bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of neutrino charged current interactions on iron in the NINJA experiment
Authors: Oshima H. , Shibuya H. , Ogawa S. , Matsuo T. , Morimoto Y. , Kosakai Y. , Mizuno K. , Takagi H. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Emulsion Cloud Chamber with 65kg iron target was exposed to the neutrino beam at J-PARC neutrino beam line in 2016. It is capable of detecting short proton tracks down to 200 MeV/c. Data presented in this document corresponds to 0.40×1020 POT. The 194 neutrino-iron charged current interactions were successfully reconstructed in the target. Numbers of protons and charged pions in the final state of each event were measured and compared with those of a Monte Carlo simulation.
The nEXO detector: design overview
Authors: Pocar Andrea 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
This report presents an overview of the design solutions adopted for the nEXO detector, a large enriched-liquid-xenon time projection chamber to search for the neutrinoless double beta decay (0v DBD) of 136Xe. The nEXO concept is inherited from EXO-200, the first 100-kg scale DBD experiment to produce physics results, which ran between 2010 and 2018 at the WIPP underground site in New Mexico. Important novel solutions were introduced for nEXO that ease some aspects of the scale-up and, most importantly, allow nEXO to achieve a > 100-fold higher sensitivity to 0v DBD than its predecessor.
T2K-WAGASCI: MIDAS-based DAQ software and online monitor for the readout of a large number of MPPCs
Authors: Giorgio Pintaudi 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The WAGASCI project aims to perform a study of neutrino-nucleus interactions at the J-PARC accelerator in Japan with a new fine-grained neutrino detector (WAGASCI module) coupled with muon range detectors (WallMRD and BabyMIND).
The WAGASCI module main target for neutrinos is purified water. A hollow cuboid lattice made of scintillators bars is used to detect charged particles coming out of the neutrino interaction points. Measurements in wide phase space become possible by the combination of the WAGASCI modules, side and downstream muon range detectors. The downstream-MRD, the so-called BabyMIND detector, also works as a magnet and provides charge identification capability as well as magnetic momentum measurement for high energy muons.
The DAQ of the WAGASCI experiment is a modern DAQ that takes the object oriented paradigm to a new level of sofistication. Not only objects are exensively used, but the very architecture of the DAQ itself is modular, composed of many blocks indipendent from each other and with a clear external API. This makes adding new functionality quite easy and maintaing the software less time consuming.
Our DAQ is an hybrid made up of multiple packages, most notably MIDAS (a DAQ framework developed at TRIUMF and PSI), Pyrame (a frontend software developed at LLR) and the well-known ROOT (developed at CERN). It is the first attempt to merge MIDAS and Pyrame, in a hopefully armonic and organical way. This is because the official T2K DAQ software is MIDAS-based while the WAGASCI frontend electronics is supported by Pyrame only.
Search for event bursts in XMASS-I correlated with gravitational-wave events
Authors: Hiraide Katsuki 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
A large single-phase liquid xenon detector, XMASS-I, is a multi-purpose detector suitable for detecting particles with energy deposition in the wide energy range from keV to MeV under a low-background environment and was stably operating for more than 5 years since November 2013. We conducted a search for event bursts in the XMASS-I detector associated with gravitational-wave events. In this paper, we present a preliminary result on the search for event bursts in coincidence with the binary neutron star merger GW170817.
D-Egg: new optical sensors for the IceCube Upgrade and Gen2
Authors: Ishihara Aya 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
D-Egg (Dual optical sensor in an Ellipsoid Glass for Gen2) is a newly designed optical sensor for the IceCube Upgrade and IceCube-Gen2 to be deployed in glacial ice at the South Pole. The D-Egg is designed to follow the basic concept of the currently working IceCube optical sensors. On top of that, the photon detection efficiency to all directions is significantly enhanced with its upward and downward facing two 8” HQE PMTs in an UV transparent pressure resistant glass vessel and optical coupling elastomer. The photo-electron signals from the two PMTs are continuously sampled with fast ADCs and the FPGA takes the digital output, which allows deadtime-free flexible local triggering. Various calibration sensors and light sources are also embedded in the D-Egg vessel. In this contribution, we will report on the design of D-Egg to be deployed in the IceCube Upgrade array in 2022–23.
Physics Potential of the IceCube Upgrade
Authors: Ma Wing Yan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a cubic-kilometer Cherenkov detector at the South Pole. The planned Upgrade project, which consists of seven new strings, will be deployed with densely spaced optical modules to improve the neutrino detection capability at a few GeV level. The goal of IceCube Upgrade is to provide world-leading sensitivity to neutrino oscillations and to take unique measurements of tau neutrino appearance with high precision. It also serves as a R&D platform for the future IceCube-Gen2 experiment. The newly designed DOMs will provide improved detection efficiency and directional resolution for Cherenkov photons. Furthermore, new calibration devices will be introduced which will provide a better understanding of the ice properties, thereby reduce the detector systematic uncertainties. The resulting calibration improvement from the Upgrade will be applied to the entire archival data of IceCube collected for more than 10 years, with an expected improvement of the angular and spatial resolution of the detected astrophysical neutrino events. The Upgrade can be regarded as the first stage in the development of IceCube-Gen2, the next-generation neutrino telescope at the South Pole.
Project 8: Measuring the tritium beta-decay spectrum using Cyclotron Radiation Emission Spectroscopy
Authors: Oblath Noah S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The goal of the Project 8 experiment is to measure the absolute neutrino mass using tritium beta decays and a new spectroscopic technique, Cyclotron Radiation Emission Spectroscopy (CRES). CRES has the potential for extremely low backgrounds and high precision. Phase I of Project 8 demonstrated that CRES could be used to detect single-electron cyclotron radiation and perform precision electron spectroscopy. We are in Phase II of the experiment, performing a 2-3-month measurement of the endpoint of the tritium spectrum. We will measure the last ~2 keV of the beta-decay spectrum, demonstrate our understanding of the systematic uncertainties, and explore the background rate at energies just above the endpoint. In Phase III we will demonstrate the ability to scale up the volume of the experiment, and to create a stable atomic tritium source, which will eventually avoid systematic uncertainties from the final states of the molecule. Phase IV will combine the critical factors of precision, size, and well-controlled systematic uncertainties to reach the final sensitivity of 40 meV. I will present the status of Project 8 Phase II and the plans for Phases III and IV.
Analysis strategies for the updated geoneutrino measurement with Borexino
Authors: Kumaran Sindhujha , Agostini M. , Altenmüller K. , Appel S. , Atroshchenko V. , Bagdasarian Z. , Basilico D. , Bellini G. , Benziger J. , Bick D. , Bonfini G. , Bravo D. , Caccianiga B. , Calaprice F. , Caminata A. , Cappelli L. , Cavalcante P. , Cavanna F. , Chepurnov A. , Choi K. , D’Angelo D. , Davini S. , Derbin A. , Di Giacinto A. , Di Marcello V. , Ding X.F. , Di Ludovico A. , Di Noto L. , Drachnev I. , Fiorentini G. , Formozov A. , Franco D. , Gabriele F. , Galbiati C. , Gschwender M. , Ghiano C. , Giammarchi M. , Goretti A. , Gromov M. , Guffanti D. , Hagner C. , Hungerford E. , Ianni Aldo , Ianni Andrea , Jany A. , Jeschke D. , Kumaran S. , Kobychev V. , Korga G. , Lachenmaier T. , Lasserre T. , Laubenstein M. , Litvinovich E. , Lombardi P. , Lomskaya I. , Ludhova L. , Lukyanchenko G. , Lukyanchenko L. , Machulin I. , Mantovani F. , Manuzio G. , Marcocci S. , Maricic J. , Martyn J. , Meroni E. , Meyer M. , Miramonti L. , Misiaszek M. , Montuschi M. , Muratova V. , Neumair B. , Nieslony M. , Oberauer L. , Onillon A. , Orekhov V. , Ortica F. , Pallavicini M. , Papp L. , Penek O. , Pietrofaccia L. , Pilipenko N. , Pocar A. , Raikov G. , Ranalli M.T. , Ranucci G. , Razeto A. , Re A. , Redchuk M. , Ricci B. , Romani A. , Rossi N. , Rottenanger S. , Schöinert S. , Semenov D. , Skorokhvatov M. , Smirnov O. , Sotnikov A. , Strati V. , Suvorov Y. , Tartaglia R. , Testera G. , Thurn J. , Unzhakov E. , Vishneva A. , Vivier M. , Vogelaar R.B. , von Feilitzsch F. , Wojcik M. , Wurm M. , Zaimidoroga O. , Zavatarelli S. , Zuber K. , Zuzel G. 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Borexino is a 280-ton liquid scintillator detector located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS), Italy and is one of the two detectors that has measured geoneutrinos so far. The unprecedented radio-purity of the scintillator, the shielding with highly purified water, and the placement of the detector at a 3800 m w.e. depth have resulted in very low background levels and have made Borexino an excellent apparatus for geoneutrino measurements. The analysis techniques of the latest geoneutrino results with Borexino were presented using the data obtained from December 2007 to April 2019, corresponding to an exposure of (1.12 ± 0.05) × 1032 protons × yr. Enhanced analysis techniques, such as an increased fiducial volume, improved veto for cosmogenic backgrounds, extended energy and coincidence time windows, as well as a more efficient α/β particle discrimination have been adopted in this measurement. The updated statistics and these elaborate resulted in a geoneutrino signal of

47.0

−
7.7

+
8.4

(
stat
)

−
1.9

+
2.4

(
sys
)

TNU

with

−
17.2

+
18.3

%

total precision.
Design and Status of JUNO
Authors: Steiger Hans Theodor Josef 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a 20 kton multi-purpose liquid scintillator detector currently being built in a dedicated underground laboratory in Jiangmen (PR China). JUNO’s main physics goal is to determine the neutrino mass ordering using electron anti-neutrinos from two nuclear power plants at a baseline of about 53 km. JUNO aims for an unprecedented energy resolution of 3% at 1 MeV for the central detector, with which the mass ordering can be measured with 3 – 4 σ significance within six years of operation. Most neutrino oscillation parameters in the solar and atmospheric sectors can also be measured with an accuracy of 1% or better. Furthermore, being the largest liquid scintillator detector of its kind, JUNO will monitor the neutrino sky continuously for contributing to neutrino and multi-messenger astronomy. JUNO’s design as well as the status of its construction will be presented, together with a short excursion into its rich R&D program.
AXEL : High pressure Xe gas TPC for neutrinoless double-beta decay search
Authors: Ban Sei 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
AXEL is a high pressure xenon gas TPC with a unique cellular readout structure, ELCC (Electroluminescence Light Collection Cell), for neutrinoless double-beta (0vββ) decay search. We developed two prototype detector and evaluated them. The small size prototype detector (10-L pressure vessel) is constructed first and evaluated its performance to demonstrate the concept of the ELCC. The large size prototype detector (180-L chamber) are being developed to get the know-how for enlargement and for background study. The estimated energy resolutions at the Q-value of 0vββ decay of 136Xe are 0.82~ 1.74% for the former prototype and 0.67% for the latter.
Gravitational-Wave Observations by Advanced LIGO and Virgo
Authors: Schmidt P 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
From September 2015 until August 2017, the Advanced LIGO and Virgo gravitational-wave detectors conducted their first two observing runs O1 and O2. Since the milestone detection of gravitational waves from two coalescing black holes, GW150914, a further nine binary black holes collisions as well as one binary neutron star inspiral have been identified, firmly establishing the field of gravitational-wave astronomy. After a commissioning break, the third observing run commenced on April 1, 2019 which has since seen the public announcement of several tens of gravitational-wave candidate events. In this proceedings, we summarise the observations during O1 and O2 and briefly discuss the current status.
Global control using a laser strainmeter for KAGRA
Authors: Miyo Koseki 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The KAGRA is a large-scale laser interferometric gravitational wave (GW) telescope that is has been constructed in Japan’s underground. Underground telescopes such as KAGRA and the proposed Einstein Telescope have the advantage of substantially reduced seismic noise above 1 Hz relative to GW telescopes on the surface. However, even in underground, seismic motion at low frequencies such as microseisms (< 1Hz) and earthquakes (< 10mHz), could severely degrade GW telescopes’ stability. In the current design of the KAGRA, these disturbances are suppressed by feedback controls using inertial sensors such as seismometers and geophones. Nevertheless, suppression with this control method is limited by the insufficient sensitivity and tilt-horizontal coupling of the sensors at low frequencies. In this paper, we have developed a new control method based on a laser strainmeter named the Geophysics Interferometer (GIF) to resolve this problem. This was installed in the KAGRA tunnel and has a superior sensitivity of less than 100 mHz and no problems with tilt coupling. This new method will achieve improved stability for the operation of an interferometer. Also presented in the paper is the design of the control system and an experimental result.
Research on Innovation and Entrepreneurship Education for College Students from the Perspective of Big Data
Authors: Wang Feng 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Information technology promotes the wide application of big data and causes the constant reform of the teaching mode in colleges and universities. How to make college students adapt to the changeable market environment and improve the effect of innovation and entrepreneurship education has become a topic. Analyze the current situation of college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship education through big data. This paper analyzes college students’ professional ethics, job-hunting concept, innovation and practice ability cultivation, creative thinking, entrepreneurial psychological bearing ability, entrepreneurial core competitiveness, innovation and entrepreneurship comprehensive quality, etc. Through the analysis of the current situation of college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship education, we find out the positive influencing factors and consolidate and improve them. In view of the negative influence factors, this paper puts forward reform ideas and countermeasures. From the government, schools, teachers and students, the society summed up the innovation and entrepreneurship education model, to establish a set of constantly improved innovation and entrepreneurship curriculum system. In this way, the innovative and entrepreneurial talents training scheme adapted to the changing times can be formed and the healthy development of talents can be promoted.
Adversarial network embedding on heterogeneous information networks
Authors: Lan Ting , Wu Changxuan , Yu Chunyan , Wang Xiu 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Network embedding has been proven to be helpful for solving real-world problems. Moreover, real-world networks are often heterogeneous information networks(HINs). In this paper, we propose a new adversarial framework for heterogeneous network embedding, namely AGNE-HIN. AGNE-HIN can learn latent code distribution in the network through a generative adversarial way. What’s more, to reduce the global smoothness of the embedded vector caused by GAN, we apply perturbation to the input to form adversarial data. Experimental results verify our design and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in node clustering, link prediction and similarity ranking tasks.
BSEN: A BiSiamese Entity Normalization Method for Biomedicine
Authors: Peng Zirong , Yu Qinyong , Yang Hui , Wang Yongli 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Normalization of named entities in the field of biomedicine is an important task in biomedical text data mining. Compared with other tasks in biomedical text mining research, there are relatively few researches on entities normalization. In this article, a BiSiamese entity normalization method for biomedicine (BSEN) is proposed. Firstly, the text similarity algorithm is analyzed, and an improved similarity measurement algorithm for biomedical inverse text frequency and cosine (BIC) is proposed. Secondly, the data set is trained in pairs using BiSiamese network and combined with BIC to calculate text similarity. The entity corresponding to the maximum similarity calculated in the normalization knowledge base is the normalized result obtained by the BSEN method. The verification experiments on the verification data set show that the BSEN has achieved better normalization results than the existing methods.
The Design of the Electromyography Sensor with the Modifying Circuit
Authors: Zou Xiangxin 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
The project is about using the Electromyography (EMG) sensor to display the muscle movement and use connecting circuit to modify the signal from the EMG sensor. The modifying circuit connected to the EMG sensor include the amplifier circuit to amplify the signal, the filter to remove the DC offset and the high frequency noise, the rectifier for the positive swing of the signal and the envelope detector to smooth the signal. The circuit is designed according to the signal amplitude and the frequency spectrum and is simulated on the Multisim and have the output. The actual circuit is built as in the simulation and the signal is from the electrode. The output is in audiovisual and performance of the EMG sensor circuit is demonstrated by experiment. The design of the EMG in the project uses the simple component in electronic circuit with the desired output. The display of the EMG sensor in the project is audiovisual which provides the user with output format both in visual and in audio that allows hearing disability and visual disability users to use the EMG sensor.
Analysis of driver’s choice behavior based on the combined model of utility-regret
Authors: Kang Jun , Huang Shan , Duan Zongtao , Zhang Fan 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In the context of increasing urban traffic trajectory data, based on large-scale urban traffic trajectory data, in the field of intelligent transportation, it has become an urgent need to analyze travelers’ routing behaviors and establish effective routing models to provide travelers with efficient and reasonable driving route recommendations. It is often the case that urban taxi groups has better route choice behavior than other travel group under the cost-benefit constraints. Therefore, providing route recommendations for other travelers according to the route choice habits of urban taxi group is a feasible solution to the above need. This paper starts with the utility maximization model and the stochastic regret minimization model, for the problem that the traveler cannot satisfy the premise of the complete rationality of the utility maximization model when choosing routes and the random regret minimization model ignores the traveler’s sensitivity to the original value of the alternative attribute, and improve the calculation formula of the regret value in the random regret minimization model. A route choice model under the utility-regret combination rule is proposed based on the combination of the utility model and the improved regret model, and then, based on the historical trajectory data of taxis in Xi’an, the RP data required by the model is extracted, and the parameters of the model are estimated and verified. The experimental results show that the route choice probability calculated by the model is closer to the route choice probability in the real scene than the simple utility maximization model or the simple random regret minimization model.
Research of the effect of severe plastic deformation with the following ion nitriding on the thickness and microhardness of the hardened layer of tool steel R6M5
Authors: Asylbaev A V , Vafin R K , Khairetdinov E F , Shaikhutdinova L R , Mamontov D V , Sklizkov I D , Sunagatova L M 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
In this work we consider the issue of influence of initial state of tool steel P6M5 surface on thickness and microhardness of hardened layer during ion nitriding in the glow discharge. It is established that the application of intense plastic deformation torsion before ion nitriding in the glow discharge increases the rate of nitrogen diffusion deep into the tool steel R6M5, and increases the thickness of the hardened layer by 2.5 times.
Hardening ion plasma coatings (Ti, Alx)N (x = 3 at. %) for carbide cutting tools
Authors: Blinkov I V , Belov D S , Volkhonskiy A O , Chernogor A O , Sergevnin V S 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Coatings (Ti, Al0,03)N and comparison samples – coatings (Ti, Al0,25)N and TiN are formed by the arc-PVD method on the WC-Co carbide alloy. The phase composition, the substructure characteristics and the mechanical properties of the coatings were investigated. The addition of Al and its increase in the coating composition is accompanied by a decrease in the value of the lattice parameter, refinement of the coatings subgrain structure and an increase in both microstrains and macrostresses. At the same time, the hardness of the coatings and the values of the parameters H3/E2 and H/E increase with a decrease in the relative work of plastic deformation of the samples, which is a characteristic of their viscosity. Durability tests were carried out using a cutting tools with the investigated coatings showed the advantage of the (Ti,Al0.25)N coating in continuous turning operations. The (Ti,Al0.03)N coating is characterized by increased resistance compared to other tested coatings in milling operations and compared to TiN coating in continuous cutting.
Measurement of nonlinear elasticity depending on the applied static load by the acoustic method in gel-like media
Authors: Krit TB 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
An algorithm has been developed for measuring the shear modulus in an anisotropic media – along and across the organic or artificial fibers that cause the anisotropy. The algorithm is based on the well-known and widely used method for generating shear waves in homogeneous isotropic media. Shear modulus depending on the static load applied to the studied media is shown. It tends to grow nonlinearly as the load increases.
Electrochemical study of Zr-1Nb alloy with oxide coatings formed by plasma electrolytic oxidation
Authors: Savushkina S V , Gerasimov M V , Apelfeld A V , Sivtsova G V , Bogdashkina N L , Ignatenko V E , Suminov I V , Vinogradov A V 
Published: May 2021

Abstract
Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coatings were formed on Zr-1Nb alloy in electrolyte containing 9 g/L sodium silicate, 5 g/L sodium hypophosphite, and 6 g/L submicron yttrium oxide powder at current densities 20, 30, and 40 A/dm2. The coatings surface morphology was studied by scanning electron microscope. The electrochemical behavior of coated and uncoated samples was investigated after 1-and 7-days exposure in 10 % HCl. The samples with PEO coatings formed at 30 A/dm2 current density had the best corrosion protective properties after 1-day exposure in 10 % HCl. After 7-days exposure in 10 % HCl the samples with PEO coatings formed at 30 and 40 A/dm2 current densities showed greater corrosion resistance then samples with PEO coatings formed at 20 A/dm2 current density and uncoated samples.