bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exit interviews as a tool to reduce parting employees’ complaints about their former employer and to ensure residual commitment
Authors: König Cornelius J. , Richter Manuela , Isak Isabela 
Published: August 2021

Purpose
According to previous research, exit interviews do not fulfil the purpose of generating useful feedback from parting employees. According to signaling theory, they might, however, serve a different purpose: to leave one last good impression on parting employees, and the aim of this study was to test this.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey was administered to a sample of 164 German employees.

Findings
Consistent with arguments based on signaling theory, those who experienced an exit interview reported more residual affective commitment toward their former employer and less willingness to complain about it, and these effects were mediated by interpersonal fairness perceptions. In addition, the probability of having an exit interview was found to depend on the resignation style of employees.

Research limitations/implications
This new perspective on exit interviews can renew the interest in studying how organizations manage the offboarding process.

Practical implications
This study advises employers to conduct “exit conversations” (as two-way interactions rather than one-way interviews) and to carefully plan the exit phase.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that proposes a signaling theory perspective of exit interviews and that links exit interviews with the literature on resignation styles.
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: association of Helicobacter pylori infection with gastro‐oesophageal reflux and its complications
Authors: Zamani Mohammad , Alizadeh‐Tabari Shaghayegh , Hasanpour Amir Hossein , Eusebi Leonardo H. , Ford Alexander C. 
Published: August 2021

SummaryBackgroundConflicting results exist on the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastro‐oesophageal reflux (GOR), and its complications, such as erosive oesophagitis (EO) and Barrett's oesophagus (BO).AimsTo explore the association of H. pylori infection with GOR symptoms and their complicationsMethodsWe searched Embase, PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases through December 2020 for relevant articles. Regarding the association between H. pylori and GOR symptoms (heartburn, regurgitation or reflux), we included observational studies comparing the prevalence of GOR symptoms between H. pylori‐positive and ‐negative individuals. Concerning the association between H. pylori and complications of GOR, we included studies comparing the prevalence of EO or BO between H. pylori‐positive and ‐negative individuals.ResultsIn total, 36 papers were eligible. Based on seven cross‐sectional surveys, H. pylori infection was associated with a lower odds of GOR symptoms (odds ratio [OR] 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61‐0.90). However, in four case‐control studies, H. pylori infection was not associated with odds of GOR symptoms (OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.85‐0.1.43). In 26 cross‐sectional studies in patients with GOR symptoms, the OR for EO was 0.70 (95% CI 0.58‐0.84) in H. pylori‐positive vs ‐negative cases. Based on nine cross‐sectional studies in subjects with GOR complications, no significant association was found between H. pylori infection and either endoscopically‐diagnosed (OR 1.84, 95% CI 0.67‐5.02) or histologically confirmed (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.60‐1.20) BO.ConclusionsHelicobacter pylori infection appears to be associated with a decreased odds of GOR symptoms and EO. In contrast, H. pylori infection did not seem to affect the odds of BO in patients with GER complications.
Challenges facing cross‐disciplinary collaboration in conservation ethics
Authors: Ferraro Kristy M. , Ferraro Anthony L. , Sommer Nathalie R. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe enterprise of conservation is inherently ethical, requiring conservationists to navigate morally challenging problems. Working together, conservationists and ethicists have developed the field of conservation ethics. Yet, due to the deeply interdisciplinary nature of the field, conservation ethics faces a unique set of challenges. We first comment on the harm caused by reciprocal ignorance between some practicing conservationists and ethicists. We then explore the difficulties of creating a widely applied ethic, examining conversations surrounding the recently emerged virtue ethic, Compassionate Conservation. By bringing attention to these challenges, and highlighting medical bioethics as a touchstone of productive applied ethical theory, we can help the field avoid unproductive pitfalls, as well as facilitate positive and productive communication and collaboration between the various members of the different disciplines involved.
Liver‐Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide 2 antagonizes the insulinostatic effect of ghrelin in rat isolated pancreatic islets
Authors: Bayle Morgane , Péraldi‐Roux Sylvie , Gautheron Guillaume , Cros Gérard , Oiry Catherine , Neasta Jérémie 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe hormone ghrelin is the endogenous agonist of the G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR) termed growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). Ghrelin inhibits glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion by activating pancreatic GHSR. Recently, Liver‐Expressed Antimicrobial Peptide 2 (LEAP2) was recognized as an endogenous GHSR ligand that blocks ghrelin‐induced actions. Nonetheless, the effect of LEAP2 on glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic islets is unknown. We aimed at exploring the activity of LEAP2 on glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion. Islets of Langerhans isolated from rat pancreas were exposed to glucose in the presence or in the absence of LEAP2 and ghrelin and then insulin secretion was assayed. LEAP2 did not modulate glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion. However, LEAP2 blocked the insulinostatic action of ghrelin. Our data show that LEAP2 behaves as an antagonist of pancreatic GHSR.
Measuring and characterizing land use mix patterns of China’s megacities: A case study of Shanghai
Authors: Zheng Hongyu , Zhuo Yuefei , Xu Zhongguo , Wu Cifang , Huang Jianhong , Fu Qi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractLand use mix (LUM) is a key part of urban form, but the definitions and measures of LUM are debated. This study aims to reveal the spatial characteristics of LUM patterns by using a sample of 216 streets in Shanghai, a megacity of China. Firstly, a systematic quantitative framework for sustainable LUM is proposed. Then, an LUM degree index (LMDI) that integrates diversity, proximity and compatibility is developed to address the possible bias of a single dimension. Results suggest that areas with high diversity are not necessarily mixed, due to inaccessibility or negative externalities of land uses. Subsequently, spatial characteristics of LUM patterns that combine LMDI with dominant mix‐typologies are analyzed. Results show that residential & service‐dominated streets tend to exhibit higher mix, and are mainly distributed in the city center or the administrative core area. However, 44.4% of the streets with residential & industrial‐dominated or equally distributed mix have lower mix degree and are generally located in the outskirts. More optimized policies for urban periphery areas should be considered. LUM patterns present a detailed perspective to measure and depict the spatial features of LUM, and have the potential to assist urban planners in making decisions.
Dynamic scheduling of a picking robot with limited buffer and rejection: an industrial case study
Authors: Thevenin Simon , Mebarki Nasser , Chatellier Pauline 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper addresses the pick‐and‐place robot scheduling problem with rejection and compatibility (PPRC) encountered in a major French mail delivery provider. The problem arises on a shop floor where boxes arrive dynamically (in an unknown order), and a robot or some operators place these boxes in packages according to their destinations. As the company invested in a pick‐and‐place robot to relieve the operators, the problem aims to maximize the workload of the robots. We provide a mathematical formulation of the PPRC, identify special cases solvable in polynomial time, and propose different online heuristics. Based on real data from our industrial case study, we study the performance of these heuristics, and we provide sensitivity analysis. The results show that the heuristic performs well when compared with the optimal off‐line solution.
Potential importance of the ear as a post‐anthesis carbon source to improve drought tolerance in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Kashiwagi Junichi , Yoshioka Yuichiro , Nakayama Suzu , Inoue Yoshiko , An Ping , Nakashima Taiken 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIt is important to explore and propose a potential source for further improvements in drought tolerance in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The present study aimed to evaluate the significance of ear as a post‐anthesis carbon source under drought conditions in wheat genotypes with different sink–source balances. Field trials were conducted in 2017 and 2018 for four spring wheat genotypes (T. aestivum L.) with different sink–source balances in two different soil water conditions, irrigated and drought. The relative importance of a post‐anthesis carbon gain and dry matter remobilization as source functions for grain filling was evaluated in both environments. Digital infrared thermal imagery analysis was undertaken to analyse the contribution of the photosynthetic source to the leaf canopy and ear parts. In irrigated conditions, carbon assimilation was the major source for grain filling in all genotypes, whereas the contribution of dry matter remobilization was up to 20%. This was supported by a larger leaf area index (LAI) with a lower canopy temperature as the soil water stress alleviated. The ear temperature was always maintained below the canopy temperature, irrespective of irrigation treatment. When the drought intensity became more severe, very small leaf area was insufficient as the photosynthetic source organ for grain filling. Under severe drought condition, especially for genotypes with a larger sink capacity, carbon supply from ear itself appeared to play a significant role in grain filling. This study suggested that enhancing ear photosynthesis could be potential target for improving drought tolerance for high‐yielding modern wheat genotypes with larger sink and smaller biomass.
The ectomycorrhizal fungal communities react differently to climatic, edaphic and spatial variables depending on their host species
Authors: Sugiyama Yoriko , Matsuoka Shunsuke , Osono Takashi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimEctomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal community structures can vary across sites at a regional scale (>1,000 km), affected by abiotic and biotic environments, dispersal abilities of the fungi, or ecological drift, even among forests of the same host tree species. The spatial patterns of such variation may differ among associated host species and their growth environments, but our knowledge about this remains limited. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether the ECM fungal community structures (i.e. species richness and species composition) at the regional scale and their driving factors vary across hosts.LocationJapan.TaxonECM fungi associated with Fagus crenata and Castanopsis sieboldii.MethodsUsing DNA metabarcoding of fine roots, the ECM fungal communities of 15 Fagus crenata forests across their distribution range were characterised. The resultant community structure of ECM fungi, as well as the relative effects of edaphic, climatic and spatial factors on community composition were compared with those of 12 Castanopsis sieboldii forests investigated in a previous study.ResultsECM fungal community composition differed between the two Fagaceae hosts. The spatial pattern of ECM fungal community composition also differed between hosts. Specifically, the spatial variation in community composition across sites was smaller in F. crenata forests than in C. sieboldii forests. The spatial pattern of ECM fungal communities of F. crenata forests was explained by climatic and edaphic factors, while that of C. sieboldii forests was explained by spatial and edaphic factors.Main conclusionsOn a regional scale in Japan, the spatial pattern of ECM fungal communities and its driving factors varied between two Fagaceae host species. Our results provide an example that the difference in associated host leads to the difference in environmental response among ECM fungal communities.
Prepandemic Risk Factors of COVID‐19‐Related Concerns in Adolescents During the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: van Loon Amanda W. G. , Creemers Hanneke E. , Vogelaar Simone , Miers Anne C. , Saab Nadira , Westenberg P. Michiel , Asscher Jessica J. 
Published: August 2021

To identify adolescents who may be at risk for adverse outcomes, we examined the extent of COVID‐19‐related concerns reported by adolescents and investigated which prepandemic risk and protective factors predicted these concerns during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Dutch adolescents (N = 188; Mage = 13.49, SD = .81) were assessed before the pandemic and at eight and ten months into the pandemic. Results demonstrated that adolescents’ most frequently reported COVID‐19‐related concerns were about social activities and getting delayed in school. Adolescents that have specific vulnerabilities before the pandemic (i.e., higher stress, maladaptive coping, or internalizing problems) experience more concerns during the pandemic, stressing the importance of guiding and supporting these adolescents in order to prevent adverse developmental outcomes.
Altered structure of bat–prey interaction networks in logged tropical forests revealed by metabarcoding
Authors: Hemprich‐Bennett David R. , Kemp Victoria A. , Blackman Joshua , Struebig Matthew J. , Lewis Owen T. , Rossiter Stephen J. , Clare Elizabeth L. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHabitat degradation is pervasive across the tropics and is particularly acute in Southeast Asia, with major implications for biodiversity. Much research has addressed the impact of degradation on species diversity; however, little is known about how ecological interactions are altered, including those that constitute important ecosystem functions such as consumption of herbivores. To examine how rainforest degradation alters trophic interaction networks, we applied DNA metabarcoding to construct interaction networks linking forest‐dwelling insectivorous bat species and their prey, comparing old‐growth forest and forest degraded by logging in Sabah, Borneo. Individual bats in logged rainforest consumed a lower richness of prey than those in old‐growth forest. As a result, interaction networks in logged forests had a less nested structure. These network structures were associated with reduced network redundancy and thus increased vulnerability to perturbations in logged forests. Our results show how ecological interactions change between old‐growth and logged forests, with potentially negative implications for ecosystem function and network stability.
Evaluation of a self‐care education program for older adults in Iran using a lifestyle improvement model
Authors: Tavakkoli Oskuei Mehrnaz , Barzanjeh Atri Shirin , Davoodi Arefeh , Van Son Catherine , Asghari‐Jafarabadi Mohammad , Hosseinzadeh Mina 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundOlder adults and their caregivers often believe it is either too late or too difficult to make health‐focused lifestyle changes. However, this is inaccurate, as older adults can make health promotion focused lifestyle changes thereby improving their health. This study developed and evaluated a self‐care education program using Pender's Health Promotion Model and its influence on health‐focused behaviour changes among older Iranians.MethodThis was a quasi‐experimental study with a convenience sample of 136 community‐living older adults from Tabriz, Iran. The participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention (n = 69) or control (n = 67) group. Chi‐square test, independent t tests and Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) statistical methods were used to compare pre‐ and post‐intervention data, control and intervention groups and changes over time. The intervention was an eight‐week educational program with pre‐ and post‐intervention data collected using the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II) questionnaire.ResultsThe mean difference and confidence limits of the older adults' health behaviours pre‐ and post‐intervention scores were 2.228 (−5.450 – 9.916) and ‐ 35.820 (−32.051 – 39.588). The covariance analysis adjusting for the baseline values showed significant differences post‐intervention (p<0.0001) in the areas of interpersonal communication, physical activity, nutrition, stress management and spiritual growth.ConclusionThe health promotion education intervention illustrated that older Iranians could improve their health outcomes in several areas. Thus, culturally tailored intervention programs can be successful in challenging the opinion that older adults cannot make behaviour changes supporting their health.
Interculturalism as a strategy to manage diversity: Moving psychological research beyond colorblindness and multiculturalism
Authors: Yogeeswaran Kumar , Gale Jessica , Verkuyten Maykel 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe 21st century has highlighted major dilemmas on how to best manage diversity in our increasingly plural societies. Various strategies for managing diversity have been promoted to address this challenge including assimilation, colorblindness, and multiculturalism. However, empirical evidence has revealed that each poses weaknesses for intergroup relations. As a result, policy‐makers and political theorists have promoted interculturalism as an alternate strategy that addresses new and emerging realities revolving around superdiversity, cultural fusions, and mixed forms of identity. In the current paper, we explore interculturalism as a pro‐diversity ideology that takes a more dynamic view of cultural identity where individuals belonging to different social groups are supported to interact and influence each other leading to new and complex self‐understandings. We consider the meaning and conceptualization of interculturalism, its psychological correlates, its implications for intergroup relations, and how minority group members perceive interculturalism. Given that empirical research on interculturalism is in its infancy, we further consider gaps in our understanding of the topic and suggest avenues for future research.
Backward Running on a Negative Slope as a Treatment for Achilles Tendinopathy in Runners: A Feasibility Pilot Study
Authors: Hammer Shlomo , Spitzer Elad , Springer Shmuel 
Published: August 2021

Context: Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a common musculoskeletal injury among runners. Eccentric exercises are considered first-line treatment. However, during the early stages of rehabilitation, patients are usually instructed to stop running. Backward running (BR) on a negative slope provides a similar eccentric load while enabling ongoing physical activity; thus, it may be suggested as an alternative treatment. Objectives: To determine the feasibility of a BR program as a treatment option for AT in runners. Design: Prospective, single-arm feasibility study. Setting: Outpatient clinic. Patients: Recreational runners diagnosed with AT and referred to the Meuhedet Health Services Physical Therapy Clinic in Jerusalem, Israel, from September 2019 to February 2020. Intervention: The patients completed a 5-week (9 sessions) rehabilitation program of supervised BR on a negatively inclined treadmill. Main Outcome Measures: Compliance with the program was evaluated by calculating the percentage of patients who completed the full protocol with no adverse events. Personal running-related goals were set before the program and were assessed following rehabilitation using the goal attainment scaling method. Forward-running time until the onset of relevant Achilles tendon pain, and the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment Scale-Achilles were measured at baseline (T0), before treatment session 6 (T1), and after the last session (T2). Results: Among the 15 patients recruited, 14 (93%), average age 48.8 (10.4) years (86% males), completed the full protocol with no adverse events. Almost all participants (85.7%) achieved their running-related functional goals. Postintervention, the median forward-running time increased from 52.5 (92.5) to 900 (522.5) seconds (P = .008, effect size = .858), and the median Victorian Institute of Sports Assessment Scale-Achilles score improved by 28 points (P = .003, effect size = .881). Conclusions: BR on a negative slope may be a feasible treatment method for runners suffering from AT. Future randomized control trials are required to further validate the efficacy of this method.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on unmet healthcare needs in Seoul, South Korea: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kim Jungah , You Myoungsoon , Shon Changwoo 
Published: August 2021

ObjectivesThis study investigated the factors influencing unmet healthcare needs of people during the early stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in Seoul, South Korea. The findings help to identify people who have difficulty accessing healthcare services during a pandemic situation.DesignWe conducted a cross-sectional study using a proportionate quota sampling method according to five major districts, sex and age, using an online survey. We analysed the key characteristics of influencing factors of unmet healthcare needs based on the Andersen behavioural model of healthcare utilisation: predisposing factors (eg, sex, age), need factors (eg, health status, illness) and enabling factors (eg, income, efficacy belief).SettingThe questionnaire was sent via email and mobile text messages from the end of April to the beginning of May 2020 during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.ParticipantsA sample of 813 respondents was used, and the respondent information was anonymised in the analysis process.ResultsFor the predisposing factors, sex, age, education level and occupational cluster were associated with unmet needs for healthcare. Chronic diseases and mental health were the influencing factors as an enabling factor that exerted an influence on the unmet need for healthcare in South Korea. Women, younger persons, those with lower education and persons with white-collar jobs were more likely to experience unmet healthcare needs. In addition, the more chronic diseases people had, the more COVID-19 negatively affected them mentally; and the more people felt fear of COVID-19, the higher chances they experienced unmet healthcare needs.ConclusionGovernment and policymakers are guided to draw out measures such as health communication and telemedicine to reduce the unmet healthcare needs during the pandemic and to recognise the different influencing factors.