bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitigating the impact of COVID-19 on tuberculosis and HIV services: A cross-sectional survey of 669 health professionals in 64 low and middle-income countries
Authors: Khan Mishal S. , Rego Sonia , Rajal Joaquín Benítez , Bond Virginia , Fatima Razia Kaneez , Isani Afshan Khurshid , Sutherland Jayne , Kranzer Katharina 
Published: February 2021

Objective
The experiences of frontline healthcare professionals are essential in identifying strategies to mitigate the disruption to healthcare services caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of TB and HIV professionals in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). Between May 12 and August 6, 2020, we collected qualitative and quantitative data using an online survey in 11 languages. We used descriptive statistics and thematic analysis to analyse responses.

Findings
669 respondents from 64 countries completed the survey. Over 40% stated that it was either impossible or much harder for TB and HIV patients to reach healthcare facilities since COVID-19. The most common barriers reported to affect patients were: fear of getting infected with SARS-CoV-2, transport disruptions and movement restrictions. 37% and 28% of responses about TB and HIV stated that healthcare provider access to facilities was also severely impacted. Strategies to address reduced transport needs and costs–including proactive coordination between the health and transport sector and cards that facilitate lower cost or easier travel—were presented in qualitative responses. Access to non-medical support for patients, such as food supplementation or counselling, was severely disrupted according to 36% and 31% of HIV and TB respondents respectively; qualitative data suggested that the need for such services was exacerbated.

Conclusion
Patients and healthcare providers across numerous LMIC faced substantial challenges in accessing healthcare facilities, and non-medical support for patients was particularly impacted. Synthesising recommendations of frontline professionals should be prioritised for informing policymakers and healthcare service delivery organisations.
Pentraxin 3 is more accurate than C-reactive protein for Takayasu arteritis activity assessment: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wen Xiaoting , Hou Ruihong , Xu Ke , Han Yunxia , Hu Junping , Zhang Yan , Su Yazhen , Gao Jinfang , Zhang Gailian , Zhang Liyun 
Published: February 2021

Aims
Whether the circulating levels of pentraxin 3 (PTX3), an acute phase reactant (APR), are higher in active Takayasu arteritis (TAK), and if so, whether PTX3 is more accurate than C-reactive protein (CRP) in TAK activity assessment has been investigated in this study.

Study design
Research works such as PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and two Chinese literature databases (CNKI and WanFang) were searched for studies conducted till August 30th, 2019. Two investigators searched the studies independently, who evaluated the quality of the study using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale (NOS) and extracted data. Pooled standard mean difference (SMD) and diagnostic indexes, with a 95% confidence interval (CI), were calculated using a random-effect model.

Results
Totally, 8 studies involving 473 TAK (208 active and 265 inactive TAK) patients and 252 healthy controls were eventually included in the meta-analysis. PTX3 level in the blood in active TAK patients were found to be higher than that in dormant TAK with pooled SMD of 0.761 (95% CI = 0.38–1.14, p<0.0001; I2 = 68%, p of Q test = 0.003). And there was no publication bias. Among the 8 studies, 5 studies identified active TAK with both PTX3 and CRP. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC values of PTX3 in active TAK diagnosis were higher than those of CRP (0.78 [95% CI = 0.65–0.87] vs. 0.66 [95% CI = 0.53–0.77], p = 0.012; 0.85 [95% CI = 0.77–0.90] vs. 0.77 [95% CI = 0.56–0.90], p = 0.033; 0.88 [95% CI = 0.85–0.90] vs. 0.75 [95% CI = 0.71–0.79], p < 0.0001). It showed potential publication bias using Egger’s test (p of PTX3 = 0.031 and p of CRP = 0.047).

Conclusions
PTX3 might be better than CRP in the assessment of TAK activity. Yet, it should be cautious before clinical use for moderate heterogeneity and potential publication bias of the meta-analysis.
White blood cell count and incidence of hypertension in the general Japanese population: ISSA-CKD study
Authors: Ishida Shintaro , Kondo Seiji , Funakoshi Shunsuke , Satoh Atsushi , Maeda Toshiki , Kawazoe Miki , Yoshimura Chikara , Tada Kazuhiro , Takahashi Koji , Ito Kenji , Yasuno Tetsuhiko , Masutani Kosuke , Nakashima Hitoshi , Arima Hisatomi 
Published: February 2021

Objectives
This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the white blood cell (WBC) count and hypertension in the general Japanese population.

Methods
We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using annual health check-up data of residents of Iki City, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. A total of 2935 participants without hypertension at baseline were included in the present analysis. WBC counts were classified as tertile 1 (<4700/μL), tertile 2 (4700–5999/μL), and tertile 3 (≥6000/μL). The outcome was incident hypertension (blood pressure ≥140 mmHg). Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using the Cox proportional hazards model.

Result
During an average follow-up of 4.5 years, 908 participants developed hypertension. The incidence (per 100 person-years) of hypertension increased with an elevation in the WBC count (6.3 in tertile 1, 7.0 in tertile 2, and 7.4 in tertile 3). This association was significant, even after adjustment for other risk factors, including age, sex, current smoking habits, current alcohol intake, exercise habits, obesity, elevated blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. The hazard ratios were 1.07 for tertile 2 (95% CI 0.90–1.26) and 1.27 for tertile 3 (95% CI 1.06–1.51) compared with the reference group of tertile 1 (p = 0.009).

Conclusion
The WBC count was associated with future development of hypertension in the general Japanese population.
Making Victorian Costumes for Men, Sil Devilly (2019)
Authors: Garland Liz 
Published: February 2021

Review of: Making Victorian Costumes for Men, Sil Devilly (2019)
Marlborough: Crowood Press, 160 pp., 232 colour photographs and patterns ISBN 978-1-78500-575-8, p/bk, £25.00
Utilization of MODIS Surface Reflectance to Generate Air Temperature Information in East Java - Indonesia
Authors: Faisol Arif , Indarto Indarto , Novita Elida , Budiyono Budiyono 
Published: February 2021

Ambient air temperature is main variable in climatological and hydrological analysis, however limited number of meteorological stations in Indonesia was becoming a problem to provide air temperature data for large areas. The objective of this study is to generate air temparature using relationship of land surface temperature and vegetation index. A total of 6 climatological station and 84 MODIS Images for three years (2015 to 2017) were used for the analysis. Research methods include: image georeferencing, band extraction from modis, derivation of NDVI, gererating ambient air temperature, calibrating using local meteorological station, and image interpretation. Results show that the accuracy of MODIS Surface Reflectance product to generate ambient air temperature in East Java at any periods is 86,37%. So MODIS Surface Reflectance product can be used as alternative solution to generate ambient air temperature.
Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis and Least-Cost Path on The Highway Route Planning: A Case Study of Bawen – Yogyakarta Highway, Indonesia
Authors: Marjuki Bramantiyo , Rudiarto Iwan 
Published: February 2021

Infrastructure planning ideally not only considers the geotechnical aspects and physical conditions of the infrastructure development location but also must be able to support regional development. One kind of spatial analysis technique which has capabilities to integrate various regional characteristics associated with its suitability for a particular use is spatial multi-criteria analysis. By using Bawen-Yogyakarta Toll Road Plan as a case study, this research is intended to apply route planning that takes into account regional characteristics, through the involvement of Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis, Analytic Hierarchy Process, and Least Cost Path analysis. The analysis results then compared with the government preferred route to see its advantages and disadvantages. The results show that the generated route from the analysis has several advantages over the government preferred route, while also having some shortcomings. The advantages of route analysis results compared to government preference routes include: better able to avoid earthquake and landslide-prone areas, better support to the preservation of protected areas, has more areas with flat to gentle topography, and have smaller additional construction cost as the consequences of intersection with existing roads, rivers and railways, In terms of affected land-use, generated route also has minimum negative impacts on the sustainability of agricultural land in the study area. The shortcomings of the analysis result are: not yet able to avoid flood and volcanic eruptions-prone areas as well as government’s preferences route, higher land acquisition cost estimation, and less support for industrial and tourism activities in the research area. Improvement of analysis methods, data, and cost assessment strategy is needed to obtain better results and more appropriate modeling and analysis, in order to support regional infrastructure planning and development.
Urban Feature Extraction from Merged Airborne LiDAR Data and Digital Camera Data
Authors: Taha Lamyaa Gamal EL-Deen , Ramzi A. I. , Syarawi A. , Bekheet A. 
Published: February 2021

Until recently, the most highly accurate digital surface models were obtained from airborne lidar. With the development of a new generation of large format digital photogrammetric aerial camera, a fully digital photogrammetric workflow became possible. Digital airborne images are sources for elevation extraction and orthophoto generation. This research concerned with the generation of digital surface models and orthophotos as applications from high-resolution images. In this research, the following steps were performed. A Benchmark data of LIDAR and digital aerial camera have been used. Firstly, image orientation, AT have been performed. Then the automatic digital surface model DSM generation has been produced from the digital aerial camera. Thirdly true digital ortho has been generated from the digital aerial camera also orthoimage will be generated using LIDAR digital elevation model (DSM). Leica Photogrammetric Suite (LPS) module of Erdsa Imagine 2014 software was utilized for processing. Then the resulted orthoimages from both techniques were mosaicked. The results show that automatic digital surface model DSM that been produced from digital aerial camera method has very high dense photogrammetric 3D point clouds compared to the LIDAR 3D point clouds. It was found that the true orthoimage produced from the second approach is better than the true orthoimage produced from the first approach. The five approaches were tested for classification of the best-orthorectified image mosaic using subpixel based (neural network) and pixel-based ( minimum distance and maximum likelihood).Multicues were extracted such as texture(entropy-mean),Digital elevation model, Digital surface model ,normalized digital surface model (nDSM) and intensity image. The contributions of the individual cues used in the classification have been evaluated. It was found that the best cue integration is intensity (pan) +nDSM+ entropy followed by intensity (pan) +nDSM+mean then intensity image +mean+ entropy after that DSM )image and two texture measures (mean and entropy) followed by the colour image. The integration with height data increases the accuracy. Also, it was found that the integration with entropy texture increases the accuracy. Resulted in fifteen cases of classification it was found that maximum likelihood classifier is the best followed by minimum distance then neural network classifier. We attribute this to the fine resolution of the digital camera image. Subpixel classifier (neural network) is not suitable for classifying aerial digital camera images.
Economic Rationalities of Loksado Indigenous in a Redenomination Perspective
Authors: Prabawani Bulan , Prihatini Apriatni Endang , Purbawati Dinalestari 
Published: February 2021

Dayak Meratus is one of the tribes in Indonesia consisting about 633 ethnic groups in total. The Dayak Meratus tribe represents the majority of the tribe in Indonesia which tends to be isolated, has a low formal education, and lacks of public facilities. This research was aimed at describing the economic rationalities of Tribe Dayak Meratus, a Loksado Indigenous in the Regency of Hulu Sungai Selatan, Borneo Island in term of redenomination perspective. This research is important since redenomination has potential to create hyperinflation if it was not implemented properly, especially related to the inland community in Indonesia which is more than 13,000 islands. The data collecting applied focus group discussion which involved the chair and member of the Tribe, also survey as the data triangulation of method. This research applied explanation building and frequency distribution for the data analysis. The results show that the Loksado Indigenous has a marginal economy and formal education,but the Tribe has high social capital for its gotong royong (mutual cooperation) spirit and has sufficiently good financial literacy that forms good economic rationalities. In the term of redenomination, the economic rationalities would be essential to maintain so that economic crashes would not be occured. Redenomination for indigenous people would be considered the same as the change in currency that has occurred several times in Indonesia, in wchich the socialization was through conventional media.
Unfree Labour, Migration and Racism: Towards an Analytical Framework
Authors: Carstensen Lisa 
Published: February 2021

When it comes to analysing exploitative and unfree labour, most research refers to “othering” or “race”. Race is often treated as a given category rather than a social phenomenon that needs explanation. In this article, I draw attention to the question of how racism is preserved, reproduced and changed within and through unfree labour relations. I do this by discussing the conceptual interlinkages between unfree labour, migration and racism. While the role of migration policies should not be underestimated, this should be accompanied by an analytical account of their racist background and outcomes. Based on this I present a framework for the analysis of racism as it relates to unfree labour and migration. I draw attention to three different levels of analysis (historico-structural, discursive-symbolic and everyday practices) and the interrelations between them. For empirical illustrations, I draw on my research on modern slave labour in two production sectors in Brazil: charcoal and clothing. I discuss the empirical findings with regard to three analytical problems in the analysis of unfree labour and racism: the impact of generalising knowledge on (future) migrant workers; the role and responsibility of global production networks; and the need to critically reflect on initiatives and policies aimed at the eradication of unfree labour.
KEYWORDS: labour migration; unfree labour; racism; Brazil; workers’ rights
Developmental and family considerations in internet use disorder taxonomy. Commentary on: How to overcome taxonomical problems in the study of Internet use disorders and what to do with “smartphone addiction”? (Montag et al., 2020)
Authors: Browne Dillon T. , May Shealyn S. , Colucci Laura , Rumpf Hans-Jurgen 
Published: February 2021

AbstractMontag, Wegmann, Sariyska, Demetrovics, and Brand (2019) propose an important framework surrounding the taxonomy of problematic internet usage, with particular applications to disentangling the role of mobile and other handheld devices versus stationary platforms. This is a critical contribution, as organizational frameworks have begun to move past “whether” there is disordered internet use, and towards better understanding the complex and multifaceted ways in which internet usage can be related to psychological maladjustment. In the present commentary, we encourage authors to extend this framework by incorporating developmental complexities. Montag and colleagues' (2019) contribution is discussed with reference to children and families, including: (1) the conceptualization of problematic internet usage and associated behaviors across the early years, (2) the types of internet use and devices that are most salient for young users, (3) the embedding of children's internet consumption within the context of a broader pattern of family media usage, and (4) the construct of behavioral addictions in pediatric populations. Recommendations for science and practice are briefly discussed.
Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on addictive behavior and brain glucose metabolism in problematic online gamers
Authors: Jeong Hyeonseok , Oh Jin Kyoung , Choi Eun Kyoung , Im Jooyeon Jamie , Yoon Sujung , Knotkova Helena , Bikson Marom , Song In-Uk , Lee Sang Hoon , Chung Yong-An 
Published: February 2021

AbstractBackground and aimsSome online gamers may encounter difficulties in controlling their gaming behavior. Previous studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on various kinds of addiction. This study investigated the effects of tDCS on addictive behavior and regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (rCMRglu) in problematic online gamers.MethodsProblematic online gamers were randomized and received 12 sessions of either active (n = 13) or sham tDCS (n = 13) to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex over 4 weeks (anode F3/cathode F4, 2 mA for 30 min, 3 sessions per week). Participants underwent brain 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography scans and completed questionnaires including the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS), and Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System scales (BIS/BAS) at the baseline and 4-week follow-up.ResultsSignificant decreases in time spent on gaming (P = 0.005), BIS (P = 0.03), BAS-fun seeking (P = 0.04), and BAS-reward responsiveness (P = 0.01), and increases in BSCS (P = 0.03) were found in the active tDCS group, while decreases in IAT were shown in both groups (P < 0.001). Group-by-time interaction effects were not significant for these measures. Increases in BSCS scores were correlated with decreases in IAT scores in the active group (β = −0.85, P < 0.001). rCMRglu in the left putamen, pallidum, and insula was increased in the active group compared to the sham group (P for interaction < 0.001).Discussion and conclusionstDCS may be beneficial for problematic online gaming potentially through changes in self-control, motivation, and striatal/insular metabolism. Further larger studies with longer follow-up period are warranted to confirm our findings.
PENGARUH MARGIN LABA KOTOR DAN MARGIN LABA OPERASIONAL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN PENDAPATAN PADA PT. ACE HARDWARE INDONESIA, TBK.
Authors: Jannah Roudhatul , Sobana Dadang Husen , Jajuli Sulaeman 
Published: February 2021

AbstractThis article is motivated by the assumption of stable income growth indicating the efficiency of the company in managing its operating activities, and its human resources to increase profitability. This article aims to determine whether the gross profit margin and operating profit margin are factors that affect revenue growth at PT. ACE Hardware Indonesia, Tbk. This article also uses descriptive methods and quantitative approaches. Research data is secondary data taken from the financial statements of PT. ACE Hardware Indonesia, Tbk. and supported by literature study and documentation, which were processed statistically and quantitatively using SPSS. The results of this study conclude that both partially and simultaneously, the gross profit margin and the operating profit margin do not have a significant effect on the growth of PT. ACE Hardware Indonesia, Tbk. The implication of this research is that companies must pay attention to other factors to increase revenue growth, besides that the company must control operating expenses as well as cost of goods sold in order to maximize the increase in operating profit margins and gross profit margins. Keywords: Gross Profit Margin, Operating Profit Margin, Income Growth AbstrakArtikel ini dilatarbelakangi oleh asumsi pertumbuhan pendapatan yang stabil mengindikasikan efisiensi perusahaan dalam mengelola kegiatan operasi, dan sumber daya manusianya untuk meningkatkan profitabilitas. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah margin laba kotor dan margin laba operasional menjadi faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan pendapatan pada PT. ACE Hardware Indonesia, Tbk. Artikel ini juga menggunakan metode deskriptif dan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data penelitian merupakan data sekunder yang diambil dari laporan keuangan PT. ACE Hardware Indonesia, Tbk. dan didukung dengan studi kepustakaan dan dokumentasi, yang diolah secara statistik dan kuantitatif menggunakan SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan baik secara parsial dan simultan, margin laba kotor dan margin laba operasional tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan pendapatan PT. ACE Hardware Indonesia, Tbk. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah perusahaan harus memperhatikan faktor lain untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan pendapatan, selain itu juga perusahaan harus mengontrol beban-beban operasional juga beban pokok penjualan agar maksimal menaikkan margin laba operasional dan margin laba kotor. Kata kunci: Margin Laba Kotor, Margin Laba Operasional, Pertumbuhan Pendapatan