bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal dynamic and key species of the sarcosapropha­gous entomofauna in a Mediterranean natural environment
Authors: Pérez-Marcos María , García Maria Dolores , López-Gallego Elena , Arnaldos María Isabel 
Published: November 2021

Los insectos pueden detectar la presencia de un cadáver a gran distancia, colonizándolo rápidamente y siendo los primeros en explotar este recurso. La composición y dinámica de la comunidad, junto con su presencia en un lugar específico, son clave para su posterior aplicación forense. Por este motivo, se estudió la fauna entomosarcosaprófaga asociada a un cadáver en una zona montañosa de la provincia de Murcia (SE, España). Las especies Chrysomya albiceps, Calliphora vicina y C. vomitoria fueron las especies más valiosas como indicadores estacionales. Estas especies, junto con Dermestes frischii, Camponotus sylvaticus y la superfamilia Chalcidoidea, definen un patrón claro de colonización que varía según la estación del año. Finalmente, la especies Iberoformica subrufa pueden tener valor potencial como indicador de hábitat del área estudiada.
Insects can detect the presence of a cadaver at a great distance, colonizing it rapidly and being the first to exploit this resource. Its composition and dynamics, together with its presence in a specific location, are key to its subsequent forensic application. For this reason, it was studied the entomosarcosaprophagous fauna associated with a carcass in a wild mountainous area of the province of Murcia (SE, Spain). The species Chrysomya albiceps, Calliphora vicina and C. vomitoria were the most valuables species as seasonal indicators. These species, together with Dermestes frischii, Camponotus sylvaticus and those of the Chalcidoidea superfamily, define a clear pattern of colonization that varies according to the season of the year. Finally, the species Iberoformica subrufa may be of potential use as habitat indicator of the studied area.
El mito troyano de Memnón y el coloso que canta: variantes del relato en Filóstrato
Authors: Selene Chialva Ivana 
Published: November 2021

En el corpus filostrateo se reitera el mito troyano del héroe Memnón con variantes y reformulaciones en diferentes obras: Imágenes, Vida de Apolonio de Tiana y Heroico. La inclusión de relatos míticos ha sido considerada, frecuentemente, como un recurso repetitivo heredero de formas escolares y del gusto arcaizante y libresco de los pepaideuménoi. Este artículo propone un análisis trasversal de las referencias a Memnón en el corpus para demostrar cómo las variaciones al relato mítico son re-escrituras funcionales a una sophía helénica según el programa narrativo del sofista en cada obra.
The Trojan myth of the hero Memnon is reiterated with variants and reformulations in different works of the Philostratean corpus: Images, Life of Apollonius of Tyana and Heroicus. The inclusion of mythical narrative has been often considered as a repetitive resource inheriting school forms and the archaic and bookish taste of the pepaideumenoi. This article proposes a transversal analysis of alluding to Memnon in the corpus to demonstrate that the variations of the mythical story are functional rewritings of a Hellenic sophia according to the sophist's narrative program in each work.
L’acceptabilité sociale : trajectoire d’une nouvelle norme d’action publique
Authors: Simard Louis 
Published: November 2021

La notion d’acceptabilité sociale est devenue incontournable dans plusieurs secteurs de l’action publique. Au coeur des grands projets d’aménagement et d’urbanisme, énergétiques, d’extraction des ressources, ou qui concernent l’environnement en général, cette nouvelle norme publique apparaît comme un traceur de changements importants en matière de décision tant sur le plan substantif que processuel. Comment comprendre cette notion ? Comment l’étudier et quelle trajectoire a-t-elle connu au Québec ? Dans cet article nous proposons dans un premier temps un cadre théorique pour étudier cet objet : l’approche par les instruments d’action publique, en la considérant comme un instrument de type normatif visant à favoriser la coordination, la coopération et la prévisibilité dans un environnement complexe, par la recherche d’un ajustement négocié sur des bases scientifiques et politiques. Nous présentons ensuite les principales composantes pour bien définir l’acceptabilité sociale. Enfin nous proposons d’étudier la trajectoire de cette norme sur plus de 40 ans au Québec à travers l’étude des rapports du Bureau d’audiences publiques sur l’environnement, le Chantier sur l’acceptabilité sociale (2014-2015) et deux jugements des tribunaux (Cour supérieure du Québec en 2017 et Cour d’appel du Québec en 2020). Nous constatons une montée en importance de l’acceptabilité sociale au cours des décennies, pour devenir le critère ultime de décision en plus de s’institutionnaliser jusqu’à être confirmée dans sa portée juridique et pouvant apparaître comme le chaînon manquant entre démocratie participative et démocratie représentative.
Bioengineered Approach for Ex situ Vermiextraction of Acenaphthylene, Benzo (E)Pyrene and Benzo (Ghi) Perylene Soil Contamination
Authors: Fawole C. , Salami S. J. , Dashak D. A. , Chimezie-Nwosu H. A. 
Published: November 2021

The ex situ study of vermiextraction of Acenaphthylene (AcPY), Benzo(e)pyrene (BeP) and Benzo(ghi)perylene (BP) form constructed vermiculture containing petroleum contaminated soil (8.00±0.01, 9.80±0.00 and 5.02±0.00 mg/kg respectively) and vermiaccumulation (AcPY, 1.05±0.00, BeP, 2.01±0.00 and BP, 1.73±0.00 mg/kg) by Esenia fetida squirms with mean vermiremoval efficiency of 100% while vermiconversions were AcPY, 86.88, BeP, 79.49 and BP, 65.54%. The identification and quantification of the 3 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (3PAHs) were performed by GS/MD in accordance with analytical procedure of US. EPA 8270; 625. The bioengineered approach by E. fetida squirms in the vermiculture proved effective to detoxify and remove the persistent organic pollutants of the 3PAHs.
The ex situ study of vermiextraction of Acenaphthylene (AcPY), Benzo(e)pyrene (BeP) and Benzo(ghi)perylene (BP) form constructed vermiculture containing petroleum contaminated soil (8.00±0.01, 9.80±0.00 and 5.02±0.00 mg/kg respectively) and vermiaccumulation (AcPY, 1.05±0.00, BeP, 2.01±0.00 and BP, 1.73±0.00 mg/kg) by Esenia fetida squirms with mean vermiremoval efficiency of 100% while vermiconversions were AcPY, 86.88, BeP, 79.49 and BP, 65.54%. The identification and quantification of the 3 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (3PAHs) were performed by GS/MD in accordance with analytical procedure of US. EPA 8270; 625. The bioengineered approach by E. fetida squirms in the vermiculture proved effective to detoxify and remove the persistent organic pollutants of the 3PAHs.
Relationship between Obesity-Related Hypertension: A Narrative Review
Authors: Dehbandi Behdad , Saeed Hafiz Fahad Ullah , Furqan Muhammad , Khan Ubaid , Akhtar Muhammad Farhan , Siddque Hafiz Muhammad Waqas 
Published: November 2021

The main cause of obesity is an imbalance in consumption and caloric intake. Obesity is described as an excessive and abnormal accumulation of more than 20 percent of body fat in an individual's average body weight. The average body weight refers to an “individual's maximum healthy weight,” which is determined primarily by their height, age, and muscular growth. Obesity, however, is diagnosed by calculating the BMI which is a measure of individual’s body weight and height. Additionally, according to the National Institutes of Health, a person with a maximum limit of BMI of 30 kg/m2 is declared obese. Moreover, despite World Health Organization concerns, the prevalence of obesity is increasing among children and adults worldwide. Excessive overweight continues to the most underestimated public health problems on a global scale, including the fact that obesity is linked with an increased risk of sickness, disability, and death. Cardiovascular disorders, especially diabetes and hypertension have become a leading cause of death globally and these are the primary illnesses linked with obesity. However, the mechanisms behind obesity-related hypertension and other metabolic disorders remain little understood. In this present review, we discussed the correlation between cardiovascular disease and obesity, focusing on the biological processes underlying the relationship between hypertension and obesity.
Association of Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) in Relation to Disease Activity in Lupus
Authors: Abhishek M. , Gowrishankar A. , Kavitha M. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Among the various clinical and biochemical parameters which are employed to monitor the disease activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), Mean Platelet Volume, which is a platelet activation biomarker has been recently studied. We intended at evaluating the MPV in patients with active SLE and comparing it with the same patients who were in clinical remission, and to study the correlation between MPV and SLEDAI. We also studied the correlation between MPV and ESR, complements C3 and C4.
Methods: This is a prospective study conducted for a period of 12 months, in which 50 consecutive patients who were recently diagnosed with SLE according to the SLICC classification criteria were included. Complete blood count with MPV levels along with ESR, were measured at the first visit to the hospital and were repeated at every visit till they attained clinical remission. Analysis of MPV was done at first visit and at remission. Complements C3 and C4 was done at the first visit and at remission. The results were then tabulated and statistically analysed using SPSS 25. A Pearson’s correlation test was done to assess the relation between MPV, ESR and SLEDAI.
Results: Patients with active disease had a decreased MPV as compared to those in clinical remission (10.91fl, 13.11fl, p=0.011). We observed a weak positive correlation between MPV and SLEDAI (r=0.034, p=0.011). We observed no correlation between MPV and ESR, C3 and C4. Meanwhile, SLEDAI showed a positive correlation with C3 and C4; there was no correlation with ESR though.
Conclusion: MPV is reduced in patients with active SLE and displayed an inverse correlation with SLEDAI.
Thyroid Function Test in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Abhinaya V. , Kumar S. Magesh 
Published: November 2021

Background: Kidneys have a significant role in the metabolism, degradation and excretion of thyroid hormones. Both thyroid hormones and kidney functions have a multifaceted mutual interdependence.
Objectives: To find out the possible association between the severity of chronic kidney disease and thyroid dysfunction; To estimate the correlation between thyroid dysfunction and various stages of chronic kidney disease.
Materials and Methods: A prospective Cross-sectional study was done on 50 patients with Chronic kidney disease who were not on dialysis and fulfilled all the inclusion criteria at Saveetha medical college over a period of 6 months. Free T3, Free T4 and TSH levels were estimated for those patients.
Results: Results of this study showed that majority of subjects included in our study were in the age group of 50-60 years with Male predominance. Out of 50 patients included in our study, 8 patients(16%) were found to hypothyroidism; 5 patients (10%) were having subclinical hypothyroidism; 20 patients (40%) were having low T3 syndrome and 17 patients (34%) were having normal functioning thyroid gland. Staging of CKD was done in relation to the glomerular filtration rate .Most of the patients(n=20) were in Stage 5 of Chronic kidney disease out of which 18 patients were having thyroid disorders.
Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between the severity of CKD and thyroid dysfunction. Hence a routine thyroid function status should be evaluated in each and every patient of CKD to reduce the morbidity and mortality rate of CKD patients as well as reduce the social burden and health expenditure.
Incidence of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo in Head Injury Patients
Authors: Synthia Celastina , Rameshwar . 
Published: November 2021

Background: Traumatic brain injury is a common secondary cause of Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo(BPPV).
Objective: To determine the incidence and clinical profile of patients with BPPV in mild and moderate head injury.
Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study done in patients admitted with mild and moderate head injury who developed BPPV from January 2020 to March 2020 in a tertiary care hospital of South India. Demographic and clinical parameters were noted and were treated with canalith repositioning procedures.
Results: Among 42 patients admitted with mild and moderate head injury, 9(21.4%) were diagnosed with BPPV in the follow up. The male female ratio was 2.5:1. The mean age was 44 ±21.4years.Two wheeler accidents contributed to nearly half of (55.6%) traumatic BPPV. Posterior canal was commonly involved in 7(77.8%) followed by horizontal in 2 (22.2%).The type of head injury was mild in 7 (77.8%) and moderate in 2 (22.2%) in traumatic BPPV patients. 5 (55.6%) patients with BPPV had abnormal findings in neuroimaging. 4 (44.4%) patients developed recurrent BPPV in our cohort.
Conclusion: The incidence of traumatic BPPV was 21.4% in our study. Road traffic accidents due to two wheeler accidents were the common mode of head trauma. Posterior canal was commonly involved in three fourth of cases. Recurrence of vertigo was documented in 4 (44.4%).
A Study to Assess the Prevalence of Nomophobia among School Going Children
Authors: Joe Binu , Linson C. C. 
Published: November 2021

Our lives have been drastically altered by smart phones. Nowadays, we can't do anything without our phones. We must analyse ourselves or think clearly in order to determine whether a cell phone is a boon or a curse. We are all a part of technoculture. Schoolchildren have also been immersed in this aspect of techno-culture during the previous two years. We must properly prepare technology because each technology has both positive and negative elements. Overuse of mobile phones is extremely dangerous to one's health. Students need to have mobile phone to attend classes from the comforts of their home. Smart phone has become the basic necessity of school children daily life and students are slowly coping with this new method of technology for their academic progress. Over usage of mobile phone leads to such an extent that children comes across a situation where they cannot live without the use of mobile phone. Such a situation when students start to have fear when they cannot access their smart phones is known has nomophobia. The present study was carried among the school going children in the Surendernagar district of Gujarat. The findings of the study reveal that overall 52.58 % of the study subjects had moderate level of Nomophobia. Around 32.58 % of the study subjects had mild level of nomophobia. 14.40 of the school children had severe level of nomophobia, while only 0.44% had no signs and symptoms of Nomophobia. Mobile phones have lead to disturbance in the family relationship.
Role of Ultrasonogram in Acute Abdomen in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Pazhambalacode Vaishnavi Venkat , Paarthipan N. , Kumar G. Naveen , Seena C. R. 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Acute abdomen is a common presentation seen in the emergency department.Patients most commonly present with pain, which is a broad spectrum for assessment. Hence the clinician often needs an aid to come to a diagnosis. Ultrasonography is one of the leading imaging modality that helps to confirm the diagnosis made by the clinician.
Methodology: This was a retrospective study conducted in the Department of Radiology at Saveetha Medical College and Hospital between January 2021 to April 2021 with the objective to assess the efficacy of ultrasound in acute abdomen. Hundred patients who were admitted in the hospital with abdominal pain were chosen. Patients with the history of trauma, history of chronic abdominal pain and pregnant women were excluded from the study.Clinical history, physical examination, ultrasonogram, per-operative clinical findings and histopathological examination were used to come to the final conclusion.
Results: Out of hundred patients sixty-four (64%) were managed surgically. After obtaining histopathological results it was found that the sensitivity of ultrasound to diagnose a surgical condition was less compared to the histopathological investigation. The remaining thirty-six(36%) were managed medically after obtaining the diagnosis from ultrasound,lab investigations and higher imaging modalities like magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and computerized tomography(CT). The specificity of ultrasonogram was found to be really high while the sensitivity was less compared to other imaging modalities.
Conclusion: Ultrasonogram has established itself as a rapid,safe and cost effective imaging modality. It aids the clinician to come to a diagnosis or to confirm it leading to accurate treatment and patient survival.
Bacteriophages: Tailed
Authors: Duda Robert L , Huet Alexis 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Tailed bacteriophages are a widely distributed order of viruses that infect bacteria and Archaea. They all have a double‐stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) chromosome that is protected by an icosahedral capsid with a tail attached to one vertex. The tail is a specialised organelle that recognises the host and transfers the phage chromosome from inside the capsid to the host cytoplasm. Tails exhibit diverse morphologies that are divided into the three main classes: (1) short, (2) long and flexible and (3) long and contractile, that are used to define the three families of phage. The DNA‐filled capsids are icosahedral in shape, come in a range of sizes and are sometimes elongated along the tail axis. During infection, a phage may immediately take over the host to make new virions and lyse the cell (lytic cycle), or it may enter a dormant state, often by integrating its genome into the host genome (lysogenic cycle).

Key Concepts

Tailed bacteriophages are widespread in nature, but quite variable in size, shape and genetic content.

During infection, phages may deliver both their DNA chromosome and proteins into the infected cell in order to take over the cell and replicate.

Phage DNA replication mechanisms vary widely, but they usually make a large molecule that contains multiple copies of the phage genome that is used for packaging.

New phage particles are built using separate assembly pathways for capsids, tails and tail fibers.

Capsids are built as empty precursors using a scaffold that is discarded and tails are only added after the capsids are filled with DNA.

Tailed bacteriophages very likely evolved from a common ancestor.
Membrane‐Bound Protein Complexes for Photosynthesis and Respiration in Cyanobacteria
Authors: Nagarajan Aparna , Pakrasi Himadri B 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Cyanobacteria are the evolutionarily oldest organisms with the capability of evolving oxygen, giving rise to the present day atmosphere. These prokaryotic microorganisms have the unique ability to perform oxygenic photosynthesis and respiration in the same cellular compartment. Some cyanobacteria can also fix atmospheric nitrogen alongside oxygenic photosynthesis and respiration. The redox components of these electron transport pathways are known to intersect in cyanobacteria. Majority of the energy‐intensive processes occur in specialised membranes known as thylakoids. The coexistence of such remarkably complex metabolic pathways in a single cyanobacterial cell provides them with the potential to thrive in a wide variety of ecosystems. This metabolic complexity has sparked significant interest towards cyanobacterial research for the production of various high‐value compounds with applications in the food, feed and fuel industry.

Key Concepts

Cyanobacteria are the only prokaryotic microorganisms with the extraordinary capability of converting sunlight to chemical energy and evolving molecular oxygen as a byproduct.

Complex metabolic processes such as photosynthesis and respiration coexist and predominantly occur in highly specialised thylakoid membranes.

The photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport chain shares several components between these processes, a situation unique to oxygenic photosynthetic organisms.

In ambient light conditions, photosynthetic electron transport chain has a much higher capacity for ATP synthesis than respiration.
Brassinosteroids
Authors: Wei Zhuoyun , Gou Xiaoping , Li Jia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are specific phytosteroids necessary for ordinary plant growth and development. BRs share similar chemical structures with animal steroidal hormones, but show a distinctive signal perception mechanism. The importance of BRs is illustrated by the typical phenotypes of mutants with lesions in key biosynthetic or signalling proteins. These mutants show severe dwarfism, curled and round leaves, considerably delayed senescence, reduced male fertility, altered light‐regulated developmental programs, changed responses to abiotic and biotic stresses and modified gene expression profiles. Extensive studies in the last four decades have resulted in a comprehensive picture of BRs, from their nearly completed biosynthesis and physiological functions to their mechanisms of action.

Key Concepts

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are essential plant hormones regulating various developmental processes.

BRs show structures similar to animal steroidal hormones.

Brassinolide is the final product of the BR biosynthetic pathway and the most active BR.

BRs are perceived by transmembrane receptor complexes including the receptor BRI1 and co‐receptor BAK1.

BRs cannot be transported in a long distant manner.

BES1 and BZR1 are the critical downstream transcription factors regulating the expression of thousands of BR response genes.
Ocular‐motor deception testing in civilly detained sexually violent persons: An alternative to post‐conviction sex offender polygraph testing?
Authors: Mundt James C. , Smith Jason W. , Ambroziak Gina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPost‐conviction polygraph testing during sex offender (PCSOT) treatment is common. Ocular‐motor deception testing (ODT) uses measures of cognitive load to assess credibility. The accuracy of ODT for discriminating deceptive from truthful response patterns in sexually violent persons was evaluated. Participants chose to ‘steal’ a voucher of monetary value and try to ‘beat the machine,’ or leave the voucher and respond truthfully. Compensation was determined by participants' choices and the results of the ODT credibility assessment. Experiment 1 (n = 26) established a base rate of deception to optimize the ODT scoring model. Experiment 2 (n = 74) tested generalizability of the results. Tests of noninferiority found observed accuracy rates were not significantly less than published rates of 80%. Results support use of ODT methods as a potential alternative to PCSOT. Legal and ethical issues regarding the use of deception detection technologies impacting individuals involved in criminal justice systems are discussed.