bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insertion of Transnasal Abscess Drainage Tube, Decompression Tube, and Jejunal Nutrition Tube Under Fluoroscopy to Treat Esophagojejunal Anastomotic Fistula After Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zhao Yue , Yin Meipan , Liu Tao , Yang Zhen , Ma Yaozhen , Li Chunxia , Li Xiaobing , Wang Shuai , Xie Pengfei , Wu Gang 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background

Esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage is a serious complication after total gastrectomy. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of transnasal placement of drainage tube, jejunal decompression tube, and jejunal nutrition tube under fluoroscopy for treatment of esophagojejunal anastomotic fistula after gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients.
Methods

Retrospective review of patients with esophagojejunal anastomotic fistula treated with transnasal placement of abscess drainage tube, decompression tube, and jejunal nutrition tube under fluoroscopy. Fistula healing time, patient survival, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status before and after treatment were evaluated.
Results

Thirty-eight patients were included in the study. Insertion of the transnasal abscess drainage tube, jejunal decompression tube, and nutrition tube was successful on the first attempt in all patients. Simple transnasal drainage was used in 27 patients (one drainage tube placed plus one drainage tube replacement in 15 patients, and one drainage tube placed in 12 patients), and transnasal drainage plus percutaneous abscess drainage in 11 patients. After placement of the tube, the mean volume of drainage was 120 ml (10–850 mL); the amount steadily decreased from then on. The fistula healed in 33 patients. Median time to fistula healing was 78 days (6-248 days). Two patients suffered gastrointestinal bleeding after the procedure but one patient died.
Conclusions

Transnasal insertion of transnasal abscess drainage tube, jejunal decompression tube, and jejunal nutrition tube under fluoroscopy appears to be a simple, minimally invasive, effective, and safe method for treating esophagojejunal anastomotic fistula after gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
Exploring Biomarkers of Universal Specificities and Commonalities among Pan-cancer Cohorts in The Cancer Genome Atlas
Authors: Wu Jie , Lin Deng , Jiu Liandi , Liu Qi , Zhao Yiqiang , Gu Zhenglong 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Abnormal DNA methylation (DNAm) has been associated with the onset and development of cancer; thus, it is vital to develop an in-depth understanding of DNAm patterns as well as the accompanying variations across multiple cancer cohorts to explore the mechanism of cancer development. The use of DNAm biomarkers holds great promise for the standardization of cancer diagnostics in clinical trials. This research focused on the discovery of universally specific or common biomarkers that would be. First, we explored primary cancers with significantly higher variations compared with normal solid tissues, as well as the heterogeneity in methylation in different cancers. Second, we found 138 differently methylated CpGs (DMCs) with a common methylation trend and eight common differently methylated regions (DMRs) in different cancer cohorts. Third, we found 99 DMCs to distinguish 32 different cancer cohorts in Random Forest (RF) analysis because of the specificity mechanism, but each DMC still had high instability. Additionally, the most important 10 DMCs among the 99 DMCs affected the survival time of cancer individuals. By employing a comprehensive analysis of DNAm patterns and variations in cancers, our results could facilitate the development of biomarkers that are universally specific and common features among DNAm profiles across multiple cancer cohorts. Our findings also provide new insights for the prevention and treatment of cancer.
Clinical Implementation of Deep Learning MR reconstruction for TSE Sequences: Reduction of Acquisition Time and Maintenance
Authors: Herrmann Judith , Gassenmaier Sebastian , Kuestner Thomas , Kuendel Matthias , Nickel Dominik , Koerzdoerfer Gregor , Mostapha Mahmoud , Nadar Mariappan , Othman Ahmed 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: The application of Deep Learning (DL) in MR image reconstruction is increasingly gaining attention due to its potential of increasing image quality and reducing acquisition time. However, the technology hasn’t been yet implemented in clinical routine. The aim of this study was therefore to describe the implementation of this novel DL image reconstruction for turbo spin echo (TSE) sequences in clinical workflow including a thorough explanation of the required steps and an evaluation of the obtainable image quality compared to conventional TSE.Methods: DL image reconstruction using a variational network was clinically implemented to enable acquisition of accelerated TSE sequences. After internal review board’s approval and informed consent, 30 examinations for knee, shoulder, and lumbar spine in 15 volunteers at 3 T were included in this prospective study. Conventional TSE sequences (TSE) and TSE with deep learning reconstruction (TSEDL) were compared regarding overall image quality, noise, sharpness, and subjective signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR), as well diagnostic confidence and image impression. Comparative analyses were conducted to assess the differences between the sequences. A survey on technologists’ acceptance was performed for DL image reconstruction. Results: DL image reconstruction was successfully implemented in a clinical workflow and TSEDL allowed a remarkable time saving of more than 50%. Overall image quality, diagnostic confidence and image impression for TSEDL were rated as excellent (median 4, IQR 4-4) and comparable to TSE (image quality: p=0.059, diagnostic confidence: p=0.157, image impression: p=0.102). Noise, sharpness, artifacts, and subjective SNR for TSEDL reached significantly superior levels to TSE (noise: p<0.001, sharpness: p=0.001, artifacts: p=0.014, subjective SNR: p<0.001). Technologists reported high levels of acceptance for DL image reconstruction. Required time for the reconstruction process was rated moderate and longer than standard sequences (median 2, IQR 2-3). Required time and effort for the implementation in daily workflow was rated as low effort (median 4, IQR 3-4). General applicability of DL reconstruction as well as acceptance of DL sequences in clinical routine were rated excellent (median 4, IQR 3-4). Conclusion: DL image reconstruction for TSE sequences can be implemented in clinical workflow and enables a remarkable time saving (>50%) in image acquisition while maintaining excellent image quality.Trial registration: Your clinical trial is officially registered at the German DRKS with the registration number: DRKS00023278.
Macro and Micro Analysis on Coal-bearing Soil Slopes Instability Based on CFD-DEM Coupling Method
Authors: Zhang Hong , Zhang Bang , Feng Haoran , Wu Can , Chen Kun 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
By combining the discrete element method (DEM) with computational fluid dynamics (CFD), a three-dimensional CFD–DEM fluid–solid coupling microscopic computational model was established to analyse the micro-mechanism of instability and failure in a coal-bearing soil slope during rainfall. According to the results, the main failure mode of coal-bearing soil slopes simulated by the CFD–DEM fluid–solid coupling model was rainwater washing, and the slope sliding surface was predicted as an approximately linear segment. The adaptability of this numerical method was verified by considering its similarity to a range of rain-washed slopes in an outdoor model test. During rainfall, microscopic parameters, such as force chain and coordination number slope soil particles, changed, as confirmed by changes in the coordination number of the slope’s top particles from 6.0 in the initial state to 3.2 in the unstable state. This was directly related to the macroscopic mechanics of the slope soil. In this study, based on the analysis of the changes in the microscopic parameters of the particles, the law of failure evolution of coal-bearing soil slopes during rainfall was explored from the microscopic perspective. This study not only provides a theoretical basis for the protection design and construction of coal-bearing soil slopes in the region but also encourages an effective analytical method for the macroscopic mechanical law of discrete media from a micro-macro perspective in geotechnical engineering.
Interim and End-treatment 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT and Bone Scan in Prostate Cancer Patients Treated with Radium 223 Dichloride
Authors: Vicente Ana Maria Garcia , Amo-Salas Mariano , Espinosa Javier Cassinello , Diaz Roberto Gomez , Castrejon Angel Soriano 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
AimTo assess the predictive and prognostic aim of interim and end-treatment 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT (FCH-PET/CT) and 99mTc-methilen diphosphonate bone scintigraphy (BS) in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and bone metastases (CRPC-BM) treated with Radium 223 dichloride (223Ra). Methods: Prospective and multicentre ChoPET-Rad study including 82 patients with CRPC-BM. Baseline, after 3 (interim) and 6 doses (end-treatment) BS and FCH PET/CT were performed in patients who meet the study criteria. Clinical variables, imaging and clinical progression were obtained and their association with progression free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) was studied. Agreement between BS and FCH PET/CT response was assessed using Kappa (K) analysis.Results:Median of PFS and OS was 3 and 16 months, respectively. Agreement between interim BS and FCH PET/CT was weak (K: 0.28; p=0.004). No agreement was observed between end-treatment diagnostic studiesInterim and end-treatment FCH PET/CT were related to PFS (p=0.011 and p<0.001, respectively). Therapeutic failure and interim BS and FCH PET/CT showed association with OS (p<0.001, p=0.037 and p=0.008, respectively).Conclusions: Interim and end-treatment FCH PET/CT were good predictors of biochemical progression in patients treated with 223Ra. Therapeutic failure and progression in interim BS or FCH PET/CT were adverse factors for OS.
Identification of critical genes and pathways related to venous thromboembolism in non-small cell lung cancer patients using integrated bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Han Sen , Luo Qibin , Ren Yi , Ma Xu , Fang Jian 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients have a significantly higher risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE). Although many driver mutations as well as some susceptibility loci for VTE have been identified in NSCLC, the critical genome atlas of NSCLC patients complicated with VTE and relevant molecular mechanisms are yet to be fully understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the critical genes and pathways related to VTE in NSCLC patients using integrated bioinformatics analysis.Results: RNA-Seq data of 1014 NSCLC samples were collected and analyzed systematically to identify the potential risk genes of NSCLC, while VTE risk genes were obtained from the associated study. The VTE risk genes with differential expression among NSCLC were further subjected to pathway enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analysis to determine the potential pathways associated with developing VTE in NSCLC patients. This study identified a total of 22 genes with differential expression in the NSCLC group, which can be defined as VTE risk genes based on previous studies. The PPI network analysis demonstrated that among the 22 encoded proteins, 21 including VWF, F2, F8, and four blood coagulation associated proteins were located in the central part of the network. The bioinformatics analysis further identified enriched pathways with statistical significance (P < 0.05), most of which were associated with blood coagulation.Conclusions: This study reveals that potential risk genes of NSCLC-associated VTE are enriched in blood coagulation associated pathways, suggesting a significant role of blood coagulation in VTE development of NSCLC patients.
Lymphoepithelial Cyst of the Pancreas: Can Common Imaging Features Help to Avoid Resesction?
Authors: Khristenko Ekaterina , Garcia Elena Esteban , Gaida Matthias M. , Hackert Thilo , Mayer Philipp , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Klauss Miriam 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background: Differentiation of cystic pancreatic neoplasms remains a challenging task for radiologists with main aim of characterizing malignant and premalignant conditions. Purpose: The study aimed to compare radiological features of lymphoepithelial cysts (LEC) with other cystic pancreatic lesions, which could help to differentiate them in order to avoid unnecessary resection and optimize surveillance.Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 12 cases of resected and histopathological confirmed LECs in last 12 years, for 10 patients imaging studies were available. 20 patients with mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN) and 20 patients with branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMN) were selected consecutively to serve as control groups. Imaging findings as well as clinical data were analyzed. Results: Three imaging subtypes of LEC were identified: simple cystic morphology (20%) and mixed cystic-solid lesions (80%) with either diffuse subsolid component (30%) or mural nodule (50%). All lesions revealed exophytic location with strong male predominance (9:1). MCNs were presented exclusively in middle-aged woman and IPMN in both sexes showing slight male predominance (13:7). Mean patient age in IPMN (70.5+7.7 years) was significantly higher compared to other groups (p<0.001 for LEC, p=0.005 for MCN). Unenhanced CT-attenuation of LEC was higher than MCNs (p=0.025) and IPMNs (p=0.021). Conclusion: The present study provides three imaging subtypes of LEC with key features for the differentiation from other cystic pancreatic lesions such as increased native attenuation, absence of connection to main pancreatic duct (MPD) and exophytic location. Clinical data, such as male predominance in LEC, is crucial in differentiating cystic pancreatic lesions.
α-amylase Immobilized Composite Cryogels: Some Studies on Kinetic and Adsorption Factors
Authors: Acet Ömür , İnanan Tülden , Acet Burcu Önal , Dikici Emrah , Odabaşı Mehmet 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Stability of enzymes is significant factor for their industrial feasibility. α–amylase is an important enzyme for some industries i.e., textile, food, paper and pharmaceutics.. Pumice particles (PPa) are non-toxic, natural, low-cost alternative adsorbents with high adsorption capacity. In this study, Cu2+ ions were attached onto pumice particles (Cu2+-APPa). Then, Cu2+-APPa embedded composite cryogel was synthesized (Cu2+-APPaC) via polymerization of gel-forming agents at minus temperatures. Characterization studies of the Cu2+-APPaC cryogel column was performed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer, Emmett, Teller (BET) apparatus. The experiments were carried out in a continuous column system. α–amylase was adsorbed onto Cu2+-APPaC cryogel with maximum amount of 858.7 mg/g particles at pH 4.0. Effects of pH and temperature on the activity profiles of the free and the immobilized α–amylase were investigated, and results indicate that immobilization did not alter the optimum pH and temperature values. kcat value of the immobilized α–amylase is higher than that of the free α–amylase while KM value increases by immobilization. Storage and operational stabilities of the free and the immobilized α–amylase were determined for 35 days and for 20 runs, respectively.
Remarkable Histopathological Improvement of Experimental Toxoplasmosis Treated with Spiramycin-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles
Authors: Allam Amal Farahat , Hagras Nancy , Farag Hoda , Osman Mervat , Shalaby Thanaa , Kazem Amani , Shehab Amel , Mogahed Nermine Hussein 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The present study investigated the anti-Toxoplasma effect of chitosan nanoparticles [CS NPs], spiramycin, spiramycin co-administered with metronidazole and spiramycin-CS NPs formulation on the parasite burden and histopathological changes in the liver, spleen and brain in experimentally infected mice. Seventy male Swiss albino mice were classified into seven equal groups: healthy control (I), infected untreated control (II), infected group receiving CS NPs (III), spiramycin administered infected group (IV), infected group receiving spiramycin-metronidazole (V), infected receiving 400 mg/kg spiramycin-CS NPs (VI) and infected treated with spiramycin-loaded CS NPs 100 mg/kg (VII). All groups were inoculated intraperitoneally with 2500 T. gondii tachyzoites RH strain except the healthy control group. All groups were sacrificed on the 8th day after infection. Density of the parasite and histopathological examination of the liver, spleen and brain of all treated mice revealed reduction in the mean tachyzoites count as well as decreased inflammation, congestion and necrosis within tissue sections. Spiramycin-loaded NPs displayed the highest significant reduction in the pathological insult tailed by spiramycin-metronidazole and CS NPs. In conclusion, spiramycin-loaded CS NPs showed a promising synergistic combination in the treatment of the histopathology caused by toxoplasmosis.
Amalgamation and Characterization of Copper Nanoparticles Alleviated With Stachytarpheta Cayennensis and Its Anti-cancer Activity in Both in Vitro and in Vivo Animal Model
Authors: Seshadri Vidya Devanathadesikan 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Melanoma is an extremely malignant skin cancer with a probability of metastasis and accountable for the mainstream skin associated mortality. In the present study, we described the novel usage of Stachytarpheta cayennensis mediated copper nanoparticles and its anti-cancer activity in both in vitro and in vivo model of skin cancer. The synthesis of Cu-NPs was confirmed using UV-absorbance peak values ranging from 325-345 nm. The size of the nanoparticles was around 90nm, as deduced by the dynamic light scattering study.Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) established that the morphology of the copper particles. Cytotoxicity of Cu-NPs of Stachytarpheta cayennensis illustrates the toxicity level of Stachytarpheta cayennensis. Also, the anti-cancer potential of Cu-NPs was evaluated in A375 cells. In experimental animals, body biochemical parameters like SOD, CAT, GSH were diminished in DMBA induced animals while Cu-NPs treatment raised the levels of the aforementioned enzymatic antioxidants compared to the control animals. Additionally, cytotoxicity assay, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cell adhesion analysis, and the estimation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the presence of Cu-NPs was evaluated by standard protocols. The present study's outcomes confirm the defensive and valuable effects of copper loaded Stachytarpheta cayennensis against DMBA induced skin melanoma, animal model.
Learning to design through character identification using a gamification learning app: Effects of learning quests on students’ design behaviours and performance
Authors: Pek Siok Ee , Koh Joyce Hwee Ling 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Character identification occurs when game players adopt the identities of game characters to different degrees. Character identification can enhance identity development and learning of young adolescents but how higher education students in professional programs develop character identification using a gamification learning mobile app and use it to support their learning of professional skills and development of professional identities have not been examined. This study describes the design of a character-based gamified learning quest to support the learning of design skills. Through 13 learning quests, 4 3 tertiary design and media students used the professional media roles and ‘power’ attributes of their chosen characters towards the design of an innovative media product. The study investigates the developed character identification for their professional. Content analysis of students’ video blog reflections indicated that more than half of them were able to establish deep identification with their chosen characters. Students who had deep identification enacted their character by actively ideating, prototyping and testing design ideas whereas those who had shallow or no identification largely focused on ideation. Regression analysis showed that deep character identification during design conceptualization predicted students’ design project scores. How the study findings can inform the practical applications of character-based gamification in higher education professional learning programs are discussed.
Genetic Polymorphisms of 3 Cases Pneumocystis jirovecii in Shanxi Province PR China
Authors: Xue Ting , Du Wei-Qin , Dai Wenjuan , Li Yishan , WANG Shu-Feng , Zhang Xinri 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background Pneumocystis jirovecii (P. jirovecii) is an opportunistic fungus and is a well-known cause of potentially fatal Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP). However, the epidemiology and biology of P. jirovecii is limited because of the lack of a continuous and reliable culture system in vitro. This study was performed with the objectives of investigating the genetic polymorphisms of P. jirovecii from 3 cases in Shanxi Province PR China with the utilizations of molecular biological technique.Methods Analysis of genetic polymorphisms in P. jirovecii including the internal transcribed spacer regions of rRNA operon (ITS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), cytochrome b (CYB) and the mitochondrial large-subunit rRNA (mt LSU rRNA) genes were performed by Nested-PCR amplification, TA clone, sequencing and genotyping. We assessed its correlation with clinical characteristics of patients with P. jirovecii pneumonia (PJP). Results Of three patients with PJP included in the present study, the genetic diversities and polymorphic combinations of SOD 1, DHFR 312C, DHPS WT, mt3 genotypes separately occurred in the two HIV-positive patients, while coinfections with two genotypes of P. jirovecii in the same patient without HIV were detected for different genetic loci including ITS, SOD, CYB and mt LSU rRNA in this study. The pulmonary concurrent infection with other pathogens was detected in this HIV-negative patient.Conclusions The present study is the first analyzed and assessed the genetic polymorphisms of 3 cases P. jirovecii in Shanxi province PR China suggesting that genetic diversities and concurrent infection with other pathogens were possibly associated with the clinical characteristics and outcomes in PJP patients especially those without HIV.Trial registration Not applicable.
Loneliness of residents in retirement homes during the Covid-19 crisis
Authors: Gallouj Karim , Haj Mohamad El 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
In their effort to prevent the spread of infections, retirement homes have been forced to limit physical interaction between residents and the outside world and to drastically reduce their residents’ activities, decisions which are likely to increase loneliness in residents. To investigate this issue, we evaluated loneliness in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) living in retirement homes in France during the Covid-19 crisis. The study included 63 participants with mild AD. Participants were invited to complete the following statement “During the social distancing, I feel” with one of the three options: not at all alone, somewhat alone, or very alone. Most of the participants answered “somewhat alone”, suggesting a significant level of loneliness during the crisis. While it serves to prevent infections, social distancing in retirement homes is likely to result in significant loneliness in residents. Because loneliness may increase cognitive decline in AD, it to pressing to prepare social programs/activities that promote contact between residents of retirement homes and the outside world as soon as the confinement is lifted.