bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomic Changes of Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome at Different Stages
Authors: Doğru Yuvarlakbaş Semahat , Boyan Neslihan , Kuleci Sedat , Balli Hüseyin Tuğsan 
Published: January 2025

Aim:
In this study, it was aimed to determine the changes in the anatomic structures of individuals with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) classified according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI).

Materials and Methods:
Individuals were divided into groups as group 1 (AHI=0, n=20), group 2 (AHI ˂5, n=20), group 3 (AHI=5-15, n=20), group 4 (AHI=16-30, n=20), group 5 (AHI ˃30, n=20). The individuals left lateral cervical vertebra radiographs were taken. Measurements were made from the morphometric points determined using the “Enlil PACS” program on the radiologic images (mm). These measurements are categorized into soft tissue, hyoid bone, airway size, and craniofacial variables.

Results:
As AHI increased, age, body mass index, neck circumference, and Epworth Sleep Scale scores increased in all groups. Soft palate and tongue length, hyoid-mandible, hyoid-posterior pharyngeal wall, and hyoid-spina nasalis posterior distances lengthened. An increase was found between spina nasalis anterior, spina nasalis posterior, distance between condylion and gnathion, and total facial length and lower face length in all groups.

Conclusions:
It is thought that the results obtained due to the differentiation in anatomic structures may help the methods that will facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of OSAS.
INCREASED CITRULLINATED HISTONE H3 LEVELS AND ACCELERATED THROMBIN KINETICS IN TRAUMA PATIENTS WHO DEVELOP VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM
Authors: Navarro Sergio M. , Thompson Riley J. , MacArthur Taleen A. , Spears Grant M. , Bailey Kent R. , Immermann Joe M. , Yudin Nikoli , Dong Jing-Fei , Kozar Rosemary A. , Park Myung S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and its formation and release, known as NETosis, may play a role in the initiation of thrombin generation (TG) in trauma. The objective of this study was to assess whether trauma patients, who develop symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE), have increased levels of plasma citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3) and accelerated TG kinetics.

Methods
Patients presenting to a Level I Trauma Center as trauma activations had samples collected within 12 hours of time of injury (TOI), alongside healthy volunteers (HV). CitH3 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and TG data were measured using a thrombin generation analyzer, comparing results between patients developing symptomatic VTE vs those who did not, within 90 days of injury. Data were expressed as median and quartiles [Q1, Q3], and tested using Wilcoxon rank-sum or Fisher’s exact test, or 1-sample test of Spearman’s correlation, p < 0.05 considered significant.

Results
39 trauma patient samples were analyzed (10 with and 29 without VTE), and compared to 15 HV samples. CitH3 levels in patients who developed VTE were significantly greater as compared to those who did not (12.8 ng/mL [7.1, 30.8]; 3.0 ng/mL [1.8,6.8], p = 0.024), with levels in both groups greater compared to HV (1.2 [0.3, 4.1], p = 0.003, p = 0.012), respectively. TG profiles were accelerated in patients developing VTE, with differences in peak height (337.6 nM [304.4, 356.0]; 231.8 nM [180.2, 281.8], p = 0.008), endogenous thrombin potential (1718.5 nM*min [1500, 1794]; 1208.5 nM*min (1072, 1417], p = 0.003) and velocity index (213.2 nM/min [162.3, 260.5]; 124.3 nM/min [93.2, 223.1], p = 0.03), respectively.

Conclusions
Trauma patients developing VTE exhibit increased NETosis, measured by increased CitH3 levels and accelerated TG early after injury, outlining an area for further understanding VTE after trauma.
Combined Effects of Oxandrolone and Exercise on Muscle Recovery in Rats with Severe Burn and Hindlimb Unloading
Authors: Palackic Alen , El Ayadi Amina , Wade Charles E. , Baer Lisa A. , Branski Ludwik K. , Hundeshagen Gabriel , Kleinhapl Julia , Wolf Steven E. , Song Juquan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Loss of muscle mass and strength in patients who have experienced severe burns is dramatic and associated with subsequent functional impairment. Past work has shown that exercise and oxandrolone, an anabolic steroid, individually improve muscle function and muscle mass in severely burned patients. This study aims to evaluate the effect of oxandrolone treatment combined with resistance exercise on muscle atrophy and investigate the protein synthesis and mitochondrial biogenesis pathways in a hindlimb suspension model.

Methods
Twenty-four Sprague Dawley rats received 40% total body surface area (%TBSA) scald burns and were then placed for hindlimb unloading. All animals were randomly grouped into vehicle (corn oil) without exercise (V/NEX), oxandrolone administration (0.1 mg/kg/day) without exercise (OX/NEX), vehicle with exercise (V/EX), or oxandrolone with exercise (OX/EX). (n = 6/group). On day 14 isometric forces of the left plantaris and soleus muscle were measured by using a muscle lever system with dynamic muscle control and analysis software. Fatigue measurement was only performed in the soleus muscle. The tissue of the muscle was then collected for protein extraction. Western blots were performed to study signal alternations and mitochondrial biogenesis pathways.

Results
Tetanic force (Po) was significantly increased in the plantaris with exercise, rather than with oxandrolone treatment. Fatigue index (FI) was lower and integration was significantly elevated in the soleus with exercise but not with oxandrolone treatment. Fatigue curve in the soleus further revealed the average maximum force were achieved in soleus with either oxandrolone treatment or exercise alone independently. Raptor and p-Akt levels are elevated in the OX/EX group while PGC1a expression was not altered.

Conclusion
Oxandrolone and resistance exercise have independent positive effects on muscle function recovery in this clinically relevant rodent model of severe burn. Both treatments combined increased signaling pathways by increasing protein synthesis.
Gastrodin protects against sepsis-associated encephalopathy by suppressing ferroptosis
Authors: Xu Yunfei , Chen Jing , Zhou Lin , Zhao Yao , He Nina , Xu Qing , Zhao Jie , Liu Ying 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) represents a severe complication of sepsis, substantially elevating both mortality and healthcare costs for patients. Gastrodin (GAS), a principal bioactive constituent of Gastrodia elata Blume, is neuroprotective in various neurological disorders, including ischemic stroke, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, and neuropathic pain. In this study, we sought to investigate whether GAS could serve as a protective agent against SAE.

Methods
Mice were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) or the murine brain microvascular endothelial cell bEnd.3 was exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and subsequently treated with GAS. We assessed neurological deficits, blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, neuroinflammation, and the state of ferroptosis to evaluate the regulation of GAS on SAE. Mechanistically, we utilized glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) knockout mice to delineate the crucial role of GPX4 and examined the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) pathway to uncover the upstream signaling of GPX4.

Results
GAS mitigated neurological deficits in SAE mice and reduced BBB disruption and neuroinflammation both in vivo and in vitro. Functionally, the neuroprotective effects of GAS were realized through the inhibition of ferroptosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that GPX4 played a pivotal role in this process. Lastly, we found that the COX-2/PGE2 pathway was activated following GAS treatment in SAE mice, thereby increasing the expression level of GPX4.

Conclusions
Our study elucidated that GAS offers protection against SAE by suppressing ferroptosis through the activation of the COX-2/PGE2/GPX4 axis. This research validates the therapeutic potential of GAS and provides novel insights into potential therapeutic strategies for the management of SAE.
Study of quasi-two-body
B0→T(ππ,KK¯,πη)
decays in perturbative QCD approach
Authors: Mu Lun-Lian , Yu Xian-Qiao 
Published: January 2025

In this study, we calculate the CP-averaged branching ratios and the direct CP-violating asymmetries of the three body decays B0→T(ππ,KK¯,πη) in the perturbative QCD approach, where T denotes tensor mesons a2(1320), K2*(1430), f2(1270), and f2′(1525), and the daughter branching is f0(980)→ππ,KK¯,f0(500)→ππ, a0(980)→KK¯,πη. By introducing two-meson distribution amplitudes parametrized by the timelike form factors, the three-body decay is simplified to quasi-two-body decay. The scalar mesons a0(980), f0(980), and f0(500) are regarded as the lowest-lying qq¯ state, considering the effect of mixing angle θ between f0(980) and f0(500), ϕ between f2(1270) and f2′(1525) on our calculations. We found the following. (a) With θ=135°, we evaluate the branching fractions of B0→K2*(1430)0f0(980)[→π+π−] to be 4.30×10−6,then under the narrow-width approximation we extract the branching fraction of the decayB0→K2*(1430)0f0(980) to be 8.78×10−6, which is consistent with the current experimental data well. (b) The decay rates for the considered decay modes are generally in the order of 10−8 to 10−5. (c) The branching fractions are sensitive to the θ, and the opposite is true for ϕ. The ϕ is really small, so the decay branching ratio has only little change, except for some decays involving f2′(1525). (d) The θ and ϕ can bring remarkable change to the direct CP asymmetries of pure penguin processes so that it is not 0. (e) We calculate the relative partial decay widths Γ(a0→KK¯)/Γ(a0→πη) and the ratio B(f0→K+K−)/B(f0→π+π−), which are in agreement with the existing experimental values. Our results can help one to understand the internal structure of scalar mesons and the nature of tensor mesons and can be tested by future experiments.

Published by the American Physical Society
2025
Navigating the dimensions of criticality: exploring reflective processes in critical entrepreneurship education
Authors: Bohlayer Carina , Timm Jana-Michaela , Halberstadt Jantje 
Published: January 2025

PurposeCritical entrepreneurship education (CEE) has the potential to foster learners’ critical thinking and to contribute to renewed entrepreneurial action beyond mere business creation. However, despite the growing recognition of (critical) entrepreneurship’s potential in research and practice, there is still a lack of clarity about its definition and scope in general and from a learner’s perspective in particular. We create a more detailed understanding of how students' reflective processes relate to criticality in CEE.Design/methodology/approachDelving into reflective processes, we examine students’ learning in a course, which we conducted five times at two German universities. We analyze written reflection logs of 84 students (707 pages), supplemented with group discussions.FindingsOur findings illustrate learners’ reflective processes (reflectively engaging with others, reflectively understanding entrepreneurship, reflectively transforming the self) and explore how these facilitate learners’ transitions within the valence, paradigmatic and (newly added) narrative dimensions in CEE.Originality/valueOur research contributes a learner-centered, three-dimensional framework of CEE, in which reflection is the central mechanism driving movement and hence learning within this space. To develop this framework, we draw upon insights from Dey et al.’s (2023) framework on critical entrepreneurship research and transformative learning (Mezirow, 1991) vis-à-vis our fieldwork material.
International and Islamic perspectives on the right and access to education for refugees: Malaysia’s response
Authors: Mohd Nor Aishah , Rahmat Nur Ezan , Nadzari Dhiyauddin Athir 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
Refugees commonly face inequitable access to education in their host countries. The purpose of this study is to examine the related laws and policies on the right of education for refugees from the international perspective; to explore the issues from the Islamic perspective; and to analyse Malaysia’s response to the international conventions, specifically in its implementation of educational access and services.

Design/methodology/approach
This qualitative study uses an exploratory approach, reviewing materials such as books, journals, reports and newspaper articles to identify international conventions and Islamic perspectives on the rights to education for refugees. An analysis of Malaysia’s response to the rights to education for refugees was conducted to highlight the implementation of educational access and services for refugees in Malaysia.

Findings
This study reveals the existing rights and access to education for refugees from the international and Islamic perspectives. However, in Malaysia, there is a lack of a domestic legal framework governing refugees which limits access to basic human rights including education.

Research limitations/implications
This study focuses on the rights and access to education.

Practical implications
The lack of adequate and quality access to education for refugees in host countries will likely increase illiteracy levels and subsequently trigger societal and financial strife in the long run. This research emphasizes the importance of developing an adequate framework and strategic plan of action for better access and services for refugee education in Malaysia.

Social implications
A lack of research and engagement on the rights and access to education services may come at the expense of refugees. An adequate framework and strategic plan of action incorporating access to education services for refugees are necessary to support refugees in enhancing their quality of life and creating a safer environment reducing the possibility of exploitation, abuse or harm. This study may generate interest and create awareness of refugee education in Malaysia, especially among advocates and policymakers interested in such groups.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the discussion on the right and access to education for refugees from the international and Islamic perspectives, while also examining Malaysia’s response to its implementation. Refugees displaced to Malaysia have become a matter of concern that should be addressed by academic researchers, activists and official authorities. The findings demonstrate the urgency of developing an adequate framework and strategic plan of action to minimize disparities in education access among refugees. Further research is still needed, as very limited research has been conducted on this topic, particularly in developing countries like Malaysia.
Can financial agglomeration weaken the role of logistics accessibility in promoting enterprise specialization? Evidence from Chinese manufacturing industry
Authors: Liu Zhiqiang , Wang Chenmiao 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis study explores whether and how financial agglomeration affects enterprise specialization, and whether it weakens the division effects of logistics accessibility.Design/methodology/approachUsing the panel data of A-share listed companies in the Chinese manufacturing industry from 2010 to 2018, the authors test the hypotheses of the research framework by constructing a double fixed effect model.FindingsFirst, for every 1% increase in financial agglomeration and logistics accessibility, enterprise specialization will increase by 1.8% and 5.6%. Meanwhile, financial agglomeration weakens the division effects of logistics accessibility. After a multiple robustness test, the above conclusions still hold. Second, the mechanism test shows that financial agglomeration can promote enterprise specialization through cost saving effect, scale expansion effect and technological progress effect. Third, financial agglomeration has a stronger positive impact and negative moderating effect on enterprise specialization in periphery areas and small-scale enterprises, but logistics accessibility is more likely to increase enterprise specialization in core regions and small-scale firms.Practical implicationsIn the context of the global value chain (GVC) reshaping caused by the transformation of the international situation, exploring the relationship among financial agglomeration, logistics accessibility and enterprise specialization based on China’s experience can be an important insight for other emerging economies to enhance their position in the GVC.Originality/valueThe above findings enrich the literature on the division of labor among firms and contribute to the further improvement of GVC theory and division theory.
Exploring response levels to sustainability in engineering curricula: a cross-case analysis
Authors: Gutierrez-Bucheli Laura , Reid Alan , Kidman Gillian , Lamborn Julia 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
This study aims to explore how engineering curricula can address sustainability considerations. Through a cross-case analysis, a hybrid theoretical-empirical model is developed to identify and analyse a broad range of possible and actual responses to sustainability within engineering education.

Design/methodology/approach
The study employs a multiple-case study design to compare the experiences of educators and students engaging with sustainability topics in two contrasting tertiary civil engineering programs. It draws on an original conceptual framework informed by the literature for analysing educational responses to sustainability around the world, which can be applied to a diverse range of educational settings. Conceptual review, fieldwork, case-specific and cross-case analysis have been used to refine the framework, enabling the emergence of a hybrid model.

Findings
The hybrid model suggests three levels of response to sustainability in engineering education, which can be characterised as: 1) incorporation, 2) integration and 3) transformation. Each level is analysed in relation to five dimensions: functions, content, relationships, spaces and time, which influence the nature of the response and its capacity to foster learning. Cross-case analysis findings suggest that the shape and focus of a particular response to sustainability are significantly influenced by both the types of engineering problems, and the diversity and extent of relationships that engineering educators and students engage during teaching and learning.

Practical implications
Cross-case analysis reveals that developing and supporting (inter)subjective relationships can play a pivotal role in fostering a transformation level of response. Engagement with Indigenous, more-than-human and interdisciplinary perspectives in engineering education for sustainability can also be critical to deepening students’ reflexivity.

Originality/value
The study helps ground theory-driven frameworks for analysing the nature and purpose of responses to sustainability in engineering education, and higher education more broadly. The study also offers a novel hybrid model for identifying and classifying responses to sustainability in engineering education and other disciplines.
Fostering employment match? Graduates’ internships and early professional experiences between individuals’ choices and institutional constraints
Authors: Romanò Sara , Nazio Tiziana 
Published: January 2025

PurposeIn Italy, internships were introduced in higher education to ease graduates’ entry into the labor market, addressing youth unemployment and overeducation attributed to low job-specific skills. We investigate whether internships during and after the degree program improve employment quality, specifically in terms of coherence between the job obtained and the educational-level achieved.Design/methodology/approachWe employ both a longitudinal approach and Propensity Score Matching (PSM) to examine the associations between curricular and extracurricular internships, and the number of job episodes after graduation, with the risk of overeducation among master’s graduates.FindingsThe findings suggest that curricular internships, if at all, do not affect the likelihood of obtaining a matching qualified job. Extracurricular internships are instead associated with a higher risk of overeducation. Additionally, the risk of overeducation does not decrease with more job episodes and even rises in the South, where opportunities are scarcer. We conclude that internships may help secure employment but at the cost of overeducation for graduates.Originality/valueThis study fills a gap by analyzing the impact of both curricular and extracurricular internships on employment quality in terms of occupational coherence. In doing so, it assesses policies on graduates' professional experiences over the last 20 years. By employing both longitudinal analysis and PSM quasi-experimental models, it aims to address selection bias related to unobserved characteristics in observational datasets and panel attrition. Theoretically, it advances by analyzing the determinants of overeducation while accounting for territorial differences in labor demand, and better assessing the contrasting predictions of human capital vs credentialist theories.
Unveiling WCM and firm performance relationship: evidence from Shariah compliance United Kingdom firms
Authors: Kayani Umar , Hasan Fakhrul , Choudhury Tonmoy , Nawaz Farrukh 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the realtionship between the strategic maneuvers in working capital management (WCM) and the ensuing corporate performance, chiefly within the purview of companies aligned with Shariah-compliant financial practices during epochs of fiscal distress.

Design/methodology/approach
This study deploys a fixed effect regression model to dissect the WCM-performance nexus for Shariah and non-Shariah compliance firms in the UK. Here, the authors used FTSE 350 index data from 1990 till 2022. The authors used return on assets, return on equity and net profit margin as the dependent variables and they used working capital as the independent variable. Finally, a set of different control variables including, size, leverage, dividend and research and development. Furthermore, for robust purposes, the authors use the system generalized method of moments estimation.

Findings
The findings reveal a significant relationship between WCM and firm performance across different crisis periods. Effective WCM is associated with improved profitability and stability in firms. This study shows that firms with efficient WCM strategies were better positioned to navigate the financial turmoil of the GFC, the operational disruptions during COVID-19 and the economic impacts of the Russia–Ukraine conflict.

Originality/value
This research provides a significant perspective by spotlighting Sharia-compliant entities, thus charting new territory in the strategic finance discourse. In addition, the focus on Shariah-compliant firms introduces a novel perspective within the financial management domain, offering valuable insights for both academic researchers and financial practitioners.