bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of captopril on post-infarction remodelling visualized by light sheet microscopy and echocardiography
Authors: Roostalu Urmas , Thisted Louise , Skytte Jacob Lercke , Salinas Casper Gravesen , Pedersen Philip Juhl , Hecksher-Sørensen Jacob , Rolin Bidda , Hansen Henrik H. , MacKrell James G. , Christie Robert M. , Vrang Niels , Jelsing Jacob , Zois Nora Elisabeth 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAngiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, among them captopril, improve survival following myocardial infarction (MI). The mechanisms of captopril action remain inadequately understood due to its diverse effects on multiple signalling pathways at different time periods following MI. Here we aimed to establish the role of captopril in late-stage post-MI remodelling. Left anterior descending artery (LAD) ligation or sham surgery was carried out in male C57BL/6J mice. Seven days post-surgery LAD ligated mice were allocated to daily vehicle or captopril treatment continued over four weeks. To provide comprehensive characterization of the changes in mouse heart following MI a 3D light sheet imaging method was established together with automated image analysis workflow. The combination of echocardiography and light sheet imaging enabled to assess cardiac function and the underlying morphological changes. We show that delayed captopril treatment does not affect infarct size but prevents left ventricle dilation and hypertrophy, resulting in improved ejection fraction. Quantification of lectin perfused blood vessels showed improved vascular density in the infarct border zone in captopril treated mice in comparison to vehicle dosed control mice. These results validate the applicability of combined echocardiographic and light sheet assessment of drug mode of action in preclinical cardiovascular research.
Broadband wide-angle terahertz antenna based on the application of transformation optics to a Luneburg lens
Authors: Amarasinghe Yasith , Mendis Rajind , Shrestha Rabi , Guerboukha Hichem , Taiber Jochen , Koch Martin , Mittleman Daniel M. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe design of antennas for terahertz systems remains a significant challenge. These antennas must provide very high gain to overcome significant free-space path loss, which limits their ability to broadcast or receive a beam over a wide angular range. To circumvent this limitation, here we describe a new device concept, based on the application of quasi-conformal transformation optics to the traditional Luneburg lens. This device offers the possibility for wide-angle beam steering and beam reception over a broad bandwidth, scalable to any frequency band in the THz range.
A one-pot fluorogenic cascade cyclization reaction via BF3-sensing
Authors: Mandal Moumi , Mahapatra Ajit Kumar , Kar Arik 
Published: March 2021

A new class of fluorescent probe has been designed to selectively senses toxic BF3. The incredible boost in the fluorescence intensity together with an exceptionally low detection limit utilize it function as a gas phase BF3 sensor in a portable form.
Novel synthesis of fused spiro piperidone-cyclopropanes from cyclopropyl amides and electron-deficient alkenes
Authors: Han Xiao-Dan , Peng Gao-Liang , Wang Hui-Bin , Wu Lei , Fu Jian-ping , Tang Zhong-Sheng , Hu Ju-Wu , Xiong Wei 
Published: March 2021

A novel tactic for the atom economical synthesis of bridged O,O-ketal fused spiro pyridone-cyclopropane derivatives 3 with excellent yields and good diastereoselectivity derived from 1-acylcyclopropanecarboxamides 1 and acrolein has been developed.
The relationship among Girdin DNA methylation, its high expression, and immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma: Clues from in silico analysis
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Ke Yang , Lei Xuefen , Liu Xin , Li Hai , Shi Runjiao , Wang Lin 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship among Girdin DNA methylation, its high expression, and immune infiltration in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Materials and methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases were used to compare Girdin mRNA expression between HCC tissues and normal tissues, and determine the relationship between Girdin expression and HCC prognosis. TCGA database was also used to analyze the expression of Girdin and its methylation status, as well as the relationship between Girdin DNA methylation and HCC prognosis. The Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database was used to explore the correlation between Girdin expression and HCC immune infiltration.
Results: Girdin expression was elevated in HCC tissues compared with that in normal tissues. The degree of methylation at cg03188526, a CpG site in the Girdin gene body, was positively correlated with Girdin mRNA expression, while high Girdin expression and cg03188526 hypermethylation were both correlated with poor HCC prognosis. Additionally, HCC tissue with high Girdin expression exhibited abundant immune infiltration, and the high Girdin expression was associated with a worse prognosis in macrophage-enriched HCC specimens.
Conclusion: Our findings indicated that Girdin likely functions as an oncogene in HCC and that hypermethylation at cg03188526 in the Girdin gene body may explain the high Girdin expression levels in HCC tissue. Furthermore, we report for the first time that the adverse effects of high Girdin expression in HCC patients may be partially mediated by tumor macrophage infiltration.
Study on the detection method of holes in composite insulator rods
Authors: Zhang Sida , Cheng Li , Liu Yunfan , Liao Ruijin , Wang Tingting , Huang Huan 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe holes in composite insulator rods are a type of quality defects. However, not all holes can be identified by the dye penetration test according to existing standards and some holes can cause abnormal heating of the composite insulator during operation. Micro‐computed tomography is used to study the structure of these holes. Based on the pore structure, the holes are classified as dependent or independent. The dependent hole is formed by several interconnected adjacent pores and the overlong equivalent penetration path makes it cannot be effectively identified by the standard dye penetration test. Considering the structure of the dependent hole, ethanol gas was used to increase the effectiveness of the dye penetration test. The experimental results show that the detection rate of dependent holes is approximately 80% as the ethanol concentration is close to saturation, and the porosity can be inferred based on the number of penetration points.
Optimized deep learning model for mango grading: Hybridizing lion plus firefly algorithm
Authors: Tripathi Mukesh Kumar , Maktedar Dhananjay D. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis paper intends to present an automated mango grading system under four stages (1) pre‐processing, (2) feature extraction, (3) optimal feature selection and (4) classification. Initially, the input image is subjected to the pre‐processing phase, where the reading, sizing, noise removal and segmentation process happens. Subsequently, the features are extracted from the pre‐processed image. To make the system more effective, from the extracted features, the optimal features are selected using a new hybrid optimization algorithm termed the lion assisted firefly algorithm (LA‐FF), which is the combination of LA and FF, respectively. Then, the optimal features are given for the classification process, where the optimized deep convolutional neural network (CNN) is deployed. As a major contribution, the configuration of CNN is fine‐tuned via selecting the optimal count of convolutional layers. This obviously enhances the classification accuracy in grading system. For fine‐tuning the convolutional layers in the deep CNN, the LA‐FF algorithm is used so that the classifier is optimized. The grading is evaluated on the basis of healthydiseased, ripeunripe and bigmediumvery big cases with respect to type I and type II measures and the performance of the proposed grading model is compared over the other state‐of‐the‐art models.
Core asymmetry influence on transmission line parameters of three‐core power cables
Authors: Li Yan , Wouters Peter A. A. F. , Wagenaars Paul , Liu Yunpeng , Zhao Tao , Song Zhuoran 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTime‐domain reflectometry applied for power cable diagnostics employs transmission line parameters to determine signal shape and delay. This paper proposes to utilize pulse reflection measurement to evaluate the symmetry of a three‐core power cable as part of production quality assessment. For a rotation‐symmetric three‐core power cable, transmission line parameters can be obtained analytically, and with modal analysis propagation channels can be decoupled. Asymmetry caused by inaccurate core positioning complicates the decoupling process. This paper utilizes the “field‐circuit” approach for the analysis. The finite element method is used to obtain the electromagnetic field distribution for two types of asymmetry introduced in a cable design. Modal analysis results are validated by considering asymmetry as a perturbation of the symmetric cable design. The influence of asymmetry on the time‐domain pulse response is simulated. Deviation from a symmetric configuration is observable, in particular in terms of propagation velocity, which can be employed to assess cable manufacturing accuracy.
Time evolution of gaps in stellar streams in axisymmetric Stäckel potentials
Authors: Koppelman Helmer H. , Helmi Amina 
Published: March 2021

Context. When a subhalo interacts with a cold stellar stream, the otherwise nearly smooth distribution of stars is disturbed, and this creates a gap. The properties of these gaps depend on the interaction parameters. Their characterisation could thus lead to a determination of the mass spectrum of the perturbers and might reveal the existence of dark subhalos orbiting the Milky Way.
Aims. Our goal is to construct a fully analytical model of the formation and evolution of gaps embedded in streams orbiting in a realistic Milky Way potential.
Methods. To this end, we extended our previous model for spherical potentials and predict the properties of gaps in streams evolving in axisymmetric Stäckel potentials. We used action-angles and their simple behaviour to calculate the divergence of initially nearby orbits that are slightly perturbed by the interaction with a subhalo.
Results. Our model, corroborated by N-body experiments, predicts that the size of a gap grows linearly with time. We obtain analytical expressions for the dependences of the growth rate on the orbit of the stream, the properties of the subhalo (mass and scale radius), and the geometry of the encounter (relative velocity and impact parameter). We find that the density at the centre of the gap decreases with time as a power law in the same way as the density of a stream. This causes the density contrast between a pristine and a perturbed stream on the same orbit to asymptotically reach a constant value that only depends on the encounter parameters.
Conclusions. We find that at a fixed age, smallish gaps are sensitive mostly to the mass of the subhalo, while gaps formed by subhalo flybys with a low relative velocity, or when the stream and subhalo move in parallel, are degenerate to the encounter parameters.
Electronic Media and Early Childhood: A Review
Authors: Paulus Frank W. , Möhler Eva , Recktenwald Franziska , Albert Amélie , Mall Volker 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background This review summarizes the state of knowledge of use of new media on the development in early childhood in 6 sections: descriptive utilization data, psychosocial and emotional development, cognition and language, motor development, nutrition and sleep, and influence of parental media consumption.
Methods The review is based on a literature search of this topic in peer-reviewed journals. We included 87 articles, books, and book chapters. The used literature data bases were ERIC, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO and PSYNDEX.
Results Manifold studies describe in young children’s utilization data the pervasive nature of digital exposure and impressive usage times and availability. They confirm adverse influences of electronic media use (television, video games) on children’s emotional and behavioral problems and well-being, e. g. on physical activity, sleep and obesity. In general a positive effect in sense of knowledge transfer of age could be found for high quality educational media, however predominantly the impact of media use at younger age was negative.
Conclusions High frequent media use in early childhood is likely to have a negative impact on psychosocial development, positive effects such as knowledge transfer may be seen beyond the age of 18 months. As parental media use is a strong predictor of child media habits, reducing parental media use and enhancing parent–child interactions might be important areas to address when trying to change the media behavior of young children. In view of the scarcity of studies for early childhood, it is advisable to use digital play and communication devices cautiously and restrictively in this vulnerable development phase.
Methylene Chloride Burns: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Chauhan Neha , Prasad R. Shankar 
Published: March 2021

AbstractChemical burns account for a small percentage of burns but contribute to significant number of burn-related mortalities. The major challenge posed by chemical burns is difficulty in correct depth estimation, as the damage continues to progress until they are effectively neutralized. Besides the most common etiology of chemical burns by alkalis and acids, there are many other unique causes of chemical burns. The author describes a case of chemical burns by heavy duty paint remover, the main composition of which is methylene chloride. Although several studies about methylene chloride poisoning are available in literature, only one case report of burns due to methylene chloride exists in literature. These burns are unique in their presentation. The author describes the presentation and challenges in management of this burn.
Clinical trial registration Not applicable.
A narrow ear canal reduces sound velocity to create additional acoustic inputs in a microscale insect ear
Authors: Veitch Daniel , Celiker Emine , Aldridge Sarah , Pulver Christian , Soulsbury Carl D. , Jonsson Thorin , Woodrow Charlie , Montealegre-Z Fernando 
Published: March 2021

Significance
The katydid tympanal ears have outer, middle, and inner ear components analogous to mammalian ears. Unlike mammals, each ear has two tympana exposed to sound both externally and internally, with a delayed internal version arriving via the gas-filled ear canal (EC). The two combined inputs in each ear play a significant role in directional hearing. Here, we demonstrate that the major factor causing the internal delay is the EC geometry. The EC bifurcates asymmetrically, producing two additional internal paths that impose different sound velocities for each tympanum. Therefore, various versions of the same signal reach the ears at various times, increasing the chance to pinpoint the sound source. Findings could inspire algorithms for accurate acoustic triangulation in detection sensors.
Non–line-of-sight imaging over 1.43 km
Authors: Wu Cheng , Liu Jianjiang , Huang Xin , Li Zheng-Ping , Yu Chao , Ye Jun-Tian , Zhang Jun , Zhang Qiang , Dou Xiankang , Goyal Vivek K. , Xu Feihu , Pan Jian-Wei 
Published: March 2021

Significance
Non–line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging can recover details of a hidden scene from the indirect light that has scattered multiple times. Despite recent advances, NLOS imaging has remained at short-range verifications. Here, both experimental and conceptual innovations yield hardware and software solutions to increase NLOS imaging from meter to kilometer range. This range is about three orders of magnitude longer than previous experiments. The results will open avenues for the development of NLOS imaging techniques and relevant applications to real-world conditions.
The impact of visible lip movements on silent pauses in simultaneous interpreting
Authors: Gieshoff Anne Catherine 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Simultaneous interpreting requires interpreters to listen to a source text while producing the target text in a
second language. In addition, the interpreter needs to process various types of visual input, which may further increase the
already high cognitive load. A study with 14 students of interpreting was conducted to investigate the impact of a speaker’s
visible lip movements on cognitive load in simultaneous interpreting by analysing the duration of silent pauses in the target
texts. Background noise masking the source speech was introduced as a control condition for cognitive load. Silent pause durations
were shorter when interpreters saw the speaker’s lip movements, which indicates that interpreters benefitted from visual input.
Furthermore, silent pause durations were longer with noise, which suggests that comparative silent pause durations can indicate
changes in cognitive load.
Reducing 4DCBCT scan time and dose through motion compensated acquisition and reconstruction
Authors: Lau Benjamin K F , Reynolds Tess , Wallis Andrew , Smith Sandie , George Armia , Keall Paul J , Sonke Jan-Jakob , Vinod Shalini K , Dillon Owen , O’Brien Ricky T 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Conventional 4DCBCT captures 1320 projections across 4 min. Adaptive 4DCBCT has been developed to reduce imaging dose and scan time. This study investigated reconstruction algorithms that best complement adaptive 4DCBCT acquisition for reducing imaging dose and scan time whilst maintaining or improving image quality compared to conventional 4DCBCT acquisition using real patient data from the first 10 adaptive 4DCBCT patients. Adaptive 4DCBCT was implemented in the ADaptive CT Acquisition for Personalized Thoracic imaging clinical trial. Adaptive 4DCBCT modulates gantry rotation speed and kV acquisition rate in response to the patient’s real-time respiratory signal, ensuring even angular spacing between projections at each respiratory phase. We examined the first 10 lung cancer radiotherapy patients that received adaptive 4DCBCT. Fast, 200-projection scans over 60–80 s, and slower, 600-projection scans over ∼240 s, were obtained after routine patient treatment and compared against conventional 4DCBCT acquisition. Adaptive 4DCBCT acquisitions were reconstructed using Feldkamp−Davis−Kress (FDK), McKinnon–Bates (MKB), Motion Compensated FDK (MCFDK) and Motion Compensated MKB (MCMKB) algorithms. Reconstructions were assessed via, Structural SIMilarity (SSIM), Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNR), Contrast-to-Noise-Ratio (CNR), Tissue Interface Sharpness of Diaphragm (TIS-D) and Tumor (TIS-T). The 200- and 600-projection adaptive 4DCBCT acquisition corresponded to 85% and 55% reduction in imaging dose, shorter and similar scan times of approximately 90 s and 236 s respectively, compared to conventional 4DCBCT acquisition. 200- and 600-projection adaptive 4DCBCT reconstructions achieved more than 0.900 SSIM relative to conventional 4DCBCT acquisition. Compared to conventional 4DCBCT acquisition, 200-projection adaptive 4DCBCT reconstructions achieved higher SNR, CNR, TIS-T, TIS-D with motion compensated algorithms, MCFDK (208%, 159%, 174%, 247%) and MCMKB (214%, 173%, 266%, 245%) respectively. The 200-projection adaptive 4DCBCT MCFDK- and MCMKB-reconstruction results show image quality improvements are possible even with 85% fewer projections acquired. We established acquisition-reconstruction protocols that provide substantial reductions in imaging time and dose whilst improving image quality.
Thermal drift and force convection analysis of nanofluid due to partially heated triangular fins in a porous circular enclosure
Authors: Haq Rizwan Ul , Shah Syed Saqib , Algehyne Ebrahem A 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The main emphasis of this article is to analyze the simultaneous effects of thermal drift and force convection on water based single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in a porous circular duct. Equilateral triangular fins which are enclosed in a circular cavity having vertical and horizontal side of triangular fins are moving. Internal heat generation/absorption is considered to determine the thermal drift. Impact of inclined Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) has been introduced. The governed equations are solved through weighted residue method of Finite Element Method (FEM). Effect of various parameters, that is: Reynolds number, nanoparticles, porous medium and absorption/generation on flow patterns and heat transfer were worked out. The heat transfer rate at different heated fins has been investigated for various parameters. This study carries out significant impact of Q on temperature profile and Local Nusselt. Local Nusselt number against heated walls decreases with increase of porosity parameter and increases in case of heat generation. Streamlines decreases with increase of quantity of solid volume fraction in enclosure. Significant effect of Re observed in transformation of heat in circular duct.
Structural, electronic and optical properties of bulk and monolayer iron diselenide: A density functional study
Authors: Beiranvand Razieh , Mehrabi Vahid 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Using the density functional theory (DFT), we study the electronic structure and linear optical properties of pyrite and monolayer structure of FeSe2. Calculated results show that pyrite FeSe2 is a non-magnetic semiconductor material, while hexagonal monolayer FeSe2 show completely metallic features. There have strong hybridizations between Fe-d orbitals and Se-p orbitals. All optical properties such as real and imaginary parts of dielectric function, absorption coefficient, reflectivity and loss function are obtained and analyzed. The results present obvious anisotropy in optical features of monolayer FeSe2 and excellent absorption properties in ultraviolet and visible light regions. Results show that the anti-ferromagnetic character in pyrite FeSe2 turn into ferromagnetic character for hexagonal monolayer and the main transitions near the Fermi level mainly contributed by down-spin carriers. From the density of states, we found thet the Fe-d orbitals play an important role in the interband and intraband transitions. These results made monolayer FeSe2 an ideal candidate for photovoltaic, opto-electric and spintronic applications.
Stochastic bifurcation for two-time-scale dynamical system with α-stable Lévy noise
Authors: Yuan Shenglan , Zeng Zhigang , Duan Jinqiao 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
This work focuses on stochastic bifurcation for a slow–fast dynamical system driven by non-Gaussian α-stable Lévy noise. We prove the main result for the stochastic equilibrium states for the original system and the reduced system based on the random slow manifold. Then, it is verified that the slow reduced system bears the stochastic bifurcation phenomenon inherited from the original system. Furthermore, we investigate the number and stability type of stochastic equilibrium states for dynamical systems through numerical simulations, and it is illustrated that the slow reduced system captures the stochastic bifurcation of the original system.
A generating function approach to Markov chains undergoing binomial catastrophes
Authors: Goncalves B , Huillet T 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In a Markov chain population model subject to catastrophes, random immigration events (birth), promoting growth, are in balance with the effect of binomial catastrophes that cause recurrent mass removal (death). Using a generating function approach, we study two versions of such population models when the binomial catastrophic events are of a slightly different random nature. In both cases, we describe the subtle balance between the two birth and death conflicting effects.