bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal effects of gender minority stressors on substance use and related risk and protective factors among gender minority adolescents
Authors: Katz-Wise Sabra L. , Sarda Vishnudas , Austin S. Bryn , Harris Sion Kim 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
Gender minority (GM) adolescents, who have a different gender identity than their sex assigned at birth, may use substances as a coping strategy in response to GM-related stressors. This study examined longitudinal effects of gender minority stressors on substance use in GM adolescents, and related risk factors (internalized transphobia, depressive symptoms, anxious symptoms) and protective factors (resilience, gender-related pride, family functioning, social support, gender-related community connectedness).

Methods
Participants were 30 GM adolescents, ages 13–17 years, from the U.S. community-based longitudinal Trans Teen and Family Narratives Project. Participants completed an online survey every 6 months across 2 years (5 waves; data collected 2015–2019).

Results
Exposure to gender minority stressors was associated with higher odds of alcohol use. Across models, internalized transphobia (risk factor), resilience (protective factor), and gender-related pride (protective factor) were the most significant mediators of associations between gender minority stressors and substance use. Family functioning and social support (protective factors) significantly moderated the association between gender minority stressors and alcohol use, such that family functioning and social support were protective for alcohol use at lower levels of gender minority stress, but not at higher levels.

Conclusion
Results suggest that GM adolescents engage in substance use as a coping strategy in response to gender minority stressors. A number of hypothesized risk and protective factors mediated or moderated these associations. Future interventions with GM adolescents should focus efforts on addressing internalized transphobia as a risk factor and strengthening resilience, gender-related pride, and family functioning as protective factors for substance use.
Severity of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis is not linked to testosterone concentration in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Dayton Kristin Alexandra , Bril Fernando , Barb Diana , Lai Jinping , Kalavalapalli Srilaxmi , Cusi Kenneth 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundHypogonadism is reported to occur in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but earlier studies used low-sensitivity diagnostic techniques (CT, ultrasound), for NAFLD diagnosis. We hypothesized that if hypogonadism was due to NAFLD, and not solely attributable to underlying obesity/diabetes, it would be more severe in the presence of steatohepatitis (NASH). To examine the influence of liver disease on testosterone in males with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), we used gold-standard liver imaging with MR-spectroscopy (1H-MRS), and performed liver biopsies to grade/stage the NAFLD.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we measured in 175 males with T2DM total and free testosterone, markers of insulin resistance, and intrahepatic triglyceride content (IHTG) by1H-MRS. Those with NAFLD on imaging underwent a liver biopsy.ResultsTotal testosterone was higher in the group without NAFLD (“No-NAFLD”; n = 48) compared to isolated steatosis (IS; n = 62) or NASH (n = 65) (385 ± 116 vs. 339 ± 143 vs. 335 ± 127 ng/ml, ptrend0.03). Testosterone was also lower in obese vs. non-obese subjects in both the No-NAFLD and IS groups (p = 0.06 and p = 0.11, respectively), but not in obese vs. non-obese patients with NASH (p = 0.81). IHTG was independently associated with total testosterone (ß = -4.8, p = 0.004). None of the liver histology characteristics were associated with lower testosterone.ConclusionsNAFLD is linked to lower total testosterone in patients with T2DM, but likely given a common soil of insulin resistance/obesity and not from the severity of liver necroinflammation or fibrosis. Nevertheless, clinicians should consider screening patients with T2DM and NAFLD for hypogonadism.
Can we screen for pancreatic cancer? Identifying a sub-population of patients at high risk of subsequent diagnosis using machine learning techniques applied to primary care data
Authors: Malhotra Ananya , Rachet Bernard , Bonaventure Audrey , Pereira Stephen P. , Woods Laura M. 
Published: June 2021

Background
Pancreatic cancer (PC) represents a substantial public health burden. Pancreatic cancer patients have very low survival due to the difficulty of identifying cancers early when the tumour is localised to the site of origin and treatable. Recent progress has been made in identifying biomarkers for PC in the blood and urine, but these cannot be used for population-based screening as this would be prohibitively expensive and potentially harmful.

Methods
We conducted a case-control study using prospectively-collected electronic health records from primary care individually-linked to cancer registrations. Our cases were comprised of 1,139 patients, aged 15–99 years, diagnosed with pancreatic cancer between January 1, 2005 and June 30, 2009. Each case was age-, sex- and diagnosis time-matched to four non-pancreatic (cancer patient) controls. Disease and prescription codes for the 24 months prior to diagnosis were used to identify 57 individual symptoms. Using a machine learning approach, we trained a logistic regression model on 75% of the data to predict patients who later developed PC and tested the model’s performance on the remaining 25%.

Results
We were able to identify 41.3% of patients < = 60 years at ‘high risk’ of developing pancreatic cancer up to 20 months prior to diagnosis with 72.5% sensitivity, 59% specificity and, 66% AUC. 43.2% of patients >60 years were similarly identified at 17 months, with 65% sensitivity, 57% specificity and, 61% AUC. We estimate that combining our algorithm with currently available biomarker tests could result in 30 older and 400 younger patients per cancer being identified as ‘potential patients’, and the earlier diagnosis of around 60% of tumours.

Conclusion
After further work this approach could be applied in the primary care setting and has the potential to be used alongside a non-invasive biomarker test to increase earlier diagnosis. This would result in a greater number of patients surviving this devastating disease.
Modelling future trajectories of obesity and body mass index in England
Authors: Cobiac Linda J. , Scarborough Peter 
Published: June 2021

Background
Obesity is a leading risk for poor health outcomes in England. We examined best- and worst-case scenarios for the future trajectory of the obesity epidemic.

Methods
Taking the last 27 years of Health Survey for England data, we determined both position and shape of the adult body mass index (BMI) distribution and projected these parameters 20 years forward in time. For the best-case scenario, we fitted linear models, allowing for a quadratic relationship between the outcome variable and time, to reflect a potential reversal in upwards trends. For the worst-case scenario, we fitted non-linear models that applied an exponential function to reflect a potential flattening of trends over time. Best-fitting models were identified using Monte Carlo cross-validation on 1991–2014 data, and predictions of population prevalence across five BMI categories were then validated using 2015–17 data.

Results
Both linear and non-linear models showed a close fit to observed data (mean absolute error <2%). In the best-case scenario, the proportion of the population at increased risk (BMI≥25kg/m2) is predicted to fall from 66% in 2017 to 53% (95% confidence interval: 41% to 64%) in 2035. In the worst-case scenario, this proportion is likely to remain relatively stable overall– 64% (37% to 90%) in 2035 –but with an increasing proportion of the population at highest risk (BMI≥35kg/m2).

Conclusions
While obesity prediction depends on chosen modelling methods, even under optimistic assumptions it is likely that the majority of the English population will still be at increased risk of disease due to their weight until at least 2035, without greater allocation of resources to effective interventions.
Significant elevation of aqueous endothelin-1 in central retinal vein occlusion
Authors: Kang Hae Min , Hasanuzzaman Md. , Kim So Won , Koh Hyoung Jun , Lee Sung Chul 
Published: June 2021

Purpose
To investigate aqueous humor concentrations of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) compared with patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and a normal control group.

Methods
A total 80 subjects were included in this prospective study, including 15 patients with CRVO, 20 patients with BRVO, and 45 patients who underwent cataract surgery and had no concomitant ocular disease. Aqueous humor levels of ET-1 were obtained before intravitreal bevacizumab injection (IVB) and after 1 month.

Results
At baseline, the mean aqueous ET-1 level was 12.7±3.6 pg/mL in the CRVO group, 8.0±2.3 pg/mL in the BRVO group, and 2.0±0.9 pg/mL in the control group (P<0.001). After IVB, the mean aqueous level of ET-1 was 3.4±1.9 pg/mL (0.5–6.9 pg/mL) in the CRVO group and 1.8±1.0 pg/mL (0.3–3.2 pg/mL) in the BRVO group (P = 0.008). The mean aqueous ET-1 level was significantly reduced in both the patients with CRVO and those with BRVO (P<0.001).

Conclusion
The mean aqueous humor ET-1 level was significant higher in the patients with CRVO than those with BRVO and in the control group. After IVB, the mean level was significantly reduced in both the patients with CRVO and those with BRVO.
ON THE IMPACT OF THE TAXATION SYSTEM OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES ON THE FORMATION OF REGIONAL AND LOCAL BUDGETS (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE ALTAI TERRITORY AND BARNAUL)
Authors: Strizshkina I. V. , Strizshkina V. N. , Kapustyan L. A. 
Published: June 2021

In the new conditions of the crisis caused by the coronavirus infection, enterprises are in dire need of support from the state. The old taxation system made it impossible to use. The state has proposed new approaches to taxation of small and medium-sized businesses. The main reasons for changes in legislation related to the abolition of UTII and the application of new tax regimes have been identified. The article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using a single tax on imputed tax, replacing this tax with a patent taxation system and a self-taxation system. The retrospective of the application of UTII is analyzed and carried out, the results of its application are considered.
On the example of a specific region, the Altai Territory, the number of taxpayers who used the unified imputed income tax (UTII) and the prospect of paying tax under the new patent system were analyzed. The article discusses the results of the tax reform and the features of its implementation during the period of coronavirus infection.
The article discusses the specifics of the application of the patent system in various industries, since the Altai Territory has an agricultural focus, in contrast to other regions. An attempt was also made to calculate the budget revenues of the city of Barnaul, subject to the transition to a new taxation system, optimistic conclusions and assumptions about a positive trend in income growth were made.
Reliability and smallest detectable change of the Danish version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in patients with chronic low back pain
Authors: Vejlgaard Camilla , Maribo Thomas , Riisgaard Laursen Johan , Schmidt Anne Mette 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability and a global public health concern. Studies indicate that pain self-efficacy is associated with the development of disability in chronic LBP (CLBP) patients. The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) is a commonly used questionnaire to assess pain self-efficacy in patients with CLBP. It is essential to examine the psychometric properties of the PSEQ in the population in which it is to be used. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the reliability and smallest detectable change of the Danish version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ-DK) in patients with CLBP before implementing it as an outcome measure in an inpatient rehabilitation context.

Methods
This observational study including 92 patients with CLBP was conducted in a multidisciplinary rehabilitation facility in Denmark. The psychometric properties statistically tested included reliability, smallest detectable change and floor and ceiling effect of the PSEQ-DK.

Results
The reliability analysis included 92 patients and revealed an weighted kappa of 0.82 (95% Cl 0.75; 0.88) and Intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.83 (95% CI 0.75; 0.88), which corresponds to a good reliability. The smallest detectable change was 12.67.

Conclusions
The present study demonstrated that the PSEQ-DK had a good reliability in patients with CLBP in an inpatient rehabilitation context. The current results expand our knowledge of the reliability and smallest detectable change of the PSEQ-DK. In order to implement PSEQ-DK in a rehabilitation context for evaluative purposes future studies should focus on examining responsiveness and interpretability.
Current state of small water reservoir from technical and ecological viewpoint
Authors: Sabová Zuzana , Németová Zuzana , Kaletová Tatiana , Kohnová Silvia 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe objective of the study is an assessment of a Ratka small water reservoir in Slovakia by using two main aspects, i.e., the hydrotechnical, geotechnical and environmental aspects.An evaluation of the actual state of a small water reservoir was solved in a complex way. Based on the field measurements, the quality of surface water was controlled in order to check if the surface water quality indicators meet the requirements of government regulations. In addition to the terrain measurements, laboratory measurements were performed. The results assess the actual state of the small water reservoir in details, including an assessment of the water quality with proposed measures for improving the condition of the water reservoir.
Effect of Fermented Kangkong Seed (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) on Characteristics and Histology of Female Quail Reproductive Organs
Authors: Kusumorini Astuti , Wiradimadja Rachmat , Putra Ramadhani Eka , Rochana Ana , Rusmana Denny 
Published: June 2021

Quail has a high reproductive ability, which can reach 3 to 4 generations a year. The quail also have high eggs productivity and capable of producing 250-300 eggs/quail/year. Egg production is closely related to the reproductive system and feed. It is necessary to know the effect of feeding fermented kangkong on the characteristics and histology of the quail reproductive organs. The increase in livestock population should be balanced with an increase in the availability of feed. Kangkong seeds waste (Ipomoea reptans Poir.) is rejected seeds from seed factories that have the potential to become alternative feed ingredients because it contains about 13.46% protein. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fermented kangkong seed feed (Bikafer) on the characteristics of reproductive tract organs and histology of quail oviducts because feeds affect the development of the reproductive tract and quail egg production. This study used a completely randomized design method (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were as follows: R0 = commercial feed, R1 = 0% (Bikafer), R2 = 7.5% (Bikafer), R3 = 15% (Bikafer) ,R4 = 22.5% (Bikafer). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with a significance level of 95% (α = 0.05) and the Kruskal-Wallis test, while histological observations were described descriptively. The results showed that there were significant differences in the characteristics of the uterus, vaginal length, and isthmus weights. The histology of the quail reproductive tract developed well and showed the tunica mucosal tissue, serous tunica, muscular tunica, goblet cells, epithelium, and tubular gland cells.
Le numérique participatif au service de la République des Lettres
Authors: Bouyé Edouard 
Published: June 2021

Loin des clichés, l’inflation de la production documentaire a fait des archivistes les animateurs d’équipes nombreuses ; et la consultation des archives est l’une des pratiques culturelles les plus populaires. Cette rencontre d’un public motivé et d’une documentation numérique considérable a suscité le développement d’entreprises de crowdsourcing permises par la pratique des documents d’archives ainsi que par les connaissances toponymiques et onomastiques des usagers : édition de textes, annotation collaborative de l’état civil ou de fonds iconographiques, établissement de dictionnaires historiques, etc. Le rôle de l’archiviste est de rendre possible ce travail sur les sources, de l’encadrer, de le faire connaître (par la médiation numérique). Il faut susciter la création d’un réseau, d’une communauté virtuelle (en s’appuyant sur des communautés réelles) et donner de la reconnaissance à son travail. Le public attend de l’archiviste, qui doit se déprendre de la posture du sachant distillant son savoir, qu’il soit néanmoins être le garant de la fiabilité de l’information produite, même s’il n’a pas les moyens concrets de la valider systématiquement a priori. Diverses questions doivent être examinées : celle de la propriété intellectuelle de l’information produite, celle des rapports entre crowdsourcing et crowdfunding, celle des raisons et des conditions du succès des entreprises de crowdsourcing dans les archives, où chaque participant contribue à l’enrichissement du patrimoine commun.
PhotosNormandie
Authors: Peccatte Patrick 
Published: June 2021

PhotosNormandie est un projet collaboratif portant sur plus de 5 100 photos et 300 films historiques sur le débarquement du 6 juin 1944 et la bataille de Normandie. Il a pour objectif d’améliorer les légendes des photos et des films en utilisant les fonctionnalités des plates-formes Flickr et YouTube. Les photos proviennent des Archives Nationales des États-Unis (NARA) et du Canada et sont libres de droits. Les films proviennent également du NARA et ont été numérisés par l’équipe du projet. Actif depuis janvier 2007, le projet s’est constitué autour d’une cinquantaine de passionnés aux compétences complémentaires où l’on compte des archivistes, documentalistes, historiens, enseignants, etc. L’activité régulière du projet durant treize années a permis d’accroître considérablement la qualité des descriptions et de les enrichir d’informations inédites. L’ensemble des légendes produites forme probablement la meilleure description documentaire actuelle de cette collection de photos et films. L’article décrit les méthodes utilisées au cours de cette activité de crowdsourcing, les difficultés rencontrées, les (non) relations avec les acteurs institutionnels, ainsi que les résultats obtenus.
Uncertainties in Seismic Moment Tensors Inferred from Differences between Global Catalogs
Authors: Rösler Boris , Stein Seth , Spencer Bruce D. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCatalogs of moment tensors form the foundation for a wide variety of seismological studies. However, assessing uncertainties in the moment tensors and the quantities derived from them is difficult. To gain insight, we compare 5000 moment tensors in the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Global Centroid Moment Tensor (Global CMT) Project catalogs for November 2015–December 2020 and use the differences to illustrate the uncertainties. The differences are typically an order of magnitude larger than the reported errors, suggesting that the errors substantially underestimate the uncertainty. The catalogs are generally consistent, with intriguing differences. Global CMT generally reports larger scalar moments than USGS, with the difference decreasing with magnitude. This difference is larger than and of the opposite sign from what is expected due to the different definitions of the scalar moment. Instead, the differences are intrinsic to the tensors, presumably in part due to different phases used in the inversions. The differences in double-couple components of source mechanisms and the fault angles derived from them decrease with magnitude. Non-double-couple (NDC) components decrease somewhat with magnitude. These components are moderately correlated between catalogs, with correlations stronger for larger earthquakes. Hence, small earthquakes often show large NDC components, but many have large uncertainties and are likely to be artifacts of the inversion. Conversely, larger earthquakes are less likely to have large NDC components, but these components are typically robust between catalogs. If so, these can indicate either true deviation from a double couple or source complexity. The differences between catalogs in scalar moment, source geometry, or NDC fraction of individual earthquakes are essentially uncorrelated, suggesting that the differences reflect the inversion rather than the source process. Despite the differences in moment tensors, the location and depth of the centroids are consistent between catalogs. Our results apply to earthquakes after 2012, before which many moment tensors were common to both catalogs.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI INTERNET FINANCIAL REPORTING PERUSAHAAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI JAKARTA ISLAMIC INDEX
Authors: Hestiani Novita , Filianti Dian 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKPerkembangan internet yang cepat memudahkan untuk menyebarkan informasi perusahaan kepada publik, pelaporan secara internet melaui website perusahaan yang sering disebut Internet Financial Reporting (IFR). IFR dapat membantu mengurangi agency cost terkait biaya penyebarluasan informasi berbentuk cetakan. IFR juga membantu menyebarkan informasi mengenai keunggulan-keunggulan perusahaan untuk memudahkan investor mengambil keputusan dan menarik investor baru. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk memberikan bukti secara empiris mengenai pengaruh Profitabilitas, Jenis Industri, Firm Size, Reputasi Auditor terhadap Internet Financial Reporting (IFR). Sampel dalam peneltian ini sebanyak 30 perusahaan yang terdaftar di Jakarta Islamic Index tahun 2019. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini adalah uji analisis regresi berganda. Dalam penelitian ini mengungkapkan hasil bahwa variabel Firm Size dan Reputasi Auditor menunjukkan hasil yang positif dan signifikan. Sedangkan Profitabilitas dan Jenis Industri tidak terbukti memiliki hasil yang signifikan.Kata kunci: Profitabilitas, Jenis Industri, Firm Size, Reputasi Auditor, Internet Financial Reporting. ABSTRACTThe rapid development of the internet makes it easy to disseminate company information to the public, reporting on the internet through the company's website which is often called Internet Financial Reporting (IFR). IFR can help reduce agency costs related to the cost of disseminating printed information. IFR also helps disseminate information about the advantages of the company to make it easier for investors to make decisions and attract new investors. This study aims to provide empirical evidence regarding the effect of Profitability, Industry Type, Firm Size, Auditor Reputation on Internet Financial Reporting (IFR). The samples in this study were 30 companies registered in the Jakarta Islamic Index in 2019. The data analysis technique in this study was multiple regression analysis. In this study, the results reveal that the Firm Size and Auditor Reputation variables show positive and significant results. Meanwhile, the profitability and type of industry are not proven to have significant results. Keywords: Profitability, Type of Industry, Firm Size, Auditor Reputation, Internet Financial Reporting.