bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Einführung des Eurocodes 8 in der Schweiz
Authors: Wenk Thomas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn der Schweiz erfolgte die Einführung des Eurocodes 8 in drei Phasen. Die erste Phase umfasst seit 2003 eine Neufassung der SIA‐Tragwerksnormen abgestimmt auf die Eurocodes, wobei die Erdbebenbestimmungen in die übrigen Tragwerksnormen integriert wurden. In der zweiten Phase wurden ab 2005 alle sechs Teile des Eurocodes 8 als Schweizer Normen zusammen mit einem Nationalen Vorwort publiziert. Auf die Festlegung nationaler Parameter in einem Nationalen Anhang wurde vorerst verzichtet. Diese müssen projektbezogen festgelegt werden, abgestimmt auf die SIA‐Tragwerksnormen. In der dritten Phase wurde für den Teil 1 (Allgemeine Regeln und Hochbauten) sowie für den Teil 2 (Brücken) des Eurocodes 8 je ein Nationaler Anhang erstellt und 2019 publiziert. Bei den übrigen vier Teilen des Eurocodes 8, die Spezialbauwerke und bestehende Bauten betreffen, wurde auf einen Nationalen Anhang definitiv verzichtet. Der Beitrag erläutert den Hintergrund des dreiphasigen Vorgehens und dessen Akzeptanz in der Praxis. Ein besonderer Fokus wird auf die Erdbebenzonenkarte und deren Abstimmung entlang der Grenzen zu den Nachbarländern gelegt. Den Abschluss bildet ein Ausblick auf die geplante Einführung der Eurocodes der zweiten Generation (EC2G), die ab 2025 beginnen wird.
Severe Acute Hepatitis in a COVID‐19 patient: A Case Report
Authors: Dehghani Shakiba , Teimouri Azam 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLiver enzymes abnormalities are one of the reported presentations of coronavirus infection mostly in hospitalized patients. It is important that physicians take all the possible causes of acute hepatitis in consideration when dealing with abnormal liver enzymes in a patient with COVID‐19 infection to reduce the risk of overlooking the underlying disease. Hereby, we reported case of a 39‐year‐Old man who presented with severe acute hepatitis and was infected with COVID‐19, hepatitis A and herpes simplex virus simultaneously.
Motor performance after treatment of pilocytic astrocytoma in the posterior fossa in childhood
Authors: Kristiansen Ingela , Frykberg Gunilla E. , Höglund Anette , Sondell Annette , Strömberg Bo , Frisk Per 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundPilocytic astrocytoma is the most common brain tumour type in childhood located in the posterior fossa, and treated mainly with surgery. These tumours have low mortality, but knowledge concerning its long‐term outcome is sparse.AimsThe aim was to investigate if patients treated for pilocytic astrocytoma in the posterior fossa had motor complications, including balance, motor and process skills.Methods and ResultsThis descriptive single‐centre study includes eight children and 12 adults, treated for pilocytic astrocytoma as children. Motor performance was investigated with Bruininks–Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition, and dynamic balance with the mini‐balance evaluation systems test. Physiological cost index, six‐minute walk test, hand grip strength and assessment of motor and process skills were also evaluated. Ten patients reported motor difficulties, mainly from the upper limbs. The motor performance test showed results within normal limits except for manual dexterity, which was significantly below mean (p = .008). In the dynamic balance test patients had significantly lower results compared with controls (p = .036). Physiological cost index, six‐minute walk tests and hand grip strength showed results within normal limits. In the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills, patients over 16 years had significantly lower results compared with test norms for motor activities of daily living (ADL) and 30% of all patients scored below the cut‐off level for difficulties with motor skills.ConclusionsMotor performance for patients treated for pilocytic astrocytoma in the posterior fossa in childhood is satisfactory but some patients display difficulties with balance, manual dexterity and ADL motor skills. Thus, it is important to identify those in need of motor follow‐up and training.
Eating expectancies and hedonic hunger among individuals with bulimia‐spectrum eating disorders who plan binge‐eating episodes
Authors: Parker Megan N. , Wilkinson Megan L. , Hunt Rowan A. , Ortiz Alessandra , Manasse Stephanie M. , Juarascio Adrienne S. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectiveBinge planning (BP; i.e., preparatory thoughts and actions to facilitate future binge‐eating episodes) is hypothesized to distract individuals from negative affect and increase the salience of food. Thus, individuals who engage in BP may report greater positive eating expectancies (i.e., beliefs about the outcomes of eating) and hedonic hunger (i.e., desire to eat for pleasure), as BP may increase the likelihood of obtaining these expected outcomes; but empirical tests of this possibility are needed.MethodPrior to starting treatment, adults (N = 86) with bulimia‐spectrum eating disorders were assessed for engagement in BP and self‐reported on eating expectancies and hedonic hunger.ResultsTwenty‐nine participants (33.7%) reported planning at least one binge‐eating episode in the previous 28 days. Compared to individuals who did not report BP, individuals who reported BP had greater expectancies that eating would alleviate negative affect (t = −2.54, p = .013) and boredom (U = 503.50, p = .006). Groups did not differ on levels of hedonic hunger (t = −1.68, p = .096).DiscussionThese findings suggest that BP status is linked to expectancies that eating will reduce negative affect. However, more data are needed to determine the temporal relationships among eating expectancies, hedonic hunger and BP.Trial registration numbersNCT02716831, NCT03673540
Performance as Methodology: Embodied Archives and Fabulation
Authors: gurudev siri 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe discipline of anthropology is one of the foundational stones for performance studies, to the extent that it provided one of our most common methodologies for research: ethnography. However, in this essay, I am interested in what anthropology can learn from performance studies methodologically, namely, looking at performance as a valuable research method, especially for an intersectional feminist practice. Following Saidiya Hartman's scholarship, and Tavia Nyong'o's and Consuelo Pabón's readings of Gilles Deleuze, I use the concept of fabulation to explore and interpret the potency of performance as methodology. Through an analysis of a performance piece by the Ensemble Kashmir Theatre Akademi (EKTA), I argue that performance offers the possibility to enact a register of the past (based on an embodied archive) at the same time that it has the potential to produce ephemeral visions of a future of liberation. In the end, I argue that moving beyond looking and writing about embodied practices, which anthropologists have done extensively, toward the purposeful creation of performance in the context of anthropological research can serve as a fruitful tool to practice feminist positionality.
Effect of polyphenols on mixing properties and solvent retention of wheat flour doughs
Authors: Koh Bong‐Kyung , Kongraksawech Teepakorn , Ross Andrew S 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effect of polyphenol addition on dough mixing properties and flour functionality was examined using flours from different wheat varieties.RESULTSBoth the mixograph and farinograph experiments showed that polyphenol addition affected dough stability and optimum mixing time. These effects were most apparent in hard wheat flour with the addition of catechin. Water absorption was dependent on wheat variety (P < 0.0001) but not on the addition of polyphenols (P = 0.54). Except for the 5 g kg−1sodium carbonate solvent retention capacity (SRC), SRC values of the flours were dependent on wheat variety but not on polyphenol addition. However, 5 g kg−1sodium carbonate SRC was significantly increased by the addition of caffeic acid and catechin. Since sodium carbonate SRC is associated with damaged starch levels, further investigations are needed to see how polyphenols influence either the absorption of a sodium carbonate solution or the starch itself.CONCLUSIONPolyphenol addition affected dough stability and optimum mixing time. Addition of catechin to hard wheat flour was most effective. Water absorption and SRC values except for 5 g kg−1sodium carbonate solvent were affected by the wheat variety, but not by polyphenol addition. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Preoperative SARS‐CoV‐2 Screening Fails to Detect Viral Particles Prior to Airway Surgery
Authors: Osterbauer Beth , Yalamanchili Ronica , Hochstim Christian , Ge Marshall , Dien Bard Jennifer , Ference Elisabeth H. , Gomez Gabriel 
Published: October 2021

Objectives/HypothesisChildren have higher rates of asymptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infections or milder courses of infection, and their carrier status may potentially impact viral transmission to those providing them care. The aim of this study is to compare the existing COVID‐19 preoperative screening protocols to the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 viral particles in surgical samples.Study DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study with consecutive convenience sampling of children undergoing adenoidectomy between January and April 2021. Total nucleic acid was extracted from adenoid tissue and real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction was conducted to test for the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 viral particles. Univariate logistic regression was used to summarize the effect size of variables of interest on the odds of having SARS‐CoV‐2 positive adenoid tissue.ResultsForty adenoid samples were collected and 11 (27.5%) had a positive SARS‐CoV‐2 reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction. Patients with positive adenoids were older (11.8 vs. 7.9 years, odds ratio: 1.3, P = .01) and more likely to have had a positive nasopharyngeal swab in the previous 90 days (4/11 or 36% vs. 0).ConclusionThese data are the first report on the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 particles in pediatric adenoidectomy specimens, with a high percentage of patients showing evidence of viral particles within the adenoid. This finding calls in to question the utility of preoperative COVID screening protocols which have yet to be rigorously validated in asymptomatic patients and have the potential to delay patients' surgical care.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:1665–1667, 2022
Predictive value of difficult airway identifiers for intubation‐related complications in the emergency department
Authors: Calamari Kevin , Politano Stephen , Brannan Zachary , Rygalski Chandler , Matrka Laura 
Published: October 2021

AbstractObjectivesThe Airway Alert banner at our institution alerts physicians to patients with the potential for a difficult intubation. Difficult airway guidelines can reduce intubation complications in the operating room, but little research has been done in the emergency department (ED). We hypothesize that patients meeting criteria for the banner will have a more difficult intubation and increased complications.MethodsPatients greater than 18 years old who presented to the ED for any complaint and required intubation were reviewed from January 2015 to January 2020 and divided into those meeting criteria for a difficult airway (“criteria cohort”) and those who did not (“non‐criteria cohort”). Past medical history and details of the intubation were collected.ResultsThe mean number of attempts for intubation was 1.60 in the criteria cohort and 1.36 in the non‐criteria cohort (P > .05). The mean grade of view was 1.73 and 1.39, respectively (P < .05). The average size of endotracheal tube was 7.50 and 7.74 in the criteria and non‐criteria cohorts (P < .05). The use of adjuncts was 28.6% and 12.5%, respectively (P < .01). The average number of intubation attempts and complication rate did not differ significantly.ConclusionsIntubations in patients meeting criteria for the banner are associated with a more difficult view, use of smaller endotracheal tube, and increased use of adjuncts, but not with a significantly higher rate of complications or attempts. Physicians should prepare with additional endotracheal tube sizes, adjuncts, and a plan for secondary strategies in these patients.Level of Evidence2b.
Technical Note: Field size analysis of patient‐specific quality assurance in scanned carbon ion radiotherapy
Authors: Deng Yu , Wang Qianxia , Huang Zhijie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the dose difference between measurement and double Gaussian beam model prediction according to the field size and correct the measurements in patient‐specific quality assurance (QA).MethodsThe field size dependence of the dose was evaluated with volumes of 20 × 20 × 80 mm3, 40 × 40 × 80 mm3, 60 × 60 × 80 mm3, and 80 × 80 × 80 mm3 of 1 Gy uniform dose at three depths. Additional two 80 × 80 × 80 mm3 volumes of nonuniform fields were created: one high‐dose field was given 1 Gy at the central 40 × 40 mm2 and 0.5 Gy in its surrounding, and the other low‐dose field was given 0.5 Gy in the middle and 1 Gy at the periphery. The dose in the center of the spread‐out Bragg peak (SOBP) was measured in a water phantom and compared with the treatment planning system (TPS) predication. A field factor based on the two‐dimensional (2D) dose distribution was proposed to estimate the field size. The field factor was first evaluated against the dose difference in the square fields, and then used to analyze and correct the patient‐specific QA results.ResultsTPS overestimated dose for fields smaller than 80 × 80 mm2. A practically positive correlation was observed between the measured dose and the field factor. In the patient‐specific QA, measured doses were lower than the TPS predication as they were calculated a relatively small field factor. The corrected dose differences were no longer field factor dependent.ConclusionsUsing the proposed field factor, we have shown that all the measurements with a large dose deviation were due to the small‐sized field. It is clinically relevant to take into consideration the field size in the QA analysis as long as the double Gaussian beam model being used for the dose calculation. Correction to the measurement can be made based on the field factor.
Pathological and normal variability of foot bones in osteological collections from Catalonia (Spain) and Lazio (Italy)
Authors: Saldías Eduardo , Isidro Albert , Martínez‐Labarga Cristina , Coppa Alfredo , Rubini Mauro , Vila Bernardo , Malgosa Assumpció 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA wide number of factors can affect the structure of the bones in the foot. In bioarchaeology, few studies about foot anomalies include population comparisons and changes across time. We aimed to identify normal and pathological variability that affected the foot in the recent history of West Mediterranean populations. Thus, we analyzed change in occurrence of rare variants, pathological lesions, entheseal morphology, and their probable causes. We studied 518 pairs of skeletonized feet dated from the 2nd–20th centuries CE, from Catalonia (Spain) and the region of Lazio (Italy). Moreover, a Neolithic series from Oman has been analyzed for contrast. We found that calcaneal spur, hypertrophic peroneal trochlea of calcaneus, periosteal reaction of talar neck, alteration of articular surface to lateral cuneiform, displaced talar neck to medial plane, osteophytes in cuneiform‐navicular joint, fused phalanges, and forefoot eburnation showed significant differences among countries. Contrasting by countries and dates, we noticed an increase in the frequencies of these variables from Spain over the centuries. Conversely, there are no temporal differences among the Italian series. The period encompassing the 10th–19th centuries CE demonstrated the highest differences between countries. Lifestyle, occupations, footwear, and geography could be the origin of variability.
Peptides and peptidomimetics as therapeutic agents for Covid‐19
Authors: Dahal Achyut , Sonju Jafrin Jobayer , Kousoulas Konstantin G. , Jois Seetharama D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) Covid‐19 pandemic has caused high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Virus entry into cells can be blocked using several strategies, including inhibition of protein‐protein interactions (PPIs) between the viral spike glycoprotein and cellular receptors, as well as blocking of spike protein conformational changes that are required for cleavage/activation and fusogenicity. The spike‐mediated viral attachment and entry into cells via fusion of the viral envelope with cellular membranes involve PPIs mediated by short peptide fragments exhibiting particular secondary structures. Thus, peptides that can inhibit these PPIs may be used as potential antiviral agents preventing virus entry and spread. This review is focused on peptides and peptidomimetics as PPI modulators and protease inhibitors against SARS‐CoV‐2.
Progress in methodologies and quality‐control strategies in protein cross‐linking mass spectrometry
Authors: Yugandhar Kumar , Zhao Qiuye , Gupta Shobhita , Xiong Dapeng , Yu Haiyuan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDeciphering the interaction networks and structural dynamics of proteins is pivotal to better understanding their biological functions. Cross‐linking mass spectrometry (XL‐MS) is a powerful and increasingly popular technology that provides information about protein‐protein interactions and their structural constraints for individual proteins and multiprotein complexes on a proteome‐scale. In this review, we first assess the coverage and depth of the XL‐MS technique by utilizing publicly available datasets. We then delve into the progress in XL‐MS experimental and computational methodologies and examine different quality‐control strategies reported in the literature. Finally, we discuss the progress in XL‐MS applications along with the scope for future improvements.
Avoided deconfinement in Randall-Sundrum models
Authors: Agrawal Prateek , Nee Michael 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We study first order phase transitions in Randall-Sundrum models in the early universe dual to confinement in large-N gauge theories. The transition rate to the confined phase is suppressed by a factor exp(−N2), and may not complete for N » 1, instead leading to an eternally inflating phase. To avoid this fate, the resulting constraint on N makes the RS effective field theory only marginally under control. We present a mechanism where the IR brane remains stabilized at very high temperature, so that the theory stays in the confined phase at all times after inflation and reheating. We call this mechanism avoided deconfinement. The mechanism involves adding new scalar fields on the IR brane which provide a stablilizing contribution to the radion potential at finite temperature, in a spirit similar to Weinberg’s symmetry non-restoration mechanism. Avoided deconfinement allows for a viable cosmology for theories with parametrically large N. Early universe cosmological phenomena such as WIMP freeze-out, axion abundance, baryogenesis, phase transitions, and gravitational wave signatures are qualitatively modified.
A NONSYMMETRIC VERSION OF OKOUNKOV’S BC-TYPE INTERPOLATION MACDONALD POLYNOMIALS
Authors: DISVELD NIELS , KOORNWINDER TOM H. , STOKMAN JASPER V. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNonsymmetric interpolation Laurent polynomials innvariables are introduced, with the interpolation points depending onqand on an-tuple of parametersτ = (τ1, …, τn). Whenτi = stn − 1, Okounkov’s 3-parameter BCn-type interpolation Macdonald polynomials are recovered from the nonsymmetric interpolation Laurent polynomials through Hecke algebra symmetrisation with respect to a type CnHecke algebra action. In the Appendix we give some conjectures about extra vanishing, based on Mathematica computations in rank two.
Clinical features and long-term prognosis of patients with congestive heart failure taking tolvaptan: a comparison of patients with preserved and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Seki Toshiki , Kubota Yoshiaki , Matsuda Junya , Tokita Yukichi , Iwasaki Yu-ki , Shimizu Wataru 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFew studies have investigated the clinical benefit of the long-term use of tolvaptan (TLV) for heart failure (HF). This study evaluated the long-term prognosis of patients administered TLV for > 1 year among patients who had HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and those who had HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Overall, 591 consecutive patients were admitted to our hospital and administered TLV for HF between 2011 and 2018. We retrospectively enrolled 147 patients who were administered TLV for > 1 year. We divided them into the HFpEF group (n = 77, 52.4%) and the HFrEF group (n = 70; 47.6%). Their clinical backgrounds and long-term prognosis were examined. Compared with the patients in the HFrEF group, the patients in the HFpEF group were significantly older and included more women. Moreover, the HFpEF group showed significantly lower all-cause mortality (38.6% vs. 24.7%; log-rank, P = 0.014) and cardiovascular mortality during the average 2.7-year follow-up. Univariate analysis revealed that all-cause mortality was correlated with male sex, HFpEF, and changes in serum creatinine levels from baseline. Multivariate analysis revealed that HFpEF was an independent influencing factor for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 0.44; 95% confidence interval, 0.23–0.86; P = 0.017). Long-term administration of TLV may be more beneficial for HFpEF than for HFrEF.
Nighttime lights and wealth in very small areas:
Authors: Määttä Ilari , Ferreira Thomas , Leßmann Christian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNighttime lights observed from satellites are a widely accepted proxy measure for economic development. This is mainly based on cross-country evidence that finds strong correlations between lights and Gross Domestic Product. Yet, the evidence on the correlations at local levels is scarce, and it often relies on randomly sampled survey data. We contribute by enhancing the understanding of the relationship between light and development at local levels. First, we use complete (non-publicly available) census data from Namibia to evaluate the findings based on the randomly sampled Demographic and Health Surveys data. We find that the census data provides a stronger association between light and wealth at local levels. Second, we criticize the practice of aggregating light from buffers around survey cluster locations. Instead, we recommend aggregating data in grid cells, and studying the relationship in different grid sizes. In our study correlations based on grid cells remain significant from a 0.5 degree grid to the smallest 0.0083 degree grid (~1 km2) allowed by the nighttime light data. Third, we supplement the commonly used relative wealth index by using individual asset variables as proxies for the total stock of wealth. The stock variables reveal a significant association between changes in light and wealth which cannot be found using our relative wealth index. Altogether, our results show that nighttime lights provide an even stronger signal of economic development at local levels than the current survey-based results in the literature suggest.