bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Meteoritical Bulletin, No. 109
Authors: Gattacceca Jérôme , McCubbin Francis M. , Grossman Jeffrey , Bouvier Audrey , Bullock Emma , Chennaoui Aoudjehane Hasnaa , Debaille Vinciane , D’Orazio Massimo , Komatsu Mutsumi , Miao Bingkui , Schrader Devin L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractMeteoritical Bulletin 109 contains the 2790 meteorites approved by the Nomenclature Committee of the Meteoritical Society in 2020. It includes 17 falls (Al Farciya, Auckland, Cavezzo, Flensburg, Gatuto, Kolang, Mahadeva, Matarka, Narashino, Novo Mesto, Oslo, Saint‐Ouen‐en‐Champagne, Santa Filomena, Tarda, Tiros, Wad Lahteyba, Zhob), with 2336 ordinary chondrites, 131 carbonaceous chondrites (including 8 ungrouped ones), 123 HED achondrites, 41 Martian meteorites, 35 lunar meteorites, 23 iron meteorites, 21 ureilites, 17 primitive achondrites, 13 ungrouped achondrites, 12 mesosiderites, 12 Rumuruti chondrites, 9 enstatite chondrites, 8 pallasites, 4 unclassified meteorites (identified at the surface of Mars), 3 enstatite achondrites, 1 angrite, and 1 ungrouped chondrite. One thousand five hundred and forty‐one are from Antarctica, 763 from Africa, 297 from South America, 127 from Asia, 31 from North America, 11 from Europe, 10 from Oceania, 9 from Mars, and 1 from an unknown location.
Coordinated activity of amoebic formin and profilin are essential for phagocytosis
Authors: Bharadwaj Ravi , Bhattacharya Alok , Somlata  
Published: July 2021

AbstractFor the protist parasite Entamoeba histolytica, endocytic processes, such as phagocytosis, are essential for its survival in the human gut. The actin cytoskeleton is involved in the formation of pseudopods and phagosomal vesicles by incorporating a number of actin‐binding and modulating proteins along with actin in a temporal manner. The actin dynamics, which comprises polymerization, branching, and depolymerization is very tightly regulated and takes place directionally at the sites of initiation of phagocytosis. Formin and profilin are two actin‐binding proteins that are known to regulate actin cytoskeleton dynamics and thereby, endocytic processes. In this article, we report the participation of formin and profilin in E. histolytica phagocytosis and propose that these two proteins interact with each other and their sequential recruitment at the site is required for the successful completion of phagocytosis. The evidence is based on detailed microscopic, live imaging, interaction studies, and expression downregulation. The cells downregulated for expression of formin show absence of profilin at the site of phagocytosis, whereas downregulation of profilin does not affect formin localization.
finFindR: Automated recognition and identification of marine mammal dorsal fins using residual convolutional neural networks
Authors: Thompson Jaime W. , Zero Victoria H. , Schwacke Lori H. , Speakman Todd R. , Quigley Brian M. , Morey Jeanine S. , McDonald Trent L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPhotographic identification is an essential research and management tool for marine mammal scientists. However, manual identification of individuals is time‐consuming. To shorten processing times, we developed finFindR, an open‐source application that uses a series of neural networks to autonomously locate dorsal fins in unedited field images, quantify an individual's unique fin characteristics, and match them to an existing photograph catalog. During a blind test comparing manual searching to finFindR for common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops Tursiops truncatus) photographs, experienced photo‐identification technicians achieved similar match rates but examined an order of magnitude fewer photographs using finFindR (an average of 10 required with finFindR versus 124 with manual search). In those tests, the correct identity was ranked in the first position in 88% of cases and was within the top 50 ranked positions in 97% of cases. Our observations suggest that finFindR's matching capabilities are robust to moderate variation in image quality and fin distinctiveness. Importantly, finFindR allows users to build a catalog of known individuals through time and match an unlimited number of individuals instead of being restricted to a predefined set. finFindR's convolutional neural networks could be re‐trained to identify members of many marine mammal species without altering finFindR's inherent structure.
Examining the association between adiposity and DNA methylation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Do Whitney L. , Gohar Jazib , McCullough Lauren E. , Galaviz Karla I. , Conneely Karen N. , Narayan K. M. Venkat 
Published: July 2021

SummaryObesity is associated with widespread differential DNA methylation (DNAm) patterns, though there have been limited overlap in the obesity‐associated cytosine–guanine nucleotide pair (CpG) sites that have been identified in the literature. We systematically searched four databases for studies published until January 2020. Eligible studies included cross‐sectional, longitudinal, or intervention studies examining adiposity and genome‐wide DNAm in non‐pregnant adults aged 18–75 in all tissue types. Study design and results were extracted in the descriptive review. Blood‐based DNAm results in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were meta‐analyzed using weighted sum of Z‐score meta‐analysis. Of the 10,548 studies identified, 46 studies were included in the systematic review with 18 and nine studies included in the meta‐analysis of BMI and WC, respectively. In the blood, 77 and four CpG sites were significant in three or more studies of BMI and WC, respectively. Using a genome‐wide threshold for significance, 52 blood‐based CpG sites were significantly associated with BMI. These sites have previously been associated with many obesity‐related diseases including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, Crohn's disease, and depression. Our study shows that DNAm at 52 CpG sites represent potential mediators of obesity‐associated chronic diseases and may be novel intervention or therapeutic targets to protect against obesity‐associated chronic diseases.
One million years of diversity shifts in amphibians and reptiles in a Mediterranean landscape: resilience rules the Quaternary
Authors: Martínez‐Monzón Almudena , Cuenca‐Bescós Gloria , Bisbal‐Chinesta Josep‐Francesc , Blain Hugues‐Alexandre 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn contrast with the well documented strain on extant amphibian and reptile populations today, the Quaternary fossil record of these groups is very conservative showing few changes over long periods of time. In order to establish the non‐human‐induced effect of climate change on herpetofaunal diversity, we collected data from Pleistocene sites in the Sierra de Atapuerca complex (Burgos, Spain), which records the last few million years of changes. Diversity was measured in terms of richness and evenness indices and its relationship to the climatic parameters was analysed with OLS regression models. The highest diversity (richness and evenness; 1‐D) occurred in periods considered to be analogues of the current interglacial, whereas minimum diversity values were reached during periods when conditions were harsher (cooler or glacial stage). In all cases, the diversity values were always restored subsequently, pointing to great resilience. Temperature proves to be the most influential climatic factor. Accordingly, amphibians and reptiles have been able to overcome previous climatic changes successfully. In contrast, the effects of anthropization have generated an uncommon loss of diversity, the like of which has not been seen in the last few million years. The data presented here demonstrate that the current amphibian loss seems to be driven by anthropogenic influence, with climate a factor of a secondary importance.
Chemoselective Photoreaction of Enamides: Divergent Reactivity towards [3+2]‐Photocycloaddition vs Paternò–Büchi Reaction†
Authors: Kandappa Sunil Kumar , Kumarasamy Elango , Singathi Ravichandranath , Valloli Lakshmy Kannadi , Ugrinov Angel , Sivaguru Jayaraman 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPhotoreaction of enamides tethered to a phenyl ketone leads to either [3+2]‐photocycloaddition or Paternò–Büchi reaction. This divergence in chemical reactivity originating from the same excited state was dependent on the reaction temperature. At low temperatures the Paternò–Büchi reaction was preferred, whereas at higher temperatures there was preference toward formation of [3+2]‐photoproduct.
Spatially varying multifeedback for robust signaling
Authors: Wan Frederic Y.M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractElaborate regulatory feedback processes are thought to make biological development robust, that is, resistant to changes induced by sustained genetic or environmental perturbations. How this might be accomplished is still not completely understood, especially when models of some known feedback processes have been shown, some analytically and others by numerical simulations, to be ineffective in promoting robust signaling. By working with nonlocal feedback processes, combinations of two of these ineffective feedback processes were found to ensure robustness as measured by a well‐defined robustness index for the Dpp–Tkv (decapentaplegic–thickvein) signaling in the wing imaginal disc of Drosophila fruit flies. In this paper, we show that there are also spatially varying multifeedback combinations of individually ineffective components that are similarly successful. The analysis of these Hill function type multifeedback models are found to be much more challenging mathematically as the relevant boundary‐value problem remains nonlinear even for systems in a steady state of low receptor occupancy.
Structural Injustice and Labour Migration – From Individual Responsibility to Collective Action
Authors: Egan Magnus Skytterholm 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis paper argues that the vast inequalities in access to migration opportunities and treatment of migrants constitute a structural injustice, and that although states are clearly the most powerful agents in migration injustices, individuals also bear a personal responsibility to ameliorate these injustices. The argument builds on Young's theory of structural injustice and critically applies it to labour migration. The paper argues that wealthy migrants and citizens who benefit from migrant labour have a responsibility to contribute towards ameliorating migration injustice on account of their position of privilege, whereas disadvantaged migrants have a responsibility due to their interest in changing their situation. It then considers how people might discharge such an obligation through collective political action, pointing in particular to non‐governmental organizations, labour unions, and local government. Finally, the paper addresses the objections that positing personal responsibility for labour migration is overly demanding and that the current labour migration regime is meritocratic and fair. The article concludes by showing how this sort of stance can be seen as interest‐driven by privileged groups and argues for the role of disruptive politics in overcoming it.
High‐risk transmission clusters of leprosy in an endemic area in the Northeastern Brazil: A retrospective spatiotemporal modelling (2001–2019)
Authors: Damasceno Dayanne Maria , da Paz Wandklebson Silva , de Souza Carlos Dornels Freire , dos Santos Allan Dantas , Bezerra‐Santos Márcio 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOBJECTIVESTo analyse and map the leprosy risk areas in the state of Alagoas, an endemic region in the Northeastern Brazil, between 2001 and 2019.METHODSEcological and time series study, using spatial analysis techniques. First, we analyse the epidemiological aspects of leprosy cases, using the data available in the Notifiable Diseases Information System; then, we used the segmented log‐linear regression model to assess time trends. Spatial distribution was analysed by the Local Empirical Bayesian Estimator and by calculating the Global and Local Moran Index. Finally, spatiotemporal clusters were identified through scanning statistics, using the Kulldorf method of retrospective analysis.RESULTSWe observed that Alagoas showed an average new case detection rate of 14.43/100,000 inhabitants between 2001 and 2019, being classified as highly endemic. The area of highest risk was the 9th health region (state hinterland), with increasing time trend (Annual Percentage Change/APC = 7.2; p‐value < 0.05). Several clusters of high risk of leprosy transmission were verified in Alagoas, including the state capital and hinterland municipalities.CONCLUSIONSOur data indicate that active M. leprae transmission persists in Alagoas; that diagnosis is delayed and that there are high‐risk areas, especially in inland municipalities.
Telemammography for breast cancer screening: a cost-effective approach in Argentina
Authors: Malek Pascha Victoria Alba , Sun Li , Gilardino Ramiro , Legood Rosa 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesArgentina is a low and middle-income country (LMIC) with a highly fragmented healthcare system that conflicts with access to healthcare stated by the country’s Universal Health Coverage plan. A tele-mammography network could improve access to breast cancer screening decreasing its mortality. This research aims to conduct an economic evaluation of the implementation of a tele-mammography program to improve access to healthcare.MethodsA cost-utility analysis was performed to explore the incremental benefit of annual tele-mammography screening for at-risk Argentinian women over 40 years old. A Markov model was developed to simulate annual mammography or tele-mammography screening in two hypothetical population-based cohorts of asymptomatic women. Parameter uncertainty was evaluated through deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Model structure uncertainty was also explored to test the robustness of the results.ResultsIt was estimated that 31 out of 100 new cases of breast cancer would be detected by mammography and 39/100 by tele-mammography. The model returned an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of £26 051/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) which is lower than the WHO-recommended threshold of £26 288/QALY for Argentina. Deterministic sensitivity analysis showed the ICER is most sensitive to the uptake and sensitivity of the screening tests. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed tele-mammography is cost-effective in 59% of simulations.DiscussionTele-mammography should be considered for adoption as it could improve access to expertise in underserved areas where adherence to screening protocols is poor. Disaggregated data by province is needed for a better- informed policy decision. Telemedicine could also be beneficial in ensuring the continuity of care when health systems are under stress like in the current COVID-19 pandemic.ConclusionThere is a 59% chance that tele-mammography is cost-effective compared to mammography for at-risk Argentinian women over 40- years old, and should be adopted to improve access to healthcare in underserved areas of the country.
Relationship between management and resilience in healthcare: a study protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Petersen Erika E , Lyng Hilda Bø , Ree Eline , Wiig Siri 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionManagement has been identified as a critical component of organisational resilience when responding to adverse events and crises, as managers must ensure an effective operational response and provide direction and guidance to teams. While there are many management approaches, strategies and interventions that have been applied and studied in healthcare, the impact of them in relation to resilience in healthcare has not been explored, particularly at the organisational level. Understanding the impact of management approaches, strategies and interventions on resilience has the potential to inform healthcare organisations on how to better use management to prepare and respond to organisational adverse events. The objective of this mixed-methods systematic review is to understand the relationship between management and organisational resilience in healthcare, including management approaches and strategies that promote resilience in healthcare.Methods and analysisA search through MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed and EMBASE will be conducted between 1 August 2021 and 31 December 21. This review will consider empirical quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods studies published in English from 2010 to the present that meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Selected studies will be assessed in detail and extracted data will be reviewed by two independent reviewers. Results of the search will be reported in full in the final systematic review and presented in a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis flow diagram. This review will follow a convergent integrated approach to data synthesis and integration.Ethics and disseminationThis systematic literature review includes no collection of primary data; hence ethical approval will not be sought. The outcomes from this review will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal, as conference presentation, and as condensed summary for managers in healthcare and policy-makers.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020223362.
Challenges facing essential workers: a cross-sectional survey of the subjective mental health and well-being of New Zealand healthcare and ‘other’ essential workers during the COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Bell Caroline , Williman Jonathan , Beaglehole Ben , Stanley James , Jenkins Matthew , Gendall Philip , Rapsey Charlene , Every-Palmer Susanna 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesTo compare psychological outcomes, experiences and sources of stress over the COVID-19 lockdown in New Zealand in essential workers (healthcare and ‘other’ essential workers) with that of workers in nonessential work roles.DesignOnline cross-sectional survey.SettingConducted in New Zealand over level 4 lockdown in April/May 2020.ParticipantsFindings from employed participants (2495) are included in this report; 381 healthcare workers, 649 ‘other’ essential workers and 1465 nonessential workers.Primary and secondary outcome measuresMeasures included psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10)), anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7)), well-being (WHO-5), alcohol use, subjective experiences and sources of stress. Differences between work categories were quantified as risk ratios or χ2tests.ResultsAfter controlling for confounders that differed between groups of essential and nonessential workers, those in healthcare and those in ‘other’ essential work were at 71% (95% CI 1.29 to 2.27) and 59% (95% CI 1.25 to 2.02) greater risk respectively, of moderate levels of anxiety (GAD-7 ≥10), than those in nonessential work. Those in healthcare were at 19% (95% CI 1.02 to 1.39) greater risk of poor well-being (WHO-5 <13). There was no evidence of differences across work roles in risk for psychological distress (K10 ≥12) or increased alcohol use. Healthcare and ‘other’ essential workers reported increased workload (p<0.001) and less uncertainty about finances and employment than those in nonessential work (p<0.001). Healthcare and nonessential workers reported decreased social contact. No difference by work category in health concerns was reported; 15% had concerns about participants’ own health and 33% about other people’s health.ConclusionsDuring the pandemic lockdown, essential workers (those in healthcare and those providing ‘other’ essential work) were at increased risk of anxiety compared with those in nonessential work, with those in healthcare also being at increased risk of poor well-being. This highlights the need to recognise the challenges this vital workforce face in pandemics.
Thinking green: modelling respirator reuse strategies to reduce cost and waste
Authors: Chu Jacqueline , Ghenand Omkar , Collins Joy , Byrne James , Wentworth Adam , Chai Peter R. , Dadabhoy Farah , Hur Chin , Traverso Giovanni 
Published: July 2021

ObjectivesTo compare the impact of respirator extended use and reuse strategies with regard to cost and sustainability during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignCost analysis.SettingUSA.ParticipantsAll healthcare workers within the USA.InterventionsNot applicable.Main outcome measuresA model was developed to estimate usage, costs and waste incurred by several respirator usage strategies over the first 6 months of the pandemic in the USA. This model assumed universal masking of all healthcare workers. Estimates were taken from the literature, government databases and commercially available data from approved vendors.ResultsA new N95 respirator per patient encounter would require 7.41 billion respirators, cost $6.38 billion and generate 84.0 million kg of waste in the USA over 6 months. One respirator per day per healthcare worker would require 3.29 billion respirators, cost $2.83 billion and generate 37.22 million kg of waste. Decontamination by ultraviolet germicidal irradiation would require 1.64 billion respirators, cost $1.41 billion and accumulate 18.61 million kg of waste. H2O2vapour decontamination would require 1.15 billion respirators, cost $1.65 billion and produce 13.03 million kg of waste. One reusable respirator with daily disposable filters would require 18 million respirators, cost $1.24 billion and generate 15.73 million kg of waste. Pairing a reusable respirator with H2O2vapour-decontaminated filters would reduce cost to $831 million and generate 1.58 million kg of waste. The use of one surgical mask per healthcare worker per day would require 3.29 billion masks, cost $460 million and generate 27.92 million kg of waste.ConclusionsDecontamination and reusable respirator-based strategies decreased the number of respirators used, costs and waste generated compared with single-use or daily extended-use of disposable respirators. Future development of low-cost,simple technologies to enable respirator and/or filter decontamination is needed to further minimise the economic and environmental costs of masks.