bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coordinated fuzzy logic‐based virtual inertia controller and frequency relay scheme for reliable operation of low‐inertia power system
Authors: Said Sayed M. , Aly Mokhtar , Hartmann Bálint , Mohamed Emad A. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractCoordination between protection and control devices is crucial for maintaining continuous operation of power systems. Existing strategies suffer from improper coordination of control and protection devices. Moreover, high penetration levels of renewable energy sources result in lowering the overall power system inertia. Therefore, this paper presents a robust fuzzy‐logic control (FLC) method for superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) in low inertia power systems. The new proposed FLC enables robust and wide operating range for SMES compared to the widely employed controllers. The proposed FLC method and load frequency control are coordinated to emulate virtual inertia. In addition, a cooperate coordination between frequency relay and proposed controller is preserved to maintain reliable operation of low inertia power systems. To prove the effectiveness of proposed coordination strategy, it has been tested with considering different load and renewable energy sources (RESs) disturbances with varying inertia level of the selected case study. The results demonstrate that the proposed FLC method can achieve robust SMES operation as virtual inertia controller (VIC) at wide operating range. Moreover, cooperative operation of VIC and frequency protection is preserved using the proposed coordination strategy. The power system availability, frequency regulation, and dynamic stability are improved using the proposed method.
Analysis of an interleaved control scheme employed in split source inverter based grid‐tied photovoltaic systems
Authors: Nannam Hari Charan , Banerjee Atanu , Guerrero Josep M. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn conventional grid‐tied renewable energy applications, the dc–dc converter is inevitable. An increased cost, size, and reduced efficiency are the demerits of incorporating a dc–dc converter. A recently introduced split source inverter (SSI) is capable to perform both dc–dc as well as dcac at a time. The main attractive controllable feature of SSI is its modulation index. By utilizing this parameter, an interleaved control structure is proposed for the SSI in grid‐tied photovoltaic applications. The main objectives of the work are to track peak power and to maintain a stabilized voltage across the dc‐link capacitor at a variable load and grid disturbances. The proposed peak power controller performs two important actions: (i) the peak power is traced at all irradiance and (ii) generates a duty cycle to enhance the dc‐link capacitor voltage. The proposed scheme is essentially investigated with simulation. To validate experimentally, a 1 KW photovoltaic system is integrated into a grid‐tied 10 kVA SSI prototype. A Xilinx based Spartan field‐programmable gate array (FPGA) is used to provide a control algorithm for the SSI. Few case studies at different conditions are performed and investigated. Experimental and simulation results are presented to prove the robustness of the control strategy.
Reduced sensor operation and power quality improvement in grid‐tied doubly fed induction generator using composite and twin frequency generalised integrators
Authors: Das Souvik , Puchalapalli Sambasivaiah , Singh Bhim 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis study presents a strategy involving a reduction in the stator current sensor count for control of power converters, in a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)‐based wind energy conversion system (WECS). The reduced sensor vector control scheme is effectively used in lieu of the conventional vector control algorithm during sensor failure without any change in the overall control structure. This keeps the system operational in case of sensor failure. The reduced sensor scheme necessitates precise estimation of stator flux amplitude and an orientation angle, for control of power converters under all operating conditions. A composite generalised integrator phase‐locked loop is presented to estimate accurately the stator flux amplitude and orientation angle, even at operating system irregularities such as unbalanced voltages, lower‐order harmonics in the grid voltage, DC bias in sensing circuitry, and so forth, which otherwise lead to distortions in flux and orientation angle. The grid‐side converter control is based on a twin frequency improved second‐order generalised integrator. It enables fast and accurate power quality improvement in DFIG‐based WECS during load and grid abnormalities. A laboratory prototype is developed to validate the control of the system.
A range error reduction technique for positioning applications in sports
Authors: Waqar Adnan , Ahmad Iftekhar , Habibi Daryoush , Phung Quoc Viet 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn recent times, ultra‐wideband (UWB)‐based positioning systems have become popular in sport performance monitoring. UWB positioning system uses time of arrival to calculate the range data between devices (i.e. anchors, tags), and then use trilateration algorithms to estimate position coordinates. In practical applications, non‐line‐of‐sight transmissions and multipath propagations lead to inaccurate range data and lower positioning accuracy. This paper introduces a range error minimisation algorithm to address this limitation of error in range data in UWB‐based positioning system. The proposed solution analyses the range error for each anchor and sequentially reduces this error based on the distance between each anchor and the tag. This ultimately contributes to higher positioning accuracies. The authors implemented the proposed algorithm in a hardware test‐bed, evaluating the positioning accuracy for an indoor sport. The proposed algorithm outperforms both the trilateration algorithm and a commercially used positioning algorithm by up to 50% and 25%, respectively.
Characterizing the dust content of disk substructures in TW Hydrae
Authors: Macías E. , Guerra-Alvarado O. , Carrasco-González C. , Ribas Á. , Espaillat C. C. , Huang J. , Andrews S. M. 
Published: February 2021

Context. A key piece of information to understand the origin and role of protoplanetary disk substructures is their dust content. In particular, disk substructures associated with gas pressure bumps can work as dust traps, accumulating grains and reaching the necessary conditions to trigger the streaming instability.
Aims. In order to shed some light on the origin and role that disk substructures play in planet formation, we aim to characterize the dust content of substructures in the disk of TW Hya.
Methods. We present Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) observations of TW Hya at 3.1 mm with ~50 milliarcsecond resolution. These new data were combined with archival high angular resolution ALMA observations at 0.87, 1.3, and 2.1 mm. We analyze these multiwavelength data to infer a disk radial profile of the dust surface density, maximum particle size, and slope of the particle size distribution.
Results. Most previously known annular substructures in the disk of TW Hya are resolved at the four wavelengths. Inside the inner 3 au cavity, the 2.1 and 3.1 mm images show a compact source of free–free emission, likely associated with an ionized jet. Our multiwavelength analysis of the dust emission shows that the maximum particle size in the disk of TW Hya is >1 mm. The inner 20 au are completely optically thick at all four bands, which results in the data tracing different disk heights at different wavelengths. Coupled with the effects of dust settling, this prevents the derivation of accurate density and grain size estimates in these regions. At r > 20 au, we find evidence of the accumulation of large dust particles at the position of the bright rings, indicating that these are working as dust traps. The total dust mass in the disk is between 250 and 330 M⊕, which represents a gas-to-dust mass ratio between 50 and 70. Our mass measurement is a factor of 4.5–5.9 higher than the mass that one would estimate using the typical assumptions of large demographic surveys.
Conclusions. Our results indicate that the ring substructures in TW Hya are ideal locations to trigger the streaming instability and form new generations of planetesimals.
Towards a more complete sample of binary central stars of planetary nebulae with Gaia
Authors: Chornay N. , Walton N. A. , Jones D. , Boffin H. M. J. , Rejkuba M. , Wesson R. 
Published: February 2021

Context. Many if not most planetary nebulae (PNe) are now thought to be the outcome of binary evolutionary scenarios. However, only a few percent of the PNe in the Milky Way are known to host binary systems. The high-precision repeated observing and long time baseline of Gaia make it well suited for detecting new close binaries through photometric variability.
Aims. We aim to find new close binary central stars of PNe (CSPNe) using data from the Gaia mission, building towards a statistically significant sample of post-common envelope, close binary CSPNe.
Methods. As the vast majority of Gaia sources do not have published epoch photometry, we used the uncertainty in the mean photometry as a proxy for determining the variability of our CSPN sample in the second Gaia data release. We derived a quantity that expresses the significance of the variability, and considered what is necessary to build a clean sample of genuine variable sources.
Results. Our selection recovers a large fraction of the known close binary CSPN population, while other CSPNe lying in the same region of the parameter space represent a promising set of targets for ground-based confirmatory follow-up observations. Gaia epoch photometry for four of the newly identified variable sources confirms that the variability is genuine and consistent with binarity.
Electrocardiographic Changes in Male and Female Amateur Marathon Runners: A Comparison Study
Authors: Lasocka Zofia , Dąbrowska-Kugacka Alicja , Kaleta Anna Maria , Lewicka-Potocka Zuzanna , Faran Anna , Szołkiewicz Ewa , Przybyłowski Krystian , Szołkiewicz Alicja , Daniluk Paulina , Raczak Grzegorz , Lewicka Ewa 
Published: February 2021

AbstractPhysical training is gaining popularity among amateurs. Males and females exhibit different cardiac adaptation to exercise. The aim of the study was to compare the incidence of electrocardiographic abnormalities before and after the marathon between sexes. 12-lead electrocardiogram was performed in 40 male (39±8 years) and 27 female (40±7 years) amateur runners: 2–3 weeks before (Stage 1) and immediately after (Stage 2) the marathon. Abnormalities in the resting (Stage 1) and exercise (Stage 2) electrocardiograms were compared between sexes. At rest left atrial enlargement was more frequent in females than males (48 vs. 20%; p<0.05). The incidence of right atrial enlargement was significantly more common at Stage 2 than 1, both in men (43 vs. 0%; p<0.001) and in women (48 vs. 4%; p=0.001). Significant increase of P-wave amplitude was found in male runners after the marathon (0.12±0.05 vs. 0.21±0.09 mV; p<0.001 Stage 1 vs. 2), but was absent in females. QTc prolongation was observed in both sexes, however to a higher degree in males (p<0.05 for the interaction stage and sex). Although both male and female amateur marathon runners exhibit abnormalities in resting and exercise electrocardiograms, men present more exercise-induced electrocardiographic changes, which might indicate a higher propensity for post-marathon arrhythmias. Electrocardiographic screening in amateurs should be considered.
No Association of Plantar Aponeurosis Stiffness with Medial Longitudinal Arch Stiffness
Authors: Noro Hiroaki , Miyamoto Naokazu , Mitsukawa Naotoshi , Yanagiya Toshio 
Published: February 2021

AbstractLower stiffness of the medial longitudinal arch is reportedly a risk factor for lower leg disorders. The plantar aponeurosis is considered essential to maintaining the medial longitudinal arch. It is therefore expected that medial longitudinal arch stiffness is influenced by plantar aponeurosis stiffness. However, this has not been experimentally demonstrated. We examined the relationship between the plantar aponeurosis stiffness and medial longitudinal arch stiffness in humans in vivo. Thirty young subjects participated in this study. The navicular height and shear wave velocity (an index of stiffness) of the plantar aponeurosis were measured in supine and single-leg standing positions, using B-mode ultrasonography and shear wave elastography, respectively. The medial longitudinal arch stiffness was calculated based on body weight, foot length, and the difference in navicular height between the supine and single-leg standing conditions (i. e., navicular drop). Shear wave velocity of the plantar aponeurosis in the supine and single-leg standing positions was not significantly correlated to medial longitudinal arch stiffness (spine: r=−0.14, P=0.45 standing: r=−0.16, P=0.41). The findings suggest that the medial longitudinal arch stiffness would be strongly influenced by the stiffness of foot structures other than the plantar aponeurosis.
Synthesis of Multibromo-Substituted Quinolines by NBS-Mediated Cascade Electrophilic Bromination/Cyclization of N-(3-Phenylprop-2-ynyl)anilines
Authors: Yang Ruchun , Xiao Qiang , Deng Si , Ouyang Wenliang , Bai Jiang , Song Xian-Rong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractA new and convenient protocol is presented here for the synthesis of 3,6,8-tribromoquinolines via cascade cyclization of N-(3-phenylprop-2-ynyl)anilines employing N-bromosuccinimide as an electrophile. The metal-free process is carried out under mild conditions and is compatible with a variety of substituents. The Sonogashira coupling reaction regioselectively occurs at position C-6 of the obtained products.
Beware of Nihilism: Favorable Outcome despite Poor Admission Status in Posterior Circulation Aneurysms after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Brawanski Nina , Kashefiolasl Sepide , Won Sae-Yeon , Berkefeld Joachim , Hattingen Elke , Senft Christian , Seifert Volker , Konczalla Juergen 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective As shown in a previous study, aneurysm location seems to influence prognosis in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We compared patients with ruptured aneurysms of anterior and posterior circulation, undergoing coil embolization, concerning differences in outcome and prognostic factors.
Methods Patients with SAH were entered into a prospectively collected database. We retrospectively identified 307 patients with aneurysms of the anterior circulation (anterior cerebral artery, carotid bifurcation, and middle cerebral artery) and 244 patients with aneurysms of the posterior circulation (aneurysms of the basilar artery, posterior inferior cerebellar artery, posterior communicating artery and posterior cerebral artery). All patients underwent coil embolization. The outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS; favorable [mRS 0–2] vs. unfavorable [mRS 3–6]) 6 months after SAH.
Results In interventionally treated aneurysms of the anterior and posterior circulation, statistically significant risk factors for poor outcome were worse admission status and severe cerebral vasospasm. If compared with patients with ruptured aneurysms of the anterior circulation, patients with aneurysms of the posterior circulation had a significantly poorer admission status, and suffered significantly more often from an early hydrocephalus. Nonetheless, there were no differences in outcome or mortality rate between the two patient groups.
Conclusion Patients with a ruptured aneurysm of the posterior circulation suffer more often from an early hydrocephalus and have a significantly worse admission status, possibly related to the untreated hydrocephalus. Nonetheless, the outcome and the mortality rate were comparable between ruptured anterior and posterior circulation aneurysms, treated by coil embolisation. Therefore, despite the poorer admission status of patients with ruptured posterior circulation aneurysms, treatment of these patients should be considered.
Accuracy and Feasibility Analysis of SEEG Electrode Implantation using the VarioGuide Frameless Navigation System in Patients with Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
Authors: Song Shiwei , Dai Yihai , Chen Zhen , Shi Songsheng 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Objective The objective of the study was to evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of frameless stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) electrode implantation in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy using the VarioGuide system.
Methods The VarioGuide frameless navigation system was used to implant SEEG electrodes in patients with medically drug-resistant epilepsy. Demographic data, surgery duration, number of electrodes, and complications were retrospectively analyzed. Accuracy was compared by measuring the distance between the planned and actual electrode positions as determined by postoperative computed tomography images.
Results A total of 141 SEEG electrodes were implanted in 19 patients from May 2015 to December 2018 with an average of 7.42 (range: 4–10) leads per patient. The average entry point localization error (EPLE) was 1.96 ± 0.47 mm (range: 0.32–3.29) and average target point localization error (TPLE) was 2.47 ± 0.79 mm (range: 0.72–4.83). The average operating time per lead (OTPL) was 14.16 ± 2.68 minutes (range: 8.64–21.58). No complications occurred.
Conclusion The VarioGuide frameless navigation system can be an effective method for SEEG electrode implantation in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, particularly when the electrodes are concentrated in a relatively small region and the number of implanted electrodes is small.
Pathological Spectrum of Dura-Based Nonmeningothelial Lesions: 5 Years' Experience from a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Rao Shilpa , Chandran Chitra , Konar Subhas , Mahadevan Anita , Santosh Vani , Nandeesh B N. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Introduction Nonmeningothelial lesions arising from the dura comprise a wide spectrum of pathologies ranging from neoplastic to infective etiologies. They have overlapping clinical and radiologic findings necessitating histopathological evaluation for the final diagnosis which in turn dictates management and prognosis. Therapeutic strategies are different for each of the lesion. There is scarcity of large case series detailing clinicopathological spectrum of dura-based nonmeningothelial lesions.
Materials and Methods In this study, we analyzed the neuropathological spectrum of dura-based nonmeningothelial lesions diagnosed over a period of 5 years in our tertiary care center.
Results There were 79 cases of dura-based nonmeningothelial lesions constituting 7.3% of all dura-based lesions (age range: 2–75 years; M:F = 2:3). Basal region was more frequently involved than the convexities. On histopathology, neoplastic lesions predominated (92.4%) and included in order of frequency solitary fibrous tumor/hemangiopericytoma (35.6%), gliomas (27.4%), metastasis (27.4%), mesenchymal tumors (4%), primitive neuroectodermal tumor (2.73%), and medulloblastoma (2.73%). Infective lesions were less frequent (7.6%), included fungal infections and Rosai-Dorfman disease.
Conclusion Awareness of the spectrum of nonmeningothelial dural lesions is useful for pathologists as well as the treating surgeon.
A Rare Case of Pulmonary Restrictive Syndrome after Liquid Silicone Injection: The Role of the Plastic Surgeon
Authors: Bonfirraro Pier Paolo , Sallam Davide , Verga Maurizio , Righi Bernardo , Mevio Gabriele , Codazzi Denis , Leone Francesco , Carminati Marcello 
Published: February 2021

AbstractDespite being especially used in its solid form, silicone is still injected as a liquid filler for breast contouring in many countries. Here, we present a rare case of a woman with silicone pneumonitis and extended breast scarring after breast silicone injection. Because of evidence of a restrictive syndrome due to the thoracic extensive scarring tissue and the high demand of oxygen therapy, as jointly agreed with the pulmonologists, we decided to perform a surgical asportation of the scarring tissue and covering with microsurgical flap. We chose the deep inferior epigastric perforator flap mainly because of the large amount of skin that is possible to use, the good skin texture matching, and the possibility of double team working without changing patient’s position.
Psychiatric Assessment and Management of Clients Undergoing Cosmetic Surgery: Overview and Need for an Integrated Approach
Authors: Bascarane Sharmi , Kuppili Pooja P. , Menon Vikas 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Psychiatric disorders are more common among people undergoing cosmetic procedures than the general population and evaluating mental health can be cumbersome for plastic surgeons. We aim to summarize the available literature in this regard and propose an integrated approach to psychiatric assessment and management of mental health issues among this group.
Methods Electronic search of MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and PsycINFO databases was done to identify relevant peer-reviewed English language articles from inception till April 2020. Generated abstracts were screened for their eligibility. Included articles were grouped according to their thematic focus under the following headings; prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among clients posted for cosmetic surgery, assessment tools, and management of psychiatric morbidity in relation to undergoing cosmetic surgery.
Results A total of 120 articles were reviewed. The prevalence of psychiatric disorder in patients undergoing cosmetic surgery was 4 to 57% for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD); the corresponding figures for depression, anxiety, and personality disorder were 4.8 to 25.8, 10.8 to 22, and 0 to 53%, respectively. A range of tools have been used to assess these disorders and specific measures are also available to assess clinical outcomes following surgery. Screening for these disorders is essential to prevent unnecessary surgical procedures, as well as to ensure timely management of the psychiatric comorbidity.
Conclusion Psychiatric morbidity is a common concomitant in cosmetic surgery. A structured and integrated approach to evaluation and management of psychiatric morbidity will help to optimize postsurgical outcomes.