bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low Quality of Warfarin Therapy is Associated With Female Gender but Not With Polypharmacy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Takamoto Kojiro , Sakamoto Jun-ichi , Ito Satoyasu , Kimura Takeshi , Manabe Eri , Shikata Toshiyuki , Asakura Masanori , Ishihara Masaharu , Tsujino Takeshi 
Published: April 2021

Background: We examined the impact of polypharmacy on the quality of the anticoagulation therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation. We also examined the factors that affect the stability of warfarin therapy.Methods and Results: This retrospective study was conducted using data from 157 consecutive outpatients with atrial fibrillation in a single tertiary referral hospital. Patients who were prescribed warfarin continuously and for whom PT-INR was examined at least three times in a year were included in this study. We examined the quality of warfarin therapy using time in the therapeutic INR range (TTR), percentage of PT-INR determinations in range (PINRR), and the coefficient variation (CV) of PT-INR. We found that the number of prescribed medicines was significantly associated with high BMI and low eGFR, but not with TTR, PINRR, and the coefficient variation of PT-INR in patients with atrial fibrillation. We also found that female gender was independently associated with low PINRR in this study population.Conclusion: Polypharmacy did not deteriorate the quality of warfarin therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation treated in the tertiary referral hospital. Female gender was an independent predictor of the low quality of warfarin therapy.
Evolutionary Analysis of Pre-S/S Mutations in HBeAg-Negative Chronic Hepatitis B With HBsAg < 100 IU/ml
Authors: Wu Yingping , Zhu Zhiqiang , Wu Jianyong , Bi Wenzi , Xu Wei , Xia Xiaoping , Han Dongsheng 
Published: April 2021

Background: Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and viral load are important clinical indicators for antiviral therapy. Few studies have evaluated viral sequence biomarkers predicting the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the stage, which show a low serological response (HBsAg &lt; 100 IU/ml) and high viral levels (HBV DNA &gt; 2,000 IU/ml). This study aims to determine the trend of the biological prevalence within the pre-S/S regions of special model of inactive CHB infection.Methods: We used Sanger sequencing, quantitative HBV serology (HBeAg and HBsAg), and liver function index to identify whether HBV genome sequences are associated with long-term risk of further HCC progression in special inactive CHB infection.Results: HBV sequencing analysis of 28 CHB patients with special infectious pattern showed higher genetic diversity among four opening reading frames (ORFs) (p &lt; 0.001). However, dN/dS ratios of HBsAg and pre-C/C regions in the experimental group showed no significantly different from those in the HCC group (p = 0.06), while significantly lower in polymerase and HBxAg regions of the experimental group (p &lt; 0.001). In addition, seven positively selected sites were identified in pre-S1, five in pre-S2, and four in S, in which five sites (128H/135Q/135R/139L/141P) were among “α” determinant.Conclusions: These mutations in the pre-S/S region might be associated with the HCC phenotype of low HBsAg expression, with the P region possibly impacting high viral loads. Increased viral diversity across the HBV genome is also associated with low levels of HBsAg. The cumulative evolutionary changes in the HBV pre-S/S regions shows that facilitate immune evasion should be monitored individually. Due to the similarity of evolutionary characteristics in HCC, low serological responses and high viremia may be associated with the risk of further disease progression.
Blink characterization using curve fitting and clustering algorithms
Authors: Brosch Joseph K. , Wu Ziwei , Begley Carolyn G. , Driscoll Tobin A. , Braun Richard J. 
Published: April 2021

The motion of the upper eyelid during blinking can be important in identifying possible diseases and syndromes that affect the eye. Hypothesized lid motion functions are fit to the dynamic position of the center of the upper lid under four experimentally controlled conditions in a pilot study. The coefficients of these nonlinear fits are used to classify blinks. Agglomerative hierarchical and spectral clustering were used to attempt an automatic distinction between partial and full blinks as well as between normal and abnormal blinks. Results for both approaches are similar when the input data is suitably normalized. Clustering finds outlying blinks that do not fit the model functions for lid motion well and that differ from the majority of blinks in our sample; however, those blinks may not be outliers based on easily observed data such as blink amplitude and duration. This type of analysis has potential for studying blink dynamics under normal and pathological conditions, but more work is needed with larger sets of data from blinks.
FIRE: Fundus Image Registration dataset
Authors: Hernandez-Matas Carlos , Zabulis Xenophon , Triantafyllou Areti , Anyfanti Panagiota , Douma Stella , Argyros Antonis A 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: Retinal image registration is a useful tool for medical professionals. However, performance evaluation of registration methods has not been consistently assessed in the literature. To address that, a dataset comprised of retinal image pairs annotated with ground truth and an evaluation protocol for registration methods is proposed.Methods: The dataset is comprised by 134 retinal fundus image pairs. These pairs are classified into three categories, according to characteristics that are relevant to indicative registration applications. Such characteristics are the degree of overlap between images and the presence/absence of anatomical differences. Ground truth in the form of corresponding image points and a protocol to evaluate registration performance are provided.Results: The proposed protocol is shown to enable quantitative and comparative evaluation of retinal registration methods under a variety of conditions.Conclusion: This work enables the fair comparison of retinal registration methods. It also helps researchers to select the registration method that is most appropriate given a specific target use.
A simulation study on the effect of ionic currents on transmission from cones to retinal OFF type cone bipolar cells
Authors: Ishihara Akito 
Published: April 2021

The retinal cone bipolar cells are interneurons which receive inputs from cone photoreceptors and send outputs to retinal ganglion cells. Several subtypes of bipolar cells have been identified by morphology and electrophysiology in the mammalian retina, which convey distinct visual information to higher order neurons in parallel. The neural circuit in the retina not only converts light information to neural . information, but also performs visual information preprocessing that has not yet been fully understood. Recently, it has been revealed that the neural circuits in retinas of higher vertebrates, such as mammals and primates, have various biophysical properties arising from being composed of ionic channels, ionic pumps, and neurotransmitter receptors. Analysis using a mathematical model based on their ionic mechanisms is essential to understand the visual information processing in the retinal neural circuit of the higher vertebrates.
The cones and the bipolar cells respond to continuous variation of light with a graded potential, in an analog manner. Especially, glutamate is continuously released from a cone synapse in the dark and is decreased by hyperpolarization of the cone that receives the light stimulus. The alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and kainate type ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) of the OFF type bipolar cells (OFF-BCs) exhibit partial or nearly complete desensitization in the sustained presence of glutamate. In the dark, glutamate concentration in the synaptic cleft of the cone pedicle rises to 0.1–0.5 mM.5,6 The baseline glutamate concentration depends on a sustained hyperpolarization of the cone by light. Thus, for understanding the working of the OFF-BCs, it is important to elucidate the mechanisms of synaptic transmission from cones to OFF-BCs via iGluRs, which undergo desensitization in the various background light conditions. Furthermore, there are various kinds of ionic channels in OFF-BCs that mediate membrane potential responses. It is considered that information transmitted from cones to OFF-BCs is modulated by the intrinsic ionic currents. We analyzed how ionic currents of OFF-BCs contribute to the transmission of light responses by developing a mathematical model.
Effect of iStent Trabecular Micro-Bypass device on outflow system morphology
Authors: Hess Nicholas , Mesiwala Nisreen , Marando Catherine , Bilonick Richard A. , Seibold Leonard K. , Schuman Joel S. , Wollstein Gadi , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Sigal Ian A. , Conner Ian , Jonescu-Cuypers Christian , Pantcheva Mina B. , Kagemann Larry 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: Rigorous clinical testing has established that Schlemm’s canal cross-sectional area (SC-CSA) is reduced in glaucomatous eyes. However, to date, it is unclear whether trabecular bypass procedures impact the morphology of the proximal aqueous outflow tract, or if the introduction of a local region of low outflow resistance adversely affects SC-CSA elsewhere, specifically presenting as SC diminution. This study quantifies changes in the morphology of the distal outflow pathway after iStent Trabecular Micro-Bypass stent (Glaukos Corp, Laguna Hills, CA, USA) implantation in living eyes by anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT).
Design: This was a prospective observational study.
Subjects: This study included six patients (eight eyes) with primary-open angle glaucoma.
Methods: Patients underwent iStent placement in the nasal anterior chamber angle quadrant. OCT imaging was obtained of both nasal and temporal eye quadrants before and after surgery. For each SC parameter, an average of ten consecutive, evenly spaced measurements were manually obtained over a 1 mm segment of SC on FIJI ImageJ. Linear mixed effects modeling quantified the effect of the iStent on these parameters.
Main outcome measures: Main outcome measures were changes in SC-CSA, inner-to-outer wall distance (IOD), and trabecular meshwork (TM) thickness following iStent placement.
Results: Following iStent placement, total SC-CSA increased an average of 1,039.12 μm2 (P = 0.05). Individually, there were no significant changes in SC-CSA in the nasal or temporal quadrants. Total SC-IOD and nasal SC-IOD increased an average of 2.35 μm (P = 0.01) and 2.96 μm (P = 0.04), respectively. There were no significant changes in temporal quadrant SC-IOD. There were no significant changes in TM thickness in either quadrant.
Conclusions: Implantation of the iStent Trabecular Micro-Bypass stent significantly increases SC-IOD in the nasal quadrant at the location of implant, with no evidence of SC diminution in the temporal quadrant. It remains unclear how these observations relate to the surgical efficacy of trabecular bypass procedures.
Effects of the hand-grip test on retinal vascular and structural parameters measured by optical coherence tomography in healthy subjects
Authors: Cutolo Carlo Alberto , Verticchio Vercellin Alice Chandra , Ferro Desideri Lorenzo , Bonzano Chiara , Cardillo Piccolino Felice , Traverso Carlo Enrico , Nicolò Massimo 
Published: April 2021

Purpose: To examine the relationship between the cardiovascular status and variations in optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived parameters of the peripapillary and macular tissues, and macular vascular flow area measured by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in healthy subjects.
Design: Prospective, open-label, non-randomized clinical study.
Methods: Twenty one eyes of 21 healthy subjects were analyzed using a swept-source device, including OCT and OCTA acquisitions. Cardiovascular changes were investigated by performing a practical hand-grip test (HGT). Blood pressure, heart rate, OCT and OCTA structural and vascular changes were measured and analyzed before and after the HGT-induced exercise.
Results: The mean patient age was 34.0 (± 15.2) years. While both diastolic and systolic blood pressures increased significantly aft er exercise (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively), the heart rate did not show a significant increment (p = 0.182). OCT structural parameters of the optic nerve did not change significantly. Instead, a significant redistribution of choroidal thickness (CT) was observed in the macular region, with a significant reduction (-6.5%, p = 0.001) in the outer-nasal macular sector after exercise. OCTA acquisitions did not show changes in the vascular density of both the superficial retinal layer and deep retinal layer.
Conclusions: We demonstrated that HGT-induced exercise can moderately elevate blood pressure without detectable effects on OCTA-derived parameters in healthy young subjects. Moreover, it produced a significant redistribution of CT. Further studies are needed to better explain the possible role of HGT in the characterization of the pathophysiology of ocular diseases associated with abnormalities of the vascular function such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy.
PEMURNIAN DAMAR MATA KUCING (Shorea Javanica) DENGAN METODE PELARUTAN
Authors: Putra Firstiando Yuda 
Published: April 2021

Damarmatakucingmerupakan salah satuprodukhasilhutanLampung. Damarmatakucingbanyakdiperoleh di KabupatenPesisir Barat dan Kabupaten Lampung Barat. Damarmemilikiharga yang berbedabedatergantungkualitasdaridamartersebut. MenurutSNI 2900.2-2012 damarmatakucingdibedakanmenjadibeberapakelasyaitukelasA,B,C,D,E,dan Abu. Kualitasdamarditentukan oleh banyaknyakotoran, warna, dan ukuranbongkahandaridamartersebut. Damarmatakucing yang paling bagusialahdamar yang memilikikandungankotoran( tatalkayu, pasir, dan pengotorlainnya) yang paling sedikit dan memilikiwarna yang beningsertamemilikiukuranbongkahan yang besar.Metodepelarutanmenjadi salah satumetode yang digunakanuntukmeningkatkankualitasdaridamarsaatini. Pelarutan yang dimaksudyaitumemisahkandamardenganpengotor yang terkandung di dalamdamartersebut. Damardapatlarut pada pelarut yang bersifat non polar sepertitoluena, heksana, dan kloroform dan sukarlarut pada pelarut polar seperti air.PenelitianiniberkonsentrasiuntukmeningkatkankualitasdamarmatakucingdenganmetodePelarutan. Penelitianinimenggunakan 3 macampelarut yang dianggapcocokuntukmelarutkanbeberapakualitasdamarmatakucinghasilhutanyaitukualitas D, E, dan abu. Ketigajenispelaruttersebutyaituasetonkloroform dan heksana. Setelah itu damarmatakucing akandilarutkankedalampelarutselanjutnyadamaryang sudahterlarutakandisaringdenganukuran200 mesh. Inibertujuanuntukmemisahkandamardaripengotornya. Setelah itu dipanaskandengansuhu70 o C sampaipelarut yang digunakanmenguap dan damarkembaliberbentukpadatandenganbentuk yang lebihbesar.
HUBUNGAN KARAKTER PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BEBERAPA GENOTIPE SORGUM (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) DI LAHAN KERING TANJUNG BINTANG LAMPUNG SELATAN
Authors: Razaek Said Abdul 
Published: April 2021

: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi perbedaan variasi karakter pertumbuhan dan hasil beberapa genotipe sorgum, menghitung korelasi antara komponen pertumbuhan dan hasil beberapa genotipe sorgum serta menentukan pengaruh langsung antara variabel pertumbuhan yang diamati dan hasil dengan menggunakan analisis lintas. Lima genotipe sorgum (GH-4, GH-6, GH-7, GH-9, dan Numbu) disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap (RAKL) dengan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotipe GH -6 (225,3 cm) dan GH-7 (218,1 cm) memiliki panjang batang 17 MST yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan genotipe GH-4 (193,0 cm), GH-9 (177,2 cm) dan Numbu (154,7 cm). Kemudian genotipe GH-9 (73,9 g) dan GH-6 (62,0 g) memiliki bobot biji yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan genotipe GH-7 (52,9 g), GH-4 (48,4 g) dan Numbu (43,6 g). Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa pada komponen pertumbuhan dan pertumbuhan terdapat korelasi positif sangat nyata yang ditunjukkan antara variabel panjang batang 17 MST dan jumlah daun 17 MST (r=0,57**) serta jumlah ruas 17 MST (r=0,68**). Komponen pertumbuhan dan komponen hasil berkorelasi positif sangat nyata antara panjang batang 17 MST dan panjang malai (r = 0,41**), jumlah cabang malai (r = 0,37**), bobot dompolan/head (r = 0,43**), jumlah biji (r = 0,51**) serta bobot biji (r = 0,45**). Kemudian korelasi positif sangat nyata antara komponen hasil dan komponen hasil lainnya ditunjukkan oleh jumlah biji dan bobot biji (r = 0,94 **). Terdapat pengaruh langsung antara panjang batang 17 MST terhadap bobot biji (0,026), namun memiliki pengaruh langsung yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan pengaruh langsung terhadap jumlah biji (0,343). Sedangkan karakter jumlah biji memiliki nilai pengaruh langsung tertinggi terhadap bobot biji (0,672) dan diikuti oleh bobot 1000 butir (0,280). Sehingga karakter yang direkomendasikan sebagai indiktor seleksi genotipe unggul tanaman sorgum adalah jumlah biji dan bobot 1000 butir.
Percepción de estudiantes sobre el desarrollo de aptitudes matemáticas en el aula y su relación con el desempeño académico
Authors: Prada Núñez Raúl , Hernández Suárez César Augusto , Rodrigo Avendaño William 
Published: April 2021

Los bajos resultados obtenidos por estudiantes colombianos en pruebas internacionales como PISA o TIMSS han debelado la existencia de debilidades en la efectividad de la educación que se ofrece en nuestro país en áreas como Lectura, Matemáticas y Ciencias. En el caso particular de las Matemáticas, se han desarrollado diversidad de investigaciones algunas con estudiantes, otras a docentes, otras al proceso evaluativo y otras sobre las características de las prácticas pedagógica y/o los recursos didácticos que emplean los docentes con el fin de motivar a sus estudiantes y mejorar así la efectividad del proceso de enseñanza. Esta investigación da una mirada a los procesos matemáticos definidos por la NCTM y pretende determinar su implementación en el aula en opinión de los estudiantes, para ello se conformó una muestra de 1737 estudiantes de nueve instituciones públicas ubicadas en cuatro comunas de la ciudad de San José de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander. Se adopta un enfoque cuantitativo a nivel descriptivo para lo cual se recurre a la encuesta como instrumento para la recolección de datos, sugiriendo una lista de 47 ítems calificados en escala Likert en donde se caracterizaban las actividades que idealmente deben ser promocionadas para potenciar cada proceso matemático. Los resultados permitieron identificar que no existían diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las opiniones de los estudiantes entre los diversos niveles de desempeño académico, permitiendo identificar fortalezas y debilidades en el proceso de enseñanza de las Matemáticas. Se concluye que el gusto por la asignatura esta correlacionado estadísticamente con el nivel de desempeño académico que alcanza el estudiante, y es necesario que los docentes sigan promocionando los procesos matemáticos en el aula para alcanzar la meta de garantizar una educación que forme estudiantes matemáticamente competentes.
Rincón del investigador
Authors: Corrochano Carmen Cedillo 
Published: April 2021

El octavo número de FITISPos International Journal está dedicado a la traducción e interpretación como ejemplo de educación multilingüe a través de estudios empíricos y teóricos, que adoptan especialmente un enfoque interdisciplinar y que aluden al ámbito de los servicios públicos. Así pues, el presente Research Corner pretende dar cuenta de los avances científicos y académicos que ha experimentado la TISP desde 2020 hasta la fecha actual.
Pengaruh Latihan Kekuatan Otot Lengan Terhadap Kemampuan Smash Dalam Permainan Bola Voli
Authors: Sulistiadinata Heru , Aditya M yogi 
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan kekuatan otot lengan terhadap hasil kemampuan smash dalam permainan bola voli di SMPN 1 BOJONGPICUNG. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Desain penelitian menggunakan pre-test dan post-test.Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan random sampling dengan sampel penelitian berjumlah 30 siswa. Instrument tes yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes pull-up dan tes akurasi smash. Analisis
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan kekuatan otot lengan terhadap hasil kemampuan smash dalam permainan bola voli di SMPN 1 BOJONGPICUNG. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Desain penelitian menggunakan pre-test dan post-test.Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan random sampling dengan sampel penelitian berjumlah 30 siswa. Instrument tes yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes pull-up dan tes akurasi smash. Analisis data dengan cara statistik deskriptif dengan perhitungan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 15 siswa dengan latihan kekuatan otot lengan sebesar 5,6%, sedangkan peningkatan pemain yang tidak menggunakan latihan kekuatan otot lengan sebesar 3,8%., maka latihan kekuatan otot lengan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil kemampuan smash dalam permainan bola voli.
Kata kunci : Kemampuan Smash, Pengaruh Latihan Kekuatan Otot Lengan Terhadap Kemampuan Smash Dalam Permainan Bola Voli.
data dengan cara statistik deskriptif dengan perhitungan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 15 siswa dengan latihan kekuatan otot lengan sebesar 5,6%, sedangkan peningkatan pemain yang tidak menggunakan latihan kekuatan otot lengan sebesar 3,8%., maka latihan kekuatan otot lengan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil kemampuan smash dalam permainan bola voli.
Kata kunci : Kemampuan Smash, Pengaruh Latihan Kekuatan Otot Lengan Terhadap Kemampuan Smash Dalam Permainan Bola Voli.
Finding Quasars behind the Galactic Plane. I. Candidate Selections with Transfer Learning
Authors: Fu Yuming , Wu Xue-Bing , Yang Qian , Brown Anthony G. A. , Feng Xiaotong , Ma Qinchun , Li Shuyan 
Published: April 2021

Abstract
Quasars behind the Galactic plane (GPQs) are important astrometric references and useful probes of Milky Way gas. However, the search for GPQs is difficult due to large extinctions and high source densities in the Galactic plane. Existing selection methods for quasars developed using high Galactic latitude (high-b) data cannot be applied to the Galactic plane directly because the photometric data obtained from high-b regions and the Galactic plane follow different probability distributions. To alleviate this data set shift problem for quasar candidate selection, we adopt a transfer-learning framework at both the data and algorithm levels. At the data level, to make a training set in which a data set shift is modeled, we synthesize quasars and galaxies behind the Galactic plane based on SDSS sources and the Galactic dust map. At the algorithm level, to reduce the effect of class imbalance, we transform the three-class classification problem for stars, galaxies, and quasars into two binary classification tasks. We apply the XGBoost algorithm to Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) and AllWISE photometry for classification and an additional cut on Gaia proper motion to remove stellar contaminants. We obtain a reliable GPQ candidate catalog with 160,946 sources located at ∣b∣ ≤ 20° in the PS1-AllWISE footprint. Photometric redshifts of GPQ candidates achieved with the XGBoost regression algorithm show that our selection method can identify quasars in a wide redshift range (0 < z ≲ 5). This study extends the systematic searches for quasars to the dense stellar fields and shows the feasibility of using astronomical knowledge to improve data mining under complex conditions in the big-data era.