bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Congestive Heart Failure Exhibited Higher BMI With Lower Energy Intake and Lower Physical Activity Level: Data From the National Health and Examination Nutrition Survey
Authors: Xu Tianyu , Zhou Haobin , Ma Zhuang , Zhang Hao , Zeng Qingchun , Xu Dingli , Zhang Yuhui , Zhang Jian 
Published: June 2021

Background: Despite that nutritional deficiency existed in congestive heart failure (CHF), there is a large amount of CHF patients suffering from obesity. This study aimed to identify the differences for increased BMI or obesity in CHF patients.Methods: This cross-sectional study included adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2016. Differences were compared between CHF participants vs. non-CHF participants, and BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 vs. BMI &lt; 30 kg/m2 CHF participants.Results: CHF participants were with higher BMI, lower energy and macronutrient intake, lower physical activity level and longer rest time, and lower hematocrit and hemoglobin level (all P &lt; 0.05) than non-CHF participants. The prevalence of BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 in participants with CHF was 53.48%. There was no significant difference observed in energy and macronutrient intake between CHF participants with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 or &lt;30 kg/m2. The water intake (P = 0.032), sedentary time (P = 0.002), and hematocrit (P = 0.028) were significantly different between CHF with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and with &lt;30 kg/m2.Conclusion: Compared with non-CHF participants, CHF participants exhibited higher BMI with lower energy and macronutrient intake, lower physical activity level, longer rest time, and hemodilution with lower hematocrit and hemoglobin level. Among CHF participants with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, higher sedentary time and hematocrit were observed.
Myokine Responses to Exercise in a Rat Model of Low/High Adaptive Potential
Authors: Farrash Wesam F. , Phillips Bethan E. , Britton Steven L. , Qi Nathan , Koch Lauren G. , Wilkinson Daniel J. , Smith Ken , Atherton Philip J. 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionAssuming myokines underlie some of the health benefits of exercise, we hypothesised that ‘high responder trainer’ (HRT) rats would exhibit distinct myokine profiles to ‘low responder trainers’ (LRT), reflecting distinct health and adaptive traits.MethodsBlood was collected from LRT and HRT (N=8) rats at baseline (BL), immediately (0h), 1h, and 3h after running; repeated after 3-wks training. Myokines were analysed by ELISA (i.e. BDNF/Fractalkine/SPARC/Irisin/FGF21/Musclin/IL-6).ResultsAt baseline, Musclin (LRT: 84 ± 24 vs HRT: 26 ± 3 pg/ml, P=0.05) and FGF21 (LRT: 133 ± 34 vs HRT: 63.5 ± 13 pg/ml, P=0.08) were higher in LRT than HRT. Training increased Musclin in HRT (26 ± 3 to 54 ± 9 pg/ml, P&lt;0.05) and decreased FGF21 in LRT (133 ± 34 to 60 ± 28 pg/ml, P&lt;0.05). Training increased SPARC (LRT: 0.8 ± 0.1 to 2.1 ± 0.6 ng/ml, P&lt;0.05; HRT: 0.7 ± 0.06 to 1.8 ± 0.3 ng/ml, P=0.06) and Irisin (LRT 0.62 ± 0.1 to 2.6 ± 0.4 ng/ml, P&lt;0.01; HRT 0.53 ± 0.1 to 2.8 ± 0.7 ng/ml, P&lt;0.01) while decreasing BDNF (LRT: 2747 ± 293 to 1081 ± 330 pg/ml, P&lt;0.01; HRT: 1976 ± 328 to 797 ± 160 pg/ml, P&lt;0.05). Acute exercise response of Musclin (AUC) was higher in LRT vs HRT (306 ± 74 vs. 88 ± 12 pg/ml×3h-1, P&lt;0.01) and elevated in HRT after training (221 ± 31 pg/ml×3h-1, P&lt;0.01). Training elevated SPARC (LRT: 2.4 ± 0.1 to 7.7 ± 1.3 ng/ml×3h-1, P&lt;0.05; HRT: 2.5 ± 0.13 to 11.2 ± 2.2 ng/ml×3h-1, P&lt;0.001) and Irisin (LRT: 1.34 ± 0.3 to 9.6 ± 1.7 ng/ml×3h-1, P&lt;0.001; HRT: 1.5 ± 0.5 to 12.1 ± 1.9 ng/ml×3h-1, P&lt;0.0001).ConclusionExercise training alters how myokines are secreted in response to acute exercise. Myokine responses were not robustly linked to adaptive potential in aerobic capacity, making them an unlikely regulator of adaptive traits.
ADSC Exosomes Mediate lncRNA-MIAT Alleviation of Endometrial Fibrosis by Regulating miR-150-5p
Authors: Shao Xiaowen , Qin Jinlong , Wan Chendong , Cheng Jiajing , Wang Lian , Ai Guihai , Cheng Zhongping , Tong Xiaowen 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundSecondary infertility remains a major complication of endometrial fibrosis in women. The use of exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) has shown promising results for the treatment of endometrial fibrosis. However, the mechanisms of action of ADSC-exosome (ADSC-Exo) therapy remain unclear.Materials and MethodsAn endometrial fibrosis model was established in mice treated with alcohol and endometrial epithelial cells (ESCs) treated with TGF-β1. ADSCs were isolated from Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, and exosomes were isolated from ADSCs using ExoQuick reagent. Exosomes were identified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), NanoSight, and Western blot analysis. The expression level of lncRNA-MIAT was detected by qPCR analysis. Western blot analysis was carried out to determine the protein levels of fibrosis markers (TGFβR1, α-SMA, and CK19). A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the relationship between target genes. The endometrial tissues of the endometrial fibrosis model were stained with HE and Masson’s trichrome.ResultsADSCs and ADSC-Exos were successfully isolated, and the expression level of lncRNA-MIAT was significantly down-regulated in endometrial tissue and the TGF-β1-induced ESC injury model, whereas ADSC-Exos increased the expression of lncRNA-MIAT in the TGF-β1-induced ESC model. Functionally, ADSC-Exo treatment repressed endometrial fibrosis in vivo and in vitro by decreasing the expression of hepatic fibrosis markers (α-SMA and TGFβR1) and increasing the expression of CK19. Moreover, miR-150-5p expression was repressed by lncRNA-MIAT in the TGF-β1-induced ESC injury model. The miR-150-5p mimic promoted TGF-β1-induced ESC fibrosis.ConclusionADSC-Exos mediate lncRNA-MIAT alleviation of endometrial fibrosis by regulating miR-150-5p, which suggests that lncRNA-MIAT from ADSC-Exos may be a viable treatment for endometrial fibrosis.
Abnormal Liver Function Tests Were Associated With Adverse Clinical Outcomes: An Observational Cohort Study of 2,912 Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Lv Yong , Zhao Xiaodi , Wang Yan , Zhu Jingpu , Ma Chengfei , Feng Xiaodong , Ma Yao , Zheng Yipeng , Yang Liyu , Han Guohong , Xie Huahong 
Published: June 2021

Background and Aim: The impact of liver function test (LFTs) abnormality on adverse clinical outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of abnormal LFTs on clinical outcomes in a large cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.Methods: We retrospectively collected data on 2,912 consecutive patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to a makeshift hospital in China between 5 February and 23 March 2020. The association between LFTs abnormalities (baseline and peak values) and clinical outcomes was measured by using Cox regression models.Results: On admission 1,414 patients (48.6%) had abnormal LFTs, with alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) elevation in 662 (22.7%), 221 (7.6%), 52 (1.8%), 135 (4.6%), and 536 (18.5%) patients, respectively, and hypoalbuminemia in 737 (25.3%) patients. During a median 13 (IQR: 8–19) days of hospitalization, 61 patients (2.1%) died, 106 patients (3.6%) admitted to intensive care unit (ICU), and 75 patients (2.6%) required mechanical ventilation. After adjustment for confounders, baseline abnormal LFTs were independently associated with increased risks of mortality (adjusted HR 3.66, 95%CI 1.64–8.19, p = 0.002), ICU admission (adjusted HR 3.12 95%CI 1.86–5.23, p &lt; 0.001), and mechanical ventilation (adjusted HR 3.00, 95%CI 1.63–5.52, p &lt; 0.001), which was homogeneous across the severity of COVID-19 infection. Among the parameters of LTFs, the associations with the outcomes were more pronounced for AST and albumin abnormality. In contrast, ALT elevation was not significantly associated with those outcomes. Similar results were observed for peak values of LFTs during hospitalization.Conclusions: Abnormality of AST, albumin, TBIL, ALP, and GGT but not ALT were independently associated with adverse outcomes.
Blood Eosinophils and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis of Real-World Data in China
Authors: Cui Yanan , Zhan Zijie , Zeng Zihang , Huang Ke , Liang Chen , Mao Xihua , Zhang Yaowen , Ren Xiaoxia , Yang Ting , Chen Yan 
Published: June 2021

Background and Objective: Elevated eosinophils in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are recognized as a biomarker to guide inhaled corticosteroids use, but the value of blood eosinophils in hospitalized exacerbations of COPD remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of eosinophils in predicting clinical outcomes in acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).Methods: We analyzed data from the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease inpatient registry (ACURE) study, which is an ongoing nationwide multicenter, observational real-world study in patients admitted for AECOPD. Data collected between January 2018 and December 2019 in 163 centers were first reviewed. The eligible patients were divided into eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic groups, according to blood eosinophil with 2% of the total leukocyte count as the threshold. Propensity score (PS) matching was performed to adjust for confounders.Results: A total of 1,566 patients (median age: 69 years; 80.3% male) were included and 42.7% had an eosinophilic AECOPD. Eosinophil count &lt;2% was associated with the development of respiratory failure and pneumonia. After PS matching, 650 pairs in overall patients, 468 pairs in patients with smoking history and 177 pairs in patients without smoking were selected, respectively. Only in patients with smoking history, the non-eosinophilic AECOPD was associated with longer median hospital stays (9 vs. 8 days, P = 0.034), higher dosage of corticosteroid use, higher economic burden of hospitalization, and poorer response to corticosteroid therapy compared to the eosinophilic AECOPD. No significant difference was found in patients without smoking. Eosinophil levels had no relationship with the change of COPD Assessment Test scores and readmissions or death after 30 days.Conclusion: Elevated eosinophils were associated with better short-term outcomes only in patients with a smoking history. Eosinophil levels cannot be confidently used as a predictor alone for estimating prognosis.
Circulating Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Levels Are Associated With Risk of Both Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Song Lu , Söderholm Martin , Svensson Edith H. , Borné Yan , Engström Gunnar 
Published: June 2021

Background: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) has been associated with the risk of developing major bleedings, including but not restricted to intracranial hemorrhages, in patients on oral anticoagulants or dual antiplatelet therapy. We hypothesized that there may be an association of GDF-15 with incidence of hemorrhagic strokes in the general population, which has not been investigated before.Methods: Two different case-control studies, one for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and one for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), nested within the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer cohort, were defined using the incidence density sampling method. GDF-15 was analyzed in frozen blood samples taken at the baseline examination in 1991–1996. The associations between GDF-15 and incident ICH (220 cases, 244 controls) and incident SAH (79 cases, 261 controls), respectively, were explored using conditional logistic regression adjusting for risk factors.Results: GDF-15 levels at baseline were higher in both incident ICH and SAH cases, compared with their respective control subjects. After adjustment for risk factors, significant relationships with high GDF-15 concentrations were observed both for incident ICH (odds ratio (OR) per 1 log2 unit: 2.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.52–3.41; P = 7.1 × 10−5) and incident SAH (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.29–3.59; P = 0.0032).Conclusions: High circulating GDF-15 levels were associated with incident ICH and incident SAH, independently of the main risk factors.
Magnetic Resonance-Guided Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy of Liver Tumors: Initial Clinical Experience and Patient-Reported Outcomes
Authors: Weykamp Fabian , Hoegen Philipp , Klüter Sebastian , Spindeldreier C. Katharina , König Laila , Seidensaal Katharina , Regnery Sebastian , Liermann Jakob , Rippke Carolin , Koerber Stefan A. , Buchele Carolin , Debus Jürgen , Hörner-Rieber Juliane 
Published: June 2021

Purpose/ObjectiveStereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has emerged as a valid treatment alternative for non-resectable liver metastases or hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC). Magnetic resonance (MR) guided SBRT has a high potential of further improving treatment quality, allowing for higher, tumoricidal irradiation doses whilst simultaneously sparing organs at risk. However, data on treatment outcome and patient acceptance is still limited.Material/MethodsWe performed a subgroup analysis of an ongoing prospective observational study comprising patients with liver metastases or HCC. Patients were treated with ablative MR-guided SBRT at the MRIdian Linac in the Department of Radiation Oncology at Heidelberg University Hospital between January 2019 and February 2020. Local control (LC) and overall survival (OS) analysis was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method. An in-house designed patient-reported outcome questionnaire was used to measure patients’ experience with the MR-Linac treatment. Toxicity was evaluated using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE v. 5.0).ResultsTwenty patients (with n = 18 metastases; n = 2 HCC) received MR-guided SBRT for in total 26 malignant liver lesions. Median biologically effective dose (BED at α/β = 10) was 105.0 Gy (range: 67.2–112.5 Gy) and median planning target volume was 57.20 ml (range: 17.4–445.0 ml). Median treatment time was 39.0 min (range: 26.0–67.0 min). At 1-year, LC was 88.1% and OS was 84.0%. Grade I° gastrointestinal toxicity °occurred in 30.0% and grade II° in 5.0% of the patients with no grade III° or higher toxicity. Overall treatment experience was rated positively, with items scoring MR-Linac staff’s performance and items concerning the breath hold process being among the top positively rated elements. Worst scored items were treatment duration, positioning and low temperature.ConclusionMR-guided SBRT of liver tumors is a well-tolerated and well-accepted treatment modality. Initial results are promising with excellent local control and only mildest toxicity. However, prospective studies are warranted to truly assess the potential of MR-guided liver SBRT and to identify which patients profit most from this new versatile technology.
The lncRNA ADAMTS9-AS2 Regulates RPL22 to Modulate TNBC Progression via Controlling the TGF-β Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ni Kan , Huang Zhiqi , Zhu Yichun , Xue Dandan , Jin Qin , Zhang Chunhui , Gu Changjiang 
Published: June 2021

BackgroundLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) progression, but further work is needed to fully understand the functional relevance of these non-coding RNAs in this cancer type. Herein, we explored the functional role of the lncRNA ADAMTS9-AS2 in TNBC.MethodsNext-generation sequencing was conducted to compare the expression of different lncRNAs in TNBC tumor and paracancerous tissues, after which ADAMTS9-AS2differential expression in these tumor tissues was evaluated via qPCR. The functional role of this lncRNA was assessed by overexpressing it in vitro and in vivo. FISH and PCR were used to assess the localization of ADAMTS9-AS2within cells. Downstream targets of ADAMTS9-AS2 signaling were identified via RNA pulldown assays and transcriptomic sequencing.ResultsThe expression ofADAMTS9-AS2 was decreased in TNBC tumor samples (P &lt; 0.05), with such downregulation being correlated with TNM stage, age, and tumor size. Overexpressing ADAMTS9-AS2 promoted the apoptotic death and cell cycle arrest of tumor cells in vitro and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. From a mechanistic perspective, ADAMTS9-AS2 was found to control the expression of RPL22 and to thereby modulate TGF-β signaling to control TNBC progression.ConclusionADAMTS9-AS2 controls the expression of RPL22 and thereby regulates TNBC malignancy via the TGF-β signaling pathway.
Perspectives on Immunotherapy of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Dai Yongjiu , Zhao Wenhu , Yue Lei , Dai Xinzheng , Rong Dawei , Wu Fan , Gu Jian , Qian Xiaofeng 
Published: June 2021

Colorectal cancer, especially liver metastasis, is still a challenge worldwide. Traditional treatment such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been difficult to be further advanced. We need to develop new treatment methods to further improve the poor prognosis of these patients. The emergence of immunotherapy has brought light to mCRC patients, especially those with dMMR. Based on several large trials, some drugs (pembrolizumab, nivolumab) have been approved by US Food and Drug Administration to treat the patients diagnosed with dMMR tumors. However, immunotherapy has reached a bottleneck for other MSS tumors, with low response rate and poor PFS and OS. Therefore, more clinical trials are underway toward mCRC patients, especially those with MSS. This review is intended to summarize the existing clinical trials to illustrate the development of immunotherapy in mCRC patients, and to provide a new thinking for the direction and experimental design of immunotherapy in the future.
Magnetic Domain Structure in Ferromagnetic Kagome Metal DyMn6Sn6
Authors: Chen Zhaohui , Li Miao , Liu Caixing , Ma Zongwei , Han Yuyan , Gao Jianhua , Wei Wensen , Sheng Zhigao , Du Haifeng 
Published: June 2021

Two types of magnetic domains, that is, type-I domain belt domain and type-II new stripe domain, are observed in a kagome metal DyMn6Sn6 by microscopic magneto-optic Kerr imaging technique. From 255 to 235 K, the spin reorientation is observed directly in DyMn6Sn6. We analyze the structure of two types of domains through brightness distribution of the images. The type-II domain exists from 235 to 160 K by zero-field cooling (ZFC). At the same time, type-I domain and type-II domain coexist and transform into each other with variation of temperature. Type-II domains can easily transform into type-I domains when the temperature and magnetic field changes, and this process is irreversible. These results demonstrate that the type-I domain is more stable than the type-II domain. The phase diagram of magnetic domains in DyMn6Sn6 is obtained.
Results of Adrenalectomy for Isolated, Metachronous Metastasis of Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Illuminati Giulio , Pasqua Rocco , D'Ermo Giuseppe , Girolami Marco , Cerbelli Bruna , D'Amati Giulia , Carboni Fabio , Fiori Enrico 
Published: June 2021

Background and Aim: Metachronous, isolated adrenal metastases from breast cancer are extremely rare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of adrenalectomy as a treatment of this uncommon condition.Methods: Twelve female patients (median age: 68 years) underwent 13 adrenalectomies for isolated, metachronous metastases of breast cancer. Ten resections were performed thorugh open surgery and two were preformed through a laparoscopic approach. As main study endpoints, postoperative mortality, postoperative morbidity and disease-free survival were considered. Median length of follow-up was 40 months.Results: Postoperative mortality was absent. Postoperative morbidity was 17%: one patient presented a postoperative pneumothorax requiring drainage and one patient required re-hospitalization 8 days after contralateral adrenalectomy for electrolyte imbalance. Two patients died of recurrent metastatic disease, 28 and 33 months respectively after adrenalectomy. One patient remained alive with hepatic metastases at 32 months from resection of adrenal recurrence. All in all, disease-free survival at 48 months was 75%.Conclusions: Adrenalectomy for metachronous, isolated metastases of breast cancer can be performed with no postoperative mortality and minimal postoperative morbidity, enabling good long-term disease-free survival.
Development and Characterization of Apremilast Transethosomal Gel for Transdermal Delivery
Authors: Rahangdale Mrunal , Pandey Prachi 
Published: June 2021

The apremilast is anti-inflammatory drug and PDE-4 inhibitor, used in treatment of psoriasis. The oral route of apremilast has limitation of GI irritation and frequent dosage regimen.The objective of the present work was aimed to prepare transethosomal gel of apremilast to achieve more skin permeation, more drug entrapment efficiency and sustained release. The transethosome vesicle containing apremilast was prepared by using Rotary vacuum evaporator, followed by probe sonication. The Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the formulation by taking quantity of lipoid S 100, sodium cholate and ethanol as independent variable and vesicle size, entrapment efficiency and cumulative drug release as dependent variable. The optimized batch of transethosome vesicle was incorporated in 1 % of Carbopol gel base. The prepared optimized batch was evaluated for size, zeta potential, surface morphology, pH, viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, drug content and ex-vivo permeation studies. The result showed that optimized batch of transethosome was found to have vesicle size of 130.8 nm, entrapment efficiency of 62.83 % and cumulative drug release of gel 73.13 %. The transethosome vesicles were found to be spherical and uniform in size based on TEM analysis. The ex-vivo permeation studies were performed for 24 hrs through the rat skin. The formulation was found to show better skin permeation and sustained release. The formulation showed satisfactory result with respect to pH, gel characteristics and stability. Thus, can concluded that transethosomal gel containing apremilast could be an effective option for treatment of psoriasis.
Anorectal Manometry on Children: A Moroccan Series and Literature Review
Authors: DELSA HANANE , Serraj Ilham , Khalis Mohamed , Kabbaj Nawal 
Published: June 2021

Introduction and objectives: Anorectal manometry is a test that evaluates the function of the rectum,but also the anus. It is useful for the diagnosis of several conditions like fecal incontinence and constipation.In children these tests are being increasingly used for all ages.The aim of this study was to determine the benefit of anorectal manometry in children and to report our experience.
Material and Methods:Over a period of four years, 273children that underwent anorectal manometry were included in the study,their data and tests results were analyzed.
Results:Out of 273 patients included,68,5% were boys and 31,5% were girls.The mean age was 9 years.154patients(51,6%) had Fecal incontinence(Group1),75children(27,5%) had chronic constipation(Group2),and both of them(Group3) were reported in 37children(13,6%).An awake manometry was performed in 248children(91%) however this test under sedation allowed us the exclusion of Hirschsprung’s disease in 21children(84%).In group1, 25%patients had bad anal contraction.In groupe3, 21,6%children had bad anal contraction.The statistical analysis showed a significant difference in age(p=0.022) and resting pressure(p=0.050) between the three groups.Children with fecal incontinence had a higher rate of dyssynergy,80.2% and 83.8% in groups 1 and 3 respectively compared to 60.4% in patients with chronic constipation(p=0,852)
Conclusion:The gold standard for the exploration of children’s terminal constipation and encopresis is the anorectal manometry.It is an important tool to establish diagnosis.In our study, this test allow the exclusion of Hirschsprung’s disease in infants with constipation, in other hand we found a higher rate of dyssynergy in children with fecal incontinence(80%) which had allow us to propose a biofeedback therapy.