bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Barriers to Offshore Green-Hydrogen Production
Authors: Jacobs Trent 
Published: November 2021

The stage is set to begin making “green” hydrogen from the world’s abundant supply of seawater. But whether this niche-within-a-niche can stand on its own and become a competitive energy source remains uncertain.
Today, only about 1% of man-made hydrogen is considered to be green, and not a single atom of it is produced offshore.
In the offshore concept, the green label will be earned by splitting the hydrogen out of desalinated seawater with electrolyzers that run on renewable wind energy.
This represents an opportunity for oil and gas companies to not just lower their carbon footprints, but to leverage billions of dollars’ worth of existing offshore infrastructure.
Their platforms can host the electrolyzers. Their pipelines can transfer the product to shore. They may even be able to power their offshore facilities using the hydrogen produced at sea.
Offshore producers should also have no problem finding a market. PriceWaterhouseCoopers said in a report from last year that green-hydrogen exports could be worth $300 billion annually by 2050, supporting some 400,000 jobs globally.
However, the first set of offshore pilots are still in planning mode. It will take a few more years to assess the results once they start up. That means we may not know if offshore hydrogen is commercially viable until decade’s end.
Some of the biggest barriers that must be overcome were highlighted by a panel of leading hydrogen experts at the recent Offshore Technology Conference (OTC) in Houston.

Green Hydrogen in the Red
“The major hurdle is still the cost,” explained René Peters. “The cost of hydrogen production with electrolysis is still extremely high compared to gray- and blue-hydrogen production.”
Peters is the business director at the Dutch technology group TNO which is one of a dozen partners trying to launch PosHYdon, the pilot for offshore hydrogen production. Startup is expected by early 2023 on a normally unmanned oil and gas platform operated by independent oil and gas company Neptune Energy.
Peters’ comments on cost were not relegated to the offshore aspect since all green hydrogen is made onshore today. In terms of tipping point for profitability, these are the relevant benchmarks.
Technology Focus: Offshore Drilling and Completion (October 2021)
Authors: Rylance Martin 
Published: November 2021

Communication and prediction are symmetrical. Communication, in effect, is prediction about what has happened. And prediction is communication about what is going to happen. Few industries contain as many phases, steps, and levels of interface between the start and end product as the oil and gas industry—field, office, offshore, plant, subsea, downhole, not to mention the disciplinary, functional, managerial, logistics handovers, and boundaries that exist. It therefore is hardly surprising that communication, in all its varied forms, is at the very heart of our business.
The papers selected this month demonstrate how improved communication can deliver the prediction required for a variety of reasons, including safety, efficiency, and informational purposes. The application of new and exciting ways of working, partially accelerated by recent events, is leading to breakthrough improvements on all levels. Real-time processing, improved visualization, and predictive and machine-learning methods, as well as improvements in all forms of data communication, are all contributing to incremental enhancements across the board.
This month, I encourage the reader to review the selected articles and determine where and how the communication and prediction are occurring and what they are delivering. Then perhaps consider performing an exercise wherein your own day-to-day roles—your own areas of communication, interfacing, and cooperation—are reviewed to see what enhancements you can make as an individual. You may be pleasantly surprised that some simple tweaks to your communication style, frequency, and format can deliver quick wins. In an era of remote working for many individuals, it is an exercise that has some value.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
OTC 30184 - Augmented Machine-Learning Approach of Rate-of-Penetration Prediction for North Sea Oil Field by Youngjun Hong, Seoul National University, et al.
OTC 31278 - A Digital Twin for Real-Time Drilling Hydraulics Simulation Using a Hybrid Approach of Physics and Machine Learning by Prasanna Amur Varadarajan, Schlumberger, et al.
OTC 31092 - Integrated Underreamer Technology With Real-Time Communication Helped Eliminate Rathole in Exploratory Operation Offshore Nigeria by Raphael Chidiogo Ozioko, Baker Hughes, et al.
Analysis plan for primary cohort GWAS for blood lipid levels for the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium
Authors: Willer Cristen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This protocol describes the guidelines for generating GWAS summary statistics that were provided to all participating cohorts in the Global Lipids Genetics Consortium HRC + 1KGP3 imputation meta-analysis collected jointly with the GIANT consortium. It is applicable for generating the input phenotype and genotype files for use with the rvtests software. Key stages include imputation, generating phenotype files, and running the analysis to generate summary statistics. The exact time needed to carry out this protocol varies depending on the existing genotype files and size of the cohort. The latest version of rvtests is available at: http://zhanxw.github.io/rvtests/
Study of The Sorption of The Total Phenolic Compounds From Olive Mill Wastewater By Natural Soils: Conventional and Under Microwave Irradiation Kinetics.
Authors: Arabi Malika , Elias Abdelhamid , Younes Yasmine Ait , Kamel Ziane , Toumert Idir , Mansouri Belkacem 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The elimination of total phenolic compounds (TPC) from olive mill wastewater was studied by sorption under the conditions: conventional and under microwave irradiation on previously characterized soils. The sorption process has been studied in batch using inorganic materials in their natural states for sustainable development.The characterizations of the soils have shown variability in potential of hydrogen (4.6-8.9) in total nitrogen between 0.5 and 2.5% and in mineral matter which varies between 5.86 and 15.16%. On the other hand, the mineralogical characterization showed that the three soils are composed of several clay and non-clay minerals.The experimental data were analyzed using reaction models and diffusion models. The pseudo second order kinetic model provides the best correlation. It best represents the kinetics of adsorption by the natural adsorbents N1, N3 and R.The sorption models of LANGMUIR, FREUNDLICH and DUBININ-RADUSHKEVICH were used for the mathematical description of the conventional adsorption equilibrium. The best correlations were obtained with the model of LANGMUIR (r2 > 0.95) on soils N1 and N3 unlike the models of FREUNDLICH and DUBININ-RADUSHKEVICH (r2 < 0.65). The soil R can be represented by the model of FREUNDLICH (r2 ≥ 0.96) and the model of LANGMUIR (r2 > 0.93). The latter is confirmed by the value of the dimensionless coefficient RL. Removal rates of TPC were calculated. The value obtained (71 %) showed that the soil N1 is a good adsorbent. The results are satisfactory and promising.
A comparative study of ionothermal treatment of rice straw using triflate and acetate-based ionic liquids
Authors: Jisha K.J. , Rajamani Sunita , Singh Dharmendra , Sharma Gyanendra , Gardas Ramesh L. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have found applications in the pretreatment of waste lignocellulosic biomass by interacting with the carbohydrate molecules present in the biomass materials. Pretreatment is essential before biomass conversion into valuable chemicals, fuels, and many other value-added products. This comparative study mainly focused on the pretreatment ability of four ILs having acetate or triflate as a common anion with different cations. Among various studied ILs, diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU)-based acidic ionic liquid when used as a dual solvocatalyst showed significant structural modifications of the rice straw (RS) sample, through C6-O bond breakage assisted by the tertiary nitrogen in DBU cation. Structural modifications due to the pretreatment were confirmed through SEM, PXRD, and FTIR analysis. The elemental analysis confirmed that carbon content in original RS is reduced to 29% and 20% upon ionothermal treatment of RS with IL at 90 °C and 120 °C, respectively. Additionally, TGA indicated that further pyrolysis could be easier with the pretreated rice straw yielding biochar up to 9% thereby reducing wastes. Conversion of RS was found to be 60 % which reduced marginally to 50 % after three cycles of recycling IL. The findings of this work provide the proof of concept that studied ILs with high thermal stability and recyclability should act as a potential solvocatalyst in sustainable pretreatment and other biomass applications.
Electrocatalytic Degradation of Sulfameth Thiadiazole by GAC@Ni/Fe Three-Dimensional Particle Electrode
Authors: Li Siwen , Lin Yingzi , Zhu SuiYi , Liu Gen 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this work, GAC@Ni/Fe particle electrodes were prepared and employed for the degradation of Sulfamethylthiadiazole (SMT) by three-dimensional electrocatalytic technology.The effects of particle electrode bi-metal loading ratio, cell voltage, particle electrode dosage, electrode plate spacing and SMT initial concentration on SMT removal were studied.In addition, GAC@Ni/Fe particle electrode was analyzed by the scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) to characterize . which indicated that a significant amount of Iron-nickel oxide were formed on the surface of GAC@Ni/Fe particle electrode.The results indicated that when the nickel-iron loading ratio is 1:1, the SMT removal effect is the best, and the removal rate can reach 90.89% within 30 minutes,Compared with the granular activated carbon without bimetal, the removal efficiency is increased by 37.58%. The degradation of SMT in the GAC@Ni/Fe particle three-dimensional electrode reactor is the joint result of both direct oxidation and indirect oxidation. The contribution rates of direct oxidation of anode and particle electrode and indirect oxidation of ·OH in the degradation are 32%, 27% and 41%, respectively. Based on the intermediate detected by ultra high liquid chromatography and the calculation of bond energy of SMT molecule by Gauss software，the degradation pathway of SMT in the GAC@Ni/Fe three-dimensional electrode reactor is proposed. This research provides a green, healthy and effective method for removing sulfonamide micro-polluted wastewater.
Using Machine Learning to Identify At-risk Students in an Introductory Programming Course at a Two-year Public College
Authors: Cooper Cameron I. , Cooper Kamea J. , Collyer Cameron 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Nationally, more than one-third of students enrolling in introductory computer science programming courses (CS101) do not succeed. To improve student success rates, this research team used supervised machine learning to identify students who are “at-risk” of not succeeding in CS101 at a two-year public college. The resultant predictive model accurately identifies \(\approx\)99% of “at-risk” students in an out-of-sample test data set. The programming instructor piloted the use of the model’s predictive factors as early alert triggers to intervene with individualized outreach and support across three course sections of CS101 in fall 2020. The outcome of this pilot study was a 23% increase in student success and a 7.3 percentage point decrease in the DFW rate. More importantly, this study identified academic, early alert triggers for CS101. Specifically, the first two graded programs are of paramount importance for student success in the course.
Stakeholder Insights Into a Systems-Based Suicide Prevention Program Implemented in Regional and Rural Tasmanian Communities
Authors: Grattidge Laura , Mond Jonathan , Auckland Stuart , Purton Terry , Lees David 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose: Emerging evidence indicates that systems-based suicide prevention programs can help optimise suicide prevention activities, with the National Suicide Prevention Trial using these approaches in regional and community contexts throughout Australia. The Tasmanian arm of the Trial adopted the LifeSpan systems framework to deliver suicide prevention activities across three distinct geographical areas, focusing on high-risk populations of men aged 40-64 and people 65 and over. The University of Tasmania’s Centre for Rural Health undertook a local-level evaluation of the Trial in Tasmania.Aims: To explore key stakeholder perceptions of the implementation of a systems-based suicide prevention program in regional and rural communities in Tasmania, Australia.Method: Focus groups and interviews with 46 participants, comprising Working Group members (n=25), Tasmania’s Primary Health Network employees (n=7), and other key stakeholders (n=14), with the majority (53.3%) reporting a lived experience of suicide. Thematic analysis was used to explore data and study aims.Results: Key themes centred on how the National Suicide Prevention Trial was understood and established in Tasmania; Working Group governance structures and processes; communication and engagement processes; reaching priority population groups; the LifeSpan model and activity development; and the effectiveness and sustainability of activities.Discussion: Findings showed communities were wary of suicide and wanted to engage to take action and the Trial provided the resources and coordination to do so. Perceived limitations implementing the Trial included varied involvement of key stakeholders, and lack of role clarity within Working Groups. Barriers delivering activities to the priority population groups suggested a strict adherence to the Lifespan model was challenging. Working Groups embraced a pragmatic approach, preferring activities that best utilised available capital and resources to meet perceived needs within communities. While a focus on effectiveness and sustainability of activities was seen as important, barriers at the community-level, i.e. nobody to run them, hindered these efforts. Analysis of stakeholder perceptions provides crucial insights for guiding future community-based suicide prevention efforts in regional and rural areas, and with high-risk groups.
Reefscapes of fear assess tradeoffs of risk and reward on coral reefs
Authors: Malone Margaret A. , de Chevalier Gregorio , Whelan Christopher J. , Brown Joel S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Degradation of coral reef habitats changes the abundance and community composition of fishes due in part to changes in the ecology of fear. The ecology of fear sees the predator-prey system as a dynamic game of behavioral responses to perceived risk with population and community level consequences. We measure spatial variation in predation risk as landscapes of fear. We consider changes in predation risk with habitat quality and examine the effects of fear on coral reefs in Kāne‘ohe Bay, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i. First, we associate fish and benthic communities on patch reefs with varying degradation due to invasive algae (Euchema spp. and Kappaphycus spp.). Next, we quantify the spatio-temporal variation of risk (reefscape of fear) of a common Hawaiian fish (saddle wrasse, hīnālea lau wili, Thalassoma duperrey) across reefs of varying degradation. Finally, we assess the tradeoffs in resource availability and predation risk on these reefs. At the scale of whole reefs, saddle wrasse responded to perceived risk. Intensity of patch use (measured by giving-up densities) by wrasse indicated risky reefs. Such reefs differed in benthic and fish community composition. We demonstrated the impact of an altered reefscape of fear due to habitat degradation. Habitat degradation seems to influence the tradeoff between resource availability and safety. From wrasse abundances and their patch use behavior we can classify the reefs into categories based on risk and resource availability. Allowing fish to reveal their perceptions of habitat qualities through their behaviors provides critical information for assessing and monitoring reefs.
Do Different Samples From Pregnant Women and Their Neonates Share the Common Microbiome: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Park Jee Yoon , Yoon Huiyoung , Lee Seung-been , Kim Hyeon Ji , Jung Young Hwa , Choi Chang Won , Shin Jong-Yeon , Park Joong Shin , Seo Jeong-Sun 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

We characterized the microbiome composition from various samples in pregnant women and their neonates and evaluated the association between the distribution of microbiome and obstetric factors.
Results

A prospective study was performed in live births delivered at a single tertiary center between March 2020 and January 2021. Samples collected from pregnant women and their newborns included maternal cervicovaginal discharge (VD), amniotic fluid (AF), umbilical cord blood (CB), neonatal gastric liquid (GL), and meconium. Next-generation sequencing was used to analyze the composition of the microbiome from the samples. We identified 19,597,239 bacterial sequences from the 641 samples. The alpha diversity of the negative control group was slightly higher than that of the VD group. The samples were separated well based on the microbiome pattern unique to their body sites despite the significant batch effects present within our dataset. We observed a higher relative abundance of Lactobacillus at the genus level but lower abundances of Aerococcus, Fusobacterium, Gardnerella, Peptoniphilus, Porphyromonas, and Prevotella in VD. In evaluating the association with clinical data, Staphylococcus in M showed a strong association with preterm birth. The lists of bacterial taxa were connected to the weights of newborn babies in the CB group. The microbiome pattern of GL was similar to that of AF, but not technically identical. Twins did not demonstrate significant differences in the composition of microbiomes from neonate samples.
Conclusions

In this study, samples known to be traditionally sterile, such as AF and CB, showed specific bacterial taxa although they were extremely close to negative controls. The microbiome patterns were grouped according to the body compartments where the samples had been obtained, not according to the mother-fetus/infant pairs. Further studies lowering the possibility of contamination and redeeming the low-biomass specimens are necessary to determine the relationship between microbiomes and specific pathological complications during pregnancy.
Development and Validation of Self-screening Tool for Nutrition Risk in Patients With Gastric Cancer After Gastrectomy: A STUDY PROTOCOL
Authors: Chen Zhiming , Yu Haichi , Yuan Hua , Wang Jia , Wang Qiuchen , Zhu Mingyue , Yao jiannan , Zhang Xiuying , Xue Hui 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: The incidence of malnutrition in patients with gastric cancer after surgery is 59%. The main reason for the high incidence of malnutrition is untimely nutrition screening and low compliance with nutrition treatment. In order to enable home patients to know their nutritional status in time, we have developed and validated nutritional risk screening tools for patients with gastric cancer to help patients’ at home find nutritional risks in time and seek medical help. This article introduces the development and verification methods and statistical methods of the tool.Methods: The development of self-nutrition risk screening tool for patients with gastric cancer after gastrectomy (SNRSGC) is divided into four parts：Steps1Identification of a potential referred nutritional risk screening; Steps2Item generation and scoring are selected through literature review methods to screen sensitive indicators that can reflect the nutritional characteristics of patients after gastric cancer surgery, establish the frame and update according to the latest guidelines ；Steps3Item reduction is determined by the rating of SNRSGC items by an expert panel and piloting method to determine the final item; Steps4 In the validation stage, we conducted research design based on the Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments checklist to evaluate the content validity, structure validity, interpretability, and retest validity of SNRSGC.Discussion: SNRSGC is the first screening tool specifically to predict nutrition risk for stay-at-home postoperative patients with gastric cancer.SNRSGC may provide action guidelines and knowledge guidance for patients with gastric cancer at home.Trial registration: Identifier on Chinese Clinical Trials Registry : ChiCTR2100041809 , registered January 06, 2021.
Determinants and Effects of Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Infants at a Tertiary Care Center, Kerala
Authors: Joseph Reny , John Jijo Joseph , David Alice , Sankar Lakshmy , Darvin Dary , Yashik Mohammed 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is the first fundamental right of the child. Globally less than half of the infants of the world are optimally breastfed. Suboptimal breastfeeding can lead to increased respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. This study was undertaken to assess the determinants and effects of EBF among infants at a tertiary care hospital in south India. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was done among infants at the pediatric unit of Believer’s Church Medical College Hospital, from October 2019 to April 2020, using a structured pretested questionnaire. RESULTS: 257 infants were included in the final analysis. 70.4% of babies were exclusively breastfed for the first 6 months, while 80.9% were breastfed within the first hour after birth. Among determinants of exclusive breastfeeding, unemployed mothers and mother’s without a professional qualification were more likely to continue exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months (OR 2.8 95% CI (1.6 – 4.9). and 2.7 95% CI (1.5 – 4.9). respectively). Antenatal counselling appeared to have some beneficial effect but the result was not statistically significant. We did not find significant increase in the number of infections or hospitalizations for respiratory or gastrointestinal infections among the formula fed babies. However, significantly lower number of breastfed babies had constipation (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2 – 0.9) when compared to formula fed babies. CONCLUSION: Significantly higher percentage of infants presenting to our hospital have been exclusively breastfed as compared to the state average. The major determinant of EBF was maternal education and employment and the main effect of EBF was a protection against constipation.