bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in Breast Cancer Presentation at Time of Diagnosis for Black and White Women in High Resource Settings
Authors: Osei-Twum Jo-Ann , Gedleh Sahra , Lofters Aisha , Nnorom Onye 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper provides a narrative review of the existing literature on differences in demographic and biological features of breast cancer at time of diagnosis between Black and White women in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States. Electronic database searches for published peer-reviewed articles on this topic were conducted, and 78 articles were included in the final narrative review. Differences between Black and White women were compared for eight categories including age, tumour stage, size, grade, lymph node involvement, and hormone status. Black women were significantly more likely to present with less favourable tumour features at the time of diagnosis than White women. Significant differences were reported in age at diagnosis, tumour stage, size, grade and hormone status, particularly triple negative breast cancer. Limitations on the generalizability of the review findings are discussed, as well as the implications of these findings on future research, especially within the Canadian context.
Bestimmt das Angebot die Förderquote? – Effekte der räumlichen Nähe von Förderschulen auf den Anteil von Schülerinnen und Schülern mit Förderbedarf an Grundschulen
Authors: Goldan Janka , Grosche Michael 
Published: March 2021

ZusammenfassungIn dem vorliegenden Beitrag wird erstmals umfassend empirisch untersucht, ob vorhandene Angebotsstrukturen in Form von Förderschulen einen systematischen Einfluss auf die Zahl der als sonderpädagogisch förderbedürftig diagnostizierten Schülerinnen und Schüler an naheliegenden Grundschulen haben. Die Hypothese wird systemtheoretisch hergeleitet und anhand von statistischen und wissenschaftlichen Befunden verdeutlicht. Datenbasis bildet die amtliche Schulstatistik Nordrhein-Westfalens für die Grundschulen der Jahre 2010/11 bis 2017/18. Zur Überprüfung der Annahme, dass der Anteil der Schülerinnen und Schüler mit einem formal diagnostizierten Förderbedarf an Grundschulen höher ist, je geringer die räumliche Distanz zur nächstgelegenen Förderschule ausfällt, wird ein Tobit-Regressionsmodell unter Berücksichtigung der Mehrebenenstruktur der Daten berechnet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen für verschiedene Förderschwerpunkte – unter Kontrolle konfundierender Variablen – signifikante Effekte und bestätigen die Annahme. Mögliche Mechanismen des Effekts und Implikationen für die Praxis amtlicher Feststellungsverfahren werden vor dem Hintergrund der schulischen Inklusion beleuchtet.
Fish out of water: consumers’ unfamiliarity with the appearance of commercial fish species
Authors: Cusa Marine , Falcão Luara , De Jesus Joseph , Biolatti Cristina , Blondeel Lancelot , Bracken Fiona S. A. , Devriese Lisa , Garcés-Pastor Sandra , Minoudi Styliani , Gubili Chrysoula , Acutis Pier Luigi , Mariani Stefano 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSeafood labels play an increasingly key role in assisting consumers in purchasing processed and featureless fish products, and in encouraging sustainable fishing and aquaculture practices. While informed purchasing choices are typically influenced by traceability and labelling awareness, they also depend on the consumers’ ability to identify and discriminate the fish species available on the market, which to date remains notably unexplored. We asked 720 people across six European countries to identify pictures of six fish species commonly sold in Europe. We reveal that European consumers have a poor understanding of the appearance of the fish they consume (overall ∼ 30% correct identification), with British consumers performing the poorest and Spanish ones doing best. We noted cultural association with some species, whereby the most regionally consumed fish are more easily recognized. We argue that despite recent improvements in technological solutions, stakeholder dialogue, and policy implementation, seafood market transparency will remain open to malpractice until consumers restore connection with their food.
New species in Orchidaceae from Madagascar
Authors: Hermans Johan , Rajaovelona Landy , Cribb Phillip 
Published: March 2021

SummaryFive new species from Madagascar,Aerangis bovicornu(Vandeae: Angraecinae),Angraecopsis lemurelloides(Vandeae: Angraecinae), Didymoplexis stella-silvae(Gastrodieae),Habenaria crocodilium(Orchideae: Orchidinae) andPolystachya siederi(Vandeae: Polystachinae) are described and illustrated. A short summary of endemism and the history of description of orchids of Madagascar are given.
A symmetric Bloch–Okounkov theorem
Authors: van Ittersum Jan-Willem M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe algebra of so-called shifted symmetric functions on partitions has the property that for all elements a certain generating series, called the q-bracket, is a quasimodular form. More generally, if a graded algebra Aof functions on partitions has the property that the q-bracket of every element is a quasimodular form of the same weight, we call Aa quasimodular algebra. We introduce a new quasimodular algebra $$\mathcal {T}$$Tconsisting of symmetric polynomials in the part sizes and multiplicities.
FSD-SLAM: a fast semi-direct SLAM algorithm
Authors: Dong Xiang , Cheng Long , Peng Hu , Li Teng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCurrent visual-based simultaneous localization and mapping(SLAM) system suffers from feature loss caused by fast motion and unstructured scene in complex environments. Addressing this problem, a fast semi-direct SLAM algorithm is proposed in this paper. The main idea of this method is to combine the feature point method with the direct method in order to improve the robustness of the system in the environment of scarce visual features and low texture. First, the feature enhancement module based on subgraph is developed to extract image feature points more stably. Second, an apparent shape weighted fusion method is proposed for camera pose estimation, which can still work robustly in the absence of feature points. Third, an incremental dynamic covariance scaling algorithm is studied for optimizing the error of camera pose estimation. Finally, based on the optimized camera pose, a face element model is designed to estimate and fuse the point cloud pose, and obtain an ideal three-dimensional point cloud map. The proposed algorithm has been tested extensively on the benchmark TUM dataset and the real environment. The results show that the algorithm has better performance than existing visual based SLAM algorithms.
Do caregivers who connect online have better outcomes? A systematic review of online peer-support interventions for caregivers of people with stroke, dementia, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis
Authors: Wallace Sarah J. , Kothari Janaki , Jayasekera Anushki , Tointon Jessica , Baiyewun Toluwalase , Shrubsole Kirstine 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackground and Objectives:This systematic review aimed to identify and appraise the evidence for online peer-support interventions for caregivers of stroke survivors (with and without aphasia), and people with dementia, traumatic brain injury (TBI), Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis.Research Design and Methods:Systematic review conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Five databases were systematically searched up until September 2020: EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science. Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts and full-text articles. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) scales. Interventions were described using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist.Results:A total of 3026 records were identified from database searches. Following screening, 18 studies reporting 17 interventions were included in this review. Most studies (n = 13) reported interventions for caregivers of people with dementia. All studies incorporated an element of peer support as part of the intervention, however, most interventions (n = 15) comprised both psychosocial and educational elements. Statistically significant changes were reported for 11 interventions in one or more of the following domains: caregiver knowledge, mental health, stress, depression, distress, burden, self-efficacy, mastery, helplessness and perceived support. Qualitative outcomes included perceived reductions in stress and increased emotional and informational support.Discussion and Implications:Positive changes in caregiver outcomes were identified in response to multi-component online interventions (i.e., peer support in addition to education). Peer support was often poorly described, limiting the conclusions that could be drawn about the intervention components which result in better outcomes. Online interventions may provide an accessible and effective means of supporting caregivers.
Variational assimilation of web camera-derived estimates of visibility for Alaska aviation
Authors: Carley Jacob R. , Matthews Michael , Morris Matthew T. , De Pondeca Manuel S. F. V. , Colavito Jenny , Yang Runhua 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Real Time Mesoscale Analysis (RTMA), a two-dimensional variational analysis algorithm, is used to provide hourly analyses of surface sensible weather elements for situational awareness at spatial resolutions of 3 km over Alaska. In this work we focus on the analysis of horizontal visibility in Alaska, which is a region prone to weather related aviation accidents that are in part due to a relatively sparse observation network. In this study we evaluate the impact of assimilating estimates of horizontal visibility derived from a novel network of web cameras in Alaska with the RTMA. Results suggest that the web camera-derived estimates of visibility can capture low visibility conditions and have the potential to improve the RTMA visibility analysis under conditions of low instrument flight rules and instrument flight rules.
Judicial Review of Compliance with the Precautionary Principle from Paraquat to Blaise: “Quantitative Thresholds,” Risk Assessment, and the Gap Between Regulation and Regulatory Implementation
Authors: Leonelli Giulia Claudia 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis Article frames the precautionary principle as an inner limit to the EU institutions’ broad discretion in the field of EU risk regulation, contextualizing recourse to the principle against the more encompassing backdrop of socially acceptable risk approaches. On these grounds, it inquires to what extent the precautionary principle may be successfully invoked in challenges to acts which are deemed insufficiently protective. The opening sections set the ground for the analysis. The third section analyzes challenges to regulatory acts, arguing that the Court has followed a quantitative threshold approach. This is legally tenable and appropriate; however, it cannot do justice to the true nature of the precautionary principle. The following sections analyze cases involving legislative acts. This includes an in-depth examination of the recent Blaise case, which has put judicial review of compliance with the precautionary principle under the spotlight. Against this overall background, this Article concludes that judicial review can hardly do justice to the precautionary principle, as applicable to the risk management process and underpinning EU legislative frameworks. It will ultimately rest on EU risk managers and EU legislators to ensure that the principle is applied and that its overarching goals are pursued.
Antiviral use in healthcare workers—A systematic review
Authors: Tadount Fazia , Laghdir Zineb , Quach Caroline 
Published: March 2021

AbstractNeuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) are likely part of the rapid response and control in influenza pandemics and institutional outbreaks. We conducted a systematic review to appraise the current evidence on the use of NAIs among healthcare workers in the context of an influenza pandemic.
Exploring the relationship between pain and self-harm thoughts and behaviours in young people using network analysis
Authors: Hinze Verena , Ford Tamsin , Evans Robin , Gjelsvik Bergljot , Crane Catherine 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundSelf-harm thoughts and behaviours (SHTBs) are a serious public health concern in young people. Emerging research suggests that pain may be an important correlate of SHTBs in young people. However, it remains unclear whether this association is driven by the shared association with other correlates of SHTBs. This study used network analysis to delineate the relationship between SHTBs, pain and other correlates of SHTBs in a population-based sample of young people.MethodsWe performed secondary analyses, using data from 7977 young people aged 5–16 years who participated in the British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Survey in 2004. We used χ2 tests and network analysis to examine the complex interplay between SHTBs, pain and other correlates of SHTBs, including psychiatric disorders, childhood trauma, stressful life events, parental distress, family dysfunction, peer problems and inhibitory control deficits.ResultsPain was associated with a doubled risk of SHTBs, and likewise, SHTBs were associated with a doubled risk of pain. Furthermore, network analysis showed that although pain was significantly associated with all measured correlates of SHTBs, except family dysfunction, pain was most strongly associated with SHTBs, after accounting for these measured correlates.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to utilise network analysis to provide novel insights into the complex relationship between SHTBs, pain and other known correlates of SHTBs in young people. Results suggest that pain is an independent correlate of SHTBs. Future research should aim to identify underlying mechanisms.
Rational and natural theology in Anne Conway's Principia
Authors: Head Jonathan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper gives an account of the religious epistemology and theological working methods used in Anne Conway's Principia Philosophiae antiquissimae et recentissimae (1690). It is argued that the epistemic foundations of Conway's philosophical theology are rooted in a personal revelation of the existence and nature of God, which forms a framework through which the natural world can be approached and studied as creation. In this way, we can clarify both the place of Conway's work in the intellectual currents of the seventeenth century and various aspects of her metaphysical system, such as her account of creation.
Stable Calibrations of Six-DOF Serial Robots by Using Identification Models with Equalized Singular Values
Authors: Jiang Zhouxiang , Huang Min 
Published: March 2021

SUMMARYIn typical calibration methods (kinematic or non-kinematic) for serial industrial robot, though measurement instruments with high resolutions are adopted, measurement configurations are optimized, and redundant parameters are eliminated from identification model, calibration accuracy is still limited under measurement noise. This might be because huge gaps still exist among the singular values of typical identification Jacobians, thereby causing the identification models ill conditioned. This paper addresses such problem by using new identification models established in two steps. First, the typical models are divided into the submodels with truncated singular values. In this way, the unknown parameters corresponding to the abnormal singular values are removed, thereby reducing the condition numbers of the new submodels. However, these models might still be ill conditioned. Therefore, the second step is to further centralize the singular values of each submodel by using a matrix balance method. Afterward, all submodels are well conditioned and obtain much higher observability indices compared with those of typical models. Simulation results indicate that significant improvements in the stability of identification results and the identifiability of unknown parameters are acquired by using the new identification submodels. Experimental results indicate that the proposed calibration method increases the identification accuracy without incurring additional hardware setup costs to the typical calibration method.
Dictatorship, transition, and the forging of political science in Uruguay
Authors: Ravecca Paulo 
Published: March 2021

ArgumentThe study examines the trajectory of Uruguayan Political Science (PS) from a critical theory perspective. Concretely, the article focuses on PS’ institutional birth and early period (1980s and 1990s) and shows how broader political and ideological transformations had a significant impact on its discourse on Uruguayan democracy. Three components of such discourse are unpacked: The embrace of liberalism, the rejection of Marxism, and the uncritical engagement with the local political system, particularly the ‘traditional parties.’ The argument is supported by a systematic analysis of the 163 articles published byRevista Uruguaya de Ciencia Política(RUCP) from 1987 to 2012 and 22 in-depth interviews with scholars from theInstituto de Ciencia Política(ICP) atUniversidad de la República(UdelaR).
A novel online assessment of pragmatic and core language skills: An attempt to tease apart language domains in children
Authors: WILSON Alexander C. , BISHOP Dorothy V. M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIt remains unclear whether pragmatic language skills and core language skills (grammar and vocabulary) are distinct language domains. The present work aimed to tease apart these domains using a novel online assessment battery administered to almost 400 children aged 7 to 13 years. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that pragmatic and core language domains could be measured separately, but that both domains were highly related (r = .79). However, zero-order correlations between pragmatic tests were quite small, indicating that task-specific skills played an important role in performance, and follow-up exploratory factor analysis suggested that pragmatics might be best understood as a family of skills rather than a domain. This means that these different pragmatic skills may have different cognitive underpinnings and also need to be assessed separately. However, our overall results supported the idea that pragmatic and core aspects of language are closely related during development, with one area scaffolding development in the other.
Leveraging the developmental science of psychosocial risk to strengthen youth psychotherapy
Authors: Vaughn-Coaxum Rachel A. , Weisz John R. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMore than 50 years of randomized clinical trials for youth psychotherapies have resulted in moderate effect sizes for treatments targeting the most common mental health problems in children and adolescents (i.e., anxiety, depression, conduct problems, and attention disorders). Despite having psychotherapies that are effective for many children, there has been a dearth of progress in identifying the contextual factors that likely influence who will respond to a given psychotherapy, and under what conditions. The developmental psychopathology evidence base consistently demonstrates that psychosocial risk exposures (e.g., childhood adversities, interpersonal stressors, family dysfunction) significantly influence the onset and course of youth psychopathology. However, the developmental psychopathology framework remains to be well integrated into treatment development and psychotherapy research. We argue that advances in basic developmental psychopathology research carry promising implications for the design and content of youth psychotherapies. Research probing the effects of psychosocial risks on youth development can enrich efforts to identify contextual factors in psychotherapy effectiveness and to personalize treatment. In this article we review empirically supported and hypothesized influences of individual- and family-level risk factors on youth psychotherapy outcomes, and we propose a framework for leveraging developmental psychopathology to strengthen psychotherapies.
Coronary artery spasm in a 15-year-old male in diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Strah Danielle , Seckeler Michael , Mendelson Jenny 
Published: March 2021

AbstractCoronary artery disease and myocardial infarction are known complications of long-standing diabetes mellitus in adults, but coronary artery spasm is far more rare and has not been reported in children. We present a 15-year-old male in diabetic ketoacidosis who developed diffuse ST segment elevations and elevated troponin with normal coronary arteries on coronary angiography and no signs of pericarditis that was due to coronary artery spasm.
Should Strengthening Bonds Be a Public Health	Priority?
Authors: Wood Valerie M. , Stuart Heather 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Background: Previous research demonstrates the importance of close relationships on our physical health. However, to what extent the quality of our social relationships impacts our health, relative to other important health behaviors (e.g., smoking, drinking alcohol, and physical exercise), is less clear. Aims: Our goal was to use a nationally representative sample of Canadian adults to assess the relative importance of the quality of one’s social relationships (close emotional bonds and negative social interactions), relative to important health behaviors on physical health outcomes previously linked to social relationship quality. Method: Data ( N = 25,113) came from the Canadian Community Health Survey in 2012, a cross-sectional survey administered by Statistics Canada (2013) . The predictor variables were the presence of close emotional bonds, negative social relationships, type of smoker, type of drinker, and weekly hours of physical activity. The outcome variables were a current or previous diagnosis of high blood pressure, cancer, stroke, reports of current illness or injury, pain, and self-reported physical health. Results: Using regressions, we found that negative social interactions were more important than other health behaviors in relation to current injury/illness and pain. Physical activity was most strongly related to self-rated health, followed by negative social interactions and then close emotional bonds. Alcohol consumption was more related to the prevalence of stroke. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that negative social interactions may be more related to acute or minor physical health conditions, but social relationships may not be more strongly related to more chronic, life-threatening health conditions than other health behaviors.