bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection and identification of the virus Grapevine Leaf Roll-Associated Virus of the vine in the vineyards of the Odessa region
Authors: Konup A. , Chistyakova V. , Konup L. , Nikolaeva N. 
Published: January 2021

Goal. Detection of viral disease of the vine — twisting leaves in the vineyards in the Odessa region, as well as identification of the causative agents of this disease.
Methods. Examination of grape plantations for the presence of symptoms of viral diseases. To identify the virus twisting the leaves of the vine and identify its serotypes used molecular-biological method of polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription (RT-PCR) and detection using gel electrophoresis.
Results. In the Odessa region, bushes of grape plants were found with characteristic symptoms of leaf curling, namely leaf blade curling, leaf color change from green to yellow in white-berry grape varieties and from green to red in red-berry. Identification of leaf twisting pathogens showed the presence of the 1st and 3rd serotypes of the vine twisting virus. It was established that among all the identified serotypes of the virus of twisting the leaves of the vine the most common is the 3rd serotype. Grape bushes of the Odessa black variety were also found with symptoms that are not typical for a curling virus. Using RT-PCR, a virus of the 9th serotype was identified that had not previously been seen in the vineyards of southern Ukraine.
Conclusion. As a result of a phytosanitary of grape plantations in the Odessa region, a viral grapevine disease, twisting of leaves, was revealed. Using RT-PCR with gel electrophoretic detection, it was established that the grape plants were infected with the virus of twisting the leaves of the vine of the 1st and 3rd serotypes. For the first time identified the 9th serotype of the virus twisting the leaves of grapes on grape plantations in the Odessa region.
Characteristics growth of mycelium of mushroom shiitake Lentinula Edodes (Berk.) Pegler in vitro
Authors: Ivanova T. , Voloschuk N. 
Published: January 2021

Goal. The purpose of this work is to study the growth of the mycelium of the fungus Lentinula Edodes (Berk.) Pegler on nutrient media of different composition and also to study the features of the use of Avatar-1 micro fertilizer and sodium selenite.
Methods. Biotechnological research methods. Sodium selenite (Na2S eO3) at a concentration of 1.0 mmol / l was also used. Pure culture of the mushrooms had a very dense structure and white color. In our work, we used biotechnological methods — obtain this by subculturing the L. edodes strain in vitro; microbiological methods — obtaining pure culture of the fungus, the study of the cultural properties of the colonies. We set the pH value (pH) of nutrient media at the beginning and at the end of incubation. We applied mycological methods to measure the speed, density of growth and dry mass of mycelium. we used the light microscopy method. We performed statistical data processing.Method of light microscopy.
Results. The experiments showed about acceleration of mycelial growth, mass and the greatest yield of mycelium L. edodes were on a nutrient medium with microfertilizer Avatar-1. In the experiment, it was found that the maximum overgrowth of the medium by mycelium occurs at 7 days. We have been proved that in the «Avatar-1» nutrient medium there was an increase and consolidation of bifurcated hyphae and buckles of L. edodes. There was even germination of mycelium that did not have too thin or thick hyphae. The dependence of growth rate on the type of nutrient medium. Also, the of doses of the drug, which effectively influences the technology of obtaining primary mycelium L. edodes.
Conclusions. The dependence of the growth rate on the type of nutrient medium, the dose administration rate, as well as the cultivation regimes, that effectively influence and cheapen the technology of obtaining the primary mycelium L. edodes is demonstrated.
Gratitude Strategies as Pragmatic Parameter of Filipino Pre-Service Teachers’ Identity
Authors: Salayo Juland 
Published: January 2021

This study investigated the common gratitude strategies in different situations, which permeated indebtedness as a way of shaping pre-service teachers' identity. Using a 15-item Discourse Completion Test (DCT), 22 pre-service teachers in the Province of Cavite, Philippines participated in this study. An informal interview was conducted to validate the gathered data from the instrument used. The analysis was done through the use of Cheng's (2005) taxonomy of gratitude expressions, which include eight (8) strategies: thanking, appreciation, repayment, recognition of imposition, apology, positive feeling, alerter, and other non-taxonomy-based expressions. The results revealed that the respondents highly employed the use of 'simple thanking,' which reflects the simplicity and directness of the Filipino linguistic choice in making responses on various occasions. It was also found out that aside from the taxonomy-based thanking schemes, the respondents also used combined strategies and the 'no-response' strategy. Supported by Woodward’s identity theory, the identified gratitude strategies, as an illocutionary speech act, built the participants’ identities with an implication to their relational and socio-cultural patterns of language.
Pengaruh Penyuluhan Metode Fast Terhadap Pengetahuan Perawat Dalam Deteksi Dini Penyakit Stroke Di Desa Taccorong Kabupaten Bulukumba
Authors: Haerati  , Nurlina  
Published: January 2021

The understanding of stroke grievance, exactly in the high-risk category (hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and other vascular cases and diabetes) needed to be shared. To know and detect the stroke happen, we could use the F-A-S-T method. The aim of this research was to know the effect of FAST method observation on the nurses' understanding of detecting early stroke disease in Desa Binaan KabupatenBulukumba.The populations of this research were all the nurses in Desa Binaan KabupatenBulukumba with 30 people. The sample of this research used all the total populations. The sampling technique was total sampling. This research was quantitative research with the pre experimental research design. The type of the test used was the Wilcoxon test in which the result of the pre-test was 27 respondents (90.0%) nurses' understanding in the low-level category and 0 respondents (0.0%) in the fair level of understanding while in the post-test, there were 13 (43.3%) respondents with the fair level of understanding and 9 respondents (30,0%) with the good level of understanding. The conclusion of this research was there was the effect of FAST method observation toward the nurses' understanding in detecting early stroke disease in Desa Binaan Kabupaten Bulukumba The suggestion for this research was the findings of this research could be a reference and improve the students' understanding, added information and input for all the medical staff to improve the quality of health services and the further research was needed.
Assessment Hormonal Disorders of Women in Oral and Vaginal Changes
Authors: Karama M.T AL-Nuaimy  
Published: January 2021

Hormonal deficiencies may contribute to the development of abnormalities of oral and vaginal tissues, such
as pain, desquamation, recurrent oral, vaginal ulceration and delayed post-surgical healing .This study was
done to determine the differences of cell activity in oral and vaginal mucosa .
A total of 200 females of different age groups were used in this study Oral smears were obtained from the
buccal mucosa by scraping the area gently using a wooden tongue depressor while vaginal smears were
obtained from the proximal portion of the lateral wall of the vagina using Ayre’s spatula by scraping the area
gently . In order to find to change in mucosa during different phases of menstrual cycle .
In two groups the present results revealed that vaginal cytological patterns of each group is similar to the
oral cytological pattern with some differences .
In conclusion significant correlation between the hormonal fluctuations in woman and the degree of
maturation of their oral epithelium was revealed in this study .
Assessment of Child Complications Related to Fluids and Electrolyte Disorders in Babel Hospital for Mothers and Children in AL-Hilla City
Authors: Abdul Mahdi A. Hassan  
Published: January 2021

This is a descriptive study aimed at assessing children’s complications related to fluid and electrolyte
disorders. Data were collected in Babel Hospital for Maternal Children through a questionnaire model and
data analysis by frequency and percentage, the results showed that (86%) of children lose their appetite,
while (14%) They do not lose their appetite, results also show (72%) suffer from diarrhea, while (28%) do
not suffer from diarrhea, as results show (20%) suffer from dry mouth, while (80%) do not suffer from dry
mouth, The results also show (10%) suffer from syncope, (90%) do not suffer from syncope.
Objectives: Evaluation of complications related to fluid disturbances with electricity in the child.
Knowing the demographic characteristics of young children who suffer from fluids in disorders such as age,
number of children in the family, and number of children in the family.
Methodology: A descriptive study used to assess complications related to a fluid electrolyte disorder for
a young child. This study was conducted at Baby and Mother Hospital of Babel during the period (5/2 /
2019_3 / 6/2019).
A purposeful sample of (50) children, and the study was proven by a committee in the College of Nursing.
Statistical SPSS was used to analyze the results of this study
Results: According to the interpretation and discussion of the study results, (72%) of the children had
diarrhea (48%) of the children had vomiting. (62%) are dependent on artificial feeding, (34%) of children
have experienced accidents or fall from a height.
Factors affecting success in intrauterine insemination cycles; 2-year single center experience
Authors: KALE İbrahim , BAYIK Rahime , ULUUTKU Gizem Berfin , ERGİN Başak 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the success rates of intrauterine insemination cycles due to ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate and gonadotropins, and to identify factors associated with successful outcomes in women with unexplained infertility and ovulatory dysfunction.
Material and Methods: Between June 2017 and October 2019, 223 intrauterine insemination cycle records were scanned retrospectively in 152 infertile couples diagnosed with ovulatory dysfunction or unexplained infertility.
Result: A total of 33 positive pregnancy test results were obtained, which had shown a pregnancy success rate of 14.8%. Pregnancy success rate in Gonadotropin IUI (Intrauterine Insemination) cycles was found as 16.6% and pregnancy success rate in CC (Clomiphene Citrate) IUI cycles was found as 9.3%. While it has been detected that smoking has had a negative effect on IUI success rate for the infertile population with ovulatory dysfunction and unexplained infertility (p=0.012); factors such as female age, BMI (Body mass index), infertility span, basal FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone), basal LH (Luteinizing Hormone), basal estradiol levels and trigger-day endometrial thickness were found to have no correlation with IUI success rate at all.
A Semianalytic Model of the Pairwise Velocity Distribution between Dark Matter Halos
Authors: Shirasaki Masato , Huff Eric M. , Markovic Katarina , Rhodes Jason D. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We study the probability distribution function (PDF) of relative velocity between two different dark matter halos (i.e., pairwise velocity) with high-resolution cosmological N-body simulations. We revisit a non-Gaussian framework to predict pairwise velocity statistics developed in Tinker. We investigate the pairwise velocity PDFs over a wide range of halo masses of 1012.5 ≲ M [h
−1
M
⊙] ≲ 1015 and redshifts of 0 < z < 1. At a given set of masses, redshift, and separation length between two halos, our model requires three parameters to set the pairwise velocity PDF, whereas previous non-Gaussian models in the literature assumed four or more free parameters. At length scales of 5 < r [h
−1 Mpc] < 40, our model predicts the mean and dispersion of the pairwise velocity for dark matter halos with masses of 1012.5 ≲ M [h
−1
M
⊙] ≲ 1013.5 at 0.3 < z < 1 with a 5%-level precision. We demonstrate that our model of the pairwise velocity PDF provides an accurate mapping of the two-point clustering of massive-galaxy-sized halos at scales of O(10)h
−1 Mpc between redshift and real space for a given real-space correlation function. For a mass-limited halo sample with masses greater than 1013.5
h
−1
M
⊙ at z = 0.55, our model can explain the monopole and quadrupole moments of the redshift-space two-point correlations with a precision better than 5% at the scales of 5−40 and 10–30 h
−1 Mpc, respectively. Our model of the pairwise velocity PDF will give a detailed explanation of the statistics of massive galaxies at intermediate scales in redshift surveys.
Observations of the Disk/Jet Coupling of MAXI J1820+070 during Its Descent to Quiescence
Authors: Shaw A. W. , Plotkin R. M. , Miller-Jones J. C. A. , Homan J. , Gallo E. , Russell D. M. , Tomsick J. A. , Kaaret P. , Corbel S. , Espinasse M. , Bright J. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Black hole X-ray binaries in the quiescent state (Eddington ratios typically ≲10−5) display softer X-ray spectra (photon indices Γ ∼ 2) compared to higher-luminosity black hole X-ray binaries in the hard state (Γ ∼ 1.7). However, the cause of this softening and its implications for the underlying accretion flow are still uncertain. Here, we present quasi-simultaneous X-ray and radio spectral monitoring of the black hole X-ray binary MAXI J1820+070 during the decay of its 2018 outburst and of a subsequent reflare in 2019, providing an opportunity to monitor a black hole X-ray binary as it actively transitions into quiescence. We probe 1–10 keV X-ray luminosities as low as L
X ∼ 4 × 1032 erg s−1, equivalent to Eddington fractions of ∼4 × 10−7. During its decay toward quiescence, the X-ray spectrum of MAXI J1820+070 softens from Γ ∼ 1.7 to Γ ∼ 2, with the softening taking ∼30 days and completing at L
X ≈ 1034 erg s−1 (≈10−5
L
Edd). While the X-ray spectrum softens, the radio spectrum generally remains flat or inverted throughout the decay. We also find that MAXI J1820+070 follows a radio (L
R)–X-ray luminosity correlation of the form L
R ∝ L
X
0.52±0.07, making it the fourth black hole system to follow the so-called “standard track” unbroken over several (in this case, four) decades in L
X. Comparing the radio/X-ray spectral evolution(s) with the L
R–L
X plane, we find that the X-ray softening is consistent with X-rays produced by Comptonization processes in a radiatively inefficient accretion flow. We generally disfavor X-ray emission originating solely from within the jet, with the possible exception of X-rays produced via synchrotron self-Compton processes.
Shadows in the Dark: Low-surface-brightness Galaxies Discovered in the Dark Energy Survey
Authors: Tanoglidis D. , Drlica-Wagner A. , Wei K. , Li T. S. , Sánchez J. , Zhang Y. , Peter A. H. G. , Feldmeier-Krause A. , Prat J. , Casey K. , Palmese A. , Sánchez C. , DeRose J. , Conselice C. , Gagnon L. , Abbott T. M. C. , Aguena M. , Allam S. , Avila S. , Bechtol K. , Bertin E. , Bhargava S. , Brooks D. , Burke D. L. , Rosell A. Carnero , Kind M. Carrasco , Carretero J. , Chang C. , Costanzi M. , Costa L. N. da , Vicente J. De , Desai S. , Diehl H. T. , Doel P. , Eifler T. F. , Everett S. , Evrard A. E. , Flaugher B. , Frieman J. , García-Bellido J. , Gerdes D. W. , Gruendl R. A. , Gschwend J. , Gutierrez G. , Hartley W. G. , Hollowood D. L. , Huterer D. , James D. J. , Krause E. , Kuehn K. , Kuropatkin N. , Maia M. A. G. , March M. , Marshall J. L. , Menanteau F. , Miquel R. , Ogando R. L. C. , Paz-Chinchón F. , Romer A. K. , Roodman A. , Sanchez E. , Scarpine V. , Serrano S. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Smith M. , Suchyta E. , Tarle G. , Thomas D. , Tucker D. L. , Walker A. R. ,   (DES Collaboration)
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We present a catalog of 23,790 extended low-surface-brightness galaxies (LSBGs) identified in

from the first three years of imaging data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). Based on a single-component Sérsic model fit, we define extended LSBGs as galaxies with g-band effective radii

and mean surface brightness

. We find that the distribution of LSBGs is strongly bimodal in (g − r) versus (g − i) color space. We divide our sample into red (g − i ≥ 0.60) and blue (g − i < 0.60) galaxies and study the properties of the two populations. Redder LSBGs are more clustered than their blue counterparts and are correlated with the distribution of nearby (z < 0.10) bright galaxies. Red LSBGs constitute ∼33% of our LSBG sample, and

of these are located within 1° of low-redshift galaxy groups and clusters (compared to ∼8% of the blue LSBGs). For nine of the most prominent galaxy groups and clusters, we calculate the physical properties of associated LSBGs assuming a redshift derived from the host system. In these systems, we identify 41 objects that can be classified as ultradiffuse galaxies, defined as LSBGs with projected physical effective radii

and central surface brightness

. The wide-area sample of LSBGs in DES can be used to test the role of environment on models of LSBG formation and evolution.
FUV Observations of the Inner Coma of 46P/Wirtanen
Authors: Noonan John W. , Harris Walter M. , Bromley Steven , Farnocchia Davide , Li 李 Jian-Yang 荐扬 , Mandt Kathleen E. , Parker Joel Wm. , Venkataramani Kumar , Bodewits Dennis 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Far-ultraviolet observations of comets yield information about the energetic processes that dissociate the sublimated gases from their primitive surfaces. Understanding which emission processes are dominant, their effects on the observed cometary spectrum, and how to properly invert the spectrum back to the composition of the presumably pristine surface ices of a comet nuclei are all critical components for proper interpretation and analysis of comets. The close approach of comet 46P/Wirtanen in 2018–2019 provided a unique opportunity to study the innermost parts of a cometary coma with the Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Origins Spectrograph, rarely accessible with remote observations, at length scales (hundreds of kilometers) and wavelengths (900–1430 Å) previously probed only by the European Space Agency’s Rosetta spacecraft. Our observations show a complex picture for the inner coma; atomic production rates for H and O that show water is the dominant source of both, an abundance of atomic sulfur that is difficult to explain with the lifetimes of common sulfur parent molecules, and a density distribution that is poorly fit with both Haser and vectorial models.
Contribution to the knowledge of the arthropods community inhabiting the winter-flooded meadows (marcite) of northern Italy
Authors: Della Rocca Francesca , Stefanelli Silvia , Cardarelli Elisa , Bogliani Giuseppe , Bracco Francesco 
Published: January 2021

Flooded semi-natural grasslands are endangered ecosystems throughout Europe. In Italy, amongst flooded meadows, one special type called “marcita” is strongly threatened. It is a stable flooded grassland used to produce green forage even during winter months due to the thermal properties of water coming from springs and fountains that prevent the soil from freezing. To date, some research has been carried out to investigate the role of themarcitafor ornithological and herpetological communities. However, no comprehensive data on invertebrates inhabiting this particular biotope available. The aim of this study was to characterise the terrestrial entomological community of these typical winter-flooded meadows in northern Italy and, in particular, in sixmarcitafields located in the Ticino Valley Regional Park. We collected data on species richness and diversity of Carabidae, Staphylinidae, Araneae, Lepidoptera and Orthoptera inhabitingmarcitaduring the summers of 2014 and 2015 and data on overwintering Coleoptera during the winter of 2014-2015. Amongst the collected species, we identified those highly linked to this habitat.We found a total of 47 ground beetle species, 35 rove beetle species, 29 spider species, one Lucanidae, 16 butterfly species and 24 grasshopper and cricket species. Most of the species were collected during the summers of 2014 and 2015, while some others were also, or exclusively, overwintering (17 ground beetles, four rove beetles and one Lucanidae) and were collected during the winter of 2014-2015.Marcitafields hosted specialised species and species typical of hygrophilous habitats, amongst which are included the butterflyLycaena dispar, the ground beetleDolichus halensisand the grasshopperChrysochraon dispar. This study represents the first contribution to the knowledge of terrestrial arthropod communities associated with this particular type of winter-irrigated meadow in Europe and confirms the importance of this biotope for invertebrate conservation in agricultural landscapes.
Suggested modifications in oncology/hematology inpatient service in Saudi Arabia during coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
Authors: Elsamany Shereef , Hassanin Fayza , Al-Abdulwahab Amal , Tashkandi Emad 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackground: Management of cancer patients in the current era of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses significant challenges on health-care systems. However, it is mandatory to keep the required level of care of cancer patients while taking the necessary precautions to maintain the safety of both patients and health-care professionals (HCPs). The present survey explores suggested modifications of inpatient oncology/hematology care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: A web-based questionnaire using SurveyMonkey was distributed to HCPs taking care of inpatient hematology/oncology service including oncologists, hematologists, and inpatient nurses in Saudi Arabia. The 25 items selected for the survey focused on five domains including characteristics of HCPs, COVID-19 infection risk among admitted patients, possible modifications related to physicians/nursing practice, and suggested infection control measures. Clinical sensibility assessment was conducted to evaluate the comprehensiveness, clarity, and face validity of our instrument on a scale of 1–5. The percentages of HCP responses to the suggested modifications in the survey were assessed in descriptive statistics to summarize data and report views of participants. Results: Of 215 HCPs, 195 responded and completed the survey. Of the respondents, 30.4% were medical oncologists, whereas hematologists and nurses constituted 6.7% and 62.9% of the participants, respectively. The majority of respondents (87.6%) work in governmental hospitals. The majority of participants (82%) have diagnosed patients with COVID-19 in their hospitals and modifications in inpatient practice during the COVID-19 pandemic were supported by 95% of respondents. The supported modifications by participants include enhanced use of oral medications (83.5%), phone calls to admitted stable patients by physicians, instead of physical interview (77%), decreasing frequency of vital signs assessment in stable patients (91%), decreasing the duration of stay in patients rooms (89%), using peripheral instead of central lines (76%), using video-based educational materials to patients through hospital TV network (91%), testing for COVID -19 before scheduled radiology imaging and procedures (74%), and performing routine nasopharyngeal swabs for HCPs (67%). Conclusion: Several modifications in inpatient oncology/hematology practice were supported by the survey participants. These suggestions need to be discussed on local basis considering local infrastructure, available resources, and level of required care.