bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving quality of service for cell-edge user in D2D-relay networks
Authors: Xing Xuefeng , Cao jing , Zhou hongtao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate a scenario of D2D-relay communications where one D2D user may help cell-edge user to exchange information for improving its quality of service (QoS). We formulate a resource allocation problem, which aims at maximizing the data rate of the cell-edge user. In particular, we propose an iterative power allocation algorithm and derive the optimal closed-form power allocation expressions by Lagrangian dual method. Simulation results verify the theoretical solution and show that our D2D-relay scheme achieves higher spectrum efficiency than the traditional cellular-relay communication scheme.
The Impact of Output Volatility on CO2 Emissions in Turkey: Testing EKC Hypothesis with Fourier Stationarity Test
Authors: Genç Murat Can , Ekinci Aykut , Sakarya Burchan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This study uses the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) approach to determine the dynamic short- and long-term impacts of the volatility of economic growth (VOL) on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Turkey from 1980 to 2016. The results of the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach indicate that there is a long-run relationship between CO2, per capita real GDP, and VOL. The coefficients obtained from the ARDL estimation indicate that economic growth increases CO2 emissions, but VOL decreases CO2 emissions in the long run. However, the coefficients obtained from the ARDL error correction model show that VOL increases CO2 emissions in the short run. We also find that the EKC is valid in Turkey.
CIRP&nbsp;Promotes the Progression of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Through Activation of Wnt/β-catenin Signaling via CTNNB1
Authors: Liao Yi , Feng Jianguo , Sun Weichao , Wu Chao , Li Jingyao , Jing Tao , Liang Yuteng , Qian Yonghui , Liu Wenlan , Wang Haidong 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Cold-inducible RNA binding protein (CIRP) is a newly discovered proto-oncogene. In this study, we investigated the role of CIRP in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using clinic samples, cultured cell lines and animal lung cancer models. Methods: Tissue arrays, IHC and HE staining, immunoblotting, and qRT-PCR were used to detect the indicated gene expression; Plasmid and siRNA transfections as well as viral infection were used to manipulate gene expression; Cell proliferation assay, cell cycle analysis, cell migration and invasion analysis, soft agar colony formation assay, tail intravenous injecting and subcutaneously inoculating of animal models were performed to study the role of CIRP in NSCLC cells; Gene expression microarray was used to select the underlying pathways; RNA immunoprecipitation assay, biotin pull-down assay, immuno-purification assay, mRNA decay analyses and luciferase reporter assay were performed to elucidate the mechanisms. The log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test, independent sample T test, the nonparametric Mann-Whitney test, spearman rank test and two-tailed independent sample T-test were used accordingly in our study. Results: Our data showed that CIRP was highly expressed in NSCLC tissue, and its level was negatively correlated with the prognosis of NSCLC patients. By manipulating CIRP expression in A549, H460, H1299, and H1650 cell lines, we demonstrated that CIRP overexpression promoted the transition of G1/G0 phase to S phase and the formation of enhanced malignant phenotype of NSCLC, reflected by increased proliferation, enhanced invasion/metastasis and greater tumorigenic capabilities both in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptome sequencing further demonstrated that CIRP acted on cell cycle, DNA replication and Wnt signaling pathway to exert its pro-oncogenic action. Mechanistically, CIRP directly bound to the 3’- and 5'-UTR of CTNNB1 mRNA, leading to enhanced stability and translation of CTNNB1 mRNA and promote IRES-mediated protein synthesis, respectively. Eventually, the increased CTNNB1 protein levels mediated excessive activation of the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway and its downstream C-myc, COX-2, CCND1, MMP7, VEGFA and CD44. Conclusion: Our results support CIRP as a candidate oncogene in NSCLC and a potential target for NSCLC therapy.
A Cognitive knowledged Energy-Efficient path selection using Centroid and Ant-Colony Optimized Hybrid protocol for WSN-Assisted IoT
Authors: Nalluri Prophess Raj Kumar , Gnanadhas Josemin Bala 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
In WSN-assisted IoT environment, the sensors are resource constrained. The energy, computing and storage resources of deployed sensors in the sensing area are limited. Clustering is the key method for saving energy in wireless sensor networks. A hybrid protocol named as an Energy Efficient Centroid-based Ant colony Optimization (EECAO) protocol is proposed in this paper to improve the performance of the sensor network in WSN-assisted IoT environments. The protocol uses the concept of centroid based clustering to gather the information of local clusters and ant colony optimization to relay that information to the base station. proposed hybrid protocol includes multiple clustering factors such as energy cost, channel consistency and cognitive sensor throughput to select cluster heads and a new distributed cluster formation for self-organizing deployed sensors. Selection of the super cluster head among the cluster heads is based on the energy centroid position for a defined coverage area. In EECAO protocol, the energy level of cognitive sensors is the key parameter for defining the position of centroid. To reduce the long-distance communication, path optimization between the super cluster heads and the base station is carried out using an ant routing model. Our simulation results indicate that EECAO protocol performs better when benchmarked against existing ETSP and EECRP protocols. The proposed hybrid protocol EECAO is well-suited for networks that requires long lifetime when the base station is placed at either center, border or outside the network.
Chemical Imaging Analysis of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient in Dissolving Microneedle Arrays By Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Ando Daisuke , Miyazaki Tamaki , Yamamoto Eiichi , Koide Tatsuo , Izutsu Ken-ichi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a quality evaluation method for dissolving microneedle arrays (DMNAs) and determine the spatial distribution pattern of drugs in DMNAs. Raman spectroscopy mapping was used to visualize the drug distribution in DMNAs and drug-loaded polymer films as a model. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and high-pressure liquid chromatography were also performed to characterize DMNAs. Drug-loaded polymer films and DMNAs were prepared by drying the aqueous solutions spread on the plates or casting. PXRD analysis suggested the crystallization of diclofenac sodium (DCF) in several forms depending on its amount in the sodium hyaluronate (HA)-based films. The Raman spectra of HA and DCF showed characteristic and non-overlapping peaks at 1376 and 1579 cm -1 Raman shifts, respectively. The intensity of the characteristic peak of DCF in the DCF-loaded films increased linearly with the increasing drug content in the range of 4.8 to 16.7 % (DCF, w/w). Raman imaging analysis revealed a homogenous dispersion of small DCF crystals in these films. Raman imaging indicates the distribution of DCF on the surface of the DMNA needle. This work highlights the benefit of using Raman spectroscopy mapping to reveal the spatial distribution of drugs in DMNAs.
DVCC based (2+α) order low pass Bessel filter using optimization techniques
Authors: Soni Ashu , Gupta Maneesha 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
This paper proposes the design and analysis of (2+α) order low pass Bessel filter using different optimization techniques. The coefficients of the proposed filter are found out by minimizing the error between transfer functions of (2+α) order low pass filter and third-order Bessel approximation using simulated annealing (SA), interior search algorithm (ISA), and nonlinear least square (NLS) optimization techniques. The best optimization technique based on the error in gain, cut off frequency, roll-off, passband, stopband, and phase is chosen for designing the proposed filter. The stability analysis of the proposed filter has also been done in W-plane. The simulated responses of the best optimized proposed filter are obtained using the FOMCON toolbox of MATLAB and SPICE. The circuit realization of 2.5 order low pass Bessel filter is done using two DVCCs (differential voltage current conveyors), one generalized impedance converter (GIC) based inductor, and one fractional capacitor. The proposed filter is implemented for the cut off frequency of 10 kHz using a wideband fractional capacitor. Monte Carlo noise analyses are also performed for the proposed filter. The MATLAB and SPICE results are shown in good agreement.
Design of Low Power Hybrid Communication Model
Authors: D Menaka , Gauni Sabitha , C.T Manimegalai , K Kalimuthu 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Communication in underwater is a growing research topic that plays a big role in forecasting accurate weather conditions. In which Acoustic communication is the upcoming technology well qualified for its long-distance underwater communication with certain restrictions like low data rate and high latency. To overcome this constrain wireless optical communication are preferred for high data transmission and less delay. The attempts are made to analyze the performance of the turbid and coastal water conditions.To improve the underwater communication model,a hybrid model is proposed for the applications like weather forecasts, military equipment, and missing debris.
Safe Reopening Following Generalized Lockdowns: A Strategy Based on Evidence from 24 Worldwide Countries
Authors: Shonchoy Abu S. , Ishtiaq Khandker S. , Talukder Sajedul , Ahmed Nasar U. , Chowdhury Rajiv 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
While the effectiveness of lockdowns to reduce Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) transmission is well established, uncertainties remain on the lifting principles of these restrictive interventions. World Health Organization recommends case positive rate of 5% or lower as a threshold for safe reopening. However, inadequate testing capacity limits the applicability of this recommendation, especially in the low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). To develop a practical reopening strategy for LMICs, in this study, we first identify the optimal timing of safe reopening by exploring accessible epidemiological data of 24 countries during the initial COVID-19 surge. We find that safely reopening requires a two-week waiting period, after the crossover of daily infection and recovery rates – coupled with a post-crossover continuous negative trend in daily new cases. Epidemiologic SIRM model-based simulation analysis validates our findings. Finally, we develop an easily interpretable large-scale reopening (LSR) index, which is an evidence-based toolkit – to guide/inform the reopening decisions for LMICs.
Circulating microbial content in myeloid malignancy patients carries diagnostic and prognostic potential
Authors: LaFramboise Thomas , Woerner Jakob , Huang Yidi , Hutter Stephan , Sánchez Jesús , Wang Janet , Wang Yimin , Aaby Michael , Schnabel Daniel , Xu Wanying , Maciejewski Jaroslaw , Koyuturk Mehmet , Haferlach Torsten 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Although recent work has characterized the microbiome in solid tumors, microbial content in hematological malignancies is not well-characterized. Here we analyzed existing deep DNA sequence data from the blood and bone marrow of 1,870 patients with myeloid malignancies, along with healthy controls, for bacterial, fungal, and viral content. After strict quality filtering, we find evidence for dysbiosis in disease cases, and distinct microbial signatures among diagnoses. In patients with low-risk myelodysplastic syndrome, we provide evidence that Epstein-Barr infection status refines risk stratification into more precise categories than the current standard. Motivated by these observations, we construct machine-learning classifiers that can discriminate among disease subtypes based solely on bacterial content. Our study highlights the potential of the circulating microbiome as a diagnostic and prognostic tool.
Development and Patient Experience Evaluation of a Gentle Atomizer for Nasal Drug Delivery
Authors: Khawaja Uzzam Ahmed , Rizvi Syed A. A. , Gong Boliang , Yeung Waiman , Sanchez-Gonzalez Marcos A. , Ferrer Gustavo 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: Recently, nasal drug delivery has emerged as a convenient modality for the treatment of multiple, allergic, infectious, and inflammatory sinonasal conditions. Some patients report discomfort and irritation associated with the pressure and flow generated by using typical atomizers which may lead to decrease patient compliance and lower satisfaction. We sought to develop a rather gentle atomizer for nasal irrigation that would ameliorate the discomfort associated with nasal drug delivery. Herein, we report the development of an atomizer via fluid dynamics modeling and evaluating the patient experience.Methods: Using computational flow dynamics modeling, we assessed the distribution of atomized droplets to compare the conventional narrow-angle (NA) Vs a new open-angle swirling effect (OSE) atomizer. The goal for the new atomizer was to generate a swirling effect by opening a spray cone from a tapered nozzle bottle at different head tilted positions to determine the most efficient one that would enhance drug delivery and aid in patient comfort. Once the best computational model was generated and the atomizer developed, a group of 13 healthy volunteers consented to participate in the performance evaluation of the two atomizers (NA and OSE). Participants gauged both atomizers for ergonomics, pressure, and comfort for drug delivery (saline). The participants' feedback was collected using the nozzle tip sensory attributes questionnaire.Results: Atomizer Fluid Dynamics: The comparison was made between NA and OSE using the latest recommendation on the intranasal delivery angle of 45º with the nozzle 1.5 cm into the nose bypassing the nasal valve. The NA went 7cm into the nose, and hence generated high frictional pressure in the nasal mucosa. On the other hand, the OSE deliverd doses between 3 - 7 cm, thus generating less pressure. Patient Experience: 60% of the participants encountered irritation with the NA atomizer such as pain and a burning sensation. About 20% felt the OSE to be soft and pleasant, while 90% reported a misting sensation.Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that OSE is a viable and more comfortable system to deliver intranasal therapies. These findings shed light on our understanding of the fluid flow dynamics to design extra efficient and comfortable atomizers to maximize drug delivery in the nasal cavity and potentially increase patient satisfaction as well as compliance.
Identification and Validation of Immune-Related Gene Prognostic Signature for breast cancer
Authors: Zhou Bing , Zhang Linyi , Wang Qinyu , Pu Changqin , Guo Sixuan , Lai Shuhui , Zhang Heming , Li Wenwei , Zhou Zhibing , Chen Yuexia , Zeng Liping , Zhou Yao 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background
Although the outcome of breast cancer patients has been improved by advances in early detection, diagnosis and treatment. Due to the heterogeneity of the disease, prognostic assessment still faces challenges. The accumulated data indicate that there is a clear correlation between the tumor immune microenvironment and clinical outcomes.
Objective
Construct immune-related gene pairs to evaluate the prognosis of breast cancer and patient survival rate.
Methods
From the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, the Gene expression profiles and clinical data of breast cancer samples were downloaded. TCGA cohort were further divided into a training set (n = 764) and internal validation sets (n = 325). The GEO cohort was analyzed as an external validation cohort (n = 327). In the training set, differently expressed immune-relevant genes (IRGs) were screened firstly, and they were used to construct immune-relevant gene pairs (IRGPs). Then, the prognostic IRGPs were identified via univariate Cox regression analysis. Finally, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis was used to constituted the IRGP prognostic signature. Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival curves, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to estimate the predictive value of the IRGP prognostic signature. And the IRGP prognostic signature was validated in the internal validation cohort and external validation cohort. We used gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to elucidate the biological functions of the IRGP prognostic signature.
Results
A total of 474 differently expressed IRGs and 2942 prognostic IRGPs were identified. Finally, we generated a IRGP prognostic signature consisting of 33 IRGPs. Subsequently, the 33 IRGPs grouped BRCA patients into high- and low-risk groups. Kaplan-Meier curves shown a significantly different overall survival in risk groups. Time-dependent ROC curves indicated that the IRGP prognostic signature possessed a high specificity and sensitivity in all the sets. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed a statistical significance for the prognostic value of IRGP prognostic signature and the IRGP prognostic signature was a strong independent risk factor. The functional enrichment analysis indicated that low IRGP value was correlated with biological processes related to immune. Immune cell infiltration analysis indicated a significant difference in percentage of M2 macrophages between high- and low-risk groups.
Conclusion
The 33-IRGPs prognostic signature was developed to provide new insights for the identification of high-risk breast cancer and the evaluation of the possibility of immunotherapy in personalized breast cancer treatment.
Sensorimotor strategy selection under time constraints in the presence of two motor targets with different values
Authors: Onagawa Ryoji , Kudo Kazutoshi 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Goal-directed movements often require choosing an option from multiple potential goals under time constraints. However, there are limited studies on how humans change their time spent on decision-making and their movement patterns in accordance with time constraints. Here, we examined how sensorimotor strategies are selected under time constraints when the value of targets is uncertain. In the double-target condition, the values were uncertain before the start of the task and presented at the start. The behavior in this condition was compared to the single-target condition. The movement kinematics showed beneficial difference of motor patterns between the conditions when the time constraint is long. Moreover, the participants frequently used the choice-reaction even under tight time constraints, and their performance was consistently lower than that in the single-target condition. Our results suggest that there is a consistent cognitive bias to choose a higher value when there are multiple alternatives with different values.
A follow-up study of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Wang Jie , Liu Bing-li , Li Zheng , Li Hui-qin , Yin Gu-ping , Ye Lei , Su Xiaofei , Ma Jian-hua 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
ObjectivesTo explore the possible mechanisms of glycol-metabolism and islet function in patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes (FT1DM).MethodsA follow-up study was conducted on 13 patients with FT1DM from September 2000 to March 2018. Patient general clinical data were collected and analyzed. The gene sequences of Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1, HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).ResultsCompared with baseline, the waist-hip ratio was significantly increased at follow-up (P<0.05). Compared with baseline, HbA1c significantly increased; C-P0 and C-P120 significantly decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with baseline, White blood cell count (WBC), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum potassium (K), creatinine (Cr), glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), creatine kinase (CK), alkalinity phospholipase (AKP) decreased significantly (P<0.05), while cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) increased significantly (P<0.05). Viral antibody was detected in 13 cases of FT1DM: Coxsackie viral antibody was positive in 2 cases and herpes simplex viral antibody was positive in 3 cases. Gene detection: The higher frequency of HLA-DRB1 allele was DRB1*0301 (88.9%), DRB1*07 (44.4%), and the higher frequency of HLA-DQA1 allele was DQA1*0104 (55.6%), DQA1*0103 (44.4%), and the higher frequencies of HLA-DQB1 allele were DQB1*0201 (50.0%), DQB1*0502 (33.3%), and DQB1*0301 (25.0%).ConclusionsAlthough the β-cell function of FT1DM was progressively irreversibly destroyed with the progression of the disease, metabolic disorders and stress responses were relieved at the later stage. Viral infections (herpes simplex virus, Coxsackie virus), HLA-DQ, DR genes, GAD-Ab and other related antibodies may be involved in the occurrence of FT1DM.
An index to assess the health of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forest
Authors: Feng Huanying , Su Wenhui , Liu Guanglu , Du Manyi , Fan Shaohui 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Background: The Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forest is an important forest resource. The health status of the Moso bamboo forest are increasingly affected by a range of unscientific and irrational management, which may permanently alter the Moso bamboo forest economic value and ecological function and disrupt the long-term sustainable management. However, how to assess the health status of the Moso bamboo forest and guide the scientific management of the Moso bamboo forest are little known. Methods: The index system of Moso bamboo forest health assessment was identified and quantified by literature collection, indicators simplification, expert questionnaires, and mathematical analysis. The health index of Moso bamboo forest health assessment was calculated by the comprehensive health index method. The practicability and feasibility of the health index were verified in the Moso bamboo forest in Anhui and Fujian provinces of China.Results: An index system that included four layers and 19 indicators could comprehensively assess the health of the Moso bamboo forest. This index system assessed the ‘Health basis of the Moso bamboo forest’ and the ‘Value and function of the Moso bamboo forest’. The health index of the Moso bamboo forest in Anhui and Fujian provinces ranged from 0.50 to 0.83. Only2.35 % of the Moso bamboo forest showed a health index higher than 0.80, whereas the health index of 22.35 % of the forest was lower than 0.60. The health index of the Moso bamboo forest was higher under irrigation management and fertilization management than others. The treetop cutting was not recommended unless those areas had frequent occurrences of snow and ice disasters. Conclusions: These results suggest that the health status need to be improved in most of the Moso bamboo forest. Scientific management would be the important tool to keep and improve the health status of Moso bamboo forest. Our results can be adapted in the resource management and policy decisions for better management of the Moso bamboo forest.