bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stratospheric Gravity Waves as a Proxy for Hurricane Intensification: A Case Study of Weather Research and Forecast Simulation for Hurricane Joaquin
Authors: Wu Xue , Hoffmann Lars , Wright Corwin J. , Hindley Neil P. , Kalisch Silvio , Alexander M. Joan , Wang Yinan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe conducted simulations with a 4‐km resolution for Hurricane Joaquin in 2015 using the weather research and forecast (WRF) model. The model data are used to study stratospheric gravity waves (GWs) generated by the hurricane and how they correlate with hurricane intensity. The simulation results show spiral GWs propagating upward and anticlockwise away from the hurricane center. GWs with vertical wavelengths up to 14 km are generated. We find that GW activity is more frequent and intense during hurricane intensification than during weakening, particularly for the most intense GW activity. There are significant correlations between the change of stratospheric GW intensity and hurricane intensity. Therefore, the emergence of intensive stratospheric GW activity may be considered a useful proxy for identifying hurricane intensification.
Microstructural impacts on ionic conductivity of oxide solid electrolytes from a combined atomistic-mesoscale approach
Authors: Heo Tae Wook , Grieder Andrew , Wang Bo , Wood Marissa , Hsu Tim , Akhade Sneha A. , Wan Liwen F. , Chen Long-Qing , Adelstein Nicole , Wood Brandon C. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAlthough multiple oxide-based solid electrolyte materials with intrinsically high ionic conductivities have emerged, practical processing and synthesis routes introduce grain boundaries and other interfaces that can perturb primary conduction channels. To directly probe these effects, we demonstrate an efficient and general mesoscopic computational method capable of predicting effective ionic conductivity through a complex polycrystalline oxide-based solid electrolyte microstructure without relying on simplified equivalent circuit description. We parameterize the framework for Li7-xLa3Zr2O12 (LLZO) garnet solid electrolyte by combining synthetic microstructures from phase-field simulations with diffusivities from molecular dynamics simulations of ordered and disordered systems. Systematically designed simulations reveal an interdependence between atomistic and mesoscopic microstructural impacts on the effective ionic conductivity of polycrystalline LLZO, quantified by newly defined metrics that characterize the complex ionic transport mechanism. Our results provide fundamental understanding of the physical origins of the reported variability in ionic conductivities based on an extensive analysis of literature data, while simultaneously outlining practical design guidance for achieving desired ionic transport properties based on conditions for which sensitivity to microstructural features is highest. Additional implications of our results are discussed, including a possible connection between ion conduction behavior and dendrite formation.
Quantum communication with itinerant surface acoustic wave phonons
Authors: Dumur É. , Satzinger K. J. , Peairs G. A. , Chou M.-H. , Bienfait A. , Chang H.-S. , Conner C. R. , Grebel J. , Povey R. G. , Zhong Y. P. , Cleland A. N. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSurface acoustic waves are commonly used in classical electronics applications, and their use in quantum systems is beginning to be explored, as evidenced by recent experiments using acoustic Fabry–Pérot resonators. Here we explore their use for quantum communication, where we demonstrate a single-phonon surface acoustic wave transmission line, which links two physically separated qubit nodes. Each node comprises a microwave phonon transducer, an externally controlled superconducting variable coupler, and a superconducting qubit. Using this system, precisely shaped individual itinerant phonons are used to coherently transfer quantum information between the two physically distinct quantum nodes, enabling the high-fidelity node-to-node transfer of quantum states as well as the generation of a two-node Bell state. We further explore the dispersive interactions between an itinerant phonon emitted from one node and interacting with the superconducting qubit in the remote node. The observed interactions between the phonon and the remote qubit promise future quantum-optics-style experiments with itinerant phonons.
Electron-phonon decoupling in two dimensions
Authors: McArdle George , Lerner Igor V. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn order to observe many-body localisation in electronic systems, decoupling from the lattice phonons is required, which is possible only in out-of-equilibrium systems. We show that such an electron-phonon decoupling may happen in suspended films and it manifests itself via a bistability in the electron temperature. By studying the electron-phonon cooling rate in disordered, suspended films with two-dimensional phonons, we derive the conditions needed for such a bistability, which can be observed experimentally through hysteretic jumps of several orders of magnitude in the nonlinear current-voltage characteristics. We demonstrate that such a regime is achievable in systems with an Arrhenius form of the equilibrium conductivity, while practically unreachable in materials with Mott or Efros–Shklovskii hopping.
Evolution of a solid electrolyte interphase enabled by FeNX/C catalysts for sodium-ion storage
Authors: Xia Huicong , Zan Lingxing , Qu Gan , Tu Yunchuan , Dong Hongliang , Wei Yifan , Zhu Kaixin , Yu Yue , Hu Yongfeng , Deng Dehui , Zhang Jianan 
Published: December 2021

The reversible conversion reaction of a SEI was enabled by FeNX catalysts, which provided novel avenues for designing anode materials. Furthermore, a large number of spin-polarized electrons were stored in the already-reduced Fe species.
Hsa_circ_0076931 suppresses malignant biological properties, down-regulates miR-6760-3p through direct binding, and up-regulates CCBE1 in glioma
Authors: Ke Yanbin , Su Shixing , Duan Chuanzhi , Wang Yezhong , Cao Guobin , Fang Zelu , Tuo Yonghua , Li Wei , Wang Zhaotao , Zhang Shizhen 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe function of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in gliomas is as yet unknown. The present study explored role of hsa_circ_0076931 in glioma. circRNA expression profiles were identified via RNA-seq followed by qRT-PCR validation in three pairs of glioma and normal brain tissues (NBT). The function of hsa_circ_0076931 was investigated in vitro using cell lines as well as in vivo using a xenograft tumor. Hsa_circ_0076931 was up-regulated by overexpression and an mRNA profile compared with wild-type was identified by RNA-seq. The relationship between miR-6760-3p and hsa_circ_0076931 or CCBE1 was confirmed via luciferase reporter or AGO2-RIP assays. A total of 507 circRNAs were identified in glioma tissues that were differentially expressed compared with that in NBT, and the sequencing data were deposited in BioProject (ID: PRJNA746438). Hsa_circ_0007694 and hsa_circ_0008016 were memorably increased whereas hsa_circ_0076931 and hsa_circ_0076948 decreased in glioma compared with those in NBT. Additionally, hsa_circ_0076931 expression was negatively correlated with histological grade. Overexpression of hsa_circ_0076931 inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoting apoptosis of glioma cells. A total of 4383 and 537 aberrantly expressed genes were identified between the hsa_circ_0076931-overexpressed and control groups in H4 and U118-MG cells, respectively; the sequencing data were deposited in BioProject (ID: PRJNA746438). These differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in cancer-related pathways. In addition, elevated hsa_circ_0076931 levels induced the expression of CCBE1 while suppressing miR-6760-3p expression. miR-6760-3p can bind to hsa_circ_0076931. The experimental evidence supports using hsa_circ_0076931 as a marker for glioma and to help prevent malignant progression. The mechanism might be relevant to miR-6760-3p and CCBE1.
Warum sich in der Halswirbelsäule auch bei Osteoporose nur selten Insuffizienzfrakturen finden
Authors: Schröder Guido , Hiepe Laura , Moritz Mario , Vivell Laura-Marie , Schulze Marko , Martin Heiner , Götz Andreas , Andresen Julian Ramin , Kullen Claus-Maximilian , Andresen Reimer , Schober Hans-Christof 
Published: December 2021

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Mit zunehmendem Alter verändert sich die Struktur des Knochens. Für seine Festigkeit sind sowohl Material- als auch Struktureigenschaften von Bedeutung. Trotz des Alterns
der Gesellschaft liegen jedoch zu diesen Parametern für Menschen im Greisenalter kaum Daten vor. Deshalb werden im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit Spongiosazylinder von Halswirbelkörper III
bis Lendenwirbelkörper V aus den jeweiligen Zentren der Wirbelkörper im Hinblick auf Knochenvolumenanteil, Trabekeldicke, Separation, Anzahl der Trabekeln, Quervernetzung, Verbindungsdichte
und Grad der Anisotropie untersucht.
Material und Methoden Mittels einer Jamshidi-Nadel wurden aus 440 Kadaverwirbeln Proben gewonnen und unter Einsatz der Mikrocomputertomografie analysiert. Bestehende Deformitäten,
Frakturen und der Knochenmineralgehalt jedes Wirbels wurden in der quantitativen Computertomografie erfasst.
Ergebnisse Hinsichtlich der Mikrocomputertomografie-Parameter zeigten sich statistisch signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den verschiedenen Abschnitten der Wirbelsäule: Die Trabekeln
der Halswirbelsäule waren signifikant dicker und standen dichter beisammen als in der Brust- und der Lendenwirbelsäule. Der Knochenvolumenanteil war wie die Verbindungsdichte sowie die
Anzahl der Trabekeln und der Quervernetzungen in diesem Wirbelsäulenabschnitt signifikant höher. Darüber hinaus fiel der Grad der Anisotropie in der Halswirbelsäule signifikant geringer aus
als in den anderen Wirbelsäulenabschnitten. Bezüglich der quantitativen Computertomografie ergab sich in den Halswirbeln ein signifikant höherer Knochenmineralgehalt.
Schlussfolgerung Auch bei vorliegender Osteoporose brechen Halswirbelkörper aufgrund ihrer einzigartigen Mikroarchitektur und höheren Dichte deutlich später als Brust- und
Lendenwirbelkörper, eine Spezifität der Halswirbelsäule ist somit gegeben.
Does Clear Aligner Treatment Result in Different Patient Perceptions of Treatment Process and Outcomes Compared to Conventional/Traditional Fixed Appliance Treatment: A Literature Review
Authors: Ben Gassem Afnan A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study sought to systematically review the literature to determine whether clear aligner treatment results in different patient perceptions of treatment process and outcomes compared with conventional fixed appliance treatment. A systematic review was conducted to identify studies that examined differences in patient perceptions between clear aligners and conventional fixed appliance treatment. Studies were identified through searching relevant terms using PubMed and Embase. Following review of identified articles, key information about the studies including study design, setting, comparison groups, sample size/response rate, study location, primary outcomes, and statistical tests used were extracted. A total of 13 articles were identified that met the inclusion criteria for this study. These studies described a variety of outcomes which were divided into two broad categories: treatment process (pain, chewing, speech, daily routine, etc.) and treatment outcomes (satisfaction level, smile outcome perceptions, etc.). There was the strongest evidence that clear aligners had a positive impact with respect to treatment process compared with fixed orthodontic appliances. This study highlights that clear aligners may be effective for improving treatment-process-related outcomes among orthodontic patients. More studies need to be conducted to determine whether clear aligners have a beneficial impact with respect to treatment outcomes.
Utilizing the Potential of Antimicrobial Peptide LL-37 for Combating SARS-COV- 2 Viral Load in Saliva: an In Silico Analysis
Authors: Nireeksha Nireeksha , Gollapalli Pavan , Varma Sudhir Rama , Hegde Mithra N. , Kumari N. Suchetha 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLimiting the spread of virus during the recent pandemic outbreak was a major challenge. Viral loads in saliva, nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were the major cause for droplet transmission and aerosols. Saliva being the major contributor for the presence of viral load is the major key factor; various mouthwashes and their combination were analyzed and utilized in health care centers to hamper the spread of virus and decrease viral load. The compositions of these mouthwashes to an extent affected the viral load and thereby transmission, but there is always a scope for other protocols which may provide better results. Here we evaluated the potential of antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in decreasing the viral load of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through an in silico work and evidence from other studies. This narrative review highlighted a brief nonsystematic methodology to include the selected articles for discussion. Accessible electronic databases (Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, and PubMed) were used to find studies that reported the salivary viral load of SARS-CoV-2 published between December 2019 and June 2021. The following keywords were utilized for brief searching of the databases: “saliva,” “viral load,” and “SARS-CoV-2.” Articles in English language, in vitro cell-line studies, ex vivo studies, and clinical trials explaining the viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva and strategies to decrease viral load were included in this review. The search was complemented by manual searching of the reference lists of included articles and performing a citation search for any additional reviews. The antiviral potential of cationic host defense peptide LL-37 was evaluated using computational approaches providing in silico evidence. The analysis of docking studies and the display of positive interfacial hydrophobicity of LL-37 resulting in disruption of COVID-19 viral membrane elucidate the fact that LL-37 could be effective against all variants of SARS-CoV-2. Further experimental studies would be needed to confirm the binding of the receptor-binding domain with LL-37. The possibility of using it in many forms further to decrease the viral load by disrupting the viral membrane is seen.
Trauma-Induced Rupture of Liver Hydatid Cyst: A Rare Cause of Anaphylactic Shock
Authors: Khaled Charif , Kachi Antoine 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHydatid disease is rare; nevertheless, several areas of the world are endemic. Lebanon is one of the endemic countries. This disease requires careful management, as its diagnosis is tough, and its complications are severe and can lead to sudden death. These complications include fistulas, infection, and rupture. Rupture of a hydatid cyst can mimic acute abdomen and show an array of nonspecific symptoms. It could be mistaken for hemorrhagic shock, trauma, or injury to an intra-abdominal organ. The diagnosis of ruptured hydatid cyst should be kept in mind in cattle-raising countries. We report the case of a polytrauma patient who was suspected to have severe intra-abdominal bleeding and hemorrhagic shock, but imaging and laparotomy showed the rupture of a liver hydatid cyst that drove the patient into anaphylactic shock. This article reviews similar cases in the literature and discusses the diagnostic tools, appropriate management, and expected complications.
Response of an Afro-Palearctic bird migrant to glaciation cycles
Authors: Thorup Kasper , Pedersen Lykke , da Fonseca Rute R. , Naimi Babak , Nogués-Bravo David , Krapp Mario , Manica Andrea , Willemoes Mikkel , Sjöberg Sissel , Feng Shaohong , Chen Guangji , Rey-Iglesia Alba , Campos Paula F. , Beyer Robert , Araújo Miguel B. , Hansen Anders J. , Zhang Guojie , Tøttrup Anders P. , Rahbek Carsten 
Published: December 2021

SignificanceWe combine tracks of a long-distance migratory bird with high–temporal resolution climate data to reconstruct habitat availability month by month for the past 120,000 y. The seasonal changes of suitable habitat in the past imply that continued seasonal migration was necessary during the glacial maxima. Genomic-based estimates of effective population size indicate that more generally migratory lifestyles can be beneficially adapted to various climatic conditions. Our results provide a major step forward in understanding how migratory species will fare in the future and have important implications for how we understand the role of migration in the distribution of species and potentially speciation.
Sparse sampling and reconstruction for freeform surface based on low-rank matrix completion
Authors: Gu Kang , Chen Sheng , You Xiaoyu , Li Yifei , Cui Jianwei , Wang Yuhang , Liu Jian 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The coordinate measuring machine (CMM) becomes an extensive and effective method for high precision inspection of free-form surfaces due to its ability to measure complex and irregular surfaces. Sampling strategy and surface restoration method have an important influence on the efficiency and precision of CMM. In this paper, a sparse sampling strategy and surface reconstruction method for free-form surfaces based on low-rank matrix completion (LRMC) is proposed. In this method, the free-form surface is sampled randomly with uniform distribution in the cartesian coordinate system to obtain sparse sampling points, and then optimizes the scanning path to obtain the shortest path through all measurement points, and finally, the LRMC algorithm based on alternating root mean square prop was used to reconstruct the surface with high precision. The simulation and experimental results show that under the premise of ensuring accuracy, the number of sampling points is greatly reduced and the measurement efficiency is greatly improved.
Influence of ultrasonic agitation on the abrasive wear characteristics of Al-Cu/ 2 vol% Grp composite
Authors: Gupta Ramendra Kumar , Vashishtha Nitesh , Sapate S G , Udhayabanu V , Peshwe D R 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In the present study, the abrasive wear behavior of Al–4.4 wt% Cu composite reinforced with 2 vol% graphite particle (Grp) has been investigated. In the preparation of composite, Ultrasonic Treatment (UT) is provided in the composite melt for the uniform distribution of reinforcement particles. Two bond abrasive wear tests are conducted for composites treated with ultrasound and without UT and base alloy. The results of abrasive wear studies indicate that at 5 and 10 Newton (N) loads, the composite with UT has a higher coefficient of friction (COF) and wear resistance than that of the base alloy (Al–4.4 wt% Cu). Whereas, at 15 and 20 N load, the value of COF and wear resistance is lower for the composite. Two abrasive wear mechanisms micro-plowing and micro-cutting have been observed during the wear tests of base alloy and composites. The analysis of worn-out sample surfaces at higher load reveals that softened material layer due to localized elevation in temperature between two contact surfaces during wearing acts as a tribolayer in base alloy while in composites both softened material layer and graphite layer have worked together as tribolayer.
Electronic structure modulation of metal-free graphdiyne for acidic oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Zheng Zhiqiang , Xue Yurui , Gao Yaqi , Wang Zhongqiang , Zhao Shuya , Luan Xiaoyu , He Feng , Li Yuliang 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDeveloping high-performance metal-free electrocatalysts for acidic oxygen evolution reaction (AOER) is highly desirable but remains great challenge. Here we report a rationally substitutingsp-C strategy for the synthesis of methyl- and hydrogen-substituted graphdiyne (MGDY, HGDY) nanowires arrays as 3D porous flexible metal-free electrodes for AOER. Methyl group in MGDY with stronger electron-pushing effect makes electrons around the acetylenic carbon atoms more delocalized, resulting in more uneven distributed surface charge, and higher intrinsic catalytic activities for AOER than HGDY, with the smaller overpotential of 406 mV at 10 mA cm−2than HGDY and previously reported metal-free electrocatalysts. Our results reveal that the modulation of the electronic structure of GDY by selectively substitutingsp-C allows for facilitating charge transfer kinetics, improving adsorption of reaction intermediate, and thereby accelerating the sluggish kinetics of AOER. This work provides us an ideal opportunity for studying the exact hydrogen evolution reaction/oxygen evolution reaction mechanisms of metal-free carbon materials.
Design of a graphene oxide-BODIPY conjugate for glutathione depletion and photodynamic therapy
Authors: Reina Giacomo , Ruiz Amalia , Richichi Barbara , Biagiotti Giacomo , Giacomazzo Gina E , Jacquemin Lucas , Nishina Yuta , Ménard-Moyon Cécilia , Al-Jamal Wafa T , Bianco Alberto 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Boron dipyrromethene derivates (BODIPYs) are promising photosensitisers (PSs) for cancer treatment using photodynamic therapy (PDT). This study investigates the functionalisation of graphene oxide (GO) with a BODIPY derivate for glutathione (GSH) depletion and PDT. The functionalisation of GO with a 3,5-dichloro-8-(4-boronophenyl) BODIPY via a diol derivatisation with the phenyl boronic acid moiety at the meso position of the BODIPY core, allowed to preserve the intrinsic properties of GO. We demonstrated that both chlorine atoms were substituted by GSH in the presence of glutathione transferase (GST), inducing a relevant bathochromic shift in the absorption/emission features and thus generating the active PS. Ex vitro assessment using cell lysates containing cytoplasmatic GST revealed the intracellular catalytic mechanism for the nucleophilic substitution of the GO-BODIPY adduct with GSH. Confocal microscopy studies showed important differences in the cellular uptake of free BODIPY and GO-BODIPY and revealed the coexistence of GO-BODIPY, GO-BODIPY-GS, and GO-BODIPY-GS2 species inside vesicles and in the cytoplasm of the cells after 24 h of incubation. In vitro biocompatibility and safety of GO and GO-BODIPY were evaluated in 2D and 3D models of prostate adenocarcinoma cells (PC-3), where no toxicity was observed up to 100 µg ml−1 of GO/GO-BODIPY in all treated groups 24 h post-treatment (cell viability > 90%). Only a slight decrease to 80% at 100 µg ml−1 was observed after 48 h of incubation. We demonstrated the efficacy of a GO adduct containing an α-chlorine-substituted BODIPY for the simultaneous depletion of intracellular GSH and the photogeneration of reactive oxygen species using a halogen white light source (5.4 mW cm−2) with a maximum in the range of 500–800 nm, which significantly reduced cell viability (<50%) after irradiation. Our study provides a new vision on how to apply BODIPY derivates and potentiate the toxicity of PDT in prostate and other types of cancer.
A time-honoured technique goes underground to investigate root drought tolerance. A commentary on: ‘Root pressure–volume curve traits capture rootstock drought tolerance’
Authors: North Gretchen B 
Published: December 2021

This article comments on:M. K. Bartlett, G. Sinclair, G. Fontanesi, T. Knipfer, M. A. Walker and A. J. McElrone, Root pressure–volume curve traits capture rootstock drought tolerance, Annals of Botany, Volume 129, Issue 4, 1 April 2022, Pages 389–402 https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcab132