bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microscopic, histochemical and preliminary phytochemical characterization of leaves of Trema micrantha (L.) Blume
Authors: dos Santos Magalhães Cledson , Damasceno Sá Rafaela , Souto Maior de Araújo Baltar Solma Lúcia , Perrelli Randau Karina 
Published: June 2021

Para enriquecer el enriquecer el conocimiento sobre Trema micrantha (L.) Blume, esta investigación tuvo como objetivo realizar la caracterización anatómica, histoquímica y fitoquímica de las hojas de la especie. Se realizaron cortes transversales del pecíolo y limbo, así como cortes paradérmicos del limbo, analizados en microscopía óptica y polarizada. Se utilizaron diferentes reactivos para el análisis histoquímico. Se han descrito estructuras anatómicas que proporcionan un diagnóstico detallado de las especies estudiadas. La histoquímica mostró la presencia de metabolitos esenciales (flavonoides, taninos, entre otros) para la especie y mediante análisis SEM-EDS se confirmó que los cristales están compuestos por oxalato de calcio. El análisis fitoquímico permitió la identificación de mono y sesquiterpenos, triterpenos y esteroides, entre otros. El estudio proporcionó datos sin precedentes sobre la especie, ampliando la información científica de T. micrantha.
In order to enrich the knowledge about Trema micrantha (L.) Blume, this research aims to perform the anatomical, histochemical and phytochemical characterization of the leaves of this species. Cross sections of the petiole and limbus were made, as well as paradermic sections of the limbus, analyzed in optical and polarized microscopy. Different reagents were used for histochemical analysis. Anatomical structures have been described and provide a detailed diagnosis of the species studied. Histochemistry showed the presence of essential metabolites (flavonoids, tannins, among others) for the species and through SEM-EDS analysis it was confirmed that the crystals are composed of calcium oxalate. Phytochemical analysis allowed the identification of mono and sesquiterpenes, triterpenes and steroids, among others. The study provided unprecedented data on the species, expanding the scientific information of T. micrantha.
Distributed ledger technology based robust access control and real-time synchronization for consumer electronics
Authors: Akhtar Mohd Majid , Khan Mohammad Zubair , Ahad Mohd Abdul , Noorwali Abdulfattah , Rizvi Danish Raza , Chakraborty Chinmay 
Published: June 2021

Background
Consumer electronics or daily use home appliances are the basic necessity of every household. With the adoption of IoT in consumer electronics, this industry is set to rise exponentially. In recent times, the demand for consumer electronics rises amidst the pandemic due to a paradigm shift from in-office culture to work from home. Despite intelligent IoT devices, smart home configuration, and appliances at our disposal, the rudimentary client-server architecture fails to provide facilities like full access control of data and devices, transparency, secured communication, and synchronization between multiple devices, etc. to the users.

Methods
To overcome these limitations, Blockchain technology has been adopted in recent years, however, it has its own set of limitations in its widespread implementation. Hence, we propose a methodology using the IOTA platform, a distributed ledger technology (DLT) for secured communication between consumer electronics devices and appliances.

Results
The implementation provides access control, interoperability, data storage, and management with an exploratory insight towards a decentralized micro-payment use-case between Electric cars and charging stations.
Vibrio alginolyticus influences quorum sensing-controlled phenotypes of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Authors: Paopradit Panida , Tansila Natta , Surachat Komwit , Mittraparp-arthorn Pimonsri 
Published: June 2021

Background
Acute hepatopancreatic necrosis syndrome (AHPND) caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain (VPAHPND) impacts the shrimp industry worldwide. With the increasing problem of antibiotic abuse, studies on quorum sensing (QS) system and anti-QS compounds bring potential breakthroughs for disease prevention and treatment.

Methods
In this study, the cell-free culture supernatant (CFCS) and its extract of V. alginolyticus BC25 were investigated for anti-QS activity against a reporter bacteria, Chromobacterium violaceum DMST46846. The effects of CFCS and/ or extract on motility, biofilm formation and extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) of VPAHPND PSU5591 were evaluated. Moreover, the effects of V. alginolyticus BC25 on virulence of VPAHPND PSU5591 were investigated by shrimp challenge test. The potentially active anti-QS compounds presented in the extract and effect on gene expression of VPAHPND PSU5591 were identified.

Results
The CFCS of V. alginolyticus BC25 and its extract showed a significant anti-QS activity against the reporter bacteria as well as swimming and swarming motilities, biofilms, and EPSs production by VPAHPND PSU5591. Transcriptome analysis revealed that V. alginolyticus BC25 extract significantly reduced the flagella genes involved in biofilm formation and iron-controlled virulence regulatory gene of VPAHPND PSU5591. Whereas, the LuxR family transcriptional regulator gene, c-factor, a cell-cell signaling gene, and capsular polysaccharide were up-regulated. The potentially active anti-QS compounds identified in extract were Cyclo-(L-Leu-L-Pro), and Cyclo-(L-Phe-L-Pro). Furthermore, V. alginolyticus BC25 enhanced disease resistance against VPAHPND PSU5591 in tested shrimp larvae.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that V. alginolyticus BC25 could provide natural anti-QS and anti-biofilms compounds and has great ability to be used as biocontrol agent against VPAHPND infection in shrimp aquaculture.
Ichthyofauna of Endemic Fish in Towuti Lake, Luwu Timur Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Jayadi . , Nessa Muhammad Natsir , Tamsil Andi , Harlina . , Ernaningsih . , Nursyahran . , Muqtadir Abdul 
Published: June 2021

Aims: The aims of this study to determine the biodiversity of endemic fish in Lake Towuti, Luwu Timur Regency South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Study Design: The research was conducted by survey
Place and Duration of Study: The research was carried out in February until March 2021 in Tanjung Timbala; Tanjung Lengkobutanga; Tanjung Bakara; Tanjung Saone and. Tanjung Tominanga at Lake Towuti, Luwu Timur Regency South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Methodology: Fish samples were carried out every week using a trap net for 8 weeks. Fish samples obtained from each station were separated according to species. Fish samples were preserved with 4% formalin and then immersed in 70% alcohol before species identification was conducted. Data analysis in this research used descriptive statistics.
Results: The endemic fish species was found is telamtherina bonti Telmatherina bonti, Telmatherina celebensis, Paratherina striata, Tominanga sanguicauda, Tominanga aurea Oryzias profundicola, Oryzias matanensis, Oryzias marmoratus, Mugilogobius hitam, Glossogobius flavipinnis, Glossogobius matanensis and Dermogenys megarhamphus. The percentage of endemic fish caught at each station on Lake Towuti was different. The water quality parameters obtained are as follows Temperature: 26.40⁰C-30.30⁰C, pH: 6.35-9.03, dissolved oxygen (DO):6.25-8.95 mg/L and NO3-N: 0.023-0.066 mg/L.This water quality were suitable for the survival and growth of endemic fish.
Conclusion: Endemic fish families were obtained such as Telmatheridae, Adrianichthyidae, Gobiidae and Hemiramphidae and a total of twelve endemic fish species were found in this study. The number of endemic fish was found to be different at the station. Water quality parameters play an important role in the distribution and existence of endemic fish in Lake Towuti.
Adaptive fuzzy dual‐performance fault‐tolerant control for interconnected nonlinear systems
Authors: Hao Siwen , Xue Hong , Pan Yingnan 
Published: May 2021

SummaryThis article focuses on the decentralized adaptive fuzzy fixed‐time fault‐tolerant control issue for the error‐constrained interconnected nonlinear systems with unknown actuator faults possessing dead zone. The unknown nonlinear functions can be modeled via fuzzy logic systems. By utilizing the parameter estimation method, the effect of unknown actuator faults possessing dead zone can be compensated. To guarantee the predefined dynamic performance of state tracking errors, the barrier Lyapunov functions and prescribed performance functions are introduced. Then, a dual‐performance fault‐tolerant control method that can guarantee fast transient performance and predefined performance of state tracking errors is proposed via using the decentralized backstepping technique. In addition, on the basis of the Lyapunov stability theory and the fixed‐time criterion, it is proved that the predefined performance of full‐state errors and the stability of closed‐loop systems can be guaranteed. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Transparent and Flexible Mn1−x−y(CexLay)O2−δ Ultrathin‐Film Device for Highly‐Stable Pseudocapacitance Application
Authors: Maroufi Samane , Khayyam Nekouei Rasoul , S. Mofarah Sajjad , O'Mullane Anthony P. , Yao Yin , Lim Sean , Cazorla Claudio , Sahajwalla Veena 
Published: May 2021

AbstractControl over the fabrication of state‐of‐the‐art portable pseudocapacitors with the desired transparency, mechanical flexibility, capacitance, and durability is challenging, but if resolved will have fundamental implications. Here, defect‐rich Mn1−x−y(CexLay)O2−δ ultrathin films with controllable thicknesses (5–627 nm) and transmittance (≈29–100%) are fabricated via an electrochemical chronoamperometric deposition using a aqueous precursor derived from end‐of‐life nickel‐metal hydride batteries. Due to percolation impacts on the optoelectronic properties of ultrathin films, a representative Mn1−x−y(CexLay)O2−δ film with 86% transmittance exhibits an outstanding areal capacitance of 3.4 mF cm−2, mainly attributed to the intercalation/de‐intercalation of anionic O2− through the atomic tunnels of the stratified Mn1−x−y(CexLay)O2−δ crystallites. Furthermore, the Mn1−x−y(CexLay)O2−δ thin‐film device exhibits excellent capacitance retention of ≈90% after 16 000 cycles. Such stability is associated with intervalence charge transfer occurring among interstitial Ce/La cations and Mn oxidation states within the Mn1−x−y(CexLay)O2−δ structure. The energy and power densities of the transparent flexible Mn1−x−y(CexLay)O2−δ full‐cell pseudocapacitor device, is measured to be 0.088 μWh cm−2 and 843 µW cm−2, respectively. These values show insignificant changes under vigorous twisting and bending to 45–180° confirming these value‐added materials are intriguing alternatives for size‐sensitive energy storage devices.
Origin of High Ionic Conductivity of Sc‐Doped Sodium‐Rich NASICON Solid‐State Electrolytes
Authors: Sun Fei , Xiang Yuxuan , Sun Qian , Zhong Guiming , Banis Mohammad Norouzi , Liu Yulong , Li Ruying , Fu Riqiang , Zheng Matthew , Sham Tsun‐Kong , Yang Yong , Sun Xuhui , Sun Xueliang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractSubstitution of liquid electrolyte with solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) has emerged as a very urgent and challenging research area of rechargeable batteries. NASICON (Na3Zr2Si2PO12) is one of the most potential SSEs for Na‐ion batteries due to its high ionic conductivity and low thermal expansion. It is proven that the ionic conductivity of NASICON can be improved to 10−3 S cm−1 by Sc‐doping, of which the mechanism, however, has not been fully understood. Herein, a series of Na3+xScxZr2−xSi2PO12 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5) SSEs are prepared. To gain a deep insight into the ion transportation mechanism, synchrotron‐based X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is employed to characterize the electronic structure, and solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (SS‐NMR) is used to analyze the dynamics. In this study, Sc is successfully doped into Na3Zr2Si2PO12 to substitute Zr atoms. The redistribution of sodium ions at certain specific sites is proven to be critical for sodium ion movement. For x ≤ 0.3, the promotion of sodium ion movement is attributed to sodium ion concentration increase at the Na2 sites and decrease at the Na1 and Na3 sites. For x > 0.3, the inhibition of sodium ion movement is due to the phase change from monoclinic to rhombohedral and an increasing impurity content.
Intravenous Delivery of Lung‐Targeted Nanofibers for Pulmonary Hypertension in Mice
Authors: Marulanda Kathleen , Mercel Alexandra , Gillis David C. , Sun Kui , Gambarian Maria , Roark Joshua , Weiss Jenna , Tsihlis Nick D. , Karver Mark R. , Centeno S. Ruben , Peters Erica B. , Clemons Tristan D. , Stupp Samuel I. , McLean Sean E. , Kibbe Melina R. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPulmonary hypertension is a highly morbid disease with no cure. Available treatments are limited by systemic adverse effects due to non‐specific biodistribution. Self‐assembled peptide amphiphile (PA) nanofibers are biocompatible nanomaterials that can be modified to recognize specific biological markers to provide targeted drug delivery and reduce off‐target toxicity. Here, PA nanofibers that target the angiotensin I‐converting enzyme and the receptor for advanced glycation end‐products (RAGE) are developed, as both proteins are overexpressed in the lung with pulmonary hypertension. It is demonstrated that intravenous delivery of RAGE‐targeted nanofibers containing the targeting epitope LVFFAED (LVFF) significantly accumulated within the lung in a chronic hypoxia‐induced pulmonary hypertension mouse model. Using 3D light sheet fluorescence microscopy, it is shown that LVFF nanofiber localization is specific to the diseased pulmonary tissue with immunofluorescence analysis demonstrating colocalization of the targeted nanofiber to RAGE in the hypoxic lung. Furthermore, biodistribution studies show that significantly more LVFF nanofibers localized to the lung compared to major off‐target organs. Targeted nanofibers are retained within the pulmonary tissue for 24 h after injection. Collectively, these data demonstrate the potential of a RAGE‐targeted nanomaterial as a drug delivery platform to treat pulmonary hypertension.
Chemical Synthesis and Integration of Highly Conductive PdTe2 with Low‐Dimensional Semiconductors for p‐Type Transistors with Low Contact Barriers
Authors: Zheng Jingying , Miao Tingting , Xu Rui , Ping Xiaofan , Wu Yueyang , Lu Zhixing , Zhang Ziming , Hu Dake , Liu Lina , Zhang Qi , Li Dawei , Cheng Zhihai , Ma Weigang , Xie Liming , Jiao Liying 
Published: May 2021

AbstractLow‐dimensional semiconductors provide promising ultrathin channels for constructing more‐than‐Moore devices. However, the prominent contact barriers at the semiconductor–metal electrodes interfaces greatly limit the performance of the obtained devices. Here, a chemical approach is developed for the construction of p‐type field‐effect transistors (FETs) with low contact barriers by achieving the simultaneous synthesis and integration of 2D PdTe2 with various low‐dimensional semiconductors. The 2D PdTe2 synthesized through a quasi‐liquid process exhibits high electrical conductivity (≈4.3 × 106 S m−1) and thermal conductivity (≈130 W m−1 K−1), superior to other transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and even higher than some metals. In addition, PdTe2 electrodes with desired geometry can be synthesized directly on 2D MoTe2 and other semiconductors to form high‐performance p‐type FETs without any further treatment. The chemically derived atomically ordered PdTe2–MoTe2 interface results in significantly reduced contact barrier (65 vs 240 meV) and thus increases the performance of the obtained devices. This work demonstrates the great potential of 2D PdTe2 as contact materials and also opens up a new avenue for the future device fabrication through the chemical construction and integration of 2D components.
Co3Se4 Quantum Dots as an Ultrastable Host Material for Potassium‐Ion Intercalation
Authors: Hussain Nadeem , Li Maoxin , Tian Bingbing , Wang Haihui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPotassium‐ion batteries (KIBs) are receiving increased attention due to their cost‐effective and similar energy‐storage mechanism to lithium‐ion batteries. However, the lack of appropriate electrode materials is still hampered for their development, which is mainly caused by the large size of the potassium ions (1.38 Å) including low structural stability and poor electrochemical redox reaction kinetics. Herein, Co3Se4 quantum dots (QD) encapsulated by N‐doped carbon (CSC) are reported as an anode material for KIBs, in which a morphology change process occurs. Benefiting from the unique uniform nanostructure reducing the ion‐diffusion length, the improved electronic conductivity, and the enhanced protective effect of N‐doped carbon (NC) alleviating volume fluctuation, the CSC demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance. The core–shell‐like CSC composite demonstrates remarkable discharge capacity (410 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 after 550 cycles, 360 mA h g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 after 3200 cycles) and excellent cyclic performance over 10 000 cycles at 1 A g−1. Density functional theory calculations show a larger reaction energy of Co3Se4 QD than bulk Co3Se4, a lower barrier of K atom migration in Co3Se4 QD than bulk Co3Se4, and also favor the intercalation reaction rather than replacement reaction. In situ X‐ray diffraction and ex situ transmission electron microscopy are further used to evaluate potassiation/depotassiation phenomena.
Broadband, High‐Sensitivity Graphene Photodetector Based on Ferroelectric Polarization of Lithium Niobate
Authors: Guan Heyuan , Hong Jiyu , Wang Xiaoli , Ming Jingyuan , Zhang Zilong , Liang Aijie , Han Xinyang , Dong Jiangli , Qiu Wentao , Chen Zhe , Lu Huihui , Zhang Han 
Published: June 2021

Abstract2D graphene has attracted extensive attention as a promising candidate for high‐performance photodetectors because of its superior optoelectronic properties. However, the realization of high‐sensitivity broadband graphene photodetectors remains a challenge. Lithium niobate (LiNbO3) has the advantages of spontaneous polarization, high dielectric constant, and high voltage electric coefficient, and it can improve the photoelectric detection characteristics of graphene by polarized doping. In this work, n‐ and p‐doping of graphene is demonstrated at the same time with the help of local ferroelectric polarization of x‐cut LiNbO3. This high‐sensitivity and broadband p–n junction photodetector shows a wide detection range of 405 to 2000 nm, a responsivity of ≈2.92 × 106 A W−1 at an incident power of 24 pW (λ = 1064 nm), and a high detectivity of ≈8.65 × 1014 Jones. In particular, a fast rise/decay time of ≈23 ms/≈23 ms is achieved. The graphene‐based LiNbO3 (bulk) photodetector shows higher responsivity​, and the graphene‐based LiNbO3 (film) photodetector a faster response time. This work not only deepens and expands the basic research on 2D materials and ferroelectric materials, but also demonstrates the great potential of doped graphene materials for high‐performance photodetection.
Time‐Resolved Bright Red to Cyan Color Tunable Mechanoluminescence from CaZnOS: Bi3+, Mn2+ for Anti‐Counterfeiting Device and Stress Sensor
Authors: Yang Yun‐Ling , Yang Xue‐Chun , Yuan Jia‐Yong , Li Ting , Fan Yu‐Ting , Wang Lin , Deng Zheng , Li Qian‐Li , Wan Dong‐Yun , Zhao Jing‐Tai , Zhang Zhi‐Jun 
Published: May 2021

AbstractMechanoluminescence (ML) is a classical optical phenomenon that is induced by mechanical stimulus, and it can be applied to stress sensors, imaging, self‐powered display/lighting and anti‐counterfeiting. However, the realization of determining the magnitude of stress in real time by the changes of colors for stress‐induced display/lighting has been fundamentally challenging. Herein, the superior manipulation of colors from blue to red continuously by pressure or concentration is achieved in Bi,Mn co‐activated CaZnOS for the first time. CaZnOS:Bi3+,0.1% Mn2+ exhibits the ML color from red, orange, white, and cyan with the pressure from 0 to 5000 N. Moreover, ML color manipulation from cyan to red light is also achieved with difference in Mn2+ concentration. It is of note that there is a reversible phase transition of CaZnOS according to in situ X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectra at high pressure. Moreover, the correlation between crystal structure and ML properties, as well as the ML mechanism are established and discussed in detail. In conclusion, the present results demonstrate the Bi,Mn co‐activated CaZnOS as a novel ML material achieving multi‐color manipulation with great potential applications in the fields of novel mechanically stress‐induced display, ultrasound monitoring, and particularly advanced anti‐counterfeiting technology.
Physiological and transcriptomic response of soybean seedling roots to variable nitrate levels
Authors: Dai Yi , Tabassum Muhammad Adnan , Chen Lin , Pan Zhenzhi , Song Li 
Published: June 2021

AbstractNitrate is the main nitrogen source for plant growth and development. Increasing evidence indicates that nitrate plays an important role in root growth and development. However, the effects of different concentrations of nitrate on the physiological and transcriptional response of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] root development at the seedling stage are not well understood. In this study, we found that both high and low concentrations of nitrate inhibited the growth and development of the soybean root system compared with optimal nitrate supply at the seedling stage. Using transcriptome sequencing technology, we identified 1,654, 1,283, and 2,083 significantly differentially expressed genes in soybean root grown under the low nitrate concentration, optimal nitrate concentration, and high nitrate concentration conditions, respectively. These genes were enriched in the Gene Ontology terms of metabolic process, catalytic activity, and membrane. The genes enriched in the pentose and glucuronate interconversions and glutathione metabolism pathways may play important roles during soybean root response to different concentrations of nitrate. In addition, the expression of 18 nitrate transporter genes changed significantly under different nitrate concentrations. Among them, the expression of two GmNPF6.3 genes was upregulated under the NL condition but downregulated under the NH condition, whereas six GmNPF7.3 genes exhibited opposite expression patterns. Taken together, our physiological data can enable a better understanding of the soybean root response under different nitrate concentrations, and the transcriptome data provide a list of candidate genes for further investigation of the mechanisms of root response under different nitrate concentrations.
Simple model reduction technique for transfer function models
Authors: Ediga Chandramohan Goud , Ambati Seshagiri Rao , Manickam Chidambaram 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this work, a novel model reduction method is proposed for transfer function models. The method is based on equating the ratio of the coefficients of the ‘s’, powers of ‘s’ in the numerator to the corresponding coefficients of the s, powers of ‘s’ in the denominator of the closed‐loop transfer function of the higher order process to the closed‐loop transfer function of the reduced order model with PI controlling settings. Using this method, a stable higher order process is reduced to a first‐order plus time delay (FOPTD) model. The step response of the closed loop of the reduced order model is compared with the corresponding higher order process. The efficiency of the proposed method is shown for several examples and for the experimental temperature control process. By the proposed reduction method for higher order processes without zero, the reduced model time constant is simply written with the addition of the all time constants of the higher order process.