bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding stock market instability via graph auto-encoders
Authors: Gorduza Dragos , Zohren Stefan , Dong Xiaowen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Understanding stock market instability is a key question in financial management as practitioners seek to forecast breakdowns in long-run asset co-movement patterns which expose portfolios to rapid and devastating collapses in value. These disruptions are linked to changes in the structure of market wide stock correlations which increase the risk of high volatility shocks. The structure of these co-movements can be described as a network where companies are represented by nodes while edges capture correlations between their price movements. Co-movement breakdowns then manifest as abrupt changes in the topological structure of this network. Measuring the scale of this change and learning a timely indicator of breakdowns is central in understanding both financial stability and volatility forecasting. We propose to use the edge reconstruction accuracy of a graph auto-encoder as an indicator for how homogeneous connections between assets are, which we use, based on the literature of financial network analysis, as a proxy to infer market volatility. We show, through our experiments on the Standard and Poor’s index over the 2015-2022 period, that the reconstruction errors from our model correlate with volatility spikes and can be used to improve out-of-sample autoregressive modeling of volatility. Our results demonstrate that market instability can be predicted by changes in the homogeneity in connections of the financial network which expands the understanding of instability in the stock market. We discuss the implications of this graph machine learning-based volatility estimation for policy targeted at ensuring financial market stability.
The Long-Term Effects of Radial Head Excision for Mason Type 3 Radial Head Fracture
Authors: DASHTBOZORG Ahmad , SHARIATZADEH Hooman , SHARIATI Sina , SHARIATIRAD Mahmoud 
Published: February 2025

Background: Radial head fractures with comminution and displacement present challenges in achieving optimal treatment outcomes in the long term. This study aims to evaluate the long-term effects of radial head excision (RHE) in patients with Mason type 3 fractures. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients with a Mason type 3 radial head fracture who underwent primary RHE between January 2010 and January 2020. The primary outcome was the Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS). Additionally, joint stability and arthritis, and the carrying angle were recorded for each patient. Results: In total, 61 patients (21; 34% female) with a follow-up range of 3–13 years were examined. The mean (SD) total MEPS was 91.8 (9.2). The results were excellent for 46, good for 12 and fair for 3 patients. A model of total MEPS adjusted for sex, age and follow-up time showed a significant effect of patient age on treatment success (p < 0.001). Thirteen patients (21%) showed elbow instability. Six individuals had increased valgus laxity. The mean carrying angle was 19° (range: 11°–27°) on the injured side and 9° (4°–15°) on the uninjured side, t(120) = 12.608, p < 0.001. Overall, 37 patients had degenerative changes in the operative elbow. Conclusions: Benefits of RHE persist for a long time with predominantly excellent elbow function and minimal complications. An increase in the carrying angle, joint instability and degenerative changes are to be expected. Patient age at the time of the surgery can affect treatment outcomes. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Arthroscopic Thermal Capsular Shrinkage with Open Dorsal Radiocarpal Ligament Tensioning for Palmar Midcarpal Instability: Surgical Technique and Preliminary Outcomes
Authors: CHANG Chih-Hsun , WU Chin-Hsien , WANG Jung-Pan , HUANG Hui-Kuang 
Published: February 2025

Background: Palmar midcarpal instability (PMCI) is often neglected in diagnosis and lacks a gold standard treatment. It is primarily associated with dorsal radiocarpal (DRC) ligament insufficiency. We used a combined approach of arthroscopic thermal capsular shrinkage and open DRC ligament suture tensioning for symptomatic PMCI and present our outcomes. Methods: From 2018 to 2022, nine PMCI patients (mean age: 32 years) underwent this treatment. The mean symptom duration was 15.3 months, with a mean follow-up of 16.8 months. Outcomes were measured by wrist ROM, grip strength, VAS for pain, Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) and modified Mayo Wrist scores. Results: All patients showed significant improvement in pain, grip strength and function, with maintained radiocarpal stability at final follow-up. Although wrist ROM showed mild limitation after surgery, all patients returned to their previous work and activities. Conclusions: This approach may provide an effective and less aggressive treatment for PMCI. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic)
Biomarkers of Radioresistance in Head and Neck Cancer: A New Beginning
Authors: Rao Yuan James 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The development of biomarkers of radioresistance in head and neck cancer may help personalize treatment. This commentary puts in context the findings of a secondary analysis of NRG/RTOG 9512, a trial of fractionation in T2N0 glottic cancer, which observed that NFE2L2/KEAP1/CUL3 mutations are correlated with local recurrence and disease-free survival.
See related article by Guan et al., p. XX
Looking Back to Look Forward: Leveraging Historical Models for Future-Oriented Caregiving
Authors: Winn Maisha T. , Tottenham Nim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
What can we - as educators, parents, researchers, community members - learn from independent Black institutions about expansive ways to support the well-being of children and their families? And why and how ought we look back to look forward, regarding caregiving that is culturally relevant and sustaining? Here, we explore independent Black institutions as educational contexts in and through which Identity, Purpose, and Direction were cultivated with intention to support robust learning opportunities. We begin to unpack these rich, historic sites of caregiving with attention to data and messaging around how to nurture children as affirmed and agentive learners, and with respect to the role and value of nested communities that include biological family and invested educators.
A Worldview of Care & a New Economics
Authors: Garlow Elizabeth , Slaughter Anne-Marie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This essay draws upon scientific insights around care and caregiving, alongside new economic proposals, to distill a worldview of care. This worldview proceeds from an abstraction of human nature and needs that is both individual and relational, departing from Maslows hierarchy of needs by putting the need for belonging and connection with others on the same plane as self-actualization. In doing so, we reflect on the ways care is only narrowly valued in our status quo economy and current systems of measurement, and encourage a more holistic understanding of value and wealth, rooted in relational terms. We put forth some ideas for how policymaking processes could draw upon a worldview of care to support economic reforms.
Neural substrates underlying multisensory stiffness perception via active touch
and dynamic visual feedback
Authors: Liu Juan , Callan Akiko , Wada Atsushi , Ando Hiroshi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Humans perceive the physical properties of objects through active touch to acquire information that is unavailable by passive observation (e.g., pinching an object to estimate its stiffness). Previous functional neuroimaging studies have investigated neural representations of multisensory shape and texture perception using active touch and static images of objects. However, in active visuo-haptic perception, in addition to static visual information from the object itself, dynamic visual feedback of exploratory actions is a crucial cue. To integrate multisensory signals into a unitary percept, the brain must determine whether somatosensory sensation and dynamic visual feedback are congruent and caused by the same exploratory action. The influence of dynamic visual feedback during exploratory actions has not yet been examined, and the neural substrates for multisensory stiffness perception are still unknown. Here, we developed a functional magnetic resonance imaging-compatible device that enables users to perceive the stiffness of a virtual spring by pinching two finger plates and obtaining real-time visual feedback from the finger plate movements. After confirming the integration of visual and haptic cues in behavioral experiments, we investigated neural regions for multisensory stiffness signal processing and action-feedback congruency separately in two functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments. Modulating the stiffness level and contrasting bimodal/unimodal conditions revealed that multisensory stiffness information converged to the bilateral superior parietal lobules and supramarginal gyri, while congruent action-feedback conditions elicited significantly stronger neural responses in the left mid-cingulate cortex, left postcentral gyrus, and bilateral parietal opercula. Further analysis using dynamic causal modeling suggested top-down modulatory connections from the left mid-cingulate cortex to the bilateral parietal opercula and left postcentral gyrus when visual feedback was consistent with finger movements. Our results shed light on the neural mechanisms involved in estimating object properties from active touch and dynamic visual feedback, which may involve two distinct neural networks: one for multisensory signal processing and the other for action-feedback congruency judgment.
The effects of childhood epilepsy training on knowledge and awareness among teachers
Authors: Kuzlu Ayyıldız Tülay , Aktaş Eda , Özsavran Musa , Seval Müge , Üstündağ Mükerrem , Çiftçi Duygu 
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of childhood epilepsy training provided by paediatric nurses to teachers in Türkiye. Design: Experimental design. Setting: Three primary schools located in Zonguldak, Türkiye. Methods: The study took place between October 2022 and June 2023. Thirty teachers were allocated to an intervention group and 30 teachers to a control group. An Information Form, the Childhood Epilepsy Knowledge and Epilepsy Awareness Questionnaire for Teachers, and a Childhood Epilepsy Knowledge and Awareness Booklet for Teachers were used to collect data before the training, immediately after the training, and at 1 month after the training to assess retention. Data were analysed using SPSS for Windows. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the intervention and control group participants’ epilepsy awareness scores for teachers at the first, second and third measurement times ( F = 44.312; p < 0.05). At the second and third measurements in the intervention group, the epilepsy knowledge and awareness scores of participants were higher than the first measurement scores. Conclusion: The childhood epilepsy training provided increased the knowledge and awareness of teachers. Providing teachers with accurate information about epilepsy will likely increase the likelihood that teachers are prepared to ensure that seizures occur without harming the child or causing panic; help reduce the difficulties experienced by children with epilepsy in the classroom; and aid in alleviating the concerns of families with children with epilepsy during their time at school.
District Pandemic Policies and Teachers’ Perceptions of Their Working Conditions in Virginia
Authors: Miller Luke C. , Langerhans Erica Sachs 
Published: February 2025

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic forced districts to rapidly adjust their policies in ways that altered teachers’ working conditions. Teachers’ perceptions of how conditions changed could impact their well-being, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Purpose: We examined the relationships between Virginia teachers’ perceptions of how their working conditions changed, district pandemic policies, and teacher outcomes (job satisfaction and organizational commitment), thereby highlighting a potential pathway through which the pandemic may have influenced teacher outcomes. Research Design and Findings: This descriptive quantitative study leveraged an early spring 2021 statewide survey ( n = 56,229) and unique data on districts’ COVID-related policies. Some 43.7% felt working conditions had stayed about the same since 2019, 33.4% said they had improved, and 22.9% said they had worsened. Teachers were more likely to blame COVID for worsened working conditions than to credit COVID for improvements. District policies predicted teachers’ perceptions, which were significantly related to their outcomes. Notably, more in-person learning predicted perceptions of worsened conditions, and a positive view of how districts communicated policy changes and facilitated teachers’ safe return to school predicted perceptions of improvements. Conclusions: Although no district policy will be viewed positively by all teachers, how districts make and implement decisions will play a role in how teachers respond. Effective communication and ensuring teachers feel safe and supported in schools can help district leaders address divergent views, buffer teachers from stress, and bolster organizational commitment.
Expected Value of Sample Information Calculations for Risk Prediction Model Validation
Authors: Sadatsafavi Mohsen , Vickers Andrew J. , Lee Tae Yoon , Gustafson Paul , Wynants Laure 
Published: February 2025

Background The purpose of external validation of a risk prediction model is to evaluate its performance before recommending it for use in a new population. Sample size calculations for such validation studies are currently based on classical inferential statistics around metrics of discrimination, calibration, and net benefit (NB). For NB as a measure of clinical utility, the relevance of inferential statistics is doubtful. Value-of-information methodology enables quantifying the value of collecting validation data in terms of expected gain in clinical utility. Methods We define the validation expected value of sample information (EVSI) as the expected gain in NB by procuring a validation sample of a given size. We propose 3 algorithms for EVSI computation and compare their face validity and computation time in simulation studies. In a case study, we use the non-US subset of a clinical trial to create a risk prediction model for short-term mortality after myocardial infarction and calculate validation EVSI at a range of sample sizes for the US population. Results Computation methods generated similar EVSI values in simulation studies, although they differed in numerical accuracy and computation times. At 2% risk threshold, procuring 1,000 observations for external validation, had an EVSI of 0.00101 in true-positive units or 0.04938 in false-positive units. Scaled by heart attack incidence in the United States, the population EVSI was 806 in true positives gained, or 39,500 in false positives averted, annually. Validation studies with >4,000 observations had diminishing returns, as the EVSIs were approaching their maximum possible value. Conclusion Value-of-information methodology quantifies the return on investment from conducting an external validation study and can provide a value-based perspective when designing such studies. Highlights In external validation studies of risk prediction models, the finite size of the validation sample leads to uncertain conclusions about the performance of the model. This uncertainty has hitherto been approached from a classical inferential perspective (e.g., confidence interval around the c-statistic). Correspondingly, sample size calculations for validation studies have been based on classical inferential statistics. For measures of clinical utility such as net benefit, the relevance of this approach is doubtful. This article defines the expected value of sample information (EVSI) for model validation and suggests algorithms for its computation. Validation EVSI quantifies the return on investment from conducting a validation study. Value-based approaches rooted in decision theory can complement contemporary study design and sample size calculation methods in predictive analytics.
Nurse/Midwife Health Communication Competencies and Transcultural Effectiveness in Family Health Centers in Türkiye
Authors: Türker Atiye , Alpar Şule Ecevit 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Nurses and midwives in family health centers play a critical role in maintaining effective communication with patients, especially those from diverse cultural backgrounds. This study aimed to explore the health communication competencies of these health care professionals and their impact on intercultural effectiveness. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 61 midwives and 54 nurses working in 34 family health centers. Data were collected using A Demographic Form, Communication Competence Scale, and Intercultural Effectiveness Scale. Result: Regression analysis identified a significant relationship between communication competence and intercultural effectiveness ( F = 14.218; p = .000 < .050). In total, 93.6% of the participants experience language barriers during the care process. Discussion: Given that language barriers are identified as the greatest challenge, it is essential to provide short-term translator support and long-term language education to address this issue effectively. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to improve communication competencies, which are crucial for providing culturally competent care in diverse settings.
Linking LEDGF/p75 Overexpression With Microsatellite Instability and KRAS Mutations: A Small-Scale Study in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Liedtke Victoria , Wartmann Thomas , Shi Wenjie , Kahlert Ulf D. 
Published: February 2025

Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks third in men and second in women, with 153,020 new cases and 52,550 deaths in 2023, and with a projected incidence of 2.2 million new cases by 2030 due to lifestyle changes and enhanced diagnostic capabilities. Identification and analysis of new biomarkers, like lens epithelium-derived growth factor splice variant of 75 kDa (LEDGF/p75), which is known to play a crucial role as stress-related oncogene, can make a significant contribution in facilitating early CRC detection. Methods This study analyzed the expression of LEDGF/p75 and the ubiquitin E2 conjugating enzyme UBC13 in 15 CRC tissue samples and adjacent non-tumor tissues. All patient samples underwent NGS-based mutation analysis beforehand. The western blot technique was used for protein analysis, and the results were further validated using mRNA expression data from 521 patient samples from the TCGA database. Results LEDGF/p75 expression was significantly elevated in nearly all tumor tissue samples compared to adjacent tissue (11/15, 73.3%). Additionally, the UBC13 enzyme, a key regulator in the degradation of signaling molecules, was also increased in most tumor tissue samples (9/15, 60.0%). Co-overexpression of LEDGF/p75 and UBC13 was evident in 6/6 patients. Patients with KRAS and MSH2 mutations showed a 75% and 100% correlation with LEDGF/p75 overexpression, respectively. Conclusion This study confirms the upregulation of LEDGF/p75 in CRC and shows its correlation with KRAS and MSH2 mutations. The interaction of LEDGF/p75 with DNA damage response proteins may contribute to drug resistance and increased tumor aggressiveness. LEDGF/p75’s potential as a prognostic biomarker independent of lymph node involvement or CEA levels highlights its potential in personalized therapy, and warrants further research into its therapeutic targeting.
Nirmatrelvir treatment duration and frequency of COVID-19 rebound
Authors: Sudeep Nathan , Kojima Noah , Klausner Jeffrey D 
Published: February 2025

Background Nirmatrelvir has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19. However, it is underutilized due to concerns regarding COVID-19 symptom rebound following nirmatrelvir’s standard 5-day course. This study aims to identify and evaluate a nirmatrelvir dosage regimen that lowers symptom rebound. Methods Based on nirmatrelvir pharmacokinetics, we propose a novel 8-day regimen: two doses twice-daily followed by six doses once-daily to reduce rebound frequency. We then carried out a retrospective case series study of clinical outcomes among our patients to investigate their frequency of COVID-19 symptom rebound following nirmatrelvir usage. Results Among the 58 prescribed case patients, 49 filled and initiated the prescription. Of those 49 patients, four took the medication for fewer than 5 days, 24 for 5 days (standard regimen), and 21 for 7 or 8 days (extended regimen). Among 5-day treatment cases ( n = 24), 8 (33%) experienced clinical rebound, whereas among the 7-day or 8-day treatment cases ( n = 21), 2 (9.5%) experienced rebound. Conclusions These findings suggest that a longer nirmatrelvir/ritonavir course might reduce rebound symptoms compared to the standard 5-day regimen.
Dementia prevalence within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia National Guard Health System (2015–2023): An exploratory epidemiological study
Authors: Hajjar Samah H , Alsaad Saad M , AlFouzan Maram A , Rohaiem Shaimaa N , Alamri Sultan H , Altamimi Tahani N , Alodhayani Abdulaziz A , Hassanin Hany I , AlHarkan Khalid S , Albalawi Afaf A , Almuzaen Nuzayhah A , Alzahrani Jamaan M , AlAbdulKader Assim M , Almaghaslah Muna A , Alsuhail Abdullah I , Milyani Raneem G , Almashjary Eman N , Balubaid Hashim H , Al Khamis Louay H , Al-Zalabani Abdulmohsen H , Mohammedin Ahmed S 
Published: February 2025

Background Dementia is recognized as one of the prevalent neurocognitive disorders among older adults in Saudi Arabia, yet research efforts on its prevalence remains limited and fragmented, making it difficult to gain a full understanding of its epidemiology. Objective To explore dementia epidemiology and associated data within the older population in the sector of National Guard Health System (NGHS), Saudi Arabia. Methods This was a multicenter study that utilized medical records from NGHS centers across the country. We included data from all individuals aged 50 years and older who sought medical care between January 1, 2015, and January 1, 2023. Results Nearly half of the study's participants were men (51.9%), with the majority being diagnosed between the ages of 70–79 years (38.5%) and 80–89 years (31%). Dementia was identified in 3.37% of participants. The most prevalent subtype was late-onset Alzheimer's disease (35.6%), followed by unspecified dementia (18.4%). Significant differences between genders were observed, particularly in the age at diagnosis (p = 0.003) and the prevalence of ischemic strokes as a risk factor (p < 0.001). Conclusions In this multicenter study utilizing the NGHS cohort, Alzheimer's disease emerged as the most prevalent subtype of dementia. This research has the potential to influence clinical practices by enhancing the early identification and management of dementia and provides a solid foundation for developing evidence-based policy strategies to tackle the increasing challenges of dementia in Saudi Arabia.