bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thought Presentation in Veronica Roth’s "Divergent": Stylistic Analysis
Authors: Adiningtyas Josephine Vania 
Published: January 2021

<p><span lang="IN">There are several ways to scrutinize literature. </span><span>Indeed it is done according to the field of interests or needs. Linguistics is one of the fields that provides the way in analyzing literature through the perspective of a linguist</span><span lang="IN">, which is called stylistics. This research applies a stylistic approach using discourse as the language level, specifically seen through thought presentation in Divergent novel by Veronica Roth. This research endeavours: (1) to discover the types of thought presentation techniques used in the novel and (2) how thought presentation techniques reveal the language style of the author. The writer utilized purposeful sampling method since the first three chapters' data were selected and it presented the plot of why the author titled the novel 'Divergent.' Moreover, one of the aims in this research is to discover the style of the author. Thus the first three chapters were significant for the whole representative sampling. The data were categorized in the thought presentation techniques suggested by Leech and Short (2007) which are namely; Direct Thought (DT), Indirect Thought (IT), Free Direct Thought (FDT), Free Indirect Thought (FIT), and Narrative Report of Thought Acts (NRTA). Three thought presentation techniques were found in the analysis: Free Direct Thought (FDT) 8</span><span>3</span><span lang="IN">% and Free Indirect Thought (FIT) 11% and the least category is Narrative Report of a Thought Acts </span><span>(NRTA) </span><span lang="IN">with </span><span>6</span><span lang="IN">% only. The study concludes that the employment of FDT and FIT as it occurred the most can reveal the author’s style. Roth</span><span>’s style is dramatic since she employs</span><span lang="IN">freer techniques, so that the readers</span><span lang="EN-ID">get a vivid image of what is undergone by the characters. Thus, the thoughts produced obtain a high conscious quality.</span></p>
PENGARUH PERENCANAAN PAJAK PENGARUH PERENCANAAN PAJAK, BEBAN PAJAK TANGGUHAN DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP MANAJEMN LABA (STUDY EMPIRIS PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR PERTAMBANGAN PADA BEI TAHUN 2013 – 2018)
Authors: Faisol Imam Agus 
Published: January 2021

This study aims to examine the effect of tax planning, deferred tax expense and profitability on the earnings management. The population of this research is all mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2013 to 2018. Sampling using purposive sampling method, the sample is selected using certain considerations that are tailored to the purpose of research or study problems developed so that the sample in this study amounted to 7 companies in the third period of the study to 42 companies.
The results of this study indicate that tax planning has no effect on earnings management because earning management by managers tends to occur because self-interest management is not because of principal interest, deferred tax expenses affect earning management and profitability does not affect earning management because profitability is the main concern of stakeholders interests so that management has few gaps to do earning mnagemnet
Rock support in hydropower projects of Nepal: case studies
Authors: Sunuwar Subas Chandra 
Published: January 2021

The principal objective of rock support is to assist the rock mass to support itself. One common example is where the rock support system (e.g. rock bolts and shotcrete) actually becomes integrated with the rock mass. Rock support strengthens the rock mass surrounding an excavation by creating a reinforced zone, which maintains the integrity of the excavated surface, possesses sufficient flexibility to allow for the redistribution of stresses around the excavation, and has enough stiffness to minimise the dilation (opening) of discontinuities. Rock mass classification systems are used worldwide as a basis for tunnel support design. The Q and Rock Mass Rating systems have been extensively applied in rock support design on most of the hydropower projects in Nepal. Generic design guidelines based on rock mass classification systems cannot provide suitable rock support for every site. Therefore some modifications are necessary to suite the site-specific ground conditions including local rock mass and geological hazards.
There are relatively few tunnels excavated in the tectonically active Nepal Himalaya. Large diameter tunnels in Nepal are commonly lined with concrete whereas recently smaller-diameter tunnels are either shotcrete-lined or left unsupported. "Leaky" lining has been used in most of the projects to avoid the heavy reinforcement needed to withstand the occasional very high external water pressures.
A "Total Slope Analysis" methodology applied to an unstable rock slope in Washington, USA
Authors: Strouth A. , Eberhardt E. , Hungr O. 
Published: January 2021

A "Total Slope Analysis" methodology, that combines several numerical techniques, is adopted to investigate an unstable rock slope in Washington State, USA. For this specific study, the distinct-element code UDEC is used to assess the stability and potential failure volume of the rockslide. Once the potential rockslide volume has been estimated and failure mechanism assessed, the runout path, distance and velocity are assessed using the dynamic or rheological flow model DAN3D. Site investigation and data reconnaissance plays an important role for both stages in the "Total Slope Analysis", including outcrop mapping, aerial photograph interpretation, scanline joint surveys and 3-D laser scanning.
The results of the "Total Slope Analysis" can be directly applied to assessment and mitigation of the landslide hazard, greatly aiding engineering judgment by providing key qualitative and quantitative insights into the risk analysis.
Praktyki dokumentowania i wykorzystania dziedzictwa kulturowego Śląska Cieszyńskiego od początku XIX wieku do wybuchu II wojny światowej
Authors: Studnicki Grzegorz 
Published: January 2021

This article is devoted to an interest in local folk culture, regional heritage, and the past of Cieszyn Silesia, as well as to methods extending back through the 19th century for the documentation, popularization, and protection of the unique cultural knowledge of the region. Attention is primarily given to the activities of the Cieszyn Silesians themselves. The author examines multiple sources, including local periodicals, for elements of local culture (folklore, dialects, traditional outfits, customs). He tries to capture how the phenomena of cultural heritage is defined both regionally and nationally, and also how it can be used as a resource in tourism and in broadly-understood identity policy.
Ekspansja ludyczności w kulturze współczesnej
Authors: Hajduk-Nijakowska Janina 
Published: January 2021

The process of the carnivalization of urban space is aided by contemporary media, which, in popularizing myriad events, amplifies community activities ranging from festivals to mass public shows connected with historical events. Contemporary fascination with such phenomena finds its sources in ritualized models of paratheatrical activity rooted in the traditions of peasant culture, as well as in forms of mass folk protest. As a result, we can observe the rapidly-developing ability of citydwellers to occupy public space while creating emotional communities that extend into virtual, and other, realms, with the aim of realizing political goals.
Utracone w XX wieku. O przeszłości podbełchatowskich wsi przed wydobyciem węgla brunatnego (zarys problematyki badawczej na wybranym przykładzie wsi Wola Grzymalina)
Authors: Czepas Piotr 
Published: January 2021

This article presents ethnographic research undertaken in the region of Bałchatów at the initiative of the Archaeological and Ethnographic Museum in Łódź. The primary focus of the research is upon villages that do not exist at present, having been liquidated during the construction of the brown coal opencast mine known as “Bełchatów”. Of special interest has been the village of Wola Grzymalina, nonexistant since the 1980s. The study’s objective has been to reconstruct the village’s spatial layout, including traces of the social and economic lives of its residents, and to track the liquidation process itself. Special attention has been paid to the building industry, small industry and crafts, and commercial contacts. The study has also located material remnants of the former village which survived thanks to relocation. The research at hand is presented against a backdrop of the archaeological and ethnographic works which had been completed prior to the building of the mine.
Does the Unilateral Divorce Laws Cause Child Weight Gain?
Authors: Carvalho Rafaela Nogueira 
Published: January 2021

This paper studies the impact of unilateral divorce laws on child weight gain. I use difference-in-differences approach exploiting time and state variation in the adoption of the unilateral divorce law. I analyze a comprehensive nationwide health examination survey (NHANES I) during 1971-1974. The results show that exposure to unilateral divorce law leads to bigger Body Mass Index (BMI) for children between 2 and 18 years.However, according to the Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), this weight gain is still under the normality patterns. I also investigate the possibles transmission mechanisms for the increase in BMI. Results indicate that for the specic age group of children between 7 and 18 years the exposure to unilateral divorce law leads to bigger BMI and bigger probability to be overweight.
Como entendemos a Democracia?
Authors: Freire Ricardo Rodrigues 
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir a capacidade discricionária do Poder Executivo brasileiro para interpretar o conceito de Democracia. Com base na análise qualitativa das falas de atores políticos, do aparato legal e das referenciais teóricas que envolvem o conceito de democracia, o texto debate e referenda a existência de diferentes tipos de democracia no campo teorético. Todavia, no campo das práxis, são apresentados parâmetros que condicionam aquele que exerce o mandato de Presidente da República Federativa do Brasil a exercê-lo de forma própria, definida por marcos claros e explícitos que embasam a democracia nacional. Dessa forma, em que pese a diversidade de modelos de democracia na literatura, os quais permitem a construção de uma infinidade de conceitos, a sociedade brasileira, por meio de seu arcabouço jurídico, definiu o seu próprio entendimento sobre o Estado Democrático de Direito e, com isso, não deu margens ao Presidente da República para conjecturar quanto ao modelo de democracia de sua preferência para o exercício do mandato.
Educational guidelines in the process of implementation of rational principles and the value preconditions of the open society
Authors: Abdula Аndrii Ivanovich 
Published: January 2021

The theoretical model of the open society was and remains a fruitful way of reflecting the essential links within a democratic society. Analyzing this concept from its rationality, the author tries to highlight its fundamental principles and determine their impact on the form and content of the functioning of education.
The article offers a view of K. Popper’s “open society” as a way to implement the principles of criticism (critical methodology), of (potential) fallibility, egalitarianism (pluralism) as principles of social rationality. The connection between these principles, moral obligations, and the humanistic theory of justice is emphasized. Their socio-philosophical and epistemological realization in the context of educational issues is covered. The paper considers problems of state intervention in educational processes, the definition of educational goals, the methodology of social reforms (including educational reforms).
The article also outlines the problem of defining the boundaries of regulation of the educational process in the value system of open society. This discussion is interpreted in terms of the theory of rationality as an attempt to avoid the extremes of absolutism (dogmatism) and relativism. Emphasis is placed on the prospects of using the critical-rationalist methodology, in the context of education and development of skills necessary for participation in democratic processes.
Particular attention is paid to the problematic aspects of the implementation of the rational principles and values of the open society in the educational environment and in the process of reforming the education system in the absence of a constant critical and rationalist tradition. The paper emphasizes the importance of critical thinking in the prospect of implementing these transformations.
The importance of scientific, logical and methodological, psychological and pedagogical aspects of critical thinking is emphasized; the author tries to comprehend the problematic aspects of the implementation of these principles in the process of implementing reforms in the field of education.
Non-Operative Management for Renal and Splenic Trauma – A Case Report
Authors: Lăculiceanu Alexandru Georgian , Mereț Denis Anamaria , Rotaru Ruxandra , Hogea Mircea Daniel , Scârneciu Ioan 
Published: January 2021

Management of abdominal trauma has evolved over the past decades and most of trauma patients can be managed conservatively. This article demonstrates the effectiveness of non-operative management (NOM) in a patient with grade IV renal trauma and grade II splenic trauma that was treated in the urology department of Emergency Clinical County Hospital of Brasov after a car crash. Clinical examination showed bruises on the right shoulder and macroscopic haematuria that suggest renal trauma. The abdomen was spontaneously painles, no signs of acute abdomen but severe pain in the left lumbar area, with no additional relevant medical history. The CT scan revealed laceration of the valvular area of the left kidney, spleen contusion and retroperitoneal haematoma with contrast spreading in the iliopsoas muscle region, classifying renal trauma as stage IV and splenic trauma as stage II on American Association for the Surgery of Trauma injury scale. The trauma is classified as serious with an Injury Severity Score of 18, and Resciniti CT score of 2, therefore NOM is recommended. Despite high grade trauma, the patient was haemodynamically stable, with a heart rate of 90 bpm, blood pressure of 105/65 mmHg and haemoglobin of 10.4g/dl. Under constant observation and with the help of a multidisciplinary team, the therapeutic focus was directed on local protocol consisting of pharmacological treatment with fluid resuscitation, antibiotic therapy, analgesics, haemostatics, anticoagulant therapy and multiple blood transfusions consisting of fresh frozen plasma and packed red blood cells. Starting with day 6, the haemoglobin levels normalized, no further blood transfusion beeing necessary. The patient was discharged and didn’t developed complications in the following 6 months. The NOM in the case of grade IV renal trauma and a grade II splenic trauma is effective, provided the patients are haemodynamically stable and constant reevaluations are performed.
PENGARUH PERLAKUAN PERENDAMAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK TEPUNG TALAS BOGOR (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) PADA KLON YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Ramdhiana Refitria Febrian , Jannah Asmanur , Wibaningwati Dyah Budibruri 
Published: January 2021

Talas Bogor (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) merupakan salah satu ikon Kota Bogor. Hal yang kurang disukai dari talas bogor adalah adanya kristal kalsium oksalat yang menyebabkan rasa gatal pada kulit, mukosa mulut, dan kerongkongan. Salah satu cara untuk menghilangkan rasa gatal pada talas adalah dengan merendam talas selama satu malam di dalam air, namun, metode perendaman yang paling efektif dan pengaruhnya terhadap karakteristik tepung talas belum diketahui. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial (RAL-F) dengan dua faktor, yaitu faktor klon dan perendaman. Klon talas bogor yang digunakan klon B-1511 dan B-1023, dipanen pada umur 9 bulan, dikupas, dirajang dan diberi perlakuan perendaman. Perendaman yang dicobakan: kontrol atau tanpa perendaman (K), perendaman dalam air A), dan dalam 5% larutan garam G). Setelah direndam, ditiriskan dan dikeringkan dengan drying oven pada suhu 55o C. Chip yang sudah kering diolah menjadi tepung untuk kemudian dinilai karakteristiknya. Variabel yang diamati adalah rendemen, kadar air, densitas kamba, amilosa, amilopektin, kadar pati, dan kadar kalsium oksalat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara klon dan perlakuan perendaman terhadap kadar amilosa, kadar amilopektin dan kadar pati. Perlakuan perendaman dalam larutan garam 5% selama 30 menit dapat menurunkan kadar kalsium oksalat pada tepung talas baik klon B-1511 maupun B-1023. Rata-rata rendemen tepung pada klon B-1511 26,53% sedangkan untuk klon B-1023 26,40%.
COMPARING THE EFFECT OF LASER BLEACHING WITH HOME BLEACHING ON PAAN STAINED TEETH USING DIGITAL SPECTROPHOTOMETER
Authors: S Kusum Valli , Naik Priyadarshini L 
Published: January 2021

Introduction: The demand for tooth whitening has increased dramatically with the resulting development of new tooth whitening products and procedures. As it is a common scenario that the dentists come across paan stained teeth very regularly in dental practice, the need for this study is to compare if laser bleaching or three day home bleaching is effective for paan stained and give better treatment options for patients.
Aim: To compare the effect of laser bleaching on paan stained tooth with home bleaching tooth using digital spectrophotometer
Methodology: 20 extracted teeth were preserved in a solution of normal saline with 1% thymol crystals. The teeth were immersed in staining solution containing paan extracts for a period of two week. The specimens were evaluated for pre shades using VitaEasyShade. The stained specimens for paan respectively were divided randomly into 2 groups one for laser bleaching and other for home bleaching. POLA OFFICE + was applied on tooth and activated using the diode laser as per the manufacturer’s instructions for group 1. The bleaching was carried out with Philips Zoom Nitewhite for group 2. The second colour measurement of the specimens was made using VitaEasyShade.
Conclusion: The results showed that laser bleaching was effective when compared to three day home bleach in paan stained teeth using digital spectrophotometer.
PERINATAL OUTCOME IN BABIES IN RELATION TO SEVERITY OF MATERNAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: George Jewel Maria , Antony Thomas 
Published: January 2021

Background and objectives: Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy is a major cause of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity worldwide. This study prospectively examined the immediate neonatal outcome of women with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy .Objectives were to study the effects of maternal hypertension on APGAR score at birth and the need for neonatal resuscitation as well as to study neonatal morbidity profile and mortality pattern.
Methods: Observational study was conducted on 125 babies born to mothers with hypertension in the neonatal intensive care unit of jubilee mission medical college. To study the effects of maternal hypertension and perinatal outcome, frequency and percentages were applied. Following parameters like prematurity, IUGR, low birth weight, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hyperbilirubinemia will be studied .Chi square test will be applied for categorical variables and independent two sample t test will be applied for numerical variables.
Results: Study population had male predominance.60% underwent LSCS.SGA babies maximum with eclampsia(45.5%),IUGR babies maximum with pre-eclampsia(9.4%).Prematurity seen in all babies born to eclamptic and 40.6% born to pre-eclamptic mothers(p-0.001).1 and 5minute APGAR were<7 in 15.9%,15.6%,18.2% and 12.2%,9.4%,9.1% of babies born to mothers with PIH, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia respectively. Other variables not statistically significant. Death was maximum in babies born to pre-eclamptic mothers (9.4 %).
Conclusions: Maternal hypertension was associated with higher risk of adverse perinatal outcomes; necessitating need to strengthen prevention, early diagnosis and management of pregnancy-induced hypertension.
Keywords: APGAR; prematurity; low birth weight; hypoglycemia; hyperbilirubinemia; hypocalcemia; respiratory distress
EFFECTS OF COVID-19 INFECTION DURING PREGNANCY AND NEONATAL PROGNOSIS. WHAT IS THE EVIDENCE?
Authors: Arshad Shahida , Raza Saud , Javed Izzah 
Published: January 2021

Background: Regarding the potential risk of Covid- 19 among pregnant ladies and frequent fetal transmission is the main aim of this study.
Material and Method: To answer the health-related field questions, systematic literature review papers are published, that during pregnancy and neonatal transmission what are the effects of covid- 19. Pregnant women with counts 755 and neonates having counts 598 are observed. Having C- section women are almost above half of the total, for SARS 398 (82%) infants are tested and infants that results positive are 9 (2%). Vertical transmission has no evidence because of the care provided during and after pregnancy, there is a shortage of biological testing, and knowledge gaps are more.
Conclusion: the clinical conditions of pregnant women infected with SARS- CoV-2 cannot be ruled out, whether the occurrence of respiratory disease, cardiac rhythm disturbances, acid-base imbalances, the infection is associated with comorbidities or not. So before and after the delivery of the baby, testing should be recommended.
FIBROUS ANKYLOSIS OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT: PRESENTING WITH SUDDEN ONSET COMPLETE INABILITY TO OPEN MOUTH.
Authors: Namdev Rupesh Kumar 
Published: January 2021

The temporomandibular joint makes it possible to open and close your mouth, as involving chewing, swallowing, speaking, and yawning activity. Ankylosis of the Temporomandibular joint which includes partial or complete fusion of the joint with resulting restricted opening of mouth, restricted mandibular movements (hypomobility) with deviation to the affected side on opening of the mouth. The pathology is multifactorial and restoration of function usually involves surgical intervention and dependence on the exact pathology situated at the root of pons. It is essential to evaluate the underlying pathology, its degree for proper planning of surgery and follow-up. 3-D CT scan of facial bones provide a reliable and consistent diagnosis and evaluation for temporomandibular joint ankylosis.
Keywords: TMJ, ankylosis, 3-D CT scan, facial asymmetry.