bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digestive, fermentative, and physical properties of pineapple residue as a feed for cattle
Authors: Liu Chunyan , Asano Sanae , Ogata Hikonosuke , Ito Shun , Nakase Takumi , Takeda Sui , Miyoshi Kyougo , Numata Youichi , Takahashi Kei , Kajikawa Hiroshi 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe intake, digestion, and ruminal fermentation properties; the antioxidative activity; and the physical effectiveness of pineapple residue (PR) from the cut‐fruit industry as a feed for cattle were investigated. Four nonlactating Holstein cows were fed a basal diet and diets with 1.4‐ and 3.6‐kg dry matter (DM)/day of PR (low‐PR and high‐PR diets, respectively). The DM digestibility and total digestible nutrients were 71% and 70%, respectively. Ruminal pH, volatile fatty acids, and ammonia‐N did not differ among the diets. The numbers of total viable, amylolytic, cellulolytic, and methanogenic bacteria and protozoa, and microbial protein synthesis in the rumen also did not differ significantly. Blood triglyceride, nonesterified fatty acids, urea nitrogen, and aspartate transaminase were lower in the high‐PR diet. Feeding PR did not affect blood malondialdehyde, although PR has a higher antioxidative value than other commonly used feeds. The particle distribution of PR satisfied the recommended range for haylage. The chewing time for ingestion and rumination did not change with PR content, and the roughage value index of PR was 57‐min/kg DM. These results suggest that PR has good intake and digestion properties and satisfactory physical effectiveness. Even a high‐PR‐content feed unlikely induces the risk of ruminal acidosis.
What’s in a diagnosis: The effect of externalizing and internalizing students’ behaviour on pre‐service teachers’ classroom management and interaction strategies
Authors: Glock Sabine , Pit‐ten Cate Ineke M. 
Published: March 2021

BackgroundAll over the word, classrooms are getting more and more diverse and teachers are required to effectively manage these classes even when students have special education needs (SEN).AimsThe study aimed to investigate classroom management strategies and interpersonal teacher behaviour in relation to students internalizing and externalizing behaviour, whereby we varied the diagnosis of special educational needs.SampleTwo hundred and fifty‐four German pre‐service teachers (143 female) with a mean age of 26.04 years participated in the study.MethodUsing an experimental between‐subjects design, a fictitious student was described as exhibiting either internalizing or externalizing behaviour. Additionally, we varied whether the student was diagnosed as having SEN or not. The participants were asked to indicate which strategies they would apply and how they would interact with students.ResultsResults showed that teacher interaction in response to both students with internalizing and externalizing behaviour approached ideal interpersonal teacher behaviour (i.e. high level of cooperativeness with certain level of dominance), whereas pre‐service teachers applied all classroom management strategies to minimize effects of student behaviour on learning time. Although pre‐service teachers adapted their responses based on type of behaviour, they only made allowances for internalizing behaviour while their response to externalizing behaviour did not vary much as a function of a SEN diagnosis.ConclusionsTogether, these findings highlight the importance of providing pre‐service teachers with the pedagogical knowledge concerning effective classroom management and flexible use of strategies in response to diverse student needs in inclusive classrooms.
Gluten intolerance antibodies in multiple sclerosis and clinically isolated syndrome : Coexistent or coincidental?
Authors: Ünlütürk Zeynep , Bir Levent Sinan , Demir Melek 
Published: March 2021

AbstractObjectiveAs it is well known that autoimmune diseases can coexist, the association of multiple sclerosis (MS) with other autoimmune diseases has always been a major concern for clinicians. In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical findings, and the frequency of autoantibodies related to celiac disease in MS and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS).MethodsAnti‐gliadin immunoglobulin A and anti‐gliadin immunoglobulin G and anti‐endomysium immunoglobulin A and anti‐endomysium immunoglobulin G antibodies were studied by the indirect immune fluorescence method, anti‐tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin A and anti‐tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin G were studied by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The study included 30 patients with CIS, 50 patients with relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS), 30 patients with progressive MS (PMS) and 42 healthy individuals as the control group.ResultsOne patient was anti‐gliadin immunoglobulin A‐positive in the CIS group, four patients in the RRMS group, one patient in the PMS group and two patients in the control group. Four patients were anti‐gliadin immunoglobulin G‐positive in the CIS group, four patients in the RRMS group, three patients in the PMS group and three patients in the control group. One patient was anti‐endomysium immunoglobulin A‐positive in the CIS group and two patients in the RRMS group. Two patients were anti‐endomysium immunoglobulin G‐positive in the CIS group, one patient in the RRMS group and one patient in the PMS group. Three patients were anti‐tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin A‐positive in the RRMS group and two patients in the control group. All groups were anti‐tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin G‐negative. Although the number of patients with positive antibodies seemed to be higher in MS groups, the difference was not statistically significant between the groups.ConclusionWe observed that celiac antibodies were not more common in MS patients than healthy controls. However, these antibodies are important to suggest gastrointestinal complaints in MS patients.
Real‐time detection of cerebrospinal fluid with bioimpedance needle in paediatric lumbar puncture
Authors: Sievänen Harri , Kari Juho , Halonen Sanna , Elomaa Timo , Tammela Outi , Soukka Hanna , Eskola Vesa 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundLumbar puncture is a common clinical procedure that can occasionally be difficult. Various needle guidance methods can facilitate performing this procedure, but at the expense of special expertise, equipment and facility. In the present study, we evaluated the clinical feasibility of a novel bioimpedance needle system regarding its ability to detect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in paediatric lumbar punctures.MethodsWe performed 40 lumbar puncture procedures using the bioimpedance needle system in 37 paediatric patients, aged from 0 days to 17 months, as a part of their prescribed examinations in two university hospitals. The bioimpedance needle is similar to a conventional 22G cutting‐edge spinal needle with a stylet, except the needle and stylet are configured as a bipolar electrode with high spatial resolution. The system measures in real‐time when the needle tip reaches the subarachnoid space containing CSF. The procedure was considered successful when the erythrocyte count was determined from the obtained CSF sample.ResultsSubarachnoid space was verifiably reached in 28 out of 40 procedures (70%). Bioimpedance needle system detected CSF in 23 out of these 28 successful procedures (82%) while failed in 3 out of 28 procedures (11%). No adverse events were reported.ConclusionBioimpedance spinal needle system was found clinically feasible in paediatric lumbar punctures, and it may offer an objective and simple means to detect the time point when the needle tip is in contact with the cerebrospinal fluid.
Characterizing the demographic history and prion protein variation to infer susceptibility to chronic wasting disease in a naïve population of white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)
Authors: Haworth Sarah E. , Nituch Larissa , Northrup Joseph M. , Shafer Aaron B. A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAssessments of the adaptive potential in natural populations are essential for understanding and predicting responses to environmental stressors like climate change and infectious disease. Species face a range of stressors in human‐dominated landscapes, often with contrasting effects. White‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus; deer) are expanding in the northern part of their range following decreasing winter severity and increasing forage availability. Chronic wasting disease (CWD), a prion disease affecting deer, is likewise expanding and represents a major threat to deer and other cervids. We obtained tissue samples from free‐ranging deer across their native range in Ontario, Canada, which has yet to detect CWD in wild populations. We used high‐throughput sequencing to assess neutral genomic variation and variation in the prion protein gene (PRNP) that is partly responsible for the protein misfolding when deer contract CWD. Neutral variation revealed a high number of rare alleles and no population structure, and demographic models suggested a rapid historical population expansion. Allele frequencies of PRNP variants associated with CWD susceptibility and disease progression were evenly distributed across the landscape and consistent with deer populations not infected with CWD. We estimated the selection coefficient of CWD, with simulations showing an observable and rapid shift in PRNP allele frequencies that coincides with the start of a novel CWD outbreak. Sustained surveillance of genomic and PRNP variation can be a useful tool for guiding management practices, which is especially important for CWD‐free regions where deer are managed for ecological and economic benefits.
Serum vasohibin‐1 levels: A potential marker of dermal and pulmonary fibrosis in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Fukui Yuki , Nakamura Kouki , Hirabayashi Megumi , Miyagawa Takuya , Toyama Satoshi , Omatsu Jun , Awaji Kentaro , Ikawa Tetsuya , Norimatsu Yuta , Yoshizaki Ayumi , Sato Shinichi , Asano Yoshihide 
Published: March 2021

AbstractVasohibin‐1 (VASH‐1) is a potent anti‐angiogenic factor mainly produced by endothelial cells. In addition, VASH‐1 prevents TGF‐β–dependent activation of renal fibroblasts. Since systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by vasculopathy and fibrosis of multiple organs, VASH‐1 may be involved in the development of this disease. In this study, we investigated the potential role of VASH‐1 in SSc by evaluating the clinical correlation between serum VASH‐1 levels and the expression of VASH‐1 in SSc‐involved skin. Serum VASH‐1 levels were higher in SSc patients, especially those with diffuse cutaneous involvement, than in healthy controls and positively correlated with skin score. Furthermore, SSc patients with interstitial lung disease had significantly elevated levels of serum VASH‐1 as compared to those without. Importantly, serum VASH‐1 levels correlated inversely with both the percentage of predicted vital capacity and the percentage of predicted diffusion lung capacity for carbon monoxide and positively with serum KL‐6 levels, but not serum surfactant protein D levels. In SSc‐involved skin, VASH1 mRNA was remarkably upregulated compared with healthy control skin, but the major source of VASH‐1 was not clear. Fli1 deficiency, a predisposing factor inducing SSc‐like endothelial properties, did not affect VASH‐1 expression in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. Collectively, these results suggest that VASH‐1 upregulation in the skin and sera is linked to dermal and pulmonary fibrotic changes in SSc, while the contribution of VASH‐1 to SSc vasculopathy seems to be limited.
Quantification of artifacts during cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with leadless Micra pacemakers
Authors: Hála Pavel , Neužil Petr , Keller Jiří , Moučka Petr , Mudroch Martin , Dujka Libor , Janotka Marek , Žáček Radovan , Vymazal Josef , Reddy Vivek 
Published: March 2021

AbstractIntroductionWhen cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) is performed after previous leadless transcatheter pacemaker implantation, an image distortion has to be expected in the heart region and evaluation of myocardial tissue can be affected. In this clinical prospective study, we aim to assess the extent and impact of this artifact on individual ventricular segments and compare it to conventional pacing devices.MethodsTotal of 20 patients with leadless pacemaker placed in the right ventricle underwent cardiac MR imaging in a 1.5 Tesla scanner. A multiplanar segmentation was used to demarcate the left and right ventricular myocardium as well as the pacemaker‐caused image artifact in systolic and diastolic time frames. Artifact size and its relative influence on myocardial segments were quantitatively assessed and expressed in AHA‐17 model.ResultsImplanted leadless pacemaker caused an image artifact with a volume of 48 ± 5 ml. Most distorted were the apical septal (53 ± 23%), apical inferior (30 ± 18%), and midventricular inferoseptal (30 ± 20%) segments. The artifact intersection with basal and lateral segments was none or negligible (up to 2%). The portion of left ventricular (LV) myocardium affected by the artifact was significantly higher in systole (8 ± 4%) compared to diastole (10 ± 3%; p < .001).ConclusionImplantation of leadless pacemaker represents no obstacle for cardiac MR imaging but causes an image artifact located mostly in septal, inferoseptal, and anteroseptal segments of apical and midventricular LV myocardium. With the exception of the apex, diastolic timing reduces the image distortion of all segments and improves global ventricular assessment.
Simplified rapid differentiation of Liriomyza chinensis Kato (Diptera; Agromyzidae) genotypes A and B using PCR‐RFLP
Authors: Takagi Motonori , Wari David , Ogawara Takashi , Uesugi Ryuji 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe stone leek leafminer Liriomyza chinensis Kato is one of the most important pests of Allium spp. In recent years, a new genotype of L. chinensis, genotype B, has been shown to cause more severe damage to Allium spp. compared with the native genotype A in Japan. Thus, identification of the genotypes is important for establishing L. chinensis control strategies. In this study, we developed a simple and rapid method of genotype identification using PCR‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Primers were designed to mitochondria cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (mtCOI) nucleotide sequences from both genotypes. Genotypes A and B were successfully identified using the restriction enzymes PvuI and DdeI, respectively. Using PCR‐RFLP, we identified the genotype of L. chinensis samples (n = 108) collected in seven Japanese bunching onion fields in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. All individuals were shown to be genotype B, as expected.
Evidence for the existence of extracellular vesicles in Renibacterium salmoninarum and related cytotoxic effects on SHK‐1 cells
Authors: Echeverría‐Bugueño Macarena , Balada Cristóbal , Irgang Rute , Avendaño‐Herrera Ruben 
Published: March 2021

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) in bacteria have been implicated in invasive and, through enzymes, infective processes. One Gram‐positive bacterium lacking any EV research, despite having commercial impacts on the aquaculture industry, is Renibacterium salmoninarum. We addressed this gap in knowledge by utilizing scanning electron microscopy to provide the first reported evidence for the production of EVs by R. salmoninarum strain H‐2. Dispersive light scattering detected that the EVs were heterogeneous in size, and the protein compositions were similar to the bacterial membrane and contained the virulent protein factors p22 and p57. The EVs additionally had a concentrated negative charge compared with R. salmoninarum H‐2, as determined by Z potential. Finally, these particles seemed to play a role in host invasion in vitro in the salmon head kidney cell line, as demonstrated by the occurrence of a cytotoxic effect within the first 48 hr post‐infection. Higher EV concentrations (i.e. 52.6 µg/ml) were more toxic than R. salmoninarum H‐2. This information serves as a foundation to develop and test possible uses for R. salmoninarum EVs in salmon aquaculture, inspiring future advances against bacterial kidney disease.
Experimental exposure to low concentrations of Neoparamoebaperurans induces amoebic gill disease in Atlantic salmon
Authors: Bridle Andrew R. , Hill Thomas , Smith Aaron , Crosbie Philip , Nowak Barbara F. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAmoebic gill disease (AGD) is a significant issue in Atlantic salmon mariculture. Research on the development of treatments or vaccines uses experimental challenges where salmon is exposed to amoebae concentrations ranging from 500 to 5,000/L. However, the water concentrations of N. perurans on affected salmon farms are much lower. The lowest concentration of N. perurans previously reported to cause AGD was 10/L. Here, we report that concentrations as low as 0.1/L of N. perurans can cause AGD. We propose that concentrations of N. perurans that reflect those measured on salmon farms should be used for future experimental challenges.
Dietary interventions with dietitian involvement in adults with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review
Authors: Brown Tamara J. , Williams Harriet , Mafrici Bruno , Jackson Helena S. , Johansson Lina , Willingham Fiona , McIntosh Ashleigh , MacLaughlin Helen L. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundA comprehensive evidence base is needed to support recommendations for the dietetic management of adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study aimed to determine the effect of dietary interventions with dietitian involvement on nutritional status, well‐being, kidney risk factors and clinical outcomes in adults with CKD.MethodsCochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and EMBASE.com were searched from January 2000 to November 2019.Intentional weight loss and single nutrient studies were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool. Effectiveness was summarised using the mean difference between groups for each outcome per study.ResultsTwelve controlled trials (1906 participants) were included. High fruit and vegetable intake, as well as a multidisciplinary hospital and community care programme, slowed the decline in glomerular filtration rate in adults with stage 3–4 CKD. Interventions addressing nutrition‐related barriers increased protein and energy intake in haemodialysis patients. A Mediterranean diet and a diet with high n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids improved the lipid profile in kidney transplant recipients.ConclusionsA limited number of studies suggest benefits as a result of dietary interventions that are delivered by dietitians and focus on diet quality. We did not identify any studies that focussed on our primary outcome of nutritional status or studies that examined the timing or frequency of the nutritional assessment. This review emphasises the need for a wider body of high‐quality evidence to support recommendations on what and how dietetic interventions are delivered by dietitians for adults with CKD.
The impact of resilience on turnover intention in dialysis nurses: The mediating effects of work engagement and compassion fatigue
Authors: Cao Xiaoyi , Chen Lin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAimTo describe the levels of turnover intention, and to explore the mediating effects of work engagement and compassion fatigue on the relationship between resilience and turnover intention in dialysis nurses.MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted to recruit 496 dialysis nurses in 25 tertiary hospitals in Sichuan province, China. Structural equation modeling technique was used to examine the mediating roles of work engagement and compassion fatigue on the association between resilience and turnover intention.ResultsThe prevalence of high and exceptionally high levels of turnover intention in dialysis nurses were 56.8% (282 nurses) and 8.7% (43 nurses), respectively. Resilience was a significant and direct contributor to work engagement (standardized direct effect = 0.62, p < .001) and compassion fatigue (standardized direct effect = −0.35, p < .001), respectively. However, resilience had no direct and significant effect on turnover intention (standardized direct effect = 0.15, p > .05). Work engagement and compassion fatigue had direct and significant effects on turnover intention (standardized direct effect = −0.40, p < .001; standard direct effect = 0.31, p < .001). Resilience affected turnover intention indirectly and significantly via the whole mediating effects of work engagement and compassion fatigue (standardized indirect effect = −0.36, p < .001).ConclusionHigher resilience leads to lower turnover intention via enhancing work engagement and reducing compassion fatigue in dialysis nurses. Nursing policies should be established to promote resilience training, enhance work engagement and reduce compassion fatigue in order to alleviate turnover intention in dialysis nurses.
Evaluating the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid on total bilirubin of neonates with glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency complicated by indirect hyperbilirubinaemia
Authors: Rezaie Mehrdad , Gholami Roya , Jafari Mahtab , Haghighinejad Hourvash 
Published: March 2021

AimThis study aimed to investigate the effect of adding ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) to phototherapy in neonates with glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and hyperbilirubinaemia. G6PD deficiency is a common cause of severe hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates.MethodsThis study was a triple blind, clinical trial study of 40 neonates with G6PD deficiency and hyperbilirubinaemia who admitted for phototherapy in hospitals affiliated to the University of Medical Sciences. The treatment group (n = 20) received UDCA 10 mg/kg (2 cc/kg) daily divided into 2 doses every 12 h. The control group (n = 20) received the same volume of placebo syrup. The drug and placebo treatments were continued until the bilirubin level dropped below 171 μmol/L. Both the control and treatment group received continuous phototherapy. Independent sample t‐test, survival analysis and logrank test were used to statistically analyse the results.ResultsThe mean total bilirubin level was 231.9 ± 18.8 μmol/L and 184.3 ± 18.6 μmol/L in the control and intervention group respectively, 24 h after drug administration and 209.7 ± 19.3 μmol/L and 157.4 ± 16.4 μmol/L, respectively, 48 h after intervention (P < 0.05). The median length of hospitalisation in the treatment group was approximately 1 day lower than the control group (logrank test P value: <0.001).ConclusionThe study showed that the addition of UDCA to phototherapy accelerates the reduction of total bilirubin level in neonates with G6PD deficiency and can reduce the duration of hospitalisation.
How official nationalism fuels labour market discrimination against migrants in the Netherlands and its institutional alternatives
Authors: Siebers Hans , Koster Marissa 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOfficial nationalism is on the rise, but its impact on relations between people with and without a migration background in institutions is under‐studied. This study, based on 55 interviews in a Dutch ministry in 2016, shows that official Dutch nationalist framings of those relations have been taken over by civil servants. These framings trigger boundary‐making between themselves and discrimination in access to career opportunities, in a climate of insecurity. However, official nationalism absorption, boundary‐making and discrimination are partially neutralized by respondents resorting to institutionally ‘nested’, work‐related and civic identities that enable cooperation, communication and fair allocation of career opportunities. Findings also highlight the exclusive continuities of various forms of imposed official nationalism, including ethno‐nationalism and multiculturalism. They all set people with migration backgrounds apart as culturally different, which foments insecurity among them. Non‐nationalist and institutionally ‘nested’ identities and procedures offer participation and inclusion to our respondents, not ethno‐nationalism nor multiculturalism.