bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colorings of complements of line graphs
Authors: Daneshpajouh Hamid Reza , Meunier Frédéric , Mizrahi Guilhem 
Published: May 2021

AbstractOur purpose is to show that complements of line graphs (of graphs) enjoy nice coloring properties. We show that for all graphs in this class the local and usual chromatic numbers are equal. We also prove a sufficient condition for the chromatic number to be equal to a natural upper bound. A consequence of this latter condition is a complete characterization of all induced subgraphs of the Kneser graph that have a chromatic number equal to its chromatic number, namely . In addition to the upper bound, a lower bound is provided by Dol'nikov's theorem, a classical result of the topological method in graph theory. We prove the NP‐hardness of deciding the equality between the chromatic number and any of these bounds. The topological method is especially suitable for the study of coloring properties of complements of line graphs of hypergraphs. Nevertheless, all proofs in this article are elementary and we also provide a short discussion on the ability for the topological methods to cover some of our results.
Right Ventricular Function and T1‐Mapping in Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Dual Seraina A. , Maforo Nyasha G. , McElhinney Doff B. , Prosper Ashley , Wu Holden H. , Maskatia Shiraz , Renella Pierangelo , Halnon Nancy , Ennis Daniel B. 
Published: May 2021

BackgroundClinical management of boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) relies on in‐depth understanding of cardiac involvement, but right ventricular (RV) structural and functional remodeling remains understudied.PurposeTo evaluate several analysis methods and identify the most reliable one to measure RV pre‐ and postcontrast T1 (RV‐T1) and to characterize myocardial remodeling in the RV of boys with DMD.Study TypeProspective.PopulationBoys with DMD (N = 27) and age‐/sex‐matched healthy controls (N = 17) from two sites.Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T using balanced steady state free precession, motion‐corrected phase sensitive inversion recovery and modified Look‐Locker inversion recovery sequences.AssessmentBiventricular mass (Mi), end‐diastolic volume (EDVi) and ejection fraction (EF) assessment, tricuspid annular excursion (TAE), late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), pre‐ and postcontrast myocardial T1 maps. The RV‐T1 reliability was assessed by three observers in four different RV regions of interest (ROI) using intraclass correlation (ICC).Statistical TestsThe Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare RV‐T1 differences between DMD boys with negative LGE(−) or positive LGE(+) and healthy controls. Additionally, correlation of precontrast RV‐T1 with functional measures was performed. A P‐value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsA 1‐pixel thick RV circumferential ROI proved most reliable (ICC > 0.91) for assessing RV‐T1. Precontrast RV‐T1 was significantly higher in boys with DMD compared to controls. Both LGE(−) and LGE(+) boys had significantly elevated precontrast RV‐T1 compared to controls (1543 [1489–1597] msec and 1550 [1402–1699] msec vs. 1436 [1399–1473] msec, respectively). Compared to healthy controls, boys with DMD had preserved RVEF (51.8 [9.9]% vs. 54.2 [7.2]%, P = 0.31) and significantly reduced RVMi (29.8 [9.7] g vs. 48.0 [15.7] g), RVEDVi (69.8 [29.7] mL/m2 vs. 89.1 [21.9] mL/m2), and TAE (22.0 [3.2] cm vs. 26.0 [4.7] cm). Significant correlations were found between precontrast RV‐T1 and RVEF (β = −0.48%/msec) and between LV‐T1 and LVEF (β = −0.51%/msec).Data ConclusionPrecontrast RV‐T1 is elevated in boys with DMD compared to healthy controls and is negatively correlated with RVEF.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 2
Percutaneous and Open Tracheostomy in Patients With COVID‐19: The Weill Cornell Experience in New York City
Authors: Long Sallie M. , Feit Noah Z. , Chern Alexander , Cooley Victoria , Hill Shanna S. , Rajwani Kapil , Schenck Edward J. , Stiles Brendon , Tassler Andrew B. 
Published: May 2021

ObjectiveReport long‐term tracheostomy outcomes in patients with COVID‐19.Study DesignReview of prospectively collected data.MethodsProspectively collected data were extracted for adults with COVID‐19 undergoing percutaneous or open tracheostomy between April 4, 2020 and June 2, 2020 at a major medical center in New York City. The primary endpoint was weaning from mechanical ventilation. Secondary outcomes included sedation weaning, decannulation, and discharge.ResultsOne hundred one patients underwent tracheostomy, including 48 percutaneous (48%) and 53 open (52%), after a median intubation time of 24 days (IQR 20, 31). The most common complication was minor bleeding (n = 18, 18%). The all‐cause mortality rate was 15% and no deaths were attributable to the tracheostomy. Eighty‐three patients (82%) were weaned off mechanical ventilation, 88 patients (87%) were weaned off sedation, and 72 patients (71%) were decannulated. Censored median times from tracheostomy to sedation and ventilator weaning were 8 (95% CI 6–11) and 18 (95% CI 14–22) days, respectively (uncensored: 7 and 15 days). Median time from tracheostomy to decannulation was 36 (95% CI 32–47) days (uncensored: 32 days). Of those decannulated, 82% were decannulated during their index admission. There were no differences in outcomes or complication rates between percutaneous and open tracheostomy. Likelihood of discharge from the ICU was inversely related to intubation time, though the clinical relevance of this was small (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.943–0.998; P = .037).ConclusionTracheostomy by either percutaneous or open technique facilitated sedation and ventilator weaning in patients with COVID‐19 after prolonged intubation. Additional study on the optimal timing of tracheostomy in patients with COVID‐19 is warranted.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 131:E2849–E2856, 2021
Inhibiting Wnt/beta‐catenin in CTNNB1‐mutated endometrial cancer
Authors: Moroney Marisa R. , Woodruff Elizabeth , Qamar Lubna , Bradford Andrew P. , Wolsky Rebecca , Bitler Benjamin G. , Corr Bradley R. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe role of β‐catenin/TCF transcriptional activity in endometrial cancer (EC) recurrence is not well understood. We assessed the impact of Wnt/β‐catenin inhibition in EC models. In an analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas, we confirmed that CTNNB1 mutations are enriched in recurrent low‐risk EC and showed that aberrant Wnt/β‐catenin pathway activation is associated with recurrence. We studied CTNNB1‐wildtype (HEC1B, Ishikawa) and CTNNB1‐mutant (HEC108, HEC265, HEC1B‐S33Y, Ishikawa‐S33Y) EC cell lines. Dose response curves were determined for 5 Wnt/β‐catenin pathway inhibitors (Wnt‐C59, XAV‐939, PyrPam, PRI‐724, SM04690). XAV939, Wnt‐C59 and PyrPam inhibited function upstream of β‐catenin transcriptional activity and were ineffective at inhibiting cell viability. In contrast, PRI724 and SM04690 indirectly inhibited β‐catenin transcriptional activity and significantly reduced cell viability in CTNNB1‐mutant cell lines. Treatment with SM04690 reduced cell viability (Licor Cell stain) in all EC cell lines, but viability was significantly lower in CTNNB1‐mutant cell lines (p < 0.01). Mechanistically, SM04690 significantly inhibited proliferation measured via 5′‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine incorporation and reduced T cell factor (TCF) transcriptional activity. HEC1B, HEC1B‐S33Y and HEC265 tumor‐bearing mice were treated with vehicle or SM04690. Tumors treated with SM04690 had smaller mean volumes than those treated with vehicle (p < 0.001, p = 0.014, p = 0.06). In HEC1B‐S33Y and HEC265 tumors, SM04690 treatment significantly reduced Ki67 H‐scores compared to vehicle (p = 0.035, p = 0.024). Targeting the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway in CTNNB1‐mutant EC effectively inhibited proliferation and β‐catenin/TCF transcriptional activity and blunted tumor progression in in vivo models. These studies suggest β‐catenin transcriptional inhibitors are effective in EC and particularly in CTNNB1‐mutant EC, highlighting a potential therapeutic vulnerability for treatment of CTNNB1‐mutant EC.
The actuality of resilience, social support and quality of life among patients with inflammatory bowel disease in China
Authors: Dai Weiwei , Zeng Yufeng , Liang E. , Zhou Qiuhong , Zhang Lei , Peng Jie 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAimThis study was conducted to increase knowledge on the actuality of resilience, social support and quality of life among inflammatory bowel disease patients in China to provide evidence for psychological support.DesignUsing convenience sampling, 249 outpatients and inpatients with inflammatory bowel disease from a hospital who completed the questionnaires were enrolled in the analytic questionnaire‐based study.MethodsDemographic information forms, Resilience Scale for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Social Support Rating Scale and Short Health Scale were administered.ResultsIt was found that the resilience of patients with inflammatory bowel disease should be enhanced. When considering factors that influence resilience, the place of residence (living in rural areas) and utilization of social support should be considered. Resilience demonstrated a positive correlation with utilization of social support, and different place of residence was related to resilience. Targeted interventions should be implemented to increase patients’ resilience and quality of life.
Association between musculoskeletal function and postural balance in patients with long‐lasting dizziness. A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Haukanes Linda , Knapstad Mari Kalland , Kristiansen Lene , Magnussen Liv Heide 
Published: May 2021

AbstractBackground and purposeReduced balance and musculoskeletal pain are frequently reported among patients with long‐lasting dizziness. However, the association between musculoskeletal function and postural sway among these patients has not been examined. The objective of this study was to examine if there is an association between aspects of musculoskeletal function and postural balance in patients with long‐lasting dizziness.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study, using data of 105 outpatients with long‐lasting dizziness. Aspects of musculoskeletal function was assessed by examining body flexibility, grip strength, preferred and fast walking speed, in addition to musculoskeletal pain. Musculoskeletal pain was evaluated using the Subjective Health Complaints questionnaire. Postural balance was assessed by path length of postural sway by using a balance platform on both firm and soft surfaces, with eyes open and closed. The association between musculoskeletal function and postural sway was assessed using linear regression analyses.ResultsWhen adjusting for age and gender we found that on a firm surface, there was an association between increased musculoskeletal pain and increased postural sway measured with eyes open (p = 0.038). In addition, there was an association between decreased body flexibility and decreased postural sway with eyes open (p = 0.025). On a soft surface, decreased fast walking speed was associated with increased postural sway with eyes open (p = 0.027). In addition, decreased grip strength was associated with increased postural sway on a soft surface with eyes closed (p = 0.015).DiscussionThe findings from this study imply that musculoskeletal function may associate with postural sway in patients with long‐lasting dizziness, although the associations were weak.
Dexamethasone promotes the endoplasmic reticulum stress response of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by activating the PERK‐Nrf2 signaling pathway
Authors: Cheng Suoli , Liu Xueqin , Gong Fan , Ding Xiaoling , Zhou Xuebing , Liu Cuiyun , Zhao Fei , Li Xiaoliang , Shi Jiandang 
Published: May 2021

AbstractThe pathogenesis of steroid‐induced avascular necrosis of femoral head (SANFH) is complex, and there is a lack of effective early prevention method. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone (DEX) on the biological behavior of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and to explore the possibility of DEX in the clinical treatment of SANFH. The effect of DEX on the proliferation of BMSCs was evaluated by Counting Kit‐8 assay, western blot assay, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Flow cytometry and western blot assay were performed to detect the effect of DEX on the apoptosis of BMSCs. Quantitative real‐time PCR and western blot assay were performed to detect the effect of DEX on the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)‐related genes. Immunoblotting analysis was conducted for detecting the nuclear‐cytoplasmic distribution of Nrf2. DEX could significantly inhibit the proliferation of BMSCs and promote apoptosis of BMSCs. DEX could increase the expression of PERK, ATF6, and IRE1a, and induce nuclear translocation of Nrf2. The addition of ML385 could reverse the effect of DEX on BMSCs. DEX could activate the PERK‐Nrf2 pathway to promote ERS and finally affect the cell proliferation and apoptosis of BMSCs.
Molecular design of long intra‐annular nitrogen chains: 3H‐tetrazolo[1,5‐d]tetrazole‐based high‐energy‐density materials
Authors: Zhao Xiuxiu , Zhang Yingchao , Xie Congxia , Tan Long 
Published: May 2021

AbstractEnergetic compounds containing long nitrogen chain, have been a research hotspot. Fused heterocycles are stable due to their aromatic systems. Compounds obtained by combining long nitrogen chain and fused ring can not only retain good energetic property, but also ensure better stability. In this work, eight fused heterocycle‐based energetic compounds, 3H‐tetrazolo[1,5‐d]tetrazole (1) and its derivatives (2–8), were designed, containing a nitrogen chain with seven nitrogen atoms. The HOF, thermal stability, and energetic properties of these compounds were studied using the DFT method. The results show that the introduction of –NO2, –N3, –NF2, –ONO2, and –NHNO2 groups greatly increased the density, HOF, detonation velocity, and detonation pressure. The densities of 3, 5, 7, and 8 fall within the range designated for high‐energy‐density materials. The calculated detonation velocities of the compounds 3 and 8 are as high as 9.86 and 9.78 km s−1, which are superior to that of CL‐20. Kinetic study of the thermal decomposition mechanism indicates that the N–R bonds may not be the weakest bonds in these compounds. The tetrazole ring opening of the heterocycle‐based energetic compounds, followed by N2 elimination, is predicted to be the primary decomposition channel, regardless of whether substituent groups are present.
Gellan‐Gum and LiTFSI‐Based Solid Polymer Electrolytes for Electrochromic Devices
Authors: Isfahani Vahideh Bayzi , Pereira Rui F. P. , Fernandes Mariana , Sabadini Rodrigo C. , Pereira Sónia , Dizaji Hamid Rezagholipour , Arab Ali , Fortunato Elvira , Pawlicka Agnieszka , Rego Rosa , de Zea Bermudez Verónica , Silva Maria M. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIt has been long recognized that solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are potentially interesting for solid‐state electrochemical devices. Gellan gum (Ge)‐based SPEs, plasticized with glycerol (Gly) and doped with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfone)imide (LiTFSI) were prepared by the solvent casting technique, and their properties were evaluated. LiTFSI‐based SPE systems exhibit, on the average, higher conductivities than similar systems with other lithium salts. The structure, morphology, complex impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and thermal stability of the new electrolyte system were characterized. Electrochromic devices (ECDs) were built with optimized electrolyte samples and their performance was analyzed. The samples were applied in small ECDs with glass/ITO/CeO2‐TiO2/SPE/Prussian blue/ITO/glass configuration. The devices presented a two‐modulation operation: a semi‐bright mode (−2.5 V) and a dark mode (+0.5 V). The best results were obtained with the ECD containing the GeGly1Li2.4 electrolyte, for which the transmittance (T) values in the bleached and colored states were ca. 33.4/43.0 % and 5.4/8.8 % at 555/1000 nm, respectively. These results correspond to ΔT and ΔOD values of 28.0/34.2 % and 0.79/0.69, respectively, which give quite high CEin and CEout values of −4925 cm2 C−1 for bleaching (Qin=−272.1 μC cm−2), and 2062 cm2 C−1 for coloring (Qout=650.0 μC cm−2), at 630 nm. This electro‐optical performance suggests that the proposed SPE systems are promising materials to be further investigated and applied in ECDs.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Novel C(formyl)‐C(aryl)/C(aryl)‐N(amine) Coupling Sequence Between 2‐(Methylamino)nicotinaldehyde and 3‐Bromo‐2‐chlorothiophene: An Efficient Construction of 4‐Pyridone Fused Hybrid Scaffolds
Authors: Morja Mayur I. , Chauhan Prakashsingh M. , Chikhalia Kishor H. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAn unique cyclization reaction between very simple starting materials such as 2‐ (methylamino)nicotinaldehyde and 3‐bromo‐2‐chlorothiophene has been reported. This strategy offers a facile access to a plethora of thieno[2,3‐b][1,8]naphthyridin‐4(9H)‐one derivatives, which are highly anticipating in pharmaceutical science as potential biologically active candidates.
Green Synthesis of Carbon Quantum Dots Doped on Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles as Recyclable Visible Light Photocatalysts for Enhanced Degradation of Malachite Green
Authors: Pebdeni Azam Bagheri , Khurshid Chrow Ahmed , Abkenar Shiva Dehghan , Hosseini Morteza 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the present study, carbon quantum dots/nickel oxide composites were successfully synthesized by a simple approach. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were prepared via a hydrothermal method from Nigella sativa seeds. Then, CQDs were attached to nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO) as a new class of photocatalytic materials, which can easily be recycled after photodegradation by applying a magnetic field. Nanocomposites were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier‐ transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV‐Visible and fluorescence spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of the composites was assessed using malachite green (MG) as the target pollutant under visible light irradiation. Our results presented that the powder form of the CQDs/NiO composites exhibited outstanding photocatalytic activity for three cycles and could be well restored through the applied magnetic field after photodegradation. About 98 % degradation of MG dye in the solution was confirmed after 60 min of visible light exposure.
Self‐assembled CoSe2 Microspheres with Intrinsic Peroxidase Mimicking Activity for Efficient Degradation of Variety of Dyes
Authors: Khagar Prerna , Pratap Umesh R. , Zodape Sangesh P. , Wankhade Atul V. 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn this investigation, we report a new and greener self‐assembly of CoSe2 microsphere (CoSe2 MS) without assistance of harmful reducing and structure‐directing agents (SDA). Intrinsic peroxidase mimicking activity of synthesized CoSe2 MS was evaluated for 3,3,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine as a substrate by monitoring the absorbance of oxidized product at 653 nm. The smaller Michalis Menten constant (Km) for CoSe2 MS catalyzed reaction (0.371 mM), than the natural Horse Radish Peroxidase (HRP) enzyme, signifies the high substrate affinity of CoSe2 MS than HRP. Further, intrinsic peroxidase activity was assessed using emission intensity enhancement of terephthalic acid (TA) in presence of CoSe2 MS and H2O2 with time due to the production of .OH radicals and subsequent hydroxylation of TA. CoSe2 MS was further employed for organic dyes degradation in presence of H2O2, where cationic and anionic dyes degraded within 120 min with the highest degradation efficiency of 99.45 % for malachite green.
Person‐centered assessment of people living with dementia: Review of existing measures
Authors: Mast Benjamin T. , Molony Sheila L. , Nicholson Nicholas , Kate Keefe Caroline , DiGasbarro Diana 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIntroductionPerson‐centered care and assessment calls for measurement tools that help researchers and providers understand people with dementia, their social relationships, and their experience of the care environment. This paper reviewed available measures and evaluated their psychometric properties.MethodsLiterature searches of major databases (PsycInfo, PubMed, EBSCO, CINAHL) for papers examining person‐centered constructs in samples of people living with dementia or mild cognitive impairment. Reliability and validity coefficients were reviewed and reported.ResultsWe identified 26 unique measures that had been tested in samples of people living with dementia. Twelve measures of hope, well‐being, engagement, social relationships, meaning, resilience, stigma, spiritual beliefs and practices, values and preferences, and positive psychology constructs had strong psychometric properties in samples with dementia.DiscussionA variety of reliability and valid measures were identified for use in person‐centered care and research with people living with dementia. Additional measure development is needed for key person‐centered concepts including dignity and strengths.
Bacterial infective stifle arthritis secondary to a migrating grass seed foreign body in an adult dog
Authors: Prior Sebastian , Arthurs Gareth 
Published: May 2021

AbstractAn adult neutered male cocker spaniel was presented with a 2‐ to 3‐week history of left pelvic limb lameness, stifle effusion, general malaise and pyrexia. Computed tomography imaging revealed an irregular tubular tract, extending from the stifle distally to the level of the mid tibial diaphysis, associated with the long digital extensor muscle. Ultrasonography revealed the tract had echogenic contents; however, no foreign body could be identified. Following surgical exploration, a grass seed was identified in the medial compartment of the left stifle. Culture of the grass seed and joint capsule tissue yielded growth of Pantoea agglomerans. Following the surgery and subsequent antibacterial and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory medication, the dog made a full recovery to normal activity.
Transformations of the polycyclic Alumosiloxane Al2(OSiPh2OSiPh2O)3 into new Polycycles and Co(II) and In(III) derivatives of (Ph2SiO)8[Al(O)OH]4
Authors: Veith Michael , Sahin Fadime , Nadig Sandra , Huch Volker , Morgenstern Bernd 
Published: May 2021

AbstractIn the presence of water and amines the etherate of bicyclic Al2(OSiPh2OSiPh2O)3 (II a) can be used to generate novel alumosiloxane polycycles like [O(Ph2SiOSiPh2)O−]2Al2O[O(Ph2SiOSiPh2)O] ⋅ 2 H2N+Et2 (1), [O(Ph2SiOSiPh2)O−]2Al2[O(Ph2Si)O]2 ⋅ 2 HN+Et3 (2), [O(Ph2SiOSiPh2)O−]2Al2[O(Ph2SiOSiPh2)O]2 ⋅ 2 HN+Et3 (3 a, 3 b), which crystallizes in two different phases, and [O(Ph2SiOSiPh2)O−]2Al2[O(Ph2SiOSiPh2)O]2 ⋅ 2 HN+(CH2CH2)3N (4). As a common structural feature of these compounds two aluminum atoms which are incorporated in six‐membered Al[O(SiPh2OSiPh2)O−] rings are connected as spiro cyclic centers through oxygen and/or siloxane bridges [(OSiPh2)nO] (n=1, 2) to form an assembly of three fused rings at the aluminum corners. The central ring is either eight‐ (1, 2) or twelve‐membered (3, 4). Alkyl ammonium cations balance the charges and form hydrogen bridges to oxygen atoms of the six membered rings. The pentacyclic (Ph2SiO)8[Al(O)OH]4 (I) can be used indirectly (addition of water) and directly as chelating ligand versus Co(II)Cl and In‐CH3 fragments as shown with the isolated and structurally characterized compounds (HN+Et3)2{[(Ph2Si)2O3][Al4(OH)4O2](CoCl)2}2− (5 a, 5 b) and (Ph2SiO)8[AlO(OH)]2[AlO2]2(InCH3) ⋅ 2 O(CH2)4 (6).