bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FMRNet: A fused network of multiple tumoral regions for breast tumor classification with ultrasound images
Authors: Cui Wenju , Peng Yunsong , Yuan Gang , Cao Weiwei , Cao Yuzhu , Lu Zhengda , Ni Xinye , Yan Zhuangzhi , Zheng Jian 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTPurposeRecent studies have illustrated that the peritumoral regions of medical images have value for clinical diagnosis. However, the existing approaches using peritumoral regions mainly focus on the diagnostic capability of the single region and ignore the advantages of effectively fusing the intratumoral and peritumoral regions. In addition, these methods need accurate segmentation masks in the testing stage, which are tedious and inconvenient in clinical applications. To address these issues, we construct a deep convolutional neural network that can adaptively fuse the information of multiple tumoral‐regions (FMRNet) for breast tumor classification using ultrasound (US) images without segmentation masks in the testing stage.MethodsTo sufficiently excavate the potential relationship, we design a fused network and two independent modules to extract and fuse features of multiple regions simultaneously. First, we introduce two enhanced combined‐tumoral (EC) region modules, aiming to enhance the combined‐tumoral features gradually. Then, we further design a three‐branch module for extracting and fusing the features of intratumoral, peritumoral, and combined‐tumoral regions, denoted as the intratumoral, peritumoral, and combined‐tumoral module. Especially, we design a novel fusion module by introducing a channel attention module to adaptively fuse the features of three regions. The model is evaluated on two public datasets including UDIAT and BUSI with breast tumor ultrasound images. Two independent groups of experiments are performed on two respective datasets using the fivefold stratified cross‐validation strategy. Finally, we conduct ablation experiments on two datasets, in which BUSI is used as the training set and UDIAT is used as the testing set.ResultsWe conduct detailed ablation experiments about the proposed two modules and comparative experiments with other existing representative methods. The experimental results show that the proposed method yields state‐of‐the‐art performance on both two datasets. Especially, in the UDIAT dataset, the proposed FMRNet achieves a high accuracy of 0.945 and a specificity of 0.945, respectively. Moreover, the precision (PRE = 0.909) even dramatically improves by 21.6% on the BUSI dataset compared with the existing method of the best result.ConclusionThe proposed FMRNet shows good performance in breast tumor classification with US images, and proves its capability of exploiting and fusing the information of multiple tumoral‐regions. Furthermore, the FMRNet has potential value in classifying other types of cancers using multiple tumoral‐regions of other kinds of medical images.
Integrative multi‐omic analysis reveals neurodevelopmental gene dysregulation in CIC‐knockout and IDH1‐mutant cells
Authors: Lee Stephen D , Song Jungeun , LeBlanc Veronique G , Marra Marco A 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCapicua (CIC)'s transcriptional repressor function is implicated in neurodevelopment and in oligodendroglioma (ODG) aetiology. However, CIC's role in these contexts remains obscure, primarily from our currently limited knowledge regarding its biological functions. Moreover, CIC mutations in ODG invariably co‐occur with a neomorphic IDH1/2 mutation, yet the functional relationship between these two genetic events is unknown. Here, we analysed models derived from an E6/E7/hTERT‐immortalized (i.e. p53‐ and RB‐deficient) normal human astrocyte cell line. To examine the consequences of CIC loss, we compared transcriptomic and epigenomic profiles between CIC wild‐type and knockout cell lines, with and without mutant IDH1 expression. Our analyses revealed dysregulation of neurodevelopmental genes in association with CIC loss. CIC ChIP‐seq was also performed to expand upon the currently limited ensemble of known CIC target genes. Among the newly identified direct CIC target genes were EPHA2 and ID1, whose functions are linked to neurodevelopment and the tumourigenicity of in vivo glioma tumour models. NFIA, a known mediator of gliogenesis, was discovered to be uniquely overexpressed in CIC‐knockout cells expressing mutant IDH1‐R132H protein. These results identify neurodevelopment and specific genes within this context as candidate targets through which CIC alterations may contribute to the progression of IDH‐mutant gliomas. © 2021 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Preparation and Characterization of Pour‐Casting Red Phosphorus Smoke Agents with HTPB as Binder
Authors: Yang Tsung‐Mao , Tseng Huan‐Wei , Li Jin‐Shuh , Lu Kai‐Tai , Ku Hung‐Chih , Lin Ta‐Wei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe main aim of this study is to develop the vacuum pour‐casting process of the red phosphorus smoke agents. The typical composition of MK 58 marine location marker prepared by tamp‐casting process is red phosphorus (RP)/magnesium (Mg)/manganese dioxide (MnO2)/zinc oxide (ZnO)/epoxy resin (ER), which was selected as the original formula. Epoxy resin (ER) was replaced by hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) as the binder. First of all, simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry‐thermogravimetric analysis (STA DSC‐TGA) and vacuum stability tester (VST) were used to analyze the thermochemical characteristics, stability and chemical compatibility of the formula. Afterwards, Taguchi's experimental design method was used to design nine experimental conditions by way of orthogonal array with four control factors and three levels, and the scaled‐down smoke pellets were prepared using the vacuum pour‐casting method. The combustion phenomenon of these smoke pellets was recorded by the visual‐image capture system, and the flame temperature was measured by the temperature measurement system. The burning rate was chosen as the quality characteristic to analyze the optimal parameter combination of minimum burning rate. In addition, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM‐EDS), tensile testing machine (TTM) and hardness tester (HT) were employed to observe the uniformity of the composition distribution in the pellet and to measure the mechanical strength and hardness of the pellets. Smoke density test chamber (SDTC) was used to measure the specific optical density of smoke generated by RP smoke agent. Finally, the operating conditions of the optimal parameter combination determined by Taguchi method were used to prepare the full‐size smoke candle, and its burning performance was verified and the feasibility of the vacuum pour‐casting technology was evaluated. The experimental results indicated that the optimal combination of parameters was the RP mixture/HTPB mass ratio of 84 : 16, the NCO/OH ratio of IPDI to HTPB (R value) of 1.6, the additional DOA of 4.5 wt % and the curing temperature of 50 °C. The prepared scaled‐down smoke pellets had good stability, chemical compatibility, hardness, mechanical properties and burning smoke density. In addition, the burning time and performance of the full‐size smoke candles prepared by vacuum pour‐casting technology also met the requirements.
EFAMIX, a tool to decompose inline chromatography SAXS data from partially overlapping components
Authors: Konarev Petr V. , Graewert Melissa A. , Jeffries Cy M. , Fukuda Masakazu , Cheremnykh Taisiia A. , Volkov Vladimir V. , Svergun Dmitri I. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSmall‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) is an established technique for structural analysis of biological macromolecules in solution. During the last decade, inline chromatography setups coupling SAXS with size exclusion (SEC‐SAXS) or ion exchange (IEC‐SAXS) have become popular in the community. These setups allow one to separate individual components in the sample and to record SAXS data from isolated fractions, which is extremely important for subsequent data interpretation, analysis, and structural modeling. However, in case of partially overlapping elution peaks, inline chromatography SAXS may still yield scattering profiles from mixtures of components. The deconvolution of these scattering data into the individual fractions is nontrivial and potentially ambiguous. We describe a cross‐platform computer program, EFAMIX, for restoring the scattering and concentration profiles of the components based on the evolving factor analysis (EFA). The efficiency of the program is demonstrated in a number of simulated and experimental SEC‐SAXS data sets. Sensitivity and limitations of the method are explored, and its applicability to IEC‐SAXS data is discussed. EFAMIX requires minimal user intervention and is available to academic users through the program package ATSAS as from release 3.1.
Deprived social status is associated with decreased use of oral chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: A retrospective cohort study on administrative databases in a French University Hospital
Authors: Gautier Gwendoline , Lucas Mélodie , Vermeulin Thomas , Di Fiore Frederic , Merle Veronique 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFactors associated with the choice of oral versus intravenous CT are not clearly established. Our purpose was to evaluate the influence of social status and home distance to hospital on the use of oral CT in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). This retrospective single‐center study included mCRC patients between 2011 and 2017. Patient social status was assessed by European Deprivation Index (EDI) and home distance to the hospital was calculated. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. One hundred and seventy‐five mCRC patients were included, with 71 receiving oral CT. Most deprived patients received less oral CT (OR 0.5 [0.26, 0.96], p = .039). No association was found for road distance. Previous use of adjuvant oral CT was associated with oral CT in mCRC (OR 2.65 [1.06, 6.66], p = .038). Our results suggest that deprived social status is a factor associated with decreased use of oral CT in patients with mCRC.Clinical trial registration: no registration.
A multi‐image monitoring framework for statistical process control to improve manufacturing systems
Authors: Chen Shengfeng , Wells Lee 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMachine vision system has been widely used for detecting surface defects in a manufacturing process. This paper proposes a new framework for image monitoring with control charts that aims to improve the overall performance in detecting a variety of surface‐related process shifts. Specifically, multiple images of the same object are acquired under different capturing parameters. To illustrate this framework, this paper considers two multi‐image control chart approaches: (1) fusing multiple images together with multilinear principal component analysis and monitoring with a single‐image control chart and (2) using a combined single‐image control chart. A two‐image simulation study, based upon real cross‐correlated images, is accomplished to compare the performances of these two multi‐image control chart approaches to a traditional single‐image control charts. The results indicate that multi‐image control charts outperform single‐image control charts when multiple shifts are considered. Another two‐image simulation study investigates the effect of cross‐correlations to multi‐image control charts’ performances. This study indicates that the two multi‐image control charts have similar performances at low cross‐correlation but the fused‐image control chart outperforms the combined single‐image control chart at high cross‐correlation. In addition, a case study with real images is conducted to demonstrate the proposed multi‐image monitoring framework's ability in detecting shifts.
Robust adaptive fault‐tolerant control using RBF‐based neural network for a rigid‐flexible robotic system with unknown control direction
Authors: Wang Haoping , Zhou Xingyu , Tian Yang 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this article, a radial basis function (RBF)‐based robust adaptive fault‐tolerant control (FTC) is developed for a class of rigid‐flexible robotic systems under actuator failures, unknown control direction, and uncertain external disturbances. The dynamics of the rigid‐flexible robotic over a vertical plane is governed by the hybrid ordinary differential equations–partial differential equations. The uncertain external disturbance is estimated via an RBF neural network. Meanwhile, the robust adaptive FTC law is utilized to follow the given joint angular and attenuate the vibration of the flexible structure in the case of actuator failures and unknown distributed disturbances. To handle the unknown control direction, the Nussbaum function is employed to robust FTC laws. By virtue of the Lyapunov direct approach, the trajectory tracking and vibration elimination for the controlled rigid‐flexible robotic system are proved and uniformly bounded in face of bounded external disturbances and unknown control directions. The efficacy of the developed control strategy is also illustrated via four comparison examples.
Quasirandom Latin squares
Authors: Cooper Jacob W. , Král' Daniel , Lamaison Ander , Mohr Samuel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe prove a conjecture by Garbe et al. [arXiv:2010.07854] by showing that a Latin square is quasirandom if and only if the density of every pattern is . This result is the best possible in the sense that cannot be replaced with or for any n.
Adolescent effects on mothers' bedtime cortisol: Cognitive interference as a mediating mechanism
Authors: Lippold Melissa A. , Molenaar Peter , Chandler Kelly D. , Lee Soomi , Almeida David M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPrior studies have shown that parent and adolescent cortisol are associated across days and that this covariation may be adolescent‐driven. This study extends this literature by (a) testing whether parents' cognitive interference (i.e., distracting and ruminative thoughts potentially due to worry) mediates the linkages between adolescent and next‐day parent cortisol and (b) whether these linkages were moderated by parent gender or warmth. Daily diary data, including bedtime cortisol, were collected on two samples of employees and their adolescent‐aged children (N = 318 dyads, Myouth age = 13.18 years, 74% mothers). We tested mediation with autoregressive cross‐lagged models. Moderated mediation by parent gender was found in our bedtime cortisol models. Higher adolescent bedtime cortisol levels were associated with higher next‐day levels of mothers' cognitive interference. In turn, higher levels of mothers' cognitive interference were linked to higher mothers' same‐day bedtime cortisol levels. These linkages were not significant for fathers. Cognitive interference did not mediate the associations between child and parent area under the curve or cortisol awakening response. No moderation was evident for parental warmth. Results suggest that mothers' cognitions play a key role in the transmission of elevated bedtime cortisol levels from adolescents to their mothers.
Unpacking the “O” in VRIO: The role of workflow interdependence in the loss and replacement of strategic human capital
Authors: Kim Jongsoo , Makadok Richard 
Published: November 2021

AbstractResearch Summary: An underresearched and undertheorized factor in the resource‐based view's VRIO acronym is the “O”: organizational deployment. Exploiting a rule change that exogenously shifted the workflow interdependence of NBA basketball teams, we examine how the benefit provided by a resource depends upon the way it is deployed in an organization's workflow. We also examine how workflow interdependence influences the relative effectiveness of two capabilities for obtaining resources—external acquisition versus internal development. We find that losing star players is more damaging under conditions of greater pooled interdependence and that external acquisition capabilities are more effective for mitigating this damage. Conversely, we find that losing non‐star players is more damaging under conditions of greater reciprocal interdependence and that internal development capabilities are more effective for mitigating this damage.Managerial Summary: Different organizations arrange their workflows in different ways. Some organizations use more individual‐focused workflows, where the performance of each employee is relatively independent of the performance of coworkers, while others use more team‐focused workflows, where the performance of each employee depends critically on the performance of coworkers. Does an organization's way of arranging its workflow affect the amount of damage done when a key employee quits? Does the answer depend upon whether the departing employee is a star performer? Does it depend upon the organization's capability for recruiting high‐potential replacements from other organizations, or its capability for improving the performance of its existing employees? By analyzing data from NBA basketball teams, we find that the loss of a star player is more damaging when teams use a more individual‐focused workflow, but that capability for recruiting high‐potential players mitigates this damage. Conversely, we also find that the loss of a non‑star player is more damaging when teams use a more team‐focused workflow, but that capability for improving performance of a team's existing players mitigates this damage. So, our results suggest that organizations should develop capabilities that fit their workflow and their relative risk of losing star employees versus non‑stars.
Spatial Separation of Photogenerated Charges on Well‐Defined Bismuth Vanadate Square Nanocrystals
Authors: Deng Yuting , Zhou Hongpeng , Zhao Yue , Yang Bin , Shi Ming , Tao Xiaoping , Yang Songqiu , Li Rengui , Li Can 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCrystal facet engineering has been recognized as a powerful strategy to finely modulate the charge separation behavior in semiconductor photocatalysis; however, disclosing the intrinsic roles that the morphologies and crystal facets play on photogenerated charge separation of semiconductor nanocrystals remains elusive. Herein, exemplified on the typical visible‐light‐responsive photocatalyst bismuth vanadate (BiVO4), for the first time, the successful fabrication is reported of well‐defined BiVO4square nanocrystals with precisely controllable (040)/(200) facet proportion, which undergo a dissolution‐recrystallization‐facet growth process accompanied with tetragonal to monoclinic phase transition. Spatial separation of photogenerated electrons and holes has been evidently demonstrated to take place between (040) and (200) facets of BiVO4nanocrystals, on which the charge separation efficiency is verified to definitely depend on the facet proportion of (040)/(200). Further theoretical simulation reveals that the matching degree of charge collection length and crystal configuration is considered to be the major factor determining charge separation efficiency of BiVO4nanocrystals. This study presents a strategy to fabricate morphology‐tailored semiconductors, which will be favorable to advance the understanding of spatial charge separation in semiconductor photocatalysis.
Engineering Multidefects on CexSi1−xO2−δ Nanocomposites for the Catalytic Ozonation Reaction
Authors: Esmailpour Ali Asghar , Horlyck Jonathan , Kumar Priyank , Tsounis Constantine , Yun Jimmy , Amal Rose , Scott Jason 
Published: November 2021

AbstractHerein, it is shown that by engineering defects on CexSi1−xO2−δ nanocomposites synthesized via flame spray pyrolysis, oxygen vacancies can be created with an increased density of trapped electrons, enhancing the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROSs) and hydroxyl radicals in an ozone‐filled environment. Spectroscopic analysis and density functional theory calculations indicate that two‐electron oxygen vacancies (OV0) or peroxide species, and their degree of clustering, play a critical role in forming reactive radicals. It is also found that a higher Si content in the binary oxide imposes a high OV0 ratio and, consequently, higher catalytic activity. Si inclusion in the nanocomposite appears to stabilize the surface oxygen vacancies as well as increase the reactive electron density at these sites. A mechanistic study on effective ROSs generated during catalytic ozonation reveals that the hydroxyl radical is the most effective ROS for organic degradation and is formed primarily through H2O2 generation in the presence of the OV0. Examining the binary oxides offers insights on the contribution of oxygen vacancies and their state of charge to catalytic reactions, in this instance for the catalytic ozonation of organic compounds.
Co‐Assembly of Biosynthetic Chiral Nematic Adhesive Materials with Dynamic Polarized Luminescence
Authors: Kim Minkyu , Lee Hansol , Snipes Randall T. , Han Moon Jong , Tsukruk Vladimir V. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThere is currently an extensive demand for simple and effective synthetic methods to allow the design and fabrication of robust and flexible chiral materials that can generate strong and switchable circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). Herein, biosynthetic light‐emitting adhesive materials based upon chiral nematic cellulose nanocrystal–polyelectrolyte complexes with universal high adhesion on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates are reported. Strong and dynamic photoluminescence with highly asymmetric and switchable circular polarization is induced by minute rare earth europium doping without compromising adhesive strength and initial iridescent properties. The photoluminescence can be temporarily quenched with highly volatile acetone vapor and liquid followed by fast recovery after drying with full restoration of initial emission. The unique properties of light‐emitting bio‐adhesives with universal adhesion, amplified and dynamic photoluminescence, and large and switchable CPL can be utilized for security optical coding, bio‐optical memory, hidden communication, and biochemical sensing as wearable stickers, prints, and tattoos to directly adhere to human clothes, gadgets, and skin by using adhesive stickers with bright tailored photoluminescence.
Eingerastert: das dritte Leben der Schule Auen in Frauenfeld – Sanierung und Erweiterung eines Schulensembles aus den 1960er‐Jahren
Authors: Wehrle Manuel , Pauli Jacqueline , Fiebrandt Katja 
Published: November 2021

AbstractDie Sanierung und Erweiterung der Schulanlage Auen in Frauenfeld, einem exemplarischen Werk der Solothurner Schule der Architekten Barth und Zaugg aus den 1960er‐Jahren und im Hinweisinventar der Denkmalpflege des Kantons Thurgau als „bemerkenswert nach 1959“ geführt, bestärkt das vorgefundene Ensemble und macht dessen ursprüngliche Idee wieder spürbar. Entlang der Mittelachse der Anlage sitzen zwischen den bestehenden Gebäuden drei pavillonartige Neubauten. Diese „dritte Spur“ führt zu einer Verdichtung, in der die ursprüngliche Komposition des Ensembles erhalten bleibt und gleichzeitig gestärkt wird. Die Architektur der Neubauten – Pavillon, Pausendach und Velodach – nimmt die strukturelle Logik der Bestandsgebäude auf. Als offene, in den Freiraum gestellte Pavillons in Stahl treten diese allerdings nicht körperlich, sondern primär als von Stützen getragene Dächer in Erscheinung. Auch um die Verwandtschaft der beiden Neubauten zu betonen, liegt das Stahltragwerk beider Pavillons jeweils außen. Konsequenterweise sind die Stahlstützen aus den Ecken geschoben und machen bei aller Verwandtschaft den gegenüber dem Bestand differenzierten Charakter der Neubauten ablesbar.