bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Road Database in Supporting Road Network Development Analysis for Regional Development
Authors: Amalindo Heri , Saggaff Anis , Arliansyah Joni 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Analysis of regional accessibility is very important in regional development, where good accessibility is needed to support regional development, especially for potential areas. In the accessibility analysis, it is necessary to have regional spatial data that shows the potential of the area, and accurate road network data including geometric and road network conditions required for accessibility calculations, in which the data derived from the road database were the main and accurate data source. Penukal Abab Lematang Ilir (PALI) is a new district in South Sumatra and has great plantations and mining potential. PALI District continues to develop its road network to improve regional accessibility. The road database for PALI District has been developed since 2017 and has complete road data covering162 roads with a total length of 555.85 km. This paper discusses the development of regional accessibility, through road improvement and road network development in PALI District using the existing spatial plan and road database. The calculation of accessibility was carried out using the principle of regional connectivity and considering the effect of distance and road network conditions. The network scenario was developed and the accessibility analysis provided the best road network development plan for the regional development of PALI District.
Cultural Substance Actualization in Spatial Planning: Case of Cirebon City, Indonesia
Authors: Agustina Ina Helena , Fardani Irland , Aji Riswandha Risang 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Cirebon city which located in West Java Province, is a city that is created due to the existence of a kingdom. The former kingdom cites from the past still stand until today in the form of keraton, whether its building, the king or the community. Cultural identity of keraton has not become synergic with the spatial plan of Cirebon City, and this often leads to a spatial conflict during the implementation. A conflict both in the form of function or value which is not actualized in spatial management. The synergy of space and culture could support the sustainability of a city space, as well as the sustainability of Cirebon City which is wealthy in culture. Cultural identity in the form of a space could provide attractiveness of a city as referred to the statement of UNESCO (2015). Cirebon city has not owned a legal culture-based documents that supports the implementation of the spatial plan. The aim of this paper is to formulate the concept of cultural substance in spatial planning of Cirebon City. The approach method used is qualitative method with hermeneutic approach through text. The result is the finding of a concept that shows leadership and collective awareness to the urgency of culture that is embraced by Keraton as the form of cultural identity actualization and as Cirebon city spatial planning document substance directions.
Sumatra Island Economic Cluster
Authors: Saraswati Zenia F , Pramudhita Nefertari , Pradono Prof , Sefianiz Dabi , Hidayatullah Ricky 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The growth of a region cannot be released from its position in a larger urban system. Interactions in urban systems manifest in various forms such as population migration, trade, and information exchange. These interactions then have an influence on other regions. One of the expected outcomes of urban interaction is economic growth. However, not all regions can have a positive influence in their interactions in urban systems. This influence can be seen through spatial spreads that occur in existing economic indicators. This research seeks to look at clusters of economic activity on Sumatra Island because of the urban interactions that occur. This research uses the LISA method on economic data of 172 districts under the administrative area of the island of Sumatra. It is seen that the spatial distribution of economic activity is not random. There are several clusters of economic activity following the concentration of the population on the island of Sumatra namely in the area around Medan and Lampung. This spatial arrangement has no significant change between the two years of observation. While population and quality of transportation have a strong relationship, but these two variables do not appear to have a relationship with the GDRP of transportation
Distribution of peak ground acceleration in Pandeglang Regency, Banten
Authors: Lestari D A , Fitriasari N S , Ahmad T E , Azhari D R , Rais A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Pandeglang Regency is an area prone to earthquakes because in the subduction zone of the Indo-Australian plate and the Eurasian plate in the Sunda Strait. This study analyses the average and maximum values of the Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) got from earthquakes in the period 2000 to 2020 around Pandeglang Regency with the calculation method. Gutenberg-Richter with the Richter formula combined with the intensity attenuation formula which is a function of magnitude, epicentre distance, and earthquake intensity. From the maximum PGA data, the lowest value is 273 gals, and the highest is 427.5 gals. Meanwhile, for the distribution of the average PGA value, the minimum value is 54 gals, and the maximum value is 67 gals. From the PGA data, the maximum distribution of the highest PGA value is in the center of Pandeglang Regency, and the lowest value of the PGA maximum is in the northern and southern parts of Pandeglang Regency. The PGA value is potentially damaging at the VII MMI scale, where the area with the highest vulnerability is in the sub-district Angsana, Munjul, Panimbang, and Sidangresmi with the highest PGA scores, so this sub-district has the highest risk than other districts.
Thermal properties of kenaf fiber-based nanocellulose reinforced polyurethane composites
Authors: Feborando R , Juwono A L , Roseno S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Natural fibers made into cellulose have attracted interest in the research and development of composite materials in recent years. One of them is Kenaf fiber from Sumberejo, East Java. The Kenaf fiber nanocellulose reinforced polyurethane (NC-PU) composites were prepared via in-situ polymerization. The purpose of this research is to analyze the thermal properties and morphology of PU and NC-PU composites. Then, TGA (thermogravimetric analysis), DTG (differential thermogravimetric analysis), DSC (differential scanning analysis) and SEM (scanning electron microscope) are applied to characterize PU and NC-PU composites. The addition of nanocellulose up to 7 wt.% in polyurethane was found to decrease the melting temperature of NC-PU composites and decrease the rate of decomposition. The lowest decomposition rate is attributed to the composite material of 10 wt.% NC-PU, which has a decomposition rate of 1.7 %/min, and the highest residual decomposition rate of 67 %. The addition of nanocellulose to PU also decreases the average pore size of NC-PU composites
Social vulnerability of Pandeglang Regency, Banten
Authors: Lestari D A , Fitriasari N S , Azhari D R , Ahmad T E , Rais A 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe potential for natural disasters in Pandeglang Regency is enormous considering that various kinds of disasters can occur in Pandeglang Regency. There needs to be comprehensive efforts to reduce the impact of the risk of natural disasters, one of them is by knowing the level of social vulnerability of the community in Pandeglang. Social vulnerability calculates the level of social vulnerability of the community to scenarios of natural disasters. This study aims to determine the level of social vulnerability and its distribution. Concept method of Social Vulnerability Index (SOVI) is used to measure regional vulnerability based on social indicators to disasters using the aspects of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. The variables used are population density, proportion of informal sector workers, proportion of vulnerable age population, proportion of non-permanent houses, proportion of prosperous households, proportion of high school graduates and number of social institutions. The level of vulnerability that dominates is a low vulnerability area by number 25 sub-districts or 71.42 % while there are 9 sub-districts or 25.71 % for high vulnerability areas and only 1 sub-district or 2.85 % of high vulnerability areas, namely Cimanuk District, which is in the northern part of Pandeglang Regency. Based on the value of vulnerability in several areas that still show a fairly large level of medium-high vulnerability. So, this data can be used as a recommendation as early mitigation measures to reduce the level of social vulnerability in order to reduce the impact that will later be caused.
Determination of bedrock depth in Universitas Indonesia using the seismic refraction method
Authors: Herlambang N , Riyanto A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The seismic refraction method is used to determine the exact bedrock depth for placing a foundation pole. The study was conducted in Universitas Indonesia precisely at the Fasilkom Universitas Indonesia complex. The seismic survey configuration consists of 24 geophone channels with a length of 67.5 m, geophone intervals of 2.5 m, and near offset of 10 m. The wave source was generated using a hammer, and the distance between blows was 5 m. The secondary data used was geological data from SPT (Soil Penetration Test) borehole as a reference for comparison of seismic survey results. Seismic refraction data was processed using traditional techniques, namely the Hagedoorn’s Plus-Minus Method and tomographic inversion using Rayfract software. The correlation between the results of the process with the geological data from SPT drill point shows good results. However, the Plus-Minus Haggedorn method results are only able to show one refractor because of the data limitation, in contrast to the inversion method, which was able to show more than one refractor. There are two main refractors at a depth of 6 meters and 12 meters, and the adequate depth obtained only reaches 15 m. The maximum speed obtained is also around 900 m/s. It can be concluded up to a depth of 15 meters, and there is no recommended rock layer for placement of deep foundations for high rise buildings. A seismic survey with a longer seismic line is needed to get an underground picture exceeding 15 meters.
Seismic wave attenuation in carbonate rock and its implication to hydrocarbon-bearing reservoir identification, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sadat A , Haris A , Haryono  , Riyanto A , Dharmawan G A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The heterogeneity of carbonate rock properties triggers propagated seismic wave to get some attenuations. This mechanism allows that attenuation can be applied in hydrocarbon exploration to identify lithology, porosity, fluid content and fracture identification. Unfortunately, to measure the degree of attenuation, the sophisticated tools and advanced processing technology are required. Thus, some methods were formulated to estimate attenuation. This study is aimed to estimate and compare attenuation from wireline log interpretation by using four different methods. The study is also supported by a series of exploration wells penetrating Kujung I Formation in northwestern edge of North East Java Basin, Indonesia. The result shows that only Qs from Zhang et al method is overestimate. P-wave quality factor of Klimentos and Zhang methods and scaled quality factor (SQp and SQs) method are sensitive to identify hydrocarbon. Furthermore, lithofacies also affects estimated rock quality factor. The novelty of study is to estimate and compare the attenuation from different method and review its result and application in hydrocarbon identification, especially for carbonate reservoir in North East Java basin, Indonesia. So that, a new understanding of attenuation characteristic in carbonate reservoir contributes to discriminate pore fluid identification in hydrocarbon exploration.
Distribution analysis of brittleness index, modulus young, modulus bulk, and Poisson’s ratio using the integration of refraction seismic method and MASW case study of Fasilkom UI’s new building
Authors: Rizqulloh M R , Riyanto A 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
This research was conducted by validating the results of the SPT data collection that had been previously taken using geophysical methods in the engineering and environmental fields. This study can help to determine the subsurface lithology used to find the right building foundation. This research conducting to determine the distribution of the Brittleness value and the rock mechanic parameter values below the surface of the cross-section of the refractive seismic data processing in the field of the case study of Fasilkom UI’s new building in January 2020. Analysis of the distribution of Brittleness values and rock mechanics was carried out based on the calculation of Vp and Vs values obtained from processing the results of data acquisition and supporting data in the form of data (Soil Penetration Test) SPT. The 2D cross-section of rock mechanic parameters are Poisson’s Ratio has results ranging from -1 to 0.5, bulk modulus has resulted in the range 0 to 5.4, and modulus young has resulted in the range 0 to 9.5. The distribution of Brittleness values below the surface of the first and second layers is dominated by the brittle layer, the third layer is the distribution of the brittle and ductile layers, the fourth and fifth layers are dominated by ductile layers.
Coal Bottom Ash as a Potential Adsorbent for CO2 Capture
Authors: Rani N H A , Mohamad N F , Onn M , Jalil M J , Muda N 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Coal bottom ash (CBA) is the solid residue produced from coal-fired power plant. It is classified as hazardous material, which can cause adverse effect to the environment and public health. In view of the situation, exploring and discovering possible utilization of these coal residues into value-added products has to be performed. Hence, the aim of this paper is to investigate the potential of raw CBA as an adsorbent for carbon dioxide (CO2) gas adsorption. The physicochemical characteristics of CBA were determined using ultimate and proximate analysis, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and elemental diffraction x-ray (EDX) analysis. CO2 adsorption study was conducted using simulated flue gas by pressure swing adsorption process in a fixed-bed reactor to evaluate the suitability of CBA as an adsorbent material. High carbon content in CBA makes it’s become a good precursor for production of carbonaceous adsorbent. Trace elements like calcium, silica and alumina, indicating that the material had a good adsorption capacity. The result indicated that CBA was able to adsorb CO2 with the adsorption capacity of 0.000276 mol CO2/g CBA. As a conclusion, CBA has the potential to be an adsorbent for its application in gas phase especially in CO2 adsorption.
Characterisation of microfibrils cellulose isolated from oil palm frond using high-intensity ultrasonication
Authors: Yashim M M , Mohammad M , Asim N , Fudholi A , Abd Kadir N H 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study highlighted the utilization of agricultural byproducts as an alternative fiber resource to be used as one of the materials for reinforcement biocomposite. Cellulose was extracted from oil palm frond using the alkaline treatment and successfully isolated into microfibril via the combination of carboxymethylation pre-treatment ultrasonication to get highly crystalline and good thermal stable microfibers. 4% NaOH was used during alkaline treatment and followed by oxidative bleaching with 30% H2O2. Once the extracted cellulose is chemically pre-treated with monochloroacetic acid, it was subjected to 30 minutes ultrasonication treatment to reduce its size. The detailed comparative analysis using SEM, FTIR and TGA was conducted in this work revealed some breakages of intramolecular hydrogen bonds and glycosidic bonds that occurred during the alkaline and bleaching treatment of oil palm biomass. The SEM images showed significant morphology of rigid, organized and highly ordered cellulose fibrils changed into aggregated fibril bundles of microfibrils after ultrasonication. The results from the infrared spectrums revealed that the mild alkaline treatments and oxidative bleaching were able to remove a large fraction of lignin and hemicelluloses to leave a clean cellulose sample. The isolated microfibrils cellulose exhibit good thermal stability as almost 50% of its initial mass remains at a temperature of 300 °C. These findings demonstrate that oil palm fronds can be utilized for biocomposite reinforcement applications.
Effectiveness of Annona Squamosa and Annona Muricata Seed Extracts as Ingredients in Bio-pesticides Spray
Authors: Irwan Z , Kamarudin W F W , Korish U A S A , Z N A , Rusli A S , Sallehuddin S 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Pesticides released chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) that can harm to the environment and human health. Therefore, it is a need for development of an alternative methods in pest management due to negative effects of pesticides for human health and the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Annona Squamosa and Annona Muricata seed extracts as ingredients in bio-pesticides spray on killing crickets (Gryllidae) and mealworm (Tenebriomolitor). The seeds of Annona Squamosa and Annona Muricata were dried, powdered and extracted in soxhlet’s apparatus using n-hexane as a solvent at 60°C. The extracted oil was placed in the rotary evaporator for purification process. As a result, mixture of extracts of Annona muricata and Annona squamosa induced high mortality rate to mealworm and cricket compared to extracts of Annona squamosa and extract of Annona muricata at all concentrations tested. Therefore, the extracts of these Annona muricata and Annona squamosa may be used as one of the alternatives as bio-pesticides that offer cheaper and environmentally friendly method.
Effects of Disposed-water from Barapukuria Coal Mine, Dinajpur, Bangladesh on Agriculture and Aquaculture
Authors: Rahman M T , Khan A H , Negash B M , Sultana K , Hasan M A , Askary A , Rubbi F , Das L 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
The environment is a prime concern in the mining industry because of its adverse impact on the solid, liquid, and gaseous surroundings. These three parts of the environment are directly connected to agricultural production. As the Barapukuria coal mine is located in the agricultural zone, its effects can be crucial. Previously, the impacts of the subsidence of the Barapukuria coal mining area were studied. So far, there is no significant study regarding its effects on agriculture. This research has focused on the impacts of the disposed water from the Barapukuria coal mine on the nearer aquaculture and agricultural fields. Therefore, the BOD, COD, DO, TDS, TSS, SS, residual chloride, hardness, alkalinity, carbon, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, potassium, sulphate, etc., being present in the disposed-water were analyzed in this study. The values of BOD, COD, DO, pH, TSS, TDS, and TS were lied in the best optimum range to cultivate crops and fisheries. It is also found that the disposed-water of the Barapukuria coal mine is tolerable for agriculture.
Removal of Reactive Orange 16 Dye using Casuarina equisetifolia seeds as Packing Media for Microbial Biofilm Formation
Authors: Osman W H W , Tan M M , Rashid A A A , Mohd N , Mohammad R 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Dyes effluent mostly is toxic and mutagenic to living organism. Casuarina equisetifolia seeds are usually found in coastal and have potential as a packing media for microbial biofilm formation. The present study was designed to evaluated the performance of three laboratory scale reactors namely, sequencing batch biofilm reactor (CES-SBBR), a combination of adsorption and biological process, sequencing batch biofilm reactor (FC-SBR), and packed bed reactor (CES-PBR) on the removal of RO16 dye. The CES-SBBR and CES-PBR were packed with Casuarina equisetifolia seeds. The microorganism was collected from textile industry and undergo the preadaptation period with the 2 mg/L of RO16 solutions in CES-SBBR and FC-SBR. The biomass concentration initially reduced from 0.12 to 0.03 mg/L. Upon the addition of nutrients, the biomass concentration was increased to 0.22 mg/L. The performance study of three reactors was performed with the initial concentration of RO16 solution and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2 mg/L and 24 hr, respectively. The RO16 dye removal efficiencies were in range of 80.00-82.26%. The removal efficiencies were reduced to 70.00-71.28% when the initial concentration of RO16 dye increased to 4 mg/L. The removal efficiencies were continued to reduce with only 48.06-50.00% as the initial concentration of RO16 dye increased to 6 mg/L. The removal efficiencies were improved when the HRT was extended to 48 hr. The biomass concentration of CES-SBBR and FC-SBR increased up to 0.50 and 0.33 mg/L, respectively. The RO16 removal percentage for FC-SBR and CES-PBR were found to be lower compared to as for CES-SBBR. This study shows that the combination of adsorption and biological process enhanced the removal efficiency of RO16 dye.
Optimization of AB Fertilizer for Plant Growth in Fertigation Using Central Composite Design
Authors: Draman S F S , Shukri S M , Ishak N S I , Samad A S A , Pauzi A F 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
A plant needs to consume sufficient essential nutrients for production speed. This study investigated the optimum condition for water spinach growth of wick technique fertigation. Fertigation is a fertilizer application process in which the drip system mixes fertilizer within the irrigation water. The fertilizer solution is uniformly distributed in the irrigation system. The chosen method is a hydroponic method and suitable in an urban area with no soil for planting. Fertigation is also an easy and cost-effective method. The water spinach height’s optimum condition was determined through the central composite design (CCD) as the experiment (DOE) design. The critical factors selected for this study were the concentration of AB fertilizer and wick length. Obtaining an adequate AB fertilizer concentration is crucial because it will affect the growth of water spinach. The statistical analysis based on a CCD showed that 1.5 mL of AB fertilizer concentration (volume/volume) and 12 cm of wick length were the optimum conditions to achieve the best water spinach growth in 21 days. The CCD as a response surface method was proved to help obtain optimum water spinach plant growth conditions.