bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coloniality, Socio‐Epistemic Vices and the Question of Knowledge in Iran
Authors: Zeiny Esmaeil 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWhile a diverse group of scholars from a wide variety of academic disciplines addressed and questioned Euro‐Americocentric hegemony as the dominant orientation in knowledge production, I believe that Euro‐Americocentrism is not the only problem that affects knowledge production. I am concerned that scholars are caught in a circle of mapping the contours of this Euro‐Americocentric hegemony in knowledge production that they mostly fail to perceive other forms of coloniality enacted by the non‐whites and the Global South. There are less‐noticed but everyday non‐Eurocentric forms of socio‐epistemic vices and hegemonic orientations, many of which lead to distrust, sexism and racism, exclusion, and alienation. These socio‐epistemic vices cause epistemic harm and can be seen as parallel to Euro‐Americocentrism. Anchored within such discourse, this paper reinforces a paradigm of decoloniality that involves scrutinizing behaviors and practices as everyday social interactions reflect deep‐rooted epistemology. Using examples of socio‐epistemic vices in Iran, I demonstrate how these vices and subjugations affect knowledge production.
What should be documented for an anterior shoulder dislocation? A Delphi study
Authors: van der Naald Niels , Verweij Lukas P E , Van Den Bekerom Michel P J , Walraven Lucia F J , Baden David Nico 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundStandardised consensus-based documentation following anterior shoulder dislocation in the ED might improve clinical quality, reduce heterogeneity in research and reduce workload. The aim of this study was to determine important elements and the extent of variability for the ED documentation following anterior shoulder dislocation.MethodsAn expert panel of physicians who perform the documentation (emergency physicians) of diagnosis and management of anterior shoulder dislocation and those who may read it (orthopaedic surgeons and general practitioners) was recruited in a three-round Delphi design between May and November 2022. Important elements were identified for history, physical examination, additional examinations, reduction technique and miscellaneous. These were rated on a 0–9 Likert scale. Consensus was reached when ≥80% scored 7–9. Another, independent, outcome was high variability in opinion, defined as at least one score between 1 and 3 and one score between 7 and 9 on an item after the third round.ResultsThe expert panel consisted of 22 emergency physicians, 5 general practitioners and 3 orthopaedic surgeons. In the first round, 85 elements were identified, and consensus on importance was reached in 22 out of the 85 elements:medical history(5 out of 30),physical examination(5 out of 18),additional examinations(5 out of 9),reduction(5 out of 17) andmiscellaneous(2 out of 11). High variability in importance was seen in 79 (93%) out of the 85 elements after the third round.ConclusionA consensus on 22 out of the 85 elements was reached and could be included in the ED documentation on anterior shoulder dislocation. Regardless of this consensus, high variability was observed in almost all the elements, highlighting the difference in opinions. Nevertheless, these elements could facilitate more concise communication among healthcare professionals and could facilitate homogenous datasets.
Association of social isolation and loneliness with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among individuals with type 2 diabetes: a prospective study in UK Biobank
Authors: Duan Xiaoran , Wei Yujie , Ge Yahao , Bo Yacong , Wang Xiaofang , Zhu Yongjian 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundPrevious study revealed that social isolation and loneliness are associated with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the long-term effects of social isolation and loneliness on the population with T2DM have not been known. This study aims to evaluate the potential associations of social isolation and loneliness with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in individuals with T2DM.MethodsThe prospective cohort study included 26 549 UK adults diagnosed with T2DM at baseline. Social isolation and loneliness were evaluated through a self-reported questionnaire. Mortality data was obtained from the National Death Registration Centre.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 13.3 years (IQR: 12.5–14.2 years), 5467 (20.6%) participants died from all-cause, 1953 (7.4%) from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and 1569 (5.9%) from cancer. Social isolation could increase the risks of all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality (most vs least; adjusted HR (95% CI): 1.32 (1.22–1.42), 1.44 (1.26–1.65) and 1.19 (1.05–1.34), respectively). Similarly, loneliness significantly increased the risks of all-cause, and CVD mortality (yes vs no; adjusted HR (95% CI): 1.17 (1.07–1.28) and 1.26 (1.07–1.48)). In joint analyses, as the degree of social isolation intensified, there were concomitant rises in the risks of all-cause, and CVD mortality in the no-loneliness or loneliness subgroup (adjusted HR (95% CI): 1.4 (1.21–1.61) and 1.65 (1.29–2.11)).ConclusionsThis study found that social isolation was significantly associated with the increased risks of all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality among individuals with T2DM. Loneliness was also associated with all-cause mortality and CVD mortality, but not cancer mortality. These findings highlight the importance of social isolation and loneliness management in patients with T2DM.
Income inequality and adherence to 24-hour movement guideline recommendations among adolescents: a multilevel growth curve analysis using longitudinal data from three waves of the Cannabis, Obesity, Mental health, Physical activity, Sedentary behaviour and Smoking (COMPASS) study (2016–2019)
Authors: Hunter Stephen , Perala Zack , Patte Karen , Leatherdale Scott , Carson Valerie , Chaput Jean-Philippe , Faulkner Guy , Pabayo Roman 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThere is a paucity of literature regarding income inequality and adolescent movement behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviours, sleep). This study examined whether income inequality was associated with meeting Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (24HMG) recommendations among adolescents over time.MethodsLongitudinal data from adolescents (n=9299) in the Cannabis, Obesity, Mental health, Physical activity, Sedentary behaviour and Smoking study (2016–2017 to 2018–2019) were linked with income data at the census division (CD) level from the 2016 Canadian Census. Adolescents (aged 13–19 years) reported on their physical activity, sleep duration and screen time via questionnaire. Gini coefficients were calculated at the CD level using after-tax household income from the 2016 Canadian Census. Multilevel logistic regression analyses were performed to test the association between income inequality and meeting several 24HMG recommendations.ResultsThe joint effect (income inequality*time) was significant for meeting the sleep duration recommendation (2017–2018 OR=0.83, 95% CI 0.74, 0.92; 2018–2019 OR=0.77, 95% CI 0.70, 0.86; p<0.0001), meeting any two recommendations over time (2017–2018 OR=0.97, 95% CI 0.86, 1.09; 2018–2019 OR=0.85, 95% CI 0.75, 0.97; p=0.0402) and meeting combined sleep and physical activity recommendations (2017–2018 OR=0.93, 95% CI 0.82, 1.06; 2018–2019 OR=0.82, 95% CI 0.71, 0.94; p=0.0200). Joint effects (income inequality*time) were not significant (p>0.05) for screen time or physical activity independently of sleep.ConclusionAdolescents attending schools in areas with greater income inequality may be at higher risk for inadequate sleep and combined short sleep and physical inactivity.
FRONT block: a cadaveric study of a dual-plane injection block targeting femoral rami and obturator nerve trunk for anterior hip joint analgesia
Authors: Jessen Christian , Bjørn Siska , Hörmann Romed , Honis Hanne-Rose , Bendtsen Thomas Fichtner 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe quest for a single nerve block to anesthetize all anterior hip articular nerve branches has long been a challenge for anesthetists, particularly in targeting the obturator nerve (ON). The FRONT block (Femoral Rami Obturator Nerve Trunk) is a newly developed dual-injection technique providing comprehensive anesthetic coverage of the anterior hip joint by targeting both the sensory femoral rami and the ON trunk.Methods15 intact cadaveric sides from eight embalmed cadavers were dissected after FRONT block administration with one injection and two dye deposits in the iliopsoas plane and in the subpectineal compartment under dynamic ultrasonography. The primary outcome was dye spread to the sensory hip articular branches of the femoral nerve (FN) and the ON trunk evaluated during the gross anatomical dissection. Secondary outcomes included identifying landmarks for accurate injection of dye and measuring the distance from the needle trajectory to the femoral and the lateral femoral cutaneous nerves (LFCN).ResultsIn 86.7% of cadaver sides, the FRONT block successfully covered both the sensory femoral rami and the ON trunk. The injection was performed 6.7 cm (SD 1.6) distal to the anterior superior iliac spine with a medial deviation of 1.8 cm (SD 2.1). The average distance from the needle trajectory to the FN was 0.8 cm (SD 0.4) and 3.7 (SD 2.1) cm to the LFCN.ConclusionThe FRONT block offers reliable coverage of the anterior hip joint and capsule. Proficiency in ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia is important during clinical applications.
Prediction of pathological grade in prostate cancer: an ensemble deep learning-based whole slide image classification model
Authors: Erdem Gamze Korkmaz , Omurca Sevinc Ilhan , Cakir Esra Betul , Bayrak Busra Yaprak 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Prostate cancer is a highly prevalent tumor among men and probably histologically represents one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. The automated analysis of tissues in histopathology has been advancing with higher accuracy rates using modern slide imaging techniques in combination with deep learning approaches. Today, pathologists can examine tissue samples in detail on high-resolution digital images thanks to whole slide imaging (WSI) images. This helps to accurately diagnose and evaluate the grades of prostate cancer. Tasks for analyzing WSI images with deep learning methods rely heavily on WSI images where tumor regions are marked by pathologists. This poses the challenge of marking WSI images for pathologists. In this study, we developed deep learning-based models with transfer learning support to classify prostate cancer grade in WSIs based on slide-level labels without the need for pathologists to mark the images. For this aim, we collected a real-life dataset which contains WSI image data of prostate cancer patients obtained from Kocaeli University, Department of Medical Pathology. The collected WSI data were labeled with prostate cancer grades only which are slide-level annotations, without the identification of regions of interest (ROIs) such as tumor regions within the tissue section. To demonstrate the contribution of the proposed, WSI-based classification models, they are compared with patch-based models regarding accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. Experimental results show that the proposed model provides high classification accuracy for prostate cancer detection over WSI images.
Study on the Influence of Anode Ammonia Impurities on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance
Authors: Han Tianyi , Xu Liangfei , Zhang Xiyuan , Zhao Yang , Su Junlong , Hu Zunyan , Li Jianqiu , Ouyang Minggao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Industrial by-product hydrogen and reformate hydrogen from ammonia are possible fuels for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) which may have ammonia impurities that damage the performance. This study investigates the influence of ammonia impurities in anode fuel on the performance of PEMFCs. Comprehensive electrochemical characterizations were employed to analyze the effects of varying ammonia concentrations and relative humidity (RH) levels. The results demonstrate that ammonia impurities significantly increase electrode activation overpotentials and proton transfer resistance in the cathode catalyst layer and membrane, with more pronounced effects under low RH conditions. Ammonia adsorption on platinum catalysts reduces the electrochemical active surface area and impedes the oxygen reduction reaction, leading to increased activation losses. Additionally, ammonia binding with membrane sulfonate groups elevates proton transfer resistance. These findings underscore the critical need to control ammonia impurities in anode fuel to maintain optimal PEMFC performance.
Pathology of Self-Expanding Transcatheter Aortic Bioprostheses and Hypoattenuated Leaflet Thickening
Authors: Sato Yu , Torii Sho , Kawai Kenji , Yahagi Kazuyuki , Kutyna Matthew , Kawakami Rika , Konishi Takao , Vozenilek Aimee E. , Jinnouchi Hiroyuki , Sakamoto Atsushi , Mori Hiroyoshi , Cornelissen Anne , Mori Masayuki , Tanaka Takamasa , Sekimoto Teruo , Kutys Robert , Ghosh Saikat Kumar B. , Forrest John K. , Reardon Michael J. , Romero Maria E. , Kolodgie Frank D. , Virmani Renu , Finn Aloke V. 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Hypoattenuated leaflet thickening (HALT) is believed to reflect leaflet thrombosis; however, no systematic histological examination of HALT has ever been performed. The aim of this study was to evaluate histological findings of explanted self-expanding transcatheter aortic bioprosthetic valves from clinical trials and to compare microCT findings of suspected HALT with histology findings of valve thrombosis and its characterization over time.

METHODS:
A total of 123 self-expanding transcatheter aortic valves were collected through autopsy (n=89) or surgical explant (n=34) from 11 CoreValve/Evolut clinical trials. Histological findings in transcatheter aortic valve leaflets were evaluated. MicroCT imaging was used to evaluate HALT in histology. Cases with infective endocarditis (10/123) or transcatheter aortic valve-in-surgical aortic valve procedures (3/123) were excluded.

RESULTS:
A total of 110 cases were divided into 3 groups based on implant duration: <30 days (n=42), 30 to 365 days (n=35), and >365 days (n=33). Thrombus and inflammation scores were consistent across groups, while scores for pannus, calcification, and structural change increased over time. The analysis of leaflet thickening by histology was performed on 320 leaflets and any degree of leaflet thickening was observed in 46.5% (149/320) of leaflets. Histologically, leaflet thickening was confirmed as an acute, organizing, and organized thrombus (ie, pannus). In the <30 days group, all leaflet thickening was due to acute thrombus, while most thrombi were organized >30 days. The types of thrombi could not be differentiated by microCT imaging.

CONCLUSIONS:
HALT represents the presence of a thrombus and its progression. Our data suggest that treatment of HALT would likely be most effective in the early stages before the thrombus becomes organized and emphasizes the need for early detection.
Multiomic Analysis of Calf Muscle in Peripheral Artery Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Kim Kyoungrae , Thome Trace , Pass Caroline , Stone Lauren , Vugman Nicholas , Palzkill Victoria , Yang Qingping , O’Malley Kerri A. , Anderson Erik M. , Fazzone Brian , Yue Feng , Berceli Scott A. , Scali Salvatore T. , Ryan Terence E. 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a significant risk factor that accelerates atherosclerosis, decreases muscle function, and increases the risk of amputation or death in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, the modulators underlying this exacerbated pathobiology are ill-defined. Recent work has demonstrated that uremic toxins are associated with limb amputation in PAD and have pathological effects in both the limb muscle and vasculature. Herein, we use multiomics to identify novel modulators of disease pathobiology in patients with PAD and CKD.

METHODS:
A cross-sectional study enrolled 4 groups of participants: controls without PAD or CKD (n=28), patients with PAD only (n=46), patients with CKD only (n=31), and patients with both PAD and CKD (n=18). Both targeted (uremic toxins) and nontargeted metabolomics in plasma were performed using mass spectrometry. Calf muscle biopsies were used to measure histopathology, perform bulk and single-nucleus RNA sequencing, and assess mitochondrial function. Differential gene and metabolite analyses, as well as pathway and gene set enrichment analyses, were performed.

RESULTS:
Patients with both PAD and CKD exhibited significantly lower calf muscle strength and smaller muscle fiber areas compared with controls and those with only PAD. Compared with controls, mitochondrial function was impaired in patients with CKD, with or without PAD, but not in PAD patients without CKD. Plasma metabolomics revealed substantial alterations in the metabolome of patients with CKD, with significant correlations observed between uremic toxins (eg, kynurenine and indoxyl sulfate) and both muscle strength and mitochondrial function. RNA sequencing analyses identified downregulation of mitochondrial genes and pathways associated with protein translation in patients with both PAD and CKD. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing further highlighted a mitochondrial deficiency in muscle fibers along with unique remodeling of fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells in patients with both PAD and CKD, with an increase in adipogenic cell populations.

CONCLUSIONS:
CKD significantly exacerbates ischemic muscle pathology in PAD, as evidenced by diminished muscle strength, reduced mitochondrial function, and altered transcriptome profiles. The correlation between uremic toxins and muscle dysfunction suggests that targeting these metabolites may offer therapeutic potential for improving muscle health in PAD patients with CKD.
What Developmental Science Has to Say About Caregiving
Authors: Pollak Seth D. , Gunnar Megan R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
There are numerous popular books, magazines, blogs, and websites that provide advice or anecdotes about how best to care for children. These sources of information can drown out conclusions based on scientific consensus, negatively influencing the behavior of parents and other caregivers and impacting societal action and policies implemented to support children and families. Scientific research in child development, psychology, and neuroscience provides valuable insights into key aspects of caring for children that not only can enhance the likelihood of positive outcomes for children but can also empower parents, childcare providers, and communities with the knowledge and confidence needed to make informed decisions about their childrens upbringing. These data can also inform public policies that can increase access and reduce barriers to quality environments for all children. Here, we highlight reliable findings about biobehavioral development that can bear upon policies and practices for supporting healthy child development.
Imagining Yourself in Another's Shoes versus Extending Your Concern: Empirical & Ethical Differences
Authors: Schwitzgebel Eric 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
According to the Golden Rule, you should do unto others as you would have others do unto you. Similarly, people are often exhorted to “imagine themselves in another's shoes.” A related but contrasting approach to moral expansion traces back to the ancient Chinese philosopher Mengzi, who urges us to “extend” our concern for those nearby to more distant people. Other approaches to moral expansion involve attending to the good consequences for oneself of caring for others, expanding one's sense of self, expanding one's sense of community, attending to others’ morally relevant properties, and learning by doing. About all such approaches, we can ask three questions: To what extent do people in fact (for instance, developmentally) broaden and deepen their care for others by these different methods? To what extent do these different methods differ in ethical merit? And how effectively do these different methods produce appropriate care?
Divine Care: Care as Religious Practice
Authors: Ugolnik Zachary 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This essay compares Christian and Buddhist narratives of care in conversation with anthropological work on relationships mediated through the divine. Within these traditions, care is a divine activity in which humans participate by engaging in caregiving practices. Gods care, receive care, and elevate care to a sacred action. I argue that the act of caring, as a religious practice, calls for an existential reflection upon the boundaries of the self, and includes not only the giver and receiver of care but also other humans and the divine. Studying care in religious contexts helps us better understand the social science of care, even in secular spaces. I conclude with lessons we can learn from religious institutions to better cultivate expanded networks of care in civil society, such as infrastructure to support relationships between strangers and across generations.
Computational Frameworks for Human Care
Authors: Christian Brian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Some of the earliest science-fiction literature to imagine humans' long-term relationship with machines portrayed technology as a kind of caregiver for humans. The retrofuturist vision of machine care is poised to become reality, as the world of the 2020s is experiencing both incredible advances in AI technology as well as demographic changes that, together, make such systems seem at once possible and necessary. Tracing the key themes from our literary and cultural imagination and framing them against the technical progress in the field of AI alignment reveals insights and lessons for us as we approach the prospect of bringing certain forms of computational care to life. In so doing, they provide not only practical guidance but also give us an opportunity to sharpen our intuitions about the nature of human care itself.
Paying for Expanded Care Provision
Authors: Frank Robert H. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Children receiving better care grow up earning more, paying more in taxes, committing fewer crimes, and needing less help from government. That these and many other benefits of investment in care cannot be captured by private parties is what underlies the powerful case for public investment. Yet many voters resist such investment in the belief that the necessary taxes would require painful sacrifices. This belief, however, rests on a simple cognitive illusion. Since the wealthy already have what anyone might reasonably need, their ostensible concern is whether higher taxes would make it more difficult to buy life's special extras. But because such things are inherently in short supply, the ability to purchase them depends almost exclusively on relative bidding power, which is completely unaffected by top tax rates.