bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a virtual urban oasis design to reduce urban stress in warm-humid climate
Authors: Pansela Daniel , Sekarlangit Nimas , Satwiko Prasasto , Felasari Sushardjanti 
Published: April 2021

AbstractDense cities around the world, including those in the warm-humid climate, develop very fast by urbanization. Natural sceneries are commonly limited in those cities, which some experts said links to urban stress syndrome. The urban oasis, a relatively small pocket park located in urban gaps or between buildings easily accessible to the surrounding community, is needed to reduce the urban stress. However, designing an urban oasis and building it for granted does not guarantee its therapeutic effect. Meanwhile, current advanced virtual reality technology offers the ability to explore the therapeutic impact of urban oasis design before it is built. This research reports the development of a virtual urban oasis based on its effect on human stress. The experiment adopted a virtual reality method with Unreal Engine 4 software to construct a virtual urban oasis based on preceding theoretical reviews on reducing urban stress. Three respondents wore Head Mounted Display (Oculus Rift S) submerged in the virtual urban oasis while POLAR H10 recorded their heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV). The experiment found that the virtual urban oasis decreased the HR and increased the HRV by consecutively, 11% and 8%. Thus, the virtual urban oasis helped reducing stress. Keyword : Unreal engine, urban stress, heart rate variability
Application of Genetic Algorithm in optimizing redesign of street lighting
Authors: Shintabella R , Abdullah A G , Hakim D L 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Street lighting system is designed to give comfort to users by considering the energy saving aspect, lighting quality and suitability with the lighting standard. This research aims to describe the results of optimizing the redesign of street-lighting using the artificial intelligence method, Genetic Algorithm. This algorithm is applied based on the relationship between energy use and public street lighting parameters such as the average illumination, wide roads, high pole, and various other parameters that correspond to the lighting standards in Indonesia. The redesign process is using MATLAB for Genetic Algorithm simulation and DIALux for implement of design results. The results of this study indicate that this method is very good and recommended to the designer in determining the design parameters.
Prototype of portable measurement instrument for turnout motor power in railway system
Authors: Budiman F , Sugiana A , Ramdhani M , Nasution H A K , Farhan R , Sebayang A E 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A prototype of rail turnout motor measurement device was designed based on motor torque inspection, using a load cell sensor. A rail turnout is a branched railroad construction to control the railroad track that controlled by turnout motor, therefore it is one of important railways elements for guiding and directing the train to not derailment or collide with another train. The device was made in order to check the reliability of turnout machine in railway systems. In Indonesia, currently the inspection of turnout machine was done manually and still not so efficient in term of the process. Here, we built a portable system device consisted of load sensor, processed with a microcontroller and the data were recorded and displayed in a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). The device was tested directly to a turnout machine on the railroad at Kiara Condong Station, Bandung, Indonesia. The measured results showed that the device working properly and the average pulling strength of turnout machine at the station was 256.6 ± 2.88 kg.
‘Bina Wicara’ application and communication engineering of parents toward autism children
Authors: Yusria Y , Ridwan R , Hariyanto D , Ariska M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The’Bina Wicara’ application is a game that is used to practice the ability of children to communicate with other people around them that can be used for speech therapy. Communication engineering is a learning process that involves the participation of parents in helping children to talk. The purpose of this study is to help an application toward autism children who experience difficulties and disturbances in speaking through game play and parental communication engineering in engaging and actively participating. This study uses a qualitative and technological mixed approach to communication media technology in autistic children service institutions in Jambi province. The subjects in this study were some 8 years old. students The final results of this study explain that: first. play games are able to encourage children to identify objects and pronounce them correctly. Through the use of speech development applications such as this game in children with autism can help children to mimic movements / motor mouth, vocal imitation, label and identify and follow simple commands. The second finding from the results of this study shows that through the involvement and active participation of parents in the learning process can help children organize their language development. The other side of the findings of this study explains that the interaction of the environment around children, especially children with special needs can help develop their speaking skills.
The swelling effect of sodium-bentonite as an additive in water-based drilling sludge with different concentration of polyamine inhibition
Authors: Akbar T , Setiati R , Akbar R 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A highly reactive sludge on drilling progress has become a common problem. The problem will cause swelling clay or high filtration loss. With a risk of swelling appearance and too much filtration loss that may cause, sodium-bentonite is widely used in drilling sludge to give more viscosity and optimal ability to hold and lift the cutting inside the borehole. It contains mostly montmorillonite like particles of sodium that overpower the iolite content inside it. Polyamine as an inhibitor to the clay can infiltrate into the bentonite c-spacing, which is a gap between two layers of bentonite structure. A test has been conducted to measure the effect of polyamine inhibition inside a water-base sludge formulation x that is previously inhibited with sodium-bentonite. These tests were conducted using a number of instruments such as API Filtrate loss, swell meter test, retort oven, and Vann vg meter with API Standard procedure. The result provides a distinctive conclusion about how the rheological elements react toward the polyamine existence with different concentrations (4gr-10,5gr) inside the sludge. This research also reveals that the sludge durability is different between room temperature and high temperature (300°F).
Effect of Bubble Size on Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon dioxide to Formic Acid
Authors: Widiatmoko Pramujo , Hendra Saputera Wibawa , Devianto Hary , Nurdin Isdiriayani , Rivana Esperanza , Angkasa Albert 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
A variety of technologies to diminish greenhouse gases CO2 emission have been extensively explored in recent years. One promising technology called electrochemical reduction of CO2 have been developed to convert CO2 into value-added chemicals, such as methanol, ethanol, ethylene, and formic acid. One of important parameter that need to be considered is the size of CO2 bubbles. In general, decreasing bubbles size can increase retention time of carbon dioxide in an electrolyte. In this research, effect of the microbubble size on the effectiveness of electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to formic acid was studied. Bubbles with average diameter 0.321 and 0.952 mm were generated through perforated glass apparatus. The FTIR analysis showed peak at 1634 cm−1 which attributed to C=O bonding of formic acid. Smaller bubble size showed relatively more stable and higher electric current during electrolysis, indicating better retention time of carbon dioxide in the electrolyte.
Lipase immobilization onto Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNC) for catalyzing lipolysis of triglycerides
Authors: Restiawaty Elvi , Arabica Yatasya Fauzatu , Ellys  , Tresna Umi Culsum Neng , Akhmaloka  , Wibisono Budhi Yogi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Over the past decade, the technology of enzyme immobilization has been developed because it is able to produce reusable immobilized enzymes to reduce production costs. This research aims to synthesize cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) from sugarcane bagasse. The CNC was then used as a matrix in immobilization of lipase to be applied in triglyceride lipolysis. Lipase was immobilized onto CNC through covalent bonding method at 25°C dan pH 7 with immobilization period variation of 0.5–4.5 hours. The immobilized lipase will be utilized to catalyze lipolysis reaction of triglyceride from palm oil, with lipolysis period 2–10 hours, reaction temperature of 25–60°C, and pH of 6.25–11.25. Lipase was successfully immobilized onto CNC so it can be utilized in lipolysis of palm oil with degree of hydrolysis about 10%. The optimum immobilization time and reaction time of lipolysis was 1.5 hours and 6–8 hours, respectively. Both free lipase and immobilized lipase had the optimum temperature at 40°C. In contrast to the optimum temperature, the optimum pH of the lipolysis reaction using free lipase is different from that of lipolysis using immobilized lipase. The optimum pH of lipolysis using free lipase is pH 7.25, while the optimum pH for reaction using immobilized lipase is shifted to pH 8.25.
Evaluation of Heat Distribution And Aeration On Xylanase Production From Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Using Tray Bioreactor
Authors: Meilany Diah , Kresnowati M T A P , Setiadi Tjandra 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Indonesia imports ±99% of its industrial enzyme supply, mostly from China, India, Japan, and Europe. Xylanase is one of the most widely used enzymes in industries, mainly pulp and paper, animal feed, and bakery. Previous research has shown that Aspergillus fumigatus ITBCCL170 can produce xylanase enzyme using the Solid State Fermentation (SSF) process in a tray bioreactor using OPEFB. The tray bioreactor model for solid-state fermentation was developed and further used to simulate the effects of aeration and heat distribution on biomass growth and enzyme production. The results showed that solid-state fermentation in a tray bioreactor is indeed far from ideal as the model simulated. Yet, parallel aeration can increase cell and enzyme production, which needed further validation.
Phenolic Compound, Antioxidant and Antibacterial properties of Electrospun PVP Nanofiber loaded with Bassela rubra linn extract and Alginate from Sargassum sp.
Authors: Lutfi Septiani Eka , Putri Prastuti Okky , Machmudah Siti , Winardi Sugeng , Wahyudiono  , Kanda Hideki , Goto Motonobu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
An alternative wound dressing based on nanofiber mats have been developed recently. The antioxidant and antibacterial activity play an important role in wound healing process. This study aims to combine the properties of Bassela rubra linn extract (BRLE) and Alginate from brown macroalgae into Polivynil Pyrrolidone (PVP) nanofiber using electrospinning method. Firstly, the optimization step was conducted to obtain the best operation voltage and distance. Afterwards, the nanofiber composites of PVP/BRLE/Alginate were injected into electrospinning tool in various Alginate concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3% (w/w) respectively. The morphology of PVP nanofiber observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) conveys that the closest distance and the highest voltage were the best. Meanwhile, the in vitro analysis through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and antibacterial activity to S. aureus and E. choli bacteria show a quite strong radical scavenging ability around 60% and adequate antibacterial property as good as reference a well-known material consecutively.
Modelling and Simulation of Biobutanol Fermentation by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4
Authors: Restiawaty Elvi , Harimawan Ardiyan , Rizki Novaldio , Irfan Rafi Fauz 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Biobutanol exhibits high octane number, non-hygroscopic, non-corrosive and can be mixed with gasoline without engine modification. Furthermore, the use of biobutanol as a fuel can reduce the negative impact of environmental due to the use of fossil-based fuel. Therefore, research on the development of biobutanol is still very much needed, including research on modelling and simulation of biobutanol production by fermentation. With modelling and simulation, we can predict various biobutanol production behaviour. This paper deals with the modelling and simulation of the production of biobutanol from glucose in batch bioreactor using Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4. C. saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 exhibits a good growth ability on simple or complex sugars, such as glucose, sucrose, or starch. This study concerned with the kinetics models of biobutanol production as developed by Shinto based on the C. acetobutylicum metabolic pathway which consists of the glycolysis, acidogenesis and solventogenesis pathways with several simplification of reactions. In this study, modelling was carried out by adapting the rate parameter value of k13
indicating the rate constant of cell death. The adapted models were applied to determine the effect of the initial concentration of glucose and organic acids on the production of butanol and compared to the experimental data from previous research. Model simulations were performed by using MATLAB® software. The butanol yield was affected by the initial glucose concentration. The highest butanol yield of 77% was obtained at a glucose concentration of 22 g/L. The simulation results exhibit that the biobutanol yield decreases when the glucose concentration is higher than 22 g/L. These results are consistent with previous experimental data. The simulation results also show the effect of the concentration of acetic acid in the fermentation medium and can be optimized. From the simulation results, the presence of 7.5 g/L acetic acid can increase the biobutanol production by 20%. However, previous experimental data showed that a concentration of 2.5 g/L acetic acid was preferred. The simulation results also show the effect of the addition of butyric acid and lactic acid on the production of biobutanol.
Novel Approach of Biodiesel Production Waste Utilization to Support Circular Economy in Biodiesel Industry
Authors: Choirun Az Zahra Aghietyas , Arina Rusyda Ilya , Hizbiyati Andini , Giovani Felix , Zahara Nabila , Jiwandaru Bramantha , Gunawan David , Andre Halim Giovani , Pratiwi Meiti , Nur Istyami Astri , Verani Rouly Sihombing Atmy , Harimawan Ardiyan , Sasongko Dwiwahju , Rizkiana Jenny 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Current development of industry nowadays is more towards sustainability and greener production that minimize the production of waste, for example the production of biodiesel energy from Refined, Bleached, and Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO). However, biodiesel production is still could not eliminate the hazardous waste that is glycerin pitch. Glycerin pitch is a waste found in the glycerin purification unit which is a unit used to produce the high-grade glycerin, a side product of biodiesel production. Up until now, the existing glycerin pitch is still not well managed and remains as a hazardous waste. Glycerin pitch contains a sodium salt that can be recovered to produce biodiesel transesterification catalyst, sodium methoxide. Applying a concept of circular economy, a catalyst recovery building block is attached to integrated biodiesel process with glycerol purification. The process consists of three units, solid-liquid extraction to separate inorganic salt contains in the pitch, Chlor-Alkali process to convert inorganic sodium salt to sodium hydroxide, and catalyst making reactor to produce a sodium methoxide. Using a simulation process, the amount of catalyst recovered in the process is 43.78%.
Preliminary Evaluation of Halal Protein Hydrolysate Production in Indonesia
Authors: Tri Ari Penia Kresnowati Made , Rahayu Affandi Cantika , Pratiwi Cindi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Protein hydrolysate is widely used in industry, for example as a substrate for microbial fermentation. With respect to the halal certification of the final fermentation products, the halal status of all media components, including protein hydrolysate, needs to be clarified as well. Indonesia has abundant protein-rich natural resources as well as protein-rich industrial byproducts that have not been utilized optimally. Industrial production of halal protein hydrolysate has been overlooked. This research explored the potential of using protein-rich industrial/agricultural by-products, such as cassava leaves, soybean waste (tofu and soy sauce dregs), cow waste (bones and cow skin), fish waste (fish bones and skin), chicken waste (chicken feet and skin), cheese whey, and corn steep liquor, to be processed using halal and green processes to produce halal protein hydrolysate. The best combination of raw material and protease was obtained by simulating the breaking of the peptide bond of the raw material by a protease to determine the effectiveness of the protein hydrolysis process of each combination. Further simulations were carried out using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, to consider the availability/accessibility of raw materials, the protein content of the raw materials, the cleavage of peptide bonds by the enzyme, the price of the enzymes, and the ease of processing which included pre-treatment of raw materials.
Cradle to Gate Life Cycle Assessment of Palm Oil Industry
Authors: Ahmadi  , Mahidin  , Faisal M , Hamdani  , Siregar K , Erdiwansyah  , Masturah R , Nasrullah  
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Crude palm oil production Indonesia especially in Aceh every year continues to increase because the consumption of its derivative products such as cosmetics, food and fuel increases. The increasing demand for CPO has caused palm oil companies expanding their plantations. Based on data from the Ministry of Agriculture in 2018, the total area of Indonesian palm oil reaches 14.3 million hectares. The focus of this paper aims to evaluate the cradle to gate impact produced at land preparation, the nursery stage and the process of producing palm oil. Life cycle assessment is used to evaluate the impact of product for its entire life cycle. This research was conducted with simulation using SimaPro 9.0 software and impact 2002+ method. The results of the data processing with the simulation showed that fertilization stage was the stage with the largest impact with persentage 83% of the category, namely human health, ecosystem quality, climate change and resources 0.0000567 DALY, 9.44 PDF.m2.year, 148 kg CO2 eq and 1650 main MJ, respectively. Meanwhile, the processing of palm oil into CPO the largest environmental impact was in the category of non-renewable energy and global warming of 90 MJ and 9.6 kg CO2 eq.
Circular Economy on Non-Biodegradable Waste Management with MASARO Technology
Authors: Abidin A Z , Yemensia E V , Wijaya K W , Rahardjo A P 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The study was based on indonesia and global waste managament issue especially on non-biodegradable waste handling and the circular economy of the method to solve the problem. Non-biodegradable waste is a problem in the world and its management especially for non-recycled waste does not reflect the circular economy principle and not environmentally friendly. This needs a new method that can process this type of waste through an environmentally friendly recovery process. Zero Waste Management/Manajemen Sampah Zero (MASARO) technology presents a solution to this problem by processing non-recycled non-biodegradable waste through a plastic refinery unit in Non-Biodegradable Waste Management Installation/Instalasi Pengolahan Sampah Anorganik (IPSA). The application of the circular economy principle has been carried out in this MASARO plastic refinery where All non-biodegradable waste is processed into other useful products, such as: fuel, planting media, wood preservatives and organic pesticides. There is no non-biodegradable waste ended up in Temporary Waste Site (TPS) and Final Landfill (TPA). Therefore, MASARO plastic refinery is an environmentally friendly solotion for non-biodegradable waste and suitable for sustainable development.
Non-Solvent Selection for Cellulose Acetate/Polyethylene Glycol/Polyethylene Glycol-grafting-Graphene Oxide Membranes
Authors: Ramadhani A , Nyamiati R D , Berin I , Murtadho N A , Rahmawati Y , Nurkhamidah S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Fabrication process of membrane is key factor for producing reverse osmosis membrane with a good performance for desalination process. One of the methods to fabricate membrane is phase inversion where casted membrane was immersed in the non-solvent. Non-solvent is important parameter to determine that phase inversion is success or not in resulting the morphology of the membrane. As known that morphology of the membrane contributes to the performance of the membrane. In this study, several non-solvents have been used to fabricate CA/PEG/PEG-g-GO membrane. Non-solvent used in this study were water, isopropanol, methanol, isopropanol-water and methanol-water. The morphology of the membrane was analyzed using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The thermodynamic and kinetic properties of non-solvent/solvent/polymer CA/PEG systems are studied and correlated with membrane morphology. Membrane performance was determined by salt rejection, permeate flux, and permeability. The experiment results show that the best non-solvent is water followed by isopropanol, isopropanol-water, methanol, and methanol-water. CA/PEG/PEG-g-GO membrane with water as non-solvent has a salt rejection (% R) of 75%, permeate flux (F) of 1,985 L/m2.h, permeability of 0.0005 L/m2.h.kPa and the morphology is sponge-like with the pore size diameter in average is 0.471 µm.
Effect of Additive on Microstructure, Hydrophilicity and Ultrafiltration Performance of Polyethylene Terephthalate Membranes
Authors: Kusumocahyo Samuel P. , Ambani Syarifa K. , Marceline Shelly , Michelle Franzesca 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Ultrafiltration is a pressure-driven separation process through a porous membrane that can separate particles or macromolecules from a solution. Ultrafiltration is mostly applied for water treatment processes in various industries such as pharmaceutical, chemical, food and beverage industries. Commercial ultrafiltration membranes are mostly fabricated from polymer materials such as polysulfone, polyethersulfone and cellulose acetate. These polymers are expensive, and for the time being they are not produced in Indonesia. In this work, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle waste was used as the polymer material to prepare ultrafiltration membranes. PET is commonly used as a packaging material for foods and beverages due to its low price and excellent mechanical properties. The PET membranes were prepared via a phase-inversion technique using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the additive. It was observed that the addition of PEG improved the flexibility and the hydrophilicity of the membranes. The water contact angle decreased to 61.5° by the addition of PEG. The microstructures of the membranes could be controlled by the molecular weight of the PEG. The result of the ultrafiltration experiment showed that the membrane with a high porosity, a large pore size and a high hydrophilicity exhibited a high water permeate flux. In the ultrafiltration experiment using a model feed solution of an aqueous solution containing Bovine Serum Albumin with a molecular weight of 66,000 Da, the membranes showed high rejection values of up to 90% with water permeate fluxes of 14.7 - 23.0 kg/(m2h).