bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with the co‐occurrence of bacteria in the oral cavity and the gastric mucosa
Authors: Wu Zhen‐Feng , Zou Kun , Xiang Chun‐Jie , Jin Zhao‐Jia , Ding Hai‐Hua , Xu Shuo , Wu Guan‐Nan , Wang Yao‐Hui , Wu Xiao‐Yu , Chen Che , Yao Xue‐Quan , Zhang Jun‐Feng , Liu Fu‐Kun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundPathogens capable of impacting gastrointestinal tract tumor development are located in the oral cavity, but whether these oral bacteria are able to colonize the gastric mucosa in gastric cancer (GC) patients and whether Helicobacter pylori infection can influence this process remains to be established.MethodsMicrobial 16S rDNA deep sequencing was conducted to characterize bacteria present in paired gastric mucosa and tongue coating samples in 27 patients with superficial gastritis (SG) and 11 GC patients.ResultsWhile the overall composition of the gastric mucosa and tongue coating microbiomes differed substantially, certain bacteria were present in both of these communities. The co‐occurrence of bacteria between the tongue coating and gastric mucosa differed significantly between SG and GC patients. Of the 15 most abundant shared oral bacteria genera (the core shared oral bacteria), which were associated with differences in microbiota composition between these tongue coating and gastric mucosa, three were enriched in the gastric mucosa of GC patients relative to SG patients, whereas, 12 were depleted in GC patient samples. Furthermore, the prevalence and relative abundance of these core shared oral bacteria in the gastric mucosa were also linked to H. pylori infection status, and the core shared oral bacteria were also associated with the overall composition of the gastric mucosal microbiome.ConclusionsHelicobacter pylori infections are linked to the co‐occurrence of bacteria in the oral microbiome and the gastric mucosal microbiome. Ectopic colonization of oral microbes may be a primary driver of H. pylori‐induced gastric microbial dysbiosis in patients with GC.
Understanding multi‐stakeholder needs, preferences and expectations to define effective practices and processes of patient engagement in medicine development: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Faulkner Stuart D , Sayuri Ii Suzanne , Pakarinen Chi , Somers Fabian , Jose Vicente Edo Maria , Prieto Remon Lucia , Diaz Ponce Ana , Gove Dianne , Ferrer Elisa , Nafria Begonya , Bertelsen Neil , Boudes Mathieu , Brooke Nicholas , Moutet Alexandra , Fahy Nick 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe holistic evolution of patient engagement in medicines development requires a more detailed understanding of the needs of all involved stakeholders, and one that better accounts for the specific needs of some potentially vulnerable patient populations and key stages in medicines development.ObjectiveThe purpose of this convergent mixed‐methods study was to better understand the needs of different stakeholders concerning patient engagement at three key stages in medicines development: research priority setting, clinical trial design and early dialogues with Health Technology Assessment bodies and regulators.DesignThis study brought together findings from three sources: i) an online questionnaire, ii) face‐to‐face consultations with two potentially vulnerable patient populations, a workshop with Health Technology Assessment bodies, and iii) three‐step modified Delphi methodology.ResultsOverall stakeholders still need additional varied support mechanisms to undertake, sustain or measure value of patient engagement. Health Technology Assessment bodies need better rationale for patient engagement in early dialogue and tools to support its implementation. Improved awareness and understanding of the need and value that involving patients, who are often considered as potentially vulnerable, can bring is needed, as is better accommodation of their specific needs. Similarly, weighted Delphi categories were as follows: aims and objectives, and sustainability. Several additional themes were common across the three key stages in medicines development.ConclusionThis broad‐reaching study provides the blocks needed to build a framework for patient engagement in medicines development.Patient or Public ContributionPatients were involved in review and interpretation of data.
Discoid lupus erythematosus solely involving the eyelids: case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Xia , Wang Peng , Wang Ming , Huang Xian , Wang Cuiyan , Qu Xiaoying , Xu Jialu , Lu Yuan , Chai Bao , Huang Changzheng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThe involvement of eyelids occurs in only 5–6% of patients with discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), commonly with mucocutaneous lesions elsewhere. DLE solely involving the eyelids is relatively rare. This study aimed to describe the clinical features and treatments of all the reported cases of DLE with eyelid involvement as the only symptom.MethodsA systematic review was done of all the related literature published both in English and Chinese from May 1, 1984, to March 1, 2020. Only those cases of DLE solely involving eyelids were selected and summarized in two tables.Results(i) DLE solely involving the eyelids is five times more likely to affect females than males. (ii) The majority of cases were presenting with unilateral eyelid involvement. Lower lids, especially both lower lids, were the most commonly affected locations. (iii) An erythematous plaque with scales is the most frequent manifestation. (iv) Approximately 22.9% of the cases had a positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) titer, and the speckled pattern was the most seen. For direct immunofluorescence (DIF), 94.4% of the performed cases showed positive results. (v) More than 85% of these cases showed an excellent response to treatment with oral antimalarials.ConclusionAwareness of this atypical presentation is important to avoid underdiagnosis of DLE solely involving the eyelids. A biopsy for both routine histology and DIF is critical for establishing the diagnosis.
Concepts of power in boundary spanning research: A review and research agenda
Authors: Collien Isabel 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis meta‐analytic review of power‐sensitive boundary spanning research provides strong evidence that power enables, broadens and limits boundary spanning practices and outcomes. Boundary spanners use power bases to drive innovation and empower others to maintain cross‐cultural collaboration, while altering unequal power relations that hinder learning and knowledge‐sharing in organizations. The review further points to avenues for future research on power in boundary spanning processes: future boundary spanning studies would profit from strengthening a relational, social‐constructivist understanding of power bases. This encompasses accounting for the power bases of all actors involved, expanding the notion of power bases to demographic diversity of gender, race or class, or showing how the relative importance of power bases is constructed within fields. Boundary spanning research would also benefit from expanding postcolonial and poststructuralist perspectives, which provide tools to detect subtle workings of power in boundary spanning processes. This may alter theoretical and practical implications, for example when boundary objects associated with transparency and freedom may be presented as limiting boundary spanners’ field of action.
A fix‐and‐optimize heuristic for the minmax regret shortest path arborescence problem under interval uncertainty
Authors: Carvalho Iago A. , Noronha Thiago F. , Duhamel Christophe , Vieira Luiz F. M. , Santos Vinicius F. dos 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe minmax regret shortest path arborescence (M‐SPA) problem under interval uncertainty is a robust counterpart of the shortest path (SP) arborescence problem, where arc costs are modeled as intervals of possible values. This problem finds applications in the design of topologies for low‐power wireless personal area networks. The previous work presented a mixed‐integer linear programming formulation and heuristics for this problem. In this paper, we propose a new heuristic for M‐SPA, called the fix‐and‐optimize through heuristic decomposition (FO‐HD). It consists of two steps. The first step solves multiple instances of the minmax regret SP problem under interval uncertainty, while the second step combines their solutions into an arborescence. As far as we know, this is the first work in the literature to apply the fix‐and‐optimize metaheuristic to minmax regret problems. We also show that a lower bound for the optimal solution of M‐SPA can be computed from the first step of FO‐HD. This lower bound allows us to show that the maximum average optimality gap of this heuristic was 0.2% among all classical and novel instances used in the computational experiments.
Application of overbooking model to college admission at The Citadel
Authors: Zhang Li , Pippins John C. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe admission office in almost every four‐year college faces the challenge of determining the number of students to be admitted each year, because only a small percentage of the students enroll after being accepted (called yield rate). The national average yield rate in four‐year colleges and universities has declined. At The Citadel under normal circumstances, it is even more challenging since the cadets are required to stay on campus where the beds in the barracks are limited. An insufficient number of freshmen enrolled at The Citadel result in a loss of revenue, and too many freshmen enrolled results in shortage of beds. In this paper, we conduct a case study and apply the overbooking model in revenue management to find the optimal admission limit at The Citadel. We perform a computation experiment on the enrollment data to obtain the optimal admission limit for the academic year 2020–2021. Also, over the last five years, we have compared the admission limit obtained using the risk‐based policy to the admission limit obtained using the deterministic heuristic method, and with the actual admission number from the historical data. The results of this case study can be used by the admission office at The Citadel to measure its past performance, identify strategies, and make informed admission decisions in the near future.
Modified Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐PbZrO3–PbTiO3 ceramics with high piezoelectricity and temperature stability
Authors: Wang Pengbin , Guo Qinghu , Li Fei , Xia Fangquan , Hao Hua , Sun Huajun , Liu Hanxing , Zhang Shujun 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThere is a great demand to develop ferroelectric ceramics with both high piezoelectric coefficient and broad temperature usage range for emerging electromechanical applications. Herein, a series of Sm3+‐doped 0.25Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3‐(0.75−x)PbZrO3‐xPbTiO3 ceramics were fabricated by solid‐state reaction method. The phase structure, dielectric and piezoelectric properties were investigated, where the optimum piezoelectric coefficient d33 = 745 pC/N and electromechanical coupling factor k33 = 0.79 were obtained at the morphotropic phase boundary composition x = 0.39, with good Curie temperature TC of 242°C. Of particular importance is that high‐temperature stability of the piezoelectric and field‐induced strain was obtained over the temperature range up to 230°C for the tetragonal compositions of x = 0.40. The underlying mechanism responsible for the high piezoelectricity and temperature stability is the synergistic contribution of the MPB and local structural heterogeneity, providing a good paradigm for the design of high‐performance piezoelectric materials to meet the challenge of piezoelectric applications at elevated temperature.
Associations among marijuana use, health‐related quality of life, exercise, depression and sleep in cancer survivors
Authors: Xu Wanli , Gilmer Declan O. , Starkweather Angela , Kim Kyounghae 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimsTo assess associations among cannabis use, health‐related quality of life, exercise, depression and sleep among a nationally representative sample of US adults living with cancer.DesignA cross‐sectional correlational study.MethodsWe used survey data from the 2016–2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Analyses were considered for sample weights and the complex designs. Logistic regression was performed to assess associations among cannabis use (0, 1–19, vs. 20–30 [frequent] days), health‐related quality of life (0–13 vs. ≥14 mentally or physically unhealthy days in the past 30 days; 0–13 vs. ≥14 functionally limited days), exercise, depression, and sleep after accounting for covariates. Reason for cannabis use (medical vs. non‐medical) was also assessed.ResultsFrequent users had significantly more physically unhealthy days (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.28–2.51, p < .01) and reported ≥ 14 mentally unhealthy days (adjusted OR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.78–3.32, p < .001) and depression (adjusted OR: 2.65, 95% CI: 1.97–3.57, p < .001) compared with non‐users. A positive relationship between frequency of cannabis use and depression existed only among non‐medical cannabis users.ConclusionCancer survivors using cannabis frequently (20 days+ in the past month) had poorer mental health‐related quality of life. The reason for cannabis use as well as frequency of use may be important considerations in predicting depression.ImpactThis is the first study that evaluates the associations among cannabis use, the purpose of cannabis use, HRQoL, exercise, depression and sleep in a nationally representative sample of US adults living with cancer. Frequent cannabis users are likely vulnerable to poorer mental health‐related quality of life and depression, and non‐medical cannabis use in frequent users was associated with depression. Given expanding medical cannabis legalization, these findings warrant further attention so that this information can be used by people living with cancer in decision‐making for symptom self‐management.
A mixed methods study of the healthcare received by patients diagnosed with a personality disorder on acute general hospital wards
Authors: Sharda Leila , Baker John , Cahill Jane 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimThe study examined concurrent mental and physical healthcare received by patients diagnosed with a personality disorder on acute general hospital wards. The specific objectives were (i) to conduct a web based cross sectional survey and (ii) to explore experiences and perspectives with a subsection of the survey sample, using telephone interviews.DesignA convergent parallel mixed methods design, which comprised a web‐based cross sectional survey (n = 65) with embedded qualitative telephone interviews (n = 12). Participants were social media users, with a self‐reported diagnosis of personality disorder, admitted to an acute general hospital in the UK in the previous 2 years.MethodsParticipants were recruited on social media between May 2017 and August 2017 by snowballing. Mixed data were integrated at the stage of analysis using a framework approach. Findings are reported thematically.ResultsMost of the participants surveyed (94%, n = 61) reported distress during admission to the acute general hospital. However, the findings indicated the hospital environment was not conducive to mental health. Four interrelated themes were identified and related to: patient distress; the workforce; service delivery; and service design.ConclusionFindings indicated that patients with a personality disorder diagnosis received disadvantaged healthcare, might be at considerable risk of treatment noncompletion, and were languishing in the gaps between mental and physical health services.ImpactThis is one of the first studies to collect primary data on the concurrent mental and physical healthcare received by patients diagnosed with a personality disorder on acute general hospital wards. Ad hoc training and education focused on raising awareness of ‘personality disorder’ would not seem sufficient to address the deficits.This research may be of interest to people who use mental health services, acute general hospital and liaison clinicians, hospital managers and researchers.
Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Nigeria in 1995 and 2020: A systematic analysis of current evidence
Authors: Adeloye Davies , Owolabi Eyitayo O. , Ojji Dike B. , Auta Asa , Dewan Mary T. , Olanrewaju Timothy O. , Ogah Okechukwu S. , Omoyele Chiamaka , Ezeigwe Nnenna , Mpazanje Rex G. , Gadanya Muktar A. , Agogo Emmanuel , Alemu Wondimagegnehu , Adebiyi Akindele O. , Harhay Michael O. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractImproved understanding of the current burden of hypertension, including awareness, treatment, and control, is needed to guide relevant preventative measures in Nigeria. A systematic search of studies on the epidemiology of hypertension in Nigeria, published on or after January 1990, was conducted. The authors employed random‐effects meta‐analysis on extracted crude hypertension prevalence, and awareness, treatment, and control rates. Using a meta‐regression model, overall hypertension cases in Nigeria in 1995 and 2020 were estimated. Fifty‐three studies (n = 78 949) met our selection criteria. Estimated crude prevalence of pre‐hypertension (120‐139/80‐89 mmHg) in Nigeria was 30.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 22.0%‐39.7%), and the crude prevalence of hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg) was 30.6% (95% CI: 27.3%‐34.0%). When adjusted for age, study period, and sample, absolute cases of hypertension increased by 540% among individuals aged ≥20 years from approximately 4.3 million individuals in 1995 (age‐adjusted prevalence 8.6%, 95% CI: 6.5‐10.7) to 27.5 million individuals with hypertension in 2020 (age‐adjusted prevalence 32.5%, 95% CI: 29.8‐35.3). The age‐adjusted prevalence was only significantly higher among men in 1995, with the gap between both sexes considerably narrowed in 2020. Only 29.0% of cases (95% CI: 19.7‐38.3) were aware of their hypertension, 12.0% (95% CI: 2.7‐21.2) were on treatment, and 2.8% (95% CI: 0.1‐5.7) had at‐goal blood pressure in 2020. Our study suggests that hypertension prevalence has substantially increased in Nigeria over the last two decades. Although more persons are aware of their hypertension status, clinical treatment and control rates, however, remain low. These estimates are relevant for clinical care, population, and policy response in Nigeria and across Africa.
Novel chimeric TLR2/NOD2 agonist CL429 exhibited significant radioprotective effects in mice
Authors: Cheng Ying , Du Jicong , Liu Ruling , Dong Suhe , Cai Jianming , Gao Fu , Liu Cong 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSevere ionizing radiation causes the acute lethal damage of haematopoietic system and gastrointestinal tract. Here, we found CL429, the novel chimeric TLR2/NOD2 agonist, exhibited significant radioprotective effects in mice. CL429 increased mice survival, protected mice against the lethal damage of haematopoietic system and gastrointestinal tract. CL429 was more effective than equivalent amounts of monospecific (TLR2 or NOD2) and combination (TLR2 + NOD2) of molecules in preventing radiation‐induced death. The radioprotection of CL429 was mainly mediated by activating TLR2 and partially activating NOD2. CL429‐induced radioprotection was largely dependent on the activation of TLR2‐MyD88‐NF‐κB signalling pathway. In conclusion, the data suggested that the co‐activation of TLR2 and NOD2 could induce significant synergistic radioprotective effects and CL429 might be a potential high‐efficiency selective agent.
Role of sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptors in vascular injury of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Wang Xuewen , Chen Shuhua , Xiang Hong , Liang Ziwei , Lu Hongwei 
Published: February 2021

AbstractSphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptors (S1PRs) have an impact on the intestinal inflammation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by regulating lymphocyte migration and differentiation. S1PR modulators as an emerging therapeutic approach are being investigated for the treatment of IBD. However, the role of S1PRs in intestinal vessels has not drawn much attention. Intestinal vascular damage is one of the major pathophysiological features of IBD, characterized by increased vascular density and impaired barrier function. S1PRs have pleiotropic effects on vascular endothelial cells, including proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and barrier homeostasis. Mounting evidence shows that S1PRs are abnormally expressed on intestinal vascular endothelial cells in IBD. Unexpectedly, S1PR modulators may damage intestinal vasculature, for example increase intestinal bleeding; therefore, S1PRs are thought to be involved in the regulation of intestinal vascular function in IBD. However, little is understood about how S1PRs regulate intestinal vascular function and participate in the initiation and progression of IBD. In this review, we summarize the pathogenic role of S1PRs in and the underlying mechanisms behind the intestinal vascular injury in IBD in order for improving IBD practice including S1PR‐targeted therapies.
P62‐positive aggregates are homogenously distributed in the myocardium and associated with the type of mutation in genetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: van der Klooster Zoë Joy , Sepehrkhouy Shahrzad , Dooijes Dennis , te Rijdt Wouter P. , Schuiringa Frederique S. A. M. , Lingeman Jolanthe , van Tintelen Johannes Peter , Harakalova Magdalena , Goldschmeding Roel , Suurmeijer Albert J. H. , Asselbergs Folkert W. , Vink Aryan 
Published: February 2021

AbstractGenetic cardiomyopathy is caused by mutations in various genes. The accumulation of potentially proteotoxic mutant protein aggregates due to insufficient autophagy is a possible mechanism of disease development. The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution in the myocardium of such aggregates in relation to specific pathogenic genetic mutations in cardiomyopathy hearts. Hearts from 32 genetic cardiomyopathy patients, 4 non‐genetic cardiomyopathy patients and 5 controls were studied. Microscopic slices from an entire midventricular heart slice were stained for p62 (sequestosome‐1, marker for aggregated proteins destined for autophagy). The percentage of cardiomyocytes with p62 accumulation was higher in cardiomyopathy hearts (median 3.3%) than in healthy controls (0.3%; P < .0001). p62 accumulation was highest in the desmin (15.6%) and phospholamban (7.2%) groups. P62 accumulation was homogeneously distributed in the myocardium. Fibrosis was not associated with p62 accumulation in subgroup analysis of phospholamban hearts. In conclusion, accumulation of p62‐positive protein aggregates is homogeneously distributed in the myocardium independently of fibrosis distribution and associated with desmin and phospholamban cardiomyopathy. Proteotoxic protein accumulation is a diffuse process in the myocardium while a more localized second hit, such as local strain during exercise, might determine whether this leads to regional myocyte decay.