bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A phase 3 trial of azacitidine versus a semi‐intensive fludarabine and cytarabine schedule in older patients with untreated acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Vives Susana , Martínez‐Cuadrón David , Bergua Burgues Juan , Algarra Lorenzo , Tormo Mar , Martínez‐Sánchez María Pilar , Serrano Josefina , Herrera Pilar , Ramos Fernando , Salamero Olga , Lavilla Esperanza , López‐Lorenzo José L. , Gil Cristina , Vidriales Belén , Falantes Jose F. , Serrano Alfons , Labrador Jorge , Sayas María J. , Foncillas María Á. , Amador Barciela María L. , Olave María Teresa , Colorado Mercedes , Gascón Adriana , Fernández María Á. , Simiele Adriana , Pérez‐Encinas Manuel M. , Rodríguez‐Veiga Rebeca , García Olga , Martínez‐López Joaquín , Barragán Eva , Paiva Bruno , Sanz Miguel Á. , Montesinos Pau ,   for the PETHEMA Group
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUNDOptions to treat elderly patients (≥65 years old) newly diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) include intensive and attenuated chemotherapy, hypomethylating agents with or without venetoclax, and supportive care. This multicenter, randomized, open‐label, phase 3 trial was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of a fludarabine, cytarabine, and filgrastim (FLUGA) regimen in comparison with azacitidine (AZA).METHODSPatients (n = 283) were randomized 1:1 to FLUGA (n = 141) or AZA (n = 142). Response was evaluated after cycles 1, 3, 6, and 9. Measurable residual disease (MRD) was assessed after cycle 9. When MRD was ≥0.01%, patients continued with the treatment until relapse or progressive disease. Patients with MRD < 0.01% suspended treatment to enter the follow‐up phase.RESULTSThe complete remission (CR) rate after 3 cycles was significantly better in the FLUGA arm (18% vs 9%; P = .04), but the CR/CR with incomplete recovery rate at 9 months was similar (33% vs 29%; P = .41). There were no significant differences between arms in early mortality at 30 or 60 days. Hematologic toxicities were more frequent with FLUGA, especially during induction. The 1‐year overall survival (OS) rate and the median OS were superior with AZA versus FLUGA: 47% versus 27% and 9.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.6‐14 months) versus 4.1 months (95% CI, 2.7‐5.5 months; P = .005), respectively. The median event‐free survival was 4.9 months (95% CI, 2.8‐7 months) with AZA and 3 months (95% CI, 2.5‐3.5 months) with FLUGA (P = .001).CONCLUSIONSFLUGA achieved more remissions after 3 cycles, but the 1‐year OS rate was superior with AZA. However, long‐term outcomes were disappointing in both arms (3‐year OS rate, 10% vs 5%). This study supports the use of an AZA backbone for future combinations in elderly patients with AML.
Patient tracking during treatment of children with cancer in India – An exploratory study
Authors: Ahuja S , Sharma J , Gupta S , Bakhshi S , Seth R , Singh A , Bagai P , Arora RS 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundAbandonment of treatment, a major cause of treatment failure in low‐ and middle‐income countries like India, is particularly high during the diagnostic and initial phase of treatment. Tracking of patients during this risk period may reduce treatment abandonment rates and increase quality of care.AimThe primary aim was to pilot the use and check the acceptability of a tool for tracking children with cancer in New Delhi during the initial part of their treatment. Secondary aim was to estimate abandonment rates among these patients.MethodsThis prospective study was carried out in two centers of North India in New Delhi and enrolled children less than 18 years diagnosed with cancer at these centers and who had registered with Cankids for social support. Parent support group (PSG) workers maintained contact with the child's family at least once a week for the first 12 weeks. Details of each contact and subsequent action were recorded in a customized book (called “You are not alone” or YANA Book). Descriptive analysis of these contacts was done in Microsoft Excel and presented in frequencies and percentages. The five‐point Likert scale was used to check the acceptability of the tool among the PSG workers.ResultsSeven PSG workers enrolled and tracked 81 patients (73% male with a median age of 6 years). During the 12‐week study period, 986 contacts were attempted and three (3.7%) patients had abandoned their treatment. All PSG workers strongly agreed that the YANA book was simple to understand and use, decreased their workload, and helped provide better assistance to patients.ConclusionThe tool for patient tracking was well accepted by the PSG workers and considered easy to use. We now plan to implement our model as a routine service at all the partnering hospitals in India.
Polymer Electrochemiluminescence Featuring Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence
Authors: Huang Ping , Zhang Baohua , Hu Qiong , Zhao Bolin , Zhu Yunhui , Zhang Yuwei , Kong Yi , Zeng Zihui , Bao Yu , Wang Wei , Cheng Yanxiang , Niu Li 
Published: February 2021

AbstractElectrochemiluminescence (ECL) based on conjugated polymers or oligomers is persistently being pursued owing to its huge application scope ranging from ultra‐sensitive bioanalysis to ultra‐resolution imaging and spectroscopy. Because of the theoretical limit in radiative exciton generation yield (typically ∼25 %) of those polymers or oligomers, the corresponding ECL efficiency is still limited, which hampers its ECL performance and its related applications. Herein, we report ECL based on a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) polymer scaffold, which is characteristic of all‐exciton harvesting in the ECL process, and thus potentially capable of achieving ∼100 % ECL efficiency. These desired properties of the TADF polymer ECL is attributed to a fast and efficient up‐conversion process from non‐radiative triplet to radiative singlet states under thermal activation, which is absent in conventional fluorescent polymers/oligomers, such as F8BT. In this study, various ECL modes, including annihilation or co‐reactant mode using TPrA or S2O82− as co‐reactant, are confirmed for our model TADF polymer ECL system, which was different from fluorescent polymer ECL counterpart. Furthermore, solid‐state ECL sensing on L‐cysteine (an important marker of disease) is also evaluated by using the model TADF polymer. Ultralow detection limit in combination with high sensitivity and good specificity are achieved for this model system, indicative of a high potential of the TADF polymer scaffold for applications in the broad field of ECL.
Sustained Inhibition of Calcineurin Activity With a Melt‐Dose Once‐daily Tacrolimus Formulation in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: Fontova Pere , Colom Helena , Rigo‐Bonnin Raül , Bestard Oriol , Vidal‐Alabró Anna , van Merendonk Lisanne N. , Cerezo Gema , Polo Carolina , Montero Nuria , Melilli Edoardo , Manonelles Anna , Meneghini Maria , Coloma Ana , Cruzado Josep M. , Torras Joan , Grinyó Josep M. , Lloberas Nuria 
Published: February 2021

Tacrolimus (Tac) is the cornerstone calcineurin inhibitor in transplantation. Extended‐release Meltdose formulation (Tac‐LCP) offers better bioavailability compared with immediate‐release formulation (Tac‐IR). We postulated that the less fluctuating pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of Tac‐LCP might maintain a sustained inhibition of calcineurin activity (CNA) between dose intervals. Higher concentrations (peak plasma concentration (Cmax)) after Tac‐IR may not result in a more potent CNA inhibition due to a capacity‐limited effect. This study was aimed at evaluating the pharmacodynamic (PD)/PK profiles of Tac‐IR compared with Tac‐LCP. An open‐label, prospective, nonrandomized, investigator‐driven study was conducted. Twenty‐five kidney transplant recipients receiving Tac‐IR were switched to Tac‐LCP. Before and 28 days after conversion, intensive CNA‐PD and PK sampling were conducted using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem accurate mass spectrometry. PD nonlinear mixed effects model was performed in Phoenix‐WinNonlin. Statistically significant higher Cmax (P < 0.001) after Tac‐IR did not result in lower CNA as compared with after Tac‐LCP (P = 0.860). Tac‐LCP showed a statistically more maintained CNA inhibition between dose intervals (area under the effect‐time curve from 0 to 24 hours (AUE0–24h)) compared with Tac‐IR, in which CNA returned to predose levels after 4 hours of drug intake (373.8 vs. 290.5 pmol RII·h/min·mg prot, Tac‐LCP vs. Tac‐IR; P = 0.039). No correlation was achieved between any PD and PK parameters in any formulations. Moreover, Tac concentration to elicit a 50% of the maximum response (half‐maximal inhibitory concentration) was 9.24 ng/mL. The higher Cmax after Tac‐IR does not result in an additional CNA inhibition compared with Tac‐LCP attributable to a capacity‐limited effect. Tac‐LCP may represent an improvement of the PD of Tac due to the more sustained CNA inhibition during dose intervals.
Confirmatory factor and measurement invariance analyses of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire in sexual minority men and women
Authors: Klimek Patrycja , Convertino Alexandra D. , Pennesi Jamie‐Lee , Gonzales Manuel , Roesch Scott C. , Nagata Jason M. , Blashill Aaron J. 
Published: February 2021

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the factor structure of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q) in a large sample of cisgender sexual minority men and women, and subsequently, to evaluate measurement invariance by gender.MethodThe sample consisted of 962 sexual minority adult men (n = 479) and women (n = 483) who completed online self‐report surveys. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using two previously supported factor structures (Friborg et al.'s four‐factor model and Grilo et al.'s brief three‐factor model) as well as the original four‐factor structure of the EDE‐Q.ResultsResults indicated that the best fitting models were Friborg et al.'s four‐factor model (CFI = .974, RMSEA = .098, SRMR = .0 70) and Grilo et al.'s brief three‐factor model (CFI = .999, RMSEA = .049, SRMR = .017). The model fit of both factor structures were nearly identical when examined separately for men and women. The original four‐factor structure could not be supported in this sample. Measurement invariance analyses further indicated that the best fitting models were invariant by gender in sexual minority individuals. Internal consistency was adequate for all subscales of Friborg et al.'s and Grilo et al.'s models.DiscussionThe present study provides support for the use of the EDE‐Q in sexual minority men and women. Additionally, findings demonstrate that the EDE‐Q performs similarly in sexual minority men and women. Future research is needed to further evaluate measurement invariance of the EDE‐Q by sexual orientation, gender identity, and race.
Synthesis and Chiroptical Properties of Quinoxaline‐Fused Polyaza[5]–[7]helicenes with Orange‐Color CPL Emissions
Authors: Otani Takashi , Sasayama Takuma , Horiuchi Masashi , Okauchi Shunnosuke , Kawai Hidetoshi , Kitahara Maho , Imai Yoshitane , Shibata Takanori 
Published: February 2021

AbstractWe achieved a two‐type synthesis of quinoxaline‐fused polyaza[5]‐ and [7]helicenes through consecutive N−H/C−H coupling with a hypervalent iodine reagent as a key reaction. By fusing electron‐deficient quinoxaline, these polyazahelicenes constitute an efficient donor‐acceptor type of molecule with absorption edges that reach up to approximately 650 nm. Evaluating the chiroptical properties reveals that the polyazahelicene exhibits a rare orange circularly polarized glow with a luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum value) of 0.003.
Reformulating the value proposition of water in agriculture under changing conditions*
Authors: Waalewijn Pieter 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAgri‐water holds the key for many of the world's most profound development issues, if the sector is willing and able to rethink its responses. The sector is far from addressing these challenges and needs to reformulate its metrics of success along broad development objectives in light of the water, jobs, food and climate crises. Sector interventions and reforms need to be placed on a more outcome‐oriented trajectory. This includes sustaining water resources through the irrigation sector, and attuning water services to changing agricultural needs. It requires a fundamental shift towards service delivery as the core focus of institutional reform in large‐scale irrigation, a recognition of, and support to, farmer‐driven irrigation development in diverse circumstances, and an action‐oriented approach to bring this vision into practice at systems level. This paper presents the World Bank water strategy and points of emphasis for action, and calls for programmatic approaches to work towards this vision and transformation of the sector to meet today's and future challenges.
A splicing LMNA mutation causing laminopathies accompanied by aortic valve malformation
Authors: Tao Jingwen , Duan Jialin , Pi Xiu , Wang Hong , Li Sheng 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundLaminopathies caused by LMNA gene mutations are characterized by different clinical manifestations. Among them, cardiac involvement is one of the most severe phenotypes.Case presentationA 30‐year‐old man visited the hospital because of palpitations, shortness of breath, and fatigue. He also had muscular dystrophy, joint contractures, scoliosis, and mild dysphagia. A novel de novo heterozygous LMNA splice variant (c.810+1G>T) with dilated cardiomyopathy, Emery–Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, and progressive cardiac conduction defect was identified by genetic analysis. The patient also presented with congenital aortic valve malformation, which has never been reported in laminopathies.ConclusionsThe LMNA mutation (c.810+1G>T) was identified for the first time, enriching the mutation spectrum of the LMNA gene. The correlation between an LMNA mutation and congenital aortic valve malformation deserves further study.
“Here I can just be myself”: How youth and adults collaboratively develop an identity‐safe community across difference
Authors: Rubin Jennifer D. , Scanlon Mike , Cechony Anna , Chen Katharine 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the development of identity safety—where all participants are valued, included, and can engage without fear of stigmatization—among underrepresented youth and adults in a community‐based youth development program. Qualitative in‐depth interviews were conducted daily with three youth and two adult mentors about their experiences in the program (a total of 32 interviews). Data analysis revealed that participants developed identity safety through engaging in programmatic activities that explored youth's identities, practicing authenticity in daily interactions, and facilitating dynamic communication across intergenerational friendships. Participants described sustaining identity safety through formal social support spaces, mutual support in group settings, and peer support. Ultimately, these experiences set the foundation for youth and adults to engage in positive risk‐taking and self‐reflection. Implications for researchers and youth development programs are discussed.
Learning in the library: A national study of youth services public library workers
Authors: Colvin Sharon , White Annie M. , Akiva Thomas 
Published: February 2021

AbstractAimsThis study aims to interrogate the occupational identity of youth services public library workers across the United States and to understand specifically how this study is related to the learning ecosystem. Public library workers, especially those who work specifically with youth, are underrepresented in academic literature.MethodWe adapted an interview method that allows participants to explain how they think different stakeholders perceive their work and used it in a digital survey with 306 youth services public library workers.ResultsOverall, the participants described their work as deeply connected to learning, specifically connecting people to resources, facilitating learning activities, and providing a space for learning. This reflects the evolving nature of public library services.ConclusionUnfortunately, many library workers feel significant friction between their own understanding of their job and the views of outside stakeholders. We address this friction and its implications in our recommendations for future research and practice.
Essential oil‐loaded bio‐nanomaterials for sustainable agricultural applications
Authors: Menossi Matías , Ollier Romina P , Casalongué Claudia A , Alvarez Vera A 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThe excessive and indiscriminate use of synthetic agrochemicals and toxic fumigants has become essential in the maximization of agricultural production worldwide. Despite their beneficial roles in the field and during storage, they produce environmental pollution, increasing pesticide/herbicide resistance and destruction of beneficial insects, and placing the health of producers and consumers at risk. This scenario has enabled the development of new scientific approaches focused on alternatives and ecofriendly and safer forms of pest management including the use of botanical products such as plant extracts and essential oils (EOs) with insecticidal action. The application of EOs for pest control presents several advantages: low toxicity and low persistence; biodegradability; high selectivity; no harmful effects on people or crops; and low environmental impact during and after use. Unfortunately, EOs are biologically unstable since they are easily degraded under the action of pH, oxygen, light and moderate temperatures. Generally, they present low aqueous solubility and high volatility. In this sense, nanotechnology represents a potential solution: the loading of EOs in nanostructured systems. The use of biopolymers as nanocarriers not only provides the controlled release of the active ingredient, but also offers the following benefits: biodegradability, biocompatibility, environmental safety, low toxicity and competitive production costs. This review aims at describing the most recent preparation techniques and characterization based on EO‐loaded bio‐nanomaterials. Also, this review highlights studies of novel bio‐nanoformulations and their potential roles in agricultural practices to promote sustainable and ecofriendly cultivation. Finally, we summarize the commercial challenges and limitations related to these promising bio‐nanoformulations. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Myocardial ischemia‐reperfusion induced cardiac extracellular vesicles harbour proinflammatory features and aggravate heart injury
Authors: Ge Xinyu , Meng Qingshu , Wei Lu , Liu Jing , Li Mimi , Liang Xiaoting , Lin Fang , Zhang Yuhui , Li Yinzhen , Liu Zhongmin , Fan Huimin , Zhou Xiaohui 
Published: February 2021

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) curb important biological functions. We previously disclosed that ischemia‐reperfusion (IR) induces increased release of EVs (IR‐EVs) in the heart. However, the role of IR‐EVs in IR pathological process remains poorly understood. Here we found that adoptive transfer of IR‐EVs aggravated IR induced heart injury, and EV inhibition by GW4869 reduced the IR injury. Our in vivo and in vitro investigations substantiated that IR‐EVs facilitated M1‐like polarization of macrophages with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Further, we disclosed the miRNA profile in cardiac EVs and confirmed the enrichment of miRNAs, such as miR‐155‐5p in IR‐EVs compared to EVs from the sham heart (S‐EVs). In particular, IR‐EVs transferred miR‐155‐5p to macrophages and enhanced the inflammatory response through activating JAK2/STAT1 pathway. Interestingly, IR‐EVs not only boosted the local inflammation in the heart, but even triggered systemic inflammation in distant organs. Taken together, we newly identify an IR‐EVs–miR‐155‐5p–M1 polarization axis in the heart post IR. The EVs derived from IR‐injured heart contribute to both local and systemic inflammation. Importantly, EV inhibition by GW4869 is supposed to be a promising therapeutic strategy for IR injury.
Safety and effectiveness of edoxaban in Japanese patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Final report of a two‐year postmarketing surveillance study (ETNA‐AF‐Japan)
Authors: Yamashita Takeshi , Koretsune Yukihiro , Nagao Tomoko , Shiosakai Kazuhito 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackgroundDirect oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are the recommended first‐line therapy for ischemic stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). However, the safety and effectiveness of edoxaban for this indication requires monitoring over the long term in real‐world settings.MethodsETNA‐AF‐Japan (trial no. UMIN000017011) was a prospective, multicenter observational study (part of postmarketing surveillance in Japan). NVAF patients due to receive edoxaban to prevent ischemic stroke were enrolled between 13 April 2015 and 30 September 2017.ResultsA total of 11 569 patients were enrolled. For the 11 111 patients (female, 40.6%) whose data comprised the safety analysis set, age, body weight, creatinine clearance (CLcr), and CHADS2 score were 74.2 ± 10.0 years, 60.0 ± 12.7 kg, 63.9 ± 25.8 mL/min, and 2.2 ± 1.3, respectively (mean ± SD). The majority (86.3%) received edoxaban in accordance with package insert information. The mean duration of treatment was 561.9 ± 261.2 days. The annual incidence (95% confidence interval) of all bleeding events and major bleeding events was 5.60% (5.25%–5.98%) and 1.02% (0.88%–1.18%), respectively. The annual incidence of ischemic stroke (excluding transient ischemic attack, TIA) or systemic embolism was 1.08% (0.93%–1.25%). Multivariate analysis showed low body weight, low CLcr, history of gastrointestinal bleeding, anemia, and use of an antiplatelet agent to be associated with major bleeding, and history of ischemic stroke or TIA, vascular disease, and antiplatelet agent use to be associated with ischemic stroke (excluding TIA) or systemic embolism.ConclusionsThese results provide real‐world evidence for the long‐term good safety and effectiveness profile of edoxaban in Japanese NVAF patients under clinical practice.
Online Ratings and Perceptions of Pediatric Otolaryngologists
Authors: Chua Janice T. , Nguyen Emily , Risbud Adwight , Soltanzadeh‐Zarandi Sina , Lee Ariel , Jamshidi Shahrnaz , Bayginejad Soha , Abouzari Mehdi 
Published: February 2021

Objective/HypothesisTo assess and characterize online ratings and comments on pediatric otolaryngologists and determine factors that correlate with higher ratings.Study DesignOnline database analysis.MethodsAll American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology (ASPO) members were queried on Healthgrades, Vitals, RateMDs, and Yelp for their online ratings and comments as of June 2020. Ratings were normalized for comparison on a five‐point Likert scale. All comments were categorized based on context and positive or negative quality.ResultsOf the 561 ASPO members, 489 (87%) were rated on at least one online platform. Of those rated, 410 (84%) were on Healthgrades, 429 (88%) on Vitals, 236 (48%) on RateMDs, and 72 (15%) on Yelp. Across all platforms, the average overall rating was 4.13 ± 0.03 (range, 1.00–5.00). We found significant positive correlations between overall ratings and specific ratings (P < .001) on all individual topics. In addition, the majority of all narrative comments were related to perceived physician bedside manner and clinical outcome, with negative comments correlating negatively with overall score (P < .05). Time spent with the physician was the only category in which both positive and negative comments showed significant correlation with the overall physician rating (P = .016 and P = .017, respectively). Attending a top‐ranked medical school or residency program did not correlate with higher or lower ratings.ConclusionsOnline ratings and comments for pediatric otolaryngologists are largely influenced by patient and parent perceptions of physician competence, comforting bedside manner, and office and time management.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 131:2356–2360, 2021