bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Splenic Rupture in a COVID-19 Patient – Case Report
Authors: Crowley Anna C. , Magadia Raul R. , Lanpher Arianna B. 
Published: July 2021

Background: It is well known that Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes coagulation changes, requiring frequent monitoring for potential sequelae such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Non-traumatic splenic rupture is a rare and poorly understood occurrence in the clinical setting. Possible causes of nontraumatic splenic rupture include neoplasm, infection, inflammatory disease, iatrogenic and mechanical causes. Furthermore, increased intrasplenic tension, increased abdominal pressure, and thrombotic vascular occlusion are three possible mechanisms.
The Case: We report a case of splenic rupture in a COVID-19 patient. Our patient was a 52 year old black man, presenting with diarrhea and moderate dyspnea, who was found to be COVID-19 positive. He had a past medical history significant for end-stage renal disease, chronic anemia, and aortic valve replacement. In an otherwise uneventful, 7-day hospital course, the patient’s stay abruptly resulted in a nontraumatic splenic rupture and demise. In this report, we have evaluated the likelihood of COVID-19 causing splenic rupture in a patient with no prior splenic disease.
Conclusion: This case highlights the possibility of splenic rupture in otherwise normally recovering COVID-19 patients, particularly in the presence of comorbid conditions of renal failure and anticoagulation, with increased abdominal pressure during routine defecation. This information may assist in furthering the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and its life-threatening complications. In patients with COVID-19, non-traumatic splenic rupture should be considered as one of the differential diagnosis in patients who present with abdominal pain and early recognition of the same, owing to a high index of suspicion, can be lifesaving.
El cliente como partícipe de la marca y en decisiones empresariales, con influencia directa de las redes sociales
Authors: Gutiérrez Porcel Juan Pablo 
Published: July 2021

En la literatura digital y en los libros actuales que tratan la temática del marketing podemos encontrar un contexto en común: la influencia que tiene el consumidor-cliente sobre las decisiones empresariales, en la innovación de los productos y, en especial, sobre el contacto y servicios como valor que pretende recibir de las empresas.
Este artículo estudia los factores y aspectos que las organizaciones empresariales deberían considerar al momento de tomar decisiones, respecto a la coparticipación o trabajo conjunto que el cliente debería tener en la generación de valor para la empresa, su oferta, y el beneficio del mismo.
El resultado permite confirmar que las decisiones empresariales de MARCA respecto a cómo encarar el acercamiento con el mercado dependen en gran medida de los límites que pondrán los mismos clientes; utilizando métricas de canales; valor cuando ingresa a ser atendido en una página web; en la información que recibe cuando esta twiteando, facebookeando o chateando, etc. Todo esto se transformará en el valor primordial, tener fans de MARCA.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Bagian Tumbuhan melalui Metode STAD di Kelas IV SDN 1 Joho Kecamatan Pace Kabupaten Nganjuk
Authors: Fatimah Febriani Nur 
Published: July 2021

Materi pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam di tingkat Sekolah Dasar cukup luas. Pada proses pembelajaran perlu adanya bantuan media konkret untuk merangsang anak terlibat secara aktif dan bersemangat dalam kegiatan individu atau kelompok. Pada kegiatan pembelajaran peneliti menemukan bahwa tingkat pemahaman tentang bagian-bagian tumbuhan dan fungsinya siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 1 Joho masih rendah dikarenakan guru menjelaskan dengan ceramah dan contoh yang abstrak sehingga siswa kesulitan memahaminya. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, maka tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan pemecahan masalah melalui penerapan metode STAD (Student Teams Achievement Divisions). Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian tindakan kelas yang terdiri dari dua siklus. Pada masing -masing siklus dilakukan tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 1 Joho dengan jumlah siswa 19 anak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan secara sistematis dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dengan materi bagian-bagian tumbuhan dan fungsinya yang menerapkan pembelajaran dengan penerapan metode STAD dapat mengoptimalkan pembelajaran di kelas. Salah satunya meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hasil belajar siklus I sebesar 65 % meningkat menjadi 96 % pada siklus II atau mengalami peningkatan 31 %. Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode STAD ini termasuk metode pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving (CPS) untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas V/A di SDN Ambulu 01 Kabupaten Jember Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020
Authors: Andriani Eka 
Published: July 2021

Pembelajaran berkualitas merupakan proses belajar yang melibatkan siswa secara aktif dan kreatif, sehingga dapat tercipta suasana belajar lebih bersemangat dan menyenangkan. Guru dituntut untuk merencanakan suatu strategi pembelajaran yang efektif dan efiisen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan pembelajaran melalui model kooperatif tipe Creative Problem Solving (CPS) dalam upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas V/A pada materi jaring-jaring kubus dan balok di SD Negeri Ambulu 01 Kabupaten Jember Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan yang terdiri dari 2 siklus. Masing-masing siklus terdiri dari empat tahapan yaitu rencana tindakan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Berdasarkan data observasi diperoleh hasil peningkatan hasil belajar pada siswa kelas V/A SD Negeri Ambulu 01 Kabupaten Jember Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 melalui penerapan pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Creative Problrm Solving (CPS) pada materi jaring-jaring kubus dan balok. Hasil belajar siswa pada pra siklus sebesar 59,78, pada siklus I sebesar 62,17. Sedangkan pada siklus II sebesar 85,65.
Peranan Media Sosial Dalam Membangun Pertumbuhan Iman Jemaat Pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Kandou Dicky Alexander , Yunita Yunita 
Published: July 2021

Abstrak Wabah covid-19 yang melanda seluruh dunia di awal tahun 2020 telah menyebabkan kesusahan dan penderitaan bagi siapa saja. Akibat dari wabah ini memaksa semua orang untuk melakukan semaksimal mungkin aktivitasnya secara daring yang berbasis online. Ini dilakukan untuk menghindari kerumunan orang banyak guna pencegahan penularan covid-19. Media sosial menjadi pilihan utama dalam melakukan berbagai aktivitas sepeti belajar, bekerja, terlebih aktivitas keagamaan. Metode yag digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah metode deskriftif kualitatif. Peristiwa covid yang terjadi saat ini tentu mengharuskan umat Tuhan untuk melakukan ibadah di rumah masing-masing dengan mengikuti live streming secara daring, karena peribadatan secara offline tidak direkomendasikan pemerintah di masa pandemi. Pemanfaatan media sosial untuk tetap menjaga rohani dan pertumbuhan jemaat harus diupayakan oleh gereja. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan media sosial sebagai sarana dalam beribadah agar tetap tercipta pertumbuhan iman jemaat merupakan biblika, karena dimasa para jemaat mula-mula pun memulai peribadatan dari rumah ke rumah. Karena konsep ibadah yang tercatat di dalam Perjajian Lama dan Perjanjian Baru dapat menggambarkan bahwa essensi dari ibadah yang sebenarnya adalah hubungan pribadi yang intim antara manusia dengan Allahnya. Kata Kunci: Covid19, Media Sosial, Pertumbuhan Iman, Jemaat. AbstractThe covid-19 outbreak that hit the world in early 2020 has caused distress and suffering for everyone. The aftermath of this outbreak forced everyone to do their best online-based activities. This is done to avoid crowds to prevent the transmission of covid-19. Social media is the main choice in doing various activities such as studying, working, especially religious activities. The method used in the writing of this article is the qualitative descriptive method. The current covid event certainly requires God's people to perform worship in their homes by following live streming online, because offline worship is not recommended by the government during the pandemic. The use of social media to maintain spiritual and congregational growth should be pursued by the church. Therefore, the use of social media as a means of worship in order to keep the growth of the faith of the church is a biblical, because in the early church began to worship from house to house. Because the concept of worship recorded in the Old and New Testaments can describe that the essensi of worship is actually an intimate personal relationship between man and his God. Keywords: Covid19, Social Media, Faith Growth, Church.
Konsep Kelompok Sel Sebagai Revitalisasi Pendidikan Agama Kristen Dalam Gereja
Authors: Nainggolan Jhon Piter , Zega Yunardi Kristian 
Published: July 2021

AbstrakKelompok sel di gereja terhadap anak, remaja/pemuda, serta orangtua bertujuan untuk mengajar dan memperlengkapi pelayanan gereja sehingga terjadi multiplikasi. Kelompok sel harus diawali dengan melayani Tuhan, berdoa, dan berada dalam sebuah kesatuan. Kelompok sel merupakan kelompok kecil yang tidak lebih dari 12 orang untuk bertemu secara teratur sebagai sarana agar tiap anggota dapat mempelajari firman Tuhan dan membagikan pengalaman hidup dalam suasana persaudaraan yang akrab dan menyenangkan untuk bertumbuh pada pengenalan akan Yesus Kristus. Perlu adanya kegiatan kelompok sel di gereja karena ibadah yang dilaksanakan pada hari minggu, umumnya tidak akan dapat memenuhi kebutuhan tersebut karena ibadah hari minggu hanya komunikasi satu arah. Oleh karena itu, penulis dalam artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana prinsip kelompok sel sebagai revitalisasi pendidikan agama Kristen di gereja kepada setiap anggota jemaat. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah kelompok sel dapat menjadi salah satu metode yang ampuh bagi gereja untuk mencapai penyempurnaan orang-orang kudus dalam pekerjaan/pelayanan Tuhan (Ef. 4:13). Kata Kunci: Gereja; Kelompok Sel; Pendidikan Agama Kristen; Revitalisasi AbstractCell groups in the church for children, youth/youth, and parents aim to teach and equip church services so that multiplication occurs. The cell group must begin with serving God, praying, and being in oneness. Cell groups are small groups of no more than 12 people to meet regularly as a means so that each member can study God's word and share life experiences in a close and pleasant brotherly atmosphere to grow in the knowledge of Jesus Christ. There is a need for cell group activities in the church because worship held on Sundays, generally will not be able to meet these needs because Sunday worship is only one-way communication. Therefore, the author in this article aims to explain how the principle of cell groups as a revitalization of Christian religious education in the church to every member of the congregation. The result of this research is that cell groups can be a powerful method for the church to achieve the perfection of the saints in God's work/service (Eph. 4:13). Keywords: Church; Cell Groups; Christian education; Revitalization
Kajian Biblika Realita Peperangan Rohani Menurut Efesus 6:12
Authors: Wijaya Sutikno 
Published: July 2021

Abstrak Pada era modernisasi saat ini bannyak orang yang menganut paham rasionalisme sehingga banyak orang mengkesampingkan hal-hal yang bersifat rohani oleh sebab itu jurnal ini menguraikan akan realita peperangan rohani menurut efesus 6:12 agar para gerejaNya menyadari bahwa peperangan rohani itu bukanlah dongeng tapi bagian dari kehidupan kristen yang mesti dilakukan supaya tidak terjebak dalam tipu muslihat iblis dan mengalami kehidupan yang berkemenangan di dalam Tuhan Yesus. Metode yang digunakan dengan deskriptif kualitatif, pendekatannya melalui kajian biblika yaitu eksegesis (mengerti makna teks) dan analisa teks alkitab sesuai konteks yang ada. Kata Kunci: Realita, Peperangan, Rohani, Efesus 6:12. AbstractIn the current era of modernization, many people adhere to rationalism, so many people put aside spiritual things, therefore this journal describes the reality of spiritual warfare according to Ephesians 6:12 so that His churches realize that spiritual warfare is not a fairy tale but a part of life. Christians must do so they don't fall into the tricks of the devil and experience a victorious life in the Lord Jesus. The method used is descriptive qualitative, the approach is through biblical studies, namely exegesis (understanding the meaning of the text) and analysis of biblical texts according to the existing context. Keywords: Reality, War, Spiritual, Ephesians 6:12.
Postulados para la consideración europea de la crisis de refugiados del Mar Mediterráneo
Authors: Banchio Pablo Rafael 
Published: July 2021

El incremento de los flujos migratorios por el corredor entre África del norte y Europa desencadenó la llamada “crisis de refugiados del Mediterráneo”. Precarias embarcaciones transportando a migrantes en tránsito y con ellos, las noticias de que miles morían en el mar, huyendo de la guerra y el hambre, en su intento de llegar a la “Fortaleza Europa”.
La respuesta de la Unión Europea ha estado fluctuando entre el control y los derechos como parte del enfoque de la gestión migratoria, traducido en marcos jurídicos y discursivos donde aparecen ambas miradas, por un lado, declara la guerra contra los traficantes de personas y por otro impone prácticas y regímenes de seguridad y control que utilizan el miedo como pretexto para estigmatizar a los migrantes, impulsar su expulsión, impedir su llegada e incrementar su rechazo, olvidando , una vez más, que esas migraciones -consecuencia de las grandes desigualdades existentes, causadas en gran parte por sus propias políticas- son un problema europeo.
En este trabajo fundamentaremos nuestra posición respecto que la crisis migratoria es un problema europeo por: a) razones históricas: los países europeos fueron una fuente de emigración masiva hacia América, África, Asia y Oceanía mientras iban conquistando y colonizando; b) político-sociales: la migración, como una fuerza laboral “desechable” -disposable labor- se entrelaza con las historias coloniales e imperiales entre regiones donde se establecieron categorías raciales, de género y clase que siguen vigentes y c) legales: comenzando con los tres pilares de la Unión Europea en la era post-Maastricht, a través de la fase intermedia de la era post-Amsterdam y también mediante el uso de acuerdos internacionales, como el Convenio de Schengen de 1985 y el Tratado de Dublín de 1990.
Understanding Geologic Uncertainty in Mining Studies
Authors: Carlson Roderick 
Published: July 2021

Editor’s note: The Geology and Mining series, edited by Dan Wood and Jeffrey Hedenquist, is designed to introduce early-career professionals and students to a variety of topics in mineral exploration, development, and mining, in order to provide insight into the many ways in which geoscientists contribute to the mineral industry.

Abstract
The role of geology in advanced mining studies, such as feasibility studies, is commonly dwarfed by the technical inputs from mining, metallurgical, and social license issues. Understanding and planning for geologic risk in the feasibility process is often overlooked for the higher-profile aspects required to establish an ore reserve. If the geologic model of a deposit cannot be reliably forecast, then there will be lower confidence in many of the modifying factors (which include mining, processing, environmental, social, governmental, and economic factors that influence the conversion of identified mineral resources into economic reserves). Understanding geologic risk requires characterization of all the chemical, physical, and spatial properties of mineralization and waste that form part of the mined material. It is essential to understand the scope of the professionals who use geoscientific data in order to assist the outcomes of the study, with the data types first identified, then collected in a comprehensive manner, and finally interpreted at the appropriate time to contribute to the outcomes of the study. If the study is not comprehensive, remedial collection of data is required at a cost to development timeline and budget; a worse scenario is that the development fails economically after it is built.
Developing projects to a construction stage after a mining study typically involves international standards of assessment and verification, although the standards of geoscientific data collection differ between companies and countries. For this reason, recent efforts by international bodies such as the Committee for Mineral Reserves International Reporting Standards (CRIRSCO) are assisting many countries to work toward a standardized terminology in a feasibility study. There are many examples where the mining outcomes have not met the feasibility study forecast, with variable causes for a failure to deliver to plan; geoscientific data shortfalls often contribute significantly to these negative outcomes. Examination of case histories, knowledge of international standards for risk reporting, advances in measurement technology, and an understanding of the end users of geoscientific data will help geologists to better prepare the scope of a feasibility study for a potential mine, in order to deliver a product with lower risk related to geologic uncertainty.
Error-Proofing Diamond Drilling and Drill Core Measurements
Authors: Orpen John , Orpen David 
Published: July 2021

Editor’s note: The Geology and Mining series, edited by Dan Wood and Jeffrey Hedenquist, is designed to introduce early-career professionals and students to a variety of topics in mineral exploration, development, and mining, in order to provide insight into the many ways in which geoscientists contribute to the mineral industry.

Abstract
The diamond drill is the most productive tool available for the earth scientist to explore and map the subsurface. However, the quality of the information obtained for analysis and modeling depends on how well the processes involved are understood so as to eliminate systematic and human error and effectively minimize the variables causing random error. This overview of the quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedures required to manage these errors starts with the planning phase of a drilling program and goes through drill rig setup, borehole depth measurement, core recovery measurement, core depth registration, core orientation, borehole survey, and borehole path reconstruction. An outline follows of the methods used in the logging process to accurately depth reference the data recorded from both core and bore, as well as to ensure that the angles measured for structures are verified and correctly rotated to derive their in situ dip and dip direction or plunge and trend. To conclude, the provisions required for effective audits of the drilling and logging QA/QC processes are discussed: testing for inconsistencies, certifying that standards have been achieved, reporting on weaknesses, and making recommendations for improved performance.
Geology and Mining: Mineral Resources and Reserves: Their Estimation, Use, and Abuse
Authors: Jowitt Simon M. , McNulty Brian A. 
Published: July 2021

Editor’s note: The Geology and Mining series, edited by Dan Wood and Jeffrey Hedenquist, is designed to introduce early-career professionals and students to a variety of topics in mineral exploration, development, and mining, in order to provide insight into the many ways in which geoscientists contribute to the mineral industry.

Abstract
Resource and reserve estimation is a critical step in mine development and the progression from mineral exploration to commodity production. The data inputs typically change over time and reflect variations in geoscientific knowledge as well as the modifying factors required by regulation for estimating a reserve. These factors include mineral (ore) processing, metallurgical treatment of the ore, infrastructure requirements for mine and workforce, and the transportation of processed products to buyers; others that will affect the production of metals and/or minerals from a deposit include economic, marketing, legal, environmental, social, and governmental factors. All are needed by the mining industry to quantify the contained mineralization within mineral deposits that likely warrant the significant capital investment required to build a mine. However, these resource and reserve data are estimates that change over time due to unpredicted variations in the initial inputs. Paramount to the two estimates are the quality and accuracy of the geologic inputs and the communication of these to the professionals tasked with making each estimate. Geostatistical processing of the grade of the resource has become a dominant element of the estimation process, but this requires transparent and informed communication between geologists and mining engineers with the geostatistician responsible for mathematically processing the grade data. Regulatory constraints also mean that estimated resources and reserves seldom capture the full extent of a mineral deposit. Similarly, co- and by-product metals and minerals that are commonly produced by mines may not be captured by resource and reserve estimates because of their limited economic contribution. This suggests that reporting standards for co- and by-products—particularly for the critical metals that may have a sharp increase in demand—need improvement. Finally, the importance of these data to the mining industry is such that informing investors and the broader public about the nature of resource and reserve estimates, and the meaning of associated terminology, is also essential when considering the global metal and mineral supply, and the role of mining in modern society.