bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuna is women's business too: Applying a gender lens to four cases in the Western and Central Pacific
Authors: Barclay Kate M. , Satapornvanit Arlene N. , Syddall Victoria M. , Williams Meryl J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe USD6 billion Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) tuna fisheries produce over half the world's tuna and are important for coastal countries. Tuna fisheries policy, management and research currently focus on fisheries resources and industrial fishing on offshore vessels with all male crews, although women, as much as men, are employed in tuna processing and trading in domestic, informal and export value chains. We apply a gender lens to four WCPO case‐study tuna industries: Suva and Levuka in Fiji, Bitung in Indonesia, General Santos City in the Philippines and Western Province including Noro in Solomon Islands. The gender divisions of labour, livelihood opportunities and social impacts vary greatly across the value chain nodes, depending on the size, quantity and quality of fish handled, and the scale of operations. The gender lens also reveals the social impacts of fishing when husbands/fathers/sons are killed or injured, absent for long periods and engage in sex, drugs and alcohol behaviours in port. Despite the centrality of women in tuna industries, and the gendered social impacts, regional and national policies largely omit gender. The tuna discourse should be broadened from that of male‐dominated industrial fishing to whole of value chains including domestic and informal enterprises in which women are equally involved. Progress on gender equity needs collaboration by multiple stakeholders including industrial firms employing people in factories, offices and on fishing vessels, regional bodies and national governments responsible for policy, monitoring and regulation, and research agencies to build knowledge.
Can the urban spatial structure accelerate urban employment growth? Evidence from China
Authors: Xiao Wei , Liu Wenhua , Li Chunzhi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis paper examines the effects of urban spatial structure on urban employment growth in China by focusing on two dimensions, monocentricity, and compactness. Theoretically, the urban spatial structure affects urban employment through its effects on transportation costs, the concentration of economic activities, and urban amenities. Our empirical analysis verifies a nonlinear U‐shaped relationship between the monocentricity of a city and the growth rate of urban employment. Additionally, we find that a high level of compactness accelerates urban employment growth. Furthermore, cities that are more monocentric and more compact experienced more rapid urbanization during our sample period. We then use an instrumental variable approach to identify causal effects, and we obtain similar results. Our findings indicate that to accelerate the transfer of labor to urban sectors, governments in developing countries should pay attention to the planning of the urban spatial structure.
Impact of performance contest on local transformation and development in China: Empirical study of the National Civilized City program
Authors: Li Ding , Xiao Han , Ding Junsong , Ma Shuang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe performance contest model (PCM) has greatly promoted the transformation of China's development mode. This study investigates the effect of the PCM on local governance in China through an empirical study of the National Civilized City (NCC) program. The effect is examined with panel data of city development, household happiness, and municipal leadership. Our research has the following findings: (a) Civilized Cities exhibit significant improvements in public services that are closely related to national well‐being but have long been neglected such as education, science and technology, ecology, culture, and public health. (b) Civilized Cities exhibit a significant improvement in the subjective perceptions of citizens, where the happiness of local residents improved by approximately 3.9%. (c) The NCC program has a considerable effect on motivating local officials. Moreover, leaders of Civilized Cities have a significantly higher probability of being promoted, which increased by 13.1% and 15.9% in the second and third years after the award of the Civilized City title, respectively. This study contributes to a better understanding of China's local governance and improves the guidance and regulation of local developments.
Progress of ice slurry in food industry: application, production, heat and mass transfer
Authors: Lyu Fei , Zhu Rongrong , Tang Wei , Ding Yuting , Liu Jianhua 
Published: December 2021

SummaryClean label foods have gained a lot of attention because it satisfies consumers' interest in minimally processed foods with minimal ingredients and no artificial additives. The growing concern about food quality has stimulated the integration of ice slurry technology in food processing. An ice slurry is a two‐phase system colding medium composed of ice crystals, liquid water and some additives. Ice slurry with ice fraction of 5%–30% was 5–6 times than that of conventional chilled water under the same conditions. The appearance of the food is less likely to be damaged by the ice slurry while also being able to cool down quickly compared to traditional ice preservation methods. It further extends the shelf life of food products. The purpose of this review is to provide an understanding and practical suggestions for the application of ice slurry in the food industry. The methods of producing ice slurry and their advantages and disadvantages are reviewed, and the current applications and heat and mass transfer characteristics of ice slurry in the food industry are also discussed. Finally, the current challenges and prospects for ice slurry production and application were pointed out.
Performance evaluation of the new platelet measurement channel on the BC‐6800 Plus automated hematology analyzer
Authors: Guo Ping , Cai Qi , Mao Minjing , Lin Han , Chen Liting , Wu Fang , Wang Jianbiao 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of new optical platelet measurement channel on the BC‐6800 Plus automated blood cell analyzer.MethodsThe basic PLT count performance of the BC‐6800 Plus was evaluated according to the requirements of the Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute (CLSI) Document H26‐A2. In addition, low‐PLT‐value specimens, red blood cell debris specimens, small red blood cell specimens, and giant PLT specimens were detected with the blood cell analyzer and a flow cytometer. Whole‐blood specimens in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or sodium citrate anticoagulant tubes from 20 patients with EDTA‐dependent PLT aggregation were determined in CDR mode of the analyzer.ResultsBlank counting and the carryover contamination rate of PLTs using the BC‐6800 Plus both met the technical requirements. For abnormal PLT specimens, PLT‐O 8× and PLT‐I both exhibited high comparability with flow cytometry. The comparability of PLT‐O 8× with flow cytometry was better than that of PLT‐I. In EDTA‐anticoagulated blood specimens from 20 patients with EDTA‐dependent PLT aggregation, the results of PLT‐O were significantly higher than those for PLT‐I using samples from the same tubes (P < .001). However, the PLT counts were similar between these two methods for sodium citrate‐anticoagulated blood specimens (P = .263).ConclusionThe performance of PLT‐O 8× in the BC‐6800 Plus met the technical requirements. PLT‐O 8× exhibited better reproducibility than did PLT‐I for low‐PLT‐value samples. Reexamination of abnormal PLT specimens using PLT‐O 8× yielded more accurate results. PLT‐O performed significantly better than PLT‐I in the detection of EDTA‐dependent PLT‐aggregation specimens.
Persistence of racial/ethnic and socioeconomic status disparities among non‐institutionalized patients hospitalized with COVID‐19 in Connecticut, July to December 2020
Authors: Chiumento Geena , Yousey‐Hindes Kimberly , Edmundson Alexandra , Hadler James L. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundCOVID‐19 hospitalizations of non‐institutionalized persons during the first COVID‐19 wave in Connecticut disproportionately affected the elderly, communities of color, and individuals of low socioeconomic status (SES). Whether the magnitude of these disparities changed after the initial lockdown and before vaccine rollout is not well documented.MethodsAll first‐time hospitalizations with laboratory‐confirmed COVID‐19 during July to December 2020, including patients' geocoded residential addresses, were obtained from the Connecticut Department of Public Health. Those living in congregate settings, including nursing homes, were excluded. Community‐dwelling patients were assigned census tract‐level poverty and crowding measures from the 2014–2018 American Community Survey by linking their geocoded addresses to census tracts. Age‐adjusted incidence and relative rates were calculated across demographic and SES measures and compared with those from a similar analysis of hospitalized cases during the initial wave.ResultsDuring July to December 2020, there were 5652 COVID‐19 hospitalizations in community residents in Connecticut. Incidence was highest among those >85 years, non‐Hispanic Blacks and Hispanic/Latinx compared with non‐Hispanic Whites {relative rate (RR) 3.1 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.83–3.32) and 5.9 (95% CI 5.58–6.28)}, and persons living in high poverty and high crowding census tracts. Although racial/ethnic and SES disparities during the study period were substantial, they were significantly decreased compared with the first wave of COVID‐19.ConclusionsThe finding of persistent, if reduced, large racial/ethnic disparities in COVID‐19 hospitalizations 2–7 months after the initial lockdown was relaxed and before vaccination was widely available is of concern. These disparities cause a challenge to achieving health equity and are relevant for future pandemic planning.
3D culture of cancer cells in alginate hydrogel beads as an effective technique for emergency cell storage and transportation in the pandemic era
Authors: Alallam Batoul , Oo May Kyaw , Ibrahim Wisam Nabeel , Doolaanea Abd Almonem 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDue to the restrictions in accessing research laboratories and the challenges in providing proper storage and transportation of cells during the COVID‐19 pandemic, having an effective and feasible mean to solve these challenges would be of immense help. Therefore, we developed a 3D culture setting of cancer cells using alginate beads and tested its effectiveness in different storage and transportation conditions. The viability and proliferation of cancer cells were assessed using trypan blue staining and quantitative CCK‐8 kit, respectively. The developed beads allowed cancer cells survival up to 4 weeks with less frequent maintenance measures such as change of the culture media or subculture of cells. In addition, the recovery of cancer cells and proliferation pattern were significantly faster with better outcomes in the developed 3D alginate beads compared to the standard cryopreservation of cells or the 2D culture conditions. The 3D alginate beads also supported the viability of cells while the shipment at room temperature for a duration of up to 5 days with no humidity or CO2 support. Therefore, 3D culture in alginate beads can be used to store or ship biological cells with ease at room temperature with minimal preparations.
Factors affecting the efficacy of attracticidal spheres for management of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera Drosophilidae)
Authors: Nixon Laura J. , Cloonan Kevin , Rugh Anthony , Jones Sharon , Evans Breyn , Rice Kevin , Kirkpatrick Danielle , Short Brent , Rodriguez‐Saona Cesar , Leskey Tracy C. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSpotted‐wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, is an invasive pest in the United States, Europe and South America. Females are able to oviposit in intact soft‐skinned fruit, resulting in significant economic losses due to larval feeding. Attracticidal spheres, originally developed for the apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella Walsh, have been used as a management tool for D. suzukii in a few studies, but little is known about their longevity as a killing device and their performance under varying pest densities. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of attracticidal spheres, containing 1% spinetoram, when stored for 6 and 12 months and when deployed to manage low (4 adults/plant), moderate (16 adults/plant) and high (64 adults/plant) density populations in blueberry and raspberry plants. Additionally, the effects of simulated (rainfall, sunlight and rainfall/sunlight combinations) and field‐based weathering for periods of 6 and 12 weeks on attracticidal spheres containing 1% thiamethoxam, fenpropathrin, spinetoram, methomyl, spinosad, dinotefuran and lambda‐cyhalothrin were evaluated. Sphere caps stored for up to 12 months yielded no significant decrease in mortality of exposed flies compared with spheres fitted with newly produced caps. For both raspberries and blueberries protected by 1% spinetoram attracticidal spheres, high relative densities of D. suzukii yielded significantly greater levels of infestation compared with moderate or low relative densities. Simulated and field‐based weathering yielded reduced fly mortality for most insecticide materials, indicating that spheres may need to be replaced at 6 weeks or less to maximize their efficacy. In general, attracticidal spheres can assist in the management of D. suzukii, but likely will not serve as a stand‐alone tool, particularly under high pest densities.
Aeromonas veronii virulence and adhesion attenuation mediated by the gene aodp
Authors: Zhang Lei , Jin Shengnan , Feng Chao , Song Haichao , Raza Sayed Haidar Abbas , Yu Huabo , Zhang Liang , Chi Teng , Qi Yanling , Zhang Dongxing , Qian Aidong , Liu Ning , Shan Xiaofeng 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAeromonas veronii (A. veronii) is an opportunistic pathogen of fish–human–livestock, which poses a threat to the development of aquaculture. Based on our previous studies on proteomics and genomics, we found out that the aodp gene may be related to the virulence of A. veronii TH0426. However, aodp gene encodes a hypothetical protein with an unknown function, and its role in A. veronii TH0426 is not clear. Here, we first constructed a mutant strain (△‐aodp) to investigate the functional role of aodp in A. veronii TH0426. Compared with the wild strain A. veronii TH0426, the growth rate of strain △‐aodp was slower and was resistant to neomycin and kanamycin, but sensitive to cephalexin. The swimming and swarming ability of △‐aodp strain decreased, and the pathogenicity to mice decreased by 15.84‐fold. Besides, the activity of caspase‐3 in EPCs infected with △‐aodp strain was 1.49‐fold lower than that of the wild strain. We examined 20 factors closely related to A. veronii virulence, among them 17 genes were down‐regulated as a result of aodp deficiency. This study laid a foundation for further studies on the pathogenesis of A. veronii.
Dementia screening in rural‐dwelling Chinese older adults: The utility of a smell test and the self‐rated AD8
Authors: Dong Yi , Wang Yongxiang , Liu Keke , Hou Tingting , Han Xiaolei , Cong Lin , Ren Yifei , Zhang Qinghua , Tang Shi , Ekström Ingrid , Laukka Erika J. , Du Yifeng , Qiu Chengxuan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundOlfactory impairment is associated with dementia in clinical settings. We examined the relationship of olfactory identification function with all‐cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VaD) and assessed the discriminative ability of the Sniffin' Sticks Identification Test (SSIT), the self‐rated Ascertain Dementia 8‐item Questionnaire (AD8), and their combination for dementia detection among rural‐dwelling older adults in China.MethodsThis population‐based cross‐sectional study included 4481 participants (age ≥ 65 years; 56.8% women; 38.1% illiteracy) living in rural communities. The 16‐item SSIT was performed to assess olfactory identification function. The self‐rated AD8 was administered to participants for cognitive status. We diagnosed dementia, AD, and VaD following the international criteria. Data were analyzed with logistic regression models and receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsOf the 4481 participants, dementia was diagnosed in 139 persons (3.1%), including 92 with AD and 42 with VaD. The SSIT score (range, 0–16) was associated with multiadjusted odds ratios of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.79–0.88) for dementia, 0.84 (0.79–0.90) for AD, and 0.79 (0.71–0.87) for VaD. The area under the curve for the discrimination between participants with and without dementia was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.69–0.77) for SSIT score ≤ 8 alone, 0.86 (0.82–0.89) for self‐rated AD8 score ≥ 3 alone, and 0.89 (0.86–0.92) for their combination using a logistic model.ConclusionsOlfactory impairment is a clinical marker for all‐cause dementia, AD, and VaD. The smell identification test, in combination with the brief self‐rated cognitive screening tool, is accurate for screening dementia among rural‐dwelling Chinese older adults with no or limited education.
Efficacy of QR678 Neo® hair growth factor formulation for the treatment of hair loss in Covid‐19‐induced persistent Telogen Effluvium—A prospective, clinical, single‐blind study
Authors: Shome Debraj , Kapoor Rinky , Surana Monika , Vadera Sapna , Shah Ronak 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundTelogen Effluvium (TE) in a post‐Covid‐19 patient causes excessive shedding of hair. No definite treatment is available till now. Past studies demonstrates that QR678Neo® has shown promising results in various types of Alopecia.AimIn this study, we aim to establish efficacy of QR678 Neo® hair growth factor formulation administration in Covid‐19‐induced persistent TE for treatment of hair loss and for hair regrowth.Material & MethodTwenty adult patients (all females) presenting with persistent TE starting few weeks after recovery from Covid‐19 infection, and continuing beyond 6 months were included for the study. A 1.5 mL solution of QR678 Neo® hair growth factor formulation was administered in the scalp per session. A total of 8 sessions (one session every 4 weeks) were done. The results were assessed at the baseline, after 4thsession, and 1 month after 8th session.ResultsMost of the patients showed significant reduction in hair fall; 89% patients showed excellent hair growth. Global photographic assessment score showed marked improvement, which maintained even post therapy. Videomicroscopic assessment showed increase in the hair count (mean =29.32) after 8th session, that further improved even post therapy. The subjective assessment scores for overall hair growth, appearance of hair, reduction in visibility of the scalp, and hair loss were 4, 4.5, 4.25, and 5, respectively.ConclusionManagement of Covid‐19‐induced persistent Telogen Effluvium has been unclear and futile so far. Intra‐dermal administration of QR678 Neo® hair growth factor formulation in the scalp, reduces hair fall, improves hair regrowth, and increases the hair density.
Nurses' perceptions and beliefs related to the care of adults living with multimorbidity: A systematic qualitative review
Authors: Whitehead Lisa , Palamara Peter , Allen Jacqueline , Boak Jennifer , Quinn Robyn , George Cobie 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAims and objectivesTo identify and synthesise the available qualitative evidence on nurses’ perceptions and beliefs related to the care of adults living with multimorbidity.BackgroundThe rising prevalence of adults living with multimorbidity has increased demand for health care and challenges nursing care. No review has been conducted to date of the studies of nurses’ perceptions and beliefs related to the provision of care to guide policy makers, practitioners and further research to identify and deliver quality care for persons living with multimorbidity.DesignSystematic review of qualitative studies conducted in line with the PRISMA checklist.MethodologyEight electronic publication databases and sources of grey literature were searched to identify original qualitative studies of the experience of nurses caring for adults with multiple chronic conditions with no restrictions on the date of publication or study context. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research. Data were extracted using the Joanna Briggs Institute standardised data extraction tool for qualitative research. Data synthesis was undertaken through meta‐aggregation.ResultsEleven qualitative studies were included in the review. All studies met eight or more of the 10 assessment criteria of the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research. Four synthesised findings were generated from the aggregated findings: (i) the challenge of providing nursing care; (ii) the need to deliver holistic and person‐centred nursing care; (iii) the importance of developing a therapeutic nurse–patient relationship, and (iv) delivering nursing care as part of an interprofessional care team.ConclusionsThe complexity of multimorbidity and the predominant single‐disease model of chronic care present challenges for the delivery of nursing care to adults living with multimorbidity.Relevance to clinical practiceThe nursing care of persons with multimorbidity needs to incorporate holistic assessment and person‐centred care principles as part of a collaborative and interprofessional team approach.PROSPERO RegistrationCRD42020186773.
Neuroimaging phenotypes of CSF1R‐related leukoencephalopathy: Systematic review, meta‐analysis, and imaging recommendations
Authors: Mickeviciute Goda‐Camille , Valiuskyte Monika , Plattén Michael , Wszolek Zbigniew K. , Andersen Oluf , Danylaité Karrenbauer Virginija , Ineichen Benjamin V. , Granberg Tobias 
Published: December 2021

AbstractColony‐stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R)‐related leukoencephalopathy is a rare but fatal microgliopathy. The diagnosis is often delayed due to multifaceted symptoms that can mimic several other neurological disorders. Imaging provides diagnostic clues that help identify cases. The objective of this study was to integrate the literature on neuroimaging phenotypes of CSF1R‐related leukoencephalopathy. A systematic review and meta‐analysis were performed for neuroimaging findings of CSF1R‐related leukoencephalopathy via PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase on 25 August 2021. The search included cases with confirmed CSF1R mutations reported under the previous terms hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with spheroids, pigmentary orthochromatic leukodystrophy, and adult‐onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia. In 78 studies providing neuroimaging data, 195 cases were identified carrying CSF1R mutations in 14 exons and five introns. Women had a statistically significant earlier age of onset (p = 0.041, 40 vs 43 years). Mean delay between symptom onset and neuroimaging was 2.3 years. Main magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were frontoparietal white matter lesions, callosal thinning, and foci of restricted diffusion. The hallmark computed tomography (CT) finding was white matter calcifications. Widespread cerebral hypometabolism and hypoperfusion were reported using positron emission tomography and single‐photon emission computed tomography. In conclusion, CSF1R‐related leukoencephalopathy is associated with progressive white matter lesions and brain atrophy that can resemble other neurodegenerative/‐inflammatory disorders. However, long‐lasting diffusion restriction and parenchymal calcifications are more specific findings that can aid the differential diagnosis. Native brain CT and brain MRI (with and without a contrast agent) are recommended with proposed protocols and pictorial examples are provided.