bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peculiarities of the English environmental protection terminology
Authors: Usyk Galyna , Kuzmina Valeriia 
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the English terms in the sphere of environmental protection. With the development of ecology as a science and the need for environmental protection, the study of the structure, semantics, and pragmatics of environmental terminology require constant study. The aim of the study is to identify the peculiarities of the English terminology of environmental protection. The study was carried out in 2 stages. During the first stage, the reasons for the formation of terminology of environmental protection, stages of its development, and the main features of the term were presented. It was found that the large-scale study of the environmental problems resulted in the need for deeper analysis of the English-language terminology in the sphere of environmental protection. During the second stage, 349 English-language terms from the environmental protection sphere were analyzed and classified according to their main types, 11 thematic groups that cover lexical-thematic groups, and antonymous relations of the environmental protection terminology were presented. It was found that English-language terminological units of environmental protection have negative prefixes: un-, dis-, il-, -non-, -de, -in. More often the terms are formed from the prefixes -non- and un-. The least terms are formed with the help of prefixes im- and anti-. According to the structure English terminology of environmental protection includes simple, derivative, complex, and multi-component terms. The research material was the English dictionary of environmental protection Collin P. H.and the Ukrainian-Russian-English Dictionary of Ecology and Nature Protection by E. Voronova.
Keywords: English terminology of environmental protection; antonymous relations; the environment; environmental protection; ecology.
The phenomenon of conservative-perturbed equilibrium in conditions different reactors
Authors: Trishch Vitaliy , Beznosyk Yurii , Yablonsky Gregory , Constales Denis 
Published: July 2021

Finding the optimal mode is a conceptual problem. The most important indicator that reflects the perfection of a chemical reactor is the intensity of the process in it.
The phenomenon of conservatively perturbed-equilibrium (CPE) in the conditions of different types of reactors (in acyclic and cyclic systems) was studied: the ideal displacement reactor ("steady-state plug flow reactor, PFR") and the ideal mixing reactor ("steady-state continuous stirred tank reactor, CSTR").
For the acyclic reaction, the time of extremum onset was less in CSTR by ≈2.1%, but the concentration of substance B in the extremum in PFR was greater by ≈17.2% than in CSTR. For the cyclic reaction, the time of extremum onset was less in CSTR by ≈5.6%, but the concentration of substance B in the extremum in PFR was greater by ≈11.6% than in CSTR. For the acyclic and cyclic reaction in PFR, the time of occurrence of the extremum of the cyclic reaction was lower by ≈44.2% than in the acyclic, but the concentration of substance B in the extremum of the acyclic reaction was greater by ≈24.8% than in the cyclic reaction. For the acyclic and cyclic reaction in CSTR, the time of occurrence of the extremum of the cyclic reaction was lower by ≈46.2% than in the acyclic, but the concentration of substance B in the extremum in the acyclic reaction was greater by ≈18.9% than in the cyclic reaction. The cyclic system showed a shorter time for the onset of the extremum, but the acyclic reaction system showed a higher concentration of substance B at the extremum in PFR and CSTR. Although the time of extremum onset was the lowest in CSTR in the cyclic system, the concentration of substance B in the extremum was highest in the PFR in the acyclic system. Therefore (from our systems and reactors) the acyclic system in PFR shows the best characteristics.
The extremum in transient modes is always observed for acyclic and cyclic complex reactions in both reactors, both in PFR and in CSTR. The phenomenon of conservatively perturbed-equilibrium is manifested in both PFR and CSTR. With the same rate constants, the acyclic system in PFR is characterized by higher values of "over equilibrium" conversion than the acyclic system in CSTR. Similarly, with the same rate constants, the cyclic system in PFR is characterized by higher values of "over equilibrium" conversion than the cyclic system in CSTR.
The time of extremum onset is less in CSTR. This is true for acyclic and cyclic systems.
The greater the difference between the initial concentrations of the two substances, the greater the "over equilibrium" concentration of the third substance, the initial concentration of which was equilibrium.
At our values of kinetic parameters, the sensitivity of the time of occurrence of the extremum of the same reaction in different reactors (PFR and CSTR) is small (up to ≈5.6%), and at different reactions (acyclic and cyclic), but in one type of reactor (PFR or CSTR) - significant, reaching ≈46.2%.
Gender Equality on Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah Perspective
Authors: Abidin Ahmad Zainal , Ratnawati Dewi , Taufiqurrahim Taufiqurrohim , Aziz Thoriqul 
Published: July 2021

<pre><em><span lang="EN-US">Factors related to the discrimination of women's rights include religious perspectives that are contaminated by cultural patriarchy, race, social strata, gender identity, sexual orientation, age, and health. Liberation of women's rights can be realized by Islamic organizations which are free from the negative influence of patriarchal culture. These organizations are Nahdatul Ulama 'and Muhammadiyah. The focus of the discussion includes the gender perspective of Nahdatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah. it also want to trace the gender equality perspective of Nahdatul Ulama' and Muhammadiyah. The method used by the writer is in the form of library research. Sources of data are taken from relevant theme raised by the author. The results of research are giving freedom for women to realize their rights and potential both in the public sector and domestic sector.</span></em></pre><pre><em><span lang="EN-US"> </span></em></pre>
EFFECT OF SCREEN HOUSE MODIFICATION AT FLOWER BUD STADIA ON FLOWER QUALITY OF CHRYSANTHEMUM AT MEDIUM UPLAND ELEVATION
Authors: Shintiavira Herni , Sulistyaningsih Endang , Purwantoro Aziz , Wulandari Rani Agustina 
Published: July 2021

<p class="abstrakinggris">Higher temperature and light intensity at the medium upland elevation decrease the number of blooming flowers, flower diameter, and red color flower intensity of <em>Chrysanthemum morifolium</em>compared to that at the high upland elevation. The environmental modification was needed during the flower development phase to improve the quality of chrysantheum at a medium upland elevation. The study aimed to find the suitable screen house environmental modification for increasing the chrysanthemum quality at the medium upland elevation. The study consisted of two factors. First, environmental modification of a screen house, such as (1) control, (2) the addition of shading net on the rooftop of the screen house, (3) the addition of a misting system in the screen house, and (4) the addition of a combination of shading net on the rooftop and misting system in the screen house. Second, the chrysanthemum varieties, including (1) Yastayuki (white flower), (2) Arosuka Pelangi (yellow flower), and (3) Socakawani (red flower). Experiments were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Data were analyzed by combined ANOVA. The results showed that either the addition of a shading net or misting system reduced the number of flower buds growing. The competition among flower buds was found to be reduced by decreasing the number of flower buds. Consequently, the number and diameter of the blooming flower increased. The addition of a shading net on top of the screen house was the most suitable environmental modification to increase the chrysanthemum quality at the medium upland elevation.</p>
RESISTANT LEVEL OF SOYBEAN GERMPLASM AGAINST POD SUCKING BUGS (Riptortus spp.)
Authors: Herlina Lina , Istiaji Bonjok , Koswanudin Dodin , Sutoro Sutoro 
Published: July 2021

<p class="abstrakinggris">Increasing productivity of soybean has often been constrained by pod sucking bugs (<em>Riptortus</em> spp.) which caused a serious damage and yield losses up to 80%. Breeding for obtaining soybean variety resistant to pod suckers needs the availability of soybean germplasm resistant to the pest. The study aimed to obtain a candidate for soybean variety resistant to Riptortus spp. through the selection of 100 accessions of soybean. The study included the preparation of test plants and test insects, pest infestations, observations, and looking for a practical screening method for pod sucking pests. The experiment used a completely randomized design for two treatments (infested and non-infested <em>Riptortus</em> spp.). Cikuray variety and PI-092734 accession were used as a control. Results showed that there was a very low correlation among variables observed. Twelve soybean accessions showed a resistance to <em>Riptortus </em>spp., i.e. C7301-113AC-POP, Lokal Madiun-3549, Lokal Klungkung, ML.2974, Singgalang, Lokal Jepara, Lokal Jatim, Lokal Trenggalek, Lokal Tulungagung, Lokal Tabanan, Lokal Blitar, and Lokal Kuningan 10. These accessions were more resistant than the popular released variety such as Wilis, Grobogan, Detam 2, and Gepak Ijo. Small seed size was not a major determinant of soybean resistance to pod suckers. The addition of observational components, i.e. probing preference and oviposition, indicated that crop damage was indirectly influenced by the high frequency of probing and oviposition, although its relation to plant tolerant mechanisms still needs further investigation. Indeterminate plant types require further validation as to whether they contribute significantly to plant resistance against pod sucking insects.</p>
Determinants of Agricultural Technology Adoption by Smallholder Farmers in Developing Countries: Perspective and Prospect for Indonesia
Authors: Suprehatin Suprehatin - 
Published: July 2021

<p class="BodyA">The role of agricultural technology is important in developing countries. However, in many cases the adoption rate of modern agricultural technology by smallholder farmers is low. Therefore, a better understanding of agricultural technology adoption determinants is important as a major component of agricultural growth. This paper is a review and synthesize of the literature related to potential factors that may constrain or encourage smallholder farmer adoption of new agricultural technologies. The determinant factors influencing smallholder farmer adoption of new technologies in developing countries vary from study to study based on contextual applicability and specific local condition. There are four major typologies of determinant factors are identified to help explain low adoption rates of particular agricultural technology in developing countries which are technology attributes, farmer or farm household characteristics, farm characteristics and institutional factors. Future policy recommendations on adoption decision should consider all those four important factors to provide better understanding of new agricultural technology adoption by smallholder farmers, resulting in improved livelihoods for smallholders.</p><p class="BodyA">Keywords: Agricultural, technology, adoption, farmer</p><p class="BodyA"> </p><p class="BodyA"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p><strong>DETERMINAN ADOPSI TEKNOLOGI PERTANIAN OLEH PETANI KECIL DI NEGARA BERKEMBANG: PERSPEKTIF DAN PROSPEK UNTUK INDONESIA</strong></p><p class="BodyA">Peran teknologi pertanian sangat penting di negara berkembang. Meskipun demikian, tingkat adopsi teknologi pertanian baru oleh petani kecil masih rendah. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman terhadap faktor-faktor yang menentukan keputusan petani dalam mengadopsi teknologi sangat penting untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan sektor pertanian. Tulisan ini adalah hasil sintesis terhadap beberapa literatur ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan faktor penghambat atau pendorong petani kecil dalam mengadopsi teknologi pertanian. Faktor yang memengaruhi petani kecil mengadopsi teknologi pertanian di negara berkembang berbeda antarstudi berdasarkan kebutuhan dan kondisi lokal tertentu. Empat kelompok utama faktor penentu yang dapat menjelaskan rendahnya adopsi teknologi di negara berkembang yaitu atribut teknologi, karakteristik petani, usaha tani, dan faktor kelembagaan. Rekomendasi kebijakan terkait keputusan adopsi teknologi seharusnya mempertimbangkan keempat kelompok faktor tersebut untuk dapat memahami lebih baik adopsi teknologi baru oleh petani kecil guna meningkatkan kesejahteraannya.</p><p class="BodyA">Kata kunci: Pertanian, teknologi, adopsi, petani</p>
A Influência da Participação em Jogo On-line na Atitude de Alunos de Curso Presencial de Administração em Relação a Cursos na Modalidade a Distância
Authors: Da Silva Deivson  Aroeira , Moura Luiz Rodrigo Cunha , Higuchi Agnaldo Keiti 
Published: July 2021

Vários motivos já conhecidos levam ao descrédito da modalidade EaD e prejudicam seu potencial transformador por meio da universalização da educação. Apesar disso, no caso do ensino da Administração, instituições utilizam jogos on-line, não presenciais, como ferramentas de ensino. Por isso, esse estudo tem como objetivo analisar como a participação em jogo empresarial on-line, promovido por organização do sistema “S”, influencia a atitude de alunos de cursos de graduação em Administração presenciais em relação a cursos EaD. Por meio de pesquisa documental em dados fornecidos por instituição de ensino superior de Minas Gerais, levantaram-se informações que passaram por análise de conteúdo de Bardin, estatísticas de frequência e correlação de Spearman. Os resultados indicam que a participação no jogo on-line contribui para o aprendizado e a formação, porém não influi na atitude dos alunos em relação à EaD.
COVseq is a cost-effective workflow for mass-scale SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance
Authors: Simonetti Michele , Zhang Ning , Harbers Luuk , Milia Maria Grazia , Brossa Silvia , Nguyen Thi Thu Huong , Cerruti Francesco , Berrino Enrico , Sapino Anna , Bienko Magda , Sottile Antonino , Ghisetti Valeria , Crosetto Nicola 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
While mass-scale vaccination campaigns are ongoing worldwide, genomic surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical to monitor the emergence and global spread of viral variants of concern (VOC). Here, we present a streamlined workflow—COVseq—which can be used to generate highly multiplexed sequencing libraries compatible with Illumina platforms from hundreds of SARS-CoV-2 samples in parallel, in a rapid and cost-effective manner. We benchmarked COVseq against a standard library preparation method (NEBNext) on 29 SARS-CoV-2 positive samples, reaching 95.4% of concordance between single-nucleotide variants detected by both methods. Application of COVseq to 245 additional SARS-CoV-2 positive samples demonstrated the ability of the method to reliably detect emergent VOC as well as its compatibility with downstream phylogenetic analyses. A cost analysis showed that COVseq could be used to sequence thousands of samples at less than 15 USD per sample, including library preparation and sequencing costs. We conclude that COVseq is a versatile and scalable method that is immediately applicable for SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance and easily adaptable to other pathogens such as influenza viruses.
The mortality outcomes and survival pattern of patients of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms in Malaysia
Authors: Yap Yee Yee , Sathar Jameela , Law Kian Boon , group MPN registry working 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The prognostication of myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) has always been challenging even in the advent of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2 V617F) molecular studies. The survival pattern of MPN in a developing country such as Malaysia is still undetermined.Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study using information from 774 patients from the National MPN Registry conducted from the year 2009 to 2015 in Malaysia. Patients with the diagnosis of essential thrombocythaemia (ET), polycythaemia vera (PV), primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and unclassified MPN (MPN-U) were included. Survival data were traced until December 2018. Results: The cohort consisted of 42.0% ET, 41.0% PV, 8.9% PMF and 8.1% MPN-U, with 48.8% Malay, 39.1% Chinese, 7.1% Indian, 5.0% Others. The subtypes analysis revealed that male MPNs was more than female MPNs except in ET. The Chinese ethnicity was associated with the highest incidence of ET. The mortality rate was the highest in PMF followed by MPN-U then PV and ET (p<0.0001). Survival analysis revealed that the overall survival differed significantly according to characteristics such as sex, sub-types, JAK2 V617F mutation, bone marrow fibrosis, presence of splenomegaly, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and bleeding manifestation. Cox regression analysis identified age, haemoglobin level, sex, and subtype as a significant risk factor for mortality outcome. Conclusion: Patients with ET had the slightly better OS while PMF had the worst OS. This is in conjunction with low haemoglobin, worsening bone marrow fibrosis, splenomegaly, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and bleeding. JAK2 V617F mutation was seemingly resulting in inferior overall survival especially in ET and PMF. The survival outcome of the MPN registry is instrumental for future policy development of effective healthcare in Malaysia.
Validation of an Individualized Home-Made Superficial Brachytherapy Mould Applied for Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
Authors: Jaberi Ramin , Siavashpour Zahra , akha Naser zare , Gholami Mohammad Hadi , Jafari Fatemeh , Biniyaz Mandana 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a Brachytherapy (BT) customized mold (Condensation silicone elastomer (Protesil TM )) thickness ,on dose distribution pattern in deeper lesions used for nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC).Material and Method: MOSFET TM and GAFCHROMIC TM EBT3 film dosimeters were used for the different thicknesses of a Brachytherapy (BT) customized mold (up to 20 mm), skin dose and dose in different depths were evaluated.Result: The received dose to the surface is overestimated by TPS.Skin dose can be reduced from 250 to 150% of prescription dose by increasing mold thickness from 5 mm to 20 mm. There was a 7.7% difference in calculated dose by TPS and measured dose by MOSFET. Film dosimetry data was unreliable. There was a good agreement between film dosimetry, MOSFET detector, and TPS results, in the depth of 5mm<.Conclusion: Any individualized material chosen to use for making the customized surface BT mold should be validated at BT departments. Protesil TM can be selected as feasible material to make any form of superficial molds. For thicker NMSC lesions up to 20 mm using thicker molds up to 20 mm can be. Even for 10 mm lesions, by changing mold thickness from 5 mm to 20 mm, skin dose would reduce. Protesil TM can be used to make an individualized superficial BT mold. By increasing the mold thickness, lesions can be treated without overexposing the skin surface and skin dose reduced by increasing mold thickness. So, superficial BT can be recommended as an appropriate treatment option for NMSC lesions with some consideration.
Hub gene identification and prognostic model establishment for patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Lianmei , Meng Jing , Qin Shasha , Liang Aihua 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with poor 5-year survival. Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) contributes to ~50% of HCC cases. Identification of biomarkers is pivotal for the therapy of HBV-related HCC (HBV–HCC). We downloaded gene-expression profiles from Gene expression omnibus (GEO) datasets with HBV-HCC patients and the corresponding controls. Integration of these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was achieved with the Robustrankaggreg (RRA) method. DEGs functional analyses and pathway analyses was performed using the Gene ontology (GO) database, and the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) database respectively. Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), Cyclin B1 (CCNB1), Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), Aurora kinase A (AURKA), Cyclin B2 (CCNB2), Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), Cell division cycle 20 (CDC20), DNA topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A), BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase B (BUB1B), and ZW10 interactor (ZWINT), were identified as the top-ten hub genes. The expression of hub-genes was verified in the liver cancer-riken, JP project from international cancer genome consortium (ICGC-LIRI-JP), the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) HCC cohort, and Human protein profiles dataset. A four-gene prognostic related model based on the expression of ZWINT, EZH2, FOXM1 and CDK1 were established through Cox regression analysis in ICGC-LIRI-JP project, and verified in TCGA-HCC cohort. Furthermore, a nomogram model based on pathology stage, gender and four-genes prognostic model was built to predict the prognosis for HBV–HCC patients. In conclusion, ZWINT, EZH2, FOXM1 and CDK1 play a pivotal role in HBV-HCC, and are potential therapeutic targets of HBV HCC.
Extension of the TOPSIS Method for Decision-making Problem Under Dual Hesitant Fuzzy Language Environment
Authors: Zhang Nian , Zhou Qin , Wei Guiwu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In order to comprehensively and actually describe the evaluation process, the dual hesitant fuzzy linguistic (DHFL) set is introduced in this paper, which includes more decision-making information, such as fuzzy state, hesitant process and language information. Specifically, some basic concepts of DHFL set are illustrated and a new distance measure for DHFL information is proposed, which is suitable for overcoming the irrational traditional methodology upon the general distance measure and basic probability concepts. Then, technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method is extended in dual hesitant fuzzy language environment, a novel TOPSIS method using the DHFL set is presented. Finally, the sensitivity analysis is performed to verify the feasibility and stability of the developed method, then the advantages of the proposed method are also confirmed by detailed comparative analysis.