bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Scoping Review of Aging Experiences Among Culturally and Linguistically Diverse People in Australia: Toward Better Aging Policy and Cultural Well-Being for Migrant and Refugee Adults
Authors: Georgeou Nichole , Schismenos Spyros , Wali Nidhi , Mackay Karin , Moraitakis Elfa 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Australia’s population is growing, aging, and becoming more ethnically diverse, resulting in barriers and challenges around social inclusion for non-English-speaking migrants and refugees. This scoping review investigates the experiences of aging within Australia among older adults from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) migrant and refugee backgrounds to identify barriers to social integration.

Research Design and Methods
A scoping review of English language literature and gray literature on the experiences of aging among CALD migrants and refugees living in Australia was conducted from January 2000 to January 2021, according to Arksey and O’Malley’s review process. A total of 34 studies were identified for analysis.

Results
Three primary themes were identified: (a) sociocultural similarities in settlement experiences, (b) engagement with technology for social connection, and (c) engagement with family and community networks.

Discussion and Implications
Aging, language, sociocultural, and technology contexts shape attitudes to belonging, as well as access to sociomedical services. We argue a cultural well-being framework may assist in developing policy for improved social integration of older CALD adults. As the focus is on social and cultural experiences, all studies with a primary focus on medical and other chronic conditions were excluded. Future studies could include health-related articles to present a more comprehensive approach regarding older CALD adult needs. Follow-up research could focus on the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on the experiences of older adults in Australia, in particular those of CALD backgrounds.
Burn Lessons Learned From the Whakaari White Island Volcanic Eruption
Authors: Baker Paul , Locke Michelle , Moazzam Amber , Taylor Matthew , Stapelberg Francois , Wong She Richard 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
New Zealand’s most active volcano, Whakaari White Island was a common tourist attraction prior to its eruption on December 9, 2019. At the time of the eruption, there were 47 people on the island from 3 tour groups. Thirty-nine people survived the initial eruption and were extracted. Thirty-one entered into the New Zealand National Burn Service across four hospitals. The median age of the patients treated at the National Burn Centre was 45.5 years (range: 14–67 years) and median TBSA burn was 49.5% (range: 9%–90%). The 3-month survival of this eruptive event was 55%, which subsequently fell to an overall rate of 53% following one late death of an early survivor after repatriation home. Of the patients who survived the initial eruption for long enough to be admitted to the National Burn Service, the overall survival rate was 71% at 3 months. We describe 12 lessons we have learnt from our management of the survivors. The key surgical lessons among these are: 1) The injuring mechanism combined ballistic trauma, thermal and acidic burn components, with the acid component being the most problematic and urgent for management; 2) Volcanic ash burns result in ongoing burn depth progression, deep underlying tissue damage and significant metabolic instability; 3) Early skin grafting was not successful in many cases; 4) Reconstructive strategy needed adjusting to cope with the high operative demand and limited donor sites in all patients; 5) Protect yourself from potential dangers with additional personal protective equipment in an unfamiliar setting.
Item Pool Development for the School-Aged Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation Profile Computerized Adaptive Test: An Observer-Reported Outcome Assessment Measuring the Impact of Burn Injuries in School-Aged Children
Authors: Rodríguez-Mercedes Silvanys L , Patel Khushbu F , Rencken Camerin A , Grant Gabrielle G , Surette Kate , Kinney Erin M , Brady Keri J S , Slavin Mary D , Schneider Jeffrey C , Stoddard Frederick J , Kazis Lewis E , Ryan Colleen M 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
The transition from early childhood to teen years (5–12) is a critical time of development, which can be made particularly challenging by a burn injury. Assessing postburn recovery during these years is important for improving pediatric survivors’ development and health outcomes. Few validated burn-specific measures exist for this age group. The purpose of this study was to generate item pools that will be used to create a future computerized adaptive test (CAT) assessing postburn recovery in school-aged children. Item pool development was guided by the previously developed School-Aged Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation (SA-LIBRE5–12) conceptual framework. The item pool development process involved a systematic literature review, extraction of candidate items from existing legacy measures, iterative item review during expert consensus meetings, and parent cognitive interviews. The iterative item review with experts consisted of six rounds. A total of 10 parent cognitive interviews were conducted. The three broad themes of concern were items that needed 1) clarification, needed context, or were vague, 2) age dependence and relevance, and 3) word choice. The cognitive interviews indicated that survey instructions, recall period, item stem, and response choices were interpretable by respondents. Final item pool based on parental feedback consists of 57, 81, and 60 items in physical, psychological, and family and social functioning, respectively. Developed item pools (n = 198) in three domains are consistent with the existing conceptual framework. The next step involves field testing the item pool and calibration using item response theory to develop and validate the SA-LIBRE5–12 CAT Profile.
Changing the Script: Non-State Armed Groups, Restorative Justice and Reparations
Authors: McEvoy Kieran , Lawther Cheryl , Moffett Luke 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article examines the role of Non-State Armed Groups (NSAGs) and their former members in delivering reparations to victims and communities affected by past acts of violence. The article draws from extensive interviews with former members of armed groups, victims and communities affected by violence in Colombia, Guatemala, Nepal, Northern Ireland, Peru and Uganda. Grounded in the theory and practice of restorative justice, this article critiques the legalistic and state-centric analysis which often characterizes the field of reparations and makes four interconnected arguments. First, that NSAG engagement in reparations can offer a unique practical contribution to meeting the needs of victims (including truth recovery, the recovery of disappeared bodies, de-mining etc.) but also represent a powerful symbolic effort to restore the human dignity of victims and a commitment to prevent violence from recurring. Second, that by taking ‘active responsibility’ through reparations work for past violence, NSAGs and ex-combatants can themselves become involved in processes of delabelling and destigmatization, finding routes to demonstrate their own humanity, and in some cases, becoming involved in work that resonates with the political ideology that motivated them to engage in political violence in the first place. Third, that NSAG reparations can play a significant role in societal and political transformation in post conflict societies, with ex-combatants themselves being key drivers for change through such reparative work. The article concludes by arguing that NSAG and ex-combatant reparative work can represent a self-conscious effort to ‘change the script’, transforming relationships previously defined by violence and harm to ones designed to improve the lives of victims, ex-combatants themselves and the societies in which they live.
Relationship Between Riparian Buffers and Terrestrial Wildlife in the Eastern United States
Authors: Larsen-Gray Angela L , Loehle Craig 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
When working forest stands are harvested, vegetated strips along streams are often retained as part of forestry best management practices (BMPs) to protect water quality. These riparian buffers, known as streamside management zones, when following forestry BMP recommendations, also likely provide benefits to various terrestrial wildlife species. To better understand the role of riparian buffers in contributing to biological diversity in working forest landscapes, we reviewed literature (n = 30) that reported on herpetofauna, bird, and mammal responses to riparian buffers in the eastern United States. Although few results were consistent among taxa, community composition commonly varied among riparian buffer widths. Narrower riparian buffers more commonly supported edge and disturbance-associated species whereas wider riparian buffers tended to support interior-associated species. We did not find a consistent width that supported all terrestrial wildlife species studied.
Professional Identity Formation of Early Career Music Therapists
Authors: Byers Cassandra , Meadows Anthony 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
In this study, 15 early career music therapists were interviewed about their academic, clinical, personal, and early professional experiences to define the key characteristics of their professional identity formation. Subsequent analysis of these data revealed that for these music therapists, early career identity formation was characterized by 3 developmental tasks: (1) formulating a professional identity, (2) identifying and practicing a preferred working style, and (3) moving from a single approach to practice and drawing from a variety of theories and approaches. Furthermore, their early career identity formation was characterized by 4 sequential subphases: (1) openness to change, (2) experiencing complexity, (3) freeing up, and (4) increased confidence. Barriers to healthy identity formation were also discussed. Implications for education and training, along with the importance of facilitating mentorship opportunities for early career professionals, were proposed to connect the findings to academic and professional life.
Environmental noise-induced cardiovascular responses during sleep
Authors: Lechat Bastien , Scott Hannah , Decup Felix , Hansen Kristy L , Micic Gorica , Dunbar Claire , Liebich Tessa , Catcheside Peter , Zajamsek Branko 
Published: December 2021

AbstractStudy ObjectivesThis study was designed to test the utility of cardiovascular responses as markers of potentially different environmental noise disruption effects of wind farm compared to traffic noise exposure during sleep.MethodsTwenty participants underwent polysomnography. In random order, and at six sound pressure levels from 33 dBA to 48 dBA in 3 dB increments, three types of wind farm and two types of road traffic noise recordings of 20-s duration were played during established N2 or deeper sleep, each separated by 20 s without noise. Each noise sequence also included a no-noise control. Electrocardiogram and finger pulse oximeter recorded pulse wave amplitude changes from the pre-noise onset baseline following each noise exposure and were assessed algorithmically to quantify the magnitude of heart rate and finger vasoconstriction responses to noise exposure.ResultsHigher sound pressure levels were more likely to induce drops in pulse wave amplitude. Sound pressure levels as low as 39 dBA evoked a pulse wave amplitude response (Odds ratio [95% confidence interval]; 1.52 [1.15, 2.02]). Wind farm noise with amplitude modulation was less likely to evoke a pulse wave amplitude response than the other noise types, but warrants cautious interpretation given low numbers of replications within each noise type.ConclusionsThese preliminary data support that drops in pulse wave amplitude are a particularly sensitive marker of noise-induced cardiovascular responses during. Larger trials are clearly warranted to further assess relationships between recurrent cardiovascular activation responses to environmental noise and potential long-term health effects.
Endodontic mishaps during root canal treatment performed by undergraduate dental students
Authors: Alghamdi Nuha S. , Algarni Youssef A. , Ain Tasneem Sakinatul , Alfaifi Haifa M. , AlQarni Alaa A. , Mashyakhi Jamilah Q. , Alasmari Sara E. , Alshahrani Muhanned M. 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Endodontic mishaps during root canal treatment (RCT) are considered to be one of the most commonly encountered errors, which affect the quality of treatment and may have dangerous health implications for patients.
The present study was conducted to assess the frequency and types of endodontic mishaps in root canal-treated teeth performed by undergraduate dental students.
A total 404 endodontically treated teeth were performed by undergraduate dental students of King Khalid University College of Dentistry, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The radiographs of the endodontically treated teeth were studied for a period of 6 months, and the related demographic data were collected from patient files.
The most commonly identified mishaps were related to obturation, where the maximum number of cases (68.1%) had under-obturated root canals. More endodontic mishaps were performed by students in level 9 education. The upper left 2nd molar teeth had a higher frequency of mishaps, and molars were found to have more access-related mishaps. Lastly, access-related and instrument-related mishaps had a low frequency of occurrence.
The majority of endodontic mishaps found in the study sample were related to root canal obturation. The undergraduate students at level 9 were less proficient in conducting RCTs with many endodontic mishaps when compared to the cases performed by students at higher levels. The study suggests relevant guidance for dental students while performing RCTs, especially during obturation of the root canals.
Radiographic and clinical evaluation of single-level lateral interbody fusion in patients with severe stenosis analyzed using cluster analysis
Authors: Hiyama Akihiko , Katoh Hiroyuki , Sakai Daisuke , Sato Masato , Watanabe Masahiko 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This study was a retrospective review of patients treated in a single institution. We performed a cluster analysis of the degree of preoperative stenosis to investigate the effect of indirect neural decompression in single-level lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF). Surgery is generally indicated for patients with severe stenosis. On the other hand, severe lumbar spinal stenosis is a relative contraindication to LLIF and is excluded in most studies. If LLIF, which is less invasive to treatment, can be applied to severe stenosis patients, it may help treatment. Cluster analysis classified 80 patients into 3 groups based on preoperative central canal area (CCA), preoperative canal diameter (CD), and preoperative Schizas grade: group 1 with severe stenosis (n = 43); group 2 with moderate stenosis (n = 27); and group 3 with mild stenosis (n = 10). Preoperative and immediately postoperative CCA and CD in magnetic resonance imaging were compared between groups. Disc angle (DA) and anterior, posterior, and average disc heights (AvDH) (anterior disc height, posterior disc height, average disc height AvDH) were measured using standing lateral plain radiographs. For clinical analysis, a numeric rating scale was used to evaluate clinical outcomes. DA, anterior disc height, posterior disc height, and AvDH increased significantly after the operation in all groups, but the average changes in these factors did not differ. Mean midsagittal CD and axial CCA on MRI magnetic resonance imaging increased significantly in all groups, but as with DA and DH, the changes in axial CCA and midsagittal CD did not differ between groups. The numeric rating scale score did not differ between groups at any time. The cluster analysis results suggested that postoperative changes in indirect neural decompression for severe stenosis after LLIF similar for moderate and mild stenosis and that pain did not differ according to the severity of stenosis after surgery.
Bioinformatics study on different gene expression profiles of fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells in keloids
Authors: Zheng Weihan , Lin Guojian , Wang Zhizhou 
Published: December 2021

Abstract
Keloid is a benign fibroproliferative skin tumor. The respective functions of fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells in keloid have not been fully studied. The purpose of this study is to identify the respective roles and key genes of fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells in keloids, which can be used as new targets for diagnosis or treatment.
The microarray datasets of keloid fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used for functional enrichment analysis. The search tool for retrieval of interacting genes and Cytoscape were used to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and analyze gene modules. The hub genes were screened out, and the relevant interaction networks and biological process analysis were carried out.
In fibroblasts, the DEGs were significantly enriched in collagen fibril organization, extracellular matrix organization and ECM-receptor interaction. The PPI network was constructed, and the most significant module was selected, which is mainly enriched in ECM-receptor interaction. In vascular endothelial cells, the DEGs were significantly enriched in cytokine activity, growth factor activity and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. Module analysis was mainly enriched in TGF-β signaling pathway. Hub genes were screened out separately.
In summary, the DEGs and hub genes discovered in this study may help us understand the molecular mechanisms of keloid, and provide potential targets for diagnosis and treatment.
A novel compound heterozygous COL4A4 mutation in a Chinese family with Alport syndrome
Authors: Chen Ji-Yu , Cui Jing-Jing , Yang Xi-Ran , Li Yan-Fang , Zhang Yan-Hua , Chen Jia-Ni , Lin Jun-Yu , Zhao Bo 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Alport syndrome (AS) is an inherited progressive renal failure, characterized by kidney disease, hearing loss, and eye abnormalities.

Patient concerns:
A 7-year-old male child was admitted for persistent microscopic hematuria and proteinuria.

Diagnoses:
Combined with clinical manifestations, laboratory testing, pathological changes of kidney and sequencing results, the patient was diagnosed as AS.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with ACEI and tacrolimus drugs for 2 years, but continued to have hematuria and proteinuria. Thus, a genetic analysis was performed using next-generation sequencing in four affected members from the family.

Outcomes:
The findings revealed triple compound heterozygous mutation of COL4A4: three novel variations, c.1045C>T (p. R349X), c.3505+1G>A (splicing), and c.2165G>A (p. G722D).

Lessons:
This study was novel in finding that a triple variant of the COL4A4 gene simultaneously in trans and in cis. The effects of multiple mutation sites and the type of gene mutation in AS were also underlined.
Mid-clavicle fracture with dislocation of the ipsilateral acromioclavicular joint treated with Endobutton system
Authors: Gao Zhixiang , Cai Peng , Yao Kai , Long Nengji , Liu Lijuan , Xiao Cong 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) dislocation combined with ipsilateral midclavicular fracture is extremely unusual and is a high-energy injury to the shoulder. A review of the literature divides the treatment of clavicular fractures is divided into nonsurgical treatment, plates, and intramedullary nailing, while the options for ACJ dislocation are elastic fixation and rigid fixation. However, there is still a lack of consensus about the most appropriate way to treat this shoulder injury. This case report involves a mid-clavicle fracture with dislocation of the ipsilateral ACJ, which was classified as type V according to Rockwood classification.

Patient concerns:
A 65-year-old man came to the emergency department after a traffic accident in which he was driving a motorcycle that collided with another motorcycle and his right shoulder collided directly with the ground. Digital radiography (DR) and computed tomography (CT) scans of the right shoulder joint showed mid-clavicle fracture with dislocation of the ipsilateral ACJ, which was classified as type V according to Rockwood classification.

Diagnoses:
The diagnosis of mid-clavicle fracture with dislocation of the ipsilateral ACJ was confirmed by DR and CT.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with a clavicle plate combined with the double Endobutton technique.

Outcomes:
After a 6-month follow up, the patient had excellent results for shoulder range of motion and functional. The patient's Constant-Murley score is 92.

Lessons:
Mid-clavicular fracture with a high-energy injury is highly suspicious and requires perfect shoulder CT or bilateral shoulder stress position DR to confirm whether there is a combined ACJ dislocation.
A pediatric case report and literature review of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type1
Authors: Xiao Ting , Yang Haiyan , Gan Siyi , Wu Liwen 
Published: December 2021

Abstract

Rationale:
Early-onset facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is defined as facial weakness before the age of 5 and shoulder weakness before the age of 10. Early-onset facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy is relatively rare in the clinic. This onset is relatively early, the symptoms are serious, and it is likely to be accompanied by retinal vascular disease, sensorineural deafness, epilepsy and other extramuscular multisystem diseases. We report the clinical characteristics of 2 patients with early-onset facial and shoulder brachial muscular dystrophy to improve clinicians’ understanding of this particular condition.

Patient concerns:
We report 2 pediatric patients with FSHD type 1. Patient 1 is an 11-year-old boy with reduced facial expression for 9 years and proximal muscle weakness for 6 years. Patient 2 is a 4-year and 6-month-old girl with developmental delay for 3 years and facial weakness for 1 year.

Diagnosis:
According to the clinical manifestations and molecular genetic testing (such as Southern blot analysis), the patients were diagnosed with early-onset FSHD1.

Interventions:
The patients received cocktail therapy (vitamin B1 tablets, vitamin B2 tablets, vitamin B6 tablets, vitamin C tablets, vitamin E tablets, idebenone tablets, etc.) to improve their muscle metabolism.

Outcomes:
Both patients’ condition did not improve after being given cocktail treatment. According to a recent follow-up, the symptoms of facial weakness and proximal muscle weakness were aggravated.

Lessons:
Early-onset FSHD presents early and has frequent systemic features, and it is a severe subtype of FSHD. Early identification and genetic diagnosis should be performed to improve patient prognosis.