bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are magicians specialists at identifying deceptive motion? The role of expertise in being fooled by sleight of hand.
Authors: Garcia-Pelegrin Elias , Wilkins Clive , Clayton Nicola 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The use of magic effects to investigate the blind spots in the attention and perception and roadblocks in the cognition of the spectator has yielded thought-provoking results elucidating how these techniques operate. However, little is known about the interplay between experience practising magic and being deceived by magic effects. In this study, we performed two common sleight of hand effects and their real transfer counterparts to non-magicians, and to magicians with a diverse range of experience practising magic. Although, as a group, magicians identified the sleights of hand as deceptive actions significantly more than non-magicians; this ability was only evidenced in magicians with more than 5 years in the craft. However, unlike the rest of the participants, experienced magicians had difficulty correctly pinpointing the location of the coin in one of the real transfers presented. We hypothesise that this might be due to the inherent ambiguity of this transfer, in which, contrary to the other real transfer performed, no clear perceptive clue is given about the location of the coin. We suggest that extensive time practising magic might have primed experienced magicians to anticipate foul play when observing ambiguous movements, even when the actions observed are genuine.
Multiple Primary Cancer and Survival After Lumpectomy with or without Radiotherapy for Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: A Propensity-Score-Matching Study
Authors: Li Yitong , Ouyang Dengjie , Chen Qitong , Hong Tao , Yi Wenjun 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Radiotherapy combined with breast-conserving surgery is widely performed in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). This research was conducted to evaluate the use of radiotherapy to reduce the risk of multiple primary cancer (MPC) and mortality in DCIS patients. Methods: 108,416 patients first diagnosed with DCIS between 1998 and 2015 who received lumpectomy in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 database were included. Age, race, year of diagnosis, laterality, pathologic grade, surgery, radiation, estrogen receptor status, progesterone receptor status, tumor size and vital status were extracted. A comparison of lumpectomy vs. lumpectomy plus radiotherapy was performed using 1:1 propensity score-based matching. Results: Of the 108,416 patients, 39,039 patients were treated with lumpectomy alone, and 69,377 were treated with lumpectomy and radiotherapy. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for death was 0.801 and 0.7444 for occurrence of MPC in the lumpectomy and radiotherapy vs. lumpectomy alone groups, respectively. Conclusion: Lumpectomy plus radiotherapy is associated with a significant reduction in mortality and risk of MPC, mainly second primary BC. Younger patients, Black women with high-grade tumors were likely to benefit most. Radiotherapy reduced the risk of occurrence rather than the mortality of MPC patients to reduce the overall mortality.
Jiao-Tai-Wan Ameliorates the Insulin Resistance and Lipid Metabolism in T2DM Rats by Regulating Neurotransmitters
Authors: Chen Jianhua , Jing Ziqi , Wang Xue , Li Chu , Li Yanyi , Li Zhihui , Ma Pengkai , Zhang Yujie 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, and accompanied by neuroendocrine disorders. Recently, Jiao-Tai-Wan (JTW) has been reported to exert hypoglycemic effects against diabetes. However, its mechanism has not been clarified. Therefore, we attempted to explore the effect of JTW on alleviating insulin resistance and lipid metabolism disorder in T2DM rats by regulating the level of neurotransmitters. Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were treated with a high-fat diet/streptozotocin to induce T2DM and then gavaged with JTW for 4 weeks. Afterwards, endpoints including body weight, fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance, serum insulin, and lipid index were determined, and we analyzed pathological changes in the liver and kidney. Meanwhile, the level of neurotransmitter neurotransmitters in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues was measured by UPLC-MS/MS. Furthermore, the expression of neurotransmitter transporter mRNA and protein levels in the brain and kidney of T2DM rats was analyzed by qRT-PCR and WB. Results: The results showed that JTW ameliorated glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, and lipid metabolism in T2DM rats by regulating the disorder of neurotransmitter distribution in the brain, kidney, intestine, adrenal gland, blood, and urine of T2DM rats. Mechanically, JTW may improve neurotransmitter disturbance by reducing mRNA and protein expression of SERT, DAT, and GAT-1 and increasing mRNA and protein expression of NET in the brain and kidney of T2DM rats.Conclusion: Our findings confirm that JTW can play a hypoglycemic role by regulating the disorder level of neurotransmitter distribution in T2DM rats, which may have potential therapeutic implications for the treatment of T2DM.
Analysis of Correlation Between Coronary Tortuosity and Calcification Score
Authors: Li Min , Wang Zhen-Wei , Fang Li-Juan , Cheng Shou-Quan , Wang Xin , Liu Nai-Feng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Coronary artery tortuosity (CAT) is regarded as a variation of vascular anatomy, and its relationship with coronary artery calcification (CAC) score is still not well clarified. Studying the correlation between coronary artery calcification scores and CAT to determine specific prevention and intervention populations seems to have more meaningful.Methods: The study is a cross-sectional retrospective study, including 1280 patients with tortuous coronary artery. CAT is defined as the presence of at least three consecutive curvatures of more than 45°measured during systole or diastole of a major epicardial coronary artery. Multivariable regression analysis was used to adjust the clinical parameters directly affecting CAT.Results: Of these individuals, 445 (35%) were evaluated having CAT, of which females are higher than males (59.1% vs. 40.9%). Moderate CAC score (101-400) (odds ratio (OR) 1.49, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.05-2.10, P=0.025) revealed significantly associated with CAT on univariable analysis. However, multivariable analysis after adjusting for confounding factors only indicated that CAT was positively correlated with female (OR 1.60, 95%CI 1.22-2.10, P=0.001), hypertension (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.03-1.74, P=0.028), and age (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.03, P=0.001), while was negatively associated with body mass index (BMI) > 28 (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.32-0.70, P<0.0001). Further analysis stratified by gender showed that compared with non-CAT, CAT was significantly linked with moderate CAC score (OR 1.79, 95% CI 1.00-3.20, P=0.048), hypertension (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.07-2.22, P=0.021), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.07-3.24, P=0.028), while was negatively related to BMI > 28 (OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.31-0.84, P<0.008) in female patients.Conclusions: CAT is more likely to be found in females, connected with hypertension, age, and BMI. No significant correlation is found between the presence of tortuosity and calcium score or diameter stenosis on multivariable analysis. Whereas the CAT is associated with moderate CAC score in correlation analysis when women are selected as the main group.
R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor Family in Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich: Potential Associations between Cd2+ Stress and Flavonoid Metabolism
Authors: Feng Xinkang , Abubakar Aminu Shehu , Chen Kunmei , Yu Chunming , Zhu Aiguo , Chen Jikang , Gao Gang , Wang Xiaofei , Mou Pan , Chen Ping 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The characterization of gene families especially MYB being the largest transcription factor (TFs) families in plants is a crucial step for functional studies. The completion of ramie genome sequencing provides a great opportunity to investigate the organization and evolutionary traits of ramie MYB genes at the genome-wide level. Results: A total of 105 BnGR2R3-MYB genes were identified in ramie and divided into 35 distinct subfamilies according to phylogeny divergence and sequences similarity. These genes were unevenly distributed among 14 chromosomes. Collinearity analysis showed that the segmental and tandem duplication events is the dominant form of the gene family expansion, and duplications prominent in distal telomeric regions. 88 BnGR2R3-MYB genes showed syntenic relationship with those in Apocynum venetum, followed by Cannabis sativa (58), Arabidopsis (53), maize (8) and rice (4). 103 of the 105 BnGMYB proteins were predicted nuclear subcellular, the remaining two were in either chloroplast or cytoplasm. The combination of transcriptome data and phylogenetic tree allows us to propose some powerful MYB candidates that might be involved in the regulation of secondary wall-associated cellulose synthases (BnGMYB14) secondary cell wall thickening (BnGMYB66/67) and flavonoids synthesis (BnGMYB60). The MYBs subgroups involve in regulating anthocyanin were different from arabidopsis and tomato pointing that BnGMYB in other groups play a role in regulating anthocyanin synthesis. qPCR results revealed 8 MYB TFs candidate genes for cadmium stress in ramie. There was an increased in synthesis of procyanidins under the cadmium stress, which suggest a new regulatory pathway in response to the stress. The predicted network identifies the interface between flavonoid metabolic pathways and adversity stress, and found evidence for the involvement of flavonoid synthetic pathways in the stress regulation.Conclusions: This work provides a basic understanding of BnGR2R3-MYB gene family characteristics and provides valuable information that may contribute in improving the tolerance of ramie to cadmium stress and fiber quality.
What Hinders Twin Mothers From Breastfeeding - A Qualitative Study of Chinese Women
Authors: Ren Lijie , Yang Yan , Yu Zhichao , Liu Fang , Shao Qinwen , Sun Xianghong 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Objective

To explore the difficulties of twin mothers in breastfeeding and the factors that promote breastfeeding, so as to develop interventions to improve the breastfeeding rate of twin mothers.
Methods

Semi-structured interviews were used to interview women with twin pregnancy experience.
Results

We found that twin pregnancy itself was an obstacle to breastfeeding. Lack of breastfeeding knowledge guidance, separation of mother and newborns, poor maternal and child health conditions and the convenience of breast milk substitutes also hindered the implementation of breastfeeding for women with twin pregnancy. On the other hand, the emotional support of family members, proper breastfeeding guidance, sufficient breast milk production and economic pressure were the main factors that promote the breastfeeding of women with twin pregnancy.
Conclusion

To promote the breastfeeding of women with twin pregnancy needs the support of family, society and policy. Breastfeeding education should be extended to prenatal care and the primary caregiver of the new mother, and timely guidance should be provided after delivery to achieve satisfactory breast milk production.
Targeting ADAR1 with a Novel Small-Molecule for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Xiao , Li Jiaxing , Zhu Yasheng , Zeng Ting , Ding Jiayu , Min Wenjian , Huang Fei , Liang Shunqing , Yuan Kai , Kuang Wenbin , Ji Minghui , Sun Chengliang , Hou Yi , Wang Liping , Jiang Yuzhang , Hao Haiping , Xiao Yibei , Yang Peng 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Despite initial response to androgen signaling therapy, most prostate cancer (PCa) patients eventually relapse and remain incurable. ADAR1-mediated A-to-G editing plays oncogenic roles in various tumors. However, the specific function of ADAR1 and the global RNA edited targets governing PCa progression remain underexplored. Here, we demonstrate that highly expressed ADAR1 as a crucial oncogenic target in PCa, and develop a novel small-molecule ADAR1 inhibitor ZYS-1 with significant anti-tumor efficacy and favorable safety profile. Either depletion or pharmacological inhibition of ADAR1 dramatically suppress PCa growth, inhibit metastasis, and potentiate immune response. We further reveal that the translation of MTDH is repressed by ADAR1 in an editing-dependent manner, which drives cell proliferation and invasion in PCa. Collectively, these results shed light on ADAR1 as a novel druggable target in PCa therapy and highlight the widespread applicability of ADAR1 inhibitors for a broad spectrum of malignancies.
Impact of Femoral Stem Prosthesis Tip On Femoral Cortex After Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA)
Authors: Zhang Yang , Wang Qiang , Cheng Qi , Wang Dasai , Cheng Jian , Wang Chao , Li Congming , Chen Pingbo , Wu Yongzhi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: The mechanisms of pain after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is not clear, which may be related to its impact on the femoral cortex caused by improper prosthesis placement. This study was to explore the the impact of the femoral stem prosthesis on the femoral cortex after implantation, and its relationship with postoperative thigh pain. Methods: Totally 172 patients who underwent primary THA were retrospectively analyzed, who were divided into the impact (n=25) and non-impact (n=147) groups. Contact or penetration of the femoral stem prosthesis tip with the distal femoral cortex was defined as impingement. Patients were followed up and recorded.Results: In the patients undergoing primary THA, 25 patients (14.5%) had impact, including 7 males and 18 females. Most of the patients in the impact group were women of small stature. In the impact group, the postoperative thigh pain was more obvious, and the Harris Hip score (HHS) was lower, compared with the non-impact group (P < 0.05). The regression analysis showed that height (OR=1.196; 95%CI: 1.059-1.351; P=0.004) and prosthesis implant angle (PIA) (OR=0.208; 95%CI: 0.074-0.584; P=0.003) were important risk factors for distal femoral cortical impingement in patients who underwent THA. Conclusions: Patients with short stature should have adequate preoperative planning for primary THA, to prevent increased risk of postoperative thigh pain due to impinging femoral stem implants.
Brain Transcriptome of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Tourette Syndrome Defines Common Targetable Inflammatory Pathways Involving Cytokines, Complement, and Kinase Signalling
Authors: Alshammery Sarah , Patel Shrujna , Jones Hannah F , Han Velda X , Gloss Brian S , Gold Wendy A , Dale Russell C 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundNeurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism-spectrum disorders (ASD) and Tourette syndrome (TS) are common brain conditions which often co-exist, however current management focuses on symptom mitigation, with no approved treatments targeting disease mechanisms. There is accumulating literature implicating the immune system in NDDs, and transcriptomics of post-mortem brain tissue from individuals with NDDs has revealed an inflammatory signal. MethodsWe interrogated two RNA-sequencing datasets of ASD and TS (compared to age-matched controls) and identified the top 1000 differentially expressed genes, to explore commonly enriched pathways using an over-representation analysis through GO, KEGG and Reactome.ResultsIn the ASD analysis, the top 1000 DEGs enriched 754 GO terms (all upregulated), 55 KEGG pathways (54 upregulated), and 109 Reactome pathways (all upregulated), involving inflammation, cytokines, complement, cell signalling and epigenetic regulation. In the TS analysis, the top 1000 DEGs enriched 419 GO terms (416 upregulated), 56 KEGG pathways (all upregulated), and 28 Reactome (all upregulated) pathways, including inflammation, cytokines, signal transduction and immune response to stimuli. Of the top 1000 DEGs from the ASD and TS analyses, 133 DEGs were shared. Interaction networks of the common protein-coding DEGs using STRING revealed 5 central up-regulated hub genes: CSF2RB, HCK, HCLS1, LCP2 and PLEK, which are all kinases involved in cell signalling. Applying KEGG and Reactome analysis to these common DEGs identified pathways involving interleukins, complement activation, and cell signalling pathways. ConclusionsThese findings bring new evidence of shared inflammation in ASD and TS, and provide therapeutic opportunities targeting inflammation, epigenetic machinery, and cell signalling including kinases.
Formation and Transformation Trends of Metal Carbonates With Cation Ratio and Ion Interaction in Post-treatment Process of Desalination Brine
Authors: Kim Injun , Park Jinwon , Yoo Yunsung 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundTo address the negative effects of desalination plants, CO2 emissions, and discharge of desalination brine, we studied the carbon capture utilization (CCU) process based on metal carbonation via the reuse of desalination brine. In this study, we converted CO2 and simulated desalination brine into metal carbonate using monoethanolamine as an aqueous absorbent. The produced metal carbonate varied according to the cation component of the simulated desalination brine. We focused on ion interactions in the aqueous system, occurred by cation ratio, and other phenomena caused by the interactions.ResultsWe determined that the common ion effect, which occurred owing to the ion interactions of the system, was the main reason for the various carbonation trends. Ionic atmospheres that were changed by the ionic components significantly affected the trends. The high salinity of the desalination brine also affected the metal carbonation. We further deduced that the variation in the results was derived from interactions between the abovementioned effects. And we also found that Na+, which was overlooked in former studies about polymorph transformation, also affects polymorph transformation.ConclusionsAll the phenomena in the metal carbonation interrupt desalination brine post-treatment because of their unpredictability. However, we suggest ambient estimation of its cation components, which would help future studies and demonstrate desalination brine post-treatment.
Soluble CCR2 Gene Therapy Controls Joint Inflammation, Cartilage Damage, and the Progression of Osteoarthritis by Targeting MCP-1
Authors: Na Hyun Sik , Lee Seon-Yeong , Lee Dong Hwan , Woo Jin Seok , Cho Keun-Hyung , Kim Seon Ae , Go Eun Jeong , Lee A Ram , Choi Jeong-Won , Kim Seok Jung , Cho Mi-La 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of degenerative arthritis and affects the entire joint, causing pain, joint inflammation, and cartilage damage. Various risk factors are implicated in causing OA, and in recent years, a lot of research and interest have been directed toward chronic low-grade inflammation in OA. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1; also called CCL2) acts through C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) in monocytes and is a chemotactic factor of monocytes that plays an important role in the initiation of inflammation. The targeting of CCL2–CCR2 is being studied as part of various topics including the treatment of OA.Methods: In this study, we evaluated the potential therapeutic effects the sCCR2 E3 gene may exert on OA. The effects of sCCR2 E3 were investigated in animal experiments consisting of intra-articular injection of sCCR2 E3 in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA rat model. The effects after intra-articular injection of sCCR2 E3 (fusion protein encoding 20 amino acids of the E3 domain of the CCL2 receptor) in a monosodium iodoacetate-induced OA rat model were compared to those in rats treated with empty vector (mock treatment) and full-length sCCR2.Results: Pain improved with expression of the sCCR2 gene. Improved bone resorption upon sCCR2 E3 gene activation was confirmed via bone analyses using micro-computed tomography. Histologic analyses showed that the sCCR2 E3 gene exerted protective effects against cartilage damage and anti-inflammatory effects on joints and the intestine.Conclusions: These results show that sCCR2 E3 therapy is effective in reducing pain severity, inhibiting cartilage destruction, and suppressing intestinal damage and inflammation. Thus, sCCR2 E3 may be a potential therapy for OA.
Substance P Enhances Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)-associated Autophagy and Reduces Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis.
Authors: Chen Fa-Xiu , Hu Jian , Fang Jing , Li Qing-Ling , Wan Qin , Peng Le 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
BackgroundAnthracyclines, including doxorubicin, are some of the most potent anticancer drugs available. However, the use of doxorubicin as a chemotherapeutic agent is severely hindered by dose-limiting toxicity, particularly cardiotoxicity, while degrading other organ systems. Despite years of use and the number of details published on this drug, the understanding of its cellular mechanisms remains limited. MethodCardiomyocyte grouping was carried out, where H9C2 cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into a control group, a myocardial model group, an SP group, and an SP antagonist group. For replication in animal models, twelve rats were similarly randomly assigned into a control group, a myocardial model group, an SP group, and an SP antagonist group. Except for the control group, the rats in the other groups were modelled: the rats were injected with adriamycin solution. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis, while HE staining, TUNEL stain, Western Blot detection, and transmission electron microscopy were performed to detect autophagy levels accordingly. All the results were analysed and carefully interpreted. Resultshe tachykinin, substance P, is located mainly in sensory nerves and in the heart, where substance P-containing nerve fibres are often found around coronary vessels, making them ideally situated to detect changes in the myocardial environment. Apoptosis and autophagy are genetically regulated, evolutionary-conserved processes that regulate cell fate and are important for development, normal physiology, and a wide range of diseases. Recent studies show that despite the significant differences between these two processes, their regulation is closely connected and certain regulators are able to control both apoptosis and autophagy. ConclusionsIn this study, the influence of substance P was discussed, providing possible molecular mechanisms for crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy mediating heart failure due to doxorubicin therapy. Trial registration﻿(20192BBGL7D031) 2019-09-17.