bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical impact of bloodstream infection on acute cholecystitis indicated for emergency cholecystectomy
Authors: Hanabata Yusuke , Yamanaka Kenya , Shinkura Akina , Kurimoto Makoto , Aoki Hikaru , Harada Kaichiro , Kayano Masashi , Tashima Misaki , Tamura Jun 
Published: October 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe significance of blood culture for acute cholecystitis remains unclear.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent emergency cholecystectomy at Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center to examine the clinical impact of bloodstream infection (BSI), focusing on the association of BSI with bactibilia and severity grade based on the Tokyo guidelines 2018 (TG18).ResultsAmong 177 patients included in the study, 32 had positive and 145 had negative BSI. Significant differences were observed between the positive and negative BSI in terms of age, body mass index (BMI), the American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA‐PS) and TG18 severity score. The odds ratios of BSI for patients aged ≥72 years, with a BMI of ≤21.8, an ASA‐PS of ≥3E, and grade III acute cholecystitis were 3.45, 3.23, 2.43 and 4.51, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, lower BMI and grade III were significantly associated with BSI with odds ratios of 2.53 (95% confidence interval: 1.07‐6.21, P = .037) and 3.03 (95% confidence interval: 1.02‐8.82, P = .041). Bacterial species that could not be isolated in the bile culture alone were identified in blood culture on 10 (38.5%) of 26 patients.ConclusionsBloodstream infection is associated with grade III acute cholecystitis. Blood culture enables the identification of bacteria that cannot be isolated in bile culture. Blood culture should be obtained for patients with grade III acute cholecystitis who undergo emergency cholecystectomy.
Base promoted CuFe2O4 catalyzed one‐pot synthesis of 3,5‐diaryl‐1H‐pyrazoles
Authors: Bhuyan Pubanita , Saikia Lakhinath 
Published: October 2021

AbstractAvailable synthetic protocols for 3,5‐diaryl‐1H‐pyrazoles generally demand long reaction time. Herein, we are reporting a CuFe2O4 catalyzed synthetic procedure for the same that delivers products in significantly reduced time starting from tosylhydrazones of aromatic aldehydes and terminal alkynes. Under the reaction condition, tosylhydrazone generates diazo compound in situ, which then undergoes [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction with the terminal alkyne followed by [1,3]‐H shift to deliver the final products in 72%–85% isolated yield. Magnetically active CuFe2O4 nanoparticles can be recovered very easily after the completion of the reaction and can be reused up to fifth cycle without significant loss in its catalytic activity. Operational simplicity of the methodology along with tolerability of various functional groups as well as easy recovery and high reusability of CuFe2O4 nanoparticles make the procedure a practical and handy one for the synthesis of 3,5‐diaryl‐1H‐pyrazoles.
Analysis of Determinants of Postoperative Satisfaction After Rhinoplasty
Authors: de Souza Olívia E. , Lavinsky‐Wolff Michelle , Migliavacca Raphaella O. , de Azeredo Andreza M. , Colognese Gabbardo Ana V. , Velho Joanna S. 
Published: October 2021

Objectives/HypothesisTo analyze different variables that influence postrhinoplasty quality of life outcomes to ascertain the determinants of postoperative satisfaction.Study DesignProspective, observational study.MethodsThis was a prospective, observational study where patients were divided into two groups based on the postoperative Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation (ROE) score: high satisfaction group, when postoperative ROE scores were >50, and low satisfaction group, when postoperative ROE scores were ≤50. Patients' general characteristics, Portuguese version of the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE‐p) score, the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Examination, nasal angles, and measures from the esthetic facial analysis of postoperative photographs were compared between the groups.ResultsSeventy‐eight patients were included: 19 in the low satisfaction group and 58 in the high satisfaction group. The median reduction in the NOSE‐p score was −45 (interquartile range [IIQ] −20 to −60) (P < .001) in the high satisfaction group and −10 (IIQ −10 to −30) in the low satisfaction group (P = .053). The high satisfaction group had a significantly higher reduction in NOSE‐p scores. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the analyzed facial parameters, although a significant difference was found when comparing them with the ones established in the literature as a pattern. Previous rhinoplasty, preoperative crooked nose, and higher NOSE‐p scores were significantly associated with lower ROE scores (P < .05) in the robust Poisson regression model.ConclusionFunctional results play an important role in satisfaction after rhinoplasty. Neoclassical canons were not fulfilled even in a group of patients with a high postoperative satisfaction evaluation.Level of Evidence3Laryngoscope, 132:1569–1575, 2022
Triterpenoid ursolic acid drives metabolic rewiring and epigenetic reprogramming in treatment/prevention of human prostate cancer
Authors: Li Shanyi , Wu Renyi , Wang Lujing , Dina Kuo Hsiao‐Chen , Sargsyan Davit , Zheng Xi , Wang Yujue , Su Xiaoyang , Kong Ah‐Ng 
Published: November 2021

AbstractUrsolic acid (UA) is a triterpenoid phytochemical with a strong anticancer effect. The metabolic rewiring, epigenetic reprogramming, and chemopreventive effect of UA in prostate cancer (PCa) remain unknown. Herein, we investigated the efficacy of UA in PCa xenograft, and its biological effects on cellular metabolism, DNA methylation, and transcriptomic using multi‐omics approaches. The metabolomics was quantified by liquid‐chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC‐MS) while epigenomic CpG methylation in parallel with transcriptomic gene expression was studied by next‐generation sequencing technologies. UA administration attenuated the growth of transplanted human VCaP‐Luc cells in immunodeficient mice. UA regulated several cellular metabolites and metabolism‐related signaling pathways including S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM), methionine, glucose 6‐phosphate, CDP‐choline, phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis, glycolysis, and nucleotide sugars metabolism. RNA‐seq analyses revealed UA regulated several signaling pathways, including CXCR4 signaling, cancer metastasis signaling, and NRF2‐mediated oxidative stress response. Epigenetic reprogramming study with DNA Methyl‐seq uncovered a list of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with UA treatment. Transcriptome‐DNA methylome correlative analysis uncovered a list of genes, of which changes in gene expression correlated with the promoter CpG methylation status. Altogether, our results suggest that UA regulates metabolic rewiring of metabolism including SAM potentially driving epigenetic CpG methylation reprogramming, and transcriptomic signaling resulting in the overall anticancer chemopreventive effect.
Self‐healing behavior in blends of PDMS‐based polyurethane ionomers
Authors: Da Via Federico , Suriano Raffaella , Boumezgane Oussama , Grande Antonio M. , Tonelli Claudio , Turri Stefano 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIonic interactions offer the highest non‐covalent cohesive strength in supramolecular assemblies. In spite of that, they have been consistently underestimated in the development of self‐healing materials due to their lack of directionality and association specificity. In this paper, ionic moieties are introduced as side‐chain pendants in poly(urea‐urethane) siloxane‐based polymers, aiming to obtain a strong yet flexible elastomer with the capability to recover from a damaged state. The synthesis was carried out by a two‐step polymerization involving polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) diamine‐terminated, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and a chain extender providing the required ionic functionality. Internal phase separation allowed the material to show its elastomeric behavior. After preparation of the blend by mechanical mixing, the formation of ionic interactions was checked for by FT‐IR spectroscopy, rheological analysis and tensile tests. Healing of notch damage was evaluated both with respect to tensile strength and fracture toughness. At room temperature (21°C) and humidity (30% RH) the maximum recovery measured at 14 days was 47%. Self‐healing dependence on humidity and temperature was assessed, resulting in further improvements (up to 100%) as molecular mobility was increased by both conditions.
Semimechanistic models to relate noxious stimulation, movement, and pupillary dilation responses in the presence of opioids
Authors: Marco‐Ariño Nicolás , Vide Sergio , Agustí Mercè , Chen Andrew , Jaramillo Sebastián , Irurzun‐Arana Itziar , Pacheco Adrià , Gonzalez Carmen , Jensen Erik W. , Capsi‐Morales Patricia , Valencia José F. , Troconiz Iñaki F. , Gambus Pedro L. , Larson Merlin D. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractIntraoperative targeting of the analgesic effect still lacks an optimal solution. Opioids are currently the main drug used to achieve antinociception, and although underdosing can lead to an increased stress response, overdose can also lead to undesirable adverse effects. To better understand how to achieve the optimal analgesic effect of opioids, we studied the influence of remifentanil on the pupillary reflex dilation (PRD) and its relationship with the reflex movement response to a standardized noxious stimulus. The main objective was to generate population pharmacodynamic models relating remifentanil predicted concentrations to movement and to pupillary dilation during general anesthesia. A total of 78 patients undergoing gynecological surgery under general anesthesia were recruited for the study. PRD and movement response to a tetanic stimulus were measured multiple times before and after surgery. We used nonlinear mixed effects modeling to generate a population pharmacodynamic model to describe both the time profiles of PRD and movement responses to noxious stimulation. Our model demonstrated that movement and PRD are equally depressed by remifentanil. Using the developed model, we changed the intensity of stimulation and simulated remifentanil predicted concentrations maximizing the probability of absence of movement response. An estimated effect site concentration of 2 ng/ml of remifentanil was found to inhibit movement to a tetanic stimulation with a probability of 81%.
Detection of rare nematode resistance Rhg1 haplotypes in Glycine soja and a novel Rhg1 α‐SNAP
Authors: Grunwald Derrick J. , Zapotocny Ryan W. , Ozer Seda , Diers Brian W. , Bent Andrew F. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThis study pursued the hypothesis that wild plant germplasm accessions carrying alleles of interest can be identified using available single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes for particular alleles of other (unlinked) genes that contribute to the trait of interest. The soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines [HG]) resistance locus Rhg1 is widely used in farmed soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. The two known resistance‐conferring haplotypes, rhg1‐a and rhg1‐b, typically contain three or seven to 10 tandemly duplicated Rhg1 segments, respectively. Each Rhg1 repeat carries four genes, including Glyma.18G022500, which encodes unusual isoforms of the vesicle‐trafficking chaperone α‐SNAP. Using SoySNP50K data for NSFRAN07 allele presence, we discovered a new Rhg1 haplotype, rhg1‐ds, in six accessions of wild soybean, Glycine soja Siebold & Zucc. (0.5% of the ∼1,100 G. soja accessions in the USDA collection). The α‐SNAP encoded by rhg1‐ds is unique at an important site of amino acid variation and shares with the rhg1‐a and rhg1‐b α‐SNAP proteins the traits of cytotoxicity and altered N‐ethylmaleimide sensitive factor (NSF) protein interaction. Copy number assays indicate three repeats of rhg1‐ds. G. soja PI 507613 and PI 507623 exhibit resistance to HG type 2.5.7 SCN populations, in part because of contributions from other loci. In a segregating F2 population, rhg1‐b and rhg1‐ds made statistically indistinguishable contributions to resistance to a partially virulent HG type 2.5.7 SCN population. Hence, the unusual multigene copy number variation Rhg1 haplotype was present but rare in ancestral G. soja and was present in accessions that offer multiple traits for SCN resistance breeding. The accessions were initially identified for study based on an unlinked SNP.
Separation of Cadmium Using a new Adsorbent of Modified Chitosan with Pyridine Dicarboxyamide derivative and application in different samples
Authors: Garoub Mohannad , Gado Mohamed 
Published: October 2021

AbstractPyridine di‐carboxyamide derivative coupled chitosan (CTPO) is a new adsorbent prepared by coupling N2,N6‐dicarbamothioylpyridine‐2,6‐dicarboxamide with chitosan, which offers an excellent synergistic effect for the extraction of cadmium ions. FT‐IR, X‐ray diffraction, and thermal analysis techniques were used to characterize the modified new chitosan adsorbent. The Langmuir isotherm model accurately represents the adsorption effect with a maximum adsorption capacity of 307 mg/g. It was noted that the adsorption or up‐taking process of cadmium ions corresponded more closely to the pseudo‐second order instead of pseudo‐first order kinetic. The thermodynamic tools ΔS, ΔH and ΔG were also evaluated indicating endothermic and spontaneous adsorption process with a randomness increasing. The prepared new adsorbent is successfully used to extract cadmium ions from the actual leach liquor of Wadi Um‐Gheig ore sample.
Why Does Making Connections Through Resilience Indicators Matter?
Authors: Le Tissier Martin , Whyte Hester 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe year 2015 saw the adoption of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the Paris Agreement. These landmark UN agreements both characterise and present the opportunity for developing integrated responses and coherence to the challenges bridging development, humanitarian, climate and disaster risk reduction areas. This chapter will provide examples of experiences and best practices from the international arena that identify how approaches to SDGs, Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and Management (DRM), and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) are juxtaposed, and the policy instruments currently in place that address SDG, DRR and CCA activities and actions. The text will consider opportunities for developing a concept of resilience that integrates SDG, DRR and CCA frameworks in response to global challenges, thereby constituting a development continuum instead of a series of independent and isolated phenomena. It will also identify and characterise opportunities for synergies across the different domains for community and sector vulnerability at local, national and international scales through integrated reporting across agreements.
TGF-β orchestrates the phenotype and function of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in colorectal cancer
Authors: Gneo Luciana , Rizkalla Nagy , Hejmadi Rahul , Mussai Francis , de Santo Carmela , Middleton Gary 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBackgroundMonocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) are significantly expanded in the blood of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, their presence and underlying mechanisms in the tumour microenvironment of CRC have not been examined in detail.MethodsTumour tissues and peripheral blood from CRC patients were analysed for the presence of M-MDSCs. The mechanisms of suppression were analysed by blocking pathways by which MDSCs abrogate T cell proliferation. Co-culture of CRC cells with monocytes were performed with and without cytokine blocking antibodies to determine the mechanism by which CRC cells polarise monocytes. Multi-spectral IHC was used to demonstrate the intra-tumoral location of M-MDSCs.ResultsTumour tissues and blood of CRC patients contain M-MDSCs which inhibit T cell proliferation. Whilst inhibition of arginase and nitric oxide synthase 2 fail to rescue T cell proliferation, blockade of IL-10 released by these HLA-DR−cells abrogates the suppresivity of M-MDSCs. Tumour conditioned media (TCM) significantly reduces HLA-DR expression, increases IL-10 release from monocytes and causes them to become suppressive. TGF-β is highly expressed in the TCM and accumulates in the plasma. TGF-β reduces HLA-DR expression and drives monocyte immunosuppressivity. The invasive margin of CRC is enriched in CD14+HLA-DR−cells in close proximity to T cells.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates the cross-talk between CRC cells, M-MDSCs and T cells. Characterisation of CRC M-MDSCs point to therapeutic avenues to target these cells in addition to TGF-β blockade.
Performance of three colposcopic images for the identification of squamous and glandular cervical precursor neoplasias
Authors: Fachetti-Machado Giselle , Figueiredo-Alves Rosane Ribeiro , Moreira Marise Amaral Rebouças 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate prevalence and diagnostic performance of three colposcopic images to diagnose squamous and glandular cervical precursor neoplasias.

Methods
Cross-sectional study, conducted through analysis of stored digital colposcopic images. To evaluate the diagnostic performance of three images, herein named grouped glands, aceto-white villi, and atypical vessels, for detection of adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN) grades 2 and 3, calculations of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive likelihood ratio, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and area under the curve (AUC) were made, with their respective 95% confidence intervals.

Results
Grouped glands, aceto-white villi, and atypical vessels images had: prevalence of 21.3, 53.8, and 33.8% in patients with AIS, and 16.2, 19.5, and 9.3% in those with CIN 2 and 3; for the diagnosis of AIS, sensitivity of 21.3, 53.8, and 33.8%, specificity of 89.8, 95.2, and 94.9%, accuracy of 76.6, 87.2, and 83.1%, positive likelihood ratio of 2.1, 11.2, and 6.6, and AUC of 0.55, 0.74, and 0.64; for the diagnosis of CIN 2 and 3, sensitivity of 16.2, 19.5, and 9.3%, specificity of 89.8, 95.2, and 94.9%, accuracy of 39.4, 43.4, and 36.3%, positive likelihood ratio of 1.6, 4.1, and 1, 8, and AUC of 0.53, 0.57, and 0.52, respectively.

Conclusion
Prevalence and accuracy of the three images were higher for the diagnosis of glandular than squamous cervical precursor neoplasias. Sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood, and AUC of aceto-white villi and atypical vessels images were higher for the diagnosis of glandular than squamous cervical precursor neoplasias.
Fast and multiscale formation of isogeometric matrices of microstructured geometric models
Authors: Hirschler T. , Antolin P. , Buffa A. 
Published: October 2021

AbstractThe matrix formation associated to high-order discretizations is known to be numerically demanding. Based on the existing procedure of interpolation and lookup, we design a multiscale assembly procedure to reduce the exorbitant assembly time in the context of isogeometric linear elasticity of complex microstructured geometries modeled via spline compositions. The developed isogeometric approach involves a polynomial approximation occurring at the macro-scale and the use of lookup tables with pre-computed integrals incorporating the micro-scale information. We provide theoretical insights and numerical examples to investigate the performance of the procedure. The strategy turns out to be of great interest not only to form finite element operators but also to compute other quantities in a fast manner as for instance sensitivity analyses commonly used in design optimization.
A pragmatic, evidence-based approach to coding for abdominal wall reconstruction
Authors:   Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative, Poulose B. K. , Huang L.-C. , Phillips S. , Greenberg J. , Hope W. , Janczyk R. , Malcher F. , Perez A. , Petersen R. A. , Prabhu A. , Reinhorn M. , Warren J. A. , White N. , Rosen M. J. 
Published: October 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Ambiguity exists defining abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) and associated Current Procedural Terminology code usage in the context of ventral hernia repair (VHR), especially with recent adoption of laparoscopic and robotic-assisted AWR techniques. Current guidelines have not accounted for the spectrum of repair complexity and have relied on expert opinion. This study aimed to develop an evidence-based definition and coding algorithm for AWR based on myofascial releases performed.

Methods
Three vignettes and associated outcomes were evaluated in adult patients who underwent elecive VHR with mesh between 2013 and 2020 in the Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative including: (1) no myofascial release (NR), (2) posterior rectus sheath myofascial release (PRS), and (3) PRS with transversus abdominis release or external oblique release (PRS-TA/EO). The primary outcome measure was operative time based on the following categories (min): 0–59, 60–119, 120–179, 180–239, and 240 + ; secondary outcomes included disease severity measures and 30-day postoperative outcomes.

Results
15,246 patients were included: 7287(NR), 2425(PRS), and 5534(PRS-TA/EO). Operative time increased based on myofascial releases performed: 180–239 min (p < 0.05): NR(5%), PRS(23%), PRS-TA/EO(28%) and greater than 240 min (p < 0.05): NR (4%), PRS (17%), PRS-TA/EO(44%). A dose–response effect was observed for all secondary outcome measures indicative of three distinct levels of patient complexity and outcomes for each of the three vignettes.

Conclusion
AWR is defined as VHR including myofascial release. Coding for AWR should reflect the actual effort used to manage these patients. We propose an evidence-based approach to AWR coding that focuses on myofascial release and is inclusive of minimally invasive techniques.
Post-Paris policy relevance: lessons from the IPCC SR15 process
Authors: Hermansen Erlend A. T. , Lahn Bård , Sundqvist Göran , Øye Eirik 
Published: November 2021

AbstractPolicy relevance is the raison d’être for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), yet few studies have analysed what the concept entails, not least from the perspective of key target groups for the IPCC. We present a framework which enables analysis of how different actor strategies (heating up and cooling down) contribute to shape relevance-making in specific political situations when IPCC knowledge is interpreted and used. Drawing on empirical evidence from the reception and use of the Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5°C (SR15) across three policy making levels, the paper demonstrates different examples of creating policy relevance. First, the paper analyses the origin of SR15 and the failed attempts to formally acknowledge SR15 in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) process. Second, it investigates how SR15 has been used to develop and legitimize the EU net-zero target and the European Green Deal. Third, the paper demonstrates how SR15 has been used both for legitimizing and challenging climate policy at the national level, using the example of Norway. In sum, the reception of SR15 demonstrates that while IPCC outputs have resulted in controversy at the international level, they have been highly relevant at regional and national levels. The analysis shows that policy relevance is context-dependent and indirect—created through processes involving many actors, institutions, and types of knowledge. Situating these findings within the larger shift in the international climate regime implied by the Paris Agreement, the paper concludes with a set of empirically grounded recommendations for how the IPCC may approach the goal of policy relevance post-Paris.