bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a Dopamine‐Modified Magnetic Nano‐flower Material for the Solid Phase Extraction of Cyromazine and Melamine in Food Samples
Authors: Feng Xiangzhi , Li Yuanyuan , Yang Yuanyuan , Ma Yulong , Chen Tong , Ji Wenxin , Sun Yonggang , Chen Yang 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis work reported a simple method to prepare MGO@PDA@MoS2 nano‐flower by in situ growth of MoS2 on the poly‐dopamine (PDA) modified Fe3O4@GO (MGO) nanosheets. The novel material was composed of PDA modified MGO nanosheets and flower‐like MoS2 microspheres which two‐dimension ultrathin MoS2 nanosheets were grown in situ on the surface of MGO@PDA and self‐assembled. The material could be used as a new adsorbent for magnetic solid phase extraction (m‐SPE). The nano‐composite was characterized by TG, VSM, SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS and FT‐IR. The extraction parameters were investigated, including initial concentration, extraction time, pH, ionic strength and desorption conditions. The adsorption behaviors of the material were explored via isotherm and kinetic adsorption experiments, which demonstrated that Langmuir adsorption isotherm model and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model were more appropriate to describe the adsorption process on MGO@PDA@MoS2. A rapid, safe, sensitive, easy, and effective method has been developed for detecting cyromazine and melamine simultaneously in real samples including beef, protein powder and milk by combining with HPLC. Under optimized conditions, the proposed method has a good trueness, wide linear range of 0.1‐100 μg mL−1, low limits of detection (LOD), satisfactory repeatability and reproducibility. Excellent recoveries for the determination of cyromazine and melamine were obtained in spiked real samples. In a word, the nano‐composite material has the advantages of magnetic separation and high adsorption affinity for cyromazine and melamine, and it is a promising adsorbent for extracting cyromazine and melamine from real samples.
Nanostructured Lateral Boryl Substitution Conjugated Donor–Acceptor Oligomers for Visible‐Light‐Driven Hydrogen Production
Authors: Wei Qiuyu , Yao Xiaoqiang , Zhang Qianqian , Yan Pengji , Ru Chenglong , Li Chunfeng , Tao Chunlan , Wang Wei , Han Dongfang , Han Dongxue , Niu Li , Qin Dongdong , Pan Xiaobo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPoor charge separation is the main factor that limits the photocatalytic hydrogen generation efficiency of organic conjugated polymers. In this work, a series of linear donor–acceptor (D–A) type oligomers are synthesized by a palladium‐catalyzed Sonogashira–Hagihara coupling of electron‐deficient diborane unit and different dihalide substitution sulfur functionalized monomers. Such diborane‐based A unit exerts great impact on the resulting oligomers, including distinct semiconductor characters with isolated lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) orbits locating in diborane‐containing fragment, and elevated LUMO level higher than water reduction potential. Relative to A‐A type counterpart, the enhanced dipole polarization effect in D–A oligomers facilitates separation of photogenerated charge carriers, as evidenced by notably prolonged electron lifetime. Owing to π–π stacking of rigid backbone, the oligomers can aggregate into an interesting 2D semicrystalline nanosheet (≈2.74 nm), which is rarely reported in linear polymeric photocatalysts prepared by similar carbon–carbon coupling reaction. Despite low surface area (30.3 m2 g−1), such ultrathin nanosheet D–A oligomer offers outstanding visible light (λ > 420 nm) hydrogen evolution rate of 833 µmol g−1 h−1, 14 times greater than its A‐A analogue (61 µmol g−1 h−1). The study highlights the great potential of using boron element to construct D–A type oligomers for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation.
Improving the Stability of Low‐Fat Mayonnaise Formulated with Octenyl Succinic Starch by Adding Acetylated Distarch Phosphate
Authors: Yu Bin , Liu Chenglong , Cui Bo , Zhao Haibo , Tao Haiteng , Liu Pengfei 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this study, acetylated distarch phosphate (ADP) is used as a stabilizer to replace gums in low‐fat mayonnaise (LFM) containing octenyl succinic starch (OSS). Thereafter, the texture, rheology, and stability of the prepared LFM are investigated. ADP adversely affected the color of LFM, while improving its textural properties. Sensory evaluation shows no statistical difference in acceptability between full‐fat mayonnaise (FFM) and LFM samples containing ADP. All mayonnaise samples exhibit shear‐thinning behavior and ADP enhances the yield stress of the LFM. Dynamic rheology analysis indicates that the storage and loss modulus of LFM depend on its ADP content and that the mayonnaise samples exhibit “weak gel” properties. It is confirmed that ADP caused a decrease in the droplet size by using optical microscopy. The storage test suggested that the emulsion stability of LFM is significantly improved by the addition of ADP and is higher than that of FFM in terms of long‐term storage. Altogether, the study findings demonstrate that ADP has great potential for use in the production of high‐quality LFM and ADP content is important in the formulation of mayonnaise recipes.
High perturbations of quasilinear problems with double criticality
Authors: Alves Claudianor O. , Garain Prashanta , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the qualitative analysis of solutions to the following class of quasilinear problems $$\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} -\Delta _{\Phi }u=f(x,u) &{}\quad \text {in } \Omega ,\\ u=0 &{}\quad \text {on }\partial \Omega , \end{array} \right. \end{aligned}$$

-

Δ
Φ

u
=
f

(
x
,
u
)

in

Ω
,

u
=
0

on

∂
Ω
,

where $$\Delta _{\Phi }u=\mathrm{div}\,(\varphi (x,|\nabla u|)\nabla u)$$

Δ
Φ

u
=

div

(
φ
(
x
,
|
∇
u
|
)
∇
u
)

and $$\Phi (x,t)=\int _{0}^{|t|}\varphi (x,s)s\,ds$$

Φ

(
x
,
t
)

=

∫

0

|
t
|

φ

(
x
,
s
)

s

d
s

is a generalized N-function. We assume that $$\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^N$$

Ω
⊂

R

N

is a smooth bounded domain that contains two open regions $$\Omega _N,\Omega _p$$

Ω
N

,

Ω
p

with $${\overline{\Omega }}_N \cap {\overline{\Omega }}_p=\emptyset $$

Ω
¯

N

∩

Ω
¯

p

=
∅

. The features of this paper are that $$-\Delta _{\Phi }u$$

-

Δ
Φ

u

behaves like $$-\Delta _N u $$

-

Δ
N

u

on $$\Omega _N$$

Ω
N

and $$-\Delta _p u $$

-

Δ
p

u

on $$\Omega _p$$

Ω
p

, and that the growth of $$f:\Omega \times {\mathbb {R}} \rightarrow {\mathbb {R}}$$

f
:
Ω
×
R
→
R

is like that of $$e^{\alpha |t|^{\frac{N}{N-1}}}$$

e

α
|
t
|

N

N
-
1

on $$\Omega _N$$

Ω
N

and as $$|t|^{p^{*}-2}t$$

|
t
|

p

∗

-
2

t

on $$\Omega _p$$

Ω
p

when |t| is large enough. The main result establishes the existence of solutions in a suitable Musielak–Sobolev space in the case of high perturbations with respect to the values of a positive parameter.
Exiguous premeal saccharide intake reduces subsequent food intake in men
Authors: Richter Juliane , Thordsen Narona , Duysen Kai , Oltmanns Kerstin M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Satiety is a crucial factor in the attempt to reduce food intake for long-term body weight loss. Since there is evidence for a negative correlation between cerebral energy levels and food intake, the provision of the primary energy substrate glucose to the brain through oral ingestion of carbohydrates could trigger feelings of satiety. Therefore, we hypothesized that a low-calorie saccharide preload would increase satiety, reduce subsequent food intake, and thereby decrease overall calorie consumption.

Methods
In a randomized single-blind crossover study, 17 healthy young normal-weight men received saccharide (26 kcal in total) or placebo capsules 30 min before a standardized breakfast buffet. We analysed food intake from the test buffet as well as plasma glucose and serum insulin levels.

Results
The saccharide preload reduced food intake from the buffet by 168 (± 34) kcal (p < 0.001) compared to control. This corresponds to a net reduction in total calorie consumption by 142 (± 34) kcal (p < 0.001) or 9.3% due to saccharide capsules.

Conclusion
A very low-calorie saccharide preload considerably reduces subsequent food intake leading to decreased overall calorie consumption. A saccharide preload before meals could, therefore, be a promising support for reducing caloric intake.

German Clinical Trials Register
DRKS00010281 (date of registration: 11.04.2016)
Is corporate governance of private equity targets more effective for risk mitigation?
Authors: Marini Vladimiro , Caratelli Massimo , Stella Gian Paolo , Barbaraci Ilaria 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPrivate equity is a source of finance and a governance device characterised by active monitoring through sponsors that intervene in targets’ corporate governance. As sponsors are skilled and motivated acquirors, we investigated whether corporate governance mechanisms mitigate leveraged targets’ risk of financial distress differently compared to non-acquired companies through the lenses of agency theory and resource-based theories. We found that targets and non-acquired companies are not significantly different in terms of corporate governance features, but sponsors are skilled enough to choose corporate governance members to mitigate risk more, especially when boards are smaller, have busier industry expert directors, and mandate execution to more managers. These results can be useful to targets, targets’ investors and lenders, and policymakers.
La Date de Composition de la Bible des sept Estaz du monde de Geufroi de Paris
Authors: Szirmai Julia C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAmong the biblical poems edited by the Équipe de Leyde (founded by Jean-Robert Smeets in 1962), the only text that remained to be studied was the Bible des sept Estaz du monde by Geufroi de Paris. An extensive project, for the text comprises nearly 22.000 verses. Until now, the researchers who examined Geufroi’s Bible have accepted the composition date of 1243 provided by the manuscript on fol. 187rob, where, in the epilogue of his text, Geufroi asserts to have written his Bible at that date. To support that claim, they based their research mainly on the texts that Geufroi used for the composition of his New Testament, especially the narration of the life of Mary (from the Conception till the Assumption). However, the study of the sources for the Bible’s Old Testament (of which we are actually preparing the edition) leads us to another conclusion.
The CARESSES Randomised Controlled Trial: Exploring the Health-Related Impact of Culturally Competent Artificial Intelligence Embedded Into Socially Assistive Robots and Tested in Older Adult Care Homes
Authors: Papadopoulos Chris , Castro Nina , Nigath Abiha , Davidson Rosemary , Faulkes Nicholas , Menicatti Roberto , Khaliq Ali Abdul , Recchiuto Carmine , Battistuzzi Linda , Randhawa Gurch , Merton Len , Kanoria Sanjeev , Chong Nak-Young , Kamide Hiroko , Hewson David , Sgorbissa Antonio 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis trial represents the final stage of the CARESSES project which aimed to develop and evaluate a culturally competent artificial intelligent system embedded into social robots to support older adult wellbeing. A parallel group, single-blind randomised controlled trial was conducted across older adult care homes in England and Japan. Participants randomly allocated to the Experimental Group or Control Group 1 received a Pepper robot for up 18 h across 2 weeks. Two versions of the CARESSES artificial intelligence were tested: a fully culturally competent system (Experimental Group) and a more limited version (Control Group 1). Control Group 2 (Care As Usual) participants did not receive a robot. Quantitative outcomes of interest reported in the current paper were health-related quality of life (SF-36), loneliness (ULS-8), and perceptions of robotic cultural competence (CCATool-Robotics). Thirty-three residents completed all procedures. The difference in SF-36 Emotional Wellbeing scores between Experimental Group and Care As Usual participants over time was significant (F[1] = 6.614, sig = .019, ηp2 = .258), as was the comparison between Any Robot used and Care As Usual (F[1] = 5.128, sig = .031, ηp2 = .146). There were no significant changes in SF-36 physical health subscales. ULS-8 loneliness scores slightly improved among Experimental and Control Group 1 participants compared to Care As Usual participants, but this was not significant. This study brings new evidence which cautiously supports the value of culturally competent socially assistive robots in improving the psychological wellbeing of older adults residing in care settings.
Porcine Blood and Liver as Sporadic Sources of Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) in the Production Chain of Offal-Derived Foodstuffs in Poland
Authors: Bigoraj E. , Paszkiewicz W. , Rzeżutka A. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPig’s blood and liver are valuable edible slaughter by-products which are also the major ingredients of offal-derived foodstuffs. The aim of the study was an evaluation of the occurrence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) and porcine adenovirus (pAdV) as an index virus of faecal contamination in pig’s blood and liver for human consumption. In total, 246 samples of retail liver (n = 100) and pooled pig’s blood (n = 146) were analysed for the presence of HEV and pAdV. Blood samples were individually collected from 1432 pigs at slaughter age. Viral genomic material, including RNA of a sample process control virus was isolated from food samples using a QIAamp® Viral RNA Mini Kit. Virus-specific IAC-controlled real-time PCR methods were used for detection of target viruses. HEV RNA was found in 6 (2.4%; 95% CI: 0.9–5.2) out of 246 samples of tested foodstuffs. The virus was detected in pig’s blood (3.4%; 95% CI: 1.1–7.8) and liver (1.0%; 95% CI: 0.0–5.0) with no significant differences observed in the frequency of its occurrence between the two by-products (t = 1.33; p = 0.182 > 0.05); however PAdV was detected more frequently in pig’s blood than in liver (t = 4.65; p = 0.000 < 0.05). The HEV strains belonged to the 3f and 3e subtype groups and the pAdV strains were assigned to serotype 5. PAdV was detected in pigs regardless of the farm size from which they originated. The number of animals raised on the farm (the farm size) had no influence on the occurrence of HEV or pAdV infections in pigs (F = 0.81, p = 0.447 > 0.05 for HEV; F = 0.42, p = 0.655 > 0.05 for pAdV). Although HEV was detected in pig’s offal only sporadically, consumers cannot treat its occurrence with disregard as it demonstrates that HEV-contaminated pig tissues can enter the food chain.
Ferroptosis, radiotherapy, and combination therapeutic strategies
Authors: Lei Guang , Mao Chao , Yan Yuelong , Zhuang Li , Gan Boyi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractFerroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by peroxidative damages of polyunsaturated-fatty-acid-containing phospholipids in cellular membranes, has recently been revealed to play an important role in radiotherapy-induced cell death and tumor suppression, and to mediate the synergy between radiotherapy and immunotherapy. In this review, we summarize known as well as putative mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between radiotherapy and ferroptosis, discuss the interactions between ferroptosis and other forms of regulated cell death induced by radiotherapy, and explore combination therapeutic strategies targeting ferroptosis in radiotherapy and immunotherapy. This review will provide important frameworks for future investigations of ferroptosis in cancer therapy.
Metabolic Regulation of Stem Cells in Aging
Authors: Keller Andrea , Temple Tyus , Sayanjali Behnam , Mihaylova Maria M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Purpose of Review
From invertebrates to vertebrates, the ability to sense nutrient availability is critical for survival. Complex organisms have evolved numerous signaling pathways to sense nutrients and dietary fluctuations, which influence many cellular processes. Although both overabundance and extreme depletion of nutrients can lead to deleterious effects, dietary restriction without malnutrition can increase lifespan and promote overall health in many model organisms. In this review, we focus on age-dependent changes in stem cell metabolism and dietary interventions used to modulate stem cell function in aging.

Recent Findings
Over the last half-century, seminal studies have illustrated that dietary restriction confers beneficial effects on longevity in many model organisms. Many researchers have now turned to dissecting the molecular mechanisms by which these diets affect aging at the cellular level. One subpopulation of cells of particular interest are adult stem cells, the most regenerative cells of the body. It is generally accepted that the regenerative capacity of stem cells declines with age, and while the metabolic requirements of each vary across tissues, the ability of dietary interventions to influence stem cell function is striking.

Summary
In this review, we will focus primarily on how metabolism plays a role in adult stem cell homeostasis with respect to aging, with particular emphasis on intestinal stem cells while also touching on hematopoietic, skeletal muscle, and neural stem cells. We will also discuss key metabolic signaling pathways influenced by both dietary restriction and the aging process, and will examine their role in improving tissue homeostasis and lifespan. Understanding the mechanisms behind the metabolic needs of stem cells will help bridge the divide between a basic science interpretation of stem cell function and a whole-organism view of nutrition, thereby providing insight into potential dietary or therapeutic interventions.
Numerical investigation of the impact of inclined baffles and an elastic vibrating beam on the thermo-fluid behavior in a rectangular channel
Authors: Faramarzi S. , Ghasemiasl R. , Ghadami F. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn the present work, the influence of inclined baffles and an elastic vibrating beam is investigated on the flow pattern and heat transfer rate in a rectangular channel. The cylinder with the elastic vibrating beam develops the vibrating flow. The computations are based on the finite element method (FEM); Galerkin least-squares scheme and Newton–Raphson iterative method are implemented to solve the governing equations. The fluid structure-interaction (FSI) method is used to analyze the elastic vibrating beam. The friction factor coefficient and Nusselt number are examined for the inclined and conventional baffles. The flow regime is assumed to be laminar for various baffle angles and Reynolds numbers. The vibrating beam is connected to the cylinder located in the channel entrance. Optimized cases with the maximum heat transfer and minimum friction factor are introduced. The novelty of this study is the simultaneous use of the elastic vibrating beam and inclined baffles in a rectangular channel. The results show that mounting an elastic vibrating beam on the cylinder leads the heat transfer rate to increase. The channel with an elastic vibrating beam and inclined baffles at 135° is the optimized case compared to other cases.Article Highlights

Take advantage of using an elastic vibrating beam in a rectangular channel.

Influences of inclined baffles on thermal performance are examined numerically.

The optimum case for the channel with inclined-baffles is reported.
Short alkyl chain length ionic liquid as organic modifier in polypropylene/clay nanocomposite: a thermal comparative study
Authors: Vedovello Priscila , de Oliveira Gomes Ana Catarina , da Rocha Oliveira Lucas Mendonça , Cruz Sandra Andrea , Paranhos Caio Marcio 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The most common polymeric nanocomposites are constituted of organically-modified clays. Generally, these organic modifiers are based on quaternary ammonium salts. These systems have as disadvantage the low thermal resistance of its modifiers under processing. Ionic liquids (IL) with different molecular structures can be used as organic modifier in lamellar clays-based polymeric nanocomposites, being promising not only to increase interactions between the nanoclay and the matrix, but also to increase the thermal resistance. In this study, polypropylene-based/montmorillonite nanocomposites were compared from two different organic modifiers. The use of short alkyl chain length imidazolium-based IL as montmorillonite modifier was investigated in terms of the thermal stability when compared to the usual quaternary ammonium salt surfactant. Integral procedure decomposition temperature was employed to determine the effect of these two different organoclay modifiers in PP-nanocomposites. The activation energy for these samples was calculated using Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) method. It was also used the multiple linear regression analysis to calculate the activation energy in order to evaluate the accuracy of this method when applied to nanocomposites.

Article Highlights

Short length alkyl group in ionic liquid was able to improve the thermal stability of PP-based nanocomposite.

IPDT methodology is more realistic to evaluate the thermal stability of ionic liquid-based nanocomposite.

MLR methodology was efficient to assess the entropic contribution associated to polymer-clay interactions, inter-lamellae spaces and interface morphology.
Doing Team Ethnography in a Transnational Prison
Authors: Liebling Alison , Schmidt Bethany E. , Beyens Kristel , Boone Miranda , Johnsen Berit , Kox Mieke , Rokkan Tore , Vanhouche An-Sofie 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis article has three main purposes: (1) To describe an in-prison methodology for measuring the moral quality of life, developed organically out of experience and necessity. It is conducted over an intense but exceptionally brief period of time. (2) To reveal and reflect on our intellectual methodology: how do we describe, think, interpret and theorise about prison life in our work together, especially in a transnational team? (3) Finally, to consider the benefits and challenges of collaboration and intense immersion across national boundaries, in a study of Norgerhaven prison in the Netherlands. We found that our own implicit prison moralities varied significantly, as we worked together to describe a prison that surprised us, and our participants, hugely.
Making it against the odds: How individual and parental co‐agency predict educational mobility
Authors: Schoon Ingrid , Burger Kaspar , Cook Rose 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis study examines the role of individual agency and parental co‐agency as resource factors enabling educational mobility (university enrolment and degree completion) among first‐generation students.MethodsThe study is based on Next Steps, a nationally representative cohort of UK students. Path models were run, linking different dimensions of agency assessed at age 13/14 to educational attainment by age 25/26, controlling for academic attainment and socio‐demographic factors.ResultsEducational mobility was predicted by student's expectation to go to university, their expectation of success, and school engagement during secondary school. In addition, parental co‐agency played a significant role ‐ highlighting the importance of parents in supporting upward educational mobility of their children.ConclusionsMultiple dimensions of agency are necessary for disadvantaged students to achieve academically. To support first‐generation students, schools need to provide opportunities for them to become engaged in education, to experience mastery and to develop realistic expectations of success.