bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital tomosynthesis in breast cancer diagnostics
(literature review)
Authors: Suleimenova D. , AINAKULOVA A. S. , ZHOLDYBAY Zh. Zh. 
Published: September 2021

Relevance: Breast cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm among wom-en in our country. Mammography is currently the method of choice in breast can-cer diagnostics. However, it has limitations associated with the imposition of breast
tissue layers, which makes it difficult to identify lesions and leads to a mis-diagnosis. Breast tomosynthesis is a tomographic
technique in which the effect of tissue superimposition is significantly reduced due to layer-by-layer scanning.
The purpose of this study was to review the capacity of tomosynthesis in the di-agnosis of breast cancer.
Results: The combination of tomosynthesis with a synthesized image is the best technology for screening because it offers
the best combination of efficiency and radiation dose. Advantages include greater diagnostic accuracy due to both in-creased
sensitivity and specificity, and a significantly less need for additional mammography projections (targeted mammography,
targeted mammography with magnification).
Conclusions: Tomosynthesis as a diagnostic method significantly exceeds the method of mammography. The higher informative value of the results provided by tomosynthesis reduces the frequency of false-negative and false-positive radio-logical
conclusions.
Acute myeloid leukemia mmicking
an Ewing’s sarcoma family tumor:
A clinical case
Authors: BAITUROVA S. , OMAROVA K. , BORANBAEVA R. , ABDILOVA G. , PANKOVA O. , BEKISHEVA A. , MAKHNEVA A. , BATYRKHANOVA G. , KUSTOVA T. 
Published: September 2021

Relevance: M6 variant of acute myeloid leukemia is extremely rare in pediatric practice. The diverse clinical manifestations
of erythroid leukemia complicate the timely diagnosis of this group of diseases.
Purpose: to describe a clinical case of congenital erythroid leukemia with multiple lesions of soft tissues and the skeletal
system with complications in the form of the convulsive disorder, presented as a tumor of the Ewing’s sarcoma family, diagnosed at the Research Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (Almaty, the Republic of Kazakhstan).
Results: The presented clinical case demonstrated challenges in diagnosing and treating young patients with multiple
life-threatening tumor lesions. The need to develop molecular genetic studies and expand diagnostic capabilities is an integral
part of treating oncohematological diseases.
Conclusion: The presented clinical case is of great interest due to its rareness. This case confirms the need to conduct all
diagnostic manipulations to assess the process prevalence and choose and conduct molecular genetic studies on all examination and treatment stages.
resilience and cultural landscapes
Authors: Dorato Elena 
Published: September 2021

Current climatc, social and fnancial phenomena have triggered deep modifcatons in cultural landscapes, threatening their fragile territories and the communites that live in them. Nevertheless, they also represent a challenge to fnd a renewed link between forms of human actvity and the producton of landscape in order to understand its future evolutons. This paper deals with this feld of investgaton in the context of the Cinque Terre Natonal Park, in Italy, through scenario planning criteria with the goal of rethinking the heritagelisted system of traditonal terraced agriculture systems as an infrastructural element for a resilient territory. Startng from the Universal Soil Loss Equaton (USLE), it identfes the main territorial factors of uncertainty and accordingly suggests possible interventon categories on the wider scale of the so-called slope units, through 2x2 matrixes. Defning a resilient transformaton program for the environmental system of the Cinque Terre Natonal Park over a twenty-year tme frame means considering adaptability as a key aspect in diferent scenarios that might be generated in the near future.
Improvement of detention on the basis mentioned in c. 18 and 18.1 of Art. 397 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Russian Federation
Authors: Диваев Александр Борисович , Смирнов Александр Николаевич 
Published: September 2021

В представленной статье исследуется достаточно востребованная современной правовой наукой проблема - правовая природа задержания и заключения под стражу осужденного, злостно уклоняющегося от отбывания наказания. По итогам исследования заявленной проблематики авторы сформулировали следующий основополагающий вывод: сущность обеих принудительных мер определяется природой тех правоотношений, в рамках которых они осуществляются. Учитывая правоприменительный характер уголовно-процессуальной деятельности, к числу обязательных элементов уголовного процесса должна быть отнесена деятельность по доведению правоприменительного решения, принятого по итогам рассмотрения уголовного дела - обвинительного приговора до адресата - того должностного лица или органа, на которого законом возложена обязанность по исполнению приговора. Эта деятельность в уголовном процессе именуется обращением приговора к исполнению. Именно актом обращения приговора к исполнению разграничивается уголовно-процессуальная и уголовно-исполнительная сфера правового регулирования. Этот вывод позволил сформулировать следующее умозаключение: если задержание осужденного - это уголовно-исполнительная мера, то его заключение под стражу, осуществляемое в рамках уголовно-процессуального производства по рассмотрению и разрешению вопроса о заменен наказания, имеет уголовно-процессуальный характер и нуждается в более подробном уголовно-процессуальном регулировании.
In the present article, the authors investigate a rather popular problem of modern legal science - the legal nature of the detention and detention of a convicted person who is maliciously evading punishment. According to the results of the study of the stated problems, the authors formulated the following fundamental conclusion: the essence of both coercive measures is determined by the nature of the legal relations in which they are carried out. Taking into account the law enforcement nature of criminal procedural activity, among the mandatory elements of the criminal process should be activities to bring the law enforcement decision taken on the basis of consideration of the criminal case - the conviction to the addressee - the official or body to which the law imposes the obligation to execute the sentence. This activity in the criminal process is called the appeal of the sentence to execution. It is the act of sentencing to execution that differentiates the criminal procedural and criminal Executive sphere of legal regulation. This conclusion made it possible to formulate the following conclusion: if the detention of a convicted person is a criminal Executive measure, then his detention, carried out within the framework of criminal procedural proceedings to review and resolve the issue of the replacement of punishment, has a criminal procedural nature and needs more detailed criminal procedural regulation.
Flow Cytometric Detection of the Double-Positive (CD4+CD8+)/PD-1bright T-Cell Subset Is Useful in Diagnosing Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Chen Zhongchuan Will , Wizniak Juanita , Shang Chuquan , Lai Raymond 
Published: September 2021

Context.—
Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is characterized by neoplastic lymphocyte-predominant cells frequently rimmed by CD3+/CD57+/programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)+ T cells. Because of the rarity of lymphocyte-predominant cells in most cases, flow cytometric studies on NLPHL often fail to show evidence of malignancy.

Objective.—
To evaluate the diagnostic utility of PD-1 in detecting NLPHL by flow cytometry, in conjunction with the CD4:CD8 ratio and the percentage of T cells doubly positive for CD4 and CD8.

Design.—
Flow cytometric data obtained from cases of NLPHL (n = 10), classic Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 20), B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 22), T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 5), benign lymphoid lesions (n = 20), angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomas (n = 6) and T-cell/histiocyte–rich large B-cell lymphomas (n = 2) were analyzed and compared.

Results.—
Compared with the other groups, NLPHL showed significantly higher values in the following parameters: CD4:CD8 ratio, percentage of T cells doubly positive for CD4 and CD8, percentage of PD-1–positive T cells, and median fluorescence intensity of PD-1 expression in the doubly positive for CD4 and CD8 subset. Using a scoring system (0–4) based on arbitrary cutoffs for these 4 parameters, all 10 NLPHL cases scored 3 or higher, as compared with only 3 cases from the other groups, producing an overall sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 96% (72 of 75). Two of the 3 outliers were non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and both showed definitive immunophenotypic abnormalities leading to the correct diagnosis. The remaining outlier was a case of T-cell/histiocyte–rich large B-cell lymphoma.

Conclusions.—
The inclusion of anti–PD-1 in flow cytometry is useful for detecting NLPHL in fresh tissue samples, most of which would have otherwise been labeled as nondiagnostic or reactive lymphoid processes.
The Female Standard:
Authors: Laura Tringali Sobieski  
Published: September 2021

The year 2020 has made plain many injustices present in the systems and worldviews of American society. In a divisive election year, the factor of “electability” was of key importance in the effort to nominate a candidate to oppose the sitting President. In considering the question “Where do we go from here?”, we ought to wrestle with our communal decision that the female candidates vying for the Democratic nomination were categorically unelectable or less electable simply because of their femaleness. This paper seeks to explore how interpretation of our Scriptures has played a role in sustaining the societal structures which foster inequality. And, more importantly, how our Scriptures can fruitfully be interpreted to validate female leadership.
Using the example of the story of Martha and Mary in the Gospel of Luke, this paper will problematize modern readings that have created a culture of devaluing female leadership. The history of interpretation of the story of Martha and Mary has evolved in many phases, the most relevant being that interpretation has narrowed from a story of discipleship for all Christians to a story that only has meaning for women. Reflecting on both Scripture and current gender studies commentary, this paper will call into question the unreasonable expectations of American women and consider where we ought to go from here.
HIV and HBV Coinfections in the Highly HIV-infected Population of Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Cookey Tochi I. , Okonko Iheanyi O. , Frank-Peterside Nnenna 
Published: September 2021

Background: In Nigeria, hepatitis co-infection with HIV is linked with an increase in morbidity and mortality.
Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the rate of HIV/HBV coinfection among the highly HIV-infected people in Rivers State, Nigeria.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), in Rivers State, Nigeria, from February 2017 to September 2019.
Methods: A total of 226 HIV-positive people, 105 men and 121 women, were recruited for this study. ELISA was used to screen these participants for the presence of HIV and HBsAg, and this was done following the guidelines stipulated by the manufacturer. The demographic characteristics of the participants were obtained using a questionnaire designed for the study.
Results: Seven people tested positive for HIV/HBV, resulting in a 3.1 % overall prevalence. No significant association was found to exist between HIV/HBV coinfection and the characteristics of the study population.
Conclusion: A low seroprevalence was observed for HIV/HBV infection, in spite of Nigeria being endemic for HBV. Despite this low rate of HIV/HBV coinfection, routine screening for HBV markers should be carried out to reduce morbidity and mortality in this group.
Zero Prevalence of HIV and HCV Coinfection in the Highly HIV-infected Population of Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Okonko Iheanyi O. , Cookey Tochi I. , Frank-Peterside Nnenna 
Published: September 2021

Background: Hepatitis C affects 5–15% of the 38 million people living with HIV globally. Africa which has the second highest prevalence of HIV/HCV co-infection following Asia. This alarming statistics has made it crucial that studies be done to also ascertain the HIV/HCV co-infection prevalence in the country and host factors which may influence the co-infection.
Objective: Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of HCV infection amongst the HIV population of Rivers state, Nigeria.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), in Rivers State, Nigeria, from February 2017 to September 2019.
Methods: In this study, 226 HIV-infected individuals were recruited comprising 105 males and 121 females. These subjects were screened for the presence of HIV and HCV using ELISA and was performed according to the kit manufacturer’s stipulations. The demographic characteristics of the participants were obtained using a questionnaire designed for the study.
Results: The presence of antibodies to HIV-1 reconfirmed the HIV status in all the study subject. A seroprevalence rate of 0.0% was observed for HIV/HCV infection. The ratio of females to males was found to be 1.2:1. The ages of the study population ranged from 16 to 70 years with a median age of 42.5 years. A large number (30.5%, n = 69) of the participants were within the age group 40 – 49 years, followed by those within 30 – 39 years (26.1%, n= 59), 50 – 59 years (17.3%, n = 39) and >59 years (13.7%, n = 31). Participants that were within younger age groups had less population; 20 – 29 years (9.7%, n = 22), with those that are <20 years having the least population (2.7%, n = 6). Many (49.1%, n = 111) of the study participants were found to be married. About 46.5% (n = 105) of them were single, while a few (4%, n = 10) were widowed.
Conclusion: No coinfection of HIV/HCV was found, in spite of Nigeria being endemic for HCV. However, despite this zero rate of HIV/HCV coinfection, routine screening for HCV markers should be carried out to reduce morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected individuals.
Correlation between Clinical Tests and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Finding in Diagnosis of Chronic Ulnar-sided Wrist Pain
Authors: Attia Islam Talaat Khalil , Emran Ali Mahmoud , Megahed Elhafez Abd Elgafez , Lashin Mamdouh Fouad 
Published: September 2021

Background: Ulnar-sided wrist pain is a common cause of upper- extremity disability. Presentation can vary from acute traumatic injuries to chronic degenerative conditions. Carful clinical examination should be done, there are some provocative tests for some pathologies which induce pain when the patient has the specific pathology for the test. MRI of the wrist is often challenging because the components of the wrist have complex anatomy of bone and soft tissues, with ligaments and cartilage which are small sized structures measuring millimeters. MRI is a one of advanced imaging techniques that play an important role in evaluating the wrist and is a useful examination modality because of its multiplanar, multisequence capability and its excellent resolution of soft tissue structures. MRI is particularly advantageous for assessing occult bone lesions and soft tissue structures around the wrist such as cartilages, tendons, ligaments and nerves.
Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the role and accuracy of clinical tests and MRI in diagnosis of chronic ulnar-sided wrist pain causes.
Patients and Methods: This is a prospective study and was conducted on a 50 adult patients complaining from chronic ulnar side wrist pain. They were attended to Orthopedic Department of Tanta University Hospitals over a period of 6 months starting from November 2019 till May 2020.
Results: MRI gave positive finding in most of patients (92%), while negative in about (8%) of cases, this means that there are some pathologies need more investigations to be diagnosed. Most of Clinical tests also gave a help in diagnosis of the cause of the pain especially ulnocarpal stress test, fovea sign test, ECU synergy test and piano key test which by statistics showed significant results but LT ballottement test had insignificant results so LTL pathology can't be diagnosed by clinical tests only but needs more investigations as MRI. So some pathologies can be diagnosed clinically as ECU tenosynovitis, but other pathologies need more investigations like MRI like LTL tear, also some pathologies need more investigations.
Conclusion: Most of clinical tests give significant results in diagnosis of chronic ulnar-sided wrist pain except for some pathologies like LTL tear needs more investigations, also MRI has important role and gives significant results in diagnosis.
In-silico Inhibitory Potential of Triphala Constituents Against Cytochrome P450 2E1 for the Prevention of Thioacetamide-induced Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Unnisa Aziz , Khan Sharuk L. , Sheikh Farooque A. H. , Mahefooz Syed , Kazi A. A. , Siddiqui Falak A. , Gawai Nitin , Saboo Shweta G. 
Published: September 2021

Background: Triphala, which is a combination of fruits of Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellerica and Embilica officinalis generally recommended as herbal drug formulation in the Indian traditional medicine system.
Study Design: To study the in-silico inhibitory potential of Triphala constituents against cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) for the prevention of Thioacetamide-induced Hepatotoxicity
Place and Duration of Study: The work has been performed at MUP's College of Pharmacy (B Pharm), Degaon, Risod, Washim, Maharashtra, India in between February 2021 to May 2021.
Methodology: We have studied the inhibitory potential of Triphala on CYP2E1 by applying molecular docking tools. The major chemical constituents of Triphala i.e. gallic acid, chebulic acid, ellagic acid, epicatechin, syringic acid, and ascorbic acid were docked on CYP2E1.
Results: Docking results revealed the very good inhibitory potential of Triphala in terms of binding affinity towards CYP2E1. All the chemical constituents have formed at least 2 and at most 6 hydrogen bonds with the crystal structure of CYP2E1. The binding energies (kcal/mol) of gallic acid, chebulic acid, ellagic acid, epicatechin, syringic acid, and ascorbic acid are -6.1, -7.1, -9.1, -8.3, -6.3, and -5.7, respectively. Ellagic acid has formed strong hydrogen bonds with Thr-303 and Thr-304 with bond length of 1.98 A0 and 2.26 A0 which confirms the excellent inhibition of CYP2E1.
Conclusion: These findings can be used to control the CYP2E1-facilitated biotransformation and drug interactions in the development of new chemical entities. In future, these phytoconstituents can be used as lead molecules to overcome the cancer associated with oxidative stress resulting from the hyperactivity of CYP2E1.
Integrated Management of Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) Infesting Solanum tuberosum L. in Storage in MT Elgon Region, Kenya
Authors: Bonface Oroti Chimwani , Ndonga Millicent F. Owuor , Muyekho Francis N. 
Published: September 2021

The production of potato, a second major staple food crop in Kenya is being constrained by an insect pest potato tuber moth (PTM), Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). The present study investigated two Integrated Pest Management techniques which would reduce (PTM) population in potato storage, four potato cultivars and two botanical quantities were used in storage in Mt Elgon region of Western Kenya. The insecticidal efficacy of Lantana camara L. and Azandiracta indica A. Jusss (Sapindales: Meliaceae) and in storage at Kapsokwony and Chemoremo villages were investigated in the present study years. In each of the studied site the experiment was laid down in randomized block Design (RBD) in a split plot arrangement at room temperature of 27 ± 2. Four cultivars (Tigoni, Sherekea, Mayan gold and Asante) were the first factor and treatments (L. camara and A. indica leaves powder and control) as the second factor, each of which was repeated three. The room was partitioned at the center into two (3m x3m) using a PVC sheet to separate two portions for the two botanical and to prevented insect migration. We set up 4 caring bags per cultivar per botanical. We placed 2 kg PTM-free tubers per each cultivar in one caring bag hence 4 caring bags/split/ cultivar and 16 caring bags / block, therefore the total number of caring bags was (4 x 4)= 16 bags per cultivar hence (16 x 4) = 64 caring bags/ botanical. The splits had four 2kg caring bags hence (2x4) = 8 kg per split and (8x16) = 32kg/cultivar hence N =128kg. The caring bags were covered with a layer of the botanicals at a rate 100g, 150g, 200g, and untreated control respectively. Twenty (10♀ + 10♂) newly emerged moths were introduced inside the storage. We assessed for week one number of tubers infested and tunnels of PTM larvae, at week two for number of tubers infested and tunneling length. Week three number of tubers infested, tunneling length in tubers and number of second generation larva. Analysis was done by comparison of the means and there mean differences using R software. Results indicated use of 200g/ 2kg of the botanicals significantly reduced number of PTM larvae. Lantana camara was the most effective insecticide followed by Azadrachta indica compared to the controlled tubers. Thus the use of 200g of L. camara and Tigoni cultivar may be promising components of IPM strategies for reducing P. operculella population in potato fields and storage.
SORL1 mutation in a Greek family with Parkinson's disease and dementia
Authors: Xiromerisiou Georgia , Bourinaris Thomas , Houlden Henry , Lewis Patrick A. , Senkevich Konstantin , Hammer Monia , Federoff Monica , Khan Alaa , Spanaki Cleanthe , Hadjigeorgiou Georgios M. , Bonstanjopoulou Sevasti , Fidani Liana , Ermolaev Aleksey , Gan‐Or Ziv , Singleton Andrew , Vandrovcova Jana , Hardy John 
Published: September 2021

AbstractWhole exome sequencing and linkage analysis were performed in a three generational pedigree of Greek origin with a broad phenotypic spectrum spanning from Parkinson’s disease and Parkinson’s disease dementia to dementia of mixed type (Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia). We identified a novel heterozygous c.G1135T (p.G379W) variant in SORL1 which segregated with the disease in the family. Mutation screening in sporadic Greek PD cases identified one additional individual with the mutation, sharing the same 12.8Mb haplotype. Our findings provide support for SORL1 mutations resulting in a broad range of additional phenotypes and warrants further studies in neurodegenerative diseases beyond AD.