bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients’ Experiences of Telemedicine for Their Skin Problems: Qualitative Study
Authors: Chow Aloysius , Teo Sok Huang , Kong Jing Wen , Lee Simon , Heng Yee Kiat , van Steensel Maurice , Smith Helen 
Published: December 2021

Background
Teledermatology is a cost-effective treatment modality for the management of skin disorders. Most evaluations use quantitative data, and far less is understood about the patients’ experience.

Objective
This qualitative study aimed to explore patients’ perceptions of a teledermatology service linking public primary care clinics to the national specialist dermatology clinic in Singapore. A better understanding of patients’ experiences can help refine and develop the care provided.

Methods
Semistructured in-depth interviews were conducted with patients who had been referred to the teledermatology service. The interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed before undergoing thematic content analysis.

Results
A total of 21 patients aged between 22 and 72 years were recruited. The following 3 themes were identified from the data of patients’ experiences: positive perceptions of teledermatology, concerns about teledermatology, and ideas for improving the teledermatology service. The patients found the teledermatology service convenient, saving them time and expense and liberating them from the stresses incurred when making an in-person visit to a specialist facility. They valued the confidence and reassurance they gained from having a dermatologist involved in deciding their management. The patients’ concern included data security and the quality of the images shared. Nonetheless, they were keen to see the service expanded beyond the polyclinics. Their experiences and perceptions will inform future service refinement and development.

Conclusions
This narrative exploration of users’ experiences of teledermatology produced rich data enabling a better understanding of the patients’ journey, the way they understand and interpret their experiences, and ideas for service refinement. Telemedicine reduces traveling and enables safe distancing, factors that are much needed during pandemics.
Use of the McIsaac Score to Predict Group A Streptococcal Pharyngitis in Outpatient Nurse Phone Triage and Electronic Visits Compared With In-Person Visits: Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Pecina Jennifer L , Nigon Leah M , Penza Kristine S , Murray Martha A , Kronebusch Beckie J , Miller Nathaniel E , Jensen Teresa B 
Published: December 2021

Background
The McIsaac criteria are a validated scoring system used to determine the likelihood of an acute sore throat being caused by group A streptococcus (GAS) to stratify patients who need strep testing.

Objective
We aim to compare McIsaac criteria obtained during face-to-face (f2f) and non-f2f encounters.

Methods
This retrospective study compared the percentage of positive GAS tests by McIsaac score for scores calculated during nurse protocol phone encounters, e-visits (electronic visits), and in person f2f clinic visits.

Results
There was no difference in percentages of positive strep tests between encounter types for any of the McIsaac scores. There were significantly more phone and e-visit encounters with any missing score components compared with f2f visits. For individual score components, there were significantly fewer e-visits missing fever and cough information compared with phone encounters and f2f encounters. F2f encounters were significantly less likely to be missing descriptions of tonsils and lymphadenopathy compared with phone and e-visit encounters. McIsaac scores of 4 had positive GAS rates of 55% to 68% across encounter types. There were 4 encounters not missing any score components with a McIsaac score of 0. None of these 4 encounters had a positive GAS test.

Conclusions
McIsaac scores of 4 collected during non-f2f care could be used to consider empiric treatment for GAS without testing if significant barriers to testing exist such as the COVID-19 pandemic or geographic barriers. Future studies should evaluate further whether non-f2f encounters with McIsaac scores of 0 can be safely excluded from GAS testing.
Changes in Use of a Leisure Activity Mobile App for Children With Disabilities During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Study
Authors: Yoo Paul Yejong , Movahed Mehrnoosh , Rue Ishana , Santos Carlos Denner Dos , Majnemer Annette , Shikako Keiko 
Published: December 2021

Background
Participation in leisure activities is essential for child development and a human right as per the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Children with disabilities face several restrictions when participating in leisure activities as compared to same age peers without disabilities. Access to information about accessible, inclusive leisure activities is one of the barriers limiting participation, and one potential health promotion strategy is to provide access to information to increase participation. The Jooay App is a mobile app listing such activities in Canada and Australia. With the COVID-19 global pandemic and subsequent public health measures, most community-based facilities providing the activities listed on Jooay were closed. The app therefore started listing online activities offered with the expectation of continuing to provide information for families and understanding the extent to which users relied on the mobile app as a tool to identify new safe leisure opportunities.

Objective
This study aims to describe the engagement of the Jooay app before and during COVID-19, and to estimate the extent to which the listing of online activities was related to the engagement of the Jooay app.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study comparing Jooay app use between March 2020 and February 2021 to the engagement between March 2019 and February 2020 by Jooay users. Spearman rank correlations were carried out to identify associations between the activities listed and the users’ engagement from May 2020 to February 2021.

Results
Active engagement with the Jooay app from March 2020 to February 2021 dropped by an average of 135 engagements (64.2%) compared to engagements in 2019-2020. The largest monthly drop in engagement was observed in May 2020 by 239 engagements (88.8%). There was a strong positive correlation between the number of active users and the number of online activities listed on the app (rs=0.900).

Conclusions
The engagement with the Jooay App presented an expected decrease during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The addition of online adapted leisure activities to the app’s listings during the pandemic increased app use. Access to information about inclusive activities is a barrier for children with disabilities to engage in leisure. Mobile health solutions can be responsive to contextual factors and consider the social determinants of health such as socioeconomic and public health emergency issues that can impact the participation of vulnerable populations such as children with disabilities and help eliminate barriers to participation. The provision of online leisure opportunities during the pandemic could facilitate participation in these activities during the pandemic and beyond, which is essential and beneficial for the physical and mental well-being of children with disabilities and their families.
A special limit state of reinforced concrete frameswith laterally reinforced nodes in the case of emergency impacts
Authors: Kolchunov Vitaly I. , Korenkov Pavel A. , Phan Dinh Quoc 
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The increasing number of domestic and foreign publications on structural safety and survivability of buildings and structures evidences a great interest in the study of the problem of protecting bearing systems from progressive collapse. The relevance of these studies is determined by the ongoing rise in the number of man-induced, natural and terrorist impacts on buildings and structures. In this regard, the decisive factor is the expansion of experimental and theoretical studies, focused on ensuring the required level of survivability of bearing systems under such special impacts and, respectively, developing methods for protection from progressive collapse.
Materials and methods. This work presents new results of experimental studies on models of a fragment of a multi-storied building made of monolithic reinforced concrete, whose nodes, connecting the girder and the column, are reinforced with laterally reinforced meshes designed to resist operational static loads and a special emergency impact caused by the failure of one ground-floor column in the framework.
Results. The article presents the results of experimental and theoretical studies on the stress-strain state and crack resistance of reinforced concrete frames or fragments of multi-storied frameworks of buildings, made of monolithic reinforced concrete. Nodes of these buildings are laterally reinforced. The data on force-induced resistance of structures were obtained for cases of the static operational loading of a structure and special emergency impacts caused by the instantaneous withdrawal of one column on the ground floor. A comparative analysis of the pace of cracking, crack development and opening is made. The co-authors have made a benchmark assessment of parameters of limit and beyond-the-limit states, as well as elements of structural systems, having nodes with/without laterally reinforced meshes.
Conclusions. The co-authors have identified the nature of actual deformation and destruction of elements in the bearing system, whose nodes are laterally reinforced. The co-authors have experimentally identified the principal properties of structural elements to allow for a more rigorous assessment of deformability and the bearing capacity of the effect produced by the lateral reinforcement on the resistance of structural systems in beyond-the-limit states.
The thermal stress state arising in the contact area of mass concreteduring construction
Authors: Aniskin Nikolai A. , Chuc Nguyen Trong 
Published: December 2021

Introduction. The contact area of concrete gravity dams is of vital importance. Substantial temperature gradients and tensile stresses can arise in the process of concrete casting and thermal regime creation; they can cause thermal cracking. The practice of monitoring the construction and operation of concrete gravity dams has identified frequent vertical cracking along and across the dam axis, which can have an adverse impact on structural behaviour. Despite the large number of research works, some of which are mentioned in the work, the extent of influence of the modulus of elasticity in the bed on the thermally stressed state of mass concrete has yet to be fully resolved. The purpose of the research is to enhance the insight into the stress-strain state arising in the contact area of mass concrete and the bed, depending on its rigidity.
Materials and methods. The research was conducted using the numerical finite element method and the MIDAS software package.
Results. The influence of bed rigidity on the thermally stressed state arising in the contact area of mass concrete in the process of construction has been analyzed. Several options featuring different ratios between the modulus elasticity of the bed and mass concrete were considered in respect of a mass concrete structure made of vibrated and rolled concretes. Emerging stresses are compared. Mathematical expressions are obtained to project maximum tensile stresses occurring in the contact area.
Conclusions. A more rigid bed rises maximum tensile temperature stresses, which increase the risk of thermal cracking. Research results can be used to predict maximum tensile stresses near the contact section of the mass concrete, whose dimensions are close to those of the structure under research.
A histopathological comparison of prophylactic effects of Rosmarinic Acid and Oleanolic Acid isolated from Salvia species (sage) in scopolamine induced dementia model
Authors: Deveci Engin , Özkorkmaz Ebru Gökalp , Aşır Fırat , Şahin Fırat , Ermiş Işılay Sezen , Ertaş Abdülselam , Akkoç Hasan , Kandemir Sevgi İ. , Çevik Mehmet Uğur , Onay Ahmet , Erantepli Ceren 
Published: December 2021

Objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, can be created in experimental models by using toxins. Possible therapeutic effects of secondary metabolites Rosmarinic (RA) and Oleanolic acids (OA) obtained from Salvia species (sage) were investigated using histopathological and immunohistochemical tecniques in experimental Alzheimer's-like dementia model induced by scopolamine.
Study Design: Male BALB/c mice (n: 48) of 3-4 weeks old, divided into 6 groups; control received only saline(i.p.) for 21 days, scopolamine group received 3 mg/kg of scopolamine (i.p.) between 8-21th days. Scopolamine + RA group received 5 mg/kg RA (i.p.) between days 0 and 21 and 3 mg/kg of scopolamine (i.p.) between 8-21th days. Scopolamine + OA group received 5 mg/kg of OA (i.p.) between days of 0-21 and 3 mg/kg of scopolamine (i.p.) between 8-21th days. RA group received 5 mg/kg RA (i.p.) between 0-21th days. OA group received 5 mg/kg of OA (i.p.) between 0-21th days. Animals were sacrificed under anesthesia, brain tissues were excised and placed in 10% formaldehyde, embedded in paraffin wax. 5 µm sections were cut, stained for histopathological examinations. Immunoreactivity for Beta-amyloid accumulation was observed. ImageJ 153 software was used to analyze IHC figures. Positive signaling for DAB density was calculated, ANOVA test with the post hoc dunnett's or tukey test were applied, p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: In scopolamine+RA treated group, tissue degeneration was less compared to the scopolamine group. Scopolamine+OA group revealed signs of pyknosis in neurons. The amyloid beta immunoexpression was positive in scopolamine group partially positive in scopolamine+OA group but, negative in RA treated scopolamine group. Intensity of signal in scopolamine group was statistically increased compared to control (p=0.0102). Intensity of signal was reduced in Scopolamine+RA and Scopolamine+OA groups, was statistically significant (p=0.0281 and p=0.0362, respectively).
Conclusion: We suggest that pretreatment of RA and OA decreased beta amyloid formation and ameliorated tissue structure but, further studies with different methods are needed to be commercially available.
Keywords: Scopolamine, dementia, Rosmarinic acid, Oleanolic acid, histopathology, Amyloid beta
Study of Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic and Toxicity Prediction of Several Quinoline Alkaloid Derivatives as a Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor as Anti-Leukemia
Authors: Muttaqin Fauzan Zein , Restisari Ikma Hanifah , Muhammad Hubbi Nasrullah 
Published: December 2021

Quinoline alkaloid and its derivatives play a vital role in the development of new therapeutic agents. Cinnoline structure has similarities with quinoline alkaloid compound and has the potential to inhibit Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) in leukemia treatment. This research aims to study the interaction of several quinoline alkaloids with BTK and to predict the toxicity to ensure their safety. This study was carried out using computational studies, including molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and toxicity prediction, to assess the compound’s activity towards BTK and their toxicity. Molecular docking simulations showed that ten compounds (S1, S2, S4, S5, S8, S13, S14, S16, S17, and S20) had the best affinity to BTK. Molecular dynamics simulations to these ten compounds showed that only seven compounds (S1, S5, S8, S13, S16, S17, and S20) could stabilize the interaction towards BTK with RMSD and RMSF value of 0.5 ± 2 Å and 0.5 ± 6, 5 Å, respectively. Toxicity prediction results showed that these quinoline alkaloids had various toxicity characteristics, but most were not carcinogens and mutagens (S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S10 S11, S12, S14, and S15). It can be concluded that Yukositrin (S8) has the most potential affinity towards BTK, which can be used as anti-leukemia with low toxicity.
Keywords: anti-leukemia, Bruton Tyrosine Kinase, docking, MD, quinoline alkaloids
Phytochemical analysis and antiproliferative properties of Pistacia atlantica leaves
Authors: Benahmed Fatiha , Mehrab Elazhari , Kharoubi Omar 
Published: December 2021

The medicinal plants may serve as potential sources for the development of new drugs and more effective anticancer agents for future therapy. Pistacia atlantica (Vahl.) Masters (Anacardiaceae) is an important plant used in traditional medicine practice in Algeria, and North Africa countries. The present study has the objective to estimate the in vitro antiproliferative (on the RD and Hep2 human tumor cell lines using the3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium (MTT) assay) properties of the aqueous extracts of P. atlantica leaves, offering a phytochemical characterization of its aqueous extracts, by spectrophotometry methods. evealed by HPLC, phenolic compounds present among the five different flavonoids identified such as: ((epi)catechin, myricetin, quercetin and kaempferol glycoside derivatives). The MTT assay revealed that the tested extract had a good activity against Hep2 and RD cell lines with median inhibitory concentration (GI50)> 1000 μg/mL against Hep2 and (IC50) = 825,079 μg/mL against RD, (GI 50). The results showed a great bioactive potential for this species with a significant contribution of phenolic compounds, specially the flavonoids which makes it an interesting matrix in the development of novel pharmaceutical formulations. Planned future studies will involve the identification of different extract other than aqueous extract, determination of the mechanisms of action and the bioactive molecule of plant extracts.
Keywords: Pistacia atlantica; aqueous extract; antiproliferative; MTT, HPLC.
Intelligent Technologies and Robotic Machines for Garden Crops Cultivation
Authors: Smirnov I. G. , Khort D. O. , Kutyrev A. I. 
Published: December 2021

The existing models of industrial robots cannot perform technological processes of apple harvesting. It is noted that there is a need for developing special actuators, grippers and new control algorithms for harvesting horticulture products. (Research purpose) The research aimed to develop an intelligent control system for horticulture industrial technologies and robotic techniques for yield monitoring and fruit harvesting. (Materials and methods) The research methodology was based on such modern methods as computer modeling and programming. In particular, the following methods were applied: systems analysis, artificial neural networks theory, pattern recognition, digital signal processing. The development of software, hardware and software was carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST technical standards. The following programming languages were used: (C / C ++)-based OpenCV library, Spyder Python Development Environment, PyTorch and Flask frameworks, and JavaScript. Image marking for training neural networks was carried out via VGG ImageAnnotator and in Labelbox. The design process was based on the finite element method, CAD SolidWorks software environment. (Results and discussion) An intelligent management system for horticulture industrial technologies has been created based the on the «Agrointellect VIM» hardware and software complex. The concept of the system is shown to be implemented via computer and communication technology, robotic machines, the software for collecting, organizing, analyzing and storing data. The gripper proves to fix an apple gently and holds it securely. Depending on the size, the fruit fixation time is 1.5-2.0 seconds, the fruit maximum size is 85 per 80 millimeters , and its maximum weight is 500 grams. (Conclusions) The developed intelligent control system for industrial technologies based on «Agrointellect VIM» hardware and software complex ensures the efficient real-time processing of information necessary for the design of intelligent agricultural technologies using robotic machines and artificial intelligence systems.
The Desire for Enrichment as a Cause of Corruption of the Republic
Authors: Arkhipov F. V. 
Published: December 2021

This study is devoted to the problem of material enrichment in the framework of Republican political theory. The aim of the work is to determine how the private desire for wealth correlates with the republican public virtues and affects the corruptio of the republic. The fact is that the desire for enrichment is the realization of a private self-interest. At the same time, the key republican virtue for the classical period — virtu — also assumes the presence of a private interest. In this regard, the author provides a theoretical justification for the permissibility of the desire for enrichment within the framework of republicanism.The research methods are comparative, historical methods, as well as the methodology of the Cambridge school. Within the framework of the analysis of the texts of the Republican tradition, the author comes to the following results.The corruptio of the republic takes place in cases where citizens are willing to compromise with the centralized political power of the state, giving up republican freedom for the sake of security and wealth. The most striking manifestation of this compromise is the transfer to the state of the function of distributing material goods in society. Wealth itself, in accordance with the classic Republican critique of statism, becomes dangerous when it replaces virtue, or becomes the price for which a person is willing to sell his freedom.At the same time, the most dangerous form of such a deal can be called a compromise, in which republican institutions continue to function formally, but political participation in society is replaced by police state control. Corruption of morals, therefore, occurs when people are willing to give up personal freedom for the sake of material well-being and convenience. However, at the same time, there is an amazing ideological substitution, according to which the political sphere begins to be called the state apparatus, which as such suppresses politics. This is the moment at which the corruptio of the republic takes place.As a result of the study, the author concludes that an effective compromise between a deviation from republican principles and private welfare is impossible. However, the desire to enrich itself can even be useful for the republic.