bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agilität und Weltkulturerbe: Erfahrungen mit sieben Jahren agilen Methoden an der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Eine Fallstudie I/II
Authors: Zellhöfer David 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This series of two articles describes the introduction and establishment of agile methods at the Berlin State Library (Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin) during its ongoing digital transformation. This article showcases structural factors and typical challenges that can be addressed well with agile methods and also be transferred to other organizations. The article focusses on a chronological presentation of carried-out actions and the resulting agile approaches chosen to leverage the collaborative and user-centered development of digital library services.
Nach über einem Jahr Corona
Authors: Büchel Claudia 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Seit über einem Jahr grassiert inzwischen die Corona-Epidemie mit Auswirkungen auch auf die Bibliotheken und die Menschen, die in ihnen arbeiten oder sie nutzen. Die Stadtbibliothek Neuss steht hierbei exemplarisch für die vielen Öffentlichen Bibliotheken in Deutschland. Der vorliegende Praxisbericht versucht den Perspektivenwechsel und stellt die Pandemie-bedingten Herausforderungen aus der Sicht der Bibliotheksleitung, der Mitarbeitenden, der Auszubildenden und der Kund*innen dar.
Between Singularity and Plurality: Kierkegaard and the Paradox of Absolute Difference
Authors: Kulak Avron 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study is dedicated to exploring the ways in which Kierkegaard provides a criterion for thinking about the principles of plurality when, in the context of distinguishing between Socrates and Christ, between different conceptions of difference—between those that support the difference of the other and those that do not—he writes that, just as no one must separate what God has joined, so no one must join what God has separated. When Kierkegaard then makes central to faith the incommensurability of single individuals, he indicates that the inviolable singularity of self and other is the one principle that can be true for all—that can be plural—since it is the one principle that is inclusive of all. In my paper I argue through Kierkegaard that the relationship between the singular and the plural embraces the paradox of absolute difference, the paradox of difference as absolute: the single individual exists only by standing in absolute relation to all others as absolute; the plural exists only insofar as it involves the commitment to the singular standard that, as absolute, preserves the difference of all.
Ecophilosophy and the Ambivalence of Nature: Kierkegaard and Knausgård on Lilies, Birds and Being
Authors: Mjaaland Marius Timmann 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In The Lily in the Field and the Bird of the Air (1849), Kierkegaard presents a succinct critique of Romantic aesthetics, in line with contemporary critiques of ecocriticism and ecophilosophy, e.g. by Timothy Morton. Whereas Romantic poets see nature as a mirror of their inner thoughts and pathos, thereby divinising themselves and their creativity, Kierkegaard emphasises the authority of the Creator and the exteriority of nature. He identifies the consequences of such Romantic self-infatuation on all levels of discourse: aesthetics, ethics, epistemology and ontology, and seeks to formulate an alternative. I argue that the discourses thus represent an alternative philosophy of nature, revealing an immediate joy for the gift of being-there. Being human thus means being dependent on and embedded in nature. This makes Kierkegaard a highly relevant interlocutor for contemporary ecophilosophy and ecocriticism, as revealed by Knausgård’s novel Morgenstjernen (2020).
The Tale of Two Seducers: Existential Entrapment in the Works of Kierkegaard and Dostoevsky
Authors: Vaškovic Petr 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The present study poses a simple question, namely, what are the specific forces that might at times hinder rather than advance individual moral development? To answer this inquiry, I will investigate the writings of Kierkegaard and Dostoevsky, examining the two aesthetic protagonists found in their works—Johannes the Seducer and Dmitri Karamazov. I will utilise the Kierkegaardian framework of the three existential stages to illustrate that it is an over-reliance on gratification, coupled with an instrumental approach towards beings that not only prevents these two aesthetes from behaving morally, but also from even recognising the ethical perspective as a viable existential position.
Is Hell the Other? Kierkegaard and Sartre on the Dialectic of Recognition
Authors: Söderquist K. Brian 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This study asks how Sartre’s version of the dialectic of recognition is present in Kierkegaard’s works. For Sartre, the dialectic begins with an awareness that the other sees me and judges me. I experience this as a threat to my autonomy, and I fight back with a variety of strategies designed to mitigate the effects. Inter-subjective relationships are grounded in conflict from which there is no exit. Similarly, Kierkegaard characterizes the natural, self-centered way of seeing the other as inherently self-centered and contentious. And yet some of Kierkegaard’s texts lay the ground for a way out. Unlike Sartre, he is sensitive to modifications to the structure of the dialectic of recognition that depend on a change in the basic mode of looking. That is, how I see, evaluate, and judge the other can alter the foundation of the interaction from something mutually contentious to something mutually edifying.
State of knowledge and updated distribution of the northern naked-tailed armadillo Cabassous centralis Miller, 1899 (Cingulata, Chlamyphoridae)
Authors: Chacón-Pacheco Julio , Ramos Madera Camilo , Superina Mariella 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
The northern naked-tailed armadillo (Cabassous centralis) is a small, poorly known armadillo species. We update the state of knowledge on this species, provide information on its current and potential distribution, and assess its conservation status and threats. We reviewed the existing literature and obtained georeferenced records from publications, online databases, and field researchers. A total of 174 documents mentioning C. centralis have been published between 1855 and 2019, about half of which (83) provided information on its distribution. The majority of publications came from Colombia. About 10% of publications included information about its ecology, concluding that it is a rare species that mainly occurs in areas with secondary vegetation. It seems to prefer complex habitats, as it is rarely found in fragmented or modified habitats. Consequently, it is possible that its ability to adapt to land use change is low. A total of 224 confirmed records allowed us to extend the species range to the northern Lacandona Forest in Mexico, the Andes of Colombia and southwards in Ecuador. Nevertheless, a distribution model suggests that the species could be even more widely distributed. C. centralis is listed in a threatened category in two countries, whereas more than half of the range countries have not assessed its conservation status. We consider its current global listing as Data Deficient to be appropriate, as many aspects of its ecology, reproduction, population size and trend, and the degree of impact of potential threats remain unknown.
Voicing the absented presence of blackness in Canada: a multimodal critical discourse analysis
Authors: Amideo Emilio 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Canada makes of multiculturalism its trademark in a process caught between a (yet to come) full openness toward cultural and linguistic diversity, and the removal of an ambiguous collective memory rooted in racio-cultural violence. One that at different times in Canadian history considered Black people unwanted citizens, making of their experience an “absented presence” within the Canadian discourse. Drawing on Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis, the aim of this essay is to investigate the retrieval of part of that absented presence through an exploration of the 2015 miniseries The Book of Negroes (dir. Clement Virgo) which traces the life story of the West African storyteller Aminata Diallo as she is captured, sold into slavery and then slowly regains her freedom. The essay focuses on the analysis of the different semiotic resources employed in the miniseries and on the way a reflection of their co-articulation contributes not only to the meaning-making potential of the narrative but also to a specific response in the audience. The multiple ‘languages’ of storytelling through which Aminata’s story unfolds emphasise the need for a rethinking of national belonging by way of privileging diasporic affiliations that reject the violence inherent in monolithic and appropriating discourses.
Freiheit – ein schriftgemäßes Grundrecht. Eine evangelisch-methodistische Perspektive
Authors: Schuler Ulrike 
Published: August 2021

Zusammenfassung
Der Artikel entfaltet den in der methodistischen Schöpfungs- und Gnadenlehre begründeten Einsatz für Menschenrechte. Demnach ist der Mensch – ausgestattet mit Verstand und einem freien Willen – fähig, Gottes Gnadenangebot anzunehmen und beauftragt, Gottes Liebe weiterzugeben. Er ist für den Schutz der religiösen und bürgerlichen Freiheit aller Menschen mit verantwortlich. Diese theologischen Erkenntnisse spiegeln sich in den Grundlagen methodistischer Lehre und Praxis.
Unani medicinal herbs as potential air disinfectants: an evidence-based review
Authors: Mahfooz Shaista , Itrat Malik , Uddin Hamid , Khan Tariq Nadeem 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
Indoor air quality has a significant impact on our health and quality of life, as people spends 80–90% of their time indoors. Fumigation of several medicinal herbs has been recommended by Unani scholars to improve air quality, but their efficacy in air purification is still unknown. Hence, this article aims to discuss the applicability of proposed medicinal herbs in the light of current researches.

Methods
A manual literature survey of classical Unani texts was conducted to collect information about the herbs recommended for air purification. In addition, research databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect were extensively searched for evidence on the efficacy and mechanism of action of the suggested herbs in air purification.

Results
In classical Unani texts, authors have found descriptions of 26 herbs that have been recommended for improving air quality. In-vitro studies have confirmed the antimicrobial activity of 19 of these herbs. Moreover, the efficacy of Styrax benzoin, Commiphora myrrha and Acorus calamus fumigation on aerial microbes have also been validated by studies.

Conclusions
The findings of the literature review clearly demonstrated that the herbs recommended by Unani scholars for air purification have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, indicating that these herbs could be a potential candidate for air disinfectant. Therefore, authors recommend the further researches on proposed herbs to validate their efficiency against airborne pathogens in the vapour phase.
‘You said, we did’: a corpus-based analysis of marketising discourse in healthcare websites
Authors: Chałupnik Małgorzata , Brookes Gavin 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In recent years, social and political commentators have criticised the ongoing marketisation of the UK’s state-based healthcare system, the National Health Service (NHS). This paper examines the websites of 187 NHS’s Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs), exploring how the CCGs represent themselves and their actions, and considering the extent to which these reflect and indeed enact this process of marketisation. Taking a corpus-based approach to Critical Discourse Studies, the analysis shows how the CCGs represent themselves as accountable, collaborative, patient-centred, responsive and self-determining organisations. It is thus argued that these websites function as forms of ‘prestige advertising’, reflecting the increasingly marketised nature of contemporary UK healthcare. Following the analysis, the potential motivations for these representations are considered, as are their possible implications for website users and the broader UK healthcare landscape.
Wege aus der Covid-19-Krise: Chinesische Banken und die Hoffnung auf globales Wirtschaftswachstum
Authors: Böhnke Victoria 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
In crisis times a stable financial system is the basis to stimulate economic growth. In the bank-centered Chinese financial system mainly banks provide additional capital to the economy. According to the International Monetary Fund, the Chinese banking system represents one of the key weak spots of global financial stability. Do Chinese banks mitigate the negative consequences of the Covid-19 crisis or do they increase the risks? Based on the strengths and weaknesses of the Chinese banking system, I discuss the relevance of China for global economic growth. In summary, Chinese banks secure China’s short-term growth and lead the global economy back on the growth track. In the long run, the stability of the financial system depends on China’s ability to shape a sustainable financial system based on even more extensive reforms.
Reciprocal Changes in Voltage-Gated Potassium and Subthreshold Inward Currents Help Maintain Firing Dynamics of AVPV Kisspeptin Neurons during the Estrous Cycle
Authors: Starrett J. Rudolph , DeFazio R. Anthony , Moenter Suzanne M. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractKisspeptin-expressing neurons in the anteroventral-periventricular nucleus (AVPV) are part of a neural circuit generating the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) surge. This process is estradiol-dependent and occurs on the afternoon of proestrus in female mice. On proestrus, AVPV kisspeptin neurons express more kisspeptin and exhibit higher frequency action potentials and burst firing compared with diestrus, which is characterized by a pulsatile rather than a prolonged surge of GnRH secretion. We hypothesized changes in voltage-gated potassium conductances shape activity profiles of these cells in a cycle-dependent manner. Whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings of GFP-identified AVPV kisspeptin neurons in brain slices from diestrous and proestrous mice revealed three subcomponents of the voltage-sensitive K+current: fast-transient slow-transient, and residual. During proestrus, the V50of inactivation of the fast-transient current was depolarized and the amplitude of the slow-transient component was reduced compared with diestrus; the residual component was consistent across both stages. Computational models were fit to experimental data, including published estrous-cycle effects on other voltage-gated currents. Computer simulations suggest proestrus-typical K+currents are suppressive compared with diestrus. Interestingly, larger T-type, persistent-sodium, and hyperpolarization-activated currents during proestrus compensate for this suppressive effect while also enabling postinhibitory rebound bursting. These findings suggest modulation of voltage-gated K+and multiple subthreshold depolarizing currents across the negative to positive feedback transition maintain AVPV kisspeptin neuron excitability in response to depolarizing stimuli. These changes also enable firing in response to hyperpolarization, providing a net increase in neuronal excitability, which may contribute to activation of this population leading up to the preovulatory GnRH surge.
The liver-alpha-cell axis after a mixed meal and during weight loss in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Otten Julia , Stomby Andreas , Waling Maria , Chorell Elin , Ryberg Mats , Svensson Michael , Holst Jens Juul , Olsson Tommy 
Published: August 2021

Objective
Glucagon and amino acids may be regulated in a feedback loop called the liver-alpha-cell axis with alanine or glutamine as suggested signal molecules. We assessed this concept in individuals with type 2 diabetes in the fasting state, after ingestion of a protein-rich meal, and during weight loss. Moreover, we investigated if postprandial glucagon secretion and hepatic insulin sensitivity were related.

Methods
This is a secondary analysis of a 12-week weight-loss trial (Paleolithic diet ± exercise) in 29 individuals with type 2 diabetes. Before and after the intervention, plasma glucagon and amino acids were measured in the fasting state and during 180 min after a protein-rich mixed meal. Hepatic insulin sensitivity was measured using the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp with [6,6-2H2]glucose as a tracer.

Results
The postprandial increase of plasma glucagon was associated with the postprandial increase of alanine and several other amino acids but not glutamine. In the fasted state and after the meal, glucagon levels were negatively correlated with hepatic insulin sensitivity (rS = −0.51/r = −0.58, respectively; both P < 0.05). Improved hepatic insulin sensitivity with weight loss was correlated with decreased postprandial glucagon response (r = −0.78; P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Several amino acids, notably alanine, but not glutamine could be key signals to the alpha cell to increase glucagon secretion. Amino acids may be part of a feedback mechanism as glucagon increases endogenous glucose production and ureagenesis in the liver. Moreover, postprandial glucagon secretion seems to be tightly related to hepatic insulin sensitivity.
Hypogonadism in Prader–Willi syndrome from birth to adulthood: a 28-year experience in a single centre
Authors: Kherra Sakina , Forsyth Paterson Wendy , Cizmecioglu Filiz Mine , Jones Jeremy Huw , Kourime Mariam , Elsedfy Heba Hassan , Tawfik Sameh , Kyriakou Andreas , Shaikh Mohamad Guftar , Donaldson Malcolm David Cairns 
Published: August 2021

Background
Hypogonadism is a key feature of Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) but clear strategies for hormone replacement are lacking.

Objective
To evaluate the gonadal status and outcome in patients attending a Scottish PWS clinic from 1991 to 2019.

Methods
In 93 (35F:56M) patients, median follow-up 11.2 years, gonadal and pubertal status were assessed clinically. Pelvic ultrasound findings and basal/stimulated gonadotrophins were compared with age-matched controls.

Results
Females:of 22 patients aged > 11, 9 had reached B4–5, while 5 were still at B2–3, and 6 remained prepubertal. Eight patients experienced menarche aged 9.8–21.4 years, none with a normal cycle. Uterine length and ovarian volumes were normal but uterine configuration remained immature, with low follicular counts. Gonadotrophins were unremarkable, serum oestradiol 129 (70–520) pmol/L. Only 5 patients received oestrogen replacement. Males:fifty-four (96%) patients were cryptorchid (9 unilateral). Weekly hCG injections resulted in unilateral/bilateral descent in 2/1 of 25 patients. Of 37 boys aged > 11, 14 (9 with failed/untreated bilateral cryptorchidism) failed to progress beyond G1, 15 arrested at G2–3 (testes 3–10 mL), and 8 reached G4–5. Gonadotrophins were unremarkable except in boys at G2–5 in whom FSH was elevated: 12.3/27.3 vs 3.25/6.26 U/L in controls (P < 0.001). In males aged > 13, testosterone was 3.1 (0.5–8.4) nmol/L. Androgen therapy, given from 13.5 to 29.2 years, was stopped in 4/24 patients owing to behavioural problems.

Conclusion
Despite invariable hypogonadism, few females and only half the males with PWS in this study received hormone replacement. Double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trials of sex steroids are required to address unproven behavioural concerns.
Deaths in Children and Adolescents Associated With COVID-19 and MIS-C in the United States
Authors: McCormick David W. , Richardson LaTonia Clay , Young Paul R. , Viens Laura J. , Gould Carolyn V. , Kimball Anne , Pindyck Talia , Rosenblum Hannah G. , Siegel David A. , Vu Quan M. , Komatsu Ken , Venkat Heather , Openshaw John J. , Kawasaki Breanna , Siniscalchi Alan J. , Gumke Megan , Leapley Andrea , Tobin-D’Angelo Melissa , Kauerauf Judy , Reid Heather , White Kelly , Ahmed Farah S. , Richardson Gillian , Hand Julie , Kirkey Kim , Larson Linnea , Byers Paul , Garcia Ali , Ojo Mojisola , Zamcheck Ariela , Lash Maura K. , Lee Ellen H. , Reilly Kathleen H. , Wilson Erica , de Fijter Sietske , Naqvi Ozair H. , Harduar-Morano Laurel , Burch Anna-Kathryn , Lewis Adele , Kolsin Jonathan , Pont Stephen J. , Barbeau Bree , Bixler Danae , Reagan-Steiner Sarah , Koumans Emilia H. 
Published: August 2021

OBJECTIVES
To describe the demographics, clinical characteristics, and hospital course among persons &lt;21 years of age with a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–associated death.

METHODS
We conducted a retrospective case series of suspected SARS-CoV-2-associated deaths in the United States in persons &lt;21 years of age during February 12 to July 31, 2020. All states and territories were invited to participate. We abstracted demographic and clinical data, including laboratory and treatment details, from medical records.

RESULTS
We included 112 SARS-CoV-2-associated deaths from 25 participating jurisdictions. The median age was 17 years (IQR 8.5–19 years). Most decedents were male (71, 63%), 31 (28%) were Black (non-Hispanic) persons, and 52 (46%) were Hispanic persons. Ninety-six decedents (86%) had at least 1 underlying condition; obesity (42%), asthma (29%), and developmental disorders (22%) were most commonly documented. Among 69 hospitalized decedents, common complications included mechanical ventilation (75%) and acute respiratory failure (82%). The sixteen (14%) decedents who met multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) criteria were similar in age, sex, and race and/or ethnicity to decedents without MIS-C; 11 of 16 (69%) had at least 1 underlying condition.

CONCLUSIONS
SARS-CoV-2-associated deaths among persons &lt;21 years of age occurred predominantly among Black (non-Hispanic) and Hispanic persons, male patients, and older adolescents. The most commonly reported underlying conditions were obesity, asthma, and developmental disorders. Decedents with coronavirus disease 2019 were more likely than those with MIS-C to have underlying medical conditions.
Editorial
Authors: Castañeda Rodríguez Víctor Mauricio 
Published: August 2021

Como ya es una costumbre en Colombia, a lo sumo cada dos años se está debatiendo una nueva reforma tributaria, más aún hoy cuando la pandemia contribuyó al crecimiento tanto del déficit fiscal como de la deuda pública. Además, y aunque se pretenden legitimar algunos cambios en materia tributaria a partir del nombramiento e instalación de comisiones de expertos, al final los diagnósticos siempre se parecen y lo que se aprueba pocas veces guarda consistencia interna o coherencia con lo propuesto por el Gobierno. Al respecto, se puede recordar que la comisión de expertos tributarios que se creó a través de la Ley 1739 de 2014 planteaba en su informe, presentado a finales del 2015, que el sistema tributario colombiano era en exceso complejo, inequitativo e ineficiente, y en el 2020, cinco años después, el Ministerio de Hacienda y Crédito Público (MHCP, 2020) indicaba lo mismo, aunque con otras palabras, al manifestar que este “[…] tiene un espacio importante para mejorar en términos de progresividad, eficiencia y simplicidad” (p. 3).