bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of deregulation of repressor-specific carbon catabolite repression on carbon source consumption in Escherichia coli
Authors: Seong Hyeon Jeong , Jang Yu-Sin 
Published: August 2021

AbstractEscherichia coli has been used as a host to construct the cell factory for biobased production of chemicals from renewable feedstocks. Because galactose is found in marine biomass as a major component, the strategy for galactose utilization in E. coli has been gained more attention. Although galactose and glucose co-fermentation has been reported using the engineered E. coli strain, few reports have covered fermentation supplemented with galactose as a sole carbon source in the mutant lacking the repressor-specific carbon catabolite repression (CCR). Here, we report the effects of the deregulation of the repressor-specific CCR (galR− and galS−) in fermentation supplemented with galactose as a sole carbon source, using the engineered E. coli strains. In the fermentation using the galR− and galS− double mutant (GR2 strain), an increase of rates in sugar consumption and cell growth was observed compared to the parent strain. In the glucose fermentation, wild-type W3110 and its mutant GR2 and GR2PZ (galR−, galS−, pfkA−, and zwf−) consumed sugar at a higher rate than those values obtained from galactose fermentation. However, the GR2P strain (galR−, galS−, and pfkA−) showed no difference between fermentations using glucose and galactose as a sole carbon source. This study provides essential information for galactose fermentation using the CCR-deregulated E. coli strains.
Clinical study on the diagnosis of porcine streptococcal meningitis with negative blood and cerebrospinal fluid culture by next-generation sequencing
Authors: Zhao Eryi , Wang Daimei , Li Na , Huang Shixiong , Zhao Zhongyan , Hu Shijun , He Xiangying , Wen Guoqiang 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Streptococcus suis (Ss) is a Gram-positive and anaerobic zoonotic pathogen that is susceptible to all populations and can cause meningitis, septicemia, endocarditis and arthritis in humans.

Methods
In this study, patients with meningitis who were admitted to our hospital with negative blood and cerebrospinal fluid culture were divided into a next-generation sequencing group and a control group. In the next-generation sequencing group, we used the next-generation sequencing method to detect pathogenic bacteria in the patients’ cerebrospinal fluid. In the control group, we used blood and cerebrospinal fluid bacterial culture method to detect pathogenic bacteria in the patients' cerebrospinal fluid. The detection rates of pathogenic bacteria in the cerebrospinal fluid of the two groups were compared and analyzed.

Results
A total of 18 patients were included in this study, including 8 patients in the next-generation sequencing group and 10 patients in the control group. The mean age (P = 0.613) and mean disease duration (P = 0.294) were similar in both groups. Patients in the next-generation sequencing group had a leukocyte count of 13.13 ± 4.79 × 109, a neutrophil percentage of 83.39 ± 10.36%, and a C-reactive protein level of 134.95 ± 107.69 mg/L. Patients in the control group had a temperature of 38.32 ± 1.07, a leukocyte count of 8.00 ± 2.99 × 109, and a neutrophil percentage of 74.61 ± 8.89%, and C-reactive protein level was 4.75 ± 6.8 mg/L. The statistical results showed that the leukocytes (P = 0.013) and C-reactive protein levels (P = 0.001) were significantly higher in the patients of the next-generation sequencing group than in the control group. No statistically significant differences were seen in body temperature and neutrophil percentage between the two groups (P > 0.05). The incidence of intracranial pressure and meningeal irritation signs were similar in the two groups (P > 0.05). The detection rate of Streptococcus suis in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients in the next-generation sequencing group was 100%, and the detection rate of Streptococcus suis in the cerebrospinal fluid of the control group was 0%.

Conclusion
The detection rate of Streptococcus suis infection in cerebrospinal fluid by next-generation sequencing was significantly higher than that by blood and cerebrospinal fluid bacterial culture. Therefore, the diagnosis of porcine streptococcal meningitis by next-generation sequencing method is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
Association between HLA genotypes and COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and progression: a comprehensive review of the literature
Authors: Migliorini Filippo , Torsiello Ernesto , Spiezia Filippo , Oliva Francesco , Tingart Markus , Maffulli Nicola 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has markedly impacted on cultural, political, and economic structures all over the world. Several aspects of its pathogenesis and related clinical consequences have not yet been elucidated. Infection rates, as well morbidity and mortality differed within countries. It is intriguing for scientists to understand how patient genetics may influence the outcome of the condition, to clarify which aspects could be related the clinical variability of SARS-CoV-2 disease. We reviewed the studies exploring the role of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) genotypes on individual responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or progression, discussing also the contribution of the immunological patterns MHC-related. In March 2021, the main online databases were accessed. All the articles that investigated the possible association between the HLA genotypes and related polymorphisms with susceptibility, severity and progression of COVID-19 were considered. Although both genetic and environmental factors are certainly expected to influence the susceptibility to or protection of individuals, the HLA and related polymorphisms can influence susceptibility, progression and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The crucial role played by HLA molecules in the immune response, especially through pathogen-derived peptide presentation, and the huge molecular variability of HLA alleles in the human populations could be responsible for the different rates of infection and the different patients following COVID-19 infection.
Lurasidone in the long-term treatment of Japanese patients with bipolar I disorder: a 52 week open label study
Authors: Higuchi Teruhiko , Kato Tadafumi , Miyajima Mari , Watabe Kei , Masuda Takahiro , Hagi Katsuhiko , Ishigooka Jun 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
The current study evaluated the long-term (52 week) safety and impact on symptom measures of lurasidone (with or without lithium or valproate) for the treatment of bipolar I disorder in Japanese patients.

Methods
Bipolar patients for this open-label flexibly dosed lurasidone (20–120 mg/day) study were recruited from those with a recent/current depressive episode who completed an initial 6 week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, lurasidone study (depressed group), and those with a recent/current manic, hypomanic, or mixed episode (non-depressed group) who agreed to enroll directly into the long-term study. Measures of adverse events and safety included treatment-emergent adverse events, vital signs, body weight, ECG, laboratory tests, and measures of suicidality and extrapyramidal symptoms. Symptom measures included Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS).

Results
The most common adverse events associated with lurasidone were akathisia (30.7%), nasopharyngitis (26.6%), nausea (12.1%), and somnolence (12.1%). Minimal changes in lipids and measures of glycemic control occurred. Mean change in body weight was + 1.0 kg in the non-depressed group and − 0.8 kg in the depressed group. MADRS total scores declined by a mean (SD) of 2.0 (14.7) points from long-term baseline to endpoint in the depressed group who had received placebo in the prior 6 week trial. The depressed group that had received lurasidone during the prior 6 week study maintained their depressive symptom improvements. For the non-depressed group, YMRS total scores decreased over time.

Limitations
No control group was included, treatment was open-label, and 49.7% of patients completed the 52 week study.

Conclusions
Long-term treatment with lurasidone 20–120 mg/day for Japanese patients with bipolar disorder maintained improvements in depressive symptoms for depressed patients who were treated in a prior 6 week trial and led to improvements in manic symptoms among a newly recruited subgroup of patients with a recent/current manic, hypomanic, or mixed episode. Few changes in weight or metabolic parameters were evident.
Clinical trial registration: JapicCTI-132319, clinicaltrials.gov—NCT01986114.
Conversion of lignocellulosic waste into effective flocculants: synthesis, characterization, and performance
Authors: Jahedi Elham , Panahi Reza 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDevelopment of cationic flocculants from lignocellulosic wastes not only eliminates the health and environmental concerns associated with the use of conventional chemicals, but also is the way of waste valorization. In the present study, cellulose fibers extracted from rice husk were cationized through an optimization method based on response surface methodology. The fibers cationized at the optimal conditions had a zeta-potential of 15.2 ± 1.0 mV, while the highest potential was + 8.76 mV, for the samples developed before optimization. FTIR analysis proved the presence of the corresponding functional groups. The functionalized fibers were biodegradable and had absolutely positive surface charges at a broad pH range. The cationized fibers were employed as a flocculant to remove turbidity from the synthetic wastewaters at various pHs and initial turbidities. The cationic fibers showed the excellent turbidity removals up to 98.5% from the synthetic wastewater without the need for conventional coagulants. In contrast to traditionally cationized fibers, the synthesized flocculants did not affect the effluent color during coagulation–flocculation. The charge neutralization and bridging through adsorption were the governing mechanisms of flocculation. The procedure can be applied on lignocellulosic wastes to develop cationic fibers with the excellent flocculation ability and suitable operational characteristics.
The extract of concentrated growth factor enhances osteogenic activity of osteoblast through PI3K/AKT pathway and promotes bone regeneration in vivo
Authors: Dong Kai , Zhou Wen-Juan , Liu Zhong-Hao , Hao Peng-Jie 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is a third-generation platelet concentrate product; the major source of growth factors in CGF is its extract; however, there are few studies on the overall effects of the extract of CGF (CGF-e). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of CGF-e on MC3T3-E1 cells in vitro and to explore the effect of combination of CGF-e and bone collagen (Bio-Oss Collagen, Geistlich, Switzerland) for bone formation in cranial defect model of rats in vivo.

Methods
The cell proliferation, ALP activity, mineral deposition, osteogenic-related gene, and protein expression were evaluated in vitro; the newly formed bone was evaluated by histological and immunohistochemical analysis through critical-sized cranial defect rat model in vivo.

Results
The cell proliferation, ALP activity, mineral deposition, osteogenic-related gene, and protein expression of CGF-e group were significantly increased compared with the control group. In addition, there was significantly more newly formed bone in the CGF-e + bone collagen group, compared to the blank control group and bone collagen only group.

Conclusions
CGF-e activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to enhance osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells and promoted the bone formation of rat cranial defect model.
Treatment outcome clustering patterns correspond to discrete asthma phenotypes in children
Authors: Banić Ivana , Lovrić Mario , Cuder Gerald , Kern Roman , Rijavec Matija , Korošec Peter , Turkalj Mirjana 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDespite widely and regularly used therapy asthma in children is not fully controlled. Recognizing the complexity of asthma phenotypes and endotypes imposed the concept of precision medicine in asthma treatment. By applying machine learning algorithms assessed with respect to their accuracy in predicting treatment outcome, we have successfully identified 4 distinct clusters in a pediatric asthma cohort with specific treatment outcome patterns according to changes in lung function (FEV1 and MEF50), airway inflammation (FENO) and disease control likely affected by discrete phenotypes at initial disease presentation, differing in the type and level of inflammation, age of onset, comorbidities, certain genetic and other physiologic traits. The smallest and the largest of the 4 clusters- 1 (N = 58) and 3 (N = 138) had better treatment outcomes compared to clusters 2 and 4 and were characterized by more prominent atopic markers and a predominant allelic (A allele) effect for rs37973 in the GLCCI1 gene previously associated with positive treatment outcomes in asthmatics. These patients also had a relatively later onset of disease (6 + yrs). Clusters 2 (N = 87) and 4 (N = 64) had poorer treatment success, but varied in the type of inflammation (predominantly neutrophilic for cluster 4 and likely mixed-type for cluster 2), comorbidities (obesity for cluster 2), level of systemic inflammation (highest hsCRP for cluster 2) and platelet count (lowest for cluster 4). The results of this study emphasize the issues in asthma management due to the overgeneralized approach to the disease, not taking into account specific disease phenotypes.
Health Monitoring of Fattening Pigs – Use of Production Data, Farm Characteristics and On-Farm Examination
Authors: Grosse-Kleimann Julia , Wegner Birte , Spiekermeier Ines , grosse Beilage Elisabeth , Kemper Nicole , Nienhoff Hendrik , Plate Heiko , Meyer Henning , Gerhardy Hubert , Kreienbrock Lothar 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe use of processed secondary data for health monitoring of fattening pigs has been established in various areas, such as the use of antibiotics or in the context of meat inspection. Standardized scores were calculated based on several sources of production data and can be used to describe animal health in a large collective of pig units. In the present study, the extent to which these scores are related to different farm characteristics and management decisions were investigated. In addition, slaughter scores were compared with the results of a veterinary examination on the farms.ResultsThe comparison of the results of the uni- and multifactorial analyses revealed that almost all of the examined factors play a role in at least one of the scores when considered individually. However, when various significant influencing factors were taken into account at any one time, most of the variables lost their statistical significance due to confounding effects. In particular, production data such as production costs or daily feed intake remained in the final models of the scores on mortality, average daily gain and external lesions. Regarding the second part of the investigation, a basic technical correlation between the slaughter scores and the on-farm indicators could be established via principal component analysis. The modelling of the slaughter scores by the on-farm indicators showed that the score on external lesions could be represented by equivalent variables recorded on the farm (e.g., lesions caused by tail or ear biting).ConclusionsIt has been demonstrated that the examined health scores are influenced by various farm and management characteristics. However, when several factors are taken into account, confounding occurs in some cases, which must be considered by consultants. Additionally, it was shown that on-farm examination content is related to the scores based on equivalent findings from slaughter pigs.
Paraphrase type identification for plagiarism detection using contexts and word embeddings
Authors: Alvi Faisal , Stevenson Mark , Clough Paul 
Published: August 2021

AbstractParaphrase types have been proposed by researchers as the paraphrasing mechanisms underlying acts of plagiarism. Synonymous substitution, word reordering and insertion/deletion have been identified as some of the common paraphrasing strategies used by plagiarists. However, similarity reports generated by most plagiarism detection systems provide a similarity score and produce matching sections of text with their possible sources. In this research we propose methods to identify two important paraphrase types – synonymous substitution and word reordering in paraphrased, plagiarised sentence pairs. We propose a three staged approach that uses context matching and pretrained word embeddings for identifying synonymous substitution and word reordering. Our proposed approach indicates that the use of Smith Waterman Algorithm for Plagiarism Detection and ConceptNet Numberbatch pretrained word embeddings produces the best performance in terms of $$\hbox {F}_1$$

F
1

scores. This research can be used to complement similarity reports generated by currently available plagiarism detection systems by incorporating methods to identify paraphrase types for plagiarism detection.
Validation of a novel patient reported tool to assess the impact of treatment in erythropoietic protoporphyria: the EPP-QoL
Authors: Biolcati G. , Hanneken S. , Minder E. I. , Neumann N. J. , Wilson J. H. P. , Wolgen P. J. , Wright D. J. , Lloyd A. J. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractBackgroundA novel treatment has been developed for erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) (a rare condition that leaves patients highly sensitive to light). To fully understand the burden of EPP and the benefit of treatment, a novel patient reported outcome (PRO) measure was developed called the EPP-QoL. This report describes work to support the validation of this measure.MethodsSecondary analysis of trial data was undertaken. These analyses explored the underlying factor structure of the measure. This supported the deletion of some items. Further work then explored the reliability of these factors, their construct validity and estimates of meaningful change.ResultsThe factor analyses indicated that the items could be summarised in terms of two factors. One of these was labelled EPP Symptoms and the other EPP Wellbeing, based on the items included in the domain. EPP Symptoms had evidence to support its reliability and validity. EPP Wellbeing had poor psychometric properties.ConclusionsBased on the analysis it was recommended to drop the EPP Wellbeing domain (and associated items). EPP Symptoms, despite limitations in the development of items, showed evidence of validity. This work is consistent with the recommendations of a task force that provided recommendations regarding the development, modification and use of PROs in rare diseases.
Case report on Cotard’s syndrome (CS) in a patient with schizophrenia: a rare case from Malaysia
Authors: Subhas Natasha , Naing Khin Ohnmar , Su Chaw , Loo Jiann Lin , Shahbudin Aishah Farhana , Sivasubramaniam Vevehkanandar , Thyagarajan Reenisha 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
Cotard’s syndrome (CS) is a neuropsychiatric condition marked by nihilistic delusional(s). Due to its rarity, misdiagnosis of the syndrome often occurs. The current case study is of a Malaysian woman who was misdiagnosed for several years by professionals due to the presence of hypochondriac symptoms before receiving the correct diagnosis.

Case presentation
In this case presentation, we describe the case of L, a 42-year-old Malaysian lady who was first misdiagnosed with depression. The diagnosis of schizophrenia and CS was confirmed after thorough clinical examination, diagnostic investigations, and deliberation at a departmental forum. The patient improved after receiving electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) along with antipsychotic medications.

Conclusions
This case study highlights the importance of early recognition of CS by professionals as it can save time for both parties when setting up a treatment plan. Essentially, early recognition of CS in schizophrenia is paramount in the process of rapid stabilization through ECT and promotion of patient recovery.
SARS-CoV-2 infection: a global outbreak and its implication on public health
Authors: Mohan Sankari , Anjum M. Reshma , Kodidasu Anusha , Prathyusha T. V. N. Sai , Mrunalini Nunna Venkata , Kishori B. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
A novel corona virus is formally named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which results in causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is the latest prevalent pandemic worldwide when compared to other infectious diseases like Avian flu, Middle East respiratory syndrome and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).

Main body
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently occurring pandemic over world. It was emerged in Wuhan, China, in the end of December 2019 and spreading across worldwide. As the coronavirus is spreading easily through direct contact with infected people droplets, inhalation, and also air droplets, it hit up a huge amount of population even reported with death. Still, with small amounts of asymptomatic transmission between people it spreads throughout the globe. People need special care to protect from the transmission of disease. However, there are no drugs so far that shows efficacy; there is an immediate need for the development of vaccines. In order to decrease the COVID-19 cases, organizations rapidly involve in the preparation of vaccine and many vaccines have been developed by various countries. The governments took safety measures to control the spread of virus and also to minimize morbidity and mortality rate to least possible.

Conclusion
The purpose of this review article is to increase our understanding of COVID-19 and facilitate the people to take a move in facing challenges of the world.
Reliability and validity of the Hebrew version of the forgotten joint score for assessing the outcomes of total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Pansky Amit , Bar-Ziv Yaron , Tamir Eran , Finestone Aharon , Agar Gabriel , Shohat Noam 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Background
This prospective study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Hebrew version of the forgotten joint score-12 in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty, because it is going to be used in the Hebrew-speaking populations in Israel.

Methods
The English version of forgotten joint score-12 was translated into Hebrew version by using the standard procedures and in collaboration with its authors. The consecutive patients who had undergone total knee arthroplasty in a single hospital were asked to fill out the Hebrew version of forgotten joint score-12, Oxford knee score, Short Form 12, and visual analog scale. A random subgroup of 60 patients were then asked to fill out a second Hebrew version of forgotten joint score-12 at a minimum of 2-week interval. The reliability was assessed in terms of internal consistency, test-retest reliability and split-half reliability. The validity was measured in terms of the outcomes as mentioned above.

Results
A total of 102 patients participated in the study. The Hebrew version of forgotten joint score-12 showed high reliability. The internal consistency was excellent (Cronbachs’ α = 0.943) and test-retest reliability was high (Intraclass correlation = 0.97). The forgotten joint scores were correlated with the Oxford knee score, Short Form 12, and visual analog scale (r = 0.86, r = 0.72, and r=-0.8, respectively), indicating a high validity.

Conclusions
The Hebrew version of forgotten joint score-12 has excellent reliability, excellent test-retest reliability and good validity. It can be safely used for assessing outcomes of TKA.