bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Doubling Time and Its Interpretation for COVID-19 Cases: A Comparative Study in Pimpri Chinchwad Municipal Corporation, Pune, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Aphale Parth , Patil Aditya Dilipkumar , Sharma Dharmendra B. 
Published: August 2021

Background: COVID-19, also known as Novel Corona Virus, causes respiratory disorder in humans and has been declared as a global pandemic in the first quarter of the year 2020 by the World Health Organization. As this pandemic persists the second, third and fourth quarters had shown variation in COVID-19 cases. In the first quarter of the year 2021 again there seems to be a rise in cases of COVID-19. So, a comparative analysis from March 2020 – April 2021 of COVID-19 cases has been studied.
Methodology: An exponential statistical model was used to calculate the predicted value of COVID-19 using doubling time for a short duration. The cases of COVID-19 were predicted from 10th April 2021 to 10th June 2021 using doubling time and exponential regression method.
Results: The distribution of cases showed a curve-linear trend over the last one year. We explored various models like exponential, logarithmic (lo-linear), linear, quadratic, and generalized linear model (GLM) to fit into the observed distribution of cases. Since the distribution of cases was perfectly following a linear trend in each of the four segments, we applied a linear regression model to observed distribution and then predicted the anticipated no. of cases by extending this linear trend to a future period (120 day). With the help of the exponential statistical model, doubling time/rate based on prior 9 days, the predictions of up to 2.61 lakhs cases have been done by the end of June 2021.
Conclusion: This study will be useful for the Government of India and Maharashtra state-specific to Pimpri- Chinchwad Municipal Corporation (PCMC), Administrative Units, Frontline health workforce, researchers, and scientists. From this study it has been evident that during the pre-lockdown period, in the initial stages there seems to be rise in cases. While, during lockdown period it was observed that there was relatively decrease in the number of cases. After the government authorities imposed the unlock strategies the cases began to rise as compared to the lockdown period. Thus, it appears that only essential services should be open for the citizens of India and the state lockdown should be carried on for the next 3 months (April 2021 - June 2021).
Comparative Study of Serum Cystatin C and Serum Creatinine Level in Before and After Hemodialysis
Authors: Hawale Dattu , Ambad Ranjit , Bankar Nandkishor , Kotecha Raunak 
Published: August 2021

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a pathophysiologic process characterised by a decrease in nephron number and function, which often leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Serum plasma cystatin C is a new test for determining kidney function. Its accuracy in determining the efficacy of haemodialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease has yet to be determined.
Serum cystatin C, which is formed at a constant rate by all nucleated cells and filtered freely by the glomerulus, is neither secreted nor reabsorbed, and is unaffected by non-renal influences.
Materials and Methods: This study was a comparative study, conducted in the nephrology Department at DMMC & SMHRC, Nagpur in collaboration with ABVRH and JNMC Wardha, Sawangi (Meghe) during September 2020 to March 2021. Total 25 patient (End stage renal disease) included for the present study, the age group 30-60 years with 17 male patients and 08 female patients.
Result: Serum creatinine concentration in the before hemodialysis with 8.72±3.00 and for the after hemodialysis 3.20±1.18(P < 0.0001). The serum cystatin C concentration in the before hemodialysis 5.50±2.09 and for the after hemodialysis 8.7±1.75(P < 0.0001). the process of hemodialysis leads to a significantly low in a serum creatinine concentration as compared to before hemodialysis. The serum cystatin C concentration significantly increase in the after hemodialysis patient as compared to before hemodialysis.
Conclusion: Hemodialysis adequacy cannot be determined using serum cystatin C. It does, however, serve as a surrogate marker of dialysis inadequacy, particularly when low flux membranes are used. Routine examination of serum cystatin C in hemodialysis patients will help in the monitoring of the patient's overall clinical condition.
A Review on Flax Seed: A Legume for Longevity
Authors: Patel Kinjal P. , Patel Shivkant , Dash Dillip Kumar , Balaraman Ramachandran , Maheshwari Rajesh A. 
Published: August 2021

Flax seed, tiny packs of nutrients supply a wealth of health benefits. Dietary flaxseed has an amazing use in a different health conditions. Research evidences on the properties of dietary flaxseed have wide spread information. It has been found that the tiny, edible seeds of the flax plant, have gained superfood status because of its therapeutic values in preventing the diseases. From the past few years, there is growing evidences that the people have become more health conscious. Many trials have been conducted with the upgraded standards of control available in order to provide consistent information on its significance to the general community. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the research that have reinforced the growth of flaxseed as a commodity with importance in the health and medicine fields. Flaxseed is emerging as a vital functional food element because of its rich contents of α- linolenic acid (ALA, omega-3 fatty acid), lignans, and fiber. Flax lignans have potential health benefits such as in reduction of cardiovascular disease, cancer, atherosclerosis, diabetes, arthritis, osteoporosis, autoimmune and neurological disorders. The role of the Flax protein in the prevention and treatment of heart disease and in supporting the immune system has been proven. The present review focuses on the evidences of the potential health benefits of flaxseed through human and animals. Its role in enhancing the longevity by alleviating the common health challenges like hypertension, cancer and diabetes.
Study of Glutathione-s-transferase and Reduced Glutathione Receiving Chemotherapy
Authors: Ambad Ranjit S. , Nagtilak Suryakant , Jha Rakesh Kumar , Kaple Meghali 
Published: August 2021

Cervical cancer is the third most prevalent cancer in women worldwide, and the fourth leading cause of death from cancer in women. Recent advances, such as the availability of broad scale genome data, articulated gene tag (EST) data bases, innovative sequence alignment techniques, and X-ray crystallography determination of three-dimensional structures, have significantly expanded our understanding of structure–function relationships in this important enzyme superfamily. Total 36 histologically confirmed patients, locally advanced FIGO stage IIB–IIIB cervical cancer were enrolled. Based on the findings of our research, it can be concluded that improvements in GSH concentration during the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer can have a major impact on the treatment response. In comparison to the lack of concentration changes in the blood serum of patients who have had no reaction to medication or who have had a reported relapse following treatment, GSH tends to be an effective indicator.
Overview on Hormonal Replacement Therapy in Menopause
Authors: Alanazi Shaden Akram A. , Alatawi Atheer Mansour E. , Alhwaiti Atheer Salman A. , Alrashidi Aumniyat Saad A. , Alanazi Ghadah Ali R. , Alfaqiri Mei Khalid S. , Alenezi Rahaf Naif A. , Albalawi Wejdan Abdullah , Alharbi Layan Hussain J. , Alharbi Ghada Abdullah H. 
Published: August 2021

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is defined as a therapy that could allow women to free themselves from the malediction of estrogen loss and conserve their femininity. The study aims to summarize the updated evidence regards types, indication, contraindication, and untoward effects of hormonal replacement therapy among menopausal women. There are several different drug classes comprising estrogens, progestogens, and estrogen + progestogen combinations. Estrogen is the primary active component of HRT, treating menopausal symptoms, particularly vasomotor symptoms. There are several adverse effects of hormone replacement therapy that manifest in many different ways depending on the route of administration, and whether that route has local or systemic effects. Further research is needed to study the risks of menopausal HRT and pharmacological studies are needed to lower these risks and make its use safer with less side effects.
To Assess the effect of Fast Food among Adolescent Group
Authors: Dighikar Vrushali P. , Singh Seema 
Published: August 2021

Background: Different types of fast food are becoming more popular in all parts of the world, including both developed and developing nations. Because of changes and transitions in people's lifestyles and dietary habits, an increasing number of people of all ages, particularly adolescents and young adults, are gravitating toward fast food. For past 10 years, Fast food consumption has increased globally. Hence, the topic of eating fast food can turn specifically very much better for the age group of 13-18. Because of this for controlling the eating habits of fast food first attention might be given to developing some nutritional habit to the adolescents.
Aim: To assess the effect of fast food among adolescent group.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional research design was used in the study. The study was conducted among adolescents’ group rural area of Wardha district, Maharashtra. The population of the study was the adolescent group. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. The sample was consisting of a total number of 85 subjects. A structured knowledge questionnaire were used to assess the knowledge and effect of fast food.
Results: After the detailed analysis of the conducted study leads to the following conclusion that Means score of the adolescent group was 12±2.88 and the mean percentage of score was 60±14.41 It is revealed that the adolescent group is having lot many effects of fast food on their health and having knowledge regarding the effect of fast food, in that 1.18% of the adolescent group had a no effect, 30.59% of them had mild, 58.82% of them were moderate and 9.41% of them had a severe.
The minimum score was 5 and the maximum score was 17 out of 20.
Conclusion: The research concludes that adolescents are having an effect of fast food on their health so because of that they are having average knowledge regarding the effect of fast food.
Comparing the Effectiveness of Transrectal Misoprostol with Intravenous Oxytocin in Active Management of Third Stage of Labour in Preventing Post-partum Hemorrhage
Authors: Patel Nidhi , Borkar Kiran 
Published: August 2021

Background: PPH which is 500 ml or more blood loss in 24 hours of birth . Uterine atony has been the commonest cause of PPH. To prevent PPH uterotonics like oxytocin and misoprostol should be given. Intravenous route of oxytocin has rapid effect, but is associated with cardiovascular side effects like rise in heart rate and decrease in blood pressure. Slower rate of absorption, lower peak levels and reduced adverse effects is seen with misoprostol given rectally when compared to sublingual and oral routes. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of transrectal misoprostol and intravenous oxytocin in preventing post-partum haemorrhage.
Objectives: To compare the effectiveness of 600mcg transrectal misoprostol with 10IU intravenous oxytocin in active management of third stage of labour in preventing PPH and recommend technique for active management of third stage of labour in preventing PPH.
Methodology: Women randomized into two groups for prevention of PPH and are given 600ug of misoprostol per rectally and 10IU oxytocin intravenously. Duration of third stage, the blood volume in kidney tray and additional blood loss in sterile surgical pads for 24hrs will be noted. The blood loss due to episiotomy will be taken as 50ml.Need of additional uterotonics(oxytocin or misoprostol), blood transfusion, removal of placenta manually, haemoglobin before and after delivery will be noted. Monitoring of patients for vital signs, uterine tone, fundal height and vaginal bleeding for 2 hour will be done.
Result: The expected outcome of the study will be a significant difference in the blood loss during third stage of labour and 24 hours in post-partum period when uterotonics like oxytocin or misoprostol are used in managing third stage of labour actively.
Conclusion: Our study will show the effect of intravenous oxytocin and transrectal misoprostol in managing third stage of labour actively to prevent post-partum hemorrhage.
Insights into the ligand binding specificity of SREC‐II (scavenger receptor expressed by endothelial cells)
Authors: Wicker‐Planquart Catherine , Tacnet‐Delorme Pascale , Preisser Laurence , Dufour Samy , Delneste Yves , Housset Dominique , Frachet Philippe , Thielens Nicole M 
Published: July 2021

SREC‐II (scavenger receptor expressed by endothelial cells II) is a membrane protein encoded by the SCARF2 gene, with high homology to class F scavenger receptor SR‐F1, but no known scavenging function. We produced the extracellular domain of SREC‐II in a recombinant form and investigated its capacity to interact with common scavenger receptor ligands, including acetylated low‐density lipoprotein (AcLDL) and maleylated or acetylated BSA (MalBSA or AcBSA). Whereas no binding was observed for AcLDL, SREC‐II ectodomain interacted strongly with MalBSA and bound with high affinity to AcBSA, a property shared with the SR‐F1 ectodomain. SREC‐II ectodomain also interacted with two SR‐F1‐specific ligands, complement C1q and calreticulin, with affinities in the 100 nm range. We proceeded to generate a stable CHO cell line overexpressing full‐length SREC‐II; binding of MalBSA to these cells was significantly increased compared with nontransfected CHO cells. In contrast, no increase in binding could be detected for C1q and calreticulin. We show for the first time that SREC‐II has the capacity to interact with the common scavenger receptor ligand MalBSA. In addition, our data highlight similarities and differences in the ligand binding properties of SREC‐II in soluble form and at the cell surface, and show that endogenous protein ligands of the ectodomain of SREC‐II, such as C1q and calreticulin, are shared with the corresponding domain of SR‐F1.
Effects of cultivars and nitrogen management on wheat grain yield and protein
Authors: Ghimire Deepak , Das Saurav , Mueller Nathan D. , Creech Cody F. , Santra Dipak , Baenziger P. Stephen , Easterly Amanda C. , Maust Brian , Maharjan Bijesh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLow grain protein in hard red winter (HRW) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a serious challenge for rainfed wheat growers, particularly in years with elevated grain yield. Proper nitrogen (N) management with adequate N rate and application timing is critical for optimizing grain yield and protein content. This 2‐yr experiment evaluated the effects of different N rates and application timings (fall, spring, and split) on grain yield and protein of two HRW wheat cultivars. Field studies were conducted at four different sites across Nebraska under rainfed conditions in 2018/2019 (Year 1) and 2019/2020 (Year 2). A split‐plot randomized complete block design with wheat cultivars as the whole plots and factorial combinations of six N rates and three application timings as the subplots was used in four replications. Grain yield was associated positively and grain protein negatively with the water supply to demand ratio (WS/WD) in the season. Freeman cultivar yielded better in a year with higher WS/WD and a newly developed cultivar, Ruth, yielded better in a lower WS/WD year. Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased grain yield in the site‐years with moderately higher WS/WD. There was an increase in grain protein with increasing N rates at all site‐years. Spring and split‐applied N resulted in better grain yield than fall application in the site‐year when there was a risk of N loss. This experiment suggested that an effective N management strategy for winter wheat should account for and be adaptable to weather variability to optimize grain yield and protein content.
Does work–family conflict play a role in the relationship between work‐related hazards and musculoskeletal pain?
Authors: Weale Victoria , Oakman Jodi , Clays Els 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research identified an association between work–family conflict and musculoskeletal pain. This study explores how conflict arising from participating in both the work and nonwork domains might influence the relationships between musculoskeletal pain experienced by workers and particular work‐related hazards.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey of data was collected from 401 workers in Belgium across seven organizations in the service and production sector. Subjective measures of the physical and psychosocial work environments, and musculoskeletal pain, were collected by questionnaire, using either an online or paper version. Moderation analyses were conducted using PROCESS v. 3.5 and SPSS v. 26.ResultsWork‐related hazards appeared to directly influence musculoskeletal pain differently for men and women. In addition, low levels of work–family conflict and supervisor support combined interactively to reduce low back pain in women. For men, the combination of high physical demands and relatively high work–family conflict were associated with increased levels of low back pain.ConclusionsAddressing the work–life interface is worthy of further investigation as a legitimate means through which musculoskeletal pain can be reduced. Musculoskeletal risk management strategies need to include risk factors related to the work–life interface, along with those related to physical and psychosocial work‐related hazards.
PLXNA2 as a candidate gene in patients with intellectual disability
Authors: Altuame Fadie D. , Shamseldin Hanan E. , Albatti Turki H. , Hashem Mais , Ewida Nour , Abdulwahab Firdous , Alkuraya Fowzan S. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIntellectual disability (ID) is one of the most common disabilities in humans. In an effort to contribute to the expanding genetic landscape of ID, we describe a novel autosomal recessive ID candidate gene. Combined autozygome/exome analysis was performed in two unrelated consanguineous families with ID. Each of the two families had a novel homozygous likely deleterious variant in PLXNA2 and displayed the core phenotype of ID. PLXNA2 belongs to a family of transmembrane proteins that function as semaphorin receptors. Sema5A‐PlexinA2 is known to regulate brain development in mouse, and Plxna2−/− mice display defective associative learning, sociability, and sensorimotor gating. We note the existence of variability in the phenotype among the three patients, including the existence of variable degree of ID, ranging from borderline intellectual functioning to moderate–severe ID, and the presence of cardiac anomalies in only one of the patients. We propose incomplete penetrance as a possible explanation of the observed difference in phenotypes. Future cases will be needed to support the proposed link between PLXNA2 and ID in humans.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Enantiopure Pyrrolidines by C(sp3)−H Amination of Hydrocarbons
Authors: Lazib Yanis , Retailleau Pascal , Saget Tanguy , Darses Benjamin , Dauban Philippe 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe asymmetric synthesis of enantiopure pyrrolidines is reported via a streamlined strategy relying on two sequential C−H functionalizations of simple hydrocarbons. The first step is a regio‐ and stereoselective catalytic nitrene C−H insertion. Then, a subsequent diastereoselective cyclization involving a 1,5‐hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) from a N‐centered radical leads to the formation of pyrrolidines that can then be converted to their free NH‐derivatives.
High‐Pressure CO Electroreduction at Silver Produces Ethanol and Propanol
Authors: Raaijman Stefan J. , Schellekens Maarten P. , Corbett Paul J. , Koper Marc T. M. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractReducing CO2to long‐chain carbon products is attractive considering such products are typically more valuable than shorter ones. However, the best electrocatalyst for making such products from CO2, copper, lacks selectivity. By studying alternate C2+producing catalysts we can increase our mechanistic understanding, which is beneficial for improving catalyst performance. Therefore, we investigate CO reduction on silver, as density functional theory (DFT) results predict it to be good at forming ethanol. To address the current disagreement between DFT and experimental results (ethanol vs. no ethanol), we investigated CO reduction at higher surface coverage (by increasing pressure) to ascertain if desorption effects can explain the discrepancy. In terms of product trends, our results agree with the DFT‐proposed acetaldehyde‐like intermediate, yielding ethanol and propanol as C2+products—making the CO2electrochemistry of silver very similar to that of copper at sufficiently high coverage.
Preparation and characterization of non‐vulcanized natural rubber‐based cocoa pod husk composites
Authors: Edjenguele Adolphe , Alegria Angel , Arrese‐Igor Silvia , Ehabe Eugene E. , Nkengafac Njukeng J. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSeveral ingredients are often introduced into rubber matrices during the production of natural rubber (NR) based articles, essentially to modify and improve upon the properties of the final products as well as to reduce their costs. In this study, composites of natural rubber and cocoa pod husk were prepared by solution casting and tested for their rheological and thermal properties in order to ascertain the suitability of the latter as a substitute for standard fillers in the NR industry. An increase in the level of substitution significantly reduced the rheological properties of the composites in the linear viscoelastic region but had no significant effects on their thermal stability, glass transition temperature and on the α‐relaxation of the NR composites except at the highest level of substitution (25%). However, α‐relaxation and rheological shift factors were always temperature‐dependent and had a direct influence on their electrical conductivity with no permanent chemical bonds formed or broken during preparation of the composites. Hence, untreated cocoa pod husk could serve as non‐reinforcing filler for raw natural rubber.