bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Progression- Free Survival in Patients with Early-Stage Testicular Germ Cell Tumor
Authors: Chen Jin-Guo , Wang Jing-Quan , Peng Tian-Wen , Chen Zhe-Sheng , Zhao Shan-Chao 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Testicular Germ Cell Tumor (TGCT) is the most common malignant tumor
in young men, but there is a lack of a prediction model to evaluate the prognosis of patients
with TGCT.

Objective:
To explore the prognostic factors for Progression-Free Survival (PFS) and construct a
nomogram model for patients with early-stage TGCT after radical orchiectomy.

Methods:
Patients with TGCT from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were used as the
training cohort; univariate and multivariate cox analysis was performed. A nomogram was constructed
based on the independent prognostic factors. Patients from the Nanfang Hospital affiliated
with Southern Medical University were used as the cohort to validate the predictive ability using
the nomogram model. Harrell's concordance index (C-index) and calibration plots were used to
evaluate the nomogram.

Results:
A total of 110 and 62 patients with TGCT were included in the training cohort and validation
cohort, respectively. Lymphatic Vascular Invasion (LVI), American Joint Committee on Cancer
(AJCC) stage and adjuvant therapy were independent prognostic factors in multivariate regression
analyses and were included to establish a nomogram. The C-index in the training cohort for 1-
, 3-, and 5-year PFS were 0.768, 0.74, and 0.689, respectively. While the C-index for 1-, 3-, and 5-
year PFS in the external validation cohort were 0.853, 0.663 and 0.609, respectively. The calibration
plots for 1-, 3-, and 5-year PFS in the training and validation cohort showed satisfactory consistency
between predicted and actual outcomes. The nomogram revealed a better predictive ability
for PFS than AJCC staging system.

Conclusion:
The nomogram as a simple and visual tool to predict individual PFS in patients with
TGCT could guide clinicians and clinical pharmacists in therapeutic strategy.
The Anti-Tumor Mechanism and Target of Triptolide Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Zou Tao , Huang Yuanqiong , Hu Yifan , Wu Mingyu , Zhao Yueshui , Du Fukuan , Li Mingxing , Wu Xu , Ji Huijioa , Kaboli Parham Jabbarzadeh , Wang Shurong , Xiao Zhangang , Wu Zhigui 
Published: February 2021

Background:
According to the special physiological and pharmacological activities of
natural compounds, many drugs with special therapeutic effects have been developed. The Triptolide
(TP) is a natural anti-tumor drug with a world patent, but its target and mechanism are yet unknown.

Objective:
The study aims to explore and predict the target and mechanism of TP on Non-Small
Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), Pancreatic Cancer (PC) and Colorectal Cancer (CC) through network
pharmacology technology.

Methods:
We screened the core targets of TP with NSCLC, PC and CC, respectively, and carried
out network analysis, enrichment analysis and ligand-receptor docking to clarify its potential pharmacological
mechanism.

Results:
By screening the core genes between TP with NSCLC, PC and CC, respectively, it was
found that PTGS2 was the common target gene in the three cancers. NSCLC, CCL2, IL6, HMOX1
and COL1A1 are the specific target genes, while MMP2, JUN, and CXCL8 are the specific target
genes in PC. In CC, the specific target genes includeERBB2, VEGFA, STAT1 and MAPK8. In enrichment
analysis, it was found that the NF- κB, toll-like receptors and IL-17 signaling pathway
were mainly involved in TP for these cancers. The binding energy of TP to the core target is less
than that of cyclophosphamide.

Conclusions:
This study preliminarily revealed that TP may prevent and treat cancers\ through multiple
targets and pathways. The possible mechanisms of TP include regulating immune and inflammatory
responses, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting tumor development. It shows that TP may
have potential in treating kinds of tumors.
Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 5 is Correlated with Progression in Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Xia Erjie , Hu Wenjing , Bhandari Adheesh , Sindan Namita , Huang Duping 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Breast cancer (BC) is increasingly becoming the primary reason for death in women, which sounded the alarm. Thus, finding a novel management target for BC is imminent.

Methods:
The data of gene expression and clinicopathological characteristics were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The expression of nuclear receptor co-activator 5 (NCOA5) in 35 paired breast cancer and adjacent tissues were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Univariate and Multivariate logistic regression methodology was applied to analyze the prognostic factors for lymph node metastasis (LNM). Based on the status of breast cancer-relative receptors, patients were distributed in six groups, then the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis with log-rank test was applied to investigate the involvement among the expression of NCOA5 and overall survival (OS).

Results:
The expression of NCOA5 in BC was greater than normal tissues when comparing the data from TCGA.
This result had also been verified in our local cohort. The expression of NCOA5 was closely related to LNM,
Estrogen receptor (ER) status and progesterone receptor (PR) status. The consequence of Multivariate logistic
regression analysis showed that the expression of NCOA5, tumor size, ER status and clinical stage was
significantly associated with LN. Moreover, subgroup analyses showed that high expression of NCOA5 is an
independent risk factor for OS in patients who were in ER (+) or PR (+) or maybe human epidermal growth
factor receptor-2(Her-2) positive status.

Conclusion:
NCOA5 was significantly correlated with LNM in BC. Meanwhile, the expression of NOCA5 could
predict the OS time, especially in breast cancer patients whose status of hormone receptor was positive. NCOA5
may act as a promising treatment target to shortening the treatment period and improving the prognosis of ER (+)
breast cancer.
Dantrolene Potentiates the Antineoplastic Effect of Sorafenib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Targeting Ca+2/PI3K Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zakaria Sherin , Ansary Abeer , Abdel-Hamid Nabil M. , El-Shishtawy Mamdouh M. 
Published: February 2021

Background:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the 6th prevalent cancer and the 4th
leading cause of cancer-related deaths all over the world. A major challenge for sorafenib, the standard
chemotherapeutic agent in HCC treatment, is the chemo-resistance.

Objective:
This study was conducted to evaluate the role of dantrolene as a possible antineoplastic
agent in HCC, and in chemo-sensitization of sorafenib via targeting Ca+2/PI3K pathway.

Methods:
HCC was induced in rats using a single dose of diethylnitrosamine (DENA) (200 mg/kg,
ip), followed by phenobarbital sodium (0.05%) in drinking water for 18 weeks. At the end of the
18th week, rats were allocated into 4 groups (10 rats/each), one group was left without treatment
(DENA group) and the other three groups were treated with either sorafenib, dantrolene, or their
combination for further 4 weeks. One day after the last injection, serum and liver tissues were collected.
Liver tissue p53, VEGF, MMP-9, Cyclin D1, PI3K, and, serum AFP were assessed using
immunoassay. Hepatic and serum Ca+2 were also computed. Furthermore, Ki-67 was assessed immunohistochemically.

Results:
Dantrolene exhibited synergistic effect when used in combination with sorafenib compared
to either drug alone (p <0.05) through decreasing p53, VEGF, MMP-9, Cyclin D1, and
Ki-67. In addition, dantrolene was evidenced to have an inhibitory effect on Ca+2/PI3K pathway
that mediates its antineoplastic action when used alone or in combination with sorafenib.

Conclusion:
Dantrolene exerted antineoplastic effect as well as augmented sorafenib antineoplastic
activity via the intervention of Ca+2/PI3K pathway, manifested by ameliorating angiogenesis, apoptosis,
proliferation and metastasis.
Towards the Improvement of Branch Instructions Identification in High-
Performance Processors: Issues, Challenges and Techniques
Authors: Nain Sweety , Chaudhary Prachi 
Published: February 2021

Introduction:
Accurate branch prediction technique has become compulsory in the superscalar and deep pipeline processors. The conditional instructions can break the continuous flow of execution in the pipeline stages, thereby decreasing processor performance.

Discussion:
This paper highlights the concept of branch prediction, some issues and challenges, and techniques for improving processor performance. Further, this paper also presents the role of branch prediction in different processors and their features.

Conclusion:
The concept of the branch prediction used in parallel processors to enhance the execution speed of the conditional branch instructions and improve the processor's performance is highlighted in this paper. Further, this paper highlights the branch predictor techniques with their features and presents the challenges, issues, and future techniques related to the branch prediction.
Edificación del antiguo Correo y Telégrafo de Lima. Historia de un patrimonio edificado
Authors: Barrera Camarena Henry 
Published: February 2021

El Correo Central de Lima, o antiguamente llamado Correo y Telégrafo de Lima, es un patrimonio poco conocido, en parte porque hoy en día se le da una variedad de usos, sumado a que las últimas generaciones de la población no han llegado a emplear este servicio. Esto último a causa directa del avance de la tecnología y la era digital. Por esos motivos indicados, el objetivo de este trabajo es revalorar su importancia histórica y el diseño arquitectónico que ostentó originalmente, el cual con el tiempo se ha ido modificando, sin que ello signifique la pérdida de su valor. Para ello, se recurrió al empleo de fuente primaria, tanto en imágenes como en información, que es la base de este estudio.
La conservación del patrimonio es una obligación social, desde el campo de la historia se puede contribuir a esa noble gesta. Un monumento como éste, que ha superado los vaivenes del tiempo, no solo debe ser valorado per se, su complejidad puede aportar a seguir conociendo el devenir de la antigua Ciudad de los Reyes.
Iglesia Matriz de Jauja. Plan de recuperación y proceso de intervención restaurativa
Authors: Cuadros Chávez Hebner 
Published: February 2021

Evaluación y diagnóstico a la propuesta de intervención y al proceso de recuperación del monumento histórico “Iglesia Matriz” de la ciudad de Jauja – Perú, realizada el año 2009 y 2010. Análisis exhaustivo al proyecto y la ejecución, respecto a los criterios metodológicos planteados y utilizados, estimando su resultado y trascendencia, por tratarse de un bien patrimonial.
Interpretación en cuanto a la tipología y metodología del proyecto y del proceso de restaurativo, en función al ámbito contextual de carácter político, social y cultural y en relación a las expectativas, valoración y aceptación de la población sobre el componente cultural, que proyecta sentido de identidad colectiva y simboliza la pertenencia histórica de sus habitantes.
Precisiones y comentarios valorativos al proyecto y a los procedimientos de intervención y de recuperación, haciendo un balance de los criterios, logros, falencias y desventajas respectivas.
Patrimonio edificado de la inmigración china en el Centro Histórico de Lima
Authors: Chang Estrada Angie 
Published: February 2021

El presente articulo es una reflexión sobre el patrimonio edificado de la inmigración china en el Centro
Histórico de Lima y de su consideración como tal. Para ello se ha investigado la relación de los sujetos
patrimoniales con el patrimonio edificado de acuerdo con las nuevas posturas sobre patrimonio. La
investigación presenta catorce casos agrupados como: (i) una zona monumental, (ii) un ambiente urbano monumental, (iii) diez edificios patrimoniales y (iv) dos hitos urbanos y los cruza con dos miradas:
interna y externa para verificar la existencia del patrimonio edificado de la inmigración china en el
Centro Histórico de Lima.
Leaderboard Design Principles to Enhance Learning and Motivation in a Gamified Educational Environment: Development Study
Authors: Park Sungjin , Kim Sangkyun 
Published: February 2021

BackgroundGamification in education enhances learners’ motivation, problem-solving abilities, decision-making abilities, and social skills such as communication. Numerous ongoing studies are examining the application of gamification design methodology and game mechanics to a learning environment. Leaderboards are a type of game mechanic that assist learners in goal setting and unleash the motivation for learning.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to develop leaderboard design principles to assist learners in efficient goal setting, improve learning motivation, and promote learning in gamified learning environments.MethodsThis study implemented 2 different strategies. First, we analyzed previous research on leaderboards that focus on educational efficacy and influence on social interactions. Second, we collected and analyzed data related to cases of leaderboards being used in educational and sport environments.ResultsThis study determined 4 leaderboard design objectives from previous studies. Based on these objectives, we developed 3 leaderboard design principles. First, macro leaderboards and micro leaderboards should be designed and used together. Second, all the elements used to measure learners’ achievements in an educational environment should be incorporated into the micro leaderboard. Third, leaderboards should be designed and considered for application in contexts other than learning environments. This study further analyzes best practices considering the 3 leaderboard design principles.ConclusionsThis study contributes toward resolving problems associated with leaderboard design for the application of gamification in educational environments. Based upon our results, we strongly suggest that when teachers consider applying gamification in classrooms, the leaderboard design principles suggested in this research should be incorporated.
Intentions to Seek Mental Health Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Chinese Pregnant Women With Probable Depression or Anxiety: Cross-sectional, Web-Based Survey Study
Authors: Wang Qian , Song Bo , Di Jiangli , Yang Xue , Wu Anise , Lau Joseph , Xin Meiqi , Wang Linhong , Mo Phoenix Kit-Han 
Published: February 2021

Background
Mental health problems are prevalent among pregnant women, and it is expected that their mental health will worsen during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the underutilization of mental health services among pregnant women has been widely documented.

Objective
We aimed to identify factors that are associated with pregnant women’s intentions to seek mental health services. We specifically assessed pregnant women who were at risk of mental health problems in mainland China.

Methods
A web-based survey was conducted from February to March, 2020 among 19,515 pregnant women who were recruited from maternal health care centers across various regions of China. A subsample of 6248 pregnant women with probable depression (ie, those with a score of ≥10 on the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire) or anxiety (ie, those with a score of ≥5 on the 7-item General Anxiety Disorder Scale) was included in our analysis.

Results
More than half (3292/6248, 52.7%) of the participants reported that they did not need mental health services. Furthermore, 28.3% (1770/6248) of participants felt that they needed mental health services, but had no intentions of seeking help, and only 19% (1186/6248) felt that they needed mental health services and had intentions of seek help. The results from our multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, education level, and gestational age were factors of not seeking help. However, COVID-19–related lockdowns in participants’ cities of residence, social support during the COVID-19 pandemic, and trust in health care providers were protective factors of participants’ intentions to seek help from mental health services.

Conclusions
Interventions that promote seeking help for mental health problems among pregnant women should also promote social support from health care providers and trust between pregnant women and their care providers.
Development of nanoemulsions containing penciclovir for herpes simplex treatment and a liquid chromatographic method to drug assessment in porcine skin layers
Authors: Meira Alianise Da Silva , Battistel Ana Paula , Teixeira Helder Ferreira , Volpato Nadia Maria 
Published: February 2021

A successful formulation (penciclovir hydrogel nanoemulsion - HN) to be used in transdermal drug delivery route to treat herpes simplex virus was developed and an analytical method to quantify penciclovir (PCV) in porcine ear skin was stablished and validated. PCV nanoemulsions were prepared by high pressure homogenization and presented spherical mean droplet size 180 nm. The association efficiency and zeta potential were 87% and– 27 mV, respectively. The bioanalytical method developed showed specificity for the interferences from the skin matrixes (epidermis and dermis) and the linearity was in the range 0.1 – 25 μg/mL of drug, The mean recovery data for the three levels tested were 95.2% for the epidermis and 97.3% for the dermis and adequate results were obtained for repeatability and inter-day precision. In vitro percutaneous absorption studies with the PCV nanoemulsion and a market cream were conducted employing the porcine skin.The cumulative amounts of PCV permeated from cream and HN, 8 h after dosing, were 2.60 and 4.15 μg/cm², respectively, representing a quite higher flux and a much higher permeability coefficient for the developed formulation. It can be concluded that HN provide a good skin targeting effect and may be a promising carrier for topical delivery of penciclovir.
The effect of N-acetylcysteine on the antibacterial capability and biocompatibility of nano silver–containing orthodontic cement
Authors: Ding Ruolin , Qian Yuran , Chen Miao , Yi Jianru , Zhao Zhihe 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To determine whether the incorporation of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) improves the antibacterial ability and biocompatibility of nano silver (NAg)–containing orthodontic cement.

Materials and Methods
NAg was synthesized using a sodium citrate reduction method. NAg particles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra. NAg and NAC were incorporated into a resin-modified glass ionomer cement. Enamel shear bond strength (SBS), antibacterial capability, and cytotoxicity were evaluated.

Results
Incorporating 0.15% NAg and 20% NAC had no adverse effect on the SBS of orthodontic cement (P &gt; .1). Adding NAC into NAg-containing cement greatly reduced the biofilm metabolic activity and lactic acid production (P &lt; .05) and lowered the colony unit–forming counts by approximately 1 log (P &lt; .05). The cell viability against NAg-containing cement was improved by NAC (P &lt; .05).

Conclusions
The incorporation of NAC into NAg-containing cement achieved stronger antibacterial capability and better biocompatibility, without compromising the enamel SBS. The combined use of NAC and NAg is promising to combat caries in orthodontic practice.
Politik Islam di Malaysia; Studi tentang Partai Al-Islam Se-Malaysia (PAS) di Kelantan
Authors: Nasution Syamruddin , Ghofur Abd. 
Published: February 2021

Kelantan merupakan salah satu dari 13 negara bagian di Malaysia, perjuangan penerapan syariat Islam di Kelantan telah berjalan sejak lahirnya PAS tahun 1951. Namun otonomi atau kewenangan dalam penerapan syariat Islam yang dicita-citakan oleh PAS mengalami banyak hambatan karena bertentangan dengan UU Federal dan Akta Mahkamah Syariah. Dalam UU Federal tidak menganut azas negara Islam dan tidak menginginkan tegaknya hukum Islam berseberangan produk hukum di negeri kelantan. Akhirnya perbenturan diantara aturan pemerintah federal dan negara bagian tersebut, menjadikan peraturan negara bagian terpaksa dibatalkan pemerintah ferderal. Tulisan ini menjelaskan berbagai Upaya-upaya dalam penerapan syariat Islam yang dilakukan PAS di eksekutif, legislatif dan Majlis Syuro yang tiada henti dengan terus menyempurnakan produk hukumnya baik dalam bentuk Enakmen Jenayah Syariah Kelantan 1993 tentang hukum hudud, Qishas dan Tazir,serta peraturan-peraturan daerah (perda) melarang berbagai kemaksiatan.
Minoritas Dalam Masyarakat Plural dan Multikultural Perspektif Islam
Authors: Masyhuri Masyhuri , Akbar Ali , Amin Saidul 
Published: February 2021

Kelompok minoritas di Indonesia sering kali kehilangan hak-haknya sebagai warga negara bukan diakibatkan oleh perlakuan mayoritas semata, melainkan juga kerap dilakukan oleh negara. Hak kaum minoritas yang acap kali tidak bisa dipenuhi di negeri ini adalah hak untuk bebas beragama dan berkeyakinan serta kebebasan menjalankan ibadah sesuai dengan agama dan keyakinan tersebut. Dalam konteks pendidikan Islam upaya untuk memahami realitas perbedaan dalam beragama, lembaga-lembaga pendidikan Islam diharapkan bisa menanamkan kepedulian komunitas agama lain dengan saling bekerjasama dan membangun dialog melalui pendidikan multi kultural. Kesadaran multikulturalisme bukan sekadar memahami keberbedaan, namun juga harus ditunjukkan dengan sikap konkrit bahwa sekalipun berbeda keyakinan, namun sama-sama sebagai manusia yang mesti diperlakukan secara manusiawi. Pendekatan dialogis yang mengarah pada budaya saling toleransi, membuang kebencian dan permusuhan, kemampuan untuk saling mendengar, sikap akomodatif, dan saling tukar informasi untuk mencapai kesepahaman bersama. Pendekatan yang ditawarkan oleh Waleed el-Ansary dan Mashood Baderin cukup memberikan solusi bagi konflik antar umat beragama yang diakibatkan oleh kedangkalan dan kesenjanagan pemahaman dalam memahami ajaran agama masing-masing.
TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN, GROSS PROFIT MARGIN SEBAGAI INDIKATOR EKONOMI
Authors: Latifah Sri Wahjuni 
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The research was conducted with the aim of testing Triple Bottom Line performance including economic performance, environmental performance and social performance influenced the company's value. Next to test whether the Gross Profit Margin variable is an indicator of economic performance variables in influencing the value of the company. The research was conducted on the Go Public Company at IDX and its research samples are the basic and chemical industrial sector manufacturing companies that have reported performance in the Sustainbility report of 2018. The triple bottom line performance variables are measured by the GRI G-4 index while the company's value is measurable with the value of Tobin's Q. Data obtained by documentation techniques. Data analysis with a discriptive and quantitative approach. Subsequently tested with PLS analysis for model design purposes. The results showed that triple bottom line performance was influential in the company's value. The next result is that the gross profit margin can be a measure of economic performance in influencing the value of the company
Aplikasi Model Persamaan Struktural pada Program R (Studi Kasus Data Pengukuran Kecerdasan)
Authors: Rinaldi Achi 
Published: February 2021

Structural Equation Model (SEM) was known as powerfull and popular multivariate analysis technique. It provides a comprehensive method for the quantification and testing of theories. The ability of this model is to test model with multiple dependent that more powerfull than multiple regression, it’s also can make some simultaneously model in one form. Data was used from Holzinger and Swineford that measured intellegence in several indicator. This model was lack of form and performance that can be showed in value of Chi-square. Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Chi-square value for specificly in block “male” was less than “female”, so the result gave structural model for block male was better than female.