bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction between the genetic variant of rs696217‐ghrelin and food intake and obesity and dyslipidemia
Authors: Yadegari Mehran , Zare‐Feyzabadi Reza , Zakariaeiseraji Mohanna , Sahebi Reza , Shabani Niloofar , Khedmatgozar Hamed , Ferns Gordon A. , Ghazizadeh Hamideh , Mohammadi‐Bajgiran Maryam , Jalalian Melika , Zoghi Mohadese , Darban Reza Assaran , Mohammadian‐Ghosooni Mahdi , Esmaily Habibollah , Avan Amir , Ghayour‐Mobarhan Majid 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the genetic variant of rs696217‐ghrelin and fasted lipid profile, indices of obesity, and environmental parameters. Amplification refractory mutation system‐polymerase chain reaction (ARMs‐PCR) was used for genotyping 1118 individuals recruited as part of the Mashhad Stroke and Heart Atherosclerotic Disorder (MASHAD) cohort study. The interaction between the presence of the genetic variant of rs696217‐ghrelin and nutritional intake and other major determinants of obesity and lipid profile was examined in the MASHAD study population. Individuals with the TT genotype at the locus had the lowest prevalence of obesity compared to other genotypes among the individuals. No significant relationship was found between the two groups regarding the lipid profile and TT genotype. Furthermore, no significant association was found between dietary intake and the genetic variant of rs696217‐ghrelin in the population under study. Individuals with a TT or GT genotype appear to be at a higher risk of obesity, compared to those with a GG genotype. The results of the current study revealed a significant association between the genetic variant of rs696217‐ghrelin and obesity; however, this gene did not correlate with the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases and dyslipidemia in the Iranian population.
Strategic Authoritarianism: The Political Cycles and Selectivity of China's Tax‐Break Policy
Authors: Chen Ling , Zhang Hao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA rich literature has noted political business cycles in democracies. We argue that in an autocracy with strong bureaucratic institutions, the pressure of evaluation and promotion has also generated political cycles of tax‐break policies. Furthermore, the timing and content of the evaluation have driven leaders to use tax breaks strategically to build economic performance, producing distributional consequences. Combining panel data of 1,510,153 firm‐year observations, city‐leader data from 1995 to 2007, and field interviews, we find that the tax‐break rates dropped for most firms during mayors’ turnover years. In the first year of office, that is, the “busy year,” mayors needed to prioritize large firms and especially large foreign firms. Small domestic private firms bore the cost of tenure cycles. In the last year of the mayors' tenure, that is, the “dust‐settled” year, there was little incentive to seek promotion, and even important firms could not gain the mayors' attention.
Systematic review with network meta‐analysis: comparative efficacy of pharmacologic therapies for fibrosis improvement and resolution of NASH
Authors: Majzoub Abdul M. , Nayfeh Tarek , Barnard Abbey , Munaganuru Nagambika , Dave Shravan , Singh Siddharth , Murad Mohammad Hassan , Loomba Rohit 
Published: August 2021

SummaryBackgroundNonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common cause of chronic liver disease. There is a major need to understand the efficacy of different pharmacological agents for the treatment of NASH.AimTo assess the relative rank‐order of different pharmacological interventions in fibrosis improvement and NASH resolution.MethodsA comprehensive search of several databases was conducted by an experienced librarian. We included randomised controlled‐trials (RCTs) comparing pharmacological interventions in patients with biopsy‐proven NASH. The primary outcome was ≥1 stage improvement in fibrosis. The secondary outcome was NASH resolution.ResultsA total of 26 RCTs with 23 interventions met the eligibility criteria. Lanifibranor and obeticholic acid had the highest probability of being ranked the most effective intervention for achieving ≥1 stage of fibrosis improvement (SUCRA 0.78) and (SUCRA 0.77), respectively. For NASH resolution, semaglutide, liraglutide and vitamin E plus pioglitazone had the highest probability of being ranked the most effective intervention for achieving NASH resolution (SUCRA 0.89), (SUCRA 0.84) and (SUCRA 0.83), respectively. Lanifibranor, obeticholic acid, pioglitazone and vitamin E were significantly better than placebo in achieving ≥1 stage of fibrosis improvement. Conversely, semaglutide, liraglutide, vitamine E plus pioglitazone, pioglitazone, lanifibranor and obeticholic acid were significantly better than placebo in achieving NASH resolution.ConclusionThese data provide relative rank‐order efficacy of various NASH therapies in terms of their improvements in liver fibrosis and NASH resolution. Therapies that have been shown to improve NASH resolution may be combined with therapies that have an antifibrotic effect to further boost treatment response rate in future.
Exploring the Relationship between Target Costing Functionality and Product Innovation: The Role of Information Systems
Authors: Pavlatos Odysseas , Kostakis Hara 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe role of management control practices in product innovation is a subject that has received great attention in management control literature. This research explores the relationship between target costing (TC) functionality, the quality of information systems (IS) and product innovation. We conducted an empirical study in 108 large industrial enterprises, which have research and development departments. The results show that there is a positive relationship between TC functionality and product innovation in terms of product newness and innovation rate. A direct effect of the quality of IS information on product innovation was not established but rather it was found that the positive association between the functionality of TC and product innovation is stronger in firms that provide IS information of higher quality as compared to firms that provide IS information of lower quality.
Volcanic facies architecture of early bimodal volcanism of the NW Deccan Traps: Volcanic reservoirs of the Raageshwari Deep Gas Field, Barmer Basin, India
Authors: Millett John M. , Jerram Dougal A. , Planke Sverre , Mund Bineet K. , Konar Shubhodip , Sharda Ruchika , Maharjan Dwarika , Patankar Tanzeem 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe Deccan Traps large igneous province (LIP) comprises one of the largest continental flood basalt provinces on Earth with the main phase of volcanism spanning the Cretaceous‐Palaeogene boundary. The oldest volcanism of the province is encountered in the northwest of modern‐day India where Deccan stratigraphy is often buried beneath thick Cenozoic sedimentary sequences. The Raageshwari Deep Gas (RDG) Field, located onshore in the central Barmer Basin, NW India, produces gas from the early Deccan Raageshwari Volcanics which are subdivided into two members, the Agni Member and the overlying Prithvi Member. The RDG comprises a globally important example of a producing volcanic reservoir whilst also offering unique insights into the early volcanism of the Deccan with the aid of extensive high quality sub‐surface data. Within this study, the volcanic facies of the RDG sequences are investigated from five cored intervals (total 160 m). Core‐based facies determinations are compared with geochemical analyses, petrophysical analyses of the cores (density, porosity and permeability), and wireline data including micro‐resistivity borehole images (FMI) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) data. A wireline based volcanic lithofacies scheme is developed and applied to the uncored parts of the sequence which in turn is compared to 3D seismic data. Results of the study reveal the Agni Member to comprise a compositionally bimodal (basalt through to trachyte), dominantly alkaline series with mixed volcanic facies including spectacular felsic ignimbrites, basic‐intermediate simple lava flows, volcaniclastic units and newly identified shallow intrusions. The Prithvi Member in contrast is dominated by tholeiitic basalt compositions with less common basic‐intermediate alkaline compositions and comprises a sequence dominated by classic tabular lava flow facies inter‐digitated with boles, volcaniclastic units, rare compound braided lava facies and evolved tuffaceous ash layers. In one interval of the Prithvi Member, evidence for agglutinated spatter is recorded inferring potential proximity to a palaeo‐eruption site within the area. Comparison between core data and volcanic facies reveals a first order control of volcanic facies on reservoir properties highlighting the importance of volcanic facies appraisal in the development of volcanic reservoirs.
Plant susceptible responses: the underestimated side of plant–pathogen interactions
Authors: Gorshkov Vladimir , Tsers Ivan 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACTPlant susceptibility to pathogens is usually considered from the perspective of the loss of resistance. However, susceptibility cannot be equated with plant passivity since active host cooperation may be required for the pathogen to propagate and cause disease. This cooperation consists of the induction of reactions called susceptible responses that transform a plant from an autonomous biological unit into a component of a pathosystem. Induced susceptibility is scarcely discussed in the literature (at least compared to induced resistance) although this phenomenon has a fundamental impact on plant–pathogen interactions and disease progression. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on plant susceptible responses and their regulation. We highlight two main categories of susceptible responses according to their consequences and indicate the relevance of susceptible response‐related studies to agricultural practice. We hope that this review will generate interest in this underestimated aspect of plant–pathogen interactions.
The emergence of children’s natural number concepts: Current theoretical challenges
Authors: Sella Francesco , Slusser Emily , Odic Darko , Krajcsi Attila 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLearning the meaning of number words is a lengthy and error‐prone process. In this review, we highlight outstanding issues related to current accounts of children’s acquisition of symbolic number knowledge. We maintain that, despite the ability to identify and label small numerical quantities, children do not understand initially that number words refer only to sets of discrete countable items, not to other nonnumerical dimensions. We question the presence of a sudden change in children’s understanding of cardinality, and we report the limits of the give‐a‐number task. We also highlight that children are still learning the directional property of the counting list, even after acquiring the cardinality principle. Finally, we discuss the role that the Approximate Number System may have in supporting the acquisition of symbolic numbers. We call for improvements in methodological tools and refinement in theoretical understanding of how children learn natural numbers.
Valuing the whole community: Children, schools and language
Authors: Cohen Bronwen J. , Rønning Wenche 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWhat help is given to children in exploring linguistic and cultural diversity in their local communities? Drawing on a comparative study of Place‐Based Learning (PBL) in three predominantly rural areas in Scotland, Norway and the USA, the article examines educational and cultural approaches to supporting indigenous and minority community languages. It offers examples of the potential these offer in contributing to children's personal language awareness and development and cultural learning, but finds that language and education policies are fragmented and failing in particular to take advantage of newer migrant languages as a tool for developing linguistic and intercultural skills.
Immediate loading protocols increase the risk of failure of implants placed by fully guided surgery in partially edentulous jaws: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ko Kyung‐A , Song Young Woo , Park Ji‐Man , Park Young‐Bum , Kim Chang‐Sung , Lee Jung‐Seok 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimTo compare the 1‐year outcomes of immediate loading (IL) and delayed loading (DL) protocols for implants placed by fully guided surgery in partially edentulous jaws.Materials and MethodsThis study included 72 patients who received implant surgery with either IL (93 implants, 36 patients) or DL (94 implants, 26 patients). A prefabricated provisional prosthesis was delivered immediately for the IL group (86 implants, 32 patients) with the exception of 4 subjects in whom an initial torque of >20 Ncm and an implant stability quotient of >65 were not achieved, while all DL‐group implants were loaded after 3 months. The 1‐year implant survival rate estimated by intention‐to‐treat (ITT) and per‐protocol (PP) analyses, and the marginal bone loss (MBL) estimated by cone‐beam computed tomography were statistically evaluated (p < 0.05).ResultsThe survival rate in the DL group was 100% at both patient and implant levels. With only 26 subjects with 78 implants surviving in the IL group, the survival rates were 69.4% and 83.4% at the patient and implant levels, respectively, in the ITT analysis, and 78.1% and 90.2% in the PP analysis. All intergroup differences in survival rates were statistically significant (p < 0.01). MBL was less than 0.1 mm in both groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionsIL for implants placed by fully guided surgery in the partially edentulous jaws increased the probability of failure compared to 3‐month DL. Regardless of when loading occurred, marginal bone levels remained stable.
Molecular phylogeny and evolution of Calaphidinae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Lee Yerim , Kanturski Mariusz , Foottit Robert G. , Kim Sora , Lee Seunghwan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCalaphidinae is the second‐largest subfamily in the family Aphididae. Despite their species diversity and some taxonomic controversy, no phylogenetic studies have been conducted on them thus far. Herein, we report the first molecular phylogeny of Calaphidinae and two related lineages, Phyllaphidinae and Saltusaphidinae, based on five genes (3418 bp) for 126 taxa. Maximum parsimony, maximum‐likelihood and Bayesian inference phylogenetic analyses were performed on the multilocus dataset. Divergence time estimation, biogeographical reconstruction, ancestral host plant reconstruction and PhyloType analyses were performed to identify evolutionary trends in Calaphidinae. Our phylogenetic results lead to several conclusions: Phyllaphidinae is a sister group to Calaphidinae s.l.; Calaphidinae is paraphyletic with respect to the former “Saltusaphidinae”; the ingroup clade was subdivided into nine newly recognized lineages; and three subtribes of Calaphidinae (Monaphidina, Calaphdina and Panaphidina) and many genera were not recovered as monophyletic. A new classification is proposed with eight tribal divisions that reflect our phylogenetic results, including three new tribes (Pterocallidini trib.n., Pseudochromaphidini trib.n. and Shivaphidini trib.n.) and three new statuses (Saltusaphidini stat.n., Therioaphidini stat.n. and Myzocallidini stat.n.). The ancestral reconstruction results imply that the ingroup taxa’s common ancestor originated in the Eastern Palaearctic and might have fed on Fagaceae in the Late Cretaceous. Later, multiple host shifts and an expanding geographical distribution led to the current species diversity of Calaphidinae. Our reconstructions suggest that species diversification cannot solely be explained by speciation via host shifts and that geographical isolation probably also played a key role. Our results provide new insight into the natural classification and history of the host plant associations and biogeography of Calaphidinae s.l.
Variants of candidate genes associated with the risk of obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Yi Minhan , Tan Yun , Pi Yuze , Zhou Yicen , Fei Quanming , Zhao Wangcheng , Zhang Yuan 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe researches on the associations between different candidate genes and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are inconsistent. Here, we performed a comprehensive qualitative and quantitative analysis to estimate the contribution of variants from candidate genes to the risk of OSA.MethodsQualitative analysis was conducted to find the relationships for all included genes. Then, quantitative analysis of both allele models and genotype models was applied to evaluate the risk variants for OSA. Furthermore, a similar analysis was performed in different ethnic groups.ResultsWe included 152 publications containing 75 genes for qualitative analysis. Among them, we included 93 articles containing 28 variants from 16 genes for quantitative analysis. Through allele models, we found 10 risk variants for OSA (rs1801133 ofMTHFR,ɛ4 ofApoE, −1438G/A of5‐HT2A, −308G/A ofTNF‐α, Pro1019Pro ofLEPR, rs1130864 and rs2794521 ofCRP, D/I ofACE, LPR and VNTR of5‐HTT) with the ORs of 1.21–2.07 in global population. We found that the variant of ɛ2 ofApoEcould uniquely decrease the risk of OSA in the East Asian subgroup, while the other 6 variants, including ɛ4 inApoE, −308G/A inTNF‐α, Pro1019Pro inLEPR, D/I inACE, LPR and VNTR in5‐HTT, could increase the risk of OSA. As for the European subpopulation, we only found that −308G/A inTNF‐αcould increase the risk for OSA.ConclusionsEleven variants from the candidate genes are associated with the risk of OSA, which also show ethnicity differences in East Asian and European subgroups.
Putting parental overprotection into a family systems context: Relations of overprotective parenting with perceived coparenting and adolescent anxiety
Authors: Van Petegem Stijn , Albert Sznitman Gillian , Darwiche Joëlle , Zimmermann Grégoire 
Published: August 2021

AbstractPrevious research offers evidence for how overprotective parenting is related to psychosocial maladjustment among adolescents, and documents the parent‐related and child‐related antecedents of overprotective parenting. Using a family systems perspective, the present study aimed at extending this knowledge by looking into contextual determinants of overprotective parenting. More specifically, the goal of this study was to examine associations between adolescents’ perceptions of the coparental relationship (i.e., the way parental figures relate to each other in their role as parents) and overprotective parenting, which in turn was expected to relate to more adolescent anxiety symptoms. A sample of 174 Swiss adolescents (Mage =16.99 years, 73% girls) completed questionnaires assessing their perceptions of the coparental relationship (in terms of cooperation, conflict, and triangulation), overprotective parenting, and symptoms of anxiety. Analyses indicated that triangulation, in particular, was uniquely related to higher levels of overprotective parenting, which in turn was associated with more anxiety symptoms among adolescents. These results provide evidence for the importance of considering the larger family systems context for understanding the dynamics involved in overprotective parenting. Theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
Vegetation composition modulates the interaction of climate warming and elevated nitrogen deposition on nitrous oxide flux in a boreal peatland
Authors: Gong Yu , Wu Jianghua 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNorthern peatlands with large organic nitrogen (N) storage have the potential to be N2O hotspots under climate warming, elevated N deposition, and vegetation composition change caused by climate change. However, the interactions of these three factors and the primary controls on N2O fluxes in peatlands are not well‐known. Here, the three factors were manipulated in a boreal bog in western Newfoundland, Canada for 5 years. We found that warming mitigated the positive N effect on N2O fluxes in the mid‐growing season under intact vegetation owing to the increase of available N uptake by vegetation and less N for N2O production. In contrast, warming strengthened the N effect on N2O fluxes in the early growing season under the absence of graminoids or shrubs, which could be attributed to the increase of available carbon and nitrogen for N2O production. It should be noted that these effects were not observed under the condition of low carbon availability. In addition, gross primary production was found as a critical control on N2O fluxes under N addition. Our findings emphasize that the interaction of abiotic (warming and elevated nitrogen deposition) and biotic factors (vegetation composition change) on N2O fluxes should be taken into account in order to project N2O fluxes in peatland ecosystems accurately.
Effect of interfacial microstructure evolution on the peeling strength and fracture of AMB Cu‐metalized AlN substrate
Authors: Zhang Yukun , Zhang Jinsong , Chen Jichun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSilver‐titanium (Ag‐Ti) paste was used to prepare copper‐metalized aluminum nitride (AlN) substrate under 2 MPa by brazing. The effects of Ti concentration and brazing temperature on interfacial microstructure were evaluated. The evolution of the interfacial microstructure was examined based on six types of samples. The growth of TiN reaction layer at the AlN/Cu interface is from the island type to the continuous type, and then grows and thickens along the AlN grain boundary until the superficial AlN grains transform into TiN completely. The peeling strength increases as TiN reaction layer tends to be continuous, and reaches the maximum value of 34.6 N/mm. The copper‐metalized AlN substrates crack at the AlN ceramic, accompanied by the local plastic deformation of the copper foil, and then form the typical wave fracture. With further thickening of TiN reaction layer, the porous TiN layer becomes the weak link, and peeling strength decreased.