bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microarray analysis reveals ONC201 mediated differential mechanisms of CHOP gene regulation in metastatic and nonmetastatic colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Al Madhoun Ashraf , Haddad Dania , Al Tarrah Mustafa , Jacob Sindhu , Al-Ali Waleed , Nizam Rasheeba , Miranda Lavina , Al-Rashed Fatema , Sindhu Sardar , Ahmad Rasheed , Bitar Milad S. , Al-Mulla Fahd 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe imipramine ONC201 has antiproliferative effects in several cancer cell types and activates integrated stress response pathway associated with the induction of Damage Inducible Transcript 3 (DDIT3, also known as C/EBP homologous protein or CHOP). We investigated the signaling pathways through which ONC201/CHOP crosstalk is regulated in ONC201-treated nonmetastatic and metastatic cancer cell lines (Dukes' type B colorectal adenocarcinoma nonmetastatic SW480 and metastatic LS-174T cells, respectively). Cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT assays and flow cytometry, gene expression was assessed by Affymetrix microarray, signaling pathway perturbations were assessed in silico, and key regulatory proteins were validated by Western blotting. Unlike LS-174T cells, SW480 cells were resistant to ONC201 treatment; Gene Ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes showed that cellular responsiveness to ONC201 treatment also differed substantially. In both ONC201-treated cell lines, CHOP expression was upregulated; however, its upstream regulatory mechanisms were perturbed. Although, PERK, ATF6 and IRE1 ER-stress pathways upregulated CHOP in both cell types, the Bak/Bax pathway regulated CHOP only LS-174T cells. Additionally, CHOP RNA splicing profiles varied between cell lines; these were further modified by ONC201 treatment. In conclusion, we delineated the signaling mechanisms by which CHOP expression is regulated in ONC201-treated non-metastatic and metastatic colorectal cell lines. The observed differences could be related to cellular plasticity and metabolic reprogramming, nevertheless, detailed mechanistic studies are required for further validations.
Changing trends in dialysis modalities utilization and mortality in children, adolescents and young adults with acute kidney injury, 2010–2017
Authors: Tain You-Lin , Kuo Hsiao-Ching , Hsu Chien-Ning 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess trends in the relative use of dialysis modalities in the hospital-based pediatric cohort and to determine risk factors associated with in-hospital morality among pediatric patients receiving dialysis for acute kidney injury (AKI). Patients aged < 20 years who received dialysis between 2010 and 2017 were identified from electronic health records databases of a Taiwan’s healthcare delivery system. The annual uses of intermittent hemodialysis (HD), continuous and automated peritoneal dialysis (PD) and continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) were assessed using Cochran-Armitage Tests for trend. Among patients who received their first dialysis as inpatients for AKI, a multivariate logistic regression model was employed to assess mortality risks associated with dialysis modalities, patient demographics, complexity of baseline chronic disease, and healthcare service use during their hospital stays. Kidney dialysis was performed 37.9 per patient per year over the study period. Intermittent hemodialysis (HD) (73.3%) was the most frequently used dialysis modality. In the inpatient setting, the relative annual use of CKRT increased over the study period, while HD use concomitantly declined (P < 0.0001). The overall in-hospital mortality rate after dialysis for AKI was 33.6%, which remained steady over time (P = 0.2411). Patients aged < 2 years [adjusted odds ratio: (aOR) 3.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34–8.93] and greater vasoactive regimen use (aOR: 17.1; 95% CI: 5.3–55.21) were significantly associated with dialysis-related mortality. Overall treatment modality used for dialysis in pediatric patients increased slowly in the study period, and HD and CRKT modality uses largely evolved in the inpatient setting. Younger ages and use of more vasoactive medication regimens were independently associated with increased early mortality in patients on AKI-dialysis.
Research on automatic labeling of imbalanced texts of customer complaints based on text enhancement and layer-by-layer semantic matching
Authors: Tang Xiaobo , Mou Hao , Liu Jiangnan , Du Xin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractDue to its potential impact on business efficiency, automated customer complaint labeling and classification are of great importance for management decision making and business applications. The majority of the current research on automated labeling uses large and well-balanced datasets. However, customer complaint labels are hierarchical in structure, with many labels at the lowest hierarchy level. Relying on lower-level labels leads to small and imbalanced samples, thus rendering the current automatic labeling practices inapplicable to customer complaints. This article proposes an automatic labeling model incorporating the BERT and word2vec methods. The model is validated on electric utility customer complaint data. Within the model, the BERT method serves to obtain shallow text tags. Furthermore, text enhancement is used to mitigate the problem of imbalanced samples that emerge when the number of labels is large. Finally, the word2vec model is utilized for deep text analysis. Experiments demonstrate the proposed model's efficiency in automating customer complaint labeling. Consequently, the proposed model supports enterprises in improving their service quality while simultaneously reducing labor costs.
Clinical implication of bactibilia in moderate to severe acute cholecystitis undergone cholecystostomy following cholecystectomy
Authors: Yoon Je Ho , Paik Kwang Yeol , Chung Hoo Young , Oh Ji Seon 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThere is little evidence of clinical outcome in using antibiotics during the perioperative phase of acute cholecystitis with bactibilia. The aim of current study is to examine the effect of bactibilia on patients with acute cholecystitis and their perioperative clinical outcome. We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of 128 patients who underwent cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis with moderate and severe grade. Patients who were positive for bactibilia were compared to bactibilia-negative group in following categories: morbidity, duration of antimicrobial agent use, in-hospital course, and readmission rate. There was no difference in morbidity when patients with bactibilia (n = 70) were compared to those without (n = 58) after cholecystectomy. The duration of antibiotics use and clinical course were also similar in both groups. In severe grade AC group (n = 18), patients used antibiotics and were hospitalized for a significantly longer period of time than those in the moderate grade AC group. The morbidity including surgical site infection, and readmission rates were not significantly different in moderate and severe grade AC groups. In moderate and severe AC groups, bactibilia itself did not predict more complication and worse clinical course. Antibiotics may be safely discontinued within few days after cholecystectomy irrespective of bactibilia when cholecystectomy is successful.
Body dynamics of gait affect value-based decisions
Authors: Grießbach Eric , Incagli Francesca , Herbort Oliver , Cañal-Bruland Rouwen 
Published: June 2021

AbstractChoosing among different options typically entails weighing their anticipated costs and benefits. Previous research has predominantly focused on situations, where the costs and benefits of choices are known before an action is effectuated. Yet many decisions in daily life are made on the fly, for instance, making a snack choice while walking through the grocery store. Notably, the costs of actions change dynamically while moving. Therefore, in this study we examined whether the concurrent action dynamics of gait form part of and affect value-based decisions. In three experiments, participants had to decide which lateral (left vs. right) target (associated with different rewards) they would go to, while they were already walking. Results showed that the target choice was biased by the alternating stepping behavior, even at the expense of receiving less reward. These findings provide evidence that whole-body action dynamics affect value-based decisions.
Peptide-guided JC polyomavirus-like particles specifically target bladder cancer cells for gene therapy
Authors: Lai Wei-Hong , Fang Chiung-Yao , Chou Ming-Chieh , Lin Mien-Chun , Shen Cheng-Huang , Chao Chun-Nun , Jou Yeong‐Chin , Chang Deching , Wang Meilin 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe ultimate goal of gene delivery vectors is to establish specific and effective treatments for human diseases. We previously demonstrated that human JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) virus-like particles (VLPs) can package and deliver exogenous DNA into susceptible cells for gene expression. For tissue-specific targeting in this study, JCPyV VLPs were conjugated with a specific peptide for bladder cancer (SPB) that specifically binds to bladder cancer cells. The suicide gene thymidine kinase was packaged and delivered by SPB-conjugated VLPs (VLP-SPBs). Expression of the suicide gene was detected only in human bladder cancer cells and not in lung cancer or neuroblastoma cells susceptible to JCPyV VLP infection in vitro and in vivo, demonstrating the target specificity of VLP-SPBs. The gene transduction efficiency of VLP-SPBs was approximately 100 times greater than that of VLPs without the conjugated peptide. JCPyV VLPs can be specifically guided to target particular cell types when tagged with a ligand molecule that binds to a cell surface marker, thereby improving gene therapy.
Enhancement of protein thermostability by three consecutive mutations using loop-walking method and machine learning
Authors: Yoshida Kazunori , Kawai Shun , Fujitani Masaya , Koikeda Satoshi , Kato Ryuji , Ema Tadashi 
Published: June 2021

AbstractWe developed a method to improve protein thermostability, “loop-walking method”. Three consecutive positions in 12 loops of Burkholderia cepacia lipase were subjected to random mutagenesis to make 12 libraries. Screening allowed us to identify L7 as a hot-spot loop having an impact on thermostability, and the P233G/L234E/V235M mutant was found from 214 variants in the L7 library. Although a more excellent mutant might be discovered by screening all the 8000 P233X/L234X/V235X mutants, it was difficult to assay all of them. We therefore employed machine learning. Using thermostability data of the 214 mutants, a computational discrimination model was constructed to predict thermostability potentials. Among 7786 combinations ranked in silico, 20 promising candidates were selected and assayed. The P233D/L234P/V235S mutant retained 66% activity after heat treatment at 60 °C for 30 min, which was higher than those of the wild-type enzyme (5%) and the P233G/L234E/V235M mutant (35%).
Atomic force microscopy analysis of native infectious and inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virions
Authors: Lyonnais Sébastien , Hénaut Mathilde , Neyret Aymeric , Merida Peggy , Cazevieille Chantal , Gros Nathalie , Chable-Bessia Christine , Muriaux Delphine 
Published: June 2021

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped virus responsible for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Here, single viruses were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) operating directly in a level 3 biosafety (BSL3) facility, which appeared as a fast and powerful method to assess at the nanoscale level and in 3D infectious virus morphology in its native conformation, or upon inactivation treatments. AFM imaging reveals structurally intact infectious and inactivated SARS-CoV-2 upon low concentration of formaldehyde treatment. This protocol combining AFM and plaque assays allows the preparation of intact inactivated SARS-CoV-2 particles for safe use of samples out of level 3 laboratory to accelerate researches against the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, we illustrate how adapted BSL3-AFM is a remarkable toolbox for rapid and direct virus analysis based on nanoscale morphology.
Establishment and assessment of an amplicon sequencing method targeting the 16S-ITS-23S rRNA operon for analysis of the equine gut microbiome
Authors: Kinoshita Yuta , Niwa Hidekazu , Uchida-Fujii Eri , Nukada Toshio 
Published: June 2021

AbstractMicrobial communities are commonly studied by using amplicon sequencing of part of the 16S rRNA gene. Sequencing of the full-length 16S rRNA gene can provide higher taxonomic resolution and accuracy. To obtain even higher taxonomic resolution, with as few false-positives as possible, we assessed a method using long amplicon sequencing targeting the rRNA operon combined with a CCMetagen pipeline. Taxonomic assignment had > 90% accuracy at the species level in a mock sample and at the family level in equine fecal samples, generating similar taxonomic composition as shotgun sequencing. The rRNA operon amplicon sequencing of equine fecal samples underestimated compositional percentages of bacterial strains containing unlinked rRNA genes by a fourth to a third, but unlinked rRNA genes had a limited effect on the overall results. The rRNA operon amplicon sequencing with the A519F + U2428R primer set was able to detect some kind of archaeal genomes such asMethanobacterialesandMethanomicrobiales, whereas full-length 16S rRNA with 27F + 1492R could not. Therefore, we conclude that amplicon sequencing targeting the rRNA operon captures more detailed variations of equine microbiota.
3D-Assembled rutile TiO2spheres withc-channels for efficient lithium-ion storage
Authors: Hao Zhongkai , Tian Miao , Ren Yinjuan , Dai Wenrui , Wang Meng , Chen Wei , Xu Guo Qin 
Published: June 2021

Benefiting from the synergistic effect of 3D architecture and the presence of c-Channels, flower-like rutile TiO2 spheres with radially organized subunit nanorods achieve the remarkable electrochemical performance and long-term cycling stability.
Serum CYR61 as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of esophagogastric junction tumor
Authors: Chu Ling-Yu , Zhou Jian-Yuan , Zhao Yi-Xuan , Ou Yan-Ting , Yang Tian , Peng Yu-Hui , Fang Wang-Kai , Xu Yi-Wei , Xie Jian-Jun 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Background: Esophagogastric junction tumor (EGJ) is a rare but fatal disease with a rapid rising incidence worldwide in the late 20 years, and it lacks a convenient and safe method for diagnosis. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of serum CYR61 as a biomarker for the diagnosis of EGJ tumor.
Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to estimate CYR61 levels in sera of 152 EGJ tumor patients and 137 normal controls. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) was carried out to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy. The Mann–Whitney’s U test was used to compare the difference of serum levels of CYR61 between groups. And chi-square tests were employed to estimate the correlation of the positive rate of serum CYR61 between/among subgroups.
Results: Serum CYR61 levels were statistically lower in EGJ tumor and early-stage EGJ tumor patients than those in normal controls (P&lt;0.0001). The sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) of this biomarker in EGJ tumor were 88.2%, 43.8% and 0.691, respectively, and those for early stage of EGJ tumor were 80.0%, 66.4% and 0.722, respectively. Analyses showed that there was no correlation between the clinical data and the levels of CYR61 (P&gt;0.05).
Conclusion: The present study showed that CYR61 might be a potential biomarker to assist the diagnosis of EGJ tumor.
Finite‐element calculation of electromagnetic characteristics and steady‐state stability of dual‐excited synchronous generator
Authors: Xu Guorui , Wang Zhenzhen , Liu Bingchen , Zhan Yang , Li Weili , Zhao Haisen , Huang Hao , Yu Honghao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe Dual‐Excited Synchronous Generator (DESG) has two sets of field windings. The magnitudes and directions of the two field currents can be regulated, so that the excitation magneto‐motive force can be in any direction. The electromagnetic characteristics of the DESG may be different with those of the Traditional Synchronous Generator (TSG) for the different rotor structures of the two generators. To obtain better electromagnetic characteristics, a time‐stepping finite element model (T‐S FEM) of the DESG is established. The air‐gap radial flux density, saturation, active and reactive power of the DESG in single‐ and dual‐axis excitation modes are calculated and compared with those of the TSG. The electromagnetic characteristics affected by the different ratio of q‐axis field current to d‐axis field current are studied. On this basis, an excitation control strategy that can enhance the steady‐state stability is proposed, and the steady‐state stability limits with and without excitation control are calculated by the T‐S FEM. A 10‐kW DESG is developed to verify the correctness of the simulation results. The results show that the DESG with dual‐axis excitation has better electromagnetic characteristics and stronger reactive power ability, and the steady‐state stability limit of the DESG is increased obviously through the excitation control.
Green synthesis of fly ash‐based zeolite Y by mixed alkali fusion method
Authors: Shi Bin , Chang Qing 
Published: June 2021

AbstractA solvent‐free process was used to synthesize high‐purity zeolite Y from fly ash. Different from the traditional two‐step method, fly ash was activated efficiently by mixed alkali of NaOH and Na2CO3 at 750 °C for 2 h. For prepared zeolite Y, the composition, phase structure, morphology, specific surface areas and ammonium adsorption were evaluated comprehensively. The results show that a single phase zeolite Y with octahedral structure and an average diameter of 2.5 μm is obtained. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area is as high as 503.34 m2/g. Ammonium adsorption isotherm model on obtained zeolite Y was more consistent with the Langmuir model (R2 > 0.99). And the maximum adsorption capacity is 18.6 mg/g. It can be concluded that the study provides an economic process to utilize fly ash for the synthesis of zeolite Y, which is an excellent adsorbent to remove ammonium. In addition, this study provides an eco‐friendly approach to synthesize low‐cost zeolite Y from solid waste, which is of excellent adsorption for ammonium removal.
A simplified space vector modulation implementation for modular multilevel converter by grouping submodules
Authors: Bai Zhihong , Chen Haoqi , Li Yifei , Dong Yinuo , Ma Hao 
Published: June 2021

AbstractModulation strategy plays an important role in the good performance of modular multilevel converter (MMC). Since MMC has a special structure as well as a large number of submodules (SMs), it is almost impossible to apply the conventional multilevel space vector modulation (SVM) algorithm in it. In this study, a simplified SVM implementation method is proposed by grouping SMs. With the presented method, the high‐level SVM process for MMC can be easily done by implementing multiple two‐level or three‐level SVM algorithm, while the complicated offline or online efforts/tasks about mapping switching states or sequences in the conventional multilevel SVM are not necessary any more. In order to improve the harmonic characteristics, the sampling time of different subunits (SUs), each of which is formed by grouping a few SMs, is staggered evenly, which helps to achieve a higher equivalent switching frequency and less low‐order harmonics. Further, the capacitor voltage balance of SMs is improved by rotation strategies between SUs or inside each SU even without any capacitor voltage detecting or sorting. Since the presented method is independent of the number of SMs, it can be very easily expanded into a high‐level MMC. These propositions are verified by experiment.
Radar target classification considering unknown classes using deep convolutional neural network ensemble
Authors: Lee Byeong–ho , Lee Seongwook , Kang Seokhyun , Kim Seong–Cheol , Kim Yong–Hwa 
Published: June 2021

AbstractThe target classification of unknown classes using radar sensor data is discussed. The neural network‐based classifier shows high classification accuracy for the learned class targets. However, there is a risk of false decision for the untrained class target owing to an overconfidence problem. The output confidence of the classifier is calibrated using the deep convolutional neural network ensemble structure to propose a method to set the proper threshold for output confidence to decide unknown class targets. When using the proposed method, the accuracy of the learned target is maintained similar to that of the existing single neural network‐based classifier, whereas the unknown class target is better identified. Further analysis verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method using commercial automotive radar. The proposed method can classify learned targets with an accuracy of 95% and distinguish unknown class targets with an accuracy of at least 85%. Based on the interaction with other sensors, individual sensors need to make reserved decisions about uncertain information. It is expected that the proposed ensemble network will be efficient in designing the classifier to perform target classification including unknown class decision.
Interior heating and outgassing of Proxima Centauri b: Identifying critical parameters
Authors: Noack L. , Kislyakova K. G. , Johnstone C. P. , Güdel M. , Fossati L. 
Published: June 2021

Context. Since the discovery of a potentially low-mass exoplanet around our nearest neighbour star Proxima Centauri, several works have investigated the likelihood of a shielding atmosphere and therefore the potential surface habitability of Proxima Cen b. However, outgassing processes are influenced by several different (unknown) factors such as the actual planet mass, mantle and core composition, and different heating mechanisms in the interior.
Aims. We aim to identify the critical parameters that influence the mantle and surface evolution of the planet over time, as well as to potentially constrain the time-dependent input of volatiles from mantle into the atmosphere.
Methods. To study the coupled star–planet evolution, we analysed the heating produced in the interior of Proxima Cen b due to induction heating, which strongly varies with both depth and latitude. We calculated different rotation evolutionary tracks for Proxima Centauri and investigated the change in its rotation period and magnetic field strength. Unlike the Sun, Proxima Centauri possesses a very strong magnetic field of at least a few hundred Gauss, which was likely even stronger in the past. We applied an interior structure model for varying planet masses (derived from the unknown inclination of observation of the Proxima Centauri system) and iron weight fractions, that is, different core sizes, in the range of observed Fe-Mg variations in the stellar spectrum. We used a mantle convection model to study the thermal evolution and outgassing efficiency of Proxima Cen b. For unknown planetary parameters such as initial conditions, we chose randomly selected values. We took heating in the interior due to variable radioactive heat sources and induction heating into account and compared the heating efficiency to tidal heating.
Results. Our results show that induction heating may have been significant in the past, leading to local temperature increases of several hundreds of Kelvin. This early heating leads to an earlier depletion of the interior and volatile outgassing compared to if the planet had not been subject to induction heating. We show that induction heating has an impact comparable to tidal heating when assuming latest estimates on its eccentricity. Furthermore, we find that the planet mass (linked to the planetary orbital inclination) has a first-order influence on the efficiency of outgassing from the interior.