurite outgrowth and protects against glutamate toxicity in cultured cortical neurons. Our findings provide insights into the physiological or pathological roles of 18:1 LPE in the brain.