bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbial alpha diversity in the intestine negatively correlated with disease duration in patients with Meniere’s disease
Authors: Mochizuki Fumihiro , Komori Manabu , Shimizu Jun , Sasano Yoshiyuki , Ito Yusuke , Hoffer Michael E. , Miyabe Yoshishige , Koizuka Izumi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMénière’s disease (MD) is characterized by loss of balance and hearing disorders. Although there is known to be endolymphatic hydrops involved in the pathological process, the pathogenesis of the disease is still largely unclear. Approximately half of patients with MD suffer from depressive symptoms and high levels of several stress hormones were observed in MD and depression, simultaneously. Recently, gut microbes have been shown to influence the function of the central nervous system in humans through their metabolites. We studied the intestinal microbiota of 10 patients with MD and 11 healthy donors (HD). Significant negative correlations were found between disease duration and alpha diversity indexes of gut microbes in patients with MD. The relative abundance of the species Butyricicoccus ambiguous taxa was increased in patients with MD compared with that of HD. In contrast, Oscillospiraceae UCG-002/UCG-005 ambiguous taxa and Anaerovoracaceae (Eubacterium) brachy group uncultured bacterium were increased in the relative abundance of HD than that of patients with MD. The relative abundance of the Butyricicoccus species was positively correlated with disease duration. Thus, these compositional alterations of gut microbes in patients with MD are associated with inner ear pathologies, such as endolymphatic hydrops, by changing the metabolite profiles in the intestine.
New structure of step-up DC-DC converter based on three winding coupled inductor with high gain capability featuring integrated renewable energy applications
Authors: Aghakhanlou Pouneh , Falahi Fatemeh , Nadermohammadi Ali , Sarikhan Hasan , Hosseini Seyed Hossein , Rostami Naghi , Sabahi Mehran 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis research presents an innovative design for a non-isolated DC-DC converter, which utilizes a single switch in a high step-up configuration. The key element of this design is a three-winding coupled inductor (TWCI), which plays a crucial role in achieving a substantial voltage increase. By utilizing a low duty cycle, the converter minimizes conduction losses in the power switch, resulting in enhanced efficiency. The converter offers several benefits, including reduced voltage stress on both power switches and diodes, a common ground, high efficiency, a simple structure and control mechanism, and fewer components. The study thoroughly examines the converter’s operational modes and provides a comparison with other types of converters to highlight its distinctive characteristics. To validate the converter’s performance, a 400 W prototype was developed and tested in the lab, operating with a 20 V input, a 260 V output, and a switching frequency of 50 kHz.
Curiosity shapes spatial exploration and cognitive map formation in humans
Authors: Cen Danlu , Teichert Eva , Hodgetts Carl J. , Gruber Matthias J. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCognitive maps are thought to arise, at least in part, from our intrinsic curiosity to explore unknown places. However, it remains untested how curiosity shapes aspects of spatial exploration in humans. Combining a virtual reality task with indices of exploration complexity, we found that pre-exploration curiosity states predicted how much individuals spatially explored environments, whereas markers of visual exploration determined post-exploration feelings of interest. Moreover, individual differences in curiosity traits, particularly Stress Tolerance, modulated the relationship between curiosity and spatial exploration, suggesting the capacity to cope with uncertainty enhances the curiosity-exploration link. Furthermore, both curiosity and spatial exploration predicted how precisely participants could recall spatial-relational details of the environment, as measured by a sketch map task. These results provide new evidence for a link between curiosity and exploratory behaviour, and how curiosity might shape cognitive map formation.
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) internalization does not rely on DPP4 cytoplasmic tail signaling
Authors: Thankamani Karthika , Shubham Divakar , Kandpal Gayatri , Isaac Ann Mary , Kavitha Modenkattil Sethumadhavan , Raj V. Stalin 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMiddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infects respiratory epithelial cells in humans and camels by binding to dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) as its entry receptor. DPP4 is a multifunctional type II membrane protein with a long ectodomain and a short six-amino-acid (aa) cytoplasmic tail. MERS-CoV is known to bind to the ectodomain of DPP4 to gain entry into the host cell. However, the role of the cytoplasmic tail in the entry process remains unclear. Here, we show that mutating or deleting individual aa residues or the entire cytoplasmic tail of DPP4 (ΔcytDPP4) does not completely prevent DPP4 from being inserted into the membrane or from allowing the binding of the MERS-CoV spike protein and pseudovirus infection. Although two mutants, ΔcytDPP4, and a single aa deleted DPP4 (ΔK6DPP4) displayed less surface presentation than wtDPP4, the spike protein could still bind and localize on different DPP4 mutants. The reduced surface expression of ΔK6DPP4 might be due to the extended transmembrane domain, which is altered by the hydrophobic tryptophan (W) residue adjacent to the deleted K6. Furthermore, HEK293T cells transiently expressing DPP4 mutants were permeable to MERS-CoV pseudovirus infection. Not only transiently expressing cells but also cells stably expressing the ΔcytDPP4 mutant were susceptible to MERS-CoV pseudoviral infection, indicating that the DPP4 cytoplasmic tail is not required for MERS-CoV entry. Overall, these data suggest that, although MERS-CoV binds to DPP4, other host factors may need to interact with DPP4 or the spike protein to trigger internalization.
Automated and virus variant-programmable surrogate test qualitatively compares to the gold standard SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay
Authors: Ali Danielle W. , Bartlett Maggie L. , Heger Christopher D. , Ramirez Francisco , Johnson Linwood , Schully Kevin L. , Laing Eric D. , Wang Wei , Weiss Carol D. , Goguet Emilie , Broder Christopher C. , Richard Stephanie A. , Epsi Nusrat J. , Agan Brian , Tribble David , Simons Mark P. , Burgess Timothy H. , Mitre Edward , Pollett Simon , Smith Darci R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe ongoing emergence of new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants underscores the need for rapid, adaptable, high-throughput testing. However, assays for neutralizing antibodies, which are a good measure of viral protection, usually require cell culture and either infectious SARS-CoV-2 or pseudotyped viral particles. To circumvent the challenges of cell-based assays, SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus neutralization tests (sVNTs) measure inhibition of the binding of the spike (S) protein receptor binding domain (RBD) to its receptor, human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) by neutralizing antibodies. Here we tested a prototype automated microfluidic cartridge-based sVNT platform using SARS-CoV-2 wild-type (WT) and B.1.617.2 (Delta) variant RBDs. This sVNT showed a high correlation with cell-based neutralization assays for biospecimens collected post-COVID-19 vaccination and post-SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as for pre-pandemic SARS-CoV-2 negative sera. Thus, this assay, which takes less than 80 min, is a relatively simple, safe, and accurate alternative to traditional VNTs.
Structure of the Nipah virus polymerase complex
Authors: Balıkçı Esra , Günl Franziska , Carrique Loïc , Keown Jeremy R , Fodor Ervin , Grimes Jonathan M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Nipah virus is a highly virulent zoonotic paramyxovirus causing severe respiratory and neurological disease. Despite its lethality, there is no approved treatment for Nipah virus infection. The viral polymerase complex, composed of the polymerase (L) and phosphoprotein (P), replicates and transcribes the viral RNA genome. Here, we describe structures of the Nipah virus L-P polymerase complex and the L-protein’s Connecting Domain (CD). The cryo-electron microscopy L-P complex structure reveals the organization of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and polyribonucleotidyl transferase (PRNTase) domains of the L-protein, and shows how the P-protein, which forms a tetramer, interacts with the RdRp-domain of the L-protein. The crystal structure of the CD-domain alone reveals binding of three Mg ions. Modelling of this domain onto an AlphaFold 3 model of an RNA-L-P complex suggests a catalytic role for one Mg ion in mRNA capping. These findings offer insights into the structural details of the L-P polymerase complex and the molecular interactions between L-protein and P-protein, shedding light on the mechanisms of the replication machinery. This work will underpin efforts to develop antiviral drugs that target the polymerase complex of Nipah virus.
Unified multiwavelength data analysis workflow with gammapy
Authors: Nievas Rosillo M. , Acero F. , Otero-Santos J. , Vazquez Acosta M. , Terrier R. , Morcuende D. , Arbet-Engels A. 
Published: December 2024

Context. The flat-spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ) OP 313 entered an enhanced activity phase in November 2023 and has undergone multiple flares since then. This activity has motivated the organization of several large multi-wavelength campaigns, including two deep observations from the hard X-ray telescope NuSTAR. We investigate the broadband emission from OP 313 during these two observations, based on a new unified analysis framework, with data in the optical to γ rays.
Aims. Traditional methods for analyzing blazar emission often rely on proprietary software tailored to specific instruments, making it challenging to integrate and interpret data from multiwavelength campaigns in a comprehensive way. This study demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing gammapy, an open-source Python package, together with common data formats originally developed for γ-ray instrumentation to perform a consistent multi-instrument analysis. This enables a forward-folding approach that fully incorporates source observations, detector responses, and various instrumental and astrophysical backgrounds. This methodology has been applied to an example set of recent data collected from the distant quasar OP 313.
Methods. We present a comprehensive data reconstruction and analysis for instruments including the Liverpool Telescope’s IO:O detector, Swift-UVOT, Swift-XRT, NuSTAR, and Fermi-LAT. The resulting spectral analysis has been validated against the native tools for each instrument. Additionally, we developed a multiwavelength phenomenological model of the source emission, encompassing the optical to γ-ray bands and incorporating absorption components across different energy regimes.
Results. We have introduced and validated a new unified framework for multiwavelength forward-folding data analysis based on gammapy and open data formats, demonstrating its application to spectral data from the quasar OP 313. This approach provides a more statistically correct treatment of the data than fitting a collection of flux points extracted from the different instruments. This study is the first to use a common event data format and analysis tool covering 11 orders of magnitude in energy, from approximately 1 eV to 100 GeV. The high-level event data, instrument response functions, and models are provided in a gammapy-compatible format, ensuring accessibility and reproducibility of scientific results. A brief discussion on the origin of the broadband emission of OP 313 is also included in this work.
Magnetoelectric properties and Morin type spin transitions of Na-doped GaFeO3
Authors: Rahmany Zamzama , S Savitha Pillai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The effects of Na doping on the structure magnetic, electric, and magnetoelectric properties of GaFeO3 were studied. Rietveld refinement of the XRD data reveals the formation of a single-phase trigonal structure with no impurity on Na doping up to 50% and a significant increase in lattice strain with doping. FTIR and Raman analysis further supported the phase purity of the samples. The morphology of the samples was studied using FESEM, and the particle size increased with Na doping. Magnetic data shows room temperature ferrimagnetic properties. Temperature-dependent magnetization measurements revealed a noticeable change from GaFeO3, exhibiting a Morin-like transition at 182 K for the lowest Na content. This AFM transition temperature increased to 217 K with the highest Na doping levels. The temperature-dependent Raman spectra do not reveal any structural phase transition and show a distinct change in phonon modes near the spin reorientation temperature. The leakage current density of the samples at 100 volts increased from 10−8 A cm−2 to (10−4–10−5 A cm−2) with Na doping. The frequency-dependent dielectric constant increased largely with doping. The magnetoelectric coupling coefficient measured at room temperature rises for x = 0.05 to (36.2 ps m−1) and slowly decreases as Na concentration increases.
Transfer matrix in graphene-like materials: the case of silicene and transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Ibarra-Reyes M , Pérez-Álvarez R , Rodríguez-Vargas I 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The fundamental properties of 1D Dirac-like problems in silicene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are derived with the use of the transfer matrix. Analytic expressions for the transmission coefficient and the bound states are obtained for these 2D materials. The continuity between states of perfect transmission and bound states is also addressed in silicene and TMDs. The similarities and differences with respect to the fundamental properties of 1D Dirac-like problems in graphene derived with the transfer matrix (Ibarra-Reyes et al 2023 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
35 395301) are discussed.
Newly formed carbon nanotubes as counter electrodes for wire-shaped Dye-sensitized solar cells (WDSSCs)
Authors: Ahmad Arsalan , M Alshehri Badria , Kanjariya Prakash , Kumar Nitin , Sharma Rohit , Kalyani Teku , Kumari Bharti , Al-Dossari Mawaheb , EL-Gawaad N S Abd 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this study, the electrodeposition method is employed to treat carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with polythiophene (PTh), polypyrrole (PPy), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), and polyaniline (PANI) polymers, and used them as counter electrodes (CEs) in the structure of wire-shaped dye-sensitized solar cells (WDSSCs). Photoanodes are made of Ti wires that have been anodized and surface treated to produce TiO2. We used FESEM images, FTIR, EIS, CV, and Tafel analyses for characterization. Electrochemical methods demonstrate that PEDOT and PANI CEs have higher electrocatalytic activity than that of PTh and PPy polymers, resulting in more current for the WDSSCs. Furthermore, PANI and PEDOT CEs have higher electrocatalytic activity than platinum wire, which is promising. The efficiency of the wire-shaped solar cell based on PEDOT and PANI CEs are 8.51 and 8.58%, which are improved respectively by 7 and 8% compared to the Pt sample, indicating that it could be a promising replacement for this expensive element. Furthermore, the power conversion efficiency test for wire-shaped solar cells using polymer CEs demonstrates their proper performance at various bending angles as well as their high mechanical stability. The long-term stability of wire-shaped solar cells (2000 hours) demonstrates that PANI and PEDOT solar cells have maintained respectively 94 and 88% of their initial efficiency.
TiS2 quantum dots composite carbon nanotubes aerogel with electromagnetic interference shielding effect
Authors: Kong Mengnan , Zhou Liangliang , Chao Xingbing , Chang Zhangyong , Wang Qing 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Titanium disulfide quantum dots (TiS2 QDs) has garnered significant research interest due to its distinctive electronic and optical properties. However, the effectiveness of TiS2 QDs in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding is influenced by various factors, including their size, morphology, monodispersity, tunable bandgap, Stokes shift and interfacial effects. In this study, we propose a systematic approach for the synthesis of TiS2 QDs with small size (3.1 nm), uniform dispersion (∼1.5 nm), a transition from indirect to direct bandgap (bulk 0.09 eV-monolayer 0.69 eV), large Stokes shift (∼93 nm) and larger surface area containing multiple active interfaces, achieved through ultrasound-assisted liquid phase processing. Subsequently, these QDs are combined with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to fabricate an aerogel with outstanding EMI shielding capabilities. The resulting TiS2 QDs composite CNTs (C-TiS2) aerogel demonstrates robust EMI shielding of 51.9 dB within the microwave X-band (8–12.4 GHz) due to its porous and lightweight structure, effectively mitigating incoming electromagnetic (EM) radiation. Overall, this study highlights the promising properties of C-TiS2 aerogel for applications in both civilian and military fields.
Synthesis of anisotropic silica nanoparticles by organic amine with diverse structures
Authors: Fan Yuanqing , Wei Lili , Kang Libin , Che Shunai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Herein, we synthesized anisotropic silica nanoparticles (AISNPs) with organic amines with different structures. Monoamines and diamines with distance between amine groups shorter than ca. 4 Å have been observed to facilitate the formation of isotropic silica nanoparticles (ISNPs). AISNPs were synthesized with diamines with distance between amine groups longer than ca. 4 Å and linear structures of triamines. Non-linear structures with amine groups positioned in a triangular configuration and the cage-like structure of tetra-amines directed the formation of ISNPs. It has been speculated that the formation of AISNPs would be due to the spherical primary particles connecting by organic amines with two or more amine groups with distances between them longer than ca. 4 Å. On the contrary, the formation of ISNPs would be attributed to the adsorption of two amine groups on the same primary particles, or to steric hindrance that prevent their connection.
The structure of the toric locus of a reaction network
Authors: Craciun Gheorghe , Jin Jiaxin , Sorea Miruna-Ştefana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We consider toric dynamical systems, which are also called complex-balanced mass-action systems. These are remarkably stable polynomial dynamical systems that arise from the analysis of mathematical models of reaction networks when, under the assumption of mass-action kinetics, they can give rise to complex-balanced equilibria. Given a reaction network, we study the set of parameter values for which the network gives rise to toric dynamical systems, also called the toric locus of the network. The toric locus is an algebraic variety, and we are especially interested in its topological properties. We show that complex-balanced equilibria depend continuously on the parameter values in the toric locus, and, using this result, we prove that the toric locus has a remarkable product structure: it is homeomorphic to the product of the set of complex-balanced flux vectors and the affine invariant polyhedron of the network. In particular, it follows that the toric locus is a contractible manifold. Finally, we show that the toric locus is invariant with respect to bijective affine transformations of the generating reaction network.
Birkhoff normal form in low regularity for the nonlinear quantum harmonic oscillator
Authors: Abou Khalil Charbella 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Given small initial solutions of the nonlinear quantum harmonic oscillator on

R

, we are interested in their long time behaviour in the energy space which is an adapted Sobolev space. We perturbate the linear part by V taken as multiplicative potentials, in a way that the linear frequencies satisfy a non-resonance condition. More precisely, we prove that for almost all potentials

V
,

the low modes of the solution are almost preserved for very long times.
Global well-posedness, ill-posedness and long time behavior of solutions of the surface electromigration equation
Authors: Zhou Deqin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the Cauchy problem and the long time behavior of the two-dimensional surface electromigration (SEM) equation. Firstly, we prove that the SEM equation is locally well-posed in

H
s

(

R

2

)

with

s
>
−

1
4

, and globally well-posed in

L
2

(

R

2

)

without smallness assumption. Secondly, we prove that the SEM equation is ill-posed in

H
s

(

R

2

)

with

s
<
−

1
4

in the sense that the solution map is not C
2. Finally, we get a local energy decay result of the global solution in a growing unbounded in time region but not containing the soliton region. Our well-posedness results extend the latest findings in Linares et al (2021 Nonlinearity
34 5213–33), where the authors proved that the SEM equation is locally well-posed in

H
s

(

R

2

)

with

s
>

1
2

. The key ingredient in this paper is to rewrite the linear and nonlinear part in the SEM equation into symmetric separate dispersive terms on the two space variables and some divergence form, respectively. After this invertible process, we use two bilinear estimates in the modified Fourier restriction space introduced in Kinoshita (2021 Ann. Inst. Henri Poincare C 38 451–505) to relax the local well-posedness index from

s
>

1
2

to

s
>
−

1
4

.
Impact of applied voltage, air gap, and ground arrangement on discharge power and dielectric capacitance in a volume DBD plasma
Authors: Gohain Reetesh Borpatra , Biswas Subir 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Electrical parameters such as total equivalent capacitance, dielectric capacitance, and average discharge power of a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD)-cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) setup have been determined and their dependency on the applied voltage, air gap, and ground arrangement have been investigated. Considering a more practical scenario of DBD-CAP application in material processing and biomedical fields, three different ground arrangements: (i) bare ground, (ii) glass slide covered ground and (iii) water in a petri dish on the ground electrode have been considered in this study. The electrical parameters are determined by interpreting the charge-voltage (Q-V) plot of the DBD-CAP obtained experimentally. The value of effective dielectric capacitance (ζ

d
) determined from Q-V plot at a lower applied voltage is less, and approaches the geometrically calculated value (C

d
) at higher applied voltage which signifies the DBD discharge occurs from the partial area of the electrode surface. Discharge power and discharge efficiency increase with the applied voltage (V

a
). Empirical fit of the obtained discharge power shows the increase is proportional to

(

V

a

−
B
)

2

, where the value of constant B is close to the value of threshold voltage for the discharge.