bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awake Self–Prone Positioning: Implementation During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Allicock Karen A. , Coyne Danielle , Garton Anna N. , Hare Erin C. , Seckel Maureen A. 
Published: April 2021

Background
Prone positioning is a well-known beneficial intervention for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. As the COVID-19 pandemic emerged, hospitals rapidly adapted prone positioning for acutely ill patients into a new process: awake self–prone positioning. Could a large health care system safely and rapidly implement awake self–prone positioning in COVID-19 units to prevent respiratory failure from progressing among a surge of inpatients?

Review of Evidence
The team extensively reviewed the literature. Using evidence from 22 case reports, peer-reviewed standards, and studies, they developed an awake self–prone positioning guideline.

Implementation
The guideline was implemented in April 2020 in critical care and COVID-19 units. Multimodal education included a concise guideline and real-time support from intensive care unit nurses, clinical nurse specialists, and nursing professional development specialists.

Evaluation
Awake self–prone positioning was a new procedure, and relevant data were obtained from the electronic medical record. From March 18 to August 5, 2020, 1000 COVID-19–related admissions occurred; 272 patients had a high-flow nasal cannula, 111 (41%) of whom had documentation of awake self–prone positioning.

Sustainability
This guideline is now an established part of COVID-19 care and has been integrated into practice in units caring for patients with the disease.

Conclusions
Nurses adapted quickly to using awake self–prone positioning as a plan of care for hypoxic patients. This practice may help hospitals adjust care delivery for these patients and effectively maintain patients in non–intensive care units.
Management of Lower Limb Vascular Injuries in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Garg Ramneesh , Mittal Rajinder K , Kathpal Sheerin Shah , Rakesh Devika 
Published: April 2021

Context:
Lower limb vascular trauma accounts for majority of peripheral vascular injuries. Delay in diagnosis and referral to higher centers in developing countries like India poses a major challenge with regard to optimum management of these vascular injuries.

Aims:
The aim was to study the time gap between injury and revascularization and the incidence of reperfusion injuries in patients presenting late to the hospital.

Materials and Methods:
This descriptive prospective study involved 51 patients who presented with clinical signs of vascular injury confirmed by handheld Doppler. In cases presenting late (more than 6 h), decision to proceed with revascularization versus primary amputation was based on distal muscle viability tested intraoperatively. All anastomosis were done under microscopic magnification with the use of venous graft wherever needed.

Results:
All 51 patients in the study were males with a mean age group of 32.6 years. Six patients underwent primary amputation. Road traffic accidents were the most common cause of injury with popliteal artery involvement in most cases. Of the total 45 patients who underwent revascularization, 25 patients (55.5%) presented within the golden period of 6 h and only five patients (11.1%) underwent revascularization within 6 h of injury despite which we had a limb salvage rate of 88.8%. Reperfusion injury was seen in 14 patients, vascular thrombosis in three patients and two deaths were reported.

Conclusions:
We thus recommend that decision to reperfuse the involved limb should not be solely based on the time elapsed but also on factors such as muscle viability and neurological status, especially in a country like India.
Ensuring COVID-19 Vaccines for Migrant and Immigrant Farmworkers
Authors: Thomas Christine M. , Liebman Amy K. , Galván Alma , Kirsch Jonathan D. , Stauffer William M. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract.Migrant and immigrant farmworkers are cornerstones to food security and production in many nations. In the United States, farmworkers have been disproportionately impacted by COVID-19. Because they are considered essential workers, vaccines may be made imminently available to them and offer an opportunity to reduce these COVID-19–related impacts. It is essential for a successful vaccination campaign to address the unique challenges arising from this workforce’s inherently mobile nature and limited access to healthcare. Proposed strategies to overcome these challenges include ensuring farmworkers are prioritized in vaccine allocation and provided cost-free vaccines at convenient locations through partnerships among health authorities, community- and faith-based groups, and health centers with trusted community relationships. Further, a portable immunization record should be used, and coordination of care continued when a farmworker moves to a new geographic location. If implemented well, vaccinating farmworkers can reduce the COVID-19 disease burden among these essential workers, improve public health, and protect food and agriculture production.
Self-Regulated Learning in the University of Tabuk: Gender Differences in Strategy and Outcomes
Authors: Abbas Mohammed Elfakki Fakhralddin , Mohammed Alamri Marai , Ashraful Islam , Elnimeiri Mustafa , Frah Ehab 
Published: April 2021

Background
Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) is defined as the adjustment of the individual's affective, meta-cognitive, and behavioral operations during learning to attain the desired level of academic achievement. It is an important skill for undergraduate students and its ignorance cause anxious behavior, a sense of potential failure, and avoidance of learning situations.
Objective
The objective of the study was to explore the pattern of SRL among medical students from a student perspective aiming to recognize the learning context and to provide recommendations for future support strategies.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study that targeted a total coverage of medical students at the University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia using a Self-Regulated Learning Questionnaire which composed of six constructs, namely: environment structuring, goal setting, time management, help-seeking, task strategies, and self-evaluation. An independent-samples test, ANOVA, and post-hoc analysis were conducted.

Results
Females agreed on regular practice of the four domains namely: "environmental structuring, time management, help-seeking, and self-evaluation", mean scores: 3.7(SD=1.023), 3.42(SD=1.035), 3.68(SD=0.99), 3.54(SD=0.94) respectively.
Conclusion
This study identified a remarkable difference in SRL among undergraduate medical students. Females outperformed males in self-regulation; however, both genders in the second year have shown a low level in self-regulation in comparison to fifth year medical students.
Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2021;4(1):151-165
Prevalence and Factors Related to Depression among Adolescents Living with HIV/AIDS, in Gasabo District, Rwanda
Authors: Mukangabire Pacifique , Moreland Patricia , Kanazayire Clementine , Rutayisire Reverien , Nkurunziza Aimable , Musengimana Denise , Kagabo Innocent 
Published: April 2021

Background
Adolescents living with HIV are vulnerable to depression with a negative effect on treatment outcomes. However, there are little data on the factors associated with depression in adolescents with HIV infection in Rwanda.
Aim
This article aims to assess the prevalence and sociodemographic factors related to depression among adolescents living with HIV/AIDS.
Methodology
A cross sectional research was conducted with 102 adolescents living with HIV/AIDS. Depression was measured by Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-DC) in its latest version adapted to the context of Rwanda. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were performed to determine the factors associated with depression.
Results
The prevalence of participants who had symptoms of depression was 31%. The risk to develop depression increased among HIV infected adolescent who did not attend school or who lived with another person who is not a parent or family member. Having both parents deceased increases the risk to develop depression by 25.07 times compared to when none of them is deceased.
Conclusion
The results have demonstrated that lack of social support is likely to raise the risk of development of depression symptoms among adolescent with HIV. It is clearly an urgent priority to implement programs that focus on provision and maintenance of psychosocial support to this group in order to reverse the situation.
Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2021;4(1):37-52
Prevalence and Correlates of Microalbuminuria among Type 2 Diabetes Patients at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Kantarama Evelyne , Uwizeye Dieudonne , Mselle Teddy 
Published: April 2021

Background
Regular screening for microalbuminuria among type 2 diabetes patients is less common in most low-income countries while it is an early marker of diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular complications.
Objective
This study aims to assess the need for regular screening for microalbuminuria among type 2 diabetes patients.
Methodology
with cross-sectional approach, 124 diabetic patients were recruited at Muhimbili National Hospital, in Tanzania; their age, gender, body mass index, fasting blood sugar levels (by Accu Chek Active Glucometer), random urine albumin levels (by Microalbumin 2-1 Combo Test Strips), and the duration of diabetes were recorded.
Results
The study indicated that 62.1% of the participants were microalbuminuric while 2.4% were macroalbuminuric. The risk of microalbuminuria was 4.55 higher in patients aged 60-69 years (95% CI: 1.32-16.51), and 17.4 times higher in patients aged 70 and above (95% CI: 1.49-202.86) compared to individuals aged below 50 years. Patients with high blood sugar level had a risk of 8.09 times higher compared to those with normal blood sugar (CI: 2.53-25.86). Also, the odds were 7.89 higher in patients who lived with diabetes for 10-14 years compared to those lived with the disease less than 5 years (95% CI:1.33-45.59).
Conclusion
The odds of microalbuminuria increased significantly as the patient gets older, with high blood sugar, and the duration of diabetes. Health policies need to establish programs that enhance care at the diabetic clinic through regular screening for microalbuminuria to reduce the risk of developing kidney and cardiovascular complications.
Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2021;4(1):84-97
Ophthalmic Anthropometry among Rural Dwellers in Mashonaland Central Province, Zimbabwe
Authors: Samuel Kyei , Selassie Tagoh , Michael Kwarteng , Evans Aboagye 
Published: April 2021

Introduction
The measures of ophthalmic anthropometric parameters may vary among races and ethnic groups but are of immense importance in clinical diagnosis and management of oculo-visual defects. There is paucity of data on these measures among the Zimbabwean population.
Purpose
The aim was to determine ophthalmic anthropometric parameters among rural dwellers in Zimbabwe.
Methods
Six ophthalmic anthropometric parameters including interpupillary distance (IPD), head width (HW), temple width (TW), length to bend (LTB), and apical radius were measured using a pupillometer, PD rule, Head width calipers, Fairbank facial gauge, and ABDO frame rule.
Results
A total of 471 participants aged 18 to 100 years (mean age = 55.13; SD± 17.33 years). Of the 471 participants, 206 (43.7%) were males and 265 (56.3%) were females. A mean interpupillary distance at far was 65.57 ± 4.80 mm, mean temple width of 12.49 ± 1.53 cm, mean head width of 13.61 ± 1.39 cm and a side length to bend of 10.24 ± 1.20 cm and the apical radius was 9.94 ± 1.37. There was a significant (P < 0.05) difference between the ophthalmic anthropometric parameters of males and females except for temple width and apical radius.
Conclusion
A narrower interpupillary distance but a wider temple width was observed among adult Zimbabweans. A significant difference in ophthalmic anthropometric parameters between males and females were observed except for temple width and apical radius. This should inform eyewear manufacturers and importers of frames on the facial and ocular parameters of Zimbabweans to improve the aesthetics and ensure a comfortable vision for wearers of already-made near vision spectacles for presbyopes.
Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2021;4(1):99-111
ANALISIS TINGKAT KEPUASAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP PELAYANAN DENGAN METODE IMMPORTANCE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS (IPA)
Authors: Badiatul Musyarofah  , Ilmadi  , Tabah Heri Setiawan  , Isnurani  
Published: April 2021

Satu diantara kebutuhan manusia yang wajib di penuhi yaitu kebutuhan untuk mengkonsumsi makanan. Berdasarkan data BPS tahun 2018, pengeluaran manusia di dominasi oleh pengelularan terhadap kebutuhan primer. Di Indonesia sendiri, persentase pengeluaran masyarakat pada sisi konsumtif yaitu sebesar 53%, (BPS, 2018). Hal ini menunjukan bahwa bisnis dalam bidang makanan di Indonesia cukup menjanjikan. Saat ini gaya hidup masyarakat sudah banyak mengalami perubahan, seperti pola hidup yang lebih sering menghabiskan waktu untuk makan di luar rumah. Banyaknya rumah makan sebenarnya memiliki dampak positif bagi konsumen, karena dengan banyaknya rumah makan, maka konsumen akan memiliki banyak pilihan. Namun bagi pelaku usaha, menyebabkan semakin ketatnya persaingan di dunia bisnis kuliner, sehingga harus memiliki strategi khusus untuk menarik minat para konsumennya. Karena hal tersebut, penulis ingin melakukan penelitian guna mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat kepuasan konsumen terhadap rumah makan yang telah penulis pilih, yaitu Rumah Makan Pecak Bandeng Bunda Fiqrah. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan media kuesioner untuk mendapatkan data opini para konsumen terkait Rumah Makan Pecak Bandeng Bunda Fiqrah. Kuesioner tersebut berisi 5 indikator variabel penilaian kepuasan konsumen terhadap rumah makan. Selanjutnya kuesioner tersebut di hitung menggunakan metode IPA (Importance Performance Analysis), sehingga dapat diketahui persentase kepuasan konsumen terhadap Rumah Makan Pecak Bandeng Bunda Fiqrah.
OPTIMASI PRODUKSI TAHU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE PROGRAM DINAMIK
Authors: Neneng Herawati  , Aden  , Irvana Arofah  , Besse Arnawisuda Ningsi  
Published: April 2021

Perekonomian di Indonesia sekarang ini mengalami resesi yang sangat hebat karena dampak pandemic Covid-19, hal ini terlihat dari pertumbuhan ekonomi yang melambat hingga di bawah 5% pada akhir tahun 2020. Persaingan bisnispun semakin ketat, demikian pula perusahaan “Tahu” harus mengalami persaingan yang sangat ketat. Perusahaan harus dapat memenuhi permintaan yang datang, dan disisi lain perusahaan harus dapat menekan biaya produksi keseluruhan untuk menekan biaya jual beli Tahu agar mendapat keuntungan yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana optimalisasi produksi tahu dengan menggunakan metode program dinamik rekursif. Untuk meramal jumlah produksi yang harus diproduksi pada periode mendatang digunakan regresi linier, kemudian untuk menghitung biaya produksi minimum dan keuntungan sesuai dengan hasil penjadwalan digunakan metode program dinamik. Dari hasil ramalan pada data produksi Tahu Januari-Desember 2020 didapat model untuk periode mendatang adalah sebagai berikut : Y` = 1925 + 39 X. Sehingga jadwal produksi Tahu untuk 12 periode mendatang Januari-Desember 2020 adalah (2457, 2496, 2536, 2575, 2615, 2654, 2693, 2733, 2772, 2812, 2851, 2890 Kg). Untuk meminimumkan biaya produksi maka digunakan metode program dinamik dengan fungsi tujuan, sehingga didapat total biaya minimum sebesar Rp. 20.292.100,-.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS KERJA MAHASISWA PRAKTEK MENGGUNAKAN METODE ANALISIS FAKTOR DI CV. RAMA TEKNIK
Authors: Jenita Aryanti Radjah  , Aden  , Ilmadi  , Nina Valentina  , Isnurani  
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas kinerja Mahasiswa praktek di Cv. Rama Teknik dengan menggunakan metode Analisis Faktor. Kerja Praktek bagi Mahasiswa merupakan salah satu bagian terpenting untuk mengembangkan Ilmu Pengetahuan yang telah dapatkan dari pendidikan formal dalam Kampus. Tujuan Analisis faktor itu sendiri adalah untuk mereduksi sejumlah informasi dari variabel-variabel asli menjadi lebih kecil dengan tidak kehilangan informasi yang penting. Pengambilan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuesioner terhadap 73 orang respoden di Cv. Rama Teknik yang kemudian datanya di Analisis dengan progam SPSS 24. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian analisis faktor ini, diperoleh 5 faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas Kinerja Mahasiswa Praktek yaitu yang pertama : faktor 1 (F1) memiliki nilai sebesar 0,561 (56,1%), faktor 2 (F2) sebesar 0,563 (56,3%), faktor 3 (F3) sebesar 0,604 (60,4%), faktor 4 (F4) sebesar 0,750 (75%) dan faktor 5 (F5) sebesar 0,557 (55,7%).
Teaching Strategies for Enhancing Student’s Learning
Authors: Abulhul Zeinab 
Published: April 2021

There are various teaching methods and learning styles. These methods mostly focus on students' learning capacities for better understanding and engagement. Educational principles and pedagogy focus on the type of students' learning, the type of teaching tool, and the classroom environment. These three aspects can help students and instructors facilitate the learning process and make it easily absorbable. This paper aims to shed light on various teaching strategies and class activities that instructors could use in their teaching methods to enhance student’s learning. The author shows five strategies that are effective for teaching college students. These strategies can help students meet their educational needs and stimulate their brains to expand their knowledge and learning. These methods are as follows: presenting short lectures to refresh students' attention to the class lesson and help their brains come up with ideas about the topic based on their daily experience, brainstorming that is a class group activity helping students work together and learn how to value each other opinions, group reports that encourage students to be familiar with strategies of writing a report as a conclusion for the group meeting, technology-based activities that develops students' educational skills in broadening their self-learning, and PowerPoint presentation that helps students review what they have learned in the class.
Utilisation of outcome measures by therapy teams in an NHS Trust
Authors: McCracken Alison , O'Donoghue Annette , Peel Rosemary 
Published: April 2021

Background: Outcome measures need to be used by allied health professionals (AHPs) to measure clinical effectiveness, as well as communicate with patients and commissioners.
Methods: A survey of current use of outcome measures was conducted across acute and community therapies departments (dietetics, occupational therapy, physiotherapy and speech & language therapy services) within University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation Trust (UHMBT).
Results: There was a 17% response rate with 51 respondents completing the survey. 25% of respondents used outcome measures with every patient, 24% at least once per day, 22% at least once per week, and 29% rarely or never. Most therapists felt confident that they are able to score outcome measures accurately (mode rating for confidence: 8/10). However, 1 in 5 therapists reported low (≤5/10) confidence in using outcome measures. There was wide variation in the outcome measures used by respondents. The most commonly used outcome measures were the Berg Balance Scale (n=13) and the Therapies Outcome Measure (TOMS) – Multifactorial Conditions (n= 9). However there were 35 outcome measure tools cited as being used by only 1 respondent each. Themes from comments included: ‘considering change’ and barriers to outcome measure use as ‘COVID-19 impact’, ‘staffing pressures’ or ‘brief-intervention services’.
Conclusion: Whilst a wide variety of outcome measures are used by therapy staff at UHMBT, they are not used with sufficient frequency to allow routine monitoring of clinical effectiveness. Being able to measure the impact of different models of service delivery would be particularly beneficial where service changes are implemented rapidly in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Next steps could draw on evidence from previous studies by identifying suitable outcome measures (including those suitable for use in remote consultations), and developing a training programme to encourage the routine use of outcome measures in practice.
Pharmacological Management of Endometriosis-related Pain: The Expert Opinion
Authors: Dubrovina Svetlana O , Berlim Yuliya D , Bezhenar Vitaly F , Gimbut Vitaly S , Baranov Igor I 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
HIGHLIGHTS

Endometriosis treatment is still a challenge for modern medicine
Therapy with combined oral contraceptives (COCs) may be reconsidered at least for some patients
Progestogens may be an effective alternative to COCs when it comes to endometriosis-related pelvic pain

Aim
The aim of this review article was to analyze and summarize the current treatment options of endometriosis-associated pain to provide additional information about treatment personalization for clinicians.

Background
Despite numerous studies being published, endometriosis is still one of the main challenges in gynecology. The etiology of endometriosis is unclear while its mechanism is believed to be connected to the peritoneal endometriotic lesions via retrograde menstruation, immunity abnormalities, and genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Patients with endometriosis generally have to cope with chronic pelvic pain which definitely affects the quality of life. The disease is often characterized by a persistent recurrent course; therefore, when choosing a treatment, special attention should be paid not only to its efficacy, but also to long-term safety, tolerability, and compliance.

Review results
Actual and relevant publications in PubMed and eLibrary databases were studied. The authors highlight the pathogenic mechanisms of endometriosis and the current state of pharmacological management options. The available evidence on the use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) for pelvic pain is critically assessed and the authors propose their opinion on the alternative treatment options with progestogens which seem to be an effective alternative to COCs with a more favorable safety profile.

Conclusion
Progestogens are an effective alternative to COCs in the treatment of endometriosis-associated pain; however, further well-conducted trials are needed in both types of therapy.

Clinical significance
The results of this literature review provide additional information to enable clinicians to personalize the treatment of endometriosis-associated pain.
How to cite this article
Dubrovina SO, Berlim YD, Bezhenar VF, et al. Pharmacological Management of Endometriosis-related Pain: The Expert Opinion. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2020;12(6):415–420.