bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of Ki-67, Cornulin and ISG15 in non-involved mucosal surgical margins as predictive markers for relapse in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)
Authors: Govindaraj Padmanabha Kumar , Kallarakkal Thomas George , Mohd Zain Rosnah , Tilakaratne Wanninayake Mudiyanselage , Lew Huai Lin 
Published: December 2021

Background
Local relapse of oral squamous cell carcinoma in non-involved mucosal surgical margins indicated possibility of field alteration in the margins, which could be predicted with certain biomarkers. The objectives were to evaluate the expression of Ki-67, Cornulin and ISG15 in non-involved mucosal surgical margins and the association of clinicopathological prognosticators with local relapse in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods
Surgical margins from the study (relapse) group (n = 23), control (non-relapse) group (n = 32) and normal oral mucosa (n = 5) were immunohistochemically stained using Ki-67, Cornulin and ISG15 antibodies. Association between expression of markers and clinicopathological prognosticators with local relapse in oral squamous cell carcinoma was analyzed statistically.

Results
The study group surgical margins demonstrated significantly decreased Cornulin expression (p = 0.032). Low Cornulin expression was significantly associated with local relapse (p = 0.004) and non-tongue primary tumor (p = 0.013). Although not significantly associated with local relapse, expression of Ki-67 was significantly reduced in female patients (p = 0.041). Age above 57.5 years, Chinese & Indian ethnicity, alcohol consumption, epithelial dysplasia in surgical margins, and type III and IV patterns of invasion of tumor were also significantly related to local relapse. Regression analysis showed low expression of Cornulin (p = 0.018), and increased patient’s age (p = 0.008) were predictors of local relapse in oral squamous cell carcinoma, with 34-fold risk and 18-fold risk, respectively. Expression of Ki-67 and ISG15 did not show significant association with local relapse in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Conclusion
Low expression of Cornulin is an independent predictor of relapse in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Process evaluation of a pre-adolescent transdisciplinary health intervention for inter-generational outcomes
Authors: Arthur Keshni , Christofides Nicola , Nelson Gill 
Published: December 2021

Background
The CIrCLE of Life Initiative was implemented to 537 grade 6 learners and their parents, in five Government-run South African primary schools. The transdisciplinary intervention was intended to increase knowledge and skills on HIV and obesity. The study aim was to assess and report on the implementation process.

Methods
Data was collected on an adapted Proctor’s taxonomy of implementation outcomes, and to assess participants’ experiences. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through educator logbooks, researcher observations, and learner-parent workbooks.

Results
Differentiations between the various school contexts were observed. The process evaluation revealed high learner penetration (97.2%), but lower learner and parent exposure (44.3% and 55.5%, respectively). All educators thought that the intervention was a fit for both rural and urban schools, different socio-economic groups, and people of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. The intervention was perceived to be sustainable, and there were recommendations for adoption into the school curriculum and scale-up if found to be effective.

Conclusion
The process evaluation facilitated the assessment of the implementation outcomes, described its processes, and acknowledged fundamental characteristics that could justify variability in the intervention impact and outcomes. The value of process evaluations and their benefit to the science of implementation were demonstrated.
What is a “Good Life”: Protocol for a qualitative study to explore the viewpoint of older persons
Authors: Michel Hervé , Prévôt-Huille Hélène , Koster Raphaël , Ecarnot Fiona , Grange Zoé , Sanchez Stéphane 
Published: December 2021

Introduction
Over the last fifteen years, Living Labs have been on the rise in Europe to bridge the gap between service providers, and the needs of end-users, and to speed up innovation, particularly in the field of healthcare and ageing. Ageing tends to be considered by institutions as a set of risks to be managed for older persons, illustrated in particular via the concepts of “ageing well” or “successful ageing”. In this context, this project aims to define the meaning and the conditions for a good life from the point of view of older persons themselves, thereby improving institutions’ recognition and support of older persons’ ways of living well, rather than imposing a general definition of “successful ageing” based on functional capacity.

Methods and analysis
This qualitative study is designed as an action research underpinned by a Living-Lab approach to co-creation. The aims are to: define the conditions for a good life as accurately as possible with older persons (Step 1); share these findings with different healthcare and service providers to adjust existing services or create new ones (Step 2); and disseminate them more broadly within the regions under study and across the scientific community (Step 3). During Step 1, the features of a “good life” will be analysed in a socio-anthropological study based on semi-directed interviews and observations made in the homes of 70 elderly people living in a wide range of accommodation types and regions. In accordance with French legislation, and as confirmed by our formal Ethics Committee, this study does not require approval. The dissemination stage is integrated into the design of this action research, and notably will provide for the appropriation of research findings by the partners of this study, by setting up creativity sessions (Step 2) and by sharing the general findings through panel discussions bringing together regional and national stakeholders (Step 3).
Changes in attitudes to vaccination as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal study of older adults in the UK
Authors: Gallant Allyson J. , Nicholls Louise A. Brown , Rasmussen Susan , Cogan Nicola , Young David , Williams Lynn 
Published: December 2021

Background
The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines has brought an unprecedented focus on public attitudes to vaccines, with intention to accept a COVID-19 vaccine fluctuating during the pandemic. However, it is unclear how the pandemic may influence attitudes and behaviour in relation to vaccines in general. The aim of the current study is to examine older adults’ changes in vaccination attitudes and behaviour over the first year of the pandemic.

Methods
In February-March 2020 (before the first COVID-19 national lockdown in the UK), 372 older adults (aged 65+) provided sociodemographic information, self-reported influenza vaccine uptake, and completed two measures of vaccination attitudes: the 5C scale and the Vaccination Attitudes Examination Scale. One-year later, following rollout of COVID-19 vaccines to older adults, participants provided information on their COVID-19 and influenza vaccine uptake in the previous 12 months, and completed the 5C and VAX scales again. Paired samples t-tests were used to examine changes in vaccination attitudes over time.

Results
Almost all participants (98.7%) had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, and a significant increase in influenza uptake was identified (83.6% in 2020 to 91.6% in 2021). Complacency, mistrust of vaccine benefit, concerns about commercial profiteering, and constraints to vaccination had significantly decreased between Time 1 and Time 2, and collective responsibility had significant increased. However, calculation and worries about unforeseen future effects had increased, indicating that participants now perceived higher risks related to vaccination and were taking a more deliberative information-seeking approach.

Conclusion
The results show significant changes in vaccination attitudes across the pandemic. These changes suggest that while older adults became less complacent about the importance of vaccines, concerns about potential risks associated with vaccination increased. It will be important for public health communication to address these concerns for all vaccines offered to this group.
Archivo y documentalismo en la escena argentina. Campo minado de Lola Arias como experiencia de teatro documental
Authors: Arpes Marcela 
Published: December 2021

Dentro de los estudios teatrales la categoría teórica denominada «teatro documento» (Weiss [1968] 2017; Vezzero, 2017; Pavis, 1998) es una de las formas dramáticas contemporáneas menos indagadas. Habitualmente el estudio del teatro documento se inscribe dentro de una noción más general llamada «teatro político» (Piscator, 1976; Brecht [1948] 1983; Badiou, 2011, 2015; Pavis, 1998; Irazabal, 2004). Si bien puede considerarse que todo teatro en sí mismo es político, sin embargo, la noción teórica formulada por Erwin Piscator data de las primeras décadas del siglo XX. Piscator trasladó la teoría marxista al teatro y recogió sus ideas y experiencias en su libro Teatro Político publicado en 1929, allí el autor dedica todo un capítulo a las obras documentales, las cuales liga indefectiblemente a la filosofía del materialismo histórico. El teatro documento o documental puede considerarse un deslinde o una deriva de esta noción, al crearse en el linde entre la ficción y la realidad y trabajar especialmente con las ideas de archivo y documento o fuente primaria. Es también en Alemania donde se logra formalizar esta experiencia creativa sobre todo a partir del teatro y las ideas teóricas de Peter Weiss (1968). El teatro documento se enfrenta a la clásica definición de teatro dramático, confundido muchas veces con la denominación de docudrama, teatro histórico o biodrama, el teatro documental pretende no ser ficcional y además estar protagonizado por los propios involucrados en el acontecimiento que se teatraliza. Es decir, el valor documental radica en la apropiación de una historia real, en la activación semiótica de insumos teatrales (textos, fotos, proyecciones, vestuario, objetos, testimonios) que provienen de ese acontecimiento de la realidad y, además, en que es actuado por personas involucradas en ese hecho. En la Argentina, quien se siente y se reconoce inscripta en el linaje del teatro alemán de siglo XX y especialmente del de Weiss es la escritora, directora de teatro y cine y performer Lola Arias. En el presente artículo, analizaremos la presencia del teatro documental en su obra, pero especialmente en Campo minado (2016- 2020), obra que reúne en escena a tres veteranos argentinos y a tres marines ingleses para narrar y documentar la experiencia y los efectos traumáticos de la guerra de Malvinas.
Gambaran Tingkat Kecemasan dan Stres Kerja Tenaga Kesehatan Puskesmas Saat Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Priyatna Hendryk , Mu’in Muhammad , Naviati Elsa , Sudarmiati Sari 
Published: December 2021

Introduction: The rapid growth of number of COVID-19 cases every day has made the condition of health workers increasingly depressed. These conditions can affect the level of anxiety and work stress. A study involving health workers caring for Covid-19 patient showed anxiety symptoms and work stress experience. The existence of anxiety and work stress can have an impact on increasing work errors, deteriorating physical and mental conditions, reducing productivity and decreasing service’s quality. This study aims to describe the anxiety level and work stress of health workers during Covid-19 pandemic at the Public Health Center (Puskesmas). Methods: This research was a descriptive survey study with 156 respondents from nine Puskesmas obtained through cluster and quota sampling calculation. Data was taken using Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42) and workplace Stress Scale (WSS) questionnaires which distributed via google form. Results: The results of this study obtained 16.7% of Puskesmas health workers experience anxiety consisting of 5.8% mild, 7.7% moderate, 2.6% severe and 0.6% very severe anxiety. Meanwhile, the work stress study obtained as many as 68.7% experience work stress, consisting of low 35.3%, moderate 27.6%, and heavy work stress 5.8%. Conclusion: Failure to manage anxiety and work stress can have a negative impact on mental health and can even endanger the lives of health workers. The findings in this study indicate risk for mental health disorders for health workers due to the Covid-19 pandemic. So it is necessary for relevant agencies and also individual itself, to manage anxiety and work stress.
Company Ownership Structure, Legal Compliance and the Probability of Winning an Employment Lawsuit in China
Authors: Ke Zhenxing 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This paper investigates empirically whether firm ownership structures contribute to varying levels of legal compliance, which ultimately influence the likelihood of winning a lawsuit. I hypothesize that private companies are more likely to lose employment lawsuits because the rule of law within the company is rarely established. Using collected 2756 employment judgments decided by district courts in Beijing between 2014 and 2018, I test this hypothesis against three other types of ownership structures in China: state-owned enterprises, wholly foreign-funded companies, and partly foreign-funded companies. The statistical result confirms that private companies are more likely to lose cases, thus supporting the proposed hypothesis. In addition, the company’s scale and the company’s life span also have a significant influence on the employment lawsuit result.
Vicarious Liability Under a Strict Liability Rule
Authors: Chun Se-Hak , Kim Jeong-Yoo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this article, we extend the model of Newman, H., and D. Wright. 1990. “Strict Liability in a Principal-Agent Model.” International Review of Law and Economics 10: 219–231 and strengthens their result that the strict liability can attain social optimum in a principal-agent relation to the situation in which the court appreciates any contractual terms regarding apportionment of damages between an employer and an employee under vicarious liability rule. Our model also generalizes and extends vicarious liability to the negligence-based liability rule.
Noteworthy occurrences among six marine species documented with community engagement in the Canadian Arctic
Authors: Mc Nicholl Darcy G. , Harris Les N. , Loewen Tracey , May Peter , Tran Lilian , Akeeagok Russell , Methuen Kevin , Lewis Christopher , Jeppesen Rebecca , Illasiak Steve , Green Brandon , Koovaluk Joseph , Annahatak Zebedee , Kapakatoak John , Kaosoni Nathan , Hainnu Benjamin , Maksagak Beverly , Reist James D. , Dunmall Karen M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Arctic marine ecosystems are changing, one aspect of which appears to be distributional expansions of sub-arctic species. For Arctic marine systems, there is limited occurrence information for many species, especially those found in restricted habitats (e.g., ice-covered, far north, or deep-water). Increasing observations through on-going Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) community-based monitoring programs (e.g., Arctic Coast, Cambridge Bay Arctic Char stock assessment, Arctic Salmon, and Kugluktuk coastal surveys), community observation networks, and local media have augmented opportunities to document new occurrences of marine fishes. Combined data from historical records and contemporary observations at the local scale can then delineate these among three types of occurrences: gradual distributional expansion, episodic vagrants, and rare endemics. Here we document nine occurrences of unusual sightings across six fish species (Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha, Bering Wolffish Anarhichas orientalis, Greenland Shark Somniosus microcephalus, Broad Whitefish Coregonus nasus, Banded Gunnel Pholis fasciata and Salmon Shark Lamna ditropis) from six northern Canadian communities and classify the nature of each observation as rare, vagrant, or expanding distributions. Uniting scientific and local observations represents a novel approach to monitor distributional changes suitable for a geographically large but sparsely populated area such as the Canadian Arctic. The new occurrences are important for discerning the potential effects of the presence of these species in Arctic ecosystems. These observations more broadly will build on our understanding of northern biodiversity change associated with warming Arctic environments.
Migration strategies supporting salmonids in Arctic Rivers: A case study of Arctic Cisco and Dolly Varden
Authors: Carey Michael P. , von Biela Vanessa R. , Brown Randy J. , Zimmerman Christian E. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Amphidromous fish such as Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) and Arctic Cisco (Coregonus autumnalis) have distinct life histories that facilitate their success in Arctic environments. Both species spawn in freshwater and make annual migrations between marine, brackish, or freshwater environments. Dolly Varden rear for one or more years in freshwater before migrating to sea whereas Arctic Cisco migrate to sea during their first summer. By contrast, Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) spawn in freshwater, but once they smolt and go to sea they remain there until they mature and return to spawn. Salmon migrate at variable ages depending on species. Arctic marine environments offer productive food resources during summer, but during winter they are too cold for salmonids that lack antifreeze proteins. To avoid the cold sea during winter, Dolly Varden return to freshwater while Arctic Cisco overwinter in brackish estuaries. The lack of migration back to freshwater for overwintering helps explain why Pacific salmon success is limited in Arctic waters and suggests major increases in success will not be realized until Arctic seas provide suitable overwinter conditions. In this paper we contrast these migration strategies, discuss potential changes in a warming Arctic, and highlight information needs especially for juvenile fish.
Future of the General Catalogue of Variable Stars from the Experience of Recent Name-lists
Authors: Samus Nikolay N. , Kazarovets Elena V. , Durlevich Olga V. , Kireeva Natalia N. , Pastukhova Elena N. , Khruslov Anton V. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
We briefly outline the history of the General Catalogue of Variable Stars (GCVS) and the New Catalogue of Suspected Variable Stars (NSV catalogue). Recently, we have completed a revision of the NSV catalogue. Positional information was checked for all its stars and, in many cases, new photometric data were added. As a result, one third of all NSV stars have been transferred to the GCVS. Having determined equatorial coordinates for variable stars in globular star clusters, we began to add them to the GCVS. Two Name-lists published so far contain more than 1700 variable stars in 36 globular clusters; an additional Name-list (about 900 variable stars in 27 globular clusters) will be published before the end of 2021. We discuss problem cases in the literature and in the Catalogue of Variable Stars in Galactic Globular Clusters revealed during our preparation of the Name-lists. The future of traditional catalogues of variable stars (GCVS; AAVSO Variable-star Data Index VSX) is discussed.
A “Fabulous Monster” and a “Wonderful Boy:” Gender and the Elusive Victorian Child in theAliceBooks andPeter Pan
Authors: Frenzel Friederike 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLewis Carroll’s “Alice in Wonderland” and “Through the Looking-Glass,” and J. M. Barrie’s “Peter Pan” are highly critiqued and explored works of British children literature. Both queer and hermeneutic readings allow approaches that intrinsically question gender dichotomies, providing tools to pick out underlying themes. Thus, focusing on the concepts of the “child hero” and the “genderless child” of Carroll’s and Barrie’s respective Victorian and Edwardian backgrounds, spatial – the dream worlds of the Wonder- and the Looking-Glass land, the colonized Island of Neverland – as well as temporal aspects – the linear, episodic quest of Alice, the immortal, cyclical existence of Peter – point to the subversive elements of play, memory, and narration in the texts. While Alice is bridging dream and reality in an oscillating, paradoxical act of self-aware transformation, Peter is otherworldly and inhuman himself, actively rejecting heteronormative standards and demands. Both are trespassers and assume roles, and confuse, adapt, and bend supposedly fixed rules. Their transgressions are subdued in the pretended ahistoricity of children’s storytelling, referring to the responsibility of adaptions to further expand the hermeneutical circle.
Potential CO2 forcing and Asian summer monsoon precipitation trends during the last 2,000 years
Authors: Ren Weihe , Li Quan , Qin Feng , Yi Guitian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Holocene records for the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) indicate that, apart for the last 2,000 years (“2 kyr shift”), solar insolation was the dominant factor controlling the monsoon climate. The aim of this review is to provide a synopsis of climate characteristics over the last 2 kyr, clarifying mechanisms for the diverse trend with Northern Hemisphere Summer Insolation (NHSI) records. Here, we initially review proxy-based climate reconstructions for the last 2 kyr, and then compare them with records from the last five interglacial periods. Finally, we examine potential physical mechanisms responsible for the “2 kyr shift.” Findings from this review indicate that the “2 kyr shift” is a representative pattern of Holocene climate change within the core area of the ASM, and the “2 kyr shift” could be mainly controlled by changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration. In addition, suggestions to address a more humid condition dominating the Asian monsoonal margin zones are offered.
Energy and Law. A Critical Approach to the Cuban Context
Authors: Luis Cordova José Grabiel , Dueñas Rodríguez Ailín , Byttebier Koen , Delgado Triana Yanelys 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This research is aimed at studying the main deficiencies of the legal framework for energy in Cuba. Throughout this article, theoretical, legal and practical foundations are sought that make it possible to demonstrate the need for a legal system that is adapted to the Cuban reality and that regulates the most important elements related to the generation, distribution and commercialisation of energy. The theoretical analysis finds its starting point in the analysis of the energy as an object of legal regulation and its legal nature is dealt with. This constitutes a platform for the study of the energy legal framework in Cuba, where topics such as the current energy situation in Cuba, its commitment to sustainable development and the main institutions that govern energy in the country are presented. Finally, the article presents a comprehensive and critical analysis regarding the main deficiencies of energy legal regulation in Cuba. The exhaustive analysis of energy legislation in this area will make it possible to address the objectives set out at the beginning of the research.
Determination of chemical shifts in 6-condensed syringylic lignin model compounds
Authors: Lagerquist Lucas , Rahkila Jani , Eklund Patrik 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
A small library of 6-substituted syringyl model compounds with aliphatic, carboxylic, phenylic, benzylic alcohols and brominated substituents were prepared. The influence of the substituents on the chemical shifts of the compounds was analyzed. All of model compounds showed a characteristic increase in the 13C NMR chemical shift of the methoxy group vicinal to the substitution. This 13C NMR peak and its corresponding correlation peak in HSQC could potentially be used to identify 6-condensation in syringylic lignin samples.