bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative methods used to evaluate impact of health promotion interventions to prevent HIV infections: a methodological systematic review protocol
Authors: Ravalihasy Andrainolo , Kardas-Sloma Lidia , Yazdanpanah Yazdan , Ridde Valéry 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background

Combination prevention is currently considered the best approach to combat HIV epidemic. It is based upon the combination of structural, behavioral and biomedical interventions. Such interventions are frequently implemented in a health promoting manner due to their aims, the approach that was adopted and their complexity. The impact evaluation of these interventions often relies on methods inherited from the biomedical field. However, these methods have limitations and should be adapted to be relevant for these complex interventions. This systematic review aims to map the evidence-based methods used to quantify the impact of these interventions and analyze how these methods are implemented.
Methods

Three databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed) will be used to identify impact evaluation studies of health promotion interventions that aimed at reducing the incidence or prevalence of HIV infection. Only studies based on quantitative design assessing intervention impact on HIV prevalence or incidence will be included. Two reviewers will independently screen studies based on titles and abstracts and then on the full text. The information about study characteristics will be extracted to understand the context in which the interventions are implemented. The information specific to quantitative methods of impact evaluation will be extracted using items from the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT), the guidelines for reporting Statistical Analyses and Methods in the Published Literature (SAMPL) and the guidelines for Strengthening The Reporting of Empirical Simulation Studies (STRESS). This review will be conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.
Discussion

The impact evaluation of HIV prevention interventions is a matter of substantial importance given the growing need for evidence of the effectiveness of these interventions whereas they are increasingly complex. These evaluations allow to identify the most effective strategies to be implemented to fight the epidemic. It is therefore relevant to map the methods to better implement them and adapt them according to the type of intervention to be evaluated.
Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42020210825
Toxicity Outcome Using Bladder-Rectum Spacer Balloon Versus Vaginal Gauze Packing in Brachytherapy in Cervical Cancer.
Authors: Ballari Nagarjun , Rana Sakshi , Rai Bhavana , Gowda Srinivasa , Bhargavan Suja , P Raghukumar , Santhosh Abi , Ghoshal Sushmita 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
BACKGROUNDTo compare the clinical impact in terms of toxicity outcomes with RayshieldTM bladder rectum spacer balloon (BRSB) versus vaginal gauze packing (VGP) in patients treated with high dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy for carcinoma cervix.RESULTSFollow-up and dosimetric data of patients in whom BRSB and VGP were used in a previously reported randomized study were retrieved, 8. Out of 80 patients analysed, late toxicities assessment (according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0 (CTCAE v4). was possible in 65 patients as 14 patients were lost to follow-up and one patient died. Grade 2 bladder toxicity was observed in 2 patients in each arm. Only 1 patient in VGP arm experienced grade 3 proctitis while none of the patient in BRSB arm had ³Grade 2 rectal toxicity. Vaginal toxicity was comparable in both the arms.CONCLUSION No significant difference was observed in bladder and rectal toxicities using the BRSB versus VGP. BRSB can be considered as an alternative to VGP in intracavitary brachytherapy for cervical cancer using tandem- ovoid applicatorsThe study was approved by the institute ethics committee and registered under Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2009/091/000840).
Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery as a Successful Approach for Reducing Doxorubicin–Induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Pourradi Nasibeh Mohammad Ali , Azarmi Yadollah , Babaei Hossien , Baradaran Behzad , Shokouhi-Gogani Behrooz , Abbasnejad Zahra , Hamishehkar Hamed 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective chemotherapy drug used to treat many malignancies, including breast cancer. However, its clinical application is severely limited by cardiotoxicity. This study investigated if using thermo/pHsensitive magnetic nanoparticles decorated with folate (folate-poly-MNPs) as tumor-targeted drug delivery systems (DDSs) could reduce the cardiotoxicity and inflammatory properties of DOX in a rat model of breast cancer. In this study, forty rats were intravenously administered the control, DOX, DOX-poly-MNPs, and DOXfolate-poly-MNPs every 48 hours for 12 days. The cardiac health monitoring following breast cancer therapy confirmed that the novel smart DDS improved ECG pattern, left ventricular function, blood pressure parameters, and heart weight index. Moreover, it could decrease myocardial cell death by decreasing the protein levels of BAX, c-PARP1, and c-caspase-3, with concomitant downregulation of the BAX/Bcl-2 ratio, compared to the commercial DOX. In addition, the DOXfolate-poly-MNPs treatment significantly reduced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in cardiomyocytes, which was mediated by caspase-1 inhibition, and suppressed upregulation of IL-1β and IL18 protein expression to prevent myocardial damage. In this regard, the developed folatepolyMNPs could be represented as a new potential drug delivery system for breast cancer chemotherapy due to the combination of passive and active targeting aimed at preventing nonspecific body distribution, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and consequently reducing DOX cardiotoxicity as its main adverse effect.
Clinical Features and Treatment Response to Differentiate Idiopathic Peritonitis From Non-strangulating Intestinal Infarction Associated With Strongylus Vulgaris Infection in the Horse
Authors: Hedberg-Alm Ylva , Tydén Eva , Tamminen Lena-Mari , Lindström Lisa , Anlén Karin , Svensson Maria , Riihimäki Miia 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background: Peritonitis in horses secondary to non-strangulating infarction (NSII) has a grave prognosis, even after intestinal resection. In contrast, horses with idiopathic peritonitis respond well to medical treatment. Affected horses in both cases often show signs of both colic and systemic inflammation, but early diagnosis is crucial for optimal treatment and an accurate prognosis. One cause of NSII is thrombus formation secondary to Strongylus vulgaris larval migration. There has been a documented increase in S. vulgaris prevalence in Sweden since the implementation of selective anthelmintic treatment in 2007, which subsequently could result in a rise in NSII cases. In a retrospective clinical study, medical records from cases diagnosed with NSII or idiopathic peritonitis from three equine referral hospitals in Sweden during 2017-2020 were reviewed. Information including demographic data, relevant medical history, and clinical- and laboratory parameters were obtained from patient records. To facilitate the differentiation between cases of idiopathic peritonitis and cases with confirmed NSII, the aim of the study was to compare clinical and laboratory parameters, clinical progression and initial response to antimicrobial treatment as well as survival-rates.Results: Horses with NSII (n = 20) were significantly more likely to present during the winter months with a poorer response to medical treatment within 48 hours. Cases of idiopathic peritonitis (n = 115) had a 99.1 % survival rate with medical treatment. In comparison, all confirmed NSII cases were non-responsive to antimicrobial treatment and had a low survival rate (25%) with surgical treatment. Specific rectal findings and peripheral blood neutropenia were strongly associated with NSII. Conclusions: In Sweden, idiopathic peritonitis cases still predominate over S. vulgaris associated NSII cases and have an excellent survival rate with antimicrobial treatment. However, horses presenting with septic peritonitis during the winter months with a palpable rectal mass and continuing fever and colic signs beyond 48 hours of medical treatment are likely to suffer from NSII and should be considered for abdominal surgery.
Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Metastatic Epstein-Barr Virus Associated Gastric Cancer (EBVaGC): A Case Series and Review of Literature
Authors: Liang Shimeng , Leng Weibing , Jiang Dan , Liu Ming , Cao Dan , Zhu Qing , Wang Yongsheng , Qiu Meng 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of malignant tumors. However, limited clinical data are available to report the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) on Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma.
Methods
In this study, we report a case series of five patients with metastatic Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma who were treated with ICIs and to perform a pooled analysis of published cases to investigate the efficacy of ICIs in Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma patients.
Results
Between 2018 and 2020, five metastatic gastric cancer patients with EBV positivity who received PD-1 antibodies treatment were included in the analysis at the authors’ institution. Furthermore, we performed a pooled analysis of the contemporary literature. In our case series, two patients experienced partial response (PR); one patient achieved complete response (CR), whereas two patients had progression disease (PD), resulting an ORR of 60%. In the pooled analysis of all 36 patients, ORR was 48.6% (17/35). For the first line and later lines, it was 75% (3/4) and 45.2% (14/31) respectively. The ORR was 46.7% (14/30) for ICIs monotherapy and improved to 60% (3/5) by combination with chemotherapy.
Conclusions
These results demonstrated that an EBV-positive status was a reliable biomarker for immunotherapy in metastatic gastric cancer, especially for monotherapy. Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy may be a better strategy, warranting further large-scale clinical trials for validation.
Online Measurement of the Elastic Recovery Value of Machined Surface in Milling Titanium Alloy
Authors: Huang Panling , Zhou Jun , Xu Liang 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
In the machining of titanium alloy, the elastic recovery of the machined surface will cause strong friction between the tool flank and the workpiece surface, which will result in the tool wear and the poor machined surface. This paper designed a new online measuring system to monitor the elastic recovery behavior of Ti6Al4V alloy in dry milling based on the digital image correlation (DIC). DIC measurement principle were analyzed and the orthogonal milling experiments were carried out under different cutting conditions. Because of the complexity of metal cutting environment such as high temperature and chip splash, and the micro scale of elastic recovery of metal machined surface materials, DIC non-contact sensor was designed to measure the deformation of machined surface materials in titanium alloy milling. The displacement data obtained from the experiment were analyzed, and the calculation method of the elastic recovery value of the machined surface was obtained. The measured data were compared with those in other literature. The focus of this paper is to explore the availability of DIC measuring instrument for measurement of elastic recovery in titanium alloy milling. This method can be extended to the measurement of machining of other difficult machining materials.
Healthcare Providers’ Perspectives of the Supportive Care Needs of Women with Advanced Breast Cancer in Ghana
Authors: Akuoko Cynthia Pomaa , Chambers Shirley , Yates Patsy 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
PurposeThe study sought to understand the supportive care needs of women with advanced breast cancer (ABC) from the perspectives of healthcare professionals (HCPs) and key informants of charitable/non-governmental organisations (NGOs), that provide supportive care services to women with advanced breast cancer, in Ghana.MethodsA qualitative descriptive approach was employed via one-to-one semi-structured interviews with 13 HCPs and key informants of charitable/NGOs in Ghana that provide supportive care services to women with advanced breast cancer. The study was underpinned by Bradshaw’s taxonomy of social needs and Fitch’s supportive care framework. The data were analysed using a deductive content analysis approach.ResultsHealthcare providers and key informants perceived that women with ABC in Ghana have numerous and complex supportive care needs in key areas that align with Fitch’s supportive care framework, including informational, psychological, emotional, physical, practical, social, sexuality and spiritual needs.ConclusionParticipants perceived that women who have ABC in Ghana require ongoing information about their condition, treatments and related effects, as well as spiritual support and guidance particularly due to the fatalistic beliefs they often associate with the condition. Tailored supportive care interventions and services, which address the unique sociocultural circumstances for this cohort, are required. Additional research is needed to explore how multidisciplinary teams can work collaboratively to provide comprehensive support to women in addressing their needs.
Thomas Knaus im Gespräch mit Jörg Keßler
Authors: Knaus Thomas 
Published: November 2021

Es wird Herbst in Ludwigsburg: Drei (pandemiebedingte) Onlinesemester liegen hinter uns und die Blätter im benachbarten Favoritepark färben sich bereits, als sich Prof. Dr. Jörg-U. Keßler (Professor für Englische Sprache und ihre Didaktik) und Prof. Dr. Thomas Knaus (Professor für Erziehungswissenschaft, Leiter der Abt. Medienpädagogik und Herausgeber der LBzM) treffen.
Jörg Keßler ist seit 2018 Prorektor für Forschung und Internationales der PH Ludwigsburg sowie (gemeinsam mit Prof. Dr. Christine Sälzer, Uni Stuttgart) einer der beiden Direktor*innen der Professional School of Education Stuttgart-Ludwigsburg (PSE); er wurde außerdem im Sommer zum Nachfolger von Prof. Dr. Martin Fix, dem aktuellen Rektor der PH Ludwigsburg, gewählt.
Seepage metal concentrations beneath long-term operated bioretention systems
Authors: Reck Arne , Thalmann Mogens , Paton Eva , Kluge Björn 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Bioretention systems maintain the natural water cycle and help to mitigate climatic extremes impact on urban areas by retarding, storing, and evaporating stormwater runoff. Although bioretention systems have been operated for more than 25 years, systematic investigations on the hydrological functionality and pollutant retention performance of older systems are rare. We employed laboratory and field experiments to investigate three long-term operated bioretention systems in Germany with the following objectives: (i) physico-chemical substrate characterisation; (ii) an event-based influent and effluent trace metal concentration monitoring covering 22 months and (iii) the calculation of metal retention rates. Regarding the pollution status, we found significantly increased trace metal contents in the soil substrate mainly as a function of the drainage area type and the inflow regime. Nonetheless, all measured metal seepage concentrations fall below the German legislative trigger values. Our current findings demonstrate no risk of groundwater degradation even for old bioretention systems suggesting bioretention as a powerful and sustainable tool for stormwater management. Further research requires the handling of soil substrates modified by stormwater infiltration showing enhanced trace metal contents and a certain amount of technogenic sediments.
A JUVENTUDE BRASILEIRA E A EDUCAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL: UM ESTUDO ACERCA DA GARANTIA À EDUCAÇÃO COMO PREPARAÇÃO PARA O TRABALHO
Authors: Souza Adriana Aparecida 
Published: November 2021

Propõe-se, nesta pesquisa, desenvolver um estudo exploratório acerca dos jovens brasileiros em articulação com a educação profissional com vistas a compreender como o Estado brasileiro atende o direito à educação e ao trabalho. Parte-se dos seguintes questionamentos: Sendo a educação e o trabalho direitos constitucionais, como o Estado brasileiro vem atendendo esses direitos em relação aos jovens de 14 a 29? A educação profissional tem alcançado os jovens das camadas populares? Como vem ocorrendo esse atendimento no século XXI? O que indicam os dados oficiais sobre essas questões? Reconhece-se que o Estatuto da Juventude, instituído pela Lei nº 12.852/2013, entende jovens com idade entre 18 e 29 anos, neste documento também dispõe quais são os direitos dos jovens informando as garantias já previstas pela Constituição, quais são as especificidades da juventude que precisam ser afirmadas. Contudo, observa-se que as políticas públicas não têm atendido às demandas dos jovens por Educação profissional. Como metodologia adota-se uma abordagem materialista-dialética no sentido de análise da realidade por meio de: pesquisa bibliográfica acerca dos fundamentos da Educação profissional oferecida no Brasil, análise de instrumentos jurídicos/legais tais como: o texto Constitucional atual, o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação, as Consolidações das Leis do Trabalho, na busca de evidenciar os marcos legais das principais políticas públicas voltadas à garantia dos direitos à educação e ao trabalho, bem como a análise dos indicadores oficiais sobre Educação profissional nas bases de dados do Estado brasileiro em domínio público, para subsidiar a exposição com argumentos da realidade estudada. Trata-se, portanto, de um estudo quali-quantitativo de base legal com fundamentos histórico-críticos que se alicerçará em indicadores que mostrarão a garantia ou não da educação como preparação para o trabalho.
Palavras-chave: Educação Profissional. Juventude. Políticas Públicas.
As rádios de São Francisco do Sul (SC), a educação em turismo, o patrimônio histórico edificado e o turismo cultural
Authors: Rossini Diva de Melo , Barros Andrea Lima 
Published: November 2021

Este trabalho apresenta, além do referencial teórico construído, dados que foram coletados junto a radialistas e um historiador e pesquisador. Vale ressaltar que, na cidade, a população de profissionais que trabalham junto às rádios e instituições culturais é maior do que o número de entrevistados, pois os respondentes participaram voluntariamente desta investigação. Foram aplicados questionários compostos por perguntas fechadas, cujas respostas foram formatadas para que seguissem o esquema proposto por Likert. Inicialmente, a análise realizada foi quantitativa e posteriormente qualitativa. O resultado obtido foi de que apesar da cidade de São Francisco do Sul (SC) possuir um patrimônio cultural edificado significativo, tombando pelo IPHAN (Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional), as rádios não abordam, em sua programação, temas relativos à educação patrimonial, nem tampouco a relevância do patrimônio turístico cultural existente.
Turismo rural: perspectivas teóricas e agenda de pesquisa
Authors: Bagega Cristian , Werlang Nathalia Berger 
Published: November 2021

O presente estudo tem por objetivo realizar uma pesquisa e mapeamento bibliométrico das publicações sobre Turismo Rural, com o propósito de apresentar dados e indicadores a respeito do tema. A metodologia aplicada para desenvolver a pesquisa foi qualitativa, descritiva, exploratória e análise de conteúdo. A análise dos 59 artigos publicados sobre o Turismo Rural, localizados na base de dados do site Spell, em março de 2017, proporcionou os seguintes resultados: a maioria dos estudos utilizou método qualitativo; os artigos, em sua maior parte, foram elaborados por dois ou três autores; a grande maioria dos autores possui somente uma publicação na área; a Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) e a Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) são as IES de destaque na produção científica sobre o Turismo Rural; os artigos da amostra foram produzidos em maior número no ano de 2011; a Revista Rosa dos Ventos – Turismo e Hospitalidade – é o periódico que se destaca entre as publicações sobre a matéria; a complementação de renda é o tema mais relacionado com o Turismo Rural. Por conta desta pesquisa, tornou-se possível verificar que os estudos científicos sobre Turismo Rural no Brasil são recentes e, por essa razão, não existem muitos trabalhos a respeito; todavia, o desenvolvimento de propriedades rurais por meio do turismo constitui-se um campo muito vasto e crescente. Este estudo visa auxiliar futuras pesquisas, estimulando o debate sobre o tema, em regiões que buscam o desenvolvimento de atividades turísticas.
Exercise and Mitochondrial Function: Importance and Inference-
A Mini Review
Authors: Vaishali K.  , Kumar Nitesh , Rao Vanishree , Kovela Rakesh Krishna , Sinha Mukesh Kumar 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
Skeletal muscles must generate and distribute energy properly in order to
function perfectly. Mitochondria in skeletal muscle cells form vast networks to meet this
need, and their functions may improve as a result of exercise. In the present review, we
discussed exercise-induced mitochondrial adaptations, age-related mitochondrial
decline, and a biomarker as a mitochondrial function indicator and exercise interference.
Bacteriophages: A Possible Choice for Treatment of Viral Respiratory
Infections and COVID-19
Authors: Abbaszadeh Faezeh , Eslami Narges , Aghbash Parisa Shiri , Leylabadlo Hamed Ebrahimzadeh , Baghi Hossein Bannazadeh 
Published: November 2021

Abstract:
Viral respiratory infections are a leading cause of illness and mortality in all age groups
worldwide. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes Coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread throughout the world, igniting the twenty-first century’s
deadliest pandemic. Research has shown that phages, which are bacterial viruses, can help
treat viral infections with the effect on the immune system and their antiviral activity. Phages have
specific activity and affect only the target without any side effects on other parts of the human
body. Human phage-related diseases have not been reported yet; therefore, phages can be a very
safe treatment, especially in many viral infections. The results of clinical studies have a promising
future regarding the use of phages. It is possible that the phages display technique aided in the production
of SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies against its viral protein, which prevented the virus
from binding or replicating and preventing secondary microbial infections, which have been linked
to many patient deaths. Furthermore, an effective antiviral vaccine can be produced by using the
same technique. Given the growing number of coronaviruses cases around the world, in the present
paper, we review the possible mechanisms of phages against the COVID-19 disease and the
method that may be a solution to eliminate the virus.