bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, and ileal transposition on myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion injury in non-obese non-diabetic rats
Authors: Kornyushin Oleg , Sonin Dmitry , Polozov Alexander , Masley Vitaly , Bulavinova Nika , Chervyak Maria , Istomina Maria , Mukhametdinova Daria , Neimark Alexander , Cheburkin Yuri , Toropova Yana , Derkach Kira , Shpakov Alexander , Galagudza Michael , Shlyakhto Evgenyi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBariatric surgery (BS) improves outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Here we tested the hypothesis that BS-mediated reduction in fatal MI could be attributed to its infarct-limiting effect. Wistar rats were randomized into five groups: control (CON), sham (SHAM), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG), and ileotransposition (IT). Ten weeks later, animals were subjected to 30-min myocardial ischemia plus 120-min reperfusion. Infarct size (IS) and no-reflow area were determined histochemically. Fasting plasma levels of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), leptin, ghrelin, and insulin were measured using ELISA. Compared with SHAM, RYGB and SG reduced IS by 22% (p = 0.011) and 10% (p = 0.027), and no-reflow by 38% (p = 0.01) and 32% (p = 0.004), respectively. IT failed to reduce IS and no-reflow. GLP-1 level was increased in the SG and RYGB groups compared with CON. In both the SG and RYGB, leptin level was decreased compared with CON and SHAM. In the SG group, ghrelin level was lower than that in the CON and SHAM. Insulin levels were not different between groups. In conclusion, RYGB and SG increased myocardial tolerance to ischemia–reperfusion injury of non-obese, non-diabetic rats, and their infarct-limiting effect is associated with decreased leptin and ghrelin levels and increased GLP-1 level.
CircFOXM1 promotes proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma via regulating miR-1179/SPAG5 axis
Authors: Wang Gaoqing , Jiang Yin , Lu Caide , Jiang Wei , Wu Shugeng , Hua Yongfei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) predominantly occurs in patients with chronic liver disease, accounting for 70–90% of all liver cancer cases. The role of circFOXM1/miR-1179/SPAG5 axis in HCC has not been reported. This study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanism of circFOXM1 in HCC proliferation and metastasis. RNA polymerase inhibitor actinomycin D and RNase R exonuclease were used to identify circFOXM1 in HCC cells. The qRT-PCR was used to detect circFOXM1 expression. Specific siRNA for circFOXM1 was designed, and the sequence of circFOXM1 was inserted in pLCDH-ciR to overexpress circFOXM. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 in vitro, by tumor volume and tumor weight of HCC xenograft in vivo. Cell migration was detected by transwell test. Binding status of circFOXM1 with miR-1179 was detected by luciferase reporter gene assay. Rescue experiments were applied to identify the oncogenic mechanism of circFOXM1 in HCC cells. Actinomycin D assay confirmed the cyclization of circFOXM1. RNase R treatment showed that circFOXM1 was not affected by RNase R exonuclease. CCK8 assay, tumor volume and tumor weight showed that circFOXM1 effectively promoted HCC cell proliferation. Transwell assay showed that circFOXM effectively promoted migration and invasion abilities of HCC cells. Luciferase reporter gene activity assay showed that miR-1179 had complementary binding sites with circFOXM1 and SPAG5. CircFOXM1 silencing inhibited malignant phenotypes in HCC cells were partly rescued by either miR-1179 silencing or SPAG5 overexpression. CircFOXM1 promoted HCC cell proliferation and metastasis by regulating miR-1179/SPAG5 axis.
More DNA and RNA of HBV SP1 splice variants are detected in genotypes B and C at low viral replication
Authors: Luk Ka-Cheung , Gersch Jeffrey , Harris Barbara J. , Holzmayer Vera , Mbanya Dora , Sauleda Silvia , Rodgers Mary A. , Cloherty Gavin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHBV produces unspliced and spliced RNAs during replication. Encapsidated spliced RNA is converted into DNA generating defective virions that are detected in plasma and associated with HCC development. Herein we describe a quantitative real-time PCR detection of splice variant SP1 DNA/RNA in HBV plasma. Three PCR primers/probe sets were designed detecting the SP1 variants, unspliced core, or X gene. Plasmids carrying the three regions were constructed for the nine HBV genotypes to evaluate the three sets, which were also tested on DNA/RNA extracted from 193 HBV plasma with unknown HCC status. The assay had an LOD of 80 copies/ml and was equally efficient for detecting all nine genotypes and three targets. In testing 84 specimens for both SP1 DNA (77.4%) and RNA (82.1%), higher viral loads resulted in increased SP1 levels. Most samples yielded < 1% of SP1 DNA, while the average SP1 RNA was 3.29%. At viral load of ≤ 5 log copies/ml, the detectable SP1 DNA varied by genotype, with 70% for B, 33.3% for C, 10.5% for E, 4% for D and 0% for A, suggesting higher levels of splicing in B and C during low replication. At > 5 log, all samples regardless of genotype had detectable SP1 DNA.
Determination of biomarkers from microarray data using graph neural network and spectral clustering
Authors: Yu Kun , Xie Weidong , Wang Linjie , Zhang Shoujia , Li Wei 
Published: December 2021

AbstractIn bioinformatics, the rapid development of gene sequencing technology has produced an increasing amount of microarray data. This type of data shares the typical characteristics of small sample size and high feature dimensions. Searching for biomarkers from microarray data, which expression features of various diseases, is essential for the disease classification. feature selection has therefore became fundemental for the analysis of microarray data, which designs to remove irrelevant and redundant features. There are a large number of redundant features and irrelevant features in microarray data, which severely degrade the classification effectiveness. We propose an innovative feature selection method with the goal of obtaining feature dependencies from a priori knowledge and removing redundant features using spectral clustering. In this paper, the graph structure is firstly constructed by using the gene interaction network as a priori knowledge, and then a link prediction method based on graph neural network is proposed to enhance the graph structure data. Finally, a feature selection method based on spectral clustering is proposed to determine biomarkers. The classification accuracy on DLBCL and Prostate can be improved by 10.90% and 16.22% compared to traditional methods. Link prediction provides an average classification accuracy improvement of 1.96% and 1.31%, and is up to 16.98% higher than the published method. The results show that the proposed method can have full use of a priori knowledge to effectively select disease prediction biomarkers with high classification accuracy.
Generation of mutant pigs by lipofection-mediated genome editing in embryos
Authors: Hirata Maki , Wittayarat Manita , Namula Zhao , Le Quynh Anh , Lin Qingyi , Takebayashi Koki , Thongkittidilok Chommanart , Mito Taro , Tomonari Sayuri , Tanihara Fuminori , Otoi Takeshige 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe specificity and efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing systems are determined by several factors, including the mode of delivery, when applied to mammalian embryos. Given the limited time window for delivery, faster and more reliable methods to introduce Cas9-gRNA ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs) into target embryos are needed. In pigs, somatic cell nuclear transfer using gene-modified somatic cells and the direct introduction of gene editors into the cytoplasm of zygotes/embryos by microinjection or electroporation have been used to generate gene-edited embryos; however, these strategies require expensive equipment and sophisticated techniques. In this study, we developed a novel lipofection-mediated RNP transfection technique that does not require specialized equipment for the generation of gene-edited pigs and produced no detectable off-target events. In particular, we determined the concentration of lipofection reagent for efficient RNP delivery into embryos and successfully generated MSTN gene-edited pigs (with mutations in 7 of 9 piglets) after blastocyst transfer to a recipient gilt. This newly established lipofection-based technique is still in its early stages and requires improvements, particularly in terms of editing efficiency. Nonetheless, this practical method for rapid and large-scale lipofection-mediated gene editing in pigs has important agricultural and biomedical applications.
The C-shaped root canal systems in mandibular second molars in an Emirati population
Authors: Khawaja Summayah , Alharbi Nouf , Chaudhry Jahanzeb , Khamis Amar Hasan , Abed Rashid El , Ghoneima Ahmed , Jamal Mohamed 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOur study aimed to describe the root and canal morphology of mandibular second molars in Emirati population and to study the prevalence and types of morphological change in C-shaped canal configuration along the root length in an effort to describe C-shaped molars as a unit. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of Emirati patients were analyzed in multiple plans and root and canal configuration of mandibular second molars were evaluated. Moreover, specific types of morphological change in C-shaped canal configuration along root length were studied and reconstructed using 3D reconstruction software. A total of 508 mandibular second molars were evaluated. Among the non-C-shaped mandibular second molars, two separate roots were the most prevalent root morphology (78.3%). The mesial root's most common root canal configuration was Vertucci Type II (46.5%), and in the distal root, Vertucci Type I (90.5%). The prevalence of C-shaped mandibular second molars was 17.9% and was significantly prevalent (P < 0.001) in females. Specific types of morphological change in C-shaped molars along the root length were observed and described for the first time, in which the most common types of morphological change were C1-C2-C3d (18%), C1-C3c-C3d (15.4%), C4-C3c-C3d (7.7%), and C3c-C3c-C3d (7.7%). This study showed wide variations in the root and canal morphology in mandibular second molars in Emirati population with a relatively high prevalence of C-shaped canal configuration (17.9%). Moreover, specific types of morphological change in C-shaped configuration were detected and described for the first time in this population.
Phenol-rich alternatives for Rosa x damascena Mill. Efficient phytochemical profiling using different extraction methods and colorimetric assays
Authors: Piotrowicz Zuzanna , Tabisz Łukasz , Waligórska Marta , Pankiewicz Radosław , Łęska Bogusława 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDamask rose is a well-established, abundant source of phytochemicals, as well as economically important essential oil—however, its cultivation is demanding and costly. In this paper, extracts from four raw plant materials—Salvia officinalis, Sambucus nigra, Matricaria chamomilla, Calendula officinalis, known to be rich in phenolic compounds, but also far easier to cultivate—were directly compared to those obtained from Rosa × damascena Mill. By combining diverse extraction methodologies (in a Soxhlet apparatus, ultrawave-assisted and microwave-assisted, using supercritical CO2) and complementary in vitro assays (radical scavenging, iron reducing, Folin–Ciocalteau and Al3+ complexation), it was possible to conveniently approximate and compare the phytochemical portfolios of those diverse plants. By factoring in the crop yields of different species, economically important conclusions can be reached—with pot marigold (C. officinalis) seemingly the most viable substitute for damask rose as a source of phenolics. Fatty acid and microelement analyses were also performed, to further enrich the chemical profiles of plant extracts. The paper also aims to collate and redesign multiple colorimetric assays frequently used while studying plant extracts in vitro, but criticized for their lack of correlation to in vivo activity. We show that they remain a viable tool for direct comparison of extraction methodologies, while highlighting their shortcomings.
Use of near-infrared imaging using indocyanine green associates with the lower incidence of postoperative complications for intestinal and mesenteric injury
Authors: Yamaguchi Keishi , Abe Takeru , Nakajima Kento , Watanabe Chikara , Kawamura Yusuke , Suwa Hirokazu , Minami Yuta , Nojiri Kazunori , Ono Hidetaka , Yoshida Kenichi , Masui Hidenobu , Doi Tomoki , Takeuchi Ichiro 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAnastomotic leakage after intestinal resection is one of the most serious complications of surgical intervention for hollow viscus injury. Adequate vascular perfusion of the anastomotic site is essential to prevent anastomotic leakage. Near-infrared imaging using indocyanine green (NIR-ICG) is useful for the objective assessment of vascular perfusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of NIR-ICG with intestinal and mesenteric injuries. This was a retrospective, single-center study of patients undergoing surgery for intestinal and mesenteric injuries. NIR-ICG was used to evaluate vascular perfusion. Postoperative complications were assessed between NIR-ICG and non-NIR-ICG groups.The use of NIR-ICG was associated with a lower incidence of Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ III complications with a statistical tendency (p = 0.076). When limited to patients that underwent intestinal resection, the use of NIR-ICG was significantly associated with a lower risk of perioperative complications (p = 0.009). The use of NIR-ICG tended to associate with the lower incidence of postoperative complications after intestinal and mesenteric trauma surgery. NIR-ICG was associated with a significantly lower risk of complications in patients undergoing intestinal resection. The NIR-ICG procedure is simple and quick and is expected to be useful for intestinal and mesenteric trauma.
Near infrared spectroscopy accurately detects Trypanosoma cruzi non-destructively in midguts, rectum and excreta samples of Triatoma infestans
Authors: Tátila-Ferreira Aline , Garcia Gabriela A. , dos Santos Lilha M. B. , Pavan Márcio G. , de C. Moreira Carlos José , Victoriano Juliana C. , da Silva-Junior Renato , dos Santos-Mallet Jacenir R. , Verly Thaiane , Britto Constança , Sikulu-Lord Maggy T. , Maciel-de-Freitas Rafael 
Published: December 2021

AbstractChagas disease is a neglected tropical disease caused byTrypanosoma cruziparasite with an estimated 70 million people at risk. Traditionally, parasite presence in triatomine vectors is detected through optical microscopy which can be low in sensitivity or molecular techniques which can be costly in endemic countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of a reagent-free technique, the Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) for rapid and non-invasive detection ofT. cruziinTriatoma infestansbody parts and in wet/dry excreta samples of the insect. NIRS was 100% accurate for predicting the presence ofT. cruziinfection Dm28c strain (TcI) in either the midgut or the rectum and models developed from either body part could predict infection in the other part. Models developed to predict infection in excreta samples were 100% accurate for predicting infection in both wet and dry samples. However, models developed using dry excreta could not predict infection in wet samples and vice versa. This is the first study to report on the potential application of NIRS for rapid and non-invasive detection ofT. cruziinfection inT. infestansin the laboratory.Future work should demonstrate the capacity of NIRS to detectT. cruziin triatomines originating from the field.
Neurocomputational mechanisms underlying the subjective value of information
Authors: Goh Ariel X.-A. , Bennett Daniel , Bode Stefan , Chong Trevor T.-J. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHumans have a striking desire to actively seek new information, even when it is devoid of any instrumental utility. However, the mechanisms that drive individuals’ subjective preference for information remain unclear. Here, we used fMRI to examine the processing of subjective information value, by having participants decide how much effort they were willing to trade-off for non-instrumental information. We showed that choices were best described by a model that accounted for: (1) the variability in individuals’ estimates of uncertainty, (2) their desire to reduce that uncertainty, and (3) their subjective preference for positively valenced information. Model-based analyses revealed the anterior cingulate as a key node that encodes the subjective value of information across multiple stages of decision-making – including when information was prospectively valued, and when the outcome was definitively delivered. These findings emphasise the multidimensionality of information value, and reveal the neurocomputational mechanisms underlying the variability in individuals’ desire to physically pursue informative outcomes.
A small-molecule compound D6 overcomes EGFR-T790M-mediated resistance in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Tang Xiaolong , Cheng Lizhi , Li Guo , Yan Yong-Ming , Su Fengting , Huang Dan-Ling , Zhang Shuping , Liu Zuojun , Qian Minxian , Li Ji , Cheng Yong-Xian , Liu Baohua 
Published: December 2021

AbstractNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a deadly and highly prevalent malignancy. Targeting activated-EGFR mutations in NSCLC via EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) initially achieves a profound therapeutic response, but resistance frequently evolves, reducing treatment options. Here, we present a small-molecule compound D6 which selectively inhibits tumor cell growth and migration in NSCLC cells with EGFR-TKI-resistant T790M-EGFR-activated mutations (T790M-EGFR-AM), e.g., L858R/T790M, 19Del/T790M and L858R/T790M/C797S. D6 mimics a natural product isolated from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula and selectively competes with T790M-EGFR-AM to bind to HSP90, thus facilitating the ubiquitination dependent proteasomal degradation of T790M-EGFR-AM. By contrast, D6 has little impact on typical HSP90 chaperone activity, suggesting low systemic toxicity. Promisingly, D6 combined with erlotinib or osimertinib shows efficacy in overcoming the EGFR-TKIs-resistance in NSCLCs. Our study raises an alternative strategy to overcome T790M-mediated EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC via targeting the protein–protein interaction of HSP90 and T790M-EGFR by intervention with D6.
Peroxisomal β-oxidation acts as a sensor for intracellular fatty acids and regulates lipolysis
Authors: Ding Lianggong , Sun Wenfei , Balaz Miroslav , He Anyuan , Klug Manuel , Wieland Stefan , Caiazzo Robert , Raverdy Violeta , Pattou Francois , Lefebvre Philippe , Lodhi Irfan J. , Staels Bart , Heim Markus , Wolfrum Christian 
Published: December 2021

AbstractTo liberate fatty acids (FAs) from intracellular stores, lipolysis is regulated by the activity of the lipases adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), hormone-sensitive lipase and monoacylglycerol lipase. Excessive FA release as a result of uncontrolled lipolysis results in lipotoxicity, which can in turn promote the progression of metabolic disorders. However, whether cells can directly sense FAs to maintain cellular lipid homeostasis is unknown. Here we report a sensing mechanism for cellular FAs based on peroxisomal degradation of FAs and coupled with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which in turn regulates FA release by modulating lipolysis. Changes in ROS levels are sensed by PEX2, which modulates ATGL levels through post-translational ubiquitination. We demonstrate the importance of this pathway for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression using genetic and pharmacological approaches to alter ROS levels in vivo, which can be utilized to increase hepatic ATGL levels and ameliorate hepatic steatosis. The discovery of this peroxisomal β-oxidation-mediated feedback mechanism, which is conserved in multiple organs, couples the functions of peroxisomes and lipid droplets and might serve as a new way to manipulate lipolysis to treat metabolic disorders.
Exploring the transformative potential of urban food
Authors: Hebinck A. , Selomane O. , Veen E. , de Vrieze A. , Hasnain S. , Sellberg M. , Sovová L. , Thompson K. , Vervoort J. , Wood A. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractUrban food is a key lever for transformative change towards sustainability. While research reporting on the urban food practices (UFPs) in support of sustainability is increasing, the link towards transformative potential is lacking. This is because research on urban food is often place-based and contextual. This limits the applicability of insights to large-scale sustainability transformations. This paper describes UFPs that aim to contribute to transformative change. We present signposts for potential change based on the types of intended transformative changes as described in the reviewed literature based on the processes and outcomes of the urban food policies and programmes. Secondly, we classify diverse UFPs to elevate them beyond their local, place-based contexts. We find that UFPs carry a lot of potential to facilitate sustainability transformations. Based on that analysis, we provide insights on how urban food research can further contribute to harnessing the transformative potential of UFPs for actionable purposes.
High-performance solution-processed red hyperfluorescent OLEDs based on cibalackrot
Authors: Wallwork Nicholle R. , Mamada Masashi , Shukla Atul , McGregor Sarah K. M. , Adachi Chihaya , Namdas Ebinazar B. , Lo Shih-Chun 
Published: December 2021

Solution-processed hyperfluorescent red organic light-emitting diodes with external quantum efficiencies of 15.3% was achieved by using cibalackrot as the fluorescent emitter, where attaching tert-butyl groups to the assistant host significantly contributes to device performance.
Listening Effort in Cochlear Implant Users: The Effect of Speech Intelligibility, Noise Reduction Processing, and Working Memory Capacity on the Pupil Dilation Response
Authors: Dingemanse Gertjan , Goedegebure André 
Published: December 2021

Purpose:This study aimed to evaluate the effect of speech recognition performance, working memory capacity (WMC), and a noise reduction algorithm (NRA) on listening effort as measured with pupillometry in cochlear implant (CI) users while listening to speech in noise.Method:Speech recognition and pupil responses (peak dilation, peak latency, and release of dilation) were measured during a speech recognition task at three speech-to-noise ratios (SNRs) with an NRA in both on and off conditions. WMC was measured with a reading span task. Twenty experienced CI users participated in this study.Results:With increasing SNR and speech recognition performance, (a) the peak pupil dilation decreased by only a small amount, (b) the peak latency decreased, and (c) the release of dilation after the sentences increased. The NRA had no effect on speech recognition in noise or on the peak or latency values of the pupil response but caused less release of dilation after the end of the sentences. A lower reading span score was associated with higher peak pupil dilation but was not associated with peak latency, release of dilation, or speech recognition in noise.Conclusions:In CI users, speech perception is effortful, even at higher speech recognition scores and high SNRs, indicating that CI users are in a chronic state of increased effort in communication situations. The application of a clinically used NRA did not improve speech perception, nor did it reduce listening effort. Participants with a relatively low WMC exerted relatively more listening effort but did not have better speech reception thresholds in noise.