bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of axitinib versus sunitinib as first‐line therapy to patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the immune‐oncology era
Authors: Numakura Kazuyuki , Muto Yumin , Naito Sei , Hatakeyama Shingo , Kato Renpei , Koguchi Tomoyuki , Kojima Takahiro , Kawasaki Yoshihide , Kandori Syuya , Kawamura Sadafumi , Arai Yoichi , Ito Akihiro , Nishiyama Hiroyuki , Kojima Yoshiyuki , Obara Wataru , Ohyama Chikara , Tsuchiya Norihiko , Habuchi Tomonori 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAlthough combination immune checkpoint inhibitor (immuno‐oncology [IO]) therapy is the first‐line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), it mostly causes resistance and tumor regrowth. Therefore, an optimal second‐line therapy is necessary. Such therapy typically comprises vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (VEGFR‐TKIs). This study was aimed at comparing the efficacy of two TKIs—axitinib and sunitinib—in mRCC patients. From January 2008 to October 2018, we registered 703 mRCC patients from 8 Japanese institutes. Of these, 408 patients received axitinib or sunitinib as the first‐line treatment. Thereafter, efficacy and survival rate were compared between the axitinib and sunitinib groups. To reduce the effects of selection bias and potential confounders, propensity score matching analysis was performed. Axitinib and sunitinib were administered in 274 and 134 patients, respectively. More than 25% of the patients received nivolumab sequence therapy. To calculate the propensity scores for each patient, we performed multivariate logistic regression analysis. The objective response rate, progression‐free survival (PFS), cause‐specific survival, and overall survival (OS) were significantly better in the axitinib group than in the sunitinib group. Furthermore, the OS was better in the nivolumab‐treated patients in the axitinib group. Axitinib showed higher efficacy and afforded greater survival benefits than did sunitinib when administered as first‐line therapy in mRCC patients. Thus, from among VEGFR‐TKIs, axitinib might be a possible option for application in the middle of IO drug‐based treatment sequences.
NV14 from serine O‐acetyltransferase of cyanobacteria influences the antioxidant enzymes in vitro cells, gene expression against H2O2 and other responses in vivo zebrafish larval model
Authors: Velayutham Manikandan , Ojha Biswajeet , Issac Praveen Kumar , Lite Christy , Guru Ajay , Pasupuleti Mukesh , Arasu Mariadhas Valan , Al‐Dhabi Naif Abdullah , Arockiaraj Jesu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this study, we have identified a novel peptide NV14 with antioxidative functions from serine O‐acetyltransferase (SAT) of Artrospira platensis (Ap). The full sequence of ApSAT and its derived NV14 peptide “NVRIGAGSVVLRDV” (141–154) was characterized using bioinformatics tools. To address the transcriptional activity of ApSAT in response to induce generic oxidative stress, the spirulina culture was exposed to H2O2 (10 mM). The ApSAT expression was studied using RT‐PCR across various time points and it was found that the expression of the ApSAT was significantly upregulated on Day 15. The in vitro cytotoxicity assay against NV14 was performed in human dermal fibroblast cells and human blood leukocytes. Results showed that NV14 treatment was non‐cytotoxic to the cells. Besides, in vivo treatment of NV14 in zebrafish larvae did not exhibit the signs of developmental toxicity. Further, the in vitro antioxidant assays enhanced the activity of the antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD and CAT, due to NV14 treatment; and also significantly reduced the MDA levels, while increasing the superoxide radical and H2O2 scavenging activity. The expression of antioxidant enzyme genes glutathione peroxidase, γ‐glutamyl cysteine synthase, and glutathione S‐transferase were found to be upregulated in the NV14 peptide pretreated zebrafish larvae when induced with generic oxidative stress, H2O2. Overall, the study showed that NV14 peptide possessed potent antioxidant properties, which were demonstrated over both in vitro and in vivo assays. NV14 enhanced the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes at the molecular level, thereby modulating and reversing the cellular antioxidant balance disrupted due to the H2O2‐induced oxidative stress.
Pincer‐Type Phosphorus Compounds With Boryl‐Pendant And Application In Catalytic H2 Generation From Ammonia‐Borane: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Yang Deshuai , Bao Panqing , Yang Zhen , Chen Zhaoxu , Sakaki Shigeyoshi , Maeda Satoshi , Zeng Guixiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMetal‐free catalysts composed of heavy main group element(s) have been limited. Herein, a theoretical study unveils that pincer‐type phosphorus compound bearing a boryl‐pendant is good catalyst for H2 generation from ammonia borane through phosphorus‐boryl (P−B) cooperation function. Pincer‐type phosphorus compound without boryl‐pendant is not active for this reaction, indicating the important role of the P−B cooperation function.
Low‐Temperature Correlation of Property Data for Dilute Aqueous Lithium Bromide Solution
Authors: Fleßner Christian , Thraen Leonard , Ziegler Felix 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA new correlation for some transport properties of aqueous solutions, based on the data published by Sawada et al. [1], is proposed. The main objective of the new fit is to give a smooth transition to the properties of pure water to allow the use of the fit in the region of very dilute solutions. Additionally, the quality of the fit to the experimental data is improved compared to the original correlation. An extrapolation of the new correlation in the other direction, i.e., to higher mass fractions and temperatures, is smooth but does not fully capture the trend described by other experimental datasets. To this end, the correlation has to be refined further.
Accelerated Electrochemical Investigation of Li Plating Efficiency as Key Parameter for Li Metal Batteries Utilizing a Scanning Droplet Cell
Authors: Dieckhöfer Stefan , Schuhmann Wolfgang , Ventosa Edgar 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe scanning droplet cell (SDC) allows for automatized electrochemical experiments leading to time‐saving and reproducible experimental conditions. Its implementation for non‐aqueous battery research is discussed, and the necessary adaptations to be operated inside an Ar‐filled glovebox in complete absence of oxygen and moisture are described. Due to the importance of the use of Li metal electrodes for next‐generation high‐energy batteries, the complex multi‐parameter optimisation of the Li plating/stripping processes are investigated by means of the SDC. In particular, the influence of pulsed Li plating protocols on the coulombic efficiency is evaluated. The results clearly show that fine tuning of the parameters of pulsed Li plating protocols, i. e. the relaxation period and Li plating duration, is required to improve Li plating efficiencies at high current densities.
Forage production and steer performance in fertilized smooth bromegrass and smooth bromegrass–legume pastures
Authors: Hillhouse Heidi , Schacht Walter , Anderson Bruce , MacDonald James , Soper Jonathan M , Brink Kelly 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSmooth bromegrass is a commonly used cool‐season pasture grass that responds favorably to annual spring fertilization, but annual fertilizer applications require annual inputs of both time and expense. This study was conducted to determine if interseeding legumes into established smooth bromegrass pasture is a viable alternative to spring fertilization. Steers (Bos taurus) were rotationally grazed in either fertilized smooth bromegrass pastures or smooth bromegrass pastures interseeded with legumes. Data were collected on forage production, forage available at the beginning of each grazing rotation, steer weight gain, and the number of grazing days. Total forage production for the growing season was not different between the pasture types, but fertilized pasture had greater available forage early in the growing season and interseeded pasture had greater forage production late in the growing season. Season‐long average daily gain of steers was not different between pasture types, but daily gains were greater in interseeded pasture late in the growing season and may be linked to proportionally greater abundance of legumes late in the season. Beef production ac–1 was higher in interseeded pastures, largely due to increased days of grazing. We found that interseeding legumes into established pasture can be a viable alternative to annual spring fertilization and may outperform fertilized pasture depending on the metric and growing conditions.
Diphenylalanine Motif Drives Self‐Assembling in Hybrid PNA‐Peptide Conjugates
Authors: Diaferia Carlo , Avitabile Concetta , Leone Marilisa , Gallo Enrico , Saviano Michele , Accardo Antonella , Romanelli Alessandra 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPeptides and nucleic acids can self‐assemble to give supramolecular structures that find application in different fields, ranging from the delivery of drugs to the obtainment of materials endowed with optical properties. Forces that stabilize the “suprastructures” typically are hydrogen bonds or aromatic interactions; in case of nucleic acids, Watson‐Crick pairing drives self‐assembly while, in case of peptides, backbone hydrogen bonds and interactions between aromatic side chains trigger the formation of structures, such as nanotubes or ribbons. Molecules containing both aromatic peptides and nucleic acids could in principle exploit different forces to self‐assemble. In this work we meant to investigate the self‐assembly of mixed systems, with the aim to understand which forces play a major role and determine formation/structure of aggregates. We therefore synthesized conjugates of the peptide FF to the peptide nucleic acid dimer “gc” and characterized their aggregates by different spectroscopic techniques, including NMR, CD and fluorescence.
Enantiopure planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophanes: Synthesis and applications in asymmetric organocatalysis
Authors: Felder Simon , Wu Shiqi , Brom Jules , Micouin Laurent , Benedetti Erica 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis short review focuses on enantiopure planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophanes (pCps), a fascinating class of molecules that possess an unusual three‐dimensional core and intriguing physicochemical properties. In the first part of the review, different synthetic strategies for preparing optically active pCps are described. Although classical resolution methods based on the synthesis and separation of diastereoisomeric products still dominate the field, recent advances involving the kinetic resolution of racemic compounds and the desymmetrization of meso derivatives open up new possibilities to access enantiopure key intermediates on synthetically useful scales. Due to their advantageous properties including high configurational and chemical stability, [2.2]paracyclophanes are increasingly employed in various research fields, ranging from stereoselective synthesis to material sciences. The applications of [2.2]paracyclophanes in asymmetric organocatalysis are described in the second part of the review. While historically enantiopure pCps have been mainly employed by organic chemists as chiral ligands in transition‐metal catalysis, these compounds can also be used as efficient catalysts in metal‐free reactions and may inspire the development of new transformations in the near future.
The role of transesophageal echocardiography in predicting technical problems and complications of transvenous lead extractions procedures
Authors: Nowosielecka Dorota , Jacheć Wojciech , Polewczyk Anna , Tułecki Łukasz , Kleinrok Andrzej , Kutarski Andrzej 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundTransesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a useful tool in preoperative evaluation of patients undergoing transvenous lead extraction (TLE).HypothesisEchocardiographic phenomena may determine the difficulty and safety of the procedure.MethodsData from 936 transesophageal examinations (TEE) performed at a high volume center in patients awaiting TLE from 2015 to 2019 were assessed.ResultsTEE revealed a total of 1156 phenomena associated with the implanted leads in 697 (64.85%) patients, including: asymptomatic masses on endocardial leads (AMEL) (58.65%), vegetations (12,73%), fibrous tissue binding the lead to the vein or heart wall (33.76%), lead‐to‐lead binding sites (18.38%), excess lead loops (19.34%), intramural penetration of the lead tip (16.13%) and lead‐dependent tricuspid dysfunction (LDTD) (6.41%). Risk factors for technical difficulties during TLE in multivariate analysis were: fibrous tissue binding the lead to atrial wall (OR = 1.738; p < 0.05), to right ventricular wall (OR = 2.167; p < 0.001), lead‐to‐lead binding sites (OR = 1.628; p < 0.01) and excess lead loops (OR = 1.488; p < 0.05). Lead‐to‐lead binding sites increased probability of major complications (OR = 3.034; p < 0.05). Presence of fibrous tissue binding the lead to the superior vena cava (OR = 0.296; p < 0.05), right atrial wall (OR = 323; p < 0.05) and right ventricular wall (OR = 0.297; p < 0.05) reduced the probability of complete procedural success, whereas fibrous tissue binding the lead to the tricuspid apparatus decreased the probability of clinical success (OR = 0.307; p < 0.05).ConclusionsCareful preoperative TEE evaluation of the consequences of extended lead implant duration (enhanced fibrotic response) increases the probability of predicting the level of difficulty of TLE procedures, their efficacy and risk of major complications.
Discovery of Antitumor Active Peptides Derived from Peroxiredoxin 5
Authors: Liu Juanjuan , Zou Sen , Zhang Yan , Lin Ru , Duan Yanbo , He Weiqing , Yang Zhaoyong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe peroxiredoxin 5 (PRDX5) is a member of peroxiredoxins with antitumor activity. However, as a recombinant protein, PRDX5 is restricted in clinic due to high cost and keeping high dose in medication. The alternative way is to explore the antitumor active fragments of PRDX5 for potential of peptide drugs. According to the sequence, crystal structure and enzyme function of PRDX5, seven peptides were designed and named as IMB‐P1∼7. The peptide IMB‐P1 (AFTPGCSKTHLPGFVEQAEAL) containing critical residue C47 exhibited antitumor activity similar to PRDX5 in vivo. Transcriptome analysis showed peptide IMB‐P1 could make influence on expression of multiple genes involved in tumorigenesis and deterioration. Besides, an important discovery is the down‐regulation of oxidation‐related genes. In CT26 cells, IMB‐P1 carried similar antitumor activity with increasing ROS level to intact PRDX5. The results demonstrated that peptide IMB‐P1 with easier synthesis from PRDX5 may serve as a promising antitumor candidate.
Sex‐specific and caste‐specific brain adaptations related to spatial orientation in Cataglyphis ants
Authors: Grob Robin , Heinig Niklas , Grübel Kornelia , Rössler Wolfgang , Fleischmann Pauline N. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCataglyphis desert ants are charismatic central place foragers. After long‐ranging foraging trips, individual workers navigate back to their nest relying mostly on visual cues. The reproductive caste faces other orientation challenges, i.e. mate finding and colony foundation. Here we compare brain structures involved in spatial orientation of Cataglyphis nodus males, gynes, and foragers by quantifying relative neuropil volumes associated with two visual pathways, and numbers and volumes of antennal lobe (AL) olfactory glomeruli. Furthermore, we determined absolute numbers of synaptic complexes in visual and olfactory regions of the mushroom bodies (MB) and a major relay station of the sky‐compass pathway to the central complex (CX). Both female castes possess enlarged brain centers for sensory integration, learning, and memory, reflected in voluminous MBs containing about twice the numbers of synaptic complexes compared with males. Overall, male brains are smaller compared with both female castes, but the relative volumes of the optic lobes and CX are enlarged indicating the importance of visual guidance during innate behaviors. Male ALs contain greatly enlarged glomeruli, presumably involved in sex‐pheromone detection. Adaptations at both the neuropil and synaptic levels clearly reflect differences in sex‐specific and caste‐specific demands for sensory processing and behavioral plasticity underlying spatial orientation.
Repeated use of rich pictures to explore changes in subjective experiences over time of patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Bood Zarah M. , Scherer‐Rath Michael , Sprangers Mirjam A. G. , Timmermans Liesbeth , van Wolde Ellen , Cristancho Sayra M. , Heyning Fenna , Russel Silvia , van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. , Helmich Esther 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe combination of verbal and visual tools may help unravel the experiences of advanced cancer patients. However, most previous studies have focused on a specific symptom, at only one moment in time. We recently found that a specific visual tool, originating from systems thinking, that is, rich pictures (RPs), could provide a more comprehensive view of the experiences of patients with advanced cancer.AimsTo examine whether the repeated use of RPs can make changes in subjective experiences of patients living with advanced cancer visible over time.Methods and resultsWe performed a prospective study with a generic qualitative approach that was mostly informed by the process of grounded theory. We invited patients to make an RP twice, at the start of the study, and again after 2 months. Both RP drawing sessions were directly followed by a semi‐structured interview. Patients with all types of solid tumors, above the age of 18, and with a diagnosis of advanced, incurable cancer, were eligible. Eighteen patients participated and 15 patients were able to draw an RP twice. In eight RP‐sets, considerable differences between the first and second RP were noticeable. Two patterns were distinguished: (1) a change (decline or improvement) in physical health (five patients), and/or (2) a change in the way patients related to cancer (three patients).ConclusionRPs are a valuable qualitative research method that can be used to explore the experiences of patients with advanced cancer, not only at a single point in time but also over time.
Cannabinoids, their cellular receptors, and effects on the invasive phenotype of carcinoma and metastasis
Authors: Glogauer Judah , Blay Jonathan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe morbidity and mortality of cancer are significantly impacted by the invasive and metastatic potential of particular subgroups of malignant cells within a tumor. The particular pre‐metastatic properties of cancerous cells are thus a critical target for novel therapeutics in the oncology field. Cannabinoid molecules have been investigated in recent years in the context of invasion and metastasis of various malignancies, with varying effects reported in the literature.Recent FindingsThere was substantial variability in the findings reported by the literature of the effects of cannabinoid molecules on cancer cell invasion and metastasis. These effects varied depending on which ligand and which of the CB1, CB2, or GPR55 receptors were investigated. These findings suggest a role for the phenomenon of biased signaling in explaining the diversity of effects of cannabinoid molecules on cancer cell invasion.ConclusionWhile substantially more investigation is required into the effects of cannabinoid molecules on cancer cell invasion and metastasis, we describe in this review the significant diversity in the responses of cancer cells to cannabinoid molecules in terms of their invasive and metastatic capacities.
Factors influencing cervical cancer screening practice among female health workers in Nigeria: A systematic review
Authors: Okolie Elvis Anyaehiechukwu , Barker Debra , Nnyanzi Lawrence Achilles , Anjorin Seun , Aluga David , Nwadike Blessing Ifeoma 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundCervical cancer is the most prevalent gynaecologic cancer in Nigeria. Despite being largely preventable through screening, cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. To reduce the burden of cervical cancer in Nigeria, female health workers (FHWs) are expected to play an influential role in leading screening uptake and promoting access to cervical cancer education and screening.AimThe aim of this systematic review is to assess the factors influencing cervical cancer screening (CCS) practice among FHWs in Nigeria.MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature search across six (6) electronic databases namely MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, African Index Medicus, CINAHL, and Web of Science between May 2020 and October 2020. Reference list and grey literature search were conducted to complement database search. Four reviewers screened 3171 citations against the inclusion criteria and critically appraised the quality of eligible studies. Narrative synthesis was used in summarising data from included studies.ResultsOverall, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria and were all quantitative cross‐sectional studies. Included studies sampled a total of 3392 FHWs in Nigeria. FHWs had a high level of knowledge and positive attitude towards CCS. However, CCS uptake was poor. Predominant barriers to CCS uptake were the cost of screening, fear of positive results, lack of test awareness, reluctance to screen, low‐risk perception, and lack of time. In contrast, being married, increasing age, awareness of screening methods, and physician recommendation were the most documented facilitators.ConclusionThis study revealed that a complex interplay of socioeconomic, structural, and individual factors influences CCS among FHWs in Nigeria. Therefore, implementing holistic interventions targeting both health system factors such as cost of screening and infrastructure and individual factors such as low‐risk perception and fear of positive result affecting FHWs in Nigeria is critical to reducing the burden of cervical cancer.
Twister2 Cross‐platform resource scheduler for big data
Authors: Uyar Ahmet , Gunduz Gurhan , Kamburugamuve Supun , Wickramasinghe Pulasthi , Widanage Chathura , Govindarajan Kannan , Perera Niranda , Abeykoon Vibhatha , Akkas Selahattin , Fox Geoffrey 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTwister2 is an open‐source big data hosting environment designed to process both batch and streaming data at scale. Twister2 runs jobs in both high‐performance computing (HPC) and big data clusters. It provides a cross‐platform resource scheduler to run jobs in diverse environments. Twister2 is designed with a layered architecture to support various clusters and big data problems. In this paper, we present the cross‐platform resource scheduler of Twister2. We identify required services and explain implementation details. We present job startup delays for single jobs and multiple concurrent jobs in Kubernetes and OpenMPI clusters. We compare job startup delays for Twister2 and Spark at a Kubernetes cluster. In addition, we compare the performance of terasort algorithm on Kubernetes and bare metal clusters at AWS cloud.