bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A customisable pipeline for the semi-automated discovery of online activists and social campaigns on Twitter
Authors: Primo Flavio , Romanovsky Alexander , de Mello Rafael , Garcia Alessandro , Missier Paolo 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSubstantial research is available on detectinginfluencerson social media platforms. In contrast, comparatively few studies exists on the role ofonline activists, defined informally as users who actively participate in socially-minded online campaigns. Automatically discovering activists who can potentially be approached by organisations that promote social campaigns is important, but not easy, as they are typically active only locally, and, unlike influencers, they are not central to large social media networks. We make the hypothesis that such interesting users can be found on Twitter within temporally and spatially localisedcontexts. We define these as small but topical fragments of the network, containing interactions about social events or campaigns with a significant online footprint. To explore this hypothesis, we have designed an iterative discovery pipeline consisting of two alternating phases of user discovery and context discovery. Multiple iterations of the pipeline result in a growing dataset of user profiles for activists, as well as growing set of online social contexts. This mode of exploration differs significantly from prior techniques that focus on influencers, and presents unique challenges because of the weak online signal available to detect activists. The paper describes the design and implementation of the pipeline as a customisable software framework, where user-defined operational definitions of online activism can be explored. We present an empirical evaluation on two extensive case studies, one concerning healthcare-related campaigns in the UK during 2018, the other related to online activism in Italy during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on referral characteristics in a national tertiary spinal injuries unit
Authors: O’Halloran Louis , Ahern Daniel P. , McDonnell Jake M. , Cunniffe Gráinne M. , Dodds Michael K. , Lyons Frank , Cassidy Noelle , Timlin Marcus , Morris Seamus , Synnott Keith , Butler Joseph S. 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had profound implications on healthcare institutions.

Aims
This study aims to assess and compare referral patterns during COVID-19 to corresponding dates for the preceding 3 years (2017–2019), in order to preemptively coordinate the logistics of the surgical unit for similar future experiences.

Methods
Retrospective review for our institution, a national tertiary referral centre for spine pathology. Two distinct time-points were chosen to represent the varied levels of social restriction during the current pandemic: (i) study period 1 (SP1) from 11 November 2020 to 08 June 2020 represents a national lockdown, and (ii) study period 2 (SP2) from 09 June 2020 to 09 September 2020 indicates an easing of restrictions. Both periods were compared to corresponding dates (CP1: 11 March–08 June and CP2 09 June–09 September) for the preceding 3 years (2017–2019). Data collected included age, gender, and mechanism of injury (MOI) for descriptive analyses. MOIs were categorised into disc disease, cyclist, road-traffic-accident (RTA), falls < 2 m, falls > 2 m, malignancy, sporting injuries, and miscellaneous.

Results
All MOI categories witnessed a reduction in referral numbers during SP1: disc disease (−29%), cyclist (−5%), RTAs (−66%), falls < 2 m (−39%), falls > 2 m (−17%), malignancy (−33%), sporting injuries (−100%), and miscellaneous (−58%). Four of 8 categories (RTAs, falls < 2 m, malignancy, miscellaneous) showed a trend towards return of pre-lockdown values during SP2. Two categories (disc disease, falls > 2 m) showed a further reduction (−34%, −27%) during SP2. One category (sporting injuries) portrayed a complete return to normal values during SP2 while a notable increase in cyclist-related referrals was witnessed (+ 63%) when compared with corresponding dates of previous years.

Conclusion
Spinal injury continues to occur across almost all categories, albeit at considerably reduced numbers. RTAs and falls remained the most common MOI. Awareness needs to be drawn to the reduction of malignancy-related referrals to dissuade people with such symptoms from avoiding presentation to hospital over periods of social restrictions.
Facial speech processing in children with and without dyslexia
Authors: Galazka Martyna A. , Hadjikhani Nouchine , Sundqvist Maria , Åsberg Johnels Jakob 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWhat role does the presence of facial speech play for children with dyslexia? Current literature proposes two distinctive claims. One claim states that children with dyslexia make less use of visual information from the mouth during speech processing due to a deficit in recruitment of audiovisual areas. An opposing claim suggests that children with dyslexia are in fact reliant on such information in order to compensate for auditory/phonological impairments. The current paper aims at directly testing these contrasting hypotheses (here referred to as “mouth insensitivity” versus “mouth reliance”) in school-age children with and without dyslexia, matched on age and listening comprehension. Using eye tracking, in Study 1, we examined how children look at the mouth across conditions varying in speech processing demands. The results did not indicate significant group differences in looking at the mouth. However, correlation analyses suggest potentially important distinctions within the dyslexia group: those children with dyslexia who are better readers attended more to the mouth while presented with a person’s face in a phonologically demanding condition. In Study 2, we examined whether the presence of facial speech cues is functionally beneficial when a child is encoding written words. The results indicated lack of overall group differences on the task, although those with less severe reading problems in the dyslexia group were more accurate when reading words that were presented with articulatory facial speech cues. Collectively, our results suggest that children with dyslexia differ in their “mouth reliance” versus “mouth insensitivity,” a profile that seems to be related to the severity of their reading problems.
Biology, geometry and information
Authors: Jost Jürgen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe main thesis developed in this article is that the key feature of biological life is the a biological process can control and regulate other processes, and it maintains that ability over time. This control can happen hierarchically and/or reciprocally, and it takes place in three-dimensional space. This implies that the information that a biological process has to utilize is only about the control, but not about the content of those processes. Those other processes can be vastly more complex that the controlling process itself, and in fact necessarily so. In particular, each biological process draws upon the complexity of its environment.
Does visual saliency affect decision-making?
Authors: Milutinović Goran , Ahonen-Jonnarth Ulla , Seipel Stefan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractIn the present study, we explore potential effects of visual saliency on decision quality in context of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM). We compare two visualization techniques: parallel coordinates (PC) and scatterplot matrices (SPM). We investigate the impact of saliency facilitated by means of either color or size. The saliency and visualization techniques were factors in our analysis, and effects were evaluated in terms of decision quality, attention, time on task, and confidence. Results show that the quality of choice and attention were comparable for all saliency conditions when SPM was used. For PC, we found a positive effect of color saliency both on the quality of choice and on attention. Different forms of saliency led to varying times on task in both PC and SPM; however, those variations were not significant. A comparison of PC and SPM shows, users spent less time on the task, obtained better decision quality, and were more confident with their decision when using PC. To summarize, our findings suggest that saliency can increase attention and decision quality in MCDM for certain visualization techniques and forms of saliency. Another contribution of this work is the novel suggestion of the method to elicit of users’ preferences; its potential benefits are discussed in the end of the paper.Graphic abstract
Floods as shapers of Dutch cultural identity: media, theories and practices
Authors: Jensen Lotte 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThis article offers a theoretical framework which can be used to study processes of national identity formation through the lens of nature-induced disasters, such as floods. Firstly, it discusses the current state of affairs in historical disaster studies and shows how this field may be enriched by adapting the concept of the ‘imagined community’ developed in nationalism studies. It furthermore combines insights and concepts from literary studies, cultural studies and memory studies. Secondly, it applies this framework to Dutch history, by discussing the role of flood narratives in shaping a national identity. Studying the Dutch representations of flood disasters illustrates how the nation’s identity was shaped by the cultural media that communicated these events. They made use of a recurrent set of tropes, which linked the emergence of national identity to the capacity for coping with floods. This was articulated in a narrative framework, which consisted of standard ingredients, such as the such as the highlighting of horrific events, miraculous rescues, and God’s providence. Furthermore, authors foregrounded the involvement of Dutch kings and queens during flood disasters, and framed of the Dutch as being charitable by nature. The analysis of a wide range of media (stories, poems, treatises) shows how processes of national identity formation were shaped in cultural discourses in the aftermath of disasters, a process that is still going on.
The experimental verification of the multi-fuel IC engine concept with the use of jet propellant-8 (JP-8) and its blends with pure rapeseed oil
Authors: Pawlak Grzegorz , Płochocki Patryk , Simiński Przemysław , Skrzek Tomasz 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe paper presents some research results to recognize the possibility of realization of the idea of a multi-fuel IC engine. Future construction is planned as a flexible solution for military or special purpose transport means and emergency power generation. The proposed engine would utilize compression ignition mode for combustion of high reactive fuels (JP-8, diesel oil, etc.) or spark ignition mode for gasoline or other low reactive fuels. Practical implementation of the idea requires that highly reactive fuels be burned efficiently at a low compression ratio suitable for both engine modes. For the test diesel oil, JP-8 and its blends with pure rapeseed oil were chosen as easily accessible fuels. The experiment was carried out on naturally aspirated and supercharged AVL research engine with a common rail system and compression ratio CR = 12. The elaborated, unified injection strategy that synchronized the main dose injection timing with the start of the second stage of homogeneous mixture combustion was checked in practice. The proposed injection strategy applied for CI engine with the low compression ratio enabled efficient combustion and comparable, relatively high engine performance for all tested fuels.
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing in Child and Adolescent Psychology: a Narrative Review
Authors: Civilotti Cristina , Margola Davide , Zaccagnino Maria , Cussino Martina , Callerame Chiara , Vicini Alessia , Fernandez Isabel 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPurpose of reviewEye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy is recognized as an excellent approach to the treatment of trauma in clinical and academic contexts by several national and international organizations. The purpose of this work is to summarize the results of research on EMDR therapy with children and adolescents in various contexts through a narrative review of the scientific literature.Recent findingsSelected studies were clustered in several clinical domains: (1) EMDR and trauma (T), (2) EMDR and violence, (3) EMDR and physical illnesses, and (4) EMDR and psychological problems. Our research indicates how the effectiveness of EMDR therapy within the context of child and adolescent psychology has been widely established in literature. One of the advantages of the use of EMDR therapy with children and adolescents is its flexibility, which allows it to be adapted for various age ranges, situations, and cultures.SummaryEMDR therapy is a structured psychotherapeutic method that facilitates the treatment of several psychopathologies and problems related to both traumatic events and more common experiences that are emotionally stressful for children and adolescents, although new studies are necessary to increase its validity.
Influence of age on postural control during dual task: a centre of pressure motion and electromyographic analysis
Authors: Roma Enrico , Gobbo Stefano , Bullo Valentina , Spolaor Fabiola , Sawacha Zimi , Duregon Federica , Bianchini Gioia , Doria Eleonora , Alberton Cristine Lima , Bocalini Danilo Sales , Cugusi Lucia , Di Blasio Andrea , Ermolao Andrea , Bergamin Marco 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Dual task influences postural control. A cognitive task seems to reduce muscle excitation during a postural balance, especially in older adults (OA).

Aim
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of three cognitive tasks on muscle excitation and static postural control in OA and young adults (YA) in an upright posture maintenance task.

Methods
31 YA and 30 OA were evaluated while performing a modified Romberg Test in five different conditions over a force plate: open eyes, closed eyes, spatial-memory brooks’ test, counting backwards aloud test and mental arithmetic task. The surface electromyographic signals of Tibialis anterior (TA), Lateral Gastrocnemius (GL), Peroneus Longus (PL), and Erector Spinae (ES) was acquired with an 8-channel surface electromyographic system. The following variables were computed for both the electromyographic analysis and the posturographic assessment: Root mean square (RMS), centre of pressure (CoP) excursion (Path) and velocity, sway area, RMS of the CoP Path and 50%, 95% of the power frequency. Mixed ANOVA was used to detect differences with group membership as factor between and type of task as within. The analysis was performed on the differences between each condition from OE.

Results
An interaction effect was found for Log (logarithmic) Sway Area. A main effect for task emerged on all posturographic variables except Log 95% frequencies and for Log PL and ES RMS. A main effect for group was never detected.

Discussion and conclusion
This study indicates a facilitating effect of mental secondary task on posturographic variables. Non-silent secondary task causes increase in ES and TA muscle activation and a worsening in static postural control performance.
Diffuse Cortical Dysplasia in the Donor of Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome Following Fetoscopic Laser Photocoagulation: A Case Report
Authors: Miyana Kaori , Hayakawa Itaru , Muromoto Jin , Ayumi Matsumoto , Muramatsu Kazuhiro , Kubota Masaya 
Published: June 2021

AbstractTwin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a severe gestational complication due to an imbalance of blood flow between monochorionic diamniotic twins. TTTS can cause brain damage, most commonly ischemic lesions, but there are only a few reports of cortical dysplasia. We report the case of a TTTS donor twin with diffuse cortical dysplasia. Fetoscopic laser photocoagulation was performed at 18 weeks of gestation, and no abnormalities were noted in the subsequent course of the pregnancy; however, infantile spasms developed at 4 months after birth, and brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed diffuse cortical dysplasia. It was bilateral and widespread. A genetic abnormality was suspected, but no pathogenic mutation was detected. Hypoperfusion may have altered the expression of guidance factors, resulting in abnormal cortical formation.
Multifetal Pregnancy Reduction in Quadruplets: Perinatal Outcome—Analysis of 20 Consecutive Cases
Authors: Dasgupta Sujoy , Mukherjee Kanchan , Ghosh Kusagradhi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractHigh order multiple pregnancy (HOMP) is defined as presence of three or more fetuses in utero. These pregnancies are often met with increased maternal and perinatal complications. The incidence of HOMP has been rising considerably with increasing usage of assisted reproductive techniques (ART). Multifetal pregnancy reduction (MFPR) is a standard procedure aimed to minimise maternal–fetal complications by converting high order multiples into twins or singletons. While the procedure has been well researched in triplets, literature is sparse for quadruplets. This is a case series of 20 consecutive cases of MFPR followed up till delivery. All procedures were performed between 11 and 14 weeks of gestation (mean 11.9+/- 0.94) in a dedicated fetal medicine unit by a single operator through transabdominal route. The primary outcome measure was to assess procedure related miscarriage. The study also looked at neonatal outcomes at delivery and various maternal complications like antepartum hemorrhage (APH) and prelabour premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). There was no pregnancy loss before 24 weeks but the rate of preterm delivery was very high (90%). Only two out of 20 women were delivered after 37 weeks. All (100%) ended in live births. There were two cases of neonatal deaths where one twin died from each pair. The mean birthweight (+/- SD) was 1754.75 (+/- 514.75) g (range 700–2600 g). Quadruplet pregnancies can happen with fertility treatment. Transabdominal MFPR in the first trimester is a safe procedure for quadruplets.
Securing Participant Engagement in Longitudinal Substance Use Disorder Recovery Research: A Qualitative Exploration of Key Retention Factors
Authors: Svendsen Thomas Solgaard , Veseth Marius , McKay James R. , Bjornestad Jone , Erga Aleksander Hagen , Moltu Christian , Nesvåg Sverre 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The longitudinal cohort study is the gold standard in observational epidemiology. A central challenge with this design is the risk of attrition over time, especially in studies of inaccessible clinical populations, such as individuals with substance use disorder (SUD). Research on individuals who have achieved stable substance use abstinence and functional recovery is scarce. 30 participants from a longitudinal cohort study (the Stayer study), were interviewed concerning their experiences of participation over several years to explore retention factors. Interviewers with first-hand experience of recovery from SUD conducted the interviews. Data were analyzed using a thematic analytic approach within an interpretative–phenomenological framework. The analyses yielded the following themes: (1) Individuals’ substance use: adaptation to slips and relapses in treatment and research, (2) “Show that you care”: Developing working relationships in research with study participants by negotiating expectations flexibly, and (3) “You don’t just make dropouts”: A long-term focus on study participation and treatment can increase retention. Several factors were perceived as relevant to participation in a long-term follow-up study with diverse recovery routes, including working research relationships and explicit contracts allowing follow-up participation, even during periods of drug use. Longitudinal studies could benefit from including such factors in the tracking procedures in addition to more traditional tracking techniques. Clinical services could benefit from developing interventions that use knowledge of long-term recovery processes as non-linear, heterogeneous trajectories, and proactive approaches to motivate recovery.
Don’t Jump on the Bandwagon: Negative Effects of Sharewashing
Authors: Lehr Adrian , Büttgen Marion , Bartsch Silke 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAccess-based service usage, or simply “sharing”, is an emerging consumption trend many companies pursue. As various firms seek to exploit this trend, however, consumers might not perceive these companies’ services to be adequate, especially if they misleadingly present traditional marketplace exchanges (e.g., car renting) as sharing. This paper explores potential consequences of such forms of deceptive communication. Drawing on the concept of greenwashing and on consumer skepticism research, we introduce the concept of sharewashing, which we define as misleading communication that erroneously asserts a firm’s offer as part of the sharing economy. To identify the underlying mechanism as well as the consequences of these deceptive practices, this research refers to three experimental studies. The results reveal negative effects of sharewashing on subsequent usage intentions, compared to both sharing and renting offers. Consumer skepticism mediates the effect between the type of offering and usage intention when a sharing offer is compared to a sharewashing offer, and it leads to lower perceived attractiveness and decreasing recipients’ information seeking tendencies regarding the sharewashing offer. However, this mechanism does not hold true if a rental offer is compared to a sharewashing offer, which indicates a different underlying mechanism. From the findings we derive several implications for companies and propose future research directions.
Chronic restraint stress induces changes in the cerebral Galpha 12/13 and Rho-GTPase signaling network
Authors: Rafa-Zabłocka Katarzyna , Zelek-Molik Agnieszka , Tepper Beata , Chmielarz Piotr , Kreiner Grzegorz , Wilczkowski Michał , Nalepa Irena 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background
Evidence indicates that Gα12, Gα13, and its downstream effectors, RhoA and Rac1, regulate neuronal morphology affected by stress. This study was aimed at investigating whether repeated stress influences the expression of proteins related to the Gα12/13 intracellular signaling pathway in selected brain regions sensitive to the effects of stress. Furthermore, the therapeutic impact of β(1)adrenergic receptors (β1AR) blockade was assessed.

Methods
Restraint stress (RS) model in mice (2 h/14 days) was used to assess prolonged stress effects on the mRNA expression of Gα12, Gα13, RhoA, Rac1 in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HIP) and amygdala (AMY). In a separate study, applying RS model in rats (3–4 h/1 day or 14 days), we evaluated stress effects on the expression of Gα12, Gα11, Gαq, RhoA, RhoB, RhoC, Rac1/2/3 in the HIP. Betaxolol (BET), a selective β1AR antagonist, was introduced (5 mg/kg/p.o./8–14 days) in the rat RS model to assess the role of β1AR in stress effects. RT-qPCR and Western Blot were used for mRNA and protein assessments, respectively.

Results
Chronic RS decreased mRNA expression of Gα12 and increased mRNA for Rac1 in the PFC of mice. In the mice AMY, decreased mRNA expression of Gα12, Gα13 and RhoA was observed. Fourteen days of RS exposure increased RhoA protein level in the rats’ HIP in the manner dependent on β1AR activity.

Conclusions
Together, these results suggest that repeated RS affects the expression of genes and proteins known to be engaged in neural plasticity, providing potential targets for further studies aimed at unraveling the molecular mechanisms of stress-related neuropsychiatric diseases.