bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial support for people with dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Killen Alison 
Published: June 2021

Background Lewy body dementia is the second most common form of age-related neurodegenerative dementia. It has two forms: dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia. Methods There are specific core symptoms associated with dementia with Lewy bodies. Optimum care requires awareness of the features associated with these, as well as appropriate support and management strategies, which are provided in this article. Results The core features of dementia with Lewy bodies are visual hallucinations, cognitive fluctuations, Parkinsonism and rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Appropriate psychosocial strategies includes psychoeducation, social support and environmental modification. Adoption of these approaches can reduce adverse outcomes. Conclusions The core features of dementia with Lewy bodies can significantly impair quality of life. Nursing and residential care staff are ideally placed to address this through the implementation of psychosocial strategies both directly, and through the provision of psychoeducation for family caregivers.
Distal rectus femoris surgery in children with cerebral palsy: Results of a Delphi consensus project
Authors: Kay Robert M. , Pierz Kristan , McCarthy James , Graham H. Kerr , Chambers Henry , Davids Jon R. , Narayanan Unni , Novacheck Tom F. , Rhodes Jason , Rutz Erich , Shilt Jeffrey , Shore Benjamin J. , Veerkamp Matthew , Shrader M. Wade , Theologis Tim , Van Campenhout Anja , Dreher Thomas 
Published: June 2021

Purpose The purpose of this study was for an international panel of experts to establish consensus indications for distal rectus femoris surgery in children with cerebral palsy (CP) using a modified Delphi method. Methods The panel used a five-level Likert scale to record agreement or disagreement with 33 statements regarding distal rectus femoris surgery. The panel responded to statements regarding general characteristics, clinical indications, computerized gait data, intraoperative techniques and outcome measures. Consensus was defined as at least 80% of responses being in the highest or lowest two of the five Likert ratings, and general agreement as 60% to 79% falling into the highest or lowest two ratings. There was no agreement if neither threshold was reached. Results Consensus or general agreement was reached for 17 of 33 statements (52%). There was general consensus that distal rectus femoris surgery is better for stiff knee gait than is proximal rectus femoris release. There was no consensus about whether the results of distal rectus femoris release were comparable to those following distal rectus femoris transfer. Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level was an important factor for the panel, with the best outcomes expected in children functioning at GMFCS levels I and II. The panel also reached consensus that they do distal rectus femoris surgery less frequently than earlier in their careers, in large part reflecting the narrowing of indications for this surgery over the last decade. Conclusion This study can help paediatric orthopaedic surgeons optimize decision-making for, and outcomes of, distal rectus femoris surgery in children with CP. Level of evidence V
O MODELO DE RACIONALIDADE COMO UMA HERANÇA DO PENSAMENTO MODERNO: UMA CRÍTICA À LUZ DA NOVA RETÓRICA
Authors: Oliveira Eduardo Chagas 
Published: June 2021

A partir de uma crítica ao modelo de racionalidade edificado pelos pensadores modernos, encontra-se um ponto de convergência entre teorias empiristas e racionalistas, no que se refere ao abandono de critérios de validação do conhecimento associados à argumentação e às estruturas não-formais de raciocínio. Considerando que existe uma marca indelével na construção do pensamento acadêmico-científico, que se traduz como uma herança deixada pelo racionalismo cartesiano, Perelman sugere uma proposta metodológica argumentativa, compatível com a ideia de razoabilidade, em substituição às provas demonstrativas, mais adequadas ao campo das ciências formais, inspiradas no modelo analítico. O texto resgata ideias de filósofos modernos e antigos – como Descartes, Hume, Hobbes, Aristóteles e Platão – situando as suas teorias no projeto de construção de uma metodologia de investigação compatível com o campo das Humanidades, que inclui as Ciências Humanas e as Sociais Aplicadas, através da proposta de uma lógica do razoável, de Luis Recaséns Siches, que serviu de inspiração para a sustentação da vertente belga da Teoria da Argumentação, designada como Nova Retórica.
Bidirectional grating based interleaved angled MMI for high-uniformity
wavelength division (de)multiplexing and surface-normal fiber
packaging
Authors: Zhang Zanyun , Liu Tianjun , Zhang Kaixin , Li Meixin , Liu Hongwei , Li Hongqiang , Niu Pingjuan , Gu Erdan 
Published: June 2021

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a vertical fiber interfacing interleaved
angled multimode interference (MMI) coupler for wavelength-division
multiplexing (WDM) applications. This four-channel WDM device
comprises two

1

×

2

angled MMI couplers and a
bidirectional grating-based Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI)
structure. In the MZI optical interleaver, the uniform bidirectional
grating functions as both the perfectly vertical grating coupler and
the 3 dB power splitter. Benefitting from the flat-top coupling
spectrum of the grating coupler, a high-uniformity wavelength-division
(de)multiplexing can be achieved with a simulated insertion loss of
3.15–3.36 dB (the nonuniformity of 0.22 dB). The angled MMIs (AMMIs)
are designed and optimized using the eigenmode expansion method. For
wavelength matching between the MZI and AMMIs, the circuit simulation
model of the interleaved AMMI is built by importing the S-parameter
matrices of all the optical components extracted from the physical
level simulations. The device was fabricated using standard CMOS
technology and all the features were patterned with the 193-nm deep-UV
lithography. Experimental results obtained without thermal tuning are
in good agreement with the simulation results. The device exhibits an
insertion loss of 4.5–4.65 dB (nonuniformity of 0.15 dB), channel
spacing of 10 nm, and cross talk of

−

(

21.62
−
26

)

d
B

.
Relaxation characteristics for efficient fluorescence lifetime detection of gain media in the fiber laser
Authors: Zhu Desheng , Zhao Yuanyang , Tu Yourui , Li Ruifeng , Liu Keyan , Zhao Yunkun , Yu Benli , Lu Liang 
Published: June 2021

By using different active materials as gain media, we demonstrate a system aimed to measure the fluorescence lifetime of gain media in the fiber laser by utilizing the correlation between the laser’s relaxation oscillation characteristics and the fluorescence lifetime of the active materials. As the advantages of extremely compact configuration, non-destructive and real time of the system, the fluorescence lifetime of gain media composed of materials of erbium–ytterbium-doped or erbium-doped have been measured, whose results are 20.2 µs and 1.62 ms, respectively. The proposed method provides a new, to the best of our knowledge, idea for real-time monitoring of fluorescence lifetime in the fiber laser.
Targets for intervention to prevent substance use in young people exposed to childhood adversity: A systematic review
Authors: Grummitt Lucinda , Kelly Erin , Barrett Emma , Keyes Katherine , Newton Nicola 
Published: June 2021

Background and aims
Childhood adversity is a strong, and concerningly prevalent, risk factor for the later development of substance misuse. Yet despite substantial accumulating evidence for causal mechanisms, there has been little attempt to synthesize the strength of the evidence. Importantly, these mechanisms may be amenable to intervention, providing targets for substance use prevention among those exposed to childhood adversity. The present review aimed to systematically identify mediating and moderating mechanisms operating between childhood adversity and substance use.

Methods
A systematic review was conducted. Electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and CINAHL) were searched from 1998 to 2020 for modifiable mediators and moderators of the relationship between childhood adversity and substance use in people aged 10–24. Data was qualitatively synthesised, using a socio-ecological perspective to group mediators/moderators into individual, interpersonal, community, and public policy/cultural levels of behaviour.

Results
After screening against eligibility criteria, 50 studies were included in the current review. The mediators at the individual level of behaviour showing the largest and most consistent effect sizes included externalising behaviour, anger, coping motives for substance use, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. Among individual-level moderators, religiosity, future orientation and depressive symptoms all attenuated the relationship between childhood adversity and substance use. At the interpersonal level, peer relationships and mother-child relationships mediated the effect of adversity on substance use. Moderators included family cohesion and relationship quality. Community factors were less commonly studied, though school mobility and educational achievement mediated 14% and 28% of the total effect of childhood adversity on substance use respectively. No mediators or moderators were identified for public policy/culture.

Conclusions
A substantial proportion of the relationship between childhood adversity and substance use in youth is mediated through individual, interpersonal and community factors. Coupled with the knowledge that existing, evidence-based programs effectively address many of the identified mediators and moderators, this review advances knowledge on optimal targets to prevent substance misuse among those exposed to childhood adversity.
Association between well-being and compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures by healthcare professionals: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Shah Shimoni Urvish , Xiu Ling Loo Evelyn , En Chua Chun , Sen Kew Guan , Demutska Alla , Quek Sabrina , Wong Scott , Lau Hui Xing , Low En Xian Sarah , Loh Tze Liang , Lung Ooi Shien , Hung Emily C. W. , Rahman M. Masudur , Ghoshal Uday C. , Wong Sunny H. , Cheung Cynthia K. Y. , Syam Ari F. , Tan Niandi , Xiao Yinglian , Liu Jin-Song , Lu Fang , Chen Chien-Lin , Lee Yeong Yeh , Maralit Ruter M. , Kim Yong-Sung , Oshima Tadayuki , Miwa Hiroto , Siah Kewin Tien Ho , Pang Junxiong 
Published: June 2021

Importance
Knowledge and attitude influence compliance and individuals’ practices. The risk and protective factors associated with high compliance to these preventive measures are critical to enhancing pandemic preparedness.

Objective
This survey aims to assess differences in mental health, knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of preventive measures for COVID-19 amongst healthcare professionals (HCP) and non-healthcare professionals.

Design
Multi-national cross-sectional study was carried out using electronic surveys between May-June 2020.

Setting
Multi-national survey was distributed across 36 countries through social media, word-of-mouth, and electronic mail.

Participants
Participants ≥21 years working in healthcare and non-healthcare related professions.

Main outcome
Risk factors determining the difference in KAP towards personal hygiene and social distancing measures during COVID-19 amongst HCP and non-HCP.

Results
HCP were significantly more knowledgeable on personal hygiene (AdjOR 1.45, 95% CI -1.14 to 1.83) and social distancing (AdjOR 1.31, 95% CI -1.06 to 1.61) compared to non-HCP. They were more likely to have a positive attitude towards personal hygiene and 1.5 times more willing to participate in the contact tracing app. There was high compliance towards personal hygiene and social distancing measures amongst HCP. HCP with high compliance were 1.8 times more likely to flourish and more likely to have a high sense of emotional (AdjOR 1.94, 95% CI (1.44 to 2.61), social (AdjOR 2.07, 95% CI -1.55 to 2.78), and psychological (AdjOR 2.13, 95% CI (1.59–2.85) well-being.

Conclusion and relevance
While healthcare professionals were more knowledgeable, had more positive attitudes, their higher sense of total well-being was seen to be more critical to enhance compliance. Therefore, focusing on the well-being of the general population would help to enhance their compliance towards the preventive measures for COVID-19.
Steganographic Methods Resistant to JPEG Compression
Authors: Kurkina M.V. , Ponomarev I.V. , Strokin D.I. 
Published: June 2021

The active development of computer systems and information technologies implies an increase in the importance of ensuring the protection and security of information during its transfer or storage. Today, the fulfillment of the necessary data confidentiality requirements tends to the direction of cryptography and steganography. The choice of the applied method of encoding information directly depends on the goals of the user, as well as the available software. The main requirement for the message encoding process is the availability of acceptable computational complexity of the implementation.
The article discusses methods of ensuring data confidentiality employing digital steganography, using BMP images as container files, and carrying out their subsequent compression to the JPEG format without losing hidden information. Mathematical methods of constructing a stegosystem for encoding ASCII are studied — a message, each character of which is encoded with exactly one byte. As a result, a computer program was created based on the Microsoft Visual Studio 2017 programming environment and the C# programming language (.NET Framework). The stereotype, in this case, is a sequence of steps between image pixels, into which information is embedded. In this case, the algorithm allows you to memorize not the entire sequence of steps (that is, not the entire keystroke), but only the first five characters of the key or half of the key.
Für eine neue hermeneutische Theologie
Authors: Tétaz Jean-Marc , Leiner Martin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Article and theses basically describe the program of a New Hermeneutical Theology. The article explains how the New Hermeneutical Theology relates to the classical Hermeneutical Theology of Ernst Fuchs, Gerhard Ebeling and Eberhard Jüngel, and to actual theological programs in Germany, such as Ingolf Dalferth, Christian Danz, and Folkart Wittekind. New Hermeneutical Theology‘s main systematic proposition is to work on the ground of linguistic and philosophical understandings of language and to consider language as a level where a fruitful dialogue between theology, Humanities and Social Sciences can take place. Paul Ricoeur is a main source of inspiration for the New Hermeneutical Theology. Already since the 1960ies, Ricoeur elaborated a hermeneutic grounded in a theory of language. This led to critical and constructive discussions with Hermeneutical Theologians. The theses show some of the systematical coherences of the New Hermeneutical Theology and its impact on different areas of Dogmatic and Ethics.
The relationship of bone mineral density with the of the intima-media thickness in premenopausal women
Authors: Dudinskaya Ekaterina N. , Tkacheva Olga N. , Matchekhina Lubov V. , Eruslanova Kseniia A. , Kovalev Igor A. , Shkolnikova Maria A. , Leontjeva Irina V. 
Published: June 2021

Background: Osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are among the most common causes of morbidity, disability and death worldwide. In recent years, more and more data have been accumulating on the presence of an age-independent relationship and general pathogenetic mechanisms of a decrease in bone mineral density (BMD) and the development of CVD. It has been shown that a decrease in BMD is an important independent predictor of the risk of atherosclerosis of the great arteries and is associated with increased calcification of the aorta and other vessels. The strongest relationship between these parameters was observed in the study of the female population, in connection with which we selected a group of middle-aged women for analysis.Objective: to investigate the association between bone mineral density and carotid intima-media thickness in middle-aged women.Results: 35 women were included in the study. The mean age was 44,74±4,32 years. We found the following changes in arterial wall characteristics: atherosclerosis — 21,9% women, increased carotid intima thickness — 15,7% women. Low bone mineral density for chronological age (Z-criteria -2,0 and less) was found in 7 patients at the age of 35±2,7 years. We discovered a negative correlation between the markers of subclinical atherosclerosis and bone mass: Ccarotid intimamedia thickness negatively correlated with bone mineral density in hip (p<0,05), and presence of atherosclerosis plaques was associated with lower bone mineral density in the proximal part of hip (p<0,05).Conclusion: The findings about negative association between bone mineral density of hip with preclinical markers of atherosclerosis allow us to make a conclusion about their interaction.
SUSTENTABILIDADE DOS MEIOS DE VIDA E VULNERABILIDADE SOCIOAMBIENTAL: ESTUDOS COMPARTILHADOS ENTRE BRASIL E CUBA
Authors: Pimentel Márcia Aparecida da Silva , Szlafsztein Claudio Fabian , Montero Ofelia Pérez , Batista Celene Milanés 
Published: June 2021

Acordos celebrados entre instituições de ensino e fomento à pesquisa entre Brasil e Cuba têm aproximado pesquisadores para debater assuntos relacionados à capacitação de comunidades ao enfrentamento de mudanças ambientais, com destaque àquelas relacionadas aos eventos meteorológicos extremos. Este artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre sustentabilidade dos meios de vida e sugere estratégias para reduzir a vulnerabilidade socioambiental em duas comunidades, uma localizada na Região Norte do Brasil e a outra, na porção Sul-Oriental de Cuba, com base em indicadores qualitativos. Realizou-se revisão bibliográfica e documental, bem como observações nas áreas de estudo. Aplicou-se a Matriz Fortaleza, Oportunidades, Fraquezas e Ameaças (SWOT, em inglês), para obter informações de base local, as quais, após agrupadas nas dimensões do Capital, permitiram a construção de sete indicadores, que revelaram baixa sustentabilidade das comunidades pesquisadas. Com base nos resultados, ressalta-se a importância da ampliação de projetos interinstitucionais e a implementação de políticas públicas eficientes ao fortalecimento dessas comunidades.
Cultural and Identity Values of the Rugova Region in Function to Develop Tourism in Kosovo
Authors: LAJÇI Dardan , KUQI Bekë , KARJAGDIU Lirak 
Published: June 2021

Natural and socio-cultural heritage for the tourism development of a country or different countries of the world is a prerequisite for sustainable development. Monuments of nature and culture are part of the identity of a nation and important factors of its economic and social development. Monuments of nature and culture, handicrafts, cooking, etc., can be opportunities as an object of construction of tourist projects. Rugova region is known for a series of rich characteristics such as: Wild trees, forests, lakes, rich fauna and flora, mountain tourism, water resources, cultural values, especially in the category of Epic, folklore, toponyms, traditional Rugova man's clothing, woman and girl, white scarf as a special feature of the elderly inhabitants of the area, etc., which indicate a place that still produces traditional values. There is also a tradition of food, a tradition of towers, special architectural construction that enables the development and use of natural resources. The production and processing of medicinal plants also enables a contribution to mountain tourism.
The research method was used to use all existing literature on cultural heritage and tourism development in the mountainous region of Rugova. Various studies and publications of local and foreign archaeologists, sociologists and scholars on cultural heritage and mountain tourism have been used.
A política de contratação de professores temporários na rede municipal de ensino de Cametá (Pará, Brasil, 2013-2020)
Authors: Feldman Ariel , Costa Daihana Maria dos Santos 
Published: June 2021

Objetiva-se analisar a política de contratação de professores temporários na rede municipal de ensino de Cametá durante as duas últimas gestões municipais (2013–2020). O foco central da pesquisa é a investigação das interfaces entre disputa pelo poder político local (municipal) e a gestão educacional. Trata-se de um estudo de caso em abordagem qualitativa, tendo como procedimentos de coleta de dados análise documental, entrevistas, observação participante e aplicação de questionário fechado (survey). Nosso referencial teórico pautou-se em pressupostos da antropologia da política, tendo o conceito clientelismo como categoria analítica central, bem como ancorou-se em literatura que privilegia estudos realizados a partir do município. Os resultados indicam que a prática de contratação de professores temporários em Cametá incide majoritariamente em escolas da zona rural, sendo pautada em relações de natureza clientelista envolvendo diversos atores, sobretudo vereadores, professores temporários e diretores de escola. Ademais, observou-se a precarização do trabalho docente dos temporários, com atrasos salariais recorrenetes e meses trabalhados sem receber, sendo a atuação do ministério público insuficiente diante de um cenário de inobservância do arcabouço legal que regula o magistério.
Setting the Budget for Targeted Research Projects
Authors: De Chiara Alessandro , Iossa Elisabetta 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
We consider a funding competition for targeted projects. Potential participants have stochastic opportunity costs, and do not know the number of competitors. The funding agency sets a budget cap indicating the maximum funding that participants may request. We show that raising the budget cap helps to attract more participants but causes an increase in the requested funds. A higher budget cap is optimal when the preferences of researchers and the funding agency are more congruent, competition is lower, targeted projects have larger social value, the cost of public funds is smaller, or bidding preparation costs are lower.
The Impact of Brexit on the EU Development Policy: Selected Political Issues
Authors: Szynol Monika 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe European Union (EU) is the most generous donor of international development cooperation—it transfers more than a half of the world’s Official Development Assistance (ODA). In fact, the EU development policy is depending on three major contributors: France, Germany and the United Kingdom (UK), which are also among the top countries making the largest transfers to development cooperation. However, special attention should be paid to the UK, belonging to the avant-garde of international development cooperation. The United Kingdom is not only a part of the EU assistance wallet but also an important partner in shaping the development policy. This article attempts to answer the main research question: what impact will Brexit have on the EU development policy? The analysis covers the political plane, and the following elements will be taken into consideration: the impact of the UK’s withdrawal from the organisation on shaping the EU development policy (its geographical and thematic concentration), and the ability to fulfil development commitments, which were undertaken by the Member States and the organisation. Consequently, Brexit may lead to reshaping the EU partnership with the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States (ACP), as well as undermine the EU’s ability to meet its obligations in the development area.