bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ensemble learning-based hierarchical retrieval of similar cases for site planning
Authors: Wang Pengyue , Guo Maozu , Han Yunsong , Zhao Lingling , Zhou Xiaoping , Zhang Dayu 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Site planning not only involves the arrangement of a large number of elements but also considers the complexity of urban systems; hence, the design process involves large workloads and is time consuming. Retrieving similar existing cases helps architects optimize or accelerate the design process. This paper proposes a computational approach that provides valuable references by retrieving similar cases. Three types of attributes are extracted to represent a given parcel: land-use attributes, geometric attributes (area, orientation, etc.), and environmental attributes (greening rate, surrounding facilities, etc.). The complete hierarchical retrieval process is divided into three phases. The first phase selects cases whose land-use attributes are consistent with the target parcel. Then, the similarity distances between the given target parcel and the selected cases are calculated using geometric attributes. The eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) classifier is adopted to determine which case is similar to the target parcel. Finally, similarity scores of the retrieved cases are calculated based on the environmental attributes to provide more options during the actual design. In total, 1189 cases with different land-use types in Beijing were collected for the case base. The comparative experimental results confirmed that the proposed ensemble learning-based hierarchical retrieval of similar cases approach improves the accuracy of retrieval results. Furthermore, we use a real-world target parcel to demonstrate the superiority and flexibility of the retrieval process.
Potential benefits of volumetric modulated arc therapy to reduce the incidence of ≥ grade 2 radiation pneumonitis in radiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Imano Nobuki , Kimura Tomoki , Kawahara Daisuke , Nishioka Riku , Fukumoto Wataru , Kawano Reo , Kubo Katsumaro , Katsuta Tsuyoshi , Takeuchi Yuki , Nishibuchi Ikuno , Murakami Yuji , Horimasu Yasushi , Masuda Takeshi , Fujitaka Kazunori , Hattori Noboru , Nagata Yasushi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
The use of volumetric modulated arc therapy is gradually widespread for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that caused ≥ grade 2 radiation pneumonitis and evaluate the impact of using volumetric modulated arc therapy on the incidence of ≥ grade 2 radiation pneumonitis by comparing three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 124 patients who underwent radical radiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer in our institution between 2008 and 2019. The following variables were analysed to detect the factors that affected ≥ grade 2 radiation pneumonitis; age, sex, the presence of interstitial lung disease, pulmonary emphysema, tumour location, stage, PTV/lung volume, lung V20Gy, total dose, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor, radiotherapy method. Radiation pneumonitis was evaluated using the common terminology criteria for adverse events (version 5.0).

Results
A total of 84 patients underwent three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT group) and 40 patients underwent volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT group). The cumulative incidence of ≥ grade 2 radiation pneumonitis at 12 months was significantly lower in the VMAT group than in the 3D-CRT group (25% vs. 49.1%). The use of volumetric modulated arc therapy was a significant factor for ≥ grade 2 radiation pneumonitis (HR:0.32, 95% CI: 0.15–0.65, P = 0.0017) in addition to lung V20Gy (≥ 24%, HR:5.72 (95% CI: 2.87–11.4), P &lt; 0.0001) and total dose (≥ 70 Gy, HR:2.64 (95% CI: 1.39–5.03), P = 0.0031) even after adjustment by multivariate analysis.

Conclusions
We identified factors associated with ≥ grade 2 radiation pneumonitis in radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Volumetric modulated arc therapy has potential benefits to reduce the risk of ≥ grade 2 radiation pneumonitis.
Fracture risk following stereotactic body radiotherapy for long bone metastases
Authors: Ito Kei , Nakajima Yujiro , Ogawa Hiroaki , Taguchi Kentaro 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background
Stereotactic body radiotherapy is a new treatment modality for long bone metastasis and has not been discussed in literature. We aimed to clarify stereotactic body radiotherapy outcomes for long bone metastases.

Methods
Data of patients receiving stereotactic body radiotherapy for long bone metastases (July 2016–November 2020) were retrospectively reviewed. The prescribed dose was 30 or 35 Gy in five fractions. The endpoints were local failure and adverse effects. Local failure was defined as radiological tumor growth within the irradiation field. Adverse effects were evaluated according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 5.

Results
Nineteen osseous lesions in 17 patients were assessed. The target lesions included 13 femoral, 4 humeral and 2 radial lesions. The median follow-up duration was 14 (range, 3–62) months. The 12- and 18-month local failure rates were 0 and 11%, respectively. Following 2 and 46 months of stereotactic body radiotherapy, two lesions (11%) resulted in painful femoral fractures (grade 3). Both patients underwent bipolar hip arthroplasty and could walk normally after surgery. In the late phase, one patient developed radiculopathy (almost complete paralysis of grasp) and another developed grade 2 limb edema. Other grade 2 or more severe acute and late toxicities were not observed during the follow-up period.

Conclusions
Stereotactic body radiotherapy for long bone metastases achieved excellent local control and caused two femoral fractures. We argue that stereotactic body radiotherapy for curative intent should not be contraindicated in long bone oligometastasis because fractures do not directly contribute to life expectancy.
Prognostic value of psoas major muscle density in patients with breast cancer metastases to bone: a retrospective single-center cohort study
Authors: Yao Hana , Dohzono Sho , Sasaoka Ryuichi , Takamatsu Kiyohito , Nakamura Hiroaki 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objective
Although sarcopenia is associated with poor prognosis for cancer patients, the relationship between muscle quantity and quality, and prognosis of breast cancer patients with bone metastases is unclear. This study aims to evaluate the association of muscle parameters, muscle area and density, and overall survival (OS) from the diagnosis of bone metastases in breast cancer patients with bone metastases.

Methods
This study retrospectively investigated the prognostic value of muscle area and density in 90 women who were diagnosed with breast cancer with bone metastases between September 2005 and June 2018. We measured psoas major muscle and paravertebral muscle area and density on single axial computed tomography images at the L3 level and subgrouped the patients into higher or lower groups for each muscle measurement, using median values as cutoffs. We evaluated associations between OS and muscle parameters, using a Cox proportional hazards model adjusted by age and prognostic score for bone metastases (modified Katagiri score).

Results
Median OS among patients with lower psoas major muscle density (25 months) was significantly shorter than in the higher psoas major muscle density group (61 months; hazard ratio: 1.79, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–3.16, P = 0.045). However, muscle area and paravertebral muscle density were not associated with OS in this setting.

Conclusion
Lower psoas major muscle density was a predictor of poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer metastases to bone. The association between psoas major muscle density and prognosis allows wider research into interventions that can prevent loss of muscle density.
Immigration, Fear of Crime, and Public Spending on Security
Authors: Bove Vincenzo , Elia Leandro , Ferraresi Massimiliano 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe explore the relation between immigration, crime, and local government spending on security in Italian municipalities. We find that immigration increases the share of public resources devoted to police protection, particularly when migrants are culturally distant from the native population. We uncover a misalignment between perception and reality, as immigration is associated to fear of future crimes rather than the actual probability of being victim of a crime. We also demonstrate that immigration from culturally distant societies corresponds to a deterioration in civic cooperation and interpersonal trust, which can affect perceptions of safety and the demand for police services.
Age-related healthcare services utilization for the management of sickle cell disease among treated Texas Medicaid patients
Authors: Shukla Nidhi , Barner Jamie C , Lawson Kenneth A , Rascati Karen L 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To determine if there are age-related differences in sickle cell disease (SCD)-related healthcare utilization and to describe temporal healthcare utilization following an emergency department (ED) visit or hospitalization in treated SCD patient population.

Methods
Texas Medicaid prescription and medical claims from 1 September 2011 to 31 August 2016 were used. Patients aged 2–63 years with at least one inpatient or outpatient SCD medical claim and receiving one or more SCD-related medications (hydroxyurea, opioid or non-opioid analgesics) were included. The primary outcomes were utilization of SCD-related ED, inpatient and outpatient visits, all-cause prescription medications and type of SCD-related service at index and subsequent healthcare services. Age group was the primary independent variable.

Key findings
Overall (N = 2339), healthcare service utilization was relatively higher among age groups 2–12, 18–25 and 26–40. Proportions of patients having ≥1 ED and ≥1 inpatient visits, respectively, were significantly higher among age groups 2–12 (33.2%; 23.0%), 18–25 (29.3%; 25.1%) and 26–40 (32.3%; 22.4%) as compared with age group 13–17 (21.3%; 12.9%). The number of outpatient visits was highest among children aged 2–12 (4.5 ± 7.6, P &lt; 0.0001), while mean number of all-cause medications was the highest for older adults aged 41–63 (22.4 ± 16.3; P &lt; 0.0001). After an index ED visit (N = 598), outpatient visits were the most prevalent healthcare services. After an index hospitalization (N = 203), a subsequent hospitalization was the most prevalent healthcare service.

Conclusions
Texas Medicaid SCD patients receiving treatment have a high use of healthcare services, especially among children and young adults who are transitioning from childhood to adulthood. Age-specific interventions should be developed to promote optimal care transitions among young adults.
Non-medical switching of prescription medications, brand-name drugs and out-of-pocket spending on medicines among Peruvian adults
Authors: Uyen-Cateriano Angela , Herrera-Añazco Percy , Mougenot Benoit , Benites-Meza Jerry K , Benites-Zapata Vicente A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Objectives
This study evaluated the association between non-medical switching of prescription medications (NMSPM) with brand-name drugs and out-of-pocket spending (OPS) on drugs among Peruvian adults.

Methods
We conducted a secondary analysis of the National Survey of User Satisfaction Health using an analytical cross-sectional design. We included 3155 adults who went to drugstores and pharmacies with prescriptions. The independent variable was the self-reported NMSPM. The outcomes were brand-name drug purchase and OPS on drugs. We calculated crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and the OPS on drugs was analysed using linear regression with crude and adjusted β and their 95% CIs.

Key findings
The rate of NMSPM was 6.7%, the proportion of brand-name drug purchases was 55.7% and the average spending on drugs was US$1.73. In the adjusted analysis, the proportion of brand-name drug purchases with NMSPM was higher than without (73.3% versus 54.5%; P &lt; 0.001), with a statistically significant association (adjusted PR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.29 to 1.47; P &lt; 0.001), and the association between NMSPM and OPS on drugs was statistically significant (adjusted β = 0.23; 95% CI = 0.16 to 0.30; P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
There is a greater probability of brand-name drug purchases and OPS on drugs when NMSPM exists among adults who go to drugstores and pharmacies in Peru.
Study on the established customized limits for the daily quality assurance procedure
Authors: Jin Xiao-Li , Song Jian-Bo , Peng Jin-Xin , Pan Xiao-Peng , Guo Rui , Xing Xiao-Fen 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Since there are no corresponding specification limits for some new daily quality assurance (QA) items in the TG-142, it is a compromise that the specification limits used in the monthly or annual QA procedures are used for the daily QA procedure in work. But there is no basis for whether this is feasible. The purpose of this article is to analyze QA results using SPC to determine the tolerance limits at our institution, and to present the usefulness of the analysis method using SPC. The data of three groups daily QA processes performed with Daily QA3 in three years were analyzed using statistical process control (SPC). For calculating capability indices (Cp, Cpk, Cpm and Cpmk) of processes, the appropriate number of calculation points was analyzed firstly. Then, in calculating the capability indices for output, limits ±3% of the daily QA in the TG-142 were used as the specification limit, while for flatness and symmetry, an annual QA limits of ±1% was used. For putting forward measures to solve the problem, customized tolerance and action limits were established for each process. And the process control charts calculated using data measured by the five therapists and a medical physicist were compared. At least six to eight weeks of control daily check data points (i.e. 30–40 points) should be used for calculating the individuals and moving range (I-MR) control chart to ensure the stability of control lines. Process capability indices of output were all ≥1, some were up to 3–4. While for symmetry, some processes failed to meet the requirements that capability indices were &lt; 1. For different processes of the same daily QA items, the calculated customized limits were quite different. The range of upper control line (UCL) and lower control line (LCL) was smaller for output and the CL was closer to the target value of 0 for flatness and symmetry in the I-MR control chart calculated using data measured by one staff. For different quality control processes without management by the SPC method at our institution, calculated tolerance and action limits of the same measurement item were quite different. And in most measurement items, the specification limits used in the monthly or annual QA procedures in the TG-142 are not suitable to the daily QA procedure. So the analysis method using SPC is useful and necessary.
Surgical placement of customized abdominal vagus nerve stimulating and gastrointestinal serosal surface recording electrodes
Authors: Horn Charles C , Wong Liane , Shepard Brook S , Gourash William F , McLaughlin Bryan L , Fisher Lee E , Ahmed Bestoun H 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Bioelectronic medical approaches to control vagus nerve-to-organ signaling have the potential to treat cardiac, respiratory, gastrointestinal (GI) and metabolic diseases, such as obesity. Unlike cervical vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), abdominal VNS could provide specific therapeutic control of the GI tract without off-target effects on thoracic organs; however, surgical approaches for abdominal VNS electrode placement are not well established. Moreover, optimal device configurations and additional placement of GI recording electrodes for closed-loop control are largely unknown. We designed VNS cuff and GI planar serosal electrodes and tested placement of these devices in laparoscopic surgery in two cadavers. We determined that electrode positioning on the ventral abdominal vagus nerve and gastric antrum was feasible but other sites, such as the duodenum and proximal stomach, were more difficult. The current investigation can guide potential placement and design of VNS cuff and GI electrodes for development of closed-loop GI therapeutic devices.
Simple lung retraction method for uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery
Authors: Mizukami Yasushi , Maki Ryunosuke , Adachi Hirofumi 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
In conventional multiportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, devices such as cotton-tipped applicators are used instead of graspers to avoid injuring the fragile lung tissue while stabilizing the lung and securing the surgical visual field. However, in uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, which requires the simultaneous use of multiple instruments, the instruments tend to interfere with each other during the procedure because they share a single incisional port. Here, we describe a simple, easy and cost-effective lung retraction technique using cotton swabs to solve the problem. We present this technique and comment on its advantages, including decreased cost and improved surgical visualization.
Giant mature cystic teratoma of the mediastinum resected by VATS: a case report
Authors: Zúñiga-Garza E , Aldape-Mora A , Chávez-Fernández D A , Rodríguez-Osuna J A , Onofre-Borja M , López-Saucedo R A 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
The incidence of mediastinal teratomas is low, it’s important to recognize them between all the differential diagnoses for mediastinal tumors. The treatment is surgical resection.
We report a giant mature cystic teratoma of the mediastinum in a 40-year-old woman. She presented with dyspnea, flu-like symptoms during the previous 5 days. An x-ray complemented with a chest CT scan showed a heterogeneous extrapulmonary multiloculated and predominantly fluid density tumor located at the left side of the mediastinum. The patient underwent resection by video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). The tumor was 15 cm in diameter with a predominant cystic component. Histologic examination revealed a mature cystic teratoma.
Treatment of these tumors should attempt a complete resection. Open approaches are painful, require a longer recovery and are associated with higher morbidity. VATS has been used to treat these tumors, demonstrating the same effectiveness and advantages over open procedures.
Pronominal Subject Expression in Spoken Modern Hebrew: A Diachronic Perspective
Authors: Shor Leon , Reshef Yael , Gonen Einat 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
As a consequence of the sociolinguistic circumstances of its emergence, the morpho-syntactic profile of Modern Hebrew (MH) originates in several sources – classical layers of Hebrew, pre-existing written practices, contact-induced influence of the native languages of the early MH speakers and internal linguistic developments. Adopting a diachronic corpus-based perspective, the present study focuses on one morpho-syntactic feature, the distribution of first and second person free subject pronouns with suffix (qaṭal) and prefix ( yiqṭol) conjugation verbs. In contrast to the mainly synchronic studies of that feature in MH, the starting point of the present study is data extracted from historical recordings documenting the spontaneous speech of four generations of MH speakers over more than 50 years. Our data indicate two opposite trends: On the one hand, there is a relative stability in the rates of free pronoun usage from the 1960s until the 2010s in two aspects: the near obligatory presence of the free 1SG pronoun ani in the prefix-conjugation, and the relatively low rates of free pronouns in the remaining persons. On the other hand, a significant decrease in the use of the 1SG pronoun ani in the suffix-conjugation was found throughout the years.1
Reduced apoplastic barriers in tissues of shoot-proximal rhizomes of Oryza coarctata are associated with Na+ sequestration
Authors: Rajakani Raja , Sellamuthu Gothandapani , Ishikawa Tetsuya , Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ibraheem , Bharathan Subhashree , Kumari Kumkum , Shabala Lana , Zhou Meixue , Chen Zhong-Hua , Shabala Sergey , Venkataraman Gayatri 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Oryza coarctata is the only wild rice species with significant salinity tolerance. The present work examines the role of the substantial rhizomatous tissues of O. coarctata in conferring salinity tolerance. Transition to an erect phenotype (shoot emergence) from prostrate growth of rhizome tissues is characterized by marked lignification and suberization of supporting sclerenchymatous tissue, epidermis, and bundle sheath cells in aerial shoot-proximal nodes and internodes in O. coarctata. With salinity, however, aerial shoot-proximal internodal tissues show reductions in lignification and suberization, most probably related to re-direction of carbon flux towards synthesis of the osmporotectant proline. Concurrent with hypolignification and reduced suberization, the aerial rhizomatous biomass of O. coarctata appears to have evolved mechanisms to store Na+ in these specific tissues under salinity. This was confirmed by histochemical staining, quantitative real-time reverse transcription–PCR expression patterns of genes involved in lignification/suberization, Na+ and K+ contents of internodal tissues, as well as non-invasive microelectrode ion flux measurements of NaCl-induced net Na+, K+, and H+ flux profiles of aerial nodes were determined. In O. coarctata, aerial proximal internodes appear to act as ‘traffic controllers’, sending required amounts of Na+ and K+ into developing leaves for osmotic adjustment and turgor-driven growth, while more deeply positioned internodes assume a Na+ buffering/storage role.
Domestication Shapes Recombination Patterns in Tomato
Authors: Fuentes Roven Rommel , de Ridder Dick , van Dijk Aalt D J , Peters Sander A 
Published: September 2021

AbstractMeiotic recombination is a biological process of key importance in breeding, to generate genetic diversity and develop novel or agronomically relevant haplotypes. In crop tomato, recombination is curtailed as manifested by linkage disequilibrium decay over a longer distance and reduced diversity compared with wild relatives. Here, we compared domesticated and wild populations of tomato and found an overall conserved recombination landscape, with local changes in effective recombination rate in specific genomic regions. We also studied the dynamics of recombination hotspots resulting from domestication and found that loss of such hotspots is associated with selective sweeps, most notably in the pericentromeric heterochromatin. We detected footprints of genetic changes and structural variants, among them associated with transposable elements, linked with hotspot divergence during domestication, likely causing fine-scale alterations to recombination patterns and resulting in linkage drag.