bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of technology to increase economic value and consumer preferences of tilapia, stingray and cow leather products
Authors: Sahubawa L , Atmoko C R , Sasongko S 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Technological innovation in the business world can immediately increase the novelty, economic value, added value & market segment of commercial products. Preservation, tanning & processing technology can increase the novelty, economic value & market segment of commercial leather products. The objective of the research is to examine the impact of technological innovation on the economic value, added value & consumer preferences for fish leather products. This study uses market segmentation, value-added, consumer preferences and descriptive methods. The economic value of commercial fish skin products are as follows: (1) preservation technology produces economic value of fresh tilapia skin of IDR 3,000 per sheet, stingray skin of IDR 50,000 & cowhide of IDR 5,000; (2) tanning technology produces economic value for tilapia skin of IDR 7,500 per sheet, stingray skin of IDR 125,000 and cowhide of IDR 10,000; (3) the design and technology of processing a 3-in-1 tilapia skin wallet produces an economic value of IDR 300,000; 3-in-1 stingray skin wallet for IDR 400,000 & 3-in-1 cowhide wallet for IDR 240,000. The added value of the 3-in-1 tilapia skin wallets is IDR 441,000; stingray leather wallet which is IDR 650,000 & 3-in-1 cowhide wallet is IDR 235,000. The average value of consumer preferences for commercial tilapia, stingray & cow leather wallets are 85%, 90% & 75%. The highest consumer preferences are based on the attributes of color, shape and price.
The effect of tapioca flour and milk powder on the quality of analog mushroom processed from surimi
Authors: Suryaningrum T D , Hastarini E , Ayudiarti D L , Sari R N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Surimi is a myofibril protein concentrate that can be processed into various innovative analog products. Innovation surimi research into analog mushroom products was formulated with tapioca flour (12% & 15% ) and milk powder (2.5% & 5%) has been done. The surimi that was formulated using both ingredients and other material was molded and steamed to become a surimi jelly in mushroom shape. Observations of analog mushroom were made on proximate analysis, pH, texture profile, colour, and sensory evaluation. The results showed that the more tapioca concentrations added, will affect of the decrease of ash and protein content, texture profile value (springiness, cohesiveness), and sensory value (appearance, texture and taste), but increase of hardness, brightness (L* value) and yellowness (+b*) of analog mushrooms. While the addition of concentration milk powder has an effect increasing of fat content, brightness (L* value) and texture profile value (gumminess & chewingness). Mushroom analogs treated with 12% tapioca flour and 5% milk powder produce analog mushroom that have physical (lightness, L* value), texture profile value (hardness, springeness, cohesiveness, gummines and chewingness) and sensory properties (texture and taste) better compared to other treatments
The effect of pH on bacterial growth and histamine formation by Klebsiella pneumoniae CK02 and Raoultella ornithinolytica TN01
Authors: Alya’ainun R , Fathoni E Y , Puspita I D 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The present work describes the effect of pH on the growth rate and histamine formation by Klebsiella pneumoniae CK02 and Raoultella ornithinolytica TN01. Bacteria were inoculated on Tuna Fish Infusion Broth media with pH 5, 6, 7, 8 at 30°C for 6 hours. Sampling was conducted at 0, 3, and 6 hours to observe the bacteria number and calculate the histamine content formed in the medium. The number of bacteria was calculated using the Total Plate Count method, and the histamine content was analyzed using Thin Layer Chromatography with a combination of ImageJ software. Growth data and incubation time were plotted in the DMFit program to obtain growth rates. The effect of pH on growth rate and histamine formation was analyzed by ANOVA test and Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results revealed that pH affects the growth rate and histamine formation of K. pneumoniae CK02 and R. ornithinolytica TN01. The optimal growth rate of K. pneumoniae CK02 was in the range of 6-8 (0.304-0.380 log CFU/h), with the highest histamine formation ability at pH 7 (824 ppm). R. ornithinolytica TN01 had an optimal growth rate at pH 6-7 (0.480-0.508 log CFU/ml), with optimal ability to produce histamine at pH 6-8 (620-1,077.5 ppm). At pH 5, the growth rate and the ability of histamine formation by K. pneumoniae CK02 and R. ornithinolytica TN01 were inhibited.
Removal of heavy metals from green mussels (Perna viridis) using pineapple (Ananas comosus) solution as a source of citric acid
Authors: Swastawati F , Rizkirana S R , Romadhon  , Muniroh M , Mulyono  , Nugraheni A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Green mussel is a type of shellfish that is widely consumed by humans. Excessive consumption of green mussels can be harmful to health because they are prone to contain heavy metals. One of the methods to reduce the heavy metal content of green mussels is to use citric acid in the pineapple solution. The Green mussel was soaked in pineapple solution for 30 min, 60 min and 90 min. The content of heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, and As was analyzed by ICP-MS. The results showed that after soaking green mussels in pineapple solution for 30 minutes, they reduced 85% Pb, 80,95% Cd, and 53,23% As. The duration of soaking green mussels in pineapple solution for 30 minutes overall had a better quality than soaking for 60 and 90 minutes, with a moisture content of 74,43 + 0,39 (%), protein content 15,21 + 0,35 (%), pH level 6,74 + 0,10, organoleptic with a confidence interval of 7,48<μ< 7,54.
Effect of salting time on formaldehyde content of dried salted Indo-Pacific mackerel
Authors: Poernomo Achmad , Widyastutik I , Purnamasari H B , Ariyani F 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This paper reports an analysis of formaldehyde in dried salted short mackerel (Rastrelliger brachysoma) which was intentionally added with formaldehyde compared to those that was not. The purpose was to see whether salting could cover up the illegal use of formaldehyde. Mackerel was obtained from one day fishing landed at Karangantu Fishing Port, Serang-West Java. The fish was transported in ice by road (3 hours) to the laboratory in Jakarta, and divided into two groups upon arrival. One group was soaked in 3% (w/v) formaldehyde solution for 30 minutes, while another group was not (control treatment). They were then salted in saturated brine for 12 and 24 hours at ambient temperature and sun dried subsequently to 40% moisture content or less. The formaldehyde content of raw materials was in the range of 1.4-1.7 ppm, indicating that natural formaldehyde was present in the fish. Soaking in 3% formaldehyde solution for 30 minutes significantly increased fish formaldehyde content from 1.4-1.7 to 154-157 ppm, and decreased to 42.3-58.1 after 24 and 12h salting which then dropped to 25.0-35.9 ppm after drying, respectively. Those of control showed a slight decrease after salting and increase after drying, i.e. 2.7-3.4% in the final products. This results indicate that salting could not disguise the illegal use of formaldehyde to preserve raw materials, however small amount of formaldehyde in dried salted fish could be regarded natural formaldehyde of the fish.
Quality of carrageenan extracted from Eucheuma cottonii cultivated at three different locations in Lampung
Authors: Subaryono  , Utomo B S B , Basmal J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study aims to compare the quality of carrageenan extracted from Eucheuma cottonii harvested from three different seaweed cultivation locations at Ketapang, South Lampung. The three locations selected were Ruguk, Legundi and Tri Dharma Yoga Villages. Some important quality parameters were observed to compare the quality of carrageenan covering yield, viscosity and gel strength, in addition, the other three supporting parameters were moisture, ash, and acid insoluble ash content. Results showed that the viscosity of carrageenan from the three locations ranged from 736.67-936.67 cP and gel strength 487.77-538.22 g/cm2, while moisture, ash and acid insoluble ash content were 12.09-13.94%, 16.28-17.13%, and 0.27-0.33%, respectively. It was concluded that the quality of carrageenan from Legundi Village was the best compared to those from the two other villages.
The Fortification Effects of Sea Grapes (Caulerpa racemosa) Powder on Color and Sensory of Hakau Dim Sum Wrappers
Authors: Windrayani E , Ekantari N 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Sea grapes (Caulerpa racemosa) are green seaweeds that include containing dietary fiber, antioxidant compounds, and natural dyeing colours such as chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments. Sea grapes’ green tint, when ground into powder, has the potential to be used as a coloring agent. It can be used as an alternative dyeing agent and product diversification on hakau dim sum wrappers. The purpose of this study was to determine how adding sea grapes powder affected the physical properties (color and folding test) and sensory attributes (time-intensity) of hakau dim sum wrappers. The research was conducted by manufacturing sea grape powder and the wrappers by hand. Caulerpa racemosa was added in various concentration (0%; 1.5%; 3%; 4.5%; and 6%) (w/w). The dough was molded with a thickness of no.5 pasta maker with 8 cm diameter. The wrappers were physically tested and steamed for 15 minutes for sensory testing. As a result, wrappers fortified with sea grape powder show green colour and stand up the transparent characteristics. Lightness (L*) and redness (a*) decreased with increasing concentration of sea grape powder which indicated dark green wrappers color. Sea grape powder affected raw wrappers in the folding test. Time-intensity evaluation looked at the gelatinized flour flavor and sea grapes flavor. The result shows the gelatinized flour flavor reached the highest peak in the control wrappers, while the concentration of 6% had the highest intensity of sea grapes flavor and the lowest gelatinized flour flavor. In conclusion, the addition of sea grape powder resulted in a transparent green dim sum wrapper, decreased folding score for raw and the sea grapes flavor was more dominant than the gelatinized flour flavor.
Productivity of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei, Boone 1931) on semi-intensive cultivation ponds in Parangtritis Village, Bantul Regency
Authors: Triyatmo B , Solin M Y 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the productivity of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei, Boone 1931) in semi-intensive ponds in Parangtritis Village, Bantul Regency. The study was conducted from January to February 2021. The study was conducted by direct observation of two ponds with a stocking density of average 95 shrimps larvae/m2. The ponds studied had the same area of 2,000 m2, the depth of pond water was 1 m at the edge and 1.5 m in the middle, and the water volume was about 2,500 m3. The source of water was pumped directly from the sea water of Parangtritis Beach, Indian Ocean. The data of ponds shrimp production were obtained from observations of shrimp harvests at that time (as primary data) and yields of several cycles from 2014 to 2020 (as secondary data). The results of data collection were presented descriptively. The results showed that the shrimps were reared in the ponds for each production cycle within 76 to 120 days (average 95 days), harvesting was done partially (1 to 4 times), with pond productivity ranging from 14,600 to 41,175 kg of shrimp/hectare/cycle (average 25,133 kg shrimp/hectare/cycle), feed conversion ratio 1.0 to 2.2 (average 1.3) and survival rate 67 to 100% (average 95%). The productivity of ponds at Parangtritis Village coastal were higher than other Bantul Regency coastal area. These were probably because of : the quantity and quality of water sources were better; the layout of the pond were not too crowded; and stocking densities could be higher and shrimp were partially harvested.
The replacement of fish meal with fermented Moringa leaves meal and its effect on the immune response of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)
Authors: Helmiati S , Rustadi  , Isnansetyo A , Zuprizal  
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Moringa (Moringa oleifera) has frequently been studied as an alternative and promising protein source in fish feed. Moringa leaves is among the potential and affordable plant-based protein source ingredient, as it protein, vitamin, beta-carotene, and various kind of minerals. Flavonoid, saponin, vitamin and alkaloids reportedly exhibit immune-stimulating activity which increase immune response. This study aims to evaluate the replacement of fish meal with fermented Moringa leaves meal in feed on the immune response of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). The research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design by four treatments in triplicate. The treatments include replacement of the fish meal with fermented moringa leaves meal at 0, 10, 20, and 30 %. Red tilapia with total length of 9 to 10 cm was fed twice daily for two months at a feeding rate of 3 % of total biomass. The results showed that replacement fish meal with fermented Moringa leaves meal as much as 20 % increases the percentage values of hematocrit and leukocrit, stimulates phagocytic activity and phagocytic index, suppresses monocyte and increases lymphocytes, and increases total plasma protein.
Effects of encapsulated Bacillus sp. D2.2 on gut bacterial composition and immune system in brown-marbled grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus
Authors: Harpeni E , Firanti G R , Ghani R M , Wardiyanto  
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn the aquaculture industry, the application of probiotics is well known widely used to control disease, improve water quality and reduce demands for the use of antibiotics or disinfectants. However, some local gut bacteria can bind to harmful bacterial component. For better efficacy of probiotics in the digestive tract of carnivorous fish, encapsulation can be a simple, harmless, and improved method to maintain the microflora of the digestive tract thereby enhancing the immune system of fish. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of encapsulated probioticBacillussp. D2.2.on gut bacterial communities and immune system in brown-marbled grouperEpinephelus fuscoguttatus. One hundred fish weighing about 40 g were divided randomly into five groups including negative control and positive control groups which were fed by a commercial diet only and a diet containing probiotic respectively, the third to fifth groups were fed by 1, 2, and 3 g/kg encapsulated probiotics dose of feed respectively. The results showed that encapsulated probiotic increase viability of probiotic bacteria and also affect the abundance of lactic acid bacteria. Immune response of the brown-marbled grouper also increased significantly after the application of encapsulated probiotics.
Effect of Particle Size and Composition of Marble Quarry Waste on the Properties of Artificial Marble
Authors: Samad H A , Rashid R A , Zakaria Z 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize and investigate the performance of local marble quarry waste to assess its use as filler in producing artificial marble. Marble waste was obtained from marble quarry located in Simpang Pulai, Ipoh and sieved into two different sizes; < 2mm as coarse particle and < 250 μm as fine particle. The artificial marble was prepared under vacuum condition and the composition of fine and coarse particles were modified between 40-70% (wt.) and 0-30% (wt.), respectively. The artificial marble was evaluated their performance by water absorption, flexural strength, compression strength, and Barcol hardness properties. It was found that artificial marble prepared with 60% (wt.) of fine particle and 10% (wt.) of coarse particle showed the best overall properties leading to a lowest water absorption and good flexural and compression strength. However, modification of marble waste content in the composition of artificial marble showed insignificant influence on Barcol hardness properties.
Impact of Indian almond leaves on aquarium water quality
Authors: Shams S , Sahu J N , Zambree M , Taha A , Karri R R 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
There are very few studies done to understand the impact of Indian almond leaves (IAL) on aquarium water quality. Therefore, in this study, Indian almond leaves (IAL) were used to investigate the impacts on water quality in an aquarium with Betta fish as they are hardy fish, tolerant to changes in water quality, comparatively cheaper and more readily available in tropical countries. For this study, the powdered form of IAL was used for faster dilution or mixing. As for the aquarium tank, smaller tanks with a capacity of 4.5 litres are used since Betta fish is small in size and it is easy to be accommodated in the aquarium. The various dosage of IAL in power form (0-200 mg/L) was used to determine physical, chemical and biological parameters of aquarium water quality in the presence of Betta fish. The parameters were Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), turbidity, pH, chlorine and survivability test and tests were conducted on day 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28. All experiments had an increasing value of DO until Day 21 and gradually decreased, while BOD5 increased with increased IAL dosage. Ammonia concentration increased between day 5-10 and then started to decline at day 21 and pH values were decreasing with increased IAL dosage. The total coliform test has the highest total coliform count on day 28 for IAL dosage. The study revealed that Betta fish could survive for 28 days without any application of de-chlorinator. The optimum dosage of 50 mg/L of IAL can eliminate any requirement for de-chlorination for Betta fish.
Sound Performances of Partition Board from Waste Materials
Authors: Kassim U , Nur S A , Kamarudin M N , Rahim M A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
This study is on the sound performances of a selected number of partition boards in Industrialised Building System (IBS) buildings. The proposed bespoke board were made from squandered or waste materials, namely, coconut shells and newspapers. Each board had been tested for six different distances from the speaker in four different levels of sound, changing the level of the sound frequency. Thereon, the results were analysed. The average result of each board with various distances from the sound source, starting from 0 cm to 220 cm, was combined into under one sound level. The percentage of the noise reduction coefficient is designated by the vertical line whereas the levels of the sound is designated by the horizontal line. Point 1 stands for the low frequency and low intensity test. Point 2 stands for low frequency and high intensity test. The board that is being made of 80% coconut shell, 15% cement and 5% newspaper has an average of noise reduction coefficient of 0.21 in low frequency and low intensity, 0.21 in low frequency and high intensity, 0.24 in high frequency, high intensity and 0.12 in high frequency low intensity.
Copper Ions Removal by PSF-Si Spiral Wound Membranes of Different Porosity
Authors: Mokhtar H , Muhamad N S , Rahman N A A , Ayob A , Ishak S A 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Effluent discharged from various industries is one of the point sources of pollutions that affect the water quality. The effluent contains a high concentration of hazardous compounds of metal ions. Membrane technology using ultrafiltration membrane had proven successful in treating physical and organic impurities from water and wastewater. The importance of this study was to clarify the effectiveness of additive concentration in nanofiltration membrane for heavy metals removal. The physicochemical characteristics and copper ions removal efficiencies were determined for a different amount of silica extracted from sugarcane bagasse as an additive added to polysulfone polymer membranes. The PSF-Si membranes were fabricated via the phase inversion technique. The results show that silica in the formulation and fabrication of polysulfone membrane gives added value to membrane porosity, water content, and hydrophilicity. The most effective membrane in removing copper ions was the membranes with the lowest silica content, which is PSF-21 Si-2. The PSF-21 Si-2 membrane is hydrophilic, attracts a large amount of water, and gives a pure water flux of 56 L/m2hr to pass through the membrane. Moreover, the copper rejection increased from 92% to 98% as the copper concentration increased for the best membrane formulation PSF-21 Si-2.
Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination in Lower Klang River
Authors: Sefie M A , Mohamad I N , Baharudin F , Kassim J 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
Estuarine and coastal environments are known to be major sinks for heavy metals. This ecosystem and its sustainability should be secured using the ecological as indicators. This study is conducted to quantify the heavy metal concentration and to assess the potential ecological risk levels of heavy metals in the sediments from Klang River Estuary. Three typical heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) were identified. The surface sediment samples were collected from three sampling stations. The concentration of heavy metals in the sediments were arrange in a decreasing sequence of Pb > Zn > Cd. A range of pollution indicators based on single pollution indices such as Contamination Factor, Contamination Degree, Pollution Load Index and Geoaccumulation Index were considered for ecological risk analysis. In conclusion, the ecological risk levels of heavy metals in the sediments from Lower Klang River were low and unpolluted. However, an overall assessment regarding to the heavy metals’ concentrations, spatial distribution and their potential sources need to be monitored for a better understanding of the water-sediment interaction.
Assessment of Nutrient Usage and Discharge in Tomato Greenhouse
Authors: Suffian N M , Nguyen M N , Yokota K , Inoue T 
Published: November 2021

Abstract
One of the contributors to eutrophication is from agricultural wastewater which contained nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. The agricultural industry in Japan has practice greenhouse plantation recently. In this study, the amount of nutrient concentration and load in the wastewater were investigated. Water samples from water supply, soil medium and effluent were collected at a greenhouse in Japan which cultivated tomato plants in coconut husk medium. The assessment was conducted every two weeks for regular monitoring for three months. The results showed that concentrations of all nutrients have same concentration level in the water supply samples from January 13th to March 15th. The concentration of supplied nutrient on March 29th increased due to high concentration of nutrients in medium water samples which preventing the nutrient uptake by the plant. The nutrient uptake by the plants were in the same range which NH4-N was between 13.6 mg/L to 14.99 mg/L, NO2-N was between 2.3 to 2.5 mg/L, NO3-N was between 135.9 mg/L to 152.5 mg/L and PO4-P was between 70.12 to 76.64 mg/L. The concentration of nutrients in drainage was below the permissible limit of Japan’s Effluent Standard. As a result, it can be concluded that using greenhouses as an alternative farming method contributes in reducing nutrient discharge by controlling the nutrient supply to the plants.