bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Russian-language dictionary of terms used in clinical electromyography and ultrasound examination of the neuromuscular system
Authors: Smirnova A. Yu. , Kanshina D. S. , Bogdanova E. P. , Saltykova V. G. , Sinkin M. V. , Nikitin S. S. 
Published: December 2021

Modern electrodiagnostics (ED) and ultrasound examination of the neuromuscular system dictates the need to use unified terminology in order to avoid inter-expert variability in describing the results of the study and drawing up a conclusion in accordance with international criteria. The results of a survey of clinical electromyography specialists and the methodology of translation of the latest version of the English-language glossary on electrodiagnostic medicine are presented.The purpose of the publication is to popularize the use of modern nomenclature among the professional community. An anonymous survey was conducted on the use of the most common terms ED. The translation of the latest English-language version of the glossary on ED and ultrasound examination of the neuromuscular system was carried out, followed by editing and discussion by an expert group. 236 people from 68 cities of Russia and neighboring countries took part in the survey. The survey results demonstrated maximum disunity, as well as conservatism in the use of terms. The nomenclature of ED terms was first compiled in 1980 by the American Association of Electromyography and Electrodiagnostics and subsequently regularly revised and supplemented in accordance with new data. The unification of terms is necessary for the standardization of conclusions, multicenter research and scientific publications.
DIGITAL TWINS AND THEIR APPLIANCE IN TRANSPORT ECONOMICS
Authors: Rimskaya O. N. , Anokhov I. V. 
Published: December 2021

Today digitalization increasingly affects the economy, including the transport industry. The consequence of this is the emergence of digital twins that allow modeling and predicting the behavior of both individual processes and enterprises as a whole.The aim of the article is to investigate the process of digitalization in the transport industry. The theoretical basis of the article was the universal organizational science of A. Bogdanov.The article offers a definition of information, and its classification in relation to the economy at three levels: applied information (technological information), information about algorithms of the owners of factors production behavior (behavioral information) and information, with which the impact on the owners of production factors and the real economy in general (directive information). The totality of these levels of information from the macroeconomic point of view forms an information economy, and from the microeconomic point of view – a digital twin of a particular subject of the real economy.It is proved that the digital economy is a subsystem of the information economy, differs in a binary way of presenting information and is maximally oriented to the management of the real economy.Information precedes all activity, so the real economy is a product of the information economy. Consequently, the technological division of labor is based on a prior informational division of labor. This theoretically allows us to judge the adequacy of the digital twin through the analysis of individual technological levels of the transport enterprise. This hypothesis was applied to the analysis of the Russian railway transport, which gave reason to consider this approach promising for use at macro- and micro-levels both.
Prematurely delivery — observation tactics with account to gestation terms
Authors: Kulakov Vladimir I. , Serov Vladimir N. , Sidelnikova Vera M. 
Published: December 2021

Some disputable matters according to the problem of prematurely labor were presented in this article.
The urgency of the problem is due to the fact that preterm birth determines the level of perinatal mortality and morbidity. The management of labor is determined by the gestational age. Termination of pregnancy in the period of 22-27 weeks is most often due to infection and fetal malformations, determined by this period of gestation. With a gestational age of 28-33 weeks, the percentage of indicated premature births is extremely high due to a complicated course of pregnancy (preeclampsia, placental insufficiency) and severe extragenital diseases. Premature birth at 34-37 weeks is close to timely delivery in terms of labor outcomes.
Pembentukan Karakter Wirausaha Melalui Manajemen Entrepreneurship Berlandaskan Nilai-Nilai Profetik di Pesantren
Authors: Marlina Dwi 
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan sumbangsih mengenai manajemen entreprenuership yang diterapkan dalam sebuah lembaga non formal yaitu pondok pesantren. Hal itu untuk membekali santri yang mandiri sekaligus mengembangkan kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) santri. Pengembangan entreprenuership santri dengan berlandaskan nilai-nilai profetik atau nilai-nilai kenabian yaitu humanisme, liberasi dan transendensi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kepustakaan (Library resarch) dengan teknik analalisis data deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini, Pertama, misi nilai transendensi yang mana santri dalam bertindak dan merencanakan usahanya disertai rasa cinta yang melahirkan rasa tanggungjawab dengan menempatkan rasa cinta kepada Allah sebagai kebenaran yang tertinggi, Kedua, misi nilai liberasi santri dalam menjalankan usahnya tetap berpegang teguh dengan nilai pembebasan manusia dari struktur yang menindas. Ketiga, Misi nilai Humanisasi, santri sebagai manusia merdeka dan berpendidikan mampu menjadikan pribadi yang humanis
Zasada decentralizacji administracji publicznej w świetle personalistycznej koncepcji administracji publicznej i prawa administracyjnego
Authors: Fundowicz Sławomir 
Published: December 2021

Jednym z najbardziej ożywiających kierunków, a zarazem dobrze tłumaczących problem decentralizacji są koncepcje personalistyczne, w swej prawnej treści nawiązujące przede wszystkim do tez Emmanuela Mouniera i Jacques’a Maritaina.
Personalistyczna koncepcja administracji publicznej i prawa administracyjnego w nowy sposób rozświetla zagadnienie decentralizacji publicznej. Dostrzegając człowieka jako osobę, z całym jego bogactwem bytowym, podkreśla jego autonomię, ale też i wspólnotowość. Jednostkowość człowieka jest funkcją materii i dlatego nie wyodrębnia go w stosunku do grupy społecznej, ale podporządkowuje tej grupie na wzór podporządkowania komórki biologicznej całemu organizmowi. Natomiast człowiek jako osoba góruje nad społecznością i ta powinna być jemu przyporządkowana. Dlatego też ostateczną granicą każdej myśli centralistycznej jest osoba ludzka. Nie można jednak wpadać w niebezpieczeństwo indywidualizmu. Bez wspólnoty nie ma bowiem człowieka. Człowiek nie potrzebuje jakiegokolwiek społeczeństwa, ale właśnie wspólnoty – ludzi powiązanych szczególnymi więzami. Tylko w takim środowisku może być osobą.
Natura i funkcja przeszkód małżeńskich w systemie kanonicznego prawa małżeńskiego
Authors: Góralski Wojciech 
Published: December 2021

Proklamowane w kan. 219 KPK (oraz w kan. 778 KKKW) powszechne prawo człowieka do swobodnego wyboru stanu życia znalazło uściślenie w kan. 1058 KPK, który deklaruje prawo do zawarcia małżeństwa: „Wszystkie osoby, którym prawo nie zabrania, mogą zawrzeć małżeństwo”. Generalna norma kan. 1058 KPK zawiera więc klauzulę: „którym prawo nie zabrania”, co oznacza, że prawo do zawarcia małżeństwa może być jednak ograniczone. Jednym z obszarów, w którym istnieje to ograniczenie, są przeszkody małżeńskie zrywające (impedimenta dirimentia).
Stanowiąc w kan. 1073 KPK, że przeszkoda zrywająca czyni osobę niezdolną do zawarcia małżeństwa, ustawodawca określił charakter prawny obowiązujących przeszkód małżeńskich. Impedimentum matrimoniale jest więc prawem, które przede wszystkim zabrania zawierania małżeństwa, ale jest prawem, które wywołuje określone skutki prawne: czyni osobę niezdolną w rozumieniu kan. 10 KPK.
Przeszkody małżeńskie pełnią funkcję ochrony dobra całej wspólnoty i zapobiegania ewentualnej osobistej i bezpośredniej krzywdzie jednej ze stron, przynajmniej gdy chodzi o niektóre przeszkody.
DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE OUTSOURCING TOOL IN BUSINESS
Authors: Balakhonova O. 
Published: December 2021

It is shown that in conditions of the crisis phenomena in world and domestic economy it is necessary to search for new forms and instruments of functioning of trade enterprises. Provided by the widespread use of IT outsourcing as a means of outsourcing by functions for the creation and management of it infrastructure of the commercial enterprise. It solutions and it support aimed at reducing operating costs and reducing the human factor in business processes. Analyzed the following tools that can be used in the framework of the implementation of outsourcing as a form of improving production processes in a retail company: outstaffing – withdrawal of personnel from the state; МRO – maintenance and logistics operations; vendor managed inventory – manage inventory through supplier; the concept of 4PL, which implements the technology of VMI. It is emphasized that the use of outsourcing in the restructuring of commercial enterprise means inventory and reconstruction of economic relations of the enterprise with the aim of creating effective together partner firms, mostly on a contractual basis.
In the development of outsourcing along with the positive factors and negative. However, the influence of factors of the first group is significantly stronger, so the volume of services transmitted in outsourcing is growing rapidly. In each situation the management of the commercial enterprise should be based on hard economic calculations to determine the feasibility of outsourcing.
Estrategias financieras de docentes jefes de hogar durante la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Huayta Supo Josué , Villafuerte Alcántara Ruth Elizabeth , Ríos Azaña Jhonatan , Mamani Quispe Rozinaldo , Sánchez Garcés Jorge 
Published: December 2021

La presente investigación tiene como propósito interpretar a través de un estudio exploratorio cómo los docentes del sector rural y urbano de la ciudad de Juliaca lograron llevar las finanzas y gastos adecuadamente durante la crisis de la pandemia del Covid 19. En este sentido se observó cómo los docentes tuvieron que adaptarse a las clases virtuales y a las diferentes actividades del día a día y cómo este cambio afecto a las finanzas en los hogares de estos mismos dentro de un contexto de pandemia. Por tanto, siendo este contexto un fenómeno atípico se vio necesario realizar una investigación cualitativa de corte fenomenológico; siendo que este tipo de investigación se basa en la experiencia del entrevistado. El instrumento utilizado para la recolección de datos fue la entrevista semiestructurada; conformada por 5 preguntas y estas fueron desarrolladas por 5 iteraciones diferentes a catorce docentes, 7 del sector rural y 7 del sector urbano de la ciudad de Juliaca (Región sur del Perú), posterior a la recolección de datos se procedió con el análisis de los mismos, y luego a la interpretación de los resultados. Los resultados relevantes durante las entrevistas fueron que los docentes solventan sus gastos de vivienda, alimentación, salud, movilidad y compromisos financieros a través de la práctica del ahorro de años anteriores; que permitió la subsistencia en momentos de crisis económica; de igual forma cultivando productos de primera necesidad, productos de la región satisfaciendo la necesidad de alimentación; la práctica del ahorro a través de la movilización a pie de tal forma que cumplan con sus obligaciones bajo el contexto de la pandemia Covid 19.
Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Materi Bangun Ruang dengan Menggunakan Alat Peraga pada Kelas 9H di SMP Negeri 10 Jember Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019
Authors: Sripurwantini Sripurwantini , Zubaidah Eny 
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine the improvement of learning outcomes using visual aids for 9H grade students at SMP Negeri 10 Jember. This research is a type of classroom action research with an iterative and continuous cycle model. The subjects in this study were students of class 9H totaling 32 students consisting of 14 female students and 18 male students. The object in this study is the result of learning simple spatial material. The instruments used are tests that have been validated by experts, observations according to content standards, and documentation. The data analysis technique in this research is qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is an increase in mathematics learning outcomes for students in grade 9H using concrete media in the form of spatial props. This can be seen from the increase in the value of students in building materials before and after being given action. The increase in the average value is from pre-cycle of 67.90 in the first cycle of 80.90 and in the second cycle to 86.30 in the score range of 0-100. The percentage of completeness in the pre-cycle reached 68%, the first cycle reached 81% and in the second cycle it reached 86%. From these results, it can be seen that there was an increase in the average value from pre-cycle to cycle I, which increased by 13.00, from cycle I to cycle II it increased by 5.4 and from pre-cycle to cycle II it increased by 18.40. The final result is known that all students' average scores and the percentage of students' completeness have reached the KKM, so from these results it can be concluded that through concrete media can improve mathematics learning outcomes in simple building materials for grade 9H students at SMP Negeri 10 Jember in the 2018/2019 academic year. .

Keywords: learning outcomes, building materials, teaching aids
Identifikasi Kemampuan Literasi Matematika Siswa Kelas IX SMP Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal PISA Konten Space and Shape
Authors: Lilianawati Lillianawati , Setiawan Toto Bara , Suwito Abi , Rini Purwati Karno 
Published: December 2021

PISA research on Space and Shape content in the test consists of problems of space and shape, changes in relationships, numbers and probabilities. This study aims to identify the mathematical literacy skills of grade IX junior high school students in solving PISA questions with the content of Space and Shape. The subjects in this study were students of class IX A SMP Negeri 5 Kepanjen with an average age of 15 years. This type of research in this research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Data collection conducted in this study is a test method and interview method. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion, it was found that only 2 students or 8.3% of students who had mathematical literacy skills were able to reach level 5.
Efektivitas Metode Penemuan Terbimbing (Guided Discovery) Terhadap Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa Kelas V Materi Pecahan
Authors: Asmianti Puput Ida Ayu , Agustyarini Yhasinta 
Published: December 2021

Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan kemampuan berpikir matematis siswa tidak sesuai dengan prediksi, maka penelitian ini terinspirasi dari temuan tersebut. Pembelajaran dengan pendekatan penemuan terbimbing merupakan salah satu pembelajaran untuk mengembangkan kemampuan penalaran matematis. Masalah penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat apakah metode penemuan terbimbing lebih efektif daripada metode konvensional dalam meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat apakah kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa meningkat akibat penggunaan metode pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimen semu yang menggabungkan dua jenis pembelajaran: pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing dan pembelajaran konvensional. Dalam penelitian ini, partisipan adalah siswa kelas atas di MIS Setia Bhakti Trawas Kabupaten Mojokerto. Purposive sampling digunakan, dan dua kelas dikumpulkan sebagai sampel penelitian. Sebuah ujian kemampuan penalaran matematis digunakan sebagai alat penelitian.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran penemuan terbimbing lebih meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematisnya dibandingkan siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran konvensional
The Effect of Green Technology Adoption Strategy on Duopoly Competition
Authors: Shen Chenglin , Zhang Xinxin 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Given consumers’ trade-offs between conventional economic and environmental attributes of products, we provide a game-theoretic model to explore the role of GTA strategy in duopoly competition by incorporating two salient features: Two product types — The green product produced by a firm with GTA strategy and the ordinary product produced by a firm without GTA strategy, and two consumer segments, i.e., the green consumers who are willing to pay for green products and the ordinary consumers who are willing to pay for ordinary products. Our analysis shows that GTA strategy may either increase or decrease the green firm’s quality provision. The subtle relationship between the green firm’s quality strategy and GTA strategy not only affects its own equilibrium performances but its rival’s. We also find that two consumer segments may be better off in the presence of a lower GTA intensity. Additionally, although the GTA strategy benefits the environment, the GTA investment is not the more the better. Finally, we find that GTA strategy would lead to higher social welfare only when the GTA efficiency is high enough. Our work not only provides an alternative economic explanation why some firms choose to implement GTA strategy and some do not in reality, but gives managerial insights for firms with different GTA strategies as well as policy insights for the social planner.
Determinants of Neonatal Mortality in Kenya: Evidence from the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2014
Authors: Imbo Akinyi , Mbuthia Elizabeth , Ngotho Douglas 
Published: December 2021

Background: Globally, there has been a marked decline in neonatal mortality and overall child mortality indicators from 1990 to date. In Kenya, neonatal deaths remain unacceptably high, contributing to 40% of under-five mortality rates (U5MR) making it an important health priority. The objective of this study was to identify the determinants of neonatal mortality in Kenya. An understanding of the determinants of neonatal mortality will provide evidence for better interventions to reduce these deaths.
Methods: Neonatal deaths from singleton live-born infants were extracted from women’s dataset collected for the 5-year period preceding the study published in the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS), 2014. Data were obtained from 18,951 births. There were 356 neonatal deaths recorded. Data were weighted using an individual weighting factor to adjust for the study design and reduce sample variability. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0. Logistic regression was conducted to adjust for confounding factors.
Results: Neonatal mortality rate was established at 19/1000 (95% CI:16.8-20.7). Mothers with no education had higher odds of experiencing deaths of neonates with adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR)=2.201, 95% CI: 1.43-4.15,p=0.049) compared to mothers with higher education. Low Birth Weight (LBW) neonates were 3.2 times likely to die in the first 28 days (aOR=3.206, 95% CI: 1.85-12.08, p=0.006) compared to neonates with >3.5 kilograms at birth. Mothers who did not attend ANC during pregnancy and those who attended between 1-3 ANC visits had higher odds of losing their infants (aOR=3.348, 95% CI:1.616-8.53, p=0.041, and aOR=2.316, 95% CI: 1.10-4.88, p=0.027) respectively, compared to mothers who attended >4 ANC visits.
Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Improving maternal health and nutrition during pregnancy should be enhanced to ensure adequate weight gain and reduce instances of low birth weight. Community referrals and follow-up for expectant women to take up the requisite 4 ANC visits should be encouraged. Girls’ education should be emphasized to reduce the proportion of illiterate mothers.

Copyright © 2021 Imbo et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
Geographic, Health Care Access, Racial Discrimination, and Socioeconomic Determinants of Maternal Mortality in Georgia, United States
Authors: Armstrong-Mensah Elizabeth Afibah , Dada Damilola , Bowers Amber , Muhammad Aruba , Nnoli Chisom 
Published: December 2021

Over the past decade, the United States has been taking steps to reduce its rising maternal mortality rate. However, these steps have yet to produce positive results in the state of Georgia, which tops the list of all 50 states with the highest maternal mortality rate of 46.2 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births for all women, and a maternal mortality rate of 66.6 deaths per 100,000 live births for African American women. In Georgia, several social determinants of health such as the physical environment, economic stability, health care access, and the quality of maternal care contribute to the high maternal mortality rate. Addressing these determinants will help to reduce the state’s maternal mortality rate. This commentary discusses the relationship between social determinants of health and maternal mortality rates in Georgia. It also proposes strategies for reversing the trend.We conducted an ecological study of the relationship between social determinants of health and maternal mortality in Georgia. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar and reviewed 80 English articles published between 2005 and 2021. We identified five key social determinants associated with high maternal mortality rates in Georgia - geographic location of obstetric services, access to health care providers, socioeconomic status, racism, and discrimination. We found that expanding Medicaid coverage, reducing maternal health care disparities among the races, providing access to maternal care for women in rural areas, and training a culturally competent health workforce, will help to reduce Georgia’s high maternal mortality rate.

Copyright © 2021 Armstrong-Mensah et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
Orthodontic treatment in impacted maxillary canines. A review of the literature
Authors: Aquino-Valverde Alexandra J. , Barrientos-Sánchez Datfne Milagros , Atoche-Socola Katherine Joselyn 
Published: December 2021

The prevalence of impacted maxillary canines is 1 to 3%, with approximately 50% of impacted canines causing root resorption of adjacent teeth. If the permanent canine has not acquired its correct position, evaluation by an orthodontist is necessary to determine the most adequate treatment. Surgery and orthodontic treatment are used for the treatment of impacted canines in the maxilla affecting permanent dentition. Selection of the most adequate treatment to achieve the correct position of the canine tooth depends on the position of the canine. This article summarizes the different techniques available and describes their advantages, and cost-benefit considerations. The objective of this literature review is to describe the etiology of impacted maxillary canines and provide an update of the information on orthodontic treatments available for these patients.