bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Geochemical Trends and Pollution Assessment of Bottom Sediments in the São Francisco Hydrographic Basin, Brazil: The Três Marias Reservoir
Authors: Lima Gustavo Filemon Costa , Bento Ciro Couto , Horn Adolf Heinrich , Marques Eduardo Duarte , Filho Hernando Baggio 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The Três Marias Reservoir is the ninth-largest reservoir in Brazil, becoming crucial for national strategic development. However, many anthropic activities may affect the sediment quality, promoting the need for a proper environmental assessment. This research appraised the seasonal influences on the Três Marias Reservoir's sediments geochemistry, elucidating possible anthropogenic impacts. The concentrations of Mg, Al, Ca, Cr, Fe, Co, Cu, Cd, Ti, Mn, Ni, Zn, Ba, Pb, and Organic matter were measured in 78 samples of bottom sediments regarding the two seasons of the area, a dry winter and rainy summer. The Median ± 2 MAD (Median Absolute Deviation) settled the geochemical background for the two seasons. The sediment quality guidelines CONAMA 344/12 highlight the possible adverse ecological effects of pollutants. Hierarchical Clustering Analysis, Geoaccumulation index, and the Pollution Load Index delineated the polluted zones. The Pollution Load Index ranges from 0.25 to 2.28 in the dry season and 0.56 to 2.11 in the rainy season, defining three affected zones in the reservoir. Forestry and agriculture are the probable pollution sources, reaching warning levels that should be considered in further environmental strategies.
Effects of Interlayer Spacing and Oxidation Degree of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets on Water Permeation: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: tan qiong , Fan Yan , Song Zailing , Chen Junlang , Chen Liang 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) membranes have shown great potential in the applications of water filtration and desalination. The flow behavior and structural properties of water molecules through GO nanochannels are still under debate. In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were performed to explore the effects of interlayer spacing and oxidation degree of GO nanochannels on water transport. The results show that GO nanosheets has strong adsorption capacity. The adsorbed layer of water molecules on GO surface is thermodynamically stable and not easy to flow. When the interlayer spacing falls into the range of 0.6~1.0 nm, water molecules form into single or double adsorbed layers between two GO nanosheets. When the interlayer spacing is bigger than 1.2 nm, the other water layers in the middle of nanochannel become disordered. Taking the separation performance based on size exclusion into consideration, the most suitable interlayer spacing for water nanofiltration is 1.2 nm, which has one flowing layer of water molecules. Oxygen-containing groups are unfavorable for water permeation, as more and more hydrogen bonds prevent water flowing on GO surface with the increasing oxidation degree. Our simulation results may help to improve the design of GO nanofiltration membranes for water treatment.
Genome-wide association analysis reveal the genetic reasons affect melanin spot accumulation in beak skin of ducks
Authors: Liu Hehe , Wang Jianmei , Hu Jian , Wang Lei , Guo Zhanbao , Fan Wenlei , Xu Yaxi , Liu Dapeng , Zhang Yunsheng , Xie Ming , Tang Jing , Huang Wei , Zhang Qi , Zhou Zhengkui , Hou Shuisheng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Skin pigmentation is a broadly appearing phenomenon of most animals and humans in nature. Here we used a bird model to investigate why melanin spot deposits on the skin.
Results
We result shown that melanin deposition in bird skin was induced by growth age and ultraviolet UV radiation and determined by genetic factors. GWAS helped us to identify two major loci affecting melanin deposition, located on chromosomes 13 and 25, respectively. Fine mapping works narrowed the candidate regions to 0.98 Mb and 1.0 Mb on chromosome 13 and 25, respectively. The MITF and POU2F3 may be the causative genes and synergistically affect melanin deposition during duck skin. Furthermore, our data strongly demonstrated that the pathway of melanin metabolism contributes to melanin deposition on the skin.
Conclusions
We demonstrated that age and UV radiation induce melanin deposition in bird skin, while heredity is the fundamental factor. The MITF and POU2F3 likely played a synergistic effect on the regulation of melanin synthesis, and their mutations contribute to phenotypic differences in beak melanin deposition among individuals. It is pointed out that melanin deposition in the skin is related to the pathway of melanin metabolism, which provided insights into the molecular regulatory mechanisms and the genetic improvement of the melanin deposition in duck beak.
Using Unique ORFan Genes as Strain-specific Identifiers for Escherichia Coli
Authors: Ferrandis-Vila Marta , Tiwari Sumeet K. , Mamerow Svenja , Semmler Torsten , Menge Christian , Berens Christian 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundBacterial identification at the strain level is a much-needed, but arduous and challenging task. This study aimed to develop a method for identifying and differentiating individual strains among multiple strains of the same bacterial species. The set used for testing the method consisted of 17 Escherichia coli strains picked from a collection of strains isolated in Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom and Vietnam from humans, cattle, swine, wild boars, and chickens. We targeted unique or rare ORFan genes to address the problem of selective and specific strain identification. These ORFan genes, exclusive to each strain, served as templates for developing strain-specific primers.ResultsMost of the strains to be deployed experimentally (14 out of 17) possessed unique ORFan genes that were used to develop strain-specific primers. The remaining three strains were identified by combining a PCR for a rare gene with a selection step for isolating the experimental strains. Multiplex PCR allowed the successful identification of the strains both in vitro in spiked faecal material in addition to in vivo after experimental infections of pigs and recovery of bacteria from faecal material. In addition, primers for qPCR were also developed and quantitative readout from faecal samples after experimental infection was also possible.ConclusionsThe method described in this manuscript using strain-specific unique genes to identify single strains in a mixture of strains proved itself efficient and reliable in detecting and following individual strains both in vitro and in vivo, representing a fast and inexpensive alternative to more costly methods.
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles produced by Phormidium ambiguum and Desertifilum tharense
Authors: Hanna Amira Lotfy , Hamouda Hayam , Goda Hanan , Elsayed Tarek , Sadik Mahmoud 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The world faces a challenge with pervasion of multidrug resistant bacteria which encouraged the scientists to develop and discover alternative ecofriendly and easy to produce new antibacterial agents. Two Egyptian cyanobacteria were isolated and identified according to 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Phormidium ambiguum and Desertifilum tharense . The sequences were deposited in the GenBank with accession numbers of MW762709 and MW762710 for Desertifilum tharense and Phormidium ambiguum, respectively. These isolates have the ability to produce silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) extra- and intracellularly under light and dark conditions. The results of UV-Vis analysis showed promising extracellular Ag-NPs synthesis by Desertifilum tharense and Phormidium ambiguum under light conditions. Therefore, these Ag-NPs were characterized and evaluated for antibacterial and antioxidant activity. TEM, SEM and XRD analyses revealed the spherical crystals with face-centered cubic structures and size range of 6.24–11.4 nm and 6.46–12.2 nm for Ag-NPs of Desertifilum tharense and Phormidium ambiguum , respectively. XRD and EDX results clearly confirmed the successful synthesis of Ag-NPs in its oxide form or chloride form. The FTIR spectrum data confirmed the presence of hydroxyl and amide groups. Desertifilum tharense Ag-NPs displayed the largest inhibition zone ranged from 9 mm against Micrococcus luteus ATCC 10240 to 25 mm against methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) ATCC 43300. For Phormidium ambiguum Ag-NPs, the inhibition zone diameter was in a range of 9–18 mm. The Ag-NPs of Phormidium ambiguum exhibited the highest scavenging activity of 48.7% comparing with that of Desertifilum tharense which displayed 43.753%.
Axillary Ultrasound and Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology to Predict Clinically Relevant Nodal Burden in Breast Cancer Patients .
Authors: Carlotti Isabela , Reis Francisco José Candido dos , de Andrade Jurandyr Moreira , Rodrigues Tamara , Borba Jessica , Netto Amanda Homse , Polydoro Marina , Tiezzi Daniel Guimarães 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAxillary lymph node involvement is one important prognostic factor in breast cancer, but the way to access this information has modified over the years.This study evaluated if axillary ultrasound (US) coupled with fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can better predict clinically relevant node metastasis than physical exam, in patients with breast cancer.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection of 241 women with operable breast cancer who were submitted to preoperative axillary assessment by physical exam, US and FNAC if suspicious nodes by imaging. We calculated sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the methods. We compared the patient's characteristics using chi-square test, parametrics and non parametrics statistics according to the variable.ResultsThe most sensible method was US (0.59; 95% CI, 0.50-0.69) and the most specific was US coupled with FNAC (0.97; 95% CI, 0.92-0.99 ). Only 2,7% of the patients with normal axillary US had more than 2 metastatic nodes in the axillary lymph node dissection, against 50% of the patients with suspicious lymph nodes in the US and positive FNAC. ConclusionsWe found that axillary US and FNAC are more accurate than physical examination in detecting node metastasis in breast cancer patients. Moreover, axillary US coupled with FNAC can sort patients that have a few metastatic nodes at most from those with heavy axillary burden and could be one more tool to initially evaluate patients and define treatment´s strategies.
Dimethyl Fumarate Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-induced Acute Lung Injury by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome-mediated Pyroptosis
Authors: Li Huayu , Li Mengyan , Dong Chao , Liu Bing 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are clinically severe respiratory disorders, and there are currently no Food and Drug Administration-approved drug therapies. It is established that Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) exhibits anti inflammatory effects, however, the specific effect of DMF on ALI remains largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether, and by which mechanism, DMF alleviated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. We found that intraperitoneal injection of DMF markedly reduced the pulmonary injury, decreased pulmonary edema and pulmonary permeability. Emerging studies suggested that the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis played a critical role during ALI. NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis is significantly activated with the cleavage of caspase-1 and GSDMD occurring in the lung of LPS-induced ALI. DMF inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis in both lung of ALI mice and LPS-induced BEAS-2B cells. Mechanistically, DMF enhanced expressions of Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), leading to inactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome and reduction of pyroptosis in both ALI mice and LPS-induced BEAS-2B cells. Conversely, Nrf2 inhibitor reduced the inhibitory effects of DMF on NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis, and consequently blocked the improvement roles of DMF on ALI in mice. This study for the first time demonstrated that DMF could improve LPS-induced ALI via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis, and that these effects were mediated by triggering Nrf2 expression, suggesting a therapeutic potential of DMF as an anti-inflammatory agent for ALI/ARDS treatment.
Acute Periprosthetic Infection After Total Knee Arthroplasty in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Versus Osteoarthritis: a Population-based Study
Authors: Chung Ho-Ken , Wen Shu-Hui , Chang Wei-Chuan , Liu Kuan-Lin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Osteoarthritis is the main cause for total knee arthroplasty, followed by rheumatoid arthritis. Previous studies have reported conflicting results concerning the risk of periprosthetic infection after total knee arthroplasty for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients. Thus, this study aimed to examine whether rheumatoid arthritis patients had a higher risk of acute periprosthetic infection after total knee arthroplasty compared to osteoarthritis patients. We conducted a retrospective cohort study using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database of the whole population from 2012 to 2015, and collected the medical records of osteoarthritis patients or rheumatoid arthritis patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty. To evaluate the risk of acute periprosthetic infection in rheumatoid arthritis patients, propensity score matching was implemented for osteoarthritis patients. Acute periprosthetic infection was observed in 2.58% of total knee arthroplasty cases in rheumatoid arthritis patients and 2.66% of total knee arthroplasty cases in osteoarthritis patients. Rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients had comparable risk for 90-day and one-year periprosthetic infection. In conclusion, patients with rheumatoid arthritis were not at higher risk of acute periprosthetic infection after total knee arthroplasty compared to osteoarthritis patients. The current treatment strategy for patients with rheumatoid arthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty is safe and appropriate.
Circular Economy Strategy and Waste Management: A Bibliometric Analysis in Its Contribution To Sustainable Development, Towards A Post COVID-19 Era
Authors: Negrete-Cardoso Mariana , Rosano-Ortega Genoveva , Álvarez-Aros Erick Leobardo , Tavera-Cortés María Elena , Vega-Lebrún Carlos Arturo , Sánchez-Ruíz Francisco Javier 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
A descriptive analysis of 416 documents was performed using bibliometric techniques, in order to gather existing knowledge in circular economy (CE) focusing on waste management (2007–2020). The results of this study indicate that annual scientific production increased 94% in the last five years; highlighting the countries of Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, China, Brazil and India. The conceptual analysis indicates strong linkage between CE and sustainable production, waste management and recycling. Emerging research trends evolved from processes and industry oriented approach (2017), towards waste management, recycling and circular economy (2019) and sustainable development and urban solid waste (2020). Through intellectual analysis, schools of thought were identified, where the most influential authors such as Wang, Ghisellini, Zhang and the European Commission with the greatest connection with other authors stand out. Results found denote the challenge represented by the implementation of comprehensive policies in CE, in addition to measure its contribution to sustainable development. The above, being a key alternative for green recovery in response to current COVID-19 pandemic.
Significant Improvement of Straw Lignocellulose Degradation Rate by Subordination Consortium Composed of Cellulomonas ZJW-6 and Acinetobacter DA-25
Authors: Guan Yunpeng , Zhu Hongyu , Zhu Yuan , Shu Longhua , Zhao Hemei , Song Jian , Yang Xue , Wu Zhihai , Wu Lei , Yang Meiying 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe effective utilization of lignocellulose is essential for achieving circular economy and sustainable agricultural development. The screening of lignocellulose-degrading strains from the environment and artificial establishment of microbial consortia can achieve better degradation effects. In this paper, microbial consortium 625 was established and screened based on high lignocellulose degradation ability but low β-glucosidase activity of Cellulomonas ZJW-6 to complement enzyme activity and enhance lignocellulose degradation by exerting the subordination effect. This research provides an effective strategy for artificially establishing microbial consortia, improving lignocellulose degradation efficiency, and enhancing bioenergy production.ResultsIn order to establish high-efficiency microbial consortia, Cellulomonas ZJW-6 with low β-glucosidase activity was combined in pairs with 14 strains with high β-glucosidase activity according to the enzyme activity complementation principle, from which microbial consortium 625 composed of strains ZJW-6 and DA-25 was screened, which had significantly enhanced lignocellulose degradation rate compared with purely cultured ZJW-6 strain and other 13 combinations. The single factor test showed that consortium 625 had better pH and temperature tolerance. The lignocellulose degradation rate of this consortium was 57.62% after verification test under optimized conditions using response surface method. The induction test showed that the growth of strain DA-25 was inhibited by strain ZJW-6 and its filtrate, while strain DA-25 and its filtrate promoted the growth of strain ZJW-6 and significantly enhanced the activities of key enzymes in the consortium 625 lignocellulose degrading system, among which the β-Glucosidase activity was significantly higher than that in purely cultured ZJW-6 strain. ConclusionMicrobial consortium 625, composed of Cellulomonas ZJW-6 (dominant strain) and Acinetobacter DA-25, with high lignocellulose degradation efficiency, was screened according to the enzyme activity complementation principle. Interestingly, microbial consortium 625 exhibited complementation in enzyme activities of its two strains, improvement in its tolerance to temperature and pH, and the same effect of DA-25 filtrate as strain DA-25. Based on the previous studies on Acinetobacter, we speculate that a certain compound adverse to the growth of strain DA-25 may be produced during lignocellulose degradation by strain ZJW-6, while secretions of strain DA-25 inhibit this compound leading to an increase in the growth and enzyme activity of strain ZJW-6.
Thermodynamic Simulation Modeling Analysis and Experimental Research of Vertical Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted EDM
Authors: Dong Yinghuai , Liu Jiajun , Li Guangyan , Wang Yan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Compared with traditional EDM, ultrasonic vibration assisted EDM ((UEDM)) shows better performance in machining efficiency and surface quality. But the material removal process of UEDM is complex, and there are many influencing factors, so it is difficult to describe the material removal process accurately. In this study, based on the voltage variation during UEDM processing and combined with the heat transfer theory, the material removal model of TC4 titanium alloy under the condition of single pulse vertical ultrasonic vibration UEDM was established, and the material removal process of UEDM under different amplitudes was analyzed. The machining efficiency and surface quality of UEDM with different ultrasonic energy under the condition of vertical ultrasonic vibration are obtained verified by UEDM experiments. The best ultrasonic energy under different current can be obtained by adjusting the current and ultrasonic vibration energy, which can improve the efficiency of UEDM.
Security and Communication Distance Improvement in Decoy States Based Quantum Key Distribution Using Pseudo-Random Bases Choice for Photon Polarization Measurement
Authors: TCHOFFO Martin , TENE Alain Giresse 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes a new quantum key distribution(QKD) protocol, namely the pseudo-random bases entangled photon based QKD (PRB-EPQKD) protocol. The latest mainly focuses on three properties, including the security of the protocol, the secure key size and the maximum communication distance between legitimate communication users (Alice and Bob). To achieve this, we first consider a spontaneous-parametric-down (SPDC) photon source located in a low-earth-orbit (LEO) type satellite capable of producing and distributing entangled photons pairs to Alice and Bob. Secondly, we assume that Alice's and Bob's photons state measurement bases are identically generated via a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG), namely the quantum logistic map (QLM). Finally, we also assume that in addition to their photons states, Alice and Bob intentionally share a set of decoy states at each pulse with randomly selected intensity, and with the goal to detect the presence of the eavesdropper (Eve). Under these considerations, the secure key rate upper bound is evaluated applying the Gottesman-Lo-Lutkenhaus-Preskill's (GLLP) formula, for two different implementations, namely the non-decoy states and the infinite active decoy states based QKD. It is observed a significant improvement in the secure key size and the communication distance as well, compared to existing protocols, since we realize that under daylight, downlinks satellite conditions, a kindly selected light source, and good crystal's properties, the maximum communication distance can reach up to 70000 km. In addition, using the combined type-I and type-II SPDC photons source as our entangled photons pairs generator, significantly improved the photon mean number and render our protocol more robust against photon number division attack and against attenuation-induced atmospheric propagation. Furthermore, the protocol is more secure as compared to existing ones, given that any eavesdropper must crack simultaneously the chaotic system used as PRNG and the QKD system, before getting any useful information as regards to the measurement bases used by Alice and Bob, and thus the secure key.
Surface Roughness Prediction Method of Titanium Alloy Milling based on CDH Platform
Authors: Xianli Liu , Yanming Sun , Caixu Yue , Xudong Wei , Qingzhen Sun , Y.Liang Steven , Lihui Wang , Yiyuan Qin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Generally, off-line methods are used for surface roughness prediction of titanium alloy milling. However, studies show that these methods have poor prediction accuracy. In order to resolve this shortcoming, a prediction method based on Cloudera's Distribution Including Apache Hadoop (CDH) platform is proposed in the present study. In this regard, data analysis and process platform is designed based on the CDH, which can upload, calculate and store data in real-time. Then this platform is combined with the Harris hawk optimization (HHO) algorithm and pattern search strategy, and an improved hybrid optimization (IHHO) method is proposed accordingly. Then this method is applied to optimize the SVM algorithm and predict the surface roughness in the CDH platform. The obtained results show that the prediction accuracy of IHHO method reaches 95%, which is higher than the conventional methods of SVM, BAT-SVM, GWO-SVM and WOA-SVM.