bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study on Annealing Process Influenced Electrical Properties of Ni/CeO2/p‐Si/Al Schottky Barrier Diodes
Authors: Nallabala Nanda Kumar Reddy , Kummara Venkata Krishnaiah , Chinnappa Yuvaraj , George P. P. , Manjunath V. , Sanniboina Jagadeesh , Reddy S. Manikanteswara , Gangasani Nethaji Reddy 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe impact of annealing process on I‐V characteristics of Ni/CeO2/p‐Si/Al metal‐insulator‐semiconductor (MIS) type Schottky barrier diodes is investigated. The I‐V measurements are performed for the as‐deposited and 700 °C annealed samples at room temperature. The Schottky barrier height (SBH), ideality factor values are evaluated using thermionic emission theory and are found to be 0.67 eV, 1.21 for the as‐deposited sample and 0.72 eV, 1.01 for the 700 °C annealed sample. The calculations indicate that the 700 °C annealed sample for 45 min exhibits a lower series resistance (680 Ω) when compared to the as‐deposited sample (2206 Ω). The calculated shunt resistance for the 700 °C annealed sample is found to be 346 × 103 Ω which is found to be lower than that of the as‐deposited sample that is 962 × 103 Ω. In conclusion, it is elucidated that the intentionally deposited CeO2 (rare‐earth oxide) insulating layer at the interface of Ni/p‐Si and the subsequent annealing process significantly influence the electrical properties of the fabricated Ni/CeO2/p‐Si/Al MIS type Schottky barrier diodes.
Combinatorial technology revitalized by DNA‐encoding
Authors: Furka Árpád 
Published: August 2021

AbstractCombinatorial chemistry invented nearly 40 years ago was welcomed with enthusiasm in the drug research community. The method offered access to a practically unlimited number of new compounds. The new compounds however are mixtures, and methods had to be developed for the identification of the bioactive components. This was one of the reasons why the method could not providethe expected cornucopia of new drugs. Among the different screening methods, two approaches seem to offer the best results. One of them is based on the intrinsic property of the combinatorial split and pool solid‐phase synthesis: One compound forms on each bead of the solid support. Different methods have been developed to encode the beads and identify the structure of compounds formed on them. The most important method applies DNA oligomers for encoding. As a second approach in screening, DNA‐encoded combinatorial libraries are synthesized omitting the solid support and the mixtures are screened in solution using affinity binding methods. Libraries containing billions and even trillions of components are synthesized and successfully tested, which led to the identification of a significant number of new leads.
Ultra‐wideband magnetoelectric antenna with dual polarization and compact size
Authors: Zheng Pei , Zhu Hailiang , Liu Ganyu , Qiu Yuwei , Wang Kai , Gao Lu , Liu Jiaqi 
Published: August 2021

AbstractDesign of ultra‐wideband (UWB) dual‐polarized magnetoelectric (ME) dipole antenna with compact size is presented. The proposed antenna consists of a double‐layer ME dipole, a pair of cross‐placed Γ‐shaped probes, and a box‐shaped reflector. Total size of the final design is 95 mm (0.87λ0) × 95 mm (0.87λ0) × 65 mm (0.6λ0). Both simulated and measured results show that the proposed antenna has an operating bandwidth of 127.3% (1–4.5 GHz) with voltage standing‐wave ratio (VSWR) ≤ 2.2 and 5.1 dBic ≤ gain ≤ 9.6 dBic. A stable unidirectional radiation pattern is achieved over the whole band. The cross‐polarization level is less than −15 dB and isolation between two ports exceeds 15 dB. Due to its compact size and good performance, the proposed antenna can be a competitive candidate in most wireless communication application scenarios.
In vitro and in vivo comparison of MRI chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) properties between native glucose and 3‐O‐Methyl‐D‐glucose in a murine tumor model
Authors: Anemone Annasofia , Capozza Martina , Arena Francesca , Zullino Sara , Bardini Paola , Terreno Enzo , Longo Dario Livio , Aime Silvio 
Published: August 2021

D‐Glucose and 3‐O‐Methyl‐D‐glucose (3OMG) have been shown to provide contrast in magnetic resonance imaging‐chemical exchange saturation transfer (MRI‐CEST) images. However, a systematic comparison between these two molecules has yet to be performed. The current study deals with the assessment of the effect of pH, saturation power level (B1) and magnetic field strength (B0) on the MRI‐CEST contrast with the aim of comparing the in vivo CEST contrast detectability of these two agents in the glucoCEST procedure. Phosphate‐buffered solutions of D‐Glucose or 3OMG (20 mM) were prepared at different pH values and Z‐spectra were acquired at several B1 levels at 37°C. In vivo glucoCEST images were obtained at 3 and 7 T over a period of 30 min after injection of D‐Glucose or 3OMG (at doses of 1.5 or 3 g/kg) in a murine melanoma tumor model (n = 3–5 mice for each molecule, dose and B0 field). A markedly different pH dependence of CEST response was observed in vitro for D‐Glucose and 3OMG. The glucoCEST contrast enhancement in the tumor region following intravenous administration (at the 3 g/kg dose) was comparable for both molecules: 1%–2% at 3 T and 2%–3% at 7 T. The percentage change in saturation transfer that resulted was almost constant for 3OMG over the 30‐min period, whereas a significant increase was detected for D‐Glucose. Our results show similar CEST contrast efficiency but different temporal kinetics for the metabolizable and the nonmetabolizable glucose derivatives in a tumor murine model when administered at the same doses.
Structural relationships among adolescents’ peer attachment, career‐related self‐efficacy, parents’ attitudes and health risk behaviours
Authors: LEE Gyu Young , LEE Da Ye 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAimThis study aimed to determine whether the peer attachment of adolescents, mediated by career‐related self‐efficacy and having parents with positive attitudes, influences health risk behaviours.DesignA cross‐sectional questionnaire survey.MethodsThis study adopted the secondary data analysis method, using the 2010 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS). The 7th‐wave panel data of 1,932 first graders in high schools were analysed using structural equation modelling.ResultsThe final model provided a good fit for the data. Having a close relationship with peers had a direct effect on adolescents’ health risk behaviours. High peer attachment also had an indirect effect on health risk behaviours, mediated by career‐related self‐efficacy and having parents with positive attitudes. Though adolescents with broad and intimate peer relationships may be exposed to more temptations towards health risk behaviours and tend to make riskier decisions, these influences are reduced by being exposed to positive parenting attitudes and having clear, conscious career goals.
Self‐assembled carbon nanofibers–silica nanocomposites for hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber reinforcement
Authors: Wang Fanghui , Dong Shengnan , Wang Zhongying , He Huan , Huang Xidai , Liu Dexin , Zhu Hong 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn order to enhance the dispersion of silica (SiO2) in hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) and improve the mechanical properties of rubber composites, carbon nanofibers–silica (CNFs–SiO2) nanocomposites were prepared by the self‐assembly method and used as fillers in HNBR to obtain CNFs–SiO2/HNBR rubber composites. The composition, structures, and properties of CNFs–SiO2 nanocomposites and CNFs–SiO2/HNBR rubber composites were investigated. The results show that SiO2 loaded onto the surface of CNFs by electrostatic adsorption can significantly attenuate SiO2 nanoparticle agglomeration and improve the dispersion of nanocomposites in rubber. The maximum tensile strength (26.7 MPa), this peak strength was 1.6 times that of SiO2/HNBR and 3 times that of CNFs/HNBR, elongation at break (445%), and tear strength (43.7 kN/m) of CNFs–SiO2/HNBR were all reached at a CNF mass percentage of 4% and filling fraction of 50 phr. These results indicate that CNFs–SiO2 as a reinforcing filler can significantly improve rubber mechanical properties.
KEGG mapping tools for uncovering hidden features in biological data
Authors: Kanehisa Minoru , Sato Yoko , Kawashima Masayuki 
Published: August 2021

AbstractIn contrast to artificial intelligence and machine learning approaches, KEGG (https://www.kegg.jp) has relied on human intelligence to develop “models” of biological systems, especially in the form of KEGG pathway maps that are manually created by capturing knowledge from published literature. The KEGG models can then be used in biological big data analysis, for example, for uncovering systemic functions of an organism hidden in its genome sequence through the simple procedure of KEGG mapping. Here we present an updated version of KEGG Mapper, a suite of KEGG mapping tools reported previously (Kanehisa and Sato, Protein Sci 2020; 29:28–35), together with the new versions of the KEGG pathway map viewer and the BRITE hierarchy viewer. Significant enhancements have been made for BRITE mapping, where the mapping result can be examined by manipulation of hierarchical trees, such as pruning and zooming. The tree manipulation feature has also been implemented in the taxonomy mapping tool for linking KO (KEGG Orthology) groups and modules to phenotypes.
Construction of g‐C3N4‐Ferrocene Copolymers for Enhanced Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Shang Tongtong , Chen Shanshan , Wei Zihan , Huang Dongling , Yang Shun 
Published: August 2021

AbstractTo enhance the photocatalytic property of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4), a novel g‐C3N4‐Ferrocene copolymers (CNFe) was synthesized via one‐pot thermal polymerization using 1,1‐dibromoferrocene and urea as precursors. Owing to the unique sandwich structure and properties of ferrocene, the specific surface area, visible light absorbance as well as charge carrier separation of CNFe have been simultaneous remarkably enhanced, thus, resulting into a higher photocatalytic activity than pure g‐C3N4. Benefiting from these structural and compositional features, CNFe exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity for photodegradation of phenol as water pollutants under visible light irradiation with outstanding reusability over five cycles. This current work presents a new insight for constructing polymeric photocatalysts which could be possibly applied in the field of photocatalytic pollution removal for environmental protection.
Heterojunction of WO3 Particle and g‐C3N4 Nanowire for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Li Jinlun , Bai Xin , Rao Xi , Zhang Yongping 
Published: August 2021

AbstractHeterojunction construction with suitable band level alignment and nanostructure formation are the effective ways to improve the photocatalytic activity. Herein, WO3/g‐C3N4 nanocomposites are synthesized by calcining the mixture of WO3 particles and g‐C3N4 nanowires at nitrogen atmosphere at 550 °C for 2 h. The composite catalysts can effectively inhibit the combination of photogenerated electron/hole pairs, promote the harvest of visible light, and increase the specific surface area, thus enhancing the photocatalytic activity of H2 evolution. The optimal photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 0.10WO‐CN composite under visible light (λ>420 nm) reaches 21.64 μmol/h, which is about 7.5 times of the pure phase CN (2.86 μmol/h). Due to the synergistic effect between the interface of WO3 particles and g‐C3N4 nanowires, the photocatalytic performance of WO3/g‐C3N4 composites has been improved significantly.
Cesium Lead Bromide Perovskite Nanocrystals as a Simple and Portable Spectrochemical Probe for Rapid Detection of Chlorides
Authors: Vasavi Dutt V. G. , Akhil Syed , Mishra Nimai 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe wide spectral tunability of CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) via instantaneous and facile anion exchange, make them a suitable candidate for chloride detection. Rapid anion‐exchange processes between CsPbBr3 perovskite NCs and different chloride solutions were carried out in ambient conditions. The resultant anion‐exchanged CsPbCl3‐xBrx NCs preserved the structural properties and exhibited a remarkable blue‐shift in photoluminescence spectra. This form a basis for detection of chloride ions in water. This has been applied with the limit of detection upto 100 μM. The detection strategies were not only limited to the direct addition of chloride solutions to NCs, but also showed a visual colour change under UV light when the chloride solution is drop‐casted on CsPbBr3 films that are deposited on glass substrates. Furthermore, the detection strategy is established by drop‐casting CsPbBr3 NCs onto paper strips that are pre‐soaked in chloride solutions. A considerable blue‐shift in fluorimetry proves them to be an excellent sensing medium as practical spectrochemical probes for on‐site detection of chlorides. Based on this, a colour chart and selectivity chart to access the presence of chlorides and their concentration is demonstrated here.
Optical and electrical modulation in ultraviolet photodetectors based on organic one‐dimensional photochromic arrays
Authors: Geng Yue , Zhao Yingjie , Zhao Jinjin , Zhai Yu , Yuan Meng , Wang Xue‐Dong , Gao Hanfei , Feng Jiangang , Wu Yuchen , Jiang Lei 
Published: August 2021

AbstractOrganic photochromic materials have drawn considerable attention for their potential applications in large‐scale and low‐cost optoelectronics owing to unique tunable physicochemical properties. For organic photodetectors, photochromic materials have realized optical and electrical engineering of semiconductor layers, which incorporate not only tunable performance, but also functionalities to optoelectronic devices. However, the essential challenge is to assemble large‐area photochromic micro‐ and nanostructure arrays with controllable geometry and precise alignment, which restricts the integration of multifunctional optoelectronic devices. Herein, we fabricate organic photochromic one‐dimensional (1D) arrays via a feasible solution process through the confined crystallization of organic molecules. By modulating and controlling the photoisomerization behaviors, these 1D photochromic arrays possess broad spectral tunability, which ensure tunable photoresponse. Furthermore, we investigate the crystallographic transition and electronic performance variation of these 1D photochromic arrays. By adjusting the dwell time of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, the UV photochromic photodetectors realize tunable and repeatable responsivity from 85.6 to 0.709 mA/W. Our work provides new possibilities for optical and electrical engineering of photochromic microwires towards the integration of multifunctional optoelectronic devices.
Dendrites‐Free Zn Metal Anodes Enabled by an Artificial Protective Layer Filled with 2D Anionic Nanosheets
Authors: Zhang Ying , Zhu Ming , Wang Guanyao , Du Fei‐Hu , Yu Fangfang , Wu Kuan , Wu Minghong , Dou Shi‐Xue , Liu Hua‐Kun , Wu Chao 
Published: August 2021

AbstractMetallic zinc (Zn) has been considered to be an ideal anode material for aqueous batteries, but is impeded by the growth of Zn dendrites and its side reactions with an aqueous electrolyte. Here, it is reported that an artificial protective layer filled with novel 2D Zn2+ adsorbed Sb3P2O143− (denoted as Zn‐Sb3P2O14) nanosheets provide an effective route to mitigate the above challenging problems. The Zn‐Sb3P2O14 protection layer not only avoids the direct contact with the aqueous electrolyte to suppress the side reactions but also allows for Zn‐ions to pass through the protection layer rapidly. Moreover, the 2D Sb3P2O143− skeleton with negative charge also confines the 2D diffusion of Zn‐ion along the lateral surface of Zn anode, resulting in a uniform electron‐deposition. This unique protection layer not only enables dendrite‐free Zn plating/stripping with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.2% for 200 cycles, but also sustains the symmetric Zn||Zn cell over 1300 h at 1 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2 as well as for 450 h at 10 mA cm−2 and 10 mAh cm−2. Such advantages bring high reversibility to full Zn batteries with MnO2 cathodes, which deliver a discharge capacity of 111.7 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles.
Limonin ameliorates acute pancreatitis by suppressing JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway
Authors: Xia Tingting , Gu Yijie , Shen Jiaqing , Zheng Lu , Xu Chunfang 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAcute pancreatitis (AP) is one of the most common acute abdomen of digestive system and has the characteristics of dangerous condition and rapid development. Limonin has been confirmed to hold anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects in various diseases. However, its potential beneficial effect on AP and the concrete mechanisms have never been revealed. Here, two mouse models were used to investigate the protective effects of limonin on AP, the caerulein‐induced mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) model and L‐arginine‐induced severe AP (SAP) model. Firstly, it was found that limonin administration attenuated lipase and serum amylase levels and ameliorated the histopathological manifestations of pancreatic tissue in a dose‐dependent manner. Additionally, the amelioration of AP by limonin was associated with reduced levels of inflammation initiators (IL‐6, IL‐1β, CCL2, and TNF‐α). Mechanistically, we found that limonin suppressed the Janus Activating Kinase 2 (JAK2)/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway, as evident by the decreased levels of JAK2 and p‐STAT3. And activation of JAK2 using JAK2 activator rescued the protective effects of limonin on AP. Thus, our results demonstrate that limonin can ameliorate AP in two mice models via suppressing JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Urban food forests in the American Southwest
Authors: Allen James A , Mason Andrew C 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFood forests are multilayered polycultures of mostly perennial species and an agroforestry practice well‐suited to the urban environment. They are gaining increasing attention in temperate regions of Europe and the United States, but, to date, there has been little research on them in the American Southwest. In this study, we visited 14 food forests, all but two of which were in urban or peri‐urban areas. At 12 of the food forests, we interviewed a person who established or manages them. The food forests span a significant range of the physical environments, types of communities, and ownerships found in the American Southwest. Despite challenges associated with the southwestern environment, such as the hot, dry climate and difficult soil conditions, we found clear evidence that food forests can be successfully established in the urban areas of this region. In addition to food production, these food forests are providing numerous other benefits such as mitigating the urban heat island effect, increasing local biodiversity, and improving the aesthetics of urban neighborhoods. While there is a need for additional research, a variety of networks and information sources have been established that are providing both practical information and inspiration for the establishment of additional food forests in the region.
The effects of repeating false and misleading information on belief
Authors: Pillai Raunak M. , Fazio Lisa K. 
Published: August 2021

AbstractFalse and misleading information is readily accessible in people's environments, oftentimes reaching people repeatedly. This repeated exposure can significantly affect people's beliefs about the world, as has been noted by scholars in political science, communication, and cognitive, developmental, and social psychology. In particular, repetition increases belief in false information, even when the misinformation contradicts prior knowledge. We review work across these disciplines, identifying factors that may heighten, diminish, or have no impact on these adverse effects of repetition on belief. Specifically, we organize our discussion around variations in what information is repeated, to whom the information is repeated, how people interact with this repetition, and how people's beliefs are measured. A key cross‐disciplinary theme is that the most influential factor is how carefully or critically people process the false information. However, several open questions remain when comparing findings across different fields and approaches. We conclude by noting a need for more interdisciplinary work to help resolve these questions, as well as a need for more work in naturalistic settings so that we can better understand and combat the effects of repeated circulation of false and misleading information in society.This article is categorized under:
Psychology > Memory
Psychology > Reasoning and Decision Making
Nanoparticle platforms for dermal antiaging technologies: Insights in cellular and molecular mechanisms
Authors: Bhatia Eshant , Kumari Durga , Sharma Shivam , Ahamad Nadim , Banerjee Rinti 
Published: August 2021

AbstractAging is a continuous process defined by a progressive functional decline in physiological parameters. Skin, being one of the most vulnerable organs, shows early signs of aging which are predominantly affected by intrinsic factors like hormone, gender, mood, enzymes, and genetic predisposition, and extrinsic factors like exposure to radiation, air pollution, and heat. Visible morphological and anatomical changes associated with skin aging occur due to underlying physiological aberrations governed by numerous complex interactions at cellular and subcellular levels. Nanoparticles are perceived as a powerful tool in the cosmeceutical industry both for augmenting the efficacy of existing agents and as a novel standalone therapy. Both organic and inorganic nanoparticles have been extensively investigated in antiaging applications. The use of nanoparticles helps to enhance the activity of antiaging molecules by selectively targeting cellular and molecular pathways. On the other hand, the nanoparticle platforms also gained increasing popularity as the skin protectant against extrinsic factors such as UV radiation and pollutants. This review comprehensively discusses skin aging and its mechanism by highlighting the impact on cellular, subcellular, and epigenetic elements. Importantly, the review elaborates on the examples of organic and inorganic nanoparticle‐based formulations developed for antiaging application and provides mechanistic insights on how they modulate the mechanisms of skin aging. The clinical progress of nanoparticle antiaging technologies and factors that impact clinical translation are also explored.This article is categorized under:
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Reconfirmation of Solubility of C22− in Liquid Ammonia: Syntheses and Crystal Structures of the Tetrahedral Acetylide Ammoniates [Zn(C2H)4]2−, [Cd(C2H)4]2− and [In(C6H5)3(C2H)] −
Authors: Kaas Marina , Werker Melanie , Korber Nikolaus , Ruschewitz Uwe 
Published: August 2021

AbstractThe new compounds with the sum formulae [Cs([18]crown‐6)]2[Zn(C2H)4] ⋅ 8NH3, Rb3[Rb([18]crown‐6)(NH3)][Cd(C2H)4]2 ⋅ {[18]crown‐6 ⋅ 2NH3} ⋅ NH3 and [Cs([2.2.2]crypt)][In(C6H5)3(C2H)] were synthesized in liquid ammonia. The anionic units show tetrahedrally coordinated central atoms with four hydrogenacetylide ligands or one C2H− and three C6H5− ligands. Solid state starting materials for these ligands were either AC2H (A=Rb, Cs) or Cs2C2. The fact that the indium compound contains a hydrogenacetylide ligand, which was formed from Cs2C2, confirms again the equilibrium of the species C2H2, C2H− and C22− in liquid ammonia and again proves that acetylides slowly dissolve in this medium.