bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of ethical leadership on innovative performance: modeling the mediating role of intellectual capital
Authors: Ullah Irfan , Mirza Bilal , Jamil Amber 
Published: April 2021

PurposeRecent research studies have increasingly suggested leadership as a major antecedent to encourage innovative work behavior among business employees. Empirical studies which investigated the influence of various leadership aspects such as style and ethics on employees' innovative performance and unraveled the mechanism through which leadership exerts its impact on employees' innovative work behavior were restricted. Thus, the purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between ethical leadership and employees' innovative performance by focusing on the mediating role of two forms of the intellectual capital (IC), i.e. human capital and social capital.Design/methodology/approachData for present research were collected through in person administered questionnaire-based survey from the managerial level employees of the targeted sample of the manufacturing firms. Furthermore, due consideration was given while selecting the individuals from R&D departments of these organizations, who were typically involved in knowledge-intensive jobs and where application of intellectual assets was needed.FindingsEthical leadership was observed as to positively influencing employees' innovative performance. Two forms of IC, i.e. human capital and social capital were observed as playing mediating role in the ethical leadership – employees' innovative performance relationship.Originality/valueThe contemporary research study adds value in the literature of the ethical leadership. The most imperative theoretical contribution of the present research study underlines the psychological process, i.e. IC by which ethical leaders encourage innovative behavior among employees.
Collapse of public buildings, stability checks and the roles of facility managers in Ghana
Authors: Kidido Joseph Kwaku , Wuni Ibrahim Yahaya , Ansah Edward 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThe study investigated the perceived causes of structural failure of public buildings, frequency of stability checks, stability checking procedures, measures to enhance public building stability checks and the roles of facility managers in the Accra Metropolis of Ghana.Design/methodology/approachFollowing a comprehensive literature review, the study employed a structured questionnaire survey and gathered the opinions of sixty-seven facility managers on the facility management practices. Following statistical pretesting of the dataset for reliability, distribution and agreement among the responses, the study analysed the dataset using mean scoring and weighted analysis.FindingsThe analysis showed that external building inspectors rarely inspect stability checks of the studied public buildings in Accra. It is also found that both reactive and proactive stability checking protocols are implemented in public buildings in Accra, but inadequate knowledge of facility managers limits technical stability checks. The study further revealed that stability checks of public buildings can be enhanced through incorporating site and location conditions into the design early upfront, active engagement of facility managers in the design and construction of public buildings, adequate budgetary provisioning for planned maintenance of public buildings, and encouraging appropriate use of public buildings.Originality/valueThis paper, to the best of the authors' knowledge, represents the first attempt to comprehensively examine the causes of structural failure of public buildings, frequency of stability checks, stability checking procedures, measures to enhance public building stability checks and the roles of facility managers in Ghana, from the perspective facility management.
Exploring the linkages between job demands and recovery self-efficacy: a resource perspective of the school–work interface
Authors: Liu Min-Shi , Wang Mei-Ling , Lee Chun Hsien 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the indirect impact of job demands on recovery self-efficacy via the mediation of job burnout. The study also investigates the moderating effects of school-to-work facilitation and psychological detachment in the indirect relationship between job demands and recovery self-efficacy.Design/methodology/approachThe study recruited and surveyed 263 employed graduate students in the executive master of business administration program in Taiwan. Regression analysis was used to examine the proposed relationships.FindingsThe results showed that job burnout mediated the relationship between job demands and recovery self-efficacy. The relationship was weaker when school-to-work facilitation and psychological detachment were high.Originality/valueThis study confirms the indirect effects of job demands on recover self-efficacy through job burnout and provides new insights into the role of school-to-work facilitation and psychological detachment to enhance the recovery in the JD-R model.
Self-initiated expatriation and older women: composing a further life
Authors: Myers Barbara , Thorn Kaye , Doherty Noeleen 
Published: April 2021

PurposeResearch into self-initiated expatriation (SIE) has increased exponentially, although the focus of these investigations has been on professional workers, and little has been gender specific. The purpose of this research therefore is to explore the career and personal motivations for SIE through the novel lens of older women. In this exploratory study, SIE and socio-emotional selectivity motivation theories (SSTs) are used, in addition to the Kaleidoscope Career Model (KCM), to understand the reasons these women have taken this path.Design/methodology/approachThe paper employs a qualitative methodology, drawing on in-depth life story interviews with 21 women aged 50 or more who had taken a SIE. A five-step narrative process using a story-telling approach was the method of analysis.FindingsThe findings show important contradictions to the extant literature. Career dissatisfaction and escape are key motivations for these women. Further, contrary to SST, these women were seeking novelty–new places and new experiences. These women were also seeking authenticity as suggested by KCM, but also challenge was to the fore–not in the career domain, but in the personal domain. Their motivations for SIE extend beyond the current evidence base and understanding of the phenomena.Originality/valueThe contributions include new insights into the motivational drivers for SIE for these older women and the importance of timing as facilitators of SIE. The SIE nomenclature is broadened through the inclusion of older women and beyond professional spheres. An initial framework of a more integrated model is developed from this exploratory study and presented as a basis for beginning to understand the phenomenon of older women undertaking SIE.
Managing organizational paradoxes: a case in the financial industry
Authors: dos Santos Suelen , Marx Roberto 
Published: April 2021

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to contribute to studies on organizational ambidexterity by analyzing how an incumbent company is managing its innovation structures and balancing exploitation and exploration activities to generate value in a digital economy context.Design/methodology/approachThe research was designed in a qualitative format through a single case study in a Brazilian financial institution, with semi-structured interviews conducted with internal and external players.FindingsBased on the case study, two possible contributions emerged as results, to fill the research gap: the need to develop more complex innovation structures, which act in a way that is integrated to the ecosystem; and the establishment of an organizational function, with a specific mandate to seek innovation in new business platforms.Originality/valueAlthough the theory gives evidence about the potential that ambidexterity represents for companies, ‘how’ to orchestrate the trade-offs to achieve it is not clear, particularly in regards to first steps toward ambidexterity. This work aims to contribute to fill this gap through an empirical study in a large Brazilian company, analyzing its trajectory toward ambidexterity.
Dimensions of cost misperceptions obstructing the adoption of sustainable buildings
Authors: Ekung Samuel , Odesola Isaac , Oladokun Michael 
Published: April 2021

PurposeAcross the globe, the dearth of certainty about the cost of sustainable buildings (SBs) remains a critical disincentive to their adoption. This study explored the factually incorrect knowledge about the cost of SBs and their implications on adoption.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted sequenced mixed qualitative and quantitative approaches involving a literature review, Delphi study and survey. Semi-structured and structured self-study questionnaires were administered to a random sample of green building experts, researchers and registered construction professionals with deep knowledge of SB. The dataset from 254 stakeholders was analysed for commonality, principal components and critical misperceptions using multivariate approaches.FindingsThe predominant misperceptions in the study linked low adoption of SB to cost premium, portray cost premium as a property of luxury sustainable features and suggest related practices are suitable for exemplary projects only. The critical misperceptions produced various misinterpretations that inhibit the adoption of SB through the dearth of policies, increased complexities and inflation of budget to curb perceived risks.Practical implicationsThe study buttressed the imperative to improve cost information, knowledge, skills and stakeholders' risk perceptions to increase SB adoption. The results provide insight into the regional misperceptions and knowledge gaps that could explain the low adoption of SB in a typical emerging green market.Originality/valueThe study showed that the prevalent knowledge about the cost of SB among construction stakeholders are unsupported beliefs and directs attention to emerging issues critical to SBs' adoption in emerging markets.
Recognition of workers’ actions from time-series signal images using deep convolutional neural network
Authors: Ogunseiju Omobolanle Ruth , Olayiwola Johnson , Akanmu Abiola Abosede , Nnaji Chukwuma 
Published: April 2021

PurposeConstruction action recognition is essential to efficiently manage productivity, health and safety risks. These can be achieved by tracking and monitoring construction work. This study aims to examine the performance of a variant of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for recognizing actions of construction workers from images of signals of time-series data.Design/methodology/approachThis paper adopts Inception v1 to classify actions involved in carpentry and painting activities from images of motion data. Augmented time-series data from wearable sensors attached to worker's lower arms are converted to signal images to train an Inception v1 network. Performance of Inception v1 is compared with the highest performing supervised learning classifier, k-nearest neighbor (KNN).FindingsResults show that the performance of Inception v1 network improved when trained with signal images of the augmented data but at a high computational cost. Inception v1 network and KNN achieved an accuracy of 95.2% and 99.8%, respectively when trained with 50-fold augmented carpentry dataset. The accuracy of Inception v1 and KNN with 10-fold painting augmented dataset is 95.3% and 97.1%, respectively.Research limitations/implicationsOnly acceleration data of the lower arm of the two trades were used for action recognition. Each signal image comprises 20 datasets.Originality/valueLittle has been reported on recognizing construction workers' actions from signal images. This study adds value to the existing literature, in particular by providing insights into the extent to which a deep CNN can classify subtasks from patterns in signal images compared to a traditional best performing shallow network.
Belgica antarctica (Diptera: Chironomidae): A natural model organism for extreme environments
Authors: Kozeretska Iryna , Serga Svitlana , Kovalenko Pavlo , Gorobchyshyn Volodymyr , Convey Peter 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBelgica antarctica (Diptera: Chironomidae), a brachypterous midge endemic to the maritime Antarctic, was first described in 1900. Over more than a century of study, a vast amount of information has been compiled on the species (3 750 000 Google search results as of January 10, 2021), encompassing its ecology and biology, life cycle and reproduction, polytene chromosomes, physiology, biochemistry and, increasingly, omics. In 2014, B. antarctica’s genome was sequenced, further boosting research. Certain developmental stages can be cultured successfully in the laboratory. Taken together, this wealth of information allows the species to be viewed as a natural model organism for studies of adaptation and function in extreme environments.
The Role of the WTO Secretariat in WTO Disputes – Silent Witness or Ghost Expert?
Authors: Wauters Jasper M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe WTO Secretariat plays an important role in supporting the activities of the WTO membership. This extends to dispute settlement. This paper addresses the question whether the Secretariat may have contributed, directly or indirectly, to the current crisis in the WTO dispute settlement system as has been suggested by some observers. The role of the WTO Secretariat in WTO disputes cannot be underestimated and merits more attention than has been given to it. It would be wrong to blame the Appellate Body crisis on the Secretariat but to ignore its role in the functioning of the WTO dispute settlement system would not be correct either. My focus in this paper is on two related problems that received some attention in WTO reform debates: its role in advising panels and the Appellate Body on legal issues; and its role as ‘invisible experts’ on non‐legal issues such as the assessment of economic arguments and econometric evidence. In particular in the area of providing economic expert advice, there appears to be a problem of legitimacy and due process as a result of the non‐transparent role played by the WTO Secretariat.
Why Reform is Needed: WTO ‘Public Body’ Jurisprudence
Authors: Ahn Dukgeun 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWTO jurisprudence on what constitutes a ‘public body’ has provoked one of the most controversial debates on the legitimacy and integrity of the WTO dispute settlement system and the WTO in general. Dispute settlement panels and the Appellate Body disagree on the interpretation and application of the public body concept, especially when applied to Chinese SOEs. In fact, the interpretation of ‘public body’ in the WTO Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures tackles a more fundamental question of whether the WTO system can handle the state capitalism of China and other non‐market economies within the framework of global trade rules that are primarily designed to deal with free market economies. The fate of the WTO system critically hinges on how legal interpretation of ‘public body’ can address structural differences of members’ economic systems. Addressing this challenge requires WTO members to implement long overdue legal and institutional reforms.
Is the WTO in Sync with the Business Community?
Authors: Alben Elissa , Brown Logan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe World Trade Organization (WTO) and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) have played an important role in creating a predictable framework for companies conducting business internationally. Business leaders continue to express support for the institution in surveys but, privately, trade policymakers and opinion leaders in Geneva have questioned the commitment of business leaders to engage in the work of the WTO. As the institution faces its latest crisis, it is natural for the WTO’s supporters to turn to the business community for help – in making the economic case to policy makers for the rules‐based trading system, in encouraging governments to resolve their differences and make progress on key issues that threaten the system, and in identifying issues and opportunities where the WTO can serve as a forum to support trade‐related economic growth. The time and effort that businesses invest in this work depends, in part, on how they perceive the institution and, at the end of the day, how much they feel they are getting out of it. This paper therefore poses the question of whether the WTO is ‘in sync’ with the business community.
Comparison of a trauma comorbidity index with other measures of comorbidities to estimate risk of trauma mortality
Authors: Jenkins Peter C. , Dixon Brian E. , Savage Stephanie A. , Carroll Aaron E. , Newgard Craig D. , Tignanelli Christopher J. , Hemmila Mark R. , Timsina Lava 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundComorbidities influence the outcomes of injured patients, yet a lack of consensus exists regarding how to quantify that association. This study details the development and internal validation of a trauma comorbidity index (TCI) designed for use with trauma registry data and compares its performance to other existing measures to estimate the association between comorbidities and mortality.MethodsIndiana state trauma registry data (2013–2015) were used to compare the TCI with the Charlson and Elixhauser comorbidity indices, a count of comorbidities, and comorbidities as separate variables. The TCI approach utilized a randomly selected training cohort and was internally validated in a distinct testing cohort. The C‐statistic of the adjusted models was tested using each comorbidity measure in the testing cohort to assess model discrimination. C‐statistics were compared using a Wald test, and stratified analyses were performed based on predicted risk of mortality. Multiple imputation was used to address missing data.ResultsThe study included 84,903 patients (50% each in training and testing cohorts). The Indiana TCI model demonstrated no significant difference between testing and training cohorts (p = 0.33). It produced a C‐statistic of 0.924 in the testing cohort, which was significantly greater than that of models using the other indices (p < 0.05). The C‐statistics of models using the Indiana TCI and the inclusion of comorbidities as separate variables—the method used by the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program—were comparable (p = 0.11) but use of the TCI approach reduced the number of comorbidity‐related variables in the mortality model from 19 to one.ConclusionsWhen examining trauma mortality, the TCI approach using Indiana state trauma registry data demonstrated superior model discrimination and/or parsimony compared to other measures of comorbidities.
Formate test for bedside diagnosis of methanol poisoning
Authors: Hovda Knut Erik , Lao Yvonne Elisabeth , Gadeholt Gaut , Jacobsen Dag 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMethanol poisoning kills thousands of people every year and remains a diagnostic challenge, especially where the resources are scarce, but also in high‐income countries worldwide. We are in the course of developing a bedside strip to detect formate – the toxic metabolite of methanol. We hereby present the first clinical methanol case where formate was detected bedside from a drop of blood: The patient, a 61‐year‐old male, was admitted with a suspect methanol poisoning and severe metabolic acidosis. The test strip was positive after 3 minutes. Sodium bicarbonate (500 mmol/L), fomepizole, dialysis and folinic acid were given based on the positive test. The diagnosis was some hours later confirmed by GC‐MS, showing a methanol concentration of 62 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) and a formate concentration of 19 mmol/L. Implementation of this technology into routine clinical use can potentially offer an opportunity for a step change in the management of methanol poisoning.
972. COELOGYNE CYMBIDIOIDES
Authors: Schuiteman André , Cribb Phillip , Kompalli Bala , Want Terry 
Published: April 2021

SummaryCoelogyne cymbidioides Rchb.f., formerly known as Gynoglottis cymbidioides (Rchb.f.)
J.J.Sm. from the mountains of Sumatra, is illustrated from a plant flowering at Kew. Its taxonomy, habitat in the wild and pollination are discussed. Details of its successful cultivation are given.
975. STROBILANTHES HAMILTONIANA
Authors: Wood John R.I. , Adhikari Bhaskar 
Published: April 2021

SummaryStrobilanthes hamiltonianais described and illustrated. It is named after Francis Buchanan‐Hamilton who discovered it in Assam in 1808. Over the years, it has been known under different names which reflect both taxonomic changes and the variability of the species. Wild forms from the Himalayan region are predominantly white‐ or pale lilac‐flowered, whereas cultivated and naturalized plants found elsewhere are pink‐flowered and nearly always sterile. Propagation is, therefore, by cuttings. It is widely cultivated in places with a tropical climate or where tropical conditions can be replicated. It has become widely naturalized and even invasive on some oceanic islands.
Board committees and director departures
Authors: Jagannathan Murali , Krishnamurthy Srinivasan , Spizman Joshua 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe examine whether directors utilize private information obtained through their committee memberships to depart from firms prior to the revelation of their poor performance. Such departures raise the concern that directors leave the firm when they are most needed. Utilizing private information to make decisions in their personal interest may also violate the directors’ fiduciary duties. We focus on departures of audit committee members since information regarding earnings quality should be available to them prior to public release. The departure of audit committee members who serve on multiple boards is coincident with a deterioration in earnings quality. Other directors do not appear to time their departure based on declines in earnings quality. Results from examining the reasons behind this finding are consistent with the director's preference to lead a “quiet life” and a desire to lower their exposure to litigation risk rather than to protect their reputation in the director market.
Variations in migration behaviour and mortality of Atlantic salmon smolts in four different hydroelectric facilities
Authors: Karppinen Petri , Hynninen Mikko , Vehanen Teppo , Vähä Juha‐Pekka 
Published: April 2021

AbstractMigration behaviour, route selection and mortality of Atlantic salmon,Salmo salarL., smolts were studied at four different hydroelectric facilities in the River Mustionjoki, Finland, in May 2017. Radio‐tagged smolts were released upstream of the power stations and tracked by stationary antenna‐receiver systems and hand‐held receivers. Tracking revealed a general tendency of smolts to move downstream with the main flow, but also variable behaviour and mortality related to diverse conditions characteristic of each power station. Average migration delay at the power stations ranged between 13.8 and 101.1 h (median: 1.7–61.5 h). Estimated mortality ranges were 0%–50% in the forebays, 4%–64% in the power stations and 2–30%/km during river migration after passage of the dam. This study provided essential information on behaviour and mortality in relation to local conditions at each power station required for successful application of fish bypass systems in a salmon restoration project.