bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A numerical study of 21-cm signal suppression and noise increase in direction-dependent calibration of LOFAR data
Authors: Mevius M , Mertens F , Koopmans L V E , Offringa A R , Yatawatta S , Brentjens M A , Chapman E , Ciardi B , Gan H , Gehlot B K , Ghara R , Ghosh A , Giri S K , Iliev I T , Mellema G , Pandey V N , Zaroubi S 
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT
We investigate systematic effects in direction-dependent gain calibration in the context of the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) 21-cm Epoch of Reionization (EoR) experiment. The LOFAR EoR Key Science Project aims to detect the 21-cm signal of neutral hydrogen on interferometric baselines of 50–250 λ. We show that suppression of faint signals can effectively be avoided by calibrating these short baselines using only the longer baselines. However, this approach causes an excess variance on the short baselines due to small gain errors induced by overfitting during calibration. We apply a regularized expectation–maximization algorithm with consensus optimization (sagecal-co) to real data with simulated signals to show that overfitting can be largely mitigated by penalising spectrally non-smooth gain solutions during calibration. This reduces the excess power with about a factor of 4 in the simulations. Our results agree with earlier theoretical analysis of this bias-variance trade off and support the gain-calibration approach to the LOFAR 21-cm signal data.
Nickel import and export in the human pathogenHelicobacter pylori, perspectives from molecular modelling
Authors: Camporesi Giulia , Minzoni Arianna , Morasso Luca , Ciurli Stefano , Musiani Francesco 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe uptake of essential metal ions and the ability to extrude them when their excess causes toxicity are crucial processes for all living beings. Nickel is a virulence factor for several human pathogens and in particular for the human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori because of its crucial role in the catalytic activity of two Ni-dependent enzymes, urease and hydrogenase. H. pylori requires efficient uptake mechanisms to import Ni(II) because of its scarcity in the human body, but the molecular details of Ni(II) homeostasis are not fully known. Here we offer a structural framework for the machinery of Ni(II) import/export in H. pylori, obtained through comparative modelling and macromolecular docking. The model structures reported in this perspective are initial steps towards the understanding of these processes at the molecular level and in the direction to exploit them to eradicate infections caused by this family of pathogens. The differences between the structural models obtained by using both the recently released neural network-based approach implemented in AlphaFold2 and a more classical user-driven modelling procedure are also discussed.
Complexities in the role of acetylation dynamics in modifying inducible gene activation parameters
Authors: Carrera Samantha , O’Donnell Amanda , Li Yaoyong , Nowicki-Osuch Karol , Yang Shen-Hsi , Baker Syed Murtuza , Spiller David , Sharrocks Andrew D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
High levels of histone acetylation are associated with the regulatory elements of active genes, suggesting a link between acetylation and gene activation. We revisited this model, in the context of EGF-inducible gene expression and found that rather than a simple unifying model, there are two broad classes of genes; one in which high lysine acetylation activity is required for efficient gene activation, and a second group where the opposite occurs and high acetylation activity is inhibitory. We examined the latter class in more detail using EGR2 as a model gene and found that lysine acetylation levels are critical for several activation parameters, including the timing of expression onset, and overall amplitudes of the transcriptional response. In contrast, DUSP1 responds in the canonical manner and its transcriptional activity is promoted by acetylation. Single cell approaches demonstrate heterogenous activation kinetics of a given gene in response to EGF stimulation. Acetylation levels modify these heterogenous patterns and influence both allele activation frequencies and overall expression profile parameters. Our data therefore point to a complex interplay between acetylation equilibria and target gene induction where acetylation level thresholds are an important determinant of transcriptional induction dynamics that are sensed in a gene-specific manner.
Lucy Hutchinson’s Guide to Domestic Catechesis
Authors: McQuade Paula 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This essay proposes that we can better understand Lucy Hutchinson’s manuscript, ‘On the Principles of the Christian Religion’, by considering it in relation to ministerial guides to domestic catechesis. Guides to catechesis were a popular religious genre in sevententh-century England and were most often composed by ministers as part of their pastoral duties; they provided explanations of the Westminster Shorter Catechism and were designed for use within godly homes. ‘On the Principles’ resembles these ministerial guides both thematically and structurally. But Hutchinson elaborates and expands the genre to reflect her own concerns and experience as a catechizing mother, just as she adapts the epic genre in ‘Order and Disorder’. By composing a guide to domestic catechesis for her daughter, Hutchinson draws upon the authority accorded to mothers in domestic catechesis while emulating ministerial authority. Hutchinson’s adaptation of this ministerial genre reveals her views concerning the role of domestic catechesis within Christian community as well as her understanding of the relationship between women’s teaching and ministerial authority.
Utilization and Meaningfulness of National Association of Neonatal Nurse Practitioners' Mentoring Toolkit Activities
Authors: Moss Colleen Reilly 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Mentoring is a process in which a more skilled or experienced person builds a supportive relationship with a less experienced person to promote the latter's professional development. The National Association of Neonatal Nurse Practitioners (NANNP) supports the establishment of formalized mentoring programs for neonatal nurse practitioners (NNPs) and published a mentoring toolkit in 2017. Completing suggested activities outlined in the toolkit promotes the incorporation of evidence-based practice into the NNP professional role.

Purpose:
This quality improvement project's purpose was to measure utilization and meaningfulness of NANNP mentoring toolkit activities.

Methods:
A convenience sample of 21 nurse practitioners was paired in 2 mentoring cohorts. Dyads were encouraged to meet monthly to complete NANNP mentoring toolkit activities in the context of a formalized mentoring program. Monthly data were collected to evaluate use and meaningfulness of the toolkit activities. Quantitative data included frequency and length of mentoring meetings, activities completed, and ratings of meaningfulness on a Likert-type scale.

Results:
Six of the 9 (67%) NANNP mentoring activities completed by the 2 cohorts were rated as “meaningful” or “very meaningful” by participants.

Implications for Practice and Research:
Activities from the NANNP mentoring toolkit provide structure to mentoring relationship development. Recognizing the challenge to recruit and retain NNPs, organizations are encouraged to explore creative solutions to develop and support formalized mentoring programs. Further research is warranted to validate use of NANNP toolkit activities in the establishment and evaluation of a formalized mentoring program in various neonatal intensive care unit settings.
The Needs of NICU Fathers in Their Own Words
Authors: Merritt Linda , Maxwell Jazmine , Urbanosky Cameryn 
Published: November 2021

Background:Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses need a better understanding of fathers' needs and perceptions in order to provide more family holistic care. Previous research aimed at exploring fathers' experiences in the NICU resulted in identifying some needs; however, these studies mostly occurred outside the United States where practices may differ. Therefore, research is needed to explore NICU fathers' needs within the United States.Purpose:The purpose of this study was to explore the needs of fathers who previously had a premature infant in the NICU.Methods:This qualitative descriptive study used semistructured interviews collected to obtain in-depth knowl-edge of fathers' needs in the NICU. Twenty-eight fathers were recruited through 3 parent support organizations: Hand to Hold, NICU Parent Support Network, and March of Dimes.Results:Results revealed 3 themes: need for support, clarity and to be recognized.Implications for Practice:Fathers have specific needs in the NICU that need to be addressed and that may differ from mothers. Awareness of addressing fathers' needs promotes more holistic care to fathers, supports coping within the NICU environment and the multifaceted impact of the experience, and helps them engage in the care of their infant.Implications for Research:Further research is needed to explore the needs of fathers from diverse backgrounds and those who perceive to be or are less involved in their infant's care as well as their experiences and needs related to the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Comparative research is also needed to identify differences between mothers' and fathers' needs in order to determine interventions that promoting more holistic, family-centered care.
Neonatal Nurses' Report of Family-Centered Care Resources and Practices
Authors: Weber Ashley , Kaplan Heather , Voos Kristin , Elder Mason , Close Emma , Tubbs-Cooley Heather , Bakas Tamilyn , Hall Sue 
Published: November 2021

Background:
A paucity of studies describes the prevalence of family-centered care (FCC) practices and resources in US neonatal units.

Purpose:
To identify US prevalence of FCC practices and resources and to identify the largest gaps in resource provision.

Methods:
Neonatal nurses completed an online survey through national conferences (eg, NANN educational conference), neonatal organization Web sites (eg, NANN research survey), and social media (eg, NANN and NPA Facebook). Nurses provided demographics and the National Perinatal Association Self-Assessment on Comprehensive Family Support, a 61-item checklist of FCC practices and resources from 6 categories: family-centered developmental care, staff education/support, peer support, palliative care, discharge education, and mental health support.

Results:
Nurses (n = 103) reported lowest resources for Peer Support and Mental Health Support. About a third had a neonatal intensive care unit parent advisory committee (n = 39; 37.9%). Only 43.7% (n = 45) had necessary amenities for families to stay with their infants. Less than a third felt that mental health professionals were adequately staffed to provide counseling to parents (n = 28; 27.5%). Very few nurses had adequate training on providing parents psychological support (n = 16; 15.8%). More than half (n = 58; 56.3%) stated that all staff receive training in family-centered developmental care. Finally, less than half (n = 42; 40.8%) stated that staff see parents as equal members of the care team.

Implications for Practice:
We demonstrate a consistent and widespread lack of training provided to neonatal staff in nearly every aspect of comprehensive FCC support.

Implications for Research:
Researchers need to identify unit/organizational interventions that increase adoption and implementation of FCC practices and resources.
Understanding Self-reported Hearing Disability in Adults With Normal Hearing
Authors: Kamerer Aryn M. , Harris Sara E. , Kopun Judy G. , Neely Stephen T. , Rasetshwane Daniel M. 
Published: November 2021

Objectives:
Despite a diagnosis of normal hearing, many people experience hearing disability (HD) in their everyday lives. This study assessed the ability of a number of demographic and auditory variables to explain and predict self-reported HD in people regarded as audiologically healthy via audiometric thresholds.

Design:
One-hundred eleven adults (ages 19 to 74) with clinically normal hearing (i.e., audiometric thresholds ≤25 dB HL at all octave and interoctave frequencies between 0.25 and 8 kHz and bilaterally symmetric hearing) were asked to complete the 12-item version of the Speech, Spatial, and Qualities of Hearing Scale (SSQ12) as a measure of self-reported HD. Patient history and a number of standard and expanded measures of hearing were assessed in a multivariate regression analysis to predict SSQ12 score. Patient history included age, sex, history of noise exposure, and tinnitus. Hearing-related measures included audiometry at standard and extended high frequencies, word recognition, otoacoustic emissions, auditory brainstem response, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, and FM detection threshold.

Results:
History of impulse noise exposure, speech-intelligibility index, and FM detection threshold accurately predicted SSQ12 and were able to account for 40% of the SSQ12 score. These three measures were also able to predict whether participants self-reported HD with a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 86%.

Conclusions:
Although participant audiometric thresholds were within normal limits, higher thresholds, history of impulse noise exposure, and FM detection predicted self-reported HD.
Risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage and mortality in adult patients with severe respiratory failure managed using veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Wu Xiaojing , Li Min , Cai Ying , Zhai Tianshu , Zhang Yi , Zhan Qingyuan , Gu Sichao 
Published: November 2021

Abstract

Background:
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most severe complications during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO). This study aimed to determine the risk factors for ICH and mortality in such patients.

Methods:
We analyzed the clinical data of 77 patients who received VV-ECMO due to severe respiratory failure from July 2013 to May 2019 at China-Japan Friendship Hospital. Demographical data, laboratory indices, imaging characteristics, and other clinical information were collected. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for ICH and mortality.

Results:
Of 77 patients, 11 (14.3%) suffered from ICH, and 36 (46.8%) survived. The survival rate was significantly lower (18.2% [2/11] vs. 51.5% [34/66], P = 0.040) in patients with ICH than in those without ICH. Multivariable analysis revealed that factors independently associated with ICH were diabetes mellitus (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 12.848, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.129–146.188, P = 0.040) and minimum fibrinogen during ECMO (aOR: 2.557, 95% CI: 1.244–5.252, P = 0.011). Multivariable analysis showed that factors independently associated with mortality were acute hepatic failure during ECMO (aOR: 9.205, 95% CI: 1.375–61.604, P = 0.022), CO2 retention before ECMO (aOR: 7.602, 95% CI: 1.514–38.188, P = 0.014), and minimum platelet concentration during ECMO (aOR: 0.130, 95% CI: 0.029–0.577, P = 0.007).

Conclusions:
Diabetes mellitus and minimum fibrinogen concentration during ECMO are risk factors for ICH in patients with severe respiratory failure managed using VV-ECMO. This indicated that anticoagulants use and nervous system monitoring should be performed more carefully in patients with diabetes when treated with VV-ECMO due to severe respiratory failure.
Safety and Effectiveness of Hyaluronic Acid Filler, VYC-20L, via Cannula for Cheek Augmentation: A Randomized, Single-Blind, Controlled Study
Authors: Jones Derek , Palm Melanie , Cox Sue Ellen , McDermott Michelle , Sartor Marta , Chawla Smita 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND
Using cannulas to deliver facial fillers may reduce adverse events (AEs) compared with needle injection.

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of VYC-20L (20 mg/mL hyaluronic acid gel with lidocaine) via cannula for midface age-related volume deficit.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
This multicenter, evaluator-blind, randomized, within-subject, controlled study enrolled adults with moderate to severe Mid-Face Volume Deficit Scale (MFVDS) scores. VYC-20L was administered in one cheek via cannula (with optional needle use in the zygomaticomalar region) and in the other cheek via needle. The primary effectiveness end point was the mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) paired difference between treatments in MFVDS score change from baseline to Month 1; an upper CI limit of less than 0.5 determined noninferiority. Injection-site responses (ISRs), procedural pain, and AEs were assessed.

RESULTS
Of 60 randomized and treated subjects, the mean change in MFVDS score from baseline to Month 1 was −1.8 with cannulas and −1.9 with needles, providing a mean (95% CI) paired difference of 0.1 (−0.05 to 0.25). Most ISRs were mild/moderate and resolved within 2 weeks. Procedural pain was minimal, and no serious AEs were reported.

CONCLUSION
VYC-20L for cheek augmentation was safe and effective using a cannula and noninferior to needle injection.
Systematic Review of Technical Variations for Mohs Micrographic Surgery for Melanoma
Authors: Krausz Aimee E. , Higgins H. William , Etzkorn Jeremy , Sobanko Joseph , Shin Thuzar , Giordano Cerrene , McMurray Stacy L. , Golda Nicholas , Maher Ian A. , Leitenberger Justin J. , Bar Anna , Nijhawan Rajiv I. , Srivastava Divya , Brewer Jerry D. , Baum Christian L. , Holmes Todd E. , Goldman Glenn D. , Bordeaux Jeremy , Carroll Bryan , Macarthur Kelly , Miller Christopher J. 
Published: November 2021

BACKGROUND
Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) for cutaneous melanoma is becoming more prevalent, but surgical technique varies.

OBJECTIVE
To define variations in published techniques for MMS for melanoma.

METHODS AND MATERIALS
A systematic review was performed of PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases to identify all articles describing surgical techniques for MMS for melanoma. Technical details were recorded for the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases of MMS.

RESULTS
Twenty-four articles were included. Mohs surgeons vary in how they assess clinical margins, how wide a margin they excise on the first MMS layer, and how they process tissue to determine tumor stage and margin clearance during MMS for melanoma.

CONCLUSION
Mohs micrographic surgery for melanoma is performed with varied surgical techniques. To establish best practices, additional research is necessary to determine how different techniques affect outcomes.
Effect of Collagen Nerve Wrapping in a Rabbit Peripheral Neuropathy Model
Authors: Huddleston Hailey P. , Shah Neil V. , Kurtzman Joey S. , Dar Qurratul-Ain , Wang Hanbin , Carter John , Hayes Westley T. , Avoricani Alba , Dua Karan , Koehler Steven M. 
Published: November 2021

Background:
Collagen nerve wraps (CNWs) theoretically allow for improved nerve gliding and decreased perineural scarring, and create a secluded environment to allow for nerve myelination and axonal healing. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of CNWs on nerve gliding as assessed by pull-out strength and nerve changes in a rabbit model of peripheral neuropathy.

Methods:
Ten New Zealand rabbits were included. Sham surgery (control) was performed on left hindlimbs. To simulate compressive neuropathy, right sciatic nerves were freed of the mesoneurium, and the epineurium was sutured to the wound bed. Five rabbits were euthanized at 6 weeks [scarred nerve (SN); n = 5]. Neurolysis with CNW was performed in the remaining rabbits at 6 weeks (CNW; n = 5), which were euthanized at 22 weeks. Outcomes included peak pull-out force and histopathological markers of nerve recovery (axonal and Schwann cell counts).

Results:
The CNW group demonstrated significantly higher pull-out forces compared with the CNW sham control group (median: 4.40N versus 0.37N, P = 0.043) and a trend toward greater peak pull-out forces compared with the SN group (median: 4.40N versus 2.01N, P = 0.076). The CNW group had a significantly higher median Schwann cell density compared with the CNW control group (CNW: 1.30 × 10−3 cells/μm2 versus CNW control: 7.781 × 10−4 cells/μm2, P = 0.0431) and SN group (CNW: 1.30 × 10−3 cells/μm2 versus SN: 7.31 × 10−4 cells/μm2, P = 0.009). No significant difference in axonal density was observed between groups.

Conclusion:
Our findings suggest using a CNW does not improve nerve gliding, but may instead play a role in recruiting and/or supporting Schwann cells and their proliferation.
Modified Incision for Muscle-sparing Latissimus Dorsi to Increase Flap Perfusion in the Morbidly Obese
Authors: Schwartz Jean-Claude D. 
Published: November 2021

Summary:
The muscle-sparing latissimus dorsi flap relies on perforators from the descending branch of the thoracodorsal artery. Previous descriptions placed a transverse skin island independent of perforator location, as any design was thought to capture enough perforators to ensure flap survival. We have found this approach prone to complications when attempting breast reconstruction in obese patients who require large flap volumes. Although the most proximal perforators have the most reliable blood flow, inclusion of these perforators reduces the arc of rotation, as the flap would be close to the pivot point at the most cranial point of muscle division, leaving significant volume in the axilla. Here we describe a modified skin incision that includes all of the proximal perforators but also allows us free design of the skin island to harvest those areas of the back with maximal subcutaneous tissue and with enough distance from the pivot point to optimize arc of rotation.
Patient-Reported Problem Areas in Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Borgen Ida M. H. , Kleffelgård Ingerid , Hauger Solveig L. , Forslund Marit V. , Søberg Helene L. , Andelic Nada , Sveen Unni , Winter Laraine , Løvstad Marianne , Røe Cecilie 
Published: November 2021

Objective:
The aims of this study were to (1) assess self-reported main problem areas reported by patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their family members in the chronic phase, and (2) compare the self-prioritized problems with difficulties captured by questionnaires and neuropsychological screening through linking to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).

Setting:
Outpatient clinic at the Oslo University Hospital, Norway.

Participants:
In total, 120 patients with TBI were recruited, of whom, 78 had a participating family member. Eligibility criteria were a clinical TBI diagnosis with verified intracranial injury, living at home, aged 18 to 72 years, 2 years or more postinjury, and experiencing perceived TBI-related difficulties, reduced physical and mental health, or difficulties with participation in everyday life. Patients with severe psychiatric or neurological disorders or inability to participate in goal-setting processes were excluded.

Design:
Cross-sectional.

Main Measures:
Target Outcomes, that is, 3 main TBI-related problem areas reported by patients and family members, collected in a semistructured interview; standardized questionnaires of TBI-related symptoms, anxiety, depression, functioning, and health-related quality of life; neuropsychological screening battery.

Results:
Target Outcomes were related to cognitive, physical, emotional, and social difficulties. Target Outcomes were linked to 12 chapters and 112 distinct categories in the ICF, while standardized measures only covered 10 chapters and 28 categories. Some aspects of post-TBI adjustment were found to be insufficiently covered by the ICF classification, such as identity issues, lack of meaningful activities, and feeling lonely.

Conclusion:
The Target Outcomes approach is a useful assessment method in a population with chronic TBI. The standardized questionnaires capture the spectrum of problems, whereas the Target Outcomes approach captures the prioritized individual problems hindering everyday life after TBI. While the standardized measures are an irreplaceable part of the assessment, Target Outcomes ensures patient involvement and may help clinicians better tailor relevant rehabilitation efforts.