bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of survival-related alternative splicing signatures in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Zhang Biyu , Yang Lei , Wang Xin , Fu Denggang 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Aberrant RNA alternative splicing (AS) variants play critical roles in tumorigenesis and prognosis in human cancers. Here, we conducted a comprehensive profiling of aberrant AS events in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). RNA AS profile, including seven AS types, and the percent spliced in (PSI) value for each patient were generated by SpliceSeq using RNA-seq data from TCGA. Univariate followed by multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to identify survival-related AS events and develop the AS signatures. A nomogram was developed, and its predictive efficacy was assessed. About 27,892 AS events and 3,178 events were associated with overall survival (OS) after strict filtering. Parent genes of survival-associated AS events were mainly enriched in leukemia-associated processes including chromatin modification, autophagy, and T-cell receptor signaling pathway. The 10 AS signature based on seven types of AS events showed better efficacy in predicting OS of patients than those built on a single AS event type. The area under curve (AUC) value of the 10 AS signature for 3-year OS was 0.91. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) confirmed that these survival-related AS events contribute to AML progression. Moreover, the nomogram showed good predictive performance for patient's prognosis. Finally, the correlation network of AS variants with splicing factor genes found potential important regulatory genes in AML. The present study presented a systematic analysis of survival-related AS events and developed AS signatures for predicting the patient’s survival. Further studies are needed to validate the signatures in independent AML cohorts and might provide a promising perspective for developing therapeutic targets.
Multi-omic analyses of hepatocellular carcinoma to determine immunological characteristics and key nodes in gene-expression network
Authors: Wang Zhihui , Zhang Shuijun 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor worldwide, but effective immunotherapy is still limited for those affected. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore the specific mechanisms governing tumor immunity to improve the survival rate for those diagnosed with HCC. In the present study, we performed a new immune stratification of HCC samples into two subclasses (A and B) from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the International Cancer Genome Consortium databases, and comprehensive multi-omic analyses of major histocompatibility complex genes, gene copy-number variations, somatic mutations, DNA methylation, and non-coding RNAs. Subclass A was found to have a higher survival rate compared with subclass B, and there were significant immunological differences between the two clusters. Based on these differences, we identified DRD1 and MYCN as key hub genes in the immune-phenotype gene expression regulatory network. These results provide novel ideas and evidence for HCC regulatory mechanisms that may improve immunotherapy for this cancer.
The Impact of Intervention Dose Form on Oral Language Outcomes for Children With Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Frizelle Pauline , Tolonen Anna-Kaisa , Tulip Josie , Murphy Carol-Anne , Saldana David , McKean Cristina 
Published: July 2021

Purpose

The aim of this study was to extract key learning from intervention studies in which qualitative aspects of dosage,
dose form
, have been examined for children with developmental language disorder (DLD)—in vocabulary, morphosyntax, and phonology domains. This research paper emerged from a pair of systematic reviews, aiming to synthesize available evidence regarding qualitative and quantitative aspects of dosage. While quantitative aspects had been experimentally manipulated, the available evidence for
dose form
(tasks or activities within which teaching episodes are delivered) was less definitive. Despite this, the review uncovered insights of value to DLD research.

Method

A preregistered systematic review (PROSPERO ID: CRD42017076663) adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was completed. Included papers were quasi-experimental, randomized controlled trial, or cohort analytic studies, published in any language between January 2006 and May 2019; oral language interventions with vocabulary, morphosyntax, or phonology outcomes; and participants with DLD (
M
= 3–18 years). The intention was to include papers in which dose form was experimentally manipulated or statistically analyzed, while quantitative dosage aspects were controlled, such that definitive conclusions about optimal dose form could be drawn and gaps in the evidence identified.

Results

Two hundred and twenty-four papers met the above inclusion criteria; 27 focused on
dose form
. No study controlled for all quantitative aspects of dosage such that we could effectively address our original research questions. Despite this, key points of learning emerged with implications for future research.

Conclusions
There is tentative evidence of advantages for explicit over implicit instruction and of the benefits of variability in input, elicited production, and gestural and other visual supports. With careful design of dose form, there is potential to design more efficient interventions. Speech-language pathology research would benefit from an agreed taxonomy of dose form components and standardized reporting of intervention studies, to enable cross-study comparisons and a systematic accrual of knowledge to identify optimal dose form for clinical application.
User‐centric data communication service strategy for 5G vehicular networks
Authors: Zhou Ying , Zhang Yuexia 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTo solve the problems of unbalanced network loads, poor network throughput, and low user transmission rate in 5th generation (5G) vehicular networks, a user‐centric data communication service (UCDCS) strategy is proposed for 5G vehicular networks. First, the UCDCS model is established. The access roadside unit group (ARSUG) is updated in real‐time according to predictions of vehicle mobility. Then, a data communication service resource allocation algorithm based on game theory that considers the network load cost, throughput cost, and vehicle benefit is developed. Based on the results of the algorithm, roadside unit (RSU) selection based on entropy weight is performed and the best RSU for data communication is selected according to the different service preferences of each vehicle. This improves the transmission rate for users and realizes network load balance to ensure the quality of service for users. The simulation results show that the transmission rate of the UCDCS strategy is 35.16%, 23.46%, and 47.74% higher than those of the traditional handover management (THOM), improved mobility management (IMM), and network‐centric network selection strategies (NCNS), respectively; correspondingly, the link reliability is at least 0.07% higher, and the network delay is at least 5.96% smaller for the UCDCS strategy.
Application of multi‐source information fusion based on D‐S evidence theory in insulation defect identification of DC XLPE cable
Authors: Xu Yongpeng , Li Zhe , Huang Guanglei , Qian Yong , Sheng Gehao , Jiang Xiuchen 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDuring the installation and laying process of cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) cable, it is difficult to avoid the influence of external harsh environment, which leads to insulation deterioration and failure. The partial discharge and leakage current play an important role in formation mechanism, characteristic law and identification technology of DC XLPE cable defect. However, the defect identification accuracy of single source data is limited. The correlation between partial discharge and leakage current of typical defect is analysed here. Based on the shape characteristic parameters of typical DC partial discharge spectrum and the energy characteristic parameters of leakage current wavelet decomposition node, a weighted Dempster–Shafer (D‐S) evidence theory is used to fuse and identify different information sources. The results show that the classification rate of the proposed method can reach 88%, which can effectively identify insulation defects.
PaI‐Net: A modified U‐Net of reducing semantic gap for surgical instrument segmentation
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Wang Luyao , Zhong Xingyu , Bai Cong , Huang Xiaojie , Zhao Ruiyi , Xia Ming 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTracking the instruments in a surgical scene is an essential task in minimally invasive surgery. However, due to the unpredictability of scenes, automatically segmenting the instruments is very challenging. In this paper, a novel method named parallel inception network (PaI‐Net) is proposed, in which an attention parallel module (APM) and an output fusion module (OFM) are integrated with U‐Net to improve the segmentation ability. Specially, APM utilizes multi‐scale convolution kernels and global average pooling operations to extract semantic information and global context information of different scales, while OFM combines the feature maps of the decoder part to aggregate the abundant boundary information of shallow layers and the rich semantic information of deep layers together, which achieve a significant improvement in generating segmentation masks. Finally, the evaluation of proposed method on robotic instruments segmentation task from Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention Society (MICCAI) and retinal image segmentation task from International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) show that our model has achieved advanced performance on multi‐scale semantic segmentation and is superior to the current state‐of‐the‐art models.
Bandwidth‐extended single‐input switchable Doherty power amplifier based on dual compensating reactance with adjusted drain voltage
Authors: Liu Rui‐Jia , Zhu Xiao‐Wei , Xia Jing , Zhang Lei , Yu Chao , Teng Dan‐Dan , Li Hao‐Tian 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis study presents a switchable Doherty power amplifier (S‐DPA) based on dual compensating reactance and adjusted drain voltage with 124% fractional bandwidth (FBW) using single‐input architecture. The proposed S‐DPA can be operated in wideband mode (WB‐MOD) and dual‐band mode (DB‐MOD) with a larger power back‐off region through one‐click switching directly. The needed back‐off impedance in both operation modes is achieved by using the dual compensating reactance for bandwidth extension. Meanwhile, a load modulation enhancement technique through adjusting the drain voltage of both the carrier and peaking amplifiers is proposed for proper load modulation in DB‐MOD. To verify the proposed techniques, an S‐DPA was designed and fabricated. Measurement results show that the proposed S‐DPA has an efficiency of 51.3%–70.3% at saturated power of higher than 43.4 dBm over the frequency band of 0.8–3.4 GHz with 124% FBW. The 6‐dB back‐off efficiency in WB‐MOD (1.3–2.9 GHz) is 45.3%–56.1% and the 8‐dB back‐off efficiency in DB‐MOD (0.8–1.3 GHz & 2.9–3.4 GHz) is 41.6%–57.9%. 80‐MHz modulated signals with 6.2‐dB and 8.2‐dB peak to average power ratios are used to evaluate the modulated signal performance in two modes. The DPA can achieve an average efficiency of up to 56% with high linearity after digital pre‐distortion linearisation.
Adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) controller design on single‐phase full‐bridge inverter with a cascade fractional‐order PID voltage controller
Authors: Saadat Seyyed Amirhosein , Ghamari Seyyed Morteza , Mollaee Hasan , Khavari Fatemeh 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAdaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) technique is a significant alternative of research which is structured with a combination of two soft‐computing strategies of fuzzy logic and artificial neural network. The design of ANFIS controller for a single‐phase full‐bridge inverter with pulse width modulation is demonstrated here in the presence of different disturbances. Moreover, an LC filter is designed to decrease the disturbing harmonics which the stability of the filter can be noted as an important issue. Based on the fuzzy C‐mean clustering method used for decreasing fuzzy rules, the computational burden has been improved resulting in faster dynamic performance. This method considers the system as a black‐box structure which omits the need for an exact model of system and can be an appropriate technique for ill‐defined systems. Additionally, to deal with the variations of supply DC voltage, a fractional‐order proportional‐integral‐derivative controller is designed which is tuned by particle swarm optimiser algorithm and can generate a sinusoidal reference for the system input. This double‐loop control technique is known as cascade control strategy. It can be seen that ANFIS scheme provides appropriate results with less computational burden and simple structure with optimised responses in challenging conditions. The capability of the proposed method is validated for different operating conditions through simulation and experimental results.
Uncertain accessibility estimation method for offshore wind farm based on multi‐step probabilistic wave forecasting
Authors: Zhang Hao , Yan Jie , Han Shuang , Li Li , Liu Yongqian , Infield David 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAccessibility estimation is significant to the offshore wind farm operation and maintenance (O&M) due to the extremely limited weather window and its sensitive effects on O&M tasks. Wave forecasting can be one solution to help maintenance decision‐making. However, the uncertain and dynamic properties of wave forecasts are seldom considered in the accessibility estimation process. This paper presents an uncertain accessibility estimation method based on a multi‐step probabilistic wave height forecasting (MPWHF) model and Monte Carlo simulation. First, an MPWHF model is proposed using the wavelet decomposition and the sequence to sequence (Seq2Seq) network with quantile outputs. Second, the O&M missions are randomly given a start time and simulated in the O&M flow chart by the Monte Carlo method. Finally, several access indexes, including accessibility probability, delay time, and delay probability, are evaluated based on the simulation results. Verification of the proposed MPWHF model and uncertain accessibility estimation is based on 7‐year observation data of a buoy station. The results show that the MPWHF model outperforms other counterparts and the probability of offshore accessibility is nonlinearly dependent on the weather limits and the O&M required time.
Robust adaptive Kalman filter for strapdown inertial navigation system dynamic alignment
Authors: Zhu Bing , Li Ding , Li Zuohu , He Hongyang , Li Xing 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe measurement noise covariance R plays a vital role in the Kalman filter (KF) algorithm. Traditionally, a constant R is obtained by experience or experiments. However, the KF cannot achieve optimal estimation using constant R under non‐Gaussian conditions. A robust strategy for adaptive estimation of R is proposed to suppress the influence of non‐Gaussian noise on the in‐motion alignment performance of the Doppler velocity log (DVL) velocity‐aided strapdown inertial navigation system (SINS). Furthermore, an improved Sage–Husa robust adaptive KF algorithm (SHRAKF) based on the Mahalanobis distance (MD) algorithm is proposed to handle the outliers that frequently occur within the complicated underwater environment. The contributions of this work are twofold—the SHRAKF (1) designs a robust strategy to adaptively estimate R in real time and (2) further improves filtering robustness and adaptability with the MD algorithm, conditional on the DVL outputs being contaminated by non‐Gaussian noise. A semi‐physical simulation experiment for SINS/DVL in‐motion alignment based on the test data is carried out, and the experimental results show that the SHRAKF adaptively estimates R in real time and effectively suppresses observational outliers. For non‐Gaussian noise pollution, including outliers and heavy‐tailed noise, the SHRAKF performs better than traditional methods.
Arthroscopy of the Pediatric Elbow: Review of the Current Concepts
Authors: Xiao Ryan , Cirino Carl , Williams Christine , Hausman Michael 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAs surgeons have become more familiar with elbow arthroscopy, the indications for arthroscopy of the pediatric elbow have expanded to include contracture releases, fracture fixation, treatment of osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) lesions, correction of elbow deformity, and debridement of soft tissue and bony pathologies. The treatment of various pathologies via an arthroscopic approach demonstrates equal, if not better, efficacy and safety as open surgery for the pediatric elbow. Arthroscopy provides the unique advantage of enabling the performance of extensive surgeries through a minimally-invasive approach, and it facilitates staged interventions in cases of increased complexity. For fracture work, arthroscopy enables direct visualization to assess reduction for percutaneous fixations. While future research is warranted to better evaluate the indications and outcomes of pediatric elbow arthroscopy, this update article presents a review of the current literature, as well as several innovative cases highlighting the potential of arthroscopy.
Analysis of Our Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Distal Radius Fractures in Adults: Are We Over Operating?
Authors: Cross George W.V. , Saini Ramandeep S. , Monem Mohammed , Sofat Rajesh 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background Fractures of the distal radius are a common injury. The British Orthopaedic Association (BOA) and The British Society for Surgery of the Hand (BSSH) have released new guidelines outlining the management of these fractures, specifically identifying “thresholds for intervention,” based on radiological parameters for management with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).
Questions/Purposes Have our distal radius fractures (DRFs), previously managed with ORIF, met the new guidelines' thresholds for intervention, based on radiological parameters?
Patients and Methods A retrospective assessment of DRFs treated with ORIF was performed between January 2017 and August 2018. Patients were categorized into three cohorts based on their age. The five radiological parameters of ulnar variance, dorsal tilt, radial inclination, radial height, and intra-articular step were measured on the initial plain radiograph, “pre-manipulation film,” postplaster application radiograph, and “post-manipulation film.”These were compared with the “thresholds for intervention” outlined in the BOA/BSSH guidelines.
Results A total of 94 patients underwent an ORIF with a mean age of 56 years (range 17–86 years). As many as 75.74% of patients on the ”pre-manipulation film” met the “threshold for intervention” on at least one radiological parameter, while 53.57% of patients on the “post-manipulation” met at least one “threshold for intervention.” Dorsal tilt was the parameter that most often met the threshold in both films at 53.37% and 40.11%, respectively.
Conclusion Within our trust, there is a tendency to over manage the distal radius fracture with ORIF, potentially resulting in unnecessary operations. Education surrounding the new guidelines will better serve our decision-making.
Level of Evidence This is a level III study.
Ecological sensitivity within human realities concept for improved functional biodiversity outcomes in agricultural systems and landscapes
Authors: Vogt Melissa Anne Beryl 
Published: July 2021

AbstractSustainable agricultural landscapes seek to improve environmental, societal and economic outcomes locally and internationally. They depend on functionally biodiverse agricultural systems, i.e., systems that include diversity in plants and/or crops and maintain productive function. These systems are variably defined and are not adequately or consistently represented or ensured across agricultural landscapes. The variability results in inconsistent productive function, and minimally biodiverse agricultural systems and landscapes that degrade the environment, preventing consistent increases in functional biodiverse systems across farming landscapes and impeding long-term societal and economic benefit. The article answers the question: how can the Ecological Sensitivity within Human Realities (ESHR) concept improve consistent and more thorough increases in functional biodiversity outcomes from human natural environment interactions as a conceptual explanation. The ESHR concept for functional biodiversity is introduced and explained using an integrated narrative literature review. Motivation to develop and present the ESHR is an observed and identified need to emphasize the human influence on functional biodiversity outcomes and encourage sensitivity of human interactions with the natural environment through more detailed considerations that might better ensure consistent outcomes. Existing and commonly used concepts that seek to improve biodiversity in agricultural systems are compared to the ESHR to demonstrate novelty. New understandings of ecological and human conditions in coffee farming landscapes are not introduced, instead, the concept substantiates (1) functionally biodiverse agricultural systems rely on consistently functional ecological interactions and processes for all system and landscape complexities by structure, heterogeneity, and interactions, between and across systems; (2) human interactions are influenced by variability in the human condition across individuals and societal groups, referred to as human realities. When compared to the selection of existing concepts of similar intentions it demonstrates to combine strengths of different concepts with improved opportunity for contextual adaptations. Comparatively consistent, comprehensive considerations and functional biodiversity outcomes are encouraged and expected with the use of the ESHR. Recommendations for future use and research are provided.
Room-temperature continuous-wave vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers based on 2D layered organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites
Authors: Zhang Hongbo , Hu Yuzhong , Wen Wen , Du Bowen , Wu Lishu , Chen Yu , Feng Shun , Zou Chenji , Shang Jingzhi , Fan Hong Jin , Yu Ting 
Published: July 2021

Two-dimensional (2D) layered lead halide perovskites with large exciton binding energies, efficient radiative recombination, and outstanding environmental stability are regarded as supreme candidates for realizing highly compact and ultralow threshold lasers. However, continuous-wave (CW) pumped lasing of 2D lead halide perovskites, as the precondition for the electrically pumped lasing, is still challenging. Here, we tackled this challenge by demonstrating lasing emission in phenylethylammonium lead iodide [(PEA)2PbI4] embedded in a vertical microcavity under continuous pumping at room temperature. The millimeter-sized (PEA)2PbI4 single crystal was obtained from a two-step seed-growth method, showing high crystallization, excellent thermal stability, and outstanding optical properties. We used the exfoliated (PEA)2PbI4 thin flake as the gain medium to construct a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), showing robust single-mode CW lasing operation with an ultra-low threshold of 5.7 W cm−2 at room temperature, attributed to strong optical confinement in the high-Q cavity. Our findings provide a strategy to design and fabricate solution-based 2D perovskite VCSELs and mark a significant step toward the next-generation of coherent light sources.