bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Application of a Case-Based Social Media–Assisted Teaching Method in Cariology Education：Comparative Study
Authors: Li Li , Liu Xiaobin , Chen Zeyuan , Wang Liyuan , Lian Xiaoli , Zou Huiru 
Published: July 2021

Background
Current cariology education based on the traditional teaching method faces a lot of challenges. Meanwhile, the COVID-19 pandemic caused an unprecedented disruption in medical education and health care systems worldwide. Innovation in the teaching mode of cariology education is required to change the situation.

Objective
The goal of the research was to evaluate the application effects of a case-based social media–assisted teaching method in cariology education.

Methods
Dental students of class 2019 were enrolled into the experimental group, while students of class 2018 served as control. A case-based social media–assisted teaching method was used in the experimental group, which included preclass activity via social media, additional discussion and practice process record in class, and questions and answers on the platform after class. The traditional teaching method, which consisted of conventional preparation before class, traditional lectures and demonstrations followed by students practice in class, and questions and answers step after class, was used in the control group. The teaching materials were the same in both groups. At the end of the program, students from both groups took cavity preparation skill evaluation tests. Questionnaires were tested on the case-based social media–assisted teaching group students anonymously. All data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software (version 22.0, IBM Corp).

Results
The mean student cavity preparation skill evaluation scores was 82.51 (SD 6.82) in the experimental group and 77.19 (SD 5.98) in the control group (P<.05). The questionnaire response rate was 100%. Of those, 94.3% (100/106) of the students recommended the case-based social media–assisted teaching method in cariology education. The majority of the participants agreed that it helped them memorize the theoretical knowledge of cariology, facilitated in-depth discussion, improved their enthusiasm and initiative in learning, and enhanced the relationship between teachers and students (104/106, 98.1%). They also recognized that the classroom atmosphere was active (94/106, 88.7%).

Conclusions
The case-based social media–assisted teaching method was beneficial in terms of learning, as demonstrated by the statistically significant improvement of the cavity preparation skill evaluation scores and satisfaction from attending students. This method could be used to supplement the teaching of cariology.
Psychoeducational Interventions for Caregivers of Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: Protocol for a Randomized Trial
Authors: Douglas Sara L , Plow Matthew , Packer Tanya , Lipson Amy R , Lehman Michelle J 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundOf the approximately 1 million people living with multiple sclerosis in the United States, more than half receive informal, unpaid care or support from family or friends (caregivers). These caregivers report high levels of stress, anxiety, and negative emotions. Few researchers have conducted psychoeducational interventions for these caregivers.ObjectiveThis paper presents a protocol for a randomized clinical trial that aims to test the efficacy of two interventions for improving stress, anxiety, depression, and negative emotions for caregivers of persons with multiple sclerosis.MethodsParticipants included any self-identified family or friend caregiver of a person with multiple sclerosis. Data collection began in April 2021 and is expected to continue until November 2021. Participants will be randomized to receive either a website-only or a website-coaching intervention delivered for 6 weeks. Data will be collected at baseline, 6 weeks after baseline (after delivery of intervention), and 6 weeks later.ResultsThe protocol was approved by the institutional review board of the Case Western Reserve University on January 21, 2021 (protocol 20201484). As of May 2021, 66 participants were enrolled.ConclusionsOur findings will have implications for identifying the efficacy of two types of interventions developed for caregivers of persons with multiple sclerosis to reduce negative psychological outcomes associated with caregiving.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04662008; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04662008International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/30617
Struktur Komunitas Plankton pada Air Kolam Ikan Lele yang Berbeda Warna
Authors: Wijayanti Karunia Adetera Nungki , Murwantoko Murwantoko , Istiqomah Indah 
Published: July 2021

Plankton dalam perairan memiliki peranan yang penting sebagai produsen serta penyuplai nutrisi maupun indikator lingkungan. Struktur komunitas dan faktor pendukung lingkungan berpengaruh terhadap keadaan ekosistem perairan budidaya serta pengaruhnya pada komoditas budidaya. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai struktur komunitas plankton pada air kolam lele yang berbeda warna. Kolam yang digunakan adalah kolam budidaya lele air hijau di Kalasan, cokelat di Prambanan, dan merah di Berbah, Sleman. Parameter kualitas air yang meliputi pH, suhu, bahan organik, dan oksigen terlarut diukur sebanyak 3 kali setiap 2 minggu sekali dan kadar nitrat, nitrit, amonia diukur pada saat awal sampling. Pengambilan sampel plankton dilakukan dengan menggunakan plankton net sebanyak 3 kali setiap 2 minggu sekali. Jenis dan jumlah plankton diamati secara mikroskopis. Penentuan jenis plankton dilakukan dengan membandingkan ciri-ciri yang tampak dengan literatur. Dominansi plankton, diversitas plankton, kepadatan serta pengaruh kualitas air terhadap struktur komunitas plankton dianalisis secara statistik. Hasil pegamatan menunjukan plankton yang mendominansi adalah Chlorophyta dengan nilai indeks diversitas maupun dominansi di semua jenis kolam tergolong rendah-sedang. Berdasarkan uji statistik menunjukkan kualitas air yang berpengaruh terhadap struktur komunitas plankton adalah bahan organik, amonia, dan nitrit. Struktur komunitas plankton pada air kolam berbeda warna menunjukkan terdapat 15 filum yang terdiri dari 32 kelas. Plankton yang dominan pada kolam warna air hijau adalah Microcystis aeruginosa, sedangkan kolam cokelat dan merah adalah Chlorella varigatus. Nilai diversitas dan dominansi pada ketiga warna air cenderung stabil moderat, karena termasuk dalam kategori sedang yang menunjukan kondisi kolam tergolong stabil dan baik untuk budidaya.
Men’s Baldness Stigma and Body Dissatisfaction
Authors: Jankowski Glen , Sherwin Michael , Deighton-Smith Nova 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Head hair forms a central component of the sociocultural male appearance ideal (e.g., mesomorphic, tall, young and not bald) and carries masculine connotations and stigma. Immense pressures to conform to this male appearance ideal gives rise to body dissatisfaction. Previous assessments of body dissatisfaction are too narrow, ignoring dissatisfaction beyond mesomorphy such as baldness dissatisfaction. Our study involved two research questions: (i) Do the facial expressions assigned to images of bald and non-bald men differ? and (ii) What forms of body dissatisfaction, including baldness dissatisfaction, do men have and are these related to men’s wellbeing and muscularity behaviours? Method: Eighty-six male participants aged 18–58 years (mean = 23.62; standard deviation = 7.80) were randomly exposed to 10 images of smiling men (half balding and half not) and were asked to rate the facial expression displayed. Participants also rated their body dissatisfaction and wellbeing. Ethics statement: Institutional ethics approval was granted. Results: We found that participants interpreted the facial expressions of images of bald men slightly more negatively than non-bald men. Most participants reported some form of body dissatisfaction correlated with wellbeing and muscularity enhancing behaviours, albeit weakly. Participants also disclosed a range of body dissatisfaction aspects (including surrounding muscularity, body fat, teeth alignment, skin tone and facial hair amount) though generally were not impacted heavily nor highly dissatisfied. Conclusion: These findings underscore the complex challenge in producing a complete assessment of men’s body dissatisfaction and the general resilience men experience with extant appearance pressures around their bodies and head hair.
Analisis pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi, inflasi dan suku bunga terhadap pertumbuhan UMKM di Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Romadhoni Dian , Amril Amril , Emilia Emilia 
Published: July 2021

This study entitled the analysis of economic growth, inflation, and interest rates on the development of MSMEs in Jambi Province. To analyze Indonesia's economic growth, inflation, and interest rates on the number of MSME business units in Jambi Province in 2003 – 2018. The analytical method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Data processing is done by using multiple linear regression. The estimation results using the statistical f test show that all variables, namely economic growth, inflation, and Indonesian interest rates, together affect the development of MSMEs in Jambi Province, with statistical t-tests showing that economic growth variables have a significant effect on MSME growth in Jambi Province, inflation has a significant impact on the growth of MSMEs in Jambi Province, and Indonesian interest rates have a substantial impact on the development of MSMEs in Jambi Province.
Keywords: Economic growth, Inflation, Interest rates, MSME growth
Supporting Information for "Brownian Cargo Capture in Mazes via Intelligent Colloidal Microrobot Swarms"
Authors: Xu Kun , Yang Yuguang , Li Bo 
Published: July 2021

This supporting information includes supplemental figures, movies,
additional results, and the pseudocode of breadth-first-search target
generation algorithm.
Corresponding author Email:
yyang60@jhu.edu (Y.Y.)
libome@tsinghua.edu (B.L.)
Considering Dissemination
Authors: Farrell Hazel 
Published: July 2021

The use of e-portfolio is becoming more widespread as an established practice in higher education with a growing body of research supporting the inherent deep learning benefits. It is espoused as an ideal pedagogical tool, conducive to student-centred learning where engagement and investment in the learning process are key. The recognition of learning beyond the classroom and appreciation of diverse, personalised approaches to learning are fundamental to this medium, and as such, the very basic premise of an e-portfolio functioning as a place to host information has been surpassed significantly.
This is a report on the use of e-portfolio as a multifunctional tool for the music degree programme at Waterford Institute of Technology (WIT). While the primary purpose was the use of e-portfolio to create a collaborative yearbook for final year students, ultimately this expanded into the areas of marketing, recruitment, and staff professional development as a direct result of dissemination pathways. While the promotion of e-portfolio as a valuable pedagogical tool remains a priority, the specific possibilities for maximising the potential of the e-portfolio beyond the purposes of student-centred learning that emerged in this case gave rise to further thought on future creative applications.
Upaya Meningkatkan Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Melalui Permainan Tradisional Egrang Batok Kelapa
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Fidiawati Liza 
Published: July 2021

Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini Bagaimana upaya meningkatkan kemampuan motorik kasar anak melalui permainan tradisional egrang batok kelapa di kelompok B TK Babul Ulum Lamteungoh Aceh Besar?. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peningkatan kemampuan motorik kasar anak di TK Babul Ulum Lamteungoh Aceh Besar dengan menggunakan permainan tradisional egrang batok kelapa. Jenis penelitian menggunakan Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Istrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi, jumlah sampel adalah 12 anak dan data dianalisis dengan menggunakan rumus presentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada gambaran aktivitas anak pada siklus I jumlah jumlah perolehan dengan kategori belum berkembang 41.66% (5 anak), kategori mulai berkembang 25% (3 anak), kategori berkembang sesuai harapan 16.66% (2 anak), dan kategori berkembang sangat baik 16.66% (2 anak). Pada siklus ke II tidak ada kategori belum berkembang 1 anak (8.33%), ,mulai berkembang 1 anak (8,33%), kategori berkembang sesuai harapan adalah 2 anak (16.66% ) kategori berkembang sangat baik adalah 66.66% (8 anak). Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa permainan egrang batok kelapa dapat meningkatkan kemampuan motorik kasar anak.
The impact of digital transformation on European countries: insights from a comparative analysis
Authors: Małkowska Agnieszka , Urbaniec Maria , Kosała Małgorzata 
Published: July 2021

Research background: In the era of the digital revolution, the Internet, automation and robotisation, new industrial relations and dynamic interactions among different stakeholders are giving rise to new opportunities and challenges. The changes associated with the enforcement of the ?Industry 4.0? concept require adaptation to these developments at different levels of the economy and society in order to support digital transformation. Purpose of the article: The aim of this paper is to measure and assess the impact of digital transformation on European countries (EU). The comparative analysis of technological development in EU countries includes three dimensions: the digitalisation of society (Society 4.0), the ability of the economy to face the challenges of technological development (Economy 4.0), as well as the exploitation of ICT in companies (Companies 4.0). Methods: The empirical section of the article was built on a two-stage analytical approach: (a) cluster analysis methods to assess differences and similarities between EU countries (Hierarchical Cluster and K-Means Cluster) and (b) the multi-criteria decision-making method (TOPSIS) to rank countries according to the adopted evaluation criteria. For the purposes of this analysis, data from the Eurostat database have been applied. Findings & value added: The results of this analysis demonstrate the impact of technological transformation on the economy and society in EU countries grouped according to a similar level of development, such as countries with high, medium and low performance. This has contributed to indicating the cohesion in technological development achieved by each country group and to recognising the digitalisation gap between EU Member States. The novelty of this study consists in applying the multi-stage, multi-criteria analysis based on cluster analysis and the TOPSIS method, as well as the comparative analysis of the impact of technological developments on the societies and economies of EU countries. This paper extends similar studies by focusing on the application of a broad range of indicators regarding a holistic perspective including three dimensions: societies, economies and companies. The results provide valuable insights into evaluating the technological progress in European countries.
Peran Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dan Return On Equity (ROE) dalam Mempengahruhi Abnormal Return
Authors: Setiawan Fery , Krisdiyanti Reny , P.A Eka Destriyanto 
Published: July 2021

Penulis melakukan penelitian ini dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengungkapan CSR yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan dan nilai ROE pada abnormal return. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan menggunakan data sekunder yang dapat diperoleh melalui website resmi bursa efek di www.idx.co.id dan website yahoo.finance. Metode analisis yang pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan memanfaatkan penggunaan aplikasi SPSS versi 20. Penelitian ini menggunakan populasi seluruh perusahaan pertambangan yang aktif terdaftar pada Bursa Efek Indonesia dalam tahun 2015-2019. Sedangkan, sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ditetapkan dengan metode purposive sampling sehingga menghasilkan 85 data yang bisa diolah. Hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan ini mengungkapkan jika CSR tidak mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan pada abnormal return. Namun ROE mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan pada abnormal return. Kata Kunci : CSR, ROE, Abnormal Return
Transpalatal reconstruction and stenting for treatment of choanal atresia and nasopharyngeal stenosis in a dog
Authors: Saver Alexander , Loeber Samantha , Hardie Robert , Wood Michael W. , Pritchard Jessica C. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

CASE DESCRIPTION
A 3-year-old 17.5-kg (38.5-lb) mixed-breed dog was referred for evaluation because of nasal discharge, sneezing, and signs of nasal congestion of approximately 9 months’ duration. A diagnosis of nasopharyngeal stenosis (NPS) was made prior to referral.

CLINICAL FINDINGS
Sneezing, bilateral mucopurulent nasal discharge, reduced nasal airflow, stertor, and increased inspiratory effort were noted on physical examination. Results of serum biochemical analysis were within respective reference ranges. Review of CT images of the skull revealed findings consistent with severe bilateral partial osseous choanal atresia and NPS. Retrograde rhinoscopy confirmed membranous NPS.

TREATMENT AND OUTCOME
A ventral rhinotomy was performed; communication between the pharynx and nasal passageway was reestablished by surgical debridement of the caudal border of the palatine bone and vomerine crest and groove, followed by dissection of the membranous NPS and reconstruction of the caudal part of the nasopharynx. A covered nasopharyngeal stent was placed in the newly established nasopharynx. The dog recovered uneventfully but was presented 3 weeks later with recurrent signs; diagnostic findings were consistent with stenosis rostral to the stent. The stenosis was treated with balloon dilation, and a second covered stent was placed rostral to and overlapping the first stent, spanning the stenotic region. Eleven months after this procedure, the dog was doing well.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Results for this patient suggested that ventral rhinotomy and covered nasopharyngeal stent placement can be used successfully for the management of osseous choanal atresia in dogs; however, careful attention to preoperative planning and potential complications is necessary. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2021;259:190–196)
Use of potassium chloride for low-residue euthanasia of anesthetized California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) and northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) with life-threatening injury or disease
Authors: Whitmer Emily R. , Trumbull Emily J. , Harris Heather S. , Whoriskey Sophie T. , Field Cara L. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To demonstrate the efficacy of potassium chloride (KCl) for low-residue euthanasia of anesthetized pinnipeds in field settings for which carcass retrieval for disposal is not feasible.

ANIMALS
Stranded, free-ranging California sea lions (CSLs; Zalophus californianus; n = 17) and northern elephant seals (NESs; Mirounga angustirostris; 6) with life-threatening injury or disease between May and August 2020.

PROCEDURES
Each animal was anesthetized and then received a lethal dose of KCl solution administered by IV or intracardiac injection. The effective KCl dose; durations to cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, and pupil dilation; and presence or absence of agonal breaths, muscle fasciculations, or skeletal movements were recorded.

RESULTS
Mean effective dose of KCl was 207.4 mg/kg (94.3 mg/lb) for the 17 CSLs and 209.1 mg/kg (95.0 mg/lb) for 5 of 6 NESs (1 outlier NES was excluded). The range in duration from the beginning of KCl injection to cardiac arrest was 0 to 6 minutes, to pupil dilation was 0 to 5 minutes, and to respiratory arrest was 0 to 5 minutes. Muscle fasciculations, skeletal movements, and agonal breaths were observed in both species during and after KCl administration.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The use of KCl provides an effective, low-residue method of euthanasia in anesthetized CSLs and NESs. Our recommended dose for these species is 250 mg KCl/kg (113.6 mg KCl/lb) delivered by intracardiac injection. Compared with euthanasia by barbiturate overdose, the use of KCl reduces the potential for secondary intoxication of scavengers and is appropriate in field scenarios in which the carcass cannot be retrieved for disposal. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2021;259:197–201)
Using the complexity index method to manage problems related to manufacturing
Authors: Abou-Chakra Hadi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Complexity Index method is an approach developed to help manufacturing companies quantify complexity in production. This paper sheds light on the connection between complexity and manufacturing problems and how the Complexity Index method was used to capture the areas in a production line with high levels of complexity to determine the sources of manufacturing problems related to labour time, surplus production, and manufacturing error. The main areas perceived as complex were due to Work Instructions, Work Content, and Product Variants. The perceived complexities were assessed for proper actions to be taken to decrease their level of complexity. The correlations between complexity and manufacturing problems were used for tracking related issues and ways for improvement. This study presents data on the use of workers’ perception to uncover the areas of complexity, which could be used by the management team to pragmatically capture difficulties and issues related to manufacturing problems to improve the production system.
Disorders in blood circulation as a probable cause of death in dogs infected with Babesia canis
Authors: Zygner Wojciech , Rodo Anna , Gójska-Zygner Olga , Górski Paweł , Bartosik Justyna , Kotomski Grzegorz 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Introduction
The purpose of the study was to investigate post-mortem changes in dogs infected with Babesia canis and to establish the probable cause of death of the affected animals.

Material and Methods
Cadavers of six dogs that did not survive babesiosis were collected. Necropsies were performed and samples of various organs were collected for histological examination.

Results
Necropsies and histological examinations revealed congestion and oedemata in various organs. Most of the dogs had ascites, hydrothorax or hydropericardium, pulmonary oedema, pulmonary, renal, hepatic, and cerebral congestion, and necrosis of cardiomyocytes.

Conclusion
These results suggested disorders in blood circulation as the most probable cause of death. However, the pulmonary inflammatory response and cerebral babesiosis observed in some of these dogs could also be considered possible causes of death. This study also showed a possible role for renal congestion in the development of renal hypoxia and azotaemia in canine babesiosis.