bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decision aids for localized prostate cancer in diverse minority men: Primary outcome results from a multicenter cancer care delivery trial (Alliance A191402CD)
Authors: Tilburt Jon C. , Zahrieh David , Pacyna Joel E. , Petereit Daniel G. , Kaur Judith S. , Rapkin Bruce D. , Grubb Robert L. , Chang George J. , Morris Michael J. , Kovac Evan Z. , Babaian Kara N. , Sloan Jeff A. , Basch Ethan M. , Peil Elizabeth S. , Dueck Amylou C. , Novotny Paul J. , Paskett Electra D. , Buckner Jan C. , Joyce Daniel D. , Montori Victor M. , Frosch Dominick L. , Volk Robert J. , Kim Simon P. 
Published: December 2021

BackgroundDecision aids (DAs) can improve knowledge for prostate cancer treatment. However, the relative effects of DAs delivered within the clinical encounter and in more diverse patient populations are unknown. A multicenter cluster randomized controlled trial with a 2×2 factorial design was performed to test the effectiveness of within‐visit and previsit DAs for localized prostate cancer, and minority men were oversampled.MethodsThe interventions were delivered in urology practices affiliated with the NCI Community Oncology Research Program Alliance Research Base. The primary outcome was prostate cancer knowledge (percent correct on a 12‐item measure) assessed immediately after a urology consultation.ResultsFour sites administered the previsit DA (39 patients), 4 sites administered the within‐visit DA (44 patients), 3 sites administered both previsit and within‐visit DAs (25 patients), and 4 sites provided usual care (50 patients). The median percent correct in prostate cancer knowledge, based on the postvisit knowledge assessment after the intervention delivery, was as follows: 75% for the pre+within‐visit DA study arm, 67% for the previsit DA only arm, 58% for the within‐visit DA only arm, and 58% for the usual‐care arm. Neither the previsit DA nor the within‐visit DA had a significant impact on patient knowledge of prostate cancer treatments at the prespecified 2.5% significance level (P = .132 and P = .977, respectively).ConclusionsDAs for localized prostate cancer treatment provided at 2 different points in the care continuum in a trial that oversampled minority men did not confer measurable gains in prostate cancer knowledge.
Enable data privacy, dynamics, and batch in public auditing scheme for cloud storage system
Authors: Yuan Yilin , Zhang Jianbiao , Xu Wanshan , Li Zheng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWith the popularity of cloud computing, cloud storage technology has also been widely used. Among them, data integrity verification is a hot research topic. At present, the realization of public auditing has become the development trend of integrity verification. Most existing public auditing schemes rarely consider some indispensable functions at the same time. Thus, in this article, we propose a comprehensive public auditing scheme (PDBPA) that can simultaneously support data privacy protection, data dynamics, and multi‐user batch auditing. To guarantee privacy protection during the audit process, our PDBPA design a new method of constructing audit proof, which combines random masking techniques and bilinear properties of bilinear pairing. Not only can it ensure that TPA performs audits correctly, but it can also prevent it from exploring the user's sensitive data. In addition, by utilizing the modified dynamic hash table, which is a novel and small two‐dimensional data structure, data dynamics can be effectively achieved. Furthermore, we provide a detailed process for the third‐party auditors to perform batch audits for multiple users. Moreover, we give the detailed and rigorous security analysis in defending against forgery attack, replace attack, and replay attack. Performance evaluations demonstrate that our PDBPA scheme is effective and feasible.
Acute and Chronic Effects of Rifampin on Letermovir Suggest Transporter Inhibition and Induction Contribute to Letermovir Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Robbins Jonathan A. , Menzel Karsten , Lassman Michael , Zhao Tian , Fancourt Craig , Chu Xiaoyan , Mostoller Kate , Witter Rose , Marceau West Rachel , Stoch S. Aubrey , McCrea Jacqueline B. , Iwamoto Marian 
Published: December 2021

Rifampin has acute inhibitory and chronic inductive effects that can cause complex drug–drug interactions. Rifampin inhibits transporters including organic‐anion‐transporting polypeptide (OATP)1B and P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), and induces enzymes and transporters including cytochrome P450 3A, UDP‐glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)1A, and P‐gp. This study aimed to separate inhibitory and inductive effects of rifampin on letermovir disposition and elimination (indicated for cytomegalovirus prophylaxis in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients). Letermovir is a substrate of UGT1A1/3, P‐gp, and OATP1B, with its clearance primarily mediated by OATP1B. Letermovir (single‐dose) administered with rifampin (single‐dose) resulted in increased letermovir exposure through transporter inhibition. Chronic coadministration with rifampin (inhibition plus potential OATP1B induction) resulted in modestly decreased letermovir exposure vs. letermovir alone. Letermovir administered 24 hours after the last rifampin dose (potential OATP1B induction) resulted in markedly decreased letermovir exposure. These data suggest rifampin may induce transporters that clear letermovir; the modestly reduced letermovir exposure with chronic rifampin coadministration likely reflects the net effect of inhibition and induction. OATP1B endogenous biomarkers coproporphyrin (CP) I and glycochenodeoxycholic acid‐sulfate (GCDCA‐S) were also analyzed; their exposures increased after single‐dose rifampin plus letermovir, consistent with OATP1B inhibition and prior reports of inhibition by rifampin alone. CP I and GCDCA‐S exposures were substantially reduced with letermovir administered 24 hours after the last dose of rifampin vs. letermovir plus chronic rifampin coadministration. This study suggests that OATP1B induction may contribute to reduced letermovir exposure after chronic rifampin administration, although given the complexity of letermovir disposition alternative mechanisms are not fully excluded.
Collagen‐Induced Arthritis Mouse Model
Authors: Rosloniec Edward F. , Whittington Karen , Proslovsky Amanda , Brand David D. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe collagen‐induced arthritis mouse model is a widely studied autoimmune model of rheumatoid arthritis. In this model, autoimmune arthritis is induced by immunization of genetically susceptible strains of mice with type II collagen emulsified in complete Freund's adjuvant. This article describes the steps necessary for the acquisition, handling, and preparation of CII, in addition to the selection of mouse strains, proper immunization technique, and methods for evaluation of the incidence and severity of the autoimmune arthritis. In this model, the first signs of arthritis appear approximately 21 to 28 days after immunization. The protocols in this article should provide the investigator with all the necessary information required to reproducibly induce a high incidence of CIA in genetically susceptible strains of mice, and to critically evaluate the pathology of the disease. Published 2021. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.This article was corrected on 26 July 2022. See the end of the full text for details.Basic Protocol: Induction of collagen‐induced arthritisSupport Protocol 1: Purification of type II collagenSupport Protocol 2: Purification of type II collagen α1(II) chainsSupport Protocol 3: Assessment of arthritis incidence and severitySupport Protocol 4: Measurement of CII specific antibody by indirect ELISASupport Protocol 5: Coupling CII to magnetic beadsSupport Protocol 6: Measuring CII‐specific antibody by magnetic‐bead based ELISASupport Protocol 7: Measurement of T cell responses to CII in CIA
Waste Face Surgical Mask Transformation into Crude Oil and Nanostructured Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers
Authors: Muhyuddin Mohsin , Filippi Jonathan , Zoia Luca , Bonizzoni Simone , Lorenzi Roberto , Berretti Enrico , Capozzoli Laura , Bellini Marco , Ferrara Chiara , Lavacchi Alessandro , Santoro Carlo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA novel route for the valorization of waste into valuable products was developed. Surgical masks commonly used for COVID 19 protection by stopping aerosol and droplets have been widely used, and their disposal is critical and often not properly pursued. This work intended to transform surgical masks into platinum group metal‐free electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) as well as into crude oil. Surgical masks were subjected to controlled‐temperature and ‐atmosphere pyrolysis, and the produced char was then converted into electrocatalysts by functionalizing it with metal phthalocyanine of interest. The electrocatalytic performance characterization towards ORR and HER was carried out highlighting promising activity. At different temperatures, condensable oil fractions were acquired and thoroughly analyzed. Transformation of waste surgical masks into electrocatalysts and crude oil can open new routes for the conversion of waste into valuable products within the core of the circular economy.
The use of singlebeam echo‐sounder depth data to produce demersal fish distribution models that are comparable to models produced using multibeam echo‐sounder depth
Authors: Landero Figueroa Marcela Montserrat , Parsons Miles J. G. , Saunders Benjamin J. , Radford Ben , Salgado‐Kent Chandra , Parnum Iain M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSeafloor characteristics can help in the prediction of fish distribution, which is required for fisheries and conservation management. Despite this, only 5%–10% of the world's seafloor has been mapped at high resolution, as it is a time‐consuming and expensive process. Multibeam echo‐sounders (MBES) can produce high‐resolution bathymetry and a broad swath coverage of the seafloor, but require greater financial and technical resources for operation and data analysis than singlebeam echo‐sounders (SBES). In contrast, SBES provide comparatively limited spatial coverage, as only a single measurement is made from directly under the vessel. Thus, producing a continuous map requires interpolation to fill gaps between transects. This study assesses the performance of demersal fish species distribution models by comparing those derived from interpolated SBES data with full‐coverage MBES distribution models. A Random Forest classifier was used to model the distribution of Abalistes stellatus, Gymnocranius grandoculis, Lagocephalus sceleratus, Loxodon macrorhinus, Pristipomoides multidens, and Pristipomoides typus, with depth and depth derivatives (slope, aspect, standard deviation of depth, terrain ruggedness index, mean curvature, and topographic position index) as explanatory variables. The results indicated that distribution models for A. stellatus, G. grandoculis, L. sceleratus, and L. macrorhinus performed poorly for MBES and SBES data with area under the receiver operator curves (AUC) below 0.7. Consequently, the distribution of these species could not be predicted by seafloor characteristics produced from either echo‐sounder type. Distribution models for P. multidens and P. typus performed well for MBES and the SBES data with an AUC above 0.8. Depth was the most important variable explaining the distribution of P. multidens and P. typus in both MBES and SBES models. While further research is needed, this study shows that in resource‐limited scenarios, SBES can produce comparable results to MBES for use in demersal fish management and conservation.
Chemical Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Potentiometric Determination of Mo(VI) and its Application in Food Analysis and Agriculture Fertilizers
Authors: EL‐Sanafery Safa S. , Abbas Ashraf A. , Mohamed Gehad G. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSince to the best of our knowledge, there is no potentiometric sensors based on carbon paste electrodes were proposed for the potentiometric determination of molybdenum(VI) ion. In this study, 2,2′‐(propane‐1,3‐diylbis(oxy))dibenzoic acid (PBODBA) was synthesized and used as modifier in the fabrication of carbon paste electrode (CPE) for the quantification of molybdenum(VI). The developed electrodes I and II showed hexavalent Nernstian response of 9.80±0.05 and 9.90±0.08 mV decade−1 over the concentration ranges of 1.0×10−7–1.0×10−3 and 1.0×10−8–1.0×10−3 mol L−1, respectively. The electrodes showed good selectivity for Mo(VI). The modified electrodes were applied for the determination of Mo(VI) concentration in masscuaje agricultural fertilizer and spiked juice extractions containing several metals.
Efficient two‐layer rural electrification planning and techno‐economic assessment integrating renewable sources
Authors: Kamal Md Mustafa , Ashraf Imtiaz , Fernandez Eugene 
Published: December 2021

AbstractElectricity access is a critical factor for social and economic development. Microgrid becomes cost‐effective means to provide access to electricity for the rural community. Rural electrification demands high investment due to its low energy demand and population. Planning of rural electrification is a technical and financial challenge for policymakers. This paper proposes the grid‐connected electrification of the rural community of Uttarakhand (India). An integrated model formed with the solar photovoltaic system, wind energy, and battery. This research aims to provide the optimal cost‐effective solution for the electrification of the rural community. The suggested model is optimized using Differential Algorithm to determine the optimal system configuration, cost of energy, and net present cost. The effectiveness of the proposed DE algorithm is compared with genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization. The results confirm that the proposed renewable energy‐based microgrid has a total production cost of $5 185 367.04, with a per‐unit cost of energy is $0.20/kWh. The proposed microgrid is a more suitable option for electrification in rural communities with less dependence on the grid and conventional sources.
Association of preoperative anemia and increased risk of blood transfusion and length of hospital stay in adults undergoing hip and knee arthroplasty: An observational study in a single tertiary center
Authors: Duarte Gustavo de Carvalho , Catanoce Aguinaldo Pereira , Zabeu José Luiz , Ribeiro Glaciano Nogueira , Moschen Mariangela , de Oliveira Nathália Aparecida Gonçalves , Langhi Dante Mario , Marques Júnior José Francisco Comenalli , Mendrone‐Junior Alfredo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsAnemia is a common feature in patients presenting for major elective surgery, and it is considered an independent risk factor associated with adverse outcomes. Although several studies suggest that preoperative anemia is associated with poor outcomes after elective orthopedic surgery, data are still scarce in middle‐ and low‐income countries where this problem may be even greater. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of preoperative anemia in clinical outcomes in patients submitted to hip and knee arthroplasty in a single tertiary hospital.MethodsMedical records of 234 adult patients submitted to knee and hip arthroplasty from January 2018 to July 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient's demographics (ie, age and gender), pre‐ and postoperative hemoglobin level (Hb), allogeneic red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, intensive care admission, length of hospital stay, hospital readmissions, and mortality up to 30 days after the surgery were analyzed. Outcomes were evaluated according to preoperative anemia status based on World Health Organization (WHO) criteria.ResultsMean age was 70 years with a slight female predominance (57.6%). The prevalence of anemia was 30.7% (72/234) being more prevalent in female (33.3% vs 26.7%). Preoperative anemia was significantly associated with greater rate of blood transfusion (34.5% vs 5.6%; P = .001), prolonged length of hospital stay (6.48 days vs 3.36 days; P = .001), and higher rate of intensive care unit admission (47.2% and 29.6% P = .009). Preoperative anemia had no effect on 30‐day readmission and mortality for both males and females.ConclusionsOur retrospective study demonstrated that preoperative anemia is a common problem among orthopedic patients and is associated with increased transfusion risk and worse outcomes. Strategies to identify and treat anemic patients before elective surgery are critical to improving clinical outcomes.
In vivo detection of head and neck tumors by hyperspectral imaging combined with deep learning methods
Authors: Eggert Dennis , Bengs Marcel , Westermann Stephan , Gessert Nils , Gerstner Andreas O. H. , Mueller Nina A. , Bewarder Julian , Schlaefer Alexander , Betz Christian , Laffers Wiebke 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCurrently, there are no fast and accurate screening methods available for head and neck cancer, the eighth most common tumor entity. For this study, we used hyperspectral imaging, an imaging technique for quantitative and objective surface analysis, combined with deep learning methods for automated tissue classification. As part of a prospective clinical observational study, hyperspectral datasets of laryngeal, hypopharyngeal and oropharyngeal mucosa were recorded in 98 patients before surgery in vivo. We established an automated data interpretation pathway that can classify the tissue into healthy and tumorous using convolutional neural networks with 2D spatial or 3D spatio‐spectral convolutions combined with a state‐of‐the‐art Densenet architecture. Using 24 patients for testing, our 3D spatio‐spectral Densenet classification method achieves an average accuracy of 81%, a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 79%.
Locating the bandgap edges of eumelanin thin films for applications in organic electronics
Authors: Niyonkuru Dieudonné , Carrière Alexandre , Ambrose Ryan , Gouda Abdelaziz , Reali Manuel , Camus Anthony , Pezzella Alessandro , Hill Ian , Santato Clara 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDBio‐sourced (natural) organic materials are often chemically and structurally disordered, such that their structure‐property relationships must be explored using model systems. Eumelanin is an interesting candidate among natural organic materials.RESULTSIn this work, the locations of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels of 5,6‐dihydroxyindole (DHI) and 5,6‐dihydroxyindole‐2‐carboxylic acid (DHICA) building blocks (monomers) of the black‐brown biopigment eumelanin, in film form, are studied. The films are fabricated by the spin‐coating technique (i.e., here indicated as DHI‐ and DHICA‐films), which is sometimes followed by ammonia‐induced solid‐state polymerization (i.e., indicated as AISSP‐DHI and AISSP‐DHICA films), as well as by thermal evaporation (i.e., evaporated DHI and DHICA films). From Ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy (UPS), we deduced the ionization energies (EI) for all DHI‐ and DHICA‐based films to be in the range of 5.34‐5.56 eV and 5.35‐5.80 eV, respectively. The electron affinities (χE) are measurable using inverse photoemission spectroscopy (IPES) for DHI films (3.80 eV) and both evaporated DHI (4.0 eV) and DHICA (3.9 eV) films. On the other hand, the χE values of DHICA, AISSP‐DHI, and AISSP‐DHICA films are estimated with about 0.5 eV of uncertainty. UV‐visible spectroscopy reveals the preferred chromophoric bands for DHICA, AISSP‐DHICA, and DHI are in the range of 300‐330 nm, while AISSP‐DHI exhibits a broadened UV‐visible absorbance.CONCLUSIONOur study paves the way for the design of suitable metal‐eumelanin interfaces for electronic applications. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
An efficient synthesis of 6‐arylpyrazolo[4′,3′:4,5]pyrimido[2,1‐a] isoquinolin‐8(9H)‐one derivatives catalyzed by AgOTf
Authors: Pan Wan‐Chen , Li Tuan‐Jie , Liu Jian‐Quan , Wang Xiang‐Shan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA new AgOTf‐catalyzed domino reaction of 2‐alkynylbenzaldehyde and 4‐amino‐1‐methyl‐3‐propyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐5‐carboxamide has been reported via a sequential condensation, cyclization, and acetylenic hydroamination process. The developed protocol provides an efficient and modular access to a range of new fused tetracyclic heterocycle 6‐aryl‐9‐methyl‐11‐propyl pyrazolo[4′,3′:4,5]pyrimido[2,1‐a]isoquinolin‐8(9H)‐ones with two new rings in good yields.
Humic acid complex formation with urea alters its structure and enhances biomass production in hydroponic maize
Authors: Jing Jianyuan , Zhang Shuiqin , Yuan Liang , Li Yanting , Zhang Yingqiang , Wen Yanchen , Zhao Bingqiang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDHumic acid (HA)‐enhanced urea (HAU) is the top‐selling efficiency‐enhanced urea in China. Comprehensive investigation into the structure and efficacy of HA complex formation with urea (HACU) – the main reaction product during HAU's production – is required to clarify the reaction mechanism between HA and urea, and to provide guidance for the development of high‐efficiency HAU.RESULTSHACU showed discrepant structural and compositional features from raw HA. Nitrogen (N) content in HACU was 7.3 times greater than that of HA. Several high‐resolution analytical methods showed a sharp increase of ammonia in the gaseous product during HACU pyrolysis, suggesting that urea contributed N to HACU. HACU was characterized with significantly fewer carboxyl groups than in raw HA, implying that the carboxyl group was the main group in HA to participate in the reaction between HA and urea. The presence of amide‐N in HACU verified the structure of the reaction product. Furthermore, both HACU and HA could enhance the biomass in hydroponically grown maize seedlings, but the highest stimulation for HACU came about when its carbon concentrations were 50–100 mg L−1, higher than the optimal carbon concentration for HA (25 mg L−1), attributed to the lower carboxyl group content for HACU to some extent.CONCLUSIONDuring HAU's production, reaction with N derived from urea to form amide‐N decreased the carboxyl groups in HA, leading to higher concentrations for HACU required to achieve the similar bioefficacy of HA. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Controlled‐release urea combined with fulvic acid enhanced carbon/nitrogen metabolic processes and maize growth
Authors: Li Zeli , Chen Qi , Gao Feng , Meng Qingmin , Li Mingyang , Zhang Yan , Zhang Peng , Zhang Min , Liu Zhiguang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDControlled‐release urea (CRU) or fulvic acid (FA), when applied, have been shown to increase nitrogen (N) use efficiency (NUE) or to stimulate plant growth, yet their interactive effects are not well explored. The objective of this study was to investigate the synergistic mechanisms of CRU combined with FA (CRU + FA) on maize (Zea mays L.) growth. Through the experimental design with five treatments, the N metabolism through the transcriptomic analysis of maize leaf, endogenous hormones, photosynthesis enzymes in maize leaf and root, and maize yield and NUE were evaluated.RESULTSCompared with CRU treatment, CRU + FA treatment significantly increased auxin, nitrate reductase, and glutamate dehydrogenase in leaf by 35.4%, 43.9%, 40.8% and 19.5%, respectively, as well as, the relative content of the leaf chlorophyll and photosynthetic rate by 14.8% and 45.6%, respectively, at 12‐leaf collar stage; the carbon/nitrogen (C/N) metabolic process was significantly enriched in CRU + FA treatment by 312 and 418 genes, according to transcriptome profiles of C/N metabolic in leaves from various fertilizer treated maize; maize yield and NUE of CRU + FA treatment were increased by 6.3% and 38.4%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSThese results demonstrated that CRU + FA is a viable fertilization scheme that can enhance maize growth, yield and NUE through their synergies in improving N uptake, promoting photosynthesis, increasing C/N metabolic processes, and enhancing enzyme activities. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.