bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of anthropogenic activities on changes in the chemical and biological properties of the soil
Authors: Aseeva T A , Selezneva N A , Sunyaikin A A , Tishkova A G , Afanasieva E G 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The article investigates the influence of anthropogenic activity on the change in the chemical and biological properties of soils during agricultural use. The work was carried out in long-term stationary experiments laid down in 1963–1965. in the Khabarovsk Territory. The soil is meadow-brown, heavy loamy with an acidic reaction of the environment and low natural fertility. In the studied soils, the phosphorus supply varied from average in natural ecosystems to low in the variants with mineral fertilizers and very low in the variant without fertilizers. Potassium supply from high to high and medium, respectively. A decrease in acidity (pH 4.3) with an increase in anthropogenic load negatively affected the availability of chemical elements to plants and the number of microorganisms. Long-term agricultural use had a negative impact on the number of microorganisms inhabiting the soil of the agrocenosis: the content of ammonifiers decreased on average 9.7 times, amylolytics - 4.2 times. The use of mineral fertilizers contributes to some restoration of the biological activity of the soil, in comparison with the control option without their use.
Land Degradation Neutrality in the Tula region
Authors: Ogorodnikov S S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The article assesses the Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN), taking into account the specifics of Russian regions (on the example of the Tula region). For the assessment of the used software module “Trends.Earth”, remote sensing data and statistical materials in the public domain. About 44.70% of the territory of the Tula region by 2015 had deteriorated its characteristics, compared with 2000. The LDN values can be specified taking into account the specifics of the Russian regions. The article shows that the indicators of the LDN concept need serious adaptation, taking into account the peculiarities of soils and lands in Russia.
Landscape differentiation of the territory of the Knyagininsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod region (Russia)
Authors: Astashin A E , Fomicheva A A , Pashkin O N , Vatina O E , Sevast’yanova M Yu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The territory of the Knyagininsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod region, located in the north of the forest-steppe zone, is characterized, on the one hand, by high biological diversity characteristic, which typical for ecotones, on the other hand, by a high degree of anthropogenic transformation of landscapes. Both of these circumstances require a systematic – landscape – approach both to the organization of environmental management and to the planning and implementation of measures, providing environmental protection. However, to date, the scheme of landscape differentiation of the territory of the Knyagininsky district at the hierarchical level of landscapes required for making rational economic decisions, has not been developed. The article presents the results of landscape zoning of the territory of the Knyagininsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod region, performed on the basis of field researches, analysis of maps, literature sources and remote sensing data.
Main implementation criteria of the Ecology National Project in Russian regions
Authors: Babkina L N , Skotarenko O V , Kozin M N 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The article shows that Russia regulates air and forest protection and conservation using national projects, e.g. the Ecology Project. A comparative analysis of relative indicators calculated using the suggested methods helped rank each region by the criteria of management of and contamination in three environmental components: atmosphere (air), hydrosphere (water), and forests (plants). The findings of the comparative analysis carried out for the regions to assess the condition of their environmental components, pollution levels, and conservation spending make it possible to determine strategic areas of conservation efforts for different planning horizons.
Landscape structure of the territory of the state nature complex reserve Ichalkovsky Bor (Nizhny Novgorod region, Russia)
Authors: Astashin A E , Badin M M , Astashina N I , Martilova N V , Vatina O E 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The article presents the results of landscape differentiation of the territory of the state nature complex reserve “Ichalkovsky Bor” (Nizhny Novgorod region), performed at the hierarchical level of landscapes and stows. The research territory lies in the forest-steppe zone, and characterized by a rugged karst topography relief, high biological diversity, which determined its complicated landscape structure and great environmental and recreational importance. In 2020 it was decided to organize a geopark, based on the state nature complex reserve Ichalkovsky Bor. All these circumstances determine the high demand for the landscape zoning scheme, which is necessary for the effective organization of environmental and recreational activities. In the course of the research, 4 landscapes were identified, which included 33 kinds of stows. The work was carried out on the basis of field researches, conducted in 2015-2020, materials of remote sensing of the Earth, thematic maps, literature data, processed using GIS.
Disposal of glass containers using fusing technology
Authors: Bulekova A A , Temirgali G T , Gumarova Zh M , Murzashev T K , Yeskairova N N 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRecently, glass containers are considered to be the most environmentally friendly for placing and storing products compared to plastic dishes. Therefore, the volume of consumption of products from glass containers is increasing, which requires resolving issues of its disposal or processing. The study proposed an alternative method for recycling glass containers, which allows you to efficiently recycle glass containers in order to reduce its emissions into the environment and harm the environment in general.
Sustainable development of urban areas in the context of global warming (on the example of assessing the methods of inventory of carbon dioxide emissions into the environment in the Russian Federation)
Authors: Renz A I 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This article discusses an important scientific issue in the field of ecology and the environmental safety of urban areas - the pollution of the air of cities. In the context of global warming, the focus is on the problem of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and their impact on the sustainable urban development. To solve the problems of climate change and sustainable development of urban areas, two main goals must be pursued: preserving the biosphere and creating a safe and comfortable environment compatible with the biosphere. In this case, the solution of these problems should begin with an assessment of the current situation. All in all, the article analyzes the methods of inventorying greenhouse gas emissions currently used in Russia (in particular, carbon dioxide emissions). Based on the results of a comparative analysis, their features were identified, and the most meaningful and comprehensive method was identified, which would provide reliable calculations when air pollution in urban areas is assessed. According to the author, it is necessary to improve the Russian regulatory, to development existing energy-efficient technologies, to switch over to renewable energies and use “green” building methods. This will allow in the future to form an environmentally safe and comfortable living environment and thereby ensuring sustainable development of urbanized areas.
Influence of protective forest planting on the resistance of agrocenoses on the boundaries with agromeliorations
Authors: Azarova Olesya , Tereshkin Aleksandr , Kalmykova Anna , Mashtakov Dmitriy , Zaigralova Galina 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of a unique object of protective steppe afforestation - the Guselsky forest reclamation experimental site, which is a system of protective forest plantings with a total area of 24.5 hectares. Protective plantings have good vitality and support the original dense structure. Analysis of the biometric materials of the sample plots shows that the most stable tree species on the southern chernozems and quite suitable for protective afforestation turned out to be pedunculate oak and white acacia. Under these conditions, they can be used as the main ones, since they have good preservation and valuation indicators. In protective forest plantings, the process of soil leaching is underway, which improves the water-physical, and, consequently, the forest-growing properties of the southern chernozems. Currently, these plantings have both protective and recreational roles due to partial development for low-rise buildings.
Use of statistical models to predict how different regions of the Arctic and the Northern Hemisphere will reach an ice-free regime
Authors: Malinin V , Averkiev A , Tsarev V , Istomin E , Petrov Y 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Estimates of reaching an ice-free regime in September for different regions of the Arctic and the Northern Hemisphere are presented on the basis of an additive statistical model that takes into account trends and cyclical fluctuations for the period 1979-2017. assuming that the current climate regime will be maintained in the future. It is shown that, due to the rather high stability of the trend estimates for the sea ice area in the Arctic regions, taking into account cyclical fluctuations does not go beyond the rms trend errors.
Assessment of the importance of environmental aspects in the construction of oil and gas facilities
Authors: Vorobeva Yu A , Drapalyuk N A , Burak E E , Zherlykina M N , Isanova A V 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
One of the solutions for assessing the impact on the components of the natural environment and effective management at the present stage is the introduction of environmental management in the organization. The authors analyzed modern scientific approaches to the problem of greening the activities of enterprises and substantiated the expediency of using environmental control in the practice of environmental management. The paper substantiates the need to rank the elements of the activities of construction organizations in the construction of oil refining complexes according to the importance of their impact on the environment. The issues of environmental protection during the construction of the oil and gas complex are considered, taking into account the specifics of construction work. Functional zones for individual production processes and various impacts on the environment, types of impacts inherent in a construction company are identified. For the projected oil and gas complex, the identification of environmental aspects was carried out, significant aspects were highlighted and a comparative characteristic was drawn up for each of them.
Calculation methods of groundwater backwater in the zone of influence of hydraulic structures
Authors: Karpenko N P , Shiryaeva M A , Bogomazova Y S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the work is to consider methods for calculating the forecast of groundwater backwater in the zone of influence of hydraulic structures. The analysis of the analytical dependencies for calculating the forecast of groundwater backwater for various schemes. A numerical model is proposed and a computational program for calculating the groundwater backwater has been developed for a homogeneous geofiltration structure which allows discretely calculating the groundwater backwater from the canal at any time. To simplify the solution of the problem of calculating the backwater of groundwater, a computer program was created in the Python Version 3.8 programming language, which quickly solves this hydrogeological problem. A possible range of geofiltration parameters is proposed. The results of predictive calculations of groundwater backwater are the basis for assessing the zones of possible flooding - the territory within which the groundwater level rises as a result of backwatering by a hydraulic structure.
Development of the mining complex of the Russian Far East
Authors: Leontiev Rudolf Georgievich , Arkhipova Yuliya Alexandrovna 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
One of the competitive advantages of the Russian Far East is the presence of the largest reserves of natural resources in the Russian Federation: 81% of diamond reserves, 51% of forests, 37% of fresh water, 33% of aquatic biological resources, 44% of gold, 27% of gas and 17% of oil. It also occupies a unique economic and geographical position in the Russian Federation and in the Asia-Pacific region. Despite this, the region is characterized by an unsatisfactory state of economic development. The article discusses the mining complex of the Far East of the Russian Federation, the region is defined as a “resource-type problem region”. Specific real-time current problems and the corresponding imperatives (orders, imperatives) of effective activity are formulated. It is concluded that the successful overcoming of these problems is associated with the need to form a complex of high-tech industries based on the use of mineral resources of the Far East. It is required to implement inter-sectoral cooperation and apply a new (expedient) concept of organization and spatial distribution of the productive forces of the mining industry - processing industries for raw materials” - in contrast to the currently used inappropriate concept - “raw materials for processing industries”.
Research into the current state of accident rate of electric networks in agriculture using the example of Astrakhan region
Authors: Khlebtsov A P , Zaynutdinova L Kh , Shilin A N 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The paper deals with the accident rate of power electrical equipment of transformer substations of rural electric networks is studied depending on a number of factors, i.e. voltage class, service life, organizational and technical reasons for equipment damage as well as the type of equipment elements. The analysis was carried out on the basis of data for 2019 provided in the annual report of the branch of PJSC “Rosseti South”. In addition, the paper considers the information of patent documents in the subject area “Diagnostics of power electrical equipment” over the period of 2012-2019. The limited possibilities of the known methods for the purposes of operational forecasting of pre-emergency situations are shown. The feasibility of developing an intelligent data and measurement system for substations that supply electricity to remote agricultural facilities that uses complex diagnostic methods and provides operational forecasting of pre-emergency situations of transformer substations is justified.
Evaluation of explosive parameters of fuel oil additive manufacturing technology
Authors: Monashkov V , Russkova I , Logvinova Y , Rumyantseva N , Uljanov A 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The widespread use of fuel oil stimulates the development of fuel additives to improve its technological properties. In this work, the parameters of the explosiveness of the technology for obtaining an additive based on the use of industrial alcohols are estimated. The schemes of development of typical scenarios of accidents have been developed, zones of destruction of buildings and structures and zones of damage by thermal radiation from the flame boundary have been determined for the accepted conditions. The research results can be used in the design and implementation of the technology for producing fuel oil additives based on flammable liquids.
The use of solar energy in air temperature control systems in industrial premises
Authors: Tseligorov N A , Naser A K , Ozerskiy A I , Tseligorova E N 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
It has been proposed to use absorption chillers that use solar energy for food processing enterprises. The simulation of the system in the Matlab environment showed that it is necessary to install digital controllers in temperature control systems that ensure the maintenance of the specified accuracy.
Influence of oil pollution on the surface of the microbial community and catalase activity of sod - podzolic soil
Authors: Gamzaeva R S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The article provides data on the influence of different levels of oil pollution on the structure of the microbial community and the activity of catalase in sod-podzolic soil during the cultivation of barley and wheat. It also presents data on the effect of biopreparations based on oil-oxidizing bacteria on the total number of microorganisms, microscopic fungi, actinomycetes and catalase activity. Based on the analysis of the microflora of oil-contaminated soddy-podzolic soil, it was found that oil pollution affects the total number of microorganisms, the qualitative and quantitative composition of micromycetes. and actinomycetes. It was also found that small concentrations of oil stimulate the number of microbiota and catalase activity. The introduction of biological products based on oil-oxidizing bacteria has a beneficial effect on the indicators of the general biological activity of the soil. It is noted that the selection of a phytomeliorant is of great importance in the reclamation of non-contaminated soil.
Efficiency investigation of the combined heat storage system using at NPPs with VVER
Authors: Yurin V E , Murtazov M A , Balukov I V 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Using of consumer-regulators at NPPs will make it possible to increase the share of nuclear power plants in the power system due to the expansion of their use range with a constant installed capacity utilization factor of reactors. As a result, the renewal of the maneuverable capacities of the power system can be carried out with the reduction of power plants, operating on fossil fuel, which will lead to a decrease in emissions causing irreparable harm to the environment. In the article, the heat storage system developed by the authors is presented and researched. It includes a phase change accumulator, cold and hot water tanks and additional steam turbines, which will avoid expensive main turbine modernization and its deterioration magnification, also it will provide an additional reserve for the NPP’s own needs. The results of investigation conducted for a wide range of operating conditions have shown that systems pay off completely under certain conditions. The authors also showed that the installation of a hot water tank can reduce capital investment in a heat storage system based on a phase change accumulator.
Directions for the development of renewable energy sources in Russia using information technologies during the formation of the climate crisis
Authors: Bogodukhova E S , Britvina V V , Bobrova E O , Konyukhova G P , Altukhov A V 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This work is devoted to the study of the dynamics of the development of renewable energy (RES) in Russia; or rather, provides effective directions for overcoming the climate crisis using information technology. The aim of the work is to study the impact of green energy both on the situation in the global energy market and on the infrastructural connectivity of the regions, on the basis of which projects for the introduction of alternative energy are being implemented. A comparative analysis of several countries has shown the effectiveness of the introduction of renewable energy sources into energy systems. Territorial studies have made it possible to identify regions where a full or partial transition from traditional energy to alternative energy as a source of energy supply will increase financial sustainability and improve the ecological situation of the environment. Based on the results of the work carried out, the most pragmatic direction for the development of renewable energy sources for the Russian energy system was determined. The article is supplied with graphic materials and tables, as well as a detailed description of each stage of the study.
Seismic safety of buildings and structures during iron ore mining
Authors: Zuev P I 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The purpose of the work is to control the level of the impact of explosions on buildings and structures in order to ensure the safety of industrial and civil facilities, to accumulate information about the possible impact of tectonic disturbances on the energy and propagation of elastic waves arising during technological explosions. Control of the impact of explosions is carried out using a software and hardware complex created on the basis of geophysical equipment. The complex registers the parameters of the seismic wave, then their digital processing is performed. The article provides brief information about the deposit being developed by the mine and the history of its development. The reasons for updating the repeated studies of the impact of drilling and blasting operations on buildings and structures are described. Experimental results obtained during registration of the seismic effect from technological explosions at the “Magnetitovaya” iron ore mine are presented. The calculated values and their comparison with the current tolerances are given. Conclusions are made about the size of the impact on the objects under study. A measurement technique and subsequent processing of the data obtained are described.
Assessment of rational options for energy supply to remote consumers of the Arctic zone in the context of the development of renewable energy
Authors: Gubanov M M , Potemkin V V , Morkovkin D E , Shmanev S V 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The article deals with the problem of power supply of various types of consumers of electric energy in remote regions of Russia and the Arctic zone in the context of the intensification of the development of renewable energy. The article substantiates the position that in order to ensure sustainable and rational energy supply to the largest group of consumers - small remote settlements-it is advisable to consider a set of measures in three main areas: energy saving and improving the energy efficiency of consumers, electricity supply based on geographically accessible energy sources, including renewable ones. It is shown that the key indicator of the development of renewable energy technologies in the Arctic zone and remote regions is the level of economically justified reduction of the “northern import” of fuel in the zone of decentralized energy supply, as well as cross-subsidization of energy tariffs for consumers of different target groups.
Texture Observation and Control in Metal Manufacturing : Theory and Practice
Authors: Kestens Leo A.I. , Galan Lopez Jesus , Pirgazi Hadi , Nguyen-Minh Tuan , Petrov Roumen H. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
It is generally known that the crystallographic texture of metal alloys is formed during subsequent solid-state transformations, occurring during manufacturing of the product. Applied to the specific case of metal sheet manufacturing, it implies that the texture of the finished product is the result of the crystallographic phenomena involved in hot rolling, cold rolling and annealing. Austenite-to-ferrite phase transformation, plastic deformation, recrystallization and grain growth are the dominant solid-state transformations occurring during thermo-mechanical processing of steel sheet. Moreover, the crystallographic texture ensuing of a solid-state transformation is a characteristic feature of the physical mechanics underlying this transformation and therefore, a precise understanding of the texture formation mechanisms is an important tool in gaining a better understanding of metal physics phenomena. The present paper will give a brief overview of the current state-of-the-art in these issues.