bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An automatic procedure for crop mapping using agricultural monitoring
Authors: Vijayalakshmi R , Thangamani M , Ganthimathi M , Ranjitha M , Malarkodi P 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
IoT and Machine Learning are emerging techniques used in existing days. Agriculture plays a vital role in human survival. Mapping crop according to the current environment is important to improve agriculture. pH sensors, dielectric soil moisture Sensors, mechanical sensors, optical sensors, electro-chemical sensors and air flow sensors are used in this proposed system to gather data about the soil and supervised Learning associated with Association algorithm are used to analyze and predict which crop maps to the soil in the present circumstances. Ensemble Technique is integrated to make accurate classification to select the type of crop. Technology combining both IoT and Machine learning are used to improve the production of the crop which proportionally helps to improve the agricultural yield.
Water Wave Optimization Based Data Clustering Model
Authors: Kaur Arvinder , Kumar Yugal 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper presents data clustering model by adopting water wave optimization (WWO) algorithm. In recent times, metaheuristics have gained significance to improve the efficiency of clustering algorithms. Cluster accuracy results express the effectiveness of the clustering algorithm. In this work, WWO is adopted to improve the accuracy for data clustering. On the basis of WWO, clustering model has been proposed. The proposed algorithm aims to improve data clustering accuracy. Several standard datasets from UCI repository are considered for assessing the simulation results and results are evaluated using accuracy and f-score. The Friedman test is applied for statistical analysis to validate the proposed model. Experimental results proved that proposed clustering model succeeds to achieve higher accuracy rate.
Recent Developments in Bat Algorithm: A Mini Review
Authors: Kaur Arvinder , Kumar Yugal 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In present time, meta-heuristic algorithms have been widely adopted for solving diverse classes of optimization problems. These procedures/algorithms have advantage over classical algorithms due to strong exploration and exploitation capabilities. In recent time, a Bat algorithm is developed on the basis of echolocation characteristics of bat. This algorithm has applicability to solve number of constrained and unconstrained optimization problems. The bat algorithm gives state of art results as compared to same class of metaheuristics. The objective of this paper is to explore bat algorithm in terms of modifications, improvements, search strategies and nature of problems being solved. Hence, this paper presents the mini review on bat algorithm. Further, the applicability of bat algorithm in diverse filed has been discussed.
VG3 Cipher for Secure Image Transmission
Authors: Kaushik A , Thada V , Singh J 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The rampant growth of Internet and communication has revolutionized the way people communicate and it has led to rapid enhancement in modern information warfare. The world around us requires the information security more than ever before due to copious reasons primarily being the importance of financial and personal data which can be utilized by the malicious hackers to gain undue advantage. Out of innumerable methodologies available for data safeguarding, cryptography has always been an indispensable tool. However, the changing ways of cyber-attacks demand an upgraded cryptographic version that can handle potential attacks on media of myriad data types. This paper proposes one such encrypting technique which is based on biological methods and used principally for the encoding of digital images based on amalgamation of DNA encryption and Rubik’s cube.
A state-of-art review on Bladeless Wind Turbine
Authors: Tandel R , Shah S , Tripathi S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
As a result of continuous depletion of non-renewable energy sources, new methods of harvesting energy are being developed. A unique way of harvesting wind energy, namely Bladeless Wind Turbine (BWT) is discussed in this paper. It differs from conventional turbine by harvesting energy through Vortex Induced Vibration (VIV) which is safe and quiet in operation. It has no bearings, gears or any rotating device hence it has low maintenance cost and high life. The scope of BWT as the renewable energy source varies from offshore to wind farms considering the availability of high intensity winds. BWT is a trio of diverse engineering branches: Electrical Engineering, Fluid Dynamics and Mechanics of Solids that often makes it nonlinear as well as complex. This article includes a basis for vortex-induced vibrations, dynamic modelling, components of BWT and energy harvesting unit. Optimum shape to harvest the energy is outlined in combination with mathematical model of the turbine. Various modes to harness vibrational energy, including different orientations and surface extensions, to widen the operating range and increase performance are covered in the review. This paper is a complete outline of BWT which shows the advancement of technology from VIV to commercially available products.
Computer Aided Design of Tractor operated Pea Pod Picker
Authors: Bhad R , Goyal R , Singh M , Jain L , Singh S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
India isn’t just the biggest consumer of green peas, yet in addition it takes second place in worldwide green pea cultivation, following China. The area under peas in India was 540.5 thousand hectares in 2017-18. Presently, green pea crop is cultivated on approximate thirty-five thousand hectares in Punjab. Out of this 90% area is cultivated under early maturing variety of green pea. Picking of green pea is labor intensive. Therefore, to lower the involvement of manual labor, mechanized picking of pod is required. A conceptual design of tractor operated pea pod picker was done by keeping in view the harvesting of AP-3 pea variety and agronomic practices. Based upon review, important operational and design parameters were selected for the study. A computer aided design of pea pod picker was done. All the sub-assemblies like crop guide, picking drum, belt conveyor and aspirator were created using Creo 3.0 software (Make: PTC Creo) at PAU, Ludhiana. Based upon 2D drawings, a tractor operated pea pod picker was developed and fabricated.
Hypergraph based Unsupervised Contextual Pattern Learning and Anomaly Detection for Global Terrorism Data
Authors: Toshniwal Akanksha , Mahesh Kavi , Jayashree R 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In a dataset, an event which deviates from the rest of the dataset is a rare event. This rare event can be intrusion or any suspicious activity in the system and is called an anomaly. These anomalies are important to detect because this may be any terrorist attack, outbreak of the disease, malfunctioning or fraud in the system. Anomalies are the deviation from the normal patterns in the dataset. It is important to learn the normal patterns in order to identify the deviation. Labelled data in real life anomaly detection is not available due to rarity of anomalies. It is challenging to identify anomalous combinations and combinatorial patterns of feature instances using conventional machine learning algorithms. We introduce Hypergraph based Unsupervised Contextual Pattern Learning and Anomaly Detection (HUCPLAD) technique for unlabeled datasets and implemented on Global Terrorism Data (GTD). HUCPLAD gets rid of the curse of dimensionality, maintains hierarchy, learns the contextual pattern, detects contextual anomalies and measures the behavior of co-occurring events.
Class Schedule Generation using Evolutionary Algorithms
Authors: Kakkar Mohit Kumar , Singla Jajji , Garg Neha , Gupta Gourav , Srivastava Prateek , Kumar Ajay 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Timetabling problem is known as an NP-hard problem that centres around finding an optimized allocation of subjects onto a finite available number of slots and spaces. It is perhaps the most challenging issues looked by colleges around the globe. Every academic institution faces a problem when preparing courses and exam plans. There are many restrictions raised while preparing a timetable. This paper proposed a method based on the evolutionary algorithms to solve the constrained timetable problem, which helps to create theory as well as lab schedule for universities. A smart adaptive mutation scheme is used to speed up convergence and chromosome format is also problem specific. Here in this paper two algorithms are compared in respect of Timetabling problems. Using GA (Genetic Algorithm) and MA (Memetic algorithm), we optimised the output by selecting the best solution from the available options to present a comprehensive curriculum system.
Improving Crisis Event Detection Rate in Online Social Networks Twitter Stream using Apache Spark
Authors: Bhuvaneswari A , Jayanthi R , Lakshmi Meena A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Microblogging is a vital emerging practice among the online users for disseminating information about onset events to establish and enable the fastest communication. In specific, event detection in Twitter streams is a critical task due to continuous scrutiny of stream of events which tremendously demands the instantaneous discovery of anomalies happen on an extensive period of time and spatial information. Event detection and tracking during crisis in huge Twitter stream undergoes critical trials, such as the dynamic feature patterns, imbalanced samples on keywords, hashtags, temporal and spatial geographic heterogeneity in location-of-interest. In this research article, onset event detection framework using topic modelling is proposed in streaming window that addresses dynamic feature patterns challenges. The experiments are carried out in Apache Spark Latent Dirichlet Allocation technique i.e., S-LDA algorithm in Spark environment, which process non-probabilistic streaming dynamic featured corpus. The onset event topics are validated with high accuracy. The proposed system takes dispensation time delay for processing the initial data stream containing tweets is after 192 ms. The system averagely confirms the event detection after 75-100 milliseconds in comparing with its real timestamps.
Optimization of process parameters for Surface Roughness and Material Removal Rate of H13 die tool steel for wire EDM using Taguchi Technique
Authors: Deshwal Monika , Deshwal Dinesh , Kumar Pardeep , Bhardwaj Vishnu 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this paper, Study on Material expulsion rate and Surface Roughness of H13 die tool using Wire cut EDM process is focused. H 13 chromium hot work steel is far and wide used in hot and freezing work tooling purpose. Due to its excellent amalgamation of high robustness and fatigue resistance H13 is used more than any supplementary tool steel in tooling applications. The H-13 hot die-hard substance dimension 103.70 mm x 13.95 mm has been utilized as a work section substance in favor of the current research, wire electrode of brass having standard diameter 0.25 mm is used as electrode. Four Parameters (TON, TOFF, WF and voltage) are chose to consider its impact on cutting rate and surface harshness. Taguchi Plan of technique is used in the experimentation & analyze by Minitab 15 programming. Observations brings voltage is the most noteworthy boundaries on SR where Ton and Toff are less critical and also observed that MRR amplify with enhance in Ton and WF and diminish on escalating of Vg and Toff.
Enhancing students’ level of thinking skills through integrative multi-Modal strategy in teaching mathematics
Authors: Asotigue A B 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Mathematics teaching requires an in-depth content knowledge and skills in the delivery of the lessons. This study determine the effects of using the Integrative Multi-Modal Strategy (IMSS) on the level of thinking skills of two intact sections of third year high school students. The subjects of the study were carefully matched in pairs according to their previous grades in Math and English. A combined quantitative and qualitative method of research was employed. A researcher-made test consisted of a – 12 item open-ended problems in Mathematical Thinking Skills Test (MTST) was used. It was administered successively to both groups prior to the experimental instruction. Results showed that the difference in mean ranks in the level of thinking skills of the experimental and control group was found to be significant. The experimental group posted higher achievement in the MTST as compared to the control group. The overall performance of the experimental group in the MTST is better and attained the developed level of mathematical thinking. This strategy as used in a mathematics classroom, provides teachers the opportunity to develop IMMS activities that enhance students’ level of thinking skills.
Applying Mamdani’s method to categorize mathematical literacy of public middle school students in Kupang
Authors: Fointuna D W 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The study objective was to describe the application of Mamdani’s fuzzy inference method to the categorization of public middle school students’ mathematical literacy in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. Having been done not only because of the low achievement of Indonesian 15-year-old students in PISA, but the research has also become the answer to the lack of surveys regarding students’ mathematical literacy in Kupang. Consequently, this study provides valid and actual data that the government should refer to. As many as 377 respondents of ninth-grade students from public schools were selected using a two-stage cluster randomized sampling so that they could best represent six districts in Kupang. Their ability was evaluated by fifteen math literacy problems adopted from PISA 2012 and the products of some development research; as a result, the reliability could be assured. At the fuzzification stage, scores obtained from three process domains of math literacy: formulating, employing, and interpreting, became the crisp input since those domains were the input variables. After being analyzed, the scores then produced crisp output indicating student mathematical literacy–as the output variable–at the defuzzification stage. Overall, public middle school students’ mathematical literacy in Kupang was classified as a low group.
Discovery learning rise student’s activeness and understanding compound figure area
Authors: Subagis J 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn elementary school, activeness and understanding is prime factor to learn mathematic joyfully and succesfuly. Both has strong relationship factor to master mathematic well. Low student interest in mathematics affect in activeness in participating in the learning process. Understanding mathematics is not easy for sixth-grade student of Lipursari elementary school due to its complexcity. This is caused by improperly of instructional media and approaches with the material being studied. It is a descriptive qualitative action research. This study aims to determine the increase in student activeness and understanding using a discovery learning approach and manipulatives media. This research was conducted in class VI SD Negeri Lipursari, Leksono District, 2019/2020 academic year. The research subjects were 19 students consisting of 9 male and 10 females. First lesson was carried out using manipulative media in large groups (4 students) and second one in small groups (2-3 students). Data collection techniques using test, interview and observation. The observation sheet is used to determine the increase in activity. Meanwhile, the understanding of the combined plane area material is known through tests. The data analysis technique used a comparative descriptive method. The results showed that discovery learning can increase the activeness of the sixth-grade students of SD Negeri Lipursari in the first semester of the 2019/2020 academic year. Student’s activeness rate increased from 2.57 to 3.04. Their understanding score of compound figure increased from 64.9 to 68.6. The rxycorrelation coefficient shows 0.546200 in the first lesson and 0.507962 in the second lesson. Base on this study, the researcher define Discovery learning is a method that becomes a solution for teachers and students to be able to present learning that is friendly, flexible, student-oriented and able to show how to think and how to solve math problems logically and creatively. The results of the study showed that students’ activity and understanding of the broad materials of the compound figure area increased using the discovery learning approach.
Perceptions of pre-service teachers about outdoor learning for STEM Education in early childhood education
Authors: Khwaengmek V , Pitiporntapin S , Pimthong P , Bukatunyoo O 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis study explored pre-service teachers’ perceptions of outdoor learning for STEM education. The 29 pre-service teachers were asked to respond with opened questionnaire about teaching experience information for STEM outdoor learning and ideas of how to implement outdoor learning in STEM education. Data were analysed using a qualitative analysis. Qualitative data analysis was analysed by content analysis methods. The finding indicates that pre-service teachers’ perceptions about outdoor learning for STEM-related with these three ways: a local place in the community, cooperation with people in the community, and knowledge of how to integrate activity within the things around the community. They think outdoor learning provides an authentic context for students to solve real-world problems and develop problem-solving skills. Their perceptions also show the way of how to integrate the nature of STEM with outdoor learning and how to connect STEM disciplines with outdoor learning.
Indonesian students’ STEM career motivation: a study focused on gender and academic level
Authors: Sya’bandari Y , Aini R Q , Rusamana A N , Ha M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The STEM field faces challenges related to uncertainties about the number and composition of skilled workforce. Measuring STEM career motivation (STEM-CM) of students at an early grade is crucial to improve the quality of science learning and to engage more students in STEM fields. This study focuses on the gender and academic level issues related to STEM career motivation. A total of 1583 elementary and middle school students participated in investigating two research questions: (1) Do gender and academic level impact students’ STEM career motivation? (2) How to classify students based on their STEM-CM? This study revealed that gender was not significantly related to STEM-CM. Nonetheless, academic level impacted significantly with STEM-CM where students’ motivation declined from elementary to middle school. Furthermore, the clustering method elicited five groups of students for consideration in designing STEM teaching activities. The influenced factors of students’ motivation for STEM careers were discussed. Finally, customized learning to improve student engagement in STEM was recommended.
Students’ perspectives on Batik Cirebon for high school chemistry embedded STEM learning
Authors: Anugrah I R 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Batik Cirebon is one of Indonesia’s potential local wisdom contexts that can be used in Chemistry high school STEM-based instruction. However, it is necessary to educationally reconstruct the context first so that its scientific content is suitable to be delivered to students. This research was a preliminary study that explored students’ perspectives of batik Cirebon context as one of the stages in educational reconstruction. Model of Educational Reconstruction was used as a basis for reconstructing batik Cirebon context. Students’ perspectives were explored through in-depth questionnaire towards 14 respondents about: STEM education; their preconceptions about scientific content of batik and its related chemical concepts; and their interest of implementing batik context in Chemistry embedded-STEM instruction. Analysis of students’ perspectives was carried out based on the hermeneutic-analytic method. The results of this study indicated that students’ preconceptions about chemical concepts related to batik context were still far from its correct scientific conceptions. Even so, respondents showed positive attitude towards the possibility of implementing STEM learning in high school chemistry. These findings are important as references in further educational reconstruction research of batik Cirebon context for Chemistry embedded-STEM learning, such as the instructional materials and also its learning strategy and evaluation.
Improving the ability of Miftahul Huda Islamic elementary school students to face the 21st century with the application of STEM in learning curriculum 2013
Authors: Susilowati T 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper aims to determine the effect of the application of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) in the 2013 curriculum learning to improve students’ abilities in facing century skills at Miftahul Huda Islamic Elementary School, Siwatu, Watumalang, Wonosobo-Central Java. The target of this research is students of grade VI (six) at Miftahul Huda Islamic Elementary School. The problem is solved in five stages of activities, namely preparation, pre-test, implementation, post-test, and evaluation. Preparation is done by compiling the instruments that will be given to students and testing the validity and reliability of the instruments. The pre-test is carried out by distributing instruments according to the topic without the application of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) in learning. Implementation is done by applying STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) in learning. The Post Test is carried out after the implementation of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) learning. Based on the data obtained in the research, the application of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) in the learning is effective in improving 21st century skills at Miftahul Huda Islamic Elementary School. STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) will teach critical, creative, communicative, and collaborative thinking from an early age.
Improving effectiveness learning solar system through mind mapping strategy with mase paper ball and flashcard
Authors: Priyatin R 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Natural Science Lessons emphasize providing direct experience, to develop competencies in order to explore and understand the natural surroundings scientifically. It is taught to equip students to have knowledge (knowing various ways) and skills (how to do it) that can help students to understand natural phenomena in depth. However, in the learning process, students still have difficulty understanding of the solar system. Inadequate media and conventional learning processes make students’ enthusiastic in participating in learning still low, and this makes learning not as expected by the teacher. In the solar system topic, the teacher expects students to be able to understand the position of the planets in the solar system in order and correctly. The strategy used in the learning process is to apply two-dimensional mind mapping using mase paper balls made of pulp and flashcards made by the teacher. The goal that is expected in the learning process using these strategies and media is to increase the effectiveness of student learning. The research was conducted using the R and D (Research and Development) method using the ADDIE model development method (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Effective learning is active, creative and fun learning for students so that learning outcomes increase. Effectiveness is the level of success achieved from implementing a strategy and learning media, in this case measured from student learning outcomes. The results of the final assessment are in the form of a process assessment and a final assessment.