bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison between Memetic Algorithm and Genetic Algorithm for an Integrated Logistics Network with Flexible Delivery Path
Authors: Behmanesh Elham , Pannek Jürgen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe distribution/allocation problem is known as one of the most comprehensive strategic decision. In real-world cases, it is impossible to solve a distribution/allocation problem in traditional ways with acceptable time. Hence researchers develop efficient non-traditional techniques for the large-term operation of the whole supply chain. These techniques provide near optimal solutions particularly for large-scale test problems. This paper presents an integrated supply chain model which is flexible in the delivery path. As the solution methodology, we apply a memetic algorithm with a neighborhood search mechanism and novelty in population presentation method called “extended random path direct encoding method.” To illustrate the performance of the proposed memetic algorithm, LINGO optimization software serves as comparison basis for small size problems. In large-size cases that we are dealing with in real world, a classical genetic algorithm as the second metaheuristic algorithm is considered to compare the results and show the efficiency of the memetic algorithm.
Genome-wide association study (GWAS) of leaf wax components of apple
Authors: Cao Fuguo , Li Zhongxing , Jiang Lijuan , Liu Chen , Qian Qian , Yang Feng , Ma Fengwang , Guan Qingmei 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe wax layer of apple leaves plays an important role in improving stress resistance, but relatively little is known about the mechanisms of wax synthesis and transport in apple leaves. In this study, 17 wax components, including alcohols, alkanes, fatty acids and terpenes, were analyzed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS) from the leaves of 123 apple germplasms. Whole-genome sequencing of these apple accessions yielded 5.9 million high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 17 wax components and identified several genes related to wax synthesis and transport, including MdSHN1 (SHINE1), MdLTP4 (LIPID TRANSFER PROTEIN4), MdWSD1 (WAX ESTER SYNTHASE/ACYL-COA DIAC-YLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE1), MdRDR1 (RNA-DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE1), MdACBP6 (ACYL-COA-BINDING PROTEIN6), MdNLE (NOTCHLESS) and MdABCG21 (ATP-BINDING CASSETTE G21). Moreover, we identified some prominent SNPs that may affect gene expression and protein function. These results provide insights into mechanisms of wax synthesis and transport in apple leaves and broaden the genetic resources and basis for facilitating resistance breeding.
Bayesian Hierarchical Models for Measuring Varietal Improvement in Tobacco Yield and Quality
Authors: Ramsey A. Ford , Rejesus Roderick M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe measure the economic impact of varietal improvement and technological change in flue-cured tobacco across quantity (e.g., yield) and quality dimensions under a voluntary quality constraint. Since 1961, flue-cured tobacco breeders in the United States have been subject to the Minimum Standards Program that sets limits on acceptable quality characteristics for commercial tobacco varieties. We implement a Bayesian hierarchical model to measure the contribution of breeding efforts to changes in tobacco yields and quality between 1954 and 2017. The Bayesian model addresses limited data for varieties in the trials and allows easy generation of the necessary parameters of economic interest.
Discovery of argon in air-hydrate crystals in a deep ice core using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
Authors: Uchida Tsutomu , Shigeyama Wataru , Oyabu Ikumi , Goto-Azuma Kumiko , Nakazawa Fumio , Homma Tomoyuki , Kawamura Kenji , Dahl-Jensen Dorthe 
Published: November 2021

AbstractTiny samples of ancient atmosphere in air bubbles within ice cores contain argon (Ar), which can be used to reconstruct past temperature changes. At a sufficient depth, the air bubbles are compressed by the overburden pressure under low temperature and transform into air-hydrate crystals. While the oxygen (O2) and nitrogen (N2) molecules have indeed been identified in the air-hydrate crystals with Raman spectroscopy, direct observational knowledge of the distribution of Ar at depth within ice sheet and its enclathration has been lacking. In this study, we applied scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to five air-hydrate crystals in the Greenland NEEM ice core, finding them to contain Ar and N. Given that Ar cannot be detected by Raman spectroscopy, the method commonly used for O2 and N2, the SEM-EDS measurement method may become increasingly useful for measuring inert gases in deep ice cores.
The termite genus Glyptotermes (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) in Miocene amber from Ethiopia
Authors: Bouju Valentine , Jouault Corentin , Perrichot Vincent 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA new species of drywood termite (Isoptera: Kalotermitidae) is described from a nearly complete alate specimen preserved in early Miocene Ethiopian amber. Glyptotermes abyssinicus new species is distinguished by its U-shaped head with 12-segmented antennae, the ocelli separated from the eye margin, the right mandible with an obtuse angle between the apical and first marginal teeth, the left mandible with an obtuse angle between the apical and first + second marginal teeth, and the wing venation. This is the first termite reported from Ethiopian amber, and the fourth Miocene species of the extant genus Glyptotermes Froggatt, 1897, together with species previously described from diatomites of China and amber from the Dominican Republic. As the oldest report of the genus known from Africa, G. abyssinicus n. sp. constitutes an interesting new record for the biogeographical history of the kalotermitid lineage.UUID: http://zoobank.org/7670b045-fb31-4809-8116-4d14c4dd275b
Variation of the winter mid-latitude Westerlies in the Northern Hemisphere during the Holocene revealed by aeolian deposits in the southern Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Gao Fuyuan , Yang Junhuai , Wang Shuyuan , Wang Youjun , Li Kaiming , Wang Fei , Ling Zhiyong , Xia Dunsheng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe mid-latitude Westerlies (MLW) are one of the most important atmospheric circulation systems in the Northern Hemisphere, exerting a huge influence on the climate of the region downwind, and thus on vegetation, water resources, and human wellbeing. However, the seasonal variation of the MLW during the Holocene is not yet been fully understood, especially when its contribution is the most important. Here, we used end-member (EM) modeling analysis of the grain-size distributions of a high-altitude aeolian sedimentary sequence (4452 m a.s.l.) from the Yarlung Zangbo River valley in the southern Tibetan Plateau to reveal variations in the winter MLW during the Holocene. Analysis of seasonal differences in modern atmospheric circulation suggests that the southern Tibetan Plateau was heavily influenced by the mid-latitude Westerlies at the 400, 500, and 600 hPa levels in winter, while it was seldom influenced at these levels in summer. Four grain-size end-members are identified, representing distinct aerodynamic environments, of which EM1 (modal grain size 8.1 μm) can be used as a proxy of the winter MLW. A reconstruction of the variation of the winter MLW during the Holocene based on EM1 revealed that a weaker winter MLW occurred during the Early to Middle Holocene, and a stronger winter MLW during the Middle to Late Holocene. Overall, we suggest that this change in the winter MLW was closely related to the insolation/temperature/pressure gradient between low and high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere.
Contributions of Abstract Extratextual Talk and Interactive Style to Preschoolers’ Vocabulary Development
Authors: MUHINYI Amber , ROWLAND Caroline F. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractCaregiver abstract talk during shared reading predicts preschool-age children’s vocabulary development. However, previous research has focused on level of abstraction with less consideration of the style of extratextual talk. Here, we investigated the relation between these two dimensions of extratextual talk, and their contributions to variance in children’s vocabulary skills. Caregiver level of abstraction was associated with an interactive reading style. Controlling for socioeconomic status and child age, high interactivity predicted children’s concurrent vocabulary skills whereas abstraction did not. Controlling for earlier vocabulary skills, neither dimension of the extratextual talk predicted later vocabulary. Theoretical and practical relevance are discussed.
Socio-political context as determinant of childhood maltreatment: a population-based study among women and men in East and West Germany
Authors: Ulke C. , Fleischer T. , Muehlan H. , Altweck L. , Hahm S. , Glaesmer H. , Fegert J.M. , Zenger M. , Grabe H.J. , Schmidt S. , Beutel M.E. , Schomerus G. , Brähler E. , Speerforck S. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAimBeing subjected to childhood maltreatment has devastating long-term adverse effects and is a major risk factor for mental health problems in adult life. There is empirical support that socio-political factors can be risk factors for childhood maltreatment. Here we examine whether socio-political context predicts self-rated childhood maltreatment in a sample of the German population.MethodsData were drawn from surveys of representative samples of the East and West German population, including participants born 1980 or earlier (5836 participants; 3146 women). Childhood maltreatment was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Screener, the German short screening version of the childhood trauma questionnaire. To examine whether socio-political context is a predictor of childhood maltreatment in women and men, we conducted logistic regression analyses.ResultsWe found that in women, socio-political context (West Germany) significantly predicted childhood maltreatment (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 1.7 [1.2–2.5], 1.6 [1.1–2.3], 2.5 [1.6–4.1] and 1.8 [1.3–2.5] for emotional neglect, and emotional, physical and sexual violence, respectively). In men, the socio-political context (West Germany) was a predictor of physical and sexual violence (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 1.8 [1.2–2.7] and 2.5 [1.4–4.5]), respectively. Concerning emotional neglect and violence, socio-political context was not a significant predictor in men. The examination of differential item functioning revealed that our results could not be attributed to differential response behaviour between East and West Germans caused by item bias.ConclusionsThe results suggest that socio-political context is an important determinant to consider when examining childhood maltreatment. Future research should continue to focus on risk and protective factors at the societal level, such as legal frameworks addressing gender equality and child protection laws, to create further evidence for population-wide prevention strategies ensuring safe, nurturing and thriving environments for children and families.
Drivers of Recent North Pacific Decadal Variability: The Role of Aerosol Forcing
Authors: Dittus Andrea J. , Hawkins Ed , Robson Jon I. , Smith Doug M. , Wilcox Laura J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractClimate variability in the Pacific has an important influence on climate around the globe. In the period from 1981 to 2012, there was an observed large‐scale cooling in the Pacific. This cooling projected onto the negative phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and contributed to a slowdown in the rate of near‐surface temperature warming. However, this cooling pattern is not simulated well by the majority of coupled climate models and its cause is uncertain. We use large multi‐model ensembles from the sixth Climate Model Intercomparison Project, and an ensemble of simulations with HadGEM3‐GC3.1‐LL that is specifically designed to sample the range of uncertainty in historical anthropogenic aerosol forcing, to revisit the role of external forcings. We show that anthropogenic aerosols can drive an atmospheric circulation response via an increase in North Pacific sea level pressure and contribute to a negative PDO during this period in several global climate models. In HadGEM3, this increase in North Pacific sea‐level pressure is associated with an anomalous Rossby Wave train across the North Pacific, which is also seen in observations. Our results provide further evidence that anthropogenic aerosols may have contributed to observed cooling in the Pacific in this period. However, the simulated cooling in response to aerosol forcing is substantially weaker than the warming induced by greenhouse gases, resulting in simulations that are warming faster than observations, and further highlighting the need to understand whether models correctly simulate atmospheric circulation responses.
Fluid Flow Concentration on Preferential Paths in Heterogeneous Porous Media: Application of Graph Theory
Authors: Tang Y. B. , Zhao J. Z. , Bernabé Y. , Li M. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractFluid flow through geological formations is often concentrated on distinct preferential flow paths owing to the presence of fractures or large‐scale permeability structures. However, the existence of such structures is not a mandatory condition of preferential paths formation. Pore‐scale spatial fluctuations of pore size and/or pore connectivity in statistically stationary porous media, if sufficiently large, can also lead to the concentration of fluid flow on distinct pathways. In this paper, we attempted to establish the conditions of formation of preferential flow paths in heterogeneous porous media in terms of pore‐size heterogeneity and pore connectivity. We simulated steady‐state flow through stochastically constructed two‐ and three‐dimensional pore networks, in which the width of the pore radius distribution and the pore coordination number (a measure of pore connectivity) were varied. We developed new techniques based on graph theory to identify potential preferential flow paths and characterize them. We observed a gradual transition from approximately uniform flow fields in low heterogeneity/high connectivity networks to flow localization on preferential paths with increasing pore‐size heterogeneity and decreasing connectivity. The transition occurred at lower heterogeneity levels in three‐dimensional than in two‐dimensional simulations and was less influenced by pore connectivity variations. These results were summarized in a phase diagram in pore‐size heterogeneity/pore connectivity parameter space, which we found consistent with relevant real rocks data.
Distribution and Dimethylsulfoniopropionate Degradation of Dimethylsulfoniopropionate‐Consuming Bacteria in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea
Authors: Yu Juan , Zhang Sheng‐Hui , Tian Ji‐Yuan , Zhang Zheng‐Yu , Zhao Li‐Jun , Xu Rui , Yang Gui‐Peng , Lai Jing‐Guang , Wang Xue‐Dan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe fate of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), the precursor of the climatologically important gas dimethylsulfide (DMS), depends on the structure of marine communities. DMSP degradation by DMSP‐consuming bacteria (DCB) is an important sink of dissolved DMSP (DMSPd) in seawater. DMSP cleavage and demethylation are two DMSPd consumption pathways, and the DMSPd cleavage pathway involves DMSP lyase activity (DLA). Here, we studied the distribution of DMS, DMSP, DCB, and DLA in the seawater of the Yellow Sea and East China Sea in the summer of 2013 and the degradation of DMSPd by DCB. High DCB abundances, as well as DMS and dissolved, particulate, total DMSP (DMSPd,p,t) concentrations were observed near the Hongzhou Bay, which may be due to the high productivity of dinoflagellates. The spatial distribution of DCB abundance was most likely the result of the regional hydrography including upwelling near Hangzhou Bay and the discharge of Yangtze Diluted Water (YDW). The DLA along the YDW decreased from coastal water to open sea. The DMSPd consumption by DCB Bacillus sp. YES023 isolated from the seawater was accompanied by DMS production (≤8.2% of DMSPd consumption). Bacillus sp. YES023 could also grow using glycine betaine, acrylic acid, dimethylsulfoxide, monomethylamine, or dimethylamine as a sole carbon source. Glycine betaine and acrylic acid were the most favorable substrates for overall growth. These results help our understanding of bacterial catabolism and the degradation pathways of methyl sulfur compounds in the ocean.
Characterising 18F-fluciclovine uptake in breast cancer through the use of dynamic PET/CT imaging
Authors: Scott N. P. , Teoh E. J. , Flight H. , Jones B. E. , Niederer J. , Mustata L. , MacLean G. M. , Roy P. G. , Remoundos D. D. , Snell C. , Liu C. , Gleeson F. V. , Harris A. L. , Lord S. R. , McGowan D. R. 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Background
18F-fluciclovine is a synthetic amino acid positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer that is approved for use in prostate cancer. In this clinical study, we characterised the kinetic model best describing the uptake of 18F-fluciclovine in breast cancer and assessed differences in tracer kinetics and static parameters for different breast cancer receptor subtypes and tumour grades.

Methods
Thirty-nine patients with pathologically proven breast cancer underwent 20-min dynamic PET/computed tomography imaging following the administration of 18F-fluciclovine. Uptake into primary breast tumours was evaluated using one- and two-tissue reversible compartmental kinetic models and static parameters.

Results
A reversible one-tissue compartment model was shown to best describe tracer uptake in breast cancer. No significant differences were seen in kinetic or static parameters for different tumour receptor subtypes or grades. Kinetic and static parameters showed a good correlation.

Conclusions
18F-fluciclovine has potential in the imaging of primary breast cancer, but kinetic analysis may not have additional value over static measures of tracer uptake.

Clinical Trial Registration
NCT03036943.
Long range and highly tunable interaction between local spins coupled to a superconducting condensate
Authors: Küster Felix , Brinker Sascha , Lounis Samir , Parkin Stuart S. P. , Sessi Paolo 
Published: November 2021

AbstractInterfacing magnetism with superconducting condensates is rapidly emerging as a viable route for the development of innovative quantum technologies. In this context, the development of rational design strategies to controllably tune the interaction between magnetic moments is crucial. Here we address this problem demonstrating the possibility of tuning the interaction between local spins coupled through a superconducting condensate with atomic scale precision. By using Cr atoms coupled to superconducting Nb, we use atomic manipulation techniques to precisely control the relative distance between local spins along distinct crystallographic directions while simultaneously sensing their coupling by scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Our results reveal the existence of highly anisotropic interactions, lasting up to very long distances, demonstrating the possibility of crossing a quantum phase transition by acting on the direction and interatomic distance between spins. The high tunability provides novel opportunities for the realization of topological superconductivity and the rational design of magneto-superconducting interfaces.
Identification of proximal SUMO-dependent interactors using SUMO-ID
Authors: Barroso-Gomila Orhi , Trulsson Fredrik , Muratore Veronica , Canosa Iñigo , Merino-Cacho Laura , Cortazar Ana Rosa , Pérez Coralia , Azkargorta Mikel , Iloro Ibon , Carracedo Arkaitz , Aransay Ana M. , Elortza Felix , Mayor Ugo , Vertegaal Alfred C. O. , Barrio Rosa , Sutherland James D. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe fast dynamics and reversibility of posttranslational modifications by the ubiquitin family pose significant challenges for research. Here we present SUMO-ID, a technology that merges proximity biotinylation by TurboID and protein-fragment complementation to find SUMO-dependent interactors of proteins of interest. We develop an optimized split-TurboID version and show SUMO interaction-dependent labelling of proteins proximal to PML and RANGAP1. SUMO-dependent interactors of PML are involved in transcription, DNA damage, stress response and SUMO modification and are highly enriched in SUMO Interacting Motifs, but may only represent a subset of the total PML proximal proteome. Likewise, SUMO-ID also allow us to identify interactors of SUMOylated SALL1, a less characterized SUMO substrate. Furthermore, using TP53 as a substrate, we identify SUMO1, SUMO2 and Ubiquitin preferential interactors. Thus, SUMO-ID is a powerful tool that allows to study the consequences of SUMO-dependent interactions, and may further unravel the complexity of the ubiquitin code.
Epromoters function as a hub to recruit key transcription factors required for the inflammatory response
Authors: Santiago-Algarra David , Souaid Charbel , Singh Himanshu , Dao Lan T. M. , Hussain Saadat , Medina-Rivera Alejandra , Ramirez-Navarro Lucia , Castro-Mondragon Jaime A. , Sadouni Nori , Charbonnier Guillaume , Spicuglia Salvatore 
Published: November 2021

AbstractGene expression is controlled by the involvement of gene-proximal (promoters) and distal (enhancers) regulatory elements. Our previous results demonstrated that a subset of gene promoters, termed Epromoters, work as bona fide enhancers and regulate distal gene expression. Here, we hypothesized that Epromoters play a key role in the coordination of rapid gene induction during the inflammatory response. Using a high-throughput reporter assay we explored the function of Epromoters in response to type I interferon. We find that clusters of IFNa-induced genes are frequently associated with Epromoters and that these regulatory elements preferentially recruit the STAT1/2 and IRF transcription factors and distally regulate the activation of interferon-response genes. Consistently, we identified and validated the involvement of Epromoter-containing clusters in the regulation of LPS-stimulated macrophages. Our findings suggest that Epromoters function as a local hub recruiting the key TFs required for coordinated regulation of gene clusters during the inflammatory response.
A mechanistic investigation of the Li10GeP2S12|LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 interface stability in all-solid-state lithium batteries
Authors: Zuo Tong-Tong , Rueß Raffael , Pan Ruijun , Walther Felix , Rohnke Marcus , Hori Satoshi , Kanno Ryoji , Schröder Daniel , Janek Jürgen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAll-solid-state batteries are intensively investigated, although their performance is not yet satisfactory for large-scale applications. In this context, the combination of Li10GeP2S12 solid electrolyte and LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 positive electrode active materials is considered promising despite the yet unsatisfactory battery performance induced by the thermodynamically unstable electrode|electrolyte interface. Here, we report electrochemical and spectrometric studies to monitor the interface evolution during cycling and understand the reactivity and degradation kinetics. We found that the Wagner-type model for diffusion-controlled reactions describes the degradation kinetics very well, suggesting that electronic transport limits the growth of the degradation layer formed at the electrode|electrolyte interface. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the rate of interfacial degradation increases with the state of charge and the presence of two oxidation mechanisms at medium (3.7 V vs. Li+/Li < E < 4.2 V vs. Li+/Li) and high (E ≥ 4.2 V vs. Li+/Li) potentials. A high state of charge (>80%) triggers the structural instability and oxygen release at the positive electrode and leads to more severe degradation.