bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total laryngectomy in a cat with a laryngeal peripheral nerve sheath tumor
Authors: Vincenti Simona , Betting Adeline , Durand Alexane , Campos Miguel , Scanziani Eugenio , Martin Sara Soto 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo report the surgical technique and outcome of total laryngectomy in a single clinical case.Study DesignCase report.AnimalA 5‐year‐old female spayed domestic shorthair cat.MethodsA cat presented for acute, severe respiratory distress caused by an invasive laryngeal mass. Incisional biopsy was indicative of sarcoma. Computed tomography of head, neck, and thorax was performed revealing no evidence of metastasis. A total laryngectomy and permanent tracheostomy were performed, and the cat could breathe without difficulties immediately postoperatively. Histopathology confirmed a laryngeal low‐grade peripheral nerve sheath tumor (PNST).ResultsSurgical margins were free of tumor cells. Surgical revision of the tracheostomy stoma due to obstructive granulation tissue was necessary 24 days after the initial surgery. Nine days after revision surgery, the cat was discharged from the hospital. No evidence of local recurrence or metastasis was detected on repeat computed tomography of the head, neck, and thorax at 6 months, nor on chest radiographs at 12 months postoperatively. At the time of writing (13 months postoperatively), the cat is still alive with a good quality of life.ConclusionTotal laryngectomy with permanent tracheostomy allowed the complete removal of an obstructive laryngeal PNST and provided a good quality of life in a cat.Clinical SignificanceTo the authors' knowledge, this case report represents the first detailed description of the surgical procedure and clinical outcome for a total laryngectomy in a cat.
Integrated Kinematic and Dynamic Optimal Synthesis of Spatial Mechanisms
Authors: Kakatsios A. J. , Tricamo S. J. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A novel integrated technique permitting the simultaneous optimization of kinematic and dynamic characteristics in the synthesis of spatial mechanisms is shown. The nonlinear programming formulation determines mechanism variables which simultaneously minimize the maximum values of bearing reactions, joint torques, driving torque, shaking moment, and shaking force while constraining the maximum kinematic structural error to a prescribed bound. The method is applied to the design of a path generating RRSS spatial mechanism with prescribed input link timing. Dynamic reactions in the mechanisms synthesized using the integrated technique were substantially reduced when compared to those of a mechanism synthesized to satisfy only the specified kinematic conditions.
Conceptual Design As Novel Combination of Existing Device Features
Authors: Ulrich K. , Seering W. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Conceptual design is the initial stage of the transformation between functional and structural descriptions of devices. Our primary aim is to develop ideas that will allow computer tools for conceptual design to be built. In this paper, we point out a fundamental trade-off between the expressiveness of design languages and the computational complexity of the resulting design problem. Research in computational conceptual design can therefore be viewed as the problem of defining a design language and then devising ways of controlling the size of the resulting design space. We propose that an effective means of controlling complexity is to use knowledge of existing designs to guide the synthesis of novel designs. We illustrate this concept with a program that designs novel mechanical fasteners from knowledge of existing fasteners. We analyze this experiment and highlight several areas for future work.
An Empirical Study of Compliant Assembly in Three Dimensions
Authors: Rivero J. A. , Seering W. P. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A five degree-of-freedom compliant parts mating machine, or PMM, is described. The PMM is capable of analyzing three dimensional assembly processes, regardless of part shape. It measures forces and moments during assembly and also records the linear displacement and rotation of the parts being assembled. The effects of positional errors, angular errors, ratio of rotary-to-linear stiffness, and the location of the center of rotation on maximum insertion forces during assembly are described. Experimental results for the three dimensional assembly of a compliantly supported peg-and-hole are presented.
Dynamic Analysis of Two Cooperating Robots
Authors: Pennock G. R. , Ryuh B. S. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The use of a computer-controlled multirobot system with sensors in batch manufacturing and assembly tasks offers a number of significant advantages. These include cost savings, reliability, tolerance of working environments unacceptable to humans, and an adaptability to both structured and unstructured environments through simple reprogramming. The end results are improved productivity, efficiency, and flexibility in manufacturing and automation. However, the use of two or more cooperating robots has not been fully exploited to date. Current industrial practice employs simple time-space coordination which does not allow more than one robot working in a common workspace, such coordination and control results in under-utilization of robots. With the increasing demand for high performance manipulators and efficient multirobot manufacturing cells, there is a vital need to develop theoretical and design methodologies that will solve the generic problems faced by industrial robots working cooperatively. If multirobot systems are to be used in manufacturing and assembly tasks, a thorough knowledge of the dynamics of such systems is essential. This paper formulates the dynamics of two robots cooperating to move a rigid body object. The analysis is based on Newtonian mechanics with screw calculus and dual transformation matrices.
Higher risk of death from COVID-19 in low-income and non-White populations of São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Li Sabrina L , Pereira Rafael H M , Prete Jr Carlos A , Zarebski Alexander E , Emanuel Lucas , Alves Pedro J H , Peixoto Pedro S , Braga Carlos K V , de Souza Santos Andreza Aruska , de Souza William M , Barbosa Rogerio J , Buss Lewis F , Mendrone Alfredo , de Almeida-Neto Cesar , Ferreira Suzete C , Salles Nanci A , Marcilio Izabel , Wu Chieh-Hsi , Gouveia Nelson , Nascimento Vitor H , Sabino Ester C , Faria Nuno R , Messina Jane P 
Published: April 2021

IntroductionLittle evidence exists on the differential health effects of COVID-19 on disadvantaged population groups. Here we characterise the differential risk of hospitalisation and death in São Paulo state, Brazil, and show how vulnerability to COVID-19 is shaped by socioeconomic inequalities.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using hospitalised severe acute respiratory infections notified from March to August 2020 in theSistema de Monitoramento Inteligente de São Paulodatabase. We examined the risk of hospitalisation and death by race and socioeconomic status using multiple data sets for individual-level and spatiotemporal analyses. We explained these inequalities according to differences in daily mobility from mobile phone data, teleworking behaviour and comorbidities.ResultsThroughout the study period, patients living in the 40% poorest areas were more likely to die when compared with patients living in the 5% wealthiest areas (OR: 1.60, 95% CI 1.48 to 1.74) and were more likely to be hospitalised between April and July 2020 (OR: 1.08, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.12). Black andPardoindividuals were more likely to be hospitalised when compared with White individuals (OR: 1.41, 95% CI 1.37 to 1.46; OR: 1.26, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.28, respectively), and were more likely to die (OR: 1.13, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.19; 1.07, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.10, respectively) between April and July 2020. Once hospitalised, patients treated in public hospitals were more likely to die than patients in private hospitals (OR: 1.40%, 95% CI 1.34% to 1.46%). Black individuals and those with low education attainment were more likely to have one or more comorbidities, respectively (OR: 1.29, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.39; 1.36, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.45).ConclusionsLow-income and Black andPardocommunities are more likely to die with COVID-19. This is associated with differential access to quality healthcare, ability to self-isolate and the higher prevalence of comorbidities.
Multilevel Regulation of β-Catenin Activity by SETD2 Suppresses the Transition from Polycystic Kidney Disease to Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Rao Hanyu , Li Xiaoxue , Liu Min , Liu Jing , Feng Wenxin , Tang Huayuan , Xu Jin , Gao Wei-Qiang , Li Li 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Patients with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) are at a high risk of developing renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, little is known about genetic alterations or changes in signaling pathways during the transition from PKD to RCC. SET domain–containing 2 (SETD2) is a histone methyltransferase, which catalyzes tri-methylation of H3K36 (H3K36me3) and has been identified as a tumor suppressor in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), but the underlying mechanism remains largely unexplored. Here we report that knockout of SETD2 in a c-MYC–driven PKD mouse model drove the transition to ccRCC. SETD2 inhibited β-catenin activity at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels by competing with β-catenin for binding promoters of target genes and maintaining transcript levels of members of the β-catenin destruction complex. Thus, SETD2 deficiency enhanced the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and tumorigenesis through the hyperactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our findings reveal previously unrecognized roles of SETD2-mediated competitive DNA binding and H3K36me3 modification in regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling during the transition from PKD to ccRCC. The novel autochthonous mouse models of PKD and ccRCC will be useful for preclinical research into disease progression.

Significance:
These findings characterize multiple mechanisms by which SETD2 inhibits β-catenin activity during the transition of polycystic kidney disease to renal cell carcinoma, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for high-risk patients.
Development and Validation of a Simplified Score to Predict Early Relapse in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma in a Pooled Dataset of 2,190 Patients
Authors: Zaccaria Gian Maria , Bertamini Luca , Petrucci Maria Teresa , Offidani Massimo , Corradini Paolo , Capra Andrea , Romano Alessandra , Liberati Anna Marina , Mannina Donato , de Fabritiis Paolo , Cascavilla Nicola , Ruggeri Marina , Mina Roberto , Patriarca Francesca , Benevolo Giulia , Belotti Angelo , Gaidano Gianluca , Nagler Arnon , Hájek Roman , Spencer Andrew , Sonneveld Pieter , Musto Pellegrino , Boccadoro Mario , Gay Francesca 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Purpose:
Despite the improvement of therapeutic regimens, several patients with multiple myeloma (MM) still experience early relapse (ER). This subset of patients currently represents an unmet medical need.

Experimental Design:
We pooled data from seven European multicenter phase II/III clinical trials enrolling 2,190 patients with newly diagnosed MM from 2003 to 2017. Baseline patient evaluation included 14 clinically relevant features. Patients with complete data (n = 1,218) were split into training (n = 844) and validation sets (n = 374). In the training set, a univariate analysis and a multivariate logistic regression model on ER within 18 months (ER18) were made. The most accurate model was selected on the validation set. We also developed a dynamic version of the score by including response to treatment.

Results:
The Simplified Early Relapse in Multiple Myeloma (S-ERMM) score was modeled on six features weighted by a score: 5 points for high lactate dehydrogenase or t(4;14); 3 for del17p, abnormal albumin, or bone marrow plasma cells &gt;60%; and 2 for λ free light chain. The S-ERMM identified three patient groups with different risks of ER18: Intermediate (Int) versus Low (OR = 2.39, P &lt; 0.001) and High versus Low (OR = 5.59, P &lt; 0.001). S-ERMM High/Int patients had significantly shorter overall survival (High vs. Low: HR = 3.24, P &lt; 0.001; Int vs. Low: HR = 1.86, P &lt; 0.001) and progression-free survival-2 (High vs. Low: HR = 2.89, P &lt; 0.001; Int vs. Low: HR = 1.76, P &lt; 0.001) than S-ERMM Low. The Dynamic S-ERMM (DS-ERMM) modulated the prognostic power of the S-ERMM.

Conclusions:
On the basis of simple, widely available baseline features, the S-ERMM and DS-ERMM properly identified patients with different risks of ER and survival outcomes.
Platelet Activation and Plasma Levels of Furin Are Associated With Prognosis of Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and COVID-19
Authors: Langnau Carolin , Rohlfing Anne-Katrin , Gekeler Sarah , Günter Manina , Pöschel Simone , Petersen-Uribe Álvaro , Jaeger Philippa , Avdiu Alban , Harm Tobias , Kreisselmeier Klaus-Peter , Castor Tatsiana , Bakchoul Tamam , Rath Dominik , Gawaz Meinrad Paul , Autenrieth Stella E. , Mueller Karin Anne Lydia 
Published: April 2021

Objective:
Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) are at increased risk for cardiac death and respiratory failure following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Platelets are crucially involved in pathogenesis of CAD and might also contribute to pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Approach and Results:

We enrolled a cohort of 122 participants from February 2020 to July 2020 including 55 patients with preexisting CAD and acute SARS-CoV-2 infection (CAD-SARS-CoV-2
positive
), 28 patients with CAD and without SARS-CoV-2 (CAD-SARS-CoV-2
negative
), and 39 healthy controls. Clinical and cardiac examination of the CAD-SARS-CoV-2
positive
group included blood sampling, echocardiography, and electrocardiography within 24 hours after hospital admission. Phenotyping of platelets was performed by flow cytometry; plasma levels of chemokines were analyzed by ELISA. Respiratory failure of patients was stratified by the Horovitz index as moderately/severely impaired when Horovitz index <200 mm Hg. The clinical end point was defined as Horovitz index <200 mm Hg with subsequent mechanical ventilation within a follow-up of 60 days. CAD-SARS-CoV-2
positive
patients display a significant enhanced platelet activation and hyper-inflammation early at time of hospital admission. Circulating platelet/leukocyte co-aggregates correlate with plasma levels of cytokines/chemokines like IL (interleukin)-6, CCL2, and CXCL10 (chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand) as well as activation of platelets is associated with CCL5 and elevation of pulmonary artery pressure. Furthermore, furin is stored and released from activated platelets. High furin plasma levels are associated with poor clinical prognosis in CAD-SARS-CoV-2
positive
patients.

Conclusions:
Patients with CAD and SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibit elevated systemic platelet activation and enhanced plasma levels of the subtilisin-like proprotein convertase furin, which may contribute to an unfavorable clinical prognosis.
Severe Dysphagia Predicts Poststroke Fever
Authors: Stösser Sebastian , Gotthardt Matthias , Lindner-Pfleghar Beate , Jüttler Eric , Kassubek Rebecca , Neugebauer Hermann 
Published: April 2021

Background and Purpose:
Fever is a common observation after ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke and is associated with a worse clinical outcome. Infections, stroke severity, preexisting medical conditions, insertion of catheters, and dysphagia have been implicated in causing poststroke fever. Given that dysphagia has not been evaluated in detail yet, the aim of this study was to investigate if the severity of dysphagia assessed by a detailed swallowing assessment predicts poststroke fever.

Methods:
In this retrospective monocentric cohort study, all patients admitted for ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke within 12 months were included. Patients underwent a detailed standardized swallowing assessment including a clinical exam by a speech therapist and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation in a subset of patients. Patients who developed fever within 5 days were compared with patients without fever regarding swallowing parameters and other clinical characteristics relevant for the prediction of poststroke fever.

Results:
Nine hundred twenty-three patients with acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke were included. One hundred twenty-seven (13.8%) patients developed fever. In multivariable analyses, fever was independently predicted by moderate-to-severe dysphagia in clinical assessments (odds ratio [95% CI], 3.05 [1.65–5.66]) and also by dysphagia with proven risk of aspiration as a combined end point of clinical and instrumental assessments (1.79 [1.07–3.00]). Other independent predictors were stroke severity (odds ratio, 1.06 per point on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score [1.01–1.11]) and the presence of an urinary catheter (odds ratio, 2.03 [1.13–3.65]).

Conclusions:
Severe dysphagia evaluated by a detailed clinical assessment complemented by instrumental testing predicts the development of poststroke fever. Early identification of patients with severe dysphagia after stroke followed by consequent monitoring and treatment might be effective in reducing poststroke fever.
In Defense of the Disabled Man at the Bethesda Fountain (John 5:1–15)
Authors: Martin Helena L. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A man has been lying at the Bethesda fountain for thirty-eight years when he has a miraculous encounter with Jesus. Throughout history, this man has been seen as lazy, unfaithful. Such unfavorable interpretations of this man rely not on the text but on physiognomy, wherein the man’s impaired body tells interpreters all they need to know about his moral character. Such interpretations originate in ableist biases, rather than unprejudiced readings of the text. I propose a disability-informed interpretation of John 5:1–15, aiming both to reread and rewrite the text. I first critique the reception of this text in history, then offer constructive suggestions using philological inquiry and reading the passage in the context of ancient humoral medicine. Finally, taking a cue from Wilda Gafney’s womanist midrash, I employ “sacred imagination” to re-tell the story. I hope to offer a new perspective on this passage that has been understood so harmfully.
Christemporos: Christ and the Market in Early Christian Texts
Authors: Nasrallah Laura 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Early Christians coined the word christemporos (“Christ-seller”) to mark other early Christians as abusive in their apostolic or Christian labor. This article explores the neologism, first embedding it within the market terminology of contemporaneous epigraphy and emphasizing its similarity to the term sōmatemporos, slave-seller or slave-trader. Second, the term christemporos, because of its frequent connection to the image of “huckstering the word of God” from 2 Cor. 2:17, is analyzed in relation to practices of hospitium. The term christemporos is invective: you would have to be pretty low to sell the anointed one; you would have to be a huckster or peddler, as Paul says, or a betrayer, as Judas was. The term also reflects a larger area of inquiry in antiquity: Is hospitality or the gift possible? The article, in focusing on christemporos, also considers how philological investigation can participate in a transhistorical “wake work,” to cite Christina Sharpe.
The Multiple Aspects of ‘Time’ Rendering Justice for War Crimes in Iraq
Authors: Hansen Thomas Obel 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This article takes the starting point in an examination of the case study of accountability for UK war crimes in Iraq, to engage recent developments in the transitional justice field. The article observes that while some passage of time in the context of war-related crimes tends to be a precondition for any kind of justice, the passage of time can easily end up complicating and obscuring the prospects for justice. The article demonstrates how accountability at the domestic level for these crimes has become increasingly implausible with time, partly due to the development of a prevailing narrative of ‘cycles’ of ineffective investigations (and re-investigations) that have become politically loaded and increasingly unpopular especially in what could be labelled the ‘pro-military establishment’.
Deconstruction of Soviet Deportations in Lithuania in the Context of the Genocide Convention
Authors: Sagatienė Dovilė 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper explores Soviet deportations of Lithuanian citizens during occupations in 1940–1941 and 1944–1952 in the framework of a genocidal act as listed in Article ii, (c) of the 1948 Genocide Convention—deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part. The focus of this paper is on the nature of Soviet deportations and the evaluation of two types of Soviet deportations from the perspective of legal elements indicated by Article ii, (c) of the Genocide Convention; including targeted persons, premeditation and principal mechanisms.
The Postmodern Pulse of Postproverbials in African Cultural Space
Authors: Akinsete Charles Tolulope 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The last few decades of the twentieth century witnessed influx of Western theories into African scholarship. This is gradually being deconstructed with preponderant discourse of decolonization, as a contemporary theme in postcolonial Africa. The practice of postproverbiality, which resonates during the same historical phase, indicates transgressive subversion of alternate creations that run parallel with postmodern temperance. This study, therefore, examines the postmodern pulse as a significant component of the aesthetics and values of postproverbiality pulse in contemporary African literary cum cultural space. The aim is to foreground the theoretical significance of postmodernism as the compelling forte of postproverbiality and in furtherance, to articulate the postmodern presence in contemporary African literary space. Part of the research objectives is to critically analyse the socio-cultural content and context of postproverbials and explore the postmodern pulse of selected postproverbial forms as the prostheses of conventional African proverbs.
Al-Ghuluwu fi al-amsal al-arabiy
Authors: Akewula Adams Olufemi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Al-Ghuluwu fi al-amsal al-arabiy (Postproverbial) is a new trend in modern Arabic studies. It is a way to gain the perceptions of learners of the language into Afro-Arabic and Yoruba cultures in contemporary times. Through the learning of the subject matter, University of Ibadan students of Arabic Language and Literature explore how much common philosophy is shared between postproverbial expressions in Arabic and Yoruba languages. Afro-Arabic postproverbial demonstrates the trends of modernity within the culture. It absorbs and transforms wisdom accumulated over the few years with the experience of students in their various localities. This paper investigates the exposure to postproverbiality in Arabic among the students of Arabic language and literature who are predominantly Yoruba in the University of Ibadan and how the practice of postproverbials transforms their perceptions and values of Yoruba and Afro-Arab cultural concepts. Thus, two questions are raised: to what extent does the use of postproverbials in the Arabic literature course in the University of Ibadan shed light on Yoruba cultural aspects not regularly covered in Arabic Proverbs? How does the use of postproverbials in the Arabic literature course promote a new understanding among the students and make them discover and reassess their values and preferences in the modern time? The theoretical framework of the paper is adopted from A. Raji-Oyelade’s “Postproverbials in Yoruba Culture: A Playful Blasphemy”. The result of this study indicates that students employed their basic knowledge of Arabic language, coupled with their Yoruba cultural background, to re-create a number of postproverbial texts within the context of Arabic culture. It also exhibits their level of consciousness in the modern times.