bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Couples’ Use of Online Stress Management and Resiliency Training for Sexual Health Concerns: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Rullo Jordan E. , Sood Richa , Fokken Shawn C. , Sood Amit , Frohmader Karla S. , Croghan Ivana T. , Schroeder Darrell R. , Faubion Stephanie S. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract

Introduction
Mindfulness is a promising intervention for female sexual dysfunction (FSD); however, of the mindfulness interventions studied, few treat the woman and her partner.

Aim
We developed a brief online mindfulness, resilience, and psychoeducation intervention, Stress Management and Resiliency Training for Sexuality (Sex SMART), for women with sexual health concerns and their partners.

Methods
Women with female sexual interest/arousal disorder and their partners were recruited between February 24, 2015, and October 6, 2016, and randomized to treatment or control groups (received educational pamphlets). The treatment intervention comprised of an online SMART and sexual health psychoeducation module.

Main Outcome Measures
The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised (FSDS-R), Sexual Desire Inventory-2 (SDI-2), Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), and other subjective measures were used to assess sexual function and sexual distress at baseline and 12 weeks.

Results
The study included 60 women and their partners (30 couples in each group). In both groups, sexual function by total FSFI scores and sexual distress scores significantly improved at 12 weeks compared with baseline, with no significant between-group differences (FSFI effect estimate for Sex SMART vs control = +1.4 (90% CI [–0.6 to +3.4]; P=.13). Both participants and partners randomized to the intervention reported significantly improved attitude and feelings, comfort as a sexual person, and subjective sexual functioning at 12 weeks. The findings provide preliminary evidence for efficacy of an online intervention for couples with sexual health problems.

Conclusions
A brief online mindfulness, resilience, and psychoeducation–based intervention showed no significant improvement in many outcomes (FSFI, FSDS-R, SDI-2, RDAS) of sexual health versus controls. Although this is the first online randomized controlled trial to evaluate a mindfulness-based therapy intervention, it was limited by its lack of population diversity and high attrition rate. Significant improvements in subjective sexual health and partner sexual function by the International Index of Erectile Function were reported only in the intervention group.
Pediatric antimicrobial stewardship practices at discharge: A national survey
Authors: Wang Marie E. , Felder Kimberly , Newland Jason G. , Hersh Adam L. , Rajapakse Nipunie S. , Willis Zachary I. , Banerjee Ritu , Gerber Jeffrey S. , Schwenk Hayden T. , Vaz Louise E. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe surveyed pediatric antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) site leaders within the Sharing Antimicrobial Reports for Pediatric Stewardship collaborative regarding discharge stewardship practices. Among 67 sites, 13 (19%) reported ASP review of discharge antimicrobial prescriptions. These findings highlight discharge stewardship as a potential opportunity for improvement during the hospital-to-home transition.
Prevalence of and factors associated with insufficient physical activity among adolescents: evidence from a nationwide survey in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md Mokbul , Akter Fahmida , Hanif Abu Abdullah Mohammad , Khan Md Showkat Ali , Shamim Abu Ahmed , Hasan Mehedi , Urmy Nushrat Jahan , Hossaine Moyazzam , Ullah Mohammad Aman , Sarker Samir Kanti , Rahman S. M. Mustafizur , Mitra Dipak Kumar , Bulbul Md Mofijul Islam , Mridha Malay Kanti 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe World Health Organization set a target of a 15% relative reduction in the prevalence of insufficient physical activity (IPA) by 2025 among adolescents and adults globally. In Bangladesh, there are no national estimates of the prevalence of IPA among adolescents. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors associated with IPA among adolescent girls and boys. Data for 4865 adolescent girls and 4907 adolescent boys, collected as a part of a National Nutrition Surveillance in 2018–19, were analysed for this study. A modified version of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) was used to collect physical activity data. The World Health Organization recommended cut-off points were used to estimate the prevalence of IPA. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with IPA. Prevalences of IPA among adolescent girls and boys were 50.3% and 29.0%, respectively, and the prevalence was significantly higher among early adolescents (10–14 years) than late adolescents (15–19 years) among both boys and girls. The IPA prevalence was highest among adolescents living in non-slum urban areas (girls: 77.7%; boys: 64.1%). For both boys and girls, younger age, non-slum urban residence, higher paternal education and increased television viewing time were significantly associated with IPA. Additionally, residing in slums was significantly associated with IPA only among the boys. Higher maternal education was associated with IPA only among the girls. This study identified several modifiable risk factors associated with IPA among adolescent boys and girls in Bangladesh. These factors should be addressed through comprehensive public health interventions to promote physical activity among adolescent girls and boys.
Ultrasound core biopsies of neck lumps: an experience from a tertiary head and neck cancer unit
Authors: Adeel M , Jackson R , Peachey T , Beasley N 
Published: July 2021

AbstractBackgroundTraditionally, fine needle aspiration cytology was the primary diagnostic investigation for head and neck lumps; however, ultrasound-guided core biopsy offers the advantage of preserving tissue architecture with increased tissue yield. This study reviews the diagnostic utility of ultrasound-guided core biopsy for investigating head and neck lumps.MethodsOverall, 287 ultrasound-guided core biopsies were reviewed between May 2017 and April 2019 at a single tertiary site for head and neck cancer.ResultsOn initial ultrasound-guided core biopsy, a diagnostic sample was obtained in 94.4 per cent of patients and in 83.7 per cent of patients with lymphoma. Where the initial ultrasound-guided core biopsy was non-diagnostic, 50 per cent of samples were diagnostic on repeat ultrasound-guided core biopsy. Overall, five complications were seen related to ultrasound-guided core biopsy, and all were managed conservatively. No cases of disease recurrence were identified at the biopsy site.ConclusionUltrasound-guided core biopsy is a safe procedure with a high diagnostic yield when investigating head and neck lumps. Patients whose ultrasound-guided core biopsies were non-diagnostic should be considered for excisional biopsy over repeat ultrasound-guided core biopsy.
Converging Evidence of Underlying Competence: Comprehension and Production in the Acquisition of Spanish Subject-Verb Agreement
Authors: HSIN Lisa B. , GONZALEZ-GOMEZ Nayeli , BARRIÈRE Isabelle , NAZZI Thierry , LEGENDRE Geraldine 
Published: July 2021

AbstractA surprising comprehension-production asymmetry in subject-verb (SV) agreement acquisition has been suggested in the literature, and recent research indicates that task-specific as well as language-specific features may contribute to this apparent asymmetry across languages. The present study investigates when during development children acquiring Mexican Spanish gain competence with 3rd-person SV agreement, testing production as well as comprehension in the same children aged between 3;6 and 5;7 years, and whether comprehension of SV agreement is modulated by the sentential position of the verb (i.e., medial vs. final position). Accuracy and sensitivity analyses show that comprehension performance correlates with SV agreement production abilities, and that comprehension of singular and plural third-person forms is not influenced by the sentential position of the agreement morpheme. Issues of the appropriate outcome measure and the role of structural familiarity in the development of abstract representations are discussed.
Effect of using commercial pre-packaged baby foods on the Fe intake of 7–8 months old infants
Authors: Cheung Celeste Tsz Hei , Rangan Anna M , Tse Iris Mei Ying , Sit Wai Hung , Louie Jimmy Chun Yu 
Published: July 2021

AbstractObjectives:To examine the potential effect on Fe intake of 7–8 months old infants if pre-packaged baby foods (PBF) were used as the sole source of complementary foods.Design:Based on the 7-d recommended feeding plan for 7–8 months old infants in Hong Kong (moderate Fe-fortified rice cereal with home-cooked meals), twenty-four modelling scenarios were created which comprised of two milk use modes (breastmilk v. infant formula), three modes of rice cereal use (no-rice cereal; non-Fe-fortified rice cereal and Fe-fortified rice cereal) and four baby foods usage modes (home-cooked meals; low-Fe PBF only; high-Fe PBF only and mixed PBF). The PBF were randomly selected in each of the models and substituted the original meals/snacks. The average daily Fe intakes of the modelled meal plans were compared with the Chinese estimated average requirement (EAR) and recommended nutrient intake (RNI) for Fe.Setting:Modelling study.Participants:Not applicable.Results:In general, the infant-formula-based complementary feeding pattern (CFP) had higher average daily Fe intake when compared with breastmilk-based CFP. The Fe intakes of all scenarios under the breastmilk-based CFP were below the RNI and EAR, except for the fortified rice cereal meal plans with high-Fe or mixed PBF. For infant-formula-based CFP, the Fe intakes were close to or above the RNI regardless of types of PBF or rice cereal used.Conclusions:The inclusion of fortified rice cereal was important in maintaining adequate Fe intake for infants, especially for breast-fed infants. The replacement of home-cooked meals by low-Fe PBF could potentially put infants at risk of Fe deficiency.
Stress and burnout in Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) trainees: a systematic review
Authors: Owen Joel , Crouch-Read Louise , Smith Matthew , Fisher Paul 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
For more than a decade, Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) has been training a new workforce of psychological therapists. Despite evidence of stress and burnout both in trainee mental health professionals, and qualified IAPT clinicians, little is known about these topics in IAPT trainees. Consequently, this systematic review sought to establish the current state of the literature regarding stress and burnout in IAPT trainees. Electronic databases were searched to identify all published and available unpublished work relating to the topic. On the basis of pre-established eligibility criteria, eight studies (including six unpublished doctoral theses) were identified and assessed for quality. This review identifies that research into the experience of IAPT trainees is under-developed. Existing evidence tentatively suggests that IAPT trainees may experience levels of stress and burnout that are higher than their qualified peers and among the higher end of healthcare professionals more generally. The experience of fulfilling dual roles as mental health professionals and university students concurrently appears to be a significant source of stress for IAPT trainees. More research regarding the levels and sources of stress and burnout in IAPT trainees is urgently needed to confirm and extend these findings. Recommendations for future research in the area are given.

Key learning aims

(1)
To establish the current state of the literature regarding stress and burnout in IAPT trainees.

(2)
To raise practitioner, service and education-provider awareness regarding the levels and perceived sources of stress and burnout in IAPT trainees.

(3)
To make recommendations regarding future research on the topic.
Large Contributions of Diffuse Radiation to Global Gross Primary Productivity During 1981–2015
Authors: Zhou Hao , Yue Xu , Lei Yadong , Tian Chenguang , Ma Yimian , Cao Yang 
Published: July 2021

AbstractDiffuse radiation can increase the light use efficiency for plant photosynthesis. However, the lack of observations limits the explorations of diffuse fertilization effects on the global scale. Here, we bias‐correct global hourly diffuse fraction (Kd) from a climate reanalysis using an artificial neural network (ANN) model in combination with site‐level observations. Evaluations at independent sites show that the updatedKdon average increases correlations by 9.7% and reduces root‐mean‐square errors (RMSEs) by 45.5% against measurements than the original reanalysis. The derived radiative fluxes are then used as input for a dynamic vegetation model to explore the impacts of diffuse radiation on global gross primary productivity (GPP) during 1981–2015. With the updatedKd, simulated GPP shows lower RMSEs against observations at 72 out of 76 FLUXNET sites, leading to a reduced RMSE of 9.9% on average. Moreover, simulations with updatedKdpresent higher global GPP (3.1%) than that with originalKdfrom Modern‐Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) product. The simulations show that diffuse radiation, which accounts for 54% of the total shortwave radiation, contributes to long‐term global mean GPP by 1.49 g C m−2 day−1(64.3%). During 1981–2015, the changes of direct radiation result in a global GPP trend of −0.49 g C m−2 yr−2, which is offset by 0.31 g C m−2 yr−2(53.1%) following the enhancement of diffuse radiation.
Global Biogeochemical Cycle of Lithium
Authors: Schlesinger William H. , Klein Emily M. , Wang Zhen , Vengosh Avner 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe total human mobilization of Li from the Earth's crust, >1,000 × 109 g/year, is much larger than Li mobilized by the natural processes of chemical and mechanical weathering (94 and 132 × 109 g/year, respectively), representing a ∼500% perturbation of the global cycle of Li by human activities. The anthropogenic perturbation of the global Li cycle shows enhanced releases to freshwaters from oil‐produced water (46 × 109 g/year), leaching of coal ash (7–20 × 109 g/year), and extraction of groundwaters (29 × 109 g/year). The sum of these anthropogenic sources more than doubles the natural transport of dissolved Li to the sea in rivers (69 × 109 g/year). Currently, releases from the excretion of therapeutic drugs and disposal of lithium‐ion batteries are a small component of the transport of Li in rivers, although the latter may increase markedly as lithium‐ion batteries dominant global energy storage. Human emissions of Li particles to the atmosphere—55 × 109 g/year from coal combustion—comprise about 38% of the emission of Li to the atmosphere from various sources. The inputs to the atmosphere are more than the estimated deposition of Li from the atmosphere, which is poorly constrained by available data.
Tephrochronology and Provenance of an Early Pleistocene (Calabrian) Tephra From IODP Expedition 374 Site U1524, Ross Sea (Antarctica)
Authors: Di Roberto A. , Scateni B. , Di Vincenzo G. , Petrelli M. , Fisauli G. , Barker S. J. , Del Carlo P. , Colleoni F. , Kulhanek D. K. , McKay R. , De Santis L. , The IODP Expedition 374 Scientific Party  
Published: July 2021

AbstractWe present a full characterization of a 20 cm‐thick tephra layer found intercalated in the marine sediments recovered at Site U1524 during International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 374, in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Tephra bedforms, mineral paragenesis, and major‐ and trace‐element composition on individual glass shards were investigated and the tephra age was constrained by 40Ar‐39Ar on sanidine crystals. The 40Ar‐39Ar data indicate that sanidine grains are variably contaminated by excess Ar, with the best age estimate of 1.282 ± 0.012 Ma, based on both single‐grain total fusion analyses and step‐heating experiments on multi‐grain aliquots. The tephra is characterized by a very homogeneous rhyolitic composition and a peculiar mineral assemblage, dominated by sanidine, quartz, and minor aenigmatite and arfvedsonite‐riebeckite amphiboles. The tephra from Site U1524 compositionally matches with a ca. 1.3 Ma, rhyolitic pumice fall deposit on the rim of the Chang Peak volcano summit caldera, in the Marie Byrd Land, located ca. 1,300 km from Site U1524. This contribution offers important volcanological data on the eruptive history of Chang Peak volcano and adds a new tephrochronologic marker for the dating, correlation, and synchronization of marine and continental early Pleistocene records of West Antarctica.
Hydrothermal Alteration of the Ocean Crust and Patterns in Mineralization With Depth as Measured by Micro‐Imaging Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Greenberger Rebecca N. , Harris Michelle , Ehlmann Bethany L. , Crotteau Molly A. , Kelemen Peter B. , Manning Craig E. , Teagle Damon A. H. ,   the Oman Drilling Project Science Team
Published: July 2021

AbstractProcesses for formation, cooling, and altering Earth's ocean crust are not yet completely understood due to challenges in access and sampling. Here, we use contiguous micro‐imaging infrared spectroscopy to develop complete‐core maps of mineral occurrence and investigate spatial patterns in the hydrothermal alteration of 1.2 km of oceanic crust recovered from Oman Drilling Project Holes GT1A, GT2A, and GT3A drilled in the Samail Ophiolite, Oman. The imaging spectrometer shortwave infrared sensor measured reflectance of light at wavelengths 1.0–2.6 μm at 250–260 μm/pixel, resulting in >1 billion independent measurements. We map distributions of nine key primary and secondary minerals/mineral groups—clinopyroxene, amphibole, calcite, chlorite, epidote, gypsum, kaolinite/montmorillonite, prehnite, and zeolite—and find differences in their spatial occurrences and pervasiveness. Accuracy of spectral mapping of occurrence is 68%–100%, established using X‐ray diffraction measurements from the core description. The sheeted dikes and gabbros of upper oceanic crust Hole GT3A show more pervasive alteration and alteration dominated by chlorite, amphibole, and epidote. The foliated/layered gabbros of GT2A from intermediate crustal depths have similarly widespread chlorite but more zeolite and little amphibole and epidote. The layered gabbros of the lower oceanic crust (GT1A) have remnant pyroxene and 2X less chlorite, but alteration is extensive within and surrounding major fault zones with widespread occurrences of amphibole. The results indicate greater distribution of higher temperature alteration minerals in the upper oceanic crust relative to deeper gabbros and highlight the importance of fault zones in hydrothermal convection in the lower ocean crust.
Seawater‐Particle Interactions of Rare Earth Elements and Neodymium Isotopes in the Deep Central Arctic Ocean
Authors: Paffrath Ronja , Pahnke Katharina , Böning Philipp , Rutgers van der Loeff Michiel , Valk Ole , Gdaniec Sandra , Planquette Hélène 
Published: July 2021

AbstractIn the central Arctic Ocean, dissolved rare earth element concentrations ([dREE]) and the neodymium (Nd) isotope compositions are constant throughout the deep water column (>1,000 m water depth), indicating unique conditions among the ocean basins and therefore requiring an investigation of seawater‐particle interactions. Here, we present the first high‐resolution particulate REE and Nd isotope data from the Arctic Ocean and discuss the possible seawater‐particle processes affecting the Arctic Ocean. Our results show that particulate [REE] are on the same order of magnitude as in other ocean basins, suggesting that particle composition is the main cause for a lack of pREE release to the dissolved pool. The lithogenic fraction dominates throughout the water column while the biogenic material contribution is very small. This paucity of biogenic material results in reduced particle‐seawater exchanges of REEs and Nd isotopes. Moreover, we note only slight differences in the dissolved Nd isotope composition between the Eurasian and Canadian Basins. This is due to the different source regions supplying different dissolved and particulate Nd isotope signatures to both basins. The dissolved [REE] and Nd isotope composition of Atlantic waters are modified during their flow paths through contributions from the Kara Sea, lowering the salinity and increasing [dREE] and dNd isotope compositions. Hydrothermal influence from the Gakkel Ridge on dissolved and particulate [REE] and Nd isotopes could not be detected.
Transit Time Distributions and Apparent Oxygen Utilization Rates in Northern South China Sea Using Chlorofluorocarbons and Sulfur Hexafluoride Data
Authors: Wang Weimin , Cai Minggang , Huang Peng , Ke Hongwei , Liu Mian , Liu Lihua , Deng Hengxiang , Luo Bojun , Wang Chunhui , Zheng Xuehong , Li Wenquan 
Published: July 2021

AbstractCFC‐12 and SF6 data were used in combination to estimate the mean age of water in the northern South China Sea (NSCS), to explore oceanographic processes related to “time,” including the transit time through the Luzon Strait (LS) with a three‐layer circulation structure and the apparent oxygen utilization rates (AOUR). Significant differences in mean ages of water were observed at the same density level in the water columns on both sides of the LS, presented as a westward flow in the upper layer, eastward flow in the intermediate layer, and westward flow in the deep layer with transit times of 8 ± 5, 39 ± 22, and 20 ± 18 yr, respectively. The AOUR was estimated to be 8.4 μmol kg−1 yr−1 at about 100 m and decreased to approximately 0.66 μmol kg−1 yr−1 at 1,500 m in the NSCS. The average organic carbon flux in the depth range of 100–1,500 m was 1.7 mol C m−2 yr−1 in the NSCS and 1.3 mol C m−2 yr−1 in the western Pacific Ocean (WP). The activation energy—derived using the Arrhenius equation—in the NSCS and WP (87.7–154.2 kJ mol−1) are close to those in the northern Pacific Ocean (60.8–133.5 kJ mol−1). These results suggest a conspicuous correlation between temperature and AOUR. The impact of climate change on the ocean and the feedback mechanism between ocean warming and oxygen consumption needs further investigation.