bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Mobile App (Heali) for Disease Treatment in Participants With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
Authors: Rafferty Aaron J , Hall Rick , Johnston Carol S 
Published: January 2021

Background
A diet high in fermentable, oligo-, di-, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) has been shown to exacerbate symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Previous literature reports significant improvement in IBS symptoms with initiation of a low FODMAP diet (LFD) and monitored reintroduction. However, dietary adherence to the LFD is difficult, with patients stating that the information given by health care providers is often generalized and nonspecific, requiring them to search for supplementary information to fit their needs.

Objective
The aim of our study was to determine whether Heali, a novel artificial intelligence dietary mobile app can improve adherence to the LFD, IBS symptom severity, and quality of life outcomes in adults with IBS or IBS-like symptoms over a 4-week period.

Methods
Participants were randomized into 2 groups: the control group (CON), in which participants received educational materials, and the experimental group (APP), in which participants received access to the mobile app and educational materials. Over the course of this unblinded online trial, all participants completed a battery of 5 questionnaires at baseline and at the end of the trial to document IBS symptoms, quality of life, LFD knowledge, and LFD adherence.

Results
We enrolled 58 participants in the study (29 in each group), and 25 participants completed the study in its entirety (11 and 14 for the CON and APP groups, respectively). Final, per-protocol analyses showed greater improvement in quality of life score for the APP group compared to the CON group (31.1 and 11.8, respectively; P=.04). Reduction in total IBS symptom severity score was 24% greater for the APP group versus the CON group. Although this did not achieve significance (–170 vs –138 respectively; P=.37), the reduction in the subscore for bowel habit dissatisfaction was 2-fold greater for the APP group than for the CON group (P=.05).

Conclusions
This initial study provides preliminary evidence that Heali may provide therapeutic benefit to its users, specifically improvements in quality of life and bowel habits. Although this study was underpowered, findings from this study warrant further research in a larger sample of participants to test the efficacy of Heali app use to improve outcomes for patients with IBS.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04256551; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04256551
Comparing News Articles and Tweets About COVID-19 in Brazil: Sentiment Analysis and Topic Modeling Approach
Authors: de Melo Tiago , Figueiredo Carlos M S 
Published: January 2021

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic is severely affecting people worldwide. Currently, an important approach to understand this phenomenon and its impact on the lives of people consists of monitoring social networks and news on the internet.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to present a methodology to capture the main subjects and themes under discussion in news media and social media and to apply this methodology to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.MethodsThis work proposes a methodology based on topic modeling, namely entity recognition, and sentiment analysis of texts to compare Twitter posts and news, followed by visualization of the evolution and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. We focused our analysis on Brazil, an important epicenter of the pandemic; therefore, we faced the challenge of addressing Brazilian Portuguese texts.ResultsIn this work, we collected and analyzed 18,413 articles from news media and 1,597,934 tweets posted by 1,299,084 users in Brazil. The results show that the proposed methodology improved the topic sentiment analysis over time, enabling better monitoring of internet media. Additionally, with this tool, we extracted some interesting insights about the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. For instance, we found that Twitter presented similar topic coverage to news media; the main entities were similar, but they differed in theme distribution and entity diversity. Moreover, some aspects represented negative sentiment toward political themes in both media, and a high incidence of mentions of a specific drug denoted high political polarization during the pandemic.ConclusionsThis study identified the main themes under discussion in both news and social media and how their sentiments evolved over time. It is possible to understand the major concerns of the public during the pandemic, and all the obtained information is thus useful for decision-making by authorities.
Patient-related barriers to some virtual healthcare services among cancer patients in the USA: a population-based study
Authors: Abdel-Rahman Omar 
Published: January 2021

Objective:
To assess the patient-related barriers to access of some virtual healthcare tools among cancer patients in the USA in a population-based cohort.
Materials & methods:
National Health Interview Survey datasets (2011–2018) were reviewed and adult participants (≥18 years old) with a history of cancer diagnosis and complete information about virtual healthcare utilization (defined by [a] filling a prescription on the internet in the past 12 months and/or [b] communicating with a healthcare provider through email in the past 12 months) were included. Information about video-conferenced phone calls and telephone calls are not available in the National Health Interview Survey datasets; and thus, they were not examined in this study. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate factors associated with the utilization of virtual care tools.
Results:
A total of 25,121 participants were included in the current analysis; including 4499 participants (17.9%) who utilized virtual care in the past 12 months and 20,622 participants (82.1%) who did not utilize virtual care in the past 12 months. The following factors were associated with less utilization of virtual healthcare tools in multivariable logistic regression: older age (continuous odds ratio [OR] with increasing age: 0.987; 95% CI: 0.984–0.990), African-American race (OR for African American vs white race: 0.608; 95% CI: 0.517–0.715), unmarried status (OR for unmarried compared with married status: 0.689; 95% CI: 0.642–0.739), lower level of education (OR for education ≤high school vs >high school: 0.284; 95% CI: 0.259–0.311), weaker English proficiency (OR for no proficiency vs very good proficiency: 0.224; 95% CI: 0.091–0.552) and lower yearly earnings (OR for earnings <$45,000 vs earnings >$45,000: 0.582; 95% CI: 0.523–0.647).
Conclusion:
Older patients, those with African-American race, lower education, lower earnings and weak English proficiency are less likely to access the above studied virtual healthcare tools. Further efforts are needed to tackle disparities in telemedicine access.
Non-Earnings Conference Calls: Content, Determinants, and Consequences
Authors: Wang Lin 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
I use computational linguistic techniques to study the content, determinants, and stock market consequences of conference calls that are not held in conjunction with quarterly earnings releases (hereafter, non-earnings conference calls). I find that large firms, loss firms, firms with more volatile earnings and returns, and firms with complex operations and a greater number of analysts following hold more non-earnings conference calls. Firms with volatile earnings and greater operational complexity discuss more earnings, investment, and market-related topics in non-earnings conference calls. These results are consistent with the notion that firms facing greater informational problems hold more non-earnings conference calls. I also find that controlling for other disclosure types, non-earnings conference calls incrementally explain quarterly abnormal stock returns, suggesting that they indeed help improve firms' information environment.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
Challenges to antimicrobial susceptibility testing of plant-derived polyphenolic compounds
Authors: Bubonja-Šonje Marina , Knežević Samira , Abram Maja 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
As multidrug resistance gains momentum, the last two decades have seen an ever-growing interest in the antimicrobial properties of plant extracts and plant-derived compounds. Most of the focus is on polyphenols – a large and diverse group of phytochemicals with strong antibacterial activity. Testing methods provide reliable results as long as they follow standard procedures. However, methods and procedures used in antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) are often too diverse to allow comparison of results. The lack of uniformity and comparability is much owed to the absence of guidelines. The focus of this review is to give a critical overview of different methods used in the assessment of polyphenols antimicrobial efficacy and to highlight the importance of their standardisation.
Isolasi Dan Identifikasi Senyawa Antijamur Daun Jeringau (Acorus calamus Linn.) Sebagai Pengendali Jamur Athelia rolfsii Sacc. Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Batang Pada Tanaman Kedelai
Authors: Prawanayoni Susun Susun , Sudirga Sang Ketut 
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk isolasi dan identifikasi senyawa bioaktif ekstrak daun jeringau (Acorus calamus) serta uji aktivitasnya untuk menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Athelia rolfsii penyebab penyakit busuk batang pada tanaman kedelai. Penelitian diawali oleh ekstraksi daun jeringau, uji daya hambat ekstrak terhadap pertumbuhan jamur Athelia rolfsii, partisi, kolom kromatografi dan lapis tipis kromatografi, uji daya hambat fraksi serta mengidentifikasi senyawa bioaktif menggunakan gas kromatografi-spektroskopi massa (GC-MS). Ekstrak kasar daun jeringau mampu menghambat pertumbuhan jamur A. rolfsii dengan diameter zona hambat sebesar 25 mm. Hasil analisis fraksi aktif ekstrak daun jeringau berhasil mengidentifikasi 24 senyawa antijamur terhadap A. rolfsii. Senyawa dominan yang terdapat dalam ekstrak tersebut adalah ethanol, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy) dan 1.2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis (2-ethylhexyl).

Kata kunci: Ekstrak, antijamur, isolasi, identifikasi, Athelia rolfsii
Remdesivir como tratamiento para COVID-19
Authors: Yépez Solmayra , Bustillos Alberto 
Published: January 2021

Introducción: El coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 se detectó inicialmente a finales de 2019, no existe un fármaco específico establecido para el tratamiento y debido a su homología con el virus del SARS se ha considerado al remdesivir como una opción terapéutica. A principios de agosto de 2020, este medicamento se encuentra disponible en Ecuador, se han realizado varios estudios con el fin de evaluar el remdesevir como medicamento de tratamiento para la infección por COVID-19. Varios estudios informaron que el remdesivir es efectivo en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, estos estudios tienen algunas limitaciones y no está lo suficientemente claro si el remdesivir reduce o no la carga de ARN viral y la mortalidad.
Objetivos: El objetivo fue realizar un artículo de revisión bibliográfico narrativo sobre la literatura científica actualizada sobre el uso del remdesivir como una opción antiviral para el tratamiento de pacientes con COVID-19, describiendo la evidencia encontrada sobre la eficacia, seguridad y reducción de la mortalidad en pacientes con COVID-19 tratados con remdesivir.
Material y Métodos: El objetivo fue realizar un artículo de revisión bibliográfico narrativo sobre la literatura científica actualizada sobre el uso del remdesivir como una opción antiviral para el tratamiento de pacientes con COVID-19, describiendo la evidencia encontrada sobre la eficacia, seguridad y reducción de la mortalidad en pacientes con COVID-19 tratados con remdesivir.
Resultados: Se revisaron 28 artículos científicos, de la revisión se observó que varios estudios reportan que el tratamiento con remdesivir muestra beneficios en la evolución clínica, sin embargo, se señalan limitaciones y se reportan ciertas dudas de la eficacia del tratamiento en la reducción de la carga viral y mortalidad.
Conclusiones: Los resultados de los diferentes ensayos clínicos, estudios aleatorizados evaluados en nuestra revisión, se observaron resultados contradictorios, ciertos autores reportan un beneficio notable del uso de remdesivir en pacientes con enfermedad grave y moderada por COVID-19, previniendo la progresión a neumonía grave y generando mejoría rápida en los pacientes tratados con este fármaco; sin embargo, se reportan limitaciones, no es todavía claro la eficacia del fármaco para reducir las tasas de carga de ARN viral y la reducción en la mortalidad.
Meralgia paresthetica treated by injection, decompression, and neurectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of pain and operative outcomes
Authors: Lu Victor M. , Burks S. Shelby , Heath Rainya N. , Wolde Tizeta , Spinner Robert J. , Levi Allan D. 
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE
Meralgia paresthetica is caused by entrapment of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) and often presents with pain. Multiple treatment options targeting the LFCN can be pursued to treat the pain should conservative measures fail, with the most common options being injection, neurolysis, and neurectomy. However, their efficacy in causing pain relief and their clinical outcomes have yet to be directly compared. The aim of this study was to interrogate the contemporary literature and quantitatively define how these options compare.

METHODS
The electronic databases Ovid Embase, PubMed, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane Library were interrogated from inception to May 2020 following the PRISMA guidelines. Candidate articles were screened against prespecified criteria. Outcome data were abstracted and pooled by random-effects meta-analysis of proportions.

RESULTS
There were 25 articles that satisfied all criteria, reporting outcomes for a total of 670 meralgia paresthetica patients, with 78 (12%) treated by injection, 496 (74%) by neurolysis, and 96 (14%) by neurectomy. The incidence of complete pain relief was 85% (95% CI 71%–96%) after neurectomy, 63% (95% CI 56%–71%) after neurolysis, and 22% (95% CI 13%–33%) after injection, which were all statistically different (p < 0.01). The incidence of revision procedures was 12% (95% CI 4%–22%) after neurolysis and 0% (95% CI 0%–2%) after neurectomy, which were significantly lower than 81% (95% CI 64%–94%) after injection (p < 0.01). The incidences of treatment complications were statistically comparable across all three treatments, ranging from 0% to 5% (p = 0.34).

CONCLUSIONS
There are multiple treatment options to target pain in meralgia paresthetica. The incidence of complete pain relief appears to be the greatest among the 3 interventions after neurectomy, accompanied by the lowest incidence of revision procedures. These findings should help inform patient preference and expectations. Greater exploration of the anatomical rationale for incomplete pain relief after surgical intervention will assist in optimizing further surgical treatment for meralgia paresthetica.
Clinical and radiological results of indirect decompression after anterior lumbar interbody fusion in central spinal canal stenosis
Authors: Lee Dong Hyun , Lee Dong-Geun , Hwang Jin Sub , Jang Jae-Won , Maeng Dae Hyeon , Park Choon Keun 
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE
Whereas the benefits of indirect decompression after lateral lumbar interbody fusion are well known, the effects of anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) have not yet been verified. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological effects of indirect decompression after ALIF for central spinal canal stenosis. In this report, along with the many advantages of the anterior approach, the authors share cases with good outcomes that they have encountered.

METHODS
The authors performed a retrospective analysis of 64 consecutive patients who underwent ALIF for central spinal canal stenosis with instability and mixed foraminal stenosis between January 2015 and December 2018 at their hospital. Clinical assessments were performed using the visual analog scale score, the Oswestry Disability Index, and the modified Macnab criteria. The radiographic parameters were determined from pre- and postoperative cross-sectional MRI scans of the spinal canal and were compared to evaluate neural decompression after ALIF. The average follow-up period was 23.3 ± 1.3 months.

RESULTS
All clinical parameters, including the visual analog scale score, Oswestry Disability Index, and modified Macnab criteria, improved significantly. The mean operative duration was 254.8 ± 60.8 minutes, and the intraoperative bleeding volume was 179.8 ± 119.3 ml. In the radiological evaluation, radiological parameters of the cross-sections of the spinal canal showed substantial development. The spinal canal size improved by an average of 43.3% (p < 0.001) after surgery. No major complications occurred; however, aspiration guided by ultrasonography was performed in 2 patients because of a pseudocyst and fluid collection.

CONCLUSIONS
ALIF can serve as a suitable alternative to extensive posterior approaches. The authors suggest that ALIF can be used for decompression in central spinal canal stenosis as well as restoration of the foraminal dimensions, thus allowing decompression of the nerve roots.
Change in pelvic incidence between the supine and standing positions in patients with bilateral sacroiliac joint vacuum signs
Authors: Mikula Anthony L. , Fogelson Jeremy L. , Oushy Soliman , Pinter Zachariah W. , Peters Pierce A. , Abode-Iyamah Kingsley , Sebastian Arjun S. , Freedman Brett , Currier Bradford L. , Polly David W. , Elder Benjamin D. 
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE
Pelvic incidence (PI) is a commonly utilized spinopelvic parameter in the evaluation and treatment of patients with spinal deformity and is believed to be a fixed parameter. However, a fixed PI assumes that there is no motion across the sacroiliac (SI) joint, which has been disputed in recent literature. The objective of this study was to determine if patients with SI joint vacuum sign have a change in PI between the supine and standing positions.

METHODS
A retrospective chart review identified patients with a standing radiograph, supine radiograph, and CT scan encompassing the SI joints within a 6-month period. Patients were grouped according to their SI joints having either no vacuum sign, unilateral vacuum sign, or bilateral vacuum sign. PI was measured by two independent reviewers.

RESULTS
Seventy-three patients were identified with an average age of 66 years and a BMI of 30 kg/m2. Patients with bilateral SI joint vacuum sign (n = 27) had an average absolute change in PI of 7.2° (p < 0.0001) between the standing and supine positions compared to patients with unilateral SI joint vacuum sign (n = 20) who had a change of 5.2° (p = 0.0008), and patients without an SI joint vacuum sign (n = 26) who experienced a change of 4.1° (p = 0.74). ANOVA with post hoc Tukey test showed a statistically significant difference in the change in PI between patients with the bilateral SI joint vacuum sign and those without an SI joint vacuum sign (p = 0.023). The intraclass correlation coefficient between the two reviewers was 0.97 for standing PI and 0.96 for supine PI (p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS
Patients with bilateral SI joint vacuum signs had a change in PI between the standing and supine positions, suggesting there may be increasing motion across the SI joint with significant joint degeneration.
Review of: Jewish Mystical and Gnostic Pseudoepigraphs. Saint Petersburg: RKhGA Press, 2014. 302 p. ISBN 978-5-88812-585-4
Authors: Вевюрко Илья Сергеевич 
Published: January 2021

Эта книга представляет собой публикацию переводов ряда псевдоэпиграфических произведений: сохранившихся частей арамейского текста Первой книги Еноха (далее 1 Ен.) и ассоциирующихся с ней фрагментов из Кумрана, Книги небесных Дворцов (она же Еврейская, или Третья книга Еноха) с вариациями некоторых глав из разных рукописных традиций в виде приложения, а также Книги Авраама (Сефер Йецира, или Книги созидания). Все эти памятники в переводе И. Р . Т антлевского сопровождены научными предисловиями и комментариями.
This book is a publication of translations of a number of pseudepigraphic works: the surviving parts of the Aramaic text of the First Book of Enoch (hereafter 1 En.) and its associated fragments from Qumran, the Book of Heavenly Palaces (aka Hebrew or Third Book of Enoch) with variations of some chapters from various manuscript traditions as an appendix, and the Book of Abraham (Sefer Yetsir, or Book of Creation). All these monuments, translated by J.R. Tantlev. Tantlevsky is accompanied by scholarly prefaces and commentaries.
PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, LEVERAGE, KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL DAN CAPITAL INTENSITY RATIO TERHADAP TAX AVOIDANCE
Authors: Bandaro Ledya Akmal Syaflet , Ariyanto Stefanus 
Published: January 2021

This research aims to study the factors affecting Effective Tax Rate as a ratio indicates the efficiency of tax burden management by companies. The factors are Return on Assets (ROA), Ukuran Perusahaan (SIZE), Leverage (LEV), Managerial Ownership (KPM) dan Capital Intensity Ratio (CIR). Research sample were taken from the population of public manufacturing companies in Indonesia for the period 2016-2018, selected with predetermined criteria, resulting 55 companies from the population. The data is analysed using linear regression technique. This research reveals that the only variable that has significant influence towards Effective Tax Rate is Return on Assets and all the variables are simultaneously have effect towards Effective Tax Rate.

Keywords: Return on Assets, leverage ratio, Firm Size, Managerial Ownership, Capital intensity, tax avoidance, effective tax rate.
Indonesia PENGARUH LITERASI KEUANGAN TERHADAP INKLUSI KEUANGAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SOCIAL CAPITAL SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIATOR
Authors: Natalia Maya Angela , KURNIASARI FLORENTINA , Hendrawaty Ernie , Oktaviani Vina Medya 
Published: January 2021

Abstract-MSMEs plays an important role to support Indonesia’s economic growth. There is an urgency to increase the financial literacy and skills for MSMEs, especially in managing their fund to make their businesses alive. The government believed that the financial literacy was one way to achieve the society prosperity by taking advantage from the collectivisim culture of Indonesian. This study is to examine the effect of financial literacy on financial inclusion by using social capital mediation at MSMEs in South Tangerang City. The questionnaires were distributed to some MSME’s district in South Tangerang regency. All data collection were furthered analyzed using Structural Equation Model on AMOS 24. The research showed that financial literacy does not affect financial inclusion, financial literacy affects social capital and social capital as a mediator variable on the relationship of financial literacy affects financial inclusion in MSMEs in South Tangerang City. It can be concluded that there is an influence of social capital that connects financial literacy to financial inclusion. All the stakeholders in the financial ecosystem in Indonesia, including financial institutions and the government as regulators, will be better to use the power of social capital to increase financial literacy and financial inclusion in Indonesia.
Keywords: Financial Literacy, Financial Inclusion, Social Capital, SMEs, South Tangerang City