bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Closing the Gap: Increasing Student Voice on Campus to Improve Understanding of a General Education Program's Goals
Authors: Hopkins Daniel , Bieter John 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThis article traces the efforts made by Boise State's General Education program—University Foundations—and an undergraduate researcher to improve understanding of general education on campus. Undergraduate students often struggle to understand general education's goals. In order to improve this understanding, University Foundations committed itself to increasing the student voice on campus. It began by adding three different pieces of experiential learning—an undergraduate research team, a mentor program, and reflection in capstone courses—to build the student voice within the program. University Foundations then changed the language of the program to make it more accessible, created mottos to help in understanding general education's purpose, and made presentations to student and faculty groups. This would lead to further presentations that explained the purpose of general education to the universal freshman seminar course. Finally, University Foundations founded an annual faculty summit to help instructors better understand and articulate the purpose of general education to their students. By adding and sustaining the student voice, University Foundations worked to close the gap in understanding of the program's goals.
U-Pb Dating on Hydrothermal Rutile and Monazite from the Badu Gold Deposit Supports an Early Cretaceous Age for Carlin-Type Gold Mineralization in the Youjiang Basin, Southwestern China
Authors: Gao Wei , Hu Ruizhong , Hofstra Albert H. , Li Qiuli , Zhu Jingjing , Peng Keqiang , Mu Lan , Huang Yong , Ma Jianwen , Zhao Qiang 
Published: March 2021

Abstract
The Youjiang basin on the southwestern margin of the Yangtze block in southwestern China is the world’s second largest Carlin-type gold province after Nevada, USA. The lack of precise age determinations on gold deposits in this province has hindered understanding of their genesis and relation to the geodynamic setting. Although most Carlin-type gold deposits in the basin are hosted in calcareous sedimentary rocks, ~70% of the ore in the Badu Carlin-type gold deposit is hosted by altered and sulfidized dolerite. Although in most respects Badu is similar to other Carlin-type gold deposits in the province, alteration of the unusual dolerite host produced hydrothermal rutile and monazite that can be dated.
Field observations show that gold mineralization is spatially associated with, but temporally later than, dolerite. In situ secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) U-Pb dating on magmatic zircon from the least altered dolerite yielded a robust emplacement age of 212.2 ± 1.9 Ma (2σ, mean square of weighted deviates [MSWD] = 0.55), providing a maximum age constraint on gold mineralization. The U-Th/He ages of detrital zircons from hydrothermally mineralized sedimentary host rocks at Badu and four other Carlin-type gold deposits yielded consistent weighted mean ages of 146 to 130 Ma that record cooling from a temperature over 180° to 200°C and place a lower limit on the age of gold mineralization in the basin.
Hydrothermal rutile and monazite that are coeval with gold mineralization have been identified in the mineralized dolerite. Rutile is closely associated with hydrothermal ankerite, sericite, and gold-bearing pyrite. It has high concentrations of W, Fe, V, Cr, and Nb, as well as growth zones that are variably enriched in W, Fe, Nb, and U. Monazite contains primary two-phase fluid inclusions and is intergrown with gold-bearing pyrite and hydrothermal minerals. In situ SIMS U-Pb dating of rutile yielded a Tera-Wasserburg lower intercept age of 141.7 ± 5.8 Ma (2σ, MSWD = 1.04) that is within error of the in situ SIMS Th-Pb age of 143.5 ± 1.4 Ma (2σ, MSWD = 1.5) on monazite. These ages are ~70 m.y. younger than magmatic zircons in the host dolerite and are similar to the aforementioned U-Th/He cooling ages on detrital zircons from hydrothermally mineralized sedimentary host rocks. We, therefore, conclude that the Badu Carlin-type gold deposit formed at ca. 144 Ma. The agreement of the rutile and monazite ages with the U-Th-He cooling ages of Badu and four other Carlin-type gold deposits in the Youjiang basin suggests that ca. 144 Ma is representative of a regional Early Cretaceous Carlin-type hydrothermal event formed during back-arc extension.
The SIMARD-MD is not an Effective Driver Screening Tool for Determining Fitness-To-Drive
Authors: Crizzle Alexander M. , Mullen Nadia , Mychael Diane , Meger Natasha , Toxopeus Ryan , Gibbons Carrie , Ostap Simeon , Dubois Sacha , Bédard Michel 
Published: March 2021

Background
Studies have reported poor sensitivity and specificity of the Screen for the Identification of Cognitively Impaired Medically At-Risk Drivers, a modification of the DemTech (SIMARD-MD) to screen for drivers with cognitive impair­ment. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the SIMARD-MD can accurately predict pass/fail on a road test in drivers with cognitive impairment (CI) and healthy drivers.
Methods
Data from drivers with CI were collected from two compre­hensive driving assessment centres (n=86) and compared with healthy drivers (n=30). All participants completed demo­graphic measures, clinical measures, and a road rest (pass/fail). Analyses consisted of correlations between the SIMARD-MD and the other clinical measures, and a receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curve to determine the predictive ability of the SIMARD-MD.
Results
All healthy drivers passed the road test compared with 44.2% of the CI sample. On the SIMARD-MD, the CI sample scored significantly worse than healthy drivers (p < .001). The ROC curve showed the SIMARD-MD, regardless of any cut-point, misclassified a large number of CI individuals (AUC=.692; 95% CI = 0.578, 0.806).
Conclusions
Given the high level of misclassification, the SIMARD-MD should not be used with either healthy drivers or those with cognitive impairment for making decisions about driving.
Injectable Adhesive Hydrogel as Photothermal‐Derived Antigen Reservoir for Enhanced Anti‐Tumor Immunity
Authors: Fan Man , Jia Le , Pang Minghui , Yang Xiangliang , Yang Yajiang , Kamel Elyzayati Samir , Liao Yonggui , Wang Hong , Zhu Yanhong , Wang Qin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractLow vaccine immunogenicity and tumor heterogenicity greatly limit the therapeutic effect of tumor vaccine. In this study, a novel injectable adhesive hydrogel, based on thermosensitive nanogels containing catechol groups and loaded with in situ‐forming MnO2 nanoparticles, is constructed to overcome these issues. The concentrated nanogel dispersion transforms into an adhesive hydrogel in situ after intratumoral injection. The photothermal effect of the loaded MnO2 nanoparticles induces immunogenic cell death to release mass autologous tumor‐derived protein antigens under near‐infrared irradiation, which act as ideal immune stimulating substances avoiding the problem of tumor heterogenicity and are captured by the in situ‐forming adhesive hydrogel. The antigens‐captured adhesive hydrogel acts as an “antigen reservoir” and releases these captured antigens to recruit more dendritic cells to stimulate an intensive and lasting anti‐tumor immune response mediated by CD8+ T cells. The primary tumors can be almost completely disappeared within 4 days without relapse, and the growth of the distal tumors and rechallenged tumors are also effectively inhibited by the treatment with the injectable adhesive hydrogel‐based photothermal therapy. Therefore, the proposed “antigen reservoir” strategy shows the great potential application as an in situ‐forming personalized vaccine to enhancing the cancer immune therapy.
Selenic Acid Etching Assisted Vacancy Engineering for Designing Highly Active Electrocatalysts toward the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Zhang Lin , Lu Chengjie , Ye Fei , Pang Ruilvjing , Liu Yang , Wu Zeyi , Shao Zongping , Sun Zhengming , Hu Linfeng 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOxygen evolution electrocatalysts are central to overall water splitting, and they should meet the requirements of low cost, high activity, high conductivity, and stable performance. Herein, a general, selenic‐acid‐assisted etching strategy is designed from a metal–organic framework as a precursor to realize carbon‐coated 3d metal selenides MmSen (Co0.85Se1−x, NiSe2−x, FeSe2−x) with rich Se vacancies as high‐performance precious metal‐free oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts. Specifically, the as‐prepared Co0.85Se1−x@C nanocages deliver an overpotential of only 231 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 for the OER and the corresponding full water‐splitting electrolyzer requires only a cell voltage of 1.49 V at 10 mA cm–2 in alkaline media. Density functional theory calculation reveals the important role of abundant Se vacancies for improving the catalytic activity through improving the conductivity and reducing reaction barriers for the formation of intermediates. Although phase change after long‐term operation is observed with the formation of metal hydroxides, catalytic activity is not obviously affected, which strengthens the important role of the carbon network in the operating stability. This study provides a new opportunity to realize high‐performance OER electrocatalysts by a general strategy on selenic acid etching assisted vacancy engineering.
Multiresponsive Nonvolatile Memories Based on Optically Switchable Ferroelectric Organic Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Carroli Marco , Dixon Alex G. , Herder Martin , Pavlica Egon , Hecht Stefan , Bratina Gvido , Orgiu Emanuele , Samorì Paolo 
Published: March 2021

AbstractOrganic transistors are key elements for flexible, wearable, and biocompatible logic applications. Multiresponsivity is highly sought‐after in organic electronics to enable sophisticated operations and functions. Such a challenge can be pursued by integrating more components in a single device, each one responding to a specific external stimulus. Here, the first multiresponsive organic device based on a photochromic–ferroelectric organic field‐effect transistor, which is capable of operating as nonvolatile memory with 11 bit memory storage capacity in a single device, is reported. The memory elements can be written and erased independently by means of light or an electric field, with accurate control over the readout signal, excellent repeatability, fast response, and high retention time. Such a proof of concept paves the way toward enhanced functional complexity in optoelectronics via the interfacing of multiple components in a single device, in a fully integrated low‐cost technology compatible with flexible substrates.
Advances in C(sp2)−H/C(sp2)−H Oxidative Coupling of (Hetero)arenes Using 3d Transition Metal Catalysts
Authors: Bansal Sadhna , Shabade Anand B. , Punji Benudhar 
Published: March 2021

AbstractC−H/C−H oxidative coupling has emerged as a straightforward and powerful technique for the construction of (hetero)biaryls, with substantial application to drug discovery, agrochemicals, biology, and material sciences. Mainly aryl‐aryl, aryl‐heteroaryl, and heteroaryl‐heteroaryl couplings via double C(sp2)−H activation using 4d or 5d noble transition metal catalysts have been extensively studied. Considering the earth‐abundant and inexpensive nature of 3d transition metals, the sustainable development of C(sp2)−H/C(sp2)−H oxidative coupling employing such metal catalysts has gained significant attention. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview of C(sp2)−H/C(sp2)−H oxidative coupling of (hetero)arenes catalyzed by 3d transition metals.magnified image
Performance and mechanism of the separation of C8 α‐olefin from F‐T synthesis products using novel Ag‐DES
Authors: Li Hu , Zhang Zisheng , Sun Guanlun , Liu Suli , An Liangcheng , Li Xingang , Li Hong , Gao Xin 
Published: March 2021

AbstractAs an attractive alternative technology for the separation of long chain olefin and paraffin, a novel silver‐based deep eutectic solvent (Ag‐DES) was prepared and utilized for 1‐octene/n‐octane separations. Comprehensive reactive extraction separation experiments were performed to highlight the Ag‐DES concentration and operating temperature discriminations using compounds with different ratio of 1‐octene/n‐octane. The novel Ag‐DES showed optimal separation performance regarding 1‐octene/n‐octane and possessed the highest levels separation selectivity in the range 3.57–16.11 with excellent circulation stability in our best knowledge. Furthermore, FT‐Raman measurements and quantum chemistry calculation were performed to elucidate the interaction mechanism of Ag‐DES in the separation of 1‐octene and n‐octane, which revealed that both chemical complexation and strong physical attraction existed in the complex of Ag‐DES and 1‐octene rather than n‐octane. A practical process was proposed for the separation of olefin and paraffin, which indicates that an advanced separation technology could largely reduce the energy consumption. This study lends important insight for the development of Ag‐DES reactive extraction separation process for the energy‐efficient long chain α‐olefins purification from F‐T synthesis products.
PdCl2‐Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization of N‐(2’‐Alkynylaryl)‐1,3‐ketoamides: Synthesis of 3,4‐Diacyl‐2‐Quinolones
Authors: Punjajom Kunlayanee , Tummatorn Jumreang , Ruchirawat Somsak , Thongsornkleeb Charnsak 
Published: March 2021

Abstract3,4‐Diacyl‐2‐quinolone derivatives were prepared in a rapid manner starting from N‐(2’‐alkynylaryl)‐1,3‐ketoamide substrates. The reaction showcased a mild radical process mediated by ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) in the presence of 5 mol% PdCl2 under basic conditions and was applicable to a wide range of substrates, giving 3,4‐diacyl‐2‐quinolone products in up to 91% yield in over 40 examples. The reaction proceeded via the generation of a radical intermediate which could be trapped as a TEMPO‐adduct that was isolated and fully characterized. The reported method provided a practical and scalable synthetic access to densely functionalized 3,4‐diacyl‐2‐quinolone derivatives which would be suitable for further applications including medicinal and bioactivity evaluations as well as synthetic transformations.
Latest Advancements in Transition‐Metal‐Free Carbon‐Heteroatom Bond Formation Reactions via Cross‐ Dehydrogenative Coupling
Authors: Batra Aanchal , Singh Pushpinder , Singh Kamal Nain 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe development of greener and atom economical methods for carbon‐heteroatom (C−Het) bond formation is of significant importance in synthetic organic chemistry. In this regard, metal‐free cross‐dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) represents an attractive approach as it is more facile and environment friendly. This review intends to focus on the recent developments in metal‐free CDC reactions for C−Het bond formation leading to the synthesis
Understanding the Reduction of Transition‐Metal Phosphates to Transition‐Metal Phosphides by Combining Temperature‐Programmed Reduction and Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Sheng Qiang , Li Xiang , Prins Roel , Liu Chunjing , Hao Qinglan , Chen Shaozhang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractTemperature‐programmed reduction of transition‐metal phosphate precursors is the most commonly used method for the preparation of transition‐metal phosphides (a new class of versatile metal catalysts), but the reduction processes are still not clear. Here we describe the construction of a temperature‐programmed reduction‐infrared spectroscopy apparatus (TPR‐IR) to analyze the gas flows during the reduction of nickel, molybdenum, and tungsten phosphates. PH3 and Pn+ species already appeared in the gas flows at low temperature (ca. 200 °C), and PH3 was involved in the formation of phosphides. The emission of PH3 and Pn+ during the reduction of the molybdenum and tungsten phosphates was smaller than that of the nickel phosphate. Ni2P drastically accelerated the formation of the PH3 and Pn+. These results explain why excess phosphorus is needed for the preparation of Ni2P, and also demonstrate that the TPR‐IR technique is an efficient method to understand the complex processes of catalyst preparation.
SIRT3 promotion reduces resistance to cisplatin in lung cancer by modulating the FOXO3/CDT1 axis
Authors: Cao Yang , Li Ping , Wang Haicun , Li Lei , Li Quanwang 
Published: March 2021

AbstractBackgroundCisplatin is an extensively used chemotherapy agent for lung cancer, but its drug resistance serves as a huge obstacle for chemotherapy failure of lung cancer patients. Hence, researchers aimed to determine role of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) considering its action in cisplatin resistance of lung cancer.MethodsThe expression patterns of SIRT3, FOXO3, and CDT1 were determined using RT‐qPCR and Immunoblotting in lung cancer. Immunofluorescence and Co‐IP were adopted to detect co‐localization and interaction of FOXO3 and CDT1. Loss‐ and gain‐function assays were conducted to determine roles of SIRT3, FOXO3, and CDT1 in resulting pathological changes, while biological behavior of cells was determined using a combination of CCK‐8, flow cytometry, colony formation, and Transwell assays. The effects of SIRT3 and CDT1 were determined in the nude mice xenografted with the tumor. The proliferation‐, angiogenesis‐, and apoptosis‐associated factors levels were determined using Immunoblotting.ResultsSIRT3, FOXO3, and CDT1 expression was suppressed in the lung cancer tissues and cells. FOXO3 positively regulates the CDT1 expression pattern and SIRT3 elevation inhibits FOXO3 at the acetylated level, thus, elevating FOXO3 expression. The elevation of SIRT3, FOXO3, or CDT1 inhibited cell cisplatin resistance of lung cancer cells as well as inhibited viability, proliferation, and invasion in vitro. In vivo experiments, SIRT3 depletion elevated Ki‐67 and VEGFA levels, but downregulated cleaved caspase 3 level.ConclusionCollectively, overexpressed SIRT3 elevates expression of FOXO3a/CDT1 axis, thus, contributing to enhanced sensitivity of lung cancer cells.
Findings from a Thematic Multidisciplinary Analysis of Child Practice Reviews in Wales
Authors: Rees Alyson M. , Fatemi‐Dehaghani Roxanna , Slater Thomas , Swann Rachel , Robinson Amanda L. 
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we report findings from a qualitative, multidisciplinary analysis of 20 Child Practice Reviews (CPRs) (previously Serious Case Review) in Wales. The reviews were analysed from three different disciplinary perspectives: law, criminology and practice (social work). The following cross‐cutting themes were identified from our coding of the reviews: (i) hierarchy of knowledge, where certain sources of knowledge were privileged over others; (ii) information sharing/recording, where deficiencies of sharing or recording of information were evident; (iii) partial assessment, where certain assessments were not always holistic; and lastly, (iv) voice of the child, where the experience or perspective of the child was not always considered. In addition, our analysis revealed a range of challenges to the CPR process as implemented. This paper is the first to explore themes emerging from (Welsh) CPRs and is also the first to do so from a multidisciplinary perspective. We conclude by highlighting the recommendations for practice, such as the need for greater learning pan‐Wales, regular publication of the major themes emerging from CPRs and the need for deposit of CPRs in a central repository to facilitate learning from reviews.‘Report[s] findings from a qualitative, multidisciplinary analysis of 20 Child Practice Reviews… in Wales’Key Practitioner MessagesThere is an urgent need for multidisciplinary training on contemporary data protection requirements as per the General Data Protection Regulation for all safeguarding boards.Creative methods are required to disseminate the messages from Child Practice Reviews more widely.Child Practice Reviews should be deposited and indexed in a central repository to facilitate learning across Wales.Guidance and training for Child Practice Reviews should be revisited, so that the child is repositioned at the centre of the process and the voice of the child is heard.
Model‐based Analysis of Fixed‐bed and Membrane Reactors of Various Scale
Authors: Walter Jan P. , Brune Andreas , Seidel‐Morgenstern Andreas , Hamel Christof 
Published: March 2021

AbstractA packed‐bed membrane reactor in a distributor configuration is studied theoretically for the oxidative propane dehydrogenation and compared with a fixed‐bed reactor. Based on detailed 2D models considering two different heat and mass transport models the reactor scale‐up including various reactor‐to‐particle diameter ratios (D/dP) is analyzed with respect to reactor performance, heat transfer and hot spot formation. Higher selectivities at lower hot spot temperatures occur in the packed‐bed membrane reactor for the same reaction conditions.
Reinforcing Magnetorheological Fluids with Highly Anisotropic 2D Materials
Authors: Rendos Abigail , Li Ran , Woodman Stephanie , Ling Xi , Brown Keith A. 
Published: March 2021

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the group of Professor Keith Brown at Boston University. The image shows the magnetorheological fluid in a pressure‐driven flow and highlights the length scales of the magnetic particles and highly anisotropic 2D sheets. Read the full text of the Article at 10.1002/cphc.202000948.
Metal‐Free Organic Luminophores that Exhibit Dual Fluorescence and Phosphorescence Emission at Room Temperature
Authors: Shimizu Masaki , Sakurai Tsuneaki 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDual‐fluorescent–phosphorescent compounds have attracted increasing attention in various fields, such as bio‐imaging, data protection/encryption, ratiometric luminescence sensing, and white‐light emission. Conventional dual‐emissive compounds contain a phosphorescent organometallic complex of a precious metal, such as iridium or platinum. However, the use of precious metals in organic materials has several drawbacks. This Minireview focuses on precious‐metal‐free organic light‐emitting materials that exhibit dual fluorescence and phosphorescence emission in the solid state at room temperature to produce bimodal steady‐state emission spectra. The dual emitters presented herein are categorized into the following six compound classes: (1) difluoroboron diaroylmethanes, (2) diarylketones, (3) diarylsulfones, (4) triazines and pyrimidines, (5) fused phenazines, and (6) N‐arylcarbazoles.
Shortcomings in reporting contributions towards the sustainable development goals
Authors: Diaz‐Sarachaga Jose Manuel 
Published: March 2021

AbstractDespite stakeholder pressure boosts companies to help achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs), only 36% of Spanish firms have implemented a corporate strategy towards the 2030 Agenda. Furthermore, the correlation between the SDGs and corporate sustainability reporting systems has barely been studied. This research aims at identifying gaps in reporting on corporate contributions in the SDGs by examining the global reporting initiative (GRI) standards and annual reports disclosed by the Spanish industry leaders in the Dow Jones sustainability world index in 2018 and 2019. Findings revealed a high inconsistency between GRI disclosures and actions performed by firms. Intangibility, omission of negative impacts, poor standardization, diversity of criteria and lack of comparability are the main features of corporate reporting employed by enterprises. The design of a quantitative framework that enables the standardization and measurement of positive and negative corporate contributions in the achievement of the SDGs was suggested.