bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validating the Diathesis–Stress Model Based Case Conceptualization Procedure in Cognitive Behavioral Therapies: The LIBET (Life Themes and Semi-Adaptive Plans—Implications of Biased Beliefs, Elicitation and Treatment) Procedure
Authors: Sassaroli Sandra , Caselli Gabriele , Mansueto Giovanni , Palmieri Sara , Pepe Alessandro , Veronese Guido , Ruggiero Giovanni M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractCognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) approaches use case formulation procedures based on the diathesis–stress conceptualization model, arranged in two dimensions: emotional vulnerability (present in a patient’s consciousness in terms of core beliefs) and coping strategies. Nevertheless, despite its pivotal role, there are a limited number of validation studies for this model.Life themes and semi-adaptive plans: Implications of biased beliefs, elicitation and treatment(LIBET) is a CBT case formulation method grounded on the CBT diathesis–stress model that aims to help validate the CBT case formulation model, and, in particular, its bidimensional arrangement. In LIBET, the two classic CBT dimensions are called “life themes,” which are mental states of focused attention to emotional sensitivities represented as core beliefs in consciousness, and “semi-adaptive plans,” which are the rigid management strategies of “life themes” implemented by adopting coping strategies such as anxious safety behaviors, compulsive controls and aggressive or rewarding strategies. The study uses quantitative textual analysis to validate the LIBET procedure in a clinical sample. The investigation discusses the extent to which the results can be considered a validation of the arrangement of the general CBT diathesis–stress model in the two dimensions of core beliefs and coping strategies.
An Interior Point-Proximal Method of Multipliers for Linear Positive Semi-Definite Programming
Authors: Pougkakiotis Spyridon , Gondzio Jacek 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this paper we generalize the Interior Point-Proximal Method of Multipliers (IP-PMM) presented in Pougkakiotis and Gondzio (Comput Optim Appl 78:307–351, 2021.10.1007/s10589-020-00240-9) for the solution of linear positive Semi-Definite Programming (SDP) problems, allowing inexactness in the solution of the associated Newton systems. In particular, we combine an infeasible Interior Point Method (IPM) with the Proximal Method of Multipliers (PMM) and interpret the algorithm (IP-PMM) as a primal-dual regularized IPM, suitable for solving SDP problems. We apply some iterations of an IPM to each sub-problem of the PMM until a satisfactory solution is found. We then update the PMM parameters, form a new IPM neighbourhood, and repeat this process. Given this framework, we prove polynomial complexity of the algorithm, under mild assumptions, and without requiring exact computations for the Newton directions. We furthermore provide a necessary condition for lack of strong duality, which can be used as a basis for constructing detection mechanisms for identifying pathological cases within IP-PMM.
‘Utilitarianism for animals: deontology for people’ and the doing/allowing distinction
Authors: Woollard Fiona 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIt is tempting to think that zebras, goats, lions, and similar animals matter morally, but not in quite the same way people do. This might lead us to adopt a hybrid view of animal ethics such as ‘Utilitarianism for Animals; Deontology for People’. One of the core commitments of deontology is the Doctrine of Doing and Allowing (DDA): the view that doing harm is harder to justify than allowing harm. I explore how this core tenant of deontology applies to non-person, non-human animals and whether hybrid views of animal ethics can accept it. In doing so, I aim to do three things. First, to show that my defence of the DDA can solve a problem surrounding our duties to wild animals, while making only minimal claims about animal moral status. Second, to offer an argument that for many non-person, non-human animals, we should recognise deontological constraints on their treatment, but also see those constraints as importantly different from the constraints against doing harm to persons. Third, to get clearer on how we should understand Utilitarianism for Animals and Nozickian hybrid approaches to animal ethics.
Uncoupling protein 1 knockout aggravates isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial ischemia via AMPK/mTOR/PPARα pathways in rats
Authors: Hou Daorong , Fu Heling , Zheng Yuan , Lu Dan , Ma Yuanwu , Yin Yuan , Zhang Lianfeng , Bao Dan 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) was found exclusively in the inner membranes of the mitochondria of brown adipose tissue (BAT). We found that UCP1 was also expressed in heart tissue and significantly upregulated in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) rat model. The present study is to determine the underlying mechanism involved in the UCP1 upregulation in ISO-induced AMI rat model. The Ucp1−/− rats were generated by CRISPR-Cas9 system and presented decreased BAT volume. 2-months old Sprague Dawley (SD) wild-type (WT) and Ucp1−/− rats were treated with ISO intraperitoneally 30 mg/kg once a day for 3 consecutive days to establish AMI model. In saline group, the echocardiographic parameters, serum markers of myocardial injury cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB), oxidant malondialdehyde (MDA), antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) or fibrosis were comparable between WT and Ucp1−/− rats. ISO treatment induced worse left ventricle (LV) hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, increased higher cTnI, CK-MB and MDA and decreased lower SOD level in Ucp1−/− rats compared with that of WT rats. Ucp1−/− rats also presented lower myocardial phosphocreatine (PCr)/ATP-ratio, which demonstrated worse cardiac energy regulation defect. ISO treatment induced the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, subsequently the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor α (PPARα) activation in WT rats, whereas activation of AMPK/mTOR/PPARα pathways significantly inhibited in Ucp1−/− rats. To sum up, UCP1 knockout aggravated ISO-induced AMI by inhibiting AMPK/mTOR/PPARα pathways in rats. Increasing UCP1 expression in heart tissue may be a cytoprotective therapeutic strategy for AMI.
Improved accuracy and fewer outliers with a novel CT-free robotic THA system in matched-pair analysis with manual THA
Authors: Kamath Atul F. , Durbhakula Sridhar M. , Pickering Trevor , Cafferky Nathan L. , Murray Trevor G. , Wind Michael A. , Méthot Stéphane 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAccurate component orientation and restoration of hip biomechanics remains a continuing challenge in total hip arthroplasty (THA). The goal of this study was to analyze the accuracy/reproducibility of a novel CT-free and pin-less robotic-assisted THA (RA-THA) platform compared to manual THA (mTHA). This matched-pair cadaveric study compared this RA-THA system to mTHA (n = 33/arm), both using the assistance of fluoroscopic imaging, in a group of 14 high-volume arthroplasty surgeons. In both groups, surgeons were asked to aim for 40°/15° for cup inclination/version, and 0 mm of leg length discrepancy (LLD). A validated and accurate method using radio-opaque markers measured cup inclination/version and LLD. The accuracy and reproducibility (fewer outliers) of cup inclination was significantly improved in the robotic group (1.8° ± 1.3° vs 6.4° ± 4.9°, respectively, robotic vs manual; p < 0.001), with no significant difference between groups for version. The reproducibility of LLD was significantly improved in the robotic group (p = 0.003). For all parameters studied, the robotic group had an improved accuracy and lower variance (fewer outliers). The percentage of cases within the more restrictive Callanan safe zone was 100% for RA-THA vs 73% for mTHA (p = 0.002). The CT-free RA-THA platform, using only fluoroscopic imaging, demonstrated more accurate acetabular cup positioning, when compared to the mTHA procedures performed by high-volume hip surgeons (naive to this RA-THA platform), with respect to cup inclination and placement within the Lewinnek/Callanan safe zones. Future study must incorporate economic factors, lower volume surgeons, clinical and patient-centric outcomes, and other radiographic parameters in controlled studies in large sample sizes.
Endocrine system dysfunction and chronic heart failure: a clinical perspective
Authors: Lisco Giuseppe , Giagulli Vito Angelo , Iovino Michele , Zupo Roberta , Guastamacchia Edoardo , De Pergola Giovanni , Iacoviello Massimo , Triggiani Vincenzo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractChronic heart failure (CHF) leads to an excess of urgent ambulatory visits, recurrent hospital admissions, morbidity, and mortality regardless of medical and non-medical management of the disease. This excess of risk may be attributable, at least in part, to comorbid conditions influencing the development and progression of CHF. In this perspective, the authors examined and described the most common endocrine disorders observed in patients with CHF, particularly in individuals with reduced ejection fraction, aiming to qualify the risks, quantify the epidemiological burden and discuss about the potential role of endocrine treatment. Thyroid dysfunction is commonly observed in patients with CHF, and sometimes it could be the consequence of certain medications (e.g., amiodarone). Male and female hypogonadism may also coexist in this clinical context, contributing to deteriorating the prognosis of these patients. Furthermore, growth hormone deficiency may affect the development of adult myocardium and predispose to CHF. Limited recommendation suggests to screen endocrine disorders in CHF patients, but it could be interesting to evaluate possible endocrine dysfunction in this setting, especially when a high suspicion coexists. Data referring to long-term safety and effectiveness of endocrine treatments in patients with CHF are limited, and their impact on several “hard” endpoints (such as hospital admission, all-cause, and cardiovascular mortality) are still poorly understood.
RiFNet: Automated rib fracture detection in postmortem computed tomography
Authors: Ibanez Victor , Gunz Samuel , Erne Svenja , Rawdon Eric J. , Ampanozi Garyfalia , Franckenberg Sabine , Sieberth Till , Affolter Raffael , Ebert Lars C. , Dobay Akos 
Published: October 2021

AbstractImaging techniques are widely used for medical diagnostics. In some cases, a lack of medical practitioners who can manually analyze the images can lead to a bottleneck. Consequently, we developed a custom-made convolutional neural network (RiFNet = Rib Fracture Network) that can detect rib fractures in postmortem computed tomography. In a retrospective cohort study, we retrieved PMCT data from 195 postmortem cases with rib fractures from July 2017 to April 2018 from our database. The computed tomography data were prepared using a plugin in the commercial imaging software Syngo.via whereby the rib cage was unfolded on a single-in-plane image reformation. Out of the 195 cases, a total of 585 images were extracted and divided into two groups labeled “with” and “without” fractures. These two groups were subsequently divided into training, validation, and test datasets to assess the performance of RiFNet. In addition, we explored the possibility of applying transfer learning techniques on our dataset by choosing two independent noncommercial off-the-shelf convolutional neural network architectures (ResNet50 V2 and Inception V3) and compared the performances of those two with RiFNet. When using pre-trained convolutional neural networks, we achieved an F1 score of 0.64 with Inception V3 and an F1 score of 0.61 with ResNet50 V2. We obtained an average F1 score of 0.91 ± 0.04 with RiFNet. RiFNet is efficient in detecting rib fractures on postmortem computed tomography. Transfer learning techniques are not necessarily well adapted to make classifications in postmortem computed tomography.
Collective Epistemic Luck
Authors: Barba Moisés , Broncano-Berrocal Fernando 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA platitude in epistemology is that an individual’s belief does not qualify as knowledge if it is true by luck. Individuals, however, are not the only bearers of knowledge. Many epistemologists agree that groups can also possess knowledge in a way that is genuinely collective. If groups can know, it is natural to think that, just as true individual beliefs fall short of knowledge due to individual epistemic luck, true collective beliefs may fall short of knowledge because of collective epistemic luck. This paper argues, first, that the dominant view of epistemic luck in the literature, the modal view, does not yield a satisfactory account of lucky collective beliefs. Second, it argues that collective epistemic luck is better explained in terms of groups lacking (suitably defined) forms of control over collective belief formation that are specific to the different procedures for forming collective beliefs. One of the main implications of this, we will argue, is that groups whose beliefs are formed via internal deliberation are more vulnerable to knowledge-undermining collective luck than groups that form their beliefs via non-deliberative methods, such as non-deliberative anonymous voting. The bottom line is that the greater exposure to knowledge-undermining luck that deliberation gives rise to provides a reason (not a conclusive one) for thinking that non-deliberative methods of group belief formation have greater epistemic value.
Surges of hospital-based rhinovirus infection during the 2020 coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic in Beijing, China
Authors: Zhang Ruo-Xi , Chen Dong-Mei , Qian Yuan , Sun Yu , Zhu Ru-Nan , Wang Fang , Ding Ya-Xin , Guo Qi , Zhou Yu-Tong , Qu Dong , Cao Ling , Zhu Chun-Mei , Zhao Lin-Qing 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Background
A series of public health preventive measures has been widely implemented in Beijing to control the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic since January 2020. An evaluation of the effects of these preventive measures on the spread of other respiratory viruses is necessary.

Methods
Respiratory specimens collected from children with acute respiratory infections were tested by NxTAG™ respiratory pathogen panel assays during January 2017 and December 2020. Specimens characterized as rhinoviruses (RVs) were sequenced to identify the RV species and types. Then, the epidemiology results of respiratory pathogens in 2020 were compared with those from 2017 to 2019 using SPSS statistics 22.0.

Results
The positive rates of adenovirus (ADV), influenza virus (flu), RVs, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) dropped abruptly by 86.31%, 94.67%, 94.59%, and 92.17%, respectively, from February to May 2020, compared with the average level in the same period during 2017–2019. Positive rates of RVs then steeply increased from June 2020 (13.77%), to an apex (37.25%) in August 2020, significantly higher than the average rates (22.51%) in August 2017–2019 (P = 0.005). The increase, especially in group ≥ 3 years, was accompanied by the reopening of schools and kindergartens after the 23rd and 24th week of 2020 in Beijing.

Conclusions
Whereas the abrupt drop in viral pathogen positive rates from February to May 2020 revealed the remarkable effects of the COVID-19 preventive measures, the sharp increase in positive rates of RVs from the 23rd week of 2020 might be explained by the reopening of schools and kindergartens in Beijing.
Einfluss von Spine und Spline auf die Pfeilgruppierung bei der Compound-Bogen-Meisterschaftsrunde auf 50 m
Authors: Spura Christian 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungWird ein Pfeil von einem Compound-Bogen abgeschossen, so verursacht die durch das Zuggewicht auf den Pfeil übertragene Abschussenergie eine Biegeknickung (seitliches Ausweichen der Längsachse) des Pfeils. Je nach statischem Spine-Wert des Pfeilschafts, fällt diese Biegung größer oder kleiner aus. Während des freien Pfeilfluges muss die Biegeknickung, welche in Form einer freien Schwingung sichtbar ist, durch die Steifigkeits- und Dämpfungseigenschaften des dynamischen Spines kompensiert werden. Der Pfeil muss sich im freien Flug entsprechend eigenständig stabilisieren, um auf der Zielscheibe eine möglichst kleine Pfeilgruppierung zu erreichen. Darüber hinaus variiert der statische Spinewert entlang des Pfeilumfangs, und bei jedem Pfeil ist eine bestimmte Orientierung vorhanden, in welcher die Durchbiegung am größten bzw. kleinsten ist. Dies wird im Allgemeinen mit Spline bezeichnet. In diesem Beitrag wird mittels experimenteller Untersuchungen dargelegt, welche Auswirkung die Wahl eines zu weichen oder zu steifen Pfeils (dynamischer Spine) im Vergleich zu einem optimalen Pfeil auf die Größe der Pfeilgruppierung und damit auf die Ringzahl besitzt. Zudem werden auch Variationen der Lage und Orientierung des Splines durchgeführt. Hier zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass der Spline keine Auswirkungen auf die Größe der Pfeilgruppierung besitzt. Weiterhin ergeben sich aus den Untersuchungsergebnissen, dass ein zu weicher wie auch ein zu steifer Pfeil zu einer Vergrößerung der Pfeilgruppierung führen und dadurch das Wertungsergebnis entsprechend geringer wird. Mithilfe der durchgeführten Untersuchungen in diesem Beitrag wird der Einfluss des Spine auf die Pfeilgruppierung aufgezeigt, um den Bogenschützen bei der richtigen Materialauswahl zu unterstützen.
„Exekutive Funktionen im Lehrplan“
Authors: Schweihofen Christian 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungBildungsstandards, Kernlehrpläne, Outputsteuerung, Kompetenzen sind Schlagworte, unter denen sprachlich wohlklingende und sachlich hohe Ansprüche an die Sportlehrkräfte gestellt werden. Der Beitrag analysiert an einem aktuellen Beispiel der Lehrplanentwicklung mit Blick auf Baden-Württemberg und Nordrhein-Westfalen die Begriffe „Selbstregulation, Fähigkeit zur Selbstregulation, Selbstregulationskompetenz und Kompetenz zur Selbstregulation“ und findet eine Kluft zwischen den allgemeinen Ansprüchen an die Entwicklung von Bildungsstandards und deren wenig differenzierter, eher faktoider Umsetzung in den Kernlehrplänen Sport. Es werden Wünsche für die Weiterentwicklung von Unterrichtskonzepten, gehaltvollere Bildungsstandards und für bessere Kernlehrpläne geäußert, damit der Sportunterricht nicht trotz, sondern wegen der kompetenzorientierten Lehrpläne guten Unterricht, Bildung und Kompetenzerwerb ermöglicht.
An assessment of the environmental and socio-economic impacts of alien rabbits and hares
Authors: Allmert Tom , Jeschke Jonathan M. , Evans Thomas 
Published: October 2021

AbstractDirectly comparable data on the environmental and socio-economic impacts of alien species informs the effective prioritisation of their management. We used two frameworks, the Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) and Socio-Economic Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (SEICAT), to create a unified dataset on the severity and type of impacts caused by alien leporids (rabbits and hares). Literature was reviewed to collate impact data, which was categorised following EICAT and SEICAT guidelines. We aimed to use these data to identify: (1) alien leporid species with severe impacts, (2) their impact mechanisms, (3) the native species and local communities vulnerable to impacts and (4) knowledge gaps. Native species from a range of taxonomic groups were affected by environmental impacts which tended to be more damaging than socio-economic impacts. Indirect environmental impacts were particularly damaging and underreported. No impact data were found for several alien leporid species.
Fostering Children’s Participation in Disaster Risk Reduction Through Play: A Case Study of LEGO and Minecraft
Authors: Le Dé Loïc , Gaillard JC , Gampell Anthony , Loodin Nickola , Hinchliffe Graham 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis article focuses on children’s participation in disaster risk reduction. It draws on a 2018 study done in New Zealand with 33 school children who conducted participatory mapping with LEGO and the video game Minecraft to assess disaster risk in their locality and identify ways to be more prepared. The research involved participatory activities with the children actively involved in the co-design, implementation, and evaluation of the initiative. A focus group discussion was also conducted to assess the project from the viewpoint of the schoolteachers. The results indicate that LEGO and Minecraft are playful tools for children to participate in disaster risk reduction. The research identifies four key elements of genuine children’s participation, including the Participants, Play, the Process, and Power (4 Ps). This framework emphasizes that fostering children’s participation in disaster risk reduction requires focusing on the process through which children gain power to influence decisions that matter to them. The process, through play, is child-centered and fosters ownership. The article concludes that Play is essential to ground participation within children’s worldviews and their networks of friends and relatives.
The cognitive comparison enhanced hierarchical clustering
Authors: Guan Chun , Yuen Kevin Kam Fung 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe growth of online shopping is rapidly changing the buying behaviour of consumers. Today, there are challenges facing buyers in the selection of a preferred item from the numerous choices available in the market. To improve the consumer online shopping experience, recommender systems have been developed to reduce the information overload. In this paper, a cognitive comparison-enhanced hierarchical clustering (CCEHC) system is proposed to provide personalised product recommendations based on user preferences. A novel rating method, cognitive comparison rating (CCR), is applied to weigh the product attributes and measure the categorical scales of attributes according to expert knowledge and user preferences. Hierarchical clustering is used to cluster the products into different preference categories. The CCEHC model can be used to rank and cluster product data with the input of user preferences and produce reliable customised recommendations for the users. To demonstrate the advantages of the proposed model, the CCR method is compared with the rating approach of the analytic hierarchy process. Two recommendation cases are demonstrated in this paper with two datasets, one collected by this research for laptop recommendation and the other an open dataset for workstation recommendation. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed system is feasible for providing personalised recommendations. The significance of this research is the provision of a recommendation solution that does not depend on historical purchase records; rather, one wherein the users’ rating preferences and expert knowledge, both of which are measured by CCR, is considered. The proposed CCEHC model could be further applied to other types of similar recommendation cases such as music, books, and movies.