bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initiation and amplification of SnRK2 activation in abscisic acid signaling
Authors: Lin Zhen , Li Yuan , Wang Yubei , Liu Xiaolei , Ma Liang , Zhang Zhengjing , Mu Chen , Zhang Yan , Peng Li , Xie Shaojun , Song Chun-Peng , Shi Huazhong , Zhu Jian-Kang , Wang Pengcheng 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is crucial for plant responses to environmental challenges. The SNF1-regulated protein kinase 2s (SnRK2s) are key components in ABA-receptor coupled core signaling, and are rapidly phosphorylated and activated by ABA. Recent studies have suggested that Raf-like protein kinases (RAFs) participate in ABA-triggered SnRK2 activation. In vitro kinase assays also suggest the existence of autophosphorylation of SnRK2s. Thus, how SnRK2 kinases are quickly activated during ABA signaling still needs to be clarified. Here, we show that both B2 and B3 RAFs directly phosphorylate SnRK2.6 in the kinase activation loop. This transphosphorylation by RAFs is essential for SnRK2 activation. The activated SnRK2s then intermolecularly trans-phosphorylate other SnRK2s that are not yet activated to amplify the response. High-order Arabidopsis mutants lacking multiple B2 and B3 RAFs show ABA hyposensitivity. Our findings reveal a unique initiation and amplification mechanism of SnRK2 activation in ABA signaling in higher plants.
A role for circular code properties in translation
Authors: Giannerini Simone , Gonzalez Diego Luis , Goracci Greta , Danielli Alberto 
Published: April 2021

AbstractCircular codes represent a form of coding allowing detection/correction of frame-shift errors. Building on recent theoretical advances on circular codes, we provide evidence that protein coding sequences exhibit in-frame circular code marks, that are absent in introns and are intimately linked to the keto-amino transformation of codon bases. These properties strongly correlate with translation speed, codon influence and protein synthesis levels. Strikingly, circular code marks are absent at the beginning of coding sequences, but stably occur 40 codons after the initiator codon, hinting at the translation elongation process. Finally, we use the lens of circular codes to show that codon influence on translation correlates with the strong-weak dichotomy of the first two bases of the codon. The results can lead to defining new universal tools for sequence indicators and sequence optimization for bioinformatics and biotechnological applications, and can shed light on the molecular mechanisms behind the decoding process.
A prospective case–control pilot study to evaluate bone microarchitecture in children and teenagers on long-term parenteral nutrition using HR-pQCT
Authors: Louazon Typhaine , Poinsot Pierre , Restier Lioara , Belmalih Abdelouahed , Loras-Duclaux Irène , Marotte Stéphanie , Heissat Sophie , Barnoud Didier , Chambrier Cécile , Confavreux Cyrille B. , Lachaux Alain , Bacchetta Justine , Peretti Noel 
Published: April 2021

AbstractLong-term parenteral nutrition (PN) may induce bone complications. Tridimensional bone imaging techniques such as high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) allow the assessment of both compartmental volumetric densities and microarchitecture. Our aim was to evaluate these parameters in children and teenagers receiving long-term PN. This cross-sectional, case–control study included children older than 9 years undergoing PN for at least 2 years. They were age-, gender- and puberty-matched with healthy controls (1:2). Evaluation included biological assessment of bone metabolism (serum calcium, phosphate, and albumin; urinary calcium and creatinine; 25-OH vitamin D, osteocalcin and PTH), dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and HR-pQCT at the ultradistal tibia and radius. Results are presented as median [range]. Eleven patients (3 girls) with a median age of 16 [9–19] years were included. Bone parameters assessed by HR-pQCT at the ultradistal radius and tibia were similar in patients and controls. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were higher (14 [7–115] vs 16 [12–27]) and osteocalcin levels were lower (44 [15–65] vs 65 [38–142]) in patients than in controls, although within the normal range. Conclusions: there were no differences for compartmental bone densities and microarchitecture in patients undergoing chronic PN. Further longitudinal studies are required to confirm these quite reassuring preliminary results.
Transcriptome analysis of gravitational effects on mouse skeletal muscles under microgravity and artificial 1 g onboard environment
Authors: Okada Risa , Fujita Shin-ichiro , Suzuki Riku , Hayashi Takuto , Tsubouchi Hirona , Kato Chihiro , Sadaki Shunya , Kanai Maho , Fuseya Sayaka , Inoue Yuri , Jeon Hyojung , Hamada Michito , Kuno Akihiro , Ishii Akiko , Tamaoka Akira , Tanihata Jun , Ito Naoki , Shiba Dai , Shirakawa Masaki , Muratani Masafumi , Kudo Takashi , Takahashi Satoru 
Published: April 2021

AbstractSpaceflight causes a decrease in skeletal muscle mass and strength. We set two murine experimental groups in orbit for 35 days aboard the International Space Station, under artificial earth-gravity (artificial 1 g; AG) and microgravity (μg; MG), to investigate whether artificial 1 g exposure prevents muscle atrophy at the molecular level. Our main findings indicated that AG onboard environment prevented changes under microgravity in soleus muscle not only in muscle mass and fiber type composition but also in the alteration of gene expression profiles. In particular, transcriptome analysis suggested that AG condition could prevent the alterations of some atrophy-related genes. We further screened novel candidate genes to reveal the muscle atrophy mechanism from these gene expression profiles. We suggest the potential role of Cacng1 in the atrophy of myotubes using in vitro and in vivo gene transductions. This critical project may accelerate the elucidation of muscle atrophy mechanisms.
NH787 EMS mutant of rice variety Nagina22 exhibits higher phosphate use efficiency
Authors: Poli Yugandhar , Nallamothu Veronica , Hao Ai , Goud Muddapuram Deeksha , Wang Xiaowen , Desiraju Subrahmanyam , Mangrauthia Satendra K. , Jain Ajay 
Published: April 2021

AbstractRice (Oryza sativa L.), a major dietary source, is often cultivated in soils poor in available inorganic orthophosphate (Pi), which is a key nutrient for growth and development. Poor soils are amended by phosphorus (P) fertilizer, which is derived from the non-renewable rock phosphate reserves. Therefore, there is a need for developing rice varieties with high productivity under low P conditions. At the ICAR-IIRR, ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) mutagenized rice genotype Nagina22 (N22) were screened for high grain yield in Pi-deprived soil, which led to the identification of ~ 10 gain-of-function mutants including NH787. Here, detailed comparative morphophysiological, biochemical, and molecular analyses of N22 and NH787 were carried out in hydroponics and potting soil under different Pi regimes. Under Pi-deprived condition, compared with N22, NH787 exhibited higher root and vegetative biomass, the number of tillers, and grain yield. The augmented agronomic traits of NH787 were corroborated with significantly higher photosynthetic rate, pollen fertility, stigma receptivity, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Further, several genes involved in the maintenance of Pi homeostasis (GPH) were differentially regulated. The study thus revealed a wide-spectrum influence of the mutation in NH787 that contributed towards its higher Pi use efficiency (PUE).
Digital Display Precision Predictor: the prototype of a global biomarker model to guide treatments with targeted therapy and predict progression-free survival
Authors: Lazar Vladimir , Magidi Shai , Girard Nicolas , Savignoni Alexia , Martini Jean-François , Massimini Giorgio , Bresson Catherine , Berger Raanan , Onn Amir , Raynaud Jacques , Wunder Fanny , Berindan-Neagoe Ioana , Sekacheva Marina , Braña Irene , Tabernero Josep , Felip Enriqueta , Porgador Angel , Kleinman Claudia , Batist Gerald , Solomon Benjamin , Tsimberidou Apostolia Maria , Soria Jean-Charles , Rubin Eitan , Kurzrock Razelle , Schilsky Richard L. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe expanding targeted therapy landscape requires combinatorial biomarkers for patient stratification and treatment selection. This requires simultaneous exploration of multiple genes of relevant networks to account for the complexity of mechanisms that govern drug sensitivity and predict clinical outcomes. We present the algorithm, Digital Display Precision Predictor (DDPP), aiming to identify transcriptomic predictors of treatment outcome. For example, 17 and 13 key genes were derived from the literature by their association with MTOR and angiogenesis pathways, respectively, and their expression in tumor versus normal tissues was associated with the progression-free survival (PFS) of patients treated with everolimus or axitinib (respectively) using DDPP. A specific eight-gene set best correlated with PFS in six patients treated with everolimus: AKT2, TSC1, FKB-12, TSC2, RPTOR, RHEB, PIK3CA, and PIK3CB (r = 0.99, p = 5.67E−05). A two-gene set best correlated with PFS in five patients treated with axitinib: KIT and KITLG (r = 0.99, p = 4.68E−04). Leave-one-out experiments demonstrated significant concordance between observed and DDPP-predicted PFS (r = 0.9, p = 0.015) for patients treated with everolimus. Notwithstanding the small cohort and pending further prospective validation, the prototype of DDPP offers the potential to transform patients’ treatment selection with a tumor- and treatment-agnostic predictor of outcomes (duration of PFS).
The radio emission from active galactic nuclei
Authors: Radcliffe J. F. , Barthel P. D. , Garrett M. A. , Beswick R. J. , Thomson A. P. , Muxlow T. W. B. 
Published: April 2021

Context. For nearly seven decades, astronomers have been studying active galaxies, that is to say, galaxies with actively accreting central supermassive black holes: active galactic nuclei (AGN). A small fraction are characterized by luminous, powerful radio emission: This class is known as radio-loud AGN. A substantial fraction, the so-called radio-quiet AGN population, display intermediate or weak radio emission. However, an appreciable fraction of strong X-ray-emitting AGN are characterized by the absence of radio emission, down to an upper limit of about 10−7 times the luminosity of the most powerful radio-loud AGN.
Aims. We wish to address the nature of these – seemingly radio-silent – X-ray-luminous AGN and their host galaxies to determine if there is any radio emission, and, if so, where it originates.
Methods. Focusing on the GOODS-N field, we examine the nature of these objects, employing stacking techniques on ultra-deep radio data obtained with the JVLA. We combine these radio data with Spitzer far-infrared data.
Results. We establish the absence, or totally insignificant contribution, of jet-driven radio emission in roughly half of the otherwise normal population of X-ray-luminous AGN, which appear to reside in normal star-forming galaxies.
Conclusions. AGN- or jet-driven radio emission is simply a mechanism that may be at work or may be dormant in galaxies with actively accreting black holes. The latter cases can be classified as radio-silent AGN.
Spiral antennas for the generation of bessel beams with tunable nondiffractive range
Authors: Benedetti Alessio , Fuscaldo Walter , Comite Davide , Tofani Silvia , Baccarelli Paolo , Galli Alessandro , Burghignoli Paolo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Backward cylindrical leaky waves radiating in the direction of their central axis represent an efficient solution for generating nondiffracting Bessel-like beams. The structures proposed so far to support such waves, constituted by concentric metal rings printed on a grounded dielectric slab, ensure the formation of nondiffractive field patterns with preset unchangeable configurations at a given frequency. Here, we propose the adoption of subwavelength spiral filaments with controlled patterning of the envelope figure by dynamic mechanical deformations, in order to achieve spatial tuning of the nondiffractive region in its size and shape. Precise guidelines and examples are provided to describe the proposed design technique and underline the inherent advantages of this alternative technological solution.
Comparison of highly-compressed C2/m-SnH12 superhydride with conventional superconductors
Authors: Talantsev E F 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Satterthwaite and Toepke (1970 Phys. Rev. Lett.
25 741) predicted high-temperature superconductivity in hydrogen-rich metallic alloys, based on an idea that these compounds should exhibit high Debye frequency of the proton lattice, which boosts the superconducting transition temperature, T
c. The idea has got full confirmation more than four decades later when Drozdov et al (2015 Nature
525 73) experimentally discovered near-room-temperature superconductivity in highly-compressed sulphur superhydride, H3S. To date, more than a dozen of high-temperature hydrogen-rich superconducting phases in Ba–H, Pr–H, P–H, Pt–H, Ce–H, Th–H, S–H, Y–H, La–H, and (La, Y)–H systems have been synthesized and, recently, Hong et al (2021 arXiv:2101.02846) reported on the discovery of C2/m-SnH12 phase with superconducting transition temperature of T
c ∼ 70 K. Here we analyse the magnetoresistance data, R(T, B), of C2/m-SnH12 phase and report that this superhydride exhibits the ground state superconducting gap of Δ(0) = 9.2 ± 0.5 meV, the ratio of 2Δ(0)/k
B
T
c = 3.3 ± 0.2, and 0.010 < T
c/T
F < 0.014 (where T
F is the Fermi temperature) and, thus, C2/m-SnH12 falls into unconventional superconductors band in the Uemura plot.
Theroy of magnetic inertial dynamics in two-sublattice ferromagnets
Authors: Mondal Ritwik 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The magnetic inertial dynamics have previously been investigated for one sublattice ferromagnets. Here, we develop the magnetization dynamics in two-sublattice ferromagnets including the intra- and inter-sublattice inertial dynamics. First, we derive the magnetic susceptibility of such a ferromagnet. Next, by finding the poles of the susceptibility, we calculate the precession and nutation resonance frequencies. Our results suggest that while the resonance frequencies show decreasing behavior with the increasing intra-sublattice relaxation time, the effect of inter-sublattice inertial dynamics has an opposite effect.
A cost-effective planning method for automatic measurement based on task similarity and octopus optimization
Authors: Li Shuanggao , Zeng Qi , Chen Fang , Huang Xiang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Measurement planning is vital for automatic and digitalized aircraft assembly, and in particular, for the key execution sequences. In this article, a novel planning method that considers both order and efficiency is proposed. General rules are defined for the analysis of measurement tasks and their elements. A Laplace kernel function is then utilized for similarity quantification, and based on iterative two-step elementary transformations of the similarity matrix, the clustering of measurement tasks is achieved. A virtual task is proposed to bridge task clusters, and the preliminary sequences are obtained naturally. Given that the adjacent association results may not be the most efficient, octopus optimization is proposed to solve this special case of the traveling salesman problem. The measurement tasks and clusters are shops and cities, respectively. The octopus has multiple tentacles that traverse all shops, and each tentacle carries one feasible execution order. Experiments performed using aircraft inspection indicate that the proposed method can output multiple orderly measurement sequences. Compared with the preliminary sequences, the efficiency is obviously improved in terms of a decrease in the total measurement time. In addition, the optimal sequences are more even, and the duty ratio of the measurement device is decreased.
Towards a precision calculation of the effective number of neutrinos Neff in the Standard Model. Part II. Neutrino decoupling in the presence of flavour oscillations and finite-temperature QED
Authors: Bennett Jack J. , Buldgen Gilles , de Salas Pablo F. , Drewes Marco , Gariazzo Stefano , Pastor Sergio , Wong Yvonne Y.Y. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We present in this work a new calculation of the standard-model benchmark value for the effective number of neutrinos, Neff
SM, that quantifies the cosmological neutrino-to-photon energy densities.
The calculation takes into account neutrino flavour oscillations, finite-temperature effects in the quantum electrodynamics plasma to O(e3), where e is the elementary electric charge, and a full evaluation of the neutrino-neutrino collision integral.
We provide furthermore a detailed assessment of the uncertainties in the benchmark Neff
SM value, through testing the value's dependence on (i) optional approximate modelling of the weak collision integrals, (ii) measurement errors in the physical parameters of the weak sector, and (iii) numerical convergence, particularly in relation to momentum discretisation.
Our new, recommended standard-model benchmark is Neff
SM 3.0440 ±0.0002, where the nominal uncertainty is attributed predominantly to errors incurred in the numerical solution procedure (|δ Neff| ∼10-4), augmented by measurement errors in the solar mixing angle sin2θ
12 (|δ Neff| ∼10-4).
Scalar-tensor mixing from icosahedral inflation
Authors: Nicolis Alberto , Sun Guanhao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We study the mixed scalar-tensor two-point function in icosahedral inflation. Within the regime of validity of the effective field theory, this has to be perturbatively small; in particular, much smaller than the scalar spectrum. However, it can be much bigger that the tensor spectrum itself. We discuss observational implications for the CMB temperature-polarization spectrum.
Validation of quasi-linear turbulent transport models against plasmas with dominant electron heating for the prediction of ITER PFPO-1 plasmas
Authors: Kiefer C.K. , Angioni C. , Tardini G. , Bonanomi N. , Geiger B. , Mantica P. , Pütterich T. , Fable E. , Schneider P.A. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Kinetic profile predictions of ITER PFPO-1 plasmas require high accuracy in the central electron temperatures to be applied to the calculation of third harmonic electron cyclotron absorption. Correctly predicting the transition from L-mode to H-mode further requires precise estimates of the ion heat flux in the periphery of the plasma. Recent versions of the quasi-linear transport models TGLF and QuaLiKiz were tested against an extensive set of experimental results from ASDEX Upgrade (AUG) and JET-ILW, where the focus was put on AUG plasmas heated by ECRH. Spectra obtained from TGLF are compared to a set of linear gyrokinetic simulations performed with GKW. Electron and ion temperature profiles obtained with TGLF-SAT1geo show good agreement with the experimental profiles, but there is a slight tendency to underpredict central T
e and T
i at high ratios T
e/T
i. QuaLiKiz yields reasonable results for T
e and T
i profiles in plasmas where the ion temperature gradient mode is dominant, but predicts a significantly too weak transport in the presence of dominant trapped electron modes in conditions of strong central electron heating.
Research on Classroom Lighting Energy Saving System Based on YOLOv3
Authors: Yuan Bingjie , Li Juan , Liu Ziyi , Zhao Delong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
After class, there are frequent cases of people walking but still lighting. In order to reduce the occurrence of this phenomenon, this paper proposes a classroom lighting energysaving system based on YOLOv3. The system uses the installed monitoring equipment in the existing public area as the information collector, controls the lamps through the wireless control switch, and uses the Internet as a bridge to intelligently control the lamps. The system can judge the area where the lights need to be turned off and automatically turn off the equipment in the case of people leaving the lights. While ensuring lighting, the system not only prolongs the service life of lamps, but also reduces the cost of school funds. When the system is popularized to the country, it will save a lot of electric energy, and the future development force cannot be underestimated. It is of great significance to carry out energy conservation and emission reduction in China.
The harmonic characteristics analysis of offshore wind farms transmitted by the submarine cable based on time domain simulation
Authors: Li Jingyi , Yang Jianjun , Shi Zhaohui , Wang Ke , Li Haozhi , Xie Xiaorong , Li Fangfeng 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The harmonic amplitude may exceed the limit when the large scale of wind farm is connected to the weak AC system through AC submarine cable. The harmonic with high amplitude will endanger the safety of power equipment, and even affect the normal integration of large-scale wind farm. This paper takes an actual offshore wind power connected to the system through AC submarine cable as an example. On the basis of building the model of the system in the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation software. The simulation calculation is systematically carried out. The effect of multiple factors on the harmonic characteristics is analyzed. The preliminary explanation for the harmonic amplitude out of limit is given for the actual large scale of wind farm connected to the weak AC system through AC submarine cable.
A Novel Wind DC Microgrid Energy Management Strategy Based on LSTM forecast Model
Authors: Hui Liu , Fang Lin , Dihuang Chen 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In order to improve the accuracy of wind power DC microgrid scheduling, especially in the case of LSTM prediction errors, this paper proposes a WOA optimized DC microgrid energy scheduling control strategy based on LSTM prediction algorithm. MATLAB software is used to simulate the scheduling process. Compared with the traditional LSTM-PID method, the WOA scheduling control strategy reduces the average absolute deviation of the SOC from 0.7043 to 0.1755, a reduction of 75.08%. While the median absolute deviation decreases from 0.5812 to 0.1316, a reduction of 77.36%.
Coordinative Optimal Operation Mode of Regional Energy Internet
Authors: Li Congcong , Wang Qing , Zhu Hongxia , Wang Xinping , Yu Chao , Wang Zhixue , Guo Wei 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Distributed energy has the limitation of “point-to-point” supply. The regional Energy Internet is a multi-dimensional energy network system with energy producers and consumers as nodes, electricity, gas, cold and hot energy networks as links, connecting the production, transmission, distribution, storage and use of energy. The regional Energy Internet realizes the full utilization of distributed energy through the operation mode of multi-source complementary, “energy network load storage” coordination, and optimized control technology.
Optimization and Control Strategy Technology for User Comprehensive Energy Consumption
Authors: Li Congcong , Wang Qing , Zhu Hongxia , Wang Xinping , Yu Chao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper studies the application of the exclusive energy controller for comprehensive energy consumption. Users’ various energy consumption data such as water, gas, electricity, heat, cold are collected by controller. Various energy consumption information collection and sharing of park, community, building and other types of users can be realized by using data optimization and data fusion technology. The coupling optimization model is designed and the optimization strategy is studied, so as to realize the comprehensive state perception of energy consumption equipment and intelligent optimization control of comprehensive energy consumption.