bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fungal pathogens of mango (Mangifera indica L.) inflorescences
Authors: Rivera-Vargas Lydia I. , Pérez-Cuevas Manuel , Cabrera-Asencio Irma , Suárez-Rozo María R. , Serrato-Díaz Luz M. 
Published: June 2021

This is the first comprehensive study to identify fungal pathogens of mango (Mangifera indica L.) inflorescences in Puerto Rico. A total of 452 mango inflorescences were collected from four cultivars at seven developmental stages during two blooming seasons. Samples were gathered from the germplasm collection at the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of Puerto Rico in Juana Díaz, Puerto Rico. Eight different symptoms were observed: cankers, flower abortion, powdery mildew, rachis necrotic lesions, rachis soft rot, tip blight, vascular wilt, and insect perforations with necrotic borders. Necrosis was the most prevalent symptom (47%), followed by powdery mildew (19%) and tip blight (6%). Symptoms of malformation were never observed in the field. Using a modified Horsfall and Barratt scale, data on all mango cultivars pooled from two blooming seasons showed that the full bloom stage, the last inflorescence developmental stage (G), displayed the highest mean disease severity (42.67%). This severity value was significantly higher than those of the other developmental stages evaluated (P<0.05). Early inflorescence developmental stages were asymptomatic or showed the lowest percentage of disease severity. An ANOVA was performed to compare disease severity among all mango cultivars regardless of developmental stage. Results showed that there were significant differences (P<0.05) between mean disease severity of cultivars ‘Parvin’ and ‘Haden’. Mean disease severity was higher in ‘Haden’ (20%) when compared to ‘Parvin’ (10.7%). There were no statistical differences in mean disease severity between cultivars ‘Irwin’, ‘Keitt’ and ‘Parvin’, or between ‘Irwin’, ‘Haden’ and ‘Keitt’. In addition to the powdery mildew caused by Pseudoidium anacardii, 26 genera of fungi, mainly of Ascomycetes, were identified from a total of 569 fungal isolates, from symptomatic and asymptomatic inflorescences. The most common fungi were: Diaporthe spp. (29%), followed by members of the Botryosphaeriaceae (16%), Curvularia spp. (11%) and Fusarium spp. (11%). Many fungal pathogens identified in this study were isolated from asymptomatic tissue, occurring as endophytes or latent pathogens: A. alternata, various members of the Botryosphaeriaceae, C. gloeosporioides complex, Cladosporium spp. and F. decemcellulare. Thus, the use of protectant fungicides will not be as effective as systemics in their control. Correct identification of fungal pathogens affecting mango inflorescences is important when quarantine regulations are applied. In addition, this information will facilitate the development of better management strategies in mango orchards.
“RETRATANDO DIÁLOGOS DE IDENTIDADES”. ARTICULACIÓN EDUCATIVA ENTRE LA LICENCIATURA EN PSICOPEDAGOGÍA (UPC), LA ESCUELA ESPECIAL DRA. ANA CAROLINA MOSCA Y EL MUSEO DE ANTROPOLOGÍA (FFYH-UNC)
Authors: Zabala Mariela Eleonora , Dalmasso Mariana Beatriz 
Published: June 2021

Nos proponemos dar a conocer una experiencia de pedagogía museística, y desde allí reflexionar sobre las experiencias de trabajo interdisciplinario e interinstitucional desarrolladas en el proyecto artístico “Retratando diálogos de identidades”, desde el diálogo de saberes y la extensión universitaria. El mismo fue creado colectivamente entre profesionales pertenecientes a dos espacios de formación superior y universitaria de la Ciudad de Córdoba (Argentina), y de la Escuela Especial Dra. Ana Carolina Mosca. Participaron los estudiantes de la Carrera de Psicopedagogía de la Universidad Provincial de Córdoba y docentes, no docentes, estudiantes, egresados/as y personal de seguridad del Museo de Antropología de la Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Creamos y coordinamos el proyecto psicopedagogas, artistas plásticas y antropólogas. El mismo se desarrolló entre el año 2018 y 2019.
El objetivo fue habitar el Museo con una propuesta de intervención artística para jóvenes con necesidades educativas derivadas de la discapacidad y acompañados por estudiantes del último año de la Carrera Licenciatura en Psicopedagogía. Para estos últimos también tuvo como finalidad problematizar a la institución museo como un espacio potente para enseñar y aprender con personas con necesidades educativas.

Las estrategias didácticas seleccionadas se enmarcaron en los fundamentos del Aprendizaje Situado que involucra a sujetos activos que participan con otros en una propuesta culturalmente organizada.
A través de esta escritura queremos documentar lo no documentado de las experiencias educativas, en este caso en un museo, y a partir de esa descripción describir lo vivido.
EFEKTIVITAS WORD OF MOUTH TERHADAP BRAND AWARENESS “BATIK KERIS”
Authors: Felicia Feren , Meisyaroh Siti 
Published: June 2021

Peneliti tertarik untuk meneliti mengenai word of mouth yang efektif terhadap pembentukan brand awareness seseorang ketika melakukan pembelian busana, khususnya busana batik. Teori Stimulus Respons (S – R) merupakan teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efek yang ditimbulkan terhadap pesan yang disampaikan (stimulus) sehingga timbul perubahan sikap (respons). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksplanatif. Pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah non-probability sampling, dengan teknik accidental sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara menyebarkan kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada 120 pengunjung Summarecon Mall Kelapa Gading di Jakarta Utara. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu terdapat efek word of mouth talkers, topics, tools, taking part, dan tracking yang berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan brand awareness Batik Keris pada pengunjung Summarecon Mall Kelapa Gading di Jakarta Utara.
Kata Kunci : Kesadaran Merek, Komunikasi Langsung, Efektivitas Komunikasi
INDONESIAN GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN AN IVORY TOWER: COMMUNICATION ETHICS PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Susanto Deny 
Published: June 2021

The implementation of corporate governance that has been running so far tends to be an ivory tower that looks beautiful to look at, but is empty in its contents, such a charming appearance to be seen but is nothing more than makeup and decoration. This is of course a homework shared by all parties, the people as the main stakeholders expect the role and function of the government and the Parliament to grow a figure of trust with high integrity to bring progress to every State Own Enterprise corporation.

Key Words: Good Corporate Governance, Communication Ethics, State Own Enterprise
GOVERNMENT DOMINATION IN ANTARA TV THE FEATURE NEWS PRODUCTION PROCESS OF “MATA INDONESIA”
Authors: Kholik Abdul 
Published: June 2021

The Ministry of Communication and Informatics has the task to distribute information on the various state activities, social and other community activities. The task of producing and disseminating this information is given to a Public Company of National News Agency (LKBN / Lembaga Kantor Berita Nasional) Antara. The research was carried out with a qualitative approach with the research of the feature news Antara TV, Mata Indonesia as an object. The study was conducted by performing a direct observations on the production process of the feature news Mata Indonesia. In the Mata Indonesia production process the Ministry has a dominant role in determining the direction and policy of Mata Indonesia. With economic and political power, the Ministry has intervened since the production designs, production processes in the field and regulate the final output of Mata Indonesia. To still be able to produce Mata Indonesia, the editor of Antara TV applies the gatekeeper function. Where all elements involved in selecting information will be presented.

Keywords: media political economy, gatekeeper, journalistic tv, feature news
PENGGUNAAN MODEL TGT DENGAN MEDIA BARCODE SCANNER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI SISWA
Authors: SUBADI SUBADI 
Published: June 2021

Pembelajaran sejarah di era digital menghadapi tantangan berat, karena persepsi siswa materi pembelajaran dapat dengan mudah dicari di internet. Tujuan penulisan praktik baik ini adalah untuk meningkatkan motivasi, mempergunakan kemajuan teknologi untuk alat bantu pembelajaran, menghindari kegiatan negatif penggunaan android/HP, meningkatkan kreativitas siswa dan pembelajaran yang menyenangkan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melalui dokumen diantaranya dari daftar nilai hasil belajar siswa, daftar hadir, daftar keaktifan siswa, silabus, RPP, hasil kuesioner/survey motivasi dan minat serta pengamatan secara langsung dan pengalaman praktik-praktik baik. Lokasi praktik baik di SMAN 1 Matauli Pandan melibatkan siswa kelas XII IPA10 berjumlah 24. Dengan mengubah model pembelajaran dengan Team Game Tournament (TGT) menggunakan media HP android dengan aplikasi barcode scanner diperoleh hasil bahwa siswa yang termotivasi dan tertantang belajar sebanyak 21 siswa dari 24 siswa atau sebesar 87,5%. Siswa yang mengantuk menjadi tidak ada karena semua siswa terlibat dalam permainan menggunakan media barcode scanner. Namun demikian tidak ada satupun siswa yang menyatakan tertarik dan berminat menjadi sejarawan. Hasil belajar dengan media barcode scanner menunjukkan siswa yang tuntas belajar sejarah sebesar 92% atau 22 siswa, dan yang belum tuntas 8% atau 2 siswa memperoleh nilai kurang dari 75. Hasil belajar siswa meningkat dengan rata-rata kelas 84,25.
Global Neurosurgery: Its Time Has Come
Authors: Benzel Edward C 
Published: June 2021

The world is shrinking. We, as neurosurgeons, are enjoying an ever-increasing opportunity to communicate with each other via email, WhatsApp, webinars, virtual visiting professorships, and on and on. This ‘movement’ provides much-needed augmented access to experts and each other worldwide. This, simply put, is the essence of the term ‘Global Neurosurgery.’
‘Global neurosurgery’ is increasingly referenced in manuscripts and social media. Of course, neurosurgeons have traveled the world for educational purposes for over 100 years. However, in those days gone by, only the elite few were afforded the opportunity for such travel and education. Accompanying the marked increase in opportunities to communicate and educate, the term ‘global neurosurgery’ now takes on a new meaning. In a sense, it is a banner phrase that heralds the introduction and implementation of the latest communication and education access to all neurosurgeons. Global neurosurgery has become the words on the banner of a new and exciting movement – i.e., disseminating neurosurgery knowledge, skills, and hopefully, resources to all neurosurgical world reaches.
Africa100
Authors: Samii Madjid 
Published: June 2021

Neurosurgery made a fascinating advancement in the last century. However, its historical development was somewhat slower than that of other surgical specialties due to the complexity of the central nervous system. Initial attempts to treat brain disease surgically have been related to high morbidity and mortality. Only the better understanding of brain structure and function localization and the introduction of antisepsis, anesthesia, and hemostasis at the end of the 19th century led to increased interest and rapid advancement in the field. The other development of neurosurgery was distributing the acquired knowledge and making this highly specialized care available to all patients around the world.
Among all other surgical disciplines, global neurosurgery was the foundation of neurosurgical organizations around the world, and their close cooperation, few countries founded the WFNS in 1955. The first president was Jefferson, and the first WFNS congress was held in 1957 in Brussels (congress president professor A. Walder). WFNS initiated a world congress every four years to gather neurosurgeons for scientific exchange.
Beyond “The Money-Making Personality” Notes toward a Theory of Capitalist Orthopraxy
Authors: Donway Roger 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Ayn Rand's 1963 article “The Money-Making Personality” implied both the concept of a capitalist orthopraxy and the idea that it had an opposite. Robert Bradley Jr.'s multivolume history of Enron's rise and fall coined the term “contra-capitalism” to describe a business syndrome that forms a stereotypical opposite of capitalist orthopraxy. This essay offers a formal definition of “contra-capitalism” as a development of Rand's insight.
Selfish versus Selfish
Authors: Jetton Merlin 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
Ayn Rand's controversial use of “selfish” and “selfishness” has arguably done as much or more to supply “grist” to her critics and drive people away from her philosophy than to persuade people to adopt it. This article is about her meaning of “selfish” and the common, popular meaning. Succinctly, the former is a high-level abstraction, philosophical, and mainly a way of thinking, whereas the latter is a low-level abstraction, not philosophical, and mainly a way of acting. They also have different contrast terms.
Mental Integrations as Functional Wholes
Authors: Melkani Abhijeet 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
It is argued that a mental integration is formed only if the result is a functional whole. This idea is then used to clarify the definition of a concept and discuss problems in which an instance may belong to different conceptual classes depending on the context. The same idea is also applied to the rules for dealing with an entity when it is formed out of sub-entities. Specific examples of how such rules are frequently violated in literature as well as colloquially are discussed.
Re-reading Rand through a Russian Lens
Authors: Kizilov Mikhail 
Published: June 2021

Abstract
This article reviews a new book by a Russian scholar, Anastasiya Grigorovskaya, which places Ayn Rand's fiction into its Russian context. Grigorovskaya comes to the conclusion that Ayn Rand's imagery and fiction was heavily influenced by Russian philosophy and literature. Paradoxical it may seem, but written in America in the English language, her novels and plays contain hidden references to ideas and tendencies that preoccupied the minds of many Russian thinkers and writers in the nineteenth and early twentieth century.
Uji Aktivitas Kombucha Teh dan Kopi Sebagai Antibakteri Bakteri Gram Positif dan Bakteri Gram Negatif
Authors: . Surahmaida , Lestari Kinanti Ayu Puji 
Published: June 2021

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan Kombucha dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Gram positif dan Gram negatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi pembuatan Kombucha dengan variasi bahan dasar (teh hitam, teh hijau dan kopi) dengan jenis gula yang berbeda (gula pasir dan gula stevia); dan uji antibakteri menggunakan metode kertas cakram (difusi agar) terhadap bakteri Gram positif dan Gram negatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ke-6 varian Kombucha tidak berpengaruh atau tidak adanya zona bening (zona hambat) yang terbentuk di sekitar kertas cakram uji pada semua bakteri uji.Kata kunci: Kombucha teh dan kopi, bakteri Gram positif dan bakteri Gram negatif, zona hambat ABSTRACTThe aim of this tudy is to determine the ability of Kombucha to inhibit the growth of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The method used in this study included the making of Kombucha with a variety of basic ingredients (black tea, green tea and coffee) with different types of sugar (sugar and stevia sugar); and antibacterial tests using the paper disc (agar diffusion) method against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The results showed that the 6 variants of Kombucha had no effect or absence of a clear zone (inhibition zone) formed around the test disc paper in all test bacteria.Keywords: Tea and coffee Kombucha, Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria, inhibitory zone
Analisis Pengaruh Suhu Simulan Pangan Terhadap Migrasi Formalin Dari Piring Melamin
Authors: Yulianti Cicik Herlina 
Published: June 2021

Produk piring melamin merupakan salah satu jenis produk kemasan pangan yang banyak digunakan saat ini. Produk piring melamin banyak diminati karena memiliki kelebihan antara lain ringan, tidak mudah pecah, berwarna-warni, desain menarik, dan harganya terjangkau. Akan tetapi semakin meningkatnya penggunaan produk piring melamin, masyarakat harus mewaspadai beredarnya produk piring melamin yang mutunya kurang baik. Piring melamin dapat membahayakan kesehatan jika digunakan untuk makanan bersuhu tinggi, karena dapat memicu terlepasnya formalin dari peralatan makan melamin ke dalam tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh suhu simulan pangan terhadap migrasi formalin dari piring melamin dan untuk mengetahui suhu makanan yang aman bagi peralatan makan melamin. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengetahui kadar formalin terekstrak dari piring melamin menggunakan SNI 7322:2008, dengan pereaksi Nash sebagai pereaksi ujinya. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah suhu simulan pangan berpengaruh terhadap kadar formalin terekstrak dari piring melamin. Makin tinggi suhu simulan semakin besar kadar formalin yang terekstrak. Pada suhu simulan pangan 25°C, menghasilkan kadar formalin terekstrak dengan range sebesar 0,0732 - 0,609 ppm. Pada suhu simulan pangan 60°C, menghasilkan kadar formalin terekstrak dengan range sebesar 0,756 - 6,903 ppm. Pada suhu simulan pangan 80°C, menghasilkan kadar formalin terekstrak dengan range sebesar 2,707 - 206,58 ppm. Pada suhu simulan pangan 100°C, menghasilkan kadar formalin terekstrak dengan range sebesar 6,536 - 855,6 ppm. Suhu makanan yang aman untuk semuan jenis piring melamin baik yang foodgrade amaupun non foodgrade adalah suhu 25°C karena kadar formalin terekstrak yang dihasilkan kurang dari 3 ppm.
Formulasi Krim Epigallocatechin gallate Sebagai Anti Aging
Authors: Nailufa Yuyun , Ainun Najih Yuli 
Published: June 2021

Penuaan dini merupakan masalah besar bagi seorang wanita. Penuaan dini dapat menimbulkan rasa kurang percaya diri. Tanda – tanda penuaan dini diantaranya adalah munculnya bintik-bintik hitam, muncul garis halus, pori-pori terlihat mulai membesar, kusam, wajah terasa kasar, mata berubah bentuk, kulit wajah mengendur bahakan bisa terjadi perubahan warna kulit. Banyak faktor yang dapat memicu terjadinya penuaan dini yaitu paparan sinar matahari yang berlebih, posisi tidur, konsumsi makanan dan minuman yang tidak sehat, kulit kurang istirahat karena selalu memakai make up, stres, kurang tidur dan genetik. Penuaan dini dapat dicegah dengan menggunakan kosmetik anti aging. Salah satu zat yang dapat digunakan sebagai anti aging adalah epigallocatechin gallate. Epigallocatechin gallate merupakan senyawa dari bahan alam yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antioksidan. Aktivitas antioksidan epigallocatechin gallate lebih tinggi daripada vitamin C dan vitamin E. Epigallocatechin gallate merupakan antioksidan yang tinggi (100 kali vitamin C atau 25 kali vitamin E). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasi krim anti aging dengan bahan aktif epigallocatechin gallate dengan konsentrasi basis krim yang berbeda sehingga didapatkan krim anti aging dengan karakteristik fisik yang optimal. Basis krim merupakan bahan eksipien utama dalam membentuk konsistensi sediaan krim. Pada penelitian ini basis krim yang digunakan adalah lexemul CS-20 dimana basis krim ini mengandung kombinasi 2 basis krim yaitu cetearyl alcohol dan ceteareth-20). Peneliti berharap dengan hanya menggunakan satu bahan saja mampu memberikan hasil yang optimal. Pada penelitian ini ingin mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi basis krim terhadap karakteristik fisik krim epigallocatechin gallate. Konsentrasi basis krim yang digunakan adalah 10%, 15% dan 20%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formula F1, F2 dan F3 secara organoleptis sama yatu berwarna putih dan homogen, hanya pada formula F1 sedikit encer . Berdasarkan hasil uji pH pada formula F1, F2 dan F3 memberikan hasil yang tidak berbeda bermakna. Semua formula adalah krim dengan tipe emulsi minyak dalam air. Semakin tinggi konsentrasi basis krim memberikan nilai viskositas yang lebih tinggi, sebaliknya semakin tinggi konsentrasi basis krim daya sebar krim semakin kecil. Berdasarkan uji stabilitas dengan metode sentrifugasi terlihat formula F1 tidak stabil karena sediaan memisah menjadi 2 fase, sedangkan pada formula F2 dan F3 sediaan tidak memisah (stabil).
Uji In Vitro Interaksi Cefadroxil dengan Pisang dan Susu terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dengan Metode Difusi Cakram
Authors: Handayani Widya , Dwi Aristyawan Andhika , Ega Safitri Octavia 
Published: June 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya interaksi Cefadroxil dengan makanan dan minuman terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus secara in vitro. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental kualitatif . Sebagai kontrol positif digunakan antibiotik Cefadroxil 0,01%, kontrol negatif aquadest steril, dan sampel yang digunakan pisang dan susu. Terdapat 4 perlakuan yaitu konsentrasi 10%, 20%, 40%, dan 80% dengan tiga kali pengulangan menggunakan metode difusi cakram. Uji One Way Anova dan LSD memperoleh nilai p < α (0,05) sehingga menunjukkan adanya perbedaan zona hambat pertumbuhan Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus pada berbagai konsentrasi.
The Optimal System for Complex Series-Parallel Systems with Cold Standby Units: A Comparative Analysis Approach
Authors: Yusuf Ibrahim , Muhammad Musa Ismail 
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this research is to propose three reliability models (configurations) with standby units and to study the optimum configuration between configurations analytically and numerically. The chapter considered the need for 60 MW generators in three different configurations. Configuration 1 has four 15 MW primary units, two 15 MW cold standby units and one 30 MW cold standby unit; Configuration 2 has three 20 MW primary units, three 20 cold standby units; Configuration 3 has two 30 MW primary units and three 30 MW cold standby units. Some reliability features of series–parallel systems under minor and complete failure were studied and contrasted by the current. Failure and repair time of all units is assumed to be exponentially distributed. Explanatory expressions for system characteristics such as system availability, mean time to failure (MTTF), profit function and cost benefits for all configurations have been obtained and validated by performing numerical experiments. Analysis of the effect of different system parameters on the function of profit and availability has been carried out. Analytical comparisons presented in terms of availability, mean time to failure, profit function and cost benefits have shown that configuration 3 is the optimal configuration. This is supported by numerical examples in contrast to some studies where the optimal configuration of the system is not uniform as it depends on some system parameters. Graphs and sensitivity analysis presented reveal the analytical results and accomplish that Configuration 3 is the optimal in terms of design, reliability physiognomies such as availability of the system, mean time to failure, profit and cost benefit. The study is beneficial to engineers, system designers, reliability personnel, maintenance managers, etc.