bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Characteristics of Flocs Produced via Leachate Electrocoagulation using Stationary and Vibration Electrode Plates
Authors: Tarmizi Tasnim , Muhammad Niza Ir Dr Noorzalila 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The microbubbles produced during electrocoagulation (EC) are important as they attract colloids, destabilise to flocculate, and carry them up to the surface, where they can be easily removed. The structure of the flocs continuously changes throughout the different stages of flocculation. Therefore, although the mechanisms of electrolytic microbubble adhesion and flotation warrant closer examination, not many studies have examined them. As such, the present study compared the structure and chemical composition of flocs formed via EC with stationary electrode plates (SEPs) and vibrating electrode plates (VEPs) under constant parameters of current intensity (CI)=4.5A, reaction time (t)=50 minutes, pH=5, VEPs=2.8V, and SEPs=0V. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to compare the characteristics of the flocs’ structure. The SEM images provided detailed visualisations of the flocs’ morphology, specifically, that the structure of the flocs produced via VEPs were denser and more intricate. This could be because the higher mechanical energy was more effective at particle destabilisation and aggregation. The EDX results were significant for EC using VEPs and SEPs for carbon (C), oxygen (O), sodium (Na), chlorine (Cl), and potassium (K). Higher concentrations of aluminium (Al) were detected post-VEP as agitation helps the aggregated flocs to float to the surface of the solution. Lastly, the results of the FTIR analysis indicate the presence of functional groups related to organic and inorganic constituents in the leachate. In overall, this study is reported that VEPs undergoes better results in comparison to SEPs due to pollutant particles are easily to be removed by achieving optimum parameters has been applied in this study.
Perception on integrated energy services’ design and management among residents in China
Authors: Xiangyu Xu , Syadia Zainordin Nazatul , Hamzah Sharaai Amir , Nor Rahimah Nik Ab Rahim Nik 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Integrated energy services (IES) in China provide the residents with efficient multiple energy supply services through safe and reliable design. The aim of this study is to determine Chinese residents’ perception on IES energy planning and design, as well as the operation and maintenance. By distributing questionnaires to 450 Chinese residents, socio-demographic data, and information on IES design and management were collected. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize the data, while the Mann-Whitney U analysis and Kruskal-Wallis analysis were conducted to identify significant differences between different groups. The results of the descriptive analysis show that residents generally agree with the energy services that IES providers should provide. However, in Tianjin, young people and middle-income residents hold neutral perceptions. The Mann-Whitney U and the Kruskal-Wallis analysis results show that there are significant differences in the perception of IES in gender, marital status, ages, occupations, and income salaries. Gender differences are reflected in the emphasis on the importance of residents  opinions in energy design and attention to the diverse needs of energy forms; differences in marital status and residents  differences in family life planning; age differences are reflected in the concern for the innovation and stability of energy services; occupational differences are reflected in concerns about the rationality and practicality of energy services; while income differences are mainly reflected in the need for a balance between affordability and quality of energy services. However, educational background did not significantly influence respondents  perceptions. Analyzing the perception of different residents on IES and the reasons behind differences can help IES providers improve the quality of energy services and provide residents with more efficient and reliable energy services.
Catalytic Efficiency of Calcium Oxide Catalyst doped with Magnesium in Biodiesel Transesterification from Recycled Cooking Oil
Authors: Zulkurnain Nursyamimi , Fathiah Ahmad Aisyah , Jamal Mat Rosid Salmiah , Azid Azman , Toemen Susilawati , Nazwanie Wan Abdullah Wan , Mat Rosid Sarina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The rising demand for alternative fuels due to the depletion of diesel oil has accelerated biodiesel production, primarily synthesized through base-catalyzed transesterification. In this study, recycled cooking oil was used as the feedstock, with an alumina-supported calcium oxide catalyst doped with magnesium (Ca/Mg/Al2O3), synthesized via the wet impregnation method, serving as the heterogeneous base catalyst. The catalyst optimization involved adjusting calcination temperatures, the dopant-to-base ratio, and reaction times. The optimal conditions were attained with a 10% Mg loading, calcined at 800°C, and a reaction time of one hour. Under these parameters, biodiesel yield reached 48.30%. XRD analysis revealed CaCO3 and MgAl2O4 as the active species on the catalyst surface, while FESEM analysis showed the catalyst’s irregular shape and particle aggregation, contributing to the yield. These findings suggest that the Ca/Mg (90:10)/Al2O3 catalyst is a promising heterogeneous base catalyst with significant potential for biodiesel production.
Seismic assessment of buildings constructed under previous generations of codes
Authors: Boshnakov Krasimir , Kardjiev Vasil 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The primary engineering problem of seismic assessment of existing buildings constructed under previous codes is evaluating their capacitive behavior under seismic actions defined by the codes at construction time to define the rehabilitation necessity. The paper is focused on the methodological aspects of this process. Examples from the practice present the proposed workflow.
Simulating the Non-linear Bond Behaviour of Plain Rebar-Recycled Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Abdulahad Emad , Danhash Ghoson 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The present research is interested in studying the plain rebar–recycled aggregate concrete bond behaviour, where the force-slip curve is obtained using the pull-out test. Five mixes were prepared, varying the replacement ratios of the natural aggregates with recycled ones: 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%. The bond length of the rebar in the concrete was five times the rebar diameter. Fifteen pull-out specimens were cast with 14 [mm] steel plain rebar in the centre of the cubic specimen (150×150×150 mm), three specimens for each mix. The experimental procedure results showed the bond strength decreased, starting from 6% for 25% replacement ratio up to 23% for 100% replacement ratio. A numerical simulation of the pull-out test was performed using finite element method program (ABAQUS), and for describing the concrete behaviour, concrete damage plasticity was adopted in parallel with damage behaviour and cohesive behaviour for describing the interaction between rebar and recycled aggregate concrete. The cohesive behaviour of the rebar-recycled aggregate concrete interaction area was modelled using cohesive behaviour, where the parameters of the cohesive behaviour and the traction-separation behaviour were discussed for verifying the applicability of this property in predicting the rebar-recycled aggregate concrete bond behaviour. The force-slip curve obtained from the numerical simulation model exhibited good agreement with the experimental results.
Changes in daily stress reactivity and changes in physical health across 18 years of adulthood
Authors: Rush Jonathan , Charles Susan T , Willroth Emily C , Cerino Eric S , Piazza Jennifer R , Almeida David M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Stress plays a pivotal role in physical health. Although many studies have linked stress reactivity (daily within-person associations between stress exposure and negative affect) to physical health outcomes, we know surprisingly little about how changes in stress reactivity are related to changes in physical health.

Purpose
The current study examines how change in stress reactivity over 18 years is related to changes in functional health and chronic health conditions.

Methods
Three measurement bursts from the National Study of Daily Experiences (N = 2880; 55% female) each included daily measures of stressor exposure and negative affect across 8 consecutive days, yielding 33 944 days of data across 18 years of adulthood. At each wave, participants reported their functional health limitations (ie, basic activities of daily living [ADL] and instrumental activities of daily living [IADL]) and chronic health conditions. Multilevel structural equation models simultaneously modeled stress reactivity at Level 1, longitudinal changes in stress reactivity at Level 2, and the association between changes in stress reactivity and changes in functional limitations and chronic conditions at Level 3.

Results
Higher levels of stress reactivity at baseline were associated with more functional health limitations 18 years later (ADLs: Est. = 0.90, P = .001; IADLs: Est. = 1.78, P &lt; .001). Furthermore, individuals who increased more in their stress reactivity across the 18-year period also showed greater increases in their functional health limitations (ADLs: Est. = 4.02, P = .017; IADLs: Est. = 5.74, P &lt; .001) and chronic conditions (Est. = 11.17, P = .008).

Conclusions
These findings highlight the strong connection between health and stress in daily life, and how they travel together across adulthood.
Coenzyme Q improves mitochondrial and muscle dysfunction caused by CUG expanded repeats in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Teixeira Joana , Harju Anu-Mari , Othman Alaa , Eriksson Ove , Battersby Brendan J , Garcia Susana M D A 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Expansion of nucleotide repeat sequences is associated with more than 40 human neuromuscular disorders. The different pathogenic mechanisms associated with the expression of nucleotide repeats are not well understood. We use a Caenorhabditis elegans model that expresses expanded CUG repeats only in cells of the body wall muscle and recapitulate muscle dysfunction and impaired organismal motility to identify the basis by which expression of RNA repeats is toxic to muscle function. Here, we performed 2 consecutive RNA interference screens and uncovered coenzyme Q metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction as critical genetic modifiers of the motility phenotype. Furthermore, coenzyme Q supplementation reduced the toxic phenotypes, ameliorating the motility impairment and mitochondrial phenotypes. Together our data show how the expression of expanded RNA repeats can be toxic to mitochondrial homeostasis.
Employment responses to a partner’s disability onset (care shocks’): Do working conditions matter?
Authors: Beaufils Constance , Geiger Ben Baumberg , Glaser Karen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study examines employment responses to a partner’s disability onset and how this is moderated by working conditions: job satisfaction and psychosocial job demands.

Methods
We use longitudinal nationally representative data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging. Following the health shock literature, we identify individuals whose partners report the onset of difficulties in activities of daily living (ADL) or instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) between two waves (n=1,020) as experiencing a ‘care shock’. We combine coarsened exact matching and entropy balancing, and logistic modelling to estimate the impact of such a ‘care shock’ on the probability of leaving paid work, working part-time, changing jobs, or looking for a new job. We also explore the moderating effect of gender and working conditions (i.e., job demands and job satisfaction) on the impact of a ‘care shock’ on work transitions

Results
Our findings show that ‘care shocks’ significantly increase individuals’ likelihood of leaving paid work. This effect is moderated by job demands and job satisfaction. Individuals who report high job demands and job dissatisfaction before the care shock are significantly more likely to leave paid work. In contrast, those with low job demands or job satisfaction show no significant difference in their likelihood of leaving paid work.

Discussion
Our study highlights the role of working conditions in moderating the impact of care shocks on paid work. It informs workplace policies, as our results suggest that adapting working conditions may facilitate participation in the labour market in late career stages.
A TAF11 variant contributes to non-syndromic cleft lip only through modulating neural crest cell migration
Authors: Li Dandan , Tian Yu , Vona Barbara , Yu Xin , Lin Junyan , Ma Lan , Lou Shu , Li Xiaofeng , Zhu Guirong , Wang Yuting , Du Mulong , Wang Lin , Pan Yongchu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The NC_000006.12: g.34887814C&gt;G variant in TAF11 was identified as a potential functional variant in a Chinese pedigree including two non-syndromic cleft lip only (NSCLO) cases. Applying Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), Electrophoretic mobility shift and super-shift assays, we found that the mutant G allele recruited more STAT1 and STAT3, and increased the expression of TAF11. RNA sequencing, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment, ChIP and dual-luciferase reporter assays revealed that TAF11 downregulated CDH1 and CTNND1 in the cell adhesion pathway by binding to their promoter regions and inhibiting transcriptional activities. Alcian blue staining, time-lapse photography, whole-mount in situ hybridization, phospho-Histone H3 immunofluorescence and TUNEL assays indicated that TAF11 and taf11 overexpression (TAF11OE and taf11OE, respectively) contributed to disturbed migration of cranial neural crest cells and abnormal craniofacial development, as well as increased death and deformity rates in zebrafish. In conclusion, a functionally relevant TAF11 variant, affecting cell migration via modulating CDH1 and CTNND1, was associated with etiology of NSCLO.
Combined Sequential Antiretroviral Therapy–Induced Immune Reconstitution Bone Loss and Estrogen Deficiency Bone Loss Are Cumulative in Mice Models
Authors: Dabeer Sadaf , Tripathi Ashish Kumar , Weiss Daiana , Vikulina Tatyana , Ofotokun Ighovwerha , Weitzmann M Neale 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Antiretroviral therapy causes osteoporosis and bone fractures, increasing morbidity and mortality in people with HIV (PWH). Antiretroviral therapy induces immune reconstitution bone loss (IRBL), an inflammatory reaction associated with immune system reactivation. Women represent &gt;50% of PWH, and many are now undergoing menopause, a major cause of postmenopausal osteoporosis that also increases fracture risk. However, the interactions between IRBL and postmenopausal bone loss are poorly understood and were investigated in this study.

Methods
We used a mouse model of IRBL, which was applied simultaneously or sequentially with surgical ovariectomy (Ovx) as a mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Cortical and trabecular bone in vertebrae and femurs was assessed with micro–computed tomography, and bone turnover was quantified by serum markers of bone resorption and formation via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. T-cell production of osteoclastogenic cytokines was analyzed by flow cytometry.

Results
Although simultaneous Ovx and IRBL did not have additive effects, sequential Ovx and IRBL caused cumulative bone loss. Vertebral bone loss from combined Ovx and IRBL (Δ = −42.6 vs control, P &lt; .01) was blunted by the anti-inflammatory agent abatacept (Δ = −13.9 vs control, not significant) and the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (Δ = −8.6 vs control, not significant). Both treatments reduced bone resorption, stimulated formation, and suppressed CD4+ T-cell production of the osteoclastogenic cytokines TNF-α and IL-17A.

Conclusions
Sequential IRBL and postmenopausal bone loss appear to be cumulative. If validated in humans, early screening and prophylaxis could reduce fracture risk in postmenopausal women with HIV. Probiotic therapy may provide a beneficial alternative to pharmacotherapy.
The Persian Translation of Śivapurāṇa and Eighteenth-Century North Indian Śaivism
Authors: Kotler Ayelet 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article examines the Persian translation of the Śivapurāṇa composed in 1730 by Kishan Singh ‘Nashat’. By historically contextualising Nashat’s life and work and closely reading the preface attached to the translation, this study sheds light on hitherto unexplored aspects of eighteenth-century Persianised Hindu scribal communities and their textual production on Hinduism. Against the backdrop of the emerging Persian Vaiṣṇava literature in the eighteenth century, Nashat’s Shiv Puran stands out in its Śaiva devotional sentiment. Through a careful examination of the translation against a range of Sanskrit sources and catalogues of Sanskrit manuscripts, this article further illuminates the muddled history of the textual transmission of the Śivapurāṇa in Sanskrit. Ultimately, this study shows that Persian translations produced by Hindus, outside of the Mughal courtly context, are a rich source for the study of popular Hinduism in the early modern period.
The nuclear sulfenome of Arabidopsis: spotlight on histone acetyltransferase GCN5 regulation through functional thiols
Authors: De Smet Barbara , Yang Xi , Plskova Zuzana , Castell Carmen , Fernández-Fernández Alvaro , Dard Avilien , Masood Jan , Mhamdi Amna , Huang Jingjing , Vertommen Didier , Chan Kai Xun , Pyr dit Ruys Sébastien , Messens Joris , Kerchev Pavel I , Van Breusegem Frank 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In aerobic life forms, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by the partial reduction of oxygen during energy-generating metabolic processes. In plants, ROS production increases during periods of both abiotic and biotic stress, severely overloading the antioxidant systems. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) plays a central role in cellular redox homeostasis and signaling by oxidising crucial cysteines to sulfenic acid, which is considered a biologically relevant post-translational modification (PTM). Until now, the impact of the nucleus on cellular redox homeostasis has been relatively unexplored. The regulation of histone-modifying enzymes by oxidative PTMs at redox-sensitive cysteine or tyrosine residues is particularly intriguing because it allows the integration of redox signaling mechanisms with chromatin control of transcriptional activity. One of the most extensively studied histone acetyltransferases is the conserved GENERAL CONTROL NONDEPRESSIBLE 5 (GCN5) complex. This study investigated the nuclear sulfenome in Arabidopsis thaliana by expressing a nuclear variant of the Yeast Activation Protein-1 (YAP1) probe and identified 225 potential redox-active proteins undergoing S-sulfenylation. Mass spectrometry analysis further confirmed the S-sulfenylation of GCN5 at cysteines 293, 368, and 400, and their functional significance and impact on the GCN5 protein-protein interaction network were assessed using cysteine-to-serine mutagenesis.
Machine learning-optimized targeted detection of alternative splicing
Authors: Yang Kevin , Islas Nathaniel , Jewell San , Wu Di , Jha Anupama , Radens Caleb M , Pleiss Jeffrey A , Lynch Kristen W , Barash Yoseph , Choi Peter S 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) is widely adopted for transcriptome analysis but has inherent biases that hinder the comprehensive detection and quantification of alternative splicing. To address this, we present an efficient targeted RNA-seq method that greatly enriches for splicing-informative junction-spanning reads. Local splicing variation sequencing (LSV-seq) utilizes multiplexed reverse transcription from highly scalable pools of primers anchored near splicing events of interest. Primers are designed using Optimal Prime, a novel machine learning algorithm trained on the performance of thousands of primer sequences. In experimental benchmarks, LSV-seq achieves high on-target capture rates and concordance with RNA-seq, while requiring significantly lower sequencing depth. Leveraging deep learning splicing code predictions, we used LSV-seq to target events with low coverage in GTEx RNA-seq data and newly discover hundreds of tissue-specific splicing events. Our results demonstrate the ability of LSV-seq to quantify splicing of events of interest at high-throughput and with exceptional sensitivity.
The Vsr-like protein FASTKD4 regulates the stability and polyadenylation of the MT-ND3 mRNA
Authors: Yang Xuan , Stentenbach Maike , Hughes Laetitia A , Siira Stefan J , Lau Kelvin , Hothorn Michael , Martinou Jean-Claude , Rackham Oliver , Filipovska Aleksandra 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Expression of the compact mitochondrial genome is regulated by nuclear encoded, mitochondrially localized RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). RBPs regulate the lifecycles of mitochondrial RNAs from transcription to degradation by mediating RNA processing, maturation, stability and translation. The Fas-activated serine/threonine kinase (FASTK) family of RBPs has been shown to regulate and fine-tune discrete aspects of mitochondrial gene expression. Although the roles of specific targets of FASTK proteins have been elucidated, the molecular mechanisms of FASTK proteins in mitochondrial RNA metabolism remain unclear. Therefore, we resolved the structure of FASTKD4 at atomic level that includes the RAP domain and the two FAST motifs, creating a positively charged cavity resembling that of the very short patch repair endonuclease. Our biochemical studies show that FASTKD4 binds the canonical poly(A) tail of MT-ND3 enabling its maturation and translation. The in vitro role of FASTKD4 is consistent with its loss in cells that results in decreased MT-ND3 polyadenylation, which destabilizes this messenger RNA in mitochondria.