bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of osteoporosis in patients with erectile dysfunction
Authors: Xu Jiangnan , Wang Chao , Zhang Yuhui , Xu Zekun , Ouyang Jun , Zhang Jianglei 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground:Erectile dysfunction (ED) and osteoporosis are both common health problems and have similar risk factors. Recent studies have found that people with ED have a higher risk of osteoporosis.We aimed to systematically assess osteoporosis risk in patients with ED.Methods:A systematically research was carried out in Medline via PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science up to June 4, 2020, to identify articles related to ED and osteoporosis. The 2 researchers independently reviewed the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the quality of the literature. All analyses were done using RevMan5.3 and Stata14.Results:A total of 4 studies involving 22,312 participants were included. The meta-analysis results showed that the risk of osteoporosis in the ED group was significantly higher than that in the non-ED group [odds ratio (OR) = 2.66, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.42 to 4.98,P = .002,I2 = 68%]. Interestingly, compared with older participants, the increased risk of osteoporosis in ED patients seemed to be more pronounced in younger participants. Despite the lack of data for meta-analysis, more than half of the literature mentioned this tendency. We found the source of heterogeneity through sensitivity analysis, and there was no significant effect on the results before and after the removal of this literature, indicating that our results were robust. No obvious publication bias was found through Egger method (P = .672).Conclusion:People with ED have a higher risk of osteoporosis, especially among younger males. Because the assessment of osteoporosis is economical and noninvasive, ED patients should be evaluated by bone mineral density or men with osteoporosis should be further assessed for erectile function.
Precise medicine of programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 inhibitor immunotherapy combined radiotherapy for inoperable advanced lung cancer
Authors: Liu Gang , Lv Xiaolan , Ding Yanling , Guo Yongbo 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
Programmed cell death-1/programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors are a group of immune checkpoint inhibitors immunotherapy for cancer treatment. These immune checkpoint inhibitors are becoming first-line treatments for several types of cancer. Radiotherapy for cancer is a traditional treatment and the therapeutic effect is not satisfactory due to the side effect of chemotherapeutic drugs. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PD1/PD-L1 inhibitor immunotherapy combined chemotherapy for inoperable advanced lung cancer.

Methods:
We will utilize PubMed, PubMed Central, EMbase, Medline, CNKI, WAN FANG Database, and Web of Science to screen eligible studies published from January 1, 2015 to December 30, 2020. Two reviewers will extract data and evaluate the risk of bias independently. The quality of the included studies will be evaluated using the RevMan 5.3 software for data analysis.

Results:
This review will summarize high-quality evidence of trials to evaluate the precise medicine efficacy and safety of PD1/PD-L1 inhibitor combined radiotherapy for inoperable advanced lung cancer.

Conclusions:
The findings of the systematic review will provide scientific evidence of the efficacy and safety of PD1/PD-L1 inhibitor combined radiotherapy for inoperable advanced lung cancer to guide the clinician's drug use.

Ethics and dissemination:
Not applicable.

INPLASY registration number:
INPLASY202140123.
The effect of three-circle post standing (Zhanzhuang) qigong on the physical and psychological well-being of college students
Authors: Lyu Jiaxuan , Wei Yulong , Li Hangyu , Dong Jingjing , Zhang Xinzheng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
Qigong has a long-term application by integration of mind, breath and body to prevent and cure diseases. Researches show that qigong practice could adjust anxiety, the mechanism may found on brain and heart functions. Currently there are limitations on qigong's anxiety-release mechanism study between mind and body, and existing studies lack of evidence on electrophysiology research. Our objective to analyse qigong's anxiety-release effect and mechanism.

Methods:
A two-arm randomized clinical trial with 144 qigong naïve anxiety subjects without cerebral or cardiovascular diseases or other severe syndromes will be allocated to either a body and breath regulation group (n = 72) or a body regulation group (n = 72). Participants will conduct three-circle post standing qigong exercise 5 times per week for 8 weeks, while the three-circle post standing qigong combined with abdominal breath regulation (TCPSQ-BR) group will combined with abdominal breath regulation. The primary outcome will be the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the secondary outcome will be complexity-based measures of heart rate and electroencephalogram (EEG) signals assessed at baseline and 8 weeks. Multiscale entropy analysis will be used as measure of complexity.

Conclusion:
This study will be investigate the effects of qigong's anxiety-release by SAS, and will analyze the coordinates of EEG and heart rate variability (HRV) signals before and after three-circle post standing qigong (TCPSQ) practice, and to analyse their synergies by complex signal process method.

Ethics and trail registration:
The protocol was approved by the institutional review boards of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (2018BZHYLL0109). This study was registered with the “Chinese Clinical Trail Registry” in the WHO Registry Network (ChiCTR-Bon-17010840).
Sphenoid sinus pseudoaneurysm with carotid cavernous fistula presenting with delayed subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Cho Min Jai , Yi Kyung Sik , Choi Chi-Hoon , Yum Kyu Sun , Cha Sang-Hoon , Kim Yook , Lee Jisun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Sphenoid sinus pseudoaneurysm arising from the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) caused by traumatic vessel injury is rare, and rarer is a concomitant carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF). In particular, delayed subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to pseudoaneurysm rupture has not been reported to-date in literature. Here, we report a case of sphenoid sinus pseudoaneurysm with CCF presenting with delayed SAH.

Patient concerns:
A 73-year-old man presented with traumatic brain injury due to motorcycle accident.

Diagnoses:
Twenty-four days after admission, the patient's neurological status suddenly deteriorated. Brain computed tomography (CT) showed acute SAH along interhemispheric cisterns and suprasellar intracerebral hematoma. Brain CT angiography and digital subtraction angiography revealed giant sphenoid sinus pseudoaneurysm with CCF and the daughter sac of the pseudoaneurysm extended to the intracranial part via fracture in the superior wall of the sphenoid sinus.

Interventions:
As the sphenoid sinus pseudoaneurysm and CCF shared one rupture point, endovascular treatment with intraarterial approach using coil and liquid embolic material by balloon assisted technique was performed simultaneously.

Outcomes:
The origin of the pseudoaneurysmal sac and CCF was sufficiently blocked after injection of liquid embolic material and the lesions completely resolved immediately after endovascular treatment.

Lessons:
Sphenoid sinus pseudoaneurysm and CCF rarely occur following head trauma through a series of processes involving fracture of the lateral wall of the sphenoid sinus and ICA cavernous segment injury. Sphenoid sinus pseudoaneurysm may present as SAH through intracranial rupture with concomitant superior wall fracture of the sphenoid sinus. Therefore, early diagnosis using CT or magnetic resonance angiography and appropriate treatment through understanding the disease mechanism is necessary.
Efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Cao Junyi , Chen Zuowu , You Jinbing , Wang Jiangjiang , Tang Qiongyao 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a condition caused by a deficiency in pulmonary surfactant. Many interventions, including pulmonary surfactant, non-invasive respiratory support, and other supportive treatments have been used to prevent RDS. However, recent studies have focused on the continuous positive airway pressure as a significant potential agent for preventing RDS. However, its safety and effectiveness are yet to be assessed. To this end, the current study aims to perform to explore the safety and effectiveness of continuous positive airways in treating neonates with RDS.

Methods:
We will conduct comprehensive literature searches on MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Chinese BioMedical Literature from their inception to April 2021. The search aims to identify all the randomized controlled studies on continuous positive airway pressure in treating neonates with RDS. In addition, we aim to search the gray literature to establish any available potential studies. We will use 2 independent authors to determine study eligibility, extract data using the structured pro-forma table, analyze data, and utilize suitable tools in assessing the risk of bias in the selected studies. Accordingly, we will conduct all statistical analyses using RevMan 5.3 software.

Results:
The current study aims to provide high-quality synthesis of existing evidence concerning the continuous positive airway pressure to treat neonates suffering from RDS.

Conclusion:
Our findings seek to provide evidence to establish whether continuous positive airway pressure can ascertain safety and effectiveness for neonates with RDS.

Ethics and dissemination:
The study will require ethical approval.

OSF registration number:
May 20, 2021.osf.io/7nj8s. (https://osf.io/7nj8s/).
Efficacy and safety of heat-sensitive moxibustion in the treatment of neurogenic bladder after spinal cord injury
Authors: Lin Qianqian , Ren Yafeng , Chen Kewei , Duan Huijie , Chen Meng , Liu Chengmei 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Background:
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most disabling and destructive neurological diseases. Neurogenic bladder dysfunction (NBD) is one of the serious complications after SCI, 80% of patients after SCI will have neurogenic bladder symptoms. NBD after SCI may lead to urinary retention, urinary incontinence, and urinary tract infection. In severe cases, it can lead to renal failure or even death. NBD after SCI not only seriously affects the patient's quality of life but also physical and mental health. NBD after SCI is a social and medical problem. In recent years, more and more clinical studies prove that heat-sensitive can improve the clinical symptoms of NBD after SCI. Therefore, this article conducts a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of heat-sensitive moxibustion in treating NBD after SCI.

Methods:
Search 8 electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Clinical Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Wanfang Database, and China Biomedical Literature Database. We will search above electronic databases from the inception to May 2021, without any language restriction. Clinical randomized controlled trials containing heat-sensitive moxibustion for NBD after SCI and eligible interventions(s) and outcome(s) were included, with no limitation of language and publication status. Two researchers will independently conduct literature search, screening, information extraction, quality assessment, and data analysis. Review Manager 5.3 software will be used for statistical analysis.

Results:
The findings will be submitted to a peer-reviewed publication.

Conclusion:
This systematic review and meta-analysis will provide a standard clinical decision-making guideline for heat-sensitive moxibustion treatment of NBD after SCI.

INPLASY registration number:
INPLASY202150071.
Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for osteoporosis
Authors: Tian Jidong , Wu Shuo , Dong Lin , Tang Hao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackground:Osteoporosis is a common bone disease that has a significant social and economic effect. Many meta-analyses of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for osteoporosis have been reported, but the findings may be contradictory, and both the reporting and methodological quality remain unknown. As a result, an overview that includes a network meta-analysis was proposed to address these issues.Methods:The Cochrane library, PubMed, Embase, CBM, and CNKI databases will be systematically searched for meta-analyses of osteoporosis interventions from inception to May 2021. In order to evaluate the reporting and methodological quality of each included meta-analysis, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis 2020 (PRISMA-2020), and A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2) will be used. For the assessment of the relative efficacy and safety of treatments reported in the randomized controlled trials included in the meta-analyses identified by the overview, a Bayesian network meta-analysis will be carried out. The odds ratio and standard mean difference with their 95% credible intervals will be used to present the binary and continuous outcomes, respectively, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation method will be used to determine the certainty of the evidence through Confidence In Network Meta-Analysis. Data analysis will be performed using WinBUGS, R, and Stata, with a 2-sidedP < .05 considered as statistically significant.Results:The findings of this overview, which includes a network meta-analysis, will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.Conclusion:An overview with network meta-analysis will provide evidence on the efficacy and safety of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for osteoporosis, while also identifying the flaws in previously published meta-analyses. All of these results may be used to improve clinical decision-making and future studies.INPLASY registration number:INPLASY202150022.
Clusters of community-dwelling individuals empirically derived from stool diaries correspond with clinically meaningful outcomes
Authors: Jones Michael P. , Walter Susanna , Talley Nicholas J. , Walker Marjorie M. , Holtmann Gerald J. , Shah Ayesha , D’Amato Mauro , Agréus Lars , Andreasson Anna 
Published: June 2021

Background
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are diagnosed according to expert consensus criteria based on recall of symptoms over periods of 3 months or longer. Whether the expert opinion concords with underlying disease process and whether individual recall is accurate are both in doubt. This study aimed to identify naturally occurring clusters of individuals with respect to symptom pattern, evaluate their significance, compare cluster profiles with expert opinion and evaluate their temporal stability.

Methods
As part of a random population study of FGID-related symptoms, we first explored the use of prospective stool and symptom diaries combined with empirical grouping of individuals into clusters using nonhierarchical cluster analysis.

Results
The analysis identified two clusters of individuals, one of which was characterized by elevated scores on all domains of symptoms (26% of the sample) and one that was low to average on all domains (74% of the sample). Cluster membership was found to be stable over a long interval. Clusters were found to differ on most domains of quality-of-life (d = 0.46–0.74), self-rated health (d = −0.42) and depression (d = −0.42) but not anxiety. Prevalence of clinically diagnosed irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was higher in the more impacted cluster (33%) compared with the healthy cluster (13%; P < 0.0001).

Conclusion
A naturalistic classification of individuals challenges consensus criteria in showing that some IBS individuals have a symptom experience not unlike health. The proposed approach has demonstrated temporal stability over time, unlike consensus criteria. A naturalistic disease classification system may have practical advantages over consensus criteria when supported by a decision-analytic system.
Prevention and management of oronasal fistulas
Authors: Othieno Florence , Tatum Sherard A. 
Published: June 2021

Purpose of review
The aim of this article is to present the current opinion on the prevention and management of oronasal fistulas in cleft palate patients.

Recent findings
Though cleft palate repair has seen numerous modifications and improvements, oronasal fistulas remain one of the most common complications of palatoplasty. There are various techniques available for preventing and managing this complication.

Summary
Oronasal fistulas can be minimized by employing proper principles for palatoplasty. Once a fistula occurs, the repair technique should be appropriate for the fistula type. Oronasal fistula classifications, various repair techniques, tissue adjuncts, and biomaterials used in both the primary palate repair and oronasal fistula repair are discussed in this review.
Human Milk Oligosaccharides Modulate Fecal Microbiota and Are Safe for Use in Children With Overweight: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fonvig Cilius Esmann , Amundsen Ingvild Dybdrodt , Vigsnæs Louise Kristine , Sørensen Nikolaj , Frithioff-Bøjsøe Christine , Christiansen Michael , Hedley Paula Louise , Holm Louise Aas , McConnell Bruce , Holm Jens-Christian 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) impact the intestinal microbiota by increasing beneficial bacteria in infants and adults, and are safe and well tolerated in these age groups. Effects on intestinal microbiota, safety, and digestive tolerance in children have not been, however, assessed. The aims of this trial were to evaluate if HMOs are able to specifically modulate the intestinal microbiota in children, and to assess safety and digestive tolerance.

Methods:
In this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, 75 children with overweight (including obesity) ages 6 to 12 years were randomized to receive 2′-fucosyllactose (2′FL), a mix of 2′FL and lacto-N-neotetraose (Mix), or a glucose placebo orally administrated once per day for 8 weeks.

Results:
The relative abundance of bifidobacteria increased significantly after 4 (P < 0.001) and 8 (P = 0.025) weeks of intervention in the 2′FL-group and after 4 weeks (P = 0.033) in the Mix-group, whereas no change was observed in the placebo group. Compared with placebo, the 2′FL-group had a significant increase in bifidobacteria abundance after 4 weeks (P < 0.001) and 8 weeks (P = 0.010) and the Mix-group showed a tendency to increased bifidobacteria abundance after 4 (P = 0.071) and 8 weeks (P = 0.071). Bifidobacterium adolescentis drove the bifidogenic effect in the 2 groups. Biochemical markers indicated no safety concerns, and the products did not induce digestive tolerance issues as assessed by Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale and Bristol Stool Form Scale.

Conclusions:
Both 2′FL and the Mix beneficially modulate intestinal microbiota by increasing bifidobacteria. Furthermore, supplementation with either 2′FL alone or a Mix is safe and well tolerated in children.
Allosteric Inhibition of a Vesicular Glutamate Transporter by an Isoform-Specific Antibody
Authors: Eriksen Jacob , Li Fei , Stroud Robert M. , Edwards Robert H. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe role of glutamate in excitatory neurotransmission depends on its transport into synaptic vesicles by the vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs). The three VGLUT isoforms exhibit a complementary distribution in the nervous system and the knockout of each produces severe, pleiotropic neurological effects. However, the available pharmacology lacks sensitivity and specificity, limiting the analysis of both transport mechanism and physiological role. To develop new molecular probes for the VGLUTs, we raised six mouse monoclonal antibodies to VGLUT2. All six bind to a structured region of VGLUT2, five to the luminal face and one to the cytosolic. Two are specific to VGLUT2 whereas the other four bind to both VGLUT1 and 2; none detect VGLUT3. Antibody 8E11 recognizes an epitope spanning the three extracellular loops in the C-domain that explains the recognition of both VGLUT1 and 2 but not VGLUT3. 8E11 also inhibits both glutamate transport and the VGLUT-associated chloride conductance. Since the antibody binds outside the substrate recognition site, it acts allosterically to inhibit function presumably by restricting conformational changes. The isoform specificity also shows that allosteric inhibition provides a mechanism to distinguish between closely related transporters.
State transitions in the statistically stable place cell population are determined by rate of perceptual change
Authors: Tanni Sander , de Cothi William , Barry Caswell 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe hippocampus plays a central role in mammalian navigation and memory, yet an implementational understanding of the rules that govern the granularity of location encoding and the spatial-statistics of the population as a whole are lacking. We analysed large numbers of CA1 place fields recorded while rats foraged in environments up to 8.75 m2. We found that place cell propensities to form fields were proportional to open-field area, gamma-distributed, and conserved across environments. The properties of place fields varied positionally with a denser distribution of smaller fields near boundaries. Remarkably, field size and density were in a dynamic equilibrium, such that population-level activity statistics remained constant. We showed that the rate of transition through the statistically stable place cell population matched the rate of change in the animals’ visual scenes - demonstrating that the resolution of the spatial-memory system is bounded by perceptual information afforded by the environment.
A CRISPRi/a platform in iPSC-derived microglia uncovers regulators of disease states
Authors: Dräger Nina M. , Sattler Sydney M. , Huang Cindy Tzu-Ling , Teter Olivia M. , Leng Kun , Hashemi Sayed Hadi , Hong Jason , Aviles Giovanni , Clelland Claire D. , Zhan Lihong , Udeochu Joe C. , Kodama Lay , Singleton Andrew B. , Nalls Mike A. , Ichida Justin , Ward Michael E. , Faghri Faraz , Gan Li , Kampmann Martin 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTMicroglia are emerging as key drivers of neurological diseases. However, we lack a systematic understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Here, we present a screening platform to systematically elucidate functional consequences of genetic perturbations in human iPSC-derived microglia. We developed an efficient eight-day protocol for the generation of microglia-like cells based on the inducible expression of six transcription factors. We established inducible CRISPR interference and activation in this system and conducted three screens targeting the “druggable genome”. These screens uncovered genes controlling microglia survival, activation and phagocytosis, including neurodegeneration-associated genes. A screen with single-cell RNA sequencing as the readout revealed that these microglia adopt a spectrum of states mirroring those observed in human brains and identified regulators of these states. A disease-associated state characterized by SPP1 expression was selectively depleted by CSF1R inhibition. Thus, our platform can systematically uncover regulators of microglia states, enabling their functional characterization and therapeutic targeting.