bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exhausted due to the pandemic: Validation of Coronavirus Stress Measure and COVID-19 Burnout Scale in a Polish sample
Authors: Moroń Marcin , Yildirim Murat , Jach Łukasz , Nowakowska Justyna , Atlas Karina 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis study validated Polish versions of the Coronavirus Stress Measure (CSM) and the COVID-19 Burnout Scale (COVID-19-BS) to measure stress and burnout associated with COVID-19. Participants were 431 Polish young adults (72.6% female; Meanage = 26.61 ± 12.63). Confirmatory factor analysis verified a one-factor solution for both the CSM and the COVID-19-BS. Both scales had high internal consistency reliability. Coronavirus stress and COVID-19 burnout were positively related to depression, anxiety, and stress and negatively related to resilience. The coronavirus stress and COVID-19 burnout were correlated with elevated levels of depression, anxiety, and stress over and beyond resilience, age, and gender. Findings suggest that the Polish versions of the CSM and the COVID-19-BS are valid scales to measure stress and burnout related to COVID-19. Findings also demonstrated that the coronavirus stress and COVID-19 burnout experienced during the later stages of the pandemic might be a permanent risk factor for mental health problems.
First isolation of Arcanobacterium pinnipediorum from a grey seal pup (Halichoerus grypus) in the UK
Authors: Alssahen Mazen , Foster Geoffrey , Hassan Abdulwahed Ahmed , Rau Jörg , Lämmler Christoph , Prenger-Berninghoff Ellen , Eisenberg Tobias , Robinson Mathew , Abdulmawjood Amir 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn the present study, a single Arcanobacterium (A.) pinnipediorum strain isolated from discharge of a jaw swelling of a grey seal pup (Halichoerus grypus) in England, UK, was identified. This strain was further characterized by phenotypical investigations, by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and genotypically by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene and the genes gap encoding glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, tuf encoding elongation factor tu, and rpoB encoding the β subunit of bacterial RNA polymerase. The present study gives a first detailed characterization of the species A. pinnipediorum from a grey seal in the UK. However, the route of infection of the grey seal with the bacterial pathogen remains unclear.
Effectiveness and Safety of Adjustable Gastric Banding in Morbidly Obese Patients After 5 Years of Follow-up
Authors: Zurawel Robert , Gluck Marek , Piecuch Jerzy , Nowowiejska-Wiewiora Alicja , Niedziela Jacek , Wiewiora Maciej 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Obesity is a civilization disease that promotes the emergence and development of many diseases, such as type II diabetes, cardiovascular, and some cancers. It directly affects the length and quality of life. The purpose of this retrospective study was to show the short- and long-term results of weight loss after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) as well as to assess the results of the procedure and the percentage of reoperations. Case series analysis included 228 subsequent patients who underwent LAGB due to obesity. In the postoperative period, there was a gradual reduction in body weight, especially in the first 24 months after surgery. After 3 years, no further weight reduction was observed, and sometimes, a slight increase in weight was observed 5 years after surgery; the trend in weight reduction over the entire time period was significant. A similar result was found for percentage of BMI loss (%BMIL) and percentage of excess body weight loss (%EWL), especially in the first 36 months after surgery. Our study confirmed the good early results and low effectiveness of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding in the long-term treatment of pathological obesity. On the other hand, the simplicity and safety of the procedure, the minimal effects of malnutrition, the low number of early complications, and the total reversibility or conversion procedure for any other bariatric surgery are the strengths of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding for a selected group of patients.
Ooids forming in situ within microbial mats (Kiritimati atoll, central Pacific)
Authors: Suarez-Gonzalez Pablo , Reitner Joachim 
Published: November 2021

AbstractOoids (subspherical particles with a laminated cortex growing around a nucleus) are ubiquitous in the geological record since the Archean and have been widely studied for more than two centuries. However, various questions about them remain open, particularly about the role of microbial communities and organic matter in their formation and development. Although ooids typically occur rolling around in agitated waters, here, we describe for the first time aragonite ooids forming statically within microbial mats from hypersaline ponds of Kiritimati (Kiribati, central Pacific). Subspherical particles had been previously observed in these mats and classified as spherulites, but these particles grow around autochthonous micritic nuclei, and many of them have laminated cortices, with alternating radial fibrous laminae and micritic laminae. Thus, they are compatible with the definition of the term ‘ooid’ and are in fact very similar to many modern and fossil examples. Kiritimati ooids are more abundant and developed in some ponds and in some particular layers of the microbial mats, which leads to the discussion and interpretation of their formation processes as product of mat evolution, through a combination of organic and environmental factors. Radial fibrous laminae are formed during periods of increased supersaturation, either by metabolic or environmental processes. Micritic laminae are formed in closer association with the mat exopolymer (EPS) matrix, probably during periods of lower supersaturation and/or stronger EPS degradation. Therefore, this study represents a step forward in the understanding of ooid development as influenced by microbial communities, providing a useful analogue for explaining similar fossil ooids.
First extraction of eDNA from tree hole water to detect tree frogs: a simple field method piloted in Madagascar
Authors: Mullin Katherine E. , Barata Izabela M. , Dawson Jeff , Orozco-terWengel Pablo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) is becoming an increasingly used tool for monitoring cryptic species within terrestrial and aquatic systems. We present the first method for extracting water from tree holes for eDNA studies of tree-dwelling frogs, and the first use of eDNA for amphibian monitoring in Madagascar. This pilot study expands on a previously developed method and aims to provide a simple field protocol for DNA extraction from very small water samples, using a relatively inexpensive kit compared to other collection methods. We collected 20 ml of water from tree holes in Ambohitantely Special Reserve in Madagascar, with the aim to survey for the Critically Endangered tree frog Anodonthyla vallani, and we developed species specific cytochrome c oxidase 1 primers for this species. While our two samples did not detect A. vallani, we successfully extracted up to 16.6 ng/µl of eDNA from the samples and using 16S rRNA primers barcoded the tree frog Plethodontohyla mihanika in one of the samples. Despite just two samples being collected, we highlight the future potential of eDNA from tree holes for investigating cryptic habitat specialist amphibians given we extracted frog eDNA from just 20 ml of water. The method provides a rapid, simple, and cost-effective method which can assist cryptic species monitoring in challenging and time-consuming field conditions and should be developed further for frog surveying in Madagascar and beyond. The newly developed primers can be used for further work using this eDNA method to survey threatened Anodonthyla frog species.
A collective alternative to the Inward Turn in environmental sustainability research
Authors: Boda Chad S. , O’Byrne David , Harnesk David , Faran Turaj , Isgren Ellinor 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIt has become quite common in environmental sustainability research to promote the influencing of so-called inner dimensions of individuals as means to address pressing environmental problems such as climate change, what we refer to as the Inward Turn. We argue that the conceptual foundations of the Inward Turn, an extreme form of methodological individualism, limit it significantly as a strategy for addressing climate change and other socially relevant environmental problems. After briefly reviewing major shortcomings with the way the Inward Turn conceptualizes the relationship between individuals and social change, including its neglect of causal structures and propensity to abstract its analysis away from problems that are specific to place and time, we sketch the basic tenets of an alternative methodological approach capable of overcoming these limitations. Our approach, however, does not go to the other extreme and neglect the role of individuals; rather, our recognition of the structural drivers of particular environmental problems points to the necessity of specific collective actions by individuals, for example, in the practice of social movements. This recognition demands a rethinking of the role of individual factors, like emotion and empathy, in addressing environmental sustainability problems, namely as they relate to collective action/social movement emergence, development, and outcomes.
Upper-Body Post-activation Performance Enhancement for Athletic Performance: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis and Recommendations for Future Research
Authors: Finlay Mitchell James , Bridge Craig Alan , Greig Matt , Page Richard Michael 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Research on post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) is dominated by lower-body conditioning activities/performance test complexes. Despite the contribution of the upper body to many sporting actions, no review on upper-body PAPE currently exists.

Objectives
The aim of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to provide a synthesis of the available research on the inclusion of upper-body PAPE conditioning activities to improve athletic performance.

Methods
A review of the literature was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses guidelines, including a literature search of EBSCOhost, SPORTDiscus, PubMed and Google Scholar databases. A total of 127 studies were identified through database searches, and were assessed against the following criteria: (1) randomised controlled trial or pre-and-post study design; (2) studies explored the effects of prior voluntary muscle activity, and not electrically induced contractions, (3) evidence, or lack thereof, of PAPE was quantified by the monitoring of individual performance to commonly applied physical tests or sport-specific tasks; (4) conditioning activities and performance tests were primarily upper-body; (5) detailed description of a standardised warm-up; and (6) full-text versions of studies could be accessed in English language peer-reviewed journals. Studies were quality assessed for methodological quality via the PEDro scale and ranked accordingly.

Results
Thirty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies were classified into different conditioning activity modes: bench press variations, sport-specific (modified implement throws, swing-specific, cable pulley, elastic resistance, combination) and bodyweight activity. Acute performance enhancement in several movement-specific combinations was found. A meta-analysis revealed that bench press at  ≥ 80% one repetition maximum significantly (p = 0.03; ES = 0.31) improves subsequent power output in the ballistic bench throw at 30–40% one repetition maximum, following 8–12 min recovery. Additionally, sport-specific overweight implement throws improved subsequent throwing distance at competition weight by ~ 1.7–8.5%; ES = 0.14–0.33, following 3 min recovery. Sport-specific lighter weighted bat swings and swing-specific isometrics resulted in improved subsequent competition weight bat swing velocities, ranging from ~ 1.3–4.9%; ES = 0.16–0.57.

Conclusions
This review presents several upper-body movement-specific conditioning activities that could be considered by coaches and practitioners as part of complex or contrast training, or used in pre-competition warm-ups to acutely enhance performance.
Auf dem Weg zu mehr Kollaboration: Kollaboratives Lernen als Ansatz der Lehrkräfteprofessionalisierung in der Grundbildung
Authors: Winther Esther , Paeßens Jessica , Ma Beifang , Tröster Monika , Bowien-Jansen Beate 
Published: November 2021

ZusammenfassungKollaborative Lehrkräfteprofessionalisierung ist eine wichtige Maßnahme, um Lehrkräfte zu befähigen, Herausforderungen der postpandemischen Arbeitsrealität zu bewältigen. Wie dies in der Lehrkräfteprofessionalisierung in der Grundbildung gelingt bzw. gefördert werden kann, ist bislang unzureichend erforscht. Dieser Beitrag nimmt sich dieses Desiderats an und beschreibt explorativ Gelingensbedingungen des kollaborativen Lernens im Rahmen eines Ausschnitts der kollaborativen Lehrkräfteprofessionalisierung. Hierbei wird das kollaborative Lernen entlang einer Lernspielvalidierung für die Finanzielle Grundbildung zum Gegenstand der Weiterbildung gemacht. Es zeigt sich, dass u. a. der Aufbau einer Teamorganisation, die Leitung eines Teams sowie die Aufgabenteilung innerhalb eines Teams relevant für das kollaborative Lernen von Lehrkräften sind und dass die Berufserfahrung die Beziehung zwischen der wahrgenommenen Wirksamkeit des Kollaborationsprozesses und der Entstehung des situationalen Interesses an Kollaboration moderiert.
Proof of the Bessenrodt–Ono Inequality by Induction
Authors: Heim Bernhard , Neuhauser Markus 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn 2016 Bessenrodt–Ono discovered an inequality addressing additive and multiplicative properties of the partition function. Generalizations by several authors have been given; on partitions with rank in a given residue class by Hou–Jagadeesan and Males, on k-regular partitions by Beckwith–Bessenrodt, on k-colored partitions by Chern–Fu–Tang, and Heim–Neuhauser on their polynomization, and Dawsey–Masri on the Andrews spt-function. The proofs depend on non-trivial asymptotic formulas related to the circle method on one side, or a sophisticated combinatorial proof invented by Alanazi–Gagola–Munagi. We offer in this paper a new proof of the Bessenrodt–Ono inequality, which is built on a well-known recursion formula for partition numbers. We extend the proof to the result by Chern–Fu–Tang and its polynomization. Finally, we also obtain a new result.
Optimal Designs for Comparing Regression Curves: Dependence Within and Between Groups
Authors: Schorning Kirsten , Dette Holger 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe consider the problem of designing experiments for the comparison of two regression curves describing the relation between a predictor and a response in two groups, where the data between and within the group may be dependent. In order to derive efficient designs we use results from stochastic analysis to identify the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE) in a corresponding continuous model. It is demonstrated that in general simultaneous estimation using the data from both groups yields more precise results than estimation of the parameters separately in the two groups. Using the BLUE from simultaneous estimation, we then construct an efficient linear estimator for finite sample size by minimizing the mean squared error between the optimal solution in the continuous model and its discrete approximation with respect to the weights (of the linear estimator). Finally, the optimal design points are determined by minimizing the maximal width of a simultaneous confidence band for the difference of the two regression functions. The advantages of the new approach are illustrated by means of a simulation study, where it is shown that the use of the optimal designs yields substantially narrower confidence bands than the application of uniform designs.
The role of information infrastructure for climate change adaptation in the socio-ecological system of the Central Himalaya: availability, utility, and gaps
Authors: Kumar Praveen , Pandey Rajiv , Fürst Christine , Joshi P. K. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe present study intends to understand and disclose the role of information infrastructure in climate change adaptation and its underlying barriers in the communities of socio-ecological system (SES) in the Central Himalaya. The study makes use of primary data in its research methodology which comprises the use of questionnaires, oral interviews, and review of relevant literature. The data were collected using a questionnaire-based survey from 85 households in 11 villages. The study results show that road accessibility and irrigation facilities remarkably influence the educational, professional, and economic conditions of the communities. The research reveals how the flow of information through television, newspapers, village elders, and mobile phones influences perceptions of climate change in a different order. Information infrastructure availability is higher with the communities having access to the road network and irrigation facilities. The study concludes that in SES a good information infrastructure is highly relevant for reducing the current and future vulnerability of SESs to climate change. The study also provides recommendations for the dissemination of information on climate adaptation that suit the needs and demands of the Himalayan SESs and thus could help to close existing information gaps and barriers.
Small Diameter Penile Implants: A Survey on Current Utilization and Review of Literature
Authors: Campbell Scott P. , Kim Christopher J. , Allkanjari Armand , Nose Brent , Selph J. Patrick , Lentz Aaron C. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background
Inflatable penile prostheses (IPPs) with smaller diameter cylinders have been in use for over 30 years, yet the literature is sparse on their utilization patterns amongst prosthetic surgeons.

Aim
To understand current usage of small diameter penile implants (SDPI) among prosthetic surgeons.

Methods
IRB approval was obtained to conduct a survey of prosthetic surgeons. A 23-question online survey was distributed via email to physician members of the Sexual Medicine Society of North America (SMSNA) and Society of Urologic Prosthesis Surgeons (SUPS). The survey included questions regarding surgeon experience and volume, frequency of SDPI utilization, indications for SDPI, surgical strategy in the setting of SDPI (approach, use of concordant modeling/grafting), reservoir and pump management, and perceived infection risk and patient satisfaction.

Main Outcome Measure
SDPI were utilized by the vast majority of respondents in certain clinical situations such as corporal fibrosis or anatomically small corpora, and surgeons have had a favorable experience with these as a final destination implant or as a place-holder until reimplantation with a normal diameter device.

Results
Fifty individuals responded to the survey, 48 of whom routinely utilized SDPI. The most common indication for SDPI placement was corporal fibrosis from prior infection, followed by anatomically small corpora and priapism. The most common maximal dilation diameter was 10 mm (47%), an additional 23% of respondents utilized SDPI with 11 mm dilation. 75.4% of respondents sometimes or always intended to upsize to standard diameter cylinders in the future. 68.8% of surgeons routinely counseled patients on the possibility of reduced grith and rigidity with SDPI. Patient satisfaction was perceived to be comparable to standard diameter cylinders in 56.3% of respondents, while the remaining 43.6% believed it to be lower than traditional cylinders. Utilization of SDPI can be an important tool for prosthetic surgeons faced with difficult cases due to corporal fibrosis or small corpora. This survey provides new insight into patterns of SDPI utilization by surgeons. A limitation of the study is that patient satisfaction is indirectly addressed through surgeons’ perception and experience, further research will be necessary to include patient questionnaires regarding device satisfaction.

Conclusion
SDPI are necessary in certain scenarios that preclude the use of normal diameter cylinders. These implants may offer satisfactory erections, but can also be upsized to standard diameter cylinders in the future.
Childhood absence epilepsy
Authors: Bashiri Fahad A. , Al dosari Abdullah , Hamad Muddathir H. , Kentab Amal Y. , Alwadei Ali H. 
Published: November 2021

Purpose and Background:
To evaluate the electro-clinical manifestations and outcomes of children with absence epilepsy at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
This retrospective study reviewed the medical and EEG records of patients who were diagnosed to have CAE as per the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) definition for CAE. The study was conducted in the pediatric neurology clinic of King Khalid University Hospital, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between January 2000 and December 2019. Patients who did not meet (ILAE) criteria, lost follow-up, and those who did not receive treatment at KKUH were excluded. Data regarding the patient's disease, electro-clinical manifestations, anti-seizure medication response, and outcomes were collected.

Results:
A total of 35 patients, with an average age at diagnosis of 7 ± 2.1 y, were included in the study; among them, 51.4% were female and approximately 48.6% presented with a family history of epilepsy. Regarding clinical features, all patients experienced staring and altered awareness, 94.2% had less than 20 spells per day at the time of diagnosis, and 65.7% were provoked by the hyperventilation test. Regarding EEG findings, all patients had bilateral, symmetrical, and synchronous discharges in the form of regular 3 Hz spike-and-wave complexes, and 94.3% had a generalized initial ictal discharge. Also, 22.8% had eye fluttering with electrographic seizures. Ethosuximide (ESM) was used as the drug of choice in 45.7% of the patients. Regarding clinical outcomes, 94.3% had their disease clinically controlled, and 80% had a normalized EEG after few months of starting anti-seizure medication. Finally, 37.2% experienced complete remission of epilepsy after 3–5 y; however, one patient developed juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.

Conclusion:
This study described the electro-clinical manifestations of patients with childhood absence epilepsy and outcomes. Furthermore, early diagnosis and prompt treatment of childhood absence epilepsy improve treatment outcomes.
Backing as Truthmaking
Authors: Stamatiadis-Bréhier Alexios 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSeparatists about grounding take explanations to be separate from their corresponding grounding-facts. Grounding-facts are supposed to underlie, or back, such explanations. However, the backing relation hasn’t received much attention in the literature. The aim of this paper is to provide an informative definition of backing. First, I examine two prominent proposals: backing as explaining (Kovacs 2017; 2019a) and backing as grounding (see Sjölin Wirling 2020). Finally, I put forward my own proposal. I argue that under plausible assumptions about the role of backing and the nature of explanation, backing should be understood as a form of truthmaking, minimally construed.