bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential risk analysis and experience summarization of unstable factors of cranial fixation devices in neurosurgical operations: three-case reports and systematic review
Authors: Cheng Gaopeng , Hao Shuyu , Ye Zhifen , Wang Bao , Huangpu Bin , Zhang Pengfei , Wang Hao , Hao Qiang 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
The use of cranial fixation devices in neurosurgery is very common, which is considered to be an important auxiliary method for many craniotomies. However, previous studies have reported complications of using cranial fixation devices, including brain tissue, nerve and blood vessel damage, scalp laceration, subcutaneous hematoma, etc. Some of the complications are serious and even potentially fatal, and the causes of which may be related to the incorrect use of cranial fixation devices. Although there are no serious complications in our review, the cause of that needs to be further summarized and analyzed, as so to minimize the serious consequences caused by the cranial fixation device slippage and ensure the safety of the patients’ surgical procedure.

Case presentation
In our recent work, we have continuously found three cases of unstable cranial fixation devices, which make us to analyze the possible factors and summarize experience combined with the review of other senior neurosurgeons (more than 3 years of working experience) from different departments of neurosurgery.

Conclusions
Based on our recent incidents of unstable cranial fixation and the experience of investigating and analyzing senior doctors from different neurosurgery centers, we summarized experience to minimize the risk of unstable cranial fixation. We tried a variety of options, including a safe anatomical location for cranial fixation, teamwork, and communication with anesthesiologists and itinerant nurses, to ensure the stability of the patient’s cranial fixation devices. The data obtained in this survey has great limitations, including the doctor’s personal prejudice and dependence on anecdotal memories. Therefore, the data should be interpreted with caution. However, there are still some modes that can help to better understand the use of safe cranial fixation. Based on the above research and analysis, we have made recommendations that may help neurosurgeons to avoid preventable complications
Artificial Intelligence–Assisted Prediction of Late-Onset Cardiomyopathy Among Childhood Cancer Survivors
Authors: Güntürkün Fatma , Akbilgic Oguz , Davis Robert L. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Howell Rebecca M. , Jefferies John L. , Ness Kirsten K. , Karabayir Ibrahim , Lucas John T. , Srivastava Deo Kumar , Hudson Melissa M. , Robison Leslie L. , Soliman Elsayed Z. , Mulrooney Daniel A. 
Published: April 2021

PURPOSEEarly identification of childhood cancer survivors at high risk for treatment-related cardiomyopathy may improve outcomes by enabling intervention before development of heart failure. We implemented artificial intelligence (AI) methods using the Children's Oncology Group guideline–recommended baseline ECG to predict cardiomyopathy.MATERIAL AND METHODSSeven AI and signal processing methods were applied to 10-second 12-lead ECGs obtained on 1,217 adult survivors of childhood cancer prospectively followed in the St Jude Lifetime Cohort (SJLIFE) study. Clinical and echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function was performed at initial and follow-up SJLIFE visits. Cardiomyopathy was defined as an ejection fraction < 50% or an absolute drop from baseline ≥ 10%. Genetic algorithm was used for feature selection, and extreme gradient boosting was applied to predict cardiomyopathy during the follow-up period. Model performance was evaluated by five-fold stratified cross-validation.RESULTSThe median age at baseline SJLIFE evaluation was 31.7 years (range 18.4-66.4), and the time between baseline and follow-up evaluations was 5.2 years (0.5-9.5). Two thirds (67.1%) of patients were exposed to chest radiation, and 76.6% to anthracycline chemotherapy. One hundred seventeen (9.6%) patients developed cardiomyopathy during follow-up. In the model based solely on ECG features, the cross-validation area under the curve (AUC) was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.83 to 0.90), whereas the model based on clinical features had an AUC of 0.69 (95% CI, 0.64 to 0.74). In the model based on ECG and clinical features, the cross-validation AUC was 0.89 (95% CI, 0.86 to 0.91), with a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 81%.CONCLUSIONAI using ECG data may assist in the identification of childhood cancer survivors at increased risk for developing future cardiomyopathy.
Short Diagnosis-to-Treatment Interval Is Associated With Higher Circulating Tumor DNA Levels in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Alig Stefan , Macaulay Charles W. , Kurtz David M. , Dührsen Ulrich , Hüttmann Andreas , Schmitz Christine , Jin Michael C. , Sworder Brian J. , Garofalo Andrea , Shahrokh Esfahani Mohammad , Nabet Barzin Y. , Soo Joanne , Scherer Florian , Craig Alexander F. M. , Casasnovas Olivier , Westin Jason R. , Gaidano Gianluca , Rossi Davide , Roschewski Mark , Wilson Wyndham H. , Meignan Michel , Diehn Maximilian , Alizadeh Ash A. 
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE Patients with Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) in need of immediate therapy are largely under-represented in clinical trials. The diagnosis-to-treatment interval (DTI) has recently been described as a metric to quantify such patient selection bias, with short DTI being associated with adverse risk factors and inferior outcomes. Here, we characterized the relationships between DTI, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), conventional risk factors, and clinical outcomes, with the goal of defining objective disease metrics contributing to selection bias. PATIENTS AND METHODS We evaluated pretreatment ctDNA levels in 267 patients with DLBCL treated across multiple centers in Europe and the United States using Cancer Personalized Profiling by Deep Sequencing. Pretreatment ctDNA levels were correlated with DTI, total metabolic tumor volumes (TMTVs), the International Prognostic Index (IPI), and outcome. RESULTS Short DTI was associated with advanced-stage disease ( P < .001) and higher IPI ( P < .001). We also found an inverse correlation between DTI and TMTV ( RS = −0.37; P < .001). Similarly, pretreatment ctDNA levels were significantly associated with stage, IPI, and TMTV (all P < .001), demonstrating that both DTI and ctDNA reflect disease burden. Notably, patients with shorter DTI had higher pretreatment ctDNA levels ( P < .001). Pretreatment ctDNA levels predicted short DTI independent of the IPI ( P < .001). Although each risk factor was significantly associated with event-free survival in univariable analysis, ctDNA level was prognostic of event-free survival independent of DTI and IPI in multivariable Cox regression (ctDNA: hazard ratio, 1.5; 95% CI [1.2 to 2.0]; IPI: 1.1 [0.9 to 1.3]; −DTI: 1.1 [1.0 to 1.2]). CONCLUSION Short DTI largely reflects baseline tumor burden, which can be objectively measured using pretreatment ctDNA levels. Pretreatment ctDNA levels therefore have utility for quantifying and guarding against selection biases in prospective DLBCL clinical trials.
Brentuximab Vedotin Combined With Chemotherapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Early-Stage, Unfavorable-Risk Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Kumar Anita , Casulo Carla , Advani Ranjana H. , Budde Elizabeth , Barr Paul M. , Batlevi Connie L. , Caron Philip , Constine Louis S. , Dandapani Savita V. , Drill Esther , Drullinsky Pamela , Friedberg Jonathan W. , Grieve Clare , Hamilton Audrey , Hamlin Paul A. , Hoppe Richard T. , Horwitz Steven M. , Joseph Ashlee , Khan Niloufer , Laraque Leana , Matasar Matthew J. , Moskowitz Alison J. , Noy Ariela , Palomba Maria Lia , Schöder Heiko , Straus David J. , Vemuri Shreya , Yang Joanna , Younes Anas , Zelenetz Andrew D. , Yahalom Joachim , Moskowitz Craig H. 
Published: April 2021

PURPOSE To improve curability and limit long-term adverse effects for newly diagnosed early-stage (ES), unfavorable-risk Hodgkin lymphoma. METHODS In this multicenter study with four sequential cohorts, patients received four cycles of brentuximab vedotin (BV) and doxorubicin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (AVD). If positron emission tomography (PET)-4–negative, patients received 30-Gy involved-site radiotherapy in cohort 1, 20-Gy involved-site radiotherapy in cohort 2, 30-Gy consolidation-volume radiotherapy in cohort 3, and no radiotherapy in cohort 4. Eligible patients had ES, unfavorable-risk disease. Bulk disease defined by Memorial Sloan Kettering criteria (> 7 cm in maximal transverse or coronal diameter on computed tomography) was not required for cohorts 1 and 2 but was for cohorts 3 and 4. The primary end point was to evaluate safety for cohort 1 and to evaluate complete response rate by PET for cohorts 2-4. RESULTS Of the 117 patients enrolled, 116 completed chemotherapy, with the median age of 32 years: 50% men, 98% stage II, 86% Memorial Sloan Kettering–defined disease bulk, 27% traditional bulk (> 10 cm), 52% elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, 21% extranodal involvement, and 56% > 2 involved lymph node sites. The complete response rate in cohorts 1-4 was 93%, 100%, 93%, and 97%, respectively. With median follow-up of 3.8 years (5.9, 4.5, 2.5, and 2.2 years for cohorts 1-4), the overall 2-year progression-free and overall survival were 94% and 99%, respectively. In cohorts 1-4, the 2-year progression-free survival was 93%, 97%, 90%, and 97%, respectively. Adverse events included neutropenia (44%), febrile neutropenia (8%), and peripheral neuropathy (54%), which was largely reversible. CONCLUSION BV + AVD × four cycles is a highly active and well-tolerated treatment program for ES, unfavorable-risk Hodgkin lymphoma, including bulky disease. The efficacy of BV + AVD supports the safe reduction or elimination of consolidative radiation among PET-4–negative patients.
Organelle tethering, pore formation and SNARE compensation in the late endocytic pathway
Authors: Davis Luther J. , Bright Nicholas A. , Edgar James R. , Parkinson Michael D. J. , Wartosch Lena , Mantell Judith , Peden Andrew A. , Luzio J. Paul 
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT
To provide insights into the kiss-and-run and full fusion events resulting in endocytic delivery to lysosomes, we investigated conditions causing increased tethering and pore formation between late endocytic organelles in HeLa cells. Knockout of the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) VAMP7 and VAMP8 showed, by electron microscopy, the accumulation of tethered lysosome-associated membrane protein (LAMP)-carrier vesicles around multivesicular bodies, as well as the appearance of ‘hourglass’ profiles of late endocytic organelles attached by filamentous tethers, but did not prevent endocytic delivery to lysosomal hydrolases. Subsequent depletion of the SNARE YKT6 reduced this delivery, consistent with it compensating for the absence of VAMP7 and VAMP8. We also investigated filamentous tethering between multivesicular bodies and enlarged endolysosomes following depletion of charged multi-vesicular body protein 6 (CHMP6), and provide the first evidence that pore formation commences at the edge of tether arrays, with pore expansion required for full membrane fusion.
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in the Coronavirus Disease — 2019 Era: Safety and Protocol Considerations
Authors: Duscha Brian D. , Johnson Johanna L. , Bennett William C. , Ball Kelsey N. , Mae Fos Liezl B. , Reaves Megan A. , Kraus William E. 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) is a valuable tool in both clinical practice and research settings. Therefore, it is advantageous for human performance laboratories to continue operating during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. All institutions should adhere to general COVID-19 guidelines provided by the Centers for Disease Control. Because of the testing environment, CPX laboratories must consider additional precautionary safety measures. This article provides recommendations for modifying the CPX protocol to ensure safety for all stakeholders during the pandemic. These modifications are universal across all populations, types of institutions and testing modalities. Preliminary measures include careful review of federal, local, and institutional mandates. The description outlines how to evaluate a testing environment and alter workflow. Guidelines are provided on what specific personal protective equipment should be acquired; as well as necessary actions before, during, and after the CPX test. These precautions will limit the possibility of both clients and staff from contracting or spreading the disease while maintaining testing volume in the laboratory.
Teaching mathematics as a way of thinking – not calculating
Authors: Devlin Keith 
Published: April 2021

Matemaatilise mõtlemise tähendusrikkad aspektid on uurimine, kahtlemine, süsteemne töö, visualiseerimine, hüpoteeside püstitamine, oma seisukohtade selgitamine, üldistamine, põhjendamine ja tõestamine, aga mitte rangete protseduuride teostamine, mida teevad kas masinad või mida peetakse "madalama taseme" mehaaniliseks tegevuseks. Vt näiteks Stacey (2006); Devlini (2012a, b, c); Singhi jt (2018); NRICH-i (2020) töid.Siinses essees keskendutakse matemaatilisele mõtlemisele. Kuid enne alustamist tuleks mainida, et oma kirjutises lähtun vaatenurgast, mis on omandatud karjääri jooksul, millesse mahtusid nii akadeemilised teadusuuringud puhtas matemaatikas kui ka rakendusmatemaatikaga seotud maailm, kus tegelesin paljude reaalsete probleemidega nii eraettevõtluse kui ka valitsuse heaks.
Full text
Prognostic analysis of mortality in the cohort of the Chernobyl cleanup workers
Authors: Gorski A. , Maksyutov M. , Tumanov K. , Kochergina E. , Zelenskaya N. , Ivanov V 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: Analysis and prognosis of mortality rate, specific causes of death and mortality structure in the male cohort of the Chernobyl cleanup workers monitored from 1992 over 2017.
Materials and methods: Analysis and prognosis of mortality among the Chernobyl cleanup workers for the follow up period 1992-2017 were based on personal death records stored at the National Radiation Epidemiological Registry (NRER). The workers entered the exclusion zone in 1986 and in 1987, who had documented dose records were included in the monitoring cohort. In 1992 the cohort size was 72432 persons , average radiation dose was 130.8 mGy. For the period of the cohort monitoring 27051 cleanup workers died with the following causes of death: malignant neoplasms – 4621 cases, circulatory diseases – 11410 cases, traumas and poisoning – 5110 cases, other –5910. To prognose mortality and mortality structure data on age-specific intensity of partial mortality and total mortality during the monitoring period were used.
Results: The predicted size of the cohort will be 22,000 persons in 2030. Mortality structure in 2017: malignant neoplasms – 17%; circulatory diseases – 42%; traumas and poisoning – 19%, other – 22%. The mortality structure in 2030 will be: malignant neoplasms – 24%; circulatory diseases – 49%; traumas and poisoning – 11%, other – 16%. Cleanup workers’ the average time left to live estimated in 2017 was 11.1 years (their average age in 2017 was 62.4 years), it means that their average life expectancy will be 73.5 years. Average life expectancy of Russian males is 70.4 years. Increased life span of the cleanup workers can be due to their good health, social support including regular special medical examination, the effect of the natural selection cannot be excluded as well.
Conclusion: Results of the study can serve as example of organization of high effective specialized medical examination of the Chernobyl cleanup workers. The research outcomes will be useful for analysis of mortality among members of a closed population following exposure to hazardous technogeneous factors.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENYALURAN KREDIT PERBANKAN PADA BANK UMUM DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Pratiwi Septiana Icha , Sulistiyani Tina 
Published: April 2021

This research is aimed to obtain empirical evidence on the factors affecting the distribution of bank credit. There are many factors affecting the distribution of bank credit. However, this research was only limited by dominant factors affecting the distribution of bank credit obtained from bank credit theories and the results from previous research studies. Therefore, factors which were the selected independent variables in this research were Third Party Funds (DPK), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), Return On Assets (ROA), and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR). While the dependent variables were the distribution of bank credit which was proxied by Loan to Asset Ratio (LAR) variable. The results of the research indicates that simultaneously, the variables of DPK, CAR, NPL, ROA, dan LDR significantly affect the distribution of bank credit in the period 2010-2012. While partially, a result was obtained that DPK, NPL, and LDR variables significantly affect the distribution of bank credit. Meanwhile CAR and ROA variables do no significantly affect the distribution of bank credit in the period 2010-2012
PENGARUH KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI, KEPUTUSAN PENDANAAN DAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN LQ45 YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Widyawati Nur Aini , Fitriani Dyah 
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to examine the effect of investment decisions, financing decisions and dividend policy on firm value in the LQ-45 firm listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Population as well as the sample in this study is the LQ-45 firm listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2007-2011 period which has complete financial statements are expressed in dollars and pay dividends continuously over the study period, which amounted to 9 companies. The dependent variable used is the value of the company (PBV) while the independent variable is investment (PER), funding (DER) and dividend policy (DPR). In this study using a multiple linier regression and classical assumption. Assessment of the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable was partially or simulataneously, and analysis tools in this study using eviews. Partial results of the study showed that investment decisions have a significant effect on firm value, funding decisions have no significant effect on firm value and dividend policy has no significant effect on firm value.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI, KOMPENSASI, DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA KARYAWAN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DI KANTOR DINAS SOSIAL TENAGA KERJA DAN TRANSMIGRASI KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Badriyah Badriyah , Muttaqiyathun Ani 
Published: April 2021

This research aims to understand how the influence of motivation, compensation and workplace on the performance of employees at department office social man power and transmigration the city of Yogyakarta bot a partial as well as simultaneous or together. The population on this research is Employees who worked at social department office of manpower and transmigration city of Yogyakarta. The sample collection technique in this research use of sampling methods purposive. The total sample taken in this research as many 81 respondents. The source of data from the study used data primary obtained from the results of questionnaires compiled using likert scale. This study using data analysis techniques is the quantitative analysis (linear regression analysis double, t test and test f). Test results t show that the significance of the variables ( x1 ) 0,007 value < α = 0.05, then motivation influential significantly to employee performance, then motivation influential significantly to employee performance, variable compensation ( x2 ) 0,038 < value α = 0.05 then compensation significant of the performance of employees and variable workplace (x3) 0,048 < value α = 0.05 and a significant effect on the employees in social department office of manpower and transmigration the city of Yogyakarta.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PADA PD BPR BKK KEBUMEN DAN PT BPR DANA MITRA SEJAHTERA KEBUMEN
Authors: Damayanti Erma Reiza , Fitriani Dyah 
Published: April 2021

The research aims to comparehealth of BPR in terms of financial performance. The object of the research is PD BPR BKK Kebumen and PT BPR Dana Mitra Sejahtera for a period of 2012,2013 and 2014. Banking financial performance used on this research is on financial aspects that be measured by the ratio of the suffciency minimum obligation (CAR), the ratio of the quality of assets productive (KAP), an allowance the formation of productive assets (PPAP), the ratio return on assets (ROA) that reflect the ability of a bank in generate profit, the ratio of BOPO ( the load operational against operational income) that reflects the burden of operational compared with earnings obtained, while for liquidity measured by CR and LDR. From this research obtained the results of that overall shows the level of financial performance of a healthy. The ratio CAR in PD BPR BKK Kebumen shows the average 15,21% larger from PT BPR Dana Mitra Sejahtera that shows the average CAR 12,70% and both banks included in category of healthy. The rati of the quality of assets productive (KAP) in PD BPR BKK Kebumen shows the average 5,68% larger than PT Dana Mitra Sejahtera which shows the average quality of assets productive 5,27% and both banks included in category of healthy. The ratio of PPAP inPD BPR BKK Kebumenthat shows the average 100% and PT BPR Dana Mitra Sejahtera which shows the average 95,68% and both banks included in category of healthy. The ratio ROA in PD BPR BKK Kebumen shows the average 3,64% larger than PT BPR Dana Mitra Sejahtera which shows the the average ROA 2,24% and both banks included in category of healthy.the ratio of BOPO in PD BPR BKK Kebumen shows the average 72,13% less than than funds PT BPR Dana Mitra Sejahtera which shows the average BOPO 75,68% and both banks included in category of healthy. The ratio of CR in PD BPR BKK Kebumen shows the average 25,82% larger from PT BPR Dana Mitra Sejahtera thatshows the average CR 21,02% and both bank included in category of healthy. The ratio LDR in PD BPR BKK Kebumen shows the average 98,90% and included in category of less healthy and this is different from PT BPR Dana Mitra Sejahtera that Shows the average 78,33% in categories healthy. The ratio of non performing loan (NPL) in PD BPR BKK Kebumen shows the average 3,87% and dutifully included in the category of while from PT BPR Dana MitraSejahtera which shows the average NPL 5,25% greater than that required in category 5% so dutifully enough. Of a whole the assessment of the level second health BPR in PT BPR Dana Mitra Sejahtera it has value 99.90 % better than PD BPR BKK kebumen in that it has value 99.05 %.
Optical tuning of dielectric nanoantennas for thermo-optically reconfigurable nonlinear metasurfaces
Authors: Celebrano Michele , Rocco Davide , Gandolfi Marco , Zilli Attilio , Rusconi Francesco , Tognazzi Andrea , Mazzanti Andrea , Ghirardini Lavinia , Pogna Eva A. A. , Carletti Luca , Baratto Camilla , Marino Giuseppe , Gigli Carlo , Biagioni Paolo , Duò Lamberto , Cerullo Giulio , Leo Giuseppe , Della Valle Giuseppe , Finazzi Marco , De Angelis Costantino 
Published: April 2021

We demonstrate optically tunable control of second-harmonic generation in all-dielectric nanoantennas: by using a control beam that is absorbed by the nanoresonator, we thermo-optically change the refractive index of the radiating element to modulate the amplitude of the second-harmonic signal. For a moderate temperature increase of roughly 40 K, modulation of the efficiency up to 60% is demonstrated; this large tunability of the single meta-atom response paves the way to exciting avenues for reconfigurable homogeneous and heterogeneous metasurfaces.