bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dislocation structure of deformed olivine single crystals from conventional EBSD maps
Authors: Faul Ulrich 
Published: September 2021

AbstractDislocations, linear defects in a crystalline lattice characterized by their slip systems, can provide a record of grain internal deformation. Comprehensive examination of this record has been limited by intrinsic limitations of the observational methods. Transmission electron microscopy reveals individual dislocations, but images only a few square $$\upmu$$
μ
m of sample. Oxidative decoration requires involved sample preparation and has uncertainties in detection of all dislocations and their types. The possibility of mapping dislocation density and slip systems by conventional (Hough-transform based) EBSD is investigated here with naturally and experimentally deformed San Carlos olivine single crystals. Geometry and dislocation structures of crystals deformed in orientations designed to activate particular slip systems were previously analyzed by TEM and oxidative decoration. A curvature tensor is calculated from changes in orientation of the crystal lattice, which is inverted to calculate density of geometrically necessary dislocations with the Matlab Toolbox MTEX. Densities of individual dislocation types along with misorientation axes are compared to orientation change measured on the deformed crystals. After filtering (denoising), noise floor and calculated dislocation densities are comparable to those reported from high resolution EBSD mapping. For samples deformed in [110]c and [011]c orientations EBSD mapping confirms [100](010) and [001](010), respectively, as the dominant slip systems. EBSD mapping thus enables relatively efficient observation of dislocation structures associated with intracrystalline deformation, both distributed, and localized at sub-boundaries, over substantially larger areas than has previously been possible. This will enable mapping of dislocation structures in both naturally and experimentally deformed polycrystals, with potentially new insights into deformation processes in Earth’s upper mantle.
Development of a multi-excitation fluorescence (MEF) imaging method to improve the information content of benthic coral reef surveys
Authors: Bollati Elena , D’Angelo Cecilia , Kline David I. , Mitchell B. Greg , Wiedenmann Jörg 
Published: September 2021

AbstractBenthic surveys are a key component of monitoring and conservation efforts for coral reefs worldwide. While traditional image-based surveys rely on manual annotation of photographs to characterise benthic composition, automatic image annotation based on computer vision is becoming increasingly common. However, accurate classification of some benthic groups from reflectance images presents a challenge to local ecologists and computers alike. Most coral reef organisms produce one or a combination of fluorescent pigments, such as Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)-like proteins found in corals, chlorophyll-a found in all photosynthetic organisms, and phycobiliproteins found in red macroalgae, crustose coralline algae (CCA) and cyanobacteria. Building on the potential of these pigments as a target for automatic image annotation, we developed a novel imaging method based on off-the-shelf components to improve classification of coral and other biotic substrates using a multi-excitation fluorescence (MEF) imaging system. We used RGB cameras to image the fluorescence emission of coral and algal pigments stimulated by narrow-waveband blue and green light, and then combined the information into three-channel pseudocolour images. Using a set of a priori rules defined by the relative pixel intensity produced in different channels, the method achieved successful classification of organisms into three categories based on the dominant fluorescent pigment expressed, facilitating discrimination of traditionally problematic groups. This work provides a conceptual foundation for future technological developments that will improve the cost, accuracy and speed of coral reef surveys.
Cochlear implantation under local anesthesia in 117 cases: patients’ subjective experience and outcomes
Authors: Dietz Aarno , Lenarz Thomas 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To report the outcomes and the patients’ subjective experience of cochlear implantation (CI) performed under local anesthesia (LA). To describe a new form of intraoperative cochlear monitoring based on the patients subjective sound perception during CI.

Methods
In this retrospective case–cohort study, 117 patients underwent CI under LA with (n = 58) or without conscious sedation (n = 59). Included were primarily elderly patients with elevated risks for general anesthesia and recently patients with residual hearing eligible for electro-acoustic stimulation (EAS) (n = 27), in whom hearing could be monitored during the electrode insertion. A 500 Hz test tone was presented and the patient reported of subjective changes in loudness, leading to a modification of the insertion. A questionnaire was sent to all patients in which they assessed their subjective experience.

Results
All patients were successfully operated under LA without the need to intraoperatively convert to general anesthesia. 90% of the patients reported that the surgery was a positive experience. The vast majority, 90% of patients were satisfied with the overall treatment and with intraoperative pain management and 84% of the patients would opt for local anesthesia again. Cochlear monitoring by the patients’ subjective sound perception enabled for atraumatic insertions as all EAS patients could hear the test tone up to the end of the surgery.

Conclusions
CI under LA was well tolerated and recommended by the vast majority of patients. In addition, it offers the possibility to monitor the patients’ hearing during the electrode insertion, which may help to prevent insertion trauma.
Workability, quality of life and cardiovascular risk markers in aging nightshift workers: a pilot study
Authors: Jordakieva Galateja , Markovic Lovro , Rinner Walter , Santonja Isabel , Lee Seungjune , Pilger Alexander , Perkman Thomas , Grabovac Igor , Schernhammer Eva , Crevenna Richard , Papantoniou Kyriaki , Godnic-Cvar Jasminka 
Published: September 2021

Summary
Background
In aging healthcare professionals, multiple stressors such as night work may affect life and work satisfaction and risk for chronic diseases (e.g. cardiovascular disease [CVD]). In this pilot study we compared workability, quality of life (QoL), and CVD risk markers between night shift and day workers.

Methods
We included 70 hospital employees (mean age 52 ± 4 years, 91.4% female): 32 rotating night shift workers (> 3 nights/month) and 38 permanent day workers. In addition to sociodemographic, lifestyle, and sleep characteristics, we assessed i) workability index (WAI), ii) QoL (World Health Organization Quality of Life [WHOQOL-Bref]) and iii) CVD risk markers, i.e. carotid ultrasound measurements, and biomarkers (NTproBNP, CRP, IL‑6, LDL, ferritin, copper, zinc, and selenium). WAI, QoL, and CVD risk markers were compared between night and day workers. In a subgroup of participants (N = 38) with complete data, we used quantile regression analysis to estimate age and multivariate adjusted differences in biomarker levels.

Results
We found no differences in the domains of QoL (physical health, psychological, social relationships, and environment) and WAI scores between night and day workers. Night shift workers were less likely to report excellent workability than day workers, although differences were not statistically significant. Night shift workers reported more sleep problems (73.1% vs. 55.6%) and tended to have lower zinc levels and higher inflammatory markers (CRP, IL‑6, ferritin), but differences were not significant after adjusting for potential confounders.

Conclusions
Workability, QoL and CVD markers did not significantly differ between rotating night shift and day workers in this small pilot study. Sleep problems and inflammatory marker levels carry implications for occupational health.
Separately polynomial functions
Authors: Kiss Gergely , Laczkovich Miklós 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIt is known that if $$f:{{\mathbb R}}^2\rightarrow {\mathbb R}$$

f
:

R

2

→
R

is a polynomial in each variable, then f is a polynomial. We present generalizations of this fact, when $${{\mathbb R}}^2$$

R

2

is replaced by $$G\times H$$

G
×
H

, where G and H are topological Abelian groups. We show, e.g., that the conclusion holds (with generalized polynomials in place of polynomials) if G is a connected Baire space and H has a dense subgroup of finite rank or, for continuous functions, if G and H are connected Baire spaces. The condition of continuity can be omitted if G and H are locally compact or one of them is metrizable. We present several examples showing that the results are not far from being optimal.
eHealth cognitive rehabilitation for brain tumor patients: results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: van der Linden Sophie D. , Rutten Geert-Jan M. , Dirven Linda , Taphoorn Martin J. B. , Satoer Djaina D. , Dirven Clemens M. F. , Sitskoorn Margriet M. , Gehring Karin 
Published: September 2021

Abstract
Background
Evidence-based cognitive rehabilitation programs for brain tumor patients are not widely available, despite the high need. We aimed to evaluate the effects of a tablet-based cognitive rehabilitation program on cognitive performance, cognitive complaints, fatigue, and psychological distress in primary brain tumor patients following neurosurgery. Also, attrition, adherence and patient satisfaction with the program were evaluated.

Methods
Adults with presumed low-grade glioma and meningioma were recruited before surgery. Three months thereafter, participants were allocated to the intervention group or waiting-list control group using minimization. The 10-week eHealth app ReMind, based on the effective face-to-face intervention, consisted of psychoeducation, strategy-training and attention retraining. Performance-based cognitive outcomes and patient-reported outcomes were assessed before surgery and 3, 6 and 12 months thereafter. Mean scores, percentages of cognitively impaired individuals and reliable change indices (RCIs) were compared between groups.

Results
Sixty-two out of 183 eligible patients were randomized. Of the people who declined, 56% reported that participation would to be too burdensome. All participants found a tablet-app suitable for delivery of cognitive rehabilitation and 90% rated the program as “good” or “excellent”. Performance-based cognitive outcomes and patient-reported outcomes did not significantly differ in group means over time nor RCIs between the intervention (final n = 20) and control group (final n = 25).

Conclusions
Recruitment at this early stage was difficult, resulting in limited statistical power. No significant effects were demonstrated, while adherence and satisfaction with the eHealth program were good. In clinical practice, ReMind may be helpful, if timing would be adapted to patients’ needs.
Estimation of exogenous drivers to predict COVID-19 pandemic using a method from nonlinear control theory
Authors: Hametner Christoph , Kozek Martin , Böhler Lukas , Wasserburger Alexander , Du Zhang Peng , Kölbl Robert , Bergmann Michael , Bachleitner-Hofmann Thomas , Jakubek Stefan 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe currently ongoing COVID-19 pandemic confronts governments and their health systems with great challenges for disease management. Epidemiological models play a crucial role, thereby assisting policymakers to predict the future course of infections and hospitalizations. One difficulty with current models is the existence of exogenous and unmeasurable variables and their significant effect on the infection dynamics. In this paper, we show how a method from nonlinear control theory can complement common compartmental epidemiological models. As a result, one can estimate and predict these exogenous variables requiring the reported infection cases as the only data source. The method allows to investigate how the estimates of exogenous variables are influenced by non-pharmaceutical interventions and how imminent epidemic waves could already be predicted at an early stage. In this way, the concept can serve as an “epidemometer” and guide the optimal timing of interventions. Analyses of the COVID-19 epidemic in various countries demonstrate the feasibility and potential of the proposed approach. The generic character of the method allows for straightforward extension to different epidemiological models.
Comments on the cosmic convergence of nonexpansive maps
Authors: Gutiérrez Armando W. , Karlsson Anders 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThis note discusses some aspects of the asymptotic behaviour of nonexpansive maps. Using metric functionals, we make a connection to the invariant subspace problem and prove a new result for nonexpansive maps of $$\ell ^{1}$$

ℓ
1

. We also point out some inaccurate assertions appearing in the literature on this topic.
How strong is the argument from inductive risk?
Authors: Henschen Tobias 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe argument from inductive risk, as developed by Rudner and others, famously concludes that the scientist qua scientist makes value judgments. The paper aims to show that trust in the soundness of the argument is overrated – that philosophers who endorse its conclusion (especially Douglas and Wilholt) fail to refute two of the most important objections that have been raised to its soundness: Jeffrey’s objection that the genuine task of the scientist is to assign probabilities to (and not to accept or reject) hypotheses, and Levi’s objection that the argument is ambiguous about decisions about how to act and decisions about what to believe, that only the former presuppose value judgments, and that qua scientist, the scientist only needs to decide what to believe.
Removal of organic matter from the underground water—a pilot scale technological research
Authors: Pruss Alina , Komorowska-Kaufman Małgorzata , Pruss Paweł 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe aim of the study was to select an appropriate technology for the treatment of groundwater with particular emphasis on the effectiveness of organic matter removal. The technological research was carried out on a pilot scale for 6 weeks. The pilot station was supplied with groundwater taken from two wells with different physical and chemical composition and mixtures of the two waters. The installation of the pilot station enabled different configuration of technological processes and continuous water sampling past each device. The following parameters were determined for the water samples: temperature, pH, alkalinity, colour, turbidity, COD KMnO4, TOC and dissolved oxygen, total and bivalent iron and manganese. On the basis of the analysis of the test results, it was found that the treatment technology based on natural aeration and rapid filtration processes was effective for water from well no. 2 and the mixtures of waters from well no. 1 and well no. 2, and the quality of treated water was in accordance with the limits specified in the Regulation of the Polish Minister of Health.
Petrophysical characterization for Thebes and Mutulla reservoirs in Rabeh East Field, Gulf of Suez Basin, via well logging interpretation
Authors: Sarhan Mohammad Abdelfattah 
Published: September 2021

AbstractThe current work assesses the sandstones of the Mutulla Formation as well as the limestone of the Thebes Formation for being promising new oil reservoirs in Rabeh East field at the southern portion of the Gulf of Suez Basin. This assessment has been achieved through petrophysical evaluation of wireline logs for three wells (RE-8, RE-22 and RE-25). The visual analysis of well logs data revealed that RE-25 Well is the only well demonstrating positive criteria in five zones for being potential oil reservoirs. The favourable zone within Thebes Formation locates between depths 5084 ft and 5100 ft (Zone A). However, the other positive zones in Mutulla Formation occur between depths: 5403.5–5413.5 ft (Zone B), 5425.5–5436 ft (Zone C), 5488–5498 ft (Zone D) and 5558.5–5563.5 ft (Zone E). The quantitative evaluation shows that the Zone A of Thebes Formation is the best oil-bearing zone in RE-25 Well in terms of reservoir quality since it exhibits lowest shale volume (0.07), minimum water saturation (0.23) and lowest bulk volume of water (0.03). These limestone beds include type of secondary porosity beside the existing primary porosity. On the other hand, the sandstones of Mutulla Formation in RE-25 contain four reservoir zones (B, C, D and E) with the total net pay thickness of 35.5 ft. Moreover, the obtained results revealed that it is expected for zones B, C and D to produce oil without water but Zone E will produce oil with water.
Patulin Imprinted Nanoparticles Decorated Surface Plasmon Resonance Chips for Patulin Detection
Authors: Çimen Duygu , Bereli Nilay , Denizli Adil 
Published: September 2021

AbstractIn this study, the patulin imprinted and the non-imprinted nanoparticles are synthesized by the two-phase mini emulsion polymerization method and characterized by zeta-size analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Afterwards, the patulin imprinted and the non-imprinted nanoparticles are attached on the surface of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) chips. The patulin imprinted and the non-imprinted SPR nanosensors are characterized by using atomic force microscope, ellipsometer, and contact angle measurements. Kinetic studies for patulin detection are carried out in the concentration range of 0.5 nmolar–750 nmolar. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification values are obtained as 0.011 nmolar and 0.036 nmolar, respectively. In all kinetic analysis, the response time is 13 min for equilibration, adsorption, and desorption cycles. The selectivity studies of the patulin imprinted and the non-imprinted SPR nanosensors are determined in the presence of ochratoxin A and aflatoxin B1. In order to demonstrate the applicability, validation studies of the patulin imprinted SPR nanosensor are performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS).
Effect of Potential and Microstructure on the Tribocorrosion Behaviour of Beta and Near Beta Ti Alloys II
Authors: Neto Mozart Queiroz , Rainforth William Mark 
Published: September 2021

AbstractTitanium alloys, especially Ti6Al4V, are commonly applied in orthopaedic implants as a result of their relatively low density, good corrosion properties, satisfactory biocompatibility and bone ingrowth promoting properties. However, Ti implants are susceptible to mechanical failure. Although corrosion and wear related problems have been recognized as a major issue impeding their long-term application, there is still a lack of knowledge about the basic mechanisms. Previously, the tribocorrosion properties of 4 distinct titanium alloys (Ti13Nb13Zr, Ti12Mo6Zr2Fe, Ti29Nb13Ta4.6Zr aged at 300 °C and at 400 °C) was analysed in the published Part I of this study in regard to wear rates, electrochemical behaviour, and the tribocorrosion synergism estimations. This work, Part II, contributes to the previous study and investigates the tested surfaces of these 4 Titanium alloys from the same tribosystem aiming to characterize the wear track surfaces and identify the main wear mechanism, to characterize the tribofilm and to investigate the subsurface alterations occurring under varying contact pressures and electrochemical potentials. The results indicated a dominant abrasion wear mechanism regardless of microstructure, electrochemical potential and normal load (contact pressure). Additionally, grain refinement observed on the subsurface varied with alloy and electrochemical potential, with the variation being mostly independent of alloy microstructure. Finally, a graphitic tribofilm was detected in most conditions, which while inconsequential in regard to wear, may explain the previously observed reduction of friction.
Graphic Abstract
Multiplex network embedding for implicit sentiment analysis
Authors: Zhao Xiaofang , Liu Yuhong , Jin Zhigang 
Published: September 2021

AbstractAs one of the hot research directions in natural language processing, sentiment analysis has received continuous and extensive attention. Different from explicit sentiment words indicating sentiment polarity, implicit sentiment analysis is a more challenging problem due to the lack of sentiment words, which makes it inadequate to use traditional sentiment analysis method to judge the polarity of implicit sentiment. This paper takes sentiment analysis as a special sign link prediction problem, which is different from traditional text-based method. In particular, by performing the word graph-based text level information embedding and heterogeneous social network information embedding (i.e. user social relationship network embedding, and user-entity sentiment network embedding), the proposed scheme learns the highly nonlinear representations of network nodes, explores early fusion method to combine the strength of these two types of embedding modeling, optimizes all parameters simultaneously and creates enhanced context representations, leading to better capture of implicit sentiment polarity. The proposed method has been examined on real-world dataset, for implicit sentiment link prediction task. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art schemes, including LINE, node2vec, and SDNE, by 20.2%, 19.8%, and 14.0%, respectively, on accuracy, and achieves at least 14% gains on AUROC. For sentiment analysis accuracy, the proposed method achieves AUROC of 80.6% and accuracy of 78.3%, which is at least 31% better than other models. This work can provide useful guidance on the implicit sentiment analysis.
Religious Perspectives on Precision Medicine in Singapore
Authors: Toh Hui Jin , Ballantyne Angela , Ong Serene Ai Kiang , Sankaran Chitra , Tay Hung Yong , Singh Malminderjit , Zaidi Raza , Chia Roland , Singh Sarabjeet , Samachittananda Swami , Shi You Guang , Tan Zhixia , Lysaght Tamra 
Published: September 2021

AbstractPrecision medicine (PM) aims to revolutionise healthcare, but little is known about the role religion and spirituality might play in the ethical discourse about PM. This Perspective reports the outcomes of a knowledge exchange fora with religious authorities in Singapore about data sharing for PM. While the exchange did not identify any foundational religious objections to PM, ethical concerns were raised about the possibility for private industry to profiteer from social resources and the potential for genetic discrimination by private health insurers. According to religious authorities in Singapore, sharing PM data with private industry will require a clear public benefit and robust data governance that incorporates principles of transparency, accountability and oversight.