bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning Enabled Deblurring of Computed Tomography Images of Porous Media
Authors: Alsamadony Khalid Labib , Yildirim Ertugrul Umut , Glatz Guenther , bin Waheed Umair , M. Hanafy Sherif 
Published: October 2021

AbstractComputed tomography (CT) is an important tool to characterize rock samples allowing quantification of physical properties in 3D and 4D. The accuracy of a property delineated from CT data is strongly correlated with the CT image quality. In general, high-quality, lower noise CT Images mandate greater exposure times. With increasing exposure time, however, more wear is put on the X-Ray tube and longer cooldown periods are required, inevitably limiting the temporal resolution of the particular phenomena under investigation.In this work, we propose a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) based approach to improve the quality of images collected during reduced exposure time scans. First, we convolve long exposure time images from medical CT scanner with a blur kernel to mimic the degradation caused because of reduced exposure time scanning. Subsequently, utilizing the high- and low-quality scan stacks, we train a DCNN. The trained network enables us to restore any low-quality scan for which high-quality reference is not available. Furthermore, we investigate several factors affecting the DCNN performance such as the number of training images, transfer learning strategies, and loss functions.The results indicate that the number of training images is an important factor since the predictive capability of the DCNN improves as the number of training images increases. We illustrate, however, that the requirement for a large training dataset can be reduced by exploiting transfer learning. In addition, training the DCNN on mean squared error (MSE) as a loss function outperforms both mean absolute error (MAE) and Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) loss functions with respect to image quality metrics.The presented approach enables the prediction of high-quality images from low exposure CT images. Consequently, this allows for continued scanning without the need for X-Ray tube to cool down, thereby maximizing the temporal resolution. This is of particular value for any core flood experiment seeking to capture the underlying dynamics.
Prediction of Gas Viscosity of Yemeni Gas Fields Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Deumah Salman Sadeg , Yahya Wahib Ali , Al-khudafi Abbas Mohamed , Ba-Jaalah Khaled Saeed , Al-Absi Waleed Tawfeeq 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Gas viscosity is an important physical property that controls and influences the flow of gas through porous media and pipe networks. An accurate gas viscosity model is essential for use with reservoir and process simulators. The objective of this study is to assess the predictability of gas viscosity of Yemeni gas fields using machine learning techniques.
Performance of some machine learning techniques in the prediction of gas viscosity investigated in this work. The techniques include K-nearest neighbors (KNN), Random Forest (RF), Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), and Decision Tree (DT). About 440 data points were collected from different Yemeni gas fields were used to develop the machine-learning model. The input data used in the training include pressure, temperature, gas density, specific gravity, gas formation volume factor, gas deviation factor, gas molecular weight, pseudo-reduced temperature and pressure, pseudo-critical temperature and pressure, and non-hydrocarbon gas components (N2, CO2, and H2S). Part of the data (75%) was used to train the developed models using the algorithms while another part of the data (25%) was used to predict the viscosity of gas for samples. Trained machine learning models were constructed using the Python programming language. The performance and accuracy of the machine learning models were tested and compared their results based on four different functional input datasets. The result of this study found that that the DT model predicted the gas viscosity with higher accuracy, and gave very good results better than other models based on input parameters of the dataset (A) and (B). This was evidenced by lower the Root mean square error (0.000832), lower mean absolute percent relative error (0.042%), and higher coefficient of determination (R2=0.9465).
The proposed approach in the present study provides an accurate and inexpensive model for estimating the viscosity of gases as a function of all input parameters of the dataset (A). Overall, the relative effects of these different input parameters have verified that the gas viscosity has the uppermost relevant to the gas density and specific gravity that have the highest percentage of 51%.
Creating Opportunities for Successful Artificial Intelligence Applications in the Upstream Petroleum Industry
Authors: Anifowose Fatai Adesina 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The petroleum industry has continued to show more interest in the application of artificial intelligence (AI). Most professional gatherings now have sub-themes to highlight AI applications. Similarly, the number of publications featuring AI applications has increased. The industry is facing the challenge of scaling up the applications to practical and impactful levels. Most of the applications end up in technical publications and narrow proofs of concept. For the industry's digital transformation objective to be fully achieved, efforts are required to overcome the current limitations. This paper discusses possible causes of the prevailing challenges and prescribes a number of recommendations to overcome them. The recommendations include ways to handle data shortage and unavailability issues, and how AI projects can be designed to provide more impactful solutions, regenerate missing or incomplete logs, and provide alternative workflows to estimate certain reservoir properties. The results of three successful applications are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the recommendations. The first application estimates a log of reservoir rock cementation factors from wireline data to overcome the limitation of the conventional approach of using a constant value. The second application used the machine learning methodology to regenerate missing logs possibly due to tool failure or bad hole conditions. The third application provides an alternative approach to estimate reservoir rock grain size to overcome the challenges of the conventional core description. Tips on how these applications can be integrated to create a bigger impact on exploration and production (E&P) workflows are shared. It is hoped that this paper will enrich the current AI implementation strategy and practice. It will also encourage increased synergy and collaborative integration of domain expertise and AI methods to make better impact and achieve the digital transformation of E&P business goals.
Delayed Ureteral Fistula After Laparoscopic Lateral Lymph Node Dissection for Rectal Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: yang ying , Deng Xiang-Bing , Wei Ming-Tian , Meng Wen-Jian , Wang Zi-Qiang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background: Ureteral injury is the most common urological complication of pelvic surgery. Lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) is a technically demanding procedure by laparoscopy after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), which may increase the risk of ureteral injury because the ureter and hypogastric fascia must be dissected from the vesicohypogastric fascia to preserve them. Case presentation: Here, we present a case of delayed ureteral leakage occurring in a 63-year-old male patient who underwent laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection (APR) with right LLND after nCRT. Ureteral reimplantation (vesicoureteric anastomosis) was performed in this patient due to the failure of the placement of the double J stent. Conclusions: Our case shows that ureteral leakage may occur in the pelvic segment of the ureter in the patient who underwent laparoscopic LLND, especially received preoperative radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.
The Life-Cycle Assessment of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Life-Cycle Costs of E-Waste Management in Thailand
Authors: Mangmeechai Aweewan 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
There is no clear direction in the management of electrical and electronic waste products (e-waste), as there are no regulations on ways to do so. This research attempts to understand the trade-off between economic value and environmental effects of the current disposal of e-waste to find ways to optimize waste management, focusing on cellphones, television CRTs, desktop computers, and air conditioners. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a tool that can analyze various influences, e.g., environmental, costs, and value added. Under the e-waste management status quo, most household e-wastes are kept in houses because owners do not know where to discard them. In addition, informal sectors, such as domestic farmers or workers, have been involved actively for more than a decade, leading to poor management standards for both health and the environment. The logistics are inefficient because the dismantling communities and recycling industry are far apart. Most e-waste is generated, and most recycling industries are located, in the Central region (the richest areas), while the dismantling communities are located in the Northeastern region (the poorest areas). Further, LCA and LCC of e-waste are sensitive to transportation, and not all e-waste parts can be recycled within the country. High-tech mineral extraction cannot be practiced in the country, and thus, circuit boards and batteries are exported for recycling. To promote a circular economy, e-waste management regulations should be implemented and a full recycling industry should be established in the country.
Red blood cell distribution width as a biomarker of chronic heart failure severity in elderly patients
Authors: Gaisenok O. V. , Leonova M. V. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Chronic heart failure (CHF) is recognized as one of the most severe cardiovascular diseases with a high mortality rate. Early identification of patients at risk of poor outcomes is critical to optimize treatment.Aim: to conduct comparative analysis of laboratory markers, including the erythrocyte heterogeneity index (RDW) in CHF patients of different functional classes (f.cl.) according to ICD-10 codes.Materials and methods. A retrospective cross-sectional study with an analysis of the electronic laboratory register (JanuaryDecember 2016). 8056 patients who underwent a clinical blood test and added CRP parameters were included. The determination of the patient’s belonging to CHF wascarried out according to the ICD-10 code indicated in the direction for analysis. Identification of CHF patients by f.cl. (NYHA) was carried out according to the ICD-10 codes: code I25.2 (Postponed myocardial infarction) – 1 f. cl.; code I11.0 (Hypertensive disease with predominant heart damage with heart failure) – 2–3 f.cl .; code I50.0 (Congestive heart failure) – 4 f.cl.Results. The proportion of patients with diseases of the circulatory system (code I) was 33.4% (n = 2686), of which 403 CHF patients were selected for the study. Distribution by f.cl. according to the code MKB-10: 1 ph.cl. – 0.83% (n = 67); 2–3 f.c. – 3.84% (n = 309); 4 ph.cl. – 0.33% (n = 27). Significant intergroup differences were obtained between ph.cl. (according to Kruskal–Wallis) for indicators: hemoglobin (H = 9.741111, p = 0.0077), erythrocytes (H = 7.176770, p = 0.0276), RDW indicator (H = 34.78287, p = 0.0000). There were no statistically significant differences in leukocytes, platelets, ESR, CRP.Conclusions. The presence of anemia in groups of patients with CHF of different f.cl., which often accompanies the disease, has not been confirmed. But statistically significant differences were revealed depending on the severity of f.cl. CHF according to the level of hemoglobin, the number of erythrocytes, and highly significant - according to the RDW indicator. The latter allows us to discuss the role of the RDW index as a possible new laboratory biomarker of CHF severity available for routine clinical practice.
Understanding the operational problems and fouling characterization of RO membrane used for brackish water treatment via membrane autopsy
Authors: Balcik Cigdem 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
An autopsy of spiral wound reverse osmosis (RO) membrane operated in brackish water treatment was conducted to understand the origin and extent of foulants and fouling mechanisms. Structural and chemical characterization was determined by visual inspection and instrumental analysis such as scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was observed that the membrane surfaces were completely covered with a gray/brown pollutant layer in all membrane sheets. SEM images proved accumulation of mineral pollutants on membrane surface. Also, high levels of Al and Si, which were attributed to aluminum silicates originating from feed water, were determined on membrane surfaces. Additionally, the XRD analysis results showed that the foulant sample collected from membrane surfaces included halloysite, SiO2 and LiCl components. Fujiwara's result proved that no damage occurred on the membrane surface due to oxidation. Consequently, a fouling control strategy for RO-based brackish water treatment plants was also recommended to increase the membrane life.
Increased VEGF-A Expression of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (hDPSCs) Cultured with Advanced Platelet Rich Fibrin (A-PRF)
Authors: Bagio Dini Asrianti , Julianto Indah , Margono Anggraini , Suprastiwi Endang 
Published: October 2021

Background:
VEGF-A expression of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) can induce the angiogenesis process of dental pulp regeneration. This in vitro study aimed to analyze the effect of various concentrations of Advanced Platelet Rich Fibrin (A-PRF) conditioned media (CM) on the increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) of hDPSCs.

Methods:
hDPSCs were collected from ten third molars extracted from nine healthy donors, cultured, and then harvested at the end of the third passage. The hDPSCs were seeded in four different CM (control group: hDPSCs + DMEM; 1% A-PRF CM group: hDPSCs + 1% A-PRF CM; 5% A-PRF CM group: hDPSCs + 5% A-PRF CM; 10% A-PRF CM group: hDPSCs + 10% A-PRF CM). All of the groups were cultured in biological triplicates (Triplo) and observed for 5, 12, and 24 hours. The VEGF-A protein expression of hDPSCs was measured using human VEGF-A ELISA at a wavelength of 405 nm. Data was analyzed with Kruskal Wallis and post hoc Mann Whitney test with p<0.05.

Results:
The VEGF-A expression rate of hDPSCs among all groups was statistically significantly different at 5, 12 and 24 hours of observations (p<0.05). Post hoc analysis test showed a statistically significant difference of hDPSCs’s VEGF-A expression between 5% A-PRF groups compared to other groups at 5 and 12 hours of observation (p<0.05). However, there were no statistically significant differences observed of hDPSCs’ VEGF-A expression at 24 hours of observation between 1%, 5% and 10% A-PRF groups (p>0.05).

Conclusion:
5% A-PRF CM was superior in increasing VEGF-A expression of hDPSCs at 5, 12 and 24 hours of observations.
COVID-19 Prevalence and Outcomes among Individuals with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Taking Hydroxychloroquine; A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Mollaeian Arash , Kim Daniel S. , Haas Christopher J. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction:
The SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic has resulted in a universal search for potential treatments of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Initial reports of the therapeutic potential of chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and early non-randomized non-controlled studies were followed by subsequent trials refuting such properties. The use of CQ and HCQ in diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), prompted us to examine the prevalence of COVID-19 and proposed prophylactic and therapeutic properties of HCQ in this population.

Methods:
A total of 103 patients with RA and SLE aged 18 to 75 diagnosed with COVID-19 were identified. The patients were categorized as those taking HCQ (cases) and those not on HCQ (controls) for at least 6 months. Primary (mechanical ventilation, length of stay, death) and secondary outcomes were defined, data were collected, and results were compared and statistically analyzed between cases and controls.

Results:
No statistical difference was observed in demographic features, baseline comorbidities, and medications. Primary outcomes’ statistical analysis did not reveal any differences between cases and controls. Statistical analysis of secondary outcomes revealed that cases had a statistically higher chance of being tachypneic (p 0.034). D-Dimer (p 0.017) and LDH levels (p 0.044) were found to be significantly lower in cases versus controls.

Conclusion:
This study highlights the lack of clinical prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of HCQ against COVID-19 when taken at regular doses for patients with RA and SLE. It also shows that the prevalence of COVID-19 was similar in RA and SLE patients regardless of baseline consumption of HCQ.
Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Ubi Jalar Ungu sebagai Inhibitor Angiotensin Converting Enzyme pada Tikus Hipertensi
Authors: Rahmawati Irma Sarita , Soetjipto Soetjipto , Catur Adi Annis , Aulanniâ€™am Aulanniâ€™am , Rizky Maulidiana Annisa 
Published: October 2021

ThereÂ isÂ anÂ increasingÂ amountÂ ofÂ evidenceÂ thatÂ oxidativeÂ stressÂ relatedÂ toÂ hypertension can damage the function of diverse structures such as the aortaÂ and kidney. It is a well-established fact that chlorogenic acid and anthocyaninÂ foundÂ inÂ purpleÂ sweetÂ potatoÂ generatesÂ bioactiveÂ compoundÂ withÂ antihypertensive and anti-ACE activities in RAA system. The present studyÂ sought to investigate anti-ACE activities in RAA system of extract ethanol ofÂ purple sweet potato (EP) in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCAâ€“salt)â€“inducedÂ hypertensive rats (Rattus norvegicus). The rats were orally administrated aÂ 95% ethanol extract of purple sweet potato (var. ayamurasaki) (EP) in a dailyÂ dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight also chlorogenic acid (CA) of 700Â mg/kg bw for 4 weeks. Activity of renin, ACE, and Ang II concentration wereÂ assessed.Â InhibitingÂ activityÂ ofÂ renin,Â ACE,Â andÂ decreasingÂ AngÂ IIÂ concentrationÂ after treatment wasÂ observed inÂ theÂ DOCA-saltÂ hypertensiveÂ ratsÂ compared toÂ normotensiveÂ groupÂ rats;Â (P<0.05).Â ThisÂ isÂ theÂ firstÂ reportÂ thatÂ demonstratesÂ theÂ lowering of blood pressure and anti-ACE in RAA-system effects of an ethanolÂ extract of purple sweet potato, containing chlorogenic acid, in a DOCAâ€“saltÂ modelÂ ofÂ hypertension.
The Use of a Formative Pedagogy Lens to Enhance and Maintain Virtual Supervisory Relationships: Appreciative Inquiry and Critical Review
Authors: Jordan Chloe Louanne , Sathaananthan Thillainathan , Celi Leo Anthony , Jones Linda , Alagha M Abdulhadi 
Published: October 2021

Background
Virtual supervisory relationships provide an infrastructure for flexible learning, global accessibility, and outreach, connecting individuals worldwide. The surge in web-based educational activities in recent years provides an opportunity to understand the attributes of an effective supervisor-student or mentor-student relationship.

Objective
The aim of this study is to compare the published literature (through a critical review) with our collective experiences (using small-scale appreciative inquiry [AI]) in an effort to structure and identify the dilemmas and opportunities for virtual supervisory and mentoring relationships, both in terms of stakeholder attributes and skills as well as providing instructional recommendations to enhance virtual learning.

Methods
A critical review of the literature was conducted followed by an AI of reflections by the authors. The AI questions were derived from the 4D AI framework.

Results
Despite the multitude of differences between face-to-face and web-based supervision and mentoring, four key dilemmas seem to influence the experiences of stakeholders involved in virtual learning: informal discourses and approachability of mentors; effective virtual communication strategies; authenticity, trust, and work ethics; and sense of self and cultural considerations.

Conclusions
Virtual mentorship or supervision can be as equally rewarding as an in-person relationship. However, its successful implementation requires active acknowledgment of learners’ needs and careful consideration to develop effective and mutually beneficial student-educator relationships.
IMPLEMENTASI ASEAN TOURISM STRATEGIC PLAN (ATSP) DALAM KEBIJAKAN PARIWISATA BAHARI INDONESIA
Authors: Moenir Haiyyu Darman , Halim Abdul 
Published: October 2021

<span lang="EN-US">Indonesia adalah negara maritim terbesar di dunia. Hampir 2/3 dari total wilayah adalah laut. Kondisi ini harus dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pengembangan kapasitas Indonesia baik dalam tatanan regional maupun internasional dalam semua aspek yang menekankan pada kondisi geografis Indonesia. Pariwisata adalah salah satu sektor penting pemerintah Indonesia di bawah kepemimpinan Presiden Joko Widodo - Jusuf Kalla. Melalui NAWACITA, Pemerintah memasukkan pariwisata sebagai salah satu sektor yang digunakan dalam pengembangan kapasitas Indonesia. Wisata bahari telah menjadi salah satu elemen dalam kerangka kebijakan pengembangan pariwisata dalam konteks NAWACITA. Artikel ini akan melihat bagaimana implementasi Rencana Strategis Pariwisata ASEAN (ATSP) dalam Kebijakan Indonesia</span><span> terkait pariwisata bahari . Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan implementasi kerangka kebijakan regional yang kemudian diturunkan dalam bentuk kebijakan negara. Temuan yang dicapai dalam artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa indonesia masih belum memaksimalkan wisata bahari yang berpotensi besar dalam sektor pariwisata indonesia dengan berangkat dari temuan terkait kebijakan yang dilakukan dalam pengimplementasian ATSP terkait wisata bahari. </span>
A review of changes in the Russian legislation in the field of construction and real estate management in the first half of 2021
Authors: Tkachenko Vladimir 
Published: October 2021

The review encompasses changes in Russian legislation in the field of construction, real estate, housing and utilities management.
The review addresses the legal and regulatory framework of the shared equity construction legislation and guaranteed rights and legitimate interests of citizens participating in the shared equity construction; reusable project documentation, standard project documentation, the availability of technical specifications needed for the architectural and construction design, connections to engineering networks; the calculation of amounts payable by citizens and organizations for the maintenance of residential premises in apartment buildings in Moscow, the city of federal significance; the protection of rights and legitimate interests of owners of residential buildings in respect of the calculated amounts of utility payments, as well as the improvement of relations in respect of the operation and modernization of the state information system of housing and utility services, protection of state information resources; a decision making procedure as part of the legal framework for the remote participation in meetings of members of civil communities, etc.