bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perioperative cardiovascular changes in patients with traumatic brain injury: A prospective observational study
Authors: Praveen Ranganatha , Jayant Aveek , Mahajan Shalvi , Jangra Kiran , Panda Nidhi Bidyut , Grover Vinod K. , Tewari Manoj K. , Bhagat Hemant 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an acutely stressful condition. Stress and conglomeration of various factors predispose to the involvement of other organ systems. The stress response from TBI has been associated with cardiovascular complications reflecting as repolarization abnormalities on electrocardiogram (ECG) to systolic dysfunction on echocardiography. However, the perioperative cardiac functions in patients with TBI have not been evaluated.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective observational study in 60 consecutive adult patients of either sex between the age of 10 and 70 years with an isolated head injury who were taken up for decompressive craniectomy as per institutional protocol. ECG and transthoracic echocardiography was carried out preoperatively and then postoperatively within 24–48 h.

Results:
The mean age of our study population was 39 + 13 years with a median Glasgow coma score of 11. A majority (73%) of our patients suffered moderate TBI. Preoperatively, ECG changes were seen in 48.33% of patients. Postoperatively, ECG changes declined and were seen only in 13.33% of the total patients. Similarly, echocardiography demonstrated preoperative systolic dysfunction in 13.33% of the total study population. Later, it was found that systolic function significantly improved in all the patients after surgery.

Conclusion:
Cardiac dysfunction occurs frequently following TBI. Even patients with mild TBI had preoperative systolic dysfunction on echocardiography. Surgical intervention in the form of hematoma evacuation and decompression was associated with significant regression of both ECG and echocardiographic changes.
Intraoperative MRI in trans-sphenoidal surgery using frameless stereotaxis
Authors: Stanton Mitchell , Antony Joyce , Withers Teresa 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) has been used for pituitary surgery for approximately 20 years. The introduction of frameless stereotaxis allows efficient navigation for both the ENT and neurosurgeon. This allows flexibility in placement of the patients head to facilitate resection, efficient use of theater time and improves the safety profile of the operation. This is the first study to describe and investigate the use of frameless stereotaxis in conjunction with iMRI.

Methods:
Consecutive patients who underwent iMRI guided trans-sphenoidal debulking using frameless stereotaxis over a 3-year period, from January 2016 to June 2019, were included in this case series and reviewed retrospectively. The use of AxiEM (Medtronic, USA) tracker facilitated frameless stereotaxis in conjunction with iMRI for trans-sphenoidal debulking of sellar lesions based on the “twin-operating” model.

Results:
The cohort of 47 patients had a mean age of 55 years with a slight female predilection. The average lesion size measured 20 mm (3–46 mm) in maximal diameter with objective evidence of visual deterioration being the most common indication to consider surgery. The use of iMRI identified two patients with suboptimal decompression facilitating further resection in the same anesthetic and one hemorrhagic complication requiring evacuation and hemostasis to reduce postoperative morbidity.

Conclusion:
This study describes the procedural nuances in the use of frameless stereotaxis for iMRI in transsphenoidal surgery to further reduce morbidity and improve outcomes, as well as improving theater utilization and reducing cost.
Transport of patients with giant disfiguring cranial tumors from Africa to the US for collaborative multidisciplinary treatment
Authors: Nussbaum Eric , Graupman Patrick , Lacey Martin , Harrison Andrew , Lowary Jodi , Touchette Jillienne , Nussbaum Leslie 
Published: April 2021

Background:
Giant disfiguring cranial tumors are exceptionally rare and develop over the course of many years, typically in patients who lack access to medical care. Here, we describe four patients who were flown to our center for treatment by a multidisciplinary surgical team, who had previously been turned down for treatment at multiple international centers in Africa, Europe, and the United States (US) due to complexity and financial concerns. The case series describes socioeconomic implications and the feasibility of offering such care to patients from outside the US.

Case Descriptions:
Four patients with giant skull disfiguring tumors were flown internationally and treated by a surgical team consisting of a complex cranial neurosurgeon, a craniofacial reconstructive plastic surgeon, and an oculoplastic surgeon. All patients underwent aggressive surgical therapy with the aim of complete tumor removal and simultaneous cranial reconstruction. A patient with osteogenic sarcoma underwent two additional resections in 3 years, with delayed reconstruction. They returned home but ultimately succumbed to the disease. A patient with ossifying fibroma required two follow-up procedures for cosmetic reconstruction and sought asylum in the US, where they remain today. Two additional patients, one with a giant plexiform neurofibroma and one with a cerebellopontine angle meningioma, achieved good results and returned to Africa 1 month and 3 weeks after surgery, respectively.

Conclusion:
Resection of giant disfiguring cranial tumors and reconstruction of the impacted region requires an experienced multidisciplinary team. These cases can be managed by transporting such patients from areas without access to medical care to specialized centers able to provide excellent care.
The Impact of Audit Committee Characteristics on Corporate Biodiversity Disclosure: An Analysis of Japanese Firms
Authors: Amin Shahid , Iqbal Jawad , Makki Muhammad Abdul Majid 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: The loss of biodiversity is considered one of the greatest threats to economic development and human life. Business organizations have a direct impact on biodiversity through their operations. Therefore, the objective of the study is to examine the impact of audit committee (AC) characteristics on corporate biodiversity disclosure by using the data of Japanese listed firms.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This study is based on secondary data that has been collected from the corporate reports for the period 2012 to 2018. A final sample consists of 476 firm-year observations. Due to the nature of the data, panel regression (fixed-effects model) has been used to test the proposed hypotheses.
Findings: The empirical results depict that the AC size, gender diversity, AC meetings, and financial expertise have a significant positive impact on corporate biodiversity disclosure. However, the AC independence and independence of the chair are not significant.
Implications/Originality/Value: This is a unique study because no research study has examined the impact of AC characteristics on biodiversity disclosure as per the known literature. Thus, the findings of this study may help regulators, policymakers, investors, shareholders, and managers in assessing and monitoring the corporate biodiversity disclosure in light of AC characteristics.
Framing of Kashmir Conflict in Elite Pakistani and Indian Newspapers after Revocation of Special Status of the Disputed Territory
Authors: Siddiqua Ayesha , Ashraf Atif , Shabbir Ghulam , Zia Ghaznavi Qamaruddin 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: India, using its legislative powers, divided Jammu and Kashmir J&K into two separate territories under federal control by revoking Article 370 that had given a special status to the disputed territory. This move stirred isolation and suppression in the people of the valley. The purpose of the study is to comprehend the peace and war framing of the Kashmir conflict after the revocation of the special status of the disputed territory in the Indian and Pakistani media. The study also attempts to explore the strategic relevance of Kashmir for neighboring China.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Framing, Peace and War Journalism theories were used in this study. Quantitative content analysis method was used to analyze the peace and war framing of the J&K conflict in Dawn and Times of India.
Findings: Content analysis findings supported assumption that war coverage was the most highly recorded coverage pattern in both Indian and Pakistani newspapers. Dawn took a lead in peace journalism framing with 25.56% of its editorials and columns dominated with peace journalism frames whereas 11.88% editorials and columns in Times of India were dominated with peace journalism frames.
Implications/Originality/Value: The study finds that Kashmir dispute was framed in War Journalism viewpoint in media of both the neighboring countries. This research also shows that Beijing sticks to its strategic guns by giving peaceful verbal gestures for the region’s stability.
Excavating Future Challenges: An Analysis of Health Systems of One Hundred-Six Countries
Authors: Basit Abdul , Asghar Waheed , Niazi Abdul Aziz Khan , Qazi Tehmina Fiaz 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: Health system of a country is backbone of economy. It has fundamental importance in sustainable development of a country. Aim of this article is to excavate future challenges to health system of selected 106 countries.
Design/Methodology/Approach: It is a country level comparative analysis of health risk factors. Design of the study includes review of literature, data extraction and analysis. The cross-sectional secondary data has been drawn from website of World Development Indicators (WDI) 2020. Grey relational analysis is used as technique of investigation.
Findings: Results show that majorly, member countries of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) have exceptionally high grey relational grade, therefore, are considered to be countries having less future health risks, whereas, Southern African Development Community (SADC) have exceptionally low grey relational grade, therefore, have high future health risk.
Implications/Originality/Value: It is a unique study using different dataset and methods that provides valuable insights to political governments, researchers and health system managers.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Melalui Metode Drill
Authors: Sumanty Rusmi 
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penulisan atikel ini adalah mendeskripsikan penerapan metode drill dan strategi “Kacamata” (Kartu Cantik Macam-macam Huruf, Suku Kata, dan Kata) dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan peserta didikkelas I SDNegeri(SDN) 3 Damar, mengidentifikasi kendala metode drill dan strategi “Kacamata”dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan peserta didik kelas I SDN 3 Damar, dan mengidentifikasi hasil atau dampak dari penerapan metode drill dan strategi “Kacamata”dalam meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan peserta didik kelas 1 SDN 3 Damar.Strategi pemecahan masalah yang dipakai yaitu dengan metode drill dan strategi “Kacamata”. Pelaksanaan metode drill dilakspeserta didikan tiga kali dalam seminggu dengan memanfaatkan waktu 20 menit sebelum jam belajar efektif dimulai, teknis pelaksanaannya dengan cara tutor sebaya dan permainan.Hasil yang dicapai setelah diterapkan selama tiga tahap sampai minggu ke-11, terdapat kemajuan yang signifikan, dari 11 peserta didik yang diujicoba semua peserta didik sudahdapat mengenal huruf dan mengeja huruf menjadi suku kata, sedangkan peserta didik yang belum bisa mengeja suku kata menjadi katahanyasatu peserta didik (0,39%).Berdasarkan data di atas ternyata Metode drill yang dilakspeserta didikan dalam 3 tahap selama 3 bulan dan dipadukan dengan Strategi Kacamata dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan peserta didik di kelas I SDN 3 Damar.
Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Smartberbasis Steam Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Prakarya
Authors: Sulistyawan Eko 
Published: April 2021

Keterampilan berpikir kreatif adalah salah kompentensi yang harus dimiliki dalam menyongsong era revolusi indutri 4.0. Sehingga proses pembelajaran hendaknya berorientasi pada kompetensi.Model pembelajaran yang digunakan model pembelajarn berbasis STEAM yang memanfaatkan game Android sebagai stimulusnya. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif pada aspek validitas dan kepraktisan serta kuantitatif pre eksperimental (one group pretes posttest design).Hasil validasi model pembelajaran oleh validator ahli menunjukkan rerata skor 81,50 yang artinya bahwa model pembelajaran SMART memperoleh kriteria valid. Hasil pengamatan keterlaksanaan aspek STEAM dalam sintaks model pembelajaran SMART menunjukkan kriteria cukup baik pada aspek science, technology dan mathematics, serta kriteria baik pada aspek engiinering dan art. Hasil uji coba keefektifan model pembelajaran pada siswa kelas VII SMPN 4 Singosari Satu Atap tahun pelajaran 2017/2018 dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian one group pretest posttest design menunjukkan peningkatan keterampilan berpikir kreatif siswa dari 53,64 menjadi 86,00 dan hasil uji produk mencapai 84,88. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran SMART berbasis STEAM yang dikembangkan layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
Peningkatan Kreativitas Dan Literasi Digital Peserta Didik Melalui Metode Resitasi Dalam Pembuatan Film Pendek Sejarah
Authors: Khoimah Siti 
Published: April 2021

Revolusi Industri 4.0 menuntut dunia pendidikan untuk turut mengembangkan masyarakat berpengetahuan dengan ciri memiliki keterampilan abad 21 yakni kreatif serta memiliki kemampuan literasi digital agar mampu bersaing secara global. Pembelajaran IPS identik dengan hafalan dan sulit dipahami peserta didik, sehingga pendidik diharapkan dapat terus berinovasi agar pembelajaran menjadi lebih aktif dan dinamis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah metode resitasi dalam pembuatan film pendek sejarah dapat meningkatkan kreativitas dan literasi digital peserta didik. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VIII-A di SMP Islam Al Abidin Surakarta pada Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018 Semester 2 sebanyak 35 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk menilai kreativitas yakni menggunakan rubrik penilaian kreativitas, observasi, dan penilaian diri peserta didik. Penilaian literasi digital menggunakan rubrik penilaian literasi digital dan penilaian diri peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode resitasi dalam pembuatan film pendek sejarah mampu meningkatkan kreativitas dan literasi digital peserta didik. Pada penelitian siklus I, kreatifitas peserta didik diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 72,5. Angka tersebut menunjukkan bahwa peserta didik sudah berada pada kategori kreatif. Literasi digital peserta didik diperoleh nilai rata-rata 62,5, juga masuk pada kategori cukup baik. Pada penelitian siklus II nilai rata-rata kreativitas peserta didik meningkat menjadi 81,3 dengan kategori sangat kreatif, dan literasi digital peserta didik meningkat menjadi 75,0, dengan kategori baik. Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa metode resitasi dalam pembuatan film pendek sejarah mampu meningkatkan kreatifitas dan literasi digital peserta didik.
Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Ecoprint untuk Meningkatakan Keterampilan Abad 21 di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Widiantoro Slamet 
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis projek (Project Based Learning) untuk meningkatan keterampilan komunikasi, kolaborasi, berpikir kritis, dan kreatifitas siswa kelas 4 SD. Metode yang digunakan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development for Production, Implementation and Evaluation). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan angket, observasi dan tes performa. Teknik analisis secara diskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini menghasilkan media ecoprint yang dianfaatkan untuk pembelajaran berbasis projek. Hasil implementasi media ecoprint dapat meningkatkan kreatifitas, komunikasi, kolaborasi, dan berpikir kritis.
Impact of Social Media on the Development of New Products, Marketing and Customer Relationship Management in Kosovo
Authors: Gashi Rrezarta , Ahmeti Hana Gashi 
Published: April 2021

The main objective of this paper is to highlight the importance of social media in the development of enterprises, and in particular the development of new products, and highlight the role of social media in customer relations, where the development of a new product is one of the most important elements for an enterprise. For the realization of this paper, a special questionnaire was used, where its structure was divided into three parts, where in the first part are presented the demographic questions, in the second part are the questions related to the use of social media, as and the third part includes questions related to the productivity of products and the enterprise in general. Participants in this paper were 350 companies. The paper results are presented through descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and regression. Based on the results of this paper, we can say that Kosovar companies through social media establish relationships with their customers and keep them informed, which also greatly influences the development of new products, as well as organizational performance. Also what is noticed in this paper is the enterprises have managed to improve the quality of products through the study of customer feedback. The results also show that the use of social media to create relationships with customers and inform them, statistically affect the organizational performance and product success of Kosovo enterprises. The results also show that social media have an impact on organizational performance, the success of the company, close customer relationships, and timely information. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01263 Full Text: PDF
Bayesian Confidence Intervals for Coefficients of Variation of PM10 Dispersion
Authors: Thangjai Warisa , Niwitpong Sa-Aat , Niwitpong Suparat 
Published: April 2021

Herein, we propose the Bayesian approach for constructing the confidence intervals for both the coefficient of variation of a log-normal distribution and the difference between the coefficients of variation of two log-normal distributions. For the first case, the Bayesian approach was compared with large-sample, Chi-squared, and approximate fiducial approaches via Monte Carlo simulation. For the second case, the Bayesian approach was compared with the method of variance estimates recovery (MOVER), modified MOVER, and approximate fiducial approaches using Monte Carlo simulation. The results show that the Bayesian approach provided the best approach for constructing the confidence intervals for both the coefficient of variation of a log-normal distribution and the difference between the coefficients of variation of two log-normal distributions. To illustrate the performances of the confidence limit construction approaches with real data, they were applied to analyze real PM10 datasets from the Nan and Chiang Mai provinces in Thailand, the results of which are in agreement with the simulation results. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01264 Full Text: PDF
Effect of Addition of Alccofine on the Compressive Strength of Cement Mortar Cubes
Authors: R. Balamuralikrishnan , J. Saravanan 
Published: April 2021

In the modern era, many research works are going on throughout the world for finding suitable cementitious material for the replacement of cement since it causes environmental pollution. In this order Fly ash, Silica fume, GGBS, Metakaolin, Micro materials, Quartz powder, etc. are tried out for replacing partially or fully the cement in concrete. A new ultrafine material called Alccofine (AF) which is manufactured from glass wastes is tried out for replacing partially in this research. Compressive strength is one of the important properties of cement. Strength tests are not made on neat cement paste because of difficulties of excessive shrinkage and subsequent cracking of neat cement. Cement mortar of 1:3 mix proportion is used to cast the cubes having an area of 50 cm2 are used for the determination of compressive strength of cement as per IS: 4031-1988 (Part-6). The graded Indian Standard sand (Ennore Sand -ES) confirming to IS: 650-1991 is used for preparing the cubes. In the same mix proportion, the same size cubes are cast with the River Sand (RS) to study the difference of the compressive strength between the Indian standard sand and river sand. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and Portland Pozzolana Cements (PPC) are used. The present study is the influence of Alccofine on cement mortar cubes by replacing the cement by Alccofine with various proportions like 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% were cast and tested in the laboratory as per Indian Standard 4301-1988 (Part-6) and the results were analysed and presented in the form of charts and graphs. It is observed that the early age strength is obtained for all the combinations but 10 percent of Alccofine yields more strength than other dosages. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01265 Full Text: PDF
Assessing the Social Media User’s Credibility Rating of Shared Content, and its Utilization in Decision Making
Authors: Wada Hadiza 
Published: April 2021

This study seeks to ascertain the degree to which people rely on unprofessionally processed information from social media to make decisions or take critical actions. Professional media, in this case, refers to the traditional broadcast and print media who have been in the business of professionally processing and authenticating information for their audiences. While social media represent the various platforms for social exchange of information. Relevant to this study is the social media’s ability to reach multitudes of people with unsubstantiated information. The methodology employed is simple random sampling, using questionnaire as an instrument. 350 respondents provided input using three age ranges, 20-35, 36-50, and 50 and above. The results show social media usage as the only news source for the youngest age group at 38%. The 50 plus years mainly rely on professional media. While all three age groups admitted to sharing of unsubstantiated information at 68%, only 30% admit to using critical information from social media. Most importantly, the findings indicate; where prevalence and availability tends to overwhelm users, taking the time to seek more credible information takes a back seat, even in cases where the information sought is critical to decision making and use. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01269 Full Text: PDF
An Econometric Analysis of Tax Evasion and Its Consequences on Economic Performance
Authors: Ghazo Abdullah M. , Qasrawi Qusay M. , Abu-Lila Ziad M. 
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to estimate the extent of tax evasion in Jordan based on a currency demand methodology, the results of the time series stationarity test showed that there was a time series to be non-stationary at the same degree, and the results of the co-integration test showed the existence of co-integration between the model variables, the size of tax evasion during the period 1980–2019 was estimated using the fully modified ordinary least squares method (FM-OLS).The results showed that the average rate of tax evasion as a percentage of (GDP) amounted to 2.7%, whereas it reached 16.7% of tax revenues, After the extent of tax evasion had been estimated, its impact on some macroeconomic variables was identified through the Toda and Yamamoto causality test, This test showed that tax evasion had an impact on the general consumer price index, GDP, tax revenues, public debt, both public and private investment, and both public and private consumption, Finally the study recommends that more attention should be paid to the tax evasion phenomenon by officials in charge of economic policies and tax administration in order to reduce tax evasion and its impact on the economic variables and, thus, achieve greater economic stability. Doi: 10.28991/esj-2021-01271 Full Text: PDF