bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Mini Review of the Effects of NSP and Exogenous Enzymes in Broiler Diets on Digestibility and Some Intestinal Functions
Authors: Polovinski-Horvatović Miroslava 
Published: November 2021

Summary
NSP (non-starch polysaccharides) are a large group of compounds, which vary greatly in their chemical structure and properties. They are linked with the use of some of the alternative proteins or energy feed ingredients in broiler nutrition. Exogenous enzymes which act on NSP are sometimes in broiler production with the purpose of increasing digestibility of nutrients and consequently increasing broiler performance in production. This paper will attempt to review changes occurring in the digestive tract as a result of the use of feed with NSP soluble and insoluble in water, and the effect of NSPase on them, in terms of how an animal organism is burdened or helped to overcome the problems.
Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Drought Tolerance in a Mapping Population of Durum Wheat
Authors: Larouk Chafia , Gabon Fatima , Kehel Zakaria , Djekoun Abdelhamid , Nachit Miloudi , Amri Ahmed 
Published: November 2021

Summary
This study was conducted to compare and estimate the genetic variability among durum wheat lines in response to drought according to their grain yields and physiological traits. The use of fluorescence parameters as drought selection criteria for durum wheat was investigated in a population of 249 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between two cultivars of durum wheat: ‘Svevo’ and ‘Kofa’. The durum wheat RILs considered were analyzed to determine the relationship between their grain yields and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters at the grain filling stage under drought stress (rainfed) and supplemental irrigation (irrigated) conditions during the 2004 and 2005 seasons at the ICARDA center. The results obtained show that the durum wheat line performance was influenced by drought stress, indicating significant differences between the grain yields and fluorescence parameters recorded under drought rainfed (RF) and irrigation (IR) conditions. Significant differences between the experimental groups of durum wheat RILs (P<0.05) were only recorded under drought conditions, with the exception of leaf water potential (Lwp). Under such conditions, nearly all the parameters examined were significantly increased in the high-yielding group (with the exception of the Que parameter), thus revealing the genetic variability of the durum wheat lines considered in response to drought stress. The potential quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) was found to be positively associated with the grain yield parameter. The mean values of Fv/Fm in both the high- and low-yielding groups significantly dropped under drought stress (0.71 and 0.68, respectively) compared to the Fv/Fm values recorded under irrigated conditions (0.80 and 0.81). Under drought conditions, slopes were highly significant (P<0.001) nearly for all the fluorescence parameters examined (with the exception of CHLSPAD) compared to those recorded under irrigation conditions. It was concluded that chlorophyll content (SPAD), F0, Fm, Fv, Fv/Fm, Lwp, and Que could be used as additional indicators in screening wheat germplasm for drought tolerance.
Effect of Partial Substitution of Corn with Whole-Grain Wheat in Fattening Lamb Diets on their Growth Performance
Authors: Ivković Mirko , Krstović Saša , Polovinski-Horvatović Miroslava , Beuković Dejan , Pihler Ivan , Glamočić Dragan 
Published: November 2021

Summary
Wheat grain is commonly used for animal feeding in some regions while it is rarely used in others. Its nutrient composition is quite similar to more commonly used corn grain, but there are some concerns regarding its effect on animal performance and health. However, it appears that usage of wheat grain in animal feeding is dominantly affected by economic rather than nutritional reasons. When used with caution, wheat can be a good alternative to corn. In order to test this, 20 Wurttemberg lambs, three months old, were randomly separated in two groups and fed diets containing 600 g of corn grain, or 300 g of corn grain and 300 g of wheat grain, for a period of one month. The used grains were whole, non processed grains. Two diets contained the same commercial protein supplement and alfalfa hay was offered ad libitum. Both groups accepted their experimental diet well and readily consumed the amounts offered. No health problems were observed. Growth rate was higher in male than in female lambs, but was not affected by wheat inclusion.
Creative Personal Identity and Creative Mindsets, and Their Implications for Creative Potential and Metacognition: A Latent Variable and a Latent Class Approach
Authors: Puente-Diaz Rogelio , Cavazos-Arroyo Judith 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The amount of attention given to creative beliefs has increased in recent years. This article suggests that the selection of one´s best ideas from a set of self-generated alternatives should be included as an indicator of metacognition; something known as creative metacognition accuracy. The present investigation examined the role of creative mindsets and creative personal identity on the selection of one´s best idea, creative self-efficacy, and potential, under two conceptualizations of these beliefs: latent variables and latent classes. College business students completed a battery of questionnaires assessing creative mindsets, creative personal identity, and creative self-efficacy. In addition, participants completed a divergent thinking task involving improvement of smartphones an-d were asked to choose their best idea. Two independent judges also selected the best idea from participants’ set of self-generated ideas. Under the latent class conceptualization, a class with high levels of growth mindset and creative personal identity, and low levels of a fixed mindset showed higher levels of accurate idea selection and creative self-efficacy than the rest of the classes. Similarly, under the latent variable conceptualization, creative personal identity had a positive influence on accurate idea selection and creative self-efficacy.
Assessing Creativity from the Viewpoint of Law
Authors: Veiksa Ingrida 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Originality is the main criterion for creating an author’s work. However, authors are often influenced by previous works of other authors that they have seen, heard or experienced. The aim of this study is to identify criteria for determining creativity in authors’ works, trying to find and define the difference between accidental influence and deliberate misappropriation or plagiarism. This article does not claim an in-depth analysis of creativity and originality from a social science perspective. It is more a scientific essay on creativity from a law science point of view, so that further research can be carried out in the field of authorship and its determination. In order to find an answer to the research question (Where does influence end and plagiarism begin?), theoretical framework and knowledge about creativity were observed, international and national laws were studied, case law from different countries was researched, materials of international conferences were examined, as well as information accessible on the Internet on copyright issues was observed. The research used a descriptive method to investigate the works of various researchers on the types of mutual influence, regulatory framework and court practice in this field, as well as a grammatical, systemic, teleological, and historical interpretation of legal norms to assess the inadequacy of existing legal norms and propose the necessary amendments in legislative enactments. The main result of this study is understanding that the factor of consciousness or subconscious forms the main criteria. If the influence is unintentional, the copyright of the original work is not infringed, but if repetition is intentional, when it goes beyond originality, the new work is considered to be an appropriation of authorship or plagiarism.
Visual Art Gifted Child in Pre-School and Early School Years
Authors: Podobnik Uršula , Selan Jurij 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Visual arts media in pre-school and early school years and development of children’s drawing are well researched. However, when one considers that children are endowed with a talent for visual arts, the research is not as comprehensive and clear-cut. The signs of freedom of expression and imagination, intuitiveness and originality, an inclination to individual work, high sensitivity, and other indicators begin to show soon after visual art gifted (VAG) children enter the representative stages of visual arts. This article was based on a longitudinal case study that was carried out to show some aspects of the functioning of a VAG child in pre-school and early school years and to make some suggestions on how to consider the needs of VAG children.
How Groups Generate Creative Ideas? Interview with Roni Reiter-Palmon
Authors: Reiter-Palmon Roni , Lebuda Izabela 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the interview with Roni Reiter-Palmon, one of most prolific creativity researchers, we discuss her career, main areas of research interest, chosen research methods and share her thoughts about the future of research on creativity and effectiveness in scientific work.
Of Anthropophagy and Anthropology: Monsters and Men in Beowulf and Northwest Coast Myth and Ritual
Authors: Harkin Michael E. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Monsters can be divided into two categories: human-like and non-human. Non-human monsters tend to be chthonic beings that are associated with the earth and natural forces. Humanoid monsters represent metaphorical transformations of humanity itself, and as such reveal basic cultural values, such as sociability, while displaying their opposite. Humanoid monsters are the more terrifying, precisely because we recognize ourselves in them, although in an uncanny refraction. In the epic poem Beowulf and in myth and ritual of the Kwakiutl and Heiltsuk cultures of the Northwest Coast, manlike monsters play a central role.
A Monstrous Morality: Tzitzimime and their Relatives as Enforcers of Social Control
Authors: Hudson Kathryn M. , Henderson John S. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The tzitzimime – as reflected in central Mexican ethnohistorical sources and precolumbian imagery – represent a diverse array of mostly female divinities associated with fertility. Under Spanish influence, they were re-conceptualized as malevolent, mostly male agents of the Christian devil. Related beings attested elsewhere, especially in the ethnography of eastern Mesoamerica, are distinctly monstrous. They are particularly salient in “wild” contexts, outside the realm of culture, and serve as enforcers of social norms. This paper traces the development of these creatures from their quasi-monstrous tzitzimime forbears and considers how they have been – and continue to be – conceptualized in relation to sociopolitical differences in their cultural contexts.
Robust decentralized controller design in time domain: Equivalent subsystem approach
Authors: Veselý Vojtech 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In this paper, the original method to design of PID robust decentralized controller is obtained for linear time-invariant large-scale uncertain system. The controller design procedure performs on the subsystem level such that the closed-loop stability and performance of complex system in the frame of the designer chosen controller design procedure ( H
2
, L
2 -gain, pole placement,...) is guaranteed. The proposed method is implemented in two steps. In the first step, the required dynamic properties of the subsystems are determined so as to ensure the stability of complex system. In the second step, on the subsystem level a decentralized controller design is provided using any suitable design procedure for each subsystem.
On possible energy savings with transmission supported via feedback channel in CubeSat transceiver
Authors: Farkaš Peter , Rakús Martin 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Recently a transmission technique, which can save energy thanks to supportive transmission in the feedback channel, was presented for transmitted information with different probability distributions. The basic assumption for its practical exploitation is that a node collecting information has enough energy - much more than the supported node. So far, in the published theoretical analysis it was assumed that the node does not consume energy for receiving the supporting sequence or that the amount of this energy is negligible comparing to energy needed for transmission. This paper makes the analyses more exact and practically oriented. Particularly, it estimates possible energy savings by incorporating the energy expenditures for receiving the supporting sequence in scenarios with Poisson distributed payload messages. The data from a real transceiver for CubeSat are used for obtaining the numerical results in these estimations.
Intelligent reflected surfaces assisted code domain non-orthogonal multiple access scheme
Authors: Shukla Aasheesh 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe propagation medium plays a crucial role in any wireless communication networks, the channel between the transmitter and the receiver, deteriorate the quality of the received signal due to the uncontrollable interactions such as scattering, reflection, and refraction in the channel with the surrounding objects. To overcome this challenge, the recent advent of recongurable intelligent surfaces can be helpful, in which the network operators can control the radio waves,eg, the phase, amplitude, frequency, and even polarization, of the impinging signals without the need of complex decoding, encoding, and radio frequency processing operations. On the other hand, few research papers reported an efficient code domain non orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) such as Interleave division multiple access (IDMA) system for wireless information transfer. Persuaded by the capability of this arising RIS technology, the present article is aimed to provide the modified framework of IDMA (code-domain NOMA) communication system based on RIS technology. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves better SNR performance than the conventional IDMA framework.
Bioimpedance to assess the body composition of high-performance karate athletes: applications, advantages and perspectives
Authors: Rossi Luciana 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Karate, a millennial martial art, was recently inserted among traditional Olympic combat sports for the Olympic Games in Japan. The aim of the present study is to determine, through bioimpedance analysis, the body composition of high-performance athletes participating in the São Paulo Olympic Karate Project. Participants were 22 athletes of both sexes, average age of 23.6 (6.0) years old, body mass of 66.6 (13.5) kg and fat percentage of 16.6 (5.5)%. Bioimpedance test indicated significant differences between sexes related to sexual dysmorphia, which had an impact on bioelectrical variables. Through comparative evaluation between male and female athletes, this study contributes to body composition analysis, indicating that, in the future, related bioimpedance tests should be used beyond their classical application, including phase angle, muscle function and other attributes.
Analysis of β-agonists in different biological matrices by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Śniegocki Tomasz , Sell Bartosz , Posyniak Andrzej 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Wide use is made of β-agonists in therapy due to their smooth muscle–relaxant properties. They also have a side effect of increasing muscle mass. Besides improving oxygen utilisation as bronchodilators, β-agonists increase protein synthesis and promote fat burning. The growth- and performance-enhancing effects are often exploited in illegal use. The guiding objective of this study was to develop a procedure for the determination of β-agonists by a single method in different types of matrices.

Material and Methods
Five grams of homogenised samples were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis with β-glucuronidase in ammonium acetate, pH 5.2. Purification was performed by solid phase extraction. Analytes were eluted with 10% acetic acid in methanol. The eluted β-agonists were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.

Results
Validation results met the requirement of the confirmation criteria according to European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC in terms of apparent recoveries (93.2–112.0%), repeatability (3.1–7.1%) and intra-laboratory reproducibility (4.1–8.2%).

Conclusion
The method can be successfully applied in the detection and determination of clenbuterol, salbutamol, mabuterol, mapenterol, terbutaline, brombuterol, zilpaterol, isoxsuprine and ractopamine in feed, drinking water, urine, muscle, lung and liver matrices.
The protective action of piperlongumine against mycobacterial pulmonary tuberculosis in its mitigation of inflammation and macrophage infiltration in male BALB/c mice
Authors: Lu Nihong , Yang Yongrui , Li Xiaofei , Li Jie , Cheng Jie , Lv Zhengxuan , Du Yingrong 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Piperlongumine (PL) is a bioactive alkaloid and medicinal compound of piperamide isolated from the long pepper (Piper longum Linn). It has demonstrated bactericidal action against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the cause of pulmonary tuberculosis; nevertheless, immunomodulatory activity had not been identified for it in MTB-triggered granulomatous inflammation. This study investigated if piperlongumine could inhibit such inflammation.

Material and Methods

Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv was subjected to a broth microdilution assay. Piperlongumine at 5, 15, and 25 μg/mL, 0.2% dimethyl sulphoxide as control or 4 μM of dexamethasone were tested in vitro on MH-S murine alveolar macrophages. BALB/c mice were orally administered PL at 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg b.w. after trehalose-6,6-dimycolate (TDM) stimulation. Chemokine and cytokine concentrations were determined in lung supernatants. Flow cytometry and Western blot analysis were performed to determine phosphorylated spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways.

Results
Piperlongumine inhibited inflammatory mediators and adherence of lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 to MH-S cells following TDM activation. It also improved macrophage clearance of MTB. In TDM-stimulated MH-S cells, PL significantly influenced the macrophage inducible Ca2+-dependent lectin receptor (Mincle)-Syk-ERK signalling pathway. Oral dosing of PL effectively suppressed the development of pulmonary granulomas and inflammatory reactions in the TDM-elicited mouse granuloma model.

Conclusion
PL as an inhibitor of MTB-triggered granulomatous inflammation may be an effective complementary treatment for mycobacterial infection.
“Just” Algorithms: Justification (Beyond Explanation) of Automated Decisions Under the General Data Protection Regulation
Authors: Malgieri Gianclaudio 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper argues that if we want a sustainable environment of desirable AI systems, we should aim not only at transparent, explainable, fair, lawful, and accountable algorithms, but we also should seek for “just” algorithms, that is, automated decision-making systems that include all the above-mentioned qualities (transparency, explainability, fairness, lawfulness, and accountability). This is possible through a practical “justification” statement and process (eventually derived from algorithmic impact assessment) through which the data controller proves, in practical ways, why the AI system is not unfair, not discriminatory, not obscure, not unlawful, etc. In other words, this justification (eventually derived from data protection impact assessment on the AI system) proves the legality of the system with respect to all data protection principles (fairness, lawfulness, transparency, purpose limitation, data minimisation, accuracy, storage limitation, integrity, and accountability). All these principles are necessary components of a broader concept of just algorithmic decision-making and is already required by the GDPR, in particular considering: the data protection principles (Article 5), the need to enable (meaningful) contestations of automated decisions (Article 22) and the need to assess the AI system necessity, proportionality and legality under the Data Protection Impact Assessment model framework. (Article 35).
The Moral and Legal Status of Artificial Intelligence (Present Dilemmas and Future Challenges)
Authors: Milinkovic Igor 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) systems raises dilemmas regarding their moral and legal status. Can artificial intelligence possess moral status (significance)? And under what conditions? Can one speak of the dignity of artificial intelligence as the basis of its moral status? According to some authors, if there are entities who have the capacities on which the dignity of human beings is based, they would also possess intrinsic dignity. If dignity is not an exclusive feature of human beings, such status also could be recognised by artificial intelligence entities. The first part of the paper deals with the problem of moral status of artificial intelligence and the conditions that must be fulfilled for such a status to be recognised. A precondition for the existence of moral status of artificial intelligence is its ability to make autonomous decisions. This part of the paper considers whether developing autonomous AI is justified, or, as some authors suggest, the creation of AI agents capable of autonomous action should be avoided. The recognition of the moral status of artificial intelligence would reflect on its legal status. The second part of the paper deals with the question of justifiability of ascribing legal personhood to the AI agents. Under what conditions would recognition of legal personhood by the artificial intelligence be justified and should its legal subjectivity be recognised in full scope or only partially (by ascribing to the AI agents a “halfway-status,” as some authors suggest)? The current state of the legal regulation of artificial intelligence will be observed as well.
Added value of sites suitable for sustainable office development
Authors: Kupec Josef 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Valuations of real estate are widely used for various purposes and it relied always upon the financial and other markets. Valuation methodology is based on the operation of the free market economy and the real estate properties. The issue of certified properties is relatively new in the field of real estate valuation and is not sufficiently explored. Certified buildings are preferred by major corporate tenants with international field of activity who often have ethical rules for sustainable development. Therefore, certified properties are attractive to international commercial real estate investors who have higher purchasing power and are willing to pay a higher purchase price. Sustainable property certification is an element affecting the market value of the property. The purpose of this presented research is to quantify the impact of property certification on the value of office properties in Prague and subsequently to determine the impact of sustainability certificates on the market value of the land by using basic valuation techniques. The outcome of the project could be used by real estate valuation experts as a guideline to consider the future project certification and its impact on the land market value.