bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical current fluctuations in graphene Josephson junctions
Authors: Haque Mohammad T. , Will Marco , Tomi Matti , Pandey Preeti , Kumar Manohar , Schmidt Felix , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Danneau Romain , Steele Gary , Hakonen Pertti 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe have studied 1/f noise in critical current $$I_c$$

I
c

in h-BN encapsulated monolayer graphene contacted by NbTiN electrodes. The sample is close to diffusive limit and the switching supercurrent with hysteresis at Dirac point amounts to $$\simeq 5$$

≃
5

nA. The low frequency noise in the superconducting state is measured by tracking the variation in magnitude and phase of a reflection carrier signal $$v_{rf}$$

v

rf

at 600–650 MHz. We find 1/f critical current fluctuations on the order of $$\delta I_c/I_c \simeq 10^{-3}$$

δ

I
c

/

I
c

≃

10

-
3

per unit band at 1 Hz. The noise power spectrum of critical current fluctuations $$S_{I_c}$$

S

I
c

measured near the Dirac point at large, sub-critical rf-carrier amplitudes obeys the law $$S_{I_c}/{I{_c}}^2 = a/f^{\beta }$$

S

I
c

/

I

c

2

=
a
/

f
β

where $$a\simeq 4\times 10^{-6}$$

a
≃
4
×

10

-
6

and $$\beta \simeq 1$$

β
≃
1

at $$f > 0.1$$

f
>
0.1

Hz. Our results point towards significant fluctuations in $$I_c$$

I
c

originating from variation of the proximity induced gap in the graphene junction.
Pressure induced structural phase crossover of a GaSe epilayer grown under screw dislocation driven mode and its phase recovery
Authors: Diep Nhu Quynh , Wu Ssu Kuan , Liu Cheng Wei , Huynh Sa Hoang , Chou Wu Ching , Lin Chih Ming , Zhang Dong Zhou , Ho Ching Hwa 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHydrostatically pressurized studies using diamond anvil cells on the structural phase transition of the free-standing screw-dislocation-driven (SDD) GaSe thin film synthesized by molecular beam epitaxy have been demonstrated via in-situ angle-dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The early pressure-driven hexagonal-to-rock salt transition at approximately ~ 20 GPa as well as the outstandingly structural-phase memory after depressurization in the SDD-GaSe film was recognized, attributed to the screw dislocation-assisted mechanism. Note that, the reversible pressure-induced structural transition was not evidenced from the GaSe bulk, which has a layer-by-layer stacking structure. In addition, a remarkable 1.7 times higher in bulk modulus of the SDD-GaSe film in comparison to bulk counterpart was observed, which was mainly contributed by its four times higher in the incompressibility along c-axis. This is well-correlated to the slower shifting slopes of out-of-plane phonon-vibration modes in the SDD-GaSe film, especially at low-pressure range (< 5 GPa). As a final point, we recommend that the intense density of screw dislocation cores in the SDD-GaSe lattice structure plays a crucial role in these novel phenomena.
Association between capillary congestion and macular edema recurrence in chronic branch retinal vein occlusion through quantitative analysis of OCT angiography
Authors: Kang Min Seung , Kim Sang Yoon , Park Sung Who , Byon Ik Soo , Kwon Han Jo 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study aims to quantitatively investigate the optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCTA) findings of capillary congestion and its association with macular edema (ME) recurrence in chronic branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 115 consecutive patients with major ischemic BRVO who reached stable macula (without ME for two consecutive visits) at baseline (the first visit within the stable period). All patients were classified into a recurrence or non-recurrence groups depending on ME recurrence. Capillary congestion of deep capillary plexuses (DCP-C) and other abnormal capillary lesions were segmented, and their areas, vascular densities, and mean retinal thicknesses (MRT) were calculated. The main outcomes were differences between the two groups and risk factors for recurrence among baseline and OCTA parameters. A total of 76 eyes were included, of which 22 (28.9%) recurred. DCP-C existed in all eyes at baseline. MRT of DCP-C (p = 0.006) was greater in the recurrence group. Greater MRT of DCP-C (OR: 1.044; p = 0.002) and more frequent intravitreal injections (OR: 1.803; p < 0.001) were associated with a higher risk of relapsing ME. DCP-C may contribute to the anatomical stability of chronic BRVO and simultaneously be the source of ME.
Quantification of retinal blood leakage in fundus fluorescein angiography in a retinal angiogenesis model
Authors: Comin Cesar H. , Tsirukis Demetrios I. , Sun Ye , Xu Xiaoyin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBlood leakage from the vessels in the eye is the hallmark of many vascular eye diseases. One of the preclinical mouse models of retinal blood leakage, the very-low-density-lipoprotein receptor deficient mouse (Vldlr−/−), is used for drug screening and mechanistic studies. Vessel leakage is usually examined using Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA). However, interpreting FFA images of the Vldlr−/− model is challenging as no automated and objective techniques exist for this model. A pipeline has been developed for quantifying leakage intensity and area including three tasks: (i) blood leakage identification, (ii) blood vessel segmentation, and (iii) image registration. Morphological operations followed by log-Gabor quadrature filters were used to identify leakage regions. In addition, a novel optic disk detection algorithm based on graph analysis was developed for registering the images at different timepoints. Blood leakage intensity and area measured by the methodology were compared to ground truth quantifications produced by two annotators. The relative difference between the quantifications from the method and those obtained from ground truth images was around 10% ± 6% for leakage intensity and 17% ± 8% for leakage region. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the method results and the ground truth was around 0.98 for leakage intensity and 0.94 for leakage region. Therefore, we presented a computational method for quantifying retinal vascular leakage and vessels using FFA in a preclinical angiogenesis model, the Vldlr−/− model.
Dynamics of GRK2 in the kidney: a putative mechanism for sepsis-associated kidney injury
Authors: Rosales Thiele Osvaldt , Horewicz Verônica Vargas , Ferreira Marcella Amorim , Nardi Geisson Marcos , Assreuy Jamil 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Renal vascular reactivity to vasoconstrictors is preserved in sepsis in opposition to what happens in the systemic circulation. We studied whether this distinct behavior was related to α1 adrenergic receptor density, G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) and the putative role of nitric oxide (NO). Sepsis was induced in female mice by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Wildtype mice were treated with prazosin 12 h after CLP or nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS-2) inhibitor, 30 min before and 6 and 12 h after CLP. In vivo experiments and biochemistry assays were performed 24 h after CLP. Sepsis decreased the systemic mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the vascular reactivity to phenylephrine. Sepsis also reduced basal renal blood flow which was normalized by treatment with prazosin. Sepsis led to a substantial decrease in GRK2 level associated with an increase in α1 adrenergic receptor density in the kidney. The disappearance of renal GRK2 was prevented in NOS-2-KO mice or mice treated with 1400 W. Treatment of non-septic mice with an NO donor reduced GRK2 content in the kidney. Therefore, our results show that an NO-dependent reduction in GRK2 level in the kidney leads to the maintenance of a normal α1 adrenergic receptor density. The preservation of the density and/or functionality of this receptor in the kidney together with a higher vasoconstrictor tonus in sepsis lead to vasoconstriction. Thus, the increased concentration of vasoconstrictor mediators together with the preservation (and even increase) of the response to them may help to explain sepsis-induced acute kidney injury.
Chronic activation of AMP-activated protein kinase leads to early-onset polycystic kidney phenotype
Authors: Wilson Laura , Pollard Alice E. , Penfold Lucy , Muckett Phillip J. , Whilding Chad , Bohlooly-Y. Mohammad , Wilson Patricia , Carling David 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a key role in the cellular response to low energy stress and has emerged as an attractive therapeutic target for tackling metabolic diseases. Whilst significant progress has been made regarding the physiological role of AMPK, its function in the kidney remains only partially understood. We use a mouse model expressing a constitutively active mutant of AMPK to investigate the effect of AMPK activation on kidney function in vivo. Kidney morphology and changes in gene and protein expression were monitored and serum and urine markers were measured to assess kidney function in vivo. Global AMPK activation resulted in an early-onset polycystic kidney phenotype, featuring collecting duct cysts and compromised renal function in adult mice. Mechanistically, the cystic kidneys had increased cAMP levels and ERK activation, increased hexokinase I (Hk I) expression, glycogen accumulation and altered expression of proteins associated with autophagy. Kidney tubule-specific activation of AMPK also resulted in a polycystic phenotype, demonstrating that renal tubular AMPK activation caused the cystogenesis. Importantly, human autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) kidney sections revealed similar protein localisation patterns to that observed in the murine cystic kidneys. Our findings show that early-onset chronic AMPK activation leads to a polycystic kidney phenotype, suggesting dysregulated AMPK signalling is a contributing factor in cystogenesis.
La Classe II asymétrique : traitement par utilisation de gouttière de repositionnement mandibulaire et par chirurgie orthognathique
Authors: Ouhioun Jean-Luc , Paulus Christian 
Published: October 2021

S’il est relativement aisé de constater l’existence d’une Classe II asymétrique, d’autant plus que celles-ci présenteront bien souvent le même schéma dentaire, il n’en est pas de même lorsqu’il s’agira d’en établir un diagnostic précis et qu’il faudra en rechercher l’étiologie.
En effet cette pathologie peut revêtir de nombreux aspects, tant au niveau dentaire, squelettique, fonctionnel qu’articulaire, qui pourront de plus se compliquer par un trouble temporo-mandibulaire associé.
C’est le cas d’Emilie, 12 ans et 8 mois lors de la première consultation.
Differentialdiagnose Ulcus cruris, Ursachen und Therapie
Authors: Klingelhöller Carmen , Schneider Stefan W. 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungDie ätiologisch korrekte Diagnose eines Ulcus cruris zu stellen ist nicht immer einfach und sollte insbesondere bei chronischen progredienten Wunden differenzialdiagnostisch gut überlegt sein. Neben den häufigsten Ursachen des Ulcus cruris, den Gefäßerkrankungen, sind auch z.B. autoimmunologische, infektiöse, metabolische, exogene und neoplastische Ursachen in die differenzialdiagnostischen Überlegungen mit einzubeziehen. Für eine erfolgreiche Behandlung der Patienten mit chronischen Wunden mit gleichzeitiger, deutlich reduzierter Lebensqualität ist eine kausale Therapie zwingend notwendig.
Terahertz digital holography: Two- and four-step phase shifting technique in two plane image recording
Authors: Siemion Agnieszka , Minkevičius Linas , Jokubauskis Domas , Ivaškevičiūtė-Povilauskienė Rusnė , Valušis Gintaras 
Published: October 2021

A two- and four-step phase shifting (PS) technique in terahertz (THz) digital holography is proposed. Relying on the Mach–Zehnder interferometer-based setup, it was demonstrated that the two-step and four-step PS in Fresnel holograms can assist in a five times greater background subtraction. It allows us to improve the quality of the obtained holographic images, in particular when objects introduce phase changes. It was shown that the recording of holograms of an object consisting of two separated planes can enable qualitative reconstruction of 3D images. Here, the planes were separated by 30 mm, thus defining the longitudinal (depth) resolution in this experiment. It is shown that the PS can serve in distinguishing transparent objects and, by a proper selection of phase variation within the 0–2π range, enable us to increase the quality of the reconstructed hologram. Finally, the advantages of the suggested holographic technique are illustrated by comparing the results with the data of weak absorbing objects obtained via point-to-point, plane-to-plane (4f setup), and dark-field THz imaging approaches. Experiments were performed at frequencies of 0.3 and 0.6 THz recording THz images using resonance antenna-coupled titanium microbolometers.
1.2 kV reverse blocking Schottky-drain Si–GaN monolithic integrated cascode FET
Authors: Zhang Jiaqi , Zhang Weihang , Wan Jing , Yang Guofang , Wu Yichang , Cheng Ya’nan , Zhang Yachao , Chen Dazheng , Zhao Shenglei , Zhang Jincheng , Zhang Chunfu , Hao Yue 
Published: October 2021

In this work, a novel reverse blocking Schottky-drain Si–GaN monolithic integrated cascode FET was realized for the first time by using transfer printing and self-aligned etching technology. The threshold voltage is up to 4.5 V, which meets the needs of the power electronic system. The on-resistance is 57.1 Ω mm, and the on-voltage is 1.1 V. The forward/reverse breakdown voltage (at 10 µA/mm) reaches 1325/−1240 V for LGD = 18 µm. The mechanism of reverse blocking is proposed and analyzed from the point of view of circuits. In addition, the correctness of the mechanism is verified by simulation and experiment.
Making ab initio QED functional(s): Nonperturbative and photon-free effective frameworks for strong light–matter coupling
Authors: Schäfer Christian , Buchholz Florian , Penz Markus , Ruggenthaler Michael , Rubio Angel 
Published: October 2021

Significance
Strong interaction between light and matter recently attracted enormous interest after seminal work highlighted how materials and chemical reactions can be effectively controlled with cavities, suggesting new quantum technological applications and alternative paths to catalysis. Combining the quantized nature of light and matter is, however, a nontrivial task due to the overwhelming complexity of the combined system. We first motivate a nonperturbative photon-free reformulation of quantum electrodynamics (QED) that recovers, even in its simplest form, the correct physical limits of the original QED problem, providing us with an efficient framework for further developments. By combination with density-functional theory, we obtain the first nonperturbative local density–type functional that describes the quantized interaction between light and matter while remaining computationally feasible.
Investigating translation trainees’ self-perceived competence
Authors: Latorraca Rossella , Aiello Jacqueline 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Pushed by the increasing internationalization of education and recent economic dynamics, training programs are
shifting their focus to acquiring competences and know-how through real-life materials to enhance learners’ employability and
access to the work market. Moreover, recent research has called for the implementation of editing/revision content in translation
programs, overcoming the assumed distance between translation and editing/revision professions. In light of social
constructivism and process-oriented pedagogical trends in translation training, an intensive twenty-hour seminar was designed and
piloted in a Master’s degree program in Specialized Translation with the intent of increasing students’ awareness of the
translation process, including translation revision and their sense of perceived competence. Rasch analysis of pre- and post-test
questionnaires detected positive changes in students’ self-perceived proficiency in translation, translation revision, and
editing, with critical implications for the usefulness of process-oriented, realistic approaches integrating both translation and
editing/revision content in translation training programs.
Priming Maltese plurals
Authors: Nieder Jessica , van de Vijver Ruben , Mitterer Holger 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We investigate the storage and processing of sound and broken plural forms in the Maltese lexicon by means of a cross-modal priming study. The results show no significant differences in reaction time between sound and broken plurals, but indicate a different priming effect for sound than for broken plurals. We argue that the different priming effect is a result of the phonological overlap between sound singulars and their corresponding plurals forms, while broken singulars and their plurals do not share the same phonological structure. Our results support a single-mechanism model of morphological processing in which both frequency of pattern and morphophonological similarity interact.
The need to update NCRP 151 data for 10 MV linear accelerator bunker shielding based on new measurements and Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Rijken J , Towns S , Healy B 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Linear accelerator bunker shielding protocols such as NCRP 151 have previously been tested against a large sample of measured data from real bunkers and machines but differences in per-energy concrete penetration (TVLs) for 10 MV has not yet been resolved. These differences are likely due to historical beam data and can potentially result in over-exposure of radiation workers and the public. This study examines a cohort of clinical linac bunker survey measurements and compares them to popular shielding protocols. Differences were investigated using contemporary beam data for both Monte Carlo simulation and in analytical equations. For primary barriers, NCRP 151 underestimates the dose rate through concrete by on average a factor of 2 with secondary barriers and maze entrance doses having much better agreement. Use of contemporary beam data in Monte Carlo simulation and an analytical equation yielded TVL values much closer to the measured values compared to NCRP 151. The TVL data in NCRP 151 is outdated and needs to be updated based upon the energy spectra of modern linear accelerators. Until then, physicists should use the TVL values shown in this study instead.
Gate‐all‐around nanowire vertical tunneling FETs by ferroelectric internal voltage amplification
Authors: Thoti Narasimhulu , Li Yiming 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This work illustrates the most effective way of utilizing the ferroelectricity for tunneling field-effect transistors (TFETs). The ferroelectric (Hf0.5Zr0.5O2) in shunt with gate-dielectric is utilized as an optimized metal–ferroelectric–semiconductor (OMFS) option to improve the internal voltage (V

int
) for ample utilization of polarization and electric fields of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 across the tunneling region. The modeling of V

int
signifies 0.15–1.2 nm reduction in tunneling length (λ) than the nominal metal–ferroelectric–insulator–semiconductor (MFIS) option. Furthermore, the TFET geometry with the scaled-epitaxy region as vertical TFET (VTFET), strained Si0.6Ge0.4 as source, and gate-all-around nanowire options are used as an added advantage for further enhancement of TFET’s performance. As a result, the proposed design (OMFS-VTFET) achieves superior DC and RF performances than the MFIS option of TFET. The figure of merits in terms of DC characteristics in the proposed and optimized structure are of improved on-current (=0.23 mA μm−1), high on-to-off current ratio (=1011), steep subthreshold swing (=33.36 mV dec−1), and superior unity gain cut-off frequency (≥300 GHz). The design is revealed as energy-efficient with significant reduction of energy-efficiency in both logic and memory applications.
Unsupervised domain adaptation model for lesion detection in retinal OCT images
Authors: Wang Jing , He Yi , Fang Wangyi , Chen Yiwei , Li Wanyue , Shi Guohua 
Published: October 2021

Abstract

Background and objective. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is one of the most used retinal imaging modalities in the clinic as it can provide high-resolution anatomical images. The huge number of OCT images has significantly advanced the development of deep learning methods for automatic lesion detection to ease the doctor’s workload. However, it has been frequently revealed that the deep neural network model has difficulty handling the domain discrepancies, which widely exist in medical images captured from different devices. Many works have been proposed to solve the domain shift issue in deep learning tasks such as disease classification and lesion segmentation, but few works focused on lesion detection, especially for OCT images. Methods. In this work, we proposed a faster-RCNN based, unsupervised domain adaptation model to address the lesion detection task in cross-device retinal OCT images. The domain shift is minimized by reducing the image-level shift and instance-level shift at the same time. We combined a domain classifier with a Wasserstein distance critic to align the shifts at each level. Results. The model was tested on two sets of OCT image data captured from different devices, obtained an average accuracy improvement of more than 8% over the method without domain adaptation, and outperformed other comparable domain adaptation methods. Conclusion. The results demonstrate the proposed model is more effective in reducing the domain shift than advanced methods.
Enhancement of nuclear reactions via the kinetic Weibel instability in plasmas
Authors: Liu Z Y , Li K , Yao Y L , Lei Z , Zhou C T , Zhu S P , He X T , Qiao B 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Nuclear reactions in the plasma environment can be substantially different from those in conventional laboratory non-plasma cases, which have attracted considerable attention in the fields of fusion and astrophysics. To self-consistently model the nuclear reaction process during plasma dynamic evolution, an extended nuclear reaction calculation module is developed and included in two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. Through the self-consistent simulations, we systematically show that, apart from the plasma screening, the kinetic Weibel instability (WI) occurring in plasmas also results in significant enhancement of nuclear reactions, where the self-generated magnetic fields play a key role. Specifically, the self-generated magnetic fields in WI deflect ion motions, decreasing the relative velocity, and convert plasma kinetic energy to thermal energy, increasing the ion temperature. The simulation results show that, for the

t
(
d
,
n
)
α

reaction with a sharp resonance peak in the cross section, the reaction product yield is enhanced four times due to the WI. For nuclear reactions that have more prominent resonance peaks in the cross section, like

12

C

(
p
,
γ
)

13

N

, it is expected that such enhancements can reach up to one or several orders of magnitude.