bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, characterization, and biological studies of some biometal complexes
Authors: Srivastava Vinay Kumar 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundMetal complexes Cu[C13H8O4N]22,Ni[Cl3H8O4N]23,and Co[C13H8O4N]24of bioinorganic relevance have been synthesized with the Schiff base ligand 2-furylglyoxal–anthranilic acid (FGAA) [C13H9O4N]1.All the complexes are well characterized by various spectral and physical methods. The antimicrobial activity of the complexes has been studied against some of the pathogenic bacteria and fungi.ResultsResults indicate that complexes have higher antimicrobial activity than the free ligand. This would suggest that chelation reduces considerably the polarity of the metal ions in the complexes which in turn increases the hydrophobic character of the chelate and thus enables permeation, through the lipid layer of microorganisms. All the complexes were assessed for their anticancer studies against a panel of selected cancer cells HOP62 and BT474 respectively. Results showed that the complexes are promising chemotherapeutic alternatives in the search of anticancer agents. The fluorescence quenching phenomenon is observed in the Schiff base metal complexes.ConclusionThe octahedral transition metal complexes2, 3,and4have been obtained by treatment of ligand 2-furylglyoxal-anthranilic acid (FGAA)1with metal acetate. Complexes under investigations have shown antimicrobial, potential anticancer, and the DNA binding studies.Graphical abstract
Level of asthma control and mental health of asthma patients during lockdown for COVID-19: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Sheha Dina S. , Abdel-Rehim Asmaa S. , Abdel-Latif Osama M. , Abdelkader Maryam A. , Raafat Riham H. , Sallam Sarah A. , Mostafa Nayera S. 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
Background
Lockdown has been enforced globally to curb the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Patients with uncontrolled asthma are at risk of severe illness from COVID-19, highlighting the priority of adequate asthma control during the pandemic. Staying indoors exposes asthmatics to indoor asthma triggers, including disinfectants used for limiting the virus spread, in addition to psychological stresses of the pandemic which represent crucial contributors to loss of asthma control. Elective medical care, curtailed by the lockdown procedures, compromises adequate asthma follow up. The current study evaluated the effect of COVID-19 lockdown on the level of asthma control and mental health of bronchial asthma patients. The study included 264 bronchial asthma patients, aged 12 years and older, who responded to an online questionnaire including the asthma control test to evaluate asthma control in the preceding 4 weeks. Anxiety and depression scores and the impact of event scale were also provided.

Results
Seventy percent of asthmatics had uncontrolled asthma, and disinfectant use was associated with perceived increase in asthma symptoms in 77.7%. Anxiety and depression were associated with uncontrolled asthma in 50% of participants, suggesting a possible psychological impact on asthma patients.

Conclusions
During lockdown, asthma patients participating in the study had significantly uncontrolled disease and associated anxiety and depression. Since regular follow-up of asthma patients is cornerstone to adequate asthma control, alternative methods of medical care for asthma patients during lockdown are warranted, and particular need for mental health support ought to be provided as a continuum to adequate asthma control.
Learnings From Precision Clinical Trial Matching for Oncology Patients Who Received NGS Testing
Authors: Jain Neha M. , Culley Alison , Micheel Christine M. , Osterman Travis J. , Levy Mia A. 
Published: February 2021

PURPOSE Tumor next-generation sequencing reports typically generate trial recommendations for patients based on their diagnosis and genomic profile. However, these require additional refinement and prescreening, which can add to physician burden. We wanted to use human prescreening efforts to efficiently refine these trial options and also elucidate the high-value parameters that have a major impact on efficient trial matching. METHODS Clinical trial recommendations were generated based on diagnosis and biomarker criteria using an informatics platform and were further refined by manual prescreening. The refined results were then compared with the initial trial recommendations and the reasons for false-positive matches were evaluated. RESULTS Manual prescreening significantly reduced the number of false positives from the informatics generated trial recommendations, as expected. We found that trial-specific criteria, especially recruiting status for individual trial arms, were a high value parameter and led to the largest number of automated false-positive matches. CONCLUSION Reflex clinical trial matching approaches that refine trial recommendations based on the clinical details as well as trial-specific criteria have the potential to help alleviate physician burden for selecting the most appropriate trial for their patient. Investing in publicly available resources that capture the recruiting status of a trial at the cohort or arm level would, therefore, allow us to make meaningful contributions to increase the clinical trial enrollments by eliminating false positives.
“South Africa Is the Land of Pet Animals”; or, The Racializing Assemblages of Colonial Pet-Keeping
Authors: Feuerstein Anna 
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This essay analyzes two late Victorian texts by white women colonists in South Africa—F. Clinton Parry’s children’s book African Pets (1880) and Annie Martin’s memoir Home Life on an Ostrich Farm (1890)—to nuance understandings of animality as racialization. By reading representations of colonial pet-keeping, the essay shows how the racializing tendencies of Western humanism—especially within slavery and colonialism—manifest within gendered animal-human relationships and help construct both Blackness and whiteness. It focuses on pet-keeping in the colonies to explore understandings of animal-human relationships within the Victorian empire and thus revises Achille Mbembe’s taxonomy of colonial animality. Moving beyond comparison and the tendency to group multiple kinds of dehumanizing practices within slavery and colonialism under the term animalization, the essay suggests that the assemblage is a more productive way to read the many layers of dehumanization taking place within colonial contexts. By analyzing constructions of Blackness, whiteness, and the animal together, it argues that within the animalization and dehumanization projected from the white colonist, we can move beyond reading only for anti-Blackness and locate significant moments of Black fugitivity, wherein Blackness escapes the racializing logics of Western humanism.
A prospective cohort study of shock index as a reliable marker to predict the patient’s need for blood transfusion due to postpartum hemorrhage
Authors: Oğlak Süleyman Cemil , Obut Mehmet , Tahaoğlu Ali Emre , Uğur Demirel Neslihan , Kahveci Bekir , Bağlı İhsan 
Published: February 2021

Objective: This study was aimed to compare the shock index (SI) values between patients who required blood transfusion due to postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) and patients who received no blood transfusion.
Methods: We conducted this cross-sectional study at a tertiary center between January 2019 and June 2019. A total of 2534 patients who underwent vaginal delivery were included in this study. We measured SI values upon admission, 30 minutes, 1-hour, and 2-hours after delivery. We identified women who required blood transfusion as the study group. Control patients who delivered in the same period and received no blood transfusion were identified in the medical record system and randomly selected. Age, parity, BMI, and SI values at each one prepartum and three postpartum periods of the groups were analyzed.
Results: A total of 2534 patients were included in the study. A varying amount of blood transfusion was performed in 54 patients (2.13%). When we compared with patients who did not receive blood transfusion after delivery, patients who received any amount of blood transfusion after vaginal delivery had significantly higher SI values 30 minutes after delivery (0.99±0.20, and 085±0.11, p=0.0001), at 1-hour (1.00±0.18, and 0.85±0.11, p=0.0001), and 2-hours (1.09±0.16, and 0.87±0.11, p=0.0001).
Conclusion: SI value could be a reliable and consistent marker to predict the requirement for any amount of blood transfusion due to PPH.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3444
How to cite this:Oglak SC, Obut M, Tahaoglu AE, Ugur Demirel N, Kahveci B, Bagli I. A prospective cohort study of shock index as a reliable marker to predict the patient’s need for blood transfusion due to postpartum hemorrhage. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(3):863-868. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3444
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Organizational Form and Trade Liberalization: Plant-Level Evidence
Authors: Bai John (Jianqiu) 
Published: February 2021

This paper studies how firms’ internal organization shapes the impact of international trade. Using establishment-level data from the U.S. Census and a difference-in-difference specification, I find that, relative to standalone firms, conglomerates are more likely to restructure after trade liberalization episodes, focusing on their core competency and improving firm productivity and product market performance. Adjustments through the extensive margin account for the majority of the productivity growth differential between conglomerates and standalones experiencing trade shocks. Aggregate industry productivity remains relatively unchanged in industries dominated by conglomerates’ core business but decreases significantly in others. My findings suggest that firms’ internal organization has important consequences on the effects of trade policies. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
Bank Dependence and Bank Financing in Corporate M&A
Authors: Huang Sheng , Lu Ruichang , Srinivasan Anand 
Published: February 2021

We examine the valuation impact of bank-financed mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and the loan contracts used to finance M&A transactions, focusing on the difference between bank-dependent acquirers and other acquirers. We find that bank-financed deals have higher acquirer’s cumulative abnormal returns relative to other cash M&A deals, but this certification effect exists only for bank-dependent acquirers. Despite bank-dependent acquirers being more susceptible to hold-up, banks do not impose higher loan pricing or more stringent nonprice terms on them. After completion of the acquisition, bank-dependent acquirers retain the M&A financing banks for a much larger share of their borrowing needs, suggesting the importance of repeat business for lack of hold-up. Our findings highlight the positive aspects of bank dependence and the importance of implicit contracting for the lack of hold-up in lending markets. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, finance.
Filosofia do cuidado e vulnerabilidade
Authors: Martines Paulo Ricardo 
Published: February 2021

A pandemia do coronavírus trouxe à tona uma crise de saúde pública e econômica de nível mundial sem precedentes, que em nosso país aprofundou a desigualdade social e acentuou a vulnerabilidade dos grupos mais pobres. Alguns países agiram prontamente logo no início do ciclo pandêmico e conseguiram minimizar suas consequências, como a Coreia do Sul ou a Alemanha; outros, sofreram bastante com os números elevados de contaminados e de óbitos, como Espanha e Itália. Mas nada igual com aquilo que se verificou nos EUA e Brasil, cujos presidentes ignoraram e minoraram o contágio, desautorizando o discurso científico e pouco agindo na esfera pública para resistir à pandemia. A crise brasileira vai de par com o desmonte das instituições públicas, sejam elas ligadas à saúde, à ciência ou à educação. O objetivo deste artigo é considerar a noção filosófica de cuidado como uma tentativa de resposta efetiva à situação pela qual passamos, a fim de estabelecer um horizonte que amplie a nossa visão e nos permita ver além do que está próximo, não para se afastar o olhar, mas para ver melhor. A noção filosófica de cuidado tal como a entendo é devedora tanto da reflexão de Hans Jonas sobre a responsabilidade, enquanto expressão de um compromisso autêntico com a dignidade da vida humana, como da reflexão de Paul Ricoeur sobre a noção de sabedoria prática, demarcada pela solicitude enquanto uma preocupação com o outro.
Extracellular protease from Bacillus subtilis B315 with antagonistic activity against bacterial wilt pathogen (Ralstonia solanacearum) of chili
Authors: Prihatiningsih Nur , ASNANI ARI , DJATMIKO HERU ADI 
Published: February 2021

Abstract. Prihatiningsih N, Asnani A, Djatmiko HA. 2021. Extracellular protease from Bacillus subtilis B315 with antagonistic activity against bacterial wilt pathogen (Ralstonia solanacearum) of chili. Biodiversitas 22: 1291-1295. Antagonistic bacteria isolated from a healthy potato are potential biocontrol agents against a number of bacterial pathogens. The capability of antagonistic bacteria to produce extracellular protease could be considered as an indicator of their antagonistic capacity. The objective of this research was to study the optimum activity of protease produced by Bacillus subtilis B315 to control Ralstonia solanacearum causing wilt of chili. In this research were optimum incubation time, pH and crude extract protease concentration of B. subtilis B315 examined for maximum production of extracellular protease. The results showed that B. subtilis B315 was capable of producing protease at optimum incubation time of 30 min, pH 9, and crude extract protease concentration 0.50% with an activity of 1.3185 U/mL. Protease-producing capability of B. subtilis B315 was shown by the formation of a clear zone around the colony of B. subtilis B315 grown on skim-milk agar medium. B. subtilis B315 was capable of inhibiting the growth of R. solanacearum in vitro as indicated by 32 mm clear zone. Furthermore, in chili application of B subtilis showed that this bacteria was capable of controlling chili bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum with effectiveness of 60.89%. The prospective of B. subtilis B315 could be formulated as biopesticide.
Nonparaxial scalar diffraction theory modifications for improved efficiency estimation
Authors: Madsen C. K. 
Published: February 2021

Using the nonparaxial scalar diffraction equations to estimate the diffraction efficiency of multiple orders of a sinusoidal reflection grating, we compare the results of transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) vector wave simulations for a reflective surface on glass. Modifications are presented that enable the nonparaxial scalar solution to approximate simulation results in each order to within 1% to 2% across a 0 to 90 deg range of incidence angles when the diffracted power is predominantly carried in the first several orders, up to the fourth order. The accuracy of simulations in this regime is particularly important for surface scattering where individual spatial frequencies typically have amplitudes much less than a hundred nanometers. A substantial reduction in the error between vector simulations and scalar estimation of diffraction efficiency is demonstrated with the following modifications: (1) an obliquity factor correction for the specular order based on a first-order power conservation criterion, (2) a “cutoff” factor modifying the obliquity factor as the diffracted angle approaches 90 deg for each order, and (3) nonuniform unallocated power distribution near the low-order cutoffs. The second and third modifications are applied to higher diffraction orders for extending the range of applicable grating heights up to 200 nm (peak-to-valley), periods down to twice the wavelength, and slopes up to 0.2 (root mean square).
Clinical outcomes of proximal gastrectomy for gastric cancer: A comparison between the double-flap technique and jejunal interposition
Authors: Kumamoto Tsutomu , Sasako Mitsuru , Ishida Yoshinori , Kurahashi Yasunori , Shinohara Hisashi 
Published: February 2021

Background
The optimal reconstruction method after proximal gastrectomy (PG) has been debatable. Recent reports have shown that the double-flap technique (DFT) provides good outcomes in terms of postoperative nutritional status and quality of life. However, no study has compared the clinical outcomes of the DFT with other reconstruction methods. Here, we evaluated and compared the clinical outcomes between the DFT and jejunal interposition (JI) after PG for gastric cancer.

Materials and methods
The medical records of 34 consecutive patients who had undergone PG for upper third gastric cancer between January 2011 and October 2016 were reviewed retrospectively. The main factors investigated were surgical outcomes, postoperative nutritional status, symptoms, and endoscopic findings 1 year after surgery.

Results
Thirty-four patients were enrolled (DFT, 14; JI, 20). The operation time was similar between the two techniques (228 and 246 minutes for DFT and JI, respectively, P = 0.377), as were the rates of anastomotic complications (7% and 0% for DFT and JI, respectively, P = 0.412). Body weight loss was significantly lower in the DFT group than in the JI group (-8.1% vs -16.1%, P = 0.001). Total protein and albumin levels were higher in the DFT group than in the JI group (0% vs -2.9%, P = 0.053, and -0.3% vs -6.1%, P = 0.077, respectively). One patient in the DFT group and no patients in the JI group experienced reflux esophagitis (≥ grade B) (P = 0.393). Anastomotic strictures were not observed as postoperative complications in either group.

Conclusions
Surgical outcomes revealed that the DFT was safe and feasible, similar to JI. In terms of controlling postoperative body weight loss, the DFT is a better reconstruction technique than JI after PG.
Counseling for the nursing mother or for the breastfeeding technique?
Authors: Pinzón-Villate Gloria Yaneth , Alzate-Posada Martha Lucía , Olaya-Vega Gilma Aurora 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: In Colombia, despite the implementation of initiatives such as breastfeeding counseling (BFC), exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates are low.
Objective: To understand the experience of a group of nursing mothers regarding exclusive breastfeeding counseling provided at Women and Children Friendly Institutions (WCFI) in Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
Materials and methods: Qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. In-depth interviews were administered to 19 breastfeeding mothers who were provided with exclusive breastfeeding counseling (EBFC) at 3 WCFI between August 2016 and January 2017. Units of meaning (UM) were identified through a comprehensive analysis performed in NVivo 10 and based on the reading of the textual transcripts of the interviews and the identification of essential structures in the mothers’ narratives associated with the experience they had while being counseled at three moments (gestation, delivery/immediate postpartum, and puerperium).
Results: The average age was 23 years. Only 37% of the mothers exclusively breastfed their children until they were 4 months old. Nine UMs were identified. During gestation and the immediate postpartum period, participants received instructions on how to breastfeed but were not provided with EBFC by healthcare staff. During the puerperium, the mothers' families and support networks provided them with help and guidance regarding breastfeeding.
Conclusion: It is possible that the legal provisions on breastfeeding counseling and initiatives such as the WCFI are not being complied with in the country, as there are obstacles that hinder their proper execution. Thus, it is necessary to propose and develop effective strategies for the training of breastfeeding counselors among health personnel.
Successful use of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy as adjuvant treatment for alveolar soft part sarcoma. A case report
Authors: Ocolotobiche Eliana Evelina , Pérez-Duhalde Esteban , Güerci Alba Mabel 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Alveolar soft part sarcoma is a very rare and aggressive type of sarcoma. Although its histology and genetic characteristics have been identified, the benefits of adjuvant radiotherapy for its treatment are still being studied.
Case presentation: In November 2007, a 21-year-old woman presented with a primary tumor in the right thigh, with histological and immunohistochemical confirmation of an alveolar soft part sarcoma, which was totally resected in December 2007. Also, the large size of the mass suggested an unfavorable evolution. Two years after the first surgery, two metastatic tumors were detected in the right lung, which were completely resected separately. Two years later, the patient had two independent relapse events, five months apart: a mass in the right tight, and a metastatic tumor in the adrenal gland, together with a relapse in the tight. All tumors were successfully resected. In June 2014, after the last local relapse, adjuvant radiotherapy was started because of the risk of thigh amputation. At the end of treatment, the patient’s general condition was good. Currently, at age 34, the patient is monitored through periodic evaluations, showing disease regression and stabilization.
Conclusions: Currently, it is known that radiation not only produces cytotoxic effects on the target region but also induces an immune system-mediated systemic response with potential antimetastatic properties. Emerging radiobiological paradigms should be considered, particularly since they could explain some encouraging and unexpected results, such as those described in this case.
Successful endoscopic removal of a swallowed toothbrush, a therapeutic challenge. A case report
Authors: Blanco-Avellaneda Camilo de Jesús , Rodríguez-Fajardo Jesús Antonio , Blanco-Inzunza Andrés Fernando 
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Toothbrush swallowing, whether voluntary or accidental, is a rare event and must be handled as an emergency, because these foreign bodies, due to their length and hardness, are not expected to pass completely through the digestive tract and may cause serious complications.
Case presentation: A 22-year-old woman with an eating disorder (bulimia nervosa) involuntarily swallowed a toothbrush while inducing vomiting. Unfortunately, after the initial assessment in the emergency department, and due to the lack of symptoms, her psychiatric history, and the fact the toothbrush was not observed in imaging studies, she was discharged. Due to the patient's insistence that she was telling the truth, she was referred to a secondary healthcare institution by her treating physician, where the successful endoscopic extraction of the toothbrush was performed 36 hours after it was swallowed. The procedure was carried out with the patient under sedation and by experts in digestive extraction who used an overtube, foreign body forceps, and polypectomy loops.
Conclusion: Cases of toothbrush swallowing are rarely reported and occur mainly in people with mental illnesses, such as eating disorders involving self-induced vomiting. Therefore, in these cases, physicians should always believe what these patients say, even in the absence of symptoms and imaging findings, as this enables their timely referral to a digestive service to confirm whether the toothbrush was swallowed or not and to perform the endoscopic extraction as soon as possible, since it can cause serious complications due to its characteristics.