bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Prediction Nomogram for Acute Kidney Injury in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Hu Qian , Shi Yuan , Hua Zi-Yu , Bao Lei , Li Fang , Wei Hong , Song Ping , Ou-Yang He-Jia , Li Qiu , Wang Mo 
Published: January 2021

Background and objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is recognized as an independent predictor for mortality in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants and is reported to have a high incidence. In this study, we sought to identify the predictors for AKI in VLBW infants and thereby develop a prediction nomogram for the early detection and management of VLBW infants at high risk of developing AKI.Methods: We designed a retrospective study wherein we investigated the baseline hospitalization data of VLBW infants treated at our hospital between January 2012 and October 2018. Independent predictors of AKI in VLBW infants, as identified by multivariate logistic regression, were incorporated into a model. Hosmer–Lemeshow test was used to test the goodness of fit of the model, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to assess the discriminative ability of the model. The model was internally validated using the 10-fold cross-validation method. A nomogram was plotted to predict the risk of AKI in VLBW infants on the basis of the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results: We investigated the data of 604 VLBW infants, of which 144 (23.8%) developed AKI; in 111 (77.1%) of these infants, AKI occurred within 7 days of birth. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the following as predictive factors for AKI in VLBW infants: gestational age, red blood cell count within 3 days of birth, serum calcium concentration within 3 days of birth, maternal age of ≥35 years, and pulmonary arterial hypertension or myocardial injury. Furthermore, the nomogram was found to be effective in estimating the risk of AKI in VLBW infants, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.794 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.754–0.834; P &lt; 0.001]. Internal validation done by cross-validation showed that the average AUC was 0.788.Conclusion: The nomogram developed in this study was found to be sensitive and specific for the preoperative prediction of AKI in VLBW infants, as per the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria modified for neonates.
Radiographic Imaging to Evaluate Food Passage Rate in Preterm Piglets as a Model for Preterm Infants
Authors: Kappel Susanne Soendergaard , Sangild Per Torp , Scheike Thomas , Friborg Christel Renée , Gormsen Magdalena , Aunsholt Lise 
Published: January 2021

Objectives and study: Gut motility in infants mature with increasing post-menstrual age and is affected by numerous hormonal, immunological and nutritional factors. However, it remains unclear how age and diet influence gut motility and its relation to feeding intolerance and gastric residuals in preterm neonates. Using preterm piglets as a model for infants, we investigated if contrast passage rate, as determined by X-ray contrast imaging, is affected by gestational age at birth, advancing postnatal age and different milk diets.Methods: Contrast passage rate was evaluated using serial abdominal X-ray imaging on postnatal day 4 and 18 in preterm and near-term piglets fed infant formula, colostrum or intact bovine milk, with or without added fortifier (total n = 140).Results: Preterm piglets had a faster small intestinal passage rate of contrast solution at day 4 of life than near-term piglets (SIEmpty, hazard ratio (HR): 0.52, 95%CI [0.15, 0.88], p &lt; 0.01). Formula fed piglets at day 4 had a faster passage rate of contrast to caecum (ToCecum, HR: 0.61, 95%CI [0.25,0.96], p = 0.03), and through the colon region (CaecumToRectum, p &lt; 0.05, day 4) than colostrum fed preterm piglets. The time for contrast to leave the stomach, and passage through the colon in day 4 preterm piglets were slower than in older piglets at day 18 (both, p &lt; 0.05). Adding a nutrient fortifier increased body growth, gastric residuals, intestinal length and weight, but did not affect any of the observed passage rates of the contrast solution.Conclusion: Serial X-ray contrast imaging is a feasible method to assess food passage rate in preterm piglets. Contrast passage rate through different gut segments is affected by gestational age at birth, postnatal age, and milk diet. The preterm piglet could be a good model to investigate clinical and dietary factors that support maturation of gut motility and thereby feeding tolerance and gut health in preterm infants.
SDMN Architecture in 5G
Authors: Kovács Márk , Agg Péter András , Johanyák Zsolt Csaba 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Due to the exponentially growing number of mobile devices connected to the Internet, the current 4G LTE-A mobile network will no longer be able to serve the nearly 5 billion mobile devices. With the advent of the fifth generation, however, the number of cybercrimes may increase. This requires building an architecture that can adequately protect against these attacks. For wired networks, the SDN-type architecture has been introduced for some time. As a result, a similar design concept has emerged, which is called Software Defined Mobile Networks (SDMN). This article describes this technology and how it helps prevents DoS, DDoS at-tacks, and IP source spoofing.
Laser Survey Tool and Survey Methodology for Direct Architectural Cad Software Connection
Authors: Máder Patrik Márk , Szilágyi Dorottya , Rák Olivér , Háber István Ervin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been the fastest growing methodology in architectural design, construction, preliminary works and in several other engineering activities in the past few years. It is mostly implemented in the fields of design, construction and building operation, however, there are still unexploited possibilities in further areas – such as building surveys. Many tools are available today to produce detailed and accurate 3D survey data, but specialists and custom software usually have to be involved in the process. Transforming this information into BIM models is also a time-consuming task, as their direct architectural design software integration is limited. The following article introduces a possible solution in order to improve communication and the modeling process.
Design of a Fabric Winding Up Unit
Authors: Márton László , Szigeti Ferenc , Dezső Gergely 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
For air-spring production the fabric winding is what prepares the semi-finished materials. The rubber body, that we called the membrane is made from using several layers of fabric and rubber. Building together these layers defines the mechanical properties. During the winding up, we prepare the cut rubber or fabric layers in rolls. Quality of rolling and the performance to make the semi-finished material, depend on the machine which is used for the winding. To satisfy the higher production capacity it was necessary to create a modern construction using automated systems. To assure the ergonomic expectations was a main viewpoint too. My thesis main goal is to explain, in detail, my design and to prove the device structural solutions using finite element analysis.
Solving Extended Project Scheduling Problems
Authors: Mihály Krisztián , Kulcsár Gyula 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Project based planning and execution is used in various phases of a product lifecycle, starting from the conceptual idea and design through to the manufacturing and maintenance. It is common, that an enterprise or an organization executes more than one project in parallel. These projects may share the same resources and may have differing goals. Based on experience the order of task execution is a key factor, having a major impact on the key performance indicators. Our paper presents an extended model and a scheduling method for resource constrained project scheduling problems.
Finite Element Analysis of Size Effect for Forming-Limit Curves
Authors: Gál Viktor 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Nowadays, finite element (FE) methods are widely used for the analysis of Body in White parts production. An FE software applies the forming-limit diagram to predict the failure of the sheet metal. There are many new materials for weight reduction; for these new materials, the determination of forming-limit curves (FLC) is important to studying formability issues. There are some cases where the available material for the measurements is not enough or due to some specific measurement parameter, the standard test specimen cannot be used. In these cases, the geometry of the test pieces and the testing equipment should be reduced. In this paper, the material card for DC05 (1.0312) steel was determined based on a tensile test and the Nakajima test. With the material card, simulations were performed to investigate the size effect of the hemispherical punch used for Nakajima forming method. Based on the simulations, the difference between the FLC-s (determined with different equipment) was found to be negligible.
Investigation of the Effect of Process Parameters on the Break of Laser-welded Drill Bits
Authors: Kenéz Attila Zsolt , Bagyinszki Gyula 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The geometry and microstructure of the seam can be influenced by changing technological parameters such as laser power, welding speed, focus distance and shielding gas. In this research we examine the effect of laser power and focus distance on the quality of the breaking torque value while the welding speed and the shielding gas is unchanged. From the test results, we found that changing the defocus has no effect; a change in laser power affects ~15 %, while a change in welding position significantly affects the breaking torque.
Investigation of Composite Behaviour of Lath Martensite
Authors: Maróti János Endre , Szabó Péter János 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
It is very important for our research that we are able to examine the orientation of packets and their relationship to directions of stress that cause plastic deformation. We use electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) to achieve this. EBSD examination requires very careful sample preparation. In our work we have developed a sample preparation method for electron bakcscatter diffraction examination. In this study we present the method, which consists of multistage mechanical grinding, polishing and ion polishing. Optimal parameters for each steps (eg.: grinding, polishing and sputtering time, milling angle) were determined for lath martensitic steel, however, it could be used for other type of steel with minor adjustments.
Damage Analysis of Broken Orthopedic Implants
Authors: Simon Ágota , Asztalos Lilla 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Joint implants and fixings are subject to many stresses throughout their life cycle. Despite careful design, material selection, manufacturing technology and proper surgical technology, implant damage and, in extreme cases, fracture can occur. Investigation of injuries is important from the perspective of the patient, the care provider and the manufacturer, among other things, by exploring the cause of the fracture to prevent similar cases. In the present study we performed failure analysis of a hip implant and a bone fixation plate. Fracture surfaces, material composition, material structure and hardness were also investigated. Based on the work done, we determined what might have led to the fracture in both cases.
Sur la structure et les propriétés optiques de divers silicates compacts ou terreux
Authors: Lacroix Alfred 
Published: January 2021

En résumé, tous les minéraux étudiés dans cette note et qui, à l’œil nu, ont une structure compacte ou terreuse, ne sont pas amorphes, mais sont formés en tout ou en partie par une substance cristallisée à propriétés définies et spéciale à chacun d’entre eux. Malgré leur différence de composition, ces substances possèdent toutes la structure des micas, caractérisée par un clivage facile, lamelleux, qui, en outre, est plus ou moins perpendiculaire à une bissectrice aiguë négative. Autour de celle-ci, l’écartement des axes est souvent nul, cette presque uniaxie paraissant propre au minéral dans certains cas ou produite par des croisements de lames dans beaucoup d’autres. Par analogie avec les micas, on peut supposer que tous ces minéraux sont monocliniques ou tout au moins orthorhombiques.
On ne doit pas s’étonner de voir des minéraux à structure lamelleuse, micacée, prendre une structure terreuse ou compacte quand leurs lames constituantes deviennent excessivement petites, les micas eux-mêmes présentant des exemples nombreux de faits de ce genre (damourite, etc.).
Ces données ne peuvent être plus précises en raison de la nature même des substances étudiées, dont plusieurs ne se taillent en lames minces qu’avec la plus grande difficulté, et dont les éléments constitutifs n’ont généralement qu’une fraction de millimètre de plus grande dimension. Elles sont suffisantes, cependant, pour prouver l’intérêt qu’il y a à reprendre l’étude chimique de tous ces corps, en tenant compte des impuretés que l’examen microscopique a décelées dans quelques-uns d’entre eux.
ESPERANÇA E GRATIDÃO: A CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA E OS AVANÇOS PARA A IMUNIZAÇÃO CONTRA O CORONAVÍRUS 19.
Authors: Langoni Helio 
Published: January 2021

Novo ano e a esperança deve ser renovada. O ano de 2020 foi marcado pela pandemia do Coronavirus 19. Muitas mudanças, com adaptações, tiveram que ser adotadas, para que pudéssemos passar por esse período com maior segurança sem, entretanto, termos que deixar todas as nossas atividades, principalmente quando pensamos no ensino, na pesquisa e no atendimento à comunidade. A área da saúde foi a que mais enfrentou e vem enfrentando os maiores desafios, para poder minimizar a dor e o sofrimento dos pacientes acometidos, e de seus familiares. Efeitos devastadores para a economia nacional e mundial, e ainda estaremos por um longo período de tempo sofrendo as consequências dos efeitos da pandemia, que será inesquecível para todos nós, que estamos vivenciando de perto ou mesmo que mais distantes, o dia a dia da sua evolução, tendo que aceitar que o principal responsável pela situação catastrófica em que o mundo se encontra, é o próprio povo, que negligência todas as orientações das autoridades de saúde, que são transmitidas incansavelmente, quase que diuturnamente. Há abusos por parte da maioria, apesar de uma parcela consciente entender a importância da prática do distanciamento social, o uso de máscaras, da lavagem das mãos com água e sabão ou detergente, e do álcool em gél.
Os dados recentes divulgados da vacina CoronaVac, trazem alento pois a eficácia de 50,4%, não quer dizer que a vacina tem 50,0% de chance de dar errado. Na verdade, ao tomar a vacina, tem-se 50,4% de chances de não desenvolver COVID-19, 78% de chances de não precisar de atendimento médico algum e 100% de chances de não precisar ser hospitalizado ou ir para a UTI. Importante em tudo isso é que deveremos continuar cumprindo a nossa parte enquanto cidadãos, respeitando as nossas próprias vidas, bem como a de nossos semelhantes. Teremos um bom tempo até que a grande maioria da população tenha sido vacinada e esteja de fato protegida, ou seja imunizada, a partir da produção de anticorpos, em resposta às vacinas.
Estamos iniciando o volume do ano de 2021, da revista Veterinária e Zootecnia, que será o 28, com editoração contínua, de acordo com a liberação dos artigos após análise de mérito científico pela Assessoria, e também da normalização bibliográfica por equipe especializada. A submissão de artigos prossegue, e convidamos a comunidade científica para submeterem artigos de acordo com as normas da Revista.
Boa leitura dos artigos já editados.
Importancia de la enseñanza de la memoria histórica en el contexto colombiano
Authors: Moreno Báez Nercy Zuleima 
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo reporta un análisis de la importancia de la enseñanza de la Memoria Histórica en el contexto colombiano, partiendo de la relevancia de la memoria; asimismo se realiza una revisión teórica de algunos referentes de Memoria Histórica, que han contribuido a la construcción de nuevas reflexiones en las distintas sociedades; de la misma manera se plantea la necesidad de la participación de toda la sociedad en el proceso de construcción de memoria, para que la voz de las víctimas no quede invisibilizada y así las consecuencias de la violencia en los más de cincuenta años de conflicto por parte de diferentes actores incluyendo al Estado, que ha dejado huellas en varias generaciones, no quede en el olvido. De igual modo se hace mención a lo concerniente a la importancia de la enseñanza de la Memoria Histórica desde los lugares de memoria, como los museos memoriales y monumentos conmemorativos, en donde la pedagogía de la memoria es un instrumento fundamental en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje; así como también el papel fundamental que cumplen los maestros en el proceso de crear nuevas estrategias pedagógicas y didácticas que permitan un aprendizaje significativo.
ALGORITHM FOR CONSTRUCTING A REACHABILITY TREE FOR STOCHASTIC PETRI NETS
Authors: Звягин Д.С. 
Published: January 2021

Описываются основные определения дерева достижимости сетей Петри. Также рассматриваются различные примеры стохастических сетей Петри, в которых после выставления начальных маркировок в первых позициях определяются значения во всех остальных позициях. Показаны примеры определения маркировок при помощи высчитывания вектора диагональной свертки. Для каждого примера стохастической сети Петри проводится анализ данной сети. Данный анализ необходим для различных распределительных систем и процессов, особенно на заключительном этапе. Основными методами анализа являются дерево достижимости и матричные уравнения. Рассматривается один из таких методов анализа сетей Петри. С использованием дерева достижимости можно проанализировать, выявить и исправить сбои в процессах, которые могут произойти при наличии тупиковых состояний и при неправильной последовательности срабатывания переходов. Исходя из рассмотренных примеров предлагается обобщенный алгоритм построения дерева достижимости для стохастических сетей Петри. Предложенный алгоритм построения дерева достижимости стохастических сетей Петри можно применять для всех сетей как с конечным, так и с бесконечным множеством достижимости. Данный алгоритм будет являться полезным инструментом при анализе стохастических сетей Петри
The article describes the basic definitions of the reachability tree of Petri nets. It also considers various examples of stochastic Petri nets, in which, after setting the initial markings in the first positions, the values in all other positions are determined. The work shows examples of determining markings by calculating the vector of the diagonal convolution. Each example of a stochastic Petri net is analyzed. This analysis is necessary for various distribution systems and processes, especially in the final stage. The main analysis methods are reachability tree and matrix equations. I consider one of such methods for analyzing Petri nets. Using the reachability tree, you can analyze, identify, and correct process failures that can occur when there are deadlocks and when transitions are fired incorrectly. Based on the examples considered, I propose a generalized algorithm for constructing a reachability tree for stochastic Petri nets. The proposed algorithm for constructing the reachability tree of stochastic Petri nets can be applied to all nets with both finite and infinite reachability sets. This algorithm will be a useful tool for analyzing stochastic Petri nets
DEPENDENCE OF VIVALDI ANTENNA CHARACTERISTICS ON THE SUBSTRATE METALLIZATION
Authors: Фёдоров С.М. , Бадаев А.С. , Ищенко Е.А. , Папина Е.В. , Бердников К.А. , Деревянкин С.И. 
Published: January 2021

Рассматривается антенна Вивальди, рабочий диапазон которой соответствует частотам, выделенным Государственной комиссией по радиочастотам для сетей пятого поколения. Применение различных проводниковых материалов при изготовлении излучателя позволяет достичь как экономических преимуществ, так и требуемых характеристик диаграмм направленности. В процессе моделирования были определены обратные потери антенны, а также влияние на них материала изготовления проводящей части антенны, диаграммы направленности, коэффициента полезного действия. Все характеристики определялись путем электродинамического моделирования. Исследование производилось для таких проводящих материалов, как медь, алюминий, золото, серебро, железо, платина, тантал, молибден. По полученным результатам было определено, что наилучшим проводником является серебро, при этом медь и алюминий не сильно уступают ему по характеристикам излучения и эффективности. Наихудшими материалами изготовления проводниковой части антенны являются тантал, железо и платина, так при их применении происходит снижение коэффициента полезного действия антенны, реального коэффициента усиления антенны. В статье представлены графики S-параметров для исследуемых случаев, произведено их сравнение, а также приведены основные характеристики диаграмм направленности и определено влияние на них проводниковых материалов
The article considers a Vivaldi antenna, the operating range of which corresponds to the frequencies allocated by the State Commission on Radio Frequencies for fifth generation networks. The use of various conductive materials in the manufacture of the emitter allows one to achieve both economic advantages and the required characteristics of radiation patterns. In the process of modeling, we determined the return losses of the antenna, as well as the influence on them of the material of the conductive part of the antenna, the radiation pattern, and the efficiency. We determined all characteristics by electrodynamic modeling. The study was carried out for conductive materials such as copper, aluminum, gold, silver, iron, platinum, tantalum, molybdenum. Based on the results obtained, we determined that the best conductor is silver, while copper and aluminum are not much inferior to it in terms of radiation and efficiency. The worst materials for the manufacture of the conductive part of the antenna are tantalum, iron and platinum, so when they are used, the efficiency of the antenna, the real gain of the antenna, decreases. The article presents graphs of S-parameters for the cases under study, compares them, and also presents the main characteristics of the directional patterns and determines the effect of conductive material on them