bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between the Concentrations Of PM2.5 Indoors Obtained by Using the Optical and Gravimetric Methods: Preliminary Analysis
Authors: PASTUSZKA Jozef S. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The paper presents preliminary analysis of measurements of the mass concentrations of PM2.5 in the indoor environment, obtained with the use of two optical instruments: (Grimm device and low-cost sensor) and a sampler based on the gravimetric method (SKC). It was found that the measurement of PM2.5 using an optical device with active sampling underestimates the actual mass concentration of this mode (PM2.5), while measurement using an optical device with passive sampling of air overestimates the concentration of PM2.5. It has been shown that the physical relationship between the mass concentrations of airborne particles obtained with an optical sensor (Csensor
) and concentrations obtained with the gravimetric method (Cgrav
) is not linear. However, for practical reasons, the correct (“true”) concentration levels of PM2.5 in an indoor environment can be estimated by converting sensor data according to a simple linear equation, i.e., Cgrav
= a Csensor
. The coefficient a for the sensor used was estimated at 0.45.
Dari Ilmu Tauhid/Ilmu Kalam ke Teologi: Analisis Epistemologis
Authors: Syafii Syafii 
Published: January 2021

Artikel ini membahas tentang paradigma baru dalam kajian ilmu tauhid dan ilmu kalam ke arah teologi dengan mengusung berbagai ke­pen­tingan kehidupan manusia di era kekinian. Kajian yang ada dalam ilmu tauhid dan ilmu kalam secara epis­te­mologis dapat dijadikan se­bagai modal keaga­ma­an. Namun, dalam se­jarahnya kajian yang ada menjadi sesuatu yang cenderung mengada-ada dan kurang menyen­tuh pada persoalan praktis umat manusia. Apa yang digagas oleh ulama terdahulu merupakan res­pon ke­sejarahan dan konsekuensi logis ter­ha­dap kebutuhan umat saat itu. Pergeseran epis­te­­mo­logis merupakan suatu keharusan dan mut­lak dilakukan untuk menjadikan keagamaan manusia lebih segar dan dinamis.
DECLARATION TOWARD A GLOBAL ETHIC OF THE PARLIAMENT OF THE WORLD’S RELIGIONS AND BUILDING WORLD PEACE
Authors: Sholihan Sholihan 
Published: January 2021

Tulisan ini membahas Etika Global Deklarasi Parlemen Agama-agama Dunia dan signifi­kan­sinya bagi penciptaan dunia yang damai, dalam pengertiannya sebagai negative peace ataupun positive peace. Ada beberapa nilai yang harus ada dalam dunia yang damai, yaitu: non-keke­rasan, kesejahteraan ekonomi, keadilan sosial, keseimbangan ekologis, dan kesetaraan, khu­sus­­nya keseteraan gender. Nilai- nilai ini pulalah yang dipromosikan oleh Deklarasi Etika Global yaitu, komitmen pada budaya non-kekerasan dan hormat pada kehidupan, komitmen pada bu­daya solidaritas dan tata ekonomi yang adil, komitmen pada budaya toleransi dan hidup yang benar, dan komitmen pada budaya per­samaan hak dan kemitrasejajaran antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Dengan demikian jelaslah signifikansi deklarasi etika global bagi upaya penciptaan dunia yang damai
TAFSIR AYAT-AYAT KASIH SAYANG DALAM MASYARAKAT PLURAL
Authors: Irawan Bambang 
Published: January 2021

Islam sangat menghargai harkat kemanusiaan universal, menganjurkan hidup dengan damai dan saling menyayangi. Melakukan kekerasan dan pembunuhan terhadap seorang manusia tanpa ada alasan yang benar, sama halnya dengan telah membunuh manusia sejagat. Namun, di tengah riuhnya tuntutan tersebut, muncul para­doks: yaitu intensitas ritual keagamaan menjadi sangat romantik dan marak, namun dalam kehi­dup­an sehari-hari belum mampu melahirkan ke­sa­lehan diri, apalagi kesalehan sosial. Ke­hi­dup­an beragama tampak meriah dalam rutinitasnya, namun tanpa disertai dengan keprihatinan dan tanggung jawab sosial. Tulisan berikut adalah upaya sederhana menggali dan menafsirkan ayat-ayat al-qur’an yang terkait dengan cara hidup yang damai dan kasih sayang dalam masyarakat yang plural
ISLAM RADIKAL VS ISLAM RAHMAH KASUS INDONESIA
Authors: Syukur Suparman 
Published: January 2021

Momentum kebebasan demokrasi memberi angin segar bagi kelompok fundamentalis-radi­kal merangsek ke tengah publik untuk menyua­ra­kan aspirasi politis-ideologisnya. Sialnya, cara, gaya, karakter atau pendekatan yang digunakan kerap berseberangan dengan iden­ti­tas dan bangunan budaya bangsa ini. Kekerasan kerap menjadi menu tidak asing lagi yang melekat dalam tubuh kelompok fundamentalis-radikal. Dengan berjubahkan agama dan atas nama agama, Islam sebagai agama rahmah dan toleran menjadi kabur dibumi Indonesia ini, tertutupi oleh merebaknya fenomena radikali­tas dan ekstrimitas kelompok-kelompok funda­men­talis-radikal. Bukan hanya itu, logika radi­kalitas kelompok fundamentalis-radikal pun berjalan diatas logika demokrasi dan kebebasan menyuarakan pendapat, walau harus mengor­ban­kan keadaban dan keluhuran agama dan bangsa ini
PREVENTING RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION AGAINST AHMADIYAH
Authors: Anshori Afnan 
Published: January 2021

As a global phenomenon, religious persecution might occur within all religions as well as nations. In Indonesia, this phenomenon occurs within Islam. One of the most controversial cases regarding religious persecution is the discrimination experienced by Ahmadiyah. Here, they could not perform religious active­tie­s freely as they are prohibited to do so. In ad­dition, their properties as well as their religious and educational facilities have been destroyed. To resolve this case, there are at least, two approaches that can be used, which include judicial and non-judicial strategies. This resear­ch suggests the use of non-judicial strategies, which aim at eradicating religious persecution experienced by Ahmadis by raising people’s consciousness about religious tolerance and human rights. This includes intra-religious di­alog­ue and multicultural and human rights education. In terms of dialogue, this research suggests the use of intra-religious dialogue within Islam, especially between Ahmadiyah and orthodox Muslims.
Sprinkler droplet impact angle affects shear stress distribution on soil surface – a case study of a ball-driven sprinkler
Authors: Hui Xin , Yan Haijun , Xu Yuncheng , Tan Haibin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Droplet shear stress is the main cause of soil erosion under sprinkler irrigation, and the effect of droplet impact angle on the shear stress distribution cannot be ignored. In this study, a ball-driven sprinkler was selected to investigate the radial distributions of droplet impact angles under three operating pressures (0.25, 0.30, and 0.35 MPa) and two nozzle diameters (1.9 and 2.2 mm), which are commonly used in agricultural irrigation. The effect of droplet impact angles on the distances from the sprinkler, droplet impact velocities, and shear stresses were analyzed by a 2DVD instrument. Irrespective of the nozzle diameter or operating pressure, the droplet velocities and impact angles near the sprinkler were distributed at 1.0–5.5 m s−1 and 70–90°, respectively, and the droplet shear stress increased with the distance from the sprinkler. Suitable operating pressure and distance from the sprinkler significantly reduced the droplet shear stress. Although the nozzle diameter had a certain effect on the maximum shear stress, the overall effect was insignificant. We developed the models for the radial distribution of droplet shear stresses, which were in good agreement with the measurement. This study proposes a new method for accurately predicating the soil erosion under sprinkler irrigation.
Defining the Optimal Threshold Scores for Adult Autism Subthreshold Spectrum (AdAS Spectrum) in Clinical and General Population
Authors: Dell’Osso Liliana , Carmassi Claudia , Cremone Ivan Mirko , Muti Dario , Salerni Antonio , Barberi Filippo Maria , Massimetti Enrico , Gesi Camilla , Politi Pierluigi , Aguglia Eugenio , Maj Mario , Carpita Barbara 
Published: January 2021

Background:
The Adult Autism Subthreshold Spectrum (AdAS Spectrum) is a recently developed instrument tailored to assess the broad range of full-threshold as well as sub-threshold manifestations related to the autism spectrum. Although it has proved to be a valuable instrument for quantitative assessment of autistic symptoms, the AdAS Spectrum still lacks validated diagnostic thresholds.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to define the best cut-off scores of the AdAS Spectrum for determining the presence of subthreshold autistic traits as well as a clinically significant autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods:
Our sample was composed of 39 patients with full-blown ASD, 73 subjects with autistic traits, and 150 healthy controls. Subjects were evaluated by trained psychiatrists, who performed a clinical diagnosis according to DSM-5 and then assessed with the AdAS Spectrum and the Autism Spectrum Quotient.

Results:
Our results showed that the most discriminant cut-off scores were 70 for identifying subjects with full-blown ASD, and 43 for determining the presence of significant autistic traits.

Conclusion:
The threshold values proposed here showed satisfying levels of specificity and sensibility, as well as a good agreement with the diagnosis according to DSM-5 criteria, confirming the validity of the AdAS Spectrum as a psychometric tool for measuring ASD-related conditions in the clinical and general population.
Investigating the Effect of Different Metal Sheets on Reducing Radiation Behind Intraoral Digital Phosphor Plates During Intraoral Radiography using Gray Value
Authors: Mehdizadeh Mojdeh , Tavakoli Mohammad Bagher , Moghaddam Farida Ghazanfari 
Published: January 2021

Purpose:
To assess the efficacy of metal sheets with different thicknesses on reducing the radiation behind the photostimulable phosphor plate (PSP) during intraoral periapical examinations.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, a phantom head was used to investigate the effect of using metal sheets of aluminum, stainless steel, and copper with three thicknesses of 0.5, 0.75 and 1mm on reducing the radiation behind PSP. Images were acquired at 66 kVp 8 mA, and 0.16 s using the long-cone paralleling technique. The images were saved and exported to DICOM format without any post-processing. Then, they were transferred to an image processing software (Mimics, Materialize, Leuven, Belgium), and their mean gray values (MGV) were determined. The acquired data were statically analyzed for accessing the significant difference in groups means using ANOVA, and the means of groups were compared using Tukey’s test procedure.

Results:
The MGV of the second PSP differed significantly from those PSPs slotted with various metals (p<0.001). The MGV for lead and stainless steel at 0.5 mm thickness was insignificant (p = 0.852), but differed significantly from other metals. The MGV for PSPs with 0.75 mm stainless steel and 1 mm copper slots were varied significantly from those of all other PSP and metals. The 1 mm copper group was significantly different from all other groups (p<0.001).

Conclusion:
Using the mean gray value of the PSP, the use of various metal sheets of different thicknesses could effectively reduce the radiation behind the PSPs during periapical radiographs.
Splinting of the Anterior Maxillary Teeth Using Glass-Ceramic Materials: A Case Report
Authors: Roussou Vasilliki , Pachiou Aspasia , Kourtis Stefanos 
Published: January 2021

Objective:The aim of this study was to present the technique of splinting anterior maxillary teeth using heat-pressed glass-ceramic material in a clinical case with long-term follow-up.Clinical Considerations:Various materials, including fiber-reinforced tapes, glass fibers, composite resin, and partial coverage metal frameworks, have been used as splinting materials with encouraging clinical results.Conclusion:As shown in the presented case, glass-ceramic heat-pressing materials can be used successfully for the splinting of anterior teeth.
Antifungal Effectiveness between Tricalcium Silicate-White Portland Cements Added Bi2O3 and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Against Candida albicans
Authors: Nurdin Denny , Sari Maulidia Indah , Adang Rahmi Alma Farah , Primathena Indra , Cahyanto Arief 
Published: January 2021

Background

Candida albicans is the most dominant fungus found in root canal reinfection cases. This microorganism can withstand extreme pH, low oxygen levels, lack of nutrients, and penetrate the dentinal tubules so that it can resist the intracanal medicament. Root canal cement helps prevent microorganisms and causing root canal reinfection. MTA is one of the root canals cement which is widely used and has an excellent antifungal activity, but it is less beneficial economically. Tricalcium silicate-white Portland cement (WPC) has a similar main composition as MTA, except there is no Bi2O3 content that functions as a radiopacifier.

Objectives:
To fabricate a mixture of tricalcium silicate-WPC with Bi2O3 through a simple solution method and investigate antifungal activity's effectiveness between tricalcium silicate-WPC added Bi2O3 and MTA to C. albicans.

Materials and Methods:
The 80 g of tricalcium silicate-WPC was mixed with 20 g of Bi2O3 through the simple solution method using 99.9% isopropanol as a solution. This sample solution is stirred until homogeneous, then centrifuged. The precipitate was dried until a dry powder was obtained. The powder was analyzed using X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry to identify its chemical composition and concentration. A total of 30 samples were divided into two experimental groups of tricalcium silicate-WPC added Bi2O3 and ProRoot MTA. The vials, which contain cement and C. albicans, respectively, were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours and diluted to obtain a suspension 104, 106 (0.5 in McFarland’s nephelometer) and then inoculated with sterile cotton swabs onto Saboroud Dextrose Agar Plates. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The measurement of colony number of C. albicans was counted by colony counter (CFU/ml).

Results:
The Bi2O3 was revealed in tricalcium silicate-WPC based on XRF characterization, and the antifungal test showed that both materials were effective against C. albicans. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of C. albicans colonies between tricalcium-WPC added Bi2O3 and MTA (p>0.05).

Conclusion:
The mixture of Bi2O3 in tricalcium silicate-WPC was successfully fabricated through a simple solution method, and both samples were effective against the C. albicans.
Management of Membrane Exposure Utilizing Concentrated Growth Factor (CFG) in Guided Bone Regeneration: A Clinical Report
Authors: Alauddin Muhammad Syafiq , Ramli Haslinda 
Published: January 2021

Introduction:
This is a clinical case of a healthy woman with a missing upper right central incisor (#8) who requested a permanent prosthetic replacement due to endodontic failure. Clinically, she was presented with thin edentulous ridges and fibrous gingival tissue and minimal or compromised alveolar bone segment on the buccal profile as detected on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Case Report:
The conventional treatment approach is to add pink porcelain; however, rarely does the prosthetic gingiva substitute blend well with the existing oral profile. Therefore,Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) was done instead on #8 using the allograft [RegenOss, Neobiotech] and PTFE membrane. Upon examination, membrane exposure was detected, and the size was found to be increased in follow-up visits. The membrane was replaced with a Concentrated Growth Factor [CGF] and sutured at the site of the defect. After 12 months, a vertical and horizontal bone with adequate soft tissue emergence profile was achieved clinically, radiographically, and digitally. The delayed removal of the exposed membrane provided more time for initial bone regeneration in GBR. The replacement barrier of an exposed membrane using CGF is considered an innovative procedure with the cellular content providing vascularization and regeneration.

Conclusion:
This case concludes that CGF can be a viable alternative material to enhance GBR outcome in replacing exposed membranes.
Physical, Proximate and Sensory Properties of Cake Produced using Shea Butter as Shortening
Authors: Oludolapo A. Osunrinade , Abibat O. Azeez , Kafayat A. Babalola , Yemisi O. Bamisaye 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Shea butter is the under-consumed vegetable fat and oil. Making shea butter a part of food components in confectionaries would increase its utilization.

Objective:
In this study, the cake was produced by incorporating shea butter as shortening.

Methods:
Shea butter to margarine ratio was 100: 0, 50:50, 40:60, 30:70, and 0:100%, and additional cake samples were produced using flashed shea butter. Standard methods determined the physical and proximate properties of the cake samples, while 25-member panelists did the sensory evaluation. Statistical significance was done at p<0.05. The height, weight, and volume of the cake samples ranged from 3.2 to 3.9 cm, 39 to 50 g, and 625 cm3 to 1026 cm3, respectively. The ranges of moisture, fat, protein, carbohydrate, crude fiber, and the ash content of cakes were 13.7-17.3, 24.3- 30.7, 4.4-8.6, 43-50, 0.10-1.10, and 2.9-3.9%, respectively. The energy value of cake samples in kcal ranged from 440 to 471.

Results:
There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the height and volume of the cakes produced from 100% shea butter and 100% margarine. The fat, crude fiber, and ash content increase with the increase in Shea butter substitution. There was no significant difference in the taste and appearance of cake samples from 100%, 70%, 60%, and 50% margarine.

Conclusion:
Cake samples produced with 60% margarine and 40% shea butter were the most liked by the consumers. Acceptable cakes can be produced by the inclusion of up to 50% shea butter as part of the shortening.
Description and Validation of Nursing Diagnosis Using Electronic Documentation: Study Cases in Mother and Child Hospital Indonesia
Authors: Hariyati Rr.Tutik Sri , Handiyani Hanny , Rahman Laode Abdul , Afriani Tuti 
Published: January 2021

Background:
A nursing diagnosis is a clinical judgment concerning a human response to a health condition, vulnerability for that response, by an individual, family, group, or community. For the determination of the right nursing diagnosis, a system that guides nurses in implementing care professionally is needed.

Objective:
To describe the nursing diagnosis in mother and child cases validated by using a management nursing information system.

Methods:
This case study used secondary data from 5.294 medical records. Medical records were retrieved from the server, analyzed, and validated by using the mapping model in accordance with the most frequent cases in mothers and children in the hospital. Approximately ten million (10.021) nursing diagnoses were performed by nurses and validated by using a mapping model of medical cases and nursing assessment. The selected medical cases were the five most frequent cases, namely normal delivery, cesarean delivery, healthy newborn, fever, and dengue in children.

Results:
This study yielded the five most frequent nursing diagnoses, namely risk for infection (20.1%), pain (13.37%), anxiety (9.37%), the risk for imbalanced fluid volume (9.36%), and risk for bleeding (9.27%).

Conclusion:
The electronic nursing documentation could help to determine a nursing diagnosis and had been validated for its appropriateness with assessment and the most common cases in mothers and children. Information and system training development are required to carry out the nursing process comprehensively.
Sol-gel Autocombustion Elaboration and Physiochemical Characterizations of Cu2+ Substituted Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles
Authors: Hamdi N. , Bessais L. , Belam W. 
Published: January 2021

Introduction:The copper doped cobalt ferrite series, with nominal formula CuXCo1-XFe2O4(X = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1), has been elaboratedviasol-gel autocombustion process by copper substitution procedure into cobalt ferrite framework.Methods:The five synthesized ferrites have been analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, complex impedance spectroscopy and superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry.Results and Discussion:The analysis of the results allowed to deduce that the cubic spinel basic structure was not modified by the incorporation of copper into the host lattice and the corresponding pure fine powders obtained formed by homogeneous nanoparticles. The highest electrical conductivity value, σDC(373K) = 27.03x10-3S.cm-1, was observed in the case of CuFe2O4.Conclusion:Moreover, the superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature has been confirmed by using both ZFC-FC and hysteresis magnetic measurement modes. In addition, the remarkable electrical conductivity and magnetic properties of the five explored nanoferrites, derived from the present investigation, enabled them useful in several modern nanotechnological and biomedical applications.
How Much Do We Know? Assessing Public Knowledge, Awareness, Impact, and Awareness Guidelines for Epilepsy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Musekwa O.P. , Makhado L. , Maphula A. , Mabunda J.T. 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Epilepsy misconceptions are widespread; these influence the quality of life of people living with epilepsy (50 million people worldwide) and their families.

Objective:
The review’s objective was to highlight the public knowledge and awareness of epilepsy with an emphasis on its impact, gaps, and available guidelines for public awareness.

Methods:
The search databases included PubMed, EBSCOhost, Google Scholar using keywords, index terms as well as the Boolean search. Twenty-seven studies were included, which yielded three themes and six sub-themes.

Results:
Three themes emerged from the data: knowledge, beliefs, and awareness of epilepsy, the impact of epilepsy, and epilepsy awareness guide. From these themes, six sub-themes were established.

Implications:
Generally, people in Africa continue to hold misconceptions about epilepsy. This study shows that there is a need for further research examining the level of knowledge and awareness held in different contexts to develop a means to educate the general public as it has been revealed that there is generally inadequate knowledge and awareness of epilepsy. Furthermore, this study gathers knowledge that is now accessible as a threshold to much-needed research on epilepsy education, awareness and knowledge in Africa.