bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyanthillium cinereum (little ironweed).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa , Acevedo-Rodríguez Pedro 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

C. cinereum is a cosmopolitan weed common in disturbed areas in tropical and subtropical regions of the world (Randall, 2012). It is a fast-growing, annual herb with the capacity to form dense patches in gardens, roadsides, waste grounds and pasture (Holm et al., 1997). Currently, this species is considered invasive in many islands in the Pacific Ocean (e.g. Hawaii, Fiji, French Polynesia and Micronesia), New Zealand, Singapore, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama, Galápagos Islands, Cuba, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (see distribution table for details; Chong et al., 2009; Chacon and Saborio, 2012; González-Torres et al., 2012; PIER, 2013).
Leonurus japonicus (honeyweed).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa , Acevedo-Rodríguez Pedro 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Genetics: The chromosome number reported for L. japonicus is 2n=20 (Shatokhina, 2006). Reproductive Biology: Leonurus are nectar-yielding plants and most species are pollinated by insects. Flowers in L. japonicus are bisexual and zygomorphic (Teo and Pin, 2001; Pool, 2012). Physiology and Phenology: In China, L. japonicus has been reported flowering from June to September and fruiting from September to October (eFloras, 2014). However, in tropical regions of Asia and America, this species flowers throughout the year (Teo and Pin, 2001; Pool, 2012). Longevity: L. japonicus is an annual or biennial herb (Wagner et al., 1999). Environmental Requirements: L. japonicus grows in moist environments in temperate and tropical regions in areas from sea level to 3400 m. This species can grow in semi-shade areas, but it prefers to grow in areas with full sunlight exposure and soils with pH ranging from 4 to 8 (Teo and Pin, 2001).
Strawberry necrotic shock virus (strawberry necrotic shock virus).
Authors: Tzanetakis Ioannis E. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Strawberry necrotic shock virus (SNSV) was first established as a distinct species in 2004 and its incidence in areas around the world is ambiguous. There are several reports of Tobacco streak virus (TSV) infection of strawberry and Rubus before the classification of SNSV as a distinct species and at this point it is unclear whether those refer to TSV or SNSV. Of the more than 100 small fruit 'TSV' isolates tested, all but two strawberries were found to be infected with SNSV (Tzanetakis and Martin, unpublished) indicating that TSV is rather rare in berry crops; it is still to be verified in natural infections of Rubus. It should be assumed that the majority of TSV reports in strawberry and Rubus are actually reports of SNSV and therefore the virus should be considered to have a cosmopolitan distribution.
Galinsoga quadriradiata (shaggy soldier).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa , Acevedo-Rodríguez Pedro 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

G. quadriradiata is a fast-growing annual herb with the capacity to invade agricultural and other disturbed areas in most temperate and subtropical regions of the world (Kagima 2000; Vibrans, 2009; Kabuce and Priede, 2010; Madsen and Wersal, 2014). It is highly competitive and can spread quickly, often being the dominant species in a field. It is causing considerable economic impact in cropping systems, greenhouses, gardens and nurseries (Madsen and Wersal, 2014). In Europe, this species is recognized as a significant problem for many growers and farmers, including in commercial greenhouses, and its presence may reduce yields up to 10-50% in fields planted with vegetables and crops (Kabuce and Priede, 2010; Madsen and Wersal, 2014).
Sporobolus pyramidalis (giant rat's tail grass).
Authors: Palmer Bill 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Sporobolus pyramidalis is a highly invasive tussock grass probably native to the African region. It is a grass of very low palatability and regarded in Australia as a very serious and declared weed. It is dispersed very easily by several mechanisms and once established it can quickly dominate existing pastures. Pastures dominated by this grass become unproductive and land values are adversely affected. Control on extensively grazed properties is problematic such that every effort must be made to prevent its introduction on to clean properties.
Hiptage benghalensis (hiptage).
Authors: Pasiecznik Nick 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

H. benghalensis has spread in the tropics after introduction as an ornamental from its native South and South-East Asia. It continues to be available as an ornamental and medicinal plant, and is therefore likely to spread further. This climbing vine is able to smother vegetation and produces wind-dispersed samaras to facilitate dissemination. H. benghalensis threatens the last remnants of lowland native forests in La Réunion and Mauritius and is also invasive in parts of Australia, and Hawaii and Florida, USA, where it is regulated.
Hydrilla verticillata (hydrilla).
Authors: Rojas-Sandoval Julissa 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

H. verticillata is a submerged fast-growing aquatic herb. It has a highly effective survival strategy that makes it one of the most troublesome aquatic weeds of water bodies in the world. It has the potential to alter fishery populations, cause shifts in zooplankton communities and affect water chemistry. It forms dense masses, outcompeting native plants and interfering with many uses of waterways. It is readily dispersed by movement of plant fragments and can produce up to 6,000 tubers per m2. Tubers can remain viable for several days out of water or for over 4 years in undisturbed sediment. They are not impacted by most management activities, and a small percentage can sprout throughout the year making the species very difficult to manage or eradicate. It can be spread by water flow, waterfowl and recreational activities and is sold as an aquarium plant. Currently, this species is considered as one of the most aggressive invasive species in aquatic habitats. In the USA it has been listed as a Federal Noxious Weed since 1976, and is regarded as one of the worst invasive aquatic weed problems in Florida and much of the country. Its import is prohibited in Western Australia and Tasmania, and it is on the EPPO alert list.
Bactrocera musae (banana fruit fly).
Authors: Royer Jane 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Bactrocera musae is native to northeast tropical Queensland, Australia and mainland Papua New Guinea. It is thought to have been introduced to some Papua New Guinea islands including Lihir and Manu. Early records from the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and Indonesia are either unconfirmed or unreliable. B. musae is a pest of commercially grown bananas if not managed correctly and also infests native bananas. Females tend to lay eggs in bananas before they ripen. However, if the fruit is too immature the eggs do not develop. Under Australia's Interstate Certification Assurance, domestic trade of hard green Cavendish bananas is approved to manage the risk of fruit fly movement. Monitoring of population sizes can be carried out using methyl eugenol to trap adult males. Increased host fruit sampling can also determine breeding hotspots that can then be targeted with protein bait spray/insecticide mixture to kill females. Female flies are attracted to the protein baits as they require protein for egg maturation. Though the economic impact of this pest is high, the risk of international spread remains low due to the stage of maturity of the harvested fruit that is exported.
Random vibration fatigue analysis of a multi-material battery pack structure for an electric vehicle
Authors: Kim Hye-gyu , Kim Gyeong-chan , Ji Wooseok , Lee Yong Seok , Jang Sungbok , Shin Cheol Min 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Battery-powered automobiles are emerging as a promising alternative to internal combustion engine vehicles in response to the internationally strengthening regulation on carbon dioxide emissions. Due to the heavy weight of the electric drive unit, the weight savings of the electric vehicles are often attempted on body structures by using lightweight materials such as fiber-reinforced composites with traditional metal alloys. In the present study, a new multi-material design of a battery pack structure is proposed and its performance is evaluated through random vibration fatigue tests. The fatigue tests are virtually performed on a full-scale finite element model of the battery pack. The virtual tests embody boundary and loading conditions required by a real industry specification. The vibration loading is specified in the form of a power spectral density and the fatigue analysis is conducted accordingly in frequency domain. The cumulative fatigue damage and lives of each component composing the batter pack structure are predicted. The present modeling approach could benefit the preliminary design of an automotive body structure because the performance evaluation on various prototypes can be efficiently conducted without a physical model.
Management Systems to Structure Continuous Quality Improvement
Authors: Zarbo Richard J 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This review describes the processes and effectiveness of the primary management systems that structure and sustain consistent behaviors and result in a transformed culture of continuous quality improvement (CQI) from top to bottom throughout the Henry Ford medical laboratory enterprise.

Methods
Through a 17-year focus to achieve a functional CQI enterprise, quality management systems were developed and continuously improved by teams of laboratory leaders, managers, and quality specialists to coordinate and standardize human efforts, and provide actionable knowledge and data to engage improvement efforts at all levels of work. Lean and ISO 15189 discipline and requirements were addressed in annual management review of functionality and effectiveness to close gaps and further refine the management systems.

Results
Improvements in the use and effectiveness of 4 management systems are illustrated.

Conclusions
The 4 primary management systems that provide structure and support transformation to a culture of CQI are the team leader, Plan-Do-Check-Act problem-solving, deviation management, and daily management systems. These management systems are designed to deepen the effectiveness of the continuous improvement culture by helping managers understand variation in the work they oversee and providing guidance for more effective employee engagement in the daily processes of quality improvement.
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Seroprevalence and Incidence and Growth of Ultrasound-Diagnosed Uterine Fibroids in a Large Population of Young African-American Women
Authors: Moore Kristen R , Harmon Quaker E , Baird Donna D 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Reproductive tract infections have long been hypothesized to be risk factors for development of uterine fibroids, but few studies have investigated the issue. In our 2016 cross-sectional analysis from the Study of Environment, Lifestyle and Fibroids (2010–2018), a large Detroit, Michigan, community-based cohort study of 23- to 35-year-old African-American women with ultrasound fibroid screening, we found no association between a very prevalent reproductive tract infection, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and fibroids. With prospective data from the cohort (ultrasounds performed every 20 months over 5 years), we examined HSV-2’s associations with fibroid incidence (among 1,208 women who were fibroid-free at baseline) and growth (among women with fibroids at baseline or diagnosed during the study). Using Cox proportional hazards models, we computed adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for fibroid incidence comparing HSV-2–seropositive women with HSV-2–seronegative women. The influence of HSV-2 infection on growth was assessed on the basis of the difference in fibroid size between successive ultrasounds (1,323 growth measures) using a linear mixed model, estimating the percent difference in growth scaled to 18 months. HSV-2 seropositivity was not associated with fibroid incidence (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.88, 95% confidence interval: 0.69, 1.12) or growth (estimated growth difference = 3.1%, 95% confidence interval: −5.8, 13.0). Women can be reassured that HSV-2 infection is unlikely to increase their risk of fibroid-related health problems, given these longitudinal measures.
A Pedigree and Clinical Analysis of 11β-Hydroxylase Deficiency with Homozygous Mutation of CYP11B1 Gene
Authors: Yi Ru-hai , Zhao Shu-hao , Yan Xiao-fang , Jiang Zhen , Yang Li-yong 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
To analyze the clinical features and the mutation of CYP11B1 gene in a family with 11β-hydroxylase deficiency.

Methods
The clinical and laboratory tests data of the patient were collected. The complete sequences of CYP11B1 gene in the proband and potential mutations in other seven family members were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing technique.

Results
A 25-year female patient showed complicated clinical symptoms, comprising hypertension, heart failure, renal failure, and pulmonary infections. Laboratory results showed higher levels of 17α-hydoxy progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHS) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and lower levels of cortisol and potassium in serum. Additionally, a positive reaction in mid-dose dexamethasone suppression test and a significant enlargement of bilateral adrenal glands from computed tomography scan were exhibited in this patient. Furthermore, a homozygous c.1157C&gt;T (p.Ala386Val) in exon 7 of the CYP11B1 gene was identified in this patient. Four family members (father, mother, maternal grandmother, and aunt of proband) were heterozygous of the same mutation.

Conclusion
11β-hydroxylase deficiency in this patient is caused by homozygous c.1157C&gt;T (p.Ala386Val) in the CYP11B1 gene.
Evaluating the Quality of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses About Breast Augmentation Using AMSTAR
Authors: Yuan Morgan , Wu Jeremy , Austin Ryan E , Lista Frank , Ahmad Jamil 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Breast augmentation is one of the most commonly performed cosmetic surgeries worldwide. Therefore, it is imperative to have evidence with high methodological quality to guide clinical decision making.

Objectives
To evaluate the methodological quality of the systematic reviews (SRs) focused on breast augmentation.

Methods
A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews was performed. SRs that have a particular focus on breast augmentation and were published in the top 15 plastic and reconstructive surgery journals were included. Quality assessment was performed using a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews (AMSTAR). Study characteristics were extracted including journal and impact factor, year of publication, country affiliation of the corresponding author, reporting adherence to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, number of citations, and number of studies included.

Results
Among the 22 studies included for analysis, the mean AMSTAR score was moderate (5.55), with no SR achieving good quality (AMSTAR score of ≥9). There were no significant associations between AMSTAR score and journal impact factor, number of citations, year of publication, or number of included studies. Studies that reported adherence to PRISMA guidelines on average scored higher on the AMSTAR tool (P = 0.03).

Conclusions
The methodological quality of reviews about breast augmentation was found to be moderate, with no significant increase in studies or quality over time. Adherence to PRISMA guidelines and increased appraisal of SRs about breast augmentation using methodological assessment tools would further strengthen methodological quality and confidence in study findings.
Molecular and biochemical characteristics of inulosucrase InuBK from Alkalihalobacillus krulwichiae JCM 11691
Authors: Yokoi Ken-ji , Tsutsui Sosyu , Arakawa Gen-ya , Takaba Masakazu , Fujii Koichi , Kaneko Satoshi 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Information about the inulosucrase of nonlactic acid bacteria is scarce. We found a gene encoding inulosucrase (inuBK) in the genome of the Gram-positive bacterium Alkalihalobacillus krulwichiae JCM 11691. The inuBK open reading frame encoded a protein comprising 456 amino acids. We expressed His-tagged InuBK in culture medium using a Brevibacillus system. The optimal pH and temperature of purified InuBK were 7.0-9.0 and 50-55 °C, respectively. The findings of high-performance anion-exchange chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography with multiangle laser light scattering showed that the polysaccharide produced by InuBK was an inulin with a molecular weight of 3806, a polydispersity index (PI) of 1.047, and fructosyl chain lengths with 3-27 degrees of polymerization. The size of InuBK was smaller than commercial inulins, and the PI of the inulin that it produced was lower.
A new method to accurately identify single nucleotide variants using small FFPE breast samples
Authors: Fortunato Angelo , Mallo Diego , Rupp Shawn M , King Lorraine M , Hardman Timothy , Lo Joseph Y , Hall Allison , Marks Jeffrey R , Hwang E Shelley , Maley Carlo C 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Most tissue collections of neoplasms are composed of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) excised tumor samples used for routine diagnostics. DNA sequencing is becoming increasingly important in cancer research and clinical management; however it is difficult to accurately sequence DNA from FFPE samples. We developed and validated a new bioinformatic pipeline to use existing variant-calling strategies to robustly identify somatic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) from whole exome sequencing using small amounts of DNA extracted from archival FFPE samples of breast cancers. We optimized this strategy using 28 pairs of technical replicates. After optimization, the mean similarity between replicates increased 5-fold, reaching 88% (range 0–100%), with a mean of 21.4 SNVs (range 1–68) per sample, representing a markedly superior performance to existing tools. We found that the SNV-identification accuracy declined when there was less than 40 ng of DNA available and that insertion–deletion variant calls are less reliable than single base substitutions. As the first application of the new algorithm, we compared samples of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast to their adjacent invasive ductal carcinoma samples. We observed an increased number of mutations (paired-samples sign test, P &lt; 0.05), and a higher genetic divergence in the invasive samples (paired-samples sign test, P &lt; 0.01). Our method provides a significant improvement in detecting SNVs in FFPE samples over previous approaches.
Effects of hospital preference for endovascular repair on postoperative mortality after elective abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: analysis of the Dutch Surgical Aneurysm Audit
Authors: Lijftogt N , Vahl A C , Karthaus E G , van der Willik E M , Amodio S , van Zwet E W , Hamming J F ,   in collaboration with the Dutch Society of Vascular Surgery, the Steering Committee of the Dutch Surgical Aneurysm Audit, and the Dutch Institute for Clinical Auditing
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Background
Increased use of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) and reduced open surgical repair (OSR), has decreased postoperative mortality after elective repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). The choice between EVAR or OSR depends on aneurysm anatomy, and the experience and preference of the vascular surgeon, and therefore differs between hospitals. The aim of this study was to investigate the current mortality risk difference (RD) between EVAR and OSR, and the effect of hospital preference for EVAR on overall mortality.

Methods
Primary elective infrarenal or juxtarenal aneurysm repairs registered in the Dutch Surgical Aneurysm Audit (2013–2017) were analysed. First, mortality in hospitals with a higher preference for EVAR (high-EVAR group) was compared with that in hospitals with a lower EVAR preference (low-EVAR group), divided by the median percentage of EVAR. Second, the mortality RD between EVAR and OSR was determined by unadjusted and adjusted linear regression and propensity-score (PS) analysis and then by instrumental-variable (IV) analysis, adjusting for unobserved confounders; percentage EVAR by hospital was used as the IV.

Results
A total of 11 997 patients were included. The median hospital rate of EVAR was 76.6 per cent. The overall mortality RD between high- and low-EVAR hospitals was 0.1 (95 per cent −0.5 to 0.4) per cent. The OSR mortality rate was significantly higher among high-EVAR hospitals than low-EVAR hospitals: 7.3 versus 4.0 per cent (RD 3.3 (1.4 to 5.3) per cent). The EVAR mortality rate was also higher in high-EVAR hospitals: 0.9 versus 0.7 per cent (RD 0.2 (−0.0 to 0.6) per cent). The RD following unadjusted, adjusted, and PS analysis was 4.2 (3.7 to 4.8), 4.4 (3.8 to 5.0), and 4.7 (4.1 to 5.3) per cent in favour of EVAR over OSR. However, the RD after IV analysis was not significant: 1.3 (−0.9 to 3.6) per cent.

Conclusion
Even though EVAR has a lower mortality rate than OSR, the overall effect is offset by the high mortality rate after OSR in hospitals with a strong focus on EVAR.
Indigenization without ‘Indigeneity’: Problematizing the Discourse of Indigenization of Social Work in China
Authors: Watermeyer Tsering Dolkar , Yan Miu Chung 
Published: May 2021

AbstractWhile acknowledging mutual alignment in their critique of social work’s dominant Eurocentric lens, indigenous and indigenization of social work have thus far forged separate routes. Indigenous social work predominantly focuses on groups in the settler colonial states of North America and Australia where the term ‘indigenous’ as an official identity category is embraced by groups to signify their a priori territorial claims, traditional way of life, and distinct world views. Indigenization of social work, on the other hand, primarily deals with the effective transmission of praxis in non-western regions. Yet complex linkages between the two exist that impacts the trajectory of indigenization of social work. This article draws upon indigenous theorizing and transdisciplinary learning to examine the neglect of highly charged concepts such as ‘indigenous’ and relationally notions of indigeneity within the social work indigenization discourse in China. Further, grounding the analysis within the liminal sphere of China’s ethnic minorities, particularly the case of Tibet Autonomous Region, it presents a preliminary discussion on potential ways to conceptualize ways forward.
Social Workers and Disaster Management: An Aotearoa New Zealand Perspective
Authors: Hay Kathryn , Pascoe Katheryn Margaret 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In many parts of the world, social workers have long supported disaster responses although in Aotearoa New Zealand, social work is not generally considered an essential component of disaster management. Promoting the development of safer, less vulnerable communities, is however a key activity for both social work and disaster management. The recent shift from a traditional focus on hazards to vulnerability and resilience consolidates the alignment and importance of social work within this field. This article reports the results of the first known survey of registered social workers in Aotearoa New Zealand and their involvement in disaster events. Additionally, the article highlights the perspectives of six disaster management professionals on the role of social workers in disaster management. The findings offer examples of social workers’ engagement in disaster work, the variable understanding of social work by disaster management personnel, and the importance of social work maintaining a positive public profile. Implications for future social work practice and education internationally as well as disaster management policy and practice are outlined.