bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quasi‐maximum exponential likelihood estimation for double‐threshold GARCH models
Authors: Zhang Tongwei , Wang Dehui , Yang Kai 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe consider the nonparametric inference for the double‐threshold generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic models. The quasi‐maximum exponential likelihood estimators (QMELEs) of the model parameters are obtained, and their asymptotic properties are established. Simulation studies imply that the estimators are asymptotically normally distributed. An empirical investigation of stock returns illustrates our findings. Both the simulations and the example indicate that the QMELE is feasible, reliable and appropriate to fit the financial time series data of the Hang Seng Index.
Prevalence and predictors of cancer‐related worry and associations with health behaviors in adult survivors of childhood cancer
Authors: McDonnell Glynnis A. , Brinkman Tara M. , Wang Mingjuan , Gibson Todd M. , Heathcote Lauren C. , Ehrhardt Matthew J. , Srivastava Deo Kumar , Robison Leslie L. , Hudson Melissa M. , Alberts Nicole M. 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundCancer‐related worry (CRW) is common among cancer survivors; however, little is known about factors associated with CRW or its impact on health behaviors in adult survivors of childhood cancer.MethodsSurvivors in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study (n = 3211; 51% male; mean age, 31.2 years [SD, 8.4 years]; mean time after diagnosis, 22.8 years [SD, 8.3 years]) underwent medical evaluations and completed ratings of CRW, psychological symptoms, and health behaviors. Multivariable modified Poisson regression models examined associations between CRW and treatment exposures, chronic health conditions, psychological symptoms, and health behaviors.ResultsSixty‐four percent of survivors (95% confidence interval [CI], 62.6‐65.9) reported worry about subsequent malignancy, 45% (95% CI, 43.5‐46.9) reported worry about physical problems related to cancer, and 33% (95% CI, 31.2‐34.4) reported worry about relapse. Multiple psychological symptoms, treatment exposures, and chronic conditions significantly increased the risk of CRW. Survivors reporting CRW were at increased risk for substance use, inadequate physical activity, and increased health care utilization after adjustments for chronic conditions. For example, with adjustments for chronic conditions, those who endorsed CRW were more likely to have ≥5 cancer‐related physician visits, ≥5 physician visits related to cancer, and ≥5 calls to a physician's office in the previous 2 years in comparison with survivors who were not worried. CRW was also associated with an increased risk of current tobacco use, past marijuana use, and current marijuana use.ConclusionsA substantial proportion of adult survivors of childhood cancer reported CRW associated with increased health care utilization. CRW may serve as an intervention target to promote well‐being and adaptive health behaviors.
Forecasting essential childhood cancer drug need: An innovative model‐based approach
Authors: Hughes Terence M. , Empringham Brianna , Wagner Anita K. , Ward Zachary J. , Yeh Jennifer , Gupta Sumit , Frazier A. Lindsay , Denburg Avram E. 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundChildhood cancer outcomes in low‐income and middle‐income countries have not kept pace with advances in care and survival in high‐income countries. A contributing factor to this survival gap is unreliable access to essential drugs.MethodsThe authors created a tool (FORxECAST) capable of predicting drug quantity and cost for 18 pediatric cancers. FORxECAST enables users to estimate the quantity and cost of each drug based on local incidence, stage breakdown, treatment regimen, and price. Two country‐specific examples are used to illustrate the capabilities of FORxECAST to predict drug quantities.ResultsOn the basis of domestic public‐sector price data, the projected annual cost of drugs to treat childhood cancer cases is 0.8 million US dollars in Kenya and 3.0 million US dollars in China, with average median price ratios of 0.9 and 0.1, respectively, compared with costs sourced from the Management Sciences for Health (MSH) International Medical Products Price Guide. According to the cumulative chemotherapy cost, the most expensive disease to treat is acute lymphoblastic lymphoma in Kenya, but a higher relative unit cost of methotrexate makes osteosarcoma the most expensive diagnosis to treat in China.ConclusionsFORxECAST enables needs‐based estimates of childhood cancer drug volumes to inform health system planning in a wide range of contexts. It is broadly adaptable, allowing decision makers to generate results specific to their needs. The resultant estimates of drug need can help equip policymakers and health governance institutions with evidence‐informed data to advance innovative procurement strategies that drive global improvements in childhood cancer drug access.
Psychological intervention with adult victims of sexual abuse: A comprehensive review
Authors: Fávero Marisalva , Moreira Diana , Abreu Beatriz , Del Campo Amaia , Moreira Diana Sá , Sousa‐Gomes Valéria 
Published: April 2021

AbstractChild sexual abuse (CSA) is a phenomenon that is ubiquitous to all cultures and social classes. It has short‐ and long‐term consequences, with specific treatment models that have been developed and adapted from psychological intervention models. A wide variety of studies have sought to evaluate the results of treatments with adult CSA survivors. This study presents an overview of research on the treatment of adult victims of CSA, by reviewing the existing literature on the types of treatment and the most studied psychotherapeutic avenues, and reports the findings related to the efficacy of these treatments. It is possible to conclude that psychological intervention exhibits benefits in the reduction of symptoms resulting from the experience of CSA and demonstrates the need to conduct further research on the effectiveness of intervention.
(Photo)electrocatalytic Versus Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction
Authors: Bellardita Marianna , Loddo Vittorio , Parrino Francesco , Palmisano Leonardo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe present review summarizes some of the main results achieved in electrochemical, photocatalytic, and (photo)‐electrocatalytic systems for the reduction of carbon dioxide. After a preliminary survey of the electrocatalytic and photocatalytic systems in terms of materials used, efficiencies, operating conditions, and product distribution, it is shown how the combination of the two approaches affords often higher efficiency than the single technologies and allows better control of the product distribution. In fact, the peculiar energetic distribution at the interface of irradiated semiconductors under opportune electrical bias enables enhancement of the spatial separation of the photogenerated charges and minimization of the external energy required in electrochemical applications. Even though the efficiency of CO2 reduction is still far away from being industrially appealing, in some cases the photoelectrocatalytic systems are promising tools to be further investigated for sustainable green chemistry based CO2 utilization. The aim of this review is to examine the strengths and the weaknesses of the different approaches considering that sometimes one of the three methods can be used more successfully than the others, depending on the desired product(s) and the materials used as photocatalysts or as the (photo)electrode.
Localizing Peptidoglycan Synthesis in Helicobacter pylori using Clickable Metabolic Probes
Authors: Taylor Jennifer A. , Santiago Cintia C. , Gray Joe , Wodzanowski Kimberly A. , DeMeester Kristen E. , Biboy Jacob , Vollmer Waldemar , Grimes Catherine L. , Salama Nina R. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe bacterial cell wall, composed of peptidoglycan (PG), provides structural integrity for the cell and is responsible for cell shape in most bacteria. Here we present tools to study the cell wall using a clickable PG‐specific sugar, 2‐alkyne muramic acid (MurNAc‐alk), as a metabolic probe. Here we present a new reaction pathway for generating MurNAc‐alk. We also include protocols for labeling PG synthesis in Helicobacter pylori, determining the identity of the labeled muropeptides using LC‐MS/MS, sample preparation of cells labeled for a short fraction of the doubling time, and visualization using 3D structured illumination microscopy. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Alternative synthesis of MurNAc‐alk (direct coupling)Support Protocol 1: Growing Helicobacter pylori in liquid cultureSupport Protocol 2: Fosfomycin rescue assayBasic Protocol 2: Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis to determine incorporation of MurNAc‐alk within the peptidoglycan of H. pyloriSupport Protocol 3: Hayashi test to determine if SDS is present in the supernatant of peptidoglycan preparationsSupport Protocol 4: Creating custom cytocentrifuge units for use in a swinging‐bucket tabletop centrifugeBasic Protocol 3: Labeling H. pylori with MurNAc‐alk or D‐Ala‐alkBasic Protocol 4: Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) imaging on the DeltaVision OMX
Performance and Limitations of Nickel‐Doped Chromite Anodes in Electrolyte‐Supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Riegraf Matthias , Amaya‐Dueñas Diana M. , Sata Noriko , Friedrich K. Andreas , Costa Rémi 
Published: April 2021

AbstractNi‐doped chromite anodes were integrated into electrolyte‐supported cells (ESC) with 5×5 cm2 size and investigated in fuel cell mode with H2/H2O fuel gas. Both a stoichiometric and a nominally A‐site deficient chromite anode material showed promising performance at 860 °C approaching the ones of state‐of‐the‐art Ni/Gd‐doped ceria (CGO) anodes. While the difference in polarization resistance was small, an increased ohmic resistance of the perovskite anodes was observed, which is related to their limited electronic conductivity. Increasing the chromite electrode thickness was shown to enhance performance and stability considerably. Degradation increased with current density, suggesting its dependency on the electrode potential, and could be reversed by redox cycling. Sulfur poisoning with 20 ppm hydrogen sulfide led to rapid voltage drops for the chromite anodes. It is discussed that Ni nanoparticle exsolution facilitates hydrogen dissociation to the extent that it is not rate‐limiting at the investigated temperature unless an insufficiently thick electrode thickness is employed or sulfur impurities are present in the feed gas.
Ring oscillators yield analysis: Improving Monte Carlo models with optimized clustering methods
Authors: Lalléchère Sébastien , Xu Zhifei , Nebhen Jamel , Wan Fayu , Ravelo Blaise 
Published: April 2021

SummaryThe aim of this article is to demonstrate the interest of the optimized clustering method (OCM) when dealing with the yield analysis of ring oscillators, given uncertain assumptions over inputs. Indeed, the complementary metal–oxide semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit domain is facing a major challenge since these devices are subjected to noticeable fluctuations (mostly due to transistor constant scaling down at sub‐micron sizes), with utmost expectations regarding their performances (e.g., for digital circuits). Whether the classical approach requires use of Monte Carlo methods coupled with classical circuit solver (e.g., Spice and/or transistor model), the natural complexity of systems and varying inputs needs to provide alternative techniques, such as OCM. The foundations of the method and its efficiency will be presented and illustrated through ring oscillator applications.
Nested code division multiple access for distance measuring equipment interference mitigation in L‐band digital aeronautical communication system
Authors: Abd‐Elaty Emad , Zekry Abdelhalim , El‐Agooz Salah , Helaly Anwar M. 
Published: April 2021

SummaryAir‐to‐ground (A/G) communications have been transferred from the congested very high frequency (VHF) band to occupy the guard bands between adjacent distance measurement equipment (DME) navigation channels within the L‐Band. However, the inlayed channels, called L‐band digital aeronautical communication system (LDACS) channels, experience severe interference with the coexisting DME channels. In this paper, a DME interference detection and mitigation technique is proposed to improve the performance of the LDACS in the presence of DME interference. The DME energy detector based on Neyman–Pearson test is proposed, which has more advantages than the other techniques due to its noncoherent nature and simplicity. Furthermore, the proposed DME detection technique is performed by using an adaptive threshold to achieve the best trade‐off between the DME signal detection and false alarm. The proposed DME interference mitigation technique relies on the proposed concept of nested RF upconversion, where the in‐phase and the quadrature components of an LDACS signal are forwarded to a code division multiple access (CDMA) block in which they are transmitted only over the quadrature branch once DME interfering signal is detected. In this work, the closed form expression for the probability of DME detection, false alarm, and the detection error rate are derived. Simulation is performed, and the results show that the proposed technique provides improvement in the probability of DME detection and the detection error rate compared to the previous work. Also, simulation results shows that the proposed technique provides lower bit error rate and less complexity compared to the previous work.
The role of rapid on site evaluation on touch imprint cytology and brushing during conventional bronchoscopy
Authors: Botticella Maria Antonietta , De Summa Simona , Cisternino Luigi , Tommasi Stefania , Pastena Maria Irene , Schirosi Laura , Mangia Anita , Mele Fabio , Lozupone Antonietta , Scattone Anna , Siciliano Michele , Sozio Rosa , Zito Francesco Alfredo 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe increase in immunohistochemical and molecular predictive tests in lung cancer requires new strategies for managing small samples taken during bronchoscopic procedures. The value of Rapid On Site Evaluation (ROSE) during conventional bronchoscopic procedures on endobronchial neoplasms in optimizing small biopsies and cytologlogical tissue specimens for diagnostic testing, and ancillary studies was evaluated.MethodROSE on touch imprint cytology (TIC) and brushing was performed on 690 consecutive cases of patients undergoing biopsies, using fiber optic bronchoscopy. Immunohistochemical assay for PD‐L1, ALK, and ROS1 and molecular testing, via next generation technique for EGFR, KRAS, and BRAF, were performed.ResultsThe concordance between ROSE and final diagnoses was almost perfect for brushing (sensitivity: 0.84; specificity: 0.96), and less so for touch preparations (sensitivity: 0.77; specificity: 0.89). Immunohistochemical assay for PD‐L1 was evaluated on 256 bioptic cases with only six unsuitable samples. Material available for immunohistochemistry for ALK was sufficient in 151 biopsies with no inadequate cases. ROS1 was evaluated in 132 biopsies, with only two unsuitable samples. Molecular analysis was performed on 128 biopsies, 29 TIC, and 17 brushing. Out of these, only ten were considered to be unsuitable.ConclusionsROSE is an effective procedure for monitoring the quality and quantity of material taken during conventional bronchoscopic procedures for evaluating the suitability of small samples that must undergo immunohistochemical and molecular assay.
Performance Improvement of Acid Pretreated 3D‐printing Composite for the Heavy Metal Ions Analysis
Authors: Shin Jae‐Hong , Seo Kyeong‐Deok , Park Hyun , Park Deog‐Su 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe performance enhancement of 3D‐printed electrode comprised of polylactic acid (PLA) and graphite (Gr) doped with graphene oxide (GO) was studied to detect five heavy metal ions in trace level. The pretreatment of PLA/Gr/GO electrode with potential cycling in H2SO4 solution achieved the most sensitive response. The characteristics of the composite electrodes were verified using XPS, FE‐SEM, EDXS, Raman, and impedance spectroscopy. The experimental variables affecting the response current were optimized with respect to pH, deposition time, ratio of PLA/Gr/GO, and supporting electrolytes. The pretreated 3D‐PLA/Gr/GO electrode showed a wide dynamic range from 0.5 ppb to 1.0 ppm with low detection limits of 0.039–0.13 ppb. The reliability of the PLA/Gr/GO electrode was evaluated by analyzing the reference samples of European Reference Materials.
Effects of Metformin on the virus/host cell crosstalk in human papillomavirus‐positive cancer cells
Authors: Hoppe‐Seyler Karin , Herrmann Anja L. , Däschle Antonia , Kuhn Bianca J. , Strobel Tobias D. , Lohrey Claudia , Bulkescher Julia , Krijgsveld Jeroen , Hoppe‐Seyler Felix 
Published: April 2021

AbstractOncogenic types of human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are major human carcinogens. The viral E6/E7 oncogenes maintain the malignant growth of HPV‐positive cancer cells. Targeted E6/E7 inhibition results in efficient induction of cellular senescence, which could be exploited for therapeutic purposes. Here we show that viral E6/E7 expression is strongly downregulated by Metformin in HPV‐positive cervical cancer and head and neck cancer cells, both at the transcript and protein level. Metformin‐induced E6/E7 repression is glucose and PI3K‐dependent but—other than E6/E7 repression under hypoxia—AKT‐independent. Proteome analyses reveal that Metformin‐induced HPV oncogene repression is linked to the downregulation of cellular factors associated with E6/E7 expression in HPV‐positive cancer biopsies. Notably, despite efficient E6/E7 repression, Metformin induces only a reversible proliferative stop in HPV‐positive cancer cells and enables them to evade senescence. Metformin also efficiently blocks senescence induction in HPV‐positive cancer cells in response to targeted E6/E7 inhibition by RNA interference. Moreover, Metformin treatment enables HPV‐positive cancer cells to escape from chemotherapy‐induced senescence. These findings uncover profound effects of Metformin on the virus/host cell interactions and the phenotype of HPV‐positive cancer cells with implications for therapy‐induced senescence, for attempts to repurpose Metformin as an anticancer agent and for the development of E6/E7‐inhibitory therapeutic strategies.
Systemic toxicities of trastuzumab‐emtansine predict tumor response in HER2+ metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Tang Shou‐Ching , Capra Carter L. , Ajebo Germame H. , Meza‐Junco Judith , Mairs Simon , Craft Barbara S. , Zhu Xiaofu , Maihle Nita , Hillegass William B. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe mechanism by which trastuzumab‐emtansine (T‐DM1) causes systemic toxicities apart from trastuzumab alone is currently unknown. We hypothesized that the systemic toxicities from T‐DM1 may have been caused by the free and active maytansine released from the lysed HER2+ tumor cells, and if so, they may correlate with the response to treatment and eventually disease‐free survival or patient outcome. In a retrospective, observational study, we evaluated 73 patients from three centers in the United States and Canada with advanced HER2+ breast cancer that received at least one dose of T‐DM1. Toxicity grades were summed to create a corresponding toxicity sum score (TSS), and its association with clinical outcomes was analyzed. A higher TSS was significantly associated with longer progression‐free survival with an HR = 0.66 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.47‐0.92], P = .014, for each 1‐point increase in the TSS score. Adjusted for baseline platelet count, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase, higher TSS remains significantly associated with longer progression‐free survival with adjusted HR = 0.67 [95% CI: 0.47‐0.93], P = .020. The analysis suggests that the systemic toxicities of T‐DM1 were significantly correlated with its clinical efficacy. This is the first report to correlate the systemic toxicities of T‐DM1 with clinical outcome. Further, this suggests that systemic toxicities of antibody‐drug conjugates (ADCs) may serve as a predictive biomarker, particularly if noncleavable linkers are used. If confirmed in larger prospective studies, the present finding is significant because most ADCs do not have a biomarker predictive of clinical outcome other than the presence or absence of the antibody target.
The Manchester‐Fothergill technique: Browsing in the cutting‐edge art gallery
Authors: Marquini Gisele V. , de Jarmy di Bella Zsuzsanna I.K. , Sartori Marair G.F. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundNo consensus regarding the surgical strategy for repairs of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) has existed since the writings of Hippocrates. Archibald Donald of Manchester, in 1888, quite independently began to treat cases of prolapsus uteri with a combined operation of anterior and posterior colporrhaphy and amputation of the cervix.ObjectiveTo describe the surgical technique of Manchester‐Fothergill and to chart its history.Search strategyA bibliographic search was performed of the PubMed and National Library of Medicine (NIH) databases.Selection criteriaThe terms “Manchester‐Fothergill” AND “History” AND “Pelvic Organ Prolapse” were searched from the first publication on this topic (1951) to December 2020.Data collection and analysisData were extracted from studies independently by two authors. All types of relevant abstracts were selected and analyzed due to the scarcity of studies (books and documents, clinical trials, meta‐analysis, randomized controlled trial, review and systematic review).Main resultsAlthough this is a well‐described procedure in historic texts, the practical application is not often employed, and modern surgical texts rarely describe how to perform this surgery. The advantages of the Manchester‐Fothergill technique include maintenance of the pelvic anatomy, integrity, a reduction of intraoperative blood loss, and shortened operation times and hospital stays.ConclusionMany young gynecologists are not familiar with this operation; therefore, it is important to provide training and exposure to the Manchester‐Fothergill technique in the practice of gynecological surgery.
Evaluating bowel movements, self‐initiations, and problem behavior with the emergence of urinary continence
Authors: Perez Brandon C. , Morris Samuel L. , Bacotti Janelle K. , Vollmer Timothy R. 
Published: April 2021

Much of the research evaluating toilet training interventions for children with ASD has focused on urinations as the primary dependent variable. As a result, the effects that toilet training interventions targeting urinations may have on other related dependent variables remains unclear. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data obtained by Perez et al. (2020), who evaluated the effects of a treatment package on urinary continence in children with ASD. We examined the relation between the emergence of urinary continence and multiple nontargeted dependent variables: bowel movements, self‐initiation correspondence, percentage of appropriate urinations that were self‐initiated, self‐initiation rate, and problem behavior. Results showed that improvements in urinary continence were strongly correlated with improvements in all nontargeted dependent variables. Implications for future research and clinical practice are discussed.