bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of a low cost diet on the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrosis virus pathogenicity and sterile insect technique
Authors: Sayed Waheed A. A. , El-Helaly Alexandra , Jamal Zakia A. , El-Bendary Helmy 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Mass rearing cost of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the critical methods for the successful utilization of Baculovirus pathogenicity and sterile insect technique (SIT). Effectiveness of both SIT and S. littoralis Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus (SpliNPV) was assessed in response to plant-based diet and substitution of agar with commercial sources of gelling components as feed.

Results
Pupal and adult recoveries produced by castor bean leaves were significantly high, followed by the agar-based diet. Moreover, larval durations were significantly prolonged for (starch + gelatin)-based diet than the other dietary diets. Obviously, SpliNPV pathogenicity against the larvae reared on (starch + gelatin)-based diet was 2.5 and 2 times higher than those reared on castor leaves and agar-based diet, respectively. Contrary to expectation, the sterility doses of male moths produced by castor leaves and agar-based diet were relatively similar.

Conclusion
The findings suggest that the lowest cost diets (starch + gelatin)-based diet could be used effectively for increasing the SpliNPV pathogenicity, while either castor leaves or agar-based diet could be considered as a promising choice for SIT program.
Arrhythmias in repaired pediatric and adolescent Fallot tetralogy, correlation with cardiac MRI parameters
Authors: Saraya Samira , Ramadan Ahmed , AbdelMassih Antoine , Hussein Gehan , Mostafa Fatma Al zahraa , Emam Soha , Raof Mohamed A. , Onsy Marwa , Atalla Hams Ahmed 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundTetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a common congenital cyanotic heart disease in which arrhythmias could develop even after successful operative repair. Pulmonary regurgitation and right ventricular dilatation develop in many cases. The relation between arrhythmias and right ventricular dilatation is not established. Our aim is to assess the relation in between the degree of right ventricular volume affection and the severity of the pulmonary regurgitation, associated arrhythmias and the need for pulmonary valve repair in Egyptian pediatric and adolescent cases after successful TOF repair.ResultsA cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on 32 cases after successful surgical repair. Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography, 24 h Holter monitoring and cardiac MRI for assessment of pulmonary regurgitation fraction (PRF), ventricular volumes and function were measured. Cases were classified according to right ventricular end diastolic volume index (RVEDVI) into 2 groups with cut off value 150 ml/m2. Mean age of the studied cases was (12.96 ± 3.384) years, mean age at time of surgical repair was (34.23 ± 22.1) months, and mean duration postoperatively was (121.72 ± 41.028) months. Eighteen cases (56%) had RVEDVI ≥ 150 ml/m2, PRF was significantly higher in cases with increased RVEDVI (pvalue 0.007), with positive significant correlation between RVEDVI and PRF (pvalue = 0.0001,r = 0.61). Arrhythmias were detected in 18 cases (56%), the most common of which was infrequent supraventricular ectopy. No significant difference in incidence of arrhythmias between the 2 groups (pvalue = 1) with also no significant correlation between arrhythmias and increased RVEDVI (pvalue = 0.76,r = 0.05). No difference between cases with and without arrhythmias regarding RVEDVI (pvalue = 0.56) or PRF (pvalue = 0.5).ConclusionHolter detected arrhythmias after successful surgical repair of TOF were significantly associated with increased postoperative duration but not with PRF or RVEDVI.
Depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment: A 10-year follow-up study from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe
Authors: Han Fei-Fei , Wang Hui-Xin , Wu Jia-Jia , Yao Wu , Hao Chang-Fu , Pei Jin-Jing 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Background
Depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment often coexisted in the elderly. This study investigates the effect of late-life depressive symptoms on risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods
A total of 14,231 dementia- and MCI free participants aged 60+ from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe were followed-up for 10 years to detect incident MCI. MCI was defined as 1.5 standard deviation (SD) below the mean of the standardized global cognition score. Depressive symptoms were assessed by a 12-item Europe-depression scale (EURO-D). Severity of depressive symptoms was grouped as: no/minimal (score 0–3), moderate (score 4–5), and severe (score 6–12). Significant depressive symptoms (SDSs) were defined as EURO-D score ≥ 4.

Results
During an average of 8.2 (SD = 2.4)-year follow-up, 1,352 (9.50%) incident MCI cases were identified. SDSs were related to higher MCI risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.26, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.10–1.44) in total population, individuals aged 70+ (HR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.14–1.61) and women (HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.08–1.51) in Cox proportional hazard model adjusting for confounders. In addition, there was a dose–response association between the severity of depressive symptoms and MCI incidence in total population, people aged ≥70 years and women (p-trend <0.001).

Conclusions
Significant depressive symptoms were associated with higher incidence of MCI in a dose–response fashion, especially among people aged 70+ years and women. Treating depressive symptoms targeting older population and women may be effective in preventing MCI.
The Star Degree Centrality Problem: A Decomposition Approach
Authors: Camur Mustafa C. , Sharkey Thomas , Vogiatzis Chrysafis 
Published: August 2021

We consider the problem of identifying the induced star with the largest cardinality open neighborhood in a graph. This problem, also known as the star degree centrality (SDC) problem, is shown to be [Formula: see text]-complete. In this work, we first propose a new integer programming (IP) formulation, which has a smaller number of constraints and nonzero coefficients in them than the existing formulation in the literature. We present classes of networks in which the problem is solvable in polynomial time and offer a new proof of [Formula: see text]-completeness that shows the problem remains [Formula: see text]-complete for both bipartite and split graphs. In addition, we propose a decomposition framework that is suitable for both the existing and our formulations. We implement several acceleration techniques in this framework, motivated by techniques used in Benders decomposition. We test our approaches on networks generated based on the Barabási–Albert, Erdös–Rényi, and Watts–Strogatz models. Our decomposition approach outperforms solving the IP formulations in most of the instances in terms of both solution time and quality; this is especially true for larger and denser graphs. We then test the decomposition algorithm on large-scale protein–protein interaction networks, for which SDC is shown to be an important centrality metric.Summary of Contribution: In this study, we first introduce a new integer programming (NIP) formulation for the star degree centrality (SDC) problem in which the goal is to identify the induced star with the largest open neighborhood. We then show that, although the SDC can be efficiently solved in tree graphs, it remains [Formula: see text]-complete in both split and bipartite graphs via a reduction performed from the set cover problem. In addition, we implement a decomposition algorithm motivated by Benders decomposition together with several acceleration techniques to both the NIP formulation and the existing formulation in the literature. Our experimental results indicate that the decomposition implementation on the NIP is the best solution method in terms of both solution time and quality.
Asymmetrically increased femoral version with high prevalence of moderate and severe femoral anteversion in unilateral Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
Authors: Novais Eduardo N. , Nunally Kianna D. , Ferrer Mariana G. , Miller Patricia E. , Wylie James D. , Dodgen William T. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose To determine and stratify femoral version in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD), and to compare the femoral version between the LCPD hip and the contralateral unaffected hip. Methods We performed a retrospective review of 45 patients with unilateral LCPD who had available CT scan through the hips and knees between January 2000 and June 2017. There were 34 (76%) male cases with a mean age of 14 years (sd 4.69). Two independent readers measured femoral version on the affected and the unaffected contralateral femur. Femoral version was classified as follows: severely decreased version (< 10°); moderately decreased (10° to 14°); normal femoral version range (15° to 20°); moderately increased (21° to 25°); and severely increased version (> 25°). Results LCPD hips had predominantly increased femoral version (38% severely increased anteversion, 24% moderately increased anteversion), while 51% of the contralateral unaffected hips had normal femoral version (p < 0.001). LCPD hips had higher mean femoral version than the contralateral, unaffected side (mean difference = 13o; 95% confidence iterval 10o to 16o; p < 0.001). As the version of the affected hip increased, so did the discrepancy between sides. No effect of sex on the LCPD femoral version was detected (p = 0.34). Conclusion This study included a selected group of patients with unilateral LCPD and available CT scans obtained for surgical planning. The femoral version was asymmetric, with a high proportion of excessive anteversion observed at later stages of disease in the affected hips. Future studies will be necessary to determine the pathogenesis of increased femoral version associated with LCPD. Level of Evidence Level IV, retrospective study.
First branchial arch cyst in an elderly patient: diagnostic dilemma and subsequent management
Authors: El-Habbash S , Padaki P , Graham R 
Published: August 2021

The branchial system plays a significant role in the embryological development of the many internal and external human body structures. Failure of normal development of these systems may result in branchial system anomalies. Anomalies of the first branchial cleft are rare and account for 1–8% of all branchial anomalies. They have an incidence of 1 per 1 million births, most of which are diagnosed in early childhood. We present an unusual case of a first branchial arch cyst in an elderly gentleman: a 65-year-old man who presented with a persistent swelling in the left pre-auricular region with no associated sinus, fistulae or lymphadenopathy and with an intact facial nerve. Investigations including fine needle aspiration, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging led to the diagnosis of a lesion of salivary origin and an extracapsular dissection was undertaken. The histological appearance on excision was, however, in keeping with a first arch branchial cyst. In conclusion, the nonspecific clinical and radiological presentation of first branchial arch anomalies may lead to difficulty and often delay in the diagnosis of these lesions, particularly in elderly patients as it is more often associated with childhood and adolescence. A high level of suspicion is mandatory to prevent inappropriate management in the form of incision and drainage, which further increases the risk of recurrence and facial nerve injury at the time of formal excision due to scarring.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy with carbon nanoparticle suspension after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer patients
Authors: Wei N , Hou J , Chen J , Dai M , Du K , Wang S , Ni Q 
Published: August 2021

Introduction The aim of the study was to explore the feasibility of performing sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) using a carbon nanoparticle suspension (CNPS) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Methods Some 152 patients diagnosed with primary breast cancer (cT1-3N0-2M0) were recruited. Patients were divided into two groups according to axillary lymph node (ALN) status after four to six cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. All patients received a CNPS injection, after which SLNB and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) were performed. Results Sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) of 143 patients were identified; with an accuracy rate of 94.4% and a false-negative rate of 9.9%. Group A included 67 patients, and the detection, accuracy and false-negative rates within this group were 95.5%, 96.9% and 6.7%, respectively. The corresponding rates for group B (85 patients) were 92.9%, 92.4% and 11.8%, respectively. Conclusions CNPS is an ideal tracer for improving the detection rate of SLN and can be used to determine SLN status following neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Effect of postoperative high load long duration inspiratory muscle training on pulmonary function and functional capacity after mitral valve replacement surgery: A randomized controlled trial with follow-up
Authors: Hegazy Fatma A. , Mohamed Kamel Sara M. , Abdelhamid Ahmed S. , Aboelnasr Emad A. , Elshazly Mahmoud , Hassan Ali M. 
Published: August 2021

Objectives
Although, pre-operative inspiratory muscle training has been investigated and reported to be an effective strategy to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications, the efficacy of postoperative inspiratory muscle training as well as the proper load, frequency, and duration necessary to reduce the postoperative pulmonary complications has not been fully investigated. This study was designed to investigate the effect of postoperative high-load long-duration inspiratory muscle training on pulmonary function, inspiratory muscle strength, and functional capacity after mitral valve replacement surgeries.

Design
Prospective randomized controlled trial.

Methods
A total of one hundred patients (mean age 38.3±3.29years) underwent mitral valve replacement surgery were randomized into experimental (n = 50) and control (n = 50) groups. The control group received conventional physiotherapy care, while experimental group received conventional care in addition to inspiratory muscle training, with 40% of the baseline maximal inspiratory pressure targeting a load of 80% by the end of the 8 weeks intervention protocol. Inspiratory muscle training started on the patient’s first day in the inpatient ward. Lung functions, inspiratory muscle strength, and functional capacity were evaluated using a computer-based spirometry system, maximal inspiratory pressure measurement and 6MWT respectively at 5 time points and a follow-up assessment was performed 6 months after surgery. Repeated measure ANOVA and post-hoc analyses were used (p <0.05).

Results
Group-time interactions were detected for all the studied variables (p<0.001). Between-group analysis revealed statistically significant postoperative improvements in all studied variables in the experimental group compared to the control group (p <0.001) with large effect size of η2 ˃0.14. Within-group analysis indicated substantial improvements in lung function, inspiratory pressure and functional capacity in the experimental group (p <0.05) over time, and these improvements were maintained at follow-up.

Conclusion
High intensity, long-duration postoperative inspiratory muscle training is highly effective in improving lung function, inspiratory muscle strength, and functional capacity after mitral valve replacement surgeries.
Epidemiological study of cervical cord compression and its clinical symptoms in community-dwelling residents
Authors: Hirai Toru , Otani Koji , Sekiguchi Miho , Kikuchi Shin-ichi , Konno Shin-ichi 
Published: August 2021

Background
Degenerative compressive myelopathy (DCM) is caused by cervical cord compression. The relationship between the magnitude and clinical findings of cervical cord compression has been described in the literature, but the details remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the magnitude and clinical symptoms of cervical cord compression in community-dwelling residents.

Methods
The present study included 532 subjects. The subjective symptoms and the objective findings of one board-certified spine surgeon were assessed. The subjective symptoms were upper extremity pain and numbness, clumsy hand, fall in the past 1 year, and subjective gait disturbance. The objective findings were: Hoffmann, Trömner, and Wartenberg signs; Babinski’s and Chaddock’s signs; hyperreflexia of the patellar tendon and Achilles tendon reflexes; ankle clonus; Romberg and modified Romberg tests; grip and release test; finger escape sign; and grip strength. Using midsagittal T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, the anterior–posterior (AP) diameters (mm) of the spinal cord at the C2 midvertebral body level (DC2) and at each intervertebral disc level from C2/3 to C7/T1 (DC2/3-C7/T1) were measured. The spinal cord compression ratio (R) for each intervertebral disc level was defined and calculated as DC2/3-C7/T1 divided by DC2. The lowest R (LR) along C2/3 to C7/T1 of each individual was divided into 3 grades by the tertile method. The relationship between LR and clinical symptoms was investigated by trend analysis.

Results
The prevalence of subjective gait disturbance increased significantly with the severity of spinal cord compression (p = 0.002812), whereas the other clinical symptoms were not significantly related with the severity of spinal cord compression.

Conclusions
The magnitude of cervical cord compression had no relationship with any of the neurologic findings. However, subjective gait disturbance might be a better indicator of the possibility of early stage cervical cord compression.
Loss of years of healthy life due to road incidents of motorcyclists in the city of Medellin, 2012 to 2015
Authors: Porras Cataño Sandra Milena , Grisales-Romero Hugo 
Published: August 2021

ObjectiveDetermine the loss of years of healthy life due to road incidents of motorcyclists in the city of Medellin from 2012 to 2015.MethodsDescriptive study with data on health care of injured motorcyclists and deaths adjusted with the Preston and Coale method, and OPS proportional distribution for the period 2012–2015. The years of life lost due to premature death (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were calculated according to the new methodology designed for that purpose.ResultsThe loss of years of healthy life due to road incidents of motorcyclists in the four-year period was 80,046 DALYs (823.8 per 100,000 inhabitants), with a higher proportion in men (81.3% and a ratio of 5 to 1 compared to women); the YLDs was 66.6% with marked differences in favor of men. There was nearly a 38% difference in the ages of 15 to 19 as well as a 19% difference from 30 to 49, compared to women. Premature death (YLLs) contributed to 33.4% of DALYs, with significant presentation in the above-mentioned age groups.ConclusionsThe greatest loss of years of healthy life due to road incidents of motorcyclists in Medellin was due to non-fatal injuries and was concentrated in young men. If the trend of motorcycle road incidents continues, both local and national road safety plans will fail to accomplish the expected results, especially among motorcycle users.
O real e o alegórico na recepção oitocentista de Moby Dick
Authors: Lainister de Oliveira Esteves  
Published: August 2021

Este artigo analisa como a recepção oitocentista de Moby Dick, romance de Herman Melville publicado em 1851, destacou os fundamentos factuais e a dimensão alegórica da narrativa. O estudo considera ainda a relevância dos comentários sobre a obra na redefinição do vocabulário crítico voltado ao gênero romancesco a partir da segunda metade do século XIX.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Crítica; Romantismo; Alegoria.
A tríade dialética espacial de Henri Lefebvre
Authors: Keidy Narelly Costa Matias  
Published: August 2021

Este texto tem como objetivo apresentar um estudo introdutório ao pensamento espacial do filósofo francês Henri Lefebvre. Este filósofo possui uma extensa obra, que engloba variados temas contemplados pela Filosofia e, aqui, iremos nos pautar, notadamente, em sua tríade dialética sobre o conceito de espaço, esquematizando suas categorias conceituais e discutindo-as quando oportuno. Assim, os conceitos de espaço absoluto, espaço abstrato e espaço diferencial serão apresentados, acompanhados de seus respectivos pares dialéticos. Todos os espaços carregam subjacentes possibilidades de transformação do mundo, de uma utopia do possível.

Palavras-chave: Henri Lefebvre; Espaço Social; Vida Cotidiana.
Experimental study of the Effect of the Blades of Number on Characteristics Pico Bulb Turbine on Horizontal Flow
Authors: Himawanto Dwi Aries , Nurdin Akhmad , Bisri Hasan 
Published: August 2021

This study discusses the effect of the number of blades on a horizontal flow propeller turbine performance on a small scale experimentally. The development of small-scale water turbines has made many advances, including water turbines with the horizontal flow. Water turbines in horizontal flow can be applied to irrigation systems, piping systems, the wastewater treatment channel, and other closed channels. Pengukuran dynamic head pada aliran horisontal berdasarkan nilai pressure drop atau perbedaan tekanan sebelum dan sesudah turbin. Dynamic head measurement on the horizontal flow is based on pressure drop values or pressure before and after the turbine. Static bulbs placed before the turbine aim to increase the speed of water flow and potentially improve turbine performance. This study aims to determine the effect of the number of blades on the performance and efficiency of propeller turbines. The blade angle used is 200 with a bulb ratio of 0.6 to the pipe diameter. The variations in the number of blades used were 4, 5, 6, and 7, with each tested at 7 L / s, 9 L / s, 11 L / s, and 13 L / s. The results of this study indicate the number of blades 5 with a discharge of 13 L / s shows the best turbine performance compared to the number of other blades, besides that the number of blades 5 with a flow rate of 13 L / s shows the best efficiency value of around 40%.
Avances en citometría de masas y aplicabilidad en patología digital para estudios clínico-traslacionales en oncología
Authors: Cereceda Karina , Jorquera Roddy , Villarroel-Espíndola Franz 
Published: August 2021

Resumen
El desarrollo de la citometría de masas y posteriormente su adaptación para el análisis de secciones histológicas ha revolucionado la forma de caracterizar a nivel espacial múltiples componentes de manera simultánea, permitiendo la correlación genotípica y fenotípica de la célula y su entorno durante estudios clínicos-traslaciones. En este trabajo, hemos revisado los hitos más relevantes en el desarrollo, implementación y aplicabilidad del análisis de imágenes de componentes múltiples para el estudio de cáncer y otras dolencias, y enfocado nuestro interés que aquellos autores que utilizan imágenes obtenidas mediante citometría de masas o bien haz de iones. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo que el lector se familiarice con las estrategias técnicas de verificación de la herramienta y las múltiples posibilidades de uso abordadas por diferentes autores, y además, poder proyectar sus propias investigaciones hacia la utilización de imágenes obtenidas por citometría de masas (IMC), o imágenes por haz de iones multiplexados (MIBI) en cualquiera de los campos de investigación biomédica.