bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A structural health monitoring system of the overhead transmission line conductor
Authors: Zhao Long , Zhang Tian , Huang Xinbo , Zhang Ye , Liu Wei 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTransmission lines are affected by aeolian vibration, sandstorms and acid rain, which cause structural damage and eventually lead to line breaking accidents. In this paper, the structural health monitoring technology of conductors is researched, and a structural monitoring system for conductors is designed. First, based on the structure of the ACSR (Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced) conductor and the dynamic equation, the relation between the natural frequencies and the structure of the conductor is obtained. Then, an online health monitoring system of the conductor structure is proposed, and key issues, such as the power supply solution of sensors, data preprocessing technology, multiple‐sensor synchronization method, are analyzed in detail. Finally, the structural health monitoring of overhead transmission lines designed in this paper is tested on 110‐kV experimental transmission lines. The experimental results show that from the system proposed the operation parameters of the conductors can be well obtained.
The extension of the fundamental metallicity relation beyond the BPT star-forming sequence: Evidence for both gas accretion and starvation
Authors: Kumari Nimisha , Maiolino Roberto , Trussler James , Mannucci Filippo , Cresci Giovanni , Curti Mirko , Marconi Alessandro , Belfiore Francesco 
Published: October 2021

Context.The fundamental metallicity relation (FMR) of galaxies is a 3D relation between the gas-phase metallicity, stellar mass, and star-formation rate (SFR). So far, it has only been studied for galaxies identified as star forming (SF) on the BPT diagrams (BPT-SF), but not for galaxies with LI(N)ER/AGN classification (BPT-non-SF), mainly because of the lack of diagnostics for estimating their gas-phase metallicities in the latter cases.Aims.We extend the FMR to BPT-non-SF galaxies.Methods.To this end, we exploit the recent nebular line empirical calibrations derived specifically for galaxies classified as non-SF in the BPT diagrams. Moreover, we study an alternative representation of the FMR where we consider the offsets in metallicity and SFR with respect to main sequence (MS) galaxies.Results.We find that galaxies with SFR higher than the MS are more metal-poor than their counterparts on the MS, which is interpreted in terms of gas accretion boosting star formation and diluting the metallicity. Low-mass galaxies below the MS (i.e. towards quiescence) have higher metallicities than their MS counterparts, which is interpreted in terms of starvation (i.e. suppression of fresh gas supply) hampering star formation and reducing the dilution effect, hence resulting in a higher level of internal chemical enrichment. Massive galaxies below the MS have a gas metallicity that is much closer to their MS counterparts and much lower than expected from their stellar metallicities; this result suggests a scenario where massive nearly quiescent galaxies with LI(N)ER-like nebular emission have recently accreted gas from the circum/intergalactic medium.
The influence of gravity on granular impacts
Authors: Sunday Cecily , Zhang Yun , Thuillet Florian , Tardivel Simon , Michel Patrick , Murdoch Naomi 
Published: October 2021

Context. Impacts on small-body surfaces can occur naturally during cratering events or even strategically during carefully planned impact experiments, sampling maneuvers, and landing attempts. A proper interpretation of impact dynamics allows for a better understanding of the physical properties and the dynamical process of their regolith-covered surfaces and their general evolution.
Aims. This work aims to first validate low-velocity, low-gravity impact simulations against experimental results, and then to discuss the observed collision behaviors in terms of a popular phenomenological collision model and a commonly referenced scaling relationship.
Methods. We performed simulations using the soft-sphere discrete element method and two different codes, Chrono and pkdgrav. The simulations consist of a 10-cm-diameter spherical projectile impacting a bed of approximately 1-cm-diameter glass beads at collision velocities up to 1 m s−1. The impact simulations and experiments were conducted under terrestrial and low-gravity conditions, and the experimental results were used to calibrate the simulation parameters.
Results. Both Chrono and pkdgrav succeed in replicating the terrestrial gravity impact experiments with high and comparable computational performance, allowing us to simulate impacts in other gravity conditions with confidence. Low-gravity impact simulations with Chrono show that the penetration depth and collision duration both increase when the gravity level decreases. However, the presented collision model and scaling relationship fail to describe the projectile’s behavior over the full range of impact cases.
Conclusions. The impact simulations reveal that the penetration depth is a more reliable metric than the peak acceleration for assessing collision behavior in a coarse-grained material. This observation is important to consider when analyzing lander-regolith interactions using the accelerometer data from small-body missions. The objective of future work will be to determine the correct form and applicability of the cited collision models for different impact velocity and gravity regimes.
Gaia early DR3 systemic motions of Local Group dwarf galaxies and orbital properties with a massive Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Battaglia G. , Taibi S. , Thomas G. F. , Fritz T. K. 
Published: October 2021

Aims. We perform a comprehensive determination of the systemic proper motions of 74 dwarf galaxies and dwarf galaxy candidates in the Local Group based on Gaia early data release 3. The outputs of the analysis for each galaxy, including probabilities of membership, will be made publicly available. The analysis is augmented by a determination of the orbital properties of galaxies within 500 kpc.
Methods. We adopt a flexible Bayesian methodology presented in the literature, which takes into account the location of the stars on the sky, on the colour-magnitude diagram, and on the proper motion plane. We applied some modifications, in particular to the way the colour-magnitude diagram and spectroscopic information are factored in, for example, by including stars in several evolution phases. The bulk motions were integrated in three gravitational potentials: two where the Milky Way was treated in isolation and has a mass 0.9 & 1.6 × 1012 M⊙, and a time-varying potential, which includes the infall of a massive Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC).
Results. We were able to determine bulk proper motions for 73 systems, and we consider 66 to be reliable measurements. For the first time, systemic motions are presented for galaxies out to a distance of 1.4 Mpc in the NGC 3109 association. The inclusion of the infall of a massive LMC significantly modifies the orbital trajectories of the objects, with respect to orbit integration in static Milky-Way-only potentials, and this leads to six galaxies likely being associated with the LMC, three possibly being associated with it, and one recently captured object. We discuss the results of the orbit integration in the context of the relation of the galaxies to the system of Milky Way satellites, implications for the too-big-to-fail problem, the impact on star formation histories, and tidal disruption.
Deep Chandra observations of merging galaxy cluster ZwCl 2341+0000
Authors: Zhang X. , Simionescu A. , Stuardi C. , van Weeren R. J. , Intema H. T. , Akamatsu H. , de Plaa J. , Kaastra J. S. , Bonafede A. , Brüggen M. , ZuHone J. , Ichinohe Y. 
Published: October 2021

Context. Knowledge of X-ray shock and radio relic connection in merging galaxy clusters has been greatly extended in terms of both observation and theory over the last decade. ZwCl 2341+0000 is a double-relic merging galaxy cluster; previous studies have shown that half of the southern relic is associated with an X-ray surface brightness discontinuity, while the other half not. The discontinuity was believed to be a shock front. Therefore, it is a mysterious case of an only partial shock-relic connection.
Aims. By using the 206.5 ks deep Chandra observations, we aim to investigate the nature of the southern surface brightness discontinuity. Meanwhile, we aim to explore new morphological and thermodynamical features.
Methods. We perform both imaging and spectroscopic analyses to investigate the morphological and thermodynamical properties of the cluster. In addition to the X-ray data, we utilize the GMRT 325 MHz image and JVLA 1.5 GHz and 3.0 GHz images to compute radio spectral index maps.
Results. Surface brightness profile fitting and the temperature profile suggest that the previously reported southern surface brightness discontinuity is better described as a sharp change in slope or as a kink. This kink is likely contributed by the disrupted core of the southern subcluster. The radio spectral index maps show spectral flattening at the south-eastern edge of the southern relic, suggesting that the location of the shock front is 640 kpc away from the kink, where the X-ray emission is too faint to detect a surface brightness discontinuity. We update the radio shock Mach number to be ℳradio, S = 2.2 ± 0.1 and ℳradio, N = 2.4 ± 0.4 for the southern and northern radio relics based on the injection spectral indices. We also put a 3σ lower limit on the X-ray Mach number of the southern shock to be ℳX-ray, S > 1.6. Meanwhile, the deep observations reveal that the northern subcluster is in a perfect cone shape, with a ∼400 kpc linear cold front on each side. This type of conic subcluster has been predicted by simulations but is observed here for the first time. It represents a transition stage between a blunt-body cold front and a slingshot cold front. Strikingly, we found a 400 kpc long gas trail attached to the apex of the cone, which could be due to the gas stripping. In addition, an over-pressured hot region is found in the south-western flank of the cluster.
Stellar and substellar companions from Gaia EDR3
Authors: Kervella Pierre , Arenou Frédéric , Thévenin Frédéric 
Published: October 2021

Context. The multiplicity fraction of stars, down to the substellar regime, is a parameter of fundamental importance for stellar formation, evolution, and planetology. The census of multiple stars in the solar neighborhood is however incomplete.
Aims. Our study is aimed at detecting companions of HIPPARCOS catalog stars from the proper motion anomaly (PMa) they induce on their host star, namely, the difference between their long-term HIPPARCOS-Gaia and short-term Gaia proper motion vectors. We also aim to detect resolved, gravitationally bound companions of the HIPPARCOS catalog stars (117 955 stars) and of the Gaia EDR3 stars closer than 100 pc (542 232 stars).
Methods. Using the HIPPARCOS and EDR3 data, we revised the PMa catalog for the HIPPARCOS stars. In order to identify gravitationally bound visual companions of our sample, we searched the Gaia EDR3 catalog for common proper-motion (CPM) candidates.
Results. The detection of tangential velocity anomalies with a median accuracy of σ(ΔvT) = 26 cm s−1 per parsec of distance is demonstrated with the EDR3. This improvement by a factor 2.5 in accuracy, as compared to Gaia DR2, results in PMa detection limits on companions that are well into the planetary mass regime for many targets. We identify 37 515 HIPPARCOS stars presenting a PMa at significant level (S/N > 3), namely, a fraction of 32% (compared to 30% for the DR2) and 12 914 (11%) hosting CPM bound candidate companions. After including the Gaia EDR3 renormalised unit weight error (RUWE > 1.4) as an additional indicator, 50 720 stars of the HIPPARCOS catalog (43%) exhibit at least one signal of binarity. Among the Gaia EDR3 stars located within 100 pc, we find CPM bound candidate companions for 39 490 stars (7.3% of the sample).
Conclusions. The search for companions using a combination of the PMa, CPM, and RUWE indicators significantly improves the exhaustivity of the multiplicity survey. The detection of CPM companions of very bright stars (heavily saturated on the Gaia detectors) that are classical benchmark objects for stellar physics provides a useful proxy for estimating their distance with a higher accuracy than with HIPPARCOS.
Neuropsychiatrische Störungen bei idiopathischem Parkinson-Syndrom
Authors: Paulig Mario 
Published: October 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGUnter nicht motorischen Symptomen nehmen neuropsychiatrische Störungen im gesamten Krankheitsverlauf eine herausragende Stellung ein. Sie sind nach wie vor unterdiagnostiziert, haben jedoch erhebliche Auswirkungen auf die Lebensqualität des Patienten und der Angehörigen. Einige Symptome können auf eine ungünstige Prognose verweisen. Die Mehrzahl der neuropsychiatrischen Störungen kann bei einer zielgerichteten klinischen Anamnese unter Einschluss der Angehörigen erfasst werden. Manchmal, z. B. bei kognitiven Defiziten, bedarf es einer neuropsychologischen Testung. Die Behandlung umfasst medikamentöse und nicht medikamentöse Maßnahmen. Allerdings gibt es nur relativ wenig Daten aus kontrollierten Studien, die die Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit einzelner Therapiemaßnahmen belegen.
AGO Recommendations for the Surgical Therapy of the Axilla After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: 2021 Update
Authors: Friedrich Michael , Kühn Thorsten , Janni Wolfgang , Müller Volkmar , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie , Kolberg-Liedtke Cornelia , Jackisch Christian , Krug David , Albert Ute-Susann , Bauerfeind Ingo , Blohmer Jens , Budach Wilfried , Dall Peter , Fallenberg Eva M. , Fasching Peter A. , Fehm Tanja , Gerber Bernd , Gluz Oleg , Hanf Volker , Harbeck Nadia , Heil Jörg , Huober Jens , Kreipe Hans-Heinrich , Kümmel Sherko , Loibl Sibylle , Lüftner Diana , Lux Michael Patrick , Maass Nicolai , Möbus Volker , Mundhenke Christoph , Nitz Ulrike , Park-Simon Tjoung-Won , Reimer Toralf , Rhiem Kerstin , Rody Achim , Schmidt Marcus , Schneeweiss Andreas , Schütz Florian , Sinn Hans-Peter , Solbach Christine , Solomayer Erich-Franz , Stickeler Elmar , Thomssen Christoph , Untch Michael , Witzel Isabell , Wöckel Achim , Thill Marc , Ditsch Nina 
Published: October 2021

AbstractFor many decades, the standard procedure to treat breast cancer included complete dissection of the axillary lymph nodes. The aim was to determine histological node status, which was then used as the basis for adjuvant therapy, and to ensure locoregional tumour control. In addition to the debate on how to optimise the therapeutic strategies of systemic treatment and radiotherapy, the current discussion focuses on improving surgical procedures to treat breast cancer. As neoadjuvant chemotherapy is becoming increasingly important, the surgical procedures used to treat breast cancer, whether they are breast surgery or axillary dissection, are changing. Based on the currently available data, carrying out SLNE prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy is not recommended. In contrast, surgical axillary management after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is considered the procedure of choice for axillary staging and can range from SLNE to TAD and ALND. To reduce the rate of false negatives
during surgical staging of the axilla in pN+CNB stage before NACT and ycN0 after NACT, targeted axillary dissection (TAD), the removal of > 2 SLNs (SLNE, no untargeted axillary sampling), immunohistochemistry to detect isolated tumour cells and micro-metastases, and marking positive lymph nodes before NACT should be the standard approach. This most recent update on surgical axillary management describes the significance of isolated tumour cells and micro-metastasis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the clinical consequences of low volume residual disease diagnosed using SLNE and TAD and provides an overview of this yearʼs AGO recommendations for surgical management of the axilla during primary surgery and in relation to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Morbus Parkinson und Restless-legs-Syndrom – ein unterschätztes Problem?
Authors: Messner Michael 
Published: October 2021

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDas idiopathische Parkinson-Syndrom (IPS) gehört zu den häufigsten neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen mit multiplen motorischen und nicht motorischen Symptomen. Schlafstörungen sind das häufigste nicht motorische Symptom bei Parkinson 1. Das Restless-legs-Syndrom (RLS) ist eine häufige, schlafassoziierte Bewegungsstörung. Eine Metaanalyse hat eine erhöhte Prävalenz von RLS bei IPS-Patienten im Vergleich zu gesunden Kontrollen gezeigt 3, 7, 9, 12, 21. Es gibt mittlerweile viele Hinweise, dass die IPS-RLS-Gruppe einen längeren Krankheitsverlauf, ein fortgeschrittenes Krankheitsstadium, höhere Scores motorischer Symptome, Depression, Angst, Schlafstörungen, Fatigue und Apathie sowie ein reduziertes Transferrin und Ferritin im Serum aufweisen 35. Die dopaminerge Medikation ist die effektivste Therapie des IPS und hat therapeutische Effekte auf das RLS. Wir vermuten aber auch, dass eine dopaminerge Langzeittherapie ein Risiko für die Entwicklung einer RLS-Augmentation darstellt 9. Dabei sollte immer an einen möglichen Eisenmangel gedacht werden. Die tiefe Hirnstimulation, als eine mögliche alternative Therapie, scheint bei Parkinson-Patienten mit RLS die Schlafqualität zu verbessern 24, 32.
Rauchen und Komorbidität ohne Einfluss auf geplante Zieldosis der Radio(chemo)therapie
Authors: Fazel Asita , Quabius Elgar Susanne , Fabian Alexander , Schleicher Thilo , Kress Konstantin , Laudien Martin , Huber Karen , Herzog Arved , Gonzales Donate Mireia , Hoffmann Markus 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungRauchen verschlechtert die Prognose von Patienten mit HNSCC. Darüber hinaus ist Rauchen mit der Prävalenz von Ko- und Multimorbidität assoziiert, sodass angenommen wird, dass Rauchen nicht per se, sondern Ko-/Multimorbidität die Prognose durch mangelnde Compliance an die Therapie durch z. B. Dosisreduktion der geplanten Therapie verschlechtert. Allerdings sind die Daten zu diesem Thema, insbesondere für HNSCC, derzeit spärlich und widersprüchlich.Patientenakten und Tumordokumentationen von 643 konsekutiven Fällen des Kopf-Hals-Tumorzentrums der Universitätsklinik Kiel wurden retrospektiv ausgewertet. Patientencharakteristiken und Rauchgewohnheiten wurden erfasst und mit Komorbiditäten und Behandlungsverlauf korreliert.Die untersuchten 643 Patientenakten zeigen, dass 113 (17,6 %) Patient*innen nicht, 349 (54,3 %) aktiv und 180 (28 %) vormals geraucht haben. 315 (49 %) sind ausschließlich chirurgisch therapiert, 121 (18,8 %) mittels Chirurgie + adjuvanter Radio(chemo)therapie (RCT) und 72 (11,2 %) mittels Chirurgie + adjuvanter RT. 111 (17,3 %) erhielten eine primäre RCT und 24 (3,7 %) eine primäre RT. 131 (20,4 %) weisen Ko-/Multimorbidität auf und 512 (79,6 %) nicht. Rauchen (> 10 Pack Years) ist signifikant mit Komorbidität assoziiert (p = 0,002). Allerdings sind Rauchen und Komorbidität, weder allein noch in Kombination, mit dem Erreichen der Zieldosis der RCT korreliert (p > 0,05).Wie erwartet, ist Rauchen signifikant mit Ko-/Multimorbidität verknüpft. Dosisreduktion der R(C)T ist bei aktiven Rauchern und Patienten mit Ko-/Multimorbidität ebenso häufig wie bei Nichtrauchern und Patienten ohne Ko-/Multimorbidität. Rauchen und Ko-/Multimorbidität beeinflussen demnach die Prognose auf andere Weise als durch Beeinträchtigung geplanter Therapieschemata.
2020 WHO Classification of Female Genital Tumors
Authors: Höhn Anne Kathrin , Brambs Christine E. , Hiller Grit Gesine Ruth , May Doris , Schmoeckel Elisa , Horn Lars-Christian 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe 2020 WHO classification is focused on the distinction between HPV-associated and HPV-independent squamous cell carcinoma of the lower female genital organs. Differentiating according to HPV association does not replace the process of grading; however, the WHO classification does not recommend any specific grading system. VIN are also differentiated according to whether they are HPV(p16)-associated. HPV-independent adenocarcinoma (AC) of the cervix uteri has an unfavorable prognosis. Immunohistochemical p16 expression is considered to be a surrogate marker for HPV association. HPV-associated AC of the cervix uteri is determined using the prognostically relevant Silva pattern.
Angst und Depression bei Typ-1-Diabetes – Erste Ergebnisse des Screenings auf psychische Komorbiditäten bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen im Rahmen des COACH-Konsortiums
Authors: Köstner Katharina , Geirhos Agnes , Ranz Ramona , Galler Angela , Schöttler Hanna , Klose Daniela , Feldhahn Lutz , Flury Monika , Schaaf Katja , Holterhus Paul-Martin , Meissner Thomas , Warschburger Petra , Minden Kirsten , Temming Svenja , Müller-Stierlin Annabel S. , Baumeister Harald , Holl Reinhard W. 
Published: October 2021

ZusammenfassungDie interdisziplinäre Forschungskooperation COACH-Konsortium (Chronic Conditions in Adolescents – Implementation and Evaluation of Patient-centered Collaborative Healthcare) untersucht die psychosoziale Situation von Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen mit chronischen körperlichen Erkrankungen. Zur Untersuchung der psychischen Komorbidität wurden bisher 1.023 Patienten mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 im Alter von 12–21 Jahren bei Routinevorstellungen in der Klinik bzw. Ambulanz mittels der Screening-Fragebogen Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) und Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7) zu Angst- und Depressionssymptomen befragt. 29,8 % der Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen zeigten ein auffälliges Screening-Ergebnis. Dabei wurden 17,8 % der Fragebogen zu Angstsymptomen und 25,6 % der Fragebogen zu Depressionssymptomen auffällig mit Gesamtscore-Werten ≥ 7 in GAD-7 bzw. PHQ-9 beantwortet. Patienten mit erhöhten Depressions- und Angstwerten wiesen im Mittel einen deutlich höheren medianen HbA1c-Wert als Zeichen einer schlechteren Stoffwechseleinstellung auf (8,33 [8,09; 8,56]) als Patienten mit unauffälligem Screening (7,58 [7,48; 7,68]; p < 0,0001). Angesichts der hohen Prävalenz auffälliger Depressions- und Angstwerte und der Assoziation mit höheren HbA1c-Werten sollte bei allen Jugendlichen mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 1 regelmäßig das Vorliegen psychischer Belastungen abgeklärt werden. Dies könnte eine frühzeitige Diagnose einer psychischen Komorbidität und Intervention ermöglichen. Auf der Basis der Studien im COACH-Projekt können nun evidenzbasierte Empfehlungen für die interdisziplinäre Gesundheitsversorgung von Jugendlichen mit chronischen körperlichen Erkrankungen erstellt werden, die die psychischen Komorbiditäten systematisch berücksichtigen.
Asymmetric C–H Functionalization Enabled by Pd/Chiral Phosphoric Acid Combined Catalysis
Authors: Gong Liu-Zhu , Wang Pu-Sheng 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOver the past decade, the combination of chiral phosphoric acid and palladium catalysis has emerged as a robust strategy to accomplish the regio- and stereoselective functionalization of inactive C–H bonds, enabling access to various types of chirality (central, planar, and axial). This review article describes the origin and advances in the asymmetric functionalization of allylic C–H, C(sp2)–H, and C(sp3)–H bonds enabled by chiral phosphoric acid and palladium combined catalysis.1	Introduction2.1	Enantioselective Allylic C–H Functionalization2.2	Enantioselective Non-allylic C(sp3)–H Functionalization2.3	Enantioselective C(sp2)–H Functionalization3	Conclusion