bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women’s Intention to Abort a Fetus Diagnosed with a Genetic Disease: Results from Israel, Cyprus and Germany
Authors: Kivity Sara , Barnoy Sivia 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Developments in genetics‏, have now enabled early detection of fetus genetic abnormalities in utero. In parallel, a woman's right to her body has led to legal changes, which permit abortions under certain conditions. The decision whether to undergo an abortion following the discovery of a fetal abnormality is affected by culture, legal regulations, and attitudes. The aim of the study was to assess the cultural influence on women’s intention to undergo an abortion in case her fetus is diagnosed with a genetic disease. Research Design: A scenario based study conducted in Israel, Germany and Cyprus. A questionnaire presented six scenarios in which a woman is pregnant and her fetus is diagnosed with a mild, moderate or severe genetic disease. For each scenario, the women were asked to rate their perceived severity about having a child with the disease, sense of control over performing an abortion and their intention to undergo an abortion. For analyzing the differences between the countries, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used with Tukey’s-b post hoc tests. Multiple linear regressions were used to detect variables associated with the intention to terminate the pregnancy. Results: A total of 358 women participated in the study 141 Israeli, 121 German and 96 from Cyprus. The results revealed that for all diseases, Israeli women were more inclined to perform an abortion than German and Cypriot women. In all cases Israeli women reported a higher sense of control over performing an abortion and Cypriot women expressed the highest perceived severity. Sense of control, severity perception, being Israeli, and increased age predicted the intention to abort.Conclusions: The intention to abort following the diagnosis of a fetus with a genetic disease is influenced by culture. There is a greater intention to abort when women feel more control, and have a higher perceived severity, regardless of the severity of the disease.
Effects of Delayed Suprapubic Port Removal on Post-laparoscopic Shoulder Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chalermchockcharoenkit Amphan , Hengrasmee Pattaya , Sophontanarak Paiboon , Sirimai Korakot , Sutchritpongsa Pavit , Srichai Pisutt 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: One of the major drawbacks of gynecologic laparoscopy is post-laparoscopic shoulder pain (PLSP) that is believed to result from intra-abdominal CO2 retention leading to peritoneal and diaphragmatic stretching and causing referred pain in C4 dermatome. Several interventions have been applied to prevent and reduce its incidence and severity, with contradictory results. Only pulmonary recruitment maneuver, extended assisted ventilation and active intra-abdominal gas aspiration have been mentioned to be effective interventions for CO2 evacuation. However, in our experience, an alternative technique of delayed suprapubic port removal (DSPR) was found to be an effective method in CO2 expulsion. Therefore, we conducted this randomized trial to determine the effectiveness of the DSPR technique in reducing the incidence and severity of PLSP. The trial was conducted at a single, tertiary hospital between May 2015 and May 2016. Having complied with the criteria, 220 patients scheduled for elective gynecological laparoscopy were randomly allocated into 2 groups after giving informed consent. Laparoscopic procedures were performed through 10-mm umbilical port and at least 2 ancillary, including suprapubic, ports. In conventional group, ancillary ports were removed at the end of surgery leaving only opened umbilical cannula for pneumoperitoneum deflation. Abdominal compression from periphery towards umbilicus was performed to further expel CO2 before removing the umbilical cannula. In DSPR group, both umbilical and suprapubic cannulas were retained. Two-step abdominal compression was undertaken, primarily towards umbilicus and secondarily towards pelvic cavity, before sequentially removing the umbilical and the suprapubic cannulas. Postoperatively, each patient was asked to rate PLSP level on 100–mm VAS during 0-6, 6-12, 12-24, and 24-48 hours respectively. Statistical analysis was performed to determine both incidence and severity of PLSP during 24- and 48-hours post-laparoscopy.Results: Patients in DSPR group demonstrated significantly lower incidence of PLSP within 24 hours (43.8% vs 59.0%; p=0.027) and 48 hours (43.8% vs 60.0%; p=0.019), and expressed apparently lower pain scores (0(0-0) vs 0(0-8); p=0.020) during 24-48 hours post-surgery.Conclusion: DSPR is an effective CO2 expulsion technique, resulting in significant reduction of both incidence and severity of PLSP within 24-48 hours post-laparoscopy.Trial registration: Thai Clinical Trials Registry; TCTR20160208003; Registered 8 February 2016 - Retrospectively registered; http://www.clinicaltrials.in.th/index.php?tp=regtrials&menu=trialsearch&smenu=fulltext&task=search&task2=view1&id=1715
Effects of Urban Topography and Traffic Emissions of Ultrafine Particulate Matter, Reactive Nitrogen Species, and Ozone in Greater Los Angeles Area
Authors: Bhatia Agam Mohan Singh 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is a major source of pollutant exposure in urban areas. Particulate species concentrations have drastically increased over the past decade and little has been done to understand them further. This study aims to further research in atmospheric and environmental sciences and influence decisions made regarding urban climate policy by furthering the understanding of UFP size and concentrations. It will lead to a better understanding of dangerous particles and act as a basis for future studies that aim to further understand or mitigate anthropogenic ultrafine particle emissions. This can help policymakers design and implement better, more effective policies that aim to reduce traffic-related air pollution exposure in urban areas.
Trends of Maternal Health Service Coverage in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Pooled Cross-Sectional Study of MICS 2010 to 2018
Authors: Guo Fuyu , Qi Xinran , Xiong Huayi , He Qiwei , Zhang Tingkai , Zou Siyu , Wang Hanyu , Takesue Rie , Tang Kun 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Maternal health service is essential for reducing maternal and newborn mortality. However, maternal health service status in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) remains poorly understood. This study aims to explore the trends of antenatal care (ANC) and skilled birth attendance coverage in the past decade in the DRC.Methods The 13,313 participants were from two rounds of Multiple Indicators Cluster Survey (MICS) conducted by the National Institute of Statistics of the Ministry of Planning of the DRC, in collaboration with the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), in 2010 and 2017-2018. A regression-based method was adopted to calculate the adjusted coverages of ANC and skilled birth attendance. Subgroup analysis based on different socioeconomic status (SES) was conducted to explore the impact of domestic conflicts.Results From 2010 to 2018, the overall weighted ANC coverage declined from 87.3% (95% CI 84.1% to 86.0%) to 82.4% (95% CI 81.1% to 84.0%), while the overall weighted skilled birth attendance coverage increased from 74.2% (95% CI 72.5% to 76.0%) to 85.2% (95% CI 84.1% to 86.0%) in the DRC. The adjusted ANC coverage and adjusted skilled birth attendance coverage both declined in the Kasai Oriental, but both increased in the Nord Kivu and Sud Kivu. In the Kasai region, the largest decline for the adjusted coverages of ANC and skilled birth attendance was found among the poorest women. Nevertheless, in the Kivu region, both the adjusted coverages of ANC and the skilled birth attendance increased for the poorest women. Conclusions With lasting domestic conflicts, there was a systemic deterioration of maternal healthcare coverage in some regions, particularly among people with low SES. While in some other regions, maternal healthcare service was not severely disrupted due possibly to the substantial international health assistance.
Kugel ball as an interesting application of designing the hydrosphere
Authors: Elescandarany Ahmad Waguih 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Analytical solutions are not available for the partial hemispherical hydrosphere which called as the Kugel ball fountain or the Kugel ball. However, this study offers a comprehensive idea about this phenomenon presenting a design map that gives a panoramic sight enabling the designers to easily choose whatever specifications needed for their fountain. Through simplifying the author previous formulae for this type of bearings, this paper removes the mystery of the Kugel ball phenomenon and shows that no complicated mathematic or physics are needed, as believed, to be grasped for producing such fountains. A new simple design technique is used and the most two famous fountains (at the House of Science in Patras, Greece and the largest at the Science Museum of Virginia, Richmond, USA.) are checked as an application of this design. One of the most important side results of this study is finding the equilibrium point, discovered in the author previous papers, which was considered as the equilibrium point between the forces of centripetal inertia, viscosity and friction due to the surface roughness. It becomes clear that this point is a natural characteristic of this type of bearings.
Association between first birth cesarean delivery and adverse maternal-fetal outcomes in the second pregnancy: a registry-based study in Northern Tanzania
Authors: Gaffur Raziya , Maro Eusebious , Mchome Bariki , Mahande Micheal , Ndaninginan Lyasimana , Asubiojo Benjamin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Cesarean delivery is the commonest obstetric surgery and surgical intervention to save lives of the mother and/or the new-borns. It has been accepted as safe procedure, yet it has increased risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. The rise in rate of cesarean delivery has been a major public health concern worldwide. Previous caesarean section has been associated with repeated cesarean delivery, causing potential adverse maternal-fetal outcomes in the subsequent pregnancy. We aimed to examine the relationship between first birth cesarean delivery and adverse maternal-fetal outcomes in the subsequent pregnancy among women who delivered at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre in Northern Tanzania. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using maternally-linked data from Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre. All women who had singleton second delivery between the years 2011 to 2015 were studied. A total of 5,984 women with singleton second delivery were analysed. Multivariable log-binomial regression was used to determine the association between first cesarean delivery and maternal-fetal outcome in subsequent pregnancy. Results: Cesarean delivery in the first birth was associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes in the subsequent pregnancy. These included repeated cesarean delivery (ARR 1.19; 95% CI: 1.05-1.34), pre/eclampsia (ARR 1.38; 95% CI: 1.06-1.78), gestational diabetes Mellitus (ARR 2.80; 95% CI: 1.07-7.36), uterine rupture (ARR 1.56; CI: 1.05-2.32), peri-partum hysterectomy (ARR 2.28; CI: 1.04-5.02) and preterm birth (ARR 1.21; CI: 1.05-1.38). Conclusion: Women with CD in their first pregnancy had an increased risk of repeated CD and other adverse maternal-fetal outcomes. Findings from a present study highlight the importance of devising regional specific measures to mitigate unnecessary primary caesarean delivery. Additionally, this information may serve as a basis to guide mode of delivery counselling prior to Trial of labour after caesarean delivery.
Aggrecan - a new biomarker for acute type A aortic dissection
Authors: König Karl , Lahm Harald , Dreßen Martina , Doppler Stefanie , Eichhorn Stefan , Beck Nicole , Krähschütz Kathrin , Holdenrieder Stefan , Kastrati Adnan , Lange Rüdiger , Krane Markus , Doll Sophia 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) constitutes a life-threatening aortic pathology with significant morbidity and mortality. Without surgical intervention the usual mortality rate averages between 1-2 % per hour. Thus, an early diagnosis of ATAAD is of pivotal importance to direct the affected patients to the appropriate treatment. As a consequence, we investigated whether aggrecan (ACAN) is a potential biomarker for diagnosing ATAAD. Our investigation showed that ACAN mRNA expression is highest in aortic tissue from ATAAD patients. Mean ACAN protein concentration showed a significantly higher plasma concentration in ATAAD patients (38.59 ng/mL) compared to plasma of patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms (4.45 ng/mL), patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (11.77 ng/mL) and healthy volunteers (8.05 ng/mL). Cardiac enzymes like creatine kinase MB and cardiac troponin T showed no correlation with ACAN levels in ATAAD patients. Receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) curve analysis for ATAAD patients versus control subjects revealed an area under the curve of 0.947 and an optimum discrimination limit of ACAN plasma levels at 14.3 ng/mL with a corresponding sensitivity of 97 % and specificity of 81 %. According to our findings ACAN is a reliable potential biomarker in plasma samples to detect ATAAD with high sensitivity and specificity.
Quantitative Measurement of Toxic Metals and Assessment of Health Risk in Plant-based Food from Markazi Province of Iran
Authors: Karimi Fereshteh , Shariatifar Nabi , Rezaei Mohammad , Alikord Mahsa , Arabameri Majid 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The aim of current study is to measurement and investigate the toxic metals levels in plant-based food collected in Markazi province and human health risk by using inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The levels of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in all samples were lower than LOD, while level of Cd in potato samples were lower than permitted limit of European commission (EC). The highest mean of toxic metals were observed for lead (Pb) in legume samples (562.17 µg kg− 1). Mercury (Hg) and Pb levels in all samples were higher than LOD, while Pb level in wheat samples were lower than of EC. The rank order of Hg and Pb levels in all samples based on target hazard quotient (THQ) value was wheat > potato > legume. The 95% THQ index of Hg and Pb for adults in wheat samples were 2.59E + 00 and 7.19E-01, in potato samples were 2.07E-01 and 1.64E-01; in legume samples were1.41E-01 and 6.61E-02respectively, while in the case of children, the 95% THQ index of Hg and Pb in wheat samples were 8.90E + 00 and 2.44E + 00; in potato samples were 1.17E + 00 and 5.81E-01; in legume samples were4.77E-01 and 2.20E-01 respectively. The high hazard index values were estimated, indicating a high health risk from consumption of wheat and potato.
Designing Magnetic Field Sensor Based on Tapered Photonic Crystal Fibre Assisted by A Ferrofluid
Authors: Taghizadeh Mostafa , Bozorgzadeh Forough 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
A novel magnetic field sensor is proposed based on the combination of in-line tapered photonic crystal fibre (PCF) Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) and magnetic nanoparticles. The sensor was theoretically investigated and experimentally realized. The effect of the mechanical strain and the magnetic field on the sensitivity of the sensor is studied. It is found that the proposed sensor shows a strain sensitivity of 1pm/µε. In order to evaluate the magnetic nanoparticles effect on the intensity of output light, the sensitivity response of the device has been measured under different magnetic field strengths for three length scales. The experimental results show refractive index changes of the magnetic nanoparticles-infiltrated PCF - acting as a fibre cladding - under applied magnetic field leads to variations of the interferometric output. The sensitivity of magnetic field measurement could reach up to 0.003 dB/mT. The results show a very good linear response that is an essential requirement for the practical sensors. The proposed magnetic field sensor finds applications in various areas, such as optical sensing, military, power industry, and tunable photonic devices.
The Anatomical Variations of the Posterolateral Tubercle of Talus in Patients with Posterior Ankle Impingement Syndrome
Authors: Kalbouneh Heba , Alsalem Mohammad , Hani Maysoon Bani , Alhusamiah Hamzeh , Momani Yazan , Massad Talal , Barakat Tamer , Alajoulin Omar 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The most important anatomical variations of the posterolateral talar tubercle that can predispose patients to development of posterior ankle impingement syndrome (PAIS) are an os trigonum and Stieda process. The aim of this study was to elucidate the prevalence of different anatomical variants of posterolateral talar tubercle on CT imaging, their prevalence in patients with PAIS, and to evaluate the risk posed by these anatomical variants to PAIS. Methods: 1478 ankle CT scans were retrospectively reviewed for the different anatomical variants of the lateral talar tubercle, the type and size of os trigonum. In addition, these anatomical differences were assessed in a subgroup of patients with PAIS. Results: Normal sized lateral tubercle was found in 46.1%, Stieda’s process in 26.1%, os trigonum in 20.5% and almost absent tubercle in 7.3%. A statistically higher prevalence of Stieda’s process was found in males while os trigonum was higher in females (p<0.05). In patients with PAIS, the most common variant was os trigonum (48.8%), followed by Stieda process (34.1%). Patients with Stieda process were 1.5 times more likely to have PAIS, and patients with os trigonum were 4.4 times more likely to have PAIS. PAIS was observed in 20.8% of patients with os trigonum. Fused forms of os trigonum (by cartilage) and sizes larger than 1cm were associated with a higher risk of occurrence of PAIS (OR 2.10 and OR 1.96 respectively)(p<0.05). Conclusion: Patients with os trigonum, followed by Stieda process were more likely to have PAIS compared to other anatomical variants of lateral talar tubercle.
Clustering of social disadvantage with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in young adults: a register-based study in Sweden
Authors: Virtanen Marianna , Lallukka Tea , Alexanderson Kristina , Helgesson Magnus , Heikkilä Katriina , Ervasti Jenni , Pentti Jaana , Vahtera Jussi , Kivimäki Mika , Mittendorfer-Rutz Ellenor 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background

Whether clustering of social disadvantage in young adulthood is associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is poorly understood. We examined clustering of ADHD with low educational attainment and unemployment in young adulthood; whether such clustering is stronger when unemployment was prolonged; and whether further clustering of disability pensioning, low education and unemployment occurs among those with ADHD.
Methods

Data were obtained from Swedish health, demographic and social security registers from which 8990 individuals with recorded ADHD diagnoses at the age of 10 to 35 and their 44387 matched references without mental disorders. Social disadvantage was measured using data on educational attainment, unemployment and disability pension from the diagnosis year or age 19 if diagnosed at younger age. Clustering was examined by comparing observed and expected occurrence (O/E ratio) of all possible combinations of ADHD, low education and unemployment, and, among those with ADHD, additional combinations with new-onset disability pension.
Results

The likelihood of having neither ADHD, low education nor unemployment was increased (O/E ratio = 1.20, 95% confidence interval 1.19–1.20 at baseline; 1.18, 1.17–1.18 at follow-up), as well as having all three characteristics (O/E ratio = 3.99, 3.89–4.10 at baseline; 5.68, 5.47–5.89 at follow-up). This clustering was stronger among women than men and when unemployment was prolonged. Among individuals with ADHD, clustering of low education with disability pension and unemployment was observed.
Conclusions

Low education and unemployment appear to cluster remarkably with ADHD among young adults, more so among women and when unemployment is prolonged.
Genome-Wide SNPs Redefines Species Boundaries and Conservation Units in the Freshwater Mussel Genus Cyprogenia of North America
Authors: Roe Kevin , Kim Kyung Seok 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Detailed information on species delineation and population genetic structure is a prerequisite for designing effective restoration and conservation strategies for imperiled organisms. Phylogenomic and population genomic analyses based on genome-wide ddRAD-Seq data has identified three allopatric lineages in the North American freshwater mussel genus Cyprogenia. Cyprogenia stegaria is restricted to the Eastern Highlands and displays little genetic structuring within this region. However, two allopatric clusters of C. aberti in the Ozark and Ouachita highlands exhibit substantial levels (mean FST = 0.120) of genetic differentiation and each warrants recognition as a distinct evolutionary lineage. Lineages of Cyprogenia in the Ouachita and Ozark highlands are further subdivided reflecting structuring at the level of river systems. Species tree inference and species delimitation in a Bayesian framework using SNP data supported results from phylogenetic analyses, which favors recognizing three species of Cyprogenia over the currently recognized two species.A comparison of SNPs generated from both destructively and non-destructively collected samples revealed no significant difference in the SNP error rate, quality and amount of ddRAD sequence reads, indicating that nondestructive or trace samples can be effectively utilized to generate SNP data for organisms for which destructive sampling is not permitted.
A Novel Prognostic Nomogram Based on Metastasis-Related Genes Signature for Predicting the Progression-free Interval in Patients With Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Rui , Wu Mengwei , Cao Zhen , Li Xiaobin , Yuan Hongwei , Liu Ziwen 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: The recurrence rate for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) after surgery is high, which is a significant issue for patients regarding with low-grade malignancy. We built a novel predictive model with metastasis-related genes (MTGs) and relevant clinical parameters for predicting progression-free interval (PFI) after surgery for PTC.Methods: We performed a bioinformatic analysis of integrated PTC datasets with the MTGs to identify differentially expressed MTGs (DE-MTGs). Then we generated PFI-related DE-MTGs and established a 14-gene signature using Lasso-Penalty regression. Finally, we established a signature and clinical parameters-based nomogram for predicting the PFI of PTC . We then validated the efficacy of the signature in marking off high risk patients; the nomogram's performance in predicting PFI was also evaluated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Harrell's concordance index (C-index).Results: We identified 155 DE-MTGs related to PFI in PTC. The functional enrichment analysis showed that the DE-MTGs were associated with important oncogenic process. Consequently, we found a novel 14-gene signature. The 14-gene signature could distinguish patients with poorer prognosis and predicted PFI accurately. The signature was a significant independent prognostic factor in PTC. Finally, we built a nomogram by including the signature and relevant clinical factors. Validation analysis showed that the nomogram’s efficacy was superior to the current clinical risk evaluating system in predicting the recurrence of PTC. Conclusions: The 14-gene signature and nomogram were closely associated with PTC prognosis and may help clinicians improve the individualized prediction of PFI, especially for high-risk patients after surgery.