bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remodeling after myocardial infarction and effects of heart failure treatment investigated by hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Tougaard Rasmus Stilling , Laustsen Christoffer , Lassen Thomas Ravn , Qi Haiyun , Lindhardt Jakob Lykke , Schroeder Marie , Jespersen Nichlas Riise , Hansen Esben Søvsø Szocska , Ringgaard Steffen , Bøtker Hans Erik , Kim Won Yong , Stødkilde‐Jørgensen Hans , Wiggers Henrik 
Published: August 2021

PurposeHyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate MRS can measure cardiac metabolism in vivo. We investigated whether [1‐13C]pyruvate MRS could predict left ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction (MI), long‐term left ventricular effects of heart failure medication, and could identify responders to treatment.MethodsThirty‐five rats were scanned with hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate MRS 3 days after MI or sham surgery. The animals were re‐examined after 30 days of therapy with β‐blockers and ACE‐inhibitors (active group, n = 12), placebo treatment (placebo group, n = 13) or no treatment (sham group, n = 10). Furthermore, heart tissue mitochondrial respiratory capacity was assessed by high‐resolution respirometry. Metabolic results were compared between groups, over time and correlated to functional MR data at each time point.ResultsAt 30 ± 0.5 days post MI, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) differed between groups (sham, 77% ± 1%; placebo, 52% ± 3%; active, 63% ± 2%, P < .001). Cardiac metabolism, measured by both hyperpolarized [1‐13C]pyruvate MRS and respirometry, neither differed between groups nor between baseline and follow‐up. Three days post MI, low bicarbonate + CO2/pyruvate ratio was associated with low LVEF. At follow‐up, in the active group, a poor recovery of LVEF was associated with high bicarbonate + CO2/pyruvate ratio, as measured by hyperpolarized MRS.ConclusionIn a rat model of moderate heart failure, medical treatment improved function, but did not on average influence [1‐13C]pyruvate flux as measured by MRS; however, responders to heart failure medication had reduced capacity for carbohydrate metabolism.
Toward proteome‐wide exploration of proteins in dried blood spots using liquid chromatography‐coupled mass spectrometry
Authors: Nakajima Daisuke , Ohara Osamu , Kawashima Yusuke 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDried blood spot (DBS) sampling is a method with advantages over conventional blood sampling in relation to collection, cost, storage, and transportation. Such advantages have led to its wide use in newborn screening (NBS). Although target analysis of various biomolecules is conducted in NBS, protein quantification‐based NBS is still in its infancy. Thus, it is important to clarify how many proteins could be quantitatively detected in DBS samples using advanced liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) technologies; a catalogue of proteins detectable in DBSs by LC–MS/MS will enable us to judge which causative proteins in genetic diseases can be monitored at the protein level in NBS. In this review, we outline conventional proteome analyses of DBSs with a distinction between target and nontarget approaches. Additionally, we discuss the future perspectives for proteome analysis of DBSs in NBS of genetic diseases.
Understanding care needs of cancer patients with depressive symptoms: The importance of patients' recognition of depressive symptoms
Authors: Bickel Esmée A. , Auener Anouk M. , Ranchor Adelita V. , Fleer Joke , Schroevers Maya J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe majority of cancer patients with depressive symptoms does not perceive a need for psychological care. Reasons for this are still unclear. We examined the mediating role of cancer patients' perceptions of depressive symptoms in the relationship between depressive symptoms and perceived need for psychological care.MethodsFor this cross‐sectional study, we recruited 127 Dutch cancer patients with moderate to severe levels of depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ]‐9≥10) who did not receive professional psychological care. Depressive symptoms were measured with the PHQ‐9 questionnaire, by using three different depression score operationalizations. We used mediation analyses to test the mediating role of patients' illness perceptions (measured with subscales of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire) in the relation between depressive symptoms and need for care.ResultsWhilst results did not show significant direct associations between depressive symptoms and perceived need for psychological care, we found positive indirect effects of severity (B = 0.07, SE = 0.04, p < 0.02), meeting the DSM‐5 diagnosis (B = 0.45, SE = 0.26, p < 0.02) and having relatively more affective symptoms (B = 2.37, SE = 1.10, p < 0.02) on need for care through the identity perception.ConclusionsIncluding assessments of patients' recognition of depressive symptoms and their perceptions of depression treatment efficacy might improve depression screening in cancer patients by more accurately identifying those with a need for psychological care. Moreover, improving patients' knowledge and recognition of symptoms as being depressive symptoms might be a possible target point in increasing care needs and hereby optimizing the uptake of psychological care in cancer patients with depressive symptoms.
Association of time of first corticosteroid treatment with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants
Authors: Cuna Alain , Lagatta Joanne M. , Savani Rashmin C. , Vyas‐Read Shilpa , Engle William A. , Rose Rebecca S. , DiGeronimo Robert , Logan J. Wells , Mikhael Michel , Natarajan Girija , Truog William E. , Kielt Matthew , Murthy Karna , Zaniletti Isabella , Lewis Tamorah R. ,   Children's Hospitals Neonatal Consortium (CHNC) Severe BPD Focus Group
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the association between the time of first systemic corticosteroid initiation and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants.Study designA multi‐center retrospective cohort study from January 2010 to December 2016 using the Children's Hospitals Neonatal Database and Pediatric Health Information System database was conducted. The study population included preterm infants <32 weeks' gestation treated with systemic corticosteroids after 7 days of age and before 34 weeks' postmenstrual age. Stepwise multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between timing of corticosteroid initiation and the development of Grade 2 or 3 BPD as defined by the 2019 Neonatal Research Network criteria.ResultsWe identified 598 corticosteroid‐treated infants (median gestational age 25 weeks, median birth weight 760 g). Of these, 47% (280 of 598) were first treated at 8–21 days, 25% (148 of 598) were first treated at 22–35 days, 14% (86 of 598) were first treated at 36–49 days, and 14% (84 of 598) were first treated at >50 days. Infants first treated at 36‐49 days (aOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1–3.7) and >50 days (aOR 1.9, 95% CI 1.04–3.3) had higher independent odds of developing Grade 2 or 3 BPD when compared to infants treated at 8–21 days after adjusting for birth characteristics, admission characteristics, center, and co‐morbidities.ConclusionsAmong preterm infants treated with systemic corticosteroids in routine clinical practice, later initiation of treatment was associated with a higher likelihood to develop Grade 2 or 3 BPD when compared to earlier treatment.
Effectiveness of Pistacia atlantica on older adult knee osteoarthritis, a randomized triple blind clinical trial
Authors: Khamevar Ali , Ebrahimzadeh Mohammad Ali , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Shayesteh Azar Masoud , Saeedi Majid , Bakhtiary Far Adel , Yousefi Seyde Sedighe 
Published: August 2021

Osteoarthritis is the most common cause of disability and aging is the major risk factor. One of the low‐risk herbal medicines for reducing pain and inflammation in persian medicine is Pistacia atlantica gum. A triple‐blind placebo‐controlled clinical trial was performed in order to evaluate the efficacy of P. atlantica gum ointment on knee osteoarthritis in elderly people. A total of 60 patients were randomly allocated to two groups. The intervention group used 4% P. atlantica ointment and the control group used placebo, topically applied three times a day, for 8 weeks. The patients were evaluated before and after the intervention using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scale. There were significant differences (p < .001) between two the groups in terms of joint stiffness and pain as well as function. Within groups, regarding the effect size (EF) in joint stiffness was 2.82 and 0.74 in the Pistacia and placebo groups, respectively. Regarding pain, the effect size of the intervention and placebo groups were 3.90 and 0.99, respectively. In addition, regarding function, the effect size of the intervention and the placebo groups were 4.33 and 1.17, respectively. Therefore, it seems that topical P. atlantica is significantly better than the placebo in the old patients with knee osteoarthritis.
IL‐21 regulates macrophage activation in human monocytic THP‐1‐derived macrophages
Authors: Jian Leilei , Li Changhong , Sun Lin , Ma Zhenzhen , Wang Xinyu , Yu Ruohan , Liu Xiangyuan , Zhao Jinxia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground: Interleukin‐21 (IL‐21) has a regulatory effect on various immune cells. Its effect on macrophage function remains unclear.Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effect of IL‐21 on the macrophages‐mediated inflammatory response and explore its mechanism.Materials & Methods: Phorbol myristate acetate was used to induce THP‐1‐derived macrophages. Then, cells were stimulated with IL‐21 and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To determine the effect of IL‐21 on the production of inflammatory factors in THP‐1‐derived macrophages, the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels of IL‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), IL‐8, and IL‐10 were detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Meanwhile, to explore the effect of IL‐21 on macrophage polarization, macrophage phenotype, gene expression, and cytokine secretion mediated by THP‐1‐derived macrophage were detected by flow cytometry, RT‐PCR, and ELISA.Results: First, we found that the IL‐21 receptor was expressed in THP‐1‐derived macrophages. IL‐21 enhanced LPS‐mediated TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐10 production in THP‐1‐derived macrophages. During the polarization of THP‐1‐derived macrophages to M1‐like macrophages, IL‐21 induced the expression of macrophage surface markers CD86 and CD80, and related genes, such as TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐1β, and DC‐SIGN mRNA, inhibited Dectin‐1 mRNA expression and promoted the secretion of TNF‐α. During the polarization of THP‐1‐derived macrophages to M2‐like macrophages, IL‐21 enhanced the expression of macrophage surface markers CD86 and CD163, and related genes, such as TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐10, Dectin‐1, and DC‐SIGN mRNA, and promoted the secretion of IL‐10.Conclusion: IL‐21 promotes LPS‐mediated production of inflammatory cytokines by THP‐1‐derived macrophages; IL‐21 plays a two‐way regulatory role in THP‐1‐derived macrophage polarization.
Duration‐adjusted betas
Authors: Varela Oscar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes duration‐adjusted betas for the three‐factor model betas that include risk associated with the firm's dividend policy. It extends Varela (Journal of Portfolio Management, 41, 2015, 122) who shows dividend policy as relevant to the stock's risk even in perfect markets, because the stock's duration is lower when cash dividends are higher. The three‐factor model's betas measure the effects of the market portfolio, size, and value premiums on the stock's required return. The stock's duration measures its required return's effects on its price. In combination, adjusting the stock's three‐factor betas for duration accounts not only for the effects of each factor on its required return, but also for the effect of the required return on its price. Overall, investors seeking lower risks, that is lower duration‐adjusted betas, should consider firms with policies that promote higher cash dividends.
Remodeling of Tumor Microenvironment by Tumor‐Targeting Nanozymes Enhances Immune Activation of CAR T Cells for Combination Therapy
Authors: Zhu Lipeng , Liu Jie , Zhou Guangyu , Liu Tzu‐Ming , Dai Yunlu , Nie Guangjun , Zhao Qi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTargeting B7‐H3 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells has antitumor potential for therapy of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in preclinical studies. However, CAR T cell therapy remains a formidable challenge for the treatment of solid tumors due to the heterogeneous and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Nanozymes exhibit merits modulating the immunosuppression of the tumor milieu. Here, a synergetic strategy by combination of nanozymes and CAR T cells in solid tumors is described. This nanozyme with dual photothermal‐nanocatalytic properties is endowed to remodel TME by destroying its compact structure. It is found that the B7‐H3 CAR T cells infused in mice engrafted with the NSCLC cells have superior antitumor activity after nanozyme ablation of the tumor. Importantly, it is found that the changes altered immune‐hostile cancer environment, resulting in enhanced activation and infiltration of B7‐H3 CAR T cells. The first evidence that the process of combination nanozyme therapy effectively improves the therapeutic index of CAR T cells is presented. Thus, this study clearly supports that the TME‐immunomodulated nanozyme is a promising tool to improve the therapeutic obstacles of CAR T cells against solid tumors.
Kippstabilität von Trägern mit Drehbettung – Einfluss und Anwendung der neuen Regelungen in prEN1993‐1‐1:2020
Authors: Müller Andreas , Taras Andreas 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn diesem Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse einer Studie vorgestellt, welche die Auswirkungen der im Normentwurf zur 2. Generation der EN 1993‐1‐1 eingeführten Neuerungen des Biegedrillknicknachweises von Trägern mit I‐ und H‐Querschnitt auf die Regelungen zur Bestimmung der erforderlichen Drehbettung zur Vermeidung des Biegedrillknickens untersuchte. Es werden zunächst die Hintergründe der bestehenden und neuen Regelungen gemeinsam mit bisherigen Vorschlägen zur Anpassung der Definition der Mindest‐Drehbettung diskutiert. Anhand theoretischer Überlegungen sowie numerischer Berechnungen der realitätsnahen Tragfähigkeit drehgebetteter Stäbe wird gezeigt, dass die neuen Regelungen für das Biegedrillknicken in prEN1993‐1‐1 zu sehr präzisen Vorhersagen der Tragfähigkeit drehgebetteter Stäbe führen, solange die Drehbettung auch in der Bestimmung der Schlankheit für Biegedrillknicken berücksichtigt wird. Zudem wird gezeigt, dass die bisher gültigen und im Nationalen Anhang der DIN EN 1993‐1‐1 enthaltenen Festlegungen zur Mindest‐Drehbettung zur Vermeidung von Biegedrillknicken ebenfalls für die Praxis ausreichend genau sind und in keinem Widerspruch zu den neu eingeführten Regelungen zum Biegedrillknicken stehen. Von der in prEN1993‐1‐1, Anhang D geplanten Verschärfung der Regelungen zur erforderlichen Mindest‐Drehbettung kann demnach abgesehen werden.
Physicochemical Properties for Food Packaging and Toxicity Behaviors Against Healthy Cells of Environmentally Friendly Biocompatible Starch/Citric Acid/Polyvinyl Alcohol Biocomposite Films
Authors: Gürler Nedim , Paşa Salih , Erdoğan Ömer , Cevik Ozge 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe current study focuses on the fabrication, characterization, and cytotoxic effects of polymeric biocomposite films composed of starch, various concentrations of citric acid (3%, 6%, and 9%), and polyvinyl alcohol. The cross‐linked corn starch (S)‐polyvinyl alcohol (P) biocomposite films are prepared by casting technique using glucose (G) and fructose (F) as plasticizers. The chemical structure of obtained films is characterized by Fourier transform infrared and x‐ray diffraction. Physicochemical parameters of the films such as solubility, swelling capacity, and water vapor permeability, optical and mechanical properties are investigated. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity is evaluated to determine the biocompatibility of samples. The physicochemical properties of S‐P(Starch‐Polyvinyl alcohol) films improve with the addition of citric acid during the esterification reaction. The tensile strength for Starch‐Polyvinyl alcohol‐Glucose blend composition with 3% citric acid (SPG3) and Starch‐Polyvinyl alcohol‐Fructose blend composition with 3% citric acid (SFG3) biocomposite films is determined as 10.17 and 8.24 MPa, respectively, compared to 8.16 and 7.94 MPa for without citric acid, respectively. The cell viability values of biocomposite films towards NIH‐3T3 and L929 cells are calculated 90% compared to the control group. Thus, it demonstrates that they are also quite biocompatible materials.
Effect of methylene blue used as medical dye on blood pressure in a dog undergoing partial pancreatectomy
Authors: Marchese Giorgia Anna , Pascal Manuela 
Published: August 2021

AbstractA three‐year‐old female, neutered Staffordshire Bull Terrier underwent partial pancreatectomy for suspected insulinoma. During surgery, the patient developed severe hypotension unresponsive to reduction in inhalant agent concentration, intravenous fluid bolus therapy and intravenous administration of vasopressor agents. A progressive increase in arterial blood pressure values was only detected concomitantly with intravenous administration of methylene blue (MB), requested by the surgeon to facilitate the visualization of the pancreatic tumour. The arterial blood pressure remained within normal range values during the rest of the intraoperative period. The dog recovered uneventfully from general anaesthesia. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case report describing the effect of intravenous MB on arterial blood pressure in veterinary medicine.
How acetaldehyde reacts with low molecular weight phenolics in white and red wines
Authors: Cucciniello Raffaele , Forino Martino , Picariello Luigi , Coppola Francesca , Moio Luigi , Gambuti Angelita 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAcetaldehyde is a key compound in determining wine color evolution and sensory properties. Major wine metabolites reactive to acetaldehyde are phenolic compounds, mainly flavan-3-ols and anthocyanins. Many studies have been conducted with the purpose of investigating acetaldehyde reactivity in model solutions, but very poor are the reports of its fate in real wines. By means of LC-HRESIMS and UV/Vis HPLC, red and white wines exposed to an excess of acetaldehyde were analyzed with a specific focus on low molecular weight phenolics. The chemical behavior of acetaldehyde turned out to be different in white and red wines. In white wines, it mainly mediated the formation of vinyl-flavan-3-ol derivatives, while in red wines it led to the formation of ethylidene-bridged red pigments. These latter positively enhanced the color properties of red wines. Conversely, in white wines, the formation of compounds, such as xanthylium ions, causing the undesired browning effects were not detected.
LncRNA LncHrt preserves cardiac metabolic homeostasis and heart function by modulating the LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Ning , Kataoka Masaharu , Wang Yingchao , Pu Linbin , Dong Xiaoxuan , Fu Xuyang , Zhang Feng , Gao Feng , Liang Tian , Pei Jianqiu , Xiao Changchen , Qiu Qiongzi , Hong Tingting , Chen Qiming , Zhao Jing , Zhu Lianlian , He Junhua , Hu Xiaoyun , Nie Yu , Zhu Wei , Yu Hong , Cowan Douglas B. , Hu Xinyang , Wang Jian’an , Wang Da-Zhi , Chen Jinghai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMetabolic modulation is a promising therapeutic approach to prevent adverse remodeling of the ischemic heart. Because little is known about the involvement of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in regulating cardiac metabolism, we used unbiased transcriptome profiling in a mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI). We identified a novel cardiomyocyte-enriched lncRNA, called LncHrt, which regulates metabolism and the pathophysiological processes that lead to heart failure. AAV-based LncHrt overexpression protects the heart from MI as demonstrated by improved contractile function, preserved metabolic homeostasis, and attenuated maladaptive remodeling responses. RNA-pull down followed by mass spectrometry and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) identified SIRT2 as a LncHrt-interacting protein involved in cardiac metabolic regulation. Mechanistically, we established that LncHrt interacts with SIRT2 to preserve SIRT2 deacetylase activity by interfering with the CDK5 and SIRT2 interaction. This increases downstream LKB1-AMPK kinase signaling, which ameliorates functional and metabolic deficits. Importantly, we found the expression of the human homolog of mouse LncHrt was decreased in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Together, these studies identify LncHrt as a cardiac metabolic regulator that plays an essential role in preserving heart function by regulating downstream metabolic signaling pathways. Consequently, LncHrt is a potentially novel RNA-based therapeutic target for ischemic heart disease.
Psychotropic medication use among patients with a traumatic brain injury treated in the intensive care unit: a multi-centre observational study
Authors: Vehviläinen Juho , Skrifvars Markus B. , Reinikainen Matti , Bendel Stepani , Marinkovic Ivan , Ala-Kokko Tero , Hoppu Sanna , Laitio Ruut , Siironen Jari , Raj Rahul 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundPsychiatric sequelae after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are common and may impede recovery. We aimed to assess the occurrence and risk factors of post-injury psychotropic medication use in intensive care unit (ICU)-treated patients with TBI and its association with late mortality.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective multi-centre observational study using the Finnish Intensive Care Consortium database. We included adult TBI patients admitted in four university hospital ICUs during 2003–2013 that were alive at 1 year after injury. Patients were followed-up until end of 2016. We obtained data regarding psychotropic medication use through the national drug reimbursement database. We used multivariable logistic regression models to assess the association between TBI severity, treatment-related variables and the odds of psychotropic medication use and its association with late all-cause mortality (more than 1 year after TBI).ResultsOf 3061 patients, 2305 (75%) were alive at 1 year. Of these, 400 (17%) became new psychotropic medication users. The most common medication types were antidepressants (61%), antipsychotics (35%) and anxiolytics (26%). A higher Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score was associated with lower odds (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.90–0.96) and a diffuse injury with midline shift was associated with higher odds (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.3–9.0) of new psychotropic medication use. After adjusting for injury severity, new psychotropic medication use was associated with increased odds of late mortality (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.19–2.17, median follow-up time 6.4 years).ConclusionsPsychotropic medication use is common in TBI survivors. Higher TBI severity is associated with increased odds of psychotropic medication use. New use of psychotropic medications after TBI was associated with increased odds of late mortality. Our results highlight the need for early identification of potential psychiatric sequelae and psychiatric evaluation in TBI survivors.