bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Android and Cloud-Based Application Development to Predict Remaining Age of Four-Wheeled Vehicle Brake Pad with Varied Driving Behaviour
Authors: Nugroho H S , Dewantoro M A , Anindito A 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
One important component in a vehicle is the braking system. The main function of the braking system is to provide deceleration to stop the vehicle speed. One important part of the braking component is the brake lining. But to know the physical condition of the brake lining, it is necessary to dismantle the wheel and brake components. So that one of the initial stages of development is to make an application that can predict the remaining life of the brake lining without having to do the demolition. Therefore, this study will design the calculation with the physical condition monitoring approach of the brake lining itself. In addition, in this study, the author will try to find a relationship between driving behaviour and its effect on the wear rate of the brake lining. After testing the road with 3 different driving behaviours, it was found that the driver with eco behaviour would consume 0.42%, normal behaviour as much as 1.65% and sport behaviour as much as 44.96% of the thickness of the original brake lining. There was a significant result in sports driving behaviour because in this behaviour the braking pressure and temperature will be very high when compared to eco and normal. Furthermore, the application error which obtained from the application was higher than the other two behaviour.
FEM analysis of water surface profile using VOF Method
Authors: Sharma Avdhesh Kumar , Dixit Prashant Kumar , Srivastava Shashank 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The prediction of water surface elevation in open channels is important for evaluation and determination of the heights of side wall of structures in open channel systems. At present empirical equations are basically used for the purpose. In the early half of the 19th century experimental approach was mainly used but it had the drawbacks of laborious data collection and instrument operation limitation. The 3D flow behavior or some complex turbulent structure which is the nature of any open channel flow, cannot be effectively captured through experiments, so in these circumstances, computational approach can be adopted to overcome these obstacles. In comparison to experimental studies computational approach is repeatable, can simulate at full scale, can generate the flow taking all the data points into consideration. The motive of the present work is to use the simple geometry of the rectangular broad crested weir to test the commercial CFD software ANSYS-CFX in order to test its feasibility for implementation in more complex open channel flows. The experimental results of Hager & Schwalt’s are validated and then the analysis has been done for weirs with different slopes.
A review of SPSAH and DPSAH characteristics by variation of fluid profile in the duct
Authors: Neelothpal B , Dogra S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The thermal performance of solar air heaters can be enhanced by increasing the rate of heat transfer. The thermal performance of DPSAH is higher than that of SPSAH based on the study of various researchers. Many researchers have studied the performance analysis of solar air heaters with various heat transfer enhancement techniques like using fins, corrugated absorber plate, packed bed, generating turbulence to the flow. By using ribs of different geometrical shapes and sizes attached to the absorber plate turbulence increases which in turn increases the thermal and thermo-hydraulic performances of the solar air heater. The paper presents the study of the research carried on various processes used to increase turbulence and so thermal performance of SPSAH and DPSAH.
A review to explore different meshless methods in various Structural problems
Authors: Kumar Manish , Jha Aditya Kumar , Bhagoria Yash , Gupta Pankaj 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this work, authors are actively showcasing the finding of recent papers using meshless method in different structure problems which are either 1-D, 2-D, 3-D problems or problems related to composite material. Also presents the comparison of research going in that field of most common and widely used method, i.e. most widely used method of finite element (FEM). Over the past few decades meshless methods where implemented into many application areas which are ranging from long established problems related to astral physics to that of solid mechanics problem also in engineering and mathematical models, vibration and fluid mechanics investigation and optimization of the numerical results of the equation of partial differential problems. From critical reviews of different meshless methods, authors have suggested the applicability of different meshless method to improve computational efficiency.
Artificial Intelligence based Temporal Material Identification for Improving Qulaity of Service in Communication
Authors: Shekhar Shashi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The artificial intelligence based learning model helps in identifying temporal material by processing linguistic terms that express time duration in code mixed data. The data available on social media contents are written in mixed script format and from this content temporal material content identification is a challenging task. The retrieval of temporal information and its corresponding time duration expression terms can be identified using artificial intelligence technique based neural learning model. The temporal retrieval and its time duration representation are widely used to present the opinions over the social media. The work described in the paper gives the comparative view of different techniques used in the area of transliteration. The rule framed approach is presented which accepts the roman form text as input and as per the defined rules the system is developed to give the temporal details words available in the sentence. The evaluation measures used here to validate the hypothesis is based on statistical measures along with HLSTM learning model. Further the result is validated using the voting technique that can choose appropriate Temporal label which are not identifies by the learning model. The applied neural learning approach increases the precision value.
Early Stress Detection and Analysis using EEG signals in Machine Learning Framework
Authors: Agrawal Jharna , Gupta Manish , Garg Hitendra 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Stress, a psychological phenomenon that represents the body’s natural defense against predators and danger, has emerged as the biggest social problem of the 21st century especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. Various techniques or methods such as PET, ECG, EMG, MRI exist to detect and quantify stress. Physiological features produced throughout the brain’s electrical activity are documented by a medical technique known as an electroencephalogram (EEG).
In this context, this paper posits a comparative analysis of the above-described methods of stress detection and accentuates on stress detection methodology using EEG signals, as EEG is a perfect non-invasive tool, widely used in clinical and research domains. The fractal dimension (FD) method, which is an indicator of curve irregularities, has been used in the detection of stress for feature extraction, applying three FD algorithms viz. Higuchi, Katz and Permutation Entropy. For classification, this study aims to apply and compare a number of classic machine learning algorithms based on accuracy, precision and sensitivity. This paper also presents a novel architecture, based on EEG analysis in MATLAB, fractal dimension used for feature extraction along with Machine Learning processes for classification i.e., Random Forest and Artificial Neural Network which is useful for early-stage stress detection, analyzing different stress levels viz. mild, moderate and high accuracy and providing ways for people to cope with stress in order to enhance their performance.
Human Bone fracture prognosis using Income inequality based Texture Feature and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Yadav D. P. , Sharma Gaurav 
Published: May 2021

Abstract

Bone fracture and related bone problems are most common throughout the world; people in every country are facing problems related to bone fracture. These are the prime reasons for bone fracture like due to some severe accident, or there may be chance that a person suffering from disease which weakens the bones like Osteoporosis or cancer. Therefore it is very much needed to quickly and accurately diagnose the affected area before giving any cure or treatment. Here we are proposing the technique through which we can detect and classify the fractured or healthy bones clearly, accurately and quickly. It works like a doctor’s tool and reduce his workload. Previous research work and data set is focused simply on classification of fractured bones but our research is capable of not only to classify and detect the fractured bone but the healthy bones as well, by considering data set consist of different types of human bones. The proposed approach analyzes the texture features for the bone diagnosis. In this regards, we performed performance analysis of the model using four GLCM (Gray Label Co-occurrence Matrix) texture features with and without Gini Index. The performance of the model using GLCM texture feature with Gini index is significantly improved. The proposed texture featured based SVM model have achieved the accuracy of 95% for the fracture bone.
Review of FET Ring mixer topologies for wireless communication
Authors: Raghav Muskan , Chaturvedi Abhay 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This paper presents an important component of the radio frequency transceiver called as mixer. It is a critical component and plays an important role as it has the ability for frequency conversion in RF systems. This paper focuses on double balanced ring topology of passive mixers. Ring mixer is one of the best example of passive mixers because of double balanced in nature. Double balanced is one of the most widely used topology as it suppresses both LO and RF at the output the of mixer. Various techniques have been used to improve the performance of standard topology of the ring mixer such as noise figure, linearity, conversion gain and port isolation, so these techniques have been re-viewed and compared with the previous studies. This paper also have brief discussion about a useful passive circuitry say balun and its designing with mixer as this is generally used to convert single ended signal to differential signal.
Dynamics and Control Structure for NPID Controller
Authors: Saxena Aditi , Kumar Jitendra , Agrawal Reeya 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Designing a non-linear controller has always been a very daunting job for researchers and control engineers. The robotic manipulators have multiple inputs and multiple outputs. In this paper, we are talking about two link manipulators. A comprehensive explanation of dynamics and the control structure of the NPID controller have been provided to the industries by reducing the workforce with the help of automation. This controller is a combination of Proportional Integral and Derivative Controller and has a nonlinear factor that is multiplying with the integral controller, and it was further concluded that the NPID controller was the best among the others. This controller is used in various important fields such as welding, under water robots, industry, painting, spot welding and many more.
A Review on Design Methods of Vertical take-off and landing UAV aircraft
Authors: Kumar Veneet , Sharma Rajkumar , Sharma Shailesh , Chandel Siddharth , Kumar Subodh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicle is the most widely used aircraft technology due to its eminent applications in various fields like in military for surveillance, patrolling and rescue operations, agriculture and civil uses like food delivery, Aerial photography etc. There are two main categories of UAVs; Fixed-wing UAVs and multi-rotor UAVs. There are some issues which arise with conventional aerial vehicles like the absence of enough runway in rural areas and dense forests. Vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) UAVs have the advantages of both fixed-wing and fixed rotor type aircraft. These types of aircraft are more suitable for such applications where lack of runway and dense forests are major issues. This review article mainly focuses on the work done in the domain of design and analysis of vertical take-off and landing (VTOL)
Thermal analysis of brake disc of an automobile
Authors: Najmi Hozaan , Kumar Nitesh , Himanshu  , Singh Ankit , Singh Rishabh , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
One of the most effective protective features of modern vehicles is the braking system. The brake absorbs kinetic energy of the rotating parts (Wheels) and dissipates this energy into the surrounding atmosphere in the form of heat energy. Disc brake is the recent trend in automobile which dissipates the heat faster than the conventional brakes but if hard braking is done, thermal stresses in the brake disc are induced, leading to excessive heat generation, which further produces distortion and thermal cracking of the disc leading to disc failure. The main objective of this work is to compare four different materials viz. Aluminium Alloy, Ceramics, Grey Cast Iron and Titanium Alloy for disc brake and to identify the most suitable material for brake disc. The model of disc was prepared using the dimensions of an existing Maruti car and its transient state analysis is done using SOLIDWORKS. After the analysis the value of heat flux distribution and von-Mises stress for the selected profile was 1.577e+05 W/m2 and 7.920e+09 N/mm2 for Aluminium alloy, 4.358e+05 W/m2 and 9.806e+09 N/mm2 for Ceramics, 9.747e+05 W/m2 and 1.218e+10 N/mm2 for Grey Cast Iron and 9.224e+05 W/m2 and 8.292e+09 N/mm2 for Titanium alloy. It was noted that the heat flux dissipation is more and von-Mises stress is less for the Grey Cast Iron and it is suitable for the manufacturing purpose.
An Efficient Resource Utilization in VM Live Migration Techniques using CloudSim a Simulation tool
Authors: Gupta Ambika 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the era of cloud resources and edge computing the transferring of data from one node to another node server is a complicated task in which there should be no disruption. While any user is accessing the cloud services then it is required that shifting a virtual machine load from anywhere must be without disturbing the services on front end. There is a key problem which is high resource usage such as network usage, management of various cloud resources, tolerating the fault occurrence, consumption of energy etc. It is also required that the resource consumption should be more efficient when shifting the virtual machine load from one physical host to another particular physical host. This paper identifies a solution to manage the workload on different migration techniques without disruption of services in cloud computing environment.
Self-healing in concrete using ureolytic species of bacteria and yeast
Authors: Singh Neha , Ahmad Juned , Mir Snober S. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Structural members made of concrete may develop micro cracks within themselves with time due to shrinkage and temperature effects, which instigates untimely failures. After the second hydration of concrete, some cracks and pores are still left unsealed leading to the auxiliary degradation and lessened service life. The use of ureolytic species of microorganism with concrete aids in the sealing of these cracks without expulsion of any precarious fumes or constituents detrimental to the environment, which is present in various chemical sealants accessible in the market. The ureolytic bacterial species is capable of producing calcium carbonate precipitate in the presence of urea and calcium substrate. The precipitate formed has the ability to cure the cracks and pores that would have occurred during placing or in their service life. In this paper, the comparison between bacteria and yeast infused concrete with the control concrete in terms of durability aspect like compressive strength, behaviour in acidic exposure and water absorption rate has been determined. The amount of calcium carbonate generated with same growth conditions has been determined for both bacteria and yeast infused concrete, which will help in evaluating the nature of different microorganism for self-healing mechanism. The result of this study is that Yeast has the potential to be used as microbe in self-healing of concrete.
Analysis of the Torsional Irregularity as per IS 1893 (Part 1): 2016 and IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002
Authors: Gudainiyan Jitendra , Parihar Hemant Singh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The earthquake-resistant design of a building begins with its architectural design. Earthquake safety depends on many factors such as type of structural system, distribution of mass, and mechanical properties of structural material used in the construction of buildings. A building with regular configurations suffers much less damage as compared to building with irregular configurations. The irregularity criteria have been modified in the new IS 1893(Part): 2016 which is the sixth revision of the Indian Seismic Code. This paper aims to perform a comprehensive analysis on the torsional irregularity criteria (a type of plan irregularity) as per IS 1893 (Part 1): 2016 and IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002. The irregular buildings with different plans have been modelled by computer software STAAD.Pro Connect Edition and results of torsional irregularity checks as per IS 1893 (Part 1): 2016 and IS 1893(Part 1): 2002 have been compared. The criteria for torsional irregularity check as per new IS1893(Part 1): 2016 is found to be more elaborated and simpler as compared to old IS 1893(Part 1): 2002. New seismic code gives about 2.7 times clearer indication of torsional irregularity in the building model.
Analysis of Risk Assessment in Highway Projects Using Importance Index
Authors: Garg Rahul , Rawat Saurabh 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Road construction delay is considered to be repetitive problems in the construction industry causing various negative effects on project success in terms of time, money, and quality. Therefore it is essential to identify and analyze the causes of highway construction delay. The main purpose of this study is to identify the causes of delay affecting highway construction projects. 40 delay causes were identified using a literature review and were categorized into 13 groups. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey. Questionnaires were distributed to 425 respondents out of which 388 were received. Values of Frequency and severity of occurrence of delay causes are calculated for getting values of importance index. Risk factors are ranked using the importance index. Results indicate that the top five harmful delay factors are change in design, Delayed payment, Inaccurate details in drawings, Financial difficulties, and Poor project management, and least five harmful delay factors are Physical obstruction during construction, Road blockage, and traffic at the construction site, Labor dispute, Sudden change in government law and skilled labor. The findings can help the Project team to decrease highway construction delays.
Static stability investigation of a tapered asymmetric sandwich beam supported on variable Pasternak foundation
Authors: Pradhan M , Behera S. , Nayak D. K. , Dash P. R. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The investigation to analyse a sandwich beam’s static stability with asymmetric configuration, tapered along the thickness, placing on a Pasternak foundation having linearly varying stiffness and influenced by an alive axial load is executed for several boundary conditions employing computational method. Use of Hamilton’s principle results in the equations of motion and related boundary conditions. Hill’s equations are achieved from the non-dimensionalized equations of motion with the use of Galerkin’s method. Then, the effects of various parameters on the static stability for different boundary conditions are obtained and are showcased in a sequence of graphs using the appropriate MATLAB program.
Effects of the concentration of various bacillus family bacteria on the strength and durability properties of concrete: A Review
Authors: Parashar Arun Kumar , Gupta Ankur 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
It is almost impossible to avoid the development of cracks on the surface of the concrete even after using the best quality material and workmanship. These cracks may result into the degradation of concrete in terms of its strength and durability. Therefore it becomes utmost important to seal these cracks so that the devastating effects of the degrading agencies that may enter into the concrete through these cracks can be reduced or eliminated. This paper presents a review on the effects of the concentration of various bacillus family bacteria on the strength and durability properties of concrete. The bacteria with a concentration of 100 CFU to 108 has been considered in this review. This paper also outlines the self-healing ability of different bacillus family bacteria. Self-healing refers to the cracks in concrete, through addition of the bacillus family bacteria to the concrete mix and checks the impacts of bacillus family bacteria on the strength and durability properties of the concrete.
Exposure of calcined clay and low calcium flyash-based mortar on moderate acid environment
Authors: Kishore Kamal , Gupta Nakul 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The resource management is one of the crucial issues in managing the various natural resources available. Presently, the application of cement in construction industry is very frequent in producing different structural elements. Such use of cement in preparing structural formworks emits a reasonable amount of carbon dioxide and other hazardous gases into the atmosphere during the manufacturing of cement. As a result, these mechanisms pollute the environment and degrade the thickness of the protective layer of ozone. Several concerns and measures have been taken to lower the footprint of carbon emission. One of them is the adoption of pozzolana. In the present study, Class F fly ash and calcined clay is taken as the substitute for ordinary Portland cement in 4%, 8%, 12%, 16%, and 20% for making mortar cubes cured up to 90 days. The cubes were subjected to the analysis of consistency, initial and final setting times, compressive strength, and acid attacks. The study revealed the interaction of pozzolans with the properties of the mortars and dependencies of the present proportions in forming the strength of the mortar cubes.
Experimental investigation of the effect of curing compound on self-compacting concrete properties
Authors: Nigam Mayank , Gupta Ankur 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Lack of proper compaction and curing in cement concrete may lead to the poor strength and durability characteristics. In this paper the effect of curing compound on self-compacting concrete properties has been investigated. The experimental work was performed in two phases. In the 1st phase the optimum superplasticizer (SP) dosage was determined for the maximum compressive strength and in the second phase the effect of curing agent (PEG4000) on the strength at optimum SP dosage was investigated. Additionally workability, split tensile strength and flexural strength were also investigated at different SP and curing agent dosage. The test results showed that the maximum compressive strength of 27.7MPa and 39.48MPa was obtained at 1% SP dosage after one and four weeks of testing. The splitting tensile strength and flexural strength also showed maximum improvement at 1% SP dosage. The maximum mechanical strength of the self-cured concrete in terms of compression, tension and flexure was obtained at 1.6% dosage of PEG4000. The workability got reduced as the dosage of curing compound was increased from 1.2% to 1.8%. Therefore, the self-compacted and self-cured concrete for the maximum strength can be developed at an optimum dosage of 1% PCE based superplasticizer and 1.6% PEG4000 based curing compound.