bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STOML2 interacts with PHB through Activating MAPK Signaling Pathway to Promote Colorectal Cancer Proliferation
Authors: Ma Wenhui , Chen Yuehong , Xiong Wenjun , Li Wenyi , Xu Zhuoluo , Wang Ying , Wei Zhigang , Mou Tingyu , Wu Zhaokun , Chen Mingzhen , Zou Yini , Zhu Yu , Zhou Weijie , Liu Feng , Geng Yan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
BackgroundHighly expressed STOML2 has been reported in a variety of cancers, yet few have detailed its function and regulatory mechanism. This research aims to reveal regulatory mechanism of STOML2 and to provide evidence for clinical therapeutics, via exploration of its role in colorectal cancer, and identification of its interacting protein. MethodsExpression level of STOML2 in normal colon and CRC tissue from biobank in Nanfang Hospital was detected by pathologic methods. The malignant proliferation of CRC induced by STOML2 was validated via gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments, with novel techniques applied, such as organoid culture, orthotopic model and endoscopy monitoring. Yeast two-hybrid assay screened interacting proteins of STOML2, followed by bioinformatics analysis to predict biological function and signaling pathway of candidate proteins. Target protein with most functional similarity to STOML2 was validated with co-immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence were conducted to co-localize STOML2 and PHB. Pathway regulated by STOML2 was detected with immunoblotting, and subsequent experimental therapy was conducted with RAF inhibitor Sorafenib.ResultsSTOML2 was significantly overexpressed in colorectal cancer and its elevation was associated with unfavorable prognosis. Knockdown of STOML2 suppressed proliferation of colorectal cancer, thus attenuated subcutaneous and orthotopic tumor growth, while overexpressed STOML2 promoted proliferation in cell lines and organoids. A list of 13 interacting proteins was screened out by yeast two-hybrid assay. DTYMK and PHB were identified to be most similar to STOML2 according to bioinformatics in terms of biological process and signaling pathways; however, co-immunoprecipitation confirmed interaction between STOML2 and PHB, rather than DTYMK, despite its highest rank in previous analysis. Co-localization between STOML2 and PHB was confirmed in cell lines and tissue level. Furthermore, knockdown of STOML2 downregulated phosphorylation of RAF1, MEK1/2, ERK1/2 and ELK1 on the MAPK signaling pathway, indicating common pathway activated by STOML2 and PHB in colorectal cancer proliferation.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that in colorectal cancer, STOML2 expression is elevated and interacts with PHB through activating MAPK signaling pathway, to promote proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, combination of screening assay and bioinformatics marks great significance in methodology to explore regulatory mechanism of protein of interest.
Adsorption of Methyl Violet Dye From Wastewater Using Poly(Methacrylic Acid-co-acrylamide)/bentonite Nanocomposite Hydrogels
Authors: Safarzadeh Hamid , Mousavi Seyed Hamed , Peighambardoust Seyed Jamaleddin , Mohammadi Reza , Peighambardoust Seyed Hadi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
One of the major environmental problems is the entry of colored pollutants into the oceans and seas. Adsorption is one of the effective methods to eliminate colorant polluting materials from wastewater streams. In this study, nanocomposite hydrogels of poly(methacrylic acid-co-acrylamide) (Poly(MAA-co-AAm)) containing different weight percent bentonite clay nanoparticles (0, 5, 10, and 15 wt. %) were used to remove methyl violet (MV) dye. FTIR, SEM, TGA, and XRD were used to analyze the properties of adsorbents. Results showed that bentonite nanoparticles were successfully distributed in the hydrogel system. Bentonite nanoparticles at 10 wt. % gave the maximum MV dye adsorption efficiency. The highest adsorption was obtained at a pH of 5, an adsorbent dosage of 1.5 g/L, a temperature of 25°C, a contact time of 60 min, and a pollutant concentration of 10 mg/L. In thermodynamics studies, a negative values of Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) indicating that the adsorption process was spontaneous. In addition, Poly(MAA-co-AAm) hydrogels and Poly(MAA-co-AAm)/bentonite nanocomposite hydrogels gave the adsorption enthalpy (ΔH°) of 22.2 and 47.4 KJ/mol. Langmuir isotherm model was successfully applied in describing the equilibrium behavior of the adsorption process. To investigate the adsorption kinetics, we used pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and Elovich models. The kinetic study showed that the pseudo-second-order model was more successful in describing the kinetic behavior of the adsorption process than pseudo-first-order and Elovich models. Incorporating bentonite clay nanoparticles in Poly(MAA-co-AAm) nanocomposite hydrogels significantly improved the adsorption and swelling efficiencies of these hydrogels.
Is the Thiel-embalmed cadaver model a good option for colorectal laparoscopic surgery training programs?A survey on trainees and professors
Authors: Prieto-Nieto Maria Isabel , Rubio-Perez Ines , Torres Alexander Forero , Andrés Beatriz Díaz San , Gomez Luis Asensio , Labajo Hector Guadalajara , Clascá Francisco , Ruiz-Tovar Jaime 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Colorectal surgery is one of the most demanding surgical subspecialties, where trainees need to have a deep knowledge and understanding of the anatomy plus acquire specific technical skills. The use of human cadavers as a training modality is a very good option as they are anatomically identical to the patients. The Thiel-embalming method has demonstrated to allow laparoscopic surgical training. Objective: The aim of this study was to evalutate the idoneity of Thiel embalmed cadavers for training the surgical skills necessary for laparoscopic colorectal surgery.Design: Prospective observational studySettings: University Medical InstitutionSubjects: Trainees and faculties attending to the training course of laparoscopic colorectal surgery on Thiel-embalmed cadaversInterventions: A specific questionnaire was designed to evaluate the training experience.Main outcome measures: 11 questions about the Thiel cadavers, skills, and performance.Results: 41 participants (24 trainees and 17 teachers) completed the questionnaire. 94.1% of teachers and 88% of trainees considered the Thiel cadaver to be a better model for laparoscopic surgery practice than animal models. 82.4% of the teachers and 72% of the trainees believed that training with a Thiel-embalmed cadaver should be a compulsory part of the training before performing colorrectal surgery in vivo. However, 88% of the trainees and 70.6% of the teachers considered that this model lacked authenticity due to the absence of bleeding.Limitations: Data obtained from only one course.Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgical training using Thiel-embalmed cadaver models can be a realistic and feasible option to develop technical skills in surgical residents and junior consultants.
Zinc Ion Thermogalvanic Cell: A New Strategy for Low-Grade Heat Conversion and Energy Storage
Authors: Li Zhiwei , Xu Yinghong , Wu Langyuan , An Yufeng , Sun Yao , Meng Tingting , Dou Hui , Xuan Yimin , Zhang Xiaogang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Converting low-grade heat from environment into electricity shows great sustainability for mitigating the energy crisis and adjusting energy configuration. However, the thermally rechargeable devices suffer from poor Seebeck coefficient when a semiconductor or ionic electrolyte is typically employed. Breaking the convention of thermoelectric systems, we propose and demonstrate a new zinc ion thermogalvanic cell to generate electricity from low-grade heat via the thermo-extraction/insertion and thermodiffusion process of insertion-type cathode (VO2-PC) and stripping/plating behavior of Zn anode. Based on this strategy, a high thermopower of ~ 15 mV k− 1 and an excellent output power of 1.2 mW can be impressively obtained. Besides, a high specific capacity and a superior durability are originated from coupling of VO2-PC and Zn. This work with extraordinary energy conversion efficiency and satisfying energy storage capability will pave the way toward construction of thermoelectric setups with attractive property for high value-added utilization of low-grade heat.
Effects of Hydrocortisone Combined with Vitamin C and Vitamin B1 Versus Hydrocortisone Alone on Microcirculation in Patients with Septic Shock: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Trial
Authors: Wang Jinlong , Song Qianwen , Yang Shuhe , Wang Haofei , Meng Shanshan , Huang Lili , Li Qing , Xu Jingyuan , Xie Jianfeng , Huang Yingzi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Hydrocortisone combined with vitamin C and vitamin B1 is a promising treatment for septic shock. This study aimed to investigate the effects of hydrocortisone combined with vitamin C and vitamin B1 versus hydrocortisone alone on microcirculation in patients with septic shock.Methods: This prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial enrolled septic shock patients admitted to the intensive care unit of a tertiary teaching hospital from February 1, 2019, to January 1, 2020. We randomly assigned the enrolled patients to the treatment group (hydrocortisone combined with vitamin C and vitamin B1 added to standard care) and control group (hydrocortisone alone added to standard care) in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome was the perfusion vascular density (PVD) 24 hours after treatment. We used the sublingual microcirculation imaging system to monitor the PVD. We further validated the primary outcome by observing differences in renal perfusion monitored by renal contrast-enhanced ultrasound between the treatment and control groups.Results: Twelve patients in the treatment group and ten in the control group completed the study. The baseline characteristics and hemodynamic parameters were comparable between the groups. No statistically significant difference was found in the PVD between the treatment and control groups at baseline. The PVD in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 4 hours after treatment (mean difference, 7.042; 95% CI, 2.227-11.857; P=0.009) and 24 hours after treatment (mean difference, 7.075; 95% CI, 2.390-11.759; P=0.008). The sublingual microcirculation parameters (proportion of perfusion vessels, total vascular density, microvascular flow index) and renal perfusion parameters (peak intensity, regional blood flow) in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group at 24 hours after treatment.Conclusions: Compared with hydrocortisone alone, hydrocortisone combined with vitamin C and vitamin B1 significantly improves microcirculation in patients with septic shock. The findings are further supported by improved renal perfusion in the treatment group.Trial registration: Protocol Registration and Results System, NCT03821714. Registered 19 January 2019, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov
Utility of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Management of Pediatric Pancreaticobiliary Disease
Authors: Makita Satoshi , Amano Hizuru , Kawashima Hiroki , Hinoki Akinari , Shirota Chiyoe , Tainaka Takahisa , Sumida Wataru , Yokota Kazuki , Okamoto Masamune , Takimoto Aitaro , Yasui Akihiro , Nakagawa Yoichi , Uchida Hiroo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in pediatric patients with pancreaticobiliary diseases.Methods: A retrospective review was performed on patients who underwent ERCP for the treatment of biliary tract disease and detailed examination of pancreatitis at our institution from January 1999 to December 2020.Results: ERCP was performed for congenital biliary dilatation (n = 42), choledocholithiasis (n = 9), common bile duct stenosis (n = 1), and several types of pancreatitis (n = 13). The only severe complication of ERCP was common bile duct injury. Three (5.8%) of 52 biliary diseases failed to be treated by ERCP. All patients with pancreatic disease were correctly diagnosed and treated.Conclusion: Endoscopic biliary drainage with a temporary stent was adequate for symptomatic relief. Stenting of the pancreatic duct was useful for improving the angulation and drainage of the pancreatic duct. ERCP was useful for understanding the anatomy of the pancreatic duct and revealing potential treatments. Therefore, ERCP and transendoscopic therapy are sufficiently feasible in pediatric patients and should be actively introduced for the investigation and treatment of pancreaticobiliary diseases.
Evaluation of Public Compliance with Health Protocols on A New Normal Era During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia
Authors: Maula Sheyla Najwatul , Pramana Cipta , Sitepu Nadroh Br. , Rahmini Juwi Athia , Sulistyawati Ari , Simanjuntak Betty Yosephin , Hidayah Himyatul , Lisnawati Ketut , Hadi Irwan , Rochmat Agus , Pribadi Prasojo , Gunawan Shirly 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background: Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are characterized by mild upper respiratory tract infections, non-life-threatening lower respiratory tract infections, and life-threatening pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Higher intensity exposure causes complications and even death especially in individuals with comorbidities such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and other metabolic diseases. Health protocols are already in place, but their implementation is not yet optimum and consequently directly affects the increase sharply in the number of cases which are increasing day by day, down to the normal era. This study aims to evaluate community adherence to health protocols during the new normal in Indonesia.Methods:This research was conducted using media technology in the google form questionnaire. The number of respondents was 533 people. There are 35 questions from processes to the final outcome of health protocol components and necessary conditions to achieve indicators of evaluation result. The inferential statistical test used in this study is Chi-Square.Results:Results reveal significant relationships between education and social distancing and the habit of washing hands, with p value <0.05. The same results were also found for relationships between occupation and frequency of body temperature measurement, the use of masks, and the habit of washing hands. However, it was found that relationships between education and frequency of body temperature measurement, the use of masks, and the habit of washing were insignificant, with p value>0.05. The same results were also found for relationships between occupation and social distancing.Conclusion:Evaluation of community compliance with health protocols show some improvement as has been proven with significant relationships of some variables. Nonetheless, variables such as relationships between education and body temperature measurement and the use of masks, as well as relationships between occupation and social distancing still require further evaluation.
Influence of Respiratory Gas Density on Tidal Volume During Pressure-Controlled Ventilation: A Laboratory Investigation and Observational Study in Children.
Authors: Takahashi Kazuhiro , Toyama Hiroaki , Funahashi Yutaro , Kawana Shin , Ejima Yutaka , Kikuchi Kenji , Ishikawa Takuji , Yamauchi Masanori 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Fluid mechanics shows that high-density gases need more energy while flowing through a endo-tracheal tube. This means that during general anesthesia, high-density gases left less energy for lung inflation under pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV). However, the impact have not been studied. This study investigated the effects of high-density anesthetic gases on tidal volume (TV) in laboratory and clinical settings.In laboratory study, a test lung was ventilated at fixed PCV with 22 different gas compositions (density range, 1.22-2.27 kg/m3) using an Avance® anesthesia machine. The TV of the test lung and the respiratory gas composition were recorded by a pneumotachometer. As a result, the TV of the test lung decreased as the respiratory gas density increased. In clinical study, the change in TV/body weight, accompanied by gas composition change (2% sevoflurane in oxygen and with 0-30-60% of N2O), was recorded in 30 pediatric patients. Median TV/body weight decreased by 10% when the respiratory gas density increased from 1.41 kg/m3 to 1.70 kg/m3, indicating a significant between-group difference (P<0.0001). In both laboratory and clinical settings, an increase in respiratory gas density decreases the TV during PCV, and it could be well explained by the theory of fluid dynamics.
A Novel cDNA-uPA/SCID/Rag2-/-/Jak3-/- Mouse Model for Hepatitis Virus Infection and Reconstruction of Human Immune System
Authors: Uchida Takuro , Teraoka Yuji , Imamura Michio , Fujino Hatsue , Ono Atsushi , Nakahara Takashi , Murakami Eisuke , Yamauchi Masami , Kawaoka Tomokazu , Miki Daiki , Abe-Chayama Hiromi , Makokha Grace Naswa , Hayes C. Nelson , Aikata Hiroshi , Hamamura Satoko , Ishida Yuji , Tateno Chise , Shirouzu Takayuki , Kawai Shintaro , Tanaka Yuka , Ohdan Hideki , Okada Seiji , Chayama Kazuaki 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The humanized mouse is a widely used in vivo model for the investigation of pathogenesis and drug development. In this study, we generated new immunodeficiency cDNA-urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA)/SCID/Rag2-/-/Jak3-/- mice and established the mouse model with a humanized liver and immune system. Transplantation of human hepatocytes with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A24 resulted in establishment of a highly replaced liver in this mouse model. These mice were successfully infected with hepatitis B virus and hepatis C virus (HCV) for a prolonged period and are available for the analysis of the effect of anti-HCV drugs. Administration of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from a donor with HLA-A24 resulted in the establishment of 22.6–81.3% of human CD45-positive mononuclear cell chimerism in liver infiltrating cells without causing graft versus host disease. When mice were transplanted with human hepatocytes and then administered PBMCs, an alloimmune response between transplanted human hepatocytes and PBMCs occurred, with production of transplanted hepatocyte-specific anti-HLA antibody. The alloimmunity was never inhibited by methylprednisolone nor cyclosporine A. In conclusion, we succeeded in establishing a humanized liver and immune system using a novel cDNA-uPA/SCID/Rag2-/-/Jak3-/- mouse. This model is not only useful to study hepatitis virus virology but also to study alloimmunity.
Quantum-Circuit Black Hole Lasers
Authors: Katayama Haruna 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
A black hole laser in analogues of gravity amplifies Hawking radiation, which is unlikely to be measured in real black holes, and makes it observable. There have been proposals to realize such black hole lasers. However, no progress has been made in electric circuits. Here we propose an optical analogue black hole laser in Josephson transmission lines incorporating metamaterial elements capable of producing Hawking-pair propagation modes and a Kerr nonlinearity due to the Josephson nonlinear inductance. A single dark soliton obeying the nonlinear Schrodinger equation produces a black hole-white hole horizon pair that acts as a laser cavity through a change in the refractive index due to the Kerr effect. We show that the resulting laser is a squeezed-state laser derived from Hawking radiation and then characterized by squeezing parameters related to Hawking temperatures depending on the soliton velocity. We also evaluate the degree of quantum correlation using entanglement entropy.
Passive-Sampler-Based Bioavailability Assessment of PCB Congeners Associated With Aroclor-containing Paint Chips in the Presence of Sediment
Authors: Lotufo Guilherme , Gidley Philip , McQueen Andrew , Moore David , Edwards Deborah , Hardenstine Jeffery , Uhler Allen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This is the first investigation of the bioavailability of PCBs associated with paint chips (PC) dispersed in sediment. Bioavailability of PCB-containing PC in sediment was measured using ex situ polyethylene passive samplers (PS) and compared to that of PCBs from field-collected sediments. PC were mixed in freshwater sediment from a site with no known PCB contamination sources and from a contaminated site with non-paint PCB sources. Particles <0.045 mm generated concentrations in the PS over one order of magnitude higher than coarser particles. The bioavailable fraction was represented by the polymer-sediment accumulation factor (PSAF), defined as the ratio of the PCB concentrations in the PS and organic carbon normalized sediment. The PSAF was similar for both field sediments and was ~50-60 and ~ 5 times higher than for the 0.25-0.3 mm and <0.045 mm fractions, respectively, of PC mixed in sediment. These results indicate much lower bioavailability for PCBs associated with PC compared to PCBs associated with field-collected sediment. Such information is essential for risk assessment and remediation decision making for sites where contamination from non-paint PCBs sources are co-located with PCB PC.
lncRNA NONHSAT030515 Promotes the Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells via Regulating the miR-490-5p/BMPR2 Axis
Authors: Yang Qinqin , Guo Jiajia , Ren Zhijing , Li bo , Huang Haifeng , Yang Zhen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Aim: Chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) is an important tissue in cartilage generation and degradation. LncRNAs play an essential role in stem cell differentiation. However, the role and mechanism of lncRNA in hADSCs remain unclear. Our previous study showed that miR-490-5p was downregulated during chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs). In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of lncRNA NONHSAT030515 interacting with miR-490-5p on chondrogenic differentiation of hADSCs. Methods: Alcin blue staining was used to assess the deposition of chondromatrix proteins following chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of collagenⅡ. TargetScan, miRTarBase and miRDB database analysis were applied to find the miRNA and target genes of lncRNA NONHSAT030515. A dual luciferase experiment was conducted to identify the direct target of NONHSAT030515. pcDNA3.1- NONHSAT030515 transfection and sh- NONHSAT030515 treatment were conducted to verify the role of lncRNA NONHSAT030515 in chondrogenic differentiation. The levels of Aggrecan, SOX9 and COL2A1 were analyzed by qRT-PCR and western blot assay. Results: Alcian blue staining, immunocytochemical, qRT-PCR, and Western blot have determined that lncRNA NONHSAT030515 can promote the chondrogenic differentiation of hADSCs. By luciferase reporter assay, it was confirmed that miR-490- 5p was the direct target and the BMPR2 was the target gene of NONHSAT030515. Up-regulation of NONHSAT030515 promoted BMPR2 protein expression and promoted chondrogenic differentiation whereas down-regulation of NONHSAT030515 caused completely opposite results. Conclusion: LncRNA NONHSAT030515 regulated by miR-490-5p promotes the chondrogenic differentiation of hADSCs targeting BMPR2.
A New Diagnostic Approach to COVID-19 Patients; Co-Evaluation of Clinical Laboratory Findings With Radiological CT Results
Authors: BALIK Ahmet Rıfat , YÜCEL Çiğdem , SERTOĞLU Erdim , YAVUZ Özlem , TAŞKIN Gürhan , AKKOYUN Emrah , ARDA Kemal Niyazi , ÖZGÜRTAŞ Taner 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.