bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sjögren’s syndrome in children: about 15 cases in Guinea Conakry
Authors: Condé Kaba , Guelngar Carlos Othon , Barry Mamadou Ciré , Atakla Hugues Ghislain , Mohamed Awada , Cissé Fodé Abass 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Objectives
Sjögren’s syndrome is rare in children and most often secondary. It frequently affects girls and is characterized by dry eye syndrome, mouth and sometimes systemic involvement. Its diagnosis is difficult to establish in children. We report a series of 15 cases of Sjögren’s syndrome in order to clarify the peculiarities of this condition in children.

Patients and methods
This retrospective study was carried out over a 2-year period focused on children under 16 years of age who had been followed for Sjögren’s syndrome in the rheumatology and pediatric departments. Patient data were collected and then analyzed by STATA/SE version 11.2 software. Anonymity and respect for ethical rules were the norm. There was no connection between the patients and the researchers.

Description of cases
The mean age of the patients was 11 years with extremes of 5–15 years. History reveals that a dry mouth was found in more than half of the cases, or in 10 (66.7%) patients. Clinical examination found oral ulceration and periodontitis in equal proportions, 6 (40%). The immunological workup and the biopsy of the accessory salivary glands served as diagnostic evidence in the 15 patients according to the US–European criteria of 2002.

Conclusion
Sjögren’s syndrome is a rare entity in pediatrics. Its diagnosis is difficult to establish in pediatrics and its severity is linked to the occurrence of late visceral and lymphomatous sicca syndrome. Rapid diagnosis and initiation of a synthetic antimalarial (hydroxychloroquine) increases the hope of a cure.
Early detection of bipolar disorders and treatment recommendations for help-seeking adolescents and young adults: Findings of the Early Detection and Intervention Center Dresden
Authors: Martini Julia , Leopold Karolina , Pfeiffer Steffi , Berndt Christina , Boehme Anne , Roessner Veit , Fusar-Poli Paolo , Young Allan H. , Correll Christoph U. , Bauer Michael , Pfennig Andrea 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Early identification and intervention of individuals with risk factors for or subtle prodromal symptoms of bipolar disorders (BD) may improve the illness course and prevent adverse long-term consequences.

Methods
We examined sociodemographic, clinical and psychopathological characteristics of help-seeking adolescents and young adults who consulted the Early Detection and Intervention Center Dresden at the University of Dresden (Germany) and presented with or without pre-defined at-risk criteria for BD. The standardized diagnostic procedure for all help-seeking youth included a comprehensive psychiatric history and a structured clinical interview. When BD at-risk state was suspected, early detection instruments (EPIbipolar, BPSS-FP) were applied. Treatment recommendations were formulated in multi-professional case conferences.

Results
Out of 890 help-seeking persons between 05/2009 and 04/2018, 582 (65%) completed the diagnostic process. Of these, 24 (4%) had manifest BD and 125 (21%) fulfilled at-risk BD criteria (age = 23.9 ± 0.6 years, female = 62%). Of the pre-defined main risk factors, family history for BD was reported in 22% of the at-risk persons, (hypo-)mania risk state in 44%, and increasing cyclothymic mood swings with increased activity in 48%. The most common secondary risk factors were decreased psychosocial functioning (78%), lifetime diagnosis of depressive disorder (67%) and specific sleep/circadian rhythm disturbances (59%). Substance use was very common in subjects at-risk for BD (cannabis = 50%, alcohol = 33%) and highest in patients with BD (cannabis = 75%, alcohol = 40%). Psychiatric treatment history, including psychopharmacological therapy, was similar between the groups, while treatment recommendations differed, with more advice for psychotherapy and antidepressants in the at-risk group with a lifetime diagnosis of depression and more advice for specialized BD treatment including mood stabilizers in patients with BD.

Conclusion
This analysis on the phenomenology of different BD at-risk stages suggests that early detection of individuals presenting with suggested risk factors for the development of BD is feasible in help-seeking young people. Future research should further develop/test stage-specific prevention and early targeted intervention approaches that were described in a naturalistic setting.
Factor VIII inhibitor bypass activity (FEIBA) for the reduction of transfusion in cardiac surgery: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot trial
Authors: Sera Valerie A. , Stevens Ann E. , Song Howard K. , Rodriguez Victor M. , Tibayan Frederick A. , Treggiari Miriam M. 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Background
Uncontrolled bleeding after cardiac surgery can be life-threatening. Factor eight inhibitor bypassing activity (FEIBA) is a prothrombin complex concentrate empirically used as rescue therapy for correction of refractory bleeding diathesis post-cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). FEIBA used as rescue therapy for bleeding diathesis after CPB has been associated with a low incidence of complications and a reduction in transfusion requirement and re-exploration. The feasibility and efficacy of early administration of FEIBA after the termination of CPB have not been studied in a prospective randomized trial.

Methods
We designed a small randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot trial to determine the feasibility of a larger trial testing the hypothesis that FEIBA decreases transfusion requirements after CPB. The study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of a larger pivotal trial to determine the effectiveness of FEIBA in reducing the total volume of blood products transfused perioperatively, and its safety profile. Study participants were adult patients undergoing elective major aortic cardiovascular surgery at a tertiary referral hospital, who were equally randomized to receive a single dose of either FEIBA or matched placebo intraoperatively at the end of CPB.

Results
Twenty patients were screened and 12 were randomized and included in the analysis. Protocol adherence was high, and all patients received the study drug per intention-to-treat except one patient. There were no protocol deviations or events of unblinding, and adverse events were not different between groups. Patients in the FEIBA group were older and more likely to be female and had higher BMI, lower hematocrit, and longer hypothermic circulatory arrest. There were no differences in post-randomization blood product transfusions (difference FEIBA vs. placebo −899 mL; 95% CI −5206 to 3409) or in the administration of open-label FEIBA.

Conclusions
This pilot trial confirmed the adequacy of the trial design that involved the early, blinded administration of FEIBA, by demonstrating excellent protocol adherence. We conclude that a larger trial establishing the effectiveness of early prothrombin complex concentrate administration to reduce the use of blood products in the setting of high-risk cardiac surgery is feasible.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02577614. Registered 16 October 2015
Environmental risks of car tire microplastic particles and other road runoff pollutants
Authors: Tamis Jacqueline E. , Koelmans Albert A. , Dröge Rianne , Kaag Nicolaas H. B. M. , Keur Marinus C. , Tromp Peter C. , Jongbloed Ruud H. 
Published: July 2021

AbstractTire wear represents a large source of microplastic entering the aquatic environment, however little is known about its environmental risks. Here, we provide the first assessment of the environmental risks of pollution with tire wear microplastic particles (TWP) and associated organic micropollutants present in road runoff in Europe, in one go. Besides microplastic TWP, the assessment focused on priority substances as defined by the Water Framework Directive (WFD). In addition, several other pollutants (mercaptobenzothiazole, tolyltriazole, diisodecyl phthalate and hexa (methoxymethyl)melamine) were included. The risk assessment comprised a hazard identification (selection of traffic related substances), an assessment of exposure (Predicted Environmental Concentrations, PECs), based on estimated and measured values, effect assessment (selection of Predicted No Effect Concentrations, PNECs, and effect values) and a risk characterization (PEC/PNEC and Species Sensitivity Distributions (SSDs)). Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET)-tests on samples taken from road runoff, surface water and sediment were conducted as a retrospective approach to support the risk assessment. We demonstrate that risks exist for TWP and for several TWP-associated chemical substances in surface water and sediment. In addition, WET-tests of the runoff samples showed significant dose-related effects for algae. However, WET-tests of surface water showed no significant toxic effects. The present study provides opportunities to protect the quality of European waters from complex road runoff pollution, focusing on TWP microplastic, their associated WFD priority substances and other hazardous substances.
Two-photon absorption characterization and comparison of Au(I) fluorenyl benzothiazole complexes in the visible wavelength regime
Authors: Ensley Trenton R. , O’Donnell Ryan M. , Mihaly Joseph J. , Haley Joy E. , Grusenmeyer Tod A. , Gray Thomas G. 
Published: July 2021

We use the two-photon excited fluorescence method to determine the two-photon
absorption (2PA) cross sections of three series of (fluorenyl
benzothiazole) gold(I) complexes in the visible wavelength range from
570 to 700 nm. We compare the effect of ancillary ligand substitutions
on the 2PA magnitudes and find that the ancillary ligand does not
drastically affect either the magnitude or the shape of 2PA. Even so,
moderate 2PA cross sections were measured that ranged from 10 to
1000 s of GM (Göppert–Mayer,

=

10

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50

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m

4

s

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p
h
o
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n

), making these types of complexes
nonlinear optical materials for two-photon absorbing applications.
Enabling long range distributed vibration sensing using multicore fiber interferometers
Authors: Zhao Zhiyong , Shen Li , Dang Yunli , Lu Chao , Tang Ming 
Published: July 2021

We report a novel long range distributed fiber optic vibration sensor using two counter-propagating interferometers, which are space-division multiplexed in different cores of a seven-core fiber. The proposed system requires only one laser source. Thanks to the spatially separated structure of the two interferometers, it no longer suffers from the coherent Rayleigh backscattering noise, and, since forward transmitting CW light instead of weak backscattering light is used, as a result, the sensing range can be significantly extended. On the other hand, because the two interferometers are implemented in one single compact multicore fiber, the output temporal waveforms have good correlation; therefore, the sampled waveforms can be used directly to determine the vibration location through cross correlation, and no additional complicated data processing (e.g., time-frequency analysis methods) is required. For proof of concept, we achieved distributed vibration detection with 38.5 km sensing range, and the root mean square error of positioning is estimated to be about 54.9 m with 120 measurements. The proposed system has the unique advantages of simple setup, high sensitivity, large dynamic range, ultra-long sensing range, etc.
Favipiravir treatment prolongs the survival in a lethal mouse model intracerebrally inoculated with Jamestown Canyon virus
Authors: Kato Hirofumi , Takayama-Ito Mutsuyo , Satoh Masaaki , Kawahara Madoka , Kitaura Satoshi , Yoshikawa Tomoki , Fukushi Shuetsu , Nakajima Nozomi , Komeno Takashi , Furuta Yousuke , Saijo Masayuki 
Published: July 2021

Background
Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) is a mosquito-borne orthobunyavirus that causes acute febrile illness, meningitis, and meningoencephalitis, primarily in North American adults. Currently, there are no available vaccines or specific treatments against JCV infections.

Methodology/Principal findings
The antiviral efficacy of favipiravir (FPV) against JCV infection was evaluated in vitro and in vivo in comparison with that of ribavirin (RBV) and 2’-fluoro-2’-deoxycytidine (2’-FdC). The in vitro inhibitory effect of these drugs on JCV replication was evaluated in Vero and Neuro-2a (N2A) cells. The efficacy of FPV in the treatment of JCV infection in vivo was evaluated in C57BL/6J mice inoculated intracerebrally with JCV, as per the survival, viral titers in the brain, and viral RNA load in the blood. The 90% inhibitory concentrations (IC90) of FPV, RBV, and 2’-FdC were 41.0, 61.8, and 13.6 μM in Vero cells and 20.7, 25.8, and 8.8 μM in N2A cells, respectively. All mice infected with 1.0×104 TCID50 died or were sacrificed within 10 days post-infection (dpi) without treatment. However, mice treated with FPV for 5 days [initiated either 2 days prior to infection (−2 dpi–2 dpi) or on the day of infection (0 dpi–4 dpi)] survived significantly longer than control mice, administered with PBS (p = 0.025 and 0.011, respectively). Moreover, at 1 and 3 dpi, the virus titers in the brain were significantly lower in FPV-treated mice (0 dpi–4 dpi) versus PBS-treated mice (p = 0.002 for both 1 and 3 dpi).

Conclusions/Significance
Although the intracerebral inoculation route is thought to be a challenging way to evaluate drug efficacy, FPV inhibits the in vitro replication of JCV and prolongs the survival of mice intracerebrally inoculated with JCV. These results will enable the development of a specific antiviral treatment against JCV infections and establishment of an effective animal model.
Harmful cultural practices during perinatal period and associated factors among women of childbearing age in Southern Ethiopia: Community based cross-sectional study
Authors: Abebe Haimanot , Beyene Girma Alemayehu , Mulat Berhanu Semra 
Published: July 2021

IntroductionAlthough the maternal mortality ratio has decreased by 38% in the last decade, 810 women die from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth every day, and two-thirds of maternal deaths occur in Sub-Saharan Africa alone. The lives of women and newborns before, during, and after childbirth can be saved by skilled care. The main factors that prevent women from receiving care during pregnancy and childbirth are harmful cultural practices. The aim of this study was to assess the level of harmful cultural practices during pregnancy, childbirth, and postnatal period, and associated factors among women of childbearing age in Southern Ethiopia.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted in the Gurage zone, among representative sample of 422 women of reproductive age who had at least one history of childbirth. A simple random sampling technique was used to recruit participants. Data were collected by six experienced and trained data collectors using a pretested structured questionnaire with face to face interviews. Harmful cultural practices are assessed using 11 questions and those who participate in any one of them are considered as harmful cultural practices. Descriptive statistics were performed and the findings were presented in text and tables. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association between each independent variable and outcome variable.ResultsHarmful cultural practices were found to be 71.4% [95%CI, 66.6–76.0]. The mean age of study participants was 27.6 (SD ± 5.4 years). Women with no formal education [AOR 3.79; 95%CI, 1.97–7.28], being a rural resident [AOR 4.41, 95%CI, 2.63–7.39], having had no antenatal care in the last pregnancy [AOR 2.62, 95%CI, 1.54–4.48], and pregnancy being attended by untrained attendants [AOR 2.67, 95%CI, 1.58–4.51] were significantly associated with harmful cultural practice during the perinatal period.ConclusionIn this study we found that low maternal education, rural residence, lack of antenatal care and lack of trained birth attendant were independent risk factors associated with women employing harmful cultural practices during the perinatal period. Thus, strong multi-sectoral collaboration targeted at improving women’s educational status and primary health care workers should take up the active role of women’s health education on the importance of ANC visits to tackle harmful cultural practices.
Oral secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI): Associations with oropharyngeal cancer and treatment outcome
Authors: Dickey Brittney L. , Sirak Bradley , Martin-Gomez Laura , Reich Richard R. , Abrahamsen Martha , Isaacs-Soriano Kimberly , Chung Christine H. , Giuliano Anna R. 
Published: July 2021

Background
Rates of oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) associated with alcohol & tobacco use have decreased, while human papillomavirus (HPV) associated OPC has increased among men in the US. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), detectable in a variety of secretions, has been implicated in cancers of the head and neck, associated with tumor progression and anti-viral activity. Using the recently verified oral gargle specimen, this study aimed to assess the association of salivary SLPI expression with risk of OPC and response to treatment.

Methods
A case-control study design compared levels of salivary SLPI among OPC cases to age and tobacco smoking matched healthy controls. Oral HPV DNA and SLPI was quantified from oral gargle specimens. Logistic regression estimated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations of oral SLPI and risk of OPC and treatment outcomes.

Results
In crude and adjusted analyses of 96 OPC cases and 97 age- and smoking-matched controls, OPC was not significantly associated with oral gargle SLPI levels. Among cases, oral SLPI was associated with tonsillectomy (p = 0.018) and among controls oral SLPI was associated with HPV in the oral gargle (p = 0.008). Higher concentrations of SLPI was significantly associated with increased odds of incomplete treatment response (T2: OR: 12.39; 95% CI: 1.44–106.72; T3: OR: 9.86; 95% CI: 1.13–85.90) among all cases, but not among P16+ cases.

Conclusions
Salivary SLPI was not associated with OPC risk but was associated with higher odds of an incomplete treatment response.
Mental health of college students and associated factors in Hubei of China
Authors: Lei Xiaosheng , Liu Chaojie , Jiang Heng 
Published: July 2021

Background
Although many studies have analyzed mental health problems in college students in China, the associations of mental health with individual and family circumstances, academic performance, and social support were rarely discussed.

Objectives
The study aimed to determine the mental health status and its associated factors among college students in China.

Methods
An online survey was conducted on 300 students selected through a cluster sampling strategy in a university in Hubei, China, tapping into sociodemographic characteristics of the participants, their mental health status measured by the modified Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), and social support measured by the Social Support Rating Scale. Multivariate linear regression models were established to identify predictors of the SCL-90 scores.

Results
Mental health disorders were found in 8% of the respondents, with obsessive compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity and depression as the top three reported problems. Compared with the national population norms of university students in 2014, our study participants had higher scores in SCL-90. There were statistically significant difference in the Global Severity index (GSI) and all nine subscales scores (p<0.05). Poorer self-rated health, higher study pressure, and lower social support were significant predictors of higher SCL-90 scores (p<0.05) after adjustment for variations in other variables.

Conclusions
College students in Hubei, China may experience a range of different mental health problems, which are associated with their individual, study, and social circumstances.
Factors that influence data sharing through data sharing platforms: A qualitative study on the views and experiences of cohort holders and platform developers
Authors: Devriendt Thijs , Borry Pascal , Shabani Mahsa 
Published: July 2021

Background
Infrastructures are being developed to enhance and facilitate the sharing of cohort data internationally. However, empirical studies show that many barriers impede sharing data broadly.

Purpose
Therefore, our aim is to describe the barriers and concerns for the sharing of cohort data, and the implications for data sharing platforms.

Methods
Seventeen participants involved in developing data sharing platforms or tied to cohorts that are to be submitted to platforms were recruited for semi-structured interviews to share views and experiences regarding data sharing.

Results
Credit and recognition, the potential misuse of data, loss of control, lack of resources, socio-cultural factors and ethical and legal barriers are elements that influence decisions on data sharing. Core values underlying these reasons are equality, reciprocity, trust, transparency, gratification and beneficence.

Conclusions
Data generators might use data sharing platforms primarily for collaborative modes of working and network building. Data generators might be unwilling to contribute and share for non-collaborative work, or if no financial resources are provided for sharing data.
Extensão multidisciplinar em Odontologia
Authors: Ferreira Iury Eduardo de Sena , Lima Danielly Davi Correia , Tavares Nayara Rodrigues Nascimento Oliveira , Silva Gisele Rodrigues da , Oliveira Maria Antonieta Veloso Carvalho de 
Published: July 2021

O projeto de Extensão “Tratamento endodôntico e restaurador em dentes molares” foi criado no início do ano de 2015, visando atender a necessidade de se ampliar esse serviço oferecido pela Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (FOUFU). Por meio da análise dos prontuários dos pacientes atendidos pelo projeto, nos anos de 2015 a 2019, observou-se a relevância da extensão e sua valorização tanto quanto o ensino e a pesquisa, pois é a partir dela que se tem a oportunidade de colocar em prática os conhecimentos apreendidos em sala de aula, devolvendo-os à sociedade. O projeto permitiu conhecer o perfil dos pacientes, o que ajudou no processo de reconhecimento do diagnóstico situacional e para o processo de planejamento das atividades a serem realizadas nas clínicas da FOUFU. O atendimento multidisciplinar prestado, em instituição de ensino público, mostrou-se eficaz, eficiente e voltado para atender as demandas sociais, corroborando com a importância dos projetos de extensão em saúde.