bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Relationship between Pandemic Circumstances, Social Factors and Government Policies
Authors: Wang Wenru , A. Vasarhelyi Miklos , ROSA FABRICIA , Machado de Freitas Marcelo 
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: esta pesquisa explora o papel que fatores sociais e políticas governamentais desempenham no desenvolvimento da pandemia de COVID-19.
Enquadramento Teórico: o governo de diferentes regiões responde à pandemia com várias políticas e intervenções governamentais. Enquanto isso, fatores sociais que são resultados de longo prazo das políticas governamentais também impactam o desenvolvimento da pandemia em diferentes regiões. A presente pesquisa estuda como esses fatores sociais estão relacionados com o desenvolvimento da pandemia de COVID-19.
Desenho da Pesquisa: Usando dados do IBGE, Ministério da Saúde e Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Santa Catarina, conduziu-se uma análise de regressão em nível municipal usando fatores sociais como variáveis ??independentes, e casos confirmados de COVID-19 e mortes confirmadas de COVID-19 como variáveis ??dependentes.
Resultados: foi verificado que os municípios do estado brasileiro com mais Unidades Básicas de Saúde e maior densidade populacional tendem a apresentar mais casos confirmados e óbitos por COVID-19. Também foi evidenciado que o PIB de um município é um importante indicador de casos e óbitos confirmados por COVID-19.
Originalidade: esta pesquisa é uma das primeiras a compreender o impacto dos fatores sociais no desenvolvimento da pandemia COVID-19.
Contribuições práticas e teóricas: os resultados desta pesquisa irão melhorar a compreensão da pandemia em andamento, prever a tendência de desenvolvimento da pandemia e preparar os formuladores de políticas com melhores informações, apontando os impactos significativos de fatores sociais e políticas governamentais.
Case Study in Well Integrity Assurance with Enhanced Ultrasonic Technology for a Highly Attenuative Environment
Authors: Mandal Batakrishna , Wu Xiang , Huseynov Sadig , Adedamola Adesoji , Huanga Teles , Mirzayeva Tahmina , Rahimov Fuad , Novruzaliyeva Ofeliya 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
While applying acoustics is not a new science, inherent uncertainties with these techniques are still not addressing challenges that limit confidence in well integrity programs. The Caspian region's significant challenges for cement evaluations include heavy mud and thick casing, as well as the high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) nature of gas condensate wells, which reduces the contrast in acoustic impedance. Accordingly, difficulties have remained in the interpretation of conventional cement bond logs, which has led many operators to be suspicious of well integrity technologies.
This paper focuses on the application of ultrasonic cement evaluation technology in the Caspian Sea, and compares results between advanced ultrasonic applications and traditional cement bond logs in heavy mud. The workflow is presented to integrate the advancement of this technology and to eliminate the uncertainties in well integrity analysis. Increasing confidence for further drilling of a high-pressure gas reservoir has been achieved by combining these various measurements that enable a definitive analysis of zonal isolation.
The main objective of this well assurance program was to ensure zonal isolation and shoe integrity in order to drill ahead to perform formation integrity tests (FITs). However, obtaining high-resolution cement data in heavy, 2.16-sg, oil-based mud (OBM) was the biggest concern due to the limitations of standard ultrasonic technology. The wide disparity in acoustic impedance, combined with the low contrast between heavy mud and the cemented section, makes evaluation of cement quality and zonal isolation doubtful. Although well conditions challenged the standard measurements, the cement evaluation objective was achieved with the new technology by ensuring 360° azimuthal coverage in permeable sand zones capable of unwanted hydrocarbon production – i.e., preventing sustained casing pressure (SCP). Moreover, a strong and continuous 40-m cement bond prevented crossflow from charging zones through the wellbore and also acted as a barrier against corrosion. Enhancement of pulse-echo technology has proved that it can be applied in a highly attenuative environment to achieve high-fidelity data.
Highly acoustic attenuative mud is a major challenge for acoustic ultrasonic technology to achieve a quality answer product for well integrity. To mitigate this problem, a new tool was developed with a highly sensitive low-noise transducer, and with special programmable (both voltage and frequency) firing circuitry, to enhance the transducer signal at the resonance frequency of the casing. The various features of the processing algorithm are also improved, based on the numerous laboratory and field measurements.
Hydrocarbon Generative Properties and Maturity of Cretaceous and Eocene Sediments in the Middle Kura Depression, Azerbaijan
Authors: Akhundov Shahin Khosrov , Tagiyev Mushfig Farhad , Khuduzade Arastun Ismail , Aliyev Natig Namig 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Meso-Cenozoic sedimentary cover in the Middle Kura depression located between the Greater and Lesser Caucasus mountain structures contains numerous oil accumulations. According to studies in the Cretaceous and Paleogene strata, sedimentary organic matter is of mixed clastic-marine origin. Moderate amounts of organic matter have been recorded in the Eocene sediments (on average 0.70%), in the Upper and Lower Cretaceous average values made up 0.39% и 0.42%, respectively. Analysis of bitumoid composition suggests that in a number of areas bitumoids have experienced a widespread movement across the sedimentary strata. The results of measurements on isolated samples indicate that the Cretaceous strata have only advanced to the initial hard-coal stage of organic transformation (0.48-0.55%Ro). On vitrinite reflectance data the Eocene deposits in studied areas of the Middle Kura depression have reached initial (brown-coal) stage of catagenetic transformation (±0.48Ro%; est. paleotemperature of 85°C). Nonetheless, analysis of formation conditions of commercial HC accumulations found earlier in the Eocene strata allows considering them the most prospective in the Middle Kura depression.
State of Stress in Azeri-Chirag-Gunashli Anticline Structure, South Caspian Sea
Authors: Majidi Reza , Abbasov Abbas , Aliyev Elshan M. , Akhundova Firangiz , Mckidd Joanna 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The Azeri-Chirag-Gunashli (ACG) field, a tightly folded anticline structure, located offshore Azerbaijan in the south Caspian basin, is one of the most tectonically active regions of the world. Understanding the stress state across the ACG structure is a key to successful development of the field by optimizing well placement during drilling, completion, and depletion/injection phases.
This article summarizes the results of studies undertaken on the state of the stress in ACG field. It encompasses the field-wide overview of stresses from a structural standpoint, the compilation of drilling and completion events, for instance, induced fracture during lost circulation events, and Formation Pressure Integrity Tests (FPIT) as well as analysis of wellbore breakout from variety of sources including borehole image data and caliper logs that were used to infer the magnitude and orientation of far-field stresses. Key outcomes of this study are the stress ratio distribution maps and stress orientation maps across the structure, based on the magnitude and orientations of stresses that were inferred from drilling events and wellbore breakouts.
Results of this analysis show that magnitude and orientation of stresses vary across the structure both laterally and vertically. Minimum principal stress (Shmin) tends to increase from the crest toward the flanks. The maximum principal stress (SHmax) orientation is found to be predominantly sub-perpendicular to the strike of the anticline structure (60°-80° N), influenced by the reginal tectonic stresses. Moreover, stress rotation from sub-perpendicular to sub-parallel to the anticline is observed over some parts of the central and crestal areas, indicating that stresses are less compressional at the center and crest of the Azeri anticline. Local variability is possibly due to proximity to geological features such as mud volcanos, faults, and high deformation areas.
The relative magnitude of stresses found in ACG, suggests a predominantly strike-slip faulting regime (where SHmax is the greatest of the three principal stresses) particularly, at the flanks and noses of the structure.
The Influence of Lithofacies Features of a Deposit on the Efficiency of Reserves Recovery
Authors: Sultanov Shamil Khanifovich , Chudinova Daria Yurievna , Chibisov Alexander Vyacheslavovich , Makhnitkin Eugene Mikhailovich , Kharisova Lily Ramilevna , Urakov Dmitrii Sergeyevich , Aktuganov Roman Robertovich 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The main task in petroleum engineering is to achieve the maximum possible production of hydrocarbon reserves with low expenditures. Many reasons influence the economics of the project. And one of them is related to choosing the right location for drilling a well in order to produce unrecovered hydrocarbons. The choice of this place has a direct correlation with the geological aspects of an oil field. This paper showed that different facies have a great influence on reserves recovery on the example of the South-Vyintoyskoye field. The classification of facies involved the study of production data. This study was presented by analysis of core sample, application of models by Muromtsev, reading of well logs, and build-up of geological models. The construction of geological models involved work in IRAP RMS TEMPEST, CorelDRAW, Geoglobe, Roxar Program package. The subject of study was the reservoir rock BV7/3-4that is a part of the Barremian age formation. It was concluded that this reservoir rock is composed of mainly argillaceous sandstones, interbedded with siltstones and shales. Authors identified that this formation belongs to three different depositional facies. The facies classification showed that the A1 zone is associated with well-graded fine to the fine-grained size of sediments. The reservoir rock of this zone is composed of sediments that belong to the distribution channel of deltas. And as a result, it is characterized by its high flow rate of production wells. The reservoir rock of the A2 facies zone is composed of sediments that are related to the collapse of mouth bars and branches of deltas. This zone has difficulties in fluid migration due to the presence of heterogeneities and clay material as well as the drilling of new wells close to the given zone lead to the medium flow rate of production wells. The reservoir rock of the A3 facies zone is composed of sediments that belong to turbidity flows. In this zone, organic matter has been recognized as a group of ichnofacies such as "Cruziana". This zone is characterized by the low flow rates of the production wells.
Response, Retune, Revive: The Duty of Producing Never Ceases in Pandemic
Authors: Wang Zhehao , Jobarah Hussain , Kaaki Zouhair 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected every facet of global society. It has become evident that the impacts of this pandemic will be far-reaching and long lasting. The abstract showcases how producing entities can stand up to pandemic by initiating manpower demographical study, working schedule adjustment, communication protocol and reinforcing online job training to proactively manage the workforce in a COVID-19 impacted working environment.
Entities should take systematic approaches to handle the crisis. To help employees achieve well-being in work and personal life, management can motivate employees to join Emotional Wellbeing Roadshow, and launch multiple COVID-19 campaigns to improve awareness. To support workforce continuity, an analyst can perform a workforce demographical study. Administrative staff have the option to work remotely at home, especially for senior or those with chronic illness. Working schedules can be adjusted to minimize the travelling for employees from areas with high COVID-19 rates. It is highly recommended to vaccinate employees and eligible family members.
For international entities with thousands of employees and contractors, the workforce is from multiple countries. The diversification of nationality, age, educational background and working experience can create challenges for workforce management. The optimal result for entities is to minimize the extent to which employee is negatively impacted by pandemic, while meeting the business target. Zero employee fatalities caused by COVID-19 and retaining key personnel are the ultimate goals of workforce management during pandemic. During lockdown, staff might continue their career development through e-learning. The workforce could also take online assessments to renew work licenses or maintain job accreditation. Gathering and face-to-face meetings are to be replaced by video conferences. If approval is obtained, employees and eligible family members should have the option to take the COVID-19 vaccination. Due to successful planning, labor cost can be within the budget, and might generate cost savings due to reduced travelling. Due to controlling spread of the virus largely benefited from workforce management, the entity can successfully pass the COVID-19 Compliance Audit conducted by business line, corporate or local government agency.
Entity should proactively respond to COVID-19 pandemic by providing support to workforce using developed tools and resources. In addition, mental health is treated equally as important as physical well-being. Furthermore, work style is retuned to recognize that virtual meeting and working from home could be successful and productive. Therefore, the workforce is always fully revitalized and the duty of producing never ceases in pandemic.
Vertical Fracture Monitoring by Multi-Rate Through-Barrier Diagnostics
Authors: Yeleussinov Doszhan , Assangaliyev Arman , Ospanova Assel , Nagimov Vener , Kirpichikova Elena , Makashev Azamat 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing has been demonstrated to be a cost-effective method of developing low-permeability heterogeneous clastic reservoirs with vertical wells. In the presence of a thin shale layer as a seal, monitoring effective fracture height becomes extremely important. The conventional approach of a single-regime production logging may be ineffective due to the complex geometry of fluid flow in the near-wellbore zone around the well. The paper describes the experience of the multi-rate through barrier diagnostics as a method of improving hydraulic fracturing evaluation. The standard way to diagnose the effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing is to log a survey under current operating conditions. In general, temperature and passive spectral acoustic measurements provide useful information on identifying the boundaries of fluid movement behind production casing; however, it is difficult to determine if flow occurs in the vertical hydraulic fracture or channeling through damaged cement in a single-regime survey. The multi-rate through-barrier diagnostics allow analyzing the flow dynamics of the wellbore-fracture-formation system under different flowing regimes, enabling a more accurate assessment of fluid movement in the near-wellbore environment within several meters. The paper includes the results of the multi-rate logging survey campaign in vertical water injection wells drilled in a low-permeability clastic reservoir. A proppant-based hydraulic fracturing of the target formation was carried out in the wells. The geological structure of the developed reservoir includes a thin shale layer (break) that separates the target oil-saturated interval from the overlying water bearing reservoir. In order for the operator to optimize future stimulation programs identification of effective hydraulic fracture height in reservoir regions with different shale thicknesses is crucial. The upper boundaries of the injected fluid movement behind the casing were determined based on the survey results. Analysis of the acoustic and temperature field dynamics helped more reliably evaluate the nature of the fluid movement behind the casing, whether flow happens in vertical fracture or cement channeling. This results in a more precise quantitative assessment of the injection profile in the targeted and untargeted reservoir units.
Identification of Viruses Infecting Cigar and Flue-cured Tobacco Using Next Generation Sequencing and Establishment of Multiplex RT-PCR
Authors: Zhou Tao , Zhou Shidong , Chen Yong , Wang Jun , Zhang Ruina , Xiang Huan , Xia Zihao , An Mengnan , Zhao Xiuxiang , Wu Yuanhua 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Early, precise and simultaneous identification of the plant viruses is of great significance on preventing the spread of the viruses as well as reducing losses on agricultural yield. In this study, identification of plant viruses from symptomatic samples collected from cigar tobacco planting area in Deyang and flue-cured tobacco planting area in Luzhou city of Sichuan Province China was conducted by the deep sequencing of small RNAs (sRNAs) through an Illumina sequencing platform and plant virus specific contigs were generated based on the virus derived siRNA sequences. Additionally, sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis was performed to determine the species or strains of these viruses. A total of 27930450, 21537662 and 28194021 clean reads were generated from three pooled samples with a total of 105 contigs being mapped to the closest plant viruses with the length range from 34~1720 nt. The results indicated that the major viruses were potato virus Y (PVY), Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV), tobacco vein banding mosaic virus (TVBMV), tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Subsequently, a fast and sensitive multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was developed for the simultaneous detection of the most frequent RNA viruses infecting cigar and flue-cured tobacco in Sichuan. These results provide theoretical basis and convenient methods for rapid detection and control of viruses on cigar and flue-cured tobacco.
Red Imported Fire Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Cover the Insecticide-Treated Surfaces with Particles to Reduce Contact Toxicity
Authors: Wen Chao , Sheng Liming , Chen Jian , Zhang Jianlong , Feng Ying , Wang Zhong , Chen Xuan , Cai Jiacheng , Wang Lei , He Yinghao , Wen Xiujun , Ma Tao , Wang Cai 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Surface treatment is commonly used in controlling the red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta Buren. In the present study, the behavioral responses of S. invicta workers to surfaces treated with insecticides were investigated. Toxicological tests showed that beta-cypermethrin had the highest contact toxicity (with the lowest LC50 value) among nine tested insecticides, followed by thiamethoxam, fipronil, indoxacarb, chlorfenapyr, rotenone, spinetoram, avermectin, and chlorantraniliprole. In the laboratory, surfaces treated beta-cypermethrin or rotenone significantly reduced the number of foraging ants. In addition, S. invicta workers transported significantly more particles (measured in weight and/or covered area) onto surfaces treated with fipronil (50, 500, and 5000 ppm), rotenone (5000 ppm), or avermectin (5000 ppm) compared with the controls. Similarly, these insecticides significantly triggered the particle-covering behavior of ants in the field. We hypothesized that such behaviors would reduce the contact toxicity of insecticides against S. invicta. When the surfaces treated with fipronil or rotenone (500 or 5000 ppm) were artificiality covered with particles, S. invicta had significantly higher LT50 values compared with insecticide-treated surfaces without particles. This study provides the first evidence that S. invicta workers can perform particle-covering behavior to reduce the toxicity of certain insecticides, which constitutes a unique insecticide-resistance strategy in ants.
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) protect against hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia-induced heart failure by inhibiting autophagy-related apoptosis
Authors: Xu Xu , Tao Lingyun , zhou Jie , Ni Jing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a type of seed cell, are expected to improve impaired diabetic cardiac function. Inflammation and autophagy play an important role in the development of metabolic disorder-induced heart failure. The aim of this work was to assess the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) on metabolic disorder-induced heart failure and the underlying mechanisms.
Methods

Eight weeks old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: normal chow mice (NC group), high-fat diet-fed and streptozotocin-treated mice (HFD+STZ group) and mice administered with ADMSCs-once per week for 3 months after the mice were treated with HFD+STZ (ADMSCs+HFD+STZ group). Once a week lipid and glucose levels were measured and echocardiography was performed. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the adhesion of macrophages in heart tissue in all three groups. Inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (CXCL-15) were measured by western blot or RT-qPCR. In vitro, H9c2 cardiomyocytes were stimulated by 33mM glucose in the presence or absence of IL-1β. Transmission electron microscopy, mRFG-GFP-LC3 assays and flow cytometry were used to investigate autophagy-related apoptosis in H9c2 cells.
Results

HFD+STZ treated mice presented significant cardiac hypertrophy, body weight loss, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. However, these changes were remarkably reversed by the administration of ADMSCs. The administration of ADMSCs also remits histological alterations and deposition of collagen in the heart tissue. Furthermore, ADMSCs downregulated the adhesion of macrophages in heart tissue. More importantly, IL-1β from macrophages increased the autophagy of myocardial cells stimulated with high glucose, which eventually led to apoptosis and cardiac dysfunction.
Conclusions

This study confirmed that ADMSCs may have potential for use in improving cardiac function by restraining autophagy and apoptosis of myocardial cells. We also identified the roles of the IL-1β in hyperglycemia- and hyperlipidemia-induced cardiac injuries, which may be a key factor for diabetic complications.