bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No addiction transfer from preoperative food addiction to other addictive behaviors during the first year after bariatric surgery
Authors: Dickhut Clemens , Hase Carolin , Gruner‐Labitzke Kerstin , Mall Julian W. , Köhler Hinrich , de Zwaan Martina , Müller Astrid 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to investigate whether the remission of preoperative food addiction is associated with increases or new onset of other addictions within the first year following bariatric surgery.MethodsOne hundred and twenty‐five bariatric surgery patients were assessed before surgery (t1) and at 6 months (t2) and 1 year (t3) follow‐ups. The assessments included the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) and standardized questionnaires to measure symptoms of problematic alcohol use, gambling disorder, internet‐use disorder, buying‐shopping disorder, hypersexual disorder and exercise dependence.ResultsForty‐nine (39.2%) patients were assigned to the food addiction (FA+) and 76 patients (60.8%) to the non‐food addiction group (FA−) based on their preoperative YFAS scores. Overall, BMI and symptoms of food addiction decreased significantly from baseline to follow‐ups. Preoperative food addiction status was not associated with postoperative increases or new onset of other addictions. Elevated symptoms of buying‐shopping disorder, internet‐use and hypersexual behaviour at baseline in the FA+‐group decreased over time and were comparable to the FA−‐group at follow‐ups.ConclusionThe ‘addiction transfer’ or ‘cross addiction’ hypothesis was not supportive for alcohol addiction, gambling addiction or other behaviours that may be addictive. Further studies are needed that investigate larger samples and longer observation periods, as well as other substance‐use disorders.
Effects of COVID‐19 lockdown on eating disorders and obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sideli Lucia , Lo Coco Gianluca , Bonfanti Rubinia Celeste , Borsarini Bianca , Fortunato Lucia , Sechi Cristina , Micali Nadia 
Published: August 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to examine: the pooled prevalence of symptomatic behaviours and mental health deterioration amongst individuals with eating disorders (EDs) and obesity during the COVID‐19 confinement. Moreover, we examined changes in EDs and distress before and during the confinement, and the association between psychosocial factors and EDs symptoms.MethodA systematic search was carried out in biomedical databases from January 2020 to January 2021. Both cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies that used quantitative measures of ED symptoms and psychological distress during and after the COVID‐19 confinement were included.ResultsA total of 26 studies met inclusion criteria (n = 3399, 85.7% female). The pooled prevalence of symptomatic deterioration in EDs was 65% (95% CI[48,81], k = 10). The pooled prevalence of increased weight in obesity was 52% (95% CI[25,78], k = 4). More than half of the participants experienced depression and anxiety. Moreover, at least 75% of the individuals with EDs reported shape and eating concerns, and increased thinking about exercising. However, the pooled analyses of longitudinal studies showed no significant differences from pre‐pandemic levels to the first lockdown phase in Body Mass Index and ED symptoms, whereas only few studies suggested increased distress, particularly among individuals with anorexia nervosa.ConclusionsThe majority of individuals with EDs and obesity reported symptomatic worsening during the lockdown. However, further longitudinal studies are needed to identify vulnerable groups, as well as the long‐term consequences of COVID‐19.
Automated facies identification by Direct Push‐based sensing methods (CPT, HPT) and multivariate linear discriminant analysis to decipher geomorphological changes and storm surge impact on a medieval coastal landscape
Authors: Hadler Hanna , Vött Andreas , Willershäuser Timo , Wilken Dennis , Blankenfeldt Ruth , von Carnap‐Bornheim Claus , Emde Kurt , Fischer Peter , Ickerodt Ulf , Klooß Stefanie , Majchczack Bente , Obrocki Lea , Rabbel Wolfgang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractInad1362, a major storm surge drowned wide areas of cultivated medieval marshland along the north‐western coast of Germany and turned them into tidal flats. This study presents a new methodological approach for the reconstruction of changing coastal landscapes developed from a study site in the Wadden Sea of North Frisia. Initially, we deciphered long‐term as well as event‐related short‐term geomorphological changes, using a geoscientific standard approach of vibracoring, analyses of sedimentary, geochemical and microfaunal palaeoenvironmental parameters and radiocarbon dating. In a next step, Direct Push (DP)‐based Cone Penetration Testing (CPT) and the Hydraulic Profiling Tool (HPT) were applied at vibracore locations to obtainin situhigh‐resolution stratigraphic data. In a last step, multivariate linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was successfully applied to efficiently identify different sedimentary facies (e.g., fossil marsh or tidal flat deposits) from the CPT and HPT test dataset, to map the facies' lateral distribution, also in comparison to reflection seismic measurements and test their potential to interpolate the borehole and CPT/HPT data. The training dataset acquired for the key site from coring and DP sensing finally allows an automated facies classification of CPT/HPT data obtained elsewhere within the study area. The new methodological approach allowed a detailed reconstruction of the local coastal landscape development in the interplay of natural marsh formation, medieval land reclamation and storm surge‐related land losses.
Anti‐Markovnikov Addition of Anilines to Aliphatic Terminal Alkynes Catalyzed by an 8‐Quinolinolato Rhodium Complex
Authors: Morimoto Yoshihiko , Kochi Takuya , Kakiuchi Fumitoshi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAnti‐Markovnikov addition of anilines to aliphatic terminal alkynes proceeded using an 8‐quinolinolato rhodium/phosphine catalyst system. The use of a strong organic base, 1,1,3,3,–tetramethylguanidine, in the catalyst system enabled the formation of the aldimine products. Substrates with various functional groups including polar groups such as a phenolic hydroxy group are applicable to the hydroamination.
Filling the gap between theory and practice: A pilot study on parents' perceptions of integrated care for patients with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Gabutti Irene 
Published: August 2021

AbstractClinical pathways are known to be key in managing chronic conditions in an effective and sustainable way. This is particularly true in psychiatry, characterized by chronicity and managerial challenges. In particular, the borderline personality disorder is a highly complicated disorder to manage. Although numerous international guidelines converge on the urge of defining clinical pathways and a stepped‐care model for its effective treatment, it is unknown to what extent these guidelines have been implemented into concrete changes in the provision of care. The objective of this study is to pursue a preliminary assessment of whether there exists coherence between the provision of formal health dispositions or guidelines and end‐users’ perception of the change they should imply. A pilot study investigating the perception of parents of patients with borderline disorder on continuity of care has been conducted in three Italian regions. Results suggest that pathways do exist and are partially able to reach their intended effects, although concrete accessibility is still a major issue. Future studies should build on these preliminary results through quantitative investigation and further explore their causes.
What you see is what you get? Measuring companies' projected employer image attributes via companies' employment webpages
Authors: Theurer Christian P. , Schäpers Philipp , Tumasjan Andranik , Welpe Isabell , Lievens Filip 
Published: August 2021

AbstractInformation on a company's employment webpage sends signals about the employer image the company intends to project to applicants. Nonetheless, we know little about the content of recruitment signals sent via company employment webpages. This study develops a method to measure companies’ projected employer image attributes based on their employment webpages. Specifically, we analyze companies’ projected employer image attributes by applying computer‐aided text analysis (CATA) to the employment webpages of 461 Fortune 500 companies (i.e., more than 11,100 individual pages). Our results show that projected employer image attributes remain relatively stable over time. Moreover, we find relatively low levels of employer image differentiation between companies and between industries. Only a small group of companies (<20%) use distinct employer attribute signals to communicate their projected employer image. Finally, there is limited convergence between projected employer image attributes based on employment webpages and ratings on similar attributes on employer review websites. Generally, our results show that CATA is a viable method for assessing companies’ projected employer image in the context of employer image management and engineering.
Synthesis, molecular docking, DFT study, and in vitro antimicrobial activity of some 4‐(biphenyl‐4‐yl)‐1,4‐dihydropyridine and 4‐(biphenyl‐4‐yl)pyridine derivatives
Authors: Malani Alimamad , Makwana Atul , Monapara Jahnvi , Ahmad Iqrar , Patel Harun , Desai Nisheeth 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe evolution of microbial resistance necessitates the development of new antimicrobial drugs that are more effective than those currently on the market. To address this problem, we have prepared a series of novel 4‐(biphenyl‐4‐yl)‐1,4‐dihydropyridine and 4‐(biphenyl‐4‐yl)pyridine derivatives via Hantzsch reaction using nine different compounds containing active methylene group. IR, NMR, and mass spectra were used to determine the structures. Using ampicillin and griseofulvin as standards, the titled compounds were investigated for their antibacterial activity against different bacteria and fungi. Compounds 1f, 1g, 2f, and 2g have the best antibacterial activity against Gram‐negative bacteria (minimum inhibitory concentration = 50 μg/ml), while 1f, 1h, 2g, and 2h have high antifungal activity against Candida albicans (minimum inhibitory concentration = 100 μg/ml). To gain a better understanding of the binding process and affinity for the bacterial Staphylococcus epidermidis protein, researchers used molecular docking and molecular mechanics, as well as the generalized Born model and solvent accessibility‐based binding free energy. The active compounds 1g, 1h, and 2f have good docking scores of −5.575, −5.949, and −5.234, respectively, whereas compound 2c has the greatest docking score (−6.23). The HOMO‐LUMO energy gap and molecular electrostatic potential were used to evaluate the reactivity of promising compounds, which were then associated with antibacterial efficacy.
Hepatitis E: Genotypes, strategies to prevent and manage, and the existing knowledge gaps
Authors: Kamani Lubna , Padhani Zahra Ali , Das Jai K 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHepatitis E virus (HEV) is considered an emergent source of viral hepatitis worldwide, with an increasing burden of jaundice, liver failure, extrahepatic illnesses, and deaths in developed countries. With the scarcity of data from efficient animal models, there are still open‐ended questions about designing new models to study pathogenesis, types, virology, and evolution of these viruses. With an emphasis on available data and updates, there is still enough information to understand the HEV life cycle, pathogen interaction with the host, and the valuation of the role of vaccine and new anti‐HEV therapies. However, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) preferred to stress prevention and control measures of HEV infections in animals, zoonotic transmission, and foodborne transmission. It is being reviewed that with current knowledge on HEV and existing prevention tools, there is an excellent room for in‐depth information about the virus strains, their replication, pathogenicity, and virulence. The current knowledge set also has gaps regarding standardized and validated diagnostic tools, efficacy and safety of the vaccine, and extrahepatic manifestations specifically in pregnant females, immunocompromised patients, and others. This review highlights the areas for more research exploration, focusing on enlisted research questions based on HEV infection to endorse the need for significant improvement in the current set of knowledge for this public health problem.
High proportion of low cycle threshold value as an early indicator of COVID‐19 surge
Authors: Mishra Baijayantimala , Ranjan Jai , Purushotham Prashanth , Saha Swarnatrisha , Payal Poesy , Kar Punyatoya , Das Sivasankar , Deshmukh Vaishnavi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMany countries in the world are experiencing a recent surge in COVID‐19 cases. This is mainly attributed to the emergence of new SARS‐CoV‐2 variants. Genome sequencing is the only means to detect the evolving virus mutants and emerging variants. Cycle threshold values have an inverse relationship with viral load and lower Ct values are also found to be associated with increased infectivity. In this study, we propose to use Ct values as an early indicator for upcoming COVID‐19 waves. A retrospective cross‐sectional study was carried out to analyze the Ct values of positive samples reported during the first wave and second wave (April 2020–May 2021). Median Ct values of confirmatory genes were taken into consideration for comparison. Ct values below 25, >25–30, and >30 were categorized as high, moderate, and low viral load respectively. Our study found a significantly higher proportion of positive samples with a low Ct value (<25) across age groups and gender during the second wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic. A higher proportion of positive samples with a low Ct value (high viral load) may act as an early indicator of an upcoming surge.
Neutralization of alpha, gamma, and D614G SARS‐CoV‐2 variants by CoronaVac vaccine‐induced antibodies
Authors: Fernández Jorge , Bruneau Nicole , Fasce Rodrigo , Martín Héctor San , Balanda Monserrat , Bustos Patricia , Ulloa Soledad , Mora Judith , Ramírez Eugenio 
Published: August 2021

AbstractVaccination generates a neutralizing immune response against SARS‐CoV‐2. The genomic surveillance is showing the emergence of variants with mutations in spike, the main target of neutralizing antibodies. To understand the impact of these variants, we report the neutralization potency against alpha, gamma, and D614G SARS‐CoV‐2 variants in 44 individuals that received two doses of CoronaVac vaccine, an inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine. Plasma samples collected at 60 days after the second dose of CoronaVac were analyzed by the reduction of cytopathic effect in Vero E6 cells with the three infectious variants of SARS‐CoV‐2. Plasma showed lower neutralization with alpha (geometric mean titer [GMT] = 18.5) and gamma (GMT = 10.0) variants than with D614G (GMT = 75.1) variant. Efficient neutralization against the alpha and gamma variants was not detected in 31.8% and 59.1% of plasma, respectively. These findings suggest the alpha and gamma variants could escape from neutralization by antibodies elicited by vaccination. Robust genomic and biological surveillance of viral variants could help to develop effective strategies for the control of SARS‐CoV‐2.
Cardiac resynchronization therapy guided by the new KODEX‐EPD imaging system
Authors: Scarà Antonio , Sciarra Luigi , Bressi Edoardo , De Ruvo Ermenegildo , Grieco Domenico , Borrelli Alessio , Zecchi Paolo , Calò Leonardo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractNowadays, fluoroscopy is the standard tool used to help physicians during pacing lead implantation. However, its use entails significant radiation exposure for physicians and especially for patients. For the first time, the present case report describes the use of the electro‐anatomical mapping (EAM) navigation system KODEX‐EPD for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) implantation. These findings suggest that CRT implantation guided by the KODEX‐EPD system is feasible and safe with the minimization of X‐ray and dye exposure.
Prevalence and characteristics of the Brugada electrocardiogram pattern in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ueda Nobuhiko , Nagase Satoshi , Kataoka Naoya , Nakajima Kenzaburo , Kamakura Tsukasa , Wada Mitsuru , Yamagata Kenichiro , Ishibashi Kohei , Inoue Yuko , Miyamoto Koji , Noda Takashi , Aiba Takeshi , Izumi Chisato , Noguchi Teruo , Ohno Seiko , Kusano Kengo 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundDespite distinct pathophysiology, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) and Brugada syndrome (BrS) exhibit overlapping phenotypes. We investigated the prevalence and characteristics of the Brugada electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern in ARVC patients.MethodsA total of 114 ARVC patients fulfilling the revised Task Force Criteria were enrolled. The Brugada ECG pattern was evaluated according to the consensus report on right precordial leads, and 1141 ECGs (median, 1; interquartile range, 1‐16 ECGs/patient) were analyzed.ResultsFive patients (4%) showed a Brugada ECG pattern, which disappeared in four patients with ECGs recorded more than 2 years afterward. ARVC patients with the Brugada ECG pattern had a longer PQ interval (220 ± 62 ms vs 180 ± 35 ms, P = .02) and longer QRS duration (138 ± 25 ms vs 102 ± 23 ms, P < .001) than patients without the pattern. During follow‐up (median, 11.4; interquartile range, 5.5‐17.1 years), 19 ARVC patients experienced cardiac death and 29 experienced heart failure (HF) hospitalization. Kaplan‐Meier analysis determined that the Brugada ECG pattern increased the risk of cardiac death and HF hospitalization (log‐rank; P < .001, P < .001 respectively). The mean J‐point and S‐wave amplitudes of the Brugada ECG pattern were 0.29 ± 0.05 mV and 0.34 ± 0.21 mV, respectively, which were significantly lower than those of 26 age‐matched BrS patients with a previous ventricular fibrillation episode (0.66 ± 0.33 mV, P < .001 and 0.67 ± 0.39 mV, P = .02 respectively).ConclusionThe Brugada ECG pattern was infrequently encountered, was transient in ARVC patients, and was associated with a longer PQ interval, longer QRS duration, and cardiac events.
Creativity Outside School: The Influence of Family Background, Perceived Parenting, and After‐school Activity on Creativity
Authors: Liang Qianlin , Niu Weihua , Cheng Li , Qin Kexin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe present research involved two studies that investigated the creativity development of Chinese children and young adolescents (9–14 years old). It was hypothesized that family socio‐economic status (SES), perceived parenting (e.g., parental autonomy support, involvement, and overcontrol), and after‐school activities contribute to the development of creativity. Study 1 showed that self‐rated creativity (mini‐c) was positively associated with children's perceived parenting and SES, whereas expert‐rated creativity (little‐c) and teachers’ rated creativity was positively associated with academic achievement. Study 2 replicated and expanded Study 1 by involving a larger sample and adding factors from the parents' perspective and new measurements of creativity. Study 2 found that children’s perceived parenting and SES were the most significant contributors to the mini‐c, followed by age. In terms of little‐c, the most significant contributor was children’s age, followed by children’s perceived parenting and SES. Moreover, participation in after‐school activities played a critical role in the development of creativity, as represented by both little‐c and mini‐c. The implications of this study are discussed.
Inhibition of glucose use improves structural recovery of injured Achilles tendon in mice
Authors: Izumi Soutarou , Oichi Takeshi , Shetye Snehal S. , Zhang Kairui , Wilson Kimberly , Iwamoto Masahiro , Kuo Catherine K. , Akabudike Ngozi , Adachi Nobuo , Soslowsky Louis J. , Enomoto‐Iwamoto Motomi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractInjured tendons do not regain their native structure except at fetal or very young ages. Healing tendons often show mucoid degeneration involving accumulation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), but its etiology and molecular base have not been studied substantially. We hypothesized that quality and quantity of gene expression involving the synthesis of proteoglycans having sulfated GAGs are altered in injured tendons and that a reduction in synthesis of sulfated GAGs improves structural and functional recovery of injured tendons. C57BL6/j mice were subjected to Achilles tendon tenotomy surgery. The injured tendons accumulated sulfate proteoglycans as early as 1‐week postsurgery and continued so by 4‐week postsurgery. Transcriptome analysis revealed upregulation of a wide range of proteoglycan genes that have sulfated GAGs in the injured tendons 1 and 3 weeks postsurgery. Genes critical for enzymatic reaction of initiation and elongation of chondroitin sulfate GAG chains were also upregulated. After the surgery, mice were treated with the 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose (2DG) that inhibits conversion of glucose to glucose‐6‐phosphate, an initial step of glucose metabolism as an energy source and precursors of monosaccharides of GAGs. The 2DG treatment reduced accumulation of sulfated proteoglycans, improved collagen fiber alignment, and reduced the cross‐sectional area of the injured tendons. The modulus of the 2DG‐treated groups was higher than that in the vehicle group, but not of statistical significance. Our findings suggest that mucoid degeneration in injured tendons may result from the upregulated expression of genes involved the synthesis of sulfate proteoglycans and can be inhibited by reduction of glucose utilization.
Reflections of the real‐world in the unreal, using simulation to design complex real‐world validation studies for spectroscopy
Authors: Beattie J. Renwick 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIncreasing use of real‐world experiments embeds scientific study in settings relevant to everyday life but brings a number of complications. Traditional study design has evaluated experimental risk based on a limited number of factors that are tightly controlled while others are standardised. In real‐world data, many unstandardised factors risk confounding the study in unanticipated ways. Some simulation tools and processes are evaluated for use in capturing current knowledge of complex scenarios to evaluate validation of multivariate models in real‐world settings. Further, it examines the value of probing the range of uncertainty of the assumptions used to build the model. Copulas simulate correlation of multiple underlying factors where the web of causal interactions cannot be untangled. These factors influence the biochemical status of an individual, determining what pathways are activated in that individual. The final biochemical status of the individuals is then transformed into Raman spectroscopic, reference and pathological measurements. Evaluating different validation scenarios (same population, subset of that population and a new population) allows evaluation of the risks of the model being deployed for different intended uses. Technical factors are stress tested to determine the analytical bottlenecks. Individual socio‐economic factors are stress tested to determine the leverage that current uncertainty has on the risks to the validation study. Use of simulation was able to identify the limitations of the current model for new scenarios and also to assess the specific changes in expected sensitivity versus specificity in the new populations, which would be relevant for benefit risk analysis.