bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy Efficiency Optimization in Adaptive Massive MIMO Networks for 5G Applications Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Salah Ibrahim , Mabrook M. Mourad , Rahouma Kamel Hussein , Hussein Aziza I. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Given that the exponential pace of growth in wireless traffic has continued for more than a century, wireless communication is one of the most influential innovations in recent years. Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (M-MIMO) is a promising technology for meeting the world's exponential growth in mobile data traffic, particularly in 5G networks. The most critical metrics in the massive MIMO scheme are Spectral Efficiency (SE) and Energy Efficiency (EE). For single-cell MMIMO uplink transmission, energy and spectral-efficiency trade-offs have to be estimated by optimizing the number of base station antennas versus the number of active users. This paper proposes an adaptive optimization technique focusing on maximizing Energy Efficiency at full spectral efficiency using a Genetic Algorithm (GA) optimizer. The number of active antennas is estimated according to the change in the number of active users based on the proposed GA scheme that optimizes the EE in the M-MIMO system. Simulation results show that the GA optimization technique achieved the maximum energy efficiency of the 5G M-MIMO platform and the maximum efficiency in the trade-off process.
Identification of An Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition-Related lncRNA Prognostic Signature For Patients With Glioblastoma
Authors: Yang XinJie , Niu Sha , Liu JiaQiang , Wu ZeYu , Ling Shizhang , Di GuangFu , Jiang XiaoChun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a class of strikingly heterogeneous and lethal brain tumor with very poor prognosis. LncRNAs play critical roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of GBM through regulation of various cancer-related genes and signaling pathways. Here, we aimed to establish an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related lncRNA signature for GBM and explore its underlying mechanisms. Methods: Differential expression analysis and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to explore key genes and signaling pathways associated with GBM. Spearman correlation analysis, Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to construct a lncRNA prognostic signature for GBM patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis and receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis were applied to assess the performance of the prognostic signature. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed to explore the underlying mechanisms of the signature. Single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) was employed to explore the relationship of the signature and immune activities in GBM.Results: We focused on the essential role of EMT in GBM and identified 78 upregulated EMT-related genes in GBM. A total of 301 EMT-related lncRNAs were confirmed in GBM and a prognostic signature consisting of seven EMT-related lncRNAs (AC012615.1, H19, LINC00609, LINC00634, POM121L9P, SNHG11, and USP32P3) was established, which could divide GBM patients into low- and high-risk subgroups. The accuracy and efficiency of the signature were validated to be satisfactory. Functional enrichment analysis revealed multiple EMT and metastasis-related pathways were associated with the EMT-related lncRNA prognostic signature. In addition, we found the degree of immune cell infiltration and immune responses were significantly increased in high-risk subgroup compared with low-risk subgroup. Conclusion: we established an effective and robust EMT-related lncRNA signature which is expected to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy response for GBM patients.
Shone’s Complex and Aortic Dissection: Case Report and Review of a Rare, Underdiagnosed Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Sinfield Steven , Ranasinghe Sachini , Wang Stephani , Mendoza Fernando , Khoynezhad Ali 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackGround Shone’s complex is a rare congenital heart disease consisting of a variety of left ventricular inflow and outflow tract lesions. Patients typically present in childhood and require early surgical intervention. However, with improved surgical techniques these patients are surviving later into adulthood which comes with a new set of medical complications providers need to be aware of. Case Presentation We present a case of a patient with a complex cardiac history including an incomplete Shone’s complex diagnosed in childhood with multiple surgical interventions who presents with persistent symptomatic atrial flutter and a type A aortic dissection in the setting of severe patient prosthesis mismatch. The patient was being followed outpatient for an enlarging chronic aortic aneurysm and was non-compliant with his medications when he presented with sharp chest pain radiating to his back. He was found to have an acute type A aortic dissection and was taken emergently to the operating room for a skirted Bentall procedure, aortic valve replacement, and right sided MAZE. Conclusions Shone’s complex is a rare congenital heart disease associated with significant morbidities in adulthood, such as atrial flutter, patient prosthesis mismatch, and aortic dissection. As patients continue to live longer into adulthood with this disease, it is important to raise awareness of this rare syndrome for providers and highlight its potential complications. Further research is needed to determine appropriate guidelines for when to intervene on aortopathy-associated CHD.
Effect of Thoracic Duct Ligation During VATS Esophagectomy On T Cell Subset and DFS in Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients With T1b-3N0M0 Stage
Authors: Yang Ruifeng , Zhang Yan , Li Xiao-mei , Sun Ya-chen , Zhang Run-qi , Wang Peng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective: To study whether the ligation of thoracic duct during video-assisted thoracic surgery esophagectomy will cause damage to the immune system, thus affecting the disease-free survival(DFS) of patients with cT1b-3N0M0 stage. Methods: We studied the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma confirmed by endoscopic ultrasound biopsy and PET-CT. They were randomly divided into thoracic duct ligation group and non ligation group. In addition to thoracoscopic resection of esophageal cancer, thoracic duct ligation was also performed in the experimental group. The peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets were detected by flow cytometry during perioperation. All patients were reexamined regularly after operation in order to find recurrence or metastasis early. The Chi-square test and t-test were employed for statistical analysis with statistical significance at p<0.05.The effect of thoracic duct ligation on DFS curves were calculated by the Kaplan–Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. A Cox regression model with stepwise selection was used for the multivariate analyses.Result: After early screening and late exclusion, a total of 67 patients entered the study and completed the follow-up. There was no significant difference in gender, age, tumor location, depth of invasion, degree of differentiation and presence of tumor thrombus between the ligation group (32 cases) and the non ligation group (35 cases). There was no significant difference in T lymphocyte subsets before and 3 weeks after operation, but there was significant difference on the 1st days after operation. Cox regression analysis showed that depth of invasion (P= 0.0020), degree of differentiation (P= 0.0262), presence of tumor thrombus (P = 0.0158) and thoracic duct ligation (P= 0.0036) were independent factors affecting DFS.Conclusion: Thoracic duct ligation can affect the short-term immune function after thoracoscopic esophagectomy in squamous cell carcinoma patients with pT1b-3N0M0 stage, and the thoracic duct ligation, depth of invasion, degree of differentiation and presence of tumor thrombus are independent factors affecting DFS. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-IOR-17010437 . Registered 15 January 2017, https://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=17254&htm=4
Comparison of Valveplasty and Replacement for Surgical Treatment of Infective Tricuspid Valve Endocarditis
Authors: Linfeng Xie , Xiaodong Chen , Jian He , Sixian Lin , Xingfeng Chen , Qingsong Wu , Ling Chen , Jingxiang Zhuang , Zhihuang Qiu , Chen Liangwan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
In recent years, due to the increase in intravenous drug injection and intracardiac and vascular interventional treatments among drug users, infective endocarditis involving the right heart of the tricuspid valve has gradually increased.At present, there is no systematic report on surgical treatment of tricuspid infective endocarditis. This paper summarizes the experience of surgical treatment of 56 patients with tricuspid infective endocarditis in our hospital and analyzes its clinical effect.
Methods
From January 2006 to August 2019, 56 cases of tricuspid infective endocarditis treated by tricuspid valve surgery in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.including 23 cases of tricuspid valvuloplasty (TVP) and 33 cases of tricuspid valve replacement (TVR). All patients were complicated with tricuspid valve vegetations or moderate and severe tricuspid regurgitation and had surgical indications.The perioperative data were collected and followed up for 6 months to 14 years to summarize and analyze the clinical effect of surgical treatment of tricuspid infective endocarditis.
Results
Compared with TVR group, the CPB time (79.68 ± 19.02min VS 107.39 ± 25.64min, P < 0.01), ACC time (50.29 ± 16.14min VS 65.52 ± 20.62min, P < 0.01), postoperative mechanical ventilation time (18.65 ± 8.18h VS 44.85 ± 57.68h, P < 0.01) and ICU stay time (38.13 ± 21.80h VS 102.64 ± 142.11h, P = 0.015) in TVP group were shorter. The perioperative red blood cell transfusion (4.87 ± 3.81U VS 7.55 ± 5.42U, P < 0.01) and the incidence of postoperative complications (8.7% VS 33.3%, P < 0.01) were lower.Perioperative death occurred in 1 case in the TVR group, and there was no perioperative death in the TVP group, There was no significant difference between the two groups(3.03% VS 0, P = 0.855). A total of 52 cases were followed up for an average of (5.50 ± 3.79) years.The postoperative 3-year, 5-year and 7-year survival rate were 100%,100%,91.7% in TVP group and 95.2%, 93.8% and 87.5%.The 5-year and 10-year reoperation rate were 0%, 0% in TVP group and 6.7%, 20% in TVR group.
Conclusion
Surgical treatment of severe tricuspid valve endocarditis has achieved good mid-term clinical results, and the rate of avoiding reoperation is better in TVP group than in TVR group.
Absorbance or Organization into Ankylosis: A Microarray Analysis of Haemarthrosis in a Sheep Model of Temporomandibular Joint Trauma
Authors: Jiao Mai-Ning , Zhang Tong-Mei , Yang Kun , Xu Zhao-Yuan , Zhang Guan-Meng , Tian Yuan-Yuan , Liu Hao , Yan Ying-Bin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Traumatic haemarthrosis was hypothesized to be the etiology of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis. Here, taking haematoma absorbance as a control, we aimed to reveal the molecular mechanisms involved in haematoma organizing into ankylosis using transcriptome microarray profiles.Material/Methods: Disk removal was performed to building haematoma absorbance (HA) in one side of TMJ, while removal of disk and articular fibrous layers was performed to induced TMJ ankylosis through haematoma organization (HO) in the contralateral side in a sheep model. Haematoma tissues harvested at days 1, 4 and 7 postoperatively were examined by histology, and analyzed by Affymetrix OviGene-1_0-ST microarrays. The DAVID were recruited to perform the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis for the different expression genes (DEGs). The DEGs were also typed into protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks to get the interaction data. Six significant genes screened from PPI analysis, were confirmed by real-time PCR.Results: We found 268, 223 and 17 DEGs at least 2-fold at days 1, 4 and 7, respectively. At day 1, genes promoting collagen ossification (POSTN, BGN, LUM, SPARC), cell proliferation (TGF-β), and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (BMP-2) were up-regulated in the HO side. At day 4, several genes involved in angiogenesis (KDR, FIT1, TEK) shower higher expression in the HO side. While HA was characterized by a continuous immune and inflammatory reaction.Conclusions: Our results provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of haematoma in the onset and progress of TMJ ankylosis. Further study of key genes may provide new ideas for future treatment of the disease.
What Are The Strategies for Implementing Primary Care Models in Maternity? A Systematic Review On Midwifery Units
Authors: Batinelli Laura , Thaels Ellen , Leister Nathalie , McCourt Christine , Bonciani Manila , Rocca-Ihenacho Lucia 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Midwifery Units (MUs) are associated with optimal perinatal outcomes, improved service users’ and professionals’ satisfaction as well as being the most cost-effectiveness option. However, they still do not represent the mainstream option of maternity care in many countries (1, 2). Understanding effective strategies to integrate this model of care into maternity services could support and inform the MU implementation process that many countries and regions still need to approach.
Methods
A systematic search and screening of qualitative research about implementation of new MUs was conducted (Prospero protocol reference: CRD42019141443) using PRISMA guidelines (3). Included articles were appraised using the CASP checklist (4). A meta-synthesis approach to analysis was used (5). No exclusion criteria for time or context were applied to ensure inclusion of different implementation attempts even under different historical and social circumstances. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to reflect the major contribution of higher quality studies.
Results
From 1037 initial citations, twelve studies were identified for inclusion in this review after a screening process. The synthesis highlighted two broad categories: drivers to open the new MUs and barriers or facilitators to the MU implementation. The latter category included eight key themes: “culture and perceptions”, “healthcare system”, “midwives’ identity and role”, “knowledge, skills and training”, “leadership”, “collaborative approach”, “integration” and “environment”. A logic model was created to explain the role of each during the implementation process.
Conclusions
the studies selected were from a range of settings and time periods and used varying strategies. Nonetheless, consistencies were found across different implementation processes. These findings can be used in the systematic scaling up of MUs and can help addressing barriers at system, service and individual levels. All three levels need to be addressed when implementing this model of care.
Factors Associated With Willingness To Join a Health Insurance Scheme Among Females in Uganda
Authors: Candia Douglas Andabati 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background

Access to quality and affordable health services is a fundamental human right. Therefore, there is a need for more reliable, affordable, and sustainable approaches to financing health services. This study sought to identify factors associated with willingness to join a health insurance scheme among females in Uganda.
Methods

The assessment was done using a logistic regression model and secondary data from the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey.
Results

The majority of females were willing to join health insurance schemes (85.28%). The willingness to join health insurance schemes increased among females with primary or secondary education as well as among females who used the internet less than once a week or almost every day.
Conclusion

There is a need for government to increase literacy among women since it will have an implication on their understanding of health insurance information and subsequently influence their willingness to join and pay. There is a need for the government of Uganda to revise the tax on the internet and internet-enabled devices to increase affordability and access to the internet which provides a cheaper and faster way to disseminate health-related information.
Postpartum Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction with Cortical Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and　Posterior　Reversible　Encephalopathy Syndrome Concomitant with Vertebral Artery Dissection Diagnosed by MRI MSDE Method; A Case Report and Review of Literature.
Authors: Sano Kenshi , Kuge Atsushi , Kondo Rei , Yamaki Tetsu , Homma Hiroshi , Saito Shinjiro , Sonoda Yukihiko 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Headache is one of the most common symptoms that are encountered in the postpartum period. We experienced a rare case of multiple phenomena of postpartum stroke occurred at the same time. Case: A 38-year-old woman experienced sudden onset of thunderclap headache after delivery. We diagnosed cervicocephalic arterial dissection (CAD), and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) and reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) with cortical subarachnoid hemorrhage on the basis of clinical course and neuroradiological findings. Conclusion: Our case was rare in that multiple phenomena of postpartum stroke occurred at the same time. What is remarkable about this case was the confirmation of the reversibility of these pathological conditions through multifaceted evaluations, including the MRI motion-sensitized driven equilibrium 3D turbo spin echo (MSDE) sequencing method.
WITHDRAWN: A Parametric Analysis of Femoral Stem Impaction
Authors: Bishop Nicholas E , Wright Phil , Preutenborbeck Martin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPress-fitted implants are implanted by impaction to ensure adequate seating, but without overloading the components, the surgeon, or the patient. To understand this interrelationship a uniaxial discretised model of the hammer/introducer/implant/bone/soft-tissues was developed. A parametric analysis of applied energy, component materials and geometry, and interaction between implant-bone and bone-soft-tissue was performed, with implant seating and component stresses as outcome variables. ResultsTo reduce stresses without compromising seating, the following outcomes were observed: Less energy per hit with more hits / Increase hammer mass / Decrease introducer mass / Increase implant-bone resistance (eg stem roughness). Material stiffness and patient mechanics were found to be less important.ConclusionsThis simple model provides a basic understanding of how stress waves travel through the impacted system, and an understanding of their relevance to component design.
Development and Selection of Integrative Measurement Descriptors: Application for Investigating Physical Properties of Biopolymers in Hairs
Authors: Takamura Ayari , Tsukamoto Kaede , Sakata Kenji , Kikuchi Jun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Integrative measurement analysis of complex subjects, such as polymers is a major challenge to obtain comprehensive understanding of the properties. In this study, we describe analytical strategies to extract and selectively associate compositional information measured by multiple analytical techniques, aiming to reveal their relationships with physical properties of biopolymers derived from hair. Hair samples were analyzed by multiple techniques, including solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), time-domain NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis. The measured data were processed by different processing techniques, such as spectral differentiation and deconvolution, and then converted into a variety of “measurement descriptors” with different compositional information. The descriptors were associated with the mechanical properties of hair by constructing prediction models using machine learning algorithms. Herein, the stepwise model refinement based on importance evaluation identified the most contributive descriptors, which provided an integrative interpretation about the compositional factors, such as a-helix keratins in cortex; and bounded water and thermal resistant components in cuticle. These results demonstrated the efficacy of the present strategy to generate and select descriptors from manifold measured data for investigating the nature of sophisticated subjects, such as hair.
Bioinformatics Analysis Predicts ceRNA Regulatory Axes Related to Melanoma Pathogenesis
Authors: Liu Lina , Yang Feng , Lei Saiyun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background Melanoma is a highly malignant skin tumour, with an incidence and mortality rates accounting for approximately 5% and >75% of all tumours, respectively. In the present study, we aimed to screen mRNAs, microRNAs, and circRNAs related to the pathogenesis of melanoma via bioinformatics methods. Materials and methods The microarray data correlating with melanoma were obtained from the GEO database, and the differentially expressed genes between melanomatissues and non-melanoma tissues were screened using GEO2R. Moreover, the Hub genes were screened using the STRING database, Cytoscape software, and GEPIA database. The DAVID database was used for gene enrichment analysis. Thereafter, the ceRNA network diagram was constructed using the starBase database and was analysed for survival in order to predict the molecular markers for diagnosis and treatment of skin cutaneous melanoma; the most probable ceRNA mechanism was screened via pan-cancer analysis. Furthermore, the ceRNA network was verified using the GEPIA and UALCAN databases. Results In total, 266, 20, and 10 differentially expressed mRNAs, microRNAs, and circRNA10 were screened. Using Cytoscape software, 59 Hub and 31 key genes were screened, followed by construction of the ceRNA and ceRNA-gene enrichment analysis networks. Conclusion Clinical verification revealed that SIPA1L1 could regulate the expression of DSC3 by sponge adsorption of has-miR-106b and has-miR-20b, and thereby affect the pathogenesis and progression of skin cutaneous melanoma.
Computed Tomography-Guided Lung Biopsy for Molecular Tests: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Jian-Hua , Xia Feng-Fei , Yang Xiao-Shan , Shi Yi-Bing , Fu Yu-Fei , Li Yu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the potential clinical effectiveness of computed tomography (CT)-guided lung biopsy in the molecular tests.
Materials and Methods
We searched the related studies from the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library until July 2021. The endpoints included adequacy rates for molecular tests, positive rates of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) translocation, and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutations.
Results
Initially, we were able to identify 1783 potentially relevant studies among which, only 12 were ultimately included in the present meta-analysis. All the studies were retrospective in nature. A total of 2559 patients underwent CT-guided lung biopsy and 1414 of them received molecular testing. We found that pooled adequacy rate for molecular tests, positive rate of EGFR mutations, and positive rate of ALK translocation were 95% (95% CI: 0.93–0.98), 49% (95% CI: 0.42–0.56), and 7% (95% CI: 0.04–0.09), respectively. Moreover, only 1 article reported the positive rate of KRAS mutation of 6% but a significant heterogeneity was detected in the endpoints of adequacy rate for molecular tests (I2 = 86.2%, P < 0.001) and positive rate of EGFR mutations (I2 = 77.7%, P < 0.001). While conducting a meta-regression analysis, we did not identify any variables that could significantly influence adequacy rate for molecular tests and positive rate of EGFR mutations. A high risk of publication bias was also found in the endpoint of adequacy rate for molecular tests (Egger test: P = 0.043).
Conclusions
CT-guided lung biopsy can serve as an effective method to provide sufficient lung cancer samples for molecular testing. EGFR gene was found to be the most frequently mutated during the analysis.