bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UF CPET: Professional Development for Secondary Science Teachers
Authors: Darwiche Houda A , Bokor Julie , Joseph Drew , Koroly Mary Jo 
Published: June 2021

The University of Florida Center for Precollegiate Education and Training (UF CPET) promotes the use of university resources for the preparation and enhancement of STEM teaching in secondary schools. UF CPET offers an array of teacher professional development programs, the two largest being the NIH SEPA‐funded Biomedical Explorations: Bench to Bedside and the HHMI‐funded ICORE: Emerging Pathogens.These innovative programs integrate experiences from a summer institute into classroom action. During the institute, an experimental sequence in basic and applied science illustrates scientific content, pedagogical methods, and conceptual/technological interrelationships. Teachers work with science and education researchers to develop lessons and laboratory exercises that convey these content‐based principles in the context of career choices. During the school year, research proposals, resources, formal presentations, review of classroom outcomes and incentives for ongoing professional development provide continuing support to incorporate scientific processes, real‐world skills and enthusiasm for bioscience careers into classrooms. Continued support from UF CPET encourages science teachers’ personal enrichment and professional advancement in biotechnology education and empowers them as agents of change in their classrooms and communities.Sources of research support include UF, NIH, and HHMI.
Changes in daily water intake impact mood of high and low drinkers
Authors: Guelinckx Isabelle , Klein Alexis , Perrier Erica , Metzger Deborah , Pross Nathalie 
Published: June 2021

PurposeThe effect of dehydration on cognition has been examined in fluid deprivation studies. However, such study conditions are far from real life conditions. This inpatient crossover trial evaluated the effect of mild changes in water intake on subjective cognitive performance (i.e. mood) in 22 high volume (HIGH; 2–4L/d; 25 ± 1 y) and 30 low volume drinkers (LOW; <1.2L/d; 25 ± 3 y).MethodDuring days 1 and 2 HIGH consumed 2.5L of water/day and LOW 1L/day. On Days 3 through 5, HIGH restricted water intake to 1L/d and LOW increased to 2.5L/d. Several mood scales (Bond & Lader VAS, Profile of mood states, Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, Thirst & Emotional VAS) were administered at different time points. An ANOVA model including treatment, time point and treatment × time as fixed effects on mean values (i.e.; baseline data vs mean of 3 intervention days) for each mood scale was performed.ResultsIn LOW increased water consumption resulted in a significant decrease in fatigue (p<0.001), confusion (p=0.05) and thirst (p<0.001) and a trend to lower sleepiness (p=0.07) compared to baseline. In HIGH the restricted water intake lead to a significant increase in thirst (p<0.001) and a decrease in contentedness (p<0.05), calmness (p<0.01), positive emotions (p<0.05) and vigor (p<0.001).ConclusionIncreasing water intake has a beneficial mood effect, especially on sleep/wake feelings, whereas restricting water intake can deteriorate mood. Even though the results were observed in young adults, they can still be of importance to the healthy aging population. The link between water increase and decrease in confusion is also of interest for diagnosis and treatment of delirium.
Preparation of Soy Protein Hydrolysates through alcalase treatment using Response Surface Methodology with Alzheimer's β‐amyloid (Aβ 1–42) Peptide Aggregation inhibition property
Authors: Ravichandran Madhuram , Hettiarachchy Navam 
Published: June 2021

Soy protein isolate (SPI), has the highest protein content and wide range of health benefits. Soy peptides have been studied for their various beneficial effects including anti‐cancer, anti‐hypertensive, anti‐diabetic etc properties. However there is no literature regarding their anti‐Alzheimer's disease properties. Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia and is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States and expected to become the sixth leading cause of death by 2013.In this study we aim to evaluate the anti‐aggregative property of alcalase hydrolysates of SPI. Since the anti‐aggregative properties against Alzheimer's β‐amyloid peptide (Aβ 1–42) depends on the peptide composition of the hydrolysates and the enzyme used, the effect of process conditions on SPI hydrolyzed with alcalase was investigated systematically using response surface methodology. Hydrolysis conditions for optimal β‐amyloid aggregation inhibition were defined using the response surface model of central composite design (CCD). The optimum conditions obtained by the model for hydrolysate (with maximum anti‐beta amyloid aggregation activity) preparation was found to be pH=8, Time=1 hr, E/S=0.5%, Temperature= 50 C which was in perfect correlation with the experimental model. This is by far one of the first studies to show that soy protein hydrolysates possess bio‐activity against beta amyloid peptide found in patients with Alzheimer's disease.Grant Funding Source: ABI
Liberian refugee families: What are they eating and where are they shopping after 10 years of resettlement in the U.S.
Authors: Nunnery Danielle , Dharod Jigna 
Published: June 2021

The objectives of the study were to: 1) Deter mine the feasibility of using the 24‐hour recall method, 2) Describe food habits, shopping, budgeting practices & examine what pre & post resettlement factors influence these behaviors, among Liberian refugees resettled in the U.S. A trained community interviewer conducted in‐home, semi‐quantitative interviews with Liberian mothers/caregivers (n = 33). The mean age of the participants was 39 years. Approximately, 42% of participants received SNAP & average monthly household income was $903. In using the 24‐hour recall method, it was found that estimation of portion size, measurement of ingredients & use of standardized recipes were uncommon concepts among this group. For instance, participants often reported making ‘Soup & Fufu’ but ingredients in soup were not fixed & dependent upon several factors including what was left in the refrigerator, and where they went for food shopping that week. In food habits, intake of meat & green leafy vegetables was common while dairy & fruits were uncommon food groups. Majority (90%) of the participants visited ethnic food stores to buy traditional food items such as cassava leaves, palm butter, and smoked fish. On average, monthly grocery expenditure was $109/person. Those without a driver's license (p=0.03), and those who visited mainly ethnic stores (p=0.10) had a higher food budget.Grant Funding Source: University of North Carolina at Greensboro New Faculty Grant
Monitoring the sodium content of restaurant foods: public health challenges and opportunities
Authors: Maalouf Joyce , Cogswell Mary E , Gunn Janelle P , Curtis Christine J , Rhodes Donna , Hoy Kathy , Pehrsson Pamela , Nickle Melissa , Merritt Robert 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesReview the methods of selected studies that assessed sodium in restaurant foods to inform potential approaches to a national monitoring system.MethodsThis review relied on systematic searches of the PubMed, Agricola, Global Health, and Ovid databases and on manual examination of references in selected articles. In all 499 articles were found from 1964 to September 30, 2012; 26 articles met the inclusion criteria and were abstracted.ResultsOf the 26 studies, five were conducted at the national level. Food categories varied according to the purpose of the studies, location, and restaurant type. The methods for determining the sodium content of restaurant foods included laboratory analysis (n=15), determination of the nutrition content at point of purchase or the restaurants’ Web sites (n=8), and analysis of menus using a nutrient database (n=3). Only one of the five studies performed at the national level used laboratory analyses. One study evaluated more than one time period.ConclusionsAt present, there is no comprehensive private or publicly available data system that provides all of the information needed to monitor changes in sodium or other nutrients among restaurant foods. Combining information from different sources and methods may help inform a comprehensive system to monitor efforts to reduce the sodium content of the United States food supply and to develop future strategies.
The Harvest of the Month (HOTM) program successfully promotes vegetable selection and consumption among first graders from low‐income schools
Authors: Chen Qiong , Gerson Amanda , Goto Keiko , Wolff Cindy , Bianco‐Simeral Stephanie , Hansen Garth , Frigaard Martin , Armstrong Ben 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of a multi‐component intervention on fruit and vegetable selection and consumption among low‐income public school first grade students.MethodsUsing a quasi‐experimental design, the HOTM program was implemented over a seven month period. The study was conducted with 117 intervention students from three schools and 90 control students from two schools. Intervention students were exposed to 14 classroom cooking demonstrations, tasting activities, and received fruit and vegetable themed educational materials. Students’ vegetable selection and consumption was measured using a digital photography method before and after the intervention period. Photographs of food trays were taken before and after lunch on four consecutive days, and analyzed for consumption patterns. Generalized estimating equations were used to account for variance within clusters (school/classroom).ResultsIntervention students selected and consumed significantly more vegetables than control students. The vegetables selected were also of a greater variety compared to the control. No significant differences were found in fruit consumption.ConclusionsThe HOTM program has a positive impact on vegetable selection and consumption. The results of this study document the accuracy of the digital photography method as an easy to use, effective tool for assessing food consumption.
Development of a point‐of‐use, iron fortification technology of nixtamalized corn masa for rural communities in Central America
Authors: Torres‐Aguilar Pablo Cesar , Chen Chen , Jacobson Brian , Lee Youngsoo , Andrade Juan E. 
Published: June 2021

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is major health concern. Fortification of nixtamalized corn (NC) for tortillas at the point of wet grinding could be an effective strategy against IDA in rural Central America. Process of making iron containing extruded pellets (IEP) and their addition to NC is presented. IEPs will be added to NC previous to grinding at local milling facilities. Welly Puffing extruder set at a feed rate of 60 g/min was used to create brown rice:corn grits (1:1, w/w) pellets. Two chelated Fe sources were evaluated, ferric NaEDTA (FeNaEDTA) and ferrous bisglycinate (FeBG). Fe solutions were pumped (2 mL/min) to target levels, 0.4 mg/g or 1 mg/g pellet, respectively. Process stability was evaluated from 0.5 to 19 min from Fe addition. IEPs were added to NC at different amounts,12.5, 25, 50 g pellet/kg NC, resulting in target levels of 8.2, 16.3 and 32.6 (FeBG) and 3.9, 7.8 15.65 (FeNaEDTA) mg Fe/kg of masa. Fe recoveries in IEPs upon processing were 78.3±5% and 65.3±3.8 % for FeNaEDTA and FeBG, respectively; with homogenous distribution for both iron sources after 14 min of processing (Brown and Forsythe P>;0.1). IEPs dimensions (l×ø) from both sources were similar, 16.7±1.1 × 11.4±0.9 mm. Fe source changed color in pellets, but it did not affect masa color. Iron distributed well in NC masa fortified with both EIPs. Our technology shows the feasibility of Fe fortification at the point of NC grinding using extruded materials.Grant Funding Source: ACES SAO Ayre Fellowship, Hatch
Variation in body mass index heritability based on diverse twin studies
Authors: Min Jungwon , Chiu Dorothy T , Wang Youfa 
Published: June 2021

ObjectivesOver three decades, twin studies showed various heritability of obesity, although genetic variation crucially affected obesity. This study examined the difference of body mass index (BMI) heritability (BMI‐H) by population characteristics.MethodsTwin studies with a combination of field tags for keywords, having quantitative information about BMI‐H without disease, special occupations or mixed population and written in English from Jan 1990 to Feb 2011 were searched in PubMed. Total 32 eligible studies identified. Meta regression models with random effect were used to test BMI heritability varied by population characteristics.ResultsHeterogeneity of BMI‐H is attributable to variations in age, year of observation, average BMI, and GDP (< $20,000, $20,000–25,999 & >;= $26,000) significantly. BMI‐H estimates were higher in adolescents, in the past, and study populations with high average BMI, or high GDP than those among their counterparts. Consistent lowering effects of high GDP growth rate were shown on the stratified analysis by GDP. Adults, in recent year and countries with low obesogenic condition (low average BMI) would likely to have lower BMI heritability, especially in middle GDP and experiencing rapid economic growth.ConclusionsBMI heritability is sensitive to age, time of observation, average BMI, GDP and rapid economic growth.
Use of Highly Fortified Foods Among US Adults
Authors: Costello Rebecca B , Dwyer Johanna T , Bailey Regan L , French Steven 
Published: June 2021

IntroductionLittle is known about the use of highly fortified food and supplement products (HFP).ObjectiveTo describe use of HFP among US adults >;18 yr in 2011.MethodsData on prevalence of use of HFP (energy/nutrition bars, energy drinks, sports drinks, protein bars, energy shots, fortified foods/beverages) was collected in 2011 on a sample of 2355 US adults >;18 yr using a web‐based survey balanced to reflect US census data.ResultsIn 2011, 33% of adults used HFP. Use was significantly higher among those <45 yr, males, African Americans, Hispanics, and the more highly educated (e.g. some college or more) than among nonusers. Among HFP users in 2011, 27% used energy bars, 32% energy drinks, 52% sports drinks, 26% protein bars, 10% energy shots, and 41% fortified foods/beverages. Usage trends for a subgroup of these products (energy bars, energy drinks, sports drinks, and fortified foods and beverages) were available using similar survey techniques, the prevalence of use among the population sampled was 36% for 2005 (n=2039), 35% for 2009 (n=2010), and 30% for 2011 (n=2355). Prevalence decreased from 2005 to 2011 especially among females, non‐Hispanics, and those with education of high school or less (P=<0.05).ConclusionHFP continue to be widely used by US adults, despite an apparent recent decline in use. Funding: Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH
Towards a better understanding of the negative relationship between adiposity and cognitive health in prepubertal children
Authors: Raine Lauren B , Khan Naiman A , Drollette Eric S , Scudder Mark R , Cohen Neal J , Kramer Arthur F , Hillman Charles H 
Published: June 2021

The relation of weight status to cognitive performance in children remains controversial. Furthermore, there is a paucity of literature regarding the influence of fat distribution on measures of cognitive control. Accordingly, this study determined relationships between weight status, fat distribution, and cognitive function in 55 prepubertal children (8–9 years). Participants completed a cognitive battery assessing attention, working memory, writing, and arithmetic. DXA was used to measure percent fat mass (%Fat) and abdominal adiposity (FM‐abd). Initial correlation analyses suggested that BMI was negatively related to attention, written language, and overall achievement. %FM and FM‐abd were negatively related to written language and attention. However, none of the adiposity variables were related to working memory or arithmetic. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed adjusting for demographic variables (age, sex, SES), IQ, and aerobic fitness (VO2max). Following adjustment, BMI was negatively related to overall academic achievement and the negative effect of FM‐abd on written language persisted. Our findings suggest that weight status negatively impacts academic achievement, but not working memory. The influence of fat distribution appears specific to written language but not mathematics. (Funding source: NIH HD069381)Grant Funding Source: NIH HD069381
Differential effects of fructose on glycemic control: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of controlled feeding trials
Authors: Cozma Adrian I , de Souza Russell J , Chiavaroli Laura , Ha Vanessa , Mirrahimi Arash , Beyene Joseph , Kendall Cyril WC , Jenkins David JA , Sievenpiper John L 
Published: June 2021

ObjectiveFructose has become a focus of concern. To assess the effect of fructose on glycemic control, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (up to Nov 5, 2012) for relevant controlled trials ≥7‐days. Two independent reviewers extracted data. Data were pooled using random effects models for glycated blood proteins (GBP) and fasting glucose (FG) and insulin (FI).ResultsEligibility criteria were met by 47 isocaloric trials (n=863), in which fructose was exchanged isocalorically for other carbohydrate, and 12 hypercaloric trials (n=143), in which the diet was supplemented with excess energy from fructose. Fructose in isocaloric trials reduced GBP (standardized mean difference = − 0.29 [95% CI: −0.46, −0.11]), equivalent to a ~0.59% reduction in HbA1c, in people with and without diabetes. In contrast, fructose in hypercaloric trials increased FG (mean difference [MD] = 0.18 mmol/L [95% CI: 0.08, 0.29]) and FI (MD = 6.06 pmol/L [95% CI: 3.70, 8.31]).LimitationsMost trials were small, short, and of poor quality.ConclusionsIsocaloric exchange of fructose for other carbohydrate improves glycemic control in people with and without diabetes. Fructose providing excess energy, however, raises fasting glucose and insulin levels, an effect that may be more owing to excess energy than fructose.Funding: Canadian Institutes of Health Research.Grant Funding Source: CIHR
Self‐identified race, gender and their anthropometric correlates of cardiometabolic risk among healthy university students
Authors: Nichols Selby SD , Dalrymple Nequesha 
Published: June 2021

In this study we investigated the race and gender associated anthropometric correlates of cardiometabolic risk among disease free University students. Participation was voluntary. Participants had blood pressure, anthropometry, and fasting blood lipids and sugars measured using standard procedures.Results318 persons participated in the study including (African descent (A) =156; East Indian descent=93; Mixed descent=69). Participants of African descent had significantly higher HDL – cholesterol than their East Indian counterparts. Females of African descent were also more likely to have HDL‐cholesterol less than 50mg/dl and elevated total cholesterol to HDL‐cholesterol ratio greater than their mixed descent counterparts (62% vs. 36%; p=0.03).Males of African descent were significantly likely than their mixed descent counterparts to have BMI>;30 (18% vs. 4%) while males of African descent were more likely than their East Indian counterparts to have elevated SBP. Males had significantly lower mean HDL than their female counterparts. Waist circumference, BMI, percentage body fat and waist/height ratio were all positive correlated to an increased risk for metabolic syndrome (i.e. having three or more cardiometabolic risk factors.ConclusionOur findings suggest strong associations among anthropometric variables and cardiometabolic risk factor level that were gender and race specific.
Caffeine Increases Liking and Consumption of Novel Flavored Yogurt
Authors: Panek Leah M , Swoboda Christine , Bendlin Ashley , Temple Jennifer L 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the current experiment was to test the hypothesis that a caffeinated beverage paired with a novel flavored yogurt will increase preference for that yogurt compared to one paired with placebo and, that liking would increase more when caffeine was paired with high energy density (HED) yogurt. Men and women (n=68) were randomized to receive a beverage containing placebo (PLA) or caffeine (CAF) and to consume a low (LED) or HED, novel flavored yogurt. Participants rated, ranked, and consumed seven novel flavored yogurts and then had a target yogurt paired with either PLA or CAF over four consecutive days. In general, yogurt liking increased over time, the HED yogurt was liked more than the LED yogurt and yogurt paired with caffeine was liked more than yogurt paired with placebo. Participants showed a significant increase in liking of LED yogurt paired with caffeine compared to those with LED yogurt paired with placebo. Caffeine administration may increase liking and consumption of novel flavored foods, particularly if the food is not highly liked at baseline. This suggests that caffeine‐pairing may be a way to increase liking of LED foods, such as vegetables and fruit.This study was funded through funds to JLT from the University at Buffalo
Methylseleninic acid sensitizes Notch3 activated ovarian cancer cells to carboplatin
Authors: Tzeng Tiffany J , Fu Yangxin , Cheng Wen‐Hsing 
Published: June 2021

Ovarian cancer is the deadliest of gynecologic cancers and is usually diagnosed at advanced stage due to invalidated screening test. Although carboplatin has been used for treating ovarian cancer for years, ovarian cancer eventually develops resistance to this platinum‐containing drug. Animal studies have demonstrated efficacies of methylseleninic acid (MSeA) in counteracting tumorigenesis. Expression of Notch3 is associated with chemoresistance and correlated with poor overall survival of human ovarian cancer patients. Here we tested the hypothesis that MSeA can sensitize OVCA429/NICD3 cells to carboplatin treatment. Overexpression of NICD3 (the constitutively active form of Notch3) in OVCA429 ovarian cancer cells (OVCA429/NICD3) rendered them resistance to carboplatin compared to OVCA429 cells transduced with an empty vector (OVCA429/pCEG). Co‐treatment with MSeA sensitized OVCA429/NICD3, but not OVCA429/pCEG cells to carboplatin treatment. These two chemicals appear to synergistically kill OVCA429/NICD3 cells, which can be suppressed by the presence of N‐acetyl cysteine or DNA damage kinase inhibitors of ATM and DNA‐PKcs. In summary, MSeA sensitizes OVCA429/NICD3 cells to carboplatin treatment in a pathway involves oxidative stress, ATM and DNA‐PKcs, suggesting a new strategy to improve the efficacy of carboplatin treatment against ovarian cancer.Grant Funding Source: UMCP
Effects of dehydrated Opuntia ficus indica (Nopal) consumption on adiposity and gut physiology in Sprague Dawley rats fed a high fat diet
Authors: MORAN‐RAMOS SOFIA , TOVAR ARMANDO R. , TORRES NIMBE , RAYBOULD HELEN 
Published: June 2021

We have previously shown that Opuntia ficus indica (Nopal), a plant rich in dietary fiber and polyphenols is able to ameliorate hepatic steatosis in obese Zucker rats. However, its effect in high fat diet‐induced obese models has not been evaluated. Six weeks old male Sprague‐Dawley rats (n = 42) were fed with a low fat diet (LF) or a high fat diet (HF) for 4 weeks, The groups were then divided; one half of each group was assigned to a LF + Nopal (LF‐N) or HF + Nopal (HF‐N) and fed for a further 6 weeks.ResultsNopal consumption significantly decreased adiposity and adipocyte hypertrophy and decreased serum leptin. Nopal consumption significantly increased the weight of cecal contents and cecal tissue regardless of the diet. Finally Nopal consumption decreased reactive oxygen species in the cecum and colon of HF rats. This study shows that Nopal consumption prevents HF diet‐derived adiposity. The significant association between adiposity, adipocyte size and cecum weight may imply that fermentation of the dietary fibers present in Nopal could be partly responsible for the changes observed in the adipose tissue. Supported by NIH DDK 41004 grant (HR)