bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Activity Produced from Abundant Expression of C‐Type Cytochromes in a Filamentous Gram‐Positive Bacterium
Authors: Li Daobo , Zheng Xiaodan , Yang Yonggang , Kong Guannan , Xu Meiying 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNatural microbes employing c‐type cytochromes (c‐Cyts) for extracellular electron transport (EET) were greatly valuable to develop redox‐based bioelectrochemical applications. However, low levels of c‐Cyt expression limited the phylogenetically diverse Gram‐positive species to be used in bioelectrochemical devices. This work reported the remarkable finding that a high level of c‐Cyts was expressed in the cells of the Gram‐positive strain Lysinibacillus varians GY32. c‐Cyts in Lysinibacillus varians GY32 cells were expressed at a level close to those in Shewanella oneidensis. These c‐Cyts were found to cluster in cytoplasmic membrane and periplasmic space, along the length of Lysinibacillus varians GY32 cell. With voltammetry and spectroelectrochemical titration, phenazine methosulfate‐mediated electron transfer between the c‐Cyts and an electrode was proved. These results expanded the accessible natural models of EET and suggested a new microbial platform for developing bioelectrochemical applications.
Green Synthesis of Ag2S Quantum Dots as Sensing Probe: An Optical Sensor for the Detection of Cholesterol
Authors: Mir Irshad Ahmad , Kumar Sachin , Bhat Masroor Ahmad , Khan Quadrat Ullah , Wani Aijaz Ahmad , Zhu Ling 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIn this study, an environmental‐friendly method of preparation is adopted for the synthesis of NIR emitted Ag2S quantum dots (QDs) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a functional capping agent. According to the experimental results, the QDs with an average size of 4.5 nm exhibit their emission peak at 820 nm when excited at 420 nm. Furthermore, these QDs are used for the easy and fast detection of cholesterol (Ch) using the fluorescence (FL) spectroscopic method. These Ag2S QDs show signs of Ch concentration dependent FL enhancement after Ch‐QD complexation and Ch concentration. These QDs are either unchanged or underwent FL quenching in the presence of other studied analytes. Under the optimal conditions, the selectivity and sensitivity of BSA capped QDs for Ch are found to be significantly higher compared with other bioanalytes. In this case, the limit of detection is determined as 50 × 10−9 m. Moreover, this assay demonstrated such advantages as cheap affordability, simplicity, and specificity in terms of Ch sensing.
Sports drug testing and the athletes' exposome
Authors: Thevis Mario , Kuuranne Tiia , Fedoruk Matthew , Geyer Hans 
Published: October 2021

AbstractSimilar to the general population, elite athletes are exposed to a complex set of environmental factors including chemicals and radiation and also biological and physical stressors, which constitute an exposome that is, unlike for the general population, subjected to specific scrutiny for athletes due to applicable antidoping regulations and associated (frequent) routine doping controls. Hence, investigations into the athlete's exposome and how to distinguish between deliberate drug use and different contamination scenarios has become a central topic of antidoping research, as a delicate balance is to be managed between the vital and continually evolving developments of sensitive analytical techniques on the one hand, and the risk of the athletes' exposome potentially causing adverse analytical findings on the other.
Increased growth rates of stream salamanders following forest harvesting
Authors: Guzy Jacquelyn C. , Halstead Brian J. , Halloran Kelly M. , Homyack Jessica A. , Willson John D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractTimber harvesting can influence headwater streams by altering stream productivity, with cascading effects on the food web and predators within, including stream salamanders. Although studies have examined shifts in salamander occupancy or abundance following timber harvest, few examine sublethal effects such as changes in growth and demography. To examine the effect of upland harvesting on growth of the stream‐associated Ouachita dusky salamander (Desmognathus brimleyorum), we used capture–mark–recapture over three years at three headwater streams embedded in intensely managed pine forests in west‐central Arkansas. The pine stands surrounding two of the streams were harvested, with retention of a 14‐ and 21‐m‐wide forested stream buffer on each side of the stream, whereas the third stream was an unharvested control. At the two treatment sites, measurements of newly metamorphosed salamanders were on average 4.0 and 5.7 mm larger post‐harvest compared with pre‐harvest. We next assessed the influence of timber harvest on growth of post‐metamorphic salamanders with a hierarchical von Bertalanffy growth model that included an effect of harvest on growth rate. Using measurements from 839 individualD.brimleyorumrecaptured between 1 and 6 times (total captures,n = 1229), we found growth rates to be 40% higher post‐harvest. Our study is among the first to examine responses of individual stream salamanders to timber harvesting, and we discuss mechanisms that may be responsible for observed shifts in growth. Our results suggest timber harvest that includes retention of a riparian buffer (i.e., streamside management zone) may have short‐term positive effects on juvenile stream salamander growth, potentially offsetting negative sublethal effects associated with harvest.
Single‐cell resolution of plasma cell fate programming in health and disease
Authors: Delaloy Céline , Schuh Wolfgang , Jäck Hans‐Martin , Bonaud Amélie , Espéli Marion 
Published: October 2021

AbstractLong considered a homogeneous population dedicated to antibody secretion, plasma cell phenotypic and functional heterogeneity is increasingly recognized. Plasma cells were first segregated based on their maturation level, but the complexity of this subset might well be underestimated by this simple dichotomy. Indeed, in the last decade new functions have been attributed to plasma cells including but not limited to cytokine secretion. However, a proper characterization of plasma cell heterogeneity has remained elusive partly due to technical issues and cellular features that are specific to this cell type. Cell intrinsic and cell extrinsic signals could be at the origin of this heterogeneity. Recent advances in technologies such as single cell RNA‐seq, ATAC‐seq, or ChIP‐seq on low cell numbers helped to elucidate the fate decision in other cell lineages and similar approaches could be implemented to evaluate the heterogeneous fate of activated B cells in health and disease. Here, we summarized published work shedding some lights on the stimuli and genetic program shaping B‐cell terminal differentiation at the single cell level in mice and men. We also discuss the fate and heterogeneity of plasma cells during immune responses, vaccination, and in the frame of human plasma cell disorders.
The Utilization of Para‐Substituted Triphenylphosphine Derivatives to Synthesize Highly Emissive Cyclometalated Platinum(II) Complexes
Authors: Shahsavari Hamid R. , Chamyani Samira , Hu Jiyun , Aghakhanpour Reza Babadi , Rheingold Arnold L. , Paziresh Sareh , Rahal Dania , Tsuji Miu , Momand Bilal , Beyzavi Hudson 
Published: October 2021

AbstractHerein, the synthesis and characterization of a series of heteroleptic cycloplatinated(II) complexes [Pt(p‐MeC6H4)(dfppy)(L)], dfppy=2‐(2,4‐difluorophenyl)pyridinate), with different para‐substituted triphenylphosphine ligands (L) are reported. The complexes exhibit greenish‐blue phosphorescence under UV light at room temperature in their solid states. Their emissions appear as structured bands which indicates that the emissions mainly originate from the electronic transitions in the dfppy ligand with small contribution of metal to ligand and/or ligand to ligand charge transfers. The phosphine ligands do not have a considerable impact on the shape and wavelength of the emissions. However, the electron density of the phosphine ligands affects the emission strengths significantly. To rationalize the experimental photophysical data, density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent DFT (TD‐DFT) calculations were employed for all the complexes.
Graphene Nanocomposites Based Electrochemical Sensing Platform for Simultaneous Detection of Multi‐drugs
Authors: Pham Tien Song Hiep , Hasegawa Shinichi , Mahon Peter , Guérin Katia , Dubois Marc , Yu Aimin 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThree reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites were employed to achieve the simultaneous electrochemical determination of multi‐drugs including acetaminophen (ACTM), carbendazim (CB) and ciprofloxacin (CFX). All nanocomposite modified electrodes showed improved current responses for three drugs. Notably cauliflower‐like platinum nanoparticles decorated reduced graphene oxide modified electrode (or Pt−RGO/GCE) exhibited the best performance in terms of electrochemical stability. Using Pt−RGO/GCE, the linear detect ranges of 30–120 μM, 25–115 μM and 10–25 μM, and detection limit values of 3.49, 2.96, and 1.53 μM were achieved for ACTM, CB and CFX respectively. The electrode was further used for the successful determination of above drugs in tap and river water using differential pulse voltammetry. From the obtained results, we believe that Pt‐RGO/GCE is highly promising for the fabrication of robust electrochemical sensors for simultaneously determining ACTM, CB and CFX or similar types of drugs in the future.
Non‐invasive and non‐destructive Raman spectroscopic characterization of some Brazilian ethnographic resins
Authors: de Faria Dalva L. A. , Maier Marta S. , Parera Sara D. , Afonso Marisa C. , Lima Silvia C. , Edwards Howell G. M. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe chemical investigation of museum collection items can provide key information on the provenance and technical aspects involved in their production and, additionally, can help in the establishment of restoration and conservation strategies of rare or valuable assets. Natural organic materials are challenging because of their chemical complexity and expected degradation. In this work, eight ethnographic resins from different sites in the Amazon and central areas in Brazil were studied by FT‐Raman spectroscopy aiming at the non‐invasive and non‐destructive identification of their chemical composition; chromatographic methods (Thin Layer Chromatography and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry—TLC and GC‐MS, respectively) were used as destructive confirmatory techniques. The samples were classified into five groups, each one presenting a common set of spectroscopic features: diterpenoid resins with chemical composition similar to the Brazil copal in some cases with carotenoids in their composition as did the triterpenoid resins also identified. Additionally, two gums (polysaccharides) were detected, and two very dark samples only generated a thermal or a luminescent background (1064 and 632.8 nm excitation, respectively). Total ion current (TIC) chromatograms from these very dark samples only showed peaks assigned to fatty acids probably because the resinous compounds were not soluble in the solvent used in GC‐MS analysis. These results show that resin‐containing museum assets in the Brazilian ethnographic context can be studied directly by Raman spectroscopy, contributing to a better understand of the culture of indigenous peoples from resin provenance, uses and processing for example. The results will be used as a database to be compared with certified reference samples, when available.
HPV‐Positive Status Is an Independent Factor Associated With Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma Recurrence
Authors: Viitasalo Sanna , Ilmarinen Taru , Lilja Markus , Hytönen Maija , Hammarén‐Malmi Sari , Auvinen Eeva , Hagström Jaana , Dillner Joakim , Aaltonen Leena‐Maija 
Published: October 2021

ObjectivesThe present study aimed to evaluate human papillomavirus (HPV) occurrence in sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP), and to assess factors associated with HPV positivity and SNIP recurrence.Study DesignProspective study.MethodsWe prospectively collected clinical data and fresh tissue specimens from 90 consecutive patients treated for SNIP at Helsinki University Hospital, between 2015 and 2019. Fourteen patients with recurrent SNIP underwent repeated tumor sampling. All tissue specimens were analyzed for the presence of HPV. Factors associated with SNIP recurrence and HPV positivity were assessed.ResultsAmong 107 SNIP specimens, 14 (13.1%) were positive for low‐risk HPV and 6 (5.6%) were positive for high‐risk HPV. HPV positivity was associated with an increased risk of recurrence (P = .004). Smoking was significantly associated with HPV positivity in SNIP (P = .01), but a history of HPV‐related diseases or patient sexual habits did not correlate with HPV positivity. The recurrence rate was lower among patients with SNIP that underwent an attachment‐oriented resection, compared to patients treated without attachment‐oriented resections (78.6% vs 25.8%, P < .001).ConclusionsThe risk of SNIP recurrence was highly associated with 1) HPV positivity and 2) surgery without an attachment‐oriented resection. Oncogenic HPV was rare in SNIP.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 132:1714–1718, 2022
Different forms of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus influence ecosystem stoichiometry in a north temperate river across seasons and land uses
Authors: Shousha Stéphanie , Maranger Roxane , Lapierre Jean‐François 
Published: October 2021

AbstractNatural and human features on land result in differential loadings of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) to rivers that influence within ecosystem processing. However, little is known about how land use, together with seasonal changes in climate and hydrology, influence the relative proportions of C, N, and P in rivers. To evaluate the spatial and temporal patterns in ecosystem‐level C: N: P stoichiometry, we sampled 13 sites once per season for 3 yr along the main stem of a north temperate river with winter ice‐cover that flows across a gradient of forested, urban, and agricultural landscapes. We found that C concentrations were rather stable along the continuum, whereas N and P rapidly increased downstream due to urban and agricultural land uses. The flow‐weighted C: N: P ecosystem stoichiometry ranged from 2319: 119: 1 in the most upstream site to 368: 60: 1 at the outlet. The dominant form of N generally shifted from dissolved organic nitrogen in upstream forested reaches to nitrate in more impacted, downstream reaches, and winter stoichiometry was enriched in inorganic N and dissolved P forms. Concentrations of all three elements were generally lower in spring during year‐high flow due to dilution. The spatial and temporal variation in stoichiometry in this north temperate river covered much of the range previously observed between litter ratios and the Redfield ratio. This suggests that even moderate human impacts can have profound effects on riverine ecosystem stoichiometry, and that these effects are modulated by seasonal trends in temperature and hydrology.
Simulation of viscoelastic Cosserat rods based on the geometrically exact dynamics of special Euclidean strands
Authors: Giusteri Giulio G. , Miglio Edie , Parolini Nicola , Penati Mattia , Zambetti Raffaello 
Published: October 2021

AbstractWe propose a method for the description and simulation of the nonlinear dynamics of slender structures modeled as Cosserat rods. It is based on interpreting the strains and the generalized velocities of the cross sections as basic variables and elements of the special Euclidean algebra. This perspective emerges naturally from the evolution equations for strands, that are one‐dimensional submanifolds, of the special Euclidean group. The discretization of the corresponding equations for the three‐dimensional motion of a Cosserat rod is performed, in space, by using a staggered grid. The time evolution is then approximated with a semi‐implicit method. Within this approach, we can easily include dissipative effects due to both the action of external forces and the presence of internal mechanical dissipation. The comparison with results obtained with different schemes shows the effectiveness of the proposed method, which is able to provide very good predictions of nonlinear dynamical effects and shows competitive computation times also as an energy‐minimizing method to treat static problems.
Inkjet‐Printed MoS2 Transistors with Predominantly Intraflake Transport
Authors: Mondal Sandeep K. , Biswas Ananya , Pradhan Jyoti R. , Dasgupta Subho 
Published: October 2021

Abstract2D semiconductors, such as transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) show a rare combination of physical properties that include a large‐enough bandgap to ensure sufficient current modulation in transistors, matching electron and hole mobility for complimentary logic operation, and sufficient mechanical flexibility of the nanosheets. Moreover, the solvent‐exfoliated TMD‐nanosheets may also be processed at low temperatures and onto a wide variety of substrates. However, the poor inter‐flake transport in solution‐cast 2D‐TMD network transistors hinders the realization of high device mobility and current modulations that the intraflake transistors can regularly demonstrate. In this regard, fully printed and electrolyte‐gated, narrow‐channel MoS2 field‐effect transistors (FETs) with simultaneous high current saturation (>310 µA µm−1) and on–off ratio (>106) are proposed here. The transport limitation is overcome by printing an additional metal layer onto the 2D‐TMD nanosheet channel, which substantially shortens the effective channel lengths and results in predominant intraflake transport. In addition, a channel‐capacitance‐modulation induced subthermionic transport is recorded, which leads to a subthreshold slope value as low as 7.5 mV dec−1. On the other hand, thermionic MOSFETs and fully printed depletion‐mode NMOS inverters are also presented. The demonstrated generic approach involving chemically exfoliated nanosheet inks and the absolute device yield indicates the feasibility of fully printed 2D‐TMD electronics.
High power density at low electric fields in dopamine modified barium titanate based poly(arylene ether nitrile) based composites
Authors: Yu Zhengpeng , Zeng Jingjing , Tang Jingyuan , Li Yu , Jin Tingting , Zeng Benlan , Wei Xianhua , Liu Jingsong , Pu Linyu , Huang Xu 
Published: October 2021

AbstractOwing to their excellent dielectric properties and energy storage performance, polymer‐based composites have shown great potential in the application of pulse energy storage capacitors and electrostatic capacitors. In this study, BaTiO3 (BT) particles with different sizes were modified with dopamine to prepare core–shell structured BT particles (PDA@BT), and then the poly(arylene ether nitrile) (PEN)‐based PDA@BT/PEN composites were prepared. As a common biological material, dopamine has a variety of functional groups which can be used to improve the compatibility between the fillers and the matrix. Moreover, the movement of the carriers at the interface of the composites is limited and the loss is reduced. The composites with an optimized filler size illustrate a high energy density of 1.37 J/cm3 at 160 kV/mm, which nearly reaches up to the energy density of biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) at low electric field. In addition, the composites have the superior power density of 1.88 MW/cm3 with a fast discharge time of 0.138 μs.
Attending to the social–political dimensions of urban flooding in decision‐support research: A synthesis of contemporary empirical cases
Authors: Eakin Hallie C. , Parajuli Jagadish , Hernández Aguilar Bertha , Yogya Yamini 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPublic adaptation decision‐making entails a negotiation of disparate perspectives on risk, harm, and value in relation to understanding impacts, as well as in choosing among alternative adaptation strategies. Public adaptation decisions impact the distribution of resources and risk and thus, while not always acknowledged, such decisions are inherently social and political, with implications for equity and justice. We synthesize insights from 128 empirical case studies of processes of public decision‐making pertaining to infrastructural flood risk adaptation in urban areas. We focus on urban flood risk adaptation efforts because of the growing threat of flooding in urban areas globally, the technical orientation of such investments and the social equity issues associated with urban flood exposure and response. We explore the assumptions about the decision criteria and decision‐support needs presented in this research. And we document the extent to which these studies incorporate sources of knowledge on the social dimensions of flood impacts, consider social and political criteria in evaluating intervention strategies and account for issues of equity and justice in the adaptation process. We conclude with a discussion on the potential obstacles in the research community for deeper engagement with the social and political dimensions of adaptation decision support, and ways to address such obstacles.This article is categorized under:
Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change > Institutions for Adaptation
Metal and Plastic Recycling Flows in a Circular Value Chain
Authors: Shahbazi Sasha , van Loon Patricia , Kurdve Martin , Johansson Mats 
Published: October 2021

AbstractMaterial efficiency in manufacturing is an enabler of circular economy and captures value in industry through decreasing the amount of material used to produce one unit of output, generating less waste per output and improving waste segregation and management. However, material types and fractions play an important role in successfulness of recycling initiatives. This study investigates two main fractions in automotive industry, namely, metal and plastic. For both material flows, information availability and standards and regulations are pivotal to increase segregation, optimize the collection and obtain the highest possible circulation rates with high quality of recyclables. This paper presents and compares the current information flows and standards and regulations of metals and plastics in the automotive value chain.
A Life Cycle-Based Scenario Analysis Framework for Municipal Solid Waste Management
Authors: Istrate Ioan-Robert , Gálvez-Martos José-Luis , Dufour Javier 
Published: October 2021

AbstractA framework for the systematic analysis of the material flows and the life cycle environmental performance of municipal solid waste (MSW) management scenarios is described in this article. This framework is capable of predicting the response of waste treatment processes to the changes in waste streams composition that inevitably arise in MSW management systems. The fundamental idea is that the inputs (raw materials and energy) and outputs (final products, emissions, etc.) into/from treatment processes are previously allocated to the specific waste materials contained in the input waste stream. Aggregated indicators like life cycle environmental impacts can then be allocated to waste materials, allowing systematic scenario analyses. The framework is generic and flexible, and can easily be adapted to other types of assessments, such as economic analysis and optimization.
Recent Advances on Reachability Problems for Valence Systems (Invited Talk)
Authors: Zetzsche Georg 
Published: October 2021

AbstractValence systems are an abstract model of computation that consists of a finite-state control and some storage mechanism. In contrast to traditional models, the storage mechanism is not fixed, but given as a parameter. This allows us to precisely state questions like: For which storage mechanisms is the reachability problem decidable?This survey reports on recent results that aim to understand the impact of the storage mechanism on decidability and complexity of several variants of the reachability problem. The considered problems are configuration reachability, model-checking first-order logic with reachability, and reachability under bounded context switching and scope-boundedness.