bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spondylotic and Other Structural Myelopathies
Authors: Bhattacharyya Shamik 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This article highlights both common structural causes of myelopathy, such as spondylotic disease, and infrequent but treatable causes, such as syringomyelia, spinal cord herniation, arachnoid cyst, arachnoid band and web, epidural lipomatosis, Hirayama disease, and arachnoiditis.

RECENT FINDINGS
Neuroimaging improvements and availability have uncovered many structural abnormalities in the spines and spinal cords of patients who were asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic. Recent published clinical series have improved our knowledge of the natural history of structural abnormalities and the risks of intervention versus conservative management.

SUMMARY
Myelopathy from a suspected structural cause is a common reason for neurologic consultation. Correlation between the history, examination, and imaging are especially important to determine whether intervention is necessary or conservative management is the best option.
Presence of multidrug resistance (MDR) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) of Escherichia coli isolated from cloacal swab of broilers in several wet markets in Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Effendi Mustofa Helmi , TYASNINGSIH WIWIEK , YURIANTI YEMIMA ANGGUN , RAHMAHANI JOLA , HARIJANI NENNY , PLUMERIASTUTI HANI 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Effendi MH, Tyasningsih W, Yurianti YA, Rahmahani J, Harijani N, Plumeriastuti H. 2021. Presence of multidrug resistance (MDR) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) of Escherichia coli isolated from cloacal swab of broilers in several wet markets in Surabaya, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 304-310. The purpose of this research was to identify multidrug resistance (MDR) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) of Escherichia coli from cloacal swab of broiler chicken in several wet markets in Surabaya. This study used 60 broiler chicken samples, with cloacal swab method. The samples were isolated and identified to find Escherichia coli with several procedures, MacConckey Agar (MCA), Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA), Gram staining, indole test, Methyl Red-Voges Proskauer (MR-VP), citrate, and Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA). Antibiotic sensitivity test was tested by using Kirby-Bauer (Disc Diffusion Method) with antibiotics: Aztreonam, Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, and Ciprofloxacin. From research, it can be illustrated that the isolates resistant to antibiotic Ciprofloxacin were 67% and Tetracycline was 65%. Total 97% isolates were found sensitive for Aztreonam, 73% for Chloramphenicol, and 55% for Gentamicin. Twelve isolates identified for MDR and two were ESBL. It can be explained that broiler chicken from wet market should be considered as a source of transmission for MDR and ESBL of E. coli to the public health.
Population, distribution, and habitat of Bornean Elephant in Tulin Onsoi, Nunukan District, Indonesia based on dung counts
Authors: SUKMANTORO WISHNU , Suyitno Agus , Mulyadi Mulyadi , GUNARYADI DONI , SENO AGANTO , KUSUMA ALFRED INDRA , DARWIS DARWIS 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Sukmantoro W, Suyitno A, Mulyadi, Gunaryadi D, Seno A, Kusuma AI, Darwis. 2021. Population, distribution, and habitat of Bornean Elephant in Tulin Onsoi, Nunukan District, Indonesia based on dung counts. Biodiversitas 22: 311-319. The survey on population, distribution, and habitat of Bornean elephants is very important because it reduces the information gap about Bornean elephants’ population and distribution. In more detail, the study can be used for updating information and the needs of local government in a spatial plan based on biodiversity conservation. The survey of Bornean Elephant was conducted in Tulin Onsoi Subdistrict, Nunukan District, North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia, starting in February 2018 to May 2019. The survey area’s scopes are Agison, Sibuda, Apaan, and Tampilon sub-water catchment areas in 34 (5 x 5 km2) grids with a total of 850 km2. The occupancy method with perpendicular line transect was used in this study. In the survey, the number of traces was 52 finding points with a total of 241 traces. The elephant dung identified in the dung piles (one-time defecation) was in 29 finding points with a total of 38 dung piles (0.22 dung piles per km). Based on Distance 6.0 and involved the formula of the elephant population’s density with standard defecation and dung decay ratio, the elephant population density in the Tulin Onsoi is between 4.8-5.7 individuals/100 km2. Minimum convex polygon (MCP)-qHull showed that the area of ​​the elephant habitat is 253.12 km2 in Tulin Onsoi sub-district. Generally, the habitat conditions for the location are old secondary forests (37 %). Meanwhile, other habitats included in the survey area are primary forest, shrubs, and plantations, including community agriculture and roads. In the strategy of managing the Bornean elephant, efforts to stabilize or increase population are important things to do. Conservation-based spatial planning and close monitoring for the protection of small populations of this species and its threats, are options that can be selected for present and future in North Kalimantan.
Local snake fruit conservation in East Java, Indonesia: Community knowledge and appreciation
Authors: Indah Novita , INDRIYANI SERAFINAH , ARUMINGTYAS ESTRI LARAS , AZRIANINGSIH RODIYATI 
Published: January 2021

Abstract. Indah NK, Indriyani S, Arumingtyas EL, Azrianingsih R. 2021. Local snake fruit conservation in East Java, Indonesia: Community knowledge and appreciation. Biodiversitas 22: 416-423. The community-based conservation of plant species diversity by variety of utility is an effective method for preserving local plants. Salak or the ‘snake fruit’ from East Java is an important fruit plant species in East Java. However, recent dramatic decline in its production and consumption occurred due to land-use change of plantation into resident or settlement areas. This study aims to analyze the value of local knowledge and appreciation and discusses the conservation strategy to cope with the situation. This descriptive research adopted 328 respondents from 10 local and introduced snake fruit cultivation areas in East Java. Respondents were divided into four age categories: young (17-30 years), adults (30-45 years), middle-aged (45-60 years), and old (>60 years). The questioner consisted of closed and open questions about knowledge (9 questions) and appreciation (13 questions). There were variations in the level of knowledge and appreciation between locations and ages. The highest appreciation about snake fruit utilization was shown by the middle-aged group (85.53% and 75% respectively) based on the age group. In comparison, the lowest scores were shown in the young group (79.82% and 59.80% respectively). The points that support appreciation such as benefits and value of snake fruit for societal support. Based on the snake fruit cultivation area, the highest score for knowledge and appreciation of its value was found in Bojonegoro (98.1% and 87.01% respectively) while these were the lowest in Trenggalek (68.0% and 57.10% respectively). Appreciation supports community-based conservation through snake fruit festivals, product diversification i.e. making processed foods, and its use in religious ceremonies.
Areale Variation von /r/-Realisierungen in schweizerdeutschen Dialekten.
Authors: Schmid Stephan , Leemann Adrian , Studer-Joho Dieter , Kolly Marie-José 
Published: January 2021

The present study deals with the areal variation of /r/-realisations in the Alemannic dialects spoken in Switzerland. In particular, we provide a quantitative survey of recordings collected through crowdsourcing, i. e. by means of the smartphone application Dialäkt Äpp (Leemann/Kolly 2013). Each of the 2851 recordings of the word trinke (‘to drink’) was auditorily coded by at least two of the four authors. The resulting maps show a neat areal distribution of the realisations of /r/, with alveolar variants in most of the central Midlands and in the Alpine regions. Uvular variants, on the other hand, seem to prevail in the northeastern and northwestern parts of German-speaking Switzerland. Comparing our data with traditional dialectological sources, we find evidence for the hypothesis that the alveolar realisation of /r/ has been extensively replaced by uvular variants in large parts of the northeast; apparently, a similar sound change is now in progress in the rural areas around Basel.
S Doris in däm wisse Fätze.
Authors: Baumgartner Gerda 
Published: January 2021

In various Swiss German dialects, the feminine gender is not the sole possibility when referring to women. Under certain circumstances, the article of female first names can also be neuter, e. g. s Doris. The gender assignment of names is determined by linguistic variables such as morphology or semantics, but also by social factors like age and social relationship. Neuter names have been shown to indicate social relations and encode certain concepts of gender roles in society. Based on data from an extensive online survey and fieldwork conducted in different places of Switzerland, the affective function of the neuter gender in the use of female names is explained. The focus lies on the definite article.
Müli, Loui, Rüfi.
Authors: Kistler Simon 
Published: January 2021

Based on the material of the toponomastic dictionary of the Canton of Bern, or Ortsnamenbuch des Kantons Bern (BENB), this article first aims to describe how the final -i in today’s Swiss German dialects, as in müli ‘mill’, is represented in sources from the medieval era until the sixteenth century. It appears that the classical Middle High German -e grapheme is hardly found in our data, while -i is used throughout this entire period and beyond. However, it is shown that this becomes more complex whith respect to noun composition.
Moreover, the historical relation between the short and long Swiss German forms loui – louene ‘avalanche’ and rüfi – rufene ‘landslide’ is discussed.
Sprachalltag II: Sprachatlas – Digitalisierung – Nachhaltigkeit und das Arno-Ruoff-Archiv am Ludwig-Uhland-Institut für Empirische Kulturwissenschaft der Universität Tübingen.
Authors: Bühler Rudolf 
Published: January 2021

Since 2015, the project Sprachalltag II has been running at the Institute of Historical and Cultural Anthropology in Tübingen. In addition to the final processing of the Sprachatlas von Nord Baden-Württemberg (SNBW), begun in 2009, and the creation of a popular, online Sprechender Sprachatlas von Baden-Württemberg, the goal is to research and digitize the extensive material of the Arno-Ruoff archive for further linguistic and ethnologic studies.
This project in particular includes the transcription and alignment of the dialect recordings collected by Ruoff and Bausinger since 1955 for the so called Zwirner corpus as well as the publication of the edited texts in a database in cooperation with the IDS Mannheim. After researching mainly on the morphological and syntactic level of the corpus, the project now also enables phonological examinations of the spoken language throughout the federal state of Baden-Württemberg and the area of Bavarian Swabia via the database.
This report will introduce the nature and extent of the hitherto edited recordings in more detail and show how, in the sense of a cross-disciplinary collaboration, Empirical Cultural Studies can benefit from the content development of the Tübingen corpus. In the course of editing, the transcripted dialect recordings are assigned to thematic categories by using keywords such as leisure or modernization. This includes the means of enquiry of the corpus to a content-related level that can serve the research fields of Historical and Cultural Anthropology.
Einleitung.
Authors: Hettler Yvonne , Kleene Andrea , Vorberger Lars 
Published: January 2021

Der vorliegende Band versammelt Beiträge des 8. Kolloquiums Forum Sprachvariation der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Dialektologie (IGDD) und des 6. Nachwuchskolloquiums des Vereins für niederdeutsche Sprachforschung (VndS), das vom 04. bis 06. Oktober 2017 an der Universität Hamburg stattfand.
Vorgestellt wurden sowohl diachron als auch synchron ausgerichtete Arbeiten und Forschungsprojekte, die sich im Themenfeld der Dialektologie und Regionalsprachenforschung, der historischen Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft bewegen oder sich mit neueren regionalsprachlichen Texten beschäftigen. Der vorliegende Sammelband legt den Fokus auf die linguistischen Beiträge, die sich sowohl gegenwartssprachlichen Phänomenen als auch historischen Sprachzuständen und Entwicklungen der letzten 140 Jahre widmen.
Refugees in America: Stories of Courage, Resilience, and Hope in Their Own Words, Lee T. Bycel (2019)
Authors: Keyel Jared 
Published: January 2021

Review of: Refugees in America: Stories of Courage, Resilience, and Hope in Their Own Words, Lee T. Bycel (2019)
New Brunswick, Camden, Newark, New Jersey and London: Rutgers University Press, 216 pp.,
ISBN: 978-1-97880-621-4, h/bk, £23.28
Irish Transatlantics 1980–2015, Ide B. O’Carroll (2019)
Authors: J. Hickman Mary 
Published: January 2021

Review of: Irish Transatlantics 1980–2015, Ide B. O’Carroll (2019)
Cork: Attic Press, 324 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-78205-252-4, p/bk, £13.50
ONLINE JOURNALIST IDEALISM IN BANDUNG RAYA WITHIN HOAX VORTEX
Authors: Wibawa Darajat 
Published: January 2021

Mass communication messages can be produced individually using internet facilities that can be accessed using various gadgets today. Everyone can be to send of any communication message to the public, including hoax message. The hoax is information or messages that are not supported by facts and data, so that is lie and cannot be justified. Hoax are made to confuse the atmosphere, attack and bring down others To day hoax can be compete with communication message produced by any mass media, and any where including journalists in the Bandung Raya. This study aims to examine the idealism of online media journalists in the Bandung Raya area in the hoax vortex, so it takes of data in the form of opinions from online media journalists in Bandung Raya. Therefore, the appropriate research method in this research is descriptive method. Descriptive method seeks to describe the phenomenon or object of research in accordance with what is in the field. Therefore, the most appropriate approach to constructing opinions and experiences experienced by researchers and informants is a qualitative approach. The guiding theories in this research are social action theory, phenomenology and symbolic interaction theory which are also supported by concepts relevant to this research. Through interviews to journalists, the research results show that hoaxes for online media journalists in the Greater Bandung area can provide both positive and negative aspects to journalists' idealism.
RETRACTED : HARMONY IN MERARIQ MARRIAGE TRADITION IN LOMBOK AS A MANIFESTATION OF THE QUR’AN
Authors: Kusumawardana M. Ardi 
Published: January 2021

This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Please see correcting the record https://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/ushuluddin/alquran/ethic#correcting Reason: This article contains some duplicate material of a paper that was originally published in Masters thesis, UIN Sunan Kalijaga. https://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/id/eprint/38665/ One of the conditions of submission of a paper for publication is that authors declare explicitly that all of their work is original and has not appeared in a publication elsewhere. We apologize to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.
SOCIO-GENETIC MOTIVES OF MUI’S FATWA REGARDING COVID-19 BASED ON QURAN-HADITH
Authors: Fuqohak Mukhamad Agus Zuhurul , Amiruddin Muh 
Published: January 2021

The textual understanding of the Quran and Hadith during the pandemic era has manifested an obstacle for the implementation of the advised health protocols against COVID-19. The textualists try to confront the Quran and Hadith with the social reality of health. They insisted that one should only fear of Almighty God Almighty, not the corona virus, and the congregation of the prayers should be performed at mosques. Against this backdrop, MUI released a guide to worship during the holy month of Ramadan 2020 in the midst of COVID-19. This article, subscribing to qualitative research method investigates the MUI guidance through socio-genetic motive theory. Following the thematic framework, this research found that MUI's socio-genetic motive in appropriating COVID-19 as a mercy (rahmat) is to reduce the potential for conflict, in shifting the meaning of worship to not only in the mosque is to form household harmony, and in optimizing fasting, and zakat is to foster social awareness. While the MUI's motive for basing on Hadith in ordering the use of masks is self-protection and other fellow humans, the motive for maintaining personal hygiene is social health awareness, and the motive to stay at home is not to endanger others. The novelty of this research is to answer the idealism of textualists by combining the study of religious texts with social theory. Keywords: socio-genetic motive; MUI; Quran and Hadith
STATE IDEALISM AND THE EMERGING DEMOCRATIZATION CHALLENGES OF INDONESIA POST-POLITICAL ELECTION IN ABU NASR AL-FARABI’S PARADIGM OF QUR’ANIC EXEGESIS
Authors: Taufik Egi Tanadi 
Published: January 2021

Over 11 centuries, Abu Nasr al-Farabi (d. 950) is well-known as a great philosopher and political scientist. Few studies have examined al-Mu'allim al-Ṡani’s capacity as a Qur’anic interpreter. Even though Al-Farabi has never written a complete Qur’anic exegesis book, he is noticed consistently paraphrasing verses of the Qur’an into political statements to justify the interrelatedness between Islamic political thought with Ancient Greek’s one which inspired from Plato and Aristotle. This characteristic is seen in some of his masterpieces as Arāyat Ahl al-Madīnah al-Faḍīlah and al-Siyāsah al-Madīnah. This paper seeks the potential adaptation of al-Farabi's idea about the ideal society, based on his alteration of Qur’anic verses into political concepts, as an alternative to fulfill the shortfall of Indonesian democracy. The article reflects al-Farabi's thoughts in the context of democratization challenges in Indonesia post-political campaign and suggested that its practice of democration is still considered as a "green" and imperfect form. Keywords: Abu Nasr al-Farabi; madīnah al-fadhīlah al-sa’ādah, Democratization Challenges. Qur’anic Exegesis
ANALIZING ISNAD-CUM-MATN OF TAUḤID PHRASE ON PROPHET’S FLAG HADITH
Authors: Amir Abdul Muiz , Akbar Akbar , Ainurrofiq Faiq , Sempo Muhammad Widus 
Published: January 2021

The flag inscribed with the phrase tauḥīd has been claimed by Jihadist-extremism groups to use the narrative hadith as a representation of the flag of the Prophet Muhammad (Liwā' and Rāyah). This phenomenon inspires researchers to carry out in-depth investigations on the history of the hadith, either through micro analysis (isnād) or macro analysis (matn). The purpose of this investigation is to reveal the status and motive for the existence of the phrase tauḥīd on the Prophet's flag. This research uses a qualitative interpretive study to explore the historical-critical paradigm through isnād-cum-matn approach by Harald Motzki. The findings show that the phrase tauḥīd, which is claimed to be part of the symbol of the Prophet's flag, is only the form of insertion (idrāj) by Ḥayyan bin Ubaidillah as “the real common link”. The deviation was carried out as propaganda against the political contestation between the Abbasiyya dynasty and the Umayya dynasty in Egypt. This study’s results supply a new perspective that the religious symbols used as religious identity are not all based on valid sources.Keywords: Prophet’s Flag, Tauḥīd Phrase, Hadith, Isnād-cum-Matn, Political Religion Symbolic
PROGRESIVE QUR’ANIC STUDIES IN INDONESIAN STATE ISLAMIC HIGHER EDUCATION (2014-2019): IMPLEMENTATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Maizuddin Maizuddin , Zulihafnani Zulihafnani 
Published: January 2021

This article describes the state of progressive Qur'anic interpretation studies over the past five years at three State Islamic Higher Education, UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, UIN Imam Bonjol Padang and UIN Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. The article is based on the argument that the study of the progressive interpretation of the Qur'an which is reflected in the issues of social justice, women and gender equality, pluralism, and deradicalization has strong relevance to contemporary issues that are widely discussed by scholars. In addition, it is also the responsibility of Islamic higher education to provide Qur'anic solutions to the contemporary problems. The study focused on three questions, namely: the frequency of progressive interpretation studies, the concentration of progressive interpretation issues, and the development and orientation of progressive interpretation studies. The method used in this study is a literature review of the scientific publications of lecturers in the study of the Koran and the final papers of students majoring in Al-Qur'an and Tafsir. The results showed that the study frequency of progressive Qur'anic interpretation in the three universities in the period 2014 – 2019 was still low, recorded at 18.52%. However, the frequency of progressive Qur'anic studies in the 2014-2019 period showed an increase of 1.3%. The issues discussed have covered the four issues mentioned above, although some of them have not received enough attention. The orientation of the study is still concentrated on the interpretation of the meaning of the Koran, it has not yet led to a methodological study in building a paradigm and approach to contemporary interpretation. Keywords: progressive exegesis; frequency; issues; development and orientation of the study
AMPLIFICATION OF ISLAMIC DOCTRINES IN HADITH MEMES PROHIBITION OF WOMEN TRAVELS WITHOUT A MAHRAM ON INDONESIAN SOCIAL MEDIA
Authors: Miski Miski 
Published: January 2021

This paper is a netnographic study of hadith memes prohibition women from traveling without mahram on Indonesian social media. there are three main questions that are in focus: 1) how does classical literature record hadiths related to this theme? 2) how does this hadith exist in memes on Indonesian social media? 3) how did this phenomenon give birth to the amplification of Islamic doctrine? By using content analysis, this study shows: 1) the hadith in this theme is a hadith that is widely known among the Companions of the Prophet and the gatherers of the hadith, and is considered mutually reinforcing, 2) on social media, the hadith exists in various memes; besides the media factor, also the factors of its users which still carry theological aspects, 3) the massive spread of memes in this theme triggers the creation of the Islamic doctrine, and has an effect on the neglect of other more essential aspects of Islamic doctrine. This study also found that the existence of the meme hadith is a re-actualization of classical discourse that is intended as resistance to a variety of religious social phenomena that are deemed deviant, especially in relation to women's freedom in the public sphere. To this point, it must be acknowledged that the memes that are spread are methodologically problematic or irrelevant in a contemporary context. Beyond these findings, the existence of memes with different interpretations but in limited quantities and intended as a counter to memes that have been widespread will further enrich the discourse of hadith studies. Keywords: hadith, memes, netnographic study, mahram