bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of surgery on survival of patients aged 75 years or older with Merkel cell carcinoma
Authors: Ren Kehui , Yin Xufeng , Zhou Bingrong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether surgery improves prognosis in elderly patients with Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC).Materials/MethodsData of all patients with MCC diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Differences in baseline characteristics were analyzed among the age groups (75–80, 80–85, and ≥85 years). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to assess the effects of each variable on patient outcomes. The Kaplan–Meier curves were employed to evaluate MCC overall survival (OS) and MCC‐specific survival (MSS).ResultsA total of 1156 of patients with MCC met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The surgery rate decreased with age (75–80, 80–85, and ≥85 years were 93.3%, 91.1%, and 88.7%, respectively; p = 0.082). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that the OS of patients in the 80–85 years group (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.14–1.70; p = 0.001) and the ≥85 years group (HR = 2.18; 95% CI = 1.80–2.63; p < 0.0001) was worse than that in the 75–80 years group. Compared with the non‐surgery groups, the HR for the surgery group was 0.75 for OS (95% CI = 0.56–1.00; p = 0.048) and 0.73 for MSS (95% CI = 0.48–1.10; p = 0.130). Subgroup analyses showed that patients aged ≥85 years undergoing surgery had better OS (HR = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.45–0.95; p = 0.024).ConclusionsMCC patients aged 75 years and older would benefit from surgical resection. However, surgical resection should be performed cautiously, and larger prospective clinical trials are needed to further verify these findings.
Dyadic Reports Using the Parental Support after Child Sexual Abuse Measure: Psychometrics and Associations with Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms
Authors: Asgeirsdottir Bryndis Bjork , Huffhines Lindsay , Sigurvinsdottir Rannveig , Wherry Jeffrey N. 
Published: November 2021

This study assessed the psychometric properties of a new measure, the Parental Support after Child Sexual Abuse (PSCSA) survey, and tested the association between parents' and children's parental support reports and children's post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. A total of 99 Icelandic children (86.5% girls, 6–18 years old, M = 13.9 years) starting therapy for child sexual abuse (CSA) and 98 non‐offending parents (90.6% mothers, 23–58 years old, M = 41.2 years) participated in the study. Participants completed questionnaires on parental support (PSCSA) and children's PTSD symptom severity (University of California at Los Angeles Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition). A total of 18 items were considered for the PSCSA parent version and nine for the PSCSA child version. Five reliable factors emerged for the parent version (Emotional support, Instrumental support, Self‐blame, Child blame and Disbelief) using 16 items and one factor (combined Emotional and instrumental support) emerged for the child's version using eight items. On average, ratings for both Emotional and Instrumental support were higher for parents than their children. Emotional support reported by both parents and children was negatively associated with PTSD symptom severity. The PSCSA survey is a promising dyadic measure for future research and clinical use in children's advocacy centres.Key Practitioner Messages

The results indicate that the PSCSA survey is a valid and reliable measure of parental support following CSA.
Unlike prior measures, the PSCSA survey allows for the possibility of fathers to complete the questionnaire, reduces the number of items for children and captures greater variability in support.
Emotional support reported by both parents and children was negatively associated with PTSD symptom severity.
The PSCSA survey increases the feasibility of future research in this area and clinical use in children's advocacy centres and other settings.
Digital media consumption: Using metrics, patterns and dashboards to enhance data‐driven decision‐making
Authors: Chan Kaye , Uncles Mark 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDashboards are commonly used to inform data‐driven decision‐making by multiple stakeholders within and across businesses. The purpose of this article is to show how a comprehensive marketing model, the NBD‐Dirichlet, can be used to construct coherent and integrated dashboards. This is demonstrated using an example that offers practical guidance to practitioners and researchers for incorporating the model into a dashboard and showing how it can enhance visualisation, communication, and decision‐making. The example concerns digital media consumption behaviour, specifically the section choice behaviour of readers of an online magazine. The example demonstrates the utility of the NBD‐Dirichlet model to underpin a marketing management dashboard (RQ1), where model parameters are estimated from unstructured log‐file data (RQ2) using log‐likelihood estimation (RQ4). The example also shows the applicability of the model in analysing a non‐brand attribute, specifically magazine content sections (RQ3). From inspection of graphical and tabular dashboards, it is evident that magazine section content is read by consumers in ways we might expect given the well‐known Double Jeopardy (DJ) pattern of the NBD‐Dirichlet model (RQ5). There is no evidence of change‐of‐pace behavioural loyalty (RQ6), nor niche behavioural loyalty (RQ7). Finally, the article highlights the benefits of the NBD‐Dirichlet in business as not only a tool for underpinning dashboards but also for scenario planning (RQ8).
Synthesis of Glycerides of Fatty Acids by Inorganic Solid Catalysts: A Review
Authors: Alvarez Serafini Mariana S. , Tonetto Gabriela M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHomogeneous catalysts in the synthesis of mono‐ and di‐glycerides have received wide acceptability due to their fast reaction rates. However, environmental issues and purification costs have led to the search for alternatives. Heterogeneous catalysts gained the attention of researchers because they can be applied to continuous processes, can be regenerated and can be used multiple times. This study reviews the available literature on solid catalysts used in the production of glycerides of fatty acids. It discusses the preparation methods, the reaction conditions and the results obtained in the three more important synthesis reactions: fatty acid esterification with glycerol, glycerolysis of fatty acid methyl ester and glycerolysis of triglycerides. The reported heterogeneous catalysts that were found to be the most active in the esterification reaction are the ones with strong acid sites. In the case of the glycerolysis, the most studied solid catalysts are Mg, Zn and Ca oxides, resulting in high monoglyceride yield.
Gold Self‐Relay Catalysis Enabling [3,3]‐Sigmatropic Rearrangement/Nazarov Cyclization and Allylic Alkylation Cascade for Constructing All‐Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters
Authors: Meng Fan‐Tao , Qin Xiao‐Yan , Li Jing , Zhang Tian‐Shu , Tu Shu‐Jiang , Jiang Bo , Hao Wen‐Juan 
Published: November 2021

Comprehensive SummaryMolecular scaffolds endowed with all‐carbon quaternary stereocenter are ubiquitous in natural products and significant bioactive molecules. However, efficient construction of this type of structure units is full of challenge due to their congested chemical environment. Herein, we report a new gold(I) self‐relay catalysis merging [3,3]‐sigmatropic rearrangement/Nazarov cyclization with allylic alkylation starting from 1,3‐enyne acetates and allylic alcohols, producing a wide range of synthetically important allyl cyclopentenones with an all‐carbon quaternary stereocenter in good yields under mild conditions. This protocol demonstrates the precise control of regioselectivity, high functional group tolerance of substrates and the low loading of gold catalyst without inert atmosphere protection, providing a catalytic and efficient entry to all‐carbon quaternary stereocenters
A technical note on digitizing color mapped spectral power distribution images
Authors: Shailesh Kambadakone Ramesh , Shailesh Tanuja 
Published: November 2021

AbstractData visualization is producing images that communicate data in the form of visual objects like lines, points, bars, or colored areas. Often it is necessary to extract numerical data from these images for further analysis. There are a wide variety of data digitization tools, however, only limited formats of plot images can be digitized using them. There exists many data visualization formats spread across different domains of science. Some of these formats need tailored solutions. One such format is color mapped spectral power distribution images of light sources captured by proprietary spectrometers. In this work, a methodology is discussed to digitize spectral plots of light sources. Unlike typical digitization tools which extract data based on contrast difference, color, or morphological similarities, color mapped spectral plots contain blending colors across the x‐axis, without containing any notable morphological features. In this work, image processing is applied to extract the contour representing a spectral plot. For color mapped spectral plots, the importance of appropriate binary input images for edge detection algorithms is highlighted. There are only a few edge‐detection methods give the desired results except a few. Further, the importance of repeatedly adjusting threshold values in extracting desired contours is also discussed. The estimated and measured spectral parameters are in mutual agreement with each other thereby validating the adopted approach.
Evaluation of Proton Pump Inhibitor Esomeprazole on Crizotinib Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Participants
Authors: Xu Huiping , O'Gorman Melissa , Matschke Kyle , Boutros Tanya , Brega Nicoletta , Tan Weiwei , Bello Akintunde 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCrizotinib is a small‐molecule, multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor that exhibits decreased aqueous solubility at a higher pH. This open‐label, randomized, phase 1 study (NCT01549574) evaluated the effect of multiple doses of the proton pump inhibitor esomeprazole on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of crizotinib and the safety of crizotinib with or without esomeprazole in healthy adults. Participants received a single 250‐mg crizotinib dose after overnight fast or a single 250‐mg crizotinib dose following esomeprazole 40 mg/day for 5 days. After a washout of ≥14 days, participants crossed over to the alternate treatment. Blood samples for plasma analysis were taken up to 144 hours after crizotinib dosing and relevant PK parameters estimated. Safety was assessed in all participants receiving ≥1 dose of study medication. Fifteen participants were evaluable for PK and safety for each treatment. Coadministration with esomeprazole resulted in a slight decrease (≈10%) in the crizotinib geometric mean area under the plasma concentration–time profile from time 0 to infinity (adjusted geometric mean ratio, 89.81% [90% confidence interval, 79.05‐102.03]). Coadministration of esomeprazole did not affect peak crizotinib exposure. Adverse events (AEs) occurred in similar numbers between treatments; no serious or severe AEs occurred. The most common AE was diarrhea. Although esomeprazole decreased total exposure of crizotinib, it is not considered clinically meaningful, and dose modification is not required when crizotinib is coadministered with agents that affect gastric pH.
UniLectin, A One‐Stop‐Shop to Explore and Study Carbohydrate‐Binding Proteins
Authors: Imberty Anne , Bonnardel François , Lisacek Frédérique 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAll eukaryotic cells are covered with a dense layer of glycoconjugates, and the cell walls of bacteria are made of various polysaccharides, putting glycans in key locations for mediating protein‐protein interactions at cell interfaces. Glycan function is therefore mainly defined as binding to other molecules, and lectins are proteins that specifically recognize and interact non‐covalently with glycans. UniLectin was designed based on insight into the knowledge of lectins, their classification, and their biological role. This modular platform provides a curated and periodically updated classification of lectins along with a set of comparative and visualization tools, as well as structured results of screening comprehensive sequence datasets. UniLectin can be used to explore lectins, find precise information on glycan‐protein interactions, and mine the results of predictive tools based on HMM profiles. This usage is illustrated here with two protocols. The first one highlights the fine‐tuned role of the O blood group antigen in distinctive pathogen recognition, while the second compares the various bacterial lectin arsenals that clearly depend on living conditions of species even in the same genus. © 2021 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.[Correction added on May 17, 2022, after first online publication: CSAL funding statement has been added.]Basic Protocol 1: Searching for the structural details of lectins binding the O blood group antigenBasic Protocol 2: Comparing the lectomes of related organisms in different environments
Illustrative Tutorials for ProThermDB: Thermodynamic Database for Proteins and Mutants
Authors: Kulandaisamy A. , Nikam Rahul , Harini K. , Sharma Divya , Gromiha M. Michael 
Published: November 2021

AbstractProThermDB (https://web.iitm.ac.in/bioinfo2/prothermdb/index.html) is a primary resource for protein stability, which contains experimentally determined thermodynamic data for proteins and their mutants. The most recent version of ProThermDB accumulates the data obtained from both high‐ and low‐throughput experimental biophysical methods. It includes comprehensive information at four different levels, i.e.: (i) protein sequence and structure; (ii) experimental conditions; (iii) thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energy, melting temperature, enthalpy, etc.; and (iv) literature. In the following protocols, we present detailed tutorials for retrieving data using different search, display and sorting options, interpretation of search results, description of each entry‐level information category, data upload and download, cross‐links with other databases, and visualization options. This protocol consists of six pictorial exercises, which are useful for biologists/users to understand the contents and organization of data in ProThermDB. Further, potential applications of ProThermDB in protein engineering are discussed. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Retrieval of experimental thermodynamic data for wild‐type and mutants of a specific protein using a simple queryBasic Protocol 2: Retrieval of stabilizing point mutations, which are located at the interior of α‐helical regions, and obtaining data by thermal denaturation methodsBasic Protocol 3: Retrieval of destabilizing point mutations, which are in β‐sheets of exposed regions, and obtaining data by chemical denaturation methods (urea and GdnHCl)Basic Protocol 4: Retrieval of stabilizing and destabilizing point mutations in a range of physiological conditions (pH: 6‐9 and T: 20°C‐25°C) and publication years (2010‐2020)Support Protocol: Downloading the entire data of the database for academic research purposes and submission of new data in ProThermDB
Effect of biotic and abiotic factors on the production and degradation of fish environmental DNA: An experimental evaluation
Authors: Caza‐Allard Isabeau , Laporte Martin , Côté Guillaume , April Julien , Bernatchez Louis 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) is a very promising approach to facilitate and improve the aquatic species monitoring, which is crucial for their management and conservation. In comparison with the plethora of monitoring studies in the fields, relatively few studies have focused on experimentally investigating the “ecology” of eDNA, in particular pertaining to processes influencing the detection of eDNA. The paucity of knowledge about its ecology hampers the use of eDNA analysis to its full potential. In this study, we experimentally evaluated the impact of several biotic and abiotic factors on the rate of production and degradation of eDNA. Individuals of three freshwater fish species (brown bullhead, tench, and yellow perch) with distinct ecology were placed in two types of water from the St. Lawrence River (Québec, Canada) with very distinct physicochemical characteristics and at three different temperatures. Water samples were then filtered at predetermined time intervals, and quantitative PCR was used to quantify the eDNA in each sample. We found that temperature, species, water types, and some interactions between these factors had a strong effect on the production and degradation of eDNA. The results of this study enhance our knowledge about the ecology of eDNA, thus improving eDNA data interpretation.
Performance study of centrifugal air compressor for proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems
Authors: Liu Yunxia , Zhao Yuanyang , Yang Qichao , Liu Guangbin , Li Liansheng , Gao Zhicheng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAir supply systems are essential subsystems in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell systems. Compressors are the key devices of air supply systems that greatly influence the characteristics of fuel cells. The simulation and experimental researches on a small centrifugal compressor with high rotation speed have been presented in this paper. Firstly, the input parameters of a compressor are obtained based on the output power and operating pressure of PEM fuel cells. Then, a prototype of small centrifugal compressors applied in PEM fuel cells is designed, simulated with the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, and tested in actual working conditions. Finally, the simulation results show that the internal flow in compressors affects the performance strongly. The discharge pressure of the simulation is close to the test data in the studied working conditions, and the maximum error is less than 6%.
IRDB: Towards enjoying spatial, rate, and beam‐channel diversity in wireless networks for multimedia applications
Authors: Askari Zeinab , Avokh Avid 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis work studies the problems of routing, beam‐channel selection, space/time division multiple accessing, and admission control for multi‐rate wireless networks equipped with directional antennas. The spatial diversity obtained by directional antennas enables neighboring nodes to use a same physical wireless channel simultaneously. On‐demand multimedia flows are considered, where each accepted multimedia request develops a bandwidth‐guaranteed tree. We propose a cross‐layer algorithm, named “interference and rate‐aware directional broadcasting (IRDB),” to efficiently improve the resource allocation in the network. In order to build the routing tree, the proposed algorithm jointly uses all three spatial, channel, and rate diversities. We also introduce an efficient interference‐ and rate‐aware metric for covering more neighboring nodes at the highest possible rate. As an advantage, it not only reduces the resource consumption, but also decreases interference. IRDB greedily schedules a new admitted session without re‐routing or violating the quality of service constraints of current sessions. Numerical results show that the proposed IRDB scheme achieves improved performance in terms of occupied time slots and call acceptance rate.
Synthesis and odour perception of a series of highly substituted cyclohexane derivatives
Authors: Saget Raphaël , Jaunky Piotr , Plessis Caroline , Duñach Elisabet 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA series of novel‐substituted cyclohexane derivatives has been prepared and their olfactory evaluation is presented. The different structures are derived from the cyclization of an unsaturated ketal under catalytic conditions. Its further functionalization allowed for the preparation of a series of 22 new compounds. Most of the new cyclic compounds present fruity and/or woody notes.
Neural correlates of the inverse base rate effect
Authors: Inkster Angus B. , Milton Fraser , Edmunds Charlotte E. R. , Benattayallah Abdelmalek , Wills Andy J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe inverse base rate effect (IBRE) is a nonrational behavioral phenomenon in predictive learning. Canonically, participants learn that the AB stimulus compound leads to one outcome and that AC leads to another outcome, with AB being presented three times as often as AC. When subsequently presented with BC, the outcome associated with AC is preferentially selected, in opposition to the underlying base rates of the outcomes. The current leading explanation is based on error‐driven learning. A key component of this account is prediction error, a concept previously linked to a number of brain areas including the anterior cingulate, the striatum, and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The present work is the first fMRI study to directly examine the IBRE. Activations were noted in brain areas linked to prediction error, including the caudate body, the anterior cingulate, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Analyzing the difference in activations for singular key stimuli (B and C), as well as frequency matched controls, supports the predictions made by the error‐driven learning account.
Development of a model to demonstrate the impact of National Institute of Health and Care Excellence cost‐effectiveness assessment on health utility for targeted medicines
Authors: Gallacher Daniel , Stallard Nigel , Kimani Peter , Gökalp Elvan , Branke Juergen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAdvances in medical technology have led to a better understanding of heterogeneity of diseases and patients, and to the development of targeted medicines. This development is beneficial to society but can come at an increased cost to pharmaceutical manufacturers due to the costs associated with developing and manufacturing a diagnostic test. For such medicines, the conventional pricing structure, where a therapy is approved if it is deemed cost‐effective, may not appropriately incentivize targeted drug development. We model the decision‐making processes for both the healthcare provider and the pharmaceutical manufacturer, capturing their main priorities, and populate it with information from a recent appraisal by the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence. Healthcare providers prefer a stratified drug to be developed for a subgroup of the population when the drug is on average effective in the subgroup but with a detrimental effect in the complement. Whilst pharmaceutical manufacturers' preferences are similar, regions of disagreement exist. We show how preferences can be aligned by either penalizing the development of a non‐stratified drug or rewarding the development of a stratified drug. The cost and position of alignment depends on the true value of health to the healthcare provider, among other parameters.