bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning in on the Becoming of Music
Authors: Østergaard Edvin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this article, I explore the music-in-becoming as a dialogue. The thesis of my inquiry is that during musical composition, the composer’s listening is marked by both activeness and receptiveness; actively structuring the sounding work, and receptively letting the work express itself as it takes its form. Composer and work merge in sudden moments of attunement, the sensation of coherence between the so-fare completed and the anticipation of the as-of-yet unformed work. Composition is all about balancing writing as a handicraft with those rare, unexpected moments of attunement. I discuss the emerging work’s invitational character and the fact that during composition, the piece seems to request the composer’s attention. The audibility of the work’s voice depends on the composer’s ability to listen. Finally, the methodological considerations concerning sonic-artistic research show that researching sonic experiences requires competencies of being attentive, responsive, and reflective. Attentiveness is related to thorough listening experiences of the emerging music, responsiveness appears as a vital skill in a composer’s dialoguing with the music-in-becoming, and reflectiveness is associated with empirically documenting the processes. At the heart of this sonic research project, I place my lived experience of composing and the intimate relation between sound and listening.
An elusive ritual or a weave of adverse environmental conditions? From a research on the issue of a small number of sepulchral objects in the Trzciniec culture
Authors: Adamik-Proksa Joanna , Stanek-Tarkowska Jadwiga 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Over the past dozen years or so, there has been a significant increase in the pace of research on the phenomenon of the Trzciniec cultural circle. This is due to a snowballing increase of the source base, which was obtained as part of modern excavations, currently being conducted in a wide spatial scope (research on routes of planned motorways). A number of synthesis publications have also appeared. Coherent periodizations of development of this cultural circle has been worked out for many regions. It should be noted, however, that these are mainly systematics created on the basis of materials originating from settlements. The number of sepulchral discoveries that have been made so far is incomparably smaller than those of settlement-type objects. The problem of the scale of occurrence of cemeteries seems to be very clear, because in some thoroughly researched areas, no single confirmed grave has yet been discovered. The areas of the San, Vistula and Wisłoka river interfluves, the central Warta region and the sandy areas of the Nida Basin can, among others, be considered as such regions. This article is an attempt to address this problem more broadly. It is also a search for possible explanations the indicated irregularity of an absence of grave sites. The work analyses three aspects of this issue: the degree of excavation reconnaisance of the Trzciniec ecumen, environmental conditions and cultural factors. For the purposes of the analyses, a current list of sepulchral sites of the Trzciniec culture in Poland has been created and all relevant information has been collected. Selected aspects have been illustrated with various types of mapping, specific examples from selected Trzciniec culture sites or groups remote territorially or remote in time, chemical analyses of soil for phosphorus content and radiocarbon facts.
Az idősödő társadalom pénzügyi kontextusa
Authors: Kuti Mónika 
Published: September 2021

A TANULMÁNY CÉLJA
A tanulmány célja, hogy az idősödő társadalom hatására megjelenő komplex pénzügyi folyamatokat áttekintse. Az idősödő társadalom jelentős mértékben átformálja a pénzügyek világát, hatással van a kockázati attitűdre, a kockázat-megtérülés viszonyrendszereire, a megtakarítási hajlandóságra, beruházásokra, produktivitásra, fogyasztásra, az eszközárakra, a pénzügyi közvetítőrendszerre, valamint a fiskális egyensúlyra és monetáris politikára egyaránt.
ALKALMAZOTT MÓDSZERTAN
Alkalmazott módszertant tekintve a cikk elsősorban szakirodalom-kutatás, melynek célja, hogy rendszerezze a nemzetközi kutatások fontosabb irányait és kutatási kérdéseit.
LEGFONTOSABB EREDMÉNYEK
A cikk legfontosabb eredménye, hogy rámutat arra, hogy az idősödő társadalom költségvetési egyensúlyproblémákat okoz, a monetáris transzmisszó hatékonyságán módosít, a kockázatmentes befektetések iránti keresletet fokozza, a bankszektorban a bankbetét-állomány növekedéséhez vezet, a nyugdíjbiztosítási rendszert kihívások elé állítja. Az egészségügyi kockázatok miatt az idősek háztartási vagyonportfóliójában az egészségügyi kiadások mint negatív tőke egyre jelentősebb mértékben jelentkeznek, a családon belüli transzferek jelentőségét fokozzák az alacsonyabb jövedelemmel rendelkező társadalmi rétegekben.
GYAKORLATI JAVASLATOK
A kutatási eredmények alapján megfogalmazható gyarkolati javaslatok közé tartozik, hogy a pénzügyi közvetítő rendszer számára fontosak olyan metrikák kialakítása, melyek számszerűsítik a fenti generációs kockázatokat.
Köszönetnyilvánítás: Az „EFOP-3.6.1-16-2016-00004. Átfogó fejlesztések a Pécsi Tudományegyetemen az intelligens szakosodás megvalósítása érdekében” című pályázat támogatásával. (Időskori döntéshozatal projektelem, 11. téma)
Experimental apparatus for measurement of photoneutrons from linear accelerator with energy of 16 MeV
Authors: Silva Marcelo Vilela da , Cardoso Domingos D'Oliveira , Vellozo Sergio de Oliveira 
Published: September 2021

Particle accelerator technology has a deep impact on society. Its applications are well established mainly in the treatment of cancer and other diseases. This work aims to develop an experimental apparatus with 3He detectors for 16 MeV photoneutron measurements. The apparatus allows us to obtain multienergetic neutrons with the use of a 22 cm diameter spherical attenuator associated with different shield thicknesses. The microscopic processes of the fast and thermal neutrons in the detector were described by the two energy-group diffusion equation. The Detector Response Dose Rate results show a directly proportional relationship between these two variables with a degree of reliability attested by the linear correlation coefficient .Particle accelerator technology has a deep impact on society. Its applications are well established mainly in the treatment of cancer and other diseases. This work aims to develop an experimental apparatus with 3He detectors for 16 MeV photoneutron measurements. The apparatus allows us to obtain multienergetic neutrons with the use of a 22 cm diameter spherical attenuator associated with different shield thicknesses. The microscopic processes of the fast and thermal neutrons in the detector were described by the two energy-group diffusion equation. The Detector Response Dose Rate results show a directly proportional relationship between these two variables with a degree of reliability attested by the linear correlation coefficient .
Neonatal Stress, Health, and Development in Preterms: A Systematic Review
Authors: van Dokkum Nienke H. , de Kroon Marlou L.A. , Reijneveld Sijmen A. , Bos Arend F. 
Published: September 2021

CONTEXT
An overview of the full range of neonatal stressors and the associated clinical, laboratory, and imaging outcomes regarding infants’ health and development may contribute to the improvement of neonatal care.

OBJECTIVE
To systematically review existing literature on the associations between all kinds of neonatal stressors and the health and development of preterm infants.

DATA SOURCES
Data sources included Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and reference lists.

STUDY SELECTION
Studies were eligible if they included a measure of neonatal stress during the NICU stay, reported clinical, laboratory, and/or imaging outcomes regarding health and/or development on discharge from the NICU or thereafter, included preterm infants, and were written in English or Dutch.

DATA EXTRACTION
Two reviewers independently screened the sources and extracted data on health and development. Study quality was assessed by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale.

RESULTS
We identified 20 articles that reported on neonatal stress associated negatively with clinical outcomes, including cognitive, motor, and emotional development, and laboratory and imaging outcomes, including epigenetic alterations, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning, and structural brain development. We found no evidence regarding associations with growth, cardiovascular health, parent-infant interaction, the neonatal immune system, and the neonatal microbiome.

LIMITATIONS
The studies were all observational and used different definitions of neonatal stress.

CONCLUSIONS
Neonatal stress has a profound impact on the health and development of preterm infants, and physicians involved in their treatment and follow-up should be aware of this fact.
Occurrence of Escherichia coli producing extended spectrum β-lactamases in food-producing animals
Authors: Balázs Bence , Nagy József Bálint , Tóth Zoltán , Nagy Fruzsina , Károlyi Sándor , Turcsányi Ibolya , Bistyák Andrea , Kálmán Attila , Sárközi Rita , Kardos Gábor 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Multidrug resistance due to the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) is a major problem in human as well as in veterinary medicine. These strains appear in animal and human microbiomes and can be the source of infection both in animal and in human healthcare, in accordance with the One Health theorem. In this study we examined the prevalence of ESBL-producing bacteria in food-producing animals. We collected 100 porcine and 114 poultry samples to examine the prevalence of ESBL producers. Isolates were identified using the MALDI-TOF system and their antibiotic susceptibility was tested using the disk diffusion method. ESBL gene families and phylogroups were detected by polymerase chain reactions. The prevalence of ESBL producers was relatively high in both sample groups: 72 (72.0%) porcine and 39 (34.2%) poultry isolates were ESBL producers. Escherichia coli isolates were chosen for further investigations. The most common ESBL gene was CTX-M-1 (79.3%). Most of the isolates belong to the commensal E. coli phylogroups. The porcine isolates could be divided into three phylogroups, while the distribution of the poultry isolates was more varied. In summary, ESBL-producing bacteria are prevalent in the faecal samples of the examined food-producing animals, with a dominance of the CTX-M-1 group enzymes and commensal E. coli phylogroups.
Contamination by antimicrobial-resistant enterobacteria isolated from cell phones and hands in a veterinary hospital
Authors: Hespanha Ana Carolina Valentim , Minto Bruno Watanabe , Cardozo Marita Vedovelli , Menezes Mareliza Possa De , Tasso Júlia Banhareli , Moraes Paola Castro 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHospital infections are of great relevance in human and animal health, and fomites are important in the spread of pathogens in hospital units. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of enterobacteria in the operating room of a veterinary hospital, the potential cross-contamination of samples, and to characterise the susceptibility profile of the isolates to antimicrobials. Sixty-five samples were collected from five different surgical procedures. These samples came from the hands and cell phones of the surgical team and pet owners, operating tables, and patients. Species detection was performed through polymerase chain reaction, genetic diversity by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and susceptibility to antimicrobials through an antibiogram.Escherichia coliandProteus mirabilisisolates were obtained from eight samples, from the hands of the anaesthesiologist, the pet owner, and the surgeon; the surgeon's, the nurse's and the anaesthesiologist's cell phones, and two surgical tables. Furthermore, PFGE showed high genetic diversity among the isolates, which showed multidrug resistance. The identification of multidrug-resistantE. coliandP. mirabilison cell phones of the surgical team is a major concern and, although no direct correlation was found, the isolation of these bacteria inside the clean area of the operating room shows the possibility of nosocomial transmission from cell phones to susceptible patients.
Irrigation wheat production constraints and opportunities in South Africa
Authors: Dube Ernest , Tsilo Toi J. , Sosibo Nondumiso Z. , Fanadzo Morris 
Published: September 2021

South Africa currently faces a wheat production crisis, suggesting that current policies, research and development projects may not be well aligned to farmer priorities. Through exploratory research, which included field inspections and farmer and researcher interviews, we identified the major constraints to irrigation wheat yield and explored opportunities for improving the yield and farmer profits. The dominant constraint to yield was identified as the low market price for grain, which makes farmers reluctant to invest in inputs for increasing wheat yield. Poor cultivar choice, cereal-based monocropping, the high cost of irrigation, inadequate irrigation water, low crop stands, soil acidity, no-till practices and red-billed quelea (Quelea quelea) birds are negatively impacting yields. Most importantly, we highlight a misalignment between current research efforts and farmer priorities. Recommendations for corrective measures necessary to improve yield and farmer profits are provided. This new knowledge will be useful to policymakers and researchers for better orienting investments in research and development projects aimed at addressing the current wheat production crisis in the country.
Significance:

We highlight a misalignment between current research efforts and farmer priorities in the wheat sector, and provide new knowledge for better orienting investments in research and development projects aimed at addressing the current wheat production crisis.
Viscoelastic Wave Propagation Simulation Using New Spatial Variable-Order Fractional Laplacians
Authors: Mu Xinru , Huang Jianping , Yang Jidong , Li Zhenchun , Ssewannyaga Ivan Mukiibi 
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACTTime-domain constant-Q (CQ) viscoelastic wave equations have been derived to efficiently model Q, but are known to break down in accuracy in describing CQ attenuation at low Q. In view of this, a new time-domain viscoelastic wave equation for modeling wave propagation in anelastic medium is evaluated based on Kjartansson’s CQ model to improve the accuracy in describing CQ attenuation at low Q. We use an approximate frequency-domain viscoelastic wave equation to replace the accurate frequency-domain viscoelastic wave equation. Then, a new time-domain wave equation is derived by converting the approximate viscoelastic wave equation from the frequency domain to the time domain. The newly derived viscoelastic wave equation consists of several Laplacian differential operators with variable fractional order. We use an arbitrary-order Taylor series expansion (TSE) to approximate the derived mixed domain fractional Laplacian operators, and realize the decoupling of the wavenumber and fractional order. Then, the proposed viscoelastic wave equation can be solved directly using the staggered-grid pseudospectral method (SGPSM). We evaluate the precision of the new viscoelastic wave equation by comparing the numerical solutions with the analytical solutions in homogeneous medium. Theoretical curve analysis and numerical results indicate that the proposed fractional viscoelastic wave equation has higher precision in describing CQ attenuation than that of the traditional fractional viscoelastic wave equation, especially for cases that P-wave quality factor QP is less than 10, and S-wave quality factor QS is less than 8. Furthermore, we use two numerical examples to verify the effectiveness of the TSE SGPSM in heterogeneous media. The discussion shows that the advantage of using our fractional viscoelastic wave equation over the traditional fractional viscoelastic wave equation is the higher precision in describing CQ attenuation at different frequency.
Diffraction from the PKP caustic B
Authors: Buchbinder Goetz G. R. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
Long-period energy preceding the PKPDF branch on long-period seismograms was identified as resulting from diffraction from the PKP caustic B. This conclusion is based on the measurements of the travel times, and, therefore, the slope of the travel times, on the amplitude decrease, and the very rapid dispersion of the periods of one earthquake of intermediate focal depth. Data from three deepfocus earthquakes support this interpretation. Thus, the long-period precursors are not due to the same cause as short-period precursors and are not produced by discontinuities in the transition zone between the inner and outer cores nor by structure in the inner core.
Generalized ray theory for shear dislocations
Authors: Helmberger Donald V. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
Generalized ray expansions of the P, SH, and SV displacement potentials resulting from a point-source dislocation are evaluated at the surface of a layered half-space. The Cagniard-de Hoop technique is used to obtain the transient response. The results of this analysis are used to construct synthetic seismograms for a shear dislocation on a vertical fault plane. Comparisons of synthetic and observed seismograms for the Borrego Mountain earthquake (April 9, 1968) at teleseismic distances indicate an equivalent point-source depth of 9 km with the far-field time function approximated by a step function with an exponential decay. This time function fits both the P and S wave forms. The apparent shift in corner frequency between the P and S waves for shallow events, as reported by some investigators, is explained by surface reflections.
Microearthquake study of the Elsinore fault zone, Southern California
Authors: Langenkam David , Combs Jim 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMicroearthquakes along the Elsinore fault zone, southern California, were monitored during the summer and fall of 1972. Four arrays of at least five portable, high-gain, seismographs were operated for about 12 days each from the vicinity of Corona to just north of the Mexican border. Over 5,000 hr of noisefree records were accumulated and analyzed. The recorded rates of seismic activity show a marked increase going from north to south along the fault— 0.5 events per day in the vicinity of Lake Elsinore to 3.7 events per day in the south near Monument Peak. Fifty-three events located, assuming a four-layer crustal-velocity model, show considerable scatter along the fault and are generally very shallow, averaging 3.3 km below sea level. A signal duration (D) versus magnitude (M) relationship was found: M = −1.9+2.0 log D. First motions of the located earthquakes indicate a complex pattern of faulting along the Elsinore fault zone. In comparison to the San Jacinto Fault to the east, the Elsinore Fault shows very little strike-slip displacement and is a seismically quiet area except for a localized area of east-west faulting in the far south near Vallecito Mountain.
Aftershocks of the Managua, Nicaragua, earthquake of December 23, 1972
Authors: Langer C. J. , Hopper M. G. , Algermissen S. T. , Dewey J. W. 
Published: September 2021

abstract
Epicenters determined from 164 of the Managua aftershocks define two seismic zones. The primary zone, which is 15 to 20 km in length and strikes northeast along the Tiscapa-Ciudad Jardin fault system, contains 80 per cent of the aftershock locations. A subsidiary zone, northwest of Managua, suggests strain release possibly related to the north-south striking San Judas fault. Depth of foci are principally in the upper 7 km for both zones. Composite fault-plane solutions indicate a predominate left-lateral strike-slip displacement; the preferred planes for each zone agree with the strike of surface fractures or previously mapped faults.
Crustal strain measurements in Nevada
Authors: Priestley Keith 
Published: September 2021

abstract
Strain measurements at two sites in central Nevada, Round Mountain and Mina, indicate that, in this area of the Basin and Range, strain rates are less than 2 × 10−6 per year. These observations are in agreement with estimated spreading rates and geodetic measurements in the Great Basin. The general agreement between strain-meter observations at Round Mountain and nearby focal mechanism solutions suggests that we are observing strain accumulation in this area. The long-term strain at Mina is more variable, but generally agrees with earthquake focal mechanism solutions. The strain rate, in conjunction with the high seismicity of the Mina area, suggests that strain has already accumulated and is presently being released through inelastic processes.
Fault parameters determined by near- and far-field data: The Wakasa Bay earthquake of March 26, 1963
Authors: Abe Katsuyuki 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The source process of the Wakasa Bay earthquake (M = 6.9, 35.80°N, 135.76°E, depth 4 km) which occurred near the west coast of Honshu Island, Japan, on March 26, 1963, is studied on the basis of the seismological data. Dynamic and static parameters of the faulting are determined by directly comparing synthetic seismograms with observed seismograms recorded at seismic near and far distances. The De Hoop-Haskell method is used for the synthesis. The average dislocation is determined to be 60 cm. The overall dislocation velocity is estimated to be 30 cm/sec, the rise time of the slip dislocation being determined as 2 sec. The other fault parameters determined, with supplementary data on the P-wave first motion, the S-wave polarization angle, and the aftershocks, are: source geometry, dip direction N 144°E, dip angle 68°, slip angle 22° (right-lateral strike-slip motion with some dip-slip component); fault dimension, 20 km length by 8 km width; rupture velocity, 2.3 km/sec (bilateral); seismic moment, 3.3 × 1025 dyne-cm; stress drop, 32 bars. The effective stress available to accelerate the fault motion is estimated to be about 40 bars. The approximate agreement between the effective stress and the stress drop suggests that most of the effective stress was released at the time of the earthquake.
Prediction of peak ground motion from earthquakes
Authors: Orphal D. L. , Lahoud J. A. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
A statistical analysis shows that the peak horizontal accelerations recorded from the San Fernando earthquake of February 1971 attenuate with focal distance as R−1.39. This attenuation rate is nearly identical to that reported for peak accelerations from underground nuclear explosions. Assuming that the derived attenuation is independent of source parameters and using data from a number of other California earthquakes, the scaling of peak horizontal acceleration with magnitude was determined statistically. Assuming that the attenuation of peak velocity and displacement with distance is identical for earthquakes and underground nuclear explosions, the scaling of earthquake peak velocity and displacement with magnitude was also determined. The equations resulting from these analyses are: a = 6.6 × 10−2 100.40MR−1.39, v = 7.26 × 10−1 100.52M R−1.34 and d = 4.71 × 10−2 100.57MR−1.18, where a, v, and d are maximum acceleration (g), velocity (in centimeters per second) and displacement (in centimeters), respectively, M is the local magnitude, and R is the focal distance (in kilometers). In this analysis, no attempt was made to account for effects of recording site geology.