bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review on Coumarin Derivatives as Potent Anti-tuberculosis Agents
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Mujeeb Samar , Yogi Bhumika , Ansari Vaseem , Sinha Shweta 
Published: September 2021

Background:Tuberculosis (TB) is an acute or chronic infectious disease caused by several species of Mycobacterium, collectively called tubercle bacilli or Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. Around 10 million people get sick with tuberculosis (TB) each year. TB is the second leading cause of death today after HIV/AIDS. A serious problem in the context of MDR-TB is the extensively drug-resistant TB, which is an important reason for the restricted chemotherapy in TB. Therefore, there is a need to explore new antitubercular (anti-TB) agents. Coumarin is an oxygencontaining heterocyclic compound and can be widely found in many natural products, and many of them display diverse biological activities. The wide spectrum of activities of coumarin molecules has intrigued the scientists to explore the natural coumarins and their synthetic derivatives for their potential as anti-TB drugs.Objective:The objective of this review is to emphasize important coumarin analogs with anti-TB activities and their structure-activity relationships (SAR) for designing better anti-TB agents.Method:Latest, authentic and published reports on various synthetic and natural coumarin derivatives and their anti-TB activities is being thoroughly studied and analyzed. The structural requirements of coumarins as anti-TB drugs have also been studied.Results:Collection and compilation of reports on various synthetic and natural coumarin derivatives and their anti-TB activities are being performed.Conclusion:The study provides the latest report on coumarin derivatives synthesized as anti-TB agent and whether their activity depends on structural changes or not.
The Role of Estonian Community Settings for Achieving Independent Living for Persons with Disabilities in Eastern European Countries
Authors: Mammadov Vugar 
Published: September 2021

This article is dedicated to analysing the implementation of Article 19 (paragraphs ‘b’ and ‘c’) of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (hereby: the CRPD) in community settings in Estonia and how Estonian experiences can shift the development of independent living and deinstitutionalization in other non-European Union member countries of Eastern Europe. In this regard, this article depicts the details of independent living for persons with mental health problems according to the UN CRPD Committee. Furthermore, the introduction of Maarja Küla (village) SA and its role in providing independent living has been highlighted as well. Finally, the primary obstacles in Eastern European countries ahead of establishing an independent living as well as solutions for the implementation of Article 19 are underlined, and as an author, I have emphasized how to foster deinstitutionalization in the conclusion.
In most congregated community settings where organizational management techniques have relied on the medical model of disability rather than the social model of disability, inhabitants suffer from legal incapacitation in most cases. These community settings had been established before the adoption of the CRPD, but gradually have been developed and adjusted to the fundamental principles of the Convention. In my view, a human rights approach has been emerging in such places, though the UN CRPD Committee has urged to rectify management methods and to promote the social model of disability.
This research paper also aims to describe the current situation in community settings that has arisen following the pandemic and to find out scientific and practical solutions to abolish the remaining elements of the medical model of disability and to substitute the human rights approach towards a social model of disability in the management and philosophical views of community settings for persons with disabilities.
Multicultural heritage as a basis for sustainable development of urban tourism in Warsaw – COVID-19 pandemic time
Authors: Ostrowska-Tryzno Anna , Pawlikowska-Piechotka Anna 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The importance of multiculturalism for the development of tourism, consistently emphasized in the literature, shows the long history and rich tradition of this form of tourism. Poland has historically been a land of transition between East and West, a land where different cultures have existed side by side: German, Jewish, Polish, and Russian. For centuries Poland was a meeting place of different religions and cultures and today’s landscape still shows evidence of this. The catastrophe of World War II brought the annihilation of a multicultural society and created a homogeneity, unprecedented in our history. Jewish heritage and urban cultural tourism: In their almost 2000-year diaspora, Jews have been present in Poland for eight hundred years: from the early middle ages until the Holocaust, the annihilation during World War II. The Jews were distinguished from other community groups by their religion, language, customs, art and architecture. In the interwar period of the 20th century, Poland was home to the largest Jewish community in Europe, distinguished by its enormous cultural and intellectual vitality. Pandemic time: The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has hit the tourism sector hard, and travel restrictions still apply to us. Therefore, it is necessary to verify the forecasts and prepare new recommendations for cultural tourism destinations during and after the pandemic. Conclusions: Recently there has been a revival of interests in Jewish heritage and many tourists (both domestic and foreign) want to explore Jewish culture and remaining monuments of the past. Despite pandemic time restrictions it is also possible, however new actions and policy are required to secure sanitary recommendations and rebuild consumer confidence.
Uso de la prueba de aliento con 13C-glucosa para evaluar la adherencia al tratamiento en ensayos de intervención nutricional
Authors: García-Rojas Vanessa , Maldonado-Hernández Jorge , Mora-Escobedo Rosalva , Izquierdo-Montalvo Georgina , Verma Mahendra P. , Aragón-Aguilar Alfonso , Ángel-Serrato Dominic , Encarnación-Fernández Jorge Saúl , San Martín-Martínez Eduardo 
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Validar el uso de la prueba de aliento con 13C-glucosa para evaluar la adherencia a un tratamiento nutricional. Métodos: Se realizó una prueba piloto, con once adultos, que ingirieron una botana compuesta de soya/almidón de maíz y enriquecida con U-13C-glucosa. Los participantes se dividieron en tres grupos de estudio y consumieron la botana en diferentes períodos de tiempo durante dos semanas (A=14 días, B=10 días, C=6 días). Diariamente se colectaron muestras de aliento para analizar los valores de δ13C, mediante espectrometría de masas de relaciones isotópicas. Resultados: la mediana del AUC (área bajo la curva) de los valores de δ13C del grupo A fue mayor comparada con la del grupo C (p = 0.029); por otro lado, se encontraron diferencias significativas al combinar los grupos (medianas A y B) y ser comparados con el grupo C (p = 0.038). Finalmente, se encontró una asociación negativa entre los valores de AUC δ13C y la intensidad del tratamiento (rho de Spearman = -0,708; p = 0,015). Se pudo establecer un punto de corte ≤ 3,78, para identificar a los sujetos que cumplieron con menos del 70% del tratamiento, con un 100% de especificidad y un 86% de sensibilidad. Conclusiones: La prueba de aliento con 13C-glucosa, sugiere un buen rendimiento diagnóstico para evaluar la adherencia al tratamiento.
Prophylactic Role of Mandukasan and OM Chanting Patients Who Survives with Diabetes
Authors: Menariya Ramkanya , Singh Harshwardhan , Tank Parmesh , Menaria Jeevan 
Published: September 2021

Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most chronic non-communicable diseases in the enire world. Yoga is an part of Indian culture which doing ancient times by our rishi munis. Nowadays science has been considered yoga for management of various diseases i.e. hypertension, diabetes, asthma. In this case study had been conducted to understand effect of yoga in type 2 diabetics. Yoga group were put through mandukasanasana and mandukasan with OM chanting for 40 days. Biochemical parameters was performed i.e. FBG, PPBG and HbA1C. It can be concluded that mandukasan with OM chanting has been helpful as an adjunct to medical therapy to minimize the biochemical parameters. Yoga therapy helpful for the status of diabetics in terms of reduction of drug doses, physical and mental alertness and prevention of various complications related to diabetes.
Keywords: Mandukasan, OM Chanting, Diabetes
Date Powder as Alternative Carbone Source in Optimizing the Cultivation of (Bacillus megaterium) in Submerged State Fermentation
Authors: Al-Taweil Hayyan I , Aldawood Yahya , Alhamal Heba 
Published: September 2021

Problems statement: A study had shown a strain of Bacillus megaterium was isolated from the soil. Questions were whether date powder could be used as alternatives of carbon sources for Bacillus megaterium submerged state cultivation?
Approach: To evaluate the effects of the using date powder; The fermentation was carried out in shake flasks using a complex medium consisting of (g/L) ammonium tartrate, 2.0; magnesium sulphateheptahydrate, 4.0; dipotassium phosphate, 14.0; calcium chloride, 0.2, NaHPO4, 4.0, yeast extract, 3.0, trace elements, 2.0ml and glucose 6.0(4.0, yeast extract, 3.0, trace elements, 2.0ml and glucose 6.0) were replaced by dates powder at three rates; 5,10 and15 g/L
Results show that the rate of production of biomass during submerged fermentation by Bacillus megaterium at 30±1°C for 24 hours of incubation using date powder was maximizes between 18 and 24 hr of fermentation. The experimental runs and results for the Box– Behnken design. The 15 runs in a single block were used to study the effects using date powder in different rates on one response. Biomass concentration ranged from 6.5cfu /l to 12.9cfu /.comparing with 14.8 cfu/ g for the commercial growth media. The ANOVA tables give the statistical significance of the effects for biomass. These effects were dates powder rates, the optimized growth medium with pH 7, inoculums’ size 106, temp 24oC and moisture dates powder 15 g/L. The biomass concentrations obtained under the optimal conditions 12.9cfu/l.
Key words: Date Powders, Fermentation, Bacillus megaterium, biomass, Submerged State
Capsule Formulation Essay of Herbal Extracts of Trunk Bark of Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC) Guill. Et Perr. (Combretaceae) for the Treatment of Hypertension
Authors: OUEDRAOGO Salfo , Sombie C. Bavouma , Diawara Zime Hermine , Yameogo B.G. Josias , TRAORE Tata Kadiatou , Nitiema Mathieu , Belemnaba Lazare , Ouedraogo Sylvin , Semde Rasmané 
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The trunks barks of Anogeissus leiocarpus contains multiple antihypertensive components and are, therefore, widely used for the treatment of hypertension.
Objective: This study aimed to formulate capsules containing a freeze-dried aqueous extract of the trunk’s barks.
Methodology: Three (03) capsule formulations were prepared using wet granulation from lyophilised aqueous extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus trunk bark, with different proportions of excipients including Corn starch used as the diluent, Polyvinylpyrrolidone K25 (PVP) used as binding agent and Magnesium stearate used as gliding agents. The filling of capsules was done using a semi-automatic capsule filler with empty capsules of size 3. The flow properties of the granules and the quality control were performed according to the European Pharmacopoeia 10th ed.
Results/Discussion: All granules had good flow properties, and the F1 and F3 formulations had the best pharmaceutics characteristics according to the recommendations of the European Pharmacopoeia 10th ed. The mean levels of phenolic tracers were 0.039±0.0097 mg gallic acid equivalent per capsule (GAE/capsule) for the F1 formulation and 0.059±0.0063 mg GAE/capsule for the F3 formulation.
Conclusion: This study allowed the galenic formulation of capsules based on extracts of good characteristic quality for the treatment of hypertension.
Keywords: Anogeissus leiocarpus, extract, excipients, formulations, capsule
Formulation and Evaluation of Aceclofenac Liposomes
Authors: Kaur Gurleen , Naaz Zaquiyya , Kumar Kapil , Teotia Deepak 
Published: September 2021

Patients who suffered from rheumatic disease and osteoarthritis are generally prescribed the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs). Osteoarthritis is a common musculoskeletal disorder, which impairs body function and acts as an economic burden. Due to the repetitive use of ACE by oral route, it may cause gastrointestinal complications such as ulceration, bleeding, pain, perforation. To decrease the side effects of ACE, it is given by topical route in the form of ointment. This review highlights reducing gastrointestinal problems and promotes the safety and efficacy of the ACE. The Aceclofenac liposomes were prepared by the thin film hydration technique and evaluated by various methods such as in- vitro release study, % yield, drug entrapment efficiency, pH of the prepared formulation. The prepared system was also characterized by Fourier transform infra-red spectrophotometer to identify the drug- excipients interaction. The maximum entrapment efficiency of liposomes was found to be 90%. The main aim of this study was to develop and characterized a vesicular drug carrier system for topical delivery of Aceclofenac to overcome the problem related with oral route.
Keywords: Liposomes, Aceclofenac, topical delivery, transdermal delivery, rheumatic disease and osteoarthritis
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Sensitivity Pattern in Positive Urine Culture for Urinary Tract Pathogens from Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: John Sahana , Mahesh Agasa Ramu 
Published: September 2021

Hospital specific monitoring studies aims to determine the prevalence of the type of microorganisms that causes urinary infections and to assess the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern. A hospital based short term prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Sagar Hospital, Bengaluru from August to October 2020. Antimicrobial susceptibility in MIC test was performed for the isolated pathogens by using automated VITEK compact method and stratification was done according to ICU and NON-ICU patients with over 260 urine culture tests of the suspected in-patient for urinary tract infection. All antimicrobial susceptibility data was analyzed using WHONET software 5.6. Sixty-six urine culture tests showed culture positive, 41 from non-ICU and 23 from ICU. Gram-negative bacilli E.Coli (61% in ICU, 52% IN non-ICU) was the most prevalent bacterium, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae ss. pneumoniae (9% in ICU, 20% IN non-ICU), and Candida albicans 9% prevalence was seen only in ICU isolates. The study shows that the rate of resistance towards ampicillin (100%) was high among gram negative isolates and penicillin (100%) among gram positive isolates. The susceptibility was favorable towards polymixinB, colistin in gram negative organisms and nitrofurantoin, vancomycin in gram positive organisms. The present study revealed that E.Coli is the predominant bacterial pathogen. It also demonstrates there is an increasing resistance to ampicillin (88.2%) and ESBL (90%) among UTI pathogens. While, polymixin B (100%) and colistin was found most effective among gram negative and nitrofurantoin was most effective among gram positive organisms.
Keywords: Antibiotic, antimicrobial resistance, urinary tract infection
Development and Evaluation of Micro Emulsion Formulations of Nebivolol for Solubility Enhancement
Authors: Kaur Gurleen , Saifi Alfisha , Kumar Kapil , Teotia Deepak 
Published: September 2021

Nebivolol HCl is a newer drug of β1-adrenergic blocker category, basically used as anti-hypertensive. It is a 3rd generation, antagonist, having NO (nitric oxide) enhancing vasodilator properties. It has 12% oral bioavailability, because of its pre systemic metabolism by the means of cytochrome P450 2D6 enzymes. Its log P value is 4.03 and 5mg is its daily dose. It is highly lipophilic drug and belongs to class BCS II, with slow dissolution. Bioavailability of any drug can be improved by avoiding its first pass metabolism and promoting solubility. Several researchers have worked on the development of ME formulations on different poor water-soluble drugs, to increase their solubility. The purpose of this study is an attempt to enhance the solubility to improve the bioavailability of nebivolol drug by developing a novel delivery system that is microemulsion (ME) .ME formulations were developed using different oil, surfactant and co-surfactants in different ratio and studied on various parameters. Different preformulation tests done on received sample of Nebivolol. FTIR study was performed in order to find out any interactions between the ingredients. Based on the solubility Capmul Pg-12 was finalized oil, Tween 80 as surfactant, propylene glycol as the cosurfactant based on solubility and emulsification efficiency. Five Nebivolol ME formulations were successfully developed by use of oil, water, SA and Co-SA different ratio. Prepared formulations were studied for different properties- transmittance (%), pH, refractive index, viscosity, drug content, and solubility. It was seen that after 4 hours of diffusion, the drug released from the formulation ME5 is faster and more than that of the other i.e., 90.2±0.06%. It was found that ME5 was more stable and Soluble than other prepared formulations. With the better solubilty the bioavailability of Nebivolol will increased and helps in faster absorption and High diffusion in systemic circulation with lower or no risk of degradation. It somehow also reduced frequent intake of drug.
Keywords: Nebivolol, micro emulsion, Ternary phase diagram, surfactant, co-surfactant.
Evaluating Aged Consumers Insight Regarding Modern Medicine and Traditional Medicine
Authors: Suranjan Bantupalli , Kumar S Bala Yaswanth , Deekshit Atluri 
Published: September 2021

The term traditional medicine is used to explain the traditional medical practice that has been in existence even before the advent of modern medicine. It is widely accepted and used in the prevention and treatment of physical and mental treatment as well as a social imbalance. There seem to be limits to the development of new drugs based exclusively on modern technologies. Since the 1980s, the pharmaceutical industry has tended to use high throughput synthesis and drug development based on combinatorial chemistry in developing new drugs/medicines. However, significant efforts in this direction have not resulted in the drug's expected productivity. Some large pharmaceutical companies are facing significant challenges in developing new products. Our study was to evaluate the aged population's insight regarding traditional medicine and modern medicine. It was a prospective study with duration of three months from February 2021 to April 2021. The study was conducted in the population in and around Vijayawada. A total of 400 samples were collected. Generally, nowadays people are not aware of traditional medicines even if they are inexpensive when compared to modern drugs. So we conducted this study to know the knowledge of aged peoples on traditional medicine and to know their perception regarding both modern medicine and traditional medicine.
Keywords: Traditional medicine, Modern medicine, Natural, Aged, Population.
Use of a Meter With Color-Range Indicators and a Mobile Diabetes Management App Improved Glycemic Control and Patient Satisfaction in an Underserved Hispanic Population: “Tu Salud”—A Randomized Controlled Partial Cross-Over Clinical Study
Authors: Katz Laurence B. , Aparicio Maria , Cameron Hilary , Ceppa Frederico 
Published: September 2021

Objective
To demonstrate the clinical value of OneTouch (OT) Verio Flex glucose meter used in combination with a Spanish-language version of the OT Reveal mobile application (app) to support diabetes care and improve glycemic control in an underserved Hispanic population with type 2 diabetes.

Research Design and Methods
Test subjects (n = 81) used the meter and app for 12 weeks, while a randomized control group (n = 39) used their own glucose meters without connection to an app. Thereafter, test subjects continued the same regimen for an additional 12 weeks to determine the durability of effect, and control subjects crossed over to use the new meter and app.

Results
Test subjects experienced a mean reduction in A1C of 1.0% after 12 weeks (P &lt;0.001), a statistically significant greater reduction than in control subjects (P = 0.045). The improvement in A1C in test subjects was sustained over the next 12 weeks. Crossed-over subjects also demonstrated significant improvements in A1C (P &lt;0.001). Mean blood glucose was reduced significantly without an increase in hypoglycemia, and results in range increased over 12 weeks of meter and mobile app use. Results were independent of subjects’ numeracy skills. Subjects using the new meter and app reacted favorably to the tools and expressed improvements in their diabetes treatment satisfaction based on Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire–Change scores.

Conclusion
Use of the OT meter and a Spanish-language version of its diabetes management app in an underserved population helped participants achieve a sustained improvement in glycemic control. The tools were well received by the subjects and may have important utility in other low-numeracy, low-literacy populations.
PENGARUH UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, FINANCIAL LEVERAGE, DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIO, DAN NILAI PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP PERATAAN LABA
Authors: Sesilia Yolanda , Indra A. Zubaidi , Tubarad Chara Pratami Tidespania 
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to examine the effect of Firm Size, Financial Leverage, Dividend Payout Ratio, and Firm Value toward Income Smoothing in BUMN Companies Listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange. Income Smoothing measured by Index Eckel’s. The Population in this study is BUMN companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2019 Based on the purposive sampling method, the sum of a sample obtained from the population is 16 companies. Sources of data obtained from annual reports of companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2019. The analytical method for this study uses logistic regression analysis and Mann Whitney test with SPSS 21. Based on the result of the analysis showed Firm Size, Financial Leverage, Dividend Payout Ratio, and Firm Value are not influence Income Smoothing.