bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does renewable energy consumption contribute to the development of low-carbon economy? Evidence from China
Authors: Li Tuochen , Shi Ziyi , Han Dongri 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Stimulating renewable energy consumption has become a major strategic choice for China to both fulfill the international commitment to reduce carbon emissions and realize the high-quality growth of the domestic economy. On account of the provincial data during the period of 2000 to 2017, we creatively incorporate the ecological footprint into the measurement of low-carbon economy development level through super-efficient SBM model, so as to infer the coordinated development level of 3E system more precisely. Based on factor substitution effect, energy path dependence effect and scale effect, the complex nonlinear relationship between the two core research objects is further probed by constructing the threshold regressive model. On the foundation of heoretical research, the consumption of renewable energy, the intensity of energy use and the level of regional economic development are respectively selected as the moderating variables of the model. Further, we divide different intervals of threshold values to distinguish the differences in the effects caused by regional heterogeneity. The following conclusions are drawed ultimately: There is an apparent threshold effect between the renewables consumption and the advancement of low-carbon economy. Only when the renewable itself reaches a higher level of consumption, can it show a significant advantage in green economic development. In addition, to make full use of the renewable resources to boost low-carbon and green economy, it is necessary to reduce the economy's dependence on energy, that is, to decrease the intensity of energy use, while maintaining the process of improving coordination of regional economy.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Mothers/caregivers on Infant and Young Child Feeding in Assosa Woreda, Assosa Zone, Benshangul Gumuz Region, Western Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Assefa Dawit Getachew , Woldesenbet Tigist Tekle 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: For optimal nutritional status, health, and growth of the children the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of mothers/caregivers on infant and young child feeding are key factors. Hence, in this study, the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the mothers/caregivers on infant and young child feeding were assessed. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among 486 mothers/caregivers from Assosa Districts in Assosa Zone of Benshangul Gumuz Region, Western Ethiopia, semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used. To isolate independent predictors for good knowledge, good practice, and favorable attitude of the mothers/caregivers related to child feeding, multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Out of 486 study participants, only 19 % of the participants knew the importance of colostrum’s, 83.1% of respondents know the exact time of complementary feeding initiation. Furthermore, the Majority, (84%) of respondents believed that breast milk was the first feed that should be consumed by the child within 1hour of birth.In bivariate analysis, the data showed that there was no association between mothers’ knowledge and the variables analyzed; these variables include a place of the respondent, sex, marital status, religion, occupation, family size, etc. In the binary logistic regression analysis age of mothers, educational status of the mother, place of delivery, father educational status, father involvement & support, information about IYCF, discuss with your husband about IYCF and ANC follow up were statistically associated with mothers knowledge on IYCF recommendation.Conclusions: Overall mothers had good knowledge and a fair attitude about IYCF practices. Age of mothers, Place of delivery, information about IYCF, and ANC follow-up were statistically associated with mother's knowledge of IYCF. To support IYCF practices, behavior change communications intervention strategies should be introduced in mothers to bridge the gap between knowledge and practices.
PD-L1 Improves Motor Function and Alleviates Neuropathic Pain in Male Mice After Spinal Cord Injury by Inhibiting MAPK Pathway
Authors: Shi Jiangang , Kong FanQi , Sun Kaiqiang , Zhu Jian , Li FuDong , Lin Feng , Sun XiaoFei , Luo Xi , Ren ChangZhen , Lu LanTao , Zhao ShuJie , Sun JingChuan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) causes severe motor dysfunction and persistent central neuropathic pain (Nep) that remains uncured yet. Programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is typically produced by cancer cells and contributes to the immune-suppressive in tumor microenvironment, and the role of PD-L1 in regulating inflammatory response and Nep after SCI remains unclear. A growing amount of research has begun to investigate the effect of PD-L1 on macrophages and microglia. Considering the pivotal role of macrophages/microglia in the inflammatory response after SCI, we tested the hypothesis that PD-L1 improved the recovery of locomotor and sensory functions after SCI through macrophages and microglia.
Methods

The mice SCI model was employed to determine the changes in expression patterns of PD-L1. Meanwhile, we constructed PD-L1 knockout mice to observe differences in functional recovery and phenotypes of macrophages/microglia post-SCI.
Results

In present study, PD-L1 was significantly upregulated after SCI and highly expressed on macrophages/microglia. PD-L1 knockout (KO) mice showed poor locomotor recovery and serious pathological pain compared with wild-type (WT) mice. Furthermore, deletion of PD-L1 significantly increased the polarization of M1-like macrophages/microglia. Mechanistic analysis revealed that PD-L1 may improve functional outcomes following SCI by inhibiting phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2.
Conclusions

Our observations implicate the involvement of PD-L1 in recovery of SCI and provide a new treatment strategy for prevention and treatment of this traumatic condition.
A Computational Study of Silicon and Germanium-Based Molecules in Terms of Solar Cells Performance
Authors: Tanış Emine 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Photovoltaic energy sources are increasingly in demand due to concerns over the cost of petroleum fuels and carbon emissions. Silicon based photovoltaic production is relatively high. Silicon and germanium-based semiconductors with 1,1,2,3,4,5-Hexaphenyl-1H-silole (HPS) and 1,1,2,3,4,5-Hexaphenyl-1H-germole (HPG) 's to determine the appropriateness in terms of photovoltaic applications, electronic structure and charge transport properties density functional theory (DFT) and by Marcus theory have been investigated. Absorption spectra, reorganization energies (λe and λh), frontier orbitals, the ionization potentials (IPs) and the electron affinities (EAs), the effective transfer integrals (Ve and Vh), and the charge transfer rates (We and Wh) were determined. HPG can be said to have better photovoltaic properties with high electron transfer rate, narrow band gap and low excitation energy. In addition, we can say that HPS is a suitable candidate for hole injection layer with its high hole transfer properties. Accordingly, these molecules are potential candidates for the manufacture of photovoltaic solar cells and optoelectronic devices.
Suicide Ideation and Psychosocial Distress Among Refugee Adolescents in Bidibidi Settlement in West Nile, Uganda
Authors: Bukuluki Paul , Kisaakye Peter , Wandiembe Symon Peter , Besigwa Samuel 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThis study investigated the factors associated with suicidal ideation and psychological distress among 281 Sudanese refugees (aged 10-19 years) in Uganda. Adolescents refugees have been reported among the groups vulnerable to mental health and psychosocial challenges including suicidal ideations and attempts. MethodsThe analysis is based on cross-sectional secondary data collected as part of the implementation of a project on sexual and reproductive health in refugee settlements. Data were collected in July 2020. We estimated the prevalence of psychological, distress and suicidal ideation, and the associated profiles. Odds ratios and their 95% Confidence Intervals based on a logistic regression model were used to assess the effect of different potential factors on the risk profiles for suicidal ideation and psychological distress. ResultsThe prevalence of psychological distress (on KS-6 scale) was estimated to be 12.3% (95%CI: 8.7, 16.7%). This was dominated by lack of hope in the future - at 11.6% (95%CI: 8.1, 15.9%). Suicide ideation within the past four weeks was reported by 5.3% (95%CI: 3.0, 8.6%) of the respondents while suicide attempt in the last six months was reported by 0.7% (95%CI: 0.1, 2.5%). Both psychological distress and suicide ideations are more common among girls than boys, 11.6% vs. 2.6% and 18.6% vs. 9.2%, respectively. Suicidal ideation and distress are also less likely among adolescents with friends or family members with whom they can confide in. At univariate level, girls and very young adolescents, (OR=0.16; 95%CI: 0.05, 0.50) and (OR=0.39; 95%CI: 0.14, 1.05), respectively. At multivariate analysis, the risk for suicide ideation was low among male adolescents (aOR= 0.16; 95%CI: 0.05, 0.52) and adolescents with a friend or family members they can confide in (aOR=0.14; 95%CI: 0.04, 0.50). Similarly, the risk for psychological distress is low among male adolescents (aOR= 0.51; 95%CI: 0.23, 1.02), older adolescents as compared to those aged 10-12 years (aOR= 0.12; 95%CI: 0.04, 0.40), and adolescents with a friend or family members they can confide in (aOR=0.33; 95%CI: 0.11, 0.96).ConclusionBoth suicidal ideation and psychological distress are very high among the female adolescents. Familial and individual interventions, particularly those focused on encouraging emotional expression and familial cohesion will be potentially useful for female adolescents who have a high risk of suicide.
GhGASA10-1 promotes the cell and fiber elongation through the phytohormones IAA-induced
Authors: Chen Baojun , Sun Yaru , Tian Zailong , Fu Guoyong , Pei Xinxin , Pan Zhaoe , MF Nazir , Song Song , Li Hongge , Wang Xiaoyang , Qin Ning , Miao Yuchen , He Shoupu , Du Xiongming 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Cotton is an important cash crop. The fiber length has always been a hot spot, but multi-factor control of fiber quality makes it complex to understand its genetic basis. Previous reports suggested that OsGASR9 promotes germination, width, and thickness by GAs in rice, while the overexpression of AtGASA10 lead to a reduction in silique length, which is likely to reduce cell wall expansion. Therefore, this study aimed to explore function of GhGASA10 in cotton fibers development.Results: To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying fiber elongation regulation concerning GhGASA10-1, we revealed an evolutionary basis, gene structure, and expression. Our results emphasized the conservative nature of GASA family with its origin in lower fern plants S. moellendorffii. GhGASA10-1 was localized in the cell membrane, which may synthesize and transport secreted protein to the cell wall. Besides, GhGASA10-1 promoted seedling germination and root extension in transgenic Arabidopsis, indicating that GhGASA10-1 promotes cell elongation. Interestingly, GhGASA10-1 was upregulated by IAA at fiber elongation stages. Conclusion: We propose that GhGASA10-1 promotes fiber elongation by regulating the synthesis of cellulose induced by IAA, to lay the foundation for future research on the regulation network of GASA10-1 in cotton fiber development.
The Stripe of Electron Diffraction in Magnetic Field—A Counterexample. In Electric Field, the Result Will Be the Same
Authors: Tu Runsheng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
As long as no one has done diffraction experiment in the spark chamber (DESC) , it makes sense to do this experiment. This experiment has two possible results: (1) Diffraction fringes cannot be obtained; (2) Path information and diffraction patterns can be obtained at the same time. If the result is (1), it provides direct and unambiguous experimental evidence for the existing Copenhagen quantum mechanics interpretation system, which can avoid some unnecessary disputes; If the result is (2), it will cause a scientific revolution in the field of quantum mechanics interpretation (After all, most people now think that "as long as the particle path is observed in the double slit experiment, the interference fringes will disappear"). "The result of the electron diffraction experiment in a magnetic field—diffraction fringes can still be obtained" was discovered. This finding provides an experimental evidence for DESC to be meaningful and predicts that the experimental result of DESC is the result (2).
Developing a Research Database of Primary Aldosteronism: Rationale and Baseline Characteristics
Authors: Wang Wen , Li Yuanmei , Li Qianrui , Zhang Tingting , Wang Wei , Mo Dan , Tian Haoming , Chen Tao , Ren Yan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
BackgroundManagement of primary aldosteronism (PA) has become a research hotspot in the field of endocrinology. To obtain reliable research evidence, it is necessary to establish a high-quality PA research database. MethodsThe establishment of PA research database involved two steps. Firstly, patients with confirmation of PA diagnosis between 1 Jan 2009 to 31 Aug 2019 at West China Hospital were identified and data were extracted. Secondly, patients with confirmatory testing for PA will be enrolled into a prospective cohort. Data will be prospectively collected based on the case report forms since 1 Sep 2019. We evaluated the quality of research database through assessment of quality of key variables.ResultsTotally, 862 patients diagnosed as PA were identified, of which 507 patients who had positive confirmatory testing for PA were included into the retrospective database. Among 862 patients diagnosed as PA, the mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 156.1 mmHg, mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was 97.2 mmHg. Among included patients, the mean serum potassium level was 2.85 mmol/L, and the mean plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) was 28.1 ng/dL. The characteristics patients with positive confirmatory testing for PA were similar. Validation of data extracting and linking showed the accuracy were 100%. Evaluation of missing data showed that the completeness of BMI (95.9%), SBP (99.4%) and DBP (99.4%) were high. ConclusionThrough integrating retrospective and prospective cohort of PA, a research database of PA with high quality and comprehensive data can be established. We anticipate that the research database will provide a high level of feasibility for management of PA in China.
The Effects of 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl Borate (2-APB) and Dantrolene on Rat Bones Treated With&nbsp;NaAsO2
Authors: Feng Jia , Qin Wenjuan , Lv Hailong , Wang Zhen , Zhai Zijing , Huang Lei , Dong Shanshan , Lu Guilin , Jiang Yufeng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective To observe the effects of arsenic and the protective effects of 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) and dantrolene on the trabeculae of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Methods Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into a control group and an arsenic poisoning group. After 12 weeks of arsenic exposure, six rats in the arsenic poisoning group were randomly selected for sacrifice. The remaining rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n=6 per group): natural recovery after arsenic exposure, dantrolene intervention after arsenic exposure, 2-APB intervention after arsenic exposure, and 2-APB + dantrolene intervention after arsenic exposure. After 21 days of treatment by oral gavage every other day, the bilateral femurs and tibias of the rats were scanned using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were isolated and cultured, and Ca2+ concentration and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of BMSCs was assessed. Results Compared with the control group, bone mineralization density (BMD), bone volume (BV)-to-total volume (TV) ratio (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and degree of anisotropy (DA) decreased, while trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), trabecular pattern factor (TBpf), and structural model index (SMI) increased in the arsenic poisoning group (P<0.05); additionally, Ca2+ concentration increased and ALP activity decreased significantly in the arsenic poisoning group (P<0.05). Compared with the natural recovery group, after arsenic exposure, the indices of micro-CT recovered to some extent, the Ca2+ concentration of BMSCs decreased significantly, and the ALP activity of BMSCs increased significantly after intervention with 2-APB and dantrolene (P<0.05). Conclusion Arsenic can lead to significant changes in the structure of trabeculae and osteoporosis in rats, and these changes can be improved by intervention with 2-APB and dantrolene.
Late Stroke After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Nationwide Study
Authors: Bjursten Henrik , Norrving Bo , Ragnarsson Sigurdur 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a rapidly growing field. Short-term safety and efficacy of these procedures have been studied extensively. However, little is known about the safety of these devices over time. Stroke is one feared long-term complication, and an increased stroke rate could affect guidelines for treating both the aortic stenosis and choosing antithrombotic therapy after TAVR. The primary objective was to study the incidence of stroke up to 8 years after TAVR implantation, comparing it with the risk of stroke in the general population. Secondary objectives were to study risk factors for late stroke and to study outcomes after stroke. A nationwide, all-comers study of patients who underwent TAVR in Sweden 2008–2018 was performed. The study was based on data from three national registries: a TAVR registry, a stroke registry, and a diagnosis registry. The main outcome was stroke incidence 30-days or more after TAVR implantation and was compared to a standardized incidence. The annual risk for stroke varied between 2.0% and 3.1% as compared to 1.5% and 1.9% in an age- and sex-matched cohort. Risk factors for developing stroke were reduced renal function, diabetes, history of stroke, age, and male sex. The 1-year mortality after stroke was 44%. This study demonstrated an increased rate of stroke after TAVR, but the findings suggest that this can in part be attributed to the group’s higher frequency of pre-disposing risk factors.
Resolvin D5 Modulates Th17/Treg Cell Differentiation and Suppresses Osteoclastogenesis.
Authors: Yamada Hirotaka , Saegusa Jun , Sendo Sho , Ueda Yo , Okano Takaichi , Shinohara Masakazu , Morinobu Akio 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Resolvins, are specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) derived from n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. They contribute actively to the resolution of inflammation, but little is known concerning their role in chronic inflammation, such as in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we performed lipid mediator (LM) profiling in tissues from the paws of SKG arthritic mice using lipid chromatography (LC) /mass spectrometry (MS) /MS-based LM metabololipidomics. We found elevated levels of SPMs including resolvin D5 (RvD5) in these tissues. Moreover, RvD5 levels were significantly correlated with arthritis disease activity. From experiments to assess the role of RvD5 in the pathology of RA, we concluded that RvD5 suppressed Th17 cell differentiation and facilitated regulatory T cell differentiation, as well as inhibiting CD4+ T cell proliferation. Furthermore, RvD5 attenuated osteoclast (OC) differentiation and interfered with osteoclastogenesis. Targeting the resolution of inflammation could be promising as a novel treatment for RA.
S.O.S. Caregivers: a multi-method participatory study to co-design, piloting, and transferring a novel psycho-social service for engaging family caregivers in remote rural settings.
Authors: Graffigna Guendalina , Gheduzzi Eleonora , Morelli Niccolò , Barello Serena , Corbo Massimo , Ginex Valeria , Ferrari Roberta , Lascioli Andrea , Feriti Carolina , Masella Cristina 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Family caregivers are key actors in the ageing society. They play a pivotal role in enabling the possibility of elders to age in place, so to live at home for as long as possible. They also are mediators between practitioners and patients and usually provide also essential daily services for the elders. However, till now, few services have been deployed to help caregivers in their care tasks as in improving their mental health which can experience sever burden due to caregiving duties.
The purpose of the study is to
implement a community-based participatory research project to
co-design an innovative organizational model of social services for
family caregivers of elderly citizens living in the remote rural
area in Italy.
Methods

The project included a quantitative
analysis of caregivers needs, a scoping review on existing services
for caregivers, co-design workshops with local stakeholders and
caregivers to create a new service the piloting and a first
implementation of the service and the assessment of project
transferability to other contexts.
Results

Family caregivers play a key role in the Western care system, but at expenses of experiencing negative psycho-social consequences. The actual support is largely insufficient to the meet the needs of service users. Caregivers expressed need to be better trained, informed and supported especially between peers. The service has been successful to co-produce a psycho-social intervention that has ameliorated already existing services, creating new support service for caregivers and increasing trust among users and providers.
Conclusions

A dedicated training or support service for caregivers can ameliorate caregiving conditions.
The service SOS Caregivers has resulted
a successful co-productive service for a psyho-social intervention
on family caregivers.

For the future, we suggest that they should be an active partner in the process of creating new psycho-social services and not just as recipients in order to enhance a better age in place process.