bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of rebinding rate and asymmetry in unbinding rate on cargo transport by multiple kinesin motors
Authors: Wang Yao , Liu Yu-Ying , Liang Jian , Wang Peng-Ye , Xie Ping 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Many intracellular transports are performed by multiple molecular motors in a cooperative manner. Here, we use stochastic simulations to study the cooperative transport by multiple kinesin motors, focusing mainly on effects of the form of unbinding rate versus force and the rebinding rate of single motors on the cooperative transport. We consider two forms of the unbinding rate. One is the symmetric form with respect to the force direction, which is obtained according to Kramers theory. The other is the asymmetric form, which is obtained from the prior studies for the single kinesin motor. With the asymmetric form the simulated results of both velocity and run length of the cooperative transport by two identical motors and those by a kinesin-1 motor and a kinesin-2 motor are in quantitative agreement with the available experimental data, whereas with the symmetric form the simulated results are inconsistent with the experimental data. For the cooperative transport by a faster motor and a much slower motor, the asymmetric form can give both larger velocity and longer run length than the symmetric form, giving an explanation for why kinesin adopts the asymmetric form of the unbinding rate rather than the symmetric form. For the cooperative transport by two identical motors, while the velocity is nearly independent of the rebinding rate, the run length increases linearly with the rebinding rate. For the cooperative transport by two different motors, the increase of the rebinding rate of one motor also enhances the run length of the cooperative transport. The dynamics of transport by N (N = 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) motors is also studied.
Damping-like effects in Heisenberg spin chain caused by the site-dependent bilinear interaction
Authors: Zhang Yu-Juan , Zhao Dun , Li Zai-Dong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We investigate a continuous Heisenberg spin chain equation which models the local magnetization in ferromagnet with time- and site-dependent inhomogeneous bilinear interaction and time-dependent spin-transfer torque. By establishing the gauge equivalence between the spin chain equation and an integrable generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation, we present explicitly a novel nonautonomous magnetic soliton solution for the spin chain equation. The results display how the dynamics of the magnetic soliton can be controlled by the bilinear interaction and spin-polarized current. Especially, we find that the site-dependent bilinear interaction may break some conserved quantity, and give rise to damping-like effect in the spin evolution.
Interplay of parallel electric field and trapped electrons in kappa-Maxwellian auroral plasma for EMEC instability
Authors: Nazeer M , Qureshi M N S , Shen C 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, propagation characteristics of electromagnetic electron cyclotron (EMEC) waves based on kappa-Maxwellian distribution have been investigated to invoke the interplay of the electric field parallel to the Earth’s magnetic field and auroral trapped electrons. The dispersion relation for EMEC waves in kappa-Maxwellian distributed plasma has been derived using the contribution of the parallel electric field and trapped electron speed. Numerical results show that the presence of the electric field has a stimulating effect on growth rate, which is more pronounced at low values of wave number. It is also observed that as the threshold value of trapped electron speed is surpassed, it dominates the effect of the parallel electric field and EMEC instability is enhanced significantly. The electric field acts as another source of free energy, and growth can be obtained even in the absence of trapped electron drift speed and for very small values of temperature anisotropy. Thus the present study reveals the interplay of the parallel electric field and trapped electron speed on the excitation of EMEC waves in the auroral region.
Asymmetric multiple-image cryptosystem based on LUP decomposition in spherical diffraction domain
Authors: Zhang Ziyi , Wang Jun , Wu Hanmeng , Zhu Zheng , Chen Xu-Dong , Hu Yuhen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this paper, an asymmetric multiple-image cryptosystem is proposed using LUP decomposition (LUPD) in the spherical diffraction (SpD) domain. To the best of our knowledge, the SpD transform is applied to the optical encryption for the first time. In the proposed cryptosystem, multiple grayscale images are encoded into a sparse and binary amplitude distribution with the cascaded LUPD and SpD transform. The matching private keys are generated by LUPD, which is convenient for administrative permissions by setting different numbers of private keys. Since LUPD and SpD are both non-linear processes, high security can be achieved to resist attacks such as the retrieval attack. In addition, up to 12 plaintext images can be encrypted with high decryption quality using the proposed cryptosystem. On the other side, the sparse and binary ciphertext can be stored or transmitted with 1/8 space compared with general 8-bit-grayscale ciphertext, which is a merit of using LUPD. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed asymmetric cryptosystem are verified by numerical simulation results.
A novel quantum neural network based on multi-level activation function
Authors: Niu Xu-Feng , Ma Wen-Ping 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Since the multi-level activation function quantum neural network (QNN) for pattern recognition was firstly proposed by Purushothaman and Karayiannis, more and more researches have been conducted on improving it. However, they all ignore that the QNN only uses multi-level activation function to simulate the concept of quantum superposition rather than really using quantum computing. In this paper, we propose a real QNN model based on multi-layer activation function. In addition, we present algorithms for updating weight parameters and quantum intervals, and also improve the learning algorithm for weight parameters using famous Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. We also use the QNN for lie detection, and the simulation results of MATLAB prove that the performance of the model based on the corresponding algorithm are very strong.
Dual-wavelength filamentation with a fraction of fundamental laser frequency as a wideband THz source
Authors: Nikolaeva I A , Shipilo D E , Panov N A , Kosareva O G 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We study the generation of terahertz (THz) radiation from a dual-color filament in air for a Ti:sapphire pump and with different wavelengths of the seed pulse using the unidirectional pulse propagation equation (UPPE). The local transient photocurrent model indicates that the most efficient THz generation corresponds to the seed with either halved or doubled pump frequency compared with the other seed frequencies studied. However, UPPE simulations reveal the crucial decrease in the effective interaction area of the pump and the seed pulses in the case of lower-frequency seeds, due to the strong diffraction of the seed radiation on the plasma obstacle formed by the pump pulse. As the result, the energy of THz radiation drops from 260 nJ for the double frequency to 7 nJ for the halved one.
The phase diagram of ultra quantum liquids
Authors: Son Dam Thanh , Stephanov Mikhail , Yee Ho-Ung 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We discuss the dependence of the phase diagram of a hypothetical isotope of helium with nuclear mass less than 4 atomic mass units. We argue that with decreasing nucleus mass, the temperature of the superfluid phase transition (about 2.2 K in real 4He) increases, while that of the liquid–gas critical point (about 5.2 K in real 4He) decreases. We discuss various scenarios that may occur when the two temperatures approach each other and the order parameters of the superfluid and the liquid–gas phase transitions interact with each other. The simplest scenario, in which both order parameters become critical at particular values of the nuclear mass, temperature, and pressure, can be ruled out through on an analysis of the Landau theory. We argue that in the most likely scenario, as the nuclear mass decreases, first, a tricritical point appears on the line separating the superfluid and the normal fluid phase, then the critical point disappears under the first-order part of superfluid phase transition line, and in the end the tricritical point disappears. The last change in the phase diagram occurs when the two-body scattering length crosses zero, which corresponds to the nuclear mass of about 1.55 u. We develop a quantitative theory that allows one to determine the phase diagram in the vicinity of this point. Finally, we discuss several ways to physically realize such liquids.
Typical relaxation of perturbed quantum many-body systems
Authors: Dabelow Lennart , Reimann Peter 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We substantially extend our relaxation theory for perturbed many-body quantum systems from ((2020) Phys. Rev. Lett.
124 120602) by establishing an analytical prediction for the time-dependent observable expectation values which depends on only two characteristic parameters of the perturbation operator: its overall strength and its range or band width. Compared to the previous theory, a significantly larger range of perturbation strengths is covered. The results are obtained within a typicality framework by solving the pertinent random matrix problem exactly for a certain class of banded perturbations and by demonstrating the (approximative) universality of these solutions, which allows us to adopt them to considerably more general classes of perturbations. We also verify the prediction by comparison with several numerical examples.
Application of soft regularized markov clustering for analyzing protein-protein interaction in sars-cov-2 and other related coronavirus
Authors: Pratiwi S A , Bustamam A , Sarwinda D 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Covid-19 is a global disease that has already infected people in the various parts of the world with increasing cases each day. So far, there has been around 20 million cases of Covid-19 that have occurred around the world. Furthermore, a lot of research has been conducted to overcome and cure this disease. One of the studies was uses protein-protein interactions (PPI) in Sars-Cov-2 and other coronavirus to analyze the interactions on the virus which can be used to find out more about how this virus interacts with each other. In this study, we used Markov Clustering (MCL) to analyze this virus. There are many variations of Markov Clustering that have been used in various studies, one of the variations that used in this study is Soft Regularized Markov Clustering (SR-MCL). This model is used to ensure that modules on protein interactions do not overlap and can be used for better analysis. The result shows that SR-MCL can be used to determine the cluster from PPI of Sars-Cov-2 and the other related coronavirus.
Classification of rice leaf diseases using artificial neural network
Authors: Gunawan P A , Kencana E N , Sari K 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRice is one of the important food crops for humans. The yield of this crop is affected by several factors, one of them is climate change. The irregularities of climate can cause the crops were infected by various diseases. By knowing the diseases through its unusual characteristics, fast remedial actions could be expected. The purpose of this essay is to find the best artificial neural network (ANN) architecture in classifying brown spot and leaf smut diseases on rice crops, two common types of diseases attack rice plant, based on the leaf images. Two features of rice leaf images i.e. shape and color were extracted to classify both diseases. The result of this research demonstrated the best ANN architecture to classify the diseases is the architecture with 4 neurons in the input layer, 5 neurons in one single hidden layer, and one neuron in the output layer. This architecture has accuracy as much as 66.3 percent.
Sentiment analysis towards Jokowi`s government using twitter data with convolutional neural network method
Authors: Tsaniya H , Rosadi R , Abdullah A S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this current digital era, internet has become commonly uses in the society, it become an important aspect in life, one of its function are as a communication platform and channel for public opinion. In which utilize social media platforms. Indonesia really active in communication and conveyor expression using social media. In such a way that indonesia’s government takes advantage of it as a way to communicate and get feedback from indonesian people. In this research, as jokowi lead his second periode as a president of indonesian’s government, we try to see how indonesian sentiment toward his leadership. Using Convolutional Neural Network method from 7228 row data crawled from twitter obtained 38% positive sentiment, 51% negative sentiment, and 18% neutral sentiment. Overall we have 57% prediction accuracy using CNN model.
Global stability of varicella model
Authors: Nugraha E S , Hidayat D 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Varicella is a disease caused by the varicella-zooster virus. This disease is common in children under 10 years of age and is not a fatal condition. However, some cases of varicella in adults are more dangerous because they can cause pneumonia. Here, discussion about analysis of varicella epidemic model is presented. This model is expressed in the form of 6th order differential equation with state variables as follows susceptible, exposed, infected, quarantine, recovered, and vaccination. Apart vaccination and isolation intervention, this model also consider disinfectant spray an¡d ventilation. Our analysis shows that varicella dynamic behavior depends on the basic reproduction number (R
0). The model has two equilibria, namely, free disease and endemic equilibria. By using the Lyapunov function, we demonstrate that when R
0 ≤1, disease-free is globally asymptotically stable, and when R
0
> 1 disease-free becomes unstable while endemic is globally asymptotically stable. This results indicate more effective each intervention, the better the control of varicella.
Effects of reactive nitrogen gases on the aerosol formation in Beijing from late autumn to early spring
Authors: Wen Zhang , Xu Wen , Pan Xingyi , Han Mengjuan , Wang Chen , Benedict Katie , Tang Aohan , Collett Jr Jeffrey Lee , Liu Xuejun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
To investigate the formation and evolution mechanism of haze pollution in Beijing cold days, we measured reactive nitrogen gases (e.g. NH3 and HNO3), SO2 and major water-soluble inorganic ions of PM2.5 simultaneously in a two-year (from November to April) study. We found that NH3 and NO3
− have the highest concentrations among the gaseous precursors and inorganic components of PM2.5, respectively. The total NH
x
(gaseous NH3 and particle NH4
+) was mostly in excess the need to neutralize acid compounds. During the whole study period, the aerosol pH with an average value of 4.05. From normal period into haze episodes, the aerosol pH tends to decrease and the concentration of all species (gases and particles) increases. Meanwhile, declined gas fractions exhibited that enhanced partitioning from HNO3, NH3 and SO2 to their corresponding particle phases. Under the heavy haze period, most HNO3 (79%) has entered into NO3
−, about 41% NH3 remaining as free NH3, while only about 51% of SO2 has been oxidized to SO4
2−, implying the severe Nr pollution in atmosphere of Beijing in winter. Further analysis shows relative humidity (RH) plays an important driving role on the SNA (sulfate (SO4
2−), nitrate (NO3
−), ammonium (NH4
+)) formation and particulate NO3
− formed at a relatively low RH (20%–60%) and SO4
2− at a high RH (40%–80%). Thus, synchronized abatement of multi-pollutants emissions especially for NH3 emission reduction at a regional scale is necessary for mitigating megacities ambient PM2.5 pollution and achieving the UN sustainable development goal through improving N use efficiency in agriculture.
Induced plant immunity as a factor of an integrated winter wheat disease protection system
Authors: Michno L A , Schutko A P , Tuturzhans L V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The study deals with the system of integrated protection of winter wheat against phytopathogenic organisms. This includes the use of quaternary ammonium compounds combined with nanosilver in two stages: 1) pre-sowing treatment of seeds with the tank mixture of fungicide (difenoconazole + cyproconazole) and didecyldimethylammonium bromide enriched by nanosilver (0.15 %); 2) spraying of plants with immunity inducer at the end of the tillering – the beginning of booting. The leading role both in terms of protection and yield capacity belongs to early spring spraying with didecyldimethylammonium bromide enriched by nanosilver (0.3 %). This technique allowed obtaining the biological yield of winter wheat equal to 9.52 t/ha.
Effectiveness of polyfunctional microbial preparations in growing Pisum sativum L. in the South of Russia
Authors: Didovich S V , Ptashnik O P , Pashtetskiy V S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The possibility of obtaining high yields of pea (Pisum sativum L.) with bacterial pre-sowing treatment without the use of mineral fertilizers in the steppe zone of the Crimea was shown. Effectiveness of microbial preparations in unfavorable climatic conditions in 2015, 2017 and favorable conditions in 2016 in the steppe zone of the Crimea was determined. On average, for 2015-2017, the use of pre-sowing treatment with Cyano-rhizobial consortium was provided a significant increase in 1000 seeds weight by 18.92 g (8.7%) compared to the variant with a mineral fertilizer Amophos (Duncan’s test, p = 0.000053). Application of polyfunctional complex Rhizobofit + Phosfoenterin + Biopolicyd and Cyano-rhizobial consortium contributed to a significant increase in seed yield by 0.14-0.16 t/ha (5.47-6.257%) compared to a mineral fertilizer Amophos (Duncan’s test, p = 0.000077; p = 0.000226). These preparations are recommended for growing pea in the steppe zone of the Crimea.
Biotechnology for the production of Iris spuria L. plant material with a specified content of extractives
Authors: Tikhomirova L I , Ponomareva J V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The study was aimed at the establishment of stock plant material of Iris spuria L. (Art And Soul) through biotechnological methods and its primary phytochemical analysis. For the first time, a series of studies aimed at multiplying plant materials Iris spuria L. (Art And Soul) resulted in the development of culture media and cultivation schemes. In the stage of micropropagation as such, the most optimal content in culture media was found to be 2.5-5.0 µm BAP. To ensure a more complete realization of morphogenetic potentials, it is necessary to alternate phytohormone and hormone-free media. In this case, L-glutamine and adenine sulfate should be added to hormone-free media in the amount of 100 mg/l (MS+100 mg/l L-glutamine+100 mg/l adenine sulfate). Qualitative and quantitative compositions of extractives removed in a Soxhlet apparatus from the technological plant material of Iris spuria depends on the solvent polarity. The amount of extractives increases with accelerated solvent polarity (96% ethanol → 60% ethanol → water). In this case, phenols, condensed and hydrolyzable tannins, alkaloids, glycosides were extracted. The study proves the relationship between the accumulation of quercetin and the hormonal composition of culture media, which allows for the regulation of these polyphenols being accumulated in the production of the plant material of Iris spuria L. (Art And Soul).
Developing a technology for ground meat low-fat semi-products
Authors: Danyliv M M , Vasilenko O A , Ozherelyeva O N , Stanislavskaya E B 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
In this research work, a method of technology for ground meat products with a low fat content is presented. The authors studied the market of ground meat semi-finished products of the Voronezh region (Russia). The analysis showed that 43.75 % of the sold semi-products contain no more than 15 % of fat, 20.83 % contain no more than 15–20 % of fat, 16.67 % – 20–25 %, 14.58 – 25–30 %, 4.17 % – 40 %. Using mathematical modeling, the recipes for new ground semi-finished products were developed and their desirability function was determined, which amounted to 0.94 for Domashnie legkie rissoles, 1.04 for Babushkiny plus rissoles, and 0.86 for Govyazhii dieticheskie (beef diet) rissoles, which is within normal limits. The study of the fatty acid composition of the fat from the produced rissoles showed a shift in the balance of fatty acids towards unsaturated ones and an increase in the omega 3-6-9 complex by 7.7 %.
Changes in humus content in forest-steppe soils of Western Siberia
Authors: Bobrenko I A , Matveychik O A , Bobrenko E G , Popova V I 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The research is based on the results of local monitoring in 1990-2018 on reference plots of agricultural lands and archival materials of a large-scale agrochemical survey. The purpose of the research is to identify patterns of change in the humus content of arable soils of the forest-steppe in the Omsk region after prolonged use in agriculture. The objects of research were the soils of the forest-steppe zone of the Omsk Region: ordinary chernozem low-power low-humus heavy loamy soil; meadow-chernozem medium-thick medium-humus heavy loamy soil; solonetz meadow chernozemic deep low humus clay soil. The largest area on the last round of agrochemical survey of 1194.3 thousand ha (58.9%) has an average humus content (4.1-6.0%), it increased significantly from 784.5 thousand ha (38.7%). The increased and high (> 6%) humus content significantly decreased over the study period by 416.5 thousand ha from 1118.5 (55.1%) to 702.0 thousand ha (34.6% of the surveyed area). The weighted average humus content over 28 years has changed: from 6.2 to 6.0% in the northern forest-steppe, from 6.0 to 5.3% in the southern forest-steppe, on average it is by 0.5%. A tendency toward a decrease in the humus content of soils remains in the soils of the Omsk Priirtyshye region. The main reason for this is both the ongoing water and wind erosion of soils, and the very low level of organic fertilizers use. The authors revealed the gradual decrease in the content of humus in ordinary chernozems and meadow chernozem soils. There was a stable humus content in the arable horizon of the solonetzes of deep meadow-chernozem soils.
Specular-reflection photonic hook generation under oblique illumination of a super-contrast dielectric microparticle
Authors: Geints Yu E , Zemlyanov A A , Minin I V , Minin O V 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The possibility of overcoming the critical condition for localized photonic nanojet (PNJ) upon plane optical wave diffraction at mesoscale dielectric particle, which is commonly known as ‘the refractive index contrast is less than two’, was recently reported in our works. To this end, the novel geometrical scheme of PNJ generation in ‘reflection mode’ was proposed recently based on a super-contrast microparticle

(
n
≈
2
)

placed near a flat mirror. In this paper, through the numerical FDTD calculations of optical near-field structure of 2D and 3D dielectric microparticles (cylinder, sphere) we extend our considerations to the case of oblique particle-at-mirror illumination and present new physical phenomena arising in the considered photonic geometry. Specifically, we report on the generation of a quasi-retrograde PNJ which follows the inclined particle illumination and propose a new principle for obtaining a curvilinear photonic flux in the form of a ‘specular-reflection photonic hook’ (s-Hook) in the opposite to the illuminated wavevector direction. Two different regimes of s-Hook formation are analyzed by changing the direction of light incidence on a dielectric particle and by flat mirror inclination. Self-bending property of PNJ at oblique illumination is investigated.