bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CDK14/β‐catenin/TCF4/miR‐26b positive feedback regulation modulating pancreatic cancer cell phenotypes in vitro and tumor growth in mice model in vivo
Authors: Sun Yunpeng , Wang Pengfei , Zhang Qiyu , Wu Huanhuan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionChemotherapy and radiotherapy have been reported to be basically ineffective for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients; thus, gene therapy might provide a novel approach. CDK14, a new oncogenic member of the CDK family involved in the pancreatic cancer cell response to gemcitabine treatment, has been reported to be regulated by microRNAs. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether miR‐26b regulated CDK14 expression to affect the phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells.MethodsOverexpression or knockdown of CDK14 or miR‐26b was generated in pancreatic cancer cell lines and the function of CDK14 and miR‐26b on cell phenotype and the Wnt signaling pathway was determined using 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide, 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine and transwell assays, as well as a xenograft model and western blotting. The predicted binding site between the 3′‐untranslated region of CDK14 and miR‐26b, miR‐26b promoter and TCF4 was verified by luciferase or chromatin immunoprecipitation assays.ResultsCDK14 overexpression inhibited p‐GSK3β, whereas it promoted p‐LRP6, the nuclear translocation of β‐catenin and the transactivation of TCF4 transcription factor, thus promoting pancreatic cancer cell aggressiveness. miR‐26b directly targeted CDK14 and inhibited CDK14 expression. In vitro and in vivo, miR‐26b overexpression inhibited, and CDK14 overexpression promoted, cancer cell aggressiveness; CDK14 overexpression partially attenuated the miR‐26b overexpression effects on cancer cells. The effects of miR‐26b overexpression on tumor growth and the Wnt/β‐catenin/TCF4 signaling were partially reversed by CDK14 overexpression. TCF4 inhibited the expression of miR‐26b by targeting its promoter region.ConclusionsCDK14, β‐catenin, TCF4 and miR‐26b form a positive feedback regulation for modulating pancreatic cancer cell phenotypes in vitro and tumor growth in vivo.
Polymer–Protein Hybrid Network Involving Mucin: A Mineralized Biomimetic Template for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Barik Debyashreeta , Bejugam Pruthvi Raj , Nayak Chumki , Mohanty Khirabdhi Tanaya , Singha Achintya , Declercq Heidi A. , Dash Mamoni 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBiomimetic matrices offer a great advantage to understand several biological processes including regeneration. The study involves the development of a hybrid biomimetic scaffold and the uniqueness lies in the use of mucin, as a constituent protein. Through this study, the role of the protein in bone regeneration is deciphered through its development as a 3D model. As a first step towards understanding the protein, the interactions of mucin and collagen are determined by in silico studies considering that collagen is the most abundant protein in the bone microenvironment. Both proteins are reported to be involved in bone biology though the exact role of mucin is a topic of investigation. The in silico studies of collagen–mucin suggest to have a proper affinity toward each other, forming a strong basis for 3D scaffold development. The developed 3D scaffold is a double network system comprising of mucin and collagen and vinyl end functionalized polyethylene glycol. In situ deposition of mineral crystals has been performed enzymatically. Biological evaluation of these mineral deposited scaffolds is done in terms of their bone regeneration potential and a comparison of the two systems with and without mineral deposition is presented.
Topological Structure Design and Fabrication of Biocompatible PLA/TPU/ADM Mesh with Appropriate Elasticity for Hernia Repair
Authors: Hu Qingxi , Zhang Rennan , Zhang Haiguang , Yang Dongchao , Liu Suihong , Song Zhicheng , Gu Yan , Ramalingam Murugan 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThe meshes for hernia repair result in many problems that are related to complications including chronic pain and limited movement due to inadequate mechanical strength, non‐absorbability, or low elasticity. In this study, degradable polylactic acid (PLA), synthetic thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and acellular dermal matrix (ADM) powders are combined to prepare a novel PLA/TPU/ADM mesh with three different topological structures (square, circular, and diamond) by 3D printing. The physicochemical properties and structural characteristics of mesh are studied, the results show that the diamond structure mesh with the pore size of 3 mm has sufficient elasticity and tensile strength, which provides the efficient mechanical strength required for hernia repair (16 N cm−1) and the value more than polypropylene(PP) mesh. Besides, in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate human umbilical vein endothelial cells could successfully proliferate on the PLA/TPU/ADM mesh whose biocompatibility with the host is shown using a rat model of abdominal wall defect. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that the PLA/TPU/ADM mesh may be considered a good choice for hernia repair as its potential to overcome the elastic and strength challenges associated with a highly flexible abdominal wall, as well as its good biocompatibility.
Highly efficient flame‐retardant and transparent epoxy resin
Authors: Liu Zhong , Yu Zhao , Qiaolin Tang , Kaixin Zhang , Weihao Deng , Lewen Zhang , Rong Wang , Jin Chen , Jingjing Deng , Wang Liao , Qiwei Wang , Mingjun Chen , Zhiguo Liu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this study, a high effective phosphorus‐containing flame retardant (DOP‐DDM) was synthesized using phenylphosphonic dichloride, p‐hydroxybenzaldehyde, 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenan‐ threne‐10‐oxide (DOPO) and 4,4′‐diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM) as raw materials. The chemical structure of DOP‐DDM was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (31P NMR). The epoxy resin (EP) material with 4.7 wt% DOP‐DDM (EP‐4.7) can reach V‐0 degree in UL 94 test and has LOI value as high as 33.5%. If neat EP (EP‐0) material is used as a control, even if the loading of DOP‐DDM in the flame‐retarded EP material reached 7.6 wt%, the transmittance can reach 96.8% of EP‐0. From cone combustion (CC) test, the peak of heat release rate (pHRR), total heat release (THR) and total smoke release (TSR) values of EP‐4.7 material were decreased in comparison to those of EP‐0. Compared with EP‐0 material, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic thermo mechanical (DMA) results showed that the glass transition temperature of EP‐4.7 material slightly increased, and the storage modulus (E′) and loss modulus (E′′) increased 65.7% and 47.3%, respectively. The morphology and graphitization degree of residual char after CC test were measured by SEM and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. Concurrently, the gas components of EP‐4.7 material were well analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis FTIR. All these results demonstrated that the DOP‐DDM played a role in gas‐phase and condensed‐phase.
An integrated strategy for the establishment of a protoberberine alkaloid profile: Exploration of the differences in composition between Tinosporae radix and Fibraurea caulis
Authors: Zhao Xueyan , Zhang Yan , Wang Quansheng , Huang Jiaxin , She Bo , Shi Qingxin , Xiang Xingliang , Su Chao , Zhang Lijun , Huang Rongzeng , Song Chengwu 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIntroductionAccurate species and content identification of major active components in herbals are the guarantee of the safety and effectiveness for medical and commodity purposes.ObjectivesIn this study, an integrated strategy used to establish the protoberberine alkaloid profile was applied to explore the differences in composition between the pieces of Tinosporae radix and Fibraurea caulis, both of which had morphological similarities.Materials and methodsFirst, an in‐house library including possible protoberberine alkaloids based on different substituents was predicted by systematic literature survey. Meanwhile, diagnostic fragments of protoberberine alkaloids were investigated using the corresponding standards. Second, ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS) was used to obtain multidimensional mass spectral data. Then, the identifications were confirmed by targeted filter of the acquired data based on the library.ResultsAs a result, 10 protoberberine alkaloid molecules including 46 isomers were identified or characterised. The qualitative distribution and relative content of protoberberine alkaloids revealed the fundamental difference between Tinosporae radix and Fibraurea caulis. 25 alkaloids were present in both herbals, while five compounds were detected only in Tinosporae radix. Furthermore, the contents of four alkaloids in Tinosporae radix were significantly higher than those in its adulterant, Fibraurea caulis.ConclusionThe five unique ingredients in Tinosporae radix can be used as a better indicator for distinguishing the pieces of Tinosporae radix and Fibraurea caulis. The protoberberine alkaloid profile established in this study can be applied to quality evaluation of the two herbals or other herbals containing major protoberberine alkaloids.
Management of noncardiovascular comorbidities in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Gale Stormi E. , Mardis Andrew , Plazak Michael E. , Kukin Alina , Reed Brent N. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractPatients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction often have one or more noncardiovascular comorbidities. The presence of concomitant disease states is associated with worse outcomes, including increased risk of mortality, decreased quality of life, and increased healthcare resource utilization. Additionally, the presence of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction complicates the management of these comorbidities, including varying safety and efficacy of therapies compared to those without heart failure. This article will review the literature on the pharmacologic management of common noncardiovascular comorbidities—including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, depression, diabetes mellitus, gout, chronic kidney disease, and iron deficiency—in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, as well as provide recommendations for appropriate treatment selection in this population.
Analysis of the degradation of single‐crystalline silicon modules after 21 years of operation
Authors: Piliougine Michel , Oukaja Amal , Sánchez‐Friera Paula , Petrone Giovanni , Sánchez‐Pacheco Francisco José , Spagnuolo Giovanni , Sidrach‐de‐Cardona Mariano 
Published: April 2021

AbstractIn this paper, the results of the analysis of the degradation of a set of single‐crystalline silicon modules after 21 years are presented. The comparison of the main electrical parameters and the series and of the shunt resistances measured in 1996 and 2017 is performed, so that the annual degradation rate is evaluated. In addition, a detailed analysis of the parameter uncertainties has been performed in order to determine its impact on the results. A visual inspection of the modules has also been carried out in order to show the correlation with the variation of the electrical performance. Finally, the temperature coefficients of the degraded modules have been estimated and compared with the nominal ones. The results shown in the paper reveal that the mean annual degradation rate in terms of power is close to 0.9%.
Effectiveness of online communication skills training for cancer and palliative care health professionals: A systematic review
Authors: Berg Melissa N. , Ngune Irene , Schofield Penelope , Grech Lisa , Juraskova Ilona , Strasser Michelle , Butt Zoe , Halkett Georgia K.B. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the reported effect of online communication skills training (CST) on health professional (HP) communication skills and patient care outcomes in cancer and palliative care.MethodsPrimary research published in English between January 2003 and April 2019 was identified in bibliographic databases including Medline, Embase and Proquest (Prospero: CRD42018088681). An integrated mixed‐method approach included studies describing a CST intervention and its effect, for cancer or palliative care HPs, delivered online or blended with an online component. Included studies' outcomes were categorised then findings were stratified by an evaluation framework and synthesised in an effect direction plot. Risk of bias was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute's tools.ResultsNineteen included studies (five randomised controlled trials, 11 pre‐post, two post‐test and one qualitative study) evaluated a CST intervention (median duration = 3.75 h; range 0.66–96 h) involving 1116 HPs, 422 students and 732 patients. Most interventions taught communication skills for specific scenarios and approximately half were delivered solely online and did not involve role plays. Online CST improved HPs' self‐assessed communication skills (three studies, 215 participants), confidence (four studies, 533 participants), and objective knowledge (five studies, 753 participants). While few studies evaluated patient outcomes, CST may benefit observed communication skills in care settings (two studies, 595 participants).ConclusionsOnline CST benefits oncology HPs' subjectively‐reported communication skills and confidence, and objective knowledge. Translation to patient outcomes requires further investigation. The quality of research varied and few studies had a control group. We recommend improvements to study design, evaluation and implementation.
Subsurface phosphorus fluxes in a well‐drained forest soil are small and dominated by particulates
Authors: Henshaw Kalani , Bacon Allan , Cohen Matt , Vogel Jason , Judy Jonathan D. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractUnderstanding ecosystem P cycling and the various pathways by which P is transported is crucial for sustainable nutrient management. Colloid‐facilitated transport of P is a poorly understood subsurface P flux pathway that may be particularly important in ecosystems with coarse‐textured soils and minimal surface runoff. This study examines subsurface transport of dissolved (as defined as P <3 kDa) and particulate P in well‐drained forest soils of two coniferous (pine) sites and one deciduous (oak) site. Total, dissolved and particulate (>0.45 μm and >3 kDa) groundwater P fluxes were quantified, as well as surface total P fluxes via litterfall and litter leachate. Our central hypothesis is that particulate and/or colloid‐associated subsurface P flux exceeds that of dissolved P flux as a result of dissolved P sorption to mobile and stationary Fe‐ and Al‐rich solid phases present in the soil. Results show that dissolved P flux (<3 kDa) was below detection in groundwater samples from all study sites, with the P within groundwater being dominated by particulates >0.45 μm. Overall, P fluxes from subsurface P pools (soils, groundwater) at all sites were one to three orders of magnitude lower than surface P inputs from litterfall and litter leachate, suggesting a highly efficient system for P conservation with minimal P losses below the root zone.
Exponential calibration for correlation coefficient with additive distortion measurement errors
Authors: Zhang Jun , Xu Zhuoer 
Published: April 2021

AbstractThis paper studies the estimation of correlation coefficient between unobserved variables of interest. These unobservable variables are distorted in an additive fashion by an observed confounding variable. We propose a new identifiability condition by using the exponential calibration to obtain calibrated variables and propose a direct‐plug‐in estimator for the correlation coefficient. We show that the direct‐plug‐in estimator is asymptotically efficient. Next, we suggest an asymptotic normal approximation and an empirical likelihood‐based statistic to construct the confidence intervals. Last, we propose several test statistics for testing whether the true correlation coefficient is zero or not. The asymptotic properties of the proposed test statistics are examined. We conduct Monte Carlo simulation experiments to examine the performance of the proposed estimators and test statistics. These methods are applied to analyze a temperature forecast data set for an illustration.
Stem Cells for Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants: A Randomized Controlled Phase II Trial
Authors: Ahn So Yoon , Chang Yun Sil , Lee Myung Hee , Sung Se In , Lee Byong Sop , Kim Ki Soo , Kim Ai-Rhan , Park Won Soon 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
We previously demonstrated the safety and feasibility of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants in a phase I clinical trial. We thus investigated the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs for BPD in premature infants. A phase II double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on preterm infants at 23 to 28 gestational weeks (GW) receiving mechanical ventilator support with respiratory deterioration between postnatal days 5 and 14. Infants were stratified by 23 to 24 GW and 25 to 28 GW and randomly allocated (1:1) to receive stem cells (1 × 107 cells/kg, n = 33) or placebo (n = 33). Although the inflammatory cytokines in the tracheal aspirate fluid were significantly reduced with MSCs, the primary outcome of death or severe/moderate BPD in the control group (18/33, 55%) was not significantly improved with MSC transplantation (17/33, 52%). In the subgroup analysis, the secondary outcome of severe BPD was significantly improved from 53% (8/15) to 19% (3/16) with MSC transplantation in the 23 to 24 GW group but not in the 25 to 28 GW subgroup. In summary, although MSC transplantation might be safe and feasible, this small study was underpowered to detect its therapeutic efficacy in preterm infants at 23 to 28 GW. Accordingly, we are now conducting an additional larger and controlled phase II clinical trial focusing on infants at 23 to 24 GW (NCT03392467). ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01828957.
Phylogenomics of Brosimum (Moraceae) and allied genera, including a revised subgeneric system
Authors: Gardner Elliot M. , Audi Lauren , Zhang Qian , Sauquet Hervé , Monro Alexandre K. , Zerega Nyree J.C. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractWe present a phylogenomic study of Brosimum (Moraceae) and the allied genera Trymatococcus and Helianthostylis, with near‐complete taxon sampling. Distributed from Mexico and the Greater Antilles to the Amazon, this clade contains the underutilized crop ramón (bread nut) (Brosimum alicastrum) as well as other species valued for timber or medicinal uses. Target enrichment for 333 genes produced a well‐resolved phylogenetic tree and showed that Trymatococcus and Helianthostylis are nested within Brosimum. We present a revised subgeneric classification of Brosimum (19 spp.) based on phylogenetic and morphological considerations, including the reduction of Trymatococcus and Helianthostylis to subgenera. The monophyletic subgenera can be diagnosed based on stipule, pistillode, and cotyledon synapomorphies. Divergence date estimates suggest a Miocene origin for Brosimum, and ancestral area reconstruction indicated that all four subgenera originated and initially diversified in Amazonia before dispersing into other parts of South and Central America.
Congenital sensorineural deafness in Dogo Argentino dogs: Prevalence and phenotype associations
Authors: Strain George M. 
Published: April 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe Dogo Argentino dog breed is affected by hereditary congenital sensorineural deafness (CSD) associated with white pigmentation, but prevalence data and associations with phenotypes have not been reported.MethodsIn a retrospective study, animals were tested by the brainstem auditory evoked response, and phenotype data of sex, iris color, patch presence/absence and parent hearing status were collected. Chi‐square analyses were performed to identify associations between deafness and phenotype traits.ResultsBAER results and phenotype data were collected for 811 dogs. Hearing status was 74.23% bilaterally hearing, 20.35% unilaterally deaf and 5.43% bilaterally deaf or an overall prevalence of 25.77%. CSD was not associated with sex, but dogs without a patch had a significantly higher prevalence rate than patched dogs. Blue‐eyed dogs had higher prevalence rates than brown‐eyed dogs, but because of small sample size the χ2association was not considered valid. Insufficient numbers of dogs with a unilaterally deaf parent were present to assess the effects of parent hearing status.ConclusionApproximately one fourth of a US Dogo Argentino population was deaf in one or both ears, but dogs with a patch had a lower prevalence. Dogs with a blue eye were more likely to be deaf, but the association significance could not be reliably assessed.
Security in the Anthropocene
Authors: Trombetta Maria Julia 
Published: April 2021

AbstractEnvironmental issues, ranging from climate change to scarcity of resources and diminishing biodiversity, present a set of challenges that suggest that we are now living in the Anthropocene. Many of these issues are expressed in security terms, with a growing emphasis on energy, environmental and water security. Analytical frameworks and existing institutions become dysfunctional, and problems cannot be dealt with in the old ways. Security needs to be rethought. This chapter provides an overview of the attempts and the challenges to reconceptualize security in the Anthropocene. How does a growing awareness of complex relations involving humans, non-humans and things question the very subject of security? Whose security is at stake, against what threats, by what means? It engages with the challenges that environmental problems pose to the discipline of international relations, its ontological and epistemological foundations and its categories of analysis and to security studies more specifically.
The Schwarzian sector of higher spin CFTs
Authors: Datta Shouvik 
Published: April 2021

AbstractTwo-dimensional conformal field theories with Virasoro symmetry generically contain a Schwarzian sector. This sector is related to the near-horizon region of the near-extremal BTZ black hole in the holographic dual. In this work we generalize this picture to CFTs with higher spin conserved currents. It is shown that the partition function in the near-extremal limit agrees with that of BF higher spin gravity in AdS2which is described by a generalized Schwarzian theory. We also provide a spectral decomposition of Schwarzian partition functions via the$$ {\mathcal{W}}_N $$WNfusion kernel and consider supersymmetric generalizations.