bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of a novel topical combination of esafoxolaner, eprinomectin and praziquantel against Notoedres cati mange in cats
Authors: Knaus Martin , Capári Balázs , Szabó Mirjam , Kley Katrin , Johnson Chris 
Published: April 2021

The therapeutic efficacy against notoedric mange of a topical combination of esafoxolaner, eprinomectin and praziquantel (Nexgard® Combo, Boehringer Ingelheim) was evaluated in a masked, controlled clinical study including 14 cats with natural or induced Notoedres cati infestation. Cats were allocated randomly to two groups of seven cats each, to be administered either mineral oil (placebo control) or NexGard® Combo. Each treatment was administered once as spot-on at 0.12 mL per kg body weight (representing the minimum label dosage of NexGard® Combo, i.e. 1.44 mg esafoxolaner, 0.48 mg eprinomectin, and 10.0 mg praziquantel per kg body weight). Live mites were counted in skin scrapings collected within seven days prior to and 14, 27/28, 42 and 56 days after treatment to calculate the percentage efficacy of NexGard® Combo based on the comparison of mean live mite counts of the two groups. Concurrently, mange lesions and clinical signs were scored to establish a clinical success valuation. No live mites were recovered from any NexGard® Combo-treated cats post-treatment, indicating 100% therapeutic efficacy following a single spot-on administration of the novel antiparasitic combination. The clinical success valuations in the NexGard® Combo-treated cats were 14.3%, 42.8%, 100% and 100% at 14, 27/28, 42 and 56 days after treatment, respectively. No health problems were observed throughout the study.
The impact of maturity on the ability of Eimeria acervulina and Eimeria meleagrimitis oocysts to sporulate
Authors: Répérant Jean-Michel , Thomas-Hénaff Martine , Benoit Chantal , Le Bihannic Pierre , Eterradossi Nicolas 
Published: April 2021

The sporulation of oocysts of Eimeria that infect poultry is known to be under the influence of environmental conditions, including temperature, oxygen supply, and moisture. However, even when these conditions are optimal, the level of sporulation can remain low. The effect of oocyst maturity on their ability to sporulate was investigated for two species of Eimeria: E. acervulina of chickens, and E. meleagrimitis of turkeys. After oral infection of birds, oocysts were collected at their production site in the intestine at different times around the prepatent period. The percentage of sporulation was determined by observation of 100 oocysts for each sample. With E. acervulina, it was observed that sporulation depended on the time of collection of the oocysts in the intestine, and that it increased with aging oocysts (from 5% to 40% globally in 8 h). With E. meleagrimitis, sporulation remained low with oocysts collected in the duodenum (below 20%), but oocysts collected in the midgut and in the lower intestine sporulated more efficiently (around 80%) than oocysts collected in the duodenum at the same time. One explanation for these results is the assumption that oocysts may be produced before fertilization, and that microgametes have not yet fertilized the newly produced oocysts. As time goes on, more oocysts would be fertilized, locally in the duodenum for E. acervulina, and descending along the gut for E. meleagrimitis. This hypothesis needs to be investigated further, but it could lead to new approaches to control these parasites by targeting the microgametes.
Optimiser le potentiel d’une communauté de pratique auprès de professionnels en santé : des clés de succès
Authors: Savard Isabelle , Côté Luc 
Published: April 2021

Contexte et problématique : La « communauté de pratique » (CoP) auprès de professionnels en exercice suscite de plus en plus d’intérêt en éducation des sciences de la santé. En tant que stratégie d’apprentissage collaboratif, elle valorise et soutient l’explicitation des savoirs d’expérience en vue du développement des meilleures pratiques dans des contextes précis. Or, ce concept a évolué et génère souvent de la confusion voire de la controverse, d’autant qu’il y a plusieurs types de CoP qui sont initiées tantôt par ses membres, tantôt par des organisations qui utilisent cette stratégie pour être plus performantes. Pour optimiser le potentiel de la CoP, il importe de comprendre sa signification, en plus de connaître les principes de base et les conditions de succès pour sa planification, son déroulement et son évaluation. Buts : Résumer le concept évolutif de la CoP, dégager ses principes de base et décrire les principales conditions de succès pour sa planification, son déroulement et son évaluation. Méthodes et résultats : En se référant à la littérature et aux expériences d’animation de CoP d’un des auteurs, ceux-ci en résument le concept évolutif et les principaux principes, puis décrivent sept clés de succès en y associant les principales actions à prévoir pour chacune d’elles. Conclusions : La CoP s’avère être une stratégie d’apprentissage collaboratif des plus pertinentes pour les enseignants en sciences de la santé et leurs organisations qui veulent améliorer les pratiques. Il est souhaitable que ce guide informatif soit utilisé pour faciliter la tenue de projets de CoP et pour en évaluer les impacts.
Active p38α causes macrovesicular fatty liver in mice
Authors: Darlyuk-Saadon Ilona , Bai Chen , Heng Chew Kiat Matthew , Gilad Nechama , Yu Wei-Ping , Lim Pei Yen , Cazenave-Gassiot Amaury , Zhang Yongliang , Wong W. S. Fred , Engelberg David 
Published: April 2021

Significance
While the MAPK p38α is highly active in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), whether its constitutive activity is a driver or mere consequence of pathology remains unclear. This was not answered due to the lack of methods for specific p38α activation in vivo. A transgenic mouse model allowing inducible expression of an intrinsically active p38α variant in a tissue-specific manner meets this challenge. Upon expression of the active p38α allele in the liver, mice develop lipidosis (fatty liver) within four weeks without gaining overweight. This study shows that fatty liver could occur in response to activation of a single protein and provides the first genetic model for revealing the etiology of fatty liver diseases from the point of their trigger.
The cospecification of the shape and material properties of light permeable materials
Authors: Marlow Phillip J. , Anderson Barton L. 
Published: April 2021

Significance
One of the longest-standing problems in vision science is understanding how images carry information about the shape and material of surfaces. Previous work has treated shape and material perception as computationally ill posed: It is thought that either material needs to be known to infer shape or shape needs to be known to infer material. Here, we offer an explanation of how the human visual system simultaneously recovers 3D shape and material. We show that there are intersecting physical constraints caused by surface curvature on different “kinds” of image structure—subsurface scattering, specular reflections, and self-occluding contours. The intersecting constraints cause specific patterns of covariation that are characteristic of translucent materials and are also potent cues to 3D shape.
Reverse genetics systems for contemporary isolates of respiratory syncytial virus enable rapid evaluation of antibody escape mutants
Authors: Jo Wendy K. , Schadenhofer Alina , Habierski Andre , Kaiser Franziska K. , Saletti Giulietta , Ganzenmueller Tina , Hage Elias , Haid Sibylle , Pietschmann Thomas , Hansen Gesine , Schulz Thomas F. , Rimmelzwaan Guus F. , Osterhaus Albert D. M. E. , Ludlow Martin 
Published: April 2021

Significance
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a major cause of severe respiratory disease worldwide in children, older individuals, and immunosuppressed patients. An increasing understanding of this disease burden together with the absence of an effective vaccine and limited therapeutic options has resulted in many new preclinical and clinical studies into novel vaccines, antibodies, and antivirals. This requires complementary expansion of the RSV molecular toolkit to encompass reverse genetics systems based on contemporary strains. We show that full-length cDNA clones of recent strains are most stable when a bacterial artificial chromosome is used as the vector backbone. This enabled recombinant viruses encoding antibody escape mutations to be generated and assessed with respect to antibody escape and capacity to induce cell-to-cell fusion.
Shared Injection Experiences: Interpersonal Involvement in Injection Drug Practices among Women
Authors: Barnhart Kathryn J. , Dodge Brian , Sayegh M. Aaron , Herbenick Debby , Reece Michael 
Published: April 2021

Background Many women who inject drugs are aware of the associated risks, however social influences play a part in their behavioral decisions. Incorporation of others in drug use behaviors may be common practice among women who use drugs. The aim of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of women's injection drug use experiences with a focus on interpersonal involvement. Methods Venue-based recruitment was conducted in collaboration with a harm reduction program. A group of 30 women, ages 18 and older, who reported injecting drugs within the past 30 days took part in a demographic survey and semi-structured interview to gain an understanding of their injection practices. In vivo coding and thematic analysis were conducted. Results Three main themes that relate to incorporating others into injection drug behaviors surfaced, including: (1) injection practices described as we and not I, (2) partnered purchase and drug preparation, and (3) assisted injection. This group of women most often incorporated sexual and/or romantic partners (same and other-gender), friends, or family members into their injection drug use behaviors. Some women described a lack of ability to inject themselves and require assistance every time they use. Women also reported helping other women during drug use behaviors. Conclusions Our primary themes indicate that a variety of relationship partners are important conceptual links in theoretical frameworks explaining drug use behaviors among women. Findings suggest same gender assistance during drug use behaviors, including injection, that may reduce harm. The interpersonal nature of injection drug use among women may indicate the expansion of treatment options designed for couples or other relationship partners, such as family, together.
Adaptation of migratory Tibetan antelope to infrastructure development
Authors: Wu Tong , Lian Xinming , Li Hongqi , Wang Dong , Chen Jiaping , Miao Ziyan , Zhang Tongzuo 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

Background:
The Tibetan antelope (
Pantholops hodgsonii
) is a migratory ungulate species that inhabits the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. In recent years, the population of Tibetan antelope has steadily increased owing to rigorous protection measures to safeguard the species from commercial poaching. Currently, infrastructure development, competition with domestic livestock, and predation are the principal factors threatening the survival of Tibetan antelope.
Result
: Our study found that migratory Tibetan antelope can adapt to the development of infrastructure over time, decreasing the potential negative impacts of such developments.
Conclusion:
We, therefore, urge infrastructure development companies to incorporate wildlife corridors that enable free movement of wildlife populations, particularly for migratory species.
Hollow mesoporous polydopamine nanospheres: synthesis, biocompatibility and drug delivery
Authors: Lin Kunpeng , Gan Ying , Zhu Peide , Li Shanshan , Lin Chen , Yu Shuling , Zhao Shuang , Shi Jiahua , Li Runming , Yuan Jinfang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Various polydopamine (PDA) nanospheres were synthesized by utilizing triblock copolymer Pluronic F127 and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (TMB) as soft templates. Precise morphology control of polydopamine nanospheres was realized from solid polydopamine nanospheres to hollow polydopamine nanospheres, mesoporous polydopamine nanospheres and hollow mesoporous polydopamine nanospheres (H-MPDANSs) by adjusting the weight ratio of TMB to F127. The inner diameter of the prepared H-MPDANSs can be controlled in the range of 50–100 nm, and the outer diameter is about 180 nm. Furthermore, the thickness of hollow mesoporous spherical shell can be adjusted by changing the amount of dopamine (DA). The H-MPDANSs have good biocompatibility, excellent photothermal properties, high drug loading capacity, and outstanding sustainable drug release properties. In addition, both NIR laser irradiation and acid pH can facilitate the controlled release of doxorubicin (DOX) from H-MPDANSs@DOX.
NNLO QCD predictions of electron charge asymmetry for inclusive pp → W + X production in forward region at 13 and 14 TeV
Authors: Ocalan Kadir 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper presents perturbative QCD predictions of the electron charge asymmetry for inclusive

production in proton-proton (pp) collisions. Perturbative QCD calculations are performed at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) accuracy using different parton distribution function (PDF) models at 8, 13, and 14 TeV center-of-mass energies of CERN LHC pp collisions. NNLO calculations are performed for electrons with transverse momenta above 20 GeV in the forward electron pseudorapidity region

. NNLO predictions are first compared at 8 TeV with the measurements of the LHCb experiment at the LHC for the

/

cross section ratio and charge asymmetry distributions. The 8 TeV predictions using NNPDF3.1, CT14, and MMHT2014 PDF sets are reported to be in good agreement with the LHCb data for the entire

region, justifying the extension of the calculations to 13 and 14 TeV energies. The charge asymmetry predictions at NNLO accuracy are reported in the forward

bins at 13 and 14 TeV and compared among NNPDF3.1, CT14, and MMHT2014 PDF sets. Overall, the predicted

differential cross-section and charge asymmetry distributions based on different PDF sets are found to be consistent with each other for the entire

region. The charge asymmetry distributions are shown to be more sensitive to discriminate among different PDF models in terms of the 14 TeV predictions.
Stability-Indicating Determination of Tedizolid Phosphate in the Presence of its Active Form and Possible Degradants
Authors: Moaaz Eman M , Abdel-Moety Ezzat M , Rezk Mamdouh R , Fayed Ahmed S 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Tedizolid phosphate is an antibiotic prodrug that is metabolized into tedizolid which is used against various resistant bacterial strains. In this study, tedizolid phosphate was subjected to stress degradation conditions, namely, hydrolysis (neutral, acidic and alkaline), thermal, oxidative and photolytic ones. The prodrug was stable toward thermal and photolytic stress conditions, while it showed significant degradation upon applying oxidative and hydrolytic conditions. Two suggested chromatographic methods are described for separation and determination of tedizolid phosphate from the resulted degradation products. The first method is HPLC using Waters Xselect HSS C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) analytical column and mobile phase composed of phosphate buffer (50 mM, pH 6.5):acetonitrile (70:30, %v/v) pumped at flow rate of 1.0 mL/min with UV-detection at 300 nm. The second method is a TLC coupled with densitometric quantitation, precoated silica TLC-plates as a stationary phase and a mobile phase of methanol:butanol:ethyl acetate:ammonia (33%, w/v) (60:20:20:10,%v/v) were used. The chromatographed plates were scanned at 300 nm. The linearity was confirmed over concentration range of 1–100 μg/mL and 1–12 μg/band for HPLC and TLC-densitometric methods, respectively. Both methods were found to be suitable for determination of tedizolid phosphate in pure form and in its pharmaceutical formulations.
A Decision Tree Ensemble Model for Predicting Bus Bunching
Authors: Borges Santos Veruska , S Pires Carlos Eduardo , Cassimiro Nascimento Dimas , de Queiroz Andreza Raquel M 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Travel delays and bus overcrowding are some of the daily dissatisfactions of public transportation users. These problems may be caused by bus bunching, an event that occurs when two or more buses are running the same route together, i.e. out of schedule. Due to the stochastic nature of the traffic, a static schedule is not effective to avoid the occurrence of these events; thus, preventive actions are necessary to improve the reliability of the public transportation system. In this context, we propose a decision tree ensemble model to predict bus bunching. We use an ensemble of Random Forest, eXtreme Gradient Boosting and Categorical Boosting models applied to Global Positioning System, General Transit Feed Specification, weather and traffic situation data. The efficacy of the proposed model has been demonstrated using real data sets and has been compared with four baselines: Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine and Relevance Vector Machine. According to the results, the proposed model can achieve an efficacy between 74 and 80% and can be used to predict bus bunching in real time up to 10 stops before its occurrence.
Comparative outcomes of total arch versus hemiarch repair in acute DeBakey type I aortic dissection: the impact of 21 years of experience
Authors: Ok You Jung , Kang Seung Ri , Kim Ho Jin , Kim Joon Bum , Choo Suk Jung 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
With the goal of evaluating the impact of experiences at our centre on comparative outcomes between total arch and hemiarch repairs, we reviewed our 21 years of experience with operations for acute type I aortic dissection.

METHODS
Between 1999 and 2019, a total of 365 patients (177 women; 56.8 ± 12.9 years) with acute type I aortic dissection who had a hemiarch (n = 248) or a total arch replacement (n = 117) were evaluated, and the trends in comparative outcomes were analysed.

RESULTS
Over time, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and retrograde cerebral perfusion were replaced by moderate hypothermia and antegrade cerebral perfusion with the introduction of dedicated aortic surgeons. Overall, operative deaths decreased from 11.0% in time quartile 1 to 2.2% in time quartile 4 (P = 0.090). After adjustment with the use of inverse probability weighting, the total arch group compared with the hemiarch group was at a similar risk of mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22–2.43; P = 0.71] but at a greater risk of neurological deficit (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.23–8.98; P = 0.017) in the earlier half period (1999–2009). In the later period (2009–2019), however, both the risks of mortality (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.03–1.59; P = 0.23) and of neurological injuries (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.12–1.18; P = 0.13) were comparable between the 2 groups (P for interaction in terms of neurological deficit = 0.007). The multivariable logistic regression model revealed that dedicated aortic surgeons independently contributed to decreased risk of death (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.09–0.84; P = 0.036).

CONCLUSIONS
These findings indicate that accumulating institutional experiences, along with resultant improvements in surgical strategies and outcomes, may neutralize the surgical risk gap between total arch and hemiarch repair in acute type I aortic dissection.
Somatic symptoms and associations with common psychological diagnoses: a retrospective cohort study from Norwegian urban general practice
Authors: Dahli Mina P , Šaltytė-Benth Jūratė , Haavet Ole R , Ruud Torleif , Brekke Mette 
Published: April 2021

Abstract

Background
Patients with mental health problems often present with somatic symptoms when visiting their general practitioner (GP). Somatic presentations may challenge correct diagnosing of mental health disorders in general practice, where most of these disorders are treated.

Objective
Explore the associations between common psychological diagnoses and somatic symptom diagnoses in Norwegian urban general practice.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study including electronic medical data from 15 750 patients aged 16–65 years from 35 GPs in six GP offices in Oslo, Norway, during 12 months in 2014–2015. We explored prevalences and associations between anxiety-, depression-, and stress-related diagnoses, and somatic symptom diagnoses.

Results
Patients with anxiety-, depression- and stress-related diagnoses had a mean number of 2.9±3.6 somatic symptom diagnoses during the 12 months, compared to 1.9±2.5 for patients without any psychological diagnoses (P &lt; 0.001). The mean number of somatic symptoms was significantly higher for the different psychological diagnoses viewed separately, for both sexes and different age groups. There was an increase in probability for anxiety, depression, or stress-related diagnoses with an increasing number of somatic symptom diagnoses during the 12 months. We found a significant increase in somatic symptom diagnoses from ICPC-2 chapters: General and unspecified, digestive, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, neurological, urological, female genital disorders and social problems. Associated symptom patterns were different for each of the included psychological diagnoses.

Conclusions
This study shows that patients with anxiety, depression- and stress-related diagnoses present with increased and characteristic somatic symptoms compared to patients without these diagnoses in general practice.
Joint Gramian inversion of geophysical data with different resolution capabilities: case study in Yellowstone
Authors: Tu Xiaolei , Zhdanov Michael S 
Published: April 2021

SUMMARY
Joint inversion of multiphysics data is a practical approach to the integration of geophysical data, which produces models of reduced uncertainty and improved resolution. The development of effective methods of joint inversion requires considering different resolutions of different geophysical methods. This paper presents a new framework of joint inversion of multiphysics data, which is based on a novel formulation of Gramian constraints and mitigates the difference in resolution capabilities of different geophysical methods. Our approach enforces structural similarity between different model parameters through minimizing a structural Gramian term, and it also balances the different resolutions of geophysical methods using a multiscale resampling strategy. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by synthetic model study of joint inversion of the P-wave traveltime and gravity data. We apply a novel method based on Gramian constraints and multiscale resampling to jointly invert the gravity and seismic data collected in Yellowstone national Park to image the crustal magmatic system of the Yellowstone. Our results helped to produce a consistent image of the crustal magmatic system of the Yellowstone expressed both in low-density and low-velocity anomaly just beneath the Yellowstone caldera.