bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers to appropriate prescribing in older adults with multimorbidity: A modified Delphi study
Authors: Lun Penny , Tang Jia Ying , Lee Jia Qi , Tan Keng Teng , Ang Wendy , Ding Yew Yoong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to understand the barriers experienced by physicians when prescribing for older adults with multimorbidity in specialist outpatient clinics in Singapore.MethodsA modified Delphi study was conducted via email with 20 panel experts in the field of geriatric medicine. Barriers identified from an earlier scoping review were presented as statements to the panel.ResultsEleven barrier statements reached consensus with high importance according to the Delphi panel. Of these statements, seven (64%) belong to the domain of Environmental context and resources in the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), while the remaining barriers belong to the domains of skills, knowledge, intentions, and professional/social role and identity. The barriers are further linked to intervention functions in the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW).ConclusionLinking the TDF domains to intervention functions revealed strategic directions for the development of an intervention to address the barriers and optimize prescribing.
Facial recognition accuracy in photographs of Thai neonates with Down syndrome among physicians and the Face2Gene application
Authors: Srisraluang Wewika , Rojnueangnit Kitiwan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDown syndrome (DS) is typically recognizable in those who present with multiple dysmorphism, especially in regard to facial phenotypes. However, as the presentation of DS in neonates is less obvious, a phenotype‐based presumptive diagnosis is more challenging. Recently, an artificial intelligence (AI) application, Face2Gene, was developed to help physicians recognize specific genetic syndromes by using two‐dimensional facial photos. As of yet, there has not been any study comparing accuracy among physicians or applications. Our objective was to compare the facial recognition accuracy of DS in Thai neonates, using facial photographs, among physicians and the Face2Gene. Sixty‐four Thai neonates at Thammasat University Hospital, with genetic testing and signed parental consent, were divided into a DS group (25) and non‐DS group (39). Non‐DS was further divided into unaffected (19) and those affected with other syndromes (20). Our results revealed physician accuracy (89%) was higher than the Face2Gene (81%); however, the application was higher in sensitivity (100%) than physicians (86%). While this application can serve as a helpful assistant in facilitating any genetic syndrome such as DS, to aid clinicians in recognizing DS facial features in neonates, it is not a replacement for well‐trained doctors.
Polygenic risk for major depression is associated with lifetime suicide attempt in US soldiers independent of personal and parental history of major depression
Authors: Stein Murray B. , Jain Sonia , Campbell‐Sills Laura , Ware Erin B. , Choi Karmel W. , He Feng , Ge Tian , Gelernter Joel , Smoller Jordan W. , Kessler Ronald C. , Ursano Robert J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSuicide is a major public health problem. The contribution of common genetic variants for major depressive disorder (MDD) independent of personal and parental history of MDD has not been established. Polygenic risk score (using PRS‐CS) for MDD was calculated for US Army soldiers of European ancestry. Associations between polygenic risk for MDD and lifetime suicide attempt (SA) were tested in models that also included parental or personal history of MDD. Models were adjusted for age, sex, tranche (where applicable), and 10 principal components reflecting ancestry. In the first cohort, 417 (6.3%) of 6,573 soldiers reported a lifetime history of SA. In a multivariable model that included personal [OR = 3.83, 95% CI:3.09–4.75] and parental history of MDD [OR = 1.43, 95% CI:1.13–1.82 for one parent and OR = 1.64, 95% CI:1.20–2.26 for both parents), MDD PRS was significantly associated with SA (OR = 1.22 [95% CI:1.10–1.36]). In the second cohort, 204 (4.2%) of 4,900 soldiers reported a lifetime history of SA. In a multivariable model that included personal [OR = 3.82, 95% CI:2.77–5.26] and parental history of MDD [OR = 1.42, 95% CI:0.996–2.03 for one parent and OR = 2.21, 95% CI:1.33–3.69 for both parents) MDD PRS continued to be associated (at p = .0601) with SA (OR = 1.15 [95% CI:0.994–1.33]). A soldier's PRS for MDD conveys information about likelihood of a lifetime SA beyond that conveyed by two predictors readily obtainable by interview: personal or parental history of MDD. Results remain to be extended to prospective prediction of incident SA. These findings portend a role for PRS in risk stratification for suicide attempts.
The effect of mixed soft segment on the microstructure of thermoplastic polyurethane
Authors: Cui Yongyin , Wang Hairui , Pan Hongwei , Yan Tongtong , Zong Chengzhong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn this work, we fixed the hard segment content (Ch%) and synthesized thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) elastomers with one‐soft segment (HTPB‐PU, PTMG‐PU, and PCL‐PU) and bi‐soft segment (PTMG‐HPU and PCL‐HPU), using 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,4‐butanediol, and different oligomer diols as raw materials. This work was used to explore the impact of two polar diols (polytetrahydrofuran diol [PTMG]; polycaprolactone diol [PCL]) of the hydroxy‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB)‐based TPU on the microstructure and macroscopic properties. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry to characterize TPU, the results showed that the introduction of PCL was better than PTMG in promoting microphase mixing and crystallization, and reducing microphase separation. This result was closely related because the carbonyl group in PCL was stronger than the ether bond in PTMG in forming hydrogen bonds with ─NH bond. Through mechanical test and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) resistance test, the results showed that HTPB‐based TPU with PCL (PCL‐HPU) significantly improved tensile strength and elongation at break, and only a small reduction of Young's modulus was observed. PCL‐HPU had the best retention of the IPA resistance of HTPB‐based TPU.
Preparation and evaluation of self‐healing microcapsules for asphalt based on response surface optimization
Authors: Li Jia , Ji Xiaoping , Tang Zhennong , Hu Yonglin , Hua Wenlong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to explore the best preparation process of asphalt self‐healing microcapsules. Response surface design and single factor design were used to optimize the preparation process parameters of asphalt self‐healing microcapsules, and the prediction model of core content was established. The optimal preparation process was determined. The results of response surface design showed that the interaction among emulsifier concentration/reaction temperature, core‐shell ratio/reaction temperature, and pH/reaction temperature had significant effect on the core content of microcapsules; the microcapsules prepared by the optimal process were spherical with an average particle size of 90.19 μm. The results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and heating simulation test showed that the microcapsule can delay the damage of the core in high temperature environment; the results of nanoindentation test showed that the young's modulus and hardness of the microcapsules were about 2.50 and 0.28 GPa, respectively. Finally, the improvement mechanism of self‐healing performance of asphalt by microcapsules was revealed by fluorescence microscope.
Information asymmetry in Wikipedia across different languages: A statistical analysis
Authors: Roy Dwaipayan , Bhatia Sumit , Jain Prateek 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWikipedia is the largest web‐based open encyclopedia covering more than 300 languages. Different language editions of Wikipedia differ significantly in terms of their information coverage. In this article, we compare the information coverage in English Wikipedia (most exhaustive) and Wikipedias in 8 other widely spoken languages, namely Arabic, German, Hindi, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, and Turkish. We analyze variations in different language editions of Wikipedia in terms of the number of topics covered as well as the amount of information discussed about different topics. Further, as a step towards bridging the information gap, we present WikiCompare—a browser plugin that allows Wikipedia readers to have a comprehensive overview of topics by incorporating missing information from Wikipedia page in other language.
Zur bodendynamischen Strukturdämpfung von Offshore‐Windenergieanlagen
Authors: Stark Anne , Grabe Jürgen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn diesem Beitrag wird ein dynamisches Modell einer Offshore‐Windenergieanlage mit Schwerpunkt auf der numerischen Modellierung der Boden‐Struktur‐Interaktion vorgestellt. Das entwickelte Modell basiert auf einem zweidimensionalen FE‐Modell eines auf Federn gebetteten Euler‐Bernoulli‐Balkens. Die Pfahl‐Boden‐Interaktion bzw. das Last‐Verformungsverhalten des den Pfahl umgebenden Bodens wird in Form von nichtlinearen Bettungsfedern idealisiert. Die Formulierung der Federkennlinien basiert auf einem hypoplastischen Bettungsansatz, welcher es ermöglicht, verschiedene Steifigkeiten bei Erst‐, Ent‐ und Wiederbelastung sowie eine Ver‐ bzw. Entfestigung des Bodens abzubilden. Über die Änderung der Porenzahl wird zudem eine Materialdämpfung berücksichtigt. Das Bettungsmodell wird ergänzt durch parallel zu den Federn geschaltete viskose Dämpfer, welche eine geometrische Dämpfung des Untergrunds abbilden. Der Gründungspfahl wird erweitert um die aufgehende Struktur einer Offshore‐Windenergieanlage. Dabei wird der natürliche Seegang auf Basis der linearen Wellentheorie für das Modellgebiet der Nordsee mit dem Jonswap‐Spektrum modelliert. Der Rotor wird als Punktmasse idealisiert. Das Modell ermöglicht es, aufgrund der dynamischen Formulierung der nichtlinearen Bewegungsgleichung das Schwingungsverhalten in kurzer Rechenzeit praxisgerecht auszuwerten. Außerdem werden Untersuchungen zum Einfluss der Änderung der Steifigkeitsverteilung des Bodens im Zusammenspiel mit einer Änderung der Eigenfrequenz durchgeführt. Es wird das zeitabhängige Modellverhalten bei Wellenbelastung sowie für einen Modellsturm dargestellt. Zukünftige Erweiterungen des Modells sollen die Ableitung von Dämpfungsfaktoren zum Ansatz bei der Bemessung ermöglichen.
Beurteilung von Fels als Befestigungsuntergrund für nachträgliche Befestigungen mit geringer Einbindetiefe
Authors: Lamplmair Stefan , Zeman Oliver , Voit Klaus 
Published: July 2021

AbstractFür Gebirge als Befestigungsuntergrund ist es aufgrund einer Vielzahl an möglichen Einbausituationen schwer, vorab auf das Tragverhalten und die Tragfähigkeit von Befestigungselementen schließen zu können. In diesem Aufsatz wird daher untersucht, wie sich ein Befestigungsmittel in anstehendem Fels bei geringen Einbindetiefen verhält und welche Untergrundparameter einen wesentlichen Einfluss auf das Tragverhalten und die Tragfähigkeit haben. Dazu werden Versuche an nachträglich installierten Befestigungen unterschiedlichen Wirkprinzips (Verbundanker, Spreizanker) in unterschiedlichen Lithologien Ostösterreichs vorgestellt. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass mittels Gebirgsklassifikation auf die Eignung des Gebirges als Befestigungsuntergrund rückgeschlossen werden kann. Für eine Abschätzung der Tragfähigkeit ist eine kleinräumige Untersuchung jedoch unbedingt notwendig. Nicht nur das Vorhandensein von Trennflächen hat einen Einfluss auf die Tragfähigkeit, sondern auch deren Beschaffenheit. Gewisse Analogien zu Beton als Untergrund konnten festgestellt werden.
Neural mechanisms underlying the Rubber Hand Illusion: A systematic review of related neurophysiological studies
Authors: Golaszewski Stefan , Frey Vanessa , Thomschewski Aljoscha , Sebastianelli Luca , Versace Viviana , Saltuari Leopold , Trinka Eugen , Nardone Raffaele 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntroductionMany researchers took advantage of the well‐established rubber hand illusion (RHI) paradigm to explore the link between the sense of body ownership and the different brain structures and networks. Here, we aimed to review the studies that have investigated this phenomenon by means of neurophysiological techniques.MethodsThe MEDLINE, accessed by Pubmed and EMBASE electronic databases, was searched using the medical subject headings: “Rubber hand illusion” AND “Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)” OR “Evoked potentials (EP)” OR “Event related potentials (ERP)” OR “Electroencephalography (EEG)”.ResultsTranscranial magnetic stimulation studies revealed a significant excitability drop in primary motor cortex hand circuits accompanying the disembodiment of the real hand during the RHI experience and that the perceived ownership over the rubber hand is associated with normal parietal–motor communication. Moreover, TMS provided causal evidence that the extrastriate body area is involved in the RHI and subsequently in body representation, while neuromodulation of ventral premotor area and the inferior parietal lobe did not result in an enhancement of embodiment. EP and ERP studies suggest that pre‐existing body representations may affect larger stages of tactile processing and support predictive coding models of the functional architecture of multisensory integration in bodily perceptual experience. High‐frequency oscillations on EEG play a role in the integrative processing of stimuli across modalities, and EEG activity in γ band activity in the parietal area reflects the visuotactile integration process. EEG studies also revealed that RHI is associated with the neural circuits underlying motor control and that premotor areas play a crucial role in mediating illusory body ownership.ConclusionNeurophysiological studies shed new light on our understanding of the different aspects that contribute to the formation of a coherent self‐awareness in humans.
Do constraints created by economic growth targets benefit sustainable development? Evidence from China
Authors: Chai Jingxia , Hao Yu , Wu Haitao , Yang Yuemiao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAn economic growth target is a declaration by policy authorities of commitment to that target and the corresponding allocation of resources. The constraints created by economic growth target are an important economic management method in China, which has helped China's economy to achieve remarkable achievements. However, it has also brought about serious environmental problems, threatening China's sustainable development. Using the data about economic growth targets in the work reports of 30 Chinese provincial governments from 2006 to 2017, this paper constructs several spatial measurement methods, such as the spatial Durbin model, to examine the constraints created by economic growth target's impacts on air pollution. The main conclusions are as follows. First, a significant “U‐shaped” relationship exists between the constraints created by economic growth targets and air pollution. Second, the spatial Durbin model analysis revealed that PM2.5across China's provinces display significant positive spatial spillover effects and spatial agglomeration characteristics. Third, the direct, indirect, and total effects of constraints created by economic growth targets on air pollution are all statistically significant and depict a “U shape.” Finally, the constraints created by economic growth targets have an apparent threshold effect on air pollution, and the inhibiting effects increase with human capital and industrial restructuring. However, with the increase in foreign direct investments, constraints created by economic growth targets may increase air pollution. The conclusions of this paper are of great significance for improving the management of local government economic growth targets and sustainable development.
Preventing pyruvate kinase muscle expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells curbs lactogenic behavior by altering glycolysis, gating pyruvate generation, and increasing pyruvate flux into the TCA cycle
Authors: Tang Danming , Sandoval Wendy , Liu Peter , Lam Cynthia , Snedecor Brad , Misaghi Shahram 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDeletion of the pyruvate kinase muscle (PKM) gene, which is involved in conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate, has been shown to curb lactogenic behavior in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. This study describes the generation of pyruvate kinase muscle isoforms 1 and 2 knockout (PKM‐KO) and pyruvate kinase muscle isoform‐1 knockout (PKM1‐KO) CHO host cells to understand metabolic shifts that reduce lactate secretion in these cells. Glucose and amino acids uptake levels in wild‐type (WT), PKM‐KO, and PKM1‐KO stable cell lines, expressing two different antibodies, were analyzed in 14‐day fed‐batch production assays using different vessels. PKM‐KO and PKM1‐KO cells consumed more glucose per cell, altered amino acids metabolism, had higher flux of pyruvate into the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and as previously shown reduced lactate secretion levels compared with the WT cells. Additionally, both PKM‐KO and PKM1‐KO cells had higher specific productivity and lower cell growth rates compared with the WT cells. Our findings suggest that rewiring the flux of pyruvate to the TCA cycle by deletion of PKM or PKM1 reduced cell growth and increased specific productivity in CHO cells. Overall, PKM1‐KO cells had similar product quality and comparable or better titers relative to the WT cells, hence, targeted deletion of this isoform for curbing lactogenic behavior in CHO cells is suggested.
Mutational profiling in acute lymphoblastic leukemia by RNA sequencing and chromosomal genomic array testing
Authors: Yeung Cecilia , Qu Xiaoyu , Sala‐Torra Olga , Woolston David , Radich Jerry , Fang Min 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundComprehensive molecular and cytogenetic profiling of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is important and critical to the current standard of care for patients with B‐acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL). Here we propose a rapid process for detecting gene fusions whereby FusionPlex RNA next‐generation sequencing (NGS) and DNA chromosome genomic array testing (CGAT) are combined for a more efficient approach in the management of patients with B‐ALL.MethodsWe performed RNA NGS and CGAT on 28 B‐ALL samples and, in four patients, compared fixed cell pellets to paired cryo‐preserved samples as a starting material to further assess the utility of cytogenetic fixed pellets for gene expression analysis.ResultsAmong the fixed specimens, when using alternative techniques as references, including karyotype, fluorescence in situ hybridization, CGAT, and RT‐qPCR, fusions were detected by RNA NGS with 100% sensitivity and specificity. In the four paired fixed versus fresh cryopreserved samples, fusions were also 100% concordant. Four of the 28 patients showed mutations that were detected by RNA sequencing and three of four of these mutations had well‐known drug resistance implications.ConclusionsWe conclude that FusionPlex is a robust and reliable anchored multiplex RNA sequencing platform for use in the detection of fusions in both fresh cryopreserved and cytogenetic fixed pellets. Gene expression data could only be obtained from fresh samples and although limited variant data are available, critical hotspot variants can be determined in conjunction with the fusions.
Worth it or not? Primary tumor resection for stage IV pancreatic cancer patients: A SEER‐based analysis of 15,836 cases
Authors: Fu Ningzhen , Jiang Yu , Weng Yuanchi , Chen Hao , Deng Xiaxing , Shen Baiyong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrimary tumor resection (PTR) as a treatment option for patients with stage IV pancreatic cancer (PC) is controversial.Patients and methodsStage IV PC patients, with treatment data from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER), were screened. The main outcomes were overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS).ResultsWe enrolled 15,836 stage IV PC patients in this study. Propensity score‐matched analyses revealed improved OS and CSS of patients receiving chemotherapy plus PTR versus chemotherapy (median survival time [MSTOS]: 13 vs. 9 months, p = 0.024; MSTCSS: 14 vs. 10 months, p = 0.035), and chemoradiotherapy plus PTR versus chemoradiotherapy (MSTOS: 14 vs. 7 months, p = 0.044; MSTCSS: 14 vs. 7 months, p = 0.066). Multivariate adjusted analyses further confirmed these results. Stratified with different metastatic modalities, multivariate analyses suggested that PTR significantly improved the OS and CSS among patients with ≤1 metastatic organ, and that patients with brain metastasis might not benefit from chemotherapy treatment.ConclusionPTR improves the OS and CSS of stage IV PC patients on the basis of chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy, provided that the metastases involve ≤1 organ. Chemotherapy, however, should be carefully considered in patients with metastases involving the brain.
A microRNA‐clinical prognosis model to predict the overall survival for kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhan Yating , Zhang Rongrong , Li Chunxue , Xu Xuantong , Zhu Kai , Yang Zhan , Zheng Jianjian , Guo Yong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractNumerous studies have shown that microRNA (miRNA) serves as key regulatory factors in the origin and development of cancers. However, the biological mechanisms of miRNAs in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) are still unknown. It is necessary to construct an effective miRNA‐clinical model to predict the prognosis of KIRC. In this study, 94 differentially expressed miRNAs were found between para‐tumor and tumor tissues based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Seven miRNAs (hsa‐miR‐21‐5p, hsa‐miR‐3613‐5p, hsa‐miR‐144‐5p, hsa‐miR‐376a‐5p, hsa‐miR‐5588‐3p, hsa‐miR‐1269a, and hsa‐miR‐137‐3p) were selected as prognostic indicators. According to their cox coefficient, a risk score formula was constructed. Patients with risk scores were divided into high‐ and low‐risk groups based on the median score. Kaplan–Meier curves analysis showed that the low‐risk group had a better survival probability compared to the high‐risk group. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) value of the miRNA model was 0.744. In comparison with clinical features, the miRNA model risk score was considered as an independent prognosis factor in multivariate Cox regression analysis. In addition, we built a nomogram including age, metastasis, and miRNA prognostic model based on the results of multivariate Cox regression analysis. The decision curve analysis (DCA) revealed the clinical net benefit of the prognostic model. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) results suggested that several important pathways may be the potential pathways for KIRC. The results of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis for the target genes of 7 miRNAs revealed that miRNAs may participate in KIRC progression via many specific pathways. Additionally, the levels of seven prognostic miRNAs showed a significant difference between KIRC tissues and adjacent non‐tumorous tissues. In conclusion, the miRNA‐clinical model provides an effective and accurate way to predict the prognosis of KIRC.