bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Connectivity Alterations Based on the Weighted Phase Lag Index: An Exploratory Electroencephalography Study on Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Yan Yi , Zhao Aonan , Ying Weina , Qiu Yinghui , Ding Yanfei , Wang Ying , Xu Wei , Deng Yulei 
Published: October 2021

Objectives:
Numerous electroencephalography (EEG) studies focus on the alteration of
electrical activity in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), but there are no consistent results especially
regarding functional connectivity. We supposed that the weighted Phase Lag Index (w-
PLI), as phase-based measures of functional connectivity, may be used as an auxiliary diagnostic
method for AD.

Methods:
We enrolled 30 patients with AD, 30 patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI),
and 30 Healthy Controls (HC). EEGs were recorded in all participants at baseline during relaxed
wakefulness. Following EEG preprocessing, Power Spectral Density (PSD) and wPLI parameters
were determined to further analyze whether they were correlated to cognitive scores.

Results:
In the patients with AD, the increased PSD in theta band was presented compared with
MCI and HC groups, which was associated with disturbances of the directional, computational, and
delayed memory capacity. Furthermore, the wPLI revealed a distinctly lower connection strength
between frontal and distant areas in the delta band and a higher connection strength of the central
and temporo-occipital region in the theta band for AD patients. Moreover,we found a significant
negative correlation between theta functional connectivity and cognitive scores.

Conclusions:
Increased theta PSD and decreased delta wPLI may be one of the earliest changes in
AD and associated with disease severity. The parameter wPLI is a novel measurement of phase
synchronization and has potentials in understanding underlying functional connectivity and aiding
in the diagnostics of AD.
Clinical, Neuropsychological, and Neuroimaging Characteristics of Amyloid- positive vs. Amyloid-negative Patients with Clinically Diagnosed Alzheimer’s Disease and Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Wang Yue , Lou Fanghua , Li Yonggang , Liu Fang , Wang Ying , Cai Li , Gordon Marc L. , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zhang Nan 
Published: October 2021

Background:
A significant proportion of patients with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer’s
Disease (AD) and an even higher proportion of patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment
(aMCI) do not show evidence of amyloid deposition on Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
with amyloid-binding tracers such as 11C-labeled Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB).

Objective:
This study aimed to identify clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging factors that
might suggest amyloid neuropathology in patients with clinically suspected AD or aMCI.

Methods:
Forty patients with mild to moderate AD and 23 patients with aMCI who were clinically
diagnosed in our memory clinic and had PiB PET scans were included. Clinical, neuropsychological,
and imaging characteristics, such as Medial Temporal lobe Atrophy (MTA) and White Matter
Hyperintensities (WMH) on MRI and metabolic pattern on 18F-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)
PET, were compared between patients with PiB positive and negative PET results for AD, aMCI,
and all subjects combined, respectively.

Results:
Compared with PiB positive patients, PiB negative patients had a higher prevalence of hypertension
history, better performance on the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Rey Auditory
Verbal Learning Test, and the Judgement of Line Orientation, lower score of MTA, and were less
likely to have temporoparietal-predominant hypometabolism on FDG PET. Affective symptoms
were less common in PiB negative patients diagnosed with AD, and the Animal Fluency Test score
was higher in PiB negative patients diagnosed with aMCI.

Conclusion:
In patients with clinically diagnosed AD or aMCI, absence of a history of hypertension,
deficits in verbal learning and memory, visuospatial function, semantic verbal fluency, presence
of affective symptoms, MTA on MRI, and temporoparietal hypometabolism on FDG PET
suggested amyloid deposition in the brain.
Design, Synthesis and In vitroCytotoxic Evaluation of Novel Hybrids of
Artemisinin and Quinazolinone
Authors: Vu Tran Khac , Nguyen Bach Xuan , Duy Linh Nguyen Pham , Truong Thuc Bao Nguyen , Phung Anh Tuan , Phuong Nguyen Thi Bich , Van Tran Thi Hai , Vu Thi Xuan 
Published: October 2021

Background:
In this study, two novel hybrid series of artemisinin and quinazolinones
were synthesized and evaluated in vitro cytotoxicity against two human cancer cell lines, including
SKLu-1 (lung cancer), MCF- 7 (breast cancer). The bio-assay results indicated that most of
the target compounds exhibited cytotoxic activities against both human cancer cell lines tested
and seemed to be more cytotoxic toward the breast (MCF-7) cancer cells than lung (SKLu-1)
cancer cells. Among the synthesized artemisinin hybrids, the compound 13d containing a
quinazolinone conjugated system exhibited the most potent cytotoxicity against the SKLu-1 and
MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 1.62 and 0.77 μM, respectively.

Objective:
This study aims at developing novel hybrids of artemisinin and quinazolinones as anticancer
agents.

Method:
A series of novel hybrids were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for cytotoxicity
against two human cancer cell lines, including SKLu-1 and MCF-7, using the SRB method.

Results:
All thirteen hybrids of artemisinin with quinazolinone exhibited cytotoxic activity
against two tested cancer cell lines, in which the compound 13d exhibited the most potent cytotoxicity
against the SKLu-1 and MCF-7 cell lines with IC50 values of 1.62 and 0.77 μM, respectively.

Conclusion:
The research results suggest that some compounds could be considered as leads for
future design of hybrids and have the potential for further studies in the field of anti-cancer agent
development.
Copper-Catalyzed Ultrasonic-Promoted Coupling of Acetylene Analogs,
Dialkyl azo dicarboxylate, and Benzazoles to Assemble Tricyclic Fused-
Ring [1,2,3]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3]benzazole Analogs
Authors: Nematpour Manijeh , Karimi Nafiseh , Mahboubi-Rabbani Mohammad 
Published: October 2021

:
An unprecedented copper-catalyzed reaction of acetylene analogs with dialkyl azo dicarboxylate
and benzazole analogs via a cross-coupling sequence was reported. A library of triazolobenzazole
fused ring systems including [1,2,3] triazolo [3,4-b] [1,3] benzothiazole, [1,2,3]
triazolo [3,4-b] [1,3] benzoxazole and [1,2,3] triazolo[3,4-b][1,3]benzimidazole structures were
obtained in moderate to excellent yields under very mild reaction conditions. Structural confirmation
of the final products became possible using different methods like spectroscopy and elemental
analysis. The control experiments indicated C-H activation of acetylene by copper salts,
followed by cycloaddition between a 2-(phenylethynyl)benzo[d]azol-3(2H)-yl anion and azo dicarboxylate
as the key mechanistic feature. The broad substrate scope with simple and easily affordable
starting materials, as well as mild reaction conditions are the noticeable attributes of this
methodology, which provides facile access to the desired products.
Neuroprotective Effect of Nano Emulsion Containing Salvia on CA1 Region
of Hippocampus Following Transient Global Ischemia/Reperfusion in
Rat
Authors: Abdolrahimkhan Mahsa , Kazemi Negar Motakef , Movassaghi Shabnam , Gharehkhani Nazanin , Arani Hamid Zaferani , Sharifi Zahra Nadia 
Published: October 2021

Background:
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is one of the major causes of mortality.
I/R injury leads to apoptosis in the brain, especially in the hippocampus and induces cognitive impairments.
On the other hand, Salvia officinalis L. is perennial, evergreen subshrub that is widely
used in traditional medicine. The antiapoptosis and antioxidant effects of Salvia officinalis L. have
also been reported.

Objective:
In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of Salvia officinalis L. on the expression
of genes involved in apoptosis and percentage of viable neurons in the CA1 hippocampal region of
rats following transient global I/R.

Methods:
The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase 3 was evaluated using Real time PCR. Nissl
staining was used to measure the number of viable neurons. The percentage of cell viability was also
evaluated using MTT assay and flow cytometry. Salvia officinalis L. was injected intraperitoneal
at the doses of 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg at both aqueous-alcoholic and aqueous extracts.

Results:
The expression of Bax and Caspase 3 was increased and the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased
following transient global I/R in the CA1 region. The injection of Salvia officinalis L. at
most doses reversed the effect of transient global I/R on genes expression. The number of viable
neurons in the CA1 region was also decreased following transient global I/R and injection of
Salvia officinalis L. at all doses reversed this effect.

Conclusion:
Transient global I/R significantly promotes apoptosis and cell death, and Salvia officinalis
L. may induce neuroprotective and anti-apoptosis effects.
Content and Dynamics of Websites Shared Over Vaccine-Related Tweets in COVID-19 Conversations: Computational Analysis
Authors: Cruickshank Iain , Ginossar Tamar , Sulskis Jason , Zheleva Elena , Berger-Wolf Tanya 
Published: October 2021

BackgroundThe onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent “infodemic” increased concerns about Twitter’s role in advancing antivaccination messages, even before a vaccine became available to the public. New computational methods allow for analysis of cross-platform use by tracking links to websites shared over Twitter, which, in turn, can uncover some of the content and dynamics of information sources and agenda-setting processes. Such understanding can advance theory and efforts to reduce misinformation.ObjectiveInformed by agenda-setting theory, this study aimed to identify the content and temporal patterns of websites shared in vaccine-related tweets posted to COVID-19 conversations on Twitter between February and June 2020.MethodsWe used triangulation of data analysis methods. Data mining consisted of the screening of around 5 million tweets posted to COVID-19 conversations to identify tweets that related to vaccination and including links to websites shared within these tweets. We further analyzed the content the 20 most-shared external websites using a mixed methods approach.ResultsOf 841,896 vaccination-related tweets identified, 185,994 (22.1%) contained links to specific websites. A wide range of websites were shared, with the 20 most-tweeted websites constituting 14.5% (27,060/185,994) of the shared websites and typically being shared for only 2 to 3 days. Traditional media constituted the majority of these 20 websites, along with other social media and governmental sources. We identified markers of inauthentic propagation for some of these links.ConclusionsThe topic of vaccination was prevalent in tweets about COVID-19 early in the pandemic. Sharing websites was a common communication strategy, and its “bursty” pattern and inauthentic propagation strategies pose challenges for health promotion efforts. Future studies should consider cross-platform use in dissemination of health information and in counteracting misinformation.
Development of a Severity Score and Comparison With Validated Measures for Depression and Anxiety: Validation Study
Authors: Lynch William , Platt Michael L , Pardes Adam 
Published: October 2021

Background
Less than 10% of the individuals seeking behavioral health care receive measurement-based care (MBC). Technology has the potential to implement MBC in a secure and efficient manner. To test this idea, a mobile health (mHealth) platform was developed with the goal of making MBC easier to deliver by clinicians and more accessible to patients within integrated behavioral health care. Data from over 3000 users of the mHealth platform were used to develop an output severity score, a robust screening measure for depression and anxiety.

Objective
The aim of this study is to compare severity scores with scores from validated assessments for depression and anxiety and scores from clinician review to evaluate the potential added value of this new measure.

Methods
The severity score uses patient-reported and passively collected data related to behavioral health on an mHealth platform. An artificial intelligence–derived algorithm was developed that condenses behavioral health data into a single, quantifiable measure for longitudinal tracking of an individual’s depression and anxiety symptoms. Linear regression and Bland-Altman analyses were used to evaluate the relationships and differences between severity scores and Personal Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) or Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores from over 35,000 mHealth platform users. The severity score was also compared with a review by a panel of expert clinicians for a subset of 250 individuals.

Results
Linear regression results showed a strong correlation between the severity score and PHQ-9 (r=0.74; P<.001) and GAD-7 (r=0.80; P<.001) changes. A strong positive correlation was also found between the severity score and expert panel clinical review (r=0.80-0.84; P<.001). However, Bland-Altman analysis and the evaluation of outliers on regression analysis showed that the severity score was significantly different from the PHQ-9.

Conclusions
Clinicians can reliably use the mHealth severity score as a proxy measure for screening and monitoring behavioral health symptoms longitudinally. The severity score may identify at-risk individuals who are not identified by the PHQ-9. Further research is warranted to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the severity score.
Eficacia de las vacunas contra el SARS-CoV-2 en México y el mundo
Authors: Camarillo Nava Víctor M. , Pérez López Danae , López Rojas Elizabeth 
Published: October 2021

<p>La fase en la que se encuentra la pandemia en diferentes regiones del mundo es compleja, una alta transmisión comunitaria de variantes adaptadas para poder infectar a más susceptibles, combinada con la creciente disponibilidad de distintas vacunas contra la covid-19, lleva a la necesidad de revisar aspectos básicos sobre las vacunas como su eficacia, dosis y efectos secundarios principales, entre otros aspectos de interés.<strong> </strong>También es importante contrastar las vacunas contra la covid-19 que se aplican en la actualidad.<strong> </strong>En esta revisión se realizó una búsqueda intencionada por tipo de vacuna aplicada en México y laboratorio fabricante. Se seleccionaron ensayos clínicos y diferentes fuentes secundarias en PubMed y motores de búsqueda académicos. La variable principal de búsqueda fue eficacia de la vacuna y su perfil de seguridad, las variables secundarias fueron plataformas virales, dosis y sitio de aplicación.<strong> </strong>Hasta el momento de la búsqueda de esta información se contaba con 287 vacunas contra la covid-19 en desarrollo, en nuestro país se habían autorizado cinco diferentes vacunas; una basada en tecnología en arnm (Pfizer), cuatro basadas en vectores virales (AstraZeneca, CanSino, Sputnik V, Jennsen) y una basada en virus inactivos (Sinovac). A excepción de CanSino cuyos datos de eficacia no están disponibles, el desempeño en las otras vacunas autorizadas ofrece un excelente perfil de seguridad y protección contra la covid-19. Se deben reforzar las actividades que mejoren la cobertura de vacunación en la población mexicana.</p>
A Study of Rock Art Monuments in the Archaeology of China (Ancient and Medieval Times)
Authors: Komissarov Sergey , Solov'ev Aleksandr , Cheremisin Dmitriy , Kudinova Mariya 
Published: October 2021

The project aims at a detailed review of the published Chinese studies of rock art. The petroglyphs are extremely instructive; however, they remain largely unknown outside of China. These data are of particular relevance to Russian archaeologists as the petroglyphs of Northern, Northwestern, and Northeastern China share many similarities with the rock art of the neighboring territories of Southern Siberia, Mongolia, and the Far East.
The paper briefly presents the key stages of the field study of Chinese rock art and the main findings. The authors also list the unimplemented developments, which may serve as a basis for future expeditions.
Creative Opportunities of the Language in Online Communication
Authors: Ivanova Mariya , Klushina Natal'ya 
Published: October 2021

The paper reports the findings of the study of the implementation of the creative function of language in Internet communication. This research perspective allows to consistently describe the functioning of language online and to explain the visible and controversially viewed by academics (as innovative or as destructive) processes in the language system, occurring under the influence of the Internet environment. The revision of traditional standards of communication when communicating via Internet occurs, first of all, due to extralinguistic factors (primarily, digital transformation) and, secondly, due to the Internet interlocutors’ (both the speaker and the listener) attitude towards creative use of the language. The new extralinguistic conditions of language (multimedia, non-linear nature, its modules, hypertextuality, etc.) primarily release its creative potential as the novelty is inherently creative and requires the updating of traditional, familiar, and already studied forms of communication.
The influence of the creative function of the language can be traced both at the micro levels of the language system (especially at the phonetic and lexical levels) and at the macro level of the whole text (the emergence of new genres). At the phonetic level, influenced by the creative function, the language of the Internet acquires a special spoken-written character. Moreover, the imitation of orality in Internet communication is aimed not only at achieving maximum similarity of online communication to offline conversation, but also at the language play, emotionalism, updating the graphic code with emoji (for example, the use of emoji as ending punctuation marks, i.e., instead of period, exclamation mark, etc.). At the lexical level, the creative function of the language is evident in the emergence of proper Russian neologisms and borrowings for more accurate, sometimes more succinct denotation of the new reality. At the textual level, the study, e.g., of the model Internet genre of multimedia history, the identification of its special narrative structure and the multimedia nature of presenting the information suggests the creative potential of new genres in the online communication.
Youth Life Models: Shifts and Traditions
Authors: Kostromina Svetlana , Grishina Nataliya , Moskvicheva Natal'ya , Zinov'eva Elena 
Published: October 2021

The paper presents the findings of theoretical and empirical studies devoted to the development of the human “life model” construct, introduced to specify the concept of the life scenario and considered as its fragment in a particular area of life. The authors highlight that the life models are of a dynamic nature, being a process of individual self-fulfillment in different areas of life, determined by the individual’s activity in addressing the challenges of life. The study uses: (1) the authors’ questionnaire “Life Models”, empirically tested for three groups: youth, older generation, high school students; (2) automated semantic analysis of Internet resources and content analysis of online accounts of young people and older generation; (3) a set of techniques for personality assessment, including Big Five (T. Costa, R. McCrae), value orientations survey (Schwartz), self-efficacy questionnaire (J. Maddux, M. Scheer).
A series of empirical studies (involving 2,281 respondents aged 19 to 55 from various Russian cities) described the variations of life models in the professional area, close relationships, and the area of self. The study indicates that they are based on traditions that meet the conservative perspective and on the trends of social changes, i.e., increasing demand for flexibility and mobility, increasing opportunities for education, development, and self-fulfillment. The combined effect is evident in the diversity of life models.
Social transformation unevenly affects the life plan of young people, leaving some areas of life to be more conservative (the area of close relationships) and adapting other areas to the spirit of time (the professional area). The older generation serves as the source of preservation of traditions in youth’s building of the life scenario, while peers and the digital space contribute to its transformation. The study confirms the promising nature of the concept of life model as a unit of description of the multidimensional space of life of a modern person.
Gac (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng.) Fruit and its Potentiality and Superiority in -Health Benefits
Authors: Abdulqader Ali , Ali Faisal , Ismail Amin , Esa Norhaizan 
Published: October 2021

The diversity of bioactive compounds underlies the potential use and application of medicinal plants as an excellent source of dietary supplements. Fruits that are found to be rich in multi-phytochemicals are seriously being considered as â€˜superâ€™ fruits due to their unique antioxidants. Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis Spreng), is one of those â€˜superâ€™ fruits found to be rich in phytonutrients because all its fractions (i.e. aril, seeds, pulp and peel) have been widely used in folk healing and ancestral medicine. But, the entire potentiality towards the health benefits of Gac fruit is not well known or understood. Importantly, Gac fruit contains significantly higher amounts of lycopene than found in commercial tomatoes and relatively high levels of Î²-carotene. This review aimed to collect and summarise the scientific literature on the nutritional content, biological activities and nutraceutical value of Gac fruit. However, the literature on its biological activity against disease-causing cell damage such as diabetes, obesity, and cancer were found to be limited. The findings from this review indicate that the high bioavailability of phytonutrients found in Gac fruit and its pleasurable flavour, make it an ideal candidate for supplementation.