bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the accuracy of wood moisture content estimation in four European softwoods from Spain
Authors: Conde Garcia Maria , Conde Garcia Marta , Fernández-Golfín Juan I. 
Published: February 2021

Aim of study: To obtain improved models to predict, with an error of less than ± 2.0%, the gravimetric moisture content in four different softwoods commonly present in the Spanish and European markets, based on electrical resistance measurements. This improved moisture content estimation is useful not only for assessing the quality of wood products, especially in the case of laminated products, during the transformation and delivery process, but also for accurately monitoring the evolution of moisture in wood present in bridges and buildings, which is of great importance for its maintenance and service life improvement.Area of study: The study was carried out on samples of Scots, laricio, radiata and maritime pines of Spanish provenances.Material and methods: On 50x50x20 mm3 solid wood samples (36 per species, 9 per condition), conditioned at 20ºC (±05ºC) and 40±5%, 65±5%, 80±5% or 90±5% Relative Humidity (RH), electrical resistance and oven-dry moisture content was measured. The Samuelsson's model was fitted to data to explain the relationship between the two variables. The accuracy of the model was evaluated by the use of an external sample.Main results: With the proposed mathematical functions the wood moisture content can be estimated with an error of ±0.9% in the four species, confirming the effectiveness of this nondestructive methodology for accurate estimation and monitoring of moisture content.Research highlights: our results allow the improvement of the moisture content estimation technique by resistance-type methodologies.Keywords: Resistance-type moisture meter; species correction.Abbreviations used: MC: Moisture content; RH: relative Humidity; R: electrical resistance; RP: wood electrical resistance measured parallel to the grain; RT: electrical resistance measured perpendicular (transversally) to the grain; GM-MC: gravimetrically measured moisture content.
Optimization of VFD Operations for Transporting Equipment of Packages
Authors: Urmoniene Lione , Dikun Jelena , Januteniene Jolanta 
Published: February 2021

This study is focused on the efficiency of automated transferring system of packages equipped by variable-frequency drive (VFD) and servo drive motor. It was found that rotation frequency of induction motors and linear speed of servo drive decisively affected the unit efficiency that operates in the periodic mode. The system duty cycle was divided in two separate parts taking into account time spans needed to complete the specific tasks by each separate equipment of the system. In order to reduce the power usage of the system, the duration of each part of cycle was extended. Lowered electricity consumption leads to the extension of each cycle’s stage operating times. Frequencies of motors and linear speed of servo drive motors were optimized depending on cycle stages duration. Optimized frequency and linear speed values were calculated and loaded into motors controllers, and the efficiency of each separate equipment was measured, as well as total efficiency of the system. Experimental system debugging using optimized parameters proved that system efficiency increases up to 60 %, and that is closely matched with calculated values.
Analysis, Design, and Actual Fabrication of a Hybrid Microstrip-SIW Bandpass Filter Based on Cascaded Hardware Integration at X-Band
Authors: Guvenli Kemal , Yenikaya Sibel , Secmen Mustafa 
Published: February 2021

In this paper, the Microstrip-Substrate Integrated Waveguide (M-SIW) bandpass filter is designed, simulated, and fabricated based on the theoretical analysis. The Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) highpass filter and the microstrip lowpass filter are combined in a hybrid design to achieve the M-SIW bandpass filter in the X-band. This design is more comprehensible and easier to achieve a bandpass filter at a desired frequency. The SIW highpass filter and the microstrip lowpass filter are connected in series to achieve the bandpass filter. To the measured results of the fabricated M-SIW bandpass filter, the center frequency is 10.20 GHz and the bandwidth is 2.40 GHz. When the analytical and measurement results are compared, the frequency change in the cut-off frequency is 6.02 % and the frequency change in the bandwidth is 8.74 %. It is generally seen that analytical, simulation, and measurement results are compatible with each other. The M-SIW bandpass filter can be broadly used in radar, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), and satellite technologies. The filters are simulated in Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Studio Suite.
Corps féminins, corps sociaux : les personnages féministes d’Eugénie Beaudry
Authors: Garneau Marie-Claude 
Published: February 2021

Cet article s’intéresse aux représentations des corps féminins dans les textesGunshot de Lulla West (pars pas)(2011),Le trou(2014) etSimone et le whole shebang(2016) de l’autrice dramatique Eugénie Beaudry. En nous appuyant notamment sur les concepts de sexage et d’appropriation de Colette Guillaumin (1992), de même que sur l’idée de la « conscience des dominées », formulée par Nicole-Claude Mathieu (2013 [1991]), nous entendons démontrer en quoi les corps des personnages féminins chez Beaudry sont en fait des corps à portée sociale, des représentations qui, en cherchant à se libérer des diverses formes d’appropriation (Guillaumin, 1992) auxquelles elles sont soumises, produisent des discours singuliers sur l’émancipation. Examinés sous cet angle, les textes de Beaudry révèlent une diversité de représentations des femmes qui nous renseignent tout autant sur des enjeux sociopolitiques d’envergure que sur les potentialités de la fiction féministe.
Antigone à Montréal : Alexis. Una tragedia greca de Motus
Authors: Sacco Daniela 
Published: February 2021

Cet article analyse Alexis. Una tragedia greca, le spectacle de la compagnie italienne Motus présenté à Montréal dans le cadre du Festival TransAmériques (FTA) en juin 2012. La réflexion est concentrée sur l’opération métathéâtrale et documentaire proposée par Motus à travers son utilisation du montage, de la citation et du geste. Le spectacle est ici situé en comparaison avec les Antigone de Bertolt Brecht et du Living Theatre, et considéré dans le rapport qu’il instaure avec le contexte politique et culturel particulier du Québec.
The Changing Landscape of Open Access Publishing: Can Open Access Publishing Make the Scholarly World More Equitable and Productive?
Authors: Dudley Richard G. 
Published: February 2021

Almost 50% of scholarly articles are now open access in some form. This greatly benefits scholars at most institutions and is especially helpful to independent scholars and those without access to libraries. It also furthers the long-standing idea of knowledge as a public good. The changing dynamics of open access (OA) threaten this positive development by solidifying the pay-to-publish OA model which further marginalizes peripheral scholars and incentivizes the development of sub-standard and predatory journals. Causal loop diagrams (CLDs) are used to illustrate these interactions.
Genetic structure and historical and contemporary gene flow ofAstyanaxmexicanusin the Gulf of Mexico slope: a microsatellite-based analysis
Authors: Pérez-Rodríguez Rodolfo , Esquivel-Bobadilla Sarai , Orozco-Ruíz Adonaji Madeleine , Olivas-Hernández José Luis , García-De León Francisco Javier 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundAstyanax mexicanusfrom the river basins of the Gulf of Mexico slope are small freshwater fish that usually live in large groups in different freshwater environments. The group is considered successful due to its high capacity for dispersal and adaptation to different habitats, and the species present high morphological variability throughout their distribution in Mexico. This has produced the most extreme morphotype of the group; the hypogeous or troglobite, which has no eyes or coloration, and is probably the cause of taxonomic uncertainty in the recognition of species across the entire range. Most studies ofA. mexicanushave mainly focused on cave individuals, as well as their adjacent surface locations, providing an incomplete evolutionary history, particularly in terms of factors related to dispersal and the potential corridors used, barriers to gene flow, and distribution of genetic variability. The aim of the present study is to determine the population structure and the degree and direction of genetic flow in this complex taxonomic group, incorporating geographic locations not previously included in analyses using microsatellite loci. Our aim is to contribute to the knowledge of the intricate evolutionary history ofA. mexicanusthroughout most of its range.MethodsThe present study included a set of several cave and surface locations ofA. mexicanus, which have been widely sampled along the Gulf of Mexico slope, in a genetic population analysis using 10 microsatellite loci.ResultsTen genetic populations or lineages were identified. In these populations, gene flow was recorded at two time periods. Historical gene flow, both inter and intra-basin, was observed among surface populations, from surface to cave populations, and among cave populations, whereas recording of contemporary gene flow was limited to intra-basin exchanges and observed among surface populations, surface to cave populations, and cave populations.
Comparison of microleakage between different restorative materials to restore marginal gap at crown margin
Authors: Haralur Satheesh B. , AL Ghaseb Ghaseb Ahmed , Alqahtani Norah Ali , Alqahtani Bader 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundAn occurrence of secondary caries around the indirect restoration margin is reported to remain a leading cause of failures.ObjectiveThis study aimed to test the interfacial microleakage of conventional glass-ionomer (CGI), resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) and Nano-hybrid composite (CR) restorations at a full veneer margin crown.MethodsNinety human extracted molar teeth were divided into three groups (n= 30). Each group was subdivided into three subgroups (n= 10) according to the extent of the structural defects; The structural defect in G1 had a depth of 1.5 mm, width and length at 2 mm and 1 mm intrusion within the crown cervical margin. The corresponding structural defect dimension values for G2 were 2, 5, 4 and 2 mm with defects extending onto the root structure. Meanwhile, G3: structural deficiency of 2 mm depth, 3 mm width and 3 mm length and with 1.5 mm extension into the prepared teeth. These structural defects in each subgroup were restored with CGI, RMGI and CR. Artificial carious lesion formation was induced at the cervical finish line with a demineralizing solution. The artificial carious lesions were restored as per the group distribution. Subsequently, teeth samples were prepared and cemented with Nickel-chromium full coverage restorations utilizing glass-ionomer luting cement. Teeth samples were thermocycled, isolated with nail varnish, and immersed in 0.1% methylene blue for 24 h. The teeth samples were sectioned longitudinally, dye penetration was evaluated with a stereomicroscope. The data were analyzed with Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–WhitneyUtests.ResultsCGI-G1 recorded the highest micro-leakage score at 1.450; while CR-G3 recorded the least score (0.350). At a cementum-restoration interface, CR-G1 (0.850) documented the lowest micro-leakage; RMGI-G3 had a greater value at 1.700.ConclusionsThe hybrid CR could be effectively used to restore the restoration of a marginal gap around crown margins.
Societal Cost of Opioid Use in Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis Patients in the United States
Authors: Huizinga Jamie L. , Stanley Elizabeth E. , Sullivan James K. , Song Shuang , Hunter David J. , Paltiel A. David , Neogi Tuhina , Edwards Robert R. , Katz Jeffrey N. , Losina Elena 
Published: February 2021

ObjectiveSymptomatic knee osteoarthritis (SKOA) is a chronic, disabling condition, requiring long‐term pain management; over 800,000 SKOA patients in the US use opioids on a prolonged basis. We aimed to characterize the societal economic burden of opioid use in this population.MethodsWe used the Osteoarthritis Policy Model, a validated computer simulation of SKOA, to estimate the opioid‐related lifetime and annual cost generated by the US SKOA population. We included direct medical, lost productivity, criminal justice, and diversion costs. We modeled the SKOA cohort with a mean ± SD age of 54 ± 14 years and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index pain score of 29 ± 17 (0–100, 100 = worst). We estimated annual costs of strong ($1,381) and weak ($671) opioid regimens using Medicare fee schedules, Red Book, the Federal Supply Schedule, and published literature. The annual lost productivity and criminal justice costs of opioid use disorder (OUD), obtained from published literature, were $11,387 and $4,264, per‐person, respectively. The 2015–2016 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey provided OUD prevalence. We conducted sensitivity analyses to examine the robustness of our estimates to uncertainty in input parameters.ResultsAssuming 5.1% prevalence of prolonged strong opioid use, the total lifetime opioid‐related cost generated by the US SKOA population was estimated at $14.0 billion, of which only $7.45 billion (53%) were direct medical costs.ConclusionLost productivity, diversion, and criminal justice costs comprise approximately half of opioid‐related costs generated by the US SKOA population. Reducing prolonged opioid use may lead to a meaningful reduction in societal costs that can be used for other public health causes.
Fibrous Hydrogels under Multi‐Axial Deformation: Persistence Length as the Main Determinant of Compression Softening
Authors: de Almeida Paula , Janmey Paul A. , Kouwer Paul H. J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWhen hydrogels are designed for biological applications, the mechanical properties are carefully chosen to match their precise application. However, traditional methodologies of mechanical characterization (simple shear or compression/extension) commonly ignore the multiaxiality of in vivo deformations. A recent study highlights that biopolymers and tissue indeed show a complex response to combined uniaxial and shear strains. In this study a synthetic yet biomimetic fibrous hydrogel is used, which is based on polyisocyanides and forms a self‐assembled network of branched semiflexible chains, similar in architecture networks of structural biopolymers like actin, collagen, and fibrin. Its synthetic nature allows to decouple key parameters of these networks and individually understand their impact on the mechanical response under multiaxial deformation. Experimentally, it is found that the persistence length is a key parameter of biological networks, which tunes softening of gels under compression: The stiffer the polymer, the more the network softens in compression. This study provides insights into tissue behavior that likely is only obtainable from synthetic model systems and is able to direct further the design of new synthetic biomimetic soft materials that are in high demand as tunable bio‐free extracellular matrix materials.
Emerging Porous Solid Electrolytes for Hydroxide Ion Transport
Authors: Kang Dong Won , Kang Minjung , Yun Hongryeol , Park Hyein , Hong Chang Seop 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAnion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) offer several advantages over proton exchange membrane fuel cells, such as the use of a non‐precious metal catalyst, but these cells suffer from various issues related to OH–‐conducting electrolytes, including low conductivity and the formation of K2CO3 salt. These issues need to be resolved for the widespread use of AEMFCs. Recently, many studies have focused on developing excellent ion‐conductive electrolytes using porous materials based on metal–organic and covalent organic frameworks. However, most of this research is biased toward proton‐conducting electrolytes; to the best of the authors’ knowledge, reviews addressing OH–‐conducting electrolytes using porous materials have not been reported thus far. This review discusses OH–‐conducting porous crystalline materials and their membranes in terms of different synthetic strategies, conduction mechanisms, and experimental modalities for the design and development of future anion conductive electrolytes in fuel cells.
0D, 1D, and 2D Supramolecular Nanoassemblies of a Porphyrin: Controllable Assembly, and Dimensionality‐Dependent Catalytic Performances
Authors: Li Peng , Xu Guojing , Wang Nannan , Guan Bo , Zhu Shuiqing , Chen Penglei , Liu Minghua 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWhile tremendous advances have been made in dimensionality‐dependent performances of inorganic‐based low‐dimensional nanostructures, paradigms concerning π‐conjugated molecule‐based supramolecular nanoassemblies are relatively fewer despite their various intrinsic advantages. It is herein reported that 0D, 1D, and 2D supramolecular nanostructures of a porphyrin, 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(4‐aminophenyl)‐21H,23H‐porphine, with a spherical, fibrous and sheetlike architecture, respectively, could be fabricated via a reprecipitation protocol. As a typical example to demonstrate their dimensionality‐dependent optoelectronic performances, it is shown that the nanomaterials could serve as photocatalysts for water remediation, where the catalytic reactivity exhibits a trend of nanofibers>nanospheres>nanosheets. The superior catalytic reactivity of the nanofibers stems from the formation of relatively well‐defined J‐aggregates with orderly and tightly organized chromophores, conferring them with strong photoinduced electron–hole transport and separation capability. The higher catalytic reactivity of the nanospheres than nanosheets results from their larger specific surface area, which facilitates efficient accessibility of photogenerated charge carriers, although the porphyrins therein form unspecific J‐aggregates with disorderly and loosely stacked chromophores. The investigation likely initiates a simple method for π‐conjugated molecule‐based 0D, 1D and 2D nanoassemblies by using the same tectons, based on which the highlighted underlying scientific insights might provide useful clues for rational design of organic‐based low‐dimensional advanced soft materials.
Polymerization‐Mediated Multifunctionalization of Living Cells for Enhanced Cell‐Based Therapy
Authors: Pan Chao , Li Juanjuan , Hou Weiliang , Lin Sisi , Wang Lu , Pang Yan , Wang Yufeng , Liu Jinyao 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSurface decoration of living cells by exogenous substances offers a unique tool for understanding and tuning cell behaviors, which plays a critical role in cell‐based therapy. Here, a facile yet versatile approach for decorating individual living cells with multimodal coatings is reported. By simply co‐depositing with dopamine under a cytocompatible condition, various functional small molecules and polymers can be encoded to form a multifunctional coating on a cell's surface. The accessibility and versatility of this method to decorate diverse cells, including bacteria, fungi, and mammalian cells is demonstrated. With the ability to tune surface functions, ligand co‐deposited gut microbiota is prepared as oral therapeutics for targeted treatment of colitis. Given the dual cytoprotective and targeting effects of the coating, decorated cells show more than 30‐times higher bioavailability in the gut and fourfold higher accumulation in the inflamed tissue in comparison with those of uncoated bacteria. Multimodal therapeutic cells further validate strikingly increased treatment efficacy over clinical aminosalicylic acid in colitis mice. Decorating with multifunctional coatings proposes a robust platform for developing multimodal cells for enhanced cell‐based therapy.
Desorption Electrospray Ionization (DESI) of Digital Polymers: Direct Tandem Mass Spectrometry Decoding and Imaging from Materials Surfaces
Authors: Amalian Jean‐Arthur , Mondal Tathagata , Konishcheva Evgeniia , Cavallo Gianni , Petit Benoît Eric , Lutz Jean‐François , Charles Laurence 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSequence‐defined synthetic polymers have recently emerged as an attractive medium to store information at the molecular level, where comonomers of the chains are defined as letters of an alphabet. The main read‐out methodology employed to retrieve such molecularly encoded information is tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), but a major current limitation remains the low storage capacity of readable chains. Ordering short oligomers at discrete locations onto surfaces to compose long messages is an attractive alternative to the difficult synthesis of long coded polymers. Yet, such surface storage requires a reliable sampling technique to be coupled on‐line with MS/MS. Because it combines fast surface extraction with efficient analyte ionization in ambient conditions, desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) is shown here to be perfectly suited to envisage bidimensional data storage. The present study demonstrates performances of DESI‐MS/MS at mapping oligomers used to write letters of a word, extracting digital labels from materials tagged for anticounterfeiting purposes, and imaging text written with coded polymeric inks.
A Palladium(0)‐Catalyzed C4 Site‐Selective C−H Difluoroalkylation of Isoquinolin‐1(2H)‐Ones
Authors: Zhu You‐Quan , Hui Li‐Wen , Zhang Shi‐Bo 
Published: February 2021

AbstractHerein, we report a Palladium(0)‐catalyzed C4 site‐selective C−H difluoroalkylation of isoquinolin‐1(2H)‐ones through a radical pathway. The present reaction enables the preparation of 2,2‐difluoro‐2‐(1‐oxo‐1,2‐dihydroisoquinolin‐4‐yl)acetates/acetamides through the direct cross‐coupling reaction of readily available isoquinolin‐1(2H)‐ones with 2‐bromo‐2,2‐difluoroacetates or 2‐bromo‐2,2‐difluoroacetamides. Therefore, this method provides an efficient and convenient approach to install a difluoroacetate or a difluoroacetamide moiety into bioactive molecules. Bioassay results showed that introduction of these difluorinated groups at C4 position was beneficial to improve their antiviral activity and compound 5 ab was found to exhibit similar antiviral activity with commercial Ningnanmycin.magnified image
Recent Advances in Photoredox‐Mediated Radical Conjugate Addition Reactions: An Expanding Toolkit for the Giese Reaction
Authors: Gant Kanegusuku Anastasia L. , Roizen Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPhotomediated Giese reactions are at the forefront of radical chemistry, much like the classical tin‐mediated Giese reactions were nearly forty years ago. With the global recognition of organometallic photocatalysts for the mild and tunable generation of carbon‐centered radicals, chemists have developed a torrent of strategies to form previously inaccessible radical intermediates that are capable of engaging in intermolecular conjugate addition reactions. This Review summarizes advances in photoredox‐mediated Giese reactions since 2013, with a focus on the breadth of methods that provide access to crucial carbon‐centered radical intermediates that can engage in radical conjugate addition processes.