bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supporting autism spectrum disorder screening and intervention with machine learning and wearables: a systematic literature review
Authors: Francese Rita , Yang Xiaomin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe number of autism spectrum disorder individuals is dramatically increasing. For them, it is difficult to get an early diagnosis or to intervene for preventing challenging behaviors, which may be the cause of social isolation and economic loss for all their family. This SLR aims at understanding and summarizing the current research work on this topic and analyze the limitations and open challenges to address future work. We consider papers published between 2015 and the beginning of 2021. The initial selection included about 2140 papers. 11 of them respected our selection criteria. The papers have been analyzed by mainly considering: (1) the kind of action taken on the autistic individual, (2) the considered wearables, (3) the machine learning approaches, and (4) the evaluation strategies. Results revealed that the topic is very relevant, but there are many limitations in the considered studies, such as reduced number of participants, absence of datasets and experimentation in real contexts, need for considering privacy issues, and the adoption of appropriate validation approaches. The issues highlighted in this analysis may be useful for improving machine learning techniques and highlighting areas of interest in which experimenting with the use of different noninvasive sensors.
Analysing Media Reactions to Male/Male Dance Partnerships On British Reality TV Shows: Inclusive Masculinity in Strictly Come Dancing and Dancing On Ice
Authors: Wong Yen Nee , Harman Vicki , Owen Craig 
Published: June 2021

AbstractStrictly Come DancingandDancing on Iceare primetime reality television shows that promote partner dancing as a form of leisure in the UK. Both shows have consistently represented partner dancing as a partnership between a man and a woman. However, in 2019 and 2020male/male partnerships were introduced into both shows for the first time. Drawing on media reports that discuss these male/male partnerships, this paper explores how the partnerships were represented and made sense of by mainstream and LGBT + media. Employing thematic discourse analysis, we demonstrate how the male/male dance partnerships were framed by a complex and contradictory inclusive masculinity discourse. On the one hand, this discourse celebrated the male/male couples as evidence that Britain is a progressive society in which homophobia is in decline. At the same time, the representations largely centred on the male dance couples’ bromances while ignoring or silencing discourses of gay love or sex. We show that although the representations can be viewed as a positive step forward, there were also some limitations to the representations which necessitate more critical examination in future research
Low-Dose Cyproterone Acetate Treatment for Transgender Women
Authors: Even Zohar Naomi , Sofer Yael , Yaish Iris , Serebro Merav , Tordjman Karen , Greenman Yona 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT

Background
Transgender women with intact gonads receive lifelong hormonal treatment to suppress physiologic androgen production, the optimal efficacious and safe cyproterone acetate (CPA) dose has not been established.

Aim
To assess the effectiveness and safety of low-dose (10–20 mg/day) compared with high-dose (50–100 mg/day) CPA treatment.

Methods
We conducted a historical cohort study of transgender women treated at a tertiary center for transgender health.

Outcome Measures
Serum levels of testosterone, estradiol, prolactin, gonadotrophins, liver enzymes, and lipids.

RESULTS
There were 38 transgender women in the low-dose group and 26 in the high-dose group. Age (median 24.9 years, interquartile range [IQR] 21–30 vs 25 years, IQR 19–35) and follow-up time (median 12 months, IQR 6–23 vs 15 months, IQR 12–36) were similar in the low- and high-dose groups, respectively. Serum gonadotropins and testosterone were suppressed to a similar level at all time points in both groups. Prolactin levels increased significantly in both groups, however, with a more substantial increase in the high- vs the low-dose group (804 ± 121 vs 398 ± 69 mIU/ml at 12 months, respectively, P = .004). Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels were not significantly affected by the dose.

Clinical Implications
We suggest an adjustment of current clinical practice guidelines to recommend lower doses of CPA for the treatment of transgender women.

Strengths & Limitations
This is the first demonstration that low-dose CPA treatment of transgender women is effective. Limitations include a relatively small sample and retrospective study design.

CONCLUSION
Low-dose CPA treatment of transgender women is as effective as high-dose treatment and possibly safer.
Whole-genome sequencing for neonatal intensive care unit outbreak investigations: Insights and lessons learned
Authors: Sansom Sarah E. , Logan Latania K. , Green Stefan J. , Moore Nicholas M. , Hayden Mary K. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Infectious diseases outbreaks are a cause of significant morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients. Infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are particularly vulnerable to infectious complications during hospitalization. Thus, rapid recognition of and response to outbreaks in the NICU is essential. At Rush University Medical Center, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has been utilized since early 2016 as an adjunctive method for outbreak investigations. The use of WGS and potential lessons learned are illustrated for 3 different NICU outbreak investigations involving methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), group B Streptococcus (GBS), and Serratia marcescens. WGS has contributed to the understanding of the epidemiology of outbreaks in our NICU, and it has also provided further insight in settings of unusual diseases or when lower-resolution typing methods have been inadequate. WGS has emerged as the new gold standard for evaluating strain relatedness. As barriers to implementation are overcome, WGS has the potential to transform outbreak investigation in healthcare settings.
Third Nerve Palsy Due to Intracranial Aneurysms and Recovery after Endovascular Coiling
Authors: Kameda-Smith Michelle , Pai Akshat , Jung Youngkyung , Khan Dure , Adile Ashley A. , Hui Katrina , Martyniuk Amanda , Larrazabal Ramiro , Algird Almunder , Klurfan Paula , Gunnarsson Thorsteinn , Farrokhyar Forough , van Adel Brian 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT:Introduction:The modality of treatment of third nerve palsy (TNP) associated with intracranial aneurysms remains controversial. While treatment varies with the location of the aneurysm, microsurgical clipping of PComm aneurysms has generally been the traditional choice, with endovascular coiling emerging as a reasonable alternative.Methods:Patients with TNP due to an intracranial aneurysm who subsequently underwent treatment at a mid-sized Canadian neurosurgical center over a 15-year period (2003–2018) were examined.Results:A total of 616 intracranial aneurysms in 538 patients were treated; the majority underwent endovascular coiling with only 24 patients treated with surgical clipping. Only 37 patients (6.9%) presented with either a partial or complete TNP and underwent endovascular embolization; of these, 17 presented with a SAH secondary to intracranial aneurysm rupture. Aneurysms associated with TNP included PComm (64.9%), terminal ICA (29.7%), proximal MCA (2.7%), and basilar tip (2.7%) aneurysms. In general, smaller aneurysms and earlier treatment were provided for patients for ruptured aneurysms with a shorter mean interval to TNP recovery. In the endovascularly treated cohort initially presenting with TNP, seven presented with a complete TNP and the remaining were partial TNPs. TNP resolved completely in 20 patients (55.1%) and partially in 10 patients (27.0%). Neither time to coiling nor SAH at presentation were significantly associated with the recovery status of TNP.Conclusion:Endovascular coil embolization is a viable treatment modality for patients presenting with an associated cranial nerve palsy.
COVID-19 and its Cardiac and Neurological Complications among Ontario Visible Minorities
Authors: Chu Joseph Y. , Kaliwal Yosuf , Koh Maria , Chen Robert , Chow Chi-Ming , Ko Dennis T. , Liu Peter P. , Moe Gordon W. 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT:Background:Due to lack of data on the epidemiology, cardiac, and neurological complications among Ontario visible minorities (Chinese and South Asians) affected by coronavirus disease (COVID-19), this population-based retrospective study was undertaken to study them systematically.Methods:From January 1, 2020 to September 30, 2020 using the last name algorithm to identify Ontario Chinese and South Asians who were tested positive by PCR for COVID-19, their demographics, cardiac, and neurological complications including hospitalization and emergency visit rates were analyzed compared to the general population.Results:Chinese (N = 1,186) with COVID-19 were found to be older (mean age 50.7 years) compared to the general population (N = 42,547) (mean age 47.6 years) (p< 0.001), while South Asians (N = 3,459) were younger (age of 42.1 years) (p< 0.001). The 30-day crude rate for cardiac complications among Chinese was 169/10,000 (p= 0.069), while for South Asians, it was 64/10,000 (p= 0.008) and, for the general population, it was 112/10,000. For neurological complications, the 30-day crude rate for Chinese was 160/10,000 (p< 0.001); South Asians was 40/10,000 (p= 0.526), and general population was 48/10,000. The 30-day all-cause mortality rate was significantly higher for Chinese at 8.1% vs 5.0% for the general population (p< 0.001), while it was lower in South Asians at 2.1% (p< 0.001).Conclusions:Chinese and South Asians in Ontario affected by COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic were found to have a significant difference in their demographics, cardiac, and neurological outcomes.
Reanalyzing Mandarin V1-V2resultative constructions—A force-theoretic approach
Authors: Han Peng (Benjamin) 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis study takes a force-theoretic approach to Mandarin V1-V2resultative constructions. Unlike event-based analyses that hold a causing event accountable for a result state, this study attributes a result state to a specific entity involved in the relevant causing event. In this way, V1-V2resultative construction (RC) sentences have the interpretation that through a causing action, one entity relevant to the action caused a change of state to another entity; this causal influence is reconceptualized as a force from the former entity, characterizing the situation change concerning the latter entity. Following Copley and Harley (2015), this conceptual reanalysis is represented structurally, successfully deriving V1-V2RC sentences. V2and the internal argument DP specify the property of a resultant situation and its holder, defining the force; the external argument DP tells about this force's source; V1modifies this force, indicating the causing action through which this force is realized.
Doctrinal Methodology in EU Administrative Law: Confronting the “Touch of Stateness”
Authors: Brito Bastos Filipe 
Published: June 2021

AbstractFrom its inception, the academic study of EU administrative law has relied heavily on doctrinal categories, concepts and principles, borrowed from the administrative law of the Member States. It has largely preferred research agendas such as the Europeanisation of national administrative law or the development of common European principles derived from national administrative laws. Legal doctrine has also engaged in the critique of EU administrative law when it fails to account for the normative standards that national administrative law must usually observe. Whereas all these constitute important research agendas, they reproduce in particularly acute terms a familiar paradox. While the existence of a European administration and administrative law beyond the state cannot be seriously disputed today, legal doctrine tends to consider them, implicitly or explicitly, from the perspective of the administrative law of the nation-state. The so-called “touch of stateness” has had a firm grip on EU administrative law, even though it includes unique aspects that lack any precedent in national laws. The article considers, and proposes a methodological approach to address, the ways in which preconceptions and normative expectations originating in national law have conditioned, and indeed prevented, the deeper doctrinal development of EU administrative law.
Abusing Constitutional Identity
Authors: Scholtes Julian 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIncreasingly, populists and authoritarians have discovered for themselves the notion of constitutional identity as a practical excuse to sidestep transnational legal obligations, as well as to vindicate their constitutional projects on the whole from concerns about the rule of law and other shared European values. This has led some scholars to highlight the “dangers of constitutional identity,” brandishing it as an “inherently dangerous concept,” and suggesting that the concept ought to be abandoned. This Article argues that the anti-pluralist critiques of constitutional identity, while rightly criticizing the authoritarian appropriations of constitutional identity, ultimately go too far and draw the wrong conclusions. Simply dismissing the concept of constitutional identity will not lead to the disappearance of the meanings imparted through it. The authoritarian and populist appropriations of constitutional identity must be identified and understood as abuses of the concept. By eliding constitutional identity with its abuse, the anti-pluralist critique sacrifices a more intimate understanding of the realities of constitutional identity abuse to a likely unattainable normative vision of uncontested EU law primacy. In advancing this critique, I will further outline three potential avenues for understanding constitutional identity abuse, differentiating between its substantive, generative, and relational aspects. Constitutional identity claims can be abusive by virtue of their substantive content, how they have come about, as well as how they are advanced.
The Refugees We Are: Solidarity, Asylum, and Critique in the European Constitutional Imagination
Authors: Linden-Retek Paul 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis Article aims to reimagine post-national legal solidarity. It does so by bringing debates over Habermasian constitutional theory to bear on the evolving use of mutual recognition and mutual trust in the EU’s Area of Freedom, Security, and Justice (AFSJ), particularly in the context of European asylum law and reforms to the Dublin Regulation. Insofar as critiques of Habermasian “constitutional patriotism” apply to the principle of mutual trust, the Article suggests why post-national solidarity requires fallibilism and dynamic responsiveness that exceed formalized rules of forbearance and respect.On this revised view, legal solidarity guarantees a particular form of adjudication through which individual litigants in a particular case challenge the transnational structural conditions that give rise to individual harm. Because it acknowledges that violations of individual rights are always potentially or in part the result of a collective systemic failure, this conception of solidarity restores meaning to the transformative “transfer” of sovereignty that post-national law had promised. In the field of asylum law, I detail how this application of solidarity would offer a much-needed corrective to structural imbalances in the existing Dublin regime. I conclude with reflections on the principle’s application in additional fields of EU law, as well.
Use of portable air cleaners to reduce aerosol transmission on a hospital coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ward
Authors: Buising Kristy L. , Schofield Robyn , Irving Louis , Keywood Melita , Stevens Ashley , Keogh Nick , Skidmore Grant , Wadlow Imogen , Kevin Kevin , Rismanchi Behzad , Wheeler Amanda J. , Humphries Ruhi S. , Kainer Marion , Monty Jason , McGain Forbes , Marshall Caroline 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjective:To study the airflow, transmission, and clearance of aerosols in the clinical spaces of a hospital ward that had been used to care for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to examine the impact of portable air cleaners on aerosol clearance.Design:Observational study.Setting:A single ward of a tertiary-care public hospital in Melbourne, Australia.Intervention:Glycerin-based aerosol was used as a surrogate for respiratory aerosols. The transmission of aerosols from a single patient room into corridors and a nurses’ station in the ward was measured. The rate of clearance of aerosols was measured over time from the patient room, nurses’ station and ward corridors with and without air cleaners [ie, portable high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters].Results:Aerosols rapidly travelled from the patient room into other parts of the ward. Air cleaners were effective in increasing the clearance of aerosols from the air in clinical spaces and reducing their spread to other areas. With 2 small domestic air cleaners in a single patient room of a hospital ward, 99% of aerosols could be cleared within 5.5 minutes.Conclusions:Air cleaners may be useful in clinical spaces to help reduce the risk of acquisition of respiratory viruses that are transmitted via aerosols. They are easy to deploy and are likely to be cost-effective in a variety of healthcare settings.
Increased rates of blood culture contamination during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
Authors: Esquer Garrigos Zerelda , Wingler Mary Joyce B. , Svoronos Petros A. , Vijayvargiya Prakhar , Goodman-Meza David , O’Horo John C. , Navalkele Bhagyashri D. , Cretella David , Frame Ithiel J. , Parham Jason , Lucar Jose 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe observed a higher rate of blood-culture contamination during the COVID-19 pandemic at our institution compared to a prepandemic period. Given the potential implications of blood contamination in antibiotic and diagnostic test utilization as well as added cost, it is imperative to continue efforts to minimize these episodes during the pandemic.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) admission screening and assessment of infectiousness at an academic medical center in Iowa, 2020
Authors: Alsuhaibani Mohammed A. , Kobayashi Takaaki , Trannel Alexandra , Holley Stephanie , Abosi Oluchi J. , Jenn Kyle E. , Meacham Holly , Sheeler Lorinda , Etienne William , Dains Angelique , Kukla Mary E. , Ward Emily , Ford Bradley , Edmond Michael B. , Wellington Melanie , Diekema Daniel J. , Salinas Jorge L. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractObjective:Patients admitted to the hospital may unknowingly carry severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and hospitals have implemented SARS-CoV-2 admission screening. However, because SARS-CoV-2 reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays may remain positive for months after infection, positive results may represent active or past infection. We determined the prevalence and infectiousness of patients who were admitted for reasons unrelated to COVID-19 but tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on admission screening.Methods:We conducted an observational study at the University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics from July 7 to October 25, 2020. All patients admitted without suspicion of COVID-19 were included, and medical records of those with a positive admission screening test were reviewed. Infectiousness was determined using patient history, PCR cycle threshold (Ct) value, and serology.Results:In total, 5,913 patients were screened and admitted for reasons unrelated to COVID-19. Of these, 101 had positive admission RT-PCR results; 36 of these patients were excluded because they had respiratory signs/symptoms on admission on chart review. Also, 65 patients (1.1%) did not have respiratory symptoms. Finally, 55 patients had Ct values available and were included in this analysis. The median age of the final cohort was 56 years and 51% were male. Our assessment revealed that 23 patients (42%) were likely infectious. The median duration of in-hospital isolation was 5 days for those likely infectious and 2 days for those deemed noninfectious.Conclusions:SARS-CoV-2 was infrequent among patients admitted for reasons unrelated to COVID-19. An assessment of the likelihood of infectiousness using clinical history, RT-PCR Ct values, and serology may help in making the determination to discontinue isolation and conserve resources.
Older age, smoking, tooth loss and denture-wearing but neither xerostomia nor salivary gland hypofunction are associated with low intakes of fruit and vegetables in older Danish adults
Authors: Pedersen Anne Marie Lynge , Dynesen Anja Weirsøe , Heitmann Berit Lilienthal 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction are prevalent conditions in older people and may adversely influence the intake of certain foods, notably fruit and vegetables. Here, we aimed to investigate whether xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction were associated with a lower intake of fruit and vegetables. The study included 621 community-dwelling adults, mean age 75⋅2 ± 6⋅4 years, 58⋅9 % female, who had participated in the Copenhagen City Heart Study follow-up, and undergone interviews regarding food intake (preceding month), oral and general health (xerostomia, taste alterations, diseases, medication, alcohol consumption and smoking), clinical oral examination and measurements of unstimulated and chewing-stimulated whole saliva flow rates. The average total energy intake (8⋅4 ± 2⋅7 MJ) and protein energy percentage (14⋅8 ± 3⋅1 %) were slightly below recommendations. The average fruit (234⋅7 ± 201⋅2 g/d) and vegetables (317⋅3 ± 157⋅4 g/d) intakes were within recommendations. Xerostomia and hyposalivation were more prevalent in women than in men (16⋅4 v. 7⋅1 %, P < 0⋅001 and 40⋅7 v. 27⋅5 %, P < 0⋅001). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that older age (β −0⋅009, se 0⋅003, P = 0⋅005), smoking (β −0⋅212, se 0⋅060, P = 0⋅0005) and wearing complete dentures/being partially or fully edentulous (β −0⋅141, se 0⋅048, P = 0⋅003), but neither xerostomia nor salivary flow rates were associated with an inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, after adjustment for covariates. Older age, smoking, tooth loss and denture-wearing were stronger determinants of low fruit and vegetable intakes than xerostomia and salivary hypofunction supporting the importance of dietary counselling and maintenance of oral health and an adequate masticatory performance.
Algebras with representable representations
Authors: García-Martínez X. , Tsishyn M. , Van der Linden T. , Vienne C. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractJust like group actions are represented by group automorphisms, Lie algebra actions are represented by derivations: up to isomorphism, a split extension of a Lie algebra $B$ by a Lie algebra $X$ corresponds to a Lie algebra morphism $B\to {\mathit {Der}}(X)$ from $B$ to the Lie algebra ${\mathit {Der}}(X)$ of derivations on $X$. In this article, we study the question whether the concept of a derivation can be extended to other types of non-associative algebras over a field ${\mathbb {K}}$, in such a way that these generalized derivations characterize the ${\mathbb {K}}$-algebra actions. We prove that the answer is no, as soon as the field ${\mathbb {K}}$ is infinite. In fact, we prove a stronger result: already the representability of all abelian actions – which are usually called representations or Beck modules – suffices for this to be true. Thus, we characterize the variety of Lie algebras over an infinite field of characteristic different from $2$ as the only variety of non-associative algebras which is a non-abelian category with representable representations. This emphasizes the unique role played by the Lie algebra of linear endomorphisms $\mathfrak {gl}(V)$ as a representing object for the representations on a vector space $V$.