bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insulin Increases Central Aortic Stiffness in Response To Hyperglycemia in Healthy Humans: A Randomized Four-Way Crossover Study
Authors: Horton William B , Jahn Linda A , Hartline Lee M , Aylor Kevin W , Patrie James T , Barrett Eugene J 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction: Increasing arterial stiffness is a feature of vascular aging that is accelerated by conditions that enhance cardiovascular risk, including diabetes mellitus. Multiple studies demonstrate divergence of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and augmentation index in persons with diabetes mellitus, though mechanisms responsible for this are unclear.Materials and Methods: We tested the effect of acutely and independently increasing plasma glucose, plasma insulin, or both on hemodynamic function and markers of arterial stiffness (including carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, forward and backward wave reflection amplitude, and wave reflection magnitude) in a four-arm, randomized study of healthy young adults.Results: Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity increased only during hyperglycemic-hyperinsulinemia (+0.36 m/s; p=0.032), while other markers of arterial stiffness did not change (all p>0.05). Heart rate (+3.62 bpm; p=0.009), mean arterial pressure (+4.14 mmHg; p=0.033), central diastolic blood pressure (+4.16 mmHg; p=0.038), and peripheral diastolic blood pressure (+4.09 mmHg; p=0.044) also significantly increased during hyperglycemic-hyperinsulinemia.Conclusions: We conclude that the acute combination of moderate hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia preferentially stiffens central elastic arteries. This effect may be due to increased sympathetic activity. (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT03520569; registered 9 May 2018).
A REVIEW OF QUALITY CONTROL IN HISTOCHEMISTRY AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY STAINING
Authors: Ardiyan Yustina Nuke 
Published: March 2021

Background: Tissue staining methods need controls to give best quality results. Controls is necessary to support the validity, correctness, and reliability of the staining results. Haematoxylin and Eosin (HE) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining require different control quality.
Objective: To discuss the utilization of controls used in tissue staining.
Method: This is a narrative review with literature from 2008-2016.
Results: Routine staining usually does not require any control. Specific stainings require controls to support the validity, correctness, and reliability of the staining results. Histochemistry staining requires only positive control, while positive and negative controls must be included in IHC staining. A tissue section which expresses the protein of interest is reffered to positive control, whereas those without any target antigen expression are defined as negative control.
Conclusion: Histochemistry and IHC staining controls are needed to obtain the validity of the tissue or cell samples.
Evolution of meteorological factors during 1980–2015 in the Daqing River Basin, North China
Authors: Jiao Yufei , Liu Jia , Li Chuanzhe , Qiu Qingtai , Zhang Xiaojiao , Yu Fuliang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Precipitation and temperature data, such as the homogeneity, trend, abrupt change, and periodicity, obtained at 40 meteorological stations in the Daqing River Basin from 1980 to 2015 are analyzed using the Mann–Kendall method, anomaly accumulation, Rescaled range analysis (R/S analysis) and wavelet transform. The regularity of climate change is studied to provide guidelines for the rational utilization of water resources. The results show that the annual precipitation has an insignificant upward trend and suddenly changes in 2007. The precipitation evolution can be divided into three types of periodicity, that is, 22–32, 8–16, and 3–7 year time scales, where the 28 year scale is the first main period of precipitation change. The annual average temperature shows a notable upward trend, with 1992 as the change year. The annual average temperature can be divided into three types of periodicity, that is, the 25–32, 14–20, and 5–10 year time scales, where the 28 year scale is the first main period of temperature change. In conclusion, the climate of the Daqing River Basin gradually turns into humid and hot climate. The results provide valuable reference for the assessment of the effects of climate change, and the management of water resources.
Multi-scale flood prediction based on GM (1,2)-fuzzy weighted Markov and wavelet analysis
Authors: Zhang Jinping , Wang Yuhao , Zhao Yong , Fang Hongyuan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In order to forecast flood accurately and reveal the relationship between rainstorm and flood at the micro level, a model which combines wavelet analysis, GM (1,2) and fuzzy weighted Markov is built. Taking the Jialu River of Zhengzhou City in China as study area, the GM (1,2) model is constructed between the components of rainfall and flood volume by wavelet decomposition to connect the two variables, then a fuzzy weighted Markov method is introduced to correct the predicted component of flood volume. The corrected results are superimposed to obtain the predicted value of flood. To verify the reliability of the model, the maximum daily, 3-, 5- and 7-day flood volume of the next five floods in Zhongmu and Jiangang hydrological stations are predicted in turn. The results show that the multi-scale flood forecasting model has high overall forecasting accuracy, with the average relative errors all less than 10%. The forecasting accuracy of maximum five-day flood volume is higher than other periods. On the micro level, the results indicate that the fluctuation trend and period of rainfall-flood volume in d1, d2 and d3 are basically the same. Among the components of forecasted flood, the impact of rainfall on flood volume is most significant in the d3 component.
Water–sediment separation efficiency prediction of gill-piece separation device
Authors: Tao Hongfei , Zhou Yang , Aihemaiti Mahemujiang , Li Qiao , Yang Wenxin , Jiang Youwei , Wu Zijing 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
As the key piece of equipment of a micro-irrigation system, the filter can prevent clogging of the emitter and ensure normal operation of the micro-irrigation system. A gill-piece separation device is used for the removal of viscous sediment, which helps to reduce the sediment concentration and decrease the burden on the filter. In this study, using the water–sediment separation efficiency as an evaluation index, a uniform orthogonal experiment was conducted to study the flow rate, sediment concentration, and gill-piece spacing using a physical model. Based on the experimental results of the physical model, multiple linear regression and projection pursuit regression were used for analysis. The results showed that the order of the factors affecting the water–sediment separation efficiency was as follows: flow rate at muddy water inlet &gt; gill-piece spacing &gt; sediment concentration. The correlation coefficients of the water–sediment separation efficiency models established using multiple linear regression and projection pursuit regression were 0.93 and 0.98, respectively. Both models could predict the water–sediment separation efficiency and determine the optimal working conditions of the gill-piece separation device.
3-T MRI in Patients who Received Anterior Cervical Discectomy and
Fusion Surgery with MAVRIC SL IR Sequence: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Yang Renjie , Liu Changsheng , Li Liang , Chen Liang , Liu Weiyin Vivian , Zha Yunfei 
Published: March 2021

Objective:
We aimed to investigate the feasibility of multi-acquisition with variable
resonance image combination slab selectivity inversion recovery (MAVRIC SL IR) sequence on 3.0
T MRI in patients with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery compared to
bandwidth-optimized short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequence.

Methods:
Paired sagittal MR images of MAVRIC SL IR and bandwidth-optimized STIR sequences
were acquired and analyzed for 21 patients after ACDF surgery with PEEK cage-plate construct.
Quantitative comparisons were made on the metal artifact areas of paired mid-sagittal images. In
qualitative analysis, the consistency of fat suppression and visibility of anatomic structures (bonemetal
interface, surrounding soft tissues, and spinal cord) were independently assessed, based on a
five-point scale by two musculoskeletal radiologists, who were blind to the images and patient
details.

Results:
The application of the MAVRIC SL IR sequence resulted in a significant reduction of 48%
in the mean area of metal artifacts (t = -7.141, p < 0.001). Based on the comments received from
both the reviewers, the MAVRIC SL IR sequence showed greater visibility of the bone-metal
interface (p < 0.001), considerable visibility of the surrounding soft tissues (p > 0.05) but worse
visibility of the spinal cord (p < 0.001), including the consistency of fat suppression (p < 0.001)
relative to the bandwidth-optimized STIR sequence.

Conclusion:
With significantly reduced metal artifacts, the MAVRIC SL IR sequence can be
implemented in patients undergoing ACDF surgery with PEEK cage-plate construct for 3.0 T MRI,
despite the poor visibility of the spinal cord.
Comparison of Pharmacodynamics and Celiac Effects of Olmesartan Medoxomil Formulations by using Olmesartan-induced Celiac-rat-model
Authors: Komesli Yelda , Ergur Bekir Ugur , Karasulu Ercument 
Published: March 2021

:
Olmesartan Medoxomil (OM) is an angiotensin receptor blocker and has the adverse effect
of celiac like enteropathy which was accepted by the FDA in 2013. This disease is characterized
by severe diarrhea, weight loss and enteropathy. Although there are many case reports associated
with olmesartan-related enteropathy in humans, it has not been described in a long-term animal
model study so far. We developed a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (OM-SMEDDS)
in our previous study to reduce this side effect of the drug and to enhance bioavailability. In this
study, an artificial hypertension model was established with a dose of 185 μmol /kg L-NAME (N
ω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester) twice in a day intraperitoneally in Wistar albino rats. To determine
and compare side effects, the OM-Suspension and OM-SMEDDS were administered at 1.3
mg/kg therapeutic dose during one-month period to the rats. Tension of rats was recorded by measuring
from their tails with non invasive blood pressure system. We observed celiac like enteropathy
findings like villous atrophy and intraepithelial lymphocytosis and clinical changes like weight
loss and severe diarrhea after the treatment with OM-Suspension during one-month experiment. It
was also observed that the antihypertensive efficacy of the OM-SMEDDS formulation was higher
than the suspension during the experiment, which did not cause enteropathy, diarrhea and weight
loss by reducing intestinal exposure. Hereby, we evaluated the side effects of two different pharmaceutical
forms by designing a sustainable and reproducible celiac rat model that can be induced
with olmesartan medoxomil.
The Complex Interrelationship between Diabetes Mellitus, Oral Diseases
and General Health
Authors: Grisi Daniela Corrêa , Vieira Isabel Verlangeiro , de Almeida Lima Ana Karolina , de Oliveira Mattos Mariana Caldas , Damé-Teixeira Nailê , Salles Loise Pedrosa , de Oliveira Laudimar Alves , Stefani Cristine , do Carmo Machado Guimarães Maria 
Published: March 2021

:
There is emerging evidence that several oral diseases and conditions can be associated
with DM. Dental caries, hyposalivation, fungal diseases and endodontics lesions may represent potential
oral complications that can be aggravated by chronic hyperglycemia. Individuals with DM
have a low perception of oral diseases which can lead to clinically important oral and systemic complications.
This review aims to provide data on the most common oral signs and symptoms related
to DM and to explore the mechanisms that might explain associations between DM and oral diseases
in order to clarify the risks posed by poor oral health in DM. Since the linkage between oral diseases
and DM is part of multifactorial aspects related to chronic hyperglycemic status and several
common conditions affecting the whole body, both require rigorous self-control from patients and
attention from medical and dental professionals.
Diabetic Gastroenteropathy: Soothe the Symptoms or Unravel a Cure?
Authors: Meling Sondre , Bertoli Davide , Sangnes Dag A. , Brock Christina , Drewes Asbjørn , Ejskjaer Niels , Dimcevski Georg , Søfteland Eirik 
Published: March 2021

:
Autonomic neuropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus, and especially complications
related to gastrointestinal neuropathy, are often overlooked in the clinic. Diabetic gastroenteropathy
affects every segment of the gastrointestinal tract and generates symptoms that may include
nausea, early satiety, vomiting, abdominal pain, constipation, and diarrhea. Severe cases can be
complicated by weight loss, dehydration, and electrolyte disturbances. The pathophysiology is complex,
the diagnostics and treatment options are multidisciplinary, and there is generally a lack of
evidence for the treatment options. The aims for this review are first to summarize the pathophysiology
and describe possible and expected symptoms and complications.Further, we will try to supply
the clinician with a straightforward tool for diagnostics, and then, we shall summarize established
treatment options, including diet recommendations, pharmacological and non-pharmacological options.
Finally, we will explore the multiple possibilities of novel treatment, looking at medications
related to the pathophysiology of neuropathy, other manifestations of autonomic neuropathies, and
symptomatic treatment for other gastrointestinal disorders, also including new knowledge of endosurgical
and neuromodulatory treatment. The overall goal is to increase awareness and knowledge
on this frequent diabetic complication and to provide better tools for diagnosis and treatment. Ultimately,
we hope to encourage further research in this field, as there are clear shortcomings in terms
of biomarkers, pathophysiology, as well as treatment possibilities. In conclusion, diagnosis and management
of diabetic gastroenteropathy are challenging and often require multidisciplinary teams
and multimodal therapies. Treatment options are sparse, but new pharmacological, endoscopic, and
neuromodulatory techniques have shown promising results in initial studies.
An Integrated Approach of Proposed Pruning Based Feature Selection Technique (PBFST) for Phishing E-mail Detection
Authors: Hota Hari Shanker , Sharma Dinesh , Shrivas Akhilesh 
Published: March 2021

Introduction:
The entire world is shifting towards electronic communication through
Email for fast and secure communication. Millions of people, including organization, government,
and others, are using Email services. This growing number of Email users are facing problems;
therefore, detecting phishing Email is a challenging task, especially for non-IT users. Automatic
detection of phishing Email is essential to deploy along with Email software. Various authors have
worked in the field of phishing Email classification with different feature selection and
optimization techniques for better performance.

Objective:
This paper attempts to build a model for the detection of phishing Email using data
mining techniques. This paper's significant contribution is to develop and apply Feature Selection
Technique (FST) to reduce features from the phishing Email benchmark data set.

Methods:
The proposed Pruning Based Feature Selection Technique (PBFST) is used to determine
the rank of feature based on the level of the tree where feature exists. The proposed algorithm is
integrated with already developed Bucket Based Feature Selection Technique (BBFST). BBFST is
used as an internal part to rank features in a particular level of the tree.

Results :
Experimental work was carried out with open source WEKA data mining software using
a 10-fold cross-validation technique. The proposed FST was compared with other ranking based
FSTs to check the performance of C4.5 classifier with Phishing Email data set.

Conclusion:
The proposed FST reduces 33 features out of 47 features which exist in phishing
Email dataset and C4.5 algorithm produces remarkable accuracy of 99.06% with only 11 features
and it has been found to be better than other existing FSTs.
An Implementation Strategy to Expand Mobile Health Use in HIV Care Settings: Rapid Evaluation Study Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research
Authors: Cohn Wendy F , Canan Chelsea E , Knight Sarah , Waldman Ava Lena , Dillingham Rebecca , Ingersoll Karen , Schexnayder Julie , Flickinger Tabor E 
Published: March 2021

Background
Mobile health (mHealth) apps can provide support to people living with a chronic disease by offering resources for communication, self-management, and social support. PositiveLinks (PL) is a clinic-deployed mHealth app designed to improve the health of people with HIV. In a pilot study, PL users experienced considerable improvements in care engagement and viral load suppression. To promote its expansion to other HIV clinics, we developed an implementation strategy consisting of training resources and on-demand program support.

Objective
The objective of our study was to conduct an interim analysis of the barriers and facilitators to PL implementation at early adopting sites to guide optimization of our implementation strategy.

Methods
Semistructured interviews with stakeholders at PL expansion sites were conducted. Analysis of interviews identified facilitators and barriers that were mapped to 22 constructs of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The purpose of the analysis was to identify the facilitators and barriers to PL implementation in order to adapt the PL implementation strategy. Four Ryan White HIV clinics were included. Interviews were conducted with one health care provider, two clinic managers, and five individuals who coordinated site PL activities.

Results
Ten common facilitators and eight common barriers were identified. Facilitators to PL implementation included PL’s fit with patient and clinic needs, PL training resources, and sites’ early engagement with their information technology personnel. Most barriers were specific to mHealth, including access to Wi-Fi networks, maintaining patient smartphone access, patient privacy concerns, and lack of clarity on how to obtain approvals for mHealth use.

Conclusions
The CFIR is a useful framework for evaluating mHealth interventions. Although PL training resources were viewed favorably, we identified important barriers to PL implementation in a sample of Ryan White clinics. This enabled our team to expand guidance on identifying information technology stakeholders and procuring and managing mobile resources. Ongoing evaluation results continue to inform improvements to the PL implementation strategy, facilitating PL access for future expansion sites.
Acute Exacerbation of a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Prediction System Using Wearable Device Data, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning: Development and Cohort Study
Authors: Wu Chia-Tung , Li Guo-Hung , Huang Chun-Ta , Cheng Yu-Chieh , Chen Chi-Hsien , Chien Jung-Yien , Kuo Ping-Hung , Kuo Lu-Cheng , Lai Feipei 
Published: March 2021

Background
The World Health Organization has projected that by 2030, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will be the third-leading cause of mortality and the seventh-leading cause of morbidity worldwide. Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are associated with an accelerated decline in lung function, diminished quality of life, and higher mortality. Accurate early detection of acute exacerbations will enable early management and reduce mortality.

Objective
The aim of this study was to develop a prediction system using lifestyle data, environmental factors, and patient symptoms for the early detection of AECOPD in the upcoming 7 days.

Methods
This prospective study was performed at National Taiwan University Hospital. Patients with COPD that did not have a pacemaker and were not pregnant were invited for enrollment. Data on lifestyle, temperature, humidity, and fine particulate matter were collected using wearable devices (Fitbit Versa), a home air quality–sensing device (EDIMAX Airbox), and a smartphone app. AECOPD episodes were evaluated via standardized questionnaires. With these input features, we evaluated the prediction performance of machine learning models, including random forest, decision trees, k-nearest neighbor, linear discriminant analysis, and adaptive boosting, and a deep neural network model.

Results
The continuous real-time monitoring of lifestyle and indoor environment factors was implemented by integrating home air quality–sensing devices, a smartphone app, and wearable devices. All data from 67 COPD patients were collected prospectively during a mean 4-month follow-up period, resulting in the detection of 25 AECOPD episodes. For 7-day AECOPD prediction, the proposed AECOPD predictive model achieved an accuracy of 92.1%, sensitivity of 94%, and specificity of 90.4%. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the model in predicting AECOPD was greater than 0.9. The most important variables in the model were daily steps walked, stairs climbed, and daily distance moved.

Conclusions
Using wearable devices, home air quality–sensing devices, a smartphone app, and supervised prediction algorithms, we achieved excellent power to predict whether a patient would experience AECOPD within the upcoming 7 days. The AECOPD prediction system provided an effective way to collect lifestyle and environmental data, and yielded reliable predictions of future AECOPD events. Compared with previous studies, we have comprehensively improved the performance of the AECOPD prediction model by adding objective lifestyle and environmental data. This model could yield more accurate prediction results for COPD patients than using only questionnaire data.
Vinculación a proceso. Análisis al estándar probatorio.
Authors: Ortiz Garcia Jorge Eduardo 
Published: March 2021

<p align="center"><strong> </strong> El análisis planteado en el presente texto abarca el origen en que se estableció un sistema normativo en México, continuando por un análisis interpretativo y la complejidad para unificar criterios en establecer un estándar probatorio. Desde su inicio el auto de vinculación a proceso ha planteado distintas dicotomías hasta el día de hoy, como se intentará analizar.</p><div> </div>
Does Diet Impact the Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?
Authors: Lewandowska Marta , Aune Dagfinn , Bristor Doug , Kassam Shireen 
Published: March 2021

The incidence of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) continues to rise beyond that expected by an aging population alone. There are some established risk factors, including viral infections, autoimmune disease, occupational exposures, radiation, but the vast majority of cases remain unexplained. However, one of the most frequent questions asked by patients is ‘what about my diet’? For certain cancer types there are well-established associations with dietary exposures, such as processed meat and bowel cancer. However, for NHL the associations with dietary factors are less well established and not often considered in consultations. Given that some common NHL subtypes have a familial risk, there may be an opportunity to counsel family members on lifestyle approaches aimed at risk reduction. In this spotlight, we review evidence for the relationship between diet and the risk of NHL.