bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic discrepancy in second opinion reviews of primary epithelial neoplasms involving salivary gland: An 11‐year experience from a tertiary referral center focusing on useful pathologic approaches and potential clinical impacts
Authors: Xu Bin , Ghossein Ronald , Ho Alan , Viswanathan Kartik , Khimraj Anjanie , Saliba Maelle , Cracchiolo Jennifer R. , Katabi Nora 
Published: April 2021

AbstractAimsIn the era of precision medicine, accurate pathologic diagnoses are crucial for appropriate management.MethodsWe herein described the histologic features and clinical impacts of 66 salivary gland epithelial neoplasms in which the diagnosis was altered after expert review.ResultsThe most common revised diagnosis was that of salivary duct carcinoma (SDC, n = 12), adenoid cystic carcinoma (n = 12), and myoepithelial carcinoma (n = 10). The most common initial diagnosis was mucoepidermoid carcinoma (n = 19) with SDC being the most common revised diagnosis (7/19). Thirteen salivary gland carcinomas were initially diagnosed as benign entities, whereas five benign tumors were initially interpreted as carcinoma. The change in diagnosis was considered to be clinically significant in 65 (97%) cases.ConclusionsGiven their rarity, salivary gland neoplasms are prone to diagnostic inaccuracy and discrepancy. A constellation of histologic features and ancillary studies are useful in reaching the correct diagnosis, which can have significant clinical impacts.
Hepatocyte SH3RF2 Deficiency Is a Key Aggravator for NAFLD
Authors: Yang Xia , Sun Dating , Xiang Hui , Wang Sichen , Huang Yongping , Li Ling , Cheng Xu , Liu Hui , Hu Fengjiao , Cheng Yanjie , Ma Tengfei , Hu Manli , Tian Han , Tian Song , Zhou Yan , Zhang Peng , Zhang Xiao‐Jing , Ji Yan‐Xiao , Hu Yufeng , Li Hongliang , She Zhi‐Gang 
Published: April 2021

Background and Aims
NAFLD has become the most common liver disease worldwide but lacks a well‐established pharmacological therapy. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of an E3 ligase SH3 domain‐containing ring finger 2 (SH3RF2) in NAFLD and to further explore the underlying mechanisms.

Methods and Results
In this study, we found that SH3RF2 was suppressed in the setting of NAFLD across mice, monkeys, and clinical individuals. Based on a genetic interruption model, we further demonstrated that hepatocyte SH3RF2 deficiency markedly deteriorates lipid accumulation in cultured hepatocytes and diet‐induced NAFLD mice. Mechanistically, SH3RF2 directly binds to ATP citrate lyase, the primary enzyme promoting cytosolic acetyl–coenzyme A production, and promotes its K48‐linked ubiquitination‐dependent degradation. Consistently, acetyl–coenzyme A was significantly accumulated in Sh3rf2‐knockout hepatocytes and livers compared with wild‐type controls, leading to enhanced de novo lipogenesis, cholesterol production, and resultant lipid deposition.

Conclusion
SH3RF2 depletion in hepatocytes is a critical aggravator for NAFLD progression and therefore represents a promising therapeutic target for related liver diseases.
An evaluation of the healthcare costs associated with adverse events in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Wang Lin‐Chien , Chen Hsuan‐Ming , Chen Jin‐Hua , Lin Yi‐Chun , Ko Yu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveDespite the increasing prevalence and costs of breast cancer (BC), little is known about its adverse event (AE)‐related costs in Asia. This study aimed to estimate the healthcare expenditures of AEs in patients with BC in Taiwan.MethodsThis is a retrospective claims database analysis. The medical costs associated with BC AEs during the first‐line treatment period were estimated by use of both a matching method and the generalized linear model (GLM).ResultsA total of 50,010 patients diagnosed with breast cancer were identified. Using the case‐control matching method, pneumonitis/pneumonia was the AE associated with the greatest total healthcare costs (NT$ 66,889), followed by arthralgia (NT$55,380). In the GLM, the estimated costs ranged from NT$ 1,045 for fatigue to NT$ 116,652 for left heart failure. Moreover, the estimated total healthcare incremental cost increased with the number of AEs (NT$18,157 for 1 AE, NT$33,827 for 2 AEs, NT$39,052 for 3 AEs, NT$53,348 for 4 AEs, and NT$54,215 for 5 AEs and above).ConclusionsThe findings indicate that AEs among patients with BC were associated with a substantial economic burden, and healthcare expenditure rose significantly as the number of AEs increased.
Early abortion care during the COVID‐19 public health emergency in Ireland: Implications for law, policy, and service delivery
Authors: Spillane Alison , Taylor Maeve , Henchion Caitriona , Venables Róisín , Conlon Catherine 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEarly abortion care became available in Ireland in January 2019. Service delivery involves two consultations with a medical practitioner, separated by a mandatory 3‐day waiting period. The Model of Care for termination of pregnancy initially required in‐person visits. The onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic necessitated significant reductions in in‐person interactions in healthcare. A revised Model of Care for termination of pregnancy, issued for the duration of the pandemic, permits delivery of early abortion care by remote consultation. Significantly, this was introduced without amending the 2018 abortion law. The pandemic precipitated a rapid development in the delivery of abortion care that was not anticipated at the time of abortion law reform only 18 months earlier. We outline the work undertaken to maintain access to abortion care in early pregnancy through the lens of a single community‐level provider and explore what these developments may mean for abortion law, policy, and service delivery.
Promoting healthy trajectories for urban middle school youth through county‐funded, parks‐based after‐school programming
Authors: Goodman Allison C. , Ouellette Rachel R. , D'Agostino Emily M. , Hansen Eric , Lee Theodore , Frazier Stacy L. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOngoing pressure for public schools to prioritize academics has increased attention on after‐school settings as a critical space for social‐emotional learning (SEL). After‐school programs are uniquely positioned to build protective and promotive factors that contribute to positive future orientation, especially within communities where systemic inequities create barriers to high school graduation, higher education, employment, and earnings. This study examines Fit2Lead Youth Enrichment and Sports (YES), a county‐funded, parks‐based after‐school collaboration for middle schoolers that merges mental health and recreation to promote healthy trajectories. Eight Miami neighborhood parks were selected based on county data indicating high rates of violence. An open trial design (N = 9 parks, 198 youth; ages 9–15; 40.5% female; 66.5% Black/African American, 24.9% Hispanic/Latinx, and 76.3% low‐income) tested hypotheses that participation for adolescents exposed to community violence would disrupt a commonly reported decline in self‐regulation and self‐efficacy, and mitigate risk for anxiety and depression. Youth completed questionnaires at the beginning and end of one school year. Paired t‐tests revealed no changes from pre to post, and no differences by baseline levels of youth and parent mental health. Findings highlight the promise of prevention programs to disrupt downward trajectories for youth during the risky time of early adolescence.
Reimagining the pipeline: Saturday Academy at New York University College of Dentistry goes virtual
Authors: Burns Lorel E. , Pezzullo Cheryline , Dief Sandy , Conde Giannina , Mejia Eugenia E. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurpose/objectivesThis study describes and evaluates efforts to transition an established pre‐dental pipeline program to a remote platform, in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.MethodsThe semester‐long pipeline program, Saturday Academy at New York University College of Dentistry, was conducted remotely through Zoom, and materials for hands‐on, pre‐clinical activities, were mailed to participants. Saturday Academy aims to educate underrepresented minority and low‐income high school students about the college application process and the dental profession. After the program's completion, program applications and engagement data were analyzed. An anonymous online survey was administered to the high school student participants. The survey questions included topics about their interest in the profession of dentistry, satisfaction with the Saturday Academy programming, and program engagement.ResultsIn its remote format, Saturday Academy had an average attendance of 87.8% at each session. All (60/60, 100%) of the high school student participants responded to the anonymous program satisfaction survey. Sixty‐seven percent reported an interest in the profession of dentistry before participating in the program and 82% after participating in the program. Ninety‐eight percent agreed with the statement “I enjoyed my experience participating in Saturday Academy.” Additionally, 97% agreed with the statement “Saturday Academy's virtual programming was effective.” There were no statistically significant differences in program satisfaction when data from the virtual program were compared to 2 years of in‐person program satisfaction data.ConclusionChallenges to fulfilling the missions of dental institutions in response to the coronavirus pandemic impact service and recruitment efforts, in addition to formal dental education. Transitioning pipeline programming efforts, with hands‐on components, to a remote format is possible and was met with favorable engagement and responses from program participants.
Role of FTO gene polymorphisms in Wilms tumor predisposition: A five‐center case–control study
Authors: Hua Rui‐Xi , Fu Wen , Lin Ao , Zhou Haixia , Cheng Jiwen , Zhang Jiao , Li Suhong , Liu Guochang , Xia Huimin , Zhuo Zhenjian , He Jing 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundWilms tumor is the most frequently occurring renal malignancy in pediatrics. The FTO gene exhibits a featured genetic contribution to cancer development. Nonetheless, its single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) contribution to Wilms tumor remains unknown.MethodsIn the present study, 402 Wilms tumor patients and 1198 healthy controls were successfully genotyped for FTO gene SNPs (rs1477196 G>A, rs9939609 T>A, rs7206790 C>G and rs8047395 A>G) using TaqMan SNP genotyping assays. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), generated from unconditional logistic regression, were applied to quantify the effects of FTO gene SNPs on Wilms tumor risk.ResultsWe found that the rs8047395 A>G polymorphism was significantly correlated with an increased risk for Wilms tumor (GG versus AA/AG: adjusted OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.04–1.85, p = 0.027). Carriers with 1 and 1–2 risk genotypes are more susceptible of developing Wilms tumor than those without risk genotypes. Stratified analysis of rs8047395 and risk genotypes revealed more significant relationships with Wilms tumor risk in certain subgroups. Preliminary functional annotations revealed that the rs8047395 A allele increases expression levels of the FTO gene as determined by expression quantitative trait locus analysis.ConclusionsThe present study provides evidence that rs8047395 may regulate FTO gene expression and thus confer susceptibility to Wilms tumor. The candidate FTO gene rs8047395 A>G polymorphism identified in this study warrants independent investigation.
Difference in orientation of the talar articular facets between healthy ankle joints and ankle joints with chronic instability
Authors: Kleipool Roeland P. , Stufkens Sjoerd A. S. , Dahmen Jari , Vuurberg Gwendolyn , Streekstra Geert J. , Dobbe Johannes G. G. , Blankevoort Leendert , Knupp Markus 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSince both the talocrural and subtalar joints can be involved in chronic ankle instability, the present study assessed the talar morphology as this bone is the key player between both joint levels. The 3D orientation and curvature of the superior and the posteroinferior facet between subjects with chronic ankle instability and healthy controls were compared. Hereto, the talus was segmented in the computed tomography images of a control group and a chronic ankle instability group, after which they were reconstructed to 3D surface models. A cylinder was fitted to the subchondral articulating surfaces. The axis of a cylinder represented the facet orientation, which was expressed by an inclination and deviation angle in a coordinate system based on the cylinder of the superior talar facet and the geometric principal axes of the subject's talus. The curvature of the surface was expressed as the radius of the cylinder. The results demonstrated no significant differences in the radius or deviation angle. However, the inclination angle of the posteroinferior talar facet was significantly more plantarly orientated (by 3.5°) in the chronic instability group (14.7 ± 3.1°) compared to the control group (11.2 ± 4.9°) (p < 0.05). In the coronal plane this corresponds to a valgus orientation of the posteroinferior talar facet relative to the talar dome. In conclusion, a more plantarly and valgus orientated posteroinferior talar facet may be associated to chronic ankle instability.
Prevalence of malnutrition diagnosed by the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition and Mini Nutritional Assessment in older adult outpatients and comparison between the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition and Mini Nutritional Assessment energy‐protein intake: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Ozer Nurhayat Tugra , Akin Sibel , Gunes Sahin Gulsah , Sahin Serap 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) published malnutrition identification criteria. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) is malnutrition assessment tool commonly used in older adults. This study aimed to determine prevalence of malnutrition and the relationship between the GLIM and the MNA long form (MNA‐LF) and short form (MNA‐SF) and energy‐protein intake.MethodsA total of 252 older adult outpatients (aged 68.0 years, 61% females) were included. Malnutrition was defined according to the GLIM, MNA‐LF, and MNA‐SF. Food intake was assessed using the 24‐h dietary recall. We analyzed the cutoff value on the MNA‐LF score, MNA‐SF score, and energy‐protein intake for GLIM criteria–defined malnutrition severity with receiver operating characteristic analysis.ResultsMalnutrition was present in 32.2%, 12.7%, and 13.1% of patients according to the GLIM criteria, MNA‐LF, and MNA‐SF, respectively. It was determined that 92.7% and 89.0% of patients, based on GLIM criteria, had malnutrition with the MNA‐LF and MNA‐SF, respectively. The daily energy‐protein intake was less in patients with malnutrition according to GLIM, as in the MNA‐LF and MNA‐SF classifications (p < .05). For the MNA‐LF and MNA‐SF score, the cutoff value of 11 and 9 points for severe malnutrition (area under curve [AUC] 0.92; p < .001 and 0.90; p < .001), 22 and 11 points for moderate malnutrition (AUC 0.79; p < .001 and 0.76; p < .001) were determined.ConclusionAccording to GLIM criteria, one‐third of outpatient older adults were malnourished, whereas the prevalence was much lower applying both the MNA‐LF and the MNA‐SF.
High prevalence of pulmonary embolism prior to cancer therapies in patients with ovarian and endometrial cancers detected by contrast‐enhanced CT using D‐dimer as an index
Authors: Habu Yuji , Mitsuhashi Akira , Hanawa Shinsuke , Usui Hirokazu , Horikoshi Takuro , Uno Takashi , Shozu Makio 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the prevalence of pulmonary embolism (PE) before cancer therapies in patients with ovarian and endometrial cancers with enhanced computed tomography (CT) using D‐dimer (DD), and determine the optimal cut‐off level of DD.MethodsSince 2009, we have performed preoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) screening of patients with ovarian and endometrial cancer. For patients with DD levels of more than 1.0 μg/ml, enhanced CT images were obtained from the pulmonary apex to the foot to detect PE and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) simultaneously.ResultsAmong patients with ovarian cancer, 84 of 413 (20.3%) had VTEs (DVT alone, n = 31 [7.5%]; PE with or without DVT, n = 53 [12.8%]; PE alone, n = 12 [2.9%]). Among patients with endometrial cancer, 50 of 455 (11.0%) had VTEs (DVT alone, n = 19 [4.2%]; PE with or without DVT, n = 31 [6.8%], PE alone, n = 14 [3.1%]). The optimal cut‐off level of DD was estimated to be ≥1.5 and ≥1.2 μg/ml in ovarian and endometrial cancers, respectively.ConclusionOur study revealed a high prevalence of PE before cancer therapies in patients with ovarian and endometrial cancers by enhanced CT using DD.
Prognostic importance of dynamic changes in systemic inflammatory markers for patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Lin Jian‐Xian , Huang Ying‐Qi , Wang Zu‐Kai , Xie Jian‐Wei , Wang Jia‐Bin , Lu Jun , Chen Qi‐Yue , Cao Long‐Long , Lin Mi , Tu Ru‐Hong , Huang Ze‐Ning , Lin Ju‐Li , Li Ping , Huang Chang‐Ming , Zheng Chao‐Hui 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effect of dynamic changes in systemic inflammatory markers (SIM) on long‐term prognosis of patients with gastric cancer (GC).MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on the data of 2180 patients with GC who underwent radical gastrectomy in the Fujian medical university Union Hospital from January 2009 to December 2014. Changes in SIM between preoperatively and 1–6 months and 12 months postoperatively were reported.ResultsIn multivariate analysis, higher preoperative systemic inflammation score (pre‐SIS) was independent predictor of poor prognosis (p < 0.05). The optimal time of remeasurement was 12 months postoperatively, based on a longitudinal profile of SIS and accuracy in predicting 5‐year overall survival (OS) (area under the curve: 0.712 [95% confidence interval: 0.630–0.785]). According to the association between the conversion of SIS and OS, we classified patients into three risk groups. Kaplan–Meier curves showed significant differences in OS among risk groups. Further Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that only risk groups of SIS and pTNM stage were independent prognostic factors for OS.ConclusionThe efficacy of SIS in predicting prognosis 12 months after surgery is superior, and the elevation of SIS 12 months after surgery predicts poor prognosis.
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter Ultrasound for Raised Intracranial Pressure
Authors: Aletreby Waleed , Alharthy Abdulrahman , Brindley Peter G , Kutsogiannis Demetrios J. , Faqihi Fahad , Alzayer Waseem , Balhahmar Abdullah , Soliman Ibrahim , Hamido Hend , Alqahtani Saleh A , Karakitsos Dimitrios , Blaivas Michael 
Published: April 2021

Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) ultrasound is becoming increasingly more popular for estimating raised intracranial pressure (ICP). We performed a systematic review and analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of ONSD when compared to the standard invasive ICP measurement.MethodWe performed a systematic search of PUBMED and EMBASE for studies including adult patients with suspected elevated ICP and comparing sonographic ONSD measurement to a standard invasive method. Quality of studies was assessed using the QUADAS‐2 tool by two independent authors. We used a bivariate model of random effects to summarize pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). Heterogeneity was investigated by meta‐regression and sub‐group analyses.ResultsWe included 18 prospective studies (16 studies including 619 patients for primary outcome). Only one study was of low quality, and there was no apparent publication bias. Pooled sensitivity was 0.9 [95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.85–0.94], specificity was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.8–0.89), and DOR was 46.7 (95% CI: 26.2–83.2) with partial evidence of heterogeneity. The Area‐Under‐the‐Curve of the summary Receiver‐Operator‐Curve was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91–0.95, P < .05). No covariates were significant in the meta‐regression. Subgroup analysis of severe traumatic brain injury and parenchymal ICP found no heterogeneity. ICP and ONSD had a correlation coefficient of 0.7 (95% CI: 0.63–0.76, P < .05).ConclusionONSD is a useful adjunct in ICP evaluation but is currently not a replacement for invasive methods where they are feasible.
Disentangling the Temporal Dynamics of Nonthermal Electrons in Photoexcited Gold Nanostructures
Authors: O'Keeffe Patrick , Catone Daniele , Di Mario Lorenzo , Toschi Francesco , Magnozzi Michele , Bisio Francesco , Alabastri Alessandro , Proietti Zaccaria Remo , Toma Andrea , Della Valle Giuseppe , Paladini Alessandra 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe study of nonthermal electrons, generated upon photoexcitation of plasmonic nanostructures, plays a key role in a variety of contexts, from photocatalysis and energy conversion to photodetection and nonlinear optics. Their ultrafast relaxation and subsequent release of energy to a low energy distribution of thermalized hot electrons has been the subject of a myriad of papers, mostly based on femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (FTAS). However, the FTAS signal stems from a complex interplay of different contributions arising from both nonthermal and thermal electrons, making the disentanglement of the two a very challenging task, so far accomplished only in terms of numerical simulations. Here a combined approach is introduced, based on a post‐processing of the FTAS measurements guided by a reduced semiclassical model, the so‐called extended two‐temperature model, which has allowed the purely nonthermal contribution to the pump‐probe experimental map recorded for 2D arrays of gold nanoellipsoids to be isolated. This approach displays the intimate correlation between electron energy and probe photon energy on the ultrafast time‐scale of electron thermalization. It also sheds new light on the ultrafast transient optical response of gold nanostructures, and will help the development of optimized plasmonic configurations for nonthermal electrons generation and harvesting.
Large time behavior of solutions to a chemotaxis system with singular sensitivity and logistic source
Authors: Li Jiaqin , Li Zhongping 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we study the following chemotaxis system with singular sensitivity and logistic source
in a smooth bounded convex domain () with the non‐flux boundary, where . The boundedness of solutions has been proved in the case that , and r, satisfying (Zhao and Zheng, 2019). This paper mainly aims to give the large time behavior of bounded solutions and prove that the global classical solution will exponentially converge to as if μ is suitably large.