bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robert J. Walker
Authors: Delgado James P. , Nagiewicz Stephen D. 
Published: January 2021

This book tells the story of the steamship Robert J. Walker, an early coastal survey ship for the agency that would later become the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), that sank with loss of 21 crew off the coast of New Jersey in 1860. The wreck was a frequent stop for divers and anglers before it was identified by a team of researchers in 2013. Here, leaders in the documentation efforts describe the history of the ship and the archaeology of the shipwreck, emphasizing the collaborative community participation that made the project successful. James Delgado and Stephen Nagiewicz highlight the contributions of government archaeologists from NOAA as well as local divers from varying backgrounds. Although such groups are not typically known for working together, they united to achieve the shared goal of mapping and interpreting this historically significant shipwreck. Delgado and Nagiewicz show how incorporating local knowledge both improves archaeological work and empowers community members as stakeholders, inspiring residents to promote their maritime heritage.
Prebiotic supplementation effect on Escherichia coli and Salmonella species associated with experimentally induced intestinal coccidiosis in rabbits
Authors: Aboelhadid Shawky M. , Hashem Shaymaa , Abdel-Kafy El-Sayed , Mahrous Lilian N. , Farghly Eman M. , Abdel-Baki Abdel-Azeem S. , Al-Quraishy Saleh , Kamel Asmaa A. 
Published: January 2021

Background
Coccidian infection may enhance the proliferation of gut Enterobacteriaceae. Bacterial infections in rabbits can negatively affect the body condition and cause high mortality, especially at young ages. Therefore, the effect of prebiotic supplementation on the presence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella species in rabbits experimentally infected with intestinal coccidiosis was investigated.

Methods
Thirty male rabbits aged 35–40 days were divided into three equal groups. These groups were; prebiotic supplemented (PS), positive control (PC), and negative control (NC) groups. The prebiotic group was supplemented with 2 g/L of Bio-Mos® until the end of the experiment. At day ten post prebiotic supplementation; the PS and PC groups were inoculated orally with 5.0 × 104 sporulated oocysts of mixed species of rabbit Eimeria. The daily fecal examination was carried out from the day 4 post-infection (PI) until the day 8 PI. At day 5 and day 8 PI, 5 rabbits from each group (PS, PC, and NC) were humanely slaughtered and parts of intestinal tissue were collected for microbiological analysis.

Results
There was a significant decrease (P≤ 0.05) in the oocyst count in the PS group (25.12 × 104 ± 10.36) when compared with the PC group (43.43 × 104 ± 11.52) and this decrease was continued till the end of the experiment. Eleven E. coli isolates were detected in the collected samples with an overall prevalence of 24.4%. The highest prevalence of E. coli was in the PC group (13.33%) while the lowest one was in the PS group (4.44%). Meanwhile, four Salmonella serovars were isolated with an overall prevalence of 8.89%. The NC group showed one serovar (2.22%) and PC revealed three serovars (6.67%) while the prebiotic supplemented group didn’t show any salmonella isolate. Of E. coli isolates, five isolates (O78, O125, O152, O115 and O168) showed high resistance to florfenicol and neomycin (100%). Also, of salmonella serovars, thee serovars (Salmonella entrica subsp. enterica serovar Macclesfield, Salmonella entrica Subsp. enterica serovar Canada and Salmonella entrica Subsp. enterica serovar Kisangani) showed high resistance to sulphamazole, amoxicillin and flumequin (75%) while it was sensitive to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacine (75%). The bacterial colony in this study was the same results at days 5 and 8 PI.

Conclusion
The use of prebiotic as prophylaxis in this experiment significantly reduced the prevalence of E. coli and salmonella associated with the intestinal coccidiosis in rabbits.
An Experience on Pomalidomide in Patients within Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma - A Multicenter Study in Turkey
Authors: Erkurt Mehmet Ali , Hindilerden Fehmi , Ekinci Omer , Yildiz Jale , Dal Mehmet Sinan , Bagci Metin , Hacibekiroglu Tuba , Dogu Mehmet Hilmi , Namdaroglu Sinem , Basturk Abdulkadir , Gulturk Emine , Merter Mustafa , Saglam Bugra , Demircioglu Sinan , Ozatli Duzgun , Sarici Ahmet , Ulas Turgay , Korkmaz Serdal , Eser Bulent , Altuntas Fevzi 
Published: January 2021

Objective: Pomalidomide is a new generation thalidomide analogue. Effectiveness as a single agent or combination with low dose dexamethasone has been in the treatment of relapse/refractory Multiple Myeloma (MM). The aim of the present study was to share the experience of different oncology centres with pomalidomide treatment in patients with relapsed/refractory MM.
Materials and Methods: Seventy-three patients from 16 centres were enrolled into the study. The patients were followed for a median of 6 months. Relapsed/refractory MM patients who received at least one line of treatment before pomalidomide were included into the study. ISS, R-ISS and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores of the patients and treatment-related side effects were evaluated.
Results: As a result of the median follow-up for 6 months, 36% (26/72) of the patients presented progression. The estimated median PFS was found 29 months. The Cox regression analysis revealed that ECOG affected PFS only, myeloma subtype; ISS and R-ISS scores did not affect PFS. The most common side effects with pomalidomide treatment in our population include neutropenia, infections, anaemia and thrombocytopenia.
Conclusion: In our study, it was statistically shown that the ECOG score was effective in survival in relapsed / refractory MM patients treated by pomalidomide. Therefore, we recommend evaluation of the ECOG score for each patient before treatment in eligible cases.
Nonclassical antagonism between human lysozyme and AMPs against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Blumenthal Ian , Davis Lydia R. , Berman Chet M. , Griswold Karl E. 
Published: January 2021

Combinations of human lysozyme (hLYS) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are known to exhibit either additive or synergistic activity, and as a result, they have therapeutic potential for persistent and antibiotic‐resistant infections. We examined hLYS activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa when combined with six different AMPs. In contrast to prior reports, we discovered that some therapeutically relevant AMPs manifest striking antagonistic interactions with hLYS across particular concentration ranges. We further found that the synthetic AMP Tet009 can inhibit hLYS‐mediated bacterial lysis. To the best of our knowledge, these results represent the first observations of antagonism between hLYS and AMPs, and they advise that future development of lytic enzyme and AMP combination therapies considers the potential for antagonistic interactions.
Toward improved homecare of frail older adults: A focus group study synthesizing patient and caregiver perspectives
Authors: McDonald Andrew P. , Rizzotti Rowena , Rivera Joanna M. , D'Arcy Ryan C. N. , Park Grace , Song Xiaowei 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundAdopting a better understanding of how both older adults and health care providers view the community management of frailty is necessary for improving home health, especially facing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. We conducted a qualitative focus group study to assess how both older adults and health care providers view frailty and virtual health care in home health.MethodsTwo focus groups enrolled home‐living older adults and health care professionals, respectively (n = 15). Questions targeting the use of virtual / telehealth technologies in‐home care for frail older adults were administered at audio‐recorded group interviews. Transcribed discussions were coded and analyzed using NVivo software.ResultsThe older adult group emphasized the autonomy related to increasing frailty and social isolation and the need for transparent dissemination of health care planning. They were optimistic about remote technology‐based supports and suggested that telehealth / health‐monitoring/tracking were in high demand. Health care professionals emphasized the importance of a holistic biopsychosocial approach to frailty management. They highlighted the need for standardized early assessment and management of frailty.ConclusionsThe integrated perspectives provided an updated understanding of what older adults and practitioners value in home‐living supports. This knowledge is helpful to advancing virtual home care, providing better care for frail individuals with complex health care needs.
Gathering brings strength: How organic aggregates boost disease phototheranostics
Authors: Qi Ji , Ou Hanlin , Liu Qian , Ding Dan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractPhototheranostics that concurrently and complementarily integrate real‐time diagnosis and in situ therapeutic capabilities in one platform has become the advancing edge of precision medicine. Organic agents possess the merits of facile preparation, high purity, tunable photophysical property, good biocompatibility, and potential biodegradability, which have shown great promise for disease theranostics. This review summarizes the recent achievements of organic phototheranostic agents and applications, especially which rationally utilize energy dissipation pathways of Jablonski diagram to modulate the fluorescence emission, photoacoustic/photothermal production, and photodynamic processes. Of particular interest are the systems exhibiting huge differences in aggregate state as compared with the solution or single molecule form, during which the intramolecular motions play an important role in regulating the photophysical properties. The recent advances from such an aspect for biomedical applications including high‐resolution imaging, activatable imaging and therapy, adaptive theranostics, image‐guided surgery, immunotherapy, and afterglow imaging are discussed. A brief summary and perspective in this field are also presented. We hope this review will be helpful to the researchers interested in bioprobe design and theranostic applications, and inspire new insights into the linkage between aggregate science and biomedical field.
Description of the thermodynamic properties and fluid‐phase behavior of aqueous solutions of linear, branched, and cyclic amines
Authors: Perdomo Felipe A. , Khalit Siti H. , Adjiman Claire S. , Galindo Amparo , Jackson George 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe SAFT‐γ Mie group‐contribution equation of state is used to represent the fluid‐phase behavior of aqueous solutions of a variety of linear, branched, and cyclic amines. New group interactions are developed in order to model the mixtures of interest, including the like and unlike interactions between alkyl primary, secondary, and tertiary amine groups (NH2, NH, N), cyclic secondary and tertiary amine groups (cNH, cN), and cyclic methine‐amine groups (cCHNH, cCHN) with water (H2O). The group‐interaction parameters are estimated from appropriate experimental thermodynamic data for pure amines and selected mixtures. By taking advantage of the group‐contribution nature of the method, one can describe the fluid‐phase behavior of mixtures of molecules comprising those groups over broad ranges of temperature, pressure, and composition. A number of aqueous solutions of amines are studied including linear, branched aliphatic, and cyclic amines. Liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) bounded by lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) have been reported experimentally and are reproduced here with the SAFT‐γ Mie approach. The main feature of the approach is the ability not only to represent accurately the experimental data employed in the parameter estimation, but also to predict the vapor–liquid, liquid–liquid, and vapor–liquid–liquid equilibria, and LCSTs with the same set of parameters. Pure compound and binary phase diagrams of diverse types of amines and their aqueous solutions are assessed in order to demonstrate the main features of the thermodynamic and fluid‐phase behavior.
Likelihood ratio statistics for gene set enrichment in Alzheimer's disease pathways
Authors: Bryan Jordan , Mandan Arpita , Kamat Gauri , Gottschalk W. Kirby , Badea Alexandra , Adams Kendra J. , Thompson J. Will , Colton Carol A. , Mukherjee Sayan , Lutz Michael W. ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroduction: The study of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has revealed biological pathways with implications for disease neuropathology and pathophysiology. These pathway‐level effects may also be mediated by individual characteristics or covariates such as age or sex. Evaluation of AD biological pathways in the context of interactions with these covariates is critical to the understanding of AD as well as the development of model systems used to study the disease.Methods: Gene set enrichment methods are powerful tools used to interpret gene‐level statistics at the level of biological pathways. We introduce a method for quantifying gene set enrichment using likelihood ratio‐derived test statistics (gsLRT), which accounts for sample covariates like age and sex. We then use our method to test for age and sex interactions with protein expression levels in AD and to compare the pathway results between human and mouse species.Results: Our method, based on nested logistic regressions is competitive with the existing standard for gene set testing in the context of linear models and complex experimental design. The gene sets we identify as having a significant association with AD—both with and without additional covariate interactions—are validated by previous studies. Differences between gsLRT results on mouse and human datasets are observed.Discussion: Characterizing biological pathways involved in AD builds on the important work involving single gene drivers. Our gene set enrichment method finds pathways that are significantly related to AD while accounting for covariates that may be relevant to disease development. The method highlights commonalities and differences between human AD and mouse models, which may inform the development of higher fidelity models for the study of AD.
The economic cost of delirium: A systematic review and quality assessment
Authors: Kinchin Irina , Mitchell Eileen , Agar Meera , Trépel Dominic 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIntroductionThis review aims to systematically identify and appraise the methodological quality of claims on the cost of delirium; and discuss challenges and opportunities for improvements in the precision of the estimates.MethodsSearches of scientific papers and gray literature were performed up until June 2020. The Larg and Moss checklist was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies.ResultsAfter deduplication, the search identified 317 potentially relevant articles, of which 17 articles were eligible for inclusion. After adjusting for inflation and common currency, the cost of delirium ranged between $806 and $24,509 (in 2019 US$).DiscussionThis review found significant variation among the cost estimates and methodological quality. There has been limited focus on dementia as a sequela of delirium in terms of economic implications, but recent evidence suggests cost implications of delirium may be 52% higher when dementia is considered.
Preparation of biaxially oriented polyamide 6/polyketone/graphene oxide films with enhanced barrier and mechanical behaviors
Authors: Lin Fenglong , Liu Yuejun , Song Lijun , Hao Xihai , Liu Xiaochao , Fan Shuhong , Wu Yincai , Mao Long 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this study, biaxially oriented polyamide 6/polyketone/graphene oxide (PA6/PK/GO) films were prepared by melt blending then simultaneously biaxially stretched process, with the aim of obtaining high barrier properties films and improvements in their mechanical properties. The oxygen transmission rate of biaxially oriented PA6/PK/GO film significantly decreased with addition of polyketone and GO. It is surprising that the biaxially oriented process can excellently improve the barrier properties of biaxially oriented PA6/PK/GO film. For example, there was 94.7% OTR reduction of the film containing 20 wt% PK and 0.08 wt% GO compared with PA6 film at a stretching ratio of 3.3 × 3.3. It is due to more tortuous permeation path of oxygen molecule owing to molecular orientation during biaxially stretching, and higher relative crystallinity with addition of GO. The tensile strength of film was remarkablly improved by stretching orientation and increase GO concentration. However, the elongation at break of film was considerably reduced by increase of stretching ratio. Although addition of GO may slightly improve the elongation at break of film at low stretching ratio, there was dramatic decline of elongation at break with increasing the content of GO at a stretching ratio of 3.3 × 3.3.
Active layer modification of commercial nanofiltration membrane using CuBTC/PVA matrix for improved surface and separation characteristics
Authors: Sharma Uttkarshni , Shalini Shweta , Basu Subhankar , Saravanan Pichiah , Jang Min 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe present study proposes a facile route for the modification of commercial nanofiltration (NF) polymeric membrane by embedding metal organic framework (MOF) via dip coating. A mixed membrane matrix comprising of copper benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxylate (CuBTC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) served as the new active layer. The obtained topography, functional group, and surface elemental analysis elucidated the presence of heterogeneous phase and the distribution of the MOF on the membrane. The dip coating well supported the modification through excellent adhesion. The water wettability of the modified membrane displayed a positive correlation with CuBTC loading in the PVA polymer matrix. Permeation and separation characteristics of the resultant membranes were investigated by retaining protein and carbohydrates from synthetic dairy wastewater (SDWW). The permeability rate of modified samples increased to 43% as compared to the commercial NF membrane. A significant improvement in the rejection rate of carbohydrate from 61% to 87% and protein from 88% to 94% was achieved. Membrane Fouling was found to be much lesser for the modified samples. The study highlights the potential of CuBTC as filler material for enhancing the separation characteristic of established NF membrane.
The challenge of calibrating a laser‐interferometric gravitational wave detector
Authors: Frajuca Carlos , Prado Andre R. C. , Souza Marco A. , Magalhaes Nadja S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn 2015, the first direct detection of gravitational waves was reported. Data analysis indicated that the waves had originated from the violent collision of two black holes, which scattered them through space–time as Einstein predicted. That detection was made possible by many advances in measurement technology, mainly vibration isolation of the detector optics, since, at 10 Hz, the motion of the laser‐interferometric detector mirrors is at least one billion times smaller than the seismic motion of the ground. As well, it is difficult to lock the laser in the detection configuration in a large band of the spectrum; this was made possible by using many feedback and feed‐forward control loops. However, in order to meet the many demanding requirements, more than a hundred of such active systems are included in a detector to allow locked acquisition and locked stability to, eventually, reach the desired sensitivity. In this work, challenges faced to reach some of these requirements will be described and we analyze how this scenario impacts the calibration of such detectors. In order to help reduce false alarm rates and provide data for veto systems, in this work we propose a specific kind of resonant‐mass detector to operate in coincidence with laser‐interferometric ones.
Safety of “hot” and “cold” site admissions within a high‐volume urology department in the United Kingdom at the peak of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Stroman Luke , Russell Beth , Kotecha Pinky , Kantartzi Anastasia , Ribeiro Luis , Jackson Bethany , Ismaylov Vugar , Debo‐Aina Adeoye Oluwakanyinsola , MacAskill Findlay , Kum Francesca , Kulkarni Meghana , Sandher Raveen , Walsh Anna , Doerge Ella , Guest Katherine , Kailash Yamini , Simson Nick , McDonald Cassandra , Mensah Elsie , June Tay Li , Chalokia Ramandeep , Clovis Sharon , Eversden Elizabeth , Cossins Jane , Rusere Jonah , Zisengwe Grace , Fleure Louisa , Cooper Leslie , Chatterton Kathryn , Barber Amelia , Roberts Catherine , Azavedo Thomasia , Ritualo Jeffrey , Omana Harold , Mills Liza , Studd Lily , El Hage Oussama , Nair Rajesh , Malde Sachin , Sahai Arun , Fernando Archana , Taylor Claire , Challacombe Benjamin , Thurairaja Ramesh , Popert Rick , Olsburgh Jonathon , Cathcart Paul , Brown Christian , Hadjipavlou Marios , Di Benedetto Ella , Bultitude Matthew , Glass Jonathon , Yap Tet , Zakri Rhana , Shabbir Majed , Willis Susan , Thomas Kay , O’Brien Tim , Khan Muhammad Shamim , Dasgupta Prokar 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the safety of urological admissions and procedures during the height of the COVID‐19 pandemic using “hot” and “cold” sites. The secondary objective is to determine risk factors of contracting COVID‐19 within our cohort.Patients and methodsA retrospective cohort study of all consecutive patients admitted from March 1 to May 31, 2020 at a high‐volume tertiary urology department in London, United Kingdom. Elective surgery was carried out at a “cold” site requiring a negative COVID‐19 swab 72‐hours prior to admission and patients were required to self‐isolate for 14‐days preoperatively, while all acute admissions were admitted to the “hot” site.Complications related to COVID‐19 were presented as percentages. Risk factors for developing COVID‐19 infection were determined using multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 611 patients, 451 (73.8%) male and 160 (26.2%) female, with a median age of 57 (interquartile range 44‐70) were admitted under the urology team; 101 (16.5%) on the “cold” site and 510 (83.5%) on the “hot” site. Procedures were performed in 495 patients of which eight (1.6%) contracted COVID‐19 postoperatively with one (0.2%) postoperative mortality due to COVID‐19. Overall, COVID‐19 was detected in 20 (3.3%) patients with two (0.3%) deaths. Length of stay was associated with contracting COVID‐19 in our cohort (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.13‐1.39).ConclusionsContinuation of urological procedures using “hot” and “cold” sites throughout the COVID‐19 pandemic was safe practice, although the risk of COVID‐19 remained and is underlined by a postoperative mortality.