bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colloid carcinoma derived from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreatic head with calcification: A case report and literature review
Authors: Miyamoto Ryoichi , Amikura Katsumi , Matsudaira Shinichi , Ishida Hiroyuki , Ogura Toshiro , Takahashi Amane , Kihara Atsushi , Kanda Hiroaki , Kawashima Yoshiyuki 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Colloid carcinoma derived from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreatic head with prominent calcification is exceedingly rare. Only a few studies about this entity have been reported in the literature. Therefore, its biological behavior, appropriate treatment modalities, and overall patient prognosis remain largely unclear. In this report, we present a case of a resected colloid carcinoma derived from IPMN with prominent calcification. In addition, we review the relevant literature and discuss the clinical management of colloid carcinoma derived from IPMN with prominent calcification, including the histopathological features.

Case presentation
A 75-year-old man presented with a pancreatic tumor measuring 58 mm on the head of the pancreas that was incidentally detected by abdominal ultrasonography. Abdominal computed tomography and endosonography revealed a multilobular cystic lesion with a 17 mm mural nodule in the pancreatic head. Furthermore, prominent calcification was observed on part of the cyst wall. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed a multilobular cyst in the branch duct lacking communication between the cystic lesion and the main pancreatic duct. Thus, the lesion was diagnosed as intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC) with a preoperative classification of T1N0M0 stage IA according to the 8th Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) guidelines, and the patient underwent conventional pancreatoduodenectomy. The resected specimen was microscopically found to contain colloid carcinoma, probably derived from IPMN. In addition, marked calcification was confirmed in the partition wall of the cystic mass. The postoperative course was uneventful, and no evidence of recurrence or metastasis was observed after 10 months of follow-up.

Conclusions
We consider that colloid carcinoma derived from IPMN should be differentially diagnosed as a pancreatic multilobular cystic lesion with prominent calcification that shows no sign of systemic chronic pancreatitis.
Polymorphism in the symmetries of gastric pouch arrangements in the sea anemone D. lineata
Authors: Sarper Safiye E. , Hirai Tamami , Matsuyama Take , Kuratani Shigeru , Fujimoto Koichi 
Published: September 2021

AbstractSymmetry in the arrangement of body parts is a distinctive phylogenetic feature of animals. Cnidarians show both bilateral and radial symmetries in their internal organs, such as gastric pouches and muscles. However, how different symmetries appear during the developmental process remains unknown. Here, we report intraspecific variations in the symmetric arrangement of gastric pouches, muscles, and siphonoglyphs, the Anthozoan-specific organ that drives water into the organism, in D. lineata (Diadumenidae, Actiniaria). We found that the positional arrangement of the internal organs was apparently constrained to either biradial or bilateral symmetries depending on the number of siphonoglyphs. Based on the morphological observations, a mathematical model of internal organ positioning was employed to predict the developmental backgrounds responsible for the biradial and bilateral symmetries. In the model, we assumed that the specification of gastric pouches is orchestrated by lateral inhibition and activation, which results in different symmetries depending on the number of siphonoglyphs. Thus, we propose that a common developmental program can generate either bilateral or biradial symmetries depending on the number of siphonoglyphs formed in the early developmental stages.
Delivery and evaluation of an e-Learning framework through computer-aided analysis of learners’ reflection text in a teacher development course
Authors: Kong Siu-Cheung 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis study aimed at proposing an e-Learning framework in school education. The proposed framework consisted of technology and pedagogy dimensions. The method of computer-aided analysis of learners’ reflection text was used to evaluate the pedagogical delivery of the proposed framework. A study involving 33 in-service teachers in a teacher development course was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the pedagogical delivery. The computer-aided analysis of learners’ reflection text on “what is e-Learning” before and after the teaching of the course showed that learners deepened their understanding about the technology use and the importance of pedagogy in e-Learning, to consider more the component on theories/models/principles/strategies in pedagogical design and practices, emphasize more the reflection and discussion in learning and teaching activities, and also realize more the possibility of pedagogical decision-making using data collected from online learning. The questionnaire survey and focus group interview with learners also indicated that the pedagogical delivery of the e-Learning framework with the support from the computer-aided analysis of learners’ reflection text coupled with hierarchical visualization of analysis results was positively perceived. The research findings contribute pioneering insights into the use of a computer-aided approach for an accurate and efficient evaluation in teacher development courses on e-Learning.
Maternal death due to ruptured uterus consequent to abruptio placentae: 2 case reports
Authors: Jaiswani Arun Kumar , Tripathi Utkarsh , Bansal Snigdha Jain , Singh Vartika , Jaiswani Kanchan 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Abruptio placentae is a complication of pregnancy that can lead to uterine rupture, increasing maternal and fetal mortality, especially when there is a lack of medical outreach in remote areas.

Case presentation
We present two maternal deaths due to uterine rupture in a term pregnancy consequent to abruptio placentae. In one case, the uterus ruptured at the previous lower segment Caesarean section (LSCS) scar site and in another over the lateral wall of Couvelaire uterus. In both cases, the fetus was partially lying outside the uterus in the peritoneal cavity, and there was a massive retro-placental clot.

Conclusions
Early identification of high-risk factors, followed by institutional delivery, may reduce maternal and fetal mortality due to abruption followed by uterine rupture.
Entomopathogenic microorganisms: their role in insect pest management
Authors: Deka Bhabesh , Baruah Chittaranjan , Babu Azariah 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Entomopathogens are pathogenic to insect pests. Several types of naturally occurring, viz. fungus, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes, infect a range of insect pests and help manage crop growth. They offer several advantages over chemical pesticides, including being precise, safe, and ecologically sustainable. Agricultural systems are streamlined, and changes to natural ecosystems occur. Viruses, bacteria are host-specific, while fungi have a greater host range, and they may infect both soil-dwelling and aboveground pests.

Main body
The study highlights the current state of knowledge on entomopathogenic microorganisms (EM) (entomopathogenic fungi, nematodes, viruses, bacteria, etc.) as it relates to their current usage as biological pest management. It is essential to enhance our understanding of the ecology of EM and their role in nature to use a variety of biological control techniques against insect hosts. This article may help to comprehend their accomplishments in the significant field. Some recent researches indicated common patterns in interactions between insect pests and EM.

Conclusion
More focus has been placed on the use of natural enemies like entomopathogens for pest control in recent years. EM expands possibilities for insect control. Eco-friendly alternatives to existing agricultural pesticides are being developed which are utilized to control insect pests and support agricultural sustainability.
Immigrants' Employment Stability Over the Great Recession and Its Aftermath
Authors: Tamborini Christopher R. , Villarreal Andrés 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe examine immigrant men's employment stability during the Great Recession and its aftermath using a longitudinal approach that draws on data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), a nationally representative panel survey of U.S. residents. Discrete-time event-history models are used to estimate male immigrants' relative risk of experiencing an involuntary job loss or underemployment, defined as working less than full-time involuntarily. The analysis also investigates differences in job stability by immigrant documentation status. Undocumented immigrants are identified using a logical allocation method augmented with external information about whether the respondent was successfully matched with administrative data. We find that immigrants are at significantly higher risk of involuntary job loss, and especially of underemployment relative to native-born workers. Undocumented immigrants face a greater risk of adverse job transitions, particularly underemployment in the first part of the recession. When demographic and job characteristics are taken into account, immigrant-native and documented-undocumented differences attenuate but remain in many instances. A comparison of our findings with those from an earlier nonrecessionary period from 2004 to 2006 suggests that immigrants' higher risk of employment instability may be attributed to the recession.
Investigating the Structure of Son Bias in Armenia With Novel Measures of Individual Preferences
Authors: Schief Matthias , Vogt Sonja , Efferson Charles 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Sex ratios at birth favoring boys are being documented in a growing number of countries, a pattern indicating that families selectively abort females. Son bias also explains why, in many countries, girls have more siblings and are born at relatively earlier parities compared with their brothers. In this study, we develop novel methods for measuring son bias using both questionnaire items and implicit association tests, and we collect data on fertility preferences and outcomes from 2,700 participants in Armenia. We document highly skewed sex ratios, suggesting that selective abortions of females are widespread among parents in our sample. We also provide evidence that sex-selective abortions are underreported, which highlights the problem of social desirability bias. We validate our methods and demonstrate that conducting implicit association tests can be a successful strategy for measuring the relative preference for sons and daughters when social desirability is a concern. We investigate the structure of son-biased fertility preferences within households, across families, and between regions in Armenia, using measures of son bias at the level of the individual decision-maker. We find that men are, on average, considerably more son-biased than women. We also show that regional differences in son bias exist and that they appear unrelated to the socioeconomic composition of the population. Finally, we estimate the degree of spousal correlation in son bias and discuss whether husbands are reliably more son-biased than their wives.
des-, mata- ja maks-konverbitarindi inforoll
Authors: Simmul Carl Eric 
Published: September 2021

Kokkuvõte. Artikkel käsitleb eesti keele des-, mata- või maks-konverbitarindit sisaldavat komplekslauset. Aluseks on kvalitatiivne uurimus, mille käigus on analüüsitud 1803 konverbitarindit sisaldava lause semantilisi, morfosüntaktilisi ja infostruktuurilisi tunnuseid. Antakse ülevaate sellest, missuguseid inforolle täidab konverbitarind põhilause suhtes ja missuguste teguritega seostub konverbitarindi inforolli varieerumine. Uurimusest selgub konverbitarindi neli põhilist inforolli: 1) raamistav teema, 2) reema taustaosa, 3) fookus ja 4) omaette infoüksus. Konverbitarindi inforoll seostub tihedalt sõnajärjega, nii konverbi kui ka tarindi asukohaga. Konverbialguline tarind toimib tavaliselt omaette infoüksusena, konverbilõpuline ja ühesõnaline tarind aga moodustavad põhilausega ühise infoüksuse. Tarindi inforoll oleneb seejuures tarindi asukohast: konverbilõpuline või ühesõnaline eestarind toimib tavaliselt raamistava teemana, sisetarind reema taustaosana ja järeltarind fookusena. Teistest teguritest seostuvad konverbitarindi inforolliga nt kirjavahemärgistus, põhilause kommunikatiivne tüüp, fookustavad üldlaiendid, konverbi laiendite pikkus ja struktuur ning semantiline funktsioon.
Abstract. Carl Eric Simmul: The informational role of Estonian ‑des, ‑mata and ‑maks converb constructions. This article discusses the complex clauses that entail an Estonian ‑des, ‑mata or ‑maks converb construction, i.e., an infinite construction functioning as a free modifier. The article is based on a study of 1803 sentences entailing a converb construction, and gives an overview of the informational roles of the converb construction as well as the main factors of its variation. The study revealed that the Estonian converb construction has four main informational roles: 1) frame-setting topic, 2) background of the comment, 3) focused part of the comment and 4) distinct information unit. The informational role of a converb construction mainly depends on the word order. A construction starting with a converb normally functions as a distinct information unit. A construction ending with a converb or consisting only of a converb normally forms an unitary information unit together with the main clause. The specific informational role of the construction ending with a converb or consisting only of a converb is dependent on the position of the construction: constructions located before the main clause function as topics, constructions located inside the main clause function as the background part of the comment, constructions located after the main clause function as foci. Other important factors related to the informational role are, for example, the interpunction, the communicative type of the main clause, focusing adverbs, the semantic function of the converb construction, the length and structure of the arguments of the converb construction.
Mis juhtus ja kes tegi? Põhjustamisahela eestikeelsed väljendusvahendid
Authors: Tomson Kairit , Tragel Ilona 
Published: September 2021

Kokkuvõte. Artikkel käsitleb kausatiivsuse väljendusvahendeid suulises eesti keeles. 14 eesti keelt emakeelena kõnelejat kirjeldasid 43 videoklipis kujutatud põhjustamisahelat. Uurimuse esimene eesmärk oli saada ülevaade kasutatud väljendusvahenditest. Materjalis esinesid täielikult põhjuslikkust väljendavad vahendid (põhjustamis- ja tulemussündmust sisaldavad) ja põhjustamisahela osade sidujad. Põhjustamissituatsiooni osasündmuste seos võidi jätta eksplitsiitselt väljendamata, osi ühendati ka sõnaga ja või ning, sidesõnadega (nt sest) ja konnektiividega (nt mille peale). Põhjustamisahela väljendusvahenditena kasutati ka relatiivlauseid, des-konverbi, v-kesksõna, elatiivi, komitatiivi, kaassõnu, erinevaid konstruktsioone (nt analüütilisi kausatiivikonstruktsioone) ja derivatiivseid ning leksikaalseid kausatiive. Teine eesmärk oli vaadata väljendusvahendite jagunemist erinevate situatsioonitüüpide vahel. Kõigis kirjeldustes esines näiteid, milles põhjustamissituatsiooni osi eksplitsiitse väljendusvahendiga ei seotud, seoti sõnadega ja või ning või kasutati mõnda muud siduvat sõna. Kõikide situatsioonitüüpide kirjeldamiseks kasutati ka põhjuslikkust väljendavaid muutuskonstruktsioone, relatiivlauseid, derivatiivseid ja leksikaalseid kausatiive.
Abstract. Kairit Tomson, Ilona Tragel: What happened and who did it? Means of expressing causality in Estonian. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the means of causal chain in Estonian and to describe how those means are distributed between causal situation types. The results of this research are based on the experiment with 14 Estonian speakers who described 43 video clips by answering the question “What happened?”. The video clips originate from the project “Causality across Languages”. Participants described causal situations by using 1) constructions (e.g rebib pooleks ‘tears apart’, ajab naerma ‘makes laugh’, palub visata ‘asks to throw’), 2) morphological causatives, 3) lexical causatives, 4) linking words between subevents (e.g ja ‘and’, nii et ‘so that’, sest ‘because’ and relative pronouns), 5) other morphosyntactic means (des-converb, case suffixes, postpositions). In addition, subevents were mentioned without adding any linking word in between.
When Finnish and Karelian person systems come together: Comparing open person constructions in Border Karelian dialects
Authors: Uusitupa Milla 
Published: September 2021

Abstract. This article is a contribution to the recent discussion on open reference and especially on open second-person singular usage in Finnish and other European languages. The article focuses on four referentially open person constructions – namely the zero construction, the necessive construction, the second-person singular construction, and the imperative construction – and their interplay and variation in spoken discourse in Border Karelian dialects. The aim of this article is three-fold. First and foremost, it argues that the aforementioned open person constructions are fundamentally four separate types. Second, it aims to expand the on-going discussion on open reference in Finnish by introducing the person system of its closely related but highly endangered cognate language, Karelian. Third, it raises the following question: In a wider Finnic context, is the zero construction, above all, a Finnish way of leaving the reference open and unspecified?
Kokkuvõte. Milla Uusitupa: Kui soome ja karjala isikusüsteemid kohtuvad: avatud isikukonstruktsioonide võrdlus piiriala karjala murretes. Artikkel on täiendus hiljutisele diskussioonile avatud viitesuhtest ja eriti avatud ainsuse teise isiku kasutusest soome keeles ja teistes Euroopa keeltes. Artikkel keskendub neljale avatud viitesuhtega isikukonstruktsioonile – nullkonstruktsioon, netsessiivkonstruktsioon, ainsuse teise isiku ja imperatiivkonstruktsioon – ning nende vastastikusele mõjule ja varieerumisele piiriala karjala murrete suulises diskursuses. Artiklil on kolm eesmärki. Esimene ja peamine eesmärk on osutada, et eelmainitud avatud isikukonstruktsioonid moodustavad neli põhitüüpi. Teiseks, artikkel laiendab käimasolevat diskussiooni avatud viitesuhtest soome keeles, tutvustades ohustatud lähisugulaskeele, karjala keele isikusüsteemi. Kolmandaks tõstatab artikkel küsimuse, kas läänemeresoome keelte kontekstis on nullkonstruktsioon just soome keelele omane viis jätta viitesuhe avatuks ja täpsustamata.
New Rules for Attracting Experts to Control and Supervisory Activities in the Field of Education
Authors: Feklin S. , Ladnushkina N. 
Published: September 2021

From July 1, 2021, new rules of control and supervision activities come into force, in the framework of the control activities of which experts are involved.
The authors of the article, having studied the regulatory legal acts and analyzed the scientific literature, explain the essence of the examination and the expert, their rights during inspections, as well as the new rules for the certification of experts.
Tibial tray debonding from the cement mantle is associated with deformation of the backside of polyethylene tibial inserts
Authors: Bhalekar Rohan M. , Nargol Matthew E. , Shyam Nish , Nargol Antoni V. F. , Wells Stephen R. , Collier Ryan , Pabbruwe Moreica , Joyce Thomas J. , Langton David J. 
Published: September 2021

Aims The aim of this study was to investigate whether wear and backside deformation of polyethylene (PE) tibial inserts may influence the cement cover of tibial trays of explanted total knee arthroplasties (TKAs). Methods At our retrieval centre, we measured changes in the wear and deformation of PE inserts using coordinate measuring machines and light microscopy. The amount of cement cover on the backside of tibial trays was quantified as a percentage of the total surface. The study involved data from the explanted fixed-bearing components of four widely used contemporary designs of TKA (Attune, NexGen, Press Fit Condylar (PFC), and Triathlon), revised for any indication, and we compared them with components that used previous generations of PE. Regression modelling was used to identify variables related to the amount of cement cover on the retrieved trays. Results A total of 114 explanted fixed-bearing TKAs were examined. This included 76 used with contemporary PE inserts which were compared with 15 used with older generation PEs. The Attune and NexGen (central locking) trays were found to have significantly less cement cover than Triathlon and PFC trays (peripheral locking group) (p = 0.001). The median planicity values of the PE inserts used with central locking trays were significantly greater than of those with peripheral locking inserts (205 vs 85 microns; p < 0.001). Attune and NexGen inserts had a characteristic pattern of backside deformation, with the outer edges of the PE deviating inferiorly, leaving the PE margins as the primary areas of articulation. Conclusion Explanted TKAs with central locking mechanisms were significantly more likely to debond from the cement mantle. The PE inserts of these designs showed characteristic patterns of deformation, which appeared to relate to the manufacturing process and may be exacerbated in vivo. This pattern of deformation was associated with PE wear occurring at the outer edges of the articulation, potentially increasing the frictional torque generated at this interface. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2021;103-B(12):1791–1801.
Smart Bins: Fallstudienbasierte Bewertung der Nutzenpotenziale von Füllstandssensoren in intelligenten Abfallbehältern
Authors: Hoffmann David , Franz Ruben , Hawlitschek Florian , Jahn Nico 
Published: September 2021

ZusammenfassungSmart City-Strategien, gesellschaftliche Trends und übergeordnete Nachhaltigkeitsziele erfordern neuartige Ansätze in der Abfallentsorgung. Zentrales Element stellt dabei die Weiterentwicklung konventioneller Abfallbehälter zu intelligenten „Smart Bins“ dar. Hier verspricht insbesondere der Einsatz von Sensorik zur Erkennung von Füllgraden eine effizientere und effektivere Abhollogistik. Abfallbehälter werden üblicherweise in fest definierten Intervallen, unabhängig vom Füllgrad, geleert. Während eine verfrühte Abholung unnötige Aufwände und Emissionen zur Folge haben kann, kann eine zu späte Abholung in überfüllten Behältern und Littering-Verhalten resultieren. Zusätzlich kann der Einsatz von Sensorik in Abfallbehältern zur Verbesserung des Standplatzservice, einem besseren Behältermanagement und zu neuartigen digitalen Services beitragen. Der Einsatz von Sensorik erfordert jedoch ein Verständnis der technischen Rahmenbedingungen und den Möglichkeiten einer zielgerichteten Verwendung. Sensorik wird in der Branche noch nicht umfassend eingesetzt, auch die aktuelle Forschungslage ist fragmentiert und stützt sich überwiegend auf Simulationsstudien oder praktische Untersuchungen in laborähnlichen Szenarien. Dieser Artikel zeigt daher konkret die verschiedenen Ausprägungsformen einer sensorbasierten Messung von Behälterfüllgraden auf. Basierend auf einer multiplen Fallstudie mit drei Entsorgungsunternehmen werden anhand des praktischen Einsatzes von Sensoren zentrale Herausforderungen, Empfehlungen für weitere Pilotprojekte und Anforderungen an zukünftige Entwicklungen abgeleitet. Dieser Artikel bietet damit einerseits eine theoretisch und praktisch fundierte Entscheidungshilfe für Entsorgungsunternehmen, welche den Einsatz von Füllstandssensoren erwägen. Andererseits werden Wissenschaft und Praxis aufgerufen, die skizzierten Lösungsansätze für die identifizierten Herausforderungen mitzugestalten.