bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of wearing masks and gloves due to COVID-19 pandemic on skin problems and skin care in students of Medical University in Lublin
Authors: Jaremek Aleksandra , Chodun Wiktoria , Piechnik Justyna , Nieradko-Iwanicka Barbara 
Published: February 2021

Introduction. Our everyday life has changed drastically in these few months. The arrival of the new 2019-nCoV virus in December 2019 and its rapid spread from the city of Wuhan, China, has highlighted the increase in personal protective equipment (PPE).The aim of the study was to to learn about the influence of wearing masks and gloves due to COVID-19 pandemic on skin problems and skin care in students of Medical University in Lublin.Material and methods. In October 2020, we conducted a survey with use of a questionnaire.Results. A total of 59 persons completed the questionnaire. Only one person reported not wearing the mask as recommended. For 54% of participants, wearing a mask had an impact on the occurrence of skin problems, such as acne. A similar number of respondents answered positively to the question about the influence of masks on their makeup. These people used to wear much less makeup. Most of them only paint the eyes because the material is covering the mouth. More than half of the respondents do not wear gloves, they wash or disinfect hands. In 61% of respondents, there was no problems with hand skin or nails, such as brittleness, mycosis, discoloration, allergic dermatitis or contact dermatitis. The vast majority cared more about moisturizing the skin of the hands.Conclusion. Wearing masks by students of Medical University of Lublin increases skin problems like acne and reduces the amount of makeup applied. Due to wearing gloves students focus more on moisturizing the skin.
Physiotherapeutic recommendations for patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Oliwko Elżbieta , Babuśka-Roczniak Magdalena , Wojtanowska-Kaczka Magdalena , Lyubinets Oleh , Roczniak Wojciech 
Published: February 2021

Cystic fibrosis is a genetically determined disease. The development of medicine has resulted in an improvement and prolongation of life. Numerous scientific studies support the thesis that maintaining physical performance is a key element of complex treatment. The basis of treatment should be: parallel pharmacological treatment and physiotherapeutic. The aim of this work was to present the physiotherapeutic techniques used in this disease. The main methods of physiotherapeutic treatment include positional drainage, forced exhalation technique, active breathing cycle technique, autogenous drainage, variable bronchial pressure technique and increased respiratory pressure technique. Physiotherapy of the respiratory system is of major importance, the main aim of which is to prevent the deterioration of the already existing respiratory failure. Each of the presented methods of physiotherapy was created thanks to constant search for the perfect technique to cleanse the bronchial tree. This disease has a different clinical course and each technique should be adapted to the individual needs of the patient and the basis of effective therapy is systematic, daily cleansing of the bronchial mucus from the bronchial tree. Physiotherapy applied earlyIn the thoracic region, it is the treatment of choice for patients with cystic fibrosis, improves the quality of life and prolongs the patient's age. Conclusions:1. There is no effective, causal treatment for cystic fibrosis, and drug treatment comes down to treating complications and often has side effects.2. Comprehensive physiotherapy is the golden mean in the treatment of cystic fibrosis and significantly prolongs the life of patients.3. The effectiveness of physiotherapy depends on the time of commencement, regularity and personalization of treatments.
Correlation of protein content and other nutritions in human diet
Authors: Yermishev O. V. , Rudkevych A. K. , Luka O. S. 
Published: February 2021

To identify correlations between protein content and other components of the diet we evaluated the actual diet using method of analyzing frequency of food consumption (for two months) of 68 persons of different ages and genders.The results of our studies revealed the ratio of protein and energy in the actual diets of the surveyed respondents which was a fairly stable value ranging from 3.03 ± 0.07 g/kcal in respondents aged 46 to 65 years to 3.75 ± 0.09 g/kcal in the group surveyed individuals aged 11 to 14 years.Due to the fact that in the age group of 15 to 23 years 48 % of the respondents were found to be deficient in protein and energy below the approved standards, further correlation analysis of the content of protein and other nutrients in the diet was performed in this group. The respondents of this group were divided into 6 experimental groups according to the content of protein and energy in the diet.Our studies revealed strong positive correlations between protein and energy content and protein and fats content in the diet with average correlation coefficients of 0.66 and 0.46, respectively, and a low correlation between protein and carbohydrates content, the correlation coefficient was 0.16.Analysis of the structure of the actual diet revealed strong positive correlations of protein with B6 and B12 vitamins of the diet and lack of correlation with vitamins A and C in all the experimental groups.When analyzing correlations between content of protein and mineral elements of the diet we revealed strong positive correlations with an average correlation coefficient of 0.65 between protein and phosphorus and 0.36 between protein and sodium (0.36) as well as weak correlations with potassium, calcium and magnesium with correlation coefficients of 0.3, 0.25, and 0.22, respectively.
Long-term survival after surgical management of renal cell carcinoma with venous tumor thrombus
Authors: Mota Yuliya Stepanivna 
Published: February 2021

The aim: to evaluate the long-term survival in patients after surgical management of renal cell carcinoma with venous tumor thrombus.Materials and methods. From 1993 to 2019 88 patients with renal cell carcinoma, complicated by venous tumor thrombus, were observed at the Vascular surgery department of Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital: 65 (73.9%) men, 23 (26.1%) women, mean age – 58.7 ± 1.9 years. Surgical management included radical nephrectomy in combination with thrombectomy from inferior vena cava and right atrium. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used for survival analysis.Results and discussion. Long-term survival was evaluated in 78 patients, the median follow-up was 51.6±14.3 months. Cumulative 2-, 5- and 10-year survival rates of patients with renal vein tumor thrombus (78.8%, 48.1%, 37.4%) were significantly higher compared to patients with intraatrial and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus (53.5%, 38.2%, 17.2%) (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in survival among patients with renal cell carcinoma, complicated with tumor venous thrombus, without and with metastases (p>0.05). Regarding to inferior vena cava tumor thrombus level there also was no significant difference in survival (p>0.05). As for the prognostic value of tumor histological gradation, the overall survival parameters were significantly higher in patients with G1-G2 compared with G3-G4 differentiation degrees of renal cell carcinoma (p<0.05).Conclusions. Radical nephrectomy with thrombectomy from inferior vena cava and right atrium remains the only curative treatment for patients with renal cell carcinoma and venous tumor thrombus that allows to provide reasonable long-term survival outcomes.
Cranioplasty as neurosurgical procedure with potential risk of legal claims
Authors: Siedlecki Zygmunt , Gutkowska Agnieszka , Nowak Karol , Śniegocki Maciej 
Published: February 2021

We present the current state of affairs regarding the legal claims of patients after cranioplasty operations who are dissatisfied with the treatment effect and have claims that the perioperative course is unfavorable. In the period of 11 years (2010-2020), 2 legal claims were submitted in our neurosurgical center after cranioplasty. Both are civil claims. One of them about purulent infection of the bone prosthesis was found by the judgment to be unfounded. The second one concerning the alleged general condition deterioration as a consequence of cranioplasty has been declared obsolete. A cranioplasty is a surgical procedure used to correct a defect in a bone of the skull. It is not urgent sugery and is performed in patients who had been previously in serious condition. The same medical staff who previously saved the live of patients by performing brain decompression may be subject of legal claims in the case of cranioplasty. Thus, according to authors, claims of patients regarding the alleged negative effects of cranioplasty is an interesting psychological phenomenon. Authors epmhasized that cranioplasty should be considered as a procedure of increased risk of potential legal claims for medical staff.
Can webinars support the implementation of video consultations at pace and scale within the allied health professions?
Authors: Holdsworth Lesley , Provan Debbie , Nash Gail , Beswick Marc , Curran Carol , Colhart Iain , Hunter Ailidh 
Published: February 2021

Background/aims In an attempt to reduce the impact of COVID-19 and support remote working, many allied healthcare professionals were equipped with video consultation technology. To support this new way of working, profession-specific webinars were delivered and attended by over 50% of the total allied healthcare professional workforce in Scotland. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of these webinars on the knowledge and confidence of allied health professionals in delivering services via video conferencing. Methods Attendees knowledge and current video conferencing use were ascertained immediately before and after webinars. Surveys were also completed at 4 and 8 weeks after the webinar to establish any impact on clinical practice. Results Levels of understanding, knowledge and confidence increased considerably (P<0.001). Follow up at 8 weeks post webinar identified that 75.5% of attendees were using video conferencing, with allied healthcare professional video conferencing activity representing 17% of all national activity by June 2020. Conclusions Upskilling a diverse and dispersed workforce at pace and scale to enable safe remote working has been critical throughout the pandemic. Webinars have proven to be popular with staff to increase their knowledge of and ability to confidently use video conferencing to provide allied healthcare professional services across Scotland.
Myelomeningocele: A new functional classification
Authors: Dias Luciano S. , Swaroop Vineeta T. , de Angeli Luiz R. A. , Larson Jill E. , Rojas Ana-Marie , Karakostas Tasos 
Published: February 2021

Purpose In myelomeningocele, several classifications have been used. The present manuscript proposes a new functional classification to better assess the prognosis and management of these patients. Methods The manual muscle test is what defines the actual group in which the patient should be included. Furthermore, this new classification brings information about the bracing and external supports recommended to each functional level. We also recommend that the patient's Functional Mobility Scale should always be mentioned together with their functional level. Results The four levels in this classification are MMFC1, MMFC2, MMFC3 and MMFC4. The MMFC1 group includes patients with significant muscle weakness. They need to use high braces crossing the hip joint with a walker to achieve some ambulation. The MMFC2 group includes patients who have functional hip flexors, knee extensors and knee flexors. However, the hip abductors are quite weak. These patients usually need to use a walker - or crutches - and Ankle-Foot Orthosis (AFOs). The MMFC3 group includes patients with functional hip flexors, knee extensors, knee flexors and hip abductors. However, the ankle plantar flexion function is absent. Most of them are able to walk independently, only using AFOs without any external support. The MMFC4 group includes patients who have preserved function in the entire lower limb musculature. These patients don't need any assistive devices to achieve an adequate ambulation pattern. Conclusions We hope that this new classification is a system that is simple to understand, serves as a gait prognosis guide and facilitates communication among healthcare professionals. Level of evidence V
IVRA: Romanas, visigodas y bizantinas. Una experiencia de innovación docente en clave de género
Authors: Bravo Bosch Mª José , Ortuño Pérez Mª Eugenia , Valmaña Ochaíta Alicia , Vizcaíno Sánchez Jaime , Rodríguez López Rosalía , Ruíz Valderas Mª Elena , Salazar Revuelta María , Vallejo Pérez Gema , Osaba García Mª Esperanza 
Published: February 2021

La experiencia que se presenta pretende, por un lado, cubrir la necesidad de crear unos materiales docentes en los que la transversalidad, la interdisciplinariedad y las competencias de género y ciudadanía fueran su hilo conductor con la finalidad de que se pudieran utilizar en los estudios jurídicos y, en especial, en el marco de las asignaturas relacionadas con el Derecho Romano. Por otra parte, pretende ser una experiencia en innovación docente, que ha derivado en la realización de investigación científica sobre la materia. Todo ello se ha llevado a cabo por un grupo esencialmente de profesoras de carácter interuniversitario y multidisciplinar. Además, la transferencia de resultados obtenidos ha sobrepasado el ámbito universitario para llegar a la sociedad en general.
Teoría de sesgos en el sistema educativo de la democracia del siglo XXI Nuevas garantías para la libertad de pensamiento, el “Derecho a no ser engañados”
Authors: González de la Garza Luís Miguel 
Published: February 2021

La forma en la que la mente humana procesa la información es un aspecto fundamental de nuestra manera de aproximarnos a la realidad, íntimamente conectado con lo anterior se encuentra el problema de cuando la mente humana procesa esa información de forma errónea o defectuosa como consecuencia del procesamiento de esta a través de los sesgos cognitivos que nos caracterizan. Los sesgos cognitivos juegan un papel fundamental en nuestra visión de la realidad, del mundo que nos rodea y, por ello, su identificación es fundamental para prevenir los peores efectos de tales sesgos sobre el procesamiento de la información y los efectos que esas distorsiones de procesamiento pueden tener sobre nosotros. El conocimiento de los sesgos o de las heurísticas debería formar parte de la educación de las personas en los currículos formativos, si bien, es importante determinar el momento en el que esa educación debe incorporarse a la formación de los jóvenes. La formación de la ciudadanía en nuestras modernas democráticas de información debe conocer las fuentes de distorsión autónoma de procesamiento de la información que depende de nuestra propia naturaleza humana y evolutiva para poder así desarrollar estrategias que prevengan, en la medida de lo posible, tales errores, en muchos casos catastróficos, y que pueden conducir a sociedades mejor adaptadas para comprender y razonar en entornos cada vez más complejos y exigentes.
Self-Determination Assessment in Adults With and Without Intellectual Disability
Authors: Shogren Karrie A. , Rifenbark Graham G. , Hagiwara Mayumi 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article analyzes the reliability and factor structure of the Self-Determination Inventory: Adult Report (SDI:AR) in adults with and without intellectual disability. There is a critical need for contemporary assessment tools given the emphasis on self-determination outcomes in disability supports and services. The findings suggest that the same set of items can be used across adults with and without intellectual disability. However, there are significant differences in overall self-determination across adults with and without intellectual disability, with adults with intellectual disability scoring lower on the SDI:AR. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Prevalence of intestinal parasite among patients attending two hospitals in French Guiana: A 6-year retrospective study
Authors: Aboikoni Alolia , Allaire Manon , Louvel Dominique , Blanchet Denis , Dao Thong , Carod Jean-François , Demar Magalie 
Published: February 2021

Introduction
Intestinal parasitic diseases are a global health problem. Due to its equatorial climate, vast territory with isolated areas and the precariousness of its population, intestinal parasitosis is considered to be a major issue in French Guiana but only few data are available and these mainly focus on specific population. We aimed at determining the parasitic index and at describing the characteristics of these infections in order to develop preventive strategies.

Material and methods
We retrospectively analysed all the parasitological samples recorded in the register of the two main laboratories of French Guiana between 2011 and 2016. The parasitic index was the percentage of parasitised patients in comparison with the total number of subjects studied. A patient who underwent several positive parasitological examinations was considered only once in the analysis at the time of the first sampling.

Results
A total of 15,220 parasitological samples of 9,555 patients were analysed and 2,916 were positive in 1,521 patients. The average infestation rate and parasitic index were 19.2% and 16.0%, respectively. The parasitic index remained stable between 2011 (18.2%) and 2016 (18.3%). The patients were mainly men (66.4%), with a median age of 33.0 years (26.3% of patients were under 18 years of age) and lived mainly in the Central Agglomeration (48.2%) and in West Guiana (37.4%). Hookworms were the most common parasite (25.2%) followed by Entamoeba coli (13.3%), Strongyloides stercoralis (10.9%) and Giardia intestinalis (10.8%). Among the infected patients, 31.0% presented mixed infections and 67.5% of them had at least one pathogenic parasite. The patients aged from 0 to 18 years presented significantly more polyparasitism (30.9%) than monoparasitism (24.3%, p<0.001). Ancylostoma sp and Strongyloides stercoralis were mainly diagnosed during the rainy season (59.5% and 64.7% respectively), in men (78.6% and 81.1% respectively) and in patients aged from 18 to 65 years (86.6% and 76.6% respectively) whereas, Giardia intestinalis infected mostly children under 5 years (59.5%) of age.

Conclusion
Although it may not be representative of the entire Guyanese population, the parasitic index remained high and stable from 2011 and 2016 and it justifies the need for an active prevention program as it was already done in the other French overseas departments such as Martinique and Guadeloupe.
The presence of knockdown resistance mutations reduces male mating competitiveness in the major arbovirus vector, Aedes aegypti
Authors: Rigby Lisa M. , Johnson Brian J. , Rašić Gordana , Peatey Christopher L. , Hugo Leon E. , Beebe Nigel W. , Hartel Gunter F. , Devine Gregor J. 
Published: February 2021

Background
The development of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes can have pleiotropic effects on key behaviours such as mating competition and host-location. Documenting these effects is crucial for understanding the dynamics and costs of insecticide resistance and may give researchers an evidence base for promoting vector control programs that aim to restore or conserve insecticide susceptibility.

Methods and findings
We evaluated changes in behaviour in a backcrossed strain of Aedes aegypti, homozygous for two knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations (V1016G and S989P) isolated in an otherwise fully susceptible genetic background. We compared biting activity, host location behaviours, wing beat frequency (WBF) and mating competition between the backcrossed strain, and the fully susceptible and resistant parental strains from which it was derived. The presence of the homozygous kdr mutations did not have significant effects on blood avidity, the time to locate a host, or WBF in females. There was, however, a significant reduction in mean WBF in males and a significant reduction in estimated male mating success (17.3%), associated with the isolated kdr genotype.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate a cost of insecticide resistance associated with an isolated kdr genotype and manifest as a reduction in male mating success. While there was no recorded difference in WBF between the females of our strains, the significant reduction in male WBF recorded in our backcrossed strain might contribute to mate-recognition and mating disruption. These consequences of resistance evolution, especially when combined with other pleiotropic fitness costs that have been previously described, may encourage reversion to susceptibility in the absence of insecticide selection pressures. This offers justification for the implementation of insecticide resistance management strategies based on the rotation or alternation of different insecticide classes in space and time.
Barriers to healthcare access and healthcare seeking for childhood illnesses among childbearing women in sub-Saharan Africa: A multilevel modelling of Demographic and Health Surveys
Authors: Ahinkorah Bright Opoku , Budu Eugene , Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Agbaglo Ebenezer , Adu Collins , Ameyaw Edward Kwabena , Ampomah Irene Gyamfuah , Archer Anita Gracious , Kissah-Korsah Kwaku , Yaya Sanni 
Published: February 2021

Introduction
The success of current policies and interventions on providing effective access to treatment for childhood illnesses hinges on families’ decisions relating to healthcare access. In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), there is an uneven distribution of child healthcare services. We investigated the role played by barriers to healthcare accessibility in healthcare seeking for childhood illnesses among childbearing women in SSA.

Materials and methods
Data on 223,184 children under five were extracted from Demographic and Health Surveys of 29 sub-Saharan African countries, conducted between 2010 and 2018. The outcome variable for the study was healthcare seeking for childhood illnesses. The data were analyzed using Stata version 14.2 for windows. Chi-square test of independence and a two-level multivariable multilevel modelling were carried out to generate the results. Statistical significance was pegged at p<0.05. We relied on ‘Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology’ (STROBE) statement in writing the manuscript.

Results
Eighty-five percent (85.5%) of women in SSA sought healthcare for childhood illnesses, with the highest and lowest prevalence in Gabon (75.0%) and Zambia (92.6%) respectively. In terms of the barriers to healthcare access, we found that women who perceived getting money for medical care for self as a big problem [AOR = 0.81 CI = 0.78–0.83] and considered going for medical care alone as a big problem [AOR = 0.94, CI = 0.91–0.97] had lower odds of seeking healthcare for their children, compared to those who considered these as not a big problem. Other factors that predicted healthcare seeking for childhood illnesses were size of the child at birth, birth order, age, level of community literacy, community socio-economic status, place of residence, household head, and decision-maker for healthcare.

Conclusion
The study revealed a relationship between barriers to healthcare access and healthcare seeking for childhood illnesses in sub-Saharan Africa. Other individual and community level factors also predicted healthcare seeking for childhood illnesses in sub-Saharan Africa. This suggests that interventions aimed at improving child healthcare in sub-Saharan Africa need to focus on these factors.