bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production of sweet sorghum liquid sugar in the first ratoon harvest
Authors: Antu Muhammad Yusuf , Najamuddin Erwin , Rosanty Erni , Moko Hasyim Dj , Nur Amin 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Sorghum is a multipurpose food crop commodity. One of the benefits is by utilizing the stalks which contain sweet juice which can be processed into liquid sugar. This processed product in the form of liquid sugar from the sweet sorghum plant has the potential to meet the needs of the healthy sugar industry in the future. This study aims to determine the production of sweet sorghum plant liquid sugar in the first ratoon harvest. The research was arranged in the form of a completely randomized factorial design. The first factor consisted of two levels, namely Numbu Varieties and Super 1 Varieties. The second factor consisted of three levels, namely the storage time of sorghum stalks for 0, 3, and 6 days. The results showed that the best treatment was found in the treatment of sorghum stalks of the Numbu variety which were stored for 3 days with 35.4% yield of juice, liquid sugar with 44.01% reduced sugar content, 77.25% liquid sugar Brix content, and 3 flavor organoleptic results, taste 3.81 (like), aroma 3.50 (like), and color 3.72 (like).
Functional properties comparison of hide buffalo gelatin and commercial bovine gelatin as clarifying agent for the tropical fruit juice
Authors: Mulyani Sri , Priyo Bintoro V. , Legowo Anang M , Setiani Bhakti Etza 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The extraction process and skin type would be affected on functional properties of gelatin, particularly on the interaction between oil and water. The present study reports the functional properties comparison of hide buffalo (bubalus bubalis) gelatin (HBG) and commercial bovine gelatin (CBG) as clarifying agent for the tropical fruit juice. Hide gelatin had been extracted for 4 hours using 0.5 M NaOH and 0.9M HCL and then sieved and dried at 50-55°C for 48 hours. The analyzed of water holding capacity (WHC), oil holding capacity (OHC) and hidrophilic lipophilic balance were then applied into HBG and CBG. The tropical fruit juice which was using those HBG and CBG as clarifying agent were then applied for turbidity, pH and Total solid analysis for physical properties. There were no significant differences for WHC and OHC properties between HBG and CBG application of clarifying agen in tropical juice. Furthermore, for the Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance result of HBG (14.28±0.13) was revealed higher (P<0.05) than CBG (10.55±0.61). It can be concluded that hide buffalo gelatin has a proper ability as a clarifying agent in apple and star fruit juice to increase the purity or clarity of fruit juice without reducing its main nutrients.
Application of critical control points with the scoring method in the flavoring industry in Indonesia
Authors: Pramono Yoyok Budi , Narastyawan Anggoro Ryski 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The aim of the study is to evaluate of application of critical control points (CCP) with the scoring method in the the flavoring industry. Application of CCP in food industry is very important to maintain food safety in the product. To obtain data, the observation in flavoring food industry, interviews, recording, and literature study were conducted by comparison of scoring method that has been prepared. The conclusions from this research were the scoring method could be used to improve food safety and to make easier to implementation of critical control points in the flavoring industry.
Chemical and microbiological properties of buffalo milk kefir with different starter concentrations
Authors: Rizqiati H , Nurwantoro  , Susanti S , Surya K R A , Prayoga M I Y 
Published: July 2021

AbstractThe research aims to determine the effect of kefir grain starter concentration on alcohol content, total dissolved solids and total buffalo milk kefir microbes and to find out whether these parameters are in accordance with predetermined standards. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with treatments given were (T1) kefir grain starter concentration of 2.5%, (T2) 5% kefir grain starter concentration, (T3) kefir grain starter concentration of 7.5%, and (T4) concentration 10% kefir grain starter. The parameters observed were alcohol content, total dissolved solids and total microbes. Data from the test results were analyzed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test with a significance level of 5% and if there is a difference then proceed with the Duncan test. Kefir grain starter concentration has a significant effect (p<0,05) on alcohol content, total dissolved solids and total microbes. The more concentrations of kefir grain, the alcohol content and total microbes increase. The more concentration of kefir grain, the more total dissolved solids decreases, with the optimal amount of kefir grain starter concentration is 7.5%.
Color appearance and chemical characteristic of vacuum fryer cooked Pemalang typical snack ogel-ogel
Authors: Susanti S , Murni M , Silviana A , Arifan F 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Ogel-Ogel which are Pemalang typical snacks so far have been less able to full fill the Indonesian National Standard on the quality of extruded snacks (SNI-01-2886-2015) due to their conventional frying techniques (manual deep frying). This study was aimed to evaluate the color appearance and chemical characteristics of Ogel-Ogel as a result of the application of the automatic frying system with a vacuum technique (vacuum frying) in the production process. The results show that Ogel-Ogel fried by the vacuum frying technique had a significantly brighter color display with lower in the fat content and TBA value, while protein content was higher compared to deep frying techniques. Meanwhile other chemical characteristics such as water content, carbohydrates, and ash did not show significant differences as a result of different frying techniques. Thus Ogel-Ogel as a Pemalang typical snack cooked with a vacuum fryer has a brighter color display with chemical characteristics that are more in line with SNI as an extruded snack. Thus, it has a potency to be the featured product from Pemalang area.
Increasing rice production: a proposed strategy during and after Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Sunandar N , Sirnawati E , Ramdhani M 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The covid-19 pandemic has many impacts on human live. One of them is a disruption of food supply and distribution from the centre production to intermediate and end users. Whereas the assurance of sufficient rice as a staple food at household, local, regional and national levels, is very crucial. One of strategies to increase national rice production in the current situation is trough intensification. This study was conducted based on National Statistical Bureau’s data of production and rice planting in year 2000. Data were analyzed statistically and classified all production areas (administrative basis) into high or low category. The analysis showed that there were six provinces in category high productivity including Jakarta; with Bali as the highest productivity of 60.78 kw/ha. Meanwhile 28 other provinces in low productivity with Babel as the lowest of 28.56 kw/ha. Furthermore, there were 239 districts in category of low production and 210 in high production. Accordingly, the intensification should focus on the low cluster production areas. Adjustment of government budget as a stimulus for rice production during and after covid-19 should reoriented as a special treatment and does not depend on National Deliberation of Agricultural Development Plan (Musrenbang).
Has The sweet pepper value chain benefitted farmers? a case study in Pasuruan Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Haryati Novi , Citraresmi Ardaneswari Dyah Pitaloka , Febriana Riski Sofia 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Sweet pepper farmers in Indonesia produce such a potential amount that contributes to the need of export and domestic demands. The high potency of sweet pepper development can be supported by farmers in Pasuruan, East Java. However, they are still in a low level of welfare as they always get the lowest income in every agricultural commodity value chain activities. This study aimed to understand: 1) feasibility analysis by farmers, 2) actors involved in sweet paper chain activities; and 3) its value chain analysis. The sampling technique used was non-probability approach with purposive method. Primary data was obtained by interviewing value chain actors. Data analysis was carried out in descriptive quantitative to analyze the costs and revenues of farming, to describe the value chain that was formed and to count the added value by using Hayami Method. The feasibility analysis showed that sweet pepper conducted by farmer in Pasuruan is feasible. There were 6 value chains which actors are farmers, middleman, wholesaler, retailer, collector, and consumers. Most respondent did 2 types of chain and among all of them, the biggest added value added was provided by farmers.
Effectiveness of the national love fruits campaign program on Indonesia consumption fruits
Authors: Hanif Zainuri 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The level of fruit consumption in Indonesia per capita is strived to be improved with various programs. In addition to increasing production, the national love fruits campaign (NLFC) program is also carried out. This study aims to measure the effectiveness of the program in various regions. Survey locations throughout Indonesia spread over 63 cities/regencies. Survey subjects are those who have accessed the Indonesian Citrus and Subtropical Fruits Research Institute (ICSFRI). The number of respondents taken in this study was 237. Sampling was obtained by filling out the questionnaire by the voluntary sampling method. Based on the results of the logistic regression analysis, it can be concluded that the NLFC program has not had a large impact on the community because there are still many people who do not yet know of the campaign program. The logistic regression analysis results explained that the most influential variables to determine whether someone regarding the NLFC program were the P10 variable (paying attention to the distribution and value chain of fruits) and P12 (knowing most of the fruit circulating in Indonesia). The results of this study provided input for further program improvements.
Agribusiness development strategy farms dairy cattle in efforts to improve milk productivity in Central Java
Authors: Mukson  , Handayani Miggie , Setiyawan Heri , Prasetyo Agus Subhan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The productivity of dairy cattle farming has been low and it has an impact on the supply of domestic milk. Milk imports continue to increase reaching 75% and the remaining 25% was met from domestic production. The study’s aim was to analyze local resource development strategies of dairy cattle farming in Central Java. The study was conducted by survey and observational methods. The determination of location was taken by purposive sampling in Semarang and Boyolali District. Samples of farmers were taken by simple random sampling from 10 dairy farmers groups. There were 120 respondents. In addition, this study had 15 key Informants to add validity to the data. Data collection was done by interview and focus group discussion (FGD). Meanwhile, the data analysis methods used were descriptive quantitative and qualitative. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to formulate strategies for developing dairy cattle farming. The results showed development strategy needs to be considered were human resources, local resources and capital of priority scale. Furthermore, the main actors who need attention were the Village Unit Cooperation (KUD), Government, and The Indonesian Association of Milk Processors (IPS).
Development strategy to improve beef cattle business in Pati Regency
Authors: Nurdiansyah Aldhony , Setiadi Agus , Gayatri Siwi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Most of beef cattle farmers in Pati Regency are dominated by smallholder farming system. The research was conducted to determine the alternative strategies for the development of beef cattle business in Pati Regency. Focus Group Discussion (FGDs) was used in this research for data collection. Based on the results, FGDs had benefit to formulate strategies in order to increase beef cattle sector in Pati Regency based on stakeholder’ perspective. Beef cattle sector in Pati Regency had opportunity to develop to improve productivity and able to compete with import product from other country. It had availability of feed resources by mix farming system practices between crop and livestock production. In order to support smallholder farmers, government need to plan long term strategies such as open access to capital, build partnership to improve marketing system as well as regulate production system and processing of beef product.
Factors affecting the effectiveness of farmers’ group in Rembang Regency
Authors: Rahmawati Arini N. , Satmoko Sriroso , Gayatri Siwi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the influence of social factors, such as: social capital, leadership style, the role of extension agents and group cohesiveness toward the effectiveness of farmers’ group functions in Rembang Regency. The research location was determined by purposively. Respondents were selected by three cluster stages. There were 155 respondents. The regression analysis shows that social capital, leadership style, group cohesiveness, and the role of extension agents simultaneously and partially had significant influence toward the effectiveness of farmers’ group functions. Farmers’ group functions include: enhancing learning process, facilitating cooperative action and networking, and delivering assistance for production unit. It recommends to find activities to motivate farmers to joining farmers’ group. Moreover, it is also important to maximize the role of agricultural extension agents by providing training skill.
Study on short-term prestress loss of bridge reinforced with large diameter carbon fiber bars
Authors: Guocheng Tao , Ping Zhuge , Deyong Lin , Tian Zeng 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
At present, the technology of strengthening bridge with prestressed CFRP bars is gradually rising, so it is necessary to study the law of prestress loss. In order to evaluate the short-term prestress loss of prestressed carbon fiber reinforced (CFRP) bars, the prestress loss of CFRP bars used for reinforcement of reinforced concrete beams was studied by combining laboratory tests with practical reinforcement projects. The anchorage loss, concrete elastic compression loss of CFRP bars were obtained by measuring the prestressed loss data of CFRP bars used to strengthen retired old beams and corresponding theoretical calculation. Then, combined with the corresponding loss data of 6 prestressed CFRP bars in the actual strengthening project of Wenzhou Lijing Middle Bridge, the experimental investigation was carried out. The results show that the prestress loss of CFRP bars is between 4%∼8%, and develops rapidly in the early stage, among which the anchorage loss accounts for 45.90%. The anchorage retraction value is about 1.33mm, and the elastic compression loss of concrete is basically negligible.
Static Analysis of an All-Movable Rudder with Rotational Clearance based on Contact Algorithm
Authors: Wu Yiting , Niu Yaobin , Wang Zhongwei , Zou Xuan 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The air rudder system is essential to the performance and safety of the aircraft, and the basis of the research about it is to establish a suitable mechanical model. To accurately simulate the contact behavior with gaps in the actual process, the contact algorithm is used to construct the connection between the support and the rudder’s contact surface based on the finite element model, and the mechanical relationship between the two is analyzed. The results show that under different gaps and different friction coefficients, the contact algorithm has high accuracy and credibility for describing the mechanical behavior between the support and the rudder and the presentation of the contact state. This article fully demonstrates the advantages of the contact algorithm in solving the problem of modeling with gaps, and can be a reference for the research of other similar issues.
Research and application of a new type of aqueduct concrete non-destructive inspection robot based on the principle of coherent frequency
Authors: Huang Tao , Yao Qifa , Zhao Xiaopeng , Song Wenjie 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The concrete aqueduct has some quality problems such as lacuna and cavity during construction or operation, which seriously affects the safety of aqueduct operation. How to quickly detect the defects of aqueduct is of great significance to provide the basis for the repair and reinforcement of aqueduct. In this paper, based on the coherent frequency method, the automatic walking robot device for concrete nondestructive testing is integrated and assembled. Through wireless communication, the automatic excitation, acquisition and imaging of elastic wave are completed, so as to realize the rapid detection of uniformity and compactness defects of aqueduct concrete structure. Through the test and engineering demonstration application, the detection results are reliable, and the detection efficiency is improved by more than 50%. And the follow-up improvement plan of the system hardware should strengthen the maneuverability of the car, realize precise positioning, strengthen the energy of the seismic source, and improve the overall reliability of the system.
Experimental Research on Mechanical Performance of New Modular Steel Frame Joint
Authors: Lin Peng , Jun Cong , Lei Zhang , Wenqiang Chen 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of large interlayer displacement angle and low rotational stiffness of modular steel frame connection nodes, a new type of grouted interlayer joint was proposed, and the experimental study was carried out to observe the failure form and mechanical performance of the node. In order to study the stiffness and bearing capacity characteristics of the new grouting interlayer connection, 4 different joint specimens were tested and studied. The influence of the bolt connection at the node on the bearing capacity, rotation stiffness and ultimate rotation capacity of the grouting node is analyzed. The test results show that the bolt connection can ensure the integrity of the node and improve the stiffness of the node; Whether the column is filled with concrete has little effect on the mechanical properties of bolted joints, but has a more obvious effect on boltless joints, and the initial stiffness is increased by 20%.
Effect on the Model of Government-Subsidized Dual-Channel Closed-loop Supply Chain: Taking Automobile Tire Recycling as an example
Authors: Ran Wenxue , Yin Weili 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The speed of product updating iteration is getting faster and faster, which leads to more and more serious problems of waste of resources and carbon emissions, and the increasing attention to the sustainable use of resources in all countries of the world, and from the concept of sustainable development, many new ideas have been formed. At present, China’s economy is facing severe environmental pollution and resource shortage, and recycling waste resources is the key for enterprises to obtain better development prospects, so the closed-loop supply chain model has become the focus of enterprises. For enterprises, the problem of recycling and manufacturing is also quite cumbersome and complex, the government can intervene to solve the problem, with subsidies to promote the recycling of waste goods. Therefore, this study mainly from the two-channel supply chain, closed-loop supply chain and government intervention three angles, to car tire recovery as the research object, using the relevant theory of the Stackelberg game to study the differences between channels. By constructing the model without government subsidy and the model with government subsidy, this paper studies the role of government subsidies in the recycling process of waste tires, and analyzes the influence of government intervention measures on the game among manufacturers, retailers and consumers. The results show that the government subsidy will improve the overall profit level, increase the total demand for tires in the market, and reduce the environmental impact of used tires. By using the theory of dual-channel closed-loop supply chain and other relevant knowledge, the concrete application of closed-loop supply chain in waste material recovery will be promoted.
Analysis on excavation stability of tunnel portal with different design methods
Authors: Zhang Junwu , Shi Wenyang , Xie Xin , Bao Junchao , Song Zhanping 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The stability of tunnel portal has its particularity. Due to the influence of natural or human factors, it is easy to produce cracking, landslide, collapse and other diseases. Taking the No.5 highway tunnel of F3 bid in Georgia as the background, using the finite element analysis software MIDAS-GTS to establish a three-dimensional model to simulate the tunnel construction process. The tunnel portal adopts two design schemes of micro pile wall support and bolt mesh shotcrete support. Through the analysis and comparison of the transverse and vertical displacement and stress field characteristics of surrounding rock caused by two schemes of tunnel excavation, the influence of tunnel excavation on the stability of tunnel portal is studied. The numerical results show that the maximum transverse and longitudinal displacements of surrounding rock are 3.55mm and 8.73mm respectively, and the maximum tensile stress is 1.91mpa. Compared with the micro pile wall support design, the bolt mesh shotcrete support scheme is more feasible. The conclusion has a certain guiding role for the construction of highway tunnels in mountain areas.
Fast calculation of average slope of river channel based on digital elevation model
Authors: Meng Xiangyong , Zhu Yindi 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The calculation of average slope drop is one of the important parameters of design flood calculation in engineering hydrology. Conventional calculation of average slope drop of river course is usually carried out by using CAD topographic map. The river length is divided section by section and the elevation of starting point is determined, and then the average slope drop of river course can only be calculated by single river course, which has low efficiency and great artificial influence. On the basis of the river basin DEM (digital elevation model), the elements and tools needed in the calculation are connected in turn in the ArcGIS, and the calculation program of the average slope drop of the river is run according to the specified process, and the calculation results are obtained successfully. By comparing the typical river calculation examples with the data of Zhejiang River Manual, it is shown that the average slope drop calculation model constructed by the Model Builder can realize the rapid calculation of the longitudinal slope drop of the river and ensure the calculation accuracy.
Numerical study on the morphological evolution of the Qingshuigou channel on the Yellow River Delta in response to changing water and sediment regimes
Authors: Chen Sisi , He Zhiguo 
Published: July 2021

Abstract
The Qingshuigou channel is the longest channel in the modern Yellow River Delta since its diversion in 1976. To explore the morphological evolution of the Qingshuigou channel on the Yellow River Delta in response to changing water and sediment regimes, we applied the two-dimensional hydro-sediment-morphodynamic coupling model to simulate the characteristics of bed erosion and deposition in Qingshuigou channel and its estuary in different water and sediment regimes. The results demonstrate that regarding the seasonal difference of the year, the sediment deposition in the estuary during the flood season is larger than the non-flood season, and the former accounts for 88% of the annual estuary deposition. On a long-term scale, the erosion of the river channel becomes considerable and the sediment deposits rapidly in the estuary with high water discharge and sediment concentration.