bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric surgical site infection (SSI) following ambulatory surgery: Incidence, risk factors and patient outcomes
Authors: Rinke Michael L. , Bundy David G. , Heo Moonseong , Saiman Lisa , Rabin Barbara , Zachariah Philip , Rosenberg Rebecca E. , DeLaMora Patricia , Mirhaji Parsa , Drasher Michael , Klein Elizabeth , Obaro-Best Oghale , Ford William J.H. , Zarowin Diana , Peshansky Alexandre , Oyeku Suzette O. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackground:Inpatient surgical site infections (SSIs) cause morbidity in children. The SSI rate among pediatric ambulatory surgery patients is less clear. To fill this gap, we conducted a multiple-institution, retrospective epidemiologic study to identify incidence, risk factors, and outcomes.Methods:We identified patients aged <22 years with ambulatory visits between October 2010 and September 2015 via electronic queries at 3 medical centers. We performed sample chart reviews to confirm ambulatory surgery and adjudicate SSIs. Weighted Poisson incidence rates were calculated. Separately, we used case–control methodology using multivariate backward logistical regression to assess risk-factor association with SSI.Results:In total, 65,056 patients were identified by queries, and we performed complete chart reviews for 13,795 patients; we identified 45 SSIs following ambulatory surgery. The weighted SSI incidence following pediatric ambulatory surgery was 2.00 SSI per 1,000 ambulatory surgeries (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.37–3.00). Integumentary surgeries had the highest weighted SSI incidence, 3.24 per 1,000 ambulatory surgeries (95% CI, 0.32–12). The following variables carried significantly increased odds of infection: clean contaminated or contaminated wound class compared to clean (odds ratio [OR], 9.8; 95% CI, 2.0–48), other insurance type compared to private (OR, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.6–9.8), and surgery on weekend day compared to weekday (OR, 30; 95% CI, 2.9–315). Of the 45 instances of SSI following pediatric ambulatory surgery, 40% of patients were admitted to the hospital and 36% required a new operative procedure or bedside incision and drainage.Conclusions:Our findings suggest that morbidity is associated with SSI following ambulatory surgery in children, and we also identified possible targets for intervention.
Is there a relationship between dietary sodium and potassium intake and clinical findings of a migraine headache?
Authors: Arab Arman , Khorvash Fariborz , Heidari Zahra , Askari Gholamreza 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFew studies have assessed the association between sodium (Na) and potassium (K) and migraine headaches. In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between 24-hour urine Na and K intakes and clinical findings of migraine in an Iranian sample. In this cross-sectional study, 262 participants, aged 20–50 years, were included with a body mass index (BMI) of 18·5–30 kg/m2 and a diagnosis of migraine. One 24-hour urine sample was collected from each subject to estimate the Na and K intakes. The clinical features of migraine, including frequency, duration, severity, Migraine Headache Index Score (MHIS), and Headache Impact Test (HIT) score, were assessed. Besides, a multiple linear regression analysis was performed, and beta estimates and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. Overall, 224 women and 38 men, with a mean age of 36·10 years and BMI of 25·55 kg/m2comprised our study population. After controlling for potential confounders, the 24-hour urine Na was positively associated with a longer headache duration (β= 0·29; 95% CI: 0·06, 0·53) in the group with the highest urine Na levels as compared to the group with the lowest levels. After adjustments for potential confounders, an increase of 13·05 in the MHIS was observed when the 24-hour urine Na level increased from the first to the third tertile (β= 13·05; 95% CI: 1·70, 24·41). Our findings suggested that a higher 24-hour urine Na level was positively associated with a longer duration of migraine headaches and a higher MHIS.
The impact of personality on the risk and survival of breast cancer: a Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Ying Li , Chen Songzan , Li Ling , Pan Zhijun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundIt has long been hypothesized that personality plays a causative role in incidence and outcome of breast cancer (BC), but epidemiological evidence of association between personality and BC is inconsistent.MethodWe used two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to estimate the impact of personality on the risk and survival of BC. In total, 109 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were utilized as instruments of neuroticism from a large-scale Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS), and five SNPs were utilized as instruments of extraversion from Genetic of Personality Consortium and 23andMe. Genetic association with the risk and survival of overall and individual subtype BC were obtained from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium.ResultNeuroticism is significantly associated with the risk of overall BC [odds ratio (OR) 1.06; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.11; p = 0.015] and the risk of luminal A BC (OR 1.09; 95% CI 1.03–1.16; p = 0.004). Extraversion is not associated with the risk of BC. None of neuroticism or extraversion is associated with the survival of BC.ConclusionNeuroticism was associated with a modest increased risk of BC and particularly luminal A BC.
‘The metaphysical objection’ and concurrentist co-operation
Authors: Miller Timothy D. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe foundation of W. Matthews Grant's project in Free Will and God's Universal Causality is his Non-Occasionalist version of Divine Universal Causality (NODUC), which affirms the traditional concurrentist idea that God and secondary causes cooperate non-superfluously in such a way that they both produce the entire effect. Grant defends NODUC's concurrentist account by responding to ‘The Metaphysical Objection’, which alleges that concurrentism places an inconsistent set of demands upon secondary causes. I argue that Grant's responses to that objection are unconvincing, and thus, he fails to demonstrate that NODUC is a stable foundation for the rest of his project.
Doubly pointed trisection diagrams and surgery on 2-knots
Authors: GAY DAVID , MEIER JEFFREY 
Published: August 2021

AbstractWe study embedded spheres in 4–manifolds (2–knots) via doubly pointed trisection diagrams, showing that such descriptions are unique up to stabilisation and handleslides, and we describe how to obtain trisection diagrams for certain cut-and-paste operations along 2–knots directly from doubly pointed trisection diagrams. The operations described are classical surgery, Gluck surgery, blowdown, and (±4)–rational blowdown, and we illustrate our techniques and results with many examples.
Midlife Vascular Factors and Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Late-Life in Mexico
Authors: Arce Rentería Miguel , Manly Jennifer J. , Vonk Jet M.J. , Mejia Arango Silvia , Michaels Obregon Alejandra , Samper-Ternent Rafael , Wong Rebeca , Barral Sandra , Tosto Giuseppe 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjective:To estimate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its subtypes and investigate the impact of midlife cardiovascular risk factors on late-life MCI among the aging Mexican population.Method:Analyses included a sample of non-demented adults over the age of 55 living in both urban and rural areas of Mexico (N = 1807). MCI diagnosis was assigned based on a comprehensive cognitive assessment assessing the domains of memory, executive functioning, language, and visuospatial ability. The normative sample was selected by means of the robust norms approach. Cognitive impairment was defined by a 1.5-SD cut-off per cognitive domain using normative corrections for age, years of education, and sex. Risk factors included age, education, sex, rurality, depression, insurance status, workforce status, hypertension, diabetes, stroke, and heart disease.Results:The prevalence of amnestic MCI was 5.9%. Other MCI subtypes ranged from 4.2% to 7.7%. MCI with and without memory impairment was associated with older age (OR = 1.01 [1.01, 1.05]; OR = 1.03 [1.01, 1.04], respectively) and residing in rural areas (OR = 1.49 [1.08, 2.06]; OR = 1.35 [1.03, 1.77], respectively). Depression (OR = 1.07 [1.02, 1.12]), diabetes (OR = 1.37 [1.03, 1.82]), and years of education (OR = 0.94 [0.91, 0.97]) were associated with MCI without memory impairment. Midlife CVD increased the odds of MCI in late-life (OR = 1.76 [1.19, 2.59], which was driven by both midlife hypertension and diabetes (OR = 1.70 [1.18, 2.44]; OR = 1.88 [1.19, 2.97], respectively).Conclusions:Older age, depression, low education, rurality, and midlife hypertension and diabetes were associated with higher risk of late-life MCI among older adults in Mexico. Our findings suggest that the causes of cognitive impairment are multifactorial and vary by MCI subtype.
Depressive symptoms among clients attending monk healers and primary care clinics in Thailand: a comparative follow-up study
Authors: Pengpid Supa , Peltzer Karl 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background:
The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative follow-up assessment of clients with depressive symptoms attending monk healers or primary care clinics in Thailand.

Methods:
Consecutively attending clients of three monk healing and three primary care centres who screened positive (a score of 9 or more) on the Primary Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 at the study site were followed up at 3 months after baseline assessment.

Results:
In 3 monk healer sites, 448 clients agreed to be screened with the PHQ-9 for depression, and 94 screened positive, and in 3 health centres 582 clients agreed to be screened, and 92 screened positive for depressive symptoms on the PHQ-9. In 2 monk healing sites, 79 clients (84%) were followed up at 3 months, and in 3 health centres, 79 clients (85.9%) were followed up at 3 months. At 3-month follow-up, mixed modelling found significant interaction effects (a time-by-condition interaction, i.e., between-group changes) on depression scores (P = <0.001). Depressive symptoms significantly decreased over time, but there was no significant difference in decline between the two groups.

Conclusion:
Clients attending monk healers decreased more in depressive scores compared to clients attending primary care centres, though there was no group effect with respect to number of depressed clients.
The challenges of ethical deliberation in palliative care settings: A descriptive study
Authors: Dumont Serge , Turcotte Véronique , Aubin Michèle , Casimiro Lynn , Lavoie Mireille , Picard Louise 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveInadequate deliberation processes about ethical problems occurring in palliative care settings may negatively impact both patients and healthcare professionals. Better knowledge of the palliative care professionals’ practices regarding such processes could help identify specific education needs to improve the quality of palliative care in the context of complex ethical situations. Therefore, this descriptive study aimed to (1) examine ethical deliberation processes in interprofessional teams in five palliative care settings; (2) identify organizational factors that constrain such processes; and (3) based on this knowledge, identify priority education needs for future and current palliative care professionals.MethodThe study involved three data collection activities: (1) direct observation of simulated interprofessional ethical deliberations in various palliative care settings; (2) individual semi-structured interviews; and (3) deliberative dialogues.ResultsThirty-six healthcare professionals took part in the simulated ethical deliberations and in the deliberative dialogue activities, and 13 were met in an individual interview. The study results revealed suboptimal interprofessional collaboration and ethical deliberation competencies, particularly regarding awareness of the ethical issue under consideration, clarification of conflicting values, reasonable decision making, and implementation planning. Participants also reported facing serious organizational constraints that challenged ethical deliberation processes.Significance of resultsThis study confirmed the need for professional education in interprofessional collaboration and ethical deliberation so that palliative care professionals can adequately face current and future ethical challenges. It also enabled the identification of educational priorities in this regard. Future research should focus on identifying promising educational activities, assessing their effectiveness, and measuring their impact on patient and family experience and the quality of palliative care.
Modification of Crust and Mantle Lithosphere Beneath the Southern Part of the Eastern North American Passive Margin
Authors: Li Cong , Gao Haiying 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe eastern North American passive margin was modified by Mesozoic rifting. Seismic data from recent deployment of onshore and offshore stations offer a unique opportunity for studying the signature of syn‐rifting and postrifting in lithospheric structures. Using full‐wave ambient noise tomography, we construct a new seismic velocity model for the lithosphere of the southeastern United States. Our model confirms an oceanic‐continental transitional crust over a ∼70 km wide zone across the coastline. Our model reveals (a) a patch of lower‐than‐average mantle lithospheric velocities underlying this transitional crust and (b) a low‐velocity column in the mantle lithosphere beneath the Virginia volcanoes. We propose that anomaly 1 represents cooled enriched mantle that underplated the thinning crust during the initial stages of rifting around 230 Ma. Anomaly 2 likely has a more recent origin in the Eocene and may result from an asthenospheric upwelling induced by a localized lithospheric delamination.
Refinement of Mean Dynamic Topography Over Island Areas Using Airborne Gravimetry and Satellite Altimetry Data in the Northwestern South China Sea
Authors: Wu Yihao , Abulaitijiang Adili , Andersen Ole Baltazar , He Xiufeng , Luo Zhicai , Wang Haihong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe determination of high‐quality mean dynamic topography (MDT) over island areas faces multiple challenges, due to the error in a global geopotential model (GGM) as well as the contaminated waveforms of satellite altimetry data and scarcity of surveyed gravimetric observations. We study the potential to enhance regional quasi‐geoid/MDT over island areas by using recently released satellite altimetric gravity data and airborne gravimetric observations. Numerical experiments over the Paracel Islands in the northwestern South China Sea show that the combination of airborne gravity data enhances the local gravity field, and reduces the errors in the associated quasi‐geoid, in comparison to the result directly derived from a GGM. The results demonstrate that the direct application of a GGM may cause significant oscillations in MDT determination over island areas, by a magnitude exceeding 6 cm. The incorporation of altimetric gravity data slightly reduces these errors; however, the bubble‐like errors are prominent, suggesting that altimetry data alone may be insufficient for high‐accuracy MDT recovery. In contrast, combining airborne gravity data dramatically reduces these oscillations, by a magnitude of several centimeters, indicating that airborne gravimetric surveys may be necessary for MDT determination with centimeter‐level accuracy over coastal/island areas. Further comparison with independent ocean data shows that the geostrophic velocities computed by merging a high‐degree GGM and local airborne gravity data can reconstruct real surface ocean circulation; and the GOCE‐based (Gravity Field and Steady‐State Ocean Circulation Explorer) GGMs may be preferable as the reference models in MDT determination.
A splicing variation in NPRL2 causing familial focal epilepsy with variable foci: additional cases and literature review
Authors: Zhang Jia , Shen Yajun , Yang Zuozhen , Yang Fan , Li Yang , Yu Bo , Chen Wanlin , Gan Jing 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNPRL2 (nitrogen permease regulator like 2) is a component of the GATOR1(GAP activity towards rags complex 1) proteins, which is an inhibitor of the amino acid-sensing branch of the mTORC1 pathway. GATOR1 complex variations were reported to correlate with familial focal epilepsy with variable foci (FFEVF). However, FFEVF caused byNPRL2variants has not been widely explored. Here, we describe a variant, 339+2T>C, inNPRL2identified by trio whole-exome sequencing (WES) in a family. This splicing variant that occurred at the 5′ end of exon 3 was confirmed by minigene assays, which affected alternative splicing and led to exon 3 skipping inNPRL2. Our cases presented multiple seizure types (febrile seizures, infantile spasms, focal seizures, or focal to generalized tonic-clonic seizures). Electroencephalogram (EEG) showed frequent discharges in the left frontal and central regions. A favorable prognosis was achieved in response to vitamin B6 and topiramate when the patient was seven months old. Our study expands the phenotype and genotype spectrum of FFEVF and provides solid diagnostic evidence for FFEVF.
Methyltransferase like 13 mediates the translation of Snail in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xiaochen , Li Kang , Wan Yuehan , Chen Fangfang , Cheng Maosheng , Xiong Gan , Wang Ganping , Chen Shuang , Chen Zhi , Chen Jianwen , Xu Xiuyun , Wang Cheng , Peng Liang , Chen Demeng 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMethyltransferase like 13 (METTL13), a kind of methyltransferase, is implicated in protein binding and synthesis. The upregulation of METTL13 has been reported in a variety of tumors. However, little was known about its potential function in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) so far. In this study, we found that METTL13 was significantly upregulated in HNSCC at both mRNA and protein level. Increased METTL13 was negatively associated with clinical prognosis. And METTL13 markedly affected HNSCC cellular phenotypes in vivo and vitro. Further mechanism study revealed that METTL13 could regulate EMT signaling pathway by mediating enhancing translation efficiency of Snail, the key transcription factor in EMT, hence regulating the progression of EMT. Furthermore, Snail was verified to mediate METTL13-induced HNSCC cell malignant phenotypes. Altogether, our study had revealed the oncogenic role of METTL13 in HNSCC, and provided a potential therapeutic strategy.
Decreased inhibition of exosomal miRNAs on SARS-CoV-2 replication underlies poor outcomes in elderly people and diabetic patients
Authors: Wang Yanbo , Zhu Xiaoju , Jiang Xia-Ming , Guo Jingwei , Fu Zheng , Zhou Zhen , Yang Ping , Guo Hongyuan , Guo Xu , Liang Gaoli , Zeng Ping , Xiao Gengfu , Ma Jizheng , Yin Xin , Zhang Lei-Ke , Yan Chao , Zhang Chen-Yu 
Published: August 2021

AbstractElderly people and patients with comorbidities are at higher risk of COVID-19 infection, resulting in severe complications and high mortality. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we investigate whether miRNAs in serum exosomes can exert antiviral functions and affect the response to COVID-19 in the elderly and people with diabetes. First, we identified four miRNAs (miR-7-5p, miR-24-3p, miR-145-5p and miR-223-3p) through high-throughput sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR analysis, that are remarkably decreased in the elderly and diabetic groups. We further demonstrated that these miRNAs, either in the exosome or in the free form, can directly inhibit S protein expression and SARS-CoV-2 replication. Serum exosomes from young people can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication and S protein expression, while the inhibitory effect is markedly decreased in the elderly and diabetic patients. Moreover, three out of the four circulating miRNAs are significantly increased in the serum of healthy volunteers after 8-weeks’ continuous physical exercise. Serum exosomes isolated from these volunteers also showed stronger inhibitory effects on S protein expression and SARS-CoV-2 replication. Our study demonstrates for the first time that circulating exosomal miRNAs can directly inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication and may provide a possible explanation for the difference in response to COVID-19 between young people and the elderly or people with comorbidities.
Fusion genes in gynecologic tumors: the occurrence, molecular mechanism and prospect for therapy
Authors: Lu Bingfeng , Jiang Ruqi , Xie Bumin , Wu Wu , Zhao Yang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGene fusions are thought to be driver mutations in multiple cancers and are an important factor for poor patient prognosis. Most of them appear in specific cancers, thus satisfactory strategies can be developed for the precise treatment of these types of cancer. Currently, there are few targeted drugs to treat gynecologic tumors, and patients with gynecologic cancer often have a poor prognosis because of tumor progression or recurrence. With the application of massively parallel sequencing, a large number of fusion genes have been discovered in gynecologic tumors, and some fusions have been confirmed to be involved in the biological process of tumor progression. To this end, the present article reviews the current research status of all confirmed fusion genes in gynecologic tumors, including their rearrangement mechanism and frequency in ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, endometrial stromal sarcoma, and other types of uterine tumors. We also describe the mechanisms by which fusion genes are generated and their oncogenic mechanism. Finally, we discuss the prospect of fusion genes as therapeutic targets in gynecologic tumors.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles facilitate the repair of spinal cord injury via the miR-29b-3p/PTEN/Akt/mTOR axis
Authors: Xiao Xiao , Li Weiwei , Rong Dingchao , Xu Zhenchao , Zhang Zhen , Ye Hongru , Xie Liqiong , Wu Yunqi , Zhang Yilu , Wang Xiyang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a salient traumatic disease that often leads to permanent disability, and motor and sensory impairments. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HucMSCs) have a wide application prospect in the treatment of SCI. This study explored the repair effect of HucMSCs-derived extracellular vesicles (HucMSCs-EVs) on SCI. HucMSCs and HucMSCs-EVs were cultured and identified. The rat model of SCI was established, and SCI rats were treated with HucMSCs-EVs. The motor function of SCI rats and morphology of spinal cord tissues were evaluated. Levels of NeuN, GFAP, and NF200 in spinal cord tissues were detected and cell apoptosis was measured. SCI rats were treated with EVs extracted from miR-29b-3p inhibitor-transfected HucMSCs. The downstream gene and pathway of miR-29b-3p were examined. HucMSCs-EVs-treated rats showed obvious motor function recovery and reduced necrosis, nuclear pyknosis, and cavity. HucMSCs-EVs alleviated spinal cord neuronal injury. miR-29b-3p was poorly expressed in SCI tissues, but highly expressed in EVs and SCI rats treated with EVs. miR-29b-3p targeted PTEN. Inhibition of miR-29b-3p or overexpression of PTEN reversed the repair effect of EVs on SCI. EVs activated the AKT/mTOR pathway via the miR-29b-3p/PTEN. In conclusion, HucMSCs-EVs reduced pathological changes, improved motor function, and promoted nerve function repair in SCI rats via the miR-29b-3p/PTEN/Akt/mTOR axis.