bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can zooplankton species be used as indicators of trophic status and ecological potential of reservoirs?
Authors: Muñoz-Colmenares Manuel E. , Soria Juan M. , Vicente Eduardo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe European Water Framework Directive implements the policies to achieve a good ecological status of all European waterbodies. To determine the ecological potential in freshwater environments, abiotic (morphology, physical and chemical variables) and biotics (algae, fishes, etc.) metrics are used. Despite their importance in trophic web, zooplankton was not included as one of the Biological Quality Elements (BQE) to determine the water quality. In the present research, we studied the zooplankton species that can be considered as indicators of trophic status and ecological potential for more than 60 water reservoirs. The data were obtained from more of 300 samples collected during 10 years from reservoirs at Ebro River watershed, which is the largest basin in Spain. According to their physicochemical and biological elements, the trophic status and ecological potential of these reservoirs were established. More than 150 zooplankton species were identified during the study. The results from this research indicate that species that are related with low water quality are: Acanthocyclops americanus, Ceriodaphnia spp., Daphnia cucullata, Daphnia párvula, Diaphanosoma brachyurum, Brachionus angularis, Keratella cochlearis and Phompolyx sulcata. An indicator of moderate quality was Bosmina longirostris, while Daphnia longispina, Ascomorpha ovalis and Ascomorpha saltans were considered as indicators of good water quality. The data obtained suggest that zooplankton species can be used as a valuable tool to determine the water quality status and should be considered, in a near future, as one more of the BQE within the WFD metrics.
Superweed amaranth: metaphor and the power of a threatening discourse
Authors: Bétrisey Florence , Boisvert Valérie , Sumberg James 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper analyses the use of metaphor in discourses around the “superweed” Palmer amaranth. Most weed scientists associated with the US public agricultural extension system dismiss the term superweed. However, together with the media, they indirectly encourage aggressive control practices by actively diffusing the framing of herbicide resistant Palmer amaranth as an existential threat that should be eradicated at any cost. We use argumentative discourse analysis to better understand this process. We analyze a corpus consisting of reports, policy briefs, and press releases produced by state extension services, as well as articles from professional and popular magazines and newspapers quoting extension specialists and/or public sector weed scientists or agronomists. We show how the superweed discourse is powered by negative metaphors, and legitimizes aggressive steps to eradicate the weed. This discourse reinforces the farmers’ techno-optimism master frame, contributes to deskilling of farmers and sidelines ethical concerns.
Enhancing Racial/Ethnic Equity in College Student Mental Health Through Innovative Screening and Treatment
Authors: Kodish Tamar , Lau Anna S. , Gong-Guy Elizabeth , Congdon Eliza , Arnaudova Inna , Schmidt Madison , Shoemaker Lauren , Craske Michelle G. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAlthough college campuses are diversifying rapidly, students of color remain an underserved and understudied group. Online screening and subsequent allocation to treatment represents a pathway to enhancing equity in college student mental health. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate racial/ethnic differences in mental health problems and treatment enrollment within the context of a largescale screening and treatment research initiative on a diverse college campus. The sample was comprised of n = 2090 college students who completed an online mental health screening survey and were offered either free online or face-to-face treatment based on symptom severity as a part of a research study. A series of ordinal, binomial and multinomial logistic regression models were specified to examine racial/ethnic differences in mental health problems, prior treatment receipt, and enrollment in online and face-to-face treatment through the campus-wide research initiative. Racial/ethnic differences in depression, anxiety and suicidality endorsed in the screening survey were identified. Students of color were less likely to have received prior mental health treatment compared to non-Hispanic white students, but were equally likely to enroll in and initiate online and face-to-face treatment offered through the current research initiative. Rates of enrollment in online therapy were comparable to prior studies. Online screening and treatment may be an effective avenue to reaching underserved students of color with mental health needs on college campuses. Digital mental health tools hold significant promise for bridging gaps in care, but efforts to improve uptake and engagement are needed.
Chronic Diclofenac Exposure Increases Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Mediators, and Cardiac Dysfunction
Authors: Thai Phung N. , Ren Lu , Xu Wilson , Overton James , Timofeyev Valeriy , Nader Carol E. , Haddad Michael , Yang Jun , Gomes Aldrin V , Hammock Bruce D. , Chiamvimonvat Nipavan , Sirish Padmini 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among one of the most commonly prescribed medications for pain and inflammation. Diclofenac (DIC) is a commonly prescribed NSAID that is known to increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying its cardiotoxic effects remain largely unknown. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that chronic exposure to DIC increases oxidative stress, which ultimately impairs cardiovascular function.

Methods and Results
Mice were treated with DIC for 4 weeks and subsequently subjected to in vivo and in vitro functional assessments. Chronic DIC exposure resulted in not only systolic but also diastolic dysfunction. DIC treatment, however, did not alter blood pressure or electrocardiographic recordings. Importantly, treatment with DIC significantly increased inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as well as cardiac fibroblast activation and proliferation. There was increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in cardiomyocytes from DIC-treated mice, which may contribute to the more depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential and reduced energy production, leading to a significant decrease in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ load, Ca2+ transients, and sarcomere shortening. Using unbiased metabolomic analyses, we demonstrated significant alterations in oxylipin profiles towards inflammatory features in chronic DIC treatment.

Conclusions
Together, chronic treatment with DIC resulted in severe cardiotoxicity, which was mediated, in part, by an increase in mitochondrial oxidative stress.
Secure and Efficient Transmission of Vision-Based Feedback Control Signals
Authors: Volden Øystein , Solnør Petter , Petrovic Slobodan , Fossen Thor I. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAn ever-increasing number of autonomous vehicles use bandwidth-greedy sensors such as cameras and LiDARs to sense and act to the world around us. Unfortunately, signal transmission in vehicles is vulnerable to passive and active cyber-physical attacks that may result in loss of intellectual property, or worse yet, the loss of control of a vehicle, potentially causing great harm. Therefore, it is important to investigate efficient cryptographic methods to secure signal transmission in such vehicles against outside threats. This study is motivated by the observation that previous publications have suggested legacy algorithms, which are either inefficient or insecure for vision-based signals. We show how stream ciphers and authenticated encryption can be applied to transfer sensor data securely and efficiently between computing devices suitable for distributed guidance, navigation, and control systems. We provide an efficient and flexible pipeline of cryptographic operations on image and point cloud data in the Robot Operating System (ROS). We also demonstrate how image data can be compressed to reduce the amount of data to be encrypted, transmitted, and decrypted. Experiments on embedded computers verify that modern software cryptographic algorithms perform very well on large sensor data. Hence, the introduction of such algorithms should enhance security without significantly compromising the overall performance.
Effects of SiC particles codeposition and ultrasound agitation on the electrocrystallisation of nickel-based composite coatings
Authors: Pinate S. , Eriksson F. , Leisner P. , Zanella C. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study analysed the influence of the codeposition of SiC particles with different sizes: 50 nm, 500 nm and 5 μm, and the type of bath agitation (stirring or ultrasonic) on the electrocrystallisation of nickel coatings. The composites matrix microstructure was analysed by means of SEM, EBSD and XRD, to evaluate the grain size, crystal orientation, and internal stresses and was benchmarked against pure nickel samples electrodeposited in equivalent conditions. The codeposition of nano- and microsize particles with an approximate content of 0.8 and 4 vol.%, respectively, caused only a minor grain refinement and did not vary the dominant < 100 > crystal orientation observed in pure Ni. The internal stress was, however, increased by particles codeposition, up to 104 MPa by nanoparticles and 57 MPa by microparticles, compared to the values observed in pure nickel (41 MPa). The higher codeposition rate (11 vol.%) obtained by the addition of submicron-size particles caused a change in the grain growth from columnar to equiaxial, resulting in deposits with a fully random crystal orientation and pronounced grain refinement. The internal stress was also increased by 800% compared to pure nickel. The ultrasound (US) agitation during the deposition caused grain refinement and a selective particle inclusion prompting a decrease in the content of the particles with the larger particles. The deposits produced under US agitation showed an increase in the internal stresses, with double values compared to stirring. The increase in the deposits microhardness, from 280 HV in pure Ni to 560 HV in Ni/SiC submicron-US, was linked to the microstructural changes and particles content.
Graphical abstract
Production of polylactic acid aerogels via phase separation and supercritical CO2 drying: thermodynamic analysis of the gelation and drying process
Authors: Bueno Alberto , Luebbert Christian , Enders Sabine , Sadowski Gabriele , Smirnova Irina 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe application range of aerogels, especially in the life-science sector, can be extended by utilizing biocompatible polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA). However, the low glass transition temperature (Tg) of PLA and the challenging gelation techniques limit the application of supercritical CO2 (scCO2) drying and thus the PLA-aerogel production. The aim of this work is to overcome this challenge and to provide a better understanding of the thermodynamics of the process. Therefore, the gelation of amorphous PLA (PDLLA) and semicrystalline PLA (PLLA) via thermal-induced phase separation (TIPS) was studied. To identify polymer/solvent/antisolvent ratios suitable for gelation, thermodynamic modeling (PC-SAFT) was used to describe the corresponding ternary phase diagrams. scCO2 drying was used to preserve the mesoporous gel structure formed during the gelation. Due to the decrease in the Tg of PLA in the presence of CO2, this could not be applied to all gels. It was found that the critical parameter to enable the scCO2 drying of low Tg polymers is the crystallinity degree (Xc) of the polymer. Based on these results, some guidelines for producing aerogels from polymers with low Tg are formulated.
Graphical abstract
Integrable triples in semisimple Lie algebras
Authors: De Sole Alberto , Jibladze Mamuka , Kac Victor G. , Valeri Daniele 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe classify all integrable triples in simple Lie algebras, up to equivalence. The importance of this problem stems from the fact that for each such equivalence class one can construct the corresponding integrable hierarchy of bi-Hamiltonian PDE. The simplest integrable triple (f, 0, e) in $${\mathfrak {sl}}_2$$

sl
2

corresponds to the KdV hierarchy, and the triple $$(f,0,e_\theta )$$

(
f
,
0
,

e
θ

)

, where f is the sum of negative simple root vectors and $$e_\theta $$

e
θ

is the highest root vector of a simple Lie algebra, corresponds to the Drinfeld–Sokolov hierarchy.
High Mercury Concentrations of European Perch (Perca fluviatilis) in Boreal Headwater Lakes with Variable History of Acidification and Recovery
Authors: Rask Martti , Malinen Tommi , Olin Mikko , Nyberg Kari , Ruuhijärvi Jukka , Kahilainen Kimmo K. , Verta Matti , Vuorenmaa Jussi , Blauberg Tarja-Riitta , Arvola Lauri 
Published: September 2021

AbstractHigh dissolved organic carbon and low pH are often associated with elevated mercury content of fish in boreal lakes, but less is known about the fish mercury dynamics in lakes recovering from acidification stress. We measured total mercury concentration (THg) in muscle of European perch (Perca fluviatilis) and evaluated the overall correlation with environmental and growth variables in 24 boreal headwater lakes in the 2010s. We found negative correlations of length-corrected perch THg with lake pH and perch growth, but no correlation with dissolved organic carbon. The main emphasis in the present study was focused to a subset of ten lakes in southern Finland with known perch THg during severe acidification in the 1980–1990s. The comparison of perch THg concentrations in the 2010s with values determined in the 1980–1990s showed a sharp increase in most acidic lakes where the perch populations suffered from severe acid stress in the 1980s. This increase was attributed to growth condensation caused by sharp decrease in perch growth during recovery of reproduction capacity and the consequent increases in population densities of perch. Our results highlight the importance of perch growth rate and population density for understanding the variability of fish Hg in boreal headwater lakes, where recovery from acidification can lead to higher mercury concentration of fish in certain cases.
Research streams in corporate social responsibility literature: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Frerichs Ilka Marie , Teichert Thorsten 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCorporate social responsibility (CSR) research is heterogeneous and still fragmented. In its interdisciplinary setting, researchers focus on different CSR aspects, secondary concepts and themes. The lack of a unifying paradigm indicates that the CSR literature should be summarized and classified. This study’s systematic overview of CSR research provides such a classification. Previous conceptualizations of CSR research mapped the literature from individual authors’ perspective, rendering different and partly inconsistent classifications. Using bibliometric methods, this paper offers an objective overview. We analyze the references of 1902 CSR journal articles by bibliometric techniques as (co-)citation, core/periphery, factor, and network analyses. By doing that, we provide an overview of the CSR research core, identify different research streams, describe their main publications’ topics and recent developments, and make suggestions to inspire future research in and across research streams. Our results show the increased relevance of formerly niche research streams, such as employee-oriented CSR research, or research on consumer skepticism. Among others, process-oriented and micro-level research, critical approaches, and mergers between themes from various research fields offer a wide scope for further research.
Cemetery waste as a substream of municipal waste: research and structure of the selective waste collection in Poland
Authors: Janda Anna , Marcinkowski Tadeusz 
Published: September 2021

AbstractCemetery waste (CW) constitutes one of the streams of municipal waste (MW). Based on the available data, it can be said that it accounts for about 1% of the mass of MW being generated in Poland. CW management should be carried out selectively. It is estimated that the level of CW selective collection is lower than the average level achieved for MW. This paper presents some solutions concerning the selective collection of CW implemented in selected municipal and denominational cemeteries in Poland. Based on research conducted, the levels of proper separation of glass and biodegradable waste in containers for their selective collection were determined, accordingly as >85% and >80%. Due to the contamination with paraffin residues, the purity of the selectively collected plastic fraction was lower than 20%. The human factor was recognized as the most significant determining efficiency of the selective collection of CW. Therefore, further education of society, as well as promoting good practices in the field of CW management, should be regarded as desirable.
Metacognitive Confidence Can Increase but Also Decrease Performance in Academic Settings
Authors: Moreno Lorena , Briñol Pablo , Petty Richard E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe present research examined the role of metacognitive confidence in understanding to what extent people’s valenced thoughts guide their performance in academic settings. First, students were asked to engage in positive or negative thinking about exams in their major area of study (Study 1) or about themselves (Studies 2 and 3). The valence of these primary cognitions was manipulated to be positive or negative. Furthermore, a metacognitive variable, the perceived validity of the primary cognitions, was measured or varied to be relatively high or low. Finally, performance was assessed using a knowledge test (Study 1), a geometric shapes task (Study 2) or a selection of questions from the Graduate Record Examination (Study 3). In accordance with self-validation theory, we predicted and found that metacognitive confidence (relative to doubt) increased the impact of primary cognitions on performance. When thoughts were positive, increased confidence in the primary cognitions improved performance. However, when thoughts were negative, the same confidence validated the negative primary cognitions and reduced performance. Thus, metacognitive confidence can lead to opposite findings on performance depending on whether it validates performance-relevant positive thoughts or negative thoughts. Variations in the perceived validity of thoughts mediated the obtained effects. Therefore, we conclude that understanding the process of thought validation can help in specifying why and when metacognitive confidence is likely to work or to backfire in producing the desired performance effects.
Dry granular masses impacting on rigid obstacles: numerical analysis and theoretical modelling
Authors: Redaelli Irene , di Prisco Claudio , Calvetti Francesco 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe assessment of the time evolution of the impact force exerted by dry flowing masses on rigid obstacles is mandatory for the dynamic design of sheltering structures and the evaluation of the vulnerability of existing structures. In this paper, the results of an extensive numerical campaign performed by employing a discrete element method (DEM) code are presented and the role of different geometrical factors (flow length, height and front inclination) and state parameters (porosity and velocity) on the impact force–time evolution is investigated. The impact process is studied to correlate local information with the macroscopic response and a physically based force–time function, generalising the formula already introduced by the authors for the assessment of maximum impact force, in which each parameter is correlated with the previously mentioned factors, is proposed.
Predicted Anode Arc Attachment by LTE (Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium) and 2-T (Two-Temperature) Arc Models in a Cascaded-Anode DC Plasma Spray Torch
Authors: Zhukovskii Rodion , Chazelas Christophe , Rat Vincent , Vardelle Armelle , Molz Ron 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn DC plasma spray torches, anode erosion is a common concern. It mainly depends on the heat flux brought by the arc and on the dimensions and residence time of the arc attachment to a given location on the anode wall. The latter depend, to a great extent, on the attachment mode of the arc on the anode wall. This paper compares the anode arc attachment modes predicted by an LTE (Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium) and 2-T (two-temperature) arc models that include the electrodes in the computational domain. It deals with a commercial cascaded-anode plasma torch operated at high current (500 A) and low gas flow rate (60 NLPM of argon). It shows that the LTE model predicted a constricted anode arc attachment that moves on the anode ring, while the 2-T model predicted a diffuse and steady arc attachment. The comparison between the predicted and measured arc voltage showed that the 2-T prediction is closer to the actual voltage. Also, the post-mortem observation of a new anode ring of the actual plasma torch operated under the same conditions for a short time confirmed a diffuse arc attachment on a new anode.
Comparison of urine albumin creatinine ratio with the pediatric index of mortality 2 score for prediction of pediatric intensive care unit outcomes
Authors: Nismath Shifa , Rao Suchetha S. , Baliga B. S. , Kulkarni Vaman , Rao Gayatri M. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Predicting morbidity and mortality in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is of extreme importance to make precise decisions for better outcomes.

Aim
We compared the urine albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) with the established PICU score, pediatric index of mortality 2 (PIM 2) for predicting PICU outcomes.

Methods
This cross-sectional study enrolled 67 patients admitted to PICU with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Urine ACR was estimated on admission, and PIM 2 score was calculated. ACR was compared with PIM 2 for PICU outcome measures: the need for inotropes, development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), duration of PICU stay, and survival.

Results
Microalbuminuria was found in 77.6% of patients with a median ACR of 80 mg/g. ACR showed a significant association with the need for inotropes (p < 0.001), MODS (p = 0.001), and significant correlation to PICU stay (p 0.001, rho = 0.361). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for ACR (0.798) was comparable to that of PIM 2 (0.896). The cutoff value of ACR derived to predict mortality was 110 mg/g. The study subjects were divided into 2 groups: below cutoff and above the cutoff. Outcome variables, inotrope use, MODS, mortality, and PICU stay compared between these subgroups, were statistically significant.

Conclusion
ACR is a good predictor of PICU outcomes and is comparable to PIM 2 for mortality prediction.