bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ein Hochhaus mit Hüftschwung
Authors: Pfeifer Matthias 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMitte des Jahres 2020 wurde in Frankfurt am Main im derzeitigen Hochhaus‐Boom ein ungewöhnliches Exemplar fertiggestellt. Der ca. 190 m hohe Omniturm gehört zwar weder in Frankfurt geschweige denn weltweit zu den höchsten Hochhäusern, wurde jedoch aufgrund verschiedener Merkmale, seiner architektonischen Strahlkraft und der damit verbundenen tragwerkstechnischen Herausforderungen Finalist beim International Highrise Award 2020 und gehört damit zu den fünf besten Hochhäusern weltweit. Vom 14. bis zum 23. Geschoss rotieren und verschieben sich die Ebenen um mehrere Meter gegen die Vertikale. Dies ist der durch Wohnungen genutzte sog. RESI‐Bereich. Die übrigen Geschosse werden, bis auf die öffentlichen Basisgeschosse, durch Büros genutzt. Die schlanken Schleuderbetonstützen aus hochfestem Beton mit Sonderstahl folgen, deutlich schräg stehend, den Verschiebungen und Verdrehungen, vereinigen sich im unteren Drittel des RESI‐Bereichs in zwei Gebäudeecken von je zweien zu einer Stütze, durchlaufen in gekrümmter Linie den RESI‐Bereich, um sich schließlich im oberen Drittel wieder in je zwei Stützen zu teilen und dann gerade bis zur Spitze des Turms durchzulaufen. An den gegenüberliegenden Gebäudeecken führen die Verschiebungen zu immer größer werdenden Auskragungen der Decken, denen mit zusätzlichen „Rucksackstützen“ begegnet wird. In diesem Beitrag werden einige konstruktive Besonderheiten des Bauwerks beschrieben.
Bioinformatics and experimental findings reveal the therapeutic actions and targets of pachymic acid against cystitis glandularis
Authors: Feng Zihao , Shi Hailin , Liang Bojian , Ge Tianyu , Cai Menghui , Liu Feng , Huang Kunping , Wen Jintao , Chen Qiuhong , Ge Bo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPachymic acid (PA), a bioactive ingredient isolated from Poria cocos Wolf, is reported with potential benefits of anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidative actions. It is reasoned that PA may play the potential benefits against cystitis glandularis (CG), an inflammation of the bladder tissue. In this study, we aimed to apply the network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses to reveal concrete anti‐CG targets and mechanisms of PA, and then the bioinformatic findings were verified by using clinical and animal samples. The methodological data from network pharmacology approach showed that 303 and 243 reporting targets of CG and PA, and other 31 shared targets of CG and PA were identified. Subsequently, all top targets of PA against CG were screened out, including cyclooxygenase‐2, epidermal growth factor receptor, tumor antigen p53 (TP53), tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF), interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) beta, proto‐oncogene c‐jun. Molecular docking data demonstrated that PA exerted potent bonding capacities with TNF, TP53 proteins in CG. In human study, the findings suggested that overactivated TNF‐α expression and suppressed TP53 activation were detected in CG samples. In animal study, PA‐treated mice showed reduced intravesical IL‐1, IL‐6 levels, and lactate dehydrogenase content, downregulated TNF‐α and upregulated TP53 proteins in bladder samples. Taken together, our bioinformatics and experimental findings identify the key anti‐CG biotargets and mechanisms of PA. More markedly, these pivotal pharmacological targets of PA against CG have been screened out and verified by using computational and experimental analyses.
Curcumin: A small molecule with big functionality against amyloid aggregation in neurodegenerative diseases and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Radbakhsh Shabnam , Barreto George E. , Bland Abigail R. , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAmyloidosis is a concept that implicates disorders and complications that are due to abnormal protein accumulation in different cells and tissues. Protein aggregation‐associated diseases are classified according to the type of aggregates and deposition sites, such as neurodegenerative disorders and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Polyphenolic phytochemicals such as curcumin and its derivatives have anti‐amyloid effects both in vitro and in animal models; however, the underlying mechanisms are not understood. In this review, we summarized possible mechanisms by which curcumin could interfere with self‐assembly processes and reduce amyloid aggregation in amyloidosis. Furthermore, we discuss clinical trials in which curcumin is used as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of diseases linking to protein aggregates.
Combined local delivery of tacrolimus and stem cells in hydrogel for enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration
Authors: Saffari Tiam M. , Chan Katelyn , Saffari Sara , Zuo Kevin J. , McGovern Renee M. , Reid Joel M. , Borschel Gregory H. , Shin Alexander Y. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe application of scaffold‐based stem cell transplantation to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration has great potential. Recently, the neuroregenerative potential of tacrolimus (a U.S. Food and Drug Administration‐approved immunosuppressant) has been explored. In this study, a fibrin gel‐based drug delivery system for sustained and localized tacrolimus release was combined with rat adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to investigate cell viability in vitro. Tacrolimus was encapsulated in poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid (PLGA) microspheres and suspended in fibrin hydrogel, using concentrations of 0.01 and 100 ng/ml. Drug release over time was measured. MSCs were cultured in drug‐released media collected at various days to mimic systemic exposure. MSCs were combined with (i) hydrogel only, (ii) empty PLGA microspheres in the hydrogel, (iii) 0.01, and (iv) 100 ng/ml of tacrolimus PLGA microspheres in the hydrogel. Stem cell presence and viability were evaluated. A sustained release of 100 ng/ml tacrolimus microspheres was observed for up to 35 days. Stem cell presence was confirmed and cell viability was observed up to 7 days, with no significant differences between groups. This study suggests that combined delivery of 100 ng/ml tacrolimus and MSCs in fibrin hydrogel does not result in cytotoxic effects and could be used to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration.
Revisiting mouse minute virus inactivation by high temperature short time treatment
Authors: Su Joleen , Rice Jonathan , Hoffman Jacob , Alvarado Shelley , Bailey Mark , Kopp Martina , Murphy Marie , Kiss Robert , Barone Paul W. , Wiebe Michael E. , Springs Stacy L. , Dehghani Houman , Chen Dayue 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn recent years, high temperature short time (HTST) treatment technology has been increasingly adopted for medium treatment to mitigate the potential risk of viral contamination in mammalian cell culture GMP manufacturing facilities. Mouse minute virus (MMV), also called minute virus of mice (MVM), implicated in multiple viral contamination events is commonly used as a relevant model virus to assess the effectiveness of HTST treatment of cell culture media. However, results from different studies vary broadly in inactivation kinetics as well as log reduction factors (LRFs) achieved under given treatment conditions. To determine whether the reported discrepancies stemmed from differences in MMV strains, laboratory‐scale HTST devices, medium matrices, and/or experimental designs, we have taken a collaborative approach to systematically assess the effectiveness of HTST treatment for MMV inactivation. This effort was conceptualized based on a media treatment gap analysis conducted by the Consortium on Adventitious Agent Contamination in Biomanufacturing (CAACB) under the MIT Center for Biomedical Innovation (CBI). Specifically, two different MMV strains were used to evaluate the effectiveness of HTST at various treatment conditions with regard to exposure temperature and hold time duration by two independent laboratories within two different companies. To minimize experimental variations, the two sites used the same batches of MMV stocks, the same commercially purchased medium, and the same model of thermocyclers as the laboratory‐scale HTST device. The two independent laboratories yielded similar MMV inactivation kinetics and comparable LRF. No significant differences were observed between the two MMV strains evaluated, suggesting that the variations from prior studies were likely due to differences in equipment, medium matrices, or other factors. The data presented here indicate that MMV inactivation by HTST treatment obeys first‐order kinetics and can be mathematically modeled using an Arrhenius equation. The model‐based extrapolation provides a quantitative estimate of MMV inactivation by the current industry standard HTST condition (102°C for a hold time of 10 s) used for medium treatment. Finally, based on the data from the current study and the industry experience, it is recommended that any alternative virus barrier technologies adopted for medium treatment should provide a clearance of at least 3.0 LRF based on a worst‐case model virus to effectively mitigate potential risks of viral contamination.
Overview of the virtual 2020 FDA's circulatory system devices advisory panel on Neovasc reducer system
Authors: Medranda Giorgio A. , Torguson Rebecca , Waksman Ron 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRefractory angina is considered a devastating condition with limited medical and therapeutic options. The Neovasc Reducer device, when implanted in the coronary sinus, is designed to alleviate anginal symptoms. However, the available clinical data are sparse. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) assembled the Circulatory Systems Devices Panel to discuss the Reducer's safety and effectiveness. Because of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, this meeting was held virtually. In this manuscript, we detail the deliberation and discussion among the circulatory panel members, including their final vote.
CARotid plaqUe StabilizatiOn and regression with evolocumab: Rationale and design of the CARUSO study
Authors: Aranzulla Tiziana Claudia , Piazza Salvatore , Ricotti Andrea , Musumeci Giuseppe , Gaggiano Andrea 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundWhile the experience with PCSK9i in patients with coronary artery disease has been wide, and coronary plaque regression has been documented, little is known regarding the role of these drugs on carotid plaque regression. The CARotid plaqUe StabilizatiOn and regression with evolocumab (CARUSO) study is a randomized, single‐center, investigator‐initiated trial aiming at evaluating carotid plaque morphological stabilization and regression following, respectively, 6 and 12 months of therapy with evolocumab.MethodsAsymptomatic patients with uni‐ or bilateral de novo carotid artery stenosis ≥50% and LDL‐C values ≥100 mg/dl despite maximum tolerated lipid lowering therapy (LLT) will be randomized to evolocumab 140 mg s.c. every 2 weeks on top of ongoing LLT, or no additional treatment. 100 patients (50 in each arm) will be enrolled. Serial carotid duplex ultra‐sonography will be performed to monitor the carotid plaque morphology and stenosis over time.ResultsThe primary end point of the study is, (a) carotid plaque morphological stabilization at 6 months, defined as defined as the disappearance of ulcerations and fluffy components and the achievement of a regular plaque morphology with prevalence of fibrous atheroma and/or (b) carotid plaque regression at 12 months, defined as reduction of the entity of the stenosis and/or peak systolic velocity by at least 5%, as compared with baseline.ConclusionThe CARUSO trial will test the superiority of evolocumab on top of ongoing LLT versus ongoing LLT alone regarding carotid plaque morphological stabilization and regression. The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.
Metal Cation‐Driven Dynamic Covalent Formation of Imine and Hydrazone Ligands Displaying Synergistic Co‐catalysis and Auxiliary Amine Effects
Authors: He Meixia , Lehn Jean‐Marie 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOptimizing C=N bond formation and C/N component exchange has major significance in Dynamic Covalent Chemistry (DCC). Imine and hydrazone generation from their aldehyde, amine and hydrazine components showed large accelerations in presence of AgOTf or Zn(OTf)2, up to 104 for the Zn(II)‐(p‐anisidine)imine complex. Zn(OTf)2 and auxiliary p‐anisidine together accelerated 630 times the formation of the Zn(II)‐hydrazone complex, revealing a strong synergistic effect, traced to very fast initial formation of the reactive Zn(II)‐imine complex presenting a C=N bond metallo‐activated towards reaction with the hydrazine component. Reactions involving more entities showed kinetically faster and thermodynamically simpler outputs due to dynamic competition within a mixture of higher complexity. Catalytic amounts of metal salts and auxiliary amine gave similar marked rate accelerations and turnover, indicating true catalysis. The synergistic effect achieved by combining metallo‐ and organo‐catalysis points to a powerful co‐catalysis strategy of bond‐formation in DCC through interconnected chemical transformations.
Vacant Manganese‐Based Perovskite Fluorides@Reduced Graphene Oxides for Na‐Ion Storage with Pseudocapacitive Conversion/Insertion Dual Mechanisms
Authors: Huang Yongfa , Ding Rui , Ying Danfeng , Yan Tong , Huang Yuxi , Tan Caini , Sun Xiujuan , Gao Ping , Liu Enhui 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNa‐ion capacitors (NICs) and Na‐based dual‐ion batteries (Na‐DIBs) have been considered to be promising alternatives to traditional lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) because of the abundance and low cost of the Na‐ion, but their energy density, power density and life cycle are limited. Herein, dual‐vacancy (including K+ and F− vacancies) perovskite fluoride K0.86MnF2.69@reduced graphene oxide (rGO; recorded as Mn−G) as anode for NICs and Na‐DIBs has been developed. The special conversion/intercalation dual Na‐ion energy storage mechanism and pseudocapacitive dynamics are analyzed in detail. The Mn−G//AC NICs and Mn−G//KS6 Na‐DIBs delivered a maximum energy density of 92.7 and 187.6 W h kg−1, a maximum power density of 20.2 and 21.12 kW kg−1, and long cycle performance of 61.3 and 68.4 % after 1000 cycles at 5 A g−1, respectively. Moreover, Mn−G//AC NICs and Mn−G//KS6 Na‐DIBs can work well over a wide range of temperatures (−20 to 40 °C). These results make it competitive in Na‐ion storage applications with high energy/power density over a wide temperature range.
Exploring the use of high solid loadings in enzymatic hydrolysis to improve biobutanol production from brewers' spent grains
Authors: Plaza Pedro E. , Coca Mónica , Lucas Yagüe Susana , Fernández‐Delgado Marina , López‐Linares Juan C. , García‐Cubero María T. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBrewers' spent grain (BSG) is a promising agroindustrial waste for the production of biobutanol. One critical point in the butanol production process is the optimization of the enzymatic hydrolysis step. In order to obtain the maximum efficiency, it is necessary to use high solids loadings in this process to obtain high concentrations of monosaccharides that allow high titres of butanol to be produced in the ABE fermentation process. The optimum enzyme and solids load maximizing the monosaccharide concentrations and minimizing the phenolic compounds concentrations in the enzymatic hydrolysates from pretreated BSG have been investigated. A dilute sulphuric acid pretreatment was carried out previously to the optimization of the enzymatic hydrolysis. Under optimal conditions (28.1% w/w solids load and 15.4 FPU/g DM), 47.0 g/L of glucose, 16.8 g/L of xylose, and 1.2 g/L of phenolic compounds were attained in the enzymatic hydrolysates. The enzymatic hydrolysates were subjected to an ABE fermentation process (with and without previous detoxification with activated carbon) to evaluate the production of butanol by C. beijerinckii. Maximum global yields of 31.0 g butanol/kg pretreated BSG and 46.4 g ABE/kg pretreated BSG were obtained. The detoxification process had little to no effect on the ABE fermentation process.
New Quinoxaline‐Based Blue Emitters: Molecular Structures, Aggregation‐Induced Enhanced Emission Characteristics and OLED Application
Authors: Mao Xiaoyu , Xie Fuli , Wang Xiaohui , Wang Qingsong , Qiu Zhipeng , Elsegood Mark R. J. , Bai Jie , Feng Xing , Redshaw Carl , Huo Yanping , Hu Jian‐Yong , Chen Qing 
Published: April 2021

Main observation and conclusionThree new deep blue light emitters, bearing quinoxaline with different substituents (biphenyl/pyrene) at the 1‐ or 2‐position, were synthesized by a Pd‐catalysed coupling reaction in high yields, and were fully characterized by 1H/13C NMR spectroscopy, single crystal X‐ray diffraction, and high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The designed molecules exhibit good thermal stability (Tg > 452 oC). Single crystal X‐ray diffraction indicated the compounds containing pyrene units exhibiting π‐π stacking, and thus this family of compounds exhibited intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) and non‐typical and aggregation‐induced enhanced emission (AIEE) characteristics, possessing blue emission both in solution and in the aggregation (solid) state. Furthermore, a selected deep blue emitter was utilized as the emitting layer for the fabrication of doped organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) devices, which afforded a deep blue electroluminescence (EL) peak at 428 nm with a narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 57 nm, and the Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates of (0.15, 0.06).
Targeted Use of Placebo Effects Decreases Experimental Itch in Atopic Dermatitis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sölle Ariane , Worm Margitta , Benedetti Fabrizio , Sabine Bartholomäus Theresa , Schwender‐Groen Lena , Klinger Regine 
Published: April 2021

Evidence from pain research shows that the effectiveness of active pharmacological treatments can be enhanced by placebo effects. The “open drug administration” is superior to "hidden drug administration.​" In a randomized controlled trial, we aimed to show that the targeted use of placebo effects increases the efficacy of an antihistamine (dimetindene) infusion in participants with atopic dermatitis. We openly infused dimetindene (drug) in full sight with information (intervention group 1: OPEN‐DRUG+INST), openly infused drug with an additional classical conditioning learning experience (intervention group 2: OPEN‐DRUG+INST+COND) or infused drug without any information or sight (i.e., hidden administration (control group 1: HIDDEN‐DRUG)). Control group 2 received a placebo infusion (saline) declared as dimetindene and also experienced the conditioning experience (PLAC+INST+COND). Itch was experimentally induced with histamine via a skin prick test. Outcome was assessed at the subjective (primary end point: experimental itch intensity, numeric rating scale), and objective level (secondary end point: wheal size, mm2). Experimental‐induced itch intensity decreased in all groups but at different rates (P < 0.001). The groups with the open administration, whether it was dimetindene or placebo, had significantly stronger reductions in itch compared to the HIDDEN‐DRUG group (OPEN‐DRUG+INST+COND: P < 0.001; OPEN‐DRUG+INST: P = 0.009; and PLAC+INST+COND: P < 0.001). Additional drug conditioning mediated via expectation led to a stronger reduction of itching (P = 0.001). Results on wheal size were similar (P = 0.048), however, no significant difference between the HIDDEN‐DRUG group and the PLAC+INST+COND group (P = 0.967) was found. We conclude that specifically generated targeted placebo effects can significantly increase the action of a drug (dimetindene) and should be used in clinical practice.
IL‐17 drives salivary gland dysfunction via inhibiting TRPC1‐mediated calcium movement in Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Xiao Fan , Du Wenhan , Zhu Xiaoxia , Tang Yuan , Liu Lixiong , Huang Enyu , Deng Chong , Luo Cainan , Han Man , Chen Ping , Ding Liping , Hong Xiaoping , Wu Lijun , Jiang Quan , Zou Hejian , Liu Dongzhou , Lu Liwei 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to determine a role of interleukin‐17A (IL‐17) in salivary gland (SG) dysfunction and therapeutic effects of targeting IL‐17 in SG for treating autoimmune sialadenitis in primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS).MethodsSalivary IL‐17 levels and IL‐17‐secreting cells in labial glands of pSS patients were examined. Kinetic changes of IL‐17‐producing cells in SG from mice with experimental Sjögren’s syndrome (ESS) were analysed. To determine a role of IL‐17 in salivary secretion, IL‐17‐deficient mice and constructed chimeric mice with IL‐17 receptor C (IL‐17RC) deficiency in non‐hematopoietic and hematopoietic cells were examined for saliva flow rates during ESS development. Both human and murine primary SG epithelial cells were treated with IL‐17 for measuring cholinergic activation‐induced calcium movement. Moreover, SG functions were assessed in ESS mice with salivary retrograde cannulation of IL‐17 neutralisation antibodies.ResultsIncreased salivary IL‐17 levels were negatively correlated with saliva flow rates in pSS patients. Both IL‐17‐deficient mice and chimeric mice with non‐hematopoietic cell‐restricted IL‐17RC deficiency exhibited no obvious salivary reduction while chimeric mice with hematopoietic cell‐restricted IL‐17RC deficiency showed significantly decreased saliva secretion during ESS development. In SG epithelial cells, IL‐17 inhibited acetylcholine‐induced calcium movement and downregulated the expression of transient receptor potential canonical 1 via promoting Nfkbiz mRNA stabilisation. Moreover, local IL‐17 neutralisation in SG markedly attenuated hyposalivation and ameliorated tissue inflammation in ESS mice.ConclusionThese findings identify a novel function of IL‐17 in driving salivary dysfunction during pSS development and may provide a new therapeutic strategy for targeting SG dysfunction in pSS patients.
Assessment of fog gauges and their effectiveness in quantifying fog in the Andean páramo
Authors: Berrones Gina , Crespo Patricio , Wilcox Bradford P. , Tobón Conrado , Célleri Rolando 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn tropical highlands of the northern Andes, known as páramos, fog incidence is very frequent. Its quantification is not yet clear, mostly because of the complexity of distinguishing between fog and low‐intensity rainfall. Moreover, there is uncertainty about the performance of the various types of gauges used to capture fog in this ecosystem. This study was carried out at the Zhurucay Ecohydrological Observatory (3,800 m a.s.l.), in southern Ecuador, assessing two cylindrical (Juvik and Wire Harp types) and two flat‐screen fog collection gauges. A high‐resolution laser disdrometer was installed next to the fog gauges, to measure precipitation of very low intensities and isolate fog from rainfall. We collected data over a 12‐month period for four types of events—fog only, fog dominant, fog non‐dominant and fog negligible. We evaluated the performance of the gauges during each type of event as well as to estimate the amount, rate and duration of fog. Fog was present during 68% of the days of the study, predominantly in the early morning and at night, and the average daily contribution was 1.37 mm. Most of the events occurred at rates below 0.3 mm h−1. Measured rainfall was 1,200.1 mm, and fog estimations amounted to 340.1 mm. This fog contribution could bring total annual precipitation to about 1,540.2 mm, suggesting an extra 22% of water potentially available to the ecosystem—a very important asset for hydrological and ecological processes. This is the first study that has compared different types of fog gauges in the Andean páramo.