bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of expression of epigenetic molecular factors with DNA methylation and sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents in cancer cell lines
Authors: Vural Suleyman , Palmisano Alida , Reinhold William C. , Pommier Yves , Teicher Beverly A. , Krushkal Julia 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Altered DNA methylation patterns play important roles in cancer development and progression. We examined whether expression levels of genes directly or indirectly involved in DNA methylation and demethylation may be associated with response of cancer cell lines to chemotherapy treatment with a variety of antitumor agents.

Results
We analyzed 72 genes encoding epigenetic factors directly or indirectly involved in DNA methylation and demethylation processes. We examined association of their pretreatment expression levels with methylation beta-values of individual DNA methylation probes, DNA methylation averaged within gene regions, and average epigenome-wide methylation levels. We analyzed data from 645 cancer cell lines and 23 cancer types from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer datasets. We observed numerous correlations between expression of genes encoding epigenetic factors and response to chemotherapeutic agents. Expression of genes encoding a variety of epigenetic factors, including KDM2B, DNMT1, EHMT2, SETDB1, EZH2, APOBEC3G, and other genes, was correlated with response to multiple agents. DNA methylation of numerous target probes and gene regions was associated with expression of multiple genes encoding epigenetic factors, underscoring complex regulation of epigenome methylation by multiple intersecting molecular pathways. The genes whose expression was associated with methylation of multiple epigenome targets encode DNA methyltransferases, TET DNA methylcytosine dioxygenases, the methylated DNA-binding protein ZBTB38, KDM2B, SETDB1, and other molecular factors which are involved in diverse epigenetic processes affecting DNA methylation. While baseline DNA methylation of numerous epigenome targets was correlated with cell line response to antitumor agents, the complex relationships between the overlapping effects of each epigenetic factor on methylation of specific targets and the importance of such influences in tumor response to individual agents require further investigation.

Conclusions
Expression of multiple genes encoding epigenetic factors is associated with drug response and with DNA methylation of numerous epigenome targets that may affect response to therapeutic agents. Our findings suggest complex and interconnected pathways regulating DNA methylation in the epigenome, which may both directly and indirectly affect response to chemotherapy.
Sex differences in noise-induced hearing loss: a cross-sectional study in China
Authors: Wang Qixuan , Wang Xueling , Yang Lu , Han Kun , Huang Zhiwu , Wu Hao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
Significant sex differences exist in hearing physiology, while few human studies have investigated sex differences in noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), and the sex bias in previous studies resulted in inadequate female data. The study aims to investigate sex differences in the characteristics of NIHL to provide insight into sex-specific risk factors, prevention strategies and treatment for NIHL.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 2280 industrial noise-exposed shipyard workers (1140 males and 1140 females matched for age, job and employment length) in China. Individual noise exposure levels were measured to calculate the cumulative noise exposure (CNE), and an audiometric test was performed by an experienced technician in a soundproof booth. Sex differences in and influencing factors of low-frequency (LFHL) and high-frequency hearing loss (HFHL) were analyzed using logistic regression models stratified by age and CNE.

Results
At comparable noise exposure levels and ages, the prevalence of HFHL was significantly higher in males (34.4%) than in females (13.8%), and males had a higher prevalence of HFHL (OR = 4.19, 95% CI 3.18 to 5.52) after adjusting for age, CNE, and other covariates. Sex differences were constant and highly remarkable among subjects aged 30 to 40 years and those with a CNE of 80 to 95 dB(A). Alcohol consumption might be a risk factor for HFHL in females (OR = 3.12, 95% CI 1.10 to 8.89).

Conclusions
This study indicates significant sex differences in NIHL. Males are at higher risk of HFHL than females despite equivalent noise exposure and age. The risk factors for NIHL might be different in males and females.
Time-series topic analysis using singular spectrum transformation for detecting political business cycles
Authors: Kato Sota , Nakanishi Takafumi , Ahsan Budrul , Shimauchi Hirokazu 
Published: March 2021

AbstractHerein, we present a novel topic variation detection method that combines a topic extraction method and a change-point detection method. It extracts topics from time-series text data as the feature of each time and detects change points from the changing patterns of the extracted topics. We applied this method to analyze the valuable, albeit underutilized, text dataset containing the Japanese Prime Minister’s (PM’s) detailed daily activities for over 32 years. The proposed method and data provide novel insights into the empirical analyses of political business cycles, which is a classical issue in economics and political science. For instance, as our approach enables us to directly observe and analyze the PM’s actions, it can overcome the empirical challenges encountered by previous research owing to the unobservability of the PM’s behavior. Our empirical observations are primarily consistent with recent theoretical developments regarding this topic. Despite limitations, by employing a completely novel method and dataset, our approach enhances our understanding and provides new insights into this classic issue.
An exploratory study of food addiction in Indian youth
Authors: Ghosh Tamoghna , Sarkar Siddharth , Tilak Aman , Kochhar Kanwal Preet 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background and aims
As the understanding of food addiction increases, there is a need to explore the occurrence of this condition in different population groups. This exploratory study aimed to assess the occurrence of food addiction in a sample of respondents from India using a Hindi version of the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS).

Methods
The Hindi language version of the scale was developed using the back-translation methodology. Subsequently, an online questionnaire-based study was conducted using convenience sampling which presented the Hindi version of YFAS.

Results
From 376 respondents (median age 19 years, 42.8% males), the rate of occurrence of food addiction was 13.3%. Persistent desire or repeated unsuccessful attempts to quit was the most common symptom domain endorsed. The weight (median 67 kg versus 60 kg) and BMI (median 25.89 kg/ m2versus 23.04 kg/ m2) were higher in the food addiction group as compared to the non-food addiction group.

Conclusions
Despite the limitations of potential selection bias, this exploratory study suggests that food addiction may be present in a proportion of young aged Indians. The association of food addiction with higher weight and BMI suggests propensity to develop metabolic syndrome, and the need to evaluate interventions that could modify phenomenological expression of food addiction.
Generalized fiducial inference on the mean of zero-inflated Poisson and Poisson hurdle models
Authors: Zou Yixuan , Hannig Jan , Young Derek S. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractZero-inflated and hurdle models are widely applied to count data possessing excess zeros, where they can simultaneously model the process from how the zeros were generated and potentially help mitigate the effects of overdispersion relative to the assumed count distribution. Which model to use depends on how the zeros are generated: zero-inflated models add an additional probability mass on zero, while hurdle models are two-part models comprised of a degenerate distribution for the zeros and a zero-truncated distribution. Developing confidence intervals for such models is challenging since no closed-form function is available to calculate the mean. In this study, generalized fiducial inference is used to construct confidence intervals for the means of zero-inflated Poisson and Poisson hurdle models. The proposed methods are assessed by an intensive simulation study. An illustrative example demonstrates the inference methods.
Previously unknown behavior in parasitic cuckoo females: male-like vocalization during migratory activity
Authors: Meshcheryagina Swetlana G. , Opaev Alexey 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundIn the last decade, enigmatic male-like cuckoo calls have been reported several times in East Asia. These calls exhibited a combination of vocal traits of both Oriental Cuckoo (Cuculus optatus) and Common Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) advertising calls, and some authors therefore suggested that the enigmatic calls were produced by either Common × Oriental Cuckoo male hybrids or Common Cuckoo males having a gene mutation. However, the exact identity of calling birds are still unknown.MethodsWe recorded previously unknown male-like calls from three captive Oriental Cuckoo females, and compared these calls with enigmatic vocalizations recorded in the wild as well as with advertising vocalizations of Common and Oriental Cuckoo males. To achieve this, we measured calls automatically. Besides, we video-recorded captive female emitting male-like calls, and compared these recordings with the YouTube recordings of calling males of both Common and Oriental Cuckoos to get insight into the mechanism of call production.ResultsThe analysis showed that female male-like calls recorded in captivity were similar to enigmatic calls recorded in the wild. Therefore, Oriental Cuckoo females might produce the latter calls. Two features of these female calls appeared to be unusual among birds. First, females produced male-like calls at the time of spring and autumn migratory activity and on migration in the wild. Because of this, functional significance of this call remained puzzling. Secondly, the male-like female call unexpectedly combined features of both closed-mouth (closed beak and simultaneous inflation of the ‘throat sac’) and open-mouth (prominent harmonic spectrum and the maximum neck extension observed at the beginning of a sound) vocal behaviors.ConclusionsTheCuculusvocalizations outside the reproductive season remain poorly understood. Here, we found for the first time that Oriental Cuckoo females can produce male-like calls in that time. Because of its rarity, this call might be an atavism. Indeed, female male-like vocalizations are still known in non-parasitic tropical and apparently more basal cuckoos only. Therefore, our findings may shed light on the evolution of vocal communication in avian brood parasites.
Cancer interception by interceptor molecules: mechanistic, preclinical and human translational studies with chlorophylls
Authors: Dashwood Roderick H. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBefore ‘cancer interception’ was first advocated, ‘interceptor molecules’ had been conceived as a sub-category of preventive agents that interfered with the earliest initiation steps in carcinogenesis. Three decades ago, a seminal review cataloged over fifty synthetic agents and natural products that were known or putative interceptor molecules. Chlorophylls and their derivatives garnered much interest based on the potent antimutagenic activity in the Salmonella assay, and the subsequent mechanistic work that provided proof-of-concept for direct molecular complexes with planar aromatic carcinogens. As the ‘interceptor molecule’ hypothesis evolved, mechanistic experiments and preclinical studies supported the view that chlorophylls can interact with environmental heterocyclic amines, aflatoxins, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to limit their uptake and bioavailability in vivo. Support also came from human translational studies involving ultralow dose detection in healthy volunteers, as well as intervention in at-risk subjects. Antimutagenic and antigenotoxic effects of natural and synthetic chlorophylls against small alkylating agents also highlighted the fact that non-interceptor mechanisms existed. This gave impetus to investigations broadly related to free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory effects, immune modulation and photodynamic therapy. Therapeutic aspects of chlorophylls also were investigated, with evidence for cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human cancer cells. As the science has evolved, new mechanistic leads continue to support the use and development of chlorophylls and their porphyrin derivatives for cancer interception, beyond the initial interest as interceptor molecules.
Looking into the future ten years later: big full containerships and their arrival to south American ports
Authors: Sánchez Ricardo J. , Perrotti Daniel E. , Fort Alejandra Gomez Paz 
Published: March 2021

AbstractSince 2006, when the Emma Maersk broke into the world of shipping, the growth in containership size has remained a continuous trend.For the last 14 years, since 2006, the enlargement of fullcontainerships size has remained a continuous trend since Emma Maersk broke into the world of shipping. This process - that also affected north-south trades - has crucial implications in the shipping business, particularly in the planning of ports and its services and related activities. This paper analyses the global increase in vessel size and forecasts larger vessels’ arrival to South American coasts. The paper analyses evidence since 2006 to understand the factors behind the trend for bigger ships (fleets between 18,000 and 24,000 TEU) and introduce a validated methodology for the prediction of the size of container ships. Experts presented a consensus vision in which factors associated with infrastructure, economics, technology, and the environment play a crucial role in driving the trend. Next, the paper presents a methodology for forecasting the size of containerships and applies it to Latin America’s trade. The models include two alternative thresholds for the dependent variables (1310 ft LOA and 18,000 TEU of nominal capacity) that are controlled by cascading effect (i.e., the size gap between Latin America and the world’s main trade routes), and the economic activity at the destination countries (represented by port activity). Finally, the conclusions highlight the forecast’s call to take action on infrastructure planning and investments, analyzing issues such as “economies of scale,” concentration, or entry barriers. Overall, the paper warns about the importance of efficient medium-term planning in the port industry to maximize its economic impact.
Prognostic value of GRACE score for in-hospital and 6 months outcomes after non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Kumar Dileep , Ashok Arti , Saghir Tahir , Khan Naveedullah , Solangi Bashir Ahmed , Ahmed Tariq , Karim Musa , Abid Khadijah , Bai Reeta , Kumari Rekha , Kumar Hitesh 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score for predicting in-hospital and 6 months mortality after non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS).

Results
In this observational study, 300 patients with NSTE-ACS of age more than 30 years were included; 16 patients died during the hospital stay (5.3%). Of 284 patients at 6 months assessment, 10 patients died (3.5%), 240 survived (84.5%), and 34 were lost to follow-up (12%) respectively. In high risk category, 10.5% of the patients died within hospital stay and 11.8% died within 6 months (p = 0.001 and p = 0.013). In univariate analysis, gender, diabetes mellitus, family history, smoking, and GRACE score were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality whereas age, obesity, dyslipidemia, and GRACE were significantly associated with 6 months mortality. After adjustment, diabetes mellitus, family history, and GRACE score remained significantly associated with in-hospital mortality (p ≤ 0.05) and age remained significantly associated with 6 months mortality.

Conclusion
GRACE risk score has good predictive value for the prediction of in-hospital mortality and 6 months mortality among patients with NSTE-ACS.
Dysmetabolic mechanisms of preeclampsia development
Authors: Lipatov I. S. , Tezikov Yu. V. , Azamatov A. R. 
Published: March 2021

Background: An in-depth study of dismetabolic mechanisms in the genesis of pre-eclampsia (PE) has been updated because pregnancy is considered as a natural model of metabolic syndrome (MS), as well as the metabolic disorders are important in development of essential hypertension.Aims: to reveal clinical and laboratory parallels in pregnancy complicated by PE without MS and pregnancy proceeding on the background of MS to assess the role of metabolic disturbances in the development of PE.Materials and methods: 82 women with MS were examined in the dynamics of pregnancy and were divided into 2 groups depending on the implementation of PE: group I consisted of 50 women with PE on the background of MS, group II 32 women with MS without PE. We formed group III consisting of 44 pregnant women with PE without accompanying diseases to assess the pathogenetic value of metabolic disorders in the development of PE. The IV (control) group consisted of 30 healthy women with physiological pregnancy. Metabolic, hematological parameters, hormones, markers of the proinflammatory state, endothelial hemostasiological dysfunction, decidualization and placental angiogenesis, accumulation dynamics and distribution loci of adipose tissue were determined in all pregnant women.Results: In the groups of pregnant women with PE, changes similar to MS were revealed: pronounced diabetic and atherogenic disorders with the development of pathological insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and leptinemia, endothelial-platelet link hyperactivation, thrombotic and inflammatory status, visceral type of fat deposition, hyperuricemia, hypersympathicotonia. It is proved that in the hierarchy of mechanisms of PE formation, placental dysfunction is a secondary alteration factor, which additionally potentiates the insulin resistance increase and the effects of structural and functional destabilization of the vascular endothelium.Conclusions: The direction of metabolic changes during pregnancy, the common development of PE and MS indicate the important role of dismetabolic mechanisms in the formation of PE.
Psoriasis and metabolic syndrome: a review
Authors: Ufimtseva M. A. , Popov A. A. , Fedotova L. V. , Mylnikova E. S. , Bochkarev Yu. M. , Zhunisova D. S. 
Published: March 2021

Psoriasis is the most common chronic dermatosis and affects 1–2% of the population of developed countries. In Russia, psoriasis incidence rate has increased by 11% since 2011. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory and immune-mediated skin disease and it is often associated with metabolic syndrome and its components such as obesity, arterial hypertension, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. The risk of developing metabolic syndrome in patients with psoriasis is 40% higher than in the general population. Psoriasis and metabolic syndrome share some pathogenic mechanisms such as chronic low-grade systemic inflammation and an increased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Systemic inflammation causes obesity, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes. These conditions increase the risk of mortality among patients. There is a link between the severity of psoriasis and metabolic syndrome and associated with severe rash, reduction of the remission and higher risk of psoriatic arthritis development. The carriers of the risk allele of FTO gene are associated with severe psoriasis, presence of psoriatic arthritis and obesity. The article presents the issues of epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis of psoriasis and metabolic syndrome.
Obesity with and without type 2 diabetes: are there differences in obesity history, lifestyle factors or concomitant pathology?
Authors: Shestakova E. A. , Yashkov Yu. I. , Rebrova O. Yu. , Kats M. V. , Samsonova M. D. , Dedov I. I. 
Published: March 2021

Background: Obesity is one of the most significant risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D), but a large number of patients with morbid obesity maintain normal glycemia for a long time. There are no definite easy-to-measure clinical features that distinguish severely obese people who will or will not develop T2D. These features may be useful in clinical practice to predict T2D development in obese patients.Aims: We aimed to identify clinical features (lifestyle factors, obesity history, concomitant diseases) that may be associated with T2D in obese patients.Materials and methods: The study was conducted at single center during 2002 and 2017 and recruited patients with BMI≥30 kg/m2 who attended bariatric surgeon. Patients weight and height were assessed by the doctor, other features were obtained from the questionnaire: overweight and obesity history (age of onset, duration, family history of obesity), lifestyle factors, T2D and concomitant diseases medical history. Patients were divided into 2 groups with regard to the presence of T2D. Data analysis was performed with Statistica 13.3.Results: The study included 170 patients with known T2D and 528 patients without history of T2D and prediabetes. Both groups had similar gender structure, as well as current and peak BMI. There were no significant differences in overweight/obesity duration, obesity family history, lifestyle factors and smoking status of patients. Obese patients without T2D were younger than T2D patients at the time of T2D onset (median age 40 and 45 years respectively). Patients without T2D started to gain weight earlier than those with T2D (median age 17 and 25 years respectively) and reached their peak BMI during 1 year before study entry, while patients with T2D went through maximum weight previously. The frequencies of concomitant diseases didn’t differ between the groups with the exception of hypertension that started later in patients with T2D (median age 51 and 47 years in patients with and without T2D respectively); also patients with T2D had gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and chronic back pain less often than patients without T2D with regard to age.Conclusions: Clinical features that distinguished obese patients with and without T2D were age at the start of overweight/ obesity and concomitant disease profile (hypertension, GERD, chronic back pain) at corresponding age.
Abundance and Length-Weight Relationship of Fishes from Sungai Sepang Besar, Selangor
Authors: A Ya N , R Singh H 
Published: March 2021

This study was conducted to determine the abundance and the length-weight relationship of fishes of Sungai Sepang Besar (SSB), Selangor. A total of 832 individuals from 32 families comprising 50 species were collected from April 2014 to February 2015 by utilizing gill nets of various mesh size (1.25, 2.25, 2.50, 2.75, 3 and 4.5 inch) and long lines. The family Toxotidae was most abundant with a total of 474 individuals sampled comprising 2 species namely, Toxotes jaculatrix (n=288) and Toxotes chatareus (n=186). The Shannon-Weiner Index (2.37) and the Pielou Evennes (0.21) was low but the Margalefâ€™s richness (7.29) was relatively high. Arius sagor, Photopectoralis bindus, Toxotes jaculatrix, Thryssa dussumieri, and Stolephorus indicus demonstrated positive allometric growth (b>3) while Plotosus lineatus and Toxotes chatareus showed negative allometric growth (b<3). Understanding abundance and the length-weight relationship of fish is important not only for species conservation and management, but also their habitat use.Â Â Â