bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the National Tuberculosis Surveillance System in Sana’a, Yemen, 2018: Observational Study
Authors: Al kalali Fadwa Salem Ahmed , Mahyoub Essam , Al-Hammadi Abdulbary , Anam Labiba , Khader Yousef 
Published: August 2021

Background
Tuberculosis remains a public problem that is considered one of the top causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The National Tuberculosis Control Program in Yemen was established in 1970 and included in the national health policy under the leadership of the Ministry of Public Health and Population to monitor tuberculosis control. The surveillance system must be evaluated periodically to produce recommendations for improving performance and usefulness.

Objective
This study aims to assess the usefulness and the performance of the tuberculosis surveillance system attributes and to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the system.

Methods
A quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the national tuberculosis surveillance system was conducted using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s updated guidelines. The study was carried out in 10 districts in Sana’a City. A total of 28 public health facilities providing tuberculosis services for the whole population in their assigned catchment areas were purposively selected. All participants were interviewed based on their involvement with key aspects of tuberculosis surveillance activities.

Results
The tuberculosis surveillance system was found to have an average performance in usefulness (57/80, 71%), flexibility (30/40, 75%), acceptability (174/264, 66%), data quality (4/6, 67%), and positive predictive value (78/107, 73%), and poor performance in simplicity (863/1452, 59%) and stability (15%, 3/20). In addition, the system also had a good performance in sensitivity (78/81, 96%).

Conclusions
The tuberculosis surveillance system was found to be useful. The flexibility, positive predictive value, and data quality were average. Stability and simplicity were poor. The sensitivity was good. The main weaknesses in the tuberculosis surveillance system include a lack of governmental financial support, a paper-based system, and a lack of regular staff training. Developing an electronic system, securing governmental finances, and training the staff on tuberculosis surveillance are strongly recommended to improve the system performance.
Studies of Depression and Anxiety Using Reddit as a Data Source: Scoping Review
Authors: Boettcher Nick 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundThe study of depression and anxiety using publicly available social media data is a research activity that has grown considerably over the past decade. The discussion platform Reddit has become a popular social media data source in this nascent area of study, in part because of the unique ways in which the platform is facilitative of research. To date, no work has been done to synthesize existing studies on depression and anxiety using Reddit.ObjectiveThe objective of this review is to understand the scope and nature of research using Reddit as a primary data source for studying depression and anxiety.MethodsA scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O’Malley framework. MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Scopus, ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, and ACM academic databases were searched. Inclusion criteria were developed using the participants, concept, and context framework outlined by the Joanna Briggs Institute Scoping Review Methodology Group. Eligible studies featured an analytic focus on depression or anxiety and used naturalistic written expressions from Reddit users as a primary data source.ResultsA total of 54 studies were included in the review. Tables and corresponding analyses delineate the key methodological features, including a comparatively larger focus on depression versus anxiety, an even split of original and premade data sets, a widespread analytic focus on classifying the mental health states of Reddit users, and practical implications that often recommend new methods of professionally delivered monitoring and outreach for Reddit users.ConclusionsStudies of depression and anxiety using Reddit data are currently driven by a prevailing methodology that favors a technical, solution-based orientation. Researchers interested in advancing this research area will benefit from further consideration of conceptual issues surrounding the interpretation of Reddit data with the medical model of mental health. Further efforts are also needed to locate accountability and autonomy within practice implications, suggesting new forms of engagement with Reddit users.
Function and Emotion in Everyday Life With Type 1 Diabetes (FEEL-T1D): Protocol for a Fully Remote Intensive Longitudinal Study
Authors: Pyatak Elizabeth Ann , Hernandez Raymond , Pham Loree T , Mehdiyeva Khatira , Schneider Stefan , Peters Anne , Ruelas Valerie , Crandall Jill , Lee Pey-Jiuan , Jin Haomiao , Hoogendoorn Claire J , Crespo-Ramos Gladys , Mendez-Rodriguez Heidy , Harmel Mark , Walker Martha , Serafin-Dokhan Sara , Gonzalez Jeffrey S , Spruijt-Metz Donna 
Published: August 2021

Background
Although short-term blood glucose levels and variability are thought to underlie diminished function and emotional well-being in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D), these relationships are poorly understood. The Function and Emotion in Everyday Life with T1D (FEEL-T1D) study focuses on investigating these short-term dynamic relationships among blood glucose levels, functional ability, and emotional well-being in adults with T1D.

Objective
The aim of this study is to present the FEEL-T1D study design, methods, and study progress to date, including adaptations necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic to implement the study fully remotely.

Methods
The FEEL-T1D study will recruit 200 adults with T1D in the age range of 18-75 years. Data collection includes a comprehensive survey battery, along with 14 days of intensive longitudinal data using blinded continuous glucose monitoring, ecological momentary assessments, ambulatory cognitive tasks, and accelerometers. All study procedures are conducted remotely by mailing the study equipment and by using videoconferencing for study visits.

Results
The study received institutional review board approval in January 2019 and was funded in April 2019. Data collection began in June 2020 and is projected to end in December 2021. As of June 2021, after 12 months of recruitment, 124 participants have enrolled in the FEEL-T1D study. Approximately 87.6% (7082/8087) of ecological momentary assessment surveys have been completed with minimal missing data, and 82.0% (82/100) of the participants provided concurrent continuous glucose monitoring data, ecological momentary assessment data, and accelerometer data for at least 10 of the 14 days of data collection.

Conclusions
Thus far, our reconfiguration of the FEEL-T1D protocol to be implemented remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic has been a success. The FEEL-T1D study will elucidate the dynamic relationships among blood glucose levels, emotional well-being, cognitive function, and participation in daily activities. In doing so, it will pave the way for innovative just-in-time interventions and produce actionable insights to facilitate tailoring of diabetes treatments to optimize the function and well-being of individuals with T1D.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/30901
Surgery With Arterial Resection for Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Rebelo Artur , Ukkat Jörg , Klose Johannes , Ronellenfitsch Ulrich , Kleeff Jörg 
Published: August 2021

Background
In light of recent advances in multimodality treatment, an analysis of vascular resection outcomes in surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma is lacking.

Objective
The aim of this meta-analysis is to summarize the currently available evidence on outcomes of patients undergoing arterial resection for the treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma.

Methods
A systematic literature search in the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL, and the trial registries ClinicalTrials.gov and the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform will be carried out. Predefined outcomes are mortality (100-day and in-hospital), morbidity (Clavien-Dindo classification, any type of complication), vascular complications (thrombosis or stenosis of the portal vein or hepatic artery, pseudoaneurysms), liver failure, postoperative bleeding, duration of surgery, reoperation rate, length of hospital stay, survival time, actuarial survival (2-, 3-, and 5-year survival), complete/incomplete resection rates, histologic arterial invasion, and lymph node positivity (number of positive lymph nodes and lymph node ratio).

Results
Database searches will commence in December 2020. The meta-analysis will be completed by December 2021.

Conclusions
Our findings will enable us to present the current evidence on the feasibility, safety, and oncological effectiveness of surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma with arterial resection. Our data will support health care professionals and patients in their clinical decision-making.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO 223396; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=223396

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/31212
Futureproofing Visual Effects
Authors: Samaras Evanthia 
Published: August 2021

Digital visual effects (VFX), including computer animation, have become a commonplace feature of contemporary episodic and film production projects. Using various commercial applications and bespoke tools, VFX artists craft digital objects (known as â€œassetsâ€) to create visual elements such as characters and environments, which are composited together and output as shots.
While the shots that make up the finished film or television (TV) episode are maintained and preserved within purpose-built digital asset management systems and repositories by the studios commissioning the projects; the wider VFX network currently has no consistent guidelines nor requirements around the digital curation of VFX digital assets and records. This includes a lack of guidance about how to effectively futureproof digital VFX and preserve it for the long-term.
In this paper I provide a case study â€“ a single shot from a 3D animation short film â€“ to illustrate the complexities of digital VFX assets and records and the pipeline environments whence they are generated. I also draw from data collected from interviews with over 20 professional VFX practitioners from award-winning VFX companies, and I undertake socio-technical analysis of VFX using actor-network theory. I explain how high data volumes of digital information, rapid technology progression and dependencies on software pose significant preservation challenges.
In addition, I outline that by conducting holistic appraisal, selection and disposal activities across their entire digital collections, and by continuing to develop and adopt open formats; the VFX industry has improved capability to preserve first-hand evidence of their work in years to come.
Hiperrealitas Makna Bahagia Perempuan Karir Generasi Millennial Abad 21
Authors: Ardiyanto Erik 
Published: August 2021

Revolusi Industri 4.0 menciptakan sebuah paradigma baru yang sering disebut internet of things. Perubahan pardigma berpikir yang besar ini sangat mempengaruhi system dunia kerja saat ini. Perubahan ini tidak lain karena adanya otomasi disrutiption dalam bidang pekerjaan kshusnya perempuan. Selain itu konsep kolaborasi yang di tawarkan revolusi industri kali ini justrul melangengakan hegemoni sistem kapitalisme itu sendiri. Dalam hal ini sangat merugikan perempuan. Konsepkebahagiaan perempuan karir di abad 21 adalah buah hasil dari konstruksi perkembangan teknologi Iinformasi dan komunikasi. Efek budaya modern kontemporer sangat nyata dalam menggubah perilaku perempuan karir hari ini dalam memaknai sebuah pekerjaan. Dalam bentuk pekerjaan modern seperti sekarang yang dianggap maju oleh sebagian kalangan, justrul dalam prakteknya masih melanggengkan system patriarki yang selama ini ditentang oleh perempuan karir. Serta masih banyak bentuk ketidakailan gender dalam pekerjaan khusunya bagi perempuan karir hari ini. Disisi lain ada juga semacam gagap budaya barat antara wanita karir di sektor formal, informal, pendatang, atau yang dari Jakarta. Namun dengan seiring berjalanya waktu dan perkembangan zaman seperti sekarang ini yang menjadi perhatian sekaligus catatan dalam penelitian kali ini. Ketika semua pekerjaan nantinya sudah terotomasi semua dengan segala kemudahanya. apakah makna Bahagia dalam karir itu akan menjadi "Hyperrealitas” karena dalam penlitian ini saya juga mendapati bahwa sudah ada teknologi "Editing Genome” yang bisa merancang suatu kebahagian
O sublime e a pintura: entre a sensação no tempo e a destruição da beleza
Authors: Fonseca Lino Sulamita 
Published: August 2021

A pintura de Barnett Newman Vir heroïcus sublimis (1950) e seu texto The Sublime is Now (1950) foram referências para o debate sobre o sublime e pintura em autores como Lyotard, Danto e Saint Girons. Além disso, o pintor destaca sua leitura da obra de Burke. Este trabalho pretende analisar, a partir do encontro de todas essas referências, como se deu a aproximação da pintura com o sublime no âmbito da filosofia.
PENGEMBANGAN ENSIKLOPEDIA BUMI DAN ANTARIKSA SERTA KAITANNYA DENGAN AL QURAN PENDIDIKAN FISIKA UNTUK MAHASISWA
Authors: Putra Adi Nugraha , Maison Maison , Susanti Nova 
Published: August 2021

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengembangkan ensiklopedia dan mengetahui persepsi mahasiswa terhadap penggunaan ensiklopedia Bumi dan Antariksa. Pengembangan Ensiklopedia menggunakan pengembangan model ADDIE. Subjek penelitian ini adalah ahli materi, ahli media dan mahasiswa pendidikan fisika sebanyak 39 mahasiswa. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan lembar validasi dan angket. Teknik analisis data validitas kelayakan produk dihitung menggunakan formula Aiken. Ensiklopedia berisikan tiga bab materi yaitu: struktur bumi, sistem tata surya, asteroid dan komet. Materi dikaitkan dengan ayat Al Quran yang relevan. Hasil validasi ahli diperoleh skor kelayakan produk 0,8 dengan kategori cukup tinggi. Hasil uji persepsi mahasiswa diperoleh persentase 84,61% baik.
KORELASI MOTIVASI DAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISWA KELAS VIII DI SMP NEGERI SE-KECAMATAN JAMBI SELATAN
Authors: Saputra Wisnu Rahmad , Hendri Menza , Aminoto Tugiyo 
Published: August 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan motivasi dengan hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri Se-Kecamatan Jambi Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis korelasional. Variabel bebas yaitu motivasi belajar dan variabel terikat yaitu hasil IPA siswa. Instrumen pengumpulan data menggunakan angket motivasi belajar dan soal tes hasil belajar IPA materi Usaha dan Energi. Teknik analisis data terdiri dari uji normalitas, dan uji korelasi dengan taraf signifikasin 5% dengan program SPSS. Hasil korelasi motivasi belajar dengan hasil belajar adalah 0,356 dengan sig 0,00 < 0,05 maka H0 ditolak. Terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara motivasi belajar dengan hasil belajar IPA pada siswa kelas VIII di SMP Negeri di Kecamatan Jambi Selatan.
PENGEMBANGAN TERMOMETER GAS SEBAGAI ALAT PERAGA PEMBELAJARAN POKOK BAHASAN SKALA SUHU MUTLAK
Authors: Aminoto Tugiyo , Dani Rahma , Yuversa Edi 
Published: August 2021

Alat peraga termometer gas tipe volume konstan memiliki peran penting sebagai media pembelajaran yang dapat membantu para mahasiswa agar dapat memahami konsep suhu mutlak secara lebih mudah dan konkrit. Mengingat alat ini sulit dijumpai di pasaran maka sangat perlu dilakukan usaha untuk membuat dan mengembangkan alat tersebut. Tujuan penelitian pengembangan ini adalah untuk menghasilkan produk berupa alat peraga termometer gas tipe volume tetap yang lebih baik dari yang ada. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pengembangan yang meliputi penelitian dan pengumpulan data, perencanaan, pengembangan draf produk, pengembangan bahan pembelajaran, proses pembelajaran, dan instrumen evaluasi, uji coba lapangan awal, uji coba lapangan, penyempurnaan produk hasil uji lapangan, penyempurnaan produk akhir dan implementasi.
Market and Firm Reaction to Targeted Tax Benefits: Evidence from the Tax Reform Act of 1986
Authors: Luchs-Nuñez Jennifer , Plesko George A. , Utke Steven 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
A growing body of work examines market and firm responses to specific tax benefits. We extend this literature by examining market and firm reactions to an economically significant targeted tax refund granted to a few large, but poorly performing, steel firms by the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (TRA86). We find, relative to steel firms not receiving the refund, qualifying firms experience either a negative or insignificant market reaction around each of three key dates in the TRA86 legislative process. Using difference-in-differences analyses to test a variety of refund uses, we find that refund recipients use the proceeds to pay down debt rather than to increase capital assets, payouts to shareholders, acquisitions, or employment. Overall, we find targeted tax benefits granted to significant but struggling firms, while potentially politically appealing, appear to generate limited economic benefits to those targeted firms.
Data Availability: Data used in this study are available from public sources identified in the text.
JEL Classifications: H25.
Private Lenders' Use of Analyst Earnings Forecasts When Establishing Debt Covenant Thresholds
Authors: Call Andrew C. , Donovan John B. , Jennings Jared 
Published: August 2021

ABSTRACT
We examine whether lenders use analyst forecasts of the borrower's earnings as inputs when establishing covenant thresholds in private debt contracts. We find that, among debt contracts that include an earnings covenant, earnings thresholds are set closer to analyst forecasts when analysts have historically issued more accurate earnings forecasts. These results are robust to firm fixed effects and an instrumental variable approach. Further, we find that, following a plausibly exogenous decline in the availability of analyst earnings forecasts, debt contracts are less likely to include earnings covenants. Our evidence is consistent with lenders using analyst earnings forecasts as an input when establishing debt covenant thresholds and suggests sell-side analysts play a role in debt contracting.
Infarto agudo al miocardio secundario a puentes miocárdicos, reporte de caso
Authors: Menares Koppe Macarena Soledad 
Published: August 2021

Los puentes miocárdicos (PM) se definen como uno o más segmentos de una arteria coronaria que se encuentran rodeados por fibras musculares y que pueden sufrir alteraciones en el flujo sanguíneo durante la diástole, generando como consecuencia última, isquemia miocárdica. Aún cuando los PM tienen una presentación anatómica en la población de entre un 40-80%, sólo el 0.5-16% de ellos serán, adicionalmente, funcionales alterando la irrigación miocárdica. A continuación se presenta el caso de un hombre de 62 años, consulta en servicio de urgencia por cuadro clínico compatible con Sindrome coronario agudo, confirmandose el daño miocárdico con la elevación de las enzimas cardiacas. Se realiza coronariografía que evidencia existencia de puentes miocárdicos que disminuyen el flujo sanguíneo coronario, siendo ésta la causa del cuadro clínico del paciente que se manejó farmacológicamente. Palabras claves: puente miocárdico, isquemia miocárdica, infarto del miocardio.
Determinants of worse prognosis in patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators. Are ventricular arrhythmias an adjunctive risk factor?
Authors: Landolina Maurizio , Boriani Giuseppe , Biffi Mauro , Cattafi Giuseppe , Capucci Alessandro , Dello Russo Antonio , Facchin Domenico , Rordorf Roberto , Sagone Antonio , Del Greco Maurizio , Morani Giovanni , Nicolis Daniele , Meloni Sarah , Grammatico Andrea , Gasparini Maurizio 
Published: August 2021

Aims
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is indicated in patients with systolic heart failure (HF), severe left ventricle (LV) dysfunction and interventricular dyssynchrony.
In prospective observational research, we aimed to evaluate whether CRT-induced LV reverse remodelling and occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias (VT/VF) independently contribute to prognosis in patients with CRT defibrillators (CRT-D).

Methods
In 95 Italian cardiological centres, after a screening period of 6 months, patients were categorized according to VT/VF occurrence and CRT response, defined as LV end-systolic volume relative reduction >15% or LV ejection fraction absolute increase >5%. The main endpoint was death or HF hospitalizations.

Results
Among 1308 CRT-D patients (80% male, mean age 66 years), at 6 months, follow-up 71% were identified as CRT responders and 12% experienced appropriate VT/VF detections. The main endpoint was significantly and independently associated with previous myocardial infarction, New York Heart Association Class, VT/VF occurrence and with CRT response. CRT nonresponder patients who suffered VT/VF in the screening period had a risk of death or HF hospitalizations [HR = 7.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.95–15.48] significantly (P < 0.001) higher than CRT responders without VT/VF occurrence. This risk is mitigated without VT/VF occurrence (HR = 3.47, 95% CI = 2.03–5.91, P < 0.001) or in case of CRT response (HR = 3.11, 95% CI = 1.44–6.72, P = 0.004).

Conclusion
Our data show that both CRT response and occurrence of VT/VF independently contribute to the risk of death or HF-related hospitalizations in CRT-D patients. Early VT/VF occurrence may be identified as a marker of disease severity than can be mitigated by CRT response both in terms of all-cause mortality and long-term VT/VF onset.

Clinical Trial Registration
URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00147290 and NCT00617175
Commitment to the truth or defensive stance? Political strategies in the Brexit contest
Authors: Iñigo-Mora Isabel 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This paper analyses politicians’ selection of adverbs of certainty and extreme case formulations (ECFs) in both the 1975 Referendum and the Brexit (2016). This analysis helped discover if politicians in the 1975 Referendum and the Brexit: (a) framed a similar or different reality through their discourse choices and (b) used the same types of adverbs of certainty and ECFs and with the same frequency. For this purpose, we contrasted both the time (the 1975 Referendum vs. the Brexit) and the position (Anti-Europe vs. Pro-Europe). The corpus was made up of eight different recordings. Four of them were about the Brexit and four about the 1975 Referendum. In the case of the Brexit corpus, two recordings were Pro-Europe, two were Anti-Europe, and the same was in the case of the 1975 Referendum corpus.
Gait-based Biometric Identification System using Triangulated Skeletal Models (TSM)
Authors: Tahir Sabir Azhin 
Published: August 2021

Human gait identification is a behavioral biometric technology which can be used to monitor human beings without user interaction. Recent researches are more focused on investigating gait as one of the biometric traits. Further, gait recognition aims to analyze and identify human behavioral activities and may be implemented in different scenarios including access control and criminal analysis. However, using various techniques in relation to image processing and obtaining better accuracy are remaining challenges. In last decade, Microsoft has introduced the Kinect sensor as an innovative sensor to provide image characteristics, precisely. Therefore, this article uses a Kinect sensor to extract gait characteristics to be used in individual recognition. A set of Triangulated shape are generated as new feature vector and called Triangulated Skeletal Model (TSM). Nearest Neighbor technique is utilized to do the recognition issue based on leave-one-out strategy. The experimental outcomes indicated that the recommended technique provides significant results and outperforms other comparative similar techniques with accuracy of 93.46%.