bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of information analysis in civil and infrastructure engineering: a review
Authors: Zhang Wei-Heng , Lu Da-Gang , Qin Jianjun , Thöns Sebastian , Faber Michael Havbro 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe concept of Value of Information (VoI) has attracted significant attentions within the civil engineering community over especially the last decade. Triggered by the increasing focus on structural health monitoring, availability of data and emerging techniques of Big Data analysis and Artificial Intelligence, important insights on how to take benefit from VoI in structural integrity management have been gained. This literature review starts out with a summary of the historical developments and contains (1) a summary of two different VoI analysis origins, (2) a compilation of existing VoI analyses research and (3) current engineering interpretations and applications of VoI in the field of civil and infrastructure engineering. VoI analysis has roots in communication theory and Bayesian decision analysis in conjunction with utility theory. Starting point is thus taken in brief introduction of these theoretical foundations, followed by a discussion on the relevant modelling aspects such as information, probability and utility modelling. A detailed review of relevant existing research is presented, divided into the following main areas: computational methods, optimal sensor placement and engineering risk management. Finally, by way of conclusion and outlook, challenges and some promising directions for VoI analysis in the field of civil and infrastructure engineering are identified.
Current practice and adaptations being made for people with autism admitted to in-patient psychiatric services across the UK
Authors: Jones Keir , Gangadharan Satheesh , Brigham Philip , Smith Edward , Shankar Rohit 
Published: May 2021

Background
A significant number of people with autism require in-patient psychiatric care. Although the requirement to adequately meet the needs of people with autism in these settings is enshrined in UK law and supported by national guidelines, little information is available on current practice.

Aims
To describe characteristics of UK in-patient psychiatric settings admitting people with autism. Also to examine psychiatric units for their suitability, and the resultant impact on admission length and restrictive interventions.

Method
Multiple-choice questions about in-patient settings and their ability to meet the needs of people with autism and the impact on their outcomes were developed as a cross-sectional study co-designed with a national autism charity. The survey was distributed nationally, using an exponential and non-discriminatory snowballing technique, to in-patient unit clinicians to provide a current practice snapshot.

Results
Eighty responses were analysed after excluding duplications, from across the UK. Significant variation between units across all enquired parameters exist. Lack of autism-related training and skills across staff groups was identified, this becoming disproportionate when comparing intellectual disability units with general mental health units particularly regarding psychiatrists working in these units (psychiatrists: 94% specialist skills in intellectual disability units versus 6% specialist skills in general mental health units). In total, 28% of survey respondents felt people with autism are more likely to be subject to seclusion and 40% believed in-patients with autism are likely to end in segregation.

Conclusions
There is no systematic approach to supporting people with autism who are admitted to in-patient psychiatric units. Significant concerns are highlighted of lack of professional training and skill sets resulting in variable clinical practice and care delivery underpinned by policy deficiency. This could account for the reported in-patient outcomes of longer stay and segregation experienced by people with autism.
Randomized Phase III Trial of Gemcitabine and Cisplatin With Bevacizumab or Placebo in Patients With Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma: Results of CALGB 90601 (Alliance)
Authors: Rosenberg Jonathan E. , Ballman Karla A. , Halabi Susan , Atherton Pamela J. , Mortazavi Amir , Sweeney Christopher , Stadler Walter M. , Teply Benjamin A. , Picus Joel , Tagawa Scott T. , Katragadda Sreedhar , Vaena Daniel , Misleh Jamal , Hoimes Christopher , Plimack Elizabeth R. , Flaig Thomas W. , Dreicer Robert , Bajorin Dean , Hahn Olwen , Small Eric J. , Morris Michael J. 
Published: May 2021

PURPOSE The combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) is a standard therapy for metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Based on data that angiogenesis plays a role in urothelial carcinoma growth and progression, a randomized placebo-controlled trial was performed with the primary objective of testing whether patients treated with GC and bevacizumab (GCB) have superior overall survival (OS) than patients treated with GC and placebo (GCP). PATIENTS AND METHODS Between July 2009 and December 2014, 506 patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma without prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease and no neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy within 12 months were randomly assigned to receive either GCB or GCP. The primary end point was OS, with secondary end points of progression-free survival, objective response, and toxicity. RESULTS With a median follow-up of 76.3 months among alive patients, the median OS was 14.5 months for patients treated with GCB and 14.3 months for patients treated with GCP (hazard ratio for death = 0.87; 95% CI, 0.72 to 1.05; two-sided stratified log-rank P = .14). The median progression-free survival was 8.0 months for GCB and 6.7 months for GCP (hazard ratio = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.63 to 0.95; P = .016). The proportion of patients with grade 3 or greater adverse events did not differ significantly between both arms, although increased bevacizumab-related toxicities such as hypertension and proteinuria occurred in the bevacizumab-treated arm. CONCLUSION The addition of bevacizumab to GC did not result in improved OS. The observed median OS of about 14 months is consistent with prior phase III trials of cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
Quantum computing models for artificial neural networks
Authors: Mangini S. , Tacchino F. , Gerace D. , Bajoni D. , Macchiavello C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Neural networks are computing models that have been leading progress in Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications. In parallel, the first small-scale quantum computing devices have become available in recent years, paving the way for the development of a new paradigm in information processing. Here we give an overview of the most recent proposals aimed at bringing together these ongoing revolutions, and particularly at implementing the key functionalities of artificial neural networks on quantum architectures. We highlight the exciting perspectives in this context, and discuss the potential role of near-term quantum hardware in the quest for quantum machine learning advantage.
Hole-like Fermi surface in the overdoped non-superconducting Bi1.8 Pb0.4 Sr2CuO6+δ
Authors: Valla T. , Pervan P. , Pletikosić I. , Drozdov I. K. , Kundu Asish K. , Wu Zebin , Gu G. D. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In high-temperature cuprate superconductors, the anti-ferromagnetic spin fluctuations are thought to have a very important role in naturally producing an attractive interaction between the electrons in the d-wave channel. The connection between superconductivity and spin fluctuations is expected to be especially consequential at the overdoped end point of the superconducting dome. In some materials, that point seems to coincide with a Lifshitz transition, where the Fermi surface changes from the hole-like centered at

to the electron-like, centered at the Γ point causing a loss of large momentum anti-ferromagnetic fluctuations. Here, we study the doping dependence of the electronic structure of Bi1.8Pb0.4Sr2CuO

in angle-resolved photoemission and find that the superconductivity vanishes at lower doping than that at which the Lifshitz transition occurs. This requires a more detailed re-examination of a spin fluctuation scenario.
Surface and sub-surface investigations of the plasma influence on Cs doped Mo as surface converter for negative hydrogen ion sources for fusion(a)
Authors: Schiesko L. , Cristofaro S. , Höschen T. , Hopf C. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The influence of low-pressure and low-temperature hydrogen plasma on a pure molybdenum sample implanted with caesium is investigated by means of sputtering-XPS. A portion of the sample was exposed to the plasma, while the rest of the sample was covered by stainless steel and thus shielded from direct plasma flux. The results show that the part of the sample exposed to the plasma exhibits both on and beneath the surface an increased amount of H2O and MoO2 with respect to the covered sample part which can be explained by a chemical reduction of MoO3 oxides by the hydrogen plasma species. The XPS Cs lines show oxidation peaks. A sputtering depth of roughly 13 nm is necessary to recover an identical spectrum, indicating that the plasma changes the chemical composition of the implanted samples not only on the surface but also inside the material.
Emergency Front-of-Neck Airway Rescue Via the Cricothyroid Membrane: A High-Resolution Computed Tomography Study of Airway Anatomy in Adults
Authors: Fennessy Paul , Greco Eugene , Gelber Nicholas , Brewster David J. , Reeves John H. 
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND:
Emergency front-of-neck airway rescue is recommended in a can’t intubate, can’t oxygenate clinical scenario. Cannula cricothyroidotomy has been reported as having a high failure rate. Our primary aim was to estimate the angle of the trachea in relation to the horizontal axis in a simulated emergency front-of-neck airway rescue position. Our secondary aims were to estimate the optimal cannula angle of approach and evaluate the anatomical relationship of the cricothyroid membrane (CTM) to adjacent structures. We also assessed whether the CTM lies above or below the neck midpoint, a point equidistant from the suprasternal notch (SSN), and the chin surface landmarks. All measurements were compared between the male and female subjects.

METHODS:
Subjects having elective computed tomography of their thorax were consented to have extension of the computed tomography to include their neck. A preliminary radiation dose and risk assessment deemed the additional radiation to be of very low risk (level IIa). Subjects were positioned supinely on the computed tomography table. Standard neck extension was achieved by placing a pillow under the scapulae and a rolled towel under the neck to simulate emergency front-of-neck airway rescue positioning.

RESULTS:
Fifty-two subjects were included in this study: 31 men and 21 women. The mean angle of the trachea in relation to the horizontal axis was 25.5° (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.8–29.1) in men and 14.0° (95% CI, 11.5–16.5) in women. The mean minimum angles required for hypothetical cannula cricothyroidotomy for men and women were 55.2° (95% CI, 51.8–58.7) and 50.5° (95% CI, 45.4–55.6), respectively. The CTM was located lower in the neck in men compared to women. The CTM was located below the neck midpoint in 30 of 30 (100%) male subjects and 11 of 20 (55%) female subjects (P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
The trachea angulates posteriorly in a simulated emergency front-of-neck airway rescue position in supine subjects and to a greater degree in men compared to women (P < .001). The minimum angle required for hypothetical cannula cricothyroidotomy was >45° in the majority (75%) of subjects studied. A steeper cannula angle of approach may be more reliable and warrants further clinical study. If airway anatomy is indistinct and performing a vertical scalpel cricothyroidotomy, consideration should be given to performing this incision lower in the neck in men compared to women.
Agnès Varda, Jane Birkin, and Kung-fu Master!
Authors: Wilson Emma 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Kung-fu Master! (Le petit amour, France, 1988) arises from a story by Jane Birkin, where an adult woman and a teenage boy fall in love. Birkin's story was meant to be realized as one of the dramatized sequences of Jane B. by Agnès V. (Jane B. par Agnès V., France, 1988), but it became its own parallel film. In prioritizing this story and pushing it to feature length, Varda opened it up for imagining with and beyond Birkin. She made it a fairy-tale, a feminist story about what women may imagine and eroticize, about the grief, pathos, damage, and beauty in this. It became a vital part of Varda's film corpus and of her feminist investigations of different subjectivities and desires, of the affective worlds of contemporary women and children. It takes shape in her tenderness for Jane Birkin, but also in light of her own clearer thinking about childhood, nostalgia, and fantasy. In this film, Varda explores female-authored fantasies in delicate, unabashed, and queer ways. This is part of her feminist legacy for the future. Kung-fu Master! is key.
She Listened: Vardian Self-Portraiture and Auto-Refrains of Sea, Wind, and Sand
Authors: Boljkovac Nadine 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article considers Vardian acts of listening and (self-)portraiture. With works that celebrate the material world in its myriad forms and scales, from a beloved button to a bottomless sea, Agnès Varda developed a method of empathetic engagement. Her encounters grasped relations extending from a person, family, or group, to a greater world-memory and duration comprising “us” all. As it heeds these foldings of the world, this article considers subjectification processes that take into a self all elements of nature. With sustained awareness of the “hundreds of thousands of people” she doesn't know, through her acts of listening and portraiture, in her later years Varda simultaneously attained a recognizable persona and an imperceptibility that gestured to an inward-outward movement her works so often foretell: that of a self's full dissolution into memory and world. In line with Varda's lifelong commitment to new forms of making visible the invisible, and her embrace of a sea as a groundless source of intersubjective relations, limits transform via her works into reflective, dissolving surfaces. A doubling of the personal and cosmic—that movement that so singularizes Varda—emanates through this weave of her art and life. As a chiasmatic double herself whose encounters brought extremes into contact, Varda demonstrated a concern for the future of the world that persisted alongside an awareness of her own mortality. Beyond the duration of her own life, Varda's works expose us to ourselves while always foregrounding the woman, and women, behind, before, and beyond the lens.
Agnès Varda and Le Collectif 50/50 en 2020: Power and Protest at the Cannes Film Festival
Authors: DeRoo Rebecca J. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article examines how Agnès Varda used speeches and activism at the Cannes Film Festival in recent years to reveal and challenge the underrepresentation of female directors in the film industry. At the 2015 Cannes Film Festival, she accepted an honorary Palme (lifetime achievement award) in the name of other creative directors not yet in the spotlight. In 2018, Varda joined with the 50/50 en 2020 collective, a gender equity campaign, on the Cannes red carpet to call for gender parity and greater transparency in the festival's process of selecting films to screen. This article shows how Varda and 50/50 en 2020 explore social, institutional, and economic factors that may influence women's access to the highest levels of artistic success. Their actions articulate a gendered investigation of cultural institutions and the relations of power they represent, focusing on the festival and the film industry. Furthermore, this article considers dynamics of social and economic power and perceptions of cultural value in the 2019 Cannes festival tribute to Varda.
From Cannes to Cardboard: The Circulation and Promotion of Visages Villages and the Auteur on Instagram
Authors: St. John Matt 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This article explores the Instagram activities of Agnès Varda and her Visages Villages (Faces Places, France, 2017) codirector JR to consider the role of social media in the film's theatrical release and awards campaign, which led to the film's nomination for Best Documentary Feature—Varda's first and only Academy Award nomination. Through analysis of Varda's posts and her appearances on JR's Instagram, the author argues that social media complemented the film's conventional promotion while extending Varda's aesthetic practices and interests, offering one of the final examples of her consistent, enthusiastic experiments with new forms of media. On Instagram, Varda recycled and recontextualized the strategies of self-presentation and formal play seen in her documentaries for a different format, as she posted images and videos involving premieres, special events, and press coverage from her perspective. Throughout the film's release and awards campaign, social media began to function as an atypical way to draw attention to the film and its directors, especially for a low-budget documentary. The Visages Villages team merged traditional methods of achieving visibility with an unusual and intentional online presence, culminating in substantial coverage from new types of outlets when JR traveled to the Academy Awards luncheon with cardboard cutouts of Varda.
Extramedullary multiple myeloma patient-derived orthotopic xenograft with a highly altered genome: combined molecular and therapeutic studies
Authors: Farre Lourdes , Sanz Gabriela , Ruiz-Xivillé Neus , Castro de Moura Manuel , Martin-Tejera Juan Francisco , Gonçalves-Ribeiro Samuel , Martinez-Iniesta Maria , Calaf Monica , Luis Mosquera Jose , Martín-Subero José Ignacio , Granada Isabel , Esteller Manel , Domingo-Domenech Eva , Climent Fina , Villanueva Alberto , Sureda Anna 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Extramedullary multiple myeloma (EMM) has an overall survival of 6 months and occurs in 20% of multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms involved in EMM and the therapeutic role of new agents for MM are not well established. Besides, well-characterized preclinical models for EMM are not available. Herein, a patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) was generated from a patient with an aggressive EMM to study in-depth genetic and epigenetic events, and drug responses related to extramedullary disease. A fresh punch of an extramedullary cutaneous lesion was orthotopically implanted in NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ(NSG) mouse. The PDOX mimicked histologic and phenotypic features of the tumor of the patient. Cytogenetic studies revealed a hyperploid genome with multiple genetic poor-prognosis alterations. Copy number alterations (CNAs) were detected in all chromosomes. The IGH translocation t(14;16)(q32;q23)IGH/MAF was already observed at the medullary stage and a new one, t(10;14)(p?11-12;q32), was observed only with extramedullary disease and could be eventually related to EMM progression in this case. Exome sequencing showed 24 high impact single nucleotide variants and 180 indels. From the genes involved, only TP53 was previously described as a driver in MM. A rather balanced proportion of hyper/hypomethylated sites different to previously reported widespread hypomethylation in MM was also observed. Treatment with lenalidomide, dexamethasone and carfilzomib showed a tumor weight reduction of 90% versus non-treated tumors, whereas treatment with the anti-CD38 antibody daratumumab showed a reduction of 46%. The generation of PDOX from a small EMM biopsy allowed us to investigate in depth the molecular events associated with extramedullary disease in combination with drug testing.
Trim9 and Klp61F promote polymerization of new dendritic microtubules along parallel microtubules
Authors: Feng Chengye , Cleary Joseph M. , Kothe Gregory O. , Stone Michelle C. , Weiner Alexis T. , Hertzler James I. , Hancock William O. , Rolls Melissa M. 
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT
Axons and dendrites are distinguished by microtubule polarity. In Drosophila, dendrites are dominated by minus-end-out microtubules, whereas axons contain plus-end-out microtubules. Local nucleation in dendrites generates microtubules in both orientations. To understand why dendritic nucleation does not disrupt polarity, we used live imaging to analyze the fate of microtubules generated at branch points. We found that they had different rates of success exiting the branch based on orientation: correctly oriented minus-end-out microtubules succeeded in leaving about twice as often as incorrectly oriented microtubules. Increased success relied on other microtubules in a parallel orientation. From a candidate screen, we identified Trim9 and kinesin-5 (Klp61F) as machinery that promoted growth of new microtubules. In S2 cells, Eb1 recruited Trim9 to microtubules. Klp61F promoted microtubule growth in vitro and in vivo, and could recruit Trim9 in S2 cells. In summary, the data argue that Trim9 and kinesin-5 act together at microtubule plus ends to help polymerizing microtubules parallel to pre-existing ones resist catastrophe.
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery can Improve Patient Outcomes and Reduce Hospital Cost of Gastrectomy for Cancer in the West: A Propensity-Score-Based Analysis
Authors: Weindelmayer Jacopo , Mengardo Valentina , Gasparini Angela , Sacco Michele , Torroni Lorena , Carlini Mauro , Verlato Giuseppe , de Manzoni Giovanni 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Background
Data on ERAS for gastrectomy are scarce, and the majority of the studies come from Eastern countries. Patients in the West are older and suffer from more advanced tumors that impair their clinical condition and often require neoadjuvant treatment. This retrospective study assessed the feasibility and safety of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol for gastrectomy in a Western center.

Methods
We conducted a single-center study of 351 patients operated for gastric cancer: 103, operated from January 2015 to December 2016, followed the standard pathway, while 248, operated from January 2017 to December 2019, followed the ERAS program. The primary outcomes considered were length of hospital stay (LOS) and direct costs. Secondary outcomes were 90-day morbidity and mortality, readmission rate, and compliance with ERAS items. A propensity score (PS) was built on confounding variables.

Results
Compliance with ERAS items after the program was ≥ 70%. Univariable analysis evidenced a 2-day median reduction in LOS and a median cost reduction of €826 per patient in the ERAS group. PS-based multivariable analysis confirmed a significant, 2-day decrease in median LOS and a €1097 saving after ERAS introduction. Ninety-day mortality decreased slightly in ERAS group, while complications and readmissions did not change significantly. When complications were included in the multivariable analysis, ERAS retained its significance, although the effects on LOS and cost were blunted to a median reduction of 1 day and €775, respectively.

Conclusions
ERAS for gastrectomy improved patients’ recovery and reduced hospital costs without changes in morbidity, mortality, or readmission.