bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomics reveals a correlation between hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids and allergic asthma: Evidence from three years' immunotherapy
Authors: Zheng Peiyan , Bian Xiqing , Zhai Yingying , Li Cheng , Li Na , Hao Chuangli , Huang Huimin , Luo Wenting , Huang Zhifeng , Liao Chenxi , Xue Mingshan , Guo Ming‐Quan , Sun Baoqing , Wu Jian‐Lin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundSubcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is an effective, safe, preventative treatment for allergic asthma; however, potential biomarkers for monitoring SCIT have rarely been reported.ObjectiveMetabolomics was utilized for the discovery of new biomarkers and analyzing disease pathophysiology of allergic asthma, and it was also applied to determine the metabolomic profiles of serum samples from children with asthma undergoing SCIT and identify potential biomarkers for allergic asthma and its therapeutic monitoring.MethodsUntargeted metabolomics using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry was performed on 15 asthmatic and 15 healthy pediatric sera to profile carboxylic acids. Statistical analysis combined with pathway enrichment analysis was applied to identify potential biomarkers. Then, targeted metabolomics was performed to study longitudinal changes of eicosanoid profiles on sera from 20 participants with asthma who received SCIT at baseline, 6 months, one, two, and three years (ChiCTR‐DDT‐13003728).ResultsMetabolomic analysis revealed that levels of eicosanoids, particularly 12(S)‐hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE; AUC = 0.94, p < .0001) and 15(S)‐HETE (AUC = 0.89, p = .0028), metabolized from arachidonic acid by lipoxygenase and glutathione peroxidase enzymes, were significantly higher in asthma group than in healthy individuals. Furthermore, levels of these important metabolites increased in the first year of SCIT treatment and then decreased from years one to three, being significantly lower after three years of treatment than baseline levels.Conclusion12(S)‐ and 15(S)‐HETEs are potential biomarkers to participate in the pathogenesis and treatment of allergic asthma. Moreover, these metabolites may be a new target for biological indicators to monitor the therapeutic effect of SCIT, particularly in the setting of allergic asthma.
An assessment of opioids on respiratory depression in children with and without obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Adler Adam C. , Chandrakantan Arvind , Nathanson Brian H. , von Ungern‐Sternberg Britta S. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundObstructive sleep apnea is a risk factor for respiratory depression following opioid administration as well as opioid‐induced hyperalgesia. Little is known on how obstructive sleep apnea status is associated with central ventilatory depression in pediatric surgical patients given a single dose of fentanyl.MethodsThis was a single‐center, prospective trial in children undergoing surgery requiring intubation and opioid administration. Sixty patients between the ages of 2–8 years presenting for surgery at Texas Children's Hospital were recruited. Twenty non‐obstructive sleep apnea controls and 30 patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea met inclusion criteria. Following induction of general anesthesia and establishment of steady‐state ventilation, participants received 1 mcg/kg intravenous fentanyl. Ventilatory variables (tidal volume, respiratory rate, end‐tidal CO2, and minute ventilation) were assessed each minute for 10 min. The primary outcome was the extent of opioid‐induced central ventilatory depression over time by obstructive sleep apnea status when compared with baseline values. Secondary aims assessed the impact of demographics and SpO2 nadir on ventilatory depression.ResultsWe found no significant difference in percent decrease in respiratory rate (38.1% and 37.1%; p = .950), tidal volume (6.4% and 5.4%; p = .992), and minute ventilation (35.0 L/min and 35.0 L/min; p = .890) in control and obstructive sleep apnea patients, respectively. Both groups experienced similar percent increases in end‐tidal CO2 (4.0% vs. 2.2%; p = .512) in control and obstructive sleep apnea patients, respectively.ConclusionsIn pediatric surgical patients, obstructive sleep apnea status was not associated with significant differences in central respiratory depression following a single dose of fentanyl (1 mcg/kg). These findings can help determine safe opioid doses in future pediatric obstructive sleep apneapatients.
Long juvenility trait: A vehicle for commercial utilization of soybean (Glycine max) in lower latitudes
Authors: Gupta Sanjay , Agrawal Nisha , Tripathi Rachana , Kumawat Giriraj , Nataraj Vennampally , Maranna Shivakumar , Satpute Gyanesh K. , Ratnaparkhe Milind B. , Rajesh Vangala , Chandra Subhash , Jain Meeta 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSoybean, a short‐day plant, has its origin in higher latitudes of China, and its commercial cultivation remained confined to areas >22°N till 1970s due to precocious flowering accompanied with reduced biomass in lower latitudes. This review summarizes the effect of short days on soybean phenology, discovery of a novel long juvenile (LJ) trait, its role in breaking the latitudinal boundary for soybean production, identification of genes and impact of LJ trait on world soybean production. E6, J and E9 major genes governing the trait have been characterized and cloned. LJ varieties are late in flowering and maturity and successful in long rainfall regime of Brazil. Availability of vast vacant fallows of Cerrado has been another factor for utilization of this trait in Brazil. Recent advances for developing short‐duration LJ varieties, for limited rainfall areas and its suitability to existing cropping systems by combining it with photoinsensitivity, have been reviewed. Based on the available data from lower latitudes of Brazil, the contribution of the LJ trait is estimated to 23.7% of the total world production.
Identification of a novel mutant allele, fzp‐15, involved in panicle branch pattern of rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: Chen Haiyuan , Cai Yue , Zhang Suobing , Tang Weijie , Fang Xianwen , Zhang Yunhui 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFRIZZY PANICLE (FZP) is involved in the development of panicle branching in rice. Herein, a novel mutant fzp‐15, demonstrating the sequential rounds of branching and severe defects in SM (spikelet meristem) formation, was identified. Map‐based cloning revealed that the abnormal panicle architecture of fzp‐15 resulted from an amino acid substitution (Glu (E) to Ala (A)) in the N‐terminal ERF domain of rice FZP protein. To generate new advantageous FZP alleles increasing grain numbers, CRISPR/Cas9 multiplex editing system was used to target the 5’ untranslation region (UTR) of FZP in 'Nipponbare' (NIP). The 85‐bp (−156 to ‐72 bp) or 149‐bp (−157 to ‐9 bp) deletion in the upstream region of FZP can significantly increase grain numbers without a decrease in grain size, while the 38‐bp deletion (−44 to −7 bp) in the upstream region of FZP has little effect in changing grain numbers. These results indicated that the 113‐bp fragment (−157 to −45 bp) upstream of FZP is important to its function and deletion of this region can be used to increase grain numbers in rice.
Guns in the North: Assessing the Impact of Social Identity on Firearms Advocacy in Canada
Authors: Schwartz Noah S. 
Published: June 2021

Identity is an important aspect of group politics in Canada. This article examines the impact of gun owner’s social identity on the political participation of gun owners and, thus, the success of the Canadian gun rights movement. It investigates whether Canadian gun owners are politically active, and if so, why? The article is based on an online survey of 16,880 Canadian gun owners. Cross‐tabulation, probit regression, and negative binomial regression were used to assess the impact of gun owner’s social identity on political participation. Results indicate that gun owners are avid political participants and that this can be explained by the existence of a strong gun owner’s social identity within a subset of Canadians. This has implications for our understanding of how social identities tied to serious leisure communities can impact politics.Related ArticlesCagle, M. Christine, and J. Michael Martinez. 2004. “Have Gun, Will Travel: The Dispute between the CDC and the NRA on Firearm Violence as a Public Health Problem.”Politics &Policy32 (2): 278‐310.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2004.tb00185.xJoslyn, Mark R., and Donald P. Haider‐Markel. 2018. “Motivated Innumeracy: Estimating the Size of the Gun Owner Population and its Consequences for Opposition to Gun Restrictions.”Politics & Policy46 (6): 827‐850.https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12276Smith‐Walter, Aaron, Holly L. Peterson, Michael D. Jones, and Ashley Nicole Reynolds Marshall. 2016. “ Gun Stories: How Evidence Shapes Firearm Policy in the United States.”Politics & Policy44 (6): 1053‐1088.https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12187
Within‐mother variability in vagal functioning and concurrent socioemotional dysregulation
Authors: Somers Jennifer A. , Curci Sarah G. , Winstone Laura K. , Luecken Linda J. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDuring dyadic interactions, well‐regulated autonomic responses may support and be supported by socioemotional regulation, whereas autonomic responses that are inappropriate for the social context may be linked with socioemotional dysregulation. We evaluated women’s parasympathetic and socioemotional responses during playful interaction with their 24‐week‐old infants, hypothesizing that insufficient or excessive variability in second‐by‐second vagal functioning would be associated with concurrent socioemotional dysregulation. Among a sample of 322 low‐income, Mexican origin mothers (Mage = 27.8; SD = 6.5 years), variability in second‐by‐second vagal functioning was indexed by within‐mother standard deviation (SD) in respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) during a 5‐min unstructured play task. A latent construct of socioemotional dysregulation was identified using factor analyses. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate linear and quadratic relations between within‐mother SD of RSA and concurrent socioemotional dysregulation. Analyses revealed a positively accelerated relationship between within‐mother SD of RSA and concurrent maternal socioemotional dysregulation during play with her infant. Within‐mother SD of RSA during a non‐interactive baseline task was not related to maternal dysregulation. The results illustrate mothers’ dynamic autonomic and socioemotional responses are intertwined during real‐time interactions with her infant and lend support for the discriminant validity of within‐mother SD of RSA during free play.
Are we ready for the ship transport of CO2 for CCS? Crude solutions from international and European law
Authors: Weber Viktor 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCarbon capture and storage (CCS) is a crucial element of the energy transition that must take place over the next decades to tackle climate change. In recent years, the political momentum for CCS has increased and Norway is ready to deploy its first full‐chain industrial CCS project. The Norwegian government hopes that, in time, this project will expand into a European CCS network. The carbon dioxide (CO2) will be carried by ships for much of the distance. While there are in principle no legal barriers to the ship transport of CO2, this article argues that international and European law are not ready yet to accommodate the ship carriage of CO2. First, the method for overcoming the Article 6 obstacle of the London Protocol reflects what has been politically achievable and not what would be legally desirable. Second, regarding the future Hazardous and Noxious Substances Convention’s Fund, the article argues that CCS is a special case and certain concessions would be warranted. Third, the article highlights that the method for including CO2 shipping into the European Union emissions trading system is not satisfactory.
Suicidality risk among adults with binge‐eating disorder
Authors: Bulik Cynthia M. , Bertoia Monica L. , Lu Mei , Seeger John D. , Spalding William M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate relative suicidality risk associated with binge‐eating disorder (BED).MethodsRetrospective study of patients identified as having BED (N = 1042) and a matched general population cohort (N = 10,420) from the Optum electronic health record database between January 2009 and September 2015. Patients had ≥1 outpatient encounter with a provider who recognized BED during the 12‐month baseline preceding entry date. Incidence and relative risk of suicidality were assessed.ResultsIncidence per 1000 person‐years (95% CI) of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, respectively, was 31.1 (23.1, 41.0) and 12.7 (7.9, 19.4) in the BED cohort and 5.8 (4.7, 7.1) and 1.4 (0.9, 2.2) in the comparator cohort. Risk of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts was greater in the BED cohort (HR [95% CIs], 6.43 [4.42, 9.37]) than in the comparator cohort (HR [95% CI], 9.47 [4.99, 17.98]) during follow‐up. After adjusting for psychiatric comorbidities, associations of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts with BED remained elevated in patients with BED having histories of suicidality.ConclusionsFindings suggest that history of suicidality may result in an increased risk of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in patients with BED relative to the general population. Psychiatric comorbidity burden may explain the elevated risk of these conditions in BED.
Who is my neighbor? The temptation of ethical distancing
Authors: Goodman David M. , Clemente Matthew 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn this article, we examine twentieth century philosopher Emmanuel Levinas's understanding of the ethical subject and the import his ideas have for contemporary subjective and interpersonal life. Applying Levinas's insight that there is a tendency among human beings to not only neglect the needs of others but to build systems that justify that neglect—to create space and build walls in order to diminish the fact that we are always implicated, ever tied to the needs of others—we explore the social mechanisms that enable such ethical distancing. Ethical distancing, we argue, is the pernicious assumption that distance absolves us, that if only we shelter ourselves from others then we will remain impervious to their cries for help, immune to their need for our care. This assumption, we show, is behind much of our Western self‐understanding. Beginning with the picture of human subjectivity portrayed in Plato's myth of the ring of Gyges, we go on to show that the understanding of the isolated, self‐enclosed subject persists to this day.
Constructive Biases in Clinical Judgment
Authors: Wojciechowski Bartosz W. , Izydorczyk Bernadetta , Blasiak Pawel , Yearsley James M. , White Lee C. , Pothos Emmanuel M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWith a pair of oppositely valenced stimuli, rating the first one sometimes leads to a more extreme evaluation for the second (e.g., if the second is negatively valenced, rating the first stimulus would lead to a more negative rating for the second). We considered an evaluation bias in the case of clinical diagnosis relating to eating disorders. A population sample which included experienced clinical psychologists and psychiatrists showed partial evidence of an evaluation bias, when judging descriptions of individuals designed to be consistent with eating disorders or not. Quantum probability theory, the probability rules from quantum mechanics without any of the physics, is particularly well‐suited to modeling the evaluation bias (and constructive influences generally), because a measurement (or judgment) can change the state of the system. We applied a previous quantum model to the present result, an extension of the model embodying noisy processes, and belief adjustment model. We discuss how model fits inform an examination of rationality in the observed behavior.
Safety and efficacy of topically administered netarsudil‐latanoprost fixed dose combination (FDC; Rocklatan™) in normal and glaucomatous dogs withADAMTS10‐open‐angle glaucoma (ADAMTS10‐OAG)
Authors: Leary Kelly A. , Steibel Juan P. , Harman Christine D. , Anderson Amanda L. , Komáromy András M. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate safety and efficacy of topically administered 0.02% netarsudil‐0.005% latanoprost fixed‐dose combination (FDC) (Rocklatan™; Aerie Pharmaceutical) in normal and glaucomatous dogs withADAMTS10‐open‐angle glaucoma (ADAMTS10‐OAG).Animals studiedFive normal and five glaucomatous beagle dogs withADAMTS10‐OAG were the study animals.ProceduresIn each dog, left (OS) or right eye (OD) was randomly selected for netarsudil‐latanoprost FDC treatment. Contralateral eyes served as latanoprost‐treated controls. The study was divided into four consecutive study periods: following a 4‐day baseline period, two sequential 8‐day study periods followed with once daily (q24h) and twice daily (q12h) treatments and ending with a washout period. Efficacy was measured by diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupil diameter. Safety was assessed by routine ophthalmic examination, gonioscopy, and pachymetry. Differences in least square means of quantitative outcome measures were compared between FDC and latanoprost treatments by using the linear Gaussian model.ResultsBaseline IOPs were 13.6 ± 0.7 mmHg (mean ± SEM) in normal and 28.3 ± 1.4 mmHg in OAG‐affected dogs. There was a significant decrease in mean diurnal IOP following FDC administration in both normal (q24h: −2.1 mmHg; q12h: −4.1 mmHg) and glaucomatous dogs (q24h: −14.2 mmHg; q12h: −17.7 mmHg;p < .0001). There was no significant difference in the treatment effect when comparing FDC to latanoprost. Both FDC and latanoprost administration resulted in similarly significant pupil constriction (p < .0001). The FDC administration was well‐tolerated but resulted in conjunctival hyperemia.ConclusionsOnce or twice daily administration of netarsudil‐latanoprost FDC (Rocklatan™) and latanoprost was equally effective in lowering IOP in normal and OAG‐affected dogs. There was no netarsudil‐related added treatment effect.
The myofibroblast and Giulio Gabbiani: An inseparable couple celebrates their 50 years golden wedding anniversary
Authors: Desmoulière Alexis , Hinz Boris 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe term myofibroblast has been introduced 50 years ago by Gabbiani and coworkers in two subsequent studies that characterized these enigmatic cells morphologically and functionally. This editorial provides a brief historical overview on the discoverer and the subject to introduce a theme issue on myofibroblasts that celebrates this important discovery. Owing to their central roles in promoting physiological wound healing but also excessive scarring of skin and internal organs, understanding myofibroblasts is key in developing strategies to manage scarless wound healing.
Effect of Damping Constants and Stress Distribution on the Resonance Response of Members
Authors: Lazan B. J. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The amplitude of vibration of a member at resonance, as defined by its resonance amplification factor, is analyzed in relationship to the damping properties of materials. Data are presented on damping energy to indicate the effect of stress magnitude, stress history, and temperature. Based on the mathematical relationship found to exist between damping and stress magnitude the resonance amplification factors are determined for a variety of direct stress members and beams. It is shown that the amplification in vibration caused by resonance may be considered to be the product of three basic factors, i.e., (a) the material factor, (b) the cross-sectional shape factor, and (c) the longitudinal stress-distribution factor. The first of these factors may be calculated from the damping and dynamic modulus properties of the material and the last two from the shape and loading characteristics of the member. Diagrams are presented to show these basic factors as functions of the damping exponent and other variables for members commonly encountered in engineering practice. Experimental data are presented to confirm the equations derived for resonance amplification factor of members having various shapes and stress distribution.
On the Use of Singular Yield Conditions and Associated Flow Rules
Authors: Prager William 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
It is well known that the use of Tresca’s yield condition frequently leads to a simpler system of equations for the stresses in a plastic solid than the use of the yield condition of Mises. However, in most cases where Tresca’s yield condition has been used, the flow rule associated with the Mises condition has been retained. Following Koiter, it is shown that further simplification results from the use of the flow rule associated with the Tresca condition. The reason for this is discussed in connection with two examples concerning the finite enlargement of a circular hole in an infinite sheet of perfectly plastic or work-hardening material. The second example is probably the first nontrivial case in which a problem of finite plastic deformation of a work-hardening material has been treated in closed form by the use of incremental stress-strain relations.
Elastic Spheres in Contact Under Varying Oblique Forces
Authors: Mindlin R. D. , Deresiewicz H. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
An investigation is made of the phenomena occurring at the contact surfaces of like elastic spheres subjected to a variety of applied forces. Owing to the presence of slip, with its associated energy dissipation and permanent set, the changes in tractions and displacements depend not only upon the initial state of loading, but upon the entire past history of loading and the instantaneous relative rates of change of the normal and tangential forces. On the basis of three of the simplest cases of varying oblique forces, a set of rules of procedure is assembled and then applied to two types of problems. In the first, the initial tangential compliances are calculated for a variety of past histories and instantaneous rates of loading; in the other, a detailed history of a varying oblique force is investigated.
Axisymmetric Flow of an Ideal Incompressible Fluid About a Solid Torus
Authors: Sternberg E. , Sadowsky M. A. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper contains an exact solution in series form to the problem presented by the irrotational, axisymmetric flow of an ideal, incompressible fluid past a solid torus of circular cross section. At infinity the fluid is assumed to be in a state of uniform motion parallel to the axis of the torus. The solution is based on the use of toroidal coordinates, and is given in terms of Legendre functions of fractional order as well as complete and incomplete elliptic integrals of the first and second kind. The individual component solutions employed here are interpreted physically through their relation to the basic ring singularities represented by the source ring and the vortex ring. The problem is first approached via Stokes’s stream function exclusively and is subsequently re-solved independently in terms of the velocity potential alone. The convergence of the pertinent series developments is found to be unusually favorable, and a complete streamline pattern, corresponding to an illustrative numerical example, is included.
A Theory of Torsion Bending for Multicell Beams
Authors: Benscoter S. U. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Differential equations and boundary conditions, relating warping displacements and rotations to the applied torsional load, are developed for nonuniform beams with thin-walled multicell cross sections. The loading distribution and end conditions are arbitrary. A formula resembling the flexure formula is given for the normal stress in terms of a warping moment. The torsion-bending theory is of approximately the same accuracy as engineering bending theory and is exactly analogous to the case of bending with axial tension when shearing strains are taken into account.