bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of halloysite nanotube modification on wear behavior of carbon‐aramid fiber reinforced hybrid nanocomposites
Authors: Çetin Mehmet Emin , Baştosun Yusuf , Tatar Ahmet Caner , CETIN M. Huseyin , Demir Okan , Önal Gürol , Avcı Ahmet 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn this study, the carbon‐aramid fiber reinforced hybrid composites are fabricated using a vacuum‐assisted hand lay‐up method using halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) modified epoxy matrix. Ball‐on‐disk wear tests are performed to analyze the tribological effect of neat and HNTs‐added specimens at 10, 15, and 20 N loads and 1 m/s sliding speed. Additionally, the wear rate and friction coefficient results are obtained to investigate the effect of the HNTs on the tribological behavior of hybrid composites. The wear mechanism of neat and nanocomposite specimens is specified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, and the elemental analysis of worn surfaces is performed using EDX. Finally, the surface morphology is evaluated with 3D topography images. Additionally, thermal camera images are used to identify the thermal conductivity effect of HNTs on wear. The wear test results show that HNTs‐addition to composite decreased the friction coefficient by 9%, 10%, and 11% for 10 N, 15 N, and 20 N loadings, respectively. The wear rate is also decreased average by 75% for wear loadings. Surface form images acquired from 3D topography support the enhancement in the friction coefficient and wear rate values. Furthermore, thermal camera images show that thermal conductivity improvement on the contact region is attributed to well thermal properties of HNTs. Furthermore, the solid‐lubricant characteristic of HNTs as forming tribofilm is determined as the main reason for the enhanced tribological performance of nanocomposites. Finally, a detailed wear mechanism is proposed to explain the wear behavior of HNTs‐added carbon‐aramid hybrid composites based on SEM images.
Evaluation of suitable onium tetrafluoroborates for cationic polymerization of epoxides
Authors: Taschner Roland , Liska Robert , Knaack Patrick 
Published: November 2021

AbstractEpoxides are frequently used in coatings due to their great adhesion to most materials, high resistance towards chemicals and well‐defined material properties. Onium salts such as iodonium and sulfonium salts are one of the most widespread classes of initiators used in light‐induced cationic polymerization of such epoxides. We successfully synthesized onium salts based on group 14 to 16 elements in the periodic table. They were then characterized using cyclic voltammetry and UV–visible spectroscopy before determining their reactivity in epoxy‐based resins. Using commercial bisphenol‐A‐based resins, thiopyrylium, bismuithonium and pyrylium salts show good reactivity and epoxy group conversions above 60% in simultaneous thermal analysis. Photochemically interesting new cationic initiators were identified to be oxonium, thiopyrylium and selenonium salts. Additionally, bismuthonium and stibonium salts show great potential towards sensitization with anthracene. © 2021 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Fourteen percent efficiency ultrathin silicon solar cells with improved infrared light management enabled by hole‐selective transition metal oxide full‐area rear passivating contacts
Authors: Nasser Hisham , Borra Mona Zolfaghari , Çiftpınar Emine Hande , Eldeeb Basil , Turan Raşit 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe present study investigates the application of hole‐selective transition metal oxide (TMO) layers (MoOx, V2Ox, and WOx) with silver (Ag) as full‐area rear contact to 22.5 μm‐thick low‐quality Cz p‐type c‐Si solar cells. Thin films of metal oxides are deposited directly on p‐type c‐Si by thermal evaporation at room temperature. The large work function of these TMOs creates strong accumulation at the interface with p‐type c‐Si, which allows only holes to transport and simultaneously suppress the interfacial recombination current density (J0) and contact resistivity (ρc). The current generation and losses of 22.5 μm‐thick solar cells with different hole‐selective TMO/Ag at the rear are simulated. The presence of TMO/Ag at the rear is found to significantly reduce parasitic light absorption at longer wavelengths which becomes more pronounced for ultrathin wafers, providing significant advantages over conventional Al contact. The best device performance was attained by the MoOx/p‐type c‐Si solar cells, demonstrating a considerably high efficiency (η) of 14% with Voc of 555 mV, FF of 76.0%, and Jsc of 33.2 mA/cm2. Furthermore, the present work is the first to employ MoOx, V2Ox, and WOx as rear contact in ultrathin p‐type c‐Si solar cells.
Descriptive proteomics of paired human vocal fold and buccal mucosa tissue
Authors: Grossmann Tanja , Darnhofer Barbara , Birner‐Gruenberger Ruth , Kirsch Andrijana , Gugatschka Markus 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe vast majority of voice disorders is associated with changes of the unique, but delicate, human vocal fold mucosa. The ability to develop new effective treatment methods is significantly limited by the physical inaccessibility and the extremely rare occasions under which healthy tissue biopsies can be obtained. Therefore, the interest in laryngological research has shifted to human oral (buccal) mucosa, a similar and more easily available tissue. The harvesting process is less invasive and accompanied with faster healing and less scarring, compared to vocal fold mucosa. Here we report a descriptive proteomic comparison of paired human buccal and vocal fold mucosa by high‐resolution mass spectrometry (CID‐MS/MS). Our study identified a total of 1575 proteins detected within both tissues that are highly consistent in several crucial biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions. Hence, our proteomic analysis will provide a fundamental resource for the laryngological research community.
Low‐frequency collective motion of DNA‐binding domain defines p53 function
Authors: Zhang Guangxu , Tang Chao , Pan Lexin , Lü Junhong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractMost mutations in the DNA‐binding domain (DBD) of p53 inactivate or rescue the protein function interacting with the minor groove of DNA. However, how the conformation changes propagating from the mutation sites result in distinct molecular recognition is still not well understood. As the protein mobility is an intrinsic property encrypted in its primary structure, we examined if different structures of wild‐type and mutant p53 core domains display any unique patterns of intrinsic mobility. Normal mode calculation was employed to characterize the collective dynamics of DBD in p53 monomer and tetramer as well as their mutants. Intriguingly, the low‐frequency collective motions of DBD show similar patterns between the wild‐type protein and the rescued mutants. The analysis on atomic backbone fluctuations and low‐frequency vibration mode statistics does further support the correlation between the intrinsic collective motion of DBD and the p53 protein function. The mutations in the DBD influence the low‐frequency vibration of the p53 tetramer via the change of the collective motions among its four monomers. These findings thus provide new insights for understanding the physical mechanism of p53 protein structure–function relationship and help find the small molecule drug to modulate protein dynamic for disease therapy.
Loss prevention learnings from Beirut and similar ammonium nitrate explosions
Authors: Boeck Lorenz R. , Mahan Patrick W. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe recent catastrophic explosion in Beirut highlights how the safe handling and storage of solid ammonium nitrate (AN) is of paramount importance. This article discusses the explosion hazard of solid AN from a fundamental and historical perspective and focuses on the main mechanisms that contributed to past events, including fire, contamination, product degradation, and shock. Critical loss prevention recommendations are summarized, referencing the recent major update to FM Global Loss Prevention Data Sheet 7‐89 from January 2021. Last, a method to predict the explosive yield for explosions of solid AN in storage is presented.
Optimization and field evaluation of sex‐pheromone of potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Authors: Yan Junjie , Zhang Mengdi , Ali Abid , Du Xia , Mei Xiangdong , Gao Yulin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella is a key pest of potato and tobacco in China. We compared the sex pheromone titers released by P. operculella female, and the electroantennogram (EAG) responses of male antennae to pheromone compounds under laboratory conditions. Then, the optimal sex pheromone ratio was screened in the field.RESULTSThe P. operculella sex pheromone feeding on potato or tobacco was extracted by solvent‐extraction method. Main sex pheromone compounds including E4, Z7‐13: AC (PTM1) and E4, Z7, Z10‐13: AC (PTM2) were found in gland. The titer and relative ratio of P. operculella sex pheromone compounds secreted by female adult moths differ between host populations, while the relative EAG responses trend of P. operculella males to the pheromone components were the same when directly stimulated. In field trials, PTM1:PTM2 = 8:1–4:1 and PTM1:PTM2 = 1:4–1:7 was the most attractive ratio to P. operculella males in tobacco and potato fields, respectively. During 2019–2020, after 8 weeks of mass trapping for each year, the sex pheromone could reduce the population of P. operculella in the potato and tobacco fields.CONCLUSIONSIn this study, fixed property and quantity analyzing methods were adopted to compare sex pheromones from feeding on potato versus tobacco. EAG tests then were carried out on P. operculella males. Finally, we optimized the ratio of two sex pheromone compounds in potato and examined how this influenced field trapping. By further improving the parameters of sex pheromone application in the field, we demonstrate that deployment of sex pheromones can provide effective control of P. operculella. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Prediction of cytochromes P450 3A and 2C19 modulation by both inflammation and drug interactions using physiologically based pharmacokinetics
Authors: Lenoir Camille , Niederer Amine , Rollason Victoria , Desmeules Jules Alexandre , Daali Youssef , Samer Caroline Flora 
Published: November 2021

AbstractXenobiotics can interact with cytochromes P450 (CYPs), resulting in drug–drug interactions, but CYPs can also contribute to drug–disease interactions, especially in the case of inflammation, which downregulates CYP activities through pretranscriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), a key proinflammatory cytokine, is mainly responsible for this effect. The aim of our study was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to foresee the impact of elevated IL‐6 levels in combination with drug interactions with esomeprazole on CYP3A and CYP2C19. Data from a cohort of elective hip surgery patients whose CYP3A and CYP2C19 activities were measured before and after surgery were used to validate the accurate prediction of the developed models. Successive steps were to fit models for IL‐6, esomeprazole, and omeprazole and its metabolite from the literature and to validate them. The models for midazolam and its metabolite were obtained from the literature. When appropriate, a correction factor was applied to convert drug concentrations from whole blood to plasma. Mean ratios between simulated and observed areas under the curve for omeprazole/5‐hydroxy omeprazole, esomeprazole, and IL‐6 were 1.53, 1.06, and 0.69, respectively, indicating an accurate prediction of the developed models. The impact of IL‐6 and esomeprazole on the exposure to CYP3A and CYP2C19 probe substrates and respective metabolites were correctly predicted. Indeed, the ratio between predicted and observed mean concentrations were <2 for all observations (ranging from 0.51 to 1.7). The impact of IL‐6 and esomeprazole on CYP3A and CYP2C19 activities after a hip surgery were correctly predicted with the developed PBPK models.
Design of a robust T2 control chart, a re‐sampling approach
Authors: Mahpouya Forough , Shahriari Hamid , Roghanian Emad 
Published: November 2021

AbstractIn constructing any control chart, the sample size and the number of samples taken are important issues. When destructive tests are applied to collect data, the sample size and the number of subsamples are usually limited. Lack of sufficient observations affects parameters estimates. Re‐sampling techniques are always suggested to increase the accuracy of parameters estimates. Also, the presence of outlying observations severely affect re‐sampling and the estimates of the underlying distribution parameters. The limited sample size, limited number of subsamples and presence of outliers are more important in multivariate process analysis. In this study, bootstrap re‐sampling technique and robust estimators of mean vector and variance‐covariance matrix are simultaneously utilized to design a multivariate robust T2 control chart to address the three problems in hand. The performance of the proposed robust T2 control chart is evaluated and compared to the Hotelling T2 control chart by means of average run length (ARL). Simulation results indicate that the suggested robust T2 control chart outperforms the Hotelling T2 in presence of outliers and similarly when there is no outlier. Design of robust control chart for processes generating auto‐correlated data applying bootstrap re‐sampling technique is an area for further research.
Development of various methods to the investigation of the spectral properties and collision dynamics of H‐like ions taking place in dense and hot plasma environments
Authors: Chen Zhan‐Bin , Liu Peng‐Fei , Sun Hua‐Yang , Qi Yue‐Ying , Zhao Guo‐Peng , Shen Xiao‐Zhi , Jiao Li‐Guang , Ma Kun , Wang Kai , Li Xiang‐Dong 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe correct understanding of the behavior of highly stripped ions immersed in a dense plasma environment is a hitherto challenge for theory and it is of importance in various applications. Here, we developed four kinds of novel theoretical models to the determination of the spectral properties and collision dynamics of H‐like ions in dense and hot plasmas by employing the analytical potential [Li et al., Phys. Plasmas 2019, 26, 033301] to describe the interactions among the charged particles: (i) The electron photon processes in plasma model within the relativistic scheme; (ii) The multiconfiguration Dirac–Fock model within the framework of relativistic self‐consistent iteration approximation; (iii) The generalized pseudospectral method within the relativistic framework; and (iv) An analytic formula based on the Hartree–Fock method and the irreducible tensor theory within the non‐relativistic regime, derived from a solution of Schrödinger equation. As a typical example, energy eigenvalues, radiative transition properties, spectral line shifts, and electron impact excitation and ionization cross sections of the selected N6+ and Ne9+ ions are determined for several temperature‐density cases, characteristic of inertial confinement fusion plasmas. A comparison of these results with each other and the results from earlier calculations as well as with the available experimental data is provided. Systematic trend is determined for all the properties under study concerning increased screening. The present study not only extends our understanding of the dense plasma shielding effects, but also opens the way for future investigations allowing accurate predictions of spectral properties of ions in dense and hot plasmas aimed at providing precision data for various practical applications.
Neural network‐based tracking control of autonomous marine vehicles with unknown actuator dead‐zone
Authors: Ma Min , Wang Tong , Guo Runsheng , Qiu Jianbin 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThis article studies the neural‐network based backstepping control problem for autonomous marine vehicles perturbed by external disturbances. The actuator dead‐zone phenomenon, which is a common non‐smooth property caused by the complicated operating environment of autonomous marine vehicles, is also considered. To cope with the issue of “complexity explosion” and further decrease the tracking errors, a command filtering compensation strategy is also proposed, which guarantees satisfactory tracking performance and boundedness of the closed‐loop system signals. Finally, simulation studies are given to further demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Copper‐Catalyzed One‐Pot, Three‐Component Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2‐c]quinazolines and Benzimidazo[1,2‐c]quinazolines
Authors: Nandwana Nitesh K. , Bhawani  , Shinde Vikki N. , Kumar Anil 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA highly efficient copper‐catalyzed three component, one‐pot reaction has been described for the synthesis of imidazo[1,2‐c]quinazolines and benzimidozo[1,2‐c]quinazolines from 2‐(2‐bromophenyl)‐1H‐imidazoles/benzimidazoles using benzyl alcohol or benzylamine as benzaldehyde surrogate and sodium azide as nitrogen source. Various functional groups were well tolerated and desired products were obtained in moderate to good yields. The reaction involves copper‐catalyzed sequential azidation of 2‐(2‐bromophenyl)‐1H‐imidazoles/benzimidazoles through SNAr reaction and reductive amination followed by oxidative condensation with benzyl alcohols or benzylamines. The significant practical advantages of the protocol are utilization of the readily accessible simple substrates, broad substrate scope, and ligand‐free reaction conditions.
Multicomponent Domino Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Aryl and Heteroaryl Fused Pyrroloquinolinone Ring Systems via Environmentally Benign Solid‐state Melt Reaction
Authors: Mani Suresh , Raju Rajesh , Raghunathan Raghavacharry , Arumugam Natarajan , Almansour Abdulrahman I. , Kumar Raju Suresh , Perumal Karthikeyan 
Published: November 2021

AbstractA solid‐state melt reaction has been demonstrated via a domino multicomponent process for the synthesis of highly functionalized aryl/heteroaryl fused polycyclic pyrroloquinolinone frameworks in good to excellent yields. The multicomponent domino reaction sequence involves 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition and concomitant double annulation reaction process. Baylis‐Hillman adducts derived from various aryl/heteroaryl aldehyde were used as dipolarophiles, while the 1,3‐dipole components were azomethine ylides generated in situ from indoline‐2,3‐dione and N‐methylglycine/L‐proline/L‐pipecolinic acid. The reaction is highly regio and stereoselective, atom economic and environmentally benign in nature. The structure of compounds was elucidated through spectroscopic techniques and unambiguously ascertained by single crystal X‐diffraction analysis.
Application of Sequential Ring‐Opening, and Ring‐Closing Metathesis or Ring‐Rearrangement Metathesis to Design Oxacycles and Azacycles
Authors: Kotha Sambasivarao , Fatma Ambareen 
Published: November 2021

AbstractWe report a concise and simple synthetic approach to oxacycles, azacycles and aza‐propellanes starting with endo/exo‐nadic anhydride via olefin metathesis as a key step. This methodology relies on the usage of Lewis acid mediated allylation of the hydroxy derivatives followed by ring‐opening metathesis (ROM) and ring‐closing metathesis (RCM) to assemble fused oxacycles and azacycles. Moreover, this methodology generates diverse skeletons such as propellanes, highly fused azacycles. Interestingly, some of these heterocyclic frames constitute the basic core of biologically active natural products.
All‐in‐One: Multifunctional Hydrogel Accelerates Oxidative Diabetic Wound Healing through Timed‐Release of Exosome and Fibroblast Growth Factor
Authors: Xiong Yuan , Chen Lang , Liu Pei , Yu Tao , Lin Chuanchuan , Yan Chenchen , Hu Yiqiang , Zhou Wu , Sun Yun , Panayi Adriana C. , Cao Faqi , Xue Hang , Hu Liangcong , Lin Ze , Xie Xudong , Xiao Xiufeng , Feng Qian , Mi Bobin , Liu Guohui 
Published: November 2021

AbstractThe treatment of diabetic wounds remains a major challenge in clinical practice, with chronic wounds characterized by multiple drug‐resistant bacterial infections, angiopathy, and oxidative damage to the microenvironment. Herein, a novel in situ injectable HA@MnO2/FGF‐2/Exos hydrogel is introduced for improving diabetic wound healing. Through a simple local injection, this hydrogel is able to form a protective barrier covering the wound, providing rapid hemostasis and long‐term antibacterial protection. The MnO2/ε‐PL nanosheet is able to catalyze the excess H2O2 produced in the wound, converting it to O2, thus not only eliminating the harmful effects of H2O2 but also providing O2 for wound healing. Moreover, the release of M2‐derived Exosomes (M2 Exos) and FGF‐2 growth factor stimulates angiogenesis and epithelization, respectively. These in vivo and in vitro results demonstrate accelerated healing of diabetic wounds with the use of the HA@MnO2/FGF‐2/Exos hydrogel, presenting a viable strategy for chronic diabetic wound repair.
Quantum web of trust
Authors: Nema Prashant , Nene Manisha J. 
Published: November 2021

AbstractAuthentication is the foremost requirement for any online secure transaction. In post quantum era, public key encryption is considered no longer a safe option. The research is therefore, progressing toward providing a quantum resistant solution using both classical as well as quantum computing medium. The paper proposes a quantum based mutual authentication protocol for autonomous system, utilizing the properties of quantum mechanics for exchange, storage and validation of confidential data. The protocol so designed evolves into a chain of mutually trusted nodes to form quantum web of trust. The protocol cater for devices infected with malware by utilizing physically unclonable function inside trusted platform module. The mathematical expressions conveying the correctness of operations has been demonstrated on a quantum machine to verify the efficacy of the protocol. The security analysis demonstrates the ability of the proposed protocol to mitigate cyber attacks and eavesdropping in the network.
Feed‐in tariffs for financing renewable energy in Southeast Asia
Authors: Azhgaliyeva Dina , Mishra Ranjeeta 
Published: November 2021

AbstractRenewable energies are increasingly playing an important role in the energy mix in Southeast Asia, but many challenges remain before they can compete with fossil fuels. The article examines the current development in the renewable energy in Southeast Asia. The article also analyses feed‐in tariff policy to further support the development of the renewable energy sector in Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Viet Nam. More investments in renewable energy could be attracted given the same level of feed‐in tariff rates, contract length, and capacity cap by improving feed‐in tariff policy predictability. Southeast Asian countries could consider modification of their feed‐in tariffs suggested by the literature, such as for renewable energy generation accompanied with energy storage, tariff degression, caped capacity per region or grid, capacity‐augmentation‐tariff that are differentiated across different types and locations of intermittent power. Few of these features of feed‐in tariff policy are already implemented in some Southeast Asian countries.This article is categorized under:
Energy Policy and Planning > Economics and Policy
Energy and Climate > Economics and Policy