bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning dilation through Lawang Sewu context
Authors: Nursyahidah F , Albab I U , Saputro B A 
Published: August 2021

AbstractGeometry understanding is a significant aspect of studying geometric transformation. Besides, geometry is the basis for most mathematical and other topics. However, geometry is nonetheless a challenging material for students, particularly the dilations of geometric transformation. This case may be due to a lack of activity requiring students to relate geometrical principles to their environment. Therefore, this study aims to establish a learning trajectory using theLawang Sewuhistorical building as the context to help students understand the idea of dilation. The learning approach used in this study was Realistic Mathematics Education, named PMRI in the Indonesian edition. The subject of the study is the ninth-grade students at one of the junior high school in Semarang, involving six students who were selected as diverse students. The methodology applied consists of three stages of design research: preliminary design, design experiment, and retrospective analysis. Additionally, this study reveals only the findings of the design experiment and the pilot experiment in particular. Students’ learning activities involve three activities, such as identifying the elements ofLawang Sewuthat represent dilations through interactive video, determining the result of dilations and scale factor, and solving problems of dilations. Studies have shown that using theLawang Sewuhistorical building context could assist students in improving their comprehending of the dilation concept. Furthermore, this study could be an inspiration to explore another local wisdom that can be a context in learning mathematical concept.
Analyzing students’ achievement and attitude through the Frankards context in learning probability
Authors: Fran F A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In learning abstract mathematical concepts such as probability, students’ critical thinking and problem-solving skills are enhanced. However, learning this concept through abstraction would be a great challenge to students who are struggling in mathematics. Hence, an instructional support would be a great help. This study analysed the effect of using Frankards, an instructional material manipulative in teaching probability, on students’ achievement and attitude. Specifically, it aimed to determine the students’ level of achievement, students’ level of attitude, towards mathematics and the relationship between achievement and attitude. Quasi-Experimental Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design and purposive sampling were used where respondents were grouped into two: experimental group (taught with Frankards) and control group (taught without Frankards). A multiple choice pretest and posttest were administered to both groups to determine the difference between students’ achievement. Guce and Talen’s Scale on Attitude Towards Mathematics (SATM) and a multiple-choice achievement test were utilized as research instruments. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control group in terms of achievement where students taught with Frankards outperformed the control group. It was also found that there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of attitude. Moreover, the relationship between achievement and attitude (in terms of student engagement and liking mathematics) was found. The utilization of Frankards is recommended in teaching probability.
Students’ higher-order thinking skills in discrete mathematics during covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Payadnya I P A A , Wibawa K A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Mathematics learning in the era of 4.0 must be oriented to the aspects of higher-order thinking skills that important for any mathematics subject including discrete mathematics. The online learning caused Covid-19 pandemic influence many aspects of mathematics learning and skills. The purpose of this study was to analyse students’ higher-order thinking skills in the discrete mathematics subject during COVID-19 Pandemic using Two-Tier Multiple Choice (TTMC) instrument. This research was conducted from March to May 2020. Subjects in this study were 11 students of class IIB of Mathematics Education Study Program Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar. This study used descriptive analysis techniques. Data collected through tests, interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the data analysis showed that the higher-order thinking skills percentage of students with very low categories of 18.18%, low 36.36% and moderate 45.45%. Online learning due to COVID-19 Pandemic also causes the difficulties for students to do group discussion as well as the decrease in student motivation. In contrast, students are more familiar with discrete mathematics concepts in their environment such as graph concepts and can use internet facilities in learning more effectively. Some solutions for the problems occurred are: 1) Using interactive learning, 2) Using Project-Based learning (PBL), 3) Discussing current trends in learning, 4) Demonstrating assertiveness, and establishing learning rules, and 5) Supporting students to get better internet facilities.
Students’ statistical literacy through lab school car model in STEM activity
Authors: Purwadi I M A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Indonesia’s education reformation had been focused on the mastering of 21st-century skills to increase global competitiveness and one of them is application of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education. Nowadays, many studies claimed that the implementation of STEM has a positive impact on the development of these skills, such as statistical literacy. However, the students’ statistical literacy in Indonesia still unsatisfied. Thus, this research was aimed at describing the implementation result of STEM activity by using the lab school car model for understanding the concept of data representation and interpretation namely statistical literacy. Students utilized used bottles to design the fastest and the most stable car. They experimented by operating their car then measured the time taken and the distance. After collecting the data, students displayed into statistical information, interpreted, and concluded. Students utilized technology for measuring and doing calculation as well as applying the concept of velocity, friction, and Newton’s laws to get the best design. This qualitative research conducted in one of Junior High School in Bali and also in Yogyakarta. It involved 51 students from both schools in the academic year 2019/2020. The data was collected by observation, documentation, in-depth interview, and practical test. The result indicates that the implementation of STEM leaning by using lab school car model can improve the students’ conceptual understanding of data representation and interpretation. In addition, it also improves the students’ creativity, motivation, problems solving ability, and communicate their understanding better.
The Effects of a professional development on teachers’ self-efficacy in promoting thinking and problem-solving skills
Authors: Tongchai A 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
People’s beliefs in their capabilities to complete tasks, achieve goals or produce desirable outcomes is known as self-efficacy. Teachers’ self-efficacy is crucial in terms of influencing their effective teaching and resulting in student achievement. This paper aimed to report the effects of a professional development program on teachers’ self-efficacy toward promoting student’s thinking and problem-solving skills. The training program aimed to support Science, Mathematics and Technology teachers. Ninety-five in-service teachers had participated in this training program. The participating teachers completed a Google form of the five-point Likert scale of the self-efficacy survey which mainly focused on teachers’ beliefs in their understanding of thinking and problem-solving and self-efficacy in teaching thinking and problem-solving. The survey was first given to the participating teachers at the beginning of the workshop. At the end of the training program, three months later, the participating teachers had to present teaching experiences. The survey was then given to the participating teachers to complete after they presented their teaching experiences. The data completed via google form were analyzed and reported. The results showed that teachers’ self-efficacy had significantly improved after attending the training program. However, teachers with different teaching experiences had differently improved their self-efficacy in teaching thinking and problem-solving. Interestingly, education degrees of teachers did not have an effect on efficacy in teaching student’s thinking and problem-solving. These findings suggested that professional development programs should be carefully designed in order to accommodate different participants.
Entering 21st century skills: teacher and junior high school student’s perspective about science learning media’ scope
Authors: Tapilouw M C , Dewi L , Hastuti S P 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
School systems and educators face challenges to prepare student with 21st Century Skill. Teachers that equipped with innovated teaching models, media and learning tools also play a crucial role in helping students fulfilled 21st century skills. The main purpose of this study is gathering student’s perspective in science learning media. This study is a descriptive research that was done in September – November 2019. The subject of this study are science teacher and Junior High School student (grade 7, 8 and 9) in private Junior High School in Salatiga. The result showed that most student know about learning media. For student, learning media help them to understand the science matter especially for some difficult matter such as classification of living things, human digestive system, and human skeletal and muscular system. Students need learning media as a whole package of science education. Visual and audio visual media are the form of learning media that still used in science learning. Specifically, student expect that multimedia can be used in some science matter.
Analogy Educational Comics to Overcome Students’ Misconception on Simple Electricity Circuit Material
Authors: Hesti R 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Distance learning during this pandemic makes students more often access the internet for learning purposes. The habit of copying and pasting sources from the internet without confirming the correctness of the information obtained causes misconceptions in students. In the analogy approach, there is a comparison between two concepts that can expand students’ thinking patterns. While comics contain explanations of the material outlined in the form of pictorial stories that will attract the attention of the readers. By applying an analogy approach in educational comics that is packaged in the concept of changing conceptions, it is hoped that it will direct analogical reasoning and activate deeper understanding so that it can form scientific conceptions in students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of educational comics by analogy in overcoming student misconceptions on simple electrical circuit material. The sample of this study was 30 students at one of the public Islamic junior high school in South Jakarta who were taken purposively. The research method used is a pre-experimental method and the design used is a one-shot case study. Students who were used as samples had identified misconceptions in the electrical circuit material using a Simple Electrical Circuit Diagnostic Test (SECDT). The results of this study found that analogy educational comics can replace students’ misconceptions with scientific truths and it was found that 63% were aware of their misconceptions, gained new knowledge and believed in the truth of scientific explanations presented in the comics.
The implementation of discovery learning using personal site in physics online classroom
Authors: Sarah L L 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study aim to describe the implementation of discovery learning using personal site in online physics classroom. Learning process still could not conducted by face to face at school instead students and teachers have to conduct learning process by online learning. There are many platform and resources for online learning, but teachers need to design these resources to make a meaningful learning for students. An alternative approach or learning model as a meaningful learning is discovery learning. Personal sites was designed according to discovery learning step model in rubber, spring and Hooke’s law concepts. Personal teacher’s site contain some videos, text, simulation and guide of data collecting depend on the needs of discovery environment. In addition, students also used personal sites to make a report (e-portfolio) about the result of their learning process, made generalization, work in a group and presenting. Students show their abilities in independent investigation, data collecting and making a report using personal site. Based on normalized gain score 0,63, there is increasing students’ learning outcome with learning effectivity in average category. In addition, percentage of students who complete all assignments on time 80% mean that discovery learning using personal site has good criteria for students’ interaction with learning material. These indicates that discovery learning is an alternative method in online physics classroom although there are many things need to improve and develop such as animation or simulation and guided experiments.
A minimal robophysical model of quadriflagellate self-propulsion
Authors: Diaz Kelimar , Robinson Tommie L , Aydin Yasemin Ozkan , Aydin Enes , Goldman Daniel I , Wan Kirsty Y 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Locomotion at the microscale is remarkably sophisticated. Microorganisms have evolved diverse strategies to move within highly viscous environments, using deformable, propulsion-generating appendages such as cilia and flagella to drive helical or undulatory motion. In single-celled algae, these appendages can be arranged in different ways around an approximately 10 μm long cell body, and coordinated in distinct temporal patterns. Inspired by the observation that some quadriflagellates (bearing four flagella) have an outwardly similar morphology and flagellar beat pattern, yet swim at different speeds, this study seeks to determine whether variations in swimming performance could arise solely from differences in swimming gait. Robotics approaches are particularly suited to such investigations, where the phase relationships between appendages can be readily manipulated. Here, we developed autonomous, algae-inspired robophysical models that can self-propel in a viscous fluid. These macroscopic robots (length and width = 8.5 cm, height = 2 cm) have four independently actuated ‘flagella’ (length = 13 cm) that oscillate under low-Reynolds number conditions (Re

∼
O

(

1

0

−
1

)

). We tested the swimming performance of these robot models with appendages arranged two distinct configurations, and coordinated in three distinct gaits. The gaits, namely the pronk, the trot, and the gallop, correspond to gaits adopted by distinct microalgal species. When the appendages are inserted perpendicularly around a central ‘body’, the robot achieved a net performance of 0.15–0.63 body lengths per cycle, with the trot gait being the fastest. Robotic swimming performance was found to be comparable to that of the algal microswimmers across all gaits. By creating a minimal robot that can successfully reproduce cilia-inspired drag-based swimming, our work paves the way for the design of next-generation devices that have the capacity to autonomously navigate aqueous environments.
Solution to the 1D Stefan problem using the unified transform method
Authors: T Dokoza , Plümacher D , Smuda M , Jegust C , Oberlack M 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In this paper the one-dimensional two-phase Stefan problem is studied analytically leading to a system of non-linear Volterra-integral-equations describing the heat distribution in each phase. For this the unified transform method has been employed which provides a method via a global relation, by which these problems can be solved using integral representations. To do this, the underlying partial differential equation is rewritten into a certain divergence form, which enables to treat the boundary values as part of the integrals. Classical analytical methods fail in the case of the Stefan problem due to the moving interface. From the resulting non-linear integro-differential equations the one for the position of the phase change can be solved in a first step. This is done numerically using a fix-point iteration and spline interpolation. Once obtained, the temperature distribution in both phases is generated from their integral representation.
Is in vivo sensing in a total hip replacement a possibility? A review on past systems and future challenges
Authors: Vickers O G , Culmer P R , Isaac G H , Kay R W , Shuttleworth M P , Board T , Williams S 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Surgery to implant a total hip replacement (THR) is very successful in reducing pain and restoring function. This procedure has become more prevalent, and projections estimate further increases in demand. However, complications can arise, and current diagnostic techniques often fail to expose underlying issues before they result in a catastrophic failure that requires revision surgery. An instrumented implant, with embedded sensors capable of real time condition monitoring, would be an attractive proposition to incorporate within a THR. Continued advances in the performance and miniaturisation of electronic components, embedded systems, sensing and wireless communications have given the tools and resources medical device manufacturers need to innovate in the field of implantable medical devices. Smart implants are already being widely used in healthcare including pacemakers, cochlear implants, glucose monitors and insulin pumps however, a widely used smart THR has not yet been realised. Since the implantation of the first instrumented hip implant in the 1960s there have been several in vitro studies monitoring levels of implant loosening. Additionally, significant research has been conducted using instrumented THRs to perform in vivo measurement of biomechanical metrics, including force and moments. To date less than 100 patients have successfully received an instrumented implant. The results of these studies have aided researchers, designers and surgeons in wider research projects, however, the motivation behind the work was to provide discrete biomechanical data sets and not provide real-time condition monitoring of an implants performance or highlight early indications for revision surgery. If in vivo sensing within a THR is to be achieved and adopted in regular clinical practice then the following challenges need to be addressed: choice of the sensing method, biocompatibility and integration within the implant, power supply, communication, and regulatory considerations.
Oxalate nephropathy: a review
Authors: Rosenstock Jordan L , Joab Tatyana M J , DeVita Maria V , Yang Yihe , Sharma Purva D , Bijol Vanesa 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This review describes the clinical and pathological features of oxalate nephropathy (ON), defined as a syndrome of decreased renal function associated with deposition of calcium oxalate crystals in kidney tubules. We review the different causes of hyperoxaluria, including primary hyperoxaluria, enteric hyperoxaluria and ingestion-related hyperoxaluria. Recent case series of biopsy-proven ON are reviewed in detail, as well as the implications of these series. The possibility of antibiotic use predisposing to ON is discussed. Therapies for hyperoxaluria and ON are reviewed with an emphasis on newer treatments available and in development. Promising research avenues to explore in this area are discussed.
Water deprivation compromises maternal physiology and reproductive success in a cold and wet adapted snake Vipera berus
Authors: Dezetter Mathias , Le Galliard Jean François , Guiller Gaëtan , Guillon Michaël , Leroux-Coyau Mathieu , Meylan Sandrine , Brischoux François , Angelier Fréderic , Lourdais Olivier 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Droughts are becoming more intense and frequent with climate change. These extreme weather events can lead to mass mortality and reproduction failure, and therefore cause population declines. Understanding how the reproductive physiology of organisms is affected by water shortages will help clarify whether females can adjust their reproductive strategy to dry conditions or may fail to reproduce and survive. In this study, we investigated the consequences of a short period of water deprivation (2 weeks) during early pregnancy on the physiology and behaviour of a cold- and wet-adapted ectotherm (Vipera berus). We also examined water allocation to developing embryos and embryonic survival. Water-deprived females exhibited significant dehydration, physiological stress and loss of muscle mass. These effects of water deprivation on water balance and muscle loss were correlated with the number of developing embryos. While water-deprived females maintained water transfer to embryos at the expense of their own maintenance, water deprivation also led to embryonic mortality. Overall, water deprivation amplifies the reproductive costs of water allocation to support embryonic development. The deleterious impacts of water deprivation on female current reproductive performance and on potential survival and future reproduction could lead to severe population declines in this species.
Integrative analysis of microbiome and metabolome in rats with Gest-Aid Plus Oral Liquid supplementation reveals mechanism of its healthcare function
Authors: Cheng Min , Sun Yuanfang , Wang Leqi , Tan Lirong , Jin Huizi , Yan Shikai , Li Shasha , Xiao Xue 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to elucidate the possible mechanism of Gest-Aid Plus Oral Liquid (GAP) on healthcare function.

Method
Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and 16S rDNA sequencing of gut microbiota were performed on serum and fecal samples of GAP and control rats. Additionally, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and inflammatory cytokines in fecal samples were determined through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.

Result
Metabolomics discovered 41 metabolites, which mainly involved amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, coenzyme factors, and vitamin metabolism. Administration of GAP increased abundance of Prevotella_9, Alloprevotella, Blautia, Phascolarctobacterium, Parabacteroides, and Fusicatenibacter, and six SCFAs were increased in the GAP group. Measurement of inflammatory cytokines showed that GAP had an anti-inflammatory effect in rats.

Conclusion
Administration of GAP greatly affects the aspartate metabolism and microecology of rats, enhances intestinal motility and gut barrier integrity and anti-inflammation. These findings not only have possible implications for further application of GAP, but also provide a link between the gut microbiome, SCFAs, inflammation and serum metabolites in rats.