bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential of Duckweed (Lemnaperpusilla Torr) to improve the taste of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Mayasari N , Said D S , Chrismadha T , Febrianti D 
Published: June 2021

Abstract

Lemna perpusilla Torr is one of the freshwater plants of the duckweed group (family Lemnaceae) spread all over the world that found in inland waters such as ponds, ponds (embung), or paddy fields. This study aims to determine Lemna’s potential use as a feed for tilapia to improve the taste. Three treatments are measured organoleptically. The N1 treatment is for tilapia fed by full Lemna. The N2 treatment is tilapia that fed 50% Lemna and 50% commercial feed. The last treatment, N3 is tilapia that given full commercial feed. Thirty-two semi-trained panelists among Research Center for Limnology workers conducted organoleptic tests on four tilapia preparations. The preparations are in the form of fried fish, whole fresh fish, fillets, and slices. The analysis of the organoleptic test is by the Kruskal Wallis test with a significant level of 10% proceed with the Dunn test if there are substantial differences. The result is that in fried tilapia, there is no real difference in organoleptic colors, odors, and preferences. However, fried tilapia found that the treatment of N2 was better than N1. The same thing also found in fresh whole fish preparations. Organoleptic colors and preferences give the result that N2 is better than N1. While in fillet preparations, the treatment of N2 and N3 compared with N1 gave significantly different effects on the organoleptic components of color and likeness. In sliced fish, significant differences found in organoleptic colors, where N1 and N2 treatments had better color appearance compared to N3. Treatment of 50% Lemna and 50% commercial feed gave better organoleptic results compared to the others.
Mapping of Mature and Young Oil Palm Distributions in a Humid Tropical River Basin for Flood Vulnerability Assessment
Authors: Yamamoto E M S , Sayama T , Yamamoto K , Apip  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Oil palm is one of the key drivers of economic growth in some regions in the humid tropical countries such as Indonesia. Previous studies show that floods risk at particular river basins in Indonesia will increase in the future due to climate change. This will give negative impacts to the sustainable production of palm oil in the future and subsequently the regions’ economy. Discussion on adaptation strategies on this matter is necessary however, the vulnerability of oil palm plantations against floods at river basin scale are still poorly understood. Field surveys for oil palms’ vulnerability at such scale is costly in time, labour and resources, and making use of remote sensing is more feasible. The aim of this study is to use remote sensing in assessing oil palm vulnerability against floods at river basin scale. To achieve this objective two oil palm distribution maps which were developed using Sentinel imageries for years 2015 and 2018 allowing young oil palms to be matured under normal condition. To understand the impact of floods to oil palms, a composite of flood extents using radar scenes for years 2016 and 2017 was developed. Our results show that young oil palms are highly vulnerable to floods compared to matured ones. Only 6% of the earlier could survived floods and be matured in time, while most of the matured ones could survive.
Collective Action in Lake Management (CALM): an Indonesian stocktake
Authors: Abdurrahim A Y , Farida F , Sari R R , Noordwijk M van , Yogaswarai H , Adiwibowo S , Dharmawan A H 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
More than 500 lakes in Indonesia have been recognized as important parts of local economies and, at least in some cases, identity, but there is little literature on resource management and collective action. By reviewing literature and using a ‘serious game’, this paper aims to (1) review some of the currently used generic frameworks for understanding collective action in natural resource management, (2) recount some experiences in supporting collective action in Lake Singkarak, Sumatra and (3) describe early steps in using ‘serious games’ developed elsewhere to increase stakeholder understanding of how upstream land management affects lake quality and functions. Some important findings are that collective action is an important key to sustainable natural resources management and the lake as a complex social-ecological system also requires collective action of multi-stakeholders from upstream to downstream. We recommend the use of DPSIR and Javanese ‘gunungan’ frameworks together with ‘serious game’ to identify socio-ecological problems and build multi-stakeholder collective action. Based on our initial research experience in Lake Singkarak, this combination of methods has succeeded in finding various problems, especially different types of knowledge, ways of knowing, and learning styles from multi-stakeholders. These problems are then used as a basis for finding and forming a common understanding which is then transformed into collective action in lake management.
Variations of springs water conductivity the selected springs at the flank of Mount Rajabasa, Lampung
Authors: Bakti H , Lubis RF , Purwaarminta A , Sukmayadi D , Purwoko W , Mulyono A 
Published: June 2021

AbstractContinuous Electrical conductivity (EC) monitoring has been carried out on springs in the lower slopes of The Mount Rajabasa. The research is intended to find the variation of EC in volcanic springs as a signal to understand groundwater flow regimes. Data evaluation makes use of frequency distribution from statistical methods. The results give clear information for each character of the spring measured at the research site.
Hydro-physical properties of agriculturally used peatlands in Liang Anggang Protected Forest, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Salim A G , Narendra B H , Lisnawati Y , Rachmat H H 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The utilization of peatlands as agricultural areas that do not pay attention to proper water management will result in peatland degradation. To restore the degraded peatlands, it is necessary to explore the peat’s hydrological and physical characteristics. Therefore this study investigates the hydro-physical peat characteristics in the peatlands that have been converted into agricultural use. The research was carried out in the Liang Anggang Protected Forest area, specifically in the area converted to agricultural land. Undisturbed peat samples were collected in both intensive and un-intensive agricultural sites. Peat characteristics were analysed in the laboratory include bulk density, particle density, porosity, total soil water content, and hydraulic conductivity variables. The result shows that peat characteristics in the intensive agricultural land significantly indicate higher bulk density and particle density with the values 0.30 g/cm3 and 0.91 g/cm3, respectively. Still, significantly lower values are found in porosity (66.87%), total soil water content (226.95%), and hydraulic conductivity (0.0025 cm/s). Degraded peatland restoration that functions as a protected forest must be carried out through rewetting activities and maintaining the water table depth. On the other side, the peatland whose function is designated as an agricultural area, wetland farming systems should be applied using adaptive crop species.
Pliocene climate in Indonesia: a review
Authors: Agusta V C , Hendrizan M , Cahyarini S Y , Utami D A , Nurhidayati A U 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Pliocene climate is known as global cooling. However, some study was showing a warm condition during Pliocene. During Pliocene in the tropics, the warm condition mechanisms are still in debate, whether it occurs due to the permanent El Niño or not. Indonesia is the prominent site to study climate from past to present. Several Pliocene climate studies have resulted from records surrounding Indonesia, but not many were found from inside the Indonesian sea. Pliocene records based on Pollen analysis content in Sajau Formation, Northeast Kalimantan, shows that the presence convinces the warm wet climate condition during the late Pliocene of arboreal pollen domination. However, the causing mechanism of warm wet Pliocene climate has remained a question.
Fundamental laboratory experiments of siphon drain for slope stabilization
Authors: Tohari A , Koizumi K , Komatsu M , Ferranie S , Subagja K 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Controlling the groundwater level in the slope can prevent the occurrence of landslides and maintain the stability of soil slopes. This paper aims to present the results of laboratory siphon drain experiments to evaluate the siphon drain effectiveness in lowering the water table in a model slope under different experimental conditions. The objective of the experiments was to observe and document the effect of the siphon well location, the siphon well spacing, and the initial groundwater level on the discharge and groundwater level. Five siphon pipes connected to five flushing units were used to extract the water from the slope. Several plastic manometer tubes were installed to monitor the water table. The laboratory experiments demonstrate that the siphon drains decreased the water level in the slope under different siphon well locations. The water seeping out of the slope toe decreased as the water extracted by the siphon drains increased. However, the siphon drains are useful to decrease the water level in the wells with a high-pressure head. Under high water due to rapid water level rise, the siphon drain can reduce the water table level within the slope up to 10 cm at the steady-state condition. In contrast, the siphon drain can effectively prevent the increase of the water table and further development of the seepage face area at the slope toe under low water level associated with a slow increase of water level.
1-Dimensional analysis of land subsidence in Semarang city due to anthropogenic forces
Authors: Sarah D. , Soebowo E. , Satrio N. A. , Syahbana A. J. , Wirabuana T. , Wahyudin  
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Anthropogenic factors play an important role in land subsidence. The northern part of Semarang City has long suffered from land subsidence since the 1980s. This paper aims to analyze the land subsidence process inthe northern part of the Semarang city due to anthropogenic factors of groundwater exploitation andbuilding loads. The analysis was carried out by using 1-dimensional numerical and analytical models. Results of modeling were subsequently compared to results from stable benchmark monitoring data in Madukoro and Kaligawe. Modeling results show that the contribution of groundwater level decrease accounts for 74-82% of the total subsidence, while the remaining 18-26% is attributed to the building load. The rate and magnitude of subsidence arehigher at thenortheastern part (Kaligawe) due to the thicker aquitard and more rapid groundwater level drop. Comparison of modeling and monitoring results signifies that the land subsidence in the northwestern part (Madukoro) approximately follows the model scenarios of groundwater level drawdown and surface loading;meanwhile the land subsidence rate in Kaligawe exceeds modeling results, most possibly due to the large discrepancy between the current conditions to modeling scenarios, presumably faster groundwater drawdown
Deformation mechanism of boudin structures at the Bulukuning area, Banjarnegara
Authors: Puswanto E , Afif M Al , Farisan A , Hastria D , Raharjo P D , Arisa D , Tuakia M Z 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The greywacke sandstone in the Bulukuning area, Banjarnegara where was previously proposed as the Bulukuning Formation is part of the Luk Ulo Mélange Complex. In general, these molassic deposits show alternation between siltstone and siltstone with thin bedding deposited in the foreland basin. The Eocene sandstones are in some parts associated with the boudin structure, folded and cut by faults in the contractional regime. This study aims to determination of boudin type, structural orientation is highly correlated with deformation mechanism. This mechanism of deformation can be formed in different deformation periods. The correlation between the orientation of the systematic fault P-foliation, Y-shear, and R shows that the formation of boudinage is thought to be affected by the presence of a right movement (dextral), which follows the principle of the riedel shear. The deformation mechanism in the formation of sandstone boudin structures embedded in the scaly clay matrix is thought to be affected by plastic (ductile) by following the simple shear principle.
A Multivariate Analysis of Factors Influencing Green Energy
Authors: Kaur R , Sandhu V , Bhabra K , Kaur H 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Non-renewable energy, fossil fuel are such sources which satisfy energy needs at environmental cost. But renewable sources such as solar, wind, hydrogen and biogas satisfy needs and also protect environment from CO2 emission. The study took data of 2009 to 2019 of India in which relationship and impact of determinants were studied through correlation and multiple regression technique. Green energy drivers are energy security; CO2 emission; and social & economic development. Only renewable energy consumption is positively correlated with Green Energy no other factor is positively correlated with Green energy. CO2 per capita has negative relation with Renewable energy consumption. It means if Renewable energy consumption will increase then there will be decrease in CO2 per capita. Moreover, more Renewable consumption led to Green Energy. The study revealed the impact of independent variables which represents that Renewable energy consumption per capita; Energy usage per capita; renewable energy consumption; and fossil fuel energy consumption plays significant role in influencing Green Energy.
Effect of Expanded Graphite on Nitrate-Based Phase Change Materials being used in Thermal Energy Storage Systems
Authors: Priyanka  , Priya Shanmuga 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This research is focused on the preparation and characterization of new graphite-based phase change material (PCM) for energy storage application. Characterization like microstructure and chemical composition were discussed using XRD and SEM with EDX. Added to the above thermal conductivity of the prepared samples were studied. This PCM is based on nitrate fillers with expanded graphite (EG). Samples were synthesized with EG concentration of 3%, 5%, 7% and 9 wt%. This composite PCM consists of salts and graphite or eutectic. The SEM images shown the uniform distribution of EG into the nitrate based PCM. Thermal conductivity measurement shows the thermal conductivity is increased with EG concentration. The obtained results suggest that the graphite-based nitrate PCM is a promising element to use in high thermal energy storage applications.
Suitable Sites Identification for Solid Waste Disposal Using Geographic Information System and Analytical Hierarchy Process Method in Debark Town, Northwestern Ethiopia
Authors: Jothimani Muralitharan , Geberslasie Asmamaw , Duraisamy Radhakrishnan 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Proper site selection for solid waste disposal is a significant issue in the management of solid waste. The present study has been carried out in Debark town, Amhara region, Northwestern Ethiopia, with an analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method and geographic information system (GIS) tools to locate the suitable solid waste disposal sites. In the present study, the following eleven thematic layers such as groundwater level, lithology, land use/land cover, precipitation, soil types, elevation, and slope, distance from the (drainages, springs, lineaments, and roads), and their sub-criteria have been used for the selection of suitable solid waste disposal sites. The above-mentioned thematic factors and their sub-criteria standardized weights and consistency ratios have been calculated and checked using the AHP method. The outcome of this study shows (2 km2 area) 2.50%, (3 km2 area) 3%, and (77 km2 area) 94.5% of the area is highly, moderately, and unsuitable, respectively, for the siting the solid waste disposal site in the present study area. The current study results show the effectiveness of GIS tools and the AHP method in solid waste disposal site selection analysis.
Don’t Transfer Waste, Transform Waste: A Sustainable Approach Towards Zero Waste Events Initiative During Hockey World Cup in Bhubaneshwar, India
Authors: Bahl M , Dua S , Patro A , Mahajan N 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This paper is based on the planning, execution and implementation of solid waste management in the Hockey World Cup hosted by the city of Bhubaneswar and implemented by GIZ (German Development Cooperation). Zero Waste Plan was prepared wherein establishment of a zero-waste facility; collection of waste in colour coded bins of capacity 120l; hands on training provided to the operational staff for ensuring proper segregation. Approximately 1000kgs/day of waste was segregated, out of which 30% organic, 25% Plastic, 30% Paper, 10% Metal and Glass and 5% of rejects. The initiative was successful in diverting more than 90% waste for recycling. Sustainable waste management has been exemplified in the Hockey World Cup 2018, making Bhubaneswar a pioneer city to host large event as a Zero Waste event. Well integrated, efficient and socially inclusive system was ensured in alignment with long term vision of Government of India and Smart City Missions.
Construction and Demolition Waste as an Alternative of Rigid Pavement Material: A Review
Authors: Vilas Meena Ram , Singh Chouhan Harshwardhan , Kumar Jain Jitendra , Kumar Satankar Raj 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Current study involves review of waste material from construction and demolition activities, further utilised in construction of rigid payment. Recently Government has placed strong emphasis to utilize solid waste in different manner to reduce or decrease their negative environmental impacts, in Indian context such type of work is limited, and we are progressively working toward it. This study presents a summarised overview of studies conducted in India using RCA (Recycled concrete aggregate), RAP (Recycled Asphalt Pavement) and WFS (Waste Foundry Sand). Research has reported effective use of RAP, RCA or WFS with partial replacement of aggregates and cement, however workability issue has to be identified and further research may be done.
Impact of Aspect Ratio of Floor Plan on the Energy Performance of Office Rooms in New Delhi, India
Authors: Kumari Rashmi 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
The use of efficient building design strategies at the inception of the building project helps to improve the overall building energy performance. This paper focuses on the effect of aspect ratio of the floor plan on the energy performance of a building to reduce the energy demand of the office buildings. The other factors deciding energy performance of a building, like orientation, floor area, floor height, floor number and window to wall ratio, have been kept constant. The simulation is performed in Design Builder software, and the energy consumptions at different assumed cases have been analysed using correlation and regression analysis technique, thoroughly to find the optimum solution. The findings of this research will be useful in providing solutions for the reduction of energy demand of the office buildings in the study area.
The urban-rural polarisation of political disenchantment: an investigation of social and political attitudes in 30 European countries
Authors: Kenny Michael , Luca Davide 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRelatively little research has explored whether there is a systemic urban-rural divide in the political and socioeconomic attitudes of citizens across Europe. Drawing on individual-level data from the European Social Survey, we argue that there are strong and significant differences between the populations in these different settings, especially across western European countries. We suggest that this divide is a continuum, running on a gradient from inner cities to suburbs, towns and the countryside. The differences are explained by both composition and contextual effects, and underscore how a firmer appreciation of the urban-rural divide is integral to future place-based policy responses.
Adult House Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Response to Black Soldier Fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) Associated Substrates and Potential Volatile Organic Compounds Identification
Authors: Adjavon Fatim J M A , Li Xueling , Hu Bin , Dong Lu , Zeng Honghong , Li Chujun , Hu Wenfeng 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), larvae are suspected to inhibit house flies, Musca domestica (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae), seeking oviposition sites. However, the mechanisms regulating these interactions are not well known. In this study, a Y-tube olfactometer was used to determine whether black soldier fly eggs, larvae, puparia (without pupae inside), adult carcasses, or resulting frass of black soldier fly decrease attractiveness of adult house flies to an oviposition substrate (i.e., sugar and wheat bran diet, used as the control). Secondly, two symbiotic bacteria associated were isolated, identified, and tested for house fly attractiveness with a Y-tube olfactometer. Thirdly, volatile organic compounds produced by swine feed before and after black soldier fly, or house fly larval digestion were analyzed with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Results indicate feed mixed with black soldier fly larval frass, and symbiotic bacteria, Paenalcaligenes sp. associated with black soldier fly, were less attractive to house flies than the control. However, another symbiotic bacterium Lysinibacillus sp. associated with black soldier fly pupae was attractive. In total, 52 volatile organic compounds were identified from treatments previously described. Quantitative differences in volatile profiles across treatments potentially explain the mechanism regulating house fly substrate choices in the presence, or absence, of black soldier fly larvae.
Risk Attitudes and Conflict in the Household
Authors: Serra-Garcia Marta 
Published: June 2021

AbstractRisk attitudes determine decision making by individuals. Theoretically, heterogeneity in risk attitudes also affects household behaviour, increasing or decreasing marital instability, depending on whether households benefit primarily from sharing public goods or risk. Using a nationally representative sample with repeated measurements of risk attitudes, this paper shows that intrahousehold heterogeneity in risk attitudes is an economically and statistically significant predictor of future marital instability. Consistent with models of public good sharing, preference heterogeneity is associated with less public good sharing. Furthermore, risk attitudes converge within stable households over time. These findings highlight the empirical relevance of risk attitudes in explaining household behaviour.