bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Various Matrixes on the Strength Properties of Moulding Sands with Thermally Hardened Hydrated Sodium Silicate for the Ablation Casting Process
Authors: Major-Gabryś Katarzyna , Puzio Sabina , Bryłka Agata , Kamińska Jadwiga 
Published: July 2021

The essence of ablation casting technology consists in pouring castings into single-use moulds made from the mixture of sand and a water-soluble binder. After pouring the mould with liquid metal yet while the casting is still solidifying, the mould destruction (washing out, erosion) takes place using a stream of cooling medium, which in this case is water. This paper focuses on the selection of moulding sands with hydrated sodium silicate for moulds used in ablation casting. The research is based on the use of water glass 145 and 150 as binders. As part of the research, loose moulding mixtures based on two silica sands from different sand mines with different content of binders were prepared. The review of literature data and the results of own studies have shown that moulding sand with hydrated sodium silicate hardened by dehydration is characterized by sufficient strength properties to be used in the ablation casting process. Our own research also confirmed the possibility of using these sand mixtures in terms of both casting surface quality and sand reclamation. The results presented in this paper prove that both sand grains and types of binder tested may be used as components in moulding sands devoted to ablation casting.
Detection of genomic regions associated malformations in newborn piglets: a machine-learning approach
Authors: Bakoev Siroj , Traspov Aleksei , Getmantseva Lyubov , Belous Anna , Karpushkina Tatiana , Kostyunina Olga , Usatov Alexander , Tatarinova Tatiana V. 
Published: July 2021

Background
A significant proportion of perinatal losses in pigs occurs due to congenital malformations. The purpose of this study is the identification of genomic loci associated with fetal malformations in piglets.

Methods
The malformations were divided into two groups: associated with limb defects (piglet splay leg) and associated with other congenital anomalies found in newborn piglets. 148 Landrace and 170 Large White piglets were selected for the study. A genome-wide association study based on the gradient boosting machine algorithm was performed to identify markers associated with congenital anomalies and piglet splay leg.

Results
Forty-nine SNPs (23 SNPs in Landrace pigs and 26 SNPs in Large White) were associated with congenital anomalies, 22 of which were localized in genes. A total of 156 SNPs (28 SNPs in Landrace; 128 in Large White) were identified for piglet splay leg, of which 79 SNPs were localized in genes. We have demonstrated that the gradient boosting machine algorithm can identify SNPs and their combinations associated with significant selection indicators of studied malformations and productive characteristics.

Data availability
Genotyping and phenotyping data are available at http://www.compubioverne.group/data-and-software/.
Determination of the Petro-physical and Natural Radioactivity Properties of Nubian Sandstone Aquifer at the Area of Northwest El Ain Village, Sharq El-Oweinat Area, Southwestern Desert, Egypt
Authors: Twfiq Mohamed Z. , Zarif Fardous M. , Massoud A. , Al-Temamy Ayman M. 
Published: July 2021

The Nubian sandstone aquifer's hydrogeophysical and natural radioactivity parameters at the Northwestern part of El Ain village, Sharq El Oweinat, Southwestern desert, Egypt are resolved using geophysical well logging and natural radioactivity techniques. The study aims to monitor the phenomenon of appearing an unusual high gamma-ray at a zone of high resistivity record. A nest of well logs is collected to assess how the phenomenon is widespread. Results of correlated well logs are clarified that this phenomenon at zone between 80 and 100 m and zone of 200 and 230m depth is noticed. The petro-physical properties are estimated from the recorded well logs. The results showed that the percentage of the average of effective porosity % varies between 20 and 28.2%, while average vary from 2 to 12.5 %, which indicates that the aquifer of Nubian Sandstone is classified as a clean aquifer. The natural radioactivities of the studied area in the rock samples were evaluated using high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The results indicated that the average value of Th-232 is (51.32 ±4.92%) Bq/kg, Ra-226 is (29.03 ± 4.68%) Bq/kg while the radioactivity concentration of K-40 exists only in one sample with low concentration.
Morphological and Biochemical Effects of Aqueous Extract of Moringa oleifera Leaf on Cobalt Chloride-Induced Cerebral Damage in Adult Wistar Rats
Authors: Ajibade A. J. , Okeleye A. E. , Ogunmola I. A. 
Published: July 2021

Cobalt induces hypoxia in the brain which leads to oxygen deprivation resulting in cognitive disturbance and decreased motor control. This study evaluated the effect of Moringa oleifera extract on the cobalt chloride-induced cerebral cortex of adult male wistar rats.
40 male wistar rats weighing (90 ± 120g) were used for the study and they were divided into 5 groups with each group containing 8 rats. Group A served as control which received distilled water, Group B was treated orally with Cobalt chloride at dose 45 mg/kg, Group C received cobalt chloride 45 mg/kg + low dose of Moringa oleifera extract 250 mg/kg for 52 days, Group D treated with cobalt chloride 45 mg/kg + high dose of Moringa oleifera extract 500 mg/kg and Group E treated with 500 mg/kg Moringa oleifera extract only and rats were sacrificed on the 53rd day by cervical dislocation. The brain of each rat was removed and weighed before half was fixed in formol calcium for histological analysis and the second half was used for oxidative stress parameters. The mean body weight of the wistar rats in group C and E increased significantly (P <0.05) while it decreased significantly (P <0.05) in group D. The biochemical analysis shows a significant increase (P<0.05) in the level of MDA in group B and a significant decrease (P<0.05) in group E. additionally, NO level shows a significant increase (P<0.05) in group B compared with control. SDH activity decreased significantly in group C, D, and E. Microscopic examination of the cerebral cortex in group B, C and D showed degenerative changes compared with normal histological features in A and E.
The study concluded that cobalt chloride induced cerebral cortical damage while administration of Moringa oleifera extract attenuated the toxic effect of cobalt chloride in wistar rats.
Health Impacts of Alcohol Consumption: Report on Focus Group Findings
Authors: Theingi M. M. , Sakthiavelan S. K. , Kirtisha R. , Jeswary R. , Gowsshalya R. , Praveen S. K. 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Alcohol is one of the most widely used drug substances in the world. Most people drink a small or moderate amount of alcohol to make them calm and enhance their social activities. Alcohol have become many individuals’ livelihood and that itself is a major catastrophe for some people. This study aims to obtain perspectives in regards to Alcohol consumption among participants of different age groups, education backgrounds, religions, races and social statuses.
Methods: A focus group discussion consists of 3 male and 3 female Malaysians with age range from 16 to 45 was conducted. It consists of a mix group of alcohol consumers and non-alcohol consumers, students and adults from different racial backgrounds, genders and age groups. The participants were approached through qualitative research where they were asked both open-ended and close-ended questions based on various themes regarding the subject matter.
Results: In this study, peer pressure is one of the root causes that made most of the participants to initially try alcohol. Family’s acceptance towards alcohol drinking becomes a confounding factor that gives the child to do as they wish. Those who are still in school or universities showed that they consumed more alcohol. The realization of the younger age group towards health implications of alcohol consumption is still poor compared to those of the older age group. Although participants were well aware of the social problems, it is limited to their experiences as well as social backgrounds.
Conclusion: Participants’ knowledge regarding alcohol consumption has to be improved. Further analysis on the alcohol drinking behaviour on a larger scale might be needed to alleviate all the problems caused by alcohol consumption.
Evaluation of the Organ Microscopy, Chemical Composition and Anti-inflammatory Potentials of Methanolic Leaf Extract and Fractions of Diaphananthe bidens
Authors: Umeyor Immaculeta C. , Umeyor Chukwuebuka E. , Ogbue Cyril O. , Onyegbule Felix A. , Okoye Festus B. C. 
Published: July 2021

Aim: The study aims to investigate high-pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC)-based chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic leaf extract and fractions of D. bidens.
Study Design: The study is a laboratory-based research involving collection, identification and preparation, of plants, extraction, characterization and evaluation of the anti-inflammatory potential of D. bidens.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria between January 2016 and June 2019.
Methodology: Powdered leaves of D. bidens was macerated in methanol and the obtained crude extract was fractionated using n-hexane, ethylacetate, butanol, and water respectively. The acute toxicity profile of the extract was determined. Spectroscopic factors of the plant were assayed using HPLC-DAD and the anti-inflammatory activity of the extract and its fractions were evaluated.
Results: Acute toxicity study showed that the crude extract has an LD50 > 5,000 mg/kg. HPLC-DAD analysis revealed the presence of compounds including apigenin monoglycoside, quercetin 3-O-(6''O-acetyl) galactopyranoside, kaempferol 3-O-(6" O-malonyl) glucoside, genistein 8-C-glucoside, while anti-inflammatory study showed that the extract and fractions inhibited cellular activities of inflammatory mediators (86 – 97 %) in comparison with the diclofenac (53 %); thus, supporting its ethnomedicinal use in the treatment of inflammation.
Conclusions: Methanolic extract of D. bidens has wide margin of safety. It has sufficient deposit of flavonoids which might be responsible for its strong anti-inflammatory activity that is comparable with diclofenac.
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Dry Matter Accumulation and Nutrient Uptake by Maize (Variety-MS 2) under Poplar Agroforestry System
Authors: Sahoo Gyanaranjan , Wani Afaq Majid , Roul Pravat Kumar , Dash Asim Chandra 
Published: July 2021

Aims: To evaluate the influence of farmyard manure, vermicompost, mustard oil cake, poultry manure, and inorganic fertilisers (N, P, K) on maize dry matter buildup and nutrient uptake by plants, as well as to demonstrate how maize may be produced in a poplar agroforestry system.
Study Design: Randomized block design.
Place and Duration of Study: Forest Nursery, College of Forestry, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India, between July 2019 – October 2019 and July 2020 – October 2020.
Methodology: The research was laid out in Randomized Block Design replicated thrice with twelve treatments viz., T1 (Control), T2 (100% Recommended dose of fertilizer), T3 (75%) RDF), T4 (50%) RDF), T5 (75%) RDF + (25%) RDF through FYM), T6 (50%) RDF + (50%) RDF through FYM), T7 (75%) RDF + (25%) RDF through Mustard Oilcake, T8 (50%) RDF + (50%) RDF through Mustard Oilcake and T9 (75%) RDF + (25%) RDF through Vermicompost, T10 (50%) RDF + (50%) RDF through Vermicompost, T11 (75%) RDF + (25%) RDF through poultry manure and T12 (50%) RDF + (50%) RDF through poultry manure. These treatment combinations were applied prior to sowing of maize. After harvesting of maize in October, the said observations i.e. dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake by maize plant were calculated.
Results: In the effect of twelve treatments, T9 (75% RDF + 25% N through Vermicompost) considerably influenced and recorded highest dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake by maize, followed by T11 during two consecutive years, while T1 (control), where no fertiliser or manure was applied under a poplar agroforestry system, recorded the lowest.
Conclusion: by application of vermicompost in combination with chemical fertiliser considerably improved growth characteristics and output. All of the treatments had a considerable impact on maize growth and yield. The optimum result was found to be 75 % RDF + 25 % Vermicompost (T9) in the current study. Our results indicated that, organic fertilizer can be a superior supplement of inorganic fertilizer to produce healthier growth and yield of maize.
The effect of CPA Firms, Audit Fee and CPA Rotation on Earnings Quality (Case Study: IT Industry in China)
Authors: Hsiao Chih-Yi , Jiang Zi-Ruo 
Published: July 2021

In recent years, there are many researches on the relationship between CPA firms and earnings quality. However, the manipulation of profit and loss by listed companies still exists. Different from previous studies, this paper selects all the information technology industry of Chinas listed companies in 2019 as the research object, and uses the fuzzy-set/ qualitative comparative analysis method (fs/QCA) to explore the impact of accounting firm size, audit fees and accounting rotation on earnings quality. The results show that regular rotation of accountants and separation of two rights are the key factors to improve earnings quality. On this basis, small-scale companies in the development stage need to pay more public audit fees to obtain professional advice, but they do not need to hire large-scale CPA firms; For large-scale companies with system, the public audit fee should not be too high, and whether to employ large-scale firms does not affect the earnings quality; For a company with poor financial structure, it is not necessary to employ large-scale CPA firms and the public audit fee should not be too high.
Design of a Microcontroller Based Community Security System for Developing Nations
Authors: Akinwole O. O. , Adewale A. S. , Ojo A. J. 
Published: July 2021

There can never be any time in the history of mankind that issue of community security secures the rapt attentions of all and sundries. It is believed in many security circles that the upsurge may not be unconnected from craves for materialism, ubiquitous social media technologies and a breakdown in citizen’s value systems. The design uses an AtMega328P based Microcontroller to develop the security system. It uses Photosensitive and Passive Infrared devices as sensors. Codes were written and compiled. Simulation was done using Proteus while implementation was achieved on breadboard. The system operates each time an intruder is sensed; with the presence of any burglar, a buzzer sounds an alarm and security lighting system switch on for five minutes. A 16 by 2 LCD unit displays the state of the machine. It is believed undoubtedly that the loud noise from the buzzer will keep awake the domestic buildings’ occupants and other security conscious neighbours thereby scaring away the unwanted guests.
Surgical Outcome of Hirschsprung’s Disease in Male Child: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Dhole Pallavi 
Published: July 2021

Introduction: This disorder characterized by absence of particular nerve cells (ganglions) in a segment of the bowel in an infant. Ganglion cell absence allows the muscles of the intestines to lose their capacity to pass faeces across the peristalsis of the intestine. This condition affects the large intestine and causes problem with passing stool. The condition is congenital. In around 1 out of 5000 live births, Hirschsprung disease occurs and is three times more frequent in boys than girls. About 12% of cases are due to genetic disorders.
Patient history: A 2 years old male was admitted in A.V.B.R. Hospital in paediatric ward. His chief complaint was inability to pass stools on his own, fever, vomiting, constipation.
Paediatric history: This male child was born by Lower segment caesarean section. At the age of 17 months, the complaint started with inability to pass stool on his own. After that his parents approached A.V.B.R. Hospital and Doctor advised for further medical and surgical management.
Main symptoms and importance of clinical findings: The patient had undergone various investigations like blood tests, USG, Physical examination and. rectal biopsy and per abdominal x-ray.
Medical Management: Patient was treated with trans-anal endorectal pull through surgery under general anaesthesia
Nursing management: Administered fluid replacement i.e. DNS and RL, monitored all vital signs checked 8 hourly.
Conclusion: The 2 years old male was admitted in A.V.B.R. Hospital in paediatric ward. His chief complaint was inability to pass stools on his own, fever, vomiting, constipation etc. after undergoing investigation he was diagnosed as Hirschsprung’s disease.
Outcomes Assessment between Hand Sewn and Stapled Intestinal Anastomosis
Authors: Yousfani Zubair Ahmad , Das Khenpal , Atta Jabeen , Rind Ghullamullah , Zoya Moomal , Devi Shanti 
Published: July 2021

Objective: This study was conducted at the Department of Surgery of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan for comparing the effectiveness of both methods: hand sewn and stapled intestinal anastomosis and to find a better comparatively to be more efficient.
Methods: A total of 70 patients were encompassed who underwent intestinal anastomoses from proximal jejunum to 2/3rd of proximal distal rectum. All patients were assigned to two different groups A and B each encompassing of 35 cases. In group A, the single layer continuous and in group B single layer patients intervallic serosubmucosal anastomosis was made by implementing the stitches approximately 6 mm at a distance integrating around 5.5 mm of the gut in its stretched direction axis evading individual mucosa. The patients were observed post operatively for anastomotic fiasco such as leakage.
Results: Fourteen (14) out of 35 (2.5%) patients in group A developed anastomotic leakage . In group B, the interrupted serosubmucosal anastomoses were made in 26 patients in emergency and remaining were operated schedule wise. Five (7%) patients exhibited anastomotic leakage in group B. In group A, the continuous leakage in serousubmucosal anastomosis was 2.5% while in group B interrupted serousubmucosal anastomosis was 7%.
Conclusion: It has observed in past studies that single layer interrupted stitches leakage is higher as compared to continuous. It is clear that anastomotic failure in group A is greater than group B but it not considerably substantial and hence both are remarkably efficient.
The Importance of Early Management of Severe Biliary Infection: Current Concepts
Authors: Amillo-Zaragüeta Mireia , Nve Esther , Casanova Daniel , Garro Pau , Badia Josep M 
Published: July 2021

BackgroundThe incidence of biliary infections is rising worldwide and has become one of the main reasons for emergency admissions.MethodsThis is a narrative review of the literature emphasizing news concepts related to the early management of biliary diseases.ResultsThe bacteriology is frequently polymicrobial, with a progressive increase of multidrug resistant bacteria. The form of presentation is variable, and the mortality rate may reach 20%. When cholecystitis or cholangitis is suspected, ultrasound is the gold standard imaging test. Depending on the severity of presentation, local resistances, and risk factors for multiresistant organisms, the most appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment must be initiated. In acute cholecystitis, cholecystectomy plays the main therapeutic role. In patients not suitable for surgery, percutaneous cholecystostomy is a valid alternative for source control. Treatment of severe cholangitis is based on the drainage of the bile duct and antibiotic therapy.ConclusionsBiliary infections are serious conditions that can lead to sepsis and death. The introduction of new internationally accepted guidelines, based on clinical presentation, laboratory tests, and imaging, provides a platform for their timely diagnosis and management. Early severity assessment, initiation of intravenous antibiotics, and source control are fundamental to improving morbidity and mortality.
Tumor Associated Macrophages and TAMs‐Based Anti‐Tumor Nanomedicines
Authors: Cheng Yuxi , Song Siyang , Wu Peiyao , Lyu Bochen , Qin Mengmeng , Sun Yanan , Sun Aning , Mu Limin , Xu Fei , Zhang Lu , Wang Jiancheng , Zhang Qiang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAs an important part of tumor microenvironment, tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) play a vital role in the occurrence, development, invasion, and metastasis of many malignant tumors and can significantly promote the formation of tumor blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, hence TAMs are greatly associated with poor prognosis. The research on nanomedicine has achieved huge progress, and nano‐drugs have been widely utilized to treat various diseases through different mechanisms. Therefore, developing nano‐drugs that are based on TAMs‐associated anti‐tumor mechanisms to effectively suppress tumor growth is expected to be a promising research filed. This paper introduces relevant information about TAMs in terms of their origin, and their roles in tumor genesis, development and metastasis. Furthermore, TAMs‐related anti‐tumor nano‐drugs are summarized. Specifically, a wide range of nano‐drugs targeting at TAMs are introduced, and categorized according to their therapeutic mechanisms toward tumors. Additionally, various nano delivery platforms using TAMs as cell carriers which aim at inhibiting tumor growth are reviewed. These two parts elucidate that the exploration of nanomedicine is essential to the study on TAMs‐related anti‐tumor strategies. This review is also intended to provide novel ideas for in‐depth investigation on anti‐tumor molecular mechanisms and nano‐drug delivery systems based on TAMs.
Color‐Tunable All‐Fluorescent White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes with a High External Quantum Efficiency Over 30% and Extended Device Lifetime
Authors: Zhang Chen , Zhang Dongdong , Bin Zhengyang , Liu Ziyang , Zhang Yuewei , Lee Hyuna , Kwon Jang Hyuk , Duan Lian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWhite organic light‐emitting diodes (WOLEDs) with high efficiencies and tunable colors attracts considerable interest from the industry and academia. Thermally activated delayed‐fluorescence (TADF) emitters can revolutionize such WOLED devices; however, they still suffer from poor performances. In this study, an advanced double‐emissive‐layer device architecture capable of hole‐trapping TADF‐sensitized emissions is proposed to not only achieve a recombination zone shift for the tunable colors but also accelerate exciton emission dynamics for high efficiency and alleviated roll‐off. The proof‐of‐concept WOLEDs exhibit significant shifts in their Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates and correlated color temperatures from (0.40, 0.47) and 4088 K at 100 cd m−2 to (0.27, 0.33) and 9269 K at 5000 cd m−2. Additionally, the maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) reaches 30.7% and remains >25% over a wide luminance range of 500–5000 cd m−2, along with an extended LT80 of over 20 000 h at an initial luminance of 100 cd m−2. This is the first time that all‐fluorescent WOLEDs have been used to realize an EQE exceeding 30%, thereby establishing a new benchmark in this field.