bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of social entrepreneurship in socio-economic development: a meta-analysis of the nascent field
Authors: Ahmad Shabir , Bajwa Ishtiaq Ahmad 
Published: November 2021

Purpose
This study aims to present the first meta-analysis of the research on social entrepreneurship and socio-economic development (SESED). Nation-states, researchers and organizations realized the pivotal role of social entrepreneurship in socio-economic development in the recent two decades. The body of knowledge in this domain witnessed consistent research growth, but it still lacks a critical review to map the scholarly literature and to guide future researchers.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used meta-analysis that combines bibliometric and content analyzes of 83 most relevant articles from 910 initially retrieved articles from the Web of Science, published in 75 different journals and 45 countries during 2005 and 2020. The analysis was performed using Histcite, VOSviewer and Biblioshiny software to identify the most influential aspects and to conduct citation and content analyze of selected publications.

Findings
The findings showed an overall consistent growth in research publications during the past 16 years with “Social Entrepreneurship and Enterprise: International and Innovation Perspectives” as the most influential article, “Entrepreneurship and Regional Development” as the most influential journal, and the USA and the UK as the most productive countries. The keyword co-occurrence analysis exposed five thematic clusters and content analysis revealed five streams within the selected publications.

Practical implications
This study provides 10 research questions that urge future researchers to conduct a thorough investigation on how social entrepreneurship while solving social, cultural, environmental and community issues, contributes to socio-economic development.

Originality/value
This study identifies prominent trends, intellectual structure, leading research streams and specific future research directions in the field of SESED.
Water migration, texture and oral processing properties of semi‐waxy rice during retrogradation
Authors: Liu Guodong , Zhang Chao , Gao Hui , Zhang Hongcheng , Wei Haiyan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractSemi‐waxy rice, a low‐amylose content (8%–13%) rice variety, can resist retrogradation. It is becoming more and more popular and widely cultivated in East China where consumers prefer cooked rice with soft and tender texture. In this study, water migration, texture and oral processing properties of cooked rice during retrogradation were investigated in order to characterize semi‐waxy rice. The results confirmed that the water mobility and migration of semi‐waxy rice during retrogradation is weaker than that of waxy rice and stronger than that of nonwaxy rice. Simultaneously, the hardness of semi‐waxy rice was higher than that of waxy rice and lower than that of nonwaxy rice. The oral processing properties confirmed that freshly waxy rice was too adhesive and needed more work to breakdown slow breakdown structure (Type Ⅱ structure) compared to freshly semi‐waxy rice. Meanwhile, nonwaxy rice was too hard, and more work was needed to break both fast breakdown structure (Type I structure) and slow breakdown structure (Type Ⅱ structure). The oral processing properties confirmed that retrograded semi‐waxy rice generated more reducing sugar than retrograded waxy rice and nonwaxy rice. Thus, semi‐waxy rice can retard retrogradation, and the texture of cooked semi‐waxy rice is neither too adhesive as waxy rice nor too hard as nonwaxy rice.Practical ApplicationSemi‐waxy rice cultivars have been widely cultivated in East China and well accepted by the consumers. This study aims to characterize semi‐waxy rice and provide theoretical basis for semi‐waxy rice study.
Direct costs of hospital care of self‐harm: A national register‐based cohort study
Authors: Dyvesether Susanne Mahmood , Hastrup Lene Halling , Hawton Keith , Nordentoft Merete , Erlangsen Annette 
Published: November 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate national direct hospital costs associated with treatment of self‐harm and to analyse whether costs differ with respect to demographic and clinical characteristics.MethodsA cohort design was applied to register data on all people living in Denmark (5.8 million inhabitants) from Jan 1, 2012 to Dec 31, 2016. Self‐harm presentations at all hospitals by persons aged 10 years and older were included. Total costs and costs related to somatic and psychiatric care and treatment setting (inpatient, emergency department and outpatient) were calculated (in US dollars). The association between specific characteristics and somatic inpatient costs was analysed adjusted using generalized linear models and expressed as Odds Ratios (OR).ResultsIn all, 42,634 (97.3%) self‐harm presentations by 30,366 persons were included. Annual somatic and psychiatric costs amounted to $25,241,518 and $34,696,388, respectively, and the median cost per episode was $2248 (IQR: $1553–$4138). Predictors of high somatic inpatient costs were: admission to intensive care (OR = 15.6; 95% CI, 13.7–17.9), particularly dangerous methods of self‐harm, such as being hit by moving objects (OR = 6.5; 95% CI, 2.7–15.7) and shooting (OR = 6.0; 95% CI, 3.4–10.7), and age ≥75 years (OR = 1.8; 95% CI, 1.5–2.2). A small group of persons (0.7%) with ≥10 presentations accounted for 8.2% of somatic and 15.3% of total hospital costs.ConclusionSubstantial hospital costs were noted for inpatient treatment. Although one‐time presenters accounted for the major share of costs, smaller patient groups accounted for considerable shares. Hospital costs of self‐harm should be included in evaluation of initiatives for prevention and treatment.
20‐hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20‐HETE) is a pivotal endogenous ligand for TRPV1‐mediated neurogenic inflammation in the skin
Authors: Hamers Alexander , Primus Christopher P. , Whitear Charlotte , Kumar Nitin Ajit , Masucci Michael , Montalvo Moreira Shanik A. , Rathod Krishnaraj , Chen Jianmin , Bubb Kristen , Colas Romain , Khambata Rayomand S. , Dalli Jesmond , Ahluwalia Amrita 
Published: November 2021

Background and PurposeTransient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) is localized to sensory C‐fibres and its opening leads to membrane depolarization, resulting in neuropeptide release and neurogenic inflammation. However, the identity of the endogenous activator of TRPV1 in this setting is unknown. The arachidonic acid metabolites 12‐hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoyl acid (12‐HpETE) and 20‐hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20‐HETE) have emerged as potential endogenous activators of TRPV1. However, whether these lipids underlie TRPV1‐mediated neurogenic inflammation remains unknown.Experimental ApproachWe analysed human cantharidin‐induced blister samples and inflammatory responses in TRPV1 transgenic mice.Key ResultsIn a human cantharidin‐blister model, the potent TRPV1 activators 20‐HETE but not 12‐HETE (stable metabolite of 12‐HpETE) correlated with arachidonic acid levels. Similarly, in mice, levels of 20‐HETE (but not 12‐HETE) and arachidonic acid were strongly positively correlated within the inflammatory milieu. Furthermore, LPS‐induced oedema formation and neutrophil recruitment were substantially and significantly attenuated by pharmacological block or genetic deletion of TRPV1 channels, inhibition of 20‐HETE formation or SP receptor neurokinin 1 (NK1) blockade. LPS treatment also increased cytochrome P450 ω‐hydroxylase gene expression, the enzyme responsible for 20‐HETE production.Conclusion and ImplicationsTaken together, our findings suggest that endogenously generated 20‐HETE activates TRPV1 causing C‐fibre activation and consequent oedema formation. These findings identify a novel pathway that may be useful in the therapeutics of diseases/conditions characterized by a prominent neurogenic inflammation, as in several skin diseases.
Defence intelligence and the Crown prerogative in Canada
Authors: Lagassé Philippe 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article examines the role of the Crown prerogative in the intelligence activities of the Department of National Defence and Canadian Armed Forces. Defined as the legal authorities of the Crown as recognized by common law, the prerogative was at the centre of two reports by Canada’s National Security and Intelligence Committee of Parliamentarians (NSICOP). These reports questioned the prerogative as a source of authority for defence intelligence and argued for its displacement by parliamentary statute. This article critiques NSICOP’s findings about the prerogative, notably regarding its continuing relevance and the comparisons that were drawn between defence intelligence and Canada's civilian intelligence services. In addition, the article argues that the prerogative is democratically legitimate, being subject to parliamentary limitation and scrutiny, and to judicial review when appropriate. The article concludes that expanding the scope and authorities of defence intelligence is the strongest rationale for displacing the prerogative.
Young carers, mental health and psychosocial wellbeing: A realist synthesis
Authors: Janes Ed , Forrester Donald , Reed Hayley , Melendez‐Torres G. J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGrowing evidence demonstrates that the mental and psychosocial health impacts of caring vary significantly for individual children, depending on who they are, the person that they care for, their responsibilities and the wider family situation. Although individual studies have made progress in identifying the range of impacts, there is a lack of clarity around which impacts affect who and in what circumstances. This synthesis, based on RAMESES realist protocols, aims to increase clarity concerning how and why the mental and psychosocial health impacts of caring for a family member vary for different children. There were 12 391 unique search results screened at title, abstract and full‐paper levels. Forty‐four retained studies were analysed, resulting in the development of a model with 17 context‐mechanism‐outcome configurations. The model divides the configurations into three interlinking domains. The caregiving responsibilities domain considers how the impacts of caring vary with the circumstances of the individual young carer, the person they care for and their family. The identity domain details the development of a caring identity that potentially mitigates the negative effects of caring and enables positive benefits. The support domain concerns the support provided from family, community and services that, depending on quality, can mitigate or exacerbate the impacts of caring. Support also moderates the care identity by affecting self‐perception of the caring role. The model has the potential to inform the development of interventions that target particular mechanisms to enable positive change for young carers. This potential can be enhanced by further research to test the model, with a focus on refining configurations where less evidence is available. There is a particular need to focus on identification which is under‐represented in the model as both a mechanism and a contextual factor due to unidentified young carers being largely absent from past research.
Language Signaling High Proportions and Generics Lead to Generalizing, but Not Essentializing, for Novel Social Kinds
Authors: Hoicka Elena , Saul Jennifer , Prouten Eloise , Whitehead Laura , Sterken Rachel 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGenerics (e.g., “Dogs bark”) are thought by many to lead to essentializing: to assuming that members of the same category share an internal property that causally grounds shared behaviors and traits, even without evidence of such a shared property. Similarly, generics are thought to increase generalizing, that is, attributing properties to other members of the same group given evidence that some members of the group have the property. However, it is not clear from past research what underlies the capacity of generic language to increase essentializing and generalizing. Is it specific to generics, or are there broader mechanisms at work, such as the fact that generics are terms that signal high proportions? Study 1 (100 5–6 year‐olds, 140 adults) found that neither generics, nor high‐proportion quantifiers (“most,” “many”) elicited essentializing about a novel social kind (Zarpies). However, both generics and high‐proportion quantifiers led adults and, to a lesser extent, children, to generalize, with high‐proportion quantifiers doing so more than generics for adults. Specifics (“this”) did not protect against either essentializing or generalizing when compared to the quantifier “some.” Study 2 (100 5–6 year‐olds, 112 adults) found that neither generics nor visual imagery signaling high proportions led to essentializing. While generics increased generalizing compared to specifics and visual imagery signaling both low and high proportions for adults, there was no difference in generalizing for children. Our findings suggest high‐proportion quantifiers, including generics, lead adults, and to some extent children, to generalize, but not essentialize, about novel social kinds.
Female representation on boards and corporate ethical behavior in Latin American companies
Authors: Briano‐Turrent Guadalupe del Carmen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractResearch Question/IssueBased on the resource dependence theory and the ethics of care theory, this study aims to analyze whether female representation on boards enhances corporate ethics performance in listed companies.Research Findings/InsightsUsing a study sample composed of 1285 company‐year observations from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Mexico during the 2004–2014 period, empirical results reveal a positive effect of female representation in boardrooms over the board's ethical functioning, the conflicts of interest transparency index, the creation of ethics codes, and the adoption of a stakeholder orientation. Moreover, the research evidences a greater effect in some ethical dimensions when women on the board make up a critical mass of three women.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsThis paper motivates the ethical side of corporate governance in a setting where women's rates on top positions are low, corruption and bribery are high, and cultural environment inhibits gender parity in terms of reaching higher positions in an organization. It can be specifically deduced that a higher female representation as board members may have an essential role in establishing and advocating a business ethics culture.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsFor boards, having more female directors can enhance corporate ethical practices. For practitioners and regulators, this study shows that female directors tend to be more ethically responsible, emphasizing the necessity of mitigating gender imbalance on corporate boards.
Deficient neural encoding of speech sounds in term neonates born after fetal growth restriction
Authors: Ribas‐Prats Teresa , Arenillas‐Alcón Sonia , Lip‐Sosa Diana Lucia , Costa‐Faidella Jordi , Mazarico Edurne , Gómez‐Roig María Dolores , Escera Carles 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInfants born after fetal growth restriction (FGR)—an obstetric condition defined as the failure to achieve the genetic growth potential—are prone to neurodevelopmental delays, with language being one of the major affected areas. Yet, while verbal comprehension and expressive language impairments have been observed in FGR infants, children and even adults, specific related impairments at birth, such as in the ability to encode the sounds of speech, necessary for language acquisition, remain to be disclosed. Here, we used the frequency‐following response (FFR), a brain potential correlate of the neural phase locking to complex auditory stimuli, to explore the encoding of speech sounds in FGR neonates. Fifty‐three neonates born with FGR and 48 controls born with weight adequate‐for‐gestational age (AGA) were recruited. The FFR was recorded to the consonant‐vowel stimulus (/da/) during sleep and quantified as the spectral amplitude to the fundamental frequency of the syllable and its signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). The outcome was available in 45 AGA and 51 FGR neonates, yielding no differences for spectral amplitudes. However, SNR was strongly attenuated in the FGR group compared to the AGA group at the vowel region of the stimulus. These findings suggest that FGR population present a deficit in the neural pitch tracking of speech sounds already present at birth. Our results pave the way for future research on the potential clinical use of the FFR in this population, so that if confirmed, a disrupted FFR recorded at birth may help deriving FGR neonates at risk for postnatal follow‐ups.
Atlantic salmon in regulated rivers: Understanding river management through the ecosystem services lens
Authors: Watz Johan , Aldvén David , Andreasson Patrik , Aziz Khadija , Blixt Marco , Calles Olle , Lund Bjørnås Kristine , Olsson Ivan , Österling Martin , Stålhammar Sanna , Tielman Johan , Piccolo John J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractKnown as the “king of fishes,” the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, Salmonidae) is an iconic freshwater species whose contribution to human well‐being has long been recognized, as have widespread declines in its abundance, partly due to river regulation. To understand how salmon conservation has been addressed within the ecosystem services (ES) framework, we synthesized the peer‐reviewed literature on ES provided by salmon in regulated rivers. We developed a search string to capture allusions to provisioning, regulating, supporting and cultural ES and assessed the results to identify knowledge gaps. The effects of hydropower on fisheries catches and on modelled populations were shown in several publications. Overall, few studies focused explicitly on ES from salmon and hydropower; this is surprising given the considerable body of literature on salmon in regulated rivers. Wild salmon as a food source and other provisioning services are less important today than historically. Because predators such as salmon are important for facilitating biodiversity by cycling nutrients and controlling food webs, there is a scope of work for future assessments of these regulating and supporting services. Few papers explicitly addressed cultural ES, despite the salmon's longstanding iconic status; this is a knowledge gap for future ES assessments in relation to hydropower. The influence of ES assessments for policy makers is growing through the Intergovernmental Panel for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) and the post‐2020 biodiversity strategy. Explicitly addressing ES poses an opportunity for river managers to raise awareness of aquatic conservation efforts and well‐informed decision‐making for sustaining ES.
Structural and chemical analysis of resistant starch effected by pre‐treatments, cooking methods, reheating and storage condition in parboiled germinated brown rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: Srichamnong Warangkana , Lasukhang Wararat 
Published: November 2021

SummaryResistant starch (RS) content could be altered by the processing method, including pre‐treatment, cooking method and storage conditions. This study determined the influence of RS formation in white rice (WR), brown rice (BR) and parboiled germinated brown rice (PGBR) as affected by various pre‐treatment and processing conditions. This is the first report to chemically and structurally analyse WR, BR and PGBR of the same rice variety using X‐ray diffraction, DSC and SEM. The results showed that the PGBR prepared by a non‐soaking process cooked with steaming and stored cold contained RS content (92.1 mg/g, wet basis) followed by BR processed by soaking, steamed and then stored cold (91.8 mg/g, wet basis). The formation of RS3 as not affected by the parboiling and germination process compared to WR and BR. Reheating reduced resistant starch content by changing the RS structure conformation from crystalline to amorphous under higher temperatures. Moreover, the scanning electron microscope revealed that WR, BR and PGBR of the same rice variety show similar starch granule and microstructure patterns but slightly different in thermal conductivity value.
Functionality of different probiotic strains embedded in citrus pectin based edible films
Authors: Nisar Tanzeela , Alim Aamina , Iqbal Taimoor , Iqbal Muneeb , Tehseen Saima , Zi‐Chao Wang , Guo Yurong 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThe inclusion of probiotics into the packaging films has emerged as a novel approach to provide edible packaging with new functionalities. In this study, probiotic films were developed by embedding four different probiotics (Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus) into citrus pectin films and their viability was checked at 25 and 4 °C for 30 days. A reduction of 0.44, 1.04, 0.32, and 1.0 log CFU g−1 was observed in probiotic films containing L. casei, B. bifidum, L. acidzophilus, and L. rhamnosus respectively during drying process of film’s formation. The viability of all probiotics (except B. bifidum) was decreased from 109 to 106 CFU g−1 in 30 days storage at 25 °C. Whereas, only 2 log reduction was observed for films stored at 4 °C during 30 days. The physical and optical properties of the films were affected slightly by inclusion of bacterial cells. The presence of live cells in films made them less resistant to elongation and less stretchable. All bacterial films inhibited the growth of L. monocytogenes by 1.5 logs compared to control. The results suggest the entrapment of probiotics in pectin can be used as an effective packaging technology for ensuring food safety.
Germination improves the functional properties of soybean and enhances soymilk quality
Authors: Hu Miao , Du Xiaoqian , Liu Guannan , Zhang Shuang , Wu Haibo , Li Yang 
Published: November 2021

SummaryThe effects of soybean variety and germination time on structural changes, antinutritional factor content, antioxidant activity of germinated soybean, and on the functional properties of soymilk were comprehensively investigated. The results showed that the antioxidant activity increased with increasing germination time. The content of antinutritional factors decreased with increasing germination time. Soybean varieties with the lowest tannin and trypsin inhibitor content were DN690 and HJ1. Lipoxygenase activity and phytic acid content showed no significant differences among soybean varieties. The content of α‐helices and β‐turns in soybean protein decreased with increasing germination time, while the content of β‐sheets was increased. Soybean protein was progressively broken down into smaller molecular peptides during the germination process. The digestion and content of soluble protein in soymilk increased with germination. In summary, we show that germination is an effective, cheap, and green method that improves the functional properties of soybean and soymilk.