bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Possible Periodic Activity in the Short Bursts of SGR 1806-20: Connection to Fast Radio Bursts
Authors: Zhang G. Q. , Tu Zuo-Lin , Wang F. Y. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Magnetars are highly magnetized neutron stars that are characterized by recurrent emission of short-duration bursts in soft gamma-rays/hard X-rays. Recently, FRB 200428 was found to be associated with an X-ray burst from a Galactic magnetar. Two fast radio bursts show mysterious periodic activity. However, it is unclear whether magnetar X-ray bursts are periodic phenomena. In this paper, we investigate the activity period of SGR 1806-20. More than 3000 short bursts observed by different telescopes are collected, including the observations of RXTE, HETE-2, ICE, and Konus. We consider the observation windows and divide the data into two subsamples to alleviate the effect of uneven sampling. The epoch-folding and Lomb–Scargle methods are used to derive the period of the short bursts. We find a possible period of about 398.20 ± 25.45 days, but other peaks exist in the periodograms. If the period is real, the connection between short bursts of magnetars and fast radio bursts should be investigated extensively.
Slow Cooling and Fast Reinflation for Hot Jupiters
Authors: Thorngren Daniel P. , Fortney Jonathan J. , Lopez Eric D. , Berger Travis A. , Huber Daniel 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The unexpectedly large radii of hot Jupiters are a longstanding mystery whose solution will provide important insights into their interior physics. Many potential solutions have been suggested, which make diverse predictions about the details of inflation. In particular, although any valid model must allow for maintaining large planetary radii, only some allow for radii to increase with time. This reinflation process would potentially occur when the incident flux on the planet is increased. In this work, we examine the observed population of hot Jupiters to see if they grow as their parent stars brighten along the main sequence. We consider the relation between radius and other observables, including mass, incident flux, age, and fractional age (age over main-sequence lifetime), and show that main-sequence brightening is often sufficient to produce detectable reinflation. We further argue that these provide strong evidence for the relatively rapid reinflation of giant planets, and discuss the implications for proposed heating mechanisms. In our population analysis we also find evidence for a “delayed cooling effect,” wherein planets cool and contract far more slowly than expected. While not capable of explaining the observed radii alone, it may represent an important component of the effect. Finally, we identify a weak negative relationship between stellar metallicity and planet radius that is presumably the result of enhanced planetary bulk metallicity around metal-rich stars and has important implications for planet formation theory.
Histoire militaire
Authors: Franc Claude 
Published: March 2021

La IV e République hérite d’une marine en piteux état après une guerre dévastatrice. La reconstruction de l’outil naval a été complexe et a bénéficié, à partir de 1962, de l’aide américaine. L’amiral Nomy, chef d’état-major de la Marine de 1951 à 1960, y a joué un rôle essentiel, préparant la Marine de la V e République.
The association between personality traits and dry eye disease
Authors: Feroze Kaberi B. , AlAbdullah Zahrah A.M. , AlOnayzan Arwa H.A. , Pattath Abdulwahab 
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE:
Dry eye disease (DED) is a growing public health concern that causes significant visual disability and interferes with the quality of life. The aim of the study is to analyze the relationship between personality traits and DED symptoms in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia.

METHODS:
A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia in 2018. A total of 613 subjects participated in this study. Ocular surface disease index was first distributed online to assess the subjective symptoms of DED. Then, persons with DED were selectively chosen to be tested by the Big Personality Trait Inventory questionnaire. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test at a level of significance, P < 0.05.

RESULTS:
57.7% of the patients reported symptoms of DED. There was a significant positive correlation between DED and neuroticism personality trait. DED severity was found to be significantly correlated in persons with chronic diseases.

CONCLUSION:
This study suggests that psychological problems have an impact on DEDs in a way that needed to be studied.
Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding diabetic retinopathy screening and its management among diabetic patients at a private hospital of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Asbali Tariq , Aldawari Sakhr A. , Alzahim Ibrahim A. , Alalawi Hiba , Khandekar Rajiv , Lotfy Nancy M. 
Published: March 2021

PURPOSE:
We present the KAP levels and the determinants for diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening and management at a private hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

METHODS:
A chart review was performed of DM patients to collect the demographics and diabetes related information in June to December 2017. A close ended questionnaire was used that queried knowledge (7), attitude (5) and practice for DR screening (7).

RESULTS:
Two hundred participants were interviewed half from endocrinology unit and half from the eye clinic. An excellent knowledge of the ophthalmic effects of diabetes was noted in 91 [45.5% (95% Confidence Interval CI 38.6–52.4) of participants. Thirty-eight [19% (95% CI 13.6–24.4)] participants had a positive attitude. None had an excellent grade of practice and poor practice was noted in 168 [74% (95% CI 78.9–89.1)] participants. Longer duration of DM (P = 0.07) and systemic complications (P = 0.06) were associated with good knowledge. Attitude was not significantly associated with any determinants. Good practice was associated with the presence of systemic complications of DM (P < 0.01) and those recruited to the eye clinic (P = 0.06). Only 35% of patients had undergone an annual DR screening. Only 4 patients had a history of laser treatment.

CONCLUSION:
The KAP of diabetic patients regarding DR screening and management is less than desired. Establishing protocols and public health promotion activities directed at early detection and management are urgently needed in private sectors of Saudi Arabia.
Zeytinde (Olea europaea cv. Ayvalık) Farklı Potasyumlu Gübre Uygulamalarının Verim ve Zeytinyağı İçeriği Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Çolak Esetlili Bihter , Tülin PEKCAN  , Erol AYDOĞDU  , Hanife Telli KARAMAN  , Şenay YAMAN  , Özen MERKEN  , Ali GÜLER  
Published: March 2021

Ülkemiz tarımında zeytin bitkisine verilen önem gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Zeytin meyvesinin kalitesini etkileyen en önemli kültürel uygulamalardan birisi de gübrelemedir. Toprak ve yaprak analizlerine dayalı olarak doğru bir gübreleme programı ile birlikte potasyumlu gübre uygulaması, meyvenin kalitesini önemli ölçüde arttırmaktadır. Bu amaçla farklı potasyumlu gübre (KNO3, K2SO4 ve KNO3+K2SO4) uygulamalarının, ayvalık çeşidi zeytin üzerine etkisini görebilmek amacı ile ağaç başına verim, meyve ile kalkan N-P2O5-K2O miktarları ve % yağ miktarları incelenmiştir.
Çalışma Bornova Zeytincilik Araştırma Enstitüsü deneme bahçesinde, 35 yaşında Ayvalık zeytin çeşidinin bulunduğu parselde 2016-2017 yılları arasında yapılmıştır. Tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre planlanan çalışma, 4 tekerürlü ve her uygulamada 3 ağaç olacak şekilde kurulmuştur. Toprak ve yaprak analiz sonuçlarına göre gübreleme programı oluşturulmuş ve Nisan-Eylül ayları arasında fertigasyon sisteminden gübre uygulamaları yapılmıştır. Hasat döneminde zeytin meyvesinde yağ (% YA) ve ağaç başına yağ (kg/ağaç) miktarı analizleri yapılmıştır.
Ayvalık çeşidi zeytin ağaçlarında farklı K’lu gübre formülasyonu uygulamalarında incelenen parametrelerde yıllar ve gübre arasında <0,05 düzeyinde önemli ilişki önemli bulunurken, yapraktaki toplam K (%) ile gübre uygulamaları arasındaki ilişki önemsiz bulunmuştur. Düzenli yapılan gübreleme programı ile topraktaki yarayışlı K’un arttığı, yaprak ve meyvedeki K içeriklerinin ise yıllara göre değişkenlik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Ağaç başına alınan verim miktarları incelendiğinde, 2016 yılında kontrole göre uygulamaların etkili olduğu görülmüş ancak uygulamalar arasında istatistiki bir fark bulunamamıştır. 2017 yılında ise KNO3 (80,33 kg/ağaç) uygulamasının istatistiki olarak öne çıktığı görülmektedir. Ağaç başına yağ (kg/ağaç) ve yağ (%YA) miktarları değerlendirildiğinde, ilk yıl K2SO4, ikinci yıl ise KNO3 uygulamaları diğer uygulamalara göre istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmuştur. Dengeli ve düzenli gübre uygulaması ile birlikte zeytin veriminde artış sağlandığı görülmektedir.
PENGARUH METODE GLASS ANALYSIS TERHADAP SELF-EFFICACY MEMBACA DAN READING LEVEL (STUDI PADA SALAH SATU SISWA KELAS 3 SD DENGAN KESULITAN MEMBACA DI SEKOLAH INKLUSI DI TANGERANG SELATAN)
Authors: Khasanah Nurul 
Published: March 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of the glass analysis method on reading self-efficacy and reading levels in grade 3 elementary school students who have difficulty in reading. Glass analysis is one method of reading for students who experience reading difficulties, focuses on decoding. Glass analysis intervention was investigated to prove its effect on self-efficacy reading and reading levels. Self-efficacy is a person's belief in his ability to master tasks. The results of the effort are reading level, which is a proof of the success of the effort that has been achieved by students in reading skills. Determination of the sample using non probability sampling with purposive sampling technique. The subject consists of two, one experimental subject and one comparison subject. The experimental subjects received glass analysis intervention, while the comparison subjects described the reading and reading self-efficacy level of grade 3 elementary school students. The research variables were measured using two instruments, The Reader Self-Perception Scale (33 items) and informal reading tests. The data of the study were analyzed using paired-sample t test, so that the results obtained that glass analysis has not been able to influence reading self-efficacy (z = -1.0 and p> 0.05) and reading level (z = -1.0 and p> 0 ,05).Keyword: Glass Analysis, Self-Efficacy Membaca, Reading Level
LA RENDICIÓN DE CUENTAS DEL BANCO CENTRAL EUROPEO COMO SUPERVISOR DE LAS ENTIDADES FINANCIERAS DE CRÉDITO
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ CABALLÉ ANNA Mª 
Published: March 2021

Como es bien sabido, en los últimos tiempos el BCE ha asumido
nuevos poderes en materia de supervisión prudencial de las entidades de crédito.
Este hecho ha supuesto, probablemente, un impacto más directo sobre los particulares
respecto de la clásica función monetaria. Desde la lógica democrática,
y considerando el elevado grado de independencia de la institución, las nuevas
funciones como supervisor bancario deben ir acompañadas de mecanismos de
control democráticos que permitan responsabilizar al BCE de sus actuaciones, explicando
a qué responden sus actividades o en base a qué argumentos toma sus
decisiones.
Jakina denez, azken boladan EBZk ahalmen gehiago bereganatu
ditu kreditu-entitateak badaezpada ikuskatzeko. Aldaketa horrek, ziurrenik, inpaktu
zuzenekoagoa eragin die partikularrei, funtzio monetario klasikoaren aldean. Logika
demokratikoaren ikuspuntutik, eta erakundeak independentzia maila altua
duela kontuan hartuta, bankuen ikuskari gisa izango dituen zeregin berri horiek
kontrol demokratikoko mekanismoak ere behar dituzte, EBZ bere egintzen arduradun
eginarazteko, alegia, bere jarduerak zertatik datozen edo erabakiak hartzeko
zer argudio lantzen dituen azaldu beharra izango du.
As is well known, during last times the ECB has undertook new
powers in terms of a prudential supervision upon credit institutions. This has
meant, probably, a more direct impact on particulars regarding the classic monetary
function. From the democratic logic, and considering the high level of independence
by the institution, the new functions as banking supervisor are to be accompanied
with democratic supervisory mechanisms that let BCE to be accountable for its
actions, explaining the reasons for its activities or the grounds upon which its
decisions are adopted.
EL TRIBUNAL DE JUSTICIA Y LA TUTELA DE LOS DERECHOS EN LA UNIÓN ECONÓMICA Y MONETARIA EUROPEA
Authors: DONAIRE VILLA FRANCISCO JAVIER 
Published: March 2021

Este artículo analiza el papel del Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión
Europea (TJUE) respecto a la tutela de los derechos fundamentales en el ámbito
de la Unión Económica y Monetaria (UEM). En particular, se examina la desigual y
todavía escasa jurisprudencia generada en relación con la protección y observancia
de la Carta de los Derechos Fundamentales de la UE (CDFUE) en los respectivos
marcos del Mecanismo Europeo de Estabilidad (MEDE), de los procedimientos
comunitarios por déficits públicos excesivos de los Estados miembros, de las
Agencias Europeas de gobernanza de los servicios financieros, de la actuación
del Banco Central Europeo (BCE) en el Mecanismo Único de Supervisión (MUS),
así como los aspectos teóricos de ese control, aún no efectivamente ejercido, en
el contexto de la política monetaria y en el del Mecanismo Único de Resolución
(MUR).
Europako Ekonomia eta Diru Batasunean oinarrizko eskubideak
zaintzen Europar Batasuneko Justizia Auzitegiak zer lan egiten duen aztertuko
dugu artikulu honetan. Zehazki, aztertuko dugu zertan diren hauek guztiak: Europar
Batasuneko Oinarrizko Eskubideen Gutuna betearazteko eta babesteko sortu
den jurisprudentzia (oraindik parekatu gabea eta eskasa), Egonkortasunerako Mekanismo
Europarraren esparru bakoitzean; estatu kideen gehiegizko defizit publikoek
eragindako prozedura komunitarioak; finantza-zerbitzuak gobernatzeko Agentzia
Europarrak; Europako Banku Zentralaren jarduna, Gainbegiratzeko Mekanismo
Bakarrean, bai eta kontrol horren aspektu teorikoak ere, kontrola oraindik guztiz
gauzatu ez bada ere, moneta-politikaren eta Ebazpenetarako Mekanismo Bakarraren
testuinguruan.
This article analyzes the role of the Court of Justice in the
protection of fundamental rights in the field of economic and monetary union.
It surveys the still scarce and unequal case law relating to the fulfilment of and
the respect to the EU¿s Charter of Fundamental Rights. In particular, it is surveyed
herein the case law recently generated in relation to the Memorandum of
Understanding in the framework of the European Stability Mechanism (ESM), the
communautarian procedures of excessive déficits and of economic imbalances,
the acts of the European Central Bank in the Single Supervision Mechanism
(SSM), as well as the theoretical aspects of such control, not actually performed
as yet, within the domains of the monetary policy and the Single Resolution
Mechanism (SRM).
EL CONTROL DE LAS AGENCIAS DEL SISTEMA EUROPEO DE SUPERVISIÓN FINANCIERA POR LA SALA DE RECURSO Y EL TRIBUNAL DE JUSTICIA DE LA UNIÓN EUROPEA
Authors: CIENFUEGOS MATEO MANUEL 
Published: March 2021

El objeto de esta investigación es exponer las vías de recurso
existentes frente a las decisiones de las Autoridades Europeas de Supervisión (la
Autoridad Bancaria Europea, la Autoridad Europea de Valores y Mercados y la Autoridad
Europea de Seguros y Pensiones de Jubilación) ante la Sala de Recurso
común a estas tres agencias y, a renglón seguido, los recursos frente a las decisiones
de este órgano de naturaleza peculiar y los medios directos de impugnación
de las acciones y omisiones de las tres agencias europeas (recursos de anulación,
omisión y de responsabilidad extracontractual) ante el Tribunal de Justicia de la
Unión Europea.
Ikerketa honen bidez Ikuskapenerako Europako Agintaritzek
(Europako Banku Agintaritza, Baloreen eta Merkatuaren Europako Agintaritza eta
Aseguruen eta Erretiro Pentsioen Europako Agintaritza) hartutako erabakien kontra
hiru agentzia horien Errekurtso Aretoan errekurtsoak jartzeko zer bide dauden
azaldu nahi dugu, eta, segidan, izaera bereziko organo horren erabakien aurrean
zer errekurtso jar daitezkeen eta hiru agentzia europarren egiteak eta ez egiteak
aurkatzeko zer zuzeneko bide dauden Europar Batasuneko Justizia Epaitegiaren
aurrean (ezeztatzeko errekurtsoak, ez egiteen kontrakoak eta kontratuz kanpoko
erruaren ondoriozko erantzukizunaren errekurtsoak) .
The purpose of this investigation is to set out the existing
remedies against the decisions of the European Supervisory Authorities (the
European Banking Authority, the European Securities and Markets Authority and
the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority) before the Board
of Appeal, an organ common to this tree agencies, and, subsequently, the actions
before the Court of Justice of the European Union against the decisions of this
peculiar body and the direct remedies against the three European agencies actions
and omissions (proceedings for annulment, failure to act and non-contractual
liability) before the Court of Justice of the European Union.
Ирфоний қасидаларни ўрганишнинг ўзига хос қийинчиликлари (Хоқонийнинг ирфоний қасидалари мисолида)
Authors: Джумаева Камола 
Published: March 2021

Марказий Осиёдан етишиб чиққан диний ва дунёвий илм аҳлининг илм-фан ва маънавий тараққиётига қўшган ҳиссаси маълум ва машҳур. Аждодларимиз яратган бадиий адабиёт намуналари ҳам ўз бағрида не-не сирларни яшириб келмоқда ва умумбашарий ижтимоий маънавий тараққиётда уларнинг ўрни ва аҳамияти ҳануз етарли очиб берилган дейиш қийин. Ирфоний адабиёт ва бу адабиёт замирида илгари сурилган ғоялар фикримизнинг исботи ҳисобланади. Ушбу мақолада ирфоний адаббиёт, ирфоний аддабиётнинг сарой адабиётига кириб келиши ва унга туртки бўлганн омиллар, ирфоний қасидаларнинг ўзига хос қийинчиликлари ХИИ аср форс мумтоз шеъриятининг ёрқин вакилларидан бири Хоқоний Ширвонийнинг ирфоний қасидалари мисолида очиб берилди.
Pemanfaatan Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) dalam Penanganan Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kurnia Dede Christian 
Published: March 2021

Diabetes Melitus (DM) atau yang lebih di kenal dengan sebutan kencing manis, merupakan salah satu penyakit yang disebabkan tingginya gula darah disertai dengan gangguan metabolisme karbohidrat, lemak, dan protein sebagai akibat ketidakcukupan fungsi insulin. penelitian dari Hendra Stevani, dkk tahun 2016 mengenai efektifitas Rebusan Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Mencit (Mus musculus). Daun kersen terbukti dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah yang dilakukan pada hewan percobaan berupa mencit, dengan konsentrasi 15%
Geochemical zones and environmental gradients for soils from the central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica
Authors: Diaz Melisa A. , Gardner Christopher B. , Welch Susan A. , Jackson W. Andrew , Adams Byron J. , Wall Diana H. , Hogg Ian D. , Fierer Noah , Lyons W. Berry 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Previous studies have established links between
biodiversity and soil geochemistry in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica,
where environmental gradients are important determinants of soil
biodiversity. However, these gradients are not well established in the
central Transantarctic Mountains, which are thought to represent some of the
least hospitable Antarctic soils. We analyzed 220 samples from 11 ice-free
areas along the Shackleton Glacier (∼ 85∘ S), a
major outlet glacier of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. We established three
zones of distinct geochemical gradients near the head of the glacier
(upper), its central part (middle), and at the mouth (lower). The upper zone had the
highest water-soluble salt concentrations with total salt concentrations
exceeding 80 000 µg g−1, while the lower zone had the lowest
water-soluble N:P ratios, suggesting that, in addition to other parameters
(such as proximity to water and/or ice), the lower zone likely represents the most
favorable ecological habitats. Given the strong dependence of geochemistry
on geographic parameters, we developed multiple linear regression and random
forest models to predict soil geochemical trends given latitude, longitude,
elevation, distance from the coast, distance from the glacier, and soil
moisture (variables which can be inferred from remote measurements).
Confidence in our random forest model predictions was moderately high with
R2 values for total water-soluble salts, water-soluble N:P,
ClO4-, and ClO3- of 0.81, 0.88, 0.78, and 0.74,
respectively. These modeling results can be used to predict geochemical
gradients and estimate salt concentrations for other Transantarctic Mountain
soils, information that can ultimately be used to better predict
distributions of soil biota in this remote region.
A solar optical hyperspectral library of rare-earth-bearing minerals, rare-earth oxide powders, copper-bearing minerals and Apliki mine surface samples
Authors: Koerting Friederike , Koellner Nicole , Kuras Agnieszka , Boesche Nina Kristin , Rogass Christian , Mielke Christian , Elger Kirsten , Altenberger Uwe 
Published: March 2021

Abstract. Mineral resource exploration and mining is an essential part of today's high-tech industry. Elements such as rare-earth elements (REEs) and copper
are, therefore, in high demand. Modern exploration techniques from multiple platforms (e.g., spaceborne and airborne), to detect and map the spectral
characteristics of the materials of interest, require spectral libraries as an essential reference. They include field and laboratory spectral
information in combination with geochemical analyses for validation. Here, we present a collection of REE- and copper-related hyperspectral spectra
with associated geochemical information. The libraries contain reflectance spectra from rare-earth element oxides, REE-bearing minerals,
copper-bearing minerals and mine surface samples from the Apliki copper–gold–pyrite mine in the Republic of Cyprus. The samples were measured with
the HySpex imaging spectrometers in the visible and near infrared (VNIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) range (400–2500 nm). The geochemical
validation of each sample is provided with the reflectance spectra. The spectral libraries are openly available to assist future mineral mapping
campaigns and laboratory spectroscopic analyses. The spectral libraries and corresponding geochemistry are published via GFZ Data Services with the
following DOIs: https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.004 (13 REE-bearing minerals and 16 oxide powders, Koerting et al., 2019a),
https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.003 (20 copper-bearing minerals, Koellner et al., 2019), and https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.1.4.2019.005 (37 copper-bearing surface
material samples from the Apliki copper–gold–pyrite mine in Cyprus, Koerting et al., 2019b). All spectral libraries are united and comparable by
the internally consistent method of hyperspectral data acquisition in the laboratory.