bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study Between Whole Brain Radiotherapy And Concurrent Temozolomide Versus Whole Brain Radiotherapy Alone For Patients Of Brain Metastasis
Authors: Rawat Shyamji , Modi Vedant , Singotia Laxmi , Jain Rajesh , Panihar Chinkal , Raj Aishwarya 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background- The study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of temozolomide along with whole brain radiotherapy in brain metastasis and compare with the efficacy and safety of WBRT alone.Methodology- This study was conducted as a prospective study at Department of Radiotherapy, NSCB Medical College Jabalpur during the study period of 20 months among 34 radiologically and histologically proven case of brain metastasis patients. All the patients were randomly divided into two groups cases (WBRT with TMZ) and controls (WBRT). Two groups were compared for radiological response, symptoms and adverse reactions weekly upto 6 weeks. Results- In week 2, hematological derangement were observed in significantly higher proportions of cases as compared to control (p<0.05). Vomiting and seizure was noted in significantly higher proportions of controls at week 4 following treatment (p<0.05). Though the radiological response was better in cases but the observed difference between cases and controls was statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Conclusions-Brain metastasis following primary cancer are commonly observed in cancer clinics. WBRT is given for palliative treatment in such patients. However, addition of TMZ had shown symptomatic improvement in patients with brain metastasis. Though, adverse events especially hematological were reported in higher proportions with TMZ, but these adverse effects could be effectively managed. Overall, TMZ is associated with good response rate. Thus, it can be added to WBRT to improve the survival rate and response rate in patients with brain metastasis.
Estimation of Salivary Matrix Metalloproteinases- 12 (MMP- 12) Levels Among Patients Presenting With Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Saleem Zohra , Shaikh Abdul Hafeez , Zaman Uzma , Ahmed Shaheen , Majeed Muhammad Mansoor , Kazmi Anum , Farooqui Waqas Ahmed 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background:Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a global threat and accounts for approximately 90% of malignant oral lesions. The emergence of oral carcinoma is linked to precancerous lesions which act as precursors of the disease. Matrix metalloproteinases appear to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of both precancerous conditions and oral malignancies due to their participation in the remodelling of the extracellular matrix.Methodology:This is an analytical study conducted at Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from healthy, oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. The level of MMP-12 was estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was run to determine if MMP-12 levels differ between cases and controls which was preceded by posthoc Tuckey test.ResultsA significant difference in salivary MMP-12 expression was observed in OSF and OSCC. The expression of salivary MMP-12 was higher in cases compared to controls. The mean MMP-12 expression in OSCC was found higher than in OSF cases.ConclusionMMP-12 expression increases as the healthy patient advances to OSF and OSCC. The study results also demonstrate higher MMP-12 expression in OSCC patients as compared to OSF. Therefore, estimation of salivary MMP-12 serves as a useful non-invasive early diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Changes of Adenosine Deaminase Activity in Serum and Saliva around Parturition in Sows with and without Postpartum Dysgalactia Syndrome
Authors: Kaiser Marianne , Dahl Jan , Jacobsen Stine , Jacobson Magdalena , Andersen Pia Haubro , Bækbo Poul , Escribano Damián , Cerón José Joaquín , Tecles Fernando 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
BackgroundPostpartum dysgalactia syndrome (PDS) is associated with a significantly higher activation of the inflammatory and stress response at parturition than in the healthy sow. Therefore, reliable and possibly non-invasive biomarkers for substantial increases of inflammation are searched to support the PDS diagnosis. This report studies the possible changes of the inflammatory marker enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA) in serum and saliva of 38 PDS positive sows (PDS+) and 38 healthy sows (PDS÷). Sampling was performed every 24 h from 60 h before to 36 h after parturition. Isoenzyme 1 (ADA1) and isoenzyme 2 (ADA2), as well as total ADA (tADA) were measured and their statistical association with several serum and saliva biomarkers of inflammation and stress was investigated.ResultsCompared to a baseline (60 h to 36 prepartum), salivary activities of ADA1, ADA2 and tADA increased significantly over time in both PDS+ and PDS÷ sows, reaching their peaks after parturition. In serum from PDS÷ sows, no changes were observed over time in either ADA1, ADA2 or tADA. In PDS+ sows, serum ADA2 activity decreased temporarily after parturition followed by a significant increase compared to baseline. ADA1, ADA2 and tADA were all significantly associated with several inflammatory biomarkers and ADA1 in serum was associated with serum cortisol. Although serum activity was higher in PDS+ than in PDS÷ sows, the differences were not statistically significant. Further, no difference was noted between the groups in the analyses of saliva. Conclusions Salivary ADA1 and ADA2 increased in all sows after parturition, potentially as a response to the postpartum inflammation. However, no difference in the activity of ADA1, ADA2 and tADA were found between PDS+ and PDS÷ sows indicating inability to diagnose PDS under the conditions described in this report.
Tempol Differently Affects Cellular Redox Status and Antioxidant Enzymes in Various Lung-related Cells
Authors: park woo hyun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Tempol (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl) is a potential redox agent in cells. The present study investigated changes in cellular redox status [reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) levels] and in antioxidant enzymes, in Tempol-treated Calu-6 and A549 lung cancer cells, normal lung WI-38 VA-13 cells, and primary pulmonary fibroblasts. Results demonstrated that Tempol (0.5 ~ 4 mM) either increased or decreased general ROS levels in lung cancer and normal cells at 48 h and specifically increased O2•− levels in these cells. In addition, Tempol differentially altered the expression and activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and thioredoxin reductase1 (TrxR1) in A549, Calu-6, and WI-38 VA-13 cells. In particular, Tempol increased TrxR1 protein levels in these cells. Tempol at 1 mM inhibited the growth of lung cancer and normal cells by about 50% at 48 h but also significantly induced cell death, as evidenced by annexin V-positive cells. Furthermore, down-regulation of TrxR1 by siRNA somewhat affected the levels of cell growth inhibition and death as well as ROS in Tempol-treated cells. In addition, Tempol increased the numbers of GSH-depleted cells in both cancer cells and normal cells at 48h. In conclusion, Tempol differentially increased or decreased levels of ROS and various antioxidant enzymes in lung cancer and normal cells, and induced growth inhibition and death in all lung cells along with an increase in O2•− levels and GSH depletion.
Clinical Factors and Outcomes Associated With Immune Non-response Among Virally Suppressed Adults With HIV From Africa and the United States
Authors: Noiman Adi , Esber Allahna , Wang Xun , Bahemana Emmanuel , Adamu Yakubu , Iroezindu Michael , Kiweewa Francis , Maswai Jonah , Owuoth John , Maganga Lucas , Ganesan Anuradha , Maves Ryan C. , Lalani Tahaniyat , Colombo Rhonda E. , Okulicz Jason F. , Polyak Christina , Crowell Trevor A. , Ake Julie A. , Agan Brian K. 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: A significant minority of people living with HIV (PLWH) achieve viral suppression (VS) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) but do not regain healthy CD4 counts. Clinical factors affecting this immune non-response (INR) and its effect on incident serious non-AIDS events (SNAEs) have been challenging to understand due to confounders that are difficult to control in many study settings. Setting: The U.S. Military HIV Natural History Study (NHS) and African Cohort Study (AFRICOS). Methods: PLWH with sustained VS (<400 copies/mL for at least two years) were evaluated for INR (CD4 < 350 cells/µl at the time of sustained VS). Logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors associated with INR. Cox proportional hazards regression produced adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for factors associated with incident SNAE after sustained VS. Results: INR prevalence was 10.8% and 25.8% in NHS and AFRICOS, respectively. Higher CD4 nadir was associated with decreased odds of INR (aOR=0.31 [95% CI: 0.26, 0.37] and aOR=0.50 [95% CI: 0.43, 0.58] per 100 cells/µl in NHS and AFRICOS, respectively). After adjustment, INR was associated with a 61% increase in relative risk of SNAE [95% CI: 1.12, 2.33]. Probability of "SNAE-free" survival at 15 years since sustained VS was approximately 20% lower comparing those with and without INR; nearly equal to the differences observed by 15-year age groups. Conclusion: CD4 monitoring before and after VS is achieved can help identify PLWH at risk for INR. INR may be a useful clinical indicator of future risk for SNAEs.
Culture-dependent and Universal Constructs and Promoting Factors for the Process of Personal Recovery in users of Mental Health Services: Qualitative Findings from Japan
Authors: Kanehara Akiko , Koike Haruna , Fujieda Yumiko , Yajima Sayaka , Kabumoto Asami , Kumakura Yousuke , Morita Kentaro , Miyamoto Yuki , Nochi Masahiro , Kasai Kiyoto 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: The conceptualization of personal recovery began in Europe and North America and has spread worldwide. The concept of personal recovery and recovery-promoting factors may be influenced by culture. We explored how users of mental health services in Japan perceive their own personal recovery and the factors that promote it.Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews and focus group interviews with individuals using mental health services. The interview data underwent thematic analysis, and we adopted a grouped framework analysis approach. We used a coding framework based on the existing CHIME framework (connectedness, hope and optimism about the future, identity, meaning in life, and empowerment). We counted the number of narratives for each element of the framework.Results: Data were obtained from 30 users of mental health services (mean age: 40.4 years; 46.7% women; 50.0% with schizophrenia). “Compassion for others” was newly extracted in “Connectedness”, and “Rebuilding/redefining identity not being as shaped by social norms” was newly extracted in “Identity” as personal recovery. “Positive experiences in childhood” (including positive parenting support from neighbours) was newly extracted as a recovery-promoting factor. Connectedness was most frequently coded in our study.Conclusions: Our unique findings of the rebuilding/defining identity free from conformity to social norms through communications with relatively familiar people including peers may be culture dependent. This study raises overarching questions regarding how socio-cultural values influence the development of identity and personal values and how they are in turn reflected in personal recovery.
Linkages of surface air temperature variations over Central Asia with large-scale climate patterns
Authors: Zhuang Yuanhuang , Zhang Jingyong , Wu Lingyun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the dominant modes of surface air temperature variations of the cold season (from November through to the next March) and the warm season (from May to September) over Central Asia, and their associations with large-scale climate patterns for the period of 1979–2016. The first two modes of the cold-season surface air temperature (CSAT) over Central Asia, obtained by empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis, feature the mono-pole structure and the north-south dipole pattern, respectively. For the warm-season surface air temperature (WSAT), the leading two EOF modes are characterized by the homogenous structure and the northwest-southeast seesaw pattern, respectively. Further analysis indicates that the large-scale atmospheric circulation anomalies play key roles in the CSAT and WSAT variations over Central Asia. The CSAT variation over Central Asia is closely related with the Scandinavia pattern (SCAND), the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), while the WSAT variation is tightly tied to the East Atlantic/Western Russia pattern (EAWR) and the NAO. These large-scale climate patterns tend to cause the CSAT and WSAT anomalies over Central Asia via their effects on regional geopotential heights, warming advections and other processes. Our findings are expected to facilitate the improvement of understanding and predicting the CSAT and WSAT variations over Central Asia.
Mutation in Arabidopsis MOR1 Gene Impairs Endocytosis in Stamen Filament Cells and Results in Anther Indehiscence
Authors: Liu Xiaolei , Tan Xiaoyun 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Anther dehiscence is a crucial step for pollen grain release and male fertility. Filaments, which transport water, nutrients and hormones to the anthers, are important for anther dehiscence. In this study, we characterized the Arabidopsis microtubule organization 1 (MOR1) gene that involves in the filament functions and plays important roles in anther dehiscence. The Arabidopsis microtubule organization 1-1 (mor1-1) mutant exhibited an anther indehiscence phenotype at 24°C. Such the defect in anther dehiscence did not occur at a lower temperature (19°C). Further analysis indicated that both the cortical microtubule (CMT) organization and plasma membrane homeostasis were drastically impaired and disturbed in mor1-1 filament cells under the growth conditions of 24°C. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and FM4-64 up-take assays showed that endocytosis process in the mor1-1 filament cells were disrupted at 24°C. Furthermore, the cortical-associated RFP tagged clathrin light chain (CLC-RFP) foci were reduced in the mor1-1 filament cells. These results suggested that the MOR1-mediated CMT organization is important for clathrin-mediated endocytosis in the filament cells, and critical for anther dehiscence in thermosensitivity.
Proteome Profiling of Human Placenta Reveals Developmental Stage-Dependent Alterations in Protein Signature
Authors: Sarvestani Sara Khorami , Shojaeian Sorour , Vanaki Negar , Gharesi-Fard Behrouz , Amini Mehdi , Gilani Kambiz , Soltanghoraei Hale , Arefi Soheila , Jeddi-Tehrani Mahmood , Zarnani Amir-Hassan 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Introduction Placenta is a complex organ that plays a significant role in the maintenance of pregnancy health. It is a dynamic organ that undergoes dramatic changes in growth and development at different stages of gestation. In the first-trimester, the conceptus develops in a low oxygen environment that favors organogenesis in the embryo and cell proliferation and angiogenesis in the placenta; later in pregnancy, higher oxygen concentration is required to support the rapid growth of the fetus. This transition, which appears unique to the human placenta, must be finely tuned through successive rounds of protein signature alterations. This study compares placental proteome in normal first-trimester (FT) and term human placentas (TP). MethodsNormal human first-trimester and term placental samples were collected and differentially expressed proteins were identified using two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsDespite the overall similarities, 120 proteins were differently expressed in first and term placentas. Out of these, 120 proteins, expression of 72 was up-regulated and that of 48 was down-regulated in the first when compared with the full term placentas. Twenty out of 120 differently expressed proteins were sequenced, among them seven showed increased (GRP78, PDIA3, ENOA, ECH1, PRDX4, ERP29, ECHM), eleven decreased (TRFE, ALBU, K2C1, ACTG, CSH2, PRDX2, FABP5, HBG1, FABP4, K2C8, K1C9) expression in first-trimester compared to the full-term placentas and two proteins exclusively expressed in first-trimester placentas (MESD, MYDGF). DiscussionAccording to Reactome and PANTHER softwares, these proteins were mostly involved in response to chemical stimulus and stress, regulation of biological quality, programmed cell death, hemostatic and catabolic processes, protein folding, cellular oxidant detoxification, coagulation and retina homeostasis. Elucidation of alteration in protein signature during placental development would provide researchers with a better understanding of the critical biological processes of placentogenesis and delineate proteins involved in regulation of placental function during development.
Prognostic Potential of MAGEH1 and Its Correlation with Immune infiltrates in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Li Zitong , Ke Haoran , Deng Wenlin , Li Fang , Wang Siqi , Chen Ye 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: MAGEH1 is a critical gene for regulatory T cell function. However, correlations of MAGEH1 to prognosis and tumor-infiltrating cells in different cancers remain unclear. This study was to determine the prognostic impact of MAGEH1 as well as evaluate MAGEH1 expression and immune infiltrate relevance in gastric cancer.Methods: Oncomine, TIMER2.0, Kaplan-Meier Potter, PrognoScan, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), and the Human Protein Atlas database were utilized to analyze the differential MAGEH1 expression and its prognostic value. The relationship between MAGEH1 and gene markers of immune infiltration was confirmed by TIMER2.0 and GEPIA.Results: The prognostic effect of MAGEH1 varied across cancers. Particularly in gastric cancer, highly expressed MAGEH1 showed a significant association with poor prognosis in multiple databases whereas was linked to a better prognosis in patients with adjuvant 5-fluorouracil therapy. MAGEH1 expression positively correlated with infiltrating levels of B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). Furthermore, MAGEH1 expression showed a strong link with markers for monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils and Tregs in STAD tissues.Conclusions: MAGEH1 can serve as a prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer and is related to immune infiltrates.
Research on the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Xinyao Shu , Yunwu Zhang , Yujia Wang , Jing Wu , Xingyu Chen , Ruitong Xu , Xingting Liu , Jingsong Luo 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: To predict the mechanism of Huaijiao Diyu Decoction in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Methods: The active components and related targets of 7 kinds of Chinese medicinal materials were collected from the database of Chinese medicinal materials. CRC related targets are obtained from the Genes card database. cross targets of disease and drug targets were input into the STRING database to construct protein-protein interaction networks.GO enrichment analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis using clusterProfiler packets in the language, Finally, the interaction between core components and core targets is discussed by molecular docking.Result: TCMSP database prompts, There are 34 active compounds mapping 114 targets in Sophora japonica decoction; G enecards database prompts, A total of 858 targets are closely related to CRC, The two data sets map each other to obtain 114 intersection targets. Core components of Sophora flavescens decoction in treating CRC may be quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, The core therapeutic targets may be PTGS2、PTGS1、HSP90AA1 and AR, CRC related pathways involve multiple molecular functions such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell signal transduction, metabolism, endocrine, tumor immunity, transcription and cell metabolism. Molecular docking results show that the binding ability of PTGS1、PTGS2、AR to core components is strong, The Vina value (binding energy) of the interaction between PTGS1 protein and core components is the best, -7.9kcal/mol . Conclusion: This study demonstrates the mechanism of multi-component, multi-target and multi-pathway action in the treatment of CRC, Can provide the idea for clarifying the specific mechanism of Huaijiao Diyu decoction in the treatment of CRC in the future.
Imported Hyalomma Ticks in The Netherlands 2018-2020
Authors: Uiterwijk Mathilde , Ibáñez-Justicia Adolfo , de Vossenberg Bart van , Jacobs Frans , Overgaauw Paul , Nijsse Rolf , Dabekaussen Charlotte , Stroo Arjan , Sprong Hein 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
Background: Ticks of the genus Hyalomma, which are vectors for several tick-borne diseases, are occasionally found in areas outside their endemic range including northern parts of Europe. The objective of this study was to analyse adult Hyalomma ticks that were recently found in The Netherlands. Methods: Hyalomma ticks were morphologically identified. Cluster analysis based upon sequence data (cox1 barcoding) for molecular identification and pathogen detection was performed. Additionally, a cross-sectional survey among horses was conducted to actively search for Hyalomma ticks in summer 2019. Analysis of temperature was done to assess the possibility of i) introduced engorged nymphs moulting to adults and ii) establishment of populations in The Netherlands. Results: Seventeen adult Hyalomma ticks (one in 2018, eleven in 2019, five in 2020) were found by citizens and reported. Fifteen ticks were detected on horses and two on humans. Twelve were identified as H. marginatum, one as H. rufipes and four, of which only photographic images were available, as Hyalomma sp. No Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever virus or Babesia/Theileria parasites were detected. One adult tick tested positive for Rickettsia aeschlimannii. In the cross-sectional horse survey, no Hyalomma ticks were found. Analysis of temperatures showed that engorged nymphs arriving on migratory birds in spring were able to moult to adults in 2019 and 2020, and that cumulative daily temperatures in The Netherlands were lower than in areas with established H. marginatum populations. Conclusions: Our results show that Hyalomma ticks are regularly introduced in The Netherlands as nymphs and these are able to develop to the adult stage under the Dutch weather conditions. Vigilant citizens can notify Hyalomma adult ticks, especially when attached to horses. Only one human pathogen, Rickettsia aeschlimannii, was found in one of the ticks. The risk of introduction of tick-borne diseases via Hyalomma ticks on migratory birds is considered to be low.