bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entanglement dynamics for Unruh-DeWitt detectors interacting with massive scalar fields: the Unruh and anti-Unruh effects
Authors: Zhou Yuebing , Hu Jiawei , Yu Hongwei 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We study, in the framework of open quantum systems, the entanglement dynamics for a quantum system composed of two uniformly accelerated Unruh-Dewitt detectors interacting with a bath of massive scalar fields in the Minkowski vacuum. We find that the entanglement evolution for the quantum system coupled with massive fields is always slower compared with that of the one coupled with massless fields, and this time-delay effect brought about by the field being massive can however be counteracted by a large enough acceleration, in contrast to the case of a static quantum system in a thermal bath, where this time delay is not affected by the temperature. Remarkably, the maximal concurrence of the quantum system generated during evolution may increase with acceleration for any inter-detector separation while that for static ones in a thermal bath decreases monotonically with temperature, and this can be considered as an anti-Unruh effect in terms of the entanglement generated.
Partition functions of p-forms from Harish-Chandra characters
Authors: David Justin R. , Mukherjee Jyotirmoy 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
We show that the determinant of the co-exact p-form on spheres and anti-de Sitter spaces can be written as an integral transform of bulk and edge Harish-Chandra characters. The edge character of a co-exact p-form contains characters of anti-symmetric tensors of rank lower to p all the way to the zero-form. Using this result we evaluate the partition function of p-forms and demonstrate that they obey known properties under Hodge duality. We show that the partition function of conformal forms in even d + 1 dimensions, on hyperbolic cylinders can be written as integral transforms involving only the bulk characters. This supports earlier observations that entanglement entropy evaluated using partition functions on hyperbolic cylinders do not contain contributions from the edge modes. For conformal coupled scalars we demonstrate that the character integral representation of the free energy on hyperbolic cylinders and branched spheres coincide. Finally we propose a character integral representation for the partition function of p-forms on branched spheres.
Bending the Bruhat-Tits tree. Part II. The p-adic BTZ black hole and local diffeomorphism on the Bruhat-Tits tree
Authors: Chen Lin , Liu Xirong , Hung Ling-Yan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In this sequel to [1], we take up a second approach in bending the Bruhat-Tits tree. Inspired by the BTZ black hole connection, we demonstrate that one can transplant it to the Bruhat-Tits tree, at the cost of defining a novel “exponential function” on the p-adic numbers that is hinted by the BT tree. We demonstrate that the PGL(2, Qp) Wilson lines [2] evaluated on this analogue BTZ connection is indeed consistent with correlation functions of a CFT at finite temperatures. We demonstrate that these results match up with the tensor network reconstruction of the p-adic AdS/CFT with a different cutoff surface at the asymptotic boundary, and give explicit coordinate transformations that relate the analogue p-adic BTZ background and the “pure” Bruhat-Tits tree background. This is an interesting demonstration that despite the purported lack of descendents in p-adic CFTs, there exists non-trivial local Weyl transformations in the CFT corresponding to diffeomorphism in the Bruhat-Tits tree.
The novel GCK variant p.Val455Leu associated with hyperinsulinism is susceptible to allosteric activation and is conducive to weight gain and the development of diabetes
Authors: Langer Sara , Waterstradt Rica , Hillebrand Georg , Santer René , Baltrusch Simone 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
The mammalian enzyme glucokinase (GK), expressed predominantly in liver and pancreas, plays an essential role in carbohydrate metabolism. Monogenic GK disorders emphasise the role of GK in determining the blood glucose set point.

Methods
A family with congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) was examined for GCK gene variants by Sanger sequencing. A combined approach, involving kinetic analysis (also using GK activators and inhibitors), intracellular translocation assays, insulin secretion measurements and structural modelling, was used to investigate the novel variant compared with known variants.

Results
We report on the novel gain-of-function GCK variant p.Val455Leu (V455L), inherited as an autosomal dominant trait in a German family with CHI and concomitant obesity (fasting blood glucose 2.1 mmol/l, BMI 45.0 kg/m2, HOMA-IR 1.5 in an adult female family member); one male family member developed type 2 diabetes until age 35 years (with fasting glucose 2.8–3.7 mmol/l, BMI 38.9 kg/m2, HOMA-IR 4.6). Kinetic characterisation of the V455L variant revealed a significant increase in glucose affinity (glucose concentration at which reaction rate is half its maximum rate [S0.5]: mutant 2.4 ± 0.3 mmol/l vs wild-type 7.6 ± 1.0 mmol/l), accompanied by a distinct additive susceptibility to both the endogenous activator fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase and the synthetic allosteric activator RO-28-1675. The effect of RO-28-1675 was more pronounced when compared with the previously known GK variants V455M and V455E. Binding to the inhibitor glucokinase regulatory protein was unimpaired for V455L and V455E but was reduced for V455M, whereas mannoheptulose inhibited all GK variants and the wild-type enzyme. Structural analyses suggested a role for residue 455 in rearrangements between the inactive and active conformations of GK and also in allosteric activation. Comparison with V455M and V455E and an overview of activating GK variants provided a context for the novel sequence aberration in terms of altered GK enzyme characteristics caused by single amino acid changes.

Conclusion/interpretation
We provide new knowledge on the structure–function relationship of GK, with special emphasis on enzyme activation, potentially yielding fresh strategic insights into breaking the vicious circle of fluctuating blood glucose levels and the attendant risk of long-lasting metabolic changes in both CHI and type 2 diabetes.

Graphical abstract
Social factors and the prevalence of social isolation in a population-based adult cohort
Authors: Röhr Susanne , Wittmann Felix , Engel Christoph , Enzenbach Cornelia , Witte A. Veronica , Villringer Arno , Löffler Markus , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Social isolation has negative effects on physical and brain health across the lifespan. However, the prevalence of social isolation, specifically with regard to sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors, is not well known.

Methods
Database was the Leipzig population-based study of adults (LIFE-Adult Study, n = 10,000). The short form of the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6) was used to assess social isolation (cutoff < 12 points). Sampling weights were applied to account for differences in sampling fractions.

Results
Data were available for 9392 study participants; 51.6% were women, the mean age was 45.2 years (SD = 17.3). The prevalence of social isolation was 12.3% (95% CI 11.6–13.0) across ages 18–79 years. Social isolation was more prevalent in men (13.8%, 95% CI 12.8–14.8) compared to women (10.9%, 95% CI 10.0–11.8; $$\chi^{2}$$

χ
2

(1) = 18.83, p < .001), and it showed an increase with increasing age from 5.4% (95% CI 4.7–6.0) in the youngest age group (18–39 years) to 21.7% (95% CI 19.5–24.0) in the oldest age group (70–79 years; $$\chi^{2}$$

χ
2

(4) = 389.51, p < .001). Prevalence differed largely with regard to socioeconomic status (SES); showing lower prevalence in high SES (7.2%, 95% CI 6.0–8.4) and higher prevalence in low SES (18.6%, 95% CI 16.9–20.3; $$\chi^{2}$$

χ
2

(2) = 115.78; p < .001).

Conclusion
More than one in ten individuals in the adult population reported social isolation, and prevalence varied strongly with regard to sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors. Social isolation was particularly frequent in disadvantaged socioeconomic groups. From a public health perspective, effective prevention of and intervention against social isolation should be a desired target as social isolation leads to poor health. Countermeasures should especially take into account the socioeconomic determinants of social isolation, applying a life-course perspective.
Do elections accelerate the COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Palguta Ján , Levínský René , Škoda Samuel 
Published: September 2021

AbstractElections define representative democracies but also produce spikes in physical mobility if voters need to travel to polling places. In this paper, we examine whether large-scale, in-person elections propagate the spread of COVID-19. We exploit a natural experiment from the Czech Republic, which biannually renews mandates in one-third of Senate constituencies that rotate according to the 1995 election law. We show that in the second and third weeks after the 2020 elections (held on October 9–10), new COVID-19 infections grew significantly faster in voting compared to non-voting constituencies. A temporarily related peak in hospital admissions and essentially no changes in test positivity rates suggest that the acceleration was not merely due to increased testing. The acceleration did not occur in the population above 65, consistently with strategic risk-avoidance by older voters. Our results have implications for postal voting reforms or postponing of large-scale, in-person (electoral) events during viral outbreaks.
Food and agriculture in Slavonia, Croatia, during the Late Middle Ages: the archaeobotanical evidence
Authors: Reed Kelly , Smuk Ana , Tkalčec Tatjana , Balen Jacqueline , Mihaljević Marija 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper presents the results from archaeobotanical remains collected from ten medieval settlements and fort sites in the region of present-day Slavonia, Croatia. From the 12th centuryad, Slavonia was part of the Kingdom of Hungary, although the region benefited from a certain amount of autonomy. Examining the archaeobotanical data from this period shows a diverse agricultural system, where crop fields, gardens, orchards, pastures and woodlands were all used to produce a range of cereals, fruits, nuts, vegetables and herbs, as well as fibre plants. The dataset is dominated by cereal remains, especiallyTriticum aestivum/durum(free-threshing wheat),Panicum miliaceum(broomcorn millet) andSecale cereale(rye).Vitis vinifera(grape pips) were the most common fruit recovered, which corresponds with the presence of vineyards and international trade in wine noted in the literature by the late Middle Ages. Also of significance was the recovery ofCannabis sativa(hemp) andLinum usitatissimum(flax), which suggest local cultivation, possibly for linen and hemp fibres, for oil or for medicinal purposes.
Tumour-stroma ratio outperforms tumour budding as biomarker in colon cancer: a cohort study
Authors: Smit Marloes A. , van Pelt Gabi W. , Terpstra Valeska , Putter Hein , Tollenaar Rob A. E. M. , Mesker Wilma E. , van Krieken J. Han J. M. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe tumour-stroma ratio (TSR) and tumour budding (TB) are two high-risk factors with potential to be implemented in the next TNM classification. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the practical application of the two biomarkers based on reproducibility, independency and prognostic value. Patients diagnosed with stage II or III colon cancer who underwent surgery between 2005 and 2016 were included. Both TSR and TB were scored on haematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections. The TSR, based on the relative amount of stroma, was scored in increments of 10%. TB was scored following the consensus guidelines; a bud was defined as ≤ 4 tumour cells. For analysis, three categories were used. Cohen’s kappa was used for reproducibility. The prognostic value was determined with survival analysis. In total, 246 patients were included. The TSR distribution was N = 137 (56%) stroma-low and N = 109 (44%) stroma-high. The TB distribution was TB-low N = 194 (79%), TB-intermediate N = 35 (14%) and TB-high N = 17 (7%). The reproducibility of the TSR was good (interobserver agreement kappa = 0.83 and intraobserver agreement kappa = 0.82), whereas the inter- and intraobserver agreement for scoring TB was moderate (kappa 0.47 and 0.45, respectively). The survival analysis showed an independent prognostic value for disease-free survival for TSR (HR 1.57; 95% CI 1.01–2.44; p = 0.048) and for TB-high (HR 2.01; 95% CI 1.02–3.96; p = 0.043). Based on current results, we suggest the TSR is a more reliable parameter in daily practice due to better reproducibility and independent prognostic value for disease-free survival.
Non-immediate drug hypersensitivity reactions secondary to intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factors
Authors: Moret E. , Ambresin A. , Gianniou C. , Bijon J. , Besse-Hayat C. , Bogiatzi S. , Hohl D. , Spertini F. , Mantel I. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To describe a series of non-immediate drug hypersensitivity reactions after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factors (anti-VEGFs).

Patients and methods
Retrospective report of 6 patients with cutaneous non-immediate drug hypersensitivity reactions following intravitreal anti-VEGF injections, 4 after ranibizumab, 1 after bevacizumab and 1 after aflibercept.

Results
Clinical manifestations ranged from mild maculopapular rash, purpura to severe generalized erythroderma, with or without systemic involvement such as microscopic hematuria and proteinuria or fever. In two out of the six patients, reintroduction of either the same or an alternative anti-VEGF drug did induce a recurrence of the drug hypersensitivity reaction, while 4 patients showed no recurrence.

Conclusion
Cutaneous non-immediate drug hypersensitivity reactions secondary to intravitreal anti-VEGF may occur. Continuation of the same drug or switch to another anti-VEGF may either induce recurrence or be well supported by the patient. The decision of drug discontinuation should be guided by the severity of the disease.
On the appearance of horseshoe chaos in a nonlinear hysteretic systems with negative stiffness
Authors: Youtha Ngouoko O. N. , Nana Nbendjo B. R. , Dorka U. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe problem of inhibition of horseshoe chaos in a nonlinear hysteretic systems using negative stiffness is investigated in this paper. The Bouc–Wen model is used to describe the force produced by both the purely hysteretic and linear elastic springs. The analytical investigation of the Hamiltonian shows that the appearance of separatrix in the system is directly related to the parameters of the hysteretic forces. This means that the transverse intersection between the perturbed and unperturbed separatrix can be controlled according to the shape parameters of the hysteretic model.
Krankheit und Sinn – einige philosophische Unterscheidungen
Authors: Stoecker Ralf 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungIst es sinnvoll, krank zu sein? – Diese seltsam anmutende Frage bietet den Auftakt für eine philosophische Untersuchung, was unter dem Sinn einer Krankheit verstanden werden kann und was das Interessante an diesen Konzeptionen ist. Ausgangspunkt ist die Feststellung, dass der Ausdruck „Sinn“ offenkundig mehrdeutig ist. Man kann damit sprachliche Bedeutung, Zwecke oder Motive meinen. Es kann aber auch um den narrativen Sinn im biographischen Leben oder um das Verhältnis der Krankheit zum Lebenssinn eines Menschen gehen. Gerade die letzten beiden Lesarten erweisen sich als aufschlussreich: die Einbindung der Krankheiten in den Lebenslauf und Krankheiten als Anstoß, sich über das eigene Leben Gedanken zu machen. Krankheiten könnten so den Effekt haben, ein sinnvolleres Leben zu führen, sie könnten uns aber auch die ultimative Sinnlosigkeit unseres Daseins vor Augen führen.
Safety in modular process plants: demonstration of safety concepts
Authors: Pelzer Florian , Klose Anselm , Miesner Jonas , Schmauder Martin , Urbas Leon 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe modularization of process plants addresses the need for flexible production options in the process industry. In order to maintain the advantages of the adaptability of modular plants, an adaptation of established engineering methods and procedures to their dynamic context of use is required. This paper describes the development and the features of a demonstrator, which makes it possible to investigate aspects of modular plant topology, the design of modular process units, and the functional safety of modules and plants. During the engineering of the modules, modular planning principles are applied and evaluated with respect to the requirements for functional safety and with a strong focus on the modification of safety systems through the exchange of PEAs and FEAs. For the design and modification of the safety systems, a safety life cycle, which meets the requirements of modular automation and takes the provisions of IEC 61508 and IEC 61511 into account, is applied. Practical insights into the construction and the implementation of the distributed Safety Instrumented System as well as the Basic Process Control System are described. In addition to the validation of safety concepts related to the interconnection of Safety Instrumented Functions, the demonstrator is used to study human working environments in modular plants.
Bubbles with constant mean curvature, and almost constant mean curvature, in the hyperbolic space
Authors: Cora Gabriele , Musina Roberta 
Published: September 2021

AbstractGiven a constant $$k>1$$

k
>
1

, let Z be the family of round spheres of radius $${{\,\mathrm{artanh}\,}}(k^{-1})$$

artanh

(

k

-
1

)

in the hyperbolic space $${\mathbb {H}}^3$$

H

3

, so that any sphere in Z has mean curvature k. We prove a crucial nondegeneracy result involving the manifold Z. As an application, we provide sufficient conditions on a prescribed function $$\phi $$
ϕ
on $${\mathbb {H}}^3$$

H

3

, which ensure the existence of a $$\mathcal{C}^1$$

C

1

-curve, parametrized by $$\varepsilon \approx 0$$

ε
≈
0

, of embedded spheres in $${\mathbb {H}}^3$$

H

3

having mean curvature $$k +\varepsilon \phi $$

k
+
ε
ϕ

at each point.
Das Offene Technologielabor—The Great Good Place der Kommunalentwicklung?
Authors: Schabasser Helene , Fischer Tatjana , Stöglehner Gernot 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Offene Technologielabor (Otelo) ist ein themenoffenes Treffpunktkonzept, welches gemäß dem Konzept nach Oldenburg (1989) den Dritten Orten zugeordnet werden kann. Die Besonderheit des Otelo-Konzepts liegt darin, dass es die Förderung von Innovation und Kreativwirtschaft in ländlichen Gemeinden und deren zukunftsfähige wirtschaftliche und soziale Entwicklung zum Ziel hat. Otelo wird seit 2010 auf Vereinsbasis und vorwiegend in Österreich umgesetzt. Bisher wurde jedoch noch nicht empirisch erfasst, welche Rolle die Offenen Technologielabore – und somit der Einsatz des Konzepts der Dritten Orte – für die kommunale Entwicklung einnehmen können und in welchem räumlichen Kontext Otelo-Aktivitäten eingebettet sind. Die vorliegende Betrachtung zu 2 Zeitpunkten (Januar 2016 und September 2019) zeigt, dass Otelo sich vor allem zur Erweiterung des kommunalen Kultur- und Erholungsangebots, zur Standortaufwertung sowie zur Förderung von Initiativen, welche einem auf Wachstum fokussierten Wirtschaftssystem Alternativen einzubringen versuchen, eignet. In seiner Umsetzung hat sich gezeigt, dass sich Otelo vor allem in urbanen und regionalen Zentren sowie ländlichen Gemeinden im Umland von Zentren bewährt. Während Dritte Orte bisher vor allem im Kontext der Privatwirtschaft beschrieben wurden, bietet dieser Beitrag Orientierung zur Eignung und zu den Limitationen der Anwendung dieses Konzepts in der Kommunalentwicklung.
Drittschutz beim Vollzug von Raumordnungsplänen?
Authors: Kümper Boas 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungUm einen Verstoß gegen raumordnungsrechtliche Vorgaben auszuschließen, kann die Aufstellung
von Bauleitplänen, Regionalplänen und Fachplänen sowie die Zulassung raumbedeutsamer Vorhaben
eine Abweichung von den Zielen der Raumordnung nach 6 Abs. 2 ROG erfordern. Der Beitrag untersucht, inwieweit
die Zulassung einer Zielabweichung von Umweltschutzvereinigungen, Gemeinden und weiteren öffentlichen
Stellen sowie privaten Dritten gerichtlich angegriffen werden kann.
Tackling the frailty burden with an integrative value-based approach: results from a mixed-methods study
Authors: Fürstenau Daniel , Haneke Hannah , Spies Claudia , Walz Tim , Schewina Kai , Höft Moritz , Mörgeli Rudolf , Balzer Felix 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Aim
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the implementation of value-based care principles in the context of frailty in the perioperative process, highlighting the importance of an integrative perspective considering medical and patient-centric outcomes as well as costs.

Subject and methods
This mixed-methods study employs a sequential design. Qualitative observational data were used to identify needs and barriers for implementing value-based principles, and quantitative methods were subsequently used to demonstrate the value of employing such an approach using data gathered from n = 952 patients. Propensity score matching was applied to identify the frailty-associated costs of the inpatient setting for n = 381 non-frail and n = 381 (pre-)frail patients, in particular considering patient-centric outcomes.

Results
The qualitative analysis identified three main challenges when implementing value-based principles in the context of perioperative care and frailty, namely challenges related to the cost, patient-centric, and integrative perspectives. In addressing these shortcomings, a quantitative analysis of a propensity score-matched sample of patients undergoing surgery shows additional frailty-associated costs of 3583.01 [1654.92; 5511.04] EUR for (pre-)frail patients and the influence of individual patient-centric attributes. Effect size Cohen’s d was 0.26.

Conclusion
The results demonstrate that frailty should be considered from an integrative perspective, taking cost, patient-centered outcomes, and medical outcomes into account simultaneously. The results also show the value of a research design which uses qualitative data for the identification of needs and barriers, as well as quantitative data for demonstrating the usefulness of the conceived value-based approach to perioperative care delivery.
Knowledge transfer to industry: how academic researchers learn to become boundary spanners during academic engagement
Authors: Dolmans S. A. M. , Walrave B. , Read S. , van Stijn N. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractResearch on academic engagement and technology transfer or commercialization offers important insights into the relationship between characteristics, activities and abilities of individual academic researchers, with outcomes such as successful technology transfer and commercialization. In particular, the activity of boundary spanning proves central in the successful transfer and commercialization of university developed technologies. However, the process by which academic researchers become boundary spanners remains relatively unexplored. This investigation serves to shed new light on the matter. We draw on an in-depth case study of a large European publicly funded initiative, directed to stimulate industry adoption of a university-developed technology across Europe. Our rich dataset is a result of following the project from start to finish, triangulating from multiple sources over a three-year period. Our analyses offer novel insight into the role of perspective taking as a mechanism both enabling academics to understand knowledge boundaries faced during engagement activities and a critical input to developing and improving boundary spanning abilities. Our findings offer important implications for research on academic engagement and technology commercialization.