bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Availability of forest plots for reforestation activities
Authors: Varaksin G S , Vais A A , Sokolov V A , Vtyurina O P , Yelizentsev E A , Repyakh K K 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOver the past decades, as a result of the economic use of forests, the impact of fires and biotic factors, the forest cover has undergone significant anthropogenic transformation. In certain forest conditions, reforestation is delayed for a long period, which leads to the accumulation of non-producing forest lands. The aim of the work was to develop a methodology for determining the criteria for accessibility of forest areas for carrying out reforestation activities on the example of the territory of the Taezhinsky forestry of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The area is dominated by deciduous plantations of average productivity. In the surveyed areas, natural regeneration is represented by soft-leaved species - birch and aspen of medium and large size categories from 1000 to 6000 pcs/ha. There is no natural regeneration of coniferous species. In these areas, it is necessary to create forest crops. The availability of forest areas for carrying out reforestation activities is limited by the transport, ecological and economic accessibility of forest crops. Within the boundaries of transport accessible quarters for carrying out reforestation activities, areas are identified that are suitable for soil and forest growing conditions for creating forest cultures with promising forest inventory characteristics not lower than grade III. The presented conditions correspond, first of all, to the green moss and forb groups of forest types. These plots constitute the second zone of silvicultural zoning, that is, an outstanding characteristic within the transport accessible quarters. The first stage of development includes forest areas of the II class of bonitet and higher, the second stage - III class of bonitet. Areas of quality class IV and below are reserved for natural reforestation.
Mathematical methods for substantiating transport routes for the movement of natural resources through the forest area
Authors: Medvedev S O , Mokhirev A P , Gerasimova M M , Lyshko A S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The use of modern mathematical tools is an integral part of the development of business and society. Their application allows planning the activities of various institutions and forecasting the development of many complex processes. In particular, such tools are used to substantiate routes for the movement of natural resources. The article shows that the use of graphic-analytical methods can be one of the most optimal solutions in this direction. The graphic-analytical model (simplified) and mathematical models are presented. The paper presents the results of a study of individual features of the use of the mathematical substantiation of the routes of industrial enterprises when moving natural resources (including wood resources delivered from the forest area).
Interaction feature of caterpillar tracks with soil under significant axial displacements of pressure center
Authors: Dobretsov R Yu , Sokolova V A , Teterina I A , Malyukov S V , Aksenov A A , Smertin N V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A calculation method is proposed for assessing the values of normal pressures and transverse reactions under the track of a transport-technological or transport vehicle. The technique is based on a deterministic approach to modeling the interaction of caterpillar tracks with soil. The geometric, power and other characteristics of the chassis and the main characteristics of the soil are taken into account. When modeling normal soil deformation, the Bernstein-Letoshnev relationship was used. Calculated dependencies are proposed, allowing to estimate the value of normal reactions on the supporting surface of the machine and the value of the coefficient of the moment of resistance to turning the chassis. An example of calculations for a tracked chassis weighing eight tons when predicting the track depth is given. The advantage of deterministic methods over stochastic ones in solving problems related to the operational assessment of changes made to the design of the undercarriage of a tracked vehicle has been substantiated.
Forecasting the final moisture of birch lumbers in the process of chamber drying
Authors: Korchuk Yu A , Orlov A A , Popov A A , Ovsyankin A K 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The paper substantiates a method for predicting the timely completion of the process of convective drying of birch lumber. The results of statistical processing of industrial drying of birch lumber in MJR-150 chambers are presented. It has been established that there is a statistically significant dependence of the final moisture content of the dried batch of sawn timber on the temperature difference and equilibrium moisture content characterizing the intensity of moisture evaporation along the movement of the drying agent through the stacks. Depending on the thickness of the sawn timber in the last period of the drying process, the temperature difference is from 0.9 to 3.1 °C, and the EMC difference is from 0.5 to 0.9%. As the average moisture content of wood Wav in stacks decreases, the difference in temperature and equilibrium moisture content decreases. Graphical dependencies for birch lumber 25 and 50 mm thick were built. These graphs are offered to the camera operator as an additional tool for making a decision about the end of the drying process.
Completing of modern energy-saving machine-tractor units
Authors: Yudina E M , Rinas N A , Papusha S K , Brusentsov A S , Samurganov G E 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Labor productivity and crop production of a high quality directly depend on its equipment with the most advanced energy-rich machinery and the use of modern resource-saving technologies. Today, despite the difficult financial situation of agricultural enterprises, their technological infrastructure is implemented without necessary scientific justification, most often at the discretion of particular specialists or for other reasons, but without calculating the optimal composition and structure of the machine-tractor fleet. The units are completed according to the seller and manufacturer recommendations, relying only on the technical characteristics of the tractor and agricultural machine. The article focuses on the problem of completing machine-tractor aggregates, consisting of modern tractors and agricultural machines of domestic and foreign production, which are technically based production rates. For these units, a methodology for their completing, using the potential tractor thrust characteristics, has been developed. A graphic-analytical method for determining the technically based machine production rates is proposed.
Combine harvester improvement for selection and collection of high-quality soybeans
Authors: Prisyazhnaya I M , Prisyazhnaya S P , Sinegovskaya V T , Sinegovskiy M O 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
To obtain biologically valuable and high-quality soybeans it is necessary to improve the design of the two-phase threshing combine harvester which will have a gentle mode for threshing the most mature soybeans in the first threshing drum, make their high-quality cleaning directly in the combine harvester and collect them in a separate hopper. The first seed fraction of biologically valuable and high-quality soybeans is obtained by separating the threshed heap in the first threshing drum. It’s cleaned and collected in a separate hopper. The return is processed in the second threshing drum, and the second fraction of seeds is cleaned and collected in the second hopper of the combine. The straw that comes off the straw walker and enters the auger is divided into two parts, and when it leaves the auger on both sides, it is crushed and thrown out of the sides of the combine. At the same time, during the combine harvesting of soybeans, the chaff coming of the sieve boot and being the high-protein feed consisting of 90% of the bean flaps is collected in the chaff collector. By collecting the most valuable components of the soybean crop, i.e beans and chaff, and embedding the crushed plant stems on the small depth by disking or cultivation, the task of creating conditions for the growth and development of plants in the crop rotation with full mechanized technology of soybean harvesting is solved.
Analytical study of the nonisothermal flow of viscous fluid in an annular clearance at large pressure differentials
Authors: Prokhasko L S , Zalilov R V , Terenteva N G , Ovchinnikova K R , Shakhovskoy A V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The questions of theory related to the study of viscous fluid flow in a small clearances at large pressure differentials are remarkably interesting for practical implementation. These are studies of operation of devices with an uncompressed piston, hydroextrusion with an uncompressed press-washer, hydroextrusion with an uncompressed shank, processes of continuous hydraulic pressing with viscous fluid, analysis of leaks in hydraulic drive elements and other technological spheres. The article presents the results of analytical study of the nonisothermal flow of a viscous fluid in a thin clearance with one movable boundary. The mathematical model takes into account the change of the fluid viscosity caused by pressure and temperature in accordance with the exponential law, as well as the elastic deformations of the walls which limit the clearance, directly proportional to the fluid pressure in a layer.
Renovation of the tractor fleet in the agriculture of the region
Authors: Selivanov N I , Averyanov V V , Kuznetsov A V , Kuzmin N V , Zaprudsky V N 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe article examines the prospect of renewing the tractor fleet in the agriculture of the Krasnoyarsk Territory. It is based on the assessment of the actual composition and renewal of the tractor fleet over the past five years using the developed models for the formation of tractor availability in production. In the period from 2016 to 2020 the annual fleet reduction was 2.90%, with a decrease of 4.76% and a renewal of 1.86%. Tractor availability decreased from 3.40 to 3.27 reference units per 1000 hectares of arable land with practically unchanged age composition and amounted to 69.3% of the norm. A significant reduction in the number of the tractor fleet is compensated by its renewal due to the purchase of wheeled tractors of higher power than those that have departed. The existing rates of renovation do not allow to form in the near future even the basis of the innovation park. It needs to be updated with a simultaneous increase in the number of the main standard sizes of tractors. The average annual increase in the number of tractors in the fleet should be 105 physical or 271 reference units. The total number of the innovation park is 7869 physical or 8708 reference units with a conventional conversion factor of 1.107 and a standard tractor supply of 4.718 reference tractors per 1000 hectares of arable land. The indicated indicators of renewal will make it possible to form the composition of the innovative tractor fleet of the region by 2030.
Investigation of the propagation of free waves in a rod in the design of building structures
Authors: Salieva Olima , Safarov Ismoil , Abidov Komil 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This article investigates the dispersion dependences of waves propagating in a system consisting of an elastic rod immersed in a linear elastic medium. The phase velocities of a wave with a length λ, which propagate under stationary conditions, are investigated. It was found that for a sufficiently small η (a/λ), i.e., for relatively large wavelengths, no waves can propagate in the system under stationary conditions, i.e. there are critical values of η below which no real values of the phase velocity are possible.
Parameters of deep chiseling of soil
Authors: Bibutov Narzulla 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The article covers materials related to the value of soil density and the method of its reduction, deformation, the choice of depth and technology of loosening the subsurface horizon, as well as the determination of some parameters of the loosening leg. One of the optimal ways to reduce the density of the soil is its two-tier chiseling, with the least resistance of the soil to the movement of the tool, with a stroke depth of the working bodies of the upper tier = 0.2.
Effects of irregularities of irrigated lots on stable operation of planning units
Authors: Norov Sobir , Nabiev Mukhammad , Zokirova Dilorom , Muzaffarova Nilufar 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Study of theoretical attempts to influence irregularities of irrigated lots on the stability of planning units. The laws and regulations of farming mechanics have been used in the research process. The diagram of forces acting on the driven front wheel of the tractor when it overcomes a vertical obstacle is justified. Leveling the fields increases the productivity of planning machines, increases the yield of crops, reduces irrigation water and losses during harvesting, at the same time working conditions of workers and mechanization operators, serving the machine-tractor unit, are improved. Maneuvering the speeds of the planning unit allows compensate the loss of time for idle move, thereby increasing the performance of the unit. Irregularities of the worked lands violate the stability of unit’s travel, which leads to violation of quality of performed work.
Combine technology in construction of transport tunnels
Authors: Nosenko A S , Domnitskiy A A , Nosenko V V , Altunina M S , Zubov V V , Kirsanov I A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Article reviews the questions of using the combine technology in construction of transport tunnels with mechanized mining, taking into account the standard being developed, which establishes characteristic features and procedures of classifying the tunnels in public roads. Restrictions in connection to environmental safety of transport activities are specified. It was suggested, along with tunnelling machines of selective effect, to use reloaders with reciprocated motion of traction transporting units and with variable geometry of transporting elements.
Technical condition diagnostics of potato combine harvester
Authors: Ovchinnikova N I , Bonnet V V , Kosareva A V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The technical condition of the combine harvester is one of the critical factors affecting the performance of mechanized potato harvesting. In order to maintain the required level of reliability and durability of farming machinery used for potato harvesting, the authors propose to perform maintenance checks of the mechanical drive on the lifting section of the harvester while turning the drive shaft in two modes: with free and fixed auger. This approach uncovers new dynamic maintenance parameters, which can help detect malfunctions in the safety clutches and working components of the potato harvester, determine when the safety clutches operate, and evaluate the loads acting on the transmission and related parts of the mechanical drive. The study was carried out for three harvesting seasons in the farms of the Irkutsk region using the potato combine harvester KPK-2-01+ MTZ-80. The results can be applied when setting up and adjusting potato harvesters, and when evaluating the technical condition of potato harvesting units with the required configuration.
Separating grain thrower for processing grain material
Authors: Yampilov S S , Tsybenov Zh B , Gylykova S Zh , Onkhonova l O , Moshkin N I 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Research is underway to develop a grain separator. This device performs processing of grain material including cleaning, drying and cooling of grain. The device is able to perform all these operations. Currently, such machines do not exist. Known machines are able to perform only one process. The proposed device differs from all known machines in that it is able to perform the entire complex of works on the processing of grain material. The device consists of a rotating drum, where separating and other elements are installed, allowing to carry out the flight of the grain material into the air stream. The purpose of the research is to study the influence of the main parameters of the separating grain thrower on the processing efficiency of grain material. The geometrical parameters of the device are calculated using differential equations analytically describing the movement of grain in the drum of the device. Experimental setup was made for laboratory research and confirmation of theoretical studies. The tests confirmed the theoretical conclusions.
Simulation of soot formation in a tractor diesel engine running on rapeseed oil methyl ether and methanol
Authors: Likhanov V A , Lopatin O P , Yurlov A S , Anfilatova N S 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe mass content of soot (C) in the cylinder of a tractor diesel engine (TDE) is directly affected by the temperature conditions, the excess air coefficient, and the chemical composition of the fuel. Methanol (M) does not form C particles during combustion. As the C chain in the fuel molecule increases, the propensity to C formation during combustion increases. However, in the presence of oxygen atoms in the initial fuel molecule, it significantly slows down the rate of nucleation of primary particles. During the evolution of the particle in the cylinder of a TDE when working on rapeseed oil methyl ether and methanol (ROMEM), a number of characteristic stages are identified.
Study of the biogas plant with catalytic heating
Authors: Medyakov A A , Lastochkin D M , Kamenskih A D , Anisimov P N , Ostashenkov A P 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Nowadays improving the methods of anaerobic processing of organic waste is an important topic in the development of biogas technologies. Different articles suggest different options to increase the efficiency of biogas plants. The use of catalytic heaters in biogas plants makes it possible to increase the efficiency of their operation. To study the features of using catalytic heaters, a scheme for the functioning of a biogas plant with catalytic heating was developed. The experimental studies with the use of the designed biogas plant with catalytic heating was carried out. Experimental studies of the designed biogas plant with catalytic heating showed the applicability of the proposed technical solutions for the catalytic heating system.
Mathematical efficiency model of the block-module cooling system of automotive vehicles and tractors
Authors: Parlyuk E P , Pulyaev N N , Kurilenko A V 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
As related to other heat exchange systems, the operation of a heat exchanger should be based on the quality analysis of the heat carrier flows. One of these quality characteristics is the uneven distribution of temperature and air flow velocity ahead of the heat exchanger. To obtain more accurate performance indicators, it is necessary to build mathematical models of thermal processes in the radiator taking into account the unevenness of the air flow. The improvement of cooling systems is one of the priorities for the development of motor vehicles, as the temperature and dynamic loads in the engines are increasing due to the requirements that are becoming more stringent every year. First of all, this relates to environmental friendliness and fuel efficiency parameters, and secondly, it is service maintenance and labor safety, etc. Given this trend, it is necessary to pay attention to such important issues as improving the design of cooling systems, influencing the efficiency of heat balance distribution in the internal combustion engine. When developing new heat exchangers, a thermal engineering design should be analyzed to determine the heat exchange surface area that ensures the transfer of a given amount of heat from one heat carrier to another.
Increasing the service life of lubricants for the lubrication of agricultural machinery and road machinery
Authors: Pokidko B V , Alisin V V , Roshchin M N , Simakov A Yu 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of the research on the adsorption activity of activated and organomodified aluminosilicate particles used as nanosized organomineral additives in lubricants technology. The technologies of oil adsorptive purification in presence of modified aluminosilicate particles are examined. The efficiency of bentonite activation with sodium chloride solution, acid activation of powdered bentonite, production of organomodified bentonite for base oil additives, aimed at increasing the wear resistance of steel surfaces, are analyzed. The efficiency of such materials usability for extending the lubricants life cycle has been shown. Tribological tests have confirmed the prospects of additives based on modified particles of aluminosilicates to increase the service life of friction units.
Group Leverage Centrality and its Applications in Brain Networks
Authors: Gupta Amogh , Balaji Harish , Sundareswaran R. , Mahesh V. , Geetanjali B. 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The concept of leverage centrality is the relationship between the degree of a node relative to its neighbours and operates under the principle that a node in a network is central if its immediate neighbours rely on it for information. It was specifically formulated for brain networks. In this paper, we have built upon leverage centrality and introduced group leverage centrality, which is a measure of how important a subset of nodes is in the network. Then, the effects of meditation on different lobes of the brain were quantified using this new centrality measure
Comparison of word embeddings in text classification based on RNN and CNN
Authors: David Merlin Susan , Renjith Shini 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This paper presents a comparison of word embeddings in text classification using RNN and CNN. In the field of image classification, deep learning methods like as RNN and CNN have shown to be popular. CNN is most popular model among deep learning techniques in the field of NLP because of its simplicity and parallelism, even if the dataset is huge. Word embedding techniques employed are GloVe and fastText. Use of different word embeddings showed a major difference in the accuracy of the models. When it comes to embedding of rare words, GloVe can sometime perform poorly. Inorder to tackle this issue, fastText method is used. Deep neural networks with fastText showed a remarkable improvement in the accuracy than GloVe. But fastText took some time to train when compared to GloVe. Further, the accuracy was improved by minimizing the batch size. Finally we concluded that the word embeddings have a huge impact on the performance of text classification models
Assessment of Asphalt Road Pavement Rehabilitation and Maintenance Practices: The Case of West Showa Zone in Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Kenea Lensa Merga , Kumar Leevesh , Singh Sitesh Kumar , Chala Geleta , Chimdi Jifara 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
This study mainly aimed at assessing asphalt road pavement rehabilitation and maintenance practices in West Showa Zone with particular reference to the roads from Ambo to Gedo which covers over 64kms. The study aimed at identifying pavement distresses and causes of pavement distresses. According to data collection and analysis, it was found that the material properties and composition (28.1%), construction quality (18.8%), and road maintenance standards (15.6%) were perceived to be the major causes of pavement distresses on the roadway under study. On the other hand, the result of survey condition data obtained from ERA was analyzed and major distresses were identified including longitudinal joint crack, bleeding and tripping, potholes, generalized marked fretting, deformation, subsidence, rutting, patch, wide block crack, isolated scabbing, low shoulder and wheel path rutting. Besides, limited skilled man power (x=3.78), lack of appropriate pavement management system (x =3.93), budget constraint (x=4.43), absence of appropriate machineries (x=3.53), and lack of monitory and quality control (x=3.75) were among the major challenges related to effective pavement work, road maintenance and rehabilitation practices on the roadway under study.