bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desain Aplikasi Android-Based Integrated Management of Chilhood Illness (IMCI)
Authors: Nurmawati Ida 
Published: August 2021

Integrated management of Chilhood Illness (IMCI) is an integrated approach in the management of children illness aged 0-59 months or less than 5 years as a whole. The development of technology and information allows the development of IMCI into information system can easy use for user. This study was an operational research that aimed to design android-based IMCI applications. Application design was done by creating flowchart, data flow diagram (DFD), entity relationship diagram (ERD), and IMCI application interface. IMCI application design results allowed the user to perform automatic disease assessment and classification as well as giving first action for childhood illness automatically. Design IMCI application was also integrated with web applications in first-level health services to produce reports. The design of android-based IMCI applications was expected to help the discovery of sick chilhood quickly. Therefore it is necessary to empower health cadres who have been trained to help find sick chilhood in the neighborhood.
Keywords: android; childhood illness; IMCI
ABSTRAK

Manajemen terpadu balita sakit atau Integrated Management of Childhood Illnes (IMCI) merupakan suatu pendekatan terpadu atau terintegrasi dalam penatalaksanaan balita sakit dengan fokus kepada kesehatan anak usia 0-59 bulan atau kurang dari 5 tahun secara menyeluruh. Perkembangan teknologi dan informasi memungkinkan pengembangan MTBS ke dalam sistem informasi yang mudah digunakan pengguna. Penelitian ini merupakan operational research yang bertujuan untuk merancang aplikasi IMCI berbasis android. Perancangan aplikasi dilakukan dengan membuat flowchart, data flow diagram (DFD), entity relationship diagram (ERD), dan interface aplikasi IMCI. Hasil perancangan aplikasi IMCI memungkinkan user untuk melakukan penilaian dan klasifikasi penyakit secara otomatis serta pemberian tindakan pertama bagi balita sakit secara otomatis. Perancangan aplikasi IMCI juga diintegrasikan dengan aplikasi web dimana admin pelayanan kesehatan tingkat pertama sebagai usernya untuk menghasilkan laporan berupa data balita, resep, dan penyakit. Perancangan aplikasi IMCI berbasis android ini diharapkan mampu membantu penemuan balita sakit secara cepat. Oleh karena itu perlu memberdayakan kader kesehatan yang telah dilatih untuk membantu menemukan balita sakit di lingkungan sekitar.
Kata kunci: android; balita sakit; IMCI
Wobble Editing of Cre-box by Unspecific CRISPR/Cas9 Causes CCR Release and Phenotypic Changes in Bacillus pumilus
Authors: Wang Yingxiang , Cao Linfeng , Bi Meiying , Wang Sicheng , Chen Meiting , Chen Xingyu , Ying Ming , Huang Lei 
Published: August 2021

CRISPR-associated Cas9 endonuclease (CRISPR/Cas9) systems are widely used to introduce precise mutations, such as knocking in/out at targeted genomic sites. Herein, we successfully disrupted the transcription of multiple genes in Bacillus pumilus LG3145 using a series of unspecific guide RNAs (gRNAs) and UgRNA:Cas9 system-assisted cre-box editing. The bases used as gRNAs shared 30–70% similarity with a consensus sequence, a cis-acting element (cre-box) mediating carbon catabolite repression (CCR) of many genes in Bacillus. This triggers trans-crRNA:Cas9 complex wobble cleavage up/downstream of cre sites in the promoters of multiple genes (up to 7), as confirmed by Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing (NGS). LG3145 displayed an obvious CCR release phenotype, including numerous secondary metabolites released into the culture broth, ∼ 1.67 g/L white flocculent protein, pigment overflow causing orange-coloured broth (absorbance = 309 nm), polysaccharide capsules appearing outside cells, improved sugar tolerance, and a two-fold increase in cell density. We assessed the relationship between carbon catabolite pathways and phenotype changes caused by unspecific UgRNA-directed cre site wobble editing. We propose a novel strategy for editing consensus targets at operator sequences that mediates transcriptional regulation in bacteria.
Emerging Trends and Research Foci in Cataract Genes: A Bibliometric and Visualized Study
Authors: Zhu Hongli , Zhang Zhichang 
Published: August 2021

Background: Approximately 50% of cataracts are associated with genetic factors. Genetic etiology and molecular mechanisms based on gene research increase the understanding of cataracts and provide direction for diagnosis and intervention. In the present study, SCIE papers related to the modeling of cataract gene research from 2010–2019 were evaluated and qualitative and quantitative analyses with modeling performed.Methods: The SCIE database was searched on July 6, 2021 for cataract gene publications and relevant papers published since 2010 were considered for review. Subsequently, 1,904 SCIE papers associated with cataract genes from 2010–2019 were analyzed using a bibliometric method. The publication, country, institution, journal, references, knowledgebase, keywords, and research hotspots of the papers were analyzed using an online analysis platform of literature metrology, bibliographic item co-occurrence matrix builder (BICOMB), CiteSpace V, and VOS viewer analysis tool.Results: 78 countries published the related articles, and the United States ranks of America had the most publications. Two thousand seven hundred and eighty three institutions contributed to the related publications. Fudan University had the most publications. The reference clusters of SCI papers were clustered into six categories, namely, causing congenital cataract-microcornea syndrome, functional snp, cataractous lenses, a1 mutation, foxe3 mutation, cell adhesion gene pvrl3, nid1 gene. The key words representing the research frontiers were cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (2017-2019), oxidative stress (2017–2019).Conclusion: This study provided a systematic, objective and comprehensive analysis of the literature related to gene research of cataract. Moreover, this study demonstrated the current hotspots and the future trends in the field of gene research of cataract. This review will help ophthalmologist to discern the dynamic evolution of cataract gene research, as well as highlight areas for future research.
White Matter Microstructural Damage Associated With Gait Abnormalities in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Authors: Tang Yan-min , Yao Ye , Xu Shuai , Li Xin , Hu Fan , Wang He , Ding Jing , Wang Xin 
Published: August 2021

Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a common disease in elderly adults. Patients with iNPH are generally characterized by progressive gait impairment, cognitive deficits, and urinary urgency and/or incontinence. A number of radiographic studies have shown that iNPH patients have enlarged ventricles and altered brain morphology; however, few studies have focused on the relationships between altered brain structure and gait dysfunction due to iNPH. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the abnormalities of white matter (WM) correlated with gait impairment in iNPH patients and to gain a better understanding of its underlying pathology.Methods: Fifteen iNPH patients (five women, 10 men) were enrolled in this study, and each patient’s demographic and gait indices were collected. First, we performed a correlation analysis between the demographic and gait indices. Then, all gait indices were grouped according to the number of WM hyperintensities (WMH) among each WM tract (JHU WM tractography atlas), to perform comparative analysis.Results: Considering sex and illness duration as covariates, correlation analysis showed a significantly negative correlation between step length (r = −0.80, p = 0.001), pace (r = −0.84, p = 2.96e-4), and age. After removing the effects of age, sex, and illness duration, correlation analysis showed negative correlation between step length (r = −0.73, p = 0.007), pace (r = −0.74, p = 0.005), and clinical-grade score and positive correlation between 3-m round trip time (r = 0.66, p = 0.021), rising time (r = 0.76, p = 0.004), and clinical-grade score. Based on WMH of each white matter tract, gait indices showed significant differences (p &lt; 0.05/48, corrected by Bonferroni) between fewer WMH patients and more WMH in the middle cerebellar peduncle, left medial lemniscus, left posterior limb of the internal capsule (IC), and right posterior limb of the IC.Conclusions: Our results indicated that iNPH patients exhibited gait-related WM abnormalities located in motor and sensory pathways around the ventricle, which is beneficial to understand the underlying pathology of iNPH.
The Relationship Between Peritumoral Brain Edema and the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Vestibular Schwannoma
Authors: You Hong-Hai , Chen Xiao-Yong , Chen Jin-Yuan , Bai Yue , Chen Fu-Xiang 
Published: August 2021

Objective: This study aimed to explore the potential mechanism of peritumoral brain edema (PTBE) formation in vestibular schwannoma (VS) by detecting intra-tumoral vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression.Methods: Between January 2018 and May 2021, 15 patients with PTBE and 25 patients without PTBE were included in the analysis. All patients enrolled in our study underwent surgery in our institution. Expression level of VEGF and microvessel density (MVD) between the two groups were analyzed. Edema index (EI) of each patient with PTBE was calculated.Results: In the PTBE group, the average of EI was 1.53 ± 0.22. VEGF expression levels were significantly enhanced in the PTBE group compared with the non-PTBE group (p &lt; 0.001). The expression level of VEGF in the PTBE group and non-PTBE group was 1.14 ± 0.21 and 0.52 ± 0.09, respectively. Similarly, there were significantly different amounts of MVD in the two groups (p &lt; 0.001). The amount of MVD in the PTBE group and non-PTBE group was 11.33 ± 1.59 and 6.28 ± 1.77, respectively. Correlation analysis showed a highly significant positive correlation between VEGF and MVD (r = 0.883, p &lt; 0.001) and VEGF and EI (r = 0.876, p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: Our study confirmed the close relationship among VEGF expression, tumor angiogenesis, and formation of PTBE in VS patients. It may be possible to develop new effective therapies to attenuate PTBE in VS for alleviation of symptoms and reduction of postoperative complication.
Adaptive Attention Convolutional Neural Network for Liver Tumor Segmentation
Authors: Luan Shunyao , Xue Xudong , Ding Yi , Wei Wei , Zhu Benpeng 
Published: August 2021

PurposeAccurate segmentation of liver and liver tumors is critical for radiotherapy. Liver tumor segmentation, however, remains a difficult and relevant problem in the field of medical image processing because of the various factors like complex and variable location, size, and shape of liver tumors, low contrast between tumors and normal tissues, and blurred or difficult-to-define lesion boundaries. In this paper, we proposed a neural network (S-Net) that can incorporate attention mechanisms to end-to-end segmentation of liver tumors from CT images.MethodsFirst, this study adopted a classical coding-decoding structure to realize end-to-end segmentation. Next, we introduced an attention mechanism between the contraction path and the expansion path so that the network could encode a longer range of semantic information in the local features and find the corresponding relationship between different channels. Then, we introduced long-hop connections between the layers of the contraction path and the expansion path, so that the semantic information extracted in both paths could be fused. Finally, the application of closed operation was used to dissipate the narrow interruptions and long, thin divide. This eliminated small cavities and produced a noise reduction effect.ResultsIn this paper, we used the MICCAI 2017 liver tumor segmentation (LiTS) challenge dataset, 3DIRCADb dataset and doctors’ manual contours of Hubei Cancer Hospital dataset to test the network architecture. We calculated the Dice Global (DG) score, Dice per Case (DC) score, volumetric overlap error (VOE), average symmetric surface distance (ASSD), and root mean square error (RMSE) to evaluate the accuracy of the architecture for liver tumor segmentation. The segmentation DG for tumor was found to be 0.7555, DC was 0.613, VOE was 0.413, ASSD was 1.186 and RMSE was 1.804. For a small tumor, DG was 0.3246 and DC was 0.3082. For a large tumor, DG was 0.7819 and DC was 0.7632.ConclusionS-Net obtained more semantic information with the introduction of an attention mechanism and long jump connection. Experimental results showed that this method effectively improved the effect of tumor recognition in CT images and could be applied to assist doctors in clinical treatment.
Single-Cell Transcriptomics of Glioblastoma Reveals a Unique Tumor Microenvironment and Potential Immunotherapeutic Target Against Tumor-Associated Macrophage
Authors: Cui Xiaoteng , Wang Qixue , Zhou Junhu , Wang Yunfei , Xu Can , Tong Fei , Wang Hongjun , Kang Chunsheng 
Published: August 2021

BackgroundThe main immune cells in GBM are tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Thus far, the studies investigating the activation status of TAM in GBM are mainly limited to bulk RNA analyses of individual tumor biopsies. The activation states and transcriptional signatures of TAMs in GBM remain poorly characterized.MethodsWe comprehensively analyzed single-cell RNA-sequencing data, covering a total of 16,201 cells, to clarify the relative proportions of the immune cells infiltrating GBMs. The origin and TAM states in GBM were characterized using the expression profiles of differential marker genes. The vital transcription factors were examined by SCENIC analysis. By comparing the variable gene expression patterns in different clusters and cell types, we identified components and characteristics of TAMs unique to each GBM subtype. Meanwhile, we interrogated the correlation between SPI1 expression and macrophage infiltration in the TCGA-GBM dataset.ResultsThe expression patterns of TMEM119 and MHC-II can be utilized to distinguish the origin and activation states of TAMs. In TCGA-Mixed tumors, almost all TAMs were bone marrow-derived macrophages. The TAMs in TCGA-proneural tumors were characterized by primed microglia. A different composition was observed in TCGA-classical tumors, which were infiltrated by repressed microglia. Our results further identified SPI1 as a crucial regulon and potential immunotherapeutic target important for TAM maturation and polarization in GBM.ConclusionsWe describe the immune landscape of human GBM at a single-cell level and define a novel categorization scheme for TAMs in GBM. The immunotherapy against SPI1 would reprogram the immune environment of GBM and enhance the treatment effect of conventional chemotherapy drugs.
Comparison of Pinoresinol and its Diglucoside on their ADME Properties and Vasorelaxant Effects on Phenylephrine-Induced Model
Authors: Pu Yiqiong , Cai Yiqing , Zhang Qi , Hou Tianling , Zhang Teng , Zhang Tong , Wang Bing 
Published: August 2021

Pinoresinol (PINL) and pinoresinol diglucoside (PDG), two natural lignans found in Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. (Duzhong), have several pharmacological activities. However, there is no report available on their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) properties. Given the possible wide spectrum of their application in therapeutic areas, this area should be investigated. This work studied the in vitro ADME properties of PDG and PINL, including their kinetic solubility, permeability across monolayer cells (PAMPA), protein binding, and metabolic stabilities in liver microsomes. The in vivo pharmacokinetic study and in vitro vasorelaxant effects on isolated phenylephrine-induced aortic rings of PINL and PDG were also investigated. It was found that both of their kinetic solubility in PBS (pH 7.4) was greater than 100 μM, indicating that they are both soluble compounds. The permeability investigations (Peff) by PAMPA indicated that PINL had higher permeability than PDG (p &lt; 0.05). Both components represented moderate plasma protein binding activities (average binding rate in human plasma: PINL 89.03%, PDG 45.21%) and low metabolic rate (t1/2 in human liver microsome: PINL 1509.5 min, PDG 1004.8 min). Furthermore, the results of pharmacokinetic studies indicated that PINL might be eliminated less quickly than PDG from the rat plasma, and its cumulative urinary excretion was much lower than that of PDG. The phenylephrine-induced aortic rings demonstrated concentration-dependent vasorelaxation in PDG, PINL, or their combination group. The vasorelaxant effects of PINL were more obvious than those of PDG, whereas the vasorelaxant effect of the combinations was significantly better than that of the single component (p &lt; 0.05). The similarity or difference between PINL and its diglucoside in these pharmaceutical aspects may offer valuable insights into the further exploration of lignans and might contribute to relevant studies involving natural products with similar molecular structure and their glucosides.
Prediction of the Complication Risk in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis After Surgery: Development and Assessment of a Novel Nomogram
Authors: Wu Liwei , Dai Xiyong , Wang Haijiang , Huang Chaolin , Xia Fan , Song Yanzheng , Wang Lin 
Published: August 2021

Background: Surgery is increasingly accepted as an adjunctive approach to treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) or extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB). However, a model that includes all factors to predict the risk of postoperative complications is lacking.Methods: We developed a prediction model based on 138 patients who had undergone surgery as treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) after 24 months. Clinical features on the lesion type (L), treatment history (T), physiologic status of the body (B), and surgical approach (S) were evaluated. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted by clinical features selected in the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) to build a nomogram. The discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the nomogram were assessed using the C-Index, calibration plots, and decision curves. Internal validation was assessed using bootstrapping.Results: The nomogram contained the features L, B, T, cavitary, recurrent chest infection (RCI) and MDR-TB/XDR-TB. The model displayed good discrimination with a C-Index of 0.879 (95% CI: 0.799–0.967). A high C-Index of 0.824 was achieved in the interval validation. Decision-curve analysis showed that the nomogram was clinically useful if intervention was decided at the non-adherence possibility threshold of 4%.Conclusion: Our novel nomogram could be used conveniently to predict postoperative complication risk in DR-TB patients.
Subcutaneous Vulvar Flap Viability Evaluation With Near-Infrared Probe and Indocyanine Green for Vulvar Cancer Reconstructive Surgery: A Feasible Technique
Authors: Capozzi Vito Andrea , Monfardini Luciano , Sozzi Giulio , Armano Giulia , Rosati Andrea , Gueli Alletti Salvatore , Cosentino Francesco , Ercoli Alfredo , Cianci Stefano , Berretta Roberto 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Vulvar cancer is a rare condition affecting older women and accounts for 3–5% of all gynecological cancers. Primary surgical treatment involves the removal of a large amount of tissue for which reconstructive surgery is often necessary with a high rate of postoperative complications. Despite several techniques for the evaluation of vulvar flap viability have been proposed, many methods cannot be performed during surgery and require expensive devices often missing in a gynecological clinic. This study aims to verify the feasibility and the safety of the vulvar flap viability evaluation through a near-infrared endoscopic probe and Indocyanine green (ICG) tracer in a small group of patients and to evaluate long-term vulvar flap outcomes.Methods: Patients with primary vulvar cancer who required surgical treatment and subsequent vulvar flap reconstructive surgery were prospectively included in the study. A 25 mg ICG vial diluted in 20 ml of saline solution was intravenously infused before closing the skin edges of the flaps. All patients were given 0.2 mg/kg body weight of intravenous ICG. After 10–15 min, a near-infrared endoscopic probe was used to evaluate the vulvar flap viability.Results: Of the 18 patients who underwent radical vulvectomy for vulvar cancer during the study period, 15 were included in the analysis. All packaged surgical flaps showed tracer uptake on the surgical margin. No intro-operative complications were recorded neither surgery-related nor to dye infusion. No surgical infection, dehiscence, or necrosis was recorded.Conclusions: Vulvar flap viability assessment using Indocyanine green and a laparoscopic infrared probe is a feasible method. All cases included in the analysis showed a dye uptake on the surgical edge of the flap. Further, prospective studies are needed to confirm the method in clinical practice and to evaluate its superiority over simple subjective clinical evaluation.
On the Decrease in Transformation Stress in a Bicrystal Cu-Al-Mn Shape-Memory Alloy during Cyclic Compressive Deformation
Authors: Su Tung-Huan , Lu Nian-Hu , Chen Chih-Hsuan , Chen Chuin-Shan 
Published: August 2021

The evolution of the inhomogeneous distribution of the transformation stress (σs) and strain fields with an increasing number of cycles in two differently orientated grains is investigated for the first time using a combined technique of digital image correlation and data-driven identification. The theoretical transformation strains (εT) of these two grains with crystal orientations [5 3 26]β and [6 5 11]β along the loading direction are 10.1% and 7.1%, respectively. The grain with lower εT has a higher σs initially and a faster decrease in σs compared with the grain with higher εT. The results show that the grains with higher σs might trigger more dislocations during the martensite transformation, and thus result in greater residual strain and a larger decrease in σs during subsequent cycles. Grain boundary kinking in bicrystal induces an additional decrease in transformation stress. We conclude that a grain with crystal orientation that has high transformation strain and low transformation stress (with respect to loading direction) will exhibit stable transformation stress, and thus lead to higher functional performance in Cu-based shape memory alloys.
Determinan Kinerja Pasar Saham Dengan Risk Premium Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Bank Indonesia (BI)
Authors: Sari Silvia , Lucy Aprelia D  , Lusiana  
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of interest rate, money supply and inflation rate on
stock market performance. This study consists of three independent variables, namely interest rate,
money supply and inflation rate. The dependent variable is stock market performance. And one
intervening variable risk premium. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression analysis and
path analysis. Methods of data collection in this research is to use the internet research to obtain
secondary data by accessing the website www.bi.go.id. he results obtained show that there is an effect of
interest rate risk premiums. Money supply has no effect on risk premiums. Inflation rate affects the risk
premium. And interest rate, money supply, inflation rate together has an effect on the risk premium.
Interest rate affects stock market performance. Money supply has no effect on stock market performance.
The inflation rate has no effect on stock market performance. Risk premium affects stock market
performance. And interest rate, money supply, inflation rate and risk premium affect the stock market
performance. Risk premium cannot mediate the effect of interest rates on stock market performance. Risk
premium cannot mediate the effect of money supply on stock market performance. Risk premium can
mediate the effect of inflation rate on stock market performance.