bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeted therapy for cystic fibrosis
Authors: Kutsev S. I. , Izhevskaya V. L. , Kondratyeva E. I. 
Published: April 2021

The basic therapy of cystic fibrosis is currently aimed at slowing down the pathological processes associated with a decrease in the CFTR protein activity (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) in the gastrointestinal tract and the respiratory system. The pancreatic insufficiency is well compensated by replacement therapy with microsphere enzyme preparations and a high-calorie diet rich in proteins and fat. Chronic treatment of cystic fibrosis-related lung disease aims to improve the clearance of the bronchial tree, suppressing chronic bacterial infection and local chronic inflammation. However, no therapy was available to correct the defect in the gene or its product until 2012.The aim was to analyze literature on CFTR modulators, including their efficacy and safety, and assess the potential for developing new modulators to treat cystic fibrosis.Materials. The review included literature data (45 publications) on the use of CFTR modulators and international websites’ data.Results. Since the discovery of the CFTR gene in 1989, more than 2000 mutations or variants of the CFTR gene (hereinafter referred to as genetic variants) have been described. They interfere with the synthesis of the CFTR protein, its transport to the apical membrane of the cell, or disrupt its function as a channel for chloride anions. Although it is currently not possible to completely replace the mutant gene with a normal copy, small molecules have been identified that can modify the mutant CFTR protein and amend its function. The potential therapeutic measures are determined by class of the mutation. In clinical practice, pharmacological modeling of ion transport is currently possible only with the use of CFTR modulators: correctors and potentiators. The review defines these groups of drugs and describes 4 licensed CFTR modulators, including molecules of ivacaftor, lumacaftor, tezacaftor, elexacaftor. The data on the promising emerging next generation modulators and the prospects for the personalized selection of drugs using the assays on intestinal organoids are presented.
The Clinical Characteristics of Early Cases with 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease in Tabriz, Iran
Authors: Asghari Elnaz , Rahmani Farnaz , Hosseinzadeh Mina , Mahdavi Nader , Praskova Anna , Targhaq Shaqayeq , Khajehgoodari Mohammad 
Published: April 2021

Background and Purpose: COVID-19 is a new infectious-disease first identified in December 2019 in China, and since it spread globally, it resulted in a Pandemic. Much research is needed to understand the disease, and especially its clinical characteristics. The aim of present study was to explore the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19 in Tabriz, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This was a case series single center study that focused retrospectively on the clinical characteristics of 140 early consecutive cases with confirmed COVID-19, who were hospitalized at one of the referral hospitals for COVID-19 patients of Tabriz, from March 20 to May 3, 2020. We used patients’ records to obtain the data, which were analyzed by SPSS Version 16 using descriptive and analytic statistics (Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney’s, and Chi-square test).
Results: Findings showed that 34 out of 140 patients deceased. The highest percentage of patients were in the age range of 65 years and over. The most common symptom on admission was dry-cough (67.9%), followed by shortness of breath (55.7%), and fever (51.5%). During hospitalization, 27.1% showed an increase in white-blood-cell count. Only 20% were ventilated and others received oxygen by cannula, and/or mask. Recovered patients reported significant lower rates of pre-existing comorbid conditions than patients who died (p= .02).
Conclusion: This single center study with a relatively small sample size showed that the most common symptom on admission among patients with COVID-19 was dry-cough, shortness of breath, and fever. The finding is mostly in accordance with the current evidence seen around the World.
Designing a model of marketing strategies in Hafez Atieh Sazan Insurance Company
Authors: Valimi Fariba , Fatahi Majid , Ranjbar Mansour 
Published: April 2021

Background and Aim: In order to survive in the competitive market of various products and services, the use of marketing strategies is inevitable so that the success or failure of companies depends on it. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of presenting a model of insurance marketing strategies for Hafez Atieh Sazan Insurance Company.
Materials and Methods: This research was conducted qualitatively using the grounded theory method. Participants were selected by purposive sampling method and after 11 semi-structured interviews, theoretical saturation was obtained and the gathered data were analyzed by Strauss and Corbin approach with Atlas.ti Software.
Results: As a result of data analysis, 1340 codes derived from open coding, 57 concepts and 13 categories were classified into six dimensions. "Strategic management" was identified as causal conditions, categories of "public relations", "personal selling", "direct marketing", "electronic marketing", "advertising", "technology tools", and "management tools" as strategic conditions "strategic marketing" as an axial phenomenon, "investment management" as context condition, "corporate social responsibility" and "market orientation" as intermediary/ intervening conditions, and "performance" was identified as outcome.
Conclusion: According to the identified concepts and categories related to the marketing strategies, it was suggested that Hafez Atieh Sazan Insurance Company must improve and expand the marketing strategies by providing the model conditions presented in this study.
Comorbidities in Patients with Chronic Urticaria; Clinical and Epidemiological Review Study
Authors: Ghaffari Javad , Dabbaghzadeh Abbas , Ghaffari Negar 
Published: April 2021

Background and purpose: Urticaria is a pruritic cutaneous disease characterized by weal and flare. Acute and chronic urticaria affects the quality of life. Some abnormalities are associate or comorbid with urticaria. The purpose of this study was to examine comorbid conditions in patients with urticaria.
Materials and Methods: We searched in many databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. Keywords were comorbid and urticarial. All full articles and the English language were included. We evaluated 500 articles that reported association or relation as comorbidity between urticarial and disorders in primary screening to be 250, 100, 80, and 70 articles in Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase, respectively.
Results: Prevalence of psychiatric problem (according to SCID-1) was 60% in chronic idiopathic urticaria. Thyroid autoantibodies (anti-thyroglobulin and anti-peroxidase) were found to be positive about 5 to 15% of CU. Food allergy, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and asthma were significantly higher in CSU. Eradication of H.pylori infection was a tendency to more rapid improvement of chronic urticaria.
Conclusion: Psychiatric disturbances, such as depression or anxiety and autoimmune thyroid disorders, were documented to be more common in chronic urticaria which should be considered as comorbidity.
The Effect of Prehabilitation on the Self-Reported Outcomes of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yalfani Ali , Ebrahimi Atri Ahmad , Taghizadeh Kerman Maedeh 
Published: April 2021

Background and Purpose: Quadriceps weakness and disruption of proprioceptive function are common after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and consequently the surgery. Postoperative self-reported outcomes are affected by the preoperative defect. The purpose of this review study was to examine whether preoperative exercises can affect self-reported outcomes.
Methods: The study started searching for papers from the PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Sciences databases and extracted the entered studies from 1990 to 2020. Moreover, the terms “ACL preoperative exercise” or “prehabilitation ACL” and “self-reported outcomes” or “postoperative outcomes” were used in the search titles, where 906 papers were finally found. Then, according to the main topic of the present study, and the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 papers met the inclusion criteria of the review. The methodological quality of the studies was also assessed through the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP).
Results: The presentation of several preoperative intervention programs (traditional, strength, and neuromuscular training) significantly enhanced self-reported knee function in men and women after surgery in the short and long-term. The mean PEDro score for seven randomized controlled trial studies was found to be 6.3, which showed the moderate quality of the methodology. Moreover, the score for three cohort studies using the CASP scale was 7 out of 12.
Conclusion: Preoperative rehabilitation consisting of progressive strengthening and neuromuscular training, followed by a criterion-based postoperative rehabilitation program, had greater functional outcomes after Anterior Cruciate ligament reconstruction. Preoperative rehabilitation should be considered as an addition to the standard of care to maximize functional outcomes after ACLR.
Determination of perceived language barriers according to Syrian refugees visiting two hospitals in Ankara
Authors: ABOHALAKA Reshed , TEKELİ YEŞİL Sıdıka 
Published: April 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine perceived language barriers in accessing healthcare services according to Syrian refugees and the methods they used to cope with this problem. Methods: The study was a descriptive study. A survey was carried out among Syrian adults visiting two hospitals in Ankara. Results: Of the 221 participants, 11.1% stated that they speak Turkish, 48.5% of them used hospital interpreters while 20.6%, 17.6% and 13.2% of them did not get any help, used ad hoc interpreters and used a private interpreter respectively. Employment status and having social relationships with locals had statistically significant relationships with learning the Turkish language. The language barrier was more common, among participants, who were married, unemployed, illiterate, had no Turkish-speaking relatives or had diseases. Gender, economic status, having Turkish-speaking relatives and having diseases were variables showing association with the method they used to cope with the language barrier. Conclusion: More disadvantaged refugees in terms of socio-economic factors should be prioritized in policies and projects aiming to reduce language barrier in accessing health services. Additionally, supporting refugees regarding employment and social relationships with locals would contribute to eliminate language barrier in accessing healthcare services.
Особенности импульсного перемагничивания несферической наночастицы с кубической анизотропией
Authors: Шутый А.М. , Семенцов Д.И. 
Published: April 2021

Для наночастицы эллипсоидальной формы с кубической магнитной анизотропией выявлены условия установления различных равновесных состояний после действия коротким гауссовым импульсом магнитного поля. Переход к каждому из этих состояний может быть реализован за счет изменения параметров импульса. Выявлено существенное влияние на процессы перемагничивания отклонения формы частицы от сферической. Ключевые слова: импульсное перемагничивание, прецессионная динамика, кубическая анизотропия, эллипсоидальная магнитная наночастица, динамическая бистабильность.
Comparative Analysis of Single and Combined Antipyretics Using Patient-Generated Health Data: Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Park Yu Rang , Kim Hyery , Park Ji Ae , Ahn Sang Hyun , Chang Seyun , Shin Jae Won , Kim Myeongchan , Lee Jae-Ho 
Published: April 2021

BackgroundFever is one of the most common symptoms in children and is the physiological response of the human immune system to external pathogens. However, effectiveness studies of single and combined antipyretic therapy are relatively few due to lack of data. In this study, we used large-scale patient-generated health data from mobile apps to compare antipyretic affects between single and combination antipyretics.ObjectiveWe aimed to establish combination patterns of antipyretics and compare antipyretic affects between single and combination antipyretics using large-scale patient-generated health data from mobile apps.MethodsThis study was conducted using medical records of feverish children from July 2015 to June 2017 using the Fever Coach mobile app. In total, 3,584,748 temperature records and 1,076,002 antipyretic records of 104,337 children were analyzed. Antipyretic efficacy was measured by the mean difference in the area under the temperature change curve from baseline for 6 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours, and 12 hours after antipyretic administration in children with a body temperature of ≥38.0 ℃ between single and combination groups.ResultsThe single antipyretic and combination groups comprised 152,017 and 54,842 cases, respectively. Acetaminophen was the most commonly used single agent (60,929/152,017, 40.08%), and acetaminophen plus dexibuprofen was the most common combination (28,065/54,842, 51.17%). We observed inappropriate use, including triple combination (1205/206,859, 0.58%) and use under 38 ℃ (11,361/206,859, 5.50%). Combination antipyretic use increased with temperature; 23.82% (33,379/140,160) of cases were given a combination treatment when 38 ℃ ≤ temperature < 39 ℃, while 41.40% (1517/3664) were given a combination treatment when 40 ℃ ≤ temperature. The absolute value of the area under the curve at each hour was significantly higher in the single group than in the combination group; this trend was consistently observed, regardless of the type of antipyretics. In particular, the delta fever during the first 6 hours between the two groups showed the highest difference. The combination showed the lowest delta fever among all cases.ConclusionsAntipyretics combination patterns were analyzed using large-scale data. Approximately 75% of febrile cases used single antipyretics, mostly acetaminophen, but combination usage became more frequent as temperature increased. However, combination antipyretics did not show definite advantages over single antipyretics in defervescence, regardless of the combination. Single antipyretics are effective in reducing fever and relieving discomfort in febrile children.
Feasibility of a Waistband-Type Wireless Wearable Electrocardiogram Monitoring System Based on a Textile Electrode: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Gwon Danbi , Cho Hakyung , Shin Hangsik 
Published: April 2021

Background
Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring in daily life is essential for effective management of cardiovascular disease, a leading cause of death. Wearable ECG measurement systems in the form of clothing have been proposed to replace Holter monitors used for clinical ECG monitoring; however, they have limitations in daily use because they compress the upper body and, in doing so, cause discomfort during wear.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to develop a wireless wearable ECG monitoring system that includes a textile ECG electrode that can be applied to the lining of pants and can be used in the same way that existing lower clothing is worn, without compression to the upper body.

Methods
A textile electrode with stretchable characteristics was fabricated by knitting a conductive yarn together with polyester-polyurethane fiber, which was then coated with silver compound; an ECG electrode was developed by placing it on an elastic band in a modified limb lead configuration. In addition, a system with analog-to-digital conversion, wireless communication, and a smartphone app was developed, allowing users to be able to check and store their own ECGs in real time. A signal processing algorithm was also developed to remove noise from the obtained signal and to calculate the heart rate. To evaluate the ECG and heart rate measurement performance of the developed module, a comparative evaluation with a commercial device was performed. ECGs were measured for 5 minutes each in standing, sitting, and lying positions; the mean absolute percentage errors of heart rates measured with both systems were then compared.

Results
The system was developed in the form of a belt buckle with a size of 53 × 45 × 12 mm (width × height × depth) and a weight of 23 g. In a qualitative evaluation, it was confirmed that the P-QRS-T waveform was clearly observed in ECGs obtained with the wearable system. From the results of the heart rate estimation, the developed system could track changes in heart rate as calculated by a commercial ECG measuring device; in addition, the mean absolute percentage errors of heart rates were 1.80%, 2.84%, and 2.48% in the standing, sitting, and lying positions, respectively.

Conclusions
The developed system was able to effectively measure ECG and calculate heart rate simply through being worn as existing clothing without upper body pressure. It is anticipated that general usability can be secured through further evaluation under more diverse conditions.
Innovative Virtual Role Play Simulations for Managing Substance Use Conversations: Pilot Study Results and Relevance During and After COVID-19
Authors: Albright Glenn , Khalid Nikita , Shockley Kristen , Robinson Kelsey , Hughes Kevin , Pace-Danley Bethany 
Published: April 2021

Background
Substance use places a substantial burden on our communities, both economically and socially. In light of COVID-19, it is predicted that as many as 75,000 more people will die from alcohol and other substance use and suicide as a result of isolation, new mental health concerns, and various other stressors related to the pandemic. Public awareness campaigns that aim to destigmatize substance use and help individuals have meaningful conversations with friends, coworkers, or family members to address substance use concerns are a timely and cost-effective means of augmenting existing behavioral health efforts related to substance use. These types of interventions can supplement the work being done by existing public health initiatives.

Objective
This pilot study examines the impact of the One Degree: Shift the Influence role play simulation, designed to teach family, friends, and coworkers to effectively manage problem-solving conversations with individuals that they are concerned about regarding substance use.

Methods
Participants recruited for this mixed methods study completed a presurvey, the simulation, and a postsurvey, and were sent a 6-week follow-up survey. The simulation involves practicing a role play conversation with a virtual human coded with emotions, a memory, and a personality. A virtual coach provides feedback in using evidence-based communication strategies such as motivational interviewing.

Results
A matched sample analysis of variance revealed significant increases at follow-up in composite attitudinal constructs of preparedness (P<.001) and self-efficacy (P=.01), including starting a conversation with someone regarding substance use, avoiding upsetting someone while bringing up concerns, focusing on observable facts, and problem solving. Qualitative data provided further evidence of the simulation’s positive impact on the ability to have meaningful conversations about substance use.

Conclusions
This study provides preliminary evidence that conversation-based simulations like One Degree: Shift the Influence that use role play practice can teach individuals to use evidence-based communication strategies and can cost-effectively reach geographically dispersed populations to support public health initiatives for primary prevention.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran E-Learning Dengan Model Pembelajaran Flipped Classroom Berbasis Edmodo Pada Mata Pelajaran Informatika
Authors: Rahman Dedi , Suyasa P Wayan Arta , Wahyuni Dessy Seri 
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study were (1) Produced a design and implemented the development of e-learning learning media with Edmodo-based Flipped Classroom model in Informatics subject of class VII in SMP Negeri 2 Mengwi, (2) Determined the subject teacher and students’ responses towards the development of e-learning learning media with Edmodo-based Flipped Classroom model in Informatics subject of class VII in SMP Negeri 2 Mengwi. The study was a Research and Development (R&D) research with ADDIE development model. This study involved students from VII A class and teacher of Informatics subject in SMP Negeri 2 Mengwi. The method of data collection was questionnaire. The result of the study showed that (1) The design and the implemented e-learning media were success implemented based on validity test from content experts, design experts, and learning media experts with Aiken's V coefficient average score 0,89 and very valid, (2) The teacher and students’ responses showed the average score were 40 for the teacher and 61,8 for the students, meaning that it was included in very positive category with very practical criteria.
GuideAR: Aplikasi Berbasis Augmented Reality dan Global Positioning System untuk Pengenalan Daya Tarik Wisata
Authors: Kusuma I Wayan Wegha Nanda , Putra I Gede Juliana Eka , Nirmala Bagus Putu Wahyu 
Published: April 2021

Abstrak—GuideAR adalah sebuah aplikasi pengenalan tempat wisata dengan menggunakan teknologi augmented reality, aplikasi ini dikembangkan dengan menggunakan metode Agile, yaitu sebuah metode pengembangan software yang memerlukan adaptasi cepat dan dapat mengalami perubahan secara berkala sehingga bisa dibilang metode ini berfokus terhadap kualitas produk yang dihasilkan daripada dokumentasi, negosiasi kontrak, dsb. Oleh karena itu, peneliti menggunakan metode ini agar aplikasi yang dibuat dapat disesuaikan dengan keinginan calon pengguna aplikasi. Dari hasil pengembangan aplikasi GuideAR menggunakan metode Agile ini didapatkan bahwa aplikasi yang dibuat perlu dilakukan beberapa iterasi agar hasil yang didapat lebih maksimal. Hasil pengujian aplikasi memberikan saran agar menambahkan lokasi-lokasi wisata yang lebih banyak ke depannya agar lebih banyak tempat wisata di daerah Tegallalang yang terekspos dan lebih dikenal.Kata Kunci­­—Aplikasi GuideAR; Realita Tambahan; Metode Agile; Kecamatan Tegallalang.
Evaluasi Tata Kelola TI Menggunakan Framework COBIT 5 Studi Kasus STMIK Primakara
Authors: Fradinata Marciano Risky , Putra I Gede Juliana Eka , Wijaya I Nyoman Yudi Anggara 
Published: April 2021

STMIK Primakara is a Technopreneurship campus who have a vision to produce IT Scholar with entrepreneurial mentality. However, to achieve that, STMIK Primakara need to manage the IT Government to support the academics and non-academics environment around the students until graduates are controlled by department of IT Development and Implementation (PPTI). The researcher will evaluates the capability level of IT Governance in STMIK Primakara and provide recommendations for the gap between the performance in domain process APO03, APO04, and BAI01 using quantitative and qualitative methods. Moreover, the researcher will use survey, interview, and document studies for the data required. The results of this research shows the average of capability level in domain process APO03, APO04, and BAI01 are partially achieved. Therefore, to fill the gap between STMIK Primakara current capability level and expected capability level, recommendation have been given by the researcher to create an improvement regarding to STMIK Primakara IT Governance.