bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The kinocardiograph for assessment of changes in haemodynamic load in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Herkert Cyrille , Migeotte Pierre‐François , Hossein Amin , Spee Rudolph Ferdinand , Kemps Hareld Marijn Clemens 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAimsThe kinocardiograph (KCG) is an unobtrusive device, consisting of a chest sensor, which records local thoracic vibrations produced in result of cardiac contraction and ejection of blood into the great vessels [seismocardiography (SCG)], and a lower back sensor, which records micromovements of the body in reaction to blood flowing through the vasculature [ballistocardiography (BCG)]. SCG and BCG signals are translated to the integral of cardiac kinetic energy (iK) and cardiac maximum power (Pmax), which might be promising metrics for future telemonitoring purposes in heart failure (HF). As a first step of validation, this study aimed to determine whether iK and Pmax are responsive to exercise‐induced changes in the haemodynamic load of the heart in HF patients.Methods and resultsFifteen patients with stable HF with reduced ejection fraction performed a submaximal exercise protocol. KCG and cardiac ultrasound measurements were obtained both at rest and at submaximal exercise. BCG iK over the cardiac cycle (CC) increased significantly (0.0026 ± 0.0017 to 0.0052 ± 0.0061 mJ.s.; P = 0.01) during exercise, in contrast to a non‐significant increase in SCG iK CC. BCG Pmax CC increased significantly (0.92 ± 0.89 to 2.03 ± 1.95 mJ/s; P = 0.02), in contrast to a non‐significant increase in SCG Pmax CC. When analysing the systolic phase of the CC, similar patterns were found. Cardiac output (CO) ratio (i.e. CO exercise/CO rest) showed a moderate, significant correlation with BCG Pmax CC ratio (r = +0.65; P = 0.008) and with SCG Pmax CC ratio (r = +0.54; P = 0.04).ConclusionsiK and Pmax measured with the KCG, preferentially using BCG, are responsive to changes in the haemodynamic load of the heart in HF patients. The combination of the BCG and SCG sensor might be of added value to fully understand changes in haemodynamics and to discriminate between an HF patient and a healthy individual.
Temperature‐Induced Phase Transition in Cu4TiSe4
Authors: Koley Biplab , Lakshan Achintya , Jana Partha P. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe newly synthesized ultralow thermal conducting Cu4TiSe4 undergoes a temperature‐induced reversible structural phase transition at −92 °C. The room temperature structure exhibits cubic symmetry (space group P
3 m with lattice parameter a=5.6458(1) Å) and shows positional disorder in two Cu‐sites (4e and 1a Wyckoff sites). In this report, a structural study was carried out on the same sample by means of single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data (nitrogen‐cryostat) collected at 131 K. At this temperature, Cu4TiSe4 crystallizes in rhombohedral symmetry, space group R3 m, with a=7.9538(5) Å and c=19.4828(17) Å. The low temperature structure is fourfold twinned. In the low temperature phase, copper atoms at 9b and 3a Wyckoff sites (originally 4e and 1a Wyckoff sites in the room temperature structure) order partially in comparison to room temperature structure. This temperature induced phase transition induce slight increase of the thermal conductivity of the material.
Fluvial palaeohydrology in the 21st century and beyond
Authors: Baker Victor R. , Benito Gerardo , Brown Antony G. , Carling Paul A. , Enzel Yehouda , Greenbaum Noam , Herget Jürgen , Kale Vishwas S. , Latrubesse Edgardo M. , Macklin Mark G. , Nanson Gerald C. , Oguchi Takashi , Thorndycraft Varyl R. , Ben Dor Yoav , Zituni Rami 
Published: October 2021

AbstractProfessor Kenneth J. Gregory was a major contributor to fluvial palaeohydrological research. Beginning in the early 1980s, under his influence, rapid international growth of the discipline was accompanied by major advances in research methods and techniques. Current research emphases include applications of quantitative modelling and meta‐analysis; the correlation of fluvial events to other records, notably palaeolacustine records; and methods for application to diverse issues of river engineering and management. The international expansion and detailed analyses of fluvial palaeohydrology are exemplified by recent studies done in Fennoscandia, the Mediterranean region, India, Israel, Australia, Pacific humid island arcs, and South America. Future developments will involve expanded work with other academic disciplines, such as archaeology, as well as applications to practical problems arising from future climatic change and related environmental hazards, particularly extremes. Remote sensing and high‐resolution topography data and tools (e.g. LiDAR) will facilitate new discoveries of ancient exceptional flooding phenomena (megaflooding and superfloods) on Earth and on the palaeofluvial forms of Earth‐like planets. New opportunities will also arise from the increased use of machine learning and artificial intelligence for analyses of ‘big data’.
Right medial temporal lobe structures particularly impact early stages of affective picture processing
Authors: Mielke Malena , Reisch Lea Marie , Mehlmann Alexandra , Schindler Sebastian , Bien Christian G. , Kissler Johanna 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHuman vision prioritizes emotional stimuli. This is reflected in stronger electrocortical activation in response to emotional than neutral stimuli, measurable on the surface of the head. Feedback projections from brain structures deep within the medial temporal lobes (mTLs), in particular the amygdala, are thought to give rise to this phenomenon, although causal evidence is rare. Given the many pathways involved in visual processing, the influence of mTL structures could be restricted to specific time windows. Therefore, we delineate the temporal dynamics of the impact of right mTL structures on affective picture processing, investigating event‐related potentials (ERPs) in 19 patients (10 female) with right mTL resections and 19 individually matched healthy participants, while they viewed negative and neutral scenes. Groups differed significantly at early‐ and mid‐latency processing stages. Patients with right mTL resection, unlike controls, showed no (P1: 90–140 ms) or marginal (N1: 170–220 ms) emotion modulation. At mid‐latency (early posterior negativity: 220–370 ms), emotion modulation over the ipsi‐resectional right hemisphere was smaller in patients than in controls, but groups did not differ over the left hemisphere. During late parietal positivities (400–650 ms and 650–900 ms), both groups had similar emotion modulation. Our results demonstrate that right mTL structures attenuate particularly early processing of affectively negative scenes. This is theoretically consistent with an initial amygdala‐dependent feedforward sweep in visual emotion processing whose absence is successively compensated. Findings specify the impact of right mTL structures on emotional picture processing and highlight the value of time‐resolved measures in affective neuroscience.
Identification, subcellular localization, and functional comparison of novel Yap splicing isoforms in mouse embryonic stem cells
Authors: Xu Yixiao , Wang Xueyue , Yu Meng , Ruan Yan , Zhang Junlei , Tian Yanping , Xiong Jiaxiang , Liu Lianlian , Cheng Yuda , Yang Yi , Ren Bangqi , Chen Guangxing , Zhang Yue , Zhao Binyu , Wang Jiaqi , Wang Jiangjun , Jian Rui , Liu Yong , Wang Jiali 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHippo signaling pathway is involved in many biological processes including the fate decision of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Yes‐associated protein (Yap) function as a key effector of Hippo pathway, but its role in ESCs is still controversial. So far, only two isoforms of Yap have been identified and they have both overlapping and distinct functions. Here, we identify six novel isoforms of mouse Yap, bringing the total number of isoforms to eight. According to the differences in the first exon, they are divided into two subtypes (a and b). Isoform‐a and isoform‐b exhibit different subcellular localizations. Moreover, isoform‐a can fully reverse the impaired self‐renewal phenotype induced by Yap knockout (KO). Upon overexpression, isoform‐a moderately promotes mESCs self‐renewal and markedly delays differentiation. On the contrary, no significant pro‐self‐renewal phenotype is observed when isoform‐b overexpressed in wildtype (WT) mESCs or re‐expressed in Yap KO cell lines. These finding not only help to clarify the role of Yap in mESCs, but also lay the foundation for advancing functional researches of Yap in other processes.
Shareability of antibacterial and osteoblastic‐proliferation activities of zinc‐doped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in vitro
Authors: Okada Masanori , Oshita Mari , Kataoka Minami , Azuma Yoshinao , Furuzono Tsutomu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFour types of zinc (Zn)‐doped hydroxyapatite (Zn‐HAp) nanoparticles were prepared using calcium nitrate tetrahydrate as an anti‐sintering agent during calcination at 600°C for 1 hr, to prevent calcination‐induced aggregation. The Zn content of the nanopowders was determined at 0, 4.3, 9.2, and 14.7% [Zn/(Ca + Zn) × 100] using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopic analysis. Based on X‐ray diffraction analysis, the products were shown to possess an apatite structure without other crystalline impurities. The cell parameters of Zn‐HAp nanoparticles decreased with increasing of Zn content in the HAp structures. This tendency implies that Zn ions substituted for Ca sites in the HAp crystal lattices. To investigate the biological effects of Zn‐HAp nanoparticles, cell proliferation activity of MC3T3‐E1 osteoblasts and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli were evaluated in vitro. According to the results obtained, Zn‐HAp nanoparticles containing of 14.7% Zn ions was noticeable shown shareability of the conflicting activities at 0.1 mg/mL.
LncRNA NEAT1 aggravates lipopolysaccharide‐induced acute lung injury by regulating the miR‐98‐5p/TLR4 axis
Authors: Chen Jianhui , Liu Qun , Ding Zongli , Wang Yi , Zhou Liyang , Zheng Yulong , Wang Baolan , Li Gang 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAlthough long noncoding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) was reported to be associated with acute lung injury (ALI), its specific mechanism has not been well studied. Mouse and cell ALI models were constructed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cell viability was evaluated by 3‐(4,5)‐dimethylthiahiazo (‐z‐y1)‐3,5‐di‐ phenytetrazoliumromide assay. Cell death was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase release (LDH) detection kit and flow cytometry. The levels of cytokines in lung tissues lysates were detected by quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of apoptosis‐related markers was detected by Western blot. The relationship between NEAT1, miR‐98‐5p, and toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) was determined by bioinformatics prediction, luciferase reporter assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. Rescue experiments were performed to determine the role of NEAT1/miR‐98‐5p/TLR4 in ALI. NEAT1 was significantly upregulated during ALI both in vitro and in vivo. NEAT1 knockdown efficiently attenuated LPS‐induced ALI and reduced LPS‐induced elevation of cytokines both in vitro and in vivo. NEAT1 negatively regulated miR‐98‐5p by directly sponging it, and TLR4 was a target of miR‐98‐5p. MiR‐98‐5p inhibition or TLR4 overexpression could obviously attenuate the protective effects of NEAT1 knockdown in LPS‐treated A549 cells. Our study demonstrated that NEAT1 knockdown alleviated LPS‐induced ALI by targeting the miR‐98‐5p/TLR4 axis.
Differential regulation of miR‐21‐5p delays wound healing of melanocyte‐deprived vitiligo skin by modulating the expression of tumor‐suppressors PDCD4 and Maspin
Authors: Brahmbhatt Hemang D. , Gupta Rohit , Gupta Aayush , Rastogi Soumya , Subramani Dharshini , Mobeen Ahmed , Batra Vineeta V. , Singh Archana 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe loss of melanocytes in vitiligo is associated with architectural, transcriptional, and cellular perturbations of keratinocytes and manifests as a reduced proliferation potential in vitro and delayed re‐epithelialization in vivo. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying this delay, microRNA (miRNA) profiling was performed on split skin biopsies collected on Day 1 (basal level) and Day 14 (wound re‐epithelialization) from nonlesional (NL) and lesional (L) skin of five subjects with stable nonsegmental vitiligo and 129 miRNAs were found to be differentially regulated between the NL and L healed epidermis. miR‐21‐5p, expressed at comparable levels on NL and L Day 1 samples, demonstrated significant upregulation during re‐epithelialization. However, the extent of its upregulation was relatively lower in L (10 times compared to Day 1) as compared to NL skin (17 times compared to Day 1). The overexpression of miR‐21 in keratinocytes led to a significant increase in the expression of proliferation markers (Ki67 and MCM6 messenger RNA, Ki67 positivity), along with an increase in keratinocyte migration. Using a small interfering RNA mediated knockdown approach, we further demonstrated that miR‐21‐5p mediates its effects by suppressing the expression of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) and mammary serine protease inhibitor (Maspin), both tumor‐suppressor genes. Investigation of clinical samples corroborated the lower miR‐21 levels and a higher expression of PDCD4 and Maspin in L Day 14 compared to the NL Day 14 epidermis. In conclusion, this study revealed that a relatively lower upregulation of miR‐21‐5p in L skin leads to significantly higher levels of PDCD4 and Maspin, delaying wound re‐epithelialization by reducing the proliferation and migration of keratinocytes.
RIPK3‐mediated cell death is involved in DUX4‐mediated toxicity in facioscapulohumeral dystrophy
Authors: Mariot Virginie , Joubert Romain , Le Gall Laura , Sidlauskaite Eva , Hourde Christophe , Duddy William , Voit Thomas , Bencze Maximilien , Dumonceaux Julie 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundFacioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) is caused by mutations leading to the aberrant expression of the DUX4 transcription factor in muscles. DUX4 was proposed to induce cell death, but the involvement of different death pathways is still discussed. A possible pro‐apoptotic role of DUX4 was proposed, but as FSHD muscles are characterized by necrosis and inflammatory infiltrates, non‐apoptotic pathways may be also involved.MethodsWe explored DUX4‐mediated cell death by focusing on the role of one regulated necrosis pathway called necroptosis, which is regulated by RIPK3. We investigated the effect of necroptosis on cell death in vitro and in vivo experiments using RIPK3 inhibitors and a RIPK3‐deficient transgenic mouse model.ResultsWe showed in vitro that DUX4 expression causes a caspase‐independent and RIPK3‐mediated cell death in both myoblasts and myotubes. In vivo, RIPK3‐deficient animals present improved body and muscle weights, a reduction of the aberrant activation of the DUX4 network genes, and an improvement of muscle histology.ConclusionsThese results provide evidence for a role of RIPK3 in DUX4‐mediated cell death and open new avenues of research.
Familial liability to asthma and ADHD: A Swedish national register‐based study
Authors: Sun Shihua , Kuja‐Halkola Ralf , Chang Zheng , Cortese Samuele , Almqvist Catarina , Larsson Henrik 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundStudies have reported significant associations between asthma and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but whether the association is due to shared etiology such as shared genetic risk factors remains unclear. We aimed to investigate patterns of familial co‐aggregation of asthma and ADHD and also to quantify the relative contribution of genetic and environmental influences.MethodsThrough Swedish register linkages, we obtained a cohort of 927,956 individuals born 1992–2001 and identified monozygotic twins (MZ), dizygotic twins (DZ), full‐ and half‐siblings, and full‐ and half‐cousins. Clinical diagnosis of asthma and ADHD were identified from the Swedish national registers. We used logistic regressions to investigate the within‐individual association and familial co‐aggregation between asthma and ADHD. We then used bivariate twin modeling to quantify the genetic and environmental correlations and their contributions to the familial liability.ResultsIndividuals with asthma had significantly higher risk of ADHD (odds ratio [OR], 1.50; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.47–1.54). Relatives of individuals with asthma had an increased risk of ADHD compared to relatives of individuals without asthma; in familial co‐aggregation analysis, the association was strongest in MZ twins (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 0.99–2.84) and attenuated with degree of genetic relatedness. In the twin modeling, the phenotypic and genetic correlations between asthma and ADHD estimated from the ACE model were 0.09 (95% CI, 0.05–0.14) and 0.12 (95% CI, 0.02–0.21), respectively. The bivariate heritability was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.30–1.46). Estimates for contributions from shared and non‐shared environment factors were not statistically significant.ConclusionsAsthma and ADHD co‐aggregate in families primarily due to shared genetic risk factors. Within‐individual and family history of either disorder should prompt clinical assessment of the other condition. Future studies should further investigate genetic variants underlying the co‐occurrence of ADHD and asthma.
A systematic review of the United Kingdom's contact child sexual exploitation perpetrator literature: Pointing a way forward for future research and practice
Authors: Mooney Vicky 
Published: October 2021

AbstractUntil recently, empirical evidence exploring Child Sexual Exploitation (CSE) has been scarce, particularly in relation to contact exploitation, where the convicted perpetrator seeks direct physical (offline) contact as opposed to solely targeting the victim online. This article presents a systematic review of the UK'scontactCSE perpetrator literature, searching from 2009 to the present day to ensure that studies encompass the categorisations detailed within the CSE statutory definitions. Twenty‐three research articles were appraised using a Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). A narrative synthesis approach was used to synthesise the findings from qualitative and mixed methods studies identifying four significant analytical themes including (a)barriers to examining a complex phenomenon, (b)recognising the contact CSE perpetrator, (c)understanding the contact CSE perpetrator and (d) responding to the contact CSE perpetrator. This review synthesises evidence in a singular study, ideal for policy‐makers and stakeholders to provide a more comprehensive safeguarding response, guide future research directions, and provide suggestions for law enforcement disruption strategies within the United Kingdom. Recommendations for policy, practice, procedure and training include improving the recording of data, re‐categorising CSE as CSA, targeting harmful sexual behaviour and group offending, and designing evidenced based perpetrator treatment programmes. Future research centring on the perpetrator's adverse experiences and the strategies used to instigate sexual contact could advance understanding of how these crimes could be prevented.
Sex and context differences in the effects of trauma on comorbid alcohol use and post‐traumatic stress phenotypes in actively drinking rats
Authors: Kirson Dean , Steinman Michael Q. , Wolfe Sarah A. , Spierling Bagsic Samantha R. , Bajo Michal , Sureshchandra Suhas , Oleata Christopher S. , Messaoudi Ilhem , Zorrilla Eric P. , Roberto Marisa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAlcohol use disorder (AUD) and affective disorders are frequently comorbid and share underlying mechanisms that could be targets for comprehensive treatment. Post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has high comorbidity with AUD, but comprehensive models of this overlap are nascent. We recently characterized a model of comorbid AUD and PTSD‐like symptoms, wherein stressed rats receive an inhibitory avoidance (IA)‐related footshock on two occasions followed by two‐bottle choice (2BC) voluntary alcohol drinking. Stressed rats received the second footshock in a familiar (FAM, same IA box as the first footshock) or novel context (NOV, single‐chambered apparatus); the FAM paradigm more effectively increased alcohol drinking in males and the NOV paradigm in females. During abstinence, stressed males displayed avoidance‐like PTSD symptoms, and females showed hyperarousal‐like PTSD symptoms. Rats in the model had altered spontaneous action potential‐independent GABAergic transmission in the central amygdala (CeA), a brain region key in alcohol dependence and stress‐related signaling. However, PTSD sufferers may have alcohol experience prior to their trauma. Here, we therefore modified our AUD/PTSD comorbidity model to provide 3 weeks of intermittent extended alcohol access before footshock and then studied the effects of NOV and FAM stress on drinking and PTSD phenotypes. NOV stress suppressed the escalation of alcohol intake and preference seen in male controls, but no stress effects were seen on drinking in females. Additionally, NOV males had decreased action potential‐independent presynaptic GABA release and delayed postsynaptic GABAA receptor kinetics in the CeA compared to control and FAM males. Despite these changes to alcohol intake and CeA GABA signaling, stressed rats showed broadly similar anxiogenic‐like behaviors to our previous comorbid model, suggesting decoupling of the PTSD symptoms from the AUD vulnerability for some of these animals. The collective results show the importance of alcohol history and trauma context in vulnerability to comorbid AUD/PTSD‐like symptoms.
Role of abscisic acid in modulating drought acclimation, agronomic characteristics and β‐N‐oxalyl‐L‐α,β‐diaminopropionic acid (β‐ODAP) accumulation in grass pea (Lathyrus sativusL.)
Authors: Kong Hai‐Yan , Zhu Hao , Zhou Rui , Akram Nudrat A , Wang Yi‐Bo , Jiao Cheng‐Jing , Xiong You‐Cai 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDβ‐N‐oxalyl‐l‐α,β‐diaminopropionic acid (β‐ODAP) is a physiological indicator in response to drying soil. However, how abscisic acid (ABA) modulates β‐ODAP accumulation and its related agronomic characteristics in drought stressed grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) continue to be unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of ABA addition on drought tolerance, agronomic characteristics and β‐ODAP content in grass pea under drought stress.RESULTSExogenous ABA significantly promoted ABA levels by 19.3% and 18.3% under moderate and severe drought stress, respectively, compared to CK (without ABA, used as control check treatment). ABA addition activated earlier trigger of non‐hydraulic root‐sourced signal at 69.1% field capacity (FC) (65.5% FC in CK) and accordingly prolonged its operation period to 45.6% FC (49.0% FC in CK). This phenomenon was mechanically associated with the physiological mediation of ABA, where its addition significantly promoted the activities of leaf superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase enzymes and the biosynthesis of leaf proline, simultaneously lowering the accumulation of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide under moderate and severe stresses. Interestingly, ABA application significantly increased seed β‐ODAP content by 21.7% and 21.3% under moderate and severe drought stress, but did not change leaf β‐ODAP content. Furthermore, ABA application produced similar shoot biomass and grain yield as control groups.CONCLUSIONExogenous ABA improved the drought adaptability of grass pea and promoted the synthesis of β‐ODAP in seeds but not in leaves. Our findings provide novel insights into the agronomic role of ABA in relation to β‐ODAP enrichment in grass pea subjected to drought stress. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.