bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of heterozygosity in CHEK2-associated breast cancer
Authors: Aleksakhina Svetlana , Ievleva Aglaya , Sokolenko Anna , Baskina Sofia , Venina Ajgul , Anisimova Elena , Akhmedov Nurmagomed , Ivantsov Alexandr , Belysheva Yana , Chernyakova Alexandra , Imyanitov Evgeny 
Published: October 2021

Background. CHEK2-associated neoplasms account for a significant proportion of hereditary breast cancer (BC) in Russia. The phenomenon of somatic deletion of the normal allele of a gene affected by a hereditary mutation, or loss of heterozygosity (LOH), is a frequent mechanism of complete inactivation of the corresponding protein, which is realized during the development of hereditary breast carcinomas. The contribution of the LOH phenomenon to the pathogenesis of CHEK2-dependent tumors is poorly understood, and almost all available data concern only one type of mutations - CHEK2 1100delC.
The aim of the study was to characterize the frequency of LOH in breast tumor tissues from carriers of the three types of CHEK2 alterations: CHEK2 1000delC, CHEK2 IVS2+1G>A, and CHEK2 del5395.
Materials and methods. LOH analysis was performed in a group of 50 breast cancer cases from women carrying CHEK2 1000delC (n = 19), CHEK2 IVS2+1G>A (n = 12), and CHEK2 del5395 (n = 19) mutations. Detection of LOH was carried out using a combination of methods that directly analyze the mutation locus (allele-specific PCR, Sanger sequencing, digital droplet PCR), and assess the status of single nucleotide polymorphisms surrounding the CHEK2 gene (digital droplet PCR).Results. The frequency of the LOH phenomenon in the studied cohort reached 27/50 (54%). Loss of heterozygosity was observed in 10/19 (52.6%) CHEK2 1000delC-associated, 6/12 (50%) CHEK2 IVS2+1G>A-associated, and 11/19 (57.9%) CHEK2 del5395-associated tumors. In one carcinoma from a carrier of the CHEK2 IVS2+1G>A alteration, the loss of mutated allele was confirmed. The main clinical and pathological characteristics were compared between tumors with loss and retention of heterozygosity. This comparison did not reveal any significant differences.Conclusion. Loss of heterozygosity is observed in about half of breast carcinomas arising in CHEK2 mutation carriers; the frequency of this phenomenon does not differ between three types of CHEK2 genetic defects.
Benign uterine leiomioma with lung lesions
Authors: Dvorakovskaia Ivetta , Ilin Andrey , Dzadzua Dali , Ariel Boris , Dvoretskii Sergey , Akopov Andrey 
Published: October 2021

Clinical cases of uterine leiomyoma with secondary lung involvement are described. The results of X-ray, computerized tomography, and histological examination of lung specimens, as well as those of heterozygosity and microsatellite instability are presented. Our own experience and the few descriptions available to date in the literature confirm the pseudo tumorous nature of benign uterine leiomyoma with lung involvement which should be considered as nodular dyshormonal hyperplasia. The signs of genetic instability ՛s identification do not allow to differentiate clearly between the benign or malignant nature of the disease. The key role in the differential diagnosis of uterine leiomyoma with lung involvement and leiomyosarcoma belongs to unprejudiced clinical observation.
Categorization of Coronal Mass Ejection-driven Sheath Regions: Characteristics of STEREO Events
Authors: Salman Tarik M. , Lugaz Noé , Winslow Reka M. , Farrugia Charles J. , Jian Lan K. , Galvin Antoinette B. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We present a comprehensive statistical analysis of 106 sheath regions driven by coronal mass ejections and measured near 1 au. Using data from the STEREO probes, this extended analysis focuses on two discrete categorizations. In the first categorization, we investigate how the generic features of sheaths change with their potential formation mechanisms (propagation sheaths and expansion sheaths), namely, their associations with magnetic ejectas (MEs), which are primarily propagating or expanding in the solar wind. We find propagation sheaths to be denser and driven by stronger MEs, whereas expansion sheaths are faster. Exploring the temporal profiles of these sheaths with a superposed epoch technique, we observe that most of the magnetic field and plasma signatures are more elevated in propagation sheaths relative to expansion sheaths. The second categorization is based on speed variations across sheaths. Employing linear least-squares regression, we categorize four distinct speed profiles of the sheath plasma. We find that the associated shock properties and solar cycle phase do not impact the occurrence of such variations. Our results also highlight that the properties of the driving MEs are a major source of variability in the sheath properties. Through logistic regression, we conclude that the magnetic field strength and the ME speed in the solar wind frame are likely drivers of these speed variations.
Evidence for Coronal Temperature Variation in Seyfert 2 ESO 103–035 Using NuSTAR Observations
Authors: Barua Samuzal , Jithesh V. , Misra Ranjeev , Dewangan Gulab C. , Sarma Rathin , Pathak Amit , Medhi Biman J. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
We report flux-resolved spectroscopic analysis of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) ESO 103–035 using NuSTAR observations. Following an earlier work, we fit the spectra using a thermal Comptonization model with a relativistic reflection component to obtain estimates of the coronal temperature for two flux levels. The coronal temperature was found to increase from

24.0

−
3.4

+
6.8

to

55.3

−
7.2

+
54.6

keV

(errors at the 1σ confidence level) as the flux increased from 9.8 to 11.9 × 10−11 erg cm−2 s−1 in the 3–78 keV band. A marginal variation in the high energy photon index allows for both a nonvarying optical depth and for the optical depth to have varied by a factor of ∼2. This is in contrast to a previous work on NuSTAR flux-resolved spectroscopy of the AGN, Ark 564, where the temperature was found to decrease with flux along with a 10% variation in the optical depth. The results may be understood in a framework where AGN variability is either dominated by coronal heating variation leading to a correlated increase of temperature with flux or the opposite effect being seen when the variability is dominated by changes in the seed photon flux.
The Use of Warning Booklet to Improve the Knowledge and Attitude of Pregnant Women in Early Detection of Pregnancy Complications in Karawang Regency
Authors: Ombi Warliana , Sholihah Eneng , Mulyo Gurid Pramintarto Eko 
Published: October 2021

The strategy for reducing maternal mortality is through increasing empowerment of women, families, and communities. Families are expected to play an active role in knowing and making efforts to prevent maternal and infant morbidity and mortality—the number of cases of maternal death in Kab. Karawang in 2015 and 2016, respectively, as many as 68 cases and 61 cases, the main causes are preeclampsia, bleeding, and comorbidities. The aim is to determine the effect of Warneng’s booklet on increasing knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women towards early detection of pregnancy complications. The research design used a quasi-experimental design, non-equivalent control group. The research location was carried out in the areas of Purwasari Health Center and Rengasdengklok Health Center. The population is pregnant women in trimester I-III, with a total sample of 70 respondents. The analysis test used t-test and Mann Whitney U. The sampling technique used purposive random sampling. Degree of significance 0.05; with a 5% confidence level (CI). Warneng's booklet means increasing knowledge of early detection of pregnancy complications and increasing attitudes towards early detection of pregnancy complications pre-test 37.89 and post-test 46.40.
Evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers in acute mercury intoxication
Authors: Dalkiran Tahir , Carman Kursat Bora , Unsal Velid , Belge Kurutas Ergul , Kandur Yasar , Dilber Cengiz 
Published: October 2021

Objective:&nbsp;Very few studies have evaluated the association between mercury exposure and oxidative stress in humans, particularly in children. This is the first report where we aimed to determine the oxidative stress status of children who were accidently exposed to elemental mercury.
Methods: In the present study, the study group was composed of 86 randomly selected children poisoned by mercury; the control group was composed of 78 children who had no history of mercury exposure. At admission, blood samples were collected. Blood superoxide dismutase activity, catalase enzyme activity, and glutathione peroxidase activity were measured by Fridovich, Beutler, and Lawrence Burk methods respectively, and the results were given as U/g Hb . Malondialdehyde level was measured by Ohkawa methods , and the results were given as mmol/ml.
Results:&nbsp;Catalase levels were significantly lower in the patient group compared to the control group (1.28&plusmn;0.62 vs 3.90 &plusmn; 0.86 U/g Hb, p<0.01). In exposed children, SOD levels were significantly higher than the controls (5936 &plusmn; 810 vs 2226 &plusmn; 464 U/g Hb, p<0,05), while the GPx activity was significantly lower (13.01 &plusmn; 3.21&nbsp; vs 34.97 &plusmn; 7.32 U/g Hb, p<0.01). The MDA levels of the mercury group were significantly higher than the MDA levels of the control group (2.85&plusmn;0.84&nbsp; vs 2.05&plusmn;0.79 mmol/ml, p<0.05) .
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that acute mercury poisoning causes alteration of oxidative stress status in children exposed to elemental mercury.
Potential role of human chorionic gonadotropin supplementation in spermatogenesis in rats subjected to forced swimming exercise
Authors: Moayeri Ardeshir , Darvishi Marzieh , Hamidabadi Hatef Ghasemi , Mojaverrostami Sina 
Published: October 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the supportive effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on the quality of spermatogenesis, including count, motility, morphology, viability and apoptosis of sperm following forced swimming exercise.
Materials and methods: Twenty-four adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. All rats were divided into four groups: control group; swimming exercise group (S); hCG administration group and swimming (SG) with hCG administration group (G). The experimental group was trained to force swimming stress for 10 min for 6 days. Then the sperm quality parameters were measured after dissection and epididymis removal. Spermatogenesis and germ cell apoptosis were evaluated by using Miller &amp; Johnsen&rsquo;s score and TUNEL staining respectively.
Results: Results showed the count (control: 113&plusmn;3.1, S: 74&plusmn;1.9, G: 111&plusmn;3, and SG: 103&plusmn;2.4), motility (control:&nbsp; 93&plusmn;2, S: 67&plusmn;2.8,G: 90&plusmn;2.7, and SG: 78&plusmn;1), morphology (control: 89&plusmn;3%, S: 47&plusmn;2.4%, G: 90&plusmn;3.1%, and SG: 67&plusmn;1.1%), and viability of sperm (control: 91&plusmn;2.9, S: 50&plusmn;2, G: 91&plusmn;1.9, and SG: 70&plusmn;1.3) in swimming exercised-hCG administered group, significantly enhanced by hCG treatment compared to the swimming exercise group (p&le;0.01). Also the number of apoptotic germ cells significantly decreased in swimming exercised-hCG administered group compared to the swimming exercised group.
Conclusions: These results suggest that administration of hCG can protect the testes against the detrimental effect of forced swimming exercise in adult male rats.
Impact of prolonged duration of different types of renal replacement therapies on serum levels of endothelin-1 and pulmonary function tests
Authors: Kovacevic Pedja , Dragic Sasa , Zlojutro Biljana , Jandric Milka , Kovacevic Tijana , Momcicevic Danica , Gasic Branislav , Meyer Joachim 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: This study was carried out to investigate the impact of duration of different renal replacement therapies such as hemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis on potential overproduction of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and pulmonary function tests in these patients.
Materials and methods: The study included 26 patients (14 males, mean age 54.9&plusmn;16.2 years) with end stage renal diseases (ESRD) receiving regular hemodialysis (HD) and 23 patients (10 males, mean age 55.8&plusmn;15.8 years) with ESRD treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The spirometry values were recorded before the onset of HD and prior to emptying the peritoneal cavity in CAPD patients and ET-1 was measured using the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) methodology. Two groups of patients (groups 1 and 2) were further divided into subgroups (group A and group B). Groups A (1-A and 2-A) included patients treated with any type of renal replacement therapy (RRT) (HD or CAPD) less than 5 years, and groups B (1-B and 2-B) included patients treated with any type of RRT (HD or CAPD) longer than 5 years.
Results: Patients treated with HD or CAPD for more than five years were found to have significantly higher serum levels of ET-1 (HD = 41.49&plusmn;21.28 vs. 185.13&plusmn;73.67, p<0.01; PD = 51.24&plusmn;32.11 vs. 139.53&plusmn;42.42, p<0.01, respectively). Values of most pulmonary function parameters differed significantly between groups treated longer or shorter than 5 years: FVC (HD = 108.4&plusmn;13.34 vs. 80.82&plusmn;11.26, p<0.01; CAPD = 97.20&plusmn;18.99 vs. 73.25&plusmn;10.73, p<0.01, respectively), FEV1 (HD = 108.33&plusmn;15.8 vs. 76.73&plusmn;4.9, p<0.01; CAPD = 100.67&plusmn;18.31 vs. 66.75&plusmn;6.25, p<0.01, respectively).
Conclusions: Prolonged duration of any type of renal replacement therapy is associated with higher serum levels of ET-1 and with lower pulmonary function tests in ESRD patients.
In silico analysis, synthesis and biological evaluation of DHFR inhibitors
Authors: Lad Chaitali , Panchal Ishan , Patel Ashish , Nagani Afzal , Parikh Vruti , Patel Harnisha , Bhimani Bhargav 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Malaria is one of the varieties of fatal diseases caused by a protozoan parasite that is now considered to be the greatest global health challenge. A parasite of Plasmodium species triggers it transmitting the disease to humans by the bites of female Anopheles mosquitoes.
Aim: To screen out designed molecules by molecular docking analysis and assess their pharmacokinetic properties using SwissADME. To synthesize the designed compounds. To characterize the synthesized compounds by TLC, melting point, IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. To evaluate the synthesized compounds for antimalarial activity.
Materials and methods: In silico analysis was performed with SWISSADME, and molecular docking was performed by AutoDock Vina version 4.2. In vitro antimalarial activity study was performed.
Results: In-vitro studies of synthesized molecules showed that compounds C2 (IC50 1.23), C6 (IC50 0.48), C10 (IC50 0.79), and C14 (IC50&nbsp;0.19) possess good antimalarial activity.
Conclusions: 7-chloroquinoline-piperazine derivatives exhibited potential antimalarial compounds for pf-DHFR inhibitors.
Application of Plackett-Burman design for screening of factors affecting pitavastatin nanoparticle formulation development
Authors: Ramani Vinodkumar D. , Jani Girish K. , Sailor Girish U. 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Nanoparticle formulation of pitavastatin calcium is a potential alternative to solve the solubility related problem. However, the formulation of nanoparticle involves various parameters that affect product quality. Plackett-Burman design could facilitate an economical experimental plan that focuses on determining the relative significance of many.
Aim: The objective of this study was to screen the variables which could significantly affect the pitavastatin nanoparticle formulation.
Materials and methods: The pitavastatin nanoparticles were formulated by preparing nanosuspension using the emulsion solvent evaporation technique followed by freeze-drying. A Plackett-Burman screening design methodology was employed in which seven factors at two levels were tested at 12 runs to study the effect of formulation and process variables on particle size and polydispersity index of nanoparticles. The surface morphology and crystalline nature of nanoparticle were also evaluated.
Results: The particle size and polydispersity index of nanosuspension was found in the range of 113.1 to 768.5 nm and 0.068 to 0.508, respectively. Statistical analysis of various variables revealed that stabilizer concentration, injection flow rate, and stirring rate were the most influential factors affecting the particle size and polydispersity index of the formulation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study suggested the amorphous nature of nanoparticles.
Conclusions: This study concluded that the Plackett-Burman design was an efficient tool for screening the process and formulation variables affecting the properties of pitavastatin nanoparticles and also for the identification of the most prominent factor.
Surgical treatment of pneumothorax in patients with COVID-19 &ndash; results and management
Authors: Uchikov Angel , Paunov Lyubomir , Batashki Atanas , Yordanov Emanuil , Atliev Kiril , Stefanov Chavdar , Sandeva Milena , Uchikov Peter 
Published: October 2021

Introduction: The new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, provokes infection with different clinical presentation. It involves an asymptomatic condition, mild variants with fever and dry cough to severe pneumonia, adynamia and respiratory failure with lethal outcome. The fibrotic lung tissue after the inflammatory process is a background for development of a secondary pneumothorax. Although it rarely causes lethal outcomes in COVID-19 patients, pneumothorax requires early diagnosis and adequate treatment to prevent any complications and decrease mortality rate.
Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the results of surgical treatment of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with pneumothorax in terms of demographic data, concomitant diseases, complications, and outcome.
Materials and methods: Longitudinal prospective study was carried out with 26 patients with pneumothorax as a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection. They were treated at the Intensive Care Unit of the Infectious Disease Clinic and at the Second Clinic of Surgery, St George University Hospital in Plovdiv over a 6-month period from September 2020 to February 2021.
Results: Seventeen of the patients were men and nine &ndash; women. Twenty-four of all patients underwent thoracentesis and two of them had a video-assisted thoracoscopy. The mean age of the studied patients with pneumothorax and COVID-19 was 66.77&plusmn;12.61 years, which shows that it is the patients of advanced age with concomitant diseases that are at a higher risk of serious complications and adverse outcome. Of the hospitalized 1245 patients with COVID-19, 385 (30.92%) passed away. Of all hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2, 26 (2.08%) developed pneumothorax. Sixteen of them (62%) passed away. The possibility of a lethal outcome for intubated patients increased more than twice.
Conclusions: The pneumothorax as a complication of COVID-19 carries high mortality and severely worsens the prognosis for these patients.
Paul Ricœur et la revue Esprit
Authors: Mongin Olivier 
Published: October 2021

Ricœur a un lien privilégié avec Esprit , institution singulière créée en 1932 par un universitaire désireux d’agir autrement dans la vie intellectuelle et dans l’espace public. Esprit signifie pour lui un mode d’agir non académique allant de pair avec un intérêt soutenu et critique pour la pensée de Mounier, les implications multiples d’une équipe rédactionnelle, une dimension « internationale » qui accompagne les combats pour la décolonisation et, bien sûr, la publication d’articles. Les liens durant l’après-guerre avec l’édition (le Seuil) et la presse ( Le Monde ) font de la revue un « milieu intellectuel » à part entière. Les contributions de Ricœur, « éducateur politique » qui s’engage sur des « causes imparfaites » et croise « philosophie et non-philosophie », montrent le caractère polyphonique d’une écriture où critique et conviction, rigueur et engament coexistent.
PRMT5 Promotes Symmetric Dimethylation of RNA Processing Proteins and Modulates Activated T Cell Alternative Splicing and Ca2+/NFAT Signaling
Authors: Sengupta Shouvonik , West Kelsi O , Sanghvi Shridhar , Laliotis Georgios , Agosto Laura M , Lynch Kristen W , Tsichlis Philip N , Singh Harpreet , Patrick Kristin L , Guerau-de-Arellano Mireia 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) 5 is the type 2 methyltransferase catalyzing symmetric dimethylation of arginine. PRMT5 inhibition or deletion in CD4 Th cells reduces TCR engagement-induced IL-2 production and Th cell expansion and confers protection against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, the animal model of multiple sclerosis. However, the mechanisms by which PRMT5 modulates Th cell proliferation are still not completely understood, and neither are the methylation targets in T cells. In this manuscript, we uncover the role of PRMT5 on alternative splicing in activated mouse T cells and identify several targets of PRMT5 symmetric dimethylation involved in splicing. In addition, we find a possible link between PRMT5-mediated alternative splicing of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 4 (Trpm4) and TCR/NFAT signaling/IL-2 production. This understanding may guide development of drugs targeting these processes to benefit patients with T cell–mediated diseases.
Cutting Edge: Subunit Booster Vaccination Confers Sterilizing Immunity against Liver-Stage Malaria in Mice Initially Primed with a Weight-Normalized Dose of Radiation-Attenuated Sporozoites
Authors: Lefebvre Mitchell N , Drewry Lisa L , Pewe Lecia L , Hancox Lisa S , Reyes-Sandoval Arturo , Harty John T 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Radiation-attenuated sporozoite (RAS) vaccination offers hope for global malaria control through induction of protective liver-stage–specific memory CD8 T cells. Effective RAS vaccination regimens exist; however, widespread implementation remains unfeasible. A key difficulty resides in the need to administer three or more doses i.v. to achieve sufficient immunity. Strategies to reduce the number of RAS doses are therefore desirable. Here we used mice to model human immune responses to a single, suboptimal weight-normalized RAS dose administered i.v. followed by subunit vaccination to amplify liver-stage–specific memory CD8 T cells. RAS+subunit prime-boost regimens increased the numbers of liver-stage–specific memory CD8 T cells to a level greater than is present after one RAS vaccination. Both i.v. and i.m. subunit vaccine delivery induced immunity in mice, and many vaccinated mice completely cleared liver infection. These findings are particularly relevant to human vaccine development because RAS+subunit prime-boost vaccination would reduce the logistical challenges of multiple RAS-only immunizations.