bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Protective Effect of Neighbourhood Collective Efficacy On Family Violence and Youth Antisocial Behaviour in Two South Korean Prospective Longitudinal Cohorts
Authors: Bauer Andreas , Hammerton Gemma , Park Jisu , Murray Joseph , Han Yoonsun , Matijasevich Alicia , Halligan Sarah L. , Fairchild Graeme 
Published: September 2021

AbstractNeighbourhood collective efficacy has been proposed as a protective factor against family violence and youth antisocial behaviour. However, little is known about its impact on parent and child behaviour in non-Western countries. Using data from two population-based prospective cohorts from South Korea, including primary school students aged 10–12 years (N = 2844) and secondary school students aged 15–17 years (N = 3449), we examined the interplay between collective efficacy, family violence, and youth antisocial behaviour, and whether effects vary by SES. In a first series of models, in both samples, higher levels of collective efficacy were associated with lower levels of family violence, whereas higher levels of family violence were associated with higher levels of youth antisocial behaviour. There was no direct effect of collective efficacy on youth antisocial behaviour; however, there was an indirect effect via family violence. Although these effects were more pronounced in low SES children, there was no evidence of moderation by SES. In a second series of models, in primary school students, collective efficacy was not associated with youth antisocial behaviour. However, there was a direct effect of collective efficacy on family violence, even after adjusting for youth antisocial behaviour. Again, there was no evidence of moderation by SES. In secondary school students, the pattern of results was less consistent, however, again, suggesting more pronounced effects of collective efficacy in low SES children. The findings suggest that collective efficacy may influence family violence more directly, whereas youth antisocial behaviour may be affected more indirectly through the family environment.
On believing indirectly for practical reasons
Authors: Schmidt Sebastian 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIt is often argued that there are no practical reasons for belief because we could not believe for such reasons. A recent reply by pragmatists is that we can often believe for practical reasons because we can often cause our beliefs for practical reasons. This paper reveals the limits of this recently popular strategy for defending pragmatism, and thereby reshapes the dialectical options for pragmatism. I argue that the strategy presupposes that reasons for being in non-intentional states are not reducible to reasons to act. Pragmatists who want to preserve a motivational constraint on reasons therefore have exactly two options: either arguing that there are irreducible reasons for being in non-intentional states (new pragmatism); or arguing that we can believe directly for practical reasons (traditional pragmatism). I argue that the prospects for the former option are dim because irreducible reasons to be in states are hard to square with the motivational constraint on reasons. Returning to the more traditional route of arguing for pragmatism by defending a version of doxastic voluntarism therefore seems to be the more promising way for pragmatists to go.
Noncompliance with SEC regulations: evidence from timely loan disclosures
Authors: Caskey Judson , Huang Kanyuan , Saavedra Daniel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe use required 8-K filings around major borrowings to shed light on firms’ choices of whether to comply with SEC disclosure rules. Exploiting within-firm variation, we find that firms are more likely to hide loans with high spreads and tight financial covenants. We further find that firms appear to exploit the ambiguity of the definition of materiality, as they are more likely to selectively disclose (hide) “immaterial” loans when interest rates are low (high). Firms are less likely to hide loans when investors anticipate borrowing during asset acquisition, when firms are followed by more equity analysts or receive more investor attention, and when the firms’ stock prices are more volatile. Lastly, we provide evidence that the SEC does not rigorously enforce compliance with 8-K loan disclosures.
The Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) Emirates Mars InfraRed Spectrometer (EMIRS) Instrument
Authors: Edwards Christopher S. , Christensen Philip R. , Mehall Greg L. , Anwar Saadat , Tunaiji Eman Al , Badri Khalid , Bowles Heather , Chase Stillman , Farkas Zoltan , Fisher Tara , Janiczek John , Kubik Ian , Harris-Laurila Kelly , Holmes Andrew , Lazbin Igor , Madril Edgar , McAdam Mark , Miner Mark , O’Donnell William , Ortiz Carlos , Pelham Daniel , Patel Mehul , Powell Kathryn , Shamordola Ken , Tourville Tom , Smith Michael D. , Smith Nathan , Woodward Rob , Weintraub Aaron , Reed Heather , Pilinski Emily B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe Emirates Mars Mission Emirates Mars Infrared Spectrometer (EMIRS) will provide remote measurements of the martian surface and lower atmosphere in order to better characterize the geographic and diurnal variability of key constituents (water ice, water vapor, and dust) along with temperature profiles on sub-seasonal timescales. EMIRS is a FTIR spectrometer covering the range from 6.0-100+ μm (1666-100 cm−1) with a spectral sampling as high as 5 cm−1 and a 5.4-mrad IFOV and a 32.5×32.5 mrad FOV. The EMIRS optical path includes a flat 45° pointing mirror to enable one degree of freedom and has a +/- 60° clear aperture around the nadir position which is fed to a 17.78-cm diameter Cassegrain telescope. The collected light is then fed to a flat-plate based Michelson moving mirror mounted on a dual linear voice-coil motor assembly. An array of deuterated L-alanine doped triglycine sulfate (DLaTGS) pyroelectric detectors are used to sample the interferogram every 2 or 4 seconds (depending on the spectral sampling selected). A single 0.846 μm laser diode is used in a metrology interferometer to provide interferometer positional control, sampled at 40 kHz (controlled at 5 kHz) and infrared signal sampled at 625 Hz. The EMIRS beamsplitter is a 60-mm diameter, 1-mm thick 1-arcsecond wedged chemical vapor deposited diamond with an antireflection microstructure to minimize first surface reflection. EMIRS relies on an instrumented internal v-groove blackbody target for a full-aperture radiometric calibration. The radiometric precision of a single spectrum (in 5 cm−1 mode) is <3.0×10−8 W cm−2 sr−1/cm−1 between 300 and 1350 cm−1 over instrument operational temperatures (<∼0.5 K NE$\Delta $
Δ
T @ 250 K). The absolute integrated radiance error is < 2% for scene temperatures ranging from 200-340 K. The overall EMIRS envelope size is 52.9×37.5×34.6 cm and the mass is 14.72 kg including the interface adapter plate. The average operational power consumption is 22.2 W, and the standby power consumption is 18.6 W with a 5.7 W thermostatically limited, always-on operational heater. EMIRS was developed by Arizona State University and Northern Arizona University in collaboration with the Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre with Arizona Space Technologies developing the electronics. EMIRS was integrated, tested and radiometrically calibrated at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ.
The Microstructure and Properties of Carbon Thin Films on Nanobainitic Steel
Authors: Skołek Emilia , Meredyk Monika , Tarnowski Michał , Borowski Tomasz , Kulikowski Krzysztof , Chodun Rafał , Marciniak Szymon , Sobiecki Jerzy Robert , Świątnicki Wiesław 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess whether it is possible to produce a high adhesive carbon coating by applying low-temperature RFCVD and glow discharge methods on nanobainitic X37CrMoV5-1 steel with and without nitrided sublayer. For this purpose, several methods of investigation were used: observations of coating morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), analysis of bonds found in coatings (Raman spectroscopy), microhardness tests and adhesion of coatings (Scratch tests). Our research has shown that low-temperature RFCVD and glow discharge processes of nanobainitic X37CrMoV5-1 steel allow producing carbon coatings that can be described as hardened carbon coatings with very high hardness—> 2000 HV 0.25 in case of RFCVD processes and > 3300 HV 0.025 for glow discharge process and low friction coefficient—near 0.12 at 5 N load. However, the adhesion of produced coatings to the steel substrate strongly depends on the appropriate selection of the process parameters and on the proper preparation of the substrate before the deposition regarding the thermal stability of nanobainite.
Comparison of the Variability of Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Human Liver Cancer Tissues and Cultured from the Tissue Explants Based on a Simple Enrichment Method
Authors: Chen Jie , Jiao Zhigang , Mo Jianwen , Huang Defa , Li Zhengzhe , Zhang Wenjuan , Yang Tong , Zhao Minghong , Xie Fangfang , Hu Die , Wang Xiaoxing , Yi Xiaomei , Jiang Yu , Zhong Tianyu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractA potential use of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes has recently generated a great interest. sEVs, when purified directly from various tissues with proper procedures, can reflect the physiological and pathological state of the organism. However, the quality of sEV is affected by many factors during isolation, including separation of sEV from cell and tissues debris, the use of enzymes for tissue digestion, and the storage state of tissues. In the present study, we established an assay for the isolation and purification of liver cancer tissues-derived sEVs (tdsEVs) and cultured explants-derived sEVs (cedsEVs) by comparing the quality of sEVs derived from different concentration of digestion enzyme and incubation time. The nano-flow cytometry (NanoFCM) showed that the isolated tdsEVs by our method are purer than those obtained from differential ultracentrifugation. Our study thus establishes a simple and effective approach for isolation of high-quality sEVs that can be used for analysis of their constituents.
Graphical abstract
How do mindfulness-based programmes improve anxiety, depression and psychological distress? A systematic review
Authors: Maddock Alan , Blair Carolyn 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study aimed to systematically review studies which conducted a controlled mediation analysis in order to examine the potential mechanisms which underlie mindfulness-based programme’s (MBPs) effects on anxiety, depression and psychological distress in any health or mental health population. Searches of six databases (Medline (Ovid), PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE, Cinahal Plus and Cochrane Reviews) were undertaken in September 2020. After removing duplicates, 2052 records were screened, of these 1822 were excluded based on the abstract and 230 were further assessed for eligibility against the full study inclusion criteria. Full texts were acquired for the 11 studies which met the inclusion criteria. The quality of the methodologies of each of these 11 studies were assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool (Higgins et al., 2011). The quality of the findings from each study relating to the hypothesised mechanisms of action of the MBP reviewed were evaluated using Alsubaie et al. (2017)’s framework for abstracting and interpreting mechanistic study quality, derived from recommendations made by Kazdin (2007, 2009). We found preliminary evidence that MBCT/MBSR treatment effects on anxiety and depression may be mediated by hypothesised mechanisms, such as mindfulness, rumination, worry, self-compassion, cognitive reactivity, aversion, attention regulation skills and positive affect. An overall lack of methodological rigour does preclude us from making any definitive conclusions on causality. The results from this study do however provide some insights into what the potential causal pathways connecting MBPs with improved anxiety and depression might be.
Motivation of UK graduate students in education: self-compassion moderates pathway from extrinsic motivation to intrinsic motivation
Authors: Kotera Yasuhiro , Taylor Elaina , Fido Dean , Williams Dan , Tsuda-McCaie Freya 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAcademic motivation is recognised as a key factor for academic success and wellbeing. Highly motivated students actively engage with academic activities and maintain good wellbeing. Despite the importance of motivation in education, its relationship with engagement and wellbeing remains to be evaluated. Accordingly, this study explored the relationships between motivation, engagement, self-criticism and self-compassion among UK education postgraduate students. Of 120 postgraduate students approached, 109 completed three self-report scales regarding those constructs. Correlation, regression and moderation analyses were performed. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation were positively associated with engagement, whereas amotivation was negatively associated with it. Engagement positively predicted intrinsic motivation. Self-criticism and self-compassion moderated the pathway from extrinsic motivation to intrinsic motivation: higher self-criticism weakened the pathway, while higher self-compassion strengthened it. Findings suggest the importance of engagement in relation to cultivating intrinsic motivation of education students. Moreover, enhancing self-compassion and reducing self-criticism can help transfer extrinsic to intrinsic motivation.
A parametric data handling evaluation framework for autonomous lunar networks
Authors: Rimani Jasmine , Mascolo Luigi , Fraire Juan A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDifferent and exciting exploration opportunities toward the Moon are opening in this decade. In particular, the major space agencies are putting a considerable effort in designing and studying a broad spectrum of missions that will bring back the humans on the Moon. During the evaluation of Lunar mission concepts, having a tool that can quickly assess the best communication and data-handling architecture given a set of satellites and a site of interest is mandatory. In this work, a novel parametric framework is presented and applied to the study of the expected connectivity of Lunar networks. The framework comprises bent-pipe, store-and-forward and store-carry-and-forward networking approaches, covering most common data management options. The methodology is designed to determine the best communication architecture given an arbitrary set of available satellites, ground stations, point of interest, and data volume. The proposed algorithm has been applied in a motivating case study of a networked mission devoted to observing lava tubes sites on the Moon surface. Results validate the approach which can identify the inflection points where different data handling techniques outperform each other.
Physical simulation of residual oil displacement production in offshore strong bottom water reservoir
Authors: Tan Jie , Cai Hui , Li Yan-lai , Liu Chun-yan , Miao Fei-fei , Liu Chun-zhi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe C oilfield is located in the Bohai Bay Basin, a typical strong bottom water reservoir. Oilfield reservoir and oil–water distribution are complex. At present, the C oilfield has entered the high water cut development stage, and it is challenging to stabilize oil and control water. The reservoir with an imperfect well pattern has dominant bottom water ridge channels, uneven oil–water interface uplift, limited water drive sweep range, and low inter-well reservoir production degree. The oil layer between the horizontal section of the production well and the top of the reservoir cannot be effectively developed, and the remaining oil is enriched. Therefore, it is urgent to explore new energy supplement methods to improve inter-well and vertical remaining oil production in the C oilfield. In this study, the displacement medium is optimized through indoor experimental simulation. From the experimental results, the remaining oil between the sand bodies can be used in heavy oil reservoirs, and the residual oil between wells can be significantly utilized in the alternate displacement of gas and foam, and the recovery degree of the reservoir is increased by 12.44%. The remaining oil at the top of the reservoir can be used in the upper reservoir to increase the remaining oil in the top of the reservoir by injecting gas and foam alternately in the new reservoir. The final recovery of the reservoir is increased by 6.00%. This experimental study guides tapping the potential of the remaining oil in the offshore strong bottom water reservoir.
Welke tumoren worden gemist wanneer systematische biopten achterwege gelaten worden bij patiënten met de verdenking op prostaatcarcinoom? (‘DROPP-IT’)
Authors: van den Bergh Roderick C. N. , Reesink Daan J. , Wever Lieke , Soeterik Timo F. W. , van Selm Sandrine , Stijns Pascal E. F. , van der Hoeven Erik J. R. J. , de Bruin Peter C. , van Melick Harm H. E. 
Published: September 2021

SamenvattingDe MRI-scan van de prostaat heeft de bioptstrategie sterk beïnvloed. Toch kunnen bij een normale MRI biopten geïndiceerd blijven: zowel gerichte als systematische. In deze studie werd geanalyseerd welke prostaattumoren gemist zouden worden in de hypothetische situatie dat er geen systematische biopten genomen waren in ons cohort, en dat de MRI volledig leidend zou zijn geweest in het diagnostisch pad. Als referentie dienden de uitkomsten van het standaardprotocol, waarin alle verwezen patiënten (n = 496) een MRI krijgen, er bij een verhoogde kans op prostaatkanker volgens de ERSPC-prostaatwijzer óf afwijkende MRI biopten worden genomen, en er altijd systematische, plusgerichte biopten worden verricht, indien mogelijk. Uit de analyse bleek dat 16 % van de tumoren met een ISUP-graad ≥2 (≥3 + 4 = 7) gemist zou zijn, maar ook dat slechts 66 % van de patiënten gebiopteerd zou hoeven worden, met 50–75 % minder cores, en dat 52 % van de ISUP-gr 1 (3 + 3 = 6)-tumoren ongedetecteerd zouden blijven.
From hardware store to hospital: a COVID-19-inspired, cost-effective, open-source, in vivo-validated ventilator for use in resource-scarce regions
Authors: Park Matthew H. , Zhu Yuanjia , Wang Hanjay , Tran Nicholas A. , Jung Jinsuh , Paulsen Michael J. , Imbrie-Moore Annabel M. , Baker Samuel , Wilkerson Robert , Marin-Cuartas Mateo , Mullis Danielle M. , Woo Y. Joseph 
Published: September 2021

AbstractResource-scarce regions with serious COVID-19 outbreaks do not have enough ventilators to support critically ill patients, and these shortages are especially devastating in developing countries. To help alleviate this strain, we have designed and tested the accessible low-barrier in vivo-validated economical ventilator (ALIVE Vent), a COVID-19-inspired, cost-effective, open-source, in vivo-validated solution made from commercially available components. The ALIVE Vent operates using compressed oxygen and air to drive inspiration, while two solenoid valves ensure one-way flow and precise cycle timing. The device was functionally tested and profiled using a variable resistance and compliance artificial lung and validated in anesthetized large animals. Our functional test results revealed its effective operation under a wide variety of ventilation conditions defined by the American Association of Respiratory Care guidelines for ventilator stockpiling. The large animal test showed that our ventilator performed similarly if not better than a standard ventilator in maintaining optimal ventilation status. The FiO2, respiratory rate, inspiratory to expiratory time ratio, positive-end expiratory pressure, and peak inspiratory pressure were successfully maintained within normal, clinically validated ranges, and the animals were recovered without any complications. In regions with limited access to ventilators, the ALIVE Vent can help alleviate shortages, and we have ensured that all used materials are publicly available. While this pandemic has elucidated enormous global inequalities in healthcare, innovative, cost-effective solutions aimed at reducing socio-economic barriers, such as the ALIVE Vent, can help enable access to prompt healthcare and life saving technology on a global scale and beyond COVID-19.
Artificial intelligence in human factors and ergonomics: an overview of the current state of research
Authors: Petrat Deborah 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies continues to advance. To fully exploit the potential, it is important to deal with the topics of human factors and ergonomics, so that a smooth implementation of AI applications can be realized. In order to map the current state of research in this area, three systematic literature reviews with different focuses were conducted. The seven observation levels of work processes according to Luczak and Volpert (1987) served as a basis. Overall n = 237 sources were found and analyzed. It can be seen that the research critically deals with human-centered, effective as well as efficient work in relation to AI. Research gaps, for example in the areas of corporate education concepts and participation and voice, identify further needs in research. The author postulates not to miss the transition between forecasts and verifiable facts.
Diabetes and conversational agents: the AIDA project case study
Authors: Alloatti Francesca , Bosca Alessio , Di Caro Luigi , Pieraccini Fabrizio 
Published: September 2021

AbstractOne of the key aspects in the process of caring for people with diabetes is Therapeutic Education (TE). TE is a teaching process for training patients so that they can self-manage their care plan. Alongside traditional methods of providing educational content, there are now alternative forms of delivery thanks to the implementation of advanced Information Technologies systems such as conversational agents (CAs). In this context, we present the AIDA project: an ensemble of two different CAs intended to provide a TE tool for people with diabetes. The Artificial Intelligence Diabetes Assistant (AIDA) consists of a text-based chatbot and a speech-based dialog system. Their content has been created and validated by a scientific board. AIDA Chatbot—the text-based agent—provides a broad spectrum of information about diabetes, while AIDA Cookbot—the voice-based agent—presents recipes compliant with a diabetic patient’s diet. We provide a thorough description of the development process for both agents, the technology employed and their usage by the general public. AIDA Chatbot and AIDA Cookbot are freely available and they represent the first example of conversational agents in Italian to support diabetes patients, clinicians and caregivers.
Coverage of National Priority List sites by the print media during the implementation of Superfund: the role of race and income
Authors: Mohr Robert D. , Cunningham Cindy , Saha Shrawantee , Vincenzi Marco 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe review 1982–1984 articles identifying Superfund sites in three national newspapers. Articles almost never identify the race of nearby residents. Based on sites receiving disproportionate coverage, readers might conclude that Superfund generally affected white, working-class families, but results do not support this narrative. In a pooled sample, neither race nor income predicts the number of times a site gets mentioned. When the sample is partitioned by newspaper or by each newspaper's coverage of nearby sites, a positive relationship emerges between the proportion of Hispanic or nonwhite residents and the number of articles about a site. We discuss this apparent contradiction.