bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction of bio‐safety flame retardant coatings on polyethylene terephthalate fabric with ammonium phytate and cyclodextrin
Authors: Guo Qianqian , Yang Yufan , Li Lu , Sun Jun , Liu Wei , Gu Xiaoyu , Li Hongfei , Zhang Sheng 
Published: July 2021

AbstractPolyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabric has been widely used in textile industry for decades. However, it faces poor flame retardant performance and dripping problem during burning. In our study, a novel intumescent flame retardant coating containing bio‐materials ammonium phytate (APA) and cyclodextrin (CD) had been constructed on PET fabrics surface via pad‐dry‐cure method. The fire performance, mechanical properties and bio‐safety of APA/CD coated fabric were evaluated. PET fabric coated with 19%APA/6%CD showed a limiting oxygen index value of 29.5% with self‐extinguish from fire and no melt dripping during the vertical burning test. Cone calorimetry test revealed that treated PET fabric significantly suppressed heat release and mass loss. The peak heat release rate was decreased from 277.1 KW/m2 of PET fabric to 158.3 KW/m2 of PET‐19%APA/6%CD sample. Furthermore, the residue of treated fabric after combustion was also increased significantly. Tensile strength test showed that the maximum force of fabric was improved by 109.5% in warp direction and 24.2% in weft direction after treatment. Skin irritation test indicated that APA/CD coated PET fabric did not cause erythema and edema to rabbit skin and exhibited satisfactory bio‐safety. All these results suggest that this study proposes a viable way to produce bio‐safety flame retardant PET fabrics.
Preparing and characterizing biodegradable materials for ureteral stents
Authors: Cui Haipo , Zhang Kui , Gao Chenguang , Kang Yahong , Jiang Hongyan , He Yingrong 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe development and application of biodegradable ureteral stents is of clinical significance for patients with ureteral stenosis and obstruction. We prepared five types of degradable monofilament, namely poly‐L‐lactide, poly(L‐lactide‐co‐ glycolide) (85% L‐lactide, 15% glycolide), poly(L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide‐co‐ε‐ caprolactone) (89% L‐lactide, 8% glycolide, and 3% ε‐caprolactone), poly(L‐lactide‐ co‐D,L‐lactide) (95% L‐lactide, 5% D,L‐lactide), and poly(lactide‐co‐ε‐caprolactone) (95% L‐lactide, 5% ε‐caprolactone), by melt extrusion and secondary drawing processes, after which degradation experiments were carried out in simulated urine at 37°C for 2 months. Because residues in the urinary systems of patients can cause complications, it is important that biodegradable ureteral stents are completely degraded after 6 weeks. Poly‐L‐lactide did not completely degrade under the abovementioned conditions and its molecular weight changed little. On the other hand, the poly(L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) monofilament degraded slightly faster than that prepared from poly‐L‐lactide; however it maintained a certain mechanical strength after 8 weeks, which is not ideal for a woven ureteral stent. The poly(L‐lactide‐co‐D,L‐lactide), poly(L‐lactide‐co‐glycolide‐co‐ε‐caprolactone), and poly(lactide‐co‐ε‐caprolactone) monofilaments exhibited good tensile strengths and elongations at break in the first four weeks, which were reduced to almost zero in the eighth week. Ureteral stents made of these polymers can open narrow urethras at early stages and degrade completely at later stages. Based on its degradation rate, we conclude that the poly(lactide‐co‐ε‐caprolactone) monofilament is the best material for the preparation of ureteral stents.
In‐silico screening and microsecond molecular dynamics simulations to identify single point mutations that destabilize β‐hexosaminidase A causing Tay‐Sachs disease
Authors: Almanasra Ahmad , Havranek Brandon , Islam Shahidul M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstractβ‐hexosaminidase A (HexA) protein is responsible for the degradation of GM2 gangliosides in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Tay‐Sachs disease occurs when HexA within Hexosaminidase does not properly function and harmful GM2 gangliosides begin to build up within the neurons. In this study, in silico methods such as SIFT, PolyPhen‐2, PhD‐SNP, and MutPred were utilized to analyze the effects of nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) on HexA in order to identify possible pathogenetic and deleterious variants. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed that two mutants, P25S and W485R, experienced an increase in structural flexibility compared to the native protein. Particularly, there was a decrease in the overall number and frequencies of hydrogen bonds for the mutants compared to the wildtype. MM/GBSA calculations were performed to help assess the change in binding affinity between the wildtype and mutant structures and a mechanism‐based inhibitor, NGT, which is known to help increase the residual activity of HexA. Both of the mutants experienced a decrease in the binding affinity from −23.8 kcal/mol in wildtype to −20.9 and −18.7 kcal/mol for the P25S and W485R variants of HexA, respectively.
Adaptive robust barrier‐based control of a 3D flexible riser system subject to boundary displacement constraints
Authors: Ma Ge , Tan Zhifeng , Liu Yiming , Zhao Zhijia , Zou Tao 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article involves an adaptive robust barrier‐based control of a three‐dimensional riser system subject to system uncertainties and output constraints. A barrier‐based Lyapunov function and a dynamical online update technique are merged to develop new adaptive robust control schemes for dampening the vibration, compensating for parametric uncertainties, and dealing with the constraints in the system. A rigorous Lyapunov analysis is exploited to guarantee the uniformly bounded stability in the controlled system. Finally, the efficacy of the designed approach is validated via simulation results.
Political affinity and investors' response to the acquisition premium in cross‐border M&A transactions — A moderation analysis
Authors: Fieberg Christian , Lopatta Kerstin , Tammen Thomas , Tideman Sebastian A. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis article investigates the moderating effect of political affinity between countries on investors' reactions to the premium in cross‐border acquisitions (CBAs). Based on a sample of 1,183 CBAs between 1999 and 2018, we find that political affinity positively moderates the relationship between the acquisition premium and the acquiring and target firms' stock market return. We argue that investors use political affinity to assess the reliability of the premium (i.e., management's overall perception of a given deal's synergistic potential). This is in line with prior literature reasoning that, unlike strong political affinity, weak political affinity increases the likelihood of government intervention, decreases the likelihood of deal completion, and results in higher premiums to mitigate the previous effects, thus potentially increasing the likelihood of value destruction.
Mechanical and Chemical Interactions in Atomically Defined Contacts
Authors: Yesilpinar Damla , Schulze Lammers Bertram , Timmer Alexander , Hu Zhixin , Ji Wei , Amirjalayer Saeed , Fuchs Harald , Mönig Harry 
Published: July 2021

AbstractProviding fundamental insights in atomic interactions, dedicated methods in atomic force microscopy allow measuring the threshold forces needed to move single adsorbed atoms or molecules. However, the chemical and structural properties of the probe‐tip can drastically influence the results. Establishing atomically defined contacts in such experiments, the tips in the present study are functionalized with various chemically and structurally different terminations. Xenon atoms are moved along an atomically defined metal/metal‐oxide boundary where all tips show a pulling mechanism and slight force variations, which are assigned to polarization effects within the tip‐sample junction. Detaching Xe atoms from the boundary involves a significantly higher energy barrier where chemical reactive Cu‐tips cause Xe pickup before any lateral manipulation. Passivating the tip by inert probe particles (Xe or CO) allows further approaching the surface Xe atom. Yet, the small vertical attraction and pronounced tip relaxations prevent reaching sufficient threshold forces inducing manipulation. In contrast, the high structural rigidity of oxygen‐terminated Cu‐tips allows manipulations even beyond the threshold where they evolve from initial pulling, via sliding to pushing mode. The detailed quantitative analysis of the processes in the atomically defined junctions emphasizes the mechanical and chemical interactions for highly controlled experiments with piconewton sensitivity.
Modeling and verifying NDN‐based IoV using CSP
Authors: Chen Ningning , Zhu Huibiao , Yin Jiaqi , Fei Yuan , Xiao Lili , Zhu Minghua 
Published: July 2021

AbstractAs a crucial component of intelligent transportation system, Internet of Vehicles (IoV) plays an important role in the smart and intelligent cities. However, current Internet architectures cannot guarantee efficient data delivery and adequate data security for IoV. Therefore, Named Data Networking (NDN), a leading architecture of Information‐Centric Networking (ICN), is introduced into IoV. Although problems about data distribution can be resolved effectively, the combination of NDN and IoV causes some new security issues. In this paper, we apply Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP) to formalize NDN‐based IoV. We mainly focus on its data access mechanism and model this mechanism in detail. By feeding the formalized model into the model checker Process Analysis Toolkit (PAT), we verify four vital properties, namely, deadlock freedom, data reliability, PIT deletion faking, and CS caching pollution. According to verification results, the model cannot ensure the security of data with the appearance of intruders. To solve these problems, we construct a blockchain‐based mechanism by creating a blockchain‐based distribution trusted platform on top of NDN‐based IoV. Through the analysis of the improved model, the blockchain‐based mechanism can truly guarantee the security of NDN‐based IoV.
Experimental investigation and prediction of copper slag incorporated self‐compacting concrete using artificial neural network
Authors: S. Dinesh , D. Brindha 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThis research work is aimed to carryout experimental investigation on copper slag incorporated self‐compacting (SCC) concrete; here, copper slag is used as a replacement to fine aggregate in the range of 0–100%. The self‐compacting concrete is manufactured with powder matrix incorporating cement, flyash, metakaolin, and silicafume. The powder matrix is decided based on the objective of flow properties and strength properties. The fresh concrete properties of various mixes were studied and collected. Then, the concrete is casted as cubes and cylinders and tested for its strength behavior. The flow properties of copper slag‐replaced mix were within stipulated guideline values by EFNARC, and early age strength attainment gets affected by the replacement of copper slag. The collected experimental results were designed to a data set categorizing as input and target. This data set is then used as a parameter in feed forward artificial neural network (ANN) and a predictive model is developed. This predictive model is then compared with the existing experimental values and tested for its performance. The results show that ANN provides a reliable predictive model for both flow and strength properties.
Recent Advances on Photoinduced Cascade Strategies for the Synthesis of N‐Heterocycles
Authors: Correia José Tiago M. , Santos Marilia S. , Pissinati Emanuele F. , da Silva Gustavo P. , Paixão Márcio W. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractOver the last decade, visible‐light photocatalysis has proved to be a powerful tool for the construction of N‐heterocyclic frameworks, important constituents of natural products, insecticides, pharmacologically relevant therapeutic agents and catalysts. This account highlights recent developments and established methods towards the photocatalytic cascades for preparation of different classes of N‐heterocycles, giving emphasis on our contribution to the field.
Explaining (g − 2)μ with multi-TeV sleptons
Authors: Altmannshofer Wolfgang , Gadam Sri Aditya , Gori Stefania , Hamer Nick 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We present a supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model in which the new physics contributions to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon can be more than an order of magnitude larger than in the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model. The extended electroweak symmetry breaking sector of the model can consistently accommodate Higgs bosons and Higgsinos with O(1) couplings to muons. We find that sleptons with masses in the multi-TeV range can comfortably explain the recently confirmed discrepancy in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. We discuss additional phenomenological aspects of the model, including its effects on tau flavor changing decays.
Holographic phonons by gauge-axion coupling
Authors: Wang Xi-Jing , Li Wei-Jia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we show that a simple generalization of the holographic axion model can realize spontaneous breaking of translational symmetry by considering a special gauge-axion higher derivative term. The finite real part and imaginary part of the stress tensor imply that the dual boundary system is a viscoelastic solid. By calculating quasi-normal modes and making a comparison with predictions from the elasticity theory, we verify the existence of phonons and pseudo-phonons, where the latter is realized by introducing a weak explicit breaking of translational symmetry, in the transverse channel. Finally, we discuss how the phonon dynamics affects the charge transport.
From black holes to baby universes in CGHS gravity
Authors: Godet Victor , Marteau Charles 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We study $$ \hat{\mathrm{CGHS}} $$

CGHS
̂

gravity, a variant of the matterless Callan-Giddings-Harvey-Strominger model. We show that it describes a universal sector of the near horizon perturbations of non-extremal black holes in higher dimensions. In many respects this theory can be viewed as a flat space analog of Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity. The result for the Euclidean path integral implies that $$ \hat{\mathrm{CGHS}} $$

CGHS
̂

is dual to a Gaussian ensemble that we describe in detail. The simplicity of this theory allows us to compute exact quantities such as the quenched free energy and provides a useful playground to study baby universes, averages and factorization. In particular we derive a “wormhole = diagonal” identity. We also give evidence for the existence of a non-perturbative completion in terms of a matrix model. Finally, flat wormhole solutions in this model are discussed.
Toward simulating superstring/M-theory on a quantum computer
Authors: Gharibyan Hrant , Hanada Masanori , Honda Masazumi , Liu Junyu 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
We present a novel framework for simulating matrix models on a quantum computer. Supersymmetric matrix models have natural applications to superstring/M-theory and gravitational physics, in an appropriate limit of parameters. Furthermore, for certain states in the Berenstein-Maldacena-Nastase (BMN) matrix model, several supersymmetric quantum field theories dual to superstring/M-theory can be realized on a quantum device. Our prescription consists of four steps: regularization of the Hilbert space, adiabatic state preparation, simulation of real-time dynamics, and measurements. Regularization is performed for the BMN matrix model with the introduction of energy cut-off via the truncation in the Fock space. We use the Wan-Kim algorithm for fast digital adiabatic state preparation to prepare the low-energy eigenstates of this model as well as thermofield double state. Then, we provide an explicit construction for simulating real-time dynamics utilizing techniques of block-encoding, qubitization, and quantum signal processing. Lastly, we present a set of measurements and experiments that can be carried out on a quantum computer to further our understanding of superstring/M-theory beyond analytic results.
Soft-drop grooming for hadronic event shapes
Authors: Baron Jeremy , Reichelt Daniel , Schumann Steffen , Schwanemann Niklas , Theeuwes Vincent 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Soft-drop grooming of hadron-collision final states has the potential to significantly reduce the impact of non-perturbative corrections, and in particular the underlying-event contribution. This eventually will enable a more direct comparison of accurate perturbative predictions with experimental measurements. In this study we consider soft-drop groomed dijet event shapes. We derive general results needed to perform the resummation of suitable event-shape variables to next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) accuracy matched to exact next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD matrix elements. We compile predictions for the transverse-thrust shape accurate to NLO + NLL′ using the implementation of the Caesar formalism in the Sherpa event generator framework. We complement this by state-of-the-art parton- and hadron-level predictions based on NLO QCD matrix elements matched with parton showers. We explore the potential to mitigate non-perturbative corrections for particle-level and track-based measurements of transverse thrust by considering a wide range of soft-drop parameters. We find that soft-drop grooming indeed is very efficient in removing the underlying event. This motivates future experimental measurements to be compared to precise QCD predictions and employed to constrain non-perturbative models in Monte-Carlo simulations.
Noether-Wald charges in six-dimensional Critical Gravity
Authors: Anastasiou Giorgos , Araya Ignacio J. , Corral Cristóbal , Olea Rodrigo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
It has been recently shown that there is a particular combination of conformal invariants in six dimensions which accepts a generic Einstein space as a solution. The Lagrangian of this Conformal Gravity theory — originally found by Lu, Pang and Pope (LPP) — can be conveniently rewritten in terms of products and covariant derivatives of the Weyl tensor. This allows one to derive the corresponding Noether prepotential and Noether-Wald charges in a compact form. Based on this expression, we calculate the Noether-Wald charges of six-dimensional Critical Gravity at the bicritical point, which is defined by the difference of the actions for Einstein-AdS gravity and the LPP Conformal Gravity. When considering Einstein manifolds, we show the vanishing of the Noether prepotential of Critical Gravity explicitly, which implies the triviality of the Noether-Wald charges. This result shows the equivalence between Einstein-AdS gravity and Conformal Gravity within its Einstein sector not only at the level of the action but also at the level of the charges.
The trochlear sulcus of the native knee is consistently orientated close to the sagittal plane despite variation in distal condylar anatomy
Authors: Borukhov Ilya , Esposito Christina I. , Ismailidis Petros , LiArno Sally , Lyon Jenna P. , McCarthy Thomas F. , McEwen Peter 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to describe the native trochlear orientation of non-arthritic knees in three planes and to quantify the relationship between trochlear and distal condylar anatomy across race and sex.

Methods
Computed tomography scans of 1578 femora were included in this study. The mediolateral position of the trochlear sulcus, the distal trochlear sulcus angle (DTSA) the medial sulcus angle (MSA) and the lateral sulcus angle (LSA) as well as the mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA) were measured relative to a standard reference coordinate system. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to account for potential confounding variables.

Results
The mediolateral position of the trochlear sulcus had minimal mean deviation of the sagittal femoral plane. The mean DTSA was 86.1° (SD 2.2°). Multilinear regression analysis found mLDFA, sex, and age all influence DTSA (p < 0.05), with mLDFA having by far the greatest influence (r2 = 0.55). The medial facet of the trochlear sulcus was found to be flat proximally and more prominent distally. The lateral facet was relatively uniform throughout the arc.

Conclusion
In non-arthritic knees, due to a strong positive correlation between the DTSA and the mLDFA, the trochlear sulcus is consistently orientated in the sagittal femoral plane regardless of distal condylar anatomy. Minor deviations from the sagittal plane occur in a lateral direction in the middle part and in a medial direction at the proximal and distal part of the trochlea. These findings have relevance regarding the biomimetic design of total knee implants.
Genotoxicity and inflammatory potential of stainless steel welding fume particles: an in vitro study on standard vs Cr(VI)-reduced flux-cored wires and the role of released metals
Authors: McCarrick Sarah , Romanovski Valentin , Wei Zheng , Westin Elin M. , Persson Kjell-Arne , Trydell Klara , Wagner Richard , Odnevall Inger , Hedberg Yolanda S. , Karlsson Hanna L. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractWelders are daily exposed to various levels of welding fumes containing several metals. This exposure can lead to an increased risk for different health effects which serves as a driving force to develop new methods that generate less toxic fumes. The aim of this study was to explore the role of released metals for welding particle-induced toxicity and to test the hypothesis that a reduction of Cr(VI) in welding fumes results in less toxicity by comparing the welding fume particles of optimized Cr(VI)-reduced flux-cored wires (FCWs) to standard FCWs. The welding particles were thoroughly characterized, and toxicity (cell viability, DNA damage and inflammation) was assessed following exposure to welding particles as well as their released metal fraction using cultured human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC-3kt, 5–100 µg/mL) and human monocyte-derived macrophages (THP-1, 10–50 µg/mL). The results showed that all Cr was released as Cr(VI) for welding particles generated using standard FCWs whereas only minor levels (< 3% of total Cr) were released from the newly developed FCWs. Furthermore, the new FCWs were considerably less cytotoxic and did not cause any DNA damage in the doses tested. For the standard FCWs, the Cr(VI) released in cell media seemed to explain a large part of the cytotoxicity and DNA damage. In contrast, all particles caused rather similar inflammatory effects suggesting different underlying mechanisms. Taken together, this study suggests a potential benefit of substituting standard FCWs with Cr(VI)-reduced wires to achieve less toxic welding fumes and thus reduced risks for welders.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Curves with prescribed symmetry and associated representations of mapping class groups
Authors: Boggi Marco , Looijenga Eduard 
Published: July 2021

AbstractLet C be a complex smooth projective algebraic curve endowed with an action of a finite group G such that the quotient curve has genus at least 3. We prove that if the G-curve C is very general for these properties, then the natural map from the group algebra $${{\mathbb {Q}}}G$$

Q
G

to the algebra of $${{\mathbb {Q}}}$$
Q
-endomorphisms of its Jacobian is an isomorphism. We use this to obtain (topological) properties regarding certain virtual linear representations of a mapping class group. For example, we show that the connected component of the Zariski closure of such a representation often acts $${{\mathbb {Q}}}$$
Q
-irreducibly in a G-isogeny space of $$H^1(C; {{\mathbb {Q}}})$$

H
1

(
C
;
Q
)

and with image a $${{\mathbb {Q}}}$$
Q
-almost simple group.