bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeted screening of at-risk patients with chronic heartburn using a non-endoscopic capsule sponge device can enhance the detection of Barrett’s oesophagus
Authors: Norton Benjamin Charles , Telese Andrea , Papaefthymiou Apostolis , Duku Margaret , Murray Charles , Johnson Gavin , Murino Alberto , Cohen Richard , Lorenz Robert R , Haidry Rehan 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionChronic heartburn from acid reflux can lead to Barrett’s oesophagus (BE), which in turn may predispose to oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). The 5-year survival for OAC remains poor, but earlier identification improves outcomes. Swallowable non-endoscopic capsule sponge tests (eg, EndoSign) have been investigated to aid early diagnosis as a screening tool.MethodsIn February 2024, Heartburn Cancer UK (HCUK) charity in collaboration with Cleveland Clinic London launched a campaign to raise awareness on chronic heartburn and OAC. Members of the public with chronic heartburn were invited to self-refer using an online screening tool targeting high-risk individuals. Those eligible were offered EndoSign at a mobile testing unit. Samples were analysed for cellular atypia, trefoil factor 3 and p53. Individuals with cellular abnormalities were invited to undergo gastroscopy for the primary outcome of BE detection.ResultsIn total, 78 individuals (mean age 57.1 (SD 9.4), 85.9% male) were invited to undergo EndoSign with 65 confirming. Sixty individuals (92.3%) could swallow the capsule with no detachments or adverse events. Among 54 conclusive results, 12 (22.2%) had positive findings: intestinal metaplasia (n=10), cellular atypia (n=1) and ulceration (n=1). Eleven individuals chose to undergo gastroscopy. BE was detected in eight (14.8%) with a median Prague classification of C2M3. Three had an irregular squamocolumnar junction. There was one BE-associated low-grade dysplasia (1.9%). The positive predictive value for detection of BE was 72.7% (95% CI 43.5 to 91.7%).ConclusionThrough a targeted charity campaign, capsule sponge testing in an at-risk population can enhance the detection of BE and associated dysplasia.
Impaired coagulation parameters in early RA are restored by effective antirheumatic therapy: a prospective pilot study
Authors: Dijkshoorn Bas , Hansildaar Romy , Vedder Daisy , Soutari Nida , Rudin Anna , Nordström Dan , Gudbjornsson Bjorn , Lend Kristina , Uhlig Till , Haavardsholm Espen A , Grondal Gerdur , Hetland Merete Lund , Heiberg Marte Schrumpf , Østergaard Mikkel , Hørslev-Petersen Kim , Lampa Jon , van Vollenhoven Ronald F , Antovic Aleksandra , Nurmohamed Michael T 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesTo assess the effect of treatment on haemostatic parameters in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsPatients with newly diagnosed RA started methotrexate and were randomised to additional conventional treatment, certolizumab pegol, abatacept or tocilizumab. Several biomarkers for haemostasis were analysed including parameters of the two global haemostatic assays—overall haemostatic potential (OHP) and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), as well as single haemostatic factors—fibrinogen, prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2), D-dimer, thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) and clot lysis time (CLT) in 24 patients at baseline, 12 and 24 weeks after the start of the treatment.ResultsAt baseline, patients had elevated levels of the following biomarkers compared with reference values: fibrinogen, F1+2, D-dimer and parameters of the two global haemostatic assays, that is, ETP and OHP. After 24 weeks we observed a significant reduction in F1+2 (p<0.01), fibrinogen (p<0.01), D-dimer (p<0.01), OHP (p<0.01), ETP (p<0.01), CLT (p<0.01), TAFI (p<0.01) and an increase of OFP (p<0.01). Tocilizumab treatment resulted in the most significant reduction of global haemostatic assays after 24 weeks, that is, a reduction of OHP 73% (p<0.01) compared with certolizumab pegol arm 32% (p<0.01), abatacept arm 24% (p=0.25) or conventional treatment arm 7% (p=0.66).ConclusionNewly diagnosed RA patients have enhanced coagulation activation and impaired fibrinolysis as demonstrated by our results. Effective antirheumatic treatments during the first 24 weeks after diagnosis improved this haemostatic imbalance, with prominent effects of biological drugs and especially tocilizumab, compared with conventional treatment.
Synovitis scoring in hand osteoarthritis with ultrasonography: the performance of the Global OMERACT/EULAR Ultrasound Synovitis Score (GLOESS) is comparable to synovial thickening alone
Authors: van der Meulen Coen , Kortekaas Marion C , D’Agostino Maria Antonietta , Kroon Féline P B , Rosendaal Frits R , Kloppenburg Margreet 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundInflammation is increasingly recognised as a treatment target in hand osteoarthritis, and therefore correct measurement of local inflammation is essential. This study aimed to assess ultrasound scoring of synovitis and the additional value of the Global OMERACT/EULAR Ultrasound Synovitis Score (GLOESS) in hand osteoarthritis.MethodsData from the randomised, double-blinded Hand Osteoarthritis Prednisolone Efficacy (HOPE) trial were used. The HOPE trial included patients with painful, inflammatory hand OA, treated with prednisolone or placebo (1:1). Ultrasound was performed in 30 hand joints at weeks 0, 6 and 14. Effusion, synovial thickening and Doppler signal were measured, the GLOESS was calculated from the latter two. Joint tenderness on palpation was assessed semiquantitatively (0–3), soft swelling as present/absent. Changes in ultrasound scores, and their association with change in joint tenderness or soft swelling, were investigated using generalised estimating equations. Effect sizes were calculated.ResultsOf 92 included patients 79% were women, with mean (SD) age 63.9 (8.8) and body mass index 27.2 (4.6). Synovial thickening was the most prevalent. All ultrasound scores were strongly associated with joint tenderness and soft swelling cross-sectionally. There was no association of change in ultrasound scores with change in tenderness, but there was with change in soft tissue swelling. Synovial thickening and the GLOESS responded to treatment (effect size −0.39 (−0.72 to −0.07), −0.39 (−0.71 to −0.07), respectively).DiscussionVarious ultrasound scores were associated with joint tenderness and soft swelling. The GLOESS and synovial thickening were both responsive to treatment, but GLOESS was not superior to synovial thickening alone.
Does tocilizumab eliminate inflammation in GCA? A cohort study on repeated temporal artery biopsies
Authors: Ricordi Caterina , Marvisi Chiara , Macchioni Pierluigi , Boiardi Luigi , Cavazza Alberto , Croci Stefania , Bonacini Martina , Malchiodi Giuseppe , Durmo Rexhep , Versari Annibale , Mancuso Pamela , Giorgi Rossi Paolo , Muratore Francesco , Salvarani Carlo 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundVascular inflammation persists in temporal artery biopsy (TAB) of giant cell arteritis (GCA) patients even after prolonged glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. We aimed to evaluate the histological impact of adding tocilizumab (TCZ) to GCs.MethodsWe enrolled all consecutive GCA patients with an inflammed TAB at diagnosis who were treated with TCZ and GCs for ≥6 months and followed from December 2017 to December 2023. Within 2 weeks, all patients underwent a second TAB, positron emission 18-fluorodeoxyglucose tomography/CT (PET/CT) and vessel colour Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS). Results were compared with pretreatment findings.Results13 patients repeated TAB after a median TCZ treatment of 2.4 years (Q1–Q3: 1.2–3.9 years). The first TAB showed transmural inflammation (TMI) in 11/13 patients (84.6%), inflammation limited to adventitia (ILA) in one patient (7.7%) and small vessel vasculitis (SVV) in another (7.7%). On repeated TABs, five patients (38.5%) still showed some degree of inflammation. Among the 11 patients with initial TMI, 2 had ILA, 1 had TMI, 1had SVV and 1 had vasa vasorum vasculitis at the second TAB. Nine patients had active vasculitis at baseline PET/CT, and three (33.3%) still showed activity at the last PET/CT, with a relevant reduction in mean PET vascular activity score (−6.5; 95% CI 1.54 to 11.45; p=0.017). The repeated quantitative CDUS revealed altered parameters suggestive of vasculitis in temporal arteries in about one-third of the patients.ConclusionOur study, using pathological and imaging assessments, revealed that after TCZ and GCs, over one-third of patients still presented with vascular inflammation.
Barrow holographic dark energy: a path to reconstructing f(R, T) gravity
Authors: Ens P. S. , Santos A. F. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate one of the established methods for reconstructing modified gravity models from a dark energy model, with the aim of discovering relationships between these theories. In this study, we focus on the f(R, T) modified gravity theory, where R denotes the Ricci scalar and T represents the trace of the energy–momentum tensor. We employ Barrow’s holographic dark energy model, derived from fractal surfaces of black holes, to investigate the reconstruction process. The numerical results are subsequently presented for various infrared cutoffs, such as the Hubble horizon, future event horizon, and Granda–Oliveros cutoff.
Adoption of Artificial Intelligence and Its Impact on Competitive Advantage: Mediated by Knowledge Management
Authors: Yuan Daojun , Kim Jung Kwan , Gao Cong 
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the impacts of artificial intelligence (AI) and knowledge management (KM) on the competitive advantage (CA) of enterprises. In particular, it delves into the mediating role of knowledge management in the relationship between artificial intelligence and competitive advantage. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is employed to assess the relationships among the variables, with data drawn from a sample of 402 respondents in China. The survey findings reveal that the adoption of artificial intelligence significantly improves both knowledge management and the competitive advantage of enterprises; knowledge management not only directly impacts competitive advantage but also serves as a mediating variable in the relationship between artificial intelligence and competitive advantage. This mediating effect of knowledge management demonstrates how the acquisition, sharing and application of knowledge, propelled by artificial intelligence, can enhance competitive advantage over the long term. The findings of this study validate and extend the existing body of knowledge regarding the influences of AI and KM on enhancing organisational competitive advantage. It provides valuable insights for the strategic integration of artificial intelligence within a knowledge-driven framework, particularly within the context of Chinese enterprises. By addressing gaps in the related literature, it contributes to both the theoretical advancement and practical application of enterprise management.
Identification of Factors Influencing Donor‐Derived Cell‐Free DNA Levels up to One Year After Kidney Transplant
Authors: Mirza Ahmad , Gani Imran , Parvez Imran , Weaver Cari , Mulloy Laura , Kapoor Rajan 
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Donor‐derived cell‐free DNA (dd‐cfDNA) in the peripheral blood of allograft recipients has shown to early identify allograft injury. In this study, we assessed the factors that influence the amount of circulating dd‐cfDNA during the first month postkidney transplant as well as its longitudinal trend.Materials and Methods: A consecutive series of 98 adult kidney transplant recipients at a single center between July 2018 and January 2020 were included in this study. All demographic and operative details were collected for donors and recipients of the organ transplant. Median eGFR, dd‐cfDNA, and serum creatinine were calculated at 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 month posttransplant. Descriptive statistics were used for patient demographics. Nonparametric comparisons of dd‐cfDNA cumulative distributions between dichotomized groupings were evaluated using Kruskal–Wallis or Mann–Whitney U tests.Results: The median age of recipients was 54.5 years (IQR: 42.7–62.2). The cause of ESRD among recipients was hypertension (43%) and Type II diabetes mellitus (29%). Eighty‐two percentage of patients received a deceased donor allograft, 14% received a living unrelated allograft, and 4% received a living related allograft. Sixteen percentage of recipients experienced delayed graft function (DGF). Median creatinine level at 1 month posttransplant was 1.75 mg/dL (IQR: 1.34–2.26) and median eGFR at 1 month posttransplant was 49.6 mL/min/1.73 m2 (IQR: 35–65). The median dd‐cfDNA score at 1 month posttransplant for all recipients was 0.4% (IQR: 0.15–5.3). Donor sex was a statistically significant differential for dd‐cfDNA score. Recipients from male donors had a significantly higher median dd‐cf DNA score at 1 month posttransplant versus those who received a female kidney (0.57% vs. 0.28%, p < 0.01). Highest median score was recorded at the first month posttransplant (0.4%, IQR: 0.26–0.74), and a sustained downward trend was observed through Month 2 (0.19%, IQR: 0.17–0.31) and Month 3 (0.19%, IQR: 0.15–0.26). Correlation between 1‐, 2‐, 3‐, 6‐, and 12‐month posttransplant median dd‐cfDNA scores between deceased donor and living donor (LRD and LURD) cohorts was not statistically significant.Conclusion: This study provides further insight into donor and recipient variables’ effects on dd‐cfDNA in the early posttransplant phase by analyzing a more diverse cohort of patients and adds to the knowledge around interpreting dd‐cfDNA scores with clinical correlation for posttransplant management.
Posterior Capsular Opacification and Glistening in Hydrophobic Monofocal Biaspheric Intraocular Lens Two Years After Implantation: A Case Control Study
Authors: Hervás-Ontiveros Ana , España-Gregori Enrique , Fresno-Cañada Carlos , Butrón-Ruíz Rodrigo , Cerviño Alejandro 
Published: December 2024

Background: This study aims to analyze the prevalence and severity of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) and glistening in a new hydrophobic biaspheric monofocal intraocular lens (IOLs) 24 months after implantation.Methods: By means of a ambispective, observational, case‐control design, a total of 297 eyes from 200 cataract surgery patients were included in the study (118 females and 82 males; mean age: 72.31 ± 9.87 years, ranging from 35 to 92) and examined at the Hospital Universitario y Politécnico la Fe, Valencia (Spain). Data corresponding to patients implanted with either Asqelio (Study IOL) or Clareon (Control IOL) monofocal IOLs at least 24 months prior to study visit were analyzed. Prevalence and intensity of PCO and IOL glistening were determined and graded for both groups by a single masked observer. Refractive outcomes by autorefractometry, visual acuity, and wavefront aberrations determined by ray tracing were also measured and compared.Results: Prevalence of PCO in patients implanted with the Study IOL 24 months after implantation was 4.0%, lower than that for the Control IOL. Intensity of PCO in both groups was low. One lens in each group presented a Grade 1 glistening after 24 months from implantation. Differences in visual acuity between Study and Control Groups were not significant (p = 0.260 and 0.115 for UDVA and CVA, respectively). Residual spherical aberration was significantly lower in the Study Group than that in the Control Group (p = 0.007).Conclusion: Prevalence of PCO was considerably lower for Asqelio IOL than for the Control IOL and reports available in the literature for other hydrophobic IOLs. Prevalence of glistening was minimal in both study and control IOLs.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04971863
Revealing the Preference Falsification in Russia
Authors: Zhdanov Andrew , Tseitlin Boris 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this study, the authors investigate the phenomenon of the influence of preference falsification in sociological surveys on socially controversial topics in the context of illiberal states. Based on the classical theories of individuals hiding their true views under the influence of public discourse and state policy, the authors test the hypothesis that in Russia the phenomenon of preference falsification affects the responses of citizens, forcing them to postulate more conservative values than those what they really profess. To confirm this hypothesis, the authors replicate the in-person World Values Survey with an online survey conducted via crowdsourcing and compare the results. The clarification of the obtained data is carried out using the Implicit Associative Test. The authors find correlated and predictable differences between results obtained online and those found in the WVS survey, which suggests that preference falsification strongly affects results of field sociological surveys and this effect is absent in surveys conducted online.
The Comparative Study of Prison Officers’ Self-Legitimacy and the Use of Force: Slovenian Experience in Different Periods
Authors: Hacin Rok , Meško Gorazd 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the past, scant attention has been devoted to the nature of relation between self-legitimacy and the use of force in the prison context. The current study focuses on a comparative examination of prison officers’ self-legitimacy and willingness to use force in two time periods. The data were drawn from national samples of prison officers in Slovenia collected in 2016 and 2022. The manova and regression models showed differences in self-legitimacy and its correlates in different periods, supporting the thesis on the unstable nature of legitimacy. Similarly, differences in correlates were identified in testing prison officers’ use of force in different periods. Self-legitimacy had a modest positive influence on the use of force only in one period. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of social context on prison officers’ self-legitimacy and use of force, as well as the complex nature of legitimacy and coercion in prison.
The Padroado Real in Kongo and the Prelude of the Capuchin Missio Antiqua (Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries)
Authors: Mastrogregori Giacomo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article examines the role of the Padroado Real in shaping Portuguese influence over the Kingdom of Kongo, emphasising the complex interplay between religion, politics, and colonialism during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Through the Padroado, the Portuguese Crown maintained control over the ecclesiastical structures of the African kingdom, using religion as a tool for political influence. The paper highlights Kongo’s persistent efforts to establish direct diplomatic relations with the Papacy, aiming to diminish Portuguese dominance over its Church. It also explores how this influenced Rome’s efforts to regain universal authority over the evangelisation process, which culminated in the creation of the Congregation of Propaganda Fide. Finally, it shows the Congregation’s immediate attempts to establish Capuchin Missio Antiqua in Kongo, whose foundation marked Propaganda’s first breach in the territories under the Padroado Real.
The Rise and Fall of a Forgotten Colony: Dutch Angola, 1641–1648
Authors: Herrendorf Florian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The conquest of Luanda by Dutch forces in 1641 marked the beginning of seven years of Dutch West India Company (WIC) rule over parts of Angola. In the historiography, this period is often treated as an interlude that only warrants mention because it ushered in a new phase of Portuguese domination. At the same time, the Company colony of Angola is usually labelled as a natural outgrowth of Dutch activities in Brazil, meriting little scholarly attention. By examining the reasons behind the WIC’s decision to capture Luanda and looking into the causes of the fall of Dutch Angola, this article will provide a long-overdue account of the history of this neglected territory and demonstrate the shortcomings of traditional explanations of the colony’s demise. As it turns out, local colonial mismanagement was at the root of Angola’s failure.
The Meinecke’s Archive at the Museum für Islamische Kunst in Berlin: Highlighting a Substantial Unpublished Source on the Mamluk Architecture in Cairo
Authors: Hesham Eman Shokry 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
A significant part of the unpublished archive of Michael Meinecke and Viktoria Meinecke-Berg in the Museum für Islamische Kunst in Berlin is about Historic Cairo, its monuments, and its urban context. This article aims to highlight its components and reflect on its potential as a rich source of photographic records and scholarly discussions for further research in the history of Islamic art and architecture. Focusing on the Mamluk era of the extended period this archive covers, the author shows several examples of the different ways in which this archive is relevant and can be used.
Nuṭq salīm: the Key Role of Correct Pronunciation in the Teaching of Arabic as a Foreign Language
Authors: Facchin Andrea 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
By examining theories and a select number of textbooks, the paper analyzes how scholars and educators of Arab origin have stressed the importance of correct pronunciation (nuṭq salīm or ṣaḥīḥ) in the Teaching of Arabic as a Foreign Language (TAFL) and partly in Arabic L1 education. In this light, the study examines where the concept of pronunciation accuracy has originated and discusses the main theoretical claims and practical applications formulated by a select number of scholars, representative of the scientific literature.
“Babylonish” Captivity of the African Church
Authors: Nwadialor Kanayo 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Babylonish captivity of the African church is used in this paper as a metaphorical or symbolic phrase to describe the impact of European colonialism on the African church. African Christianity experienced a great upheaval during the period of colonization following the European partitioning of Africa in 1885. European missionaries often sought to Christianize African populations and used Christianity as a tool for control and cultural assimilation. This paper explores how colonial Christianity brought about religious, cultural, economic and political subjugation dubbed “Babylonish Captivity”; stripping Africans of their autonomy and independence, and forced them to adhere to foreign norms; and how this period of colonization shaped the African church; leading to the deconstruction of missionary paternalism; culminating in the call for a moratorium in 1971; and how this sought to reclaim the African Christian voice as a powerful form of liberation both in the political and religious landscape of the continent.
The Silent Warrior
Authors: Robinson W. Terry , Hughey Matthew W. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
George Wendell Goodman (1901–1981) was an African American racial equality and civil rights activist and member of the Bahá’í Faith. Goodman held positions in the Urban League, Fisk University, the Red Cross during wwii, and across varied Black newspapers and radio stations, as well as being elected and appointed to positions across the American Bahá’í religious community. Despite these realities, little extant scholarship examines Goodman’s life, largess, and legacy, or, for the focus of this paper, how his racial and religious commitments were co-constitutive. Pulling from a diverse array of media accounts, archives, published material, and interviews, we thus aim to rescue an important figure in both Black civil rights and American religious history from relative obscurity and in so doing demonstrate how Goodman was, as the editors of the Washington Afro-American described him in 1941, a “Silent Warrior …. Because he has fought a consistent up-hill battle against great odds, and has succeeded, without fanfare.”