bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intersection of surgical injuries and pain interference among former female collegiate gymnasts
Authors: Ferber Ally , Howell David R. , Seehusen Corrine N. , Tilley David , Casey Ellen , Sweeney Emily A. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBackgroundGymnastics is a competitive sport with numerous health benefits. However, few data exist that examine the lasting effects of injuries in retired gymnasts.ObjectiveTo examine pain interference among former collegiate gymnasts. Specifically, we focused on the relationship between gymnastics‐related injuries sustained during middle/high school or college that required surgery and former collegiate gymnasts' current pain. We hypothesized that injuries requiring surgery would be associated with increased pain and reduced function after retirement.DesignCross‐sectional survey.SettingAn online questionnaire was distributed to former female collegiate gymnasts via social media.ParticipantsA total of 447 former female collegiate gymnasts completed the survey and were grouped according to whether they indicated an injury during their middle/high school or collegiate gymnastics career that required surgery.Main Outcome MeasuresThe association between current pain interference (Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System [PROMIS] scale) and injuries in middle/high school or college that resulted in surgery. Pain interference elements included current enjoyment of life, ability to concentrate, participation in day‐to‐day activities, enjoyment of recreational activities, ability to perform errands, and ability to socialize with others.ResultsThose who reported an injury that resulted in surgery (n = 260; mean current age ± SD = 32.8 ± 9.5 years) were younger than those who did not at the time of survey completion (n = 187; current age: 37.0 ± 11.0 years) and reported beginning gymnastics at an earlier age (4.4 ± 2.0 years vs. 5.1 ± 2.5 years; p = .001). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups on any PROMIS questions. In secondary analyses, we found a small but significant association between beginning gymnastics at an earlier age and the odds of requiring surgery (odds ratio = 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02–1.21; p = .02).ConclusionsMost retired gymnasts reported a gymnastics‐related injury that required surgery. Gymnasts who start gymnastics at a younger age were more likely to sustain an injury that required surgery, but surgery was not associated with higher levels of pain interference.
Experiences and needs of people with haematological cancers during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Zomerdijk Nienke , Jongenelis Michelle , Yuen Eva , Turner Jane , Huntley Kathryn , Smith Andrew , McIntosh Megan , Short Camille E. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractObjectiveHaematological cancer patients are particularly vulnerable to the effects of COVID‐19. In addition to being immunocompromised, pandemic‐related travel restrictions have impacted access to treatments and overseas stem cell donations for patients requiring transplantation. Given this vulnerability, people with haematological cancers are at risk of experiencing heightened distress during the pandemic. This study aimed to explore haematological cancer patients' experiences and needs.MethodsTwenty‐four Australian haematological cancer patients completed semi‐structured interviews exploring their concerns and worries during the pandemic, impact of pandemic on management of disease, access to information and support, lifestyle changes, and attitudes towards emerging models of healthcare during the pandemic. Interview transcripts were thematically analysed.ResultsFour themes reflecting the experiences of haematological cancer patients during the pandemic were identified: ‘Fears about contracting COVID‐19' (behaviour changes to protect health, impact on daily routine and habits, annoyance at dismissive attitude of others toward COVID‐19); ‘Reduced sense of connection and support’ (reduced social support and access to external support services); ‘New challenges’ (increased financial hardship, worsened health), and; ‘Underlying system and communication issues' (access to trusted information, satisfaction/dissatisfaction with care, navigating telehealth). Participants expressed a need for improved access to support services and trusted information.ConclusionsThe findings emphasise the additional challenges experienced by haematological cancer patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic and their impact on daily life. Results point to the importance of validation of increased distress during periods of uncertainty; reinforcing recommendations about high‐quality sources of information; and facilitating access to support services when face‐to‐face care is limited.
Synergistic Enhancement of Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction Over Boron Nitride Quantum Dots Decorated Nb2CTx‐MXene
Authors: Chu Ke , Li Xingchuan , Li Qingqing , Guo Yali , Zhang Hu 
Published: September 2021

AbstractElectrochemical N2 fixation represents a promising strategy toward sustainable NH3 synthesis, whereas the rational design of high‐performance catalysts for the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is urgently required but remains challenging. Herein, a novel hexagonal BN quantum dots (BNQDs) decorated Nb2CTx–MXene (BNQDs@Nb2CTx) is explored as an efficient NRR catalyst. BNQDs@Nb2CTx presents the optimum NRR activity with an NH3 yield rate of 66.3 µg h−1 mg−1 (−0.4 V) and a Faradaic efficiency of 16.7% (−0.3 V), outperforming most of the state‐of‐the‐art NRR catalysts, together with an excellent stability. Theoretical calculations revealed that the synergistic interplay of BNQDs and Nb2CTx enabled the creation of unique interfacial B sites serving as NRR catalytic centers capable of enhancing the N2 activation, lowering the reaction energy barrier and impeding the H2 evolution.
Venture capital and Industry 4.0: The G7's versus BRICS' experience
Authors: Popkova Elena G. , Inshakova Agnessa O. , Sergi Bruno S. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article aims to set a framework on how venture capital could contribute comprehensively to supporting sustainable development goals employing Industry 4.0's digital entrepreneurship, filling a gap in the existing literature concerning the role of venture capital in Industry 4.0. This article advances a new venture capital model, which might play a significant role in OECD countries in supporting investment and innovative projects and allow for creative activity and high‐powered global competitiveness. Likewise, venture capital will achieve a new purpose to better economic well‐being and ensure higher effectiveness of venture capital management. The economic model here has shown that an increase of the share of venture capital in the structure of GDP by 1% leads to the growth of digital competitiveness by 60.0698 points and the development of global competitiveness by 2.3831 points. As per the article's findings, we should give venture capital a new role in supporting innovative projects, a digital modernization of entrepreneurship, and global competitiveness. These parts are connected to economic and public well‐being.
Context and attention control determine whether attending to competing information helps or hinders learning in school‐aged children
Authors: Markant Julie , Amso Dima 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAttention control regulates efficient processing of goal‐relevant information by suppressing interference from irrelevant competing inputs while also flexibly allocating attention across relevant inputs according to task demands. Research has established that developing attention control skills promote effective learning by minimizing distractions from task‐irrelevant competing information. Additional research also suggests that competing contextual information can provide meaningful input for learning and should not always be ignored. Instead, attending to competing information that is relevant to task goals can facilitate and broaden the scope of children's learning. We review this past research examining effects of attending to task‐relevant and task‐irrelevant competing information on learning outcomes, focusing on relations between visual attention and learning in childhood. We then present a synthesis argument that complex interactions across learning goals, the contexts of learning environments and tasks, and developing attention control mechanisms will determine whether attending to competing information helps or hinders learning.This article is categorized under:
Psychology > Attention
Psychology > Learning
Psychology > Development and Aging
Mutual information superadditivity and unitarity bounds
Authors: Casini Horacio , Testé Eduardo , Torroba Gonzalo 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe derive the property of strong superadditivity of mutual information arising from the Markov property of the vacuum state in a conformal field theory and strong subadditivity of entanglement entropy. We show this inequality encodes unitarity bounds for different types of fields. These unitarity bounds are precisely the ones that saturate for free fields. This has a natural explanation in terms of the possibility of localizing algebras on null surfaces. A particular continuity property of mutual information characterizes free fields from the entropic point of view. We derive a general formula for the leading long distance term of the mutual information for regions of arbitrary shape which involves the modular flow of these regions. We obtain the general form of this leading term for two spheres with arbitrary orientations in spacetime, and for primary fields of any tensor representation. For free fields we further obtain the explicit form of the leading term for arbitrary regions with boundaries on null cones.
Assessing the Effects of a Real-Life Contact Intervention on Prejudice Toward LGBT People
Authors: Cramwinckel Florien M. , Scheepers Daan T. , Wilderjans Tom F. , de Rooij Robert-Jan B. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPrejudice against sexual and gender minorities (e.g., LGBT people) is quite prevalent and is harmful. We examined an existing—and often-used—contact intervention in pre-existing groups in an educational setting and assessed its effectiveness in reducing different forms of LGBT negativity. We focused particularly on modern LGBT negativity: a relatively subtle form of prejudice, involving ambivalence, denial, and/or the belief that there is too much attention for LGBT prejudice. We used a mixed design in which condition (experimental vs. control group) was the between-participants factor, which was randomized at the group level, and time (pretest vs. posttest vs. follow-up) was the within-participants factor (N = 117). Interventions were video recorded and the behavior of LGBT educators and participants was coded. Participants responded positively to the intervention, especially to the LGBT educator’s “coming-out story.” Exploratory analysis of the video data indicated that the perceived effectiveness of the intervention was higher in groups where participants were more engaged, although caution is necessary in interpreting this finding. The most important measure indicated that modern LGBT negativity decreased in the intervention groups directly after the intervention, but returned to baseline levels one week later. However, in the control condition, modern LGBT negativity had increased over time. Taken together, this suggests that an actual reduction in modern LGBT negativity was short-lived (i.e., the intervention effect disappeared within 7 days).
The Constructive Overlap: A Study of Multiplex Ties in Students’ Study-Related Networks and Academic Performance
Authors: Fjelkner-Pihl Annika 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis article adds to a growing body of literature on how various types of social relations can work synergistically to promote students' academic success. Students’ study-related social networks affect academic outcome in higher education. The network literature in education generally explores students’ various relations separately, rather than their multiplex relations or whenindividuals share several relations. This approach risks missing the full complexity of the student experience. The aim of the present study is to add to the discussion on student social networks and attainment in higher education by further exploring multiplex relations maintained in a specific study program, in which a large share of students in the cohort commute. A survey was distributed to students in one cohort (n = 146). The findings revealed that, in this cohort, students’ friendship, working and learning networks overlap substantially, and that centrality in the friendship and in the student multiplex networks was positively and significantly related to academic outcome, whereas centrality in the working and learning networks was not. Points for future research are suggested, and practical implications for those supporting student learning in higher education are discussed.
Handling Transitive Relations in First-Order Automated Reasoning
Authors: Claessen Koen , Lillieström Ann 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWe present a number of alternative ways of handling transitive binary relations that commonly occur in first-order problems, in particular equivalence relations, total orders, and transitive relations in general. We show how such relations can be discovered syntactically in an input theory, and how they can be expressed in alternative ways. We experimentally evaluate different such ways on problems from the TPTP, using resolution-based reasoning tools as well as instance-based tools. Our conclusions are that (1) it is beneficial to consider different treatments of binary relations as a user, and that (2) reasoning tools could benefit from using a preprocessor or even built-in support for certain types of binary relations.
Catheter contact area strongly correlates with lesion area in radiofrequency cardiac ablation: an ex vivo porcine heart study
Authors: Masnok Kriengsak , Watanabe Nobuo 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Our previous study confirmed that not only force but also the catheter contact angle substantially impacted the contact area and its morphology. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to further investigate the relationship between the catheter contact area and the dimensions of the ablation lesion area as a function of catheter contact angle and force in radiofrequency catheter ablation.

Methods
The radiofrequency catheter ablation test was performed for 5 contact angles and 8 contact forces at a fixed ablation time of 30 s. The initial impedance was 92.5 ± 2.5 Ω, the temperature during ablation was 30 °C, and the power was 30 W. The irrigation rate during ablation was set to 17 mL/min. Each experiment was repeated 6 times.

Results
The catheter contact area showed a strong correlation with the ablation lesion area (r = 0.8507). When the contact area was increased, the lesion area also increased linearly in a monotonic manner. The relationships between catheter contact force and ablation lesion area and between catheter contact force and ablation lesion depth are logarithmic functions in which increased contact force was associated with increased lesion area and depth. The catheter contact angle is also an important determinant of the lesion area. The lesion area progressively increased when the contact angle was decreased. In contrast, the lesion depth progressively increased when the contact angle was increased.

Conclusions
The catheter contact area was strongly correlated with the ablation lesion area. Additionally, catheter contact force and contact angle significantly impacted the dimensions of the lesion in radiofrequency catheter ablation procedures.
The Lourdes Pilgrimage and the Impact on Pilgrim Quality of Life
Authors: Klimiuk Jennifer , Moriarty Kieran J. 
Published: September 2021

AbstractLourdes, France, is a major site of pilgrimage, particularly for Roman Catholics with illness. The direct impact of pilgrimage on pilgrim quality of life (QOL) has not previously been measured. The present study aimed to measure the impact of pilgrimage to Lourdes on QOL in self-defined “sick pilgrims”. The standardised EuroQol EQ-5D-5L questionnaire measured two aspects of QOL, namely a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score of self-rated health and an Index Value Score (IVS) of the five dimensions of QOL, in a group of pilgrims, before (Q1), immediately after (Q2) and two months after (Q3) return from pilgrimage to Lourdes. A total of 93 pilgrims responded at time Q1, 71 at Q2 and 64 at Q3. The VAS scores of self-rated health showed statistically significant improvement at Q2 (p = 0.04), although this was not sustained at Q3. The IVS Scores showed no significant differences at Q2 or Q3. However, at Q2, 67.6% of pilgrims reported their self-rated QOL as “much better” or “better”, and this was maintained in 54.7% at Q3. Pilgrims identified “spiritual and religious aspects of pilgrimage”, “a sense of togetherness” and “spiritual healing” as having the most significant impact on their QOL. The Lourdes pilgrimage had a statistically significant positive impact on the immediate post-pilgrimage VAS scores of QOL of “sick pilgrims”, but this was not sustained two months following pilgrimage. The IVS scores were unchanged. Pilgrims identified beneficial holistic, spiritual and communal aspects of the pilgrimage experience.
Against intentionalism: an experimental study on demonstrative reference
Authors: Rostworowski Wojciech , Kuś Katarzyna , Maćkiewicz Bartosz 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we present two experimental studies on reference of complex demonstratives. The results of our experiments challenge the dominant view in philosophy of language, according to which demonstrative reference is determined by the speaker's intentions. The first experiment shows that in a context where there are two candidates for the referent—one determined by the speaker’s intention, the other by some “external” factors—people prefer to identify the referent of a demonstrative with the latter object. The external factors for which this prediction has been confirmed include the speaker’s demonstration and the descriptive content of a demonstrative. The second experiment shows that while this preference can be explained in terms of the speakers’ having different sorts of referential intentions, the relevant kind of intentions are fully opaque to the subjects. At the end of our paper, we point to some alternative accounts of demonstrative reference, including a pluralistic and hybrid approach, which can accommodate our experimental results.
Preliminary analysis on roles of metal–organic compounds in the formation of invisible gold
Authors: Junussov Medet , Ferenc Mádai , Ferenc Kristály , Tivadar Tóth , Krisztián Fintor , Gábor Muránszky , Ádám Prekob , Mária Hámor-Vidó 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe paper comprises new analytical data on the nature and occurrence of gold in solid pyrobitumen, closely associated with the main gold-bearing sulfide arsenic ores of the Bakyrchik gold deposit (Kazakhstan), related to post-collisional magmatic-hydrothermal origin. Gold mineralization of the deposit occurs mainly in the form of an “invisible” type of gold in the structures of arsenian pyrite and arsenopyrite, and the form of gold-organic compounds of pyrobitumen in carbonaceous-terrigenous sequences of Carboniferous formation. Microscopic and electron microscopic analysis, Raman and FT-Infrared analysis, mineralogical and three-step sequential extraction analysis (NH2OH·HCl, H2O2,HNO3 + HCl) has been carried out using 9 ore samples (from 3 different types of ores) for a comprehensive study of pyrobitumen and sulfide arsenic ores focusing mainly on organic matter. The sequentially extracted precious metal content of pyrobitumen reaches up to 7 ppm gold and other metals like Ag 4 ppm, Pt 31 ppb, and Pd 26 ppb, forming metal–organic compounds, while arsenic sulfide minerals incorporate 11 ppm gold, 39 ppm Ag, 0.49 ppm Pt. The enrichment of gold associating with organic matter and sulfide ore minerals was confirmed in this study. Organic matter was active in the migration of gold and the capture of gold by pyrobitumen. Moreover, the reductive organic matter agent released gold, most likely for the sulfide arsenic ore minerals. Pyrobitumen was a decisive factor in the concentration, transportation, and preservation of gold in the deposit.
A Crowd-Powered Task Generation Method for Study of Struggling Search
Authors: Xu Luyan , Zhou Xuan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractEvaluation of interactive search systems and study of users’ struggling search behaviors require a significant number of search tasks. However, generation of such tasks is inherently difficult, as each task is supposed to trigger struggling search behavior rather than simple search behavior. To the best of our knowledge, there has not been a commonly used task set for research in struggling search. Moreover, the everchanging landscape of information needs would render old task sets less ideal if not unusable for evaluation. To deal with this problem, we propose a crowd-powered task generation method and develop a platform to efficiently generate struggling search tasks on basis of online wikis such as Wikipedia. Our experiments and analysis show that the generated tasks are qualified to emulate struggling search behaviors consisting of “repeated similar queries” and “quick-back clicks”; tasks of diverse topics, high quality and difficulty can be created using this method. For benefit of the community, we publicly released a task generation platform TaskGenie, a task set of 80 topically diverse struggling search tasks with “baselines,” and the corresponding anonymized user behavior logs.