bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D active dynamic actuation model for offshore cranes
Authors: Fantuzzi Nicholas , Rustico Althea , Formenti Massimiliano , Ferreira Antonio J. M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe handling of offshore payloads is a critical operation that presents numerous challenges, in particular related to the required precision in controlling their oscillations in a safe and accurate manner. The uncontrolled payload oscillations induced by the rolling movement of the vessel have been historically mitigated by the experience of on‐deck operators by means of taglines. The availability of experienced personnel is not always present, and a manual control operation still presents inconsistent performances and a high risk for the safety of men and machines. This study presents a novel approach to an antisway control conceived to mitigate such problems and possibly to automate some of the operations concerning the payload sway control that are currently done manually. In particular, a system consisting of a translating trolley actuated through a proportional–integral–derivative controller is taken into consideration to mitigate the oscillations induced by the vessel's rolling and pitching motion onto a three‐dimensional 8 degrees of freedom with double‐pendulum model representing the hanging payload. The study is completed through an analysis aimed to characterize the bandwidth and frequency response of the controlled closed‐loop system and highlight all the potential areas of interest for which further characterization is needed.
Marked host association and molecular evidence of limited transmission of ticks and fleas between sympatric wild foxes and rural dogs
Authors: Cevidanes A. , Ulloa‐Contreras C. , Di Cataldo S. , Latrofa M. S. , Gonzalez‐Acuña D. , Otranto D. , Millán J. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractWild and domestic carnivores share ectoparasites, although molecular evidence is lacking. The goals of this study were to describe tick and flea infestation in sympatric free‐ranging dogs Canis lupus familiaris (Linnaeus, 1758) (Carnivora: Canidae) and Andean foxes Lycalopex culpaeus (Molina, 1782) (Carnivora: Canidae) and to determine whether interspecific transmission occurs. Fleas and ticks retrieved from 79 foxes and 111 dogs in the human‐dominated landscapes of central Chile were identified and a subset of specimens characterized by PCR and amplicon sequencing. Each ectoparasite species was clearly associated with a host: abundance and occurrence of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille 1806) (Acari: Ixodidae) and Ctenocephalides spp. (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) were significantly higher in dogs than in foxes, whereas the opposite was true for Amblyomma tigrinum (Koch, 1844) (Acari: Ixodidae) and Pulex irritans (Linnaeus, 1758) (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). Genetic analyses of a subset of ectoparasites revealed that dogs and foxes shared a limited number of nucleotide sequence types, suggesting that the interspecific transmission of these ectoparasites happens infrequently. Data also indicated that the ecological association and biological cycles of ticks and fleas determine the ectoparasite fauna of sympatric carnivores. In conclusion, our study shows that cross‐species transmission should be assessed at a molecular level.
Recurrent cerebellar infarction due to vertebral artery dissection in an athetotic patient
Authors: Oono Miki , Nodera Hiroyuki , Sanada Mitsuru , Iizuka Hideaki , Kawahara Norio , Matsui Makoto 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA 42‐year‐old man with longstanding athetotic‐type cerebral palsy and history of cervical spine fusion surgery was affected by multiple episodes of vertebral artery dissections, resulting in bilateral cerebellar infarction. Continuous involuntary movements noted in the upper limbs and neck, as well as a limited cervical range of motion due to the operation might have precipitated the dissecting events.
A plant‐unique ESCRT component, FYVE4, regulates multivesicular endosome biogenesis and plant growth
Authors: Liu Chuanliang , Zeng Yonglun , Li Hongbo , Yang Chao , Shen Wenjin , Xu Min , Xiao Zhidan , Chen Tongsheng , Li Baiying , Cao Wenhan , Jiang Liwen , Otegui Marisa S. , Gao Caiji 
Published: March 2021

Summary

During evolution, land plants generated unique proteins that participate in endosomal sorting and multivesicular endosome (MVE) biogenesis, many of them with specific phosphoinositide‐binding capabilities. Nonetheless, the function of most plant phosphoinositide‐binding proteins in endosomal trafficking remains elusive.

Here, we analysed several Arabidopsis mutants lacking predicted phosphoinositide‐binding proteins and first identified fyve4‐1 as a mutant with a hypersensitive response to high‐boron conditions and defects in degradative vacuolar sorting of membrane proteins such as the borate exporter BOR1‐GFP.

FYVE4 encodes a plant‐unique, FYVE domain‐containing protein that interacts with SNF7, a core component of ESCRT‐III (Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport III). FYVE4 affects the membrane association of the late‐acting ESCRT components SNF7 and VPS4, and modulates the formation of intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) inside MVEs. The critical function of FYVE4 in the ESCRT pathway was further demonstrated by the strong genetic interactions with SNF7B and LIP5. Although the fyve4‐1, snf7b and lip5 single mutants were viable, the fyve4‐1 snf7b and fyve4‐1 lip5 double mutants were seedling lethal, with strong defects in MVE biogenesis and vacuolar sorting of ubiquitinated membrane proteins.

Taken together, we identified FYVE4 as a novel plant endosomal regulator, which functions in ESCRTing pathway to regulate MVE biogenesis.
4sc‐202 and Ink‐128 cooperate to reverse the epithelial to mesenchymal transition in OSCC
Authors: Yang Xi , Sun Tianyu , Zhao Yajing , Liu Shuying , Liang Xueyi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTreatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma remains a challenge due to a high incidence of treatment resistance, which is followed by tumor recrudescence and metastasis to the lymph nodes. Thus, it is important to explore novel inhibitors of OSCC. Here, we aimed to identify drugs that may cooperate with histone deacetylase inhibitors to reverse the EMT, inhibit EMT and cell migration and invasion, and contribute to therapeutic efficacy. We found that treatment with 4sc‐202 potently reversed the EMT and thereby inhibited cell migration and invasion in vitro, in part by inducing expression of the FoxO1 tumor‐suppressor gene. Furthermore, 4sc‐202 also synergized with Ink‐128 to inhibit tumor migration and invasion in vitro. Mechanistically, 4sc‐202 induced FoxO1 expression, whereas Ink‐128 promoted nuclear translocation of FoxO1. Our findings indicated that FoxO1 might reverse the EMT by interacting with Twist1 in OSCC. In conclusion, we identified an effective combination therapy involving class I histone deacetylase and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1/2 inhibition that effectively blocked the EMT of tumor cells by upregulating FoxO1 expression to inhibit Twist1 transcription. These data have implications for developing new targets for early diagnosis and treatment of OSCC.
Effect of probiotics on gingival inflammation and oral microbiota: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Jiaxuan , Liu Zhenmin , Huang Jiaqi , Tao Renchuan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTo evaluate the effect of probiotics on gingival inflammation and oral microbiota in patients suffering from plaque‐induced gingivitis. PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and EMBASE were electronically searched until December 2020. The quality of included studies was assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool. The differences were expressed as weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% of confidence interval (95% CI). I2 test was performed to evaluate the heterogeneity of the studies. All analyses were performed using Review Manager (version 5.3). Eleven randomized and controlled trials were included, enrolling 554 patients. All comparisons displayed that oral probiotics had no significant improvement in the Gingival Index (GI), Plaque Index (PI), and bleeding on probing (BOP) of patients with plaque‐induced gingivitis. In terms of microecology, no significant difference in the volumes of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), the concentration of IL‐1β, and the counts of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) were found between the probiotic group and the placebo group. There exists no clear evidence that oral probiotics have positive effect on gingival inflammation and oral microecological environment of patients with plaque‐induced gingivitis.
Associations between visual function and magnitude of refractive error for emmetropic to moderately hyperopic 4‐ and 5‐year‐old children in the Vision in Preschoolers ‐ Hyperopia in Preschoolers Study
Authors: Ciner Elise B , Kulp Marjean Taylor , Pistilli Maxwell , Ying Gui‐Shuang , Maguire Maureen , Candy T Rowan , Moore Bruce , Quinn Graham ,   the Vision In Preschoolers ‐ Hyperopia In Preschoolers (VIP‐HIP) Study Group
Published: March 2021

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate associations between visual function and the level of uncorrected hyperopia in 4‐ and 5‐year‐old children without strabismus or amblyopia.MethodsChildren with spherical equivalent (SE) cycloplegic refractive error of −0.75 to +6.00 on eligibility testing for the Vision in Preschoolers–Hyperopia in Preschoolers (VIP‐HIP) study were included. Children were grouped as emmetropic (<1D SE myopia or hyperopia), low hyperopic (+1 to <+3D SE) or moderate hyperopic (+3 to +6D SE). Children with anisometropia or astigmatism (≥1D), amblyopia or strabismus were excluded. Visual functions assessed were monocular distance visual acuity (VA) and binocular near VA with crowded HOTV charts, accommodative lag using the Monocular Estimation Method and near stereoacuity by ‘Preschool Assessment of Stereopsis with a Smile’. Visual functions were compared as continuous measures among refractive error groups.Results554 children (mean age 58 months) were included in the analysis. Mean SE (SD) {N} for emmetropia, low and moderate hyperopia were +0.52D (0.49) {N = 270}, +2.18D (0.57) {N = 171} and +3.95D (0.78) {N = 113}, respectively. There was a consistent trend of poorer visual function with increasing hyperopia (p < 0.001). Although all children had age‐normal distance VA, logMAR (Snellen) VA of 0.00 (6/6) or better was achieved (distance, near) among more emmetropic (52%, 26%) and low hyperopic (47%, 15%) children than moderate hyperopes (25%, 9%). Mean (SD) distance logMAR VA declined from emmetropic 0.05 (0.10), to low hyperopic 0.06 (0.10) to moderately hyperopic children 0.12 (0.11) (p < 0.001); A mild progressive decrease in near VA also was observed from the emmetropic 0.13 (0.11) to low hyperopic 0.15 (0.10) to moderate hyperopic 0.19 (0.11) groups, (p < 0.001). Accommodative responses showed an increased lag with increasing hyperopia (ρ = 0.50, p < 0.001). Median near stereoacuity for emmetropes, low and moderate hyperopes was 40, 60 and 120 sec arc, respectively. The percentage of these groups with no reduced near visual functions was 83%, 61%, and 34%, respectively.ConclusionsDecreasing visual function was associated with increasing hyperopia in 4‐ and 5‐year‐olds without strabismus or amblyopia. As hyperopia with reduced visual function has been associated with early literacy deficits, near visual function should be evaluated in these children.
Discovery and characterization of small molecule inhibitors of cystathionine gamma‐synthase with in planta activity
Authors: Bloch Itai , Haviv Hadar , Rapoport Irena , Cohen Elad , Shushan Rotem Shelly Ben , Dotan Nesly , Sher Inbal , Hacham Yael , Amir Rachel , Gal Maayan 
Published: March 2021

SummaryThe synthesis of essential amino acids in plants is pivotal for their viability and growth, and these cellular pathways are therefore targeted for the discovery of new molecules for weed control. Herein, we describe the discovery and design of small molecule inhibitors of cystathionine gamma‐synthase, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of methionine. Based on in silico screening and filtering of a large molecular database followed by the in vitro selection of molecules, we identified small molecules capable of binding the target enzyme. Molecular modelling of the interaction and direct biophysical binding enabled us to explore a focussed chemical expansion set of molecules characterized by an active phenyl‐benzamide chemical group. These molecules are bio‐active and efficiently inhibit the viability of BY‐2 tobacco cells and seedlings growth of Arabidopsis thaliana on agar plates.
Influence of Functional Groups on the Ene Reaction of Singlet Oxygen with 1,4‐Cyclohexadienes†
Authors: Fudickar Werner , Metz Melanie , Mai‐Linde Yasemin , Krüger Tobias , Kelling Alexandra , Sperlich Eric , Linker Torsten 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe photooxygenation of 1,4‐cyclohexadienes has been studied with a special focus on regio‐ and stereoselectivities. In all examples, only the methyl‐substituted double bond undergoes an ene reaction with singlet oxygen, to afford hydroperoxides in moderate to good yields. We explain the high regioselectivities by a “large‐group effect” of the adjacent quaternary stereocenter. Nitriles decrease the reactivity of singlet oxygen, presumably by quenching, but can stabilize proposed per‐epoxide intermediates by polar interactions resulting in different stereoselectivities. Spiro lactams and lactones show an interesting effect on regio‐ and stereoselectivities of the ene reactions. Thus, singlet oxygen attacks the double bond preferentially anti to the carbonyl group, affording only one regioisomeric hydroperoxide. If the reaction occurs from the opposite face, the other regioisomer is exclusively formed by severe electrostatic repulsion in a perepoxide intermediate. We explain this unusual behavior by the fixed geometry of spiro compounds and call it a “spiro effect” in singlet oxygen ene reactions.
LSD and ketanserin and their impact on the human autonomic nervous system
Authors: Olbrich Sebastian , Preller Katrin H. , Vollenweider Franz X. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe interest in lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) has sparked again due to its supposed positive effects on psychopathological conditions. Yet, most research focuses on the actions of LSD on the central nervous system. The interaction with the autonomic nervous system (ANS) has been neglected so far. Therefore, the aim was to assess the effects of LSD and the serotonin 2A receptor antagonist ketanserin on the ANS as assessed by heart rate variability (HRV) measures and their correlation with subjective drug‐induced effects in a randomized, placebo‐controlled crossover trial. Thus, ANS activity was derived from electrocardiogram recordings after intake of placebo, LSD or ketanserin, and LSD by calculating R‐peak‐based measures of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. Repeated measure ANOVA and partial correlation for HRV measures and subjective experience questionnaires were performed. LSD predominantly increased sympathetic activity, while ketanserin counteracted this effect on the ANS via an increase of parasympathetic tone. Sympathetic activity was positively and parasympathetic activity negatively associated with psychedelic effects of LSD. Furthermore, Placebo HRV measures predicted subjective experiences after LSD intake. The association between trait ANS activity and LSD‐induced subjective experiences may serve as a candidate biomarker set for the effectiveness of LSD in the treatment of psychopathological conditions.
Use of nutraceuticals in the stallion: Effects on semen quality and preservation
Authors: Bazzano Marilena , Laus Fulvio , Spaterna Andrea , Marchegiani Andrea 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNutritional supplements are widely used in the equine industry with the aim of improving horse health, sports or reproductive performances. Over the years, a number of studies have focused on investigating the effects of several dietary compounds on the quality and preservation of stallion semen. This paper reviews the literature available on the use of nutritional supplementation for the improvement of reproductive performance and semen quality in equine species, critically appraising the benefits and negative effects of several compounds found in complementary feeds such as PUFAs from different sources, vitamins and antioxidants, carnitine and botanical extracts. Different nutraceuticals have been highlighted to improve stallion fertility by providing optimal levels of antioxidants, with the most promising results obtained by the combination of PUFAs and antioxidants that resulted to be essential for the maintenance of normal reproductive functions and the reduction of cryodamage in cooled and frozen equine semen.
The Vaca Muerta transgression (Upper Jurassic), Neuquén Basin, Argentina: Insights into the evolution and timing of aeolian–marine transitions
Authors: Paz Maximiliano , Ponce Juan José , Mángano M. Gabriela , Buatois Luis A. , Carmona Noelia Beatriz , Wetzel Andreas , Pereira Egberto , Rodríguez Maximiliano Nicolás 
Published: March 2021

AbstractConsidering the evolution of aeolian to marine transitions for the geological record, either catastrophic or gradual transgressive scenarios showing high or low rates of coastal migration have been proposed. A critical evaluation of modern analogues suggests that a catastrophic transgression shares many characteristics with Holocene transgressions, yet they are caused by different rates of sea‐level rise. The present study provides insights into the evolution of aeolian to marine transitions in order to discuss these alternative scenarios of sea‐level rise. For this purpose, a sedimentological and ichnological analysis was carried out on ten stratigraphic sections of the Picún Leufú area, Argentina. There, marine deposits of the Vaca Muerta Formation accumulated over the aeolian deposits of the Quebrada del Sapo Formation during the early Tithonian. The sedimentary evolution of the transition can be summarized in: (i) a shutdown of aeolian dune field deposition, generating a planation surface in somewhat elevated areas and reworked megadunes in lowlands; (ii) beach sedimentation caused by episodic marine flooding that contributed to megadune reworking; and (iii) deposition in an embayed marginal‐marine setting at the coast, recorded by bay margin bindstone, proximal bay and distal bay sedimentation. This transition indicates very rapid coastline migration and a condensed Transgressive Systems Tract succession throughout the study area. Rates of sea‐level rise similar to Holocene ones (millimetres to centimetres per year) may have produced the transition between the Quebrada del Sapo and Vaca Muerta formations. The Late Jurassic represents a non‐glacial time, and the global sea‐level maximum highstand pre‐dated the Vaca Muerta transgressive event. Thus, part of the sea‐level rise has to be attributed to tectonic/thermal subsidence and compaction of underlying strata, which may have generated these atypical rapid rates of sea‐level rise.
Teaching and learning in multiplicative situations: A case study of tutoring an elementary school student with a learning disability
Authors: Hord Casey , Kastberg Signe , Draeger Andrea L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe researchers conducted a qualitative case study to describe the teaching and learning of a third grade student with a learning disability as he worked on multiplicative tasks with a tutor. The student’s strategies, at participatory and anticipatory levels of understanding, were analyzed to inform instructional decisions we made to support the student’s work. The teacher and the student utilized manipulatives, gestures, and diagrams to support their conversations about multiplicative situations. The student struggled with some multiplicative situations and the tutor made adjustments to the difficulties of the posed tasks and provided visual support for his memory and processing to respond to these struggles. We describe this student’s strengths as a problem‐solver and how he thrived when given the supports he needed and the opportunities to think critically as well as his struggles with tasks posed that were not yet within his reach as a learner. We also discuss the complexity of the challenging instructional decisions that teachers have to make with students like the participant in this study.
Infectious disease consultation is effective in boosting vaccine coverage in patients awaiting kidney transplantation: A French prospective study
Authors: Runyo Florence , Matignon Marie , Audureau Etienne , Vindrios William , Boueilh Anna , Gomart Camille , Grimbert Philippe , Gallien Sébastien , Melica Giovanna 
Published: March 2021

AbstractRecommended preventive strategies before kidney transplantation include screening and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and updating of the recommended vaccines. We prospectively evaluated in dedicated infectious diseases consultations, from 2014 to 2018, the clinical and vaccination data of new adult kidney allograft candidates. Patients were offered an updated vaccination schedule, if appropriate, and were screened for LTBI using chest imaging and interferon gamma release assay (IGRA). Overall, 467 patients with median age of 58 [46‐66] years were evaluated, of whom 302 patients (65%) were men (sex ratio 1.83), and 333 (71%) were on dialysis. Main causes of renal insufficiency were diabetes (25%) and autoimmune nephropathies (18%). The vaccination coverage was low and varied according to the different types of vaccines and patients. Vaccination or immunization rates were 24%, 6%, 54%, and 51% for tetanus‐diphtheria‐polio‐acellular pertussis, Pneumococcus, hepatitis B, and seasonal influenza, respectively. ID consultation successfully rose patients' vaccinations coverage, in fulfillment with recommendations, in 465 (99%) patients. LTBI treatment was administered in 78 (16.7%) patients and caused drug‐related adverse events in 9 (11%). A dedicated infectious disease consultation should become a critical tool for coordinating infection prevention strategies.
Altered strategy of prophylactic anti‐D administration in pregnancy to cover term and post‐term – a pilot study
Authors: Wikman Agneta , Mörtberg Anette , Jalkesten Elisabeth , Jansson Yvonne , Karlsson Anita , Tiblad Eleonor , Ajne Gunilla 
Published: March 2021

Background and objectiveRoutine antenatal anti‐D prophylaxis (RAADP) to RhD‐negative women is most often administered in gestational age (GA) 28–30 weeks with the next anti‐D dose administered postpartum. The aim of this study was to analyse the proportion of RhD‐negative women where RAADP is not detectable at term and in a pilot study to investigate whether RAADP administered in GA 28 and 38 results in detectable levels at term, post‐term and post‐delivery.Materials and methodsIn a retrospective analysis, 4280 RhD‐negative women carrying anRHDpositive fetus were included and the proportion with a negative antibody screen at delivery was determined. In the second part, 39 pregnancies were included prospectively, a second dose of RAADP was administered in GA 38 weeks, and anti‐D was quantified before the second dose and then weekly for 5 weeks.ResultsIn the retrospective analysis, 20·5% (856/4280) with RAADP administered in GA 28 were negative in routine antibody screening at delivery. In the small prospective study, 18% (7/39) had a negative antibody screen and 26% (10/39) had levels below 0·005 IU/ml, in the quantification assay, in GA 38. Anti‐D prophylaxis administered in GA 38 showed detectable levels of anti‐D up to 30 days post‐delivery, with concentration at delivery 0·060 ± 0·034 IU/ml (mean ± SD).ConclusionApproximately 20% of the RhD‐negative women show non‐detectable levels of anti‐D at term. A second dose of RAADP at GA 38 results in stable concentrations of anti‐D at term, post‐term and post‐delivery, but with large interindividual variation.