bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overzicht van de nieuwe FIFA-regelgeving met betrekking tot het vrouwenvoetbal, coaches en intermediairs
Authors: Branco Martins Roberto , Al Arne 
Published: November 2021

Overzicht van de nieuwe FIFA regelgeving met betrekking tot het vrouwenvoetbal, coaches en intermediairs
In dit artikel gaan de auteurs in op de nieuwe regelgeving omtrent coaches en vrouwen in het internationale voetbal en zal op basis van de meest recente conceptversie van de nieuwe regelgeving voor intermediairs worden vooruitgeblikt op de naderende regelgeving met betrekking tot intermediairs.
De mislukte overname van FC Den Bosch
Authors: Schelfaut Thomas 
Published: November 2021

De mislukte overname van FC Den Bosch
Op welke wijze dienen de contractuele bepalingen van een overeenkomst te worden uitgelegd ingeval van een overname van een voetbalclub? Het gewicht van de taalkundige betekenis en de bedoeling van partijen. De precontractuele aansprakelijkheid indien een overeenkomst onder opschortende voorwaarde wordt ontbonden.Rb. Oost-Brabant 9 juni 2021, ECLI:NL:RBOBR:2021:2616 (Jordania/FC Den Bosch N.V.)
Les réseaux de distribution des voyages aux États-Unis
Authors: Sheldon Pauline J. 
Published: November 2021

The U.S. Travel distribution network is changing as less traditional intermediaries and more advanced technologies are developed to match suppliers with consumers. Computer networks are likely to become more global, more comprehensive and more accessible to all travel planners making their jobs easier. All travel planners will be presented with new challenges and demands as the travel market diversifies. The nature of the travel product will ensure the existence of travel intermediaries, however, their future success will be dependent on their ability to adapt to change.
Louis-Joseph Papineau’s Seigneurialism, Republicanism, and Jeffersonian Inclinations
Authors: Guimond Olivier 
Published: November 2021

Historians have acknowledged that Louis-Joseph Papineau’s political ideas were closely related to Jeffersonian republicanism, but no extensive analysis of this relation has yet been provided. Papineau’s fundamental position on seigneurialism has often been reduced to a supposedly egoistic refusal to endorse the abolition of seigneurial property envisioned by Patriotes in 1838. As close readings of Papineau’s correspondence and speeches reveal, his seigneurialism may be understood in light of his admiration of Jefferson and long-term inclinations for Jeffersonian republicanism. The seigneurial regime, for Papineau, was consistent with what he perceived to be the egalitarian nature of New World societies, such as Lower Canada. It also acted as a system of “free” land distribution, which, in turn, favoured the settlement of independent and virtuous citizens on whom could rest a democratic republic. Moreover, Papineau viewed seigneurialism as a good way to prepare Canadians for integration into a continental American republican society by helping preserve the highly moral character of their nationalité. Papineau’s republican seigneurialism, far from representing a paradoxical stance, was a unique form of “local” republicanism deeply rooted in a French Canadian institution and a “universal” republican ideal.
Home Spirits in the Udmurt Mythology
Authors:   Udmurt Institute of History, Language and Literature, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladykina Tatiana , Glukhova Galina ,   Institute of Udmurt Philology, Finno-Ugric Studies and Journalism
Published: November 2021

Udmurt spirits had a clear hierarchy, with each one of them functioning in their own specific field. The article investigates the spirits of domesticated space, including korkamurt, korkakuz’o, s’us’etka (lit: ‘man from/of the house, the master of the house, sus’etka’), bannik (‘bathhouse spirit’) / munchomurt, munchokuz’o (lit: ‘man from/of the bathhouse, master of the bathhouse’) and the master of the cowshed / gidmurt, gidkuz’o (lit: ‘man from/of the cowshed’).
A Systematic Investigation of Sacred Space in the Kama-Vyatka Region: Udmurt Materials
Authors:   Udmurt Institute of History, Language and Literature (UdmFRC UB RAS), Shutova Nadezhda 
Published: November 2021

This article summarises the results of long-term studies of cult places and reconstructions of sacred space at the turn of the 20th century. The studies were carried out by the Udmurt Institute of History Language and Literature, Urals Department of the Russian Academy of Science. The article starts by reflecting on the meaning of the word ‘sacred’ in Russian and Udmurt. It then explains the main approaches and research methods used when looking at spaces that have become sacred as a result of a particular activity, for example through symbolical domestication and transformation of the environment; or because of the natural, social, cultural and spiritual milieu; or as a particular creative transformation of the hierotopy, including hierophany as the presence of a divine (or mystical) component. In reconstructing the traditional sacred space of the Udmurt, we used systematic, and structural/semiotic methods. The first sees sacred space as a complicated natural, historical and cultural, religious and mythological set, while the second reveals the semantics of these cultural places, objects and rituals. We pay particular attention to the study of structure, of the main indicators and the semantics of the Udmurt traditional space at the turn of the 20th century. We have followed the means of organising sacred landscapes, which assumed the existence of networks of shrines and cult objects, a systematic organisation of ceremonies and rituals at each of them, and the holding of family and calendar rituals. We have revealed circles (levels) of sacredness (family, patronymic, conditional clan, village, regional, tribal and territorial), showing how the mythological opposition between sacred and profane is relative within each local area, existing implicitly within the limits of a wider area of sacredness. We have briefly characterised how extensive study has been of the different types of religious landscape, and the present state of the art.
An Experimental Study to determine the Impact of Active Release Technique, Core Strengthening on Pain, Muscle Stiffness, Hardness and Quality of Life on Non- Specific Low Back Pain
Authors: Vaidya Laukik , Phansopkar Pratik 
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Active Release Technique (ART), works by releasing adhesions and repairing the integrity of soft tissue, thereby extending and restoring functional flexibility entirely. Core stabilization workout (CSE) aims to treat back pain by boosting your muscular strength and stamina, strengthening muscle motor patterns to relieve low-back pain.
Aim: Aim of the study was to evaluate impact of active release technique and core strengthening on pain, mobility and quality of life on non-specific low-back pain.
Study Design: Simple random convenient sampling, envelope method
Place and Duration: A study of 40 people with non-specific low back pain and aging between 18 and 25 years was conducted at Musculoskeletal OPD, Ravi Nair Physiotherapy College, DMIMS(DU), Sawangi (Meghe), and Wardha in the duration of one year.
Procedure: In this experimental investigation, the influence of active released and impacting non-specific low back pain on suffering, muscular soreness, hardness, strength, ODI, and quality of life was determined. Both groups received hot fomentation and core strengthening, but only the ART group was actively released. The findings have been obtained from NPRS to algometer, durometer, press biofeedback, ODI, and EQ-5D-5L in pre-treatment, post-treatment, and after four weeks of data to analysed impacts.
Results: in this study both the groups showed reduction in pain, muscle tenderness, muscle hardness as well as increase in core strength and quality of life. When compared ART group shows significant improvement with p value of 0.001.
Conclusion: In this study we find that the pain threshold, muscular hardness, muscle tenderness, deficiency and quality of life of both groups improved. The ART group was proven to be more effective than the Hpk group when the two groups were compared. In the two groups, the core strength did not change greatly, perhaps after four weeks, from pre- treatment to post- treatment to 4 weeks after.
A Study to Evaluate the Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome among Adolescent Girls in Selected Higher Secondary Schools at Trivandrum with a View to Develop a Self-instructional Module
Authors: Sindhu S. , Linson C. C. 
Published: November 2021

Poly cystic ovarian syndrome is a hormonal disorder common among women of reproductive age. Women with PCOD may have infrequent or prolonged menstrual periods or excess male hormone levels. This hormone imbalances cause them to skip menstrual periods and leads to infertility. The study is attempted to assess the knowledge and attitude regarding PCOD among adolescent girls in selected higher secondary schools. The research design of the study was non experimental descriptive survey design. Study was conducted among 60 adolescent girls in selected higher secondary schools at Trivandrum. The result shows that 88.33 percent of adolescent girls have less adequate knowledge regarding PCOD and only 11.67 percent have moderately adequate knowledge and 75 percent of samples have neutral attitude, 25 percent have negative attitude and no one have positive attitude regarding PCOD. The correlation shows moderately positive correlation between knowledge and attitude. The above findings shows that adolescent girls having less adequate knowledge and negative attitude regarding PCOD, so it is important to develop a self instructional module regarding PCOD for an education program.
The Effects of Alkaloids Fraction of Cyperus esculentus on Some Biochemical Parameters and Histopathology of the Testis of Lead-Induced Toxicity
Authors: Anyanwu Godson Emeka , Hassan Luqman Adepoju , Abireh Ifeanacho Ezeteonu , Nto Nto Johnson 
Published: November 2021

Aim: This study evaluated the protective effect of alkaloids fraction of Cyperus esculentus on lead-induced testicular toxicity in Wistar rat.
Methodology: Twenty-five adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five (5) groups, (n=5). Group 1 was administered with 1ml normal saline only, group 2 was administered with 30 mg/kg of lead, group 3 was administered with 50mg/kg of alkaloids and 30 mg/kg of lead, group 4 was administered with 100 mg/kg of alkaloids and 30 mg/kg of lead, group 5 was administered 150mg/kg of alkaloids and 30 mg/kg of lead orally for 28 days. The testes of the rats were harvested on day 29 of the experiment and histological studies done using the H&E and Verhoeff-Van Gieson (VVG) stains. Sperm parameters, sex hormones and antioxidant of testicular homogenates were analysed.
Results: Histological examination of the testes revealed increased spermatogenic cells and Leydig cell proliferation in the rats in groups 3, 4, and 5 administered with 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 150 mg/kg of Alkaloids, and 30 mg/kg of lead, respectively, when compared with group 2 administered with 30 mg/kg of lead alone. Also there was significant increase in levels of serum testosterone (p < .05) in groups 3, 4, and 5 when compared with group 2. There was increase in levels of follicle stimulating hormone in groups 4, and 5 when compared with group 2. However, significant decreased in luteinizing hormone was observed in groups 3, 4 and 5. Group 2, treated with 30 mg/kg of lead only showed increased malondialdehyde levels when compared with group 1 that received 1ml normal saline. Group 3, 4, and 5, treated with 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 150 mg/kg of alkaloid plus 30 mg/kg lead, respectively, showed significant growth of seminiferous epithelium, improved sperm quality, and decreased levels of malondialdehyde (p < .05).
Conclusion: This study shows that alkaloids fraction of Cyperus esculentus may have a protective effect on the testis of Wistar rat when it is exposed to toxicity from lead.
Overview of the Updated Evidence of Multiple Endocrinal Neoplasia (MEN) in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Albishi Laila Ahmed , Hamed Nazim Faisal , Alsharari Naif Mutkhan , D. Alshammari Wurud Muteb 
Published: November 2021

MEN syndromes are a collection of autosomal dominant disease including MEN 1 and MEN 2. Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndromes are infrequent inherited disorders in which more than one endocrine glands develop noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant) tumors or grow excessively without forming tumors. There are 3 famous and well-known forms of MEN syndromes (MEN 1, MEN 2A, and MEN 2B) and a newly documented one (MEN4). These syndromes are infrequent and occurred in all ages and both men and women. MEN1 is the most often happening form of MENs. The information of MEN’s genetic alterations and the connection among genotype and phenotype could be beneficial for MEN disease management. (MEN1) implicated IN primarily by tumors of the parathyroid glands, endocrine gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) tract and anterior pituitary. Before MEN-1 can be diagnosed it must be suspected, genetic screening for MEN-1 is recommended when an individual has 2 or more MEN-1 related tumors, MEN2 associates with medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and primaryhype- rparathyroidism. MEN2A and MEN2B should be suspected in any patient diagnosed with MTC or pheochromocytoma, particularly when the age of presentation is very young (younger than 35), the genetic testing for RET proto-oncogene is employed to diagnose and identify a specific type of mutation present. Treatment is mainly surgical in most cases of multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome.
Estimation of Microbial Contamination in Fresh and Commercial Fruit Juices: A Comparative Study
Authors: James Vanessa , Panchal Hiral 
Published: November 2021

Aim and Objective: The objective of the present study is to determine microbial contamination in fresh and packaged commercial fruit juices (including a combination of Aloe vera with fruit juices) available in the Ahmedabad city of Gujarat, India.
Materials and Methods: Seventeen samples were collected from various parts of the city which includes 9 commercial fruit juice samples and 8 street vended fresh fruit juice samples. Samples were examined for Total plate count, Yeast and mould count, coliform count, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella, Enterobacteriaceae, Listeria monocytogens and Vibrio Cholerae.
Results: Commercial fruit juices do not exceed the FSSAI standards for fruit juices and are free of harmful pathogens making themsafe for human consumption. Street vended fresh fruit juice samples exceedthe FSSAI limit for Total Plate count, Yeast and mould count and Coliform count. Street vended Fresh fruit juices demonstratethepresence of Ecoli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus in 75% (6/8) samples. Enterobacteriaceae were identified in street vended fruit juices which exceeds the FSSAI standard limit.
Conclusion: The study demonstrates that commercial fruit juices were safe for human consumption but fresh juices showed significant microbial growth and harmful pathogens which must be controlled to ensure consumer’s safety and health. However regular monitoring of commercial and fresh fruit juices is recommended to avoid food borne illness resulting from pathogens encountered in the study.
Coronavirus - Drug Discovery and Therapeutic Options
Authors: Tayyab Abdul Samad , Qurban Maria , Mazhar Maryam , Tayyab Zaid , Tahir Mariam , Tayyab Zain 
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 is basically a medium size RNA virus and the nucleic acid is about 30 kb long, positive in sense, single stranded and polyadenylated. The RNA which is found in this virus is the largest known RNA and codes for a large polyprotein. In addition, coronaviruses are capable of genetic recombination if 2 viruses infect the same cell at the same time. SARS-CoV emerged first in southern China and rapidly spread around the globe in 2002–2003. In November 2002, an unusual epidemic of atypical pneumonia with a high rate of nosocomial transmission to health-care workers occurred in Foshan, Guangdong, China. In March 2003, a novel CoV was confirmed to be the causative agent for SARS, and was thus named SARS-CoV. Despite the report of a large number of virus-based and host-based treatment options with potent in vitro activities for SARS and MERS, only a few are likely to fulfil their potential in the clinical setting in the foreseeable future. Most drugs have one or more major limitations that prevent them from proceeding beyond the in vitro stage. First, many drugs have high EC50/Cmax ratios at clinically relevant dosages.
Rapid Adoption of Telemedicine in Rheumatology Care During the COVID‐19 Pandemic Highlights Training and Supervision Concerns Among Rheumatology Trainees
Authors: Yeoh Su‐Ann , Young Kristen , Putman Michael , Sattui Sebastian , Conway Richard , Graef Elizabeth , Kilian Adam , Konig Maximilian , Sparks Jeffrey , Ugarte‐Gil Manuel , Upton Laura , Berenbaum Francis , Bhana Suleman , Costello Wendy , Hausmann Jonathan , Machado Pedro , Robinson Philip , Sirotich Emily , Sufka Paul , Yazdany Jinoos , Liew Jean , Grainger Rebecca , Wallace Zachary , Jayatilleke Arundathi ,   The Global Rheumatology Alliance
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of telemedicine use during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic on rheumatology trainees.MethodsA voluntary, anonymous, web‐based survey was administered in English, Spanish, or French from August 19 to October 5, 2020. Adult and pediatric rheumatology trainees were invited to participate via social media and email. Using multiple‐choice questions and Likert scales, the survey assessed prior and current telemedicine use, impact on training, and supervision after COVID‐19 prompted rapid telemedicine implementation.ResultsSurveys were received from 302 trainees from 33 countries, with 83% in adult rheumatology training programs. Reported telemedicine use increased from 13% before the pandemic to 82% during the pandemic. United States trainees predominantly used video visits, whereas outside the United States telemedicine was predominantly audio only. Most (65%) evaluated new patients using telemedicine. More respondents were comfortable using telemedicine for follow‐up patients (69%) than for new patients (25%). Only 39% of respondents reported receiving telemedicine‐focused training, including instruction on software, clinical skills, and billing, whereas more than half of United States trainees (59%) had training. Postconsultation verbal discussion was the most frequent form of supervision; 24% reported no supervision. Trainees found that telemedicine negatively impacted supervision (50%) and the quality of clinical teaching received (70%), with only 9% reporting a positive impact.ConclusionsDespite widespread uptake of telemedicine, a low proportion of trainees received telemedicine training, and many lacked comfort in evaluating patients, particularly new patients. Inadequate supervision and clinical teaching were areas of concern. If telemedicine remains in widespread use, ensuring appropriate trainee supervision and teaching should be prioritized.
Analysis of the Immunogenicity from Abatacept‐Treated Pediatric Patients With Polyarticular‐Course Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Findings From Two Phase III Clinical Trials
Authors: Mora Johanna R. , Wong Robert , Shaikh Mehmooda , Askelson Margarita 
Published: November 2021

ObjectiveThe goal of this article is to present the analysis of anti‐abatacept antibody data from children with polyarticular‐course juvenile idiopathic arthritis (pJIA), treated with abatacept. The data are from 395 participants with pJIA from two abatacept registrational trials.MethodsWe analyzed immunogenicity data according to age groups, administration route (intravenous [IV] or subcutaneous [SC]), drug treatment interruption, and co‐medications (with or without methotrexate [MTX]) to assess impact on the incidence of anti‐abatacept antibodies.ResultsThe overall immunogenicity incidences observed in both JIA trials ranged between 4.7% and 23.3%. There was a slightly higher immunogenicity incidence in the 2–5‐year‐old participants (15.2%) compared with 6–17‐year‐old participants (4.7%). In the study with SC dosing, the overall incidence on treatment was 2.3% (3% if co‐dosed with MTX), similar to the incidence for Period A of the IV study (similar duration of treatment as the SC study), which was 2.1% (1.4% if co‐dosed with MTX). In the IV study, the period following a 6‐month interruption in treatment had comparable immunogenicity incidences (22.9% with interruption vs. 18.2% without interruption, both co‐dosed with MTX and 0% for both not co‐dosed with MTX). In most cases, participants co‐dosed with MTX had higher immunogenicity incidences than those on abatacept alone.ConclusionAlthough some trends were noted in terms of incidence according to age and MTX co‐dosing, none where conclusive owing to differences in population size. Drug holiday had no impact on immunogenicity incidence once treatment was resumed, and incidences across SC and IV dosing were comparable. There was no impact of immunogenicity on pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy.
Expanding the Repertoire of Electrospinning: New and Emerging Biopolymers, Techniques, and Applications
Authors: Madruga Liszt Y. C. , Kipper Matt J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractElectrospinning has emerged as a versatile and accessible technology for fabricating polymer fibers, particularly for biological applications. Natural polymers or biopolymers (including synthetically derivatized natural polymers) represent a promising alternative to synthetic polymers, as materials for electrospinning. Many biopolymers are obtained from abundant renewable sources, are biodegradable, and possess inherent biological functions. This review surveys recent literature reporting new fibers produced from emerging biopolymers, highlighting recent developments in the use of sulfated polymers (including carrageenans and glycosaminoglycans), tannin derivatives (condensed and hydrolyzed tannins, tannic acid), modified collagen, and extracellular matrix extracts. The proposed advantages of these biopolymer‐based fibers, focusing on their biomedical applications, are also discussed to highlight the use of new and emerging biopolymers (or new modifications to well‐established ones) to enhance or achieve new properties for electrospun fiber materials.
Strong Metal Phosphide–Phosphate Support Interaction for Enhanced Non‐Noble Metal Catalysis
Authors: Chen Zemin , Zeng Xiang , Li Xinyu , Lv Zhenxing , Li Jiong , Zhang Ying 
Published: November 2021

AbstractStrong metal‐support interaction (SMSI) is crucial for supported catalysts in heterogeneous catalysis. Here is the first report on strong metal phosphide‐phosphate support interaction (SMPSI). The key to SMPSI is the activation of P species on the support, which leads to simultaneous generation of metal phosphide nanoparticles (NPs) and core–shell nanostructures formed by support migration onto the NPs. The encapsulation state of metal phosphide and charge transfer are identical to those of classical SMSIs and can be optimally regulated. Furthermore, the strong interactions of Co2PL/MnP‐3 not only significantly enhance the anti‐oxidation and anti‐acid capability of non‐noble metal but also exhibit excellent catalytic activity and stability toward hydrogenating a wide range of compounds into value‐added fine chemicals with 100% selectivity, which is even better than Pd/C and Pt/C. The SMPSI construction can be generally extended to other systems such as Ni2PL/Mn3(PO4)2, Co2PL/LaPO4, and CoPL/CePO4. This study provides a new approach for the rational design of advanced non‐noble metal catalysts and introduce a novel paradigm for the strong interaction between NPs and support.