bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The p62/Keap1/Nrf2 axis in the control of C-2 induced human gastric cancer cell death switching between autophagy and apoptosis
Authors: Wang ZhenYa , Guo Yong , Zhang En , Ban QianHong , Wang MengLin , Wu XinXin , Yu Lu , Liu Lu , Yu HaiYang , Kim Gi-Young , Choi YungHyun , Xu YiChao , Xu HongDe , Jin Cheng-Yun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Compound C-2 is a derivative of natural product Jaspine B and possesses anti-cancer activity against bladder cancer cells. However, little is known about its anti-cancer activity against gastric cancer. In this research, mechanism underlying anti-cancer effect of C-2 in gastric cancer cells was well investigated.
Methods

Anti-cancer activities of C-2 were determined by MTT, western blotting and flow cytometry. A serial of specific inhibitors, immunoprecipitation, siRNA and immunofluorescence were utilized to explore signaling pathways affected by C-2.
Results

C-2 induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells through the internal mitochondrial pathway, and triggers autophagy in gastric cancer cells through JNK/ERK pathway. Phosphorylated JNK/ERK further activates Beclin1 via disturbing Beclin-1/Bcl-xL or Beclin-1/Bcl-2 complexes, leading to autophagy and up-regulated p62. Next, p62 competitively binds keap1 to release Nrf2, thus promoting translocation of Nrf2 from cytoplasm to nucleus and triggering expression of Nrf2 target genes. Pharmacological inhibition or knockdown of key proteins in autophagy attenuates C-2 induced cell apoptosis, indicating that autophagy antagonizes cell apoptosis induced by C-2.
Conclusion

C-2 possesses anti-tumor activity against gastric cancer cells, while C-2 triggered-autophagy antagonizes cell arrest and apoptosis induced by C-2 by upregulating Nrf2 in nucleus.
Prevalence of Neonatal Mortality and Its Associated Factor among Neonates Who Admitted In Neonatal Intensive Care Unit At Debre Tabor General Hospital, South Gondar, Amhara, Ethiopia
Authors: Demis Solomon kebede , Munye Tigabu , Munye Biniam 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundNeonatal mortality is the death of newborn babies from the time of birth to 28 completed days of life which are the most vulnerable time for a child's survival. About one million of them passed away on their first day of life, and more than two thirds (38%) of the deaths were in sub-Saharan Africa where Ethiopia is one of the countries with the highest neonatal mortality in the world which accounts for 29 deaths per 1,000 live births.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and associated factors of neonatal mortality among neonates admitted in Debre Tabor General Hospital in South Gondar, Ethiopia.MethodsInstitutional based retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted from November 1, 2018, up to January 30, 2019, in Debre Tabor General Hospital. A Structured interviewer-administered pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data. The collected data were entered into Epi data version 4.2 and then exported into SPSS window version 24. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was undertaken and information was presented by using simple frequency tables, graphs, and pie charts.Resultthe prevalence of neonatal mortality was found to be 12.3%. Gestational age group 28–32 weeks (AOR = 9.5, 95% CI: 2.39–37.97), Gestational Age beyond 42 weeks (AOR = 4.6, 95% CI: 6.3–33.8), and forceps delivery (AOR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.05–0.68) were found to be statistically significant.Conclusion and recommendationNeonatal mortality was higher than the national with independently associated factors of prematurity and post maturity while forceps delivery as a preventive factor. Therefore, this might be essential to the hospital NICU to plan for managing prematurity and post maturity in better quality as well as providing quality ANC and identifying most predisposing factors for prematurity.
Comparing the Results of Treatment Methods of Casting and Bandage of Ankle Sprain in the Patients Who Referred to the Emergency Department of Poursina Hospital in the First Half of Year 2019
Authors: Cyrus Khashayar , Khoshghalb Masoud Fallah , Asadi Kamran 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study is a comparative survey of the effect of casting and bandage treatments in ankle sprain in order to be effective in determining the more desirable method for returning the patients to work and activities as fast as possible especially in important sport activities. Methods: In this study the referents to Emergency Department of Poursina hospital whose diagnosis was ankle sprain and needed treatment have been used. The patients who have been examined, categorised based on Clanton and Mcgravey classification and the intensity of ligaments injury in type II, group II, type A. (type II: unstable ankle with positive anterior drawer test or positive talar tilt test or both, group II: athlete or high demand patient, type A: negative radiographic stress test; functional treatment). The patients who had necessary criteria to enter this study have been divided into two groups A (casting) and B (bandage) randomly. Then, they have been re-examined after 3, 6 and 12 weeks of treatment and their cast or bandage has been removed and re-examined and the results of treatment have been assessed and compared in terms of total treatment or recurrent sprain and returning to work and activities and pain intensity. Results: Pain intensity based on VAS had lower average in cast group comparing to bandage group after 3 and 6 weeks and this difference was statistically significant. AHS criterion in both groups had the same average after 3, 6 and 12 weeks. Activity restriction time was lower in cast group comparing to bandage group significantly. Conclusions: This study showed that cast therapy led to reduction of activity restriction time and consequently fast returning to work and daily activities, but in bandage group pain intensity reduced faster.
Syncytin-1 Expression is Increased in Skeletal Muscle of Humans with Obesity and is Inversely Correlated to Muscle Protein Synthesis
Authors: Ravichandran Jayachandran , Roust Lori R , Katsanos Christos 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Various pathophysiological conditions alter protein metabolism in skeletal muscle, with obesity being one of them. Obesity impairs regeneration of skeletal muscle, and the same biological mechanism(s) may adversely affect protein metabolism in the muscle of these individuals. Methods: We used C2C12 cell line to evaluate the effects of the anabolic hormone insulin on the expression of protein syncytin-1, which regulates regeneration of muscle, and in the presence of fatty acids whose metabolism is altered in obesity. We used muscle biopsy samples from obese humans with lower muscle protein synthesis and lean controls to evaluate expression of syncytin-1 in obesity and its correlation with protein synthesis in muscle. Results: Insulin upregulated syncytin-1 expression in C2C12 cells and this response was impaired in the presence of the fatty acid palmitate, but not oleate. Expression of the protein 4E-BP1, which signals increase in protein synthesis in muscle, showed response similar to that of syncytin-1. Humans with obesity characterized by lower muscle protein synthesis had higher expression of syncytin-1 in muscle compared to lean humans (P < 0.01). The rate of synthesis of protein in skeletal muscle across humans subjects correlated inversely (r = -0.51; P = 0.03) with the expression of syncytin-1 in muscle. Conclusions: Our studies provide novel insights in the regulation of syncytin-1 in skeletal muscle, and describe potential link between syncytin-1 expression and protein metabolism in skeletal muscle of humans. Altered syncytin-1 expression in muscle may mediate lower protein turnover in muscle of humans with obesity.
Variations in Hybrid Combinations Lead to Differences in Mitochondrial Inheritance
Authors: Luo Liming , Zou Qiting , Liang Junneng , Luo Yongju , Yin Qinglang , Li Liuqing , Zhang Xiaojin , Tan Wufang , Wei Qiyu , Han Zhuojun , Zhang Jingyi , Wang Jingjie , Zhang Xu , Xiao Jun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundWhile tilapia are the second most farmed group of fish in the world, the Oreochromis niloticus (♀) × Oreochromis aureus (♂) hybrid is one of the most frequently observed tilapia crosses in China. Based on its conservative nature and maternal inheritance pattern, mitochondrial DNA is often used in kinship analysis. Evidence of paternal inheritance has been noted in some animal species. ResultsThe mitochondrial CoI and Cytb genes, and D-loop gene regions of Oreochromis niloticus and Oreochromis aureus fish were sequenced and aligned to their orthogonal and backcrossed offspring. As evidence of paternal mitochondria DNA inheritance was found, the whole mitochondrial genome was then sequenced. Results showed that in the Oreochromis niloticus (♀) × Oreochromis aureus (♂) hybrids, certain fish shared 92.88% of the maternal mitochondria genome, and 99.86% with the paternal mitochondria genome. This implied that there was paternal mtDNA inheritance. However, all Oreochromis niloticus (♂) × Oreochromis aureus (♀) hybrids had 100% identical mitochondria genome with their female parent. ConclusionsThe study showed that while paternal mtDNA inheritance occurred in the Oreochromis niloticus (♀) × Oreochromis aureus (♂) hybrid, this did not happen in Oreochromis niloticus (♂) × Oreochromis aureus (♀) offspring. This implies that in hybrid species, different hybridization combinations might provide an explanation for paternal mtDNA inheritance pattern.
Identifying Prognostic Factors of Severe Metabolic Acidosis and Acute Kidney Injury in African Children with Severe Falciparum Malaria: A Secondary Analysis of A Randomised Trial
Authors: Mzumara Grace Wezi , Leopold Stije Stije , Marsh Kevin , Dondorp Arjen , Ohuma Eric , Mukaka Mavuto 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
IntroductionSevere metabolic acidosis and acute kidney injury are major causes of mortality in children with severe malaria but are often underdiagnosed in low resource settings. MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of the ‘Artesunate vs Quinine in the treatment of severe falciparum malaria in African children’ (AQUAMAT) trial to identify clinical features of severe metabolic acidosis and acute kidney injury in 5425 children from nine African countries. Separate models were fitted for acute kidney injury and severe metabolic acidosis. Separate univariable and multivariable logistic regression were performed to identify prognostic factors for severe metabolic acidosis (SMA) and acute kidney injury (AKI). Both analyses adjusted for the trial arm. A forward selection approach was used for model building of the logistic models and a threshold of 5% statistical significance was used for inclusion of variables into the final logistic model. Model performance was assessed through calibration, discrimination, and internal validation with bootstrapping. ResultsThere were 2296 children identified with Severe metabolic acidosis and 1110 with Acute Kidney Injury. Prognostic features of SMA among them were: deep breathing (OR: 5.41, CI: 4.26 – 6.89), hypoglycaemia (OR: 5.22, CI: 3.80 – 7.18), AKI (OR: 3.99, CI: 3.30 – 4.81), coma ( OR: 1.79 CI: 1.36 – 2.35), respiratory distress (OR: 1.49, CI: 1.21 – 1.83), prostration (OR: 1.64 CI: 1.30 – 2.03) and severe anaemia (OR: 1.40, CI: 1.11 – 1.77). Features associated with AKI were; older children(OR: 1.20, CI: 1.15 – 1.25), coma (2.47, CI: 1.78 – 3.42), Prostration (OR: 1.52 CI: 1.14 – 2.02), decompensated shock (OR: 1.74, CI: 1.15 – 2.63), black water fever (CI: 1.81. CI: 1.22 – 2.69), jaundice (OR: 3.31 CI: 2.01 – 5.47), SMA (OR: 4.02 CI:3.30 – 4.89), mild anaemia (OR: 1.36, CI: 1.05 – 1.76), severe anaemia (OR: 1.48, CI: 1.11 – 1.96), hypoglycaemia (OR: 2.02, CI: 1.58 – 2.59), hypernatremia (OR: 5.74, CI: 2.69 – 12.26) and hyperkalaemia (OR: 5.31. CI: 4.15 – 6.80). ConclusionClinical and laboratory parameters representing contributors and consequences of severe metabolic acidosis and acute kidney injury were independently associated with these outcomes. The model can be useful for identifying patients at high risk of these complications where laboratory assessments are not routinely available.
20-Hydroxyeiscosatetraenoic Acid May Be as a Predictor of Malignant Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction in Patients With Massive Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction
Authors: Yi Xingyang , Zhou Qiang , Qing Ting , Ming Bing , Lin Jing , Li Jie , Lin Jie 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
BackgroundEarly identification of massive middle cerebral artery infarction (MCAI) at risk for malignant MCAI (m-MCAI) may be useful in selecting patients for aggressive therapies. The aim of this study was to determine whether CYP metabolites may help to predict impending m-MCAI.MethodsThis is a prospective, two-center observational study in 256 patients with acute massive MCAI. Plasma levels of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids were measured at admission. Brain computed tomography (CT) was performed at admission and repeated between days 3 and 7, or earlier if there was neurological deterioration. The primary outcome was m-MCAI. m-MCAI was diagnosed when follow-up brain CT detected a more than two-thirds space-occupying MCAI with midline shift, compression of the basal cisterns, and neurological worsening.ResultsAmong 256 patients, 77 (30.1%) developed m-MCAI, 60 (77.9%) patients with m-MCAI died during 3 months of stroke onset. 20-HETE level on admission was significantly higher in patients with m-MCAI than those without m-MCAI. There was an increase in the risk of m-MCAI with increase of 20-HETE levels. The third and fourth quartiles of 20-HETE levels were independent predictors of m-MCAI (OR: 2.86; 95% CI: 1.16 – 6.68; P=0.025, and OR: 4.23; 95% CI: 1.35 – 8.26; P=0.002, respectively).ConclusionsIncidence of m-MCAI was high in patients with massive MCAI and the prognosis of m-MCAI is very poor. Elevated plasma 20-HETE may be as a predictor for m-MCAI in acute massive MCAI, and it might useful in clinical practice in therapeutic decision making.
Environmental Impact of Land-use Changes and Soil Loss on Coastal Coral Reef Cover: Study Case in the Small Tropical Island, Indonesia
Authors: Mulyono Asep , Djuwansah Muhammad Rahman , Narulita Ida , Putra Risandi Dwirama , Surinati Dewi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Over 24% of coral reefs in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia, experience damage from development in coastal areas by coastal construction, land conversion, beach nourishment, and port construction. The rapid economic development activities around the coast of Bintan Island impact the extraction of natural resources and reduction of the coral reefs cover. A comprehensive study to determine the temporal change in land use and estimate the rate of soil loss and its effects on coral reef cover is needed. There has been a change in land use for five years (2014-2018) on the east coast of Bintan Island, and the average percentage of coral reef cover is in the fair category (<50%). The land-use changes have resulted in soil loss that varies each year. Apart from land-use changes, the factor of rainfall is one of the causes of soil loss. Soil loss is generated from cultivated lands due to the lack of conservation techniques. In east Bintan island, mixed garden, plantation, and bare land area with dense canopy cover contributed increasing of soil loss. The contribution of soil loss to hard coral reefs as a result of land use changes from high to low is soil erosion > soil sediment > surface run-off.
Hydrochemical Characteristics of Groundwater - Assessment of Saltwater Intrusion Along Krishna Godavari Delta Region, Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Rajaiah Kannan , naidu K.Appala , Kanungo Abhrankash , Murty M.V.Ramana , Ramana K.V. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The Intrusion of saltwater into a freshwater aquifer is of particular concern to the coastal community. Removal of excess groundwater from the shallow aquifers is known to be the primary cause of contamination by saltwater. In this study, groundwater samples were obtained in the 2016 and 2017 pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons at 105 locations from dug wells and bore wells along the coast of Andhra Pradesh in the Krishna and Godavari deltas. Groundwater samples are tested for large ions to determine the infiltration of salt water and to classify the salinity sources in the delta zone. The Various hydro-geochemical parameters such as pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, CO3, HCO3-, Cl-, and SO42- are evaluated for the delineation of the intrusion of saltwater in terms of Ca2+/ Mg2+, Cl-/(CO3+ HCO3-), Na+/Cl- ratios. It is reported that the availability of fresh groundwater is 14%and 62% respectively during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. The percentage levels of contamination in groundwater for slight, moderate, injuriously, highly, and severely categories are 43%, 22%, 12%, 8%, and 1% respectively for pre-monsoon season. However, during the post-monsoon season, the levels of contaminations in the above- mentioned categories are 22%, 9%, 4%, 1%, and 3%. The extent of contamination during the post-monsoon season is observed to be lower than during the pre-monsoon. The groundwater ratio of Na+- Cl− during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons is 71%and 60% respectively. The Saltwater Mixing Index (SMI) is also measured, and extremely high is found.
Comparative Adsorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) by MCM-48 and amine- Grafted MCM-48 in Single and Binary Component Systems
Authors: Vatandous Hadi , Younesi Habibollah , Mehraban Zahra , Heidari Ava , Khakpourd Hussein 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
MCM-48 were prepared using hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and TEOS and modified with N1-(3-Trimethoxy silylpropyl) diethylenetriamine by post-synthesis method, in order to develop efficient adsorbent for heavy metal adsorption. These materials were determined by X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption–desorption measurement and Scanning Electron Microscopy. The results show that the modification of MCM-48 resulted in decrease in the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and total pore volume. Batch adsorption technique in single and multi-component system was used in this study. The influence of experimental parameters was investigated and the results indicated that amine attached MCM-48 indicated higher adsorption efficiency for metal ions than MCM-48. Langmuier and Freundlich models modeled the equilibrium data in single system; whereas two component data fitted to the extended Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm, single system) of NH2-NH-NH-MCM-48 for cadmium and lead was 82.7 mg g− 1 and 119.24 mg g− 1, respectively. In both adsorption systems, the affinity of NH2-NH-NH-MCM-48 for cadmium was greater than that for lead.
Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Genes Identified by Integrative Analysis of Gene Expression Data
Authors: Zeng Chunyan , Zhu Yin , Chen Youxiang 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common digestive disease. A better understanding of the biology and molecular pathogenesis of AP may provide the basis for the prevention and therapy of AP.Methods The gene expression datasets GSE109227, GSE3644 and GSE65146, which included gene expression profiles of pancreas samples from AP and control mice, were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. All differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using GEO2R and annotated using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. Results Thirty-eight DEGs were found to overlap among the three datasets. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed; hub proteins were identified; and functional modules were extracted. Three genes (Cdh1, Iqgap1 and Actn4), which are involved in the adherens junction pathway, were identified using PPI analysis and may provide potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of AP.Conclusions We will further study the effects of the Cdh1, Iqgap1 and Actn4 genes on the occurrence and development of acute pancreatitis, which may provide new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of AP.
Effect of Delayed Surgical Resection of Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma on Survival Outcomes In Elderly Patients and Prediction of Clinical Models
Authors: He Yongfei , Liang Tianyi , Mo Shutian , Chen Zijun , Zhao Shuqi , Zhou Xin , Yan Liping , Wang Xiangkun , Su Hao , Zhu Guangzhi , Han Chuangye , Peng Tao 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The effect of time delay from diagnosis to surgery on the prognosis of elderly patients with liver cancer is not well known. We investigated the effect of surgical timing on the prognosis of elderly hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing surgical resection and constructed a Nomogram model to predict the overall survival of patients.Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on elderly patients with primary liver cancer after hepatectomy from 2012 to 2018. The effect of surgical timing on the prognosis of elderly patients with liver cancer was analyzed using the cut-off times of 18 days, 30 days, and 60 days. Cox was used to analyze the independent influencing factors of overall survival in patients, and a prognostic model was constructed.Results: A total of 232 elderly hepatocellular carcinoma patients who underwent hepatectomy were enrolled in this study. The cut-off times of 18, 30, and 60 days were used. The duration of surgery had no significant effect on overall survival. Body Mass Index, Child-Pugh classification, Tumor size Max, and Length of stay were independent influencing factors for overall survival in the elderly Liver cancer patients after surgery. These factors combined with Liver cirrhosis and Venous tumor emboli were incorporated into a Nomogram. The nomogram was validated using the clinical data of the study patients, and exhibited better prediction for 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival.Conclusion: We demonstrated that the operative time has no significant effect on delayed operation in the elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, and a moderate delay may benefit some patients. The constructed Nomogram model is a good predictor of overall survival in elderly patients with hepatectomy.
Type of GI Provider Does Not Affect Rates of Vaccination Amongst Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients
Authors: Trivedi Mehul , Malik Neena , Kwah Joann 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background:Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) are at heightened risk of infection, and are often under vaccinated. At our institution, IBD patients may follow up with one of three gastroenterology (GI) providers: IBD specialists, GI Fellows and General GI providers. Aims: Our primary objective was to identify whether the type of GI provider had an effect on rates of vaccinations for IBD patients. The seven vaccines studied were listed in the American College of Gastroenterology’s 2017 Guidelines on Preventative Care in IBD, and include Influenza, Tetanus/Diphtheria/Pertussis, Hepatitis A (HAV), Hepatitis B (HBV), Pneumococcus (PCV13 and PPSV23), Meningococcus, and Human Papillomavirus (HPV).Methods:Retrospective case control study of IBD patients, looking at vaccination rates for each of the seven vaccinations listed above, and type of GI provider followed. Other data collected included patient demographics, IBD type, treatment regimen and insurance.Results:Of 338 IBD patients, 65 (19.2%) followed up with a GI fellow, 110 (32.5%) with a general GI provider, and 163 (48.2%) with an IBD specialist. HBV was the only vaccine with a significant difference in vaccination rate by type of provider. Bivariate analysis showed that patients who followed with IBD specialists and GI fellows were more likely to be vaccinated for HBV than patients who followed up with general GI provider (OR = 2.55, p = .003 and OR = 2.73, p = .007 respectively).Conclusion Type of GI provider only impacted rates of vaccination for HBV among IBD patients in this study, with IBD specialists and GI fellows outperforming general GI providers.