bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a roller pump for establishing extra-corporal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) – technical considerations for times of crisis
Authors: Kaluza Mirko , May Benjamin , Doenst Torsten 
Published: February 2021

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic requires thinking about alternatives to establish ECMO when often-limited hardware resources are exhausted. Heart-lung-machines may potentially be used for ECMO but contain roller pumps as compared to centrifugal pumps in ECMO-circuits. We here tested roller pumps as rescue pump for ECMO-establishment. Methods: We set up in vitro circuits on roller pumps from C5 heart-lung-machine with 5 l/minutes flow. In two series, we placed either PVC or silicon tubing for an ECMO circuit into the roller pump. We assessed the mechanical stress on the tubing (aiming to run the pump for at least 1 week), measured the temperature increase generated by the friction and assessed flow characteristics and its measurement in simulated situations resembling tube kinking and suction. Results: The roller pumps led to expected and unexpected adverse events. PVC tubing burst between 36 and 78 hours, while silicon tubing lasted for at least 7 days. At 7 days, the silicone tubing showed significant signs of roller pump wear visible on the outside. The inside, however, was free of surface irregularities. Using these tubings in a roller pump led to a remarkable increase in circuit temperature (PVC: +12.0°C, silicone +2.9°C). Kinking or suction on the device caused the expected dramatic flow reduction (as assessed by direct measurement) while the roller pump display continued to show the preset flow. The roller pump is therefore not able to reliably determine the true flow rate. Conclusion: Roller pumps with silicone tubing but not PVC tubing may be used for running ECMO circuits. Silicone tubing may endure the roller pump shear forces for up to 1 week. Thus, repeated tubing repositioning may be a solution. Circuit heating and substantial limitations in flow detection should increase attention if clinical use in situations of crisis is considered.
Non-invasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in preterm infants after extubation: a randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Li Yan , Wei Qiufen , Zhao Dan , Mo Yan , Yao Liping , Li Lingxiao , Tan Wei , Pan Xinnian , Yao Jiayan , Dai Wei , Zhong Danni 
Published: February 2021

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of non-invasive high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (NHFOV) in post-extubation preterm infants. Methods This was a randomized, controlled trial. A total of 149 preterm infants aged between 25 to 34 weeks’ gestational age with a birth weight of <1500 g who required invasive mechanical ventilation on admission were included. After extubation, they were randomized to the NHFOV group (n = 47), nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) group (n = 51), or nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) group (n = 51). We compared the effectiveness and safety among these three groups. Results A total of 139 preterm infants finally completed the study. The reintubation rate was significantly lower in the NHFOV group than in the other groups. The duration of non-invasive ventilation and the length of hospital stay in the NHFOV and NIPPV groups were significantly shorter than those in the NCPAP group. The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the NHFOV and NIPPV groups was significantly lower than that in the NCPAP group. The NHFOV group had significantly less nasal injury than the NCPAP group. Conclusion As post-extubation respiratory support in preterm infants, NHFOV has a lower reintubation rate compared with NCPAP and NIPPV, without increasing the rate of complications.
A phase II study of S-1 and cisplatin with concurrent thoracic radiotherapy followed by durvalumab for unresectable, locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer in Japan (SAMURAI study)
Authors: Tanzawa Shigeru , Ushijima Sunao , Shibata Kazuhiko , Shibayama Takuo , Bessho Akihiro , Kaira Kyoichi , Misumi Toshihiro , Shiraishi Kenshiro , Matsutani Noriyuki , Tanaka Hisashi , Inaba Megumi , Haruyama Terunobu , Nakamura Junya , Kishikawa Takayuki , Nakashima Masanao , Iwasa Keiichi , Fujiwara Keiichi , Kohyama Tadashi , Kuyama Shoichi , Miyazawa Naoki , Nakamura Tomomi , Miyawaki Hiroshi , Ishida Hiroo , Oda Naohiro , Ishikawa Nobuhisa , Morinaga Ryotaro , Kusaka Kei , Fujimoto Nobukazu , Yokoyama Toshihide , Gemba Kenichi , Tsuda Takeshi , Nakagawa Hideyuki , Ono Hirotaka , Shimizu Tetsuo , Nakamura Morio , Kusumoto Sojiro , Hayashi Ryuji , Shirasaki Hiroki , Ochi Nobuaki , Aoe Keisuke , Kanaji Nobuhiro , Kashiwabara Kosuke , Inoue Hiroshi , Seki Nobuhiko 
Published: February 2021

Background: Based on the results of the PACIFIC study, chemoradiotherapy followed by 1-year consolidation therapy with durvalumab was established as the standard of care for unresectable, locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC). However, some topics not foreseen in that design can be explored, including progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) after the start of chemoradiotherapy, the proportion of patients who proceeded to consolidation therapy with durvalumab, and the optimal chemotherapeutic regimens. In Japan, the combination regimen of S-1 + cisplatin (SP), for which the results of multiple clinical studies have suggested a good balance of efficacy and tolerability, is frequently selected in clinical settings. However, the efficacy and safety of consolidation therapy with durvalumab following this SP regimen have not been evaluated. We therefore planned a multicenter, prospective, single-arm, phase II study. Methods: In treatment-naïve LA-NSCLC, two cycles of combination chemotherapy with S-1 (80–120 mg/body, Days 1–14) + cisplatin (60 mg/m2, Day 1) will be administered at an interval of 4 weeks, with concurrent thoracic radiotherapy (60 Gy). Responders will then receive durvalumab every 2 weeks for up to 1 year. The primary endpoint is 1-year PFS rate. Discussion: Compared with the conventional standard regimen in Japan, the SP regimen is expected to be associated with lower incidences of pneumonitis, esophagitis, and febrile neutropenia, which complicate the initiation of consolidation therapy with durvalumab, and have higher antitumor efficacy during chemoradiotherapy. Therefore, SP-based chemoradiotherapy is expected to be successfully followed by consolidation therapy with durvalumab in more patients, resulting in prolonged PFS and OS. Toxicity and efficacy results of the SP regimen in this study will also provide information important to the future establishment of the concurrent combination of chemoradiotherapy and durvalumab. Trial registration: Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs031190127, registered 1 November 2019, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCTs031190127
Aortic and mitral flow quantification using dynamic valve tracking and machine learning: Prospective study assessing static and dynamic plane repeatability, variability and agreement
Authors: Garcia Julio , Beckie Kailey , Hassanabad Ali F , Sojoudi Alireza , White James A 
Published: February 2021

Background Blood flow is a crucial measurement in the assessment of heart valve disease. Time-resolved flow using magnetic resonance imaging (4 D flow MRI) can provide a comprehensive assessment of heart valve hemodynamics but it relies in manual plane analysis. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of automate the detection and tracking of aortic and mitral valve planes to assess blood flow from 4 D flow MRI. Methods In this prospective study, a total of n = 106 subjects were enrolled: 19 patients with mitral disease, 65 aortic disease patients and 22 healthy controls. Machine learning was employed to detect aortic and mitral location and motion in a cine three-chamber plane and a perpendicular projection was co-registered to the 4 D flow MRI dataset to quantify flow volume, regurgitant fraction, and a peak velocity. Static and dynamic plane association and agreement were evaluated. Intra- and inter-observer, and scan-rescan reproducibility were also assessed. Results Aortic regurgitant fraction was elevated in aortic valve disease patients as compared with controls and mitral valve disease patients ( p < 0.05). Similarly, mitral regurgitant fraction was higher in mitral valve patients ( p < 0.05). Both aortic and mitral total flow were high in aortic patients. Static and dynamic were good (r > 0.6, p < 0.005) for aortic total flow and peak velocity, and mitral peak velocity and regurgitant fraction. All measurements showed good inter- and intra-observer, and scan-rescan reproducibility. Conclusion We demonstrated that aortic and mitral hemodynamics can efficiently be quantified from 4 D flow MRI using assisted valve detection with machine learning.
Non-contrast and portal venous phase computed tomography in breast cancer hepatic metastases: comparison of tumor measurements and impact on response assessment
Authors: Flemming Brian , Kovacs Mark D , Hardie Andrew , Picard Melissa , Burchett Philip F , Collins Heather , Sheafor Douglas H 
Published: February 2021

Background For many common malignancies, including breast cancer, evaluation for metastatic disease using multiphase computed tomography (CT) has fallen out of favor and been replaced by studies performed only in the portal venous phase. However, differences in tumor vascularity could produce differences in appearance on post-contrast imaging. Purpose To assess non-contrast phase and portal venous phase computed tomography in detection and measurement of hepatic metastases from breast carcinoma. Materials and Methods A total of 75 CT scans from 52 breast cancer patients were independently assessed by three body imagers for lesion presence, number and size. Readers randomly assessed portal venous phase or combined phase images at one session with cross-over reads performed four to six weeks later. Results In the 58% of cases where index lesions measured larger on combined phase, the mean difference in lesion size was 5.7 mm. In this group, combined phase reads demonstrated an 8.4 mm increase in sum of largest diameters, and a mean percentage sum of largest diameters increase of 19% compared to portal venous phase-only reads. Conclusion Addition of non-contrast phase images results in increased index lesion size in most patients with hepatic metastases from breast cancer. If only the portal venous phase is utilized, there is potential for incorrectly diagnosing disease progression on follow-up due to underestimation of lesion size.
Output-inflation Trade-off in the Presence of Foreign Capital: Evidence for Vietnam
Authors: Hung Ly Dai 
Published: February 2021

On one monthly time-series data set of Vietnam economy over 02/2008–09/2018, the Time-Varying-Coefficient VAR model records that the trade-off between inflation and output growth is mitigated by the foreign capital inflows. The inflation is mostly determined by credit supply growth, while output growth is largely driven by foreign direct investment (FDI) capital inflows. A monthly increase of FDI by USD 1 billion can raise 1.77% of monthly output growth rate. The result also holds on accounting for exchange rate fluctuation. JEL Classifications: E31, F15, F36, F43
Comparison of short-term outcomes of anterolateral supine approach and posterolateral approach for primary total hip arthroplasty: a retrospective study
Authors: Ukai Taku , Ebihara Goro , Watanabe Masahiko 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
This study aims to evaluate postoperative pain and functional and clinical outcomes of anterolateral supine (ALS) and posterolateral (PL) approaches for primary total hip arthroplasty.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively examined the joints of 110 patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). The ALS group was compared with the PL group using the pain visual analog scale (VAS) and narcotic consumption as pain outcomes. Functional outcomes included postoperative range of motion (ROM) of hip flexion, day on which patients could perform straight leg raising (SLR), day on which patients began using a walker or cane, duration of hospital stay, rate of transfer, and strength of hip muscles. Clinical outcomes included pre and postoperative Harris Hip Scores.

Results
No significant differences were found in the pain VAS scores or narcotic consumption between the two groups. The PL group could perform SLR earlier than the ALS group (P < 0.01). The ALS group started using a cane earlier (P < 0.01) and had a shorter hospital stay (P < 0.01) than the PL group. Degrees of active ROM of flexion at postoperative day (POD) 1 were significantly lower in the ALS group than in the PL group (P < 0.01). Regarding hip muscle strength, hip flexion was significantly weaker in the ALS group than in the PL group until 1-month POD (P < 0.01). External rotation from 2 weeks to 6 months postoperatively was significantly weaker in the PL group than in the ALS group (P < 0.01).

Conclusion
The ALS approach was more beneficial than the PL approach because ALS enabled better functional recovery of the strength of external rotation, improved rehabilitation, and involved a shorter hospital stay.

Level of Evidence
Level IV retrospective observational study.
A Dual Four-Quadrant Photodetector Based on Near-Infrared Enhanced Nanometer Black Silicon
Authors: Mi Guanyu , Lv Jian , Que Longcheng , Zhang Yi , Zhou Yun , Liu Zhongyuan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractIn this paper, a new preparation process of nanometer black silicon is proposed, by which high trapping optical Se-doped black silicon material is prepared by nanosecond pulsed laser ablation of high-resistance silicon coated with Se film in HF gas atmosphere. The results indicate that the average absorptivity of 400–2200 nm band before annealing is 96.81%, and the absorptivity maintains at 81.28% after annealing at 600 degrees. Meanwhile, black silicon prepared under the new technology is used in double four-quadrant photodetector, the results show that, at a reversed bias of 50 V, the average unit responsiveness is 0.528 A/W at 1060 nm and 0.102 A/W at 1180 nm, and the average dark current is 2 nA at inner quadrants and 8 nA at outer quadrants. The dual four-quadrant photodetector based on near-infrared enhanced black silicon has the advantages of high responsiveness, low dark current, fast response and low crosstalk, hence it is appropriate for a series of direction of applications, such as night vision detection and medical field.
miTAR: a hybrid deep learning-based approach for predicting miRNA targets
Authors: Gu Tongjun , Zhao Xiwu , Barbazuk William Bradley , Lee Ji-Hyun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play essential roles in a wide range of biological processes. Many computational methods have been developed to identify targets of miRNAs. However, the majority of these methods depend on pre-defined features that require considerable efforts and resources to compute and often prove suboptimal at predicting miRNA targets.

Results
We developed a novel hybrid deep learning-based (DL-based) approach that is capable of predicting miRNA targets at a higher accuracy. This approach integrates convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that excel in learning spatial features and recurrent neural networks (RNNs) that discern sequential features. Therefore, our approach has the advantages of learning both the intrinsic spatial and sequential features of miRNA:target. The inputs for our approach are raw sequences of miRNAs and genes that can be obtained effortlessly. We applied our approach on two human datasets from recently miRNA target prediction studies and trained two models. We demonstrated that the two models consistently outperform the previous methods according to evaluation metrics on test datasets. Comparing our approach with currently available alternatives on independent datasets shows that our approach delivers substantial improvements in performance. We also show with multiple evidences that our approach is more robust than other methods on small datasets. Our study is the first study to perform comparisons across multiple existing DL-based approaches on miRNA target prediction. Furthermore, we examined the contribution of a Max pooling layer in between the CNN and RNN and demonstrated that it improves the performance of all our models. Finally, a unified model was developed that is robust on fitting different input datasets.

Conclusions
We present a new DL-based approach for predicting miRNA targets and demonstrate that our approach outperforms the current alternatives. We supplied an easy-to-use tool, miTAR, at https://github.com/tjgu/miTAR. Furthermore, our analysis results support that Max Pooling generally benefits the hybrid models and potentially prevents overfitting for hybrid models.
Genome-wide in silico identification and expression analysis of beta-galactosidase family members in sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam]
Authors: Hou Fuyun , Du Taifeng , Qin Zhen , Xu Tao , Li Aixian , Dong Shunxu , Ma Daifu , Li Zongyun , Wang Qingmei , Zhang Liming 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) serves as an important food source for human beings. β-galactosidase (bgal) is a glycosyl hydrolase involved in cell wall modification, which plays essential roles in plant development and environmental stress adaptation. However, the function of bgal genes in sweetpotato remains unclear.

Results
In this study, 17 β-galactosidase genes (Ibbgal) were identified in sweetpotato, which were classified into seven subfamilies using interspecific phylogenetic and comparative analysis. The promoter regions of Ibbgals harbored several stress, hormone and light responsive cis-acting elements. Quantitative real-time PCR results displayed that Ibbgal genes had the distinct expression patterns across different tissues and varieties. Moreover, the expression profiles under various hormonal treatments, abiotic and biotic stresses were highly divergent in leaves and root.

Conclusions
Taken together, these findings suggested that Ibbgals might play an important role in plant development and stress responses, which provided evidences for further study of bgal function and sweetpotato breeding.
Genome-wide miRNA analysis and integrated network for flavonoid biosynthesis in Osmanthus fragrans
Authors: Shi Yong , Xia Heng , Cheng Xiaoting , Zhang Libin 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Osmanthus fragrans is an important economical plant containing multiple secondary metabolites including flavonoids and anthocyanins. During the past years, the roles of miRNAs in regulating the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in plants have been widely investigated. However, few studies on miRNA expression profiles and the potential roles in regulating flavonoid biosynthesis have been reported in O. fragrans.

Results
In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the expression profiles of miRNAs in leaf and flower tissues of O. fragrans. As a result, 106 conserved miRNAs distributed in 47 families and 88 novel miRNAs were identified. Further analysis showed there were 133 miRNAs differentially expressed in leaves and flowers. Additionally, the potential target genes of miRNAs as well as the related metabolic pathways were predicted. In the end, flavonoid content was measured in flower and leaf tissues and potential role of miR858 in regulating flavonoid synthesis was illustrated in O. fragrans.

Conclusions
This study not only provided the genome-wide miRNA profiles in the flower and leaf tissue of O. fragrans, but also investigated the potential regulatory role of miR858a in flavonoid synthesis in O. fragrans. The results specifically indicated the connection of miRNAs to the regulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis in non-model economical plant.
A gene expression atlas for kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) and network analysis of transcription factors
Authors: Brian Lara , Warren Ben , McAtee Peter , Rodrigues Jessica , Nieuwenhuizen Niels , Pasha Asher , David Karine M. , Richardson Annette , Provart Nicholas J. , Allan Andrew C. , Varkonyi-Gasic Erika , Schaffer Robert J. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Transcriptomic studies combined with a well annotated genome have laid the foundations for new understanding of molecular processes. Tools which visualise gene expression patterns have further added to these resources. The manual annotation of the Actinidia chinensis (kiwifruit) genome has resulted in a high quality set of 33,044 genes. Here we investigate gene expression patterns in diverse tissues, visualised in an Electronic Fluorescent Pictograph (eFP) browser, to study the relationship of transcription factor (TF) expression using network analysis.

Results
Sixty-one samples covering diverse tissues at different developmental time points were selected for RNA-seq analysis and an eFP browser was generated to visualise this dataset. 2839 TFs representing 57 different classes were identified and named. Network analysis of the TF expression patterns separated TFs into 14 different modules. Two modules consisting of 237 TFs were correlated with floral bud and flower development, a further two modules containing 160 TFs were associated with fruit development and maturation. A single module of 480 TFs was associated with ethylene-induced fruit ripening. Three “hub” genes correlated with flower and fruit development consisted of a HAF-like gene central to gynoecium development, an ERF and a DOF gene. Maturing and ripening hub genes included a KNOX gene that was associated with seed maturation, and a GRAS-like TF.

Conclusions
This study provides an insight into the complexity of the transcriptional control of flower and fruit development, as well as providing a new resource to the plant community. The Actinidia eFP browser is provided in an accessible format that allows researchers to download and work internally.