bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards a neo-configurational theory of intrinsic motivation
Authors: Swiatczak Martyna Daria 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis research seeks to improve our understanding of how intrinsic motivation is instantiated. Three motivation theories, flow theory, self-determination theory, and empowerment theory, have informed our understanding of the foundations of intrinsic motivation at work. Taken jointly, they suggest six causal factors for intrinsic motivation: (1) perceived competence, (2) perceived challenge, (3) perceived autonomy, (4) perceived impact, (5) perceived social relatedness, and (6) perceived meaningfulness. Integrating different theoretical perspectives, I employ a case-based configurational approach and conduct coincidence analyses on survey data from a German public utility to analyse the nuanced interplay of these six causal factors for intrinsic motivation. My data show that high perceived meaningfulness or high perceived autonomy is sufficient for high perceived intrinsic motivation and at least one of the two conditions must be present. Further, my findings reveal a common cause structure in which perceived impact is not a causal factor for intrinsic motivation but an additional outcome factor. Subsequent analyses shed light on possible roles of the remaining proposed causal factors by drawing a tentative causal chain structure. The results of this study enhance our understanding of the causal complexity underlying the formation of intrinsic motivation.
Machine Learning Can Assign Geologic Basin to Produced Water Samples Using Major Ion Geochemistry
Authors: Shelton Jenna L. , Jubb Aaron M. , Saxe Samuel W. , Attanasi Emil D. , Milkov Alexei V. , Engle Mark , Freeman Philip A. , Shaffer Christopher A. , Blondes Madalyn S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractUnderstanding the geochemistry of waters produced during petroleum extraction is essential to informing the best treatment and reuse options, which can potentially be optimized for a given geologic basin. Here, we used the US Geological Survey’s National Produced Waters Geochemical Database (PWGD) to determine if major ion chemistry could be used to classify accurately a produced water sample to a given geologic basin based on similarities to a given training dataset. Two datasets were derived from the PWGD: one with seven features but more samples (PWGD7), and another with nine features but fewer samples (PWGD9). The seven-feature dataset, prior to randomly generating a training and testing (i.e., validation) dataset, had 58,541 samples, 20 basins, and was classified based on total dissolved solids (TDS), bicarbonate (HCO3), Ca, Na, Cl, Mg, and sulfate (SO4). The nine-feature dataset, prior to randomly splitting into a training and testing (i.e., validation) dataset, contained 33,271 samples, 19 basins, and was classified based on TDS, HCO3, Ca, Na, Cl, Mg, SO4, pH, and specific gravity. Three supervised machine learning algorithms—Random Forest, k-Nearest Neighbors, and Naïve Bayes—were used to develop multi-class classification models to predict a basin of origin for produced waters using major ion chemistry. After training, the models were tested on three different datasets: Validation7, Validation9, and one based on data absent from the PWGD. Prediction accuracies across the models ranged from 23.5 to 73.5% when tested on the two PWGD-based datasets. A model using the Random Forest algorithm predicted most accurately compared to all other models tested. The models generally predicted basin of origin more accurately on the PWGD7-based dataset than on the PWGD9-based dataset. An additional dataset, which contained data not in the PWGD, was used to test the most accurate model; results suggest that some basins may lack geochemical diversity or may not be well described, while others may be geochemically diverse or are well described. A compelling result of this work is that a produced water basin of origin can be determined using major ions alone and, therefore, deep basinal fluid compositions may not be as variable within a given basin as previously thought. Applications include predicting the geochemistry of produced fluid prior to drilling at different intervals and assigning historical produced water data to a producing basin.
Kinetics of alpha-synuclein depletion in three brain regions following conditional pan-neuronal inactivation of the encoding gene (Snca) by tamoxifen-induced Cre-recombination in adult mice
Authors: Chaprov Kirill D. , Lysikova Ekaterina A. , Teterina Ekaterina V. , Buchman Vladimir L. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractConditional pan-neuronal inactivation of the Snca gene in 2-month old male and female mice causes dramatic decrease in the level of the encoded protein, alpha-synuclein, in three studied brain regions, namely cerebral cortex, midbrain and striatum, 12 weeks after the last injection of tamoxifen. Kinetics of alpha-synuclein depletion is different in these brain regions with a longer lag period in the cerebral cortex where this protein is normally most abundant. Our results suggest that efficient post-developmental pan-neuronal knockout of alpha-synuclein in adult, i.e. 5- to 6-month old, animals, could be achieved by tamoxifen treatment of 2-month old mice carrying loxP-flanked Snca gene and expressing inducible Cre-ERT2 recombinase under control of the promoter of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) gene.
Epigenetic clock and methylation studies in vervet monkeys
Authors: Jasinska Anna J. , Haghani Amin , Zoller Joseph A. , Li Caesar Z. , Arneson Adriana , Ernst Jason , Kavanagh Kylie , Jorgensen Matthew J. , Mattison Julie A. , Wojta Kevin , Choi Oi-Wa , DeYoung Joseph , Li Xinmin , Rao Andrew W. , Coppola Giovanni , Freimer Nelson B. , Woods Roger P. , Horvath Steve 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDNA methylation-based biomarkers of aging have been developed for many mammals but not yet for the vervet monkey (Chlorocebus sabaeus), which is a valuable non-human primate model for biomedical studies. We generated novel DNA methylation data from vervet cerebral cortex, blood, and liver using highly conserved mammalian CpGs represented on a custom array (HorvathMammalMethylChip40). We present six DNA methylation-based estimators of age: vervet multi-tissue epigenetic clock and tissue-specific clocks for brain cortex, blood, and liver. In addition, we developed two dual species clocks (human-vervet clocks) for measuring chronological age and relative age, respectively. Relative age was defined as ratio of chronological age to maximum lifespan to address the species differences in maximum lifespan. The high accuracy of the human-vervet clocks demonstrates that epigenetic aging processes are evolutionary conserved in primates. When applying these vervet clocks to tissue samples from another primate species, rhesus macaque, we observed high age correlations but strong offsets. We characterized CpGs that correlate significantly with age in the vervet. CpG probes that gain methylation with age across tissues were located near the targets of Polycomb proteins SUZ12 and EED and genes possessing the trimethylated H3K27 mark in their promoters. The epigenetic clocks are expected to be useful for anti-aging studies in vervets.
Tipping Cascades in a Multi-patch System with Noise and Spatial Coupling
Authors: Mallela Abhishek , Hastings Alan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractForecasting tipping points in spatially extended systems is a key area of interest to ecologists. A slowly declining spatially distributed population is an important example of an ecological system that could exhibit a cascade of tipping points. Here, we develop a spatial two-patch model with environmental stochasticity that is slowly forced through population collapse, in the presence of changing environmental conditions. We begin with a basic spatial model, then introduce a fast–slow version of the model using geometric singular perturbation theory, followed by the inclusion of stochasticity. Using the spectral density of the fluctuating subpopulation in each patch, we derive analytic expressions for candidate indicators of population extinction and evaluate their performance through a simulation study. We find that coupling and spatial heterogeneity decrease the magnitude of the proposed indicators in coupled populations relative to isolated populations. Moreover, the degree of coupling dictates the trends in summary statistics. We conclude that this theory may be applied to other contexts, including the control of invasive species.
Jenseits von Professionswissen: Eine systematische Überblicksarbeit zu einstellungs- und motivationsbezogenen Einflussfaktoren auf die Nutzung digitaler Technologien im Unterricht
Authors: Bürger Nicoletta , Haselmann Sina , Baumgart Joanna , Prinz Gabriele , Girnat Boris , Meisert Anke , Menthe Jürgen , Schmidt-Thieme Barbara , Wecker Christof 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungNeben dem Professionswissen werden in verschiedenen Kompetenzmodellen der Lehrkräfteprofessionalität auch einstellungs- und motivationsbezogene Variablen berücksichtigt. Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen systematischen Literaturüberblick zum empirischen Forschungsstand bezüglich deren Rolle für die Nutzung digitaler Technologien im Unterricht. Anknüpfend an Theorien der Technologieakzeptanz werden zunächst relevante potenzielle Einflussfaktoren auf die beabsichtigte und tatsächliche Nutzung digitaler Technologien im Unterricht identifiziert und mit Hilfe der Theory of Planned Behavior systematisiert. Daran anknüpfend werden empirische Befunde aus englischsprachigen Veröffentlichungen aus den Jahren 2010 bis 2020 dargestellt. Der Überblick liefert Hinweise, dass die untersuchten einstellungs- und motivationsbezogenen Einflussfaktoren überwiegend erwartungskonform mit der Nutzung digitaler Technologien im Unterricht zusammenhängen. Forschungslücken zeigen sich unter anderem bezüglich der Rolle einstellungs- und motivationsbezogener Einflussfaktoren für Aspekte der Unterrichtsqualität sowie Interventionsmöglichkeiten zur Beeinflussung dieser Variablen.
Temptation shapes dishonesty and can alter working memory
Authors: Pittarello Andrea , Fratescu Marcella , Mathôt Sebastiaan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study shows that participants tend to remember an ambiguous, directional cue as biased towards stimuli associated with a high reward that can be attained dishonestly. Participants saw eight digits presented in a circular arrangement. On some trials, they were asked to report the digit (“Target Digit”) indicated by a jittery cue that was slightly biased in the direction of another digit (“Second Cued Digit”), which was either higher or lower than the Target Digit. Participants were paid based on the reported digit (higher digits meant higher pay) and not based on the accuracy of their report. In this setting, they could make self-serving mistakes by dishonestly reporting the Second Cued Digit when it was higher than the Target Digit. Replicating prior work, participants frequently made such self-serving mistakes. On other trials, after the digits disappeared, participants were asked to reproduce the direction of the jittery cue, without receiving any pay. Results showed that that participants’ reports of the cue were more biased toward high-rewarding digits than low-rewarding digits. This research provides preliminary evidence of a link between attention, dishonesty, and memory, offering an important constraint for theories in behavioral ethics.
Animal husbandry between the Roman times and the High Middle Ages in central Europe: a biometrical analysis of cattle, sheep and pig
Authors: Grau-Sologestoa Idoia , Ginella Francesca , Marti-Grädel Elisabeth , Stopp Barbara , Deschler-Erb Sabine 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper presents a meta-analysis of biometrical data of cattle (Bos taurus), sheep (Ovis aries), and pig (Sus domesticus), with a diachronic, long-term approach (first–twelfth centuries AD) and at a large regional scale (Switzerland and adjacent areas of France), with the aim of looking at changes in animal husbandry during the transition between Roman times and the Early Middle Ages. With this in mind, a comprehensive biometrical analysis is carried out, on the basis of the log-ratio technique (or logarithmic size index — LSI). The results show an increase of the size of domesticates during the Late Roman period, as well as a long period of size decrease in the subsequent centuries. The possible reasons behind this size decrease are discussed, focusing on three factors: a genetic change, less direct control over feeding and breeding, and changing patterns of herd sex ratios. We argue that these changes should be seen as an efficient adaptation of animal husbandry strategies to broader social, economic, and political transformations.
Changes in traditional building materials: the case of gypsum in Northern Spain
Authors: Bel-Anzué Pedro , Elert Kerstin 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe rural and monumental architecture of Northern Spain gives testimony of the wide-ranging constructive possibilities of traditional gypsum for exterior and structural applications. However, today, gypsum is only used for finishing purposes. By combining a bibliographic review with local visits/interviews and experimental gypsum calcinations, we were able to document traditional processing methods and analyze the factors responsible for the decline of exterior and structural gypsum use. Obtained results are also valid for other European countries and contribute to a better understanding of the technical peculiarities of traditional gypsum, hopefully reviving traditional processing techniques to produce compatible and sustainable conservation materials.
Advances in Research on Chemical Constituents and Their Biological Activities of the Genus Actinidia
Authors: Ma Jin-Tao , Li Da-Wei , Liu Ji-Kai , He Juan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractKiwi, a fruit from plants of the genusActinidia, is one of the famous fruits with thousand years of edible history. In the past twenty years, a great deal of research has been done on the chemical constituents of theActinidiaspecies. A large number of secondary metabolites including triterpenoids, flavonoids, phenols, etc. have been identified from differents parts ofActinidiaplants, which exhibited significant in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-oxidative, anti-bacterial, and anti-diabetic activities. In order to fully understand the chemical components and biological activities ofActinidiaplants, and to improve their further research, development and utilization, this review summarizes the compounds extracted from different parts ofActinidiaplants since 1959 to 2020, classifies the types of constituents, reports on the pharmacological activities of relative compounds and medicinal potentials.
Fabrication and microstructure evolution of Csf/ZrB2-SiC composites via direct ink writing and reactive melt infiltration
Authors: Lu Jun , Ni Dewei , Liao Chunjing , Zhou Haijun , Jiang Youlin , Chen Bowen , Zou Xuegang , Cai Feiyan , Ding Yusheng , Dong Shaoming 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFiber damage and uniform interphase preparation are the main challenges in conventional short fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites. In this work, we develop a novel processing route in fabrication of short carbon fiber reinforced ZrB2-SiC composites (Csf/ZrB2-SiC) overcoming the above two issues. At first, Csf preforms with oriented designation and uniform PyC/SiC interphase are fabricated via direct ink writing (DIW) of short carbon fiber paste followed by chemical vapor infiltration. After that, ZrB2 and SiC are introduced into the preforms by slurry impregnation and reactive melt infiltration, respectively. Microstructure evolution and optimization of the composites during fabrication are investigated in detail. The as-fabricated Csf/ZrB2-SiC composites have a bulk density of 2.47 g/cm3, with uniform weak interphase and without serious fiber damage. Consequently, non-brittle fracture occurs in the Csf/ZrB2-SiC composites with widespread toughening mechanisms such as crack deflection and bridging, interphase debonding, and fiber pull-out. This work provides a new opportunity to the material design and selection of short fiber reinforced composites.
Forging connections, pursuing social justice: a tribute to Maarten Bavinck’s conceptual and institution-building contributions to maritime studies
Authors: Scholtens Joeri , Johnson Derek , Jentoft Svein , Ros-Tonen Mirjam , Chuenpagdee Ratana , Gupta Joyeeta , Kraan Marloes , Menon Ajit , Roth Dik 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis paper is written in recognition of the contributions that Maarten Bavinck has made to the field of maritime studies and for the inspiration that he has been for many. It is hard to separate Maarten’s academic and institution-building contributions from his personal qualities, particularly his interest in human relationships. Maarten’s aptitude for building bridges between people, ideas, and institutions has allowed him to connect people in larger knowledge generation and action projects and forge new conceptual bridges. In addition to reflecting shortly on Maarten's key role in establishing the Centre for Maritime Research (MARE) as a institutional anchor in maritime studies, this paper reviews on some of his important and original contributions to four academic domains: legal pluralism, interactive governance, the study of fisheries conflicts, and the environment-development interface. Common threads across these domains include his long-term commitment to meticulous fieldwork in South Asia that grounds his work so firmly, his focus on achieving a more socially just use of marine and coastal resources, and his pragmatic approach that has led to original connections across distinct conceptual and institutional fields.
Touristifizierung von Religion und Spiritualisierung von Tourismus. Erkundungen am Beispiel von religiösen Wanderwegen im Schwarzwald
Authors: Sammet Kornelia , Karstein Uta 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten Jahren hat religiös konnotiertes Reisen über den kirchlichen Kontext hinaus an Bedeutung gewonnen. Dies findet seinen Ausdruck auch in touristischen Angeboten und Marketingstrategien. Der Beitrag bearbeitet anhand des Wanderns als einer spezifischen Form der touristischen Bewegung in landschaftlich reizvoller Umgebung die Frage, wie durch den Tourismus auf Religiöses in Form von Artefakten, Orten und Wegen Bezug genommen und Religion touristisch recodiert wird, wodurch religiös gefärbte touristische Räume erzeugt werden.Der Beitrag verfolgt eine differenzierungstheoretischen Perspektive, nach der Tourismus als ein sozialer Zusammenhang verstanden wird, der an vielen gesellschaftlichen Teilbereichen partizipiert und sie in kommunikativer Hinsicht mit Rückgriff auf den Code „erlebnisförmige Erholung“ einer Recodierung unterzieht. Anhand von touristischem Material, das Wanderwege im Schwarzwald mit religiösen Wegmarken bewirbt, werden mit sequenzanalytischen Verfahren zwei typische kommunikative Muster von touristischen Bezugnahmen auf Religiöses rekonstruiert, nämlich die Musealisierung und die Kommodifizierung des Religiösen. In umgekehrter Perspektive werden religiöse Recodierungen des Touristischen analysiert, die als Kommunikation über Religion zu ihrer Kulturalisierung beitragen oder mit religiöser Kommunikation eine (Re‑)Spiritualisierung von Landschaft betreiben. Abschließend werden die Fallanalysen zusammengeführt und ihre Anschlussfähigkeit an aktuelle religionssoziologische Konzepte diskutiert.
Quasisymmetric orbit-flexibility of multicritical circle maps
Authors: DE FARIA EDSON , GUARINO PABLO 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTwo given orbits of a minimal circle homeomorphism f are said to be geometrically equivalent if there exists a quasisymmetric circle homeomorphism identifying both orbits and commuting with f. By a well-known theorem due to Herman and Yoccoz, if f is a smooth diffeomorphism with Diophantine rotation number, then any two orbits are geometrically equivalent. It follows from the a priori bounds of Herman and Świątek, that the same holds if f is a critical circle map with rotation number of bounded type. By contrast, we prove in the present paper that if f is a critical circle map whose rotation number belongs to a certain full Lebesgue measure set in
$(0,1)$
, then the number of equivalence classes is uncountable (Theorem 1.1). The proof of this result relies on the ergodicity of a two-dimensional skew product over the Gauss map. As a by-product of our techniques, we construct topological conjugacies between multicritical circle maps which are not quasisymmetric, and we show that this phenomenon is abundant, both from the topological and measure-theoretical viewpoints (Theorems 1.6 and 1.8).
Glider automata on all transitive sofic shifts
Authors: KOPRA JOHAN 
Published: September 2021

AbstractFor any infinite transitive sofic shift X we construct a reversible cellular automaton (that is, an automorphism of the shift X) which breaks any given finite point of the subshift into a finite collection of gliders traveling into opposing directions. This shows in addition that every infinite transitive sofic shift has a reversible cellular automaton which is sensitive with respect to all directions. As another application we prove a finitary version of Ryan’s theorem: the automorphism group
$\operatorname {\mathrm {Aut}}(X)$
contains a two-element subset whose centralizer consists only of shift maps. We also show that in the class of S-gap shifts these results do not extend beyond the sofic case.
Analytic classification of germs of parabolic antiholomorphic diffeomorphisms of codimension k
Authors: GODIN JONATHAN , ROUSSEAU CHRISTIANE 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe investigate the local dynamics of antiholomorphic diffeomorphisms around a parabolic fixed point. We first give a normal form. Then we give a complete classification including a modulus space for antiholomorphic germs with a parabolic fixed point under analytic conjugacy. We then study some geometric applications: existence of real analytic invariant curves, existence of holomorphic and antiholomorphic roots of holomorphic and antiholomorphic parabolic germs, and commuting holomorphic and antiholomorphic parabolic germs.
SECOND HANKEL DETERMINANT OF LOGARITHMIC COEFFICIENTS OF CONVEX AND STARLIKE FUNCTIONS
Authors: KOWALCZYK BOGUMIŁA , LECKO ADAM 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe begin the study of Hankel matrices whose entries are logarithmic coefficients of univalent functions and give sharp bounds for the second Hankel determinant of logarithmic coefficients of convex and starlike functions.
Enslaved Muslim Sufi Saints in the Nineteenth-Century Sahara: The Life of Bilal Ould Mahmoud
Authors: Esseissah Khaled 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article centers on the life of Bilal Ould Mahmoud, an enslaved man who became a spiritual authority in the nineteenth-century Sahara. It examines how Bilal's piety allowed him to rise to prominence in a hierarchical context that subjugated him to an inferior position. Yet what makes him so fascinating to study is his ability to achieve the highest station as a Sufi saint without being attached to a Sufi order. Using Bilal's case, this article makes two important contributions to the historiographies of Sufism and slavery. First, it brings fresh perspectives to the studies of Sufism outside of ṭarīqa (Sufi orders). Second, it contributes to the studies of Saharan slavery by exploring enslaved Muslims’ experiences beyond the practice of illicit magic, and also as part of how they exercised their saintly authority as empowered agents. In the process, it analyzes the interplay among Islam, race, and slavery in the nineteenth-century Sahara.