bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding Benefits of Curcumin on Cognitive Function from Molecular Aspect: A Review
Authors: Laksmidewi A. A. A. Putri , Suherlim Richard 
Published: July 2021

Cognitive function has a significant impact on individuals’ quality of life. Over time, human cognitive function tends to decline. The importance of cognitive function in everyday life has led many researchers to seek alternative treatments to maintain and improve cognitive function. Some studies show that curcumin can improve cognitive function and prevent cognitive decline in humans. This review focuses on the benefits of curcumin on cognitive function and the mechanism of how it works from molecular aspect. According to some studies, one of the factors leading to cognitive decline is chronic low-grade systemic inflammation. This review will focus on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective effects, and β amyloid aggregation inhibition properties of curcumin that can improve cognitive function or delay cognitive decline. It is important to understand the basic reasons why curcumin can have benefits on cognitive function, this can be seen from the mechanisms that are reflected in the biomolecular aspect.
Impact of Iron and Aluminum on the Aggregate Stability of Some Latosols in Central and Southern Liberia (West Africa)
Authors: Ndzana Georges Martial , Bidjeck Louise Marie Bondje , Tamfuh Primus Azinwi , Kolleh Alex Dortie , Ahanda Damien Henri Odigui , Bekoa Etienne , Kubar Kashif Ali , Koa Thierry Mamert Abodo , Amadou Abdoulaye , Abane Monique Abossolo-Angue , Bitom Lucien Dieudonné 
Published: July 2021

Problem: Latosols of Liberia are marked by intense surface leaching, strong acidity, low soil organic matter (SOM) content, and low nutrients status, caused by low aggregate stability, which are limiting factors to crop production.
Aim: to evaluate the effect of soil organic carbon (SOC) different forms of Fe and Al on the aggregate stability of latosols.
Methodology: Composite surface (0-20 cm depth) samples of four latosols at different localities in Liberia (Lat1, Phebe; Lat2, Felela; Lat3, Salala; Lat4, Todee) were collected and analyzed for aggregate stability parameters and factors by standard laboratory methods.
Results: the studied soils are sandy clayey, very acidic and poor in SOC. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) ranges from 10.28 to 14.80 mmol.kg−1. Dominant forms of Al and Fe are free Fe (Fed) and Al [1], followed by amorphous Fe (Feo) and Al (Alo) and chelated Fe (Fep) and Al (Alp). The highest levels of water dispersible clay (WDC) and clay dispersible index (CDI) in Lat1 and Lat2 implied that these two soils are less stable compared to Lat3 and Lat4. The Fe and Al in all forms seem to contribute to soil aggregate stability. The SOC, although very low, also contributes to soil aggregate stability. SOC correlated positively with WDC, CDI and ASC, indicating the impact of SOC both as an aggregating agent and as a dispersing agent, in contrast to previous studies.
Conclusion: The study reveals that Fe, Al and SOC are cementing materials which impact the aggregate stability in Latosols.
Evaluation of the Sulphur-Supplying Ability of Soils to Support Plant Growth and Assessment of Relative Crop Response to Sulphur Application through Neubauer Technique
Authors: Hembram Sandip , Mukhopadhyay Prabir , Das Ganesh 
Published: July 2021

Sulphur plays a vital role in the nutrition of oilseeds and pulses. Along with nitrogen and phosphorus, it plays an important role in the formation of proteins and is involved in the metabolic and enzymatic processes of all living cells. Several biological techniques have been studied in order to assess sulphur deficiency or sufficiency in different groups of sulphur fertilizer for achieving the optimum yield of crops of which Neubauer technique is generally considered as one such tool that can be used for piloting the sulphur supplying capacity of the soils to supplement its requirement for the establishment of the plant. Surface (0-15 cm) soil samples from typical rice and pulse growing fields spread over the dominant soil groups of West Bengal which belong under 16 identified soil series were collected for this study. In order to assess sulphur availability in soils Neubauer technique was employed. Under sulphur treatment, the lowest dry matter yield and uptake by shoot was recorded in Bankul soil. Among the soils, the lowest root dry matter yield at control treatment was recorded in patapahari soil and the highest was in Hijalgara soil. A similar trend was also observed in case of S uptake by the shoot. While highest dry matter yield and maximum sulphur uptake by shoot was registered in Sukhnibasa and kusmi soil respectively. Likewise for N, P and K elements, the Neubauer technique may be used as one of the biological techniques for evaluating S response to crops as well as S supplying capacity of the soil to support plant growth.
Rehabilitation in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Case Report
Authors: Zade Ruchika , Shende Gunjan , Sahu Priyanka , Fating Tejaswini , Deshpande Shruti , Phansopkar Pratik 
Published: July 2021

Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) seems to be the most common X-linked muscular dystrophy condition in children marked by proximal muscle weakness and calf hypertrophy and affected mostly in boys. In more than 20 muscular dystrophies the most prevalent form is Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Each 1/3500 male births, the presence of DMD worldwide, indicating that in the UK alone there are approximately 2400 people living with DMD. Assessing improvements in severity, range of motion and functional mobility, implementation of therapies and guidance on positioning are important key factors.
Clinical Finding: Mostly in proximal muscles around the hips and shoulders, which are those around the trunk of the body, muscle weakness occurs mainly. In the lower extremities, weakness usually begins proximally, and then passes distally. Symptoms typically begin about the age of 1-3 years. To see the child run and get up off the floor while searching for signs of DMD is necessary.
Diagnosis: A very common physical finding in boys with Duchenne's is Gower's Sign. In order to get up, it requires using their hands to 'climb' their legs. It is because of a weakness in the boy's hip muscles, which was seen in this patient in progressive in nature. The proper examination and evaluation the symptoms the child presented to the physiotherapy clinic played an important in reaching to the diagnosis of the condition.
Conclusion: Prevent the child from developing contracture, correct posture of the child and maintain quality of life these are important criteria in for the child suffered from Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Analysis of Predictors of 30-Day Mortality for Patients Undergoing Surgical Repair of Post-Myocardial Infarction Ventricular Septal Defect
Authors: Lebedieva Yelizaveta , Francisco Chacón-Lozsán , Aliyev Ramil , Grusha Mykhailo 
Published: July 2021

Aims: Despite the existence of numerous studies devoted to predictors of 30-day mortality in patients with post-myocardial infarction (MI) ventricular septum defect (VSD), the choice of surgical treatment tactics for post-MI VSD remains an item of discussion. The purpose of the research was to determine the most significant risk factors of 30-day mortality in patients with post-MI VSD in order to optimize the tactics of such patients’ surgical repair.
Study design: The retrospective analysis of the results of a comprehensive examination and surgical treatment of 88 in-patients with post-MI VSD for the period of 2002-2019 was carried out.
Results: As follows of the research findings, independent predictors of 30-day mortality in patients with post-MI VSD were determined. The predictors identified were combined into a Scoring system to stratify the risk of surgical failure in patients with post-MI VSD. Modelling the surgery outcomes makes it possible to optimize the tactics of surgical treatment of patients with post-MI VSD.
Conclusion: we have identified the most significant predictors of 30-day mortality in patients with post-MI VSD. The Score designed for mortality risk assessment is easy in use compared to other existing tools used in clinical practices when planning the surgical intervention in post-MI VSD patients. This Score may allow the stratification of post-MI VSD patients.
A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Study to Find Out the Knowledge and Awareness of Community Pharmacist and Physician about Drug Information Center (DIC) and Its Services
Authors: Hadia Rajesh , Shah Rushabh , Parikh Jahnvi , Johnson Jisa , Thomas Anchu Marry , Pandit Niraj , Rathod Trupal , Joshi Dhaval , Baile Sunil , Gohel Kushalkumar 
Published: July 2021

Background: Drug information centre (DIC) is a facility specially developed to provide relevant, accurate and unbiased drug information (DI) to consumer and health care professionals regarding the proper use of the drugs, drug safety and all the critical problems regarding the drug information of their usage and side effects.
Objective: The present study was about to access the knowledge of the primary care physicians and community pharmacists about the DIC and its facilities and to spread awareness regarding the same.
Methodology: A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted among the 88 participants of Vadodara city, Halol-Kalol town for 6 months of period. 68 pharmacist and 20 physicians took part in the study from these cities. The data was further Analysed by comparing the available data and resource to find out the awareness regarding the DIC.
Result: During the study duration, a total of 88 participants took part in the study from various out of them 68 (77%) were community Pharmacist, and 20 (23%) were primary care physicians. In the end of the study, 48 (70.2%) pharmacist and 10 (50%) physicians know about the following data of DI, DIC, DIQ (Drug Information Query), resources and the role of pharmacist in DIC and it was clearly evaluated that the knowledge about the DIC, DI, DIQ was not thoroughly available for the pharmacist and physicians.
Conclusion: The present study concludes that the awareness about Drug Information Centre (DIC), Drug Information, and its value and importance is not as much as it should be in Vadodara city, Halol-Kalol. Several awareness programme should be carried to bring the importance and value of DIC in limelight and to make it accessible easily for all to decrease several drug related problems.
Report on Steroid- Responsive Encephalopathy in a Case of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Authors: Dehane Mayuri A. , Shingode Darshana , Patil Manoj 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Thyroiditis caused by Hashimoto's common, Thyroid gland enlargement that is painless and diffuse that affects mostly women in their forties and fifties. While most patients are euthyroid, hypothyroidism may grow. In addition, several patients have thyroid antigen-specific cell-mediated immunity, which can be demonstrated using a variety of strategies. The annual number of cases per 10,000 people prevalence of at least 2% among women. Thyroiditis causes the thyroid gland to become extinct capacity to keep iodine in a safe place, generate together with secrete circulating iodoproteins in the blood, and produce inefficient hormone. As a result, the thyroid gland is overstimulated, and the patient has a high rate of Iodine in the thyroid turnover.
Clinical Finding: enlargement of thyroid gland. Difficulty in swallowingand breathing, unexplained weight gain,constipation, slow heart beat, fatigue, swelling in extremities, dryness.
Medical History: In 2010 she was suffering from same problems. Hashimoto thyroiditis cured for medical intervention in Nagpur medical college, after that treatment of Hashimoto thyroiditis she took the treatment in A.V.B. R. Hospitalfor management of Hashimoto thyroiditis. Now she is admitted in peadiatrics ward for further management of Hashimoto thyroiditis.
The Diagnosis and Therapeutic Intervention: After physical examination and investigation, this case was diagnosed as Hashimoto thyroiditis. Thyroid hormone replacement therapy was used to treat the condition. This normally entails taking levothyroxine.
Leoxyl Check: After six to eight weeks of treatment, the TSH level should be normal with dose 12.5-25 mcg. Absorption of levothyroxin may be affected by some drugs, supplements, and diets taken 4 hours. Triiodothyronine 5 to 10 mcg received in twice in day.
Nursing Perspectives: Assessement of anterior or posterior location of the thyroid IV Fluid was provided. Check blood pressure and vital signs per hourly. Monitor the Pulse oximetry, ABG, and respiratory rate, and pattern are all factors to consider.
Conclusion: Comprehensive systemic review of autoimmune disease, our best estimate of incidence rates for hypothyroidism in female and male treatment and management improves the outcomes of Hashimoto thyroiditis.
Spectrum of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Sturge Weber Syndrome: A Rare Neurocutaneous Syndrome
Authors: Singh Varun , Lakhkar Bhushita , Dhande Rajasbala P. , Tapadia Shreya , Unadkat Bhavik 
Published: July 2021

Sturge Weber syndrome is a type of neurocutaneous disorder also known as meningofacial angiomatosis. It is generally seen in paediatric age group and more commonly effects the males which present with delayed milestones, seizure disorder, loss of vision and other neurological deficits. Clinical suspicion of Sturge weber syndrome should be made on the presence of port wine stain(facial nevus) in a young children. MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) plays a key role in detecting the various spectrum of cortical and vascular defects associated with the syndrome. Clinicians can come to a final diagnosis of Sturge weber syndrome, when the clinical history is supplemented with MRI findings. We in our case report will be discussing the various spectrum of MR findings in this rare neurocutaneous syndrome.
Clinical Study of Scleral Fixated Intraocular Lens Implantation in Blunt Ocular Trauma
Authors: Gadre Girish , Maheshwari Neha , Karambelkar V. H. 
Published: July 2021

Aim: to assess visual outcome and complications associated with SFIOL implantation in traumatic lens subluxation/ dislocation cases.
Methods: This is a retrospective study of 45 patients who were managed for traumatic dislocation/subluxation of clear or cataractous lenses from June 2019 to July 2020 in a Krishna hospital, Karad, Satara. All cases underwent anterior vitrectomy/3 port pars plana vitrectomy + removal of lens and ab externo 2 point scleral fixation with rigid or foldable sfiol. In posteriorly dislocated/subluxated lens, vitrectomy was done and the lens was removed using pick forceps and retrieved by hand shake technique. In anteriorly dislocated cataractous lens, the lens was removed through the tunnel incision.
Results: Majority of the patients were between 55-65 years of age with male pre-ponderance (73.3%).Out of 45 cases, 21 cases (46.6%) were traumatic dislocated lens and 24 cases (53.3%) were traumatic subluxated lens. The mean preoperative BCVA was 0.13 ± 0.24 logMAR, which improved 0.39 ± 0.366 logMAR postoperatively (P <0.0001 ).Preoperatively BCVA in logMAR in 39 cases (86.6%) was 0.3 or better, 6 cases (13.3%) was 0.3 to 1.0 . Postoperatively BCVA in logMAR in 21 cases (46.67%) was 0.3 or better, 24 cases (53.3%) was 0.3 to 1. P-value is 0.00057 which is significant. Early postoperative complications noted were raised intraocular pressure in 12 cases (26.6%), corneal edema in 9 cases (20%), vitreous hemorrhage in 8 cases (17.7%) and hypotony in 3 cases (6.67%).Late postoperative complications were persistent elevation of intraocular pressure in 10 cases (22.2%), cystoid macular edema in 3 cases (6.67%), epiretinal membrane in 3 cases (6.67%).
Conclusion: In every horrendous case, long haul follow-up is needed to distinguish confusions and start treatment at the most punctual.
Decoupling the Impacts of Engineering Defects and Band Gap Alignment Mechanism on the Catalytic Performance of Holey 2D CeO2−x‐Based Heterojunctions
Authors: Zheng Xiaoran , Mofarah Sajjad S. , Cazorla Claudio , Daiyan Rahman , Esmailpour Ali Asghar , Scott Jason , Yao Yin , Lim Sean , Wong Vienna , Chen Ewing Y. , Arandiyan Hamidreza , Koshy Pramod , Sorrell Charles C. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCritical catalysis studies often lack elucidation of the mechanistic role of defect equilibria in solid solubility and charge compensation. This approach is applied to interpret the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance of a free‐standing 2D–3D CeO2−x scaffold, which is comprised of holey 2D nanosheets, and its heterojunctions with MoO3−x and RuO2. The band gap alignment and structural defects are engineered using density functional theory (DFT) simulations and atomic characterization. Further, the heterojunctions are used in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and catalytic ozonation applications, and the impacts of the metal oxide heteroatoms are analyzed. A key outcome is that the principal regulator of the ozonation performance is not oxygen vacancies but the concentration of Ce3+ and Ce vacancies. Cation vacancy defects are measured to be as high as 8.1 at% for Ru‐CeO2−x. The homogeneous distribution of chemisorbed, Mo‐oxide, heterojunction nanoparticles on the CeO2−x holey nanosheets facilitates intervalence charge transfer, resulting in the dominant effect and resultant ≈50% decrease in overpotential for HER. The heterojunctions are tested for aqueous‐catalytic ozonation of salicylic acid, revealing excellent catalytic performance from Mo doping despite the adverse impact of Ce vacancies. The present study highlights the use of defect engineering to leverage experimental and DFT results for band alignment.
Novel Christmas Branched Like NiO/NiWO4/WO3 (p–p–n) Nanowire Heterostructures for Chemical Sensing
Authors: Kaur Navpreet , Zappa Dario , Maraloiu Valentin‐Adrian , Comini Elisabetta 
Published: July 2021

AbstractEstablishing a platform comprising different nanostructured oxides is an emerging idea to develop highly sensitive and selective sensing devices. Herein, novel 3D‐heterostructures (p–p–n) consisting of 1D nanowires of NiO and WO3 along with their intermediate reactive product, i.e., NiWO4 seed, are produced by a two‐steps vapor phase growth method. In‐depth morphological and structural investigations describing the growth mechanism of these heterostructures are presented. Finally, the p–p–n heterostructures are integrated into conductometric sensing devices and their performances are investigated toward different gases. It is observed that by modulating the charge‐carrier transport with temperature, the heterostructure sensors exhibit selective behavior toward different gas analytes. Indeed, at 300 °C, the heterostructure sensors show relatively selective behavior toward NO2, while at 400 °C, high selectivity toward VOCs is observed. The improvement in sensing performances is mainly based on charge carrier transport through the two interfaces (one at WO3/NiWO4 (n–p) and the other at NiWO4/NiO (p–p)) and the modulation of charge carriers in the electron depletion layer of WO3 and hole accumulation layer of NiO and NiWO4. The remarkable performance of these complex heterostructures with low ppb‐level detection limits makes them excellent candidates for chemical/ gas sensing applications in e‐noses.
Biomimetic Glucose Trigger‐Insulin Release System Based on Hydrogel Loading Bidentate β‐Cyclodextrin
Authors: Wang Renqi , Tian Yuhui , Wang Jiankang , Song Wenxuan , Cong Yong , Wei Xuebing , Mei Yingwu , Miyatake Hideyuki , Ito Yoshihiro , Chen Yong Mei 
Published: July 2021

AbstractInitiated by the specific binding between D‐glucose and biological receptors, the human body has a delicate metabolic system to regulate blood D‐glucose levels, but failing to release insulin would induce hyperglycemia or type I diabetes. While insulin delivery is an effective form of hyperglycemia therapy, the self‐regulated triggering of insulin release for on‐demand supplementation remains inadequate. Here, a biomimetic glucose trigger‐insulin release system, that is, a bidentate β‐cyclodextrin‐based hydrogel with preloaded insulin is presented; the dual self‐regulated system shows a specific D‐glucose response to realize accurate monitoring and simultaneous on‐demand trigger insulin release. The specific binding between D‐glucose and the bidentate β‐cyclodextrin induces the release of protons, causing macroscopic swelling of the hydrogel, subsequently triggering the on‐demand and long‐term supplementation of insulin. On the contrary, isomers of D‐glucose, such as D‐fructose and D‐galactose, cause shrinking of the hydrogel, and retard insulin release. In‐vivo studies in type I diabetic mice model ascertain that although the bidentate β‐CD hydrogel is preloaded with short‐activity insulin, it exerts long‐activity control of blood glucose level over 12 h.
Aggregation‐Induced Emission‐Active Gels: Fabrications, Functions, and Applications
Authors: Li Zhao , Ji Xiaofan , Xie Huilin , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractChromophores that exhibit aggregation‐induced emission (i.e., aggregation‐induced emission luminogens [AIEgens]) emit intense fluorescence in their aggregated states, but show negligible emission as discrete molecular species in solution due to the changes in restriction and freedom of intramolecular motions. As solvent‐swollen quasi‐solids with both a compact phase and a free space, gels enable manipulation of intramolecular motions. Thus, AIE‐active gels have attracted significant interest owing to their various distinctive properties and promising application potential. Herein, a comprehensive overview of AIE‐active gels is provided. The fabrication strategies employed are detailed, and the applications of AIEgens are summarized. In addition, the gel functions arising from the AIE moieties are revealed, along with their structure–property relationships. Furthermore, the applications of AIE‐active gels in diverse areas are illustrated. Finally, ongoing challenges and potential means to address them are discussed, along with future perspectives on AIE‐active gels, with the overall aim of inspiring research on novel materials and ideas.
Strong Metal–Support Interaction for 2D Materials: Application in Noble Metal/TiB2 Heterointerfaces and their Enhanced Catalytic Performance for Formic Acid Dehydrogenation
Authors: Li Renhong , Liu Zhiqi , Trinh Quang Thang , Miao Ziqiang , Chen Shuang , Qian Kaicheng , Wong Roong Jien , Xi Shibo , Yan Yong , Borgna Armando , Liang Shipan , Wei Tong , Dai Yihu , Wang Peng , Tang Yu , Yan Xiaoqing , Choksi Tej S. , Liu Wen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractStrong metal–support interaction (SMSI) is a phenomenon commonly observed on heterogeneous catalysts. Here, direct evidence of SMSI between noble metal and 2D TiB2 supports is reported. The temperature‐induced TiB2 overlayers encapsulate the metal nanoparticles, resulting in core–shell nanostructures that are sintering‐resistant with metal loadings as high as 12.0 wt%. The TiOx‐terminated TiB2 surfaces are the active sites catalyzing the dehydrogenation of formic acid at room temperature. In contrast to the trade‐off between stability and activity in conventional SMSI, TiB2‐based SMSI promotes catalytic activity and stability simultaneously. By optimizing the thickness and coverage of the overlayer, the Pt/TiB2 catalyst displays an outstanding hydrogen productivity of 13.8 mmol g−1cat h−1 in 10.0 m aqueous solution without any additive or pH adjustment, with >99.9% selectivity toward CO2 and H2. Theoretical studies suggest that the TiB2 overlayers are stabilized on different transition metals through an interplay between covalent and electrostatic interactions. Furthermore, the computationally determined trends in metal–TiB2 interactions are fully consistent with the experimental observations regarding the extent of SMSI on different transition metals. The present research introduces a new means to create thermally stable and catalytically active metal/support interfaces for scalable chemical and energy applications.