bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sodium Arsenite Induces Bronchial Epithelial Cell Cancer With Mitochondrial Dysfunction by Affecting Cell Cycle
Authors: Liu Rong , Deng Zifeng , Lin Mo , Ruan Fengkai , Luo Guangping , Luo Zhen , Dou Liangding , Wang Lei , Qiu Guihua , Huang Zhi , Hou Xin , Yao Youliang , Zhang Yongxing 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Arsenide, a kind of pollution widely existing in the environment, and the mechanism of occurrence and development of lung cancer leading by long-term arsenic exposure still needs further research up to present. We investigated how high and low doses of arsenic induce human bronchial epithelial cell transformation and the molecular mechanisms involvedMethods: After exposing human bronchial epithelial cells(Beas-2B) to different doses of sodium arsenite for 24 h, RNA-seq analysis was performed to detect arsenic-regulated genes; for cell viability and status and for cell cycle changes and mitochondrial function; long-term exposure to 1μM sodium arsenite after 20 consecutive passages for cell cycle changes and mitochondrial function.Results: In the study, human bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to varying high-dose sodium arsenite in short term or treated with low dose in a long term, and the data showed that both short and long terms treatment promoted G1/S transition of Beas-2B cells, inducing significant increases of expression of AKAP95, cyclin D1, cyclin D2 and cyclin E1. However, silencing AKAP95 by treating cells with siAKAP95 showed a protective function that inhibited G1/S transition, suggesting that regulatory mechanism of AKAP95 on cell cycle during cell malignant transformation induced by sodium arsenite. In addition, we also noticed some mitochondrial dysfunctions occurred during sodium arsenite exposure, including the disappearance of mitochondrial double membrane structure, the formation of vacuole structure, the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, the change of expression levels of mitochondrial related proteins Tim22, Tim23, Tom40 and OPA1, the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the decrease of reduced glutathione.Beas-2B cells, which exposed to low-dose sodium arsenite for a long term, were subcultured for 20 generations, and it was found that the exposure time was positively proportional to the growth and migration rate of cells. The exposed cells were used in tumor bearing transplantation experiment (mice), and results showed that the longer the exposure time, the faster the tumor volume growth rate of As-Beas-2B cells. Tumor tissues were taken out for HE staining, and it was found that the cell morphology changed and the volume increasedConclusion: high and low doses of sodium arsenite induced malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells by promoting G1/S turnover through AKAP95 with associated cyclins, accompanied by the development of mitochondrial dysfunction.
Efficacy and Safety of Bivalirudin Versus Heparin Anticoagulation Therapy for Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Meta-Analysis
Authors: Gu Jie , Yu Hongjie , Lin Dang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin versus heparin as the anticoagulant in patients undergoing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO).
Methods

We conducted a search in PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library for all the studies in which bivalirudin was compared to heparin as the anticoagulant for ECMO. Efficacy outcomes were defined as the time to reach therapeutic levels, time within therapeutic range (TTR), thrombotic events, circuit thrombosis, circuit exchanges. Safety outcomes were reported as Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT), major bleeding events, minor bleeding events. Other outcomes included hospital length of stay (LOS), ICU LOS, mortality, 30-day mortality and in-hospital mortality.
Results

Ten studies were included, involving 1091 patients (Bivalirudin was administered in 405 patients while 686 patients were treated with heparin). A significant reduction in thrombotic events [OR 0.51, 95%CI 0.36,0.73, p=0.0002, I2=0%], major bleeding events [OR 0.31, 95%CI 0.10,0.92, p=0.04, I2=75%] and in-hospital mortality [OR 0.63, 95%CI 0.44,0.89, p=0.009, I2=0%] treated with bivalirudin were found compared with heparin. There were no significant differences between groups regarding the time to reach therapeutic levels[MD 3.53, 95%CI -4.02,11.09, p=0.36, I2=49%], TTR[MD 8.64, 95%CI -1.72,18.65, p=0.10, I2=77%], circuit exchanges[OR 0.92, 95%CI 0.27,3.12, p=0.90, I2=38%], Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)[OR 0.25, 95%CI 0.02,2.52, p=0.24, I2=0%], minor bleeding events[OR 0.93, 95%CI 0.38,2.29, p=0.87, I2=0%], hospital LOS[MD -2.93, 95%CI -9.01,3.15, p=0.34, I2=45%], ICU LOS[MD -4.22, 95%CI -10.07,1.62, p=0.16, I2=0%], mortality[OR 1.84, 95%CI 0.58,5.85, p=0.30, I2=60%] and 30-day mortality[OR 0.75, 95%CI 0.38,1.48, p=0.41, I2=0%]. The benefit of bivalirudin over heparin was not significant for patients undergoing ECMO for major bleeding events while ruling out the Rivosecchi’s study (OR 0.44, 95%CI 0.71-1.14). Subgroup analysis by patient’s type revealed that studies in children generated lower rate of thrombotic events and major bleeding events compared with adults.
Conclusion

Our meta-analysis suggests that bivalirudin use as the anticoagulant for ECMO are associated with lower thrombotic events, major bleeding events and in-hospital mortality. Meanwhile, the differences are more pronounced in children than adults. However, the results should be interpreted with caution and further larger, randomized trials are needed to confirm the results.
Midgut-Specific Expression of P450 Gene Increases Deltamethrin Tolerance in The Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera Frugiperda
Authors: Palli Subba Reddy , Chen Xien 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The piggyBac-based germline transformation system was recently established in a global agricultural pest, the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda. Tissue-specific promoters are needed to apply this transformation system to express transgenes in a tissue-specific manner. Highly expressed genes in the midgut were identified by RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR. Promoter regions of 11 genes highly expressed in the midgut were identified and cloned. Baculoviruses expressing the luciferase under the control of these promoters were produced and tested in the FAW. These baculoviruses did not show significant luciferase activity in the FAW midgut. Four transgenic FAW lines, expressing the luciferase under the control of SfSP38/P2000, SfCalphotin/P2000, SfMG17/P2000, and SfCPH38/P2000 promoters were generated using piggyBac-based germline transformation methods. Significantly higher luciferase activity was detected in the midgut than in other tissues of transgenic FAW. SfCPH38/P2000 promoter with the highest activity and midgut-specificity was used to drive the expression of a P450, SfCYP321A8 known to be involved in deltamethrin resistance. Higher mRNA levels of SfCYP321A8 and P450 activity were detected in the midgut of transgenic larvae than in wild-type larvae. Bioassays showed that the transgenic larvae expressing SfCYP321A8 in the midgut are tolerant to deltamethrin. Here, we presented methods for the identification of midgut-specific promoters in the FAW and used them to study the role of P450 overexpression in the midgut on insecticide resistance. These methods could also be used to identify other tissue-specific promoters for applications of piggyBac-based germline transformation in functional genomics in FAW and other non-model insects.
Vocational English Training for “Go Clean” Partners
Authors: Herlina Clara 
Published: November 2021

Nowadays, almost all people living in Jakarta use application for everyday needs, from transportation, buy food until cleaning houses. One of the companies that provide those services through online application is GOJEK. GOJEK offered a lot of services, such as GO Ride, GO Food, GO Massage and Go Clean. Go Clean is particularly giving service for cleaning houses or apartments and it has a lot of customers. Unfortunately, Go Clean partners often have to decline customers, particularly foreigners, because they are not able to converse in English. Thus, this community program is created to give training to Go Clean partners so that they will be able to conduct a simple conversation in English with foreign customers. The materials include introduction, parts of the house and price negotiation. After the training, it is expected that the workers will gain more customers and eventually it will increase their income.
TOEFL Preparation for University Students’ Candidates from Asak Paroki MKK
Authors: Herlina Clara 
Published: November 2021

Some private universities in Jakarta use TOEFL or TOEFL-like test as the admission requirement for new students. Therefore, students’ candidates should prepare well to achieve the minimum score for being admitted. Unfortunately, their high school did not give enough training in doing the TOEFL test. The purpose of this community development program is to train high school students to do TOEFL test, especially the Reading section. The participants of the program were seven 12th grade high school students who were included in ASAK Paroki MKK community. They were trying to qualify for admission in Binus University. The program was created in the form of classroom teaching and individual assignment. In this program, we taught them about the TOEFL Reading test types, strategies and tips for doing the test. After the training, the students reported their understanding of TOEFL and confidence in preparing the university admission test.
Exuberant as Trend Forecast Method for Kertabumi Klinik Sampah Community Plastic Recycling
Authors: Chadijah Siti , Latif Fauziah , Fanthi Reno 
Published: November 2021

Recycling movement is such a never- ending campaign. This movement are grown larger in the society whether in individual or group activities. Any of the groups with the same spirit and vision are blurred in the community to achieve wider impact of recycling plastic. One of the active campaigner is Kertabumi Klinik Sampah which well-known in tinkering any of the recycling technique within the communities around Jakarta. Communities under Kertabumi facilitation are encouraged to turned plastic waste into unique and valuable products. Fostering creativity is the idea of this research aiming to observe the possibility of trend design implementation on the plastic recycle product. Exuberant trend forecasting is used as an approach to designing functional and aesthetical aspect on the product. Moreover, the styling result is offered as a design recommendation for the community to develop their product in the future.
The concept of pragmatist philosophy in the educational process in Kurdistan region: Dewy as an example
Authors: Fatah Bakhtyar Ibraheem 
Published: November 2021

Throughout history, human society have encountered various problems for which there have been some tentative solution while others have continued along with the development of the society in different quantitative and qualitative forms.
One of the long-standing problems in Kurdistan region is the process of education which has a deep-rooted history in the region and it manifests itself in different forms at different intervals without being radically resolved.
The researcher, an experienced educator, who has spent four decades in the process, possesses first-hand knowledge on the process and thinks that the problems are becoming more and more serious. The reasons for this sharp downfall are numerous and various. One key reason, for instance, is that the educational institutions, including the universities, annually graduate thousands of students who cannot become active members of the society and fail to invest and practice their skills and knowledge in the scientific fields. The reason, however, lies in the fact that the educational centers put more emphasis on the theoretical aspects of learning rather than the practical ones.
Thus, the present study is assumed to be a scientific attempt seeking to delimit the various facets of the educational process by referring to the pragmatic philosophy (emphasis on the value of hard work and seeking knowledge); i.e., the thought that is workable, practical and implementable, since the educational process represents not only a preparation for a lifelong career but the life itself as well.
The study consists of three sections. The first is the general framework where the problem, the goals, the scopes of the study with the definition of key terms has been stated. In the second section the researcher have outlined the second section of the study including, analyses of pragmatism program and review of the previous studies and literature. The third section covers three main topics: the educator, the student, and the program). The conclusions and the list of references are given at the end of the study.
Perancangan Antena Mikrostrip Rectangular Array Untuk Teknologi 5G Pada Frekuensi 28 GHz
Authors: Yusup Nurina Leila , Nugraha Eka Setia , Goran Petrus Kerowe 
Published: November 2021

Teknologi 5G memanfaatkan spektrum millimeter wave untuk menyediakan kapasitas, kecepatan data, dan cakupan yang luas untuk koneksi secara menyeluruh. 3GPP release 15 menyatakan teknologi beamforming dapat memenuhi karakteristik jaringan 5G karena dapat meningkatkan 5G broadcast dan traffic beam coverage. Beamforming merupakan proses penggabungan sinyal pada elemen array untuk membentuk sinar radiasi (beam radiation) dan menyelaraskan fasa sinyal untuk membentuk beam pada arah tertentu. Butler matrix adalah salah satu teknik yang digunakan pada beamforming yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan beda fasa disetiap elemen dari antena yang dirancang, sehingga arah radiasi yang dihasilkan dapat fokus pada arah yang dibutuhkan. Pada penelitian ini dirancang antena mikrostrip rectangular array dengan pemodelan MIMO 4x4 dan metode butler matrix. Perancangan butler matrix 4x4 menggunakan 2 skenario perancangan, kemudian menentukan skenario terbaik untuk digabungkan dengan antena mikrostrip array MIMO 4x4. Hasil simulasi didapatkan return loss pada pada elemen 1, elemen 2, elemen 3 dan elemen 4 sebesar -14,504 dB, -6,71 dB, -6,79 dB dan -15,129 dB. VSWR sebesar 1,46; 2,716; 2,687 dan 1,424. Gain sebesar11,1 dBi; 10,8 dBi; 10,8 dBi dan 11 dBi. Pola radiasi secara unidirectional dengan arah radiasi antena yang berbeda-beda, dilihat dari sudut pandang elevasi arah pancar utama pada sudut 0,0o; 8,0o; 8,0o; dan 22,0o. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa penggunaan butler matrix 4x4 pada perancangan antena mikrostrip array MIMO 4x4 dapat meningkatkan nilai gain dan mendapatkan pola radiasi antena yang terarah dengan arah radiasi yang berbeda-beda.
Municipal OPEB Contributions: The Roles of Governance Structure, Fiscal, and Socioeconomic Factors during and after the Great Recession
Authors: Eger Robert J. , Johnson Laurence E. , Lowensohn Suzanne , Styles Alan K. 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACTMany governments offer other postemployment benefits (OPEBs) to employees, and discretionary contributions to OPEBs plans are important to plan financial well-being. This paper reports a study of municipalities’ actual annual contributions to OPEBs plans from 2008 through 2015, a time span encompassing the Great Recession and subsequent gradual recovery. Giving effect to cities’ governance structure (form of organization and extent of employee unionization) and certain fiscal and socioeconomic variables, we estimate a model of plan contributions normalized by the related actuarially required contributions. We find that mayor-council (MC) cities are associated with comparatively higher OPEBs plan contributions relative to council-manager cities. We control for MC cities’ discount rates to address the consequences of optimistic rate assumptions. The effect of unionization on contributions is evident directly, but unionization is not noteworthy when conditioned on form of government. This suggests that MC cities manage their OPEBs plans in a fiscally accountable manner.Data Availability: Data were collected from publicly available sources.JEL Classifications: M41; M48.
Managerial Response to Macroeconomic Uncertainty: Implications for Firm Profitability
Authors: Binz Oliver 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
This paper examines how agents' response to macroeconomic uncertainty affects firms' revenues, expenses, and profitability in a global sample of firms spanning 1997 to 2018. Consistent with consumers reducing purchases and managers cutting costs, I find that increases in macroeconomic uncertainty lead to both lower revenues and lower expenses. The net short-term effect on profitability is positive as the reduction in expenses exceeds the fall in revenues. This favorable profitability effect is attenuated for firms whose institutional environment restrains cost-cutting, holds for both the cash and accrual components of earnings, and is robust to instrumental variable estimation employing exogenous variation in macroeconomic uncertainty arising from natural disasters, political unrest, revolutions, and terrorist attacks.
JEL Classifications: E22; D81; M41.
PENGARUH FASILITAS RUMAH TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN MENTAWAI
Authors: Illahi Feby Mega , Ariusni Ariusni 
Published: November 2021

This study aims to determine: (1) The Effect of Electricity Availability on people's welfare. (2) Effect of Availability of Clean Water on people’s welfare. (3) Effect of Sanitation on people's welfare. (4) Effect of Housing Ownership Status on people's welfare. (5) Effects of Electricity Availability, Availability of Clean Water, Sanitation and Home Ownership Status on people's welfare. This type of research is descriptive and associative. The type of data used is secondary data, namely 2018 SUSENAS data conducted by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression analysis.The results of this study indicate that: (1) Electricity Availability has a positive and significant effect on people's welfare. (2) The availability of clean water has a positive and significant effect on people's welfare. (3) Sanitation has a positive and significant effect on people's welfare. (4) House Ownership Status has a negative and not significant effect on people's welfare. (5) Availability of Electricity, Availability of Clean Water, Sanitation and Home Ownership Status has a positive and significant impact on people's welfare.Based on the results of the study, it is recommended that the Mentawai Islands Regency government focus on infrastructure development especially those related to electricity, clean water and sanitation. This is done so that the welfare of the people in the Mentawai Islands Regency can be improved.
Pengaruh Status Sosial Ekonomi terhadap Uang Japuik di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman
Authors: Silistiani Roza Witri , Idris Idris 
Published: November 2021

This study attempts to influence the estimate and explains work, the number of income and education to money japuik in Padang Pariaman District, the type research this research is descriptive the data used was primary and secondary data that analyzed using multiple linear regression. The estimation results shows that the type of work has a significant influence on the amount of money japuik in Padang Pariaman District, the number of income is significantly positive effect on money japuik in Padang Pariaman District and Education also has a positif but not significant effect on japuik money in Padang Pariaman district
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE USAGE OF WHATSAPP AS A LEARNING APPLICATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL AND JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Nuningtyas Rinda , Pratolo Bambang Widi , Athiyallah Arina 
Published: November 2021

During the Covid-19 pandemic, there was a very significant change in student teaching and learning methods.The government policy requires that almost all activities including learning activities at school be eliminated and replaced with online schools. One of the most used applications for learning in this pandemic era is WhatsApp. The general objective of this research is to conduct a comparative study on the use of the WhatsApp application as a learning application during the Covid-19 pandemic in elementary and junior high school students in English. While the specific purpose of this research is to find out the strengths and weaknesses as well as the constraints of using WhatsApp as a learning application. The research method used is through field observations using qualitative descriptive methods and also interview techniques to several elementary and junior high school students in the research environment. This is interesting to research further based on direct observations of researchers on the use of WhatsApp on school students directly. This study assumes that the advantages and disadvantages of the learning process using WhatsApp will be found for both elementary school students and junior high school students. That elementary school finds difficulty in using WhatsApp for learning. Because some of the elementary students are still not fluent in reading. Junior high school learners assume that learning by WhatsApp is efficient but still not comparable to face-to-face meetings. The research implications are as follows: that the students would be able to learn easily by using WhatsApp as a learning application. The teacher Would find another method that enhances the understanding of the students besides using WhatsApp by necessity.
Exploration of Non-compliance of Micro, Small and Medium Business Taxpayers: Phenomenology Study
Authors: Nandiroh Umi 
Published: November 2021

This study aims to describe the meaning of non-compliance with taxes, especially for taxpayers of small and medium enterprises. The background of this research is that there is a phenomenon that is not all taxpayers' fulfill their tax obligations in accordance with the provisions of tax regulations. Resistance that occurs in carrying out tax obligations depends on how tax interpreters interpret non-compliance. This study used a qualitative approach with the Schutz interpretive phenomenology as a research method. The phenomenology method focuses on the object of exploration to gain knowledge. Data was obtained through interviews with small business taxpayers. This study found the motives of taxpayers in carrying out their tax obligations. Which consisted of six elements, namely: situations those were dilematic, opportunistic, distrust, injustice, not willing, and saving yourself. The motive must be found first, because based on Schutz's interpretive phenomenology method, someone will interpret something depending on the motive in interpreting something. From the motives that have been known, it can be concluded that in order to carry out their tax obligations, taxpayers need trust, both for the government, and for God.
PROFIL KECEMASAN PERILAKU SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI
Authors: Lestari Chyntia Anggita , Noor Dini Islami , Nurhidayanti Melly 
Published: November 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil kecemasan perilaku peserta didik dalam pembelajaran biologi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan teknik sampel stratified random sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah kelas XI MIA 3 dan kelas XII MIA 3 . Pengambilan data dilakukan pada peserta didik kelas XI MIA 3 dan peseerta didik kelas XII MIA 3 sebanyak 15 peserta didik dari masingmasing kelas sehingga jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 peserta didik dengan menggunakan instrumen berupa angket atau kuisioner yang dalam bentuk skala Likert, sebanyak 14 butir pertanyaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peserta didik kelas XII MIA 3 mengalami kecemasan dengan kategori berat mendapat skor sebesar 28-34 sebanyak 9 siswa, dan kategori sangat berat mendapat skor ≥ 35 sebanyak 6 siswa. Sedangkan, peseerta didik kelas XI MIA 3 mengalami kecemasan dengan kategori berat mendapat skor 28-34 sebanyak 8 siswa, dan kategori sangat berat mendapat skor ≥ 35 sebanyak 7 siswa. Kata kunci : Biologi, Kecemasan Perilaku; Peserta Didik