bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A strategy for suppressing the torque ripple in three‐phase four‐switch inverter‐fed PMSM drives
Authors: Fang Wenjing , Wang Zhonghua , Wang Dongxue , Li Meng 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThis paper proposes a strategy to suppress the torque ripple based on three‐phase four‐switch (TPFS) inverter for the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives system to ensure safe and reliable operation in case of single‐phase open circuit of the three‐phase six‐switch (TPSS) inverter. When a TPFS inverter fault‐tolerant topology is adopted, the voltage fluctuations of the DC‐split capacitors will cause the command voltages and currents to have a second harmonic components in addition to the effective DC components. This also results in the existence of second harmonics in the torque and speed, which causes the torque and speed to generate periodic ripple. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a proportional‐integral quasi‐resonant (PIQR) control strategy for the current loop. By suppressing the second harmonics in the motor currents, the current waveform can be improved, and the ripple in the torque and speed can be well suppressed. The feasibility and effectiveness of the strategy are verified by simulation results.
Analgesic Effectiveness and Improvement in Quality of Life after Using Topical Sevoflurane for an Extremely Painful Anal Fissure
Authors: Cifuentes-Tébar Jesús , Rueda-Martínez Juan Luis , Selva-Sevilla Carmen , Gerónimo-Pardo Manuel 
Published: May 2021

AbstractPainful anal fissures could be distressing conditions that severely impair the patients' quality of life. The analgesic effectiveness of topical drugs, such as calcium-antagonists and nitrates is quite variable. The inhalational anesthetic sevoflurane is being repurposed as a topical analgesic for painful chronic wounds. We report a pioneer experience treating a painful chronic anal fissure with topical sevoflurane. A young adult male was suffering from an extremely painful chronic anal fissure, which severely affected his quality of life. The topical treatment with nitroglycerine and diltiazem gels failed. The patient agreed to the treatement with topical sevoflurane as an off-label medication, and it produced an immediate, intense, and long-lasting analgesic effect. An intense but rapidly transient burning sensation, as well as persistent but well-tolerated flatulence were the only adverse effects. The quality of life was greatly improved, and the cost of the treatment was affordable. Therefore, the off-label use of topical sevoflurane appears to be an effective alternative for the symptomatic treatment of painful anal fissures.
Polymorphisms of the Vitamin D Receptor Gene in Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Lopes Bhettina Vieira , Ribeiro Vitor Linhares , Marques Larissa de Oliveira Rosa , Sousa Liliane Emilly dos Santos , Leão-Cordeiro Jacqueline Andréia Bernardes , Silva Antonio Márcio Teodoro Cordeiro 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Introduction Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Studies have shown that polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene may help elucidate the pathogenesis of CD.
Objectives To analyze the role of VDR gene polymorphisms (ApaI, BsmI, FokI, and TaqI) in the development of CD.
Methods The present study is a systematic review with meta-analysis. a total of 50 articles in English and Portuguese published from 2000 to 2020 were selected from 3 databases. The relationship between CD and the VDR gene was addressed in 16 articles.
Results The TaqI polymorphism was analyzed in 3,689 patients and 4,645 control subjects (odds ratio [OR] = 0.948; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] = 0.851–1.056; p = 0.3467). The ApaI polymorphism was studied in 3,406 patients and 4,415 control subjects (OR = 1,033; 95%CI = 0.854–1.250; p = 0.7356). For FokI polymorphism, there were 2,998 patients and 4,146 control subjects (OR = 0.965; 95%CI = 0.734–1.267; p = 0.7958). Lastly, the BsmI polymorphism was analyzed in 2,981 patients and 4,477 control subjects (OR = 1,272; 95%CI = 0.748–2.161; p = 0.3743).
Conclusion These four VDR gene polymorphisms were not associated with CD. Therefore, further studies with larger samples are required to corroborate or rectify the conclusions from the present meta-analysis.
The Effects of a Single Freeze-Thaw Cycle on Concentrations of Nutritional, Noncommunicable Disease, and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Serum Samples
Authors: Abraham Ransi Ann , Rana Garima , Agrawal Praween K. , Johnston Robert , Sarna Avina , Ramesh Sowmya , Acharya Rajib , Khan Nizamuddin , Porwal Akash , Kurundkar Sucheta Banerjee , Pandey Arvind , Pullakhandam Raghu , Nair Krishnapillai Madhavan , Kumar Geeta Trilok , Sachdev HPS , Kapil Umesh , Deb Sila , Wagt Arjan de , Khera Ajay , Ramakrishnan Lakshmy 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background The stability of biological samples is vital for reliable measurements of biomarkers in large-scale survey settings, which may be affected by freeze-thaw procedures. We examined the effect of a single freeze-thaw cycle on 13 nutritional, noncommunicable diseases (NCD), and inflammatory bioanalytes in serum samples.
Method Blood samples were collected from 70 subjects centrifuged after 30 minutes and aliquoted immediately. After a baseline analysis of the analytes, the samples were stored at − 70°C for 1 month and reanalyzed for all the parameters. Mean percentage differences between baseline (fresh blood) and freeze-thaw concentrations were calculated using paired sample t-tests and evaluated according to total allowable error (TEa) limits (desirable bias).
Results Freeze-thaw concentrations differed significantly (p < 0.05) from baseline concentrations for soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) (− 5.49%), vitamin D (− 12.51%), vitamin B12 (− 3.74%), plasma glucose (1.93%), C-reactive protein (CRP) (3.45%), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (7.98%), and cholesterol (9.76%), but they were within respective TEa limits. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (− 0.67%), creatinine (0.94%), albumin (0.87%), total protein (1.00%), ferritin (− 0.58%), and triglycerides (TAG) (2.82%) concentrations remained stable following the freeze-thaw cycle. In conclusion, single freeze-thaw cycle of the biomarkers in serum/plasma samples after storage at − 70°C for 1 month had minimal effect on stability of the studied analytes, and the changes in concentration were within acceptable limit for all analytes.
Antibody-Mediated Rejection and Lung Transplantation
Authors: Halverson Laura P. , Hachem Ramsey R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAntibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is now a widely recognized form of lung allograft rejection, with mounting evidence for AMR as an important risk factor for the development of chronic lung allograft dysfunction and markedly decreased long-term survival. Despite the recent development of the consensus diagnostic criteria, it remains a challenging diagnosis of exclusion. Furthermore, even after diagnosis, treatment directed at pulmonary AMR has been nearly exclusively derived from practices with other solid-organ transplants and other areas of medicine, such that there is a significant lack of data regarding the efficacy for these in pulmonary AMR. Lastly, outcomes after AMR remain quite poor despite aggressive treatment. In this review, we revisit the history of AMR in lung transplantation, describe our current understanding of its pathophysiology, discuss the use and limitations of the consensus diagnostic criteria, review current treatment strategies, and summarize long-term outcomes. We conclude with a synopsis of our most pressing gaps in knowledge, introduce recommendations for future directions, and highlight promising areas of active research.
Bactrocera cucurbitae (melon fly).
Authors: Bakri Abdeljelil 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Considered native to India, B. cucurbitae, the melon fly, is now found in more than 40 countries. The potential risk of its introduction to a new area is facilitated by an increase in international tourism and trade, and is influenced by changes in climate and land use. After introduction, it can easily disperse due to its high reproductive potential, high biotic potential (short life cycle of 3-5 weeks, up to 10 generations of offspring per year), and a rapid dispersal ability. The economic impacts of this species result primarily from the loss of export markets and the costly requirement of quarantine restrictions and eradication measures. Furthermore, its establishment has a serious impact on the environment following the initiation of chemical and/or biological control programmes. B. cucurbitae is of quarantine significance to EPPO (European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization), APPPC (Asia and Pacific Plant Protection Commission), COSAV (Comité de Sanidad Vegetal del Cono Sur), CPPC (Caribbean Plant Protection Commission), and OIRSA (Organismo Internacional Regional de Sanidad Agropecuaria) countries.
High-efficiency asymmetric diffraction based on PT-antisymmetry in quantum dot molecules
Authors: Cheng Guangling , Hu Yongsheng , Zhong Wenxue , Chen Aixi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
We present preparation of asymmetric grating with higher diffraction efficiency in quantum dot molecules by combining the tunneling effect and parity-time antisymmetry. In the presence of tunneling between two quantum dots, the system exhibits the striking PT antisymmetry via spatially modulating the driving field and the detuning with respect to the driven transition. For this reason, the asymmetric grating could be achieved. The results show that the diffraction efficiency can be adjustable via changing the driving intensity, detuning, tunneling strength, and interaction length, and then the high-order diffraction can be reached. The scheme provides a feasible way to obtain the direction-controlled diffraction grating, which can be helpful for optical information processing and realization of controllable optical self-image.
Multi-objective optimization approach for channel selection and cross-subject generalization in RSVP-based BCIs
Authors: Xu Meng , Chen Yuanfang , Wang Dan , Wang Yijun , Zhang Lijian , Wei Xiaoqian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objective. Achieving high precision rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) task often requires many electrode channels to obtain more information. However, the more channels may contain more redundant information and also lead to its limited practical applications. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the number of channels to enhance the classification performance and users experience. Furthermore, cross-subject generalization has always been one of major challenges in electroencephalography channel reduction, especially in the RSVP paradigm. Most search-based channel selection method presented in the literature are single-objective methods, the classification accuracy (ACC) is usually chosen as the only criterion. Approach. In this article, the idea of multi-objective optimization was introduced into the RSVP channel selection to minimize two objectives: classification error and the number of channels. By combining a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm for solving large-scale sparse problems and hierarchical discriminant component analysis (HDCA), a novel channel selection method for RSVP was proposed. After that, the cross-subject generalization validation through the proposed channel selection method. Main results. The proposed method achieved an average ACC of 95.41% in a public dataset, which is 3.49% higher than HDCA. The ACC was increased by 2.73% and 2.52%, respectively. Besides, the cross-subject generalization models in channel selection, namely special-16 and special-32, on untrained subjects show that the classification performance is better than the Hoffmann empirical channels. Significance. The proposed channel selection method could reduce the calibration time in the experimental preparation phase and obtain a better accuracy, which is promising application in the RSVP scenario that requires low-density electrodes.
Target polarization characteristics analysis and detection in complex background
Authors: Zhang Guoyang , Nie Xiaofeng , Du Zhongqiang 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Polarization feature contains important information of the target and expecially related to the surface properties of target. In some complex conditions, such as the background of bushes and shrubs, masking target detection is of great significance. In order to realize target detection in complex conditions, we propose a new method based on the traditional CEM detection method, utilizing the polarization feature of the material, and finally achieve the purpose of target detection by using the polarization dimension feature of the material.
Latent factor model based zero-shot learning
Authors: Zhang Y X Q , Peng Y D , Li J D , Zhang C X , Yu D R , Xia R T , Liu D B , Yang B 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The key of zero-shot learning is to design an appropriate approach to capture the potential relevance between the image visual features and category-level semantic knowledge. There is a lot of data with matrix form in zero-shot recognition problem, such as image label matrix, visual feature matrix and semantic information matrix. Inspired by the latent factor model which tackles recommendation problems well avoid being influenced by sparse matrix, we regard an image as a user and analogize each dimension of the visual feature as an item. The key to our approach is that we model the image recognition as a special recommendation problem by aid of latent factor model. We evaluate our algorithm on three classic benchmark data sets for both conventional and generalized zero-shot setting, the classification results outperform significantly the state-of-art approaches with low calculation cost.
A Novel Method of Light Source Calibration under Near-field Lighting Condition
Authors: Ge Feng , Li Chen , Zhang Xu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The paper presents a novel method of photometric stereo calibration that works under near-field condition, and eight LED lights are installed on the system. In order to estimate the pose of the light source, light source position estimation based on iPad imaging is proposed. However, it is difficult to estimate principal optical axis direction of the light source which would influence the reconstruction result. Considering the problems of above, the new convolution kernel is used to find the brightest point on the chessboard paper, and the principal optical axis direction of light source can be precisely calculated according to geometric transformation. The experiments show the high-quality of 3-D reconstruction can be obtained by using the novel calibration method.
2D Light scattering images analyzed by deep learning algorithm for label-free differentiation of dead and live colonic adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Li Shuaiyi , Li Ya , Yao Jianning , Chen Bing , Song Jiayou , Xue Qi , Yang Xiaonan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The detection of cell viability or the detection of the percentage of live and dead cells in a sample of cells is an important parameter. At present, the common methods for cell viability determination mainly rely on the responses to cell dyes. However, the additional need for cell staining will consequently cause time-consuming and laborious efforts. Furthermore, the determination of cell viability by cell staining is invasive and may damage the internal structure of cells. In this work, we proposed a label-free method to classify live and dead colonic adenocarcinoma cells by 2D light scattering combined with deep learning algorithm. The deep convolutional network of YOLO-v3 was used to identify and classify light scattering images of live and dead HT29 cells. This method achieved an excellent sensitivity (92.16%), specificity (94.23%), and accuracy (93.2%). The results show that the combination of 2D light scattering images and deep neural network may provide a new label-free method for cellular analysis.
Preliminary Design of 1000MW Nuclear Reactor
Authors: Yi Lei , Wei Wang , Qian Zhang , Qiang Zhao 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In order to verify the practicality of a software named NECP, which is used for physical design of the nuclear power reactor, a preliminary design of 1000MWe, PWR were carried out by using this software. After the conceptual design, fuel assembly design and the full core dispersion design, the main parameters were determined and the 8 kinds of fuel assemblies were arranged. The homogenization calculation of various types of fuel assemblies and the arrangement of core fuel assemblies were completed while the full core dispersion calculation was performed. The power results, reactivity curves and non-uniform coefficients were determined after simulated and compared with the preset expected values. According to the reactor design criteria, the results are analyzed and improved. By modifying parameters such as the fuel enrichment of different components, the reactor design that meets the requirements is finally obtained. The results show that the calculated values are in good agreement with the expected values and meet the reactor design criteria, and the NECP software can be applied to operate the reactor physical parameters in the nuclear power plant.
A Sampling-based Distributed Source Coding Scheme
Authors: Mo H , Chen J , Li J , Zhao M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In many practical distributed source coding (DSC) schemes that apply channel coding and iterative decoding, correlation estimation provides the likelihood information about the source bits to initialize the decoding algorithms. Therefore, the decoding depends strongly on the accuracy of this correlation estimation information. In this study, a sampling-based scheme for DSC is proposed that takes advantage of the source redundancy without requiring prior knowledge of its statistics. At the sender, the source sequence is sampled to obtain the sampled and unsampled sub-sequences. Then, the un-sampled sub-sequence is compressed by an arithmetic coder. Meanwhile the syndromes of the sampled sub-sequence are also calculated. At the receiver, the correlation between the side information and the un-sampled sub-sequence is used to estimate the conditional marginal distribution of the sampled sub-sequence. Then, the estimated information is used to initialize the likelihood information of the decoding algorithms. Finally, the likelihood information is combined with the received syndromes to perform iterative decoding to recover the original sampled sub-sequence. Experiment results show that the proposed scheme achieves better rate-distortion performance compared with the existing DSC schemes.
LooPIM: A Loop-Oriented Acceleration Framework for Processing-in-Memory
Authors: Liu Chuangshi , Li Xianfeng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The latest development of 3D stacking technology provides a feasible solution for processing in memory (PIM) to solve the memory wall crisis. Since data can be processed locally in a logic layer adjacent to memory, large emerging big data applications may achieve significant performance and energy-efficiency benefits. Researchers continue to propose various PIM architectures to utilize the advantages of stacked memory efficiently. However, previous efforts relied on manually mapping specialized kernels to the logic layer, making it infeasible to perform more general workloads. We propose a loop-oriented acceleration framework that intelligently partitions loops and maps them onto appropriate execution units. The mapping mechanism can significantly reduce the communication overhead between the host processor and the PIM stack. Besides, we introduce a simple execution model that exploits data-level parallelism transparently. Experiments show that our framework achieves approximately 2.4x performance speedups comparing to the baseline 3D memory system.
An Improved Background Subtraction Method for Adaptive Rate Compressive Sensing
Authors: Wang Jianming , Chen Jianhua 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In Compressive Video Sensing application, the using of Adaptive Rate Compressive Sensing (ARCS) method can predict and adjust the sampling rate for each video frame, reduce the total sampling rate and improve the quality of reconstructed image. In order to use the inter-frame correlation of the video signal efficiently and reduce the sampling rate of the whole signal, an Improved Background Subtraction (IBS) method is proposed in this paper. By alternately using the frame without any foreground objects and the previous frame as the background of the signal, the sparsity of the foreground signal is improved and the total sampling rate is reduced. Experimental results show that, compare with the traditional background subtraction method, the IBS method can significantly reduce the total video sampling rate without apparent degradation of reconstructed image quality under the same ARCS method.
Influence of heat source location on the performance of air-flow inclination sensor
Authors: Zheng Yonghong , Peng Shiliu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
According to sensitive mechanism of air-flow inclination sensor, discussing the influence of heat source location on zero output, sensitivity, resolution and response time of the sensor. If the heat source deviates from the centre in horizontal direction, zero output is not zero. If the heat source deviates from the centre in vertical direction, sensitivity and resolution are decreased, while response time is increased. For resolving these problem a solution is proposed finally. Results show this method may reduce the influence of heat source location on the performance of air-flow inclination sensor.
Sensorless Starting Control of Brushless Synchronous Machine (BSM) For Aircraft
Authors: Tshambe Phinees Ngoy , Wei Jiadan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the sensorless starting control of brushless AC synchronous machine (BSM) for aircraft is studied. Low speed sensorless control technology is the key to accomplish full speed sensorless control. After injected the high frequency voltage with the three-phase AC excitation, the initial rotor position as the response is shown in this paper. On that basis, the sensorless control from starting to low-speed operation is accomplished. The performance of the starting control system is researched using MATLAB simulation software and the feasibility of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by simulation results.
A 15-bit, 5 MSPS SAR ADC with on-chip digital calibration
Authors: Yu Wenxin , Hao Yunqiang , Yi Dongbai , Xi Jianxiong , Zhang Xiaowei , He Lenian 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this paper, a digital algorithm based on a 15-bit, 5 million samples per second (MSPS), high-speed successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is presented. It features on comparator offset cancellation and capacitor mismatch calibration. The algorithm uses a 13-bit bypass array to measure the errors of both comparator and capacitors. During calibration, errors are read and put into the bypass array to compensate for the mismatches of the main array. Verified by MATLAB, the errors of the SAR ADC output can be corrected into 1 LSB with the help of calibration. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm improves the precision of the SAR ADC significantly.