bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilizing the social cognitive career theory in understanding students' choice in selecting auditing as a career: evidence from Ghana
Authors: Tetteh Lexis Alexander , Agyenim-Boateng Cletus , Kwarteng Amoako , Muda Paul , Sunu Prince 
Published: November 2021

PurposeThe study uses social cognitive career theory (SCCT) to explore the driving and restraining factors that students consider in selecting auditing as a career.Design/methodology/approachConsidering the aim of this study, a qualitative research was preferred with the objective of gathering in-depth and enriched empirical data; hence, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seventy-five fourth-year undergraduate accounting students of six top-ranked universities in Ghana that offer accounting programmes.FindingsThe findings of the current study unearth the constructs of the SCCT that students' decision to consider a career in audit is driven by outcome expectations (high earnings/monetary incentives and social prestige associated with the job), as well as self-efficacy belief (possession of ethical values). Further, the study finds that self-efficacy beliefs (job stress and accounting stereotype) were the factors restraining students from considering auditing as a career. The results finally show that the students who would choose auditing as a career in future are in one way or the other, preparing for the achievement of their goals.Research limitations/implicationsThe SCCT framework utilized focuses on the three main constructs: self-efficacy, outcome expectations and goals. There are a number of related factors that may influence students' career choice decisions. These may include personal characteristics and contextual influences; a change of the theoretical framework may help discover other important personal and contextual factors that this current study could not unearth.Practical implicationsThe study indicates, on the contrary, that students have negative perceptions about auditing as a career option; they consider the career as stressful, tedious and monotonous. These misconceptions make it less likely for a student to pursue auditing as a career. Educators can aid students in their decision to pursue a study in accounting and become auditors by displaying and reinforcing the positive outcomes that come with the position of an auditor.Originality/valueThe findings of this study add to the existing literature by delving deeper into the self-selection factors that influence a student's desire to become an auditor. Furthermore, the current research is exceptional in that it applies the SCCT to the aim of becoming an auditor. Although other research studies have looked into factors that may influence a student's decision to pursue a profession as an accountant, these studies have mostly been quantitative, limiting the students' ability to explain why those factors encourage or dissuade them.
Real Estate Insights Is tokenization of real estate ready for lift off in APAC?
Authors: Chow Yuen Leng , Tan Kok Keong 
Published: November 2021

PurposeBlockchain and distributed ledger technologies are set to disrupt the real estate sector in all areas: ownership, sale, management and investment. Tokenization moves physical real estate to the digital space and could result in substantial cost savings in the pre- and post-tokenization process. This article discusses whether real estate as an asset class is ready for digitalization in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region.Design/methodology/approachGlobally, the APAC region has the highest digital adaptation/adoption rates. Regulators in the region are also moving fast to clarify their stance on digital assets. This article adopts a holistic view, from trends, regulations, and technology, to discuss the benefits and challenges of digitalizing real estate in APAC.FindingsReal estate tokenization is a nascent market but platforms like BrickX, KASA, ADDX, and Minterest have successfully launched real estate tokens in Australia, South Korea, and Singapore, respectively. Tokenization may prove to be a viable funding source for those relatively poorly capitalized financial markets in the APAC region.Practical implicationsThis paper discusses the current regulatory and business contexts in relation to the pace of tokenization of real estate in APAC. Opportunities and difficulties are outlined in a concise manner to facilitate more discussion in this area.Originality/valueExisting reports and research articles tend to focus on the western markets. This article provides a new perspective on tokenization, specifically in the APAC context.
Finding sustainable mobility solutions for shrinking cities: the case of Toyama and Kanazawa
Authors: Balaban Osman , Puppim de Oliveira Jose Antonio 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
Shrinking population can have significant negative impacts on the social and economic fabric of a city. This paper aims to understand different urban transportation policies to respond to population decline in shrinking cities by examining two case studies of urban interventions in mid-size cities in Japan.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper analyzes the implementation of sustainable mobility strategies in the urban transport sector in the Japanese cities of Toyama and Kanazawa, which risk having their populations significantly reduced in the next decades. The analysis is based on case study research that uses the data and information collected through desk and field research. Interviews with local actors, as well as published policy and academic documents on the case studies provided critical data and information to analyze the case studies.

Findings
Both cities have tried to make urban mobility more sustainable via different strategies. Toyama used more structural changes, called the “sticks and dumplings” approach, having land use incentives and the Light Rail Transit reinforced by bus routes as the backbone of its strategy. Kanazawa relied on a city center revitalization plan to densify residential use in the city center.

Practical implications
More structural interventions are necessary to change the declining of shrinking cities, mitigating some of the negative effects. City administrations need to have clear policy priorities and should not allocate their limited resources to competing policy agendas.

Originality/value
The study is unique as it is one of the first efforts to analyze urban transportation interventions in shrinking cities in Japan.
Nutritional ecology of martens (Martes foina and Martes martes) in the western Italian Alps
Authors: Granata Marco , Mosini Andrea , Piana Manuel , Zambuto Francesco , Capelli Enrica , Balestrieri Alessandro 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe macronutrient requirements of the strictly related pine marten (Martes martes) and stone marten (Martes foina) are almost identical, but, at range scale, in areas of putative sympatry (overlapping European ranges) the stone marten tends to be more frugivorous, which makes the contribution of carbohydrate energy to be higher than the target. In contrast, the macronutrient intake of the pine marten would be unaffected by the occurrence of the stone marten, supporting the putative dominance of the first in interspecific interactions. Most available studies examined marten diets separately, highlighting the need for further studies in areas of actual co‐occurrence. With this aim, we compared the two martens' diets in the Italian Alps both in sympatric and allopatric conditions, as assessed by the genetic identification of scats. Although fruit and rodents formed the bulk of both species' diets, as predicted the stone marten consumed twice as many fruit species as the pine marten and ate fruit more often in areas of sympatry, thus consuming less protein and more carbohydrates respect to its intake target. This competition‐driven, nutritionally imbalanced diet may affect the fitness of stone marten populations and play an important and still underreported role in regulating the relative abundance of marten communities.
Initiation of dialysis for kidney graft failure: A retrospective single‐center cohort study
Authors: Taira Hirona , Noguchi Hiroshi , Ueki Kenji , Kaku Keizo , Tsuchimoto Akihiro , Okabe Yasuhiro , Ohya Yusuke , Nakamura Masafumi 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFew studies have focused on the outcome of dialysis for kidney graft failure. We investigated the outcomes of dialysis for graft failure. We retrospectively studied 52 patients undergoing dialysis for graft failure at our facility from January 2004 to December 2018. The mean age at initiation of dialysis was 51.8 ± 13.5 years. The patient survival rates after initiation of dialysis at 1, 3, and 5 years were 96.0%, 93.8%, and 82.4%, respectively. The rate of unplanned initiation was 44.2%. In multivariate logistic analysis, lack of follow‐up by nephrologists and pre‐emptive kidney transplantation (PEKT) tended to be risk factors for unplanned initiation (P = 0.065 and P = 0.014, respectively). Our study suggests that the prognosis of patients with dialysis for graft failure is acceptable. Dialysis for graft failure, especially in patients with PEKT, tends to be unplanned, and for safe initiation, early involvement of nephrologists may be necessary.
Impact of temperature and sunlight exposition on locally brewed beers composition revealed by fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with chemometric methods
Authors: Pale  , Djiedeu Nicodème , Lissouck Daniel , Mbogning William Feudjio , Issac Adoum , Owono Luc Calvin , Kenfack Cyril Assongo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFluorescence excitation‐emission matrix (EEM) and synchronous scanning fluorescence (SF), coupled with parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) methods were used to differentiate 49 lager beer samples and monitor the effects of temperature and sunlight exposition on their composition. EEMs were decomposed into independent fluorescent components. The beer samples were characterized by the presence of excitation/emission (exc/em) peaks at 290/350, 315/345, 340/410, 375/455, 360/420, 400/460, and 437/525 nm, which were ascribed, according to the known beer fluorescent components, respectively to aromatic amino acids, vitamin B6 (pyridoxal), vitamin B6 (pyridoxic acids), vitamin B3, iso‐α‐acids, vitamin B1, and vitamin B2. The variation of the relative concentration of iso‐α‐acids in the different beer brands presented the same trend with that of their relative IBU, thus revealing the potency of our method in the assessment of beer bitterness. The impact of temperature and sunlight was assessed by separately monitoring the modifications of the EEMs after 5 h exposition to 40°C temperature and sunlight respectively. Noticeably a variation of the peaks intensity of the iso‐α‐acids, carbonyl and polyphenols compounds were observed, accompanied by a decrease of the alcohol content, thus indicating beer aging. This method can be useful for the identification and monitoring of beer state during the technological production cycle and storage.Practical ApplicationThe present work demonstrates the potency of the fluorescence technique used together with chemometric methods to give valuable information on beer bitterness. Development of rapid quantitative methods for beer bitterness assessment is of great importance for brewing industries.
Does Distance Matter? An Investigation of Partners Who Audit Distant Clients and the Effects on Audit Quality†
Authors: Francis Jere R. , Golshan Nargess , Hallman Nicholas J. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTWe examine how audit partners' geographic proximity to clients affects audit quality. We use hand‐collected data to show that approximately half of audit partners are assigned to clients headquartered more than 100 km away from the partners' home locations. Few of these partners relocate after receiving their assignments and, as a result, more than one‐third of clients are audited by partners who must commute long distances to visit the client in person. We explore this phenomenon by first modeling how distance affects partner‐client matching. We find that partners' geographic proximity to a prospective client is an important matching criterion, but also that trade‐offs are made when other partner characteristics such as industry specialization are more likely to be important. Next, consistent with our prediction, we show that audit quality is lower when partners reside farther from their clients. We corroborate our primary findings by showing that the association between partner distance and audit quality is mitigated when partners have access to direct flights to their clients' headquarters and when clients are geographically dispersed. Our paper should be informative for regulators, practicing auditors, and academics interested in how partner‐client matching affects audit outcomes.
The wearable artificial kidney created by Kolff and Jacobsen
Authors: Ash Stephen R. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this history article, I describe my experience with the wearable artificial kidney (WAK) project of Dr. Willem Kolff in 1975. The WAK was unique and functioned well though it had an incomplete sorbent system. The company that licensed it redesigned it to become a more traditional dialysis system, suited for in‐center dialysis but without portability. At the end of this manuscript, I explain mistakes made in the steps to commercialization of the WAK, and lessons I learned from the experience.
Relationship between psychopathic traits and performance on the Mini Social Cognition and Emotional Assessment in incarcerated males
Authors: Remmel Rheanna J. , Glenn Andrea L. , Harrison Alexandra P. 
Published: November 2021

Psychopathy is a constellation of personality traits such as callousness, manipulativeness, and impulsivity, and these traits often co‐occur with antisocial behavior. Researchers and clinicians have posited that these traits may be associated with impairments in orbitofrontal cortex functioning, but researchers have rarely assessed this using clinical neuropsychological assessments. In a sample of 87 male inmates in a county jail, this study examined the relationship between psychopathic traits and performance on the Mini Social Cognition and Emotional Assessment (Mini‐SEA), an assessment of orbitofrontal cortex functioning. Psychopathy scores (total or factor) were not correlated with Mini‐SEA performance. Potential reasons for our null findings and study limitations are discussed.Practitioner points

Psychopathic traits were not associated with performance on a neuropsychological measure assessing orbitofrontal cortex functioning.

Deficits in OFC functioning observed in psychopathy may be different in nature, or less severe, than those observed in patients with frontotemporal dementia, who perform poorly on this measure.
What do adult black caiman (Melanosuchus niger) actually eat?
Authors: Rosenblatt Adam E. , Li Fernando , Kalicharan Leanna , Taylor Peter 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe black caiman (Melanosuchus niger) is one of the largest predators in South America, yet we know little about adult diets. We studied stomach contents of adults in Guyana and found the largest individuals target mammals instead of fish and males exhibit cannibalism, a behavior never recorded for this species previously.
Primary cutaneous gamma/delta T‐cell lymphoma in Taiwan: A series of six cases with frequent solitary presentation and relatively indolent behavior
Authors: Chen Bo‐Jung , Wang Ren Ching , Jhuang Jie‐Yang , Chen Shang‐Wen , Su Ying‐Zhen , Tseng Chih‐En , Chiang Chien‐Ta , Wu You‐Ting , Chuang Shih‐Sung 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundPrimary cutaneous gamma/delta T‐cell lymphoma (PCDG‐TCL) is aggressive, frequently presenting as multiple plaques, tumors, and/or subcutaneous nodules.MethodsIn this study, we conducted a retrospective study in a tertiary center in Taiwan to characterize this rare tumor.ResultsWe identified six patients. Five presented with a solitary lesion, including two with clinical impression of epidermal inclusion cyst or lipoma. Two of four evaluable cases exhibited epidermotropism, with one mimicking Pautrier microabscess. The neoplastic cells were pleomorphic and mostly medium‐ to large‐sized. In all cases, the neoplastic cells expressed T‐cell receptor (TCR)‐γ and/or TCR‐δ, with four co‐expressing βF1. Two of these βF1+ cases co‐expressed TCR‐γ but not TCR‐δ (two different clones). All were negative for Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), low stage, and treated with radiotherapy alone or combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In two patients, lymphoma relapsed in 3 and 7 months, respectively, and one patient died of the disease in 7 months. Four other patients were free of disease for 6 to 126 months.ConclusionPCGD‐TCL cases in Taiwan are more commonly solitary, frequently with indolent courses. The two currently available TCR‐δ clones alone might be insufficient to detect all tumors.
Conservation hotspots of insular endemic mammalian diversity at risk of extinction across a multidimensional approach
Authors: Leclerc Camille , Magneville Camille , Bellard Céline 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimIslands are one of the most threatened worldwide biotas. Based on their taxonomic diversity, some insular regions have been identified as key areas of conservation. Recently, systematic conservation planning has advocated for the use of multiple biodiversity facets to protect unique evolutionary and functional processes. Here, we identified priority areas for threatened insular endemic mammals across three key dimensions of biodiversity (taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional), as well as their protection level and threats affecting them.LocationWorldwide.MethodsWe applied diversity–area relationships to identify insular regions that harbored a disproportionately high rate of threatened endemic mammal diversity (whether taxonomic, phylogenetic, or functional) given their area for 1,799 islands across 19 insular regions. We also assessed the level of protection and the threats affecting biodiversity within each insular region.ResultsWe showed a fairly good congruence between top‐ranked insular regions based on taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity. Specifically, we identified four hotspots for endemic mammalian conservation through the three diversity facets: Indo‐Burma, Madagascar and the Indian Ocean Islands, Mesoamerica and Galápagos Islands, and Wallacea. Except for Mesoamerica and Galápagos Islands, the protected areas coverage is low (<8%) within the hotspots. We also showed that most of the mammal species occurring in the hotspots was prone to either direct threats that affect their mortality or indirect threats that only alter their habitat, while mixed threats such as biological invasions or climate change were less represented in those regions.Main conclusionsOur findings reinforce the importance of investigating the multiple diversity facets in a conservation concern and to link with the associated threats to ensure an effective conservation strategy.
From Rebel to Humanitarian: Military Savoir Faire and Humanitarian Practice in Eastern DR Congo
Authors: James Myfanwy 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTThis article explores the experience of ex‐rebels who have become humanitarians in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. It describes how rebel‐cum‐humanitarians navigate a turbulent political environment, integrating the knowledge they acquired through military experience into a career in the humanitarian sector. ‘Distinction’ between combatants and humanitarians remains central to the humanitarian imaginary. However, rebel and humanitarian spheres are interlinked by individuals who do not just broker relationships between the two, but also move between them. They walk a tightrope: their rebel past is seen as a threat to performing a ‘neutral’ humanitarian identity, but at the same time, it constitutes a resource in brokering access with armed groups. Despite a focus on performing principles, humanitarian agencies in practice draw on their employees’ savoir faire which is sometimes gained through rebel experience — the very identity deemed antithetical to a humanitarian status.
Utilization of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and changes in clinical characteristics in patients with type 2 diabetes by chronic kidney disease stage in Japan: A descriptive observational study using a nationwide electronic medical records database
Authors: Hirose Naoki , Tsujimoto Naoto , Katayose Taeko , Chin Rina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimTo describe the utilization of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1 RAs) and changes in clinical characteristics before and after GLP‐1 RA initiation in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) by chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage.Materials and MethodsIn this retrospective descriptive study using a nationwide electronic medical records database in Japan, we included patients with GLP‐1 RA prescriptions from June 2010 to October 2019. Clinical characteristics at GLP‐1 RA initiation, persistence proportion, and changes in clinical measurements after GLP‐1 RA initiation were described for all patients and by CKD stage, defined by baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).ResultsWe included 8049 patients. During the study period, the proportion of patients with T2D initiating GLP‐1 RAs increased from 1.5% in 2010 to 3.3% in 2019. Also, the mean (95% confidence interval) of baseline age and eGFR ranged from 58.6 (56.7‐60.4) to 66.3 (65.5‐67.2) years and from 72.9 (68.0‐77.9) to 64.0 (62.2‐65.8) mL/min/1.73m2, respectively. The persistence proportion at 12 months was 49.5% overall, 37.8% in T2D patients with CKD with a baseline eGFR of less than 30 mL/min/1.73m2, and 34.6% in those undergoing dialysis. The rate of deterioration in renal function reduced after GLP‐1 RA initiation.ConclusionsThe utilization of GLP‐1 RAs has been increasing over the past decade, and GLP‐1 RAs have been used in patients with limited treatment options, such as the elderly or those with CKD. In T2D patients with CKD, the persistence proportion of GLP‐1 RAs was not low, and the renal dysfunction may be moderated by GLP‐1 RA initiation.
(Re)visiting the neighbourhood
Authors: Drozdzewski Danielle , Webster Natasha A. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractNeighbourhoods are complex places, at once familiar and foreign, easily found on a map or bounded by rules only insiders know. Although neighbourhood is a concept, one that we experience daily, it remains conceptually challenging for geographers and planners alike. Nevertheless, and despite its complexity, the importance of the understanding the neighbourhood should not be overlooked, especially in the post‐pandemic world. Understanding the neighbourhood as a concept, place and context, poses opportunities for geographers to think‐with and think laterally across the demographic information we may have on who lives in a neighbourhood, and towards the integration of lived experiences to our explorations of it. In this paper, we critically review key literature on the neighbourhood since 2015, and discuss recurrent themes from that scholarship: belonging, place attachment, everyday interactions, and spatial formations. We argue that the neighbourhood be considered as a multilayered locale and a site imbued with emotions and meanings located with, in and stemming from place‐specific conceptual, temporal, and spatial contexts of the neighbourhood. Our (re)visit of the neighbourhood occasions, we think, an opportunity for geographers to keep in touch with the neighbourhood and shape new discussions around these important ‘lived in’ spaces and places.