bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current Practice Trends in the Surgical Management of Patellofemoral Instability: A Survey of the Paediatric Research in Sports Medicine (PRiSM) Society
Authors: VandenBerg Curtis D. , Sarkisova Natalya , Lee Pace J. , Rhodes Jason , Hidalgo Perea Sofia ,   PRiSM Patellofemoral Instability RIG Study Group, Green Daniel W. 
Published: August 2021

Purpose Patellofemoral instability (PFI) in young athletes presents both diagnostic and management dilemmas for which consensus often does not exist. The purpose of this study was to identify trends in management of PFI in children and adolescents in the United States and nationwide. Methods A 27-question multiple choice survey was distributed in 2018 to the members of the Pediatric Research in Sports Medicine (PRiSM) Society regarding treatment of PFI in paediatric and adolescent patients. Results In all, 56 of the respondents who were orthopaedic surgeons that manage patellar instability in children and adolescents and had performed PFI surgery more than five times in the past year completed the entire survey. A total of 41% of respondents reported that surgery for fragment refixation or loose body removal was indicated when a loose body or osteochondral fragment was evident, regardless of fragment size. Overall, 74% reported that if surgery was performed for an osteochondral loose body, primary repair (36%) or reconstruction (38%) of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) was also completed. A total of 89% of members reported MPFL reconstruction in the absence of alignment or rotational abnormalities, tibial tubercle lateralization or trochlear dysplasia in skeletally immature patients; 59% reported performing the MPFL reconstruction with hamstring allograft, while 30% prefer autograft (hamstring, quadriceps). For patients with significant trochlear dysplasia, 87% reported no surgical management of trochlea in first-time or in revision surgery. Conclusion There is a lack of consensus regarding optimal diagnostic and treatment algorithms in the management of PFI, however, consistent trends have emerged among paediatric sports medicine surgeons. Level of Evidence Level V – survey of expert opinion and experience
Predictors of persistent postoperative pain after surgery for idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Charalampidis Anastasios , Rundberg Lina , Möller Hans , Gerdhem Paul 
Published: August 2021

Purpose To identify factors contributing to persistent postoperative pain in patients treated surgically for idiopathic scoliosis. Methods In total, 280 patients aged ten through 25 years at surgery, were identified in the Swedish Spine registry; all having preoperative and postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) for back pain scores. The patients were divided into a high and low postoperative pain group based on the reported postoperative VAS for back pain scores (by using 45 mm on the 0 mm to 100 mm VAS scale as a cut-off). The patient-reported questionnaire included VAS for back pain, the 3-level version of EuroQol 5-dimensional (EQ-5D-3L) instrument, the EuroQol VAS (EQ-VAS) and the Scoliosis Research Society 22r instrument (SRS-22r). Predictors of postoperative back pain were searched in the preoperative data. Results The 67 (24%) patients that reported high postoperative VAS back pain (> 45 mm) also reported lower postoperative EQ-5D-3L, EQ-VAS and SRS-22r than patients with low postoperative VAS back pain (all p < 0.001). Two preoperative variables were independently associated with postoperative pain; each millimetre increase in preoperative VAS back pain (on the 0 mm to 100 mm scale) was associated with a higher risk of being in the high postoperative back pain group (odds ratio (OR) 1.03; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02 to 1.05) and each 1 point decrease on the preoperative SRS-22r mental health (scale from 1 to 5) was associated with a higher risk of being in the high postoperative back pain group (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.03 to 2.73). Conclusion High preoperative back pain and low preoperative mental health are independent predictors of back pain after surgery for idiopathic scoliosis. Level of Evidence III
Impact of IRS: Four-years of entomological surveillance of the Indian Visceral Leishmaniases elimination programme
Authors: Deb Rinki , Singh Rudra Pratap , Mishra Prabhas Kumar , Hitchins Lisa , Reid Emma , Barwa Arti Manorama , Patra Debanjan , Das Chandrima , Sukla Indranil , Srivastava Ashish Kumar , Raj Shilpa , Mishra Swikruti , Swain Madhuri , Mondal Swapna , Mandal Udita , Foster Geraldine M. , Trett Anna , Garrod Gala , McKenzie Laura , Ali Asgar , Morchan Karthick , Chaudhuri Indrajit , Roy Nupur , Gill Naresh K. , Singh Chandramani , Agarwal Neeraj , Sharma Sadhana , Stanton Michelle C. , Hemingway Janet , Srikantiah Sridhar , Coleman Michael 
Published: August 2021

Background
In 2005, Bangladesh, India and Nepal agreed to eliminate visceral leishmaniasis (VL) as a public health problem. The approach to this was through improved case detection and treatment, and controlling transmission by the sand fly vector Phlebotomus argentipes, with indoor residual spraying (IRS) of insecticide. Initially, India applied DDT with stirrup pumps for IRS, however, this did not reduce transmission. After 2015 onwards, the pyrethroid alpha-cypermethrin was applied with compression pumps, and entomological surveillance was initiated in 2016.

Methods
Eight sentinel sites were established in the Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal. IRS coverage was monitored by household survey, quality of insecticide application was measured by HPLC, presence and abundance of the VL vector was monitored by CDC light traps, insecticide resistance was measured with WHO diagnostic assays and case incidence was determined from the VL case register KAMIS.

Results
Complete treatment of houses with IRS increased across all sites from 57% in 2016 to 70% of houses in 2019, rising to >80% if partial house IRS coverage is included (except West Bengal). The quality of insecticide application has improved compared to previous studies, average doses of insecticide on filters papers ranged from 1.52 times the target dose of 25mg/m2 alpha-cypermethrin in 2019 to 1.67 times in 2018. Resistance to DDT has continued to increase, but the vector was not resistant to carbamates, organophosphates or pyrethroids. The annual and seasonal abundance of P. argentipes declined between 2016 to 2019 with an overall infection rate of 0.03%. This was associated with a decline in VL incidence for the blocks represented by the sentinel sites from 1.16 per 10,000 population in 2016 to 0.51 per 10,000 in 2019.

Conclusion
Through effective case detection and management reducing the infection reservoirs for P. argentipes in the human population combined with IRS keeping P. argentipes abundance and infectivity low has reduced VL transmission. This combination of effective case management and vector control has now brought India within reach of the VL elimination targets.
Home delivery practice and its predictors in South Ethiopia
Authors: Hailu Dejene , Tadele Henok , Tadesse Birkneh Tilahun , Alemayehu Akalewold , Abuka Teshome , Woldegebriel Fitsum , Gedefaw Abel , Mengesha Selamawit , Haji Yusuf 
Published: August 2021

Background
Institutional delivery is one of the key interventions to reduce maternal death. It ensures safe birth, reduces both actual and potential complications, and decreases maternal and newborn death. However, a significant proportion of deliveries in developing countries like Ethiopia are home deliveries and are not attended by skilled birth attendants. We investigated the prevalence and determinants of home delivery in three districts in Sidama administration, Southern Ethiopia.

Methods
Between 15–29 October 2018, a cross sectional survey of 507 women who gave birth within the past 12 months was conducted using multi-stage sampling. Sociodemographic and childbirth related data were collected using structured, interviewer administered tools. Univariate and backward stepwise multivariate logistic regression models were run to assess independent predictors of home delivery.

Results
The response rate was 97.6% (495). In the past year, 22.8% (113), 95% confidence interval (CI) (19%, 27%) gave birth at home. Rural residence, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 13.68 (95%CI:4.29–43.68); no maternal education, aOR = 20.73(95%CI:6.56–65.54) or completed only elementary school, aOR = 7.62(95% CI: 2.58–22.51); unknown expected date of delivery, aOR = 1.81(95% CI: 1.03–3.18); being employed women (those working for wage and self-employed), aOR = 2.79 (95%CI:1.41–5.52) and not planning place of delivery, aOR = 26.27, (95%CI: 2.59–266.89) were independently associated with place of delivery.

Conclusion
The prevalence of institutional delivery in the study area has improved from the 2016 Ethiopian Demography Health Survey report of 26%. Uneducated, rural and employed women were more likely to deliver at home. Strategies should be designed to expand access to and utilization of institutional delivery services among the risky groups.
(Re)imagining African Independence: Film, Visual Arts, and the Fall of the Portuguese Empire, Maria Do Carmo Piçarra and Teresa Castro (eds) (2017)
Authors: Gastrow Claudia 
Published: August 2021

Review of: (Re)imagining African Independence: Film, Visual Arts, and the Fall of the Portuguese Empire, Maria Do Carmo Piçarra and Teresa Castro (eds) (2017)
Oxford: Peter Lang, 287 pp.,
ISBN: 978-1-78707-318-0, p/bk, $33
Educação Inclusiva no Ensino de Crianças Autistas: Uma Revisão de Literatura com foco na Igualdade de Oportunidades / Inclusive Education in Teaching Autistic Children: A Literature Review Focusing on Equal Opportunities
Authors: Ifadireó Miguel Melo , Rocha Alyne Andrelyna Lima , Ferreira Francisco Renato Silva , Bitu Vanessa De Carvalho Nilo 
Published: August 2021

Resumo – É crescente na contemporaneidade o aumento de demandas nas mais distintas ciências em relação à inclusão de crianças com alguma deficiência. O objetivo geral deste ensaio acentua algumas discussões sobre a igualdade de oportunidades no ensino com crianças autistas sob o foco da educação inclusiva. Sendo assim, percebe-se que a inclusão não pode mais ser vista como um mistério distante, mas como um projeto social humanista de trabalho que traz consigo muitas opções. A epistemologia utilizada está inserida dentro dos métodos de pesquisa de natureza qualitativa através de uma revisão crítica de literatura no ensino de crianças autistas. Assim, se foi feito uso de distintos estudos prévios em bancos de teses, dissertações e plataformas de periódicos - tais como os de Silvia Lucía Baetti, María de los Ángeles Matos e Maria Belén Prieto (2019), Aldo Ferreres e Valeria Abusamra (2019), Mayra Gaiato e Gustavo Teixeira (2018), Sílvia Orrú (2016) e Alicia Colatto (2013) entre outros – que objetivaram ressignificar suas abordagens teóricas, visando assim, a melhoria e o sucesso nas condições de ensino e de aprendizagem envolvendo pessoas com autismo no cotidiano escolar. Os achados permitiram asseverar que os objetivos da educação inclusiva poderiam ultrapassar os limites de viabilidade e visibilidade da questão, ultrapassando por cima da própria resiliência do docente, seja em seus aspectos e abordagens teóricas, seja na implementação de atividades inclusivas adaptadas no cotidiano diário da sala de aula.
Planejamento Cirúrgico de Terceiros Molares em Relação com o Canal Mandibular: Revisão de Literatura / Surgical Planning of Third Molars in Relation to the Mandibular Canalus: Literature Review
Authors: Oliveira Ramantier Moreira Dacttes , Ferreira Neto Milton D Almeida 
Published: August 2021

Resumo: O planejamento cirúrgico em Odontologia consiste na realização de um estudo do caso de forma prévia antes da realização do ato, em que é percebido os sinais e sintomas que o paciente apresenta, elaborando o quadro clínico, juntamente com exames de imagem que auxiliem o diagnóstico do quadro patológico. Objetivo: objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre o ato cirúrgico em terceiros molares em relação ao canal mandibular. Material e Métodos: A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada online, utilizando a ferramenta de busca Google Acadêmico e outras bases de dados eletrônicas, considerando estudos publicados dos anos 2014 a 2019. Revisão de literatura: caso exista indicação para a remoção via ato cirúrgico, é feito um planejamento dessa intervenção, através da clínica e dos exames de imagem que visam antecipar possíveis complicações e riscos durante o procedimento cirúrgico. Considerações finais: O domínio das técnicas cirúrgicas, a realização de uma anamnese completa, um planejamento minucioso, os cuidados durante o ato e o acompanhamento do paciente, constituem elementos imprescindíveis para a minimização de riscos e complicações durante a exodontia dos terceiros molares.
Fashioning Nationalism and the Shaping of the Public Sphere in 1950s Nigeria
Authors: Kunstmann Rouven 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
This article analyses the changing public sphere in the 1950s from the perspective of Nigerian newspapers, such as the West African Pilot, the Nigerian Tribune, the Daily Service, the Akede Eko, and the Daily Times. Because a central feature of the public sphere was the self-fashioning of politicians and journalists, this article addresses different tenets of emerging postcolonial subjectivities. Journalists expressed a multitude of nationalist ideas, used commemoration to strengthen claims of representing the national interest, and drew on anticolonial support from abroad. In terms of methodology, the focus on photographs in newspapers and their relationships with captions and articles offers a new lens through which to view this multiplicity of historical processes in the burgeoning field of visual decolonization.
Cet article analyse l’évolution de la sphère publique dans les années 1950 du point de vue des journaux nigérians, tels que le West African Pilot, le Nigerian Tribune, le Daily Service, l’Akede Eko et le Daily Times. Une des caractéristiques centrales de la sphère publique étant l’auto-façonnage des politiciens et des journalistes, cet article aborde différents principes des subjectivités postcoloniales émergentes. Les journalistes ont exprimé une multitude d’idées nationalistes, utilisé la commémoration pour renforcer les revendications de représentation de l’intérêt national et se sont appuyés sur le soutien anticolonial provenant de l’étranger. En termes de méthodologie, la focalisation sur les photographies dans les journaux et leurs relations avec les légendes et les articles offre une nouvelle optique à travers lequel voir cette multiplicité de processus historiques dans le domaine florissant de la décolonisation visuelle.
Analysis of the efficacy of liquid-based cytology combined with HPV genotypes in screening cervical lesions in women of different ages
Authors: Jin Jun , Yue Chao-Yan 
Published: August 2021

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the value of liquid-based cell examination combined with human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Methods
A total of 21,155 patients who had undergone cytology, HPV genotypes and colposcopy-guided biopsy were grouped into three groups. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the test methods of the three groups were compared.

Results
In the age group of less than 50 years, the sensitivity of HPV genotype testing was significantly higher than that of liquid-based cytology. The specificity of liquid-based cytology was significantly higher in all age groups than that of HPV genotype testing. The positive predictive value of each test index was higher in the age group less than 30 years, and the negative predictive value was higher in the 30–50-year age groups. In different age groups, liquid-based cytology and HPV genotype combined method can improve the sensitivity of detection and negative predictive values.

Conclusions
The HPV test has higher sensitivity and negative predictive value, and the cytology method is relatively specific and less sensitive. The combined method has better sensitivity and negative predictive value.
Creep model to determine rut development by autonomous truck axles on pavement
Authors: Fahad Mohammad , Nagy Richard , Fuleki Peter 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Impacts of autonomous truck’s passes on pavement have been analyzed in this research. Two types of lateral positioning namely zero wander and uniform wander along with a super single wide tire and a dual tire have been analyzed with variable traffic speeds in ABQUS. The study concludes with the results in favor of usage of a super single wide tire under a uniform wander mode. The highest amount of pavement damage in terms of maximum rut depth is caused by the dual wheel assembly moving under a zero-wander mode. The magnitude of rut depth increases by a factor of two when a dual tire assembly is used instead of a wide tire assembly. At a uniform wander mode, rut depth increases by 0.2 mm for every 10 km/h decrease in traffic speed within 90 km/h to 70 km/h range.
Revealing momentum-dependent electron–phonon and phonon–phonon coupling in complex materials with ultrafast electron diffuse scattering
Authors: Dürr Hermann A. , Ernstorfer Ralph , Siwick Bradley J. 
Published: August 2021

Abstract
Despite their fundamental role in determining many important properties of materials, detailed momentum-dependent information on the strength of electron–phonon and phonon–phonon coupling across the entire Brillouin zone has remained elusive. Ultrafast electron diffuse scattering (UEDS) is a recently developed technique that is making a significant contribution to these questions. Here, we describe both the UEDS methodology and the information content of ultrafast, photoinduced changes in phonon-diffuse scattering from single-crystal materials. We present results obtained from Ni, WSe2, and TiSe2, materials that are characterized by a complex interplay between electronic (charge, spin) and lattice degrees of freedom. We demonstrate the power of this technique by unraveling carrier–phonon and phonon–phonon interactions in both momentum and time and following nonequilibrium phonon dynamics in detail on ultrafast time scales. By combining ab initio calculations with ultrafast diffuse electron scattering, insights into electronic and magnetic dynamics that impact UEDS indirectly can also be obtained.

Graphic Abstract
Kebutuhan Energi Untuk Pengolahan Bauksit di Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Liun Edwaren , Nurlaila Nurlaila 
Published: August 2021

KEBUTUHAN ENERGI UNTUK PENGOLAHAN BAUKSIT DI KALIMANTAN BARAT. Mineral bauksit yang terkandung di tanah Kalimantan Barat mempunyai potesi ekonomi jika diolah menjadi bahan baku (alumina) atau menjadi aluminium sehingga mempunyai nilai tambah yang tinggi. Pengolahan bauksit hingga grade aluminium meliputi tahap transformasi kimia antara lain pencucian, peleburan dan elektrolisis. Untuk pengolahan bauksit dilakukan dengan membangun smelter untuk mengolah bijih (bauksit) hingga menjadi bahan baku industri aluminium berupa alumina. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan energi berupa panas dan listrik pada pabrik alumina. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah penelusuran pustaka dan analisis benchmarking dengan melakukan perhitungan pada setiap langkah proses yang melibatkan data dan formula terkait. Perhitungan mencakup kuantitas energi panas, energi listrik dan aspek yang terkait dengan sumber energi yang dibutuhkan seperti batubara, energi nuklir dan energi lainnya bagi pembangkit listrik di masa mendatang untuk mendukung industri ini. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh bahwa kebutuhan energi setara untuk grade alumina adalah pada kisar 611 ribu ton batubara untuk menghasilkan satu juta ton alumina. Pengolahan dari alumina menjadi satu juta ton aluminium per tahun membutuhkan ketersediaan pembangkit listrik sebesar 2 ribu MW. Besarnya kebutuhan energi listrik untuk mencapai grade aluminium membutuhkan pembangkit berskala besar yang kemungkinannya akan terpenuhi oleh PLTN berskala besar karena wilayah ini mengandung kekayaan uranium sedangkan batubara dan sumber energi fosil lainnya tidak tersedia secara memadai.
A Review on the Effect of Anxiety on Academic Performance in Medical and Paramedical Students
Authors: Shooraj Mahdi , Mahdavi Seif Ali 
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Test anxiety is one of the most important phenomenon and main concerns in educational contexts all over the world that influence on students’ presentation. Likewise, apprehension among medical and paramedical students deserves superior consideration due to its important implications. Medical and paramedical universities are known as a stressful situation that often has an undesirable result on students’ educational enactment, physical health, and psychosocial health. The purpose of this investigation is to review the existing studies on the prevalence of depression and anxiety among medical and paramedical students attending the universities in Iranian or foreign academic context, to investigate different out comes in this regard.
Material and Methods: In the current study, the databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, SID, and Magiran were investigated and related articles were reviewed.
Results: The findings revealed that students’ gender, academic level of study and self-efficacy are effective factors influencing the students’ test anxiety.
Conclusion: It seems crucial to take an effective action for managing anxiety in medical and paramedical academic context. Consequently, the current investigation is useful for practitioners and educational administrators in medical education context.
The polonaise from the film Pan Tadeusz directed by Andrzej Wajda as a choreographic work protected by copyright
Authors: Brzózka Katarzyna 
Published: August 2021

Choreographic work was the object of copyright protection under the Berne Convention, as revised at Berlin in 1908, as well as under the historical Polish copyright legislations — the 1926 Act (as an original, “not based on any existing work of art” work of “rhythmic art (choreography)”) and the 1952 Act (as a “work of choreographic art” preserved in “scenarios, drawings or photographs”). It was also included, as a “choreographic work”, in the exemplary catalogue of works protected under the Act of 4 February 1994 on Copyright and Related Rights (“the Copyright Act”), currently in force. The purpose of this paper, due to limited framework, is to analyse some basic concepts related to the conditions that a movement composition shall meet in order to qualify as a choreographic work in the meaning of the Copyright Act. It is shown based on the polonaise from the film Pan Tadeusz, directed by Andrzej Wajda. This choice allows to introduce threads related to folklore as well as the use of unprotected pieces of the public domain in choreographies into the discussion. Moreover, the article briefly presents the correlation between choreographic work and other intellectual works — literary, musical, and audiovisual.