bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POTENSI JENIS LEBAH MADU KELULUT (Trigona spp) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DESA GALANG KECAMATAN SUNGAI PINYUH KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH
Authors: Lukman Lukman , Hardiansyah Gusti , Siahaan Sarma 
Published: April 2021

The Trigona bee is a small black insect with a body length of 3-4 mm and a wingspan of 8 mm. East Kalimantan has found Trigona spp bees, namely T. laeviseps, T. apicalis, T. Drescheri. T. fucibasis, T. fuscobalteata, T. insica, T. itama, T. melina and T. terminate. This study aims to determine the potential of kelulut honey bees (Trigona spp) in the community honey farmer group of Galang Sungai Pinyuh Village, Mempawah Regency, to identify the types of kelulut bees (Trigona spp) in the box (stup) that made by the honey farmer group of Galang Village. Sungai Pinyu, Mempawah Regency, Analyzing the additional economic income of the Galang Village community, Sungai Pinyuh District, Mempawah Regency. This research was conducted in Galang Sungai Pinyuh Village Mempawah Regency which was conducted for 1 month in the field, by using the survey method, by using the method, which is the activity of finding the existence of a species that is the object of bee research. There are 2 types of Trigona spp bees cultivated in the Galang Kelulut Honey Forest Farmers Group, namely H. itama Cockerel, and H. bakeri, and processing of kelulut honey (Trigona spp) will benefit greatly from the services of kelulut honey (Trigona spp). Harvesting of kelulut honey from honey farmers is 15-30 liters / month. The selling price for consumers is around IDR 400,000 for every 1 liter. From the research above, it is concluded that the potential of kelulut honey bees (Trigona spp) can increase the income of the people of Galang Village, Sungai Pinyuh District, Mempawah Regency.Keywords: Community economy, Potency, Trigona.
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS TUMBUHAN BERKHASIAT OBAT DI HUTAN KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS TANJUNGPURA PONTIANAK
Authors: Megawati Megawati , Ekyastuti Wiwik , Herawatiningsih Ratna 
Published: April 2021

Since a long time ago, Indonesians have already known and utilized medicinal plants to overcome health problems. Tanjungpura University (UNTAN) was a part of the green open space in Pontianak, where there are green vegetation surroundings, whether plants , stakes, poles, or trees. Some of those plants have the potential to come as a medicinal. This research aimed to find the value of medicinal plants’ diversity in Tanjungpura University forestry. The advantage of this research will hopefully provide some knowledge about medicinal plant which later can be managed and preserved in Tanjungpura University. This research was conducted in the secondary forest of forestry faculty and Tanjungpura University Arboretum. This research used survey listen double ply technique as the method. Every surveillance partition have a size of 20 x 20 m, consisting of 8 partition on each forest, made up a total of 0,64 Ha. Based on the research findings of medicinal plants in secondary Arboretum forest at seedling levels = 1,03, sapling = 0,88, pole = 0,19, tree = 0,97 while the secondary forest of forestry faculty at the seedling level = 0,79, sapling = 0,58, pole = 0,55, tree = 0,86.Keyword : Arboretum, Forest, Medicinal Plants, Species Diversity, Survey Methods.
PENGELOLAAN MADU LALAU OLEH MASYARAKAT DESA NANGA LAUK KECAMATAN EMBALOH HILIR KABUPATEN KAPUAS HULU
Authors: Hariska Hariska , Dewantara Iswan , Muflihati Muflihati 
Published: April 2021

The management of forest honey in Nanga Lauk Village is still carried out modestly by the local community. The honeycomb tree is a tree that is tall, big, and sturdy with wide branches that bees naturally nest in. Forest honey belongs to the Apis dorsata forest bee which is the most productive honey bee in producing honey. This study aims to examine the way on how the management of forest honey in Nanga Lauk Village, Embaloh Hilir District, Kapuas Hulu Regency. A survey method with observation and interview techniques is employed in this study. Interviews were conducted with people who own the honeycomb trees. Respondents were selected using a census technique based on ownership of honeycomb trees. The data are obtained from respondents who own honeycomb trees with a total of 10 groups that have been studied. Based on the qualitative descriptive analysis, the Nanga Lauk Village community has carried out traditional honey management in groups for generations starting from forest area maintenance, forest honey harvesting, packaging, and marketing. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the management of forest honey in Nanga Lauk Village still uses honeycomb trees which have been applied from generation to generation. This is one of the values to maintain and preserve the existence of forest honey bees in Nanga Lauk Village.Keywords: forest honey, Nanga Lauk Village, ownership of honeycomb trees, honey processing Abstrak Pengelolaan madu hutan di Desa Nanga Lauk masih dilakukan secara sederhana oleh masyarakat setempat. Pohon sarang lalau adalah pohon yang tinggi dan besar serta kokoh dan memiliki dahan lebar yang dihinggapi lebah untuk bersarang secara alami. Madu lalau berasal dari lebah hutan Apis dorsata yang merupakan lebah madu yang paling produktif dalam penghasil madu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bentuk pengelolaan madu hutan di Desa Nanga Lauk, Kecamatan Embalaoh Hilir, Kabupaten Kapuas Hulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey dengan teknik observasi dan wawancara. Wawancara dilakukan terhadap masyarakat yang memiliki pohon sarang lalau. Pemilihan responden dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik sensus berdasarkan kepemilikan pohon sarang lalau. Penelitian ini memperoleh data dari responden yang memiliki pohon sarang madu sendiri dengan jumlah 10 kelompok yang telah diteliti. Berdasarkan analisis diskriptif kualitatif, pengelolaan madu lalau dilakukan oleh Masyarakat Desa Nanga Lauk secara tradisional, turun temurun dan berkelompok mulai dari pemeliharaan kawasan hutan, pemanenan madu hutan, pengemasan dan pemasaran. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengelolaan madu hutan di Desa Nanga Lauk masih menggunakan pohon sarang lalau yang diterapkan secara turun-temurun. Hal ini merupakan salah satu nilai untuk mempertahankan dan melestarikan keberadaan lebah madu hutan yang ada di Desa Nanga Lauk. Kata kunci : madu lalau, Desa Nanga Lauk, kepemilikan pohon sarang, pengolahan madu, pemasaran
Frequency of LBP in pregnant women affecting activities of daily living
Authors: Syeda Areeba Asif  , Samreen Yasmeen  , Saman Riaz  , Saman Muqeem  , Muhammad Usama  
Published: April 2021

Background: Low Back Pain (LBP) affects many pregnant women. Pain is often associated with varying degrees of functional limitations, causing pregnant women to carry out many everyday activities.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study design was used to collect data with a sample size of 135 pregnant women. Functional status was measured by using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). ODI is a 10-item questionnaire, which was developed to identify functional limitations due to LBP. Each item is scored between 0 and 5, thus giving a final score expressed as a percentage. Collected data were analyzed through SPSS version 16.0.
Results: Out of 135 females, 133(98.5%) were with LBP. Among 133 females with LBP, 100(75.2%) have a minimal disability, 30(22.6%) have a moderate disability, and 3(2.3%) females have a severe disability.
Conclusion: LBP is common in pregnant women and causes functional limitations that affect women's daily activities and independence. Mostly women were not aware of proper treatment techniques for LBP. Physiotherapy played a vital role to minimize LBP and further pregnancy-related complications.
Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its contributing factors in fertile aged women
Authors: Sidra Farooq  , Sehrish Shiraz  , Sonya Arshad  
Published: April 2021

Background: In developing countries, reproductive health in particular maternal health and reproductive tract infections are recognized as a health priority but still dysmenorrhea is by far the least understood and addressed complaint despite its ubiquity. Consequently, it incredibly influences the efficiency of ladies. This study was nested to determine the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and to perform the multivariate analysis of patterns of menstrual cycles with the age of menarche, days of interval, days of cycles and marital status.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted over the sample of 500 menstruating women of age 15 and above. The structured questionnaire administered comprised of the verbal multidimensional scoring system (VMS) and Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ) scales in addition to the questions about menstrual patterns. Chi-square test was used for the statistical analyses on SPSS version 21.0.
Results: The mean age of the sample was 25.4 ± 6.92 years. The prevalence of 92.4% of dysmenorrheal was found to be inversely related to the average age of females with dysmenorrhea (24.93 ± 6.78 years). The significant direct relation of dysmenorrhea was observed in women with higher age at menarche (13.22 ± 1.75 years) and longer intervals of 26.95 ± 4.78 days. Moreover, the women complaining of heavy menstrual volumes were significantly more prevalent to dysmenorrhea (56.2%). The association of VMS pain scores with marital status showed that higher pain scores were significantly associated with unmarried females (44%).
Conclusion: The occurrence of dysmenorrhea is highly common and associated with patterns of the menstrual cycle. Therefore, close observation of menstrual traits is important for the improvement of menstrual health.
Intergenerational Comparison of Women Empowerment and its Determinants
Authors: Muhammad Jamil  , Khalood Bukhari  
Published: April 2021

Background: Keeping in mind the importance of women empowerment for the growth of a country the present study aims to measure the empowerment of mothers’ generation and daughters’ generation and to estimate the chances of the transition of empowerment from mothers’ generation to daughters’ generation and the impact of demographic, social and economic indicators on the empowerment of mother’s generation and daughter’s generation.
Methodology: A questionnaire was used to collect data from Rawalpindi, Islamabad, and selected rural areas. The data from 510 women, including 198 mother-daughters pairs, was collected using a mixed sampling technique. Descriptive analyses, as well as logistic regressions, were employed to examine the determinants of women empowerment. Non-parametric tests were used to make inter as well as intragenerational comparisons among different dimensions of empowerment.
Results: The results of logistic regression revealed that women's empowerment is significantly affected by age, years of schooling, mother’s years of schooling, area of residence work experience, type of employer, and personal income. While examining the transition of empowerment from mothers to their daughters it was seen that highly empowered mothers have high chances of having empowered daughters.
Conclusion: Promoting the education of women, provision of loans, financial aid, and other facilities to women because all these help empower women, and since there is the transition of empowerment from mothers to their daughters, empowering a woman also means empowering her next generation.
Antibiotic susceptibility and antibacterial activity of neutralized cell-free supernatant of Lactobacillus rhamnosus MT539286 against Foodborne and Clinical pathogens.
Authors: Hasan Muffrah , Arif Afsheen , Hasnain Abid , Abbas Tanveer 
Published: April 2021

Background: The emergence of horizontally transferable antibiotic resistance (AR) in probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has incited a need to establish stringent safety measures for the assessment of commercial probiotics. Lactobacillus rhamnosus is not only a prevalent constituent of commercially available probiotics but also has an abundant presence in fermented foods.
Methodology: The present study tested antimicrobial activity and antibiotic susceptibility of L. rhamnosus isolated from fermented cabbage. Agar well diffusion assay was used to determine the antibacterial activity against a number of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and antibiotic susceptibility testing was used to determine the antibiogram of several antibiotics. For this, the neutralized Cell-Free Supernatant (nCFS) of L. rhamnosus was used, which exhibited antibacterial activity against several bacteria.
Results: Antagonistic activity of nCFS of L. rhamnosus was found against Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica. Maximum inhibitory activity was observed against Listeria monocytogenes. Whereas, no activity was found against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Vibrio alginolyticus, Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris. The intensity of inhibition among the isolates was in the sequence of Listeria monocytogenes > Escherichia coli > Bacillus cereus > Vibrio parahaemolyticus > Salmonella typhimurium. L. rhamnosus was found susceptible against Chloramphenicol and Novobiocin. Moreover, it exhibited resistance to Amoxicillin, Levofloxacin, Oxacillin, Streptomycin and Tobramycin.
Conclusion: In conclusion, this study suggests that the use of L. rhamnosus as a probiotic requires extensive examination of AR genes present in this strain.
The ‘Art’ of Science and Research: Jabir Ibn Hayyan Laid the Foundation
Authors: Syed Naweed I , Syed Areej Zehra , Naqvi Syed Rehan 
Published: April 2021

This article identifies scientists' attributes and their approaches to innovation, sciences, research, and discovery as ascribed by Abu Musa-Jabir Ibn Hayyan al- Azdi - also known as Jabir Ibn Hayyan (or Geber) in the late 7th to early 8th century. Jabir was the first polymath to have set the stage for the Golden Age of Islam that lasted from the 8th to 12th century. In several of his books and research articles, Jabir identified researchers, scientists and scholars as the “artists” and their research methodologies and experimentation as the "art." A mastery or specialization in any given discipline that an "artist' pursues was termed by him as the “Majistery”. The attributes that he proposed several centuries ago have since become the criteria, befitting the “art” of our present-day scientists and scholars. He explicitly detailed the attributes of an “artist” and also those who were recommended not to pursue sciences as a career. He described natural talent, innate propensity, the conquest of knowledge, deeper insights into Mother Nature, ingenuity, critical thinking, foresight, flexibility, adaptability, resiliency, persistence and selflessness as the essential ingredients of scientists and their success. Additionally, he also deemed funding, collaboration, partnership and community support to be pivotal. Rigidity – the "stiff neck," as he described it, and the lack of adaptability to be detriments to the ‘art’ of sciences. This article provides an eye-opening account of the scientific rigor that led to the Golden Age on the one hand, and on the other hand, attempts to reconcile the compatibility of modern sciences with traditional Islamic teachings. It also identifies the critical success factors that led to the rise of sciences in the Islamic world, which have since either been forgotten or ignored. We make recommendations throughout as to what needs to be done to revive the Golden Age of Sciences in the Muslim world.
Metadata analysis of the squalene epoxidase gene in dermatophytes
Authors: Muhammad Ismail Fatima , Ahmad Iqra , Javed Eqaza 
Published: April 2021

Background: Squalene epoxidase gene is an azole antifungal target enzyme in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway in fungi—the inhibition of enzyme aggregate squalene, a type of ergosterol derivative depletion that leads to fungal growth inhibition. Squalene epoxidase widely diverges in three fungal groups of dermatophytes Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton.
Methodology: The study has demonstrated a variety of squalene epoxidase genes in the dermatophyte genome. Squalene epoxidase gene was also studied for possible single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in the Trichophyton group's homologs and found multiple SNP positions that induce non-synonymous mutation and change the sequence of amino acid into protein structure that can change phenylalanine to leucine.
Results: Squalene epoxidase is widely present in dermatophytes. Mutation in the squalene epoxidase gene can mislead normal sterol formation in the fungal cell membrane that induces fungal resistance against several drugs, including azoles and polyenes. Squalene epoxidase gene carries 2 - 3 transcripts and 2 - 3 number of exons. Squalene epoxidase gene has FAD-dependent oxidoreductases and NADP binding domain conserved domains in fungal groups of dermatophytes.
Conclusion: This study analyzed the abundance of the squalene epoxidase gene, suggesting that squalene epoxidase gene-resistant mutants can occur naturally. Thus squalene epoxidase gene should be extensively studied in order to increase the potential of available antifungals.
Assessment of the association of ABO blood group in dengue fever diagnosed patient in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Kousar Shaheen , Abbas Farah Fatima , Naeem Effendi Fouzia , Huda Nasrul , Suharwardy Obaid Munazza , Aman Ali Humaira , Muhammad Imran  , Abdus Salam Aabiya , Murtaza Ali Alifya , Nazneen Suri Mahrukh , Munir Syeda Fatima 
Published: April 2021

Background: A serious worldwide medical and public health concern occurs with the dengue virus, which is also an emerging health threat. A victim can be vulnerable and acquire dengue because of his age, genetics, nutritional status, viral strain and secondary infections. Our objective was to identify the ABO blood group system's distribution and relationship in dengue fever (DF) patients.
Methodology: The current study has conducted between September 2019 and September 2020 in Dr. Ishrat ul Ebad Institute of Blood Diseases Department. The research work was viewed and accepted by the ethics and research committees. Case records of patients with blood systems and their relation among dengue nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) antigen /dengue immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (lgG) were included in this study.
Results: Among 204 cases, 82 were blood group O positive, 59 were B positive, 38 were A positive, 16 were AB positive, 4 were O negative, and 2 were blood group A negative. The association of the ABO blood group with dengue was statistically significant (p=0.046). Blood group O+ has the highest number of cases, 66 (42.9 %), than controls, 16 (32 %).
Conclusion: This study overall consummates that blood group O is linked with a greater possibility of acquiring DF in comparison with different other blood group types. There is a significant relationship between blood group and DF observed.
Retracing The Position of Sharia Science in The Formulation of Laws and Regulations
Authors: Anwar Syahrul , Rosadi Aden , Fauzan Fauzan 
Published: April 2021

This study tries to explain the efforts to retrace the position of Islamic science in the formulation of laws and regulations in Indonesia. As part of the implementation of Islamic law and the national legal sub-system, the position of sharia is particularly strategic and significant. The existence and position of sharia science lie not only in theoretical development through academic studies but also in practical terms which can provide its own colour in the formulation of laws and regulations in Indonesia. The implementation of sharia in life is not only an individual normative obligation, but also a collective responsibility that involves academics, legal practitioners, and the government. The position of sharia in forming laws and regulations theoretically and practically can be seen from three aspects, including substance, structure, and culture.Penelitian ini mencoba menjelaskan tentang upaya pelacakan kembali posisi ilmu syariah dalam pembentukan peraturan perundangan-undangan di Indonesia. Sebagai bagian dari implementasi hukum Islam dan sub-sistem hukum nasional, posisi ilmu syari’ah sangat strategis dan signifikan. Keberadaan dan posisi ilmu syariah bukan hanya terletak pada pengembangan teoritis melalui kajian akademik, tetapi juga secara praktis dapat memberikan warna tersendiri dalam pembentukan peraturan perundangan-undangan di Indonesia. Implementasi ilmu syariah dalam kehidupan, bukan hanya kewajiban individual yang bersifat normative saja, tetapi juga menjadi kewajiban kolektif yang melibatkan akademisi, praktisi hukum, maupun pemerintah. Dengan menggunakan metode deskiptif tekstual-interpretatif, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara teoritis dan praktis, posisi ilmu syariah dalam pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan dapat dilihat dari tiga aspek, antara lain: substansi, struktur, dan kultur.
PENERAPAN PASAL 2 AYAT 3 KEPUTUSAN MENTERI NEGARA AGRARIA/ KEPALA BADAN PERTANAHAN NASIONAL NOMOR 16 TAHUN 1997 TERHADAP PENURUNAN STATUS KEPEMILIKAN TANAH HAK MILIK UNTUK DIUBAH MENJADI TANAH HAK GUNA BANGUNAN MELALUI PROSES LELANG
Authors: Setyawan David Novan 
Published: April 2021

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka Penyelesaiannya adalah sebagai berikut: yang Pertama, Penerapan Terhadap Penurunan Hak Milik Untuk Diubah Menjadi Guna Bangunan Melalui Dengan Didasarkan Pada Pasal 2 Agraria/ Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Tahun 1997, yakni: didalam pelaksanaannya, dikarenakan pada saat status kepemilikan hak atas tanah yang dalam hal ini hak milik, kemudian diubah menjadi hak guna bangunan oleh perseorangan kepada suatu badan-badan yang dalam hal ini badan hukum itu membutuhkan biaya-biaya yang tidak sedikit, dan dengan waktu yang tidak sebentar, maka itu dapat menciptakan suatu masalah atau kendala baru yang harus segera dapat diberikan solusinya.
Kedua, yakni: Kendala dalam Terhadap Status Kepemilikan Tanah Hak Milik Menjadi Tanah Hak Melalui Proses Lelang Dengan Didasarkan Pada Keputusan Menteri / Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional, adalah sebagai berikut:Kurangnya transparasi dalam dan informasi penguasaan dan pemilikan tanah; Pensertifikatan tanah tidak dapat berjalan dengan cepat; Terbatasnya tenaga berkeahlian; Tuntutan ketelitian teknis yuridis dokumen yang menjadi dasar hak atas tanah memang mesti relatif akurat; Kurang lengkapnya Standar sampai saat ini; Hingga saat ini belum ada kesatuan definisi tanah adat dan tanah negara.
La tragedia como fundamento estructural de "La Hojarasca"
Authors: Lastra Pedro 
Published: April 2021

No conocemos ningún trabajo crítico dedicado a “La hojarasca” que atienda al sentido esclarecedor del epígrafe que Gabriel García Márquez pone al comienzo de su novela (…).
El único crítico que se detiene brevemente a considerar el epígrafe es Luis Harss, pero en él un simple comentario irónico de la situación: "Y así, como Polinices, perecer el doctor, pero no su recuerdo, ni todas las pasiones que dejó atrás, que seguirán rondando como un castigo por el pueblo". (…)
Desplegar esa dimensión de lo trágico en La hojarasca supone, necesariamente, una inteligencia clara del fundamento proporcionado por la tradición literaria, que aquí ha sido actualizado y, en más de un momento, alterado o fundido, de acuerdo con las exigencias de una estructura particular -la de la novela que examinamos-, a través de la cual el novelista quiso expresar su percepción de realidad.
Reflexiones sobre el arte conceptual en el Perú y sus proyecciones
Authors: Castrillon Vizcarra Alfonso 
Published: April 2021

La conciencia del origen conceptual del arte puede encontrarse ya en L. B. Alberti (1436) como "disegno interno", imagen mental, bos- quejo. La frase de Leonardo "La pittura é cosa mentale..." nos remite a una idea, a una invención primero mental que se traduce luego a formas sensibles. Miguel Angel cree en el arte como "concetto" cuando dice en uno de sus sonetos:
"Non ha l'ottimo artista alcun concetto c'un marmo solo in se non circoscriva col suo soverchio; e solo a quello arriva la man che ubbidica alPinteletto" ( 1 ) .