bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Host‐Defense‐Peptide‐Mimicking Synthetic Polypeptides Effectively Enhance Antitumor Immunity through Promoting Immunogenic Tumor Cell Death
Authors: Wang Ye , Shen Wei , Liu Shuhan , Zhu Ge , Meng Xiandi , Mao Kuirong , Wang Jialiang , Yang Yong‐Guang , Xiao Chunsheng , Sun Tianmeng 
Published: June 2021

AbstractCancer immunotherapy is to artificially stimulate the immune system against tumor cells. Effectively increasing the immunogenicity of dying tumor cells has great potential to stimulate the anticancer immune responses. Recently, a synthetic cationic anticancer polypeptide (ACPP) is prepared, which mimics the host defense peptides, to effectively inhibit tumor growth by directly inducing rapid necrosis of cancer cells through a membrane‐lytic mechanism. Thus, this ACPP has the potential ability to induce immunogenic cancer cell death (ICD) and promote antitumor immunity. Herein, it is reported that ACPP successfully induces ICD in mouse colon cancer cells, resulting in effectively promoting T‐cell‐dependent antitumor immune responses by enhanced activation of dendritic cells. Interestingly, the level of natural killer cells, which are another kind of antitumor effector cell, in tumor microenvironment is also significantly increased by ACPP. The ratio of M1/M2 tumor‐associated macrophages is further obviously increased, indicating that tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment has been effectively reprogramed. More importantly, it is found that the anticancer immunity induced by ACPP is dose dependent. Finally, 40% of the established CT26 tumors are completely eliminated by ACPP treatment with an optimized dose. This study proposes a simple and effective strategy for promoting cancer immunotherapy.
When doing good will not save us: Revisiting the buffering effect of CSR following service failures
Authors: Antonetti Paolo , Crisafulli Benedetta , Maklan Stan 
Published: June 2021

AbstractPast research offers inconsistent evidence on whether CSR is an effective service recovery strategy. Current debates overlook the signals that service failures send about the company, and their interplay with CSR. We propose a moderated mediation model showing that CSR's effectiveness for service recovery depends upon failure type. For failures signaling a lack of skills and expertise, CSR enhances warmth which in turn lowers revenge. Warmth further increases perceived competence which influences conciliatory responses. CSR, however, does not help if the failure signals a lack of moral integrity. Both warmth and competence explain the CSR's buffering effect. Our study demonstrates that “doing good” helps only to the extent that service failures that do not raise doubts about the character of the company. Even in these circumstances, however, the buffering effect of CSR is observed only in case of customer–firm communal relationships. Consistent evidence from three experiments revisits more optimistic assessments of the ability of CSR to act as a recovery strategy and shows that CSR can help only under very circumscribed conditions. Managerially, we show how and when the CSR buffer applies in service contexts, offering insights on how managers can best reap the potential benefits of service brands' involvement in CSR.
Technical Note: Practical implementation strategies of cycloidal computed tomography
Authors: Roche i Morgó Oriol , Vittoria Fabio , Endrizzi Marco , Olivo Alessandro , Hagen Charlotte K. 
Published: June 2021

PurposeCycloidal computed tomography is a novel imaging concept which combines a highly structured x‐ray beam, offset lateral under‐sampling, and mathematical data recovery to obtain high‐resolution images efficiently and flexibly, even with relatively large source focal spots and detector pixels. The method reduces scanning time and, potentially, delivered dose compared to other sampling schemes. This study aims to present and discuss several implementation strategies for cycloidal computed tomography (CT) in order to increase its ease of use and facilitate uptake within the imaging community.MethodsThe different implementation strategies presented are step‐and‐shoot, continuous unidirectional, continuous back‐and‐forth, and continuous pixel‐wise scanning. In step‐and‐shoot scans the sample remains stationary while frames are acquired, whereas in all other cases the sample moves through the scanner continuously. The difference between the continuous approaches is the trajectory by which the sample moves within the field of view.ResultsAll four implementation strategies are compatible with a standard table‐top x‐ray setup. With the experimental setup applied here, step‐and‐shoot acquisitions yield the best spatial resolution (around 30 µm), but are the most time‐consuming (1.4 h). Continuous unidirectional and back‐and‐forth images have resolution between 30 and 40 µm, and are faster (35 min). Continuous pixel‐wise images are equally time‐efficient, although technical challenges caused a small loss in image quality with a resolution of about 50 µm.ConclusionThe authors show that cycloidal CT can be implemented in a variety of ways with high quality results. They believe this posits cycloidal CT as a powerful imaging alternative to more time‐consuming and less flexible methods in the field.
Robust topology optimization under loading uncertainties via stochastic reduced order models
Authors: Torres Alberto P. , Warner James E. , Aguiló Miguel A. , Guest James K. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAn efficient approach for topology optimization under uncertainty is presented. Stochastic reduced order models (SROMs) are leveraged for the modeling and propagation of uncertainties within a robust topology optimization (RTO) formulation. The SROM approach provides an alternative to existing uncertainty quantification methods and yields a substantial improvement in efficiency over a classical Monte Carlo based approach while retaining similar accuracy when representing the uncertainty in system parameters. In particular, random input parameters can be discrete or continuous and specified either analytically (standard distributions) or numerically (dataset samples). Furthermore, multiple random quantities need not be treated as uncorrelated; an SROM can seamlessly model random vectors with arbitrary correlation structure. The nonintrusive nature of the SROM method yields an implementation that can be seen as a drop‐in replacement for a simple RTO approach that leverages Monte Carlo simulation and is therefore straightforward to implement in existing topology optimization software. The proposed approach is demonstrated in the context of structural topology optimization with uncertainty in applied loads. Several numerical results are presented, covering a range of uncertainty distributions that illustrate the flexibility afforded by the general SROM method, while highlighting the efficiency and accuracy achieved in uncertainty propagation.
Nurses’ attitude towards patient advocacy in a single tertiary care hospital
Authors: Alanezi Fahad Zeed 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimTo determine nurses’ attitude towards patient advocacy in a single tertiary care hospital.DesignDescriptive/analytical cross‐sectional studies.MethodsA comprehensive two‐part questionnaire about nurses’ views on nursing advocacy was administered to 371 nurses using a convenient random sampling. The first part included eight demographic variables, and the second part, the questionnaire, was used to measure nurses’ attitude towards patient advocacy.ResultsNurses were more likely to act as patient advocate when their patient was in danger, and their employment was not at risk while acting as patient advocates. Female nurses scored higher than males; those with higher qualifications had higher behavioural and cognitive scores. A significant correlation was observed between cognitive (belief) aspects of attitude (p = .78, p ≤ .001) and behavioural (efficacy) aspects (p = .89, p ≤ .001).
The relationship between organizational communication and missed nursing care in oncology wards in Taiwan
Authors: Pan Shih‐Ping , Lin Chiou‐Fen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractAimUnfavourable communication increases missed nursing care. Oncology wards have more communication complexity than general wards; therefore, creating a positive communication environment is important for ensuring quality care. This study aimed to understand the relationship between organizational communication satisfaction and missed nursing care in Taiwan.DesignThis cross‐sectional study was performed to measure organizational communication satisfaction and missed nursing care in six oncology wards at a stand‐alone cancer centre hospital in Taipei, Taiwan in December, 2018.MethodsThe study collected data using the Communication Satisfaction Questionnaire and the MISSCARE survey. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, t test, analysis of variance and Pearson product–moment correlation analysis in December 16, 2018.ResultsA total of 111 questionnaires were collected, and the response rate was 92.5%. The study showed that nurses tended to miss nursing care when they were dissatisfied with the unit's manpower status organizational communication environment, horizontal and diagonal communication and informal communication.
Monte Carlo simulations study on gamma ray–neutron shielding characteristics for vinyl ester composites
Authors: Akkurt Iskender , Malidarre Roya Boodaghi , Kartal Ilyas , Gunoglu Kadir 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe current study aims to report the gamma ray–neutron attenuation parameters of eight types of vinyl ester pumice (V‐P) composites for wide energy ranges of 511–2140 keV via MCNPX and FLUKA codes. The radiation shielding properties of these composites were presented graphically and are discussed in detail in this study. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that the MCNPX and FLUKA outcomes are in agreement with each other, and also the FLUKA code can be used as an alternative technique to determine the attenuation features of vinyl ester composites. Besides, the linear attenuation coefficient and total macroscopic cross sections' (∑t) dependencies on the density and also mass attenuation coefficient were found for all selected samples. To sum up, findings show that composite coded as V‐P50 can be a good competitive candidate in terms of gamma rays and neutron shielding.
Hospitalizations for opioid‐related overdose and timing of concurrent opioid and benzodiazepine use: A nested case‐control study
Authors: Alobaidi Ali , Pickard A. Simon , Jarrett Jennie B. , Lee Todd A. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundConcurrent opioid and benzodiazepine (BZD) use is a prevalent high‐risk prescribing behavior that increases the risk of opioid overdose. However, there is limited evidence on the relationship between timing of concurrent use and risk of opioid overdose.ObjectiveTo evaluate the likelihood of opioid‐related overdose across levels of duration, recency, and daily dose of concurrent use.DesignA nested case‐control study was conducted using Truven MarketScan claims data (2009–2018).ParticipantsCommercially insured adults (age 18–64 years old) with a new opioid dispensing in 2010–2018.Main MeasuresCases of opioid‐related overdose were identified based on hospitalization diagnosis codes. Controls were matched to cases in a 10:1 ratio by age, sex, opioid start date, and cancer history. Concurrent use was classified based on duration, timing, and daily dose of overlapping opioids and BZDs during 90 days before the event. Conditional logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between concurrent use and opioid‐related overdose.Key ResultsAmong 11,137,866 dispensed a new opioid, a total of 3388 patients experienced opioid‐related overdose and were matched to 33,893 controls. Cases and controls were 34 years old on average and 54% female. Patients with concurrent use were significantly more likely to have opioid‐related overdose compared to patients receiving opioids, BZDs, or neither (OR 9.28; 95% CI 7.87, 10.93). Longer concurrent use of 1–7, 8–30, and 31–90 days was associated with 4.6, 12.1, and 26.7‐fold higher likelihood of opioid‐related overdose (p < 0.01). Patients with overlapping prescriptions during previous 0–30, 31–60, and 61–90 days were 13.2, 6.0, and 3.2‐times more likely to experience an overdose (p < 0.01).ConclusionsPatients with an opioid‐related overdose were more likely to be prescribed concurrent opioid and BZD across all levels of duration, timing, and daily dose. Future policies and quality measures should be pursued to prevent concurrent use unless medically necessary.
Trends in respiratory management of transferred very preterm infants in the last two decades
Authors: Cavallin Francesco , Doglioni Nicoletta , Brombin Laura , Lolli Elisabetta , Loddo Cristina , Cavicchiolo Maria Elena , Mardegan Veronica , Magarotto Mariella , Mainini Nicoletta , Nardo Daniel , Peloso Rebecca Luisa , Piva Daniele , Priante Elena , Valerio Enrico , Baraldi Eugenio , Trevisanuto Daniele 
Published: June 2021

AbstractBackgroundAmong infants needing urgent transfer after birth, very preterm infants are a high‐risk sub‐group requiring special attention. This study aimed to assess trends in early respiratory management in a large series of very preterm infants undergoing postnatal transfer.MethodsTrends in patient characteristics and early respiratory management were assessed in 798 very preterm infants who were transferred by the Eastern Veneto Neonatal Emergency Transport Service in 2000–2019. Trends were analyzed using joinpoint regression analysis and summarized as annual percentage changes (APCs).ResultsProportion of neonates with birth weight less than 1 kg decreased from 33% to 16% (APC −3.82%). Use of nasal‐continuous‐positive‐airway pressure increased (at call: APC 15.39%; during transfer: APC 15.60%), while use of self‐inflating bag (at call: APC −12.09%), oxygen therapy (at call: APC −13.00%; during transfer: APC −23.77%) and mechanical ventilation (at call: APC −2.71%; during transfer: APC −2.99%) decreased. Use of oxygen concentrations at 21% increased (at call: APC 6.26%; during transfer: APC 7.14%), while oxygen concentrations above 40% decreased (at call: APC −5.73%; at transfer APC −8.89%). Surfactant administration at call increased (APC 3%–10%), while surfactant administration when arriving at referring hospital remained around 7‐11% (APC 2.55%).ConclusionRelevant trends toward “gentle” approaches in early respiratory management of very preterm infants undergoing postnatal transfer occurred during the last twenty years. In addition, the proportion of transferred extremely low birth weight infants halved. Clinicians and stakeholders should consider such information when allocating assets to both hospitals and transfer services and planning regional perinatal programs.
Assessing safety at the end of clinical trials using system organ classes: A case and comparative study
Authors: Carragher Raymond , Robertson Chris 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRecent approaches to the statistical analysis of adverse event (AE) data in clinical trials have proposed the use of groupings of related AEs, such as by system organ class (SOC). These methods have opened up the possibility of scanning large numbers of AEs while controlling for multiple comparisons, making the comparative performance of the different methods in terms of AE detection and error rates of interest to investigators. We apply two Bayesian models and two procedures for controlling the false discovery rate (FDR), which use groupings of AEs, to real clinical trial safety data. We find that while the Bayesian models are appropriate for the full data set, the error controlling methods only give similar results to the Bayesian methods when low incidence AEs are removed. A simulation study is used to compare the relative performances of the methods. We investigate the differences between the methods over full trial data sets, and over data sets with low incidence AEs and SOCs removed. We find that while the removal of low incidence AEs increases the power of the error controlling procedures, the estimated power of the Bayesian methods remains relatively constant over all data sizes. Automatic removal of low‐incidence AEs however does have an effect on the error rates of all the methods, and a clinically guided approach to their removal is needed. Overall we found that the Bayesian approaches are particularly useful for scanning the large amounts of AE data gathered.
Imidazoles and Oxazoles from Lapachones and Phenanthrene‐9,10‐dione: A Journey through their Synthesis, Biological Studies, and Optical Applications
Authors: Dias Gleiston G. , Paz Esther R. S. , Nunes Mateus P. , Carvalho Renato L. , Rodrigues Marieli O. , Rodembusch Fabiano S. , da Silva Júnior Eufrânio N. 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDiverse structural frameworks are found in natural compounds and are well known for their chemical and biological properties; such compounds include the imidazoles and oxazoles. Researchers worldwide are continually working on the development of methods for synthesizing new molecules bearing these basic moiety and evaluating their properties and applications. To expand the knowledge related to azoles, this review summarizes important examples of imidazole and oxazole derivatives from 1,2‐dicarbonyl compounds, such as lapachones and phenanthrene‐9,10‐diones, not only regarding their synthesis and biological applications but also their photophysical properties and uses. The data concerning the latter are particularly scarce in the literature, which leads to underestimation of the potential applications that can be envisaged for these compounds.
Clinical and molecular data in cases of prenatal localized overgrowth disorder: major implication of genetic variants in PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Bourgon N. , Carmignac V. , Sorlin A. , Duffourd Y. , Philippe C. , Thauvin‐Robinet C. , Guibaud L. , Faivre L. , Vabres P. , Kuentz P. ,   Collaborators
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo describe clinical and molecular findings in a French multicenter cohort of fetuses with prenatal diagnosis of congenital abnormality and suspicion of a localized overgrowth disorder (LOD) suggestive of genetic variants in the PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR signaling pathway.MethodsWe analyzed retrospectively data obtained between 1 January 2013 and 1 May 2020 from fetuses with brain and/or limb overgrowth referred for molecular diagnosis of PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR pathway genes by next‐generation sequencing (NGS) using pathological tissue obtained by fetal autopsy. We also assessed the diagnostic yield of amniotic fluid.ResultsDuring the study period, 21 subjects with LOD suspected of being secondary to a genetic variant of the PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR pathway were referred for analysis. Of these, 17 fetuses had brain overgrowth, including six with isolated megalencephaly (MEG) and 11 with hemimegalencephaly (HMEG). Of the six with MEG, germline variants were identified in four cases, in either PIK3R2, AKT3 or MTOR, and a postzygotic PIK3R2 variant was found in the other two cases. Of the 11 with HMEG, a postzygotic PIK3CA variant was found in three fetuses with extracerebral features of PIK3CA‐related overgrowth spectrum, and in seven fetuses with isolated HMEG. No pathogenic variant was identified in the 11th case with HMEG. Four fetuses with limb overgrowth also had one or more lymphatic malformations (LM) and harbored a postzygotic PIK3CA variant. NGS on cultured amniocytes performed in 10 cases, of which nine had been found positive on analysis of pathological fetal tissue, showed variants in four, in either PIK3CA, PIK3R2 or AKT3.ConclusionsIsolated MEG or HMEG may lead to identification of genetic variants in the PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR signaling pathway. Cases of limb overgrowth and LM or isolated HMEG are likely associated with PIK3CA variants. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Prognostic value of orthogeriatric assessment parameters on mortality: a 2-year follow-up
Authors: Wiedl Andreas , Förch Stefan , Fenwick Annabel , Mayr Edgar 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Introduction
Since the arise of orthogeriatric co-management patients’ outcome and survival has improved. There are several assessment parameters that screen the precondition of orthogeriatric patients including mobility, activities of daily living, comorbidities, place of residence and need for care just to name a few. In a 2-year follow-up on an orthogeriatric co-managed ward the fracture-independent predictive value of typical assessment parameters and comorbidities on the associated mortality was examined.

Methods
All patients treated on an orthogeriatric co-managed ward from February 2014 to January 2015 were included. No fracture entity was preferred. Emphasis was set on following parameters: age, gender, Parker-Mobility Score (PMS), Barthel Index (BI), Charlson-Comorbidity Index (CCI), dementia, depression, sarcopenia, frequent falling, length of stay (LOS), care level (CL) and place of residence (POR). In a 2-year follow-up the patients’ death rates were acquired. SPSS (IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, USA) and Cox regression was used to univariately analyze the expression of the mentioned parameters and mortality course over 2 years from discharge. In a multivariate analysis intercorrelations and independent relationships were examined.

Results
A follow-up rate of 79.6% by assessing 661 patients was achieved. In the univariate analysis linear inverse correlation between PMS and BI and mortality and a linear positive correlation between CCI and higher mortality were observed. There was also a significant relationship between lower survival and age, dementia, sarcopenia, frequent falling, higher institutionalized place of residence and higher CL. No univariate correlation between 2-year mortality and gender, depression and LOS was found. In the multivariate Cox regression, the only independent risk factors remaining were lower PMS (HR: 1.81; 95%CI: 1.373–2.397), lower BI (HR: 1.64; 95%CI: 1.180–2.290) and higher age per year (HR: 1.04; 95%CI: 1.004–1.067).

Conclusion
Age, PMS, BI, CCI, preexisting dementia, sarcopenia, frequent falling, POR and CL are univariate predictors of survival in the orthogeriatric context. An independency could only be found for PMS, BI and age in our multivariate model. This underlines the importance of preexisting mobility and capability of self-support for the patient’s outcome in terms of survival.
Laugier-Hunziker-Syndrom
Authors: Korsing Sören , Boede Marcel , Ebrahimsade Schokufe , Meier Katharina 
Published: June 2021

ZusammenfassungDas Laugier-Hunziker-Syndrom (LHS) ist durch lentiginöse Hyperpigmentierungen der Mundschleimhaut und Lippen gekennzeichnet. Zusätzlich können longitudinale bzw. striäre Melanonychien und palmoplantare Pigmentläsionen auftreten. Es handelt sich um eine klinische Ausschlussdiagnose. Wir berichten hier über eine 66-jährige Patientin mit LHS. Die klinischen und histopathologischen Merkmale des LHS werden vorgestellt und wichtige Differenzialdiagnosen diskutiert.