bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interannual and seasonal variations of sand-dust events in Tarim Basin, China
Authors: Jin Lili , He Qing , Li Zhenjie , Deng Mingzai , Abbas Alim 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Dust events frequently occur in Tarim Basin (TB), China. However, research is scarce on the variation characteristics of sand–dust, floating dust, sand blowing, and sandstorms in the mountains, oases, and deserts in TB. Therefore, we conducted in–depth studies on the distributions and variations of dust events in TB. The results indicate that dust events tend to increase from south to north. The yearly sand–dust event occurrence rate trend is deserts > oases > mountainous regions. In spring, sand–dust, floating dust, sand blowing, and sandstorm days account for 35.9 %, 36.0 %, 38.5 %, and 47.1 % of the whole year, while in summer they account for 33.6 %, 33.5 %, 43.8 %, and 60.3 % of the whole year. From 1961 to 2015, most stations (annual average > 30 stations) showed a downward linear trend in sand dust, floating dust, sand blowing, and sandstorms in TB. All types of sand–dust events in mountains and oases decreased substantially after 1975 to 1978. In spring and summer, the downward dust trends are the most obvious, which the largest annual average downward linear trend rates of floating dust, sand blowing, and sandstorms are -0.33 d/yr (QM station), -0.21 d/yr (TGLK station), and -11 d/yr (KP station), respectively, in spring, and -0.28 d/yr (QM station), -0.17 d/yr (TGLK station), and -0.14 d/yr (KP station), respectively, in summer. It is found that the decreasing and increasing trends of floating dust are the most obvious during sand–dust events. There is a significant positive correlation between wind speed and relative humidity in mountains, and a significant positive correlation between wind speed in oases.
Gene Expression Analysis Reveals Novel Gene Prognostic Signatures Involved in Medulloblastoma Subgroups
Authors: Li Fangcheng , Yuan Hong-Yao , Chen Cheng , Pan Jun-Ping , Xu Xin-Ke , Lin Cui-Yu , Chen Wei , Li Yang , Lin Jin-Rong , Li Jun-Liang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
PurposeMedulloblastoma is a malignant childhood tumor with four molecular subtypes: WNT, SHH, G3, and G4. The prognosis of these four molecular subtypes is different. WNT has the best prognosis, followed by SHH, and G3 and G4 subtypes have the worst prognosis. This study aimed to identify various molecular subtypes of medulloblastoma can independently predict the prognosis of patients and provide specific treatment way for them.MethodsBased on the data in the GSE37418 dataset, the WGCNA method was used to find the genes most related to these molecular subtypes, and then the top ten hub genes in each subtype were found through the cytohubba plug-in of cytoscape. GO pathway enrichment of four interested modules was used, and then GSE85217 was used for clinical trials in single-factor Cox regression analysis .ResultsThe information was subjected to single-factor Cox regression analysis, and twelve hub genes with the most significant prognostic effects on medulloblastoma were found, and then these genes were subjected to multi-factor Cox regression analysis on each molecular subtype, and finally GNG3 was determined .The combination of CALCB and GCGR can predict the development of SHH well (p=0.0011, AUC=0.734), SOCS3 and HOXC10 can better predict the development of G4 (p=0.044, AUC=0.618), and the combination of ADCY8 and LHX3 can predict G3 Development (p=0.034, AUC=0.675).Conclusion﻿This report showed a possible evidence that OS-related features of various molecular subtypes of medulloblastoma can independently predict the prognosis of patients with each subtype of medulloblastoma, and provide new therapeutic targets for them.
Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24) Recalls for Parent Proxy-Reporting of Children’s Intake (&gt;4 Years Of Age): A Feasibility Study
Authors: Sharpe Isobel , Kirkpatrick Sharon , Smith Brendan T , Keown-Stoneman Charles D.G. , Omand Jessica , Vanderhout Shelley , Maguire Jonathon L. , Birken Catherine S. , Anderson Laura 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Robust measurement of dietary intake in population studies of children is critical to better understand the diet-health nexus. It is unknown whether parent proxy-report of children’s dietary intake through online 24-hour recalls is feasible in large cohort studies. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to describe the feasibility of the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour Dietary Assessment Tool (ASA24) to measure parent proxy-reported child dietary intake. A secondary objective was to compare intake estimates with those from national surveillance. Methods: Parents of children aged 4-15 years participating in the TARGet Kids! research network in Toronto, Canada were invited by email to complete an online ASA24-Canada-2016 recall for their child, with a subsample prompted to complete a second recall about two weeks later. Descriptive statistics were reported for ASA24 completion characteristics and intake of several nutrients. Comparisons were made to the 2015 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) 24-hour recall data. Results: A total of 163 parents completed the first recall and 46 completed the second, reflecting response rates of 35% and 59%, respectively. Seven (4%) first recalls and one (2%) second recall were excluded for ineligibility, missing data, or inadvertent parental self-report. The median number of foods reported on the first recall was 18.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 6.0) and median time to complete was 29.5 minutes (IQR 17.0). Nutrient intakes for energy, total fat, protein, carbohydrates, fiber, sodium, total sugars, and added sugars were similar across the two recalls and the CCHS. Conclusions: The ASA24 was found to be feasible for parent proxy-reporting of children’s intake and to yield intake estimates comparable to those from national surveillance, but strategies are needed to increase response rate and support completion to enhance generalizability.
Quantum Criticality in Twisted Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Authors: Pasupathy Abhay , Ghiotto Augusto , Shih En-Min , Pereira Giancarlo , Rhodes Daniel , Kim Bumho , Zang Jiawei , Millis Andrew , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Hone James , Wang Lei , Dean Cory 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In moiré heterostructures, gate-tunable insulating phases driven by electronic correlations have been recently discovered. Here, we use transport measurements to characterize the gate-driven metal-insulator transitions and the metallic phase in twisted WSe2 near half filling of the first moiré subband. We find that the metal-insulator transition as a function of both density and displacement field is continuous. At the metal-insulator boundary, the resistivity displays strange metal behaviour at low temperature with dissipation comparable to the Planckian limit. Further into the metallic phase, Fermi-liquid behaviour is recovered at low temperature which evolves into a quantum critical fan at intermediate temperatures before eventually reaching an anomalous saturated regime near room temperature. An analysis of the residual resistivity indicates the presence of strong quantum fluctuations in the insulating phase. These results establish twisted WSe2 as a new platform to study doping and bandwidth controlled metal-insulator quantum phase transitions on the triangular lattice.
Integrated Input-Output and Systems Analysis Modelling: The case of Tunisia. Part 2 - A systems model with IO multipliers
Authors: Howells Mark , Necibi Thameur , Laitner John Skip , Gardumi Francesco , Bock Franziska 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This work extends a simple open source energy systems model of the Tunisian electricity sector, used for research purposes. The extension includes addition of job creation multipliers from an Input-Output analysis. Test scenarios are then developed, to assess future emissions and job creation trajectories associated with the introduction of energy efficiency and renewable energy programs. The results indicate that increased economic efficiency associated with significant (but limited) injections of energy efficiency and renewable energy reduce gas imports, reduce emissions and increase local jobs. The analysis is cursory and initial. Its objective is to enhance open modelling that can be developed and co-created for deeper policy analysis.
SCOPE: Safer Care for Older Persons (in Residential) Environments: A Single Arm Pilot Study
Authors: Doupe Malcolm , Brunkert Thekla , Wagg Adrian , Ginsburg Liane , Norton Peter , Berta Whitney , Knopp-Sihota Jennifer , Eastabrooks Carole 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Nursing home residents require daily support. While care aides provide most of this support they are rarely empowered to lead quality improvement (QI) initiatives. A previous proof of principle study, called Safer Care for Older Persons in Residential Care Environments (SCOPE), demonstrated that care aide-led teams can successfully participate in QI interventions. In preparation for a large-scale study, this one-year pilot evaluated how well the bundle of SCOPE coaching strategies helped care-aide led teams to enact these interventions. A secondary aim was to determine if improvements in resident quality of care occurred. Methods: Using a modified IHI Breakthrough Collaborative Series model in a prospective single-arm study design, we randomly sampled 7 nursing homes in Winnipeg, Manitoba from the longitudinal Translating Research in Elder Care (TREC) cohort. Each SCOPE team had 5-7 front-line staff led by care aides. Teams received coaching to enact the intervention (i.e., to create actionable aim statements, implement QI interventions using plan-do-study-act [PDSA] cycles, use measurement to guide decision making) during three learning congresses, networked and shared learning experiences during these sessions, and received additional support from quality advisors between congresses. We used self-report data to code intervention enactment (‘poor’, ‘adequate’, ‘excellent’), and also measured improvement in team cohesion and communication. Secondarily, we observed changes in unit-level quality indicators using RAI-MDS 2.0 data.Results: Most teams successfully enacted SCOPE. Five of 7 teams created adequate-to-excellent aim statements throughout the pilot (e.g., statements were specific, measurable, time-bound). While 6 of 7 teams successfully implemented PDSAs, only 2 reported spreading their idea to involve more than a few residents and/or staff on their unit. Three of 7 teams explicitly stated how measurement was used to guide decisions. Team cohesion and communication scored high at baseline, and hence improved minimally. Resident quality indicators improved in 4 of the 7 nursing home units. Conclusions: Our bundled coaching strategies helped most care aide-led teams to enact SCOPE. Coaching modifications are needed in follow-up studies to help teams more effectively use measurement, and to spread successful interventions within the unit. More detailed and robust approaches are also needed to monitor treatment enactment.
Laterality and Plasticity of Bone Mineral Density in Vertebral Bodies of Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Makino Takahiro , Takenaka Shota , Sakai Yusuke , Kanie Yuya , KAITO TAKASHI 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundThe asymmetrical distribution of bone mineral density (BMD) in vertebral bodies in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) has been reported; however, it is still unknown whether BMD asymmetrical distribution can vary by the mechanical environment around each vertebral body. The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate changes in the asymmetrical distribution of BMD in each vertebral body up to 1 year after posterior spinal corrective fusion surgery (PSF) in patients with AIS.MethodsWe analyzed 75 vertebrae within the non-instrumented lumbar spines of 27 female AIS patients (median age, 16 years; interquartile range [IQR], 14–19 years) who underwent PSF. The BMDs of the vertebral bodies were calculated from 1-week and 1-year postoperative quantitative computed tomography scans and a laterality index (LI = BMD of right half of vertebral bodies / BMD of left half of vertebral bodies). The disc wedging angle was measured preoperatively and at 1 year postoperatively from plain radiographs, and the disc wedging angle index (DWAI) was calculated as the sum of the disc wedging angles of the upper and lower discs adjacent to each vertebra.ResultsThe median BMDs of both the right and left halves of each vertebral body significantly decreased from 1 week postoperatively to 1 year postoperatively (right, 228.3 mg/cm3 hydroxyapatite [IQR, 201.8–251.0 mg/cm3 hydroxyapatite] to 214.8 mg/cm3 hydroxyapatite [IQR, 186.9–241.0 mg/cm3 hydroxyapatite], P < 0.001; left, 229.6 mg/cm3 hydroxyapatite [IQR, 198.7–244.7 mg/cm3 hydroxyapatite] to 206.3 mg/cm3 hydroxyapatite [IQR, 188.0–231.9 mg/cm3 hydroxyapatite], P < 0.001). The preoperative median DWAI was 5.0 (IQR, −12.0–13.0) and the 1-week postoperative LI was 1.01 (IQR, 0.95–1.08); these measures were positively correlated (ρ = 0.827; P < 0.001). The median perioperative change in DWAI was −4 (IQR, −9–10) and the median postoperative change in LI was 0.01 (IQR, −0.02–0.03); these measures were also positively correlated (ρ = 0.741; P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe laterality of BMD in each vertebral body in AIS patients was a plastic phenomenon, was deemed a secondary change due to external loading, and was related to the amount of disc wedging.
Immunomodulatory effects of PI3Kδ inhibition in solid tumors – evaluation in a randomized phase II trial
Authors: Ottensmeier Christian , Eschweiler Simon , Suastegui Ciro Ramirez , King Emma , Chudley Lindsey , Thomas Jaya , Oliver Wood ,   Adrian von Witzleben2, Jeffrey Danielle , McCann Katy , Simon Hayley , Mondal Monalisa , Wang Alice , Lopez-Guadamillas Elena , Li Yingcong , Dobbs Nicola , Essame Louisa , Acton Gary , Kelly Fiona ,   Gavin Halbert8, Sacco Joseph , Schache Andrew , Shaw Richard , McCaul James , Paterson Claire , Davies Joseph , Brennan Peter , Singh Rabindra Rabindra P , Loadman Paul , Wilson William , Hackshaw Allan , Okkenhaug Klaus , Thomas Gareth , Jones Terry , Ay Ferhat , Friberg Greg , Vanhaesebroeck Bart , Vijayanand Pandurangan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ) plays a key role in lymphocytes and inhibitors targeting this PI3K have been approved for hematological malignancies. While studies in hematological and solid tumor models in mice have demonstrated that PI3Kδ inhibitors (PI3Kδi) can induce anti-tumor immunity, the impact of PI3Kδi on solid tumors in humans remains unclear. Here, we assessed the effects of the PI3Kδi AMG319 in patients with resectable head and neck cancer in a neoadjuvant, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised phase-II trial. We find that PI3Kδ inhibition decreases tumor-infiltrating immunosuppressive TREG cells and causes heightened cytotoxic potential of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. Loss of intratumoral TREG cells and an increase in the frequency of activated TREG cells in the blood post-treatment are indicative of systemic effects on TREG tissue retention and maintenance. At the tested AMG319 doses, immune-related adverse events caused treatment discontinuation in 12/21 of AMG319-treated patients, further suggestive of systemic effects on TREG cells. Consistent with this notion, in a murine syngeneic tumor model, PI3Kδi decreased TREG cells in both tumor and non-malignant tissues and affected TREG subtype composition, maintenance and functionality. Our data demonstrate the cancer-immunotherapy potential of PI3Kδ inhibition in humans, but its modulation will need to be carefully balanced to harness its anti-tumor capacity while minimizing immune related toxicity.
A mouse model of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval cytoreductive surgery indicates impaired efficacy of perioperative cisplatin
Authors: Clark Mitchell , Kollara Alexandra , Brown Theodore , May Taymaa 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Investigate the impact of interval cytoreductive surgery (ICS) on progression in an orthotopic mouse model of ovarian cancer and the impact of chemotherapy delivered at various timelines following surgery.
Methods
Luciferase-expressing ID8 murine ovarian cancer cells were implanted intra-bursally and IP to C57BL/7 mice. Once disease was established by bioluminescence, 2 cycles of neoadjuvant cisplatin were administered, and animals received either ICS (removal of the injected bursa/primary tumor) or anesthesia alone. Postsurgical chemotherapy was administered on the same day as the intervention (ICS/anesthesia), or on day 7 or day 28 following the intervention. Progression was quantified serially with in vivo bioluminescence imaging. Volume of ascitic fluid volume collected at necropsy was measured.
Results
Animals were matched for tumor burden at stratification. There was no accelerated growth of residual tumor after interval cytoreduction compared to controls. Animals who received chemotherapy on postoperative day (POD) 7 had better disease control compared to standard-of-care POD 28. Animals who underwent surgery had less ascites at necropsy compared to those who had anesthesia alone.
Conclusions
In this animal model, surgical wounding with suboptimal cytoreduction after neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not cause accelerated expansion of residual disease. Surgical wounding appears to impair cisplatin activity when given at time of surgery.
Investigations and improvement of Nickel Sulfide modified electrode material from single source precursor for energy storage application
Authors: Sambathkumar C. , Ranjithkumar R. , Arasi S. Ezhil , Manikandan A. , Nallamuthu N. , Kumar M. Krishna , Arivarasan A. , Devendran P. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
High-performance energy storage electrode materials are emerging demand in near future for the construction of supercapacitor with high energy and power densities. Herein, Nickel (II) Diethyldithiocarbamate was used as single source precursor for Nickel Sulfide (Ni9S8) two dimensional (2D) nanosheets preparation and hexadecylamine as shape directing agent via simple solvothermal method. The orthorhombic structure of Ni9S8 nanosheets was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images revealed that as-prepared Ni9S8 nanoparticles possess sheet-like morphology. Besides, the thermal stability of Ni(DTC)2 complex was studied by Thermo-gravimetric/Derivative thermo gravimetric(TG/DTG) with Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis. The electrochemical properties of Ni9S8 nanosheets was studied using galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) techniques. From the charge-discharge study of Ni9S8 nanosheets, a high specific capacitance of 281 Fg− 1 was obtained at a current density of 1 Ag− 1, and up to 82 % retentivity was achieved after 5000 cycles. Thus, the prepared Ni9S8 nanosheets could be one of the attractive potential active electrode materials for the application of supercapacitor.
Prevalence and intensity of intestinal schistosomiasis among the adult population, and water and sanitation conditions: a community-based cross-section study at Muleba District
Authors: Shabani Monica , Zacharia Abdallah , Mushi Vivian , Joseph Mary , Kinabo Clemence , Makene Twilumba 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

Intestinal schistosomiasis is one of the serious public health problems in all age groups and can lead to considerable morbidity and mortality especially to communities with an inadequate supply of safe water and sanitation services.
Objective

This study was conducted to establish the current burden of intestinal schistosomiasis among adults in the Muleba District and assessment of water and sanitation conditions that might influence the transmission of intestinal schistosomiasis.
Methods

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between July and August 2020. A total of 328 stool samples were collected and processed using formal-ether concentration and Kato-Katz methods. Water and sanitation data were collected using a questionnaire interview conducted among participants. Participants were randomly selected from four villages. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 23.
Results

Thirty six participants (11%) were infected with Schistosoma mansoni. The prevalence was higher among the residents of households using water from improved sources, houses without sanitation facilities, and participants who do not use sanitation facilities. We found a significantly increased risk of S. mansoni infection among participants in households without toilet facilities compared with those in households with VIP (OR = 4.10, p = 0.001).
Conclusion

The prevalence of intestinal schistosomiasis infection among the adult population in Muleba indicates a moderate risk of transmission. Type of toilet facility is a significant factor in the perpetuation of Schistosoma mansoni transmission.
Quality-of-life after cholecystectomy in Kazakhstan and Sweden: comparative study based on the GIQLI questionnaire.
Authors: Koishibayeva Leyla Meiramovna , Turgunov Yermek Meiramovich , Sandblom Gabriel , Koishibayev Zhandos Muratovich , Teleuov Murat Koishibayevich 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background

As severe morbidity rarely is the focus in gallstone surgery, health-related quality of life has evolved as the main outcome measure of the management of patients with gallstone disease. The lack of universally accepted guidelines on treatment of gallstone disease has also resulted in great regional differences in the preoperative evaluation and management of patients with gallstone disease.
Objective

The aim of this study was to compare quality-of-life following gallstone surgery in cohorts from Kazakhstan and Sweden.
Methods

A comparative study on quality-of-life (QoL) after cholecystectomy (CE) in two cohorts from Sweden and Kazakhstan using the Gastrointestinal Quality-of-Life Index (GIQLI) questionnaire. QoL measures of 259 patients in Kazakhstan and 448 patients in Sweden were compared taking into account surgical approach, mode of admission, and indication for surgery. Patients in both cohorts were requested to fill in the GIQLI questionnaire after surgery. Similar routines were applied to ensure high coverage in both countries.
Results

The mean overall GIQLI score was higher for patients undergoing cholecystectomy in Sweden than those in Kazakhstan (p < 0.01). The same was seen when stratifying for open or laparoscopic surgery (both p < 0.05), absence of presence of acute cholecystitis (both p < 0.05) and emergency admission (p < 0.05), but not in case of planned admission (p = 0.54).
Conclusions

There were large differences in perceived QoL, even when taking indication for surgery and approach into account. These differences in may be explained by differences in attitudes to health status and treatment expectations. Standardized routines for evaluating the outcome after surgery are needed.