bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Casual Effect of Serum Lipid Biomarkers On Early Age-Related Macular Degeneration Using Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Li Fen-Fen , Wang Yuqin , Chen Qi , Xiang Lue , Rao Feng-Qin , Shen Li-Jun , Zheng Qin-Xiang , Yi Quanyong , Huang Xiu Feng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the major causes of vision loss. Early AMD needs to be taken seriously, whereas lipid biomarkers’ casual effects on early AMD remain unclear.
Methods
In this study, a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to systematically assess the causal relationships between seven serum lipid biomarkers, consisting of apolipoprotein A (ApoA), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), total cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), direct low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), lipoprotein A [Lp(a)], and triglycerides (TG), and the risk of early AMD. Totally, 14,034 cases and 91,214 controls of European ancestry were included in the analysis (Number of SNPs = 11,304,110).
Results
MR estimates showed that a higher HDL-C level was strongly associated with increased risk of early AMD (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.15-1.35, P = 2.61 × 10−8). In addition, the level of ApoA was also positively associated with the risk of early AMD (OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.50-2.77, P = 6.27 × 10−6). Conversely, higher LDL-C levels significantly decreased the risk of early AMD (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.85-0.96, P = 2.03 × 10−3). In addition to LDL-C, higher levels of ApoB and TG were found to be positively associated with early AMD risk. Sensitivity analyses further supported these associations. Moreover, multivariable MR analyses, adjusting for the effects of correlated lipid biomarkers yielded similar results.
Conclusion
This study addresses the question of causality relationships that elevated circulating HDL-C/ApoA levels and increased risk of early AMD, whereas LDL-C, ApoB, and TG specifically reduce the risk of early AMD. These findings contribute to our better understanding of the role of lipid metabolism in drusen formation, particularly in early AMD development.
Central Diabetes Insipidus caused by Therapeutic Hypothermia after Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation with Carbon Monoxide Poisoning：A Case Report
Authors: Lei Shi , Song Haijing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Central diabetes insipidus(DI) usually has hypernatremia and increased urine output as the main clinical manifestations. It is also a rare complication of therapeutic hypothermia after cardiopulmonary resuscitation and carbon monoxide poisoning, but it may be fatal if it is not recognized in time. This case describes a patient who experienced cardiac arrest due to carbon monoxide poisoning, and then successfully restored his spontaneous heart rate after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. However, the patient experienced unexpected hypernatremia and increased urine output during therapeutic hypothermia, and was diagnosed with central DI as a complication of cerebral edema. After treatment, he eventually developed spontaneous breathing and corrected electrolyte imbalances.Central DI should be taken seriously as a possible complication of increased urine output during therapeutic hypothermia after carbon monoxide poisoning cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and pituitary vasopressin should be used to treat central DI.
Hypermethylation of TMEM240 Involved in Expression Deficiency Predicts Poor Hormone Therapy Response and Disease Progression in Breast Cancer
Authors: Lin Ruo-Kai , Su Chih-Ming , Lin Shih-Yun , Thu Le Thi Anh , Liew Phui-Ly , Chen Jian-Yu , Tzeng Huey-En , Hung Chin-Sheng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background:Approximately 25% of patients with early-stage breast cancer experience cancer progression throughout the disease course. Alterations in TMEM240 in breast cancer were identified and investigated to monitor treatment response and disease progression.Methods:Circulating methylated TMEM240 in the plasma of breast cancer patients was used to monitor treatment response and relapse events. Illumina methylation arrays were used to identify novel hypermethylated CpG sites and genes related to poor hormone therapy response. Quantitative methylation-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (QMSP), quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to measure DNA methylation, mRNA and protein expression levels in 335 breast samples from Taiwanese and Korean patients. Kaplan–Meier curves, Cox proportional hazards regression and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to analyze 10-year survival and disease progression. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was used to investigate TMEM240 alterations in Western countries. Transient transfection and knockdown of TMEM240 were performed to determine its biological functions and its relationship to hormone drug treatment response in breast cancer cells.Results: Aberrant methylated TMEM240 was identified in breast cancer patients with poor hormone therapy response using genome-wide methylation analysis in the Taiwan and TCGA breast cancer cohorts. A cell model showed that TMEM240, which is localized to the cell membrane and cytoplasm, represses breast cancer cell proliferation and cell migration. TMEM240 protein expression was observed in normal breast tissues, but not detected in 88.2% (67/76) of breast tumors and in 90.0% (9/10) of metastatic tumors from breast cancer patients. Almost all triple-negative breast cancer patients (95.7%, 22/23) had deficient TMEM240 protein expression. QMSP revealed that in 54.5% (55/101) of Taiwanese breast cancer patients, the methylation level of TMEM240 was at least 2-fold higher in tumor tissues than in the matched normal breast tissues. Patients with hypermethylation of TMEM240 had poor 10-year overall survival (p = 0.003) and poor treatment response, especially hormone therapy response (p < 0.001). Prediction of disease progression based on circulating methylated TMEM240 was found to have 87.5% sensitivity, 93.1% specificity, and 90.2% accuracy, better than the currently used biomarkers CEA and CA-153.Conclusions: Circulating methylated TMEM240 is a potential biomarker for treatment response and disease progression monitoring in breast cancer.
Direct Conversion of Cellulose Into 5-HMF By Transition-Metal Doped Montmorillonite Catalyst In Water
Authors: Tunç Ebru , Hoşgün Emir Zafer , Hoşgün Halit L. , Bozan Berrin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this study, transition metal doped montmorillonite catalyts (Cr-MMT, Cu-MMT, Fe-MMT and Zn-MMT) were successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method and evaluated for the conversion of cellulose to 5-HMF in the water media. Metal-MMT catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, Ammonia-TPD and pyridine-FTIR to investigate the properties of the samples. Using Cr-MMT, an efficient conversion of cellulose to 5-HMF was achieved in the water system, affording a conversion yield 93.47% and 5-HMF yield 9.07% within 6 h at 200oC.
Anatomical Considerations for Appropriate Mini-plate Positioning in Open-Door Laminoplasty To Avoid Plate Impingement and Screw Facet Violation
Authors: Yang Jae Jun , Park Sehan 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to describe a safe zone for mini-plate positioning that can avoid instrument-related complications in laminoplasty.
Methods
The posterior surface length and inferior pole angle of the lateral mass were measured at each level using computed tomography. The safe zone was defined based on these measurements. Incidences of screw facet violation and plate impingement were recorded.
Results
Among 40 patients included, 15 (37.5%) had inappropriate plate positioning, causing screw facet violation or plate impingement, which more commonly occurred at distal (C5, C6) and proximal (C3, C4) levels, respectively. Lateral mass posterior surface length was shorter at the proximal levels, and the inferior pole angle of the lateral mass was smaller at the distal levels, signifying that the lateral mass became thin and long at the distal levels. Inserting the mini-plate with plate-to-lateral mass inferior pole distances of 4–5 mm and 5–6 mm at the C3–C5 and C6–C7 levels, respectively, would avoid instrument-related complications.
Conclusion
The risk of plate impingement was higher at the proximal level, whereas the risk of screw facet violation was higher at the distal level in open-door cervical laminoplasty. These risks coincide with anatomical differences at each level.
Investigation of the Effects of Silage Type, Silage Consumption, Birth Type and Birth Weight on Live Weight in Kıvırcık Lambs With MARS and Bagging MARS Algorithms.
Authors: ŞENGÜL Ömer , Çelik Şenol , AK İbrahim 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the effect of silage type, silage consumption, birth type (single or twin) and birth weight on live weight at the end of fattening in Kıvırcık lambs. In the experiment, 40 male Kıvırcık lambs aged 2.5-3 months were used and the animals were fattened for 56 days. During the fattening period, the lambs fed with 5 different types of silage (100% sunflower silage, 75% sunflower + 25% corn silage, 50% sunflower + 50% corn silage, 25% sunflower + 75% corn silage, 100% corn silage) pure and mixed in different proportions and concentrate feed. Data on fattening results were analyzed with MARS and Bagging MARS algorithms. The main objective of this research is to predict live weight of lambs using Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) and Bagging MARS algorithms as a nonparametric regression technique. Live weight value was modeled based on factors such as birth type, birth weight, silage type and silage consumption. Correlation coefficient (r), determination coefficient (R2), Adjust R2, Root-mean-square error (RMSE), standard deviation ratio (SD ratio), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean absolute deviation (MAD), and Akaike Information Criteria (AIC) values of MARS algorithm predicting live weight were as follows: 0.9986, 0.997, 0.977, 0.142, 0.052, 0.2389, 0.086 and -88 respectively. Like statistics for Bagging MARS algorithm were 0.754, 0.556, 0.453, 1.8, 0.666, 3.96, 1.47 and 115 respectively. It was observed that MARS and Bagging MARS algorithms have revealed correct results according to goodness of fit statistics. However, it has been revealed that MARS algorithm gives better results in live weight modeling.
Cytokines, miRNAs, and Antioxidants as Combined Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Ghit Amr , Deeb Hany El 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background:Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common long-term degenerative disorders of the CNS that primarily affects the human locomotor system. Owing to the heterogeneity of PD etiology and the lack of appropriate diagnostic tests, blood-based biomarkers became the most promising method for diagnosing PD. Even though various biomarkers for PD have been found, their specificity and sensitivity are not optimum when used alone. Therefore, the aim of this study was directed to evaluate changes in a group of sensitive blood-based biomarkers in the same PD patients compared to healthy individuals. Serum samples were collected from 20 PD patients and 15 age-matched healthy controls. We analyzed serum levels of cytokines (IL10, IL12, and TNF-α), α-synuclein proteins, miRNAs (miR-214, miR-221, and miR-141) and antioxidants (UA, PON1, ARE).Results:Our results showed an increase in sera levels of cytokines in PD patients as well as a positive correlation among them. Also, we found a significant increase in sera levels of α-synuclein protein associated with a decrease in miR-214 which regulates its gene expression. Lastly, we observed a decrease in sera levels of miR-221, miR-141, UA, PON1, and ARE, which have a prominent role against oxidative stress.Conclusion:Because of the many etiologies of PD, a single measure is unlikely to become a useful biomarker. Therefore, to correctly predict disease state and progression, a mix of noninvasive biomarkers is required. Although considerable work has to be done, this study sheds light on the role of certain biomarkers in the diagnosis of PD.
Real-World Efficacy of Letermovir Prophylaxis for Cytomegalovirus Infection After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Yoshimura Hideaki , Satake Atsushi , Ishii Yuka , Ichikawa Jun , Saito Ryo , Konishi Akiko , Hotta Masaaki , Nakanishi Takahisa , Fujita Shinya , Ito Tomoki , Ishii Kazuyoshi , Nomura Shosaku 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common complication following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) and is associated with increased mortality. Letermovir (LET) is a novel antiviral drug used to prevent CMV infection. We retrospectively analyzed 111 consecutive patients who underwent aHSCT to evaluate the efficacy of LET prophylaxis for clinically significant CMV (csCMV) infection in real-world situations and analyzed the influence of LET on transplant outcomes. Thirty-eight patients who were prophylactically administered LET were compared with 73 patients without LET prophylaxis for aHSCT. On Day 180, the cumulative incidence of csCMV infection in patients who received LET prophylaxis was significantly lower than that in patients without LET prophylaxis (29.7% vs. 56.2%, P <0.001). Among patients who developed csCMV infection, the interval from aHSCT to the initiation of preemptive therapy was significantly longer in patients who received LET prophylaxis than in those who did not receive LET prophylaxis (129.5 days vs. 42 days, P <0.001). Six-month overall survival was 86.1% in patients who received LET prophylaxis and 66.8% in the non-LET group (P = 0.035). LET prophylaxis was highly effective in preventing csCMV infection in real-world situations and could potentially improve transplant outcomes, particularly when initiated early after transplantation.
Aqueous phase conversion of CO2 into acetic acid over thermally transformed MIL-88B
Authors: Ahmad Waqar , Koley Paramita , Dwivedi Swarit , Shrotri Abhijit , Tanksale Akshat 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sustainable production of acetic acid (AA) is a high priority due to its high global manufacturing capacity and numerous applications. Currently it is predominantly synthesized via carbonylation of methanol, in which both the reactants are fossil-derived. CO2 transformation into AA is highly desirable to achieve net zero carbon emissions, but significant challenges remain to achieve this efficiently. Herein, we report a heterogeneous catalyst, thermally transformed MIL-88B with Fe0 and Fe3O4 dual active sites, for highly selective AA formation via methanol hydrocarboxylation. This efficient catalyst showed high AA yield (590.1 mmol/gcat.L) with 81.7% selectivity at 150°C in aqueous phase using LiI as a co-catalyst. The reaction is believed to proceed via formic acid intermediate. No significant difference in AA yield and selectivity was noticed during catalyst recycling study up to five cycles. This work scalable and industrially relevant for CO2 utilisation to reduce carbon emissions, especially if green methanol and green hydrogen are used.
Evaluation of Perceived Stress and Mental Health of Health Defenders in Military and Civilian Hospitals Infected with Corona Virus (COVID 19)
Authors: Rahnejat Amir mohsen , ghasemzadeh mohammadreza , Taghva Arsia , Donyavi Vahid , Yari Farnoosh , Sabayan Behnoush , Gholami Kiyanoosh , ghadam Haleh Shahed Hagh , Mohsenifar Jafar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Considering the prevalence of coronavirus and its effect on mental health and increasing perceived stress, the aim of this study was to investigate the perceived stress and mental health of health defenders in military and civilian hospitals involved in treating patients with COVID 19. Methods: The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The available sampling method was done by sending online questionnaires of demographic characteristics, Goldberg general health and perceived stress (PSS). 323 health advocates were involved with virus patients. Through descriptive statistics, independent mean test, univariate analysis of variance and chi-square test were analyzed using SPSS 25 version. Results: the frequency of symptoms of mental disorder in military hospital staff (61.1%) and civilian hospital staff (50.7%) which indicates a significant difference between the two groups of employees (P <0.05); But there is no significant difference between the two groups in perceived stress.Conclusion: Considering the stressful period of COVID 19 pandemic, to reduce and prevent the psychological effects of this pandemic such as burnout, mental health problems, symptoms of persistent stress, providing psychological resilience interventions for treatment staff on the front lines of the crisis is one of the highest priorities during this epidemic.
The Airway Microbiota of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients and Its Relationship to Tumor Stage and EGFR Mutation
Authors: Huang DanHui , He Jing , Su Xiaofang , Wen YaNa , Zhang ShuJia , Liu LaiYu , Zhao Haijin , Ye CuiPin , Wu JianHua , Cai Shaoxi , Dong Hangming 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Accumulating studies have suggested the airway microbiota of lung cancer was significantly different from healthy controls. However, little was known about the relationship between airway microbiota and important clinical parameters of lung cancer. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between sputum microbiota and lung cancer stage, lymph node metastasis, intrathoracic metastasis, and Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation. Methods: The microbiota of sputum samples from 85 newly diagnosed NSCLC patients were sequenced via 16S rRNA sequencing with V3-V4 region. Sequencing reads were filtered using QIIME2 and clustered against UPARSE. Results: The α diversity and β diversity was significantly different between patients in stage I to II (early stage, ES) and patients in stage III to IV (advanced stage, AS). Lefse identified that genera Granulicatella and Actinobacillus were significantly enriched in ES, and genus Actinomyces were significantly enriched in AS. PICRUSt2 identified NAD salvage pathway was significantly enriched in AS, which was positively associated with Granulicatella. Patients with intrathoracic metastasis were associated with increased genus Peptostreptococcus and incomplete reductive TCA cycle, which was associated with increased Peptostreptococcus. Genera Parvimonas, Pseudomona and L-valine biosynthesis were positively associated with lymph node metastasis. L-valine biosynthesis was related with increased Pseudomona. Finally, genus Parvimonas were significantly upregulated in adenocarcinoma patients with EGFR mutation. Conclusion: Taxonomy structure differed between different lung cancer stage. The tumor stage, intrathoracic metastasis, lymph node metastasis, and EGFR mutation were associated with alteration of specific airway genera and metabolic function of sputum microbiota.
Magnetically reusable and well-dispersed nanoparticles for oxygen detection in water
Authors: Cui Huahua , Wu Shanshan , Wang Lei , Sun Xiangzhong , Zhang He , Deng Mengyu , Tian Yanqing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this study, we aimed to synthesize magnetically well-dispersed nanosensors for detecting dissolved oxygen (DO) in water, and explore their biological applications. Firstly, we synthesized two kinds of magnetic nanoparticle with average sizes of approximately 82 nm by one-step emulsion polymerization: polystyrene magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Os1-PS) and polymethylmethacrylate magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@Os1-PMMA). Both types of nanoparticle present good dispersibility and fluorescence stability. The nanoparticles could be used as oxygen sensors that exhibited a high DO-sensitivity response in the range 0-39.30 mg/L, with a strong linear relationship. The nanoparticles have good magnetic properties, and so they could be recycled by magnet for further use. Recovered Fe3O4@Os1-PS still presented high stability after continued use in oxygen sensing for one month. Furthermore, Fe3O4@Os1-PS was employed for detecting the bacterial oxygen consumption of Escherichia coli (E-coli) to monitor the metabolism of bacteria. The results show that Fe3O4@Os1-PS provide high biocompatibility and non-toxicity. Polystyrene magnetic nanoparticles therefore present significant potential for application in biological oxygen sensing.
Advances in Single-Cell Sequencing Technology and its Applications in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Meng , Wang Miaozhou , Xie Yanlin , Yan Tingting , Li Yanfang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer and is mainly treated with chemotherapy-based combination therapy. In recent years, the increasing development of single-cell sequencing (SCS) has become one of the most promising technologies in the field of biotechnology. The study of the heterogeneity of TNBC tumor cells using SCS will expand our current knowledge of metastasis, drug resistance mechanisms, mutations, and cloning in these cells; this will further guide clinical chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. Relevant studies shown that SCS exactly plays an important role in clinical diagnosis and treatment. To highlight the role of SCS in the study of TNBC, we elaborate on the progress of research and the applications of SCS in TNBC.
Soluble Brain Homogenates from Diverse Human and Mouse Sources Preferentially Seed Diffuse Aβ Plaque Pathology When Injected into Newborn Mouse Hosts
Authors: Moore Brenda , Levites Yona , Xu Guilian , Hampton Hailey , Adamo Munir F , Croft Cara L. , Futch Hunter S , Moran Corey , Fromholt Susan , Janus Christopher , Prokop Stefan , Dickson Dennis , Lewis Jada , Giasson Benoit I. , Golde Todd E , Borchelt David R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Seeding of pathology related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Lewy body disease (LBD) by the injection of tissue homogenates, purified proteins, or recombinant proteins into model systems has revealed prion-like seeding of the protein aggregates that define these disorders. Most commonly these homogenates are injected into adult mice stereotaxically. Injection of brain lysates into newborn mice represents an alternative approach of delivering seeds that could be used to direct the evolution of amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology co-mixed with either tau or α-synuclein (αSyn) pathology in vulnerable mouse models.
Methods

Homogenates of human pre-frontal cortex were prepared and injected into the lateral ventricles of newborn (P0) mice expressing a mutant humanized amyloid precursor protein (APP), human P301L tau, human wild type αSyn, or combinations thereof. The injected brain homogenates were prepared from AD and AD/LBD cases displaying variable degrees of Aβ pathology and co-existing tau and αSyn deposits. Behavioral assessments of APP transgenic mice injected with AD brain lysates were conducted.
Results

We observed that the lysates from the brains of individuals with AD (Aβ+, tau+), AD/LBD (Aβ+, tau+, αSyn+), or Pathological Aging (Aβ+, tau-, αSyn-) efficiently seeded diffuse Aβ deposits, composed primarily of Aβ42 peptides, in our transgenic host animals. Moderate seeding of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) was also observed. No animal of any genotype developed discernable tau or αSyn pathology. Fear conditioning, cognitive, outcome was not significantly altered in APP transgenic animals injected with AD brain lysates compared to nontransgenic controls.
Conclusions

These findings demonstrate that diffuse Aβ pathology, which is a common feature of AD, AD/LBD, and PA brains, can be easily induced by injecting newborn APP mice with crude brain homogenates. Seeding of tau or αSyn comorbidities was disappointingly inefficient in the models we used, indicating additional methodological refinement will be needed to efficiently seed AD or AD/LBD mixed pathologies by injecting newborn mice.