bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystal Structure Induced Enhanced Afterglow Luminescence from Rare‐Earth Ion Doped Strontium Silicate Phosphors
Authors: Jaiswal Vishnu V. , Mishra Siju , Haranath D. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAn orange‐red (∼610 nm) emitting Sr3SiO5:Eu2+,Zn2+,Dy3+ long afterglow phosphor was synthesized using high temperature (1100 °C–1500 °C) based solid‐state reaction method under controlled reducing atmosphere. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) study confirms the tetragonal lattice structure having space group P4/ncc. Scherrer's size plot and Williamson‐Hall methods have been applied to study the particle size distribution and inherent strain, respectively, using crystallographic data obtained from XRD patterns. Electron microscopy images showed the surface morphology with an average crystallite size of 0.412 μm. Furthermore, detailed luminescence study was performed to observe photoluminescence (PL) and afterglow characteristics. An optimal PL emission peak was registered at ∼610 nm when the phosphor was excited by visible blue (∼465 nm) light, which is due to the transitions from 4f65d1 to 4f7 energy levels of Eu2+ ions. The enhanced afterglow property of >20 minutes has been achieved for dark‐adapted human eyes, which could be utilized for designing strategic markings and signage boards that could glow in dark.
Text2Plot: Sentiment Analysis by Creating 2D Plot Representations of Texts
Authors: Dovdon Enkhzol , Batsuuri Suvdaa 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe introduce a novel approach for generating 2D RGB color images with a plot from the micro text (tweet) to be used for the overall polarity classification process of sentiment analysis. Researchers generally use word embedding and external resource‐based embedding techniques for text preprocessing of sentiment analysis through machine learning, neural networks, and natural language processing approaches. We sought to identify alternative ways to represent tweets for text classification. According to the experimental results, using the new ‘Text2Plot’ representation method could increase F1 scores by 27.2% for Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), 10.3% for support vector machine, and 4.4% for random forest models compared to using simple vectors as features for sentiment analysis. Hence, we propose this new method as a useful text representation approach for sentiment analysis, natural language processing tasks, and image processing problems. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Arecoline induces heart injure via Fas/Fas ligand apoptotic pathway in heart of Sprague–Dawley rat
Authors: Lin Wen‐Yuan , Tsai Bruce Chi‐Kang , Day Cecilia Hsuan , Chiu Ping‐Ling , Chen Ray‐Jade , Chen Michael Yu‐Chih , Padma V. Vijaya , Luk Hsiang‐Ning , Lee Hsiang‐Chen , Huang Chih‐Yang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractHabitual chewing of areca nut increases the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality, but less report demonstrate the toxic mechanism of areca nut on heart. To investigate toxicity of areca nut on cardiomyocytes, we induced the heart injury with arecoline to evaluate the acute damage of areca nut on heart. Different concentrations of are coline (lowdosage: 5 mg/kg/day and high dosage 50 mg/kg/day) were injected into Sprague‐Dawley rat via intra‐peritoneal method for 21 days to create negative effects of arecoline on cardiomyocyte. Themyocardial architecture of the rat heart was observed. The arecoline‐induced apoptotic proteins were analysed via western blotting. The myocardialarchitecture of heart was injured with arecoline and TUNEL stain was also shown are coline‐induced cardiac apoptosis. Arecoline promoted the protein expression of both Fas dependent snd mitochondrial dependent apoptosis. In summary, arecoline induces cardiac toxicity and apoptosis by inducing both death receptor and mitochondria‐dependent apoptotic pathways on heart.
Cryosphere Applications
Authors: Hajnsek I. , Parrella G. , Marino A. , Eltoft T. , Necsoiu M. , Eriksson L. , Watanabe M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSynthetic aperture radar (SAR) provides large coverage and high resolution, and it has been proven to be sensitive to both surface and near-surface features related to accumulation, ablation, and metamorphism of snow and firn. Exploiting this sensitivity, SAR polarimetry and polarimetric interferometry found application to land ice for instance for the estimation of wave extinction (which relates to sub surface ice volume structure) and for the estimation of snow water equivalent (which relates to snow density and depth). After presenting these applications, the Chapter proceeds by reviewing applications of SAR polarimetry to sea ice for the classification of different ice types, the estimation of thickness, and the characterisation of its surface. Finally, an application to the characterisation of permafrost regions is considered. For each application, the used (model-based) decomposition and polarimetric parameters are critically described, and real data results from relevant airborne campaigns and space borne acquisitions are reported.
Urban Applications
Authors: Colin-Koeniguer E. , Trouve N. , Yamaguchi Y. , Huang Y. , Ferro-Famil L. , Sanchez V. D. Navarro , Sanchez J. M. Lopez , Monells D. , Iglesias R. , Fabregas X. , Mallorqui J. , Aguasca A. , Martinez C. Lopez 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe experimental result reported in this chapter review the application of (high resolution) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data to extract valuable information for monitoring urban environments in space and time. Full polarimetry is particularly useful for classification, as it allows the detection of built-up areas and to discriminate among their different types exploiting the variation of the polarimetric backscatter with the orientation, shape, and distribution of buildings and houses, and street patterns. On the other hand, polarimetric SAR data acquired in interferometric configuration can be combined for 3-D rendering through coherence optimization techniques. If multiple baselines are available, direct tomographic imaging can be employed, and polarimetry both increases separation performance and characterizes the response of each scatterer. Finally, polarimetry finds also application in differential interferometry for subsidence monitoring, for instance, by improving both the number of resolution cells in which the estimate is reliable, and the quality of these estimates.
Twin modular S4 with SU(5) GUT
Authors: King Stephen F. , Zhou Ye-Ling 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We discuss the SU(5) grand unified extension of flavour models with multiple modular symmetries. The proposed model involves two modular S4 groups, one acting in the charged fermion sector, associated with a modulus field value τT with residual $$ {Z}_3^T $$

Z
3
T

symmetry, and one acting in the right-handed neutrino sector, associated with another modulus field value τSU with residual $$ {Z}_2^{SU} $$

Z
2
SU

symmetry. Quark and lepton mass hierarchies are naturally generated with the help of weightons, which are SM singlet fields, where their non-zero modular weights play the role of Froggatt-Nielsen charges. The model predicts TM1 lepton mixing, and neutrinoless double beta decay at rates close to the sensitivity of current and future experiments, for both normal and inverted orderings, with suppressed corrections from charged lepton mixing due to the triangular form of its Yukawa matrix.
Early in-hospital course of critically ill nontrauma patients in a resuscitation room of a German emergency department (OBSERvE2 study)
Authors: Grahl C. , Hartwig T. , Weidhase L. , Laudi S. , Petros S. , Gries A. , Bernhard M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Management of critically ill nontrauma (CINT) patients in the resuscitation room of the emergency department (ED) is very challenging. Detailed data describing the patient characteristics and management of this population are lacking. This observational study describes the epidemiology, management and outcome in CINT ED patients in the resuscitation room.

Methods
This prospective, single center observational study included all adult patients who were consecutively admitted to the ED resuscitation room during 2 periods of 1 year (September 2014–August 2015 vs. September 2017– August 2018). Patient characteristics, out-of-hospital/in-hospital treatment, admission-related conditions, time intervals for diagnostics and interventions and outcome were recorded using a self-developed questionnaire.

Results
A total of 34,303 patients in the first and 35,039 patients in the second study period were admitted to the ED, of whom 532 and 457 patients, respectively, were admitted to the nontrauma resuscitation room due to acute life-threatening conditions. The patient characteristics did not differ significantly between the study periods (male: 58% vs. 59%, age: 68 ± 17 years vs. 65 ± 17 years). Time intervals for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions were similar. The CINT patients during the second study period were treated faster compared to the first study period (end of ED management: 53 ± 33 min vs. 41 ± 24 min, p < 0.0001). The 30-day all-cause mortality was comparable (34.0% vs. 36.3%).

Conclusion
Observation of critically ill patient management in the ED resuscitation room showed reliable results between both study periods. Structured ED management guidelines for CINT patients may provide comparable results at one institution.
Continuous solutions to Monge–Ampère equations on Hermitian manifolds for measures dominated by capacity
Authors: Kołodziej Sławomir , Nguyen Ngoc Cuong 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe prove the existence of a continuous quasi-plurisubharmonic solution to the Monge–Ampère equation on a compact Hermitian manifold for a very general measure on the right hand side. We admit measures dominated by capacity in a certain manner, in particular, moderate measures studied by Dinh–Nguyen–Sibony. As a consequence, we give a characterization of measures admitting Hölder continuous quasi-plurisubharmonic potential, inspired by the work of Dinh–Nguyen.
Ageism and older people’s health and well-being during the Covid-19-pandemic: the moderating role of subjective aging
Authors: Kornadt Anna E. , Albert Isabelle , Hoffmann Martine , Murdock Elke , Nell Josepha 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn the Covid-19 pandemic, being older means being in a special focus: Probabilities for severe infections and mortality rise with increasing age and protective measures for this population group have been increased. This was accompanied by public discourse that portrayed older adults stereotypically as vulnerable and frail but also highlighted the hardships younger people have to endure to protect them. Given the possibly detrimental effects of ageism on individuals and societies, we were interested in older adults’ perception of ageism in the Corona-crisis and its relation to their health and well-being. Furthermore, we were interested in subjective aging variables as moderators in the ageism–health relationship. In June 2020, N = 611 independently living people aged 60 + from the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg were recruited via a survey research institute and interviewed online or by phone. They reported on perceived ageism in different contexts, their life satisfaction, subjective health, subjective age and self-perceptions of aging. Depending on context, ageism was perceived by around 20% of participants, and overall negatively related to subjective health and life satisfaction after the onset of the pandemic. Moderated hierarchical regressions showed that a younger subjective age buffered the negative effect of ageism on subjective health, while perceiving aging as social loss increased its effect on life satisfaction. We discuss the importance of addressing and reducing ageism (not only) in times of crisis and the consequences for individuals and societies.
Substance use, Unlike Dolutegravir, is Associated with Mood Symptoms in People Living with HIV
Authors: Van de Wijer Lisa , van der Heijden Wouter , van Verseveld Mike , Netea Mihai , de Mast Quirijn , Schellekens Arnt , van der Ven André 
Published: April 2021

AbstractContradictory data have been reported concerning neuropsychiatric side effects of the first-line antiretroviral drug dolutegravir, which may be partly due to lack of control groups or psychiatric assessment tools. Using validated self-report questionnaires, we compared mood and anxiety (DASS-42), impulsivity (BIS-11), and substance use (MATE-Q) between dolutegravir-treated and dolutegravir-naive people living with HIV (PLHIV). We analyzed 194, mostly male, PLHIV on long-term treatment of whom 82/194 (42.3%) used dolutegravir for a median (IQR) of 280 (258) days. Overall, 51/194 (26.3%) participants reported DASS-42 scores above the normal cut-off, 27/194 (13.5%) were classified as highly impulsive, and 58/194 (29.9%) regularly used recreational drugs. Regular substance use was positively associated with depression (p = 0.012) and stress scores (p = 0.045). We observed no differences between dolutegravir-treated and dolutegravir-naive PLHIV. Our data show that depressed and anxious moods and impulsivity are common in PLHIV and associate with substance use and not with dolutegravir use.
Immunoceptive inference: why are psychiatric disorders and immune responses intertwined?
Authors: Bhat Anjali , Parr Thomas , Ramstead Maxwell , Friston Karl 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThere is a steadily growing literature on the role of the immune system in psychiatric disorders. So far, these advances have largely taken the form of correlations between specific aspects of inflammation (e.g. blood plasma levels of inflammatory markers, genetic mutations in immune pathways, viral or bacterial infection) with the development of neuropsychiatric conditions such as autism, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and depression. A fundamental question remains open: why are psychiatric disorders and immune responses intertwined? To address this would require a step back from a historical mind–body dualism that has created such a dichotomy. We propose three contributions of active inference when addressing this question: translation, unification, and simulation. To illustrate these contributions, we consider the following questions. Is there an immunological analogue of sensory attenuation? Is there a common generative model that the brain and immune system jointly optimise? Can the immune response and psychiatric illness both be explained in terms of self-organising systems responding to threatening stimuli in their external environment, whether those stimuli happen to be pathogens, predators, or people? Does false inference at an immunological level alter the message passing at a psychological level (or vice versa) through a principled exchange between the two systems?
Correction to: Overall survival analysis in patients with metastatic breast cancer and liver or lung metastases treated with eribulin, gemcitabine, or capecitabine
Authors: Kazmi Shayma , Chatterjee Debanjana , Raju Dheeraj , Hauser Rob , Kaufman Peter A. 
Published: April 2021

In the original publication, two values provided for landmark survival for patients treated with gemcitabine were incorrectly listed in the text. On page 562, paragraph 3, the text listed that: “for TNBC: 50%, 31%, 20%, and 3%, respectively, for HR+/HER2−: 51%, 27%, 10%, and 3%, respectively”. The correct values should be “for TNBC: 50%, 31%, 11%, and 3%, respectively, for HR+/HER2−: 51%, 27%, 10%, and 7%, respectively”. The correct values are consistent with those listed in Table 2.
Is Applied Ethics Morally Problematic?
Authors: Franz David J. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper argues that applied ethics can itself be morally problematic. As illustrated by the case of Peter Singer’s criticism of social practice, morally loaded communication by applied ethicists can lead to protests, backlashes, and aggression. By reviewing the psychological literature on self-image, collective identity, and motivated reasoning three categories of morally problematic consequences of ethical criticism by applied ethicists are identified: serious psychological discomfort, moral backfiring, and hostile conflict. The most worrisome is moral backfiring: psychological research suggests that ethical criticism of people’s central moral convictions can reinforce exactly those attitudes. Therefore, applied ethicists unintentionally can contribute to a consolidation of precisely those social circumstances that they condemn to be unethical. Furthermore, I argue that the normative concerns raised in this paper are not dependent on the commitment to one specific paradigm in moral philosophy. Utilitarianism, Aristotelian virtue ethics, and Rawlsian contractarianism all provide sound reasons to take morally problematic consequences of ethical criticism seriously. Only the case of deontological ethics is less clear-cut. Finally, I point out that the issues raised in this paper provide an excellent opportunity for further interdisciplinary collaboration between applied ethics and social sciences. I also propose strategies for communicating ethics effectively.
High-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP): the Charité experience with a new central nervous system tumor entity
Authors: Bender Katja , Perez Eilís , Chirica Mihaela , Onken Julia , Kahn Johannes , Brenner Winfried , Ehret Felix , Euskirchen Philipp , Koch Arend , Capper David , Kaul David 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurposeHigh-grade astrocytoma with piloid features (HGAP) is a recently described brain tumor entity defined by a specific DNA methylation profile. HGAP has been proposed to be integrated in the upcoming World Health Organization classification of central nervous system tumors expected in 2021. In this series, we present the first single-center experience with this new entity.MethodsDuring 2017 and 2020, six HGAP were identified. Clinical course, surgical procedure, histopathology, genome-wide DNA methylation analysis, imaging, and adjuvant therapy were collected.ResultsTumors were localized in the brain stem (n = 1), cerebellar peduncle (n = 1), diencephalon (n = 1), mesencephalon (n = 1), cerebrum (n = 1) and the thoracic spinal cord (n = 2). The lesions typically presented as T1w hypo- to isointense and T2w hyperintense with inhomogeneous contrast enhancement on MRI. All patients underwent initial surgical intervention. Three patients received adjuvant radiochemotherapy, and one patient adjuvant radiotherapy alone. Four patients died of disease, with an overall survival of 1.8, 9.1, 14.8 and 18.1 months. One patient was alive at the time of last follow-up, 14.6 months after surgery, and one patient was lost to follow-up. Apart from one tumor, the lesions did not present with high grade histology, however patients showed poor clinical outcomes.ConclusionsHere, we provide detailed clinical, neuroradiological, histological, and molecular pathological information which might aid in clinical decision making until larger case series are published. With the exception of one case, the tumors did not present with high-grade histology but patients still showed short intervals between diagnosis and tumor progression or death even after extensive multimodal therapy.
The value of in-person banking: evidence from U.S. small businesses
Authors: Zhang Song , Han Liang , Kallias Konstantinos , Kallias Antonios 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe produce the first systematic study of the determinants and implications of in-person banking. Using survey data from the U.S., we show that firms which are informationally opaque or operate in rural areas are liable to contact their primary bank in-person. This tendency extends to older, less educated, and female business owners. We find that a relationship based on face-to-face communication, on average, lasts 17.88 months longer, spans a wider range of financial services, and is more likely to be exclusive. The associated loans mature 3.37 months later and bear interest rates which are 11 basis points lower. For good quality firms, in-person communication also relates to less discouraged borrowing. These results are robust to multiple approaches for endogeneity, including recursive bivariate probits, treatment effect models, and instrumental variables regressions. Overall, our findings offer empirical grounding to soft information theory and a note of caution to banks against suppressing channels of interpersonal communication.
Who shuns entrepreneurship journals? Why? And what should we do about it?
Authors: Stewart Alex 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSome scholars assert that entrepreneurship has attained “considerable” legitimacy. Others assert that it “is still fighting” for complete acceptance. This study explores the question, extrapolating from studies of an “elite effect” in which the publications of the highest ranked schools differ from other research-intensive schools. The most elite business schools in the USA, but not the UK, are found to allocate significantly more publications to mathematically sophisticated “analytical” fields such as economics and finance, rather than entrepreneurship and other “managerial” fields. The US elites do not look down upon entrepreneurship as such. They look down upon journals that lack high mathematics content. Leading entrepreneurship journals, except Small Business Economics Journal (SBEJ), are particularly lacking. The conclusion argues that SBEJ can help the field’s legitimacy, but that other journals should not imitate analytical paradigms.Plain English Summary Academic snobs shun entrepreneurship journals. A goal for snobs is to exhibit superiority over others. For business professors, one way to do this is with mathematically sophisticated, analytical publications. Entrepreneurship journals, Small Business Economics excepted, do this relatively infrequently. These journals focus on the lives, activities, and challenges of diverse entrepreneurs. In the USA, the most elite business schools, compared with not-quite elite business schools, allocate significantly more of their articles to the journals of analytical fields such as economics, and fewer to entrepreneurship journals. This pattern is not found in the UK, where elites may have other ways to signal superiority. These elites, who accommodate entrepreneurship researchers, could pioneer with outputs of both relevance and scholarly quality, through collaboration between their practice-based and research-based professors.
Digitalisierte intime Bewertung
Authors: Peetz Thorsten 
Published: April 2021

ZusammenfassungIntime Bewertung ist ein zentrales Moment der Paarbildung. Da immer mehr Menschen sich online kennenlernen, stellt sich die Frage, welche Konsequenzen Digitalisierung, verstanden als eine spezifische Form infrastrukturellen Wandels, in intimen Bewertungskonstellationen zeitigt. Am Beispiel vonTinder, einer weit verbreiteten Dating-App, zeigt der Artikel, dass digital vermittelte Paarbildung spezifische Formen der Beobachtung von potenziellen Intimpartnerinnen ermöglicht. Algorithmen beobachten die Datenden, vergleichen und kategorisieren sie als „ähnlich“ und kalkulieren Begehrenswürdigkeit auf der Grundlage der Beobachtung ihres Bewertungsverhaltens. Die Nutzerinnen selbst haben aber nur eingeschränkte Möglichkeiten, Bewertungsobjekte zu vergleichen und selbst auch keinen Zugang zu den Resultaten der algorithmischen Zahlenproduktion. Man kann deshalb nicht vorbehaltlos davon sprechen, dass über Onlinedating Kommensurierung, Quantifizierung und datenbasierte Selbstoptimierung Einzug in Paarbildungspraktiken halten.