bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of retaining intact posterior capsule in congenital cataract surgery in children aged 4–8 years
Authors: Zhang Jing Shang , Wang Jin Da , Yusufu Mayinuer , Cao Kai , Jin Shan Shan , Xiong Ying , Li Jing , Sun Xiu Li , Chen Shu Ying , Liu Zhen Yu , Fu Jing , Li Li , You Qi Sheng , Wan Xiu Hua 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The present study sought to observe the effect of retaining intact posterior capsule in congenital cataract surgery in children aged 4–8 years.

Methods
This is a retrospective case control study. Seventy-seven children (130 eyes) aged from 4 to 8 years who underwent cataract surgery were divided into two groups. In Group A, 50 eyes underwent phacoemulsification, intraocular lens implantation and posterior capsule capsulotomy combined with anterior vitrectomy. In Group B, 80 eyes underwent cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. The postoperative visual acuity and the rate of complications were compared.

Results
In all patients, cataract surgeries were performed evenly without intraoperative complications. The follow-up time ranged from 6 months to 42 months. No apparent visual axis opacity was detected in group A during the follow-up. By the last visit, apparent visual axis opacity was detected in 31 eyes (38.75%) in group B. Among them, 9 eyes (29.03%) with mild posterior capsule opacification (PCO) were treated with Nd:YAG laser, 3 eyes (9.68%) with thick proliferative membranes were treated with posterior capsule capsulotomy combined with anterior vitrectomy and proliferative membranes in 19 eyes (61.29%) were completely aspired and the posterior capsule was retained. During follow-up, only 2 (6.45%) eyes had PCO recurrence and were treated with Nd:YAG laser. The visual acuity was significantly higher than that before surgery in all patients.

Conclusions
For older children, the incidence of PCO will be low even if intact posterior capsule is retained. Either Nd:YAG laser or surgical treatment for PCO will be able to maintain good vision.
Recognizing obsessive-compulsive disorder: how suitable is the German Zohar-Fineberg obsessive-compulsive screen?
Authors: Kühne Franziska , Paunov Tatjana , Weck Florian 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Despite the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), its precise identification remains challenging. With the Zohar-Fineberg Obsessive-Compulsive Screen (ZF-OCS; 5 or 6 items), a brief instrument is widely available mainly in English. As there is a lack of empirical studies on the ZF-OCS, the aim of the present study was to translate the items into German and investigate the instrument in a nonclinical sample.

Methods
In two consecutive online surveys, n = 304 and n = 51 students participated. Besides the ZF-OCS, they answered established measures on OCD, depression, health anxiety, general anxiety and health-related well-being.

Results
Whereas internal consistency was low (α = .53–.72; ω = .55–.69), retest reliability (rt1,t2 = .89) at two weeks was high. As expected, we found high correlations with other OCD instruments (r > .61; convergent validity), and significantly weaker correlations with measures of depression (r = .39), health anxiety (r = .29), and health-related well-being (r = −.28, divergent validity). Nonetheless, the correlations with general anxiety were somewhere in between (r = .52).

Conclusions
Due to heterogeneous OCD subtypes, the ZF-OCS asks diverse questions which probably resulted in the present internal consistency. Nevertheless, the results on retest reliability and validity were promising. As for other OCD instruments, divergent validity regarding general anxiety seems problematic to establish. Even so, the ZF-OCS seems valuable for screening purposes, as it is short and easy to administer, and may facilitate initiating subsequent clinical assessment. Further studies should determine the instrument’s diagnostic accuracy.
Novel nomogram for predicting the progression of osteoarthritis based on 3D-MRI bone shape: data from the FNIH OA biomarkers consortium
Authors: Sun Yingwei , Deng Chunbo , Zhang Zhan , Ma Xun , Zhou Fenghua , Liu Xueyong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Osteoarthritis(OA) is a major source of pain, disability, and socioeconomic cost in worldwide. However, there is no effective means for the early diagnosis of OA, nor can it accurately predict the progress of OA. To develop and validate a novel nomogram to predict the radiographic progression of mild to moderate OA based on three-dimensional(3D)-MRI bone shape and bone shape change during 24 months.

Method
Analysis of publicly available data from the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) OA Biomarkers Consortium. Radiographic progression was defined as minimum radiographic narrowing of the medial tibiofemoral joint space of ≥ 0.7 mm from baseline at 24, 36, or 48 months. There were 297 knees with radiographic progression and 303 without. The bone shapes of the tibia, femur, and patella were evaluated by 3D-MRI at the baseline and at 24 months. Two nomograms were separately established by multivariate logistic regression analysis using clinical risk factors, bone shape at baseline (nomogram 0), or bone shape change at 24 months (nomogram Δ24). The discrimination, calibration, and usefulness were selected to evaluate the nomograms.

Results
There were significant differences between groups in baseline Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade, gender, age, and tibia, femur, and patella shape. The areas under the curve (AUC) of nomogram 0 and nomogram Δ24 were 0.66 and 0.75 (p < 0.05), with accuracy of 0.62 and 0.69, respectively. Both nomograms had good calibration. The decision curve analysis ( DCA) showed that nomogram Δ24 had greater clinical usefulness than nomogram 0 when the risk threshold ranged from 0.04 to 0.86.

Conclusions
Nomograms based on 3D-MRI bone shape change were useful for predicting the radiographic progression of mild to moderate OA.
Randomised, double-blind comparison of a fixed co-formulation of intra-articular polynucleotides and hyaluronic acid versus hyaluronic acid alone in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: two-year follow-up
Authors: Stagni Cesare , Rocchi Martina , Mazzotta Alessandro , Del Piccolo Nicolandrea , Rani Nicola , Govoni Marco , Vivarelli Leonardo , Veronesi Francesca , Fini Milena , Dallari Dante 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundA first-year interim analysis of this two-year study suggested that intra-articular injections of highly purified, natural-origin polynucleotides and hyaluronic acid (HA) as a fixed combination (PNHA) might improve knee function and joint pain more effectively than HA alone in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). The purpose of the second-year analysis herein described was to verify whether the first-year interim outcomes persist over the whole two-year period.MethodsRandomised, double-blind, HA-controlled clinical trial in 100 knee OA patients (98 randomised, 79 completing the study) in a high-specialisation tertiary care setting. The hypothesised difference of efficacy between PNHA and HA for the original sample size estimate is 20%. Treatment cycle: three intra-articular knee injections of either PNHA or HA, at baseline and weekly for two weeks. Evaluations: Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) score and Knee Society Score (KSS) as, respectively, primary and secondary endpoints, evaluated at baseline and after 2, 6, 12, and 24 months; synovial fluid levels of mediators (at baseline and the end of the treatment cycle). Adverse effects investigated at each control visit. Statistical analysis: Kruskal-Wallis test for independent samples (nonparametric one-way analysis of variance) after correction of means for age, Body Mass Index and Kellgren-Lawrence grade. If significant, pairwise post-hoc Sidak multiple comparisons.ResultsKSS total score and KSS pain item: significant improvement in both groups, with significantly more pain improvement in patients treated with PNHA (2-point reduction) than HA (1-point reduction). Both groups experienced significant long-term reductions in WOMAC total scores: significantly stronger in PNHA-treated patients after 24 months with a steady difference of 16% favouring PNHA in WOMAC pain subscore. No clinically significant adverse events in either group.ConclusionsThe outcomes of the 2-year study confirmed that a short cycle of intra-articular treatment (3 weekly double-blind injections) with polynucleotides (long-acting viscosupplementation properties, chondrocyte activation, pain-relieving properties) in fixed combination with high molecular weight hyaluronic acid is more effective in improving knee function and pain in knee OA patients than HA alone. PNHA may be elective for viscosupplementation in knee OA patients with fastidious and resistant pain and worsening disease.Trial registrationNCT02417610.Registration, 15/04/2015.ClinicalTrials.govdatabase link:
Older fusion-surgery age in congenital scoliosis patients is a risk factor for extended length of stay, more estimated blood loss, longer fused segments and higher medical costs: a retrospective study
Authors: Chai Xiran , Lin Guanfeng , Wang Shengru , Yang Yang , Su Zhe , Du You , Xu Xiaolin , Ye Xiaohan , Shen Jianxiong , Zhang Jianguo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Contradictory opinions about whether early correction and fusion surgeries should be performed for congenital scoliosis (CS) patients at a young age exist. The objectives of this study were to analyze the association between patient characteristics and fusion-surgery outcomes in CS patients treated with spinal correction and fusion surgeries and to report risk factors for extended length of stay (LOS), more estimated blood loss (EBL), longer fused segments and higher medical costs.

Methods
We analyzed data of 1,207 CS inpatients treated with fusion surgeries in our institute from January 2010 - December 2019. All patients underwent spinal X-ray, CT, MRI, echocardiogram and urogenital ultrasound. We analyzed demographic and clinical information and outcome measures, including LOS, EBL, fused segments and medical costs.

Results
Age at fusion (OR = 1.053; p < 0.001), musculoskeletal defects (OR = 1.670; p = 0.004) and thoracic deformity (OR = 1.519; p = 0.03) were risk factors for extended LOS. Age at fusion (OR = 1.117; p < 0.001), male sex (OR = 1.813; p < 0.001), mixed defects (OR = 1.662; p = 0.027) and failure of formation (OR = 1.718; p = 0.021) were risk factors for more EBL. Age at fusion (OR = 1.213; p < 0.001) was a risk factor for longer fused segments. Age at fusion (OR = 1.091; p < 0.001) and thoracic deformity (OR = 1.853; p = 0.004) were risk factors for higher medical costs.

Conclusions
We found that older age at fusion in CS patients is a risk factor for extended LOS, more EBL, longer fused segments and higher medical costs with the risk increasing by 5–21 % for each year of age. Other identified risk factors include thoracic deformity for extended LOS; longer fused segments, higher medical costs, and musculoskeletal defects for extended LOS; and CS type (FF and MD) and sex (male) for more EBL.
Anterior prominence of the femoral condyle varies among prosthesis designs and surgical techniques in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Itou Junya , Kuwashima Umito , Itoh Masafumi , Okazaki Ken 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Patellofemoral overstuffing after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can cause limited range of motion and anterior knee pain. This study compared anterior prominence of femoral components among different prothesis designs in surgical simulation models utilizing the anterior reference (AR) and posterior reference (PR) techniques.

Methods
Surgical simulations were performed using on a three-dimensional planning system preoperative computed tomography data of consecutive 30 patients with knee osteoarthritis scheduled to undergo TKA. Four implant models were used: Attune, Persona, Journey II, and Legion. Rotational alignment was set parallel to the transepicondylar axis and size was selected based on the absence of notch formation in the femoral anterior cortex and the best fit with the shape of the medial posterior femoral condyle. For each combination of surgical technique (AR or PR method) and implant model, measurements were taken of the maximum medial, central, and lateral prominence of the implant from the anterior femoral cortex.

Results
Using either the AR or PR method, the medial and central prominences were significantly lower with Journey II than with the other models. The lateral prominence was the lowest with Attune in the AR method. The AR method was associated with significantly less prominence compared with the PR method, regardless of implant model.

Conclusions
The degree of anterior prominence of the femoral implant is affected by the implant design when the AR method is used. The PR method is associated with greater anterior prominence compared with the AR method, and the pitch size is an additional factor in the PR method. Surgeons should be familiar with implant designs, including the thickness of the anterior flange and the available size selections.
Harris Hip Score and SF-36 following metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty and hip resurfacing - a randomized controlled trial with 5-years follow up including 75 patients
Authors: Hersnaes Peter Nyby , Gromov Kirill , Otte Kristian Stahl , Gebuhr Peter Henrik , Troelsen Anders 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
The metal-on-metal large-diameter-head (MoM-LDH) hip replacements increased in popularity during the start of the twenty-first century. Subsequently reports raised concerns regarding adverse reactions due to elevated chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co) concentrations as well as high rates of other complications and revisions.
The purpose was to compare Harris Hip Score and SF-36 at 5-years follow up following MoM-LDH total hip arthroplasty (MoM-LDH-THA) or MoM hip resurfacing (MoM-HR).

Methods
The study was conducted between November 2006 to January 2012 in a tertiary health care center in Denmark. Patients with primary or secondary osteoarthritis were randomly assigned to receive a Magnum (MoM-LDH-THA) or a Recap (MoM-HR) prosthesis. Randomization was computer generated and allocation was concealed in an opaque envelope. Neither patients nor care provider were blinded. Primary outcome was Harris Hip Score at 5-years follow up.

Results
Seventy-five were included and allocated to the MoM-LDH-THA (n = 39) and MoM-HR (n = 36) group. The study was prematurely stopped due to numerous reports of adverse events in patients with MoM hip replacements. Thirty-three in the MoM-LDH-THA and 25 in the MoM-HR group were available for primary outcome analysis.
Median Harris Hip Score was 100 (IQR: 98–100) for MoM-LDH-THA and 100 (IQR: 93–100) for MoM-HR (p = 0.486). SF-36 score was high in both groups with no significant difference between groups.

Conclusion
Harris Hip Score and SF-36 score was excellent in both groups with no significant difference at 5-years follow up. Our findings suggest that there is no clinical important difference between the two prostheses implanted 5 years after implantation.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04585022, Registered 23 September 2020 – Retrospectively registered.
This study was not prospectively registered in a clinical trial database since it was not an entirely implemented standard procedure in the international orthopedic society when the study was planned.
Partial uncinatectomy combined with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for the treatment of one-level cervical radiculopathy: analysis of clinical efficacy and sagittal alignment
Authors: Abudouaini Haimiti , Wu Tingkui , Liu Hao , Wang Beiyu , Chen Hua , Huang Chengyi , Hong Ying , Meng Yang 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Biomechanical studies have demonstrated that uncovertebral joint contributes to segment mobility and stability to a certain extent. Simultaneously, osteophytes arising from the uncinate process are a common cause of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR). For such patients, partial uncinatectomy (UT) may be required. However, the clinical efficacy and sagittal alignment of partial UT during anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) have not been fully elucidated.

Methods
A total of 87 patients who had undergone single level ACDF using a zero-profile device from July 2014 to December 2018 were included. Based on whether the foraminal part of the uncovertebral joint was resected or preserved, the patients were divided into the ACDF with UT group (n = 37) and the ACDF without UT group (n = 50). Perioperative data, radiographic parameters, clinical outcomes, and complications were compared between the two groups.

Results
The mean follow-up was 16.86 ± 5.63 and 18.36 ± 7.51 months in the ACDF with UT group and ACDF without UT group, respectively (p > 0.05). The average preoperative VAS arm score was 5.89 ± 1.00 in the ACDF with UT group and 5.18 ± 1.21 in the ACDF without UT group (p = 0.038). However, the average VAS arm score was 4.22 ± 0.64, 4.06 ± 1.13 and 1.68 ± 0.71, 1.60 ± 0.70 at 1 week post operation and at final follow up, respectively, (p > 0.05). We also found that the C2-7 SVA and St-SVA at the last follow-up and their change (last follow-up value − preoperative value) in the ACDF with UT group were significantly higher than ACDF without UT group (p < 0.05). No marked differences in the other cervical sagittal parameters, fusion rate or complications, including dysphagia, ASD, and subsidence, were observed.

Conclusions
Our result indicates that ACDF using a zero-p implant with or without partial UT both provide satisfactory clinical efficacy and acceptable safety. However, additional partial UT may has a negative effect on cervical sagittal alignment.
Front-loading of anatomy content has no effect on long-term anatomy knowledge retention among physical therapy students: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Amabile Amy H. , Nixon-Cave Kim , Georgetti Larry J. , Sims Ashley C. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Information learned over a longer period of time has been shown to result in better long-term knowledge retention than information learned over a shorter period of time. In order to address multiple curricular goals, the timing and spacing of anatomy content within the Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) program at our institution recently changed from a very spaced to a very compressed format. The purpose of the present study was to assess differences in anatomy knowledge retention that might have been impacted by this change. The research hypothesis was that students receiving spaced instruction would have significantly better anatomy knowledge retention than students receiving massed instruction.

Methods
Participants consisted of two cohorts of DPT students that both received 45 contact hours of anatomy lecture and 90 contact hours of anatomy lab. The LONG cohort experienced anatomy through a lecture and lab taught over a 30-week, 2 semester period as separate courses. In contrast, the SHORT cohort took their anatomy lecture and lab concurrently over one 10-week semester. A pre-test was administered on the first day of their anatomy lecture course, and a post-test was administered to each cohort 18 months after completion of their last anatomy exam.

Results
After controlling for age-related differences in the two groups, no significant differences in mean pre-test, post-test, or percentage improvement were found between cohorts (p = 0.516; 0.203; and 0.152, respectively).

Conclusion
These findings refute the hypothesis and show that both spaced and massed instruction in these cohorts resulted in the same level of long-term anatomy knowledge retention.
Comparing primary care Interprofessional and non-interprofessional teams on access to care and health services utilization in Ontario, Canada: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Haj-Ali Wissam , Hutchison Brian , Moineddin Rahim , Wodchis Walter P. , Glazier Richard H. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Many countries, including Canada, have introduced primary care reforms to improve health system functioning and value. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between receiving care from interprofessional primary care teams and after-hours access to care, patient-reported walk-in clinic visits and emergency department use.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study linking population-based administrative databases to Ontario’s Health Care Experience Survey (HCES) between 2012 and 2018. We adjusted for physician group characteristics as well as individual physician and patient characteristics while assessing the relationship between receiving care from interprofessional teams and the outcomes of interest.

Results
As of March 31st, 2015, there were 465 physician groups with HCES respondents of which 177 (38.0%) were interprofessional teams and 288 (62.0%) were non-interprofessional teams in the same blended capitation reimbursement model. In this period, there were 4518 physicians with HCES respondents, of whom 2131 (47.2%) were in interprofessional teams and 2387 (52.8%) were in non-interprofessional teams. There were 10,102 HCES respondents included in this study, of whom 42.4% were in interprofessional teams and 42.3% were in non-interprofessional teams. After adjustment, we found that being in an interprofessional team was associated with an increase in the odds of patients reporting same/next day access to care by 12.0% (OR = 1.12 CI = 1.00 to 1.24 p-value 0.0436) and a decrease in the odds of patients reporting walk-in clinic use by 16% (OR = 0.84 CI = 0.75 to 0.94 p-value 0.0019). After adjustment, there were no significant differences in patient-reported after-hours access to care and emergency department use.

Conclusions
Ontario has invested heavily in interprofessional primary care teams. As compared to patients in non-interprofessional teams, patients in interprofessional teams self-reported more timely access to care and less walk-in clinic use but no significant difference in self-reported access to after-hours care or in emergency department use. For jurisdictions aiming to expand physician voluntary participation in interprofessional teams, our study results inform expectations around access to care and health services utilization.