bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introducing participatory fairness in emergency communication can support self-organization for survival
Authors: Banerjee Indushree , Warnier Martijn , Brazier Frances M. T. , Helbing Dirk 
Published: March 2021

AbstractParticipatory resilience of disaster-struck communities requires reliable communication for self-organized rescue, as conventional communication infrastructure is damaged. Disasters often lead to blackouts preventing citizens from charging their phones, leading to disparity in battery charges and a digital divide in communication opportunities. We propose a value-based emergency communication system based on participatory fairness, ensuring equal communication opportunities for all, regardless of inequality in battery charge. The proposed infrastructure-less emergency communication network automatically and dynamically (i) assigns high-battery phones as hubs, (ii) adapts the topology to changing battery charges, and (iii) self-organizes to remain robust and reliable when links fail or phones leave the network. The novelty of the proposed mobile protocol compared to mesh communication networks is demonstrated by comparative agent-based simulations. An evaluation using the Gini coefficient demonstrates that our network design results in fairer participation of all devices and a longer network lifetime, benefiting the community and its participants.
Variable expression quantitative trait loci analysis of breast cancer risk variants
Authors: Wiggins George A. R. , Black Michael A. , Dunbier Anita , Merriman Tony R. , Pearson John F. , Walker Logan C. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractGenome wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 180 variants associated with breast cancer risk, however the underlying functional mechanisms and biological pathways which confer disease susceptibility remain largely unknown. As gene expression traits are under genetic regulation we hypothesise that differences in gene expression variability may identify causal breast cancer susceptibility genes. We performed variable expression quantitative trait loci (veQTL) analysis using tissue-specific expression data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) Common Fund Project. veQTL analysis identified 70 associations (p < 5 × 10–8) consisting of 60 genes and 27 breast cancer risk variants, including 55 veQTL that were observed in breast tissue only. Pathway analysis of genes associated with breast-specific veQTL revealed an enrichment of four genes (CYP11B1, CYP17A1 HSD3B2 and STAR) involved in the C21-steroidal biosynthesis pathway that converts cholesterol to breast-related hormones (e.g. oestrogen). Each of these four genes were significantly more variable in individuals homozygous for rs11075995 (A/A) breast cancer risk allele located in the FTO gene, which encodes an RNA demethylase. The A/A allele was also found associated with reduced expression of FTO, suggesting an epi-transcriptomic mechanism may underlie the dysregulation of genes involved in hormonal biosynthesis leading to an increased risk of breast cancer. These findings provide evidence that genetic variants govern high levels of expression variance in breast tissue, thus building a more comprehensive insight into the underlying biology of breast cancer risk loci.
Neural silences can be localized rapidly using noninvasive scalp EEG
Authors: Chamanzar Alireza , Behrmann Marlene , Grover Pulkit 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA rapid and cost-effective noninvasive tool to detect and characterize neural silences can be of important benefit in diagnosing and treating many disorders. We propose an algorithm, SilenceMap, for uncovering the absence of electrophysiological signals, or neural silences, using noninvasive scalp electroencephalography (EEG) signals. By accounting for the contributions of different sources to the power of the recorded signals, and using a hemispheric baseline approach and a convex spectral clustering framework, SilenceMap permits rapid detection and localization of regions of silence in the brain using a relatively small amount of EEG data. SilenceMap substantially outperformed existing source localization algorithms in estimating the center-of-mass of the silence for three pediatric cortical resection patients, using fewer than 3 minutes of EEG recordings (13, 2, and 11mm vs. 25, 62, and 53 mm), as well for 100 different simulated regions of silence based on a real human head model (12 ± 0.7 mm vs. 54 ± 2.2 mm). SilenceMap paves the way towards accessible early diagnosis and continuous monitoring of altered physiological properties of human cortical function.
Staphylococcus aureus lipoproteins promote abscess formation in mice, shielding bacteria from immune killing
Authors: Mohammad Majd , Na Manli , Hu Zhicheng , Nguyen Minh-Thu , Kopparapu Pradeep Kumar , Jarneborn Anders , Karlsson Anna , Ali Abukar , Pullerits Rille , Götz Friedrich , Jin Tao 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDespite being a major bacterial factor in alerting the human immune system, the role of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) lipoproteins (Lpp) in skin infections remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that subcutaneous injection of S. aureus Lpp led to infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages and induced skin lesions in mice. Lipid-moiety of S. aureus Lpp and host TLR2 was responsible for such effect. Lpp-deficient S. aureus strains exhibited smaller lesion size and reduced bacterial loads than their parental strains; the altered phenotype in bacterial loads was TLR2-independent. Lpp expression in skin infections contributed to imbalanced local hemostasis toward hypercoagulable state. Depletion of leukocytes or fibrinogen abrogated the effects induced by Lpp in terms of skin lesions and bacterial burden. Our data suggest that S. aureus Lpp induce skin inflammation and promote abscess formation that protects bacteria from innate immune killing. This suggests an intriguing bacterial immune evasion mechanism.
Multiple impacts of microplastics can threaten marine habitat-forming species
Authors: Corinaldesi Cinzia , Canensi Sara , Dell’Anno Antonio , Tangherlini Michael , Di Capua Iole , Varrella Stefano , Willis Trevor J. , Cerrano Carlo , Danovaro Roberto 
Published: March 2021

AbstractMicroplastics are recognised as a potential global threat to marine ecosystems, but the biological mechanisms determining their impact on marine life are still largely unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of microplastics on the red coral, a long-lived habitat-forming organism belonging to the Corallium genus, which is present at almost all latitudes from shallow-water to deep-sea habitats. When exposed to microplastics, corals preferentially ingest polypropylene, with multiple biological effects, from feeding impairment to mucus production and altered gene expression. Microplastics can alter the coral microbiome directly and indirectly by causing tissue abrasions that allow the proliferation of opportunistic bacteria. These multiple effects suggest that microplastics at the concentrations present in some marine areas and predicted for most oceans in the coming decades, can ultimately cause coral death. Other habitat-forming suspension-feeding species are likely subjected to similar impacts, which may act synergistically with climate-driven events primarily responsible for mass mortalities.
A new, Gaia-based, catalogue of blue straggler stars in open clusters
Authors: Rain M. J. , Ahumada J. A. , Carraro G. 
Published: March 2021

Context. Blue straggler stars are exotic objects present in all stellar environments whose nature and formation channels are still partially unclear. They seem to be particularly abundant in open clusters (OCs), thus offering a unique chance to tackle these problems statistically.
Aims. We aim to build up a new and homogeneous catalogue of blue straggler stars (BSS) in Galactic OCs using Gaia to provide a more solid assessment of the membership of these stars. We also aim to explore possible relationships of the straggler abundance with the parent cluster’s structural and dynamical parameters. As a by-product, we also search for possible yellow straggler stars (YSS), which are believed to be stragglers in a more advanced evolution stage.
Methods. We employed photometry, proper motions, and parallaxes extracted from Gaia DR2 for 408 Galactic star clusters and searched for stragglers within them after performing a careful membership analysis.
Results. The number of BBS emerging from our more stringent, selection criteria turns out to be significantly smaller than in previous versions of this catalogue. OCs are therefore not a preferable environment for these kinds of stars anymore. In addition, we found that BSS start to appear in clusters with ages larger than log(t) ∼ 8.7 and are therefore absent in very young star clusters.
Conclusions. The present catalogue supersedes the previous ones in several ways: membership assessment, number of stragglers found, and so forth. The new list includes 897 BSS and 77 YSS candidates in 408 OCs. We expect this catalogue to be the basis for a new round of studies of BSS and YSS.
The ASTRODEEP-GS43 catalogue: New photometry and redshifts for the CANDELS GOODS-South field
Authors: Merlin E. , Castellano M. , Santini P. , Cipolletta G. , Boutsia K. , Schreiber C. , Buitrago F. , Fontana A. , Elbaz D. , Dunlop J. , Grazian A. , McLure R. , McLeod D. , Nonino M. , Milvang-Jensen B. , Derriere S. , Hathi N. P. , Pentericci L. , Fortuni F. , Calabrò A. 
Published: March 2021

Context. We present ASTRODEEP-GS43, a new multi-wavelength photometric catalogue of the GOODS-South field, which builds and improves upon the previously released CANDELS catalogue.
Aims. We provide photometric fluxes and corresponding uncertainties in 43 optical and infrared bands (25 wide and 18 medium filters), as well as the photometric redshifts and physical properties of the 34930 CANDELS H-detected objects, plus an additional sample of 178 H-dropout sources, of which 173 are Ks-detected and five are IRAC-detected.
Methods. We keep the CANDELS photometry in seven bands (CTIO U, Hubble Space Telescope WFC3, and ISAAC-K) and measure from scratch the fluxes in the other 36 (23 from Subaru SuprimeCAM and Magellan Baade FourStar and the rest from VIMOS, HST ACS, HAWK-I Ks, and Spitzer IRAC) with state-of-the-art template-fitting techniques. We then compute new photometric redshifts with three different software tools and take the median value as a best estimate. We finally evaluate new physical parameters from spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting, comparing them to previously published ones.
Results. Comparing to a sample of 3931 high quality spectroscopic redshifts, for the new photometric redshifts we obtain a normalised median absolute deviation of 0.015, with 3.01% of outliers on the full catalogue (0.011 and 0.22% on the bright end at I814 <  22.5). This is similar to the best available published samples of photometric redshifts, such as the COSMOS UltraVISTA catalogue.
Conclusions. The ASTRODEEP-GS43 results are in qualitative agreement with previously published catalogues of the GOODS-South field, improving on them particularly in terms of SED sampling and photometric redshift estimates. The catalogue is available for download from the ASTRODEEP website.
Investigation and prediction of Energy consumption at St. Olavs Hospital
Authors: Smedsrud Kristofersen, by Hans , Xue Kai , Yang Zhirong , Stenstad Liv-Inger , Giske Tor Emil , Cao Guangyu 
Published: March 2021

The objective of this study is to evaluate and predict the energy use in different buildings during COVID-19 pandemic period at St. Olavs Hospital in Trondheim. Based on machine learning, operational data from St. Olavs hospital combined with weather data will be used to predict energy use for the hospital.
Analysis of the energy data showed that the case buildings at the hospital did not have any different energy use during the pandemic this year compared to the same period last year, except for the lab center. The energy consumption of electricity, heating and cooling is very similar both in 2019 and 2020 for all buildings, but in 2020 during the pandemic, the lab center had a reduction of 35% in electricity, compared to last year. An analysis of the energy needed for heating and cooling in the end of June to the end of November was also calculated for operating room 1 and was estimated to 256 kWh/m2 for operation room 1.
The machine learning algorithms perform very well to predict the energy consumption of case buildings, Random Forest and AdaBoost proves as the best models, with less than 10% margin of error, some of the models have only 4% error.
An analysis of the effect of humidification of ventilation air on energy consumption in operating room 1 was also carried out. The impact on energy consumption were high in winter and will at the coldest periods be able to double the energy consumption needed in the ventilation.
Gesundheitsförderung für Lehrkräfte –
Inanspruchnahme von gesundheitsförderlichen Maßnahmen im Setting
Schule
Authors: Burkhardt Birgit , Hoppe-Herfurth Anne-Cathrin , John Nancy , Bilz Ludwig 
Published: March 2021

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Die Studie untersucht die Inanspruchnahme von
gesundheitsförderlichen Maßnahmen durch Lehrkräfte und
die empfundene Passung zwischen Angebot und subjektivem Bedarf.
Methodik Im Schuljahr 2017/18 wurden mittels Fragebogen Daten von
830 Lehrkräfte an allen allgemeinbildenden Schulformen des Landes
Brandenburg zu ihrer Inanspruchnahme, dem Angebot und dem Bedarf erhoben.
Ergebnisse 81,3% der Lehrkräfte haben in den letzten 24
Monaten eine oder mehrere gesundheitsförderliche Maßnahme(n) in
Anspruch genommen. Es fanden sich keine signifikanten Unterschiede
bezüglich des Alters, des Geschlechts, der Schulform und der
Trägerschaft. Für die meisten Bereiche der
Gesundheitsförderung gaben die Lehrkräfte einen deutlich
höheren subjektiven Bedarf im Vergleich zum wahrgenommenen Angebot an,
wobei ein besonders hoher Bedarf für Maßnahmen der individuellen
Verhaltensprävention und der Schulraumgestaltung besteht.
Schlussfolgerungen Bei der Implementierung von
Präventionsmaßnahmen sollte die Passung zwischen Angebot und
subjektivem Bedarf aus Sicht der Lehrkräfte stärker als bisher
berücksichtigt werden.
Diagnostic Analyses of Retinal Dystrophy Genes: Current Status and Perspective
Authors: Bolz Hanno Jörn 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOver the past decade, novel high-throughput DNA sequencing technologies have revolutionised both research and diagnostic testing for monogenic disorders. This applies particularly to genetically very heterogeneous disorders like retinal dystrophies (RDs). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) today is considered as reliable as Sanger sequencing, which had been the gold standard for decades. Today, comprehensive NGS-based diagnostic testing reveals the causative mutations in the majority of RD patients, with important implications for genetic counselling for recurrence risks and personalised medical management (from interdisciplinary surveillance to prophylactic measures and, albeit yet rare, [gene] therapy). While DNA sequencing is – in most cases – no longer the diagnostic bottleneck, one needs to be aware of interpretation pitfalls and dead ends. The advent of new (NGS) technologies will solve some of these issues. However, specialised medical geneticists who are familiar
with the peculiarities of certain RD genes and closely interact with ophthalmologists will remain key to successful RD research and diagnostic testing for the benefit of the patients. This review sheds light on the current state of the field, its challenges and potential solutions.
Diagnosis of Inherited Retinal Diseases
Authors: Birtel Johannes , Yusuf Imran H. , Priglinger Claudia , Rudolph Günter , Charbel Issa Peter 
Published: March 2021

AbstractInherited retinal diseases are a frequent cause of severe visual impairment or blindness in children and adults of working age. Across this group of diseases, there is great variability in the degree of visual impairment, the impact on everyday life, disease progression, and the suitability to therapeutic intervention. Therefore, an early and precise diagnosis is crucial for patients and their families. Characterizing inherited retinal diseases involves a detailed medical history, clinical examination with testing of visual function, multimodal retinal imaging as well as molecular genetic testing. This may facilitate a distinction between different inherited retinal diseases, as well as a differentiation from monogenic systemic diseases with retinal involvement, and from mimicking diseases.
Risk Analysis of Perioperative Injections in Arthroscopic Reconstruction of the Rotator Cuff of the Shoulder – A Systematic Review
Authors: von Knoch Marius , Baums Mike H. , Lehmann Wolfgang , Frosch Stephan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background The present study used a systematic review to analyse the risk of perioperative injections during arthroscopic reconstruction of the rotator cuff of the shoulder. The questions of interest were whether perioperative local injection increases the infection risk and whether the number of postoperative revisions is increased.
Material and Methods A systematic review of the U. S. National Library of Medicine/National Institutes of Health (PubMed) database and the Cochrane Library was performed using the PRISMA checklist. The keywords used were “shoulder” and “arthroscopy” and “injection” and “risk”. In the course of the study, work that was not also primarily concerned with the reconstruction of the rotator cuff was excluded. English original articles and case series were included that contained at least some arthroscopic reconstructions of the rotator cuff. The risk of bias was determined using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The content of the articles relevant to the research questions was analysed.
Results 48 hits were primarily generated. 9 articles corresponded to the inclusion criteria and were analysed. In the 6 studies with details on the injected substances, cortisone was used in 98 – 100% of the cases. The reported infection and revision rates based on insurance data were higher with injection than without. The risk of bias in the studies analysed here was rather low based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Score. The risk of infection after a cortisone injection before, during or after surgery was increased. Injection was associated with infection in up to 8% of cases with injections within two weeks of surgery. The risk of infection was increased by up to 11 times with injections within 4 weeks after the operation. Likewise, the risk of revision surgery after injection was increased, with the time intervals between injection and surgery sometimes differing between studies.
Discussion Local infections and to a lesser extent revision surgery are associated with perioperative injections (with cortisone) within 3 months preoperatively and 4 weeks postoperatively. However, there were only database studies of insurance data with several studies from a few centres. Thus, no causal relationships could be proven. Currently, however, the following can be recommended using a cautious approach: The interval between injection with cortisone before surgery should be at least 2 weeks, better 3 months. No cortisone injections should be applied intraoperatively. Postoperatively, cortisone should not be injected for at least 4 weeks. If, in exceptional cases, deviations from these time limits are required, patients should be informed about an increased risk of complications.
Isolation of Adenosine and Cordysinin B from Anredera cordifolia that Stimulates CRE-Mediated Transcription in PC12 Cells
Authors: Ohizumi Yasushi , Kawada Michi , Kamada Maki , Nakajima Akira , Kajima Koji , Uozumi Nobuyuki , Hara Yasumasa , Guo Yuanqiang , Ishibashi Masami 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease is a typical neurodegenerative disorder, and its prevention or treatment poses great concern in advanced countries. In our survey of numerous natural resources with neurotrophic activities, we found that Anredera cordifolia improved memory impairment and increased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) response element-mediated transcription, an important step in signal transduction for memory formation. The extracts of this food were dissolved in methanol and then partitioned with three organic solvents and water, separating into n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water layers. The n-butanol layer with the strongest activity on cyclic AMP-response element-dependent transcription was fractionated using silica gel column chromatography and then the activity was monitored using preparative high-performance liquid chromatography to give adenosine and cordysinin B, respectively. Both compounds showed a concentration-dependent increase in cyclic AMP-response element-mediated transcription activity. These results suggest that both adenosine and cordysinin B may participate in improving the action of A. cordifolia on memory impairment, and these actions, at least in part, result from the activation of adenosine A1, A2A, and A2B receptors.
Development, Validation and Application of a UHPLC-MS Method for the Quantification of Chios Mastic Gum Triterpenoids in Human Plasma
Authors: Brieudes Vincent , Mikropoulou Eleni V. , Kallergis Errikos , Kaliora Andriana C. , Papada Efstathia , Gkiouvetidis Petros , Angelis Apostolis , Halabalaki Maria 
Published: March 2021

AbstractChios mastic gum is the resinous secretion obtained from the barks of the shrub Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia, which is endemic to the Greek island of Chios. Since antiquity, Chios mastic gum has found several uses as a phytotherapeutic remedy, primarily for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders while recently, Chios mastic gum was also recognized by EMA as an herbal medicinal product with specific indications. Chios mastic gumʼs biological properties are attributed to triterpenes which comprise the major chemical group (approx. 70%) and notably isomasticadienonic acid and masticadienonic acid. However, due to their structural characteristics, the isolation thereof in high yield and purity is challenging and since they are not commercially available, pharmacological studies aiming to assess their biological properties are limited. In the present work, masticʼs phytochemical investigation by UPLC-HRMS is followed by the isolation and characterization of
isomasticadienonic acid and masticadienonic acid to be used as analytical standards for their accurate and reliable quantification in human plasma. A UHPLC-tQ-MS method that was developed and validated (in terms of specificity, linearity, limit of quantification, accuracy and precision), for the direct quantification of the targeted compounds in the low ng/mL range of concentration, was subsequently implemented on plasma samples of healthy volunteers thus demonstrating its fitness for purpose. The results presented herein might provide insight to the understanding of this traditional natural product consumed notably for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and lipid lowering properties. Moreover, this method might serve as a starting point for any study aiming to monitor bioactive triterpenes in biological fluids.