bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the prediction method and the flow characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow patterns in the suction chamber
Authors: Shao Chunlei , Bao Ning , Wang Sheng , Zhou Jianfeng 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a prediction method of gas-liquid two-phase flow patterns and reveal the flow characteristics in the suction chamber of a centrifugal pump.

Design/methodology/approach
A transparent model pump was experimentally studied, and the gas-liquid two-phase flow in the pump was numerically simulated based on the Eulerian–Eulerian heterogeneous flow model. The numerical simulation method was verified from three aspects: the flow pattern in the suction chamber, the gas spiral length and the external characteristics of the pump. The two-phase flow in the suction chamber was studied in detail by using the numerical simulation method.

Findings
There are up to eight flow patterns in the suction chamber. However, at a certain rotational speed, only six flow patterns are observed at the most. At some rotational speeds, only four flow patterns appear. The gas spiral length has little relationship with the gas flow rate. It decreases with the increase of the liquid flow rate and increases with the increase of the rotational speed. The spiral flow greatly increases the turbulence intensity in the suction chamber.

Originality/value
A method for predicting the flow pattern was proposed. Eight flow patterns in the suction chamber were identified. The mechanism of gas-liquid two-phase flow in the suction chamber was revealed. The research results have reference values for the stable operation of two-phase flow pumps and the optimization of suction chambers.
Ethanol-driven building fungus colonisation: “Whisky Black” in urban built environments
Authors: Craig Nigel , Pilcher Nick , Forster Alan M. , Kennedy Craig 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe spirits industry is a major economic contributor worldwide, often requiring years of maturation in barrels that is associated with significant release of ethanol into the surrounding environment. This provides carbon nutrition for colonisation of black fungal growths, one type being Baudoinia compniacensis, or Whisky Black. Although growth is localised in production areas, numerous sites exist globally, and this paper's purpose is to investigate the extent and implications of colonisation.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents and discusses the results of a visual survey of the area surrounding a site where whisky is maturing in nearby bonded warehouses. The evaluation considers radial zoning distance from the ethanol source and material substrate types and surface textures. Classical key stages of Building Pathology, namely manifestation, diagnosis, prognosis and therapy, are considered.FindingsKey findings are that the colonisation of the fungus is non-uniform and dependent on the substrate building material. Additionally, rougher-textured building materials displayed heavier levels of fungal manifestation than smooth materials. Aspects such as distance, wind direction and moisture are considered relative to the extent and level of fungal growth.Originality/valueThis investigation provides the first assessment of the extent and nature of the fungal growth in properties built in surrounding areas to bonded warehouses. Such information can facilitate open dialogue between stakeholders that recognise the aspirations of values of corporate social responsibility, whilst balancing the economic importance of distilling with recognition of the fungus's impact on property values and appropriate recurring remedial treatments.
Land use change and precipitation implication to hydro-meteorological disasters in Central Java: an overview
Authors: Putri Intan Hapsari Surya , Buchori Imam , Handayani Wiwandari 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
This study aims to prove that land-use change plays a role in the occurrence of hydro-meteorological disasters in Central Java, especially in relation to its upstream and downstream.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper presents empirical findings from quantitative research using a spatial analysis and descriptive analysis.

Findings
The upstream and downstream area of Central Java is categorized as a rapid development area that results in changes in land use and land cover. The findings showed that there was an increasing number of hydrometeorological disasters such as floods and landslides as the impact of land-use change and rainfall conditions.

Research limitations/implications
Analysis of the relationship between rainfall and disaster events with more technical and specific analysis could be done in the further research.

Originality/value
In this study, more analysis in the context of river basin systems including upstream and downstream in different periods to examine the linkage between them have been considered and incorporated.
Control of project data and team satisfaction as results of PMO effort in new product development projects
Authors: Barbalho Sanderson César Macêdo , Silva Gladston Luiz 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThis paper aims to explore how new product development (NPD)-based project management offices (PMOs) work, their drivers to deliver performance and their project success impact.Design/methodology/approachThe study used a survey of 35 Brazilian and multi-national companies that identified the effort to perform a list of PMO functions, some PMO drivers in the company and five project performance perception indicators. The authors apply a specific set of statistics to uncover the relations between these dimensions of interest.FindingsThe factorial analysis allows us to find the main functions influencing each other. The project teams’ perception of project management (PM) performance is suggested as a success factor that drives PMOs when working on portfolio management issues, managing project files and promoting PM over the company.Practical implicationsThis paper contributes to a contingency approach for designing a project machine involving PMOs to support NPD projects. Managers can set the most suitable PMO functions avoiding mimicry when structuring their NPD efforts.Originality/valuePMOs have impacted team satisfaction and control of project data but not indicators related to triple constraints.
Mass homeownership policy and economic well-being of the elderly: empirical evidence from the Polish household survey
Authors: Marcinkiewicz Edyta , Chybalski Filip 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe authors’ empirical investigation attempts to identify the nexus between the economic well-being of Polish elderly households and their housing situation, which can be related to the impact of the mass privatization policy implemented in Poland in the early 1990s. The generation who benefited from the process at that time currently includes great majority of people at retirement age who are homeowners.Design/methodology/approachIn the study, the authors employ micro data from the Polish Social Diagnosis household survey and analyze them in a multinomial logistic regression framework. They explore the nexus between both subjective and objective measures of income and housing circumstances.FindingsThe results imply that housing arrangements do not significantly differentiate Polish households in terms of their economic well-being when controlling for other sociodemographic factors. This may result from two independent, but possibly overlapping, reasons. The first is that housing circumstances are quite evenly distributed across elderly population as compared to income. This may be a direct effect of the “(socialist) state legacy,” as in the socialist era there was a strong focus on diminishing income and wealth inequalities in society. The second explanation is that better housing circumstances are not a sufficient means to improve the welfare of the elderly.Originality/valueThe study’s analysis is associated with little investigated area of the welfare effects of homeownership in the old age at the individual level. It explores this issue on the example of Poland, which is a typical representative of the group of post-socialist countries that share a common feature of “state legacy welfare” that is characterized by extensive mortgage-free homeownership.
Does intellectual property rights protection affect UK and US outward FDI and earnings from FDI? A sectoral analysis
Authors: De Vita Glauco , Alexiou Constantinos , Trachanas Emmanouil , Luo Yun 
Published: November 2021

PurposeDespite decades of research, the relationship between intellectual property rights (IPRs) and foreign direct investment (FDI) remains ambiguous. Using a recently developed patent enforcement index (along with a broader IPR index) and a large sectoral country-to-country FDI dataset, the authors revisit the FDI-IPR relationship by testing the impact of IPRs on UK and US outward FDI (OFDI) flows as well as earnings from outward FDI (EOFDI).Design/methodology/approachThe authors use disaggregated data for up to 9 distinct sectors of economic activity from both the US and UK for OFDI flows and EOFDI, for a panel of up to 42 developed and developing countries over sample periods from 1998 to 2015. The authors employ a panel fixed effects (FE) approach that allows exploiting the longitudinal properties of the data using Driscoll and Kraay's (1998) nonparametric covariance matrix estimator.FindingsThe authors do not find any consistent evidence in support of the hypothesis that countries' strength of IPR protection or enforcement affects inward FDI, or that sector of investment matters. The results prove robust to sensitivity checks that include an alternative broader measure of IPR strength, analyses across sub-samples disaggregated according to the strength of countries' IPRs as well as developing vs developed economies and an extended specification accounting for dynamic effects of the response of FDI to both previous investment levels and IPR (patent) protection.Originality/valueThe authors make use of the largest most granular sectoral country-to-country FDI dataset employed to date in the analysis of the FDI-IPR nexus with disaggregated data for OFDI and EOFDI across up to 9 distinct sectors of economic activity from both the US and UK The authors employ a more sophisticated measure of IPR strength, the patent index proposed by Papageorgiadis et al. (2014), which places emphasis on the effectiveness of enforcement practices as perceived by managers, together with the overall administrative effectiveness and efficiency of the national patent system.
Why and when are silent employees less satisfied with their jobs? A conservation of resources perspective
Authors: Hsieh Hui-Hsien , Huang Jie-Tsuen 
Published: November 2021

PurposeEmployee silence is pervasive in the workplace and can be severely detrimental to employees' job satisfaction. However, research on why and when employee silence undermines job satisfaction remains poorly understood. Drawing upon conservation of resources theory, the authors proposed and tested a moderated mediation model wherein employee silence predicted job satisfaction through vigor, with positive affectivity acting as a dispositional moderator.Design/methodology/approachTwo-wave time-lagged data were collected from a sample of 183 employees in Taiwan. A moderated mediation analysis with latent variables was conducted to test the hypotheses.FindingsResults indicated that employees' vigor mediated the negative relationship between employee silence and job satisfaction only for employees with low positive affectivity.Originality/valueBy identifying vigor as a psychological mechanism explaining the negative effect of silence on job satisfaction and positive affectivity as a buffer against the detrimental effect of silence on vigor and, indirectly, job satisfaction, the results provide a more nuanced understanding of why and when silent employees are less satisfied with their jobs.
Fire resistance of stainless steel slender elliptical hollow section beam-columns
Authors: Alexandre Matias Arrais Flávio , Lopes Nuno , Vila Real Paulo 
Published: November 2021

PurposeStainless steel has different advantages when compared to conventional carbon steel. The corrosion resistance and aesthetic appearance are the most known; however, its better behaviour under elevated temperatures can also be important in buildings design. In spite of the initial cost, stainless-steel application as a structural material has been increasing. Elliptical hollow sections integrate the architectural attributes of the circular hollow sections and the structural advantages of the rectangular hollow sections (RHSs). Hence, the application of stainless-steel material combined with elliptical hollow profiles stands as an interesting design option. The purpose of the paper is to better understand the resistance of stainless-steel-beam columns in case of fireDesign/methodology/approachThe research presents a numerical study on the behaviour of stainless-steel members with slender elliptical hollow section (EHS) subjected to axial compression and bending about the strong axis at elevated temperatures. A parametric numerical study is presented here considering with and without out-of-plane buckling different stainless-steel grades, cross-section and member slenderness, bending moment diagrams and elevated temperatures.FindingsThe tested design methodologies proved to be inadequate for the EHS members being in some situations too conservative.Originality/valueThe safety and accuracy of Eurocode 3 (EC3) design methodology and of a recent design proposal developed for I-sections and cold-formed RHSs are analysed applying material and geometric non-linear analysis considering imperfections with the finite element software SAFIR.
The effects of donation amount and ad orientation of cause-related marketing on consumers’ response
Authors: Zhang Anran , Xu Zhengliang , Yu Xin 
Published: November 2021

PurposeCause-related marketing (CRM) is an increasing popular marketing strategy in which a firm donates a specific amount to a designed cause when customers engage in revenue-providing exchanges. Based on balance and attribution theory, this paper aims to explore the interaction effect of donation amount and ad orientation, two important factors of formulation and communication of CRM, respectively, on consumer response and the mediating effect of consumers’ perceived company motives.Design/methodology/approachTwo 2 (donation amount: small vs large) × 2 (ad orientation: product- vs cause-oriented) between-subjects experimental studies were conducted in marketing course with 284 and 157 Chinese undergraduate students participating in Studies 1 and 2, respectively. ANOVA and regression were used to test the hypotheses.FindingsStudy 1 shows the significant interaction effects of donation amount and ad orientation on consumers’ response. When CRM has a large donation amount, cause-oriented (vs product-oriented) ad leads to consumers’ more positive company attitude and higher purchase intention. The opposite is true for the small donation amount condition. Study 2 shows that the above interaction effect is mediated by consumer-attributed company motives. The attributed motive of sincerely caring about social cause has significant positive effect on consumer response, whereas the attributed motive of increasing sales or improving corporate image does not.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the literature by empirically examining the interaction effect of donation amount and ad orientation on consumer-inferred motives and behavioral response. The findings are valuable because they indicate the importance of matching between factors at formulation and communication stage. In addition, this paper found that consumers are “tolerant” of companies using CRM to promote product sales and improve brand image.
Application of topology optimization method for the gothic greenhouse design
Authors: Javadi Moghaddam Jalal , Momeni Davood , Zarei Ghasem 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
This research presents a design method for designing greenhouse structures based on topology optimization. Moreover, the structural design of a gothic greenhouse is proposed in which its structural strength has been improved by using this proposed method. In this method, the design of the structure is done mathematically; therefore, in the design process, more attention can be focused on the constraint space and boundary conditions. It was also shown how the static reliability and fatigue coefficients will change as a result of the design of the greenhouse structure with this method. Another purpose of this study is to find the weakest part of the greenhouse structure against lateral winds and other general loads on the greenhouse structure.

Design/methodology/approach
In the proposed method, the outer surface and the allowable volume as a constraint domain were considered. The desired loads can be located on the constraint domain. The topology optimization was used to minimize the mass and structural compliance as the objective function. The obtained volume was modified for simplifying the construction. The changes in the shape of the greenhouse structure were investigated by choosing three different penalty numbers for the topology optimization algorithm. The final design of the proposed structure was performed based on the total simultaneous critical loads on the structure. The results of the proposed method were compared in the order of different volume fractions. This showed that the volume fraction approach can significantly reduce the weight of the structure while maintaining its strength and stability.

Findings
Topology optimization results showed different strut and chords composition because of the changes in maximum mass limit and volume fraction. The results showed that the fatigue was more hazardous, and it decreased the strength of structure nearly three times more than a static analysis. Further, it was noticed that how the penalty numbers can affect topology optimization results. An optimal design based on topology optimization results was presented to improve the proposed greenhouse design against destruction and demolition. Furthermore, this study shows the most sensitive part of the greenhouse against the standard loads of wind, snow, and crop.

Originality/value
The obtained designs were compared with a conventional arch greenhouse, and then the structural performances were shown based on standard loads. The results showed that in designing the proposed structure, the optimized changes increased the structure strength against the standard loads compared to a simple arch greenhouse. Moreover, the stress safety factor and fatigue safety factor because of different designs of this structure were also compared with each other.
Who won the election? Explaining news coverage of election results in multi‐party systems
Authors: GATTERMANN KATJANA , MEYER THOMAS M. , WURZER KATHARINA 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWhen reporting on election results, the media declare parties as election ‘winners’ or ‘losers’, which has important consequences for voter perceptions and government formation. This article investigates news coverage of parties’ electoral performance in proportional representation systems, in which election results are often less clear‐cut compared to majoritarian systems. It tests the extent to which news coverage of parties’ electoral performance is based on objective measures or on party ideology. Its focus on the aftermath of the 2019 European Parliament election allows holding the electoral context constant across the 16 countries under study. Results from a Heckman selection model show that alongside a party's status as plurality winner and changes in electoral support, parties with radical socio‐cultural policy positions are both more likely to be covered and declared election winners in the news. These results have important implications for citizens’ attitudes and perceived party legitimacy in democratic societies.
Mapping the Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire Parent Form onto the Short‐Form Six‐Dimensions version 2
Authors: Watts Yan , Dufresne Élise , Samaan Kathryn , Graham François , Labrosse Roxane , Paradis Louis , Des Roches Anne , Poder Thomas G. , Bégin Philippe 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire Parent Form (FAQLQ‐PF) is the most widely used quality of life questionnaire in food allergy. The objective of this study was to develop a mapping algorithm to convert FAQLQ‐PF scores into health state utilities.MethodsThe Short‐Form Six‐Dimensions version 2 (SF‐6Dv2) and FAQLQ‐PF questionnaires were collected from an academic center oral immunotherapy referral cohort. Utility estimates were derived from the SF‐6Dv2 using the food allergy preference set. Candidate mapping algorithm models were developed using seven regression methods starting from either the total average score, the average scores of each of the three domains or the individual item scores of FAQLQ‐PF. The process was repeated twice, including only section A, common to all age groups, or including all age‐applicable sections of the FAQLQ‐PF. The mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) were used to select the best fitting model. An independent cohort from a previous national online survey was used for external validation.ResultsIn the index cohort, 1000 of 1257 respondents had completed both questionnaires. The lowest MAE (0.0791) and RMSE (0.1020) were recorded when entering individual item scores in a categorical regression model. The model including only FAQLQ‐PF section A was found to be most consistent when tested in the external validation cohort (n = 248) (MAE of 0.0898).ConclusionThe FAQLQ‐PF was mapped onto SF‐6Dv2 utilities with good predictive accuracy in two independent cohorts. This will enable calculation of health utility for cost‐effectiveness analyses in food allergy.
Targeting arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients using extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal
Authors: Leypoldt John K. , Kurz Jörg , Echeverri Jorge , Storr Markus , Harenski Kai 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundA retrospective analysis of SUPERNOVA trial data showed that reductions in tidal volume to ultraprotective levels without significant increases in arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) for critically ill, mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) depends on the rate of extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R).MethodsWe used a whole‐body mathematical model of acid‐base balance to quantify the effect of altering carbon dioxide (CO2) removal rates using different ECCO2R devices to achieve target PaCO2 levels in ARDS patients. Specifically, we predicted the effect of using a new, larger surface area PrismaLung+ device instead of the original PrismaLung device on the results from two multicenter clinical studies in critically ill, mechanically ventilated ARDS patients.ResultsAfter calibrating model parameters to the clinical study data using the PrismaLung device, model predictions determined optimal extracorporeal blood flow rates for the PrismaLung+ and mechanical ventilation frequencies to obtain target PaCO2 levels of 45 and 50 mm Hg in mild and moderate ARDS patients treated at a tidal volume of 3.98 ml/kg predicted body weight (PW). Comparable model predictions showed that reductions in tidal volumes below 6 ml/kg PBW may be difficult for acidotic highly severe ARDS patients with acute kidney injury and high CO2 production rates using a PrismaLung+ device in‐series with a continuous venovenous hemofiltration device.ConclusionsThe described model provides guidance on achieving target PaCO2 levels in mechanically ventilated ARDS patients using protective and ultraprotective tidal volumes when increasing CO2 removal rates from ECCO2R devices.