bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of BNT162b First Vaccination on the Immune Transcriptome of Elderly Patients Infected with the B.1.351 SARS-CoV-2 Variant
Authors: Knabl Ludwig , Lee Hye Kyung , Wieser Manuel , Mur Anna , Zabernigg August , Knabl Ludwig , Rauch Simon , Bock Matthias , Schumacher Jana , Kaiser Norbert , Furth Priscilla , Hennighausen Lothar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Fast-spreading variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) energize the COVID-19 pandemic. The B.1.351 variant carrying the escape mutation E484K in the receptor binding domain is of particular concern due to reduced immunological protection following vaccination. Protection can manifest as early as 10 days following immunization with full protection two weeks following the second dose, but the course is not well-characterized for variants. Here, we investigated the immune transcriptome of six elderly individuals (average age 82 yr.) from an old people’s home, who contracted B.1.351, with four having received the first dose of BNT162b eight to 11 days prior to the onset of COVID-19 symptoms. The patients were hospitalized and received dexamethasone treatment. Immune transcriptomes were established from PBMCs approximately 10 and 35 days after the onset of COVID-19 symptomology. RNA-seq revealed a more intensive immune response in vaccinated patients as compared to unvaccinated ones. Specifically, transcription factors linked to the JAK/STAT pathway, interferon stimulated genes, and genes associated with innate antiviral immunity and COVID-19-SARS-CoV-2 infection were highly enriched in vaccinated patients. This rendered the transcriptomes of the older vaccinated group significantly different than older unvaccinated individuals infected at the same institution and more similar to the immune response of younger unvaccinated individuals (ages 48-62) following B.1.351 infection. All individuals in this study whether vaccinated or not were hospitalized due to B.1.351 infection and one vaccinated patient died illustrating that although an enhanced immune response was documented infection it was insufficient to protect from disease. This highlights the need for maintaining physical distancing and prevention measures throughout the time course of vaccination in older adults.
HNF1A deficiency causes reduced calcium levels, accumulation of abnormal insulin granules and uncoupled insulin to C-peptide secretion in a stem cell model of MODY3
Authors: Gonzalez Bryan , Zhao Haoquan , Niu Jacqueline , Williams Damian , Lee Jaeyop , Goulbourne Christopher , Xing Yuan , Wang Yong , Oberholzer Jose , Chen Xiajuan , LeDuc Charles , Chung Wendy K , Colecraft Henry , Gromada Jesper , Shen Yufeng , Goland Robin , Leibel Rudolph , Egli Dieter 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Mutations in HNF1A cause Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young type 3 (MODY3), the most prevalent form of monogenic diabetes. Using stem cell-derived pancreatic endocrine cells from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) with induced hypomorphic mutations in HNF1A, we show that HNF1A orchestrates a transcriptional program required for calcium-dependent insulin secretion. HNF1A-deficient β-cells display a reduction in CACNA1A and intracellular calcium levels, as well as impaired insulin granule exocytosis in association with SYT13 down-regulation. Knockout of CACNA1A and SYT13 reproduce the relevant phenotypes. Retention of insulin is associated with accumulation of enlarged secretory granules, and altered stoichiometry of secreted insulin to C-peptide. Glibenclamide, a sulfonylurea drug used in the treatment of MODY3 patients, increases intracellular calcium, and thereby restores C-peptide and insulin secretion to a normal ratio. While insulin secretion defects are constitutive in cells with complete HNF1A loss of function, β-cells from patients with heterozygous hypomorphic HNF1A mutations are initially normal, but lose the ability to secrete insulin and acquire abnormal stoichiometric secretion ratios, while gene corrected cells remain normal. Our studies provide the molecular basis for the treatment of MODY3 with sulfonylureas, and demonstrate promise for the use of cell therapies for MODY3.
Research on Seismic Dynamic Response Characteristics of Weak Surrounding Rock Slope With Double-Arch Tunnel
Authors: Jiang Xueliang , Qian Yonghui , Zhang Jiqi , Liu Yong , Deng RiWe , Huang Li , Lai GuoJie 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Through the shaking table test, Wenchuan wave (WC) was used as the excitation wave of the shaking table test. The vibration was excited in three directions: horizontal (x), vertical (z), and horizontal and vertical (xz) and the dynamic response characteristics of rock slopes was studied. The results show:(1) The acceleration amplification factor of each measuring point of the slope shows a nonlinear increasing trend with the increase of the slope height.The slope changes the frequency spectrum of the loaded seismic wave.The slope has a filtering effect on the high frequency band of the seismic wave.(2) Under the unidirectional cyclic loading of Wenchuan wave, the slope acceleration amplification factor increases with the increase of the peak value of the seismic wave. Under the bi-directional excitation of Wenchuan wave, the slope acceleration amplification coefficient generally decreases with the increase of the peak value of the seismic wave.The slope acceleration amplification factor presents the characteristics of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of the relative height of the slope.(3) The dynamic displacement response characteristics of the tunnel slope with double-arch tunnel are mainly affected by the seismic wave in the same direction and the peak value of the dynamic displacement response increases with the increase of the seismic wave peak value.(4) The peak dynamic displacement response of the double-arch tunnel slope shows a non-linear change trend with the increase of slope height. The dynamic displacement peak growth rate is slower below the rock interface and the dynamic displacement peak increases rapidly above the interface and Maximum displacement occurred at the top of the slope.
Finite Element Analysis of Springback of High-Strength Metal SCGA1180DUB While U-Channeling, According to Wall Angle and Die Radius
Authors: Karabulut Samet , Esen İsmail 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Springback is a problem as important as tearing or thinning, while forming high-strength sheets. Springback is an undesirable situation and it is the form difference between the desired form of a part in theory and the form obtained due to mechanical characteristics and process inputs of the material after die forming. It affects operations in shearing, punching or bending dies in subsequent operations in forming die sets. If the part is not within the desired tolerance range, it creates problems during assembly. In order for cost effective production plans for automotive parts to be made, suitable sheet forming simulations are needed. Waste of time and failures during die construction are minimized by defining accurate parameters by finite element analyses and minimizing periods of trial-and-error. In this study, the material SCGA1180DUB in sheet thickness of 0.8 mm from multi-phase steel sheet group was U-channeled, using Autoform sheet forming analysis program, according to appropriate process conditions having wall angles of 7°,10°,12° and die radius values of R3, R5, R8 and the springback values were estimated. The results obtained were compared through the finite element program and suitable wall angle and die radius values for the material SCGA1180DUB for forming advanced high-strength sheets were determined. As the die radii increased at the same wall angles, the amount of spring back increased significantly. In particular, due to high yield and tensile strength of multi-phase high strength sheet, springback values were observed to be high. Negative springbacks were observed in the roof of the part. In the same die radii, under the same process conditions, as wall angles increase, springback values decreased. In the literature, it is interesting that there are few studies regarding forming, springback of high-strength sheets SCGA1180DUB. This study will contribute to the literature. Autoform program was used for Finite Element Analysis.
Enhancement of Anticorrosive Performance of Renewable Cardanol Based Polyurethane Coatings by Incorporating Magnetic Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles
Authors: Asif Afzal Haq , Mahajan Mahendra s , Sreehar Nagaraja , Gite Vikas , Dhubiab Bandar , Kaliyadan Feroze , Nanjappa Shivakumar H , Meravanigeg Girish , Aleyadhy Dalal Mishary 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The present investigation demonstrates renewable cardanol based polyol for the formulation of nanocomposite polyurethane (PU) coatings. The functional and structural features of cardanol polyol and nanoparticles were studied by FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopic techniques. The magnetic hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (MHAP) were dispersed in PU formulations to develop nanocomposite anticorrosive coatings. The amount of MHAP in PU formulations was varied from 1-5%, increase the percentage of MHAP increases the anticorrosive performance as examined by immersion and electrochemical methods. The nanocomposite PU coatings shows good coating properties viz., gloss, pencil hardness, flexibility, cross-cut adhesion and chemical resistance. Additionally, the coatings also studied for surface morphology, wetting, and thermal properties by scanning electron microscope (SEM), contact angle, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. The hydrophobic nature of PU coatings increased by addition of MHAP and optimum result (1050) was observed in 3% loading. The developed coatings revealed hydrophobic nature with excellent anticorrosive performance.
Molecular and FISH analysis of 45S rDNA on BAC molecule of Saccharina Japonica
Authors: Liu Peng-Fei , Bi Yan-Hui , Liu Li , Zhou Zhi-Gang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
IGS is abundant in polymorphism, which is widely used in the analysis of intraspecific genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among geographical populations. In this study, the 45S rDNA repeat unit of Saccharina japonica was obtained for the first time by BAC clone sequencing. The total length of 45S rDNA repeat unit of S. japonica was 8995 bp, including 5420 bp of 18s-5.8s-25s rDNA and 3575 bp of IGS (Intergenic Spacer), with the GC content of 51.4%. IGS was composed of 465 bp 3’-outer transcribed spacer (ETS), 874 bp 5’-ETS, and 2236 bp non transcribed spacer (NTS), with the GC content of 50.1%.Fiber-FISH (fiber-fluorescence in situ hybridization, fiber-FISH) analysis of 45S rDNA on the BAC molecule of female gametophytes of S. japonica illustrated that each fiber had at least five continuous moniliform hybridization signal points, indicating the distribution of 45S rDNA repeat unit on the bacterial artificial chromosome. This study provided a new candidate molecular marker for detecting intraspecific polymorphisms of S. japonica, and the successful fiber-FISH analysis of 45S rDNA on BAC molecule would contribute to the construction of the physical map and Map-based cloning of this kelp.
Sediment Phosphorus Release in Boreal Lakes: The Role of Trophic State and Humic Substances
Authors: Tammeorg Olga , Nürnberg Gertrud , Nõges Peeter , Niemistö Juha 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Coloured lakes are often productive. While their increased productivity can be the consequence of internal recycling of phosphorus (P), the impact of humic substances on these interactions is largely unexplored. Here we elucidated the spatial variations in sediment P release by diffusion in four Finnish lakes with high trophic state. For further insights regarding possible implications of humic substances on sediment P release, we extended our analysis to lakes worldwide using data from the scientific literature. Variations in sediment P release rates (RR) in four Finnish lakes were largely explained by trophic state and mixing state of the water column. P release by diffusion was positively correlated with the iron-bound P fraction, but negatively with the organic-P fraction in surface sediment. Furthermore, the diffusive flux of P correlated positively with the RR predicted from a published model based on total P concentration (positive effect) and organic matter content (negative effect) in surface sediments. Analysis of the worldwide data confirmed the importance of humic substances in internal P recycling. While dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in water correlated positively with RR in oligotrophic lakes, the correlation was negative in lakes of higher trophic state. The implications for internal P loading and primary production, however, are not so straightforward. In a multiple-stressor world (climate change, eutrophication), response of internal P load in boreal lakes to changes in DOC is particularly unpredictable. This is because the variables relevant to internal P loading, i.e. RR and anoxic factor, may be affected in a reverse direction.
Aging Regulates Post-Viral Asthmatic Airway Pathology
Authors: Hazan Guy , Eubanks Anna , Gierasch Carrie , Atkinson Jeffrey , Fox Carolyn , Hernandez-Leyva Ariel , Rosen Anne , Kau Andrew , Agapov Eugene , Alexander-Brett Jennifer , Steinberg Deborah , Kelley Diane , White Michael , Byers Derek , Wu Kangyun , Keeler Shamus , Zhang Yong , Koenitzer Jeffrey , Holtzman Michael , Haspel Jeffrey 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic disease of childhood, but for unknown reasons disease activity sometimes subsides as children mature. To understand why, we exposed mice across a range of ages to viral and allergic triggers of asthma exacerbations and airway pathology. We found that pathology induced by Sendai virus (SeV) or influenza A virus (IAV) occurred selectively in juvenile mice in a microbiome-independent manner, while the same phenotypes induced by allergens were insensitive to age. Age-specific responses to SeV included a juvenile bias towards type-2 airway inflammation that emerged early in infection and was lost with maturation. With aging, we observed progressive transcriptional changes to alveolar macrophages (AMs) including the acquisition of high-level MHC-II expression. Importantly, depleting AMs canceled the protective effects of maturity on post-viral airway pathology. Thus, aging of the lung-immune microenvironment influences chronic outcomes of respiratory viral infection and may help to explain childhood asthma remission.
Anti-Ri-related Possible Autoimmune Encephalitis may Cause Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in Pediatric Patients: A Case Report
Authors: Zhang Zhijie , Wu Jing , Xu Danfen , Zhao Shennan , Lian Di , Zhang Dandan , Li Ling 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Objective: To describe two rare pediatric cases in which anti-Ri autoantibody-positive (Type II anti-neuronal nuclear antibody; ANNA-2-positive) autoimmune encephalitis occurred with intellectual and development disabilities.. Case presentation: We presented the clinical manifestations, etiological evaluation, and intellectual assessment of two ANNA-2-positive children and the clinical improvement after empirical immunotherapy. A 2-year-old girl with hyperactivity, agitation, and hand tremors and a 6-month-old boy who had dystonia were both diagnosed with intellectual and development disability. Both children tested positive for ANNA-2 and the serological inflammatory markers. Considering possible Ri antibody associated autoimmune encephalitis, empirical immunotherapy was done for both patients, intellectual disability of them improved to some extent. Conclusions: Although ANNA-2 has been mostly reported in adults with paraneoplastic syndrome, we report two ANNA-2-positive pediatric cases diagnosed as possible autoimmune encephalitis due to viral infections. These cases suggested that disruption of the immune system due to viral infection may lead to ANNA-2 positive status and contribute to intellectual and development disability in pediatric cases.
An Adsorption Study of Removal of Heavy Metals Using Enivironment Friendly Agro Based Materials
Authors: viswanathan Jaisankar , Aswini K , Deepa K , Suganya N , Jaisankar V 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The tremendous increase in the usage of heavy metals over the past few decades resulted in an increased flux of metallic substances in the aquatic environment which requires special concern because of their persistency. The investigation illustrates the removal of heavy metals from waste water by coconut husk based polymer/graph The method of graphene oxide (GO) synthesis involves the single-step reforming of Coconut husk agricultural waste material by oxidation under muffled atmosphere condition.ene oxide composites (CHGO) which is expected to act as good adsorbent materials. The graphene oxide (CHGO) and the corresponding composites PVP/CHGO and PEG/CHGO were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. The adsorption study of Coconut husk Graphene oxide (CHGO) and its composites viz., Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/ Coconut husk Graphene oxide nanocomposite (PVP/CHGO) and Polyethyleneglycol (PEG)/ Coconut husk Graphene oxide nanocomposite (PEG/CHGO) was carried out for the removal of heavy metals from simulated waste water and results were compared. The performance analysis was carried out as a function of various operating parameters, such as initial concentration of metal ion, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and pH. The studies revealed that materials are effective in removal of heavy metals. The Pseudo-first, Pseudo-second order and Elovich kinetic Models were used to analyse the adsorption equilibrium.
Patient-reported Quality of Life Before and After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Multicentre Cohort Study
Authors: Chang Jinghui , Fu Manru , Cao Peihua , Ding Changhai , Wang Dong 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: To identify patients’ self-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL) before and after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and determine factors contributing to any heterogeneity in HRQoL. Methods: This prospective multicentre study included 404 patients with knee osteoarthritis who underwent TKA between 1 April and 30 December 2019 and in whom HRQoL was assessed preoperatively and at 7 days and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Sociodemographic characteristics were assessed using a general information questionnaire; disability, using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score; pain, using the visual analogue scale (VAS) score; and HRQoL, using the European Quality of Life Five Dimension Five Level (EQ-5D-5L) score. Potential heterogeneity and factors influencing longitudinal changes in HRQoL were analysed using a growth mixture model.Results: The mean EQ-5D-5L score improved from 0.69 preoperatively to 0.90 at 6 months postoperatively. Two types of longitudinal heterogeneity were identified: (1) a group of patients with a small and slow improvement in HRQoL and (2) a group of patients who showed marked and rapid improvement in HRQoL. The main characteristics of the latter group were a monthly family income >2000 yuan, exercising for approximately 30 min daily, and better knee function at baseline. Baseline knee function and change in knee function were significantly associated with the percentage change in HRQoL.Conclusions: HRQoL improved considerably after TKA. However, there was some heterogeneity in the changes in HRQoL depending on certain patient characteristics. Targeted interventions should focus on these differences to optimise the outcomes of TKA.
Global DNA Methylation Profiles of Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) Preimplantation Embryos Produced by Handmade Cloning and in Vitro Fertilization
Authors: Malpotra Shivani , Goel Pallavi , Shyam Songyukta , Singh Manoj Kumar , Palta Prabhat 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer technique (SCNT) has proved to be an outstanding method of multiplication of elite animals but accompanied with low efficiency and live birth rate of cloned animals. Epigenetic alterations of DNA has been one of the culprits behind this issue. Cloned embryos are found to deviate slightly from regular pattern of demethylation and re-methylation at the time of nuclear reprogramming and embryonic development when compared with embryos produced by in vitro fertilization (IVF). Thus, the present study was aimed at evaluating global DNA methylation profiles of cloned embryos at 2-cell, 8-cell and blastocyst stages and compare it with corresponding stages of embryos produced by IVF by using MeDIP-Sequencing on Illumina-based platform. We found out that cloned embryos exhibited significantly different DNA methylation pattern as compared to IVF embryos with respect to distribution of differentially methylated regions in different components of genome, CpG islands distribution and methylation status, gene ontological profiles and pathways affected throughout the developmental stages. The data generated from MeDIP-Seq was validated at blastocyst stage cloned and IVF embryos by bisulfite-sequencing PCR on five randomly selected gene regions.
Changes in Testicular Biometry, Steroid Hormones and Receptor Expression in the Peripubertal Period of Indigenous Tenyi-vo Male Pigs of North-eastern Himalayan Region in India
Authors: Patra Manas Kumar , Kent Yhuntilo , Ngullie Ebibeni , Ngullie Lily , Borkotoky Debojyoti , Singh Vidya , Mishra Girish Kumar , Krishnaswamy Narayanan , Govindasamy Kadirvel 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Present study was conducted to characterize the testicular changes in the peripubertal period in Tenyi-vo, a miniature size pig of North-eastern Himalayan (NEH) region of India. A total of twenty-four male pigs were randomly selected and categorised for castration at different age groups, G1 (Days 30-45), G2 (Days 60-65), G3 (Days 80-100) and G4 (Days 150-160), n=6 each category. Paired testes and epididymis were used for the assessment of biometry, cauda epididymal spermiogram, testicular histology and relative expression of the androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), aromatase (CYP19A1), and insulin like growth factor-1β receptor (IGF-1R) in qPCR. Plasma testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), tri-iodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and cortisol concentrations were estimated on the day of castration in each group of male using commercial ELISA kits. In pigs of G2, a greater testicular weight, volume, epididymis weight was observed relative to G1. The presence of live spermatozoa at 1240.9±304.2×106/mLconcentration with 0.65% proximal droplets was recorded as early as day 60. The concentration of T increased steadily over the age of G1 to G4 and a significantly higher concentration was observed in G4 relative to the other categories. Among the transcripts analysed in the testis, the relative fold change of AR was 10.8 fold in G2, which was subsequently reduced in G3 and then down-regulated in G4. CYP19A1 was abundantly expressed in the testis and the fold change ranged from 41-54 fold, although it did not differ significantly from 60-150 days of age. Further, the presence of well-developed seminiferous tubules was evident in the Tenyi-vo male from day 60 onward with a body weight as low as 4.28 kg. The study concluded that the male of Tenyi-vo pig attained puberty at the earliest age of 60 days.