bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyamine metabolism links gut microbiota and testicular dysfunction
Authors: Zhao Qi , Huang Jian-Feng , Cheng Yan , Dai Man-Yun , Zhu Wei-Feng , Yang Xiu-Wei , Gonzalez Frank J. , Li Fei 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Male fertility impaired by exogenous toxins is a serious worldwide issue threatening the health of the new-born and causing infertility. However, the metabolic connection between toxic exposures and testicular dysfunction remains unclear.

Results
In the present study, the metabolic disorder of testicular dysfunction was investigated using triptolide-induced testicular injury in mice. We found that triptolide induced spermine deficiency resulting from disruption of polyamine biosynthesis and uptake in testis, and perturbation of the gut microbiota. Supplementation with exogenous spermine reversed triptolide-induced testicular dysfunction through increasing the expression of genes related to early and late spermatogenic events, as well as increasing the reduced number of offspring. Loss of gut microbiota by antibiotic treatment resulted in depletion of spermine levels in the intestine and potentiation of testicular injury. Testicular dysfunction in triptolide-treated mice was reversed by gut microbial transplantation from untreated mice and supplementation with polyamine-producing Parabacteroides distasonis. The protective effect of spermine during testicular injury was largely dependent on upregulation of heat shock protein 70s (HSP70s) both in vivo and in vitro.

Conclusions
The present study linked alterations in the gut microbiota to testicular dysfunction through disruption of polyamine metabolism. The diversity and dynamics of the gut microbiota may be considered as a therapeutic option to prevent male infertility.
A combination of invasive and non-invasive techniques for the study of the palette and painting structure of a copy of Raphael's Transfiguration of Christ
Authors: Manzano Eloísa , Blanc Rosario , Martin-Ramos J. Daniel , Chiari Giacomo , Sarrazin P. , Vilchez Jose Luis 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The main objective of this study is to establish an appropriate method for the characterization of the pigments, materials and structure of the paint layers in a copy of the painting the Transfiguration of Christ by Raffaello Sanzio. A multi-technique approach that combines elemental, molecular and structural analyses and involves optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX), μ-Attenuated Total Reflection–Fourier Transform InfraRed (µATR-FTIR), μ-Raman spectrometry (µRS) and non-invasive portable diffractometer (pXRD) was used. Our results revealed that this copy of the Transfiguration was executed with a palette, which includes white lead (cerussite and hydrocerussite), lazurite from lapis lazuli pigment, red and yellow earths (goethite, hematite and lepidocrocite), lead tin yellow, cinnabar, red lake, smalt and bone black, and fillers such as calcite, baryte (an impurity associated to some pigments), and traces of colorless powdered glass. A secondary objective of this research was the application of non-invasive in situ pXRD measurements, which do not require painting sampling and helped to confirm some inconclusive results obtained with other techniques regarding the artist's palette. The results showed the crystalline nature of all the pigments identified, which were known from ancient times and available during the 16th and 17th. Lastly, the used of 14C accelerator mass spectrometry determined that the canvas date was 1451–1633 AD (with a 95% confidence level). Although the main focus of the work was to improve the analytical methodology to better understand the artist’s palette, our results will further help us to explore the authorship of the copy or the school that executed it.

Graphical Abstract
Predicting students’ flow experience through behavior data in gamified educational systems
Authors: Oliveira Wilk , Tenório Kamilla , Hamari Juho , Pastushenko Olena , Isotani Seiji 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe flow experience (i.e., challenge-skill balance, action-awareness merging, clear goals, unambiguous feedback, concentration, sense of control, loss of self-consciousness, transformation of time, and autotelic experience) is an experience highly related to the learning experience. One of the current challenges is to identify whether students are managing to achieve this experience in educational systems. The methods currently used to identify students’ flow experience are based on self-reports or equipment (e.g., eye trackers or electroencephalograms). The main problem with these methods is the high cost of the equipment and the impossibility of applying them massively. To address this challenge, we used behavior data logs produced by students during the use of a gamified educational system to predict the students’ flow experience. Through a data-driven study (N = 23) using structural equation modeling, we identified possibilities to predict the students’ flow experience through the speed of students’ actions. With this initial study, we advance the literature, especially contributing to the field of student experience analysis, by bringing insights showing how to step towards automatic students’ flow experience identification in gamified educational systems.
Diagnostic Performance of Artificial Intelligence-Centred Systems in the Diagnosis and Postoperative Surveillance of Upper Gastrointestinal Malignancies Using Computed Tomography Imaging: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy
Authors: Chidambaram Swathikan , Sounderajah Viknesh , Maynard Nick , Markar Sheraz R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Upper gastrointestinal cancers are aggressive malignancies with poor prognosis, even following multimodality therapy. As such, they require timely and accurate diagnostic and surveillance strategies; however, such radiological workflows necessitate considerable expertise and resource to maintain. In order to lessen the workload upon already stretched health systems, there has been increasing focus on the development and use of artificial intelligence (AI)-centred diagnostic systems. This systematic review summarizes the clinical applicability and diagnostic performance of AI-centred systems in the diagnosis and surveillance of esophagogastric cancers.

Methods
A systematic review was performed using the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Review, and Scopus databases. Articles on the use of AI and radiomics for the diagnosis and surveillance of patients with esophageal cancer were evaluated, and quality assessment of studies was performed using the QUADAS-2 tool. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of sequencing methodologies.

Results
Thirty-six studies that described the use of AI were included in the qualitative synthesis and six studies involving 1352 patients were included in the quantitative analysis. Of these six studies, four studies assessed the utility of AI in gastric cancer diagnosis, one study assessed its utility for diagnosing esophageal cancer, and one study assessed its utility for surveillance. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 73.4% (64.6–80.7) and 89.7% (82.7–94.1), respectively.

Conclusions
AI systems have shown promise in diagnosing and monitoring esophageal and gastric cancer, particularly when combined with existing diagnostic methods. Further work is needed to further develop systems of greater accuracy and greater consideration of the clinical workflows that they aim to integrate within.
Multi-class deep learning segmentation and automated measurements in periodontal sonograms of a porcine model
Authors: Pan Ying-Chun , Chan Hsun-Liang , Kong Xiangbo , Hadjiiski Lubomir M. , Kripfgans Oliver D. 
Published: November 2021

Objectives: Ultrasound emerges as a complement to cone-beam computed tomography in dentistry, but struggles with artifacts like reverberation and shadowing. This study seeks to help novice users recognize soft tissue, bone, and crown of a dental sonogram, and automate soft tissue height (STH) measurement using deep learning. Methods: In this retrospective study, 627 frames from 111 independent cine loops of mandibular and maxillary premolar and incisors collected from our porcine model (N = 8) were labeled by a reader. 274 premolar sonograms, including data augmentation, were used to train a multi class segmentation model. The model was evaluated against several test sets, including premolar of the same breed (n = 74, Yucatan) and premolar of a different breed (n = 120, Sinclair). We further proposed a rule-based algorithm to automate STH measurements using predicted segmentation masks. Results: The model reached a Dice similarity coefficient of 90.7±4.39%, 89.4±4.63%, and 83.7±10.5% for soft tissue, bone, and crown segmentation, respectively on the first test set (n = 74), and 90.0±7.16%, 78.6±13.2%, and 62.6±17.7% on the second test set (n = 120). The automated STH measurements have a mean difference (95% confidence interval) of −0.22 mm (−1.4, 0.95), a limit of agreement of 1.2 mm, and a minimum ICC of 0.915 (0.857, 0.948) when compared to expert annotation. Conclusion: This work demonstrates the potential use of deep learning in identifying periodontal structures on sonograms and obtaining diagnostic periodontal dimensions.
SOLUTION OF THE TRANSPORT TASK WITH FUZZY DEFINED TARIFFS
Authors: Agapova Elena G. , Popova Tatyana M. 
Published: November 2021

Optimization tasks containing uncertainty in their formulation have great importance. For example, the optimization problem of delivering fine-flow cargo in the conditions of a large city by the method of fuzzy with-medium. This method is designed to break the set of elements on fuzzy subsets. Which in turn makes it possible to distribute peripheral points in areas, based on additional conditions. The use of the apparatus of the theory of fuzzy sets simplifies the formulation and description of the tasks. This article discusses the construction of the optimal plan of the transport problem, in which the specific costs of transportation are fuzzy sets. The model example built a plan for transportation in a changing tariff. The solution to this task allows you to develop the most rational ways and ways to transport goods, eliminate excessively distant, counter, re-transport. All this reduces the time promotion of goods, reduces the costs of enterprises and firms related to the implementation of the supply processes with raw materials, materials, fuel, equipment, etc. The algorithm and methods of solving the transport task can be used in solving some economic tasks that do not have anything in common with transportation of cargo.
Purpose. Finding the optimal solution of the transport task with fuzzy specific tariffs.
Methodology in article use linear programming methods, elements of the theory of fuzzy sets.
Results: Obtained an algorithm for finding the optimal solution of the transport problem with unclearly defined tariffs.
Practical implications it is expedient to apply the received results for transport planning, for solving some economic problems.
DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR ANALYZING AND UNLOADING ROAD TRAFFIC USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Akhmetov Linar M. , Bikov Danir I. , Khamidullin Marat R. 
Published: November 2021

Every year the growth rate of cars in Russia will continue to grow, which will complicate the organization of road traffic. Therefore, innovations in the automotive industry, such as smart traffic lights, are needed to regulate traffic more efficiently.
Purpose – development of a system for analyzing and unloading road traffic to improve the situation at intersections, automating road traffic by introducing artificial intelligence, assembling a working model of a traffic light based on Arduino.
Method or methodology of work: the article considers a project to analyze and track and unload vehicles at an intersection.
Results: a mock-up of a traffic light based on an Arduino UNO microcontroller was assembled and a neural network was developed for analyzing and unloading road traffic in real time in Python.
Scope of the results: the results obtained should be applied to the most congested road sections.
Online Assortment Optimization with Reusable Resources
Authors: Gong Xiao-Yue , Goyal Vineet , Iyengar Garud N. , Simchi-Levi David , Udwani Rajan , Wang Shuangyu 
Published: November 2021

We consider an online assortment optimization problem where we have n substitutable products with fixed reusable capacities [Formula: see text]. In each period t, a user with some preferences (potentially adversarially chosen) who offers a subset of products, St, from the set of available products arrives at the seller’s platform. The user selects product [Formula: see text] with probability given by the preference model and uses it for a random number of periods, [Formula: see text], that is distributed i.i.d. according to some distribution that depends only on j generating a revenue [Formula: see text] for the seller. The goal of the seller is to find a policy that maximizes the expected cumulative revenue over a finite horizon T. Our main contribution is to show that a simple myopic policy (where we offer the myopically optimal assortment from the available products to each user) provides a good approximation for the problem. In particular, we show that the myopic policy is 1/2-competitive, that is, the expected cumulative revenue of the myopic policy is at least half the expected revenue of the optimal policy with full information about the sequence of user preference models and the distribution of random usage times of all the products. In contrast, the myopic policy does not require any information about future arrivals or the distribution of random usage times. The analysis is based on a coupling argument that allows us to bound the expected revenue of the optimal algorithm in terms of the expected revenue of the myopic policy. We also consider the setting where usage time distributions can depend on the type of each user and show that in this more general case there is no online algorithm with a nontrivial competitive ratio guarantee. Finally, we perform numerical experiments to compare the robustness and performance of myopic policy with other natural policies.This paper was accepted by Gabriel Weintraub, revenue management and analytics.
High-performance inverted evanescently coupled waveguide integrated MUTC-PD with high response speed
Authors: Wang Fangli , Zhang Bojian , Wang Liang 
Published: November 2021

Here we propose an inverted evanescently-coupled waveguide modified uni-traveling-carrier photodiode (IECWG MUTC-PD) and verify the character numerically. In this photodiode, the epitaxial structure is inverted from p-i-n to n-i-p, and a diluted waveguide is applied. The material of capacitance control layer is optimized to realize energy band compensation and capacitance control. Such structure possesses a large electric field in the whole depletion region and has a uniform light absorption, which improves the space charge effect. As a result, the PD achieves a 3-dB bandwidth of 71.9 GHz with a

35

µ

m

2

active area at

−

5

V

bias voltage and an internal responsivity of 0.59 A/W in 7-µm long short PD with a 200-nm-thick absorption layer.
Femtosecond laser double pulse Bessel beam ablation of silicon
Authors: Chu Dongkai , Li Weizhen , Qu Shuoshuo , Dong Xinran , Yao Peng 
Published: November 2021

Here, a double pulse Bessel beam was acquired by modulating a femtosecond laser Gaussian beam from both spatial and temporal scales. The double pulse Bessel beam ablation of silicon was studied systematically. The experimental results showed that when the time delay was 0.5 ps, the ablation efficiency slightly increased. As the time delay increased from 0.5 to 100 ps, the ablation rate was significantly suppressed, which could be attributed to the fact that the time delay was longer than the time for free electron density reaching its maximum value approximately 150 fs. Moreover, the morphology of the ablation spot indicated that the time delay had a significant effect on the changes in morphology. More importantly, a different time delay affected the percentage of oxygen on the processed spot. Finally, using the double pulse Bessel beam ablation of silicon, controllable antireflection and superhydrophobic functional surfaces could be easily obtained.
The effect of systemic administration of salicylate on the auditory cortex of guinea pigs
Authors: Kenmochi Mutsumi , Ochi Kentaro , Kinoshita Hirotsugu , Miyamoto Yasuhiro , Koizuka Izumi 
Published: November 2021

Objective
To investigate the effect of systemic administration of salicylate as a tinnitus inducing drug in the auditory cortex of guinea pigs.

Methods
Extracellular recording of spikes of the primary auditory cortex and dorsocaudal areas in healthy male albino Hartley guinea pigs was continuously performed (pre- and post-salicylate).

Results
We recorded 160 single units in the primary auditory cortex from five guinea pigs and 156 single units in the dorsocaudal area from another five guinea pigs. The threshold was significantly elevated after the administration of salicylate in both the primary auditory cortex and dorsocaudal areas. The Q10dB value was significantly increased in the primary auditory cortex, whereas it has significantly decreased in the dorsocaudal area. Spontaneous firing activity was significantly decreased in the primary auditory cortex, whereas it has significantly increased in the dorsocaudal area.

Conclusion
Salicylate induces significant changes in single units of both stimulated and spontaneous activity in the auditory cortex of guinea pigs. The spontaneous activity changed differently depending on its cortical areas, which may be due to the neural elements that generate tinnitus.
CicerSpTEdb: A web-based database for high-resolution genome-wide identification of transposable elements in Cicer species
Authors: Mokhtar Morad M. , Alsamman Alsamman M. , Abd-Elhalim Haytham M. , El Allali Achraf 
Published: November 2021

Recently, Cicer species have experienced increased research interest due to their economic importance, especially in genetics, genomics, and crop improvement. The Cicer arietinum, Cicer reticulatum, and Cicer echinospermum genomes have been sequenced and provide valuable resources for trait improvement. Since the publication of the chickpea draft genome, progress has been made in genome assembly, functional annotation, and identification of polymorphic markers. However, work is still needed to identify transposable elements (TEs) and make them available for researchers. In this paper, we present CicerSpTEdb, a comprehensive TE database for Cicer species that aims to improve our understanding of the organization and structural variations of the chickpea genome. Using structure and homology-based methods, 3942 C. echinospermum, 3579 C. reticulatum, and 2240 C. arietinum TEs were identified. Comparisons between Cicer species indicate that C. echinospermum has the highest number of LTR-RT and hAT TEs. C. reticulatum has more Mutator, PIF Harbinger, Tc1 Mariner, and CACTA TEs, while C. arietinum has the highest number of Helitron. CicerSpTEdb enables users to search and visualize TEs by location and download their results. The database will provide a powerful resource that can assist in developing TE target markers for molecular breeding and answer related biological questions.
Database URL: http://cicersptedb.easyomics.org/index.php
The Pokémon Go Phenomenon: Essays on Public Play in Contested Spaces, Jamie Henthorn, Andrew Kulak, Kristopher Purzycki and Stephanie Vie (eds) (2019)
Authors: Klass Jes 
Published: November 2021

Review of: The Pokémon Go Phenomenon: Essays on Public Play in Contested Spaces, Jamie Henthorn, Andrew Kulak, Kristopher Purzycki and Stephanie Vie (eds) (2019)
Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 235 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-47667-413-1, p/bk, US$39.95
Cultural transformation and translation
Authors: Güneş İskender 
Published: November 2021

Along with the cultural transformation and renewal process of the world, the need for reinterpretation in the field of translation has come to the fore. The increase in cultural activities and transformations has led to the emergence of new dimensions in the communication and interaction of societies. Especially after the second half of the 20th century, the rapid social, economic and cultural mobility, which started to gain a new dimension, intensified the cultural interaction, and also led to the production of many written and oral works in this field. The dimensions of cultural data transfer, including these produced works, have begun to increase. The most important role in the transfer of these data between cultures and languages ​​is the translation institution, which has the importance of a cultural carrier beyond being a purely linguistic transmission tool. In this study, firstly, the concept of culture is examined within the general framework. Following this, the concept of translation and its relationship with the phenomenon of culture are discussed. In the study, an answer is sought to the question of what exactly is understood from the concept of culture. Finally, the complementarity effect of the concepts of translation and culture is emphasized.
​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.
Özet
Dünyanın geçirdiği kültürel dönüşüm ve yenilenme süreci ile çeviri sürecini yeniden yorumlanma ihtiyacı ön plana çıkmaya başlamıştır. Kültürel faaliyetlerin ve dönüşümlerin yaşanmasındaki artış toplumların iletişim ve etkilişimde de yeni boyutların ortaya çıkmasına neden olmuştur. Özellikle 20. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından sonra yaşanmaya başlayan hızlı sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel hareketlilik yeni bir boyut kazanmaya başlayan kültürel etkileşimin yoğunlaşmasını sağlarken bu alanda birçok yazılı ve sözlü eserin üretilmesine de yol açmıştır. Üretilen bu eserler de dahil olmak üzere kültürel veri transferinin boyutları da artmaya başlamıştır. Bu verilerin kültürler ve diller arasında transferindeki en önemli rol ise salt dilsel aktarım aracı olmasından öte kültürel bir taşıyıcılık önemi de haiz olan çeviri müssesesindedir. Bu çalışmada ilk olarak kültür kavramı genel çerçeve içerisinde ele alınarak irdelenmektedir. Bunu müteakiben ise çeviri kavramı ve kültür olgusu ile olan ilişkisi ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmada kültür kavramından tam olarak neyin anlaşılmakta olduğu sorusuna cevap aranmaktadır. Nihai olarak ise çeviri ve kültür kavramlarının birbirine yaptığı tamamlayıcılık etkisi üzerinde durulmaktadır.
Zunz in Prag: Ein vergessenes Kapitel in der jüdischen Kultreform
Authors: Hecht Louise 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The paper addresses an under-researched chapter in the history of the Jewish Reform movement which is at the same time a commonly overlooked period in the biography of Leopold Zunz (1794–1886), one of the founding members of Wissenschaft des Judentums. By placing his eight-month appointment as a preacher to the Reform synagogue in Prague in its socio-political and biographical contexts, the article sheds new light at Zunz’s commitment for the religious renewal of Judaism. A schematic comparison between the development of the Reform movement in the German lands and the Habsburg Monarchy, at the beginning of the nineteenth century highlights the role of state involvement into internal Jewish affairs. Finally, the analysis of Zunz’s Synagogenordnung from 1836, according to the original manuscript from the National Library of Israel, allows a re-evaluation of the (Reform) synagogue as an institution for social disciplining of its members.