bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tomographic Parameters of Recurrent Macular Edema Due to Retinal Vein Occlusion during Antiangiogenic Therapy
Authors: Khokhlova D. Yu. , Loskutov I. A. 
Published: October 2021

Purpose: to establish the tomographic parameters to predict the recurrent of macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion.Patients and methods. This is a retrospective study of 54 patients (54 eyes) with macular edema, no more than 3 months old, who had recurrent of macular edema after 3 intravitreal injections of aflibercept. Standard ophthalmological examination, spectral optical coherence tomography, intravitreal injections of aflibercept according to instruction, and statistical analysis of the data were conducted.Results. Recurrence of macular edema developed on average 6.3 ± 1.2 weeks after three injections of aflibercept. We identified of the most significant prognostic tomographic parameters affecting the recurrent of macular edema during intravitreal injections of aflibercept — central foveal thickness > 500 μm (OR 2.1, p = 0.01), the presence of serous retinal detachment (OR 5.1, p = 0.001), the presence of hyperreflective foci (OR 3.7, p = 0.03), alteration of external limiting membrane (OR 4.7, p = 0.01), disruption of the photoreceptor innersegment/outer segment junction (OR 3.4, p = 0.01), disruption of retinal pigment epithelium (OR 2.1, p = 0.02).Conclusion: the recurrent of macular edema with retinal vein occlusion during antiangiogenic therapy depends on baseline tomographic parameters. Our results can be important in predicting the duration and effectiveness of antiangiogenic therapy in a particular patient at the beginning of the disease, which makes the approach to management more personalized, promising in economic, social and psychological aspects.
A study of association between serum thyroid stimulating hormone concentration and thyroid cancer and also to assess whether serum thyroid stimulating hormone levels are of value in predicting malignancy in patients with thyroid swelling
Authors: Bright Benny , Mathew Joe , Thomas Jacob P. , George Robinson 
Published: October 2021

Background: Thyroid neoplasm includes both benign and malignant tumors arising in the thyroid gland. Although thyroid cancer accounts for less than 1% of all cancers, the challenge to clinicians is to identify the minority of thyroid nodules that harbor malignancy. There are a number of well-established predictors of malignancy in thyroid nodules. More recently a few studies have suggested that higher concentration of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), even within the normal range are associated with subsequent diagnosis of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodules and even higher serum TSH levels have been found associated with advanced stages of thyroid cancer. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 220 cases without overt thyroid dysfunction attending Department of general surgery, Pushpagiri institute of medical science, Thiruvalla. Results: In our study incidence of malignancy of thyroid carcinoma was highest in patients with serum TSH concentrations, in range of 3.5 mIU/l-5.25 mIU/l, 55 patients out of 220 patients. Individually, incidence of papillary carcinoma (PC) (36/55 patients), follicular carcinoma (FC) (17/55 patients) and Hurthle cell carcinoma (HCC) (2/55 patients) were more in patients with higher TSH. So, from the study it can be clearly state that elevated TSH can be used as an independent predictor of thyroid malignancy. Higher TSH values are associated with papillary thyroid carcinoma.Conclusions: An elevated TSH can be used as an independent predictor of thyroid malignancy, especially for anticipating a probability of papillary carcinoma of thyroid.
Thinking forward: 3-D printing in orthodontics
Authors: Shetty Shreya K , Ahmed Nausheer , Urukalan Haritha , Nikhil P M  , Younus Abrar , Bhat Ranjan K R 
Published: October 2021

Advancements in the field of digital technology has vastly influenced various industries including dental practice. 3-D printing is one such development that has revolutionized the manufacturing industry and has become a subject of great interest in the field of dentistry. With the greatest advantage of 3-D printing being customization, it has become an important tool in delivering precise appliances and surgical guides. This article reviews the applications and incorporation of 3-D printing technology and recent advances applicable into dental practice, oral surgery and orthodontics.
Fabrication of zero-valent iron nanoparticles by green and chemical reduction methods: Application in the field of antibacterial activities for medicinal point of view
Authors: Srivastava Manish , Tomer Preeti , Srivastava Anamika , Sharma Swapnil 
Published: October 2021

In the area of life sciences,iron nanoparticles (Fe NPs) have many applications. In this paper, the unique properties of iron nanoparticles as antimicrobials are studied. In this study, nanoparticles of iron have been fabricated by green and chemical reduction method. With the help of FESEM analysis and Zeta size analysis, the usual value of nanoparticles was found to be 10-30 nm in size. Furthermore, the prepared nanoparticles were examined for antibacterial perspective aligned with gram-positive and negative strains namely Staphylococcus aureus & Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli, using agar plate method and IC was also estimated using tube dilution assay.
Dietary supplementation of organic selenium to improve growth performance and protein utilization in African catfish fed with different protein level diets
Authors: Darmawangsa Giri Maruto , Suprayudi Muhammad Agus , Utomo Nurbambang Priyo , Ekasari Julie 
Published: October 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic selenium supplementation on diet with different protein levels on the growth performance and protein utilization of African catfish juvenile. A randomized 2×3 factorial design with two dietary protein levels (27% and 32%) and three dietary selenium (Se) supplementation levels (0 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, and 6 mg/kg diet) in triplicates were applied in the study. African catfish juvenile with an initial average body weight and body length of 27.00 ± 0.14 g and 15.0 ± 0.5 cm, respectively, was reared in 18 units of aquarium (141 L) at a density of 142 fish/m3 for a rearing period of 40 days. Increasing organic Se supplementation level up to 6 mg/kg at high protein feed resulted in higher fish growth and final biomass, lower FCR, and higher protein utilization efficiency than those of other treatments. Furthermore, supplementation of organic Se also resulted in lower lipid and higher Se concentrations in the fish body as well as higher blood protein level compared to those of the control. In conclusion, the result of this study suggested that dietary supplementation of organic Se up to 6 mg/kg could enhance the growth and protein utilization in African catfish fed with both low and high protein diet.

Keywords: African catfish, growth, dietary protein, protein utilization, organic selenium.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh suplementasi selenium organik pada pakan dengan kadar protein yang berbeda terhadap kinerja pertumbuhan dan pemanfaatan protein pakan ikan lele Clarias gariepenus. Penelitian didesain menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial 2×3 dengan dua tingkat protein pakan (27% dan 32%) dan tiga tingkat suplementasi selenium (Se) pakan (0 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, dan 6 mg/kg diet) sebanyak tiga ulangan. Ikan lele yang digunakan memiliki bobot awal rata-rata dan panjang tubuh 27 ± 0.14 g dan 15.0 ± 0.5 cm, dipelihara dalam 18 unit akuarium (141 L) dengan kepadatan 142 ekor/m3 selama 40 hari pemeliharaan. Peningkatan suplementasi Se organik hingga 6 mg/kg pada ikan yang diberi pakan protein tinggi menghasilkan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan dan biomassa akhir yang lebih tinggi, FCR yang lebih rendah, dan efisiensi pemanfaatan protein pakan yang lebih tinggi daripada perlakuan lain. Selain itu, suplementasi Se organik juga menghasilkan kadar lemak yang lebih rendah dan konsentrasi Se tubuh yang lebih tinggi serta kadar protein darah yang lebih tinggi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu suplementasi Se organik pada pakan hingga 6 mg/kg dapat meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan dan pemanfaatan protein pakan pada ikan lele yang diberi pakan dengan kadar protein rendah dan tinggi.

Kata kunci: ikan lele, pertumbuhan, protein pakan, pemanfaatan protein, selenium organik.
International Regime Approach in the Development of Indonesia’s 2004 Post-Aceh Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Regulations
Authors: Marietta Nathania Dwi , Sudirman Arfin 
Published: October 2021

Pada Desember 2004, sebuah tsunami menerjang Aceh, Nias, dan sebagian Sumatera Utara pasca terjadinya gempa berkekuatan 9.0 SR, memberikan dampak yang melampaui kapasitas pemerintah Indonesia untuk menanggulanginya sehingga Indonesia harus membuka dirinya terhadap bantuan kemanusiaan internasional. Tetapi, ketiadaan peraturan perundangan yang mengatur segala hal mengenai kebencanaan dan penerimaan bantuan internasional di Indonesia semakin memperkeruh keadaan. Dengan adanya Resolusi Majelis Umum PBB No. 46/182 Tahun 1991 sebagai salah satu wujud rezim internasional, pada tahun 2004 Indonesia dapat menerima bantuan kemanusiaan internasional dengan baik. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menelaah perkembangan peraturan perundangan kebencanaan di Indonesia yang terjadi pasca gempa dan tsunami yang menyerang Aceh pada tahun 2004, menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berbasis dokumen dan internet serta mewawancarai beberapa ahli. Penemuan menunjukkan adanya perkembangan peraturan perundangan kebencanaan Indonesia yang sejalan dengan hal-hal yang termuat dalam Resolusi Majelis Umum PBB No. 46/182 Tahun 1991, sebagai salah satu wujud partisipasi aktif Indonesia sebagai aktor di dunia internasional. Walau demikian, masih ada beberapa hal yang harus terus dikembangkan Indonesia untuk mencapai hasil yang optimal dalam menanggulangi bencana alam di wilayahnya.Kata-Kata Kunci: Bantuan Kemanusiaan Internasional, Gempa dan Tsunami Aceh 2004, Peraturan Perundangan Kebencanaan Indonesia, Rezim InternasionalIn December 2004, a tsunami struck Aceh, Nias, and part of North Sumatra following the 9.0 SR magnitude earthquake, of which its impact overwhelmed the Indonesian government’s capability and required Indonesia to open itself for international humanitarian assistance. However, the absence of Indonesian disaster regulations and the lack of acceptance for international assistance had worsened the situation. With the UNGA Resolution No. 46/182 of 1991 as a manifestation of the international regime, Indonesia could finally accept international humanitarian assistance in 2004. This article aims to examine the development of Indonesian disaster regulations after the 2004 Aceh earthquake and tsunami, using qualitative methods complimented with document-based and internet-based data as well as interview results with several experts. Findings shows that the development of Indonesian disaster regulations is in line with the matters contained in the resolution, further exhibiting Indonesia’s active participation as an actor in the international world. Having said that, there are many things that Indonesia shall continue to develop still in order to achieve optimal results in tackling natural disasters.Keywords: 2004 Aceh Earthquake and Tsunami, Indonesia Disaster Regulations, International Humanitarian Assistance, International Regimes
Estimasi Karbon Tersimpan dalam Tumbuhan Bundung Besar (Scirpus compressus) dari Rawa Lebak
Authors: Ghani Muhammad Arsyad , Krisdianto Krisdianto 
Published: October 2021

The contents of absolute in biomassa or values of carbon which kept in a wide coalescence is carbon storage. A valley swamp is a swampland which has influenced by rainwater, either rainwater at local area or around area and headwaters the purpose of this research is to get information about carbon which consist in Bundung Besar (Scirpus compressus). Determination of the research location will use purposive sampling. The location of plant sampel removal held four location and each location divided into two stations, therefore therewere eight monitoring stations with terrace-space 1x1 m2. The location of plant sampel is at subdistrict Tungkaran, subdistrict Sungai Tabuk, and subdistrict Bati-Bati. The measurement of carbon in bundung besar used Walkey and Balck method. The data will analyze with statistic non parametric and the difference of carbon in each station will analyze with cluster method. The result indicate the measurement of organic carbon in Bundung besar for each station is variably the variably of each station is around 772,651-3042,337 g/m2. The highest result at station 6 (Tungkaran Village) and the losest at station 2 (Pandahan Village).
Suitability Evaluation of CCME-WQI and GWQI for the Modeling of Groundwater and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals - Eastern India
Authors: Saw Shivam , Mahato Jaydev Kumar , Singh Prasoon Kumar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The present study assessed the suitability of groundwater by using the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME-WQI) and the Groundwater Water Quality Index (GWQI) Model. Six heavy metals viz. arsenic (As), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), and Nickel (Ni) were investigated in the groundwater from 65 locations of Ranchi city by the Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The spatial distribution of WQI was established by Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation technique using ArcGIS 10.3. The mystery of hydrogeochemical evolution in groundwater was elucidated by plotting the Piper trilinear diagram of major cations (Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, K+) and anions (HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, F-). Significant fluctuations in the water level during PRM (7.38mbgl to 10.5 mbgl) and POM (4.3- 6.4 mbgl) season were observed in the central part of the study area. Performance evaluation of WQI models indicated that the CCMEWQI performed better than GWQI for assessing the quality index of groundwater with a comparatively higher coefficient value (R2 0.97) and less NMSE (4.34) RMSE (27.38), MAPE (0.357). The health risk of heavy metals via the oral route was investigated by calculating hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI). The HI value was observed maximum for As followed by Mn >Pb > Ni >Fe >Cu for adults and children. The spatial distribution map of HI indicated that most of the studies area are at a non-carcinogenic risk of heavy metals. The study provides immense help for water authorities and public health decision-makers to prevent the community's health risk.
Trade Openness and Urbanization impact on Renewable and Non-Renewable Energy Consumption in China
Authors: han Jiabin , Zeeshan Muhammad , Ullah Irfan , Rehman Alam , Afridi Fakhr E Alam 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This study investigates the trade openness and urbanization effect on renewable and non-renewable energy consumption in China for the period 1990-2018. We apply the Quantile Regression technique for the analysis, our results show that trade significantly increases the non-renewable energy consumption in all quintiles while partially increases renewable energy consumption. This shows that trade activities in production and export commodities heavily rely on non-renewable energy inputs instead of renewable energy inputs. Urbanization affects non-renewable energy consumption only in three quintiles, while its effect is insignificant in most of the quintiles. Similarly, Urbanization does not affect renewable energy consumption as in almost all quantiles the coefficients are statistically insignificant. This implies that urbanization is one of the determinant of energy consumption in China. The empirical findings of this study suggest some policy recommendations; first, the government needs to implement certain regulations while expanding trade to minimize the negative effect of non-renewable energy consumption; besides government should provide incentives to industrial units and traders for using renewable energy which may help to attain long term sustainable development goals.
Microwave-Assisted Green Synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots Derived from Calotropis Gigantea as a Fluorescent Probe for Bioimaging
Authors: Sharma Neetu , Sharma Indu , Bera Milan Kumar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this study, an eco-friendly, cost-effective, and convenient method for preparing biocompatible fluorescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) by one-pot microwave assisted synthesis from the leaf extract of the medicinal plant Calotropis gigantea, also known as crown flower, has been demonstrated. As-synthesized CQDs demonstrated fluorescence quantum yields up to 4.24 percent. The size distribution of the as-synthesized CQDs varied from 2.7 to 10.4 nm, with a significant proportion of sp2 and sp3 carbon groups verified by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The zeta potential of as-synthesized CQDs was measured to be –13.8 mV, indicating the existence of a negatively charged surface with incipient instability in aqueous suspension. Furthermore, as an alternative to organic or synthetic dyes, the development of simple, inexpensive, and non-destructive fluorescence-based staining agents are highly desired. In this regard, as-synthesized CQDs shown remarkable fluorescent staining capabilities in this work and may be utilised as a suitable probe for optical and bio-imaging of bacteria, fungi, and plant cells.
Performance Analysis of MOS-HEMT as a Biosensor: A Dielectric Modulation Approach
Authors: Poonia Ritu , Bhat Aasif Mohammad , Periasamy C. , Sahu Chitrakant 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
In this work, we have reported the simulation study and electrical properties of MOS-HEMT with a cavity on the source side for bio-sensing applica- tions. The effect of the neutral and charged biomolecules on the sensitivity and concentration of electrons is an- alyzed. The increase of dielectric observed drain cur- rent decreases and increases due to the rise of the pos- itive charge of the biomolecules. The different cavity lengths are taken into consideration to analyze the per- formance of the device. The maximum threshold volt- age sensitivity obtained for keratin is 26% and 51% for charged biomolecules at 500mm cavity length. The ef fect of the AlGaN barrier mole fraction on sensitivity was also studied and optimized. The maximum sen- sitivity obtained is 74.04% for charged biomolecules. The device shows high stability under high-temperature conditions. The MOS-HEMT structure is optimized and analyzed using the ATLAS Silvaco device simulation tool.
Aconitine linoleate, a natural lipo-diterpenoid alkaloid, stimulates anti-proliferative activity reversing doxorubicin-resistant in MCF-7/ADR breast cancer cells as a selective topoisomerase IIα inhibitor
Authors: Luan Shangxian , Gao Yingying , Liang Xiaoxia , Zhang Li , Wu Qiang , Hu Yunkai , Yin Lizi , He Changliang , Liu Shixi 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Aconitine linoleate (1) is a lipo-diterpenoid alkaloid, isolated from Aconitum sinchiangense W. T. Wang. The study aimed at investigating the anti-proliferative efficacy and the underlying mechanisms of 1 against MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells, as well as obvious the safety evaluation in vivo. The cytotoxic activities of 1 were measured in vitro. Also, we investigated the latent mechanism of 1 by cell cycle analysis in MCF-7/ADR cells, and Topo I, Topo IIα inhibition assay. Molecular docking is done by Discovery Studio 3.5 and Autodock vina 1.1.2. Finally, the acute toxicity of 1 was detected on mice. 1 exhibited significant anti-tumor activity against both MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells, with IC50 value of 7.58 and 7.02 µM, which is 2.38 times and 5.05 times more active, respectively than etoposide in both cell lines, and being 9.63 times more active than adriamycin in MCF-7/ADR cell lines. The molecular docking and topo inhibition test found that it's a selective inhibitor of topoisomerase Ⅱα. Moreover, activation of damage response pathway of the DNA leads to cell cycle arrest at G0G1phase. Furthermore, the in vivo acute toxicity of 1 in mice displayed lower toxicity than aconitine, with LD50 of 2.2×105nmol/Kg and only slight pathological changes in liver and lung tissue, 489 times safer than aconitine. In conclusion, compared with aconitine, 1 has more significant anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells, and greatly reduces in vivo toxicity, which suggesting this kind of lipo-alkaloids are powerful and promising antitumor compounds for breast cancer.
Prevalence and risk factors of burnout among Lebanese community pharmacists in the era of COVID-19 pandemic: Results from the first national cross-sectional survey
Authors: Youssef Dalal , Youssef Janet , Abou-Abbas Linda , Hassan Hamad 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: The increasing occupational challenges inflicted on community pharmacists (CPs) in the wake of COVID-19 lays this valuable human resource at increased risk of burnout.Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of burnout among Lebanese CPs in the era of COVID-19 and to identify its associated factors.Methods: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among Lebanese CPs between the 1st of February and the end of March 2021 using a snowball sampling technique. Data was collected using an anonymous Arabic self-administered questionnaire that includes information on socio-demographic characteristics, exposure and work-related variables, and two scales: the Copenhagen burnout inventory (CBI) which includes personal, work-related, and patient-related dimensions of burnout, and the COVID-19 threat perception scale. To evaluate the prevalence of burnout, CBI scale cut-off score of 50 was used. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify the factors associated with burnout among CPs.Results: Burnout was detected among 81.9% of surveyed CPs, where 61% had a moderate burnout and 20.9% had a high level of burnout. Client burnout (CB) ranked first among other burnout aspects (89.7%) followed by personal burnout (77.8%) and work-related burnout (76.8%). Younger age, female gender, being staff pharmacist, working in pharmacy operating around the clock and working more than 40 hours per week were associated with higher level of burnout. Similarly, suffering from comorbidity, having a dependent child or living a family member with comorbidities, experiencing sleep disturbance and high perception of COVID-19 threat were also associated with higher burnout. However, being married, having large professional experience, having high socioeconomic situation, accepting the risk of dealing with COVID-19 cases and having previous history of COVID-19 were negatively associated to burnout.Conclusion: Burnout hits 81.9% of the Lebanese CPs. This alarming prevalence called health authorities to take prompt and warranted measures based on the factors associated with this syndrome unearthed in this study, to prevent burnout and mitigate among CPs in order to support resiliency in the profession.
Mosque as a vaccination site for ethnic minority in Japan: leaving no one behind amid the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kotani Hitomu , Okai Hirofumi , Tamura Mari 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Ethnic minorities with different languages and religions are potentially vulnerable not only during natural hazard-induced disasters, but also during the COVID-19 pandemic. Their vaccination coverage may be lower, and vaccination strategies should prevent them from being left behind. This report presents the first case in Japan where a mosque, being the hub of foreign Muslims, was used as a vaccination site from the end of July 2021. The targeted mosque was Ebina Mosque in Kanagawa Prefecture, and most of the vaccine recipients were foreign Muslims. The mosque differed from other vaccination sites in that reservations could be made easily through the managers, and linguistic diversity (i.e., the mosque managers and mosque-related volunteers served as interpreters) and gender were considered. These efforts are likely to have removed some barriers to vaccination for ethnic minorities and contributed to “no one will be left behind.”