bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FEATURES OF INSULIN RESISTANCE ASSESSMENT IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS WITH HYPERURICEMIA
Authors: Cherniaieva Anna 
Published: October 2021

Topicality. The link between hyperuricemia (HUA) and insulin resistance (IR) has been established in many studies, but the traditional «insulin» indices used to assess the severity of IR, although there are the most informative, sensitive and specific, have not been widely used in clinical practice. The aim of the research is to evaluate the possibility to use calculated «non-insulin» indices in clinical practice to assess IR in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with HUA. Materials and methods. We examined 395 patients with type 2 diabetes (231 women and 164 men) aged 39 to 81 years, the average — (54.6 ± 12.9) years, who received oral hypoglycemic therapy. Anthropometric indicators were determined — waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI). The author determined the level of fasting blood glucose in capillary blood by glucose oxidase method, the concentration of uric acid (SUA) in the serum, the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG) — by colorimetric method; immunoreactive insulin — by immunochemiluminescent method. The IR severity was assessed by indices HOMA-IR, QUICKI, Caro, visceral obesity index (AVI), triglyceride-glucose index (TyG-index), TyG-BMI index, TyG-WC index, metabolic index (MI) and the ratio of TG/cholesterol-HDL (TG/HDL-C-ratio). Statistical analysis of the obtained data was performed using the software package «Statgraphics Plus for Windows 10.0». Results. Between groups of patients with T2DM on the concentration of SUA in the blood the author found significant differences in WC, BMI and TG level, which affected the calculated «non-insulin» indices: AVI (P = 0.026), TyG-index (P = 0.04), TyG-BMI-index (P = 0.001), TyG-WC index (P = 0.037) and MI (P = 0.03). A positive correlation between HOMA-IR and MI (rs = 0.44, P = 0.0006) and AVI (rs = 0.28, P = 0.01) was established; QUICKI with MI (rs = 0.32, P = 0.012), TyG-index (rs = 0.29, P = 0.02), TyG-BMI index (rs = 0.25, P = 0.04), TyG-WC index (rs = 0.34, P = 0.004) and AVI (rs = 0.31, P = 0.01). It has been determined that the Caro index at the trend level positively correlates with the TyG-index (rs = 0.23, P = 0.065). Among the studied calculated «non-insulin» indices in patients with T2DM with the concentration of SUA in the blood are significantly associated with TyG-index (rs = 0.19; P = 0.0034), TyG-BMI index (rs = 0.43; P = 0.0001), TyG-WC index (rs = 0.44; P = 0.00001), MI (rs = -0.17; P = 0.012) and TG/HDL-C-ratio (rs = 0.15); P = 0.011). Conclusions. the author established a positive correlation between HOMA-IR and MI and AVI in patients with T2DM with SUA; QUICKI with MI, TyG-index, TyG-BMI-index, TyG-WC-index and AVI. Among the calculated «non-insulin» IR indices with the concentration of SUA in patients with T2DM are significantly associated with TyG-index, TyG-BMI-index, TyG-WC-index, MI and TyG/HS-HDL. To adequately assess the severity of IR in patients with T2DM with HUA, it is advisable to use TyG-index, TyG-BMI-index, TyG-WC-index, MI and TG/HS-HDL.
INTEGRATIVE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ACTIVITY OF RATS IN GERONTOGENESIS UNDER EXPERIMENTAL HYPERGLYCEMIA
Authors: Basysta Katerina , Rodinskiy Alexander , Guz Ludmila 
Published: October 2021

Diabetes mellitus has a major impact on the brain and its cognitive function. The pathogenesis of these disorders is still not well understood. Therefore, it is necessary to find ways of solving these manifestations in hyperglycemia in order to prevent the risk of complications that will lead to a worsening of living conditions.
In the experiment, the state of conditioned-reflex and orientation-research activity of rats of different ages (middle-aged rats and old rats) in conditions of experimental hyperglycemia was found. The animals were kept under standard vivarium conditions. Experimental hyperglycemia was modeled by intraperitoneal solution injection of alloxan monohydrate (120 mg/kg body weight, Sigma). For 10 days, blood glucose was determined using a portable glucometer «Bionime». On day 10, those animals were selected that had a blood glucose value above 28 mmol/L. The analysis of orientation-research and emotional activity was carried out using the «Open Field» technique. The number of squares crossed, the number of lifts on the hind legs, the number of peeking into the burrows, grooming, and the number of bowel movements were recorded. The conditioned passive avoidance technique was used to study the stable and labile phases of memory. In both age groups, the indicators of orientation-research activity differed significantly (p < 0.05). The decrease in the number of squares crossed, the number of racks up and the study of minks was more pronounced in middle-aged animals with diabetes mellitus. The increase in the number of amnesiac animals was also more pronounced in the middle-aged rats of the research group. A decrease in the latency period was noted in both age groups. Thus, it was found that experimental hyperglycemia had pronounced consequences for the cognitive function of animals, respectively, diabetes mellitus has a negative effect on the brain.
The three-dimensional reconstruction of the dilated renal pelvicalyceal system by non-enhanced computed tomography
Authors: Guliev B. G. , Komyakov B. K. , Talyshinskiy A. E. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction. The three-dimensional reconstruction of the renal pelvicalyceal system (PCS) is possible when performing enhanced computed tomography (CT). However, the use of a contrast agent has its limitations associated with the presence of allergy and chronic kidney disease.Purpose of the study. To describe the method of semi-autonomous three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the PCS based on non-enhanced CT images of patients with upper urinary tract obstruction.Materials and methods. Five patients diagnosed with renal colic were recruited from April-May 2021. All patients underwent CT-urography after informed consent. Medical Imaging Interaction Toolkit program (MITK) expanded with explainable update were used for 3D-reconstruction of PCS via excretory and native phases. To assess the accuracy of the latter, both contrast and non-contrast models were compared regarding their surface area. Also, the PCS of one patient was used to reconstruct virtual endoscopic views based on enhanced and non-enhanced models. Five urologists estimated their similarity and potential use of non-enhanced models for the interventional planning via a Likert scale questionnaire. The resulting models were also analyzed by programmer-engineers to test their suitability for 3D-printing.Results. The average surface area of enhanced and non-enhanced models was 3291 mm2 and 2879 mm2, respectively. Obtained models were suitable for their intraluminal reconstruction and potential 3D-printing. Analyzed properties of non-enhanced models were estimated at 4.5 out of 5.0.Conclusion. The described semi-autonomous reconstruction of the renal PCS based on non-enhanced CT images allows for a short time to reconstruct its 3D-view in patients with the upper urinary tract obstruction.
Types of the prostate blood supply during super-selective embolization of prostatic arteries
Authors: Kapranov S. A. , Zlatovratskiy A. G. , Karpov V. K. , Shaparov B. M. , Kamalov A. A. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Pelvic arteries have various anatomy and anastomoses with other branches of the internal iliac artery (IIA). This explains the technical complexity of identification and catheterization of prostatic arteries (PA), as well as the possibility of complications associated with non-target embolization of prostatic artery anastomoses.Purpose of the study. To analyze the most common variants of prostate blood supply and evaluate the effectiveness of methods for identifying prostatic arteries.Materials and methods. The study included 168 patients treated from 2013 to 2021. For catheterization of the prostatic arteries, 4 – 5 Fr microconductors and 2 – 2.8 Fr microcatheters were used. For embolization, hydrogel microspheres with a diameter of 100 – 300 µm and 300 – 500 µm were used, as well as PVA microparticles with a diameter of 100 – 500 µm. Preoperatively multi-sliced computed tomography (MSCT) angiography of the pelvic organs was performed to determine the type of prostatic angioarchitectonics.Results. The use of preoperative MSCT angiography in combination with intraoperative digital subtraction angiography made it possible to determine the variations of prostatic artery divergence and identify their anastomoses in 100% of patients (336 pelvic sides). One prostatic artery was detected in 91.4% (307) of the pelvic sides. two independent pAs in 8.6% (29) of cases. Symmetrical anatomy of the prostatic arteries on both sides was revealed in 14.3% (24) patients, the remaining 85.7% (144) patients showed asymmetry on both sides. The absence of prostatic arteries anastomoses was detected in 75.5% (254) of the pelvic sides, and in 24.4% (82) of the pelvic sides, anastomoses were detected. Interlobar intraprostatic anastomoses were found in 10.1% (34) of the pelvic sides, communication with a. dorsalis penis was detected in 8% (27) of cases, with rectal arteries in 5.3% (18) of the pelvic sides and with urinary bladder arteries in 3.6% (12) of cases. Based on the analysis of the small pelvis angioarchitectonics in 168 patients, an anatomical classification of the prostatic arteries anatomy was proposed.Conclusion. Super-selective embolization of the prostatic arteries is a contemporary minimally invasive method of prostatic hyperplasia treatment with a high safety profile. The pelvic arteries have extremely various anatomy, as well as anastomoses with other branches of the internal iliac artery, which complicates the implementation of super-selective embolization of prostatic arteries. The combination of preoperative MSCT and intraoperative digital subtraction angiography makes it possible to identify the prostatic artery and its anastomoses in most cases.
The changes of the tubular epithelium phenotype in the contralateral kidney nephrons while developing unilateral ureteral obstruction: an experimental study
Authors: Akimenko M. A. , Voronova O. V. , Kolmakova T. S. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction. The high prevalence of renal diseases caused by urinary tract obstruction led to the need for experimental research of compensatory and pathological processes with kidney injury. It is also of relevance to study key mechanisms providing a compensatory function of the contralateral kidney for early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of obstructive renal diseases.Purpose of the study. To examine epithelial nephron cells phenotype dynamics changes in contralateral kidney using unilateral ureteral obstruction experimental model.Materials and methods. Model of unilateral ureteral obstruction was established using adult rabbits. The studies were carried out on days 7, 14 and 21 of complete obstruction of the left ureter. Immunophenotyping was performed on contralateral kidney tissue samples using epithelial (cytokeratin 7, E-cadherin) and mesenchymal (vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin) markers.Results. The contralateral kidney under additional load can maintain the morphological and functional characteristics of the nephron for a long time. The first transmogrify signs in the nephron epithelium phenotype were detected by day 21 as the diffuse appearance of mesenchymal marker vimentin with unaltered visualization of epithelial phenotype markers.Conclusion. The results obtained allow us to assume that the compensatory reserve of the contralateral kidney is gradually decreasing when the duration of the obstruction increases. Thus, the likelihood of developing negative disorders increases.
Mapping Information Needs of Patients With Sexually Transmitted Infections Using Web-Based Data Sources: Grounded Theory Investigation
Authors: Mulgund Pavankumar , Sharman Raj , Purao Sandeep , Thimmanayakanapalya Sagarika Suresh , Winkelstein Peter 
Published: October 2021

Background
According to the World health organization (WHO), more than 1 million sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are acquired each day across the world. The incidence rates of STIs in the United States are at a record high for the fourth consecutive year. Owing to the stigma associated with the incidence of STI, there is a general reluctance to seek information in person. Instead, web-based information sources remain the primary avenues of information-seeking. However, these sources are designed without a comprehensive understanding of the information needs of individuals who have contracted STIs.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the information needs of individuals who have or suspect they have contracted an STI. A better understanding of their information needs can drive the design of more effective digital interventions.

Methods
This is a qualitative and analytical study of 549 transcripts (consisting of queries posted over the last 10 years) from web-based forums of the American Sexual Health Association (ASHA), which allows patients, volunteers, and health care providers connect anonymously. The analysis follows a grounded theory (GT) approach with multiple coding stages to uncover categories and themes.

Results
Three categories of information needs emerged. The first two, clinical and logistical, are similar to other contexts. However, our analysis shows that there is a significant need for the last category—psychosocial information. Approximately 59% of instances are linked to concerns such as confusion, discretion, remorse, and others. These needs vary across the stages of a patient’s journey from symptom manifestation to treatment maintenance.

Conclusions
Responding to the needs of individuals who have or suspect they have contracted an STI requires compassionate and personalized responses (beyond factual clinical and logistical information). Web-based forums provide anonymity but do not adequately incorporate mechanisms, practices, or incentives to respond to diverse psychosocial concerns. Innovative approaches to add such support can make the digital interventions more effective for this group of individuals.
eHealth Literacy Instruments: Systematic Review of Measurement Properties
Authors: Lee Jiyeon , Lee Eun-Hyun , Chae Duckhee 
Published: October 2021

Background
The internet is now a major source of health information. With the growth of internet users, eHealth literacy has emerged as a new concept for digital health care. Therefore, health professionals need to consider the eHealth literacy of consumers when providing care utilizing digital health technologies.

Objective
This study aimed to identify currently available eHealth literacy instruments and evaluate their measurement properties to provide robust evidence to researchers and clinicians who are selecting an eHealth literacy instrument.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of self-reported eHealth literacy instruments by applying the updated COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments) methodology.

Results
This study included 7 instruments from 41 articles describing 57 psychometric studies, as identified in 4 databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycInfo). No eHealth literacy instrument provided evidence for all measurement properties. The eHealth literacy scale (eHEALS) was originally developed with a single-factor structure under the definition of eHealth literacy before the rise of social media and the mobile web. That instrument was evaluated in 18 different languages and 26 countries, involving diverse populations. However, various other factor structures were exhibited: 7 types of two-factor structures, 3 types of three-factor structures, and 1 bifactor structure. The transactional eHealth literacy instrument (TeHLI) was developed to reflect the broader concept of eHealth literacy and was demonstrated to have a sufficient low-quality and very low-quality evidence for content validity (relevance, comprehensiveness, and comprehensibility) and sufficient high-quality evidence for structural validity and internal consistency; however, that instrument has rarely been evaluated.

Conclusions
The eHealth literacy scale was the most frequently investigated instrument. However, it is strongly recommended that the instrument's content be updated to reflect recent advancements in digital health technologies. In addition, the transactional eHealth literacy instrument needs improvements in content validity and further psychometric studies to increase the credibility of its synthesized evidence.
Prognostic and predictive value of microsatellite instability status among patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Baidoun Firas , Saad Anas M , Abdel-Rahman Omar 
Published: October 2021

Objectives:
Compare overall survival (OS) between microsatellite instability (MSI) high and MSI-stable and analyze the effect of chemotherapy on OS.
Methods:
National cancer database was queried for patients diagnosed with colorectal adenocarcinoma between 2010 and 2016. We evaluated the OS and the chemotherapy effect using Kaplan–Meier estimates and multivariate Cox regression analyses.
Results:
Total of 30,436 stage II patients and 30,302 stage III patients were included. In stage II with high-risk features and MSI-high, patients who received chemotherapy had better OS compared to patients who didn't receive chemotherapy. The same was found in stage II with no high-risk features and MSI-high group.
Conclusion:
Stage II colorectal cancer patients with high-risk features and MSI-high who received chemotherapy have better OS compared to patients who didn't receive chemotherapy.
Effect of Different Extraction Method on Total Flavonoid Contents of Sansevieria trifasciata P. Leaves Extract
Authors: Septiani Gina , Susanti Susanti , Sucitra Fitria 
Published: October 2021

Sanseviera leaves (Sansevieria trifasciata P.) is a plant that contains flavonoids. Flavonoid in the health sector act as antibacterial, antioxidant, anti inflammatory and anti diabetic. The extraction method will determine the amount of substance on the plant extract. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different extraction method on total flavonoid contents of sansevieria leaves extract. The method used is an experimental by comparing meceration and soxhletation extraction method to the total flavonoid contents of sansevieria leaves extract using UV-Vis spectrophotometric. The results showed that the total flavonoid contents of the maceration extraction method was 13.934 mgQE/g or 1.39% higher than the soxhlet extraction method of 8.117 mgQE/g or 0.81%. The results of statistical tests showed that significant value of 0.001 (p<0.05), means that there is a significant effect between the contents of total flavonoids in maceration and soxhlet extraction methods.
Dental Laser in The Covid-19 Era
Authors: Elson Natalia , Brandes Irene , Resnick Steven 
Published: October 2021

Despite the many historical events during the year 2020, this period of time will forever be remembered as the year of COVID-19. Since its onset in November 2019, The Sars-CoV-2 has made an enormous impact across all aspects of society across the entire world. Globally as of July 5th, 2021, there have been 184000000 confirmed cases of COVID-19, which tragically include 3980000 deaths.
Sars-CoV-2 is spread through the respiratory system with the primary modes of transmission being aerosol, respiratory droplets, and direct contact.
It is of great importance to understand that one of the primary modes of transmission, the aerosol (bioaerosol) mode is a mode that is omnipresent in most dental settings.
To prevent dissemination of disease in American dental offices, the CDC and the ADA have developed strict protocols for dental care providers to follow.
Protocols include case selection, protective equipment (PPE), Covid testing, procedure risk stratification, and reduction of aerosols. Laser-assisted dentistry has been identified as a potential key modality in the reduction of bio aerosols.
Does income inequality matter for CO2 emissions in Russian regions?
Authors: Davidson Natalia , Mariev Oleg , Turkanova Sophia 
Published: October 2021

Research background: Intensive economic growth in Russian regions during recent decades has been associated with numerous environmental issues, particularly increasing CO2 emissions, as well as income inequality. To achieve sustainable development, it is necessary to resolve these issues.
Purpose of the article: To shed light on the impact of income inequality on CO2 emissions based on Russian regional data covering the years 2004?2018.
Methods: Gini index and decile dispersion ratio are used to measure income inequality. To study the impact of income inequality on CO2 emissions in the Russian regions, we estimate econometric models with fixed and random effects and apply GMM method. We test the hypothesis of the environmental Kuznets curve to determine the impact of economic growth on CO2 emissions.
Findings & value added: The results show that CO2 emissions increase in tandem with growth in income inequality between 10% of people with the lowest income and 10% of people with the highest income. Simultaneously, CO2 emissions decrease with growth of Gini coefficient. The hypothesis of the Environmental Kuznets Curve was confirmed based on GMM method. Our findings underscore that the activities of the extraction and manufacturing sectors, as well as energy consumption, increase CO2 emissions. The chief significance of this paper is the finding that large income gap between extremely rich and extremely poor population cohorts increases CO2 emissions. This implies that economic policy aimed at reducing income inequality in Russian regions will also reduce CO2 emissions, especially if accompanied by increased use of environmentally friendly technologies. From the international perspective, our research can be extended to study other countries and regions.
The credibility of earnings announced by new stock companies: accrual and real earnings management
Authors: Sosnowski Tomasz 
Published: October 2021

Research background: An initial public offering (IPO) creates an excellent opportunity to research the impact of changes in the institutional environment of companies on the trustworthiness of the information disclosed in financial statements.
Purpose of the article: The main aim of the study is to analyze the use of accrual and real earnings management to inflate earnings, revenue, or total assets around the going public event. Therefore, this paper contributes to the stream of study on the quality of financial reporting of new stock companies.
Methods: Two main approaches reflect the use of various types of earnings management activities, i.e., discretionary accruals and real earnings management. In both cases, it was necessary to use proper OLS method estimated models to identify the normal level of categories that affect the results reported in financial statements.
Findings & value added: Based on a sample of 183 IPOs from the Warsaw Stock Exchange between 2005 and 2015, generally, managers of newly-listed companies actively use discretionary accruals, reduce production costs and certain discretionary expenses, and abnormal cash flows from operations ? i.e., all proxies of earnings management used in the paper ? in the periods around the IPO. In the period prior to the IPO, managers more often introduce techniques typical of the real sphere of the company's operations, in particular, the deliberate modeling of certain discretionary costs. In turn, the use of discretionary accruals dominates in the year after the IPO.